IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christian Schiele, of Clarence Buildings, in the
City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the
Invention of's Two Com
Sealed the 22nd March 1864, and dated the 21st October 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christian Schiele at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
October 1863.
1, CHRISTIAN SCHIELE, of Clarence Buildings, in the City of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS," to be as
follows:-
I cause part of the current of water flowing past an elastic drum such as is
described in the Provisional Specification of my Invention for improvements
in turbines, of the 7th July 1863, and numbered 1681, to flow into such
drum through valves which open against the current, and produce a pressure;
the pressure may be slight, but being distributed over a large surface accu-
mulates a force sufficient to effect the adjustment required. Instead of the

page_text: elastic drum, a casing provided with a cover or lid, or constructed so as to
yield to pressure which will allow of adjustment up and down, nearly water-
tight, may be used; by these means the supply of the motive power is
lessened. For increasing the supply, I suck the water out of the vessel by
means of valves opening with the passing current of water; in some cases I
reverse the action according to requirement.
When the drum or casing and cover is applied to the turbine water wheel,
described in the said Provisional Specification of my said Invention of
"Improvements in Turbines, of the 7th July 1863, I prefer to fix it to the
outside of the disc so as to revolve with the disc. The currents of water
required for this my Invention I find inside the turbine, as also on its circum-
ference, where, however, it is relative, the valve moving and the water being
stationary or nearly so.
The opening and closing of the valves I accomplish by a ball governor
revolving with the spindle of the turbine or with a spindle connected there-
with, and the motion of the lid I communicate to the adjustable disc or ring
cover of the turbine, described in my said Provisional Specification of the 7th
July 1863, which narrows the passages of the turbine wheel and guides for
the entering water. When the turbine is stopped, the governor coming down
opens the inlet valve inwards into the chamber to allow the water to escape
and the turbine to open ready for the next starting or admittance of water;
this opening of the valve closes the turbine, and prevents the water running
to waste should the clow not be closed. Sometimes, as for governing steam
engines, I let such a vessel be made to revolve in water kept stationary by
ribs or other projections. The opening of the inside valve I would make
against the stationary water, whereby it would be caught up and act inside
the vessel, or the governor vessel may be stationary; the surrounding water
may be made to revolve, and then impact or suction on the valves may be
produced by the direction of their opening. I let the motion produced act on
steam valves or throttle valves, or clows of water wheels; I sometimes
connect such a chamber by means of openings to the currents of water coming
from the discharge of the turbines, so that if the discharge is not in the right
or most effectual direction, it is caught by tubes placed at one or more points
round the turbine and opening valves for its action.
the governor of a
I sometimes, as in case of my turbines, attach a lever to
float, say of stone, partly balanced by a counterweight, so that in case the
water supply is varying and insufficient, a turbine may not allow more water
to pass than there is at command, so the highest water level may be main-
tained for this quantity. Instead of using the float, the pressure of the water

page_text: may be carried into a separate governor chamber or vessel compressing a
spring or other varying resistant. Whenever the higher level sinks
by too little supply, the spring not being compressed so much adjusts the
turbine.
I sometimes provide a water supply to the inside of a governing chamber,
the supply tap or valve being regulated by a ball governor or other known
governing apparatus, leakage, or a constant outflow from the vessel, drawing
water off continually. Sometimes I carry such outflow to a depth below the
chamber by a tube, the lower end of which is immersed in water, preventing
entrance of air, and creating a suction action. Sometimes I raise a tube on
the cover through which the inside of the chamber is supplied; any sudden
raising or lowering of the cover alters immediately the height of the water
column, and in consequence preventing overshooting or too great an adjust-
ment and corresponding oscillations. These improvements are applicable to
steam engines, water wheels, turbines, and other first movers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Christian Schiele in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th April 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, CHRISTIAN
SCHIELE,. of Clarence Buildings, in the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Christian Schiele, Her special license that I, the
said Christian Schiele, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Christian Schiele, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS," upon the condition, amongst
others, that 1, the said Christian Schiele, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Christian Schiele, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to arrangements, machanism, or apparatus to be used
for regulating or governing the speed of or supply of motive power to water
wheels, turbines, steam and other motive engines for obtaining power, and
applies more particularly where the valves or clows admitting the motive fluid
to the engine require considerable force to actuate them, but will be found
advantageous where the power required is small, as by using my improved
arrangements, as herein-after explained, in connection with the ordinary
conical pendulum, the oscillations or changes of speed will be obviated which
exist when the ordinary governor is connected directly with the throttle
valves.
