Improvement in Hydro Carbon Lamps for Industrial Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left. 21st Aug.. 1891-Accepted. 14th Nov., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Hydro Carbon Lamps for Industrial Purposes.
LEONARD RANDAL DAVIES, Engineer 2 North Road, New Cross, S.E.
MAURICE SHEARER, Engineer 24 Sylvan Grove, Old Kent Road, S.E. do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
Improvement in hydro carbon lamps for industrial purposes. This improvement
relates to vaporizer. It consists of two or more chambers, which may be cast all
in one casting or separate chambers. The oil may be fed first into two or more
chambers, then passing through the remaining chambers; this causing it to be
superheated to a high degree of temperature, and thoroughly vaporizing the oil.
The chambers are open at bottom, to enable them to be easily cleaned out, when
any carbon is formed. The joint is formed by cramping (by any suitable means),
the chambers on to a casting which has ports in it, to allow the oil or gas to pass
into their respective chambers; to the burner where the heat is utilized to keep the
vaporizing chambers hot.
Dated this the 21st November 1890.
LEONARD RANDAL DAVIES.
MAURICE SHEARER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Hydro Carbon Lamps for Industrial Purposes.
We, LEONARD RANDAL DAVIES, of 2 North Road New Cross in the County
of London, Electrical Engineer, and MAURICE SHEARER, of 24 Sylvan Grove,
Old Kent Rond, in the same County, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in that class of lamps, commonly called
"industrial" lamps, wherein oil contained in a suitable reservoir is forced into a
hend by air pressure, and the said head being heated, vaporises the oil which issues
in the form of gas through a nozzle and burns with a large and powerful flame,
the heat of the flame being utilized to keep the said head at the necessary
temperature.
The object of our invention is to effect improvements in the arrangement and
construction of the head or apparatus wherein the oil is vaporised.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a plan of the underside of our improved vaporiser.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of same through A. A in Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation through B B in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation through C C in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the top of the plate to which the vaporiser is fixed.
Fig. 6 is a complete sectional elevation of the lamp head, the section of the
vaporiser being taken through D D in Figs. 1 and 5.
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation shewing part of a vaporiser and plate of modified
construction.
Similar letters of reference denote similar parts throughout the drawings.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 6, the vaporiser is a hollow cone-shaped annular casting,
a four chambers by vertical partitions E E' E² Eª.

page_text: These chambers are open at the bottom and closed at the top. F is a central
orifice through which the flame passes to heat the chambers.
His a circular plate upon which the vaporiser is fixed by set screws J entering
tapped holes K in enlargements of the partitions E. The bottom of the vaporiser
and the top of the plate are faced, and an asbestos washer' E is interposed to form
a gas-tight joint. In place of set screws, studs provided with nuts may be screwed
into the holes K, or any other suitable means inay be employed for holding the two
parts tightly together.
The oil from the reservoir ascends through the pipe M and enters the first
chamber through the port N, here it becomes heated and partly vaporised and
passes to the second chamber through the port P in the top of the partition E',
from the second it passes to the third chamber through the port P¹ in the bottom
of the partition E, and from the third to the fourth and last chamber through the
port in the top of the partition E³. By this time the oil is completely vaporised
into dry gas, which passes down the pipe Q to the burner R.
S is a saucer to contain cotton waste, or other suitable material, saturated with
naptha, paraffin, or oil, for heating the vaporiser to start the lamp in the usual way.
TT are sheet metal casings surrounding the apparatus.
Our improved vaporiser consists of two pieces only, with a single joint. This
joint can be opened with the greatest readiness by simply removing the set screws
or nuts. There are no intricate or inaccessible parts or passages for the lodgment
of carbon deposit. The chambers in the vaporiser are large and can be cleared in
a moment, but we find that the vaporisation, effected by our arrangement is so
thorough that little or no deposit takes place and the lamp can therefore be run for
a long time without it being necessary to take the head apart, while at the same
time we obtain a white flame, perfectly free from spray or smoke.
These results are obtained by the high temperature to which our vaporiser is
raised and the length of time during which the oil within the head is subjected to
the vaporising process.
We do not confine ourselves to dividing the head into four chambers only, though
we find this number to answer well in practice.
In place of the ports P P¹ P' in the partitions E, we may employ the
arrangement shewn in Fig. 7.
In this case H is the circular plate and E one of the partitions in the head, the
oil or gas from any one chamber passes to the next chamber by means of the port V
in the plate H and the vertical pipe W. In practice however we prefer the
previously described plan.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In lamps of the class described, a vaporiser consisting of an annular chamber
surrounding the flame and divided into compartments, so arranged that the oil enters
the first compartment, proceeds successively through the series, and leaves the last
compartment in the form of gas.
2. A vaporiser consisting of an annular chamber closed at one end, and divided
into compartments by partitions E E' E'E', provided with ports P P P³, in com-
bination with an annular plate H, provided with ports N and Q, and secured to the
said chamber by set screws J, or other suitable devices, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth, with reference to Figs. 1 to 6.
3. A vaporiser consisting of an annular chamber closed at one end and divided
into compartments by partitions E, in combination with an annular plate H, pro-
vided with ports V and tubes W and secured to the said chamber by any suitable
device, substantially as and for the purposes set forth, with reference to Fig. 7.
4. The combination of an annular chainber divided into compartments by
partitions E, with ports P, an annular plate H, with ports N and Q, an oil pipe M,

page_text: gas pipe Q, saucer S, burner R and casing T, forming a lamp head, substantially
as set forth.
5. The combination of an annular chamber divided into compartments by
partitions E, an annular plate H, with ports N, V, and Q and pipes W, an oil
5 pipe M, gas pipe Q, saucer S, burner R and casing T, forming a lamp head,
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 21st day of August. 1891
AMBROSE MYALL,
21, Cockspur Street, London, S.W., Agent for the Applicants.