matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SLIDING THE SASH FRAMES OF WINDOWS AND FOR SLIDING SHUTTERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Monson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th December
1867.
I, BENJAMIN MONSON, of Colchester, in the County of Essex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SLIDING
THE SASH FRAMES OF WINDOWS AND FOR SLIDING SHUTTERS," to be as follows:→
Instead of the sash lines, pulleys, and weights ordinarily used for the
purpose of raising and lowering sliding sash windows I adopt the following
arrangements of apparatus:-I let into the side of the window case of frame
an apparatus for the governance of the rate of movement of the sash to
prevent its being moved with too great rapidity, and such an apparatus may
consist of a frame containing a reel or barrel and spring fuzee arrangement
(or the mechanical equivalents thereof) winding and unwinding a cord or
chain, the spindle of the reel or barrel being provided with a toothed wheel
gearing with another toothed wheel which projects through an opening in
the said frame and acts on a rack on the edge of the sash frame. A cast-
iron rack being as I prefer let into each side of each sash, and the apparatus
above described being inserted into each side of the window case or frame so
that the toothed wheel which projects through the frame and acts on the
rack in the sash frame shall be about half au inch lower than the top of the

page_text: inside sash, the window to be put in at the top and slidden downwards.
Sash frames to which this Invention is applied may be moved up and down
in the same way as sash frames hung in the ordinary manner are moved,
and as springs of various strengths may be used my Invention can be
applied to windows of various weights.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CALL BELLS, LETTER BALANCES, AND WEIGHING MACHINES, WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO ONE OR MORE OF THE AFORE-MENTIONED ARTICLES SEPARATELY OR COMBINED
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Wilson and William Henry
Bailey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 2nd March 1867.
We, ROBERT WILSON, of the City of Manchester, Ironmonger, and WILLIAM
HENRY BAILEY, of the Albion Works, Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Brass Founder, Turret Clock and Steam Guage Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CALL BELLS,
LETTER BALANCES, AND WEIGHING MACHINES, WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO ONE OR
MORE OF THE AFORE-MENTIONED ARTICLES SEPARATELY OR COMBINED," to be as
follows:-
-
This Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in call bells which are
applicable to almost all descriptions of call bells, but more particularly to the
call bell known in the market as "Wilson's Patent," which is dated the
Twenty-second day of December, 1864, and numbered 3177, and consist in
constructing the knob or button which is pressed down to ring the bell so as to
hold a letter either by being made larger, or with a broader surface, or in the
form of a clip, whilst the clapper forms an index finger which indicates upon
a gradient or segmental arm the weight of anything placed upon the button
or knob, and this is effected without in any way interfering with the ringing
properties of the bell; or the clapper may constitute the dial to indicate the
weight by having an index finger mounted on its side upon an horizontal pin,

page_text: which index finger always remains in its vertical position by being weighted
at the bottom surface, so that as the clapper moves on its centre the weight of
anything placed upon the knob or button may be indicated on the dial plate
formed on the side of the clapper.
It will be readily apparent that these improvements slightly modified are
applicable to most descriptions of call bells, whether actuated with or without
springs.
By removing the gong or bell from a call bell constructed according to this
Invention it will be found that a useful and ornamental letter balance is
produced actuated in a different manner from any now in use, and upon an
enlarged scale a weighing machine may be constructed upon the same principle,
substituting for the knob or button a pan into which anything may be placed
to astain its weight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Vero at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd February
1867.
I, CHARLES VERO, of Atherstone, in the County of Warwick, Hat Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of hats.
With hats made of soft materials, such as soft felt or cloth, there is difficulty
in making them retain the shapes to which they are set, and to overcome this
difficulty a wire has in some cases been stitched to the edge of the brim all
round; this plan, however, is not efficacious in cases where the brim is curled
With such hats I according to my Invention introduce a hoop
of steel wire underneath the curl of the brim; the hoop is formed to the curve
it is desired to give to the brim, which it thus serves to hold in form and
distended, whilst the curl of the brim serves completely to conceal the hoop.
In place of steel wire other stiff elastic material may be used, but the steel
wire is preferable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHIMNEY Tops
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jasper Capper at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th July 1867.
I, JASPER CAPPER, of Waterloo, in the County of Lancaster, Accountant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHIMNEY Tops," to be as follows:-
The chief objects of this Invention are to prevent so called down draughts,
induce free egress of smoke, and protect the tops of chimnies from wind and
rain.
I construct a chimney top according to one modification of my Invention
by making that part which is attached to the upper termination of the chimney
of a cylindrical form, and surrounding the higher part of it by another cylinder
of larger diameter so that an annular space is left between the two. Both of
these cylinders are open at the top, the larger and outer one rises above the
termination of the smaller and inner one. A short distance below the larger
cylinder and attached to the smaller one there is a projecting ring from which
pieces rise and are attached to the outer cylinder so as to leave alternately closed
and open spaces; wind enters at the latter, rises upwards in the annular space,
and assists egress of the smoke; the form of the top can be varied from the
cylindrical.
Another form of chimney top for positions where there are strong downwards
currents, and protection from rain is required, consists in placing a cap over the

