Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Preparation of Rovings of Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 15th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 19th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Preparation of
Rovings of Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
I, WILLIAM HENRY RHODES, of 5 Lime Grove Longsight, in the County of
Lancaster Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to machinery or apparatus for the preparation of rovings
of cotton and other fibrous materials and consists in machinery or apparatus for
preparing rovings and winding them upon bobbins or spools or tubes, which
machinery or apparatus is simpler and more efficient than the roving frames
hitherto employed in the preparation of rovings of cotton and other fibrous
materials. The machine or apparatus in which my invention consists may be
arranged to so wind rovings upon bobbins, spools or tubes that they may be
afterwards unwound without it being necessary to cause such bobbins, spools or
tubes to revolve by tension applied to the rovings being unwound therefrom.
In constructing a machine or apparatus according to my invention I provide
drawing rollers such as are employed in slubbing and roving frames for the
purpose of drawing the slivers which are to be formed into rovings by means of
such machine or apparatus, and cause motion to be imparted to such drawing
rollers in any suitable manner. I provide any suitable means by which the
slivers to he formed into rovings are delivered to the said rollers to be operated
upon thereby, and I provide any suitable arrangements of rubbing rollers or
leathers or twisting tubes or other devices operated in any suitable manner by
means of which the slivers to be operated upon or the rovings into which such
slivers are forined, may be consolidated before or after or before and after being
operated upon by the said drawing rollers. I provide a series of discs mounted
upon a shaft or shafts and may form each of such discs with flutes or teeth or
cover them with any suitable material so that they may act upon the rovings in
the required manner and cause them to be wound upon bobbins, spools or tubes in
the manner which will be hereinafter described. I mount the bobbins, spools or
tubes on which the rovings produced by the action of the machine are to be
wound, in frames which are mounted on a rod or bar or rods or bars arranged to
be moved longitudinally by a cam or heart or any other suitable means and I
prefer to arrange and mount such frames that each bobbin, spool or tube is
mounted in a separate frame and is capable of being moved into and out of its
normal working position independently of every other bobbin, spool or tube. I
so arrange the frame in which the said bobbins, spools or tubes are mounted that
each of such bobbins, spools or tubes or the surface of the roving wound thereon
may be caused to bear upon the surface of one of the discs above mentioned.
Each roving produced by the action of the machine or apparatus is guided by
suitable means upon the surface of one of the said dises so that by the action of
such disc the said roving will be wound upon the bobbin, spool or tube intended to
receive it, which bobbin, spool or tube is moved longitudinally by the motion
imparted to the rod or bar to which is connected the frame in which the said
bobbin, spool or tube is mounted, and thus the said roving is distributed in the
required manner upon the surface of the said bobbin, spool or tube. I prefer to
provide means by which the motion imparted to the bobbins, spools or tubes may.
be varied as may be necessary in order that the rovings to be wound thereon may
be wound thereon into any required form, and in one arrangement of mechanism
for this purpose, 1 employ a connecting rod operating in conjunction with a lever

page_text: and provide means by which the point of connection between such connecting rod
and lever or the position of such lever relative to its fulcrum may be gradually
changed during the working of the machine but I may employ any other suitable
arrangement for the purpose.
.
...
I may also provide any suitable means by which the rovings formed in a
machine or apparatus constructed according to my invention may be enabled to be
wound upon bobbins, spools or tubes of various lengths. Weights may be
employed in order that the bobbins, spools or tubes or the rovings being wound
thereon may be caused to bear to a greater extent upon the discs aforesaid so that
such rovings may be more closely, compactly and efficiently wound upon such
bobbins, spools or tubes.
Dated this Fourteenth day of June 1893.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Preparation of
Rovings of Cotton and other Fibrous Materials.
I, WILLIAM HENRY RHODES, of 5 Lime Grove, Longsight, in the County of
Lancaster Machinist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to machinery or apparatus for the preparation of rovings of
cotton and other fibrous materials and consists in machinery or apparatus for
preparing rovings and winding them upon bobbins or spools or tubes, which
machinery or apparatus is simpler and more efficient than the roving frames
hitherto employed in the preparation of rovings of cotton and other fibrous
materials. The machine or apparatus in which my invention consists is arranged
to so wind rovings upon bobbins, spools or tubes that they may be afterwards
unwound without it being necessary to cause such bobbins spools or tubes to revolve
by tension applied to the rovings being unwound therefrom.
