AN IMPROVED MACHINE POR PRINTING CALICO AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ferdinand Scheithauer, of Vienna, (Austria,) Gentle-
man, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE POR PRINTING CALICO
AND OTHER FABRICS."
Sealed the 11th January 1861, and dated the 14th September 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ferdinand Scheithauer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th September 1860.
I, FERDINAND SCHEITHAUER, of Vienna (Austria), Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR
PRINTING CALICO AND OTHER FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to an improved machine for printing calico, woollen,
or other woven piece goods, felts, or other fabrics, and consists in having both
ends of each piece to be printed sewn or otherwise fixed together, so as to form
an endless band or web, which is stretched over two horizontal rollers revolving
by means of their spindles in proper bearings situated in a strong longitudinal
frame, while the printing table or printing board is inserted in the interior of
the endless web, and is supported also in the said frame; close to each side or
selvage of the web, an endless chain, formed of suitable metal links, is laid
over the said rollers, and these chains run in suitable grooves or depressions in.
the longitudinal sides of the frame, the links of the said chains being provided

page_text: with proper tenter hooks for the selvages of the web to be fixed to, for the
purpose of keeping the fabric properly stretched; by means of these chains also
the motion from one roller is transmitted to the other one. A proper revolving
motion is imparted to one of the rollers by a winch handle or other suitable
means, for the purpose of causing the web to advance to any required extent.
over the printing board. The printing blocks are suspended horizontally to
vertical rods connected to the ends of a double lever arm turning on spindles,
jin bearings in a moveable frame or carriage, so as to allow of giving a slight
rocking motion to this double lever arm, in order to lower the blocks each in
its turn on the colour tubs situated at one end of the frame. The carriage is
provided with wheels, for allowing the same to be moved to and fro over rails
fixed on the top of the fixed frame, and thus, after the blocks have been
lowered in the colour tubs, to carry them above the printing board, and
there bring them in contact with the endless web, in order to produce the
*required impression on this latter, which is afterwards caused to advance, and
thus to carry another part of the web above the printing board, while the
blocks recede towards the colour tubs, and perform again the same operations.
:SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Ferdinand Scheithauer in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th March 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FERDINAND
SCHEITHAUER, of Vienna, Austria, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Ferdinand Scheithauer, Her special licence that I, the said Ferdinand
Scheithauer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Ferdinand Scheithauer, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR PRINTING CALICO AND OTHER FABRICS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Ferdinand Scheithauer, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or

page_text: one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ferdinand Scheithauer, do hereby declare-
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The Invention relates to an improved machine for printing calico, woollen,.
silk, or other woven piece goods, felts or other fabrics, such, for instance, as paper
for paper-hangings. In the Drawings hereunto annexed, Fig. 1 shows a side or
longitudinal elevation view; Fig. 2 an end elevation view; Fig. 3 a top view;
Fig. 4 a longitudinal sectional view of the machine, with the carriage partly
cut off, and Fig. 5 a cross vertical sectional view of the frame A; while the
Figs. 6 and 7 respectively represent a side elevation and a top view of part of
the endless chains on a larger scale than the remainder of the Figures here-
after to be described.
The main features of the machine consist in having the fabric which is to
receive the impressions from suitable printing blocks formed into an endless
web by sewing or otherwise fixing together both ends of the fabric, and having:
this endless web stretched lengthwise and in the horizontal direction over two.
rollers or drums revolving in a strong longitudinal frame, the selvages of the
fabric being fixed to proper hooks forming part of the links of two endless
chains encircling parts of the said drums in order to impart a suitable-
revolving motion to them and to the endless web, in the interior of which
latter is situated the printing table or board; while the printing blocks are
suspended in a carriage which may be made to glide or roll to and fro on the
top of the frame for bringing the said blocks alternately in contact with the
colour chases or tubs, and afterwards with those parts of the fabric as are to,
receive the impression.
I will now describe more fully the various parts of the machine, and the
mode of working the same, referring thereby to the Figures of the annexed
Drawings, in all of which Figures corresponding parts are indicated by the same
5 letters of reference.
A is a strong longitudinal frame solidly fixed to the floor, the two vertical
side pieces a of which frame are kept at the required distance apart by suitable
cross pieces a¹. This frame may consist of two or more smaller frames bolted.
together endwise; in this frame A two horizontal drums and are allowed

page_text: to revolve with their axes k and in bearings in the vertical side pieces a.
The longitudinal top beam a² and the sleeper a³ of each of the vertical
side pieces a of the frame A are provided along the greater part of their
inner surface with an open furrow or rectangular groove against the upper
and lower sides of which are fixed rails b' and 62 at the required distance apart
for having inserted between them the grooved part c¹ of a series of grooved
rollers c, so as to allow these latter to glide between the said rails b¹ and 62;
the rollers c form part of two endless chains D, part of the chains D being
situated inside of the grooves b, and the remainder outside; each of these
endless chains D is formed of two series of links d and d¹, each of which series
forms itself an endless chain, holding between them the rollers c, the latter
revolving freely on a spindle e, serving at the same time for connecting
together each two succeeding links of the chains d and d¹, the links of the
chain d being situated vertically, and those of the chain d'horizontally, the
former being allowed to enter in the groove b, whereas the latter project
towards the inside of the machine, and are provided with hooks d² for attaching
the selvages of the fabric to. The drums r and r¹ are formed of a series of
strong horizontal bars fixed at each end and at equal distances apart, and
parallel to the axis of the drum, to the angles of two plates 3 of an octagonal
or other suitable regular form, to the periphery of which plates are solidly fixed
sheet iron segmental pieces, a circular opening s being left between the ends
of each two adjoining segments r for holding the grooved or axial part c¹ of
the rollers c. The rails 6 must extend for some distance beyond the axis of
the drum r, and that end of the rail 6 which is directed towards this drum
must be made tapering for allowing this end to come quite close to the drum r
for compelling the rollers to run from the drum on the rails; the distance at
which the circular holes s must be situated apart must be equal to the distance
existing between the axis of two succeeding rollers c, while the segmental
pieces ¹ must enter freely into the open space left between the chains d and d¹.
One end of the axis k of the drum r extends for a short distance beyond the
outside of the frame A, to which end is fixed a hand wheel with handle,
which wheel is provided round its periphery with a series of holes or notches
t for the bent end of a sort of pawl t¹ to fall into; these holes or notches t¹
must be situated at such distance apart as corresponds with the extent to
which the fabric is to be moved forward after each impression. e is the
printing board or impression table situated beneath the upper part of the
endless web; this board e must be moveable in proper grooves and on guide
bars e, in order when required to allow of removing the board for cleaning or
for replacing the same by another one; the upper surface of this board should

page_text: be covered with woollen cloth or other suitable elastic medium. The fabric
which is to receive the impression is stretched over the drums and r³, and
over the impression table e and both ends of the fabric are sewn or otherwise
fixed together while the selvages are hooked into the hooks d², so as to keep
the fabric well stretched during the printing of the same.
It will be evident from what has been described here above that at each
time the wheel is turned in the required direction till the pawl t falls from
one notch or hole t into the next following one, the fabric will be likewise
carried forward over the impression table for the distance existing between
each two succeeding holes t, which distance must be such as to correspond
exactly with the width of the printing blocks made use of, and accordingly
if after an impression a printing or pattern block of a different size as that
just made use of is to be employed, it will be required also to replace the
wheel (which I call the step-by-step motion wheel) by another, the distances
between the notches or holes t of which are to correspond with the width of
this new pattern block.
B is a carriage, in which are to be fixed the printing or pattern blocks.
This carriage consists of a truck f, the four wheels f¹ of which are allowed to
run along two rails 9 fixed on the top of each longitudinal side piece a of the
frame A. The truck consists further of a horizontal outer frame C, divided
in two halves by a cross-piece C¹. On this outer frame C are bolted two
standards E, in the upper part of which a horizontal arbor F is allowed to
turn in suitable bearings, while by means of a hand wheel F¹, a reciprocating
motion may be imparted to the arbor F, so as to cause this latter alternately
to rise and to sink each of the two sets of rods G and G¹ suspended at the
ends of four lever arms H and H', securely fixed to the arbor F. The upper
ends of these rods G and G' turn on spindles, and they pass through guide
bosses G² fixed to the standards E, while the lower ends of these rods are
respectively connected to two frames I and I', each of which fits into the cor-
responding half of the outer frame C. In these inner frames I and I¹ fit
again two frames J and J', formed into a sort of grate by means of cross
pieces j; it is to the under side of these grates J and J¹ that the printing
or pattern blocks are to be fixed by screw bolts or other suitable means;
and in order to secure the right position of the grates J and J¹ in
5 the inner frames I and I¹, these latter are each of them provided with
four strong pins h, taking into corresponding holes in four clamps h¹, fixed
to the grates J and J. This arrangement of the carriage will, consequently
allow of, by turning the hand wheel F¹ alternately in one or in the opposite
direction, alternately lower one of the said inner frames, together. with

page_text: its grate and printing block, and rise the opposite inner frame, grate, and
printing block. Now, the chases or colour tubs L and L' being situated in
the frame A towards the back end of this frame, it will be evident that on
pushing the, carriage B backwards till the printing blocks will be situated
exactly above their respective chases, and alternately lowering each of these
blocks, in the manner and by the means just described, till they come in
contact with their respective colour chases, these blocks will thereby take up
a sufficient quantity of colour for one impression to take place with them on
the fabric whether the chases be all provided with the same colour, or have
each of them, its particular colour. The carriage B now being pushed forward
along the frame A till the blocks be situated exactly above that part of the
fabric where the impression is to take place, viz., that part of the fabric resting
on the impression table e, it will be only required alternately to lower each of
the blocks, and cause them to touch the fabric sufficiently for making the
necessary impression on this latter; after which the carriage is to be pushed
back again, so as to carry the blocks above the chases, and cause them to
take up fresh colour therefrom for the next impression; in the meanwhile
the fabric is moved forward for a distance corresponding exactly with the
width of a printing block, and the impression may then be repeated in the
manner as has been just described. The fabric is carried forward by the step-
by-step revolving motion imparted to the hand wheel after each impression.
Provision must be made by any suitable arrangement for securing the right
position of the carriage B either above the chases or above the printing table
while taking up colour or while printing; thus, for instance, on the top and
towards the end of the frame A two angle irons m may be fixed, against which
the back end of the carriage B is to abut when in position for taking up
colour from the chases; for securing the right position of the carriage above
the impression table during the time this impression takes place the frame A
may be provided with two similar angle irons n, each having a hole in it in
which take the pins p fixed to the front end of the carriage B when this
latter abuts against the said angle irons n; and in order further to prevent any
deviation whatever of the carriage while the printing takes place, a catch q
turning on a spindle q¹ between suitable stops u and u', and which catch is
provided with a notch v, in which takes the lower end of a projecting arm v¹
fixed to the carriage B, which latter is also provided with another projecting
arm w, having its lower end bent at right angles, the horizontal part of which
takes into a corresponding hole of the abutment iron a fixed to the frame A;
when, consequently, the carriage B is situated above the impression table in
the position ready for printing, the lower end of the arm v¹ is held by the

page_text: notch of the catch q, while the horizontal end of the arm w is entered into
the hole of the abutment iron a, and in this mode any deviation of the carriage
during the impression is effectually prevented; after the fabric has thus
received an impression the carriage is set free again by lowering the notched
end of the catch q, and disengaging thereby the projecting arm v¹ from the
notch v.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into
effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself
to the precise details or arrangements here above described, as many variations
may be made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features
of the said Invention; but what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, is, the general arrangement and manner of acting of
my improved machine for printing calico and other fabrics, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ferdinand Scheithauer, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
A. G. BRADE.
FRED. SCHEITHAUER. (L.S.)