Improvements in or applicable to Railway Brakes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 10th
July 1805
Complete Specification Left, 10th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 16th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 16th May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to Railway Brakes..
We THOMAS ATKINSON AINSCOUGH of 191 Bower Street Newton Heath
Engineer, and CHARLES NAPIER AINSCOUGH 63 Queen's Road Harpurhey,
Fruiterer, both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention relates to the construction of hand brakes for railway trucks or
wagons.
The objects of the invention are to save both weight and expense, and to make
the brake applicable at both sides of the truck (both for putting on and taking off)
by one person on either side without the necessity for having to cross the lines as.
hitherto also to make the brake lever guards act on the brake levers at both sides
of the truck simultaneously, and to cause the said guards to be self acting in
bolding-on the brakes, thereby dispensing with the use of pins or pegs and leaving
the brakesman both hands free to work the brakes.
For the purposes cf. our invention about midway between the two axles we
support, on two hangers fixed to the truck frame, a brake shaft the ends of which
are squared. The said brake shaft is shorter than the width of the truck frame.
the hangers being set-off from the inside of the frame on blocks, so as to bring the
squared ends of the shaft in a line with the edge of the wheels.
Upon each of the squared ends of the said shaft we fix a bent brake lever the
free ends of which levers extend nearly to one end of the truck, each working in
the slot of a hanging guard which is mounted on the side of the frame, both guards,
being mounted on the squared ends of a shaft which passes through the truck frame:
one side to the other, so that when the brakesman releases the guard at one side of
the truck, he at the same time (and by the same action) releases the guard on the:
other side of the truck.
Each brake lever is made in the form of a bell-crank with a long arm forming.
the handle, and a short arm at right angles thereto. At one side of the truck the
short arm projects downwards, and at the other side the short arm projects upwards,
and each short arm has jointed to it a thrust rod the other end of which is jointed
to the brake block, so that as the two long arms are lifted together both brake.
blocks are taken off the wheels, and as the long levers are allowed to fall, or are.
thrust downwards, both brake blocks are pressed against their respective wheels..
The brake blocks are supported by links hanging from brackets fixed to the truck.
frame.
We prefer to make each thrust rod of two flat plates with an eye at or near each
end, but they may he made of round rods and forked at the ends. We also prefer
to make the brake lever guards of a long plate doubled about the middle so as to
form a slot through. which the handle end of the brake lever passes. The inner
edge of the guard is provided with a notch near the top, and the brake lever or
handle with a triangular catch or tooth for resting on the same, the guard being:
so hung that it has a tendency to fall inwards automatically so as to support the
levers when raised.
The lower part of the inner face of the guard is made with a notched rack so
that when the brake lever or haudle is released from the upper notch and is allowed,

page_text: to fall, or is pushed downwards, the toothed rack falls automatically inwards against
the catch or tooth and holds the brake "on" until it is released by the brakesman
pulling the guard outwards.
The working parts therefore of our improved duplex brake are very few, vizt. :
one brake shaft with squared ends two bell crank brake levers, two hanging
guards on the squared ends of the same shaft, two thrust rods, and two brake
blocks with two liuks for supporting the same. The brake blocks are so formed
that the same pattern answers for both front and rear brakes by merely reversing
the position.
Dated this 9th day of July 1895.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or applicable to Railway Brakes.
We THOMAS ATKINSON AINSCOUGH of 191 Bower Street, Newton Heath,
Engineer, and CHARLES NAPIER AINSCOUGH, of 63 Queen's Road, Harpurhey,
Fruiterer, both of Manchester in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The objects of the invention are to save both weight and expense, and to make
the brake applicable at both sides of the truck (both for putting on and taking off)
by one person on either side, without the necessity for having to cross the lines as
hitherto also to make the brake lever guards act on the brake levers at both
sides of the truck simultaneously, and to cause the said guards to be self acting in
holding-on the brakes, thereby dispensing with the use of pins or pegs and leaving
the brakesman both hands free to work the brakes.
;
Such being the nature and object of our invention the manner in which the
same is to be performed or carried into practical effect will be readily understood
on reference to the annexed two sheets of drawings and the following explanation
thereof.
Fig. 1 on Sheet 1 of the annexed drawing is a side elevation, Fig. 2 a plan view
and Fig. 3 on Sheet 2 of the drawings a transverse section of the framing and
wheels of a railway truck with our improved brake attached thereto. The remaining
figs. on Sheet 2 are detached views of portions of our invention hereinafter more
particularly referred to. a is the wooden framework of the truck, 6 the axles
and the running wheels.
For the purposes of our invention about midway between the two axles 6 we
support, on two hangers d fixed to the truck frame a, a brake shaft e the ends of
which are squared. The said brake shaft e is shorter than the width of the
truck frame a the hangers d being set-off from the inside of the frame or blocks
so as to bring the squared ends of the shafte in a line with the edge of the
wheels c.
Upon each of the squared ends of the said shaft e we fix a bent brake lever f
the free ends of which levers extend nearly to one end of the truck each working
in the slot of a hanging guard g which is mounted on the side of the frame a, both
guards being mounted on the squared ends of a shaft h which passes through the
truck frame from one side to the other, so that when the brakesman releases the
guard g at one side of the truck, he at the same time and by the same action)
releases the guard on the other side of the truck.
The shortening of the brake-shaft e and bending or setting inwards of the
levers forms an important feature of our invention as it enables the power of
the levers to be applied in a direct line with the tyres of the running wheels besides

page_text: 19-
dispensing with weight and it will be evident that this part of our invention can
"Moreton's "
also be advantageously applied to the existing arrangement known as
brake, as shown on the detached view Fig. 5.
Each brake lever is made in the form of a bell-crank with a long arm f forming
the handle, and a short arm + at right angles thereto. At one side of the truck
the short arm f+ projects downwards and at the other side the short arm f+ projects
upwards, and each short arm + has joined to it a thrust roli the other end of
which is jointed to the brake block k, so that as the two long arms fare lifted.
together hoth brake blocks k are taken off the wheels c, and as the long levers fare:
allowed to fall or are thrust downwards both brake blocks k are pressed against
their respective wheels c. The brake blocks & are supported by links 7 hanging
from brackets fixed to the truck frame a. On the plan view Fig. 2 the brakes are
only shown as applied to two of the wheels, but it will be evident that by making
the levers T-shaped (ie. with two short arms f+ instead of one) the brake blocks
may be applied to all four wheels.
We prefer to make each thrust rod i of two flat plates (see Fig. 2) with an eye
at or near each end but they may be made of round rods and forked at the ends.
We also prefer to make the brake lever guards g of a long plate doubled about
the middle (see Fig. 3) so as to form a slot through which the handle end of the
brake leverf passes. The inner edge of the guard g is provided with a notch near
the top (see detached view Fig. 4) and the brake lever or handle with a catch or
tooth m for resting on the same, the guard g being so hung that it has a tendency
to fall inwards automatically so as to support the levers when raised.
The lower part of the inner face of the guard g is made with a notched rack n
so that when the brake lever or handle is released from the upper notch and is
allowed to fall, or is pushed downwards, the toothed rack n falls automatically
inwards against the catch or tooth m and holds the brake "on" until it is released
by the brakesman pulling the guard g outwards.
To prevent the possibility of the catch or tooth m on one leverf falling into a
notch on its guard g whilst the corresponding catch or tooth upon the lever f at the
other side of the truck rests upon one of the teeth of the rack n (which might
possibly happen owing to the straining of a lever or otherwise) we prefer not to
mount the notched guards g rigidly upon the squared end of the shaft h, but to
affix a shoe or cap p thereon (see detached views Fig. 4) and to mount the said
guard g on the rounded part of the shaft. The edges of the shoe or cap are turned
up and the guard g works between these edges so that a slight amount of "play" is
given to the said guard whereby if the catch or tooth on one side of the truck
should have a tendency to remain on one of the teeth of its rack n the guard at
the other side can act independently in applying or releasing the brake.
The working parts therefore of our improved duplex brake are very few, viz.
one brake shaft with squared ends two bell crank brake levers, two hanging guards
on the ends of the same shaft, two thrust reds, and two brake blocks with two
links for supporting the same, or four if required. The brake blocks are so
formed that the same pattern answers for both front and rear brakes by merely
reversing the position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The improved construction and arrangement of brakes for railway trucks
substantially as bereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings annexed
whereby the construction of duplex brakes for such trucks is greatly simplified
(there being fewer parts than heretofore) the weight and cost thereof considerably
reduced and their action improved and rendered more certain in effect, and especially
we claim the bending or setting inwards of the brake levers f and the shortening
of the brake shaft a whereby we are enabled to apply the power of the levers in
a direct line with the wheels and inside the hangers; and we also claim the

page_text: construction and arrangement of the notched hanging guards g so that they
can act independently in releasing and applying the brake on either side of
the truck.
Dated this 9th day of April 1896.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.