FOR RAISING A SHAG ON ALL SORTS OF WOOLLEN CLOTHS, AND CROPPING OR SHEARING THEM, WHICH TOGETHER COME UNDER THE DESCRIPTION OF DRESSING WOOLLEN CLOTHS; AND ALSO FOR CROPPING OR SHEARING FUSTIANS
Year: 1787

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HARMAR, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Clerk, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Twentieth day of March, in the twenty-seventh year of His reign, hath been
graciously pleased to give and grant unto me, the said John Harmar, my
exors, admors, and assigns, especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said John Harmar, my exors, admors, and assigns,
and every of them, by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said John Harmar,
my exors, admňors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no other
or others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend the machine by me invented and found out "FOR RAISING A SHAG ON ALL
SORTS OF WOOLLEN CLOTHS, AND CROPPING OR SHEARING THEM, WHICH TOGETHER
COME UNDER THE DESCRIPTION OF DRESSING WOOLLEN CLOTHS; AND ALSO FOR
CROPPING OR SHEARING FUSTIANS," within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed; in such manner as to me, the said John Harmar, my
exors, admors, and assigns, or any of them, should in my or their discretions
seem meet; and that I, the said John Harmer, my exors, admors, and
assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit,
commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accruing,
and arising by reason of the said Invention; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy
the said licence, powers, privileges, and advantages therein granted or men-

page_text: tioned to be granted unto me, the said John Harmar, my exors, admors, and
assigns, for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from
the date of the said Letters Patent, next and immediately ensuing, and fully
to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and
provided: And whereas in the said Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe
or condition, that if the said John Harmar should not particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within one calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void,
as in and by the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may more
fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in obedience to the said Letters Patent, and to the
aforesaid proviso or condition therein contained, I, the said John Harmar, do
by these Presents particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, referring to the Drawings in the margin of these Presents, which
I explain as follows:-
A, a shear board with a small curve. B: round A a frame is erected, falling
a little below its level, with pillars at each corner fram'd both at top and
bottom, as in Drawing. C, a loose frame on which E rides. D, the blocks of
wood to give an inclination to C; this inclination is nearly in proportion of an
inch in a foot. E, the shears as used by croppers with their bobs or levers,
which by a line work them. F, the screws on C, to hold a rail extending
from one to the other, to steady the working blade of E. G, the harness in
two parts, and is fitted to each end of the riding blade of E, and being
hollowed to the bow, and grov'd to admit both ends of the said riding blade,
and fastened on with screws and bands. It is further composed of six
wheels in each part; two at each end are so fixed as to roll on the under side
of C, and so keep C in its due course. The other eight are fixed in two
narrow frames, having four strong screws rivitted to each frame, yet so as to
turn; these, passing through their nuts fixed in the harness already named,
being turned, raise or lower the edges of E as may be found necessary to the
due performance of their work. H, the rod, carrying a small crank at each
end with a small pulley. I, the straps of wood fitted at one end to the handle
of the cranks of G, and terminating by mortices and tenons with two small
beams, where they are fastened with pins with liberty to work. K, two pillars
with apertures on the top, and situated at both ends of A. L, two small beams

