IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS AND TEXTILE MATERIALS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS AND
TEXTILE MATERIALS."-A communication from abroad by Jules Harmel,
Ernest Harmel, and Leon Harmel, of Val des Bois, Bazancourt,
France.
Sealed the 1st December 1865, and dated the 6th June 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on.
the 6th June 1865.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS
AND TEXTILE MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This machinery is based upon a continuous feed of the wool or other
material, and upon a continuous stripping or drawing producing a continuous
combed sliver. The machinery will be understood on reference to the annexed
Drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation; it is composed of the following parts :-
Gills Greceive the wool or other material in slivers from feed cylinders A, A¹;
these slivers pass through, the openings of a bar 6 forming funnels. S is an
apron passing round an arrangement of cylinders which oscillates round the

page_text: point 0; the oscillation is produced symmetrically from each side by a lever
L, and receives from each side its action from an excentric plate a. These
plates permit the oscillation of the apron S to be regulated, so as to allow it
to approach as near as possible to the gills and to the drum hereafter
mentioned. The apron passes round a cylinder C driven by gearing round a
small cylinder C, and a third cylinder C acting as a stretching cylinder.
At C a grooved cylinder C presses forcibly on the apron; at the side
of this cylinder there are two other cylinders C, C, for maintaining the
wool on the apron. A drum composed of two parallel plates secured on a
shaft & turns on its two supports. These plates seen detached in Figures 2
and 3, are pierced with 20 or 25 holes, more or less, in their circumference
to receive the turned parts of the ends of bars e furnished with combs. One
of these bars is shown detached in Figures 4 and 5; one of the ends is
inclined towards the guide of a stationary cam finto which one of the ends of
the bars e enters; this cam is at the side of one of the plates T against the
frame; it is shown separately in Figures 6 and 7. The plates Tin turning
draw the bars e as if they formed part of an ordinary circular comb, but as
they can oscillate in the holes of the plates T, the ends in following the
contour of the cam f give to the bars the most convenient position for entering
and issuing from the wool. Thus for entering the wool the bars e advance
towards the apron S, so that the brush can easily enter the wool; while for
issuing from the wool the bars return towards the centre, in order to allow
the stripping apron to. approach the bars as near as possible in order to take
the wool as short as may be, and prevent the noil escaping. Beyond the
drum there is a stripping machanism composed of a grooved cylinder g, on
which another grooved cylinder presses strongly; this last cylinder receives
an apron 9 stretched by a cylinder i. Several bars k connected at each end
by a double chain t receiving its movement from a chain wheel v, liberate in
proper proportion the slivers of wool carried off by the drum. A brush B
causes the wool to enter the pins, it receives motion from an excentric,
which allows of its travel being regulated. A circular brush F removes the noil
from the bars; this noil is taken by a roller m furnished with cards, against
which a detaching comb n strikes.
Working of the machine.-The bobbins of prepared wool are placed on an
ordinary rack, the slivers p are fed to the gills G in a homogeneous layer.
These gills travelling in a continuous manner cause this layer to advance
regularly, and its extremity is received by the oscillating apron S, which
detaches a portion and carries it towards the drum T. While detaching this
portion the apron S in turning conveys the end thereof to one of the bars e;

page_text: the brush B then makes it enter, the wool is freed from the apron S, and one
of the bars & releases the other end. The apron S returning to the gills
conveys successively portions of wool to the drum. It will, be seen that by the
drawing which is produced from the apron S-to the gills, the ends of wool
receive a first combing. The drum in revolving brings the wool to the
stripping apron g, which by drawing the wool in a continuous manner, comibs
it and superposes' it in layers, so as to form a continuous sliver. This sliver
receives solidity in a revolving funnel r, and forms a bobbin of combed wool.
The noil which remains on the bars e is removed by the circular brush F.
According to the length of the portions of wool the bars must be more or less
close.to each other to prevent the separation which would be produced by
short-wool if the bars were too far apart. At the moment the hook of the
bar reaches the level of the intermediate space of the stripping cylinders, the
bar becomes inserted in order that the pins may take an oblique position in
relation to the stripping; in this manner the noil cannot leave the bar. The
speed of the grooved cylinders C, C"; is determined by the length of wool
which it is desired to engage behind the pins of the bars; and this speed
may be altered as required by changing the gearing which drives the
cylinder C.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROONAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
such others as I, the said Richard. Archibald Brooman, my executors,
administrators, and. assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term-therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,

