Improvements in Apparatus for Carding Wool and Removing Burrs and other Foreign Substances therefrom.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1900
Improvements in Apparatus for Carding Wool and Removing Burrs
and other Foreign Substances therefrom.
I, HUBERT LEOPOLD OFFERMANN, of 21, Bismarckstrasse, Leipzig, in the German
Empire, Director of the Leipziger Wollkämmerei, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
----
The apparatus arranged at the entrance to the wool carding engine serving for
removing the burrs and other foreign substances from the wool, which apparatus
consists of the known licker-in cylinder and beater working against the points
of the teeth thereof, does not work sufficiently well, since the flocks of wool are
presented to the beater in an unopened condition so that only the burrs on the
surface thereof are removed.
If the beater works at a high peripheral velocity, stands very near to the drum,
and if the teeth of the latter are so fine, that the beater cannot press down the
burrs between the tooth spaces and can thus break them up, the effect is greater,
but this violent removal of the burrs results in considerable damage to the fibrous
material.
If, on the contrary, the wool be previously carded to such a degree that it
comes onto the druni as a thin layer, it passes through uninjured beneath the
Lrater and since it no longer offers any protection to the burrs, these burrs are
completely separated.
The known carding process, in which the wool is carded from the drum into
the worker cylinder, in order to be returned therefrom by the clearer eylinder
to the drum again. cannot serve for attaining the object in view, since with
that distance of the worker cylinder away from the carding drum or cylinder
which is necessary in order that the burrs can be allowed to pass through
undamaged between the worker cylinder and the drum, the carding of the wool
is precluded. For the burrs to remain undamaged, there is required, particularly
between the carding drum and the worker evlinders, a distance apart corre-
sponding to the thickness of the burrs. This is however so great that the wool
supplied from the drum to the worker cylinders is no longer seized and held
thereby.
In the present arrangement. notwithstanding this large distance apart between
the drum and workers, the carding of the wool is effected in that the wool is not
carded as heretofore from the drum into the worker cylinders, but is removed
from the drum and transfered to the workers by means of a special transferring
roller, in order to he then presented from them to the drum for treatment.
A preliminary carding engine of this kind can be advantageously arranged as
follows:-
From the feed rollers, the wool is given up to a licker-in or taker-in evlinder.
from which it is removed by a brush-cylinder. This cards the wool into a slowly
rotating worker cylinder in such a manner that the wool fibres are directed

page_text: tangentially outwards. In this manner it is rendered possible that a carding
drum notwithstanding its great distance away from the worker cylinder, seizes
and works the wool. From the said drum the wool is again taken up by a second
brush cylinder and carded into a second worker cylinder, from which it is removed
by a second carding drum. The doffing cylinder now takes the wool from the
second carding cylinder and a third brush cylinder removes it from the doffer
and transfers it to a bur-removing drum working in conjunction with a beater,
from which it then passes to the main drum or cylinder of the carding engine.
If the wool is carded in the manner described, the beater also beats out a
quantity of wool fibres in addition to the burrs. In order to prevent this, there is
provided a brush secured to the burr-receptacle or receiver. This brush stands
close to the burr-dium and, whilst it allows the burrs and other foreign bodies
to pass through easily, it offers a resistance to the wool fibres in such a manner
that they stretch and thus resist the action of the beater.
Since the licker-in cylinder has however only the object of removing the wool
from the feed-rollers and further of guiding the same, there results the advantage
that it can work at a considerably smaller peripheral velocity than heretofore and
can be removed further from the feeding arrangement. At this place therefore
considerably fewer fibres are broken than heretofore.
The preliminary carding engine can also be made in such a manner that
different worker cylinders can work in conjunction with a single carding drum
or cylinder. For this purpose. The wool is delivered by the feed-rollers to a
arding drum from which it is taken off by a second carding roller and transferred
to a brush cylinder which acts in conjunction with the main carding
cylinder and cards the wool in the manner above mentioned into the
first worker cylinder. From this worker cylinder the wool is then presented to
the carding drum for treatment in order to be again transferred from this by a
third carding roller and the brush cylinder to the second worker cylinder, which
again presents it to the carding drum for treatment. From the said carding
drum, the transfer to the drum for removing the burrs, takes place in the manner
above described. Damage to the burrs during the passage between the carding
rollers and the carding drum does not occur in this case, since the carding teeth
of the rollers have the same direction as the teeth of the drum.
By reason of the great distance apart of the feed rollers and of the worker
cylinder from the drums and the moderate speed of the latter, the wool fibres are
much less broken than heretofore. The action of each worker cylinder is more-
over very much greater, since the fibres are seized and treated in front of the
line of contact, so that the main drum also contains a better prepared material and
its duty is increased accordingly.
The preliminary carding-engine described can also be used as an independent
1urr-removing machine and, in this case, is to be provided with one of the known
arrangements for removing the fleece of wool.
זגת
onu
Improvements in Apparatus for Carding Wool and Removing Burrs
and other Foreign Substances therefrom.
1. HUBERT LEOPOLD OFFERMANN, of 21, Bismarckstrasse, Leipzig. in the German
Empire, Director of the Leipziger Wollkämmerei, do hereby declare the nature

