AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A MACHINE CALLED A MANGLE
Year: 1823

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WARCUP, of Dartford, in the County of Kent, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Third day of April now last past, did, for Himself, His
heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Warcup,
His especial licence, that I, the said William Warcup, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Warcup,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A MACHINE CALLED
A MANGLE;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me,
the said William Warcup, by an instrument in writing under my band and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same
to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited

page_text: Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Warcup, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained as follows, that is to say:-
The nature of my Invention consists in the employment of a roller some-
what similar to the rollers used for mangling clothes in the mangles in
common use, which said roller, having a sufficient weight appended thereto,
and having the clothes to be mangled, together with a wrapper or mangling
cloth, such as is in common use for mangling clothes, wound round or upon
the said roller with the clothes thereon, is made to lie and turn upon
the upper and concave or hollow surface of a portion or segment of a
cylinder in such a manner that the weight appended to the said roller
causes the clothes to be compressed between the under surface of the said
roller and the upper surfaco of the said segment of a cylinder. The
length of the said segment corresponds, or is nearly equal, to the length
of the said roller. The absolute length of both the said segment and
roller I vary at pleasure, just as mangle makers vary the width of their
mangles. The axis of the cylinder, of which the said segment would form a
part, and the axis of the said roller, must be parallel to each other, for the
obvious reason of giving a uniformity of pressure to the clothes throughout
the length of said roller and segment, or to such extent of the said length as
may happen to be occupied by the said clothes. The aforesaid roller and
segment are placed in connection with other machinery and framework (which
I shall herein-after describe) in such a manner that the said roller is free to
turn upon its axis, and at liberty to rise and fall, whilst at the same time it
is prevented from any lateral or horizontal motion; that is, to whatever height
the said roller may be raised, whether less or more above the surface of the
said segment on account of the variable thickness of the clothes, which may
at any time be wrapped round or be upon the said roller, the axis of the said
roller is always in the same vertical plane. If the aforesaid roller having
clothes wrapped round it be laid upon the aforesaid segment in the position
and under the circumstances herein-before described, and the aforesaid
segment of a cylinder be suspended, so as to be free to move backward
and forward round an axis, the said axis being at equal distance from
every part of the upper surface of the said segment, the aforesaid roller will be
made to turn; and if the motion of the said segment in one direction be con-
tinued until the said roller has been turned once completely round, the whole

page_text: of the clothes will have been exposed to the action of the pressure between
the roller and the surface of the segment; and if the segment be again moved
in the opposite direction to the same extent, the clothes will have undergone a
second pressure, and thus by continuing the backward and forward motion of
the segment as often as is found necessary, the clothes will become less or
more glazed, or will assume the appearance of having undergone the common
process of mangling.
of
Having thus, as clearly as I am able to do so by words, described the nature
my Invention, I will now proceed more particularly to describe and ascer-
tain the machinery I employ in carrying my said Invention into effect. The
manner of constructing the said machinery, and of using the same for the
purpose of mangling clothes, that is to say:-I have annexed to this Specifi-
cation or description of my said Invention three Sheets of Drawings, and have
distinguished each Sheet by marking thereon respectively, Sheet No. 1,
Sheet No. 2, and Sheet No. 3.
In Sheet No. 1, I have delineated eleven different views of several of the
parts of the aforesaid machinery, marked Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and so on to Fig. 11..
The whole of the said Figures are drawn to a scale of three inches to one.
foot; on the Sheet No. 2 I have represented seven other or additional views.
of the aforesaid machinery, or of parts thereof; and in the Sheet No. 3, [
have exhibited seven different views of the aforesaid machinery in a more
combined state, or in that state in which the different parts would be placed
in relation to each other, so as to render them operative and fit to be applied.
to the purpose and use herein-before described, namely, the mangling of
clothes. The machine so constituted I shall denominate my improved mangle.
In the last-mentioned Sheet No. 3, Fig. 1, 2, 3, and so on to Fig. 7, are
drawn to a scale of one inch and a half to a foot; and I would here premise,
that throughout the whole of the Figures in the aforesaid three Sheets of
Drawings I have employed the same letters or figures of reference to designate
the same thing or the same part of the aforesaid machinery wherever it was
found practicable and convenient so to do; and in the following description of
my said Invention, or improved mangle, I shall refer to the several parts
thereof, as represented in the several Drawings in the aforesaid Sheets by
means of the said letters or figures of reference.
In Sheet No. 1, Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a roller with the cloths to be
mangled, and the mangling cloth wrapped round the same with a part of the
segment of a cylinder. R is the roller. B, B, the said segment. Fig. 2 is a
view of the said roller with clothes, and mangling cloth wrapped round the
same; the ends of the said roller are seen at R, R. The said roller may be

page_text: .marle of any fit material, but I prefer making it of some close-grained and
hard species of wood, capable of receiving a smooth and polished surface,
as lignum vitæ, boxwood, Spanish mahogany, hornbeam, or beach, and on
account of their more moderate price I prefer the two last, such being
usually employed by the makers of common mangles. Through the axis of the
said roller I fix, by wedges or otherwise, an iron axle, the bearings of which
are shewn at each end of the said roller at a, a. On each end of the said
roller I-drive or fix a brass or iron hoop, as shewn at b and b, each of the said
hoops having an edge rim projecting from the same, as shewn by the Drawing.
Upon one end of the axle of the said roller I fix the cross bar or handle c,. c,
by which the clothes.and mangling cloth may be conveniently wound upon the
said roller. Fig. 3 is a sectional view, and Fig. 4 is a bird's-eye view, of the
aforesaid segment of a cylinder with the axle upon which it moves, and the
iron arms by means of which it is suspended, together with the double circular
rack and pinion by which the said segment is made to move backwards and
forwards. J and J is a wrought-iron axle, by which the said segment is sus-
pended on each side of the said axle, as in Fig. 4. I fix the arms A, A, A,
and A, A, A, which I make of cast iron. In. Fig. 3 one of the said arms is
indicated by A, A. To the circular or lower part of each of the said arms I
attach or affix the wooden segment B, B, by screws or rivets; the said wooden
segment, for convenience sake, I construct of several pieces of plank, jointed
closely to each other, as shewn by the red lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, in Fig. 3, and by
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, in Fig. 4. In Fig. 3 the ends of the segment B, B, are seen
resting upon a rim projecting from the circular or lower part of the arms A, A.,
as at 1 and 2, in the said Fig. 5; and I cause the said segment to be firmly
attached or fixed to each of the aforesaid arms A, A, by screws or rivets made
to pass through holes previously made in the projecting rims 1 and 2, and into
or through the wooden planks which compose the aforesaid segment. By a
careful attention to the Figs. 3, 4, and 5, in Sheet No. 1, and of the
Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, in Sheet No. 3, the manner of constructing the said
seginent, its arms and axle, as well as the form and dimensions of the whole,
will be sufficiently understood, and therefore do not require a more detailed or
particular description. To the lower part of the said segment and near the
middle thereof I affix a double circular. toothed rack, the form and construction
of which, the manner of connecting the same to the said segment, and of
giving motion thereto in a backward and forward direction, I will endeavour to
describe as follows; that is to say:-I make the said rack of brass, cast iron, or
other metal, but I prefer cast iron. The teeth of the said rack are shewn at
d, d, d, d, in Fig. 3, at d, d, in Fig. 5, and at d, d, in Fig. 8, in Sheet No. 1.

