Improvements in and relating to Stoves, Register Grates, and Cooking Ranges.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 27th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 24th Nov., 1894'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Stoves, Register Grates, and
Cooking Ranges.
We, JOHN NICOL MITCHELL, Manager, and WILLIAM MORRISON, Foreman,
both of Parkhouse Iron Works Falkirk, in the County of Stirling, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It relates to stoves, register grates and cooking ranges and has for its chief
objects:
1st. To provide them or some of them with improved moveable flue appliances
adapting them for use alternately with either an open or closed top to the fire:
2nd. To adapt the said moveable flue for use as a damper in closing and opening
one or more apertures leading into the chimney:
3rd. To effect the consumption of smoke emitted from the fires contained
therein:
4th. To clear the fires contained therein of fine ashes:
5th. To increase the efficiency of some of them for heating ovens:
6th. To regulate the currents, hot or cold, which pass through their fire spaces:
7th. To adapt the fire places thereof for use alternately as slow or quick
combustion ones.
In carrying out the two first above named objects in connection with a stove or
cooking range having a hot plate and fire cover we construct a moveable flue piece
as hereafter described for resting upon the hob behind the fire when its cover plate
is removed and capable of being stowed away within or upon the chimney when
the said cover plate is replaced upon the fire.
This moveable flue piece is more or less in the form of a box, and is sometimes
made of two principal parts telescoped one upon the other. When it is placed on
ihe hob it exhibits an opening at the front for admission of smoke from the open
fire and another at the top for its passage into the chimney. The opening at the
top is generally shielded by a dome or cover. When the chimney or flue space
behind the stove or range is too small to receive a large flue piece or the circum-
stances of the case render an extra forward projection of the flue piece upon the
hob necessary we fit a second skeleton box inside the first one the latter is adapted
for being drawn out from the first named box flue and thus lengthening it upon the
hob. This second or inner flue piece, contains openings for the passage of smoke
corresponding to those in the outer box.
The smoke does not pass through this flue box from front to back but from front
to top and thence into the chimney in the front plate of which an aperture is
provided for the purpose.
When it is intended to stow away the flue box within the chimney an aperture is
made in the front plate thereof corresponding in size to the dimensions of the flue
box. The box itself is in this last named case pivotted to the hob and chimney
When the flue
frout and adapted for being revolved back to front and rice versa.
box is turned outwards and resting upon the hob the back plate of the box closes
the space or aperture contained in the chimney plate for its manipulation: the
smoke aperture above it being open, and a free passage exists from the front
opening of the box into the chimney. Upon reversing the position of the box as
last described by revolving it upon its pivots into the chimney a part of its roof

page_text: plate projects in a forward direction and closes the lower part of the smoke canopy:
the smoke and heat proceeding up from the boiler flue has free passage through
the flue box when it is thus stowed away in the chimney, and the back plate of the
box fills up the aperture in the chimney plate.
When the chimney is too shallow to receive the flue box as above described we
do not make any aperture in the chimney plate for its reception nevertheless we
make the smoke vent therein and when the flue box is not in use on the hob
we raise it above the hob and support it upon the chimney front plate, covering
with it the said smoke vent.
The smoke canopy above the flue box is sometimes attached to and forms part of
the flue box and is sometimes attached to and forms part of the chimney plate.
When this flue box is projected upon the hob the cover can be removed from
over the fire and the apparatus is an open fire stove: when the flue box is reversed
or removed the cover is replaced upon the fire.
Our third expressed object is effected by means of fire flues around and beneath
the fire the lining walls of the fire space, whether brick or metal form parts of fire
flues constructed behind them and which are open to the fire at the bottom or top
and sometimes at both top and bottom. A fire chamber or flue space is formed
beneath the fire bottom grate by placing a solid plate at a small distance beneath
the fire and closing the front of this chamber with a fret plate. The fret and
solid plates are variously attached to or separate from each other. This solid
base plate is sometimes hinged at the back so that it may be disengaged at
the front from a catch and lowered for removal of ashes which collect upon it,
or it may be drawn out like a shelf from supporting ledges. The fret is
sometimes perforated or made moveable for admission of air beneath the fire.
