Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Cycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 1st Sept., 1898-Accepted, 29th Oct., 1898
PROVIDIONAL DEUITIVATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of
Cycles and other Vehicles.
:
We, GEORGE TURNER and JAMES MALCOLM HAMILTON VENOUR, both of 149,
New Kent Road, London, S.E., Engineer and Gentleman respectively, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved pneumatic tyre, so constructed and
arranged as to be quickly and easily placed in position upon, and removed from,
the rim of the wheel, and adapted to be inflated with air or gas under pressure,
without the employment of a separate inner tube or chamber for containing the
said air or gas.
For the purposes of our invention we construct of suitable metal a solid or
hollow rim or felloe for the wheel, of such formation in cross section as to be
concave upon its outer surface, with its edges curved or inclined inwardly, the
tyre itself being constructed of the usual or any suitable material or combination
of materials, and of such formation in cross section as to be extended in substance
or thickest at the centre, or that portion intended to be the wearing part or tread
of the wheel, the outer surface of which said extended portion may be formed in
any desired manner capable of operating for the prevention of side or back slip
or both. One of the edges of the said tyre is so formed in cross section as to fit
and be seated within one of the said incurved edges of the rim or felloe of the
wheel, while the opposite edge of the said tyre is similarly formed upon its outer
surface and adapted to fit and be seated within the opposite incurled edge of the
rim, the inner surface of the last named edge of the tyre having cemented or
otherwise connected thereto, or moulded or otherwise formed integrally therewith,
for the whole of its length, an endless tube or air chamber, this portion being
preferably formed of rubber of lesser density, or which has been subjected to a
lesser degree of vulcanization than the remainder of the tyre, so as to be capable
of expansion when inflated, the said tube or air chamber being of such propor-
tions in cross sectional diameter when deflated, as to lie easily within, and may be
partly beneath, the inner formation of the opposite edge of the tyre.
A suitable non-return valve is fixed upon the inner periphery of the rim of
the wheel, and communicates with the said tube or air chamber, and by inflating
the latter, the expansion of this laterally, serves to retain the two edges of the
tyre firmly within, and in air tight connection with the rim of the wheel, a hole
or holes being formed in the said tube or air chamber through which the air or
gas therein exudes (when a certain pressure has been reached) into the body of
the tyre, and when the pressure of air in the said body equals that in the said tube
or air chamber, the larger volume in the former serves to close a flap upon the
inner surface of the first placed edge of the tyre down upon and closing the said
hole or holes in the latter.
The tyre may be easily removed from the rim by exhausting the air through

page_text: the valve in the usual way, when punctures may be repaired by patches cemented
upon the inner surface of the tyre, and the tyre be again inflated immediately.
Dated this 7th day of December 1897.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1, Broad Street Buildings, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicants. 5
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of
Cycles and other Vehicles.
We, GEORGE TURNER and JAMES MALCOLM HAMILTON VENOUR, both of 149,
New Kent Road, London, S.E., Engineer and Gentleman respectively, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
-
Our invention relates to an improved pneumatic tyre for velocipedes and other
vehicle wheels, and adapted to be easily fixed in position upon the rim of the wheel,
and be therein retained by the mere inflation by air or gas only, without the
employment of a separate or inner tube or chamber for containing the said air
or gas.
Our improved tyre may be adapted for use with almost any form of wheel rim
that is concave upon its outer surface, and has edges that are curved or curled
inwardly, and in order that our said invention may be clearly understood we have
hereunto appended a sheet of drawings, of which, Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view
of our improved tyre in a state of inflation, and mounted upon a wheel rim of
the shape and configuration in cross section previously mentioned, or substantially
such as we find most suitable for the purposes of our invention.
Fig. 2 is a like view of same as it would appear when deflated, and in the act
of being placed upon or removed from the said rim.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the same taken upon the line AB Fig. 1.
Referring to the drawings, the form of concave rim we prefer to employ is
shewn by the reference letter A, the same having a slight central dip at B, and
incurved or curled edges C and D.
Our improved tyre E we construct of the usual or suitable material or materials,
having an inner lining of canvas or other suitable and similar fabric, and with
the wearing surface or tread portion F of greater thickness in the usual way,
the outer surface of the said portion F, being formed in any of the well known
ways for the prevention of side or back slip, or both.
The edges G and G¹ of the tyre are extended in substance, and may be attached
or integral as desired, these being preferably of more highly vulcanized rubber,
or rubber composition, than the remainder of the tyre, and so formed in cross
section that the one G, may fit, when seated within, the curve or curl C, and the
other G¹ the curl or curve D) of the rim A, the latter edge G¹ having cemented
thereto or moulded or otherwise formed integrally therewith, for the whole of its
length, an endless tube or air-chamber H, with or without being lined with
canvas or similar non-extensible material, the said tube being of rubber of lesser
density, or such as has been subjected to a lesser degree of vulcanization, so as
to be more elastic and capable of expansion when inflated, in order that this
when so inflated may serve to press the edges G and G' firmly within, and in air-
tight connection with the curves or curls C and D of the rim, and so serve to retain
the tyre upon the wheel as at Fig. 1, the said tube or chamber H being provided

page_text: with any number of small or pin holes J, and a hole or holes J', the latter for
receiving any suitable form of charging and discharging valve or valves, passing
through a hole or holes K in the rim A in the usual manner.
The swelled edge G of the tyre has cemented or otherwise connected thereto,
for the whole of its length, a flap L, of pure or nearly pure, or slightly vulcanized
rubber, adapted to close down upon and cover the holes J, in the tube
or chamber H.
In fixing the tyre upon the rim, the edge G would be first placed in position
within the curl or curve C, of the rim, substantially as at Fig. 2, the opposite
edge G¹ being then placed in position within the curl or curve D, the flap L being
raised during the placing of G¹, to allow the tube H to be under this, the said
flap eventually lying down upon H covering the holes J. The air would then be
pumped into the chamber H, through the valve or valves in the holes K, and when
the air in H had reached a certain pressure this would exude through the holes J
into the larger chamber M formed by the tyre E, and when the pressure of air
in the chamber M equals or exceeds that in the chamber H, the larger volume in
M would press the flap L firmly down upon and close the holes J in H, notwith-
standing which the pressure of air in E, would still be sufficient to retain the
edges G and G', firmly within the curves or curls C and D, for retaining the tyre
upon the rim, substantially as at Fig. 1.
To remove the tyre, the chamber H would be deflated, and the consequent
collapse of this would allow the air in M, to escape beneath the flap L, partly
through the holes J, and partly around H, and between the latter and the curl
or curve D, when punctures may be repaired by patches cemented upon the inner
surface of E, after which the tyre may be again fixed in position as previously
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
-
(1) A pneumatic tyre without an independent or separate air chamber, and
adapted to be inflated and retained upon the rim of the wheel, by the inflation
of a tube, connected to one of the edges of the said tyre, substantially as herein
set forth and shewn.
(2) In combination, an elastic tyre such as E, having swollen edges such as G
and G, adapted to fit the incurved or curled edges C and D, of a rim A, one of
the said edges having an inflatable tube or chamber H, provided with holes
and J, and the other a flexible flap L, adapted to cover and close the said holes J,
substantially as and for the purposes herein described and shewn by the appended
drawings.