IMPROVEMENTS APPARATUS FOR PRESSING GLASS." IN MACHINERY OR
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jonathan Haley, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
APPARATUS FOR PRESSING GLASS."
IN MACHINERY OR

page_text: .
necting rods, cranks, and other suitable gearing. This yoke or cross
head carries a hollow plunger spindle, having at its upper end a box
containing a strong spring, and wormed on the outside, so that by means
of a small hand wheel the distance of the lowest point of the stroke of
the plunger from the bed plate can be varied at pleasure. Through the
plunger spindle passes a rod, the top of which is acted upon by the
spring, and to the bottom is attached the stamp or plunger to be used.
On the bed plate immediately beneath the plunger the mould is placed,
and above it a ring overlapping its edges according to the thickness of
glass required, and having a hole of suitable size to admit the stamp or
plunger. This ring is prevented from being forced upward by the glass.
on the descent of the plunger by a plate coming against it carried
loosely by the plunger spindle, and acted upon by a strong spring, and
which I term the "spring plate."
The first-mentioned spring acting on the upper end of the rod carrying
the stamp or plunger causes it to adapt itself to the amount of glass in
the mould, and thus all undue pressure is avoided.
In order to make the action of this machine continuous 1 place three,
four, or more moulds on a circular plate below the plunger, and this
plate I cause to revolve intermittently so that as the plunger rises a
fresh mould is brought beneath it to be pressed, whilst at the same time
the tumbler or other article just formed is turned out and the former
mould is ready for another supply of molten glass. Thus the operation
can go on continuously until another mould and plunger are required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said Jonathan Haley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JONATHAN
HALEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight, hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,

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give and grant, unto me, the said Jonathan Haley, Her special. license
that I, the said Jonathan Haley, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as. I, the said Jonathan Haley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “ IMPROVEMENTS IN
M CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRESSING GLASS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Jonathan Haley, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YF, that I, the said Jonathan Haley do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say): ·
This Invention is designed with special reference to the production of
a power press, although some of the improvements therein comprised
are applicable to presses worked by hand, as well as by steam or other
motive power.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will now;
proceed to describe in detail the construction and operation of the said
improved machine or apparatus which will be readily understood by the
aid of the accompanying Drawings, which are marked with figures and
letters of reference corresponding with those in the following description
thereof;-
i
.
☐
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the machine; Fig. 2, a side view, and
Fig. 3, a front elevation thereof; Figs. 4 and 5 are partial horizontal
sections of the same.
a, a', are the side framings and standards of the machine; b, b, the
able, and c, c, the steam cylinder, piston rod, connecting rod, crank, crank
haft, and fly wheel, constituting the steam engine, which gives motion to
he main shaft d, d, of the machine by means of spur gearing e, e.
This

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shaft is provided with a crank f, f, at each end, connected with and
giving vertical motion to a strong yoke or cross head g, g, by means of
connecting rods h, h.. The yoke g, g, works in slides between the two
standards or pillars a, a', and carries a hollow plunger spindle i, i, which
hollow plunger spindle has at its upper end a box containing a strong
spring,, and is wormed or screwed on to the outside, and passes
through the screwed nuts or bosses of the two hand wheels 1, 1, one
above and one below. the yoke, so that by turning these hand wheels the
distance of the lowest point of the stroke of the plunger from the bed
plate or table b, b, can be varied at pleasure. Through the hollow,
plunger spindle i, i, passes a plunger rod m, m, the top of which is acted
upon by the spring k, k, and to the bottom of which is connected the
stamp or plunger n, n. On the bed plate or table b, b, immediately
beneath the plunger n, n, the mould o, o, is placed, and above it is a
ring P, P, overlapping its edges according to the thickness of glass
required, and having a hole of suitable size to admit the stamp or
plunger. This ring is prevented from being forced upwards by the
glass on the descent of the plunger n, n, by a spring plate q, q', to which
it is attached, the spring plate 7 being fitted loosely upon the plunger,
and the upper plate q' connected to a screwed nut 7, 2, on the lower
screwed portion of the hollow plunger spindle i, i. This spring plate is
arranged so as to be raised or lowered according to the amount of spring
pressure required and the depth of the mould used, springs s, s, being
placed between the two plates q. and q'. The spring in the spring box
above is to give elasticity to the plunger rod m, m, to allow for variation
in the quantity of molten glass, also to allow for the plunger n to rest
in the mould o a sufficient time for the glass to set, the pressure being
regulated by the screw on the top of the spring box.
I
may here remark that if preferred the same effect may be produced
by making the bed plate elastic or yielding instead of the plunger,
although I prefer the arrangement shown.
In order to make the action of the machine continuous I place thred
or more moulds (four are shown in the Drawing) on a plate t, t, below
the plunger, and this plate I cause to revolve intermittently, so that as
the plunger n, n, rises a fresh mould is brought beneath it to be pressed
whilst at the same time the tumbler, basin, or other article just formed
is raised and turned out, and the former mould is ready for another
supply, of molten glass. Thus the operation can go on continuously

