matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
An Improved Anti-fouling Composition for Ships'. Bottoms.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Aug., 1891-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Anti-fouling Composition for Ships'. Bottoms.
I ANDREW MCCOWATT, of 18 Bentinck Street, Belfast, Painter, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
In accordance with my invention, to produce a composition or compound for the
prevention of the growth upon and adhesion to ships bottoms of barnacles and the
like as also vegetable and other parasite organisms. I proceed as follows: That
is to say: I employ the ingredients hereunder named and in or about the relative
proportions specified.
The minerals above mentioned in the list of solids are finely ground and
intimately mixed together in a dry state with the exception of the arsenic acid
which is subsequently added, after the dry grinding is completed; whereupon, the
boiled linseed oil is added, then the arsenic acid; the resulting compound is then
ground between rollers (preferably granite). This completes the first stage of
the manufacture. In the second stage, the colophony is dissolved in the coal tar
naptha. The gum is dissolved in the turpentine. The camphor and gutta percha
are dissolved in the shale spirit, heat being applied to the solution. The tallow is
melted, and while the various solutions are hot the tallow is incorporated and the
resultant is the anti-fouling composition in the shape of a varnish ready for use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
The improved anti-fouling composition for ships bottoms made up of the several

page_text: ingredients herein specified in or about the proportions named and treated in the
manner substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 15th day of July 1891.
TEA
JAMES STEVENSON,
Gray's Inn Chambers, 20, High Holborn, W.C., Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in Golf Balls,
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Golf Balls,
I, JOHN COCKBURN, Superintendent to the North British Rubber Company,
Limited, Mechanical Department, Castle Mills, Edinburgh, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :→
The main object of this invention is to obviate the cracking and peeling off, of
the paints heretofore used for painting golf balls.
To that end, I coat golf balls made of gutta-percha or other material, with rubber
paint, consisting of a solution of india rubber with which the pigments are
incorporated in the same way as ordinary paints. This rubber paint is applied to
the golf balls in the same way as ordinary paint and has the advantage of adhering
more firmly than ordinary paint whilst it better retains the pigments or colouring
matters thereof. This india rubber paint is subsequently vulcanized on the balls,
whereby its durability and other properties as a paint are greatly improved,
the vulcanization being performed in any of the ways well known to rubber
manufacturers.
In dealing with balls made of gutta-percha or such substances as will not
withstand heat the vulcanization is effected chemically whilst in other cases
vulcanization by heat is adopted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A golf ball having a coating of rubber paint vulcanised thereon.
2. A coating for golf balls composed of rubber paint applied to the ball and
vulcanised thereon as described.
The Manufacture of an Improved Woven Fabric.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1892-Accepted. 3rd Sept. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of an Improved Woven Fabric.
I, THOMAS STRAHAN, of 25 King Edward Road in the County of London,
Elastic Web Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of an improved flexible cloth or fabric
suitable for various purposes, such as for stays or corsets, jackets, gussets, stay
busks, stiffeners, and the like.
In manufacturing my improved fabric, I employ as a weft, or as part of the weft,
strips of suitable flexible material such as bass, cane or whalebone, the said
material being previously covered if required.
Dated the 28th day of October 1891
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of an Improved Woven Fabric.
I, THOMAS STRAHAN, of 25, King Edward Road, in the County of London,
Elastic Web Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of an improved flexible cloth or fabric
suitable for various purposes such as for stays or corsets, jackets, gussets, stay
busks, stiffeners and the like.
In manufacturing my improved fabric, I employ as a weft, or as part of the weft
strips of suitable flexible material such as bass, bamboo, cane or whalebone; the
said material can be used either covered or uncovered and the covering may be
effected by means of what is known as a spiral machine.
The improved fabric is woven in a loom in the ordinary manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The manufacture of an improved fabric the weft or part of the weft of which
consists of strips of bass, bamboo or like flexible material either covered or not
substantially as hereinbefore described.
