IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WOOD PULP AND WASTE VEGETABLE FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND CONVERTING THE SAME INTO BOARDS, BLOCKS, OR OTHER MOULDED FORMS, APPLICABLE TO AND FOR VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Charles Théodore Blake, of Brixton, in the
County of Surrey, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WOOD
PULP AND WASTE VEGETABLE FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND CONVERTING THE
SAME INTO BOARDS, BLOCKS, OR OTHER MOULDED FORMS, APPLICABLE TO
AND FOR VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Charles Théodore
Blake at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd December
1880.
EDWARD CHARLES THÉODORE BLAKE, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WOOD PULP AND WASTE VEGETABLE FIBROUS
MATERIALS, AND CONVERTING THE SAME INTO BOARDS, BLOCKS, OR OTHER
MOULDED FORMS APPLICABLE TO AND FOR VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to improvements in treating wood pulp and waste
vegetable fibrous materials, and converting the same into boards, blocks, or other
moulded forms applicable to and for various useful purposes, by using in con-
nection therewith the colloid or fibrine of animal blood, which is treated in the
following manner, viz. :-
In treating the blood as it is discharged from the blood vessels of the animal, I
mix of an ounce of nitrate of potassa or other equivalent salts to every pint of
blood, more or less, the salts having fixed the serum or watery part to the colloid
or fibrine substance the blood remains fresh and fluid for a considerable time until
required for use.
Wood pulp or other waste fibrous materials such as bark or spent tan, waste
cocoa nut fibre, after being boiled and ground to a fineness according to the use
required, and the water being well pressed out of it a required quantity is put
into a vessel or mixing apparatus, and blood treated as above described gradually
mixed with the pulp until it is brought into a soft pulpy state, then left for an
hour, more or less, in order that the blood may thoroughly penetrate into the
pulp. A given quantity is carefully put into a mould or moulds, and placed under

page_text: a light continuous pressure in order that the watery part contained in the blood
being more fluid than the fibrine may gradually exude therefrom, and the fibrine
or viscous substance remain in the mass until it becomes a solid substance, the
mould containing the board, block, or other useful article is then put under
hydraulic pressure in order to obtain the necessary hardness, according to the use
for which it is required, and it is then dried by artificial means or otherwise.
Another part of my Invention consists in using spent tan or waste cocoa nut
fibre alone or combined together by first thoroughly washing the same in order to
have the dirt and gritty particles removed, then boiling it in a weak solution of
alkali and grinding it into pulp, according to the purpose required, and thoroughly
drying it by artificial means or otherwise in order that boiled linseed oil or other
waterproof materials may be added, and the combination converted into waterproof
boards or blocks of suitable size, length, and thickness, as may be required, for
lining ships of war instead of teak wood as used at present, or for other useful
purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Charles Théodore Blake in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd June 1881.
°
EDWARD CHARLES THÉODORE BLAKE, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WOOD PULP AND WASTE VEGETABLE FIBROUS
MATERIALS, AND CONVERTING THE SAME INTO BOARDS, BLOCKS, OR OTHER
MOULDED FORMS, APPLICABLE TO AND FOR VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to improvements in treating wood pulp and waste
vegetable fibrous materials, and converting the same into boards, blocks, or other
moulded forms applicable to and for various useful purposes by using in con-
nection therewith the colloid or fibrine of animal blood, which is treated in the
following manner, viz. :-
4
In treating the blood as it is discharged from the blood vessels of the animal, I
mix of an ounce of nitrate of potassa or other equivalent salts to every pint of
blood, more or less, the salts having fixed the serum or watery part to the colloid
or fibrine substance, the blood remains fresh and fluid for a considerable time until
required for use.
Wood pulp, or other waste fibrous materials, such as bark or spent tan, waste
cocoa nut fibre, after being boiled and ground to a fineness according to the use
required, and the water being well pressed out of it, a required quantity is put
into a vessel or mixing apparatus, and blood treated as above described is gradually
mixed with the pulp until it is brought into a soft pulpy state, then left for an
hour, more or less, in order that the blood may thoroughly penetrate into the pulp.
A given quantity is carefully put into a mould or moulds, and placed under a
light continuous pressure, in order that the watery part contained in the blood
being more fluid than the fibrine may gradually exude therefrom, and the fibrine
or viscous substance remain in the mass until it becomes a solid substance; the
mould containing the board, block, or other useful article, is then put under
hydraulic pressure in order to obtain the necessary hardness or solidity, according
to the use for which it is required, and it is then dried by artificial means or
otherwise.
Another part of my Invention consists in using spent tan, or cocoa nut fibre,
alone or combined together, by first thoroughly washing the same in order to
have the dirt and gritty particles removed, then boiling it in a weak solution of
alkali and grinding it into pulp, according to the purpose required, and thoroughly
drying it by artificial means or otherwise, in order that boiled linseed oil or other
water-proof materials may be added and the combination converted into waterproof
boards or blocks of suitable size, length, and thickness, as may be required for
lining ships of war instead of teak wood as used at present, or for other useful
purposes.
In carrying out my Invention in using the albumen or fibrine of animal blood,
treated as stated above (instead of paste or other adhesive substance) in manu-
facturing boards or blocks for cutting envelopes upon or for other useful purposes,
I find that from the nature of the substance employed in planing the blocks or
boards in order to make them true, or in finishing off articles, by means of a lathe
or otherwise, the edges of the tools employed are not damaged or blunted, thereby
great saving in labour and expense is effected. I manufacture out of the blocks or
boards made as above described certain articles, such as rollers used in the manu-
facture of embossed wall paper, bosses used in spinning of flax (wet spinning), and
other similar articles. I find it advantageous to use the blocks made from waste

page_text: cocoa nut fibre for fancy articles of furniture, and numerous other articles which
require to be worked and finished by means of a lathe.
Another part of my Invention consists in manufacturing blocks for cutting
envelopes upon, which require to be the size of 26 by 141/2 inches, and one inch
in thickness, or thereabout, and perfectly true. I find it advantageous to make
two blocks or boards of 1/2 inch in thickness, and before being thoroughly dry, by
the application of adhesive substance they are put together and kept under pressure
in order to form one block, and thereby obtain a more perfect, solid, and true
block.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of carrying 1
the same into practice, I would remark that I do not claim separately any part of
the processes herein described, which are well known and in common use, neither
do I claim the exclusive use of albumen or fibrine of animal blood, but what I
claim is,-
The improved combination of processes herein before described for treating wood 1
pulp and waste fibrous materials, and converting the same into boards or blocks
and various articles of commercial value, substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Charles Théodore Blake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty second day of June, in the year of our 2
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.