IMPROVEMENTS IN CUPOLA FURNACES
Year: 1858

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONATHAN
IRELAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Foundry
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jonathan Ireland, Her special licence that I, the said Jonathan
Ireland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Jonathan Ireland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CUPOLA FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Jonathan Ireland, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jonathan Ireland, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
-:
I apply to cupola or blast furnaces, for foundry or other purposes, one or
more air pipes or tuyeres placed at any suitable height above the ordinary
tuyeres for the purpose of bringing the metal into a fused state in a higher
part of the furnace than it is by the use of the aforesaid ordinary tuyeres
alone, thereby melting the metal with less fuel, and also purifying it as it falls
to the lower or ordinary tuyeres. The air supplied to my additional tuyeres
passes through one or more flues or chambers, either of brickwork or metal,
placed near the interior of the furnace, thus causing the air to be heated
before it arrives at the tuyeres, and obtaining the well-known economy and
advantage arising from the employment of such heated air.
When desired, my additional tuyeres may be used for the admission of cold
air by fixing the chamber on the outside of the furnace.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, with the figures and letters thereon, in which
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a cupola or furnace having my additional
tuyeres placed in the brickwork; Fig. 2, an external elevation of the same;
and Fig. 3, a transverse section thereof. a represents the lower or ordinary
tuyeres; b, the hot air chamber or flue; and c, the pipes to conduct the wind
from the main air flue d to the hot air chamber b. The upper or additional
tuyeres are represented at e, through which the air heated in the chamber
passes to the interior of the furnace. The charging chamber in which the
iron and cokes are placed is shewn at f, the charging door at g, and the shell
of the furnace at h.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein set forth,
as such may be varied or modified without departing from the principle
thereof; but I claim as my Invention, and which to the best of my knowledge
and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm,-
First, to cupola er blast furnaces I introduce any convenient number of
small tuyeres above the ordinary tuyeres attached to a hot-air chamber,
through which the air passes into the interior of the furnace at or near the
point where the first charge of metal is placed when the furnace is filled with
coke, or at any suitable height above the ordinary tuyeres,
Secondly, the hot-air chamber placed within the shell of the furnace
amongst the brickwork.
And, thirdly, the general arrangement of the upper tuyeres in connection

page_text: with the air passage or chamber, which may be fixed either in the interior or
the exterior of the shell or furnace, as such improvements are herein described
and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Ireland, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
JONATHAN IRELAND. (L.B.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Jonathan Ireland, in the presence
of
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Ireland, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jonathan Ireland, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Foundry Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CUPOLA FURNACES."
Sealed the 28th January 1859, and dated the 28th August 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jonathan Ireland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th August 1858.
I, JONATHAN IRELAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Foundry Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CUPOLA FURNACES," to be as follows:--
I apply to cupola furnaces for foundry or other purposes, one or more air-
pipes or tuyeres placed at any suitable height above the ordinary tuyeres for
the purpose of bringing the metal into a fused state on a higher part of the
furnace than it is by the use of the aforesaid ordinary tuyeres alone, thereby
melting the metal with less fuel, and also purifying it as it falls to the lower
or ordinary tuyeres. The air supplied to my additional tuyeres passes through
nes either in the brickwork of the interior of the furnace, or when required
trough divisions or flues of a metal or other casing at the outside of the
firnace, thus causing the air to be heated before it arrives at the tuyeres, and
otaining the well-known economy and advantage of heated air.

page_text: When desired my additional tuyeres may be employed for admission of
cold air.
These improvements will be better understood by reference to the accom-
panying outline Drawing.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a cupola furnace having my addi-
tional tuyeres placed in flues in the brickwork; Fig. 2, an external elevation of
part of the same; Fig. 3, a transverse section across the tuyeres and flues;
and Fig. 4, a transverse section of the furnace with heating passages or flues
on the outside. In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the pipes for supplying air to my
additional tuyeres are shewn at a, the air passing through an upper flue b,
and from thence to the lower flue c, in which I place the additional tuyeres d,
through which the heated air passes to the interior of the furnace. In Fig. 4
the flues are placed outside the furnace, the air passing from the pipes e to the
space or passage f, and from thence to the passage g, in which the additional
tuyeres are placed, through which the heated air passes to the interior.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jonathan Ireland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th February 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONATHAN
IRELAND, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Foundry
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Jonathan Ireland, Her special licence that I, the said
Jonathan Ireland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Jonathan Ireland, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britai
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN CUPOLA FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Jonathan Ireland, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seɛ,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inventio,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same >

page_text: be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jonathan Ireland, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
:-
:
I apply to cupola or blast furnaces for foundry or other purposes, one or more
air pipes or tuyeres, placed at any suitable height above the ordinary tuyeres,
for the purpose of bringing the metal into a fused state in a higher part of the
furnace than it is by the use of the aforesaid ordinary tuyeres alone, thereby
melting the metal with less fuel, and also purifying it as it falls to the lower
or ordinary tuyeres. The air supplied to my additional tuyeres passes through
one or more flues or chambers, either of brickwork or metal, placed near the
interior of the furnace, thus causing the air to be heated before it arrives at
the tuyeres, and obtaining the well-known economy and advantage arising
from the employment of such heated air.
When desired my additional tuyeres may be used for the admission of cold
air by fixing the chamber on the outside of the furnace.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings with the figures and letters thereon, in which Fig. 1
represents a vertical section of a cupola or furnace having my additional tuyeres
placed in the brickwork; Fig. 2, an external elevation of the same; and Fig. 3,
a transverse section thereof. a represents the lower or ordinary tuyeres; b, the
hot air chamber or flue, and c the pipes to conduct the wind from the main air
flue d to the hot-air chamber b. The upper or additional tuyeres are repre-
sented at e, through which the air heated in the chamber passes to the interior
of the furnace. The charging chamber in which the iron and cokes are placed
is shewn at f, the charging door at g, and the shell of the furnace at h.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein set forth,
as such may be varied or modified without departing from the principle
thereof; but I claim as my Invention, and which to the best of my knowledge
and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm,-
First, to cupola or blast furnaces I introduce any convenient number of
small tuyeres above the ordinary tuyeres, attached to a hot-air chamber,
through which the air passes into the interior of the furnace at or near the
point where the first charge of metal is placed when the furnaco is filled with
coke, or at any suitable height above the ordinary tuyeres.

page_text: Secondly, the hot air chamber placed within the shell of the furnace
amongst the brickwork.
And, thirdly, the general arrangement of the upper tuyeres in connection
with the air passage or chamber, which may be fixed either in the interior or
the exterior of the shell or furnace, as such improvements are herein described
and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Ireland, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine."
JONATHAN IRELAND. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Jonathan Ireland, in the presence
of
JONATHAN IRELAND. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Jonathan Ireland, in the presence
of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.