IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGING AND SETTING UP TYPES FOR PRINTING
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
CLAY, of Cottingham, in the County of York, Gentleman, and FREDERICK
ROSENBORG, of Sculcoates, in the County of York, Gentlemen, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of March, in the fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Clay and Frederick Rosenborg, Her especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that we, the said John Clay and Frederick Rosenborg,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others as we, the said
John Clay and Frederick Rosenberg, our executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad,
and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, our Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ARRANGING AND SETTING UP TYPES FOR PRINTING;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging us, the said
John Clay and Frederick Rosenborg, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, particularly to
describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her

page_text: Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, wo, the snid
John Clay and Frederick Rosenborg, do hereby declare that the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following description
thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
Our improvements in arranging and setting up types for printing consists in
the construction and employment of peculiar combinations of mechanism
hereafter explained, the first of which is for arranging tho types, that is, per-
forming that operation commonly called "distributing" them, in a peculiar
manner, so that they are arranged for the second operation; the several letters
of any "composition, "after they have been used for printing, are separated and
arranged according to their several characters in distinct columns, ready for
insertion into the second or composing or setting-up conibination of mechanism
or 'machine, which second machine is also peculiarly constructed, as will bo
herein-after explained, and constitutes' our second improvement; and by means
of these improvements the several types are first arranged and then selected
and brought into lines, forining words' and sentences.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 represents a side clevation of the
arranging or distributing machine; Fig. 2, amend elevation of the samo; and
Fig. 3, a partial horizontal view, as seen from. above. A, A, A, are the
standards and framework supporting tho mechanism; B is the main horizontal
rotary shaft carrying a pulley. C, froin whence (passing over-guide-pullies
D, D) an endless band is conducted up to a pulley E; upon the end of another
horizontal shaft F, F, in front of the machine, and by means of which endless
band that shaft is made to revolve. Rotary motion may be given to the main
shaft B'by a winch or other means, and there is a fly wheel G fixed upon the
main shaft for regulating the motions. Fig.4 is n horizontal representation of
a portion of the top of the machine, as shown in Fig. 8, but drawn upon an
enlarged scale (that is, full size),'exhibiting the principal working parts. Fig. 5
is a view of part of the front of thio machine, as at Fig. 2, but also drawn full
size; Fig. 6 represents in vertical section a portion of the machino nicar 'the
pulley E, in Fig. 1; likewise drawn full size; and Fig. 7 is an elovation of the
back part of what we denominate the sliding fraine, scen extending horizontally
upon the top of the machine at F, HI, II, in Figs. 1, 2, 4; and 5. In order

page_text: to arrange or distribute, that is, select the types and place all those of one
letter or character in a distinct column or row, in its own particular groove of
the horizontal plato shewn at I, I, I, in Figures 3 and 4, we bring a page or
other convenient quantity of the types or matter from the printing press in a
galley, and place that galley in the machine, as at K, in Figs. 2 and 3. This
galley is supported by a bracket L'at the left-hand side of the machine, and is
made fast thereto by a pin passed through an ear fixed to the under part of
the galley. A small sliding piece or block a is brought up by hand against
the end of the page of types, for the purpose of keeping the types' together
and forcing them forward. At the front end of the galley there is affixed an
upright piece b, in which a sliding plate c works vertically; the under edge of
this sliding plate is covered with leather or some other soft substance to prevent
it from injuring the type. The end of the galley is shown in the two detached
Figures 8 and 9, with a portion of the apparatus called the sliding frame II
beneath; Fig. 8 being a front view of the upright b, and Fig. 9 a longitudinal
section of the same. A portion of the page of types to be distributed is
represented at d, in Fig. 9, and in Figs. 2 and 3. These types stand in lines,
as when in use on the table of the printing press; they are to be slidden
forward in the galley by pushing up the block a, in order to bring the lines of
types in succession over a long slot or opening e, (see Fig. 9,) which opening is
cut. across the bottom of the galley at its end, at which time the slider c must
be raised as in Figs. 8 and 9. The slider c being then depressed, the front
line of types will be forced down through the opening e, out of the galley and
into the groove of the sliding frame II, placed beneath to receive them. Here
the types are held and constantly pressed forward along the groove in the
frame II, by a small sliding pusher f. This pusher fis by a pin connected
to an endless chain g, attached to the periphery of a-pulley M, the axle of
which pulley is made fast to the inner end of a convolute spring contained
in the box N, affixed to the side of the sliding frame H. Hence it will be
perceived that by the power of the spring continually acting, the chain g will
be made to carry the pusher f forwards, and to force the types up against
a stop plate h, at the end of the groove of the sliding frame H. The
first type in the line will thus be brought immediately over one of the
apertures i, i, i, (Figures 3 and 4,) formed by vertical grooves in the face
of a horizontal plate P, P, P, fixed upon standards k, and extending. across
the machine transversely over the front part of the 'grooved plate I. This
plate P has two rebated ledges 1, 2, forming a groove in which the car-
riage m, m, of the frame II, containing the line of types, may be slidden
to and fro across the machine. For the convenience of moving this sliding

