Improvements in Liquid and Gaseous Meters.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 4th May, 1893-Accepted, 24th June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Liquid and Gaseous Meters.
I, HEINRICH PAASCH of Buckau near Magdeburg in the Kingdom of Prussia,
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in meters, and its object is to obtain
greater accuracy with less wear and tear of the parts than has hitherto been
attainable.
The apparatus consists of a cylindrical casing divided into two chambers by a
pulsating diaphragm, which is centrally attached to a sliding rod, and provided
with an upper chamber, in to which the fluid or gas is led, and which contains a
circular oscillating valve and corresponding parts. This circular valve is so
arranged and oscillated by a lever or pendulum, that it allows of the flirid alternately
entering into and discharging from the two chambers of the main receptacle.
The lever or pendulum attached to the circular valve is set in motion by a
weighted lever, which last is pivoted to the lower part of the casing and swung to
and fro by the reciprocating motion of rollers fixed in a sleeve on the sliding rod.
A counter is connected to the sliding rod, so that the amount of water passed into
and discharged from the meter can be accurately measured.
The action is as follows,- Water or other fluid is passed into one of the chambers
of the casing, which I will call I. The pressure hereby exerted on the diaphragm
causes this to move towards chamber II. The sliding-rod being fixed to the
diaphragm moves also and causes the rollers in the sleeve to come in contact with
the weighted lever pivoted to the lower part of the casing.
This weighted lever being thus thrown over, causes the valve lever also to swing
thus oscillating the valve, and allowing the fluid or gas to pass through the other
ports into chamber II, when a similar but reversed action takes place. The sliding-
rod, being attached to a counter-mechanism, every movement of the diaphragm is
thus recorded.
If the nuts or the
together, which car
weighted lever is
circular valve oc
Instead of t
for effecting
recommend
can also b
with this
In a
indeper
of the
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slits
sliding-rod, carrying the small rollers, be screwed closer
e effected from without the casing-the swing of the
rally shortened, and in consequence the oscillations of the
shorter periods.
ighted lever mechanism another form of apparatus can be used
oscillation of the circular valve, and this is especially to be
en it is required to use the meter in any position. This apparatus
i as an automatic reversing-gear for power-machines, and the meter
agement, can itself be used as an hydraulic-motor.
e enclosing the whole mechanism, are two plates, moving to and fro
cly of each other, and fixed to guides passing through slits in the walls
ming. Between each plate and the frame is introduced a helically coiled
To the two ends of the framing are attached sliding plates, provided with
esponding to the plate guides and to two locking-bars passing through the
S. To the diaphragm-rod, which also passes through the apparatus, are
ght angles to one another two cross-bars, the one of which effects the
of the one or other spring according to the to and fro motion of the
whilst the other moves in slits in the locking-bars, and causes them to
fro.
On the sliding-rod, and on the locking-bars are attached wedge-like projections
which together with the cross-bars attached to the rod, actuate the whole

page_text: The action of the meter so arranged is then as follows:-Water or other fluid
enters from the upper casing through ports into the chamber I, causing a movement
of the diaphragm towards the other chamber. The one cross-bar on the stem
presses against the plate which lies in its way of motion, and this compresses the
spring between it and the framing. The projections on the plate-guides being thus
brought outside the framing, the sliding-plate at that end falls and catches the
guides, the other cross-bar at the same time sliding the locking-bars through the
slits in the sliding-plate now opposite to them, effectually preventing this plate from
being slid upwards and thus allowing of the guides to travel back through the slits.
The spring will then be under compression, and remains so until released by the
return of the diaphragm and sliding-rod. The other spring, which till then was
under compression, is released by the locking-bars passing out of the slits in the
sliding-plate, which can then be slid upwards, by the action of the wedge shaped
projections of the sliding-rod on the same, thus releasing the plate-guides and the
spring.
The release of the plate and coiled spring has the effect of throwing the valve-
lever which swings free between the two plates-over, thus causing the circular-valve
to oscillate, and pass the water or other fluid into chamber II when the whole action
is reversed.
When it is required to pass oil or heated fluids through the meter, the stroke of
the diaphragm and sliding rod is made shorter, and the inlet and outlet tubes, and
circular valve-chest are placed further away from the cylindrical case, the fluid
then circulating only in the valve and ports, thus avoiding of any damage being
done to the diaphragm.
Dated the Fourth day of August 1892.
"
CASTLE SMITH,
Invention" Office, 54, Fleet Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Liquid and Gaseous Meters.
I, HEINRICH PAASCH, of Buckau near Magdeburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia,
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in meters, and its object is to obtain
greater accuracy with less wear and tear of the parts than has hitherto been
attainable.
The apparatus consists of a cylindrical casing divided into two chambers by a
pulsating diaphragm, which is centrally attached to a sliding rod, and provided
with an upper chamber into which the fluid or gas is led, and which contains a
circular oscillating valve and corresponding parts. This circular valve is so
arranged and oscillated by alternately entering into and discharging from the two
chambers of the main receptacle.
-
The lever or pendulum attached to the circular valve is set in motion by a
weighted lever, which last is pivoted to the lower part of the casing and swung to
and fro by the reciprocating motion of rollers fixed in a sleeve on the sliding rod.
A counter is connected to the sliding rod, so that the amount of water passed into
and discharged from the meter can be accurately measured.
The action is as follows,-Water or other fluid is passed into one of the chambers
of the casing which I will call I. The pressure hereby exerted on the diaphragm
causes this to move towards chamber II. The sliding-rod being fixed to the
diaphragm moves also and causes the rollers in the sleeve to come in contact with
the weighted lever pivoted to the lower part of the casing.

page_text: This weighted lever being thus thrown over, causes the valve lever also to swing
thus oscillating the valve, and allowing the fluid or gas to pass through the other
ports into chamber II, when a similar but reversed action takes place. The sliding
rod being attached to a counter-mechanism, every movement of the diaphragm is
thus recorded.
If the nuts on the sliding-rod, carrying the small rollers, be screwed closer
together which can be effected from without the casing-the swing of the weighted
lever is naturally shortened, and in consequence the oscillations of the circular
valve occur at shorter periods.
Instead of the weighted lever mechanism another form of apparatus can be used
for effecting the oscillation of the circular valve, and this is especially to be recom-
mended when it is required to use the meter in any position. This apparatus can
also be used as an automatic reversing-gear of power-machines, and the meter with
this arrangement can itself be used as an hydraulic-motor.
In a frame enclosing the whole mechanism, are two plates, moving to and fro
independently of each other, and fixed to guides passing through slits in the walls
of the framing. Between each plate and the frame is introduced a helically coiled
spring. To the two ends of the framing are attached sliding plates, provided with
slits corresponding to the plate guides and to two locking-bars passing through the
apparatus.
To the diaphragm-rod, which also passes through the apparatus, are attached
at right angles to one another two cross-bars, the one of which effects the com-
pression of the one or other spring according to the to and fro motion of the sliding-
rod, whilst the other moves in slits in the locking-bars, and causes them to slide
to and fro.
On the sliding-rod, and on the locking bars attached wedge-like projections
which together with the cross-bars attached to the rod, actuate the whole
mechanism.
:-
The action of the meter so arranged is then as follows: -Water or other fluid
enters from the upper casing through ports into the chamber I, causing a movement
of the diaphragm towards the other chamber. The one cross-bar on the stem
presses against the plate which lies in its way of motion, and this compresses the
spring between it and the framing. The projections on the plate-guides being thus
brought outside the framing, the sliding-plate at that end falls and catches the
guides, the other cross-bar at the same time sliding the locking-bars through the
slits in the sliding-plate now opposite to them, effectually preventing this plate
from being slid upwards and thus allowing of the guides to travel back through
the slits. The spring will then be under compression, and remains so until released
by the return of the diaphragm and sliding-rod. The other spring, which till then
was under compression, is released by the locking-bars passing out of the slits in
the sliding-plate, which can then be slid upwards, by the action of the wedge
shaped projections of the sliding-rod on the same, thus releasing the plate-guides
and the spring.
The release of the plate and coiled spring has the effect of throwing the valve-
lever which swings free between the two plates-over, thus causing the circular-valve
to oscillate, and pass the water or other fluid into chamber II when the whole
action is reversed.
When it is required to pass oil or heated fluids through the meter, the stroke of
the diaphragm and sliding-rod is made shorter, and the inlet and outlet tubes, and
circular-valve-chest are placed further away from the cylindrical case, the fluid
then circulating only in the valve and ports, thus avoiding of any damage being
done to the diaphragm.
One form of construction of my new liquid meter is illustrated by the accom-
panying drawing on which
Fig. 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 a cross-section of the
apparatus, Fig. 3 is the plan of a part (F) of the same, Figures 4, 5 and 6 being

page_text: the view, the plan and a section of the device for transmitting all movements of
the diaphragm upon the counter or registering mechanism.
In the casing A, closed by the cover B, the diaphragm is fixed with its peripheral
edge, thus dividing the casing into two chambers I and II. Each of these is con-
nected by a passage with a valve-box C, wherein is arranged the reversing device,
the drawing shows the latter in the form of a circular valve D. The diaphragm E
is connected to the guide-rod F and this ends in a sleeve in which a spindle H with
the two screw nuts G G¹ (see Figs. 1 and 3), is arranged in such a manner, as to
enable the nuts to be adjusted by turning the spindle. According to whether the
spindle H is turned to the right or left the two nuts are approached to or removed
from each other. The spindle H penetrates the wall of the casing, can be turned
from the outside thereof by means of a key in order to alter the distance between
A weighted lever F pivoted on f is provided with projecting arms
carrying small rollers d d. The plane of movement of the weighted lever F is the
same as that of the rollers ec (Fig. 3) which are carried by the nuts (G G¹)
arranged on the spindle H. The axes of these rollers slide in longitudinal slits of
the frame-like sleeve of the guide-rod F, thus preventing the nuts G G¹ from
turning. The head of the weighted lever f may be formed as a closed tube which
is partly filled with mercury.
the nuts.
The mechanism as so far described actuates the valve D by means of a forked
pendulum-lever K, supported at g, and which, with its two arms moves in the track
of the rollers d d.
By means of bracket of the sleeve of the guide-rod F this is in connection
with a transmitter L, respectively with the shaft M which transmits the movements
of the guide-rod F to a counter Z (Figs. 1, 2).
As shown by Figs. 4, 5 and 6, the said transmitter is composed of two racks Q Q¹
which are united into one diagonal frame, and of pinions O O¹ in rigid connection
with two ratchet wheels P P with which they freely turn on the shaft M. On
the shaft itself is keyed the disk N having two pawls. The two pinions O, O¹
engage in the said racks, the one in the upper rack (Q) and the other (O') in the
lower rack (Q). The pinious therefore always turn in opposite direction and only
one of the two ratchet wheels alternately actuates the disk N, viz. the one (P)
situated before the disk N, when Q Q moves into the direction of the arrow, and
the other one (P) situated behind the disk N in the direction opposite to the
arrow, whilst the second wheel always turns loosely. The effect is, that always one
of the pinions (O O¹) rotates the disk N (see arrow) respectively the counter Z
in the same sense of rotation at the least oscillation of the diaphragm E and
consequently of the parts F, h, Q, Q¹.
Thus every drop of fluid which passes is registered.
When the meter is working, the liquid enters by the pipe a¹ (Fig. 2), from
there if the parts are in the position of Fig. 1-it passes in the direction of the
arrow, through valve D into the chambers I and pushes the diaphragm (E) to the
right. The guide-rod F of the diaphragm touches with its left rollers c c the arms
of the weighted lever J, moving the same.towards its vertical position.
If the head of the lever J has passed a little over the middle line to the right,
the mercury, flowing to the right side of the head of J, causes the lever to quicken
its movement in its direction. The rollers d push against the lower ends of the
pendulum-lever K, the upper arm of which engaging with a notch of the valve D,
effects the reversal of the latter, so that the liquid is conducted through the valve-
box to the other chamber II. The return-movement of the diaphragm presses at
the same time the measured liquid from chamber I through the valve D to the
outlet b'.
-
During the whole movement of the diaphragm to the right, the transmitting
mechanism L rotates the disk N respectively the shaft M and during the next
movement to the left and all following movements this rotation continues in the
same direction.
;;

page_text: If by approaching the nuts G G₁on turning the spindle H the stroke of the
lever is shortened, the lever K will of course effect the reversal comparatively
sooner. It is therefore not necessary, to limit the stroke of the diaphragm. For
very hot liquids it is advisable, to adjust the diaphragm on the smallest stroke, in
order to make sure, that the liquid moves only in the valve-box, and in the
adjoining channels so as to come in no contact with the diaphragm, thus protecting
the latter against destruction. The diaphragm will in such case be in contact
only with the cooler or specifically heavier liquid.
The working of the meter in such a manner offers the same advantages when
used for oil or oily liquids.
Although the employment of a circular oscillating valve (such as D shown on
the drawing) appears especially suitable, yet the action of the meter is in no way
dependent thereon, and another distributing device can be substituted if required.
As every pump is able to work as motor, if the liquid to be conveyed is conducted
therein under pressure, the present meter is the more able to do so, because the
diaphragm C offers an extensive surface of pressure so that very considerable power
can be obtained. On this case the guide-rod F is made use of in the same manner
as the piston-rod of a steam engine.
