IMPROVEMENTS IN SPANNERS, THE IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES "
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Charles Bauer of Bathurst, River Gambia, but
temporarily of Tavistock Place, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPANNERS, THE IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Charles Bauer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th Juno 1883.
JOHN CHARLES BAUER of Bathurst, River Gambia, but temporarily of Tavistock
Place, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPANNERS, THE
IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
This invention relates to improvements chiefly applicable to spanners or
wrenches, but also applicable to certain other tools such as nippers, punches and
drill braces, the object of the improvements being to render such tools more efficient.
and simple in their action.
In constructing a spanner or wrench according to my invention I form the
spanner in two parts, one part carrying the upper jaw and the other part the lower
jaw and I connect the two parts together linkwise or by means of a link arrange-
ment in such a manner that when the spanner is grasped in the hand the jaws are
closed against the screw nut or other article to be operated on without necessitating
any adjustment of the spanner as has hitherto been necessary, my. link arrangement
making the spanner self-adjusting.
It will be obvious that my link arrangement is also applicable to other tools such
as nippers, punches and drill braces, and that two or more tools can be so combined,
as to be operated by one link arrangement.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Charles Bauer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th November 1883.
JOHN CHARLES BAUER of Bathurst, River Gambia, but temporarily of Tavistock
Place in the county of Middlesex, Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPANNERS, THE
IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
'"
This invention relates to improvements chiefly applicable to spanners or
wrenches, but also applicable to certain other tools, such as nippers, punches and
drill braces, the object of the improvements being to render such tools more efficient
and simple in their action.
In constructing a spanner or wrench. according to my invention I form the
spanner in two parts, one part carrying the upper jaw and the other part the lower
jaw and I connect the two parts together link wise or by means of a link arrange-
ment in such a manner that when the spanner is grasped in the hand the jaws are
closed against the screw nut or other article to be operated on without necessitating
any adjustment of the spanner as has hitherto been necessary, my link arrangement.
making the spanner self-adjusting.
It will be obvious that my link arrangement is also applicable to other tools such
as nippers, punches and drill braces, and that two or more tools can be so combined
as to be operated by one link arrangement.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawing which represents views of
wrenches or spanners constructed according to several modifications of my invention.
Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
In figures 1 and 2, a, and b, are tho two parts of the spanner or wrench, the
part a, carrying the upper jaw c, and the part b, carrying the lower jaw d; the twở
parts a, and b, aré connected or linked together at the lower end by a bolt, stud or
rivet at e, so that the two parts of the spanner or wrench can move on the, said
pivot in order to open or close the jaws c, and d, from or towards one another;
figures 1, and 2 shew the spanner or wrench in its closed position the dotted lines
figure 1, shewing the spanner or wrench partly opened. From this construction it
will be obvious that if it be desired to screw up a nut or other article, or to perform
a like operation, it will be merely necessary to partly open the spanner into the
position shewn by the dotted lines figure 1; and that by then grasping the spanner
in the hand the jaws c, and d, will be closed against the nut or other article to be
operated upon without necessitating any adjustment of the spanner as has hitherto
been necessary, the improved spanner being self adjusting; further, in turning,
screwing home or unscrewing a nut or other article, the grip thereon is increased
in proportion to the force required to move it, and on the return motion of the
spanner for a fresh grip the jaws release their hold and pass freely over the corners
of the nut, or other article, thereby avoiding the necessity of alternately raising and
replacing the spanner as bitherto.
In the arrangement shewn in figures 3 and 4, the two parts ȧ, and b, of the
spanner are connected or linked together at e, as bereinbefore described but are
also provided with an additional link f, which link f, serves to limit the extent of
opening of the two parts of the spanner from one another. In this arrangement the
holo in one of the parts of the spanner through which the bolt, stud or rivet e,
passes is elongated as shewn in dotted lines, to allow the parts to open from one
another.
The operation is substantially the same as that of the spanner shewn in figures
1. and 2

page_text: In figures 5 and 6 the two parts of the spanner are connected together by a pair
of links f, f, so that the parts move parallel to one another as will be understood
without further description.
-
The spanner shewn in figures 7 and 8 is constructed similarly to that shewn in
figures 3 and 4 but with the addition of a punch g; so that the spanner may also
be used for punching rivet holes and the like.
Any of the spanners herein before described may be provided with suitable
cutting holes or edges so as to serve as nippers, and they may also be provided
with a screw driver as shewn at h, figures 1 and 2.
Spanners constructed as hereinbefore described and represented in the drawing
may be advantageously used as drill braces.
Having thus described my said invention and the manner of performing the
same I wish it to be understood that what I claim and intend to be protected by
the herein in part recited Letters Patent is :-
Firstly. A spanner formed in two parts connected together linkwise or by a link
arrangement in such a manner that the act of grasping the spanner in the hand
closes and adjusts the jaws thereof against the screw nut or other article to be
turned substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Secondly. The manufacture and use of the improved spanners hereinbeforo
described and represented in the several figures of the accompanying drawing.
In Witness whereof I the said John Charles Bauer have hereto set my hand
and seal this twenty ninth day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three
Witness
G F REDFERN
Patent Agent
4 South St Finsbury
J. C BAUEK (LS)