IMPROVEMENTS IN LATCHING THE BARRELS AND KEYS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES AND IN THE MECHANISM OF LOCKS AND LATCHES, PART OF SUCH LATTER IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES SUCH FOR INSTANCE AS TO SASH FASTENERS AND COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bolton, locksmith in the employment of Messieurs
Young and Glover of Wolverhampton in the county of Stafford hardware
merchants and lock manufacturers for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LATCHING
THE BARRELS AND KEYS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES AND IN THE
MECHANISM OF LOCKS AND LATCHES, PART OF SUCH LATTER IMPROVEMENTS
BEING APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES SUCH FOR INSTANCE AS TO
SASH FASTENERS AND COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION-left by the said George Bolton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1882.
GEORGE BOLTON, locksmith in the employment of Messieurs Young and Glover
of Wolverhampton in the county of Stafford, hardware merchants aud lock nianu-
facturers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BARRELS AND KEYS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES
AND IN THE LATCHING MECHANISM OF LOCKS AND LATCHES, PART OF SUCH LATTER
IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES SUCH, FOR INSTANCE,
AS TO SASH FASTENERS AND COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES.
>>
My invention as it relates to the barrels and keys of locks and latches consists
in forming the barrel with a groove down each side of it in line with the key hole
and with a solid part down the centre, instead of the usual pin hole down the
centre with a single groove therefrom to one side; and in forming the key with a
flat bit without the usual cylindrical part or pin and with a slot up the bit of the
key corresponding to the solid part down the centre of the barrel.
The solid. part
down the centre of the barrel is cut away for a short distance at the end so as to
allow for proper strength of metal at the inner end of the slot in the key. This
form of barrel constitutes an additional security against the use of pick-lock keys.
My improvements in the latching mechanism of locks and latches consist, firstly,
of an arrangement of partially revolving latch bolt-head (hereinafter referred to
simply as the "bolt-bead ") acting automatically as the door is opened and closed
the said bolt-head being held with sufficient firmness in its striking position and

page_text: rigidly in its latched position by means of a detached bolt-tail; secondly, of an
arrangement of one horned follower and crank to correspond for drawing back the
ordinary latch bolt or the detached bolt-tail, aforesaid, when such is used; thirdly,
of an arrangement of double eccentric follower and crank to correspond for drawing
back the ordinary latch-bolt or the detached bolt-tail, aforesaid, when such is used;
and, fourthly, of a simple arrangement of follower and "back follower" with the
fulcrum of the latter between the follower and latch-bolt, for drawing back the
ordinary latch-bolt or the detached bolt-tail, aforesaid, when such is used.
The arrangement of partly revolving bolt-head and detached bolt-tail is described
as follows: The bolt-head is cylindrical (with certain deviations from such shape
hereinafter described) and is capable of partially revolving. in a plane at right
angles to the plane of the lock or latch. The bolt-head is carried on a pin turning
in small snugs or centres projecting backwards from the fore-plate into the case.
A right-angular piece is cut away down the whole face of the bolt-head at the side
projecting through the fore-plate, thus leaving two faces at right-angles to one
another and in planes parallel with the axis of the bolt-head. When the lock or
latch is latched one of these faces stands out against the inside of the striking plate
or staple and the detached bolt-tail is pressed forwards (by means of an ordinary
spring acting through the crank) with its front end (formed specially therefor)
within a groove or niche in the back of the bolt-head, and, thus securely prevents
the bolt-head from turning and latching until the bolt-tail is drawn back by means
of the knob or by means of the key as, for instance, in the case of a night latch.
When the bolt-tail is drawn back out of the niche, aforesaid, the door (or other
part to which the lock or latch is fixed) may be opened, the bolt-head turning as
this is done until the other or striking face stands out from the fore-plate, at which
point a shoulder, formed by cutting away some of the metal at the back of the
bolt-head, comes against the back of the lock case or other stop, and prevents the
bolt-head turning further in the same direction; when the bolt-head is in this
striking position the bolt-tail is pressed forwards by means of the spring, as
before, with its front end in a shallow curved-in part at the back of the bolt-tail
shaped so as to hold the bolt-head with sufficient firmness to prevent its being
turned accidentally and yet permitting of its releasing itself readily from the bolt-
tail as it strikes in closing. The bolt-head turns as it strikes in closing and brings
the other face into position again, at which point a second shoulder at the back of
the bolt-head comes against the back of the case or other stop, and the front end
of the bolt-tail enters the niche at the back of the bolt-head as before. The bolt-
head may be arranged to turn in a plane parallel with that of the lock or latch
case, instead of in a plane at right-angles thereto, in which case the projecting
faces are bevilled off so as to be actuated by the striker in opening and closing the
door or other part to which the lock or latch is fixed.
The arrangement of one borned follower and crank to correspond. is described
as follows: When the latch-bolt, or detached latch-bolt tail, is in its forward
position, the single horn of the follower is parallel therewith and a stump thereon
stands up within a slot in the crank. The crank slot is formed of two slots joining
one another at an obtuse angle at the point where the stump on the follower horn
stands up when the latch-bolt, or detached latch-bolt tail, is in its forward position,
and inclining away from the follower towards the front side of the lock or latch.
As the knob is turned the stump on the follower horn slides along one of the
inclined slots (the slot along which it slides depending on the direction in which
the knob is turned) and thus moves back the crank, and consequently the latch-
bolt, or detached latch-bolt tail also. The arrangement of double eccentric follower
and crank to correspond is described as follows; One arm of the crank is connected
in the ordinary manner with the tail of the latch-bolt. The other arm is formed
with a sharp convex curve on the side which is acted upon by the follower. When
the latch-bolt tail is in its forward position the fullest part of the convex curve on
the crank arm is against the body of the follower. The two horns of the follower
follow round the convex curve of the crank arm for a short distance one on each

page_text: side when the curve of each horn is quickened round forming curved ends to the
horns. One or other of the follower horns thus act direct upon the curved arm of
the crank to draw back the latch-bolt, or detached latch-bolt tail, aforesaid,
according to which direction the handle is turned, the curved shape of the parts
giving an easy and even action to the mechanism.
The arrangement of follower and back follower with the fulcrum of the latter
between the follower and the latch-bolt is described as follows:-The fulcrum of
the back follower is at or near its centre. One end of the back follower is con-
nected with the latch-bolt tail in the ordinary way. The follower is placed at the
back of the back follower and on the opposite side of the fulcrum to that on which
the latch-bolt is placed. The follower has one short horn on its side nearer the
fulcrum of the back follower and a long horn on the other side so as to equalise
the leverage for the turning of the handle in either direction.
The arrangement of partly revolving bolt-head and detached bolt-tail materially
reduces the shocks to which locks and latches are exposed in slamming doors and
other parts fitted with locks and latches.
The arrangement of one horned follower and crank, as also the arrangement of
double-eccentric follower and crank, and the arrangement of follower and back
follower having the fulcrum of the latter between the follower and the latch-bolt
tail, all as before described, render much easier the turning of the knob, and cause
far less wear and tear than when the ordinary description of follower and crank
or back-follower are employed.
The arrangement of partly revolving bolt-head is applicable to other purposes
also, besides locks and latches generally, such, for instance, as to sash fasteners and
couplings for railway carriages. When applied in the case of sash fasteners and
couplings for railway carriages a part corresponding to the striking plate or staple,
aforesaid, is carried on one sash or one half of a railway coupling, and a partly
revolving bolt-head is carried in a suitable frame or the other sash or half of the
railway coupling, the one sliding over or past the other to become fastened. A
lever or other suitable mechanical arrangement may take the place of the detached
bolt-tail used for a lock or latch
By this arrangement window sashes may be fastened automatically as they are
closed, and railway carriages coupled automatically as they are brought in contact.
