IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred William Pearce, of Dundee, in the County of
Forfar, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 29th September 1865, and dated the 1st April 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred William Pearce at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st April 1865.
I, ALFRED WILLIAM PEARCE, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North.
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to a certain new arrangement of those parts of looms
used for weaving which are employed to give motion to the pick-stick, whereby
the shuttle is caused to traverse the warp. The chief part of the arrangement
consists in causing the cam, whereby motion is communicated to the pick-
stick, to move the conical roller in a direction the reverse of that at present
employed. The shaft upon which the cam is fixed moves or revolves in the
same direction as formerly, but the shaft carrying the friction roller upon
which the cam or tappet strikes is arranged on the reverse side of the cam,
the reciprocating motion of the cam being thus communicated direct to the
upper side of the roller. Instead of the friction roller, upon which the cam or
tappet strikes, being fixed upon the vertical shaft by which in existing arrange-.

page_text: ments of picking motion the motion of the cam is transmitted to the pick-
stick, it is in the present arrangement attached to a short reciprocating
shaft, this latter being connected by a link to a short crank on the picking
shaft, by the intervention of which the motion of the rod and picking move-
ment take place in the same direction as formerly. The chief advantage
resulting from the arrangement being that the concussion produced by the
existing arrangement of picking motion is under this Invention wholly or very
nearly obviated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred William Pearce in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th September 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
WILLIAM PEARCE, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of April in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alfred William Pearce, Her special license that I, the said Alfred William
Pearce, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Alfred William Pearce, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Alfred William Pearce, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred William Pearce, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-

page_text: My said Invention relates to a certain new arrangement of the parts of
looms used for weaving which are employed to give motion to the pick-stick,
whereby the shuttle is caused to traverse the warp. The chief part of the
arrangement consists in causing the cam, whereby motion is communicated to
the pick-stick, to move the conical roller in a direction the reverse of that at
present employed. The shaft upon which the cam is fixed moves or revolves
in the same direction as formerly, but the shaft carrying the friction roller.
upon which the cam or tappet strikes is arranged on the reverse side of the
cam, the reciprocatory motion of the cam being thus communicated direct to
the upper side of the roller. Instead of this friction roller, upon which the
cam or tappet strikes, being fixed upon the vertical shaft by which in existing
arrangements of picking motion the motion of the cam is transmitted to the
pick-stick, it is in the present arrangement attached to a short reciprocating
shaft, this latter being connected by a link to a short crank on the picking
shaft, by the intervention of which the motion of the rod and picking move-
ment take place in the same direction as formerly. The chief advantage
resulting from this arrangement being that the concussion produced by the
existing arrangement of picking motion is under this Invention wholly or very
nearly obviated.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I shall
now proceed to describe more particularly the system, mode, or manner in or
under which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect,
reference being had to the several Figures upon the explanatory Sheet of
Drawings which I have hereunto appended for the purpose of more distinct
elucidation, that is to say:-
Figure 1 upon the appended Sheet of Drawings represents some portions
of a power loom to which my said Invention is applied; Figure 2 being a
sectional plan of the same, in which the gable or end framing of the loom is
marked A, the upper picking shaft B, to which the picking arm I is attached
in the usual manner. The lower picking shaft is marked C, and the cone D
is that by which the motion of the lower picking shaft is communicated from
the wiper E on the wiper shaft K. The upper and lower picking shafts B
and C are connected together by the link F, and thus the motion produced
on C by the wiper E is communicated to the upper shaft B. The relative
position of the two picking shafts B and C, and the connecting link F are
better understood by referring to Figure 2.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same may be used or carried into practical effect, I would
observe in conclusion that I do not confine myself to the precise details which

page_text: I have had occasion to describe and refer to, but what I consider novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the constructing of looms in
which the wiper communicates the picking motion during the downward half
of its revolution, and the arrangement of the other parts of power looms for
the application thereto of my said Invention as herein-before described, or any
mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred William Pearce, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five.
ALFRED WILLIAM PEARCE. (L.S.)
Witness,
ST. JOHN VINCENT DAY, C. E.,
Patent Offices,
166, Buchanan Street,
Glasgow.