Improvements in the Mode of and Machinery for Rivetting the Bottoms and. Sides of Ships, and other Work.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1805
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Mode of and Machinery for Rivetting the
Bottoms and. Sides of Ships, and other Work.
I, GEORGE BURTON HUNTER of Wallsend in the County of Northumberland,
Shipbuilder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to the rivetting of the bottom and sides of ships
nd other work and more particularly where gap rivetting machines cannot be
employed.
According to my invention, I effect the rivetting by means of two separate
machines, the one placed on the inside of the ship or at the corresponding side of
other work and preferably secured, in the case of a ship, to the reverse bars, and
the other placed on the outside or opposite side of the work and preferably secured,
in the case of a ship, to Z bars fixed to the outside of the shell plating by bolts
passing through the holes made for rivetting the frames of the ship to the plating
or through other holes. The outside machine preferably acts as the "holder up,"
whilst the inside machine forms the head on the rivet, the head in the case of a
ship with countersunk rivets being consequently formed on the inside of the ship
instead of on the outside as heretofore and the other or countersunk head of the
rivet being formed on the rivet before the rivet is put in place. By the use of two
machines as above described a ship can be rivetted wholly or partly by the machines
after having been completely plated.
For the purpose of my invention the two machines are preferably constructed,
fixed, adjusted and operated as hereinafter described.
Each machine has a hydraulic cylinder supported in a crosshead in which it can
be turned axially, though this axial movement is not necessary in the outside
machine. The crosshead is carried on beams along which it can be moved by hand
or by a screw or otherwise. The hydraulic cylinder may be of the usual type the
annular space at the smaller area of the piston or ram being connected with the
main hydraulic pressure in order to effect the return movement of the piston.
The cylinder of the inside machine is preferably made longer than that of the
outside machine to allow for the difference in depth of the floor plates due to the
"rise" of the ship's floors.
The beams above mentioned are connected together at about their middle and
again at their outer end by a crosshead. The middle crosshead is connected by
links to an inner crosshead and the whole machine can be turned or radially moved
on a pivot to bring the dies in line with the rivet, the pivot passing through this
inner crosshead and being secured to a foundation plate. The crosshead at the
outer end of the beams is supported by an adjusting screw which works through the
crosshead and has a shoe at the end which in the inside machine rests on a
quadrant or curved bar supported from the floors of the ship; in the outside
machine the shoe rests against the shell plating, or other surface that is being
rivetted.
The foundation plate of the inside machine is secured to the reverse bars and
that of the outside machine to Z bars on the outside of the shell by means of
hook bolts let into long slots in the foundation plate and tightened up by keys or
otherwise.
The die holder of the inside machine is preferably shaped so as to clear the
reverse bars; that of the outside machine is straight.

page_text: The rivet in countersunk work is put in from the outside instead of as hereto-
fore from the inside, the countersunk head being previously formed on the rivet
to fit into the countersink in the plate and the snap or pan head of the rivet is
formed by the inside machine. The face of the die of the outside machine fits
the top of the countersunk head, that is to say, if the head is convex or coned
the die face is correspondingly concave and if the countersunk head is to be
flush with the plate the die face is flat. The outside machine takes the place
of the holder up and the inside machine that of the rivetters so that the action
is the reverse of that in the method hitherto followed in doing the work whether
by hand or machine and the difficulty hitherto experienced in forming a flush or
nearly flush countersunk head on a rivet by hydraulic pressure after it is put into
the hole is obviated. The diameter of the cylinder of the outside machine is
preferably larger than that of the cylinder of the inside machine so as to ensure
that the rivet shall be well held up against the countersink.
The following special arrangement is preferably adopted for admitting the water
under pressure to the cylinders of the two machines either simultaneously, or as
1 prefer, to the cylinder of the outside machine first and then to that
of the inside machine. There is a regulating cock with inlet and outlet
and common to the two machines. This cock has two branches leading
respectively to the two machines one of these branches being carried through
the ship's side by any convenient rivet or other hole and connected by a gland
or otherwise to a flexible pipe leading to the machine; the said gland being
secured to a flange on the branch by bolts which can be passed through rivet or
other holes adjacent to the one that the branch passes through; there are long
slots in the flange and gland to allow for any variation of pitch that there may be
in the work. Or there may be two separate pipes for admitting the water under
pressure to the two machines respectively.
It is obvious that the construction of the machines and the means of fixing and
adjusting them may be considerably modified, the chief characteristic feature of
the invention being the use of two machines constructed with respect to each other
so as to act in combination, the one outside or on one side of the work and the other
inside or on the opposite side.
Dated this 20th day of April 1894.
J. C. MEW BURN,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.
Improvements in the Mode of and Machinery for Rivetting the
Bottoms and Sides of Ships, and other Work.
I, GEORGE BURTON HUNTER of Wallsend in the County of Northumberland,
Shipbuilder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to the rivetting of the bottom and sides of ships, and
other work, and more particularly where gap rivetting machines cannot be
employed.
According to my invention I effect the rivetting by means of two separate
machines, the one placed on the inside of the ship or on the corresponding side of
other work and preferably secured, in the case of a ship, to the reverse bars, and
the other placed on the outside or opposite side of the work and preferably secured,
in the case of a ship, to Z-bars fixed to the outside of the shell-plating by bolts
passing through the holes made for rivetting the frames of the ship to the plating,