The lever or other mechanism for uncoupling railway carriages coupled according
to this invention is operated from one or either side of the carriage thus avoiding
the danger occasioned by having to stand between the carriages as in the ordinary
method of coupling and uncoupling such carriages.
The partly revolving bolt-head arrangement is applicable also to analogous
purposes to those mentioned.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Bolton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th November 1882.
GEORGE BOLTON, locksmith in the employment of Messieurs Young and Glover
of Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford hardware merchants and lock manu-
facturers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BARRELS AND KEYS OF LOCKS AND LATCHES
AND IN THE LATCHING MECHANISM OF LOCKS AND LATCHES, PART OF SUCH LATTER
IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER PURPOSES SUCH, FOR INSTANCE,
AS TO SASH FASTENERS AND COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGES
"
My invention as it relates to the barrels and keys of locks and latches is
illustrated by figures 1, 2 and 3, of which figure 1 is an elevation of a barrel as
applied to an ordinary door lock, figure 2 is a plan or end view of figure 1 and
figure 3 is a side elevation of the key bit shewing the lower part of the shank.
The barrel consists of two sides spaced apart as shewn at a but joined together
in the centre by the part b. The key bit is formed flat and has a slot c formed up
into it corresponding to the solid part b at the centre of the barrel.
When the barrel is intended for use in a lock or latch into which the key is
inserted from one side only, the part 6 may be continued to the opposite end of
the barrel from that on which the key is inserted. A flat part is formed on
the barrel at d against which a lever or tumbler bears so as to keep the barrel in
its proper position when the key is withdrawn. This form of barrel constitutes
an additional security against the use of pick-lock keys.
My improvements in the latching mechanism of locks and latches consist, firstly,
of an arrangement of partially revolving latch-bolt head (hereinafter referred to
simply as the "bolt-head") acting automatically as the door, or other object to
which the lock or latch is fixed, is opened and closed, the said bolt-head being held
with sufficient firmness in its striking position, and rigidly in its latched position,
by means of a detached bolt-tail; secondly of an arrangement of one horned
follower and crank to correspond, for drawing back the ordinary latch-bolt, or the
detached bolt-tail, aforesaid, when such is used; thirdly, of an arrangement of
double eccentric follower and crank to correspond for drawing back the ordinary
Intch bolt, or the detached bolt-tail aforesaid, when such is used; and, fourthly,
of a simple arrangement of follower and "back-follower," with the fulcrum of the
latter between the follower and the latch-bolt tail, for drawing back the ordinary
latch-bolt, or the detached bolt-tail aforesaid, when such is used.
The arrangement of partly revolving bolt-head and detached bolt-tail is illustrated
by figures 4, 5 and 6 as applied to the latching mechanism of a mortise lock, by
figures 7 and 7a as applied to a drawer or till lock which thus becomes a latching
lock, and by figures 8 and 9 as applied to a padlock forming this also as a latching
lock. After describing these three applications, further applications to the latching
mechanism of other locks and latches will be readily understood without need for
description.
Figure 4 is an elevation of part of the interior of a mortise lock, shewing also
the striking plate in section, and illustrates only the latching mechanism in its
position due to the door being closed. Figure 5 is a section taken immediately
above the bolt-head and. bolt-tail. Figure 6 corresponds to figure 5, but only the
bolt-bead and forward part of the bolt-tail and the striking plate are shewn and
these are in position due to the door being open. A is the partially revolving bolt-
head and B the forward part of the detached bolt-tail. The bolt-head A is carried
between snugs fƒ fixed to or solid with the fore-plate of the lock, and turns upon

page_text: a pin g. When the door is closed and the mechanism is therefor in the position.
shewn by figures 4 and 5, a face h stands out against a bar a", formed back at
right angles to the striking plate, and prevents the door from being pushed open
till the bolt tail is drawn back by means of the ordinary handle (or in the case of
a latch, by means of a key). The front end of the bolt-tail is shaped as shewn at j
and enters within a recess at the back of the bolt-head so as to effectually prevent
it turning in the direction it would need to turn if the door were opened. When
the bolt-tail is drawn back and the door pushed as in opening it, the face h is
pressed by the bar a" on the striking-plate and thus the bolt-head is turned into
the position shewn by figure 6 with the face k projecting on the other side of the
bar a as shewn. The end j of the bolt tail then enters another recess at the back
of the bolt-head shaped so that the bolt-tail holds the bolt-head with sufficient
firmness from turning accidentally whilst the door is open. A considerable lead is
given on one side of the part j and also on the corresponding side of the recess in
the bolt-head to allow the bolt-head to push back the bolt-tail out of the recess as
the bolt-head is turned by the face k coming in contact with the bar a¹ of the
staple as the door is closed. When the door is closed, the bolt-head and bolt-tail
are again in the position shewn by figures 4, and 5. The part j is shaped with a
slight lead on the side which bears against the straight side (that is the side
parallel with the lock) of the recess to hold the bolt-head in its latched position.
The lead on either side of the part j enables the part j to move the bolt-head
slightly in either of its positions and so enter the proper recess in case the pressure
of the striking-plate does not rotate the bolt-head quite enough. The part
the bolt-head is shaped with an eccentric curve as shewn to give additional lead
to the part j for moving the bolt-head into its latched position. Shoulders-lon
the bolt-head coming respectively in contact with a corner of the lock case as
shewn fix the extreme position of the bolt-head in either direction of its axial
movement. The detached bolt-tail B may be guided and actuated by the usual
or any convenient means by which it can be drawn back at will and be pressed
forwards by a spring or other means when released. The bar all of the striking-
plate answers in place of the ordinary flap, but it is placed backwards from the
face of the door instead of flush therewith as usual on the ordinary striking plate.
Returned ends b b are preferably formed to the bar all as shewn to give additional
strength thereto. The front edge of the bar a¹¹ is brought off to a point in section
by slanting off the sides as shewn so as to allow clearance for the turning of the
bolt-head A. The bolt-head may be arranged to turn in a plane parallel with
that of the lock or latch case, instead of in a plane at right-angles thereto, in
which case the projecting faces must be bevilled off so as to be actuated by the
striker in opening and closing the door or other part to which the lock or latch is
fixed.
on
The arrangement of partially revolving bolt-head and detached bolt-tail materially
reduces the shocks to which locks and latches are exposed in slamming doors and
other parts fitted with locks, and latches.
Figure 7 is an interior view of a drawer or till lock and figure 7ª a section of
the upper part of the lock taken on the side of the bolt-head on which the letter E
occurs. The part C acts in lieu of the bolt-tail illustrated by figures 4 and 5.
It is capable of turning upon a fulcrum pin m. The nose n is pressed up into the
recessed parts of the partially revolving bolt-head by means of the spring o and
is drawn down therefrom by means of a key, acting against the part p. D is the
bolt-bead, which is constructed and operates substantially as the bolt-head A
shewn by figures 4 and 5. The nose n of the bolt-tail C is shaped in cross-section
and operates substantially as the nosej shewn at figure 5. The bolt-head D is
carried in a block E fixed to the case by means of a screw through the snug F.
The bolt-head is shewn in its latched position resulting from the closing of the
drawer or till. The stop in one direction to the rotation of the bolt head is shewn
A stop in the other direction is formed by the shoulder 8, but as a rule
the bolt-head is caught by the nose n entering the recess adjoining the shoulder 8.
at r.

page_text: Figures 8 and 9 are interior views of a padlock, shewing the partially revolving
bolt-head and other parts of the mechanism respectively in their latched and
unlatched positions. G is the partially, revolving bolt-head and H the part corre-
sponding to the detached bolt-tail shewn by figures 4 and 5. When the padlock is
fastened a projection t on the bolt-head is within the slot of the shackle, and the
nose of the bolt-tail lying within a corresponding recess in the bolt-head, the
bearing side of which is at right angles to a line drawn therefrom to the fulcrum
of the bolt-tail, securely prevents the bolt head from turning. When the nose v
is moved out of the recess on the bolt-tail, the shackle may be opened, turning
the bolt-head sufficiently for the nose v to bear against the eccentric curve w and
thus press the bolt-head further round into the position shewn at figure 9. The
bolt-head is thus prevented from turning accidentally, but may be turned when
pressure is used to close in the shackle, the eccentric curve w pushing back the
bolt tail as this is done. The padlock is fastened by pushing in the shackle, the
nose of which bearing upon a face of the bolt-head as shewn by figure 9 turns the
bolt head again into the position shewn by figure 8. The bolt tail H turns on a
fulcrum pin y, is pressed up by the spring z and is moved back to unlock the
shackle by means of a key acting through the medium of levers of the ordinary
construction and the sliding bolt shewn by dotted lines only figure 8. a' is the
stump on the underside of the sliding bolt and conveys the movement of the
sliding bolt to the bolt tail H. 6' is a guard for the security of the lock. The
levers are omitted for the sake of simplicity in the drawing. Their construction
will however be readily understood. A stop is formed in either direction to the
rotation of the bolt-head by shoulders coming in contact with the stud c² as
shewn.
The arrangement of one horned follower and crank to correspond is illustrated
by figure 10. A¹ is the single horn of the follower B¹. C is the crank to correspond.
D¹ is an opening through the crank and d¹ d' are sides thereof inclined to one
another at an obtuse angle as shewn. e¹¹ (shewn by dotted lines only) is a stump
on the horn A¹ and projects down into the opening D¹ as shewn. As the follower
is turned the stump ell moves along one of the inclined sides d' and thus draws
back the crank and (through the medium of the stud f") the latch bolt tail also.
The lower side d' is more inclined than the upper side so as to compensate for the
increased leverage.
The arrangement of double eccentric follower and crank to correspond is illus-
trated according to three different arrangements of latching mechanism by
figures 11, 12 and 13. In each figure E' is the follower and F¹ the crank. Each
follower has a double eccentric e¹ e² (forming the horns) the inner sides of which
make together a concave curve. One arm of the crank F' is connected as shewn
or in any convenient manner with the tail of the latch bolt, and the other arm is
formed with a convex curve on the side which is acted upon by the follower, this
latter curve fitting within the concave curve formed by the double eccentric e¹ e¹
when the latch bolt tail is in its forward position. The ends of the double
eccentric e¹ e' are curved as shewn. One or other of the follower horns thus act
direct upon the curved arm of the crank to draw back the latch-bolt (or detached
latch bolt tail aforesaid) according to which direction the handle is turned, the
curved shape of the parts giving an easy and even action to the mechanism. In
figures 11 and 12 the part G is a tumbler or lever belonging to the locking
mechanism as will be readily understood.
The arrangement of follower and back follower with the fulcrum of the latter
between the follower and the latch bolt tail is illustrated by figure 14. H¹ is the
follower, I¹ the back follower, K¹ the fulcrum of the back follower, L' the stump
connecting the back follower with the latch bolt tail and M' the spring. The
horn h¹ of the follower H' is longer than the horn g' to compensate for the increased
leverage.
The arrangement of one horned follower and crank, as also the arrangement of
double eccentric follower and crank, and the arrangement of follower and back

page_text: follower having the fulcrum of the latter between the follower and the latch bolt
tail, all as described and, illustrated, render much easier the turning of the knob,
and cause far less wear, and tear than when the ordinary description of follower
and crank or back follower are employed.
The arrangement of partially revolving bolt-head, besides being applicable to
locks and latches generally, is generally applicable to other purposes also where two
parts are desired to be fastened together as they come in contact, such, for instance,
as to sash fasteners and couplings for railway carriages.
