CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PROALATION
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Kershaw, of Hulme, in the County. of
Lancaster, Overlooker, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Kershaw at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th November 1866.
I, THOMAS KERSHAW, of Hulme, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-,
MENTS IN THAT PORTION OF A LOOM THAT IS EMPLOYED IN "TAKING-UP' THE CLOTH,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that portion of the "taking-up motion" of a loom
for weaving ordinarily termed the "emery roller," and consists in a novel
adaptation to the said roller whereby the coating of emery ordinarily applied
to the surface thereof may be dispensed with, and a superior effect obtained.
At the back part or inner side of the said roller I apply another roller
preferably of smaller diameter, and composed of or covered with a substance
of an elastic or partially elastic character, such as caoutchouc, gutta percha,
leather, cork, woven or felted fabrics, or other suitable material, the journals
or bearings of the said additional roller having sufficient play in their
supports to admit of its resting upon or in close contact with the surface of

page_text: the main roller. The woven cloth is passed around the main roller to the
point of contact with the additional roller, over which last-named roller the .
cloth is passed and secured to the cloth beam in the usual manner, the
action of the above-described combination of rollers being such that the hold
upon the cloth increases with the strain upon or weight applied to the 5
warp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Kershaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th May 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
KERSHAW, of Hulme, in the County of Lancaster, Overlooker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Kershaw, Her special license that I, the said Thomas Kershaw, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Kershaw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THAT PORTION OF A LOOM THAT IS EMPLOYED IN TAKING-UP THE CLOTH," upon
the condition. (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Kershaw, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly, describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Kershaw, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:
My Invention relates to that portion of the "taking-up motion" of a loom
for weaving ordinarily termed the "emery roller," and .consists in a novel

page_text: adaptation to the said roller whereby the coating of emery ordinarily applied
to the surface thereof may be dispensed with, and a superior effect obtained.
At the back part or inner side of the said roller I apply another roller,
preferably of smaller diameter, and composed of or covered with a substance
of an elastic or partially elastic character, such as caoutchouc, gutta percha,
leather, cork, woven- or felted fabrics, or other suitable material, the journals
or bearings. of the said additional roller having sufficient play in their
supports to admit of its resting upon or.in close contact with the surface of
the main roller. The woven cloth is passed around the main roller to. the
point of contact with the additional roller, over which last-named roller the
cloth is passed and secured to the cloth. beam in the usual manner, the
action of the above-described combination of rollers.being such that the hold
upon the cloth increases with the strain upon or weight applied to the
warp.
:
In order that the details of the Invention may be more readily described,
and that the present; explanation and description may be easily understood, I'
have supplied herewith a Sheet of Drawings in which the principle of the
Invention is fully shewn in a section made about half size, and the application
to the loom is shewn in two Figures made to a scale of about two inches
to a foot.
Referring to the Drawings Fig. 1 is a section through the loom breast and
taking-up motion, shewing the principle and action of the Invention; Fig. 2
is an elevation of a portion of the front of a loom shewing the method of
application, and Fig. 3 is a plan of the same. In the several Figures a is the
ordinary taking-up roller, in this arrangement made with a smooth or painted
surface; 6 is the roller, the application of which I claim as novel, and which
is colored blue in the various Figures; 'c is a "fixing," one of which is
applied at each end of the "breast beam" to retain the roller 6 in position;
d is the cloth beam which is kept in contact with the taking-up roller by
means of weighted levers, one of which is shewn at e. The "breast beam "f
over which the cloth passes and the framing of the loom are of any ordinary
construction. The roller 6 may be covered with gutta percha, caoutchouc,
leather, or any similar and suitable material that will constitute a slightly
yielding surface to obtain a better hold upon the cloth. The journals of the
roller bare shewn working in lots or grooves in the fixings c, but they
may be arranged to work in the ends of short radius bars, the said radius bars
turning at their opposite ends on studs attached to the breast beam or to any
other suitable part of the framing. The action of the improved arrangement
when taking up the cloth is as follows, namely, the cloth shewn in the
:

page_text: Drawings as a red line after passing over the breast beam and on to the.
taking-up roller continuous in close contact with the taking-up roller until it
arrives at the roller b, over which it passes and descends to the cloth beam
upon which it is wound by means of the frictional contact with the taking-up
roller or in any other suitable manner, the position of the roller 6 being such
that the strain upon the cloth tends to press it into closer contact with the
roller a, from which cause the hold upon the cloth increases with the strain
at the same time that all roughing of the surface of the taking-up roller is
dispensed with.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the means for
carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood
that I claim as novel, and as of my own Invention, the application of the
roller 6 or a similar and suitable roller to the taking-up roller a in the position
shewn in the Drawings, or in any other suitable position which will cause the
strain upon the cloth when passed around the roller 6 to press the said roller
into closer contact with the "taking-up roller "a for the purpose herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Kershaw, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this
day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Signed and sealed in the
presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON.
THOMAS KERSHAW. (L.S.)