A New or Improved Apparatus for Ruling Slates, Applicable to other similar Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 27th July, 1889-Accepted, 31st Aug.. 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Apparatus for Ruling Slates, Applicable to
other similar Purposes.
1, JOHN JOSEPH. DARGUE, of Chevington South School, Acklington, in the County
of. Northumberland, Schoolmastor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The special object of this invention is to provide a simple, rapid and officient
means of ruling slatos with spaced parallel lines in one or both directions. The
apparatus consists of a frame formed of three parts preferably of wood two of
which are fixed to each other in the manner of a T square, the longer part repre-
senting the blade and the shorter part the stock. The third piece is arranged to
slide, at right angles to, and adjustable, upon the blade to suit the sizes of different
slates, and both this piece and the stock are grooved on their inside edges to receive
the frame of the slate to be ruled. The blade is preferably made in two parts
between which a thin strip of india rubber or other suitable yielding material is
inserted longitudinally the object of which will presently be stated. In the side of
the blade which comes next the surface of the slate are a number of small holes in
two rows spaced in "zig-zag" form and the distance between the holes in each row
may conveniently be inch. These holes are pierced only half through the thickness
of the blade piece so that short steel or other pins being inserted in them the inner
blunt ends of such pins will abut against the strip of india rubber or other yielding
material whilst their outer pointed ends will project a sufficient distance to press upon
the surface of the slate when it is inserted in the grooves of the stock piece and of
the adjustable third piece upon the blade.
The ruling is effected as follows:-The apparatus is placed on the table or desk-
stops upon one end of the stock piece and of the sliding pieco projecting over the edge
to hold it in position-the holes for the pins being now in the upper side of the blade.
The pins having been inserted in the holes, at suitable spaces apart for the lines to be
ruled, one side of the frame of the slate is placed in the groove in stock piece and the
adjustable piece is moved along the blade until the opposite side of the frame is held
The slate is now held between
in the groove when it is fixed by a ciamping screw.
the two grooves in which it slides freely and the points of the pins are in contact with
the lower surface of the slate. If the slate be now moved in the grooves lines will be
scratched upon its surface by the points of the pins in the direction it slides either
from frame to frame or over any portion required to be ruled. If the surface of the
slate is not truly level the strip of india rubber adjusts the pressure of the pins to
any inequality and the ruled lines are uniformly marked throughout. Lines crossing
those spaced as required by the disposition of the pins may be ruled by turning the
slate the opposite way. It is obvious that the apparatus may be used on a fixed slate
but where practicable the slate is preferably moved over the pins which thus are kept
in their proper position.
The process of ruling perfectly spaced and parallel lines, lengthwise and crosswise,
or either, is so easy that a great number of slates can be prepared for the scholars in
a few minutes which would otherwise involve a serious loss of time and the slates will
be ruled exactly alike.
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Apparatus for Ruling Slates, Applicable to
other similar Purposes.
I, JOHN JOSEPH DARGUE, of Chevington South School, Acklington, in the county
of Northumberland, Schoolmaster do hereby declare the nature of said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement:-
37
The special object of this invention is to provide a simple, rapid and efficient means
of ruling slates with spaced parrallel lines in one or both directions. The apparatus
consists of a frame formed of three parts preferably of wood two of which are fixed
to each other in the manner of a T square, the longer part representing the blade
and the shorter part the stock. The third piece is arranged to slide,.at right angles
to and adjustable, upon the blade to suit the sizes of different slates, and both this
piece and the stock are grooved on their inside edges to receive the frame of the
slate to be ruled. The blade is preferably made in two parts between which a thin
strip of india-rubber or other suitable yielding material is inserted longitudinally the
object of which will presently be stated. In the side of the blade which comes next
the surface of the slate are a number of small holes in two rows spaced in "zig zag
form and the distance between the holes in each row may conveniently be inch.
