Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th. Nov., 1886
Complete Left, 24th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 9th Aug., 1887.
I, JOSEPH SOUTHALL of the firm of Hardy and Padmore, of Worcester Foundry, in
the City of Worcester, Engineer and Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
In the Specification of my Patent No. 12424 of 1885 I have described an
arrangement of gas motor engine in which two double acting cylinders are placed in
line with one another with their pistons rigidly connected, and valves are so operated
that the cycle of four strokes for drawing in the charge, compressing the charge, firing
the charge and expelling products of combustion is performed successively in each of
the four spaces of the two cylinders, that is to say in the spaces on each side of the
piston in each cylinder, and in such manner that one of the above named four
operations goes on in one of these spaces, another in another of the spaces, and so on
simultaneously, the action of the engine being thus to a large extent equalised.
My present invention relates to appliances in an engine of this kind whereby such
of the products of combustion as are not displaced by the piston from each of those
spaces are completely or to a large extent expelled. For this purpose, I connect by a
pipe the two spaces behind the two pistons, and by another pipe the two spaces in
front of the two pistons, providing in each of those pipes a cock or valve that is
worked by the engine and is so timed that the following sequence of actions takes
place. During a back stroke, while the one piston is compressing the charge behind
it and the other is expelling products of combustion through the then open exhaust
valve, the cock or valve connecting the two hinder spaces is opened for a time, and a
portion of the charge undergoing compression in the one space is thus forced into the
other, driving out products of combustion and taking the place of the volume thus
expelled so as to form a portion of the next charge in the space which it has entered.
In like manner during a forward stroke of the piston, the two front spaces of the
cylinders are for a time put in communication with a like result. By this arrangement,
each of the four spaces is in its turn more completely cleared of the products of
combustion, and becomes charged with a combustible mixture which is not vitiated to
any appreciable extent by admixture of residuum from previous combustion.
Dated this 26th day of November 1886.
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant,

page_text: An Improvement in Gas Motor Engines.
I, JOSEPH SOUTHALL of the firm of Hardy and Padmore, of Worcester Foundry, in
the City of Worcester, Engineer and Iron founder, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
In the Specification of my Patent No. 12424 of 1885 I have described an arrange-
ment of gas motor engine in which two double acting cylinders are placed in line with
one another with their pistons rigidly connected and valves are so operated that
the cycle of four strokes for drawing in the charge, compressing the charge, firing the
charge, and expelling products of combustion is performed successively in each of the
four spaces of the two cylinders, that is to say in the spaces on each side of the piston
in each cylinder, and in such manner that one of the above named four operations goes
on in one of these spaces, another in another of the spaces, and so on, simultaneously,
the action of the engine being thus to a large extent equalised.
My present invention relates to appliances in an engine of this kind whereby such
of the products of combustion as are not displaced by the piston from each of those
spaces are completely or to a large extent expelled.
For this purpose I connect by a pipe the two spaces behind the two pistons, and by
another pipe the two spaces in front of the two pistons, providing in each of those
pipes a cock or valve that is worked by the engine and is so timed that the following
sequence of actions takes place.
During a back stroke, while the one piston is compressing the charge behind it and
the other is expelling products of combustion through the then open exhaust valve, the
cock or valve in the pipe connecting the two spaces behind the pistons is opened for a
time, and a portion of the charge undergoing compression in the one space is thus
forced into the other, driving out products of combustion, and taking the place of the
volume thus expelled, so as to form a portion of the next charge in the space which it
has entered.
In like manner during a forward stroke of the pistons, the cylinder spaces in front
of the two pistons are for a time put in communication with a like result. By this
arrangement, each of the four spaces is in its turn more completely cleared of the
products of combustion, and becomes charged with a combustible mixture which is
not vitiated to any appreciable extent by admixture of residuum from previous
combustion.

page_text: Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side view and Fig. 2 is a plan of a gas
motor engine with my improvement applied thereto. Fig. 3 is a transverse section
through the cylinder and Fig. 4 is a transverse section shewing in its four different
positions a rotating slide valve that may be employed to govern the admission and
ignition of the charge and the discharge of products of combustion after they have
performed work in the cylinder. This rotating slide valve is of the kind described in
iny former Specification above referred to, and I shew in Figs. 1 and 2 means of
working it from the engine cross head according to a method described by me in a
Provisional Specification No. 5339 of 1887, that is to say a stud S projecting from the
crosshead, at each end of its stroke acts on inclines of clutch shaped bosses T fixed ou
the spindle of the slide valve, thus causing it to make a partial revolution. It is to be
understood however that my present improvement which I am about to describe may
be applied whether the slide valve be worked in this way, or by any other suitable
mechanism. Each of the two cylinders of the engine being divided by its piston into
two spaces CC3 in front and C° C behind. I connect the two front spaces C₁ C³ by
a pipe P¹ and the two hinder spaces 02 by a pipe P2 each of those pipes having in
some convenient part or parts of its length one or more stop cocks or shut off
valves V1 V respectively. When stop cocks are employed, they may be worked as
shewn in Fig. 2 and in the elevation Fig. 5, by ratchet wheels on the plugs of the
cocks moved in opposite directions by pawls on a tappet rod R, which at each end of
the stroke of the piston crosshead, is moved by a stud S acting on tappets T.
The cocks VV are so moved relatively to the pistons A' A² and the slide valve,
that the passages through their plugs make at proper times communication for a
moment between the spaces CC3, and CC respectively. Thus, assuming that the
pistons are moving forward the one piston A¹ compressing a fresh charge in C in
front of it, while the other piston A is expelling exhaust from C³ in front of it.
As the pistons approach the end of the forward stroke, the cock V is opened, and a
portion of the partially compresed charge in C passes by the pipe P¹ to C3 clearing
out residual products of combustion and taking their place as a portion of the next
fresh charge of C³.
The cock being immediately closed, the charge in ₁ is ignited and the pistons
are propelled backwards. When at the next advance of the pistons A² compresses the
charge in C while A' expels exhaust from the cock V₁ is again opened for a
moment allowing a portion of the partially compressed charge to pass from C³ to C¹
clearing out residual products from C. In a similar manner the pipe P² with its
cock V makes communication between C and C for the same purpose. Although I
have shewn P and P2 as pipes with cocks, they might obviously be formed as
passages in the body of the cylinder, with valves instead of cocks, and their mouths
where they open into the cylinder spaces may be varied in form so as to act with best
effect for the clearance of those spaces from residue. The two cylinders instead of
being in line with their pistons rigidly connected may be placed side by side as shewn
in the sectional plan Fig. 6 and in the transverse section Fig. 7, the pistons A' A²
being connected to cranks on one shaft and the slide valve being situated between the
two cylinders. In this case the pipes or passages P1 P2 having their suitable cocks or
valves VV, cross over from C to C3 and from C² to C respectively. Again, when
the cylinders are in line, but the pistons A' A have their rods not connected through
a middle portion, but passed through the opposite ends of the cylinders to separate
crossheads as shewn in the sectional plan Fig. 8, the communications P¹ P² can be
arranged as described with reference to Fig. 2.
Instead of employing two separate pipes P and P to connect the cylinder spaces a
single pipe or reservoir P³ may be employed as shewn in Fig. 9, each of the
communications to the cylinder spaces C C C C having a separate cock or
valve V1 V2 V3 V a pair of which such as V₁ V3 or V3 V are simultaneously opened
to operate as above described. Thus when the charge in C is compressed V₁ Vare
opened to scour products out of C and similarly in respect of the other cylinder
spaces.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed and applied to a gas motor engine
having four cylinder spaces in each of which the cycle of four operations, drawing in
charge, compressing charge, firing charge, and expelling exhaust, is performed
successively and in such order that all these operations are being performed at the
same time, one in each of the spaces, what I claim is :
Providing a passage between the one pair of the spaces above referred to, and also
between the other pair, with cocks or valves so operated, that near the end of a piston
stroke the space in which the charge is being compressed is momentarily put in
communication with that from which exhaust is expelled, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
1007
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.