Sometimes we pierce the fire back with holes making one of such holes at the
extreme top and another at the bottom considerably larger than the others. The
fiery heat smoke and flame proceeding through the holes provided by the fire
back descends and passes close underneath the fire bottom grate before entering
the oven or boiler flue or passing into the chimney. One or both of the fire
space side walls is or are pierced with holes similarly to the fire back, and as
first described. The heat and flame which pierce through the fire wall nearest
to the oven do not pass underneath the fire bottom grate but proceed directly
to the top of oven: whilst the heat, which passes through the aperture formed
between that fire wall and the bottom grate is directed either to the top or
bottom of the oven by means of a dividing plate fixed in the flue space.
When the apparatus is furnished with an oven on each side of the fire space
right and left the last preceding rule applies to each oven and its fire side fües.
When there is only one oven or if more than one when it or they are Jn one
side
only of the fire we cause the fire or heat currents proceeding through and from the
back and opposite side cheek to unite beneath the fire and proceed thence to the
oven. Sometimes to its under side and sometimes to the top of it.
.
When the fret plate is opened to admit cold air beneath the fire we provide one
or more dampers in the oven flue to prevent the cold air obtaining access thereto;
and generally fit the flues with dampers for controlling and directing the flow of
beat currents therein.
We combine with our improvements any of the ordinary provisions for carrying
off an excess of smoke when lighting the fire but except when lighting the fire the
smoke proceeding from the top of it does not enter the chimney until it has passed
through one or more of the smoke burning flues adjoining the fire space, generally
passing either beneath the fire or beneath the boiler before entering the chimney.
The foregoing description indicates generally the methods and means whereby
we effect our fifth, sixth and seventh objects.
Our fourth object is effected by means of resting the fire bottom grate of a stove
register grate or cooking range loosely upon bearers, and adapting it for being
raised and lowered at the front edge so that the ashes lying upon it may be shaken
through its meshes by its agitation at the front.

page_text: When carrying out our invention in connection with a closed stove of any kind
or an open fire grate wherein coal or other solid fuel is burned the construction of
its fire chamber, lining walls, smoke consuming flues and ash removing contrivances
are the same in general character as those herein described relating to a cooking
range. Any difference which might be necessary would have reference to the
disposal of the heat current after it had passed through the smoke consuming flue
or Hues. The heat current in the case of ordinary closed heating stoves or open
fire grates would not be carried around an oven or boiler after it left the smoke
consuming chamber.
The quickening of the fire is effected by lowering or otherwise moving away the
solid plate beneath the fire or the fret plate; thereby admitting a current of
unburned air beneath the fire; the dampers are then operated to divert the
currents of fire, heat and flame into the flues without passing them beneath the fire
as above described.
We sometimes make the revolving or reversing operations of the flue box within
or out from the chimney to depend upon the motions of the fire cover; thus, by
means of one or more pins or projections, connecting the flue box and fire cover-
the latter is made to revolve the former as the fire cover is pushed backward or
drawn forward upon its ordinary supports.
Dated this 25th day of November 1893.
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
263, Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicants.
GUMI DID
Improvements in and relating to Stoves, Register Grates, and
Cooking Ranges.
We, JOHN NICOL MITCHELL, Manager, and WILLIAM MORRISON, Foreman,
both of Parkhouse Iron Works, Falkirk, in the County of Stirling, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
It relates to stoves, register grates and cooking ranges and has for its chief
objects:
1st. To provide them or some of them with improved moveable flue appliances
adapting them for use alternately with either an open or closed top to the fire:
2nd. To adapt the said moveable flue for use as a damper in closing and opening
one or more apertures leading into the chimney :
3rd. To effect the consumption of smoke emitted from the fires contained
therein:
4th. To clear the fires contained therein of fine ashes:
5th. To increase the efficiency of some of them for heating ovens:
6th. To regulate the currents, hot or cold which pass through their fire spaces:
7th. To adapt the fire places thereof for use alternately as slow or quick
combustion ones.
In carrying out the two first above named objects in connection with a stove or
cooking range having a hot plate and fire cover we construct a moveable flue piece
as hereafter described for resting upon the hob behind the fire when its cover plate
is removed and capable of being stowed away within or upon the chimney when the
said cover plate is replaced upon the fire.
