Improved Means for Carrying Water or other Liquid Ballast or Cargo in Steam Ships and other Vessels.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 190C-Accepted, 6th Oct., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIF
Improved Means for Carrying Water or other Liquid Ballast or
Cargo in Steam Ships and other Vessels.
We, THOMAS WATERS WAILES, Naval Architect, of 23, Richmond Road, and
EORGE FREDERICK MASON, Naval Architect and Engineer, of 245, Newport Road,
oth of Cardiff, Glamorganshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
o be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to carry water or other liquid ballast or cargo
n the tween decks or high up above bottom of ship's holds in steamers or sailing
vessels, and to obtain this result, fore and aft bulkheads are carried one on each
side of the main and upper deck hatches, or main and orlap decks, or upper and
bridge decks, from the hold bulkhead forward of hatch to hold bulkhead aft of
hatch forming a trunk way to hold underneath and made in such a manner that
water or other liquids may be carried on each side to serve as ballast or cargo,
hatches are made on each side of this centre hatch for the purpose of discharging
the tween decks or tank and fitted with water tight removable doors, the hatch
for communicating with the hold below the tank can be made of any suitable
size and need not necessarily be the whole length of the trunk way. If preferred
the centre trunk way may be made any less length than the distance between
the hold bulkheads in which case a water tight fore and aft bulkhead would be
fitted at each end of trunk way and continued to the said hold bulkheads. The
hatenways for discharging the tanks or tween decks can also if preferred be made
in the centre of the ship and could also be made if required as a continuation of
the trunkway hatch. Any or either of the above arrangements can be so altered
as to include a second tween deck or bridge deck, the trunkways and hatches
being made to suit. The tanks may be emptied by valves, cocks or non return
valves through the ship's side above water line or below if necessary or can be
5 made to run into double bottom of ship and connected with them if required, the
tanks being filled by pipes connected to pumps either in engine room or placed
in any other suitable part of the ship.
000
Improved Means for Carrying Water or other
Cargo in Steam Ships and other Vessels.
We, THOMAS WATERS WAILES, Naval Architect, of 23, Richmond Road, and
FREDERICK MASON, Naval Architect and Engineer, of 245, Newport Road,

page_text: both of Cardiff, Glamorganshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide means for carrying water or other
liquid ballast or cargo in the tween decks, or high above the bottom of ships'
holds, in steamers or sailing vessels.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood, we will describe the
same by the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which:-
:-
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 2 a plan of part of a vessel showing
one method of carrying our invention into effect.
Fig. 3 is a cross section of Figs. 1 and 2, and
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are plans representing slight modifications.
In the arrangements represented at Figs. 1 to 4 a represents the sides of the
vessel, b the upper deck, e the tween deck, and d the space in the double bottom
to contain water ballast.
In carrying our invention into effect, we construct fore and aft bulkheads e e,
one on each side of the main and upper deck hatch f, from the hold bulkhead g
forward of hatch f to the hold bulkhead gaft of said hatch, thus forming a
trunk way to hold underneath.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, thwart ship bulkheads h h are
fixed at the ends of the deck hatch f between the fore and aft bulkheads e e, thus
forming tanks i at the ends of the hold hatch, whilst thwart ship bulkheads j j
are fixed between the fore and aft bulkheads e e and the sides of the vessel, thus
forming tanks kk on each side of the hold hatch f and a tank i at each end thereof.
Water-tight removable doors h¹ are fitted to the bulkheads h h to afford access
to the tanks ii when the latter are used for ordinary cargo. Access is afforded
to the tanks k k respectively by a hatch arranged partly over each pair of
tanks and at each side of the hold hatch f. The tanks i i may also be pro-
vided with hatches.
In the modification shown at Fig. 4 only two large tanks are shown, the
thwart ship bulkheads hand tanks i being dispensed with. Each of said
tanks extends from bulkhead to bulkhead g, and from a fore and aft bulk-
head e to the side of the ship. In this case water-tight removable doors e¹ can
be fitted if desired to the bulkheads e e to afford access to the tanks when the
latter are used for ordinary cargo. Access is also obtained to the tanks through
tank hatches, the whole of the tank way enclosed by bulkheads e e being open
to the lower hold.