page_text: cylindrical or other part attached to the chimney, thereby causing the smoke
first to ascend in the top and then to descend through the annular space, and
securing a flat ring to the part attached to the chimney below the lower
termination or mouth of the cap.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAT GUARDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Levi Davis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th April 1867.
I, LEVI DAVIS, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HAT GUARDS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in applying to hat guards the principle of self-coiling
or winding the ribbon of which it is formed within a drum or case by means
of a spring secured round a spindle, or in any other suitable manner, within
such case.
To the outer end of the ribbon is attached a bar or ring or other
small contrivance suitable for fastening in a button hole or on a button; the
drum or case may be attached to the under side of the hat brim, or to any
other convenient part of the hat, by a screw, stud, or other simple appliance,
and at or near the point of the periphery of the drum whence the ribbon
issues a small slide bolt is placed, which when moved by a stud clips the
ribbon and thus stays it at any desired length. The ribbon may be graduated
as a measuring tape and thus form a doubly useful article for all persons
requiring a measure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE DYEING OF TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Botterill at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th November
1867.
I, JOHN BOTTERILL, of Leeds, in the County of York, Dyer and Finisher,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE DYEING OF TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the dyeing of woven fabrics composed wholly or
partly of the fibre known as China grass. This fibre has naturally a lustrous
appearance, but it has been found that when dyed by the ordinary methods
employed in dyeing cotton goods the lustre is lost and the fabric is permanently
creased.
By my improved process I avoid these defects and add to the lustre of the
goods. In treating goods composed wholly of China grass or of China grass
and cotton, the warp being of one material and the weft of the other, I first
cleanse the goods thoroughly in a warm solution of soap, taking care by the
use of rollers to avoid the creasing of the fabric; after cleansing I suspend
the goods in a stove charged with brimstone fumes in order that they may
become thoroughly saturated therewith. The sulphur thus imbibed will serve
as a mordaunt suitable for fixing, say, aniline colors. The goods thus treated
are then ready for the dyeing operation. Instead of immersing them in
the dye liquor as is commonly practised they are to be passed through
the liquor by the aid of rollers, which will press out the surplus liquor as
they leave the vessel, and return it again and again thereto until the required

page_text: tint is obtained or the coloring matter is taken up or withdrawn from the
liquor. By this mode of carrying out the dyeing process the lustre of the
China grass fibres will be enhanced and a silky effect obtained. To render
the goods non-inflammable they may be passed through a solution of sulphate
of ammonia.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE DIRECT PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHORUS FOR INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: EPROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th August
1867. A communication from abroad by Edouard Aubertin and Leopold
Boblique, both of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE DIRECT
PRODUCTION OF PHOSPHORUS FOR INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This new or improved process is founded on the following facts:-
Firstly. Silica is capable of saturating one or more equivalents of lime in
the tribasic phosphate of lime, which are combined with one equivalent of
phosphoric acid.
Secondly. Silica has the property of decomposing basic phosphate of lime
if heated in contact therewith, which reaction takes place without its being
necessary to melt the mixture.
In the present Invention, therefore, phosphate of lime in the form of either
apatite, bones, fossil phosphates, or in any other form, is introduced in a
pulverised state in a closed vessel, where it is mixed with twice its weight of
silica,also in a pulverized state in the form of sand, sandstone, or in any other.
suitable form; charcoal or coke dust is then added to the extent of twenty-five-
per cent. of the weight of the phosphate, and the mixture is then heated to a
temperature between an orange red and a white heat; the silica then reacts

