THE MANUFACTURE OF VARNISHES, PAINTS, AND OTHER LIKE COMPOSITIONS, AND IN THE BOILING OF OIL TO BE USED THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Miles Williams at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1877.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
MILES WILLIAMS, of Wigan, in the County of Lancaster.
THE MANUFACTURE OF VARNISHES, PAINTS, AND OTHER LIKE COMPOSITIONS, AND
IN THE BOILING OF OIL TO BE USED THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates more particularly to the manufacture of varnishes or paints,
but it is also applicable to the boiling of oil to be used for other purposes, and to the
preparation of other compositions, and it consists in the employment, in substitution
for the ordinary open or direct fires or furnaces, of steam (superheated or otherwise),
or hot air, or other hented gases for "running" or melting the guins for boiling
oil, and generally for heating the gums, oils, spirits, and other ingredients employed
in the manufacture of varnishes or paints.
In preparing varnishes which can be manufactured at a temperature below 300°
Fahrenheit steam in its ordinary condition is sufficient, but for varnishes requiring a
higher degree of temperaturo superheated steam is employed.
The superheating may be effected and the steain applied in any suitable manner,
but when superheated steam is required I prefer to pass steam through a series of pipes,
chambers, or other superheater set in an oven of brickwork, or in any other suitable
heating chamber or furnace, and I raise the temperature to a degree exceeding 300°
Fahrenheit, or to nearly the melting point of such pipes or superheater, whereby
the temperature of the steam is increased, and I then conduct the steam thus super-
heated through pipes to double-cased or jacketted pans or pots of suitable shape and
dimensions for the before-mentioned purposes.
My Invention is applicable to the manufacture of any description of varnishes,
lacquers, japans, enamels, spirit varnishes, or mixtures of gums, oils, and spirits, also
of printers' inks and other like compositions, and to the boiling of oil to be used for
any required purpose.
By means of my Invention the following advantages are obtained :—
1st. A great saving of labour, as the pots or pans do not require to be removed
from the heat, as in the ordinary system.
2nd. An increase in the quantity of gum, which can be run or melted at one
operation.

page_text: 4th. Facility for controlling the heat, which can be applied or shut off instanta-
neously, like ordinary steam, and its degree regulated at will:
5th. Uniform heating over the whole surface of the pan or pot, so that the gums
and oils are not carbonized or discoloured by reason of the excessive heat at the
bottom of the pans, as in the ordinary system, and the loss or waste is diminished.
6th. A complete immunity from danger in the operation.
7th. Reduction in the wear and tear of the pans or pots.
Moreover by setting, say, 2 or 3 pans or pots in one battery in separate jackets or
steam chambers, having separate inlets and outlets for steam or heated air, the gums
can be run, the oil boiled, and the spirits heated, and the ingredients can be inter-
mixed or reboiled, and the varnish finished at one operation.