page_text: so long as the mould and plunger are not required to be changed.
The intermittent motion is imparted to the plate t, t, carrying the
moulds o, o', o", o", in the following manner:-One of the cranks f, f,
acts against the lower end of a lever u, u, (see Figs. 2 and 3) the upper,
end of which is connected by a link to a slide v, v, (see also Fig. 5) to
which it imparts a reciprocating motion. This slide is connected by
another link to a lever w, w, (see Fig. 3) which carries a click or
pawl x, x, acting on a ratchet wheel y, y, provided with eight teeth. The
ratchet wheely, y, is cast with or fixed to a spur wheel z, z, actuating a
pinion 1, 1, with half the number of teeth keyed upon the central pin of
the mould plate t, t, and thus at each stroke of the crank the said
plate t, t, is caused to perforni a quarter of a revolution, bringing each
one of the moulds o, o', o", o"", in succession beneath the centre of the
plunger. The return of the click or pawl x, x, as the crank recedes so
as to take up a fresh tooth is effected by means of the spring 2,.2.
As each mould arrives in succession at its furthest position from the
centre of the plunger the pressed article is raised up out of the mould
by the following means:-Each mould is provided with a loose plug or;
valve 3, 3, Fig. 1, and the plate t, t, is provided with a hole beneath the
centre of each mould. Through this hole and through the centre of the
wheel y and z passes a lifting rod or spindle 4, 4, the lower end of
which is provided with a straight rack of spur teeth (see Fig. 3), into
which gears a toothed quadrant 5, 5, connected by a link 6, 6, with one
end of a lever 7, 7, the other end of which is actuated by a cam or
tappet S, S, (see Fig. 1) on the main shaft d, d, of the machine, so that as
each mould passes in succession over the lifting rod or spindle 4, 4, it
rises and lifts the plug or valve 3 and the pressed article out of the
mould. As soon
as this movement takes place a carrier fork 9, 9,
attached to an arm 10, 10, is brought rotund and receives the article
from the lifting spindle, which then recedes through the plate t, t,
replacing the plug or valve 3, 3, and leaving the plate t,, t, free to
revolve.
The arm 10, 10, is attached to the upper end of a rod 11, 11, which is
raised and lowered at the right time by means of a lever 12, 12, (Fig. 2),
actuated by a pin 13 on one of the connecting rods h, h. The rod 11, 11,
slides through a tube 14, 14, provided with a spiral slot. 15, in which a
pin, in the rod 11, 11, works, so that as the carrier fork 9, 9, is raised
and lowered it is at the same time caused to move in the arc of a circle,

