IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR GENERATING AND APPLYING ELECTRICITY
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isac Louis Pulvermacher, of 194, Regent Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Electrician, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPLIANCES FOR GENERATING AND APPLYING ELECTRICITY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Louis Pulvermacher
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th August 1881.
ISAC. LOUIS PULVERMACHER, of 194, Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Electrician. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR GENERATING AND APPLYING
ELECTRICITY."
The improved battery which forms the object of this application for Letters
Patent, is composed of an indefinite number of elements joined together with chain
like articulation, so as to establish voltaic contacts between the zinc elements and
the copper elements contained in each link, but in such a manner that the elements
can be charged simultaneously with exciting liquid, and purged therefrom simulta-
neously.
Each element is composed of a hollow cylinder of artificial carbon or other
negative electro motive material, which carries at its upper portion a. smaller
cylinder of the same material.
The upper part of this smaller cylinder is reduced in diameter exteriorly so as to
receive the bottom portion of a cylindrical piece which is formed from a stamped
plate. The upper edge of the smaller cylinder is formed with a small flange to
retain the metal cylindrical piece in its place. The flange is provided with notches
to receive the connecting arms of the metal cylindrical piece.
The bottom of the carbon cylinder is corked or stopped with a plug or stopper of
any suitable isolating material. This stopper is centred and carried by a pro-
jection on a wire stein composed of two half round iron wires, the flat sides of
which are laid together so as to form a round stem which passes through the
centre of each element, and is covered on its outside with zinc wire for a portion
of its length, and provided at its bottom end with a disc or washer of soft rubber
or other suitable soft material, protected by a disc of any suitable isolating
material.

page_text: The lower ends of the half round iron wires traversing in a water tight manner
the soft rubber washer and isolating disc are bent rectangularly so as to form a
head similar to the head of a nail.
The upper end of this central compound stem is provided with one or more
notches, so that when it is passed through the centre of the element, and opening
out by its tension, it engages in a spring fixed in the neighbouring element of the
battery. This spring serves to open or close the plug or stopper, and thus effect
the charging with and discharging from exciting liquid of the element. In order
to close temporarily the open end of the compound iron stem to enable it to pass
through the hollow centre of the chain part of the element, the upper and smaller
cylinder is provided with a plug of wood or other suitable material, cone shaped on
its interior.
The battery is provided with a disc sufficiently large to cover the upper end of
all its elements when it is rolled up.
In order to charge the battery, it is rolled up to form a block, and is then
immersed up to a certain point in a bath of exciting liquid.
By pressing the disc down it acts simultaneously upon the upper portion of the
central stem of each element, and opens the bottom portion of each carbon cylinder
by lowering the centreing piece. This enables the exciting liquid to enter each
element and the battery to become charged, the air escaping through the space or
aperture in the guiding plug at its upper part.
Upon releasing the pressure on the central disc, the centreing piece of each
clement returns simultaneously under the action of the springs before mentioned to
its seating, and the battery is then either removed from the exciting liquid, or the
latter is withdrawn from the battery, so that the elements (while retaining the
liquid) become isolated from each other.
The battery hereinbefore described may be arranged in a compact portable form
by mounting it in a suitable box having a false bottom, which divides the box into
two communicating portions, the lower one forming a reservoir for the exciting
liquid, and the upper one receiving the battery.
To charge the battery, a disc or plate arranged on its top is depressed, which
simultaneously lowers the bottoms of the elements.
Air can then be blown by a tube into the reservoir, causing the exciting liquid to
rise into the upper compartment containing the battery, and so charge the
elements. Upon relieving the disc of pressure the springs before described close
hermetically the bottoms of the elements, and the air pressure being suspended, the
surplus liquid returns to the reservoir and isolates the elements from each other,
and the battery is charged.
A simpler mode of simultaneously charging the elements of a chain battery of
the kind above described is by absorption.
Each of the elements of this battery has its outer portion (cylindrical in form)
made of a stamped copper plate, and in one with the articulating portion of the
battery.
The zinc portion of the element is formed of zinc wire wound spirally upon a
central stem composed of two half round iron wires. A thread is wound on the
exterior parallel to the coils of the zinc wire, the object being to prevent metallic
contact of the zinc with the copper cylinder when the zinc spiral is inserted
therein,
The central stem of the zinc portion bifurcates in the form of a tuning fork, and
is united at its lower free ends by a thin circular plate of iron, while its upper end
forming a round wire like stem engages, and by its gentle friction holds itself in
the centre of the element.
