IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAND, EMERY, AND GLASS PAPERS AND CLOTHS, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gilbert Daniel Jones, of Pentonville, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SAND, EMERY, AND GLASS PAPERS AND CLOTHS, AND IN THE
MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN."
T
Sealed the 3rd August 1860, and dated the 26th May 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gilbert Daniel Jones
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th May 1860.
I, GILBERT DANIEL JONES, of Pentonville, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAND, EMERY, AND GLASS PAPERS AND CLOTHS, AND
IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in the method of employing two rollers for the
purpose of applying glue to the surface of paper or cloth upon which sand,
emery, or glass is to be deposited; one of these rollers conveying the glue
directly from a reservoir to the paper or cloth, and the other flattening or
smoothing the glue thus applied, so as to efface the marks of the fabric of
which the surface of the first roller is composed. I prefer to place a doctor
between the glue in the reservoir and the point at which the glue is applied to
the paper or cloth, and to drive the flattening or smoothing roller by means of
an intermediate roller in contact with the main roller.

page_text: My Invention consists, secondly, in the method of heating the drum round
which the paper passes during and after the glueing, by means of steam
applied internally, for the purpose of keeping the glue in a fit state to receive
the sand, emery, or glass.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in the method of throwing the sand, emery,
or glass down upon, or horizontally against, the glued surface of the paper or
cloth by means of centrifugal or other force, for the purpose of causing the
sand, emery, or glass, to adhere effectually to the glued surface.
My Invention consists, fourthly, in the method of employing a fixed drum
for conveying the paper or cloth round, in order to dry it, after the sand,
emery, or glass has been applied, rollers being placed at different points
around the drum in order to guide the paper or cloth and facilitate its passage
round as much as may be desirable.
My Invention consists, fifthly, in the manufacture and employment of
machinery for manufacturing sand, emery, and glass papers and cloths, such
machinery comprising an arrangement of glueing rollers, a steam-beated drum,
a centrifugal apparatus, and a fixed drum furnished with rollers for accom-
plishing the several purposes before described, and in the manner described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Daniel Jones in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GILBERT
DANIEL JONES, of Pentonville, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Gilbert Daniel Jones, Her special licence that I, the said Gilbert Daniel
Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Daniel Jones, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAND, EMERY, AND GLASS PAPERS AND

page_text: CLOTHS, AND IN THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Gilbert Daniel Jones, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Gilbert Daniel Jones, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the ful-
lowing statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
My Invention consists, first, in the method of employing two rollers for the
purpose of applying glue to the surface of paper or cloth upon which sand,
emery, or glass is to be deposited; one of these rollers conveying the glue
directly from a reservoir to the paper or cloth, and the other flattening or
smoothing the glue thus applied, so as to efface the marks of the fabric of
which the surface of the first roller is composed. I prefer to place a doctor
between the glue in the reservoir, and the point at which the glue is applied
to the paper or cloth, and to drive the flattening or smoothing roller by means
of an intermediate roller in contact with the main roller.
My Invention consists, secondly, in the method of heating the drum round
which the paper passes during and after the glueing, by means of steam applied
internally, for the purpose of keeping the glue in a fit state to receive the sand,
emery, or glass.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in the method of throwing the sand, emery,
or glass down upon, or horizontally against, the glued surface of the paper or
cloth, by means of centrifugal or other force, for the purpose of causing the
said emery or glass to adhere effectually to the glued surface.
My Invention consists, fourthly, in the method of employing a fixed drum
for conveying the paper or cloth round in order to dry it after the sand, emery,
or glass, has been applied, rollers being placed at different points around the
drum, in order to guide the paper or cloth, and facilitate its passage round
as much as may be desirable.
My Invention consists, fifthly, in the manufacture and employment of
machinery for manufacturing sand, emery, and glass papers and cloths, such
machinery comprising an arrangement of glueing rollers, a steam-heated drum,
a centrifugal apparatus, and a fixed drum, furnished with rollers for accom-
plishing the several purposes before described, and in the manner described.

page_text: Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a view of one side of a machine
shewing the manner in which I carry my Invention into effect.
Figure 2 is a view of the contrary side of the machine, also showing the
manner in which I communicate motion to the various parts.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the machine. The same letters refer
to like parts in all the Figures.
A is a hollow drum fixed to a bed plate B. a is a trough containing glue,
it extends across the drum, and is supported on a frame b, which is itself con-
nected to the bed B, through uprights c, c, one on each side of the machine ;
d, d, are bell-crank levers, one on each side, having their fulcrum at e; the
short arms of these levers carry the axis of the roller f, which revolves in the
glue trough a; they also carry the axis of the roller g, and arms projecting
from the ends of the short arms of these levers carry the axis of the flattening
or smoothing roller h. The long arms of the levers d are weighted. The
rollers h, g, and f, have frictional contact with one another, and all being
supported from the same point e, have their position simultaneously regulated
by the weights on the long arms of the bell-crank levers; j is a main or central
roller mounted on a shaft carrying a pulley k, to which rotary motion is com-
municated by hand, steam, or other power; l is a roller carrying fans or
blades,, fixed on a shaft which carries a pulley m, this roller revolves in a
trough n, provided with a shield n', and containing sand, emery, glass, or other
gritty material. A band passes round the pulley m to a two-grooved pulley o,
round the smaller groove of which a strap p passes to the pulley k; q, q, and q',
are guide rollers; r is a compartment round the drum, in which hot air may
be made to circulate; s is an inner compartment for the circulation of steam
or hot air; q, q, q", are guide rollers in the compartment r; t is a guide and
pressure roller outside the drum, it is mounted on a spindle, one end of which
carries a pulley, round which a strap or cord passes to the pulley k; vis a
roller caused to revolve by frictional contact with the roller u; w, w, are paper
rolls mounted on spindles, which revolve in brackets fixed inside the drum.
The speed at which these rolls revolve is regulated by weights passing round
pulleys fixed on the axis which carry the rolls w, w; x is a pipe and hopper
for leading the sand, emery, or glass, to the trough n, although not shown, I
sometimes place a doctor in the glue tray.
The action of the machinery is as follows:-On motion being communicated
through the pulley k, the paper or cloth is led from one of the rolls w, w,
beneath the tray a, and the two guide rollers q, q, it then passes between the
roller and the roller j, at which point it receives a coating of glue, the roller k
smooths this coating as the paper or cloth passes between it and the roller j;

page_text: the paper then passes round the roller j, and between it and the trough n,
where the roller is revolving with its blades at a great speed; the blades
throw a portion of the contents of the trough n, on the paper as it passes, and
the glue on its surface causes the sand, emery, glass, or other gritty material
contained in the trough to adhere to it. The paper or cloth next passes down
beneath the guide roller q', and is led through the compartment r, round the
guide rollers therein, out of the compartment, then under the guide roller q³,
and the guide and pressure rollers t and v, to a winding roller or machine for
cutting it into suitable sizes. The effect of the hot air and steam in the com-
partments r and s, is to dry the glue. Steam is led to the compartments by
a pipe, which pipe, or another, is made to pass through the trough a, and keep
the glue in a hot state.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the employment of two rollers for applying glue to the surface of
paper or cloth, the said rollers being placed and operating substantially in the
manner herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, heating the drum round which the paper or cloth passes by steam
and hot air, or either, substantially in manner and for the purposes herein-
before described.
Third, the method of throwing sand, emery, or glass, down upon paper or
cloth, herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth, the employment of a hollow fixed drum through a compartment, in
which the paper or cloth is led, for the purpose of being dried, as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Fifth, the general arrangement, combination of parts, and method of action
of machinery for the manufacture of sand, emery, and glass papers and cloths,
shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I the said Gilbert Daniel Jones, hath hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of August, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty.