Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd July, 1897-Accepted, 21st Aug., 1897

page_text: This rod and plate are pressed by the spring 5 to the position shown, and with the
circuit connections, constitute the master switch. The transmitting current passes
from the split battery Z, connected on one side to earth, to springs 6, 7, which also
rest on contacts carried by the plate 3. These springs are attached to a movable
block 8, held in the position shown by the spring "9, but capable of being depressed
by the rod 10, the upper end of which is termed herein the space key, so that the
springs 6, 7, shall not rest upon their contact plates. A pivoted lever catch 11 is
adapted to take over a collar 12 on the rod 4, and has a tail end which is in contact
with the block 8, so that when the rod 4.is held down by the catch, the depression of
the block 8 will move the catch, to release the rod, and permit the master switch to
change its position.
The impulses are sent to line by the magnetic interrupting device covered by the
British Patent No. 26963, the magnet wheel being revolved by connection with
the pen arın 14, and giving motion to the interrupter lever 15. The Prony brake 16
is, as usual, frictionally attached to the shaft of the wheel 13, and rests against one
or the other of the stops 17, 18, according to the direction in which the pen arm is
moving. Resistances R¹, R2, R³, are provided for sending currents of different
strengths to line, as will be hereafter explained.
The transmitting pen or pencil point 19 rests upon the paper, which, in turn, is
supported by a platen 20 (see Fig. 2), which is carried by pivoted arms 21. To the
bottom of the platen is attached a pin 22, which bears upon the end of a pivoted
lever 23, the other end of which is provided with contact pins adapted to connect
with fixed contact points 24, 25, according to the position of the platen.
The construction of this mechanism is an improvement on that heretofore proposed,
in that the contacts are not connected directly with the platen. Therefore, when it
is desired to remove the platen, for any purpose, it is not necessary to disturb the
electrical connections of the instrument, and by this construction considerable
inconvenience is avoided.
""
When the transmitting pen is in operation, the current passes from the battery Z,
through the two springs 6 and 7, to wires de which pass to both of the interrupters.
Each interrupter will send to line, therefore, a current of positive or negative polarity,
according to the position of lever 15. The three resistances R1, R2, R3, are so
arranged that the resistance R³ is always in circuit, unless the pen lifting mechanism
is in operation; the additional resistance R² will be in circuit when the " Prony
brake 16 is resting against the stop 18; and resistance R¹ will be in circuit only when
the Prony brake 16 is at an intermediate position between the stops 17 and 18. It
results from this, that when the pen arm 14 is moving in an upward direction, the
two resistances R2 and R3 will be in circuit; and when the movement of the arm is
reversed, and it takes a downward direction, the single resistance R³ will be in circuit.
The strength of the current sent to line will therefore correspond to the direction of
movement of the pen arin. The same is true of the movements of the pen arm 31,
and similar resistances are provided on the other side of the instrument. While the
Prony brake is in an intermediate position between the stops 17 and 18, the
resistance R¹ will be in circuit, in addition to R2 and R3. This will have the effect,
when the Prony brake is passing from stop 17 to 18, of causing a more prompt
movement of the armature 47, than would otherwise occur.
For the purpose of controlling the raising and lowering of the receiving pen, in
consonance with that of the transmitting pen, two relay magnets D, D', are provided,
and connected as shown with the stops 24, 25, which are connected respectively with
springs 26, 27, which normally bear upon a contact plate 28 carried by pivotal
block 29, the position of which upon its pivot is determined by the pressure of the
armatures respectively of the two magnets D D¹. When the transmitting pen is
placed on the paper, the effect of the depression of the platen is to bring the end of
the lever 23 into contact with stop 24, and send a current through magnet D¹,
spring 27, plate 28, wires e and d, and springs 6 and 7, whereby the magnet D¹ is
energized, and its armature attracted, until it makes contact with spring 32, closing
circuit through the armature of the magnet D¹ and the wires h, h³, which cuts
&

page_text: out all the resistances, and sends a full strength current to line wire b. This current
is, however, only momentary, since the attraction of the armature of magnet D¹ tilts
the block 29, and breaks the contact between spring 27 and plate 28, whereupon the
magnet D releases its arinature, and breaks the short circuit around the resistances.
The block 29 then remains in its tilted position, giving contact only to the
spring 26 with the plate 28, until the transmitting pen is lifted, and lever 23 comes
in contact with stop 25, when the magnet D is energized, and a strong impulse in
similar manner sent through line wire c.
Referring now to the receiving side of the instrument, the escapement mechanism
with its magnets H H. is substantially the same as that shown in the Gray
telautograph patents. The escapement, actuated by the to and fro impulses received
from the transmitter, governs the application of power to the receiving pen by the
motor M acting through the springs and reversing mechanism, as in the British
Patent No. 1017104.
Reversal in direction of motion of the receiving pen is effected by means of the
two discs 33, 34, mounted upon the shaft driven from the motor, which discs
cominunicate motion to the disc 35, carrying the drum 36, over which the belt 37
passes to a drum on the escapement shaft. The engaging surfaces of the discs 33,
34, and 35, are of such material as to give suitable friction, for instance, soft rubber.
The disc 35 is brought into contact with one or the other of the discs 33, 34, by the
vibration of the armature 30 of the magnet X¹.
In instruments as heretofore constructed, difficulty has been encountered in this
respect, that when the frictional contact of this sort has been effected in one direction
by a magnet, and in the other direction by a spring, it has not been practicable to
exactly equalize the pulls in the two directions, the consequence of which has been
an uneven strain and wear upon the apparatus, according to the direction of
movement of the receiving pen, which has been found to be injurious. In order to
overcome this difficulty, the friction disc is now mounted upon a lever 38, independent
of, and pivoted to, the end of the armature, and the retractile spring 39 is attached
to this lever. There is also provided a stop 40, against which the rear end of the
lever 38 abuts. When so mounted, the disc 35 is held against each of the discs 33,
34, when in contact with it, by the pull of the spring 39. The distance between the
point of attachment of the spring and the pivotal point of the lever 38, is so
proportioned to the other arm of the lever, and to the distances between the point of
attachment of the spring and the pivot of the lever 38 and the journal of the disc 35,
that in each case the pull of the spring is exerted upon the disc at the same leverage,
and consequently in each case the force at which the disc 35 is held against either
the disc 33, or the disc 34, will be the same.
The stop 40 is also utilized as an electrical contact, for the purpose of cutting out
a portion of the exciting current of the magnet X', immediately after the armature 30
is attracted; this being for the well-known reason, that a less' amount of current is
required to hold an armature against a magnet, than to draw it up to it.
resistance R is connected as shown, and will be hereafter referred to in the description.
of the circuits.
This
The action of the reversing magnet X¹ is controlled by a reversing relay J¹, the
armature of which is so adjusted as to be drawn forward by the normal current,
having in it only the resistance R³, and to be released and fall against its back stop,
when the normal current has in it the two resistances R2 and R3. This magnet J.
may be in series with the escapement magnet, but it is found preferable to place it
in multiple arc, as shown.
In operating reversing magnets, by means of changes of strength, in to and fro
impulses, this difficulty has been encountered, and has been found very serious.
While the reversing relay will respond accurately, and work as intended, when the
succession of the reversing impulses is slow, if they become very rapid, the proportion
of time during which the core of the reversing magnet is in a neutral condition
between two successive impulses of reversed polarity, becomes so considerable, that
the magnet is liable to lose its ability to retain its armature in its forward position,
'

page_text: although the line current is of the full normal strength. In such cases, the am
is liable to be released, and thus to occasion a false reversal. In order to obviate
this defect, it is proposed to make available another variation in the operation of the
instrument, due to the same cause, i.e., the increased frequency of the reversing
impulses. It is a fact that the range of movement of the lever 411, carrying the
escapement pawls, becomes shorter, as the impulses become more frequent. It is
proposed, therefore, to introduce an arrangement of circuits whereby the magnet X'
shall be prevented from de-energization, on the falling back of the armature of the
magnet J', if the latter occurs during a period of rapid succession of impulses in the
main line. It will be seen that such an arrangement will effect the required object,
because reversal is never required at a time when the succession of impulses is rapid,
for the reason that immediately before reversal, the speed of the pen is necessarily
diminished, and reaches its minimum at reversal; it being, in fact, absolutely
stationary at the precise moment of reversal.
To this end, a second armature 41 is provided for the magnet X¹, with circuit
connections, as shown, and there are also provided contact stops, 42, contiguous to
the lever which carries the escapement pawls, and so placed that they will be touched
by contacts 43 on the escapement lever, when the latter makes its extreme
excursions, but when the reciprocations of the armature lever are very rapid, contact
will not be made between the stops 42 and 43. To the stops 42, and the escapement
lever, connections are made, as shown.
The operation of this part of the device will then be as follows-When the
impulses sent from the transmitter are of the low strength, that is, reduced by both
resistances R²; R³, the armature of the magnet J¹ will lie upon its back stop, 44, and
magnet X¹ will de-energized. When the line current is increased in strength by the
dropping out of the resistance R2, the magnet. J' will attract its armature, and the
circuit will be completed from the battery Z, through wires g, g', g², stop 45, spring,
lever 46, armature 47, wire g³, magnet X1, wire g, armature 30, stop 40, wire g³ and
wire g", to the battery. The energization of inagnet X', under the influence of this
current, will cause it to draw up the secondary armature 41, thereby closing another,
or "locking" circuit, from wire g, through wire j, lever 41, stop 49, wire j², magnet X',
to wire g. This circuit is independent of the position of the armature 47 on
magnet J, and even if the armature 47 falls on its back stop, due to the rapid
succession of reversing impulses in the line, the energization of magnet X will not
be affected. When the. armature 47 makes a true movement of reversal, and falls
upon its back stop, owing to a reduction in the strength of the line current, the
circuit through the escapement lever comes into play. At the moment of reversal,
the vibration of the escapement lever is slow, and its excursions long. Contact
between the stops 42 and 43 is effected, and a short circuit for the current is closed,
from wire g, through, wire j, lever 41, stop 49, wire, wire g³, lever 47, stop 44,
wire, escapement lever, the stop against which the lever is resting at the time,
wire 2, to wire g*, short-circuiting magnet X¹, and causing it to release its
armature.
The pen raising mechanism at the receiving station is actuated as follows:-As
has been before explained, when the transmitting pen is placed upon the paper, and
the platen under it is depressed, all, the resistances are cut out of the line circuit b,
and the full current sent to line. As a result, the magnet J' draws up its armature
more strongly than usual, so that it presses against, and moves lever 46, thereby
breaking the contact of lever 46 with the stop 45, and breaking the circuit of
magnet V, one of the two pen-lifting magnets. It results from this, that the
pivoted armature 50, which carries the pen rest 51, tilts toward magnet V₁, raising
the pen rest 51 and the receiving pen. When the transmitting pen is raised from
the paper, as before explained, a strong impulse is sent over the line wire c, which
results in breaking the circuit of the pen-lifting magnet V₁, and reversing the
position of the pen rest.
The transmitting and the receiving instruments are brought into unison in this
organization, as follows:-Having finished a line, the transmitting operator places his

page_text: pen upon the space key and depresses it, the result of which is that the springs 6
and 7 are carried off their contacts, and the currents on line are interrupted. In
that condition of the circuits, the organization is such that the pen arm 52 on the
receiving instrument is drawn back, and the pen arm 53 is moved forward, causing
the receiving pen to travel to the upper left-hand corner of its field, which corresponds
to the position of the space key in the transmitting field. At this point, the
receiving pen strikes, and is arrested by, a stop 54. The receiving pen is thus
mechanically stopped at a point in unison with the transmitting pen upon the
space key.
The manner in which the paper is shifted, in this improved instrument, will now
be described. Heretofore, the paper in telautographs has been shifted by means of
an independent magnet, and the motor for the receiving pen has not been used for
this purpose: It has not been considered practicable to use it, for the reason that it
is sometimes necessary to shift the paper, when the receiving pen is not in motion,
and the springs between the motor and the receiving pen are fully wound up, and
therefore the further rotation of the motor is prevented. To use a single motor for
the moving of the receiving pen and the shifting of the paper, is an advantage in
simplicity of construction, and it is found possible to accomplish this by providing a
detachable connection between the motor shaft and the pen driving mechanism; so
that when the latter is fully wound up, or stationary, the motor can be, nevertheless,
revolved to move the paper. This is accomplished as follows:-The shaft of the
motor (see Fig. 2) has on it an arm 55 provided with a pin 56; which engages with
another pin 57 on arm 58 attached to shaft 59 carrying the worm-wheel 60, which
engages with gear 61, through which the pen-driving springs are wound up, as in
the Specification of the British Patent No. 10171 1894. When the maximum
tension of the pen-driving springs is attained, the shaft 59 moves outward, as.
