Improvements in Cameras, and in Fittings for the same.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th July, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 24th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 30th May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cameras, and in Fittings for the same.
1, ALBERT EDWARD SALT, of 65 Hatton Garden, London, E.C., Optician, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in connection with cameras of the kind
usually described as magazine, hand, or detective cameras, and has reference to the
manner in which I provide for the correct exposure and the manner of changing
the position of the plates carried within the camera case, and also for the meaus
employed for placing the plates after exposure away from the unexposed plates and
also for the method of indicating the number of the plate which has been exposed
out of the set carried within the camera case.
My invention allows for 24 plates to be carried in a hand camera of about the
same dimensions as those usually carrying 12, but the improvement I describe
applies also to larger cameras capable of carrying a much greater number of
plates.
Another part of my invention has reference to the improved sheath, or plate-
holder in which I hold the plate or glass.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a camera to carry a
number of plates, 1 mount a spindle within the case or camera box, which I allow
to run across the same, having at its outer ends geared or toothed wheels which are
revolved when the projecting knob or handle carried upon the end of the spindle
on the exterior of the camera case is turned. I make the gear wheels or chain
wheels which are fixed upon the spindle to work preferable within recesses formed
within the sides of the camera-case, and I give motion by means of gearing or by a
chain to a second wheel carried also within the casing, this wheel having teeth
upon it to enable a pitch chain to work around it; thus at each inner side of
the camera case I provide two teethed pitch chain wheels and drive the one
from the other by means of a length of pitch chain forming an endless band carried
at each side of the casing. Upon each of the endless bands I provide two springs
which serve the purpose of carriers for removing the plates, these springs moving
with the chains and placed opposite to each other, so that for every revolution of
the chain wheel two carrying springs are brought into position for moving a plate.
When desired I may vary the number of springs carried and thus the number of
plates which are to be moved during any revolution of the wheels. I arrange a
system of linkage upon one wheel so that the movement of the wheel shall cause
the linkage to move in a peculiar manner giving a rocking motion to the plate
carrying frame or magazine holding bars upon which the plates are suspended.
I proportion the linkage which is worked from the lower wheel in each case in
such a manner that the rocking motion carries forward the plates so that they may
be in a position to be taken one at a time after exposure and removed by the
movement of the wheels and placed behind the store of plates carried upon the
frame. I accomplish this in one convenient manner by making my frame, which
has a rocking motion, with a top guide bar upon which projecting pius on my plate
sheaths can rest, and I provide a bottom plate or guide bar also carried upon the
rocking frame which receives the corresponding projecting guide pins from the plate
sheaths and holds the sheath with its plate from being lifted upwards. Thus the
plate is free to slide upon the four pins two of which rest upon the upper side of
the top member of the rocking frame while the bottom pair rest or bear against the
underside of the lower member of the rocking frame, and the frame I proportion
and form in such a way that there is an opening for the lower guide pins to be

page_text: moved away from the lower carrying bar and so to permit of the plate being
lifted through the guide opening and carried by the spring holding bars away from
the front or exposed position and placed in a reverse direction at the back of the
store of plates.
I make my carrying springs which travel with the chain to lay hold of or
engage with the guide pins of the plate sheath, the springs being formed with
suitable holes or arranged to engage with the projecting pins and to carry the
plate which is suspended therefrom, over the others to the back of the store of
plates.
I modify the arrangement of the spring carriers and the method of forming the
rocking frame to suit any size and form of plate which is to be carried.
I make my improved plate holder or plate sheath in the form of a metal or
other suitable material springing clip frame having its edges or ends turned over
to embrace the plate and having projecting bib pieces at the bottom to hold the
plate at one surface or edge and a corresponding projecting bib or bib pieces at the
upper edge to hold the plate at the upper surface or edge; and to remove the plate
from its frame or sheath I spring the bib piece or pieces back and thus bring them
out of contact with the edge of the plate.
My indicating arrangement I make by placing a dial or disc to revolve outside
the camera preferably the dial being covered by a disc which has only one opening.
The dial I make to revolve by means of an indicator or an index pointer hand
which engages with a tooth at every turn of the spindle and so turns round the dial
plate to show the number opposite the opening formed in the outer disc.
