Improvements in Tyres.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 10th Apr., 1897
COMPLETE DIEUITIVATION..
Improvements in Tyres.
I, EDWARD HALE of 8 Tabley Street, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the wheels of road vehicles, and bas for its object an elastic
or resilient tyre which will be useful and convenient for road carriages and other
vehicles, while possessing certain advantages over the tyres now in use.
The invention will be understood from the following description, reference being
had to the accompanying drawings, in which,
Figure 1 shows a fragment of my tyre in cross section ;
Figures 2, 3 and 4 similar views comprising slight modifications;
Figure 5, an entire wheel fitted with my tyre, in combination with a device for
applying whitening or other suitable material for advertising purposes;
Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, cross sections of my tyre comprising slight modifications.
Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 7, A is the felloe or rim of the wheel, which may
be channelled as shown to form an air chamber, having bearing surfaces a for receiving
the rubber, B annular hoops or bands of metal preferably of flat section and adapted
to go round the bearing surfaces a of the rim A, and C the rubber tread with canvas
backing or metal protector D. The rubber C is thickened or reinforced about its
middle where it bears on the ground for the purpose of strengthening it, leaving
shoulders c against which the edges of B abut. The rubber may be also provided
with enlargements E at its edges adapted in conjunction with the shoulders c to
prevent its lateral movement. A valve may be fitted in the rim to enable it to be
filled with air under pressure. In making the tyre, the rubber C with its backing of
canvas or metal is laid round the wheel rim A and its edges interposed between the
bearing surfaces a and the annular hoops B. The screws F are then inserted and
screwed into the rim, holding the rubber and canvas in place in an airtight manner on
the channelled rim, which thus forms an air chamber. The rim is then filled with air
by means of an inflating pump, and by these means the rubber C is elevated higher
than the rigid hoops B, so that the rubber may take the first bearing upon the ground
to give resilience and noiseless smoothness in action and absorb vibration. Under
greater weights the rubber will be depressed somewhat at its point of contact with
the ground, and the wheel will thus rotate on the rings B as well as on the rubber C.
Should the rubber
The rings B thus preserve the rubber face from abnormal wear.
tread be brought on a level with the hoops B through over loading or other cause,
then both C and B share in the burden of the load and participate in the wear and
A renewal or
tear upon the ground. The bands B also prevent warping of the rim.
additional facing C" of the tread may be supplied at any time by the use of solution
or cement without disturbing the principal portion of the tyre as depicted in Figure 3.
It will be obvious that in some cases I may dispense with air inflation, and simply fill
the rim with air at normal pressure.
The face of the rubber portion of the tyre may be provided at the middle if desired
with letters or type, as indicated in Figures 2, 4 and 5, elevated above the side bands
to take the first bearing upon the ground. By this means impressions of the letters
or type can be made upon the ground while the vehicle is in motion. A stationary
vessel G is provided having a rotary brush or other means for applying whitening

page_text: colouring matter or other material to the elevated letters on the tread as the
wheel rotates, and thus advertisements or other matter can be printed on the road.
surface.
The tyres depicted in Figures 4 and 9 are of a stronger nature, the rubber tyre
being mounted directly on a solid rim A without any means for inflation but in other
respects the construction is similar, and similar letters in these two figures are used to
designate the same parts as are referred to in the preceding description. In
Figures 6 and 8, I provide in the channelled rim A, three bearing surfaces a for the
tyre, instead of two as in the previous figures. Between each bearing surface is a
hollow space, this construction being adapted for vehicles where heavy weights are
required to be carried. In such case there are three hoops B provided to bind the
tyre on to the rim. H is a friction brake (Figures 6, 7 and 8) so arranged as to bear
not on the rubber portion of the tyre but on the metal bands B, the other portions of
the brake bridging over the rubber so that it does not bear upon the rubber at all.
This construction avoids the defect so objected to in pneumatic tyre brakes now in
use, namely, that the pressure of the brake on the tyre is liable to deflate the tyre to
some extent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-.
1. In tyres forming them of a rim, an outer covering or tread of rubber surrounding
said rim, and annular hoops or bands of metal so arranged as to bind the rubber
tread on to the rim, and form auxiliary treads which will participate in the wear and
tear upon the ground under heavy loads, substantially as described.
2. In tyres, constructing them of a channelled or hollowed rim, a rubber tread or
cover laid around the rim, and annular metal bands or hoops adapted to bind the
rubber in an airtight manner on to the rim, in combination with means for inflating
the tyre with air, substantially as described.
3. The improvement in tyres for the wheels of road vehicles, which consists in
forming them of a channelled rim having bearing surfaces for the tread, a covering
or tread laid round the rim and having recesses or depressions in the face thereof,
and annular bands or hoops so arranged as to bind the tyre on to the bearing surfaces
of the rim in an airtight manner, said annular hoops being adapted to engage the
recesses or depressions in the cover or tread in such a manner that the tread is
elevated higher than the rigid hoops, whereby the rubber under light weights will take
the first bearing upon the ground, while under heavier weights the rubber will be
depressed somewhat at its point of contact with the ground, and the wheel will rotate
on the hoops as well as on the rubber, substantially as described.
4. A tyre composed of a rigid trough shaped or channelled wheel rim, a stretched
elastic cover or tread surrounding the rim having circumferential grooves or recesses
around its outer circumference, and annular bands or straps fitting into the grooves
or recesses aforesaid for binding the cover or tread on to the rim, said bands or straps
lying slightly below the surface of tread substantially as and for the purpose
described.
5. In a tyre of the kind set forth forming its edges with enlargements E
substantially as and for the purpose described.
6. In combination with a tyre of the kind described a brake shoe so arranged as to
press upon the metal hoops or bands while bridging over the rubber or other soft
parts of the tyre, whereby any danger of deflating the tyre by brake pressure is
avoided substantially as described.
7. In tyres for vehicles, forming on the face of the tread, letters or type elevated
above the tread surface to take the first bearing upon the ground, whereby impressions
of the letters or type, can be made upon the ground while the vehicle is in motion
substantially as described.
8. The combination with a tyre of the kind set forth in Claim 7, a stationary vessel
holding whitening, colouring matter or other material, located in close proximity to

page_text: the tyre, and a brush or other device for applying said whitening or other material to
the elevated letters on the tread as the wheel rotates whereby advertisements or other
matter can be printed on the road surface substantially as described.
9. The general combined arrangements and construction of parts forming my
improved tyre, substantially as set forth.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and London, Patent Agents.