Improvements in connection with Turning Lathes and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with Turning Lathes and the like.
A communication by WILLIAM ALLEN PENDRY, of 65, Farnsworth Avenue, Detroit,
in the County of Wayne and State of Michigan, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., Agent for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in a turning tool
and mechanism connected therewith adapted for various purposes, and consists
of the devices and appliances hereinafter described and claimed and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
My improved turning tool is specially adapted for use in making buttons of
pearl and other materials, and I have illustrated the same herewith in connection
with certain portions of button machinery, but I would have it definitely under-
stood that I do not limit my invention to button machinery alone, nor to the
special construction of button machinery parts herewith shown, the particular
button machinery disclosed herewith being shown in the drawings and described
in the specification simply to illustrate the construction and the particular adapta-
tion of my invention, although as above stated, the turning tool and connected
mechanism may be employed within the scope of my invention in a wider range
of uses, but the illustrations and subjoined description will illustrate the con-
struction and operation of the features more particularly forming the subject
matter of my present invention. The turning tool may be used, for example,
with an ordinary turning lathe, or with screw cutting machinery, or with
automatic turret lathes for reproducing duplicate parts, among the various uses
to which my invention may be applied.
Figure of the drawings is a vertical section showing parts of a button
machine, showing features of my invention in elevation.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation showing, on an enlarged scale, certain features of my
improved mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a view in section on the line 3-3, Figure 2.
Fig. 4 is a detail view of one of the cutters in plan.
Fig. 5 is a view in section on the line 5-5, Figure 3.
Fig. 6 is a view in section on the line 6-6, Figure 5, showing the inside
cylinder in elevation.
Fig. 7 is a view in elevation showing the bracket or arm carrying the shaft of
the grinding wheel.
The numerals 1 and 1ª show turning tools embodied in my invention, two such
tools and 1 being shown, that number being preferably employed in my
improved turning mechanism, although I do not limit myself to any given
number of turning tools that may be employed. The turning tools are mounted

page_text: upon a corresponding shaft, indicated at 2 and 2ª. The tool 1 is shown in the
accompanying drawings in operation, while the tool 1ª is shown out of operation.
The shafts 22ª are provided with a worm gear 3, 3 operated by corresponding
worms 4, 4ª, upon a shaft 5. Upon the shaft 5 is an additional worm gear 6
meshing with a worm 7 upon a shaft 8, upon which is mounted a worm gear 9
meshing with a worm 10 upon a shaft 11. The shafts herein before mentioned,
with their gearing, are mounted in a rotatable cylinder 12. The rotatable
cylinder 12 is preferably constructed with an intermediate cylinder body 13
formed with a web or diaphragm 14, with heads 15 and 16, and with a toothed
cylinder 17 forming a gear by which the complete cylinder is rotated. The
various parts of the cylinder, it will be understood, may be bolted together in
any suitable manner, as indicated at 18. A non-rotatable cylinder 19 is mounted
upon a slide 20 having a reciprocatory movement, the cylinder 19 enclosing the
periphery of the rotatable cylinder 12, the latter cylinder effectually excluding
dust and dirt from the gears therewithin.
The cylinder 12 may be rotated in any suitable manner, as by a gear 21, meshing
with a gear 22, upon a stud 23, which may also be provided with a bevel gear 24
meshing with a gear 25 upon a reciprocatory and rotary sleeve 26. The sleeve 26
is mounted in a bearing 27 secured to the bed A of the machine. The sleeve 20.
is rotated by a shaft 28, which may be a squared shaft engaged therewith, the
shaft 28 being driven from any suitable source of power. The gear 21 is mounted
upon a stud 29 carried by a bracket 30 upon the carriage or slide 20.
The bed A³ is provided with ways 31 upon which the slide 20 reciprocates.
The slide 20 may be reciprocated in any suitable manner. Upon the shaft 11 is
a star-gear 32. Upon the outer cylinder 19 is a striking pin 33, one or more
such pins being employed as may be desired. It will be evident that as the
inner cylinder 12 is rotated, the star-gear 32 striking against the pin or pins 33
would be rotated thereby, causing a corresponding rotation of the worm gears
herein before mentioned, and a corresponding rotation of the turning tools 1, 1ª.
The turning tool or tools may have any desired conformation on the outer periphery
thereof corresponding to the form desired to be produced upon the work thereby,
as upon the surface of a button, for example.
The turning tool is constructed primarily of annular form, and is then provided
with a gap, indicated at 34, of any desired form to form a cutting edge. It is
evident that a turning tool so constructed may be readily ground or sharpened
without disturbing the conformation of the cutting edge.
