Improvements in High Speed Engines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in High Speed Engines.
1, WILLIAM JAMES HAY, of 9 Dalhousie Place, Arbroath, in the County of
Forfar, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to an improved arrangement of high speed engine having
for its object the compact mounting of the cylinders and the convenient placing of
the working parts which admits of straight through passages being obtained
leading from one cylinder to the other, and producing reduction in the clearing
spaces required for working the engine.
In carrying my invention into effect I arrange my low pressure cylinder
immediately over one or a pair of cranks and I cause the steam to act on the upper
side of the same while the high pressure cylinder I form as an annular space
surrounding the trunk' form of piston for enabling the steam to work on the up or
return stroke of the piston. I form my piston with a trunk attachment or
connecting rod end low down within the body of the trunk boss and having
preferably an adjustable journal for taking up the wear of the bearing. I provide
piston springs of any ordinary character upon the trunk and main portion of the
piston working cylinder. Alongside of the cylinder I provide my valve of a
cylindrical kind, having a bearing at each end to cover the ports placed at each
end, and having a through way from one end to the other to enable the steam to
pass from the high pressure or bottom port through the hollow valve piston to the
top or low pressure port, while the exhaust steam is free to escape from the annular
space surrounding the hollow stem of the piston valve when it passes from the low
pressure cylinder.
I mount my cylindrical valve on the main casting, forming the high and low
pressure cylinder, and I provide guiding bushes at the lower end for a projection in
the form of a trunk piston into which the valve connecting rod works and is
attached; the trunk portion of the valve piston being formed of a reduced
diameter which permits of the annular space surrounding the valve serving as the
steam inlet space for supplying steam to the high pressure cylinder.
The lower portion of my entablature or framework for carrying my cylinders
I make with bearings of any ordinary kind for my crank shaft to revolve in, having
end covers or plates with stuffing boxes and glands through which the ends of the
crank shaft may pass without permitting the escape of any oil or water which may
be in the body of the base-plate.
I form a triple or quadruple expansion engine similar to the manner hereinbefore
described, when forming a compound, making the high pressure cylinder with an
annular space, into which the steam enters, and then I allow the steam to be
exhausted from the high pressure annular space on to the top of the high pressure
piston, through the upper hollow portion of my cylindrical slide valve, and after
leaving the high pressure upper end, 1 convey the steam over the top of the
cylindrical valve through a bye pass pipe or passage to the under-side or lower end
annular space formed upon the valve which enables the steam to be supplied to a

page_text: larger annular space forming the second intermediate cylinder, and from this second
cylinder I convey the steam through the lower end of the hollow cylindrical valve
to the upper large annular space formed by the junction of the high pressure piston
and the low pressure piston. From this terminal space I convey the steam to the
exhaust passage by means of a passage formed by a suitably placed pair of flanged
discs provided on my cylindrical valve.
By this arrangement of alignable cylinders I am enabled to produce an engine
which can be bored at one setting of the cylinders.
I provide adjustable bearing pieces and take up rings and springs for my high
pressure piston stem to work through, and I also employ preferably adjustable
bolts for taking up the slack of the bearings when in work.
The lower part or base of my engine I make in any suitable manner, and
I modify the arrangement and the form of the bearings to suit the type of engine
which is to be produced, sometimes combining two or more complete engines in one
when a large installation is to be prepared.
Dated this 23.
T
3000
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
I, WILLIAM JAMES HAY, of 9 Dalhousie Place, Arbroath, in the County of
Forfar, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved arrangement of high speed engine
having for its object the compact mounting of the cylinders and the convenient
placing of the working parts which admits of straight through passages being
obtained leading from one cylinder to the other, and producing reduction in the
clearing spaces required for working the engine.
The two accompanying sheets of drawings illustrates my invention as carried
into effect.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one form of engine while,
Figure 2 is a sectional plan of Figure 1 on the line xx.
Figure 3 (Sheet 2) is a sectional elevation of a modified form of engine, and
Figure 4 is a sectional plan hereof on the line y y.
In carrying my invention into effect I arrange my low pressure cylinder A
immediately over one or a pair of cranks and I cause the steam to act on the upper
side a of the same, while the high pressure cylinder A' I form as an annular space
surrounding the trunk form of piston B for enabling the steam to work on the up
or return stroke of the piston. I form my piston B with a trunk attachment or
connecting rod end 6 low down within the body of the trunk boss and having
preferably an adjustable journal C for taking up the wear of the bearing.
I provide piston springs D of any ordinary character upon the trunk B and main
portion B of the piston working cylinder. Alongside of the cylinder I provide my
valve E of a cylindrical kind, having a bearing at each end to cover the ports e e
placed at each end, and having a through way e² from one end to the other to
enable the steam to pass from the high pressure or bottom port e¹ through the

