Improvements in Machinery for Waving or Crimping Hair and other Fibrous Material.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Aug, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 11th May, 1900-Accepted, 16th June, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Waving or Crimping Hair and other
Fibrous Material.
I, WILLIAM BROADLEY LEE, of Providence Iron Works, Thornton Road, Brad-
ford, in the County of York, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the machine for which Letters
Patent were granted to James Jowett, on the 16th July 1874 numbered 2487
and other machinery for waving or crimping hair and fibrous material in which
the material is wound or wrapped alternately round two cords or cores prepara-
tory to steaming and drying or otherwise treating it and the cores are subse-
quently withdrawn leaving the material in a waved or crimpled form.
For this purpose I employ two truncated cones mounted with their apices in
the same plane in conical bearings with their adjacent sides touching each other.
To confine the cones longitudinally one of them is made with end flanges or
collars to engage the ends of the bearings, and an annular groove or recess to
engage a collar or projection on the other cone. The cones are geared together
by suitably formed wheels one of which is driven in any convenient way. A
hollow spindle is employed to convey the hair or material between the cones
to the point where it is wound round the cores. This spindle is slightly taper
and is mounted in suitably formed grooves in the cones and passes round with
each cone alternately and is transferred from one cone to the other in a some-
what similar manner to that described in the specification of the above cited
Letters Patent. To prevent the spindle interfering with the fit of the cones
in their bearings the said annular groove and collar therein and thereon are
made the full diameter of the spindle in depth and thickness, and the collar is
made sufficiently wide to form a bearing for its cone. The teeth of the wheels
connecting the cones are cut away to allow the spindle to pass.
A creel holder for carrying a creel of cord or core is mounted upon the base
of each cone in such a manner that the cone is free to revolve without turning
the creel holder and the latter is held stationary by two detents mounted in
fixed radial guides and pressed into rotches in the cones by springs. Inclines
are provided on the detents adapted to be engaged by the spindle and force the
detents outwards to allow the spindle to pass. The cores pass through the cones
and are carried forward to the end of the spindle by axial tubular projections
on the cones.
Other means for preventing the creels rotating may be employed.
Instead of mounting the creels on the back of the cones they may be placed
in front of them.
In
Two hollow spindles each fed with hair may be mounted in the cones.
this case suitable provision may be made to prevent the two strands of hair from
being twisted together or wound round each other.
Dated this 10th day of August 1899.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Waving or Crimping Hair and other
Fibrous Material.
I, WILLIAM BROADLEY LEE, of Providence Iron Works, Thornton Road, Brad-
ford, in the County of York, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the machine for which Letters
Patent were granted to James Jowett, on the 16th July 1874 numbered 2487
and other machinery for waving or crimping hair and fibrous material in which
the material is wound or wrapped alternately round two cords or cores prepara-
tory to steaming drying or otherwise treating it and the cores are subsequently
withdrawn leaving the material in a waved or crimpled form.
To fully describe my invention reference is made to the accompanying sheet
of drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar figures of
reference indicate corresponding parts in each of the views.
To
Figure 1, is a sectional plan of my improved machine.
Figure 2, is a cross section and Figure 3, is a back view of the same.
facilitate drawing the two latter figures they are shown with the axes of the
cones parallel to each other although as a matter of fact the axes of the cones
are at an angle to each other as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 4, is a longitudinal section of the hollow spindle for the hair.
Figure 5, is a side view of one of the cones and Figure 6, is a similar view
of the other.
For this purpose I employ two truncated cones 2 and 3 mounted with their
axes in the same plane in conical bearings 4 and 5 formed in the pedestal 6
and cap 7. The bed 8 (Figure 1) is shown broken away but in practice it is
extended to the right and carries a reel on which the hair to be crimped is
wound. To confine the cones longitudinally the cone 2 is made with end flanges 9
to engage the ends of the bearings 4 and an annular groove or recess 10 to
engage the collars 11 on the cone 3. The cones are geared together by the
bevel wheels 12 and 13 and the wheel 12 is driven by the bevel wheel 14 on
the driving shaft 16. A hollow spindle 15 is employed to convey the hair or
material between the cones from the said reel to the point where it is wound
round the two cones alternately. This spindle is slightly taper and is mounted
in grooves 17 and 18 formed in the peripheries of the cones and passes round
with each cone alternately. The spindle is transferred from one cone to the
other by the switch piece 20 and 21 in a similar manner to that described in the
Specification of the above cited Letters Patent. The lower switch piece 20 is
pivoted at 22 and is directly moved by the spindle 15 within the limits allowed
by screws 24 and 25 into position to guide the spindle from one cone to the
other each time the spindle passes it. The upper switch is pivoted at 23 and
is actuated by its arms 26 which are alternately engaged by the spindle 15 as
it passes them.
A spring detent 27 engages.the taper projection on the top of 21
and retains it in position after each movement. The arrows in Figure 2 indi-
cate the direction of the rotation of the cones and the path of the spindle 15.
To prevent the spindle interfering with the fit of the cones in their bearings
the groove 10 and collars 11 are made the full diameter of the spindle in thick-
ness and the cone 3 revolves on the peripheries of the collars 11. The teeth of

page_text: the wheels 12, 13 and 14 are each cut sufficiently away at one point to allow
the spindle 15 to pass as shown at 28 Figure 3.
A creel holder 30 for carrying a creel 31 of core cord 32 is mounted on the
base of each cone in any convenient way so that the cone is free to revolve
without turning the creel holder and thus avoid twisting the core cords. To
hold the creel holders stationary whilst the cones revolve two spring detents 35
are employed for each holder 30 mounted in fixed radial guides 36 and pressed
into notches 37 in the holders by springs 38. One of the guides 36 is shown
in section Figure 3. Inclines 40 are provided on the detents adapted to be
engaged by the spindle 15 each time it reaches them and force the detents out-
wards to allow the spindle to pass. Two detents are provided for each core
carrier so that it is held by one whilst the spindle is passing the other. The
core cords pass through the cones and are carried forward to the end of the
spindle by the axial tubular projection 50.
To regulate the tension of the hair passing out of the spindle 15 the tension
piece 52 is pivoted to such spindle by the pin 53 and has a projection 54 pro-
jecting through a hole in the spindle to bear upon the strand of hair passing
through the spindle. An india rubber ring 60 is passed round the spindle and
tension piece to press the piece 52 inwards. To regulate the pressure the ring 60
is moved away from or towards the pin 53.
The hair is wound on the cores in the manner described in the above cited
specification and when wound passes through a pair of delivery rollers 70 to be
dealt with in any convenient way. The delivery rollers may be driven by a
spur wheel 71 mounted on one of their shafts engaging a stud wheel 72 to
which the skew gear wheel 73 is secured. The wheel 73 is driven by the stud
skew wheel 74 which is driven by a worm on the driving shaft 16. The wheels 73
and 74 are made with skew teeth to allow the driving worm to properly gear
in with the wheel 74.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a hair waving or crimping machine, cones having interlocking or over-
lapping collars large enough in diameter to form their journals as well as the
bearings for the spindle, substantially as herein shown and described.
2. The combination with the cones 2 and 3 and the spindle 15 of bevel driving
wheels having their teeth cut away to allow the spindle to pass, substantially as
herein shown and described.
3. The combination with the cones 2 and 3 of creel holders mounted thereon
and means adapted to prevent such holders from rotating with the cones but
leaving the spindle free to pass.
Dated this 9th day of May 1900
.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Patent Agents, Bradford.