IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING ENGINE SLIDE BARS, SHEAR BLADES, MARBLE SLABS, SAW BLADES, AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES WHERE GREAT ACCURACY IS REQUIRED." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Easterbrook, James Hobson Allcard, and
Arthur Marsden Wild, all of Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineers and Railway Tool Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING ENGINE SLIDE BARS,
SHEAR BLADES, MARBLE SLABS, SAW BLADES, AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES
WHERE GREAT ACCURACY IS REQUIRED."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Easterbrook,
James Hobson Allcard, and Arthur Marsden Wild at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th
January 1869.
We, JOHN EASTERBROOK, JAMES HOBSON ALLCARD, and ARTHUR
MARSDEN WILD, all of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineers and
Railway Tool Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention-
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING ENGINE SLIDE
[Price 8d.]

page_text: BARS, SHEAR BLADES, MARBLE SLABS, SAW BLADES, AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES
GREAT ACCURACY IS REQUIRED," to be as follows;-
For this purpose we mount a grindstone, emery wheel, or other grinder
on a revolving axis carried by a suitable frame. The stone or grinder
is placed against a face plate at the end of the axis, and is there
clamped or held in a suitable chuck so that the flat of the grinder
may run truly. Opposite to the grinder is a slide capable of traversing
on guides on the frame in a direction parallel with the grinding face.
On the face of the slide (which can be set for grinding taper if required)
the article to be ground is held by suitable studs, jaws, or other con-
venient fastenings. The grinder with the parts which carry it can be
moved to and from the slide by a screw or other suitable contrivance
(or the slide may be moved towards the grinder), and so the grinder is
brought into contact with the article to be ground and the slide
traversing at the same time across the face of the grinder a perfectly
flat surface is obtained. The traverse of the slide can be obtained by
any convenient method, say by means of a rack upon it gearing with a
pinion on an axis carried by the frame and having two loose pulleys upon
it with a fast pulley between them, or by wheels or screw or any other
convenient method. These pulleys receive two driving straps, one
direct and the other crossed; they are guided by belt forks connected
with a lever, which is acted on by tappets upon the slide, so that
the tappets by coming against the lever reverse the motion of the
slide. The tappets are capable of being set to the length of traverse
required.

page_text: year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Easterbrook, James
Hobson Allcard, and Arthur Marsden Wild, Her special licence that we,
the said John Easterbrook, James Hobson Allcard, and Arthur Marsden
Wild, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we
the said John Easterbrook, James Hobson Allcard, and Arthur Marsden
Wild, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND POLISHING ENGINE. SLIDE
BARS, SHEAR BLADES, MARBLE SLABS, SAW BLADES, AND OTHER FLAT SURFACES
WHERE GREAT ACCURACY IS REQUIRED," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Easterbrook, James Hobson Allcard, and Arthur
Marsden Wild, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Easterbrook and James
Hobson Allcard, on behalf of ourselves and the said Arthur Marsden
Wild, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for
grinding and polishing engine slide bars, shear blades, marble slabs, saw
blades, and other flat surfaces where great accuracy is required. For
this purpose we mount a grindstone, emery wheel, or other grinder on a
revolving axis carried by a suitable frame. The stone or grinder is
placed against a face plate at the end of the axis, and is there clamped
or held in a suitable chuck so that the flat of the grinder may run truly.
Opposite to the grinder is a slide capable of traversing on guides on the
frame in a direction parallel with the grinding face. On the face of the
slide (which can be set for grinding taper if required) the article be
"