The first part of my Invention refers to a novel mode of employing the
force or momentum of currents or fluids in motion for the purpose of actuating
or changing the position of valves, clows, or other arrangements for increasing,
diminishing, or shutting off the supply of motive fluid to motive power engines,
and this part of my Invention consists in arranging an elastic drum or appa-
ratus acting upon the principle of a pair of bellows, a cover and cylinder, or a
piston and cylinder, capable of receiving motion by the admission or with-
drawal of the motive fluid; and in forming passages between this arrangement
and the actuating fluid, such passages opening towards the current and in the
opposite direction, so that the current will enter one opening and create a
pressure and will pass the other opening, and will tend to create a partial
vacuum or suction and in placing a valve or valves in these passages so that
they can be opened or closed to the action of the current or in place of valves.
My Invention consists in arranging a pipe in connection with the elastic drum
or its equivalent, so that the orifice of the pipe may be changed in relation to
the direction of the current of the motive fluid.
Figs. 1 and 2 are views illustrating the mode of carrying this part of my
Invention into effect. a represents a metallic drum in section which has
sufficient elasticity to expand and contract to the required extent on the
principle of a pair of bellows, and which is described in the Specification of a
Patent granted to me, No. 1681, and dated the 7th July, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred, and sixty-three. In this case the elastic
drum is supposed to be placed above a pipe or channel (6), through which the
motive fluid is passing in the direction pointed by the arrows; an opening or
passage is formed between the channel of the motive fluid, and the elastic
vessel (a) in which a swivel valve (a¹) is placed, as shewn, where it is open in
the direction of the current and shut in the contrary direction, thus forming a
partial vacuum or suction, but when the valve is reversed it is then open
towards the direction of the current and shut in the opposite direction, and in
this position the elastic drum receives the pressure arising from the momentum
of the current against the orifice of the passage, the fluid at the same time
entering the elastic drum so long as motion is required. When the valve (a¹)
is in the middle position the passage is sufficiently closed, and the elastic drum
(a) remains stationary. Where there is a sufficient pressure the elastic drum
or its equivalent may be placed either above or below the conduit or channel
containing the current of motive fluid. If stationary orifices are arranged
opening in the line of current as explained above, the valve or valves may be
placed in any convenient position in the pipes or passages between their
orifices in the current and the elastic drum or its equivalent. The valve or
valves for admitting the pressure to or withdrawing it from the elastic drum
(a) or its equivalent are actuated by means of an ordinary conical pendulum
governor, such valves being balanced or arranged so as to move with ease.
The arrangement of the rods, levers, or other transmitting mechanism between
the governor and the valves, and between the elastic drum or its equivalent,
and the clow or other valve to be operated, will depend upon the position of
the parts in relation to each other, and can be readily applied by a mechanic.
When the current or motive fluid exerts a pressure in addition to its
momentum, then the elastic drum (a) or its equivalent will require a load to
balance the still pressure, or the pressure exerted when the momentum of the
current of the fluid is not received in the elastic drum or its equivalent.