page_text: CL
wo portions of the rack, as shewn in Fig. 3, at d, d, and d, d, may be
red as segments of two wheels concentric with each other, and also with
the wooden segment B, B, the teeth in the upper portion of the said rack pro-
jecting downwards in a radiant direction from the axle J, and the teeth upon
the lower portion of the said rack being made to project upwards, or in
a radiant direction towards the axle J. The aforesaid portions of rack are
made continuous by two semicircular portions, at each end thereof, as at
e and e, in Fig. 3. The teeth in the semicircular ends at e and e project
inwards, or in a radiant direction towards each of the centres of the said semi-
circles, as at f and f, thus forming a continuous circuit of teeth as is suffi-
ciently apparent by the Drawing. In Fig. 5, C, C, is a section of the rack,
from which delineation the form of the rack will be clearly understood; d, d,
are the teeth projecting inwards from the sides; i,i, is the back of the said
rack. a, f, in the said Fig. 5, and f, f, in Fig. 8, represent a circular rib
cast upon and projecting from the aforesaid back, the rib f, f, being con-
centric with and midway between the two portions of the rack d, d, and d, d.
In Fig. 5, P is a pinion fixed upon the end of the axle E, the end of the
axle E is made to project through or beyond the pinion P, so as to reach
nearly to the back of the rack i, i.
In Fig. 3 the dotted lines at P represent another view of the same pinion,
the teeth of which said pinion take into or work in the teeth of the rack. In
Fig. 5, the end of the axle E, which is made to project beyond the end of the
pinion P, is shewn to be on the upper side of the rib f, and so long as it
continues to be on the upper side thereof it is borne up thereby, and the teeth
of the pinion P will continue to work or take into the teeth upon the upper
portion of the rack. The other end of the axle E is made forked, as is shewn
in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, which forked end is inserted into two holes made in the
side of the wheel W, also seen in Figs. 5, 6, 7; but the manner of inserting the
same into the said holes is more clearly shewn in Fig, 6, where a section of
the wheel W is represented. In Figs. 5, 6, and 7, 9, 9, 9, represent a bearing
turned upon the axle E; and h, in Fig. 5, represents a part of a forked brass,
the form of which said brass h, and the manner of fixing the same, will be clearly
understood by inspecting the Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 6, in Sheet No. 2. The bearing g
of the axle E, as shewn in Fig. 5 in Sheet No. 1, lies or works between the
5 forked sides of the brass h, and is thus prevented from moving to either side,
but is free to move upwards and downwards, so as to allow of the teeth of the
pinion P being made to work into the teeth of the rack, either
the upper
upon
or under side thereof, and thereby giving motion to the said rack, and to the said
segment B, B, to which the rack is attached, as herein-before described. The

page_text: forked end of the axle E, being inserted in the manner herein-before described,
answers the purpose of a universal joint, so as that whilst a rotary motion
is given to the wheel W, a similar motion is given to the axle E, and at the
same time admits of the ascent or descent of the end of the said axle E, upon
which the pinion P is fixed, without any material alteration in the angular
motion of the said pinion.
In Figs. 5, 6, and 7, of Sheet No. 1, K, K, K, represent a pinion whose
teeth take or work into those of the wheel W. D, D, D, the axle upon which
the said pinion is hung or fixed. F, F, in Fig. 5, is a fly wheel or a sectional
view thereof, which fly wheel is also fixed upon the said axle D; and H is the
handle by which the said fly wheel may be turned.
.
.
In Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, Sheet No. 1, are represented different views of the cast-
iron carriage which supports the axle D and the wheel W, as shewn at G, G.
By an inspection of these last-mentioned Figures it will be seen that the
axle D has its bearings resting on the said carriage G, and that the wheel W
is made to turn upon a pin passing through the centre of the said wheel,
said pin being firmly fixed to the carriage G, as at k, k, k, k.
In Figs. 5, 8, and 10 of Sheet No. 1, and in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 of Sheet
No. 2, and the Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, 5, 6, 7, of Sheet No. 3, is shewn the upper
part of the wooden framework L. Upon this framework, and at each end
thereof, I place a triangularly shaped carriage I, and which is seen in all the
aforesaid Figures. The aforesaid triangular carriages I, I, are made to
support the axle J of the segment B, and also other parts of the machinery
herein-after to be described. It will also be seen, by inspecting the Drawings,
that the carriage G is fixed upon the base plate of the carriage I, so as that
the said two carriages are held in firm connection with each other. The upper
part of each of the carriages I terminates in a forked bearing, in which the
ends of the axle J rest.
From an inspection of the several Figures in the aforesaid Sheets,
and from the description herein-before given, it will be clearly understood,
that if the fly wheel F be turned by the handle H, the pinion K, the
wheel W, and the pinion P, will also be put into motion, and that motion
will also be communicated to the rack C by the pinion P; and that if the said
motion be continued, one or other of the ends of the rack C will be made to
approach the pinion P, that one of the ends of the rib f, f, will be made to
pass beyond the projecting end of the axle E, and that in this situation the
teeth of the pinion P will take into or work in the teeth in one of the semi-
.circular ends of the said rack C in such a manner that the projecting end of
the axle E must of necessity be carried round the end of the rib f,f, to the

page_text: opposite or under side of the said rib; and it is manifest that if the motion of
the said pinion P be continued, the rack will then begin to move in the
opposite direction, and continue to move therein until the other end of the
said rack arrives at the pinion P; the pinion becomes again elevated into its
former position and again reverses the motion of the rack. By this means
the alternating or backward and forward motion of the segment B, B, and
the roller R revolving therein, may be continued as long as is found necessary
to mangle the clothes. The rack C, C, C, is fastened to the segment B, by
means of screws passing through the projecting pieces or flanches of the said
rack, as shewn at c, c, in Fig. 5, c, c, c, in Fig. 3, and c, c, c, c, c, c, in
Fig. 4.
In order to produce a sufficient degree of pressure upon the clothes to be
mangled between the surface of the said roller R, and the said segment B, B,
I place a bearing brass over each end of the said roller R, as represented at
m, m, in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, in Sheet No. 2; the form of which said brass will
be better understood by inspecting the three Drawings thereof in Fig. 8
in the last-mentioned Sheet.
In Figures 2, 4, and 6, of Sheet No. 2, n, n, are two levers, having one end
of each fixed by a pin to the carriages I, I, at o, o, in such a manner that the
said levers shall be free to turn upon the said pins, whilst the opposite ends
p, p, of the said levers have a motion upwards or downwards. The form and
figure of the said levers will be better understood by inspecting the Drawings
at p, o, and p, o, of Fig. 8 in Sheet No. 2. The projecting pieces 9, 9, of the
said levers are made to rest upon one of the brasses m, m, as shewn in
Figs. 2, 4, and 6, of Sheet No. 2, so as that when a weight is appended to the
ends p, p, of the said levers, the said weight may be made to operate upon the
axle a of the roller R. I must here observe, that I place two such levers in
the before-mentioned manner upon each of the said carriages 1, I, so that
there are two levers applied to each end of the said roller R; each of the
brasses m, is fitted to and made to slide upwards and downwards between the
two checks, r, r,. of the carriage I, and the bearings a of the roller Rare
made to turn in the lower side of the brasses m, so that neither the brasses m
nor the roller R may have any lateral motion.
S, S, in Figs. 9 and 10, Sheet No. 1, and Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, in Sheet
No. 2, and in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, of Sheet No. 3, denote a rectangular
wooden box, capable of containing about three hundredweight of stones or any
other heavy material. The boards or planks of which the bottom of the said.
box is composed are made to project beyond the said box at each end thereof,
as is shewn in Fig. 3 and 5, in Sheet No. 2, and near to each corner of.

page_text: the said box, and through the projecting parts of the said planks, I make
four holes, as shewn at s, 8, s, s, in Figures 3 and 5, and, at 8, 8, in
Fig. 4, in Sheet No. 2, which said holes are so situated as to be immediately
below or underneath the ends p of the before-mentioned levers, n, n, n, n,
when the box S, S, stands below the mangle, as shewn in Fig. 3, 4, and 6, in
Sheet No. 2, and in several of the Figures in Sheet No. 3.
