IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING AND CLEANSING CLOTHES, TEXTILE MATERIALS OR WOVEN FABRICS, WASH- ING WOOL, AGITATING OR BLENDING LIQUIDS, CHURNING, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Green, of Leeds, in the County of York, Iron-
founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING
AND CLEANSING CLOTHES, TEXTILE MATERIALS OR WOVEN FABRICS, WASH-
ING WOOL, AGITATING OR BLENDING LIQUIDS, CHURNING, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 25th June 1878, and dated the 8th January 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Green at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January 1878.
THOMAS GREEN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Ironfounder. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING AND CLEANSING CLOTHES, TEXTILE MATERIALS OR
WOVEN FABRICS, WASHING WOOL, AGITATING OR BLENDING LIQUIDS, CHURNING,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for washing and
cleansing clothes, textile materials or woven fabrics, washing wool, agatating or
blending liquids, churning, and for other purposes. For thes purposes the tub or
vessel which is to contain the materials to be operated on is mounted on a horizontal
stand, which is carried by a vertical axis, so that the stand with the tub or vessel
upon it can be revolved.
Above the top of the tub or vessel is a horizontal crank axis, carried in bearings
by the fixed framing. From the crank connecting rods pass downwards to a plunger
or pusher within the tub or vessel, and give to it a rising-and-falling motion when
the crank axis is rotated; or the rising-and-falling motion can be given to the
plunger or pusher in other ways from the revolving axis, as, for example, by
eccentrics or cams.
The crank axis is driven by a pinion upon it gearing into a toothed wheel on a
driving shaft. On this driving shaft is also a belt pulley, which by a driving belt
gives motion to the axis of a toothed wheel that gears with a ring of teeth on the

page_text: under side of the stand, so as to communicate a revolving motion to it and to the
tub or vessel. By these means the tub or vessel containing the materials to be
operated on is revolved at the same time that an up-and-down motion is given to
the plunger or pusher.
The plunger or pusher is of an oblong form, and has guide rods standing up from
it which pass through guides above the top of the tub or vessel. On the under side
it is formed with a wooden rim projecting downwards all around its edges.
At the bottom of the tub or vessel is a false bottom, fluted on its upper surface,
and the false bottom rests on india-rubber springs interposed between it and the
bottom of the tub or vessel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Green in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th July
1878.
THOMAS GREEN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Ironfounder.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING AND CLEANSING CLOTHES, TEXTILE MATERIALS OR
WOVEN FABRICS, WASHING WOOL, AGITATING OR BLENDING LIQUIDS, CHURNING,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for washing and
cleansing clothes, textile materials or woven fabrics, washing wool, agitating or
blending liquids, churning, and for other purposes. For these purposes the tub or
vessel which is to contain the materials to be operated on is mounted on a horizontal
stand, which is carried by a vertical axis, so that the stand with the tub or vessel
upon it can be revolved.
Above the top of the tub or vessel is a horizontal crank axis carried in bearings
by the fixed framing.. From the crank, connecting rods pass downwards to a
plunger or posser within the tub or vessel, and give to it a rising-and-falling motion
when the crank axis is rotated; or the rising-and-falling motion can be given to the
plunger or posser in other ways from the revolving axis, as, for example, by
eccentrics or cams.
The crank axis is driven by a pinion upon it gearing into a toothed wheel on a
driving shaft. On this driving shaft is also a belt pulley, which by a driving belt
gives motion to the axis of a toothed wheel that gears with a ring of teeth on the
under side of the stand, so as to communicate a revolving motion to it and to the
tub or vessel. By these means the tub or vessel containing the materials to be
operated on is revolved at the same time that an up-and-down motion is given to the
plunger or posser; or the tub or vessel may remain stationary whilst the plunger or
posser is worked with an up-and-down motion.
The plunger or posser of the apparatus, when for washing purposes, is preferably
of an oblong form, and has guide rods standing up from it which pass through
guides above the top of the tub or vessel. On the under side it is formed with a
wooden rim projecting downwards all around its edges.

