IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY PAR CARNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Fairburn, of Kirklees Mills, Mirfield, in the
County of York, Card Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY PAR CARNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 29th September 1859, and dated the 5th April 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Fairburn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th April 1859.
I, EDWARD FAIRBURN, of Kirklees Mills, Mirfield, in the County of York,
Card Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to machinery for improvements of which Letters
Patent were granted to me, dated May 11th, 1858, No. 1052, and the present
Invention consists of further improvements thereon. In carrying the aforesaid
Invention into practice, I have found that when operating upon some sorts of
fibrous substances, such fibre is not always effectually separated by the flanges
on the stripper entering into the grooved doffer as therein described; to obviate
or remedy which, I place plates of thin metal or other suitable material betwixt
the "swift" or carding cylinder and the doffer, such plates being fitted and
fixed in position with one edge in close proximity to the surface of the swift, the
other edge entering into narrow groves formed or cut into the surface of the
doffer at suitable distances, so that the cards on the doffer are thus formed into

page_text: rings, which being separated by the plates at the point of contact with the
swift, the wool or other fibre is effectually divided into strips as it is transfered
from the swift to the doffer, from which it passes over grooved rollers to the
rubbers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Fairburn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th October 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
FAIRBORN, of Kirklees Mills, Mirfield, in the County of York, Card Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Der heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Edward Fairburn, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Fairburn, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Edward Fairburn, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward
Fairburn, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calender months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Fairburn, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say):
This Invention relates to machinery for improvements of which Letters
Patent were granted to me, dated May 11th, 1858, No. 1052, and the present
Invention consists of further improvements thereon. In carrying the aforesaid
Invention into practice I have found that when operating upon some sorts of

page_text: fibrous substances, such fibre is not always effectually separated by the flanges
on the stripper entering into the grooved doffer as therein described; to obviate'
or remedy which I place plates of thin metal or other suitable material betwixt
the "swift" or carding cylinder and the doffer, such plates being fitted and'
fixed in position, with one edge in close proximity to the surface of the swift,
the other edge entering into narrow grooves formed or cut into the surface of
the doffer at suitable distances, so that the cards on the doffer are thus formed
into rings, which being seperated by the plates at the point of contact with the
swift, the wool or other fibre is effectually divided into strips as it is trans-
ferred from the swift to the doffer, from which it is stripped, and passes over
grooved rollers to the rubbers, as described in the Specification of Patent
refered to.
This Invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, in which A is a segment (shewn in section) of the rim of
a carding engine, cylinder, or swift, with the cards a on its surface; B is also
a segment (in section) of the rim of a doffer, constructed, as shewn in my
former Patent herein-before referred to, with rings of cards b, and grooves or
spaces formed in the rim for flanges on the stripper to enter, as therein fully
explained; C is a thin plate of metal placed in a-groove or space of the doffer,
and attached to a rail D, which extends the whole width of the machine, and
is fixed at each end to the framing thereof in such manner as to be capable of
adjustment. One of such plates is placed and remains stationery in each
groove of the doffer, being adjusted to be in close proximity to the swift at
the point of contact with the doffer, and also extending to a little distance
below, as shewn in the Drawing. The rings of cards on the surface of the
doffer are thus divided or separated by the plates at the said point of contact,
so that in taking or transfering the wool or other fibrous substance from the
swift to the doffer, each ring of cards move and operate between two of the
said stationery plates C, which effectually divide the said wool or fibrous
substance in its transit or transfer from the swift to the doffer, from which
it is stripped at the opposite side in manner as explained in my Specification
of Patent above referred. If any loose fibre get into the grooves of the
doffer it is taken out by the upper part of the plates C, and carried forward
by the stripper E to the swift A. The direction of rotation of these several
parts is indicated by the arrows. The grooves in the doffer may be formed as
herein shewn, and more fully described in my former Patent, or by constructing
the doffer of a series of iron wheels or pullies of suitable size placed side by
side, and fixed on a shaft, the rim. being so formed as to leave a space or
groove betwixt each rim, and the rings of cards laid on the surface thereof.

page_text: Having thus fully described the nature of this my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it distinctly
understood that I claim as of my Invention, the application and use of plates
of metal or other suitable material placed betwixt the cylinder or swift and
the doffer of carding engines, for dividing into strips the wool or other fibrous
substance operated upon or carded thereby, substantially as herein described,
and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Fairburn, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Edward Fairburn in
the presence of
EDWARD FAIRBURN. (L.S.)
WM. TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.
"