page_text: frame II on the plate P, a handle Q is affixed to the carriage, by which the
workmen shifts laterally the position of the sliding frame, for the purpose of
bringing the front type of the line held in the groove over any one of the
apertures i, as may be required. The form of these vertical grooves i, i, i, are
partially seen exposed to view in the perpendicular face or front of the plate I',
at Fig. 5; they are made wide at top to admit the type freely, but contracted
toward the lower part to nearly the size of the type, in order to conduct it
accurately to the bottom of the groove; and these grooves are severally cut to
different depths, according to the thickness of the bodies of the respective types
intended to be slidden down them. The grooves i are covered (except at their
lower parts) by a face plate n, n, as shewn in Figs. 2 and 5. The shaft F is
mounted in brackets affixed to the vertical part or front edge of the plate I,
and carries a series of cams or excentrics p, p, p, best seen in Figs. 5 and 6 ;
a different construction of which is shown at Fig. 6*; each of these cams
works in the lower or open part of one of the vertical grooves i, i, i, for the
purpose of pushing back any type that may have passed down its groove, and
for forcing the type into the horizontal groove of the plate I, which will be
best seen in Fig. 4, and in the detached section, Fig. 6. In front of the
machine a semi-cylindrical bar R, R, is affixed, which carries the axle of a
series of bent levers or keys 9, 9, 9, each of which koys has reference to a
certain letter or type, as marked thereon in Figures 3 and 4, and a rack or
notches cut in the said bar forms the guides in which these levers or keys
work. On the side, near the end of the carriage ma of the sliding frame, a
piccer is affixed, having a perpendicular descending arm; and to the front
end of this piece, against the descending arm, is appended a bent lover s,
hanging upon a fulcrum pin inserted therein, as seen best in Fig. 5; to tho
upper end of this bent lever a rod t is attached by a joint, and the reverse and
of this rod t is connected in a similar way to a horizontal slider u, acting at
the back of the stop plate h, as seen in Fig. 4; a little in advance of the picco
r, there is also affixed to the carriage m a stud, upon which is mounted a bent
lover v; the end of this lever v, as the carriage m, m, slides to and fro in the
groove of the plate P, P, works upon the upper edge of an indented rib w, w,
extended along the plate; this rib w is formed on its upper edge with certain
elevations, corresponding in height to the thickness of the bodies of the respec-
tive types to which such elevations relate; and the end of the said lever v acts
upwards against the tail of a crank lever a, mounted upon a stud fixed in the
side of the carriage m, as seen in Figs. 4 and 7. The vertical arm of this crank
lever is connected by a joint pin to a rod y, which rod at its reverse end is
in like manner attached to a slider, as seen in Figures 4 and 7. Let it now