page_text: communicating at one end with I, and passing through the apertures of K,
where they are fixed with pins on which they work, but so as to shift on
occasions to give the necessary vibrations to their extremities, to advantage
the cranks, that they give the necessary pressure on the levers of E. M, a
rail extending the length of G, with a small aperture down the middle, and
is fixed by screws at each end to the extremities of L, which project to the
right of A. N, a small frame with four small friction pullies fix'd in it, and
a tongue coming through the aperture of M. O, a line communicating
from the tongue of N to the lever of E; when, theretofore, the small
pulley from the letter H gives motion to its cranks, this acting upon
I, L, M, O, and the lever or bob of E, the blades of the shears close for the
purpose of cropping; that the shears may produce the proper effect they are
given a progression. P, an axis carrying a small cog wheel at one end, and a
pulley with five grooves in it, as answering to another that stands inverted on S.
Q, another axis carrying two different sized cog wheels, the larger of which
is worked by the small cogs on P. R, the third and last axis in the pro-
gressive frame of wheels and pullies, carries a large cog wheel and a pulley
with two grooves in it, and is worked with the small cog wheel on Q, as
represented in the Drawing. S, an axletree, with pullies for bands to the first
movement. T, the bands communicating from the pulley R to G, where
they are fastened by straps and buckles; when, therefore, the pulley on S
gives motion to P and Q, the pulley on R gives progression to E, and by
varying the bands into the different groves of P, E is giving a, necessary
progression in cropping or shearing of cloths or fustians.
FOR STOPPING THE WORK ON ALL NECESSARY OCCASIONS.
U, the strap from X, communicating by W to one of the stops of H.
W, a frame, turning on its supporter near one end to encrease its power as
a lever, fastened, with liberty for a small movement. ✗, a lever crossing the
upper end of B, and by U acts upon W; so by pressing down or raising the
extremity of X, the pulley on H rises or sinks, and E, by means of Z, is wholly
stopt. Y, a lever which turns on a swivel near one end, being attach'd by
a band to that shears which rides on the other part of C, by its action
thrusts the extremity of X from under its pin, and so E stops itself. Z, the
bands, communicate from both sides the fulcrum of X, and are fastened
to the pulley on R in contrary directions; therefore the movement on X throws
out or in the cogg'd wheel on R, and E stops or is put in progressive
action. a, the rollers to which b is attach'd in different directions. b, the
cords for the management of. E. C, the small pullies through which b
pass.

page_text: axis of t; these standing in contrary directions, by changing the band into its
different groves, the cloth keeps nearly regular in passing through the work.
w, the line communicating with a frame as d and e in shearing, which by
turning X, 1 is raised to and from its work. a, an axletree with its lever,
cog'd wheel, and-stop. y, four cog wheels in a frame, as in shearing; they act
by the axletree of the first being morticed into the second axletree of t pro-
gressive; the third..or last axis carries a wheel with small projections on one
side to catch the end of a hammer, which falling on a bill tells nearly what
cloth has passed through the work, that the handles in 7 may be turned or
changed. z, the beam worked by the crank wheel on the letter t. Fig. 2, the
bands fix'd to the extremities of letter Z and 1, acting alternately on 1, that the
shag may be regularly raised from one list to the other. 3, the weights at
each corner of h to keep 7 to its work and to act against a. 4, the pulley
wheel to carry the cranks, and communicates with the first movement. 5, the
pulley that carries the progressive wheels for raising the shag and the regula-
tor y, for stopping the work, for raising of the shag, or putting it in motion,
x, u, w, in shearing acting on one of the stops of M, and so loosening or
tightening the band that communicates with the first movement, stops the
work for raising the shag, or puts it in motion; or by placing two pullies in a
narrow frame through which the band passeth from 4.to the first movement,
this frame being fastened within a little of one end with pins, the raising or
sinking, the other tightens or slackens the band, and the work of raising
the shag stops or goes forward.
And I do declare, that the said Invention is to be performed, as to the
cropping or shearing part, in manner following (that is to say):-The cloth
being put to work G as in Drawing, and across the surface of A, and the
edges of E being brought to the exact angle of A, either by the screws on G
or on the feet of A, that extremity of a which projects to the right hand of
C being pressed down, the pulley of H is tightened; and the pulley on the
extremity of S, which communicates with the first movement, puts the cranks
of H in motion, and also the progressive wheels, so that M by O acting upon
the lever or bob of E, the working goes on; when the foremost shears reach
the list, X is thrown from under its pin by y, and E wholly stops, when by a
pressure on the lever of d, E is raised from its work, and by the turning of
a to the right and left, the shears are shifted from their work to both ends of
the board, when the cloth is shifted by the pressure of the lever of d, C, on
which E rolls, is raised, and by a turned left and right, E is shifted to its
situation proper to begin the work again, which is done by the pressure of the
extremity of X to the under side of its pin. And for the raising the shag the

page_text: cloth is wound on a roller and across the table or board, as in Drawing, when
by a band from Figure 4 to the first movement, putting the cranks in motion,
7 raiseth the shag, and when y by its bell directs the handles or small tazle
frames in 1 are shifted or turned, the work being stopt for this purpose as in
shearing, x, u, w, acting on one of the stops of M as above described, or by
placing two pullies in a narrow frame through which the band passeth as
above also described, and as the cloth passeth over g, the band of u is changed
into its different groves at convenient times, that the shag may be regularly.
raised.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Tenth
day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and
eighty-seven, and in the twenty-seventh year of the reign of our
Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of God of Great
Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the faith, and so