IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE AND OTHER SHOES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO METAL BOOT HEELS AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1860

page_text: Пехана
Stocker,
nampton,
in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE AND OTHER SHOES, AND IN THE
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN, PART OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO METAL BOOT HEELS AND VARIOUS
OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 26th April 1861, and dated the 29th October 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Southwood
Stocker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th October 1860.
I, ALEXANDER SOUTHWOOD STOCKER, of Wolverhampton, in the County of
Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE AND OTHER SHOES, AND IN
THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN, PART OF WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO METAL BOOT HEELS AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES,"
to be as follows:-
I form iron, steel, steel and iron, steel iron, and iron or steel iron by rolling
any of the before-named metals or compounds in desirable varying thicknesses,
sections, configurations and patterns. A pair of rolls or dies, and rolls
together are constructed so as to produce any given article of the figure

page_text: required by having impressions or counterparts of the articles to be produced
formed thereon. A bar of metal of suitable dimensions is passed through a
pair of rolls causing its figure to be altered according with them. In soine
instances metal over and above the article intended to be made is allowed to
flush over or around it, forming a fin or web, which is afterwards removed by
clipping. The tools or apparatus for this purpose are cast to the desired
form required, avoiding thereby the usual fitting, hardening, and tempering.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Southwood Stocker in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th April 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
SOUTHWOOD STOCKER, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Manufac-
turer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alexander Southwood Stocker, Her special licence that I, the said
Alexander Southwood Stocker, my executors, administrators, and assigns
or such others as I, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE AND
OTHER SHOES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN,
PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO METAL BOOT HEELS AND
VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Alexander Southwood Stocker, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to the manufacture and forming of iron, steel,
steel iron, steel and iron, and steel iron and iron, by rolling either of these
metals alone or in their amalgamated or combined state into suitable shapes,
configurations, and patterns that may be found to be necessary or desirable
for horses and other shoes, metal boot heels, and various other articles of
commerce to accomplish which I proceed in the following manner, viz.,
we will suppose that I am now going to produce an article commercially
known in the market as a Scotch heel tip. I take a pair of rolls of suitable
diameter like those generally used for rolling iron and so cut or sink upon and
all round the surface of one of them at convenient distances apart as to
produce a series of moulds or dies of the shapes and forms required, and into
which recesses, dies, or moulds the metal is forced by the pressure of the
opposite roll in its revolution, the different articles thus formed in the several
moulds sunk in or upon the surface of the roll are held together by a thin
web or waste of iron which I afterwards cut away in the following manner :-
The articles having been rolled are divided from the thin flat web or waste
by a pair of cutting tools commonly known as clipping tools, which may be
fixed in a fly or other press, the configuration of which at their cutting parts
being of the precise shape of the article intended to be divided or cut out of the
web or waste which surrounds the various articles which have been rolled, the
articles when so clipped from the web or waste are done with so far as this
part of my Invention goes, and may be finished in any ordinary and well
known method now in use, the clipping tools to which I refer I make by
casting them to the shape and size in every way in their cutting parts of
the article intended by them to be produced, and I adopt for this purpose
the metal technically called and known as malleable cast iron, and I use
and work these tools in their hard and unannealed state, viz., from the
natural castings.
And I claim the employment and manufacture of clipping tools generally
when so made. This part of my Invention avoids considerable expense in
forging them of iron and steel, also great labor, time, and expense in the
usual chipping, filing, turning, shaping, and hardning, and tempering as is
usually practised, and the rolls which I use may be solid metal, composed
either of cast or wrought iron or steel, or part iron and part steel made up
into a roll consisting of separate pieces having on parts of them a series of cast
or other dies with the counterparts of the various articles intended to be
produced provided thereon or therein, which dies may be fitted, screwed,

page_text: keyed, or otherwise fastened to the rolls in many various and convenient ways,
which would readily suggest itself to the workman. Now the essential feature
of this part of my Invention being the formation of articles surrounded by a
web or waste when so produced by the aid of rollers, it will render it unneces-
sary after the foregoing déscription for me to further describe the manufacture
of any other articles (which may be many and various) to be made by the
same process to carry out this part of my Invention, for I proceed to manufacture
all articles according with this part of my Invention precisely in the same
manner, and although I have mentioned a particular manner in which thesé
rollers may be made, they may be made in various ways without departing from
my Invention, or a segment of one circle working to and fro or backward or
forward motion upon or over; a flat planed sliding bed in lieu of a pair of rollers
may be used, or other similar means resorted to for forming or pressing a con-
tinuous bar or string of articles surrounded by a web or waste of metal
rendered necessary to be removed by the aid of clipping as before described.
When I desire to improve the manufacture of any articles produced and
surrounded by a web or waste of metal in accordance with this part of my
Invention requiring them to be more durable and lasting, such for instance, as
horses and other shoes, boot heels, and other articles requiring to be harder,
I provide and employ for this purpose bars, which are composed of iron and
steel iron welded together, both being two different constitutions, one being hard
and rigid, and therefore more durable, while the other is fibrous and ductile,
rendering the article to be made less liable to break by ordinary wear and usage,
the same method is pursued in the rolling and formation of the articles out of
this compounded metal, as that herein-before explained, and in some
instances I roll and form articles according with my Invention out of steel
and iron when manufactured as the steel iron and iron before referred to, also
out of steel iron in its entirety, and also out of steel in its entirety, and
I improve and facilitate the manufacture of horses and other shoes when made
of steel, or steel and iron welded together, bars by grooving, seating, fullering,
thickening, and dividing, or partially dividing them by operating upon them by
the aid of rollers at such places as may be desirable for the purposes
intended, such bars as well as those herein-after referred to being produced
without any web or waste whatever.
The final part of my Invention consists in dividing or partially dividing bars
of iron into any desired or given lengths applicable to the manufacture of shoe
heels or toe tips by fixing cutters or dividers at certain given distances apart
in the present ordinary rolls as now used for rolling what is called tip iron
which in some instances (say, with iron rolled with countersinks for the nail

page_text: heads therein) when this course is pursued will be found to work with con-
siderable advantage, for instance, there is no method pursued at present to rule
the accuracy of dividing these bars into their proper lengths and equally
between the countersinks, causing thereby untrue and unmarketable goods to
be made at the same time, the process as now pursued being attended with con-
siderable waste and scrap, whereas by proceeding in the manner I have
described all the bars will be divided in a scientific manner remedying thereby
the disadvantages to which I have referred, it will be evident when the bar
has been delivered through the rolls divided or nearly severed into the various
and desired lengths that the advantages gained will be clear without further
detail.
Having now described the manner which I pursue to carry out the
Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent I
would observe that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein set
forth, for it may be varied in any convenient manner, so that I do not depart
from my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Southwood Stocker, have
hereunto set my band and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
ALEX. S. STOCKER. (L.S.)