IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR TURNING SHAFTS OR BARS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Foster Burlock, of Coventry, in the
County of Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES
CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR TURNING SHAFTS OR BARS.”—A communication
from abroad by Aurin Wood, of Worcester, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
Sealed the 16th November 1875, and dated the 25th May 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Foster
Burlock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th May 1875.
I, FREDERICK FOSTER BURLOCK, of Coventry, in the County of
Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN LATHES CHIEPLY DESIGNED FOR TURNING SHAFTS OR BARS," a
communication, to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to improvements in lathes for turning shafting
or longitudinal bars and for other like purposes, its main object being to
turn and finish the shafting complete from the rough bar before it is
removed from the lathe, and the said Invention consists in the com,
bination of parts as herein-after described.

page_text: According to my Invention the bed of the lathe or machine is
substantially like that of an engine lathe, its top being formed for ways.
The headstock carrying the mandril is formed with a suitable holder in
its head to centre and hold the shaft or bar to be turned. This head-
stock is so fitted upon the ways as to travel longitudinally thereon .bý |
connection with a leading screw. The driving pulley is arranged in
connection with a shaft running along the centre of the bed with a
pinion working in a spur wheel on the mandril, the said pinion moving
longitudinally on the said longitudinal shaft with the head, so that
whatever position the headstock occupies upon the bed, the pinion when :
driven will cause the mandril to revolve. The leading screw is driven
by a chain of gearing from the longitudinal shaft.
The tailstock carries the adjustable spindle and its centre to support
the opposite end of the shaft or bar being turned. The headstock and
tailstock are connected by a threaded rod, by means of which the tail-
stock may be adjusted and set nearer to or farther from the headstock,
according to the length of shaft to be turned. The tools are made
stationary upon a head. The cutters are arranged upon opposite sides,
each cutter being set in a lever which is hung to the head upon
the opposite side of the centre, and when it is desired to make a nice 2
adjustment, the outer end of the levers may be raised or lowered to set
the cutter nearer to or farther from the work.
!
Upon one side of the head a grinding wheel is arranged to which a
rapid revolution is imparted to grind and polish the surface of the
revolving shaft as it passes through the cutter head.
A constant supply of water or other lubricator to the cutters is
necessary. To insure this supply I arrange beneath the cutter head a
reservoir which is filled with the lubricating fluid, and a pump is pro-
vided to draw the water from the reservoir' and throw it into a receiver,
from which it is distributed by pipes to the cutters.
.
3
In order to support the shaft in the head and allow for different
diameters of shafts I construct a holder, which consists of a pair of
levers hung to the head below the centre, and formed to suit the shaft
to be turned; above these another pair of levers is hung to the head, the
lower arms of the last pair of levers bear against the upper arm of the 3
first pair of levers, and in connection with the last pair of levers is an
operating lever, so hung at the centre that by the turning of it the

page_text: shorter arms of the last-named levers will be opened, and the first-
named levers correspondingly released, or these levers will be closed by
a reverse operation.
In turning longitudinal shafts it is necessary to support the shaft at
one or more points between the bearings. For this purpose I arrange
at such points a vertical slide, and at a convenient point in connection
therewith a right angled lever, and in connection with the tailstock an
arm is so arranged that in passing it will strike the aforesaid arms.
A similar slide arranged at the other side of the cutter head may be
actuated in the same manner, but preferably by a piece in connection
with the headstock, the ends of which are inclined so that in passing in
either direction, the inclino will press down the slide until the headstock
has passed over, when the said slide will be raised by a weight or
otherwise.
In some cases it is desirable that the headstock and tailstock should
stand still and the tool travel. In such case the bed is made a cistern from
end to end to contain the lubricating fluid, and the pump cutters and
apparatus for turning and finishing the shafting are all attached to the
slide, which travels in a similar manner to the slide in an engine lathe.
Mechanism is applied to disconnect the power or stop the working of
the lathe or machine when it has accomplished the work desired. Thus
the said lathe or machine is made automatic so that once set in operation
it may perform its work without further attention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick Foster Burlock in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th November 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
FOSTER BURLOOK, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give

page_text: and grant unto me, the said Frederick Foster Burlock, Her special licence
that I, the said Frederick Foster Burlock, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and such others as I, the said Frederick Foster Burlock, my
executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during 5
the term theroin expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR TURNING SHAFTS OR BARS," a
communication to me from abroad by Aurin Wood, of Worcester, Massa- 1
chusetts, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Frederick Foster Burlock, my oxccutors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was 1
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Foster Burlock, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same is 2
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawing forming a part of this Specification:-
This Invention relates to improvements in lathes for turning shafting
or longitudinal bars and for other like purposes, its main object being to 2
turn and finish shafting complete from the rough bar before it is
removed from the lathe, and the said Invention consists in the com-
bination of parts as herein described.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
1. Figure 1 is a side view, and Figure 2, a top view of my Invention; 3
Figuro 3 is a vertical transverse section of the same; Figures 4 and 5

