improvements in Kidge and other Tiles.
Year: 1897

page_text: improvements in Kidge and other Tiles.
I, SHADRACH Buck of Osborne House, High Road, Loughton, in the County of
Essex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows.
My invention relates to improvements in ridge and other tiles.
The principal object of it is to provide for the end of one tile to fit up to the
end of the one last laid, more perfectly than heretofore, and further to maintain
that fit and the consequent alignment.
It consists, generally, in the combination with the end of each tile of one half
of an interlocking device the other half of the same device being combined with
what will be in the tiler's hands, the adjacent end of the tile last laid on the ridge.
Consequently, each tile has the two halves of the device incorporate with, one
at one end and the other half at the other end but each end finds its comple-
mentary and co-operating half in the respectively adjacent tile.
As types of interlocking devices which satisfy the requirements of my inven-
tion, I instance the two following:-
A ridge projects from the end of one tile and a groove stands within the end
of the adjacent tile. The under faces of both ridge and groove are flush with
the under surface of the two tiles respectively, and the thickness of the ridge and
the width of the groove are, more or less equal, neither being, preferably, more
than half that of the respective tile. The ridge is not wider than the groove.
It is therefore adapted to fit in the groove in the ends of the tile, the ends of the
two tiles butting up towards each.
A ridge projects from the end of the tile and a slot stands within the end of
the opposite tile. Both ridge and slot stand in the middle of the respective tile
end, being equidistant from the upper and under faces of the tiles, respectively.
The ridge is a little thinner than a slot in order that it may readily enter it,
and not wider than it in order that the ends of the two tiles may fit up to each
other.
The important feature of the invention is not the cross section of the device
but the faculty of interlocking in such a way as shall enable each tile to support
the weight of its neighbour, and to in that way, help to prevent the ridge or row,
as a whole, serpentining or sagging; and for that reason, any device which is
capable of providing the faculty in question, falls within the scope of the present
invention.
The latter also includes under-cutting or grooving the bottom horizontal edges
of my improved tiles for roof ridges to receive the top edges of the top row of
slates or other flat roof covering.
The widths and depths of the respective half devices may be further diminished

page_text: below the dimensions above described to make room for a sufficient quantity
of cement.
Dated this 19th day of February 1807
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
improvements in Ridge and other Tes.
I, SHADRACH BUCK, of Osborne House, High Road, Loughton in the County of
Essex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained 1
in and by the following statement:—
The present invention relates to improvements in ridge tiles and other tiles.
The principal object being to prevent a series or row of such tiles as a whole from
sagging or serpentining or otherwise departing from true alignment.
I find that the object in view is best attained by so forming the ends of each 1
tile that it will have a hold in the ends of the adjacent ones in the series and
also by so forming the bottom edges of such tiles in such manner that they will
have a hold on the adjacent series or row. Thus, for convenience of description
my invention may be divided into two parts.
In carrying the first part of my invention into effect I form upon the ends of 2
the tiles one half of an engaging or interlocking device, so that each tile possesses
two halves of such device incorporate with it, one on each end thereof, such that
when their respective ends are brought together one will form the complement of
the other and the coition of the two will form the desired joint.
Thus the inportant feature of the invention is not the particular form given
to the edges of the tiles but providing tiles with edges possessing the faculty of
engaging or interlocking with each other in such a way as shall enable each
tile to support the weight of the adjacent ones both in the same series as also
those in the next row or rows.
I will not proceed to describe with the aid of the accompanying drawings two a
practical methods of carrying out my invention, but, as hinted above, these are
only instances and I do not confine myself to the precise form either of the
tiles or their edges.
Referring to the said drawings, figure 1 is an end elevation of a ridge-tile
constructed in accordance with my invention, shown in position upon the comb-
tiles of a roof and illustrating a flush rebate-joint for joining the ridge tiles end
to end, and an undercut or half lap joint for connecting the ridge-tiles to the
comb-tiles. Figure 2 shows in front elevation, two ridge-tiles complete and
joined together, and a portion of another detached. Figures 3 and 4 are similar
views to figures 1 and 2 but illustrate a tongue-and-groove joint for joining both
the end and bottom edges of the tile.
An ordinary ridge tile A (figures 1 and 2) is provided with one half of a
rebate joint a on the edges at one end, and a corresponding half 6 on the edges
at the other end, so that when two such tiles are brought together in laying them,
the half on the end of one will fit into and engage with the corresponding half
in the end of the other and so form a joint capable of resisting a certain amount
of lateral strain as desired. In place of the two halves of a rebate joint a
tongue e or other projection may be formed on one end of the tile and a groove d,
or other recess formed in the other end so that when two such tiles are brought

page_text: together end to end, the projection on the one will fit into and engage in the
recess in the adjacent one and so effect the desired joint.
The second part of my invention consists in so forming the bottom edges of
ridge or other tiles that they, when laid, will have a grip or hold of the adjacent
tiles in the next row or rows. Two methods of effecting this are shown. In
figures 1 and 2 the said junction is effected by providing the bottom edges e of
the ridge-tiles, and the adjacent edges f of the comb-tiles, with an undercut
portion, and the edges lapped over each other so that an undercut lap joint is
produced. In figures 3 and 4 the adjacent edges of the ridge-tiles and the comb-
tiles are provided with a groove and tongue respectively, the tongue on the comb-
tile fitting into the groove in the ridge-tile.
Thus from the above description it will be seen that instead of the tiles simply
overlapping or abutting against each other, the edges are so formed that the
edges of each tile when laid are engaged or interlocked with those of the adjacent
tiles, and that this locking may take place either jointly or severally between
those in the same row or series or those in the next row or series.
A suitable cement would be applied between any or all of such joints for extra
strength, impermeability and rigidity, when required. In the drawing the
cement is indicated by the letter g.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
A ridge or other tile having projecting and recessed edges such that the edges
of one tile will engage or interlock with and form the complement of the edges
of another when laid in position.
01
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.
Agents for the Applicant.