To charge this battery it is coiled around a centre core of insulating material,
preferably provided with a knob at about its centre to form a handle, and the coils
are kept together by an elastic ring of insulating material which surrounds them.
In this condition the battery is placed in a box holding the necessary exciting
liquid which wets the elements to the extent required. The battery is then

page_text: withdrawn, the box dried, the former returned to its place, and the battery is
excited and ready for use.
A modified way of charging the battery acting by absorption consists of
arranging the chain of elements in zig-zag parallel layers.
The battery is then placed in a portable box having two compartments, one to
receive the battery to be charged, and the other compartment holding the exciting
liquid. A passage leading from one compartment to the other, and governed by a
cock or plug, allows the liquid when the box is placed horizontally to flow into
that portion containing the battery, and to charge the same.
After all the elements are wetted the box may be raised or tilted slowly, until it
assumes a perpendicular position, thus enabling the exciting liquid to return to the
reservoir.
The battery is then ready for use.
The improvements in applying electricity are in connection with my volta
electric bands described in previous Patents, and they consist in winding spirally
naked wires of electro-motive metals on strips of parchment (vegetable or other-
wise), also on tapes or strips of fibrous tissue previously prepared by a solution of
gun cotton or celluline, in a mixture of camphor and alcohol.
This preparation gives to the tissue, according to the thickness of the solution,
more or less stiffness to stand the operation of spiral winding under pressure, and
renders them nearly waterproof whilst retaining a certain flexibility.
The winding process of the positive and negative metals should be so effected
that, for example, the zinc wire should come to lay beside the copper wire very
closely, without however touching each other metallically.
Bands of a certain length thus spun over form a single element actuated by mere
close contact with the skin of the human body, the imperceptible perspiration of
the same being sufficient to engender a gentle but decided galvanic current in
proportion to the extent of surface of such bands.
For converting such elements of large surface into voltaic combination of small
elements, I establish soldered voltaic contacts between the zinc and copper wires at
intervals, and sever the proper wires in a similar manner, as described in my
previous Patents.
To provide for fastening these electro physiological bands at their ends or poles,
I slip in between the wires and the material on which they are spun plates of a
suitable form. These plates are so cut and stamped out simultaneously that three
sides of their square form are provided with teeth bent in a downward direction,
so as to be able to bite into the material when the overlaid wires are pressed onto
the plate in which the wires are spun.
The fourth projecting side of this plate is shaped so as to form a stud-like pro-
jection, similar to the modern buckles used on garters, so that it may easily engage
into button holes of tapes, elastic bands, or a combination of both.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Isaac Louis Pulvermacher in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th February 1882.
ISAC LOUIS PULVERMACHER, of 194, Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Electrician. “IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR GENERATING AND APPLYING
ELECTRICITY."
"
The first part of my Invention relates to chain batteries composed of an
indefinite number of elements joined together or articulated so as to establish
voltaic contacts between the zinc elements and the copper elements contained in
each link, but in such a manner that the elements can be charged simultaneously
with exciting liquid, and purged therefrom simultaneously.
The Invention is clearly shown in the annexed Drawing Each element, as in
Figure 1, is composed of a hollow cylinder a of artificial carbon or other negative
electro motor material, which carries at its upper portion a smaller cylinder b of
the same material. The upper part 6¹ of this smaller cylinder 6 is reduced in
diameter exteriorly, as in Figure 2, so as to engage into the bottom portion of a
cylindrical piece c, Figure 3, which is formed from a stamped plate, Figure 4. The
upper edge of the smaller cylinder b is formed with a small flange bu to retain the
metal cylindrical piece e in its place. The flange is provided with notches d, d,
Figure 3, to receive the connecting arms 1, 1, of the metal cylindrical piece c.
The bottom of the carbon cylinder a is corked or stopped with a plug or stopper f
of any suitable isolating material and carried by the projection, the flat sides of
which are laid together so as to form a round stem. This stopper is centered, and
carried by a projection on a wire stem composed of two half round iron wires f',
Figure 5, the flat sides of which are laid together so as to form a round stem which
passes through the centre of each element, and is covered on its outside with zinc
wire g, Figure 6, for a portion of its length, and provided at its lower end with a
disc or washer g of soft rubber or other suitable soft material protected by a disc h
of any suitable isolating material.
The lower ends of the half round iron wires fi traversing in a water tight
manner the soft rubber washer and isolating disc g are bent rectangularly so as
to form a head similar to the head of a nail. The upper end of this central
compound stem is provided with one or more notches i, so that when it is
passed through the centre of the element and opening out by tension it engages in
a spring j fixed in the neighbouring element of the battery; this spring serves to
open or close the plug or stopper f, and thus effect the charging with and
discharging from the element of the exciting liquid.
In order to close temporarily the open end of the compound iron stem f' to
enable it to pass through the hollow centre of the chain part of the element, the
upper and smaller cylinder h' is provided with a plug of wood or other suitable
material cone shaped on its interior.
Flanges or discs o, o', Figure 4*, preferably of celluline one above and another
below between the bent over lips 1, 7, by short tubes n, whose outer ends are after
being inserted into the copper metal of the element burred down upon the flanges
or discs o, o', to keep them in place by a locking and interlocking action.
In order to charge the battery it may be rolled up to form a block, and then
immersed up to a certain point in a bath of exciting liquid.
The battery is provided with a disc ¹ sufficiently large to cover the upper end
of all its elements when it is rolled up.
By pressing the disc ' down it acts simultaneously upon the upper portion of
the central stem of each element, and opens the bottom of each carbon cylinder by

page_text: lowering the stoppers f"; this enables the exciting liquid to enter each element
and the battery to become charged, the air escaping through a space or aperture
formed in the guiding plug k at its upper part.
Upon releasing the pressure on the central disc the centreing piece of each
element returns simultaneously under the action of the springs before mentioned
to its seating, and the battery is then either removed from the exciting liquid, or
the latter is withdrawn from the battery, so that the elements (while retaining the
liquid) become isolated from each other.
The battery herein before described may be arranged in a compact portable form
by mounting it in a suitable box having a false bottom which divides the box into
two communicating portions, the lower one forming a reservoir for the exciting
liquid, and the upper one receiving the battery.
a, a, a, a, are the elements of the battery held together by the voltaic chain
connection described in reference to Figure 1. The box B in which the elements
are mounted has a partition c¹ which divides the box into two portions, the lower
one e¹ of which serves as a reservoir for the exciting liquid. The partition c¹
carries a supply tube d', the lower end of which all but touches the bottom proper
of the box B. f is an air tube, the lower end f¹ of which opens into the upper
portion of the reservoir of exciting liquid.
In order to charge the battery this cam lever g is depressed, and acting on the
plate simultaneously lowers the bottoms of the elements a, a; air is then blown
or driven through the air tube f to raise or force the exciting liquid into the
battery compartment j of the box B. Upon releasing the lever g the force of the
springs shut hermetically the elements at the bottom. Upon suspending the
pressure of the air the surplus liquid surrounding the elements returns through
the supply pipe d¹ to the reservoir e', and thus isolates the elements from each
other.
The electricity thus formed is led by the poles of the battery connected with the
terminals h³, h, to the conducting wire, and thence to the electrodes.
If the battery is mounted in a round box instead of an oblong one, the elements
are wound or coiled round a central core which carries a car lover pressing on a
circular plate capable of acting simultaneously on all the springs and stems.
A simpler mode of simultaneously charging the elements of a chain battery of
the kind above described is by absorption.
Each of the elements a of this battery has its outer portion (cylindrical in form)
made of a stamped copper plate, Figure 9 and 9ª, in one with the articulating
portion b, b, of the battery.
The zinc portion of this element is formed of zinc wire, Figure 10, Sheet 1,
wound spirally upon a central stem composed of two half round iron wires f'. A
thread is wound on the exterior parallel to the coils of the zinc wire, the object
being to prevent metallic contact of the zinc with the copper cylinder when the
zinc spiral is inserted therein.
The central stem f¹ of the zinc portion bifurcates in the form of tuning fork,
Figure 11, and is united at its lower free ends by a thin circular plate of iron,
Figure 12, while its upper end forming a round wire like stem engages, and by its
gentle friction holds itself in the centre of the element a.
The zinc may be made from two half tubes, and the stems of tongue like
projections from the same stamping as part of each half tube, as shown in Figure 13,
the thread being wound on from end to end, and the two half zincs bound into
barrel form by another thread; the tongues f³ serve as conduction between the
cylinder and the central rivetting tube n
Elements thus constructed can be voltaicly connected and arranged in a circular
box coiled round a centre core C, Figures 14 and 15, of insulating material.
preferably provided with a knob D at or about its centre to form a handle, the
coils being kept together by an elastic ring of insulating material which surrounds
them; the discs or washers o, o¹, interlocking, as seen in Figure 16, to make them
rigid in one plane.

page_text: In this condition the battery is placed in the box E holding the necessary
exciting liquid which wets the elements a to the extent required; the battery is
then withdrawn, the box E emptied and dried, the former returned to its place,
and the battery is excited and ready for use, or it may be put into the lid or cover.
To excite the battery a waterproof box E is filled with exciting liquid to a height 5
necessary (taking into consideration the displacement caused by the insertion) to
wet the elements as far as the point 3, z, thus ensuring the connecting uprights e
being kept dry. It will be readily understood that one pole of the battery is
connected to the plug in the centre whilst the other pole is in connection with the
last element of the coil, and that graduation of the strength of the current may 1
be easily obtained by inserting, into the top of any of the rivetting tubes the end
of a conducting wire and a suitable intermediate terminal.
A modified way of charging the. battery acting by absorption consists in
arranging the chain of elements in zigzag parallel layers, as shown in Figure 17.
The box B is divided by the partition c into two compartments, one d acting 1
as the reservoir for the liquid, while the part e¹ serves to hold the battery. The
partition c is provided with a hole f controlled by a plug g in connection with a
rod h terminated by a button i. The hole in the partition c contains a tube k
which all but touches the opposite wall of the reservoir portion of the box;
air tube. The box is provided on each side with a shelf on which the upper rows
of discs o, o, by the outer elements rest to prevent contact of the metal portion of
the battery with the walls of the box in a wet state.
is an
In order to excite the battery thus arranged. the box is placed horizontally, as
shown in the Figure, and the plug g drawn by means of the button i, which
allows the liquid to flow through the plug hole into the battery compartment.
Should the level of the liquid not be sufficiently high to reach to the top of the
elements it can be increased by driving or forcing air through the tube l.
After all the elements are wetted the box is raised or tilted slowly until it
assumes a perpendicular position, thus enabling the exciting liquid to return to the
reservoir without wetting the lower arms of the link portion of the element; the
battery is then ready for use by means of terminals and conducting wires.
The main advantage of the arrangement of the elements in the chain batteries
hereinbefore described is the facility with which the zinc can be replaced, as simple
as a pen can be replaced in a pen holder, as it is merely necessary to draw out the
tinned iron stem from the rivetting tubes, and to mount thereon fresh zinc spirals,
amalgamated or not.
Another advantage of the Invention is the facility with which the chain can be
removed from the box and opened out in order to evade any derived currents which
might occur through the dampness of the air in the box if the elements are too
numerous, and thus to produce high electric tension requiring perfect isolation.
The second portion of my present Invention relates to appliances for generating
and applying electricity in the form of volta-electric bands, such as are described
in my previous Patents, and they consist in winding spirally naked wires of
electro motor metals on strips of parchment (vegetable or otherwise), also on tapes
or strips of fibrous tissues previously prepared by a solution of gun cotton or
celluline in a mixture of camphor and alcohol.
This preparation gives to the tissue, according to the thickness of the solution,
more or less stiffness to stand the operation of spiral winding under pressure, and
renders them nearly waterproof. whilst retaining a certain flexibility.
The winding process of the positive and negative metals should be so effected
that, for example, the zinc wire should come to lay beside the copper wire very
closely, without however touching each other metallically..
Bands of a certain length thus spun over from a single element are actuated by
mere close contact with the skin of the human body, the imperceptible perspiration
of the same being sufficient to engender a gentle but decided galvanic current in
proportion to the extent of surface of such bands.
For converting such elements of large surface into voltaic combination of small

page_text: elements, I establish soldered voltaic contacts between the zinc and copper wires at
intervals, and sever the proper wires in a similar manner as described in mý
previous Patents.
To provide for fastening these electro physiological bands at their ends or poles
I slip in between the wires and the material on which they are spun plates of a
suitable form, these plates so cut and stamped out simultaneously that three sides
of their square form are provided with teeth bent in a downward direction, as in
Figure 188, so as to be able to bite into the material D' when the overlaid wires
are pressed on to it on which the wires are spun.
The fourth projecting side of this plate is shaped so as to form a stud like pro-
jection similar to the modern buckles used on garters, so that it may easily engage
into button holes of tapes, elastic bands, or a combination of both.
Figure 18 represent my first improvement in band batteries. This is formed of
copper and zinc wire laid side by side upon a strip of celluline with an intervening
thread, another thread being spun between the zinc and the copper the full length
of the band A, the wires being slightly pressed to bind them into close contact
to fix them in position without interfering with flexibility. The ends of the band
have each a pole plate B, B, of the kind shown at Figures 21, 24, 25, and 26, and
hereafter described. After the band is thus constructed I lift a few of the wires
at each end at the back, see Figure 19, and insert the ends of an elastic web D, one
of which is sewn thereto, as shown, the other end E being drawn through and sewn
to a slip buckle F to enable the webbing to be increased or diminished at will in
order that the band may be retained at any desirable part of the body with all the
wires spirally laid in direct contact.
Figure 20 shows a similarly constructed band, but made up of a series of elements
soldered in voltaic contact.
•
The band shown in Figures 22 and 23 is formed with a flat conduit or channel,
in which I pass an elastic webbing D of any kind of tissue, or of india rubber, the
ends of said band being arranged to remain open. I provide the bands at each
end with small metal plates B (which allow the introduction and the free move-
ment or passage of the elastic web in the interior of the band, and to secure the
solidity of the band), the plates serving as poles. These plates have hooks I, I',
and wire loops K, so that the voltaic bands may be hooked together at their ends,
thus uniting them metallically and voltaically, if it is desired to obtain one long
band by means of several short bands, each provided with its elastic web, and
also in the case where it is desired to run or string one elastic webbing through
a certain number of bands not having any webbing or tape.
Voltaic bands of a length suitable to the purpose for which it is required may
thus be obtained. The ends of the elastic web may be joined together by means
of buckles to allow of easy separation, but they are generally joined by sewing or
otherwise to form an endless elastic.
Each of the plates B, Figure 21, is of thin metal cut or stamped out, and after-
wards folded or bent over, as at Figure 24, 25, and 26. The tongue piece or tang L
is bent over square in such manner that after the bent or folded plate is inserted
into between several of the spirals of one side, and at the end of the band, the
tongue piece L is passed between two of the spirals, and is then bent down and
fixed on the outside, as shown. The end of the tongue piece L is passed into an
opening M. formed in the metal plate so as to secure it.
The endless elastic tape D is provided with a runner or sliding appliance F for
reducing the length of the ribbon D, as shown in Figure 27, so that the voltaic
band may, if desired, be applied to the arm, the leg, or other parts of the human
body. In this Figure 27 the elements of the band are not shown; the dotted
lines only indicate the shape or form which it may take by reason of its
flexibility.
Figure 28 shows a voltaic band intended to be used as a bracelet. It is shown
in dotted lines, and is provided with plates B, B, similar to those before described.
The endless elastic tape D, Figure 27, is sufficiently long to allow of passing the

page_text: bracelet on to the arm; then by stretching the elastic over the hand it resumes its
normal condition on the band when on the arm, as in Figure 29. In this case the
hooks I, I, are not requisite.
In order to adapt my hollow bands hereinbefore described for battery purposes
for producing hydro-electric currents of increased strength (always ready for use)
I suspend it, as in Figure 30, by a cross plate Q of insulated material, attached at
one end within a receiver or vessel R composed of stout wire wound spirally with
an intervening cord or thread S upon rigid edge bars or wires T to produce a rigid
or only slightly flexible vehicle. This vehicle is made waterproof on the inside by
the insertion of a very flexible and thin rubber bag U of corresponding shape,
which is caused to adhere to the sheath wires and intervening cords by a rubber
solution having been previously spread on it, which solution is allowed to dry, or
nearly so, before being inserted into the sheath. The attachment to the sheath
cords and wires is effected partially by air being blown into the bag to force it
into contact, and partly by a spread of a further quantity of the same solution
from the outside into between the flat spiral layers of wires and cords. The rubber
lining bag U is of greater length than the sheath, so that the lower part V, which
projects, forms a reservoir or pouch for containing liquid sufficient to wet all the
elements of. the band battery when pressure is put upon the bag by a squeeze.
