An Improved Portable Combined Smelting and Converting Furnace and Apparatuses Employed therein.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1887
Complete Left, 8th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
An Improved Portable Combined Smelting and Converting
Furnace and Apparatuses Employed therein.
I CHARLES BRAMALL of the Caledonian Works, Oughtibridge near Sheffield in the
County of York, Silica Brick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:—
That my said Invention has for it object to reduce the cost of making Steel, and to
shorten the time in smelting, refining, lining and repairing, and further to facilitate
the treatment of the material and the pouring of the molten steel and slag.
In carrying out my Invention I propose to construct the Furnace "A"
Figures 1. 2. 4 and 5 of Wrought Iron or Steel Plates "B" made in two parts, of
oval, circular or other form and lined with refractory material "U" such as Silica
Bricks or Basic lining.
For the Acid process I prefer my patent Compound-as described in Letters
Patent granted to me bearing date the 24th January 1885 and numbered 1038-as
the Furnace is adapted to be lined by first placing a model or mould, the desired
shape of the Furnace required in either part, and ram up the Compound between the
Furnace Casing "B" and the mould, thereby saving the manufacturing and burning
of silica Bricks.
I propose to suspend the Furnace "A" upon Trunions "D" supported by columns
or standards "E" at each end.
The Furnace "A"I propose to turn upon its Axis by Rack or pinion "F" by Hand
or Engine or by Hydraulic power, and to construct it either to work by Air and Gas
combined or by a Blast or Column of Air, the latter being forced through tuyers "G"
Figures 1. 2 and 3 into the Furnace whichever method may be preferred.
When the Furnace "A" is in position for heating by Air and Gas the tuyers "G"
are above the level of the metal. When the material requires to be treated by Air
Blast only the Furnace is turned upon its Axis "D," the tuyers being immersed in
the metal and the air forced through one of the Trunions "D" Figures 1 and 2 of
hollow construction, forming a passage for the Blast which is thence conveyed through
a curved pipe "H" Figure 1 to the nest or row of tuyers "G."

page_text: When the molten material is ready for teeming, or it is desired to run off the slag
at any time, the Furnace "A" can be turned upon its Axis ")" at will.
I propose to construct Air and Gas regenerative chambers of wrought iron "B" or
steel Plates lined with Bricks "C" and checkered Brick work, in two parts, and
turned upon hinges "J" Figures 1 and 4 to facilitate repairs. The Gas regenerative
Chambers I Figures 1 and 2 are two at each end of Furnace (or 4 in number) and
so constructed as to leave space for the columns or standards "E" supporting the
Furnace "A" and are preferred circular in form, with a flue "K" to each chamber.
The Air regenerative Chambers "I" Figures 1. 2 and 3. are one at each end (or 2 in
number) and placed outside the Gas Chambers with 2. 3 or more flue outlets "K,"
or 2. 3 or more circular regenerative chambers at each end with one outlet each
(4 or 6 in number).
In modification shown figures 4. 5 and 6 1 propose to use one regenerative Chamber
for Air "I" and one for Gas "11" at each end, the Air and Gas entering the
Furnace, "A" Figures 4 and 5, on a level with each other (total number of Gas and
Air regenerative Chambers are 4). I propose to use one Regenerative Chamber for
Air and one for Gas at each end, the Air and Gas entering the Furnace through one
Flue at each end. The Flue conveying the Air and Gas is made to pass through the
centre of Trunion which is made sufficiently large to permit it, and the air to pass
through the second or outer space in the Trunion for the Blast or column of air
which passes through the curved pipe to the Tuyers.
The Flues, "K. K¹" Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 and 6, from the regenerative Air and Gas
Chambers are constructed independent of the Furnace Flues "L and L¹" so that the
Furnace "A" Figures 1. 2. 4 and 5, itself can be turned upon its Axis"])" or
altogether removed from its bearings "E" without interfering with the Air and Gas
Chambers "I and I"" for relining or repairing purposes, or to enable a fresh Furnace
to be put in its place, thereby saving considerable time especially in cases where Basic
linings are preferred.
The Furnace "A" Figures 1. 2. 4 and 5, and the Air and Gas "I and I"
regenerative chambers are fitted with all necessary doors dampers, valves, tapping and
slag holes &c.
Dated thin 7th of M. 1007

