An Improved Boiler for Circulation of Hot Water suited to Kitchen Range and other Fires. FOR CIRCULATION or HOT WATER SUITED TO KITCHEN RANGE, AND OTHER FIRES
Year: 1885

page_text: An Improved Boiler for Circulation of Hot Water suited
to Kitchen Range and other Fires.
RICHARD ATKINSON PERROTT 6 Lancaster Quay Cork Ironfounder do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED BOILER FOR CIRCULATION
or HOT WATER SUITED TO KITCHEN RANGE, AND OTHER FIRES, to be as follows:-
The boiler is in shape like a coverless box, inverted, (the sides, and top, of
which are waterways) with portion of one side removed, and the adjacent sides
continued outwards.
Between these continued sides (on which are waterway projections) is placed
the fire.
Portion of the flame passes over the oven, either to the right, or left, as the case
may be, and the remainder rises into the box at the back (which has a projecting
lip so as to readily catch the flame).
From this, the flame passes down the side of the oven, runs underneath it, and
joins the remainder of the flame & which passed over the top of the oven, and from
thence into the chimney.

page_text: to Kitchen Range and other Fires.
RICHARD ATKINSON PERROTT 6. Lancaster Quay Cork Ironfounder do hereby
declare the nature of the invention for AN IMPROVED BOILER FOR CIRCULATION OF
HOT WATER SUITED TO KITCHEN RANGE AND OTHER FIRES and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-.
The present invention relates to the construction and arrangement of circulating
boilers and is especially adapted for use with kitchen ranges or cooking stoves
having hot air and gas chambers or flues arranged in the manner described by me
in the specification accompanying my application for Letters Patent bearing date
29th April 1885, No 5315 in which the heated gases of combustion are divided and
caused by a special arrangement of division plates and baffles to impinge upon and
heat the top, bottom, sides and back of an oven or boiler.
My improved circulating boiler is intended not. for the supply of hot water in
the kitchen, but for the purpose of heating water in a cistern or system of pipes
arranged on a higher level, and may be described as resembling in shape a coverless
box turned bottom up (the sides and bottom of which are waterways) with a
portion of one side removed and the adjacent sides continued outwards.
These side extensions of the boiler which I prefer should be waterways are
intended to lie one on either side of the fire.
A portion of the flame passes over the oven either to the right or left as the case
may be, and the remainder passes through the opening in that side of the boiler
which is next the fire and strikes against the under surface of the top waterway
which in front has a projecting lip so as to readily catch the flame.
The flame having heated the inner surfaces of the inverted box-like boiler passes
down the side of the oven as described in my specification N° 5315 above referred
to, passes below the said oven and joins the other current of flame &c, which passed
across the top of the oven, and thence enters the chimney.
The invention is susceptible of various modifications in detail to meet special
conditions such as the size of the range, the construction and setting of the range
and the character of the water to be heated, as will be bereinafter more fully
explained reference being made to the accompanying Drawings in which :-
Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the position of my boiler with respect to the
fire box and oven of a kitchen range the hot plate being removed.
Fig. 2 is a section through the boiler and fire box on the line 1-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 represents in isometrical perspective one of my improved boilers detached,
the fire bars being also represented in the position they occupy when the boiler is
fitted.
Fig. 4 is another of my improved boilers of a slightly different pattern.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section of a boiler on the line 3-4 of either Fig. 3,
or Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 shows my improved boiler as constructed for ranges in which it is not
convenient or requisite to employ the hollow sido extensions.

page_text: Fig. 7 is a view of a boiler similar to that shown in Fig. 1 in which the
transverse waterway is dispensed with, the boiler being intended for ranges of
small dimensions.
Fig. 8 is an isometrical perspective view of a boiler substantially similar to those
represented in Figs. 3 and 4, but showing a slight alteration in its position with
respect to the fire bars.
Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 7 illustrating a variation in the shape of the
transverse lip of the boiler.
Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section showing more clearly the position of the fire bars
with respect to the hollow extensions and transverse waterway of the boiler which
it is advisable to adopt under some circumstances.
Fig. 11 illustrates in isometrical perspective a modification of the boiler and its
appurtenances to suit a very usual form of setting.
In all these Figures the same letters of reference are used to indicate like or
corresponding parts.
A is the boiler proper arranged to form the top of a hot air or gas chamber at
the back of the stove, into which chamber a portion of the heated gases of com-
bustion from the fire box B pass, and after impinging upon the under or inner sides
of the boiler descend beneath the oven, and uniting with another stream of, gases
(which sweeps across the top of the oven, as shown by arrows in Fig. 1 and
descends beneath the oven) pass off by a common flue after the manner described
in the specification No 5315 accompanying my application dated 29th April 1885.
The boiler A is preferably shaped as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 that is, it resembles
somewhat a coverless box turned bottom up, the bottom a, back b and sides c,
being hollow to form waterways, two of the hollow sides being prolonged as at c¹.c¹,
and the side next the fire box having in it an opening d by which the of
combustion pass to the interior of the hot air chainber D of which the boiler A
forms the top or cover.
gases
It will be observed that the effect of making an opening or orifice d such as is
shown in the Drawing, in the side c next the fire box is practically to convert the
part immediately below the said opening into a fire bridge. or deflector over which
the gases of combustion are drawn and by which they are caused to impinge on the
inner or under surface of the bottom a of the inverted box; which part a really
constitutes the top of the boiler; and also on the back and sides b, c, before
descending through the chamber D.
In boilers of sufficient size to permit of it, that portion of the side c or bridge as
I shall hereafter for distinction term it, which is next the fire box, is hollow and
constitutes a waterway; and similarly in boilers of adequate size the side
extensions c c are also waterways, but in small boilers these waterways are so
restricted that they have a tendency to become rapidly furred especially if the
water be not very pure, and to burn through. When these parts are large enough
however to serve as waterways they greatly add to the heating capacity of the
boiler, for as will be seen on reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the flames not only pass
over the transverse waterway or bridge but over one or both of the side, water-
ways cc thus greatly economizing fuel.
I preferably give the side waterways c¹ c¹ the overhanging or projecting form
shown in Fig. 3, but they may for less expensive boilers be of the simple form
shown in Fig. 4.
The general formation of the main portion of these boilers will be more
completely understood from a reference to Fig. 5 which is a section on the line 3-4
of either Fig. 3 or 4.
When the transverse waterway or hollow bridge cannot be used with advantage
for the reasons above given, I employ a solid bridge as shown in Fig. 7, as this
bridge whether hollow or solid forms an essential element of my invention.
When the bridge is solid it may be made separately from the bottom, sides and
back of the boiler; and as shown in Fig. 7 may conveniently serve to carry the rear
ends of the fire bars,""