A modification shewing the application of this part of my invention as applied
to a sash fastener is illustrated by figures 15, 16 and 17, of which figure 15 is a
plan shewing the parts in their fastened position, figure 16 a section taken on line
ax of figure 15, and figure 17 a corresponding view to that shewn by figure 16
but with the parts in their unfastened position. In figure 17 also only those parts
are shewn which are necessary to a clear understanding of the invention. N¹ is
an ordinary plate on one meeting bar, and O¹ an ordinary plate on the other
meeting bar. P¹ is an ordinary sash fastener arm except that it has an opening Q¹
formed therethrough as shewn. R' is a box containing a revolving bolt-head S¹
and a lever T¹. Very little description will be necessary in the face of the
description already given with reference to the padlock. The arm P¹ is held in its
fastened position by means of a projection on the bolt-head S¹ entering the
opening Q through the arm. The bolt-head S' and lever T¹ are constructed and
operate substantially as the bolt-head G and lever H shewn at figures 8 and 9.
To unfasten the sash fastener the lever T¹ is pressed back by means of the upper
part U or the knob V¹. The ordinary spring X¹ then immediately presses back
the arm P¹, the latter turning the bolt-head backwards. The arm may then be
further removed back by hand into the position shewn by dotted lines figure 15;
or the spring X¹ and back end of the arm P' may be arranged as is frequently done
with the ordinary sash fasteners so that the spring X will move the arm entirely
back when released. In figure 17 the arm P¹ is shewn about to act upon the bolt-
head S¹ in closing the fastener.
A sash fastener may also be constructed to fasten automatically, as the sashes are
closed, by fixing a revolving head similar to A figures 4 and 5 with a lever similar
to T figures 15 and 16 on the lower sash, and a striking bar similar to all figures 4
and 5 on the upper sash to actuate the head and be locked therein substantially in
the manner in which the striking bar a¹ of figures 4 and 5 is engaged with the
revolving bolt-head A. This arrangement however is not so convenient as the
one illustrated for a sash fastener, as from various causes sashes are liable to get out
of order and not close with the exactness desirable.
The application of my partially revolving bolt-head to the purpose of a railway
coupling is illustrated by the drawings on sheet 2-Figure 19 is a longitudinal
section through a coupling applied to an ordinary railway wagon and shews the
wagons to be uncoupled. Figure 20 is a plan of figure 19 and shews a coupling
arranged on each side of the centre line of the wagons. Figure 18 is a corresponding
view to that shewn at figure 19 but shews the wagons coupled together. In
figure 18 some parts of the apparatus shewn at figure 19 are omitted for the sake
of simplicity. A A are the wagon buffers and B B the ends of the wagons. CC are
the striking couplings and D D strikers on the ends thereof. E E are the opposite
couplings, carrying the partially revolving heads F F. In figure 18 the striker D
is shewn behind a projecting face G of the head F, and the head is prevented from
turning and releasing the striker by the thrust piece H which presses against the
eccentric curve I below the centre of the head F as shewn. The thrust piece H is
capable of turning upon a pin K, and terminates behind the pin K in a lever L
connected by means of the rod M with a short lever N upon a rocking shaft O, to
which is connected a handle P, one at each end thereof over the buffer of the
wagon. The rocking shaft is omitted from the plan for the sake of simplicity.
