IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SPINNING." A communication from abroad by John Birkenhead, of the
State of Massachusetts, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd July 1880.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING." A communication from abroad by John Birkenhead,
of the State of Massachusetts, United States of America.
The Invention bas special reference to spinning frame bobbins and their spindles,
and the bearings or supports of the latter, and consists as follows:-
First. In the combination of the combined step and elastic bolster with a yielding
sleeve encompassing such, and to support the same in and with a sustaining socket
or receiver.
Second. In the combination of a combined step and elastic bolster provided with
one or more helical slots arranged therein above the step with a capillary or
absorbent sleeve encompassing such combined step and bolster, and adapted to
support it in and with a sustaining socket, and to communicate with an oil reservoir,
so as to raise oil therefrom up and around the external surface of such combined
step and bolster, and feed such oil into its helical groove or grooves.
Third. In a combined step and elastic boister provided at its lower end with an
oil receiving recess or chamber, and with a side passage or groove leading upward
therefrom.
Fourth. In a combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower part with a
sleeve sustaining grooves, an oil chamber or recess, and a lateral groove or duct,
such duct being to communicate with the oil reservoir.
Fifth. In a combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower end with an
oil receiving recess or chamber, a lateral passage to extend upward therefrom,

page_text: and another passage to lead from the latter passage to the spindle foot bearing of
the step.
Sixth. In a combined step and elastic bolster provided with a capillary or oil
absorbing sleeve encompassing it, and with an oil chamber at its foot, and lateral
passages, or a duct leading from such chamber into the spindle foot bearing of the
step.
Seventh. In a combined step and elastic bolster provided with one or more
inclined slots arranged in it above the step, and also with an oil chamber in its foot,
and a lateral duct or passage leading from such chamber to the spindle foot bearing
of the step, in combination with a capillary or oil absorbing sleeve encompassing
such combined step and elastic bolster, and adapted to support it in and with its
sustaining socket, and to communicate with an oil reservoir so as to raise oil
therefrom up and around the step and bolster to lubricate the latter and a spindle
when supported thereby.
Eighth. In the combination with a pivoted spindle with a cupped step and a
yielding bolster, and with a socketed receiver therefor, and a yielding sleeve,
the latter being arranged in such receiver and to encompass the step and
bolster.
Ninth. In the combination in an elastic or yielding bolster and a capillary
attractive sleeve with a socketed receiver thereof extended above the tops of
both bolster and sleeve, the latter being arranged to communicate with an oil
reservoir.
Tenth. In the combination of a spindle provided with a transverse groove with
a combined step and bolster, and a yielding or capillary attractive sleeve, and a
receiver therefor extended a short distance above the tops of the said bolster and
sleeve.
Eleventh. In a "live spindle," bobbin provided not only with a frictional or
adhesive bearing at its upper part or in its head, a vibration stop in its bore, and a
chamber between such stop and bearing, but having a spindle induction chamber
leading from the crown of the bobbin chamber into the adhesive bearing.
Twelfth. In a spindle having at its head a curved and tapering frictional bearing
to which the adjoining spindle surface is tangential.
Thirteenth. In a bobbin and spindle provided at their upper parts with
'coadhesive or frictional bearings, and also with a vibration stop arranged within
the said bobbin.
Fourteenth. In a bobbin having a frictional adhesive bearing in its upper part or
head and a vibration stop in the lower part of such bobbin, and having a bore so
much larger in diameter than the part of the spindle to come into it as to admit of
and limit lateral movements of the bobbin with reference to the spindle.
Fifteenth. In the bobbin and spindle provided with frictional adhesive bearings
at their upper parts, and also with a spindle whorl supporting sleeve arranged to
extend up within the bobbin, and constructed to serve as a vibration stop for
the bobbin, and as a means of sustaining the whorl, as well as performing other
functions.
Sixteenth. In a spinning frame bobbin having either or each of its frictional
adhesive bearings or tubular plugs eyeleted or bushed in its bore.
Seventeenth. In a spinning frame bobbin having either or each of its frictional
adhesive bearings or tubular plugs eyeleted in its bore, and extended lengthways
beyond the eyelet, and chambered either above or below it, or both above and
*below it.
Eighteenth. In the combination of a spindle foot step, a tubular extension
therefrom, and a spindle having a cap to cover and encircle the said extension at its
- upper part, with a step supporter chambered to hold oil and having a domed to
⚫ to encompass the said cap.
Nineteenth. In the combination of the spindle foot step and a tubular extension
therefrom, with a step supporter chambered to bold oil, and provided with a domed
top to encompass the said extension."

page_text: Twentieth. In the combination of a spindle foot step and a tubular extension
therefrom, provided with an inclined slot in its lower part with a step supporter
chambered to hold oil, and having a domed top to encompass the said extension.
Twentyfirst. In a spindle bolster provided with a transverse slot or opening, and
with an oil receiving trough and an oil reservoir arranged beneath the said opening,
and communicating with each other by one or more holes or passages leading from
the trough into the reservoir.
Twentysecond. In a spindle foot step having around its foot bearing an oil
reservoir and a receiving trough, and a capillary groove to draw oil from the
reservoir upward, and discharge it into the spindle foot bearing of such step.
Twentythird. A spindle tapered in opposite directions from its bolster, and having
the part to enter the upper bearing of the bobbin made with a sudden or quicker
taper, the said spindle being provided with a shoulder to determine its position
relatively to the bolster, and also with a whorl arranged upon it below its
bolster.
Twentyfourth. In combination with the ring rail and its operative mechanism,
the yarn guide rail movable vertically relatively thereto, and provided with
actuating mechanism wholly independent of the ring, rail, or its operative
mechanisin.