In constructing a machine or apparatus according to my invention, I provide
drawing rollers such as are employed in slubbing and roving frames for the
purpose of drawing the slivers which are to be formed into rovings by means of
such machine or apparatus, and cause motion to be imparted to such drawing rollers
in any suitable manner. I provide any suitable means by which the slivers to be
formed into rovings are delivered to the said rollers to be operated upon thereby,
and I provide any suitable arrangements of rubbing rollers or leathers or twisting
tubes or other devices operated in any suitable manner by means of which the
slivers to be operated upon or the rovings into which such slivers are formed, may
be consolidated after being operated upon by the said drawing rollers. I provide
a series of discs mounted upon a shaft or shafts and form each of such discs with
flutes or teeth or cover them with any suitable material so that they may act upon
the rovings in the required manner and cause them to be wound upon bobbins,
spools or tubes in the manner which will be hereinafter described. I mount the
bobbins spools or tubes on which the rovings produced by the action of the machine
are to be wound, in frames which are mounted on a rod or bar or rods or bars
arranged to be moved longitudinally by a cam or heart or any other suitable means
and I prefer to so arrange and mount such frames that each bobbin, spool or tube
is mounted in a separate frame and is capable of being moved into and out of
winding position independently of every other bobbin, spool or tube.
I so arrange
the frames in which the said bobbins, spools or tubes are mounted that each of such
bobbins, spools or tubes or the surface of the roving wound thereon may be caused
to bear upon the surface of one of the discs above mentioned. Each roving

page_text: produced by the action of the machine or apparatus is guided by suitable means
upon the surface of one of the said discs so that by the action of such disc the
said roving will be wound upon the bobbin, spool or tube intended to receive it,
which bobbin, spool or tube is moved longitudinally by the motion imparted to the
rod or bar to which is connected the frame in which the' said bobbin, spool or tube
is mounted and thus the said roving is distributed in the required manner upon the
surface of the said bobbin, spool or tube. I prefer to provide' means by which the
motion imparted to the bobbin's, spools or tubes may be varied as may be necessary
in order that the rovings to be wound thereon may be wound thereon into the
required form, and in one arrangement of mechanism for this purpose 'I employ a
connecting rod operating in conjunction with a lever and provide means by which
the point of connection between such connecting rod and lever, or the position of
such lever relative to its fulcrum may be gradually changed during the working
of the machine, but I may employ any other suitable arrangement for the purpose.
I'may also provide any suitable means by which the rovings formed in a machine
or apparatus constructed according to my invention may be enabled to be wound
upon bobbins, spools or tubes of various lengths.
Weights may be employed in order that the bobbins, spools or tubes or the
rovings being wound thereon may be caused to bear to a greater extent upon the
discs aforesaid so that such rovings may be more closely, compactly and efficiently
wound upon such bobbins, spools or tubes.
One form of machine constructed according to my invention is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, which show only such parts as are necessary to enable my
invention to be understood and carried into effect.
I
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic front view of the machine, and Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic
end view thereof. Each of such figures shows certain parts which are omitted
from the other.
Fig. 3 is a plan illustrating the arrangement of parts employed to carry the
bobbins, spools or tubes.
Fig. 4 is a side view illustrating the form of bobbin which I prefer to employ,
and the form into which I prefer that rovings produced by the operation. of a
machine constructed according to my invention should be wound.
Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic side view illustrating the manner in which rovings
wound upon bobbins, spools or tubes into the form illustrated in Fig. 4 inay be
unwound from the said bobbins, spools or tubes without it being necessary to cause
such bobbins, spools or fübés to revolve.
The same letters of reference are applied to corresponding parts throughout all
the figures of the accompanying drawings.
At (A) (A) (see Fig. 2,) are the slivers or slubbings to be formed into rovings
by means of the machine illustrated in the "accompanying drawings." "The
bobbins (a) upon which the slivers or slubbings' (A'). are wound in 'readiness for
being operated upon by means of the machine illustrated in the accompanying
drawings are placed in the creel (b), which is similar to that usually employed in
roving frames as ordinarily constructed..
