IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP VANS OR WAGGONS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernest Hora at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th August 1880.
ERNEST HORA, Van Builder, of 252, Camberwell Road, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP VANS OR WAGGONS."
My Invention relates to various improvements in tip vans or waggons, and
consists:-
Firstly. In fixing upon the upper surface of each of the two longitudinal side
pieces of the horizontal under or main frame, which is carried upon four wheels, a
slotted piece, preferably of iron, in the slot of which works a pin fixed on each side
of the tipping body of the van or waggon. These pins may be provided with
rollers so as to reduce the friction.
Secondly. In fixing across the under or main frame a metallic bar or plate which
the tipping body of the van or waggon strikes against when first tipped up, and
thus causes the pins fitted on the van or waggon to slide up the slots in the
metallic pieces on the under or main frame. This bar or plate may be fitted with
one or more rollers if necessary.
Thirdly. In making the axle of the hind wheels cranked, the crank being
directed towards the front of the vehicle, thus allowing the rear end of the van or
waggon to tip between the hubs or stocks of the hind wheels.
Fourthly. In fixing the tail board upon the rear end of the under or main frame,
the rear end of the tipping body of the van or waggon sliding between two fixed
uprights (provided with suitable packing, thus permitting the van or waggon to
discharge itself when tipped without having to unfasten or reinove the tail board,
which remains as an upright fixture upon the under or main frame. The tail
board may be made to open or shut if necessary.

page_text: Fifthly. In providing between the sides of the under or main frame a sliding
rod extending towards the front of the vehicle, where it is fitted with a suitable
handle, the other end of the rod being connected by a joint to one end of a link,
the other end of which link is attached by a joint to the underside of the tipping
body of the van or waggon. This rod and link serve to facilitate the tipping of the
van or waggon, or they can be used for tipping it entirely.
Sixthly. In providing both the front and rear ends of the van or waggon with
spring or other suitable catches or fastenings, for securing the tipping body and
under or main frame together in their fixed or loading position, such catches being
sed separately or together.
The van or waggon may be fitted with or without springs.

page_text: by the said Ernest Hora in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th February
1881.
ERNEST HORA, Van Builder, of 252, Camberwell Road, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP VANS OR WAGGONS."
My Invention relates to various improvements in tip vans or waggons, and
consists :-
Firstly. In fixing upon the upper surface of each of the two longitudinal side
pieces of the horizontal under or main frame, which is carried upon four wheels, a
slotted piece, preferably of iron, in the slot of which works a pin fixed on each side
of the tipping body of the van or waggon. These pins may be provided with
rollers so as to reduce the friction.
Secondly. In fixing across the under or main frame a metallic bar or plate which
the tipping body of the van or waggon strikes against when first tipped up, and
thus causes the pins fitted on the van or waggon to slide up the slots in the
metallic pieces on the under or main frame. This bar or plate may be fitted with
one or more rollers if necessary.
Thirdly. In making the axle of the hind wheels cranked, the crank being directed
towards the front of the vehicle, thus allowing the rear end of the van or waggon
to tip between the hubs or stocks of the hind wheels.
Fourthly. In fixing the tail board upon the rear end of the under or main frame,
the rear end of the tipping body of the van or waggon sliding between two fixed
uprights provided with suitable packing, thus permitting the van or waggon to
discharge itself when tipped without having to unfasten or remove the tail board,
which remains as an upright fixture upon the under or main frame. The tail
board may be made to open or shut if necessary.
Fifthly. In providing between the sides of the under or main frame a sliding
rod extending towards the front of the vehicle, where it is fitted with a suitable
handle, the other end of the rod being connected by a joint to one end of a link,
the other end of which link is attached by a joint to the under side of the tipping
body of the van or waggon. This rod and link serve to facilitate the tipping of
the van or waggon, or they can be used for tipping it entirely.
Sixthly. In providing both the front and rear ends of the van or waggon with
spring or other suitable catches or fastenings for securing the tipping body and
under or main frame together in their fixed or loading position, such catches being
used separately or together.
The van or waggon may be fitted with or without springs.
According to a modification the slotted pieces are abolished, and the pin fixed to
each side of the tipping body of the van or waggon is .connected to one end of a
crank piece pivotted on the under or main frame, the other end of which is
extended so as to form a quadrant, and is connected to the crank piece on the other
side by a cross rod. To the centre of this rod is fixed one end of a chain which
passes over a small pulley fixed on the under or main frame, and its opposite end
is fixed to the tipping body of the van or waggon in front. By this arrangement
the sliding bar for facilitating the tipping action is not necessary. In order to
prevent the body of the van or waggon tipping too far a small chain is secured also
to the cross rod connecting the quadrant pieces, and passing in the opposite
direction is secured to the back part of the tipping body of the van or waggon.
But in order that iny Invention may be more clearly understood I will proceed
to describe the same by the aid of the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the first arrangement, in which the dotted lines represent the van
or waggon in its fixed position, and the full lines represent the van or waggon in

page_text: its tipped position. A is one of the longitudinal side pieces of the under or inain
frame, and upon which side piece the slotted piece B is fixed; C is the pin fixed on
the side of the tipping body D, and which works in the slotted piece; E is the
metallic bar or plate fixed across the under or main frame, against which the
tipping body D strikes when first tipped up; F is the cranked axle of the hind
wheels, the crank being directed towards the front of the vehicle; G is the tail
board fixed upon the rear end of the under or main frame; H is the sliding rod
between the sides of the under or main frame, which rod extends towards the front
of the vehicle where it is fitted with a suitable handle, the other end being
connected by a joint to one end of a link I, which link is attached at its other end
by a joint to the under side of the tipping body of the van or waggon. In order
to tip up the body of the van or waggon the rod H is pulled forward, which causes
the link I to rise and thereby force the body of the van or waggon upwards. J are
the spring or other fastenings for securing the tipping body and under or main
frame together in their fixed or loading position.
Fig. 2 shows the modification in which the dotted lines represent the van or
waggon in its tipped position, and the full lines represent the van or waggon in its
fixed position. The pin C fixed to the side of the tipping body D is connected to
one end of the crank piece K pivotted on the under or main frame, the other end
of which crank piece is extended so as to form a quadrant, as shown at L. The
two crank pieces K, one on each side of the tipping body D, are connected by a
cross rod. To the centre of this rod is fixed one end of the chain M, which passes
over a small pulley N fixed on the under or main frame, and its opposite end is
fixed to the tipping body D in front. O is the small chain, also secured to the cross
rod and fastened to the back part of the tipping body D for the purpose of
preventing it tipping too far.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim the construction of the
improved tip van or waggon and the arrangement of the parts, substantially as
herein described and shown in the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernest Hora, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Tenth day of February, in the year of our Lord 1881.