page_text: be supposed that a line of types has been forced down from the end of the
galley K, by the depression of the slider c, as described above, and that the
said line of types is situate in the groove of the sliding frame H, (as shewn in
Fig. 4,) the workman reads the line of types so situate, and finding the first
type of the line to be the letter (h), he applies a finger of his left hand under the
lever or key marked (h), and lifts that key, as shewn in Fig. 4, by doing
which the upper part of the lever comes against the face plate n, and forms a
stop to the sliding frame H; the right hand of the workulan having hold of
the handle, now slides the carriage and frame H toward the left, until the
vertical part of the piece r strikes against the side of the projected key h, by
which the progress of the frame II is arrested; the same movement brings
also against the stop the lower end of the pendant lever s, and thereby causes
it to move the slider u forward, and to push the first type of the line sideways
out of the groove in the frame H into a small recess formed opposite to the
end of the slider u; but before this type can be so detached from the groove
of the frame, the recess must be formed to receive it, and this is done by the
end of the lever having passed on to an elevation of the rib w, which has
raised it, and thereby lifted the crank Iver a, and drawn back the slider = to
such a distance as shall leave a sufficient recess for the body of the type to bo
passed into, the capacity of this recess depending upon the height of that part
of the rib w which is then acting upon the lever v; and this is so formed as
to correspond in its height to the thickness of the particular type or letter to
which it belongs; the type thus brought into the situation described, now slides
down the vertical groove i in the face of the plate P, and is conducted in an
erect position to the bottom of the groove, as described, and shewn in Fig. 5;
whilst this is going on, the shaft F is kept constantly revolving by the means
before explained, and the cam or excentric p coming round forces the type
back from the vertical groove i into the horizontal groove of the plate I, I.
Supposing the next letter of the line of types to be (o), the workman having
slidden back the carriage and frame H towards the right, now lifts the key (0)
and brings the piece r, as before, up to the stop; when the type is in the same
way delivered into one of the vertical grooves i, and then by its rotary cam
pushed back into its horizontal groove in the plate I. By these means all the
types of the line are in succession brought up and stopped by the key answering.
to its letter or character, and thus the letters of the same character are
successively distributed and introduced into their own proper groove in the
horizontal plate, and by that means are "arranged" in columns, ready to bo
placed in the composing machine, and to be operated upon in the manner
about to be explained. It is only necessary further to say that on inserting

page_text: every fresh line of types into the groove of the sliding frame 11, the pusher
must be brought back, which will wind the convolute spring in the box up tọ
tension, and thereby the spring will possess the power of turning the pulley
and working the chain, so as to forco the pusher forward and keep the types
up against the stop plates h, as long as any remain in the groove of the slide.
If thought desirable, the sliding carriage of this distributing machine-may
be dispensed with, and the types distributed into a case by hand in the
ordinary manner; and by making the bottom of each compartment of the
ense in the form of a funnel, the types will be carried down by their own
gravity through an aperture made for that purpose, of the proper shape and
size, at the bottom of the funnel. When the types pass through these apertures
they are conveyed by channels or grooves into the grooves of the plate I, I, I;
where they are ranged in columns or rows in the manner above described; or
the following method may be employed:-The sliding carriage and the keys
being dispensed with, instead of placing the plate P, P, see Fig: 5, in which the
grooves i, i, i, are made, in a vertical position, this plate may be placed in an
inclined position, as seen in Figures 8 and 9°; Fig. 8° being a part view, and
Figure 9 a sectional view of this arrangement of the distributing machine. It
will be seen upon referring to theso Figures, that instead of placing the openings
of the grooves i, i, all in one row, as. in Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5; there. are two
rows, one placed behind and above the other. By this means we arò enabled
to mke the apertures, in which the types are deposited; of greater dimensions;
so that a workman can distribute by hand. When the workman drops' a typo
on to the face plate in one of the compartments, the type descends by its own
gravity, as in the other machine, and is forced along.the groove in the plato
I, I, I, by excentrics. mounted on a longitudinal shaft, as at Figs. 5 and 6.
The machine for .composing, that is, setting up types in the order of words,
lines, and pages, is shown in the following Figures of the Drawings. Fig. 10
is a front elevation of the machine complete, and in working order; Fig. 11 is
an.clevation of the same, as it would appear if viewed at the left-hand end of
tho machine; Fig. 12 is a horizontal view of the same, as seen from above, a
portion of the cover being.removed for the purpose of exposing parts of the
works beneath; Fig. 13 is a vertical section, taken. longitudinally through about
the middle of the machine in the dotted, lino A, B; of. Fig. 12, parallel to the
front; and. Fig. 14 is a. vertical section, taken transversely in the line C, D, of
the same. Figure. The framework of the machine is represented at A, A; A,
upon which are fixed two horizontal standards B, B, and upon these are mounted
two parallel longitudinal plates C, C, placed edgoways, with their upright
framings carrying a horizontal longitudinal bar D, having a groove along the

