Improvements in Access to and Ventilation of Drains with Reducing Sockets for Soil and other Pipes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1895
Improvements in Access to and Ventilation of Drains with
Reducing Sockets for Soil and other Pipes.
I, JOHN BARRON of 129, Hubert Grove, Landor Road, Stockwell in the
Administrative County of Surrey, Sanitary Plumber, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in drainage construction
vic. ;-to facilitate access to the interior of the drains in cases where it is desired
to avoid the expense of a brick or other inspection chamber. The form of my
improved access pipes is shewn by the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1. being a sectional elevation shewing the application of my improved triple
and single access pipe in situ, B. is the intercepting trap, A. main drain from house
and C. the outlet to sewer. A stoneware or other pipe is connected to a socket
formed on the intercepting trap above the mouth of same, and continued to a little
below the ground line and surmounted with the improved triple access pipe as
shewn at F. F. the top of which is hermetically sealed by an air-tight iron access
cover and frame finished flush with the ground line. The iron frame of the
airtight cover is secured by Portland or other cement in a socket formed on the
access pipes at h. specially made for receiving it. A movable cover is provided
and made air-tight by a Standford or other joint, with a chain, attached at one end
to cover H. and the other end to the top of the access pipe as shewn. This cover
may also be provided with a "hit and miss " groove and slots to prevent same
being blown out by sewer air. Ordinary stoneware or other single junction pipes
are connected to each end of the outer arms of the triple access pipe and connected
to similar stoneware or other junctions (preferably curved) one connected to the
main drain from the house, placed as near the inlet of the intercepting trap as
convenient, another near the outlet of the interceptor.
This arrangement affords a ready means of access for sweeping the drains in the
event of a stoppage on either the sewer or house side of the intercepting trap.
The junction at d. affords ample provision for the ventilation of the drain or
sewer and should be continued full bore above the roof. When this ventilation is
not required an ordinary straight stoneware or other pipe may be substituted. In
a similar manner the junction shewn at P. allows the admission of fresh air for
ventilating the entire length of drains and the upcast pipe at the highest end of
the drain, usually the soil pipe. G. is a cast iron pipe continued about six feet
above the ground line and provided with an ordinary mica air inlet valve.
When desired a grate may be substituted for the air-tight iron access cover on
the triple access pipe, which will answer as the fresh air inlet. In such cases the
pipe and junction G. P. can be dispensed with and an ordinary straight stoneware
or other pipe used in place of the junction. K., is a single access cover shewn
fixed at the extreme end of the drain, or may be fixed on branch drains. These
are also provided with movable covers as at J. and secured with Standford or other
air-tight joints and air-tight iron access covers as before described. A base is
formed on the bottom of these to facilitate fixing.
The access pipes are of stoneware, earthenware, iron, or other metal and formed
to various angles to suit varying circumstances, and in sizes to suit the different
size of drain pipes commonly used.

page_text: I do not confine myself to the exact form of the triple access pipe as shewn as I
may make them with a division at H and continue this arm to the surface so as to
entirely cut off communication of H from the other two arms.
Fig. 2. is a vertical section of an improved reducing socket connecting a 4" soil
pipe to a 6" drain. A. flange of the same material as the socket is formed on the
bottom of same and is made the exact size of the diameter of the inner part of
the socket of the drain pipe C. and eccentric with B. so as to allow soil pipe A to
be connected to the drain in a straight line without a double bend and with the
back part of flange made to the exact size of the inner part of the socket as at E.
A true alignment is thus maintained with the soil pipe. A long socket is formed
at F. which can be slipped over the end of the bottom length of soil pipe before
being fixed, and, when the same is fixed the reducing socket can be slipped into
socket G., when the drains are laid and cemented in position, terminating at the
surface or otherwise, and the soil pipe fixed and terminating a few feet from the
surface. Difficulty is in such cases invariably experienced in getting the soil pipe
in position, owing to two sockets two slips are required and the attempt to obtain
the same usually results in the socket at G. being broken, or in another way the
soil pipe is cut short of one slip so as to pass over the edge of socket G.
consequently half the requisite slip is only given at each socket leaving imperfect
joints. The improved sockets remedy these defects &c.
Fig. 3 is another form of reducing socket with similar flange, but concentric
instead of eccentric, this socket has a shoulder H. H. and is intended to be fixed
in position prior to the soil pipe.
Figs. 4 & 5 are plans of 2 & 3.
Fig. 6 shews another form of socket receiving a 4" soil pipe and connected to
a 4" drain. The collar at J. J. is made slightly larger in these to allow a good
fillet of cement in same, the lower part of the collar being made the exact size of
the iron soil pipe or brass spigot pieces so as to ensure a true alignment with soil
pipe and drain as before described. These sockets may be of earthenware stoneware
or metal.
Fig. 7. shews the method hitherto in use which is a bad form of joint as
excrementitious matters are retained at K. which eventually result in a stoppage.
The form of my improved sockets entirely obviate these defects.
Fig. 8. is a plan of Fig. 7.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what former the seme is to be performed I d
claim is
I
1. An eccentric and concentric form of reducing socket as de-cribed and
illustrated substantially, and as set forth.
2. A single or triple access pipe to drain and newer as described and illustrated
substantially and as set forth.
3. The system of construction and arrangement of pipes for purposes of inspection
and ventilation as described, illustrated, and as set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1895.
JOHN BLACK,
Agent for Applicant.