Improvements in or connected with Steam Pumps for Supplying Water for Steam Generators and for other purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1892-Accepted, 13th Aug.,
1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Steam Pumps for Supplying
Water for Steam Generators and for other purposes.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has
been communicated to me from abroad by Julien Belleville of St. Denis in the
Republic of France Engineer) and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The improvements forming the object of this invention relate to steam feed
pumps for supplying water to steam generators and for other purposes and the
principal features of the said improvements are:-
1. A novel arrangement of the parts where the steam from the steam cylinder of
the pump is condensed which enables a rapid circulation of water to be obtained
between the condenser and the pump in the suction pipe and suction chamber of the
pump. This circulation ensures the condensation of the steam immediately on its
discharge from the cylinder and before the action of the pump has had time to
produce the circulation of the water in the water chamber. By these means the
steam feed pump is enabled to act with great regularity and its exhaust steam is
condensed. Local or partial heating of the pump cylinder is obviated as well as
the increase of counter or back pressure in the steam cylinder which especially
when working at slow speed is liable to interfere with the regular working of steam
feed pumps such as those of the Belleville type combined with condensing arrange-
ments.
2. A novel arrangement of the injecting tube or nozzle of the ejector condenser
which by dividing the steam jet has the effect of multiplying or increasing the
points of contact between the water and the steam and producing a more rapid
condensation with the smallest possible expenditure of water.
3. In the construction of the piston for the pumping cylinder.
(1) The employment of highly hardened split packing rings of india rubber
formed in the same way as the junk rings of a steam engine piston. These
rings are made of considerable thickness in order that their resistance or
stiffness may approach as nearly as possible that of a metal ring and also in
order that they may retain their cylindrical shape at all parts of their
circumference.
(2) An arrangement for facilitating the operation of placing thick packing
segments or rings in position in the piston.
The packing rings being composed entirely of highly hardened india rubber or
caoutchouc are not affected by the high temperature of water such as is sometimes
employed either for supplying steam generators or for other manufacturing
purposes. They are moreover extremely durable and work with very little friction.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in side elevation partly in
section a steam feed pump constructed according to this invention.
Figure 2 represents the pump in end elevation partly in section on the line X--X
Figure 1 in order to show the connection between the suction chamber of the pump
and the pipes leading to the ejector condenser hereinafter described.
Figure 3 drawn to a larger scale is a detail illustrating in section on the
line Y-Y Figure 1 the arrangement of the orifices in the steam pipe or nozzle of
the said ejector condenser.
Figure 4 illustrates the piston of the pumping cylinder in section showing the

page_text: arrangement of the rings or segments of highly hardened india rubber or caoutchouc
and Figure 5 illustrates one of these rings in elevation.
In these drawings A is the steam cylinder B is the framing and C the pump
barrel or water cylinder. D is the ejector condenser illustrated in section in
Figure 1 and provided with a nozzle d formed with a number of orifices (Fig. 3) for
the purpose of dividing the jet of steam and obtaining a more rapid and complete
condensation of the steam by augmenting the number of surfaces of contact between
the water and the steam and facilitating the flow of water around the orifices. The
suction chamber of the pump or water cylinder is illustrated in section at E
Figure 2 and is connected through a suction pipe e with the condensing apparatus D.
A pipe el connects the condensing apparatus with the suction chamber of the pump
in advance of the nozzle d as indicated in Figure 1.
It is known that the actual exhaust or discharge from a steam cylinder is
limited to the first part of the return stroke of the piston. It results that in the
case of steam feed pumps such as those of the Belleville type working with
condensation the water that is drawn in during more than the second half of each
stroke of the piston has but very little steam to condense and is consequently of a
low temperature. When (in the improved arrangement) the slide valve changes
the distribution of steam and before the piston of the water cylinder C has had
time to draw water effectually from the feed chamber and produce a circulating
movement in the pipes the steam escaping from the cylinder rushes into the ejector
condenser D and tends to drive forward the water contained in the suction pipe e at
the same time producing an exhausting action on the water contained in the
circulating pipe e'. It results that the water in these two pipes is set in rapid
motion, the water supplied by the circulating pipe e¹ being successively brought
into contact with and condensing the steam escaping from the cylinder even before
the action of the water piston has had time to draw any considerable quantity of
fresh water into the ejector condenser.
This new method of working the condenser enables the steam feed pump to work
without irregularity (when the feed regulating apparatus of the generators are
momentarily closed) by utilizing for the condensation of the steam escaping, from
the cylinder the water contained in the circuit comprised between the nozzle d and
the extremity of the circulating pipe e'.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the construction of the piston H made in three parts
two of which (K) are attached to the piston rod the third (K2) being in the form
of a ring pressed between the two first parts the piston being attached to the rod by
two nuts screwed on to the end of the rod. The piston is provided with two
packing rings K composed entirely of hardened india rubber or caoutchouc. The
diameter and thickness of these rings correspond with the diameter of the pump
cylinder and are regulated according to the same rules as metal packing rings.
These rings are cut at the ends so as to overlap as represented in Figure 5 and are
fitted into the pump cylinder with as little play or space as possible in the
adjustment of the ends being adjusted to fit closely between the metal discs or
cheeks of the piston.
In order to place the rings in position the piston is moved to the end of the
pump cylinder the nuts on the rod are unscrewed and the outer disc and central
ring K2 are removed. One packing ring K is then placed in position the.central or
intermediate ring K2 is then put on after which the second ring is placed in position
and the whole secured by means of the outer disc which is fixed by screwing up the
nuts and locking the latter by means of a pin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed' I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of pipes or connections for obtaining an active circulation of
water between the condenser and the pump substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 1
5

page_text: 2. The arrangement of the injector nozzle having the effect of increasing the
number of points of contact between the water and the steam with the employment
of a relatively small volume of water by dividing the steam jet substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. The arrangement and construction of the water piston and its packing enabling
it to be employed for pumping water at high temperatures for any purpose
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the
accompanying drawings.
ሰሰ
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.