Improvements in Coin-freed Photographic Apparatus.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th May, 1894-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Coin-freed Photographic Apparatus.
I, PAUL EUGÈNE MALLET, of 2, Rue de Compiègne, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
This invention relates to photographic apparatus which automatically perform
the operations necessary for obtaining the photograph of a person or object in front
of the objective of the apparatus after the insertion therein of one or more
predetermined coins.
The photograph is obtained on plates of metal, glass, cardboard or other
suitable material previously rendered sensitive to light and stored up in the
apparatus.
According to my invention the mechanism is operated by a weight or spring and
in order that the predetermined coin may be inserted in the apparatus the
mechanism is so arranged as not to allow of the insertion of the coin until the
weight is wound up or the spring placed in tension by a pull knob at the disposal
of the public so that the machine is only then in a position to be operated by the
coin, that is to say, each person using the machine is, before inserting the coin in
the apparatus, obliged to put the mechanism in an operative condition by winding
up the weight or by putting the spring in tension.
When the apparatus has been put in operative condition by the insertion therein
of the predetermined coin and by operating the knob, the following operations will
take place
1: The objective or lens is opened then closed in order that the image made by
it impresses the plate in the dark chamber and which is brought into position
there when the person operating the apparatus pulls the knob to wind up the
apparatus.
2. The plate is dipped into the vessel containing the developing bath.
3. The developing bath is then emptied from the vessel and the plate allowed
to fall therefrom.
4. The plate from the preceding vessel falls into the vessel containing the fixing
bath.
5. The fixing bath is then emptied from the vessel and the plate allowed to fall
therefrom.
6. The plate containing the fixed photograph is then brought under a jet of water
which washes it.
7. The photograph is then delivered to the person using the apparatus.
All the mechanism is enclosed in a kind of box, contained in a case, a knob at
the end of a rod serves to wind up the apparatus by means of a rack acting on a
pinion cast on a second pinion which in its turn raises a rack carrying a weight,
this rack engages at its upper part with a pinion loose on a spindle which carries
the principal parts which will be hereinafter described.
I will now describe the various parts of the mechanism at the same time
indicating their manner of working. When the weight has been raised the person
using the machine inserts a coin (a penny for example) in the money slot. In
falling this coin depresses a forked lever which carries with it a bent lever and
another lever, the first disengages a disc mounted on the main spindle, the other
liberates a fly destined to regulate the descent of the rack carrying the weight, the

page_text: coin in depressing the lever passes to a vertical chute and thence into a box.
After the coin leaves the pivotted lever the latter is raised but only partially
because the bent lever has not met its engaging notch in the disc whereby the fork
terminating the lever closes the money slot and prevents the insertion of another
coin.
Before introducing the coin into the slot, the knob must be pulled and by means
of the rack of this knob, the toothed wheels loose on the same spindle are put in
movement and one of these wheels raises the rack carrying the weight. The
weight having been thus raised any further operation of the knob will be without
effect until the photograph has been taken and delivered to the person using the
machine. By pulling the pull knob there is put in operation a pulley round which
passes an endless cord passing from a pulley of an upper spindle; this cord is kept
in tension by two weights the latter of which is heavier than the former.
The upper spindle effects the opening of the shutter of the objective, that is to
say, it measures the time of exposure. For this purpose the main spindle of the
disc regulates, by means of two plates which turn in opposite directions, a vertical
spindle. This spindle by an upper lever successively arrests two arms of the spindle
carrying the plate to which is connected the shutter. The time of exposure can be
varied as required the ringing of a bell announcing the commencement and the end
of the time of exposure. The disc on the main spindle is provided with a projection
which causes a crank lever to allow the plate to fall from the dark chamber after
receiving the image; the plate falls into a vessel containing the developing bath.
