AN IMPROVED MODE OF ECONOMISING FUEL AND CONSUMING SHORT"
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Dearman, of Chorlton-upon-Medlock, in
the County of Lancaster, Hot Water Apparatus Maker, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF ECONOMISING FUEL AND CONSUMING
SHORT"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Dearman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st January 1874.
I, RICHARD DEARMAN, of Chorlton-upon-Medlock, in the County of
Lancaster, Hot Water Apparatus Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF ECONOMISING FUEL AND CON-
SUMING SMOKE," to be as follows:-
The furnaces and fuel of steam hot water apparatus and other boilers
are arranged so that the fuel shall completely cover and touch round
every part of that portion of the furnace opening into the flue or
chimney. The fire-bars or surface upon which the fuel rests being the

page_text: bottom or lower part of the said opening, all other ways from the
furnace or ash-place into flue or chimney being closed by doors or other
appliances, thus compelling the draft supporting the combustion to pass
through the burning fuel to oxidise and more perfectly consume the
products of combustion, thereby increasing the heating power and
economising the fuel, decreasing the smoke and soot and giving the heat
generated direct to be absorbed by the contents of the boiler vessels,
coils, or tubes containing water, fluids, or materials to be made hot, and
enabling the waste heat to be better utilized in its progress to and up
the chimney to heat other boilers, vessels, coils, or tubes, or for other
purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Dearman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 30th July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
DEARMAN, of Chorlton-upon-Medlock, in the County of Lancaster, Hot
Water Apparatus Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Richard Dearman, Her special
licence that I, the said Richard Dearman, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard Dearman, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
MODE OF ECONOMISING FUEL AND CONSUMING SMOKE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Richard Dearman, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent

page_text: Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Dearman, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of my Invention consists in so constructing the furnaces
of hot water apparatus, evaporating pans, steam boilers, and other
furnaces that the fuel shall either completely or nearly completely close
that portion of the furnace opening into the flue or chimney, thus com-
pelling the draught and products of combustion to pass through or over
the burning fuel, whereby the heating power is increased, the fuel
economised, and the smoke consumed.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked
thereon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation in perspective of a tubular hot water apparatus
boiler for heating greenhouses and other buildings; Fig. 2 is a vertical
section; and Fig. 3 a transverse section of the same. a is the bottom
waterway and the top waterway, which are connected by the vertical
tubes c, c; the front tubes c are united below by a cross tube d or con-
nectors; e is the feeding orifice; and the door through which clinkers
are removed; all these parts are made as heretofore.
My improvements consist in connecting the top waterway 6 to the
back row of tubes c by the elbow pipes g; the spaces between the
pipes above the elbows are filled up, thereby forming a tubular
diaphragm, or in lieu thereof I also in some cases use a flat chamber
filled with water, forming a waterway. The fuel lies on the bottom water-
way a or on fire-bars until the lower part of the tubular diaphragm is
covered, consequently the draught and products of combustion must
pass through the incandescent fuel before they enter the space
between the tubular diaphragm and the back row of tubes C, thic upper
part of which space between the tubes c is open to the flue leading to
the chimney.
Fig. 4 represents a side section of my improved furnace as applied to
brine evaporating pans for the manufacture of salt; is the end of the

page_text: brine pan, in the manner and for the purpose described in reference
to Fig. 4.
Thirdly. The application of the depression /¹ to brine pans and steam
boilers, as shewn and described in reference to Fig. 5.
Fourthly. The application of the fire-brick, iron, or tile arch, or
other equivalent to the furnaces of brine pans, as shewn and described
in reference to Fig. 6.
And, lastly. The improved furnace for drying, baking, and cooking, as
shewn and described in reference to Fig. 7.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Dearman, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
RICHARD DEARMAN. (L.S.)¯