IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AND OTHER WHEEL AND TYRES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lionel Barnet Joseph, of Upper Norwood, in
the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CARRIAGE AND OTHER WHEEL AND TYRES."
Sealed the 14th August 1868, and dated the 19th February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lionel Barnet Joseph
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th February 1868.
I, LIONEL BARNET JOSEPH, of Upper Norwood, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "I.
PROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AND OTHER WHEELS AND TYRES":
This Invention consists in constructing wheels with struts or support-
ing pieces between the spokes or radii proceeding therefrom to the
felloes, ring, or internal periphery or periphery of the wheel, at such
an angle or curve as will ensure the desired strength and lightness or
solidity of construction.
Tyres of wheels I construct of an improved section, that is, instead
of the tyre being flat or round, it is made flat at each side and rounded
in the central line, whereby I secure the advantage of the use of a
Price Ad

page_text: curved tyre when running on a hard road and of a flat tyre when
running on a soft road; and, further, this construction of tyre presents
great facilities for screwing or securing the tyre to the felloe, ring,
or internal periphery of the wheel, as the extra thickness of metal in
the central line of the tyre allows the heads of the screws to be
countersunk.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Lionel Barnet Joseph in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 18th August 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LIONEL
BARNET JOSEPH, of Upper Norwood, in the County of Surrey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Lionel Barnet Joseph, Her special
licence, that I, the said Lionel Barnet Joseph, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others, as I, the said Lionel Barnet
Joseph, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
after_during_the
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AND CIBER WHIELS AND TYRES," upon
the condition (unongst others) that I, the said Lionel Barnet Joseph,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent. Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Lionel Barnet Joseph, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention and

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention (which it is my present intention to designate the
Lionel wheel and tyre) consists in constructing wheels with supporting
pieces between or at the spokes or radii proceeding therefrom to the
felloes, ring, or internal periphery or periphery of the wheel, at such
an angle or curve as will insure the desired strength and lightness or
solidity of construction.
Tyres of wheels I construct of improved formation, that is, instead
of the tyre being wholly of a flat or a rounded surface, the central line
of the surface is raised or is rounded up whilst each side of the central
line is depressed or left flat, whereby I secure the advantage of the
use of a curved, raised, or narrow tyre when running on a hard road
and of a flat or broader tyre when running on a soft road; and, further,
this construction of tyre presents great facilities for screwing or
securing the tyre to the felloe, ring, or internal periphery of the wheel,
as the extra thickness of metal or material in the central line of
the tyre allows the heads of the screws, bolts, or rivets to be counter-
sunk. In order to obtain the maximum of strength with the minimum
of weight, I prefer to construct the tyre of the wheel of the section
shewn on the Drawing by which I obtain great stiffness, and con-
sequently greater strength. I am able, owing to the increased thickness
of my tyre in the centre, to use bolts or screws with countersunk
instead of projecting heads heretofore used, whereby the liability of
the tyre working loose is reduced. I also adopt as a supporting piece
an inner tyre secured in the ordinary manner, for the spoke ends next
the circumference of the wheel to abut against. I furnish either or both
ends of the said spokes with spiked iron or other metal caps, the
spikes only entering the woodwork of the wheel, which will therefore
not require to be cut away and naturally weakened as in ordinary modes
of construction. The caps may be used with or without the spikes.
I construct the boss of my wheel in such a manner that by removing
rings, caps, or plates fastened to the sides of it, or a ring, cap, or plate
on one side only (the inner, by preference), any spoke or spokes may
be removed if necessary and replaced by fresh ones without in any
way disturbing the arrangement of the other spokes or portions of the
wheel. I sometimes make my supporting pieces, as fishing or covering
plates, of iron or other material secured by bolts or screws to the wheel

page_text: iron ring I firmly fastened to the boss of the wheel. Should it be
necessary to remove any spoke or spokes, the wedge or wedges with
the iron ring have to be removed and the broken spoke taken out and
replaced by a fresh one without in any other way disturbing the
arrangement of the wheel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed
I hereby declare that I claim, the Invention of the said Improvements
in Carriage or other Wheels and Tyres" constructed substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings,
it being understood that I don't claim the mere details herein described
per se and apart from the purposes of my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lionel Barnet Joseph, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
H. W. BUTTON,
Ramsgate.
LIONEL BARNET JOSEPH. (L.S.)