Improvements in Tools for Forming or Moulding Glass Bottle Necks.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1889
Specification Accepted, 18th May, 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools for Forming or Moulding Glass Bottle
Necks.
I JOHN WILLIAM KILNER of the Calder Vale Glass Bottle Works Wakefield in the
County of York, a partner in the firm of Messrs. John Kilner and Sons, Glass Bottle
Manufacturers, Wakefield do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to enable the outside of glass bottle necks to be
formed accurately to a given size, so that a cap which fits well on the outside of one
bottle neck, will also accurately fit the outside of all or any other bottle necks formed
with the same tool.
The tool generally used for the purpose consists of a spring tongs, carrying at each
of its upper ends a die for forming the collar or swell and the parts above and
immediately below the same. The outside diameter of the collar or swell is determined
partly by the distance apart to which the two sides of the tongs are compressed or
squeezed by the hand, and partly also by the amount of "metal" the maker puts on
for the purpose, and such distance is therefore not perfectly uniform for all bottle
necks made, even with the same tool. Now my Invention consists in so constructing
the tools, that the distance apart up to which the dies can be forced is uniform,
producing therefore necks with uniform outside diameters.
1 am well aware that prior to this my invention glass bottle necks have been formed
to a uniformi diameter by the use of fixed dies; but the object or subject of my Inven-
tion is to serve the same end with moveable dies, this I effect by limiting the position
to which such dies (for forming the upper part of the bottle necks) can be moved.
Two modes of construction particularly ascertaining and illustrating tho manner in
which my Invention may be performed are hereunder given.
And in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood reference will at
once be bad to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
Figs. 1 and 2 are front elevations of a tool illustrating one form of my Improvements,
and Fig. 3 is a side elevation, and Fig. 4 a plan of the same. Fig. 1 shews the tool

page_text: with both sides or the dies at their greatest distance apart; and Fig. 2 shews both
sides and the dies when at their shortest distance apart, i.e. when finishing the moulding
of the bottle neck.
The tool consists of a spring tongs, the sides a of which are formed over their middle
and lower part of sheet metal; the middle portion being dished or rounded so as to
form a convenient grip for the hand; and the lower part, which is kept flat, is bent as
a semi-circle to form the spring. The upper ends a¹ are circular in section, and
screwed so as to secure the dies thereto in proper position. The inner surfaces
of these dies serve to mould the collar or swell on the bottle neck and the part
immediately below as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 2; the bottle neck being shown
inverted. A central rod c secured by rivetting, or by nuts as shewn, to the lower
end of the tongs carries at its upper end a plate d and the plug e; the former for
moulding the top edge or lip, and the latter the interior of the bottle neck. The
plate d is formed on two opposite sides with downward projecting lugs d', E or
channel shaped in horizontal section, to serve as vertical guides for a second pair
of dies ee for forming the top outside rebated portion of the bottle neck. The
dies are kept, pressed against the guides d' d' by means of bolts as shewn in
the drawings. I do not limit myself to this form of guide, as other descriptions
such as Vor angle guides, or vertical rods would effectually serve the same purpose.
The dies ee are attached directly or indirectly at their lower ends to a cross
bar f, which passes through slots in the sides a a of the tongs. Instead of passing
through such slots, the cross bar f may be arranged with a long guiding boss at
the centre through which the rod c passes. Near to each end, the cross bar fis
provided with a curved or bent slot, through which passes a pin g fixed into the
side a of the tongs. The lower part of each slot is formed horizontal. When the
sides a of the tongs are in the position shewn in Fig. 1, the pins g are at or near
the highest parts of the slots in the cross bar f; and it will be evident, that as
the sides a are pressed together, the pins g traverse the inclined portions of the
slots raising the cross bar and with it the attached dies e¹ e¹ ; but that when the
horizontal portions are reached, the cross bar f and the dies e¹ el remain stationary,
so that any further movement of the side a a merely affects the moulding of the
outside and underside of the collar or swell of the bottle neck. The dies e¹ el may
be arranged to mould only the top portion of the collar or swell and the top outer
rebated portion of the bottle neck, or also the whole or part only of the top edge
or lip of the neck; in the first case the top edge or lip of the neck being moulded
by the plate d.
Another form of my Invention of adjustable or moveable dies for moulding the
outside of the necks of glass bottles to a uniform size, is shewn in Figs. 5 and 6 ;
Fig. 5 being a front, and Fig. 6 a side elevation of the upper part of the tool.
Similar letters will be used as for similar or analoguous parts in Figs. 1-4, and
so much of the description as refers to parts unaltered or unchanged from those
described with reference to Figs. 1-4, will be omitted.
The side dies e¹ e¹, which in this second described construction of my improved tool
are arranged for moulding only the top portion of the collar or swell and the top outer
rebated portion of the bottle neck, are not attached to the cross bar f, but are hinged
by a pin fitted or fixed in bearings cast or formed in projecting parts of the plate d.
To the cross bar fare attached two slot guides i i, the inner sides or edges of the slots
being inclined or curved, and the outer sides or edges being vertical. These slots
engage with the lower part of the hinged dies el e¹; and it will be evident that as the
cross bar f is raised by pressing towards each other the sides a a of the tongs as
previously described, the upper moulding part of the dies e¹ e¹, will be gradually
tilted inwards from an inclined to a vertical position; which is attained when the
pins g reach the horizontal portions of the slots in the cross bar f
The outside and underside of the collar or swell is moulded by the dies bb,
which admit as in the first case of the diameter being slightly varied for finishing
off neatly the metal forming the neck. The side plates j serve the purpose of
gradually reducing the thickness of the metal to form the upper part of the neck.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1°. In a tool for forming or moulding glass bottle necks, the use of moveable
dies, which can be brought to a fixed, limited, or final position for the purpose
specified.
20. In a tool for forming or moulding glass bottle necks, the combination with
a spring tongs of a cross bar having bent or curved slots for operating moveable
dies substantially as and for the purposes specified.
30. In a tool for forming or moulding glass bottle necks, the combination with
a spring tongs and cross bar of sliding or hinged dies substantially as and for the
purposes specified.
4°. In a tool for forming or moulding glass bottle necks, the combination with a
spring tongs having dies bb attached thereto, of a cross bar operating a second set of"
sliding or hinged dies for purposes specified.
4°. In a tool for forming or moulding glass bottle necks, the combination with a'
spring tongs, facing plate and plug of a cross bar operating moveable dies for purposes
specified.
Dated this ath day of April 1889.
J. CLARK JEFFERSON, Assoc. R.S.M., Wh. Sc.,
2, East Parade, Leeds,
Agent for Applicant.