Improvements in Machinery for Studding the Soles of Boots, and Shoes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1889.
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 1st Mar., 1890
Improvements in Machinery for Studding the Soles of Boots,
and Shoes.
I, WILLIAM Ross, of No. 3, Bedford Villas, Bowes Park, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows: :-
My invention relates to improvements in machinery for the manufacture and
insertion of studs in the soles of boots and shoes.
In carrying it into effect I first provide a suitable frame with bearings fixed on a
suitable table and stand, and place in one bearing a fixed shaft having a longitudinal.
hole in its centre, throughout the entire length of the shaft for the material to be
operated upon to pass through. On this shaft revolves a disc having on part of its.
periphery a rim for band or gearing for the purpose of giving motion to the disc-
on the other part. I form an outer and inner cam or cams for the purpose of running.
a friction wheel or wheels, and giving a lateral reciprocating motion to another'
disc (No. 2). This disc will not rotate but will be used for putting in and pulling
out the cutters herafter described. It will also have attached to it a pall or palls
for the purpose of moving the material forward as required, which palls will
be in connection with 2 ratchet wheels which will be connected to two milled
wheels inserted in the shaft and between which the material will pass and
be fed onward by the palls, rachets, and milled wheels through the motion of the
before named disc No. 2. This No. 2 disc may have a projecting rim conical
on its inside for the purpose of putting in the cutters or it may be plain
and act on levers for the same purpose. I next provide a 3rd disc and shaft in one
piece or having the disc keyed on the shaft and having a hole throughout its entire
length of shaft (as in shaft No. 1) for the cut studs to pass through and running in,
the other bearing. On the face of this disc facing disc No. 2 1 place the knives or
cutters secured to sliding planes having V or other suitable slides to avoid the dis-
placement of the cutters in reference to the plane of this No. 3 disc. This No. 3 disc.
will be revolved at a very rapid rate. The No. 1 disc will be so speeded in reference
to No. 3 that it will allow the cutters to cut off the material before being withdrawn.
The cutters being secured to the above named sliding planes having their ends
projecting so as always to be running inside the conical rim, and having friction
rollers mounted on each projecting end it will be evident that as disc cam or cams on
No. 1 disc throw No. 2 disc from it and nearer No. 3 the conical rim will press
down the cutters into the material to be operated upon, and on its returning to its
former position a spring or springs or the centrifugal motion will cause them
immediately to return to their former position and leave room for another stud length
to protrude for cutting. When the studs are cut and forced out by each other they
will fall into a hopper or box provided for them of a conical shape the smaller end
being attached to a tube or tubes the bore being the size of the studs easy and having
a suitable device for the purpose of moving the studs and causing them to descend
the tubes also attached to the tubes will be suitable arrangements or devices for
forcing the studs down the tubes and preventing them fixing themselves in the tubes
and communicating from the tubes to a channel to convey the studs singly to the
position under the driver. The driver will consist of a plunger and connector
attached to an eccentric on a shaft on suitable bearings driven by a pulley or
gearing connected with treadle or motor, on another portion of this shaft will be
another eccentric having levers or wedges to act upon feeders at the bottom of the
tubes and force the studs one after the other under the driver. The stud having
been placed under the driver the material to be studded is placed in position under

page_text: the stud the plunger descends being acted upon by the eccentric and inserts the stud
in the material then ascends and makes way for another stud to take position which
is immediately placed there by feeder ready and the imaterial being moved on ward by
a suitable feed motion No. 2 stud is inserted and so on successively. Under the driver
and in the table is a steel plate having a hole the size of the cores intended to be taken
out so as to allow them to fall through the table into a receptacle provided for
them.
4:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Studding the Soles of Boots
and Shoes.
I, WILLIAM Ross, late of No. 3, Bedford Villas, Bowes Park, in the County of
Middlesex, but now of No. 4, Tottenham Terrace, White Hart Lane Tottenham in
the same County, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what:
manner the saine is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in machinery for the manufacture of studs,
and their subsequent insertion in the soles of boots and shoes; and consists in
improved automatic devices for the intermittent feed of the length of wire from which
the studs are cut; the cutting up of the said wire into studs of an even length;
their regulated feed to the inserting mechanism; and subsequent insertion in the sole
leather.
In order that the invention, and the means by which it is to be carried into practical
effect may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe them in detail, refering in
so doing to the accompanying figures, which are to be taken as part of this invention
and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of the devices for feeding up the wire, and
cutting it up into studs.
Fig: 2 is an elevation of the mechanism for receiving and feeding the studs, and ·
inserting them into the sole-leathers.
The figures illustrate the invention as consisting of two isolated machines These
may be arranged either side by side, or with the stud-cutting mechanism over the
inserting mechanism, as may be convenient.
A, Aare a pair of standards. B is a fixed shaft, or hollow mandrel, supported in
the standard A; and 6 is the length of wire lying therein.
C is a rim-pulley; and c, its band. D is a disc fast to, or in one piece with, the.
pulley C, and therefore rotating with it about the mandrel B. The rim-pulley and
band may be replaced by mitre-gearing on the left hand face of the disc D. The -
latter has only a motion of rotation, and any suitable device may be applied to prevent
the disc moving out of its plane.
E is a second disc adapted to slide to-and-fro upon the mandrel.B.
e is a feather
taking into a groove in the disc, and is provided to serve as a guide for the same.
during its said motion. E is a rim upon the disc; and ff are two studs which
may be fitted with antifriction rollers, if preferred. They are diametrically opposite
to each other; and both engage in the cam-groove, g, cut into the periphery of the
disc. The groove 'imparts two complete to-and-fro motions, that is, two feed, and two
return motions, to the disc E, during each revolution.
H, Hare a pair of parallel axes, each one of which carries a ratchet wheel, h, --
and a combined milling-and-feed roller, 7, the latter shewn in the figure by dotted 5
lipes. Both ratchet wheels and feed rollers are fast upon their respective axes.
The
axes H, H', pass through the mandrel B at equal distances from its axis; and the
mandrel itself is slotted at right angles to the direction of the axes to receive the
rollers,h

page_text: I, I are levers pivotted upon the axes H, H¹, respectively, and connected by
links i, i to the face of the disc E. Each lever is provided with a pawl, j, in constant
touch with the respective ratchet wheel.
K is a second hollow mandrel supported in a suitable bearing in the standard, A':
Both mandrels are axially aligned, but the bore of the mandrel, K, is only parallel
for a short distance, viz., at the end adjacent to the mandrel B. The remainder of
its bore is conical, increasing in diameter towards its opposite end. L is a driving
pulley fast upon the said opposite end, and through which a rapid rotary motion is
communicated to the mandrel K and the cutting-off mechanism next described.
M is a disc fast upon the mandrel last mentioned, within a short distance of the
inner end of the same, and therefore partaking of its motion of rotation.
N, N' are a pair of cutter-holders, adapted by any convenient device to slide upon
the inner face of the disc, M, radially to and from its centre. The cutters n, n' are
preferably, but not necessarily of the rotary type such as rotary pipe cutters are
provided with, and are as close up to the mandrel, K, as practicable. Both cutter-
holders are, preferably, opposite each other. They are actuated by bell-crank:
mechanisms 0, 0, contacting through antifriction rollers o, o¹,, with the opposite face
of the disc, E.
The bell-crank mechanisms may be replaced by a rim projecting from the face of the.
disc, E; and having a suitable cam surface to engage with the outer ends of the
cutter-holders.
The machine above described acts as follows.
The pulleys and L being set in motion, each at their respectively proper speeds,
a length of wire is fed into the mandrel B until it is gripped by the feed rollers ..
The motion of the disc E to the left acting upon the said rollers through the links i, ¹;:
levers, 1, 1; pawls, j; and ratchet wheels, /, moves the wire for the length of a stud.
past the plane in which the rotary cutters work, thereby causing the end of the wire:
to enter the hollow mandrel, K.
The reverse motion of the disc then disengages the ratchet and approximates the
cutters, causing them to cut off a stud from the stationary wire; and the disc E is:
then moved back again, again actuating the feeding rollers, h¹, as described above.
At the same time, the centrifugal action of the rapidly revolving disc, M, parts, the
cutters, so that there is a clear way for the wire into the bore of the mandrel, K.:
Springs may be provided to be depended upon instead of the centrifugal action
aforesaid to effect the separation of the cutters. The studs are ejected from the last
mentioned mandrel by centrifugal force acting upon them in combination with the
conical surface of the bore. From the mandrel they drop into a hopper 02, shewn
in section in Fig. 2, from which they are fed to the machine illustrated in Fig. 2. . .
Referring to the said figure,
P is the frame of the machine, and p, its table. Q is the stud-feeder. It is an
endless band of links, q. Each link has one perforation q¹, of a proper size to receive
one stud. All the links are of the same size and the perforations equidistant.
R, R are a pair of drums supported on the frame of the machine at a proper height
for carrying the carrier, Q, over the table in a plane parallel therewith, and leaving
space between them for the piece of sole leather r to be studded. S is a shaft having
its bearings in the bridge piece S¹. This shaft S is at right angles to the axes of the
drums, R, R; and receives its motion from any suitable source of power. T is
the driver. It is provided with a returning spring, t, and a stop, t'. It is driven
down into a perforation, ql, by the cam, s, engaging with the hammer, s'. The latter
is raised by the cam engaging with the projection, s². Both hammer and projection
are in one piece, as indicated by the dotted lines.
The intermittent motion necessary to be given to the feeder Q, so that a perforation
shall be axially under the driver, as it comes down ; and remain there until the driver
is withdrawn, may be effected by mechanism of any convenient type. In any case
it is preferably taken off the shaft S, by means of a pawl or finger u engaging with
a ratchet wheel U upon the axis of the drum R¹.
I have shewn this pawl as pivotted upon the strap u¹ of an eccentric on the shaft S,

page_text: A.guide rod u² is provided. The pawl may have a spring to cause it more certainly
to engage with the ratchet, but as a rule its weight will suffice.
I have not shewn any special device for conducting the studs from the stud-cutting
machine, and inserting them into the perforations in the feeder, Q, as the said
perforations pass over the drum R'. I do not confine myself to any particular
device, and may make use of any one which is capable of delivering one stud into
each of the perforations as the latter pass seriatim over the said drum under the
bottom of the hopper O'.
The machine last described operates as follows:-
The perforations, from those outside the axis of the drum R' to the one under the
driver inclusive, being charged with one stud each, and the piece of sole-leather in
position; the pawl u will be travelling backwards over the ratchet, U. while the
driver comes down and forces the stud under it into the leather. It then rises; and
when clear of the feeder, the pawl will return and feed the feeder forward far
enough to bring the next perforation axially under the driver, the sole-leather being
adjusted so as to receive the stud therefrom in the proper position relative to the
previously inserted one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. The combination of hollow mandrel, disc rotating about the same and adapted
by a cam-groove and stud, or equivalent mechanism, to impart a reciprocating
linear motion to a second disc, an intermittent feeding-roller-gear operated by the
said second disc and acting upon the wire through the sides of the hollow mandrel,
a second hollow mandrel axially aligned with the former, and a cutting off device
adapted to operate radially upon the last mentioned disc with which it revolves
and upon which it is operated from the said second disc, as set forth.
2. The combination of vertically operating driver worked by an eccentric and
connecting rod from a rotating shaft, feeder consisting of links having equidistant
perforations, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism intermittently operated from the said
rotating shaft, the motions of the driver and feeder being timed, respectively, so
that the latter is stationary while the former is engaged in it; as set forth.
3. The combination of the hollow mandrel, stud cutting mechanism, and the stud
inserting mechanism, as set forth.
Dated this 6th day of January 1800
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.