IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN THE. MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS. PATENT to Moses Clark, Engineer, of St. Mary Cray, Henry.
Oldfield, Millwright, of Foots Cray, and William Salmon, Paper Maker,
of Foots Cray, all in the County of, Kent, for the Invention of " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN THE. MANUFACTURE OF PAPER."?
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Moses Clark, Henry
Oldfield, and William Salmon at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 30th May 1857.
'
We, MOSES CLARK, Engineer, of St. Mary Cray, HENRY OLDFIELD, Mill-
wright, of Foots Cray, and WILLIAM SALMON, Paper Maker, of Foots Cray, all
in the County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER," to be as follows (that is to say):-
..
Our Invention, which has reference exclusively to that part of paper-making
machinery known as the suction or exhaust box, over which the wire cloth
constantly charged with the pulp is caused to pass for the purpose of extracting
or exhausting the superfluous moisture from the said pulp during the process
of manufacture, consists in constructing or providing the sides of the said box
with friction rollers, so as 'to reduce the friction upon the running surfaces of
the wire cloth, by causing the said cloth to be supported and carried forward
upon the peripheries of the said rollers, whereby a rolling instead of a retarding
surface is obtained.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed.
by the said Moses Clark, Henry Oldfield, and William Salmon in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Moses
CLARK, Engineer, of St. Mary Cray, HERNY OLDFIELD, Millwright, of Foots
Cray, and WILLIAM SALMON, Paper Maker, of Foots Cray, all in the County
Kent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Moses Clark, Henry Oldfield, and William Salmon, Her special licence that
we, the said Moses Clark, Henry 'Oldfield, and William Salmon, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Moses
Clark, Henry Oldfield, and William Salmon, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PAPER," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Moses Clark, Henry Oldfield and William Salmon, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Moses Clark, Henry Oldfield, and
William Salmon, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, and the Drawings therein
referred to (that is to say):-
Our Invention, which relates to that part of paper-making machinery called
the exhaust or suction box, over which the wire cloth containing the pulp
passes during the process of manufacture, consists in the said suction box
being furnished with rollers, so as to reduce the friction on the wire cloth; or
in the said suction box being formed of three rollers alone, over the peripheries

page_text: of which the wire cloth is caused to pass, or by any other suitable con-
trivance, in which a rolling instead of a running friction may be obtained.
But in order that our said Invention may be more full understood and-
readily carried into effect, we now proceed to describe it by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters and figures thereon
marked (that is to say):-
Fig. 1 represents an end elevation of our improved exhaust or suction box;
Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a transverse vertical section, taken through
the dotted line in Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a longitudinal section of the box,
taken through the dotted line Fig. 1, showing one of the rollers removed;
Fig. 5, a top or plan view with the wire cloth or web removed; Fig. 6, a
sectional end view of an exhaust box on the above principle, in which three
rollers are employed; and Fig. 7, a modification of the above, in which the
exhaust apparatus. is formed by the arrangement of three rollers, as in manner
shown. In each. Figure the same letters of reference denote similar corre-
sponding parts. A, A, the box or frame; B, B, friction rollers, secured to the
box over which the wire cloth containing the pulp is conveyed; C, C, roller
shafts; D, D, bearings in which the said shafts revolve; E, E, toothed wheels
or pinions, firmly keyed to the said shafts, for giving motion to the same
through the medium of a coupling wheel or otherwise; F, F, wire cloth or
web; G, G, sliding stops or plugs for extending or contracting the suction
passage to the required width of the paper; H, H, screw gearing for actuating
the same, by means of a winch handle or key I, I, and keyway 1', 1'; J, J,
valve or packing for closing the apertures between the rollers and the suction
box and preventing the admission of air; K, K, exhaust pipe for creating the
necessary vacuum within the suction box or chamber; L, L, plate for securing
the same thereto; M, M, surface beds, upon which the lower portions of the
sliding stops or plugs work; N, N, fixed longitudinal stays-to which the valves
or packing are secured; O, O, beds, fitted to each end of the box upon which
the apparatus is mounted; P, P, openings or passages communicating with
the exhaust pipe; Q, Q, reacting springs or elastic material for maintaining
an upward pressure of the valve or packing against the peripheries of the
rollers.
In conclusion to the foregoing description, we would here briefly note that
it has hitherto been usual, for the purpose of extracting the superfluous
moisture from the pulp or unprepared paper, to place the suction box or
chamber (exhausted of air so as to form the required vacuum by any of the
usual methods) immediately beneath the wire cloth or web, with the under

page_text: surface of the said cloth or web resting or impinging upon the face or upper
edges of the said box, whereby the wire cloth is not only greatly.impeded in.
its action, but a very imperfect exhaustion obtained; it is therefore with the
view to obviate these defects, and obtain a rolling instead of a running friction,
that we employ the rollers in connection with the exhaustor. suction appartus,
as herein-before mentioned and referred to.
Having now fully described the nature of this our said. Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we would have it clearly under-
stood that we do not intend to confine ourselves to the precise details herein-
before described, as rollers in any convenient number and size may be
employed, or the same may be otherwise varied without departing from.the
general principle of these our said improvements; but that which we do claim
as 'new and of our said Invention is, the general construction and employment
of friction rollers in connection with exhaust or suction apparatus, in the
manner and for the purposes herein-before set forth and described..
In witness whereof, we, the said Moses Clark, Henry Oldfield, and
William Salmon, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth
day of November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
MOSES CLARK
(TS)