IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS WINDLASSES AND BOW STOPPERS
Year: 1882

page_text: Filed 27th July 1883.
"
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I WILLIAM HENRY
WHETTEM of 29 Noble Terrace Gateshead in the County of Durham Gentleman
Send Greeting WHEREAS Her Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain and Ireland bearing
date at Westminster the thirteenth day of May in the year of Our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two in the forty fifth year of her reign did
for herself her heirs and successors give and grant unto ine the said William
Henry Whettem my executors administrators or assigns Her special license full
power sole privilege and authority that I the said William Henry Whettem my
executors administrators or assigns or such others as I the said William Henry
Whettem my executors administrators or assigns should at any time agree with and
no others from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed should and lawfully might make use exercise and vend within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland the Channel Islands and Isle of
Man an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS WINDLASSES AND BOW STOPPERS
for and during the term of fourteen years thence next ensuing And whereas in
pursuance and performance of a proviso in the said Letters Patent contained
I the said William Henry Whettem did within six calendar months next after
the date of the said Letters Patent namely on the thirteenth day of November in
the year of Our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two cause a
Specification in writing under my hand and seal purporting to particularly describe
the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same was to be
performed to be duly filed in the Great Seal Patent Office And whereas since the
tiling of the said Specification I have been advised that the claiming clauses in the
said Specification contained might be held to cover arrangements_descriptions
of which were published before the date of my said Patent and I am there-
fore desirous of amending the said Specification by restricting the language
of the first claiming Clause and by striking out the second third and fourth
claiming clauses and by otherwise amending the said Specification and also by
amending the title of the Patent to accord with the restricted claims in the manner
hereinafter more fully appearing NOW KNOW YE that I the said William
Henry Whettem by and with the leave of Her Majesty's Solicitor General and for
Duins & I

page_text: "
:-
the reasons aforesaid Do amend the said title and Specification in manner following
that is to say I amend the title of the Patent by striking therefrom the words
"and bow stoppers'
I also amend the Specification as follows:-I strike out the
words "and bow stoppers" which occur at line 16 of the said page 2. of the
Queens Printers Copy of the said Specification published at the Commissioners of
Patents Sale Department in One thousand eight hundred and eighty two. I also
insert the words "into recesses or slots in the chain wheel as shewn in figure 1 of
the Drawings" between the words "shaft" and "while" being the first two words of
line 20 of the said page 92 I also strike out that part of the Specification com-
mencing with the words "Next I employ" which occur at line 27 of the said
page 2 and ending with the words "of the stopper "which occur at line 5 of
page 3 of the said Queens Printers Copy of the said Specification I also strike out
the word "compressed" which occurs at line 13 of the said page 3 and substitute
therefor the word "comprised" I also strike out the word " description" which
occurs at line 17 of the said page 3 and substitute therefor the word "direction "
I also strike out the words "One part of my Invention consists in the use of this
screw nut and wheel whereby the clutch mechanism of the windlass is operated
and" which occur at lines 32 and 33 of the said page 3 I also insert the words
employ a jaw clutch as herein-before described and to" between the words "to"
and "preserve" which occur at line 34 of the said page 3 I also strike out that
part of the Specification commencing with G represents the
which occur at
line 35 of the said page 3 and ending with the words " of the same which occur
at line 55 of the said page 3 I also strike out that part of the Specification
commencing with the words "the last part" which occur at line 6 of page 4 of the
said Queens Printers Copy of the said Specification and ending with the words
"of Figure 1" which occur at line 14 of the said page 4. I also strike out the
words
but first" which occur at line 17 of the said page 4 and substitute
therefor the words "nor do I claim broadly or in itself alone operating a windlass
clutch by means of a nut running upon a screw to bring it into contact with
a chain but what I do claim is" I also strike out the word
" a which
occurs between the words "of" and "nut" at line 18 of the said page 4 and I
substitute therefor the word "the" I also strike out the words "substantially as
described for operating a windlass" which occur at lines 18 and 19 of the said
page 4 and I substitute therefor the words "and a jaw" I also insert the words
"substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the Drawings" after
the word " wheel" which occurs at line 19 of the said page 4 I also strike out
the 2nd 3rd and 4th claiming Clauses commencing with the words "secondly the
arrangement" which occur at the said line 10 and ending with the words "as
usual which occur at line 27 of the said page 4.
"
wheel
"
And in Order that the effect of the said Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration
may be clearly understood I annex hereto a Copy of the said Specification as it
will appear when so amended the testing clause being omitted.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I WILLIAM HENRY
WHETTEM of 29 Noble Terrace Gateshead in the County of Durham Gentleman
Send Greeting WHEREAS her Most excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by her
Letters Patent bearing date the thirteenth day of May in the year of Our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two in the forty fifth year of her reign
did for herself her heirs and successors give and grant unto me the said William
Henry Whettem her special license that I the said William Henry Whettem my
executors administrators and assigns or such others as I the said William Henry
Whettem my executors administrators and assigns should at any time agree with and
no others from time to time and all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed should and lawfully might make use exercise and vend within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland the Channel Islands and Isle of
Man an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS WINDLASSES" upon the condition
(amongst others) that I the said William Henry Whettem iny exccutors or

