IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARS AND IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ferdinand August Hermann Donath and Carl
Erdmann Friedrich Jasper, both of Dresden, Saxony, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARS AND IN
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ferdinand August
Hermann Donath and Carl Erdmann Friedrich Jasper at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 3rd
February 1878.
We, FERDINAND AUGUST HERMANN DONATH and CARL ERDMANN
FRIEDRICH JASPER, both of Dresden, Saxony, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTUre of
CIGARS AND IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention relates to a filler making machine.
In this machine the tobacco from which the fillers are to be made is
placed in a tin trough and thence gradually conveyed into a fixed
channel in which it is fed towards a cutter by means of a reciprocating
feed block acting from the top. This feed block at cach stroke delivers

page_text: to the cutter the quantity of tobacco necessary for one filler which may
be regulated according to the size of filler required.
The cut-off tobacco first drops on two movable hinged gates which
keep the same together in a bunch; it is then gradually conveyed down-
wards into a strap and with the same into the recess of a moveable
rolling board to which the strap is fixed at the ends.
The cutter having ascended and the gates being closed by means of
springs a bar placed under the said strap and attached to appropriate
mechanism now moves forward, envelopes the tobacco, by the straps lifts
it in its rear out of the recess of the board, and continues rolling it until:
it clears the forward edge of the board. The board itself at the same
time moves backward. Before the rolling operation commences the
attendant must have placed the binder on the strap before the bunch of
tobacco, so that whilst this is being twisted around by the strap it is
rolled into the binder; at the moment that the rolling bar leaves the
forward edge of the board the finished filler drops into the hand of the
attendant.
The second part of our Invention relates to a method of moulding the
points of the cigar fillers made by the above machine or otherwise and
apparatus to be applied for this purpose. One end of the filler is
introduced into a recess between two dics of metal or other suitable
material heated to a certain extent. The said recess corresponds to the
shape to be given to the cigar point. The heated dies are then closed
and the filler cud by these means compressed, so that it assumes, and by
means of the heat applied retains, the desired shape. The moulding
parts of the aforesaid dies move one inside the other. One die is moved
between guides by means of a hand lever and both are heated in a
suitable manner.
Erdmann Friedrich Jasper in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, FERDINAND
AUGUST HERMANN DONATH and CARL ERDMANN FRIEDRICH JASPER,
both of Dresden, Saxony, send greeting.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, FERDINAND
AUGUST HERMANN DONATH and CARL ERDMANN FRIEDRICH JASPER,
both of Dresden, Saxony, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Hor heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Ferdinand August Hermann Donath
and Carl Erdmann Friedrich Jasper, Her special licence that we,
the said Ferd. Aug. Herm. Donath and Carl Erdm. Friedr. Jasper,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as wc,
the said Ferd. Aug. Herm. Donath and Carl Erdm. Friedr. Jasper,
our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARS AND OF MACHINES
ADAPTED FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Ferd. Aug. Herm. Donath and Carl Erdm.
Friedr. Jasper, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Ferd. Aug. Herm. Donath
and Carl Erdm. Friedr. Jasper, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings forming
a part of this Specification :-
This Invention relates to the making of the bunch or filler of the
cigar by an improved machine, and to the moulding of the point (or
head) of the filler by a press adapted to the purpose.
The first part of the Invention, i.e., the filler making machine is
represented in the Drawing in the Figures 1-7; the same represent the
machine as follows:-Fig. 1, side view; Fig. 2, longitudinal section;
Fig. 3, cnd view side of cutter; Fig. 4, end view side of feeding
apparatus; Fig. 5, rolling board, etc., with filler introduced; Fig. 6, tho

page_text: same, the filler being lifted out of the recess of the board; Fig. 7, the
same, the finished filler being delivered from the machine.
The filler making machine has to complete three different operations,—
1. A regular feeding of the filling tobacco to the cutter. This is
executed by the feeding apparatus (letter A, II,).
2. An accurate cutting off of equal quantities of tobacco and tho
introducing of the same into the rolling apparatus (letters K, L, M,
N, O,).
3. Rolling the filler into the binder.
These different operations are executed as follows:-The feed block D:
is lifted by means of the cam D' slightly above the filling tobacco, and
is then moved backward together with the rack E. The extent of this
motion determines the size of the filler and is to be regulated at F.
Thereupon the feed block D is lowered down upon the filling tobacco in
the gutter C, scizes hold of the same by means of its teeth or claws G
and the corrugations II, and now moves forward together with the con-
nection F and the rack E. The latter, by means of a pall catching into
the teeth of the same propels forward the tin-feeding trough A, out of
which the tobacco is subsequently pushed into the gutter C. Whilst
the tobacco is contained in the trough A it is pressed down by a
weighted cover B so as to cause the same to enter as a compact mass
into the gutter C and under the feed block D.
The tobacco being cut off by the knife K at first falls on hinged
gates L, which have the purpose to keep the same together in a compact
body until it be duly delivered into the rolling strap M.
N is a transverse piece of the frame on which the rolling board ○ is
moved forward and backward in a slide rest guide by means of the
cam Pin connection with the lever Q. To regulate the stroke of the
rolling board so as to be able to make cigars of any desired thickness, it
is necessary to adjust the lever Q and to lengthen or shorten the con-
necting rod R for which an arrangement is provided at S. At tho
moment in which the rolling board is pushed forward to the end of its
stroke the rolling bar T is in the position as shown in Fig. 5. At
this point the tobacco has been cut off and guided into the rolling strap
and into the recess of the board by the gates L which have been
gradually opened by an appropriate mechanism.

page_text: After the cutter has ascended and the gates have closed (by means of
springs not shown in the Drawing), the rolling bar T moves forward,
draws the strap tight round the filler, and lifts it out of the recess of the
rolling board, as shown in Fig. 6. At the same time the workman
must have placed the binder on the strap near to the recess of the board.
The latter now receding, the binder is rolled around the filler by the
motion of the strap, and having come into the position shown in Fig. 7,
tho finished filler is dropped into the hand of the workman. The
rolling bar T is moved by the lever U and the cam V. To regulate the
width of the feeding gutter C, Fig. 4, for differnt lengths of cigars
(about four sorts), the sides of the same have to be lined with ledges of
wood or other material of proportionate thickness fixed on by screws,
and the feed block D has to be changed for a narrower one. By the
completely closed feeding apparatus and by the arrangement provided
for casily adjusting the amount of feed it is possible to make the fillers
of any required thickness, and by altering the width of the gutter C tho
length of the same is to be determined according to desire.
Although repeated attempts have been made to apply machines to the
manufacturo of cigars, they have as yet never fully accomplished their
object, as none of them have been able to give an equivalent for the
sense of feeling in the hand of the workman, so that a too great per-
centage of cigars was found cither too thin or too thick or otherwiso
deficient. It was also only possible to use large pieces of tobacco leaves
for wrappers, whilst in our machine even two or three small picces may
be used with advantage. According to the experience gained up to the
present time with our filler machines we are in the position to assert; that
any person however unpractised can with aid of the machine and after
the first trial, make fillers better and more accurate than it is possible to
make them by hand, and besides no risk of damage is incurred to the
fingers, a circumstance which constitutes a great advantage in com-
parison with other machines of the kind.
The second part of our Invention relates to a process for moulding
the points or heads of the fillers and an apparatus for the purpose.
For giving the filler its complete shape, recently wood moulds have
been extensively applied, but it having been found that the wood has a
deteriorating influence on the flavour of the tobacco we prefer to finish
the machine made fillers of superior qualities of tobacco by hand, and
only to shape the points or heads by a press consisting of a pair of dies

page_text: of metal or other suitable material having a recess corresponding to the
shape of the cigar point. In the application of these dies it is essential
that they be heated to a certain degrec, so as to cause the filler point
to retain its shape after leaving the mould. The apparatus to be
used for this purpose is shown in Figures 8-12. On the same is
represented in Fig. 8 a longitudinal section with closed dies; Fig. 9,
a transverse section; Fig. 10, a section of the dies opened; Fig. 11,
a view of the moveable die from the side of the mould; Fig. 12, a top
view of the dies opened. a is a hand lever by means of which and the
connecting rod the die c can be moved between the guides e; and e, d,
is the fixed dic; f, a stop for the lever a.
The moulding part of the one die is made to project according to thic
outline of the mould itself, so that the latter terminates in a sharp edgo
all around. This projection fits closely into a recess of the other die
terminating in the other half of the mould. When the dies are open
the loose end of the filler may casily be introduced, the dies then being
closed by means of the hand lever a, the filler end is pressed together
and the dies being heated by a spirit lamp (as shown in the Drawing)
or other suitable means, the pressed point will retain its shape and
thereby ensure the accurate finish of the cigar by hand.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention for
"Improvements in the Manufacture of Cigars and of Machines adapted
for such Manufacture," together with the manner in which the same is
to be or may be carried into practical effect, we would remark in
conclusion that we claim as novel,―
First. A filler making machine containing a fixed gutter or channel,
closed bottom and sides, in which the filling tabacco is propelled forward
by means of a reciprocating feed block fitting into the gutter or channel
from the top, which feed block at cach stroko delivers the tobacco for
one filler to the cutter, and in a quantity adjustable, according to the
thickness of filler desired in general, as described in the foregoing.
Second. A filler making machine containing an arrangement con-
sisting in two gates placed under the cutter for the purpose of holding
the cut off tobacco leaves together in a bunch, and to prevent them
from becoming detached from cach other until they are fairly introduced
into the rolling straps, as described above.
Third. A filler making machine containing a rolling apparatus
consisting of a moveable rolling board combined with an also moveable

page_text: FERDINAND AUGUST HERMANN DONATH. (L.S.)
CARL ERDMANN FRIEDRICH JASPER.
(L.S.)