IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAIN- ING PRODUCTS BY MEANS OF DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION, OR BY ONE OF SUCH MEANS FROM OILY, FATTY, RESINOUS, AND BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Gossage at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th April
1860.
I, WILLIAM GOSSAGE, of Widnes, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAIN-
ING PRODUCTS BY MEANS OF DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION, OR BY ONE OF SUCH
MEANS FROM OILY, FATTY, RESINOUS, AND BITUMINOUS SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
In the methods ordinarily employed for obtaining products by distillation
from oily, fatty, resinous, and bituminous substances, such distillation is effected
either by the application of heated gases (obtained by the combustion of fuel)
externally to stills in which such substances are being subjected to distillation,
or by the injection of steam (either superheated or not) into such substances
contained in the stills employed, or by the combined use of external heat applied
to the stills and injection of steam into the contents of such stills.
In effecting those parts of my improvements which apply to the distillation
of oily, fatty, resinous, and bituminous substances, I cause highly heated gases
obtained by the combustion of suitable fuel, (with or without the admixture of
steam with such gases,) to be injected into such substances contained in the
stills employed, and thereby to effect (either with or without the assistance of
heat applied externally) the distillation of such substances and consequent
obtaining of products therefrom.
In the methods ordinarily employed for obtaining products by condensation.

page_text: of the vapors obtained by distillation from oily, fatty, resinous, and bituminous
substances, such condensation is effected by conducting such vapors into
metallic vessels or pipes surrounded by water or exposed to external cooling
by atmospheric air, and the whole or nearly the whole of the condensible por-
tions of such vapors are obtained in mixture together, without any practical
separation of the different condensible products obtained by distillation.
In effecting those parts of my improvements which apply to the obtaining
products by condensation of the vapors produced by distillation of oily, fatty,
resinous, and bituminous substances, I employ a series of condensers, into
which I introduce such vapors either with or without the addition thereto of
steam or water, and I cause the first of such series of condensers to be main-
tained at a temperature about 50 degrees below the temperature which is found
requisite to vaporize the oily, fatty, resinous, or bituminous substance which is
undergoing distillation; and I cause the second of such series of condensers
and each succeeding condenser which may be employed, to be maintained at a
temperature lower than the temperature of the condenser which may be ante-
cedent to it in the series; I assist the condensation of the vaporized products
obtained from such substances by filling the condensers employed with siliceous
pebbles or other suitable material, or by adapting in such condensers a series
of perforated trays or partitions through which the said vapors are caused to
percolate, or by the adoption of some equivalent means. I prefer to construct
such condensers of stone or stoneware. I collect separately the liquid products
obtained from each condenser which may be employed, and I apply such
products to uses for which these may be specially suitable.