page_text: administrators by an instrument in writing under my or their or one of their
hands and seals should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same was to be performed and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six Calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent NOW KNOW YE that I
the said William Henry Whettem do hereby declare the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement.
My Invention consists in modifications of the ordinary arrangements of Ships
windlasses as follows:-
=-
In the windlass instead of the usual friction or jaw clutch thrown into gear by
the movement of the chain wheel on its spindle I arrange a jaw clutch or clutches
operated by a screw and sliding upon a feather or feathers on the chain wheel
shaft into recesses or slots in the chain wheel as shewn in figure 1 of the drawings.
while the chain wheel itself is fixed rigidly to the shaft in the direction of its
length but not otherwise by which means I am enabled to maintain uniformity of
direction in the pull of the chain and I place this clutch and screw on the outside
of the chain wheel for facility of inspection access and repairs I also for the like
reasons inake what is called the traveller of two cheek pieces secured together in
any convenient way with the pawls between them having two pawls of light con-
struction for drawing chain from its locker and two stronger pawls for heaving the
anchor or warping the ship
Having thus described the nature of my Invention I will proceed more particu-
larly to describe a form of apparatus constructed in accordance therewith reference
being made to the Drawings hereto attached in which the various views and
sections similar letters are used to indicate similar parts.
Figure 1 represents a half section and half elevation of a windlass in accordance
with my Invention. Figure 2 represents an end elevation and the remaining
figures represent details. To avoid complexity and in order more clearly to indicate
the improvements comprised in my Invention I will not describe those parts which
are common to all windlasses or in which there is no essential point of difference
between my Invention and an ordinary windlass although I have thought it best
to represent a complete windlass in the Drawing. A Figure 1 is the chain wheel
secured as I have described in the direction of its length upon the shaft not other-
wise unless the jaw Clutch B is in gear with it in which case however the feather C
(being one of a pair of feathers sunk into and secured in the shaft) provides a hold
upon the clutch B and then upon the chain wheel A which amounts to securing
the latter upon the shaft both in the direction of its length and in the direction of
its revolution. D is a screw thread which may be cut upon the shaft itself or upon
a sleeve afterwards secured upon it and there is a nut operated by the handled
wheel E (E and B are shewn in detail in figures 4, 5 and 6) which nut by means of
its position on the screw is made to advance towards or recede from the chain
wheel, a collar F is attached to the nut which enters into a slot in the circum-
ference of the clutch B so as that while either can revolve independently of the
other they are incapable of longitudinal independent motion and thus the advance
of the nut or
towards or from the chain wheel puts the clutch B in gear
or otherwise therewith and through the provision already described this secures the
chain wheel to revolve or not with the shaft I am enabled by the use of this
mechanism to employ a jaw clutch as herein before described and to preserve the
uniform position of the chain wheel in regard to the line of the chain whether the
chain wheel be in gear or not.
The arrangement of pawls is shewn in figures 7 and 9. The pawls are fitted
between two cheeks P Figures 7 and 8 which form the body of the traveller, the
two upper pawls being used to take the chain out of the locker are not necessarily
so strong as the other and I therefore make one work within the other and both
form one centre as shewn in detail in figure 9, the lower pawls are of the ordinary
construction each two engaged alternately. The arrangement of cheecks open at the

