Planking, and Stumping Off the Bodies of Felt Hats.
Year: 1885

page_text: Planking, and Stumping Off the Bodies of Felt Hats.
We, JOSEPH OLDHAM and ORLANDO OLDHAM both of Denton, near Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND MACHINERY FOR CUTTING ROLLERS FOR
SETTLING PLANKING AND STUMPING-OFF THE BODIES OF FELT HATS," to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce a more perfect settling planking and
stumping-off and durable roller than has hitherto been practicable and consists in
cutting the same out of the solid wood instead of having the elliptical rings or
right and left hand threads planted upon and secured to the body of the roller by
screws as heretofore.
In performing our invention and as applied to rollers with elliptical rings, which
have been hitherto mostly constructed of india-rubber, we form the elliptical rings
upon the roller itself, or cut the same out of the solid wood, and this is effected by
mounting the roller with its axle arranged in bearings.
Upon one end of this axle we mount a cam groove corresponding in form to the
elliptical ring required-This groove is then arranged to revolve in contact with a
fixed stud upon the framework, and so that as the axle revolves it has a longi-
tudinal motion imparted to it in its bearings corresponding to the form of the
required groove, and thus by means of a cutter fixed in a suitable adjustable slide,
and gradually advancing up to the roller, the surface thereof is cut into a series of
elliptical rings.
To cut right and left hand threads we mount the axle of the roller in a frame,
and instead of causing the roller to revolve we cause the same to partake of the
motion of a screw thread or groove, corresponding to the screw thread required
upon the roller; this groove being formed in an extension of the axis of the
roller, and which practically forms the cam groove above mentioned.-In this case
however, the cutter is caused to rapidly revolve at the required angle and to be
Raine R71

page_text: gradually advanced against the roller undergoing the cutting operation-And to
form spiral or diagonal grooves or threads in or upon rollers we mount the axle
of the rollers in bearings in a suitable slide, and we impart the requisite spiral
motion to the axle as it travels beneath a rapidly revolving cutter by having an
arm projecting from such axle, with its extremity connected to a boss travelling up
an inclined rod: this rod being set at the desired angle with regard to the axle to
give the twist required-In forming a single groove or thread, the roller is then
brought back to the starting point and another groove or thread is cut alongside
the first mentioned one, and the operation repeated, until the whole, circumference
is similarly grooved or threaded.

page_text: Improvements in and Machinery for Cutting Rollers for Settling,
Planking, and Stumping Off the Bodies of Felt Hats.
We JOSEPH OLDHAM and ORLANDO OLDHAM both of Denton Iron Works Denton
near Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of this Invention is to produce a more perfect settling, planking and
stumping off and durable roller than has hitherto been practicable and consists in
cutting the same out of the solid wood instead of having the elliptical rings or
right and left hand threads planted upon and secured to the body of the roller by
screws as heretofore.
In performing our invention and as applied to rollers with elliptical rings for
planking and stumping off and which have been hitherto mostly constructed of
india-rubber, we form the elliptical rings or projections upon the roller itself or cut
the same out of the solid wood and this is effected by mounting the roller a with
its axle b arranged in bearings o as illustrated in Fig. 1.
Upon one end of this axle b we mount a cam groove d corresponding in form to
the elliptical ring required. This groove is then arranged to revolve in contact
with a fixed stud e upon the frame work f and so that as the axle revolves (by a
strap passing round the speed pullies g) it has also a longitudinal motion imparted
to it in its bearings corresponding to the form of the required elliptical or other
ring and thus by means of a cutter h fixed in an ordinary adjustable slide rest and'
gradually advanced up to the roller a the surface thereof is cut into a series of
elliptical roller rings ii as illustrated-these rings being exact fac-similes of the
cam groove d
To cut right and left hand continuous threads we mount the axle of the roller a
as seen in Fig. 2 in bearings ; and instead of causing the roller to revolve as in
Fig. 1. we cause the same to partake of the motion of a screw thread or groove
corresponding to the screw thread required upon the roller-this screw thread or
groovek being formed in an extension of the axis of the roller and screwed
thereto by the set screws m. This extension thus practically forms the cam
groove d above mentioned and the stud of which is conveniently fixed in the cap
of the bearing I as illustrated.
0
I this case however the cutter o is caused to revolve rapidly at the required
angle, say by an endless band passing round the pulley n and to be gradually
advanced in a slide rest against the roller undergoing the cutting operation.
To cut a left hand thread it is only necessary to transfer the stud e to the
corresponding hole I' in the left band bearing and thus we can cut right and left
hand threads meeting in the centre of the same roller and which description of
roller is also applicable to machinery for planking and stumping off.
Instead of the cam or screw groove being formed in the axle as hereinbefore
described it might be formed inside a fixed cylindrical shell or casing with a
stud affixed upon the axle taking into itar instead of grooves, projections may be

page_text: formed upon the axle taking into corresponding female grooves formed in a
stationary shell or nut but these we should consider to be modifications of our
invention.
And to form a spiral or diagonal thread or threads or grooves in or upon rollers
and specially applicable to rollers of settling machines we mount the axle P of the
roller a in bearings or pedestals r in a suitable sliding frame or carriage & as seen
in plan Fig. 3 and side view Fig. 4 and we impart the requisite spiral motion to
the axle p as it travels or is pushed between the side guides and beneath a
rapidly revolving cutter t (driven by a band passing round a pulley b¹) by having
an arm or finger u projecting from such axle with its extremity u¹ connected to a
boss which boss as the roller advances beneath the cutter t is compelled to travel
up an inclined rod w, this rod w being adjustable and set at the desired angle with
regard to the axle p to give the twist required.
By inclining the sliding frame 8 more or less upon its centre s¹ by means of the
adjusting screw and hand wheel a any desired pitch of thread or groove may be
obtained. Having so cut a single groove or thread the roller a is then brought
back to the starting point in the side guides 8ª and another groove or thread is cut
alongside the first mentioned one and the operation is repeated until the whole
circumference of the roller is similarly grooved or threaded.
To cut a groove or thread in the reverse direction to that illustrated, it is only
requisite to mount the boss von the inclined rod w¹ situated on the other side of
the roller.
We would here remark that in this our improved construction of solid roller,
there is no liability of screws nails or other fastening falling out (under the action
of the vitriol) and of getting into and cutting the hats,-seeing that all screws;
nails and other fastening are dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st The improved construction and employment of solid rollers for settling,
planking and stumping off the bodies of felt hats substantially as herein desbribed.
2nd The improved method of and apparatus for cutting elliptical spherical
diagonal or other prejections upon the surface of wooden rollers substantially as
and for the purposes herein described and illustrated on the accompanying;
drawing.
3rd In machinery for cutting rollers the employment of a cam groove corre-
sponding in form to the projection required to be cut in combination with a fixed
stud substantially as herein described and illustrated on the accompanying drawing.,
4th In machinery for cutting screw threads or continuous spiral projection, upon
the surface of rollers the employment of a corresponding groove and fixed stud or
its equivalent, substantially as herein described and illustrated on the accom-
panying drawing.
"
J
5th In machinery for cutting diagonal projections or grooves upon rollers the
employment of a travelling frame for carrying the roller to and fro beneath grooves.
acting in combination with an inclined rod or rods for imparting the desired twist
to the roller and adjustable to any desired angle substantially as herein described,
and illustrated on the accompanying drawing.