The Manufacture of Ferro Boron.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 14th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of Ferro Boron.
I, CARL JOHAN LAURENTZ LEFFLER of Havelock Street, Sheffield in the
County of York, Metal Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to the production of ferro boron or boron-iron, either from
boracic acid together with any of the oxides or carbonates of iron, or the hydrated
oxide of iron, (as occurring in iron ores or as artificially produced or obtained) or
from any of the in Nature occurring borates, (for instance borocalcite, or boronatro-
calcite or tiza as it is also called) or from borax of commerce, together with any of
the aforesaid oxides or carbonates of iron, or the hydrated oxide of iron, as well as
together with silica, (for example quartz or sand) or a silicious iron ore, alone or
together, when the base of the borate is alkaline.
All materials which require breaking up or crushing may be reduced to size, or
may be pulverised, and should be mixed with charcoal, coke, or other carbonaceous
matter as required for reduction and fusion of boron-iron from the borates, in the
manner hereinafter described.
In using boracic acid I first prepare a borate of iron by mixing the boracic acid
with any of the aforesaid oxides or carbonates of iron or with the hydrated oxide
of iron, in requisite proportions for forming borate of iron, and exposing the
mixture to the requisite heat for fusion in a crucible or in a furnace, from which
the resulting borate may be teemed or run into moulds or other receptacle.
This borate of iron I mix with charcoal, coke, or other carbonaceous matter, in
requisite proportions for the formation of boron iron, and for its reduction and
fusion on the mixture being charged in a crucible or in a furnace and exposed to the
requisite heat, and for subsequently casting into moulds or other receptacle.
The preparation of borate of iron may also take place in a separate part of the
furnace in which the boron-iron is being made.
In using natural borates or borax of commerce I mix the same with any of the
aforesaid oxides or carbonates of iron, or the hydrated oxides of iron, and with
charcoal, coke, or other carbonaceous matter, all in requisite proportions for
formation of boron-iron and its reduction and fusion, and also with silica as afore-
said, or with silicious iron ore, alone or together, for forming a silicate with the
alkaline base in the borate, and the mixture so prepared I charge in a crucible or in
a furnace and expose to the requisite heat for reduction and fusion of the boron iron,
for casting into moulds or other receptacle:
Instead of effecting the reduction and fusion of the boron iron as before described,
it may be effected in a furnace of a construction similar to a blast furnace, in which
either the artificially prepared borate of iron may be charged at the top of the
furnace on charcoal, or coke, or other carbonaceous matter in a manner similar to
the charging of iron ore; or the natural borates may be thus charged together
with requisite proportion of any of the aforesaid oxides or carbonates of iron, or
the hydrated oxide of iron, (as occurring in iron ore, or as artificially produced) in
requisite proportion for formation of boron iron, as well as with silica or with
silicious iron ore, alone or together, when the base of the borate is alkaline, and
slag-forming minerals or materials may also be added to the charge so as to form
sufficient slag for protection of the boron iron during its reduction and fusion.
"
In either case the reduction into boron iron takes place in a manner similar to
that of pig-iron, and the reduced boron iron descends to the heart of the furnace

page_text: in a state of fusion, and may be tapped or run therefrom into iron moulds or other
receptacle.
Dated the 15th day of December 1893.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of Ferro Boron.
I, CARL JOHAN LAURENTZ LEFFLER of Havelock Street, Sheffield in the
County of York, Metal Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the production of ferro boron or boron iron either from
boracic acid together with any of the oxides or carbonates of iron, or hydrated
oxides of iron (as occurring in iron ores, or as artificially obtained,) or from in
Nature occurring borates of iron, as for instance lagonite, by mixing with charcoal,
coke, or other carbonaceous matter and exposing to requisite heat in a crucible or
in a furnace, in the manner hereinafter described.
In using boracic acid, I prefer to prepare a borate of iron by mixing it with any
of the aforesaid oxides, hydrated oxides, or carbonates of iron, reduced to size or
pulverised, in requisite proportions for the formation of borate of iron, and exposing
the mixture to requisite heat in a crucible or in a furnace from which the resulting
borate of iron may be teemed or run into moulds or other receptacle; or instead
of first making a borate of iron, I may mix the requisite proportions of boracic acid
and of any of the aforesaid oxides, hydrated oxides, or carbonates of iron together
with charcoal, coke or other carbonaceous matter and expose to requisite heat in a
crucible or in a furnace for reduction into boron iron, and its fusion.
The borate of iron thus prepared I mix with charcoal, coke, or other carbonaceous
matter in requisite proportion for the formation of boron iron, on the mixture being
charged in a crucible or in a furnace, and exposed to requisite heat for its reduction,
fusion and subsequent casting into moulds or other receptacle.
I have made boron iron containing 2% to 20% of boron, and prefer to make it
with as high percentage of boron as possible.
The proportion of boracic acid and of any of the aforesaid oxides, hydrated
oxides, or carbonates of iron must be calculated according to their molecular weight
in order to yield the desired percentage of boron in the boron iron, or in the
borate of iron from which it is produced, due allowance being made for loss of boron
in the operation.
The furnace for the production of the boron iron may be so constructed that the
_borate of iron may be prepared in a separate part thereof and removed for
'subsequent treatment into boron iron as above described.
Lagonite, or other natural borates of iron may be reduced into boron iron in
the aforesaid manner without any addition of before-mentioned oxides or carbonates
.of iron.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The manufacture or production of ferro-boron or boron iron, in the manner
hereinbefore described and specified.
The 11th J f Canaanhan 1004
reinbefore described and specified.
Dated the 11th day of September 1994.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.