IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A GLAZED OR VITRIFIED SURRACE ON CAST IRON OR OTHER CAST METAL
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Erasmus Thomas Horsley, of Pye Bridge, Alfreton,
in the County of Derby, Engineer, and Charles Horsley, of 22, Wharf
Road, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A GLAZED OR VITRIFIED
SURRACE ON CAST IRON OR OTHER CAST METAL."
Sealed the 20th March 1868, and dated the 26th September 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Erasmus Thomas Horsley
and Charles Horsley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th September 1867.
We, ERASMUS THOMAS HORSLEY, of Pye Bridge, Alfreton, in the County of
Derby, Engineer, and CHARLES HORSLEY, of 22, Wharf Road, City Road, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A GLAZED OR VITRIFIED
SURPACE ON CAST IRON OR OTHER CAST METAL," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the production of a
glazed or vitrified surface on cast iron or other cast metal. In producing
castings of iron or other metal we coat the mould aud any core which may be
employed, or either or part thereof, with powdered glass, or it may be furnace
cinder, or enamel, or other material capable of being vitrified by the heat of

page_text: the melted metal when it is poured into the mould, so as to form a glaze
or enamel on the surface of the casting.
We prefer to operate as follows:-We first coat the interior of the mould
and the surface of the core or cores, if any be used or any part thereof, with
a paint-like composition of graphite or carbon and tar, and on to the surface
so prepared we sift or dust over the powdered glass, slag, or such like material,
and then proceed to cast in the usual way.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Erasmus Thomas Horsley and Charles Horsley in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 26th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ERASMUS
THOMAS HORSLEY, of Pye Bridge, Alfreton, in the County of Derby, Engineer,
and CHARLES HORSLEY, of 22, Wharf Road, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Erasmus Thomas Horsley and Charles Horsley, Her special licence that
we, the said Erasmus Thomas Horsley and Charles Horsley, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Erasmus Thomas
Horsley and Charles Horsley, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A GLAZED OR VITRIFIED SURFACE ON CAST
IRON OR OTHER CAST METAL," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Erasmus Thomas Horsley and Charles Horsley, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Horsley, on behalf of myself and
the said Erasmus Thomas Horsley, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the production of a glazed
or vitrified surface on cast iron or other cast metal. In producing castings of
iron or other metal we coat the mould and any core which may be employed,
or either or part thereof with powdered glass, or it may be furnace cinder or
enamel, or other material capable of being vitrified by the heat of the melted
metal when it is poured into the mould, so as to form a glaze or enamel on
the surface of the casting.
We prefer to operate as follows:-We first coat the interior of the mould
and the surface of the core or cores, if any be used, or any part thereof, with
a paint-like composition of graphite or carbon and tar, and on to the surface
so prepared we sift or dust over the powdered glass, slag, or such like material,
and then proceed to cast in the usual way.
And in order that our said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect we will proceed to describe the manner in which
as we believe the operation may be most advantageously performed.
We prepare a mould in the usual manner either of common sand or red
loam sand, and either with or without a core or cores, as the case may require,
and when the mould is finished we paint it over by means of a soft brush
with a paint-like composition prepared by grinding together gas tar and
common blacklead in the proportion of about two lbs. of blacklead to a
gallon of tar, and immediately we dust over it finely ground window glass, or
green bottle glass, or slag from a blast furnace may be used, as may also other
vitreous materials or enamel compositions, such as are now used for enamelling
articles of wrought and cast iron, but when casting iron we prefer to use
ground glass. Any excess of the powder is dusted or blown off, and the mould
is allowed to dry, or is dried by artificial heat until the composition on its
surface is set and hard, so that it will not rub off; the metal is then run into
the mould in the usual way, the heat fuses the vitreous material with which
the mould is lined, and causes it to form a glaze on the surface of the casting.
The paint-like composition by which the powder was made to adhere to the
mould also serves as a separation when the fusion takes place, and so a smooth
face is ensured.
This process is more especially applicable when casting iron, but it may
also be applied advantageously in some cases when casting brass and copper,

page_text: the vitreous material employed being such as fuses readily with the heat of
the melted metal.
In witness whereof I, the said Charles Horsley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
CHARLES HORSLEY. (L.S.)