page_text: Furnace and Apparatuses Employed therein.
I CHARLES BRAMALL of the Caledonian Works Oughtibridge near Sheffield in the
County of York Silica Brick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing and on
reference being had to the drawings left with my Provisional Specification
:-
My said Invention relates to the construction of a combined smelting and con-
verting furnace and the apparatuses or appliances connected therewith, such furnace
being made readily portable or movable; and my invention has for its objects,―to
reduce the cost of making steel, and to shorten the time occupied in smelting and
refining, and in lining and repairing the furnace; and further,-
-to facilitate the
treatment of the material and the pouring or running out of the molten steel
and slag.
In order that the carrying of my invention into practice may be fully understood,
I now proceed to describe the same, referring at the same time to the two sheets of
drawings that were lodged in connection with my Provisional Specification, and to
the Figures and letters of reference marked thereon; on which drawings, Figure 1,
is a longitudinal section of my improved furnace, and Figure 2, is a plan of the
same. Figure 3, is a transverse section thereof. Figure 4, is a longitudinal section
of a modification of my furnace. Figure 5, is a plan of the same, and Figure 6, is
a transverse section thereof.
In carrying out my invention I construct the furnace A, see Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5,
of wrought iron or steel plates B, made in two parts, and of oval circular or other.
suitable form, and lined with refractory material C, such as silica bricks or basic
lining. For the basic process I prefer to line the furnace with my Patent compound,
as described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me bearing date the
24th January 1885, and numbered 1038, as the furnace is adapted to be lined by first
placing a model or mould the desired shape of the furnace required in either part and
the compound is rammed up between the furnace casing B, and the mould.
I suspend the furnace A, upon trunnions D, which are supported by columns or
standards E, at each end.
The furnace A, I turn upon its axis by the rack or pinion F, actuated either by
hand, by engine, or by hydraulic power; and I construct it to work either by air
and gas combined or by a blast or column of air, the latter being forced through
tuyeres G, see Figures 1, 2, and 3,-into the furnace A, whichever method may
be preferred.
When the furnace is in position for heating by air and gas the tuyeres G, are above
the level of the metal. When the metal requires to be treated by air blast only the
furnace is turned upon its axis at D, the tuyeres being immersed in the metal and the

page_text: air is forced through one of the trunnions D, Figures 1, and 2, which are of hollow
construction forming a passage for the blast which is thence conveyed through a
curved pipe H, (Figure 1,) to the nest or row of the tuyeres G.
When the molten material is ready for teeming or running out, or it is desired
to run off the slag at any time, the furnace A, can be turned upon its axis at D,
at will.
I construct the air and gas regenerative chambers of wrought iron or steel plates B,
lined with bricks C, and checkered brickwork, in two parts, and turned upon hinges J,
(Figures 1, and 4,) to facilitate repairs.
The gas regenerative chambers I', Figures 1, and 2, are two at each end of the
furnace, that is, four in all, and they are so constructed as to leave space for the
columns or standards E, supporting the furnace A; they are preferred to be circular
in form with a flue K³, to each chamber.
The air regenerative chambers 1, (Figures 1, 2, and 3,) are one at each end, that is,
two in number, and they are placed outside the gas chambers with two three or more
flue outlets K, or two three or more circular regenerative chambers at each end with
one outlet each, (or four or six in number).
In the modification shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6, I use one regenerative chamber I,
for air and one I¹, for gas at each end, the air and gas entering the furnace A,
(Figures 4, and 5,) on a level with each other, the total number of air and gas
regenerative chambers being four; or I use one regenerative chamber for air and one
for gas at each end, the air and gas entering the furnace through the trunnion placed
at each end of the furnace made of hollow construction thus forming one flue at each
end for both air and gas. The passage or space. forming the flue for conveying both
air and gas, is made to pass through the centre of the trunnion which is made
sufficiently large to permit it. The blast or column of air passes through the second
passage or space in the trunnion and then passes through the curved pipe to
the tuyeres.
The flues K, and K¹, (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6,) from the regenerative air and
gas chambers are constructed independent of the furnace flues L, and L', so that the
furnace A, (Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5.) can itself be turned upon its axis at D, or it can
be altogether removed from its bearings E, without interfering with the air and gas
chambers I, and I, for relining or repairing purposes, or to enable a fresh furnace to
be put in its place thereby saving considerable time especially in cases where basic
linings are preferred.
The furnace A, (Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5,) and the air and gas regenerative chambers I,
and I, are fitted with all necessary doors, dampers, valves, and tapping and slag
holes &c., as usual in such furnaces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The novel and peculiar construction and use of a portable or movable combined
smelting and converting furnace, and the apparatuses or appliances arranged in con-
nection or in combination therewith, for the purposes set forth,-substantially
as described, and as illustrated on the drawings accompanying my Provisional
Specification.
"