Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Moving and Stirring Pulverulent or Granular Materials and the like in Drying, Calcining, and similar Ovens or Stoves.
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Moving and
Stirring Pulverulent or Granular Materials and the like in
Drying, Calcining, and similar Ovens or Stoves.
1, CHRISTIAN ALBERT JENSEN of 77 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex
Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Messieurs Schüchtermann and Kremer of Dortmund Prussia in the
Empire of Germany Engineers) to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to construct an apparatus which shall automatically
transport and stir pulverulent or granular materials and at the same time subject the
latter to the action of heat for the purpose of heating or drying same.
The apparatus is placed in an oven or stove and above the oven bottom and consists of
a frame of wrought or cast iron which is capable of being moved backwards and
forwards and sliding on suitable bearing pieces sledges or wheels. These wheels run
on rails fixed on to brackets built into or fixed to the inside of the oven in any suit-
able manner.
The frame is made with a number of cross pieces on each of which are
mounted certain scrapers or rates. These scrapers are each made somewhat in the
form of a double wedge and almost touch the bottom of the oven. They are 50
mounted on the cross pieces that the intermediate spaces between the scrapers of one
cross piece are opposite the scrapers of the next cross piece. The scrapers are so
constructed that two of the sides of each scraper pointing in the direction in which
the grain or other material is to be transported from an angle which is greater than
the angle formed by the other two sides of the rake which point in the direction from
which the grain or other pulverulent material is to be brought. The edges of the
scrapers may either be sharp or rounded off. The frame may be actuated by means of
a connecting rod passing through a stuffing box in one end of the oven.. The materials
to be dried go in at one end through a funnel or hopper to the transporting apparatus
which being reciprocated transports same to the other end of the oven where it leaves

page_text: the latter by another opening. The length of stroke of the frame may be varied
as different circumstances may dictate, but should generally be greater than the
distance between two rows of scrapers. In consequence of the different inclinations
of the sides of the rakes the materials to be transported are pushed forward further
than they are drawn back and the rate of transport may be varied by varying the
angles relatively of the front and back ends. Heat is produced by a furnace or fire
place which may be situated under the oven and the arch or upper part of which is
provided with flues which radiate from the centre thereof and all the hot gases to
impinge against the bottom of the oven. The hot gases escape by an opening at the
further end of the furnace.

page_text: Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Moving and
Stirring Pulverulent or Granular Materials and the like in
Drying, Calcining, and similar Ovens or Stoves.
I, CHRISTIAN ALBERT JENSEN of 77 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex
Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
to me from abroad by Messieurs Schüchtermann and Kremer of Dortmund Prussia
in the Empire of Germany Engineers and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to construct an apparatus which shall automatically
transport and stir pulverulent or granular materials and at the same time subject the
latter to the action of heat for the purpose of heating or drying same.
And in order to illustrate more clearly this invention reference is made to the
accompanying drawings of which Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section of the
apparatus Figure 2 is a plan section on line a b Figure 1 and Figure 3 a cross
section on line c, d Figure 1. Figure 4 is a detail view on a larger scale showing one
form of scraper in plan.
The apparatus BCE F is placed in an oven or stove and above the oven bottom A
and consists of a frame B of wrought or cast iron which is capable of being moved
backwards and forwards and sliding or mounted on suitable flanged wheels C-Or
the wheels C may be replaced by appropriate bearing pieces or sledges. These wheels C
run on rails D fixed onto brackets N built into or fixed to the insides of the oven for
instance by splayed brackets as indicated by dotted lines in Figures 2 and 3 or in any
other suitable manner. The frame B is made with a number of cross pieces or
girders E on each of which are mounted certain scrapers or rakes F. These scrapers F
are each made somewhat in the form of a double wedge and almost touch the bottom A
of the oven. They are so mounted on the cross pieces E that the intermediate spaces
between the scrapers of one cross-piece are opposite the scrapers F of the next cross-
piece. Referring to Figure 4 it will be seen that the scrapers are so constructed that
the two sides f f of each scraper pointing in the direction in which the grain or
other material is to be transported form an angle which is greater than the angle
formed by the other two sides f³ f of the rake which point in the direction from
which the grain or other pulverulent material is to be brought. The edges of the
scrapers may either be sharp or rounded off and it is evident that the contour or
form of said scrapers may be somewhat varied without departing from the invention.
Further the scrapers may be made adjustable as regards the sizes of the angles so as to
quicken or retard the transport of the grain or the like without altering the speed or
stroke of the connecting rod G which actuates the frame and passes through a stuffing
box G' at the end of the oven. The materials to be dried go in at one end of the oven
through a funnel or hopper H to the transporting apparatus which being reciprocated

page_text: transports same by degrees to the other end of the oven where it leaves the latter by
another opening or shoot J. The length of the stroke of the frame may be varied as
different circumstances may dictate, but should generally be greater than the distance
between two rows of scrapers. In consequence of the different inclinations or contours
of the sides of the rakes the materials to be transported are pushed forward further
than they are drawn back and the rate of transport may be varied by varying the
angles relatively of the front and back ends.
Heat is produced by a furnace or fire place K which may, as shewn, be situated
under the oven and the arch or upper part of which may be provided with flues L
which radiate from the centre of the furnace, thus allowing all the hot gases to impinge
against the bottom A of the oven. The hot gases or products of combustion escape
by an opening M at the further end of the furnace and the pipes O in the upper part
of the oven serve to lead off the hot vapours or gases evolved therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
First In a drying, calcining or similar oven or stove, the apparatus for moving
and stirring pulverulent or granular materials consisting of a reciprocating frame B
on suitable wheels or bearing pieces C and provided with scrapers or rakes F
substantially as set forth.
Second-The construction and arrangement of rake F substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
Third The combination of the apparatus for moving and stirring pulverulent or
granular materials with the oven or stove.