AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF CONDENSING APPARATUS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF CONDENSING
APPARATUS."-A communication.
Sealed the 20th May 1859, and dated the 15th December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th December 1858.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF CONDENSING
APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of condenser, in which a
series of parallel vertical cells or flat tubes are used to receive the steam to
be condensed. These cells or steam chambers are enclosed within a steam-tight
metallic cylinder or casing, so as to leave between and around the chambers
a space for the circulation of water. These chambers at their upper part
severally connect by pipes with the exhaust steam supply pipe, and in like
manner at their lower end with a pipe leading to an exhaust pump. The

page_text: water of condensation is drawn from these chambers by this pump and forced
into the case surrounding the condensing chambers; this case or cylinder is
connected at its upper part by pipes with the steam boiler. As, therefore, the
condensed water thrown into the cylinder circulates round the condensing
cells or chambers, it becomes heated by extracting the heat therefrom, and
then pass upwards to the boiler.. The heads of the cylinder or outer casing
of the condenser are constructed so as to allow of the supply and discharge
pipes passing steam-tight through one head, while the other is readily
removeable from the cylinder to allow the steam-condensing chambers to be
removed from the cylinder for inspection or repair. In the discharge pipe for
the water of condensation a valve is fitted to regulate the pressure in the
condensing chambers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
,should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF CONDENSING APPARATUS," being a commu-
nication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
:-
This Invention, as communicated to me from abroad, relates to a novel
construction of condenser, in which a series of parallel vertical cells or flat
tubes are used to receive the steam to be condensed. These cells or steam
chambers are enclosed within a steam-tight metallic cylinder or casing, so as
to leave between and around them a space for the circulation of water. At
their upper part the chambers severally connect by pipes with the exhaust
steam supply pipe, and in like manner at their lower end with a pipe leading
to an exhaust pump. The water of condensation is drawn from these
chambers by this pump, and forced into the case surrounding the condensing
chambers; this case or cylinder is connected at its upper part by pipes with
the steam boiler. As therefore the condensed water thrown into the cylinder
circulates round the condensing cells or chambers, it becomes heated by
extracting the heat therefrom, and thence passes upwards to the boiler.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is an isometrical view, showing specially
the arrangement of the tubular condensing chambers within the cylinder;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the condensing apparatus; E are
the tubular steam condensing chambers, so formed and arranged within the
cylinder or casing F as to preserve an uniform space of two inches (more or
less) between their upper and lower edges or sides and the concave of the
cylinder F. The chambers E are severally made of copper or other suitable
material, and in the form of a parallelogram, whose sides are in proportion as
one to three; they are arranged vertically and parallel to each other on rests
R (Fig. 2), and secured firmly together in this relative position by means of
stay bolts which pass transversely through the entire series. Near the upper
part of the chambers E is a series of tubes x, communicating with the interior
of the respective chambers and with a transverse pipe O, so that as the steam
is introduced into the pipe O by means of the exhaust pipe S it is admitted
simultaneously into the interior of all the chambers E. Connected with the
lower part of the chambers E is a series of tubes y, which form a communica-
tion between the chambers and a transverse pipe N by means of which the
water of condensation within the chambers E is conducted to the receiving
well W. P is a supply pump, made to receive water from the well W, and
force the same through the pipe Z into the cylinder F, and from thence
through the tubes p, p, to the boiler B. The water pipe from the receiving

page_text: well W, and that from the steam pipe S, pass through the cylinder head K,
the joints being made steam-tight, and they are coupled with their respective
pipes by nuts n so as to admit of being readily disconnected therefrom to
facilitate the removal of the chambers E from the cylinder F for inspection or
repair; tis a tube, made open at the top and communicating with the receiving
well W, in which is adjusted a safety valve V, so arranged that when the
pressure within the chambers E becomes greater than that which they are
intended to sustain, the valve will rise and relieve the apparatus of undue
pressure. The aim and operation of the improved apparatus may be described
as follows:-By meaus of this Invention it is intended that the heat and.
water of condensation of the escape steam from steam engines may be
returned to the boiler without material loss, and also without any material
reaction of steam or loss of power other than that required to work the force
or supply pump, and that the boiler may be always fully supplied with the
same pure water, thereby affording the greatest possible security against
explosion of the boiler. To start the apparatus the reclaimer or cylinder F
and boiler Bare filled with pure water, and the boiler is heated in the ordinary
manner. The steam generated in the boiler having been caused to actuate
the engine, escapes therefrom through the pipe S, and traversing the pipe O
passes through the series of tubes x, and becomes distributed in the chambers
E, where it is immediately condensed, its latent heat being at once transmitted
by conduction through the walls or plates of the chambers E to the surround-
ing water, which absorbs and holds it in the condition of sensible heat until
the water reaches the boiling point, when it is absorbed more rapidly than
before by the boiling water, and again becomes latent therein, forming pure
steam, which passes off through the passages p, p, to the boiler B for.continued
use. The water of condensation within the chambers E passes mean while
freely through the tubes y and pipe N to the receiving well W, and from
thence it is withdrawn by means of the pump P, and forced through the pipe
Z into the cylinder F, and over the whole exterior surfaces of the chambers E
enclosed therein, returning in its turn when sufficiently heated into the boiler
B, which is thus kept fully supplied with the same pure water. The relative
positions of the cylinder F and the boiler B may be varied as required. The
number of chambers E may be greater or less than twenty, but the Inventor
prefers twenty as a medium number, and their form may differ, but not with
advantage from that of a parallelogram.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improved
Arrangement of Condensing Apparatus," as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I

page_text: wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I
claim, the improved cellular arrangement of condenser applied and operating
as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Fourteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)