Improved Apparatus for Raising Water in Wells, Rivers, and other places.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 10th Nov., 1891--Accepted, 13th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Raising Water in Wells, Rivers, and
other places.
1 ELOI MARIE BIZET of Belle-Eglise, Oise, in the French Republic Gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention consists of a cylindrical vessel made of wrought or cast iron and
of such diameter and height proportional to the size and power of the apparatus.
At the lower end this vessel is hermetically closed the upper end is open its
interior is truly bored throughout so that the piston will work freely without
allowing water to pass between it and the inner walls of the cylinder.
The cylinder has an aperture at the bottom where a pipe is fixed and this serves
as the uplift pipe for the water.
The diameter of this pipe is proportioned to the amount of water to be raised
and the pipe is turned in the required direction.
The piston to be of cast iron or other suitable material, the diameter of the
piston to be the same size as the internal diameter of the cylinder and carefully
fitted so as to work easily without allowing water to escape. This piston to have
a band of flexible material (leather india rubber or the like) fixed on its circum-
ference. The piston to have two valves so that when it rises water is admitted
into the cylinder. It is fixed on the end of an iron rod rigidly connected there-
with. The rod is slightly longer than the vessel and serves to direct the piston
and to impart to it a to-and-fro movement.
It slides in two firmly fixed bearings and works the piston in the cylinder. The
vessel has a lid to prevent the entrance of foreign matters. The lid is larger in
diameter and has a rim descending along the vessel but leaving a small space
between it and the vessel in which space the water can pass. The said passage is
provided with grating to prevent foreign matters passing in. The rim of the lid
is so arranged as to draw the supply of water where most convenient, the water
being taken from below and at the edge of this rim.
The top of the lid has a hole in which the piston rod works.
The piston itself is not heavy enough to force the water in the vessel to rise in
the uplift to the required height therefore a sufficient weight is placed on the top
of piston rod for this purpose.
This weight acting on the piston will be more than sufficient to allow the piston
to descend in the vessel and the piston will therefore force the water in the cylinder
to rise in the pipe the weight on piston.rod must always be heavier. than actually
required so as to insure certainty of action.
When the piston has completed its down stroke and forced out the water from
the cylinder it is at its lowermost position it has then to be raised for a fresh stroke
and the vessel requires to be filled again with water, to this end a toothed bar or
rack is provided.
The length of the toothed part which gears with a pinion provided for this
purpose is proportionate to the stroke of the piston. This rack is connected either
by an iron rod or chain to the piston.
The rack and pinion are placed within convenient reach of the hand.
It slides in iron collars solidly fixed to a support which keeps them well in gear
with the pinion. The pinion is mounted on an iron spindle at the end of which
there is a crank by which it may be turned. The spindle of the pinion turns in
two bearings on a suitable support.
When the crank of the pinion spindle is turned it actuates the pinion geared to

page_text: .
rack raising the latter. The rack being connected with the piston causes the same
to rise from the bottom of the vessel to the top ready for a fresh stroke whilst the
piston forces the water (whereof the body is at a higher level) through the valves
in said piston which valves are then open fill the cylinder under the piston and the
contents of the cylinder are then ready to receive the pressure of the piston which
forces the water in the uplift pipe.
The advantages of this simple apparatus are great for 'farms and medium sized
houses as a vessel of one or two cubic metres capacity, the piston of which could
be raised by the crank say once a day which would not be difficult, would yield 12
to 20 hectolitres which would be more than sufficient supply for many houses.
The same apparatus may also be so arranged that the piston rises by the weight
of the water which is raised by the piston. In this case there is attached to the
rod which works the piston a wire rope or chain or suitably arranged iron rods.
On the other end is attached and carefully fixed another vessel having at the
bottom a valve allowing the water it contains to escape into the reservoir to be
filled. The chain attached to the other vessel at its upper end attached to the
vessel by pullies so placed as to bring this vessel under the outlet of the rising
pipe from which it receives the water. It must be of such capacity as to be
capable by its deadweight including the weight of water therein to raise the piston
the weight placed thereon and the accessory parts by means of the chain which
runs over the pullies said chain being attached by one end to the second vessel
and by the other to the piston.
The greater weight of the full second vessel raises the piston to the level of the
top of the first vessel below in readiness for a fresh stroke upon the water in the
cylinder. The water will thus again be forced up in the rising pipe, flows out of
the mouth of the latter filling the upper vessel. As in the simple form of apparatus
the water from above passes through the valves in the piston and fills the space
under the same ready for the renewed operation. Although the upper vessel is
carried on the pullies by its chain, (the other end whereof is connected with the
piston) it must be held securely on a detent under the mouth of the rising pipe
whilst being filled, as unless this vessel were not kept in position whilst the piston
descends its weight increasing as it becomes filled with water would act on the
piston counterbalancing the same and preventing its operation and therefore the
second upper vessel is supported on a detent so as not to act on the piston whilst
the same makes its downstroke for the purpose of forcing out the water in the
cylinder.
A. metal wire is attached at one end to the detent and by the other to the chain
near the piston so that the chain acts on the wire when the piston has gone down
far enough, the wire being pulled by the chain sets the detent free allowing the
upper vessel to fall with the chain attached to the upper end of the piston raising
the latter in order to refill the cylinder. There is no doubt that the upper vessel,
which when filled with water is heavier than the piston, piston-weight and
accessories will by its chains raise the piston bringing the latter back to its starting
point ready for fresh work as has been stated the cylinder has been again filled.
The upper vessel after having raised the piston and having arrived at its lowest
point brings the valve in the bottom in contact with a suitable striking piece
causing the valve to open and allowing the water to flow into any suitable
receiver.
The said upper vessel being then empty is raised to the detent and hung up a
counterweight of sufficient size being provided for this purpose and connected with
a chain passing over a pulley. It remains immovable under the mouth of the
rising tube becoming full of water whilst the piston descends until pulling the wire
which liberates the detent allowing the upper vessel to fall with its entire weight
upon the piston which again ascends to the starting point ready for action and so
on continuously. This is almost a perpetual motion. The uplift pipe is furnished
with a back pressure valve to prevent the water flowing back when the piston is
raised. The upper end of the pipe will be bent so that the outlet is at a lower

page_text: level than the highest point to which the water rises thus causing a syphon-action
that will facilitate the flow of water.
The apparatus is placed and erected as follows:-
Both in the simple apparatus as well as in that wherein the piston is auto-
matically raised, the cylindrical vessel its lid the piston within it are fixed in the
body of water in a perfectly upright position. The rod of the piston passing
through the lid and well beyond the stroke of the piston so that it may work in the
collars provided for it and suitably supported.
The level of the body of water inust always be higher than the top of the lid so
that the water may readily flow into the cylinder. The chain connecting the
piston with the. toothed rack also slides in collars which give it the requisite
direction. This chain is perpendicular near the vessel for a length at least equal
to the course of the piston so as to pull this latter when rising.
The pinion also is securely held by bearings mounted on solid supports so as to
carry the weight of the piston, piston-weight and its accessories. The pinion must
work easily so as to turn readily when the crank is set in notion thus operating the
rack or toothed bar which raises the piston to bring it above the water in the
cylinder and in readiness to act whenever the piston has been raised.
In the arrangement with the automatically raised piston the cylindrical vessel its
lid and the piston and piston-weight are the same as heretofore described and
similarly placed in the body of water the toothed bar is dispensed with the piston
chain lengthened and its other end attached to a second vessel hanging from the end
of the chain on pullies placed at a suitable height above the ground to give the
second vessel a sufficient fall from the highest point to the receiver making this fall
to correspond with the stroke of the piston so that the latter is raised completely.
The upper vessel being hung like a counterweight on the pullies, when full is
heavier than the piston and raises itself to recommence the operations. The upper
vessel is exhausted by its valve and is carried up and hooked to the detent by a
counterweight of suitable size connected therewith by a chain passing over a
pulley the vessel being filled with water the detent is released and descends
carrying with it the piston (to which it is attached by the chain passing over the
pulley) raises it thus allowing the cylinder in the body of water to refill where-
upon the operation is repeated.
Dated this 25th day of Febru 1901
BROWNE & Co.,
60, Chancery Lane, Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Raising Water in Wells, Rivers, and
other places.
1, ELOI MARIE BIZET, of Belle-Eglise, Oise, in the French Republic, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
The apparatus which forms the subject of the present invention consists of:
1st. A cylinder of metal, either cast or wrought having a diameter and height
proportioned to the power required. It has two openings, the first for the
admission and the second for the discharge of the water.
The interior of the cylinder, will be perfectly true and smooth, in order that a
piston may work freely in it without leakage, round its sides.
The cylinder is iminersed in the water which is to be raised which enters it
through one of the openings at or near the bottom, the opening being provided
with a valve opening inwards to allow the water to enter and closing when the
cylinder is filled and the piston descends.
This lower opening is provided with a pipe securely attached to it in such

page_text: manner as not to interfere with the proper working of the valve. The pipe is of
suitable length, its outer open end being placed in the most convenient position
but not under the cylinder, which would be always more or less inconvenient.
The end of the pipe is provided with a grating or strainer by which foreign
matters are prevented from entering it.
2nd. A piston of cast iron, or other suitable material fitting the cylinder closely
but so that it can be moved from end to end of the latter in its up and down strokes.
It may be provided with suitable packing such as leather or india rubber or other
material in the usual way.
The piston is provided with a piston rod on its upper side of somewhat greater
length than the cylinder and working through suitable guides.. The cylinder is
also provided with a cover to prevent dirt or foreign matters from getting into it,
its diameter being somewhat greater than the cylinder and a descending flange at
its edge fitting round the upper edge of the latter.
3rd. If the piston is not of sufficient weight to force the water up through a
discharge pipe to the height required it is loaded with a sufficient weight of iron,
stone, or other material, which may be placed upon the piston or round the piston
rod.
This heavy weight which is sufficient to force down the piston in the cylinder
and drive up the water in the latter constitutes the effective force of the apparatus
and it should always be somewhat greater than what is strictly required in order to
ensure satisfactory working.
4th. In order to raise the piston after it has completed its down stroke during
which it will have forced out through the delivery pipe the water in the cylinder
a toothed rack is used connected to the piston or to the piston rod and gearing
with a toothed pinion.
The rack may be connected directly to the piston or rod or by means of a chain
or rod, so that the pinion is at a convenient height to be worked by manual force.
The rack is guided freely in guides, so as to ensure its proper gearing with the
piston, which is fixed upon an inner shaft turning in bearings fixed to supports
sufficiently strong to support the weight of the piston and the parts connected to it
when the pinion is turned by means of handles.
When therefore the handles are turned the piston is raised, and is then ready to
make a fresh down stroke.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of the arrangement described (which
as explained, may be more or less varied) Figure 1 being an elevation of the
apparatus and Figure 2 a separate view of the piston, weight, chain, and rack.
A is the cylinder provided with a cover or top to which is fixed a guide C in which
the piston rod D is guided. B is the inlet for the water, arranged in a convenient
position and admitting the water through a valve to the lower side of the piston.
The pipe C should always be above the level of the water.
D is the piston rod, which is connected by a chain E to the rack F. This rack
gears with a pinion G driven by a handle by which the piston is raised when it has
descended to the bottom of its stroke.
His the delivery pipe in which the water is raised and is delivered at the open
end I. K (Figure 2) is the piston loaded with the weight L which is sufficiently
heavy to drive up the water in the cylinder A through the pipe H.
The level of the ground is shewn at N.
This simple apparatus will have great advantages for farms or other ordinary
dwellings for with a cylinder containing one or two cubic metres, if the piston is
raised once a day, which will present no difficulty, 10 to 20 hectolitres would be
available a more than sufficient quantity in ordinary cases.
The same apparatus may be used more conveniently in some cases by causing
the piston to be raised by the weight of the water operated on.
For this purpose to the piston rod is attached a wire rope or chain or rods con-
nected to another cylinder or vessel provided with a valve at its bottom through
which the water contained in it can escape at any desired moment into a reservoir

page_text: which receives it. The chain connected to this second vessel passes over pullies
arranged in such a position that the vessel receives from the discharge pipe of the
first cylinder the water delivered by the latter.
It should have such a capacity that its weight with that of the water contained
in it are sufficient to raise the piston in the first cylinder, which piston is connected
to one end of the chain which after passing over the pullies is connected to the
second vessel as described, the greater weight of this upper vessel filled with water
raising the piston in the lower cylinder and leaving it ready to make a fresh down
stroke in the lower cylinder and forcing up the water in the latter through the
discharge pipe and into the upper vessel.