In Sheet No. 2, in Fig. 3, t, t, t, t, are four wrought-iron rods, two of which
arė also seen at t, t, in Fig. 4; and in Sheet No. 3, the same rods are denoted
by t, t, t, &c., in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The upper end of each of the said
four rods is fastened to the end p of one of the levers n, by a joint, as is shewn
by the Drawing. Of the lower end of each of the said four rods, I attach a
piece of rope or a few links of a chain; but I prefer the chain, as is shewn in the
Drawings; and the lower end of each of the said pieces of chain is fastened to
the bottom of the box, through the holes s, s, by a screw bolt or otherwise, as
is shewn in Figs. 3 and 4; at 5, s, &c., in Sheet No. 2. The reason why I
employ a piece of rope or chain in conjunction with the iron rods t, t, is that the
flexibility of the said rope or chain may permit of the aforesaid box S, S, being
lifted up, without at the same time raising the rods t, t. It will be apparent by
the description as herein-before given, and by inspection of the Drawings, that
the said box must be so borne up by the chains and rods t, t, as to cause an
equal weight or pressure upon each of the levers n, n, and consequently an
equal weight upori each end of the mangling roller R.
In Figs. 8, 9, and 10, of Sheet No. 1, and in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7, in
'Sheet No. 2, and in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, in Sheet No. 3, I have delineated
the frame of my said improved mangle, and in each of the said last-mentioned
Figures I have shewn some of the parts of the said frame in such a männer
that no competent workman, on examining the aforesaid Drawings or Figures,
can fail of understanding the manner in which the said frame is constructed;
the several parts thereof being denoted by the letters N, N, N, &c., and
therefore do not require further description, more than to state that the frame
L, L, &c., as herein-before described, stands or is fixed upon the top of the
frame N, N, as is also clearly shewn by the Drawings.
In Fig. 9, Sheet No. 1, Q, Q, is an iron bar extending from one side of the
box to the other, and passing through the sides thereof in an horizontal
direction; the said bar is immediately over or above the middle of the box, or
immediately over or above the centre of gravity of the box S and its contents.
The situation of the said bar is shewn in Fig. 9 at Q, Q, and in Fig. 10 at Q
where the end of the said bar is shewn, and the manner of fastening it through
the sides of the box will be clearly understood by a reference to the said Figures.

page_text: In Fig. 9, 0, 0, and in Fig. 10, O, is a shaft or spindle made of iron or
wood, but it is in these Figures represented as being made of wood. Upon
the said spindle O there are two round parts or bearings as at 1 and 2 in
Fig. 9, which said bearings are made to rest upon and turn in the side pieces of
the frame N, N. I make one end of the said spindle O to project beyond the
side of the frame N and the bearing Q, and upon the said projecting end I fix
the iron lever V, V, as shewn in Figs. 9 and 10. Upon the said spindle
or axle O I place the two wheels T, T, as shewn in the last of the aforesaid
Figures. I have also represented in Fig. 9 two chains U, U, U,U, one of which
said chains is also shewn at U, U, in Fig. 10. The upper end of each of the
said chains is fastened to the outside of each of the wheels T, T, one chain to
each wheel, and the lower end of each of the said chaius is fastened to the bar
Qin the box S, in such a manner that the box may be raised or lowered by
turning the handle or lever V.
In Fig. 10 the dotted lines V, V, represent the lever in a nearly vertical
position, and the dotted lines 2, 2, and 4, 4, in the same Figure, indicate the
situation in which the top and bottom respectively of the said box S would be
in when the said lever V was in the position represented by the dotted lines.
