Improvements in Appliances for Fixing and Securing the Handles or Stales of Brushes, Brooms, and the like Implements.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st July, 1896-Accepted. 1st Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Appliances for Fixing and Securing the Handles
or Stales of Brushes, Brooms, and the like Implements.
I, LOUISE MALVINA COOPER, of the Peak Hotel, Castleton, Derbyshire,
Spinster, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
As commonly constructed the handle or stale of a brush or broom or the like
implement is slightly tapered at its bottom end which is inserted and driven into a
hole provided in the stock of the said implement and when in use the stock is
liable to become loose from the handle, thereby causing inconvenience and loss of
time.
The object of my invention is to provide a simple, effective and inexpensive
appliance by means of which the handle or stale of such an implement, as
ordinarily constructed, may be fixed and secured into the stock.
I effect this by providing an indented or serrated packing ring or ferrule which
I construct out of a strip of spring steel.
At a convenient distance from both edges of this strip I cut and form, with
suitably constructed punches and dies, two rows of indents or teeth, each alternate
tooth in each row being formed with the points, one upwards and one downwards,
all the upward teeth being made to project outwards when the strip is bent into a
ring, and all the downward teeth being made to project inwards.
I then bend this strip into the form of a ring or ferrule so that when the two
ends are close together, it is somewhat smaller in diameter than the hole in the
stock of the brush or other implement. The packing ring or ferrule thus
constructed is then hardened and tempered so that when it is compressed and
inserted into the stock it springs open and fills up the hole. The outward and
upward projecting points of the teeth being thereby forced into contact with the
sides of the hole. The handle or stale may now be inserted, the downward motion
having a tendency to compress the inward and downward projecting teeth on the
inside of the packing ring or ferrule, but by their reaction the points of the teeth
have a tendency to grip the end of the handle or stale so inserted and an attempt
to withdraw the same from the hole would have the effect of deepening the grip of
the teeth both on the sides of the hole of the stock and on the end of the handle or
stale which in this way becomes securely fixed to the stock.
The teeth on the strip herein described, I by preference place out of line with
each other so that the teeth in the upper row come opposite the spaces in the bottom
row and vice versa.
In some cases I harden and temper the strips from which I make these packing
rings or ferrules before the teeth are formed and before the rings are bent, but in
such cases employ mild steel of low temper.
Dated this 1st day of October 1895.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Appliances for Fixing and Securing the Handles
or Stales of Brushes, Brooms, and the like Implements.
J, LOUISE MALVINA COOPER, of the Peak Hotel, Castleton, Derbyshire,
Spinster, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
As commonly constructed the handle or stale of a brush or broom or the like
implement is slightly tapered at its bottom end which is inserted and driven into a
hole provided in the stock of the said implement and when in use the stock is
liable to become loose from the handle thereby causing inconvenience and loss of
time.
The object of my invention is to provide a simple, effective, and inexpensive
appliance by means of which the handle or stale of such an implement as
ordinarily constructed may be fixed and secured into the stock.
I effect this by providing an indented or serrated packing ring or ferrule which
I construct out of a strip of spring steel, or other suitable material.
The nature of my invention will be better understood on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings, in which,
Fig. 1. represents a strip of spring steel cut to the desired shape before the
indents or teeth have been formed.
Fig. 2. represents the same piece of steel after two rows of indents or teeth have
been formed.
Fig. 3. is an end view of the same.
Fig. 4. is a perspective view of the indented or serrated strip after it has been
bent and formed into a packing ring or ferrule.
Fig. 5. represents a portion of the stock of a brush or like implement, partly in
section, shewing the packing ring or ferrule in position with the end of the stale
inserted and secured by the action of the teeth formed on both sides of the packing
ring or ferrule.
I carry out my invention in the following manner, ris.
At a convenient distance from both edges of this strip, a, I cut and form with
suitably constructed punches and dies, two rows, b, b¹, of indents or teeth each
alternate tooth in each row being formed with the points, one upwards and one
downwards, all the upward teeth, r, being made to project outwards when the
strip is bent into a ring and all the downward teeth, d, being made to project
inwards.
The
I then bend this strip into the form of a ring or ferrule slightly bell mouthed at
the top or larger end, as shewn in Fig. 4, so that when the two ends are close
together, the part which enters the stock is somewhat smaller in diameter than the
hole in the stock of the brush or other implement. The packing ring or ferrule
thus constructed is then hardened and tempered so that when it is compressed and
inserted into the stock, e, (Fig. 5), it springs open and fills up the hole.
outward and upward projecting points of the teeth c. c. being thereby forced into
contact with the sides of the hole. The handle or stale, f, may now be inserted,
the downward motion having a tendency to compress the inward and downward
projecting teeth, d. d. on the inside of the packing ring or ferrule, but by their
reaction the points of these teeth have a tendency to grip the end of the handle or
stale so inserted and an attempt to withdraw the same from the hole would have
the effect of deepening the grip of the teeth both on the sides of the hole of the
stock and on the end of the handle or stale which in this way becomes securely
fixed to the stock.

page_text: In some cases I harden and temper the strips from which I make these packing
rings or ferrules before the teeth are formed and before the rings are bent, but in
such cases I employ mild steel of low temper.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that the use of a nail or pin is
entirely dispensed with and that the stale of a brush or like implement can be
secured to the stock of the same without the aid of any extraneous implement by
the mere act of inserting the pointed end of the stale into the packing ring or
ferrule which has been previously inserted into the hole in the stock and
then forcing the pointed end of the stale home into the hole. The effect of
this operation being to force the outward and upward teeth of the packing ring or
ferrule into closer contact with the walls of the hole in the stock and at the same
time to force the inward and downward teeth of the packing ring or ferrule into
closer contact with the stale of the brush, any attempt to draw which, having the
effect of forcing the said teeth closer and deeper into contact with the respective
parts referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The improved appliance for fixing the handle or stale of a brush, broom, or
like implement, into the stock of the same, comprising an indented or serrated
packing ring or ferrule constructed out of a strip of spring steel or other suitable
material, with indents or teeth formed at a convenient distance from both edges
into two or more rows, the alternate teeth in each row being formed with the
points, one upwards and one downwards, all the upward teeth being made to project
outwards towards the largest diameter of the ferrule and all the downward teeth
being made to project inwards towards the smallest diameter of the ferrule, in the
manner and for the purposes substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Dated this 30th day of June 1896.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.