Improvements in Apparatus for Turning Over the Leaves of Music.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Feb., 1894-Accepted, 4th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Turning Over the Leaves of Music.
I AUGUST CARL SCHMIDT of 40 Horsell Road, Highbury, London Inventor,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a suitable framework whereon is mounted a sliding bar
that works to and fro and is actuated by clock work. A revolving upright carries
a rod having a rubber or other suitable facing which when the rod is operated forms
a pucker in the leaf of music preparatory to its being turned over. To effect
this an index arm carried on an upright and furnished with catch is mounted on
the framework in any convenient position together with a holder which is pivoted
to a suitable bearing and operated by a catch that raises it into position to hold the
leaf on one side. A clip is likewise pivoted to such bearing. This clip is
arranged to be raised by a projection or its equivalent formed on or attached
to the holder and when so raised it serves to clip the leaf on the other side
and so hold it in position to be turned over by the action of the sliding bar.
A pin is fixed to the holder which pin serves to hold the leaf in position
while the pucker is being formed therein as above described. Motion is imparted
to the sliding bar by a jointed lever which is operated by the spindle of the
driving wheel of the clockwork mechanism, and such sliding bar imparts motion
to toothed gearing whereby the reel and catch together with the clip and index
arm are operated.
Mounted on the framework in any convenient position is a second holder
which retains the leaf in position when turned over. Such holder is arranged
to fall back out of the way while the leaf is being turned, and when so turned
the holder resumes its former position. A catch, or its equivalent, serves to
open the clip, and so release the leaf after it has been turned over. The motion
of the clockwork is arrested by means of a rod which comes in contact there-
with and so stops it until the rod is depressed by a button or stud.
The apparatus is contained in a suitable box or casing which is provided
with a back that serves as a desk to support the music, and the position of
such desk is regulated by springs so as to hold the music up to the leaf turning
apparatus.
1
ex
1000
ELT
Co.,
33, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, London, Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
3 Improvements in Apparatus for Turning Over the Leaves of Music.
I, AUGUST CARL SCHMIDT of 40, Horsell Road, Highbury, London, Inventor
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
This invention relates to certain Improvements in Apparatus for Turning Over
the Leaves of Music during such time or from time to time as the playing of
the music is proceeding or is being executed, performed or played.
I

page_text: It is applicable to a reading desk such as for pianoforte, harmonium, or organ
playing or for a reading desk mounted or not upon a pedestal or like support
for solo playing and so forth.
In the drawings annexed hereto :-
Fig. 1 is a general view of the device with the mechanism at rest and in
position before the motion stop or stops A, A', is or are pressed and consequently
before the leaf is "bulged" and then clasped, preparitorily to the traverse
movement of the vibrating or turning-arm B, from right to left, in the operation
of turning the leaf or sheet.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of the half rest D³ on the right hand side of the music
holder or rest shewing outwardly-pressing-spring D in dotted lines, and down-
wardly projecting-catch-pin D' which has to be acted upon by the rack-lever D°
Figs. 3 and 5.
Fig. 2. represents in vertical section the pedal stand for actuating the starting
stops A. A.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan at line z z of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3. is a plan view of the top plate C, of the internal framework C, C¹ C
(contained in the boxing D, of the music rest D1, D2, D3, D',) with the parts of
the mechanism on plate C, in like position to Fig. 1. that is at rest.
Fig. 3 shews a spring affixed to the arm B, and the plate of its actuating
toothed wheel.
Fig. 4. is a front view or elevation of the framework and mechanism shewn
in Fig. 3. the front presser plate G. and its rocking bar G₁ (Figs. 3 and 5),
being omitted.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the presser reel I, at left hand of the mechanism
for holding down the turned-over leaves. It is faced with rubber I. The sheet
bulging reel F, at the right hand of the machine is of like form and similarly
faced.