page_text: "
or through other holes. The outside machine preferably acts as the " holder-up
whilst the inside machine forms the head on the rivet, the head in the case of a
ship with countersunk rivets being consequently formed on the inside of the ship
instead of on the outside as heretofore, and the other or countersunk head of the
rivet being formed on the rivet before the rivet is put in place. By the use of two
machines as above described a ship can be rivetted wholly or partly by the machines
after having been completely plated.
For the purpose of carrying out the mode of rivetting above set forth in the case
of a ship the two machines are preferably constructed, fixed, adjusted and operated
as hereinafter described.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side elevation of the two machines
in position as at work on the bottom of a ship. Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of the inside machine.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation on a larger scale of the hydraulic cylinder of the
inside machine.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of the hydraulic cock and connections through
the ship's side to both machines and Figure 5A is an end elevation of the same.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of the dies.
Each machine has a hydraulic cylinder 1 supported in a crosshead 2 in which it
can be turned axially, though this axial movement is not necessary in the outside
machine. 33 are cross handles for imparting the axial movement in the case of the
inside machine. The cross-head 2 is carried on beams 4 along which it can be
moved by hand or by a screw or otherwise. The hydraulic cylinder may be of the
usual type, the annular space 5 at the smaller area of the piston or ram (see
Figure 4) being connected with the main hydraulic pressure in order to effect the
return movement of the piston. The cylinder of the inside machine is preferably
made longer than that of the outside machine to allow for the difference in depth
of the floor plates due to the "rise" of the ship's floors. The piston rod 6 is
carried through the top of the cylinder and a hole 7 is bored through its centre
with outlets 8 into the cylinder for the influx and efflux of water to and from the
back of the piston; the hole 7 communicates with pipe 9 which is connected with
the piston rod 6 by a stuffing box 10 and a gland 11 or in any other convenient way
that will allow the hydraulic cylinder 1 to be turned freely on its axis.
The beams 4 above mentioned are connected together at about their middle by a
cross-head 12, and again at their outer end by a cross-head 17. The middle cross-
head 12 is connected by links 14 to a cross-head 13 and the whole machine can be
turned or radially moved on a pivot 15 to bring the dies in line with the rivet, the
pivot passing through the cross-bead 13 and being secured to a foundation plate 16.
The cross-head 17 at the outer end of the beams is supported by a screw 18 which
works through the cross-head and is adjustable by means of a hand wheel 19; the
screw 18 has a shoe 20 at the end which in the inside machine rests on a quadrant
or curved bar 21 supported from the floors of the ship; in the outside machine the
shoe rests against the shell-plating or other surface that is being rivetted.
The foundation plate 16 of the inside machine is secured to the reverse bars 22
and that of the outside machine to Z-bars 23 on the outside of the shell by means
of book bolts 24 let into long slots 25 in the foundation plate 16 and tightened up
by keys 26 or otherwise.
The die holder 27 of the inside machine is preferably shaped so as to clear the
reverse bars; the die holder 27* of the outside machine is straight.
The rivet in countersunk work is put in from the outside instead of as heretofore
from the inside, the countersunk head 30 (see Figure 6) being previously formed
on the rivet to fit into the countersink in the plate, and the snap or pan head of the
rivet is formed by the inside machine. The face of the die 29 of the outside
machine fits the top of the countersunk head that is to say if the head is convex or
coned as in Fig. 6 the die face is correspondingly concave, and if the countersunk
head is to be flush with the plate the die face is flat. The outside machine takes
the place of the "holder-up" and the inside machine that of the "rivetters
"
80 that

page_text: the action is the reverse of that in the method usually followed in doing the work
whether by hand or machine, and the difficulty hitherto experienced in forming a
flush or nearly flush countersunk head on a rivet by hydraulic pressure after it is
put into the hole is obviated. The diameter of the cylinder of the outside machine
is preferably larger than that of the cylinder of the inside machine so as to ensure
that the rivet shall be well held up against the countersink.
The following special arrangement is preferably adopted for admitting the water
under pressure to the cylinders of the two machines either simultaneously or as I
prefer to the cylinder of the outside machine first and then to that of the inside
machine. There is regulating cock 35 (see Figures 5 and 5) with inlet 36 and
outlet 37 common to the two machines. This cock has two branches 38 and 39
leading respectively to the two machines, the branch 39 being carried through the
ship's side by any convenient rivet or other hole and connected by a gland 41 or
otherwise to a flexible pipe 40 leading to the machine, the said gland being secured
to a flange 41ª on the branch 39 by bolts 42 which can be passed through rivet or
other holes adjacent to the one that the branch passes through; there are long
slots 43 in the flange and gland to allow for any variation of pitch that there may
be in the work. Or there may be two separate pipes for admitting the water under
pressure to the two machines respectively.
It is obvious that the construction of the machines and the means of fixing and
adjusting them may be considerably modified, the chief characteristic feature of the
invention being the use of two machines constructed with respect to each other so
as to act in combination, the one outside or on one side of the work, and the other
inside or on the opposite side.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what mauner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In the rivetting of the bottoms or sides of ships or other work, the use of two
separate machines, the one being placed on the inside of the ship or at the corre-
sponding side of other work and the other on the outside or opposite side of the
work, one machine acting as the "holder-up whilst the other forms the head on
the rivet, substantially as herein before described.
""
2. In countersunk rivetting work, inserting the rivets from the outside, the
countersunk heads being previously formed on them to fit into countersinks on the
plates, and then forming the snap or pan heads on the rivets by an inside machine,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The combination substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in
the accompanying drawings of two complete machines one on the one side of the
ship or work to act as a holder-up" and the other on the other side of the ship or
work to form the heads on the rivets as set forth.
"
4. The arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in
the accompanying drawings for fixing the machine to a ship's bottom or side.
5. The arrangement substantially as herein before described and represented in
the accompanying drawings whereby the machines can be radially moved and the
hydraulic cylinder moved axially and also made to traverse as and for the purpose
Bet forth.
6. The arrangement of the hydraulic regulating cock and connections substantially
as herein before described and represented in the accompanying drawings.
Deted this 5th day of January 1895.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agents.