Improvements in and in or connected with the Manufacture of Velocipede and other Wheels.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 15th Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in or connected with the Manufacture of
Velocipede and other Wheels.
We, HENRY MULVANY, of "Woodlands," Queen's Park, Chester, in the county of
Chester, Manager, and ERNEST RICHARD ROYSTON, of 15 Water Street, Liverpool,
in the county of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to construct velocipede and other wheels-
particularly those used as supports of various kinds of machines and vehicles and on
which they run or are moved, such as bicycles, tricycles, railway rolling-stock, and
tramcar wheels, perambulators, barrows, and so forth of a simple and strong
form, and to manufacture same in a simple and rapid manner and by simple machines
or tools.
A velocipede, perambulator, or analogous wheel according to this invention consists
of two sheet metal circular dises, a hub to which said sheets are connected and at
which the discs are spread apart, a rubber tire, and a circular groove in the periphery
of said discs, in which said rubber tire is placed and held.
The tire groove according to one construction may be made by providing the discs
at their edges with curved outward beads. According to another construction a
separate grooved ring may be attached to the peripheries of the discs. Or, again,
a combination of both may be employed. In the case of the disc edges being
curved, they may be strengthened if desired by lapping the edges over and round, so
as to form a double thickness of metal.
In the case of railway rolling-stock, tramway rolling-stock, and like wheels, the
discs would be provided with metallic tires, and both discs and the tire fastened
together preferably by rivetting, bolts and nuts, or welding.
The discs may in some instances, or for certain reasons, be corrugated, and the
corrugation or corrugations may be disposed concentrically, or radially, or even
diagonally or tangentially, accordingly as one or other may be deemed requisite or
expedient.
In order to make the wheels especially light, the discs may have apertures formed in
them, or cut out of them, between the hub and the periphery.
For ordinary horse-drawn vehicles the wheels may either be provided with the
rubber tire or metallic tire, as desired.
For bicycle, tricycle, and other like wheels, in which lightness is required, I use
thin sheet steel or other suitable metal for the discs, and I stamp these discs into the
desired form, that is, a flat cone, between dies constructed or corresponding in shape
to the disc and worked in suitable stamping or pressing machinery. Of course, these
discs will vary according to the kind of wheels, above specified, required.
According to another way of making the discs, I fix them to or in connection with
a face plate of corresponding form to that which it is desired to impart to said discs
and then rotate them and bring a suitable roller or other tool to bear upon the
revolving surface, pressing the metal disc against the face plate (which is really a
die) and so causing it to assume the contour of the face plate.
For heavier and stronger forms of wheels, the latter mode of making the flat coned
discs would not be so suitable as the stamping or pressing mode above described, and
hence in making heavy wheels I use the first described mode of manufacture.
In stamping the discs, holes may also be punched in the discs whenever required,
by which the two discs may be fastened together by rivetting or equivalent means.
Or, if this mode is not practicable in certain cases, the holes may be afterwards
punched in them.

page_text: In bicycle and tricycle wheels, and the like, these holes may be arranged in a ring
just below the tire groove or ring, where the two discs may touch, directly, or
indirectly by means of an inserted ring.
The stamping may be done while the metal is hot, or cold.
In cases where the tire groove is formed in and by the discs, and where this is to
be strengthened by making it a double thickness of metal, the rim or edge of the
discs may be first turned or lapped over and then the groove formed, or vice versa.
Dated this 3rd day of April 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in or connected with the Manufacture of
Velocipede and other Wheels.
We, HENRY MULVANY, of "Woodlands," Queen's Park, Chester, in the County
of Chester, Manager, and ERNEST RICHARD ROYSTON, of 20, Fern Grove, Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
This invention has for its object to construct velocipede and other wheels-but
particularly those of various kinds of bicycles, tricycles, perambulators, and the like
of a simple and strong form, and to manufacture same in a simple and rapid
manner and by simple machines or tools.
A velocipede, perambulator, or analogous wheel according to this invention consists
of two sheet metal circular discs; a hub, to which said sheets are connected and at
which the discs are spread apart; a rubber tire; and a circular groove in the periphery
of said discs, in which said rubber tire is placed and held.
The tire groove according to one construction, may be made by forming the discs
at their edges with curved outward beads. According to another construction, a
separate grooved ring may be attached to the periphery of the dises. Or, again, a
combination of both may be employed. In the case of the disc edges being curved,
they may be strengthened if desired, by lapping the edges over and round, so as to
form a double thickness of metal.
