IMPROVE- MENTS IN CLOCKS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Meyer Drukker, of 47, London Wall, in the City
of London, Swiss Clock Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CLOCKS."
Sealed the 11th October 1860, and dated the 12th April 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Meyer Drukker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th April 1860.
I, MEYER DRUKKER, of 47, London Wall, in the City of London, Swiss
Clock Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to improvements in clocks, whereby I combine a
timekeeper, an alarum, and a calendar in one apparatus, which shows the
time of the day and the day of the month by a series of hands or indicators
working upon one centre. This I effect by hollow spindles of different
diameters, working one within the other upon the same centre, to which are
attached the wheels and pinions necessary for communicating the required
motion, whether that motion be produced by springs or by weights, or by any
other means, and which mechanism is familiar to every watch and clock-
maker. The improvement I claim being for the combination of the time-
keeper and alarum with the calendar, whereby the time of the day and the
day of the month are shown upon one dial-plate by hands or indicators.
working from one centre, such centre also carrying the alarum index.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Meyer Drukker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th October 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MEYER
DRUKKER, of 47, London Wall, in the City of London, Swiss Clock Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Meyer Drukker, Her special licence that I, the said Meyer
Drukker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Meyer Drukker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
nse, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CLOCKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Meyer
Drukker, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent."
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Meyer Drukker, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My Invention relates to a method in a perpetual calendar, which I com-
bine with clockwork by means of hollow spindles or tubes, which I make of
diameters working one within each other from one centre pivot, whereby I
indicate by means of necessary hands or indicators of a clock or timekeeper,
upon one clock face or clock dial, the minutes of the hour, the hour of the
day, and the day of the month in combination with an alarum.
My improvements are as follows:-It is familiar to every watch or
clockmaker that clocks or timekeepers are working on different wheels and
pinions, out of which one centre pinion or pivot is generally used for commu-
nicating the different wheels and indicators to distinguish the passage of time;
ou this pinion I make the hollow spindles or tubes of different diameters,

page_text: combined by necessary means to the different wheels in connection with the
movement of the clock or timekeeper. This hollow spindle or tube is also by
any convenient means in combination with the necessary indicators or hands
of a clock or timekeeper, and the index of the scale of an alarum. The face
or dial of a clock or timekeeper I make of three different circles, the one
circle I make to produce the minutes of the hour, the minutes may be divided
into seconds if necessary; another circle I produce the hour of the day, and
a third circle I produce the day of the month; this three or four different
times I indicate by means of the necessary hands or pointers of a clock or
timekeeper as aforesaid, combined with herein-before described hollow
spindles or tubes, and wheels in connection with the movement of a clock or
timekeeper, so that four different times are produced or indicated from one
centre pivot upon one dial plate, this aforesaid hands or pointers is one,
working round the dial plate every hour; another, together with the index of
an alaram, every twelve hours; and another once a month; this aforesaid
apparatus or improvement in the passage of time combined with a perpetual
calendar, I communicate the same effect in combining the different times
from one centre pivot, whether the actual motion of a clock or timekeeper
is forced by power of a spring or a weight, or any other means.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I may observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict
myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have had occasion to
describe, as variations may be made therefrom without deviating from the
principles or main features of my Invention; but what I consider to be new,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent, is, the general arrangements, of the parts or appa-
ratus by means of which time is indicated by the passage of a series of
hands passing over a dial plate, which is divided and marked, as before
described, for indicating the minutes of the hour, the hour of the day, the day
of the month, with an alarum, and may be known as a perpetual calendar.
In witness whereof, I, the said Meyer Drukker, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
MEYER DRUKKER. (L..s.)