An Instrument for Employment in Sharpening Slate and other Pencils, and Articles of like Character, such as Chalks or Crayons, and theation for the Pur ofning a, and for toive or a or, or.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 11th Nov.. 1889-Accepted. 14th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Instrument for Employment in Sharpening Slate and other
Pencils, and Articles of like Character, such as Chalks or
Crayons, and the Adaptation of its Construction for the Purpose
of Combining it with a Holder Tube, and for Fitting it to
Receive or Hold a Pen or Pencil, or Article of like Character.
I, EMMANUEL BALL, of 48 Westbourne Street, Walsall in the County of Stafford,
professor of music, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An instrument constructed according to this invention for employment in sharpening
slate and other pencils and articles of like character, such as chalks or crayons, has,
as an essential feature thereof, a groove V-shaped in cross-section the apex of the V
being at the bottom of the groove and the slanting sides, or one of them, (but
preferably both) file-cut or otherwise roughened so as to file or scrape away the material
of a slate or other pencil or article of like character as the same is rubbed there-
against. To sharpen the pencil or other article as aforesaid its end is simply rubbed
along in the groove while the pencil or other article is held in a slanting position
and turned about.
A convenient application
The invention is capable of considerable modification.
consists in forming the sharpener as a block with a V'd groove formed along its
upper face and with a lug on each end having a hole therethrough by which the
sharpener may be fixed on the frame of a slate or in other convenient position. The
block may be formed in halves longitudinally and each side be formed with two or
more file-cut or roughened faces either of which may be turned into position to form
an inclined side of the groove and thus when one face is worn a fresh one may be
brought into use. In this case the ends of each half may be formed as pivots on
which the halves may be turned to alter the position of the faces, the pivots being
firmly fixed in placo by means of set screws or other appliances, within fixed blocks
by which they are carried, when the faces are properly set; or the ends of the halves
may be formed as studs of the same sectional shape as the halves, and in such case
when it is desired to alter the position of the face a cap is removed from the
block by which the balves are carried and the half is lifted out and replaced with a
fresh face in position. When it is desired that each half shall have more than
one file-cut or roughened face it is convenient to form the halves triangular in cross-
section so as to have three faces each.
A sharpener of the character above described may be carried in one end of a tube
forming a pen or pencil holder, and one end of the sharpener may be formed
cylindrical in shape with a collar around its middle portion to act as a stop against
the end of the tube so that it may either be carried by the aid of such cylindrical part
to project outwards for use or may be concealed within the end of the holder tube.
The cylindrical part may be screw threaded, if desired, on each side of the collar, to
screw into the end of the holder tube. The outer end of the cylindrical part may, if
desired, be formed to carry a pen or pencil or article of like character.
When the sharpener is combined with a holder tube it will be convenient to form it
in sheet stoel having a part of its periphery cylindrical and the other part formed of
an inward V-shape by bending down a part of the sheet metal into the hollow
cylindrical part, and the sides of this V'd part are file-cut or roughened. The part
to fit within the holder is formed as a hollow cylinder, and if it is desired to combine
a pen there with the outer end of the cylindrical part may be formed as an ordinary
holder therefor, and a piece of indiarubber or other suitable material is placed within
the hollow cylindrical part to prevent the ink running through from the pen into the
sharpener. The cylindrical part should have a collar raised around its centre to act

page_text: as a stop in pushing it into the end of the holder tube, and a thread may be formed
upon the cylindrical part on each side of the collar for screwing it into the end of
the holder tube.
Date this 8th day of February 1889.
STEPHEN
WATKINS,
Walsall and Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
An Instrument for Employment in Sharpening Slate and other
Pencils, and Articles of like Character, such as Chalks or
Crayons, and the Adaptation of its Construction for the Purpose
of Combining it with a Holder Tube, and for Fitting it to
Receive or Hold a Pen or Pencil, or Article of like Character.
1, EMMANUEL BALL of 48 Westbourne Road, Walsall in the County of Stafford
Professor of Music do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:—
This invention relates to sharpeners for slate pencils, crayons and other like
materials, employed in writing, drawing and sketching; and which said sharpeners or
pointers, which are made from cast, wrought, or other motal, may be employed as
rests or sheaths for the said articles as herein described.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing, represents in front elevation, a corner of
a slate, provided with a slate pencil, or other like sharpener made according to my
invention.
Figure 2 shows a section of the slate, and an edge view of the said sharpener, which
is made of cast metal.
Figure 3 represents a transverse section of the said slate and sharpener, while
figure represents a sharpener with ratchet shaped serrations or teeth, instead of
V shaped serrations or teeth as in figure 1.
Figure 5 represents a sharpener, provided with a slitted middle, wherethrough the
fine or powdered material, made consequent upon the sharpening of a pencil or the
like. passes.
Figure 6 is a side elevation of the same showing the body of the sharpener elevated
above the attached ends.
Figure 7 represents a sharpener provided with spike means of attachinent, instead
of by screws or small nails.
Figure 8 represents a sharpener made from sheet metal, and with the bottom or
spaces intervening between the teeth or cutters left open, wherethrough the powdered
dust on sharpening, outwardly passes.
Figure 9 is a side elevation, while figure 10 shows a section of some of the cutting
teeth of the sharpener, upon an enlarged scale.
The pencil sharpener figures 1 and 2, consists of a raised body part y, having a
serrated channel b, directed up its middle, and to near the ends a thereof, which have
screw holes a, through them, for the affixing of the said appliance to the wood
framing e, of a slate c, by small screws.
The serrations or teeth, are V shaped, whilst the channel b, whoso sides slant down-
wards to the base, are of the inclination and shape required to be given to a
sharpened pencil.
To sharpen a pencil, pass the end to be sharponed, into the serrated channel or
groove, whilst holding it at an auglo of about 30 degrees, then reciprocato and
slowly rotate the said pencil, when the said end will be gradually reduced and
pointed.
In figure 5, the powdered material accruing from the sharpening, passes outwardly
through the nick or longitudinal gap a', directed at the bottom of the channel or

page_text: groove, whose sides are serrated or provided with teeth or cutters of V, ratchot, or
other shapes, as aforesaid.
It will be seen from the said figure 5, that the attachment ends a³, are at a lower
elevation, than the body of the sharpener, whilst in figure 7, the attachment of the said
sharpeners, may be effected by spikes a, disposed on the undersides and ends a³, of
the bodies of the sharpeners.
Referring to the sheet metal pencil sharpener figure 8, a is the body of the same,
ba sunken channel, directed along its middle to near its ends, a² the attachment ends,
disposed at a lower level than the underside of the channel and a downwardly directed
spike ends, which are driven into the wooden frame of the slate.
The cutting surface of the channel b, is made by piercing the metal at equidistant
points, and throwing upwards an inward burr, or cutting edge, of the boundary edges,
so that when in use, a pencil is moved to a fro within the channel, and the powdered
material passes outwardly through the piercings, whilst sharpening is performed by
the cutting edges, which are directed upwardly and inwardly.
Although I have described the said appliance, as a means for the sharpening of
slate pencils, crayons chalks and like articles, yet I wish it to be understood that the
said appliance may be used as a pencil, pen, brush, or other rest or holder; aud
further, that the said sharpener can be employed in combination with a holder for
various purposes.
Or the sharpener may be made with barrel or loop ends, wherein the point end of
a pencil, may be made to pass and be protected thereby.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. A pencil sharpener, consisting of an attachment plate or body-part, with a
serrated roughened or toothed channel, directed up its middle, substantially as
described and set forth.
Secondly. A pencil sharpener, consisting of a cast metal body part, with a V shaped
and serrated channel, and end attachment parts, as set forth in figures 1, 2, 3
and 4.
Thirdly. Providing pencil sharpeners of the kind referred to in the preceding
claims, with gapped or open bottoms, for the purpose as described and set forth in
figures 5 and 6.
Fourthly. Making pencil sharpeners, with serrated or cutter channels, from sheet
metal or sheet steol, substantially as described and set forth in figures 8. 9 and 10.
Fifthly. Securing pencil or like sharpeners to slate frames or articles, by spikes,
cast or formed in one piece with the metal of said sharpeners, as set forth in figures 7,
8 9 and 10.
Sixthly. A combined pencil sharpener and pen, pencil or other rest or sheath,
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 8th day of Novemba 1000
EMMANUEL BALL.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.