AN ENGINE FOR RAISING WATER, WHICH IS ENTIRELY NEW, AND OF A CONSTRUCTION VERY DIFFERENT FROM ANY THING HITHERTO USED FOR THE LIKE PURPOSE, AND PERFORMS THE OPERATION IN A MORE PERFECT AND EXPEDITIOUS MANNER THAN ANY OTHER ENGINE HITHERTO USED, AND AT A MUCH LESS EXPENCE OF HANDS TO ATTEND IT
Year: 1763

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
ERSKINE, of the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the third year
of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Robert Erskine, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, IIis especial licence, full power, sole
priviledge and authority, that I, the said Robert Erskine, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in His Majesty's Plantations
and Colonies abroad, my Invention of "AN ENGINE FOR RAISING WATER,
WHICH IS ENTIRELY NEW, AND OF A CONSTRUCTION VERY DIFFERENT FROM ANY THING
HITHERTO USED FOR THE LIKE PURPOSE, AND PERFORMS THE OPERATION IN A MORE
PERFECT AND EXPEDITIOUS MANNER THAN ANY OTHER ENGINE HITHERTO USED,
AND AT A MUCH LESS EXPENCE OF HANDS TO ATTEND IT;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Robert Erskine,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, to cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's Iligh Court of
Chancery within four calendar months next after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Erskine, do hereby declare that my said Invention of an Engine for
Raising Water, is particularly described in the plans thereof hereunto
annexed.
In witness whercof, I, the said Robert Erskine, have hereunto sett my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of January, in the fourth year
of the reign of His said Majesty King George the Third, and in the
year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and sixty-four.
JACOD
DANNISTER.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-sixth day of
January, in the year last above mentioned, the aforesaid Robert Erskine
came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification and plans annexed, and all and every thing therein contained
and specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was
stampt according to the tenor of the Statute made in the sixth year of the
reign of the late King and Queen
so forth.
William and Mary of England, and
Inrolled the said Twenty-sixth day of January, in the year last mentioned.

page_text: or
on an Axis
e pressure of
To Explain the principles. on which the operation of this Machine depends Suppose (vide margin) the tube B,A,C, the part Beracal and the part A, C, Horizontal, suspended
AB, and open at B&C and the aperture Cless than the perture B, let this tube be filled with water and the aperture C stopid bra Valve bring on it and opening outwards, and let the
end B be immersed in Water DD, it is evident the while Tube will remain fill, if AB is equal or less than the height to which the atmosphere will sustain a Column of Water which
is about 32 feet, if then the Tube is then put in motion round its axis A.B the water in the part A.C will acquire a Centrifugal force, which if sufficiently increased will overcome the
of the air against C, consequently the water in the port AC will flow out, and as the Air cannot enter against a stream which has beads overcome its pressure, the pressure of the air on the external.
water DD must necessarily cause it flow up the Tube AB to supply the place of what t goes off at C. Hence it appears the principles of the fachine are these. The taking off the pressure of the dir from a vertical
oblique Column of Water by Centrifugal force the water itself eating the part of a pisten, from, these principles the following Corollaries in order to cilitate the Construction of the machine property may be deduced lif
AC is short in proportion to AB the quicker the motion musobe and vice versa - 11.The apeture C must be equal or rather less than the perture B, else the water will fly off faster than it can rise, and
so the airget in and the operation stop. IIIII instead of one apere the Machine is made with Two Three or more apertures, he sum of them almust be less than that at which the Water comes in.-V. The pro-
portion of the Aperture at which the water comes in to the aperture or apertures at which the water goes off, is various according to the velocity of the Machine and the height to be raised -
which however are easily found by experiment and may be judged from the following Description with a draught annexed of the mat perfect Model hitherto made in which the reasons for the par-
ticular form of the different
tparts are
given - This Model is made of Tin the length of the Tube is 5 Feet its diameter from where it join to the head to the bulge at the bottom is 2½ inches the bulge is
5 inches wide and 6inches long, the remaining part of the be below the bulge is 3 inches wide and 3 inches long, from the Center of the head to the extremity of the spout is 15 inches, its thickness?½
inches and the mouth of the spout is one inch Diameter and is shut close by a Valve opening outwards and kept shut by a weak spring presented in the plan of the head on the left hand of the
Drawing) that when the machine stops or is tumed too slowly the Valve may shut and prevent the Air getting in which keeps the machine drays hill of water and ready at any time to work, there is a hole
at which the machine is filled about 6 inches from the Center which is sloped up by a plugg and a strong spring or bolt to keep it down. We whole machine is suspended on an axis of Fron which, goes
thro' it from top to bottom, the extremities of which are pivo inch Diameter on which it moves and which is the only friction to be overene when the machine is turned by the wheel and pinion.
represented in the Draught one revolution of the wheel makes three of the pinion, the Center of gravity of the whole machine is kept in its axw; by two counterpoises of lead which are represented both in
the plan of the top and the perspective and screw further in or nearer the Center as occasion requires-One of the sides and part of the bottom of the upper part of the frame is represented in the Draw
ing as cub off, to show the appearance of the head and Courerpoises the use of the top of the frame is to confine the water which comes out all round in a continual stream, and let it run out at a spout
at the side of the frame, at the lower part of the machine is contrivance to stop the bottom when the Machine is filled with water it consists of a Cap joined to the end of a lever and moves freely up &
down the axis passing thro'it and the bottom pivot running in a socket under it there is a circle of thick leather round the bottom of the Tube over which the Cap fits so that the pressure of the water
the greater it is only presses the leather closer to the Cap and not get out, the water is prevented running thro' the center of the Cap by a shoulder on the aicis paralel to the bottom of the lube as represented in
the section of the bulge on the right hand of the drawing, the section shows the use of the Bulge which is to hold an fron barr thro' which the axis passes and prevents the Machine from shaking which it other
wise would do on account of its length, this barr of Iron is made like the sails of a wind mill, that as it goes round with the machine & may rather assist the water in rising then retard it. The bulge
was made because it was found any thing across the tube before was inlarged cut the water and prevented its rising sufficiently to supply the place of what went off at top. Remarks. The top of the machine
is shaped as represented that the weight being chailly at a distance from the center, it may be of the nature of a fly and consequently tury, easily the spout thro which the water
as
er goes out is carved that the
water going out may not retard the motion of the machine repower applied to turn themachine is as various almost as the different uses to which it may be applied therefore the particular mode & situation of
the power has no respect to the Machine itself and may act at re the Machine or in any other part as suits best the conveniency of working & according to the rise to which it is applied. The Top of the machine
may be made in overal different firms equally adventagious and if this model had been made with three heads similar to the one it now has and the sum of the three apertures equal to an inch it would
have saved the trouble of counterpoises, the bottom may
likeme be stopt in several different manners and instead of stoping it at all of the bottom, the machine may be filled at top by
pump Water may be raised to any height by placing one michine above another, on the same or different axis's and turned by the same or different powers likewise a part or the whole of the water the
machine raises may be very usefully applied in turning the Machine itself, if it is not altogether suffunt for that purpose. The Machine may be made of Coper Brass Iron or Wood, but Copper is rech
oned most 6 proper. The del above described throws out eight; gallons of water in a minute with h great ease from which the Quantity from a Bore of any other Size may be calculated.
drawing is colored
means of an air
Drawn on Stone