11
تيمم
1
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
render more the
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 28th Mar., 1891
simply anneapon o
render more durable the articles.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the whiffle-trees and
Fig. 2 a plan view of the neck-yoke.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the neck-yoke and
Figs. 4 & 5 cross sectional views thereof.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
A is a hollow metallic bar with the attaching ring B passing longitudinally
through an opening in the projection integral with the bar A. The ring B
in whiffle-trees attaches to the clevice e and in a neck-yoke to the tongue of the
wagon.
In neck-yokes (Fig. 2) the shoulders D D are integral with the bar A. and serve
to retain the martingal straps E E. The rings which receive the collar straps, CC,
are solid welded rings passing through openings in the bar at each end, as shown by
the cross sectional view Fig. 4, the openings being large enough to allow the rings
to freely turn. In the same manner 1 attach the whiffle-tree hooks or snaps C¹ C¹
C¹ C.
The ring B is a solid welded ring and passes loosely through the projection b so
as to turn freely.
I am aware that hollow cast metal neck-yokes have heretofore been used, but,
from the manner of attaching the ring B, have been found unsatisfactory, that is to
say, where the ring has been attached by means of a swivel eye, the manufacture
has been very expensive and the article itself not durable, as the ball inside wearing
against the sides of the opening soon renders the attachment very loose and
materially weakens the bar. And where the ring has been attached by means of a
clip or ferrule surrounding the bar, the article has not been durable on
account of the tendency of the ferrule at any time to become loose and slip there-
from.
In my invention there is no possibility of the ring becoming loose as I provide a
solid ring passing through the projection integral with the socket and this does not
in any manner weaken the bar.
b
In the manufacture of my invention it is not necessary to cast the tubular bar A
as has heretofore been done, the same may be rolled after the manner of making pipe
and thereby secure a stronger article than a cast iron one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a neck-yoke or whiffle-tree the combination of a hollow metallic bar having
a central projection integral therewith provided with an eye extending lengthwise
of the bar through which is passed a ring substantially as shown.
2. In a neck-yoke or whiffle-tree the combination of a hollow metallic bar
with a central ring passing through an eye in a projection integral with the
bar.

page_text: 3. A neck-yoke or whiffle-tree consisting of a tubular rolled metallic bar, a
ring passing through an eye in a central projection integral with the bar and
rings or hooks at each end of the bar substantially as shown, for the purpose
specified.
Dated this 24th day of February 1891
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Colouring Matter.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by K. OEHLER, of Offenbach / Grand Duchy of
Hessen, in the Empire of Germany.]
Improvements in the Manufacture of Colouring Matter.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of a new brown basic dye stuff from
paraamidoacetanilid.
When two molecules of diazotated paraamidoacetanilid reacts upon one molecule
metaphenylenediamine in an alkaline solution obtain a product which is with
difficulty soluble in diluted muriatic acid with a brown red colour and which yields
a brown dye stuff easily soluble in water, when further treated with concentrated
muriatic acid.
To prevent mistakes it may be mentioned that the brown dye stuff according to
German Patent No. 32,502 (which is produced with one molecule of the diazo
combination. NH,CHN = NCI derived from paraphenylenediamine) is quite a
different one from the dye stuff produced as above.
The method of procedure according to the present invention is as follows:-
I prepare the chloride of paradiazoacetanilid by mixing a solution of 18.6 .parts
of hydrochlorate of paraamidoacetanilid in 500 parts of water and 10 parts of
muriatic acid of 221° B. with 7 parts of nitrite of soda in acqueous solution. The
diazochloride thus obtained, is poured into a solution of 10'6 parts of sulphate of
metaphenylenediamine and 11 parts of sodium carbonate in 500 parts of water, this
mixture is stirred during 24 hours, filtered and pressed.
The press cake is sprayed whilst still humid with 100 parts of muriatic acid of
20° B. and then heated on the boiling water bath, after 1 hour the solution obtained
is diluted with 300 parts of water and the dye stuff precipitated by chloride of zinc
and common salt and then filtered and dried.
The dye stuff forms a bright black powder easily soluble in water; caustic soda
lye added to the watery solution gives a brown precipitate zine dust and muriatic
acid discolour its solution rapidly; the dye stuff dissolves in concentrated sulphuric
acid with a brown red colour.
The dye stuff is specially suitable for dyeing jute and leather dark brown in one
operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner. the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The method of producing a new brown basic dye stuff by treating the
combination of two molecules of chloride of paraamidoacetanilid and one molecule
of metaphenylenediamine with concentrated muriatic acid.
Second. The new brown dye stuff having the properties above described and
produced by the hereinbefore described method or by any other method producing
a like result.
Dated this 1st dor of Iul 1801
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and connected with Carpenters' and Joiners' Hammers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 7th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 21st May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Carpenters' and Joiners'
Hammers.
WILLIAM THOMAS PETER PAIN 57 Devons Road Bromley by Bow Carpenter.
I do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows, namely
:―
An hammer and mallet combined, at one end of the hammer head, to have a
socket any shape, so as to receive. the wooden hammer or mallet.
Dated this 9th day of June 1891.
WILLIAM THOMAS PETER PAIN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Carpenters' and Joiners'
Hammers.
WILLIAM THOMAS PETER PAIN 57 Devons Road Bromley by Bow Carpenter
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, namely:-
An hammer and mallet combined, at one end of the hammer head, to have a
socket B any shape, so as to receive the wooden hammer or mallet A. any shape.
The saide mallet A can be fixed to the hammer C with or without the socket B,
namely a screw D fixed in or to the hammer C or mallet.
Two tools namely an hammer and mallet, yet only one handle E, required. The
said combined hammer and mallet can be made of any suatible material or any size,
if a socket then a pin F or screw is required to be driven through the socket to
avoid the mallet jaring out.
This hammer is wanted for many trades for striking blows without bruiseing.
Claims-
Two tools namely an hammer C and mallet A combined with one handle E.
WILLIAM THOMAS PETER PAIN.
Improvements in the Construction of Machinery for Milling or Fulling Cloth.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept.. 1891
(omplete Specification Left, 28th June, 1892-Accepted, 30th July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Machinery for Milling or
Fulling Cloth.
I JOSEPH TAYLOR of Bower Mill Stainland near Halifax in the County of
York Manufacturer and Cotton Spinner do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
I construct my milling apparatus of two four or more cross pieces turning upon
a centre or fulcrum with boxes or troughs at each of the ends to carry the pieces.
Upon each of the crosspieces I attach a sliding weight which as each box rises
towards the top slides or falls downwards on to the piece in the lower box, and so
on, as the machine revolves and the boxes come around.
The speeding of the apparatus being regulated according to the number of boxes.
used.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Machinery for Milling or
Fulling Cloth.
I, JOSEPH TAYLOR of Bower Mill, Stainland near Halifax in the County of
York, Manufacturer and Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of this.
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation in section of my improved milling machine.
Fig. 2 is an end view of same.
I construct my milling apparatus of two, four or more cross pieces A, turning
upon a central shaft or fulcrum B, with boxes or troughs C at each of the ends, to
carry the pieces D.
Upon each of the cross pieces I attach a sliding weight E, running in grooves F,.
which as each box rises towards the top, slides or falls downwards on to the piece
in the lower box, so squeezing and partially turning it, and so on as the machine
revolves and the boxes come around, and bring the weight and piece into the
required position.
The speeding of the apparatus being regulated according to the number of boxes:
used, and may be driven by means of gear wheels G, operated by any suitable.
driving mechanism.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
For milling piece goods, the use and employment of two or more boxes C,
rotating around a shaft B, and having sliding weights E, automatically operating
upon the piece goods D, in the manner substantially as shown and described.
Dated 27th June 1892.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Crossley Street, Halifax, Agent.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Buoyant Articles.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 21st Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Buoyant Articles.
I, FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County of
Hants, Captain (retired) Royal Navy, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture from wood pulp of
buoyant articles such as may be employed as appliances for saving life at sea.
I construct such objects as I wish to render buoyant, the buoyancy being
obtained by their being made hollow, of wood fibre or wood pulp treated in the
following manner.
I prepare from wood fibre suitable wood pulp for moulding to any required shape
by means of machinery usually employed for moulding articles made from plastic
materials. The wood pulp to be moulded is indurated by saturation with boiled
linseed oil and the articles moulded are afterwards stoved to a temperature of
about 280° Fahrenheit.
The inside of the hollow articles is coated with black tar varnish, and the outside
painted in any suitable manner.
When the articles to be produced are such as can only be moulded in parts to be
subsequently joined together I make the required parts in the manner hereinbefore
described and join them by means of red and white lead or other suitable cement
covering the parts joined by means of strong metal bands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The use of wood fibre treated as above described for the manufacture of buoyant
articles to be employed as appliances for saving life at sea.
Dated this 7th day of January 1891
AYRTON & THOMAS,
Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Means of Securing the Covers of Gulley Grates to their Frames.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th July, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 19th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 28th May, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Means of Securing the Covers of Gulley Grates to
their Frames.
.
We ALFRED ATKINSON Consulting Engineer 75 Church Street Hunslet and
EDWIN VERITY Ironmonger Call Lane Leeds do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :-
The object of our invention is to make the covers of gulley grates practically a
fixture whilst when actually necessary its removal may however be accomplished.
The grate and frame may be made of iron or other suitable material either
round or square and in the frames we cut or have cast on one or more notches or
recesses either plain or dovetail. We next construct our grates with corresponding
lugs which fit into the above described recess and then slide under part of the
frame left in this recess to receive it, or they may drop loosely into the recess
and the space then left in the frame may be filled up with cement or other suitable.
material.
T 1
ALFRED ATKINSON.
EDWIN VERITY.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Means of Securing the Covers of Gulley Grates to
their Frames.
We ALFRED ATKINSON Consulting Engineer 75 Church Street Hunslet and
EDWIN VERITY Call Lane Leeds Ironmonger do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of our invention is to make the covers of gulley grates a fixture
although when actually necessary its removal may be accomplished.
Our invention consists of an outer frame of iron or other suitable material in
which one two or more recesses are made and into which the lugs of the grate fit
so that when the grate is slightly turned or pushed forward under the ledge of the
recess in frame the space so left can be filled up with cement or other suitable
material to remove the grate at any time the cement is removed the grate turned
or pushed back and lifted out.
In order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascertained
reference is hereby made to accompanying drawings in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a plan of the grate and frame complete.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the frame.
Fig. 3 plan of grate.
Fig. 4 section of frame through A. B.
Fig. 5 section of grate through C. D.
Fig. 6 is plan of a square grate and frame complete.
Fig. 7 is a section through A. B.
E is the frame F are projections supporting the grate G are the recesses in frame
and H the lugs to fit into the recesses.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
The method of and the means and principle of securing gulley and drain
grates to their frames substantially as hereinbefore described and shown on the 6
drawings.
ALFRED ATKINSON.
EDWIN VERITY.
Improved Sponge Bag and Rack.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Sponge Bag and Rack.
I, SAMUEL HURMAN LONGMAN of 94 High Street West Cowes Isle of
Wight Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention relates to a case for sponges.
The object of my invention is to provide an article, waterproof, for carrying
sponges and toilet articles when travelling, which may also be used to hang up
as a receptacle for the sponge in bedrooms &c.
My invention consists of two metal hoops of the same diameter (connected at
the back by a hinge and closing in front with a fastner) to which waterproof
material is attached as follows.
To the lower one in the shape of a cone with a drainer at the bottom or small
end, to which a plug is attached, that it may be opened when hanging up in order
to let the water drain off, or closed when travelling.
To the top hoop flat (as the side of a drum) either plain or pleated and con-
taining a pocket inside also in waterproof material for tooth brush. The front
part of top hoop, to have a loop or eye attached so that it may be hung up.
Dated this 28th day of January 1891.
SAMUEL HURMAN LONGMAN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Sponge Bag and Rack.
I, SAMUEL HURMAN LONGMAN, of 94 High Street, West Cowes Isle of
Wight Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to sponge bags & racks and has for its object the obtaining
It consists of
of a combination of a complete waterproof sponge bag and rack.
an artical, waterproof for carrying sponges and toilet articles when travelling,
which may also be used to hang up as a receptacle for the sponge in bed-
rooms &c.
My invention consists of two hoops, metal or otherwise, connected at the back by
a hinge allowing it to open to an angle of 45° and closing in front with a fastner
consisting of two balls, which clasp & spring round the top hoop. To these afore-
said hoops 'is attached waterproof material as follows. To the lower one in the
shape of a cone (either with or without a drainer) and to the top hoop strained
straight accross (as the side of a drum) or pleated, and containing a pocket also of
waterproof material for a tooth brush. The front part of top hoop to have a loop-
or eye attached so that it may be hung up or used as a receptacle for sponges as
aforesaid.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of.
tion and all particulars thereof, I declare that what I claim is.
my said inven-
A contrivance which answers the two purposes of a sponge bag and rack as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 29th day of October A.D. 1891.
S. HURMAN LONGMAN.
Improved Ventilating Cowl.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1892-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Ventilating Cowl.
I, WILLIAM FRANCIS YOUNG Farm Lodge Audley End Saffron Walden
Essex Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improved cowl is intended for creating an upcast draught in pipes, flues etc.
Above a circular pipe I provide a series of truncated cones each having openings
towards the top of the pipe, these truncated cones are mounted one upon the other
by means of projecting bearers and the uppermost cone is provided with a cross
bar perforated in the centre and below which is a tube receiving the spindle of a
revolving cowl head.
This cowl head is formed from one piece of sheet metal cut out in six or more
radiating portions which are bent downwards one part slightly overlapping another
part so as to form a series of bafflers to catch the wind by whose agency the head
of the cowl is revolved.
The bottom of each baffler is firmly secured to an iron rim which tends to
strengthen the whole of the cowl head. The spindle upon which the cowl head
revolves passes through the top of the sheet metal portion and is secured thereon
by a screw nut, the bottom of the spindle is formed of conical shape and bears
upon the bottom of the tube before mentioned.
I propose to form the whole remaining portions of my cowl in zinc, sheet iron,
or such like material and the whole cowl will be made very cheaply owing to its
simplicity of construction.
The principal feature of my invention is in forming the head of the cowl after
the manner described from one flat piece of metal secured as mentioned to the
other parts constituting the frame.
Dated this 28th day of September 1891.
RAYNER & CASSELL,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Ventilating Cowl.
WILLIAM FRANCIS YOUNG, Brocklesby Park, Ulceby, Lincolnshire, formerly
Farm Lodge, Audley End, Saffron Walden, Essex, Plumber, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The spindle A to which conical shaped cowl B is attached revolves on gun metal
bearings, in cylinder, C, with oil vessel D at the base to keep it cool and facilitate
the working. The remaining space is filled with lead to prevent oscillation and
cause it to work silently. This, taken in connection with the louvres, E, beneath,
prevents every possibility of a downward draught, and the rotary motion of the
fan, which is actuated by the slightest impulse from within or without, tends to
promote an upward current, the object sought to be attained.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :
1. Absolute impossibility of a downward draught.
2. The upward.draught is greatly increased by the revolving action of the
cowl.
Dated thie 23rd day of June 1809
Improvements in Safety Valves.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Safety Valves.
I JOHN MILLER RALSTON 15 Brand Street Hitchin, Herts. Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention for improvements in safety valves relates to the lever type, and
has for its object to construct a safety valve in such a manner, that a small weight
only will be required to keep the valve down against a high pressure of steam or
other fluid and also, for convenience in adjusting the weight or easing said valve.
My invention consists essentially in a combination of two or more levers whereby
the effect of the weight is multiplied.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings
Fig. (1) is a plan of the safety valve constructed according to my invention.
Fig. (2) is a vertical section of the same shewing the arrangement of the levers
and weight.
The valve casing or chest a may be of the enclosed type as shown (or the
ordinary open type) with a valve and seat c. On the top flange or cover of the
chest is fixed a stud d in which the lever e rests on a pin or fulcrum f; said lever
being kept in position by a guard y also fixed on top flange or cover.
The top
flange is projected out from the side of the chest and carries a stud in which a
second lever i rests on a pin or fulcrum k, said lever being kept in position by the
guard. The weight is made with a slot in it and can be fixed by the screw m in
any desired position on the lever i. The effect or moment of the weight on the
lever is transmitted by the projection n to the lever e which again increases the
effect and applies the force to the valve b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
(1st.) In a safety valve the combination of two or more levers, whereby the effect
of the weight on the valve is increased as described.
(2nd.) The arrangement and construction of the safety valve substantially as
described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this Second day of November 1891
JOHN M. RALSTON.
An Improved Flexible Protecting Case for Watches.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Flexible Protecting Case for Watches.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE GARNIER, of 109, Rue de Lodi, Marseille, in the Republic
of France, Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawing, that is to say :-
My invention relates to a flexible protecting case for watches of all kinds, and it
has for its objects, first, to prevent the liability to derangement resulting from a
fall, or by pressure exercised by the person wearing the watch when at work;
second, to ensure the accurate working of the watch by preventing dust and foreign
substances from getting into the movement; third, to prevent the breakage of
glasses; fourth, to prevent the scratching and wear of the cases, engraving, and
ornaments; fifth, to prevent the watch easily coming out of the pocket and thus
prevent the liability to theft.
My improved case is formed of flexible india rubber in a single piece, and
adhering by its clasticity to the edges of the watch, whilst leaving the dial and
back visible.
This flexible case is provided at its upper part with a hole through which the
ring of the watch is passed.
In the accompanying drawing which is in illustration of my invention, Figure 1
represents the flexible case without the watch, and Figures 2 and 3 shew it applied
to the watch, the front and back of the latter being visible, and part of the flexible
case being removed to shew its section.
To fit the annular case upon the watch it is only necessary to pass the ring of the
latter through the hole A Figure 1, from the inside, which the elasticity of the
india-rubber allows, and then to cover the edges of the watch by the parts C and B.
The india rubber case may be made as ornamental as desired, and by its friction
against the pocket its removal from the latter is made more difficult, and the chance
of theft reduced.
The improved case is of extreme simplicity, ornamental in appearance, and
moderate in price.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
An annular safety case for watches, made in a single piece from india rubber,
having the hole A through which the ring of the watch is passed, whilst it covers
closely by the parts B and C the edges of the watch, thus preventing injury to the
movement of the latter, and by its adherence to the clothes preventing the liability
to loss or theft.
11001
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvement in Electric Cells or Batteries.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Jan., 1891-
Complete Specification Left. 17th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 28th Nov., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Electric Cells or Batteries.
We, HENRY THOMAS EAGAR, of 31 St. Dunstan Street, Canterbury, in the
County of Kent, Gentleman, and RICHARD PHILIP MILBURN, of 52 Percy
Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Chemist and Electrician, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to galvanic elements or batteries, and more especially to
those, in which one of the electrodes is made entirely or chiefly of aluminium,
such as are described in our application for a Patent No. 6924 dated the 5th of
May 1890. The object of the improvement is to construct a single fluid primary
cell or battery, which, when used in connection with electric glow lamps, produces
a better and steadier light, than can be obtained with the elements described in the
said application.
For this purpose, we dip the two electrodes namely carbon and aluminium, into a
liquid composed of :-
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents to the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Electric Cells or Batteries.
We, HENRY THOMAS EAGAR, of 31 St. Dunstan Street, Canterbury, in the
County of Kent, Gentleman, and RICHARD PHILIP MILBURN, of 52 Percy
Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Chemist and Electrician, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to galvanic elements or batteries, and more especially to
those, in which one of the electrodes is made entirely or chiefly of aluminium,
such as are described in our application for a Patent No. 6924 dated the 5th of
May 1890. The object of the improvement is to construct a single fluid primary
cell or battery, which, when used in connection with electric glow lamps, produces
a better and steadier light, than can be obtained with the elements described in the
said application.
1
For this purpose, we dip the two electrodes, namely carbon and aluminium, into
1
1

page_text: These proportions may, however, be varied, without departing from our invention.
The water used for dissolving the bichromate should be hot, and instead of sodium
bichromate, we may employ a corresponding quantity of ammonium bichromate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :
A single fluid galvanic element or battery, in which one of the electrodes
consists chiefly or entirely of aluminium, while the liquid or electrolyte contains
sodium or ammonium bichromate, water, sulphuric acid, and hydrochloric acid,
substantially as described.
Dated this 17th day of October 1891.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 29th May, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
In the drawings,
A refers to a rail or bar or rail road iron, B a bolt which may be of any
desired size having threaded ends, one of said threads being so constructed as to
permit a nut to be screwed on from the right, while the other permits a nut to be
screwed on from the left, E and F representing nuts which may be of any desired
form, G showing a rectangular band or key, which, when in position as shown
in Figure 1, takes up the slack between the two nuts, thus, should nut E be
moved slightly in the direction of mut F, the band G is forced tightly against
the nut F, and holds same in a rigid position, and should nut E be moved slightly,
band or key G is forced against mut F and holds same in a secure position, and
in this manner prevents cither nut from being removed from off the bolt by
jarring, D shows a washer which may be constructed of papier maché or other
material, said washer may be made the shape shown with openings in same, through
which bolts of nut lock are inserted and which enable washer D to be held in a
secure position to rail A as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The washer D may be
used with a nut lock such as shown or with a nut lock of any desired construction,
as it has been found that the weight or pressure, to which a rail is subjected, causes
the fish plate C, when in position on the side of the rail, to wear from friction,
thus loosening the bolt and fish plate, and by a continuous shaking from pressure
placed upon the rails the nuts are loosened. We obviate this defect by placing a
washer which may be made of papier maché, or other material between the rail
and fish plate, thus reducing the friction to such a degree that there is no wear
upon the rail or fish plate and the nut or nuts are held securely in position when
once adjusted. We do not confine ourselves to any particular construction of
washer as they may be of any desired shape or size. In placing nuts in position,
the nut E is first screwed on the bolt, the key or band G is then driven on nut E,

page_text: then the nut F screwed on until it forms a jam with nut E, then key or band G
driven slightly towards you, so as to cover end of nut in removing the nuts,
the band or key G is driven upon the edge of nut E, which releases nut F and can
be detached from bolts, band or key G can also be removed and nut E removed by
simply unscrewing same from bolt.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In a combined nut lock and washer, a bolt having its ends threaded in a
reverse manner for adjusting nuts, in combination with two nuts E and F, washer D
and a band or key G which forms a lock in an automatic manner as set forth.
2. In a combined nut lock and washer for reducing friction between a fish plate
and rail or other device, a washer made of papier maché or other material, as set
forth.
Dated this 28th day of May 1891
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Per John Hayes,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and connected with Long Handle Hair Brooms and Carpet Brooms.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 30th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Long Handle Hair Brooms
and Carpet Brooms.
RICHARD HAWKINS 7 Stratfield Road Bromley-by-Bow Brush Maker WILLIAM
THOMAS PETER PAIN Carpenter 57 Devons Road Bromley-by-Bow do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
Two brooms combined on one stock and one handle with hard and soft sweeping
material.
Dated this 24th 1 Munh 1001
RICHARD HAWKINS.
WILLIAM THOMAS PETER PAIN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Long Handle Hair Brooms
and Carpet Brooms.
We, RICHARD HAWKINS and WILLIAM THOMAS PETER PAIN both of
7 Stratfield Road, Bromley-by-Bow, E., do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to forming two brooms in one and will be best understood
by describing the same with aid of the accompanying drawings; in which
Figure 1 is a cross section of a broom according to this invention.
Figure 2 a plan of same.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the mode of using the broom.
The stock of the broom A is made with two angles sides B and C ; in the
B angle, a stiff material D, is inserted suitable for a carpet broom, and into the
other angle C, a softer material E, such as the usual bristles, is inserted to form
the usual long air broom. The handle is fixed in the stock A in the ordinary way
of brooms. The angle at which the faces B and C are set, enables either of the
brooms D or E to be used without the other; see Figures 3 and 4. A further
advantage in double brooms made as described is that the stiff material D, supports
the softer material E, making it wear longer and holding it off the ground when
the broom is stood down.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
A double broom consisting of a stock A made with two incline faces B and C
having a stiff material D on one face and a softer material E in the other, as
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of December 1891.
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1. Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for Applicants.
Improvements in Turnip Cutting Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1891-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Turnip Cutting Machines.
I, CARL RIEGER of Bechyn, Bohemia, Farm Officer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My improved turnip-cutter, as hereinafter described, excels, with regard to
efficiency, all machines hitherto made for a similar purpose.
On the annexed drawings
Fig. 1 is an end-view of the new turnip-cutter; the front board of the box con-
taining the turnips to be cut, being removed in order to show the inclined board
down which the turnips drop.
Fig. 2 is a plan-view of the machine.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the machine.
Fig. 4 shows a wheel of the turnip-cutter having fixed knives.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the wheel on the line - Fig. 4.
The turnip-cutter is supported on four feet a. On the frame there are arranged
two bearings 6 for the axle c of the wheel d. The back of the turnip receptacle m
is shown at Fig. 1. are cross beams arranged on the frame. The long knives f
are fixed flat against the wheel d, by means of screws g at their ends and in the
middle. The other shorter knives are fitted into the wheel at right angles to its
surface. The new machine can be constructed so as to be turned by either one or
two persons, The wheel d can be made of either cast-iron or wood. The knives f
are about 48 centimeters long. They are arranged along the periphery of the
wheel in such a way that one knife ceases its action as soon as the other knife
comes into action. Both sets of knives protrude only so far up from the surface of
the wheel as is necessary to cut the turnips to the required thickness. Arranged in
the box which contains the turnips to be cut is a board 7 which is fixed with screws
to the cross-beam 1. This board has an inclination of about 60° so that the turnips
may easily drop down by gravity and feed the cutting wheel. The cut turnips
are not squeezed or squashed, and there is no loss from rubbing or squeezing out
of the juice. The turnips also do not turn black. Any small particles of earth
clinging to the turnips are loosened during the cutting and drop down whilst the
slices of turnips fall in a clean condition before the wheel.
With the new turnip-cutter 100 kilogrammes of turnips may be cut within 3 or
4 minutes.
The price of the new machine depends greatly upon the material of which the
wheel is made and also upon the larger or smaller number of knives.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
A turnip-cutting machine wherein the cutting of the turnips is effected by passing
them down an inclined board to a cutting wheel d, having two sets of knives, one
set being fitted flat against the wheel whilst the other set / project up from its
surface, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 9th day of June 1891.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow.
An Improved Horse Clipping Machine.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10th June, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Horse Clipping Machine.
CHARLES BROWN and FREDERICK FRANKLIN of Glastonbury House Grange
Road Ealing in the County of Middlesex Grooms do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
An ordinary horse clipper connected to, and worked by a lever and cranks which
are connected to cog wheels the whole being set in motion by turning a handle.
Dated this 16th day of April 1891.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Horse Clipping Machine.
We CHARLES BROWN and FREDERICK FRANKLIN Grooms of Glastonbury
House Grange Road Ealing Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to and consists of an ordinary horse clipping machine to
which is attached a lever and cranks which are connected to cog wheels the whole
being set in motion by turning an handle.
In order that the carrying out of this invention in practice may be fully under-
stood it is illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings the same being marked
with letters of reference corresponding with those in the following description that
is to say,
Letter A denotes the teeth of an ordinary horse clipping machine to which is
connected a lever B which connected to the cranks, C, connected to which are
the cog wheels D the whole machine being worked by an handle as is shown in
letter, E, letter, F, denotes an handle underneath by which the machine is
held when worked.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is,
In the herein described arrangement of the lever connected to the cranks and
cog wheels and worked by an handle constitutes an easy and quick method for the
clipping of horses substantially set forth and shown on the accompaning sheet of
drawings.
Dated this 10th day of June 1891.
FREDERICK FRANKLIN.
CHARLES BROWN.