When it is desired to uncouple the wagons, one of the handles P is depressed as
shewn in figure 19, the thrust piece His thus drawn down and the side G of the

page_text: head F being heavier than the side I immediately causes the head to turn into the
position shwen at figure 19 when it is stopped by the ledge Q. The levers N L
and the rod M together overbalance the thrust piece H which therefor rises
continually against the head F when the bandle P is released. When the parts
are in the position shewn by figure 19 the front end of the thrust piece H bears
within a recess R so as to keep the head from being turned accidentally, but the
parts are so shaped and in such position as shewn that when the striker D pushes
against the part S the head F may be readily turned into the position shewn at
figure 18 and the wagons thus become coupled. The shoulder near the recess R of
the head S coming in contact with the ledge Q prevents the head from being turned
too far when moved by the striker D. It will be seen that the striker D may
travel considerably beyond the centre of the head F to allow for the compression
of spring buffers. In figure 18 the coupling is shewn drawing, and the buffers not
being spring buffets are consequently slightly apart. A. pair of couplings are shewn
on each side of the centre line on plan (figure 20) the strikers being on opposite
trucks as shewn to allow for either of the trucks being turned end for end. The
strikers are shewn curved on plan and each face G of a head F is convex curved
looking at the top when in position as in figure 18, to allow for running round a
curve. The couplings lie in guide frames as shewn at their back ends, but pull
direct from draw-bars T T as shown. Each striking coupling C is hinged to its
draw-bar head as shewn, figure 19, and is supported by gussets U. When the
couplings are desired to be out of action altogether, each striking coupling is raised
up into position as shown by dotted lines figure 19 by means of a rocking shaft V
having a cranked part W and a handle ✗ one at each side of the wagon. The
rocking shaft V is shewn in its raised position, figure 20, to make the illustration
clearer, though the striking coupling is shewn to be in its horizontal position.
The means by which the handle X is held back when the striking coupling is
raised is shewn in plan by figure 20, and in elevation by figure 21. a is a lever
turning on a pin 6 at the end of the wagon and having a short arm c extending
beyond the pin b. When the handle X is not raised up, the lever a is in the
position shewn by dotted lines and rests on a pin d. When the handle X is raised
up, the lever a is turned in front of the handle into the position shewn by full lines
and rests on the pine: A rocking shaft V is of course provided at each end of
cach wagon. The ends of the couplings E E are rounded as shewn at Y, and if
by any chance a striker D strikes against an end Y, or bears too heavily upon
the part of a head F, it will rise slightly and relieve itself.
By this arrangement of railway coupling the carriages are coupled automatically
as they are brought together and are uncoupled from the side, thus avoiding the
danger occasioned by having to stand between the carriages as in the ordinary
method of coupling and uncoupling.
Having thus stated the nature of my said invention, and particularly described
and ascertained the manner of performing the same, I declare that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and shewn by the drawings, but
what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by the herein-before in-part-
recited Letters Patent is :-
:-
First Forming the barrel for a lock or latch with a central part b and space a
between the sides of the barrel in combination with the key-bit formed flat
throughout with a slot c therein central with the shank substantially as and for the
purpose herein described and illustrated by figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
Second-The partially revolving latch bolt-head, and detached latch bolt tail or
equivalent constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose herein
described and illustrated by figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying
drawings.
Third: The one horned follower and crank to correspond, constructed and
operating substantially as and for the purpose herein described and illustrated by
figure 10 of the accompanying drawings,

page_text: Fourth-The arrangement of double eccentric follower and crank, the crank
having a convex curved part to correspond with a concave curve of the follower,
constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose herein described and
illustrated by figures 11, 12, and 13 of the accompanying drawings.
Fifth: The arrangement of follower and back follower having the fulcrum of
the latter between the follower and the latch bolt tail substantially as herein
described and illustrated by figure 14 of the accompanying drawings.
Sixth-The sash fastener operating with the partly revolving bolt head S¹ and
controlling the lever T', substantially as herein described and illustrated by
figures 15, 16 and 17 of the accompanying drawings.
Seventh-The railway coupling having a partially revolving head F actuated
by the striker D to effect the automatic coupling of the carriages, constructed and
operating substantially as herein described and illustrated by the figures on
sheet of the accompanying drawings.
Eighth-The application of the partially revolving bolt-head and detached bolt-
tail or equivalent, constructed and operating substantially as herein described and
illustrated according to various modifications, for purposes generally where two
parts are desired to be fastened together as they meet or come in contact or are
brought together.
In witness whereof I, the said George Bolton have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twentieth day of November in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness:-
JOHN THOM,
Clerk to Stephen Watkins,
Assoc. M. Inst C. E.
Office for Patents,
Wolverhampton.
GEORGE BOLTON (L.S.)