IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING AND STORING AERATED WATERS, AND FOR TRANSFERRING THESE AND OTHER LIQUIDS PROM ONE VESSEL TO ANOTHER.
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolphus Clark and Abraham Van Winkle,
both of 7, Great Wild St., London, in the County of Middlesex,
Soda Apparatus Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING AND STORING AERATED WATERS, AND FOR
TRANSFERRING THESE AND OTHER LIQUIDS PROM ONE VESSEL TO ANOTHER.".
Partly a communication from abroad by their partner Gustavus Davis
Dows, of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States of America.
Sealed the 28th July 1868, and dated the 1st February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolphus Clark and
Abraham Van Winkle at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
with their Petition on the 1st February 1868.
We, ADOLPHUS CLARK and ABRAHAM VAN WINKLE, both of 7, Great
Wild St. London, in the County of Middlesex, Soda Apparatus
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING AND STORING AERATED WATERS, AND
FOR TRANSFERRING THESE AND OTHER LIQUIDS FROM ONE VESSEL TO ANOTHER," to
be as follows:-
For the purposes of our Invention we use a generator for the gas
and an acid pot, cach made of copper or of iron in two or more pieces,

page_text: lined with sheet lead, and the several parts bolted together with flange
rings and flanges which admit of there being taken to pieces when
required. The acid pot is above the generator, it is supplied from the
top with acid, the flow of which into the generator is regulated by a
valve. The gas-producing materials with which the generator is
charged from the top are agitated by means of an axle and paddles
or floats attached thereto, which pass through the interior from one
end to the other, and which are moved from the exterior by means of
a crank and handle. The gas outlet of the generator is at the top
from a small dome which has a guard or curtain before the outlet
to prevent it from becoming clogged with the materials which are
occasionally agitated in the generator. The connecting pipe of the
indicator or pressure guage is attached at this outlet, and another pipe
which admits gas, at the top of the acid pot, and equalizes its pressure
with that of the generator; while the third and principal pipe from
this outlet passes into the first purifier and discharges the gas into
the water near the bottom. Thence the gas rises through the water
and passes out through a pipe at the top which discharges it in the
same manner in the second purifier and so on through the series when
more than one purifier is used; from the last purifier the pure gas
passes through a very strong flexible tube into the storing reservoir
or fountain. This fountain and tho purifiers are made of copper tinned
inside, or of iron, and also provided with a separate lining of pure sheet
tin. The generator and the purifiers are provided with blow-off taps
at the bottom for the discharge of refuse material, the fountain is an
elongated spheroid with a beveled flange at one end to support it in
an upright position, the fountain and the purifiers are made in two
parts which are bolted together with flange rings and flanges. This
construction is necessary on account of the sheet tin lining, and it
is also useful to admit of repairs, although as repairs are very seldom
required a heavy soldered or plumber's joint may be used when the
sheet tin lining is dispensed with. The fountain is provided with
pivots exterior to its shortest diameter, and the frame on which the
generator with other parts of the apparatus is permanently mounted
has bearings corresponding to these pivots, or a separate frame is
provided for the fountain. While being charged with gas from the
purifiers through the flexible tube before mentioned the fountain is placed
on these bearings, where it may be conveniently oscillated to cause a
more rapid absorption of the gas by the liquid in the fountain. The

page_text: flexible tube before mentioned and any discharge pipe used with the
fountain has a metalic elbow at one end; at the top of the fountain
is a tap with a pipe passing to the bottom. The outer or upper end
of the tap has two strong uprights at opposite sides joined at the top.
Through the bridge or junction between the uprights a strong set screw
passes perpendicularly. Now, if the elbow mentioned above be passed
between the uprights and placed over the end of the tap with a washer
between them a perfectly sound connection with the tap may be
instantly formed by turning the point of the screw with great force
against a suitable recess or socket which is provided in the bend of
the elbow. Or the set screw and clamp may be entirely separate from
the tap, which must in that case be provided with a flange near the
end to fit over and hold securely one end of the clamp. We also use
this clamp connection for barrels and other reservoirs of potable liquids
which for convenience are drawn for the consumer through a tube
leading some distance from the main reservoir. The part of the tap
which connects directly with the tube and with the fountain has a
cylindrical recess in one side with a flat smooth bottom, at opposite
sides of which terminate two passages, one from each end of the tap.
There is a pin at the bottom of the recess and a leather disk or washer
with three holes in it, one of which goes over the pin and thus prevents
the washer from turning round, while the other two holes always
correspond with the two holes in the bottom of the cylindrical recess.
A male screw terminating in a nut fits the cylindrical recess; this
combined screw and nut is hollow, and itself receives from the inside
a cone or a flanged cylinder having on its inner face two holes running
into each other and corresponding with the two holes in the bottom of
the cylindrical recess before mentioned; while the outer extremity of
this cylinder or conc terminates in a cube or other form suitable for
its being turned with a key, but not extending beyond the outer face
of the nut, in the hollow of which there is sufficient space for the key.
The screw being forced down on this cone or cylinder presses its face
against the washer so as to form a perfect joint, and then if the cone
or cylinder be turned with a key the connection between the two
passages in the tap can be instantly made and broken at pleasure.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Adolphus Clark and Abraham Van Winkle in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ADOLPHUS
CLARK and ABRAHAM VAN WINKLE, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Adolphus Clark and Abraham Van Winkle,
Her special licence, that we, the said Adolphus Clark and Abraham Van
Winkle, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said Adolphus Clark and Abraham Van Winkle, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed. should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR MANUFACTURING AND STORING AERATED WATERS AND POR TRANSFERRING THESE
AND OTHER LIQUIDS FROM ONE VESSEL TO ANOTHER," the result partly of a com-
munication made to us from abroad by our partner Gustavus Davis Dows,
of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States of America, and partly
of Invention and discovery made by us, upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Adolphus Clark and Abraham Van Winkle,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Adolphus Clark and Abraham Van
Winkle, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this Invention is to construct an apparatus to facilitate
the manufacture of aerated waters, part of the apparatus being employed