On the removal of the pressure the liquid flows back into the lower portion V of
the bag U, emptys the sheath, and leaves the band battery to act without derived
currents. The cross plate Q, by which the band battery is suspended, has a couple
of eyelets W connected with its poles, viz., an insulated wire is connected with one
metal (copper) at the lower end of the battery, and is brought up to one of the
eyelets; the other eyelet has connected to it direct the zinc wire of the upper
pole. Rigid band batteries may be constructed by winding zinc and copper wire
on a round or half round rod of celluline D', and pass it between rollers to shape it,
see Figure 18b.
Figure 31 represents a modification of the bag battery referred to with reference
to Figure 30. To prevent the battery touching the bag U, I lace on one side edge
a wire X covered with an insulating material by an over edge lapping between
the elements. (like over edge or button hole stitching) in a loose manner, said
conducting wire being attached to the copper pole at the lower end of the battery,
the upper end being connected to one of the two eyelets W, the other eyelet
having the opposite pole attached. The other side edge of the battery has a
similarly laced wire Y for insulation purposes, but not in conductible connection
with the poles of the battery; or the second wire may be connected with X if
desired.
The vehicle or sheath may be made of garden hose material brought into the
desired shape, flat or otherwise, and stiffened by glue, shellac, celluline, or other
adhesive cement, and lined with the rubber bag as before described. For lightness
sheet cork may be similarly treated.
Several of these sheath batteries may be arranged close together, and the pole
wires regularly connected to form a single battery.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First. The voltaic and mechanical combination of the elements of a battery linked
together in chain form, as described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, in
such a manner that the active portion of the elements only are charged with
liquid, while the chains carrying the elements remain dry, whereby all the elements
are perfectly isolated from each other, as hereinbefore described.
Secondly. The combination of a copper cylinder with a carbon cylinder, at
Figure 3 of the Drawings, the carbon cylinder being rigidly fixed when pushed into
the copper cylinder within an annular and vertical grooves in the carbon cylinder,
as described.
Thirdly. The method hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 7, 8, 14,
15, and 17 of charging simultaneously and instantaneously an indefinite number of

page_text: eloments without establishing derived currents, and discharging the liquid in a
similar manner when the battery is to be no longer in action, thus preserving the
zinc from deterioration when not in action, as in ordinary batteries.
Fourthly. The method described with reference to Figure 13, by which the
positive metal in a chain battery is set in perfect conductible voltaic connection
with the negative portion of the element without any chance of local action when
charged, and allowing the zinc to be easily replaced when required.
Fifthly. I claim the construction and arrangement of the voltaic chain band
shown at Figure 18 of the annexed Drawings, in which the positive and negative
wire are wound with an intervening thread upon a strip of celluline or like
flexible body having insulating properties.
Sixthly. I claim the arrangement of the band of wire elements with a strip of
celluline within the same, as described and shown at Figure 20 and 18b.
Seventhly. I claim the method of attaching an elastic webbing capable of being
lengthened or shortened at will to chain bands of the construction shown.
Eighthly. I claim the construction of hollow wire spun bands, within which an
endless elastic webbing can be passed, as described with reference to Figures 22,
27, 28, and 29 of the Drawings.
Ninthly. I claim the end fastener plates described and shown at Figures 21, 24,
25, and 26 of the Drawings for attachment to the ends of wire spun electric bands,
as set forth.
Tenthly. I claim the particular method of forming portable batteries for local
application of currents to the body, as described with reference to Figures 30 and 31
of the Drawings, capable of being charged instantaneously, and for preserved
thereby the polar action from derived currents, as set forth with reference to
Figures 30 and 31 of the Drawings.
Eleventhly. I claim the particular method of lacing voltaic band batteries, as
shown at Figure 31, for insulating the band from the wet inner walls of the sheath,
and for simultaneously conducting electricity from one pole to the opposite pole of
the battery, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isac Louis Pulvermacher, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.