IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINES POR WINDING COPS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEAMING FROM COPS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS CONSISTING OF A DIFFERENTIAL MOTION IS APPLICABLE TO ROVING MACHINES
Year: 1864

page_text: Smalpage, of the same Place, Woollen Draper and Tailor, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF MACHINES
POR WINDING COPS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEAMING FROM
COPS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS CONSISTING OF A DIFFERENTIAL MOTION
IS APPLICABLE TO ROVING MACHINES."
Sealed the 11th November 1864, and dated the 19th May 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Combe and John
Henry Smalpage at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 19th May 1864.
We, JOHN COMBE, of Leeds, Engineer, and JOHN HENRY SMALPAGE, of
the same Place, Woollen Draper and Tailor, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF
MACHINES FOR WINDING COPS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND BEAMING
PROM COPS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS CONSISTING OF A DIFFERENTIAL MOTION
IS APPLICABLE TO ROVING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the action and arrange-
ment of machines for winding cops, and in apparatus for warping and
beaming from cops, part of which improvements consisting of a differential
motion is applicable to roving machines and consists,―

page_text: Firstly, in connecting the frame ends and middle bearers of cop winding
machines by means of cast-iron girders, bearing at three points so as to
produce a firm framework, independently of the spindle rail and top rail
which are then fitted on to seatings, so formed that the frame ends and
middle bearers being fixed contiguous to each other in a planing machine
the seatings may be planed at one operation, and in fixing the bearings
which carry the tension lever and adjusting lever to the covering plate
which protects the driving wheels so as to simplify the arrangement of
the parts of cop winding machines and facilitate their removal as required.
Secondly, in making the clutches for the spindles of cop winding machines
of a rib cast on or fixed to the top of the spindle wheel, over which rib two
jaws of bent spring steel are made to drop when the spindle is put in motion,
and are lifted by the stopping lever clear of the cross rib when the spindle is
to be stopped; these jaws of spring steel being mounted on a screw and
nut which. fits. and slides freely on the lower end of the spindle, which is
flattened on two sides.
Thirdly, in so arranging the treddle and lifting lever jointed to a socket
which receives a collar screwed to the lower end of the spindle that the
socket shall rise and fall in a right line coincident with the axis of the
spindle as it is raised or lowered by the action of the treddle, or in the
process of winding, and in making the top of the spindle split, and jointing
to the split part a small wedge-formed catch, so that when the catch end is
laid horizontally, the split in the spindle will be opened by the wedge formed
portion of the catch so as to retain the cop on the spindle, while when the
catch end is turned up perpendicularly the split in the spindle will close and
allow the cop to slip from off the spindle.
Fourthly, in placing the joint of the stopping lever on the inner side of the
line of spindles and retaining it by a double-acting spring catch, so that the
stopping lever will be liberated and stop the spindle by the pulling in or
falling down of the tension lever, or by the rising of the lifting lever an adjust-
able pin being attached to the spring catch on which the lifting lever acts, so
that the stopping lever may be liberated and the spindle stopped when the
required length of cop is wound.
Fifthly, in arranging the bobbins from which cops are to be wound with
their axes longitudinally instead of transversely to the machine, and prolonging
the friction lever 'downwards, and connecting it by a wire with an adjustable
screw to another 'lever carrying a small roller, acted on by a swell attached
to the tension lever so as to release the bobbin from friction by the pulling

page_text: in of the tension lever, which arrangement of levers is also applicable to
release the swifts from friction in winding cops from the bank.
Sixthly, in producing an uniform speed in beaming from cops by connect-
ing the weighted levers which actuate the pressing bar with a cranked lever
with two arms, one of which carries a reversing roller and slides the driving
roller carried by a shaft actuated by the driving pulley to and from the
centre of a pair of double discs, the shaft carrying which also carries a
pinion gearing into a wheel which gives motion to a sliding shaft which
receives and actuates the beam on to which the yarn from the cops set up in
the cop frames is being warped.
Seventhly, in carrying the cops set up in the cop frame on wire staples
projecting from the cop frame so as to dispense with the long tube described
in a previous Patent, using there instead a short tubular eye of glazed
pottery ware.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 19th November 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
COMBE, of Leeds, Engineer, and JOHN HENRY SMALPAGE, of the same Place
Woollen Draper and Tailor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage, Her special licence, that we, the
said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Combe and John Henry Smalpage,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ACTION AND ARRANGE-
MENT OF MACHINES FOR WINDING COPS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND
BEAMING PROM COPS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS CONSISTING OF A DIFFER-
ENTIAL MOTION IS APPLICABLE TO ROVING MACHINES," upon the condition

