A NEW CIRCULAR WEAVING MACHINE
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lewis Normandy, of 67, Judd Street, Brunswick
Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "A NEW
CIRCULAR WEAVING MACHINE."-A communication from Messrs. Florence,
Houguet, and Teston, of Verviers.
CIRCULAR WEAVING MACHINE."-A communication from Messrs. Florence,
Houguet, and Teston, of Verviers.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lewis Normandy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
August 1855.
I, the said LEWIS NORMANDY, of 67, Judd Street, Brunswick Square, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW CIRCULAR WEAVING MACHINE" to be as follows (a communication) :-
The annexed Drawings represent the machine in question.
Fig. 1 is an elevation or front view thereof; Fig. 2 is a cross vertical
section, (the same letters represent the same pieces in both Figures);
Fig. 3 is the shuttle.
A, cylinder on which the woven cloth is wound up; B, woven cloth; C
frame; D, stretcher; E, warp; F, reed; G, blade; H, rollers acting on
levers, for the purpose of giving to the reed a curved shape, so as to drive the
shuttle and batten; I, thread guiding rollers; J, loose pulley for working the

page_text: blades G; K, treadle; L, double excentric; M, link motion of the lever;
N, bevel wheel on the vertical shaft O; P, horizontal shaft; Q, crank or
handle; R, warp guide; S, warp bowl; T, lever; U, axis of the lever;
V, rollers at right angle with H.
The warp is wound up round the lower cylinder S, whence it is led to the
upper cylinder A. Two hoops R and D serve as guides; the periphery of D
gives the measure of the cloth to be woven. The motion is given by turning
the handle Q; the horizontal shaft P impels the vertical one O, provided
with an excentric L, which gives an alternate up and down motion to the
blades G. Four rollers H and V, disposed cross-wise, act on the levers T, and
cause certain parts of the circular and elastic reed to ascend and descend.
The kind of undulatory motion of the reed when partly raised by the upper
rollers H, imparts a progressive motion to the shuttle bearing the weft. The
endless inclined plane thus formed by the reed acts as a shuttle driver, and
by pressing the thread of the weft against the woven cloth, acts also as a
batten in a progressive and continuous manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Lewis Normandy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LEWIS
NORMANDY, of 67, Judd Street, Brunswick Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Lewis Normandy, Her special licence that I, the said Lewis Normandy,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Lewis
Normandy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW CIRCULAR
WEAVING MACHINE," a communication from Messieurs Florence, Houguet, and
Teston, of Verviers, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Lewis

page_text: Normandy, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
mý, or their; or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
-
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Lewis Normandy, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof :-
The annexed Drawing represents the new circular weaving machine.
Fig. 1 is an elevation'; Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the line a, b, of
the plan; Fig. 3 is the plan. The same letters represent the same pieces in
all the Figures. With this machine the warp is wound round the lower
cylinder S, and is directed upwards upon the upper cylinder A. It is guided
by the peripheries of the two circles R and D, the circumference of the upper
circle D giving the breadth of the cloth to be woven. The handle Q on the
horizontal shaft P gives motion to the apparatus. A bevel pinion 'n fixed at
the end of the shaft P gears with a corresponding bevel wheel N fixed on the
vertical shaft O. An eccentric L, seen. Fig. 5, is fixed on the shaft O, and gives
an alternate motion to the blades G, by means of under grooves. Four rollers
H and V, seen Fig. 2 and 6, are placed at the end of a cross piece fixed on
the vertical shaft O; by the rotative motion of the latter, the rollers H and, V
actuate the levers T, T, which are united together by a leather strap; the
swinging motion of the levers T resulting therefrom causes certain parts of
the reed F to move up or down. The reed F, seen alone, Figure 6, has a
circular shape, and is flexible. When the progressive motion of the two
upper rollers H causes a portion of the circular reed to rise, an inclined plane
is produced, in which the shuttle bearing the weft moves forwards; this
inclined plane continually formed in a circular way, acts as a shuttle driver,
and at the same time it pushes the thread of the weft in the warp close to the
cloth already woven, thus acting as a batten in a constant, progressive, and
circular manner. The shuttle, seen Figure 4, has a curvature corresponding to
the circumference of the reed; as it is pushed forward by the inclined plane
the thread of the weft is left between those of the warps which are then inter-
crossed by the action of the ecentric L, at the moment when the reed F,
seen Fig. 6, having reached its highest elevation, squeezes or beats up the
warp, in order to give tightness to the tissue.
What is particularly considered as new in this Invention is the following

page_text: dispositions of the apparatus:-Ist, the circular and flexible reed; 2d, the
circular inclined surface, working both as a shuttle driver, and at the same
time as a batten; 3d, the warp, guiding blades G, disposed in a circular
manner, as represented in Fig. 6; 4th, the curved shape of the shuttle. The
principle of circular weaving, by means of a shuttle and of a flexible beating
reed, is also considered as being new.
The Invention as described and illustrated by the annexed Drawing is not
to be limited to the shape and disposition of the pieces as represented in the
said Drawing, and looms may be of course constructed and disposed, so as to
weave several pieces of cloth at once in their periphery, and with as many
blades as desired.
SCHEDULE OF THE FIGURES REFERRED TO.
A, upper roller winding up the cloth; B, woven cloth; C, C, frame of the
loom; D, templet for stretching the cloth to the required breadth; E, warp;
F, reed; G, blade; H, rollers for raising or lowering the lever which bends
the reed, in order to produce the curvature or inclined surface which imparts
motion to the shuttle, and at the same time operates as a batten for closing
the warp against the cloth. I, roller which assists the sliding motion of the
thread which unites the blades G together; J, loose roller for working the
blades; K, treadle; L, double eccentric; n, bevel pinion on the horizontal
shaft P cogging with N on the vertical shaft O; R, thread holder; S, lower
cylinder on which the warp is wound up; T, lever moveable round v; V,
wheels or rollers.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-
Signed in the presence of
A. NORMANDY.
LEWIS NORMANDY. (L.S.)