page_text: ન
as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 4, so that as the carrier fork is
raised it comes above the mould to receive the article, and as it is
lowered it comes over the table 16, 16, to deposit the same. The
arm 10, 10, is also so mounted in the top of the rod 11, 11, that it is
capable of turning on its own axis, and it is provided with a finger 17,
which, as the rod 11, 11, descends, comes against a finger 18 attached
to one of the standards, thus tilting the carrier fork over to assist in
discharging the pressed article on to the table 16, 16.
The plate t, t, is bolted in its proper position during each pressing
operation by means of a spring bolt 21, 21, (Fig. 3) which is projected
into a corresponding hole in the edge of the plate, and is withdrawn
before the moulds are shifted by means of a wedge, which forms the
lower part of a lever 22, 22, (see also detached view, Fig. 6). This lever
is also actuated at the right moment by means of a pin 23 fixed in one
of the connecting rods h, h, and the wedge is withdrawn by means of a
spring 24.
The moulds and glass are cooled between each operation of the press by
the following means:-The box or case 19, 19, (Figs. 1 and 3) contains
a fan or two fans working together, and driven by means of friction
wheels from the main shaft. This box or case is provided with two air
pipes 20, 20, one of which conveys cold air to the pressed glass in the
mould o', and the other blows cold air on to the plunger (see Fig. 3.)
An air pump operated by the press may be used if preferred in place of
a fan or fans for cooling the moulds and glass.
21', 21', (Fig. 1) is a treadle for throwing the main shaft d, d, out of
gear with the steam engine; and 22', 22', (see Figs. 4 and 5) are loose
slips or slides which may be set forward from time to time as may be
required by means of set screws 23', 23'.
Fig. 7 shows a section of an arrangement for cooling the plunger n, n,
and the plug or valve 3 of the mould o by means of water. 26 is a
pipe by means of which water is admitted from a cistern to the interior
of the plunger, and flows out by a second pipe 27. These pipes are held
in their places by a cement 28 formed of one part plaster of Paris and
ten parts cast-iron filings, or any other suitable cement or substance,
and by this means the lower portion only of the plunger (which is
exposed to the greatest amount of heat) is cooled by the water. The
valve or plug 3 of the mould is also cooled by means of a jet of

page_text: water passing in through an inner pipe 29, and escaping by an outer
pipe 30.
Fig. 8 illustrates an arrangement whereby an increased pressure of
steam is admitted into the cylinder c, c, of the steam engine just at the
time that the pressure is given by the plunger, whilst at other times
only so much steam is admitted as will keep the machine in motion.
To the yoke g, g, of the machine a stud or bracket 29' is fixed having a
hole therein, through which passes a screwed röd 301 attached to one
end of the lever 32 of the steam valve, and having a nut 31 capable of
being adjusted thereon. The other end of the valve lever 32 has
attached to it a strong spring 33.
34 is a stop attached to a screwed.
rod 35 provided with a hand wheel 36.
So long as the lever 32 rests on the stop 34 the steam valve is only
sufficiently open to admit enough steam to turn the machine, but as the
yoke in descending brings the bracket 29 into contact with the nut 31,
as to admit more
it pulls down the rod 30', and opens the valve so
steam as the plunger reaches its lowest point. As the yoke ascends the
spring 33 closes the valve to its original position.
When the valve is to be closed altogether the stop 34 is withdrawn
beneath the steam valve, and the spring 33 closes the valve entirely.
The amount of extra steam admitted to work the machine is regulated
by the position of the movable stop, 34.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention.
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I
claim as my Invention,―
First. The general novel construction, arrangement, and operation of
the glass press as shown in the Drawings annexed and herein-before
particularly described, or any mere imitation or modification thereof,
constructed and operating in substantially. the same
a similar
manner.
or
Secondly. The employment or use in such presses of an elastic or
automatically yielding plunger or bed plate substantially as described.
Thirdly. The employment or use in such presses of self-acting moulds
operating substantially in the manner herein described.

page_text: Fourthly. The employment or use in such presses of a self-acting
lifter, or spindle for removing the pressed glass from the mould, sub-
stantially as described.
Fifthly. The self-acting carrier fork constructed and operating sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein mentioned for receiving the
glass from the lifting spindle.
"
Sixthly. The use of a fan or fans or air pump operated by the press
for cooling the moulds and glass.
Seventhly. The arrangements for cooling the plunger and the valvés
of the mould or moulds by water, substantially as described.
Eighthly. The automatic arrangement for admitting an increased
amount of steam just at the time that the pressure is given, as herein-
before particularly described and illustrated on the Drawings annexed,
In witness whereof, 1, the said Jonathan Haley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witnessed by
JOHN HUGHES;
Clerk to George Davies, C.E.,
Patent Office,
4, St. Ann's Sq.,
Manchester.
JONATHAN HALEY. (L.S.)