Improvements relating to Blasting.
Year: 1897

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 11 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883), as required by
the decision of the Chief Examiner of the 16th day of January 1899.
TRUVIDIONAL DIMUIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Blasting.
We, KYNOCH, LIMITED, Ammunition Manufacturers, and ALLAN THOMAS COCKING,
Engineer, both of Lion Works, Witton, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to blasting and has for its object to minimise the risk or
danger attendant upon blasting operations in mines and elsewhere by the reduction
of the temperature of the gases evolved by the explosion and the raising of the
flashing point by the dilution of the inflammable mixture.
In carrying our invention into effect in providing the charge for blasting we
employ wads made of wool or other absorbent material and of any desired form
which we introduce into the hole or recess in which the charge is to be fired arrang-
ing one, two or a series of wads at the bottom of the hole for the cartridge to rest
upon and one, two, or a series of wads above the cartridge or closing the hole after
the cartridge has been introduced thus placing the cartridge or firing charge between
two series of wads.
The wads is impregnated with ammonium chloride or other substance of similar
nature. We may protect both the outer surfaces of the wads or one of them or
otherwise stiffen the same by means of papier maché or other suitable material and
we may form the hole or holes through the same to enable a fuse or fuses to be
introduced through the wads into the cartridge or blasting charge.
Before however, introducing the wads into the firing hole we soak them in water
and when the shot is fired the explosion causes steam to be evolved from the wads
and the ammonium chloride to be so broken up as to cause the chloride and
ammonia to be liberated, the combined effect being to reduce the temperature of the
gases evolved by the explosion of the cartridge or charge and at the same time to
raise the flashing point of the inflammable mixture of gas and air which may be
present in the vicinity of the shot.
It is obvious that the wads may be impregnated with a substance other than
ammonium chloride but of like nature for attaining the same effect as hereinbefore
described.
1
J 1007
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.

page_text: We, KYNOCH, LIMITED, Ammunition Manufacturers, and ALLAN THOMAS COCKING,
Engineer, both of Lion Works, Witton, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to blasting and has for its object to minimise the risk or
danger attendant upon blasting operations in mines and elsewhere by the reduction
of the temperature of the gases evolved by the explosion and the raising of the
igniting point by the dilution of the inflammable mixture.
The means adopted to carry the invention into effect are illustrated in the accom-
panying sheet of drawings as follows:-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a blasting cartridge in position in a shot hole
with the improved device to minimise danger applied.
Figure 2 illustrates in section and side elevation the device removed from the shot
hole.
In carrying our invention into effect as illustrated in the drawings in providing the
charge for blasting we employ wads A made of wool or other absorbent material
which we introduce into the shot hole or recess in the rock B in which the charge or
cartridge C is to be fired, arranging either one wad A (as shown at Figure 1) or a
series of wads at the bottom of the hole for the cartridge C to rest upon. One,
two, or a series of wads A are placed above the cartridge C thus closing the hole after
the cartridge has been introduced and therefore placing the firing charge between the
two series of wads.
The wads A are impregnated with ammonium chloride or other substance of a
similar nature. We may protect both the outer surfaces of the wads or one of them
or otherwise stiffen the same by means of papier maché or other suitable material and
we preferably form holes D through the wads used in the front of the cartridge C so
as to enable a fuse or fuses 1 to be introduced through the said wads into the cart-
ridge or blasting charge C.
Before however, introducing the wads into the firing hole we soak them in water
and when the shot is fired the explosion causes steam to be evolved from the wads
and the ammonium chloride to be so broken up as to cause the chlorine and ammonia
to he liberated, the combined effect being to reduce the temperature of the gases
evolved by the explosion of the cartridge or charge and at the same time to raise the
igniting point of the inflammable mixture of gas and air which may be present in
the vicinity of the shot.
When the material of which the wad is composed is a substance liable to burn
after the explosion such as paper we find it advisable to add tungstate of soda or
borax to the impregnating solution to prevent this after burning and any suitable
substance producing this effect may be employed, and further it is obvious that the
wads may be impregnated with any substance other than ammonium chloride but of
like nature for attaining the same effect and all without departing from the subject
of our present invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood
that we are aware that blast shot holes have been stemmed or tamped by means of
flame cooling salts of different compositions, and further that stemming or tamping

page_text: by means of crushed common salt or flame cooling salt enclosed in a case or bag has
been proposed, and we do not claim such stemming or tampings but we declare that
what we claim is :-
1. In blasting operations providing one or more wads in the shot hole on either side
of the cartridge chemically impregnated in such a manner that, upon explosion the
temperature of the exploded gases is reduced and the igniting point of the gases
adjacent to the shot increased substantially for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
.
2. In blasting operations in which wads are constructed and used as claimed in the
preceding claim, soaking the wads in water immediately previous to their use to assist
their action substantially as herein before described.
3. In blasting operations in which wads of combustible material are constructed
and used as claimed in claim 1 an additional impregnation of the wad with
suitable chemicals to prevent the combustion of the wads, substantially as herein-
before described.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.