IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSET APPARATUS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR PREVENTING THE IMPROPER OR INJURIOUS ESCAPE OF NOXIOUS GASES OR EFFLUVIA, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO LAVATORIES, BATHS, URINALS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSET APPARATUS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR
PREVENTING THE IMPROPER OR INJURIOUS ESCAPE OF NOXIOUS GASES OR
EFFLUVIA, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO LAVATORIES,
BATHS, URINALS, AND THE LIKE." A communication from abroad by
Abraham Edwards, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Gentleman.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1881.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER CLOSET APPARATUS,
CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR PREVENTING THE IMPROPER OR INJURIOUS ESCAPE OF
NOXIOUS GASES OR EFFLUVIA, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
LAVATORIES, BATHS, URINALS, AND THE LIKE." [A communication from abroad
by Abraham Edwards, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Gentleman.]
This Invention relates to further improvements in the apparatus described in the
Specification of former Letters Patent dated 6th October, A.D. 1879, No. 4037, and
has for its object to prevent the admission into dwellinghouses of gases generated
by or of smells proceeding from fecal or excrementitious matter lodged in or
adhering to the bowls of water closets, the means provided therefor serving also
to exclude sewer and other gases which might arise through the waste pipes or from
the traps of such closets.
Another object of the said Invention is to provide means for preventing the
passage of sewer and other gases through the waste pipes of wash-basins, urinals,
lavatories, and similar fixtures. In the Specification of former Letters Patent above
referred to there is shown a mercury or rubber seal located below the bowl of a
water closet and a sliding pipe forming a conduit between said bowl and the water-
trap or discharge pipe. The devices described in the Specification of the said former

page_text: Patent effectually preclude the admission to the apartment in which the closet may
be located of all sewer or other gases or smells generated or proceeding from below
the bowl. But it has been found by experience that fecal or excrementitious
matter will lodge in or adhere to the sides of the bowl despite copious flushing, and
that such matter will generate offensive and injurious gases and smells which
escape into the surrounding apartment. I obviate this difficulty by making the
bowl movable below the seal, so that when the closet is not in use the seal shall be
above all the other parts excepting the seat and lid, the bowl being drawn up to the
seat when the latter is occupied.
My present Invention further relates to the construction of the bowl with an
extension or neck which forms a conduit from the bowl proper to the trap or
discharge pipe below when the former is raised for use, said neck extending down
into the trap or discharge pipe when the bowl is lowered beneath the seal cap.
This extension, which takes the place as a conduit of the sliding pipe shown in the
Specification of the aforesaid Letters Patent, is cast or formed in one piece with the
bowl and enamelled like the latter, thus preventing oxidation and securing a smooth
surface for such conduit as well as avoiding a joint between it and the bowl.
Serious trouble has heretofore been encountered in the use of valves of water
closets that are located outside of the bowls and out of communication with the
discharge pipes, such valves not unfrequently leaking, and the drip therefrom
having no proper egress, flowing over the floor of the apartment or through the
ceiling below. The present Invention includes means for obviating this difficulty
by catching the drip from the valve and conveying the same to the discharge pipe
of the closet. Some objection has been made to mercury traps on account of loss
and danger from evaporation, and my present Invention includes means for
preventing such evaporation by keeping the mercury covered with water.
In carrying my Invention into practice I place upon the floor of an apartment in
which there is to be located a watercloset an upright framing with a seat. An
ordinary trap is located below the floor of said apartment, a metallic section or
chamber is flanged, bolted to, or set in the trap; said section is of a capacity or area
sufficient to receive the bowl of a water closet, and in plan is conformable to the
shape of the mouth of said bowl. It has around its upper edge an endless trough
or channel designed to hold mercury, or a rubber strip or piece of tubing. A cap
hinged to the said section has a flange or edge adapted to enter the trough, and by
submergence in the mercury or indentation of the rubber therein to form a tight
joint or seal; said cap has also segmental cogged arms. The bowl is formed with
an extension or neck which extends down through the aforesaid section, and when
said bowl is lowered this extension enters the trap. Said neck has vertical ribs
with teeth or openings which mesh with the cogs of the segment arms above referred
to.
