IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO APPARATUS FOR AIR FILTERING OR DUST COLLECTING APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATIONSO FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FARINACEOUS MATTERS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Saudner Brandstaetter of Liverpool in the county
of Lancaster for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO
APPARATUS FOR AIR FILTERING OR DUST COLLECTING APPLICABLE ALSO FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Saudner Brandstaetter
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1882.
JOHN SAUDNER BRANDSTAETTER of Liverpool in the county of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO APPARATUS FOR AIR FILTERING OR DUST
COLLECTING APPLICABLE ALSO FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
FARINACEOUS MATTERS
"
This invention consists
1st In forming a chamber of an endless web of porous cloth blanket or other
suitable material running air tight between two parallel walls or side frames
2nd In actuating the endless band by means of driving chains attached to the
web which are made to adjust or tighten by sliding blocks and side screws on the
roller, to which said band is attached. These driving chains running on teeth or
toothed wheels on one or more of the rollers upon which the endless web revolves.
This is the principal point in the invention, as without these driving chains or
equivalent mechanism the invention would be a failure. If the band runs on the
rollers without the chains, one side gradually gets ahead of the other, creases then
form which increase the evil, until at length the cloth is stretched askew to such
an extent as to tear asunder.
3rd. In a brushing apparatus revolving against a vertical or inverted portion of
the travelling web.
4th. In a revolving shaft set with blocks in which laces are fixed by plates and
screws or their equivalent, and as the shaft revolves, the laces strike the web and
so knock off the dust.
5th. In an outside frame with hopper or hoppers below to catch the dust.
6th. In a tray or trough placed inside the chamber beside the web at a point
below where the outside of the web is brushed or thrashed by the laces, to catch
any flour or dust that goes through.

page_text: 7th. To assist the brushes and to give more surface to the web in a given space
in ordinary dust collecting I cause the web to zigzag between rollers on the outside
and inside and placed in such manner that one or more long narrow arms of the
chamber formed by these zigzags shall debouch into the main part of the chamber
immediately opposite where the brushes work on the web.
8th. That part of the outside of the web upon which the brushes or laces act
I isolate from the air to be purified by partitions and rubbers or doctors so that
the dust shall be free to fall and not be pressed against the web by currents
of air.
9th. When using the web for middlings purifying I arrange it by preference in
a long horizontal rectangle by means of four rollers two at each end and arrange
the cleaning brushes one at each end. The top web and chain are however
preferably supported by one or more intermediate rollers. In using the invention
the dusty air passes through the web into the chamber, passing out through holes
in the side frame purified, being sucked out or forced in or both. (That is a fan
blast an exhaust or both can be used). The dust remains on the outside of the
web and as it comes to the brushes is brushed off and falls into the hopper.
Some however falls off into the hopper below the air purifying space. The
apparatus is useful for cleaning dust laden air generally, for middlings purifiers,
and for millstone exhausts.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Saudner Brandstaetter in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th November 1882.
JOHN SAUDNER BRANDSTAETTER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
" IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO APPARATUS FOR AIR FILTERING OR DUST
COLLECTING, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
FARINACEOUS MATTERS";-
"
In apparatus for filtering air at present in use it is found that after a time the
pores of the filter become stopped up notwithstanding the hammers or beaters
employed to knock the dust out and keep them open.
This arises from two causes 1st in most machines the filtering surface is constantly
exposed to the air to be filtered, 2nd it is spread tight and always in the same
shape so that the relative position of a piece of dirt to the fibres always remains
the same and having once got stuck beyond the power of mere concussion on the
frame to remove it, it remains tight. Now my invention is designed to overcome
this evil and is best described by aid of the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is an end elevation and Fig. 2 a side elevation of my apparatus. In these
A is a chamber into which the dusty air is adınitted, built of wood metal or other
suitable material with two smooth parallel sides B, C. The sides are cut away at
the part opposite to the inside of the filtering cloth hereafter described, D is a

page_text: hopper placed below, E is another chamber separated from the chamber A by the
filtering cloth F hereafter described and by partitioning G shown i. dotted lines
and the rubber, leather, or other dust tight partitions H. F is an endless web of
filtering material shown in dotted lines and fastened to two driving chains I. I.
G, H partitions forming chamber E the parts of which abutting on the web must
be of soft elastic nature such as rubber. II are two driving chains formed of links
fitting on teeth of wheels J on the rollers. The links of these driving chains are
preferably made with a projecting lug Y shown clearly in enlarged view Fig. 3 to
which the travelling web is sewn riveted or otherwise attached. Without these
chains working synchronously with each other or equivalent mechanism the
apparatus would not work as the web would gradually get more advanced on one
side than the other, this would produce wrinkles or doubles in the cloth which by
increasing the diameter of the roller and cloth combined at that point would
increase the evil until the cloth would be torn asunder. The chains however
carrying the cloth and running absolutely synchronously with each other prevent
this and cause the cloth to run on the rollers perfectly evenly. I prefer making the
chain wheels say of an inch larger than the diameter of the roller. This will
prevent the chain from riding on the roller and thus cutting the cloth and doing
damage to itself. And also the chain by this means will be less liable to be knocked
off by the roller. It will be obvious that a mechanical equivalent of these chains
and toothed wheels could be used such as belts with slats, ridges, knobs, or buttons,
spaced at intervals fitting into grooves or cavities in the rollers or wheels upon
which they run. J are wheels on roller shafts. L L L L³ are rollers inside the
filter round which the cloth travels, one of these L is in sliding bearings that can
be adjusted by a screw and thus the slack end be taken up. M M¹ M2 are exterior
rollers placed so as to cause the cloth to follow a tortuous course and thus have
more extent. The number of rollers L and M are indefinite and can be varied at
pleasure the particular arrangement here shown has however special advantages as
will be described further on. N is the driving shaft, K roller shaft driven froin the
driving shaft N by gearing P. Qis a long rotary brush driven by belt Q¹ from
shaft N. R are blocks on shaft N to which a series of laces are attached which as
they revolve fly out and strike the web as it revolves past them. S is the framing.
V is a tray in which there is a worm Y¹ driven from roller L' by spur wheels Ō.
This tray is so placed as to catch any flour or dirt that may be forced through the
cloth by the laces or brush. W is the belt pulley driving the machine. ✗ is a
roller formed with cups or grooves in its periphery placed in a trough in the bottom
of the hopper D to prevent a current of air passing up through the hopper and
carrying the dust back to the cloth of the filter. The dust or dirt falls into the
grooves d in the roller X and is emptied out at the underside at each revolution of
the roller. The hopper and spout which convey the separated dust or dirt may be
so arranged as to be run automatically along with the run of stuff in the Mill.
The mode of action is as follows. The dusty air either driven or exhausted or
both through the apparatus enters chamber A in any convenient manner and passes
through revolving cloth F leaving its dust or stive on the outer surface of said
cloth. It escapes purified through the openings in the sides of the chamber which
are placed opposite the interior of the cloth.
The cloth would soon get choked up but passing round the various rollers part
of the dust is loosened and falls off into hopper D. The remainder after passing
the partition or scraper H running in the direction of the arrow is brushed off or
loosened by the brush and the loosened dirt not brushed off is detached by the
laces in blocks R and falls into the hopper and is assisted by the blow of the wind
which acts on the cloth from the under side.
The brush and laces however knock some of the heavier or more solid matters
through the cloth and these fall down into the tray V. This falling is assisted by
the arrangement or shape of the revolving web shown in the drawings in which
there is large open space above the tray, one narrow space only formed by the
tortuous course of the cloth over the rollers is shown but there may be two or

page_text: more such spaces formed all radiating to this point. In practice I prefer to run
my web at about 40 feet a minute or for the web shown in the drawing with a
periphery of about 14 feet 170 revolutions per hour. The brush has preferably a
speed of about 280 revolutions per minute and the lace blocks 325 with a brush of
ten inches in diameter such as shown a peripheral speed of about 700 feet a minute
is attained.
Having now described my invention and the best form to which I have brought
it I wish it to be understood that what I claim as my invention under the
Letters Patent is :
1st The manufacture and use of apparatus for air filtering or dust collecting or
for other purposes in the manufacture of farinaceous matters, consisting of a
chamber whose top bottom and all the sides perpendicular to one plane are formed
of an endless band so travelling on rollers that the two edges of the band are
obliged by mechanism to travel at the same speed, substantially as described.
2nd The endless filtering band passing over rollers in such manner that it shall
wind in and out and so expose a large surface in a small space for the purposes
described.
3rd The general arrangement and construction of apparatus substantially as
herein described no part or combination of any two or three parts being here
claimed separately or when used for another purpose but only when combined
with others to form a complete machine for the purposes described.
4th The combination of the band and driving chain substantially as and for the
purposes described
In witness whereof I the said John Saudner Brandstaetter have hereunto
set my hand and seal this 17th day of November in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
JOHN SAUDNER BRANDSTAETTER. (L.S.)
Witness
WM P. THOMPSON
Patent Agent
Liverpool & London