explained in the patent specification referred to, and pushes back the arm 62,
breaking the motor circuit, and preventing further winding of the pen driving
springs. The pins 56, 57 in this apparatus will, however, be so adjusted to each
other, that at this point they will clear each other, and the motor may be revolved
without further winding the pen driving springs. There may thus be used the
motor at all times for feeding the paper, and in order that it may be used for this
purpose, there is provided a second motor circuit, which is only closed when the
paper is to be fed.
The paper feeding apparatus consists of a drun 63 mounted on a shaft 64, between
which and the roller 63* the paper is gripped. The drum 63 is made in two pieces,
having a central opening between then, in which is mounted the worm wheel 65,
engaging with the worm 66 on the shaft 67. This shaft is connected to the shaft of
the motor by means of a magnet clutch, one member of which, 68, consisting of a
magnet with a core and soft iron shell, is fastened upon shaft 67, while the other
member of the clutch consists of the disc armature 69 fastened to the motor shaft.
On one end of the shaft 64 is a commutator 70, against which bear two springs 71, 72,
one resting upon an insulating segment at the time when the other rests upon a
metallic segment. The shaft 64 is insulated in its bearings. The springs 71, 72, are
insulated from their supports, and the bar 73, which carries the block 74 in which
the shaft 67 is journalled, is also insulated. To the bar 73 is also attached a block 75,
which carries a spring 76 bearing upon a collar 77 mounted upon, but insulated from,
the shaft 67. The inner end of the coil of the magnet 68 is connected to the shaft 67,
and the outer end is connected to the collar 77. There is thus a circuit through the
commutator segments and worm wheel 65 and worm shaft 67, the coil of magnet 68,
the collar 77, and the spring 76. Spring 76 is connected to one of the motor brushes,
as shown in Fig. 16. Spring 71 is connected to stop 78, against which plays one end
of the pivoted stop 54. The stop 79 is placed on the opposite side of the end of
pivoted stop 54, and is connected with brush 72. Connection is made between brush 72
and stop 79 with stop 80, as shown in Fig. 16. Stop 54 is also connected with
stop 81, and stops 82 and 821 are provided with connections as shewn:
The shifting of the paper at the receiving station is effected as follows:-

page_text: The receiving pen strikes stop 54, and throws the end thereof into contact with
stop 78. Connection is thus made from the battery through stop 81, block 8, and
the connecting wires, to spring 71, and connected parts, as above indicated, through
magnet 68 and the motor. This causes the magnet 68 to act as a friction clutch,
and the motor to revolve, from which it results that the paper feeding drum will be
moved, and feed the paper a certain distance, viz., until the spring 71 comes upon an
insulating segment. When the receiving pen is withdrawn from the stop 54, the
latter moves, under the impulse of its retracting spring, until its end presses against
stop 79, when a circuit is completed through spring 72, magnet 68, and the motor,
and the paper is fed a further distance until the spring 72 falls upon an insulating
segment. The paper will now have been fed the ordinary distance between lines of
writing. This manner of shifting the paper is of importance, since it permits a single
condition of line circuits to suffice for bringing the instruments to unison, and
effecting the movement of the paper. It has been usual to employ a special condition
of circuits for the paper shifting, which increases the number of necessary circuit
conditions, to an extent which has been found impracticable.
:
At the same time, the paper at the transmitter will have been fed a similar
distance by reason of the contact made by the block 8 with stop 80, closing a circuit
through brush 73, magnet 68, and the motor at the transmitting station, and when
the block 8 rises, on the removal of the transmitting pen, from the space key, the
circuit is again made by the contact of the block 8 with stop 81, and a second
actuating current sent through the magnet 68 and motor at the sending station.
Thus, the feed of the paper at the sending station will be completed pari passu with
that at the receiving station.
When the transmitting operator has finished a message, it will be necessary to run
off an amount of paper equivalent to that occupied by that portion of the sent
message remaining in the receiving field, in order to leave a clear field for the
receiving pen, and provision for accomplishing this is made by the stops 82, 821,
which come in contact with each other when the master switch is pressed down to
its lowest position. The circuit will then be closed from the battery to both
springs 71, 72, and the paper at the sending station will therefore be fed until the
plate 3 is released, and the stops 82 82¹ allowed to separate. When the master
switch is released, it rises very slightly, until the collar 12 is engaged by the catch 11,
and the switch thereby held in receiving position.
It will be understood that the circuit connections are the same on the two sides of
the receiving instrument, and the explanation above given will apply to both.
The construction of the escapement magnet, its pallets, and the connecting parts,
probably do not require any special explanation. They are shown on an enlarged scale
in Figs. 10 and 11. The pivoted armature 41', carrying the pawls and escapement
pallets, is mounted in the block 83, provided with a differential adjusting a
screw 84, to permit exact adjustment of the pallets to the escapement wheel.
Considerable difficulty has been encountered in the use of telautographic pens,
from their liability to become clogged. To overcome this difficulty, it is proposed to
apply a force pump to the ink well. A convenient form of this pump is shown
in Fig. 4, and consists of a flexible bulb attached to the ink well, having an air
passage between it and the ink well, and between it and the exterior air.
When it
is desired to use it to clear out the pen, the finger or thumb is placed upon the air
opening of the bulb, and the bulb is compressed, forcing ink through the tube
and pen.
It is of importance, in telautographic instruments, that a single strip of paper
should be used for the transmitting and receiving pens, and that the writing fields of
the two pens should be contiguous to each other, in order to secure compactness in
the instrument. Such an arrangement is impossible, however, unless provision is
made for preventing the pen arms from interfering with each other. The arrangement
has been attempted by providing means for causing the receiving pen to move away
at the completion of its work, to a position outside of its writing field. This,

page_text: however, introduces a complication into the connections of the system, which it
is desirable to avoid.
In the present invention, this arrangement is made practicable by placing the pen
arins of one of the pens at a higher level than the pen arms of the other. This
is accomplished by making the pen or pencil peint of the upper pair of arms longer
that the point of the lower pair of arms, and mounting the other ends of the arms
correspondingly higher, as shown in Fig. 15, or the same effect may be secured by
curving downward the ends of the upper pair of arms near the pen or pencil, as
shown in Fig. 2. An equivalent construction for lengthening the pen point attached
to the upper pair of arms, or curving these arms, is to place the paper on two different
levels under the two pens respectively, as shown in Fig. 14. The transmitting and
receiving instruments are placed on the same base, and the two pairs of arms project
from their swinging points outward in the same direction, that pair which moves in
the higher plane projecting further than the other pair, so that its pencil point is free
to move on the paper without interfering with the lower arms. The transmitter pair of
arms are necessarily the uppermost, so that interference may be avoided, and for them
cords may be used instead of the stiff arms, and are to be regarded as the equivalents
thereof.
A convenient method of attaching the pen points to the pen arms is shown in
Figs. 12 and 13. One arm is united to the other by a clip 85, and the other arm is
embraced by two clips 86, 87, inserted in the hollow end of one of the arms, and
united outside the pen point by a screw.
It will be noticed that the casing for the telautograph is shown with an extension
for the writing fields, having on each side a compartment for the master switch on
one side, and the platen contacts and the pen lifting circuit connections on the
other: This is a desirable arrangement, in that it permits ready access to these
parts of the apparatus without disturbing the main case.
It is obvious that many modifications may be made in the various parts of the
apparatus, without departing from the invention; for instance, in place of the auxiliary
armature for the magnets X X', the same result can be secured by the addition of
another magnet with the proper circuit connections, the armature of this second
magnet operating in the same way as the armature 41.
The effect secured by means of the circuit made and broken by the contacts on
the escapement lever will be secured by the use of an additional magnet with proper
circuit connections. It is well known that the excursions of the arinature of a magnet
when the impulses rapidly succeed each other, are smaller than when the impulses are
less frequent. Consequently, a magnet additional to those shown, with a contact
provided on its armature playing against a stop when the impulses energizing the
magnet were slow, and not touching the stop when the impulses were rapid, would
perform the same function as that performed by the escapement lever and stop 42
and the circuit connections.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
froin abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a telautographic system, the combination of mechanism for sending
pulsations of successively alternate polarity for controlling the operation of a
receiving pen, a reversing mechanism, a reversing relay in the circuit of said
pulsations, for controlling the operation of the reversing mechanism, the saine being
controlled by changes in the strength of said pulsations, and means whereby the
action of the reversing relay is effected by changes in the rapidity of the succession
of said pulsations, substantially as set forth.