page_text: (amongst others) that we, the said John Combe and John. Henry Smal-.
page, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us
or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
1
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Combe, on behalf of myself
and the said John Henry Smalpage, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the action and arrange-
ment of machines for winding cops, and in apparatus for warping and beaming
from cops, parts of which improvements - consisting of a differential motion is
applicable to roving machines, and consists,-
Firstly, in connecting the frame ends and middle bearers of cop winding
machines by means of cast-iron girders bearing at three points, so as to produce
a firm framework independently of the spindle rail and top rail, which are
then fitted on to seatings so formed that the frame ends and middle bearers
being fixed contiguous to each other in a planing machine, the seatings may
be planed at one operation, and in fixing the bearings, which carry the tension
lever and adjusting levers to the covering plate which protects the driving
wheels so as to simplify the arrangement of the parts of cop winding machines
and facilitate their removal as required.
Secondly, in making the clutches for the spindles of cop winding machines
of a rib cast on or fixed to the top of the spindle wheel over which rib two
jaws of bent spring steel are made to drop when the spindle is put in motion,
and are lifted by the stopping lever clear of the cross rib when the spindle is to
be stopped, these jaws of spring steel being mounted on a screw and nut,
which fits and slides freely on the lower end of the spindle which is flattened
op two sides.
.
Thirdly, in so arranging the treddle and lifting lever jointed to a socket
which receives a collar screwed to the lower end of the spindle that the socket
shall rise and fall in a right line coincident with the axis of the spindle as it
is raised or lowered by the action of the treddle, or in the process of winding,
and in making the top of the spindle split, and jointing to the split part a

page_text: small wedge-formed catch, so that when the catch end is laid horizontally the
split in the spindle will be opened by the wedge-formed portion of the eatehi
so as to retain the cop on the spindle, while when the catch end is turned up:
perpendicularly the split in the spindle will close and allow the cop to slip:
from off the spindle.
Fourthly, in placing the joint of the stopping lever on the inner side of the:
line of spindles, and retaining it by a double-acting spring catch, so that the
stopping lever will be liberated and stop the spindle by the pulling in or falling,
down of the tension lever, or by the rising of the lifting lever an adjustable pin:
being attached to the spring catch on which the lifting lever acts so that the
stopping lever may be liberated and the spindle stopped when the required:
length of cop is wound.
i
Fiftbly, in arranging the bobbins from which cops are to be wound with:
their axes longitudinally instead of transversely to the machine, and prolong-
ing the friction lever downwards, and connecting it by a wire with an adjustable,
screw to another lever carrying a small roller acted on by a swell attached to
the tension lever so as to release the bobbin from friction by the pulling in:
of the tension lever, which arrangement of levers is also applicable to release:
the swifts from friction in winding cops from the hank.
Sixthly, in producing an uniform speed in beaming from cops by connecting.
the weighted levers which actuate the pressing bar with a cranked lever
with two arms, one of which carries a reversing roller and slides the driving
roller carried by a shaft actuated by the driving pulley to and from the centre:
of a pair of double discs, the shaft carrying which also carries a pinion gearing:
into a wheel which gives motion to a sliding shaft which receives and
actuates the beam on to which the yarn from the cops set up in the cop frames:
is being warped.
'
Seventhly, in carrying the cops set up in. the cop frame on wire staples
projecting from the cop frame so as to dispense with the long tube described.
in a previous Patent, using there instead a short tubular eye of glazed pottery >
ware.
And in order that our Invention may be more fully understood, and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto an-
nexed.
}
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figuro 1 représents a sectional elevation of a portion of a cop winding.
frame constructed according to our Invention, and Figure 2 a plan view of a..

