Improved Means for Letting off the Terry Warp in Looms for Weaving Turkish Towels and similar Fabrics.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 30th May,
1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Letting off the Terry Warp in Looms for
Weaving Turkish Towels and similar Fabrics.
1, WILLIAM WARRINGTON of Fairfield Mills, Droylsden in the County of
Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide in looms for weaving Turkish towels
and similar fabrics, improved means for letting off the terry warp in exactly the
required amount and at the right time by a positive automatic motion.
There are various means of letting off warp in looms which are applicable for
this purpose.
In one case the warp beam itself rests upon a letting off roller
or drum of suitable diameter which is intermittently caused to revolve at say
every third pick of the loom and unwind a given quantity of warp by frictional
contact.
In another case the warp is drawn at the required intervals from the warp beam
by passing between two rollers one of which (the letting off roller) is driven inter-
mittently as in the former case. In either case the very heavy weights usually
employed for the terry warp beam are dispensed with.
I actuate the before named letting off roller in either modification in the following
manner.
In
Upon a convenient stud I mount a toothed wheel driven by a pinion on the
crank shaft of the loom (or otherwise) and this wheel actuates a cam upon the
same stud and makes a revolution say once for every three picks of the loom.
this cam moves a bowl or projection at one end of a lever provided with a catch or
ratchet at its other end and as this catch acts upon a ratchet wheel mounted on a
suitable stud fixed to the loom side this latter is caused to make a partial revolution
every time the said cam revolves and displaces the said lever.
Or a crank pin or wiper may be employed to come in contact with this lever.
Attached to or forming part of the above ratchet wheel is a toothed wheel, and
also a notched disc hereafter described.
The toothed wheel gears with a carrier pinion which conveys its motion to a
suitable change wheel or pinion fixed on the axle or shaft of the above named
letting off roller which is thus intermittently caused to make a partial revolution
and give off an exact amount of terry warp when required the amount being
regulated by the change wheel or pinion.
In order to prevent the overrunning or slipping back of the ratchet wheel and
to secure the exact delivery of the warp when once the apparatus is adjusted I
provide a spring bolt (mounted on the loom side) which catches into the notches
in the notched disc above named, the said notches being V-shaped and corre-
sponding in number with the teeth on the ratchet wheel. This spring bolt will
arrest the ratchet wheel exactly at the right point, and therefore will control and
equalize the action of the letting off roller. This spring bolt is so formed that it
can be disengaged from the notched disc by hand when it is required to set back
or otherwise adjust the yarn beam.
The ratchet or catch is pivotted to the lever above named which carries it, and
I attach a cord (or its equivalent) to the said ratchet or catch of such a length
that when desired it can be raised and attached by a loop or knot to a peg or other
fixing in a convenient position upon the loom framing, and the ratchet or catch
will be held out of gear with the ratchet wheel. The loom can then proceed to
weave a heading or a cross border or cross stripe without terry.
In some cases in order to automatically stop the delivery of the terry warp

page_text: immediately the weft breaks I provide a long light lever reaching from the front
to the back of the loom (or nearly so) and pivotted at or near the centre, and I
connect one end of this lever (which is weighted) to the break lever or to a similar
lever in connection with the stop handle or other part of the weft-fork motion;
so that when the loom is at work this lever is held up. The other end of this long
light lever is provided with a rod or wire upon which is a collar or projection so
placed that when the weighted end of the long lever is raised this collar or pro-
jection does not touch the ratchet or catch which actuates the letting off lever as
above described but as soon as the weft breaks and by the falling of the break
(or similar) lever the weighted end of the long lever is dropped the other end is
lifted and the collar or projection on the rod or wire will come beneath the ratchet
and raise it out of gear with the ratchet wheel and immediately prevent further
delivery of the terry warp.
In the case where the terry warp is let off by resting upon the letting off ipller
or drum I prefer to use a small guide plate placed at each end of the said roller or
drun near to the nips or point of contact with the warp on the beam so that as
the said roller revolves beneath these plates the warp will be prevented from
running over the edges of the letting off roller or drum and being cut or damaged,
should the warp be a very broad one, or the drun or the yarn beam be accidentally
moved sideways. In this case the warp is guided so as to pass about one half
way round the letting off roller or drum which I prefer to cover with cloth or
calico.
In the second case above named the warp will be guided by preference as nearly
as possible entirely round the letting off roller which is in this case also covered
with cloth or other suitable material.
Dated this 25th day of July 1890.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Aun's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Letting off the Terry Warp in Looms for
Weaving Turkish Towels and similar Fabrics.
1 WILLIAM WARRINGTON of Fairfield Mills Droylsden in the County of
Lancaster Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The object of this invention is to provide in looms for weaving Turkish towels
and similar fabrics improved means for letting off the terry warp in exactly the
required amount and at the right time by a positive automatic motion.
And in order that my said invention may be clearly understood I have annexed
hereunto two sheets of drawings illustrative thereof and have marked the same
with figs, and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof.
Fig. 1 on Sheet 1 of the drawings is a side elevation of part of a loom showing
one modification of my invention applied thereto and Fig. 14, is a detached section
of the terry warp beam and letting-off roller.
On Sheet 2 of the drawings Figs. 2 and 24 are similar views illustrating another
modification of my invention and Fig. 3 is a back view of the same.
a represents part of the framing of the loom, & the terry warp beam, and c the
letting-off roller.
There are various means of letting off warp in looms which are applicable for this
purpose, two only of which I have illustrated on the drawings but any competent
mechanic would understand the slight alterations which might be necessary to
adapt my invention to other similar let-off motions.