page_text: upon the phosphate to form silicates of lime, and the liberated phosphoric
acid is completely decomposed by the carbon, thus producing phosphorus,
which is volatilized and is collected in a receiver in any known manner.
Phosphorus is thus obtained on a large-scale and by one single operation.
IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR HORSE-SHOES SUBSTITUTE FOR ROUGHING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th January
1867. A communication from abroad by Friedrich Dominick, of Berlin,.
Kingdom of Prussia.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR HORSE-SHOES
SUBSTITUTE FOR ROUGHING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of improved appliances for horse-shoes as a
substitute for "roughing," which may be readily fixed or removed by means of
the following arrangement:-A strong bolt is provided at one end with a
jaw which fits over the inner edge of the front part of the horse-shoe; the
lower part of the jaw is furnished with a spike or brob, serving as the
"roughing" to the front part of the shoe. The other end of the bolt has a
screw thread formed upon it and passes through a tapped bush in a bridge
piece extending across the heel of the shoe and taking purchase against the
two inner edges thereof. The tapped bush is provided at the back of the
bridge piece with a projecting head, whereby it can be turned by means of a
spanner, and also with a small ratchet wheel or serrated rim in which takes
a spring pawl or catch fixed to the back of the bridge piece. The bridge

page_text: piece has projections at each end, lapping over the under surfaces of the heel
of the shoe, and upon such projections are formed spikes or brobs which
constitute the "roughing" for the heel of the shoe. These brobs are, by
preference, made with chisel-shaped points, the edges of which are arranged
at right angles to each other, so as to prevent the shoe from slipping sideways.
In fixing this contrivance to the shoe the tapped bush is turned so as to
force the bolt passing through it tight against the inner edge of the front of
the shoe, whereby also the bridge piece is at the same time wedged firmly
between the inner edges of the heel of the shoe, the serrated rim and catch
preventing the bush from turning back again so as to unscrew the bolt. In
removing the contrivance the spring catch is released from the serrated rim,
and the bush is turned in the contrary direction, so as to release the before-
mentioned parts from their hold on the shoe, Instead of forming a tapped
bush in the bridge piece the latter may have simply a hole, into which the
end of the bolt passes and a separate nut with serrated rim be provided on
the bolt, pressing against the inner surface of the bridge piece. Or in another
modification the bolt and its jaw may be made of two separate pieces and
the former be screwed into the latter; the back end of the bolt rests in a
recess or socket in the bridge piece, and is provided with a shoulder whereby
it can be turned with a spanner, so that in turning it in one direction it forces
the jaw and the bridge piece asunder, thereby fixing them on the shoe, while
in turning it in the reverse direction the hold of these parts on the shoe is
released.
IMPROVEMENTS. IN LOCKS FOR FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry George Riggs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
March 1867.
I, HENRY GEORGE RIGGS, of Enfield, in the County of Middlesex, Gun Lock.
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN LOCKS FOR FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention of improvements in locks for fire-arms has for
its object to produce a safety lock, which, when the hammer has struck and
exploded the cap, will bring the hammer back to half-cock, so that the arm
may be ready to be again charged without a separate motion being required.
to bring the hammer to half-cock, as is now the case. This is effected by
simply elongating the upper and shorter limb of the mainspring of an
ordinary Enfield rifle lock, so as to cause this end to bear against the under
side of the crane of the tumbler, and by this means to cause the hammer to
rebound from the nipple and assume the position of half-cock. In order that:
the spring may have greater freedom the stud is placed at the-turn of tho
spring instead of somewhat in advance of this point as heretofore.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS' SAFETY LAMPS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eric Hugo Waldenström at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd April 1867.
I, ERIC HUGO WALDENSTROM, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
" CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS' SAFETY LAMPS," to be as follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of effectually securing the lamp
known as the "Davy" or lamp of a similar description being tampered with
when once lit and prepared for the miner, so that the explosions arising from
the igniting of firedamp through exposing a naked light will be impossible;
and the Invention consists in the novel employment and use of a small lever
supported and having its fulcrum on the top cover or body of the lamp enclosed
within the gauze covering; this lever is constructed so that its extremity
on one side of its fulcrum will be capable of describing a segment in the direction
of the burner that would pass through the midst of the wick; the opposite end of
this lever is very slightly extended beyond its fulcrum, the front edge surface
of which is provided to receive the end of a curved spring, the said spring
being securely attached to the frame of the protecting gauze. The ordinary
burner or guide for the wick is provided with a transverse narrow slot near
the top in the same plan in which the aforesaid lever moves; thus when the
lamp is lit, and the gauze cover is being screwed on to the body of the lamp for
protecting the flame, the aforesaid spring attached to the frame of the gauze
passes by the short end of the lever secured to the body of the lamp, but should

