IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, PIPES, AND TURF
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Schlickeysen, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, PIPES, AND TURF."
Sealed the 24th October 1862, and dated the 3rd May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Schlickeysen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd May 1862.
I, CHARLES SCHLICKEYSEN, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Machi-
nist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, PIPES, AND TURF," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the details of brick and
tile moulding machinery, whereby the efficiency of the machinery is increased,
and a saving of the motive power employed to work the same will be effected.
The clay or other plastic material is fed into a vertical hopper as usual,
which is fitted with a central shaft, carrying screw, or pugging blades. The
shaft is carried at its upper part by a collar attached by radial arms to the
hopper, and above this collar and reaching down close to it is a screw or
pugging blade. Immediately below the collar is another blade, which works
up close to the radial arms, so as to leave but a thin layer of clay untouched
above it. The succeeding screw blades have each at their upper part a

page_text: horizontal face extending so far as the blade above it covers the blade below,
the object being to compress the clay as it passes between them. Tho bottom
of the pug mill is keyed to the shaft, and rotates therewith. It is fitted with
a covering of wood, and its under face is provided with vertical flanges which
prevent the clay from reaching the bottom bearing of the shaft. The brick
or tile moulds employed fit loosely in an open frame, which is attached to the
side of the hopper. The moulds may double if thought desirable, and form
two tiers of bricks simultaneously, and any desired number of openings may be
made in them side by side according to the capacity of the pug mill. They are
made of wood, and covered internally with moleskin, which is kept wet by
water fed from a trough in the mould frame, and passing through channels
cut in the mould. The openings to these channels may be covered with
cloth to keep them clear of dirt. The openings for moulding the brick, tile,
or other articles may taper, or otherwise vary in form longitudinally, but the
angles of the moulds are rounded off for the greater portion of their length.
In these roundings, and below the moleskin covering, threads are introduced
for leading up water by capillary attraction to moisten the surfaces at the
angles of the mould. The moulds may be lined with a metal covering formed
by overlying plates which will admit of moisture exuding from between their
joints.
Turf moulds it is proposed to line with wood, the grain of which runs trans-
versely to the line of progress of the plastic material, but the corner fillings
will lie parallel with the moving mass. The moistening of the mould will be
through furrows in the wond lining. The bed of the cutting table is fitted
with rollers as usual to support the moulded material while being cut, but in
order to separate the cut portions to facilitate their removal the rollers are
inade of varying diameters. When two tiers of moulded articles are made,
the double mould being used, the cutting wires will cut through both lengths
of moulded material simultaneously. In that case there will of courso be two
tables, at different elevations (and fitted with rollers), required to receive the
moulded articles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Schlickeysen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES 3
SCHLICKEYSEN, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Machinist, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Cliarles Schlickeysen, Her special licence, that I, the said Charles Schlickeysen,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles
Schlickeysen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR MOULDING BRICKS, TILES, PIPES, AND TURF," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Charles Schlickeysen, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Schlickeysen, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the details of brick and tile.
moulding machinery, whereby the efficiency of the machinery is increased and
a saving of the motive power employed to work the same will be effected.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents my improved machinery
in sectional elevation, the section being taken through the middle of the
machine; Fig. 2 is a top view of the same machine; Fig. 3 is a diagram
shewing the development of the knives or rotating pressing blades of the
hopper on a plane; Fig. 4 represents the apparatus for cutting up the plastic
material as it leaves the moulding machine and reducing it to bricks or tiles;
Fig. 5 is a moulding machine similar to that shewn at Fig. 1 but with a
wooden box or case, and Fig. 6 is a top view of the same; Fig. 7 is a plan view
of the knives or rotating blades c and d of Fig. 5, and Fig. 8 represents the
apparatus for cutting the tiles or bricks; Fig. 9 is a front view of a mould
for pressing tiles or bricks; Fig. 10 is a vertical section of the same, and
Fig. 11 a horizontal section'; Fig. 12 shews in section, another construction of

