IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GAS BURNERS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING." A cominunication from
abroad by Jules Emile Marrel, of Paris, France.
Sealed the 2nd December 1879, and dated the 12th June 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1879.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING.”
[A communication from abroad by Jules Emile Marrel, of Paris, France.]
This Invention relates to the combination of two or more ordinary gas burners
placed in such contiguity that the flames they emit by their juxtaposition form one
only. The illuminating power is thereby increased, for with two contiguous jets it
is considerably superior to that obtained with the same two burning separately,
without augmenting the consumption of gas, and the same advantage is gained as
regards heating power.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the Invention by way of example only, as
the forms and dimensions may be varied as found desirable in practice. Figures 1
and 2 are a front and side elevation of the double burner of this Invention, and
Figure 3 is a vertical section thereof in the plane of the axis of the two jet tubes;
Figure 4 shows a double burner provided with two pairs of contiguous jet tubes.
The same letters of reference represent similar parts in all the Figures.
a and bare two distinct jet tubes rising from a base or socket c fixed on the
supply pipe d; these jet tubes are provided with batswing burners, for example,
and it is essential they should be parallel in order that the two flames shall be in
juxtaposition; e, f, are two cocks fitted in conical seats in their socket c for the
independent regulation of each jet. A single cock may however be used, having a
number of thoroughfares suitably disposed; in Figure 3 there are four ways g, h,
i, j, in the socket c, which may be varied in construction according to the number

page_text: of the contiguous burners; Figure 4 represents an arrangement of two pairs of
contiguous jet tubes, each regulated independently by means of a separate tap.
This system of burner is applicable both for interior and out door illumination,
and for the latter prosent the further advantage that besides the superior illumi-
nation with the saine consumption of gas a saving may be effected by extinguishing
one of the two jets after a certain hour at night when so much light is not required.
Similarly three or more jets may be combined, and any number of them be
extinguished when it is desired to reduce the lighting power.
The Invention, as before mentioned, may also be applied to gas heating apparatus
of all kinds. In this case instead of two burners, as above described, two or more
ring or other shaped burners or jet tubes, such as generally used in gas heating
apparatus, would be juxtaposed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th December 1879.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING."
A communication from abroad by Jules Emile Marrel, of Paris, France.
This Invention relates to a system of twin gas burner composed of a combination
of two or more ordinary burners, jet tubes, nipples, or orifices, placed in such con-
tiguity that the jets they emit unite and form one flame only, whereby the illumi-
nating power is greatly increased. Two contiguous jets or flames so combined
afford, without any increase in the consumption of gas, a considerably superior light
to that obtained with the same two burning separately, and a corresponding
advantage is gained as regards heating power.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate two arrangements of the Invention, which
are given by way of example only, as the forms and dimensions may be varied as
found desirable in practice. Figures 1 to 6 show the first arrangement, and Figures
7 and 8 the second arrangement. Figure 1 is a front and Figure 2 a side elevation
of a twin burner of this Invention; Figure 3 is a vertical section thereof in the
plane of the axes of the two jet tubes; Figure 4 shows a twin burner capable of
being regulated by a single cock; and Figure 5, a transverse section of same taken
on line 1-2; Figure 6 shows a double twin burner formed of two pairs of con-
tiguous jet tubes, each pair giving a separate flame. The same letters of reference
represent similar parts in all the Figures. a and b are two distinct jet tubes rising
from a base or socket e fixed on the supply pipe d. These jet tubes are provided
with batswing burners or nipples, for example, and it is essential that their orifices
should be parallel or in such position that the broad surfaces of the two flames
shall be in juxtaposition; e, f, are two cocks for the independent regulation of each
jet fitted in the socket c, and controlling the four ways or passages g, h, i, j,
Figure 3, in the said socket. Any other arrangement may be adopted for shutting
off the supply of gas from any one of the burners. The form of socket c may be
varied in construction according to the number of contiguous burners, for example,
Figure 6 represents an arrangement of two pairs of twin jet tubes.
