Improvements in Apparatus and Arrangements for Washing and Cleansing the Endless Felts or Blankets of Paper Making Machines, Applicable also for other Washing and Cleansing Operations.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus and Arrangements for Washing and
Cleansing the Endless Felts or Blankets of Paper Making
Machines, Applicable also for other Washing and Cleansing
Operations.
I, GEORGE HENRY MALLARY of Tavistock Street, Bedford Square, in the County
of Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement reference being had to the
accompanying sheet of Diagrams and to the letters and figures marked thereon :-
This invention has for its object "Improvements in apparatus and arrangements
for washing and cleansing the endless felts or blankets of paper making machines,
applicable also for other washing and cleansing operations" whereby I am enabled
to avoid the frequent delays necessitated by having to stop the machines to
perform this operation, and by my improved arrangements to make the washing
and cleansing of the felts or blankets continuous operations during the working of
the machine, and at the same time to avoid the wear and tear of the felts or
blankets which they encounter under the cleansing systems ordinarily followed,
and prevent the loss of time caused by stopping the machine for the removal of the
felts or blankets for washing and cleansing and their replacement.
In carrying out my invention, I employ a rotating roller of any suitable or
convenient dimensions on the surface of which is, or are formed a spiral groove or
grooves, channel or channels, screw thread or screw threads (shown enlarged in
Figure 3) or their equivalents, which roller is encased in a brass or other suitable
metal casing or jacket, which may also be made of any other suitable material,
perforated with suitable holes or openings to allow of the passage of the water and
dirt squeezed and washed out of the felt or blanket, to the groove or grooves
which form water channels or passages to allow the water and dirt to pass away
at the under side of the roller into a trough receptacle or channel after they have
been removed from the felts or blankets.
These rollers are carried or supported by or in bearings in the standards as
shown.
In connection with this roller I employ another plain wood roller of suitable
size or dimensions or one provided with a vulcanized india rubber or other suitable

page_text: elastic surface so placed and arranged as to work in conjunction with the former
roller, and squeeze or compress the endless felt or blanket between its surface and
the perforated surface of the other roller, causing thereby the water and dirt to
pass through the openings into the spiral grooves, channels, or other arrangement
forming the water way or passage and escape at or by the holes on the underside
of the perforated jacket of the roller. By preference I place this roller above the
perforated one and its centre line inclined or away from the vertical line of the
central axis of the perforated roller, so that the unwashed portion of the felt or
blanket may first come in contact with this roller before passing between them,
and so press out a portion of the dirt and water before it passes over the perforated
roller, as shown in the diagram. Suitable means for varying and adjusting the
amount of pressure or compression to which the felt is, or may be subjected
after the washing are provided, and the bearings carrying the roller are furnished
with springs or their equivalent to allow the rollers to separate whilst working in
case of any obstruction and return to their proper position. Both rollers are
connected by suitable gearing so as to revolve together, and they may be actuated
by a pulley and belt, or otlier suitable and 'convenient arrangement.
The water needed for cleansing and washing the felt or blanket, I cause to be
supplied through a perforated pipe or pipes, extending across the machine, on to
the upper surface of the felt before, or just as it passes between the rollers. This
surface being the under one when the pulp, stock, or stuff, is on it and the
perforations may be of any suitable form, size, or number, as desired or preferred.
I may, in some cases, cause the felt or blanket to pass over, under, or between
a second pair of rollers with or without an elastic surface or surfaces or a roller,
after it has passed between the elastic and perforated rollers, and in some cases
may employ another perforated pipe or pipes, extending across the machine,
similarly to the other hereinbefore described, which delivers the water on to the
uppermost surface of the felt or blanket after it has passed the perforated roller..
I may also, in some cases employ a hollow perforated roller in place of the
jacketed roller herein before described, making it of sufficient strength or thickness
to perform the required work.
În applying my arrangement to domestic washing purposes I employ an
additional roller A³ which I term a guide roller, which roller may have a grooved
or corrugated surface, placed so that its axis is above that of the jacketed or per-
forated roller, but not near enough to touch either roller and it may be made of
wood or other suitable material or materials or combination of the same and
provided with springs or their equivalent and means for adjustment and, the
clothes or other things when being washed, pass over the upper surface of this and
against the under surface of the upper roller and over the guide piece a before
passing between it and the perforated or jacketed roller so as to secure the action
obtained in the apparatus when applied to washing the endless felts or blankets
of paper making machines and by passing the articles to be washed back again
through the machine a few times in succession, they will be cleansed and washed
without any of the friction or rubbing action which when employed in washing
machines is so detrimental to the fabrics. This plan is shown in Figure 4...
"
By preference, I mount or arrange this apparatus for the above purposes, in a
tub, tank, vessel or receptacle in which the front, or part where the operator
stands to feed the rollers, is lower than the opposite part, which may be cut away
or lowered to the extent of one third to one half or more of the circumference of
the tub, tank, vessel or receptacle, as desired or preferred, and the apparatus may
be actuated by hand, foot, or power, as desired or preferred. This arrangement of
the tub, tank, vessel or receptacle, is clearly shown in the diagram.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I will more fully describe
the same by the aid of the accompanying' diagrams which represent in Figure 1 a
longitudinal or side elevation of a paper making machine with my improved
cleanser and washer fitted thereto; and Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of my
invention by means of which the same may be more readily understood.

page_text: In Figure 1 the perforated roller is shown at A; the casing or jacket with its
perforations being indicated by B; the rubber covered or elastic surfaced roller is
shown by C; the rubber or elastic surface or covering being indicated by D; the
endless felt or blanket passing between the rollers in the direction of the arrows
is shown by E; and the perforated pipe supplying the water to the surface of the
endless felt or blanket is shown at F; and G is the roller or rollers over under or
between which it passes.
Figure 2 shows the two rollers removed from their bearings in the standards
the gearing for connecting them being indicated by G G₁, and the driving pulley
by which they may be actuated by H. Part of the perforated casing or jacket B
of the roller A, is shown removed, in order that the grooves forming the water
ways or channels may be more clearly shown and understood.
By preference I arrange the groove or grooves in such a manner say in a spiral
or other suitable form, as not to run in parallel lines with the holes in the per-
forated jacket or casing, but diagonally in order to obtain as much support as
possible for the jacket or casing over a large surface, and thus prevent the forcing
of the casing or jacket in its unsupported parts, into the grooves or channels.
It will be seen on examining my improved arrangements hereinbefore specified,
and shown in the diagrams, that the clay used in paper making and particles of
pulp will be washed out of the felt, which by coming in contact with the top
roller before it passes between them, aided by the water and compression of the
rollers, will cause the dirt to leave the felt or blanket and (by passing through the
perforations in the jacket or casing) will escape by the holes in the lower part or
underside of the roller A and can thence be led away by a trough or shoot or be
otherwise disposed of thus the loss of time in having to stop the machine, the wear
and tear of the felts or blankets, and various other objections now existing, are
completely overcome and avoided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
First The use of a hollow perforated roller or rollers or cylinder or cylinders
or a grooved or channelled hollow one, covered with a suitable perforated jacket,
or envelope, working in connection with another roller or rollers or cylinder or
cylinders with or without an elastic surface placed over the said perforated or
jacketed roller or cylinder, in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described, and shown in the diagram.
Second The arrangement of a hollow perforated, or perforated jacketed roller
or rollers with grooved or channelled surface, working in combination with a
guide roller and arranged as shown in Figure 4 and hereinbefore described for
domestic washing and other purposes.
G. H. MALLARY,
Applicant.