IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES AND FRAMES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pehr Johan Ekman, of Stockholm, in the King-
dom of Sweden, Architect, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES AND FRAMES."
Sealed the 17th September 1872, and dated the 19th March 1872.

page_text: Instead of causing the upper sash of a window to be forced or pressed
against the outside lining of the window frame, as described in the said
Specification, I now propose to force or press the inside of the vertical
side bars of the upper sash against the vertical parting beads of the
window frames. This is effected by bevelling the top bar of the upper
sash on the opposite or outer side thereof, and fixing the bevelled guides
or cleats on the outside of the top of the pulley stiles and below the
outside head lining of the window frame, instead of to the parting beads
thereof. By this improvement both the lower and upper sashes will be
forced-or pressed against the same parting beads, but on the opposite-
sides thereof.
I now propose to partially bevel the meeting faces of the meeting rails
to the same or a similar angle, between which bevelled faces I introduce
a strip of india-rubber, one edge of which strip I fix in or to the outer
meeting rail in such a way that the other or opposite edge of the said
strip of india-rubber presses against the bevelled face of the inner
meeting rail which closes the space between the said meeting rails.
In order the more effectually to close the meeting rails of my improved
sashes I add an upright flange or shoulder to the moveable bar of an
ordinary sash fastener, so placed that the upright face of the said flange
or shoulder moves along, and when the fastener is closed presses against,
the curved plate or guide of the fastener, and thus forces the said two
meeting rails together.

page_text: and grant unto me, the said Pehr Johan Ekman, Her special licence
that I, the said Pehr Johan Ekman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Pehr Johan Ekman, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW SASHES AND FRAMES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Pehr Johan Ekman, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pehr Johan Ekman, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to further improvements in window sashes
as described in the Specification of an Invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to me, bearing date the Fifth day of August, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, and
numbered 2074.
The means by which I propose to carry the said object of my
Invention into effect in practice I now proceed to explain with the
aid of the accompanying Drawing which forms part of this Specifica-
tion. The same parts are indicated in each Figure of the Drawing
where the same index letters and figures appear.
Figure 1 is a plan or horizontal view of the meeting bars or rails e, e¹,
of a pair of window sashes, shewing my improved fasteners; the sides
of the frame k, the side bars d', and vertical beads p, v, being shewn
in horizontal section. Figure 2 is a vertical cross section of the same
sashes.
Instead of causing the upper sash of a window to be forced or pressed

page_text: against the outside lining of the window frame, as described in my said
previous Specification, I now propose to force or press the inside face
of the vertical side bars thereof against the vertical parting beads p, as
shown in the Drawing. This is effected by bevelling the upper outside
edge of the top bar d, and of the vertical side bars of the said upper sash,
to a suitable angle, and fixing the guide or cleat c cut to the same
angle or bevel as the said sash bars on or to the top of the pulley
stile, and below the outside head lining of the window frame, instead
of being secured to the vertical parting beads p thereof.
When my
improved sash thus prepared is closed the bevelled part of the bars
sliding against the bevelled face of the cleat or guide c, as shewn in
Figure 2, forces or presses the inside face of the said vertical bars
against the outside face of the said parting beads p, and when the lower
sash is closed, as described in my said previous Specification, the bevelled
part of the bottom rail d³ slides against the bevelled face of the bead
or cleat a, as shewn in Figure 2, and the outside face of the vertical
side bars of this lower sash are thereby pressed or forced against the
inside face of the said parting beads p, as shewn; a small space being left
between the sashes and the frame at top and bottom, as shewn at s
and 8, to allow the said effect to be attained.
I now propose to partially bevel the meeting faces of the meeting
rails e, e', as shewn in Figure two, to the same or a similar angle or bevel,
between which bevelled faces I introduce a strip of india-rubber i, one
edge of which strip I fix or secure in or to the outer meeting rail in
such a way that the other or opposite edge of the said strip of india-
rubber presses against the the bevelled face of the inner meeting rail e¹,
as shewn in Figure 2, and thus closes the space between the said meeting
rails.
In order the more effectually and securely to close the said meeting
rails e, e¹, of my improved sashes, I add to the moveable bar f of the
sash fastener an upright flange or shoulder g, so placed or arranged that
the vertical face of the said flange or shoulder moves along, and when
the fastener is closed presses against the face of the curved plate or
guide of the said sash fastener, and thus forces the said meeting
rails e, e¹, more closely together, so as effectually to prevent any draught
of air.
Having thus fully described and ascertained the nature and objects of
my said Invention, and the mode of carrying the same into effect in

page_text: practice, I wish it to be understood that I do not bind myself to the
particular angles of the bevels of the said rails and bead or cleat, nor to
the positions of the fasteners, as shewn in the Drawing; but what I do
claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by the before-mentioned in
part recited Letters Patent is,-
Firstly. The method of forcing or pressing the upper sashes of
windows against the parting beads of window frames."
And, secondly. The introduction of strips of india-rubber along and
between the meeting bars of window sashes, and the mode of forcing or
pressing such meeting bars more closely together, all substantially as
herein described and shewn in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pehr Johan Ekman, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
PEHR JOHAN EKMAN. (L.S.)