Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 18th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 6th Apr., 1888
We GEORGE WILLIAM NEWALL of 14 First Avenue, Manor Park, in the County of
Essex, Engineer, and JAMES FREDERICK BLYTH of 9 Oriel Villas, Newlands Park,
Sydenham, in the County of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
These improvements have for their object improvements in steam or other motive
power engines and in apparatus for use in raising forcing or exhausting water air or
other fluids.
In carrying out our invention we employ a hollow crank or eccentric provided
with inlet and outlet ports or recesses arranged in connection with corresponding ports
or recesses in the pistons for distributing and conveying the fluid and an inner piston
or reciprocating part fitting and working within a piston fitted within an outer
cylinder the one piston working substantially at right angles to the other piston.
Thus the outer cylinder is fitted by a piston working longitudinally in same; this
piston contains a second piston working at right angles to the axis of the former
piston, both pistons are operated by, or operate (as the case may be), a hollow ported
crank or hollow ported eccentric, which hollow crank or eccentric has suitable inlet
and outlet ports or recesses for conveying or distributing the fluid.
When to be used as a pump the apparatus is modified by the application of ordinary
inlet and outlet valves fitted to the body of cylinder or otherwise.
Arranged as a steam motor engine the ordinary slide valves and ports are fitted and
formed and applied in the cylinder and may be operated by ordinary eccentrics and
link motion. The cylinder may be fixed horizontally, vertically or made to rotate
round the crank or eccentric shaft, in which case the crank or eccentric shaft would
be fixed or remain stationary. The crank or eccentric shaft is formed hollow to
convey the fluid to and from the motor or engine. The motor may be made double
acting only by dispensing with the smaller piston, or that piston working at right
angles to the axis of the longitudinal piston and employing a sliding part in which
case the smaller piston would be replaced by brasses fitted to the same crank or
eccentric shaft and sliding therein:
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicants,

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam or other Motor Engines and Pumps.
We GEORGE WILLIAM NEWALL of 14 First Avenue, Manor Park in the County of
Essex, Engineer, and JAMES FREDERICK BLYTH of 9 Oriel Villas, Newlands Park,
Sydenham in the County of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
These improvements have for their object in steam or other motive power engines
and in apparatus for use in raising forcing or exhausting water, air or other fluids to
develop the greatest power with the highest economy in as small space as possible.
In carrying out our invention we employ a hollow crank or eccentric provided with
inlet and outlet ports or recesses arranged in connection with corresponding ports or
recesses in circular pistons for distributing and conveying the fluid and an inner
circular piston or circular reciprocating part fitting and working within a circular
piston fitted within an outer circular cylinder; the one circular piston working
substantially at right angles to the other like circular piston.
Thus the outer circular cylinder is fitted by the circular piston working longi-
tudinally in same; this circular piston contains a second like piston working at right
angles to the axis of the former piston, both pistons are operated by or operate (as
the case may be) a hollow ported crank or hollow ported eccentric, which hollow
crank or eccentric has suitable inlet and outlet ports or recesses for conveying or
distributing the fluid.
When to be used as a pump the apparatus may if so desired be modified by the
application of ordinary inlet and outlet valves fitted to the body of cylinder or other-
wise but as shewn such valves are not requisite.
Arranged as a steam motor engine the ordinary slide valves and ports are fitted
and formed and applied in the cylinder and may be operated by ordinary eccentrics
and link motion as hereafter more fully described. The cylinder may be fixed
horizontally, vertically or made to rotate round the crank or eccentric shaft, in which
case the crank or eccentric shaft would be fixed or remain stationary. The crank or
eccentric shaft may be formed hollow to convey the fluid to and from the motor or
engine or the crank may be solid and the circular piston applied thereon as hereafter
more fully set forth.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a longitudinal vertical section of an engine constructed according to

page_text: The drawings represent a triple expansion engine in which the cylinder a is shewn
in one piece and within this cylinder a is a circular piston b working longitudinally
therein and again within this piston b is another piston c working at right angles to
the piston b. 2 being spring packing pieces. d'is the high pressure cylinder which
consists of a sleeve or pipe piece d¹ cast on each side of the large or low pressure
piston b, (Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 15) working longitudinally in the cylinder a. Suitable
projections el el are cast on the cylinder covers ee which become the high pressure
piston, the sleeve or cylinder d sliding and working along same, e² e² are recesses
containing spring packing rings suitable for keeping these parts fluid tight.
c is the second or intermediate circular piston working at right angles to the large
circular piston 6 and this also is fitted with spring packing rings c¹ c'; the large
piston benclosing the second piston c becoming a cylinder itself.