Although the upper vessel is carried by the chain passing over pullies, which
connects it with the piston rod, the said vessel is also held up by a hook engaging
with a catch until the vessel is filled with water. If it were not so held its weight
would gradually increase as it became filled with water during the descent of the
piston and it would counterbalance the latter and prevent its action; and it is for this
reason that it is suspended in a fixed position so as not to interfere with the descent.
of the piston whilst the latter is forcing out the water in the cylinder.
A metal chain or wire is attached at one end to the catch and at the other to the
chain near the piston so that when the latter has nearly reached the end of its
stroke it draws the chain or wire which releases the catch and allows the upper
vessel to fall sufficiently to draw up the piston and so fill the cylinder with
water.
It is evident that the upper vessel filled with water being heavier than the
piston and its accessories, will when free draw up (by the chain passing over the
pullies) the lighter piston, and will raise it to the proper height where it will be
ready to commence another down stroke, for during this time the cylinder in
which it works will fill with water as already described.
When the upper vessel has raised the piston and has therefore nearly reached
the bottom of its stroke, the valve in its bottom will touch a projection by which
it is opened and the water in it allowed to escape into a reservoir provided to
receive it. The upper vessel when thus emptied will be again raised until it is
engaged with the catch by means of a balance weight heavier than itself attached
to a chain passing over a pulley. It will remain fixed by the catch whilst it is
again refilled with water from, the delivery pipe as the piston makes another down
stroke until the latter again releases the catch, by pulling the wire or cord and
allows the upper filled vessel to descend and draw up the piston again to the top of
its stroke and this alternate movement will continue to take place without inter-
ruption and almost continuously.
The delivery pipe should be provided with a valve to prevent the water in it
from descending as the piston rises.
The upper end of the pipe is bent round and down so that its discharge orifice is
below the upper part of the bend, forming a syphon which will assist the discharge
of the water.
The improved apparatus is arranged and used as follows :-
In both of the forms described, the cylinder is arranged vertically in the water
This rod
its piston working freely and the piston rod passing through the cover.
is preferably of larger diameter in its upper part which passes freely through the
guides.
The chain connecting the piston to the toothed rack first described will also work
freely through guides which keep it in the right direction, that is to say perpen-
dicular near the cylinder and for a height equal to the stroke of the piston and
afterwards in any desired direction to the toothed rack which should also be as
nearly as possible perpendicular in order that it may work freely in its guides,
stops being also arranged to limit its stroke and ensure its being always properly
in gear with the pinion.
The pinion is also supported in strong bearings in order that it may safely carry
the weight of the piston and its accessories. It should turn freely so that when

page_text: the handle or handles are fitted upon the axle it may easily operate the rack and
raise the piston to the top of the cylinder as first described and fill the cylinder
with water.
When necessary the piston is again raised in the same way.
Where the apparatus is to be adapted to raise the piston automatically the
cylinder, cover, piston, and weight remain as before and are placed in the water
which is to be raised, the rack is not required. The chain from the piston is
prolonged and its other end connected to another vessel after passing over pullies
at a sufficient height from the ground so that this upper vessel may have a
sufficiently great descent to raise the piston from its lowest to its highest position.
Its operation has been already explained the upper vessel counterbalanced by a
weight and chain passing over pullies becoming filled with water so that it is
heavier than the piston which it therefore raises to a position ready to nake
another down stroke. The upper vessel being emptied through the valve is raised
again by its counterweight, and held in its highest position by the catch when it
becomes refilled with water and the catch is then released and the vessel again
descends full of water and by its superior weight driving up the piston to which it
is connected by the chain passing over pullies, and the cylinder then becomes
refilled, and ready again to descend and so on continuously unless for some unfore-
seen accident.
If the combined weights are insufficient to raise the piston, the second vessel
may be suspended to a lever the other end of which is connected to the piston
chain so as to double or triple the power. The fulcrum of the lever is adjusted as
may be desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is
The apparatus for raising water consisting of a cylinder fixed vertically in the
water to be raised, and provided with a piston working in it and drawing the
water through a valve in the bottom of the cylinder, the water being delivered
through a delivery pipe and valve by a sufficiently heavy weight raised by a rack
and pinion or by means of a separate vessel alternately filled with water and
emptied, the last mentioned vessel being released by a catch actuated by the piston,
substantially as described.
Dated this 10th day of November 1891.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.