page_text: a reverse direction be attempted the spring is brought into contact with the
prepared short end of the lever, which instantly forces its long or opposite end
into the slot provided in the burner aforesaid, which if the lamp be still burning
is locked or prevented going any further by reason of its contact with the
wick, so that if the lamp is required to be legitimately opened the wick must
be drawn into the burner below the aforesaid slot by means of the ordinary
wire employed for feeding, the effect of which upon the lamp will be the
necessary extinction of the light before the protecting gauze cover can be
removed. A detector is provided for enabling the overlooker or other person
in authority telling open upon opening the lamp whether it has been previously
opened since leaving his custody; this is effected by means of a small pin of
soft metal inserted through a perforation in the lever contained within the
gauze covering the end of the said pin, being caused to rest in a socket or
recess in the body of the lamp, thus giving a stout resistance against the
removing of the cover, as it will be necessary to bend or break the pin before
uncovering.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Whitaker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th March
1867.
I, JOSEPH WHITAKER, of Farsley, near Leeds, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in steam boilers. In place
of making the outer skin of steam boilers of a cylindrical form, as is very
common as in Cornish and other boilers, I build the skin of a boiler of arcs
of cylinders abutting the one on the other, and at the lines where two arcs
meet I attach ties passing from one such line to another and tying them
together. Usually I arrange the ties to pass from one side to the other of
each arc, so that the arc and tie form as it were a bow and string, but in
some cases the ties may connect the extremities of two adjacent arcs or
otherwise, so that the lines where two arcs meet are securely restrained
by the ties. In the form of boiler I prefer the upright sides, each consist of
three ares, and similar arcs form also the top and bottom, whilst the ties
form a rectangular frame within. There are three tubular flues running
from end to end of the inside of the boiler, and the centre of each flue is in
the line joining the centres of two opposite side arcs or thereabout.

page_text: of the flues is the fire-box, and the products of combustion circulate through
the other, I prefer to arrange two or more such boilers side by side with
other flues between them, formed by dividing the space between the boilers
into two or more parts by horizontal partitions. In this manner a large
amount of heating surface is obtained, and boilers so constructed are of great
strength.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMB
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Kilbee at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on. the 8th February
1867.
I, WILLIAM KILBEE, of Smallheath, in the County of Warwick, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMB," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to an improved means of extracting
the cartridge. A block is hinged on the top of the barrels, and when it is
desired to load the gun the said block is turned over; this movement of the
block gives motion to a clutch fitted in the joint, the said clutch being dis-
connected at the proper time by a pin working on a wedge in the joint or
hinge. The extractor is connected to the clutch and link, as herein-after
described, and is reversed by a spring acting upon it in such manner as to
carry it back into its normal position ready for re-loading. The leverage by
means of which the extractor is caused to work consists of a crank or lever
attached to the clutch and link, the said link having at the one end thereof
a pin, which is caused to slide along the bottom of the barrel, and which pin,
upon the extractor being carried back into its normal position, comes against
a lever which throws out the empty case; the said lever is hung on a pin at
the back end of the block.
The second part of my Invention has reference to an improved mauner of
locking the block. A lever working on a pin fixed in the right-hand side of
the block is provided. The block (to which reference has already been made)
is opened by this lever, which is fitted with a thumb-piece as usual. When

page_text: the
gun is at half or full-cock the block is free to open, but when the hammer
is allowed to fall the block is locked in a most effectual manner, as herein-after
described. The bottom part or boss of the hammer being wedge-shaped it
forces open in its fall one end of the said lever on on the right-hand side of the
gun, and by this same motion the other end of the said lever is forced into a
groove at the back end of the barrel, and so the block is securely locked.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BROOCHES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hampden Kerly at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th June 1867.
I, JOHN HAMPDEN KERLY, of Percival Street, Clerkenwell, in the County
of Middlesex, Lapidary, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BROOCHES," to be as follows:-
In brooch fastenings as ordinarily constructed the point of the pin or tongue
is 'secured by a hooked catch, and is very liable to become unfastened, and
my improvements are designed to prevent the possibility of the brooch
becoming unfastened from any cause. For this purpose I provide a safety
catch, by the aid of which the tongue is prevented from escaping from the
fastening. On securing the brooch, the tongue is first depressed so as to slip
under a catch which is bent up at its point to facilitate the entrance of the
tongue; this action at same time depresses a spring catch jointed to the
brooch plate on the opposite side, which is constantly pressed upwards by a
small spring. The point of this spring catch is slightly bevilled to allow of the
tongue passing in both directions, and the tongue is prevented from escaping
by the spring catch stopping its egress until it is released by acting on a small
projecting pin formed thereon, and placed in a suitable position to be pressed
on by the finger and thumb for the purpose of depressing the spring catch and
releasing the pin at the time of removing the brooch.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING STONES, MINERALS, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Walker and John
Frederick Augustus Pflaum at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th March 1867.
We, BENJAMIN WALKER, of Leeds, Engineer, and JOHN FREDERICK AUGUSTUS
PFLAUM, also of Leeds, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING STONES, MINERALS,
AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for crushing
stones, minerals, and other like substances. Stone-crushing machines have
been generally formed with two crushing surfaces, the faces of which enclose
an angular space or hopper-like chamber between them, into which the stones
or other materials to be crushed are placed, and down which they descend as
they become more and more crushed. Heretofore in giving motion to the
moveable crushing surface it has been usual to communicate the power of a
steam engine to a rotatory shaft, and thence by a crank or excentric or cam
to the said moveable crushing surface of the machine.
Now according to this Invention the rotatory shaft and the crank or excentric
or cam are dispensed with, and the stream engine is caused to act more directly
on the moveable crushing surface. The manner in which the steam engine is
thus more directly connected with the moveable crushing surface may to some
extent be varied. In some cases the moveable crushing surface is applied

page_text: directly to the end of the piston rod of a horizontal steam engine, and the
moveable crushing surface is made to move or slide to and from the fixed
crushing surface, the faces of the two crushing surfaces being inclined to each
other so as to include the requisite hopper-like angular space between them;
or the piston rod of a steam engine may be attached to one end of a crushing
surface which moves on a fulcrum or axis; or the piston rod may be attached
by a connecting rod or rods to the moveable crushing surface; or the steam
engine by its piston rod may give motion to a lever connected to the moveable
crushing surface, in which case it is preferred to employ "toggle-jointed
levers. .
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CAMP OR FOLDING BEDSTEADS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Browne at the Office
of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st June
1867. A communication from abroad by Robert Clegg, of 40, Boulevard
de Sebastopol, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, BENJAMIN BROWNE, of 49, King William Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CAMP OR FOLDING
BEDSTEADS," (a communication from Robert Clegg, of 40, Boulevard de
Sebastopol, Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates more particularly to portable bedsteads, and such as
are required to fold into a small compass, and the principal features of novelty
consist, first, in the construction of the hinged parts or folding joints;
secondly, in the method of connecting together and securely fixing the cross
legs of the bedstead; and, thirdly, the general arrangement and combination
of the several parts employed to form an entire bedstead.
The following will serve as an example of the mode of constructing bed-
steads according to this Invention, that is to say, the sides of the bedstead are
formed of round pieces of wood in three parts hinged together by metal
hinges so as to be capable of being folded up; around these side pieces the
sacking of the bedstead is securely fixed by sewing or otherwise. The hinges
above mentioned are each formed of two pieces of malleable cast iron, and
into one of such said pieces a flat piece of metal is securely fixed, and has a
slot or long hole formed therein through which passes a piu, the said pin

page_text: being fixed across one end of a short tube of metal, the other end of the said
tube having a round piece of wood securely fixed thereinto, and in this manner
each and every hinged piece is provided, these said pieces of wood being
employed as the legs of the bedstead and also to keep the sacking distended;
to effect this I cross the legs like the letter X, and around each of the crossing
parts thereof is fixed a short tube of metal, in one of which and midway of its
length is fixed a T-shaped piece of metal which is intended to take and lock
into a corresponding shaped recess formed in the tube which is upon the other
leg, and by these means the legs are firmly held together. The legs at the
head part of the bedstead are formed longer than the other legs for the
purpose of making the sacking higher at this part of the bedstead so as
to serve the purpose of a pillow. It is proposed to employ cross legs of
the above construction in the construction of some of the ordinary iron
bedsteads.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLES FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the Office,
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th December.
1867. A communication from abroad by John Chilcott, of Brooklyn,
in the State of New York, United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLES FOR BOOTS AND
SHOES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the production and use of what may be termed a
compound sole for boots and shoes; it is made up of an inner sole of leather
and an outer sole of india-rubber or gutta percha combined by preference with
woven fabrics or composed of an equivalent vulcanizable gum or compounds
of such gums. These soles are united by sewing, cementing, or otherwise, and
the compound sole thus formed is capable of being attached either directly or
as an additional sole indirectly to the upper of a boot or shoe as soles are
ordinarily united or otherwise. The stitches or other means of attachment to
the upper are protected by the rubber or outer sole by making the leather or
inner sole so much larger than the latter as to leave a projecting margin of
leather to the compound sole around or outside of the rubber or its equivalent
by which to make the attachment to the upper of the boot or shoe by sewing,