The annular space between the sleeve or cylinder d and the body of the cylinder a
forms the low pressure cylinder.
In an engine constructed according to the foregoing description three pistons or
surfaces e¹, c, b, may be arranged and working within one containing cylinder a.
The intermediate piston c is bored out to accomodate a crank shaft or hollow
eccentric g having three partitions g¹, g², g³ (Figures 4 to 14) forming four spaces
and steam ports 9, 9, 9, 97, 98 cast in suitable positions for distributing the fluid to
the various parts of the machine. The forms and positions relatively of the inlet and
outlet ports adapted to various engines will readily be ascertainable by modelling in
the usual manner. Each of the circular pistons or surfaces b, c and e¹ have ports cast
in them, which ports when passing in line respectively with the ports provided in the
cranked part g, become the inlets and outlets for the fluid.
In the drawings the inlet h¹ (Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6) for admission of fluid is shewn
as being formed through the crank shaft of the crank g whence it is conducted into
the cylinder d and to the circular cylinders and a and the exhaust is led away from
the holes i, i (Figures 2 and 3) in the main bearing, but in place of this arrangement
the fluid may be supplied by an inlet a¹ (Figures 3 and 15) through the side of the
cylinder a.
Or instead of the foregoing, the fluid may be admitted through the side of the
cylinder a at a¹ (Figure 15) and into the space a passing into the space c², and
through the inlet 9ª (Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 15) into the space g³ (Figures 9,
10, 13 and 15) and the exhaust may be formed through the side of the cylinder as
indicated at a³ in Figure 15.
The crank shaft or hollow eccentric g may be formed with parallel peripherical
surface or it may be formed slightly conical so that by suitable adjustment com-
pensation may be made for wear and tear between the exterior parts of hollow
eccentric g and the inner surface of the circular piston c.
In place of employing the crank shaft or hollow eccentric g as shewn, an ordinary
throw crank shaft m (Figures 16 19 and 22) may be used, in which case the crank
pinn (Figures 16 and 19) is fitted with adjustable. brasses n¹ and the cylinder ends
are cored out as shown in Figures 16 and 19 with ordinary steam ports p and piston
or other slide valves p¹ of ordinary character are fitted to be worked by one or more
eccentrics p³ and p₁ and the engine or machine may be reversible.
The main bearings k may also be made adjustable by fitting the brasses k¹ in two
halves and boring out the same slightly conical and fitted with adjusting gland and
screws or the bushes may be screw threaded and screw into the bearing so as
thereby to compensate for the wear and tear but we make no claim to this arrangement
in itself.
The operation of the machine is as follows:
Steam is led into the machine so as to enter the hollow shaft (Figures 2, 3, 4, 5
and 6) or casing as the case may be wherein are formed the inlet holes h¹ Figures 3,
4, 5 and 6 to the hollow crank shaft, h the fluid then passes into the compartment or
first steam port g. When the port 9 in this compartiment is in line and open to the
similar ports and d Figures 2, 7 and 8 in the intermediate piston c and high
pressure cylinder d the fluid is free to enter and exert its force alternately on one and

page_text: then the other of the fixed high pressure pistons e' formed or applied on the cylinder
covers e, and as the sleeve or cylinder d is now forced along the high pressure piston e¹
the crank is turned away from the inlet ports c and d thereby cutting off the inlet
pressure at any required position of the piston stroke.
9
After the steam has done its work in the high pressure cylinder d the fluid then
passes back through the ports d' and es into the compartments go and g' of the crank
and from thence through the port c, e into the compartment or intermediate cylinder b
Figures 1, 3, 15 again, when the steam or fluid has done its work in the cylinder bl
it passes on through the port c, ct Figures 3, 7, 8, 15 into the compartment gt of the
crank and from thence through the ports et into the port flinable with same into
the annular space f Figures 1 and 2 around the sleeve or pipe piece d into the low
pressure cylinder a where the pressure forces the piston 6 to the end of its stroke.
On the return stroke of this piston b another and similar port 68 cast in the low
pressure piston b comes in line with the port e in the piston c and then passes into
the compartment and port 8 in the crank shaft g. and the fluid or spent steam is free
to pass away to the condenser through the holes g10 and then through the recesses i, i
in the main bearings or otherwise (Figures 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 14 and 15). x, x is a fly
wheel and ya crank from which motion may be transmitted. At each revolution of
the crank shaft the above operation comes into play twice over, once at each end of
the cylinder. The drawings represent a double acting Triple Expansion Engine
having only 3 moving parts six pistons and six cylinders all contained and working
in one cylinder as described. Each and every cylinder and piston may be lagged if
preferred and the crank shaft may have spring packing rings g" (Figures 9 and 10)
fitted between each compartment.
