IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHING, AND IN TELEGRAPHIC APPARATUS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th November 1858.-A communication.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHING, AND IN TELEGRAPHIC
APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
Various plans have been devised for using electricity of high tension for
telegraphing, such as frictional electricity in connection with the Leyden jar, or
the bydro-electric machine, and electricity induced by the action of a permanent
magnet. But a serious difficulty in the way of using frictional electricity is
its liability to be variously affected by the changes of the atmosphere; and the
inconvenience of electricity induced by the permanent magnet is the difficulty
of generating a sufficient amount to answer all the demands of successful.
telegraphing.
The object of the present Invention is to overcome both of these classes of:
difficulties by adopting an arrangement that shall not be susceptible to the
changes of the weather, and that shall generate an amount of inductive:
electricity that shall answer all demands.
The apparatus consists of an ordinary galvanic battery, using either one or
more acids, a large inductive apparatus or coil constructed on the principle of:
Ritchie's or Ruhmkorff's inductive apparatus, and a simple arrangement for.
recording the signals. This arrangement consists of two metallic points

page_text: approaching but not meeting each other, on opposite sides of a strip of paper
on which the signals are to be recorded. The paper is to be divided into equal
spaces by lines, and to be moved between the metallic points by clockwork, so
geared as to move the paper forward the distance of one space at each beat
or tick of the clock and no more, and a single wire, either insulated or not, as
the case may require, to convey the electricity.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-The battery when in working
order is put in connection with the primary coil of the inductive apparatus,
which induces a very powerful current of electricity in the outer or secondary
coil of the inductive apparatus. This secondary coil terminates in two poles
or points, one of which is connected with the earth, and the other with the
line of telegraphic wire. When a signal is to be given, the connection is to be
made or broken by pressing down a key, when a current or discharge of
electricity is made along the telegraphic wire, and across the two metal points
and through the strips of paper, making a small hole, which is a recorded signal.
As often as the key is pressed down and released signals are passed and
paper
is
recorded with great rapidity, accuracy, and distinctness. The strip of
to be ruled with lines properly spaced, and the alphabet is to be represented
by the manner in which these holes or dots are spaced, and the spacing is to
be regulated by the beats or ticks of the clockwork. The points are carefully
insulated and placed in connection with the telegraphic wire.