page_text: of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The apparatus arranged at the entrance to the wool carding engine serving for
removing the burrs and other foreign substances from the wool, which apparatus
consists of the known licker-in cylinder and the beater working against the
points of the teeth of the said cylinder, does not work sufficiently well, since the
Hocks of wool are presented to the beater in an unopened condition so that only
the burrs on the surface thereof are removed.
If the beater works at a high peripheral velocity, and stands very near to the
drum, and if the teeth of the latter are so fine that the beater cannot press the
burrs down into the tooth spaces, and will therefore break them up, the effect is
greater, but this violent removal of the burrs results in considerable damage to
the fibrous material.
If, on the contrary, the wool be previously carded to such a degree that it
comes onto the drum as a thin layer, it passes through uninjured beneath the
beater and since it no longer offers any protection to the burrs, these burrs are
completely separated.
The known carding process, in which the wool is carded from the drum into
the worker cylinder, in order to be returned therefrom by the clearer cylinder
to the drum again, cannot serve for attaining the object in view, since with
that distance of the worker cylinder away from the carding drum or cylinder,
which is necessary in order that the burrs can be allowed to pass through
undamaged between the worker cylinder and the drum, the carding of the wool
is precluded. For the burrs to remain undamaged, there is required, particularly
between the carding drum and the worker cylinders, a distance apart corre-
sponding to the thickness of the burrs. This is however so great that the wool
supplied from the drum to the worker cylinders is no longer seized and held
thereby.
In the present arrangement, notwithstanding this large distance apart between
the drum and workers, the carding of the wool is effected in that the wool is not
carded as heretofore from the drum into the worker cylinders, but is removed
from the drum and transferred to the workers by means of a transferring roller
or cylinder, preferably a brush cylinder, in order to be then presented by them
to the drum for treatment.
A preliminary carding engine of this kind can be advantageously arranged as
follows:
-
From the feed rollers a, Figure 1, the wool is delivered to a licker-in or taker-in
This cards the wool
cylinder 6 from which it is removed by a brush-cylinder c.
into a slowly rotating worker cylinder d in such a manner that the wool fibres
are directed tangentially outwards. In this manner it is rendered possible that
the carding drum 6', notwithstanding its great distance away from the worker
cylinder, seizes and works the wool. From the drum b¹ the wool is again taken
up by a second brush-cylinder e¹ and carded into a second worker cylinder d¹,
from which it is removed by a second carding drum 6 The drum 61 and the
worker cylinder d¹ are not in contact. The doffing cylinder kl now takes the wool
from the cylinder 6" and a third brush-cylinder c¹ removes it from the doffer "
and transfers it to a burr-removing drum f working in conjunction with a
beater g, from which it then. passes to the drum or cylinder of the main carding
engine. A beater g, for removing the burs from the wool taken up by the taker-in
cylinder b, is arranged above each of the said taker-in cylinders.
If the wool is carded in the manner described, the beater 9 also beats out a
quantity of wool fibres in addition to the burrs. In order to prevent this, there
is provided a brush e, Figure 2, secured to the burr-receptacle or receiver. This
brush stands close to the burr-drum and, whilst it allows the burrs and other
foreign bodies to pass through easily, it offers a resistance to the wool fibres in
such a manner that they stretch and thus resist the action of the beater. The

page_text: roller m, Figure 1, arranged between the worker-cylinder d¹ and the drum b",
is provided for the purpose of cleaning the said worker-cylinder, and operates in a
similar manner to a clearing roller or stripper.
Since the licker-in cylinder has however only the object of removing the wool
from the feed-rollers and further of guiding the same, there results the advantage
that it can work at a considerably smaller peripheral velocity than heretofore and
can be removed further from the feeding arrangement. At this place therefore
considerably fewer fibres are broken than heretofore.
The preliminary carding engine can also be made so that different worker
cylinders can work in conjunction with a single carding drum or cylinder.
An arrangement of this kind is shown in Figure 3. The wool is delivered by
the feed-rollers a to a carding drum b, from which it is taken off by a second
carding roller and transferred to a brush cylinder c which cards the wool in
the manner above mentioned into the first worker cylinder d. From this worker
cylinder the wool is then presented to the carding drum 6' for treatment in order
to be again transferred from this by a third carding roller and the brush
cylinder c¹ to the second worker cylinder d', which again presents it to the carding
drum for treatment. From the said carding drum b¹ the transfer to the drum
for removing the burrs, takes place in the manner above described Damage to
the burrs during the passage between the carding rollers and the carding
drum does not occur in this case, since the carding teeth of the rollers have
the same direction as the teeth of the drum.
By reason of the great distance apart both of the feed rollers and of the worker
cylinder from the drums and the moderate speed of the latter, the wool fibres
are much less broken than heretofore. The action of each worker cylinder is
moreover very much greater, since the fibres are seized and treated in front of
the line of contact, so that the main drum also contains a better prepared material
and its duty is increased accordingly.
The preliminary carding-engine described can also be used as an independent
burr-removing machine and, in this case, is to be provided with one of the known
arrangements for removing the fleece of wool.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
1. A preliminary carding-engine for wool, wherein the wool is not carded from
the drum into the worker cylinder, but is removed from the drum by means of a
transferring roller or cylinder, preferably a brush cylinder, and transferred to
the worker cylinder, in order to be then presented from this to the drum for
ti eatment.
2. A preliminary carding-engine such as is hereinabove described in which a
brush (e) is arranged beneath the beater near its point of contact with the burr-
removing drum, in order to prevent the beating out of fibres.
3. The improved preliminary carding-machine constructed substantially as
described with reference to Figure 1 or to Figure 3 of the accompanying drawing.
for the purposes specified.
Dated this 4th day of November 1899.
D. YOUNG & Co..
11 and 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.