Improvements in or relating to Burglar and Fire Proof Shutters.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 28th Oct., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Burglar and Fire Proof Shutters.
I, EDMUND H. LUNKEN, of 34 Grand Street, Walnut Hills Cincinnati,
Hamilton County, Ohio, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following.
statement :-
My invention has for its object the production of a shutter and grating for
windows in which parallel metal bars, properly spaced and permanently secured,
though free to be oscillated in the window frame outside of the window, form a
burglar proof grating at all times; also the attachment to such oscillating bars of
slats which are opened or closed by the oscillation of the bars; also the provision
of means for oscillating said bars simultaneously to operate the slats; and in other
details and modifications to be specified.
The novelty of my invention will be hereinafter set forth and specifically pointed
out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings :-
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is an outside elevation of a window embodying my invention,
under one form of construction, and with the sashes removed.
Figure 2, Sheet 1, is a sectional plan view of Fig. 1, with the slats open.
Figure 3, Sheet 1, is a sectional plan view of Fig. 1, with the slats closed.
Figure 4, Sheet 2, is a perspective view from the outside of a window embodying
my invention under a modified form of construction.
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, Sheet 2, are transverse sections of a bar and its slat, each
representing a modification in the construction of the bar and manner of attaching
the slat.
The same letters of reference are used to indicate identical parts in all the
figures.
My invention while applicable to all windows, is designed more particularly for
stores, factories, and ware-houses, where it is desirable to have protection both
from burglars and fires, and in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A represents any window frame
into which is fitted and secured a metal frame B with a horizontal cross piece C of
metal, at or about the middle of the frame.
Journaled vertically in the top and bottom bars of the frame B, and through the
bar C, are a series of parallel and vertical metal bars D, each, in this instance,
being constructed of half round bars, preferably steel, between each pair of which
is riveted a slat E of flat material, preferably steel or aluminum or of any other
substance having fire resisting qualities, as prepared asbestos. The slats preferably
project on both sides of the bar, but more on the outside than on the inside, as seen
in Fig. 2. For windows comparatively low in height, the. bar C may be omitted,
in which case the slat for each bar would be continuous, but where the bar C is
employed, the slats have to be divided at the bar, making two for each bar D, one
above and the other below the bar C, as will be readily understood. The bars D
are placed so close together as to prevent the passage between them of a human
form, so that when the slats are open to admit light, as in Fig. 2, the window is
still burglar proof.
Suitably secured to each of the bars D, preferably at or near the middle, is a
crank arm F, each of which is pivoted to a horizontal bar G, by moving which
longitudinally all of the bars D will be simultaneously oscillated on their axes to
open or close the slats E. The slats when open, stand at right angles to the plane
of the window, as shown in Fig. 2, and when closed, as shown in Fig. 3, they

page_text: overlap each other and lie in a plane substantially parallel with the window, the
long projecting side of one slat resting upon the short projecting side of the next
slat, as shown, thus entirely closing the window frame and rendering the window
both fire and burglar proof.
The bar G may be operated directly by hand to open or close. the slats and
it may have at each enda perforation a which will register with a perforation
in the lug at each side of the. window frame, when the slats are opened or
closed, and a pin inserted through these perforations will serve to hold the slats
locked in either their open or closed condition, for instance, when the slats are
open, as in Fig. 2, the perforation a at the right will register with the perfora-
tion in the 'lug at the right to receive the locking pin, and when the slats are
closed, as in Fig. 3 the perforation a at the left, will register with the perforation
in the lug at the left to receive the locking pin, as will be readily understood.
While the above, forms an effective operating and locking device, it necessitates
the opening of the sash to get at the bar G, and I prefer a construction which
enables me to operate the bar G to open or close. the slats from the inside,
without necessitating the opening: or closing of the window sash. The means for
this is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, where c is a handled rod journaled in the
frame A, with the handle on the inside.. On the inner side of the rod c is a
short crank arm d, to which is pivoted a linke having a perforation at its inner
end, through which passes a pin projecting from the bar G. Upon turning the
rod C the bar G is moved either to the right or left, to oscillate the bars D and
open or close the slats. The adjustment is such, that. when the slats are entirely
open or entirely closed, the pin f, link e and crank d are on a dead centre so that a
lock is thereby formed to prevent the slats from being either opened or closed from
the outside or in any way, except by turning the handled rod c, as will be readily
understood..
The use of aluminum for the slats, has the advantage that it not only resists a
very high degree of heat, but it is very light in weight and will not tarnish and is
an excellent reflector so that the use of the bars and slats does not darken the
window when the slats are open..
In Fig. 4, I have shown a modification, adapted for windows inaccessible to
burglars, such as the upper windows of a building. Here the frame B is divided
into an upper section H carrying the aluminum slats, which section is hinged at its
upper edge to the frame of the window so that it can be swung out to form: an
awning or be closed and locked in any suitable manner. The lower part of the
frame may have two sections, I J with slats hinged to the side of the window frame
and arranged to be opened or closed and locked in any suitable manner. Under
this formn, the bars D may be dispensed with, as fire protection only..is sought,
and the slats may have dowels at their ends upon which they are pivoted in the
frames.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3. and 8; I have shown the bars D as each composed of two half
round pieces with the slats secured between them, which is my preferred construc-
tion. In Fig. 7, the bars Dare of T shaped metal. with the slats. riveted to one
flange, while the opposite flange serves as a ledge, for the adjacent slat to rest on
when the slats are closed... There would be no difficulty in journalling the ends of
these bars in the frame, for the ends could-be shaped to fit the apertures. in the
frame!
In Fig. 5, the bars D₁ are shown solid and flattened on one side, against which
flattened portion the slats are riveted. In Fig. 6, the bars D' are cam shaped in
cross section with the slats inserted in slots on one side and secured in place and
with a ledge or shoulder g on the opposite side for the adjacent slat to rest on when
closed:
While I have shown the invention as applicable. to windows, it will be understood
that it is also applicable to doors and while I have shown the bars D journaled in
the bars of the frame B, such frame can be dispensed with in windows and the
bars D can be journaled directly in the top and bottom sills of the window:

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A combined grating and shutter, composed of a series of parallel oscillating
metal bars to form the grating, and a series of slats secured to said bars and actuated
by the oscillation of the bars to be opened or closed.
2. A combined grating and shutter, composed of a series of parallel oscillating
bars to form a grating, means for oscillating them simultaneously and slats secured
to said bars and actuated by the oscillation of the bars to be opened or closed.
3. The combination with a wall opening, of a series of parallel oscillating metal
bars, slats secured thereto, means for oscillating said bars and slats simultaneously
to open or close the slats, and means for locking the slats and bars when adjusted.
4. A combined grating and shutter, composed of a series of two part parallel
oscillating metal bars to form the grating, and a series of slats secured to and
between said bars and actuated by the oscillation of the bars to be opened or
closed.
5. In a wall opening, the combination of the parallel oscillating metal bars D,
the slats E secured thereto, the arms F secured to the bars D and pivoted to the
cross bar G, the cross bar G, and means for locking the latter, substantially as
described.
6. In a wall opening, the combination of the parallel oscillating metal bars D,
the slats E secured thereto, the arms F secured to the bars D and pivoted to the
cross bar G, the cross bar G, the link e the pin ƒ and crank handle cd, substantially
as described.
Thand thin 9th day of Santember 1893
EDMUND H. LUNKEN,
Per pro R. Haddan,
Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicant.