A Combined Kiln and Drying Oven.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 17th June, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
A Combined Kiln and Drying Oven.
I, HENRI FRANS JOSEPH WEIJERS, of Udenhout, in the Kingdom of the
Netherlands, Tile and Brick Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a combined kiln and drying oven in which the drying
chamber is formed as a channel over the smoke flue between the rows of chambers
of the oven, so that the longitudinal sides and the bottom of the drying chamber
are enclosed by chambers containing hot air or other gases, and the drying chamber
is thus heated only by radiation from the neighbouring parts without separate
fire, and that air can be drawn in and introduced to the drying chamber through
the chambers temporarily undergoing cooling.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section.
Figure 2 shows a horizontal section on the line A-A, Figure 1.
Figure shows a transverse section on the line BB, Figure 2.
In similar ovens as constructed at present, a great amount of heat is accumulated
in the interior the great part of which heat escapes ultimately to the outer atmo-
sphere without having been utilised, while the drying apparatus, say in a brick
works, is heated separately. In consequence the cost of the plant and working is
unnecessarily increased, which disadvantage is entirely obviated by this invention,
and further fresh air is drawn in as before mentioned, into the chambers which
have been in operation, the hot air or gases from such chambers having passed
to the drying chamber through a tube R. In this manner circulation is pro-
duced in the apparatus and the burnt material is quickly cooled.
The oven formed by the wall O is constructed so that the kiln chambers B
are arranged at the sides of and at the same level as the drying chamber or
channel which is situated in the middle of the oven. These chambers Bare
heated in the usual manner and the flames are led from one chamber to the
other. To carry the flames or fire from one corner chamber to the corner chamber
of the opposite row of chambers, channels L are provided below the drying
chamber K. The chambers Bare all accessible from the outside by orifices C
in the walls 0, and exit flues E are arranged in the crowns of the chambers B:
The drying chamber or channel K arranged between the rows of chambers B
has also orifices, I, in its crown which communicate through the tube R with
the orifices E of those kiln chambers B which have been in operation and which
are to be cooled.
The drying chamber proper is bounded by an arch T of corrugated sheet metal
or other suitable material arranged at a suitable distance beneath the top, so
that a channel is formed above this roofing for the gases escaping from those kiln
chambers which have been in operation. The hot gases after passing along

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this channel descend at one end U of the channel, into the drying chamber
proper K and finally escape up the chimney F.
The drying chamber or channel K runs through the whole length of oven
and is closed at each end by a door. It has rails along its floor on which run the
trucks carrying the materials to be, dried. Below the drying chamber or channel K
is situated the smoke channel or flue through which the gases pass from the
chambers to the uptake. These gases enter the flue S through channels provided
with suitable disconnecting or stopping devices.
Thus the drying chamber is situated between the two rows of kiln or fire
chambers and above the smoke escape flue; in consequence, three of its sides are
heated along its whole length by heat radiating from parts containing hot gases.
In order to make the conditions for radiation as favourable as possible the bottom
of the drying chamber K which forms also the top of the smoke flue S is formed of
corrugated sheet metal, iron plates and partially arched. Further the used steam
of non-condensing engines, or live steam, may be introduced through pipes. The
draught for the air and the carrying off of the water vapour is produced by a
chimney For a ventilator.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. A combined kiln and drying. oven having a drying chamber or channel
enclosed on three sides along its whole length by chambers or flues filled with
hot gases which give off a great amount of heat to the drying chamber or
channel.
2nd. A form of construction of the combined kiln and drying oven claimed in
Claim 1 in which the drying chamber or channel is situated above the smoke
channel between and at the level of two rows of kiln or fire chambers, so as to
be bounded on three sides by chambers or flues filled with hot gases.
3rd. A form of construction of the apparatus as claimed in Claims 1 and 2 in
which the hot gases pass from the kiln or fire chambers, which have been in
operation, through a tube R in the drying chamber or channel so that the cold air
entering into the kiln chambers through orifices. C.is used to accelerate the
cooling of the burnt or desiccated material and the hot gases from such chambers
are used for the preliminary drying of the material to be burnt or desiccated
whereby also suitable circulation is produced the draught being regulated by a
chimney For other suitable device.