Under the action of the weight of a rack combined with a cam on the main spindle
the vessel first turns through about 45 degrees in order to empty part of its
contents, and then turns still further to completely empty its contents into a
receiver whence the liquid is conducted by a pipe into another receiver; the vessel
continues this movement of rotation until it is completely reversed, the plate with
the developed photograph then falls into a second vessel containing the fixing bath,
which vessel turns in the same manner as the vessel containing the developing bath
and is emptied and then being completely reversed it allows the plate with the
fixed photograph to fall upon an inclined plane at the lower part of which it is
washed with water.
The inclined plane has a slight movement of oscillation around an axis to enable
the plate to clear a stop and bring it onto a continuation of the inclined plane
whence the photograph is delivered outside the apparatus. The sensitive plates
are supplied from the upper part of the apparatus and are placed radially in a
circular box which by meaus of the pull knob is caused to turn a distance equal to
the space between two adjacent plates, this rotation is effected by means of
projections of the rod of the pull knob which projections operate a lever having a
pawl, which rotates a ratchet wheel fixed on the lower end of a vertical shaft
which carries the box containing the plates so that these plates are successfully
brought over an opening in the dark chamber the said opening being uncovered by
a slide.
The same mechanism by suitable additions can simultaneously deliver frames for
framing the photographs, and an illuminating apparatus may be employed for
throwing a light upon the person using the apparatus during the time of exposure;
any suitable light may be employed such as electric light, magnesium light, &c.
Dated the 12th day of August 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Coin-freed Photographic Apparatus.
I, PAUL EUGENE MALLET, of 2, Rue de Compiègne, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to photographic apparatus which automatically perform
the operations necessary for obtaining the photograph of a person or object in front
of the objective of the apparatus after the insertion therein of a predetermined
coin.
The photographs are obtained on plates of metal, glass, cardboard or other
suitable material previously rendered sensitive to light and stored up in the
apparatus.
According to my invention the mechanism is operated by a weight or spring
and in order that the predetermined coin may be inserted in the apparatus the
mechanism is so arranged as not to allow of the insertion of the coin until the
weight is wound up or the spring placed in tension by a pull-knob at the disposal
of the public so that the machine is only then in a position to be operated by the
coin, that is to say, each person using the machine is, before inserting the coin in
the apparatus, obliged to put the mechanism in an operative condition by winding
up the weight or by putting the spring in tension.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a front sectional elevation; and,
Figure 2 is a side sectional elevation of a coin-freed photographic apparatus
constructed according to my invention':
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a vertical section and a plan of a magazine or
holder for the prepared plates:
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation illustrating means for regulating the flow of the
developing liquid and of the fixing liquid:
Figure 6 is an elevation shewing the form of the vessels I employ for containing
the said liquids :
Figure 7 shews front, side, and plan views of one of the reservoirs in which the
developing and fixing baths act upon the plate after exposure:
Figures 8 and 9 are face views of the cams which cause the liquids to flow from
their respective containing vessels into their corresponding reservoirs at the proper
time:
Figure 10 is a section of the mechanism which allows the period of exposure to
be varied:
Figure 11 is a plan of the mechanism which effects the distribution of the
sensitive plates :
Figure 12 is a plan of the parts for effecting the exposure:
Figure 13 is a section on the line 1-2 of Figure 1 shewing in detail the grooved
pulley for raising the weight with its ratchet having one tooth and its pawl:
Figure 14 is a section on the line 3-4 of Figure 1:
Figure 15 is a section on the line 5-6 of Figure 1.
When the apparatus has been wound up by a person about to use it operating
the knob and set at work by the insertion therein of the predetermined coin, the
following operations take place
(1) The objective or lens is opened and then closed in order that the image made
by it shall be impressed upon the plate in the dark chamber and which is brought
into position there when the person operating the apparatus pulls the knob to wind
up the apparatus.
(2) The plate is dipped into the reservoir containing the developing bath.

page_text: veloping bath is then emptied from the reservoir and the plate allowed
to fall therefrom.
(4) The plate from the preceding reservoir falls into the reservoir containing
the fixing bath.
(5) The fixing bath is then emptied from the reservoir and the plate allowed to
fall therefrom.
(6) The plate containing the fixed photograph is then brought under a jet of
water which washes it.
(7) The photograph is then delivered to the person using the apparatus.
All the mechanism is enclosed in a kind of box a contained in a case a¹. A
knob at the end of a rod 6' serves to wird up the apparatus by means of a rack 63
acting on a pinion c cast in one piece with a second pinion c which in its turn
raises a rack d' carrying the operating weight d². This rack d' engages at its
upper part with a pinion d³ loose on a spindle d which carries the principal parts as
will be hereinafter described.
I will now describe the various parts of the mechanism at the same time indicating
their manner of working.
The drawing shews the position of the parts when the operating weight d has
been raised or wound up. If, now, a person insert a coin (a penny for example) in
the money slot e, the coin will enter an aperture fo in a lever f, which will oscillate
beneath the weight of the coin, the said lever f being keyed upon a shaft which
then rotates. A cranked lever f³ becomes inclined when moved by the shaft fl on
which it is fixed and passes out of a notch f' in a disc d'. The straight lever f³ also
keyed upon the shaft is raised. When at rest the fly-regulator g bears against
the lever f; it will now, therefore, be free to turn; it is mounted upon the last
shaft of a train of gearing the first shaft of which is engaged with the actuating
rack which directly receives the action of the weight d. The fly-regulator
being no longer retained the rack d' will commence to descend, and cause a
pinion d³ to turn, which pinion is loose upon the shaft d and fixed to a ratchet
wheel d' which actuates the disc d' by the pawl de fixed to the said disc. This
disc keyed upon the main shaft d actuates the latter.
The inclination of the lever therefore allows the shaft d to revolve. The
fly connected by gearing to the rack d' compels the rack to descend with a uniform
movement and consequently the shaft d to revolve with a regular movement.
The coin supported by cheeks h (shewn in dotted lines) rolls over a curved
surface (shewn also in dotted lines). When the coin, in inclining the lever f,
has descended sufficiently far, it drops off the lever because it is then no longer
retained by the curved surface 1, and falls into a chute formed by an extension of
the cheeks and thence into a coin receptacle.
The lever, when the coin leaves it, rises. The disc d having revolved, the
lever will not be opposite the notch made in the disc d but will bear upon
the periphery of the disc and the lever cannot therefore resume the horizontal
position indicated. in the drawing; it remains slightly inclined, in which position
it closes the opening e. During the course of an operation the public. cannot.
therefore uselessly introduce a coin into the apparatus.
The main shaft d in rotating causes a disc 3, (Figures 1; 10 and 12) keye.l
thereon, to revolve; this disc is provided with a tooth or projection which strikes
a lever fixed upon a vertical shaft, which is thereby slightly turned and
actuates an upper lever . This lever releases an arm which presses against
it and which is keyed on a horizontal. shaft k carrying a grooved pulley i³ and a
crank plate k both of which are also keyed on the shaft k. Over the pulley
passes an endless cord which also passes beneath a pulley which. is loaded
with a weight; it then passes over a pulley keyed upon a shaft ; this shaft
cannot rotate under the action of the weight because it is provided with a
ratchet. wheel 12, Figure 14, in engagement with a pawl fixed to the left hand side
of the box a. The cord then passes over a pulley which is loaded with a weight"
and finally returns over the pulley.. The weight is heavier than the weight i".

page_text: The shaft carrying the pulley being released, in consequence of the movement
of the shaft as clearly explained, turns under the action of the weight whilst
the weight is raised. When this shaft k has performed half a revolution an
arm comes against the under side of the lever and the shaft k is stopped.
A crank plate k through the medium of its crank-pin k¹ engages in a slot k³ in a
shutter, and causes the said shutter to descend. An opening made in this
shutter is brought in a line with the axis of a tube 7 and opposite to an opening k
made in the case a¹. The tube k contains an objective. The sensitized plate
which is placed in the dark chamber n at the inner end of the tube k' (in the
manner hereinafter described) receives and is impressed with the image of whatever
is placed in a line with the axis of the tube 7. A disc 1 (Figures 1 and 2) is
mounted loose upon the shaft d. Bevel pinions d' and d which are of equal size
are fixed to the discs 13 and 13 and gear with a bevel-pinion d. The disc "
therefore turns in an opposite direction to that of the disc ". The pinion d' is
loose upon a small shaft do suspended from the shaft d, as clearly shewn in
Figure 10.
When the shaft d turns and the disc ¹³ acts, by means of its tooth or projection,
upon the lever keyed upon the vertical shaft i2, the lever is slightly withdrawn
from the disc performing, with the shaft i, a movement of rotation; but in this
movement the lever ", which is rigidly connected with and diametrically opposed
to the lever, is consequently moved towards the disc to the same extent
that is withdrawn from 3 and as this disc " is also provided with a tooth or
projection on its periphery but turns in an opposite direction to the direction of
rotation of the disc, the said tooth will strike the lever i and the shaft * will
be caused to turn in an opposite direction to that of its first movement and through
the same angle. When the lever 3 leaves the arm the shaft k is liberated and
revolves, being actuated by the pulley i*. When it has made a half revolution
the arm is again engaged beneath the lever and the shaft k is stopped. The
shutter actuated by the crank-plate is raised and occupies its former position
in which it closes the tube k' and consequently the lens and the plate no longer
receive the action of the light and the exposure is complete.
The sensitized plate when it is at the end n of the dark chamber rests upon
the part o of a lever o¹. This lever is keyed on a shaft of which is fixed to a
lever o. The exposure being finished a pin of on the disc d' acts upon the end
of the lever o, and the shaft o' being thereby caused to revolve with the lever o',
the part o of this lever passes out of the dark chamber n. The sensitized plate
with the impression thereon falls, by its own weight, into the reservoir m which
has been previously filled with the developing bath in the following manner :-
Upon the main shaft d is keyed a plate m' (Figures 1 and 5). Over this plate
runs a roller m² fixed to a bent lever m³, m which carries a bucket m³ full of
mercury. This lever is loose upon its shaft m. A tube m' (Figures 5 and 6)
dips into the mercury in the bucket m' and into the developing liquid contained
in the closed supply vessel m³.
A tube m extends from the lower part of the vessel m³ (Figure 6) to the open
top or mouth of the reservoir m, Figure 2. The disc m¹ in revolving causes a
swell or projection m10 thereon to rock the bent lever m², m; the tube m' will
then no longer dip in the mercury, air will enter the vessel m³ and the liquid will
thereby be allowed to flow into the reservoir m; when the projection mo has
passed away from the roller m³, the lever resumes its former position, air can no
longer enter the vessel m³ and the liquid ceases to flow into the reservoir m.
The reservoir m is mounted upon a shaft p having a pinion g keyed thereon.
This pinion gears with an intermediate pinion q' which is in engagement with a
vertical rack g. The lower end of this rack rests upon a cam q³ fixed to the
disc d. The part 9, 9 of this cam is concentric with the shaft d. When the
part passes away from the rack q' the latter by its own weight falls onto
the part q which is also concentric with the shaft d. In falling it causes the
shaft P to turn and the reservoir m to be inclined at an angle which will cause

page_text: the bath which has been used to flow into a discharging sink p' and thence
through a tube p³ into a vessel situated at the bottom of the machine. The
developed plate is held by two plates p² and p placed edgeways. The cam 9'
continuing to rotate, the part q' concentric with the shaft d passes away from the
rack q which then falls upon the part which is concentric with the shaft d moving
with it the shaft p; the reservoir then assumes a vertical position, its mouth being
downwards. The developed plate passes out of the reservoir in by its own weight
and falls into the reservoir r which is then vertical and has its mouth upwards;
it has previously been quite filled, in a similar manner to the reservoir m, but with
fixing liquid which is stored in a vessel similar to that shewn at m³ and herein-
before referred to. The disc having the swell or projection which operates the
lever carrying the mercury bucket for filling the reservoir r is shewn at r', the
lever at and the bucket at r. When the reservoir m is completely inverted,
the eccentric portion of the cam q³ gradually lifts up the rack as the shaft d
⚫turns. The rack actuating the shaft p, will cause the reservoir m to turn and
resume its upright position shewn in the drawing.
The second reservoir r is mounted on a shaft p' operated like the shaft
p by a
vertical rack p actuated by a cam shewn in dotted lines in Figure 2 and which
operates exactly in the same manner as the cam 9. At the required moment, the
reservoir ŕ is therefore inclined sufficiently and empties the fixing bath which has
just been used into the sink s; the fixed plate is held by two plates 3, placed
edgeways in the same manner as when it has just been developed. The reservoir r
then takes a vertical position with its mouth downwards and the fixed plate falls
onto a chute st.
In the preceding description I have supposed that the reservoirs filled with
their respective baths were placed vertically with their mouths upwards. But in
this vertical position the reservoirs are somewhat in the vertical plane of the most
delicate parts of the mechanism and if one of the reservoirs in being filled should
accidentally overflow, the liquid would not fall into the receiving vessel but would
splash these parts, corrode them, and consequently injure the machine.
To prevent the injurious effects which would result from such an accident it is
only necessary that the reservoirs whilst being filled should be slightly inclined so
that the mouths of the reservoirs should be situated outside the said plane and
above the receiving vessel and that the delivery ends of the tubes conducting the
liquids from their vessels into the reservoirs should be brought into suitable
positions.
The cams operating the reservoir mechanism should in this case be so shaped
-as to cause the reservoirs at first to assume a slight inclination so as to be out of a
vertical line while being filled, then to revert to a vertical position to receive the
plate and afterwards to assume a greater inclination to empty it and finally to
turn completely upside down to discharge the plate into the following reservoir or
onto the chute.
When the plate reaches the bottom of the chute sit rests on a stop ³. A disc
(Figures 1 and 9) similar to the plate m' and turning with the shaft d actuates by
means of a swell or projection thereon a cranked lever 88 which carries a bucket s
containing mercury; this bucket in descending uncovers the end of a tube which
extends to the bottom of a tank containing water. This tank has at its bottom a
tube which extends above the plate resting on the stops; the water flows through
the tube over the plate and washes it, the flow ceasing when the mercury again
.stops the tube which conducts air to the tank.
As the plate turns, a pin t¹ thereon comes against the chute s at the part
:situated above the shaft t, ton which the chute is mounted and which shaft is
caused to revolve; the lower part of the chute rises, the plate is then no longer
held by the stop & and slides by its own weight over an inclined planes until it
reaches a tray or shelf " in which it is delivered to the person using the apparatus.
The pinions c and c', a toothed wheel c' and a ratchet wheel c³ (Figures 1 and 13)
are formed integral with a sleeve rotating ou the shaft . This shaft l' can only

page_text: sliding
on the
turn in the direction of the arrow (Figure 14) being held by the ratchet wheel "
and the pawl fixed to the left hand side of the box a. The pinion is in
engagement with the actuating rack d. The pinion e gears with the rack
in a guide fixed to the right hand side of the box a. In a bracket
rack b² is mounted a lever 6 having at one end a hook 6 and at the other end a
spring. This lever is further provided with a pin 6 which can slide over an
angular portion or shoulder 6 of the guide 6 or be placed beneath this shoulder
as shewn in the drawings. The rack 6 is provided with two projections u and u¹
(Figures 2 and 11) which move with it.
The pull-knob b mounted on the end of its rod 6' is placed towards one side:
of the case; it carries a boss 6" mounted loosely thereon but guided by a rod 6.
This boss b has a pin or projection 61 located in a slot 6" extending the length of
the rack b².
The toothed wheel gears with a pinion v fixed on a shaft . On this shaft th
is keyed a ratchet-wheel 2 (Figures 1 and 15). A toothed wheel v' runs loose
upon the shaft v¹ and carries a pawl and gears with a worm v fixed upon the
shaft carrying the regulating fly g. The shaft vand consequently the regulating
fly can therefore only be moved by the wheel in one direction, that is to say,
when a photograph is in course of preparation. It is obvious that the shaft v
could be arranged to operate the regulating fly through the medium of another
shaft or other shafts provided with spur-wheels and pinions.
Reverting to the description of the machine at the moment that a photograph is.
commenced to be taken, it is obvious that the shaft does not rotate and that the
shaft revolves and actuates the regulating fly which prevents the operating
rack from moving too quickly. The rack is moved from left to right of
Figure 2 by a weight 2, the pin 6 moving beneath the shoulder 6°. When the
photograph is finished and delivered to the person using the apparatus the rack b
comes into contact with a stop 61 and the whole of the mechanism is stopped. The
spring fixed to the lever 65 is in tension during the last moments of the operation
upon a stop 10 fixed to the side-plate because of the pin 68 sliding beneath
the shoulder . At the end of the operation this pin passes beyond the end
of the shoulder 6. The spring then recoils lifting the lever 65, the hook 6:
of this lever then enters a hole 61 in the rack 6. When a photograph has
just been taken, the notch in the plate d is about to receive the lever f' but
It is then always impossible to insert a coin in the
does not actually receive it.
apparatus.
The machine being stopped, if a person pull the knob, the boss 6" will enter into
engagement with the hook 6 of the lever 6 and the rack will therefore come-
back. The pinions c, c¹ and c² will revolve, the actuating rack d' will rise but the
main shaft d will not move. The ratchet wheel will actuate the pawl c, the
pulley will revolve with the shaft l, the weight will be again raised to.
the extent to which it has been lowered in the preceding operation whilst the
weight will descend. The shaft v¹ will not rotate and the fly regulator will.
therefore not come into action.
During the winding, the pin 68 slides over the shoulder 69; at the end of the
winding this pin 68 is no longer sustained by the shoulder 6° and the lever 6' again
rises. The person can therefore no longer act upon the mechanism which yields.
to the action of the operating weight a The shaft is then retained by the
ratchet wheel and pawl and the shaft v' and fly-regulator are caused to rotate..
The main shaft d comes into action but as soon as the notch f' receives the lever f³.
the fly-regulator is stopped by the lever which has just lowered it. The whole
of the mechanism is stopped and it is then in the position it was supposed to be
at the commencement of this description.
By this arrangement, the public can operate the pull-knob without acting on.
the mechanism when a photograph is in course of preparation. The public can.
moreover turn this knob upon its axis without injuring the apparatus.

page_text: When a photograph is in course of preparation and the apparatus is not wound
up, the latter cannot uselessly receive a coin, as hereinbefore explained when
referring to the forked lever f
I will now describe how the sensitive plates are stored in the apparatus and
distributed one at a time at the end of the dark chamber.
These sensitive plates are placed radially in a wheel y' (Figures 1, 3 and 4).
They are held in grooves in the said wheel which is constructed of two grooved
discs y³, y fixed to a drum y' and two grooved rings yo, y' connected to the drum y
by plates y forming arms or spokes.
The wheel y thus constructed is enclosed in a circular box y provided with a
cover y¹º.
The wheel y has in its centre a square passage y¹¹ and is free to turn in its
box y°.
The
The box y is provided with a small slide y" which, when it is pushed into the
box, covers a rectangular opening y" in the top of the dark chamber n.
box being filled with plates is placed on the end of the vertical shaft u. This
end being square in section, the shaft can rotate the wheel y' in its box yo.
The shaft u has a ratchet wheel u³ (Figures 1, 2 and 11) which has as many teeth
as the box y can contain sensitive plates.
A lever u¹ loose upon the shaft carries a pawl u³ (Figure 11) and can be
actuated by projections u and on the rack of the pull-knob b.
Supposing the box y (which will contain, for example, 100 plates, the wheel u
consequently having 100 teeth) to be placed on the shaft u, and the small
slide 3 drawn out, the rectangular opening y" in the bottom of the box y' and top
of the dark chamber n will be uncovered. At the end of the winding of the
machine by a person using the same, the projection u¹ actuates the lever u; the
ratchet wheel turns a hundredth part of a revolution and a plate falls into
the dark chamber. By the time this plate has been delivered to the person, the
projection will have caused the lever u to move back towards the end of the
operation the pawl u coming into engagement with the next tooth behind. Upon
the apparatus being again wound up the projection u¹ again acts upon the lever u*,
the wheel advances one hundredth part of a revolution and another plate falls
into the dark chamber and so on.
Without altering the speed of the machine it may be advantageous to vary the
duration of the exposure. The following is the arrangement adopted for this
purpose. The conical pinion de placed between the two discs and is as
herein before described loose upon a shaft do (Figure 10) which can oscillate
around the main shaft d. The shaft do is provided with an extension d" in which
is 'a slot d¹ concentric with the shaft d. In the slot d is located a screw-threaded
stud d's fixed to the right hand side of the box a; the said stud receives a nut by
means of which the extension can be clamped against the side of the box
thereby keeping the shaft do and consequently the pinion d' in a fixed position.
If, after having loosened the nut, I cause the shaft do to turn through a certain
angle the disc loose upon the main shaft d will turn through double that angle
in the same direction. In fact, the disc being keyed on the shaft d, if the
shaft d¹o be caused to oscillate around the main shaft d, the pinion d will roll upon
the bevel wheel do and will consequently cause the pinion d to turn to a certain
extent which is the sum of that due to the motion by rotation and of that due to
the motion by translation. Now as d and are fixed, the tooth of the disc
will move with relation to the position in which the tooth of the disc is placed
through a certain degree depending on the degree of oscillation imparted to do.
The tooth of the disc will then act on the lever ¿ sooner or later, (with relation
to the action of the tooth of the disc 13 on the lever i¹) than before, whereby the
closing of the dark chamber will be hastened or retarded. A bell sounded by
the movement of the discs, will give warning at the commencement and end
of the exposure.

page_text: A lighting apparatus can be automatically set at work for throwing a light upon
the person being photographed during exposure by utilizing electricity, magnesium
powder or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
An automatic photographic apparatus for allowing of storing the energy exerted
by a person in pulling a suitable part, of utilizing this energy for performing all
the operations necessary for the production of a photograph and arranged to be
inoperative until after the introduction into the apparatus of a coin of pre-
determined form and weight, the releasing action of which upon a suitable
engaging gear places the whole of the working parts in action, the said apparatus
being essentially characterized by :-
1. An arrangement for winding up an actuating weight d' which in falling
produces the necessary energy for an operation, such arrangement consisting of a
vertical rack d¹ to which the actuating weight is attached, such rack being in
engagement with a double pinion c, c' which is also in gear with the rack 6 of a
pull-knob 6 placed outside the case a of the apparatus.
2. An arrangement for stopping, starting and rendering uniform the descent of
the actuating weight, such arrangement consisting of an oscillating two armed
lever ff keyed upon a shaft f¹, one of the arms being forked at its end and
arranged to receive, between the bifurcations fo, the coin introduced into the
apparatus, to oscillate under the weight of this coin and to close the money-slot
during the whole of an operation, the other arın facting as a temporary stop to
a regulating fly 9 connected by suitable gear with the rack d¹ and arranged to
release the fly when the lever oscillates, the shaft f¹ having keyed thereon a
cranked lever having an arm f³ the end of which enters a notch f in a disc d'
keyed upon a main shaft d which carries a pinion d³ gearing with the rack of the
actuating weight, the said cranked lever being arranged so as to pass out of its notch
when its axis turns and to then allow the parts which it before kept inoperative to
come into action.
3. An arrangement for distributing the sensitized plates consisting of a wheel y'
constructed of two grooved discs y³, y' and two grooved rings y', y in the grooves.
of which are placed the sensitized plates, the wheel being caused to turn (under
the action of a weight connected with the pull-knob in such a manner as to be
raised by pulling the knob) and being keyed upon a vertical shaft n² at the lower
end of which is a ratchet wheel u³ gearing with a pawl u³ on an oscillating lever u
actuated by projections u, u' on the rack of the pull-knob, the whole being arranged
in order that, by the rotation of the ratchet wheel to the extent of one tooth, the
wheel y shall only turn, each time, through an angle equal to the distance apart of
two consecutive plates and that one of the plates shall then come exactly opposite
an opening y in the dark chamber of the lens into which it can fall when a
slide y operated by the vertical shaft u shall have uncovered the said opening.
4. An arrangement for effecting the exposure consisting of a tubular dark
chamber holding the lens and the mouth of which k is ordinarily closed by a
shutter provided with a circular opening which can alternately cover and
uncover the said mouth according to whether the shutter is raised or lowered, the
shutter being for this purpose provided with a slot in which is located the
pink of a crank-plate keyed upon a shaft k adapted to be rotated by the action
of a weight suspended from a cord passing over a pulley keyed on the said shaft k.
5. An arrangement for limiting the duration of the exposure consisting of two
discs one, ¹, loose and the other, i¹³, fixed upon the main shaft d with equal bevel-
pinions d' and d fixed thereto and gearing with a bevel-pinion d' loose upon a
small shaft do suspended from the main shaft, a vertical shaft carrying two lower
levers one of which is adapted to come into contact with a tooth or projection on
the disc and the other with a pin or projection on the disc in such a manner
B

page_text: that the shaft can turn according as it is actuated by one or the other disc in one
or the other direction and an upper lever arresting the rotation of the shaft
actuating the shutter by two stops or arms i, keyed upon the latter shaft.
6. An arrangement for regulating and varying the duration of the exposure
consisting of a screw-threaded stud having a nut, allowing of altering the position
of the disc with relation to its actuating disc by altering the angle of the
pendent shaft of the bevel-piniou d' which transmits the movement from one disc
to the other.
7. An arrangement for developing and fixing the image impressed on the
sensitized plate consisting of a reservoir m for containing the developing bath
arranged to oscillate at first, at option, through a slight angle for receiving the liquid,
then through a greater angle to empty the bath and then through an angle of
180 degrees so as to bring the mouth downwards and compel the photographic
plate to pass into the reservoir r serving to contain the fixing bath placed beneath
and arranged like the developing bath in order that the plate leaving the fixing
bath may, after the discharge of the fixing liquid, continue its course, the two said
reservoirs being operated by means of vertical racks connected with cams on the
main shaft so as to allow them to descend at the required moment.
8. An arrangement for washing the developed and fixed plate consisting of a
chute with a stop for retaining the photograph while it is submitted to a
washing with a jet of water, the said chute being mounted upon a shaft t so that
it can be oscillated after the washing operation in order to dislodge the photograph
and allow it to be conducted outside the apparatus.
9. An arrangement for regulating the supply of the developing, fixing and
washing baths consisting of a pneumatic vessel m the air-inlets of which are
usually closed by oscillating levers at one of the ends of each of which is a
bucket designed to be filled with mercury in which dips a syphon tube and the other
end of which extends into the vessel m³ which is provided with a tube m® for
conducting the liquid into the corresponding reservoir.
10. An arrangement for winding-up the actuating weights comprising the pull-
knob b, rack 6, counterweight and the combination of a lever bhaving &
hook 6, a shoulder 6 with a pin 68 and a sliding-boss 6 which, when the
winding is effected, causes the pull-knob to have no effect upon the operating
.arrangement.
Dated this 15th day of May 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.