Fig. 5, is a plan, similar to Fig. 3, but with the motion started and the parts
moved to a certain extent, after the leaf or sheet to be turned-over, has been
taken hold of by the clasp E (at the extremity of and carried by the vibratory
turning-arm B). The presser plate G, which is faced with rubber, on bar G³,
is indicated by dotted lines in laid down position to allow of the passing of the
leaf that is being turned-over by clasp E, e, of the arm B.
Figs. 54 and 5 are top and front views detached of the clasp Ee in its closed
operative position (clasp Ee is shewn open in Figs. 3 and 4). Front face of the
hinged clip or clasp piece E', is faced with rubber.
Figs. 6, and 64 are plan and front views respectively of the main motion-bar K,
driven to and fro (by crank M and link k, jointed at K') from a spindle M' of the
clockwork gear (Figs. 3, 4, 5 and partially shewn in Figs. 7 and 8).
Fig. 7 is a diagram in plan of the back and front stop motions in connection with
the starting stops A A¹ and the train of clockwork gearing.
Fig. 8 is a further diagram of the "repeat" or "da capo" stop motion (which
stop motion is placed to rearward of the motion train of gear) the parts below the
-push bar of the stop A for the trip action for opening the clasp E, on the left
hand side, are shewn in this figure.
The toothed gear wheels are for the most part indicated in plan by double dotted
circles. Brackets or supporting plates for spindles are marked a. Where not
otherwise marked c, are centres of motion. The leaf turning and clasping
mechanism works in combination with a special book-rest or desk see Figs. 1
and 1 and 2 and 2ª. This consists of the boxing D, in which the clock-work
mechanism is contained; D', is a rigid back frame of the boxing D, and D' D' is
the book rest proper divided into two parts binged at the top edges thereof, as
at D' to the back frame D¹. At the back of the half frame D³ between the lower
part thereof and the back frame D', is a bow spring D fastened to D' at its middle,
as shown in dotted lines Fig. 1^' (which spring will continually press the frame D
forward) to press the leaves of the music (book or sheet) against the sheet' bulging

page_text: reel F, at the right hand side of the mechanism, and against the front pressure rest
bar G, which bar G will be carried by arms (of a rocking bar G¹) projecting
through the cover of boxing D, as hereinafter described. The hinged frame D'
has projecting below same a pin D' which passes and works through the slot D
(shown in dotted lines Fig. 1) in the cover of the boxing D. The said pin D' is
to be caught from time to time by an oscillating rack bar D' of the mechanism,
Figs. 3 and 5.
The slot B¹ represented by solid black lines allows of the radial traverse of the
turning arm B, taking place freely from right to left and back again as will more
fully hereinafter appear.
In like manner slot H, admits of the forward and backward radial motion of the
clockwork spring-barrel-winding-arm H¹.
1, is a rubber faced retaining reel for exerting pressure on the back face of the
sheet of music, which has been turned over to retain same.
Before describing the operating mechanism further I will describe the application
of the pedestal desk-holder, as shewn in Figs. 2 and 2^.
'
There is a columnar support. 1 with feet and with cap 2. Centrally of these there
is the telescope-tube 3, inside of which is the central telescoping rod 4, packed at
its lower end 4%, to fit the tube 3, and supporting at its upper end a table 5,
6, indicate two pedals, having, inside the column 1, ends 6, with female threads which
engage with the worms (right and left) at the foot of the rods 7. These rods are
intended to make a partial turn by means of their worms and the thread of the
pedal ends 6, (in conjunction with recovery springs or weights not shown) when
the pedals are pressed by the foot. The rods 7, have for their upper ends, square
tubes 7, and these can turn in the cap 2. The square tubes 7, receive rods 8
with lower terminating square ends 8ª fitting inside the tubes 7*.
Said rods 8, pass freely through the table 5, and upon said table 5, is to be fixed
and carried the music turning apparatus with the stops A, A', immediately in rear of
the arms 8. Thus when, the pedal-rods 7, are turned the rods 8, and their arins 8b
will also be turned over, and these latter will operate on the button bars of the
stops. A, or A, to start the mechanism as and when required.
