dImprovements in Engine and other Bearings.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1898-Accepted, 29th Apr., 1899
$5
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
dImprovements in Engine and other Bearings.
SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI, of Broomhurst, Werneth, Oldham, Lancashire,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
cieThis invention has for its object improved means of constructing, engine and
other bearings whereby the friction of the moving parts is diminished. In
ordinary reciprocating engines the strains which come upon the bearings are partly
of an intermittent character, and partly due to the dead weight of the moving
masses. According to my invention, I retain the ordinary main bearings carrying
the flywheel shaft of the engine. These bearings are arranged as usual to take
in the cylinder and also that due
up the blow due to the steam
to the stopping and starting of the reciprocating parts. These bear-
ings may be of the self adjusting swivel type or of the ordinary type. The
weight of the flywheel or other rotating parts is often considerable, and being
a dead weight prevents lubrication being satisfactorily effected. It also causes
considerable loss by friction. In order to avoid these detrimental effects I add
an additional anti-friction bearing on each side of the flywheel. These bearings
may be formed of a large roller wheel or wheels running at a greatly reduced speed
and carrying the shaft on its outer surface, or it may be made in the form of a
roller or multiple ring ball bearing. In order that my invention may be better
understood I will now proceed to describe same having reference to the several
figures shown on the drawings, like letters referring to like parts.
Fig. 1 shows sectional elevation of large frictional roller shaft and spherical
bearing.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows my invention where a number of rollers are used in place of having
a large friction wheel roller as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This is shown in section.
Fig. 4 shows section of bearing and anti-friction roller bearing.
Fig.
5 shows a sectional view of a multiple roller bearing where weights are
used instead of springs for keeping the anti-friction bearing up against the shaft.
Fig. 6 shows the method of holding the multiple roller bearings in position.
Fig. 7 is a section through Fig. 6, and also shows the small balls upon which
the roller bearings rotate.
Fig. 8 shows the ball race and balls for the roller in enlarged sectional view.
Fig. 9 is an end view of the balls and roller shown in Fig. 8.
In Figs. 1 and 2, I show a large frictional wheel (a) which is held close up
against the main shaft (b) by the tension of the springs (e), this large wheel revolv-
ing owing to the friction from the main shaft supports the main shaft and relieves
the main bearings of the dead weight. The anti-friction bearing is specially
40 arranged so that the springs (c) balance the weight supported by the roller wheel
so that the dead load is taken up thereby. In cases where large roller wheels are
used as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, I may enclose these wheels in a box (e) which can

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be arranged to catch the oil running from the bearings. This box may be fitted
with small oil pumps of the oscillating valveless type, driven direct from the
roller shaft and used for the purpose of pumping the oil back again to the bear-
ings. Another method of carrying out my invention would be instead of having
large friction wheel, the mounting of a number of rollers forming bearings round
about the shaft as shown in Fig. 3, the roller bearings (f) being kept up to the main
shaft (b) by means of springs (c) or by means of balance weights (g) shown in
Fig. 5. My invention is also applicable to carrying heavy rotating bodies which
have to be run at high speeds and which require the combination of ordinary
bearings to fix their position and prevent vibration and roller bearings to support
their dead weight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Bearings for rotating shafts, consisting of ordinary solid bearings to hold the
shafts to a fixed position and flexibly supported roller bearings arranged to carry
the dead weight of the revolving parts.
2. In reciprocating engines where there is a heavy weight upon the crank
shaft, providing in addition to the ordinary engine bearings which, have to take.
the strains due to the reciprocating parts additional roller bearings flexibly sup-
ported to carry the dead load.
3. The combination as a means of carrying running shafts of roller or anti-
friction bearings flexibly supported to take up the dead load and ordinary bearings
with swivel or self adjusting supports to fix the position of the shaft or to take up
any intermittent or variable strains.