page_text: pegging, nailing, rivetting, screwing, or other suitable means. The inner sole
is made of the full width and length required for the ordinary sole or half sole
of the boot or shoe to which it is to be applied, and the outer one so much
shorter and narrower as to leave the margin of the inner sole projecting
beyond the outer sole for the purpose of attaching the compound sole of the
boot or shoe directly or indirectly to the welt or upper. The outer sole may
be secured to the inner one by through stitching extending over a large
portion of the face, or the soles may be united by cement, rivets, or other devices
either separately or in addition to stitching, but.it is preferred to attach them
by stitcbing in a sewing machine before attachment to the welt or upper.
As a modification of the above the outer sole may be split around the edge
to a suitable distance to allow it when the outer portion is turned back to be
Becured to the inner sole by one or more rows of stitches or by rivets or other
devices passing through the inner portion before the connection with the welt
After the inner and outer soles are thus united the
or upper is established.
split portion is closed and secured by a solution of india-rubber, gutta percha,
or other suitable cement, and thus made to protect the stitches or other means
of attachment. The inner sole may be split around the edge, and after
connection with the welt or upper closed and cemented to conceal the stitches
or other means of fastening as usual in the manufacture of boots and shoes for
ladies' use.
A POLARI- ZING KALEIDOSCOPE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Huggins at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th September
1867.
I, JOHN HUGGINS, Photographer, of 5, Davey Place, Norwich, Norfolk,
England, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A POLARI-
ZING KALEIDOSCOPE," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a combination of apparatus whereby the varied
changes of pattern produced by the well-known instrument termed the
"kaleidoscope " are viewed by means of polarized light. The kaleidoscope
tube is of the ordinary kind with two plates of plate glass blackened at the
back extending the whole length of the interior as already well known. The
upper end of the tube is provided with an eye piece carrying an analyser,
which latter may consist of a Nicols' prism, tourmaline, or of a bundle of thin
glass, or of any other substance suitable for the purpose. The tube is so
mounted on a stand as to be capable of being placed at any desired angle.
The kaleidoscope slide, which is removeable, and is carried by a suitable
frame at the lower end of the tube, contains pieces of talc, selenite, quartz,
crystals of salts, mica, or other polarizing objects, and is made to revolve by
means of a rack and pinion or other analogous contrivance. The polarizer
consists of a bundle of slips of plate or crown glass fixed in a wood or metal
frame, which is fixed by means of guides and screws at any desired angle.

page_text: Upon adjusting the angles of the tube and of the polarizer, and causing the
slide to revolve, the varied effects resulting from the change of position of
the objects in the slide combined with, those arising from the polarization of
the rays of light will be obtained.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aaron Smalley, Benjamin
Croasdale, and William Laurence Lowe Leaver at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd August 1867.
We, AARON SMALLEY, Draper, of Preston, and BENJAMIN CROASDALE, In-
keeper, of Blackburn, and WILLIAM LAURENCE LOWE LEAVER, Draper, of
Blackburn, all in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be
as follows:-
Our Invention consists in making the back bearer elastic and in dispensing
with the weights and levers used in weighting the yarn.
First. We make the back bearer in the form of a vibrator with a pivot at or
near each end, these pivots, rest in brackets attached to the loom sides; to
one or each of these pivots we attach one end of a spring, the other end of the
spring resting on a bracket attached to the loom framing, which said bracket
is capable of being moved nearer to or further from the point where the spring.
is attached to the vibrator, which has the effect of giving more or less
elasticity to the vibrator according to requirements, and the whole being:
arranged in such a way so that when the vibrator is pressed down by the yarn
in the loom the spring shall cause it to return to its former position=(when
the shedding will allow it), aud so keep the yarn at or near the same teusion...