page_text: When the side waterways c¹ c¹ cannot be used with advantage, there is no object
in replacing them by solid extensions and in that case if the range will admit of it
I prefer to dispense with them altogether the boiler then taking the form shown
in Fig. 6.
I prefer in all cases that the lower front edge of the hollow top of the boiler a
shall overhang the fire bridge, and I preferably give to this edge a rounded or lip
like form the better to catch the products of combustion and draw them with
accelerated velocity through the orifice d.
•
In some cases the character of the water used is such that the transverse water-
way is apt to become furred and burnt through, even when of considerable area
owing to sediment and mineral deposits.
I ain enabled in great measure however to remedy this defect by locating the
fire bars on a somewhat higher level than the bottom of the boiler, and such an
arrangement is illustrated in Figs. 8 and 10.
In this arrangement the deposits accumulate below the point of greatest heat
where the fire strikes and their presence is therefore not so injurious to the boiler.
Fig. 9 needs no description; it represents a boiler with solid bridge similar in
construction and arrangement to that shown in Fig. 7. The lip of the boiler,
however, is shaped to produce with the bevelled bridge a tapering orifice tending
to an increased velocity of the flame at that point and to better combustion and
heat.
Fig. 11 represents a modification of my invention adapted for use with ranges
of small dimensions in which there is not room for waterway sides of proper
capacity.
In other respects the arrangement is similar to those already described the
boiler A covering in or forming the top of a hot air chamber D situate at the back
of the fire box or range, and the projecting lip or front edge of the boiler bearing
the same relation to the fire bridge as in the previous examples.
For convenience in setting this boiler it is formed with flanges as at ce, and the
setting (preferably of firebrick) completes the closing in of the hot air or gas
chamber D below the boiler.
The position of the fire bars with reference to the bridge is substantially the
same as that described with reference to Figs. 2, 3, 4, 6 and 9, but it will be
evident that in any or all of these arrangements the fire bars might be arranged
somewhat above the level of the bottom of the boiler, or what is the same thing
that the boiler might be so proportioned and arranged that when fitted in place its
bottom would be below the level of the fire bars. I do not restrict myself to the
precise form of the lip of the front of the boiler, above the bridge, as it may vary
considerably and be made solid or hollow as in Fig. 9 without departing from my
invention.
Although my boiler in its most complete form has double waterway extensions c¹ c¹
as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 8 yet it may be made with only one, especially when the
flame is deflected, over an oven at one side only of the fire box, as shown in the
plan view Fig. 1.
When however space permits, I prefer to arrange the several parts of the range
symmetrically, leading the products of combustion partly to right and partly to
left; the remainder passing over the bridge under the top of my boiler and into
the hot air chamber D, to all of which parts I give a central position at the back
of the range.
It will be seen that in each case the boiler is so arranged that its under surface
is continuously exposed to fresh currents of heated gases and that it covers in a
chamber which is filled by these heated gases which can only escape from it in a
downward direction.
It has not been thought necessary to indicate the position of the circulating
pipes in all the figures, and it depends on the position occupied by the hot water
tank or cistern to which the pipes lead,

page_text: The flow pipe rises from the top of the boiler and the return pipe enters the
boiler at either of the sides or back. I have indicated two forms of flow pipe in
Figs. 3 and 8, and two positions of the return pipe in Figs. 4 and 8 respectively.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction and arrangement of circulating boiler herein above described
with reference to the Drawings, forming in combination with a bridge the back of
the fire box; whether such bridge. be solid or hollow, and constituting the top of a
chamber or flue through which the heated gases descend before passing off by the
flue, as set forth.
2. The particular construction and arrangement of circulating boiler described
with reference Figs. 3, 4 and 8 of the Drawings with a waterway bridge or a
solid bridge extending across it from side to side and a projecting portion or lip
overhanging the said bridge or waterway as and for the purpose set forth.
3. A circulating boiler of inverted box forin having one or both of its sides
prolonged forwards to form a side or sides to the fire box and a transverse opening
or orifice d situate below the level of the hollow top of the boiler and above a
waterway bridge or solid bridge forming part of the back of the fire box, as and
for the purpose set forth.
4. The construction and arrangement of circulating boiler described with
reference to Fig. 6 provided with a waterway bridge or solid bridge for deflecting
the flame upward to strike the underside of the hollow top of the boiler, and
preventing the ashes from falling into the hot air chamber below the said boiler,
when fitted in place.
5. A circulating boiler of inverted box form with a lateral waterway extension
or extensions c¹ c', and a transverse waterway or hollow bridge, the said waterways
and bridge extending below the level of the fire bars, substantially as and for the
purpose described with reference to Figs. 8 and 10.
6. The modification of the invention described with reference to Fig. 11 in which
the waterway sides and their hollow extensions are intended to be replaced by
masonry or brickwork, as and for the purpose set forth.