IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATIS FOR WENTOING TEVYY ADDING
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Fernand Dehaître of the firm Pierron et Dehaître of
Boulevard Saint Denis 1 at Paris Mechanician for an Invention of, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATIS FOR WENTOING TEVYY
ADDING"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Fernand Delaître at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th November 1883.
FERNAND DEHAÎTRE of the firm Pierron et Dehaître of Boulevard Saint
Denis 1 at Paris Mechanician, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FINISHING
TEXTILE FABRICS
"
The finishing of fabrics of wool mixed with cotton requires a series of operations
which have hitherto been effected in machines separated from each other and
generally situated in different rooms or buildings. The transport of the pieces of
fabric from one machine to another leads to increased hand labor and loss of time
and the starting of each machine causes in the first portion of the pieces
irregularities which destroy the uniformity of the finish.
Now this invention consists of a combination of machines by which the work or
treatment of the fabrics is continuous and all the operations for complete finishing
are effected, each element of the combination retaining at the same time that
independance of action which is indispensable in order that the work may be
modified according to the kind and nature of the fabrics to be operated on.
The combination of machines is composed of a calendering machine, a hot
chamber provided with a fan, a Palmer or other spreading machine, a drying
cylinder heated by steam and provided with an endless felt, and an air cooler or
blower. Behind or in continuation of this arrangement I can dispose according to
circumstances, a teasling machine, a folding machine, a pressing machine or other
machine ordinarily used in cloth works.
The calendering machine serves for damping or gumming the fabric; it is
provided for this purpose with a trough with double steam heated bottom and
containing the water or finishing or dressing material. This machine is driveu
from the main machine by a strap and toothed wheels so as by difference in speed
to give tension to the fabric and straighten the warp threads. The fabric passes
Price Rd 1

page_text: from this machine over a series of rollers placed in a chamber which is heated by
steam pipes; at the lower part is a fan which agitates and renews the saturated
air; this passage is for the purpose of sweating (ressuyer) the external parts of the
fabric and to heat it in order to develop its elasticity. The external sweating
solidifies the dressing or finishing material and prevents it adhering to the felt and
the cylinder of the drying machine. On leaving the hot chamber the fabric reaches
the spreading machine passing first over a table in front of this machine which
allows the attendants who guide the edges to straighten the weft. The fabric is
spread by the spreading machine and on leaving the chains is taken hold of
between the felt and the drying cylinder. The tension of the felt maintains the
fabric at the width obtained by the spreading machine. The drying cylinder is
heated by steam and effects the drying of the fabrics; the steaming is effected by
the vapor produced between the cylinder and the felt and which can only escape
by passing through the felt. The reverse or wrong side of the fabric is always put
against the cylinder the right side being against the felt. Sometimes a supple-
mentary drying cylinder is employed. The fabric on leaving the drying cylinder
is dry or contains only the amount of water necessary to preserve the dressing.
In this state the wool is charged with electricity which interferes with the
folding by causing false folds. These folds are the more to be avoided because the
wool is hot and that cooling in this state it will produce rumples and breaks which
are difficult to remedy afterwards. In order to remove the electricity from the
wool and obviate these drawbacks. I annex to the drying machine at the point
where the fabric leaves it an air cooler which is supplied by a fan independent of
the machine, or I can place a fan or blower below where the fabric passes. The
cold air striking the stretched fabric, acts on the hot wool, increases its resistance
and therefore prevents all false fold in the subsequent operations which are thus
only effected on the cool fabric.
On leaving this machine, or after leaving the folding machine if the fabric has to
be folded, or after leaving the winding beain if it is to be submitted to continuous
manipulation, it can be submitted to the action of a teasling machine or other
machine as herein before explained.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Fernand Dehaître in the Patent Office on the 21st May 1884.
FERNAND DEHAÎTRE of the firm Pierron et Dehaître of Boulevard Saint
Denis 1 at Paris Mechanician
" 'IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FINISHING
TEXTILE FABRICS
"
The finishing of fabrics of wool mixed with cotton requires a series of operations'
which have hitherto been effected in machines separated from each other and
generally situated in different rooms or buildings. The transport of the pieces of
fabric from one machine to another leads to increased hand labor and loss of time
and the starting of each machine causes in the first portion of the pieces
irregularities which destroy the uniformity of the finish.