In consequence of the square ends 8* of rods 8 fitting the square tubes 7* of the
turnable pedal rods 7 the telescoping rod 4, 4*, and the music table 5, can be raised
and lowered without interfering with the semi-turning operation of the stop-
actuating-arms 8°.
The further mechanism consists of a suitable framework having the top plate C,
the spacing pedestals C, and the bottom plate C. Upon the said top plate. C, is
mounted a sliding bar K. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 64 (hereinafter called the motion-
bar) said motion-bar being worked to and fro by a link-piece k, pivoted loosely
to said motion-bar K' at one end, and at the other end of said link piece k to a
crank-arm, M fast on the spindle M¹ of one of the gear wheels n' in the train of
clock-work mechanism. The sliding motion bar K is guided by the guide
slots K, and the shanks of the headed studs K. The said clock-work train
commences from the spring barrel N and its spur wheel N¹. The winding arm. H¹
and its ratchet-wheel-and-pawl-winder, for the barrel spindle and spring, and also
the ratchet and, pawl check device for the spring barrel (when wound) require
no further description, but are indicated at H³, Fig. 4.
..Referring to the same Fig. 4. the spring barrel spur wheel N¹, drives wheels n,
and gives off motion to wheel n' on spindle M' carrying the driving crank arm M
. before described. Said spindle M₁ also carries the wheel n and above that an
edge wheel in which is a break, or opening n* (see Figs. 7 and 8) for the
projecting nose of the detent arin n. n gears with pinion n carrying wheel n'
gearing to pinion n°. Above wheel n' is an edge wheel n° (not seen in Fig. 4)
with a break or opening atino for the detent piece of arm n" said arm terminating
with the nose n. The detent pieces: n³ and n¹¹ are shewn in the diagram of the
stop-motion Fig. 7 and also in Fig. 4., and the arm n", is pressed upon by the finger
spring" reaching from and fixed at its inner end upon the adjacent pedestal C".
3

page_text: The said arms n³ and n¹ are carried on a single collet free to turn on the
standard o, which collet also carries the arm o¹ which extends to, and by its pierced
end o, collars-on-to the button end of the push-bar of the stop A'.
"
On the spindle of pinion n³, above the edge wheel n is mounted the worm
wheel n (indicated in dotted lines Fig. 4, because the spring n" intervenes) and
further the dotted lines which indicate, in plan Fig. 7. the stop edge-wheel n' also
indicate the said worm wheel n¹³. The worm and its spindle is shown at n" and
said spindle carries a butterfly or flyer n". The nose n¹ of arm n", is shewn
(Fig. 7) projecting over the flyer n and the stop pieces of arms n³ and n" are
shewn engaged with the gaps, breaks, or openings n³, n10 respectively of the edge
wheels, and an effectual stopping of the mechanism will always take place after one
revolution of the crank wheel; and the stopping will take place without shock.