Twenty fifth. In the combination of racks extending down from the guide rail,
with the guide rail and with pinions and their shaft and mechanism for revolving
the latter to effect upward motion of the guide rail, and subsequently to admit or
allow of it dropping to its lowermost position.
Twentysixth. In a spindle provided with a groove arranged at the top of the
bolster, in combination with a standard and cap, and with a combined step and
bolster having oil raising helical grooves or slois.
Twentyseventh. In a cap provided with a groove and its outlet, and fixed to the
spindle, and arranged wholly above the oil receiver, in combination with the spindle
and with the standard finished with a stud to engage with the said groove.
Twentyeighth. In the combination of a spindle, a cap having a whorl, a standard
provided with an oil trough and its educt, a combined spindle step and bolster, a
yielding annulus, and a pedestal.
Twentyninth. In the combination of the spindle cap and whorl, and the standard
provided with the oil reservoir and its educt, and a yielding annulus or cushion,
and tenoned pedestal.
Thirtieth. In the combination of a chambered pedestal, a yielding annulus, and a
standard (having a base, a trough, and a flange), a combined step and bolster (fixed
tightly on and projecting from the supporter into the chamber of the pedestal, and
devices or mechanism for holding the supporter on and preventing it from revolving
on such annulus.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filled by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Patent Seal Office on the 21st
January 1881.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING." A communication from abroad by John
Birkenhead, of the State of Massachusetts, United States of America.
The Invention has special reference to spinning frame bobbins and their spindles
and the bearings or supports of the latter, and consists as follows:-First. In the
combination of the combined step and elastic bolster with a yielding sleeve
encompassing such, and to support the same in and with a sustaining socket or
receiver. Second. In the combination of a combined step and elastic bolster,
provided with one or more helical slots arranged therein above the step, with a
capillary or absorbent sleeve encompassing such combined step and bolster, and
adapted to support it in and with a sustaining socket, and to communicate with an
oil reservoir, so as to raise oil therefrom up and around the external surface of such
combined step and bolster, and feed such oil into its helical groove or grooves.
Third. In a combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower end with an oil
receiving recess or chamber, and with a side passage or groove leading upward
therefrom. Fourth. In a combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower
part with sleeve sustaining grooves, an oil chamber or recess, and a lateral groove
or duct, such duct being to communicate with the oil reservoir. Fifth. In a
combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower end with an oil receiving
recess or chamber, a lateral passage to extend upward therefrom, and another
passage to lead from the latter passage to the spindle foot bearing of the step.
Sixth. In a combined step and clastic bolster provided with a capillary or oil
absorbing sleeve encompassing it, and with an oil chamber at its foot and lateral
passages, or a duct leading from such chamber into the spindle foot bearing of the
step. Seventh. In a combined step and elastic bolster provided with one or more
inclined slots arranged in it above the step, and also with an oil chamber in its
foot, and a lateral duct or passage leading from such chamber to the spindle foot
bearing of the step, in combination with a capillary or oil absorbing sleeve
encompassing such combined step and elastic bolster and adapted to support it in
and with its sustaining socket, and to communicate with an oil reservoir, so as to
raise oil therefrom up around the step and bolster to lubricate the latter, and a
spindle when supported thereby. Eighth. In the combination of a pivoted spindle
with a cupped step and a yielding bolster, and with a socketed receiver therefor,
and a yielding sleeve, the latter being arranged in such receiver, and to encompass
the step and bolster. Ninth. In the combination of an elastic or yielding bolster,
and a capillary attraction sleeve with a socketed receiver thereof extended above
the tops of both bolster and sleeve, the latter being arranged to communicate with
an oil reservoir. Tenth. In the combination of a spindle provided with a transverse
groove with a combined step and bolster, and a yielding or capillary attractive
sleeve and a receiver therefor extended a short distance above the tops of the said
bolster and sleeve. Eleventh. In a "live spindle "bobbin provided not only with a
frictional or adhesive bearing at its upper part, or in its head, a vibration stop in its
bore, and a chamber between such stop and bearing, but having a spindle induction
chamber leading from the crown of the bobbin chamber into the adhesive bearing.
Twelfth. In a spindle having at its head a curved and tapering frictional bearing,
to which the adjoining spindle surface is tangential. Thirteenth. In a bobbin and
spindle provided at their upper parts with coadhesive or frictional bearings, and
also with a vibration stop arranged within the said bobbin. Fourteenth. In a bobbin
having a frictional adhesive bearing in its upper part or head, and a vibration stop
in the lower part of such bobbin, and having a bore so much larger in diameter

page_text: than the part of the spindle to come into it, as to admit of and limit lateral
movements of the bobbin with reference to the spindle. Fifteenth. In the bobbin
and spindle provided with frictional adhesive bearings at their upper parts, and
also with a spindle whorl supporting sleeve, arranged to extend up within the
bobbin, and constructed to serve as a vibration stop for the bobbin, and as a means
of sustaining the whorl as well as performing other functions. Sixteenth. In a
spinning frame bobbin having either or each of its frictional adhesive bearings or
tubular plugs eyeleted or bushed in its bore. Seventeenth. In a spinning frame
bobbin having either or each of its frictional adhesive bearings or tubular
plugs eyeleted in its bore, and extended lengthwise beyond the eyelet, and
chambered either above or below it, or both above and below it. Eighteenth.
