Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Nov., 1886
Complete Left, 29th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted. 4th Oct., 1887.
1, HENRY AUGUSTUS SCHLUND, of Aston Cross, Birmingham, in the county of
Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to further improvements in that class of breech
loading and magazine fire arms described in the Specification of my former Patent
No. 2937 dated the 5th day of March 1885, the object of the improvements being to
provide a magazine fire arm which while affording great facility for rapid loading and
firing with safety, shall be simple, strong, little liable to get out of order, capable of
being easily taken to pieces, for cleaning or otherwise and as the arm does not
sensibly recoil, accurate firing can be obtained even by inexperienced marksmen.
In carrying out my invention the barrel and breech bolt are enclosed and slide
within a fixed tubular casing as described in the Specification of my said former
Letters Patent. I also employ the return barrel spring which operates as in my said
former Patent, and the barrel is also provided with catches somewhat similar to a
screw thread but at right angles to the axis of the barrel. On the breech bolt is a
protection which when the recoil takes place comes against an incline on the tubular
casing causing the breech bolt to revolve and be thereby freed from the barrel when
the limit of recoil has been reached; a piece acting as a trigger and sliding at right
angles to the axis of the boli engages the end of the firing pin so as to retain the
breech bolt and action in the recoil position; the revolving of the breech bolt
compresses by means of cams the firing spring as in my said former patent but I now
employ as a sear a piece sliding at right angles to and engaging in a groove in the
firing pin. The breech bolt in revolving compresses a spring so arranged as to store
up energy to effect the locking of the bolt with the barrel when the bolt is returned
to close the breech of the barrel. In order to simplify the construction of the arm
I now arrange the return bolt spring in such a manner that it acts directly on
the bolt.
The arrangement for introducing the cartridges into the magazine and the
construction of my improved magazine are as follows:-
The magazine consists of a box open at the top the forward part forming the trigger
guard and the combined magazine and guard is so shaped and arranged as to allow

page_text: the arm to be carried on the shoulder without inconvenience and without the weight.
of the arin bearing on the magazine. The magazine is adapted to he adjusted from
the underside and may be said to form an integral part of the arm.
The cartridges are inserted in a line with the barrel by means of a hinged spring
flap placed in the stock at the rear end of the casing of the arm behind and above the
magazine the flap is hollowed and has a hook for the purpose hereinafter described;
the downward pressure of the fore end of the cartridge depresses the forward end of
the flap and the cartridge passes into the magazine, the said hook taking onto the rim
of the cartridge the bullet pointing forward; the insertion of another cartridge presses
down the cartridge first inserted and so on until the magazine is full. By this arrange-
ment it will be obvious that single cartridges can he introduced after each discharge
thus allowing the arm to be used as an ordinary breech loader whether the magazine
be full or not. The cartridges are kept pressed upward by a suitable spring.
By my arrangement the magazine is situated at a considerable distance behind the
seat of explosion for the purpose of safety and in order to convey the uppermost
cartridge forward ready to be passed into the barrel by the breech bolt, I provide
a carrier having suitable rollers running in grooves in the casing such carrier being
connected to the barrel by means of a pin in such a manner as to allow the carrier to
descend and rise for the purpose of bringing the cartridges up to the level of the barrel
and to ensure this rising and falling motion of the carrier the fore part of the said
grooves is inclined.
The parts of the arm being in the position for firing and the arm having been fired
the recoil carries back the barrel and breech bolt and the said pin of the barrel presses
back the carrier the rollers of which running down the said incline cause the carrier
to descend and enter the magazine so as to come between the two uppermost cartridges
therein. Lying in the carrier is a hook which engages the rim of the uppermost
cartridge and on the barrel again going forward the cartridge is pulled forward and
the inclines raise the carrier upward and it carries the cartridge into the position to
be inserted into the barrel as before.
The bolt is retained in its recoiled position as herein before described and a hook
extractor retains the exploded cartridge against the face of the bolt; the casing is
cut away sidewise and upwards opposite the position in which the exploded cartridge
now is and this is the only opening in the casing; this opening is of sufficient size to
allow the cartridge to pass through it and the extractor is placed opposite this opening
on the side of the breech bolt; the extractor is of such a shape as to embrace a part
of the breech bolt and as the next cartridge is forced upwards by the return motion
of the carrier, it forces the exploded carriage out of the breech.
