Improvements in Garden and other Syringes, Partly Applicable also to Pumps.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvements in Garden and other Syringes, Partly Applicable
also to Pumps.
We, HARRY LUCAS, Manufacturer and WALTER ROWLEY, Brass-worker, both of
the Tom Bowling Lamp Works, Little King Street, Birmingham in the County of
Warwickshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
Our invention relates to syringes for garden watering, and other purposes, and
parts of it are also applicable to pumps and the like. It has for its objects, First
combining with the orifice of the syringe two, three, or more, nozzles in a more com-
pact and handy manner than has hitherto been accomplished, and Secondly, making
the piston adjustable in diameter to correct or adjust its fit in the barrel of the
syringe.
We are aware that syringes are already made with interchangeable nozzles, and
also with independent nozzles mounted on a rotating cap at the orifice of the syringe,
but these arrangements are inconvenient in use and easily get out of order.
We attain the first object of our invention by mounting on the end of the
syringe, a compound nozzle having two, three, or more separate compartments, each
producing a different jet, and capable of being brought in operation by rotating the
said nozzle on the end of the syringe; and we attain the second object of our inven-
tion by making, the piston of a cup-shaped piece of leather or other suitable pliant
material, fixed on to the end of the piston rod, and adapted to be expanded from
its interior by means of a split collar, or its equivalent, expanded by means of a
coned nut screwed on the piston rod.
In the accompanying drawings which fully illustrate our invention and the manner
in which it is carried into effect Figure 1. Sheet No. 1. is a view of the complete
syringe. Figure 2. Sheet No. 1. is a view-on an enlarged scale-in end elevation of
the nozzle showing the openings in the front thereof, and Figure 3. Sheet No. 1. is a
view on an enlarged scale-in end elevation of the nozzle showing the openings in
the back thereof. Figure 4. Sheet No. 1. is a view-on an enlarged scale-in
longitudinal section on lines . w. in Figures 2. and 5. of the nozzle and adjustable
piston, and Figure 5. Sheet No. 1. is a view-on an enlarged scale in longitudinal
section on lines. y. Figures 2. and 3. of the nozzle only. Figure 6. Sheet No. 1. is a
view on an enlarged scale-of the end of the syringe showing the induction and
eduction holes or openings. Figure 7. Sheet No. 1. is a view-on an enlarged

page_text: scale of the nozzle with the front plate removed, showing the method of forming
the compartments in the said nozzle, Figure 8. Sheet No. 1. is a view-on an
enlarged scale-in side elevation of one of the shaped tubes for forming the com-
partments, and Figures 9. and 10. Sheet No. 2. are views in broken sectional elevation
and plan respectively of the adjustable piston.
Throughout these views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
Referring to Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. and 8. Sheet No. 1. of the accompanying
drawings which illustrate the first part of our invention, the barrel A. of the
syringe is made in the usual manner, and is fitted with a piston A¹, piston rod A2, and
handle A3 as illustrated. The end of the barrel A. is closed by the plate a. which is
provided with central holes a' a' for the induction of the water, and with a hole a²,
placed as shown in Figure 6, for the eduction thereof. On the end of the barrel A. iš
mounted a nozzle B. which is attached thereto by a union screw C., or its equivalent,
so that the said nozzle may be rotated at the end of the barrel of the syringe for a
purpose that will presently be apparent. A washer 6. of leather or other suitable
material, is interposed between the faces of the barrel and nozzle to make a water-tight
joint. The nozzle C. consists of a bell-shaped chamber enclosed by a plate D. at the
front, and by a plate E. at the back. The interior of the nozzle is divided into three
compartments, by means of two shaped tubes F. and F. which are soldered or other-
wise fixed to the plates D. and E., and which themselves form two of the compartments.
In the plate E. are formed two holes e and e each opening into one of the compart-
ments formed by the tubes F. and F., and in the plate D. numerous fine holes are also
formed, opening in the said compartments, making a fine rose jet d for one compart-
ment, and a coarse rose jet d for the other compartment. The third compartment
forms the passage for the water to the barrel of the syringe, through the holes or
openings d. in the plate D., the quick-filling valve chamber G., fitted with a suitablo
valve J and the hole or opening e. in the plate E. The chamber G. is fixed to the
plate E. within the nozzle B. as shown. The passage for the third jet, which is a
single one as shown, consists of a taper tube E. soldered or otherwise fixed to the
two plates D. and E. within the nozzle B., the said tube having an opening d³ in the
plate D., and an opening in the plate E.