Fig. 2 shews a sectional view of a cylinder (a) and cylindrical cap or cover
(a) which fits the lower cylinder (a), so that it can slide up and down tight
against the passage of fluid, if required, by means of the leather or other
packing ring (a³); this cover where required is made to fit and slid up and
down a pillar or stem (a) secured to the bottom cylinder (a), and it acts to
guide the upper cylinder or cover (a) in its movement. The movements of
the cover (a) may be transmitted to the clow or other regulator by connections
jointed with the part (as). The pressure and supply of fluid from the current
is admitted to or withdrawn from the drum by the elbow pipe (a), which is
arranged on an axis, as shewn; ono part of the elbow pipe enters a hole in the

page_text: bottom of the cylinder (a) in which it can turn freely, and that part of it
within the drum or cylinder has slits or holes in its sides, so that the fluid may
pass freely between the elbow pipe and drum. The upper end of the elbow
pipe has a pivot working freely in a bearing in a bracket secured to the side
of the cylinder (a), and the lower part of the elbow pipe has a spindle passing
through a stuffing box, as shewn, and upon the end of this spindie a bevel
wheel is placed which is in geer with a bevel wheel upon another shaft having
an arm connected with the ball or other governor. When the orifice of the
elbow pipe is towards the fluid current its momentum will cause it to enter,
and when in the opposite direction the fluid will be withdrawn, and when at
a right angle to the direction of the current there will be neither pressure nor
suction arising from the motion of the fluid. To maintain the elastic drum or
its equivalent stationary when the speed of the wheel, turbine, or other motive
engine is uniform, the orifice or valves opening to the drum or its equivalent
may have to be slightly open towards the current, and this will be regulated
by means of screw adjustments for shortening or lengthening the connections
between the governor and the valves or elbow pipe, such as that between the
governor and the ordinary throttle valve of a steam engine. Fig. 3 is a
sectional elevation showing the manner of applying the principle of this part
of my Invention as modified by centrifugal action to my improved turbine, and
for increasing or decreasing the depths of the ducts or passages of the turbine ;
a' is the vertical axis of the turbine; b, the directors which guide the fluid to
ducts formed on the under side of the disc fixed on the lower end of the
vertical shaft (a); this disc also forms the bottom of a cylinder (a), having a
cylindrical cover (a) fitted to it, forming an arrangement similar to that
shewn by Fig. 2. The cover is connected by bolts with a ring (c) below the
ducts of the turbine, and the movement of this ring (c) up and down by the
movements of the cover (a²) regulates the quantity of fluid passing to
and through the ducts d of the turbine. One or more orifices are made
in the bottom of the disc or cylinder a, and over the part where the
fluid strikes against it, and these orifices are covered by suitable valves.
Passages are also formed at the circumference of the disc or cylinder a
which may open contrary to the direction in which the turbine rotates (see
plan sketch Fig. 3), where the arrow points in the direction in which the
turbine rotates), and these passages are covered with valves also, and the
valves for both the inlet and outlet orifices are connected with and actuated
by a ball governor, so that the inlet valve is opened and the outlet valve is
shut when an increase of speed takes place, and vice versa when a decrease of
speed occurs, while both are shut when the turbine is working at the required

page_text: speed. The valves shewn (a" and a) in Figure 3 are segments of cylinders
fitting as close as possible without touching corresponding cylindrical facings.
The valves are mounted upon trunnions placed in bearings formed in brackets
secured to the disc or bottom of the drum (a), and the valves are connected
together and with the governor by means of levers and rods as shewn. When
the turbine is used as an auxiliary to a steam or other motive engine the
turbine is stopped by stopping the engine, and frequently there will be a waste
of water from negligence in not shutting off the water from the turbine. This
loss of water may be prevented when the valves in connection with the
governor are arranged as shown in Fig. 3. The valves cover and uncover
the inlet and outlet orifices as above described by the action of the ball
governor within a given limit of the correct speed, but below a given speed
the inlet valve (a) will be open and the outlet valve (a) shut which is
contrary to their positions within the fixed limit below the correct speed;
consequently, when the engine is connection with the turbine is stopped the
governor balls descend to their lowest position, and the inlet and outlet valves
are in the position explained. The current of water coming to the turbine
enters the inlet valve, and as it cannot pass out it lifts the cover (a) and
brings the ring (c) up close to the under side of the bottom of the cylinder (a),
and prevents the passage and consequently any waste of water while the clow
is open.
When the engine is, to be put in motion the connected turbine is
rotated, the governor balls ascend, then the valves are placed in their correct
position to open the ducts of the turbine. When the assistance of the
turbine is required to start the engine and turbine into motion then the valve
reds must be lifted by hand or by a suitable hand lever.
This part of my Invention also consists in an arrangement for governing
similar to that shown in Fig. 3, but apart from the turbine. The vertical
shaft, ball governor, drum and cover, and valves being employed and arranged
to rotate in a vessel containing water, say to the depth of the drum (a).
