IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND IN THE MODE OF ACTUATING THE SAME
Year: 1885

page_text: We RICHARD BALCOMBE Stonemason and NELSON BALCOMBE Bricklayer both
of Ticehurst in the County of Sussex do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR RAISING AND FORCING
WATER AND IN THE MODE OF ACTUATING THE SAME" to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a peculiar arrangement of lift and force pump and
means for driving or actuating the same whereby we are enabled to raise and force
water from any depth and with greater economy of power and to work the pump
at any distance froin the well.
According to our invention we employ a pair of cylinders disposed one above
the other and by preference in the same axial line, within each cylinder works a
piston or plunger fast on opposite ends of a piston rod common to the two the said
piston rod being connected to an oscillating connecting rod having a continuous
elongated slot at its upper end through which slot works the driving shaft. This
shaft carries a toothed pinion which gears into a straight rack or series of pins in
the head of the connecting rod so that on turning the shaft the pinion will gear
into the said rack on one side thereof and raise or lower the connecting rod and on
arriving at the top or bottom of the rack, will pass round the end thereof and will
gear with its opposite side thereby reversing the motion. The outer ends of the first
mentioned cylinders communicate respectively by pipes of any desired length
running in any desired direction, with corresponding cylinders on opposite ends of
the main barrel of the pump in the well. Within these last mentioned cylinders and
also within the main pump barrel work pistons or plungers all mounted on a
second piston rod of their own which rod is actuated solely by the pressure of the
water in the before-mentioned pipes acting upon the pistons at each end of the said
piston rod alternately. Suitable valves are provided in valve boxes connected with
the top and bottom of the main pump barrel for alternately opening and closing
the suction pipe and rising main. Suitable pipes fitted with stop cocks are
provided for filling or charging the pipes which connect the two sets of cylinders
preparatory to starting the pump. On rotating the driving shaft the pistons of
ID 7

page_text: the first mentioned cylinders will through the intervention of the water in the
connecting pipes impart motion to the piston rod of the main pump barrel hence
the said main piston may be worked at any indefinite distance, or in any direction
from, the driving mechanism.
Although we prefer to employ the peculiar driving mechanism above described
it is obvious that any other or well known means of imparting reciprocating
motion to the first mentioned piston or plunger rod may be employed if desired.
Dated this 12th day of January 1885.
We RICHARD BALCOMBE, Stonemason, and NELSON BALCOMBE, Bricklayer both
of Ticehurst in the County of Sussex do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR RAISING AND FORCING WATER
AND IN THE MODE OF ACTUATING THE SAME " and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to a peculiar arrangement of cylinder or barrel lift and
force pumps intended chiefly for raising water for house service from wells or other
sources and to a mode or method of actuating the pistons or plungers thereof
without the necessity for mechanical connections between the said pistons or
plungers and the driving mechanism whereby facility is afforded for working the
pump in a simple and economical manner at any distance laterally from the well
in lieu of immediately above the same which is frequently found to be inconvenient
in practice also to a peculiar arrangement of driving mechanism for producing
the necessary reciprocating movement for actuating such and other like pumps.
Figure 1 of the drawings hereunto annexed is a sectional elevation of the upper
part of our apparatus for raising and forcing water showing also a portion of our
improved arrangement of driving mechanism in connection therewith.
Figure 2 is a similar view of the lower portion of our said apparatus severed from
figure 1 along the dotted line 1-2 and showing the lift and force pump and
connected therewith.
parts