In the combination of a spindle foot step, a tubular extension therefrom, and a
spindle having a cap to cover and encircle the said extension at its upper part
with a step supporter chambered to hold oil, and having a domed top to encompass
the said cap. Nineteenth. In the combination of the spindle foot step and a
tubular extension therefrom with a step supporter chambered to hold oil and
provided with a domed top to encompass the said extension. Twentieth. In the
combination of a spindle foot step and a tubular extension therefrom provided with
an inclined slot in its lower part, with a step supporter chambered to hold oil, and
having a domed top to encompass the said extension. Twenty first. In a spindle
bolster provided with a transverse slot or opening, and with an oil receiving trough
and an oil reservoir arranged beneath the said opening, and communicating with
each other by one or more holes or passages leading from the trough into the
reservoir. Twenty second. In a spindle foot step having around its foot bearing
an oil reservoir and a receiving trough, and a capillary groove to draw oil from the
reservoir upward, and discharge it into the spindle foot bearing of such step.
Twenty third. A spindle tapered in opposite directions from its bolster and having
the part to enter the upper bearing of the bobbin made with a sudden or quicker
taper, the said spindle being provided with a shoulder to determine its position
relatively to the bolster, and also with a whorl arranged upon it below its bolster.
Twenty fourth. In combination with the ring rail and its operative mechanism, the
yarn guide rail movable vertically relatively thereto, and provided with actuating
mechanism wholly independent of the ring rail or its operative mechanism.
Twenty fifth. In the combination of racks extending down from the guide rail,
with the guide rail, and with pinious and their shaft and mechanism for revolving
the latter to effect upward motion of the guide rail, and subsequently to admit or
allow of its dropping to its lowermost position. Twenty sixth. In a spindle
provided with a groove arranged at the top of the bolster in combination with
à standard and cap, and with a combined step and bolster having oil raising
helical grooves or slots. Twenty seventh. In a cap provided with a groove and
its outlet and fixed to the spindle and arranged wholly above the oil receiver
in combination with the spindle and with a standard furnished with a stud to
engage with the said groove. Twenty eighth. In the combination of a spindle, a
cap having a whorl, a standard provided with an oil trough and its educt, a
combined spindle step and bolster, a yielding annulus, and a pedestal. Twenty ninth.
In the combination of the spindle, cap, and whorl, and the standard provided with
the oil reservoir and its educt, and a yielding annulus or cushion, and tenoned
pedestal. Thirtieth. In the combination of a chambered pedestal, a yielding annulus
and a standard (having a base, a trough, and a flange), a combined step and holster,
(fixed tightly on and projecting from the supporter into the chamber of the pedestal),
and devices or mechanism for holding the supporter on and preventing it from
revolving on such annulus. The first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh,
eighth, ninth, and tenth parts of this Invention are represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, and 6 of the accompanying Drawings:-Figure 1 is a vertical section of a spindle
and its sustaining mechanism provided with this Invention; Figure 2 is a side
elevation of the combined step and yielding or elastic bolster, to be hereinafter
explained; Figure 3 is an elevation of such combined step and bolster, and its oil

page_text: '
absorbing and elevating sleeve; Figure is a horizontal section of the combined
step and bolster, its sleeve, and their supporting receiver; Figure 5 is a horizontal
section of the combined step and bolster, such section being taken through the
step thereof; Figure 6 is a vertical and transverse section of the combined step
and elastic or yielding bolster. In carrying out one part of this Invention, I
combine with a combined step and elastic or yielding bolster, a yielding or oil
absorbing and elevating sleeve, encompassing such and serving in and with a
socketed receiver to support such combined step and bolster. In the Figures, A
denotes a ring frame spindle, provided at its lower end with a cylindrical or slightly
tapering pivot a, having a tapering or conical lower end or foot b. The pivot enters
a correspondingly shaped socket or bearing c made in the step d of a combined step
and laterally yielding bolster B, the bolster of which is shown at e, as constituting
the upper portion of a tube extending upwards from the step, and having formed
in it, between such step and bolster, a series or suitable number of helical or inclined
slots f, such tube being sufficiently thin to allow the bolster to spring laterally
relatively to the step as may be desirable. At its lower end the combined step and
bolster is chambered or recessed, crosswise or furcated, as shown at g, and each of
the prongs his grooved transversely in its outer surface, as shown at i. Encom-
passing the said combined step and elastic bolster, the bolster of which is to be so
adapted to its step as to be free to spring, or more laterally a little in radial
directions horizontally, is a yielding or capillary attractive sleeve C, preferably a
knit tube, or made of cloth, it being at its lower part fastened to the prongs of the
step by thread wound around it so as to force it tightly into the grooves of such
prongs. This capillary attractive sleeve, as it may be termed, extends up to the
top of the bolster, and, with the combined step and bolster, is inserted within a
cylindrical socket 2, made partly in a tubular receiver D, and also partly in the
sbank K of an oil cup or reservoir E. The said receiver D is extended up from the
bottom of the said reservoir so as to project a short distance above the top of the
combined step and yielding bolster when the prongs thereof are resting on the bottom
of the socket i¹. There is an object in having the said receiver to so project above
both the bolster and sleeve, for in so doing it forms around the spindle an annular
chamber or space to receive and hold a surplus of oil, raised by the sleeve by
capillary attraction or its power of absorption. The said surplus oil answers to keep
the sleeve oiled to advantage, when the spindle may be at rest.
In and around the
spindle, and on a level with the top of the sleeve, is a groove o¹', which operates to
increase the annular chamber to receive oil. In the base of the receiver D is a
duct, to lead oil from the oil reservoir to the sleeve C, and there is also made at
the upper part of the step of the combined step and bolster another such oil duct m,
which is arranged in continuation or line with the duct . Furthermore, there
extends from the duct m a groove n, which is made in the outer surface of the
step d, and opens into the notch or chamber g, such groove serving to freely conduct
oil from the reservoir E down into the said chamber g, and with the latter to
operate to keep saturated or properly supplied with oil the part of the sleeve that
may encompass the step. The whorl F for aiding in revolving the spindle projects
from a hollow conic cap or frustrum G attached to the spindle and arranged
concentrically therewith, and extended down around the receiver D, to and into the
oil reservoir E. At its lower end the frustrum has a flange o projecting from it.
A screw p, screwed into the oil reservoir E, so as to project immediately over the
said flange, serves with the latter to prevent the spindle and frustum from rising
upward while revolving. An inclined induct q made in the side of the oil reservoir
enables it to be supplied with oil as occasion may require. The neck or shank of
the oil reservoir fits into the spindle rail of the spinning frame when the reservoir
may be resting upon such rail. A combined step and elastic bolster, as represented
in the accompanying Drawings and provided with a cloth or yielding sleeve
arranged thereon, as herein described, differs materially from a cylindrical tube
disconnected from a flat topped step and surrounding the spindle, and having a bore
corresponding in diameter throughout to the part of the spindle within it, such

page_text: "
tep and tube being surrounded by a cloth or yielding sleeve, for the combined step
nd elastic bolster are not disconnected, or made so that the spindle at its
oot can have any lateral movement on or independently of the step, the latter
being cupped or socketed to receive and fit to the pivot of the spindle, the fitting
of the two being sufficiently loose to allow oil to get between them, and also
admit of the spindle moving laterally with the bolster. By providing the
pindle with a pivot, and socketed step, as described, such spindle becomes, not
only differently supported and incapable at the lower end of its pivot from
moving laterally or gyrating upon the step, but is kept lubricated to better
advantage. With this combined step and elastic bolster, and the surrounding
yielding sleeve, the step can move laterally with the pivot of the spindle, which is
not the case when the spindle at its foot rests on the flat top of a step disconnected
from a tube extending up therefrom, and serving as a bearing to the entire portion of
the spindle encompassed by it. There is advantage in having the step so movable
with the spindle, when such step is combined with a yielding bolster, for with such
the spindle, can yield laterally as may be required, and not unevenly wear its step, as
it would be liable to do were the steps separated from the bolster and not socketed
to receive the spindle. And besides, with the combined step and elastic or yielding
bolster and their encompassing sleeve, the bolster as occasion may require can yield
laterally independently of the step. With the improved spindle and its supports
and oil reservoir, as set forth, the bearing surfaces of the bolster and step, and
the spindle are kept very freely and uniformly oiled, and the combined step and
elastic bolster are rendered capable of lateral movement with the spindle to enable
the latter while in rapid revolution to adjust itself into a vertical position; and
besides, the sleeve is maintained with great effectiveness freely charged with oil
even while the spindle may be at rest, and as there is no chance for the foot of
the spindle to move laterally or gyrate on its bearing in the step, such foot is not
"wabble
liable to wear such step, nor is the spindle so liable to
or gyrate as it
would be were it at its foot to rest on a flat step disconnected from a bolster or tube
over such and serving to support the spindle and capable of moving laterally
independently of the step. Furthermore, the spindle being slightly tapering from
the bolster down to the step, has in reality no bolster bearing continuing
from the step up to the top of the bolster, but between the bottom of the
bolster and the step, the spindle is not in contact with the tube surrounding it
(though it may be sufficiently near for it to aid with the helical groove to elevate
oil), such admitting of the bolster operating to advantage. The eleventh and
twelfth portions of this Invention may be thus described, reference being had to
Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10, of which Figure 7 is a longitudinal and transverse section
of a spindle and quill bobbin of my improved kind; Figure 8, is a horizontal and
transverse section of it through the induction chamber of the bobbin; Figure 9
is a similar section through the vibration stop. With the bobbin and spindle
hereinafter described, the bobbin has frictional adhesion to the spindle only at or
near the upper end thereof, and is provided not only with a vibration stop arranged
within it, but with a tapering topped chamber between such stop and bearing; the
vibration stop having a bore a little larger in diameter than the part of the splndle
within it in order to allow the bobbin while in revolution with the spindle to
have a small lateral or vibrating movement, in order for the bobbin to work to
better advantage than would be the case were it to fit to the bore of the stop or
there have frictional adhesion. The bobbin A between the crown or tapering top
a of its chamber b, and the frictional adhesive bearing c of the bobbin is provided
with an induction passage d having a diameter a little larger than that of the base
of the frictional adhesive bearing or that of the part of the spindle which may
be in such passage when the spindle is in the said bearing. The said bobbin has
the vibration stop e arranged at the foot of the chamber b, as shown. Further-
3 more, I construct the tapering spindle B at and to. extend below its upper end
(which 1 usually make conical, tapering, or conoidal, as shown at f) with a short
curved tapering frictional adhesive bearing g, whose vertical and medial section is

page_text: bounded or terminates on its sides in curves to which the spindle surface imme-
diately below such bearing is tangential. Figure 10 illustrates on an enlarged
scale a vertical and medial section of the upper part of the spindle, and shows the
curves of the sides h, h, as having the lines i, i, of the body of the spindle tangential
to them, the said curves at their lower ends, these curves being struck with radii
whose centres are shown at k, k. The crown of the spindle may be conical, conoidal,
or what is better, a segment of a spherical section whose centre is at the intersection
of the two upper radii of the curves h, h. The frictional bearing and the crown of
the spindle combined may be a semi protate ellipsoid. The said induction chamber
is to prevent the bobbin, in case of it suddenly rising so as to carry its bearing off
that of the spindle, from being swayed laterally so as to rest or be caught in the
crown a of its chamber b, on the top of the spindle, as in practice occasionally
happens owing to the vibration stop, when the bobbin is so thrown up, allowing
it to sway laterally and while revolving to be kept by centrifugal force in such
position. The bobbin will usually be thrown up but a short distance, the induction
chamber being of sufficient length to prevent it under such a rise from swaying
laterally, and by the crown of its chamber being caught on the top of the spindle.
