DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Year: 1891

page_text: .Date of Application, 8th May, 1891-Accepted, 15th Aug., 1891
Illinois, United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
To enable the invention to be properly understood, I will proceed to describe
the same with the aid of the accompanying drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front view with one-half of the front removed.
Figure 2 is a section through the same.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section through the. transverse air-passage.
Figure 4 is a detail plan view of. the grate.
'
Figure 5 is a side view of a locomotive or. marine boiler.
Figure 6 is an end view of the same.
Figures 7 and 8 are details of the air injector.
Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 17. are details of parts for the construction
of the furnace front.
Figure 16 is a detail of the pipe and connections for the device to the furnace of
a locomotive or marine boiler.
Like parts are indicated by like letters in all the figures.
D is a steam pipe leading from any source of steam, and opening into the
transverse pipe F which lies in a transverse air space or passage in the front wall
of the furnace. G G are a series of air injectors connected with such steam pipe
and terminating each in a discharge nozzle G¹ which projects into the furnace.
OO are a series of vertical air chambers or passages which pass upward from the
ash chamber or front of the furnace to the transverse passage or chamber in which
the pipe F lies. M is the front of the boiler furnace, M₁ the brick wall therein.
U is the opening into the furnace and V the furnace doors and V₁ the ashpit doors.
P is the ash pit, S the transverse bearing bar, and R R the furnace bars lying
thereon. T is a rear grated plate which fills up the back curved part of the
furnace grate. The front wall of the furnace could be provided with the proper
air passages or chambers for the reception of the transverse air pipe and the air
injector connected therewith in any desired manner, but a very good, if not the
best form of arrangement to bring about the desired result, is that shown in the
several detailed figures wherein the construction and relation of the various boxes
and plates desirable for supporting such furnace walls, are shown. It will be
understood of course, that some of these several parts could be varied as to size
and shape and proportion, and some could be dispensed with without materially
changing the construction of the front wall when finished. It is also understood
that the several plates and boxes are suitably surrounded by and encased in and
support the brick or other fire proof material used in the construction of furnace
walls. I now proceed to describe these several parts.
Two boxes S¹ S¹ are supported centrally by the short plates and within the wall,
and transversely disposed so as to form a transverse air-chamber or passage in
which the pipe F may lie. They are upwardly curved as at S³ for the opening
and are connected by the apertures S with each other and perforated on their
lower sides at the points S2 S2. S'S' are vertical plates upon which the inner
ends of these boxes rest, and S6 is a perforation in the base plate whereby an air
passage is made from the ash chamber between the plates S5 into the boxes S¹ S¹.
ID Q17