page_text: back provides easy access to the pawls and easy means of inspection The traveller
is worked. in the usual way which I therefore need not describe.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and what I believe to be the
best form of apparatus constructed in accordance there with I would have it
understood that I do not claim this apparatus as such in itself, nor do I claim
broadly or in itself alone operating a windlass clutch by means of a nut running
upon a screw to bring it into contact with a chain wheel but what I do claim is
The combination of the nut and screw arrangement and a jaw clutch with a
fixed chain wheel substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the
drawings.
In witness whereof I the said William Henry Whettem have to this my
Disclaimer set my hand and seal this twenty seventh day of June
One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
I hereby grant my Fiat giving leave to the above named William Henry
Whettem to file in the Office of the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions
with the Specification to which the same relates the above written Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration.
Dated this twenty fourth day of July 1883.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Whettem of 29 Noble Terrace, Gateshead,
in the County of Durham, Gentleman for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
SHIPS WINDLASSES AND BOW STOPPERS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Whettem at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th May 1882.
WILLIAM HENRY WHETTEM of 29 Noble Terrace, Gateshead in the County of
Durham, Gentleman, IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS WINDLASSES AND BOW STOPPERS.
My Invention consists in modifications of the ordinary arrangements of ships
windlasses and Bow Stoppers as follows:-
In the windlass instead of the usual friction or jaw clutch thrown into gear by
the movement of the chain wheel on its spindle I arrange a jaw clutch or clutches
operated by a screw and sliding upon a feather or feathers on the chain wheel shaft
while the chain wheel itself is fixed rigidly to the shaft in the direction of its
length, but not otherwise, by which means I am enabled to maintain uniformity
of direction in the pull of the chain, and I place this clutch and screw on the
outside of the chain wheel for facility of inspection access and repairs.
I also for the like reasons make what is called the traveller of two cheek pieces
secured together in any convenient way with the pawls between them having two
pawls of light construction for drawing chain from its locker, and two stronger
pawls for heaving the anchor or warping the ship.
Next I employ what is known as differential gear for operating a brake strap of
ordinary construction and which gear consists of a long and short lever, operating
by the movement of a handle in opposite directions on the brake strap, so that the
actual pull on such strap is due to the difference of leverage as is well understood,
but I so arrange the parts employed by the use of two bell cranks and a connecting
link as that the ends of the brake strap are brought very near together so as to
embrace a large portion of the circumference of the brake wheel and so as at the
same time to afford simplicity, stability, and compactness on the base plate of the
windlass.

page_text: Another part of my Invention consists in modifications of the usual form of
Bow Stopper as follows:-It is usual to take the strain of the chain when the
stopper is in action upon the body of the stopper and to secure it by a loose key
and to use the tongue piece to lift the chain clear so as to allow it to run out or
be taken in. I reverse this arrangement and use a tougue piece and key to stop the
chain instead of to release it, taking the strain when the stopper is applied on the
tongue piece and key and removing them out of the way when the chain is to be
run out or taken in, by which means the wear is chiefly on the easily renewed
tongue piece instead of on the heavier part of the stopper.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Henry Whettem in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th November 1882.
WILLIAM HENRY WHETTEM of 29 Noble Terrace, Gateshead, in the County of
Durham, Gentleman IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS WINDLASSES AND BOW STOPPERS.
My Invention consists in modifications of the ordinary arrangements of Ships
Windlasses and Bow Stoppers as follows:-
In the windlass instead of the usual friction or jaw clutch thrown into gear by
the movement of the chain wheel on its spindle I arrange a jaw clutch or clutches
operated by a screw and sliding upon a feather or feathers on the chain wheel
shaft while the chain wheel itself is fixed rigidly to the shaft in the direction of
its length, but not otherwise by which means I am enabled to maintain uniformity
of direction in the pull of the chain, and I place this clutch and screw on the
outside of the chain wheel for facility of inspection access and repairs.-I also for
the like reasons make what is called the traveller of two cheek pieces secured
together in any convenient way with the pawls between them having two pawls
of light construction for drawing chain from its locker, and two stronger pawls for
heaving the anchor or warping the ship.-Next I employ what is known as
differential gear for operating a brake strap of ordinary construction and which
gear consists of a long and short lever, operating by the movement of a handle in
opposite directions on the brake strap, so that the actual pull on such strap is due
to the difference of leverage as is well understood, but I so arrange the parts
employed by the use of two bell cranks and a connecting link as that the ends of
the brake strap are brought very near together so as to embrace a large portion of
the circumference of the brake wheel and so as at the same time to afford
simplicity, stability, and compactness on the base plate of the windlass.
Another part of my Invention consists in modifications of the usual form of bow
stopper as follows:-It is usual to take the strain of the chain when the stopper
is in action upon the body of the stopper and to secure it by a loose key and to
use the tongue piece to lift the chain clear so as to allow it to run out or be taken

page_text: in.-I reverse this arrangement and use a tongue piece and key to stop the chain
instead of to release it, taking the strain when the stopper is applied on the tongue
piece and key and removing them out of the way when the chain is to be run out
or taken in, by which means the wear is chiefly on the easily renewed tongue piece
instead of on the heavier part of the stopper.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention I will proceed more
particularly to describe a form of apparatus constructed in accordance therewith
reference being made to the drawings hereto attached in which the various views
and sections similar letters are used to indicate similar parts.
Fig. 1. represents a half section and half elevation of a windlass in accordance
with my Invention.-Fig. 2. represents an end elevation and the remaining figures
represent details. To avoid complexity and in order more clearly to indicate the
improvements compressed in my Invention I will not describe those parts which
are common to all windlasses or in which there is no essential point of difference
between my Invention and an ordinary windlass altho' I have thought it best to
represent a complete windlass in the drawing.-A. Fig. 1. is the chain wheel
secured as I have described in the description of its length upon the shaft but not
otherwise unless the jaw clutch B. is in gear with it in which case however the
feather C. (being one of a pair of feathers sunk into and secured in the shaft)
provides a hold upon the clutch B. and then upon the chain wheel A, which
amounts to securing the latter upon the shaft both in the direction of its length
and in the direction of its revolution.-D is a screw thread which may be cut
upon the shaft itself or upon a sleeve afterwards secured upon it and there is a nut
operated by the handled wheel E. (E. and B. are shewn in detail in Figs 4, 5
and 6) which nut by means of its position on the screw is made to advance
towards or recede from the chain wheel, a collar F. is attached to the nut which
enters into a slot in the circumference of the clutch B. so as that while either can
revolve independently of the other they are incapable of longitudinal independent
motion and thus the advance of the nut or otherwards towards or from the chain
wheel puts the clutch B. in gear or otherwise therewith and through the provision
already described this secures the chain wheel to revolve or not with the shaft.-
One part of my Invention consists in the use of this screw nut and wheel whereby
the clutch mechanism of the windlass is operated and I am enabled by the use of
this mechanism to preserve the uniforin position of the chain wheel in regard to
the line of the chain whether the chain wheel be in gear or not.-G. represents the
brake wheel in regard to which the essential point of my Invention consists in
the arrangement of levers whereby the brake strap is operated.-This arrangement
is best shewn in Fig. 2 and in detail in Fig. 3. where H. is the brake handle
revolving on the centre H. and operating directly the bell cranks the centres of
which are marked I. and J. The depression of this brake handle produces a pull
by the crank I. upon the brake strap K. and by means of a short connecting link
it also produces a thrust upon the centre L. and through the lever L. M. N.-the
fixed centre of which is at M. this thrust at L. is converted into a pull at N. upon
the brake strap K. I regulate the relative lengths of these levers so as that I obtain
not the same pull on I. and N. but a pull at N. due to a considerable difference of
leverage and I so arrange the brake gear as that the tendency to move due to the
strain of the chain when the brake is to be operated with the chain strained and
running out shall be in the direction of the movement of the centre I. and opposite
to the direction of the movement of the centre N. this is illustrated by the arrow
in Fig. 3. which indicates the direction of rotation of the brake wheel in the
circumstances I have described.
The fixed centres are arranged near together on a strong base plate and the
centres I. and N. are so near as to embrace in the strap a larger part of the wheel.
The next part of my Invention relates to the arrangement of what is called the
traveller and consists in the general design of the same.-The arrangement of
pawls is shewn in Figs. 7 and 9.-The pawls are fitted between two cheeks P.-
Figs. 7 and 8, which form the body of the traveller, the 2 upper pawls being

page_text: used to take the chain out of the locker are not necessarily so strong as the other
and I therefore make one work within the other and both form one centre as
sbewn in detail in Fig. 9, the lower pawls are of the ordinary construction each to
engage alternately.-The arrangement of cheecks open at the back provides easy
access to the pawls and easy means of inspection. The traveller is worked in the
usual way which I therefore need not describe.-The last part of my invention
consists in the modifications of the bow stopper.-In Fig. 1. sheet 2. A. is the
stopping lever and B. the tongue piece of the stopper.-The lever A. revolves upon
the centre C, and by means of the short lever D. raises or lowers the sliding
tongue piece B. When the tongue is raised by raising the lever A. the cable is
held fast and to let it go the lever and thus the tongue is depressed.-Fig. 2 is a
section through X. Y. looking in the direction of the arrow at X. and Fig. 3. is a
section through P. Q. looking in the direction of the arrow at P.-Fig. 4 is a plan
of Fig. 1.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and what I believe to be the
best form of apparatus constructed in accordance therewith I would have it,
understood that do not claim this apparatus as such in itself, but first the com-
bination of a nut and screw arrangement substantially as described for operating
a windlass clutch with a fixed chain wheel. Secondly the arrangement of levers
operating the brake strap the fixed centres being secured near together upon a
sinal base plate and the brake strap made to embrace a large part of the
circumference of the wheel and wherein the drag of the chain tends to increase
the friction substantially as described.-Thirdly, the combination and arrangement
of an open backed traveller and pawls substantially as described.-Fourthly, the
arrangement of bow stopper substantially as described wherein the tongue piece
is operated by the stopping lever for the purpose of stopping the chain instead of
for the purpose of releasing it as usual.-In Witness whereof I have hereunto set
my hand and seal this tenth day of November in the year of our Lord, one
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
T
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Witness to the signature of William Henry Whettem.
JOHN BOWMER
15 James St. Gateshead.
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TRAILER
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