The objects in making the frictional bearing of the spindle in manner as
represented are to avoid any angles on its bearing surface that would be liable to
cut or bruise the bearing of the bobbin, and also to enable the bobbin to be easier
removed from or fixed in place on the spindle than would be the case with a conical
bearing or head to the spindle, it frequently occurring in practice with a bearing
which is a conic frustum having the top of the spindle a flat cone or spherical
segment, that it not only becomes a difficult matter to get the bobbin off the spindle
without breaking or injuring the bobbin, but in crowding the bobbin upon the
spindle the bearing in the bobbin becomes cut or injured by the top of the spindle.
The thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth parts of this Invention may be thus
described, reference being had to Figures 11, 12, and 13, of the Drawings,
of which Figure 11 is a vertical or longitudinal and transverse section of a
spindle and bobbin provided with such parts of this Invention. Figure 12 is
a horizontal and transverse section of them taken through the vibration stop.
Figure 13 is a vertical and longitudinal section of the bobbin and spindle showing
the vibration stop as fixed on the latter, or as being the supporting sleeve of the
spindle whorl, it being represented in Figures 11 and 12 as affixed to and serving
to strengthen the bobbin, which is of the kind termed by spinners a "quill." With
the improvement as shown in the said Figures 11, 12, and 13, the bobbin as applied
to the spindle by coadhesive or frictional bearings at their upper parts only, and
bas arranged within it a vibration stop, such as will allow of the vibration or lateral
play of the bobbin in respect to the spindle, and will properly limit such vibration,
in order for the bobbin while revolving to assume a position to enable it to run
steadily even when the spindle may be more or less deflected laterally by any
'cause. The spindle I make of the usual form, viz., conical or tapering, or partly
tapering and partly cylindrical where within the bobbin. In the Drawings, A
denotes the spindle; B, the bobbin, the two being provided at the head or upper
part of the spindle with co-adhesive or frictional bearings a, b, sufficient in size to
hold the bobbin to the spindle with the necessary degree of friction for such bobbin
to be revolved at a high rate of speed by and with the spindle. Within the lower
part of the bore of the bobbin is the vibration stop C, which, as shown in Figures 11
and 12, is a tube or sleeve fixed in the Lobbin, and having a bore a little larger in
diameter than the part of the spindle surrounded by such stop. In Figure 13 the
stop is shown as fixed on the spindle, and having a diameter somewhat less than
that part of the bore of the quill or bobbin which immediately surrounds it, the
.said stop, the spindle whorl supporting sleeve in this case being the stop. The
annular space e in each arrangement of the stop is to enable the bobbin while it and
the spindle may be rapidly revolving, to assume a position whereby the bobbin
will run steadily, even in case of deflection of the spindle from its normal position.
The improvement or improvements thus described as constituting the thirteenth,

page_text: 45
fourteenth, and fifteenth parts of this Invention enable the bobbin to be applied to
and removed from a spindle with greater ease than generally is the case when a
bobbin has two frictional tubular bearings to apply or fix it to a spindle, and
furthermore with my improvements, there is not the danger of the spindle when
revolving and bent causing the bobbin to be thrown off it in the said spindle. The
sixteenth and seventeenth parts of this Invention may be thus described, reference
being had to Figures 14, 15, and 10, of which Figure 14 is a vertical section of a
quill" bobbin with the improvement; Figure 15 is a transverse section thereof;
Figure 16 is a vertical section showing the spindle bearing eyeletted and in one
piece with the body of the bobbin. With this improvement a bobbin is not only
rendered stronger and less liable to split while being forced down upon a spindle,
but will adhere thereto to better advantage, and when curved or warped, will adapt
itself to the spindle with little if any deflection or bending of it laterally, the
improvement thus enabling spindles with very light blades to be employed to great
advantage, and with a consequent saving in power and expense of running them.
In Figure 14 and 15 the "quill" or body of the bobbin is shown at A, as provided
in the usual manner with two tubular plugs or adhesive bearings B, C, inserted and
glued within it. In Figure 16, the adhesive bearing B is in one piece with the
shell, it being frequently so made by simply boring the shell or bobbin body larger
in diameter than the bore of, and both above and below the adhesive bearing.
Such tubular plugs or adhesive bearings as usually made support the bobbin on,
and cause it to adhere to, the spindle sufficiently to be revolved by it while it may
be in rapid revolution. Each tubular plug or adhesive bearing formed with a bore
of sufficient diameter has inserted therein and fitted thereto concentrically a metallic
eyelet E, which at one or each end is to be upset or spread down against a shoulder
or bearing a, constituting the end of the bearing, or formed in such bearing by
suitably chambering it in the lengthwise extension or extensions of it beyond the
eyelet. In Figure 14 each bearing or tubular plug B, C, is represented as so
chambered, and as projecting both above and below the eyelet. Each chamber has
a diameter larger than that of the eyelet, and may be cylindrical or conical, or
tapering in form, or partly so and cylindrical. The eyelet occupies about one third
or a small portion of the length of the tubular plug or bearing, and by being
supported at each end by and fitted tightly to the bearing cannot be displaced by
the spindle while the bobbin may be in the act of being applied to or withdrawn
from it. The short distance which each eyelet bears upon the spindle when the
bobbin is thereon, in comparison to what a wooden adhesive bearing must necessarily
bear on the spindle to attain the required adhesiveness, mostly, if not entirely,
diminishes the liability of the spindle blade being deflected or bent by the bobbin
when the latter is warped, and in that state forced down upon the spindle. My
improvement also renders the bobbin more durable, and less liable to wear on its
friction surfaces. By the plug being extended lengthwise beyond the eyelet, as
shown, sufficient strength to the plug for support of the "quill or body of the
bobbin is secured. The eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth parts of this Invention
may be thus described, reference being had to Figures 17, 18, and 19, of which
Figure 17 is a front elevation, and Figure 18 a vertical and longitudinal section of
a spindle, and its step provided with the said parts of this Invention. Figure 19 is
a vertical section of the step as it appears without the spindle. In carrying out the
present improvement, I construct the chambered step with a domed top in one
piece with the body of the step and extended up to and around the cap, which
projects from the spindle and covers and goes around the tubular extension of the
spindle foot bearing. In the Drawings A denotes the spindle, and B the step;
a, the pivot or foot of the spindle, and b its bearing in the step; C is a tubular
extension, open at the top and projecting upward from the bearing to and above
the top of the step and into a bell cap D fixed upon the spindle concentrically, so as
revolve with and be revolved by it. The spindle step above its oil receiving
chamber e is dome shaped, or extended up to and around and fitted to the bell
cap D as closely as possible to allow of the said cap being revolved by the spindle
19

page_text: without material friction in the top of the step. Through the dome of the oil
chamber e there should be an induct or hole d to enable such chamber to be supplied
with oil. If desirable, this hole may have applied to it a suitable stopper. In
Figure 19 the tubular extension C is represented as having an inclined slot s leading
into it from the oil chamber e. While the present improvement dispenses with a
removable cap to the body of the step it also renders unnecessary the oil trough
over the said chamber, and the perforated partition or bottom of said trough as
incident to or making parts of the step formerly employed. Consequently the
present improvement materially lessens the cost of construction of the step. The
oil chamber e encompasses the extension C of. the spindle foot bearing, and in
consequence of the dome of such chamber encircling the cap D, oil thrown off
by the latter while revolving will be discharged against the inner surface of the
dome, and thence fall back into the oil chamber. The twenty first, twenty second,
and twenty third parts of this Invention may be thus explained, reference being
had to Figures 20, 21, and 22, of which Figure 20 is a vertical section of a spindle
and its step and bolster containing such parts of this Invention. Figure 21 is a
side view of the bolster bearing, as separated from the rest of the bolster and
showing the transverse groove of such bearing. Figure 22 is a side view of the
spindle foot bearing, as separate from the oil reservoir and trough, and showing the
capillary groove. In Figure 20 A represents the spindle; B, the bolster, and C,
the step. At or near its middle the spindle has a shoulder a to bear against one b
in the bolster, such shoulder a being to prevent the spindle from accidentally rising
in the bolster. The spindle is tapered in opposite directions from the bolster, and
has the part c to enter the upper bearing d of the bobbin D made with a sudden or
greater taper than the part next below. The spindle also has a whorl farranged
on it below the bolster. This I term a balanced spindle, because the part above the
bolster has the same or about the same length and weight as the part below the
belster. The bobbin is of the kind termed by spinners a "quill," and has two
frictional or adhesive bearings d, e, to support it on the spindle. The bolster
bearing has a horizontal and transverse groove h made in it on or about on a level
with the top of the oil receiving trough surrounding it, such groove at its middle
opening by a hole into the bore of the bolster bearing. The groove is to
facilitate the clearing of the hole i, which can be done by a feather or brush drawn
quickly through the groove. Below the oil trough his the oil reservoir 7, which
encompasses the bolster bearing, and has one or more holes or passages m leading
from the trough into it, the said reservoir, such hole or holes being to convey oil
from the trough into the reservoir. The spindle step Chas its spindle foot bearing n
surrounded by a trough o and an oil reservoir p, and within the latter there is in
the bearing n a very narrow or capillary groove r, which extends from the top to
the bottom of the reservoir and opens at the top into the bore of the spindle foot
bearing, such groove being to lead, by capillary attraction, oil from the reservoir up
into the spindle foot bearing without taking up the oily sediment or black oil,
which has a chance to settle in the reservoir to its bottom. The twenty fourth
and twenty fifth parts of this Invention may be thus described, reference being had
to Figures 23, 24, and 25, of which Figure 23 is a front elevation; Figure 24, a
vertical and longitudinal section, and Figure 25, a transverse section of a spiuning
frame embodying the said parts of this Invention, which relate to mechanism for
operating and moving the guides through which the yarns pass in going from the
drawing rollers to the travellers. It has been found that when the guide support
rail of a ring and traveller spinning frame has been supported by devices applied to
it and the ring rail, so as to be moveable with and by the latter, the weight of
the guide rail and its supports being borne by the ring rail, the proper laying of the
yarns on the bobbins is liable to be injuriously affected, in other words, that a
small ridge is apt to be formed in each yarn load, or too much winding of yarn in
one place in the load of each bobbin is very liable to occur. To overcome this
difficulty I have applied to the guide rail means of counterbalancing or nearly
counterbalancing it and its supports, but with the present improvement the said

page_text: guide rail is neither directly or indirectly supported by the ring rail, but traverses
vertically independently thereof, and is operated by mechanism separated from
or independent of the ring rail or its operative mechanism as to exert no influence
