IMPROVEMENTS FOR CLEANING WOOL COTTON, AND SIMILAR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, PROM BURRS, MOTES, AND OTHER EXTRANEOUS MATTER
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
SYKES and ADAM OGDEN, both of Dock Street, in Huddersfield, in the County
of York, Wool Cleaners and Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fourth day of June, in the thir-
teenth year of Her reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty, did give and grant unto us, the said John Sykes and
Adam Ogden, our exors, adññors, and assigns, Her especial license, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that we, the said John Sykes and Adam Ogden,
our exors, admors, and assigns, and such others as we, the said John
Sykes and Adam Ogden, our exors, adññors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS FOR CLEANING WOOL, COTTON,
AND SIMILAR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, PROM BURRS, MOTES, AND OTHER EXTRANEOUS
MATTER;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso requiring
that we, the said John Sykes and Adam Ogden, shall particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, to be
enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next, as, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Sykes and Adam Ogden, do hereby declare that the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by this Instrument in writing,
reference being also had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and in which said
Drawings also similar parts are marked and referred to by similar letters or
figures (that is to say) :-
The several parts of the machine are represented by the Drawings hereunto
annexed on a single Sheet, and numbered respectively Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
and 7, and the directions of rotation of the working parts are indicated by
arrows, and the same letters and figures of reference represent the same parts
throughout.
Figure 1 represents a plan view of the machine without the arrester, the
insertion of which latter instrument would interfere with a distinct view of the
'spiral cylinder.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of one side of the machine.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the other side of the machine.
Figures 4 and 5 represent the two stays that form part of and hold the
'frame A together, by means of bolts passing through the frame sides and the
stays themselves.
The remaining Figures 6 and 7 are detached parts drawn on an enlarged
scale, for the purpose of more fully shewing and explaining those parts herein-
after to be referred to. Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, are drawn to a scale of one
eighth, and Figures 6 and 7 to a scale of one half for lineal dimensions.
Number 1, Figure 2, represents the fast and loose pulleys for receiving the strap
to drive the machine placed on a shaft, which carries the beater drum F,
revolving free of the feed rollers E, E, and the grate G, H; all made in the usual
way, heretofore well known. On the same end of the beater drum shaft F is
placed the double pulley 2 of two sizes; from the less size, number 28, motion
is conveyed by means of a strap to the pulley 24 on the shaft of the ribbed
cylinder I, and from the larger size of this double pulley 2, motion is again
conveyed by means of a strap to the pulley 3 on the axle of the spiral cylinder
S. Upon the opposite end of the beater drum shaft F, Figure 3, a pinion 25
is keyed, from which motion is conveyed by a train of spur wheels 26, 27, 28,
29, and 30, to the fluted feeding rollers E, E, from the opposite end of which,
Figure 2, motion is conveyed to the roller C, that carries the feeder cloth B,
Figures 1 and 2. On the same end of the shaft of the beater drum F,
Figure 3, from which the feed rollers are driven, is placed the pulley 34, from
which, by means of a strap, motion is conveyed to the pulley $1, on the axle

page_text: of the fan cylinder shaft U. Upon the opposite end of the fan cylinder shaft
the pulley 32 is placed, Figure 2, from which motion is conveyed, by means of
a strap, to the pulley 38 on the axle of the tooth and rib cylinder T. On the
opposite side of the machine is placed the pulley 4, Figure 3, on the axle of the
spiral cylinder S, from which motion is conveyed by means of a strap to the
pulley 5, placed on the axle of the strip brush R; upon the opposite end of
which the pinion 6, Figure 2, is keyed, from which a decreasing motion is con-
veyed through a train of spur wheels 7, 8, 9, 10, to the comb cylinder M.