2. In a telautographic system, the combination of mechanism for sending
pulsations of successively alternate polarity, for controlling the operation of a
receiving pen, a reversing mechanism, a reversing relay in the circuit of said
pulsations, for controlling the operation of the reversing mechanism, the same being

page_text: controlled by changes in the strength of said pulsations, a circuit maker and breaker
controlled by variations in the speed of the pulsations, and means whereby the operation
of the last-named circuit maker and breaker is caused to prevent false movement of
the reversing relay, substantially as described.
3. In a telautographic system, the combination of mechanism for sending
pulsations of successively alternate polarity, for controlling the operation of a
receiving pen, a reversing mechanism, a reversing relay in the circuit of said
pulsations, for controlling the operation of the reversing mechanism, the same being
controlled by changes in the strength of said pulsations, a magnet governing the
reversing mechanisin, a locking circuit operated by the reversing relay in one of its
positions, and a circuit and connections operated by changes in the rapidity of
succession of said pulsations, which controls the magnetic condition of the reversing
magnet, substantially as described.
4. In the sending of telautographic messages the method of preventing false action
of the reversing mechanism, due to increased frequency of to-and-fro pulsations,
which consists in causing variations in the rapidity of the succession of said
pulsations to control a circuit which offsets the tendency of the reversing mechanism
to make false movements under the influence of said variations in rapidity,
substantially as set forth.
5. The combination, in a telautographic system, of means for transmitting
pulsations of successively alternate polarity, to drive a receiving pen, a reversing relay
operated by changes in the strength of said pulsations, and a circuit controlled by the
rapidity of the succession of said pulsations, for preventing false operation of the
reversing relay, substantially as set forth.
6. In a telautographic system, the combination of means for sending pulsations of
successively reverse polarity, means for changing the strength of said pulsations, a
circuit controller operated by said changes of strength, and a circuit controller
operated by changes in the rapidity of the succession of said reverse pulsations, for
correcting the effects of rapidity in the succession of said pulsations upon the first
mentioned circuit controller, substantially as set forth.
7. In a telautographic system, the combination of a circuit, means for sending
pulsations therein of successively reverse polarity, a magnet in said circuit, a lever
caused to vibrate thereby, and a second circuit for performing a function in the
transmission of messages, said lever being a part of said second circuit, and operating
to close said circuit under one condition of frequency, and to leave said circuit open
under another condition of frequency, substantially as set forth.
8. In a telautographic system, the combination of means for sending pulsations of
successively reverse polarity, to drive a receiving pen, a reversing magnet, a reversing
relay operated by changes in strength of said pulsations, a locking circuit for
preventing false movements of the reversing relay affecting the reversing mechanism,
and means for releasing said locking circuit, when the direction of motion of the
transmitting pen is reversed, substantially as set forth.
9. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of means for shifting the paper
at the receiving station, means for causing the receiving pen to move in accordance
with the movements of the transmitting pen, means for stopping the receiving
instrument at a given position of the receiving pen, a circuit controller operated by
the force of the instrument tending to advance at the point when so stopped, and a
circuit controlled by said circuit controller, for controlling the paper shifting
mechanism, substantially as set forth.
10. In a telautographic instrument, as a means for shifting the paper at the
receiving station, the combination of a spring stop for arresting the movement of the
instrument at a given position of the receiving pen, a circuit controller operated by
the movement of said spring stop under the pressure of the instrument when arrested,
and a circuit controlled by said circuit controller, and in turn controlling the paper
shifting mechanism, substantially as set forth.
11. In a telautographic system, the combination of means for effecting a given
condition of the circuit, when the transmitting pen is placed at a given point in its

page_text: field, connections whereby, upon the bringing of said transmitting pen to said point,
the receiving pen is caused to travel to a corresponding point in the receiving field,
a stop for arresting the receiving mechanism, when the receiving pen has reached
said point, a circuit controller operated by the pressure of the receiving instrument,
due to its tendency to advance at said point, and a circuit controlled by said circuit
controller, for operating the paper shifting mechanism, whereby unison is effected,
and the paper shifted, by one operation, substantially as set forth.
12. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of a motor, a mechanism
for storing power to drive the receiving pen operated by the motor, means for
disconnecting the motor from the said inechanism, when the normal amount of power
is stored therein, and a paper shifting mechanisın, also operated by the motor,
substantially as set forth.
13. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of a motor, a pen driving
mechanism connected therewith, and operated thereby, a motor circuit for causing
the motor to operate upon the pen-driving mechanism, a paper-shifting mechanism
also operated by the motor, and an independent motor circuit for causing the motor
to operate the paper shifting mechanism, when the other moter circuit is open;
substantially as set forth.
14. As a means for operating a frictional clutch, the combination of a magnet, a
pivoted armature therefor, a bar pivoted to the armature and carrying the
inovable member of the clutch, a stop for said bar, and a spring, substantially as set
forth.
15. As a means for operating a frictional clutch, the combination of a magnet for
moving the movable member of the clutch in one direction, a spring for moving it in
the other direction, a pivoted armature for the magnet, and a bar pivoted to the
arinature, and carrying the movable member of the clutch, whereby the tension upon
the clutch member is, in both positions, equal to the tension of the spring, substantially
as set forth.
16. The combination of magnet X', armature 30, bar 38, pivoted thereto,
spring 39, stop 40, and a clutch member mounted upon bar 38, substantially as set
forth.
17. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of a transmitting and
receiving pen, and mechanism for operating the same, mounted upon the same
base, two pairs of arms, one for each pen projecting from the operating mechanism
in the same direction, and overlapping each other, and being mounted to move
in different horizontal planes, the upper pair of said pairs of arms carrying the
transmitting pen, and projecting beyond the lower pair, so that the pens may
operate upon writing fields contiguous to each other, without interference,
substantially as described.
18. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of a transmitting and receiving
pen, and mechanism for operating the same, mounted upon the same base, two
pairs of arins, one for each pen projecting from the operating mechanism in the
same direction, and overlapping each other, and being mounted to move in
different horizontal planes, the upper pair of said pairs of arins carrying the
transmitting pen, and projecting beyond the lower pair, and being curved down-
ward near the point where they are attached to the pen, so that the pens may
operate upon writing fields contiguous to each other without interference, substantially
as described.
19. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of the space key, by
operating which, the unison and shifting of the paper is effected, a master switch by
means of which the instrument is thrown from the transmitting to the receiving
position, and vice versu, and interlocking mechanism between the space key and the
master switch, such that, when the space key is operated, the master switch is
released, and caused to move to transmitting position, substantially as set forth.
20. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of a master switch for
changing the instrument from transmitting to receiving position, a spring for holding
the switch normally in transmitting position, a catch for holding the switch in

page_text: receiving position, and a paper shifting and unison switch controlling said catch, and
releasing the master switch when operated, substantially as set forth.
21. The combination of a transinitting pen, the "Prony" brake 16, the three
resistances R1, R2, R3, and circuit connections, whereby the pulsations sent to line
are reduced by the resistance R³, for moving the pen in one direction, and by the
resistances R², plus R³, for moving the pen in the other direction, and by the
resistances R', R2, and R³, when the Prony brake is in an intermediate position,
substantially as set forth.
22. As a means for sending pulsations of increased strength to line, upon the
lowering or the raising of the transmitting pen, the combination of magnets D, D¹,
and arinatures therefor, pivoted, block 29, having a contact plate 28, springs 26, 27,
and circuit connections, substantially as set forth.
23. In a telautographic instrument, the combination of a motor, a circuit therefor,
a pen-driving mechanism connected therewith, and operated upon when said circuit
is closed thereby, a paper shifting mechanism also operated by the motor, an
independent circuit for the motor, and means for controlling said independent
circuit, when it is desired to shift the paper at times when the first-named circuit is
broken, substantially as set forth.
24. The combination with a telautographic pen, of an ink reservoir, a tube of small
diameter connecting the pen with the ink reservoir, and a force pump for operating
upon the ink in the reservoir, to clear out the tube and pen, substantially as set
forth.
25. The combination with a telautographic pen, of an ink reservoir, a tube of small
diameter connecting the pen with the reservoir, and a compressible bulb with an
aperture therethrough, for applying pressure to the ink in the reservoir, substantially
as set forth.