Projectiles Strike an Object.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1887
Complete Left, 30th Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 22nd June, 1888
Projectiles Strike an Object.
I, ALFRED HARRISON of the Parish of King Stanley in the County of Gloucester,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a new or improved target or gauge, for determining or
measuring, and comparing the force with which different projectiles strike an object
fired from a gun, rifle, pistol or other fire arm.
My invention consists essentially of a movable disc, disposed vertically, and carried
and supported by a bar or rod, directed horizontally from the middle of its back
face; and which said bar or rod is supported upon anti-friction sheave like rollers,
arranged at suitable distances apart, from the two ends of the bar, which support and
guide the said bar in its to and fro motion.
These rollers are supported in suitable bearings carried by the fixed framing of the
target, which consists of horizontal and vertical bars or uprights, braced together in
any suitable manner.
The horizontal bar which carries the disc at its front as aforesaid, is reduced in
diameter at its rear end, and around which reduced part, a coiled spring encircles,
and with its free ends abuting respectively against a shoulder formed at the junction
of the reduced part, with the enlarged part, and the inside face of a bracket bearing,
through which the said reduced end passes.
A stop collar limits the exact position of the disc with respect to the carrying
framing.
Connected to the rear end of the reduced part of the bar, a weight is suspended by
means of a cord, chain or the like, which passes over a sheave pulley, supported by
the fixed framing. This weight is designed as a provision to overcome the initial
friction and inertia of the moving parts of the target; so that the impact only of the
projectile force of a missile is measured. Thus, on the target being struck on the
front side of the vertically disposed disc, it retreats rearwards in a horizontal
direction.

page_text: Directed vertically upwards, and disposed at a short distance from the back face of
the disc, and between the two pairs of friction rollers, I arrange a multiplying lever,
jointed near its lower end, and with its fulerum supported and carried by the fixed
framing of the target, thus making a long and short arm, of which the latter is
forked, and with the prongs thereof embracing a stud or pin carried by the bar, while
the point of the other or long end, traverses a graduated scale, with a radially cut
slot made therein, and wherein a scale pointer moves, on the forward movement of
the long arm.
This scale pointer is provided with a retaining spring, to make it always take a
dead stop, or make it always take a distance which the end of the long arm
traverses; and from which scale pointer, the decimals or other markings upon the
dial are read off.
The graduations on the scale are set out, by attaching dead weights of a known
standard, to the cord fixed to the horizontal bar, and from which cord, the weight
for overcoming friction is suspended.
On the target being fired at, and struck by a missile, the force of impact drives
the disc rearwards, and with it, the bar at its back, which compresses the coiled
spring interposed between the shoulder, and the back end of the bracket, and also
turns through the intervention of the pin or slot, the multiplying lever upon its
fulcrum, so as to make the long arm traverse the dial to the extent of the force of
impact, and which arm in its forward motion, presses the scale pointer before it, which
is left quiescent, pointing to the scale, while the other parts resume their normal
conditions, as the force of impact is only momentary.
1..1.. 1007

page_text: An Improved Device for Testing the Force with which Different
Projectiles Strike an Object.
I, ALFRED HARRISON of the Parish of King Stanley in the County of Gloucester,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention consists of a new or improved target or gauge, for determining or
measuring, and comparing the force with which different projectiles strike an object,
fired from a gun, rifle, pistol or other fire-arm.
My invention consists essentially of a movable disc, disposed vertically, and carried
and supported by a bar or rod, directed horizontally from the middle of its back face;
and which said bar or rod, is supported upon anti-friction sheave like rollers, arranged
at suitable distances apart, from the two ends of the bar, which support and guide the
said bar in its to and fro motion.
These rollers are supported in suitable bearings, carried by the fixed framing of
the target, which consists of horizontal and vertical bars or uprights, braced together
in any suitable manner.
The horizontal bar, which carries the disc at its front as aforesaid, is reduced in diameter
at its rear end, and around which reduced part, a coiled spring encircles, and with its free
ends abutting respectively against a shoulder, formed at the junction of the reduced
part with the enlarged part, and the inside face of a bracket bearing, through which,
the said reduced end passes.
A stop collar limits the exact position of the disc, with respect to the carrying
framing.
Connected to the rear end of the reduced part, of the bar, a weight is suspended,
by means of a cord, chain or the like, which passes over a sheave pulley, supported by
the fixed framing. This weight is designed as a provision to overcome the initial
friction and inertia of the moving parts of the target, so that the impact only of the
projectile force of a missile, is measured. Thus, on the target being struck on
the front side of the vertically disposed disc, it retreats rearwards in a horizontal
direction.
Directed vertically upwards, and disposed at a short distance from the back face of
the disc, and between the two pairs of friction rollers, I arrange a multiplying lever,
jointed near its lower end, and with its fulcrum supported and carried by the fixed
framing of the target, thus making a long and short arm, of which the latter is forked,
and with the prongs thereof embracing a stud or pin, carried by the bar, while the
point of the other or long end, traverses a graduated scale, with a radially cut slot
made therein, and wherein a scale pointer moves, on the forward movement of the
long arm.
This scale pointer, is provided with a retaining spring, to make it always take a
dead stop, or make it only take a distance which the end of the long arm traverses ;

page_text: and from which scale pointer, the decimals or other markings upon the dial are
read off.
The graduations on the scale are set out, by attaching dead weights of a known
standard to the cord fixed to the horizontal bar, and from which cord, the weight for
overcoming friction, is suspended.
On the target being fired at, and struck by a missile, the force of impact drives the
disc rearwards, and with it the bar at its back, which compresses the coiled spring
interposed between the shoulder, and the back end of the bracket, and also turns
through the intervention of the pin or slot, the multiplying lever upon its fulcrum,
so as to make the long arm traverse the dial to the extent of the force of impact; and
which arm in its forward motion, presses the scale pointer before it, which is left
quiescent pointing to the scale, while the other parts resume their normal conditions,
as the force of impact is only momentary.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents partly in side elevation, and partly in longitudinal vertical
section, an apparatus or target, for determining and recording the force with which a
projectile or missile, discharged from a fire arm, strikes an object.
Figure 2 represents a back elevation of the same, and figure 3 represents a
transverse section of figure 1, upon the dotted lines A B.
Figure 4 represents an enlarged view of a portion of the graduated scale. Figure 5
represents a transverse vertical section on the dotted lines CD figure 4, showing the
means, whereby the scale pointer, is made to take a dead stop, on the lever retiring
or ceasing to move.
The same letters of reference, indicate corresponding parts, in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is a movable, and vertically disposed disc, having directed from its middle,
horizontally, a supporting and guiding bar or rod a², which is supported and runs
between sheave like anti-friction rollers b, arranged at suitable distances apart, and
supported by upright framing bars c², carried by the principal frame c.
The rear a³, of the bar a², is reduced in diameter, and around which a coiled
spring d, encircles, with its ends abutting against the shoulder a*, formed at the
junction of the reduced part, with the enlarged part, and the inside c³, of a bracket
bearing , as best scen in figure 2.
a is a stop collar at the end of the bar a², and e is a flexible cord or chain, passing
over the pulley, working within bearings carried by the framing e, and suspended
from the end of the said flexible cord or chain e, is a counterpoise weight or
weights g, g', which is or are designed to overcome the initial friction and inertia of
the moving parts of the target; so that the impact force only of a missile, is
determined and recorded.
h is a lever or pointer, fulcrumed at 2, and with a short arm h³ forked, which takes
upon, and embraces a fixed pin or stud a, carried upon the side of the bar a²; so
that on the disc a of the target or force measurer being struck by a missile, it retreats
rearwardly, and causes the said lever to turn upon its fulcrum, and make its point end
traverse the graduated scale i, which has a quadrant slot, cut within it, wherein a
scale pointer, is moved. This scale pointer is provided with a retaining spring at
its back, for making the said scale pointer, make a dead stop, on the multiplying
lever or pointer arm h, ceasing to move.
Thus, on a shot or other missile or missiles, striking the disc a, it retires, to a
distance equal to the force of impact, and which rear action, carries with it, its guiding
and supporting rod a², and by such reaction, the spring d is compressed, the
counterpoise weights g, g', are lowered, and the multiplying lever or arm is turned
upon its fulcrum 2, by the back movement made by the stud a', which thereby
causes the end of the long arm of the said multiplying lever, to press forward the
scale pointer, which points to the decimals or other markings upon the scale, which
are thus read off and indicate the projectile force with which the target, or force
ineasuring appliance was struck.

page_text: On the force of impact having expended itself, the disc h, multiplying lever h³, and
parts carried by the bar a², resume their normal positions, as in figure 1, but leaving
the scale pointer j in a position to which the end of the pointer arm has carried it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. An apparatus or target, for determining and recording the projectile force,
with which shot or other missiles, strike an object; consisting of a disc or plate,
mounted upon one end of a rearwardly directed and counterpoised bar or rod, encircled
or influenced by a spring, and supported upon, or running between anti-friction rollers,
carried by a fixed framing, and with the force of impact indicated by a finger or
pointer, worked from the bar; and which said apparatus or target, and the indicating
parts thereof, are constructed, arranged, and work, substantially in the manner, and
for the purpose, as described and set forth.
Secondly. The means herein described and set forth, for determining and recording
the projectile force, with which shot or other missiles, strike an object, as set forth.
Thirdly. The combination with a balanced or other projectile force recorder, of a
multiplying arm or lever, worked from the bar of the apparatus, substantially as
set forth.
Fourthly. In a scale pointer j, with spring k, whereby the said pointer, is made
to take a dead stop, on the arm or lever propelling it, ceasing to move, as set forth.
Lastly. The combination with a projectile force determining apparatus or target,
of a scale recorder, or indicator, as set forth.
Dated this Twenty-sighth day of April 1888