Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th May, 1887
Complete Left, 4th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 9th Mar., 1888
I SAMUEL FISHER, of 33 Southampton Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Wall paper manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The present improvements have for their object to obtain a washable and impervious
wall or ceiling covering at a small cost.
To this end 1 take ordinary stout paper, or say paper not under 5 yards to the lb.
of 24" or other width paper sufficiently stout and dense to prevent the oil used in the
improved process from penetrating to the back, which would rot the paper and prevent
proper adhesion thereof. I coat this paper with what I call oil cement composed of
oxidized oil, and the necessary colour or material to produce the ground or ground tint I
require. When dry, I print on my design by means of one or more rollers or blocks
in the same way as ordinary paper hangings are printed, but using oil printing colour
instead of distemper. Sometimes I have coloured papers made, and print on them
designs in oil without other preparation of the ground.
The invention further consists in the employment in combination with the above or
otherwise, of substances other than ground cloth or flock to produce the same effect.
for the decoration of wall or ceiling surfaces at a considerable reduction in cost and
without the drawback of these usually employed materials, which when used as
simply flock papers, have a rough surface to which dust and other matters in the air
adhere with great tenacity and are quite incapable of being cleaned, and which when
to avoid these conditions they are painted as is very customary, a very expensive wall
covering is produced.
To this end I take papers prepared as above or cotton or linen canvas prepared in
the same manner and print upon it either by blocks or cylinders with a colour or
surface prepared of oxydised oil or any convenient kind of size, and while wet 1 sift
or apply by any means, either sand, powdered glass, brick dust small seeds or a
mixture of same or any kind of hard and non-absorbent particles, to produce the
patterns or ground in relief, said powdered application may be in itself coloured or
otherwise. I then finish by painting in oil colours if necessary and the result is a
fabric which may be fixed in its place in the ordinary manner, has all the effect of a
Hock paper and may be washed as often as required.
HERBERT & Co.,
67, Strand, Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Wall or Ceiling Coverings.
I SAMUEL FISHER of 123 Milkwood Road Brixton in the County of Surrey, Wall
paper manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The present improvements are designed to produce a wall or ceiling covering which
may be washed by soap and water as often as desired and at the same time be
impervious to moisture.
For this purpose I take ordinary stout paper, that is to say paper not under 5 yards
to the pound, of 24 inches, or other smaller width. I prefer a paper sufficiently stout
and dense as described in order to prevent the oil colour used in my improved process
from penetrating to the back of the paper which would tend to render the paper
rotten and also to prevent proper adhesion thereof to the wall.
I have found that ordinary oil colours cannot be employed for this purpose and I
therefore use a special thickened oil cement composed of oxidised oil and the necessary
colour or material to produce the required tint or colour.
I may with advantage prepare wall or ceiling papers by this process in the following
equivalent manners according to the nature and design of the paper required.
:
First I coat the whole of the paper with a suitable ground tint of oil cement of a
suitable required tone to produce a ground tint. When dry I print thereon a suitable
design in oil cement composed as above but of any suitable tint or colour. This I
effect by means of one or more rollers or blocks in the same way as ordinary paper
hangings are impressed with their printed patterns, proper arrangements being used
to distribute and work with so stiff a material as the oil cement.
I produce also under my process a paper for wall or ceiling decoration of a similar
appearance to those known as flock papers but without the drawback attending the
usually employed substances of ground cloth or flock which, when used in the
ordinary way have a rough surface to which dust and other matters in the air adhere
with great tenacity, and are quite incapable of being cleaned, and which if painted to
avoid these drawbacks as is customary, entail a very expensive wall covering.
To effect this after the material which may consist of paper, cotton or linen canvas,
has been prepared in the above described manner with a ground tint of my oil cement,
I then print upon it after it has dried a colour or further surface prepared of my oil
cement in the form of the pattern which it is desired to prepare in relief in imitation
of a flock paper.
Whilst this imprinted pattern is wet and sticky I apply thereto by sifting or any
convenient means a powder of non absorbent particles such as fine sand, powdered
glass, brick dust, small seeds or any admixture of the same or other equivalent
material. This powdered material may be in itself coloured or otherwise and adhering

page_text: to the wet and sticky oil cement imprinted pattern the particles adhere thereto and
produce a pattern in relief. After drying, the powder on that portion of the paper
where there was not wet and sticky oil cement, is removed by dusting.
If desired a painting in oil colour may afterwards be applied, but in either case as
a consequence of its proportion by my process with oil cement and mineral or non
absorbent powder, a fabric is produced which may be fixed in its place in the same
manner as ordinary paper which has all the effect of a flock paper and which may be
washed as often as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The process and manufacture of paper or other fabric for wall or ceiling
coverings, by treatment with oil colours prepared with oxidised oil termed herein oil
cement, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. A paper or other fabric for wall or ceiling coverings provided with a ground
colour or design or both composed of an oil colour or colours prepared with oxidised
oil, that is, in oil cement substantially as described.
3. The process and manufacture of paper or other fabric for wall or ceiling
coverings prepared with oil cement and with the patterns as of a flock paper in relief
produced by the application of a mineral or non absorbent powder applied to a printed
pattern in wet oil cement substantially as described.
4. A paper or other fabric for wall and ceiling coverings provided with a pattern
in relief as of a flock paper thereon produced by powdered mineral or other non-
absorbent material upon an oil cement oxidised ground, substantially as described.
Dated this 1st day of February 1888.
Dated this 1st day of February 1888.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.