My invention, as already observed, contemplates the mounting of such a tool
upon a rotatable shaft within a rotatable cylinder and by which the position of
the tools may be made interchangeable, one turning tool being in working position,
while the other turning tool is in a position to be sharpened or ground. My
invention further contemplates means by which the turning tools may be auto-
matically ground when out of operation or working position. By making the
shafts of the turning tools revoluble, the tools themselves may be given a proper
rotation to compensate for the grinding away of the cutting face thereof. My
invention contemplates to this end also, the provision of a suitably mounted
wheel 35, which may be mounted upon a shaft 36 driven from any suitable source
of power. The shaft 36 is preferably mounted in a movable arm or bracket 37.
This bracket has a jointed or hinged engagement upon a post 38, which may be
provided with an adjusting nut 39 upon said post by which the bracket 37 may
be adjusted vertically, as may be required.
When it is desired to move the grinding wheel out of the way of one of the
turning tools, in order to shift the position of the turning tool, the bracket 37
may be swung over into inoperative position. The grinding wheel may be
thrown out of operative position in any desired manner. As shown, the outer
case 19 is provided with a spur 40, which, when the outer case is reciprocated,
strikes against the bracket and causes it to swing outward upon the post 38.
The bed A3 of the table may be constructed with an arc-shaped slot 41, through

page_text: which the shaft 36 carrying the grinding wheel passes, together with a corre-
sponding portion of the bracket 37. A spring 42 may serve to keep the bracket,
and the grinding wheel, in its normal position. On the stationary cylinder 19
is a spur 43 against which the bracket 37 will strike when in normal position to
prevent the grinding wheel from making too great a depth of cut in the turning
tool.
Any suitable means, however, may be employed to hold the grinding wheel
in proper operative position.
Any desired means may be employed to reciprocate the outer cylinder 19.
Those shown in the accompanying drawings consist essentially of an oscillatory
shaft 44, said shaft being oscillated by any suitable means. To this shaft is
engaged a crank arm 45 attached to a post 46 movably engaged with the slide 20.
An adjusting screw 47 serves to adjust the position of the post 46. After the
adjustment, by means of a tightening nut 48, the post 46 may be securely held in
adjusted position. The slide 20 is provided with an elongated slot 49 to permit
the adjustment of said post.
To hold the inner cylinder 12 with its cutters firmly in operative position,
while a given tool is making its cut, as shown in the drawings, I provide a
reciprocatory bolt 50 normally entering a socket 51 in the head of the cylinder 12,
as indicated more particularly in dotted lines in Figure 3. The outer cylinder 19
is provided with a sleeve-bearing 52 to carry the bolt 50. A bell crank 53
fulcrumed as at 54 to the sliding carriage 20 is connected with the bolt 50, the
bearing 52 being constructed with an elongated slot 55 to permit the operation
of the bell crank in connection with said bolt. Upon the bed A³ is engaged a
stationary bracket 56 constructed with a cam groove 57. The lower arm of the
bell crank 53 is provided with a roller 58 riding in the cam slot 57. It will be seen
that as the cylinder 19 reciprocates in one direction, the roller 58 rising in the
cam slot 57 will throw outward the upper end of the bell crank retracting the
bolt 50 releasing the inner cylinder and permitting its rotation. The reverse
movement of the cylinder 19 will restore the bolt 50 into locked position.
The outer cylinder 19 is preferably slitted and provided with ears, indicated_at
59, through which is passed a bolt 60 for tightening the outer cylinder upon the
inner cylinder. The cylinder 19 has a movable engagement upon the slide 20 in
a direction transverse to the reciprocation of the said slide to adjust the turning
tools to the work with greater accuracy. The slide 20 may, to this end, be
provided with a guide 61 and with a "snug" 62. The cylinder 19 carries adjust-
ing screws 63 impinging against opposite sides of the snug 62, by which means
the position of the cylinder 19 may be very carefully adjusted upon the slide.
M denotes any suitable rotatable chuck to carry the work.
While I do not limit myself to any special means of operating the parts herein-
before described, as applied to a button making machine, the various features
embodied therein may be employed in the turning tool and related mechanism,
as applied to a button making machine.
To this end, as shown in Figure 1, more particularly, A is the base of a button
making machine provided with a spider A', a support A2, and the bed Aº. A is
the case of such a machine, and A the top or covering.
C is a shaft provided with a gear C³.
L is a rotatable turret carrying the chuck or chucks M.
A10 is a gear mounted upon the arbor of the rotatable turret. The turret is driven
by the gear C through the gears P3 and 12 on the shaft P', said shaft carrying a
disk P provided with a spur or arm 1, which actuates a disk or number plate N
upon the hub of the gear A. The gear A10 drives a pinion at upon the shaft 28.
The shaft 28 is provided with the gear 25, already described.
C is a gear upon the shaft C, meshing with a pinion 64 upon a shaft 65, from
which latter shaft is driven the chuck M. Upon a shaft similar to 65, but upon
another plane, is a gear 66 meshing with a pinion 67 upon a shaft 68 provided
with a pulley 69 belted with a pulley 70 upon the shaft carrying the emery wheel,
already described. A gear 71 upon the shaft 72 meshes with a gear P². The

page_text: shaft 72 carries a cam 73, which operates the wiper 74 actuating the shaft 44,
already described.
When the turning tool and its immediately connected mechanism is applied to
a turning lathe, or to other purposes than for use in a button making machine,
it will be understood that the various parts of the novel mechanism herein before
described will be driven otherwise and by any suitable means.
The operation of the mechanism constituting my present invention, is as
follows:
The turning tool in working position is non-rotatable while performing its
work, the check carrying the work being rotatable.. At the same time, the
reciprocatory slide is advancing the turning tool toward the work by the
mechanism already described. When the work is accomplished, the reciprocatory
slide is retracted carrying the turning tool away from the work, and at the
same time the grinding wheel is swung out of operative position, as above
set forth The locking mechanism for holding the inner cylinder in locked
position, while the tool is at work, is also at the same time retracted to permit the
rotation of the inner cylinder. The rotatable turret L is then given a rotary
movement sufficient to carry the work already operated upon to the next step,
and to bring an adjacent chuck into working position. The rotation of the turret
rotates the inner cylinder by the means already described, carrying the tool that
has just done its work into position for grinding, and carrying the tool that has
just been ground into working position ready for the next operation. A partial
rotation has also been given to both turning tools to compensate for the wear in
grinding. The locking mechanism again locks the inner cylinder in working
position by the advancing of the reciprocatory slide carrying the tool to the work.
The mechanism may be advanced to carry the tool to the work when used on
an ordinary lathe by hand, or other means. The chuck may also only have a
rotatable movement within the scope of my invention. In an ordinary lathe, the
grinding wheel may also be operated in any suitable manner.
I desire that the grinding wheel shall be doing its work while the reciprocatory
mechanism is advancing to the work in order that the grinding wheel may have
longer effect upon the turning tool. To this end, the grinding wheel is shifted
out of working position at or near the limit of the retracting movement of the
reciprocatory mechanism, while the grinding wheel is restored to working position
again when the reciprocatory mechanism begins to advance toward the work. To
this end, the spur 40 is arranged to strike the arm or bracket 37 toward the limit
of the retracting movement of the reciprocatory mechanism. The release of the
spur 40 from said bracket when the reciprocatory mechanism advances, will, of
course, permit the grinding wheel being instantly restored to working position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a turning implement, the application of an annular turning tool stationary
in working position, a rotatable shaft carrying said tool, a rotatable device carry-
ing said shaft, means to reciprocate said device, means to lock said rotatable device
in a working position, and means to turn said shaft upon the reciprocation of
said device, substantially as described.
2. In a turning implement, the application of a rotatable device, an annular
turning tool stationary in working position, a rotatable shaft eccentrically
mounted upon said rotatable device and carrying said turning tool, and a chuck
arranged at right angles to said shaft, substantially as described.
3. In a turning implement, the application of a rotatable device, an annular
turning tool stationary in working position, a shaft carrying said tool mounted
upon said rotatable device, means to automatically sharpen said tool, and means
to give a partial rotation to said shaft, substantially as described.
4. In a turning implement, the application of an annular turning tool stationary

page_text: in working position, a shaft to carry said tool, a cylinder to carry said shaft, and
the turning tool from a working position to a non-working position, and
mechanism housed within the cylinder and actuated thereby to give a partial
rotation to said shaft, substantially as described.
5. In a turning implement, the application of a rotatable device, means to
automatically rotate said device, a turning tool constructed with a cutting edge
at its periphery, a shaft mounted in said device carrying said tool, means to lock
said device in working position, means to automatically give to said shaft a
partial rotation, and means to reciprocate said device, substantially as described.
6. In a turning implement, the application of one or more turning tools
stationary in working position, a reciprocatory and rotatable device to carry the
tool from a working position to a non-working position and to return the tool to
working position, a sharpening device to sharpen the tool when in a non-working
position, means to withdraw said device from working position and to withdraw
the sharpening device from working position before the rotatable device is
rotated, substantially as described.
7. In a turning implement, multiple turning tools, a shaft to carry each of
said tools, means to interchange the position of said tools, mechanism to give a
partial rotation to each of said shafts, and a sharpening device to sharpen said
tools, substantially as described.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.