Improvements in and connected with Drawing-apparatus.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Drawing-apparatus.
I, ROBERT RICHTER, of 52 Mittelstrasse, Cologne, in the Province of the Rhine,
German Empire, Lithographer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved drawing-apparatus the purpose of which
is to enable any person to sketch or copy objects of any kind whilst looking at
them, through a transparent table or plate from a fixed or stationary point of sight
The contours antl lines of the objects regarded in this way are drawn after upon
the table or plate, which, of course, is situated between the stationary point of
sight and the objects to be copied. The condition of the table or plate must,
therefore, be such that lines can be drawn upon it, and that the objects to be
copied can distinctly enough be seen through it.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing.
The standards a (Figs. 1-3) support a frame 6 by means of pivots b¹ secured to
said frame. The latter is grooved so as to be able to receive a glass-plate c.
Slotted arms & movably attached to the frame b take around the standards a, and
may be fixed in any desired position by means of screws held by said standards.
Thus, by displacing the arms d upon the screws k the frame b with the glass-
plate c may be adjusted in a manner corresponding to the position of the objects
to be copied.
The lefthand leg of the U-shaped frame b is provided with a slot f through
which passes one end of a piece of tube g that may be adjusted in height within
said slot f, and may be secured in any height to the frame b, or to the respective
leg of the same respectively. The tube g contains a rod m which may be displaced
within said tube, and may be fixed in any position. Another rod o held by the
front-end of the rod m may be displaced within the thickened head of said rod and
may also be fixed in any position. That end of the rod o which lies opposite to the
glass-plate c carries the sight-disk h. The latter is provided with an aperture h¹,
(Figure 4) that widens in the direction to the plate c.
If an object, for instance a landscape, shall be copied, the plate c is first
properly adjusted with aid of the arms d and the screws k, in such a manner,
that the respective landscape appears in proper site upon the plate c when regarded
through the sight-disk h. The draughtsman must lay his eye quite near to the
sight-disk, when he must be able to see upon the plate c-the landscape desired,
so that he can draw after the contours and lines of the same.
It is of importance that no displacement of the point of sight, and no disturb-
ance by by-rays, can take place. These objects are attained by letting the front-
diameter of the aperture ¹ be but very small, and by letting said aperture widen
in the direction to the glass-plate, as afore described.
It is further of importance that the front-surface of the glass-plate be rough
enough to allow of the making of lines by a black or coloured pencil, without,

page_text: however. impairing the transparency of the glass-plate in such a degree that the
draughtsman be hindered from distinctly seeing everything he wishes to copy.
It is finally of importance that the sight-disk be adjustable with regard to its
height as well as to its distance from the plate, and also to the right or left.
As to roughing the glass-plate this may be attained on a chemical way, as well
as on a mechanical one; for instance by suitable acid or gas, or by a sand blowing-
machine; and as to the means for adjusting the sight-disk these have afore been
described.
The glass-plate c may well be provided with squares, as shown in Figure 5,
which facilitates transferring the drawing on paper or the like..
ROBERT RICHTER.
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in and connected with Drawing-apparatus.
I, ROBERT RICHTER, a resident of Cologne, Mittel Strasse 52, in the Province of
the Rhine, German Empire, Lithographer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved drawing-apparatus the purpose of which
is to enable any person to sketch or copy objects of any kind whilst looking at
them through a transparent table or plate from a fixed or stationary point of sight.
The contours and lines of the objects regarded ir this way are drawn after upon
the table or plate, which of course, is situated between the stationary point of
sight and the objects to be copied. The condition of the table or plate must,
therefore, be such that lines can be drawn upon it, and that the objects to be
copied can distinctly enough be seen through it.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing,
in which:
Figure 1 is a front view of the apparatus,
Figure 2 is a side-view of the same,
Figure 3 a plan, and
Figure 4 shows in full size the disc of sight h in front view and section..
