Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 30th day of April 1889, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883. :
I CAMPBELL MORFIT of No. 132 Alexandra Road South Hampstead in the County
of Middlesex, Consulting Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture or treatment of paper
whereby the latter is toughened in degree and quality distinctively from any other
now in the market.
This invention applies to all kinds of paper but more particularly to those made
thin and with inferior grades of pulp for printing newspapers and for wrapping
purposes. The means employed are the sea weeds which form glutinous liquors with
water, such as Irish Moss or Currageen, Agar-Agar and the like.
My invention is to be carried into effect by washing the raw or refined sea weed,
boiling it with water until all its soluble matter has been extracted and then straining
the liquor.
Any one of the sea weeds which, more or less, forms a glutinous solution with
water may be employed and either singly or mixed with another of its kind according
to the judgment of the operator and the sort of paper to be manufactured, but some
are superior to others in this connection. The liquor having been strained clear, the
paper in sheets or web is then to be passed through a bath of it and dried by the aid
of suitable machinery or in any suitable manner.
The treatment may be applied, also, to the pulp before it is converted into sheets
or web.
In all cases the density and temperature of the solution or bath liquor are to be
adjusted as the judgment of the operator may determine is the best for the kind of
paper under treatment.
The paper may be sized in the usual manner and before, at the time of or after the
toughening treatment above specified.
Did 10th 1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in the Manufacture or Treatment of Paper.
1, CAMPBELL MORFIT of 132 Alexandra Road, South Hampstead in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of paper whereby the
latter is toughened in degree and quality distinctively from any other now in the
market. This improvement applies to all kinds of paper but more particularly to
those made thin and with inferior grades of pulp for printing newspapers-and-for
wrapping purposes. The meaus employed are the sea weeds which form glutinous
liquors with water such as namely Irish Moss or Carrageen, and Agar-Agar and
the like:
Any one of the known sea weeds which more or less form a glutinous solution with
water may be employed and either singly or mixed with another of its kind according
to the judgment of the operator and the sort of paper to be manufactured but some
sea weeds are superior to others in this connection:
My invention is to be carried into effect by washing the raw or refined sea weed,
boiling it with water until all its soluble matter has been extracted and then straining
the liquor. The hot strained liquor forms the bath in or with which the sheets of
paper or paper pulp are is to be treated. If desired Resin soap and aluminous cake
or compound may should be added to the glutinous liquor, but they serve rather to
size and make the paper rustle than increase its toughness. Resin soap is ordinary
resin boiled with any fixed quantity of caustic soda in aqueous solution until the latter
ceases to dissolve any more of the former. The liquor is then evaporated to syrup
consistence and allowed to cool or better allowed to rest several days without being
evaporated. During this repose the resin soap will subside and the supernatant liquor
containing some little resin soap in solution and the excess of soda may be drawn off
and used with a fresh addition of caustic soda to dissolve a new portion of resin.
.Aluminous cake is an article of commerce.
If the paper is to be treated in the form of sheets or web it is to be passed, as it
leaves the wire cloth on which it is formed, through a hot solution of the sen weed or
sea weeds alone or, mixed with resin soup and aluminous cake and dried by means of
suitable machinery.
To apply it to the paper pulp, the latter is to be diffused in the hot liquor and the
sheets or web made therefrom in the usual manner by hand or suitable machinery.
Recent experiences prove that this way produces as good effect as when the treatment
is applied to the sheets and at less cost:

page_text: The proper proportions of sea weed, resin soap and aluminous cake will vary with
the kind of paper pulp and sheets under treatment and must be adjusted as the
judgment of the operator may determine is best for each operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
In the manufacture and treatment of paper the employment of glutinous liquors
prepared from sen-weed-and-used either alone or Irish Moss or Agar-Agar combined
with resin soap and aluminous cake, substantially as herein described and for the
purpose stated.

page_text: Date of Application, 19th June, 1886
- Complete Left, 16th Mar., 1887...
Complete Accepted, 20th May, 1887.
I CAMPBELL MORFIT of No. 132 Alexandra Road South Hampstead in the County
of Middlesex, Consulting Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture or treatment of paper
whereby the latter is toughened in degree and quality distinctively from any other
now in the market.
This invention applies to all kinds of paper but more particularly to those made
thin and with inferior grades of pulp for printing newspapers and for wrapping
purposes. The means employed are the sea weeds which form glutinous liquors with
water, such as Irish Moss or Currageen, Agar-Agar and the like.
My invention is to be carried into effect by washing the raw or refined sea weed,
boiling it with water until all its soluble matter has been extracted and then straining
the liquor.
Any one of the sea weeds which, more or less, forms a glutinous solution with
water may be employed and either singly or mixed with another of its kind according
to the judgment of the operator and the sort of paper to be manufactured, but some
are superior to others in this connection. The liquor having been strained clear, the
paper in sheets or web is then to be passed through a bath of it and dried by the aid
of suitable machinery or in any suitable manner.
The treatment may be applied, also, to the pulp before it is converted into sheets
or web.
In all cases the density and temperature of the solution or bath liquor are to be
adjusted as the judgment of the operator may determine is the best for the kind of
paper under treatment.
The paper may be sized in the usual manner and before, at the time of or after the
toughening treatment above specified.
CAMPBELL MORFIT.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Treatment of Paper.
I, CAMPBELL MORFIT of 132 Alexandra Road, South Hampstead in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of paper whereby the
latter is toughened in degree and quality distinctively from any other now in the
market. This improvement applies to all kinds of paper but more particularly to
those made thin and with inferior grades of pulp for printing newspapers and for
wrapping purposes. The means employed are the sea weeds which form glutinous
liquors with water such as Irish Moss or Carrageen, Agar-Agar and the like.
Any one of the sea weeds which more or less form a glutinous solution with water
may be employed and either singly or mixed with another of its kind according to
the judgment of the operator and the sort of paper to be manufactured but some soa
weeds are superior to others in this connection.
My invention is to be carried into effect by washing the raw or refined sea weed,
boiling it with water until all its soluble matter has been extracted and then straining
the liquor. The hot strained liquor forms the bath in or with which the sheets of
paper or paper pulp are to be treated. If desired resin soap and aluminous cake or
compound may be added to the glutinous liquor, but they serve rather to size and
make the paper rustle than increase its toughness. Resin soap is ordinary resin boiled
with any fixed quantity of caustic soda in aqueous solution until the latter ceases to
dissolve any more of the former. The liquor is then evaporated to syrup consistence
and allowed to cool or better allowed to rest several days without being evaporated.
During this repose the resin soap will subside and the supernatant liquor containing
some little resin soap in solution and the excess of soda inay be drawn off and used
with a fresh addition of caustic soda to dissolve a new portion of resin. Aluminous
cake is an article of commerce.
If the paper is to be treated in the form of sheets or web it is to be passed, as it
leaves the wire cloth on which it is formed, through a hot solution of the sea weed or
sea weeds alone or mixed with resin soap and aluminous cake and dried by means of
suitable machinery.
To apply it to the paper pulp, the latter is to be diffused in the hot liquor and the
sheets or web made therefrom in the usual manner by hand or suitable machinery.
Recent experiences prove that this way produces as good effect as when the treatment
is applied to the sheets and at less cost.

page_text: The proper proportions of sea weed, resin soap and aluminous cake will vary with
the kind of paper pulp and sheets under treatment and must be adjusted as the
judgmont of the operator may determine is best for each operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
In the manufacture and treatment of paper the employment of glutinous liquors
prepared from sea weed and used either alone or combined with resin soap and
aluminous cake, substantially as herein described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 16th day of Manch 1007