It will be seen that by turning the nozzle on the end of the barrel of the syringe,
either of the holes e e² or e³ in the plate E. may be placed opposite to the hole a² in the
plate a. at the end of the barrel of the syringe, so as to deliver the water through
either of the chambers to produce the desired jet, the induction opening for the water
being always open-controlled of course by the valve g.-owing to its central position
as shown.
Referring to Figure 4. Sheet No. 1. and Figures 9. and 10. Sheet No. 2. of the
accompanying drawings which illustrate the second part of our invention, it will be
seen that the end of the piston rod A¹ is enlarged to form a flange a³ on to which is
fixed by means of a screw or nut a¹ and washier a, a cup-shaped piece of leather, or
other suitable pliant material, forming a piston A². Encircling the threaded end of
the piston rod A' and fitting within the piston A2, is a collar K. split into two, three,
or more pieces as shown. On the inner side of this split collar is a flange k. tapered
as shown to receive a coned nut L. screwed on the threaded part a of the rod A¹.
This nut may be a fly-nut as shown, or a square, hexagon, or other type of nut as
found most convenient.
It may sometimes be more convenient to use a coned plug L' mounted loosely on
the piston rod, and a plain nut L. to operate the same, as illustrated in Figure 4.
Sheet No. 1. of the accompanying drawings.
It will be seen that by screwing the nut L. down on the rod A¹, it engages with the
split-collar K., and forces the several parts thereof outwards, and so expands the pliant
piston A².
It will be obvious that the ring K. may be made without the internal flange k., by
making its inner surface taper throughout its depth, and making the outer surface of
the coned nut L. to correspond therewith. By making the ring K. very light and
flexible it may be used if only split in one place instead of in three places as shown in

page_text: the accompanying drawings. I prefer to serrate or roughen the outer surface of the
ring K. so that it gets a better grip on the inner surface of the pliant piston, but this
is not of paramount importance.
It will be obvious that our improved adjustable piston is applicable to other articles
than syringes, such for instance as garden engines, pumps, and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
Ist. A syringe for garden and other purposes constructed specifically as set forth.
2nd. In a syringe, the bell-shaped nozzle consisting of three or more chambers or
compartments each forming a different jet, constructed, arranged, and operating
specifically as set forth.
3rd. In a syring, an adjustable piston, constructed, arranged, and operating
specifically as set forth.
4th. The combination with a syringe, of a quick-filling valve, and a rotating nozzle
forming two, three, or more distinct jets, all combined, arranged, and operating, as and
for the purpose set forth.
5th. In a syringe having two, three or more, different jets adapted to be brought
into use by rotating the said jets on the end of the barrel of the syringe, the
particular construction of nozzle whereby all the jets are formed in one nozzle as set
forth.
6th. In a syringe, the combination with the nozzle thereof, of the quick-filling
valve chamber G., the valve g. the shaped tubes F. and F. forming chambers or com-
partments for the fine and coarse rose jets, the tube H. for the single jet, the union
screw joint C. and the washer b., all constructed, arranged, and operating as and for
the purpose set forth.
7th. In a nozzle for garden, and other syringes, the combination of the plate D. having
a group of holes d. forming the induction passages, the group of holes d¹ forming
the fine rose jet, the group of holes de forming the coarse rose jet, and the hole
forming the single jet, the plate E. having a valve chamber G. formed thereon, and
holes ee and therein forming the induction passages, the shaped tubes F. and F.,
and the taper tube H., all combined, arranged, and operating as and for the purpose
set forth.
8th. In a syringe, garden engine, pump or the like, the combination with the piston
rod and pliant cup-shaped piston, of the split-collar adapted to fit within the said
piston, and the coned nut or its equivalent threaded on the piston rod and adapted to
expand the said split-collar, as and for the purpose set forth."
9th. In a piston for syringes, garden engines, pumps and the like, the combination
of the pliant cup-shaped piston A, the screw a', and the washer a, the piston rod A³,
the coned nut or its equivalent L. threaded on the said rod, and the split collar K.
having a coned internal flange k. or its equivalent, all combined arranged and
operating, as and for the purpose set forth.
10th. In a syringe the combination of the pliant cup-shaped piston adapted to be
expanded from its interior for the purpose of adjusting its fit in the barrel of the said
syringe, and of the compound nozzle for producing two or more different jets, as set
forth.
D1711
1000