When the box S is required to be raised the outer end of the lever V is
brought down from the vertical to the horizontal position, as shewn at V, V;
in Figs. 9 and 10. To the side of the frame N, I affix a spring catch X, X,
of the form and in the manner described in Figs. 9, 10, and 11, so that, when
the aforesaid lever V is brought down into the horizontal position, and the box
S thereby raised, the projecting part of the spring catch springs forward over
the lever V and retains the said lever in that position until it becomes
again necessary to lower the box S.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 7, Sheet No. 2, Y, Y, is a wooden axle, the ends
of which are made to rest upon and turn in two bearings made in the
crosspieces at the bottom of the frame N, N; into the axle Y I fix the two
radiant pieces of wood j,j, one near each end of the said axle, as shown in
Figure 7, into the said axle Y, and on the opposite side thereof I also fix the
wooden treadle z, as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, and 7.
In Fig. 7 and 1, 1, 1, and I, 1, 1, 1, are two iron rods resting upon or attached
to the ends of tlie picces j, j, by a bolt passing through the end of each
of the wooden pieces j, j, and also through an eye or hole in the lower
end of each of the said iron bars 1, 1. The upper ends of the said bars 1, 1,
are made to pass through holes in the base plate of the herein-before
mentioned triangularly shaped carriages I, I, as is clearly shewn in the
sectional Drawing, Fig. 1.

page_text: In the said Sheet No. 2, w, w, in Fig. 1, are two brasses, one of
which is seen at w, in Fig. 2, fitted into and made to slide between the two
upright cheeks r,r, and the said brasses w, w, lie immediately below the
bearings a, a, of the roller R, in such a manner that if the brasses u, w, be
pushed upwards by means of the treadle z and the upright bars 1, l, the roller
R will be raised from off the segment B, B. From the nature of the opera-
tion of mangling clothes it becomes necessary, whenever such clothes are to be
wrapt round the roller R, that the said roller should be free to turn, so as to
perform that operation with facility; and it is also necessary, after such clothes
have been mangled, that equal facility be given for their removal from the
said roller R. From the description I have herein-before given of the axle
Y, the pieces j, j, attached to the said axle, the treadle Z, the iron
bars 1,, the brasses w, w, and by an inspection of the Figs. 1, 2, and 7, in
Sheet No. 2, and of Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, of Sheet No. 3, in which said Figures
the aforesaid parts are distinctly represented by different views thereof, they
cannot fail to be clearly understood.
I have herein-before described my improved mangle as consisting of several
parts, the chief of which are the following:-
First, the roller R and the segment B, by which the mangling operation is
more immediately effected.
Secondly, the various parts of the machinery which allow of the segment
having communicated to it the alternating or backward and forward motion
herein-before described, such as the axle J, the arms A, A, and the car-
riages I, I, supporting the same, &c.
Thirdly, the machinery employed for producing the said alternating motion,
such as the rack, c, c, the pinion D, the axle E, the wheels W and K, the
fly wheel F, with its axle D, and handle H, the carriages G, G, &c.
Fourthly, the manner of applying a weight to the roller R. by means of the
box S, the rods and chains t, t, the levers n, n, and brasses m, m.
Fifthly, the manner of raising the box S, S, by means of the lever V, the
axle O, the wheel T, and the chains U, U, &c., as also the manner of
retaining and holding up the said box and weight by means of the spring
catch X.
Sixthly, the manner of raising the roller R from off the segment B by
means of the treadle Z, the axle Y, the picces j, j, the rods I, I, and the
brasses w, w.
