IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BISCUITS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the firm of Hughes &
Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BISCUITS."-A com-
munication from Messrs. Pascal and Sirben, residing at Toulouse,
Département de la Haute Garonne, in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 5th July 1859, and dated the 27th January 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th January 1859.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the firm of Hughes & Son, Patent Agents,
123, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BISCUITS," a com-
munication from Messrs. Pascal and Sirben, residing at Toulouse, Département
de la Haute Garonne, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
A certain quantity of gluten produced from the manufacture of starch is
mixed and kneaded with wheaten flour or other farinaceous vegetable, and
then mixed with oil, butter, or other similar nutritious matters in suitable
proportions.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th July 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the firm of Hughes & Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery
Lane, London, W.C., send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence
that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BISCUITS," a communication from Messrs. Pascal and Sirben,
residing at Toulouse, Département de la Haute Garonne, in the Empire of
France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Thomas
Hughes, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say :-
Gluten as generally produced from the manufacture of starch or similar
substance is mixed and kneaded with wheaten flour or other farinaceous
vegetable, and then mixed with oil, butter, or similar nutritious matters in the
following proportions:-To 1 kilogramme of gluten is added about 800
grammes of flour or its equivalent, to which may be added about 40 grammes
of olive oil or fresh butter, and then kneaded or mixed and baked in the
ordinary method of making biscuits, which will be found very superior to any

page_text: biscuits hitherto produced, especially for the navy and army, and travellers
generally; the advantages being as follows:-
Firstly, economy in price.
Secondly, a saving in the consumption of corn.
Thirdly, the length of time it will continue fit for use, as it never hardens
nor becomes unpleasant to the taste.
Fourthly, the ease with which it is masticated.
Fifthly, its nutritive qualities.
Sixthly, its impermiability against the effects of the sea air.
Seventhly, its agreeable taste.
And, eighthly, the advantageous use of gluten, which has hitherto been
entirely lost or never made available for human food.
Having thus fully described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which it is to be performed, as communicated to me by the
said Messrs. Pascal and Sirben, I desire it to be distinctly understood
that I do not confine myself to the exact proportions herein set forth, as they
may be varied according to the qualities of the substances used; but I claim
the use and amalgamation of gluten with flour or other farinaceous sub-
stance, with the addition of oil or butter at discretion, for the manufacture of
biscuits.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the-
within-named Edward Thomas
Hughes in the presence of
JULES MULOT,
Clerk to Hughes & Son.