for other like Purposes
Year: 1885

page_text: for other like Purposes.
I LICHFIELD WATTON SUTCLIFFE of No 27 Great Hampton Street Birmingham
in the County of Warwick Varnish Maker do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF FEEDING AND SMOKE CONSUMING
FURNACES AND APPLIANCES FOR HEATING MUFFLES AND DRYING STOVES AND
FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES" to be as follows:-
My invention consists principally of improvements on an invention for which
Letters Patent were granted to me bearing date the 20th day of January 1881
N° 254
I will describe my present improvements in connection with a furnace and
appliances for heating a muffle.
A slide
Over the furnace proper which is constructed in essentially the manner described
and represented in the specification of the patent before referred to I form a separate
self feeding gas producing chamber into which the fuel is charged and coked by the
heat of the furnace proper underneath it. The fuel is charged into the upper
portion or hopper of the said chamber and gradually descends by its own weight as
the heating and combustion of the fuel proceeds. The volatile or gaseous com-
bustible products driven off in the coking process consisting essentially of gaseous
bydro-carbons. pass by a long tapering flue to a reticulated structure of brickwork
and are there mixed with the carbonic oxide formed by the imperfect combustion
in the furnace proper of the coke formed in the gas producing chamber.
covering an opening in the bottom of the said gas producing chamber which bottom
constitutes the top of the furnace proper is operated by hand so as to uncover at
the required times the said opening and allow the coke in the gas producing
chamber to fall into the furnace proper where it burns but with so limited a supply
of atmospheric air as to form gaseous fuel consisting essentially of carbonic oxide
mixed with nitrogen. This gaseous fuel is conducted by a tapering flue into the
reticulated structure of brickwork herein before referred to where it mixes with the
gaseous hydro-carbons from the gas producing chamber and also with a supply of
heated atmospheric air heated and supplied in the manner hereinafter described

page_text: The mixture of inflammable gases and atmospheric air ignites in the reticulated
structure of brickwork and the flame and products of combustion are conducted by
a series of flues over and around the muffle to be heated and pass eventually into a
chimney stack.
The air supplied to the reticulated structure of brickwork enters from the
atmosphere through one or more horizontal flues at the sides of the ash pit. These
flues proceed along the back and under the bed of the furnace pursuing a zig-zag
course. The air in its passage through these flues becomes highly heated and is
delivered by a series of vertical passages into the bottom of the reticulated structure
of brickwork into which the gaseous fuel produced from the gas producing chamber
and furnace proper are delivered.
.
In order to regulate the heat of the muffle a direct flue furnished with a damper
connects the reticulated structure of brickwork with the stack so that any portion
of the heat and products of combustion may be caused to pass direct to the stack
instead of circulating around the muffle. The muffle may be provided with hollow
walls or air flues which act as insulators or non-conductors of heat and thereby
prevent the loss of heat by conduction through the walls of the muffle.
Furnaces constructed according to my invention are smokeless.
The application of my improvements to drying stoves and other like purposes
differs in no essential respect from their application to a muffle as hereinbefore
described.

page_text: Improvements in Self Feeding and Smoke Consuming Furnaces
and Appliances for Heating Muffles and Drying Stoves and
for other like Purposes.
°
I, LICHFIELD WATTON SUTCLIFFE, of No 27 Great Hampton Street, Birmingham
in the County of Warwick, Varnish maker do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF FEEDING AND SMOKE CONSUMING FURNACES
AND APPLIANCES FOR HEATING MUFFLES AND DRYING STOVES AND FOR OTHER
LIKE PURPOSES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists principally of improvements on an invention for which
letters patent were granted to me. bearing date, the 20th day of January 1881,
No 254.
I will describe my present improvements in connection with a furnace, and
appliances for heating a muffle. Over the furnace proper which is constructed in
essentially the same manner described and represented in the specification of the
patent before referred to. I form a seperate self feeding gas producing chamber
into which the fuel is charged and coked by the heat of the furnace proper
underneath it. The fuel is charged into the upper portion or hopper of the said
chamber and gradually descends by its own weight as the heating and combustion
of the fuel proceeds.
The volatile or gaseous combustible products driven off in the coking process
consisting essentially of gaseous hydro-carbons pass by a long tapering flue to
a reticulated structure of brick work and are there mixed with the carbonic oxide
forined by the imperfect combustion in the furnace proper of the coke formed in
the gas producing chamber.
A slide, covering an opening in the bottom of the said gas producing chamber,
which bottom constitutes the top of the furnace proper, is operated by hand, so as
to uncover at the required times the said opening and allow the coke in the gas
producing chamber to fall into the furnace proper, where it burns, but with so
limited a supply of atmospheric air as to form gaseous fuel consisting essentially of
carbonic oxide mixed with nitrogen. This gaseous fuel is conducted by a tapering
flue into the reticulated structure of brick work herein before referred to, where it
mixes with the gaseous hydro-carbons from the gas producing chamber, and also
with a supply of heated atmospheric air heated and supplied in the manner berein
after described.
The mixture of inflammable gases and atmospheric air ignites in the reticulated
structure of brick work and the flame and products of combustion are conducted by
a series of flues, over the muffle to be heated, and pass eventually into a chimney
stack.
The air supplied to the reticulated structure of brick work enters from the
atmosphere through one or more horizontal flues at the sides of the ash pit. These
flues proceed along the said sides, back and under the bed of the furnace, pursuing
a zig zag course. The air in its passage through these flues becomes highly heated
and is delivered by a series of vertical passages into the bottom of the reticulated

page_text: structure of brick work into which the gaseous fuel produced from the gas
producing chamber and furnace proper is delivered.
In order to regulate the heat of the muffle a direct flue furnished with a damper
connects the reticulated structure of brick work, with the stack, so that any portion
of the heat and products of combustion may be caused to pass direct to the stack
instead of circulating around the muffle. The muffle may be provided with hollow
walls or air flues which act as insulators or non-conductors of heat and thereby
prevent the loss of heat by conduction through the walls of the muffle.
Furnaces constructed according to my invention are smokless.
The application of my improvements to drying stoves and other like purposes
differ in no essential respect from their application to a muffle as herein before
described.
Having thus specified the object or objects and nature of my improvements,
I will proceed to describe them in reference to the accompanying drawings (that is
to sav)
VIII.
"
"
"
"
"
5
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IX.
"
"
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»
Fig. I is a sectional plan of double furnace shewing arrangement of flues, on
sides and under bed each side being taken on a different plane.
Fig. II is a front elevation of double furnace.
Fig. III is a front elevation of single furnace.
Fig. 1V is a longitudinal vertical section of same shewing my improvements
applied to the heating of an egg ended boiler.
Fig. V is a front elevation, and Fig. VI a longitudinal vertical section of portion
of same shewing fire bars in their lowered position.
Fig. VII is a longitudinal vertical section shewing my application of furnace and
seperate coking chamber to drying stoves.
Fig. VIII is a longitudinal vertical section shewing application of same to muffle.
Fig. IX is a half plan and half sectional plan of Fig. VIII.
The same letters of reference upon the several figures indicating the same parts.
a. is the furnace (Fig. IV) and a¹ is the gas generating or coal distillatory part
of the furnace, and b, b. are the standards, c. c are bearing bars for fire bars, d. is
stationary dead plate acting as distance piece for top of standards. e. e¹ are tie
bolts, e acting as bearer for fire bars also, having tubes thereon which serve as
distance pieces for standards. f. is the moveable dead plate of furnace, capable of
a rocking or vibratory motion by means of the lever f¹ (see dotted position in
Fig. VI) for the purpose hereafter explained. is a sliding stoking door through
which the fuel may be fed to the furnace for the first charge. The said door
may either be lifted by the lever ¹ (see Fig. III) or the door may be provided
with counter balance weights or connected. by chains running over pulleys
(see Fig. II) Above the gas generating part al of the furnace is the fuel
hopper g. having therein a hinged flap h. by opening or closing which, a greater or
less quantity of the fuel may be permitted to pass by its own weight from the said
hopper, into the gas generating part a¹ of the furnace, and on to the dead plate f.
in a distilled or heated state whence it gradually passes down the inclined fire bars x.
being again controlled by the adjustable bridge v. and is consumed in its descent
down the bars x: the gases of combustion being effectually consumed and smoke
prevented by mixing highly heated air with the said gases, as herein after explained.
The hopper g. is provided with a lid g¹ or a hinged door g³ (Figs. III and IV) for
charging it with fuel. The inclined moveable fire bars x. are supported and raised
and lowered, by the following combination of parts.
In front and beneath the furnace are standards or uprights b. to which the fire-
bars x are hinged at e¹ the said fire bars being carried by a rectangular frame y.

page_text: The said frame y. carrying the fire bars x. is supported by the cams e³ turning on the
centres et connected by the chains e³ the pulleys e on the shaft e' the chains e³ may
be coiled upon or uncoiled from the pulleys e. The said cams are thereby made to
raise or lower the inclined fire-bars x. A pawl e engaging with a ratchet wheel elo
on the shaft e preserves the fire bars in the position to which they have been
adjusted. When the fire-bars x. are in a raised position (Fig. IV) the furnace is ready
for working. When it is wished to diminish the heat of the furnace or entirely stop
the working of the furnace the said fire-bars are lowered (Fig. VI) and the vibratory
dead plate f. raised so as to cut off the supply of fuel from the furnace. The action
of slightly raising or lowering of the bars disturbs and breaks up any clinkers
which may form upon them. The front of the ash pit of the furnace may be closed
by a plate or door and air for the support of combustion of the fuel in the
furnace a. passes through valves or doors t* t* (Fig. II) By opening the said valves
or doors more or less of the requisite quantity of air may be admitted to the furnace
or the supply of air entirely cut off, the heat of the furnace may also be diminished
by opening the doors t. t. (Figs. II and III) thereby admitting cold air by the
channel through the openings u. u. u. u. (Figs. II and IV).
Should the fuel in the hopper g. or in the gas generating part a¹ of the furnace
clog, it may be agitated or disturbed by raising the dead plate f. by means of the
lever f¹ so as to cause it to readily pass by its own weight into the furnace a.
(Fig. ÌV).
I will now describe the arrangement of flues for heating the air to be supplied to
the furnace proper, for mixing with the combustible gases after they pass the
regulating arch v.
Under the furnace bed and situated in the brick-work are two sets of horizontal
flues r. and at different levels, being divided by a partition wall ³ and working
separately.
The shape of the flues or passages is best seen in Figs. I and IV. The cold air
to be heated enters by the passage descending to the lower flues r. r. traversing
the said lower flues it rises at the end 78 into the upper set of flues 171 after
traversing which the heated air passing into the vertical fue r7 rises and enters the
cold air flue and passes at a high temperature through the side openings u. into
the combustion chamber of the furnace proper, to mix with and burn the combustible
gases from the furnace a.
I will now describe in connection with drawings Figs. VIII and IX my present
improvements as applied to a muffle.
Over the furnace proper I form a separate self feeding gas producing chamber No 1
into which the fuel is charged through the hopper No 2. descending by its own
weight as the heating and combustion of the fuel proceeds, being regulated firstly
by the flap 3 and secondly by the arch No 3. The fuel in said chamber No 1 is
coked by the heat of the furnace proper beneath, and the volatile or gaseous
combustible products driven off consisting essentially of gaseous hydrocarbons pass
by a long tapering flue No 4. to a reticulated structure of brick work No 5. and are
then mixed with the carbonic oxide formed by the imperfect combustion in the
furnace proper of the coke discharged from the gas producing chamber, the bottom
of said chamber constitutes the top of furnace proper, in which is a slide, No 6.
covering an opening No 7. the said slide is operated by hand so as to allow at the
required times the coke in gas producing chamber to fall into the furnace proper,
where it burns, but with so limited a supply of air as to form gaseous fuel consisting
essentially of carbonic oxide mixed with nitrogen. This gaseous fuel is conducted
by a tapering flue No 8. into the reticulated structure of brick-work No 5. where it
mixes with the gaseous hydro-carbons from the gas producing chamber and also
with a supply of beated atmospheric air ignites, and the flame and products of
combustion are conducted by a series of flues No 15 along the sides and over the
top of the muffie stove, or boiler to be heated and pass eventually into a chimney
stack No 13. the said flues being divided into two sets running on either side of the
muffle, No 16. descending vertical flues Nos. 17. 17. into horizontal flues Nos 18. 18,

page_text: entering stack No 13. through dampers Nos. 10, 19 by means of which the heat is
regulated.
The air supplied to the reticulated structure of brick-work enters from the
atmosphere through one or more horizontal flues No 9. at the sides of the ash pit.
These flues proceed along the sides, back and under the bed of the furnace, in a zig,
zag course, in its passage becoming highly heated and is delivered by a series of
vertical passages. Nos 10. 10. 10. into the bottom of the reticulated structure of
brick work No 5 mixing with the gaseous fuel froin the gas producing chamber and
furnace proper, allowing combustion to take place, as herein before described.
In order to regulate the heat of the muffle a direct flue No 11 furnished with a
damper No 12 connects the reticulated structure of brick-work with the stack No 13
so that any portion of the heat and products of combustion may be caused to pass
direct to the stack instead of circulating round the muffle. The muffle may be
provided with hollow walls or air flues No 14 which act as insulators, or non-
conductors of heat.
The application of my patent furnace as applied to drying stoves is shown
in Fig. VII. and its application to boilers, furnaces, or any like purposes differs in
no essential respect from its application to a muffle as herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
improvements and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is
1st The heating of fuel in a hopper and supplying it in a heated condition on to
fire bars, and the method of producing gas and conducting said gas to point where
heat is required, where a supply of heated air is admitted allowing combustion to
take place.
2nd Improvements in mechanical parts of the furnace viz in combination with
the fire chamber and the inclined firebars hinged to the rear ends mechanism
substantially as described, for raising and lowering and adjusting to different
positions the front ends of said firebars as one body, and a retaining device for
securing said mechanism, with the bars in any desired position as set forth.
3rd The combination with furnace and parts constructed in same manner as
described and represented in the specification of the patent before referred to of
a seperate hopper and self feeding gas producing chamber into which the fuel is
charged and coked by the heat of the furnace proper, the opening through which
coke is discharged into furnace proper at the required times, the long tapering flues
leading to the reticulated structure of brick work, the direct flue leading from
reticulated structure of brick work to stack and the hollow walls or air flues acting
as insulators or non-conductors and the other specially constructed flues surrounding
said muffle, boiler, drying stoves, or other heating chambers substantially as set
forth.
4th The double regulating of the feed of the fuel firstly by a flap in hopper, and
secondly by stationary or adjustable bridge.
In witness whereof I the said Lichfield Watton Sutcliffe have hereunto set my
Witnesses,
SAMUEL SYKES,
GEO. F. CHUTTEE.
LICHFIELD WATTON SUTCLIFFE.