Improvements in and relating to Vacuum Pumps.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 8th June, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
MPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by ADOLPH BERRENBERG, of Somerville, County of
Middlesex, Massachusetts, Engineer, and WILLIAM EMERY NICKERSON, of
111, North Avenue, Cambridge, Middlesex, Massachusetts, Chemist, both in
the United States of America.]
Improvements in and relating to Vacuum Pumps.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent
Agents 45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to so construct and arrange a vacuum pump
that the flow of air from the article being exhausted shall be continuous and
without abrupt pulsations, and that the use of valves, pistons and joints may be
avoided. The mechanical device taken in connection with a sealing liquid con-
stitutes the invention which may be understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which :—
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the device, the front of the outside casing being
represented as removed so that the interior construction and arrangement may
be more clearly shown.
Figure 2 is an end elevation and section of parts of the device.
Figure 3 shows a part of the same in plan.
Figure 4 represents one of the elastic pipes collapsed at intervals.
Figure 5 is a cross-section of one of the pipes.
Figure 6 is a cross-section of one of the pipes collapsed.
In the drawings, A. represents the base of the pump and B a case which together
with the base A forms a tank or receiver in which the pump proper is enclosed.
The main shaft D of the pump is mounted in housings H, H, Fig. 1. For
sealing the shaft D as it passes through the case B, a pocket B' is formed on the
outside of the case so that the packing-box D³ may be covered with a sealing
liquid, as indicated in Fig. 1. D' represents a packing-box formed in the wall of
the pocket and serves to make the joint around the shaft D tight. D' is a driving
pulley.
Upon the main shaft D two six-armed spiders C, C, are placed and securely
fastened. Long rolls E are journalled in the arms of the spiders as shown. These
rolls E have annular grooves e, e in them dividing them into divisions e, e', and
each roll is provided with a gear E' at one end; the gears El engage with an
internal gear E, the whole device being so constructed that when the main shaft D
rotates the rolls E revolve about the centre of the shaft D, and at the same time
each is made to rotate on its own centre with a determined rate of speed controlled
by the internal gear E2, said internal gear E' being rigidly attached to the base A.
by bolts or otherwise.
Each division e¹, e¹ traverses in a groove A¹ made in the base A. The walls of
these grooves are shown at a, a, Fig. 1.
Elastic pipes R, R are placed one in each of the grooves A'. The divisions e', e¹
of the rolls E, E are so adjusted as to collapse the pipes R by pressing upon them
as they lie in the grooves A', (see Fig. 2).
The pipes R are each united to a hollow shaft R' and through it to a short
pipe R extending laterally from the pipe R. The hollow shafts R' are each
provided with a gear R³, so that they may be made to rotate slowly.
These shafts R fit closely into the short pipes R³ and are free to turn with the
The gears R' are rotated by the following described device:
gears.
K is a bent lever pivoted at K¹ to the base, and is operated by the cam D* (see

page_text: Fig. 2) and spring S; at the lower end of the bent lever K a pawl K is attached,
this pawl K engages with the teeth of the gear K³ and causes it, and through it
all of the gears R2, R2 to slowly rotate; their motion being intermittent. As the
elastic pipes K, R are each indirectly connected with one of these gears R² it is
evident that they must also rotate.
The operation of this device is as follows: Oil or some other suitable sealing
fluid is admitted to each of the pipes R, R through openings located at some con-
venient point as at T (Fig. 2); now as the rolls E pass over the pipes in the
grooves A in the base A, the pipes are collapsed as indicated, and as the collapsing
action advances it is evident that a vacuum is formed behind the point at which the
pipe is just collapsed, and that as the rolls E continue to advance the vacuum
forming action must continue, and thus cause a flow of air into the pipe R and from
the pipe R', thus causing a vacuum in the pipe R and in the article connected
to it.
-
The oil or other scaling liquid in the pipes R serves to completely seal and make
air tight the pipes at the points when they are collapsed.
The object in causing the pipes to slowly rotate or twist on the axis is to prevent
them from being worn out in one part more than in another.
The rolls E, E rotate on their axes a little faster than they would if left free to
roll on the pipes R, R, being impelled by the gears E, E', which engage with the
fixed internal gear E2, the pitch line of the gears E, E¹ being less in circumference
than the roils E, E, so that the peripheral motion of the rolls will be more than.
that due to rolling on the pipes; this acceleration of the peripheral motion of the
rolls prevents the forcing forward of the pipes, which, if allowed to take place
would place them under great longitudinal strain which would tear them apart, or
at least seriously injure them.
This device is used preferably with the receiver nearly full of oil or some other
suitable liquid.
In case no liquid is used in the receiver the sealing liquid for the interior of the
pipes R, R can be conveyed to them by tubes arranged for the purpose.
If elastic pipes having thick walls and great resilience are used, full atmospheric
pressure may be allowed in the receiver B; but with attenuated air in the
receiver much lighter and larger pipes can be used, as in this case the resilience
of the pipes will not be opposed by the pressure of the air except to a limited
extent.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. In a vacuum pump the combination of elastic compressible pipes, and rolls
having mechanism adapted to force said rolls along the pipes and collapse the
same with a sealing liquid within the pipes to completely seal them at the
collapsed points, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. In a vacuum pump the combination of the clastic compressible pipes and
rolls E E, for collapsing them, operating as described, with mechanism whereby
the rolls E E rotate on their axes faster than they would if left free to roll on the
pipes R, R, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
:
3rd. In a vacuum pump the combination of elastic compressible pipes and
rolls E E, for collapsing them, as described with mechanism whereby the said
pipes are made to slowly rotate on their central lines, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth..
·הוב
ليم
3
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.