Now this invention consists of a combination of machines by which the work or
treatment of the fabrics is continuous and all the operations for complete finisiting.
are effected each element of the combination retaining at the same time that
independence of action which is indispensable in order that the work may be
modified according to the kind and nature of the fabrics to be operated on.
The combination of machines is composed of a calendering machine, a hot chamber
provided with a fun, a Palmer or other spreading machine, a drying cylinder'
heated by steam and provided with an endless felt, and an air cooler or blower.
Behind or in continuation of this arrangement I can dispose according to
circumstances, a teasling machine, a folding machine, a pressing machine or other
machine ordinarily used in cloth works.
Figure 1 of the annexed drawings is an elevation and Figure 2 a plan of the
complete apparatus.
1. The calendering machine F serves for damping or gumming the fabric, it is
provided for this purpose with a trough 6 having a double steam heated bottom
and containing the water or finishing or dressing material. This machine is driven
from the main machine by-a strap a and toothed wheels cc so as by difference in
speed to give tension to the fabric and straighten the warp threads.
2. The fabric t passes from this machine over a series of rollers rrr placed in a
chamber C which is heated by steam pipes 88; at the lower part is a fan V which
agitates and renews the saturated air; this passage is for the purpose of sweating
(ressuyer) the external parts of the fabric t and to heat it in order to develop its
elasticity. The external sweating solidifies the dressing or finishing material and
prevents it adhering to the felt and the cylinder of the drying machine.
3. On leaving the hot chamber C the fabric t reaches the Palmer (or other)
spreading machine Q passing first over a table u in front of this machine which
allows the attendants who guide the edges to straighten the weft. The fabric is
spread by the spreading machine and on leaving the chains is taken hold of
between the felt and the drying cylinder S. The tension of the felt maintains the
fabric t at the width obtained by the spreading machine. The drying cylinder S is
heated by steam and effects the drying of the fabrics; the steaming is effected by
the vapour produced between the cylinder and the felt and which can only escape
by passing through the felt. The reverse or wrong side of the fabric is always put
against the cylinder the right side being against the felt. A supplementary drying
cylinder Z may be employed when thought necessary.
4. The fabric on leaving the drying cylinder S is dry or contains only the
amount of water necessary to preserve the dressing.
In this state the wool is charged with electricity which interferes with the
folding by causing false folds. These folds are the more to be avoided because the
wool is hot and that, cooling in this state, it will produce rumples and breaks
}

page_text: which are difficult to remedy afterwards. In order to remove the electricity from
the wool and obviate these drawbacks I annex to the drying machine S at the point
where the fabric leaves it an air cooler R which is supplied by a fan v independent
of the machine, or I can place a fan or blower Y below where the fabric passes. The
cold air striking the stretched fabric, acts on the hot wool, increases its resistance
and therefore prevents all false fold in the subsequent operations, which are thus
only effected on the cool fabric.
On leaving this machine, or after leaving the folding machine M if the fabric has
to be folded, or after leaving the winding beam N, if it is to be submitted to
continuous manipulation, it can be submitted to the action of a teasling machine or
other machine as hereinbefore explained.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-
1. The combination so as to form a continuous apparatus for finishing textile
fabrics of a calendering machine F, a hot chamber C, a spreading machine Q,
a drying cylinder S, a cooler R and a folding machine M or a winding beam N,
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the annexed drawings.
2. The employment, in apparatus for finishing textile fabrics, of the hot
chamber C between the calendering machine F and the spreading machine
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the annexed drawings.
3. The employment in apparatus for finishing textile fabrics of the cooler or
blower R supplied by a fan v substantially as and for the purpose. hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof I the said Fernand Dehaître have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twentieth day of May One thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
Witness:
ALBERT CAHEN
Civil Engineer
of Boulevard Saint-Denis 1
at Paris.