This moveable flue piece is more or less in the form of a
made of two principal parts telescoped one upon the other.
the hob it exhibits an opening at the front for admission of
fire and another at the top for its passage into the chimney.
box, and is sometimes
When it is placed on
smoke from the open
The opening at the

page_text: top is generally shielded by a dome or cover. When the chimney or flue space
behind the stove or range is too small to receive a large flue piece or the circum-
stances of the case render an extra forward projection of the flue piece upon the
bob necessary we fit a second skeleton box inside the first one adapted for being
drawn out from the first named box fiue and thus lengthening it upon the hob:
This second or inner flue piece contains openings for the passage of smoke
corresponding to those in the outer box.
The smoke does not pass through this flue box from front to back but from
front to top and thence into the chimney in the front plate of which an aperture is
provided for the purpose.
When it is intended to stow away the flue box within the chimney an aperture
is made in the front plate thereof corresponding in size to the dimensions of the
flue box. The box itself is in this last named case pivotted to the hob and chimney
front and adapted for being revolved back to front and vice versa.
When the flue
box is turned outwards and resting upon the hob the back plate of the box closes
the space or aperture contained in the chimney plate for its manipulation: the
smoke aperture above it being open, and a free passage exists from the front
opening of the box into the chimney. Upon reversing the position of the box as
last described by revolving it upon its pivots into the chimney a part of its roof
plate projects in a forward direction and closes the lower part of the smoke
canopy the smoke and heat proceeding up from the boiler flue has free passage
through the flue box when it is thus stowed away in the chimney, and the back
plate of the box fills up the aperture in the chimney plate.
When the chimney is too shallow to receive the flue box as above described we
do not make any aperture in the chimney plate for its reception, nevertheless we
make the smoke vent therein and when the flue box is not in use we raise it above
the hob and support it upon the chimney frout plate, covering with it the said
smoke vent.
The smoke canopy above the flue box is sometimes attached to and forms part
of the flue box and is sometimes attached to and forms part of the chimney plate.
When this flue box is projected upon the hob the cover can be removed from
over the fire and the apparatus is an open fire stove; when the flue box is reversed
or removed the cover is replaced upon the fire.
Our third expressed object is effected by means of fire flues around and beneath
the fire the lining walls of the fire space, whether brick or metal form parts of fire
flues constructed behind them and which are open to the fire at, the bottom or top
and sometimes at both top and bottom. A fire chamber or flue space is formed
beneath the fire bottom grate by placing a solid plate at a small distance beneath
the fire and closing the front of this chamber with a fret plate. The fret and solid
plates are variously attached to or separate from each other. This solid base plate
is sometimes hinged at the back so that it may be disengaged-at the front from a
catch and lowered for removal of ashes which collect upon it, or it may be drawn
out like a shelf from supporting ledges. The fret is sometimes perforated or made
moveable for admission of air beneath the fire sometimes we pierce the fire back
with holes making one of such at the extreme top and another at the bottom
considerably larger than the others. The fiery heat smoke and flame proceeding
through the holes provided by the fire back descends and passes close underneath
the fire bottom grate before entering the oven or boiler Hue or passing into the
chimney. One or both of the fire space side walls is or are pierced with holes
similarly to the fire back, and as first described. The beat and flame which pierce
through the fire wall nearest to the oven do not pass underneath the fire botton
grate but proceed directly to the top of oven: whilst the heat which passes through
the aperture formed between that fire wall and the bottom grate is directed eithe
to the top or bottom of the oven by means of a dividing plate fixed in the flu
Брасе.
When the apparatus is furnished with an oven on each side of the fire spac
right and left the last preceding rule applies to each oven and its fire side flues.

page_text: When there is only one oven or if more that one when it or they are on one side
only of the fire we cause the fire or heat currents proceedings through and from the
back and opposite side cheek to unite beneath the fire and proceed thence to the
oven. Sometimes to its under side and sometimes to the top of it.
When the fret plate is opened to admit cold air beneath the fire we provide a
damper in the oven flue to prevent the cold air obtaining access thereto; and
generally fit the flues with dampers for controlling and directing the flow of heat
currents therein.
We combine with our improvements any of the ordinary provisions for carrying
off an excess of smoke when lighting the fire but except when lighting the fire the
smoke proceeding from the top of it does not enter the chimney until it has passed
through one or more of the smoke burning flues adjoining the fire space, generally
passing either beneath the fire or beneath the boiler before entering the chimney.
