AN IMPROVED APPARATUS POB SCATTERING LIME, GUANO, OR OTHER ARTIFICIAL MANURES, EITHER IN A DRY OR LIQUID. STATE OR FOR SCATTERING DISINFECTANTS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Jemmett, of Binfield, in the County of
Berks, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS POB SCATTERING
LIME, GUANO, OR OTHER ARTIFICIAL MANURES, EITHER IN A DRY OR LIQUID.
STATE OR FOR SCATTERING DISINFECTANTS."
Sealed the 1st May 1866, and dated the 4th November 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Jemmett at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
November 1865.
I, ALEXANDER JEMMETT, of Binfield, in the County of Berks, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
SCATTERING LIME, GUANO, OR OTHER ARTIFICIAL MANURES, EITHER IN A DRY OR
LIQUID STATE, OR FOR SCATTERING DISINFECTANTS," to be as follows:-
My apparatus consists of a machine resembling a double winnowing
machine mounted on wheels secured to their axle or not, and drawn along
the ground or pushed by hand. On the same axle that carries the wheels
on which the machine travels, and fixed thereto or not according as the
travelling wheels are secured to their axle or revolve freely upon it, is a
toothed wheel, or one at each end of the machine may be used, which by
intermediate multiplying gear gives very rapid motion to two fans revolving.
within two drums, which are closed all round except at two points, one of
which is in communication with the hopper above each drum for containing.

page_text: the lime, guano, or other liquid or dry manure or disinfectants, and the other
at the lower side underneath as near the ground as may be. Both hoppers
have adjustable orifices so as to regulate the flow or discharge of the matter
contained therein, and are furnished with hopper rollers driven by a toothed
wheel or endless chain from the intermediate gear to prevent the orifice from,
becoming choked. When the machine is drawn along the ground the axle
on which the apparatus is supported revolves or not according as the travelling
wheels are secured to their axle or revolve freely upon it, and the intermediate
gear is set in motion causing the fans within the drums to revolve very
rapidly and dash round in a fine powder or in a very minute dew or spray
any matter contained in the hoppers, according as it may be lime or other dry
matter or a liquid.
This machine would be especially useful for destroying the turnip fly, in
which case it is necessary to deposit the lime upon a wet surface, for as the
machine goes along water could be dashed out of one drum in a fine dew
or spray, while the other would scatter the lime. If a liquid manure alone
or a dry manure alone is to be scattered, one portion of the apparatus only
will be used. In the case of water or liquid manures being used they would
not be conducted directly from the copper or reservoir into the drum, but be
conducted round to nearly the opposite side of the drum by several small
pipes, by which means the drops or small streams would be completely divided
in the course of the revolution, and be thrown out or scattered about in the
form of a fine spray or dew.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Jemmett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th May 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
JEMMETT, of Binfield, in the County of Berks, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alexander Jemmett, Her special licence that I, the said Alexander
Jemmett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Alexander Jemmett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-

page_text: after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, .exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SCATTERING LIME, GUANO, OR OTHER ARTIFICIAL MANURES,
EITHER IN A DRY OR LIQUID STATE, OR FOR SCATTERING DISINFECTANTS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alexander Jemmett, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Jemmett, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My apparatus consists of a machine resembling a double winnowing
machine mounted on wheels, secured to their axle or not, and drawn along
the ground or pushed by hand. On the same axle that carries the wheels on
which the machine travels, and fixed thereto or not according as the travelling
wheels are secured to their axle or revolve freely upon it, is a toothed wheel,
or one at each end of the machine may be used, which by intermediate
multiplying gear give very rapid motion to two fans revolving within two
drums which are closed all round except at two points, one of which is in
communication with the hopper above each drum for containing the lime, guano,
or other liquid or dry manure or disinfectants, and the other at the lower side
underneath, as near the ground as may be. Both hoppers have adjustable
orifices so as to regulate the flow or discharge of the matter contained therein,
and are furnished with hopper rollers driven by a toothed wheel or endless
chain from the intermediate gear to prevent the orifice from becoming choked.
When the machine is drawn along the ground the axle on which the apparatus
is supported revolves or not according as the travelling wheels are secured to
their axle or revolve freely upon it, and the intermediate gear is set in motion,
causing the fans within the drums to revolve very rapidly and dash round in a
fine powder or in a very minute dew or spray any matter contained in the
hoppers, according as it may be lime or other dry matter or liquid. This
machine would be especially useful for destroying the turnip fly, in which case
it is necessary to deposit the lime upon a wet surface, for as the machine goes
along water could be dashed out of one drum in a fiue dew or spray, while the

page_text: other would scatter the lime. If a liquid manure alone, or a dry manure
alone is to be scattered, one portion of the apparatus only will be used. In
the case of water or liquid manures being used, they would not be. conducted
directly from the hopper or reservoir into the drum, but be conducted round
to nearly the opposite side of the drum by several small pipes, by which means
the drops or small streams would be completely divided in the course of the
revolution and be thrown out or scattered about in the form of a fine spray
or dew.
Having thus far described the nature and object of my Invention I shall
now proceed to describe the same more minutely, and endeavour to set forward
the means I prefer to adopt for carrying the same into practical effect. In
order to do this as completely as possible I have hereunto annexed Drawings
of my machine, denoting the various parts by letters and figures; like letters
and figures referring to similar parts.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of my machine, the running wheels being
removed to show the working parts more clearly, though their position is
denoted by the large circle marked A, A. Fig. 2 is a section of the machine.
Securely attached to one of the wheels A, A, by bolts or otherwise, is the
cog wheel B; one only is shown, and this may be found sufficient, but two
may be used, namely, one at each side of the machine, bolted to each of the
wheels A, A. The cog wheel B works into the pinion C, which is set on a
loose axle D to allow for the irregular motion of the machine when passing
over the ground, and by means of intermediate gear, namely, the wheel E, and
the small pinions F, F, a very rapid motion is given to the cylinders G, G.
These cylinders, shown more clearly in Fig. 3, consist of wires which may be
more or less numerous according to the fineness with which the powder or
liquid is to be scattered. On the same spindle as E is a small pinion H,
which by suitable gear I, I, gives motion to the rollers K.
structed with recesses marked L, L, as shown; such recesses I prefer to be
alternate in the circumference and length of the roller. These recesses
retain the manure or other matter from the hoppers N, N', and in revolving
let it fall upon the wire cylinders G, G, which scatter it into a fine powder or
a minute spray. The rollers are kept clean by the scrapers M, M, which are
pressed against them by the springs O, O. This may also be effected by
weights. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of this portion of the machine. By
removing one or other of the pinions F, F, one or other side only of the
machine may be used, and by increasing or diminishing the number and size
of the recesses in the rollers K, K, the proper quantity of the manure or
disinfectant may be supplied. By having the bottom of the boxes X, X, made
These are con-

page_text: water tight, and with a false perforated bottom, as at Y, Fig. 4, liquid manure
may be run through and more evenly distributed. In some cases, as in the
following, both hoppers may be used, one for liquid and the other for a dry
powdered manure. Thus N¹ may be used for a liquid chemically prepared or
not as required, and N for lime or any chemical preparation in a powdered
and dry state. The young plants, as turnips, beans, peas, &c., can then be
damped by the liquid which would cover them as a dew or spray, and the lime
or other powdered manure or disinfectant, being driven out in a fine dust
would at once adhere to the leaves and protect them from the ravages of
insects, slugs, and such other animals. Proper handles should be supplied for
throwing the wheels in and out of gear and a proper change of wheels to
suit various circumstances should be kept in stock. This, however, requires
no particular explanation as it would not be a new feature in my Invention,
such having been done before. By taking out the cylinders G, G, and using
double tins, as in the ordinary seed drill for beans and peas, the manure or
disinfectant, either liquid or dry, can be thrown in drills or ridges.
Now I am perfectly aware that there are many individual portions of my
Invention which are not new, and also that they may be very considerably
varied in size and shape and in the details of their construction without the
general feature of my Invention being lost or departed from, but what I
consider as new and useful in my Invention, and which I desire to be protected
by Her Majesty's Letters Patent is,
Firstly, the use of a wire cylinder constructed as herein-before described,
and for the herein-mentioned purposes.
Secondly, the general combined mechanical arrangement in the manure,
and for the purposes herein-before set forth and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Jemmett, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
CHARLES S. BAKER,
General Patent Co., Limited,
71, Fleet Street,
Agents.
ALEX JEMMETT. (L.S.)