IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF COAL IN ORDER TO OBTAIN COKE AND BYE products thEREFROM
Year: 1884

page_text: I RICHARD DE SOLDENHOFF of Merthyr Tidfil in the County of Glamorgan,
Mining and Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF COAL IN ORDER
TO OBTAIN COKE AND BYE products thEREFROM to be as follows :-
The coking ovens are of a rectangular shape, all the ovens are provided on one
of their sides and just by the spring of the arch with a number of openings which
lead the gases generated in the oven to a conducting Blue situated above the side
walls of the ovens and running along the entire length of each oven.
The said conducting flues may communicate according to the requirements of
the process either with a collecting flue or with the condensing plant situated on
the top of the ovens through a pipe from each conducting flue. When the
conducting flues communicate with the collecting flue, they are disconnected from
the condensing plant and this is done in the hydraulic main.
The conducting flues connect with the collecting flue through a suitable opening
at the end of each conducting flue, and which may be open or closed accordingly
to the requirements of the process. This opening will be closed, when the
conducting flue is put in connection with the condensing plant and will be open
when the gases are used to be burned and to heat the flues of the ovens.
The gases travel in the flues in the following manner.
From the collecting flue which runs the entire length of the series of ovens, and
which connects with all the side walls of a given number of ovens, the gases will
flow through an opening which may be provided with any suitable regulating
means into a flue formed within the upper part of each side wall and after into a
flue formed within the lower part of each side wall.
From the said lower flues the gases will pass into flues situated below the floor
of each oven, in the first of said flues the gases from the two adjacent side walls
will meet and they will run together to the end of the said flue where by a short
cross flue they will pass into the second of such flues situated under the floor of
the next oven. From the said second flue the gases will be directed into the main
flue and from there into the chimney or they may be directed into the boiler first
and into the chimney after.
To make the description complete I will describe the air supply required for the
combustion of gases in the flues formed within the side walls.

page_text: The cold air enters from the outside into a flue extending along the entire series
of ovens from this flue it will pass through openings formed in the crown thereof
into flues situated below the flues immediately under each oven, and arranged in
sets of three each.
°
The cold air circulating successively in the flues of each set will become heated
and when it arrives at the end of the third flue of each set it will divide into two
and will enter flues by which it will ascend into a flue formed in each side wall
between the upper and lower gas flues.
The said flue is so constructed that the half of its length is perforated on the
top whilst the other half is perforated on the bottom. The hot air consequently
will spread in the upper and lower gas flues and cause a perfect combustion of the
gases circulating in the said gas flues.
Assuming now that the openings leading the gases from the conducting flues to
the collecting flue are closed, the gases will then pass out of each conducting flue
into a pipe, and from there into the hydraulic main constructed in a similar way
to the hydraulic mains of gas works.
From the hydraulic main the gases will pass through a pipe at one end thereof
into the refrigerating condenser which is composed of the following parts:
First, of a condensing tube extending the entire length of a series of ovens which
is provided with a convex bottom and in which the condensed tarry matters will
accumulate and whence by means of a pipe they will be carried outside into
a tank.
Second, of a revolving or stationary screw fixed inside the condensing tube in
order to lengthen the journey of the gases travelling in the condensing tube.
The screw is composed of a wooden shaft and of card-board spiral, or of other
material as for instance wood or iron or other material capable of resisting the tarry
matters. The screw is fixed in such way in the condensing tube that it can be
taken out when required.
Third, of a tank in which the condensing tube is immersed and in which cold
water constantly circulates. The gases leaving the condensing tube enter into a
series of scrubbers similar to those used in gas works for getting off the amonia.
After this the gases which are not condensed pass into a receiving flue situated
parallel to the collecting flue and communicating with the latter by a series of
openings. The gases from the receiving flue entering into the collecting flue will
mix together and enflame, after which they will take the ordinary course of the
gases in the flues as described above.

page_text: I RICHARD DE SOLDENHOFF of Merthyr Tidfil in the County of Glamorgan,
Mining and Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF COAL IN
ORDER TO OBTAIN COKE AND BYE PRODUCTS THEREFROM and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Apparatus constructed according to my invention is represented in the accom-
panying drawings in which Figure 1 represents vertical sections drawn on the
lines 1, 1, and 2, 2, of Figure 3.
Figure 2 represents horizontal sections drawn on tho lines 3, 3, and 4, 4, of
Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a vertical section drawn on the line 5, 5 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 represents a vertical section drawn on the line 6, 6, of Figure 1..
Figure 5 is an elevation and Figure 6 is a plan, and Figures 7 and 8 are
respectively a cross section and a horizontal section of parts drawn to a larger
scale.
Figures 9, 10 and 11 are vertical and horizontal sections representing slight
modifications. In all the Figures like parts are marked with similar letters of
reference.
I will first describe the arrangement of apparatus represented at Figures 1 to 8.
The coking ovens which are shown at 1, 1, are of a rectangular shape, all the
ovens are provided on one of their sides and just by the spring of the arch with
a number of openings a which lead the gases generated in the oven to a conducting
flue A situated above the side walls of the ovens and running along the entire
length of each oven.
The said conducting flues A may communicate according to the requirements of
the process either with a collecting flue E, or with the condensing plant situated
on the top of the ovens through a pipe M, from each conducting Blue A.
When the conducting flues A communicate with the collecting flue E they are
disconnected from the condensing plant and this is done in the hydraulic main.
The conducting flues A connect with the collecting flue E through a suitable
opening, (or openings) b at the end of each conducting flue A, and which may be
open or closed according to the requirements of the process. This opening b will
be closed when the conducting flue A is put in connection with the condensing
plant and will be open when the gases are used to be burned and to heat the flues
of the ovens.
The gases travel in the flues in the following manner,
From the collecting flue E which runs the entire length of the series of ovens,
and which connects with all the side walls of a given number of ovens, the gases
will flow through an opening c which may be provided with any suitable regulating