page_text: hollow valve piston to the top or low pressure port e, while the exhaust steam is
free to escape from the annular space e surrounding the hollow stem of the piston
valve when it passes from the low pressure cylinder.
1 mount my cylindrical valve chamber F on the main casting, forming the high
and low pressure cylinder, and I provide guiding bushes G at the lower end for a
projection in the form of a trunk piston E' into which the valve connecting rod H
works and is attached; the trunk portion of the valve piston E¹ being formed of
a reduced diameter which permits of the annular space f surrounding the
valve serving as the steam inlet space for supplying steam to the high pressure
cylinder.
The lower portion of my entablature or framework K for carrying my cylinders
I make with bearings k of any ordinary kind for my crank shaft L to revolve in,
having end covers or plates M M' with stuffing boxes and glands m through which
the ends of the crank shaft may pass without permitting the escape of any oil or
water which may be in the body of the base-plate.
I form a triple or quadruple expansion engine as shown in Figures 3 and 4
similar to the manner hereinbefore described, when forming a compound engine,
making the high pressure cylinder A with an annular space A' into which the
steam enters, and then I allow the steam to be exhausted from the high pressure
annular space on to the top of the high pressure piston B through the upper
hollow portion of my cylindrical slide valve E and after leaving the high pressure
upper end a I convey the steam over the top of the cylindrical valve through a
bye pass pipe or passage E to the underside or lower end annular space E' formed
upon the valve, which enables the steam to be supplied to a larger annular space A
forming the second intermediate cylinder and from this second cylinder space A
I convey the steam through the lower end of the hollow cylindrical valve E¹ to
the upper large annular space A³ formed by the junction of the high pressure
piston B and the low pressure piston B2. From this terminal space A³ I convey
the steam to the exhaust passage A by means of a passage formed by a suitable
placed pair of flanged discs provided on my cylindrical valve.
By this arrangement of alignable cylinders I am enabled to produce an engine
which can be bored at one setting of the cylinders.
I provide adjustable bearing pieces D' and take up rings and springs D³ for my
high pressure piston stem to work through, and I also employ preferably adjustable
bolts for taking up the slack of the bearings when in work.
I arrange a cut off or throttle valve governor P upon the face or end of the
crank shaft L and I cause it to operate upon a pivotted elbow lever P¹ which in
turn regulates the cut off or steam supply valve regulating spindle P2 as shown in.
Figure 1.
The lower part or base of my engine I make in any suitable manner, and I
modify the arrangement and the form of the bearings to suit the type of engine
which is to be produced, sometimes combining two or more complete engines in one
when a large installation is to be prepared.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1.) The improvements in high speed engines in which the cylinders are mounted
above the crank shaft, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described
and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
(2.) In high speed engines the construction and arrangement of steam cylinders
and valve chambers formed in one casting, and having the high and low pressure
pistons coupled by one connecting rod to a crank shaft working in bearings placed
below the cylinders, substantially as herein before described and as illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
(3.) In high speed engines the construction and arrangement of pistons working
within alignable cylinders and having the steam controlled by a hollow cylindrical

page_text: valve working in a chamber formed upon the cylinder casting substantially as
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Deted this 3rd day of March 1897
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.