Year: 1888

page_text: We, WILLIAM HENRY DOWLAND of 54 Glengall Road London S.E. and WALTER
MILLS of 232 Friern Road London S.E. engineers do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
In carrying out this invention we use any material of a porous and non combustible
nature such as clay fire clay calcic sulphate burnt clay ballast or the like material
together with slag wool or asbestos out of which wo form blocks of a suitable size and
shape from which we expel any moisture by proper means. The said blocks may
then be saturated with paraffin kerosine or other suitable hydro carbon oil. The
blocks are placed in a grate and when ignited may be used for kindling coal fires
without employing wood or paper in the ordinary manner. The blocks may be
re-saturated with oil and used over and over again as often as required.
Dated this First day of June 1888
WILLIAM HENRY DOWLAND.
WALTER MILLS.

page_text: We WILLIAM HENRY DOWLAND of 54 Glengall Road London S.E. engineer and
WALTER MILLS of 232 Friern Road London S.E. analyst do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
For kindling an ordinary coal fire and generally for the economical combustion of
small quantities of paraffin kerosine petroleum or other mineral oils we take any
good non-combustible porous and refractory substance such as fire-clay ordinary
Brick earth chalk lime burnt clay ballast calcic sulphate asbestos slag wool pumice
stone or a mixture of these and form therewith a cake. This cake is fashioned with
knobs corrugations lumps or excrescences on both sides. We find that a very excel-
lent cake-is-produced-when-its-shape is circular-living-a diameter of about three.
inches and a thickness of about one inch the knobs corrugations lumps or excrescences
projecting therefrom a distance of about half an inch from the top and bottom of the
cake. The cake is then perforated vertically with conical holes having a diameter of
about an inch at one end and a quarter of an inch at the other; that side of the
cake where the narrow opening of these conical holes occurs we call the top of the
cake and the other side the bottom. The cake having been thus fashioned or
moulded is next dried and then burned or baked so as to cause its constituents to
colere permanently. A band of iron is then placed around the cake, which band is
attached to a handle or book. At the bottom of the cake a wick of asbestos is
attached by fire-clay or other suitable adhesive substance, or a piece of tow, rag, or
paper may be similarly attached or fixed loosely in one of the conical holes. The
cake is next saturated with mineral oil, and when placed in position it is ignited by
applying a light to the wick.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :
1. The knobs corrugations lumps or excrescences projecting from the cake in the
manner detailed herein before.
2. The band of iron and the handle attached thereto as a means of handling the
cake.
3. The conical perforations through the body of the cake as hereinbefore described.
4. The method of and apparatus for igniting the said cake when charged with oil,
to wit a wick whether fixed or loose, as herein before described.
Dated this 28th day of February 1889.