The one revolution of the crank wheel will correspond also to the complete vibra-
tion of the arm B, that is, from right to left and back again. Pushing in the stop
"over" will push in the arm o³, and bring the stop arms n', n", and n¹ away from
the edge wheels n³, n³, and also the nose n", from the flyer 7. The "repeat"
push bar a' is connected with a somewhat similar stop means consisting of the end-
pivoted detent piece m, with stops m' and m" which on the half turn of the
edge stop-wheels n³ and no will by force of spring m" fall into the stops n n10 when
a half revolution of those wheels shall have taken place and one single traverse of
the arm B, has been done. m¹ is a nose to lever m, which will act on the flyer n¹
when the stops mo, m", fall into play to stop the revolution of the wheels and the
march of the mechanism at the half turn. m is a pivoted bar under the plate C,
having an obliquely formed nose see Fig. 8 which will operate so that, when the
stop push bar a¹ is forced in, it will be turned by the pin a' on the bar a' and will
by its open hooked end m' act to draw upon the one arm me of a two armed
lever pivoted at me said lever acting through link bar m to turn the cranked
arm m which is fast on a vertical turnable pin carrying the crook m above
plate C, Fig. 3 and 5. This crook m" will hold up the trip catch i, when the
turned leaf has to be retained in the clasp Ee and be returned to the right hand side
by the return of arm B to "repeat" the playing or reading of a passage; that is for a
"da capo" sign in music. The "
repeat" detent lever m will not engage with
stop wheel openings n n until the repeat stop A' and its bar a¹ has been pushed
in. Stud a on the underside of bar a will then act on the inclined end me of the
lever m* forcing the spring m¹ thereof over against and to press upon the stud m³
of detent lever m. At the same time this takes place the downwardly projecting
finger a' (see Fig. 4) in the front of push bar a¹ will act upon the collar of arm o³, 0³,
so that the front detent levers will be pressed in and the stop pieces n³ n" will
release the edge wheels n³ n° and flyer n so starting the machine.
When the bar a', and the spring lever m* and m is pushed back the nose me of
the double lever pivoted at m is acted upon to draw over the link m10 and turn m¹³
to move around the crook m". By bringing the crook m round as described, the
trip catch is upheld to allow of the motion-bar, lift or incline to pass under
catch i free without operating the left hand reel mechanism
and
the clasp plate e opening device so that the turning arm B, and clip E E' e, will
hold the music leaf and remain at rest to the left hand side. To turn the leaf back
again the bottom button A¹ has to be pressed, whereupon the "repeat" detent
piece m, is thrown out of action and the mechanism will again operate until the
front detent piece n³ n" n¹ again falls into action, the arm B, and- sheet of music
in clip E, having in the meantime, been brought back behind the presser bar G.
As the leaf is still retained by the clip E, either button A, or A¹ may be again
pressed, but if the leaf has to be turned over and released at left hand side the
over button A will always be pressed.
66
"
In this case the cam d on the spindle M' will act upon the lever d' d² centered
atc so that the end d¹ thereof will act on the upwardly projecting part of stud a
so forcing back and outward the presser bar a and putting the repeat gear out of
action. The further action of this lever d' d will be hereinafter explained. The

page_text: front rest bar G is arranged to fall forward out of the way whilst the turned
leaf is being carried to and laid down on the left hand side of the music desk.
When the trip motion catch i comes into action the leaf will be released from
the clasp Ee of the turning arm B, and the holder I, on that side of the music
will be raised by its recovery spring into action of pressure so as to hold the
turned leaf at rest for being read or played. Upon the motion bar K is an edge
rack ki, a hinged hanging bracket k³ a rack k³ a spring B' a plate carrying a
curved incline, with a grooved edge (and there are two small carrier runners A
which are not necessarily essential). The spring B' presses against the pin r
on the toothed wheel r¹, Fig. 3, to control the arm B from swinging when the
mechanism is at rest.
As shown in Fig. 34 the spring B2 is of slightly different form. Its fixed end is
secured down upon the arm B, and the spring lays over the end of arm B and the
spring end B³, hooks around or on to a stud carried on the toothed plate or
wheel and stud projects upward through the curved slot or recess r¹ cut away
in the end of arm B.
When the toothed wheel is operated-upon by the gear wheel ¹ through rack k³
of the motion bar K the arm B will be operated but the spring B' both prevents
arm B from swinging and also prevents same from coming with any appreciable
shock against the face of the machine.
Upon the upper part of the spindle M' are arranged cams ff¹ of which ƒ is an
extension of the crank arm M and f¹ is a disc; there is also the disc cam d.
The cams ff are to operate an oscilating lever f', f³, centered at and its
purpose is to move the hooked lever bar ft back and forth.
