Improvements in the Construction of Bakers' Ovens.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Oct., 1890-Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Bakers' Ovens.
I, HENRY CHAMPNESS, of South Street, Bishop's Stortford, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This claim relates to certain improvements in the construction of baker's ovens and
the furnaces of saine whereby, instead of, as heretofore, having to rake out the fire
before introducing the batch of bread to be baked, and re-light the same to re-heat the
oven for the next batch of bread, by my invention the fire will remain alight the whole
time, and by suitable stokeing be in thorough heating order to re-heat the oven as
soon as the batch is removed.
This is accomplished by the furnace being cut off from the oven by a suitable
damper or door constructed at the back of furnace, and the products of combustion
being turned into a short vertical flue, connected direct with the main chimney.
Dated this 26th day of September 1890
HENRY CHAMPNESS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Bakers' Ovens.
°
I, HENRY CHAMPNESS South Street Bishop's Stortford Herts, Builder and
Contractor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This claim relates to certain improvements in the construction of baker's ovens, and
the furnaces of same whereby, instead of as hertofore having to allow the fire to die
down or be raked out before introducing the batch of bread to be baked, and re-light
the same to re-heat the oven for succeeding batch, by this invention the fire will
remain alight while the batch is in the oven but cut off from connection with same and
by suitable stokeing be in a condition to re-heat the oven on the removal of the said
batch of bread, thereby effecting a vast saving of time.
The bread being baked by the heated steam retained in the oven is kept free from
all contact with the sulphurous, or other gasses from the fire.
This is accomplished by constructing at back of furnace, i.e. between furnace and
oven a fire proof door or damper (lettered A in drawings herewith) to cut off the
connection between the said furnace and oven during the process of baking, and
causeing the products of combustion to pass by a short vertical flue (lettered B in
drawings herewith) provided with a small damper (lettered C in drawing herewith) of
the ordinary pattern into the main shaft or chimney.
As to the manner of constructing and hanging the said door or damper I propose to
make the door preferably of cast iron, of suitable thickness to resist the heat, and
to perforate the same, by forming two or more cavities or tubes in the thickness
of same.
I cause this door or damper to slide vertically in a cast iron frame so grooved or
otherwise made to receive same, as to allow of the said door to drop sufficiently to be
clear of the opening between furnace and oven during the time the oven is being
heated. By an alternative construction the said door can be opened by raising it
vertically above the opening or if more suitable to the construction of the particular
oven to which it is to be applied it can be made to slide horozontally.
I propose to form an approximate steam tight joint, with this damper by forming
the shutting edge of a V or other section and the corresponding edge of frame of a
counterpart section thereto.

page_text: Where required to work vertically I propose to hang the damper by suitable chain
and sheaves to a counterpoise weight in any convenient position.
The whole, or any part, of these improvements are applicable to any existing oven as
well as in the construction of new ones.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use of a damper or door to shut off the connection between furnace
and oven.
2. The construction of a short secondary flue from furnace direct to main shaft.
3. The perforation longitudinally of said door or damper to resist heat.
4. Formning the shutting edges of door or damper, and frame, of such section as to
exclude all gasses.
5. The application of all or any of these improvements to existing ovens or in the
construction of new ones.
Dated this Twenty-first day of October 1890.
HENRY CHAMPNESS.