I make my
indicating dial to show double numbers or numbers which could not be correctly
or conveniently shown by one revolution of the dial plate, by placing a second plate
or disc within under or upon the first moving dial, and I make the second figure dial
ring to be turned one division for one complete revolution of the first dial ring or
disc; thus if the first dial ring indicates from nought to nine I make my second
dial disc to move forward and show the figure 1 against the opening and to remain
there until another complete revolution of the first dial has been made when I
cause it to be moved forward to indicate the figure 2 in the opening. I provide
for this movement in one convenient manner by making the first dial in the form of
an annular ring with teeth projecting therefrom into which the index pointer or
hand upon the handle spindle engages, the number of teeth corresponding with the
number of plates to be moved or exposed in one revolution of the dial. I place a
case or ring guard around the dial edge and I cause a spring which I attach to the
rim of the first dial to bear against the inner edge of the ring during the whole of
the revolution of the dial. The tail of this spring I carry through an opening or
slot in the edge of the face of the dial so that it may, when sufficiently depressed,
engage with the teeth like serrations which I form within the rim edge of the inner
or second dial, and I cause the necessary depression of the spring to be obtained
when one complete revolution has been made by the first dial by placing a
projecting block or trip bar at one position of the ring guard so that as the spring
is carried past it will be depressed and made to engage with and carry forward
the second dial a distance determined by the length of the projecting bar, after
which it springs back and leaves the second or inner dial stationary for the
remainder of the revolution. To keep the inner dial in position I employ a spring
catch having a pointer to enter holes formed in the surface of the dial.
Ι
I employ this improved indicating arrangement in connection with other cameras
constructed in the usual ordinary manner, and I do not limit the application of my
improved plate carrying sheath or frame to the improved magazine camera herein-
before described, but I employ the same system of sheath or plate carrying frame
to suit any ordinary form of camera.
נית
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Cameras, and in Fittings for the same.
1, ALBERT EDWARD SALT, Optician, 65 Hatton Garden, London E.C. do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in connection with cameras of the kind
usually described as magazine, hand or detective cameras, and has reference to the
manner in which I provide for the correct exposure, and the manner of changing
the position of the plates carried within the camera box, and also for the means
employed for placing the plates after exposure away from the unexposed plates, and
also for the method of indicating the number of the plate which has been exposed
out of the set carried within the camera box.
My invention allows for 24 plates to be carried in a hand camera of about the
same dimensions as those usually carrying 12, but the improvement I describe
applies also to larger cameras capable of carrying a much greater number of⚫
plates.
Another part of my invention has reference to the improved sheath, or plate-
holder, in which I hold the plate or glass.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of iny improved camera; Figure 2 is a plan, and
Figure 3 a sectional end elevation of the same.
Figure 4 is a side elevation showing the linkage in the forward position.
Figure 5 is an elevation of my dial, and actuating one tooth wheel.
Figures 6, 7, and are detail views of my sheath or frame for holding the
plate.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a camera to carry a
number of plates, I mount a spindle A within the case or camera box B, which I
allow to run across the same, having at its ends a al geared or toothed wheels C C¹,
which are revolved when the projecting knob or handle D carried upon the end of
the spindle on the exterior of the camera box is turned. I make the gear wheels
of chain wheels C C¹ which are fixed upon the spindle A to work preferably
within recesses b formed within the sides of the camera box, and I give motion by
means of gearing or by a chain or chains E E' to a second wheel F F' carried also
within the casing, these wheels F F having teeth upon them to enable the pitch
chain E E¹ to work around them; thus at each inner side of the camera box I
provide two teethed pitch chain wheels F F¹ and drive the one from the other by
means of a length of pitch chain forming an endless band E E¹ carried at each side
of the casing. Upon each of the endless bands 1 provide two springs G G¹ which
serve the purpose of carriers for removing the plates Z, these springs G G moving
with the chains and placed opposite to each other, so that for every revolution of
the chain wheel two carrying springs are brought into position for moving a plate.
When desired I may vary the number of springs carried and thus vary the number
of plates which are to be moved during any revolution of the wheels. I arrange a
system of linkage HK L M N upon or in connection with one wheel so that the
movement of the wheel F shall cause the linkage to move in a peculiar manner
giving a rocking motion to the plate carrying frame or magazine holding bars K
upon which the plates Z are suspended. I proportion the linkage which is worked
from the lower wheel in each case in such a manner that the rocking motion carries
forward the plates so that they may be in a position to be taken one at a time after
exposure, that is when in position Z, Figure 1, and removed by the movement of
the wheels and placed behind the store of plates carried upon the frame KL.