These holes are pierced only half through the thickness of the blade piece so that
short steel or other pins being inserted in them, the inner blunt ends of such pins will
abut against the strip of india-rubber or other yielding material whilst their outer
pointed ends will project a sufficient distance to press upon the surface of the slate
when it is inserted in the grooves of the stock piece and of the adjustable third piece
upon the blade. The ruling is effected as follows:-The apparatus is placed on the
table or desk stops, upon one end of the stock piece and of the sliding piece projecting
over the edge to hold it in position the holes for the pins being now in the upper
side of the blade. The pins having been inserted in the holes, at suitable spaces
apart for the lines to be ruled, one side of the frame of the slate is placed in the groove
in stock piece and the adjustable piece is moved along the blade until it comes against
the opposite side of the frame of the slate when it is fixed by a clamping screw.
The slate is now held between the two grooves in which it slides freely and the points
of the pins are in contact with the lower surface of the slate.
moved in the grooves lines will be scratched upon its surface by the points of the
If the slate be now
pins either from frame to frame or over any portion required to be ruled. If the
surface of the slate is not truly level the strip of india rubber adjusts the pressure of
the pins to any inequality and the ruled lines are uniformly marked throughout.
Lines crossing those, spacod as required by the disposition of the pins, may be ruled
by turning the slate the opposite way. It is obvious that the apparatus may be used
on a fixed slate but where practicable the slate is preferably moved over the pins
which thus are kept in their proper position.. The process of ruling. perfectly spaced
and parallel lines, lengthwise and crosswise or either is so easy that a great number
of slates can be prepared for the scholars in a few minutes which would otherwise 4
involve a serious loss of time and the slates will be ruled exactly alike.
When applied to ruling lines on a black board chalk crayons will be inserted in
the holes which will be of larger size and the board resting against an ease! the
apparatus will be adjusted to the proper width of distance over the edges of the board
and moved so as to draw lines either over the whole or any desired part of the 4
surface.
Dusanzamen

page_text: B is the blade made in two parts between which is inserted the strip of India-
rubber D in a groove formed in the lower piece and the two pieces are then secured
together by small screws E E E and the blade is inserted into a dovetail recess in the
fixed stock and secured by screws F F. The adjustable piece C has also a dovetailed
recess formed in it to receive the blade upon which it slides and is fixed in any
required position by a thumb screw G. The steel pins H are shewn on the blade on
Fig. 1 projecting so as to touch the underside of the slate which is indicated by
dotted lines and on Fig. 2 by the circles which are black the white circles indicating
the holes which have no pins in them and as so disposed parallel lines will be ruled
on the slate inch apart, but if the pins are inserted in the intervening holes the
lines will be inch apart. The apparatus is held in position by the stop pins J which
rest against the edge of the desk or table the slate being moved in the direction of
the arrows when being ruled. Figs. 5 6 7 and 8 are small diagrams to illustrate
various forms of ruling. When a slate is required to be ruled as shewn by Fig. 6 the
vertical lines commence at any fixed distance from by the slate being adjusted to that
distance by an index marked on the edge of the fixed stock A and the spaces in either
direction are regulated by the number of pins inserted in the holes in blade only
4 pins being required to rule the vertical lines on Fig. 6. Fig. 8 shews a slate ruled
for large and small text writing by leaving out the pins between the small text spaces
the intervening large text spaces being exactly double the others.
The piece C being adjusted to the size of slate and secured does not need to be
moved so long as that size of slate is being ruled as the slate can be inserted and
removed by the groove in the fixed stock A being left sufficiently larger than the
frame of the slate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
For the purpose of readily ruling parallel and accurately spaced lines upon slates,
black boards or the like the use of an apparatus consisting of a fixed stock to which
is secured at right angles a blade in which are holes to receive projecting pins or
chalk crayons the inner ends of which abut upon a strip of India rubber or other
suitable material and upon which blade slides an adjustable stock to form with the
fixed stock a guide for the slate or black board substantially as described and
illustrated.
T
TIDA
T. J. DANSON, F.I.P.A.,
2, St. Nicholas' Buildings, Newcastle upon Tyne, Agent for Applicant.