IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Scaife and Thomas Carr Younger, both
of Leeds, in the County of Yorkshire, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, AND
MANGLING."
Sealed the 7th July 1871, and dated the 13th January 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Scaife and Thomas
Carr Younger at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 13th January 1871.
We, JOHN SCAIFE and THOMAS CARR YOUNGER, both of Leeds, in
the County of Yorkshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING,
WRINGING, AND MANGLING," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to that class of machinery used for the
several purposes of washing, cleansing, wringing, or mangling, such
as the washing of textile and felted fabrics (completed or during the

page_text: varied stages of their manufacture) waste, grain, rice, potatoes, and
other vegetables, ores, minerals, casks, bottles, or other utensils.
In a suitable frame we fix a rectangular, cylindrical, or other shaped
vessel which contains the water or washing compound and the materials
to be cleansed; inside of this vessel is a moveable cradle, cage, or box;
there being sufficient space in the vessel to admit of the cradle being
moved vertically, horizontally, or otherwise, these movements are pro-
duced by means of cranks, eccentrics, or levers attached to the cradle,
and a revolving shaft fixed in any convenient position, to which motion
is given by steam power or otherwise. Above the said vessel, or in
any convenient position, we fix two or more rollers, to which motion
is given by jointed rods or levers attached to the aforesaid revolving
shaft.
The operation of wringing or mangling is performed by passing
the materials through between the rollers in motion. The rollers are.
kept in compression by springs acting on the bearings, by preference
we use levers, attached to the ends of which are rods which act against
steel or india-rubber springs fixed in suitable tubes or casings, and
against the bearings.
The operation of washing or cleansing is performed through the
continuous action of the cradle inside the vessel by which the materials
and water are constantly agitated.
We sometimes surround the vessel with an outer casing and pass
currents of steam or hot water through the space between the vessel
and casing:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Scaife and Thomas Carr Younger in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th July 1871.
TO ALL' TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SCAIFE and THOMAS CARR YOUNGER; both of Leeds, in the County of 3
Yorkshire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the

page_text: thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc->
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Scaife and Thomas
Carr Younger, Her special licence that we, the said John Scaife and
Thomas Carr Younger, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Scaife and Thomas Carr, Younger,
our. executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,.
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, AND
MANGLING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John
Scaife and Thomas Carr Younger, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Scaife and Thomas Carr
Younger, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our improvements relate to that class of machinery used for the
several purposes of washing, cleansing, wringing, or mangling, such
as the washing of textile and felted fabrics (completed or during the
varied stages of their manufacture), waste, grain, rice, potatoes, and
other vegetables, ores, minerals, casks, bottles, or other utensils.
In a suitable frame we fix a rectangular, cylindrical, or other shaped
vessel, which contains the water or washing compound, and the materials
to be cleansed, inside of this vessel is a moveable cradle, cage, or box,
there being sufficient space in the vessel to admit of the cradle being
moved vertically, horizontally, or otherwise, these movements are pro-
duced by means of cranks, eccentrics, or levers attached to the cradle
and a revolving shaft fixed in any convenient position to which motion
is given by steam power or otherwise. Above the said vessel, or in
any convenient position we fix two or more rollers to which motion is

page_text: given by jointed rods or levers attached to the aforesaid revolving
shaft.
The operation of wringing or mangling is performed by passing the
materials through between the rollers in motion. The rollers are
kept in compression by springs acting on the bearings, by preference we
use levers, attached to the ends of which are rods which act against
steel or india-rubber springs (fixed in suitable tubes or casings), and
against the bearings.
The operation of washing or cleansing is performed through the
continuous action of the cradle inside the vessel by which the materials
and water are constantly agitated.
We sometimes surround the vessel with an outer casing and pass
currents of steam or hot water through the space between the vessel
and casing.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, we will proceed
to describe the manner of carrying the same into practical effect,
reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the
figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a plan, shewn partly in section; Figure 2 an elevation,
partly in section; Figure 3 another elevation, also partly in section;
Figures 4, 5, and 6, are elevations of other modifications.
Figures 1, 2, and 3. A is a stationary vessel within and upon which
the machinery is arranged, it is supported by the framework F; within
A is placed the cradle or cage B which is suspended by the rods C to
the slides G which move in apertures in the framework F. The slides G
derive their motion from the eccentrics D fixed on the shaft H, on
which is the fly wheel E; I, handle for turning same which is jointed
as at I' for doubling up when not in use. The slides G are alternately
raised or lowered by the eccentrics D, which thus give a vertical
motion through the rods C to the cradle or cage B, thereby forcing
the water in the vessel A through amongst the material to be washed,
which is contained in the cradle or cage B. The spur gearing K on
the shaft H communicates motion to the rollers L, Li, the space between
the rollers being regulated by the levers M, the screw O, and the
springs P fixed in the casing P'; R, R, wheels for depressing levers M.
The rollers L, L, by which the wringing and mangling are performed

page_text: may be of wood or india-rubber; S, wheels for moving machines;
T, handles for same use, these handles are also jointed for folding
up; U, sliding tap or cock for draining the water or sediment from the
vessel A.
Figure 4. A is the vessel containing the cage B which is suspended
by the links C to levers D on the shaft E; the lever F on the outer end
of the shaft E is attached by a connecting rod G to the crank H, from
which it receives motion; motion is given to the crank by a toothed
wheel I which is driven by the wheel K, attached to fly wheel L and
produces a vertical motion of the cage B.
Fig. 5. A is the vessel, and B the cage, the cage is suspended by
the rods C to slides D, in which the cranks E move, the cranks are
a part of the shaft G on which is fixed the fly wheel H, this arrange-
ment gives a vertical motion to the rods C and cage B.
Fig. 6. A is the vessel, and B the cage suspended by the links C,
to the sides of the vessel A. and frame D, the cage B is moved by the
rod E through a stuffing box F from the lever G attached to the
shaft H supported by brackets I from the frame D; K, lever fixed
on H and attached to a connecting rod L, which receives motion from
a crank M on the wheel N geared to R, which is fixed to the fly
wheel on the shaft P. This arrangement gives a horizontal and
lateral motion combined to the cage B, but when hung by the centre
an oscillating motion of the cage is produced.
In Figs. 4, 5, and 6 the arrangements for wringing and mangling are
the same as already described in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of
our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be
used or carried into effect, what we consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
Firstly. The general arrangement and construction of apparatus for
washing, wringing, and mangling, as herein described and set forth
in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The cradle or cage B combined with the outer vessel A,
as herein described and set forth in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6, of the

page_text: Thirdly. The combination of eccentrics D, rods C, and slides G, as
herein described and delineated in Figs. 1, 2,. & 3 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fourthly. The combination of geared wheels I and K, connecting
rod G, levers F. and D, with link C, to cradle B, as herein described
and set forth in Fig. 4 of the Drawings hereunto attached.
Fifthly. The combination of crank motion E, slides D, rods C, with
cradle B, as herein described and shewn, Fig. 5, of the Drawings
attached.
Sixthly. The combination of geared wheels N and R, rods Land E,
with levers K and G, as herein described and shewn in Fig. 6 of the
Drawings.
Seventhly. The combination of levers M, springs P, as herein described
and set forth in Fig. 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
Eightly. The arrangement of folding handles for turning the fly :
wheel or moving machine, as described and set forth on the Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Scaife and Thomas Carr
Younger, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day
of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.
JOHN SCAIFE.
(L.S.)
THOMAS CARR YOUNGER. (L.S.)-