on either, to cause the ring rail at the extreme of a traverse thereof to be arrested
long enough for the formation of any such ridges in the yarn loads of the bobbins
as mentioned. In carrying out this improvement I support the guide rail by
toothed racks extending down from it at its ends and engaging with gears carried
by a horizontal shaft, and I combine therewith mechanism for revolving such shaft
to effect upward motion of the guide rail, and subsequently admit of its being
lowered or dropping to a lower position. The racks are so made that after the
guide rail may have attained a certain altitude it cannot be raised higher by the
racks, though their operative gears may continue in revolution with the shaft. In
the Drawings A denotes the frame of a ring spinning machine; B the ring rail,
and C the guide support rail, the latter having the yarn guides a, a, projecting
from it in the usual manner. D is a shaft of the set of draw rollers, such shaft
being supposed to be provided with the usual means of revolving it. At the middle
of this shaft is a screw b that engages with a worm geer c fixed to a worm or
screw d, which with the said gear c is supported on an arbor e projecting from a
post f. The worm d engages with a worm gear y fixed on the upper part of a
shaft h, which, stepped at its foot in a bracket i, is supported just below the worm
gear by a metallic box or bearing k. At its lower part there is fixed upon the
shaft a bevel gear that engages with another such wheel m fixed on the shaft E,
which, extending across the frame and supported in suitable bearings, carries two
gears o, o, to engage with the two short toothed racks F, F, that extend down from
the guide rail or project from guide arms G, G, thereof, each of which arms extends
between two vertical guide bars H, H, fixed to the side of the frame. From this it
will be seen that on the shaft D being revolved, motion will be imparted to the
shaft E to cause the guide rail by means of the racks and their operative pinions
or gears to be forced upward. The box k, that supports the shaft h, is movable, to
enable the shaft to be moved so as to draw the gear at the head of the shaft out
of engagement with its operative screw, in order that the guide rail, by its own
weight and that of the racks, may drop back or downward to a position for it
again to commence an upward traverse. The said box has a spindle s projecting
from it to a standard p, and there is between the box and standard and encompassing
the spindle a helical spring q, which serves to press the shaft box in a direction
away from the standard. Just prior to the operation of "dotting" the bobbins
the attendant on the machine is to draw back the spindle s so as to allow the
guide rail to fall to its lowermost position, that is, so as to rest on the upper ends
of the two sets of guide bars H, H. The mechanism for actuating the ring rail is
shown as consisting not only of a heart cam t, fixed on a shaft u, but of a shaft v,
provided with two arms w, x, one of which bears on the heart cam by means of a
stud z, while the other sustains the ring rail by a slide bar y, extending down from
it to the said arm. The ring rail is to be supposed to be provided with the usual
appliances for supporting and guiding it in its traverse. It will be seen that the
mechanism which operates the ring rail performs no office in causing it to actuate
the guide rail or in any way aids in operating mechanism for moving such guide
rail. The twenty sixth, twenty seventh, twenty eight, twenty ninth, and thirtieth
parts of this Invention may be thus described, reference being had to Figures 26, 27,
28, 29, 30, 31, and 32, of which Figures 26 and 27 are front elevations, and
Figures 28 and 29 are vertical sections of two spindles and their appurtenances
provided with the said parts of this Invention; Figure 30 is an elevation of a
combined step and bolster to be described, it having oblique channels or grooves
cut in it; Figures 31 and 32 are hereinafter described in the said Drawings A
denotes a spinning frame spindle arranged within a combined step and bolster B,
which has formed in it above its step a a series of helical or inclined slits or
grooves b, which extend from the step up to the spindle bearing c of the bolster d.
Within the said bolster and near its top the spindle has a groove e made transversely

page_text: in and around it, such groove being to prevent oil from flowing out of the top of
the bolster and down upon the outside of the combined step and bolster supporter C,
into which the combined step and bolster B is fitted, and below which it extends in
manner as represented. This supporter C is a tubular standard provided with a
bored cylindrical base f, having upon its upper surface or part an annular trough d',
such trough being arranged concentrically with the standard and base, and furnished
with an educt or passage h leading from it into the space within the aforesaid
part B. There is to the base ƒ a flange i, which extends down from it as shown,
and encompasses the upper part of a socketed and tennoned pedestal D, arranged
beneath the supporter C, and formed as shown, to rest upon and enter what is
termed the spindle sustaining rail, the tenon of the pedestal to enter the said rail
being shown at a'. Between the bottom of the supporter C and the top of the
pedestal is a yielding disc or annulus E of cloth, leather, or other suitable material.
In Figure 28, the supporter C is represented as fixed to the pedestal by screws l, l,
going down through the base of the supporter and also through the yielding disc
or annulus, the combined step and bolster being extended below the latter and into
a recess or chamber m made in the pedestal, and having a diameter somewhat
larger than that of the part within it. In Figure 29, the cavity m in the pedestal
is represented as provided with a female screw o, formed down within it to receive
a male screw p of less diameter, made on the part of the combined bolster and step
that enters the said cavity. The male screw is to work loosely laterally in the
female screw in order to enable the spindle and its combined step and bolster and
the appurtenances thereof to vibrate or play laterally, the yielding annulus E
admitting of such movements. The screws o, p, serve to hold the part B in
connection with the pedestal. To prevent the standard from revolving on such
pedestal a screws is inserted in the latter, and projects into a notch t made in the
flange of the supporter. Furthermore, the whorl u is fixed to or makes part of a
conical cap or cover H, which, fastened on the spindle projects down around the
standard, and at bottom has a groove v cut in and around. it to receive a stud w
extending from the standard. The groove has a passage x leading downward out
of it, as shewn in Figure 29 and also in Figure 31, the latter Figure being a
bottom view of the cap H; Figure 32 a side elevation of the standard and its base,
showing the notch t, in the latter to receive the screw s.
Having thus described the improvements, what I claim is as follows, viz. :-
1st. The combination of a combined step and elastic bolster with a yielding
sleeve encompassing such, and to support the same in and with a sustaining socket
or receiver.
2nd. The combination of a combined step and elastic bolster provided with one
or more helical slots arranged therein above the step, with a capillary or absorbant
sleeve encompassing such combined step and bolster, and adapted to support it in
and with a sustaining socket, and to communicate with an oil reservoir so as to raise
oil therefrom up and around the external surface of such combined step and bolster,
and feed such oil into its helical groove or grooves.
3rd. A combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower end with an oil
receiving recess or chamber, and with a side passage or groove leading upward
therefrom.
