IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANU- FACTURE OF CARRIAGE LAMPS AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SAID an Tuyen Trane 993 T CARNBARNATION LA WE
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Howes and William Burley, both of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturers,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANU-
FACTURE OF CARRIAGE LAMPS AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SAID
an Tuyen Trane 993
T
CARNBARNATION LA WEDG
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by tho said Walter Howes and
William Burley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 23rd January 1874.
We, WALTER HOWES and WILLIAM BURLEY, both of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGE LAMPS AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE SAID
MANUFACTURE, AND IN CONNECTING CARRIAGE LAMPS TO LAMP IRONS," to be as
follows:-
Our improvements in the construction of carriage lamps are as
follows:-
In order to facilitate the placing of the candle in the candle tube of

page_text: the lamp and the trimming of the lamp we make the said candle tube
readily detachable from the body or case of the lamp. For this purpose
we connect the candle tube to a plate or bottom, which plate or bottom
is capable by a sliding motion of being connected with and disconnected
from the lamp case. On the under side of the sliding bottom described
carrying the candle tube is a rectangular block, the longer sides of which
have V shaped depressions in them, and in the fixed bottom of the lamp
case is a rectangular opening of the size of the block described, the
longer sides of the said opening having V shaped projections upon them.
When the sliding bottom is introduced into the lamp case the V shaped
depressions of the block engage with or seat themselves upon the
V shaped projections on the fixed bottom of the lamp, and the sliding
bottom is thereby secured in the bottom of the lamp case. When the
door of the lamp is closed its bottom edge projects over the edge of the
sliding bottom and prevents the latter from being removed from its place
in the lamp.
By our improvements the introduction of the candle into the candle
tube of the lamp and the trimming of the lamp can be effected outside
the lamp case, whereby the difficulty heretofore experienced of readily
placing the candle in the candle tube is removed, and great cleanliness
in the trimming of the lamp secured.
We
We ventilate the lamp by the following combination of parts :-
dispense with the holes or perforations usually made in the sides of the
lamp chimney for the escape of the heated air and products of com-
bustion, and in place thereof we make in the horizontal plate at the
head of the chimney a series of three slots. In the axis of the chimney
is an inverted pyramidal depending piece, against the sides of which the
currents of heated air strike, and are deflected thereby into the exit slots
described, which are situated around three sides of the base of the said
pyramidal piece. Over the said exit slots is the top flange of the
chimney, the said top flange projecting considerably beyond the said
slots. By this arrangement the hot air issuing from the lamp is pro-.
tected from external currents, and the efficient ventilation of the lamp
and great steadiness of the flame are secured.
We connect the lamp to the lamp iron in the following manner :—
At the back of the lamp case we fix a tubular socket screwed internally
with a hollow or concave screw, and on the end of the lamp iron fixed
on the carriage we make a convex screw of a size proper to fit in that

page_text: in the socket described. By screwing the screwed socket at the back of
the lamp case on to the screw on the lamp iron the said lamp is con-
nected to the said iron. By means of a fixing screw pin passed through
a hole in the side of the socket taking into a hole in the screwed end of
the lamp iron the unscrewing of the connecting socket is prevented.
We manufacture parts of carriage lamps in the following manner :—
Instead of connecting together the parts of the tubular beadings or
edgings of the flanges of the chimney of the lamp by soft soldering as
usual we connect the said parts by means of hard soldering, whereby
the liability to the unsoldering of the parts by the heat of the lamp is
avoided. Other parts of the lamp may be similarly connected, such as
the parts of the framing carrying the lamp glasses.
•
In order to produce a very neat junction at the abutting parts of the
beadings or edgings or other parts of the lamp to be soldered together we
give a smooth bevilled edge to the said parts by means of cutting tools
or apparatus constructed as follows:-The tubular beading or edging is
supported while its ends are bevilled in a holder having in its base a
trough-shaped depression, in which the beading is placed. Near the
front acting end of the holder a fixed inclined cutter or cutting edge is
made, against which the tubular beading is cut, and within the trough
of the holder is a plug having the same sectional figure as the beading
to be cut or bevilled. The face of the said plug is flush with and has
the same inclination as the fixed cutter or cutting edge of the holder.
When the tubular beading is placed in the holder the end of the beading
to be bevilled is supported externally by the trough of the holder and
internally by the plug in the said trough, and when so supported a
moveable cutter descends obliquely and cuts off the end of the tubular
beading against the inclined fixed cutter on the end of the holder. By
this means a very smooth unpuckered bevilled edge is given to the ends
of the tubular beading, which enables the parts to be neatly and readily
soldered together.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Walter Howes and William Burley in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 20th July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WALTER
HOWES and WILLIAM BURLEY, both of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Lamp Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four,
in the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs
and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Walter Howes and
William Burley, Her special license, that we, the said Walter Howes
and William Burley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Walter Howes and William Burley, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGE LAMPS AND IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE, AND IN CONNECTING CARRIAGE LAMPS TO
LAMP IRONS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Walter Howes and William Burley, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Burley, on behalf of
myself and the said Walter Howes, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
Our improvements in the construction of carriage lamps are as
follows:-
In order to facilitate the placing of the candle in the candle tube of

page_text: the lamp and the trimming of the lamp we make the said candle tube
readily detachable from the body or case of the lamp. For this purpose
we connect the candle tube to a plate or bottom, which plate or bottom
is capable by a sliding motion of being connected with and disconnected
from the lamp case. On the under side of the sliding bottom described
carrying the candle tube is a rectangular block, the longer sides of which
have shaped depressions in them, and in the fixed bottom of the lamp
case is a rectangular opening of the size of the block described, the
longer sides of the said opening having ✓ shaped projections upon them.
When the sliding bottom is introduced into the lamp case the V shaped
depressions of the block engage with or seat themselves upon the
V shaped projections on the fixed bottom of the lamp, and the sliding
bottom is thereby secured in the bottom of the lamp case. When the
door of the lamp is closed its bottom edge projects over the edge of the
sliding bottom and prevents the latter from being removed from its place
in the lamp.
-Wo
We ventilate the lamp by the following combination of parts:-
dispense with the holes or perforations usually made in the sides of the
lamp chimney for the escape of the heated air and products of com-
bustion, and in place thereof we make in the horizontal plate at the
head of the chimney a series of three slots. In the axis of the chimney
is an inverted pyramidal depending piece, against the sides of which the
currents of heated air strike, and are deflected thereby into the exit slots
described, which are situated around three sides of the base of the said
pyramidal piece. Over the said exit slots is the top flange of the
chimney, the said top flange projecting considerably beyond the said
slots.
We connect the lamp to the lamp iron in the following manner :—
At the back of the lamp case we fix a tubular socket screwed internally
with a hollow or concave screw, and on the end of the lamp iron fixed
on the carriage we make a convex screw of a size proper to fit in that in
the socket described. By screwing the screwed socket at the back of
the lamp case on to the screw on the lamp iron the said lamp is con-
nected to the said iron. By means of a fixing screw pin passed through
a hole in the side of the socket taking into a hole in the screwed end of
the lamp iron the unscrewing of the connecting socket is prevented.
We manufacture parts of carriage lamps in the following manner :—
Instead of connecting together the parts of the tubular beadings or

page_text: edgings of the flanges of the chimney of the lamp by soft soldering as
usual we connect the said parts by hard soldering, whereby the liability
to the unsoldering of the parts by the heat of the lamp is avoided.
Other parts of the lamp may be similarly connected, such as the parts
of the framing carrying the lamp glasses.
In order to produce a very neat junction at the abutting parts of the
beadings or edgings or other parts of the lamp to be soldered together
we give a smooth bevilled edge to the said parts by means of cutting
tools constructed as follows:-The tubular beading or edging is sup-
ported while its ends are bevilled in a holder having in its base a trough-
shaped depression, in which the beading is placed. Near the front
acting end of the holder a fixed inclined cutter or cutting edge is made,
against which the tubular beading is cut, and within the trough of the
holder is a plug having the same sectional figure as the beading to be
cut or bevilled. The face of the said plug is flush with and has the same
inclination as the fixed cutter or cutting edge of the holder. When the
tubular beading is placed in the holder the end of the beading to be
bevilled is supported externally by the trough of the holder and inter-
nally by the plug in the said trough, and when so supported a moveable
cutter descends and cuts off the end of the tubular beading against the
inclined fixed cutter on the end of the holder. By this means a very
smooth unpuckered bevilled edge is given to the ends of the tubular
beading, which enables the parts to be neatly and readily soldered
together.
Having explained the nature of our Invention we will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in
which the same is to be performed :—
Figure 1 represents in vertical section a carriage lamp containing our
improvements.
Figure 2 represents a plan of upper side, Figure 3 an elevation, and
Figure 4 a plan of under side of the sliding or detachable bottom of the
lamp carrying the candle tube.
Figure 5 represents a plan of the under side of the lamp chimney,
and exhibits the ammnnmement for ventilating the lemn and Figure 6 ia
.

