A COMBINATION OF IMPROVED METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING, TRANSFERRING, AND DELIVERING WITH PROCESSES IN APPLICATIONS FOR LAYING ON GOLD AND SILVER POWDERS, BRONZE POWDERS, AND COLOURS IN POWDER TO SURFACES
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin George George at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th April 1871.
I, BENJAMIN GEORGE GEORGE, of 47, Hatton Garden, in the County
of Middlesex, Lithographer and Printer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A COMBINATION OF IMPROVED METHODS AND APPARATUS
FOR RECEIVING, TRANSFERRING, AND DELIVERING WITH PROCESSES IN APPLICATIONS
FOR LAYING ON GOLD AND SILVER POWDERS, BRONZE POWDERS, AND COLOURS IN
POWDER TO SURFACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a combination of improved methods and
apparatus for making (and combining with machinery herein-after
described) rollers and distributors wherewith to apply bronze powders
and colours to all kinds of printed work, being a combination of
improvements on certain parts of an Invention of mine secured to me
under Letters Patent dated the Twenty-fourth of July 1868, and num-
bered 2333. The said methods and apparatus herein-after described will
also combine with other machinery for the said purpose of applying
bronze powders or colours to printed work, and to this end I adopt the

page_text: following means:-I prepare a hermetically sealed flexible cylinder of
india-rubber or of any other suitable air-tight material covered on the
outside with a woven or textile fabric, such as velvet, plush, or fine
hair, or the fur or soft skin of any animal; at each end of this flexible
cylinder I affix wood or metal end pieces, each having an aperture
forming an axis, through which I (pass an axle, and I so adjust them
that the interior of the flexible tube will then be air-tight. Through
the axle I drill an opening leading into the interior of the cylinder,
and at the outside end of the opening I attach an air valve. I am now
able to distend the said flexible cylinder to the necessary degree of
expansion by blowing direct into it through the air valve.
The effect of this air-inflated cylinder or roller is such as to produce
a most sensitively soft and elastic body, especially adapted for the
purpose required, as from its pliability it will not smear nor-blurr the-
newly printed-ink, the distension of the cylinder being so regulated by
the quantity of air-put-into-it-as-to-givo-the-exact degree of touch or
pressure necessary for the kind of ink which may have been used for
printing the work.
For some kind of bronzing and powdering I vary the means of pro-
ducing the degree of pressure or touch by altering the construction
of the cylinder in the following manner, thus, I increase the diameter
of that part of the axle which is within the interior of the cylinder, and
instead of distending the cylinder by means of atmospheric air I sub-
stitute therefor a fluid, such as water or a suitable oil, rising to such
height in the cylinder as to give distension by hydrostatic pressure of
such degree as may be necessary for the different kinds of work; or I
may again vary the construction of the cylinder by making it of a
material known as india-rubber sponge, set on an axle and covered
with a soft pliable material; or I may use the flexible cylinder first
described, and distended by means of hair set on a spiral spring, which
spring I am able to shorten or lengthen at pleasure, so as to obtain the
right degree of pressure, but I prefer the first two methods, as being
more complete and better adapted to meet every want.