4th. A combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower part with sleeve
sustaining grooves, an oil chamber or recess, and a helical groove or duct, such duct
being to communicate with the oil reservoir.
5th. A combined step and elastic bolster provided at its lower end with an oil
receiving recess or chamber, a lateral passage to extend upward therefrom, aud
another passage to lead from the latter passage to the spindle for bearing of the
step.
6th. A combined step and elastic bolster provided with a capillary or oil
absorbing sleeve encompassing it, and with an oil chamber at its foot and lateral
passages, or a duct leading from such chamber into the spindle foot bearing of the
step.

page_text: 7th. A combined step and elastic bolster provided with one or more inclined
slots arranged in it above the step, and also with an oil chamber in its foot and a
lateral duct or passage leading from such chamber to the spindle foot bearing of
the step, in combination with a capillary or oil absorbing sleeve encompassing such
combined step and elastic bolster, and adapted to support it in and with its
sustaining socket, and to communicate with an oil reservoir so as to raise oil
therefrom up around the step and bolster to lubricate the latter and a spindle when
supported thereby.
8th. The combination of a pivoted spindle with a cupped step and a yielding
bolster, and with a socketed receiver therefor and a yielding sleeve, the latter being
arranged in such receiver, and to encompass the step and bolster.
9th. The combination of an elastic or yielding bolster and a capillary attractive
sleeve with a socketed receiver thereof extended above the tops of both bolster and
sleeve, the latter being arranged to communicate with an oil reservoir.
10th. The combination of a spindle provided with a transverse groove, with a
combined step and bolster and a yielding or capillary attractive sleeve and a
receiver therefor extended a short distance above the tops of the said bolster
and sleeve.
56
11th. A live spindle" bobbin provided not only with a frictional or adhesive
bearing at its upper or in its head, a vibration stop in its bore, and a chamber
between such stop and bearing, but having a spindle induction chamber leading
from the crown of the bobbin chamber into the adhesive bearing.
12th.. A spindle having at its head a curved and tapering frictional bearing to
which the adjoining spindle surface is tangential.
13th. A bobbin and spindle provided at their upper parts with coadhesive or
frictional bearings and also with a vibration stop arranged within the said bobbin.
14th. A bobbin having a frictional adhesive bearing in its upper part or head,
and a vibration stop in the lower part of such bobbin, and having a bore so much
larger in diameter than the part of the spindle to come into it as to admit of and
limit lateral movements of the bobbin with reference to the spindle.
15th. The bobbin and spindle provided with frictional adhesive bearings at their
upper parts, and also with a spindle whorl supporting sleeve arranged to extend up
within the bobbin, and constructed to serve as a vibration stop for the bobbin, and
as a means of sustaining the whorl as well as of performing other functions.
16th. A spinning frame bobbin having either or each of its frictional adhesive
bearings or tubular plugs eyeleted or bushed in its bore.
17th. A spinning frame bobbin having either or each of its frictional adhesive
bearings or tubular plugs eyleted in its bore and extended lengthwise beyond the
eyelets, and chambered either above or below it, or both above and below it.
18th. The combination of a spindle foot step or tubular extension therefrom,
and a spindle having a cap to cover and encircle the said extension at its upper
part, with a step supporter chambered to hold oil, and baving a domed top to
encompass the said cap.
19th. The combination of a spindle foot step and a tubular extension therefrom,
with a step supporter chambered to hold oil, and provided with a domed top to
encompass the said extension.
20th. The combination of a spindle foot step and a tubular extension therefrom,
provided with an inclined slot in its lower part, with a step supporter chambered
to hold oil, and having a domed top to encompass the said extension.
21st. A spindle bolster provided with a transverse slot or opening, and with an
oil receiving trough and an oil reservoir arranged beneath the said opening, and.
communicating with each other by one or more holes or passages leading from the
trough into the reservoir.
22nd. A spindle step having around its foot bearing an oil reservoir and a
receiving trough, and a capillary groove to draw oil from the reservoir upward
and discharge it into the spindle foot bearing of such step.
23rd. A spindle tapered in opposite directions from its bolster, and having that

page_text: part to enter the upper bearing of the bobbin made with a sudden and quicker
taper, the said spindle being provided with a shoulder to determine its position
relatively to the bolster, and also with a whorl arranged upon it below its bolster.
24th. The combination with the ring rail and its operative mechanism of the
yarn guide rail movable vertically relatively thereto, and provided with actuating
mechanism wholly independent of the ring rail or its operative mechanism.
25th. The combination of racks extending down from the guide rail with the
guide rail and with pinions and their shaft, and mechanism for revolving the latter
to effect upward motion of the guide rail, and subsequently to admit or allow of it
dropping to its lowermost position.
26th. A spindle provided with a groove arranged at the top of the bolster in
combination with a standard and cap, and with a combined step and bolster having
oil receiving helical grooves or slots.
27th. A cap provided with a groove and its outlet, and fixed to the spindle, and
arranged wholly above the oil receiver in combination with the spindle, and with a
standard furnished with a stud to engage with the said groove.
28th. The combination of a spindle, a cap having a whorl, a standard provided
with an oil trough and its educt, a combined spindle step and bolster, a yielding
annulus, and a pedestal.
29th. The combination of the spindle cap and whorl, and the standard provided
with the oil reservoir and its educt, and a yielding annulus or cushion, and tenoned
pedestal.
30th. The combination of a chambered pedestal, a yielding annulus, and a
standard (having a base, a trough, and a flange), a combined step and bolster (fixed
tightly on and projecting from the supporter into the chainber of the pedestal), and
devices or mechanism for holding the supporter on, and preventing it from revolving
on such annulus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January, A.D. 1881.