I accomplish this in one convenient manner by making my frame K L, which has

page_text: a rocking motion, with a top guide bar K, upon which projecting pins Z' on my
plate sheaths can rest, and I provide a bottom plate or guide bar M also carried
upon the rocking frame K L which receives the corresponding projecting guide
pins from the plate sheaths and holds the sheath with its plate from being
lifted upwards. Thus the plate is free to slide upon the four pins two of which
rest upon the upper side K of the top member of the rocking frame, while the
bottom pair rest or bear against the under side of the lower member M of the rocking
frame, and the frame I proportion and form in such a way that there is an opening
for the lower guide pins to be moved away from the lower carrying bar M, and so
to permit of the plate being lifted through the guide opening M₁ and carried by
the spring holding bars G G' away from the front or exposed position Z in
Figure 1, and placed in a reverse direction at the back of the store of plates, as
dotted Z in Figure 4. I make my carrying springs & G¹ which travel with the
chain to lay hold of or engage with the guide pins Z¹ of the plate sheath,
the springs being formed with suitable holes g or arranged to engage with
the projecting pins and to carry the plate which is suspended therefrom, over the
others as at Z³ to the back of the store of plates, the carrying pins being released
from the holding springs G G in passing the plates QQ.
I modify the arrangement of the spring carriers and the method of forming
the rocking frame to suit any size and form of plate which is to be carried.
I make my improved plate holder or plate sheath Y in the form of a metal or
other suitable material springing clip frame having its edges or ends turned over
to embrace the plate Z and having projecting bib pieces Y¹ Y at the bottom
to hold the plate at one surface or edge and a corresponding projecting bib
or bib pieces Y3 at the upper edge to hold the plate at the upper surface or
edge, and to remove the plate from its frame or sheath I spring the bib piece or
pieces Y or Y' Y2 back, and thus bring them out of contact with the edge of the
plate Z.
My indicating arrangement I make by placing a dial or disc to revolve
outside the camera preferably, the dial being covered by a disc or other form of
covering which has only one opening. The dial I make to revolve by means of an
indicator or an index pointer hand P which engages with a tooth O¹ at every turn
of the spindle A and so turns round the dial plate to show the number opposite the
opening formed in the outer disc or other covering.
I may also make my indicating dial to show double numbers or numbers which
could not be correctly or conveniently shown by one revolution of the dial plate,
by placing a second plate or disc within under or upon the first moving dial, and
I make the second figure dial ring to be turned one division for one complete
revolution of the first dial ring or disc; thus if the first dial ring indicates from
nought to nine, I make my second dial disc to move forward and show the figure 1
against the opening, and to remain there until another complete revolution of the
first dial has been made, when I cause it to be moved forward to indicate the
figure 2 in the opening. I provide for this movement in one convenient manner
by making the first dial in the form of an annular ring with teeth projecting
therefrom into which the index pointer or band upon the handle spindle engages,
the number of teeth corresponding with the number of plates to be moved or
exposed in one revolution of the dial. I place a case or ring guard around the
dial edge, and I cause a spring which I attach to the rim of the first dial to
bear against the inner edge of the ring during the whole of the revolution of
the dial.
The tail of this spring I carry through an opening or slot in the edge of the face
of the dial so that it may, when sufficiently depressed, engage with the teeth like
serrations which I form within the rim edge of the inner or second dial, and I cause
the necessary depression of the spring to be obtained when one complete revolution
has been made by the first dial by placing a projecting block or trip bar at one
position of the ring guard, so that as the spring is carried past it will be depressed
and made to engage with and carry forward the second dial a distance determined

page_text: by the length of the projecting bar, after which it springs back and leaves the
second or inner dial stationary for the remainder of the revolution. To keep the
inner dial in position I employ a spring catch having a pointer to enter holes
formed in the surface of the dial.
•
I employ this improved indicating arrangement in connection with other cameras
constructed in the usual ordinary manner, and I do not limit the application of my
improved plate carrying sheath or frame to the improved magazine carrier herein-
before described, but I employ the same system of sheath or plate carrying frame
to suit any form of camera.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.-
1. The improvements in mechanism and fittings for photographic cameras
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and as illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
2. In a photographic camera the combination and arrangement of a pair of chain
or like wheels carried upon a manipulating spindle passing through the camera for
giving motion to travelling chains upon which are secured two or more spring
carriers for removing the plates from one position to another upon the plate holding
frame substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and as illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a photographic camera the use and arrangement of links or bars which,
when actuated from the rotating chain wheels, cause the frame or slide holders to
move or rock from one position to another substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. The construction of a plate holder or sheath for use in cameras, substantially
as herein before described and as illustrated in Figures 6, 7, and 8, of the
accompanying drawings.
DatcU
CHIC
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.