Improvements in Hydraulic Driving Gear for Velocipedes, Motor Cars, and other Road Vehicles, and Machinery generally.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 4th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1899
Improvements in Hydraulic Driving Gear for Velocipedes, Motor Cars,
and other Road Vehicles, and Machinery generally.
I, HARREY MOORE, of 245, West Green Road, West Green, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
1
This invention relates to hydraulic gear for propelling velocipedes, motor
cars, and other road vehicles, and for driving machinery generally.
According to my invention I provide each working cylinder with an inner or
outer concentric cylindrical chamber fitted with a piston connected by links
and pivoted arms to the main piston in such a manner that when the main
or working piston moves out, the piston of the concentric subsidiary chamber
moves in, and vice versa. The subsidiary chamber communicates with the main
cylinder through suitable openings at the inner end so that the working liquid
can pass from one to the other. When the liquid is pumped into the working
cylinder it forces the working piston outwards and by reason of the connection
of the said piston with the subsidiary piston causes the latter to move inward thus
expelling the liquid from the subsidiary chamber and forcing it into the working
cylinder. On the return stroke of the working piston the subsidiary piston
moves out, and the liquid again enters the subsidiary chamber, the surplus
only being discharged by the exhaust. It is thus seen that the amount of
liquid to be pumped into the working cylinder at each stroke is equal to the
difference between the capacity of the working cylinder and that of the subsidiary
chamber. The links and arms connecting-the pistons may be arranged to cause
the subsidiary piston to have a longer or a shorter stroke than the main
piston.
Two, three or more working cylinders may be employed in the same machine,
their pistons being connected by suitable links and fevers to the crank which
is to be driven. The cylinders are single acting. By employing three cylinders,
dead centres are avoided and a smooth running machine is ensured.
I make the main pistons with deep corrugations on their working faces,
preferably arranged radially, and I provide similar corrugations on the end of
the cylinder so that one set of corrugations will fit more or less closely in the
other set of corrugations when the piston is at the inner end of its stroke.
Dated this 30th day of November 1898.
HARREY MOORE.
George Harrison,
35, Therapia Road, Honor Oak, London, S.E.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Hydraulic Driving Gear for Velocipedes, Motor Cars,
and other Road Vehicles, and Machinery generally.
HARREY MOORE, of 245, West Green Road, West Green, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to hydraulic motors for propelling velocipedes, motor
cars, and other road vehicles, and for driving machinery generally.
According to my invention I provide within each main cylinder a smaller
concentric cylinder fitted with a piston which is connected by links and pivotted
arms to the piston of the outer cylinder in such a manner that when the outer
piston moves out the inner piston moves in, and vice versa. The cylinders are
single acting, and the inner cylinder communicates with the outer cylinder
through suitable openings so that the working fluid can pass from one to the
other. The inlet and outlet ports communicate with the outer cylinder. On
the return stroke of the outer piston, some of the liquid, equal in volume to
the capacity of the inner cylinder, passes into the inner cylinder, while the
remainder only is discharged, the liquid entering the inner cylinder being
returned to the outer cylinder during the return stroke of the inner piston.
I prefer to employ three main cylinders, with their concentric inner cylinders,
symmetrically arranged round the crank shaft, to avoid dead centres and to
ensure smooth running.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention, Fig. 1
is a central longitudinal section through one of the cylinders of the motor;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, looking from the right of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 illustrates, in side elevation, two rings hereinafter described.
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several figures.
The outer cylinder 5 is fitted with an annular piston 6, and the inner cylinder 7
with a piston 8. The two pistons are connected together by links 9, levers 10,
and links 11, the links 9 having pin connections with the piston 6 and with
the outer ends of the levers 10, and the links 11 having similar connections with
the piston 8 and with the inner ends of the levers 10. The levers 10 are pivotted
at 12 to the cylinder or frame. By this construction when one piston moves in,
the other moves out. The working fluid enters the cylinder 5 through the
passage and drives the piston 6 outward. On the return stroke of the piston 6
some of the liquid, equal in volume to that swept out by the piston
into the cylinder 7 through the openings 13, and the remainder of the liquid
is discharged through the outlet passage u. During the next outstroke of the
outer piston the liquid from the inner cylinder passes back through the open-
ings 13 into the outer cylinder. It will thus be seen that the volume of liquid
used during each revolution of the crank is equal to the difference in capacities
of the inner and outer cylinders.
passes
The piston 6 is connected to the cranks 4, 4 by links 14, 14, levers 15, 15
and connecting rods 16, 16. Each lever 15 is hinged at one end to the frame d
of the motor, and at the other end has a pin connection with the corresponding
connecting rod 16, and is coupled midway of its length to the corresponding
link 14 so that the stroke of the piston 6 is only half the throw of the cranks.
The illustration shows two cranks, but I may use a single crank having a
connecting rod coupled to the centre of a cross rod which connects the free
ends of the levers 15.

page_text: The outer cylinder 5 and the working face of the annular piston 6 are shown
furnished respectively with rings 17, 18 having corrugations or teeth-like pro-
jections upon their adjacent faces, as indicated in Fig. 3. When the piston G
is at the inner end of its stroke the teeth of the ring 17 fit closely between those
of the ring 18. The inner cylinder may be similarly furnished with corrugated
attachments, or the corrugations may be formed integrally with the piston and
cylinder ends.
The inlet and outlet ports for the working fluid are shewn entering the side
of the cylinder. I prefer however, to make them enter the cylinder end so that
the cup leather of the piston 6 may travel to the end of the cylinder without
closing the port openings.
In the preferred construction of motor, three such cylinders as above described
are arranged symmetrically round the crank shaft b.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a hydraulic motor, a pair of concentric cylinders having their pistons
connected by links and pivotted levers, and having the outer piston connected
to the crank by side links, and levers pivotted to the frame of the motor,
substantially as described.
2. In a hydraulic motor a pair of concentric cylinders having their pistons
connected by links and pivotted levers, and constructed with ports and passages,
all substantially as described.
3. The corrugated or teeth like projections formed on or attached to the piston
and cylinder end, substantially as described.
4. A hydraulic motor constructed substantially as described with reference
to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of September 1890