IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND ATTACHING KNOBS AND HANDLES OF DRAWERS AND DOORS, CUPBOARD TURNS, AND OTHER SUCH LIKE ARTICLES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Rock Day, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Machinist, and Joseph Lester Hinks, of Birmingham afore-
said, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING
AND ATTACHING KNOBS AND HANDLES OF DRAWERS AND DOORS, CUPBOARD
TURNS, AND OTHER SUCH LIKE ARTICLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Rock Day and
Joseph Lester Hlinks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 9th January 1857.
We, JOHN ROCK DAY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Machinist, and JOSEPH LESTER HINKS, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND ATTACHING KNOBS AND HANDLES OF DRAWERS AND
DOORS, CUPBOARD TURNS, AND OTHER SUCH LIKE ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
In attaching knobs to drawers, doors, or other surfaces we pass a screw from
the inside of the drawer or door through the said drawer or door, which said screw
takes into a concave screw in the knob. The said concave screw in the knob
is, however, not made in the knob itself, but is made and inserted in the said
knob in the following manner :-We take a cylindrical piece of metal, having
a screwed hole in one end passing a short distance down the axis of the
cylinder; a slit commencing at the other end of the cylinder passes along the

page_text: axis and opens into the screwed hole; the said cylinder is dropped into a
hole in the knob, the said hole widening towards the bottom. A small bar of
metal is forced down the hole in the metallic cylinder, and causes the slit end
to open or expand, and thereby prevent the withdrawal of the metal piece
from the knob. The screw by which the knob is attached to the drawer or
door takes into the screw in the said metal piece.
In applying our Invention to cupboard turns and other purposes, our said
Invention remains in all essential respects the same as herein-before described.
such alterations in details only being adopted as are necessary in applying it to
its various purposes. The metallic piece into which the screw takes may be
introduced by a hole in the front of the knob, which hole may be afterwards
plugged up; but we prefer the method first described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Rock Day and Joseph Lester Hinks in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN ROCK
DAY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Machinist, and JOSEPHI
LESTER HINKS, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said John
Rock Day and Joseph Lester Hinks, Her special licence that we, the said John
Rock Day and Joseph Lester Hinks, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Rock Day and Joseph Lester Hinks, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING AND ATTACHING
KNOBS AND HANDLES OF DRAWERS AND DOORS, CUPBOARD TURNS, AND OTHER
SUCH LIKE ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
John Rock Day and Joseph Lester Hinks, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be

page_text: performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Rock Day and Joseph Lester
Hinks, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of the improvements in constructing and attaching
knobs and handles of doors and drawers, cupboard turns, and other such like
articles, herein-after particularly described, and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Figure 1 represents, in horizontal section, a knob or handle constructed
and attached to a door, drawer, or other article, by one of the methods con-
stituting our Invention; and Figure 2 represents the knob or handle
unconnected with the door, drawer, or other article. a is the knob or handle,
made of wood, china, or other suitable material, which said knob is attached
to the door or drawer b by a screw c, shewn separately in elevation in Figure 3,
the said screw being passed from the inside of the door or other article through
a hole in the said door or article into the knob a, the said screw c engaging
with a concave screw d in the said knob. By screwing the screw c into the
knob a until the head c¹ of the said screw c bears against the door or other
article b, the said knob a will be firmly attached to the said door or article, and
the knob a cannot be disconnected from the door or other article until the
screw c has been turned and disengaged from the concave screw d in the knob.
The said concave screw d is made and fixed in the knob in the following
manner-We take a cylindrical or nearly cylindrical piece of metal e, shown
separately in elevation in Figure 4, having a screwed hole d in one end, the
said screwed hole passing a short distance down the axis of the metallic piece e.
The said metallic piece e is dropped into a hole ƒ made in the knob, the said
hole being undercut, or wider at the bottom than at the top, as represented.
A slit g is made in the axis of the metallic piece e, and the said slit opens into
the screwed end d. A small rod of metal is forced down the slit which
causes the slit end g¹ of the metallic piece e to open or expand and engage
under the edge of the widest part of the opening f in the knob, as will be under-
stood by an inspection of Figure 1. The metallic piece e is thereby prevented
from being withdrawn from the knob. The metallic piece e into which the
screw c takes may be introduced by a hole in the front of the knob or handle,
which hole, after the said piece e has been fixed in its place, may be plugged
or otherwise filled up; but we prefer the method first described.
9,

