IMPROVEMENTS IN ALPHABETICAL ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS.
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Stanislaus Joseph Paris, of the City of Manchester,
Engineer, and William Bate, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Telegraph Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ALPHABETICAL
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS.'
Engineer, and William Bate, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Telegraph Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ALPHABETICAL
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stanislaus Joseph Paris
and William Bate, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 21st August 1862.
We, STANISLAUS JOSEPH PARIS, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, and
WILLIAM BATE, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Telegraph Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ALPHABETICAL ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists of improvements in the construction of alphabetical
telegraph instruments known as communicators and indicators, and in the
alarum for the same.
The communicator is constructed so as to be self-acting, or it may be
worked by manual labor. The currents of electricity are transmitted by
means of a make-and-break wheel, with pins or teeth acting alternately on
cams or rollers. When the communicator is self-acting, the power is derived
from a spring or weight acting on a train of wheels, as in clock work of the
ordinary construction. On depressing the key at zero, a self-acting spring

page_text: keeps it depressed to arrest the pointer, and retain it in that position until
again required for use. The indicator consists of a dial, the finger of which
is fixed upon the front pivot of an arbor, on which is fixed an escape wheel,
into which two pins properly adjusted on an arm are made to work, by means
of a permanent magnet working between horns of soft iron fixed to coils
forming electro-magnets. The escape wheel is held after each movement by a
spring. The alarum is made with a short train of wheels and an escapement,
or a revolving hammer, to be released when a current of electricity passes
through a pair of electric coils.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Stanislaus Joseph
Paris and William Bate in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, STANISLAUS
JOSEPH PARIS, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, and WILLIAM BATE, of
Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Telegraph Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Stanislaus Joseph Paris and William Bate, Her special licence that we,
the said Stanislaus Joseph Paris and William Bate, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Stanislaus Joseph Paris
and William Bate, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ALPHABETICAL ELECTRIC TELEGRAPHS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Stanislaus Joseph Paris and William Bate, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of
our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within seven calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Stanislaus Joseph Paris and William
Bate, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
Our said Invention consists of improvements in the construction of alpha-
betical telegraph instruments, known as communicators and indicators, and in
the alarum for the same.
The communicator is constructed so as to be self-acting, or it may be
worked by hand. The currents of electricity are transmitted by means of a
make-and-break wheel, with pins or teeth acting alternately on anchor pallets
or rollers. When the communicator is self-acting.the power is derived from a
spring or weight acting on a train of wheels, as in clockwork of the ordinary
construction, and when worked by hand a handle and pointer are fitted to the
revolving spindle. On depressing the key at zero, a self-acting spring keeps
it depressed to arrest the pointer and retain it in that position until again
required for use. The indicator consists of a dial, the finger of which is fixed
upon the front pivot of an arbor, which carries an escape wheel, into the teeth
of which two pins properly adjusted on a vibrating arm are made to work
alternately, by means of a permanent magnet working between the horns or
poles of a pair of electro-magnets. The escape wheel is held after each move-
ment by a spring detent and ratchet wheel. The alarum is made with a short
train of wheels and an escapement or a revolving hammer, to be released'
when a current of electricity passes through a pair of electro-magnets.
In order that our said Invention may be more clearly understood, we shall
now refer to the explanatory Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed.
Figure 1 represents a full sized plan view of one form of our improved
communicator as arranged to be actuated by clockwork, that portion of the
instrument which contains the dial and keys being removed in order to shew
more clearly those parts to which our present improvements have reference.
Figure 2 represents in elevation the peculiar arrangement of mechanism for
actuating the pointer of the indicator.
A (Figure I.) is the make-and-break wheel, fitted on to the spindle B,
which derives its motion either direct by hand from a suitable handle fitted to
the spindle for that purpose, or it receives a rotatory motion from a barrel,
spring, or weight, through an ordinary train of wheelwork. Upon this
wheel A are fitted a number of pins p, p, which, as the wheel revolves, come
in contact alternately with the two anchor pallets c and c, fitted in brackets
-b, b, on opposite sides of the wheel, but insulated from the bed plate Cof-the

page_text: As
instrument. d, d', are adjustable screw spindles, also insulated from the bed
plate, and against which the pallets strike after the passage of each pin; p, e,
is an insulated roller carried on the end of a spring f, and bearing constantly
against the wheel A, excepting at the part where the notch g is made in the
periphery of the wheel. The spring f is secured to an insulated bracket h,
and on each side of it are fitted two contacts i and j respectively, carried by the
insulated brackets k and l; m is an arm fitted to the spindle or axis of the
wheel A, which arm comes in contact with any one of the keys that may be
depressed, and is stopped in its revolution until released again by the lifting of
the finger from off the key; when the key corresponding to zero is depressed
the wheel A will always be stopped with the roller e falling into the notch g,
the spring breaking contact with the pin i, and interrupting the circuit, but
so long as the roller e bears against the plain portion of the periphery of the
wheel the spring f is held in contact with the pin i, and the circuit is
established. The copper or positive pole of the battery is in direct connection
with the pallet c, and the zinc or negative pole is in connection with the corre-
sponding pallet C¹³. The wheel A communicates with the line wire through
the bed plate C of the instrument, or in any other convenient manner.
the two pallets c and c³ are respectively in connection with the positive and
negative poles of the battery, and as they are alternately brought in contact
with the pins on the wheel A, it follows that the currents passing through the
line wire and indicator will be alternately positive and negative in the
indicator (Figure 2), the current passes through the coils of a pair of electro-
magnets n, n, which being alternately excited by positive and negative
currents attract to one side or the other the permanent magnet o, which
vibrates between them. To this permanent magnet is connected an arm q,
carrying pins or pallets r, r, which act upon the inclined teeth of a small
escapement wheel t, and impart a rotatory motion thereto. Upon the front
end of the axis of this wheel it fitted the finger or pointer a of the indicator,
the dial of which corresponds with that of the communicator. In order to
steady the movements of the indicator, finger, or pointer, which rotates in
concert with the pointer of the communicator, a small ratchet wheel u is fixed
on the axis which carries the escapement wheel, and a spring detent v engages
with the teeth thereof, as shewn in Figure 2. The usual switch is fitted to
the indicator for the purpose of sounding the alarum or signal. W is a switch
in connection with the bed plate C of the communicator, its object being to
complete the short circuit when the indicating instrument of the operator
requires to be regulated or adjusted. In the hand instruments we propose to
adapt a ratchet wheel to the spindle B of the make-and-break wheel, and to

page_text: employ a spring detent in connection therewith, so that the turning of the
wheel A in the wrong direction will be prevented.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the mode of carrying the
same into effect, we claim,-
First, the general construction, arrangements, and combination of alphabetical
electric telegraph apparatus, as herein-before described.
Second, the peculiar combination of make-and-break wheel and anchor
pallets or rollers, operating in the manner and for the purpose herein-before
described.
Third, the peculiar construction, arrangement, and combination of mechanism
for actuating or rotating and controlling the movements of the pointers of
"indicators," substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stanislaus Joseph Paris, on behalf of
myself and of the said William Bate, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-first day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
STANISLAUS JOSEPH PARIS. (LS.)
STANISLAUS JOSEPH PARIS. (LS.)