IMPROVED BOLT THREADING AND NUT TAPPING MACHINERY
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVED BOLT THREADING AND NUT TAPPING MACHINERY." -A com-.
munication from abroad by Frank S. Allen and Charles F. Ritchel,
both of the City, County, and State of New York, United States of
Sealed the 1st April 1873, and dated the 13th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville
Clark at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 13th November 1872.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
5 County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED BOLT THREADING AND NUT TAPPING
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved machinery for bolt threading and
tapping nuts.

page_text: The machine is provided with two series of crank shafts mounted on
opposite sides of a driving pulley, by which they are actuated in suitable
supports, which cranks have the peculiarity of allowing two or more of
the shafts to which they belong to be arranged very close together in
gangs without interfering with each other, in turning all being in
unison, which is due to an oblique arrangement of the parts connecting
the shafts and the wrists. The said wrists of each gang are connected to a
plate at the same distance apart as the shafts, and are thus all turned
simultaneously by said plate, being moved in an orbit by means of a
wheel, to which said plate is connected by a wrist on each. There are
two sets of wheels one for each plate, the like wheels of each set being
mounted on a shaft carried in bearings, and each set is geared with the
driving shaft, which is also mounted in the bearings by a pinion. This
pinion also turns two screw shafts, extending each way from the driving
gear to the ends of the frame, and having screw threaded parts at said
end, which work in nuts on sliding frames mounted on the main framing,
so that they can slide back and forth, being moved by the screw
threaded shafts either way according to the way the said shafts are
turned.
The before mentioned crank shafts are provided with screw taps or
bolt cutters at their ends, which project beyond the supports, and in
front of these is a nut or bolt holding plate in each of the sliding frames
above mentioned, having twice as many holes and sockets as there are
taps or screw cutters arranged in two sections, so that when those of one
section are at the cutters and the nuts or bolts in them are being acted
on those of the other section are so far aside as to allow of their being
discharged of the finished nuts or bolts and being charged with another
batch ready to be presented in turn to the taps or cutters, which is done
by sliding the plate endwise in the guides of the sliding frames in which
they are fitted.
The sockets or cavities of the nut or bolt holding plates are on the
side opposite to the cutters with holes extending through the plates to
the same side for the bolts, or for taps when nuts are being cut. The
bolts are passed through these holes and the heads put in the sockets
from behind the plates, and the nuts are put in from the same side, so
that when they are carried in front of the tools they are confined in the
sockets by the sliding frames. As the pinions on the driving shaft are
made as small as practicable to reduce the motion of the crank shafts,

page_text: and the wheels geared therewith correspondingly large the latter could
not be geared with the pinion and have their sides, from which the
wrists connecting the plates project in the same plane, which is desirable
because the said wheels would interfere with each other. The faces are
therefore narrowed down as well as the outer portions, for some distance
from said faces, they being also arranged to prevent their interfering with
the wheels on the screw feed shafts.
The cutter heads used consist of a hollow cylinder with a socket at
one end for fitting on the end of a mandrel or shaft and clearing slots
for the escape of the chips, and on the other end of the cylinder a solid
screw cutting die is bolted. This provides ample space behind the die
and in front of the end of the shaft or mandrel for the bolt to pass
through the die, while it is a strong and reliable support for the die.
These heads will be made long enough for the longest bolt to be cut
so that the dies which are made detachable for being changed readily
for using different sizes have only to be changed when it is desired to
cut bolts of different sizes. The driving pulley and the feed screws will
be turned in one direction for acting upon the bolts or nuts at one end,
at same time withdrawing those at the other end, and reversed for acting
on those in the other end, withdrawing from those at the first mentioned
end, a new batch being supplied at one end while those at the other
are cut.
It will be seen that by having two sets of cutters or taps, two movable
frames and holders, and the screws for operating the sliding frames the
capacity of the machine is doubled as compared with a machine having
cutters or taps at one end only, and it will be observed that the number
of tools that may be used in each gang is almost unlimited; hence by
the employment of these serial crank mechanisms and the duplicate
gangs of tools a machine is provided calculated to greatly reduce the
cost of this kind of work.
It is immaterial whether taps are used with one gang of shafts and
cutters with the other, or all taps or all cutters; but for providing
threaded nuts to match the bolts it is preferred to have the machine
adapted for cutting bolts at one end and bolts at the other.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander Melville Clark, Her special
licence that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander
Melville Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVED BOLT THREADING AND NUT TAPPING MACHINERY," a com-
munication to me from abroad by Frank S. Allen and Charles F.
Ritchel, both of the City, County, and State of New York, United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
Min Invention maletas to i
1:

page_text: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the improved machine
taken on the line a, a, of Figure 3; Figure 2 is a cross section on the
line x, x, of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a plan view; Figure 4 is a section
on the line y, y, of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a transverse section of the
aforesaid improved bolt cutter taken on the line Z, Z, of Figure 6; and
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the same taken on the line w, w, of
Figure 5. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
A and B represent two series of crank shafts mounted on opposite
sides of the driving pulley C, by which they are actuated in supports D,
which cranks have the peculiarity of allowing two or more of the shafts
to which they belong to be arranged very close together in gangs
without interfering with each other in turning, all being in unison,
which is due to the oblique arrangement of the parts connecting the
shafts and the wrists. The said wrists of each gang being connected to
a plate E at the same distances apart that the shafts E are, are all
turned simultaneously by said plate, being moved in an orbit which is
done by the wheels G, to which said plate is connected by a wrist H on
each. There are two sets of these wheels, one for each plate E, the like
wheels of each set being mounted on a shaft I mounted in housings K,
and each set gears with the driving shaft L, also mounted in the
housings K by a pinion M. The said pinion also turns the screw
shafts N and O, extending each way from the driving gear to the ends
of the frame, and having screw threaded parts P at said ends, which
work in nuts Q on sliding frames R, which are mounted on the frame, so
that they can slide back and forth, being moved by the screw threaded
shafts either way according to the way the said shafts are turned.
The crank shafts are provided with screw taps S or bolt cutters Tat
the ends, which project beyond the supports D; and in front of these is
a nut or bolt holding plate U in each of the sliding frames R, having
twice as many holes and sockets V as there are taps or screw cutters
arranged in two sections, so that when those of one section are at the
cutters and the nuts or bolts in them are being acted on those of the
other section are so far aside as to allow of their being discharged of the
finished nuts or bolts and being charged with another batch ready to be
presented in turn to the taps or cutters, which is done by sliding the
plate endwise in the guides W of the frames R in which they are
fitted.

page_text: The sockets or cavities of the plates V are on the side opposite to the
cutters, with holes extending through the plates to the same side for
the bolts, or for the taps when nuts are being cut. The bolts are passed
through these holes and the heads put in the sockets from behind the
plates, and the nuts are put in from the same side, so that when they
are carried in front of the tools they are confined in the sockets by the
frames R. The pinions M being made as small as practicable to reduce
the motion of the crank shafts and the wheels G correspondingly large,
the latter could not be geared with the pinion and have their sides, from
which the wrists connecting the plates E project in the same plane, which
is desirable, because the said wheels would interfere with each other.
The faces are therefore narrowed down at a as well as the outer portions
for some distance from said faces, and arranged in the order shown in
the Drawing, which also prevents their interfering with the wheels J on
the screw shafts O, N.
.
The cutter heads which are used consist of a hollow cylinder X with a
socket Y at one end for fitting on the end of a mandrel or shaft, and
clearing slots Z for the escape of the chips; and on the other end of the
cylinder a solid screw cutting die Z' is bolted. This provides ample
space behind the die and in front of the end of the shaft or mandrel for
the bolt to pass through the die, while it is a strong and reliable support
for the die. These heads will be made long enough for the longest bolt
to be cut, so that the dies Z¹ which are made detachable for being
changed readily for using different sizes have only to be changed when
it is desired to cut bolts of different sizes. The driving pulley C and the
feed screws will be turned in one direction for acting upon the bolts or
nuts at one end, at the same time withdrawing from those at the other
end, and reversed for acting on those in the other end withdrawing from
those at the first mentioned end, a new batch being supplied at one end
while those at the other are cut.
It will be seen that by the arrangement of two sets of cutters or taps,
two movable frames and holders, and the screws for operating the sliding
frames, the capacity of the machine is doubled as compared with a
machine having cutters or taps at one end only; and it will be observed
that the number of tools that may be used in each gang is almost a
unlimited; hence by the employment of these serial crank mechanisms
and the duplicate gangs of tools a machine calculated to reduce the cost
of this kind of work is obtained.

page_text: It is immaterial whether taps are used with one gang of shafts and
cutters with the other or all taps or cutters; but for providing threaded
nuts to match the bolts it is preferred to have the machine adapted for
cutting bolts at one end and nuts at the other.
Having described the nature of the Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as the
Invention to be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,―
1st. The multiple crank shafts A, B; plates E, E; wrist gears G, H;
pinions M, M; and driving shaft L, combined as described for the
purpose of operating the two sets of bolts or nut threaders S, T,
alternately as described.
2nd. The transversely sliding and multiple blank holders V, W, con-
taining receptacles for two or more feeds, arranged and applied in a bolt
and nut threader as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. In bolt and nut threaders a sliding blank holder open at the
rear to receive the blanks, and combined with a guide frame R recessed
sufficiently to receive each tool, but forming a rigid back for the blank,
as described.
4th. A cutter head X having socket Y at the rear, clearing slots Z
in the middle, and cutting dies Z' in front, all constructed and arranged
as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.