From the bobbin (a) upon which it is wound each of the slivers or slubbings (A)
is led to drawing rollers (c) which are similar in arrangement and operation to the
drawing, rollers employed in, roving" frames as hitherto constructed." Like the
drawing rollers employed in roving frames as hitherto constructed the drawing
'rollers (c) are mounted in stands or pedestals (d) supported by the rail or roller
beam (e) which extends lengthwise of the machine, and such rollers (c) receive
motion from the shaft () by "means of gearing which being similar to that
employed for similar purposes in roving frames as ordinarily constructed is in great
part omitted from or only indicated diagrammatically in the accompanying
drawings in which are shown the wheels (9) (h) (i) () and the wheel (5) and
crown wheel (m) and wheels' (m) (m³) by which motion is communicated from the
front bottom roller (c) to the back bottom roller (e). By means of the
wheels (n) (p) and carrier wheel (o) (see Fig. 1), motion is communicated from
0. (t):113
..

page_text: the back bottom roller (c') to the middle bottom roller (c³). The wheels (h) (i)
(m) (m) and (o) are supported in any suitable manner. Upon the shaft (f) is
mounted the fast pulley (g) by means of which motive power is imparted to the
machine. The loose pulley (r) is also mounted on the shaft (f)..
From the drawing rollers (c) the rovings are conducted to rubbing leathers (s) (s)
which are similar in construction, arrangement and operation to the rubbing
leathers employed to consolidate slivers of fibrous materials in several kinds of
machines in ordinary use. The rubbing leathers (s) (s) are mounted upon
rollers (t) (t¹). The rollers (t) receive rotary motion by means of the gearing.
consisting in the toothed wheels (g) (h) (i) (j) (u) (v) (w) and (a) from the shaft (f).
Motion is communicated to the upper roller (t) from the lower roller (t) by means
of the toothed wheels (y) (2) (see Fig. 1), respectively mounted upon such lower
and upper rollers (t) (t). Although not so shown in Fig. 1 the toothed
wheels (y) (2) are supported in bearings provided upon the end frame (1) of the
machine and are prevented from moving in the direction of their axes in such'
bearings. The axles of the rollers (t) (t) are provided with keys or key-ways
which act in conjunction with key-ways or keys in the toothed wheels (y) (2).
Although not so shown in the accompanying drawings the toothed wheel (r) 18
supported in a bearing provided upon the end frame (9) of the machine and is
prevented from moving in the direction of its axis in such bearing. The axle of
the lower roller (t) upon which the wheel (x) is mounted is provided with a key or
key-way which acts in conjunction with a key-way or key provided in the
wheel (x). The rollers (t) (t) upon which the rubbing leathers (s) (s) are mounted
receive a movement to and fro in the direction of their length from the pulley (4)
by means of the pulley (9¹) formed with the pulley (9), band (2), pulley (3) and
excentrics mounted upon the shaft which is indicated by the dotted line (3) and
is supported in any suitable manner. The band (2) passes around guide pulleys
supported in any suitable manner of which three marked (4) (5) and (6) are shown
in the accompanying drawings.
The
After being consolidated by the rubbing leathers (s) the roving formed from the
sliver or slubbing (A) from each of the bobbins (a) is wound upon a bobbin spool
or tube by means of one of a number of discs (7) which are mounted fast upon a
shaft (8) extending. lengthwise of the machine and supported in the end
frames (1) (9) of such machine and also at other suitable parts by pedestals
mounted upon the roller beam (e) or upon any other suitable support.
shaft (8) receives rotary motion from the shaft (f) by means of the pinion (9) and
toothed wheels (h) (i) (j) (u) (v) (w) and (10) and is prevented in any suitable
manner from moving lengthwise. The toothed wheel (w) is made sufficiently wide
to be able to impart motion to both of the wheels (a) and (10) which are out of
line with one another. Each of the discs (7) is formed with flutes or teeth on its
surface so as to more efficiently act upon the rovings to be wound upon a bobbin,
spool or tube by means of the contact with such disc (7) of the surface of the said
bobbin spool or tube or of the roving already wound thereon. (11) is a bar or rod
extending lengthwise of the machine and supported in the end frames (1) (9) of
the machine and by intermediate supports mounted upon the roller beam (e) or
any other suitable support. The rod or bar (11) is capable of being moved
lengthwise in its supports and is prevented by any suitable means from turning in
such supports. In conjunction with the discs (7) there are employed a corre
sponding number of frames (12) each formed of two side frames (12") (12)
connected by means of a casting (12) to which the said side frames (12") (12) are
secured. The frames (12) are mounted upon the rod or bar (11) and arranged to
be capable of being turned thereon as will be hereinafter described.. Collars arè
secured upon the bar or rod (11) in suitable positions in order to prevent the
frames (12) from being moved in relation to such bar or rod (11) in the direction
of its length. Each of the two side frames (12") (12) of each frame (12) is formed
with a notch or socket (12) adapted to receive one end of a spindle or axle (13)
on which may be placed the bobbin spool or tube (14) to be mounted in such

page_text: frame (12) in order to have wound upon it the roving produced by the operation
upon one of the slivers or slubbinga (A) of the rollers (c) in conjunction with which
such frame (12) is used. Each of the bobbins, spools or tube (14) is of the
form indicated in Fig. 4 and the two side frames (12") (12b) of each frame (12)
are so formed that when one of the bobbins, spools or tubes (14) is placed
upon the spindle or axle (13) of one of the frames (12) and such spindle
or axle (13) is placed in position in the sockets or notches (12) of the said
side frames (12) (12b) the lower surface of the said bobbin, spool or tube (14)
shall when such bobbin, spool or tube is supported by the disc (7) to which it is
applied be parallel to the axis of the shaft (8) while the axis of such bobbin, spool
or tube (14) as seen in elevation (Fig. 1), shall be in a plane inclined to the axis of
such shaft (8). Fig. 3 shews that the axis of such bobbin, spool or tube as seen
in plan is parallel to the shaft (8) and rod or bar (11). Each of the side
frames (12) (12b) of each frame (12) is provided with a catch (15) which is
mounted and capable of oscillating upon a stud (16) secured in the side frame (12")
or (12) with which it is used. The movement of the catch (15) on each side
frame (12) (12b) is limited by studs or pins (17) secured in such side frame (12)
or (12) against one or other of which studs or pins (17) the catch (15) arrives
when it has moved a certain distance in either direction. When one of the
frames (12) is turned into the position in which the frame (12) shown in Fig. 2 is
indicated, the catches (15) upon the side frames (12") (12b) of such frame (12) fall
or move in the direction indicated by the arrow (B) so as to move clear of the
notches or sockets (12d) in which is placed the spindle or axle (13) employed in
such frame (12) so that such spindle or axle (13) may be readily placed in position
in or removed from the said sockets or notches (12) as is necessary when a hobbin,
spool or tube (14) is to be placed in position in the said frame (12) or when a full
bobbin, spool or tube (14) is to be replaced by an empty one. When any one of
the frames (12) is turned so that the bobbin, spool or tube (14) mounted in it or
the surface of the roving wound upon such bobbin spool or tube (14) is caused to
bear against the periphery of the disc (7) in conjunction with which such frame (12)
is employed, the catches (15) will turn or fall in the direction opposite to that
indicated by the arrow (B) so as to prevent the spindle or axle (13) used with such
frame (12) from moving out of the notches or sockets (12) formed in the side
frames (12") (12b) thereof. To the rod or bar (11) is jointed one end of a
connecting rod (18) which at its other end is jointed to a pin (19) secured in a
block (19) mounted in and capable of being slidden lengthwise of an arm (20)
mounted fast upon an axle (21) capable of being oscillated in a bearing formed in
a bracket (22) secured to the end frame (9) of the machine. In the arm (20) is
mounted a screw (23) provided with a handle (23") by means of which it may be
turned which screw (23), is so mounted in the arm (20) as to be incapable of being
moved lengthwise therein. The screw (23) engages with screw-threads formed in
the interior of a nut (19) forming part of the pin (19). Upon the lower end of
the screw (23) is secured a bevel wheel (24) into the teeth of which gear or
engage the teeth of a bevel wheel (25) capable of being revolved upon the
axle (21). To the bevel wheel (25) is secured a ratchet wheel (26). Upon a stud
projecting from the arm (20) is mounted a bowl or roller (27) which is caused to
bear against the periphery of a cam or heart (28) mounted fast upon a shaft (29)
which is mounted so as to be capable of being revolved in bearings formed in
suitable brackets secured to the end frame (9) of the machine and receives rotary
motion from the shaft (f) by means of the worm (30) mounted upon such shaft
and the worm-wheel (31) mounted upon and secured to the shaft (29). Upon the
shaft (21) is secured an arm (32) formed with a weight (32) by which the arm (20)
is caused to tend to turn in the direction indicated by the arrow (C) so that the
bowl or roller (27) is caused to bear against the periphery of the heart or cam (28).
Against the periphery of the heart or cam (28) bears a bowl or roller (33) mounted
so as to be capable of revolving upon a stud 'projecting from an arm (34) capable
of being oscillated upon a stud (35) projecting from a bracket secured to the

page_text: end-frame (9) of the machine. The arm (34) is formed with a weight (34) which
tending to turn the arm (34) in the direction indicated by the arrow (D) causes
the bowl or roller (33) to bear against the heart or cam (28). In the arm (34) is
formed a slot (34) in any suitable position in which is mounted a stud (36) upon
which is mounted a catch or pawl (37) formed with a tooth (37") which bearing
upon the ratchet wheel (26) causes such ratchet wheel (26) to be turned in the
direction indicated, by the arrow (E) whenever the arm (34) is moved by the cam
or heart (28) in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow (D). By the
ratchet wheel (26) being so turned the screw (23) is also turned so that the
block (19) is gradually moved downwards in the arm (20) so that while the revolu̟-
tion of the heart or cam (28) causes an uniform to and fro movement to be
imparted to the arm (20) the to and fro movement imparted by such arm (20) to
the rod or bar (11) and so to the frames (12) will be gradually reduced in a manner
similar to that in which the upward and downward movement of the bobbius in an
ordinary roving frame is gradually shortened.
(38) is a standard to carry the outer end of the shaft (f). The various wheels
indicated in the accompanying drawings revolve in the directions indicated by the
arrows respectively applied thereto. The dotted lines (38) indicate the coverз
provided upon the end frame (9) of the machine to cover the gearing placed
within such end frame (9) and such dotted lines (38) indicate such covers in the
position which they occupy when access is to be obtained to the said gearing.
(39) is one of the catches which are provided to enable the covers aforesaid, to be
retained in the positions in which they are indicated by the dotted lines (38).
Each roving produced by the operation of the rollers (c) upon the slivers or
slubbings (A) is after being consolidated by the action of the rubbing leathers (s)
led to one of the bobbins spools or tubes (14) and after the roving to be wound upon
one of the bobbins, spools or tubes (14) has been passed around it the said bobbin,
spool or tube or the portion of roving upon it is placed in contact with the
periphery of the disc (7) employed in conjunction with the frame (12) in which
such bobbin spool or tube (14) is mounted, by such frame (12) being turned in the
direction indicated by the arrow (F) in Fig. 2. In conjunction with each disc (7)
is provided a guide (40) formed of a weighted lever capable of oscillating upon a
stud (41*) secured in a bracket (41) mounted upon the roller beam (e) or any other
suitable support. Each guide (40) is formed with a spoon or trough shaped
end 40 by which the roving to be wound upon a bobbin, spool or tube (14) by the
action of the disc (7) with which such guide (40) is employed is guided upon the
said bobbin, spool or tube (14) and prevented from participating in the to and
fro movements of such bobbin, spool or tube (14). While the rovings are being
wound upon the bobbins, spools or tubes (14) by the action of the discs (7) the
revolution of the heart or cam (28) causing the arm (20) to be moved to and fro
in the direction indicated by the arrow (C) and in the contrary direction will cause
the said, rovings to be distributed upon the bobbins spools or tubes (14) on which
they are respectively being wound and the oscillation of the arm (34) caused also
by the revolution of the heart or cam (28) will cause the to and fro motion of the
bar or rod (11) and the bobbins, spools or tubes (14) to be gradually shortened by
the action of the pawl (37), ratchet wheel (26) and screw (23) so that the said
rovings will be wound upon the several bobbins spools or tubes (14) into the form
illustrated in Fig. 4 which shows one bobbin, spool or tube (14) filled with roving
wound thereon. Fresh slubbings or slivers (A) are placed in the creel (b) from
time to time as the bobbins (a) become empty and at such times or other times
"when the rovings being wound upon the bobbins, spools or tubes (14) terminate or
break, piecing may be readily accomplished without it being necessary to stop the
machine. When piecing is required the frame (12) in which is mounted the bobbin,
spool or tube (14) on which the roving to be pieced. is being wound is turned into
the position in which the frame (12) in Fig. 2 is shown and when the roving has
been pieced, the said frame (12) is again turned in the direction indicated by the
arrow (F) so that the surface of the roving wound upon the said, bobbiu, spool or

page_text: tube (14) is again brought into contact with the disc (7) by which the roving is to
be wound upon such bobbin, spool or tube (14). When the winding of the rovings
upon one set of bobbins, spools or tubes (14) has been accomplished the machine is
stopped and the full bobbins spools or tubes are replaced by empty ones and when
by the screw (23) being turned by means of the handle (23) the block (19) has
been raised to the upper part of or the required position in the arm (20) the
machine is again started.
By the stud (36) being placed in different parts of the slot (34) and by the
block (19) being placed in different positions in the arm (20) by the screw (23).
being turned by means of the handle (23") prior to the commencement of the
winding of different sets of bebbins, spools or tubes, the form into which the
rovings will be wound upon such bobbins, spools or tubes may be somewhat varied
As will be obvious to persons conversant with machinery or apparatus for spinning
cotton and other fibrous materials the surface speeds of the several drawing
rollers (c) the speed of the rubbing leathers (s) and the surface speed of the
discs (7) will require to bear suitable relations to one another and any required
relation or variation in the relation of such speeds may be arranged for by changes
being made in the proportions of the wheels by which motion is imparted to the
several drawing rollers (c), the rubbing leathers (s) and the discs (7). The
wheels (i) and (h) are so mounted as to be capable of being moved in an arc when
it may be necessary in order that a wheel (i) of a different size from that shown in
the accompanying drawing shall be employed. Others of the wheels employed
may also be mounted similarly to the wheels (h) and (i).
When the rovings produced by the operation of the machine above described
upon the slubbings or slivers (a) supplied to it have been wound upon bobbins, spools-
or tubes (14) into the form illustrated in Fig. 4 the bobbins spools or tubes (14).
filled with rovings may be placed upon pegs in suitable position in a mule or
ring spinning machine or other machine by which such rovings may be spun or
formed into yarn and the rovings may be drawn off the smaller ends of such
bobbins, spools or tubes without causing such bobbins, spools or tubes to revolve.
Fig. 5 illustrates the manner in which rovings wound upon bobbins, spools or
tubes (14) into the form illustrated by Fig. 4 may be placed upon pegs (42) and'
the manner in which such rovings may be drawn off the smaller ends of such
bobbins, spools or tubes without causing such bobbins, spools or tubes to revolve
and passed over a rail or rod (43) and led to the drawing rollers (44) of a
mule or ring spinning frame or other machine for converting rovings into.
yarn.
Machines constructed according to my invention are susceptible of considerable
variation in construction as I have above described. In some cases rubbing rollers
such as are ordinarily employed in many machines now in use for operating upon
slivers formed of fibrous materials in the preparation of such fibrous materials may
be employed instead of the rubbing leathers (s) illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, and twisting tubes or other devices such as have heretofore been used in
consolidating slivers of fibrous material may be employed instead of rubbing
leathers. Although the employment of twisting tubes would render it possible to
use a quicker speed of drawing rollers in the working and a faster speed of winding,
I prefer to employ rubbing leathers or rubbing rollers because when rubbing
leathers or rubbing rollers are employed it is possible to piece the broken rovings
without it being necessary to stop the machine. The discs (7) by which the
rovings produced in the operation of a machine constructed according to my
invention are wound upon the bobbins spools or tubes may be covered with any
suitable material by which they may be enabled to exert the requisite friction upon:
the surface of the rovings wound upon the said bobbins, spools or tubes instead of
being formed with flutes or teeth. The slivers or slubbings to be operated upon by
a machine constructed according to my invention may be delivered thereto in any
other suitable manner instead of in the manner illustrated in the accompanying
drawings. Any other suitable' means may be employed' instead of the heart or

page_text: cam (28) to impart the requisite to and fro motion to the bobbins, spools or tubes
in a machine constructed according to my invention.
By winding the rovings produced by a machine constructed according to my
invention upon bobbins spools or tubes in the manner above described, I enable
such rovings to be unwound from the bobbins spools or tubes without it being
necessary to cause such bobbins, spools or tubes to be revolved about their axes
and by so rendering it unnecessary for the rovings to be able to bear a tension
Bufficient to cause the revolution of the bobbins, spools or tubes as has been
necessary with rovings wound upon bobbins, in the manner hitherto followed in
flyer roving frames I render it possible to produce rovings which are softer and
more tender and therefore better adapted for the elongation to which they require
to be submitted in being spun or converted into yarn. By rovings being unwound
in the manner illustrated in Fig. 5 each of such rovings receives one turn of twist
in the removal of one of its coils from the bobbin, spool or tube on which it is
wound, and the addition of the twist so produced renders such rovings less liable to
breakage in passing to and between the drawing rollers of the machine by which
they are to be spun or converted into yarn.
Machines constructed according to my invention are very much simpler in
construction and more readily attended to while in operation and also more easily
driven than roving frames as hitherto constructed and when the bobbins, spools or
tubes on which the rovings produced by the operation of the machines are arranged
so that each bobbin, spool or tube or the roving wound thereon may be placed
against or removed from the disc from which it receives motion independently of
the others the piccing of broken rovings may be very readily accomplished without
such machines being stopped.
Although I have in Fig. 4 illustrated the form into which I prefer that rovings
produced by the operation of machines constructed according to my invention
should be wound it is obvious that machines constructed according to my invention
may be arranged to wind the rovings produced by their operation into other
analogous forms and although in the accompanying drawings each bobbin, spool or
tube (14) is shown as being mounted in a frame (12) so as to be capable as I
greatly prefer of being placed in or out of winding position independently of the
others the bobbins, spools or tubes might be mounted so that they shall be placed
in or out of position for the winding of rovings thereon simultaneously.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :
1. In a machine for the preparation of rovings of cotton or other fibrous
materials discs such as (7) employed and operating for the purpose and substan-
tially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a machine for the preparation of rovings of cotton or other fibrous
materials the combination of discs such as (7) and a corresponding number of
frames such as (12) for carrying bobbins, spools or tubes arranged employed and
operating for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
3. In a machine for the preparation of rovings of cotton or other fibrous
materials the combination of discs such as (7) and a corresponding number of
frames such as (12) for carrying bobbins spools or tubes and provided with catches
such as (15) all arranged employed and operating for the purposes and substan-
tially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
4. In a machine for the preparation of rovings of cotton or other fibrous
materials the combination of drawing rollers such as (c), rubbing leathers such
as (s) or rubbing rollers or twisting tubes or other devices for consolidating slivers
or rovings, discs such as (7) for winding rovings upon bobbins spools or tubes and

page_text: frames such as (12) for carrying bobbins spools or tubes all arranged, employed,
and operating for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
5. In a machine for the preparation of rovings of cotton or other fibrous-
materials the combination of drawing rollers such as (c), rubbing leathers such.
as (s) or rubbing rollers or twisting tubes or other devices for consolidating slivers
or rovings, discs such as (7), for winding rovings on bobbins spools or tubes frames,
such as (12) adapted for carrying bobbins, spools or tubes and catches such as (15)
provided upon the said frames, all arranged, employed and operating for the-
purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated by
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Fourteenth day of March 1894.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.