page_text: At the bottom of the tab or vessel is a raise bottom, nuted on its upper surface,
and the false bottom rests on india-rubber springs interposed between it and the
bottom of the tub or vessel.
Figures 1, 2, and 3, of the annexed Drawings represent a washing machine
constructed as above described. On the top of the machine wringing or mangling
rollers are shewn to be mounted, but the machine may be constructed either with
or without these rollers.
Figure 1 is a side elevation; Figure 2 is a section; and Figure 3, a plan of the
machine. A, A, are the sides or framework; B is the crank shaft to which is
attached the posser or plunger C, which works vertically inside the tub D. It is
guided by the two guide rods E, E, This posser C is a sort of box having open
compartments on the under side, and is so constructed that the upward motion
forms a vacuum which causes the water to be drawn repeatedly through the clothes,
and the downward motion again forces it through them, thereby removing the dirt
and other matter from them without the operation of rubbing or scrubbing. The
dirt thus expelled falls to the bottom of the tub through the perforated false
bottom I, I.
The posser is connected to the crank shaft B by two connecting rods F, F, which
can be shortened or lengthened by the two set screws in the bosses H, H, on the
posser C. G is a cross stay which carries the guide rods E, E. The false bottom
I, I, is fastened to uprights or rests, which may be either studs or springs, or both,
and serve the purpose of keeping a space between the tub and the false bottom, so
that the dirty sediment collects there and does not mix with the clothes in washing.
K is a plug for letting out the sediment and dirty water. The tub D is secured to
the wheel L, which wheel is keyed on the vertical spindle M. It revolves in the
boss on the cross bracket N, and is driven by a belt O or other contrivance from the
crank shaft B. P is a clutch for putting the tub in or out of gear, so that it may
revolve or not, as may be required. Q is the fly or driving wheel, having a clutch
cast in the boss, which is so arranged that it will drive either the crank shaft B or
the wringing and mangling rollers R, R. S is the multiple gearing for driving
these rollers. T is a steel spring to give pressure to the rollers. U is a steam inlet
used for injecting steam for disinfecting purposes, as well as the heating of the water
or boiling the clothes. Cold water can also be injected through the tap V at the
same time; hot or cold water can be thus injected whilst the machine is in
motion.
Figures 4 and 5 represent a similar machine, suitable for churning or blending
liquids, or such like purposes. Figure 4 is a side elevation, and Figure 5 a sectional
elevation. A, A, is the framework; B is the tub, made of any suitable material,
with or without the outside casing C, forming a chamber D in which hot or cold
water can be introduced to regulate the temperature, and easily obtain the necessary
one for the milk or cream in churning; E is a vertical spindle carrying the posser or
plunger F; G is a sliding head sliding in the frame A, and carrying the vertical
spindle E to which the posser is attached. The connecting rods H, H, are also
attached to this sliding cross head, and are driven by crank pins on two disc wheels
I, I, on the driving shaft P; K is a plug or tap for letting out the buttermilk or
liquid, and K¹ a plug or tap for letting out water from the chamber D. The tub B
is secured to the wheel L, and this wheel is keyed to the vertical spindle M. The
spindle revolves in the boss on the bracket N. The wheel is driven as in the
machine first-described by a belt O, or other contrivance from the driving shaft. Q
is a crank handle for turning the driving shaft P.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I would have it understood that I claim,-
First. The combined arrangement of machinery for washing purposes, sub-
stantially as described.
Second. The combined arrangement of machinery for churning, blending liquids,
and other such-like purposes, substantially as described.

page_text: Third. The combined arrangement of horizontal revolving tub, and posser or
plunger working to and fro therein, with a vertical to-and-fro motion for washing and
cleansing clothes, textile materials or woven fabrics, washing wool, agitating or
blending liquids, churning, and for other such-like purposes.
Fourth. Forming the posser or plunger of the apparatus with chambers or recesses
on its under side, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Green, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
THO³. GREEN. (L.S.)