The shape of the carrier such that it completely fills the opening under the barrel
(through which the cartridges pass) thus completing the tube in which the barrel and
bolt slide thereby shutting off direct communication with the magazine which is of
great advantage should an escape of powder gas occur at the breech.
The sliding
piece or trigger which retains the bolt is released by means of a piece moved by
the barrel the bolt now pushes the cartridge home into the chamber of the barrel, the
said chamber being conical as usual the fore part of the cartridge first rises and the
bolt continuing the pushing of the cartridge the head or rim of the cartridge rises
positively underneath the extractor which extractor is a fixture which is of importance;
the above named spring (compressed by the revolving of the bolt) is released on the
bolt and barrel coming together the bolt being thereby revolved and locked to the
barrel. A piece is provided which slides vertically in the guard or magazine and this
piece is depressed by the carrier in its backward downward movement and passes
under the back toe of the firing trigger a spiral spring causing this sliding piece to
follow the carrier in its upward forward movement until it again comes into contact
with the said toe of the firing trigger and at the moment the trigger is released' for
firing the gun the sliding piece passes upward until it nearly touches the base of the
carrier, which carrier has a hinged piece; the backward movement of the trigger
completes the upward movement of the vertical sliding piece which presses the hinged
piece through an opening in the carrier so that on the completion of the rotary

page_text: movement of the bolt the hinged piece will push the bolt sear and release the firing
pin thereby firing the gun.
It will be obvious from the foregoing description that no discharge of my improved
gun can take place until the parts of the arm are in their locked position thereb
avoiding the danger so common to many repeating arms.
The hereinbefore described vertical sliding piece after leaving the guard in its
upward movement will also effect the shutting off of the magazine thus affording
additional safety.
In case of a miss-fire the barrel is moved rearwards by means of an attachment in
the barrel operated by the hand instead of by the recoil of the gun; this attachment
also serves to operate the arm in order to allow of introducing the first cartridge and
the attachment is so arranged as to allow of it being operated when the gun is against
the shoulder of the firer.
Dated the 20th dow at Novambon 1000
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breech Loading and Magazine Fire-arms.
I, HENRY AUGUSTUS SCHLUND, of Aston Cross, Birmingham, in the county of
Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to further improvements in that class of breech
loading and magazine fire arms described in the specification of my former Patent
No. 2937 dated the 5th day of March 1885, the object of the improvements being to
provide a magazine fire arm which while affording great facility for rapid loading
and firing with safety, shall be simple, strong, little liable to get out of order, capable
of being easily taken to pieces for cleaning or otherwise and as the arm does not
sensibly recoil, accurate firing can be obtained even by inexperienced marksmen.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can
be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings in which
figures 1 and 2 represent a side and rear elevation respectively of a breechloading
magazine gun constructed according to my invention. Figure 2ª represents a
longitudinal vertical section of the same, the parts of the gun being in the position
they occupy at the moment the trigger has released the sear in order to fire.

page_text: Figures 3 to 11 represent transverse sections on the lines A B, C D, E F, GH, IJ,
K L M N O P and Q R respectively of figure 2. Figures 12 to 37 represent details
hereinafter described.
Similar reference letters indicate similar parts throughout the drawings.
h
d is
a is the barrel and b the breech bolt, the said bolt being shewn in detail in side
elevation and vertical section at figures 12 and 13. The said barrel and breech bolt
are enclosed and slide within a fixed tubular casing e as described in the specification
of my said former Letters Patent, the said casing being shewn in detail at figures 14
and 15 which are respectively right and left hand vertical sections of the same.
the return barrel spring which operates as in my said former Patent, and the
barrel a is also provided with catches e e somewhat similar to a screw thread but at
right angles to the axis of the barrel. The catches e, e serve to engage with similar
catches e, e, on the breech bolt b. is a projection on the breech bolt which when
the recoil takes place comes against an incline on the inside of the tubular
casing e as shewn in figure 15, the said incline causing the breech-bolt 6 to revolve
and be thereby freed from the barrel a when the limit of recoil has been reached ;
g is a sliding piece shewn in detail at figures 16 to 20 which are respectively a rear
elevation, front elevation, edge view, and end views, the said piece acting as a trigger
and sliding in a slot at the end of the casing cat right angles to the axis of the
bolt engages the end of the firing pin (shewn in detail elevation at figure 21) so
as to retain the breech bolt b and action in the recoil position; the revolving of the
breech bolt compresses by means of cams ii the firing spring ; as in my said
former patent the said cams being shewn in detail in figures 22 to 25 which
represent respectively front, rear, and side elevations and vertical section of the same.
