IMPROVE- MENTS IN OVENS FOR BAKING PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, WILLIAM FREDERICK MASON, of Longsight Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OVENS FOR BAKING PURPOSES" to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to both single and what are known as "decker" ovens
for baking purposes, and consist of a special arrangement of flues combined with
dampers for the purpose of directing the heat of the furnace or fire to that portion
of the oven where it is required for the time being, together with an arrangement
of a flue or flues for the admission of cold air to check the heat when the same is
too great.
To accomplish this, and to effect my improvements, I construct the oven in
either one, two, three or more tiers or decks,' each of which may be provided with
the usual appliances in the way of doors, carriages, &c, and of any suitable material
or form.
'Over each tier or deck, and likewise underneath each tier or deck, or some of
them, runs a flue, or it may be flues, communicating with the furnace or fire
through which flue or flues pass the products of combustion on their way to the
chimney; whereby, when the flue or flues are open from end to end, the heat will
pass both under and over each of the tiers or decks of the oven.
Each length of flue is provided with a damper or dampers in such manner that
the heat may be shut out of any one, or any number of them; by which means it
may be possible to heat either the top or bottom, or both top and bottom of any
separate tier or deck, or combination of tiers or decks of the oven, or the whole of
the heat may be caused to pass direct to the chimney, thus shutting off the heat
from the oven altogether.
I construct the air flue or flues between the furnace and the oven, or between
the furnace and the first tier or 'deck' thereof, so as to enable a screen of cold air
to be formed at this point, when the heat becomes too great; by which means the
heat of the entire oven becomes greatly under control.
Variations both of form & material for the oven and flues may be made without
departing from the peculiar character of the invention, which consists of the
employment in both single, and what are known as "decker" ovens for baking
purposes, of flues of such a character that in combination with dampers the heat
may be directed to different parts of the oven; and also of the employment of an
air flue or flues for the purpose of screening the heat of the furnace when
required.
"
1001
WILLIAM GADD,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester,
Agent.

page_text: I, WILLIAM FREDERICK MASON, of Longsight, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OVENS FOR BAKING PURPOSES," and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The improvements relate to both single and what are known as "decker" ovens
for baking purposes, and consist of a special arrangement of flues combined with
dampers for the purpose of directing the heat of the furnace or fire to that portion
of the oven where it is required for the time being, together with an arrangement
of a flue or flues for the admission of cold air to check the heat when the same is
too great.
To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, I construct the oven in either
one, two, three, or more tiers or "decks" each of which may be provided with the
usual appliances in the way of doors, carriages &c and of any suitable material or
form.
Over each tier or deck, and likewise underneath each tier or deck, or some of
them, runs a flue, or it may be flues communicating with the furnace or fire,
through which flue or flues pass the products of combustion on their way to the
chimney; whereby when the flue or flues are open from end to end, the heat will
pass both under and over each of the tiers or decks of the oven.
Each length of flue is provided with a damper or dampers in such manner that
the heat may be shut out of any one, or any number of them; by which means it
may be possible to heat either the top or bottom, or both top and bottom of any
seperate tier or deck, or combination of tiers or decks of the oven, or the whole of
the heat may be caused to pass direct to the chimney, thus shutting off the heat
from the oven altogether.
I construct the air flue or flues between the furnace and the oven, or between
the furnace and the first tier or deck thereof, so as to enable a screen of cold air to
be formed at this point, when the heat becomes too great; by which means, the
heat of the entire oven becomes greatly under control.
Variations both of form and material for the oven and flues may be made
without departing from the peculiar character of the invertion, which consists of
the employment in both single and what are known as "Zecker" ovens for baking
purposes, of flues of such a character that in combination with dampers the heat
may be directed to different parts of the oven; and also of the employment of an
air flue or flues for the purpose of screening the heat of the furnace when
required.
But that the improvements may be better understood I will by the aid of the
accompanying drawings proceed more fully to describe means employed by me.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1. shews a longitudinal section, Fig. 2. A. front elevation, and Fig. 3. A. back
view partly in transverse section and partly in elevation, of a two decker oven
arranged in accordance with my invention. The same letters indicate corresponding

page_text: one, or any number, or all of the tiers or decks of ovens. e, e, are the air flues for
the purpose of admitting the screen of cold air to such parts of the oven as may be
desired.
The arrows shew the direction of the heated gasses when it is desired to pass
them through the whole length of the flue or flues.
Variations in detail may be adopted without departing from the peculiar
character of my invention and only one or more than two decks of ovens may be
used, and any special or ordinary fittings may be applied thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
I declare that what I claim is:
1st The employment of a flue or flues in connection with what are known as
"decker" ovens for baking purposes whether single, double, or multiple, of such a
character that in combination with suitable dampers the heat is capable of being
directed to any desired portion of the oven or ovens, substantially as shown and
described.
2nd The employment, in combination with the foregoing, of air flues or an air
flue for the purpose of screening the heat from such portions of the oven or ovens
as may be desired, substantially as shewn and described.
⚫ WILLIAM GADD,
64, Barton Arcade, Manchester.