page_text: for storing the waters so manufactured, and other parts for transferring
these and other potable liquids from one vessel to another.
The Invention will be fully understood from the following Specifi-
cation, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings annexed.
Fig. 1 is a general view of the apparatus complete as we prefer to
construct and arrange the same; Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the
generator A in which we place powdered marble, whiting, or bicarbonate
of soda and water. This generator is lined with lead to resist the
action of the acid which is supplied thereto from another vessel or
pot B shewn in a detached view, Fig. 3, this pot being lined in a similar
manner. The inside of the generator is fitted with floats or paddles C
which agitate its contents when the handle D is turned; the acid
pot B is fitted with a valve a, the stem of which is screw threaded so
as to allow the valve to be raised from its seat to admit the required
quantity of acid into the generator. To an opening on the top of the
generator a tube b is fitted for the purpose of conveying the gas which is
produced by the action of acid on the materials in the generator into
a vessel E containing water, the tube leading nearly to the bottom;
the gas rises through this water and is thus deprived of its impurities
To ensure a more perfect washing of the gas I fit a second vessel F
in the same manner and carry a pipe c from the top of the first nearly
to the bottom of the second vessel as indicated in Fig. 4 which is a
sectional view of the two vessels. The outlet for the gas from the
generator is dome shaped and provided with a guard or curtain i to
prevent its becoming clogged with the materials which are occasionally
agitated in the generator. The pipe 6 has two branches, one of which
j equalizes the pressure in the vessel B with that in the generator A
and the other branch leads to the indicator or pressure gauge 1.
The purified gas passes from this second vessel F through a tube d
leading to the bottom of a vessel G shewn separately at Fig. 5 partly
filled with water. The water becomes charged with the gas which
passes from the tube d into it, and when sufficiently charged the
pipe d may be disconnected from the vessel G and another similar
vessel may be substituted in its place. The generator and the purifiers
are fitted with blow off cocks e, f, and 9 as shewn. The lining and
the outer casing of each of the vessels herein-before mentioned is made
in two or more parts with flanges, which are brought together and

page_text: firmly secured by means of rings and screw bolts. The purifying
vessels E and F and the vessel G, are cach furnished with a separate
and distinct lining of tin, and this construction forms an important
feature of our Invention. For greater expedition in charging the
water in the vessel G with the gas I form on the rings or on the sides
of the vessel itself pivots or trunnions to fit into bearings as shewn
in Figs. 1 and 5, for the purpose of rendering it capable of being
rocked or oscillated while being charged, the tube d being flexible for
that purpose.
In the modified arrangement shewn at Fig. 6, the
purifying vessel E into which the gas passes from the generator A is
mounted on the vessel G containing the water to be charged; to charge
this water more rapidly the interior of the vessel G is fitted with paddles
or floats in a similar manner to that herein-before described with
reference to the generator A.
The second part of our Invention relates to the construction of a tap
as shewn separately in Fig. 7, and it consists of a body I formed with
two holes m and n leading from each end nearly to the middle where
they branch off towards one side and open into a cylindrical recess as
shewn, a portion of this recess is screw threaded and a cap o fitted
therein. This cap is hollow to admit a plug p which passes through it
from the inside, and is held in place by being cone shaped or by having
a flange on its base. The base of the plug is formed with holes running
into each other for the purpose of establishing communication between
the two holes m and n. Between the base of the plug and the body of
the tap I place a leather washer q to act as a cushion between them and
which is prevented from turning with the plug by a pin or projection
taking into it. This washer is pierced with two other holes corros-
ponding with the holes in the tap. The outer end of the plug is formed
with a square head on which a key r may be placed to turn the same.
When the plug is turned with the key the holes are brought into
communication with the holes m and , whereby the complete passage
is formed from the vessel to which the tap is fitted. When this tap
is used in connection with a tube for transferring liquids from one
vessel to another, we secure to the end of the tube an elbow piece s
Figs. 1 and 7; the projecting end of this elbow piece fits over the end
of the tap and is held firmly thereto by a screw threaded rod t pressing
thereon, which rod passes through the bow of a clamp u forming part
of the top of the tap. Sometimes we make this clamp separate from

page_text: the tap, in which case the lower ends of the uprights are connected by
a semicircular flange piece which takes under a projecting rim v on
the top of the tap.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we declare that we
claim,―
First. The general arrangement and combination of our improved
apparatus for manufacturing and storing aerated waters, as described
and represented in Figs. 1 to 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The modified arrangement of the same shown in Fig. 6.
Third. The construction of a separate sheet tin lining to the vessels E,
F, and G, as described and shewn in Figs. 4 and 5.
Fourth. The construction of a tap and parts connected therewith
as described and shewn in Figs. 1, 5, and 7 for the purpose of trans-
ferring liquids from one vessel to another.
And, fifth. The construction of a clamp either fixed on the tap or
separate therefrom, for connecting the elbow piece with the tap as and
for the purposes, herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Adolphus Clark and Abraham
Van Winkle, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-eight.
ADOLPHUS CLARK.
(L.S.)
ABRAHAM VAN WINKLE. (L.S.)