In the stand a, Figures 1 & 3, is movably supported a frame b; the latter is
grooved so as to be able to receive a glass-plate c. By means of the slotted guide d
and adjusting screw and hinges d², the frame b. and with the same the glass-
plate c can be fixed in any desired angle or position. Thus, by displacing the
guide d upon the screws d' and hinges the glass-plate c may be adjusted in the
manner corresponding to the position of the objects to be copied.
On one side of the U-shaped frame b a tube g is provided, that may be adjusteil
from left to right, as also from top to bottom, i.e permitting of lateral displace-
ment as well as adjustment in height. The tube g contains a rod m, which may be
displaced within said tube and may be fixed in any position by means of the
screw m¹. The front end of the rod m carries the rod o, the end of the rod o
opposite the glass-plate c, carrying the sight disc h. The said sight disc h is
adjustable and can be fixed in position by means of the screw o'.
The movements of the tube g or the rod m are therefore conveyed to the disc h,
by means of which the said disc h can be adjusted to, any position. The disc has
shown in Figure 4 is provided with a central aperture which widens in the
direction to the plate c. The stand or platform a is intended to receive the draw-

page_text: ing materials, instruments and the like, said stand or platform being provided
with pointed feet to keep the apparatus rigid when in use.
The apparatus is employed as follows:
If an object, for instance a landscape is to be copied, the plate c is so adjusted
by means of the adjusting screw d' that the respective landscape appears in proper
sight upon the plate c when regarded through the central aperture h¹ of the
sight disc h. The draughtsman places his eye quite near to the sight disc , when
he must be able to see upon the plate c the landscape desired and to draw
according to the contours and lines of the same.
It is important to note the following three points:
Firstly that no displacement of the point of sight, and no disturbance by by-rays
can take place. These objects are attained by letting the front-diameter of the
central aperture ¹ be exceedingly small, and by letting said aperture widen in
the direction to the glass-plate c, as afore described.
It is further of importance that the front-surface of the glass-plate be rough
enough to allow of the making of lines by a black or coloured pencil, without,
however, impairing the transparency of the glass-plate in such a degree that the
draughtsman who places his eye to the disc h be not hindered from distinctly
(through the plate c) seeing the contours of everything he wishes to copy,
near.
immaterial as to whether the landscape or other objects to be copied are distant or
It is finally of importance that the sight-disc h be placed at suitable distance from
the plate c corresponding to the objects which are to be copied, said disc being
adjustable with regard to its height as well as to its distance from the plate c, and
also to the right or left.
As to roughing the glass-plate this may be attained by chemical means, as well
as by a mechanical method, for instance by a suitable acid or gas, or by a sand
blowing-machine, whereby it must be considered that the only purpose of roughing
the plate is to permit of the drawing upon the same with a black or coloured
pencil; therefore the roughing of the plate must be effected without impairing the
transparency of the glass. As to the means for adjusting the sight disc these have
afore been described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A drawing apparatus consisting of a glass-plate c and a sight disc h, located
at a fixed distance from, the glass plate c, said disc h having a narrow central aper-
ture h¹ which widens in the direction to the plate c, substantially as described.
2. A drawing apparatus consisting of a glass plate c and a disc h, located at a
fixed distance from the glass plate c, said disc h having a narrow central opening h¹
which widens in the direction to the plate c and in which the one side, namely the
front side (or the side towards the draughtsman) of the glass plate c is roughed by
chemical or mechanical means in such a manner, that upon this surface lines can
be drawn by means of a black or colored pencil whereby the said plate c although
roughed still remains transparent, substantially as described.
3. A drawing apparatus consisting of a glass plate c and a disc h, located at a
fixed distance from the glass plate c and possessing a narrow central aperture h¹
widening in the direction of the plate c whereby the disc h can be brought in any
desired position to the plate c, substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 10th day of September 1897.
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
LU.
1 Broad Street Buildings, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.