page_text: a is the candle tube connected to the sliding bottom 6 of the lamp.
On the under side of the sliding bottom 6 is a rectangular block c, in
the longer sides of which V shaped depressions at d are made. In the
fixed bottom e of the lamp case f is a rectangular opening of the size
of the block c, the longer sides of the said opening in the fixed bottom
of the lamp case having V shaped projections 9 upon them (see
Figure 1).
f
In order to introduce the detachable bottom 6 into the lamp case
the V shaped depressions d in the bottom 6 are presented to the V shaped
projections g on the fixed bottom e of the lamp case, and by a sliding
motion the said V depressions are made to engage with or seat them-
selves upon the V shaped projections on the fixed bottom of the lamp.
The sliding or detachable bottom is thereby secured to the bottom of the
lamp case, the said sliding bottom 6 being prevented from being removed
from its place by the door of the lamp, which door when closed projects
over the edge of the sliding bottom b.
When it is required to remove the sliding bottom 6 for the purpose of
gaining access to the candle tube a or for cleaning or trimming the
lamp it is only necessary to open the lamp door, when the combined
moveable bottom and candle tube can be removed by a sliding motion.
In order to facilitate the introduction of the sliding bottom 6 into the
lamp case one or both of the sides of the lamp case at h, h, (Figure 1)
may be provided with undercut parts or guides, and the side or sides of
the moveable bottom at i (see Figure 5) may be provided with flanges,
which engage with the undercut parts or guides in the sides of the lamp
case.
We do not limit ourselves to the shape of the engaging parts of the
sliding bottom 6 and fixed bottom e of the lamp case, as the shape of
the said parts may be varied, but we have found the parts made as
described and represented to answer well in practice.
By these improvements the introduction of the candle into the candle
tube of the lamp and the trimming of the lamp can be effected outside
the lamp case, whereby the difficulty heretofore experienced of readily
placing the candle in the candle tube is removed, and great cleanliness
in the trimming of the lamp secured.

page_text: 1
We will now describe our improvements in ventilating carriage
lamps:
k is the lamp chimney made without perforations in the sides. In
the plate at the head of the chimney is a series of three rectangular
slots m, m, m, best seen in Figure 5, and in the axis of the chimney is
an inverted pyramidal depending piece n, the exit slots m being arranged.
around the sides of the base of the said pyramidal piece, as seen in
Figure 5. Over the said exit slots m is the top flange p of the chimney,
the said top flange projecting considerably beyond the said slots. As
the currents of heated air rise in the lamp they strike against the inclined
sides of the depending piece n, and are thereby deflected into the exit
slots m, by which they escape from the lamp. By this arrangement the
hot air issuing from the lamp is protected from external currents, and
the efficient ventilation of the lamp and great steadiness of the flame
are secured.
The extreme head of the chimney above the depending piece n may
be perforated to permit of the circulation of air through it to keep it
cool.
Instead of making the depending piece n by which the currents of
hot air are deflected into the exit slots of the form of an inverted
pyramid the said depending piece may be made of the form of-a
triangular prism, as represented in Figure 6, where the said triangular-
shaped depending piece is marked q.
The lamp is connected to the lamp iron in the following manner : —
At the back of the lamp case f is a tubular socket » screwed internally
with a hollow or concave screw, and on the end of the lamp iron s fixed
on the carriage is a convex screw t of a size proper to fit in the screw
in the socket r. In order to connect the lamp to the lamp iron the
screwed socket is screwed on to the screw t on the lamp iron s until
the said socket has been screwed home.
""
By then introducing a fixing
screw u through a hole in the socket into a hole in the screwed end t
of the lamp iron the unscrewing of the connecting socket is prevented.
By removing the fixing screw u the lamp may be unscrewed from the
lamp iron.
Figure 7 represents in side elevation and Figure 8 in front elevation