k is a piece acting as a sear and sliding at right angles to and engaging in a groove
in the firing pin h, the said piece k being shewn in detail at figure 26 which represents
an elevation of the same. The breech bolt in revolving winds up a coil spring m
for the purpose of storing up energy to effect the locking of the bolt with the
barrel a when the holt is returned to close the breech of the barrel as hereinafter
described. The spring m is arranged in a groove n in the breech block bone end
being attached to the said breech block and the other to a piece o sliding in a
groove p in the casing c. is a spring sliding catch shewn in detail elevation at
figure 27 and arranged in the breech bolt b so as to engage with the piece o when the
bolt has rotated so as to be disengaged from the barrel a when recoiling. One end of
the said catch projects so that when the bolt on its return movement meets the barrel
the end of the barrel also strikes and pushes in the said catch thereby releasing the
spring m which rotates the bolt so as to lock it within the barrel. is the return
bolt spring which I arrange in such a manner that it acts directly on the bolt b.
The arrangement for introducing the cartridges into the magazine and the
construction of my improved magazine are as follows:-
is the magazine which is shewn in detail at figures 28 to 30 which represent a
vertical section, plan and end view. The said magazine consists of a box open at the
top the forward part forming the trigger guard's and the combined magazine and
guard is shaped and arranged so as to allow the arm to be carried on the shoulder
without inconvenience and without the weight of the arm
bearing on the said
magazine. The magazine is adapted to be adjusted from the underside and may be
said to form an integral part of the arm.
t is a hinged spring flap by which the cartridges are inserted in a line with the
barrel a, the said flap being shewn in detail at figures 31 to 33 which represent
respectively a vertical section, a plan and end view. The said flap is placed in the
stock at the rear end of the casing c of the arm behind and above the magazine ?;
the flap is hollowed and has a spring hook for the purpose hereinafter described;
when inserting a cartridge the downward pressure of the fore end of the same
depresses the forward end of the flap t and the cartridge passes into the magazine r,
the said hook v taking onto the rim of the cartridge, the bullet pointing forward; the
insertion of another cartridge presses down the cartridge first inserted and so on until
the magazine is full. By this arrangement it will be obvious that single cartridges

page_text: can be introduced after each discharge thus allowing the arm to be used as an
ordinary breech loader whether the magazine be full or not: c is a spring by which
the cartridges are kept pressed upward in the magazine r.
By this arrangement the magazine is situated at a considerable distance behind the
seat of explosion for the purpose of safety and in order to convey the uppermost
cartridge forward ready to be passed into the barrel a by the breech bolt 6; x is a
carrier or cradle which I provide shewn in detail at figures 34 and 35, which
represent respectively a plan and side elevation. The said carrier has suitable
rollers, y running in grooves in the casing c and is connected to the barrel a
by means of links a so as to allow the carrier to descend and rise for the purpose
of bringing the cartridges up to the level of the barrel a and to ensure this rising
and falling motion of the carrier the fore parts of the said grooves ==
are inclined.
=
The parts of the arm being in the position for firing and the arm having been, fired
the recoil carries back the barrel a', and breech bolt b, and the said links a', a', of
the barrel press back the carrier, the rollers y. y, of which running down the said
inclines, cause the carrier to descend and enter the magazine r, so as to come
between the two uppermost cartridges therein. Lying in the carrier a, is a hook b¹,
which engages the rim of the uppermost cartridge and on the barrel a, again going
forward the cartridge is pulled forward and the inclines, ¹, cause the carrier to rise
upwards and carry the cartridge into the position to be inserted into the barrel a.
The bolt is retained in its recoiled position as herein before described and c¹, is the
hook extractor which extracts and retains the exploded cartridge against the face of
the bolt the casing c, is cut away as shown at d, opposite the position in which the
exploded cartridge now is and this is the only opening in the said casing; this opening
is of sufficient size to allow the cartridge to pass through it and the extractor c', is
placed opposite this opening on the side of the breech bolt ; the extractor is of the
shape shewn so as to embrace a part of the breech bolt b, and as the next cartridge is
forced upwards by the return motion of the carrier .c, it forces the exploded cartridge
out of the breech.
The shape of the carriera, is such that it completely fills the opening under the
barrel a, through which the cartridges pass, thus completing the tube in which the
barrel and holt b, slide, thereby shutting off direct communication with the magazine r,
which is of great advantage should an escape of powder gas occur at the breech. The
sliding piece or trigger gl, which retains the bolt b, is released by means of the barrel.
For this purpose I provide a bar e', shewn in detail at figures 36 and 37 which
represent a side elevation and plan respectively. This bar slides in a groove f¹, in the
casing c. This bar is provided with a groove h², with which engages one of the
rollers y, of the carrier, when the said carrier is completing its forward movement
by means of the barrel, the said movement causing the bar e¹, to move slightly forward
and by means of an incline i, on its rear end to move the sliding piece g¹, so as to
release the bolt b; the bolt b, now pushes the cartridge home into the chamber of the
barrel, the said chamber being conical as usual, the fore part of the cartridge first
rises and the bolt continuing the pushing of the cartridge the head or rim of the
cartridge rises positively underneath the extractor c', which extractor is a fixture
forming a portion of the bolt which is of importance; the spring m (wound up by
the revolving of the bolt b.) is released on the bolt and barrel coming together the bolt
being thereby revolved and locked to the barrel as hereinbefore described; l, is a
spring piece which I provide and which slides vertically in the guard s, and this piece
is depressed by the carrier a, in its backward downward movement and passes under
the back toe m', of the firing trigger n¹; a spiral spring o³, causing this sliding piece l³,
to follow the carrier e, in its upward forward movement until it again comes into
contact with the said toe m¹, of the firing trigger n¹, and at the moment the trigger
is released for again firing the gun the sliding piece, passes upward until it nearly
touches the base of the carrier, which carrier has a hinged piece p'; the backward
movement of the trigger n', completes the upward movement of the vertical sliding
piece, which presses the hinged piece p', through an opening in the carrier r, so
3

page_text: that on the completion of the rotary movement of the bolt b, the hinged piece p', will
push the bolt sear k and release the firing pin h, thereby firing the gun.
It will be obvious from the foregoing description that no discharge of my improved
gun can take place until the parts of the arm are in their locked position thereby
avoiding the danger so common to many repeating arms.
The hereinbefore described vertical sliding piece l', after leaving the guard s, in its
upward movement will also effect the shutting off of the magazine thus affording
additional safety.
In case of a miss-fire the barrel is moved rearwards by means of an attachment g³,
on the barrel a, operated by the hand instead of by the recoil of the gun, the said
attachment being first turned into the position shewn by the dotted lines in figure 10:
this attachment 7, also serves to operate the arm in order to allow of introducing the
first cartridge and the attachment is so arranged as to allow of it being operated when
the gun
is against the shoulder of the firer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a magazine breech loading fire arm of the kind herein referred to, placing the
magazine underneath and behind the guard, of which it forms a part, as and for the
purpose herein before described.
2. In a magazine breech loading fire arm of the kind herein referred to, the use of
a piece such as k, acting as a sear, in combination with a groove in the firing pin as
hereinbefore described.
3. In a magazine breech loading fire arm of the kind herein referred to, the cradle
or carrier constructed, arranged and operating as and for the purposes herein before
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a magazine breech loading fire arm of the kind herein referred to, the hinged
spring flap with its hook for causing the cartridges to be inserted in the magazine in a
line with the barrel, arranged and operating substantially as herein before described
and illustrated in the drawings.
5. In a magazine breech loading fire arm of the kind herein referred to, the
combination with a projection on the breech holt of an incline on the inside of the
tubular casing for causing the breech bolt to revolve, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. In a magazine breech loading fire arm of the kind herein referred to, a sliding
piece acting as a trigger and engaging the end of the firing pin so as to retain the
breech bolt and action in the recoil position as hereinbefore described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
7. In a magazine breech loading fire arm mechanism substantially as hereinbefore
described for automatically delivering the cartridges from the magazine to the
breech.
8. The construction of parts forming the improved magazine breech loading fire
arm hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 29th day of August 1887.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.