The hook of bar works over the hinged plate f° of the turning toothed disc
wheel and said wheel carries upon an outstanding or upwardly projecting
rod or finger the "bulge "reel F. The plate f turns under hook during the
time the reel F, presses against the leaf to bulge it, but when the hook and bar f
is taken back off the plate by the movement of lever ƒ ƒ³ the spring under the
plate turns said plate f back on its hinge and with it the reel F, but the same
recovers position when the parts are moved back by cam f'. The book /* lifts
the hinged plate. The cam d'is to operate the oscilating lever d' d' centered
at and upon the end of said lever is jointed the ratchet bar D' having a spring
finger thereunder (shewn in dotted line Fig. 3). There is also applied to rack
bar D a spiral spring attached to the upper shoulder of the rack-bar D'.
It is to be noticed that the rack-bar D' has been hereinbefore described as
engaging with pin D' of the half rest-frame D. The said pin D' is to be caught
and released from time to time by the rack bar D' as the thickness of the music
is reduced so as to permit of there being maintained the proper pressure outward
of the half rest spring D. The said cams ff and d are to respectively, act upon
the peculiarly shaped cam paths in the ends of the lever 1, and to or move the
lever d' d. As shewn in Fig. 5. the cam has operated upon the end of the
oscilating lever and the cam is about to act upon the cam path in the fork of
the lever for the rest of the requisite motion that is to carry the lever back. The
reel F which presses against the page or leaf to be turned over, and in its initial
motion makes a partial turn in frictional contact with the said page or leaf, moves
the free outer portion of the leaf from the left towards the right and in as much as
the left side of said leaf is subjected to and held by the pressure between the balf
rest D³ and the front rest bar G G the free end or extreme right hand portion of
the leaf is bulged or brought into an open position partially away from the rest so
as to allow of the plate e of the clasp rising to take up position behind the leaf.
The rack on motion bar K, is to actuate the wheels ƒ ƒ ƒ* to turn the hinged
platform of the pressure reel F to bulge the leaf to be turned. Rack is to
turn the toothed wheels of turning arm B.
The lianging bracket is to come into action upon the hanging arm e³ of the
rocking cross bar so as to cause the stud e (carried on a crank arm of e¹) to
traverse down the curved slot C' in the plate C and to strike upon the tail piece e³

page_text: 1
of the plate e, pivoted at el to the clasp E, so as to raise the plate e of the clasp
behind the bulge of the leaf as before described. At the same time the open finger
clip e fast on plate e will be raised in front of clasp plate E' so as to press upon
and lift the said hinged front plate portion E' of the clasp E Ele and to press the
said plate E against the front of the leaf or sheet (at the same time that the
plate e is standing at the back of the leaf) and so the sheet or leaf of music will be
clasped automatically. Upon the bar e is a spiral recovery spring to return the
trip pine when the hanging bracket k³ has passed.
Upon the edge of the disc of the wheel fis raised a cam incline to act upon
the finger g of bar go to rock or turn, same and this movement is communicated
through the double crank and intermediate link connections 9 9³g' to the rocking
bar G to turn down (as shown in dotted lines Figs. 3 and 5) the front pressure
plate G' as the leaf is being turned. This pressure bar G and plate G' is returned
by spring go, and pressed against the sheets of music when finger g leaves cam
incline and the music sheet has been turned to the left and released.
The holder reel I on its hinged platform is arranged to be laid forward out of
the way whilst the turned leaf is being laid down on the left hand side D² of the
music desk.
When the arm B and its clasp has passed to the left hand side and laid the
turned leaf against the half rest D³ the motion bar K, has to operate a trip motion
to release the turned over leaf from the clasp. Which is effected as follows:
The edge cam or incline 4 of motion bar K passes under the depending
finger i upon a cross bar, carrying a crank arm and pin. There is also a
link connecting the arm with the turnable disc upon which disc is raised the
cam incline *.