The current or force for producing the movements of the cover being obtained
partly by centrifugal action and momentum or impact and partly by suction,
and to give sufficient centrifugal action, radial vanes are formed in the interior
of the drum (a). The inlet orifice is turned towards the direction in which
the drum is rotated and the outlet in the contrary direction. The movements
of the cover a² or its equivalent are conveyed to the clow or valve to be
regulated by any convenient means. By this arrangement the same fluid is
constantly used over and over again..
The second part of my Invention relates to another mode of acting upon
elastic drums, or drums and covers, or pistons and cylinders, or their

page_text: equivalents by currents of fluid, and consists in arranging a continuous
leakage or outflow which will produce one movement, and a varying supply
regulated by a valve actuated by a governor which will produce the opposite
movement of the elastic drum, cylinder, or its equivalent.
Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate this part of my Invention. The apparatus shewn
in Fig. 5 is supposed to be applied for adjusting the throttle valve (a) of a
steam engine; a is a vessel formed by two cylinders with an annular space
between them; a² is a cover or cylinder, the interior of which fits as close as
possible without touching the upper edge of the inner cylinder of the vessel
(a). The cover (a2) has a central stem (a) which fits into a guide formed
in the centre of the inner cylinder, so that the cover (a²) is kept steady in its
upward and downward movements. The entering fluid (which should have
a sufficient head or pressure) passes into the inner cylinder and from thence
to the cover (a2), it flows out between the upper edge of the inner cylinder
and the interior sides of the cylinder cover (a) into the annular cavity (a³)
from which it is conducted away. The entering fluid passes a suitable
throttle valve (a) which is adjusted by connection with a ball governor as
illustrated. When the fluid is not supplied as fast as it flows out of the drum
or cover (a) a movement will be produced in one direction, when the contrary
occurs, the fluid being supplied faster than it flows out, then a movement in
the other direction will take place, and when the supply and outflow are
equal the cover (a2) will be stationary. A³ is an adjusting screw link or
connection in the rod a 5.
Fig. 5 illustrates the application of the elastic drum (a) to this portion of
my Invention. The outflow is by means of a pipe (a) which may have a tap
at its lower end to adjust the amount of such outflow. The supply is
regulated by the ball governor as in Fig. 4. A piston and cylinder may be
used instead of the arrangements shewn in Fig. 4 and 5. One movement
will have to be produced by gravity, and consequently the cover, elastic drum,
or piston, or its equivalent will have to be sufficiently weighted to act upon
and move the valve in one direction, or in some cases this force may be
obtained by suction or the weight of a column of the fluid in the outflow
pipe having its outlet in water (to exclude air) at some distance below the
apparatus. The supply of fluid to the drum or its equivalent may be made
constant, and the outflow may be varied by the action of the ball or other
governor if desired.
Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation shewing the application of governing appa-
ratus with a constant outflow to my improved turbines. This arrangement is
similar to that shown by Fig. 3, except that the valves in the interior of the

page_text: drum (a) are dispensed with, and the part forming the guide to the cover
(a) is made to ascend higher and form both a guide and a pipe to convey
water to the interior of the drum. It is by the varying height of the column
of water in the pipe that the movements of the cover a are produced. There
is a constant outflow in this arrangement, as in Fig. 4.
The water supply is
regulated by the governor (e), which acts upon a lever (e¹) connected with
an equilibrium valve (a¹). If the speed increases more water is supplied,
and if the speed diminishes less water is supplied, or it is shut off, so that the
outflow being greater than the supply the cover a sinks and allows more
water to pass through the ducts d of the turbine. Radial vanes are formed
inside of the drum (a), and cover (a2) so as to produce centrifugal action in
the water, and this acts to check any sudden increase or decrease of speed, as
the centrifugal force of the water within the drum (a) by its action upwards
upon the cover (a) tends to shut or open the passages or ducts of the turbine
accordingly as the speed increases or diminishes.