page_text: In the case illustrated on Sheet 1 of the drawings the warp beam itself rests
upon a letting-off roller or drum c of suitable diameter which is preferably covered
with cloth and is intermittently caused to revolve at say every third pick of the
loom and unwind a given quantity by frictional contact.
In the other case illustrated on Sheet 2 the warp is drawn off at the required
intervals from the warp beam 6 by passing between two rollers c and d one of
which (the letting off roller) is driven intermittently as in the former case.
In either case the very heavy weights usually employed for the terry warp beam
are dispensed with, and smaller weights may be employed.
I actuate the before named letting-off roller in either modification in the
following manner. Upon a convenient stud y I mount a toothed wheel driven by
a pinion on the crank shaft k of the loom (or otherwise) and this wheel actuates
a cam iupon the same stud and makes a revolution say, once for every three picks
of the loom.
provided
In this cam moves a bowl or projection at one end of a lever
acts upon a
with a catch or ratchet o at its other end, and as this catch o
ratchet wheel mounted on a suitable stud fixed to the loom side a, the wheel/
is caused to make a partial revolution every time the said cam revolves, and dis-
places the said lever u. Or a crank pin or wiper may be employed to come in
contact with this lever and produce the same effect.
Attached to or forming part of the ratchet wheel p (or fixeu on the same shaft
and also a notched disc
therewith, as shown on Sheet 2) is a toothed wheel
hereafter described. The toothed wheel gears with a carrier pinion & which
conveys its motion to a suitable change wheel or pinion & fixed on the axle or shaft
of the letting-off roller c which is thus intermittently caused to make a partial
revolution and give off an exact amount of terry warp when required, the amount
being regulated by the change wheel or pinion t, thus measuring and delivering
the exact length of terry warp so that I procure a uniformity of weight and
appearance of fabric by changing the pinion irrespective of the weights used on
the benins.
In order to prevent the over-running or slipping back of the ratchet wheel
and to secure the exact delivery of the warp when once the apparatus is adjusted
I provide a spring bolt (mounted on the loom side) which catches into the notches
in the edge of the disc r above named, the said notches being V-shaped and corre-
sponding in number with the teeth on the ratchet wheel p.
This bolt will arrest the ratchet wheel exactly at the right point and there-
fore will control and equalize the action of the letting-off roller c.
The spring bolt u is so formed that it can be disengaged from the notched
disc by hand when it is required to set back or otherwise adjust the terry warp
beam b.
The ratchet or catch o is pivotted to the lever a above named which carries it,
and may attach a cord (or its equivalent) to the said ratchet or catch o of such
a length that when desired it can be raised up and attached by a loop or knot to a
peg or other fixing in a convenient position on the loom framing, and the ratchet
or catch o will then be held up out of gear with the teeth of the ratchet wheel p
and the loom can then proceed to weave a heading or cross border or cross stripe
without terry.
In some cases in order to automatically stop the delivery of the terry warp
immediately the weft breaks I provide a long slight lever o (see Fig. 1.) reaching
from the front to the back of the loom (or nearly so) and pivotted at or near the
centre, and I connect one end of this lever r, which is weighted, to the brake lever,
or to a similar lever in connection with the stop hundle, or other part of the weft
fork motion, so that when the loom is at work the weighted end of this lever is
held up.
The other end of the lever is provided with a rod or wire w upon which, near
the top, is a collar or projection so placed that when the weighted end of the
lever is raised (see Fig. 1), this collar or projection a does not touch the ratchet

page_text: n
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or catch o which actuates the letting-off lever as above described, but as soon as
the weft breaks and by the falling of the brake (or similar) lever the weighted end
of the lever is dropped, the other end is lifted and the collar or projection on
the rod or wire we will come beneath the ratchet and raise it out of gear with the
ratchet wheel "'; and immediately prevent further delivery of the terry warp.
Sometimes (instead of trusting to the above described automatic stop motion)
I prefer to use the means shown at Fig. 2 for enabling the weaver to take back
the slack" of the terry warp if the letting off motion has not stopped "dead.'
At the back of the ratchet wheel
with the teeth in a reverse position, and I provide a long catch lever worked by
I fix a similar ratchet wheely (see Fig. 3)
a treadle so that the weaver can move the letting off, back for as many teeth as
may be required to take up the slack.
=
In the case where the torry warp is let off by resting upon a letting off roller or
drum e I use a small guide plate 7 (see Fig. 1^) placed at each end of the said
roller or drum near to the nip" or point of contact with the warp on the beam /
so that as the said roller or drum revolves beneath these plates, the warp will be
prevented from running over the edges of the letting off roller or drum e and being
ent or damaged should the warp be a very broad one or the drum, or the yarn be
accidentally moved sideways. In this case the warp is guided so as to pass about
one half way round the letting off roller or drum which I prefer to cover with
cloth or calico.
In the second case above named (sec Sheet 2) the warp will be guided by
preference as nearly as possible entirely round the letting off roller which is in this
case also preferably covered with cloth or other suitable material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is:-
1
The improved means constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings annexed for actuating the rollers or
drums for measuring and letting off the exact length of terry warp required in
looms, for weaving Turkish towels and similar fabrics.
Dated this 24th day of Annil 1001
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.