I shall now proceed to describe the manner in which I use my said
improved mangle; but before doing so I would refer to Figs. 3 and 4, in
Sheet No. 3, in which said Figure 1, 2 and 3, in Fig. 4, and 3 and 4, in

page_text: Fig. 3, are parts herein-before described. 1, 2, in Fig. 4, is a sectional view of
a plank or board similar to the flap or leaf of a table, having one of its edges
at 1 attached to the frame N, N, of the machine by hinges, so as that the said
flap may be raised into the position, as shewn at 1, 2, in Fig. 4, or be made to
turn down into a vertical position close to the side of the frame. 3 and 4, in
Fig. 3, are two folding brackets also turning upon hinges similar to the folding
brackets used in tables, and they are here employed for the purpose of sup-
porting the said flap when up in the position at 1, 2, as shewn in Fig. 4,
in which said Figure the bracket 3 is shewn as standing out from the
frame N, N; and in Fig. 3, both the brackets 3 and 4 are shewn as lying
flat upon the face of the said frame, or in that position in which they would
be placed when the flap 1, 2, was let down. The flap is not shewn in Fig. 3,
as it would have obscured a part of the machinery of the mangle; nor is the
omission thereof of much consequence, as it is only necessary to state that the
flap is employed for the purpose of spreading out the mangling cloth thereon
when it is drawn from the roller R, and upon which said cloth the clothes to
be mangled may thereby be more conveniently laid. I therefore make the
length of the said flap nearly equal to the length of the roller R. It will be
seen, by inspecting Fig. 4, that the flap which I have just described and the end
of the treadle Z, are both placed on the same side of the machine, so that the
person employed to put the clothes upon the roller R, or to take them off the
same, may, whilst he is so doing, place his foot upon the treadle Z, and thereby
raise up the roller R from off the segment B; and when the roller R is so
raised it may be turned by the handle c, c, so as to wrap the clothes upon the
said roller, and will permit of its being turned in the contrary direction to take
them off the same. Preparatory to using the mangle the lever V must be
brought down from the vertical to the horizontal position, in order, as has
herein-before been described, to raise the box S, and thereby relieve the
weight from the roller R. The flap 1, 2, being raised, the treadle Z must be
pressed down so as to raise the roller R; one end of the mangling cloth
must be introduced below the roller R, and made to wrap round the same
one or more turns, according to the length of the cloth, at the discretion of
the operator; the other end of the said cloth being then spread out smooth
upon the aforesaid flap. The clothes to be mangled must be placed or laid
upon the said cloth in the same manner as is done in common mangles. The
roller R being raised, the handles c, c, are to be turned round until the whole
of the mangling cloth, with the clothes thereon, be wrapt round the roller R,
which is then to be lowered by removing the foot from the treadle Z, and

page_text: the lever V is to be liberated from the catch X, and allowed to rise into the
vertical position, which means the weight in the box S is again made to
operate upon the roller R. The mangle is then to be put in motion by
turning the fly wheel F by the handle II, as before described. The motion
is to be continued until the clothes become properly niangled.
Lastly, I do declare that my Invention consists in the application of one or
two rollers, such as has herein-before been described, and as is represented in
the Drawings by the letter R, to the mangling of clothes, when such roller or
rollers is or ared used in conjunction with a segment of a cylinder of a con-
struction similar to that herein-before described, and as is represented in the
annexed Drawings by the letter B; and when the said roller or rollers R and
the segment B are made to perform the operation of mangling by giving an
alternating or backward and forward motion to the said segment B. The
aforesaid alternating motion may be produced or communicated to the said
segment B by hand, or by various other well-known mechanical expedients.
I therefore make no claim to the exclusive use of the rack or any other
part of the machinery (excepting the aforesaid roller or rollers R and
segment B, when employed in conjunction with each other, and in the manner
and for the purpose herein-before described. I have described the said
rack and other parts of the aforesaid machinery, because I have found
them of convenient application in producing the alternating motion herein-
before mentioned.
In Sheet No. 3, Figs. 5 & 6 are an end and sectional view of one of my
improved mangles, in which I employ two rollers at a time, as shewn at R, R,
in the sectional view Fig. 6. Fig. 7 is a bird's-eye view or plan of the
s.uid machine, but as the construction of such a machine differs but little from
that herein-before described, in which only one roller is used, and as the only
difference is in the situation of the two rollers R, R, and the manner of
applying the weight of the same by the levers n, n, the said difference will
be sufficiently understood by an inspection of the Figures 5 and 6, and I need
not be more particular in the description thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Warcup, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and twenty-three.
(L.S.) WILLIAM WARCUP.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Thirty-first day of May,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid William Warcup came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.