Year: 1895

page_text: I, THEODOR BERGMANN of Gaggenau in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In all reflecting stoves for gas-heating at present in use, the burners are placed
above the reflector. This arrangement is subject to the following inconveniences :
I) the whole of the bottom space is not utilised in a practical manner; and II) the
pipe for carrying off the gas allows too much cold air to enter the chimney.
In my new reflector stove, I put the fire, or, if it is heated by gas, the burners,
below the reflector and I obtain thereby the advantages hereafter described.
In the accompanying drawing, Figs. 1 and 2 show, in transverse section, my new
gas-stove.
(a) is the pipe for the admission of air; (b) the burners; (c) the escape-pipe for
carrying off the products of combustion; (d) the heating chambers; (e) the
reflectors; (f) the safety cover; (h) the protector against counter-radiation.
The operation of the new stove is as follows:
The pipe (a), secured in a gently ascending position, exhausts the cold air
arising from below and conveys it, previously heated by the wall of the heating
chamber (9) to the burners (b). The pipe (c) exhausts the combustion gases
from (b), and conveys them through its numerous windings or sinuosities, con-
tinually rising towards the chimney. In the case of larger stoves, these pipes
may, of course, be carried higher.
The pipe (c) is secured in such a manner, that it forms, between its different
sinuosities, heating chambers (d), drawing the heat from the walls of the pipe on
which account the two sides of the stove are perforated; therefore there will always
be an inward draught of cold air which will pass out in a heated state. The side
walls may also be closed, but in that case pipes must be provided at the two sides,
in order that the air may enter at the bottom and go out at the top. In order to
prevent counter-radiation from the opposing sides from which the gases proceed in
the heating chambers, I provide intermediate metal walls. Moreover, if the
bottom is pierced, a strong circulation of air will be established in the chambers,
seeing that all the walls or sides are upwardly directed. The air will enter at (k)
and go out heated at (1). Besides, above the burner and therefore between the
front (m) and the reflector (e), I provide a transparent wall, made of gypsum or
selenite, which causes the radiation of the flame to remain on the reflector, while
no gas or combustion product can leave. This arrangement is only adopted with a
view to give increased assurance, seeing that, in any case, the ascending pipe
always affords sufficient draught to exhaust all the gases.
The gypsum, or selenite, is arranged or secured in such a manner that it can be
taken down as soon as the stove burns well and a strong draught is established in
the flue. The arrangement of the side walls is such that they can be conveniently
opened or taken out, in order to easily remove the dust deposited in the heating
chambers on the sides of the exhausting pipe. The reflector (e) in my new com-
bination is also of increased efficacy, and it may be of either a concave or a convex
shape; all that is necessary is to observe the precise angle according to the size of
the stove.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
In reflecting stoves:-
1. The placing of the flame, that is to say the burner (6) below the reflector (e);
2. The exhaustion of the combustion gases by ascending pipes (c), situated
behind the reflector (e);
3. The use of reflectors in a convex direction, the whole as described and for the
purposes specified.
Dated this 17th day of December 1895
L. DUVINAGE,
Agent for Applicant.