Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left., 31st Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 5th Feb., 1889
1, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS carrying on business under the firm or style
of Harris and Mills of 23 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to me from
abroad by Monsieur and Madame Guetton-Dangon, Mechanicians, and Jules des
Georges, Director of the Assurance Company "La Providence," all of Lyons in the
Republic of France, to be as follows:-
This break acts in an instantaneous manner, and by an almost instinctive movement
of the driver, who, at the moment of danger, or when otherwise required, has only to
press upon a pedal placed under his feet.
This motion is transmitted to the break block by a double arrangement of crank
levers which has the effect of giving to it, at first, a great speed to traverse the
distance which separates it from the wheel, then to press upon the wheel with a slower
speed and consequently a greater power. Further the last crank lever is arranged in
such manner that the friction of the wheel upon the break block produces the pressure,
so that the effort exerted upon the pedal has no other object than to cause the break
block to approach the wheel and of exerting a commencement of pressure, the friction
of the wheel immediately intervening to complete the pressure.
The accompanying drawing shows how this effect is obtained. Figure 1 represents
the break in its normal position. Figure 2 represents the same after the pressure has
been effected.
The pedal P placed under the feet of the driver is connected to the transverse
shaft X by a connecting rod E jointed to the levers F and G. The shaft X operates
the break blocks A on each side of the vehicle, by a similar arrangement of mechanism
one of which I will now describe.
The break block A is suspended from the crank D, by a connecting rod C, it is
further jointed to a second crank B working on a fixed axis carried by the bracket or
frame Y solidly fixed to the carriage.
When the break is at rest, as shown at Figure 1, the crank D and the connecting
rod C form a slightly obtuse angle and the crank B is inclined towards the wheel.

page_text: If the pedal is depressed, the crank D will descend and lower the break block and
this latter, carrying the crank B with it, will approach the wheel until it comes into
contact therewith, the effort exerted at this moment upon the pedal will be transmitted
to the break block with great power on account of the action of the lever D and
connecting rod C, the wheel will then have sufficient adhesion to carry the break
block with it and itself complete the pressure by the action of the crank B.
The pedal is held in its depressed position by a tooth L which engages in a segmental
rack N, rocking on an axis O, and held by a spring R. This rack is terminated in
front by a piece in the form of a crescent as shown at Figure 4 which represents a
front view of the pedal. When the driver desires to withdraw the break, he presses
his heel upon the crescent shaped part of the rack, and the spring M replaces all the
mechanism in the position shown at Figure 1.
a
"fore
Figure 3 represents the same break applied to a carriage provided with
carriage," the connecting rod E is there replaced by the links and lovers E, E', E³,
E, E.
In order to regulate exactly the angular position of the cranks D and B, and for
the purpose of adjusting for wear, the break blocks, the connecting rod E, Figure 1,
or one of the connecting rods E, E, E, in the arrangement shown at Figure 3,
may be capable of adjustment in length by means of screws or other suitable means.
The same principle can be applied to all kinds of carriages, omnibuses or waggons
and the pedal can, as required, be replaced by a hand lever.
It can also be applied to parts of machines, and generally wherever a break is
applied to anything receiving rotary motion.
Dated this 6th day of April 1888.
B. J. B. MILLS.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents..

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breaks for Vehicles and for other Purposes.
1, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS carrying on business under the firm or
style of Harris and Mills of 23 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, a communication to
me from abroad by Monsieur and Madame Guetton-Dangon, Mechanicians, and
Jules des Georges, Director of the Assurance Company "La Providence," all of
Lyons in the Republic of France, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the drawing accompanying my provisional specification and to
the figures and letters marked thereon :-
This break acts in an instantaneous manner, and by an almost instinctive movement
of the driver, who, at the moment of danger or when otherwise required, has only to
press upon a pedal placed under his feet.
This motion transmitted to the break block by a double arrangement of crank
levers, which has the effect of giving to it at first a great speed, to traverse the
distance which separates it from the wheel, then to press upon the wheel with a
slower speed and consequently a greater power. Further, the last crank lever is
arranged in such manner that the friction of the wheel upon the break block
produces the pressure, so that the effort exerted upon the pedal has no other
object than to cause the break block to approach the wheel and of exerting a
commencement of pressure, the friction of the wheel immediately intervening to
complete pressure.
The drawing accompanying my provisional specification shows how this effect is
obtained. Figure 1 represents the break in its normal position, Figure 2 represents
the same after the pressure has been effected.
The pedal P, placed under the feet of the driver, is connected to the transverse
shaft X by a connecting rod E jointed to the levers F and G. The shaft X operates
the break blocks A, on each side of the vehicle, by a similar arrangement of
mechanism, one of which I will now describe.
The break block A is suspended from the crank D, by a connecting rod C; it is
further_jointed to a second crank B, working on a fixed axis carried by the bracket or
frame Y solidly fixed to the carriage.
When the break is at rest, as shown at Figure 1, the crank D and the connecting
rod C form a slightly obtuse angle, and the crank B is inclined towards the wheel.
If the pedal is depressed, the crank D will descend and lower the break block, and
this latter, carrying the crank B with it, will approach the wheel until it comes into
contact therewith; the effort exerted at this moment upon the pedal will be
transmitted to the break block with great power on account of the action of the
lever D and connecting rod C; the wheel will then have sufficient adhesion to
carry the break block with it and itself complete the pressure by the action of the
crank B.

page_text: The pedal is held in its depressed position by a tooth L which engages in a segmental
rack N rocking on an axis O, and held by a spring R; this rack is terminated in
front by a piece in the form of a crescent, as shown at Figure 4, which represents a
front view of the pedal. When the driver desires to withdraw the break, he presses
his heel upon the crescent shaped part of the rack and the spring M replaces all the
mechanism in the position shown at Figure 1.
"
"
Figure 3 represents the same break applied to a carriage provided with a fore
carriage; the connecting rod E is there replaced by the links and levers E, E¹,
E', E³, E¹.
In order to regulate exactly the angular position of the cranks D and B, and for
the purpose of adjusting for wear of the break blocks, the connecting rod Ę figure 1,
or one of the connecting rods E. E' E', in the arrangement shown at figure 3 may
be capable of adjustment in length by means of screws or other suitable means.
The same principle can be applied to all kinds of carriages, omnibuses or waggons,
and the pedal can, as required, be replaced by a hand lever.
It can also be applied to parts of machines, and generally wherever a break is
applied to anything receiving rotary motion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. For the wheels of carriages, waggons, or parts of machines receiving rotary
motion, a system of break in which a friction break block is moved directly by a
pedal or a lever, until it comes into contact with the wheel, the friction of which
completes the pressure by drawing forward the break block, which is forced against
it by means of a crank, substantially as herein shown and described.
2. In breaks for the wheels of carriages, waggons, or parts of machines receiving
rotary motion, the peculiar arrangement and combination of parts substantially as
herein shown and described.
Total th: 91 dan of Dasamban 1000