IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR METHOD EMPLOYED FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING FUEL, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Jowett and George Hunter, both of Leeds,
in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS OR METHOD EMPLOYED FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND ECONOMIZING FUEL,
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.'
"
Sealed the 23rd April 1875, and dated the 29th October 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Jowett and
George Hunter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 29th October 1874.
We, JAMES JOWETT and GEORGE HUNTER, both of Leeds, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR METHOD EMPLOYED FOR CONSUMING SMOKE
AND ECONOMIZING FUEL, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
"
The object of our Invention is to burn or consume the smoke or
products of combustion arising from fire-places or furnaces in which
fuel is being burnt, so as to prevent the nuisance arising from the
non-combustion of such smoke, whereby an increased heat is generated
and consequently less fuel is required. To accomplish this we make

page_text: provision for supplying the fuel by means of a hopper or by any other
suitable method.
The flame from the fire passes over an ordinary or slanting bridge
immediately behind which we provide an opening which can be closed
to any required extent by a suitable cover, which opening is provided for
the admission of atmospheric air either at the ordinary pressure or at
any increased pressure obtained by suitable means.
The air passing up behind the aforesaid bridge mixes with the smoke
or products of combustion and renders them inflammable. This mixture
is made to pass over another bridge placed immediately behind and
beyond the one already alluded to, and at such a distance therefrom as to
ensure perfect and complete intermixture of the various gases and other
substances produced by the combustion of fuel so that they shall reach
the particular part of our furnace which is novel and necessary for the
entire combustion. This consists of an arch or hanging bridge or
partition made by preference of firc-clay, fire-brick, or other material
capable of retaining heat which first conduces to complete the admixture
of air and smoke or the products of combustion, and then when it is
sufficiently heated by the passing flames and smoke causes the combined
gases and air to ignite, thereby consuming the smoke. This hanging
bridge, arch, or partition is placed behind and beyond both of the
aforesaid bridges and at a suitable distance therefrom.
.
This Invention is applicable to furnaces in which a high temperature is
required, and in order to show the general application of it we hereafter
mention several description of furnaces or fire-places :-Furnaces used
for the manufacture or manipulation of iron or steel, furnaces for
founding glass or making articles of glass, also those for dyeing,
chemical, or brewing pans, vessels, or furnaces, stoves, and gas or other
retorts:
-
Our Invention has not reference to Cornish or other horizontal boilers. {
used for the generation of steam, where the furnace is. alone used for
generating that steam; but should a boiler be heated by the superfluous.
heat from puddling or other furnaces to which our Invention may be
applied, in this case we do not except this particular kind of boiler,
..Our Invention is also applicable to marine or vertical boilers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said James Jowett and George Hunter in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 29th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
JOWETT and GEORGE HUNTER, both of Leeds, in the County. of York,.
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of October, in tho.
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four,
in the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs
and successors, give and grant unto us, tho said James Jowett and
George Hunter, Her special licence that we, the said James Jowett
and George Hunter, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said James Jowett and George Hunter, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR METHOD EMPLOYED FOR CONSUMING SMOKE AND
ECONOMIZING FUEL," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said James Jowett and George Hunter, our executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed; and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Jowett and George
Hunter, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the.accompanying Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked
thereon, that is to say:-
The object of our Invention is to burn or consume the smoke or
products of combustion arising from fire-places or furnaces in which
fuel is being burnt, so as to prevent the nuisance arising from the

page_text: non-combustion of such smoke, whereby an increased leat is generated
and consequently less fufel is required. To accomplish this we make
provision for supplying the fuel by means of a hopper or by any other
suitable method.
The flame from the fire passes over an ordinary or slanting bridge,
immediately behind which we provide an opening which can be closed
to any required extent by a suitable cover, which opening is provided
for the admission of atmospheric air cither at the ordinary pressure or at
any increased pressure obtained by suitable means.
The air passing up behind the aforesaid bridge mixes with the smoke
or products of combustion and renders them inflammable. This mixture
is made to pass over another bridge placed immediately behind and
beyond the one already alluded to, and at such a distance therefrom as
to ensure perfect and complete intermixture of the various gases and
other substances produced by the combustion of fuel, so that they shall
reach the particular part of our furnace which is novel and necessary for
the entire combustion. This consists of an arch or hanging bridge or
partition mado by preference of fire-clay, fire-brick, or other material
capable of retaining heat which first conduces to complete the admixture
of air and smoke or the products of combustion, and thus when it is
sufficiently heated by the passing flames and smoke causes the com-
bustion, and thus when it is sufficiently heated by the passing flames and
smoke causes the combined gases and air to ignite, thereby consuming the
smoke. This hanging bridge, arch, or partition is placed behind and
beyond both of the aforesaid bridges and at a suitable distance therefrom.
The Invention is applicable to furnaces in which a high temperaturo
is required, and in order to shew the general application of it we
hereafter mention several description of furnaces or fire-places :-
Furnaces used for the manufacture or manipulation of iron or steel,
furnaces for founding glass or making articles of glass, also those for
dycing, chemical, or brewing pans, vessels, or furnaces, stoves, and gas or
other retorts.
Our Invention has not reference to Cornish or other horizontal boilers
used for the gencration of steam where the furnace is alone used for
generating that steam, but should a boiler be heated by the superfluous
heat from puddling or other furnaces to which our Invention may be
applied, in this case, we do not except this particular kind of boiler.

page_text: Our Invention is also applicable to marine or vertical boilers..
The manner in which this Invention is or may be performed or
carried into practice will be readily understood by reference to tho
accompanying three Sheets of Drawings representing three of the.
various applications of our Invention."
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
"
Sheet 1 represents the application of our Invention to a "ball '
furnace,, in which Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section; Fig. 2.
a transverse section through A, B, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a sectional plan
through C, D.
Sheet 2, to furnaces for founding glass or making articles of glass,
in which Fig. 1 represents a vertical section; Fig. 2 a section
through A, B; Fig. 3, an external view of front of furnace; Fig. 4,
a sectional plan through C, D; Fig. 5, a section plan through E, F.
Sheet 3, to furnaces, kilns, or stoves for burning bricks and other
plastic forms, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section; Fig. 2, a section
through A, B, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a section through C, D, Fig. 2.
In cach of these Drawings we will mark the corresponding parts with
the same letters, the construction of cach of these parts being so near
alike.
The fuel may be supplied to the furnace a by means of a hopper or
any other suitable method.
We provide an ordinary slanting bridge b behind which is an opening c
which can be closed to any required extent by a suitable cover d or damper,
this opening c is provided for the admission of atmospheric air either
ȧt the ordinary pressure or at any increased pressure obtained by, a fan
or other suitable means.
The air passing up behind the aforesaid bridge b mixes with the
smoke or products of combustion and renders them inflammable. This
mixture is made to pass over another bridge e placed immediately
behind and beyond the slanting bridge b, and at such a distance there-
from as to insure a perfect and complete intermixture of the gases
and other substances produced by the combustion of fuel, so that they
shall reach the particular part of our furnace which is necessary for
the entire combustion. This consists of an arch, hanging bridge, or
partition, made by preference of fire-clay, fire-brick, or other material

page_text: capable of retaining heat which first conduces to complete the admixture
of air and smoke, or the products of combustion, and thus when it is
sufficiently heated by the passing flame and smoke causes the combined
gases and air to ignite, thereby consuming the smoke. This hanging
bridge, arch, or partition is placed behind and beyond both the aforesaid
bridges band e and at a suitable distance therefrom.
We would here remark that our Invention is applicable to dycing,
chemical, or brewing pans, vessels, or furnaces, stoves, and gas or other
retorts, as well as those furnaces herein described, but we would observe
that our Invention has not reference to Cornish or other horizontal 1
boilers used for the generation of steam where the furnace is alone used
for generating that steam, but should a boiler be heated by the
superfluous heat from puddling or other furnaces to which our Invention
may be applied, in this case we do not except this particular kind of
boiler.
•
Our Invention is also applicable to marine or vertical boilers.
°
Having thus set forth the nature of our said Invention, and shown by
Drawings and description thereof how the same may be performed or
carried into practical operation, we would have it understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the exact limits, details, or configurations of the
various parts we have explained and shown, as the same may be
modified without departing from our Invention, but what we do claim
and desire to be secured to us by Letters Patent is, the arrangement,
construction, and combination of the various parts forming the means or
method herein-before explained and shewn for consuming smoke and
economizing fuel, substantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Jowett, for myself and on
behalf of the said George Hunter, have hereunto set my hand
and scal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.