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of one of my improved turbines. The
motive fluid passes to, through, and from the turbine in the directions pointed
by the arrows upon the Figure. The turbine is constructed upon the same
principle as that shewn by Fig. 6, but is arranged so as to be self-governing
without a conical pendulum or other detached governor. The turbine has a
cylindrical cover (a²), same as that shewn in Fig. 6, with a central guide
which at its upper end has a screw cap (h) upon it as shewn, against which
one end of a helical spring (h') rests that is placed round a shaft (a), resting
against a gland (y) on the turbine spindle. Radial vanes formed in the
drum (a) produce a centrifugal action in the fluid within which acts against
the cover (a) and tends to lift it and close the ducts of the turbine, but this
centrifugal action is balanced when the turbine is going at about the correct
speed by the force of the helical spring (h¹) which can be adjusted in its
pressure the screw cap (h) which allows it to expand when turned in one
direction, and compresses it when turned in the other direction. A weight
may be used instead of the spring. Openings are made near the axis of the
cover (a) to admit the water when rising, and to allow its outflow when
lowering. An elastic drum may be substituted in place of the drum and
cover. Fig. 8 shows a sectional elevation of a drum (a) and cover (a²)
similar to that shewn in Fig. 6 for actuating clows and other regulating
valves for motive power engines requiring a large amount of force to move
them; but in this case the drum does not rotate but is stationary. There
is a constant outflow into the annular space (a³) from which it is carried-
away in any convenient manner. The supply is from a pipe (6) having a

page_text: valve (a¹) regulated by a governor. The movements of the cover (a³) are
transmitted to the clow or other valve by a rod (a) connected to the central
pipe, as shown in Fig. 9. The column of water in the central tube being
much less in quantity will quickly rise or fall when the cover (a²) sinks or
rises, this will check vibration or oscillation in the speeds of the motive
engine.
The third part of my Invention relates to means for regulating the con-
sumption of water in turbines according to the supply, the height of the fall
being maintained at a uniform level, so that the greatest amount of power can
be obtained from it; this system of regulating the water supply is applicable
where the turbine is worked in connection with an engine which can supply
any deficiency of power in the turbine, or it may be used where the
load or work to be done can be varied according to the quantity of water
available.
One modification of this part of my Invention consists in combining a float
with my improved governing apparatus, as illustrated in Fig. 6. The
float (f) is suspended from the end of a lever (f¹), part of its weight being
balanced, so that it will float upon the surface of the water, and rise or fall
with the level of the water. One end of the lever f¹ is connected by a rod (fƒ³)
with the equilibrium valve (a) regulating the supply of water to the governor
drum (a), so that if the level or bead of the water rises, the supply of water
to the governor drum (a) will be reduced or cut off, and consequently the
passages in the turbine will be enlarged by the fall of the drum or cover (a2),
and vice versa if the level or head of the water should fall.
A ball governor
is used in connection with the turbine for safety in case of accident, and to
make the turbine complete when working by itself; but when the turbine is
working in connection with a steam or other motive engine as an auxiliary,
then the turbine as to its speed is governed by the engine with which it is
connected, and the governor of the turbine is adjusted so as not to act upon
the valve (a) till it bas attained a slightly higher speed than that fixed upon
as the proper speed, so that practically the position of the cover (a2), and
consequently the quantity of water passing through the turbine, is regulated
entirely by the float (f). The rod (f) from the float lever passes freely
through the lever (e) from the governor (e), so that each is free to lift the
spindle of the valve (a¹), and allow the water to pass to the drum (a), but
both are passive in respect to the closing of the valve, as they do not close,
but permit it to close by its own gravity. The governor lever (e¹) lifts by
acting upon an adjustable collar above it, which is secured upon the rod (ƒ³).
In place of a float, as above explained, an elastic drum cover and drum piston

page_text: and cylinder or its equivalent may be employed to act upon the spindle of the
valve (a) or its equivalent, such elastic drum being connected by a pipe with
the water passing to the turbine, so that an increase or decrease of pressure
consequent upon an increase or decrease in the level or head of the water will
produce a corresponding change or movement in the elastic drum or its
equivalent, and such movements being conveyed to the valve, so as to cut off
or diminish the supply of water to the drum (a) when there is an increase of
pressure, and vice versa when there is a decrease of pressure. The pressure
of the water in the drum or its equivalent is counterbalanced by spring pressure
or a lever varying in weight according to its position. The application of the
elastic drum for this purpose is illustrated in Fig. 3; g is the elastic drum; (g')
the pipe connecting it with head of water; 92, the lever conveying its movements
to the governor boss, and consequently to the valves a and a in the drum a.