page_text: means into a flue B formed within the upper part of each side wall and after into
a flue C formed within the lower part of each side wall.
From the said lower flues C the gases will pass into flues a¹ à² situated below
the floor of each oven; in the first of said flues a' the gases from the two adjacent
side walls will meet and they will run together to the end of the said flue a' where
by a short cross flue f they will pass into the second a² of such flues situated under
the floor of the next oven. From the said second flue a' the gases will be directed
through a short flue k into the main flue K and from there into the chimney Y, or
they may be directed into the boiler Z first and into the chimney Y after.
To make the description complete I will describe the air supply required for the
combustion of gases in the flues B and C formed within the side walls.
The cold air enters from the outside into a flue L extending along the entire
series of ovens from this flue it will pass through openings formed in the crown
thereof into flues H H H situated below the flues immediately under each oven,
and arranged in sets of three each.
The cold air circulating successively in the flues H, H1, H2, of each set will
become heated and when it arrives at the end of the third flue H² of each set it
will divide into two and will enter flues O, by which it will ascend into a flue D
formed in each side wall between the upper and lower gas flues B, C.
The said flue D is so constructed that the half of its length is perforated on the
top whilst the other half is perforated on the bottom. The hot air consequently
will spread in the upper and lower gas flues B, C, and cause a perfect combustion
of the gases circulating in the said gas flues.
Assuming now that the openings b leading the gases from the conducting flues A
to the collecting flue E are closed, the gases will then pass out of each conducting
flue A into a pipe M and from there into the hydraulic main N constructed in a
similar way to the hydraulic mains of gas works.
From the bydraulic main N the gases will pass through a pipe at one
end thereof into the refrigerating condenser P which is composed of the following
parts:
First, of a condensing tube P extending the entire length of the series of ovens
which is provided with a convex bottom and in which the condensed tarry matters
will accumulate and whence by means of a pipe (not shown) they will be carried
outside into a tank,
Second, of a revolving or stationary screw P¹ fixed inside the condensing tube P
in order to lengthen the journey of the gases travelling in the condensing tube P.
The screw is composed of a wooden shaft X and of a spiral X¹ of card board or
of other material as for instance wood or iron or other material capable of resisting
the tarry matters. The screw is fixed in such way in the condensing tube P that
it can be taken out when required.
Third, of a tank R in which the condensing tube P is immersed and in which
cold water constantly circulates.
The gases leaving the condensing tube P enter by passing through the
tubes S, S¹, S into a series of scrubbers T, T¹, T' similar to those used in gas
works for getting off the ammonia. After this the gases which are not con-
densed pass by the tubes S³, U, and V into a receiving flue F, situated parallel
to the collecting flue E and communicating with the latter by a series of openings d.
The gases from the receiving flue F entering into the collecting flue E, will mix
together and enflame, after which they will take the ordinary course of the gases
in the flues as described above.
In the modification represented by the full lines in Figure 9 I dispense with
the air flues D and lead the air from the passages O direct into the upper gas
flues B where the gases enflame and thence pass into the lower gas flues C whence
they pass into the flues a² and then pursue the course above described with respect
to Figures 1 to 8.
In the modification represented partly by full lines and partly by dotted lines in
the Dionis 10 and 11

page_text: I also dispense with the air flues D as above described and I substitute for the
lower horizontal gas flues C, series of vertical flues C¹ formed in the lower parts of
the side walls..
The enflamed gases pass from the flues B into the upper ends of the vertical
flues C and after traversing such flues they pass from the lower ends thereof
into the flues a' whence they pursue the course above described with respect to
Figures 1. to 8.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The peculiar arrangement and combination of apparatus substantially as
herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. The combination with the ovens of flues A, flue E and parts connected there-
with whereby the ovens are enabled to be placed in connection with the flue E,
or with the condensing plant substantially as herein shown and described and for
the purpose stated.
3. The peculiar arrangement and construction of air flue D and parts connected
therewith for distributing hot air to the upper and lower gas flues in the side walls
of the ovens substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose
stated instead of distributing it as heretofore in the ovens or above the side walls.
4. The employment of means whereby hot air is delivered to gas flues formed
within the side walls of the ovens instead of delivering it to the ovens or to gas
flues formed above the side walls as heretofore substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.
5. The peculiar arrangement and construction of the refrigerating condenser
provided' with an internal screw substantially as herein shown and described and
for the purpose stated.
6. The receiving flue F in connection with the flue E substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.