page_text: centre and hold the shaft C to be turned. This headstock is so fitted
upon the ways as to travel longitudinally thereon by connection with a
leading screw D; D' is the driving pulley which is in connection with a
shaft D', running longitudinally along the centre of the bed with
a pinion on the said shaft D³, working in a spur wheel D' on the
mandril, the said pinion moving longitudinally on the shaft D' with the
head, so that whatever position the headstock occupies upon the bed,
the pinion when driven will cause the mandrel to revolve. The leading
screw D is driven by the adjusting gearing from the shaft D³, as seen in
Figures 1 and 2. The connection of the leading screw with the head-
stock is made and broken in the usual manner.
The tailstock E carries the adjustable spindle E', and its centre to
support the oposite end of the shaft or bar being turned. The headstock
and tailstock are connected by a screw rod E³, by means of which the
tailstock may be adjusted and set nearer to or farther from the head-
stock, according to the length of shaft to be turned. The tools are made
stationary upon a head F, as shown in Figure 4. The cutters arearranged
one or more upon opposite sides, each cutter being set in a lever F¹
which is hung to the head F upon the opposite side of the centre, and
when it is desired to make a nice adjustment, the outer end of the levers
may be raised or lowered to set the cutter nearer to or further from the
work.
The end of the shaft which is inserted into the mandrel at the head is
first turned to the diameter required, this end is then passed through
between the cutters and engaged with the head, the tailstock supporting
the other end of the shaft, and the said shaft revolving, travels toward
the head of the lathe. The cutters as the shaft travels dress the surface
before it passes into the head F, and the turned shaft fitting closely in
the head supports the shaft so near the cutters that it cannot vibrate
sufficiently to impair the quality of the work.
Upon the opposite side of the head F a grinding wheel G is arranged
to which a rapid revolution is imparted to grind and polish the surface
of the revolving shaft as it passes through the cutter head.
A constant supply of water or other lubricator to the cutters is
necessary. To insure this supply. I arrange beneath the cutter head a
reservoir “H_which is filled with the lubricating fluid, and I provide ņ

page_text: rotary pump or other suitable means to draw the water from the
reservoir, and throw it into a receiver G³ from which it is distributed by
pipes to the respective cutters.
9
In order to support the shaft in the head and allow for different
diameters of shafts I construct a holder as in Figure 5, which consists 5
of a pair of levers a hung to the head below the centre, and with a semi-
circular or other suitable recess in each, corresponding substantially with
the shaft to be turned, and above these another pair of levers & hung to
the head as at d. The lower arms of the levers 6 bear against the upper
arm 6 of the levers a, and in connection with the levers 6 is an operating 1
lever f, so hung at the centre n that by the turning of the lever fas
denoted in dotted lines, the shorter arms of the levers 6 will be opened
and the levers a will be closed by a reverse operation.
In turning longitudinal shafts it is necessary to support the shaft at
one or more points between the bearings. For this purpose I arrange at 1
such points a vertical slide L, and in a convenient position in connection
therewith a right angled lever L, L³, and in connection with the tail-
stock E an arm L³ is so arranged, that in passing it will strike the arm
L'³ or L³, therefore supposing the tailstock to be at the extreme distance
from the cutters and the slide L raised as in Figure 3, the arm I will 2
then be up, and the arm L' down. As the tailstock approaches the
levers the arm L' will strike the arm I of the lever and turn it down,
causing the slide L to descend to allow the tail stock to pass over it, in
returning the arm I will strike the other arm L' of the lever after the
tailstock has passed over the slide, and forcing the lever over will 2
cause the slide L to rise again to support the shaft. A similar slide L*
arranged at the other side of the cutter head may be actuated in the
same manner, but preferably by a piece L' in connection with the head-
stock the ends of which are inclined, so that in passing in either
direction the inclines will press down the slide L' until the headstock 80
has passed over, when the slide I will be raised by a weight or other-
wise.

page_text: turning and finishing the shafting are all attached to the slide which
travels in a similar manner to the slide in an engine lathe.
Mechanism is applied to disconnect the power or stop the working of
the lathe or machine when it has accomplished the work desired. Thus
the said lathe or machine is made automatic, so that once set in
operation it may perform its work without further attention.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. In combination with the travelling headstock and tailstock an
incline for imparting a revolution to the shaft to be turned, the
stationary cutters and a reservoir from which the lubricating material
may be supplied to said cutters, and return again to the reservoir, as
above specified.
Second. In combination with the bed of the lathe and a sliding tool
carriage, the reservoir formed in the bed of the lathe with mechanism
attached to the slide to draw liquid therefrom and supply it to the tools,
as above described.
Third. In combination with the cutters the pump or equivalent
mechanism operating automatically to supply the lubricating material
to the cutters, as above described.
Fourth. The combination of the cutting tools and the grinding wheel
with a supporting rest between them, as above described.
Fifth. The combination of the divided guide or levers, the clamping
levers, and their operating lever, as above described and for the purposes
specified.
Sixth. The adjustable cutter levers, arranged as above described for
the purpose specified.
Seventh. In combination with the traversing head and tailstock, the
automatic vertically sliding support or supports, as above set forth and
for the purpose specified.
Eighth. A lathe for turning shafting and the like with the bed, the
headstock, and tailstock connected adjustably by a screw rod, the sliding
tool, carriage, or cutter head, the reservoir, the pump, the automatically

page_text: sliding supports, and other parts of the lathe, constructed and combined
as shewn in the Drawing and operating as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Foster Burlock, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.