The foregoing description indicates generally the methods and means whereby
we effect our fifth, sixth and seventh objects.
Our fourth object is effected by means of resting the fire bottom grate of a stove
register grate or cooking range loosely upon bearers and adapting it for being
raised and lowered at the front edge so that the ashes lying upon it may be shaken
through its meshes by agitation at the front.
When carrying out our invention in connection with a closed stove of any kind
or an open fire grate wherein coal or other solid fuel is burned the construction of
its fire chamber, lining walls, smoke consuming flues and asb removing contrivances
are the same in general character as those herein described relating to a cooking
range. Any difference which might be necessary would have reference to the
disposal of the heat current after it had passed through the smoke consuming flue
or flues. The heat current in affected by lowering or otherwise moving away the
solid plate beneath the fire or the fret plates; thereby admitting a current of
unburned air beneath the fire; the dampers are then operated to divert the currents
of fire heat and flame into the flues without passing them beneath the fire us above
described.
We sometimes make the revolving or reversing operations of the flue box within
or out from the chimney to depend upon the motions of the fire cover; thus, by
means of one or more pins or projections connecting the flue box and fire cover-
the latter is made to revolve the former as the fire cover is pushed backward or
drawn forward upon its ordinary supports.
This invention will be better understood if reference is made to the accompanying
drawings in which :-
Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a cooking range fitted with our improvements,
with parts open.
Fig. 2 is a view in perspective somewhat resembling Fig. 1. but with parts
closed and another open.
Fig. 3. is a view in section through A. A. of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4. is a view in section through B. B. of Fig. 2.
Figs. 5. 6. and 7 are views of a moveable plate.
Similar letters of reference throughout these illustrations indicate corresponding
parts.
The parts marked C Figs. 1 to 4 represent the revolving flue box: those
marked C¹ a duplicate telescopic or skeleton portion for lengthening the flue :
Care pivots and Care parts in which the pivots revolve: C' is a roof plate
of C, and C an extension of it, and C is its back plate whilst C represents
the dome or canopy for covering the apertures C and C for the passage of
smoke and flame into the chimney. The skeleton box C¹ is fitted within the
Hue box C and moves in and out within it, resting upon bearers and restrained
by catches and when it is pushed fully into it, the double box can be revolved
upon the pivots C³ until its back plate C is the only part visible this back
plate closes the cut away part of the cove plate D. within which the flue box
revolves. E represents the cover plate of the fire, F a back boiler, G the fire

page_text: bars, H the fire chamber, ' a flue opening, J a moveable fire bottom grate,
K back of fire k¹. flue openings, a flue baffle plate, L, M, N, S, flues,
na damper, P and p¹ moveable flue plates, p², p³ Alue battles Q and g¹ frett plates,
a catch. Ra frett plate.
The cove plate D is a short one leaving an opening beneath it for insertion
and operation of the flue box C which is pivotted at C2 C2 to the parts CC
connected with the said cove plate. The canopy C7 is removable and attached
to the plate D by means of the books dd. This canopy is open at its back C
and at its base which alternately covers the opening C Fig. 3 in the flue box C
or the extension plate C³ Fig. 4.
The flue box C is shewn projected forward to its fullest extent upon the hob
in Figures 1 and 3 and the fire cover E is removed adapting the apparatus for
open fire purposes, the arrows shewing the directions taken by the several heat
currents.
If the skeleton box part C' is pushed back into the box C and the latter
revolved back to front as shewn in Figs. 2 and 4, and the plate E placed over
the fire again the range is adapted for close fire purposes.
If the flue. N is too small for the reception of this moveable flue appliance C
and its accessories we fix the canopy upon the roof plate C and make the box
without any extension plate C' so that when an open fire is not required this
box flue can be taken from the hob and suspended upon the plate D where the
back plate C covers the aperture C8 and the plate D is continued down to
the hob.
The fire bottom grate J is loose and capable of being raised and lowered at the
front and vibrated against the fire bar frame G for the purpose of scattering the
fine ashes upon the plates P or p' the handle j¹ and pivots may be used if desired
for these purposes.
