IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, OR TWISTING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert John Hurtley, of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and Edward Slater, of the same Place, Spinning
Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, OR TWISTING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 9th December 1879, and dated the 3rd September 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert John Hurtley and
Edward Slater at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd
September 1879.
ROBERT JOHN HURTLEY, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner,
and EDWARD SLATOR, of the same Place, Spinning Manager, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, OR TWISTING COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
The first part of our Invention relates to an improved construction of adjustable
heart or by levers and change wheels, whereby in the building of the cop the binding
threads are crossed or caused to start from various points of the circumference of the
apex of the cone. The heart for purpose aforesaid we construct of two parts, the
one part adjustable to the other, whereby the lifting or lowering action may
be varied so as to vary and change the point at which the yarn reaches and
starts from the apex of the cops, or a like result may be obtained by means
of a series of change wheels operated by means of lever or levers and catches.
The second part of our Invention relates to an improved combination of hollow
spindle and apparatus for supplying oil or lubrication to the bearing through
the interior of the spindle; and in order to prevent waste of oil or damage
to the cops for this purpose we place a rail or rod lengthwise of the frame to
which hinged folding arms or brackets having cups at their extremities are
attached; the cup being central to the spindle prevents waste of oil and ensures its
application direct to the centre of the spindle. The third part of our Invention
consists in the application of a varying self adjusting weighted drag which will
impart more or less friction or resistance to the spindle (when such is driven or
dragged round by the action of the flyer), thereby giving an uniform tension to the

page_text: yarn or thread while being built in the form of cops upon such spindle aforesaid,
its mode or manner being as follows:-We fix or secure to the lower end of the
spindle a flange or rim; on this flange or rim a friction boss is placed; we connect
to this boss a link or rod, on the lower end of which are a series of small weights,
arranged in such manner that as the diameter of the cop increases or diminishes
more or less of the weights are taken up, and the required amount of friction
imparted to the before mentioned spindle. Or a lever or levers may be used, the
centre or fulcrums of which are constantly varied by the backward and forward
movement of a rod or bar supported by arms, to which motion is imparted by a
tappit or tappits; thus giving to the spindle the required drag or resistance. Or
expanding or contracting vanes may be used, arranged in such manner that as
the diameter of the cop increases the vanes are thrown out, the atmosphere given
to the spindle the resistance required. The fifth part of our Invention relates to
that part of spinning machinery known as the ring and traveller. In the usual.
method of ring spinning, the bobbin and spindle are driven positive and at one
uniform speed, and the traveller caused to revolve round the ring by the traction
of the yarn being spun, that is to say, the thread pulls the traveller round the
ring. Now our improvements consists essentially in placing the traveller, spindle,
or bobbin on revolving frictional surfaces to which a positive motion is given.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Robert John Hurtly and Edward Slater in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 2nd March 1880.
ROBERT JOHN HURTLEY, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner, and
EDWARD SLATER, of the same Place, Spinning Manager. “IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR. APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, OR TWISTING COTTON OR
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL."
The first part of our Invention relates to an improved construction of an adjust-
able heart, whereby in the building of the cop the binding threads are crossed or
caused to start from various points of the circumference of the apex of the cone.
The heart for purposes aforesaid we construct of two parts, the one adjustable to
the other, whereby the lifting or lowering action may be varied so as to vary and
change the point at which the yarn reaches and starts from the apex of the
cone.
The second part of our Invention relates to an improved combination of hollow
spindle and apparatus for supplying oil or lubrication to the bearing through the
interior of the spindle; and in order to prevent waste of oil or damage to the cops
we place a rail or rod lengthwise of the frame, to which hinged folding arms or
brackets having cups at their extremeties are attached; the cups being central to
the spindle prevent waste of oil and ensure its application direct to the centre of
the spindle.
The third part of our Invention consists in the application of a varying self
adjusting weighted drag which will impart more or less friction or resistance to the
spindle when such is driven or dragged round by the action of the thread and flyer,
thereby giving a uniform tension to the yarn or thread while being built in the
form of cops upon such spindles aforesaid, its mode and manner being as follows:-
We fix or secure to the lower end of the spindle a flange or rim; on this flange or
rim a friction boss is placed; we connect to this boss a link or rod, on the lower end
of which are a series of small weights arranged in such manner that as the
diameter of the cop increases or diminishes more or less of the weights are taken
up and the required amount of friction imparted to the before mentioned spindle.
Or a lever or levers may be used, the centre or fulcrum of which are constantly
varied by the backward and forward movement of a rod or bar, supported by arms
to which motion is imparted by a tappit or tappits, thus giving to the spindle the
required drag or resistance.
The fourth part of our Invention relates to that part of spinning machinery
known as the "ring and traveller." In the usual method of ring spinning the bobbin
and spindle is driven positive and at one uniform speed, and the traveller caused
to revolve round the ring by the traction of the yarn being spun, that is to say,
the thread pulls the traveller round the ring. Now our improvements consist
essentially in placing the traveller, spindle, or bobbin on revolving frictional sur-
faces to which a positive motion is given.
In order to fully describe our said Invention we have hereunto annexed three
Sheets of Drawings illustrative thereof, the same letters referring to the same parts
in the various views and Figures.
Figure 1 represents an adjustable heart or cam forming the first part of our
Invention. "A" is an heart or cam secured to the cam shaft Al; in the face of the
heart or cam is a recess in which moves too and fro the nose bit lever A2 fitted
loosely on the cam shaft. Al, and on the same shaft and loosely mounted is the
ratchet wheel A3, from the face of which projects a number of lugs placed eccen-
trically around the face of the said ratchet wheel, these pass between two lugs
projecting from the swivel lever A4 which is connected by a stud to the nosebit

page_text: lever A2. The catch lever B is mounted on a stationary stud supported from the
framing of the machine, and is so acted upon by a swell or projection on the swivel
lever A4 that with each rotation of the heart or cam the swell of the lever A4 is
brought into contact with the reverse end of the catch lever B, the hooked end
will thus be moved and come in contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel before
mentioned, until the swell on the end of the swivel lever releases the catch, which
is then withdrawn from the teeth of the ratchet wheel by the spring attached to
the catch lever B. By these means the ratchet wheel will have been detained to the
extent of one tooth when it again revolves with the cam or heart aforesaid, and is
held or retained in position by the slide bracket and spring Bl. By these means the
nose bit will be constantly varied, whereby the lifting and lowering action will
vary and change the point at which the yarn reaches and starts from the apex of
the cone.
Figures 2 and 3 represent the means whereby the third part of our Invention
may be brought into practise. In this arrangement we use the ring and traveller C
which formed the subject matter of a previous Patent granted to the said Edward
Slater, dated the Twenty ninth day of October, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy eight. We also use an hollow spindle C1 which is placed upon a stationary
spindle secured with the boss C2 to the spindle rail C3; a friction collar C4 having
two prongs rests upon the flange of the hollow spindle C1; the said prongs are
made to slide up and down in slots on each side of the boss C2; the ends of the
prongs are connected by a cross piece C5; from the centre of this is suspended the
rod D which passes through holes in the centre of the weights D1 terminating
with an adjustable nut on the underside of the said weights; while the yarn is
being wound upon the spindle at the apex of the cone the weights rest upon the
rail A2, but with the lifting action of the spindle rail C3 the weights will be lifted
one after the other, thereby imparting increased friction or resistance to the flange
of the hollow spindle Cl which is dragged round by the traction of the yarn, thus
an even tension is maintained throughout the building up of the cop. The spindle
rail besides the lifting and lowering action to form the cone of the cop has a
gradual downward movement with the formation of the cop similar to that of
other ring spinning machines.
The mechanism seen in Figure 3, Sheet 2, is provided for the purpose of lowering
the rail D2 by means of the inclined brackets El, which at the commencement of
the cop are moved forward lengthwise of the frame by the action of a spring or
weight until the rail D2 is forced up the inclined brackets to the height required.
The gradual lowering action of the stem E of the spindle rail draws the slide
bar F backward by pulling the chain F1 over the pulley and cam F2, the catch F3
retains the slide bar F by teeth formed in the said bar, the chain F1 being left
sufficiently slack to allow the free action of the spindle rail in forming the cone of
the cop.
The fourth part of our Invention is represented by Figures 4 and 5. In the
arrangement shewn in Figure 4 we use a similar hollow spindle C1 and traveller C
as in Figure 2, Sheet 1. The aforesaid flange resting upon the collar of the
revolving spindle G, the required friction being obtained by the variable weight
lever G1 which rests upon the flange of the hollow spindle by a friction collar G2.
The centre or fulcrum of the weighted lever Gl is constantly varied by the back-
ward and forward action of a rail G3 placed lengthwise of the frame, and secured
to a bell cranked lever H mounted on studs H1 projecting from brackets fixed to the
lifting rail H2. One end of the bell cranked lever H bears against a stop-piece H3,
which is gradually lowered with the increased formation of the cop, and similarly
actuated, as shewn in Figure 3, so that with the lifting and lowering action to form
the cone of the cop the studs H1 will be raised or lowered, thereby giving a back-
ward and forward motion to the rod G3 forming the centre or fulcrum of the
weighted levers. The traveller and revolving spindle are driven by the continuous
band or cord I, so 'that the revolving and hollow spindles may revolve together

page_text: when winding on the yarn at the apex of the cone aforesaid, but when the yarn is
being wound upon the increased diameter of the cone the hollow spindle C1 will
be retarded in its forward movement, accommodating itself to the quantity of yarn
delivered from the draw rollers. The long collar J of the revolving spindle allows
the continuous cord I to adjust itself during the rising and falling of the spindle.
In the arrangement Figure 5 we place the traveller C on the revolving frictional
surface of the wharle J1 which is driven with the spindle G by the continuous band
or cord I, so that as the yarn is wound at the apex of the cone the traveller revolves
with the wharle, but is retarted when wound on an increased diameter accom-
modating itself to the quantity of yarn delivered from the draw rollers.
་
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention and
in what manner the same is or may be performed, we declare that what. we
claim is,-
First. The adjustable nose bit, for purposes herein set forth.
Second. The combination of hollow spindle and apparatus for supplying oil
thereto.
Third. The application of a varying self adjusting weighted drag, used sub-
stantially as set forth.
Fourth. Placing the traveller, flyer, bobbin, or spindle on revolving frictional
surfaces, for purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert John Hurtley and Edward Slater,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty eighth day of February,
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
THOS. RICHMOND,
Patent Agent,
Burnley.
R. J. HURTLEY. (L.S.)
EP. SLATER. (L.S.)