IMPROVEMENTS IN BRICKMAKING MACHINERY OR APPARATUS"
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Dalton of the Soho Foundry Leeds in the
County of York for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRICKMAKING
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Dalton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th July 1882.
GEORGE DALTON of the Soho Foundry Leeds in the,County of York ." IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BRICKMAKING MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
19
My Invention relating to improvements in brick-making machinery or apparatus
consists especially in the use of a toggle lever arrangement for pressing the clay.
or materials into the forms required so as to obtain a compact and homogenous
mass.
For this purpose I may cause an ordinary pug mill or apparatus to intermittently
feed or charge suitably formed recesses in a revolving barrel or reciprocating plate,
the said recesses varying in size and configuration according to the nature and
dimensions of the brick to be manufactured. The aforesaid recessed revolving
barrel or reciprocating plate is connected with suitable gearing so as to revolve or
slide under a vertically or conveniently reciprocating presser or stamp worked by
a toggle joint lever operated in any convenient manner, similar to the principle
incorporated in the now well known "Marsden Stone Crushing Machine.”
I further may provide the said revolving barrel or reciprocating plate with a
suitable stop motion and gearing, so that only the proper and required motion may
be imparted thereto in order to insure the said recesses formed therein and charged.
with the material to be compressed being brought directly under or in the working
plane of the aforesaid toggle press or stamp.
This press or stamping apparatus is driven by any known arrangement of
gearing according to convenience or requirements, while the pug mill and revolving
barrel or reciprocating plate may also be connected with such gearing, so that one
source of motion may serve to drive or work the whole machine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Dalton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th January
1888.
GEORGE DALTON of the Soho Foundry Leeds in the County of York
MENTS IN BRICKMAKING MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
"
IMPROVE-
My said Invention relates to Improvements in brick-making machinery or
apparatus and consists in the adaptation thereto of an arrangement of toggle lever
or levers for effecting the more efficient compression of the earths clays or plastic
materials into moulds or recesses for forming good homogeneous bricks or like
articles to be produced by pressure in moulds or recesses.
In carrying my said Invention into effect I may employ any ordinary pug mill
or apparatus for intermittently feeding or charging the aforesaid moulds or recesses
which may be arranged or provided in the periphery of an intermittently revolving
drum or barrel or on the face of a reciprocating plate in any known or convenient
manner, the said moulds or recesses formed therein varying in size proportions and
configuration according to the nature or dimensions of the brick or like article to
be manufactured under the pressure applied by the aforesaid means.
The said revolving drum or reciprocating plate provided with the moulding
recesses is so connected with suitable gearing as to revolve or reciprocate under
reciprocating stamps or pressers (moving at right angles thereto) and receiving its
motion for applying the requisite pressure from a toggle-jointed lever or levers
operated by a crank or cam fixed on a motion shaft through the intervention of a
connecting rod or other equivalent devices similar to the system of operation of
the toggle lever or levers in what is known as the "Marsden Stone-breaking or
crushing machinery."
The said revolving drum or reciprocating plate is provided with a suitable stop
motion and gearing so that only a sufficient motion may be intermittently imparted
thereto in order to insure the charged recesses or moulds formed therein being
brought directly under or in the same working plane as the aforesaid toggle lever
operated press or stamp.
The said pressing or stamping apparatus above described is driven by any
convenient or suitable arrangement of gearing whilst the pug mill and revolving
drum or reciprocating plate may be connected so as to utilise the same source and
transmission of power.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figures 1 and 2 represent a side elevation and front view respectively of a
brickmaking pressing or stamping machine constructed or arranged to be operated
according to my said Invention.
A, represents the toggle lever arrangement which is caused to exert the pressure
for compressing the materials into the moulds. The said toggle lever arrangement
consists of two toggles arms or levers A², and A², the upper end of the toggle arm
or lever A¹ working within a fixed grooved piece a, whilst the lower end of the
latter A³ is free to depress the stamps B, B', when the said levers are moved into
or about the same line by the connecting rod D operated by the crank C of the
shaft E.
In the drawings the toggles arms or levers are shown in their outward or forward
position and thus the stamps or pressers are raised clear of the barrel or drum H
(provided with the recesses or moulds J) by means of the spring b. When how-
ever the arms or levers A' A* are moved into or about the same vertical plane
they cause the pressers or stamps B, B¹ to descend into the said moulds J
containing the materials to be operated upon so as to exert the requisite pressure
thereon. In the drawing two stamps or pressers B B' are represented as being

page_text: simultaneously operated but it will be readily understood that by providing a
separate set of toggles, arins or levers to each stamp or presser one only or any
convenient number of such stamps or pressers might be arranged to operate at the
same time and likewise although I have shewn a revolving moulding drum, a
reciprocating moulding plate as hereinbefore referred to might be conveniently
substituted therefor.
The amount of angular movement of the said toggle arms or levers and the
consequent thrust of the stamps or pressers B, B' will depend upon the throw of
the crank or eccentric C, operating the same, which must be predetermined according
to the degree of compression to which the materials in the moulds are to be
subjected.
When the toggle-arms or levers A¹ A' and stamps or pressers B, B¹ have made
their downward stroke and exerted their pressure upon the materials in the
moulds J the return stroke of the said stamps or pressers is effected by a strong
spring b connected with the slides b, b¹ of the said stamps or pressers, B, B¹ as
before mentioned.
In the arrangement illustrated in the drawings I have shewn the revolving
moulding drum H as being fed or charged with the clay or materials to be formed
into bricks or other articles by a pug mill and propeller, K, receiving their supply
through the hopper, k, in connection therewith.
The necessary definite intermittent rotary motion of the said drum, H, is imparted
and controlled by the pulley, I, and stud, i, in connection therewith and engaging
with the stop motion, h.
•
It will be readily understood that the size and form of the moulds or recesses. J
provided in the face of the drum or plate may be varied according to the dimensions
or configuration of the brick or other article to be manufactured.
The spur pinion, G, represents the prime source of motion which is shewn in gear
with the spur wheel F fixed on the shaft, E, actuating the said toggle levers and
stamps. From this shaft the motion for driving the moulding drum H- -may be
derived through the intervention of the pulleys e and I or other suitable devices.
Similarly the pug mill and propeller K may derive its motion from the shaft, g, by
a strap pulley and gearing L, L, as represented in the drawing so that all the moving
parts of the machine may be actuated from one source of power. Though I have
shewn and described my said Invention as applied to and working in a vertical
altitude, it is obvious that it might if desired be arranged to work in an oblique or
horizontal plane.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the means described and
shewn for operating the parts of the machine as they may be varied without
departing from the nature of my Invention.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part
recited Letters Patent is:
-
The Improvements in brick-making machinery or apparatus consisting in the
employment therewith of a toggle lever or toggle levers for operating the stamp or
presser or stamps or pressers substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In witness whereof I the said George Dalton have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal this twelfth day of January One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three