page_text: middle of its upper surface, in which groove the types are slidden, when, tho
machinery is in operation. On the upper edges of this bar D two flat longi-
tudinal plates a, a, are affixed, which carry the two upright rack frames b, b.
that contain the types intended to be operated upon. These types are arranged
in vertical columns, each compartment of the rack being respectively. filled
with a column of types of a certain letter or character; the columns of types.
descending, by their own gravity as the single types are severally driven out of
the column at its lower end by the; operations of the machinery about to be
explained. The rack frames b, b, are, formed by a series of upright grooved
rails, seen detached on an enlarged scale in Figures 24, 25, and 26. Fig. 24
is a view of the top of one of these grooved rails; Fig. 25 is a side view; and,
Fig. 26 is a view, of the bottom end. Upon referring to Fig. 18, it will be
seen that a space about the thickness and length of the type in each column is
cut away at the bottom of the grooves formed the rails b, b, in order to allow..
the types to be pushed out on to the endless belt or chain. The height of these,
spaces in the grooves must correspond with the thickness of each. type, so that
not more than one type may be pushed out of the column at one timo. When
a number of these rails are ranged together side by side, so as to form the rack
frame, shewn in Fig. 13, a number of compartments are formed in width rather
more than the length of a type, so that when a column of type is placed in one
of these, compartments the types descend as above mentioned by their own
gravity. Two series of keys E, E, E, and F, F, F, are arranged horizontally, in
front of the machine, as scen in Figs. 10 and 12. These keys severally hung as
levers, upon fulcrum rods c, c, extending along the machine, as shown in Fig. 14,
and the inner extremities of these keys are severally connected by, upright.
rods.d, d, to one of the small T-formed levers e hanging upon fulcrum rods in
brackets faffixed to the longitudinal plates C, C: The upper end of the cross.
of each T-formed lever e acts through a slot in a horizontal sliding pusher g.
These pushers, which are shewn on a half-sized scale at Figs. 27 and 28, move.
transversely to and from the several columns of types upon the plates a, a. It
will hence be perceived that on the compositor striking one of the keys with
his finger, the depression of the front part of the key will cause the rod d at its
reverse end to rise and to vibrate the small lever c, thereby forcing inward, the
upper end of its cross, and consequently sliding the pusher g against the lowest
type in the column corresponding to that key. The type thus acted upon will
by these means be pushed out of its column in the rack into the longitudinal
groove cut in the bar D, where it is to be slidden along into the receiver, where
the types are formed into lines by the following means:-An axle, G, mounted
in the lower part of the framework, seen in Figures 13 and 14, carries two

page_text: pullies H and I, and also a fly wheel J. Over the pulley II an endless belt or
chain h, h, h, is passed, and also over a series of carrier pullies i, i, i, i. i, i, i,i.
This belt or chain, as the pullios revolve, is made to travel horizontally along the
lower part of the groove in the longitudinal bar D, and hence, whenever a type
is projected as abovo described from one of the columns into this groove, it
necessarily falls upon the upper surface of the band or chain, and is by the
longitudinal progress of the band or chain carried onward to the receiver at the
left end of the machine. It will be perceived that there are two series of keys
E and F, and also two series of T-formed levers e, e, the one series of levers
in front of the bar D, the other series at the back of the bar; and that there
are likewise two series of columns of type ranged in the double rack frame b, b,
consequently, by striking the keys E, the front series of levers e and the types
of the front columns will be projected into the groove of the longitudinal bar D,
and by striking the keys F, the back series of levers e and the types of the
back columns will be acted upon in a like manner. In the middle of the double
rack frame between the front and back columns of type there are loosely pendant
a series of thin strips of tin k, k, k, (sco Figs. 13 and 14,) the lower extremities
of which extend into the groove of the bar D, a little above the upper surface
of the belt or chain h. These pendant strips are for the purpose of stops,
preventing the types being pushed beyond the groove, and there are small
pins extending from across the groove on a level with the plates a, a, to sup-
port one end of each of the types when so projected, and prevent its turning
over, the other ends of the types falling on to the travelling chain or
belt, by the progress of which they are drawn off the pins, and conducted
onward toward the receiver in the proper positions for depositing them
correctly in line, with the face of each type in the same direction. The several
types for forming words, and for forming the spaces between the words,
having thus been successively brought out from the columns of the racks
by the means described, and deposited upon the travelling endless belt or
chain h, h, they are conducted onward by the progress of the belt or chain to
the carrier pulley *, and over a transverse triangular guido bar or bridge on to
a roller ", seen near the left-hand end of Fig. 13, by which last-mentioned
roller the type is deposited upon the top of a T-formed vertical slider 1, and as
the several types in succession come into this situation they are piled one upon
another, forming a line of types, the slider receding as the types accumulate
thereon. In order that the successive types may thus be accurately deposited
upon the top of the slider 1, a roller m, mounted i a bracket, is placed over
the slider to act as a presser roller. A small endless chain », n, n, also assists
this operation, which is distended over the roller m, and over the pullics o

