Improvements in Casks for Cement and other Dry Goods, and in Machinery for Making the same.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 24th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Mar., 1890-Accepted, 24th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Casks for Cement and other Dry Goods, and in
Machinery for Making the same.
I, MICHAEL WILLIAM FINN, of Swancombe, in the County of Kent, Cooper, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Under the present process of trussing casks it is usual to employ one bell in which
are grooves to receive truss-hoops. The staves jointed & suitably prepared are set
in order on a platform or plate which platform or plate is raised by hydraulic or
other power. The bell then catches the upper ends of the staves & draws them in
towards the centre until they are pressed closely together, the joints are thus closed.
The bell which is made in jointed parts is then opened & the cask half-trussed is
taken from the machine reversed & the operation repeated when truss-hoops are
taken off & permanent hoops substituted, thus finishing cask.
According to my invention the upper bell is constructed to contain one permanent
hoop & truss hoops, & in place of the lower plate now in use I substitute a second
bell also arranged to contain one permanent hoop & truss hoops, this latter is lifted
into position by suitable power & when this double bell is opened the cask is taken
out furnished with two permanent iron hoops, one at each end ready for the cooper
to finish.
The cask when finished to have two iron end hoops & six wooden small hoops with
inside & outside lining hoops.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Casks for Cement and other Dry Goods, and in
Machinery for Making the same.
I, MICHAEL WILLIAM FINN, of Swancombe, in the County of Kent, Cooper, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in making casks.
In the manu-
facture of dry casks it is now the custom to raise or place suitably prepared staves
on a plate or platform, which platform is lifted causing the staves to ascend into a
bell containing iron truss hoops, which operation has to be repeated to make trussed
cask.
Now according to my invention I save much more time and labour by raising or
placing properly prepared staves on a raising plate in the lower bell which is
substituted for platform at present in use. This is a compound plate composed of
several sections hinged inside the lower bell and held in position by suitable springs
which would give them a horizontal position when free the downward travelling of
the staves pressing raising plate into a groove, when the trussed cask is taken from
the machine the plate springs back ready for the next operation. I have also
another method of raising in bell by means of a circular plate which is quartered,
each quarter is made to slide on cross bars so as to admit plate to spread which is
caused by coiled springs attached to each quarter.
The raise can also be made by a machine described as follows. This machine

page_text: The two tubes c are connected with each other close to their ends by
horizontal bars r and Helical springs arranged in the angles of the paral-
lelogram hold the frame resiliently rectangular..
On the shanks of the forks p belt pulleys s are fixed and a third belt pulley t
is mounted on a shaft u which is journalled on the bars and g. This con-
struction serves for horizontal steering.
The vertical steering arrangement comprises the links which are pivoted
to the lower part of the bodies a rearward of the arms of the fork, said links
being pivotally connected with the ends of a toothed bar w which is adapted
to be moved in its bearings by the toothed pinion on the shaft y. The links »
are so connected with the bodies that the latter can also execute necessary
movement in the horizontal plane.
The car is balanced by means of a sliding weight (not shown) arranged
therein, and the flying machine may be provided with a balloon in order to
facilitate its ascent.
By reason of the arrangement of the cam discs m and springs the beat of the
wings in the downward direction will be considerably increased. The air
under the wings greatly condensed and air cushions and air eddies will be
formed in the spaces between the bodies and the wings. This condensation
tends to extend, so that the air will act on the rough surfaces of the bodies
which are enlarged in front and on the lower surfaces of the wings, thus causing
the flying machine to rise in an inclined direction. At a suitable height, the
flying machine will move in the horizontal direction. On too much, air
accumulating under the wings their points will turn upwards, thus allowing of
a part of the accumulated air escaping.
Only a small force is required to cause the flying machine to move forward
in the horizontal plane since the main force of its flight is derived from its
weight together with the resistance to compression of the air in the spaces be-
tween the body and wings, said resistance being converted into elastic tension.
In order to horizontally change the direction of flight the handle of the
shaft is turned so that the arms b with the bodies a will also be turned
independently of the tubes c.
By moving the toothed bar w by means of the handle y' shaft y and toothed
pinion the direction of flight will be changed in the upward or downward
direction according to the position of the bars r.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
In a flying machine,
1. The combination of ellipsoidal bodies placed in tandem, movable wings
on said bodies, a car, a jointed frame forming a parallelogram capable of limited
distortional motion, for connecting said bodies and car, and means for positively
moving the wings downwards, said means comprising a motor in the car, cam
dise, and sliding rods connected to levers ou said wings.
2. The combination of ellipsoidal bodies placed in tandem, movable wings,
on said bodies, a car, a jointed frame forming a parallelogram capable of limited
distortional motion for connecting said bodies and car, and means for posi-
tively moving the wings downwards, said means comprising a motor in the
car, cam discs and sliding rods connected to levers on said wings, said bodies
being gradually reduced in size backwards and rough on their outer surfaces
beneath the wings, for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination of ellipsoidal bodies placed in tandem, movable wings on
said bodies, a car, a jointed frame forming a parallelogram capable of limited
distortional motion, for connecting said bodies and car and means for positively
moving the wings downwards, the said means comprising a motor in the car,
cam discs, and sliding rods connected to levers on said wings, the said wings

page_text: consisting of slightly curved steel ribs tapering towards their free ends and an
air tight material stretched on said ribs."
4. The combination of ellipsoidal bodies placed in tandem, movable wings on
said bodies, a car, a jointed frame, forming a parallelogram capable of limited
distortional motion, for connecting said bodies and car, and means for posi-
tively moving the wings downwards, said means comprising a motor in the
car, cam discs, and sliding rods connected to levers on said wings, together with
means for the horizontal steering, comprising forks connecting the ellipsoidal
bodies to the frame said forks being adapted to be horizontally revolved with
the bodies round the connecting rods.
5. The combination of ellipsoidal bodies placed in tandem, movable wings
on said bodies, a car, a jointed frame forming a parallelogram capable of
limited distortional motion, for connecting said bodies and car. and means for
positively moving the wings downwards, said means comprising a motor in the
car, cam discs and sliding rods connected to levers on said wings together with
a vertical steering device comprising links. pivoted to the ellipsoidal bodies
and to a longitudinally movable bar e, said ellipsoidal bodies being pivoted
on horizontal axes.
?:
1000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant,
18. Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London.