IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, SCOURING, DYEING, SIZING
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Smith Cottrill, of Great Lever, near Bolton,
in the County of Lancaster, Bleacher, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, SCOURING, DYEING, SIZING,
Sealed the 20th March 1856, and dated the 3rd November 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Smith Cottrill
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd November 1855.
I, JAMES SMITH COTTRILL, of Great Lever, near Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Bleacher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, SCOURING, DYEING,
SIZING, AND CLEANING WOVEN FABRICS AND YARNS," to be as follows:-
I pass the material to be operated upon under or over grated agitators,
oscillating at any required speed or number of strokes, and placed at any
suitable distances in a cistern with two or more compartments, with a continuous
stream of water flowing through, partially or wholly immersing the material,
which is worked forward by the revolving motion of a pair of squeezer rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Smith Cottrill in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd May 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
SMITH COTTRILL, of Great Lever, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster,.
Bleacher, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Smith Cottrill, Her special licence that I, the said
James Smith Cottrill, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James Smith Cottrill, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING,
SCOURING, DYEING, SIZING, AND CLEANING WOVEN FABRICS AND YARNS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Smith Cottrill, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Royal Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Smith Cottrill, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
I pass the material to be operated upon through grated agitators, either in
band or open pieces, oscillating any required speed or number of strokes, and
placed at any suitable distances in a cistern with two or more compartments
with a continuous stream of water flowing through, partially or wholly immersing
the material, which is worked forward by the revolving motion of a pair of
squeezer rollers. These improvements will be clearly understood by reference
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, with the figures and letters o
reference thereon, in which Figs. 1 and 2 are longitudinal externál "elevation
of a machine or apparatus with my improvements attached; Fig. 3 is a
longitudinal section of the same; and Fig. 4, a plan thereof.
The cistern is shewn in two compartments a and b, the base of the first bein
lower than that of the second. Water is supplied by the pipe 'c, and escape
through the pipe d. Between the compartments there is a division plate
having a space or opening f, which keeps the water at the desired level in th
compartment b, and also permits the escape of the surplus to the compartmen
a, in which it is regulated by the waste pipe d. Each agitator consists of tw

page_text: evers or cranks g, fastened to their respective pivots or shafts, the cranks being
kept apart by bars and standards forming grids or grates h, so placed that the
material is passed through and guided without straining during the agitation of
the yarn or fabric, a principal feature consisting in placing one of the grids or
grates at the centre of the oscillation of each agitator. The cloth to be operated
upon is represented at k entering the first compartment a, and passing under
だ
the roller through the grates h of the first agitator to those of the second, and
led onwards by the rollers m and n to the agitators in the compartment 6; the
yarn or fabric passes under the roller o through or between one of the guides
p to the squeezer rollers q, which as they revolve draw the material through
the machine; the bulk of the impurities set free by the first pair of agitators
is prevented from entering the second compartment, because the level of the
water is above that in the first. The yarn or fabric may be returned to the
cistern, and repassed between the agitators as often as may be found necessary.
Motion is given to the agitators by means of the eccentric r, which causes
the wheels and quadrants t, u, v, and w to oscillate, and with them the
agitators. The squeezer rollers are furnished with levers and weights in
the ordinary manner.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein
set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the principle
thereof; but I claim as my Invention, the arrangement, construction, and
applicability of the agitators, with the machinery or apparatus for working the
same, the method of passing the material through the machine, and the con-
struction of the double cistern, as herein .described, and illustrated in the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Smith Cottrill, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of April, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-six.
JAMES SMITH COTTRILL. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-named
James Smith Cottrill, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.