The bowl when not in use rests below the hinged cap, and therefore any gases
or smells which may proceed from fecal or other matter lodged in or adhering to it
from previous use will be prevented from escaping into the surrounding apartment
and will be carried off by the ventilating pipe.
When it is desired to use the closet the bowl is drawn up until its top edge
meets the seat. This is effected by raising the seat lid, said lid having a rod
connection with a winch on a shaft which is geared with another shaft. The latter
shaft is the pintle of the seal cap. As the working space ordinarily is rather limited
vertically, and as the width of the cap (which conforms to the oval shape of the
bowl) is less than its length from front to back, it follows that it will be more
advantageous to cause the hinged seal cap to turn up to one side of the bowl rather
than to the back of it. To permit this and at the same time to allow the seat lid
to lift back in the usual manner, and in so doing to raise the cap and bowl, is the
object of the counter shafting.
On lowering the seat lid the bowl moves down in the section and the seal cap
closes over it forming a seal or joint which prevents the escape of all gases and
smells from said bowl or below it into the surrounding apartment.
On the section is formed a drip cup which receives the drip from the flushing

page_text: valve. When the seal cap is raised the drip accumulations above the mercury
flow into the section. By this means mercury if employed as the sealing
medium of the joint is kept constantly covered by water, thus preventing its
evaporation.
The pipe for supplying water for flushing and cleansing the bowl is stationary
and affixed to the under side of the seat, its outlet being so arranged as to discharge
into the bowl when the latter is raised and produce a circular or swirling current
therein.
In lieu of the sliding bowl I may in some cases substitute a cap which fits over a
stationary bowl sealing in a mercury trough on the upper edge thereof or forming
a tight joint therewith. In such cases the bowl of a water closet is formed with
an annular or endless trough or channel around its upper edge designed for the
reception of mercury or other fluid substance to form a seal, or of a rubber ring or
other material to form a packing or elastic valve seat. A cap fits over the top of
the bowl and has a continuous flange or rib adapted and designed to enter the
trough and dip into the mercury or other fluid therein, or to press into the rubber
or other packing and form a seal or perfectly tight joint which will prevent the
escape of gases or effluvia from the bowl or any of the conduits below the latter ;
said bowl is designed to be uncovered by a compound movement of the cap, the
latter being lifted vertically to permit the flange to clear the trough and then swung
laterally. Various mechanical appliances may be employed for this purpose, the
following being very suitable for the purpose:-
I provide a casting in the form of a bracket secured by screws to the side of the
bowl; said bracket affords bearings to a vertical shaft and to a counter or horizontal
shaft. At its upper end the vertical shaft is fastened to the cap, so that both said cap
and shaft shall move together. At its lower end the said shaft has fastened to it an
arm carrying a toothed segment. The horizontal shaft has at one end a rock arm or
lever, and at its opposite end a toothed segment which gears with the segment on
the vertical shaft and communicates motion to the latter and to the vertical shaft
when the horizontal shaft is rocked. The latter also carries a cam which may be
separate from the segment thereon or integral with the latter if desired. The
vertical shaft is supported on the periphery of the said cam, so that when the
horizontal shaft is rocked the vertical shaft will be caused to slide in its bearings;
the hinged lid of the water closet seat has a rod attached thereto and forming a
connection with the lever on the horizontal shaft. The movement of the cap is
effected by simply lifting the hinged seat lid, the reverse movement or return or
the cap to its position as a cover to the bowl being accomplished by closing of
letting down the said lid. To afford room for the cap to one side of the bowl
within the closet casing said bowl is designed to be of an oval or approximate
shape and the cap of corresponding contour. The "hole" or opening in the casing
seat should be of less diameter than the top of the bowl, said seat thus forming a
covering or shed for the mercury trough when the cap is swung off, said trough
thereby protecting the contents of the latter from contact with person or clothing
or from being fouled by accident or carelessness. The bowl may be enamelled, or
it may be cast with lugs to afford supports for a porcelain bowl to be fitted therein
if desired.
A further modification I construct as follows:-There is a bowl and a container,
the latter being formed with a depending flange. A disc is secured to a vertical
shaft, and formed with a mercury trough into which the flange of the container
dips. I also provide a slotted segmental arm, in the slot of which a pin or roller
sustained on a bell crank lever has movement. Said arm is secured to the seat,
and the bell crank lever is secured to the said vertical shaft by a swivel connection.