The above description has so far treated only of those machines constructed on the
Triple Expansion principle, but an ordinary compound Engine may be constructed by
dispensing with the projections d, d on the larger pistons b, 6 when the smaller or
intermediate pistons c become the high pressure pistons as shewn in Figures 16, 19,
and 22.
Figure 22 represents the arrangement for conveying the steam to the various parts
of the machine when using an ordinary crank shaft and may be described thus:-
s is an ordinary stop valve s' conveys the steam from the boiler to the slide valves pl
(Figures 16. 22). These control the inlet and outlet of the steam through the ports p
to and from the high pressure piston c.
When the steam has done its work in the
high pressure cylinder Figure 16, the steam passes through the slide valve p¹ by
way of the pipe s2 into similar slide valves p2 Figures 19. 22. which again control the
inlet and outlet of steam to and from the low pressure piston (Figures 16. 19.) after
the steam has done its work in the low pressure cylinder the valves p² open and convey
the spent steam through the pipes sa 3 into the exhaust pipes s Figure 22.
b
Figures 17, 18, 20 and 21 show the mode of working the slide valves, Figures 18
and 21 being sections through the slide valves p' and p², but in itself we make no
claim to this arrangement of the valves.
g
When constructing a compound engine with the saine form of crank shaft g
(Figures 7 to 14) as described in the Triple Expansion Engine the crank shaft then
will only contain three compartments with the necessary inlet and outlet ports as
already described.
The improved engine may be constructed to work as a Water Meter by casting
suitable ports w¹, w in crank shaft as shewn in Figures 23, 24, 25 and 26 and by
dividing the crank shaft w longitudinally by a partition so that the fluid to be
measured may enter on one side of the crank and be free to enter the various ports at
each revolution while the opposite ports become the outlets from the corresponding
and similar ports. When the machine is used as a water meter suitable cup and
hydraulic pump leathers are used for packing the larger piston 6 and smaller piston c
the spindle or shaft of the crank of the water meter is then attached to an ordinary
and set dial or indicator. No valves are required in this arrangement.
The above arrangement is also adaptable as an Air or Gas compressor pump or
exhauster the circular pistons being arranged the same as in the modification

page_text: Figures 23, 24, 25 & 26 the crank shaft or hollow eccentric is similar to the above
while as in the Water Meter no valves are required for compressing or exhausting
purposes as the crank shaft, in each and every revolution opens to free inlet while the
opposite ports are free discharge or outlets to the machine.
The arrangements as already described and shewn by the drawings have pistons of
various dimensions.
The foregoing arrangements may be also modified for use as a Hydraulic Engine or
machine worked by high liquid pressure and is in the general arrangement substantially
the same as a modification of the foregoing adapted for a Water Meter.
The cylinder a is shown in one piece and the larger piston b in two halves 6x, 6××,
and bolted together by bolts 1, 1, Figures 1, 3, and 15, as shown also the smaller
piston c is in one piece for the arrangements of the character shewn by Figures 1, 2,
3, 7, 8, and 15 and in two parts for the arrangement shewn by Figures 16 and 19 but
this may be varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
In a motive power engine or pump driven by steam or other fluid.
1. A crank shaft or eccentric part formed with inlet and outlet ports operating with
an inner circular piston and an outer circular piston having corresponding ports said
inner piston and outer piston being contained and working one within and at right
angles to the other and all within one outer circular cylinder substantially as set
forth.
2. A crank or eccentric shaft 9 provided with ports for passage of fluid, rotating
within a correspondingly ported circular opening in an inner circular piston working
within an outer circular cylinder the one circular piston working at right angles to
the other circular piston and all within one outer circular cylinder arranged and
operating substantially as set forth.
3. The arrangement or combination and use of parts of a triple expansion steam or
fluid engine operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth in respect of
Figures 1 to 15 inclusive.
4. The arrangement or combination and use of parts of a compound steam or fluid
engine operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth in respect of
Figures 16 to 22 inclusive.
5. The arrangement or combination and use of parts of apparatus for compressing,
exhausting, forcing or conveying air, water or other fluid operating substantially as
and for the purposes set forth in respect of Figures 23 to 26 inclusive.
6. The general arrangements and combinations of parts and their use as set forth.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicants.