IMPROVE- MENTS IN PLOUGHS to be as follows:-
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHN BARLOW of Kirkby Lathorpe, Sleaford in the County of Lincolnshire
plough manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PLOUGHS to be as follows:-
"
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in the construction of
single and double furrow ploughs, by reducing their weight, using superior
materials, and improving the form of, and modes of attaching the working
parts.
The coulter is bolted to the beam, the upper part of the coulter being suitably
formed to receive and support the forward part of the breast, to which it is
bolted The lower part of the coulter carries the plough-share. The plough-share
and the breast are curved in such a manner as to cut and raise the mould in a
gradual manner and also to turn it over and break it up more completely than
ordinary ploughs are capable of effecting.
My invention is suitable to single and double furrow ploughs: and in fitting my
improvements to double furrow ploughs I place the right hand plough forward, and
the left hand a short distance behind the same-In the frame on the right hand,
behind the forward plough I make a break in the frame which is bridged over by
a curved bar to allow the mould raised by the second plough to fall over to the
right without interruption.
The forward end of the plough is usually fitted with wheels, one large for the
furrow, and one small for running on the hard unbroken ground.
I use in the manufacture of the working parts cast steel chilled cast iron, or
wrought steel or wrought iron, according to the work which it is intended to be
put to and the nature of the soil to be cultivated.
5

page_text: I JOHN BARLOW of Kirkby Lathorpe, Sleaford in the County of Lincoln Plough
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PLOUGHS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect certain improvements in the construction
of single and double furrow ploughs, by reducing the weight, using superior
materials and improving the form and method of attaching the working parts.
In carrying out my invention I form the beam for double ploughs in such a
manner that the right hand plough is the forward one, and the after part of the
right hand beam has a break formed therein, which is bridged over by a curved
bar, and which is curved to a sufficient height to allow the mould raised by the
second (left hand) plough to fall over to the right without interruption.
The forward end of the plough is usually fitted with wheels; one large for the
furrow, and one small for running on the hard unbroken ground and a third wheel
to support the after end of the plough.
The plough is constructed so as to dispense with the ordinary coulter, the vertical
cut in the ground, (ordinarily effected by means of a coulter) being in my improved
plough effected by the plough share, which is fitted immediately in front of the
breast; and these are formed in such a manner as to cut and raise the mould in a
gradual manner, and also to turn it over and break it up more completely than
ordinary ploughs are capable of effecting.
In applying my invention to single ploughs the frame is modified for the purpose
the working parts being constructed (with slight modifications) similarly to those
of double ploughs.
In the manufacture of the working parts I use cast steel, chilled cast iron, or
wrought steel, or wrought iron, according to the nature of the soil to be cultivated
and the work intended to be done. I also arrange the bolts and nuts so that one
spanner is sufficient for all, and any part may be removed and replaced in the field
by unskilled hands.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and
áscertained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which
similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig 1 is a longitudinal elevation, shewing my improvements, as applied to a
double-furrow plough. Fig 2 is a plan of the same; and Figs: 3 to 15 are detail
views of the various parts. a is the beam, b is the break in the beam, which is
bridged over by the iron plate c-This plate is firmly bolted to the beam as shewn,
and the curve over the break allows the furrow from the left hand plough to fall
over to the right, without interruption. d is the head of the forward, right hand
plough, and d is the head of the hindermost plough, on the left hand. These heads
are bolted to the beam at or near the position where the ordinary coulter would be
placed, if used, but which coulters are unnecessary in connection with my invention.
The form of these heads is shewn in the drawings-Fig 3 is a separate side view
shewing the form of the left hand head d and Fig 4 is an end view of the same
Fig 5 in like manner shews (in elevation) the form of the right hand head d³.
Fig 3 is a section on the line 1. 2 of Fig 3 which further explains its construction.

page_text: The form of the shares e is also shown in the Drawings, Figs 1 and 2, the
upper part e rising in front of the breast, Fig 6 is a side view of the front share
and Fig 7 a plan of the same and Fig 8 is a side view of the left hand share, and
Fig 9 a plan of the same.
The breast f of each plough is formed with a graduated curve, as clearly shewn
in the drawings figs 1 and 2, and also in elevation and plan in Figs 10 and 11. By
means of this breast the earth is smoothly and gradually raised and turned over to
the right as the plough proceeds.
The head d is supported and strengthened by the strut g and the breast f is held
in position by the curved strut h.
The left hand head d¹ is also supported by the frame i and the breast f is in like
manner supported by the curved bracket h'.
The drawbar k is made adjustable by means of the moveable bolts whereby
the angle of the bar may be adjusted for deep or light plough; and the position of
the draught hook m may be adjusted as usual.
Fig 12 is a side view of the lefthand slipe n and Fig 13 is an end view of the
same and Figs 14 and 15 are similar views of the right hand slipe n¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1 The manufacture and use of double and single furrow ploughs having the
shares and breasts supported by and firmly fixed to the heads d and d' such shares
and breasts operating substantially as herein, before described and shewn on the
drawings.
2 The manufacture and use of double furrow ploughs, the beam of which is
constructed with a break b, and united by the arched plate c, substantially as
herein before described and shewn on the drawings.
3 The special form of share in combination with the special form of breast, the
use of which renders the ordinary coulter unnecessary, substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn on the drawings.
4 The general construction, arrangement, and combination of the several and
respective parts together forming my improvements in ploughs, substantially as
herein before described and shewn on the drawings.