A pin on the lower end of the shaft enters a spiral groove in a fixed collar. When
the lid is lifted the vertical shaft is depressed by the bell crank lever, and then
caused to rotate by the movement of the pin in the spiral groove. The effect is to
lower the disc secured on said shaft so as to cause the trough to clear or move
below the flange on the container, said disc being then swung laterally out of

page_text: line with the throat of the bowl to leave an unobstructed passage from the latter
to the trap below. Lowering the seat effects a reverse movement, and restores the
disc to its position. In such position any drip from the bowl will form a water
seal inside of the mercury seal. The means employed for swinging the disc may,
by a very slight modification, be employed for securing the movement of the cap in
the construction previously described. A further modification is designed for use
in connection with wasb-basins, urinals, lavatories, and other fixtures from which
fluids only are designed usually to pass, and is carried into effect as follows, viz. :-
In a trap having an induction pipe and an eduction pipe there is a trough or
valve seat, and a cap is hinged to one side of the latter, and has a flange which is
designed to seal in mercury in said trough, or to form a tight joint with a packing.
placed therein. Fluid accumulating in the induction pipe will lift the cap and find
its exit through the other pipe. When the discharge has been effected the cap
will fall back into its normal position and form a seal or tight joint with the
mercury or packing in the trough. To prevent siphoning of the trap, the eduction
pipe should be of greater capacity than the induction pipe.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th September 1881.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSET APPARATUS,
CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR PREVENTING THE IMPROPER OR INJURIOUS ESCAPE OF
NOXIOUS GASES OR EFFLUVIA, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
LAVATORIES, BATHS, URINALS, and the like” A communication from abroad by
Abraham Edwards, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Gentleman.
This Invention relates to further improvements in the apparatus described in
the Specification of former Letters Patent, dated October 6th, A.D. 1879, No. 4037,
and has for one object the prevention of the admission into dwelling houses of gases
generated by or of smells proceeding' from fecal or exerementitious matter lodged
in or adhering to the pans or bowls of water closets, the means provided therefor
serving also to exclude sewer and other gases which might arise through the waste
pipes or from the traps of such closets.
Another object of the said Invention is to provide means for preventing the
passage of sewer and other gases through the waste pipes of wash-basins, urinals,
lavatories, and similar fixtures.
In the Specification of former Letters Patent above referred to there is shown a
mercury or india rubber seal located below the bowl of a water closet, and a sliding
pipe forming a conduit between the said bowl and the water-trap or discharge-pipe.
The devices described in the Specification of the said former Letters Patent
effectually prevent the admission to the apartment in which the closet may be
located of all sewer or other gases or smells generated or proceeding from below the
bowl, but it has been found by experience that fecal or excrementitious matter will
lodge in or adhere to the sides of the said bowl, despite copious flushing, and that
such matter will generate offensive and injurious gases and smells which escape
into the surrounding apartment. I obviate this difficulty by making the bowl
movable below the seal, so that when the closet is not in use the seal shall be
above all the other parts, excepting the seat and lid, the bowl being drawn up to
the seat when the latter is occupied.
My present Invention further relates to the construction of the pan or bowl with
an extension or neck which forms a conduit from the bowl proper to the trap or
discharge pipe below when the former is raised for use, the said neck extending
down into the said trap or discharge pipe when the bowl is lowered beneath the
seal cap. This extension, which takes the place as a conduit of the sliding pipe
shown in the Specification of the aforesaid Letters Patent, is cast or formed in one
piece with the bowl and enamelled like the latter, thus preventing oxidation, and
securing a smooth surface for such conduit, as well as avoiding a joint between it
and the bowl. Serious trouble has heretofore been encountered in the use of valves
of water closets which are located outside of the bowls, and out of communication
with the discharge pipes, such valves not unfrequently leaking, and the drip
therefrom having no proper egress, flows over the floor of the apartinent or through
the ceiling below. The present Invention includes means for obviating this difficulty
by catching the drip from the valve, and conveying the same to the discharge pipe
of the closet. Some objection has been made to mercury traps, because of loss and
danger from evaporation of the mercury, and my present Invention includes means
for preventing such evaporation by keeping the mercury covered with water which
drips from the said valve.