page_text: Second. With regard to dispensing with the weights and levers, we attach (at
each side of the loom) one end of the rope to the rope hook, rope bracket, or
back spring of the loon, as the case may be, and bring it round the yarn beam
in the usual manner, and then bring it to another rope, hook, or eye, which
hook or eye goes through a hole or slot in a spring or bracket attached
in some convenient way to the loom framing; the said hook or eye being
screwed and furnished with a wing nut or hand wheel wherewith to regulate
the tension of the rope. Between, the said wing nut or hand wheel and the
said spring or bracket is a sort of crown camb or eccentric, one part of which
forms a handle, and which when the said handle is turned to one side
suddenly slackens the rope sufficiently to allow the yarn to be "let back"
easily, after which by turning the handle back to its former position the rope
resumes the same tension as at first.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR CLEANING BOILER TUBES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Earl of Caithness at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
October 1867.
I, The Right Honorable JAMES the Earl of CAITHNESS, of Hill Street, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR CLEANING BOILER TUBES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
apparatus for cleaning the internal surfaces of the flue tubes of tubular boilers,
and consists in the employment of one, two, or more long screw spindles, which
are temporarily introduced through holes made for that purpose in the tube
plate next to the smoke box. These screw spindles when introduced into the
boiler engage with one or more tube cleaners inside the boiler, each consisting
of a perforated plate, through the perforations in which the tubes are passed
when being secured into the boiler. The holes in the cleaners are sufficiently
large to allow the cleaners to traverse freely along the tubes from end to end
for the purpose of removing any deposit therefrom. This transverse motion
to and fro is imparted to the cleaner or cleaners by means of the long screw
spindles herein-before referred to, which on being engaged with the cleaners
receive a rotatory motion from a central spur wheel in gear with a pinion on
the outer end of each spindle. This gearing is temporarily erected where
required for use in the smoke box, and is taken down or removed with the
screw spindles after the tubes have been cleaned. The cleaners when out of

page_text: action are held against the tube plate by a screw plug passing through each of
the holes in the tube plate which received the screw spindles, such plugs
serving with the cleaners and holding them securely in position till they are
again required for use, whilst at the same time they serve to stop up or plug
the holes steam tight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES FOR THE COMBUSTION OR PREVENTION OF SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING FUEL
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jonathan Kellett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th July
1867.
I, JONATHAN KELLETT, Manager to the Firm of Taylor, Brothers, & Co., of
the Clarence Iron Works, Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO STEAM
BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES FOR THE COMBUSTION OR PREVENTION OF SMOKE AND
ECONOMIZING FUEL," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing and applying to such furnaces a
cellular or hollow bridge behind the ordinary bridge. This bridge is open at
the bottom, and the top is formed into gratings or a series of openings, and
(by preference) with the top or upper surface undulated or corrugated and
sloping towards the flame.bed; the interior is divided by a series of vertical
ribs or partitions, thus forming cells or passages for air, which is admitted
through the ash-pit through an opening under the ordinary bridge provided
with a door or flap for regulating the quantity to be admitted; air passing
through this bridge becomes heated by contact with the metal, and combining
or mixing with the unconsumed products of combustion from the furnace they
become ignited thereby.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bodart, Mechanical Engineer, and Alfred
Sigodart, Mechanical Engineer, both of Gosselies, in the Kingdom of
Dalcium for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henry Bodart and Alfred
Sigodart at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition
and Declaration, on the 15th August 1867, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
BODART, Mechanical Engineer, and ALFRED SIGODART, Mechanical Engineer,
both of Gosselies, in the Kingdom of Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING VESSELS,"
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The objects to be attained by this Invention are simplicity of machinery,
economy of motive power, and rapidity of action. By means of an axis with
three cranks, and driven by a steam engine or any other suitable motive
power, we work three paddles, which replace advantageously in every
description of vessel the screws and paddle wheels heretofore employed.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE RAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view of the apparatus arranged to work at the bows of a
ship or vessel; Figure 2 is a plan, and Figure 3 an end view, partly in section,
of the same.
a is an axis with a crank at the centre, and two crank arms, one at each
end; it is driven by a steam engine or by any other suitable motive power;
b, b, b, are the crank and crank arms, having jointed to them the ends of rods
or bars c, c, c, which work the paddles; 'd, d, d, are paddles attached to rods
or bars c, c, c. The lines e, e, represent the hull of the vessel. f is a guide
and support for the bars or rods c, c, c, of the paddles d, d, d.
When the machinery is set in action and the two side paddles are in the
water and are being drawn through the water towards the ship the middle
paddle is out of the water, and when the middle paddle enters the water and
is being drawn through the water towards the ship the side paddles are out
of the water. The paddles enter the water almost perpendicularly, are drawn
almost straight through the water, and leave the water almost perpendicularly
A fourth paddle may be placed at the stern of the vessel, and have exactly a
contrary action; instead of being drawn through the water towards the vessel
it is pushed through the water in a direction away from the vessel.
190
In large ships it would be necessary to have two distinctisteam engines, one
for the paddle at the stern, and one for the paddles at the prow. The fourth
paddle is not necessary, and may be used or not used.
In witness, whereof, we, the said Henry, Bodart and Alfred Sigodart; have)
i...hereunto set our hands, and seals, this Twelfth day of August, in the
1 year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.....
IDY
DAD WA
A
HENRY BODART.
(S)
ALFRED, SIGODART. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILE AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Owens at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st May 1867.
I, JOHN OWENS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PILE AND OTHER FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My Invention is applicable to those pile fabrics in which the pile is
produced by floating the weft threads over the warp threads, and then cutting
the weft threads, and it consists in an improved mode of weaving, by which
the whole of the pile weft appears on the face and the back is a plain fabric.
In performing my Invention I employ an ordinary loom having one, two,
or more shuttles containing the different qualities of weft required. I first
throw one or more shoots of the pile weft, and then one or more shoots of the
weft for the back and for the binding; in all cases the number of shoots of
the pile weft is greater than the shoots of the binding weft, and the binding
weft being generally coarser than the pile weft forces up the pile weft and
makes a close back. I am also enabled to make a plain cloth selvage of any
width by floating the pile weft across the selvage, which is produced entirely
by the warps and the binding or back weft. Either plain or twilled selvages
may be woven in this manner.
My Invention is particularly beneficial when applied in the manufacture of
velvets having a silk pile and a cotton back, but it may be used in manu-
facturing plushes or cords with a worsted face and cotton back, or for various
other descriptions of piled fabrics having the face and back of different

page_text: materials; plain, twilled, diagonal, or figured pile fabrics can be produced in
the manner above described, either with or without a plain back.
My Invention may also be applied in weaving fabrics, twilled, diagonal, or
figured, such as plain woollen or other cloth that does not require a pile face,
but in which one face is required of a better or more expensive material than 5
the other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOBULAR AND OTHER FORMS OF GLASS FOR ORNAMENTING MIRRORS AND OTHER REFLECTING SURFACES, AND FOR MAKING UP OTHER ARTICLES OP GLASS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Samuel Tucker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
March 1867.
I, EDWARD SAMUEL TUOKER, of Stamford Street, in the County of Surrey,
Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOBULAR AND OTHER FORMS OF GLASS FOR ORNAMENTING
MIRRORS AND OTHER REFLECTING SURFACES, AND FOR MAKING UP OTHER ARTICLES
OP GLASS," to be as follows:-
In ornamenting mirrors with glass spheres or balls heretofore they have been
made of clear solid glass which are very heavy, and have an inelegant appear-
ance, and even if made hollow to lighten them the solid appearance of clear
glass would still remain. In manufacturing small balls or other forms of glass
for this purpose I form a tube of enamelled glass, applying the enamel which
may be milk white or colored so as to produce stripes in the tube. Out of this
tube I form the spheres or balls, eausing the stripes to converge and narrow
at opposite points, which may be termed the poles; these balls have a light
and pretty appearance, the clear part of the glass being transparent and the
white or colored parts more or less opaque; these converging stripes may be
inclined to the axis instead of being in the same plane like meridian lines.
Instead of balls or globes other forms may be adopted, as for instance cones
or cylinders, and further the balls may be indented at the one "pole," and an
opposite or same colored bead set or formed therein. In any case I flatten
the pole a little that is to be fixed to the mirror or other article, which is

page_text: simply cemented thereto. The balls so formed are set round on the face of
and as an edging to a mirror, or it may be any other silvered or plain glass
or reflecting surface. I further employ glass enamelled as above mentioned
in making up toilet stands, whose surfaces for the most part I prefer of silvered
glass, the enamelled glass forms being employed to prescribe the containing
spaces for bottles, for scents, and other toilet requisites. The enamelled glass
forms produced as above mentioned may be similarly adopted for other
purposes embracing utility and ornamentation in their application as above
described.