page_text: the inclined abutting edges of the beadings or edgings of the flanges of
the lamp chimney and other like parts of the lamp.
Figure 9 represents in elevation and Figure 10 in section the holder
of the cutting tools detached; and Figure 11 is a modification of the
said holder.
The same letters indicate the same parts in Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.
с
The tubular beadings or edgings of the lamp to the cutting or bevilling
of which this part of our Invention is particularly applicable are repre-
sented in the lamp, Figures 1 and 5, the beadings being marked k², and
the bevilled or inclined abutting edges cut by the tools, Figures 7 and 8,
are marked, the said parts being connected together by hard
soldering. a is the bolster of the press or stamp, having in it an inclined
bed in which the holder c is fixed. The said holder c supports the
tubular beading d, the ends of which are to be bevilled. The sides of
the holder dare inclined and taper, the said holder being fixed in the
bed 6 of the bolster a by a wedging action. The holder c has in its base
a trough-like depression e (see Figure 10), in which the beading dis
placed. Near the front acting end of the holder c is a fixed inclined
cutter or cutting edge f, against which the tubular beading & is cut;
and within the trough e is a plug h having the same sectional figure as
the beading to be cut or bevilled. The face of the plug is flush with
and has the same inclination as the fixed cutter or cutting edge ƒ (see
Figures 9 and 10). On placing the tubular beading d in the holder c
the end of the said beading to be bevilled is supported externally by the
trough e of the holder and internally by the plug h. i is the moveable
cutter connected to the bolt k of the stamp or press.
cutter is forked, and the middle part constitutes the acting cutting
edge. m is a guide for the moveable cutter i fixed on the bolster a.
The said moveable
It will be seen by reference to Figure 7 that the inclined cutting edgef
of the holder c and the cutting edge of the moveable cutter i are in the
same vertical plane, the part d' of the beading d to be cut being inclined
to the cutting edges and .
When the parts of the cutting tools have been arranged in the manner
represented in Figures 7 and 8 the descent of the moveable cutter i, i³,
cuts off the end of the tubular cutter against the inclined fixed
cutter, and a very smooth unpuckered bevilled edge is given to the

page_text: end of the tubular beading d. In this way both ends of the tubular
beading may be bevilled. The bevilled ends of the tubular beadings
² (Figures 1 and 5), made as described, are then ready to be connected
together by hard soldering, the smooth edge of the bevilled parts
enabling them to be very readily soldered together. The internal sup-
porting plug h of the holder c may be dispensed with. In this case the
trough in the holder in which the tubular beading is placed is covered
by a plate. This construction of holder is represented in plan in
Figure 11, the covering plate being removed. The parts of this holder
are marked with the same letters as corresponding parts of the holder
represented in Figures 9 and 10.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, wo wish it to be understood that we
do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein-before described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention; but we claim as our Invention of improvements in
the construction and manufacture of carriage lamps and in apparatus
employed in the said manufacture and in connecting carriage lamps to
lamp irons,--
First. Fixing the candle tube of the lamp to a plate or bottom, which
plate or bottom is capable by a sliding motion of being connected with
and disconnected from the bottom of the lamp case, substantially as and
for the purposes herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2,
3, and 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The construction and combination of parts herein-before
described and illustrated in Figures 1, 5, and 6 of the accompanying
Drawings for ventilating carriage lamps.
Thirdly. The construction and combination of parts herein-before
described and illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings for
connecting carriage lamps to lamp irons.
Fourthly. Connecting together the parts of the tubular beadings or
edgings of the flanges of the chimneys of carriage lamps and other like
parts of carriage lamps by hard soldering, as herein-before described.
Lastly. The construction and combination of the parts of cutting
tools or apparatus for cutting or bevilling the abutting parts of the
beadings or edgings and other like parts of carriage lamps to be.

page_text: soldered together, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated
in Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Burley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM BURLEY. (L.S.)