IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING CALENDER BOWLS AND OTHER CYLINDERS OR ROLLERS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Mather, of the Salford Ironworks, Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING CALENDER BOWLS AND OTHER CYLINDERS OR
ROLLERS."
Sealed the 9th February 1866, and dated the 12th October 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Mather at the
Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th October 1865.
I, WILLIAM MATHER, of the Salford Ironworks, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING CALENDER BOWLS AND OTHER CYLINDERS
OR ROLLERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in heating calender
bowls and other cylinders or rollers. For these purposes in place of heating
calender bowls and other cylinders or rollers as heretofore, gas and atmo-
spheric air are introduced as herein described into each calender bowl or
other cylinder or roller used in applying pressure in manufactures, and
burned therein as hereafter explained, by which the requisite heat for the
particular process of pressure to which such bowls, cylinders, or rollers are
applied will be more advantageously accomplished than heretofore. Through
the interior of each bowl, cylinder, or roller there is placed a pipe perforated
at intervals with small holes; within this pipe there is another pipe having

page_text: at suitable intervals short tubes which pass through the outer pipe and are
fixed into the inner pipe. At one end of the two pipes above mentioned
there is an inclosed chamber which is open to or communicates with the
interior of the outer pipe, whilst the end of the smaller or inner pipe passes
through such chamber. Between the chamber and the end of the outer
pipe is a perforated partition or disc. The ends of the bowls, cylinders,
or rollers are open to the outer atmosphere. The perforated pipe is
supported by bearings, allowing the bowl, cylinder, or roller to revolve
freely on its axis, while the pipe remains stationary. In connection with
the chamber is a gas-supply pipe and also an air-supply pipe, so that gas
and air are supplied to and mix together in the chamber and pass away
therefrom through the perforated partition into the outer pipe and are
burned on the outer surface thereof at the numerous perforations. A
branch pipe leads from the air-supply pipe and is connected to the end of
the inner pipe, and air supplied thereto flows away therefrom through the
small tubes before mentioned, by which an atmosphere is kept up within
the bowl, cylinder, or roller. On each of the gas and air supply pipes and
on the branch air pipe there is a cock or valve to regulate and shut off the
supply. Atmospheric air is forced through the air-supply pipe by a fan
or other suitable means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Mather in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 12th April 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MATHER, of the Salford Ironwork, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said William Mather, Her special licence that I, the said
William Mather, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Mather, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING CALENDER BOWLS AND OTHER CYLINDERS OR
ROLLERS, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Mather, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Mather, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:―
This Invention has for its object improvements in heating calender bowls
and other cylinders or rollers. For these purposes in place of heating
calender bowls and other cylinders or rollers as heretofore, gas and atmo-
spheric air are introduced as herein described into each calender bowl or
other cylinder or roller used in applying pressure in manufactures, and
burned therein as hereafter explained, by which the requisite heat for the
particular process of pressure to which such bowls, cylinders, or rollers
are applied will be more advantageously accomplished than heretofore.
Through the interior of each bowl, cylinder, or roller there is placed a pipe
perforated at intervals with small holes; within this pipe there is another
pipe having at suitable intervals short tubes which pass through the outer
pipe and are fixed into the inner pipe. At one end of the two pipes above
mentioned there is an enclosed chamber which is open to or communicates
with the interior of the outer pipe, whilst the end of the smaller or inner
pipe passes through such chamber. Between the chamber and the end of
the outer pipe is a perforated partition or disc. The ends of the bowls,
cylinders, or rollers are open to the outer atmosphere. The perforated
pipe is supported by bearings, allowing the bowl, cylinder, or roller to
revolve freely on its axis while the pipe remains stationary. In connection
with the chamber is a gas-supply pipe and also an air-supply pipe, so that
gas and air are supplied to and mix together in the chamber and pass away
therefrom through the perforated partition into the outer pipe and are
burned on the outer surface thereof at the numerous perforations. A
branch pipe leads from the air-supply pipe and is connected to the end of
the inner pipe, and air supplied thereto flows away therefrom through the
small tubes before mentioned, by which an atmosphere is kept up within

page_text: the bowl, cylinder, or roller. On each of the gas and air supply pipes and
on, the branch air-pipe there is a cock or valve to regulate and shut off the
supply. Atmospheric air is forced through, the, air-supply pipe, by a fan or
other suitable, means.
Having thus stated the nature of my said. Invention I will proceed more. 5
fully to describe the manner, of. performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS..
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a roller, together, with apparatus,
for supplying atmospheric air into the interior of such roller, and also
apparatus for, supplying atmospheric air and coal gas, into a chamber in, 1
connection with the roller.; Figure 2 shows a transverse section of the roller,
and of the pipes on the interior thereof.
a, a, is the roller, having the pipe b, b, through the interior thereof:
This pipe is perforated with numerous small holes.. c, c, is another pipe.in.
the interior of the, pipe b, b, through which air is forced and which by
means of branch tubes d, d, convey atmospheric air into the space between..
the interior of the roller and the exterior of the pipe b, b. One end of the,
pipe b, b, is connected to the chamber e, e, which has a partition fof finely;
perforated metal. g is a pipe with two branches, g₁ and g³, by which.
atmospheric air is respectively forced into the inner pipe c, c, and into the 2
chamber e, e, and coal or inflammable gas is introduced into the chamber
e, e, by the gas pipe h. Each of the pipes g¹, g³, and h has a cock or tap.
thereon to regulate the supply of atmospheric air and gas supplied by them,
and they should be provided with graduated discs and pointers to indicate
the extent to which they are open.
. Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim the combined
arrangement herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Mather, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
1
WILLIAM MATHER. (L.S.)