In the accompanying Drawings,-
יד
l

page_text: of my Invention relating to the employment of a vertically movable bowl, the
latter being shown in elevation, the said Figure illustrating by full lines the bowl
not in a position for use and down beneath the sealing cap, and by dotted lines the
same moved up to the water-closet seat framed in a position for use.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same partly in section.
Figure 3 is a plan or top view of the same with the sealing cap removed.
Figure 4 is a similar view with the sealing cap in position, showing also the
mechanism for oscillating the said cap.
Figure 5 is a vertical section partly in elevation of the seal-joint-trap for wash-
basins, bath-tubs, lavatories, and similar fixtures.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal vertical section partly in elevation of that part of my
Invention wherein the sealing cap is below the water-closet bowl.
Figure 7 is a detail plan or top view partly on and partly below the line 1, 1,
Figure 6, of the sealing cap and of its enclosing chamber or receptacle.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal vertical section partly in elevation of that part of my
Invention wherein the sealing cap is above the water-closet bowl and movable
laterally therefrom.
Figure 9 is a plan or top view of the same, and
Figures 10 and 11 are detail views of the mechanism for operating the sealing
cap illustrated in Figures 8 and 9.
A indicates the floor of an apartment in which there is located a water-closet.
A' is the upright framing of the said water-closet provided with a seat; A², A³, is
the ceiling below the floor A; B is an ordinary trap located between the said
ceiling and floor, and C is a metallic section or chamber flanged and bolted to or set
in the trap B, as shown at b. The said section is of a capacity or area sufficient to
receive the bowl of a water-closet, and in plan is conformable to the shape of the
mouth of the said bowl. Around its upper edge it has an endless trough or channel c
designed to hold mercury or an india rubber strip or piece of tubing. E is a cap
hinged to the said section C at c¹ and having a flange or edge e adapted to enter
the said trough c, and by submergence in the mercury or indentation of the india
rubber contained therein to form a tight joint or seal. The said cap has also
segmental toothed arms e¹, e¹; D represents the pan or bowl formed with an
extension or neck d which extends down through the section C, and when the
said bowl is lowered enters the trap B as shown. The said neck has vertical
ribs d', d, provided with teeth or openings d², d², which gear with the teeth of the
segments e¹, e¹. The bowl D when not in use rests below the cap E, and therefore
any gases or smells which may proceed from fecal or other matter lodged in or
adhering to it from previous use will be prevented from escaping into the
surrounding apartment and will be carried off by the ventilating pipe.
When it is desired to use the closet the bowl is drawn up until its top edge
meets the seat A². This is effected by raising the seat-lid A', the said lid having
a rod a connecting with the crank f on a shaft F, which is geared with a
counter-shaft E¹. The latter shaft is the pintle of the seal cap E. As the working
space between the ceiling A³ and seat A2 is rather limited vertically, and as the
width of the cap (which conforms to the oval shape of the bowl) is less than its
length from front to back, it follows that it will be more advantageous to cause the
cap E to turn up to one side of the bowl than to the back of it. To permit this
and at the same time to allow the seat-lid to lift back in the usual manner and in
so doing to raise the cap and bowl is the object of the counter shaft. On lowering
the seat lid the bowl moves down in the section C and the cap E closes over it,
forming a seal or joint, which prevents the escape of all gases and smells from the
said bowl or below it into the surrounding apartment.
On the section C is formed a drip cup C¹, which receives the drip from the
flushing valve G. When the cap E is raised the drip accumulations above the
mercury flow into section C. By this means mercury, if employed as the sealing
medium of the joint, is kept constantly covered by water, thus preventing its
evaporation. The pipe G₁ for supplying water for flushing and cleansing the bowl

page_text: is stationary and affixed to the under side of the seat A2, its outlet g being so
arranged as to discharge into the bowl when the latter is raised and produce a
circular or whirling current therein.