This cam incline in turning acts as a wedge to force up or throw back or outward
the hinged disc that is the hinged platform carrying the recl I.
The spring is set to exert a pull on a down standing arm i10 of the cross bar i¹.
The depending finger i is arranged with a stop upon the cross bar i so that the
finger i will rigidly act to turn the bar whilst the incline k is passing under the
same from right to left; but so soon as the motion bar K, passes the incline, beyond
reach of the finger i, then the recovery spring will pull back the cross rod i¹ and
its connections.
By this means the outstanding pin will be carried or moved in the curved
slot in the face plate C' from the position shewn in Figs. 3 and 4 to that shewn
in Fig. 5. and when released the pin will strike on the tail e of plate e of the
clasp E Ee, and throw it down whereupon the turned leaf will be left free of the
clasp. When the motion bar returns it will strike against the depending finger i
but without effect as it is free to turn on the bar without "stop" in this direction
and so the backward passing of the incline will not meet with any resistance. The
bell crank or crook m¹ when actuated by. the "da capo" or "repeat" motion as
.before. described will be turned around so as to project under and hold up the
finger, so that the movement of the bar K. and of the incline ke from right to left
will not operate to turn the bar i¹ nor to operate the parts to release the clasp Ee.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
1. The apparatus for turning over the leaves of music, having the turning
platform and reel F to bulge the leaf and the turn. over arm B fitted with the
automatically operated clasp E Ee combined with the driving clockwork
mechanism the front presser bar G G and the hinged spring-pressed music. rest D³
..as, and for the purpose herein set forth.
2. In apparatus for turning over the leaves of music the hinged spring pressed
music rest with the downward projecting pin, D' extending to the mechanism
within the container, boxing and engaging with the ratchet bar D' for regulating
the space between the front of the said hinged rest, and the pressure faces of the

page_text: reel F and the front clip-bar G and plate G¹ as the leaves are turned over, that is.
for the purpose of accommodating difference of thickness of books or pieces of sheet
music of varying thickness, as set forth.
3. In apparatus for turning over the leaves of music. The train of motion gear
with the crank arm M. and link k operating the motion bar K, as set forth with the
racks operating the train of wheels of the reel turning motion and front clip
bar G G and also the rack k³, operating the gears for the turn over-arm B with its.
clasp E E' e respectively as set forth.
4. In apparatus for turning over the leaves of music the combination of the cam
carriage or incline on the motion bar engaging with and working against the
hanging stop finger or trip lever i on the cross bar for tripping the crank pin >³.
for opening the clip E E¹e and operating the left hand pressure reel 1, through its.
link as set forth.
5. In apparatus for turning over the leaves of music the hinged hanger or trip
piece on the motion bar K to operate the double crauk bar and trip pin e³ et e
operating on the shoe e* of the clasp turning plate e as set forth.
6. The sliding bar with the crooked point f acting upon the incline of the top.
plate f³ of the reel platform operated by the oscilating lever ff with the forked
cam path, and cams f. f¹ of the driving spindle M' as set forth.
7. The combination of the cam d of driving spindle M' with the cam path
of the end of the oscilating lever d' d' of the regulator ratchet bar D° for acting
on D' to regulate the space between the half rest D³ and the reel F and presser
bar G Gas set forth.
8. In apparatus for turning over the leaves of music the combination of the
clockwork train as set forth with the motion bar K and the arm B E E' e as herein.
specified.
9. In combination with clockwork mechanism as described the regulator stop
devices operated by the bars of the push buttons A A¹ for the "repeat" or for the
over" motion as and for the purpose herein set forth.
66
10. In music turning device as set forth the combination of the central spring B*
and of the turn over arm B as set forth.
11. In music turning device as set forth the rocking clip bar G and plate G¹ and
the link connections 9* g with bar and its finger 9' acted upon by the cam
incline of the wheel of the bulge reel F as herein specified.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1894.
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.