The plate P is pivotted to parts of the apparatus at and when the catch y
Figs. 1 and 2 is removed the plate P can be lowered for removal of ashes and
other purposes, as shown in Fig. 2 and by dotted lines in Fig. 4: p¹ is a modi-
fication of the plate P, and is not pivotted to the structure but is combined with
a frett plate in lieu of the fixed frett R. The frett plates R or r, may
have grated or other openings such as the grated ventilator shewn in Fig. 7,
for admitting air beneath the fire when required.
The baffle plate p' fixed upon P or pl is for diverting the heat current which
passes under the fire towards the oven flues in the manner indicated by the arrows
in Figs. 2 and 5. Fig. 6 shews a further variation of the plate P or p' having two
baffles på for use where the range has an oven on each side of the fire. The object
for which these baffles are introduced beneath the fire is to compel the heat current
beneath the fire to make as long a stay there as possible in order that any unburnt
smoke may be thoroughly consumed before proceeding to the oven flues. The
baffles p p are not necessarily attached to or part of the plates P or pl.
When a fire is lighted in the chamber H and the cover E placed over it, the
damper n should be pulled out, as shewn in Fig. 3. The principal apertures
leading from the fire chamber H into the flues are at the lower part such as h¹
and Figures 3 and 4: the aperture marked is a very small one in the fire back
to carry away such smoke as may not be able to proceed downwards to the lower
apertures. When the sinoke proceeds through into the flue L it is met by the
flame which passes through which contributes to burn it: the combined current
then proceeds into the chamber S beneath the fire contained between J and P
where it is further subjected to the heat of the fire above it as it passes onwards to
the other flues.
After the hot current leaves this chamber S beneath the fire it is controlled and
directed by any ordinary damping appliance: such direction control and appliances
form no part of this invention.
If the ventilator Fig. 7. is opened it admits cold air beneath the fire for
quickening combustion when the cover E is removed. In the absence of a

page_text: ventilator the plate p r may be drawn forward or removed and thus admit air
beneath the fire for quickening combustion. Access may be obtained to the flue N
by the removal of C from the hooks d'independently of the passage afforded
through C, C and C7 when the apparatus is working as an open fire one.
We are aware that moveable flue appliances of a telescopic character for open
and close fire purposes; also pivotted flue pieces therefor, turning upon pivots into
the back fine: perforated fire backs: descending flues behind fire back fire
bottom grates pivotted at the rear and operated at the front; fire cover recesses
above the boilers and removable drawers beneath fires have been made in connection
with stoves, register grates and cooking ranges prior to our invention: it will
therefore be understood that we do not claim such things broadly as our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
:-
1st. In a stove or cooking range the combination therewith of a moveable flue
piece C pivotted at C2, C3 top and bottom and adapted for being revolved, back to
front by lateral movements, all substantially as herein described and drawn or any
mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
2nd. In a stove or cooking range the combination therewith of the moveable
revolving flue C, C and canopy C all substantially as herein described and drawn
or any mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
3rd. In a stove or cooking range the combination therewith of a removeable flue
piece C and canopy C' substantially as herein described and for the purposes
specified.
4th. In a stove the combination therewith of the smoke combustion chamber S,
formed between and by parts J, P, p r all substantially as herein described and
drawn or any mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
5th. In a register grate the combination therewith of the smoke combustion
chamber S, formed between and by the. parts J, P, p', R or all substantially as
herein described and drawn or any mere modification thereof for the purposes
specified.
6th. In a cooking range the combination therewith of the smoke combustion
chamber S, formed between and by the parts J, P, p R or as and for the
purpose herein described with reference to the drawing.
7th. In a stove or register grate the combination therewith of the moveable fire
botiem grate J adapted for being agitated against the apparatus as and for the
purpose specified with reference to the drawings.
8th. In a cooking range the combination therewith of the moveable fire bottom
grate J adapted for being agitated against the apparatus all substantially as
herein described and drawn or any mere modification thereof for the purpose
specified.
9th. In a stove or register grate the combination therewith of the pivotted
plate P or draw-out plate p r as and for the purposes specified with reference
to the drawings.
10th. In a cooking range the combination therewith of the pivotted plate P or
draw-out plate p¹¹ all substantially as herein described and drawn or any mere
modification thereof for the purposes specified.
Dated this 26th day of September 1894.
JOSEPH
LOCKWOOD,
263; Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicants.