Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 24th Aug., 1896 Accepted, 12th Dec., 1896
Fig. II is a vertical cross-section thereof.
Fig. III shows a vertical section of that part of the apparatus in which the air
receives the qualities necessary for the various parts of the process.
Fig. IV shows a section on line x-y of the heating chamber;
Fig. V shows a modification of the drum in vertical longitudinal section ;
Fig. VI is a vertical cross-section thereof.
Fig. VII is a view of the whole apparatus.
The malt drum 1 is composed of a cylindrical casing 2, in which are made.
openings for the filling or emptying, with their closing covers, as well as outlet
openings 4. The drum is closed at the ends by the heads 5 and 6. In the head 6
is a separating wall 7 which is provided with sieve like holes 8. The central
part 9 of the separating wall 7 is not perforated and is secured to the hollow
axle 10. The assemblage of the hollow axle 10 with the head 5 is made detachable
and permits of pulling out the separating wall 7 with the hollow axle 10 after
baving taken off the attachment screws and the head 6. The heads 5 and 6 have
central openings 11 and 12; 11 serves to let in the air and 12 to let it out.
these central openings 11 and 12 are fixed the two tubular sockets 13 and 14 upon
the heads 5 and 6. Into these sockets 13 and 14 enter fixed tubes 15 and 16 round
which the drum rotates and against which it is caulked, by a stuffing-box and
gland 18 provided with a packing 17.
Round
On the hollow axle 10 are attached radial tubes 19 which communicate with the
interior of the hollow axle 10. For this purpose the hollow' axle 10 is provided
with corresponding holes. The radial tubes are fixed upon the hollow axle 10 in
such a manner as to be easily taken off. In the present case eight tubes are
arranged in each plane alternating with the next eight tubes so that the second,
fourth, sixth etc. rows lie opposite the spaces between the first, third, fifth etc.
rows as shown in Fig. II.
The radial tubes 19 are closed at the end' 20 but have in their walls sieve like
perforations through which the air can pass in.
In the interior of these tubes 19 are arranged tubes 21 which are provided with
the same distribution of holes as the tubes 19. The tubes 21 are guided in the
tubes 19 so that they can slide in the direction of their axes but not turn. On the
rotation of the drum the tubes 21, in consequence of their weight take the positions
shown in Fig. II. If required the inner tubes 21 can also be moved' by power in
direction of their axes.
:

page_text: By this arrangement the upper part of the interior of the drum is closed against
the air passing through the hollow axle 10 whilst in the lower part of the drum
communication remains open.
The drum 1 must now be able to turn round the fixed tubes 15 and 16. For this
purpose there is fixed upon the casing of the drum the toothed ring 22 which gears
with the genr wheel 23 turned by means of a worm and worm-wheel 24 by the
pulley 25. It is advisable to take the weight of the drum on the rollers r.
To provide the drum during the several stages of working with the necessary
air, the fixed tube 15 can be put in communication with the chamber for the air-
heating 27 by means of the valve 28 and with the chamber for air damping 29 by
the slide 30.
The ventilator 31 forces fresh air through the air cleaning cylinder 32 which is
filled alternately with sieves 33 and salicylic cotton wool 34 or other means for air
cleaning, whence it passes through the pipe 35 into the air damping chamber 29 or
by means of the valve 36 and the pipe 37 into the air heating chamber 27.
The air forced through the corresponding chambers into the drum 1 is drawn off
by the exhauster 38, which is connected to the stationary tube 16.
The air heating chamber 27 has a rectangular arched space in which is
constructed the heater 39 of fire-proof material.
The combustion gases are received in the dome 40 and pass through the
serpentine pipes 41 on both sides of the furnace to the flues 42 leading to the
chimney.
The serpentine tubes 41 heat the air entering through the pipe 37. The air is
heated above the dome 40 and conducted through passage 43 into the pipe leading
to the drum 1.
The air damping chamber 29 consists of two parts 44 and 45. In the part 44 is
a number of blast-pipes 46 to disperse water which are supplied by means of a
water tube 47. The water squirted into the space of the part 44 passes through
the perforated bottom 48 into the part 45. In the part 45 are balls or shirts of
porcelain 49 over which the water coming from the part 44 passes and leaves
through the perforated bottom 50 into the drain 51.
