Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 8th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 7th May, 1897-Accepted, 12th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIF
TION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
1, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of 28 Rose Grove, Ardwick, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster Mechanician do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres secured to channel felloes in the manner
described and claimed in my Specification of Letters Patent No. 12812 A.D. 1894,
and consists in improvements in the manufacture of the adjustable endless metal
bands disposed in the tubular pockets or edges of the tyre or cover thereof, and of the
tyre itself, the improvements having for their object first to obtain increased
adjustability in the metal bands and second to enable the independent air chamber
generally employed in readily detachable pneumatic tyres to be dispensed with.
In accordance with this invention I form the metal bands of flat links connected
together, as heretofore. The links were of ordinary forms suitable to the purpose.
They were arranged in such a number that when on edge in the felloe the band
gripped the bottom of the channel near to the sides thereof, and when the band was
given a quarter turn transversely there was sufficient clearance space underneath the
band all round as to enable the band to be easily removed from the felloe. I now
form links in a similar manner, to that described in the above referred to specification
but with inclined ends so that increased enlargement and contraction of the band
is obtained and the larger links or portions of the links come closer together when
the band properly adjusted to the size of the felloe is placed on edge.
In order to dispense with an independent air tube or chamber I place a ring of
bard elastic indiarubber round each edge of the tyre in each pocket so that the inside
edge of the metal band rests upon it and externally the pockets of the tyre present
an even edge.
I place an endless band of indiarubber or other suitable material round the bottom
of the channel of the felloe upon which the edges of the tyre rest when the band is
on edge.
The adjustment of the metal band is such that when the tyre is in its normal
position and of normal form the bands bind tightly upon the bed formed by the india-
rubber band or its equivalent and thus prevent the escape of air forced into the
tyre.
A non-return valve for inflating purposes is passed through the felloe and elastic
band in the rim and suitably secured.
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 6, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.

page_text: Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of 44 Albert Road, Alexandra Park, late
of 28 Roso Grove, Ardwick, Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Mechanician,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres secured to channel felloes in the manner
described and claimed in my Specification of Letters Patent No. 12812 A.D. 1894,
and consists in improvements in the manufacture of the adjustable endless metal bands
disposed in the tubular pockets or edges of the tyre or cover thereof, and of the tyre
itself, the improvements having for their object first to obtain increased adjustability
in the metal bands and second to enable the independent air chamber generally
employed in readily detachable pneumatic tyres to be in some cases dispensed with.
In order that my invention may be better understood I have attached hereunto a
sheet of drawings to which I will now refer.
In the said drawings
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal elevation of a part of my improved tyre seated
in the felloe, a.portion of which is removed.
Figures 2 and 3 represent two views of a portion of the metal bands used in this
improved tyre.
Figure 4 represents a cross section of my improved tyre seated in the felloe and
having a separate air chamber.
Figure 5 represents a view in cross section of my improved tyre constructed
without a separate air chamber.
Figure 6 represents a cross section of the improved tyre having the object of
illustrating the way in which the tyre is passed on to and removed from the
felloe.
Like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference in the several views.
Hitherto the metal bands were formed of flat links of ordinary form connected
together. They were arranged in such a number that when on edge in the felloe the
band gripped the bottom of the channel near to the sides thereof, and when the band
was given a quarter turn transversely there was sufficient clearance space underneath
the band all round as to enable the band to be easily removed from the felloe.
Referring now to the drawings, the improved adjustable metal band a is made of
links a Figures 2 and 3 of improved form having inclined ends or end bars a' and
similarly inclined loops a³. The links are preferably made from sheet metal by
stamping out blanks of double the length of the finished link and then folding the
blank round the end bar of one link until one half of the blank lies back upon the
other half as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. The end link is joined to the next one
when an endless band is formed by means of wire or in any other' suitable way. The
bands so formed are disposed in the pockets 62 of the tyre jacket when a separate
air-chamber is employed in the manner described in my previous Specification No. 12812
A.D. 1894. In consequence of the inclined end bars a² and correspondingly inclined
ends a³ the chain is shortened and contracted upon the felloe when placed on edge and
bent to a circle to a greater extent with this arrangement than when made with
square links as described in my said previous specification, and the chain can be
extended when on the flat to a greater extent, whereby the taking off of the tyre is
facilitated.
The second part of my invention refers to the method of making the tyre b
contain air under pressure when seated in the felloe c, without the use of a separate
airtight chamber d. For this purpose in the pockets 61, 63, in the edges of the tyre,

page_text: Figure 5, there is disposed a seating 63, consisting of a ring of indiarubber, and
another ring 6 of hard indiarubber, celluloid or other suitable material so arranged
that the metal band shall rest thereon. Round the felloe c lying in the bottom
thereof there is disposed an endless band of india rubber d. A felloe with parallel
or nearly parallel edges c' as shewn on Figure 6 is preferably used with this form of
tyre in order to obtain the greatest possible contraction of the chain and compression
of the india rubber ring 6. The pockets resting upon the band d¹ are coated with
or made of india rubber.
The adjustment of the metal band is such that when the tyre is in its normal
position and of normal form the bands bind tightly upon the bed formed by the india-
rubber band in the felloe and thus prevent the escape of air forced into the tyre. A
non return valve e for inflating the tyre is passed through the felloe and india rubber
band therein and suitably secured.
Figures 4 and 5 shew the normal position of the tyre or tyres in the felloe.
Figure 6 illustrates the method of applying or removing the tyre to and from the
felloe. This is effected by turning the edge of the tyre at about right angles to its
normal position by which the endless metal band has its shallow side presented to the
felloe and its normal bottom or inside edge sufficiently enlarged to enable first a
portion of the edge of the tyre to be passed over the edge of the felloe and then the
whole.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I.
claim is:
First. In pneumatic tyres the use of endless bands constructed of flat link chain
with inclined ends substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Second. The improvement in forming the links of chains for the purpose of obtaining
longitudinal adjustment in bands formed thereof for securing pneumatic tyres to the
felloes substantially as described hereinbefore and illustrated in the drawings.
Third. The improved construction of pneumatic tyres substantially as described
hereinbefore and illustrated with reference to Figure 5 of the drawing.
Fourth. The construction and arrangement of a pneumatic tyre consisting of an
outer or tread part which is of arch form in cross section having edges formed with
pockets each of which is fitted with an adjusted endless band of flat link chain and an
indiarubber cushion, a bottom formed of a separate endless band of elastic indiarubber
which embraces the bottom of the channel in the felloe and is gripped by the edges
of the outer or tread part, and an inflating and non return valve substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 5 of the drawings.
11
1007
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 6, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.