IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITING MACHINES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR IMPRESSING PAPER MATRICES AND THE LIKE
Year: 1884

page_text: OTIONAL
DI MUIDICATION.
We THOMAS GEORGE DAW of Quakers Hall Sevenoaks in the County of Kent
Newspaper Proprietor and Publisher and HILDER DAW of the same place Printer
and Publisher do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TYPE WRITING MACHINES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR IMPRESSING
PAPER MATRICES AND THE LIKE" to be as follows:-
This invention relates to means for producing the movement of the paper matrix
and the like in such machines as stereotype impressing machines type writers and
verbatim reporters and applies more particularly to machines of the kind describeil
in our provisional specification No 246 dated 1st January 1884 and of the kind
described in our provisional specification N° 4556 also dated 1st January 1884.
When the impression or printing is to be made upon a substance capable of being
rolled or bent it may be laid around a cylinder so arranged that it rotates with u,
step-by-step movement in one direction the letters following each other around the
cylinder, and ench fresh line commencing as the impression passes the line when
the two edges of the paper meet or lie parallel to each other. At this point tho
cylinder by preference moves end wise a certain distance to set the new line at the
proper distance below the one just formed but in some cases it is sufficient if it have
a regular endwise feed, the printing then being arranged in a helix from end to end.
The step by step motion is obtained by mounting the cylinder upon a shaft which
is rotated at suitable times through the necessary angles and the end wise motion by
means of a screw with a thread having either an irregular or a regular pitch. In
the former case which obtains when the lines are to be arranged one under. the
other in the usual way the screw thread is at right angles to the axis for the
greater part of each revolution and steps up suddenly during the remaining portion
so that it produces a sudden and intermittent feed.
The sheet of paper is held at one end by grippers carried by a cross shaft which
hold it down to the cylinder and at the other end by other grippers acting in
conjunction with a folder so arranged that if one end be secured under the first set
of grippers, and the cylinder be rotated the paper is laid into its place and the
latter end is folded into a longitudinal slot in the cylinder and secured-When the
whole sheet is filled with printing the gripping mechanism comes in contact with a
releasing device which opens the grippers and discharges the sheet. When a ribbon
is used instead of a sheet it can be wound spirally on the cylinder.

page_text: In one form of apparatus according to this invention the cylinder is mounted on
a ratchet shaft which receives a partial rotation every time a character is printed
or impressed. This shaft has a square cut path or screw upon one half of its length
and a key on the other half of its length One end of the cylinder has a key groove
fitting the above mentioned key and the other end rotates in suitable bearings on a
collar. The collar travels over that part of the shaft in which the path or screw is
cut. Two pins are attached to the collar one of which engages with the groove on
the screw and the other travels in a fixed groove parallel with the shaft.
To form the lines with exactness the square-cut grooves of the path are set at a
right angle with the shaft and occupy the greater part of its circumference. In the
remaining portion is cut an incline so as to carry the pin from one groove to the
next. By this arrangement the paper encircling the cylinder on being struck is
carried in a straight line the required distance. On reaching the end of the line
the incline carries the paper over its junction and carries the pin into the next
groove thus shifting the cylinder and preparing the paper for another line. Line
after line is thoroby formed to the complotion of the sheet. A fresh sheet is laid on
the cylinder as it returns to its normal position. The cylinder is provided with a
clip or hold-fast and on the paper being attached the shaft is turned by a handle
causing the cylinder to rotate and carry back rapidly the pin through a transverse
and acute set screw ways. The ink or color is imparted to the paper by the
cylinder or otherwise, the cylinder being overlaid with prepared paper or other
-suitable-preparation. The impression is thus produced the reverse side to that
which is struck.
The letters and lines are therefore formed reversely.
A supply of color may be provided by using a ribbon saturated with pigment
and carried on a roller mounted inside the cylinder This ribbon encircles the
cylinder and is wound at its other end on a second roller also inside the cylinder-
as the color becomes exhausted the ribbon is moved forward the useless portion
being wound on the second roller, and a fresh portion removed from the first
roller. A regulating screw acting on the feed motion renders the machine availablo
for the use of any size font.
If the substance to be printed or impressed be operated on upon a table the feed
may also be effected by the screw described above, the gripping and inking
mechanism being modified to suit the altered circumstances-It will be evident
that our invention may be variously arranged to be used in combination with
other machines than those described above without departure from its essential
principles.
Dated this 10th of Ammil 100.1
W. LLOYD WISE.
Per F. J. Brougham,
Applicants' Agent.

page_text: "
We, TпочAS GEORGE DAW, of Quaker's Hall, Sevenoaks, in the County of
Kent, Newspaper proprietor and publisher, and HILDER DAW, of the same
place, printer and publisher, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITING MACHINES ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR
IMPRESSING PAPER MATRICES AND THE LIKE," and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention relates to means for producing the movement of the paper matrix
or the like in such machines as stereotype impressing machines type writers and
verbatim reporters and applies more particularly to machines of the kind described
in our Complete Specification N° 246 A.D. 1884 and of the kind described in our
Complete Specification N° 4556 A.D. 1884. And in order that the nature of our
present invention and the manner of carrying it into practical effect may be fully
understood we proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying sheet
of illustrative drawings.
Fig 1 is a vertical section, Fig 2 a side view partly in section, Fig 3 a view at
right angles to Fig 2, and Fig 4 a plan or top view of so much of a machine
according to our invention as is necessary to illustrate the same. The remaining
figures are detail views and are hereinafter referred to.
a, a are type arms or levers carrying type pieces b and operated in one direction
by finger keys g and in the other direction by springs h, the arms or levers being
pivotted at d to the frame c and operating when depressed an oscillating band or
wheel j.
In construction arrangement and operation these parts resemble corresponding
parts shown and described in our said former specification N° 246 A.D. 1884.
According to our present invention there is provided a hollow cylinder or table 1
mounted upon a shaft 2 having a screw thread (or threads) for a part of its longth
and supported in bearings 3 carried by the supports or pillars w of the machine.
4 is a longitudinal slot or opening in the cylinder 1. 5 and 6 are small shafts or
spindles arranged at the longer sides of the slot and carrying grippers 7 and 8 for
holding a matrix or sheet of paper or other material close against the surface of the
cylinder 1 whilst being impressed or printed. The spindles 5 and 6 have each at
one end a projecting piece or lever arm 9 pivotted at 10, the free ends of these
lever arms being connected by a spring 11 or equivalent device tending to move
the said ends together and normally causing the grippers 7 and 8 to securely grip
the material on the cylinder 1. One end of the cylinder 1 is connected to and
carried in a bearing in the collar 12. The shaft 2 is provided at one end with a
ratchet wheel 13 whereby it receives a partial rotation every time a character is
impressed or printed by means of the ring j and pawl v. Instead of a ratchet
wheel and pawl I may employ a wheel to which motion is imparted from the band
or wheel by a frictional grip as will be readily understood. The shaft 2 has a
square cut path or screw thread 14 upon about one half of its length and two
longitudinal slots 15 cut in the other part of its length the said slots being
arranged diametrically opposite each other. The collar 12 is provided with a pin
or projection 16 which engages with and travels in the path or screw thread 14
and with a projecting arm 17 having a slotted end, which slides along a fixed
bar 18 secured to the frame of the machine and arranged parallel to the axis of the
shaft 2. By these means the collar 12 is advanced along the screw thread 14 but
prevented from rotating with the shaft 2 when the latter is rotated the cylinder 1
being simultaneously rotated with the said shaft and advanced thereon as required
as will be readily understood. Within the hollow screw shaft 2 is a spring 19

page_text: which rests at one end against the end of the interior of the shaft whilst its other
end bears against a piece 20 that bears upon a cross piece 21 inserted through the
slots 15 and carried by one end of the cylinder 1; the object of the arrangement
being to automatically carry the cylinder back to its starting point when required.
The screw thread 14 of shaft 2 may have an irregular pitch as shown in Fig 5,
or a regular pitch as shown in Fig 6.
In the former case which obtains when the lines are to be arranged one under
the other in the usual way, the screw thread or groove 14 is at right angles to the
axis of the shaft 2 for the greater part of each revolution as shown, and steps up
suddenly at the incline 22 during the remaining portion causing the pin or pro- 1
jection 16 to pass from one groove to the next and thus producing a sudden and
intermitting feed.
25 18
In the latter case a regular but slow endwise feed is imparted to the cylinder 1,
the impressions or printing being then arranged in a helix from end to end. This
arrangement of regular feed may be used when impressing or printing with
small type, whilst the arrangement for intermittent feed may be employed when
using large type. 23 is a groove or path cut through the screw thread 14 to
allow of the pin 16 being returned direct to its original position at one end of
the screw thread by means of the spring 19. In lieu of this groove or path 23
being straight as shown, it may be in the form of a screw thread of large pitch, the
pin 16 being in this case, caused to travel back through the groove or path by
turning the shaft 2 by hand. 24 is a pin or projection on one side of the ratchet
-wheel-13-arranged to pass between and separate the ends of the lever arms 9 as
shown in Fig 7 whereby the grippers are removed from-contact with the matrix or
paper on the cylinder. The matrix or paper being thus released falls away.
a plate pivotted on the bar 18 and provided with a bent piece of wire 26. Upon
this bent piece a spring 27 bears and normally keeps the plate 25 in its raised or
open position as shown in Fig 8. On one end of the cylinder 1 is a projecting rim
or edge 28 cut away at 29 for a purpose hereinafter specified. 30 is a cam attached
to one side of or formed in one with the ratchet wheel 13 and 31 is a sliding piece
or collar on the support w. The sliding piece 31 is provided with a pin or pro-
jection 32 which is kept in contact with the exterior surface of the cam 30 by n
spring 33. 34, 34 are pivotted plates serving to retain the end portions of the
shaft 2 in the bearings 3. By turning the plates upward the shaft and attached
parts may be readily removed from the machine. The shaft 2 is provided with
milled euds 35 for the purpose of conveniently turning the same by hand when
desired. 36 is a ring or frame provided with vertical slots 37 equal in number to
that of the lovers a; These slots serve as guides for the said levers a to prevent
their free ends vibrating and to bring all the type pieces b to one point when
depressed thus ensuring that the impressions or printing shall be accurately in line.
In lieu of the slotted ring there may be employed a ring frame or spider having a
hole in its central portion through which each type piece b may pass when depressed,
the said hole serving as a guide thereto for the purpose above stated. k, k are
springs against the action of which the oscillating band or wheel j moves in one
direction, and which effects its return movement. For the purpose of regulating
the extent of motion of the band or wheel ja bar or lever 38 pivotted at 38* and
provided with a pin 39 may be employed. is a pin or projection on the band or
wheel j.
One end of one of the springs k is secured to the said pin or pro-
40 is a series of
jection which normally rests against one side of the lever 38.
holes or recesses in the frame of the machine into one or other of which the
pin 39 may enter and hold the lever 38 in any desired fixed position relative
to the travel of the pin whereby the oscillation of the band or wheel i may be
regulated according to the size of font of type employed. When the machine now
being described is to be used as a type writer, ink or colour is imparted to the
paper by the cylinder or otherwise, the cylinder being overlaid with prepared paper
or other suitable preparation. The impressions are thus produced the reverse side
to that which is struck the type pieces themselves having a clean surface whereby

page_text: they require no washing. A supply of colour is provided by using a ribbon or
sheet of prepared paper or other substance wound upon a roller 41 encircling the
hollow axis of the cylinder 1. Ono end of this paper or other substance (not
shown in the drawings) passes through the slot 4 encircles the cylinder, and,
re-enters the same through the said slot and is finally wound upon a second roller
or bar 42 (Figs 9 and 10) mounted within the cylinder. When the colour becomes
exhausted a fresh portion of paper is moved or drawn forward from the roller 41
by the roller 42 operated by a key fitting a projecting arbor 44 thereon this
operation being assisted by a gear wheel 45 rotated by means of a key fitting its
arbor 46, and gearing with a second gear wheel 47 secured to the roller 41 whereby
the paper is unwound as will be readily understood. The operation of the machine
is as follows: Supposing a sheet of paper or other material on the cylinder 1 to
have to be filled with print or impressions and that the cylinder itself is returning
to the right hand end of the machine (as seen in Figs 1 and 2) then as it reaches
the end of its stroke, the pin 24 passes between the ends of the lever arms 9 opens
the grippers and allows the paper previously printed or impressed to fall away
from the cylinder. Whilst the grippers are open a new sheet of paper is inserted
under the series 7 and the shaft 2 rotated by hand whereby the pin 16 passes from
the curved portion 48 of the screw thread 14 to the beginning of the first screw
thread and the cylinder is moved slightly forward. This movement causes the
pin 24 to become disengaged from the lover arms 9 allowing the grippers to close
and one series of them to hold one end of the paper, whilst the end 49 of the bent
wire 26, which previously passed through the opening at 29 is caused to mount
upon the rim or edge 28 and throw over the folder or plate 25 into contact with
the paper on the cylinder and as the latter revolves folds the paper smoothly
thereon. When the cylinder has nearly completed a revolution and it and the
folder 25 are in the position shown in Fig 10 then upon further movement of the
cylinder a curved projecting piece 50 on the folder passes beneath a pin 51
projecting from the centre gripper of the series 8, thereby momentarily opening
the said series, and allowing the folder to place the remaining end of the paper
beneath the said series of grippers where it is held securely. The above rotation
of the cylinder and shaft causes the cam 30 to raise the pin 32 against the action
of the spring 33 until the piu 32 reaches the incline portion 52 (Fig 3) of the cam,
down which it is forced by the action of the said spring 33, this action causing the
shaft and cylinder to suddenly and quickly move forward through a short space
whereby the pin 16 is made to pass from one screw thread up an incline 22 to the
next screw thread and feed the cylinder endwise, when an intermittent feed is used,
for the next line. At the same time this quick motion of the cylinder causes the
grippers and slot 4 to revolve forward so that a type piece when next depressed
shall strike upon the solid portion of the cylinder and not through the slot. This
motion which is entirely automatic and independent of any action of the operator
causes the cylinder after the completion of one line of impressions to be immediately
placed. in position for the commencement of another line. As each line of
impressions or printing is made, by the successive depressions of the type pieces b
the cylinder is actuated as just described, the spring 19 being gradually compressed
by the cross piece 21 until the pin 16 reaches the end of the screw thread 14
whereupon the said pin 16 enters the groove 23 and is carried, together with the
cylinder 1, back to the right hand side of the machine, by the force of the said
compressed spring 19. Here the printed or impressed sheet is released as heretofore
described. The operations above described may then again take place to print or
impress another sheet. Instead of using prepared paper or other material for
supplying color as just described, the arrangement of type arms and levers and
means for inking the type pieces thereof described in one of our said former
specifications viz N° 4556 A.D. 1884 may be employed if desired.
Where a ribbon of paper or other material is used instead of a sheet it may be
wound spirally on the cylinder.

page_text: If the substance to be printed or impressed be operated on upon a table the feed
may also be effected by the screw described above, the gripping and inking
anechanism being modified to suit the altered circumstances.
It will be evident that our invention may be variously arranged to be used in
combination with other machines than those described above without departure
from its essential principles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In apparatus for producing printed or impressed surfaces the use in combina-
tion with type or type pieces and means for operating the same, of a cylinder
(or its equivalent) serving as a table for material to be impressed or printed such
cylinder being mounted on a shaft to which a partial rotation is caused to be
automatically imparted during the return of a type or type piece after its depression
the arrangement being such that the cylinder has imparted to it intermittent or
step-by-step movement in a rotary sense for forming lines of words in addition to
the end wise movement required to form a column of lines substantially as
described.
2. In apparatus of the kind hereinbefore referred to for producing printed or
impressed surfaces the use of a cylinder such as 1, with means for holding thereto
inaterial to be printed or impressed, a shaft such as 2, with screw thread (or
-threads) 14, the cylinder being mounted upon the shaft and connected therewith
in such a way that rotary motion of the shaft shall-be-imparted to the cylinder,
and that the cylinder shall be caused to move longitudinally upon the shaft by the
action of the screw thread substantially in manner and for the purposes described
and set forth above.
3 In apparatus for producing printed surfaces the use in combination with a
cylinder or its equivalent serving as a table for material to be impressed or printed
of means substantially such as hereinabove described for folding and gripping the
said material upon the cylinder and automatically releasing the material from the
cylinder,
4. In apparatus of the kind hereinabove referred to for producing printed
surfaces providing the cylinder that serves as a table for material to be printed
upon with a renewable surface of material charged with ink or colour so that by
pressure of type or type pieces upon paper or other material interposed between
the same and the inked or coloured surface, impressions will be produced
substantially as described.
5. The combination of parts constituting the improved machine for producing
impressed or printed surfaces constructed arranged and operating substantially as
herein before described with reference to the drawings.
13 10
100K