mprovements in Machines for Mixing Dough, the said : Machines being applicable for Mixing Ground Substances with' Liquid' Substances generally.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Anglication: 19th Sept:; 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov.,
1895
Date of Application: 19th Sept:; 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov.,
1895
0
5
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION!
mprovements in Machines for Mixing Dough, the said : Machines
being applicable for Mixing Ground Substances with' Liquid'
Substances generally.
I, DAVID ESPLIN THOMSON, of Gillespie Street Works, Gilmore Place,
Edinburgh, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
nvention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :---
My invention is to provide an improved machine for mixing or kneading dough,
and relates more especially to machines in which the arrangement is such that by
the action of the stirrers or blades the substances to be mixed into a plastic mass
are, when the cranks are driven in the same direction, caused by the action of the
stirrers or blades thereon to be worked towards the centre, and when the cranks
are driven in opposite directions, whilst the one set of stirrers or blades draws the
material to be mixed towards the centre, the stirrers or blades on the other crank
tend to work the substances being mixed from the centre towards the ends, and
has for its object to give a more powerful and thorough mixing motion, a real
kneading action, and to lessen the driving power required: also to provide suitable
means for preventing the liquids or acids used in the manufacture of the dough
from entering the bearings of the stirrers or kneaders, and also to prevent the
lubricant from entering the pan.
My improved apparatus consists essentially in having two revolving stirrers or
kucaders, each being in the form of a double helix and so supported that one
revolves inside the other. These stirrers or kneaders are provided with arms
which assist the kneading of the dough. These will be referred to in the
description as the inner and outer stirrers or kneaders respectively. Owing to the
shape of the stirrers, the dough or other mixture is given in the pan a gyrative and
distributive movement by which uniformity in the consistency in the mass is
assured. To prevent the liquids from coming in contact with the lubricant I have
an annular space between the journal of the inner stirrer and that of the outer
stirrer also openings or passages in the outer stirrer journal, through which any
liquids which might pass the packing escape, all as clearly shown in Figure 7.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a machine showing the stirrers in position,
and a section through the bearings of the same.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal view of the inner stirrer.
Figure 3 is a section and end view of the inner stirrer..
Figure 4 is a longitudinal view of the outer stirrer.
Figure 5 is a section and end view of the outer stirrer.
Figure 6 shows the stirrers in their relative positions.
Figures 7 and 8 are respectively section and end view of the journals showing
in the same.
the annular
and
space
passages
In the several figures the same letters of reference indicate corresponding
10 parts.
a is the pan end, and is the trunnion, which is attached to the pan end, and
carries the stirrers or kneaders c and l. The outer stirrer c is attached to the
crank end d by means of the rivets e and is securely held in position by the feather
which is cast or otherwise secured to the ends of the outer stirrer c, and let int

page_text: the crank d. g are the projecting blades on the outer stirrer c, which assist the
kneading of the dough or mixture. Cast on the crank d is the journal or sleeve h,
which is hollow and is provided with openings j. The journal has a long liner or
bush k, in which works the journal of the inner stirrer l, which is provided with
projecting blades. n is the crank end; o the journal of the inner stirrer 1, which
works in the liner k, the said liner k being fixed inside the journal or sleeve h.
p is a metal packing ring to prevent the liquids entering the journal. is the
annular space which allows any liquids which might pass p to escape, and also
prevents the lubricant from entering the pan. r is a screwed recess in the
journals o of the inner stirrer for holding the lubricants. s is a screw plug,
which on being turned, forces the lubricant along the passages t and thus lubricates
all the bearings by one operation of the plug s.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The special helical form given to the mixers or stirrers which effect an equal
longitudinal and vertical mixing of tenacious substances like bread doughs, such
longitudinal mixing action being positive owing to the propeller form and double
helix form given to both blades, substantially as described and illustrated on the
drawings.
2. The combination of perforated sleeve or journal and the annular space round
journal and passages in sleeve whereby the liquids which might pass the packing
are allowed to escape and also prevent the lubricant entering the mixing pan.
3. The general arrangement and operation of the machine constructed sub-
stantially as herein before described and shown on the drawings.
Dated this 18th day of September 1895.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.