IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BAR AND SHEET METALS, IN MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH, AND IN THE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clare, junior, of 21, Exchange Buildings,
Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Produce Broker,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BAR
AND SHEET METALS, IN MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH, AND IN THE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clare at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th November 1853.
1. JOHN CLARE, junior, of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lan-
5 caster, Produce Broker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BAR AND SHEET METALS,
IN MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH
METALS TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates, firstly, to improved forms of angle iron,
0 such forms being also applicable to bars of other metal, and the
rebating thereof being applicable to sheet metal generally; secondly,

page_text: to the forming of peculiar flanges to sheet metal; thirdly, to the
application of such improved forms of bar and sheet metals to the
construction of ships and other vessels and to various manufacturing
purposes; and, fourthly, to the rolling and stamping machinery for
certain parts of such manufacture of bar and sheet metals.
And for the better understanding of my said Invention, I will now
proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and the letters and figures marked
thereon.
Fig. 1 represents in section different forms of angle iron or other
metal, No 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, the outer edge of each being split or
grooved. No 2 has the addition of a, a, one or more beadings to
increase its strength, and which need not be rebated, and N° 3 may
have a rebate raised on the back as at b.
Fig. 2 represents in section sheet iron similarly grooved or rebated
on one, two, or more edges.
Fig. 3 represents in section the forms of angle metal, No 8 and 9,
suitable for connecting flanged metal plates, and at c, c, projecting
beyond the smooth face of the plates.
Fig. 4 is a section of a new form of box angle iron or clip, for bent
flanged metal plates.
Fig. 5 is a section of double flanged sheet metal, the flanges pro-
jecting on both sides of the sheet metal, strengthened by one, two,
or more ribs d, d, on one side, corresponding with that side's flanges.
Fig. 6 is a section of curved sheet metal, flanged at an angle suitable
for the curve of the sheets or plates for cylindrical vessels as shown by
the dotted lines c, e.
Fig. 7 is a section of grooved or channeled metal bars.
For stamping sheet metal into various forms I sometimes use a
small press formed with a cross head fastened to two pillars with nuts
and screws at top and at bottom to a foundation plate. In the centre
of the cross head is a vertical square threaded screw, fitted below with
a coupling box connected with the stamper, working between the
pillars as guides, and having beneath it the die block which receives

page_text: and impresses the metal intended to be stamped, and after each ope-
ration suitable bolts and cotters are driven up to make the flanges of
the sheet metal true, and handles are also provided, connected with
spindles having eccentrics, by means of which to throw up a centre
wedge, thereby relieving the metal from the die.
My improved small stamping presses may be varied in form, by
working the square threaded screw through an arched crosshead
screwed to the bed plate, having snugs cast on it, acting as guides
to side wings on each side of the die, for giving to the metal the
required flanged form.
In the arrangement of a large stamping press for heavier duty. I
work the die by means of a spur wheel keyed on to a main horizontal
shaft, supported by a strong swan neck iron frame, the shaft having a
solid eccentric at the end to give the requisite throw to the dies
operated by a vertical spindle connected with the stampers, composed
of jaws tightened or slackened by a wheel and screw; the dies are
stamped into corresponding vice versa blocks to make the bevelled
ffanges true, which blocks are tightened at pleasure by a horizontal
screw working through them in the manner of a vice; suitable handles
are connected with the spindles, having eccentrics that throw up the
centre wedge of the die to release it from the internal part of the
bevel flanges. This press has a fly wheel connected with a pinion
working into the spur wheel, by means of which the whole is put into
operation.
For producing bevelled flanges by rolling, I employ a pair of rollers
set up in strong framing in which their shafts are fixed, carrying at
one end two purchase wheels made suitably strong. A bevelled flange
may be given to each side edge of sheet metal passed between such
rollers, by bevelling off the outer edges of one roller and cutting
a bevel-edged channel in the other roller, the two rollers working the
one into the other; and when the plates of metal are cut taper, as
required in the manufacture of my patent metal casks, the bevelling of
the two sides may be effected by making the circumference of the
rollers equal to the length of the staves, and cutting the corresponding

page_text: bevels of the rollers tapering accordingly, so that by one revolution a
stave may be bevelled from end to end on both edges, and such bevelled
flanges may be brought to an acute angle by passing them through
proper dies applied by my before described stamping presses.
Having thus described the several forms of angle and grooved and
channeled bar metal, and flanged and grooved sheets or plates of metal,
I would observe that the seven forms of rebated metal described
under Fig. 1, enable me to manufacture articles therewith by inserting
the edges of plain sheet metal in such grooves or rebates, a mode of
construction which saves the time and labour of rivetting. These and
the other forms of angle iron and grooved and channeled metal are
particularly useful in making a strong firm junction of flanged sheet
metal and plain sheet metal to be used in the construction of houses,
vessels, gasometers, cylinders, beans, buoys, cranes, boilers, and other
like structures or articles.
I would here observe that I do not restrict myself to any particular
angle or dimensions of angles, flanges, grooves, or channels in metal,
manufactured according to my improvements, as the same may be
modified, nor to the dimensions or materials of the presses or rolling
machines; neither do I confine myself to the metal to be manufactured
to the forms and for the purposes recommended, so long as its duc-
tility enables it to be rolled and stamped, and it can be servicably
employed for the purposes specified. And I do declare that what I
claim as my improvements are, namely,
First, the forms of rebated angle bar metal and rebated sheet
metal.
Second, the forms of plain and of box angle iron.
Third, the form of channeled or grooved bar metal.
Fourth, the curved bevel flanged sheet metal.
Fifth, the rolling and stamping machinery; and,
Sixth, the several applications of such manufactured metals, as
described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Clare in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN CLARE, junior, of 21, Exchange Buildings, Liverpool, in the
County Palatine of Lancaster, Produce Broker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said John Clare, junior, Her special
licence that I, the said John Clare, junior, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Clare, junior, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF BAR AND SHEET METALS, IN MACHINERY CONNECTED
THEREWITH, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH METALS TO VARIOUS USEFUL
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Clare, junior, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Clare, junior, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My said Invention relates, firstly, to the manufacture of various
improved forms of angle iron, applicable also to bars of other metal ;
secondly, to the forming of peculiar flanges to sheet metal; thirdly, to
the application of such improved forms, rebated or otherwise, of bar

page_text: and sheet metals to the construction of ships and other vessels, and to
various manufacturing purposes; and, fourthly, to the manufacture of
the stamping, pressing, or rolling machinery for certain parts of such
manufacture of bar and sheet metals.
And for the better understanding of my said Invention, I will now
proceed to describe the same in detail, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, in which the same letters indicate like
parts throughout.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Sheet N 1. Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, represent in N 1, 3, 5, and 7,
plans of angle iron or other metal; and in N 2, 4, 6, and 8, sections
of the same.
Sheet N° 2. Figures 5, 6, and 7, represent in N° 9, a plan of sheet
or bar metal A, grooved at B, and tongued at C; and No 11 and
13, plans of bar metal; and in No 10, 12, and 14, sections of the
same.
Sheet N 3. Figure 8 is a side elevation of my improved screw
press; and Figure 9 a section thereof.
A', is the cross head; B', the side pillars or supports; C', the press,
and D, the bridle of the same; E, the screw; F, the bottom dics; G,
the bolts, with cotters and heads for drawing the bottom dies together
to form the angle; II, the wedge; I, the levers attached to the eccen-
tric spindle for raising the same; J, the bed plate; and K, the bolts.
Sheet 4. Figure 10 is a side elevation of my improved machine
for rolling the staves for metallic casks; and Figure 11 is an end
view thereof.
A", is the foundation plate; B", the uprights; C", the shafts; D'
and D, the rollers; E', E", the spur wheels; and, the cotters for
tightening the journals. The rollers D1 and D", being intended to
give sheet metal the requisite form and flanges, for manufacturing
metallic casks, their circumference will be regulated by the length of
the required stave, which must be completed by one revolution of the
rollers; the surface of the roller D is therefore raised and bevelled on
each side, and is in form like the surface of a circular wedge; the roller

page_text: D has a corresponding groove or channel to receive the roller D¹.
Plates of metal being cut taper, as required in the manufacture of my
patent metallic casks, such metal staves may be bevelled from end to
end on both edges, by passing them between the rollers D' and D",
and such bevelled edges or flanges may be brought to a more acute
angle, if required, by being stamped with proper dies in the screw press
before described.
Having thus described the several methods of carrying out my said
improvements, I would here observe, that the varieties of angle iron
and other metals in bars and sheets may be split, grooved, or rebated
on their edges, for facility in making joints; and I particularly recom-
mend the several forms of metal in the manufacture of casks and other
vessels, and in the construction of ships, houses, and other like struc-
tures, according to their suitability for the same. I do not, however,
confine myself to any particular angles in the forms described, neither
do I restrict myself to any precise dimensions or uses to which such
manufactured bar and sheet metals can be applied.
And I do declare that what I claim as my improvements are,
namely,―
First, the several forms of bar and sheet metals.
Second, the screw or stamping press, operating on dies for forming
or shaping metals.
Third, the peculiarly constructed rolling machine; and,
Fourth, the application of the various forms of metals in the con-
struction of houses, vessels, casks, and other useful structures or
articles.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clare, junior, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of May, in the
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
year of
JOHN CLARE, JUN". (L.S.)