Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 8th May, 1895-Accepted, 22nd June, 1895
I, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY, of 42 Melton Road, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
:-
This invention has reference to velocipede and other wheel tyres which are
hollow and filled with air under a pressure superior to that of the atmosphere,
generally called pneumatic tyres; and it is of the type wherein the case, or outer
part thereof, is of rubber and canvas, or equivalent materials, and makes contact,
or is attached to, or held in the rim, by the pressure of air within.
According to this invention, the object has mainly been to render the use of an
inner tube or bladder of india rubber, as at present used, unnecessary, and to
simplify generally and render inexpensive, this class of tyres; at the same time
providing means of gaining access to the interior of the tyre for repairing same
when punctured or damaged. A tyre with my improvements applied thereto,
comprises a case made up of india rubber and canvas, or equivalent materials, the
attachment thereof to the rim being by means of annular grooves or recesses in the
edges of the rim, into which the case is forced by the pressure of air within
the tyre, the case being at this part about the same thickness as the outside or sides
of the case, and takes the curvature of the grooves or channels. The edges of the
cover are carried round and overlap one another in the rim, where, by pressure of
the air they make a joint with each other, and prevent the escape of air when the
tyre is inflated. In some cases, in addition to this means of closing the case against
the escape of air, a light piece or ribbon of canvas or equivalent material is
fastened by solution, cement, or equivalent means over the edge of the overlapping
parts outside, thereby sealing the two ends or edges of the case together, which,
when the tyre has to be examined internally, can in part be easily removed, and
refastened similarly on, when the tyre is repaired.
To give sufficient strength and rigidity circumferentially, the canvas or like
material in the case may be carried down inside the rubber, or both inside and on
the inner surface of the case to a point up to or beyond the inwardly turned edges
of the rim forming the annular grooves or recesses, into which the case is pressed
by the pressure of air.
The above is the best form of carrying out my invention, of which I am at present
aware; but it is not necessarily restricted to the construction particularly specified
as
it may be modified as to form and detail without departing from the invention.
Further, in some cases, if desired, the case can be strengthened or rendered
puncture-proof by providing metal shielding provisions in it in any known suitable
way; also, in some cases, an inner tube may be provided if desired.
Dotal this let doy of April 1895
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.

page_text: ани ОСНО
I, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY, of 42 Melton Boad, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to velocipedes and other wheel tyres which are
hollow and filled with air under a pressure superior to that of the atmosphere,
generally called pneumatic. tyres; and it is of the type wherein the case, or other
part thereof, is of rubber and canvas, or equivalent materials, and inakes contact
with or is attached to, or held in the rim, by the pressure of air within.
According to this invention, the object has mainly been to render the use of an
inner tube or bladder of india rubber, as at present used,, unnecessary, and to
simplify generally and render inexpensive, this class of tyres ; at the same time
providing means of gaining access to the interior of the tyre for repairing, same
when punctured or damaged. A tyre with my improvements applied, thereto,
comprises a case made up of india rubber and canvas, or equivalent materials, the
attachment thereof to the rim being by means of annular grooves or recesses in the
edges of the rim, into which the case is forced by the pressure. of air within
the tyre, the case being at this part about the same thickness as the outside or sides
of the case, and takes the curvature of the grooves or channels. The edges of the
cover are carried round and overlap one another in the rim, where, by the pressure
of the air they make a joint with each other, and prevent the escape of air when the
tyre is inflated. In some cases, in addition to this. means.of closing the case against
the escape of air, a light piece or ribbon of canvas or equivalent material, is
fastened by solution, cement, or equivalent means over the edge of the overlapping
parts outside, thereby sealing the two ends or edges of the case together, which,
when the tyre has to be examined internally, can in. part be easily removed,, and
refastened similarly on, when the tyre is repaired.
To give sufficient strength and rigidity circumferentially, the canvas or like
material in the case may be carried down inside the rubber, or both inside and on
the inner surface of the case to a point-up to or beyond the inwardly turned edges
of the rim forming the annular grooves or recesses, into which the case is pressed
by, the pressure of air.
In some cases, if desired, the case, can be strengthened or rendered, puncture-
proof by providing metal shielding provisions in it in. any known. suitable way;
also, in some cases, an inner tube may be provided if desired.
8.
A tyre according to this invention is illustrated in cross section in the drawings.
In this drawing, a designates generally the case, and is the rim. The rim e, as
will be seen, is provided with an annular chamber or groove fi at each edge
by turning the edge of the rim up and round inwardly; in the form of rim shewn
in Figure the annular channels stand or lie outside the bed of the rim,, whilst in
the modification shewn in Figure 2, the channels fare differently disposed, they
Being partly within and partly without the bed of the rim.
The case a consists of rubber, with canvas strips. In the example given, there is
one layer or strip of canvas b within the rubber (which at the tread of the: case may
be of several plies), and another layer or strip con, the inner side, rubber being on the
innermost surface; and these, strips are carried down to about the point, or near
the point, which is even with the extreme edge of the metal of the chanuels f
By this canvas, the size and' form. of the tyre, and amount of extension it will
undergo when inflated is limited.
Parts of the case a which come or lie within the rim e are preferably of rubber
only, as shewn by the examples given in the drawings. I prefer these parts to be

page_text: of rubber only, so that it can be expanded better into the annular channels or
grooves The edges of the cover or case a which overlap each other are
designated d, and lie within the rim e; and at the part where the lower edge d
finishes, I provide a strip of canvas h which covers the joint and connects the two
parts of the tyre case together, it being fastened on by a suitable solution or
cement. By this, the case a becomes a positively sealed one; however, under
ordinary conditions, the pressure within the case, acting upon the upper edges d,
pressing it on the lower one, will cause a close joint to be made, without the
strip d.
The case being placed in the rim, in the position shewn, air is forced into it
through a suitable tube or valve, whereupon the rubber portions of the case, in or
near the annular channels or grooves f, are extended and forced into them, and so
hold the rim in position, and at the same time, as stated, forces the top edge d onto
the lower one.
By this construction, it will be seen, the necessity of an inner tube or bladder is
dispensed with; but at the same time, as stated, if in cases, it is desired to provide
extra safety, an inner tube or bladder can be used inside the case a.
When it is desired to repair the tyre after damage, the canvas strip can be
readily ripped off at the point required, and access to the interior rapidly obtained.
When the repair is made, the strip h can be again cemented in position, and the
case a replaced in the rim, and inflated. Thus, practically, the same facilities are
effected for repair in this single tube tyre, as in ordinary detachable tyres. As
modification of this, the overlapping edges of the case a may be fastened together
by a weak solution, and so form a sealed case; and when it is desired to open the
case, the two edges being rubber, the solution will give when they are pulled apart,.
and they can be separated; and afterwards the edges will be again fastened
by solution and rendered air tight.
Some of the advantages afforded by this tyre are:-That it is less costly than
ordinary pneumatic tyres; and lighter than such tyres; readily placed in position
in or taken off the rim; capable of being quickly repaired; and very secure upon
the rim.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A pneumatic tyre, comprising a case (a) made of materials as specified, and a
rim (e) having annular channels or grooves (f) at its sides, parts of the said
case (a) being adapted to be extended and forced into said channels or grooves by
the air within the tyres; operating substantially as in the manner and for the
purposes herein set forth.
2. A single tube pneumatic tyre comprising a rim (e) having annular channels or
grooves (f) at its sides, and a case made of material such as specified, the edges of
which overlap within the rim, and are pressed one upon the other by the pressure
of air within; substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
3. The tyre consisting of the case and rim, having their parts constructed and
adapted to operate particularly as set forth with reference to and shewn in the
drawings.
Dated this 7th day of Mow 1805
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.