A COMPOSITION. OR COMPOSITIONS APPLICABLE AS TOOLS OR INSTRUMENTS FOR CUTTING, GRINDING, OR POLISHING GLASS, PORCELAIN, STONES, METALS, AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BARCLAY, of Bedford, Row, London, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting,!
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of: Great Britain,, bearing date at Weste
minster, the Thirtieth day of April, in the fifth year: of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry
Barclay, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Henry Barclay, my executors, administrators, and assigns,..or.. such
others as I, the said Henry Barclay, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A COMPOSITION. OR COMPOSITIONS
APPLICABLE AS TOOLS OR INSTRUMENTS FOR CUTTING, GRINDING, OR POLISHING
GLASS, PORCELAIN, STONES, METALS, AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Henry Barclay,
by an instrument in writing under. my hand and seal, particularly foi describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately

page_text: after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Barclay, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist
in that well-known composition constituting emery, which by mineralogists is
known as a variety of corundum, mixed into a paste with water, and occa-
sionally with certain other material or materials, and bound together by the
agency of heat, which composition or compositions I call "emery stone," which
may be used of various forms and sizes as tools or instruments for cutting,
grinding, or polishing glass, porcelain, stones, metals, and other hard sub-
stances. And in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Henry Barclay,
do hereby declare the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed
by the following statement thereof:-I mix emery suitably ground or tritu-
rated with Stourbridge loom, and a little water to hold the particles together
in a thick paste; I then subject the mixture to pressure in moulds of any
required form; I then dry the moulded or formed mixture, and when dry I
place the dried form in a crucible or pot placed in a furnace similar to a glass
furnace, or the said formed material may be placed in an oven, the heat in
each case being raised to nearly a white heat. The heat binds the particles
firmly together, and a very hard substance, which I call "emery stone," is
produced, which may be used for the purposes herein-before described. Some-
times when I wish to shape the emery stone into a true cylinder, or disk, or
curve, or into any of the various shapes which may be required, I take the
suitably moulded material from the mould and subject it to a red heat, by
means of a crucible, or pot, or oven, as before described. After this heating
or partial baking, the emery stone may be cut in a lathe, or by any suitable
tool or tools, and when it has been so cut I subject it to a heat, which is a
low white heat, in manner herein-before mentioned. I prefer the last-men-
tioned heat to be a low white heat, or a little lower than what is called by
chemists a white heat. At the point of white heat I have found the " emery
stone" blister on the surface, and become spoiled for the purpose for which I
intend it to be applied. Sometimes I make the emery stones of four parts
flour emery and one part Stourbridge loom, mixed together dry, and then
made into a paste with the requisite quantity of water; sometimes I make
the emery stone of two parts of superfine emery and one part of Stourbridge
loom, with the requisite quantity of water; sometimes when the emery is
very finely powdered, the matrix (or the accidental presence of earthy or stony
matter in the emery powder above what is contained in the composition con-
stituting the substance called emery) itself is sufficient when the requisite

page_text: .
quantity of water is added, and in such case I do not add any Stourbridge
loom or other suitable material instead of the loom; sometimes I mix up
emery powder and crocus powder with water; sometimes I mix up emery
powder and pounded slate with water; sometimes I mix up pounded York-
shire stone with the emery and water. As the use of either loom, slate,
Yorkshire stone, or crocus is for the purpose of making a bond, I do not
limit myself to any or all of them, for many other substances of the same
kind will do for binding the emery together with water when the mixture is
subjected to the heat in manner herein-before described. As the use of water
is to make the mixture of particles into a paste ready for the mould, it is
obvious that other liquids may answer the same purpose; and I do hereby
declare that I do not claim as my Invention any mixture or mixtures of emery
which is or are not hardened and set together by means of a heat at and
above that known by chemists as a red heat in the shade; but I do claim as
my Invention any composition or compositions containing emery in any part or
portion thereof, which is or are hardened, or bound, or set together by means
of an artificial heat at and above that known by chemists as a red heat in
the shade; and I do not limit my claim to any particular form or forms or
sizes of the said "emery stones." And such my Invention being to the best of
my knowledge and belief entirely new, and never before made or used within
that part of Her said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland called England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do
hereby declare this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily
believe this my said Specification doth comply in all respects fully and without
reserve or disguise with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent contained; wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive
right and title to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Barclay, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-two

page_text: ...AND. BE IT REMEMBERED, that on. the same Thirtieth day of August,
in the year above mentioned; the aforesaid Henry Barclay came before: our
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged. the Specification afore
said, and all and everything therein contained, in form above written.
And
also the Spécification: aforesaid: was stamped 'according to the Statute in that
case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Thirtieth day of August, in the year above written.
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