Improvements in and relating to the Collecting and Analyzing of Gases.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Collecting and Analyzing of
Gases.
I, FRANCOIS GERARD WALLER, Director of the "Nederlandsche Gist en
Spiritus fabrick at Delf, Holland, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new and improved method of
collecting gases or vapours during a certain pre-determined period in a very
regular and automatic manner for the purpose of subsequently making an analysis
of part of said vapours.
In carrying my improvements into effect 1 use two communicating vessels united
by a pipe, which is provided with a cock. One of the vessels is much larger than
the other, and both are partly filled with any suitable fluid. The smaller vessel
contains a float to which is attached a vertically guided rod and to this rod a
syphon tube is secured by a pinching screw or like device. By this means the
siphon may be lowered or raised and afterwards fastened in any desired position.
The one end of the siphon dips into the fluid through a hole in the float, and
the other end hangs free in a cistern provided at its lower end with a cock.
A larger vessel contains a floating body to separate nearly the whole surface of
the fluid from the space above it.
From the upper part of this vessel a small pipe leads to the funnel, smoke-box
or whatever space contains the gases or vapours to be collected and examined.
The pipe is provided with a soot-filter, a draining apparatus, and a return-valve.
This return-valve may be composed of a bottle with fluid into which the inlet or
supply pipe plunges, whilst the outlet or delivering pipe terminates above the
surface of the fluids. The largest vessel is further provided near the bottom
with an inlet cock for the gases or vapours; and has a guage glass fitted at
its side.
The apparatus will work in the following manner. The siphon is so fixed on
the rod of the float that the velocity of discharge of the fluid has the desired
value. Because the siphon desends with the float the velocity of discharge
ren:ains constant if the level of the fluid falls down. Both the vessels are now
wholly filled with fluid. The cock on the pipe between the two vessels is open the
other cocks are closed. Now the gas or vapour to be gathered is let through the
pipe from the funnel, smoke box or reservoir space containing the gases into
the larger vessel. The level of the fluid in it descends with the level in the
smaller vessel where it flows off through the syphon.
From this moment a quantity of gas or vapour is gathered very regularly and
the larger vessel is filled alternately with it.
The rod of the float bearing the siphon may be provided with a scale so that it
is possible to determinate beforehand the time necessary for filling the vessel.
This vessel is provided with a float covering nearly the whole surface of the fluid
so that if smoke gases are gathered the carbonic acid contained in them will not
be absorbed by the fluid.
After the vessel is filled with fluid a cock is opened on a pipe through which
fluid under pressure is admitted so that the gases are pressed away to the
apparatus for making the analysis. The return valve prevents the gases being
drawn back through the inlet-pipe to the smoke box, funnel or reservoir.

page_text: The working of the apparatus may be stopped at any moment without the
siphon being emptied.
After having closed the cock the level of the fluid in the larger cistern rises
until it has reached the height of the level in the smaller vessel, and then the
siphon ceases to flow.
It is clear that the apparatus will work equally well when the pressure of the
gases in the larger vessel is smaller or greater than the pressure of the surrounding
atmosphere if the specific gravity is known.
Dated the 15th January 1895.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
Improvements in and relating to the Collecting and Analyzing of
Gases.
I, FRANCOIS GERARD WALLER, Director of the "Nederlandsche Gist en
Spiritus fabrick" at Delf Holland, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described in and
by the following statement in writing, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new and improved method of
collecting gases or vapours during a certain pre-determined period in a very
regular aud automatic manner for the purpose of subsequently making an
analysis of said vapours.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
same into practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended an
explanatory drawing representing a sectional elevation of the vessels and fittings
used by me in collecting and analyzing gases in accordance with my improved
method.
Referring to said drawing :-
In carrying my improvements into effect I use two communicating vessels A
and B united by a pipe a which is provided with a cock b. One of the vessels A
is much larger than the other B and both are partly filled with any suitable fluid.
The smaller vessel B contains a float C to which is attached a vertically guided
rod c and to this rod a syphon tube d is secured by a clamp and pinching screw e
or like device. By this means the syphon d may be lowered or raised and
afterwards fastened in any desired position. The one end of the syphon d dips
into the fluid through a hole fin the float C and the other end hangs free in a
cistern D provided at its lower end with a cock n.
The larger vessel A contains a floating body p to separate nearly the whole
surface of the fluid from the space above it.
From the upper part of this vessel A a small pipe g leads by branches g¹g to
the funnel smoke box or whatever space contains the gases or vapours to be
.collected and examined.
The branches g gl are provided with a soot filter j a draining apparatus gland a
non-return valve h. This non-return valve may be composed of a bottle with
fluid into which the inlet or supply. pipe g' plunges whilst the outlet or delivering
pipe 9 terminates above the surface of the fluids; and this valve will prevent
the gases flowing in the inverse direction, that is from the vessel A to the smoke
box or space containing the gases to be collected. The largest vessel is further
provided near the bottom with an inlet cock m and has a gauge glass fitted at
its side.
Before the apparatus is set into working the vessels A and B may be filled by
pouring the liquid into the vessel B after having removed its cover. Of course at

page_text: this moment the cock band k' must be open and the cocks m and n must be closed.
The air contained in vessel A will then flow off through the pipe k into the open
air. When the apparatus is thus filled with fluid, no air enters again into it.
The vessel A is only filled with gases or vapours by the lowering of the levels of
the fluid in vessels A and B caused by the working of the syphon d, and after-
wards the gases or vapours are driven out by forcing the fluid under pressure.
through the cock m into the vessel A.
C
The apparatus will work in the following manner. The syhon d is so fixed on
the rod c of the float C that the velocity of discharge of the fluid has the desired
value. Because the syhon d descends with the float C the velocity of discharge.
remains constant if the level of the fluid falls down. Both the vessels A B are
now wholly filled with fluid. The cock on the pipe a between the two vessels is
The cock n on the
open so that these vessels communicate with each other.
cistern D is also open so that the fluid drawn over through the syphon
off from the cistern D. The other cocks m and k¹ are closed.
vapour to be gathered is let through the pipes g g' g' from the funnel, smoke box
or reservoir space containing the gases into the larger vessel A. The level of the
fluid in it descends with the level in the smaller vessel B where it flows off through
the syphon.
may
flow
Now the gas or
From this moment a quantity of gas or vapour is gathered very regularly and
the larger vessel A is slowly filled with it.
The rod c of the float C bearing the syphon d may be provided with a scale S.
so that it is possible to determinate beforehand the time necessary for filling the
vessel A with gas or vapour. This vessel A is provided with a float covering
nearly the whole surface of the fluid so that if smoke gases are gathered the
carbonic acid contained in them will not be absorbed by the fluid.
After the vessel A is filled with the gases or vapours a cock m is opened on a
pipe through which fluid under pressure is admitted so that the gases are pressed
away through the pipe k to the apparatus for making the analyses. The fluid.
injected through cock m would preferably be that which flows through cock n from.
cistern D to any suitable accumulator. The non-return valve / prevents the gases.
being drawn back through the inlet pipe to the smoke box, funnel or reservoir.
The working of the apparatus may be stopped at any moment without the
syphon being emptied.
After having closed the cock n the level of the fluid in the cistern D rises until
it has reached the height of the level in the smaller vessel B and then the syphon
ceases to flow without being emptied.
It is clear that the apparatus will work equally well when the pressure of the
gases in the larger vessel is smaller or greater than the pressure of the surrounding
atmosphere if the dimensions of the apparatus are chosen well in relation to the
specific gravity of the gases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is :-
The herein described method of collecting gases or vapours for the purpose of
making analyses substantially as set forth.