page_text: ground is held by suitable studs, jaws, or other convenient fastenings..
The grinder with the parts which carry it can be moved to and from the
slide by a screw or other suitable contrivance (or the slide may be moved
towards the grinder, and so the grinder is brought into contact with
the article to be ground, and the slide traversing at the same time across
the face of the girder a perfectly flat surface is obtained. The traverse
of the slide can be obtained by any convenient method, say by means of
a rack upon it gearing into a pinion on an axis carried by the frame and
having two loose pulleys upon it with a fast pulley between them, or by
wheels or screw or any other convenient method. These pulleys receive
two driving shafts, one direct and the other crossed; they are guided by
belt forks connected with a lever which is acted on by tappets upon the
slide, so that the tappets by coming against the lever reverse the motion
of the slide. The tappets are capable of being set to the length of
traverse required. In place of causing the work to traverse in front of
the grinder the grinder may, as is obvious, be caused to traverse over the
'face of the work.
And in order that our said Invention may be most fully understood
and readily carried into effect we will proceed to describe the Drawings
hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 a portion of a front elevation,
and Figure 3 a plan of grinding and polishing apparatus constructed
according to our Invention.
A is the main frame of the machine; on this is fixed a long bed B
having planed faces and V slides similar in form to an ordinary slide
lathe bed. On this bed slides a long saddle or slide C long enough to
hold the articles to be ground. The outer face of this slide is planed
true, and on it are placed the articles to be ground, which are held in
their place by small studs screwed out of the plate C just far enough
to catch the articles and prevent them shifting. The work is kept up to
the plate by means of small friction rollers D, D', D", D", fixed on
levers E, E¹, E", E", which are caused to press on the work by means
of weights hung on levers F, F, F", F, fixed on the same shafts G, G¹,
G", G, as the levers E, E¹, E", E", respectively. The position in plan
of these friction rollers and levers E, E', E", E", can be altered to suit
different lengths of work by shifting them along their respective shafts

page_text: On
G, G, G, G, in either direction. The plate C has a traverse motion
communicated to it by means of the pinion I gearing into a rack J fixed
on to the back of the plate C. The pinion I is keyed on to a shaft which
receives an alternate circular motion in either direction from a crossed
and an open belt working alternately on to the fast pulley K and loose
pullies L, .L. The motion of the plate C is reversed at either end of its
stroke by the adjustable catches M, M, and levers N, N. The handle O
is for the purpose of starting or stopping the motion of the plate C.
the front end of the main casting A is another planed face with V slides,
on which the headstock P slides in a direction at right angles to the
traversing slide C. This headstock is moved by means of the hand
wheel Q and screw R working into the nut S bolted to the headstock P.
T is the grindstone revolving with its flat side parallel with the plate C,
and its axis at right angles to the same. The stone is clipped by an iron
band which has two or more projecting lugs formed on it to enable it to
be fastened to the face plate U. The spindle of this face plate revolves
in suitable bearings in the headstock P and receives its motion from a
band on the pulley V worked from a shaft and pulley overhead. The
band is shifted on to the loose pulley W when the motion of the stone is
required to be stopped. If required to grind thinner on one edge the
face of the stone is thrown out of its parallel position by means of a
wedge raising the brass bearing nearest the face plate U, as shown on
a larger scale in Figure 4, where X is the wedge, on the front end of
which is formed a screw thread. On screwing up the nut Y the wedge
will lift the bearing Z, thereby setting the face of the stone at an angle
with the plate C.
Figure 5 is a side elevation, Figure 6 a plan; Figure 7 a front elevation,
and Figure 8 a sectional elevation of another modification of this
Invention. In this case A is the plate on which are placed the saws or
other articles to be ground. This plate is stationary and is firmly bolted
to standards B, B, fixed on foundation stones. O is a long broad bed
with planed faces and V slides similar to a slide lathe. This bed is fixed
on a foundation- stone-parallel with the plate A; on its slides à sndulé or
slide D. On this saddle D are other planed faces with V slides, in which
the headstock E is made to slide in a direction at right angles with the
plate A. by means of the hand wheel F and screw G working into the
nut H. fastened to the under side of the headstock E. The grindstone I
and face plate together with its spindle revolve in bearings on the head-

page_text: stock E in a similar manner to that described in the preceding modi-
fication, it is not however driven by an open belt but by a half crossed
belt (see Figure 5) on the pulley J working on to a long drum K fixed
overhead parallel to the bed C so as to allow the stone to travel from
end to end of the bed C. The pulley J is made wider than the belt to
allow the stone to traverse to and from the plate A. The longitudinal
traverse of the saddle D together with the headstock E and grindstone I
is effected by the following means:-On the end of the shaft L revolving
in suitable bearings on the saddle D is formed a worm M which gears
into the worm wheel N. This worm wheel has fixed on the same axis
and revolving with it a spur wheel O working into a rack P bolted to
the bed C of the machine. On the other end of the shaft L are fast and
loose pullies on which work an open and a crossed belt driven from the
long drum K overhead. The motion of the saddle D is reversed at
either end of the stroke by means of the catches Q, Q, (which can be
shifted along the bar R to suit different lengths of stroke) and the
levers S, S. T, T, T, T, are levers pressing on the plates A to hold the
work in its place. These levers are fixed on shafts U, U, which are
supported in bearings V, V, made slightly oval, so that the shafts are free
to rock a certain distance in a vertical direction as well as to turn on
their own axis. On the back end of these shafts (which are slightly
cranked) are hung weights to cause the levers T, T, to press against the
plate A. The front ends of the shafts are caused to move in a vertical
direction by the guides X, X, bolted to the bed C. Towards the front
ends of the shafts U, U, are also fixed short levers W provided on their
under side with teeth like a pinion. On the back of the saddle D is
bolted a casting having two pairs of inclined faces Y, Y, Z, Z', formed
on it for the purpose of acting on the shafts U, U, and thereby removing
the levers T, T, out of the way of the passing stone; for instance, as the
saddle D with the stone I traverses along the bed C, the incline Y (see
Figure 8) on the back end of the saddle D comes in contact with the end
of the shaft U and forces it downwards, thereby taking the end of the
lever T off the plate A. As the saddle continues its motion the incline Z
strikes against the short lever W and causes the shaft U on which it is
fixed to revolve or turn through about 90°, by this means removing the
lever T away from the path of the grindstone I. As the motion of the
saddle still continues the teeth H' on the incline Z engage with the teeth
on the under side of the short lever W and cause it to rotate through
about half a revolution, thus putting the lever T in a position to follow

page_text: up.
the stone on its opposite side and recover its vertical position as soon
as the incline Z¹ permits it to do so; then when the incline Y¹ has passed
beyond the end of the shaft U the shaft rises to its former position, thus
bringing the lever T to again press on the plate A. In order to hold
back the levers T, T, T, T, from the plate A when the work is being put
on or taken off the plate there is placed a board resting on all the
shafts U, U, U, U. When the man steps on to this board his weight
causes the front ends of the shafts U, U, U, U, to descend and thereby
lifts the ends of the levers T, T, T; T, off the plate A.
In order to grind taper either from edge to edge or from end to end
it is only necessary to loosen the bolts that hold the plate A to the
standards B, B, and introduce packing pieces on the side required so as
to throw the plate A out of its parallel position, either vertically or
horizontally, with the bed C, and therefore with the face of the grind-
stone I.
This Invention can be further modified by fixing the grindstone
spindle in a vertical position and placing the work on a horizontal
table above or below the stone, the said table having a reciprocating
motion communicated to it by any of the ordinary means.
If required an emery wheel or any other grinding or polishing
substance can be substituted for the grindstone mentioned in this
description.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed or carried
into effect, we declare that what we claim as the Invention secured
to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the con-
struction, combination, and arrangement of machinery or apparatus,
substantially as herein-before described and represented in the Drawings
hereunto annexed, for grinding flat surfaces either parallel, taper, or
rectangular in form.
We also claim the construction, combination, and arrangement of
apparatus for grinding and polishing with a revolving grindstone with
its flat side to the articles to be ground, such articles being fixed on
a plate or held by other mechanical means either whilst they are
themselves caused to traverse across the face of the stone or whilst
i

page_text: the stone is caused to traverse over them, substantially as above
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Easterbrook and James
Hobson Allcard, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-seventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.