IMPROVE- MENTS IN REPRODUCING OR. IN PRODUCING. COPIES OF GUIPURE LACE, EM- BROIDERY, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention. of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REPRODUCING OR. IN PRODUCING. COPIES OF GUIPURE LACE, EM-
BROIDERY, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES."-A communication from. abroad by
Rosalie Clémentine Tillard, of Paris, France.
Sealed the 19th September 1862, and dated the 19th March 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his. Petition, on the
19th March 1862.
"
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent,- do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REPRODUCING OR IN PRODUCING COPIES OF GUIPURE LACE,
EMBROIDERY, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," (communicated to me from abroad by
Rosalie Clémentine Tillard, of Paris, France,) to be as follows:
This Invention consists in producing without the aid of engraver or draughts-
man stereo plates iof all designs and patterns, which possess or are capable of
offering a relief, such as Guipure embroidery, lace, and the like.. The process
followed consists in principle in making the object to be reproduced serve
itself for its own, reproduction. The means for. carrying the Invention into
effect may vary, as will be seen from the following description: Supposing a
piece of lace is to be reproduced, the lace is applied upon the substance which
is to become the: stereoplate, it may be wood, metal, stone, or other material,

page_text: provided the surface be sufficiently smooth. Before being applied, the lace is
soaked or plunged in a fatty or other liquid capable of resisting acids, the lace
is spread out quite flat upon the surface, which let us suppose is a zinc plate,
then an acid is spread over the lace and the plate, the effect of which is to
bite out all the parts of the plate not protected by contact therewith of the
lace prepared with the fatty liquid, and when the acid has acted sufficiently
the lace is removed, when all the parts of the plate covered by the threads of
the lace present in relief the pattern of the lace. This is termed "the direct
transfer."
By the indirect transfer now next to be described, the lace to be reproduced
is not destroyed, as in the preceding case, and better effects are also obtained.
A coating is made, consisting of resinous, fatty, and alkaline bodies, and liquid
nitrate of silver. For the resinous bodies preference, is given to India bitumen,
gum lac, and benjamin; for the fatty bodies, to tallow, wax, and purified
linseed oil, and for the alkaline bodies, to soap and caustic potash. The order
and the relative proportions preferred for the fusion and mixture of all these
substances is,
01.

page_text: submitted to pressure; after the pressure is withdrawn the lace is taken off,
which carries with it that part of the coating with which the threads had been
in contact, then take paper, by preference unsized, but previously coated on
one side with some agglutinant. When this agglutinant is dry, the lace is
placed upon with the side on which it had taken the composition off the plate
downwards, then place paper on the lace, and a soft material upon it, and
press as before, the composition on the lace will be thus transferred on to, the
paper on which it had been laid. The paper on which the composition has
been:so transferred from the lace must be kept damp, and is placed upon. a
previously, cleansed. metal plate, which we will suppose zinc,; with the face)
bearing the composition. downwards. Pressure is applied on the back of the:
paper, and it is gently moistened, several successive pressings are applied; and:
the paper is thoroughly, wetted.and drawn off, leaving the impression which it
carried on the zinc plate. The plate is dried or allowed to dry, gum water is;
applied. over. its surface; and then clear water to remove the gum, it is then
gently, wiped. The surface is damped, and by means of a roller the following..
composition, or one similar to it, is applied: Well ground lampblack mixed.
with purified. linseed oil to give the mixture the consistence of printing: ink,
then in the proportion of about one-tenth of this mixture to about eight-tenths.
of the composition on which the lace was first laid, add about one-tenth- of
zumic siccative. The plate is allowed to dry, and the design is powdered over!
with powdered resin, and an acid is applied to the plate; which bites out the non-
protected parts. The plate, in relief may be obtained, by paniconography, by
electrotypy, stereotypy, and, in fact, by any process by which-relief-may be given
to a design traced or deposited upon a surface. If a negative reproduction be!
desired, it is necessary before the first pressure to place, the agglutinized paper
between the lace and the cloth or felt, and to submit this paper to all; the
operation herein-before described for obtaining the positive reproduction of the
design. Should it not be desired to obtain the stereoplate in relief, place upon
a smooth-surface a composition used for autography, or one similar to it, apply,
the lace upon it, apply pressure, and remove it. As it has become impregnated
at all its points of contact with the composition, it is transferred directly to the
surface of a stone, metal, or, other plate, prepared in the usual manner, for:
autography; the lace is removed, and the transfer is fixed by the ordinary,
means.. The. stereoplate in relief may be used either flat, or when of metal
may be fixed on rollers or cylinders, and may be used. instead of the heavy and
costly engraved cylinders now used in printing.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed,
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office;
on the 19th September 1862: ::
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD:
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent's
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year. of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence, that I, the said Richard!
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others'
as I, the said. Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and'
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully 1
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great'
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN REPRODUCING, OR IN PRODUCING COPIES OF GUIPURE LACE,
EMBROIDERY, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," (communicated to me from abroad by
Rosalie Clémentine Tillard, of Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst 2
others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands.
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months 2
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent,
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
3
This Invention consists in producing without the aid of engraver or
draughtsman stereoplates of all designs and patterns, which possess or are
capable of offering a relief, such as Guipure embroidery, lace, and the like,
The process followed consists in principle in making the object to be
reproduced serve itself for its own reproduction. The means for carrying 3
the Invention into effect may vary, as will be seen from the following
description;-Supposing a piece of lace is to be reproduced, the lace is

page_text: applied upon the substance which is to become the stereoplate; it may be
wood, metal, stone, or other material, provided the surface be sufficiently
smooth. Before being applied the lace is soaked or plunged in a fatty or
other liquid capable of resisting acids. The lace is spread out quite flat upon
the surface, which, let us suppose, is a zinc plate, then an acid is spread over
the lace and the plate, the effect of which is to bite out all the parts of the
plate not protected by contact therewith of the lace prepared with the fatty
liquid, and when the acid has acted sufficiently the lace is removed, when all
the parts of the plate covered by the threads of the lace present in relief the
pattern of the lace. This is termed the "direct transfer."
By the indirect transfer now next to be described, the lace to be reproduced
is not destroyed, as in the preceding case, and better effects are also obtained.
A coating. is made consisting of resinous, fatty, and alkaline bodies, and liquid!
nitrate of silver. For the resinous bodies, preference is given to Judea
bitumen, gum dac, and benjamin'; for the fatty bodies, to' tallow, wax, and'
purified linseed oil and for the alkaline bodies, to soap and caustic potash.
The order and the relative proportions preferred for the fusion and mixture of:
all these substances is,-
Judea bitumen
Tallow
-
Wax
Resin
.-
Gum lac...
Purified linseed oil
Benjamin
Soap
Caustic potash
Liquid nitrate of silver
25
parts:
25.
5
12.
-. 16
3
3
First raise the bitumen to fusion, then introduce the tallow, and when this!
is dissolved add the next substance, and so on in the above order, but take
care not to add one substance before that preceding it is dissolved or melted,
and from the fusing of the bitumen until the addition of the last substance the
mass should be constantly stirred. This composition is spread lightly over-
some smooth and even surface, upon it the lace to be reproduced-is laid, and
upon the lace a sheet of paper, the nature of which varies with the purpose"
for which it is employed, whether as a simple agent, or whether as a repro-
ducing negative, as will be hereafter stated. If the paper is only used as a
simple agent it requires no previous preparation. Upon the paper an elastic

page_text: or supple material is placed,, such as cloth, felt, or the like, and the whole.is,
submitted to pressure; after the pressure is withdrawn the lace is. taken off,
which carries, with it that part of the coating with which the threads had been,
in contact. Then take, paper, by preference, unsized, but previously coated,on,
one, side with some agglutinant. When this agglutinant is dry the lace is
placed upon it with the side on, which it had taken the composition off the
plate downwards, then place paper on the lace, and, a soft material upon it,
and press as before; the composition on the lace, will be thus transferred on, to
the paper on which, it had been laid. The paper on which the composition
has been so transferred from the, lace-must be kept damp, and, is placed-upon
a previously cleaned, metal plate, which, we will suppose, zinc, with; the face
bearing the composition downward. Pressure is applied, on, the, back of, the
paper, and it is gently moistened, several successive pressings are applied, and
the paper, is thoroughly, wetted and drawn off leaving the impression, which it
carried on the zinc plate: The plate is dried, or allowed to dry, gum water is
applied over, its surface, and then clear water to remove, the gum, it is, then
gently, wiped. The surface is damped, and by means of a roller the following
composition, or one similar to it, is applied:-Well ground; lampblack mixed:
with purified linseed oil, to give the mixture the consistence of printing ink;
then in the proportion of about one-tenth.of this mixture to about eight-tenths
of the composition on which the lace was first laid add-about one-tenth of
zumic siccative. The plate is allowed to.dry, and. the design-is, powdered over
with powdered resin, and an acid is applied to the plate, which, bites out the
non-protected parts. The plate in relief may be obtained by paniconography,
by electrotypy, stereotypy, and, in fact, by any process by which relief may
be given to a design traced or deposited upon a surface. If a negative
reproduction be desired, it is necessary before the first: pressure to place the
agglutinized paper between the lace and the cloth, or, felt, and to submit this
paper to all the operations, herein-before described, for obtaining the-positive
reproduction of the.design. Should, it not be desired to obtain the stereoplate:
in relief, place upon a smooth surface a composition used for, autography, or
one similar to it, apply the lace upon it, apply pressure, and remove it. As it.
has become impregnated at all its points of contact with the composition, it is
transferred directly to the surface of a stone, metal, or other plate, prepared in.
the usual manner, for autography; the lace is removed, and the transfer is.
fixed by the ordinary means. The stereo plate, in relief may be used either;
flat, or when of metal, may be fixed on rollers or cylinders, and may be used,
instead of the heavy and costly engraved cylinders now used in printing.

page_text: And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, producing copies
of Guipure lace, embroidery, and other like articles by the processes and in
manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Ninėteenth day of September, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.s.)