Improvements in Slow Combustion Grates or Furnaces.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Sept., 1896--Accepted, 7th Nov., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Slow Combustion Grates or Furnaces.
I, AUGUST PAMPUS of Nos. 13-17 Fleethörnstrasse, Kiel, in the German
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The disadvantage appertaining to slow combustion furnaces and stoves has been
hitherto that the air has been compelled to pass the fuel from below through the
fire grate; the passage from above through the feeding orifice has not been possible
on account of the resistance offered by the densely packed column of fuel.
This invention has for its object the introduction of air in slow combustion
stoves from several sides along the whole column of fuel, in such a manner that
the gases developed from the fuel are completely saturated with air. The mixture
of air and gas thus obtained requires of course the energetic production of heat,
but it increases the capacity of the heating apparatus very considerably and the
fuel is used up in the most advantageous manner.
In order that my invention may be the better understood I now proceed to
describe the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon. The drawings show the invention as applied
to a boiler furnace, but it may be used with advantage for stoves and other heating
apparatus.
Figure 1 illustrates a vertical section through the heating apparatus.
Figure 2, a horizontal section therethrough, and Figure 3, a vertical section on
the line x, x of Figure 1.
The fuel introduced through the feeding orifice a falls on the grate c and forms,
as soon as gasification has taken place the glowing coke 6 which serves as a
support for and assists in the gasification of the coal a deposited thereon.
As shown on Figure 1 the fuel is bounded on the left by a brick or other wall e,
which has slanting air admission channels e¹. Opposite these air admission channels
is provided a wall f, preferably of metal or similar material, which also has
oblique or slanting air admission channels f'.
Besides the channels e, f, there are provided through the side walls air admission
channels k, which enter below the grate c, and are designed to cool the hot side
walls, and to lead the air thus preliminarily heated to the grate c.
The air can
find a passage only through the channels k below the grate, because the door is
kept closed and is only opened for the purpose of removing the ashes.
Through these air admission channels e', f', air is admitted evenly to all parts of
the column of fuel, which air is mixed with the gases of combustion and completely
saturates the same, the mixture of air and gas being then burnt at h with energetic
development of heat. The gases of combustion pass around a sharp brick or
similar corner; and in order to obviate the destruction of the said corner by the
fire, a water pipe g may be used instead, and is provided with water from the
boiler or service pipes.
In order to allow of the easy cleaning of the grate and to facilitate the quick
extinction of the flame in case of danger, the grate c is connected by a wire or
similar device c¹ with a crank windlass and can be easily lowered to afford easy
5 access to the fuel.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. A furnace or grate for slow combustion in which the fuel bd is surrounded
by lateral slanting air channels e', f¹ for the purpose of energetically aërating the
whole column of fuel from all sides and thus to lead a current of gas saturated
with air to the combustion chamber h.
2nd. In a slow combustion furnace or grate air channels k in the side walls
through which the air is admitted to the grate c below, cooling the hot side walls,
and heating the air preliminarily.
3rd. In a slow combustion furnace or grate the substitution of a metal pipe or
pipes g, filled with water, for sharp corners of brick or similar material, in order
to prevent the rapid destruction of such arrangement by the fire.
4th. In a slow combustion furnace or grate a device c', c2 for lowering the
grate e in order to allow of the easy cleaning of the latter and the rapid extinction
of the fire, if desired.
Dated the 16th day of September 1896.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.