The discs may, in some instances, or for certain reasons, be corrugated, and the
corrugation or corrugations may be disposed concentrically or radially, or even
diagonally, or tangentially, accordingly as one or other may be deemed requisite
or expedient.
In order to make the wheels especially light, the discs may have apertures formed
in them, or cut out of them, between the hub and the periphery.
As lightness is a great advantage in bicycle, tricycle, and other like wheels, we use
thin sheet steel or other suitable metal for the discs, and 1 stamp these discs into the
desired form that is, a flat cone-between dies constructed or corresponding in shape
to the disc, and worked in suitable stamping or pressing machinery. Of course, these
discs will vary, according to the kind of wheels, above specified, required.
According to another way of making the discs, we fixed them to or in connection
with a face plate of corresponding form to that which it is desired to impart to
said discs, and then rotate them and bring a suitable roller or other suitable
tool to bear upon the revolving surface, pressing the metal disc against the face
plate (which is really a die) and so causing it to assume the contour of the face
plate.
For heavier and stronger forms of wheels, the latter mode of making the flat
coned discs would not be so suitable as the stamping or pressing mode above
described, and hence in making heavy wheels we use the first described mode of
manufacture.
In stamping the dies, holes may also be punched in the discs whenever required,
by which the two discs may be fastened together by rivetting or equivalent means.

page_text: Or, if this mode is not practicable in certain cases, the holes may be afterwards punched
in them. These holes may be arranged in a ring just below the tire groove or ring,
at which point the two discs may touch, directly, or indirectly by means of an
inserted ring.
The stamping may be done while the metal is hot, or cold.
In cases where the tire groove is formed in and by the discs, and where this is to be
strengthened by making it a double thickness of metal, the rim or edge of the discs
may be first turned or lapped over and then the groove formed, or vice versa.
In the drawings which serve to illustrate our invention, Figure 1 shows a wheel in
cross section. a is the hub or boss of the wheel; bare the thin sheet metal discs
which connect the hub and rim together; .c represents the outwardly turned edges of
the discs 6 forming together a groove; and d is a rubber tire which fits in and is held
by the groove formed by the edges c.
These discs b may be stamped or spun into the section shown, as above described.
Directly beneath the tire d the two discs come together and at this point they are
rivetted or equivalently fastened together. At the hub or boss the discs are provided
with central holes, within which fit the ends of the hub or boss as shown in Figure 1;
and the edges of the discs surrounding these apertures are rivetted or otherwise
equivalently connected to the flanges a¹ of the hub or boss a.
Fig. 2 shows a modified form of construction of the edges or peripheries c; it
consists in forming the periphery c outwards for a quarter of a circle and then again
inwards; this is clearly shown in the Figure.
The rim c
Fig. 3 shows the edges forming the grooved rim constructed as a soparate thing,
the peripheries of the two discs 6 lying outside the web c² of the rim c.
and discs 6 in this case are rivetted or equivalently fixed together at e.
The rim c shown in Fig. 4 is constructed substantially as that shown in Fig. 2 (i.e. of
double thickness), but forms a separate thing from the discs b, it being fastened to
said discs in the manner shown and described with reference to Fig. 3.
In Figure 5 is shown a rim of duplex form, that is, the discs are flared out as in
Figure 1, and inside the groove so formed, a grooved rim proper, c, is provided. The
flared out edges of the discs are designated c¹. The discs and tho rim care rivetted
or equivalently connected together as described with reference to Figure 3.
The discs 6 may be made of thin sheet steel or other suitable metal having great
strength for a given weight and section; and they may be made bright or oxidised as
may be desired.
Having particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention, and
the manner of performing the same, we wish it to be understood the invention is not
limited to the precise construction or form of the details or parts shown in and
described with reference to the drawings; and we declare that what we claim in
respect of the herein described invention is :-
1. The construction of velocipede and other like wheels, substantially as herein
described that is to say, wheels consisting of a metallic hub or boss, two sheet metal
circular discs, a grooved rim formed on or connected to the edges or peripheries of
said discs, and a rubber tire arranged in and held by said grooved rim.
2. In a velocipede or other like wheel, the employment of sheet metal circular
discs, (such as b), provided with a grooved rim at the periphery, and connected to the
hub or boss at the centre; as, or substantially as, described.
3. The construction of velocipede or other like wheels as set forth, respectively with
reference to the different views of the drawings.
4. The mode or method of manufacturing the discs & with grooved peripheries c,
substantially as herein described for the purposes specified.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1890.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicants' Patent Agents.