page_text: vertical section of the same.
A, Fig. 1, is a vertical hopper or case, and circular in cross section; it
is formed of cast iron, and intended to receive the clay or other plastic material
to be operated upon, which is fed into the hopper in the usual manner; B
is a central shaft carrying screw or pugging blades, a, b, c, d, e, and f; this
shaft is maintained in a vertical position in the case A at its upper part by a
collar attached by radial arms h, to the case, and above this collar, and reaching
down close to it, is the screw or pugging blade a; immediately below the collar
is, the blade b, which works up close to the radial arms h, so as to leave but
a thin layer of clay untouched between it and the blade a. The succeeding
screw blades c, d, e, and f, have each at their upper part a horizontal face
extending so far as the blade above it covers the blade below (see the diagram
Fig. 3), the object being to compress the clay as it passes between them under
the downward pressure of the inclined portion of the blades. The case A is
furnished with a false bottom g, which is keyed to the shaft B and rotates
therewith. The bottom plate g is fitted with a covering of wood, and its
under face is provided with vertical flanges i, i, which serve to prevent the
plastic material from working under the plate g and between it and the
casting C, (which carries the case A, and to which it is bolted) and reaching
the bottom bearing of the shaft. This bearing is secured by bolts to the
under side of the casting C, and the further to prevent access of clay thereto
a flange i, is formed on the upper face of the casting; k, k, are the brick or
tile moulds. They are fitted loosely in open franies 7, which are attached to the
sides of the case A and at the lower end thereof. The foregoing description
relates equally to Figures 5 and 6 as to Figures 1 and 2, the same letters of
reference being used to indicate the like parts in all the Figures.
The moulds employed in my improved machine may be made double, if thought
desirable, so as to form two tiers of bricks or tiles simultaneously as shewn at
Fig. 1, and any desired number of openings may be made in them side by side
according to the capacity and power of the machinery employed to propel the
clay. or other plastic material. The moulds I make of wood and cover them
internally with moleskin which is kept wet by water fed from a trough in
th mould frame.. The water supplied to the trough trickles down through
channels cut in the moulds, as shewn by dots in Figures 9, 10, and 11, and
is absorbed by the porous lining. The openings to these channels may be
covered with cloth. to keep them clear of dirt. The openings for moulding
the bricks, tiles, or other articles may taper or otherwise vary in form

page_text: longitudinally, but the angles of the moulds I round off for the greater portion
of their length. In these roundings and below the moleskin covering I
introduce threads for leading up water by capillary attraction to moisten the
surfaces at the angles of the moulds.
In some cases I propose to line the moulds with a metal covering formed
by overlying plates which will admit of moisture exuding from between their
joints. This modification is shewn in the sectional view, Fig. 12.
Turf moulds I propose to line with wood, the grain of which runs transversely
to the line of progress of the plastic material, but the corner fillings (see Fig.
13,) will lie parallel with the moving mass. The moistening of these moulds
I effect by running furrows through the wood as shewn at a, y, z, Fig. 13, the
water then drops through the grooves of the wood.
When employing double moulds like that shewn at Fig. 1, the cutting
table must have two beds one above the other to receive the moulded articles
as shewn at Figure 4. The beds of the cutting tables I fit with rollers as
usual to support the moulded material while being cut by the vertical wires,
but in order to separate the cut portions, and facilitate their removal, I increase
the diameter of some of the rollers and thereby give a superior speed to the
moulded articles at a portion of their traverse along the cutting table.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of improvements in
machinery for moulding bricks, tiles, pipes, and turf, and explained the manner
of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the
above in part recited Letters Patent I claim the means above described, for
increasing the efficiency of and reducing the power required to work brick,
tile, pipe, and turf moulding machinery.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Schlickeysen have hereunto set
my band and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
CHARLES SCHLICKEYSEN. (L.S.)