In Figures 8 and 9 I have shown a modification of the present Invention,
wherein in lieu of the sliding bowl I have substituted a cap, which fits over a
stationary bowl sealing in a mercury trough on the upper edge thereof or forming
a tight joint therewith. Referring to the said Figures, H represents the pan or
bowl of a water-closet formed with an annular or endless trough or channel h
around its upper edge designed for the reception of mercury or other fluid substance
to form a seal, or of an india-rubber ring or other material to form a packing or
elastic valve seat; I represents a cap, which fits over the top of the said bowl H
and has a continuous flange or rib i adapted and designed to enter the trough h
and dip into the mercury or other fluid therein or to press into the india-rubber or
other packing and form a seal or perfectly tight joint, which will prevent the
escape of gases or effluvia from the bowl or any of the conduits below the latter.
The said bowl is designed to be uncovered by a compound movement of the cap,
the latter being lifted vertically to permit the flange i to clear the trough h and
then swung laterally. Various mechanical appliances may be employed for this
purpose. Hence I do not confine my Invention to any particular one.
A very
convenient device is shown in Figures 8 to 11, which I will now proceed to
describe. J represents a casting in the form of a bracket secured by screws j to
the side of the bowl H. The said bracket affords bearings at j, j, to a vertical
shaft K and to a counter or horizontal shaft L. At its upper end the shaft K is
fastened to the cap I so that both the said cap and shaft shall move together. At
its lower end the shaft K has fastened to it an arm k carrying a toothed segment k¹.
The shaft L has at one end a rock arm or lever 1, and at its opposite end a toothed
segment, which gears with the segment k', and communicates motion to the
latter, and thus to the shaft K, when the said shaft L is rocked. The said shaft L
also carries a cam 1, which may be separate from the segment or integral
therewith, if desired. The shaft K is supported on the periphery of the cam 12,
so that when the shaft L is rocked the said shaft K will be caused to slide in its
bearings . M represents the hinged lid of the water closet seat; and m a rod
attached thereto, and forming a connection with the lever l. The operation of these
parts is a follows:-Normally the lid M being.down the cap I covers the bowl H,
and forms a tight joint therewith, effectually preventing the escape of all gases or
effluvia therefrom. When the lid M is raised the shaft L is caused to rock through
the medium of the rod m and lever ; this causes the cam 2 to lift the shaft K,
and with it the cap I. When the flange of the latter has cleared the top of the
bowl or risen wholly out of the trough h the segment l' comes into engagement
with the segment k¹, producing a rotation of the shaft K, and causing the cap I to
be swung clear off the bowl, leaving the latter completely uncovered. This move-
ment of the cap is effected by simply lifting the hinged seat-lid M, the reverse
movement or return of the cap to its position as a cover to the bowl being
accomplished by closing or letting down the said lid. To afford room for the cap
on one side of the bowl within the closet-casing the said bowl is designed to be of
an oval or approximately oval shape, and the cap of corresponding contour. The
"hole" or opening in the casing seat m³ should be of less diameter than the top of the
bowl H, the said seat thus forming a covering or shed for the mercury trough h
when the cap is swung off the said trough, thereby protecting the contents of the
latter from contact with persons or clothing, or from being fouled by accident or
carelessness. The bowl H may be enamelled, or it may be cast with lugs to afford
supports for a porcelain bowl to be fitted therein if desired.
A further modification of the present Invention is shown in Figures 6 and 7, in
which the seal is formed below the bowl. N represents the pan or bowl; and N¹ its
enclosing chamber or receptacle, the latter being formed with a depending flangen;
O is a disc secured to a vertical shaft o, and formed with a mercury trough o', into
which the flange n dips; P is a slotted segmental arm, in the slot of which a pin

page_text: or roller sustained, on a bell crank lever P' has movement.
The said arm is
secured to the seat Q, and the lever P¹, which has its fulcrum at p, is secured to
the shaft o by a swivel connection p¹. A pin o³ on the lower end of the said shaft
When the lid is lifted the shaft o is
enters a spiral groover in a fixed collar R.
depressed by the lever P', and then caused to rotate by the movement of the pin o³
in the spiral groove r.