page_text: and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING
WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS AND TEXTILE MATERIALS," (communicated to me
from abroad by Jules Harmel, Ernest Harmel, and Leon Harmel, of Val
dos Buis, Bazancourt, France), upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediatley after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This machinery is based upon a continuous feed of the wool or other
material and upon a continuous stripping or drawing producing a continuous
combed sliver. The machinery will be understood on reference to the
annexed Drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 a plan. It is composed of
the following parts:-Gills G receive the wool or other material in slivers
from feed cylinders A, A'; these slivers pass through the openings of. a. bar b
forming funnels; S is an apron passing round an arrangement of cylinders
which oscillates round the point 0; the oscillation is produced symmetrically
from each side by a lever L, and receives from each side its action from an
excentric plate a. These plates permit the oscillation of the apron S to be
regulated so as to allow it to approach as near as possible to the gills and to
the drum hereafter mentioned. The apron passes round a cylinder C driven
by gearing round a small cylinder C', and a third cylinder C acting as a
stretching cylinder. At C a grooved cylinder C" presses forcibly on the apron ;
at the side of this cylinder there are two other cylinders C, C, for main-
taining the wool on the apron. A drum composed of two parallel plates T, T,
secured on a shaft d, turns on its two supports. These plates, seen detached
in Figures 3 and 4, are pierced with 20 or 25 holes more or less in their
circumference to receive the turned parts of the ends of bars e, furnished with
combs. One of these bars is shewn detached in Figures 5 and 6; one of the
ends is inclined towards the guide of a stationary cam f, into which one of tho
ends of the bars e enters; this cam is at the side of one of the plates T against
the frame; it is shown separately in Figures 7 and 8. The plates T in

page_text: turning draw the bars e as if they formed! part of an ordinary circular comb;
but as they can oscillate in the holes of the plates T. the ends;in, following: the
contour of the canf give to the bars the most convenient position for entering
and issuing from, the wool. Thus, for, entering, the wool, the barse advance,
towards, the apron S, so that the brush, can easily enter the wool, while for,
issuing from the wool the bars return towards the centre in order to allow the
stripping apron to approach the bars as near as possible in order to take the
wool as short as may be and prevent the noil escaping.. Beyond the drum
there is a stripping mechanism composed; of a grooved cylinder g, on which
another grooved cylinder h presses strongly; this latter. cylinder receives an
apron q stretched by a cylinder i. Several bars & connected at each end by:
a double chain t,' receiving its.. movement from a chain wheel v, liberate.in
proper, proportion the slivers of wool carried off by the drum.. A brush B.
causes the wool to enter the pins; it receives motion from an excentric 7,
which allows, of its travel being regulated. A circular brush F removes the
noil from the bars; this noil is taken by a roller.m furnished with cards.
against which a detaching comb n strikes. :
↓
Working of the machine. The bobbins of prepared wool are placed on
an ordinary rack. The slivers p are fed to the gills Gin, a homogeneous layer.
These gills travelling in. a continuous manner cause this layer to advance
regularly, and its extremity is received by the oscillating apron S, which
detaches a portion and carries it towards the drum-T. While-detaching this
portion the apron S in turning conveys the end thereof to one of the bars 6,
the brush B then makes it enter, the wool is freed from the apron S, and one
of the bars & releases the other end. The apron S returning to the gills
conveys successively portions of wool to the drum. It will be seen that by
the drawing which is produced from the apron S to the gills the ends of wool
receive a first combing. The drum in revolving brings the wool to the
stripping apron 9, which by drawing the wool in a continuous manner, combs
it and superposes it in layers so as to form a continuous sliver; this sliver
receives solidity in a revolving funnel r and forms a bobbin of combed wool.
The noil which remains on the bars e is removed by the circular brush F.
According to the length of the portions of wool the bars must be more or less
close to each other to prevent the separation which would be produced by
short wool if the bars were too far apart. At the moment the hook of the.
bar reaches the level of the intermediate space of the stripping cylinders the
Lar becomes inverted in order that the pins may take an oblique position in
relation to the stripping; in this manner the noil cannot leave the bar. The
speed of the grooved cylinders C, C", is determined by the length of wool

page_text: which it is desired to engage behind the pins of the bars, and this speed may
be altered as required by changing the gearing which drives the cylinder C.
The chief parts of this improved arrangement or combination of machinery
are the oscillating apron for conveying the wool from the gills to the drum ;
the drum with plates pierced to receive the turned ends of the bars furnished
with combs; the arrangement of these bars furnished with several rows of pins
or combs, and one of the ends of which is inclined as seen in Figure 5; the
cam f formed to receive the oblique end of the bars; and the chain carrying
bars which liberate the slivers carried off by the drum.
The arrangement of the oscillating apron for conveying the filamentous
material is applicable to all circular combing-machinery.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, the arrange-
ment and combination of parts of machinery for combing wool and other
filamentous and textile materials, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five.