IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING THE ACTION OF SEA WAVES FOR DRIVING MACHINERY OR MECHANISM
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert John Scott of 166 Fleet Street in the City of
London, for an invention of IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING
THE ACTION OF SEA WAVES FOR DRIVING MACHINERY OR MECHANISM
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert John Scott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1882..
ROBERT JOHN SCOTT of 166 Fleet Street in the City of London
"IMPROVED
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING THE ACTION OF SEA WAVES FOR DRIVING
MACHINERY OR MECHANISM
"
The object of this Invention is to utilize the motion of sea waves by their action
on a float which is free to rise and full within certain limits whereby through
the connection with apparatus or appliances, machinery or mechanism inay be
driven..
For the purpose of my Invention I fit a float or buoyant body in a skeleton
frame which can be set by hand to any desired angle to suit the flow or rush of
the waves or to be turned by vanes.
This skeleton frame is within a fixed structure (say: a pier head) or one specially
prepared, and has a rod passing through a portion of the main frame where the rod
is connected to a framework of racks or their equivalents for operating pinions by
an up and down motion the pinions being mounted loosely upon a shaft and
engage under pawl and ratchet motion to rotate the shaft always in the same
direction.
The frame connected with the rod is guided by rollers running against uprights
or posts to steady it.
The float may be of any size or shape, but I prefer to make one portion with a
projecting round and another portion with a hollow round to obtain the best action
of the waves against it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Robert John Scott in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 5th October
1882.
ROBERT JOHN SCOTT of 166 Fleet Street in the City of London IMPROVED
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING THE ACTION OF SEA WAVES FOR DRIVING
MACHINERY OR MECHANISM
The object of this Invention is to utilize the motion of sea waves by their action
on a float which is free to rise and fall within certain limits whereby through
the connection with apparatus or appliances, machinery or mechanism may be
driven.
For the purpose of my Invention I fit a float or buoyant body A. (see Figures 1
and 2 of the annexed drawings). in a skeleton frame B which can be set by means
of the hand wheel a and chain or strap gearing b to any desired angle to suit the
flow or rush of the waves, or be turned by vanes.
This skeleton frame B is within a fixed structure C (say, a pier head) or one
specially prepared, and has a rod D passing through a portion of the main frame C
where the rod D is connected to a framework E of racks F F or their equivalents
for operating pinions G G¹ by an up and down motion, the pinions being mounted
loosely upon a shaft H and engage under pawl and ratchet motion I to rotate the
shaft H always in the same direction...
The frame E connected with the rod D is guided by rollers J J running against
uprights or posts K K to steady it.
The float A which is provided with guide rollers J¹ J¹ may be of any size or
shape but I prefer to make one portion, with a projecting round and another
portion with a hollow round as shown in perspective view Figure 3, to obtain the
best action of the waves against it.
In Figure 4 the float A is guided by side bars B any required number of
rollers JJ to prevent or reduce friction can be introduced.
In the float A a pump barrel L is fixed which is connected to the frame E by
means of a pipe M or by connecting rod or rods attached by a joint N so that the
float A with its frame B may be made to révolve on the pivots a¹ a¹ by means
of a belt or chain b working on wheel c and pinion d or by other suitable
mechanism.
The upper pivot of the frame B is hollow in order to permit the pipe P with
pipe M to pass up freely through without touching it.
The pipe P is fixed at the upper end of the frame C where it communicates with
pipe the lower end of the pipe P having a valve R acting in pump barrel L so
that when A descends the water is sucked through the yalve S into L, then when A
ascends the water is forced up through valve R into pipes P and Q thence wherever
it may be required.
Should the connection between the pump barrel L and E be by pipe, a hole
should be left at or near to the top of L so that any collection of water may pass
away. Should frame B not be required it can be removed together with M and
revolving joint N Frame E may then be attached to the upper end of L (Figure. 5)
and if desirable the crosshead of E may be prolonged so that one set of guide bars
will suffice for both float A and frame E (Figure 5).

page_text: Figure 6 shows a modification. The same action can be applied to Figure 7 or;
to any other similar case. In Figure 6 the reciprocating action is obtained. as
follows:-The belt or chain T-one end of which is fixed to A-is passed round
a pulley s fixed below A thence conducted (through a passage in A if desired) up
to and over a pulley fixed on spindle H, thence down and fixed to A. The
spindle H is thus-by the action of A-made to revolve in alternate directions
and may be made by means of cranks or eccentrics or their equivalents to work
any required number of pumps L or to perform any other suitable work. This
arrangement may also be worked by toothed or ratchet bar or frames and
corresponding wheel gear.
Figure 7 represents A riding on an inclined plane. In this Figure the belt T
is fixed to A then passes round a pulley 8 thence up and over a guiding pulley u
round working pulley a¹ then back over pulley v thence round the other pulley a
then over another guiding pulley u¹ and down to A where it is fixed. The action
of A causes the ratchet apparatus to revolve and by means of the bevel wheel x
on the end of the spindle acting on y another bevel wheel fixed on the intermediate
shaft H the latter is made to rotate and perform any required work. In this
(Figure 7) the ratchet apparatus is placed vertically but it would work at any
angle the connecting mechanism being arranged to suit its position. A is repre-
sented as travelling on the sides of frame B but if so desired guide bars could be
fixed to the frame so that A could travel in them; any required number of
rollers J¹ may be introduced to reduce friction. The frame B may be fixed at
both ends, or it may be made to revolve by means of a pivot at the upper, and a
travelling way U at the lower end similar to that shown in Figure 7 so that the
position of the float A may be adapted to any angle at which the waves may
approach. The structure from B¹ to C' is fixed. The upper portion from B¹ to E¹
can be made to revolve with the float A and frame B by means of chains and
pulleys or other suitable mechanism.
The piles D may be hollow so that they could be utilized as supply pipes to
pumps, valves being fixed at any convenient position (such as at i).
The pump barrels-which could be placed in any convenient position—are
represented as fixed to the sides of the pipes D so that their axes cut the axis of
the shaft H to which the pump rods could be attached, as in Figure 8. When the
pumps are being worked the water is drawn up through valves ¹ then forced
through valves into pipe which can be made to communicate with all the
pumps L and convey the water to any required position. The frame E (Figures 1
and 4) is kept in its relative position by means of guide bars K K on which it
moves in conformity with the action of A.
According to Figure 9, E acts upon the ratchet apparatus I by means of belts
or bands which are attached to the upper end of E, then passed round the ratchet
pulleys and fixed at or near to the lower end of E (by springs if necessary or as
convenient). As E ascends the pulley G-the paul of which is engaged in the
ratchet teeth of I-is by means of the belt made to revolve and turn the shaft H.
At the same time the other pulley acted upon by its band is returning free ready
for similar action when E descends, so that the shaft H is made to rotate by E
both as the latter ascends and descends. Thus by the aid of a fly wheel fixed on
or connected with the shaft H a comparatively regular rotatory action may be
secured. Figure 10 represents one of the pulleys G with its ratchet wheel I pawl m
and spring n.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim :-
The improved method of action and the arrangement. of apparatus for utilizing
the impact of waves upon a body for producing motive power therefrom as described
and substantially as shown in the annexed drawings
Secondly I claim: The employment of pump apparatus by or through which in
combination with the rising and falling appliances actuated by waves, water or
fluids can be elevated for house, for irrigation and for general purposes at a distance
+

page_text: from the shore as well as for hydraulic purposes in addition to the employment of.
the mechanism for motive power purposes in the manner set forth and substantially
as shown in the annexed drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Robert John Scott have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Fifth day of October in the year of our Lord, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
R. J. SCOTT. (L.S.)