The effect of this is to lower the disc O, so as to cause the
trough o' to clear or move below the flange n, the said disc being then swung
laterally out of line with the throat of the bowl, and to leave an unobstructed
passage from the latter to the trap below. Lowering the seats effects a reverse
movement, and restores the disc to the position as shown in the Drawings; in such
position any drip from the bowl will form a water-seal inside of the mercury-seal.
The means employed for swinging the disc O may by a very slight modification be
employed for securing the movement of the cap I in the construction previously
described.
In Figure 5 is shown a further modification designed for use in connection with
wash-basins, urinals, lavatories, and other fixtures from which fluids only are
designed usually to pass. S shows a trap having a induction pipe s, and an
eduction pipe s¹; t is a trough or valve seat in the said trap; and T, a cap hinged
to one side thereof at t¹, the latter having a flange t2, which is designed to be
sealed in mercury in the said trough, or to form a tight joint with a packing
placed therein. Fluid accumulating in sufficient quantity in the pipes will lift the
cap T, and find its exit through the pipe s¹. When the discharge has been effected
the cap will fall back into its normal position, and form a seal or tight joint with
the mercury or packing in the trough t. To prevent "siphoning" of the trap the
eduction pipe should be of greater capacity than the induction pipe.
+
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. In a water-closet a vertically movable pan or bowl, and means sub-
stantially as described for raising and lowering the same.
Second. In a water-closet a section C in combination with a vertically movable
pan or bowl, and a cap E which closes down over the said bowl when the latter is
lowered, and forms with the said section a seal or joint, substantially as above set
forth and for the purpose specified.
Third. In combination with a stationary section a vertically movable pan or
bowl D having a neck formed integral therewith, and serving as a connection or
conduit between the said section and bowl when the latter is elevated, as above
set forth.
Fourth. The combination of the section with the trough or channel c, the hinged
cap E with the segmental toothed arms, the vertically movable pan or bowl D
having a neck and ribs, and the seal lid A', substantially as shewn and described
for the purposes specified.
Fifth. In combination with the section and the pan or bowl D vertically
movable into and out of the same, the cap E hinged to one side of the said section
and its pintle or shaft E' placed parallel with the major axes of the said section and
bowl, substantially as shewn and described for the purpose specified.
Sixth. The section formed with a drip-cup in combination with the valve G,
substantially as shewn and described for the purpose specified.
Seventh. The combination with the section having the seal-cap E of the seat lid A
the rod a, the shaft F, and counter shaft E¹, substantially as shewn and described
for the purposes specified.
Eighth. The combination in a water-closet of a seat-lid and seal or joint-cap
constructed and arranged to lift or move relatively to each other, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
Ninth. The combination with a water-closet pan or bowl having on or around
its upper edge a trough for the reception of mercury or other fluid, or a packing
to form a valve seat, of a cap or valve designed and adapted to form a cover for

page_text: the said bowl and to be removed therefrom by being lifted and swung laterally,
substantially as shewn and described.
Tenth. The combination with a water closet pan or bowl having a fluid trough
or packing receptacle on or around its upper edge, of a cap or cover for the said
bowl having a flange or rib corresponding to the bowl-trough and adapted and
designed to enter the same, and means substantially as described for moving the
said cap vertically and swinging it laterally, as and for the purpose specified.
Eleventh. The combination with a water-closet pan or bowl having a fluid
trough or packing receptacle on or around its upper edge, of a seat having a hole'
of less diameters than the said bowl at its top, whereby the said seat forms a shed
for the said trough and a protector for its contents, substantially as shewn and
described.
"
"
Twelfth. In a water-closet a disc located below the pan or bowl thereof and
having on its upper side a trough or channel for the reception of mercury or other
sealing or packing fluid or medium, a depending flange adapted and designed to
enter the said trough or to indent packing contained therein, and means sub-
stantially as shewn and described for moving the said disc vertically and laterally
for the purposes specified.
Thirteenth. The combination of the seat Q, the slotted arm, the bell-crank lever,
the vertical shaft o having the pin o², the spirally grooved collar, and the dise or
cap O, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Fourteenth. The strap S having induction and eduction pipes 8, 81, and the
trought in combination with a cap T, designed and arranged substantially as
described to be lifted by the pressure of fluid in the induction pipe and to close
after discharge, substantially as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
W. ROB. LAKE. (L.S.)