The float f, shewn in Fig. 6, may also be applied to act upon the governor and
valves in the drum by arranging the lever through which the float acts upon the
governor, so that a descent of the float will produce an ascent of the governor,
and in arranging the float and governor so as only to be active upon the
valves and a in ascending, and passive in descending, and thus permitting
the valves to be moved by gravity in the descent.
The fourth part of my Invention relates to means of regulating the speed or
load of the turbine to suit an irregular head or fall of water, and this part of
my Invention consists in applying tubes at one or more points round the
turbine with their orifices in such direction that the water will enter them
when it leaves the ducts of the turbine in a direction different from that which
it takes when the turbine is working at a speed in correct proportion to the
head of water acting upon it, and by the water entering the orifices of the
pipes pressure is produced which is conveyed to an elastic drum or its
equivalent that is made to operate upon mechanism for varying the load upon
the turbine so as to vary its speed. This is illustrated by Figs. 10, 11,
and 12. Fig. 10 is a partial plan view with lines (w) representing the
circumference of the turbine, and arrows representing the direction of the
currents from the turbine when the speed is too quick and when too slow.
are pipes with openings in the direction of the arrows. These pipes
lead to a cylinder («), having a piston (a) in it, one pipe communicating
with the cylinder at the upper, and the other with the cylinder at the
lower side of the piston. This cylinder piston and connected parts is shewn
in section by Fig. 11. A current from the turbine in either direction
pointed by the arrows will produce suction on one and pressure on the other

page_text: side of the piston, and this will act upon the piston (a), and its motion will
be transmitted by suitable rods (a) and levers to differential apparatus, similar
to that shewn by Figs. 17 and 18 of the Drawings accompanying the Speci-
fication of my Patent No. 1681, and dated the Seventh July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Fig. 12 shews an elevation or double elastic drum a applied to this purpose.
The two drums (a) are separated by a diaphgram in the middle; one pipe
communicates with one, the other with the other drum. The two drums are
connected by a central rod (a*), so as to move together. This rod (a*)
passes freely through a central boss of the diaphgram. This governor is fixed
by a flange in a line with the diapligram.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, and claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the actuating clows, valves, and other regulators of the motive fluid
in motive power engines for the purpose of governing the speed of such engines
or the supply of motive fluid thereto by the force obtained from the momentum
and suction of currents of fluid, as explained under the head of the first part
of my Invention.
Secondly, the arrangements for governing motive-power engines when the
drum a or its equivalent is made to rotate, and the actuating current of fluid
is produced wholly by centrifugal force, or partly by centrifugal force and partly
by impact and suction, as explained under the head of the first part of my
Invention
Thirdly, I claim the combination and arrangement of parts for governing
my inproved turbines, substantially as shewn in Fig. 3 of the accompanying
Drawings, and as explained under the head of the first part of my Invention.
Fourthly, I claim the apparatus for governing motive-power engines when
there is a constant outflow and a supply of fluid regulated by a ball or other
governor, or a constant supply and an outflow regulated by a ball or other
governor, as described under the head of the second part of my Invention.
Fifthly, I claim the governing of my improved turbine by a drum (a), or
its equivalent rotating with the turbine, as shewn by Fig. 6; and also as shewn
in Fig. 7, and described under the head of the second part of 1 my Invention.
Sixthly, I claim the combination and arrangement of parts for regulating
the consumption of water by my improved turbines according to its supply, as
described under the head of the third part of my Invention, but do not claim
the use of floats for this purpose apart from the combination and arrangement
shewn and described.

page_text: Seventhly, I claim the system or mode of regulating the speed or load of
turbines, having a varying head or fall of water, by the means and in the
manner described under the head of the fourth part of my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Christian Schiele, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
said Christian Schiele in the
presence of
THOMAS HENRY CRIPPIN,
Draughtsman.
CHRISTIAN SCHIELE. (L.s.)