page_text: portion of the same. In Figures 1 and 2, a, a, show a portion of the cast-
iron girder screwed with three screws (two of which are shown in Figure 1)
to the frame end and middle bearers of the machine. In Figures 1 and 2, b,
shows the seating on which the top rail d, d, is fixed, and in Figure 1, c shews
the seating to which the spindle rail e is fixed. The spindle rail e is cast with
sockets which receive the spindle wheels g, and each spindle rail has cast
thereon at intervals projecting from some of the sockets two projecting horns
ex, ex, Figure 1, on which horns lengths of covering plate fare fixed, each
length of covering plate protecting the driving wheels of a number of spindles.
To these covering plates f the small cast-iron standards i, Figures 1 and 3,.
are fixed carrying on pin joints the tension lever h, the adjusting lever 1, 1, with
moveable weight k, and the catch lever j, the tension lever h and adjusting
lever 1, 1, being connected by the wire link m, Figures 1 and 3. In Figures
1. and 4, n shows the rib cast on the spindle wheel g, over which the two jaws
of bent spring steel are made to drop by the depression of the stopping lever r,
which is retained in its position against the thrust of a spiral spring on the
pin s, Figure 1, by the catch lever j. A small tappet t, Figures 1 and 3, is fixed on
the barrel of the tension lever h, so that when the tension lever h is pulled in
by the entanglement of the yarn being wound, the tappet t will strike on a
projection on the catch lever j and cause it to release the stopping lever r,
which acted on by the spiral spring on the pins will be thrown suddenly
upwards till the sliding socket p embraced by the jaws of the stopping lever
r, r, is stopped by the projecting lug of the bracket u which is screwed to the
spindle rail e, and to which the stopping lever r, r, is jointed by a pin v, Figure 1,
in which position of the sliding socket p the spring jaws o, o, which are screwed
fast to it will be clear of the rib n cast on the wheel g, and the socket p will
be allowed to stop while the wheel 9 continues its rotation, and the lower part
g
of the spindle being made with two flat sides fitting a correspondingly formed
hole in the socket p as shown in Figures 4, the spindle will be caused to revolve
or to stop by the depression or elevation of the stopping lever r, r. A similar
tappet to the tappet t is placed on the opposite side of the barrel h, so that the
falling back of the tension lever h, when the yarn being wound is broken, will
liberate the catch lever j, and cause the spindle to stop. In Figures 1 and 2,
w shows the tredding lever, this lever is carried by and turns on pins y; it is
made open, as seen in the plan view, Figure 2, to allow the lifting lever x, to
which the socket is jointed by a pin, to play up and down in the plane of the
axis of the spindle a* to which a collar is screwed on at the lower end, which
revolves freely in the socket z, and is retained therein by the cover 6* which

page_text: screws into the socket 2, and the inner end of the tredding lever w being
jointed by a pin c* to the lifting lever a, the inner end of which slides freely
in an open slot d*, so that the play of the levers wand a will cause the socket z
to rise and fall in a line coincident with the axis of the spindle a*. Figure 5
is a separate view of some of these parts. Figure 6 shows three views of a
spindle top, full size, in which ex is the wedge-formed catch jointed on a pin
at the lower end of the split in the spindle, so that when the catch e* is
pressed to one side in the direction of the thin edge of the wedge-formed part
it will cause the split part of the spindle to open so as to retain the
slipping upwards, and vice versa when the catch ex is returned to the perpen-
dicular position the split part of the spindle will close and allow the cop to
slip off.
cop from
Having previously described the arrangement of stopping lever referred to
under the fourth head of our Provisional Specification, we will now proceed
to describe the means we use for acting on the stopping lever when the cop
is wound to the length required. For this purpose a bowed arm f* is formed
in connection with the catch lever j, which passing round the side of the
standard, projects forward as seen in Figure 3, and is made to receive a
flattened wire g*, the flattened part of which is drilled with a number of holes,
any of which may be jointed to the arm f*, and the lower end of the wire g*
being turned in so as to be caught by the lifting lever x in its ascent, and so
stop the spindle by throwing back the catch lever j. By this means the
length of cop wound may be regulated by jointing the bowed arm f* to one
or other of the holes in the flattened end of the wire 9*. Figures 1 and 2
shew the arrangement of bobbins in two lines, with their axes in, the longi-
tudinal direction of the machine, in which p* is a bar supported on two
bearers, this bar is provided with two sets of horns j* and k* which carry
wire pins m*, bent in the form of an L, the short ends of which are received
in holes drilled in the projecting horns j*, k*, as shewn in Figure 2, so
that the long ends of the pins m*, can be turned upwards when a bobbin is
to be put on, and then the end of each wire m* drops into a notch formed to
receive it in the next projecting horn, so that the bobbin is securely held in
its position during the process of winding; i* and h* are the drag levers, the
upper ends of which resting against the bobbins retard then in their motion
till the lower ends of the levers i* and h* being acted upon by the tension
lever h, through the connecting wire o*, causes the bobbins to be released
from the pressure of the levers i* and *.while the cops are being wound;
n* is an adjustable lever, one of which is attached to the lower end of a lever

page_text: g
* or h* by a frictional joint at q*, by which the action of a lever i* or h*
on the bobbin may be regulated to suit any variation in the diameter of the
bobbin heads. Figures 3 and 7 shew the arrangement of lever sx, acted on by
a swell p* on the barrel of the tension lever h, which being more powerful
than the arrangement shewn in Figure 1 we use in winding from the hank,
in which a greater retarding pressure is required on the nave of the swifts
which carry the hanks from which the cops are wound. Figure 8 shews a
side elevation, and Figure 9 a plan view, of a portion of a beaming machine,
in which a is the pressing bar carried on two levers 6, which rock on two
pivots so that the weight of the metal block c causes the pressing bar a to
press on the surface of the yarn as it is wound on to the beam. A connecting
rod f is jointed at one end to the lever b, and at the other end to a cranked
lever projecting from a round bar which rocks on two pivots h, from which
round bar another arm k projects upwards and embraces the 'driving roller i,
(made of several thicknesses of hard leather compressed between two metal
sides), which slides on the shaft 7, by which the roller is caused to revolve
by means of a key fast in the eye of the roller i, this key takes into a long
key bed planed in the shaft . The arm k also carries on a pin a reversing
roller j, made similarly to and in close contact with the driving roller i
These rollers i and j are firmly compressed by means of the nut o between two
dises m and n, keyed on the shaft p, p, the pivot ends of which revolve in two
sockets as shewn in Figure 9. A pinion is keyed fast on the shaft p, and
takes into a spur wheel r, the eye of which is provided with a key, taking
into a long key bed planed in the shaft s, s, which slides in the wheel
2, and revolves in the sockets t, t, t. The shafts carries the gudgeon of the
warp beam e, to which it gives motion by a catch as usually applied. Motion
being given to the driving pulley u it is communicated by the friction of the
two rollers i and j, to the two discs m and n, and by means of the pinion q
and wheel r to the shaft s and warp beam e, and as the yarn laid on increases
the diameter the pressing bar a acting through the apparatus described will
cause the driving roller i to move more and more towards the external cir-
cumference of the discs m and n, and so reduce the speed of rotation of the
warp beam e, in proportion to the increase of its diameter; Figure 10 is a
sectional side view of a small portion of a cop frame formed of inch and
half board shewing the arrangement of wire staples for carrying cops set up
for warping; and Figure 11 is a face view of the same shewing the cops as
placed on the staples. a, a, are the wire staples; b, the tubular eyes let into
the board; and c is a plate of very thin steel, which covers three tubular eyes,

page_text: and by means of a screw in the centre is made to give the required drag to
the yarn, which is slightly compressed between the tubular eye and the thin
steel.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Combe, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
said John Combe, in the presence of
JNO. LITTLEFAIR,
Clerk to Mr. John Blackburn,
Solicitor,
JOHN COMBE. (L.S.)
Leeds.