Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1886
Complete Left, 9th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 9th Sept., 1887.
DECOn
1 GEORGE ALLAN of Corngreaves Hall in the County of Stafford Iron Master do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference principally to the doors of safes and strong rooms but is
also applicable to other parts of safes and strong rooms and to other articles and
structures.
I will describe my invention in connection with the door of a safe.
In making the door of a safe it is rendered practically impregnable to the attacks
of burglars by being made of hardened steel or covered with an outer plate made of
or containing hardened steel. In the latter case the said plates are attached to the
door by iron or steel rivets. These rivets can be attacked and so disabled by drilling
or otherwise that the impregnable outer plate may be removed.
The object of my invention is to render the rivets by which the protecting plate is
attached to the door of the safe as impregnable to a drilling instrument as the plate
itself. This I effect by making the said rivets of mild cast steel having embedded in
them wires or rods of steel of such quality that they will be rendered hard and drill
proof by the ordinary process of hardening steel. I make the rivets by casting or
by forging. In the former case I arrange in the mould wires or rods of steel highly
susceptible of hardening the said wires or rods being packed close or nearly close
together and parallel to the axis of the rivet. In the latter case I make long lengths
or bars of mild steel having in them the longitudinal wires or rods of the hardening
steel. From these bars lengths are cut and by forging made into rivets. Whether
the rivets are formed by casting or forging I subject them to the hardening process

page_text: whereby the internal wires or rods are hardened. In attaching the front plate to the
safe door the riveting is effected on the inside of the door and it is only necessary to
heat that end of the rivet which has to be riveted at the inside of the door. Owing
to the imperfect conducting power for heat of steel the head and end of the rivet
which are situated at and near the front of the door are not heated sufficiently to
soften them and that portion of the rivet accessible to the burglar is proof against the
action of a drill.
My invention is applicable to all parts of safes and strong rooms and to other
articles and structures where burglar proof plates are attached by riveting.
Dated this Thirtieth day of November 1886.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Safes and Strong Rooms and other like Articles
and Structures.
I GEORGE ALLAN of Corngreaves Hall, in the County of Stafford, Iron Master, do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
My invention has reference principally to the doors of safes and strong rooms but is
also applicable to other parts of safes and strong rooms and to other articles and
structures.
I will describe my invention in connection with the door of a safe. In the
ordinary method of making the door of a safe the said door is rendered practically
impregnable to the attacks of burglars by being made of hardened steel or covered
with an outer plate made of or containing hardened steel. In the latter case the
said plates are attached to the door by iron or steel rivets or bolts or screws. These
rivets bolts or screws can be attacked and so disabled by drilling or otherwise that the
impregnable outer plate may be removed.
The object of my invention is to render the fastenings by which the protecting plate
is attached to the door of the safe as impregnable to a drilling instrument as the
plate itself.

page_text: I will describe my invention as applied to the rivets used for attaching the plate of
or containing hardened steel to the safe door.
I make the said rivets of mild cast steel having embedded in them wires or rods of
steel of such quality that they will be rendered hard and drill proof by the ordinary
process of hardening steel, that is, by heating it to redness and quenching in water.
1 make the rivets by casting or by forging. In the former case I arrange in the
mould, wires or rods of steel highly susceptible of hardening, the said wires or rods
being packed close or nearly close together and preferably parallel to the axis of the
rivet. In the latter case I make long lengths or bars of mild steel having in them the
longitudinal wires or rods of the hardening steel. These long lengths or bars are
made by rolling down cast ingots of mild steel in which wires or rods of hardening
steel have been embedded in the casting process. Or the long lengths of mild steel
having in them longitudinal wires or rods of hardening steel may be produced by
rolling down slabs or masses of mild steel in which wires or rods of hardening steel
have been introduced by the well known process called piling.
From bars made in the ways described lengths are cut and by the forging process
the said lengths are made into rivets. Whether the said rivets are formed by casting
or forging I subject them to the hardening process whereby the internal wires or rods
are hardened. In attaching the front plate to the safe door, the riveting is effected
on the inside of the door and it is only necessary to heat that end of the rivet which
has to be riveted at the inside of the door. Owing to the imperfect conducting
power for heat of steel the head and end of the rivet which are situated at and near
the front of the door are not heated sufficiently to soften them and that portion of the
rivet accessible to the burglar is proof against the action of a drill or boring
instrument. Or instead of making the hardening process part of the manufacture
of the rivets the said rivets may be issued into commerce in an unhardened state in
which case the hardening is effected when the rivet is used, the whole of the rivet
being heated to redness and the end having the already formed head plunged into
water and thereby hardened, the other end to be rivetted being left red hot and
rivetted in the ordinary way.
I do not consider it necessary to describe in detail the casting process whereby I
make rivets having embedded in them wires or rods of steel highly susceptible of
hardening neither do I consider it necessary to describe the method of casting
whereby I form compound ingots from which are rolled long lengths or bars of mild
steel having in them longitudinal wires or rods of hardening steel from portions of
which lengths or bars rivets are formed by the forging process as the casting process
I employ differs in no essential respect from the casting process commonly employed
for like purposes. The method of supporting the wires or rods of hardening steel in
the mould in which the casting of the ingot is effected described and represented in
the specification of Letters Patent granted to me and Thomas Turner, dated the
21st day of October 1885 No. 12615 may however be conveniently employed.
Rivets are made from short lengths of the bars of mild steel having in them wires
or rods of hardening steel in the ordinary way.
In making according to my invention bolts and screws to be used in the
manufacture of safes, strong rooms and other like articles and structures, 1 proceed
in the ordinary way excepting that in place of employing bars or rods of
homogeneous iron or steel in the manufacture of the said bolts and screws I employ
bars or rods of mild steel having in them longitudinal wires or rods of hardening
steel as hereinbefore described with reference to the manufacture of rivets.
Although in manufacturing according to my invention rivets, bolts and screws for
safes and other like articles and structures I ordinarily harden the said rivets, screws
and bolts yet there are kinds of steel which are not softened by the heat of the
casting, rolling and forging processes hereinbefore referred to or are only softened to
so limited an extent by the said processes as to leave them sufficiently hard to resist
the action of a drill or boring instrument without being subjected to the hardening
process. When I employ steel of this kind in casting or rolling or forging rivets,
bolts and screws 1 dispense with the hardening process.

page_text: Although I have described the use of mild steel in manufacturing by the casting
process rivets bolts and screws according to my invention I do not limit myself to
the use of any particular kind of steel as various kinds of steel and cast iron may be
employed in carrying my invention into effect.
My invention is applicable to all parts of safes and strong rooms and to other
articles and structures where burglar proof plates are attached by riveting bolting or
screwing or in which rivets bolts and screws are employed in making .or building up
safes strong rooms and other like articles and structures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention
Making the rivets bolts and screws employed in the manufacture of safes strong
rooms and other like articles and structures of mild or other cast steel or iron
containing embedded in it wires or rods of hard steel whereby the said rivets bolts or
screws are made proof against drills or boring instruments substantially as herein
before described.
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