An Improved Method of Applying Tires Composed of India-rubber or other Elastic or Compressible Material to Ordinary Wheels of Carriages or other Vehicles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1890-Accepted, 6th Seut., 1890
An Improved Method of Applying Tires Composed of India-rubber
or other Elastic or Compressible Material to Ordinary Wheels of
Carriages or other Vehicles.
I, CHARLES HEYWOOD, of Ellesmere Street in the Township of Hulme in the County
of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I affix a flat iron or other metallic ring or segments having a bead or beads on the
upper and inner edge thereof on each side. of the wheel by means of bolts or screws
in such a manner that when the india-rubber or other compressible tire is placed on
the wheel the, saune is compressed by the said bead or beads and thus firmly held in
position.
Dated this 20th do of Santambor 1889
CHARLES HEYWOOD.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Applying Tires Composed of India-rubber
or other Elastic or Compressible Material to Ordinary Wheels of
Carriages or other Vehicles.
I CHARLES HEYWOoop of Ellesmere Street Huline Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Machinist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The object of this invention is to provide a means whereby tires of india rubber or
other elastic or compressible material may be securely fastened to ordinary wheels of
carriages cars and other vehicles.
Several means have been tried to accomplish this object but with only partial
success, owing to the difficulty of so fixing or fastening the tire to the wheel as to
prevent its wearing loose or boing forced or jerked off by coming in contact with
some obstruction such as a tramway line inequalities of paving &c. An iron tire
has been made with raised edges forming a groove or channel into which an india
rubber tire has been placed by stretching it over the edges of the said rim or iron
tire so as to rest in and project above the same; but it is found that the weight of a
loaded vehicle causes an elongation of the india rubber tire at the point of contact
with the pavement which allows it to be easily pulled or jerked off. Another form of
iron tire has been made having turned up edges of thinner metal which after or
before the india rubber tire has been placed in position on the wheel are compressed
or bent inwards against the india rubber thus holding or gripping it and preventing
it from being easily forced out or displaced. It is obvious however that such a mode
presents several disadvantages among which may be mentioned the difficulty of
bending the iron so regularly and evenly as to produce an oven and uniform degree of
compression or grip, and the difficulty of forcing the india rubber into position,
rendering the employment of skilled labour necessary to affix the tires and to remove
such as have become displaced or worn out.
These objections are I believe entirely overcome and the wheel 'itself materially
strengthened by my invention.
I attain my objects as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which are shown
three several modes of affixing the india rubber tire.
Figure 1 is an end sectional view of the felloe' of an ordinary wheel with an india

page_text: rubber tire affixed thereto by means of plates of a particular form bolted or screwed
to the said felloe.
Figure 2 is an end sectional view of a similar whoel with an india rubber tire
affixed thereto by plates of a particular forn. screwed into the iron tire.
Figure 3 is an end sectional view of a similar wheel but with the outer edge and
the iron tire reduced in breadth in order that the india rubber tire may be attached
or affixed thereto by plates similar in effect to those shown in figuies 1 and 2 but
not projecting beyond the face of the wheel when fastened thereupon.
In all these figures A shows the felloe, B the iron tire, C the india rubber tire
and DD the plates which hold the latter in position by means of bolts screws or
rivets as shown.
Figure 4 is an end sectional view of the india rubber tire before being affixed in
position and compressed by iho plates as in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
The india rubber tire C (which I prefer should have a conical section with a
rounded apex and a flat base) is made of a width corresponding with or slightly
exceeding that of the nsual flat iron tire B on which it rests, and being placed in
position on the wheel, Lattach two iron or other metallic plates D D of particular form,
one on each side of the wheel and fasten the same thereto and to each other by means
of bolts screws or rivets in such a manner as to grip the lower portion of the india
rubber and thus prevent it slipping or being forced out by any ordinary pressure
which can be applied substantially as shown.
The said plates D-D with one or more projecting beads or rims on the side next
to the india rubber are so applied as to impinge upon and press into the india rubber
tire Cand thus hold it securely in position. The said bead or rim being rounded and
having no sharp edges cannot cut the rubber but instead forces it down and holds it
firmly upon the iron tire B.
I prefer to make the said beal or rim of such depth and allow it to project above
the iron tire B to such a distance that the space between the lower edge of the rim
of D and the iron tire B shall be about equal to the depth of the said bead or rim.
On screwing the plates in position on the wheel the india rubber tire C is forcibly
pressed inwards from both sides and is at the same time pressed downwards and
upwards owing to the well known fact that india rubber cannot be reduced in bulk
by compression, but when forced inwards in one direction is equally forced outwards
in another direction.
Iu
Thus the grip of the iron plates D D is exerted to a degree corresponding with the
force necessary to compress the bead or rim into the rubber substantially as shown.
The said plates ) D may be made in the form of flat rings or in segments.
practice I find that the latter form is preferable being cleaner to manufacture and
equally effective as when made in the form of a continuous ring.
The india rubber tire may also be applied in one or several pieces or lengths, the
grip of the plates being sufficient to prevent the displacement of the india rubber even
when the latter is applied in very short pieces or lengths.
It will be obvious that this plan renders the replacement of all or any portion of the
india rubber tires which may become worn out or damaged an easy matter and does
not require any skilled labour.
1
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
1. An improvement in the process of attaching india rubber or other elastic or
compressible tires to wheels made of iron paper wood or other material by means of
iron or other metallic side plates (D D) so attached by bolts screws or rivets as to
grip the metallic tire to the base of the india rubber tire face to face as herein set forth
and described.
2. I claim in the production of this improved process the use of metallic
clamps of particular shape so constructed as to grip the india rubber tire and

page_text: compress its sides by the use of steel or iron bolts or screws as herein set forth
and described
3. I claim in the production of this improved process the use of a conical rubber
tire adapted by its shape to the grip of the side plate clamps the rounded beads of
which said clamps attach the face of the india rubber tire to the face of the metallic
tire and compress the conical shaped rubber tire, changing its form and thus hardening
the rounded off part of the rubber which is exposed to wear aud friction, rendering it
more durable and firmly fixed as herein set forth and described.
T1041 1
L T1900
CHARLES HEYWOOD.