IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND MIXING VARIOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Octave Hanctin, Founder, of St. Denis, in the
Republic of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND MIXING VARIOUS SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Octave Hanctin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1876.
JEAN OCTAVE HANCTIN, Founder, of St. Denis, in the Republic of France.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND MIXING VARIOUS
SUBSTANCES."
The apparatus consists of a cylindrical cast-iron-envelope, within which is a hollow
drum of a smaller diameter; the case is closed at either end by caps; these caps are
pierced for the passage of the shaft to which the drum is fixed and in which the
axes turn.
Above the case externally is a hopper where the machine is fed with the substance
to be crushed, ground, or mixed, such as moulding sand, scorified cement, and other
matters, and immediately beneath which is a toothed crusher or wheel fixed to the
shaft of the drum; this wheel serves to effect the first crushing of the substance,
the second and final reduction of the matter being completed by a number of balls
held in sockets arranged longitudinally and parallel with the drum's axis. The
diameter of the balls is larger than that of the sockets, so that in revolving with
the drum they are secured in their respective positions by the sides of the case.
These balls and sockets are made either lengthwise, spirally, or circularly round
the drum, as may be desired, a sufficient space existing between the case and the
drum to admit of their free play as pulverising agents. The drum may, moreover,
be supplied with openings serving as a sieve to the substance reduced.
The whole machine is mounted on feet or on masonry and worked by any con-
venient force, by aid of a fly wheel or pulley fixed to the external end of the
shaft.
The crushing drum may be arranged vertically and of a conical form, or the balls
replaced by a number of superposed plates in the positions occupied by the balls,
where they are similarly held.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Jean Octave Hanctin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
December 1876.
"IM-
JEAN OCTAVE HANCTIN, Founder, of St. Denis, in the Republic of France.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, AND MIXING VARIOUS
SUBSTANCES."
The object of this Invention is to crush, grind, pulverize, or reduce to impalpable
power various hard substance, by means of an apparatus simple in the construction
of its composite parts, free from mechanical complexity necessitating reparation and
obviating the interruptions in the working.
The apparatus consists of a cylindrical cast-iron envelope, within which is a
hollow drum of a smaller diameter; the case is closed at either end by caps, which
are pierced for the passage of the shaft to which the drum is fixed and in which the
axes turn.
Above the case externally is a hopper where the machine is fed with the substance
to be crushed, ground, or mixed, such as moulding sand, scorified cement, and other
matters, and immediately beneath which is a toothed crusher or wheel fixed to the
shaft of the drum; this wheel serves to effect the first crushing of the substance,
the second and final reduction of the matter being completed by a number of balls
in sockets, arranged longitudinally and parallel with the drums axis. The diameter
of the balls is larger than that of the sockets, so that in revolving with the drum
they are secured in their respective positions by the sides of the case.
These balls and sockets are made either lengthwise, spirally, or circularly round
the drum, as may be desired, a sufficient space existing between the case and the
drum to admit of their free play as pulverizing agents. The drum may, moreover,
be supplied with openings serving as a sieve to the substance reduced.
The whole machine is mounted on feet or on masonry and worked by any
convenient force, by aid of a fly wheel or pulley fixed to the external end of the
shaft.
The crushing drum may be arranged vertically and of a conical form, or the balls
replaced by a number of superposed plates in the positions occupied by the balls,
where they are similarly held.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents an apparatus shown in longi-
tudinal section; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation following the line A, B; Fig. 3 is a
transverse section following the line C, D.
The apparatus consists of a sheet-iron cylinder E, forming the body and case of
the machine, which contains all the parts and may rest either on feet or on masonry P.
This cylinder is closed at each end by discs of a circular form F, G, H, I, these are
perforated in the centre for bearing the shaft of the drum, and forms the rotating
This crusher M consists of a drum bearing
axis of the apparatus or crusher.
longitudinally and parallely small openings in which iron balls K are placed, these
openings are circular in form for the accommodation of the balls, but the diameter of
these openings is arranged so as to be inferior to that of the balls, so as to hold the
latter prisoners, although movable, the diameter is calculated so as to allow of their
revolution between the outer and inner cylinders E and M.
On reference to the Drawing it will at once be evident how the balls are placed
and their action and mobility or play requisite for the services they are destined to
render.
The diameter A, B, of the drum M is inferior to that C, D, of the cylinder E,
but calculated so that the balls when once placed in the openings of the drum M
have a small space left for their movements between the case E and drum M.
The apertures of the balls on the drum are disposed lengthwise and parallel and
at equal distances, so that the surface may have a number of balls, according to the
force required and in proportion to the dimensions of the apparatus. The balls

page_text: may also be arranged in spiral lines, in a circular form, or otherwise. The drum
bears in its centre a shaft which passes through its centre, and as already mentioned,
is prolonged outside the apparatus for the reception of a fly wheel or transmitting
pulley V, serving to communicate rotary motion to the drum by any motive power.
This drum for greater strength is in sheet iron, and may be perforated to form a
sieve, if desired. The upper part of the drum bears an apparatus composed of a
toothed wheel, vide Fig. 2; this gives the first crushing preparatory to the action of
the balls. A hopper L is placed at the top of the machine for receiving the matter
for transmission to the crusher R, where it is first crushed, the finishing being
effected by the balls, which reduce the matter to an impalpable powder. Below the
lower end of the cylinder E a small opening is made, where the crushed matter
passes out, whence it is conducted to a depôt reservoir, thence to be retaken and
again submitted to the action of the crusher, and so on until the matter is reduced
to the degree of fineness required.
The dimensions of the machine would naturally vary in accordance with the
nature of the operation to be performed, and the same remark applies to the balls,
whose diameter must be equal and whose numbers may be employed variably
and placed regularly or irregularly, as required.
I should here observe that the position of the machine may be changed; in the
Drawing it is represent as horizontal, as this position has proved to give the best
results; nevertheless it may be arranged vertically and of conical form, as long as
the results produced are analogous, and the balls may be replaced by flat circular
plates superposed.
The principal features in the Invention being the disposition of the balls and
their mode of imprisonment, whilst allowing them free play as active pulverizing
agents, turning as they do by the rotary motion of the apparatus and having
sufficient space allowed them so that they can operate as hammers, whilst being
each of them maintained in its respective position without any further mechanical
combination other than that of the outer and inner cylinders, the latter bearing the
apertures for the balls.
I claim as my Invention the construction of crushing and pulverizing machines
precisely as herein described and illustrated, as and for the purposes herein men-
tioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Octave Hanctin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand night hunden