Improvements in Hardened and Tempered Cast Steel Needle Pointed Teeth, Porcupines, Gills, and the like used in the Manufacture of Silk, and other Combs employed in the Dressing of Waste Silk and other Fibre.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hardened and Tempered Cast Steel Needle Pointed
Teeth, Porcupines, Gills, and the like used in the Manufacture
of Silk, and other Combs employed in the Dressing of Waste Silk
and other Fibre.
We, Louis EDMUND PRIESTLEY and GEORGE FREDERICK PRIESTLEY,
trading as Edmund Priestley of Hope Street Mills, Halifax, Yorkshire, Silk
Comb Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Hitherto it has been customary to temper the entire tooth or gill used for the
above named purposes, in which case the temper was uniform throughout, but
according to our invention we temper the teeth or gills in such a manner as to leave
the points thereof glass hardened, or at least much harder than the remaining
portion of the tooth, whereby they will be far more durable than when tempered
equally throughout.
Several means or methods may be employed to temper the teeth unequally as
above set forth, but we find the following methods useful.
After the teeth have been hardened in a bath of oil or water in the ordinary
manner, they are placed upon suitably constructed steel plates, which are placed
over an oven, so that when the plates get hot they impart their heat to the teeth
resting upon them. The teeth are placed upon the plates in such manner that
the points thereof overhang the edge of the hot plates, consequently the point of
the teeth is not heated to as high a degree as the remaining portions, by which
means we accomplish the desired results.
Another means of hardening the crown of the teeth or heads of the gills or pins,
consists in feeding them from a hopper upon an inclined bar with their points or
legs projecting downwards.
The crowned teeth thus sliding down the inclined bar are subjected to a flame of
bunsen'd gas, care being taken to keep the gas away from the points of the teeth.
A catch or trigger may be employed at each end of the inclined bar to assist in
admitting them from the hopper one by one and in removing them from the opposite
end of the rod in the same manner. The temper given to such teeth can be
regulated to a nicety, as the operator can see the steel change colour by means of
the heat, and when the colour has risen high enough up the teeth, they are
removed and placed on one side as finished.
Dated this 13th day of March 1893.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hardened and Tempered Cast Steel Needle Pointed
Teeth, Porcupines, Gills, and the like used in the Manufacture
of Silk, and other Combs employed in the Dressing of Waste Silk
and other Fibre.
We, Louis EDMUND PRIESTLEY and GEORGE FREDERICK PRIESTLEY,
trading as Edmund Priestley, of Hope Street Mills, Halifax, Yorkshire, Silk
Comb Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Hitherto it has been customary to temper the entire tooth or gill used for the

page_text: above named purposes, in which case the temper was uniform throughout, but
according to our invention we temper the teeth or gills in such a manner as to leave
the points thereof glass hardened, or at least much harder than the remaining
portion of the tooth, whereby they will be far more durable than when tempered
equally throughout.
Several means or methods may be employed to temper the teeth unequally as
above set forth, but we find the following method useful,
After the teeth have been hardened in a bath of oil or water in the ordinary
manner, we place them upon suitably constructed steel plates or bars with their
points or legs of the teeth hanging downwards. The teeth are then subjected to a
Hame of bunsened gas, care being taken to keep the gas away from the points of
the teeth.
In order that our invention may be better understood we will make reference to
the accompanying sheet of drawings wherein Fig. 1 is elevation of a machine which
we employ for hardening and tempering cast steel needle pointed teeth, and Fig. 2
is end view of same. The machine comprises a suitable platform or table A
supported upon standards B. An endless chain C is employed passing over suitably
constructed chain wheels D driven by wheel E and worm F fixed on the driving
shaft G. The endless chain at suitable distances apart is provided with lugs or
brackets H for receiving the ends of a steel bar I shewn more clearly in enlarged
view Fig. 3. and section Fig. 4. As the chain travels in the direction of the arrow,
the steel bar together with the card teeth are carried along coming into contact
in their journey with a flame of bunsened gas issuing from pipe J by which means
the crowns of the teeth are softened, while the points are glass hardened.
When
the steel bar I arrives at the end of the endless chain in its forward movement the
forward end of the steel bar enters into a grooved plate K which guides and
steadies the said bar until the opposite end of the said bar has left the travelling
chain. By the use of a machine such as that herein shewn and described the points
of the card teeth can be hardened to any temperature whilst the crown remains
softer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
Firstly. Hardening and tempering cast steel pointed teeth where the points
thereof are purposely made harder than the crown of the teeth.
Secondly. A machine consisting of a travelling steel bar for carrying card
teeth into contact with a flame of bunsened gas, constructed and operating
substantially as shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 11th day of January 1894.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.