The air forced into the air damping chamber 29 passes over the porcelain
balls 49 forming a large surface, takes moisture from the water running down and
can be carried through the hole 52 and the tubes into the drum 1.
Fig. V shows another kind of malting drum in which the air closure in the
upper part of the drum and the air feed to the under part of the drum is provided
for in another manner. The general construction of the drum is the same as that
shown in Figs. I and II. A difference from the before mentioned drum 1 consists
that in the interior of the hollow axle 10ª is arranged a stationary axle b round
which the drum rotates. The inner tube b brings the air feed and is closed by the
non-perforated central part of the separating wall 7. The stationary hollow axle b
is provided with openings c which as will be seen from the section in Fig. VI are
arranged only beneath the plane which is parallel to the line uv and passes through
the mathematic axis of the drum. The line u-v represents the natural slope of the
material introduced into the drum. Upon the axle 10ª are radial tubes 19ª which
are provided with sieve like perforations. During rotation of the drum entrance
of air will only be possible under line u, v.
The process is as follows:-
The drum 1 is filled at the most to a third of its capacity with barley, then water
is poured in and the swimming barley is taken out through the openings 3.
Then the drum is closed and driven at a quick rate of revolution by a motor by
means of the pulley 25. During this stage the washing water is to be frequently
changed until all impurities are removed from the barley. The barley is then
soaked, the water is run off, and the drum is set in quicker rotation until all water
is removed. When this is done the drum is brought to a standstill until the barley
commences to sprout. After the appearance of the germ the ventilator 31 is put in
operation, the slide 30 is opened, the valves 36 and 28 are closed and the drum 1 is

page_text: moved in a very slow revolution. Through the ventilator 31 the air, passed
through the cleaning cylinder 32, is carried to the air damping chamber 29 where
it receives moisture and is also cooled to about 10 or 15 degrees Centigrade which
can be observed by the thermometer. From here the air is passed under the
influence of the ventilator 31 into the drum 1 which now is filled to about three-
fourths of its capacity with the sprouted barley. During the revolution of the
drum, one set of the inner tubes 21 adopts by their own weight or by corresponding
forced shifting, such a position that they leave free the openings of the stationary
radial tubes 19 covered completely with germinating barley, whilst the radial
tubes which move in the empty space over the barley remain closed by the down-
sliding or by the correspondingly arranged movement of the inner tubes 21 so that
all the air which is introduced into the drum, is forced to pass through the
germinating barley before it leaves the drum.
After having passed the germinating barley the air enters the empty space
above the line u, v through the sieve like perforated separating wall 7 into the
chamber whence it is absorbed by the exhaustor 38. The temperature is there
observed by the thermometer 54. The hygrometers 55 and 56 serve to measure
the degree of humidity of the air.
By the particular arrangement of the radial tubes so that those of one group
alternate with the next group, the air conducting tubes are so approached together
that in these intervals between the groups of tubes a thin not too heavy layer of
the germinating barley is formed, in which the air passes through all parts of the
germinating material and is equally distributed.
The germinating action takes place with a temperature up to 15 degrees C. and the
degree of damping of the air corresponds to this temperature so that self heating of
the stuff is avoided.
The same process takes place on using the drum which is shown in Figs. V
and VI only that closure of the air is otherwise effected.
In consequence of the extraordinary cleanness of the air the formation of mould
is impossible.
After the germination is finished dry and cold air is driven into the malt which
is effected by closing the water conduct 47 until the germs are perished.
When this stage is finished the kiln-drying is commenced. The slides 30 are
closed, the valves 26 and 38 opened and the air is forced, by means of the
The air
ventilator 31 through the air-heating chamber 27 to the drum 1.
passes over the heated serpentine tubes 41 (Fig. III) where it is heated to the
right temperature. The course of the heated air through the drum is the same as
in the germinating stage.
After having finished the kiln-drying the malt is taken out of the drum, the
wall 6 is taken off and the separating wall 7 with the groups of tubes is pulled
from the interior of the drum in order to clean all parts thoroughly, whereupon the
same process may be recommenced.
Dated this 18th day of December 1895.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to the Applicant.
An Improved Malting Apparatus.
1 AUGUST DEININGER of Stephenstrasse, 6, Berlin in the Empire of Germany
Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The present invention serves to unite in one apparatus and in one pneumatic

page_text: own weight, or by corresponding forced shifting such a position that they leave
free the openings of the stationary radial tubes 19 covered completely with
germinating barley whilst the radial tubes which move in the empty space over
the barley remain closed by the down sliding or by the correspondingly arranged
movement of the inner tubes 21 so that all the air which is introduced into the
drum is forced to pass through the germinating barley before it leaves the drum.
After having passed the germinating barley the air enters the empty space
above the line u. v through the sieve-like perforated separating wall 7 into the
chamber k whence it is absorbed by the exhauster 38. The temperature is there
observed by the thermometer 54.
The hygrometers 55 and 56 serve to measure the degree of humidity of the air.
By the particular arrangement of the radial tubes so that those of one group
alternate with the next group, the air conducting tubes are so approached together
that in these intervals between the groups of tubes a thin, not too heavy layer of
the germinating barley is formed, in which the air passes through all parts of the
germinating material and is equally distributed.
The germinating action takes place with a temperature up to 15 degrees C. and
the degree of damping of the air corresponds to this temperature, so that self-
heating of the stuff is avoided.
The same process takes place on using the drum which is shown in Figs. V and VI
only that closure of the air is otherwise effected.
In consequence of the extraordinary cleanness of the air, the formation of
mould is impossible.
After the germination is finished dry and cold air is driven into the malt which
is effected by closing the water conduct 47 until the germs are perished. When
this stage is finished the kiln-drying is commenced. The slides 30 are closed, the
valves 28 and 36 opened and the air is forced by means of the ventilator 31
through the air heating chamber 27 to the drum 1. The air passes over the heated
serpentine tubes 41 (Fig. III) where it is heated to the right temperature. The
course of the heated air through the drum is the same as in the germinating
stage.
After having finished the kiln-drying the malt is taken out of the drum, the
wall 6 is taken off and the separating wall 7 with the groups of tubes is pulled
from the interior of the drum in order to clean all parts thoroughly, whereupon the
same process may be recommenced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is
In malting apparatus;
1) The combination of a drum adapted to receive a charge of barley, an air-
heating chamber 27 an air damping chamber 29 communication pipes between said
chambers and the drum, valves in said pipes, a ventilator 31 adapted to force air
through said chambers and an exhauster 38 adapted to draw air from the drum.
2) The combination with a drum and means for revolving the same, of a hollow
shaft 10 in said drum, radial perforated tubes 19 on said shaft and communicating
with the interior thereof and interior perforated tubes 21 adapted to slide within
the tubes 19 their perforations being in coincidence in the lower part of the drum
and out of coincidence in the upper part thereof.
3) The combination with a drum adapted to receive a charge of barley and
means for revolving the said drum, of a hollow shaft in said drum, radial perforated
tubes on said shaft and communicating with the interior thereof, and means for
closing the communication through the perforated tubes between the drums and its
hollow shaft in the part of said drum above the surface of the charge therein,
while maintaining such communication under the surface of said charge.
4) The combination with a malting drum of an air heating chamber, an enclosed
furnace 39 within said chamber, a dome 40 thereto, serpentine pipes 42 in

page_text: communication with said dome, flues in communication with said pipes and me ins
for admitting air to pass through said chamber in contact with said pipes, furnace
and dome.
5) The combination with a malting drum of an air damping chamber divided by
perforated floors 48, 50, into an upper part 44, a middle part 45 and a lower
part 51, a pipe 47 with nozzle 46 for supplying jets of water to part 44 sherds 49-
in part 45 and means for supplying air to and drawing off excess water from.
part 51 and means for drawing off air from part 44.
Dated this 24th day of August 1896.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.