page_text: SBS are vertical boxes open at both ends and adapted to support on the outer end
of each of the boxes S', on the base plate and form an air passage from the ash
pit to the outer end of such box S1. S12 is a curved plate conforming to the
curvature S3 and when built in continuous therewith, having the grooves St $10 as
shown, into which the vertical plates S" pass. S" is a front curved piece, similar
to the plate S2. The curved pieces S1 S2 and S3 form arches for the openings
into the furnace through which the ordinary fuel is supplied. These several plates
and boxes may be provided as indicated with lugs S S S 13. These or additional
lugs might be used to secure the parts in position. These plates and boxes are of
course used to support the brick, clay and the like of the furnace wall, in the
manner shown in Figures 1 and 2, the object being to furnish air passages within
the furnace wall leading to and surrounding the pipe F.
I have described the operation of my improvements as applied to a brick furnace,
but I also show and now wish to describe its application to locomotive or marine
boilers, or water jacketed furnaces. The elements will of course be to a con-
siderable extent, the same, at least so far as the air injector and steam pipe
arrangements are concerned.
Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the features not heretofore enumerated are as
follows: A is the furnace, and E is a steam pipe which passes forward from the
pipe D and is adapted at its forward end to discharge into the base of the smoke
stack so as to furnish an artificial draught if desired. H is a pipe which passes
through the sleeve J which sleeve is set in the side of the furnace wall, passes
through the water space, is put in with an expander, and beaded down at both
ends. This pipe H is held in position by the nut K so that the steam and air may
be discharged from the injector G into the furnace chamber.
The form of the injector is shown in Figures 7 and 8 where F represents the steam
pipe provided with a series of short lateral pipes G terminating each in the tip G³
within the surrounding globe G. Projecting from this globe is the pipe G¹ and
transversely disposed within the same is a centrally perforated diaphragm G². The
steam is discharged from the tip G³ and the air passing in through the side
apertures of the globe is forced by the rush of steam through the pipe G¹ into the
furnace.
The use and operation of my invention are sufficiently shown in the drawings
and the foregoing description, but it may be well to state that a continuous
but comparatively small discharge of steam is made through the discharge
nozzles G G¹.
Referring to the brick furnace, the large air passages O opening upward from
the ash pit take the air more or less heated and deliver it about the globes of the
injectors whence it is injected into the furnace, the air and steam being mixed
preferably so as to have oxygen and hydrogen in the proportion of 50 to 1. The
oxygen of the air when it is taken in suitable proportions and mingled with
hydrogen from the steam in suitable proportions, forms a mixture which is
discharged into the furnace and is capable of and does combine with suitable
carbon carrying vapors or gases to create or generate what is known as a water
gas, which water gas so generated and created burns within the furnace producing
a high degree of heat and making a practically brief combustion. In this way the
device also operates in a substantially satisfactory manner as a smoke preventer.
The diaphragm performs two functions. In the first place it is desirable for the
purpose of enabling me to adjust the injector by making the discharge aperture of
exactly the right diameter for the diaphragm to be put in place and then sub-
sequently bored out to the exact desired diameter. The diaphragm may be
variously positioned with reference to the discharge tip, but is preferably slightly
in advance of it. The diaphragm also serves the purpose of deadening the noise
which otherwise would be made by the action of the injector.
When the device is applied to a locomotive boiler, the parts are conveniently
associated in the manner shown in Figures 5, 7 and 16, but this arrangement may
be varied. The injectors in this case take air from without. The grate rests

page_text: upon the transverse metal bearing bars as indicated. The injecting pipe as shown
at G Figs. 7 and 8, is provided with an aperture as nearly as may be of the same
diameter of that of the pipe and the tip is provided with a small aperture. In
some instances I continue the large aperture into one end of the tip and as nearly
as possible to the discharge end for the purpose of securing the greatest pressure
at the greatest point of discharge. This tip is preferably made of non-corrosive,
non-cutting substance, as certain kinds of bronze.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. An injector for a furnace provided with a transverse centrally perforated
diaphragm through which the air and steam pass into the furnace.
2. In a water gas furnace a front wall having a transverse air passage or way
with vertical air passages leading to it, and a steam pipe in the transverse passage
and a series of air injectors connected with the steam pipe and projecting through
the wall into the furnace.
3. A furnace wall consisting of a series of boxes tubes or plates built up or
constructed as shown so as to provide an upper transverse passage or box with
lower vertical passages or boxes leading thereto so that the air is taken from the
ash pit to the upper transverse box and thence discharged into the furnace.
4. The combination with a locomotive furnace of a steam pipe leading from it to
the base of the smoke stack to produce the draft, pipes leading from the steam
pipe to two or more sides of the furnace, and injectors connected with such steam
pipes and adapted to receive air and discharge into the furnace.
5. A furnace front built up of plates and boxes in the proportions and sub-
stantially as shown and described.
6. A furnace grate supported and constructed as shown.
7. An air injector as described and shown in Figures 7 and 8.
8. A tip and connections therefrom for air injectors substantially as shown and
described.
9. Making fluid fuel for furnaces by discharging into the furnace atmospheric
oxygen and hydrogen with steam in such manner and in such proportions as with
these gases combine with suitable quantities of carbon generated from the artificial
fuel in the furnace to create with is known as water gas which then burns within
the furnace.
Dated this 8th day of May 1891.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicant.