Year: 1888

page_text: THOMAS JOHN DISTURNAL of Wolverhampton Road Walsall in the County of Stafford
Miller and Baker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed,, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My improvements relate to the constructions of that kind of apparatus for heating
drying and similar purposes by means of wrought iron tubes partially filled with
water or other suitable material and sealed at each end and for which Letters Patent
number 636 were obtained by Loftus Perkins on the seventh day of March One
thousand eight hundred and sixty five.
In the following description of my invention in order that the same may be bettor
understood, reference is given to the accompanying drawings of a steam oven heated
with Perkins Patent Tubes and shewing my improved mode of construction and the
four first figures of which are as follows
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a steam oven.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the firing end of the oven.
Figure 3 is a plan of the oven shewing the internal arrangements.
Figure 4 is a cross section of the oven.
Part of my improvement consists in building in at a convenient height a casting (A)
shewn in section in Figure 1. and in elevation in Figure 2. and which casting may
be cast in two or more pieces and bolted or otherwise conveniently fastened together.
In this casting there are the apertures which are covered respectively by the fire
doors (B) the flap lids (C) and the flues (D). The fire doors (B) may be more con-
venienty but not necessarily hung by hinges at the top and opened and shut by a
chain running over pulleys (E) as shewn in Figure 2. The flues (D) I make of cast
iron or other suitable material and each of them may be made in one or more pieces
and bolted or otherwise fastened together. I bolt or otherwise fix these flues (D) to
the casting (A) and connect them with the chimney (F) in the manner shewn in

page_text: F
Figures 1 and 2. The bottom row of heating, tubes (G) rest upon the casting (A)
throughout the whole length of the furnace as shewn in Figures 1 and 3; and the
casting (A) is notched or grooved for a certain distance across it for the purpose of
receiving the ends of the bottom row of tubes (G); and 1 so arrange the tubes (G)
and the casting (A) that the tubes fit in it in such a manner that their tops are level
with the top of the casting (A). Upon the casting (A) I build the brickwork
pillars (H) as shewn in Figure 3. The bottom heating tubes (G) also serve the purpose
of fire bars within the fire space (J). The top row of heating tubes (K) goes through
the fire space (J) and the ends thereof are built in the brickwork as shown in Figure 1.
In each of the flues (D) I insert a damper (L) for the purpose of regulating the
draught; and in the flue (M) I insert a damper (N) the handle for opening and
shutting the same coming between the two centre flues (D) in the manner shown in
Figure 2. The apertures in the casting (A) covered with the flap doors (C) extend
the whole length of the fire place being divided however by the partitions (S) so that
access is given through the passages (0) to the ash place (R) on the under side of
the bottom row of heating tubes the whole length of the furnace.
It will be seen that by reason of the two communications between the fire space (J)
and the chimney (F) namely through the passages (0) and the flues (D) and through
the flue (M), that by opening all the dampers (L) and closing (N) or by opening the
damper (N) and closing all the dampers (1) the draught may be made to pass either
downward through the bottom row of heating tubes (G) or upward through the top
row of heating tubes (K) at the will of the operator. I make a passage into the
flue (M) covered by the sliding doors (P) as shown in Figures 1 and 2 for the
purpose of admitting air into the fire space (J) when the draught is required in
the downward direction through the bottom row of tubes (G); and when the draught
is required in the 'upward direction through the top row of tubes (K) the sliding
doors (P) are closed and the air is admitted to the fire space (J) through the
passages (0) by opening the flap doors (C). By this arrangement the operator can
use, as hereinbefore mentioned either an upward or a downward draught and so have
the heat of the top and bottom rows of tubes respectively under perfect control.
Figure 5 is a plan of the passages (0) and ash place (R).
The passages (0) are separated from each other by the partitions (S) which form
part of the casting (A) and such partitions extend from the lids (C) back to the ash
place (R) as shewn in figure 5. Against each of the partitions (S) I place a
slide (T) reaching from the top to the bottom of the passages (0); and 1 so arrange
these slides that when they are pushed in as shewn in Figure 5 the ash place (R) is
divided into four parts each of which is equal to each of the passages (0); and when
the slides are drawn the ash place (R) runs the whole length of the fire space (J)
without any division. By using these slides in combination with the dampers (L) and
the flap lids (C), it will be seen that the operator can stop the draught from passing
either upward or downward through any of the divisions of the ash place (R) while
it is passing through the other divisions; and by working these slides in conjunction
with the upward and downward draughts aforesaid he is enabled to get an upward
draught through one part of the furnace and a downward draught in another as the
state of the fire in the furnace and the heat of the top and bottom rows of tubes
respectively may require.
✓ ✓ The castings marked (X) in Figures 1 and 3 are angle castings which are ramusly
able for purpose getting access
been possible.
previously
The two of these castings in each firing doorway may be conveniently held
together by a latch as shewn in Figure 3 and kept in position by the weight of
the fire on the one side and by projections in the casting (A) as shewn in Figures 1
and 3 on the other.
'
Although I have only described in the foregoing the manner of applying my
improvements to the heating of an oven yet it will be quite evident that the same
means may be employed with slight modifications for the drying of clothes and other
articles or for other purposes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to any exact dimensions or to the details herein described
or shewn on the accompanying drawings but I declare that what I claim is
1. Such an arrangement of the parts as hereinbefore described that the draught
through the furnace can be made to pass in a downward direction through the bottom
row of heating tubes (G).
2. A combination of the parts as hereinbefore described so that the draught through
the furnace may be made to pass either in an upward or downward direction
thereby obtaining complete control of the heat of the top and bottom rows of tubes
respectively.
3. The introduction and arrangement of the slides (T) in conjunction with the
other parts as hereinbefore described so that the draught may be prevented from
passing through any part of the bottom row of heating tubes, thereby enabling the
operator to obtain a greater heat in one part of the oven than another.
4. The combination of the slides (T) with the parts necessary to produce either
the upward or downward draught in the manner hereinbefore mentioned thereby
enabling the operator to obtain an upward draught through any part of the furnace
and a downward draught in another.
5. The introduction of the movable castings (X) and the combination and arrange-
ment thereof with the other parts of the furnace and firing doorways in the manner
herein before described thereby giving better access to every part of the fireplace
from the outside than has previously been obtainable.