Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1887.
- Specification Accepted, 29th Mar.. 1887.
I WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11 Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a novel artificial cement having for base chloride of
magnesium, and intended to replace ordinary cements in all their applications.
The novel industrial product constituting this invention possesses the general
properties of the cements that it replaces; it may be white or colored, according to
requirement; it keeps for an indefinite period, and may be transported to any distance,
its principal constituent elements remaining separated up to the moment of using it. It is
constituted essentially by the incorporation of dried chloride of magnesium, pulverised
and with or without the addition of inert matters, into a magnesian cement formed of
magnesia intimately mixed with a calcareous or other powder.
The preparation of this product is effected in the following manner :-
1° DESSICATION OF THE CHLORIDE OF MAGNESIUM.
The chloride of magnesium dissolved, either hot or cold, in the smallest possible
quantity of water, has added to it a certain weight of pulverised carbonate of lime, or
of any other inert matter in powder and absorbent, (the weight is variable according to
the degree of capillarity and of porosity of the substance employed), and is intimately
mixed with these matters during ebullition. The weight of chloride may vary between
5 and 10 per cent. of the total weight.
The thickened mass is kept at a temperature of less than 110 degrees centigrade,
until the appearance of chlorhydric vapours. The product then resembles a dried
chloride of calcium and may be easily ground, pulverised and incorporated with a
larger quantity of inert matters.

page_text: Another means of drying the chloride of magnesium consists, after having
pounded it, in mixing it with one or several inert and absorbent substances, in variable
quantity according to the results to be obtained, and in passing the whole to stones or
any other grinders, in small portions. A rapid sifting ensures the intimate mingling
of the mixture with the inert matters and its preservation.
2° INCORPORATION OF THE CHLORIDE IN THE MAGNESIAN CEMENT.
The chloride of magnesium dried by one of the two aforesaid processes, may thus
form part of a magnesian cement quite analogous, as regards its employment and
uses, to ordinary cements. For this purpose, the aforesaid mixture of chloride of
magnesium with inert matters is preserved in casks if to be sent long distances. The
magnesia necessary to the cement, has added to it calcareous powder or inert matters
in variable quantities according to destined uses, and is preserved in sacks.
To use these matters, they are mixed in water, mixing perceptibly equal volumes of
chlorided powder and of magnesia powder; to this mixture may be added, according to
circumstances, variable quantities of inert matters, such as sands or various mineral
powders. The maximum plasticity is produced by taking care that about a third of
the mixed materials are in impalpable powder.
The mixture thus made in water, gives birth to an industrial product, gifted with
special and clearly characterized properties. This product is adapted for the
execution of all kinds of plastering and coverings or coatings, to the moulding of all
kinds of objects in imitation of stucco, marbles or mosaics, by the addition of colored
earths (oxydes or salts), as well as by the choice of the texture of the inert matters
incorporated with it during the preparation, or at the time of using; it may also be
used to make tiles or flagging, being applied in layer upon stone, wood, or metal. In
short, it is capable of advantageously replacing cements in all their applications.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the Invention
communicated to me as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I
declare that what I claim is :-
1. The novel industrial product above described and which is essentially formed
of an intimate mixture, in contact with water, of dried and pulverized chloride of
magnesium, with or without the addition of inert matters or calcareous powder, with
magnesia also pulverised and mixed with calcareous powder or inert matters, this
product, intended to replace cements, being capable of receiving the most varied
colorations, by the addition of colored earths, or of remaining white like the purest
plaster.
2. The above described process consisting in drying, by moist or dry method, the
chloride of magnesium, in pulverizing it, with the addition of inert matters and in
preparing a magnesian cement composed as above described; these two powders,
preserved separately, being intended to be mixed, at the moment of using, to constitute
à product replacing cements, in the manner and with the object specified.
Dated this Twenty first day of January 1887.