Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Apr., 1886
Complete Left, 19th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1887.
We THOMAS WATERS WAILES of Jesmond House Richmond Road Cardiff and
MALCOLM FRASER of 66, Loudoun Square Bute Docks Cardiff both in the County
of Glamorgan, South Wales, Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to he as follows:-
The invention has for its object a novel construction of vertical steam boiler wherehi
we obtain a large and efficient heating surface, rapid circulation, ready inspection of
the boiler whilst working and accessibility to the principal parts of the same for
inspection, cleaning or repairs.
For this purpose we construct the shell of the boiler of a generally cylindrical shape
and with a dome shaped or convex crown.
In the lower part of the boiler we form a conical fire box which is connected at its
lower part with the shell of the boiler and is of such a size as to leave an annular
water space between the said fire box and the boiler shell. The crown of the fire box
is dome shaped or of convex form and it is by a short flue or tube connected with a
wet combustion chamber which is fitted with vertical, horizontal or inclined water
tubes passing through the same. This combustion chamber according to one
arrangement is in the form of a horizontal cylinder provided at one end with a tube
plate, and at the other with a dome shaped or convex end which latter may at its
centre be connected to the boiler shell by a short tube through which the interior of
the combustion chamber and the tube plate can be seen while the boiler is at work.
The aforesaid tube plate has fixed therein one end of smoke tubes which at their
other end are connected to a tube plate carried by a short horizontal cylinder fixed to
the boiler shell and forming a water space around the tubes; the said tubes open into
a flue space from which the products of combustion pass away to the main flue.
The combustion chamber is at its upper part connected by stays with the crown of
the boiler.
The combustion chamber may also be formed of a section of a vertical cylinder
having a tube plate fixed on the incomplete side of the said cylinder in which case

page_text: the top and bottom of the said combustion chamber are formed of dome shaped or
convex plates.
The combustion chamber whether formed of a horizontal or vertical cylinder is in
some cases formed with a tube plate on two opposite sides thereof, the said tube plates
receiving one end of smoke tubes which at their other ends are fixed in tube plates
carried by cylindrical projections from the boiler shell and open into flue spaces from
which the products of combustion are conveyed into the main flue. The combustion
chamber is also in this case at the back between the tube plates connected to the shell
of the boiler by a short tube through which the interior of the combustion chamber
can be viewed.
The flue spaces at the ends of the smoke tubes are provided with doors through
which access to tubes can be had in all the arrangements.
If desired the tube plates and smoke tubes connecting the combustion chamber with
the smoke spaces may be dispensed with in which case the chimney may be connected
either with the top or side of the combustion chamber. Man holes are provided in
the shell of the boiler where necessary.

page_text: We, THOMAS WATERS WAILES and MALCOLM FRASER both of Cardiff in the
County of Glamorgan, South Wales, Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The Invention has for its object a novel construction of vertical steam boiler
whereby we obtain a large and efficient heating surface, rapid circulation, ready
inspection of the boiler whilst working and accessibility to the principal parts of the
same for inspection, cleaning or repairs.
For this purpose we construct the shell of the boiler of a generally cylindrical shape
and with a dome shaped or convex crown.
In the lower part of the boiler we form a conical fire box which is connected at its
lower part with the shell of the boiler and is of such a size as to leave an annular
water space between the said fire box and the boiler shell. The crown of the fire box
is dome shaped or of convex form and it is by a short flue or tube connected with a
wei combustion chamber which is fitted with vertical horizontal or inclined water tubes
passing through the same. The combustion chamber according to one arrangement is
in the form of a horizontal cylinder provided at one end with a tube plate and at the
other with a dome shaped or convex end which latter may at its centre be connected to
the boiler shell by a short tube through which the interior of the combustion chamber
and the tube plate can be seen while the boiler is at work. The aforesaid tube plate
has fixed therein one end of smoke tubes which at their other end are connected to a
tube.plate carried by a short horizontal cylinder fixed to the boiler shell and forming
a water space around the tubes; the said tubes open into a flue space from which the
products of combustion pass away to the main flue.
The combustion chamber is at its upper part connected by stays with the crown of
the boiler.
The combustion chamber may also be formed of a section of a vertical cylinder
having tube plates fixed on the incomplete sides of the said cylinder in which case
the top and bottom of the said combustion chamber are formed of dome shaped or
convex plates.
The combustion chamber whether formed of a horizontal or vertical cylinder is in
some cases formed with a tube plate on two opposite sides thereof, the said tube plates
receiving one end of smoke tubes which at their other ends are fixed in tube plates
carried by cylindrical projections from the boiler shell and open into flue spaces from
which the products of. combustion are conveyed into the main flue.
The combustion chamber is also in this case at the back between the tube plates

page_text: To our Invention
Figure 2 is a vertical section thereof taken on the line.A B of Figure 1-and
Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line CD of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on the line EF of Figure 5 of a portion of a
steam boiler representing a modification in the form of the combustion chamber and in
the arrangement of the water tubes.
Figure 5 is a horizontal section thereof taken on the line G H of Figure ..
Figure 6 is a front elevation partly in section of a steam boiler representing.a.
modification.
Figure 7 is a vertical section taken on the line -J of Figure 6.
Figure 8 represents a modification of part thereof and
Figure 9 is a horizontal section taken on the line K-L of Figure 7.
Figure 10 is an elevation partly in section of a boiler illustrating a modified form
of combustion chamber.
Figure 11 is a vertical section thereof taken on the line M-N of Figure 10.
Figure 12 represents a modification of part thereof and
Figure 13 is a horizontal section taken on the line 0-P of Figure 11.
Figure 14 is a front elevation partly in section of a boiler representing a modification
in the form and arrangement of the combustion chamber.
Figure 15 is a vertical section thereof taken on the line Q-R of Figure 14 and
Figure 16 is a horizontal section taken on the line S-T of Figure 15.
Figure 17 is a front elevation partly in section of a steam boiler representing a
modification in the form of the combustion chamber shown at Figures 14, 15 and 16.
Figure 18 is a vertical section thereof taken on the line U-V of Figure 17 and
Figure 19 is a horizontal section taken on the line W-X of Figure 18.
Figure 20 is a vertical section taken on the line Y-Y of Figure 21 of a portion of
a steam boiler representing a modification in which the smoke tubes are dispensed
with and
Figure 21 is a horizontal section thereof taken on the line Z-Z of Figure 20.
Figure 22 is a vertical section taken on the line A-Y of Figure 23 representing a
modification of the combustion chamber shown at Figures 20 and 21 and
Figure 23 is a horizontal section thereof taken on the line B-Z of Figure 22.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
a represents the shell of the boiler which we construct of a generally cylindrical
shape and with a dome shaped or convex crown a¹.
In the lower part of the boiler we form a conical fire box which is connected at
its lower part with the shell of the boiler by rivetting which fire box is of such a
size as to leave an annular water space d between the said fire box and the boiler
shell a.
The crown of the fire box is dome shaped or of convex form and it is by a short
flue or tube & connected with a wet combustion chamber e.

page_text: The combustion chamber is connected to the boiler shell a by a short tube c¹
through which the interior of the combustion chamber e can, be seen while the boiler
is at work. The combustion chamber c is connected by stays e with the crown a¹ of
the boiler,
C
In the arrangement represented at Figures 1, 2 and 3 the combustion chamber c
is in the form of a horizontal cylinder provided at one end with a tube plate c² and at
the other with a dome shaped or convex end e³ which latter is at its centre connected
to the boiler shell a by the short tube e' through which the interior of the combustion
chamber and the iube plate e can be seen when the boiler is at work.
The tube plate has fixed therein one end of smoke tubes et which at their other
ends are connected to a tube plate a carried by a short horizontal cylinder a fixed to
the boiler shella and forming a water space d' around the tubes the said tubes
open into a flue space (not shown) from which the products of combustion pass away
to the main flue.
In this arrangement the combustion chamber e is fitted with inclined water tubes d²
passing through the same.
According to the arrangement shown at Figures 4 and 5 the combustion chamber e
is of a modified form and is fitted with vertical water tubes d².
C
In this modification the combustion chamber is formed of a section of a vertical
cylinder having the tube plate e fixed on the incomplete side of the said cylinder and
its top and bottom formed of dome shaped or convex plates.
In the modification represented at Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 the combustion chamber c
is of similar outline to that shown at Figures 1, 2 and 3 but in this case the water
tubes are dispensed with and an alternative construction is indicated at Figure 8
whereby the combustion chamber e may be formed solid at its end e in lieu of being
connected with the boiler shell a by a short tube c' as before described.
According to the arrangement represented at Figures 10, 11 and 12 the form of the
combustion chamber is similar to that shown at Figures 4 and 5 but the inclined
tubes are dispensed with, whilst the crown of the combustion chamber is connected
by stays e with the crown a of the boiler. In Figure 12 a modification of the above
form of boiler is shown in which the combustion chamber is closed at the back and
there is no back entrance to boiler.
6
In the arrangement represented at Figures 14, 15 and 16 the combustion chamber c
is formed of a short horizontal cylinder provided with a tube plate e² at each end
thereof, tubes et are fixed at one of their ends in these plates 2 and at their other ends
in tube plates a² each of which is carried by a short horizontal cylinder a³ fixed to the
boiler shell c. The crown of the combustion chamber is also connected with the
crown of the boiler by stays e.
The combustion chamber is also connected by a short tube c' with the outer shell of
the, boiler so as to enable the interior of the combustion chamber to be seen while the
boiler is at work.
The arrangement represented at Figures 17, 18 and 19 is of very similar construction
to that shown at Figures 14, 15 and 16 except that the combustion chamber c is formed
of part of a vertical cylinder instead of being formed of a horizontal cylinder.
In the modification shown at Figures 20 and 21 the combustion chamber c is formed
of a short vertical cylinder with dome shaped crown and bottom, and vertical water
tubes are fixed in a circle in the interior of such combustion chamber and are so
arranged as to leave a free space in the centre of the combustion chamber into which
the products of combustion can pass from the tube 2, two of such tubes 2 being
arranged wider apart than the other so as to leave a free space through which the
products of combustion pass on their way to the outlet tube e; if desired the outlet
tube may be dispensed with and a vertical flue c³ (shown by dotted lines) passing
out through the dome of the boiler may be employed in lieu thereof.
In the modification represented at Figures 22 and 23 the combustion chamber c is
formed of a horizontal cylinder with dome shaped end, both inclined and vertical water
tubes d² being fixed across such combustion chamber c.

page_text: :
The flue spaces at the ends of the smoke tubes et are provided with doors d'
through which access to such tubes can be had in which such tuhes are employed.
Manholes a are provided in the shell of the boiler where necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
In steam boilers the peculiar combinations and arrangements of parts substantially
as herein shown and described.
T. W. WAILES.
MALCOLM FRASER.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings,
Agents.