It will be readily seen that twin burners may be similarly combined in groups
of three or more instead of in pairs. When a single cock is employed for a pair of
twin jet tubes, as in Figures 4 and 5, either of which may be made to coincide with
the passages g, i, in the socket by which gas is admitted to the jet tube a, there are
two thoroughfares k, l, in the plug, and a single thoroughfare (parallel to the one ),
which may be made to coincide with the passages j, k, leading to the jet tube b, so
that when the handle m is in the vertical position shown the jet from a only can
be lighted, but by turning the handle to the dotted position m², Figure 1, Figure 5,
both jets can be lighted, while both will be extinguished when the handle is turned
to the position m². In any case the jet tubes are also each provided with a
separate cock, and also with a regulator if desired, rendering the consumption of
each jet independent of the others. This system of burner is applicable both for
lighting and heating interiors as well as for outdoor illumination, &c. One great
advantage peculiar to this system of burner is that any one or more of the con-
tiguous jets may be extinguished when it is desired to reduce the lighting power,
whereby a saving in the consumption of gas may be effected.
Figures 7 and 8 show an elevation and plan of another arrangement of twin
burner, in which the flame issuing from the orifices of a perforated cap covering
the annular space between two concentric tubes receives a supply of air both on its
interior and exterior. The orifices of the burners are so arranged that the jets shall
be contiguous both in the circumferential and radial directions, that is to say, these

page_text: orifices are arranged in concentric circles, and the flames are separated by radial air
channels for producing what the inventor terins centripetal currents, which join
the concentric currents of air and feed the flame with oxygen at its point of
emission. Thus a light of great intensity is obtained, owing to the flame being
enveloped on all sides with air. Such a burner effects an economy of 33 per cent.
of gas over an ordinary argand, giving the same amount of light, or gives a light of
33 per cent. greater intensity for an equal consumption of gas.
The burner is composed of a cap a of platinum or other metal stamped up in a
die, and of inner and outer concentric tubes b, c, fixed to inner and outer flanges of
the cap, and enclosing between them an annular space for the passage of the gas,
which is emitted through orifices & arranged in concentric circles in pairs radially
opposite one another in the raised or stamped up parts e of the cap, the depressions
between which form radial channels f, which separate the flames from each pair of
orifices, and induce centripetal currents of air. This same principle of centripetal
currents and radial channels may be adopted without the orifices being necessarily
radially opposite one another.
The improved system of burner of this Invention may be applied to gas heating
apparatus of all kinds, as well as to gas apparatus employed for soldering metals,
&c., in which case instead of two nipples or burners juxtaposed, as described, the
apparatus would be formed of two or more rings, tubes, &c., juxtaposed, and supplied
with centripetal currents of air or otherwise. The tubes may also be of other forms,
flat, for example, and placed parallel with cach other instead of concentrically, as
described; or I may employ, for example, either flat or circular tubes, having
groups of two, three, or more contiguous orifices; or a series of such tubes may be
contigously combined so as to form a system in which such contiguity is exhibited
in two directions, at right angles or at any other angle to each other. This improved
burner or apparatus may be constructed of metal, ceramic, or other material, and be
made of any form or dimensions.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1st. The improved gas burner consisting of twin nipples or burners juxtaposed in
groups of two or more, as shown and described.
2nd. The combination with twin jet tubes and burners, as described, of two or
more distinct cocks or their equivalent, whereby the consumption of each burner
may be regulated as desired.
3rd. The combination with twin jet tubes and burners, as described, of a single
three way cock or its equivalent, controlling the supply to each burner, as and for
the purpose set forth.
4th. The arrangement of ring burner, having circles of orifices contiguous to
each other, both circularly and radially, or in one or other of these directions, as
described.
5th. The different combinations of contiguous tubes of any form for heating
purposes, in which the contiguous orifices consist of two or more simple orifices
juxtaposed in one direction only, or in directions at any angle to each other, as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of December, in the year of our