In this simple arrangement, differences in temperature and pressure have
generally no influence upon the accuracy of work.
Mud forms no obstacle to the working, because it settles down and can be easily
removed from the bottom of the casing.
Another form of construction is shown in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings,
Fig. 7 being a vertical, longitudinal section and Fig. 8 showing the reversing
device on a larger scale.
Between the two walls of a frame T, T₁ which encloses the whole of the
transmitting mechanism, two oscillating plates U and U', having a movement
independent from each other, are arranged, each of which being guided by two
rails and in slits of the frame. Between the sides of the frame and the plates
are placed springs V and V1.
Sliding plates R and R' placed against the two walls T and T¹ of the frame are
provided, each with two elits for the locking bars e e, and two slits for the guide-
rails and . These sliding-plates (R and R¹) lock the plates U, U¹ (in Fig. 7 at
the left plate U), when the helically coiled springs V and V₁ are compressed by
placing themselves against wedge-shaped projection on the rails and (Fig. 7
left), thus keeping the springs (for instance V') in a compressed state. The
locking-bars e e serve for bolting the sliding-plates (R and R) in such a manner
that while on the one side a sliding-plate is bolted (as shown on the left side, Fig. 7)
the other sliding-plate on the other side is free to move (Fig. 7 at right hand).
The diaphragm-rod S is provided with cross bars or pins s and s', one of which (s)
causes the compressing of the springs V and V, while the other one (s') serves to
move the locking bars e. The wedge shaped projections k and k' of the sliding-
rod S serve for raising the sliding-plates R and R' in time. The cross bars s, s¹
together with the wedge like projections k, k¹ of the sliding-rod actuate the spring-
mechanism.
Taking the position of Fig. 7 the operation is as follows:
The liquid flows through the valve D which has arrived at its extreme right end
position and through the open port a into the left chamber I and begins to push
the diaphragm E to the right.
This effects the following:
The one cross-bar s on the sliding-rod takes the plate U with its guide-rails / to
the right, at the same time compressing the spring V between plate U and the
framing T.
When the diaphragm and with it the sliding rod S have nearly reached the end-
position at the right, the wedge-shaped projection of the guide-rails is brought
outside of the framing and sliding-plate R and the cross bars, as soon as it reaches
the right-end of the guide-slit in the locking bars e (see Fig. 8), can shift these

page_text: bars from the left to the right. By this the sliding plate R at the right is locked
in front of the wedge-like projections of the guide-rails 1. Thereupon the
diaphragm E with the sliding-rod S begins to return. The locking bars e, at the
same moment at which they are locking the right hand sliding-plate R by entering
into the respective slits have unlocked the left hand sliding-plate R¹. In con-
sequence thereof the wedge ¹ of the sliding-rod S, which now has reached the
sliding-plate R¹, can raise the same.
Furthermore the wedges of the guide-rails are free to move and with it
plate U, while spring Vi drives plate U¹, and with it the lever K which projects
between the two plates U and U₁, to the right; lever K hereby turns the valve D
to the left, so that port b allows the entrance of the fluid or gaseous liquid which is
to be measured and the exit of the same takes place through port a.
The liquid
entering through port 6 presses the diaphragm E back to the left, pushes out the
liquid from the left chamber 1 and causes the same operation of the parts on the
other side.
b
The sliding-rod S is connected to the counter in a similar way as described with
reference to the guide rod F of Fig. 1.
This reversing device which I call the double spring mechanism allows to work
the meter in any for instance in a slanting position.
Having thus described the nature and object of this invention, and the manner in
which it is to be carried out in practice, I hereby claim:
1. In meters for liquids and gases provided with a pulsating diaphragm fixed on
a sliding rod, the combination of this latter by means of rollers adjustably arranged
thereon with a weighted pendulum lever (F) and reversing lever (K) which controls
the distributing valve, and a suitable transmitting device (L, see Figs. 1, 4, 5, 6)
combined with a counter, substantially as described.
2. In meters for liquids and gases as described in Claim 1, the modified arrange-
ment of the valve controlling device, consisting of springs (V, V¹) arranged
between fixed walls and plates (U, U¹), which springs are alternately compressed and
released by cross-bars provided on the sliding rod, in combination with locking
bars and wedge guides (1, 1), substantially as described with reference to Figs. 7, 8.
Dated this 4th day of May 1802
<<
CASTLE SMITH,
Invention" Office, 54, Fleet Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
CASTLE SMITH,
Invention " Office, 54, Fleet Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.