IMPROVEMENTS IN ADDING FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles de Bergue, of 10, Strand, in the City of
Westminster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ADDING FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS."
Sealed the 24th November 1865, and dated the 5th June 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles de Bergue at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th June 1865.
I, CHARLES DE BERGUE, of 10, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS," to be as
follows:-
The said Invention has reference to machinery or apparatus for " finning,"
trimming, or finishing the heads of rivets by punching off from them the "fin"
or burr or rough irregular edge at the base of the head with which they are
in the first instance produced or delivered from machines of various
descriptions, the said "finning being effected by tubular or annular
punches and dies, through which the rivets are passed as they are acted upon
successively.
"
convenient
The Invention embraces the following features used in any
combination or separately, namely, machines. or apparatus made with a pair
of fixed dies and a corresponding pair of moving-punches or rivet holders, the

page_text: dies being situate at opposite extremities or ends of the frame, and in line
with each other, and the rivet holders being carried by and at opposite
extremities or ends of a reciprocating carrier moving horizontally between
the dies, and having the line of motion corresponding with the line or relative
position of the dies as above set forth. The carrier may work in guides or
slides, and motion be given thereto by a crank pin or by an excentric working
into a slide block moving vertically in the carrier. The shaft of the crank
pin and the crank pin may be cast in one piece, the body of the shaft being
made large enough to allow of the crank pin giving sufficient throw and being
strong enough for its work. One end of the shaft may carry a driving wheel,
and the opposite end, excepting the crank pin thereon, may be faced for the
carrier to bear against, so as to steady it in its vertical position. The die
holding extremities of the frame may be made conveniently to admit of a boy
or attendant at each end having free access with both hands from either side
to place the unfinished rivets into the holder, and to push out the finished one
if necessary; and with this object the brackets or arms or parts of the frame
actually carrying the dies may be made to project upwards, and to a small
extent laterally from the frame of the machine; and those surfaces of such
brackets which are immediately beneath where the burrs or cuttings would
be produced and fail may be made inclined, to prevent the said burrs or
cuttings lodging, or to permit their being easily removed. Also the carrier
may be made to hold within it and behind each punch or rivet holder a safety
or crushing piece, intended to yield by breaking in the event of undue strain,
and thus preserve the machine from injury by purposely sacrificing the
crushing piece. The dies and punches or rivet holders are intended to be
changeable, according to the size required, and the machines or apparatus,
as above described, may be varied to accommodate moving tubular punches
or rivet holders and fixed dies.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of. the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles de Bergue in the Great Seal Patent Office on the s
2nd December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DE BERGUE, of 10, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 3.
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles de Bergue, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
de Bergue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as 1, the said Charles de Bergue, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RIVETS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles de Bergue; my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles de Bergue, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying illustrative
Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon for the purpose of
such reference, that is to say:-
My said Invention has reference to machinery or apparatus for “|
"finning,"
trimming, or finishing the heads of rivets by punching off from them the "fin"
or burr or rough irregular edge at the base of the head with which they
are in the first instance produced or delivered from machines of various
descriptions, the said "finning" being effected by tubular or annular punches
and dies, through which the rivets are passed as they are acted upon
successively.
My Invention embraces the following features used in any convenient
combination or separately.
Firstly, machines or apparatus being made with a pair of stationary dies
and a corresponding pair of moving punches or rivet holders, the dies being
situate at opposite extremities or ends of the frame and in line with each'
other, and the rivet holders being carried by and at opposite extremities or
ends of a reciprocating carrier moving horizontally between the dies, and
having the line of motion corresponding with the line or relative position of
the dies as above set forth,
T

page_text: Secondly, the carrier being made to work in guides or slides, and motion
being given thereto by a crank pin or by an eccentrix working into a slide
block moving vertically in the carrier.
:
Thirdly, the shaft of the crank pin and the crank pin being cast in one
piece, the body of the shaft being made large enough to allow of the crank
pin giving sufficient throw and being strong enough for its work.
Fourthly, one end of the shaft being made to carry a driving wheel, and
the opposite end, excepting the crank pin thereon, being faced for the carrier
to bear against so as to steady it in its vertical position.
Fifthly, the die holding extremities of the frame being constructed in the
manner immediately next herein [stated, conveniently to admit of a boy or
attendant at each end baving free access with both hands from either side
to place the unfinished rivets into the holder and to push out the finished ones
if necessary; and with this object the brackets or arms, or parts of the frame
actually carrying the dies, being made to project upwards, and to a small
extent laterally, from the frame of the 'machine, and those surfaces of such
brackets which are immediately beneath where the burrs or cuttings would
be produced and fall being made inclined, to prevent the said burrs or cuttings
lodging, or to permit their being easily removed.
Sixthly, the carrier being made to hold within it and behind each punch
or rivet holder a safety or crushing piece intended to yield by breaking in the
event of undue strain, and thus to preserve the machine from injury by
purposely sacrificing the crushing piece.
And, lastly, the so fitting the machines with dies and with punches or
rivet holders that the several tools may be changed according to the size
required.
The Sheet No. 1 of the said Drawings shews several views of a rivet
finning machine, and more particularly illustrates the several features of my
said Invention as above set forth.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section; Figure 2 a plan view partly
in section; and Figure 3 an end view. The size represented is about one-
quarter of the actual linear dimensions, but may be varied.
A is the frame of the machine; B, B, the stationary dies placed in the
bracketed ends or arms C, C, of the frame; D, D, the punches or rivet
holders at the extremities of the horizontally moving carrier E; F, F, the s
slides or guides in the frame in which the carrier works; G, vertical guide
race in carrier for the slide block H, in which the crank piu I works; G*,
cap or face covering guide race and slide block; K, crank shaft in one
with the pin; L, driving wheel on one end of shaft, the other end or part K*

page_text: of the shaft being faced to bear against the carrier; L, pinion for actuating
driving wheel; L³, fly wheel on pinion shaft; L, L, fast and loose pullies
on pinion shaft. The several Figures shew the upward and lateral projections
of the arms C, C, and the parts marked C* are the surfaces which are inclined
to prevent lodgment of the burrs or cuttings produced by the tools. M, the
safety or crushing piece, one in each end of carrier, but one only of which is
seen in the Drawing. These are constructed of cast iron, and turned to the
form, shewn, their narrowest diameters determining the limit of strain, and
being in accordance with any intended maximum of strain to which it may be
judged that the machine should be subjected. In other parts they are fitted
centrally within the carrier. In using the machine the rivets to be.finned
are to be placed by the attendants in the punches or holders D, when the
reciprocating movement of the carrier will cause them to be brought against
and submitted to the action of the dies B. After being trimmed they will
spring or fall out of the punches or holders D, or, if not, they should be
removed by the attendants and replaced by others to be operated upon. It
should be noted that the several tools are shewn as accurately fitting into
proper seatings in the frame and carrier, and that the method of fitting will
allow them to be changed and others of different size to be substituted as
required.
The Sheet No. 2 of the said Drawings illustrates a very convenient modifica-
tion of the machine as above described, by which the rivet finning process may
be combined with rivet making. For convenience of description the two halves
of the combined machine are marked with the large characters Y and Z.
The half Y corresponds generally with the finning machine represented in
Sheet No. 1. The half Z and certain parts common to both halves present
the following differences:-a is a cutter fixed to the carrier E and moving
horizontally and longitudinally therewith, having four cutting edges, two of
which (1 and 3) may be used when moving in one direction, and the other
two (2 and 4) when moving in the opposite direction. a** is a guage stop
or screw for regulating the length of the blanks or short lengths to be cut
off from a heated rod of iron or other metal. The blanks so cut off may then,
before they become cooled, be submitted to the action of the holder and
heading tools 6, 6x, fitted to the carrier E and to the bracketed arm C of the
frame. These are so fitted as to be changeable for others as desired. is a
jingle pin for pushing out rivet when headed, and this pin is changeable for
another of a different length, with or without otherwise changing the tools to
accommodate rivets of a different length but same diameter; M, safety or
crushing piece, as already explained with respect to finning process, but fitted

page_text: in this instance to the bracketed arm C; t and u, set screw and nut bearing
against crushing piece, and pressing it against heading tool 6* to keep it
properly up to its duty. In using the machine the blank or short length of
rod to be headed should be placed by an attendant into the holder b; when
the carrier will bring it against and submit it to the action of the heading
tool 6x After being headed the rivet will be forced out by the jingle pin s,
the back end of which will strike against the cotter (fixed to the frame of
the machine) when the carrier and the said pin within it are withdrawn ;
way or groove in carrier for the cotter **. The rivet will then fall into
one of the inclined guides or troughs v, v, which will retain it till removed to.
be headed. Two of these troughs are shewn, as the machine generally is
shewn, constructed for interchange of tools as required; so as not only to
accommodate different sizes of rivets, but, if desired, to work the rivet making
at either end or half of the machine.
I would remark that I herein make no claim to the use of safety pieces M
in rivetting machines generally, excepting so far as they may be used in
combination with and for the purposes of this my present Invention. :
1. 7
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles de Bergue, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of December; in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.