Improvements in Kilns for Biscuiting and Burning Glazed and Enamelled Clay Goods.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Applicatior, 13th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Lett, 13th, 1592-Accepte 1, 13th Feu., 1802
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Biscuiting and Burning Glazed and
Enamelled Clay Goods.
1. WILLIAM COLVILLE GIBSON, of Dean Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Brick Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to kilns for biscuiting and burning clay goods which are
to be glazed or enamelled and it has for its object to so construct such kilos that
the waste heat from the burning or glazing mufHe is utilized for heating the
biscuiting kiln and a great saving in fuel is thus effected.
In carrying out my invention I construct a kiln for glazing or enamelling the
clay goods in any well known or suitable manner. This kiln is a muffle kiln as
the burning chainber must of course be free from smoke or other impurities.
Beside, near to, or as a part of, this glazing or enamelling kiln I construct a
second kiln or chamber for biscuiting the ware.
This kiln or chamber is also,
preferably, a muffle. By means of one, or more, preferably three, vents I conduct
the waste heat (which is very great as a very high temperature is required to cause
the glaze to flux) into the biscuiting kiln to heat it up.
By means of damper doors the vents leading to the biscuiting kiln may be closed
or partially closed if so desired at any time.
A flue is or may be arranged underneath or in connection with each kiln or muffle
and in these flues damper doors may be arranged, so that they may be closed or
opened as desired.
When the twin kilns are working simultaneously the flue of the glazing kiln may
be closed so that the waste gases may pass to and heat up the biscuiting kiln. When
the biscuiting kiln is not used the dampers in the connecting vents may be closed
and the flue of the glazing kiln opened.
By this invention the cost of fuel usually required for heating up the biscuiting
kiln is saved.
The twin kiln is adapted for any class of glazed or enamelled ware.
1 1001
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Biscuiting and Burning Glazed and
Enamelled Clay Goods.
I, WILLIAM COLVILLE GIBSON, of Dean Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Brick
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to kilns for biscuiting and burning clay goods or ware
which are to be glazed or enamelled and it has for its object to so construct such
kilns that the waste heat from the burning or glazing muffle is utilized for heating
the biscuiting kiln and a great saving in fuel is thus effected.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings whereon:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation.

page_text: Referring to the drawings:
The muffle kiln A is used for glazing or enamelling the clay goods or ware whilst
the muffle B is used for biscuiting the said goods or clay goods. The muffle A is
oblong in shape and is heated by seven fires C, C, C, C³, C, C, C. The door
gap is made into a fire-hole each time the kiln is loaded. The products of
combustion pass from the fires through the passage D and down into the circulating
passages Earranged underneath the muttle. As will be seen from Fig. 3 the
passages E are divided off by the partition walls F, Finto three compart-
ments G, G, G. The products of combustion circulate underneath the muffle in
the manner indicated by the arrows. Three passages H, H', 112 lead from the
compartments G, G, Ginto the flue 1. This flue is capable of being closed at any
time, by means of a damper door, or in other suitable manner.
Passages lead from the first muffle A into the passage K surrounding the
second muffle B. The passages J can be closed at any time by the damper
doors so as to regulate or shut off the heated gases and products of combustion
passing from the muttle A. The space under the floor of the biscuiting muffle B
is divided into compartments by a wall M and the two compartments are also
subdivided by small partition walls N in a similar manner to the compart-
ment G, G, G' of the muffle A. The products of combustion and heated gases
pass from the muffle B down the passage O into the subterranean flue P and so to
the chimney.
Cand are openings for filling in the clay goods or ware.
When the twin kilus are working simultaneously the flue I of the glazing kiln A
is closed so that the waste gases may pass to and heat up the biscuiting kiln B.
When the biscuiting kiln is not used the dampers in the connecting vents may be
closed and the flue of the glazing kiln opened and the flue P of the biscuiting
kiln shut.
The twin kiln is adapted for any class of glazed or enamelled ware.
By constructing a twin kiln in the manner herein before described a smaller
quantity of fuel is required than heretofore and the waste heat is utilized to the
greatest advantage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
A twin kiln constructed and operating, substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 12th day of January 1992.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.