page_text: and p. On the axle of the pulley pa spring lever q hangs loosely, carrying
a roller at its end, which presses the chain down upon the roller k*, and also
another spring lever r, carrying a roller, by its pressure keeps the endless
chain n always tightly distended. Rotary motion is given to the endless chain
n by an endless band s, 8, 8, 8, passed over the pulley o, and over carrier pullies
t, t, which band is actuated by the pulley I upon the main axle G, and tho
roller receives a simultaneous rotary motion by a small endless band from a
pulley u on the same shaft as that of o, represented in Figs. 11 and 12.
Another arrangement of this part of the machine is shewn on an enlarged
scale in the detached Figure 22, in which the endless chain n, n, instead of
passing round the pullies m, o, and p, as seen in Fig. 13, merely passes round
the two pullies p and p*. The types are brought on to the T-shaped slider Z,
by the endless chain h, in the same manner as that described in reference to
Fig. 18, but instead of being forced down to their proper position on the
slider by means of the chain n passing round the pulley m, a small snail or
wiper is used; this wiper is mounted on the axle of a band pulley, and
receives a rapid rotary motion from the pulley o by means of a band, and
thereby forces the line down as each type is brought forward and piled on the
slider by the endless chains h and n. The endless chain n is also actuated
by a band from the pulley o passing round a pulley on the axle of p. Figures
23 represent various forms of rotary wipers, which may be used instead of the
snail m in Fig. 22. Thus it will be perceived that as the types are brought
onward by the travelling belt or chain h they are successively deposited or
piled one upon another on the top of the slider 1, and that the slider by the
accumulation of the types pressed upon by the chain n and roller m, or by the
cam m in Fig. 22, is gradually depressed until a sufficient number of types
have been built up upon the slider to form a line of the composition; and it is
necessary here to observe that a face plate must be placed against the slider 1,
to prevent the line of types dropping out as the composition goes on, which
plate is shewn at v in the front elevation, Fig. 10. For the more perfect illus-
tration of this part of the mechanism we would refer to the enlarged Figures
15, 16, 17, and 18, which represent the receiver detached from the machine in
several positions. Figs. 15 and 16 exhibit the receiver and its appendages, as
scen in Figs. 10 and 13; Fig. 17 is an end or edge view of the same; and
Fig. 18, a back view. In order to ascertain when a sufficient number of types
have been accumulated upon the slider to form one line of a page of com-
position, a counting or measuring apparatus is attached, as shewn in the
several Figures 10 to 14. This apparatus consists of a dial plate a, seen in
front of the machine in Fig. 10, (immediately under under the rest frame L

page_text: on which the compositor places his copy). Through the centre of this dial
plate an inclined shaft 6 passes to the back of the machine, as seen in Fig. 14.
At the hinder part of this shaft there is a pulley c, currying an endless chain
(shewn in Fig. 13), which chain passes round another pulley d (scen in
Fig. 12) fixed upon a transverse shaft e.. Upon this shaft e there is also a
similar pulley f, situato at theback of the receiver (seen best in the detached
Figure 18). To this pulley is affixed the end of a chain 9, the reverse end of
which chain-is appended to the lower end of a vertical sliding rod h, constituting
the back guide of the T-formed slider on which the line of types are built up
as described in reference to Fig. 13; and upon the shaft e is also affixed a
pulley i, having a weighted friction band passed over its periphery to retard
partially the descent of the slider. The face of the dial a is graduated with a
scale representing inches and parts of an inch, in order to show by the rotation
of-the index how far the slider has descended when the apparatus is at work,
and consequently the length of the line of types accumulated on the top of the
slider . An-adjustable index is likewise placed upon the face of the dial, as
a mark for the workman to regulate the length of each line. A ratchet wheel
k, with an adjustable click or catch (see Figs. 10, 1-1, and 12), is placed upon
the axle e, for the purpose of acting upon a hammer to strike a small bell *.
as a warning a little time before cach line of types is completed upon the
slider. Thus one line of types having been built up upon the top of the slider ?,
as indicated by the coincidence of the hands upon the dial plate, the compositor
turns the winch 2 on the shaft e, for the purpose of lowering the line of types
to the bottom of the receiver, in order to transfer the line of types into tho
adjusting stick. After they have been thus lowered the compositor moves a
horizontal jointed lover m, seen under the keys in Figs. 10, 11, and 14.
This lever is connected by a rod n, with an arm p attached to the slider q,
which is a flat plato moveable longitudinally on the face of the receiver,
ns shown in Figs. 10, 18, 15, and 16. The receiver is constructed of a
flat upright plate rr, against which the T-formed slider works up and
down vertically; and in front of it is attached the face plate t, before
mentioned, leaving a narrow space between them for the sliders and lino of
types to pass, as shewn in Fig. 17. At the end of the receiver r is attached
by a joint the adjusting stick 8, which is a box formed by two parallel
plates turning up and down upon a pin t, as shewn in Figs.-10, 13, 15, 16,
17, and 18. The adjusting sticks being placed upright at the end of the
receiver-r, as in Figs. 10, 13, and 16, and held fast in that situation by a catch
w; the slider is moved laterally by the lever p, as before said, which forces
the line of types out of the receiver into the adjusting stick. The T-formed

page_text: slider may be now raised again to the top of the receiver by turning the
winch 1, when it is situate ready for a fresh line of types, to be built upon it by
the means before explained. The adjusting sticks is now to be turned down
into the horizontal position shewn at Figures 15 and 18, where an assistant
compositor corrects any errors that may be necessary, and having done this ho
raises the galley V to the under part of the adjusting stick's by turning a handle
with an excentric w into the situation shewn at Fig. 15, and then draws
horizontally a slider X, by which the types are allowed to descend into the
galley, as shewn in Fig. 18. The galley is mounted upon a horn-shaped frame
y. fixed at the end of the machine, and is suspended by pivots upon a sliding
frame, which turns horizontally upon the horn frame by means of a pin point
at its end. These parts are best shewn upon an enlarged scale at Figures 19,
20, and 21. The galley, being occasionally drawn aside by the assistant.com-
positor, is to be slightly inclined, as at Fig. 21, for the purpose of having the
lines of type spread out to the required breadth of the page, and leads intro-
duced between the lines when required.
Fig. 29 represents a portion of an horizontal view, as Fig. 12, in which::a
slight variation is exhibited. In this instance, the endless belt or chain h;
which conducts the types to the receiver, is made much broader, that is, suf-
ficiently so to receive two types abreast or side by side, and a longitudinal. bar.
as a partition between the two types extends along the machine, and operates
as a stop when the types are severally projected from the racks instead of the
pendant strips of tin, shewn at k, k, k, in Fig. 13.
Figs. 30 and 31 represent, in two views, an instrument which I denominate
a." feeding stick," by means of which a column of types may be lifted from a
groove of the distributing. machine and inserted in the proper compartment of
the rack of the composing machine. In these Figures, a, a, is a straight
rectangular bar, having a lip or flange b at one end, and a slider or clip c with
a similar lip moveable upon the bar a, which slider is (when the "feeding.
stick "has been charged with types) made fast upon the bar by a thumb-screw,
and a straight rod d is passed through holes in both the clips b and c, which
must be withdrawn when a column of types is to be taken from one of the rod
grooves of the distributing machine. In taking up a. column of types by this
apparatus the bar a is laid close alongside of the type standing in the groove
of the distributing machine, the lip 6 being in contact with one end of the
column, then the slider c is pressed up to the reverse. end of the column and
made fast there by the thumb-screw; the column of types is thereby clipt
tight at its ends, and the rod d is then introduced to prevent the type falling
out. The feeding stick with the types thus. held: may then. be carried to tho

page_text: composing apparatus and slidden down one of the perpendicular compartments
of the rack, when on withdrawing the rod d and unscrewing the clip, the appa-
ratus may be withdrawn, leaving the column of types inserted in the rack ready
for use. When there are a surplus quantity of arranged types more than will
fill the grooves of the distributing machine and the columns of the composing
rack, then place such surplus of arranged types upon a table, shewn in
horizontal view at Fig. 32, and in the end view, Fig. 33. The face of the tablo
is formed with longitudinal ribs slightly inclined to render the faces of tho
types visible, and a groove is cut along the middle of cach rib in order to allow
the clips of the feeding stick to be introduced when a portion of types from one
of these columns is required to bo taken up.
Having now described our Invention, and the manner in which the same is
carried into effect, it is scarcely necessary to point out to any one skilled
in mechanics that the form and construction of the machines admit of con-
siderable variation, and many of the operations may be performed by other
mechanical devices; we do not claim as now such parts of the composing
machine as have been already described under a former Patent obtained by us,
and bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and forty; but we claim as the Invention, secured to us by the herein-
before in part recited Letters l'atent,―
First, the peculiar arrangement of mechanism or combination of parts con-
stituting a machine for performing the operation called "distributing" the
types, which we call "arranging," one forin or construction of which is shewn
in Figures 1 to 9 inclusive.
Secondly, we claim the use of the grooved plates I, I, I, (as part of our first
improvement,) in which the types are arranged in rows or columns; this plate,
although shewn in a horizontal position in the Drawings, may be placed in an
inclined or perpendicular position.
Third, we claim the method, shewn in Figs. 8 and 9, of lowering the types
line by line from the galley into the travelling carriage..
Fourth, we claim the use of a travelling or sliding carriage, by means of
which each type is consecutively brought over the proper opening, through
which it descends into its groove in the grooved plate.
Fifth, we claim the indented rib, w, and those parts of the sliding carriago
which form a recess of the proper width to suit the thickness of the type, and
into which the type is pushed, as shown in the Drawings.
Sixth, we claim the use of the bent lovers or keys q, whereby the sliding
carriage is stopped over the proper aperture through which the type is to
descond, and which keys at the same time net upon the pushor of the carringo

page_text: and thereby force the last type out of the line into the recess, which is formed
of the proper width by the indented rib w, already mentioned, acting upon a
spring lever connected to the sliding carriage, and which regulates the width
of the recess.
Seventh, we claim the method shewn of forcing the types along the grooves
of the grooved plate by means of the shaft F and a series of cams or excentrics
as at p, whether these cams are used by themselves or in conjunction with levers
or pushers for this purpose.
Eighth, we claim the mothod shewn and described in reference to Figs. 8*
and 9*, in which the sliding carriage and keys are dispensed with, and the
types deposited by hand in openings or grooves i, i, made in the face of a plate
or plates placed in an inclined position, down which grooves the types descend
by their own gravity into the grooves or channels of the plate I, I, I; and we
also claim distributing the types by hand into a case similar to a compositor's
case, from which case they descend by their own gravity through openings
made in the bottom of each compartment of the case into grooves, channels,
spaces, or receptacles, in which they are arranged in columns or rows ready
for the composing machine.
Ninth, in reference to the composing machine, we claim the general arrange-
Oment of the mechanism shewn in the Drawings.
Tenth, we claim the peculiar method of pushing out one single type from a
column in the rack frame by means of pushers g, which are acted upon by the
T-shaped lovers in connexion with the keys, so that when any key is depressed
it may, by any mechanical contrivance, push forward the corresponding pusher
5 g, and thereby force out the type on to the endless band which runs in a
longitudinal groovo at the back of the column of type, and by this means the
type is conveyed to one end of the machine, where it is deposited in the
receiver in the manner described.
Eleventh, we claim the peculiar construction of rack frame (as shewn in
o the Drawings), in which frame columns of types are arranged on both sides of
the channel or groove, along which the types, when pushed out, are carried to
.the receiver.
Twelfth, we claim the mode in which the types are forced down in the line
after they are brought to the receiver by the endless belt. We claim this
5 whether it is effected by means of the small endless chain or belt n, n, in con-
junction with the pulley m, round which the chain passes, as seen in Fig. 18,
or by means of a snail cam or other excentric, as shewn in Figs. 22 and 23,
and whether the said cam or excentric acts itself directly on the type or through
the medium of a lever or pusher.

page_text: Thirteenth, wo claim the manner in which the line of types is lowered from
the receiver into the galley.
And, lastly, the manner in which the galley is mounted in the machine, as
shewn in Figs. 19, 20, and 21.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Clay and Frederick Rosenborg,
have hereunto set our hands and seals this Twenty-first day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
forty-two
FREDRIK (L.s.) ROSENBORG.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-first day of Sep-
tember, in tlio year above mentioned, the aforesaid John Clay and I'rederick
Rosenborg came before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute in that caso malo and provided.
Inrolled the samo Twenty-first day of September. in the year above