In the modification shown at Fig. 5 the centre trunk way does not extend
beyond the limits of the hold hatch f, and instead of using two fore and aft water-
tight bulkheads e e as in the forms shown at Figs. 1 to 4, a fore and aft water-
tight bulkhead e* is fitted at each end of the hold hatch trunk way and con-
tinued to the hold bulkheads g g. Tanks are thus formed on each side of the
hatch which extend from bulkhead g to bulkhead gl and partly across the ends
of the hatch f. Access to the tanks can be obtained by means of the hatches /³
and movable water-tight doors e¹, as in the modification shown at Fig. 4, if
required.
In the modification shown at Fig. 6 the tanks * and hold hatch fare of similar
construction and arrangement to those of the modification shown at Fig. 5, but
the hatchways 2 instead of being formed separately at the sides of the hatch f
are formed in the centre of the ship as a continuation of the trunk way hatch f.
If desired the tank hatch ways shown at Figs. 2 to 5 on each side of the hold
hatch f, may be formed close to and in one construction with the hold hatch f.
The above constructions of tanks can be applied either to the main and upper
decks, the main and orlop decks, or the upper and bridge decks, and any or either
of the above arrangements can be adapted so as to include a second tween deck
or bridge deck, the trunk ways and hatches being made to suit.
The various fore and aft and transverse bulkheads forming the several tanks,

page_text: 5
e connected water-tight with the decks above and below the same, and the
nk hatches are covered with water-tight removable covers.
By the means above described water or other liquids may be carried on each
de, and if desired, at the ends, of the centre hatch, to serve as ballast or cargo.
The tanks may be filled with water by means of a ballast pump communi-
ating with a pipe connected with a chamber m, into which the pipes n con-
ected with the various tanks lead, and such chamber m is fitted with valves n¹
n and the chamber m, so
open or close the communication between such pipes
s to enable one or more of the tanks to be filled at a time. The tanks may be
mptied of their water ballast by valves, cocks or non-return valves, through the
hip's side above the water line, or below if necessary; or the water ballast can
be made to run from the tanks through pipes into the water ballast space d in
he vessel's double bottom.
The tanks can be filled with liquid cargo by means of flexible pipes led into
the various tank hatch ways.
We are aware that ships have been made with double skins to carry water
ballast, which decreases the cubic or carrying capacity of the ship. Our invention,
however, does not in any way interfere with such capacity or affect the tonnage,
as our tanks are merely good cargo space utilized for ballast.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In a ship, the combination of a hull, an upper deck, a tween deck arranged
from side to side of the hull, a hold for cargo below such tween deck, a trunk
way from the deck to the hold, and a number of tanks arranged around the
trunk way, substantially as set forth.
2. In a ship, the combination of a hull, an upper deck, a tween deck arranged
from side to side of the hull, a hold for cargo below such tween deck, a trunk
way from the deck to the hold, a number of tanks arranged around such trunk
way, and water-tight doors arranged in the sides of the trunk way, substantially
as set forth.
3. In a ship, the combination of a hull, an upper deck, a lower deck, a hold
for cargo below such lower deck, a trunk way from the upper deck to the hold,
a number of tanks arranged around the trunk way between the two decks, water-
tight doors in the sides of the trunk way, and a hatch arranged above each
tank, substantially as set forth.
4. In a ship, the combination of a hull, an upper deck, a lower deck, a trunk
way connecting the upper and lower decks, fore and aft bulkheads and thwart
bulkheads extending from the upper to the lower decks, forming tanks around
the trunk way, substantially as set forth.
5. In a ship, the combination of a hull, an upper deck, a lower deck, a trunk
way connecting the upper and lower decks, fore and aft bulkheads and thwart
bulkheads extending from the upper to the lower decks forming tanks around
the trunk way, water-tight doors arranged in the sides of the trunk-way, and
a hatch arranged above each tank, substantially as set forth.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents.