Improvements relating to the Oiling or Waxing of Animal Fibres or Yarns, and Mixed Animal and Vegetable Fibres or Yarns, and Fabrics Made from such Materials.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 7th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 11th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Oiling or Waxing of Animal Fibres
or Yarns, and Mixed Animal and Vegetable Fibres or Yarns, and
Fabrics Made from such Materials.
I, RUSSEL AITKEN, of 116 Piccadilly, in the County of London, Member of
the Institution of Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
It is often desired to apply to animal or to mixed animal and vegetable fibres
before or after being spun, small quantities of animal, vegetable or mineral oils to
be equally distributed throughout the same, either for the purpose of facilitating
the spinning or improving the fibres after having been spun.
Now this invention relates to a mode by which such animal or mixed animal and
vegetable fibres or fabrics made from the same, may be thoroughly and uniformly
impregnated with any animal, vegetable or mineral oil or wax which can be
dissolved in naphtha or other solvent, the amount of animal, vegetable or mineral
oil or wax being regulated by the amount of solvent used, the fibre being immersed
in the mixture. The naphtha or other solvent is then evaporated off, leaving the
material so treated effectually impregnated with the required amount of animal,
vegetable or mineral oil or wax.
For instance, old rags used in the manufacture of shoddy may be steeped in a
mixture of suitable oil or wax dissolved in naphtha or other solvent, the amount of
oil or wax being so regulated that it will not interfere with the rags being
"devilled" in the ordinary manner, whilst ensuring a longer fibre in material so
"devilled." Any excess of oil in the shoddy or other goods manufactured from
animal fibres or from a mixture of animal and vegetable fibres treated as above
described, may be removed therefrom by washing the same in naphtha or other
solvent, such surplus oil or wax being at the same time recovered.
Dated this 7th day of February 1895.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Oiling or Waxing of Animal Fibres
or Yarns, and Mixed Animal and Vegetable Fibres or Yarns, and
Fabrics Made from such Materials.
I, RUSSEL AITKEN, of 116 Piccadilly, in the County of London, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
It is often desired to apply to animal or to mixed animal and vegetable fibres,
before or after being spun, small quantities of animal, vegetable or mineral oils, to
be equally distributed throughout the same, either for the purpose of facilitating
the spinning or improving the fibres after having been spun.

page_text: Now this invention relates to a mode by which such animal or mixed animal and
vegetable fibres, or fabrics made from the same, may be thoroughly and uniformly
impregnated with any animal, vegetable or mineral oil or wax which can be
dissolved in naphtha or other solvent, the amount of animal, vegetable or mineral
oil or wax being regulated by the amount of solvent used, the fibre being immersed
in the mixture. The naphtha or other solvent is then evaporated off, leaving the
material so treated effectually impregnated with the required amount of animal,
vegetable or mineral oil or wax.
For instance, old rags used in the manufacture of shoddy may be steeped in a
mixture of suitable oil or wax dissolved in naphtha or other solvent, the amount of
oil or wax being so regulated that it will not interfere with the rags being
"devilled" in the ordinary manner, whilst ensuring a longer fibre in material so
"devilled."
Any excess of oil in the shoddy or other goods manufactured from animal fibres,
or from a mixture of animal and vegetable fibres, treated as above described, may
be removed therefrom by washing the same in naphtha or other solvent, such surplus
oil or wax being at the same time recovered.
The great object of this invention to apply oils, in such quantity as may be
required for spinning or other purposes, to animal fibres, mixed animal and vegetable
fibres, or fabrics made from such materials.
To this end I dissolve the oil in naphtha or other solvent spirit, and I dip the
fibre or fabric to be treated in this solution, and when the naphtha evaporates or is
evaporated the fibre or fabric is found to be uniformly impregnated with the
required amount of oil.
!
The process can be conducted very much as creosoting timber is now done.
There are two chambers or cylinders; in one is placed the fibre or fabric to be
treated, and in the other the oil, say one part dissolved in ten or twenty parts of
naphtha or other solvent spirit. The oil or oils and solvent are thoroughly mixed
to form a homogeneous solution and then pumped into the cylinder containing the
fibre or fabric. After saturation the surplus solution is run back into the first
cylinder and the cylinder containing the fibre or fabric is connected with a con-
denser, the solvent spirit is evaporated off and recovered, and the oil left equally
distributed throughout the fibre or fabric.
If it be desired to use oils or waxes such as are solid at ordinary temperatures,
then the cylinders must be heated by steam pipes or otherwise and the process
conducted from first to last under pressure in the cylinders.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The improved method of treating animal fibres or yarns and mixed animal
and vegetable fibres or yarns and fabrics made from such materials, substantially
as herein described and for the purpose set forth.
2. The improved method of treating animal fibres or yarns and mixed animal
and vegetable fibres or yarns and fabrics made from such materials, by
impregnating them with a solution of any desired oil or wax and evaporating off
the solvent, substantially as herein described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 7th day of November 1895.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.