Improved Fuel for Domestic and Steam Purposes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Fuel for Domestic and Steam Purposes.
I, FRANCIS MCNAMEE Portobello Hotel South Richmond Street Dublin Hotel
Proprietor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Peat moss, granulated limestone coal slack, and pitch, the whole vulcanized and
pressed into square or other shaped blocks. The peat moss, granulated limestone,
5 coal slack and pitch are mixed together and heated to a high temperature.
Dated this 17th day of November 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Fuel for Domestic and Steam Purposes.
I FRANCIS MCNAMEE 30 Lower Ormond Quay Dublin Hotel Keeper do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The invention relates to an improved kind of manufactured fuel, in the com-
position of which raw limestone is an indispensable ingredient. The fuel will be
of three kinds or qualities, according to the number of inflammable or other
substances employed in the making thereof, but all alike in the fact of limestone
being the connecting and distinguishing feature in the composition of each. For
the purposes of the invention, I may use in the manufacture of the fuel, a mixture
of dried peat, granulated or crushed raw limestone, marl, or clay of any kind, coal-
slack, shale or extract of shale, pitch, tar, waste oils of any kind commonly known
as "foots," naptha, paraffin or other extract of peat; or I may use dried peat only,
mixed with granulated or crushed raw limestone, with any or all of the substances
coal-slack excepted above-mentioned, or I may use coal-slack alone mixed with
granulated or crushed raw limestone and any or all of these substances, dried peat
excepted. In using any of the aforesaid mixtures, it will be submitted to a high
temperature, then pressed into square oblong cube or other shaped blocks of various
sizes, so as to make the fuel suitable and convenient for marketable purposes, and
according to the amount of pressure employed in shaping them for either domestic,
manufacturing or marine uses.
The exact proportions of the ingredients used in the manufacture of the fuel,
cannot be exactly defined in every case, the amount of each ingredient depending
largely on its special or individual quality. Peat varies greatly in quality
according to the stratum or layer of bog from which it is taken, the number of
strata or layers being for practical purposes generally three, each layer becoming
harder as we descend. Again in that species of the fuel in which coal-slack is
made use of, very much depends upon whether the slack used is of a bituminous
or anthracite kind, while something also depends upon the nature of the adhesive
material used in the combination. Limestone also varies in quality in proportion,
among other things, to its freedom from foreign matter, and the amount of calcium
it contains. The object to be sought for in each case is an article easy of ignition,
and capable of producing a superior and well-sustained heat, and the exact
proportion, taking the quality of the substances used into consideration, can only
Paino 1

page_text: be obtained by experiment, but on an average, it may be said, that the amount of
limestone marl or other kindred substance used in the combination, compared with
that of peat or coal-slack-leaving the ingredient used simply for adhesive
purposes out of the question-would be in the proportion of one of the former to
two of either of the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A compressed fuel composed of a mixture of dried peat, coal-slack granu-
lated or crushed raw limestone, marl or clay of any kind, shale or extract of
shale, pitch, tar, waste oils of any kind, commonly known as "foots," naptha,
paraffin or other extract of peat.
2. A compressed fuel composed of dried peat, with a mixture of granulated or
crushed raw limestone, and any or all of the substances coal-slack excepted in the
previous paragraph mentioned.
3. A compressed fuel composed of coal-slack, with a mixture of granulated or
crushed raw limestone, and any or all of the substances, dried peat excepted,
above-mentioned.
Dated this 18th day of September 1894.