Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Making Tubes by Winding.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 29th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 21st Nov., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Making Tubes by
Winding.
A communication from LUDWIG NICOLAI, of Löbtauer Strasse, 20, Dresden, in
the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer.
I, EMIL SALTZKORN of 42 Argyle Square, in the County of Middlesex, Consul,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This apparatus is designed for the manufacture of tubes of various kinds,
lengths and sizes of paper, cardboard and the like, and the chief features of
its construction and mode of operation will be understood from the following
description.
The tubes are wound upon a mandrel being formed out of long strips of the
material wound spirally upon the mandrel first in one direction and then in another
and if necessary with longitudinal flat strips or complete plain tubes laid in where
required to strengthen or otherwise improve the tube.
The particular construction of the machine or apparatus may considerably vary
as may be understood, but the main features may be as follows:-The machine is
carried upon any suitable standards and bed and is provided with any required
number of driving or supporting head stocks or the like as well as means for
supplying the strips to be wound upon the mandrel, for revolving and reciprocating
the mandrel, for supplying the adhesive material to the strips, and for drying the
tube. According to the construction of the machine the mandrel may be made
either a little longer than the tube to be wound upon it, or double that length or a
little more. Upon the bed or framework is carried a head stock provided with
preferably three spirally grooved rollers, or rollers so provided with a spiral
periphery that when revolved they cause the mandrel to revolve also and at the
same time impel it in a direction parallel to its axis. The mandrel passes
through any convenient number of supporting devices which may consist of
three or more arms carried in a suitable bracket or framework, and at their
ends which approach the mandrel having bails, rollers or the like which are
adapted to engage with the mandrel, or with the tube being formed upon it
either firmly or lightly or just to clear it but prevent it sagging or playing about.
All of these arms may be fixtures, but preferably the two bottom ones will be
fixed and the top one adapted either under weight or spring pressure to press upon
the mandrel or tube which would thus be in engagement with all of the supports
which would be adjustable as to their position. Preferably in the same head stock
which carries the spiral rollers are provided other rollers or pulleys whose function
is merely to return the mandrel to its starting point without revolving it the
arrangement of mechanism being such that when the spiral rollers are in gear with
the mandrel the other rollers are out of gear and vice versa, any suitable arrange-
ment of clutch or equivalent mechanism being adopted to effect these objects.
The portion of the mechanism for supplying the strip of the material to be
wound may consist of a suitable bracket connected with the bed or frame of the
machine and either fixed or movable and carrying the roll of the material and
suitable guide rollers to supply it in the required manner and the gluing or
pasting apparatus may if desired be arranged in connection with this part of the
mechanism. Any suitable form of gluing apparatus well known in similar trades
may be used, a convenient method being to have a roller revolving in a dish or
tray of the adhesive material and the strip to be glued passing in contact with this
roller so that as it travels one side of it becomes covered with the adhesive
material.

page_text: The drying apparatus may consist of a simple head stock or frame fixed or
adapted to be secured at any desired part of the bed or framework and having
a central opening or a tube or equivalent heated by steam, hot water, gas or other
means so that the tube in passing through becomes sufficiently dried. This drying
apparatus may also be arranged, but if preferred a separate head stock may be
provided to carry it, so as to press upon and consolidate the tube as it passes
through, thus either drying and consolidating with the one portion of the mechanism,
or doing it at two separate operations though in many cases the consolidating would
not be required. Where it is required to consolidate the tube this may be done by
providing a suitable number of arms or plungers or simply a sectional sleeve or
tube adapted to accommodate the varying sizes of tube and to press upon it the
facing surfaces which may either be heated or not, and may if desired be employed
to impart a polished surface to the tube. One way of forming this part of the
apparatus would be to employ say four plungers arranged like the dogs of a
spiral lathe chuck the spiral portion of the chuck being so arranged as to cause
these dogs to approach or recede from the tube at the centre in the well known
manner.
The longitudinal bands may be applied when required but preferably during that
portion of the operation when the mandrel has completed one revolving travel
and is being drawn back without revolving by the mechanism provided for that
purpose. The strip would be carried on a suitable roller and, either gummed or
not as required, would be secured at one end to the mandrel or to the tube being
formed thereon and as the mandrel retraced its steps the strip would be unwound
from the roller and cut the required length before the mandrel began to revolve.
The operation would be as follows:-
'
By any suitable means, such as a clamp, slit in the mandrel or the like, the end
of the first strip would be secured to the mandrel and as the mandrel was caused
to traverse and revolve the strip would be spirally wound upon the mandrel. The
strip would then be cut off the mandrel returned to its original position and the
strip again applied but in such a position as to cover the joint line formed by
the previous strip each succeeding strip thus breaking joint with it contiguous ones.
Where each succeeding strip is to be applied in the contrary direction to that of
the preceding one this may be done by applying it from the opposite side to that of
the first and revolving the mandrel in the opposite direction. The longitudinal
strip or strips would be applied as above explained say after the first spiral has been
wound; then the second spiral would be wound upon the straight strip and other
succeeding straight strips or spirals wound as required.
If desired instead of retracting the mandrel after one spiral has been wound it
will be readily understood that it may be retracted with a spiral movement in the
same or the opposite direction to the original one another strip being thus spirally
wound upon it commencing at the opposite end to that of the first one. This
arrangement would make the operation more continuous but would interfere with
the laying of the longitudinal or straight strips in the manner previously described,
but by causing the mandrel to pause for the requisite time before the return move-
ment was commenced and by allowing the rollers carrying the longitudinal strips to
traverse the mandrel or by other means by applying the straight strips while the
mandrel was stopped this difficulty may be overcome.
Dated this 1st day of December 1890.

page_text: Figure 4 a cross section of the machine.
Figures 5 6 and 7 are views illustrating the manner of forming a tube according
to this invention the example here shown being one in which one end of the tube is
closed.
In operation one or more lengths of tube a¹ Figure 1 are passed on the mandrel b
which is then inserted between the curved jaws d of a disc or face plate c k¹ which
jaws form as it were a funnel shaped opening. The jaws may be fitted with
heating apparatus which may consist of steam pipes and are adapted to tightly
compress the surfaces coated with adhesive material and cause them to dry. Two
horizontal pulleys e e' are arranged to grasp the mandrel b with the paper or card-
board upon it and to cause it to move forwards, e¹ being the driving-pulley and
receiving motion from the upper shaft through the medium of bevelled friction-
rollers I and II. A band or strip of paper supplied from a roll f and caused to
pass through a basin or trough g filled with adhesive material, as it moves up to the
mandrel, reaches the latter at a point near the bottom of the tube and is wound
around it in spiral convolutions as in Figure 6, for which purpose, after the rollers e
and e¹ have been thrown out of gear, the mandrel is engaged with by three
rollers provided with screw-threads in relief, and is by them moved longi-
tudinally while at the same time revolving about its axis. By applying additional
sheets of cardboard to the mandrel so that their edges covered with adhesive
material overlap and in passing through the disc or face plate care compressed,
the length of the tube may be extended at will, such sheets being in their turn
enveloped by the spiral convolutions of the band covered with adhesive material
as in Figure 6.
The diameter of the mandrel 6 varying according to the desired diameter of the
tube to be produced, it will be understood that the parts which are to guide it
should be adjustable. This applies in the first place to the jaws d of the disc c.
The jaws d of which there may be two three or more (three being shown in the
drawings) are each provided with an arm d¹ guided in a corresponding recess
in a disc k and provided each with teeth adapted to engage with the spiral
thread of the disc c. This disc is loose upon the disc k which is stationary

page_text: .
and by the flange of which it is retained in position. When the loose disc c is
turned in the one or the other direction the arms d' are radially moved closer to or
farther away from the centre of. disck:.
For throwing the horizontal rollers e e¹ into or out of gear, or operating the
screw-threaded rollers the arrangement is such that the former are brought
to rest by the very fact of the latter being set in motion and vice versa. In the
side pieces of the frame C mounted upon the bed B the three rollers h h h³ are
so arranged that the shafts of the lower rollers h¹³ supported in one common
bearing are guided in recesses m m¹ while the shaft of the upper roller h is
supported in brackets o o' arranged to move within slots n n' on either side, and
thereby enabling the distance between the rollers to be adjusted according, to the
desired diameter of the tube.
?"
The lower bearings are supported by a double forked lever p pivotted at x
and in the same manner the upper brackets. o o' are supported by another double-
forked lever p' pivotted at x. The backward ends of these two levers p and pl
are held within sleeves provided with spiral cam grooves. The pivot of the
lower lever p is stationary, while that of the upper lever pl is adjustable: in
accordance with the position of the upper roller h and with the desired thickness of
the tube. By turning the crank-handle a double effect is obtained; on the one
hand, through the medium of a pair of bevel wheels the sleeves mounted upon
the shaft a are so operated as to impart a. diverging or converging motion to the
levers p p', whereby the two lower rollers are simultaneously caused to ascend or
descend and the upper roller conversely to descend: or ascend; and on the other.
hand the nut v fitted on to the end of the spindle u, screw-threaded for the purpose,
will be operated by the said spindle and thereby convey motion to the shaft of the
roller el so as to bring it nearer to or farther away from the mandrel, the bearing 5
holding the said shaft and resting upon a suitable support or standard being; con-
nected with the slotted.arm 2 which through another lever I is connected.with the
forked link w secured to the nut v.
When the spindle is turned in one direction the roller e¹ is by the lever arrange-
ment above described pressed against the mandrel so as to impart longitudinal
motion thereto,. while at the same time the rollers h h h² move away from the
centre of the mandrel. By turning the spindle in the opposite direction, the
roller e is moved away from the mandrel while the rollers h h then begin to
operate. The guiding of the mandrel may further be assisted by ball-bearings.
When the machine is set in operation the rollers e e¹ to which motion is imparted
in the first place transmit it to the mandrel which they cause to move forward
towards the rollers h¹². The roller e¹ then moves out of engagement with the
mandrel or tube upon it and the rollers h h h² in their turn begin to operate and.
cause the paper strip fed from the roll to be wound helically around the mandrel.
When the desired length of tube is attained, the rollers are thrown out of gear
again,.and the direction of rotation being reversed the rollers e e¹ move the mandrel
back into its initial position; whereupon a fresh length of tube placed upon the
mandrel may be submitted to the same operation.
If desired the end of the tube may be closed in by placing the star shaped
pièce a a³ of paper carboard or the like over the first layer laid on the mandrel
and so that the central piece a² will cover the end of the mandrel and the arms a
coated with a suitable adhesive material will be around the cylindrical part of the.
tube and mandrel. The subsequent spiral.and other wrappings will'secure.this: star
in place and complete the operation.
Having now. particularly described, and ascertained the nature of the: said
invention as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and: in what manner.
the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim.is :-
1. A machine such as described comprising three rollers such as h h h³ provided
with screw-threads and adapted to move the mandrel (b) forward while it
revolves; a centreing plate such as ek having curved jaws such as d. horizontal

page_text: rollers such as e e¹ being arranged to produce the forward motion; and the
respective coupling mechanisms being so arranged that while the rollers e e¹ are in
gear the screw-rollers h¹hare out of gear and vice versa substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus such as described a centreing plate consisting of a fixed slotted
plate such as k an open centred spirally-threaded disc or face plate such as c and
two or more jaws such as d d adapted to engage in the spiral groove of c and
having means for heating their operating ends substantially as described and illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In apparatus such as described the combination with rollers such as h h¹ h²
arranged two upon one sliding frame and one upon another sliding frame of forked
levers such as p p and cams secured upon the same shaft A substantially as
and for the purpose described and illustrated in Figure 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
4. In apparatus such as described the combination with the mechanism described
in Claim 3 of mechanism such as described for engaging or releasing the
rollers e e¹ alternately with the rollers h h h² substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Dated this 20th day vi augus
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT.
Agents for the Applicant.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT.
Agents for the Applicant.