Year: 1888

page_text: I, ADOLPH ALTMANN of Acker Stı. 68, Berlin, Germany, manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to he
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
'
My invention relates to the method of evaporating the petroleum and mixing the
same with a proper amount of air, in such a manner as to prevent the evaporated
petroleum from exploding in the inlet pipe, which often causes very disagi eeable
consequences.
In order to make this invention clear I refer to the accompanying sheet of drawings,
in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different figures
Fig. 1 shows a section of part of a vertical petroleum motor fitted with this
improved method of evaporating the petroleum.
Fig. 2 shows a section of the part d through the line x-y fig 1.
Fig 3 shows a cross section of the heating pipe r.
Fig. 4 shows a modification of the same as applied to a horizontal petroleum motor
Fig 4 is a sectional view of a modification of the evaporating apparatus as shown
in fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the evaporating piper on a larger scale.
Into the air valve chest L of a common vertical petroleum motor there is led one
end of a tuber made from very thin material, either metal or porcelain while the
other end leads into the air suction box S of the usual construction this thin tube is
protected by a non conducting packing where it enters the chest L, and provided
with a supply pipe m in the centre, for the petroleum which is supplied to it from the
pump P worked from the machine
There is a pipe leading from the au box S into the chest L, and connected to the
same by a mantel and the ports d.
The air supply pipe
from the box S to the thin tube, which is heated, is provided with a self-closing valve
Between the chest L and the cylinder is the cut-off valve c

page_text: (fig 5) or an adjustable throttle valve (screw or other means fig. 1) by which the
admission of air can be regulated so that the gas mixture in can be ignited
In the modification as fitted to a horizontal petroleum motor fig ; the place of
the ports d d in the air case L on the bottom of the cylinder, there is a self-closing
valve y used, closing from the inside, through which the air enters and mixes with the
evaporated petroleum, in order to make an explosive mixture, which is exploded in the
cylinder by a flame at z
To set a petroleum motor, which is fitted with the above described apparatus, in
motion:
The thin tube or pipe is heated by means of a lamp or gas flame to a temperature
of 400° C. and the fly wheel of the motor turned and the pump P put in motion, and
a jet of petroleum, the velocity of which is in proportion to the velocity of the pump
pistion, is forced into the tuber in which it is evaporated; as the introduction and
evaporation of the petroleum takes place without coming in contact with air, so is an
explosion of the same impossible
This evaporated petroleum is led into the casing L where it is mixed with air,
which is diawn from the box S through the pipe 1 and this explosive mixture is led to
the cylinder through the valve c which is operated from the machine, at the end of
the next compression stroke of the motor this explosive mixture is ignited from a flame
at and pressure generated and expansion and exhaust follow in the well known
manner
In the modification as shown in figs. 4 & 4, the setting of the motor in motion is
the same as that already described, but the evaporated petroleum is not mixed with air
till it arrives in the cylinder, which is brought about by a self opening valve y.
After the mixture of the gas with air and the compression of the same, the explosion
takes place at the commencement of the stroke, and the compressed gas and air turned
into power and expanded as described
The above described arrangement prevents the ignition of the evaporated petroleum
in the evaporating pipe and prevents the irregular explosion of the mixture in the
cylinder, but a regular explosion at the commencement of the stroke of the engine
can be depended upon.
A further improvement consists in the peculiar arrangement of the exhaust valves,
which results in a speedy and complete exhaust of the exploded gases; this is brought
about automatically and does not give the machine any more work to do.
This improvement consists in the arrangement of two exhausting valves a and b on
the cylinder, one a being placed at the bottom of the same fig I while the other b
1s placed near the highest position of the stroke of the piston, both being in commu-
nication with the cylinder
The valves are so arranged in relation to the cylinder that the valve a opens
inwards to the cylinder while the valve 6 opens outwards, the valves are so arranged
that by opening the valve b the valve a is opened, but the valve a is arranged inde-
pentent of the other so that it can open alone or remain open independent of the
other.
The exploded gases in the cylinder are exhausted completely and quickly through
these two valves; when the piston has travelled beyond the opening of the valve b
the pressure acting on the same opens it and through the rod K and lever h opens the
valve a Atmospheric air now flows through the cylinder, and a speedy clearance of
the cylinder from gases takes place
This arrangement allows a greater area of opening for exhaust, and consequently a
smaller stroke of the valves and therefore a noiseless working.
The exhaust valves are held open by cams on the valve shaft in the well known
manner, so that on the descent of the piston the air or remaining gas in the cylinder
is expelled through the valve a, after which the valves are shut and by the third stroke
the necessary petroleum gas and air is drawn in, which by the fourth stroke is
compressed.
By the above described method the exhaust of the exploded gases occurs both
through the valve b and valve a.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ⚫
1) In petroleum motors the process of evaporating the petroleum by the heated
piper without mixing the same with air, then leading the same into the air casing L
where it is mixed with atmospheric air and from hence led into the cylinder as an
explosive mixture, for the purpose of preventing a premature explosion of the same.
2) The arrangement and combination of the two exhaust valves a and b in such a
manner that the one 6 opens outwards and the other a opens inwards, and so connected
to each other that the opening of the valve 6 opens the valve a for the purpose of
speedy and complete exhaustion of the exploded gases from the cylinder.
1000
Dated this 4th day of June 1888.
ADOLPH ALTMANN.
By A. Kuhnt & R. Deissler,
38, Alexander Str., Berlin, Germany,
His Attorneys.