IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RIVETTING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR PUNCHING METAL
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles de Bergue, of Dowgate Hill, in the City of
London, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR RIVETTING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR PUNCHING
METAL."
Sealed the 6th July 1860, and dated the 12th January 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles de Bergue at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th January 1860.
I, CHARLES DE BERGUE, of Dowgate Hill, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the. Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY FOR RIVETTING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR.
PUNCHING METAL," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing machinery for rivetting, with a certain
adaptation thereto, which I denominate a safety ram or plug, having for its
object the limiting the extreme pressure intended to be given in using the
machinery, so as to prevent the machinery or parts thereof other than itself
(the safety ram) becoming broken, or the tools employed in or with the
machinery becoming' broken in case the resistance should exceed the limit
which it is judged that it or they are capable of enduring; and the said safety
ram or plug consists of a small piece of metal or material purposely turned, or

page_text: otherwise cut down or formed so as to become the weakest part of the
machinery, and intentionally made sufficiently weak to become crushed or to
yield whenever the above-mentioned limit of pressure is exceeded, and thus to
prevent the crushing, breaking, or yielding of other parts of the machinery.
And my Invention further embraces the constructing machinery for rivetting
with a peculiar hinge joint between a rivetting ram or plunger, and an eccen-
tric rod or crank arm for driving it, which consists in constructing the said
joint by forming the two ends to be jointed in such manner that the pin
uniting them may take a bearing across its whole length when driving up the
work.
And my Invention further consists in constructing machinery for rivetting,
which is also applicable to machines for punching metal with a removeable
sliding plate or stop piece carrying the safety ram or plug filling up or occupying
a space, into which when such sliding plate is removed therefrom the tool
employed, or the rod or bar or piece carrying it, or some portion of the
machinery, may recede (or yield under the pressure exerted) so as to prevent
the useful effect or action of the machinery when desired, without necessarily
stopping the driving or general working action or momentum of the machinery,
as it would be almost impossible to stop the momentum of the fly-wheel, or
to start it again with sufficient rapidity. This improvement is substantially
the providing the means of throwing one part out of gear or effective action
without stopping the remainder. It is to be understood that the improve-
ments firstly and lastly above-mentioned may be effected in either the working
or moving part of the machinery, or otherwise in the resisting frame block, or
ordinarily fixed portion of the machinery.
And my Invention further consists in so casting or constructing the general
framework or body of the machine that the fixed heads or portions of the
machine by, against, or to which the ultimate resistance is transferred shall
be as far apart as the framing will allow, so as to afford a slight spring or
elastic yielding action in the frame itself, and in arranging or disposing the
whole or the principal working parts of the machinery between such fixed
heads.
The Invention also embraces the general arrangement and combination of
the several parts constituting the above improvements which, may, however,
be effected either separately or in combination.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles de Bergue in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th July 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DE BERGUE, of Dowgate Hill, in the City of London, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,. the said
Charles de Bergue, Her special licence that I, the said Charles de Bergue,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Charles de Bergue, my executors,. administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR RIVETTING, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR
PUNCHING METAL," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles
De Bergue, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles de Bergue, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to accompanying Two Sheets
of illustrative Drawings, and noting, the figures, letters, and marks inserted
thereon, for the purpose of facilitating such reference, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in constructing machinery for rivetting, with a
certain adaptation thereto, which I denominate a safety ram or plug, having
for its object the limiting the extreme pressure intended to be given in using
the machinery, so as to prevent the machinery or parts thereof other than itself
(the safety ram) becoming broken, or the tools employed in or with the
machinery becoming broken in case the resistance should exceed the limit
which it is judged that it or they are capable of enduring; and the said safety
ram or plug consists of a small piece of metal or material purposely turned, or

page_text: otherwise cut down or formed so as to become the weakest part of the
machinery, and intentionally made sufficiently weak to become crushed or to
yield whenever the above-mentioned limit of pressure is exceeded; and thus
to prevent the crushing, breaking, or yielding of other parts of the machinery.
And my Invention further embraces the constructing machinery for rivetting
with a peculiar hinge joint between a rivetting ram or plunger, and an eccen-
tric rod or crank arm for driving it, which consists in constructing the said
joint by forming the two ends to be jointed in such manner that the pin
uniting them may take a bearing across its whole length when driving up
the work.
And my Invention further consists in constructing machinery for rivetting,
which is also applicable to machines for punching metal, with a removeable.
sliding plate or stop piece carrying the safety ram or plug filling up or occu-
pying a space, into which, when such sliding plate is removed therefrom the.
tool employed, or the rod or bar or piece carrying it, or some portion of the
machinery, may recede (or yield under the pressure exerted), so as to prevent
the useful effect or action of the machinery when desired, without necessarily
stopping the driving or general working action or momentum of the machinery,
as it would be almost impossible to stop the momentum of the fly wheel or to
start it again with sufficient rapidity. This improvement is substantially the
providing the means of throwing one part out of gear or effective action without
stopping the remainder.
And my Invention further consists in so casting or constructing the general
framework or body of the machine that the portions of the machine by, against,
or to which the ultimate resistance is borne or transferred shall be as far apart
as the framing will allow, so as to afford a slight spring or elastic yielding
action in the frame itself, and in arranging or disposing the whole or the
principal working parts of the machinery between such portions.
And also my Invention embraces the general arrangement and combination
of the several parts herein-after specifically described and represented in the
Drawings, in illustration of the above-stated improvements, the which improve-
ments may, however, be effected either separately or in combination.
Having thus set forth the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner in which it is to be performed.
The Drawing No. 1 illustrates my several improvements in machinery for
rivetting, and the Drawing No. 2 the parts of such improvements which are
applicable to machines for-punching metal.
In Drawing No. 1, Figure 1 is a side elevation of improved rivetting
machine; Figures 2 and 3, vertical sections through certain parts of the same

page_text: (which may be distinguished by the letters of reference); Figure 4, a plan. of
the machine; Figure 5, an elevation of the connecting rod and plunger of the
machine, exhibiting the improved joint between them, and also the parts for.
effecting the "stop off "action hereafter explained, but omitting the general
framing; Figure 6, a sectional plan view. to correspond with Figure 5, but
shewing a portion of the general framing; Figure 7, a detached view of the
parts for effecting the stop off action.
In the above-mentioned Figures a, a, a³, denote the, cast-iron main framing.
or body of the machine, which. is of considerable length between the head or
portion a* and the bearing or portion a³, between which parts the thrust of the
machine is exerted and the principal working parts are arranged or, disposed;.
6 is an eccentric shaft driven by the double gearing or train of wheels 9³, 9',I^*‚Ì³‚.
from the pulley g, which is fast upon the tubular axis g* of the pinion g³,.
the said tubular axis itself running loosely upon the shaft 6; 9 is a loose.
pulley on the said shaft, and g' a fly wheel fast upon the tubular axis g* ;; c is
a strong connecting or eccentric rod, communicating motion from eccentric,
and alternately forcing forward and drawing back the ram or plunger d, which,
carries along with it the moving snap or rivetting tool e alternately to and
away from the fixed snap or rivetting tool f, the plunger being mounted and
sliding in a bracket or bearing on the framing a.. The improved joint between
the connecting rod and the plunger is formed by the ends of these parts.
embracing or girting the joint pin m, not completely, but so as to allow for the.
thrust or forward motion a direct bearing upon the pin throughout its entire
length by both of the parts to be connected, for an arc or surface of about
forty-five degrees of a complete circle (see Figures 5 and 6); the jaws or clips
formed or left by such incompleteness of the girt being amply sufficient for.
drawing back the plunger as in the said back motion, scarcely any strain comes
upon the joint. The rivet to be closed is to be placed between the snaps e and f,
and if, while adjusting it it should be deemed desirable to stop the action of
the machine, this can be effected without arresting the motion of the entire
machine, by the "stop-off" action or apparatus for throwing the driving snap e
out of gear. This is effected by means of the handle h (see Figures 5, 6,..
and 7) which draws back the removeable steel block or sliding plate or stop
piece i out of a recess within the plunger, where it lies when the machine is .
intended to do its work. It should be noted that the snap e is mounted on a
rod or carrier e*, which is made so as to be capable of sliding within the
plunger. Now this sliding action is prevented by the presence of the plate or
block i within its recess, but when withdrawn the carrier will slide within the
plunger during the forward motion (or rather the plunger will advance without..

page_text: the carrier and driving snap e) and on the reverse motion the parts will be
brought into their original position by means of the catch 7, against which the
carrier is made to strike, so as to leave the recess free for the block i to be
returned into it by the handle h. The plate or block i slides upon the rod h*,
so as to allow of its moving with the plunger, and carries with it a small
piece o of cast iron to receive the ultimate thrust in the act of closing a rivet
(see Figures 5, 6, and 7.) This piece o is the part which I denominate the
"safety ram or plug" of the machine, and should be of such an area as to
support the pressure required for rivetting, and up to any intended limit, but
so that it may yield by crushing when any undue strain is brought upon the
machine, or the tools employed with it, by a too large or cold rivet or other
accidental. circumstance. I wish it to be understood that the "stop-off" plate i
need not necessarily carry the safety ram or plug o, but either of them may be
used in the machine without the other, and that they may be applied in
positions separate from each other and different from the position represented
in the Drawing, and particularly that one or both of them may be applied at
or near the fixed resisting head a*, instead of in the moving parts of the
machine.
In Drawing No. 2, Figures 8 and 9 are a partial end view and sectional
side view respectively of a "rocking lever" punching press, constructed
generally in accordance with the Specification filed in pursuance of existing
Letters Patent granted to me in respect of my Invention of "Improvements in
Punching and Shearing Metal," but having that part of my present Invention
which relates to "stop-off" action applied to said press.
· Figure 10 is a section of the punch carrying portion of the rocking lever,
shewing the method of mounting the punch, so as to allow of a sliding action,
and also shewing the "stop-off" action or sliding plate or stop piece over the
punch.
Figure 11 is a plan view of the punch guide, and of the stop-piece and
handle to the same for adjusting its position.
Figures 12 and 13 are detached views of a moveable pin or pointer, and of
the carriage or arm in which it is mounted.
..
'A, A, is the framing, consisting mainly of two large cheeks or sides of cast
iron between, and by which the rocking piece or lever B, B*, is supported and
vibrates upon the axis C. The driving and some other arrangements are pur-
posely omitted from the Drawing as not pertinent to the present Invention.
B* is the punch carrying end of the rocking lever, which alternately rises and
falls immediately over the punch box or die O*; N is the punch guide fixed
to the end B*, and O the punch itself, free to slide vertically therein, its own
:

page_text: weight being sufficient to bring it into the position shewn in Figure 10; P, (in
this Figure) is the improved sliding plate or stop piece (corresponding with the
plate or stop piece i of the rivetting machine), represented as slided or placed
immediately above the punch, and occupying a recess or space, so as to
prevent the punch rising or receding into the said space, and consequently
when in such position, the action of the machine would drive the punch
through the plate or work offered to it; P* is a feather for guiding the upper
end or head of the punch; Q is a handle for adjusting the position of the stop
piece, which, when in the position shewn by the dotted lines in the plan view
Figure 11, will cease to cover the head of the punch, and consequently when
work is offered to it will allow the punch to recede, or rather will allow the
punch guide N to descend without the punch, the latter simply resting on the
surface of the work, instead of being driven through it. The parts R, S, S*,
and T, are similar to those in my former punching and shearing machine, R
being a forked projecting arm fixed to the framework for preventing the work
rising on the withdrawal of the punch, and S being a moveable pin or pointer
sliding vertically in a socket at the extremity of the adjustable arm or carriage
T, and S* an adjusting ring and screw for limiting the fall within the socket.
The said pin or pointer will be found extremely useful in connection with the
present Invention. When it is desired to punch a series of holes at uniform.
distances, the said use, (without the "stop-off" action to the punch) being
particularly explained in the former Specification above referred to. But it is to
be understood that the machine may be constructed either with or without such
pin or pointer, and parts for supporting and adjusting it, and that other punch-
ing machines may be constructed with, my improved "stop-off" action, by
varying the fittings, if necessary, the "rocking lever "punching machine above
referred to and represented in the Drawings, being only illustrative of the
manner in which this part of my Invention is to be performed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles de Bergue, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.