IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PIPES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF SEWAGE OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Champney Bothams, of Salisbury, in the
County of Wilts, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PIPES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF SEWAGE OR OTHER
FLUIDS."
Sealed the 5th September 1871, and dated the 10th March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Champney
Bothams at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th March 1871..
I, JOHN CHAMPNEY BOTHAMS, of Salisbury, in the County of Wilts,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PIPES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF SEWAGE
OR OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
Socket pipes are generally made with the internal diameter of the
socket larger than the external diameter of the spigot end of the pipe,
so as to allow a space for the insertion of the materials with which the
pipes are joined one to another.

page_text: In laying or uniting socketted pipes, when the spigot end of one
pipe is placed in the socket of another pipe this space allows the spigot
end of the pipe to sink until it obtains a support on the lower inner
surface of the socket into which it is placed, thereby preventing the
pipes at their junction from being concentric.
My Invention relates to an improved construction of socketted pipes,
such as are employed for the conveyance of sewage or other fluids, and
is applicable to either earthenware or metal pipes, or to pipes made of
other piping material, and the Invention consists in adding to the pipes
in the lower part of the socket, and also on the outer side surface of the
spigot end of the pipes, at equidistant points, two or more pieces of the
same material that the pipes are made of, in size equal to about half
the depth of the socket in thickness from the side of the socket, and from'
the side of the pipe, a trifle more than half the width of space left for
the joint; the picces in the socket being flat, or nearly so, on the surface,
which is parallel to the length of the pipe, and the pieces which are on
the spigot end of the pipe being about half an inch wide on the surface
which is parallel to the length of the pipe, and sloped off on both sides
to meet the circumference of the pipe. The effect of the addition to
the pipes of these pieces being, that when pipes are placed one in
another, by causing one of the pipes (the pipe being placed) to revolve
on its axis in either direction until the projecting pieces on the spigot
end of the pipe come firmly in contact with the pieces in the socket, the
spigot end of the one pipe will become concentric with the socket of
the pipe into which it is placed, and will be supported in that position,
and the pipes will then be ready to be joined in the usual manner, so as
to prevent leakage.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Champney Bothams in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CHAMPNEY BOTHAMS, of Salisbury, in the County of Wilts, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
3
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of March, in the year of our 3

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-fourth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said John Champney Bothams, Her special licence
that I, the said John Champney Bothams, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Champney Bothams, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF PIPES FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF SEWAGE OR OTHER FLUIDS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that. I, the said John Champney
Bothams, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Champney Bothams, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement in writing, and on. reference being had to
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to say :—
Socket pipes are generally made with the internal diameter of the
socket larger than the external diameter of the spigot end of the pipe,
so as to allow a space for the insertion of the materials with which the
pipes are joined.
In laying or uniting socketted pipes so constructed, when the spigot
end of one pipe is placed in the socket of another pipe this space
compels the spigot end of the pipe to rest on the lower inner surface
of the socket into which it is placed, thereby preventing the pipes at
their junction from being concentric.
My Invention relates to an improved construction of socketted pipes,
such as are employed for the conveyance of sewage or other fluid
matters, and is applicable to either carthenware or metal pipes, or to
pipes made of other piping material, and the Invention consists. in
adding to the pipes in the inner part of the socket; and also on the
outer side surface of the spigot end of the pipes at equidistant points in

page_text: the circumference one, two, or more guide pieces of the same material
that the pipe is made of, in size equal to about half the depth of the
socket in thickness from the side of the socket and from the side of
the pipe, averaging a trifle more than half the width of space left for
the joint of the pipes. The guide pieces in the socket are flat, or
nearly so, on the surface, which is parallel to the length of the pipe,
and the guide pieces on the spigot end of the pipe are about half
an inch wide on the surface, which is also parallel to the length of
the pipe, and sloped off on both sides to meet the circumference of the
pipe. The guide pieces on the spigot end of the pipe may, if required,
be extended the whole length of the pipe; or these outer guides may be
formed by fluting the pipe externally and internally, either in the
direction of its length, or in a slightly spiral direction,, the flutings
being equidistant and in number the same as, or a multiple of, the
number of guide pieces in the socket. The effect of the addition to the
pipes of these pieces is that when the pipes are placed one in another
by causing one of the pipes to revolve on its axis in either direction
until the projecting guide pieces on the spigot end of the pipe come
firmly in contact with the pieces in the socket, the spigot end of the
one pipe will become concentric with the socket of the pipe into which
it is placed and will be supported in that position, and the pipes will
then be ready to be joined in the usual manner, so as to prevent leakage.
When the pipes are fluted internally by giving a slight spiral direction
to the flutings there will be a tendency for the sewage or other matters
flowing through the pipes to revolve and prevent the settlement of solid
matter.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 represents an
oblique elevation of the improvements as applied to a nine inch
socketted pipe, and Figures 2 and 3, end views of the spigot end d
of the pipe placed in the socket e of another.
a, a, represent the guide pieces in the socket, and 6, 61, (Figure 1,) the
guide pieces on the spigot end, which may be either short, as shown at b,
or lengthened, as dotted at 6', c; Figure 2 is a section through the spigot
end of the pipe, and Figure 3 represents the guide pieces f.f.f, on the
spigot end, as formed by fluting the interior and exterior of the pipe,
cither in the direction of the length or in a slightly spiral direction,
which latter has a tendency to prevent any solid matter being deposited
as the sewage or other matters are traversing the pipes.

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention
for "Improvements in the Construction of Pipes for the Conveyance of
Sewage or other Fluids," together with the manner in which the same
is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would
remark in conclusion that I claim as my Invention the new or improved
construction of socketted pipes for the purposes herein-before set forth,
substantially as herein described and as illustrated on 'the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, or any mere modification thereof, the principle of.
the Invention consisting in placing guide pieces in the socket and on
the spigot end of the pipes, so that when they are placed one within
another, and one of them partially revolved, the guide pieces in the
socket and on the spigot end of the pipe shall come in contact with and
rest firmly against each other, and so keep the pipes at their joints
concentric with one another.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Champney Bothams, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.