On the opposite end of the shaft of the comb cylinder M is placed a spur
wheel 11, Figure 3, gearing into a train of spur wheels 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
18, 19, 20, 21, 22, which impart motion to the cloth K, the roller brushes L
and O, and the card roller N. The strip brush R, comb cylinder M, roller
brushes L and O, card roller N, and cloth K (the cloth only being shortened
to admit of the ribbed cylinder I being inserted between the cloth K
and the beater cylinder F); are so well known as to form and con-
struction that they need no further description here. I, Figures 2 and 3,
represents a ribbed cylinder with eight longitudinal ribs on its surface. Its
diameter is fifteen inches. J, Figures 2 and 3, represents the grate under
the last named cylinder I. P, Q, Figure 6, is composed of a piece of
cast iron (Q), and a bar of tempered steel (P), both of sufficient strength to
prevent vibration, and forming, when screwed fast together, what we denomi
nate the arrester, the edge of the steel projecting further than the edge of the
iron, and both bevilled off at the back side, the former to one sixteenth of an
inch at its edge, so that the spiral cylinder can be adjusted, as represented in
transverse section at Figure 6, the part so bevilled being the length of the
comb cylinder M. a, Figure 7, represents one of the arms; b, the ear through
which the pin C passes for adjusting the arrester to the spiral cylinder S, by
means of the nuts d; d, the other end of the pin being attached by the bolt e
to the frame side A. f, the ear through which the pin g passes for adjusting
the same to the comb cylinder M, by means of the nuts h, h, the other end of
the pin being held by the set pin i. These are the only adjustments required
for the arrester, j. the flat part of the arrester (being a continuation of the
cast metal (Q), Figure 6, of the arrester already described) which lies upon
and is fastened to the end of the arm a by the bolt k. 1 represents the circular
end of one of the arms, which is bored out to fit accurately the outside of the
boss of the pedestal m, next the comb cylinder, and in which pedestal the axle
n of the comb cylinder revolves.
In referring to Figures 2, 3, and 7, it will be seen that the circular end of
the arm being concentric with the comb cylinder, and bored out to fit the boss

page_text: of its pedestal accurately, will in all positions préserve the arrester at the same
distance from the comb cylinder: Consequently, the arrester having been first
adjusted to its proper distance from the comb cylinder, nothing more is required
to adjust it with regard to the spiral cylinder S than to elevate or depress it
by the adjusting pins C, by means of the nuts d, d. S, Figure 1, represents
the spiral cylinder, made in the same way as those used for shearing the nap
of clotli, but with its projections much stronger, and brazed to the shaft of
the spiral cylinder to prevent them from vibrating. Its diameter is three and
a half inchies. The arrester is so set by the form of the arms to the surface of
the comb cylinder that that portion of the face at P, Figure 6, next the edge;
makes the nearest approach of any part of it to the comb cylinder, thus form-
ing a widening space behind or above that edge, between the cylinder and
arrester. Therefore it will be seen that the material under operation is drawn
through the narrowest space by the combs of the comb cylinder, by which
means the fibres are straightened out (without being subjected to beating in
this part of its progress through the machine, as in ordinary machines for the
ŝame purpose), and drawn from the burrs, motes, and other extraneous matters,
which are "arrested," along with a small portion of the material, by the
arrester, and removed by the spiral cylinder S from the edge of the arrester.
T, Figures 2, 3, and 6, represents the tooth and rib cylinder, fourteen inches
diameter, with three rows of teeth and one straight rib, put at equal distances
from each other in its periphery, and the teeth one inch apart from centre to
centre in its length. U, Figures 2, 3, and 6, represents the fan cylinder,
twelve inches diameter, having four ribs or wings extending its whole length,
and put at equal distances in its periphery. V, Figures 2 and 3, represents
the grate lying under the three last named cylinders S, T, and U. W is the
shoot for conducting the returned material on to the feeder cloth B. X,
Figures 2 and 3, represents the box made inside the machine, in which a por-
tion of the burrs, motes, and other extraneous matters is deposited. D; D, aro
the sides for limiting the breadth for feeding the material. Y is the levers,
and Z the weight for weighting the top feed roller E.
Having given a description of the machine, we now give directions for
setting and adjusting the arrester P, Q, spiral cylinder S, tooth and rib cylin-
der T, and fan cylinder U, as also how to set the ribbed cylinder I with the
beater cylinder F and cloth K. It should be observed that the edge of the
arrester P, Q, must be set parallel with the comb and spiral cylinders, and
almost in contact with them both. The tooth and rib cylinder T must be set
just to clear the spiral cylinder S, and the fan cylinder U must be set half an
an inch from the tooth and rib cylinder T. The ribbed cylinder I is to be set

page_text: three quarters of an inch from the cloth K, and two and a half inches from
the beater cylinder F. The remaining parts of the machine are to be set in
the usual way, as in machines in use for the same purpose.
The speeds of the principal working parts are given as follows, in revolutions
per minute:-First motion beater cylinder F, 430; fan cylinder V, 570;
tooth and rib cylinder T, 340; spiral cylinder S, 820; comb cylinder, M, .30;
strip brush R, 360; ribbed cylinder I, 190; roller brushes L and O, 82 each;
card roller N, 17.
:
We now describe the operation of the machine upon the, material in the
process of cleaning, and where the burrs, motes, and other extraneous matters
are disposed of in the several parts of the machine, and where the cleaned
material is deposited. The wool, cotton, or other fibrous material is laid on the
feeder cloth B by hand, in the usual way, and taken in by the fluted feed
rollers E, E, from which it is struck by the beater cylinder F (striking at the
same time a portion of the burrs, motes, and other extraneous matters through
the grate G, H), from whence it is carried by the ribbed cylinder I.on to the
cloth K (passing at the same time a portion of the burrs, motes, &c. through
the grate J), by which cloth it is carried to the roller brush L. The material
is then, taken from the cloth K by the roller brush L, working in contact with
the cloth K and the comb cylinder M, and given by the brush L'to the comb
cylinder M (during this latter process a portion-of the- burrs, motes, &c. being
passed on to the floor), by which it is carried up to the card roller N, by which
the material held in the comb cylinder M is straightened, and a small portion
taken therefrom, the card roller N being stripped by another roller brush O,
which works in contact with the card roller N and the comb cylinder M, and
gives the material so taken back again to the comb' cylinder M, which proceeds
until the material held in the combs comes in contact with the arrester P, Q;
by which the burrs, motes, and other extraneous matters are arrested, and also
a small portion of the material, the material held in the combs of the comb
cylinder being drawn through the narrow space between the arrester and comb
cylinder. The cleaned material proceeds in the combs until it comes in con-
tact with the four-winged strip brush R, by which it is stripped from the combs
and deposited on the floor at the end of the machine in a clean and well pre-
served state for working. The small portion of material, and the burrs, motes,
and other extraneous matters arrested by the arrester P, Q, are taken away
from the edge of the arrester P, Q, by the spiral cylinder S, which strikes or
throws a portion of the burrs, motes, &c. through that portion of the grate V
lying under the spiral cylinder S, and the small portion of uncleaned material
and the remainder of the burrs, motes, &c. over that portion of the grate V,

page_text: .
which uncleaned material is carried back by the tooth and rib cylinder T and
fan cylinder U, down the shoot W to the feeder cloth B, to be operated on
again, starting at the same time the remainder of the burrs, motes, &c. through
that portion of the grate V which lies under the two last-named cylinders,
into the box X inside the machine, and made for that purpose. The num-
bers, speeds, and dimensions of several parts of the machine, as given above,
being capable of being altered without affecting the essential parts of our
Inventions, we do not confine ourselves to the numbers, speeds, and dimensions
therein specified.
We do not claim as of our Invention any distinct instrument or any par-
ticular part of the machine above described, except in the way of arrangement,
combination, and application; neither do we claim to use or apply our Inven-
tion for any purpose, except for cleaning wool, cotton, and similar fibrous
substances, from burrs, motes, and other extraneous matter; but we do claim
as of our Invention,-
First, the combination, arrangement, and application of the ribbed cylinder
I, with the beater drum F, and the cloth K, for the purposes and in manner
herein-before mentioned or referred to.
Second, the peculiar arrangement, combination, and application of the
arrester (including its arms, ears, and pins) to the comb and spiral cylinders,
for the purposes and in manner herein set forth or referred to."
Third, the peculiar arrangement, combination, and application of the spiral
cylinder, the tooth and blade cylinder, and the fan cylinder, with the arrester;
for the purposes and in manner herein set forth or referred to.
And we wish further to add, that we do not confine our claim to the whole
of the arrangement, combination, and application comprised under the last-
mentioned three beads, or any of them, when taken or used together, but we
also claim the combination of any one part with any other part thereof.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Sykes and Adam Ogden, have
hereunto set our hands and seals the Ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty..
JOHN (L.s.) SYKES.
Signed, sealed, and delivered (being
first duly stamped) by the within-
named John Sykes and Adam Ogden,
ADAM (L.S.)
OGDEN.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Ninth day of November, in
the year of our Lord 1850, the aforesaid John Sykes and Adam Ogden
came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged
the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
5 specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid
was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.