page_text: Figure 5 represents, in horizontal section, a knob or handle constructed and
attached to a door or drawer by another of the methods constituting our
Invention; and Figure 6 represents the knob or handle in plan. h is the
knob or handle, which said knob or handle is fixed to the door, drawer, or
other article by a screw i, being passed first through a hole in the axis of the
knob, and afterwards through a hole in the door or drawer, the screwed end of
the said screw i protruding a short distance on the inside of the door or drawer,
as represented. A nut k is screwed on the screw i, and effects the attachment
of the knob or handle to the door or other article. The recess in the knob
made for the reception of the head of the screw may, after the said screw has
been fixed in the knob, be plugged or otherwise filled up.
Figure 7 represents, in horizontal section, a cupboard turn constructed
and attached to a cupboard door according to our Invention; Figure 8
represents, in elevation, the said cupboard turn detached from the door; and
Figure 9 represents a plan of the same. m is the case of the turn fixed in the
door or door frame, through the hollow axis of which case the rod or axis n
passes. The bottom of the said rod or axis n is made into a screw o, as
represented, and the knob or handle p of the turn is screwed on the said
screw o. The upper end n¹ of the rod or axis n carries a tongue s, which said
tongue is pressed to the plate t by a helical or coiled spring u situated in the
case w.
The knob p is prevented from turning on the screw o by a pin or screw q
being passed through the neck of the knob, engaging in a slot 7 in the said
screw o. By turning the knob p, the tongue s has play of motion in the slota,
and slides between the plates t, t'. When the several parts of the turn are in
the positions represented in Figure 7 of the Drawing, the tongues of the turn
presses upon the inside of the door v, and the said door is prevented from
opening; but by turning the knob p, the said tongue s may be placed at
right angles to the position shewn in the Drawing, and the door will then be
at liberty to move. Instead of attaching the knob or handle p of the turn to
the rod or axis n, in the manner represented in Figure 7, the said knob or
handle may be attached to the rod or axis n by the method before described,
and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the Drawing.
The method of attaching knobs, represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, is
particularly applicable to attaching ornaments, and such other articles as may
require to be attached to surfaces, when the said ornaments and articles are
made of wood or other material not sufliciently strong to permit of an internal
screw being cut therein.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner of

page_text: carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not limit
ourselves to the precise details herein-before described and illustrated, as the
same may be varied without departing from the nature of our said Invention;
but we claim as our Invention,―
Firstly, the improvements in constructing and attaching knobs and handles
of doors and drawers herein-before described, and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3,
and 4 of the accompanying Drawing, and the application of the same to such
other articles as the same is or may be applicable to, that is to say, attaching
knobs, or handles, or such like articles to doors, drawers, or other articles by
passing a screw from the inside of the said door, drawer, or article through a
hole in the same, the said screw taking into a concave screw in the knob, the
said concave screw being inserted and fixed in the knob, in the manner herein-
before described, and represented in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly, attaching knobs or handles to doors or other articles by passing a
screw through the said knob, or handle and door, or other article, the said
screw being passed from the front of the knob, the protruding end of the screw
being fixed inside the door or other article by a screwed nut, as herein-
before described, and illustrated in Figures 5 and and 6 of the accompanying
Drawing.
Thirdly, constructing and attaching cupboard turns in the manner herein-
before described, and illustrated in Figures 7, 8, and 9 of the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Rock Day and Joseph Lester
Hinks, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventh day of
July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
seven.
0
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw.
JOHN ROCK DAY.
(L.S.)
JOSEPH LESTER HINKS. (L.S.)