page_text: Figure 3 is a side elevation of a portion of the driving mechanism corresponding
to the upper part of figure 1.
Figure 4 is a part sectional elevation of a slightly modified arrangement of our
said apparatus for raising and forcing water showing the application thereto of
ordinary cranks for working the same.
Figure 5 is a side elevation and
Figure 6 a corresponding plan of our improved driving mechanism as mounted
complete for action.
In carrying out our said invention we emply a pair of cylinders a, b, disposed
by preference in the same axial line (see figure 1) within each of which cylinders
works a piston or plunger c, d, attached to or formed on the opposite ends of a
piston or plunger rod e common to the two the said piston or plunger rod being
connected at a point f situate at or about the middle of its length to a forked or
other connecting rod g. This connecting rod is formed with an enlarged head h
at its upper end one of the side plates of the enlarged head having a continuous
elongated slot i (see figure 3) formed therein through which slot enters one end of
the driving shaft k, as shown more clearly in figures 3, 5, and 6. The shaft & is
mounted in bearings in the standards or supports ll and carries a fly wheel m and
winch handle or fast and loose driving pullies according as it is to be driven by
hand or by power. This shaft carries at its extremity a toothed pinion n which
gears into a straight rack or series of pins o fixed in one of the side plates of the
head of the connecting rod so that on turning the shaft k the pinion will gear into
the said rack on one side thereof and raise or lower the connecting rod and on
arriving at the top or bottom of the rack will pass round the end thereof and will
gear with its opposite side thereby reversing the motion. p is an oil cup or
lubricating aperture. The outer ends of the first mentioned cylinders a, b, com-
municate respectively by pipes a¹ and b¹ (of any desired length running in any
desired direction) with corresponding cylinders q q¹ formed on opposite ends of and
in the same axial line with the main barrel of the pump in the well. Within these
last mentioned cylinders q and q' and also within the main pump barrel r work
respectively the pistons or plungers 8 s¹ and t all mounted on a piston or plunger
rod u common to the three which rod is actuated solely by the pressure of the
water or other liquid in the before mentioned pipes a¹ and b¹ produced by the
plungers c and d said pressure acting upon the pistons 8 s¹ alternately at each end
of the rod u. Suitable valves v, w and v¹, w' are provided in valve boxes x, y,
respectively connected with the top and bottom of the main pump barrel r for
alternately opening and closing the suction pipe z and rising main z¹. Branch
pipes 1 and 2 serve to connect the valve box with the suction pipe and rising
main respectively as shown in Figure 2. Suitable nozzles or branches 3 and 4
(see figure 1) fitted with stop cocks or screw plugs are provided for filling or
charging the pipes a¹ and b¹ and their respective cylinders a and b with water or
other liquid preparatory to starting the pump. On rotating the driving shaft k the
pistons or plungers c d of the first mentioned cylinders a and b will act alternately
on the liquid contained in the connecting pipes a¹ and b₁ thereby exerting pressure
through the said liquid against the plungers ss' alternately and imparting a
reciprocating motion to the piston or plunger rod u of the main pump barrel
which can thus be worked at any distance or in any direction from the driving
mechanism.
Although we prefer to employ the peculiar arrangement of mechanism above
described and illustrated by Figures 1, 3, 5 and 6 for imparting the reciprocating
motion to the pistons or plungers c and d ordinary cranks or other well known
mechanical means may be employed if desired for that purpose as shown in
figure 4.
In that case the cylinders a and b will be placed side by side in lieu of in line
with each other and each will be provided with a separate plunger c and d of its
own worked by connecting rods g g' and cranks h h' on the driving shaft k.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The peculiar arrangement of lift and force pump provided with a supple-
mentary cylinder at each end of the pump barrel in which cylinders work pistons
or plungers carried by or formed on the piston rod or plunger of the pump said
cylinders being connected by pipes filled with liquid with other cylinders containing
reciprocating pistons or plungers worked by any suitable mechanical arrangement
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
2. Actuating the piston or plunger of a lift and force pump by the pressure of a
liquid contained in pipes connected with cylinders in which work separate pistons
or plungers actuated by any suitable mechanical arrangement substantially as and
for the purpose specified.
3. For driving the reciprocating pistons or plungers of pumps the construction
and arrangement of connecting rod with a head provided with a row of pins or
teeth in which gears a pinion on the end of a driving shaft guided by a slot in one
side of the head of the said connecting rod as herein before described.