IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING FRAMES AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon and
Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 1, Rue Laffitte, Paris, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SPINNING FRAMES AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH." A communi-
cation from abroad by George Diaper and William Franklin Draper, both of
Hopedale, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
Sealed the 12th June 1877, and dated the 6th February 1877
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1877.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Fun of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Laffitte,
Paris "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING FRAMES AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE-
WITH A communication from abroad by George Draper and William Fıanklın
Draper, both of Hopedale, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
23
This Invention of improvements in spinning frames relates more especially to the
class of spinning frames known as ring frames
In ordinary ring spinning frames the drawing rollers and spindles started at a
certain speed of rotation continue to un uniformly at such speed until the bobbins
are filled
The strain to which the yarn is subjected in passing from the front
rollers under the traveller to the spindle or bobbin varies according to the angle
formed in the yarn as it passes under the traveller to the spindle oi bobbin This
strain or traveller draft is greatest when the yarn is wound directly upon the
spindle or empty bobbin and decreases as the spindle or bobbin becomes filled, the
angle in the yarn at the traveller, than decreasing owing to the increase of size
of the yarn load.
To produce yain perfectly even as to size and strength cach inch of yarn
delivered by the front rollers should have the same amount of draft to keep the
yarn of uniform size, and the same number of twists per inch This would be the
case if the surface on which the yarn was wound did not vary in size
When the bobbin is empty, or the yarn is wound near its barrel, the traveller
draft on the yarn is sufficient to stretch it below its proper size in passing from
Price 1el

page_text: the front rollers to the bobbin, and the yarn so stretched receives a less number of
twists per inch than it does when the diameter of the yarn load on the bobbin is larger
and the drag is less This yarn stretched by the draft of the traveller being smaller,
and having less twist, is rendered quite weak, and is liable to be broken in spinning
As the wound bobbin increases in diameter the traveller draft 19 decreased, the yarn
18 made larger or coarser, it receives more twist per inch than that wound at or near
the barrel of the bobbin, and for want of draft the yarn is hable to become
kinked
This
The twist put in a given length of yarn spun on a ring fiame is equal to the
number of revolutions of the spindle while the yarn is being delivered by the-1olls,
less the number of times the yain is wound around the bobbin, suitable allowance
being made for the stretching of the yarn A full bobbin 18 about one and one-half
inches in diameter, and an empty one as ordinarily made for filling about five-
eighths of an inch, so that when the bobbin is full one turn of twist is lost to about
four and one-half inches, and when empty one tuin to less than two inches
difference in strain or draft of the traveller and in twist makes it necessary, in the
first place, to put more twist into the yain than is desired, and, in the second
place, to use bobbin with a comparatively large barrel, both of which are serious
disadvantages, for hard twisted filling makes haid wiry cloth, rough to the touch,
and which in dyeing will not take color as well as cloth woven of softer spun yarn,
and the bobbin with large bariel, besides holding less yarn and unnecessarily
increasing the weight to be moved by the spindle and in the shuttle, makes it
necessary to stop the loom oftener to replace shuttles, thereby losing time, and
making more imperfect places in the cloth than would be the case if the shuttle
thread was longer
An ordinarily filling bobbin is provided at its lower end with a conical head
upon which the yain is wound in successive layers of about the length of and in
line with the surface of the cone, the diameter of each layer decreasing from the
diameter of the full to the diameter of the empty bobbin, and vice versa, during each
rise and fall of the 1ng rail, the latter sing a little higher and descending not quite
so far at each stroke, thereby building up the cone-shaped layers upon the bobbin,
leaving the yarn in layers adapted when the bobbins are in the shuttle to be readily
diawn off
When filling is being spun on the ing fiame the strun or diag on the yarn
increases, and the strength of the yun decreases constantly when the 1ng rail
11ses, and the strain decicases and the strength increases constantly when the rail
descends In spinning, much the larger proportion of ends that bicak, bieak neai
the bobbin
The object of this Invention is to automatically overcome the difficulties arising
from the unequal draft of the traveller by changing the speed of some or all of the
rollers of the set of drawing rollers with relation to the speed of the spindles during
the time that the yarn being spun is wound from the smallest portion of the
bobbin, or its bariel, to the outer layer of yain constituting a full bobbin, whether
these layers are wound for filling in conical layers from the bobbin outward to tho
outer diameter of the yarn load, and then back to the barrel or for warp bobbins,
the layers of yain then running in the duection of the length of the bobbin, and
To accom-
from end to end, each layer inci casing the diameter of the yarn load
plish this object, practically the change in speed, as the yarn is wound in coils or
layers of increasing diameter, must be made automatic, and when the 1eaches,
and is wound upon the outer or full portion of the wound bobbin, the speed of the
rollers must be again automatically changed, so as to operate upon the yarn to pre-
pare it as to size, or size and twist to be wound upon the bariel of the bobbin
this change in speed were not automatic an operator through carelessness might
neglect making the change, and the yarn would be less uniform than in the old
way
yarn
If
The drawing roller operating mechanism may be duectly or indirectly attached
with some part of the traverse mechanism or the ing or rail, so as to be changed

page_text: at the proper time, according to the diameter of the bobbin or yarn load thereon to
which the yarn is to be wound, or the speed of the rollers and spindles may be
changed to operate in unison with the transverse and the diameter of the bobbin or
yarn load by means of some proper shaft, cam, or lever operating to make the
change in speed at the proper times to overcome the action of the traveller draft,
and prevent it affecting the yain as to size, and so as to deliver such an amount of
yain in longth as will ensure a uniformity of twist and strength under the varying
conditions as to the size of the bobbin and yarn load upon which the yarn is being
wound
The Invention, as bei ein described, is applicable for spinning and winding on
bobbins with or without heads, and of any usual construction
This Invention is of value in ring spinning fiames for spinning both filling and
warp, and the Invention consists,—
In a ring spinning fiame provided with a traverse mechanism to wind the
yarn in cone-shaped layers from the outside of the yain load to the empty bobbin
or spindle, the combination of the spindles and diawing rollers with mechanism
adapted to automatically vary the speed of part of the rollers of the set with
1elation to the others and the spindles oi of all the rollers with relation to the spindles
during a or each complete ise and a, or each complete fall of the transverse rail
Also in a 1ing spinning frame provided with a transverse mechanism to wind the
yarn in cone-shaped layers from the outside of the yarn load to the empty bobbin
or spindle, the combination of spindles, and a set of drawing rollers and rings and
travellers with mechanisin to vary the speed of the spindles with reference to the
speed of all the rollers, or of the speed of the spindles and back rolls, with
reference to the speed of the front rolls at each complete use and each complete
fall of the traverse o ng aıl
Also in that improvement in the art or method of spinning on ring spinning
frames, consisting in automatically varying the speeds of the rollers with ielation
to each other and the spindles during each complete rising and falling movement
of the traverse rail to equalize the size of and twist in the yarn, as will be here-
aftor fully described
Also in the combination with speed changing mechanism adapted to vary the
relative speed of the rollers with relation to each other and the spindles, as described,
to equalize the size of and twist in the yarn at each complete rise and cach com-
plete fall of the ring rail or traverse of a cam to move the ring rail faster in
one direction than in the other to bind the yarn near the barrel of the bobbin
Also in the combination with the diawing rollers, spindles, and a traverse
mechanism of a speed changing mechanism applied to the back 1olls of the set of
diawing rollers, and adapted to be connected with and operated through the
tiaveise mechanism to effect the decrease of the motion of the back rolls while
the bobbins are being filled, and to automatically reset the speed changing mechanism
to its initial position when the traverse is turned back prior to again winding the
yain upon the barrel or small portion of the bobbin
Also in the combination with back rollers and spindles adapted to be run at
uniform relative speeds of front or delivery rollers adapted to be varied inde-
pendently and automatically in speed relatively to the speed of the back rollers and
spindles while the bobbins are being filled
Also in the combination with the drawing rollers, spindles, and traverse mechanism
of speed changing mechanism applied to the front rolls of the set of drawing
rollers, and adapted to be connected with and operated through the traverse
mechanism to effect the increase of the motion of the front rolls while the bobbins
are being filled, and to reset the speed changing mechanism to its initial position
when the traverse is turned back
Also in a traverse lever, its screw, and variable device to govern the extent or
extremes of motion of the ring rail in combination with a lever or member of the
speed changing mechanism, and with means to automatically operato such lever to
change the speed of the front rolls to their initial speed preparatory to commencing

page_text: a new set of bobbins through the movement of the variable device that governs
the throw of the ring 1ail, substantially as described
Also in a traverse lever, its screw, and variable device to govern the extent or
extreines of motion of the ring rail in combination with a lever or member of the
speed changing nechanısın, and with means to automatically operate such lever to 5
change the speed of the 1olls to then initial speed preparatory to commencing a new
set of bobbins through the movement of the variable device that governs the throw
of the ring rail, substantially as described
Also in the combination with spindles and front and back rolls, or either, of speed
changing or fast and slow speed pinions connected or geared positively with the 1
front and back tollers, or either, and adapted to automatically impart to such rollers
vailable speeds with relation to cach other to regulate the size of the yarn being
spun, or its size and twist
Also in the combination with the front and back rollers of the set of drawing
1ollers of fast and slow speed pinions having different numbers of teeth and 1
mechanism to automatically connect either of them with or disconnect either of
them with, or disconnect either of them from the drawing rollers to vary the speed
of the said rollers
Also in a spinning fiame provided with separate bands to connect and drive one
or two spindles from the spindle diving diuin, the combination with the bands of
independent rotating loosely held tension regulators or adjusters adapted to bear
against and tuin with the bands
Also in the stands or guides, cach slotted on two faces, in combination with tension
regulators or adjusters adapted to operate upon the hands, as will be fully described
Also in the combination with the two independent bands of a single tension
regulator adapted to 11de upon both bands
Also in the art of spinning yain on a ring spinning frame provided with rings,
travellers, and guide eyes, the method of twisting the yarn between the upper end
of the bobbin and the front rolls instead of between the traveller and front rolls,
substantially as described
Also in the combination with the traveller guide wire and front roller of a bobbin
extended up to or near the guide wire, and adapted to bear against the yarn being
spun or twisted, and to force the twist from the end of the bobbin to the front 1oll,
substantially as described
Also in a bobbin notched or loughened at its upper end to engage the yain, sub-
stantially as described
Also in the combination with the bobbin of a removeable top piece or extension,
substantially as described.
Also in a ing spinning fiame provided with a traverse mechanism to wind the
yarn in layers from end to end of a bobbin, with or without heads, the combination
of spindles and a set of drawing rollers and 1ings and travellers, with mechanism
to vary the speed of the spindles with reference to the speed of all the rolleis, or
of the speed of the spindles and back tolls with reference to the speed of the front
1olls while the bobbins are being filled, and to automatically reset the speed of the
spindles and back rolls to their initial speed for the commencement of new
bobbins
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Morgan-Biown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th
August 1877
Paus
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Fum of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Lafhtte,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING FRAMES AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE-
A communication from abroad by George Diaper and William Franklin
Draper, both of Hopedale, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America.
WITH"

page_text: This Invention of improvements in spinning frames relates more especially to the
class of spinning frames known as 1ng frames
In ordinary ring spinning frames the diawing rollers and spindles staited at a
certain speed of 1otation continue to run uniformly at such speed until the bobbins
are filled
The strain to which the van is subjected in passing from the front
rollers under the traveller to the spindle or bobbin varies according to the angle
formed in the yain as it passes under the traveller to the spindle or bobbin
strain or traveller draft is greatest when the yain is wound directly upon the
spindle or empty bobbin, and decreases as the spindle or bobbin becomes filled, the
angle in the yain at the traveller than decreasing owing to the increase of size of
the yalu load
This
To produce yain perfectly even as to size and strength, each inch of yarn delivered
by the front rollers should have the same amount of draft to keep the yain of
uniform size and the same number of twists per inch This would be the case if
the surface on which the yarn was wound did not vary in size
When the bobbin is empty or the yarn is wound near its barrel the traveller diaft
on the yarn is sufficient to stretch it below its proper size in passing from the fiont
1ollers to the bobbin, and the yarn so stretched receives a less number of twists pei
inch than it does when the diameter of the yain load on the bobbin is larger and
the ding is less This yain, stretched by the draft of the traveller, being sinallei
and having less twist is rendered quite weak and is hable to be broken in spinning
As the wound bobbin increases in diameter the traveller diaft is decreased, the yain
is made larger or coarser it receives more twist per inch than that wound at oi
near the barrel of the bobbin, and for want of diaft the yarn is liable to become
kinked
This
The twist put in a given length of vain spun on a 1ng frame is equal to the
number of revolutions of the spindle, while thɩ yain is being delivered by the rolls
less the number of times the yarn is wound around the bobbin, suitable allowance
being made for the stretching of the yain
A full bobbin is about one and one-half
inches in diameter, and an empty one, as ordinarily made for filling, about five-
eighths of an inch, so that when the bobbin is full one turn of twist is lost to about
four and one-half inches, and when empty one turn to less than two inches
difference in strain or draft of the traveller and in twist makes it necessary in the first
place to put more twist into the yain than is desued, and in the second place to use a
bobbin with a comparatively large bariel, both of which are serious disadvantages, foi
haid twisted filling makes hard wiry cloth, rough to the touch, and which in dyeing
will not take colour as well as cloth woven of softer spun yarn, and the bobbin with
large barrel, besides holding less yarn and unnecessarily increasing the weight to be
moved by the spindle and in the shuttle, makes it necessary to stop the looin oftener
to replace shuttles, thereby losing time and making more imperfect places in the
cloth than would be the case if the shuttle thead was longer
An ordinary filling bobbin is provided at its lower end with a conical head, upon
which the yarn is wound in successive layers of about the length of and in line
with the surface of the conc, the diameter of each layer decreasing from the diameter
of the full to the diameter of the empty bobbin, and, vice versa, during each rise and
fall of the 1ing 1ail, the latter sing a little higher and descending not quite so fai
at each stroke, thereby building up the conc-shaped layers upon the bobbin, leaving
the yain in layers adapted, when the bobbins are in the shuttle, to be readily
drawn off
When filling is being spun on the ring frame the strain or drag on the yarn
increases, and the strength of the yarn decreases constantly when the ring ail Ilses,
and the strain decreases and the strength increases constantly when the rail
descends In spinning, much the large proportion of ends that break, break near
the bobbin
The object of this Invention is to automatically overcome the difficulties arising
from the unequal draft of the traveller by changing the speed of some or all of the
rollers of the set of diawing rollers with relation to the speed of the spindles during

page_text: the time that the yarn being spun is wound from the smallest portion of the bobbin
or its barel to the outer layer of yain constituting a full bobbin, whether these
layers are wound for filling in conical layers from the bobbin outward to the out-
ward diameter of the yarn load and then back to the banel or for warp bobbins,
the layers of yarn then running in the direction of the length of the bobbin and
from end to end, each layer increasing the diameter of the yarn load To accomplish
this object practically, the change in speed as the yarn is wound in coils or layers
of increasing diameter must be made automatic, and when the yarn reaches and is
wound upon the outer or full portion of the wound bobbin the speed of the rollers
must be again automatically changed so as to operate upon the yarn to prepare it
If this
as to size or size and twist to be wound upon the bariel of the bobbin
change in speed were not automatic, an operator, through carelessness, might neglect
making the change and the yarn would be less uniform than in the old way
The drawing roller operating mechanism may be directly or indirectly attached
with some part of the transverse mechanism or the ring rail so as to be changed
at the proper time, according to the diameter of the bobbin or yarn load thereon to
which the yarn is to be wound, or the speed of the rollers and spindles may be
changed to operate in unison with the traverse and the diameter of the bobbin or
yarn load by means of some proper shaft, cam, or lever operating to make the
change in speed at the proper times to overcome the action of the traveller draft
and prevent it affecting the yarn as to size, and so as to deliver such an amount of
yarn in length as will insure a uniformity of twist and strength under the varying
conditions as to the sizes of the bobbin and yarn load upon which the yarn is being
wound
The Invention as herein described, is applicablo for spinning and winding on
bobbins, with or without heads, and of any usual construction
This Invention 19 of value in ing spinning frames for spinning both filling and
warp, and the Invention consists,―
In a ng spinning frame, the combination of spindles and drawing 1ollers with
mechanism adapted to automatically vary the speed of part of the rollers of the set
with relation to the others and the spindles, oi of all the rollers with relation to
the spindles during a, on each complete 11se and a, 01 each complete fall of the traverse
1ail
Also in a 1ing spinning frame, the combination of spindles and a set of diawing
rollers and rings and travellers, with mechanism to vary the speed of the spindles
with 1eference to the speed of all the 1ollers, or of the speed of the spindles and
back rolls with reference to the speed of the front rolls at each complete se and
each complete fall of the traverse or 11ng rail
Also in that improvement in the art or method of spinning on 1ng spinning
frames, consisting in automatically varying the speeds of the rollers with relation
to each other and the spindles during cach complete 11sing and falling movement
of the traverse 1ail to equalize the size of and twist in the yarn, as will be hereafter
fully described
Also in the combination with speed changing mechanism adapted to vary the
relative speed of the rollers with relation to each other and the spindles, as described,
to equalize the size of and twist in the yain at each complete rise and each complete
fall of the ring rail or traverse of a cam to move the ring rail faster in one direction
than in the other to bind the yain
Also in the combination with the drawing rollers, spindles, and a traverse
mechanism, of a speed changing mechanism applied to the back rolls of the set of
drawing rollers, and adapted to be connected with and operated through the traveise
mechanism to effect the decrease of the motion of the back rolls while the bobbins
are being filled, and to automatically reset the speed changing mechanism to its
initial position when the tiaverse is turned back prior to again wirding the yain
upon the barrel or small portion of the bobbin
Also in the combination with back rollers and spindles, adapted to be run at
uniform relative speeds, of front or delivery rollers, adapted to be varied inde-

page_text: pendently and automatically in speed relatively to the speed of the back rollers and
spindles while the bobbins are being filled
Also in the combination with spindles and front and back rolls, or either of
speed changing or fast and slow speed pinions connected or geared positively with
the front and back rolleis, or either, and adapted to automatically impart to such
rolleis vaiable speeds with relation to each other, to regulate the size of the yarn
being spun or its size and twist
Also in a spinning frame provided with separate bands to connect and dive one
or two spindles from the spindle diving druin, the combination with the bands,
independent 1otating loosely held tension regulators or adjusters, adapted to bear
against and turn with the bands
Also in the combination with a spindle, strengthened as herein-after described,
of a bobbin having but a single frictional adhesive beauing located at or near
its top
Also in the combination with a bolster of a spindle strengthened above the top
of the bolster and tapered as described, so as to carry at its top a bobbin and its
load at full speed without slip
Also in the combination with a bobbin, provided with a single fuctional ad-
hesive beating at or near its top, of a spindle and a stop within the bobbin or on
the spindle, to afford a small amount of space so that the bobbin may contre itself.
Also in the combination with a filling bobbin of a groove made within its base,
to be engaged by and released from the hook of the shuttle as the bobbin is turned
into or turned out from the shuttle, whereby the capacity of the bobbin is enlarged
and the cop waste is lessened
Figure 1 is a side view of a portion of a spinning fiame made in accordance with
the Invention
Figure 2, a plan or top view of the traverse' and its connection with the speed
changing mechanism
Figure 3, a side view with a portion of the frame cut away to illustrate the
gearing
Figure 4, a detail, showing the pinions connecting the front and back rollers.
Figure 5 shows the connection between the back and middle rolleis
Figure 6, a section through the drawing rollers, guide board, and ring rail
Figure 7, a detail of the driving cylinder and the connected goaring to change
the speed of and to operate the 1olls
Figure 8, a detail of the driven cone at the left of Figure 7.
Figure 9, an end view of the spinning frame, the frame end being omitted
Figure 10, a detail, showing the traveise in end view
Figure 11, a section through one form of bobbin, and the ring bolster and step
ails shewing in elevation an elongated bolster and a spindle
Figure 12, a section of a weft bobbin, showing the groove to receive the catch of
the shuttle
Figure 13, 13ª, 13b, 13ª, sectional details of shuttels provided with holding hooks
or springs adopted to engage grooves within the interior of the bobbins, they being
substantially as shewn in Figure 12
Figure 14, an end view of the frame.
Figure 15, an enlarged detail of the spindle and weft bobbin
Figure 16, a section of a quill bobbin to be employed when tho cylindrical wind
is used
Figure 17, a top view of a portion of the rolls and mechanism to operate the back
and middle rollers at a variable speed at a time between the commencement and
completion of a full bobbin, Figure 17ª, a front view thereof.
Figure 18 and 19, side and top views of the traverse mechanism, Figures 20
and 21, details of such mechanism
Figure 23, a detail, showing the lever moved by the traverse to move the parts
to change the speeds of the back and middle rollers.

page_text: Bus, sepiest an charged section and
variable speed gearing
CRAIOVA V
Figure 27, a view of one form of spinning frame looking down upon the cylinder
and bands, showing the tension regulators in position
Figure 28, a front and side elevation of the adjustable stands to hold loosely the
regulators that bear upon the bands
Figure 29, a modified form of tension regulators, and Figure 30, sectional views
of two bobbins, each being provided with an internal groove for the reception of
the shuttle hook or sping
The frame a of the machine is of any usual or proper shape to sustain the working
parts The main shaft b has applied to it the spindle diving cylinder c and a
pinion d, the latter gearing into an intermediate pinion e on a shaft f provided with
a pinion g that engages a toothed wheel h, which dives the back rolls through
pinion at the end of a sleeve 7 on the shaft of the front roll t This sleeve has
a pinion that engages with an intermediate pinion on a suitable stud, and the
intermediate having a pinion m at its side engages a pinion n on the shaft of the
back roll o Next to the pinion n on the back roller is a pinion ?, sec Figure 5,
which through an intermediate q drives the pinion fast on the middle roll s
The top rolls of ordinary construction are driven in the usual way by friction
The gear h engages another gear of equal size (not shown) placed behind the
gear u, Figure 9, and it through a system of geaning, such as just described, engages
and operates the back and middle rolls at the opposite side of the fame By this
construction the back and middle rollers are driven at a uniform speed
The gear
behind gear u, and of the same size, engages an intermediate w which meshes with
n gear fast on the cone y This cono has a belt 2 which extends over a reverse
cone 3, a finder 4 keeps the belt taut The diven cone 3 has a pinion 5, which
engages a gear 6, placed at the side of, and of the same size as the gear / before
described, one or both beung loose on the same shaft This geni 6 drives the fiont
roll through a gear 7 fast thereon, and it also engages the gear u before
mentioned, it being of the same size, and such gear 6 through gear 71 drives the
front roll at the opposite side of the franc These geais 6 and u denive then
motions from the driven cone, the speed of which may be varied at will according
to the position of the belt 2, and consequently the front rolls may be varied as to
then speed while the other 1olleis, as before stated, are duiven at a uniform speed
On the shaft 10, carrying the geu u, is a pulley 11, connected by belt 12 with
a pulley 13 on a stud 1+ This pulley 13 has a pinion 15 which engages gear 16
on the traveise shaft 17, it being provided with a heart 18, of iegulai form,
adapted to move the traverse lever 19 faster in one than in the other direction to
bind the yarn on the cop or bobbin It is preferred to cause the 1ing rail 20 to
descend faster than it ises This heart cam stinkes a roller stud 21 on and
depresses the tiaveise lever, and a weight or weights 22 elevate it in the usual way
The connection between the traverse lever and lifting iods of the 1ng rail is
made through a chain and levers in the usual way In this instance the chain 23
after passing around the pulley 24 is connected with a stud 25, having a screw-
threaded ear 26 engaged and operated by the screw 27 of the traverse, it being
tuined at each complete movement of the traverse by means of a pawl 28 placed to
engage a ratchet 29 at the end of the screw 27 Connected with this traveise
lever 19 is a second cham 30, which is extended over a pulley 31, and fastened to
an aim of a knee lever 32 pivoted at 33, the opposite end of the lever is connected
by chain 34 or otherwise with the belt shipper 35 In this instance the chain is
shown as connected with a stud on a collar 36 fast to the shaft 37 of the shipper
A spring 38, or equivalent, connected with the collar and the fiame of the machine,
moves the shipper when the traverse level rises In this way, as the traverse ises
and falls at each ascent and descent of the 11ng 1ail, the belt 2 is shifted upon the
cones y and 3, and the speed of the front roll is varied as may be desued
In the machine, as horein-before described, wherein the bobbins are wound after

page_text: the manner of the filling wind, the speed of the front rolls is increased whenever the
ring nail descends, the bobbin or winding surface then increasing in size, and is
decreased when the 1ng rail lises
When the bobbin or that portion on which the yarn is being wound decicases in
size, the front roller running at its slow speed increases the twist and the size of the
yarn at the roll to compensate for the extra strain of the traveller and the loss of
twist caused by winding on a surface of small diameter, as before stated As the
bobbin increases in size, there then being less strain on the yarn and less loss of
twist in winding on, the front roll is increased in speed, thereby reducing the size of
the yarn and the amount of twist at the roll, but equalizing both on the bobbin, and
producing yarn of uniform size and twist.
If it is desired only to increase and decrease the twist, then the cones, operated as
described, may be made to increase and decrease the speed of all the rolleis instead
of the front rollers alone, such rollers being then geared together so as to derive
then movement from the front rollers, as in ordinary spinning frames
If it is desired to change the diaft only, then the front roller will be moved at a
uniform speed, and the speed of the back and middle roller> will be changed through
change speed pinions of any suitable or usual construction, one such form being
shown in Figure 24, or by belted cones, the belt shifting in unison with the motion
of the traveise or of the ring rail, as her ein-before described
The spindles 40, shown in Figures 1, 15, and 16, are supported in long bolsters
extending within the bobbin, as in the English Patent, No. 737, for 1871 The
spindles are however somewhat modified, as shown clearly on a Luger scale in
Figures 15, 16, wherein the spindle is represented as enlarged above the bolster
bearing and tapered, so that the spindle is of sufficient size and of the proper taper
to dive the bobbin without slip by a single fictional adhesive bearing at its top
In spinning it is of the utinost importance that the top of the bobbin should run
as steadily as possible To accomplish this most desirable result a single bearing at
oi neat the extreme top is better than two bearings such as have been heretofore
generally used, one of such bearings being substantially cential, or at the bottom of the
bobbin With one bearing only, located at the top, the bobbin is more certain, when
dropped upon the spindle, to come into and remain seated in diving contact with
the tapering sui face of the spindle during its rapid rotation This strengthened spindle
and the bobbin having but one functional bearing, located at or near the top, may
be run steadily at a speed much greater than that of any spindle heretofore used,
this increased speed being so great that were the spindle and bobbin constructed as
heretofore cominon, the bobbin could not be retained upon the spindle This
increased steadiness of the top of the bobbin results in the production of better
yarn with less expenditure of power, and reduces the wear of the spindle step and
bolster
In the manufacture of spindles for ring spinning flames a certain taper has been
adopted as the proper taper to correctly drive the bobbin, and yet permit its easy
removal
It has been found by experiment that a quill bobbin of ordinary size with its load
applied requires that the portion of the spindle which dives the bobbin by fictional
adhesion should be at least 3/16ths of an inch in diameter
In the most approved form of ring spinning machines, as, for instance, in the
Patent before cited, two bearings have been used, the diameter of the spindle at
the lower bearing has been about '/h, and at the top bearing about 1/8th of an inch
If the lower bearing in such Patent were omitted, the spindle would fail to drive
the bobbin by its upper bearing alone, and if the top bearing were omitted, the
centre bearing being only used, the bobbin would not run as steadily at the top
The improved spindle herein described and claimed is at the top of the bolster
substantially of the diameter of the spindle in the Patent, No. 737, for 1871, or
from / to /ths of an inch It has been demonstrated by experiment that a spindle
of that size will run at high speed without objectional heat, and consequent
consumption of power.
16

page_text: A spindle above 5/16ths of an inch would be too heavy for the best results as to
speed and power when used with suitable bobbins for the production of medium
and fine yarn
The top of this improved spindle is substantially 3/16ths of an inch in diameter,
and commencing at that diameter at the top the surface of the spindle below it is
given the usual taper, the lower prolongation of which terminates at a point upon
the spindle above the bolster (the size of the spindle bearing in the bolster being
unchanged), whereby the spindle is made to present a proper extent of adhesive
sui face for contact with the bobbin bearing to drive it without slip, and at the same
time permit its ready application or removal This established taper, prolonged
from the spindle top of sufficient diameter to dive the bobbin by a single fictional
adhesive bearing upon such top, terminates in a spindle of suitable size for ordinary
ring spinning frames at a portion of the spindle above the top of the bolster, ordi-
naily about midway between the top of the bolster and the top of the spindle, and
the latter is consequently materially strengthened above the bolster
The bending of the spindle between the bolster and its top when running at high
speed has been a source of great annoyance, frequently resulting in throwing the
bobbin up from its seat or completely off from the spindle at any sudden increase of
speed caused by stopping part of the machinery, or other wise This difficulty is
completely obviated in a spinning frame provided with this strengthened spindle a¹
and bobbin with one top bearing
The bobbin 43, see Figure 15, is provided with a stepped or grooved base 41, or
shaped externally as are other filling bobbins, it is chambered at 45 to receive the
usual elongated bolster within it At or near its upper end it has a single frictional
adhesive bearing 46, made integial with or separate from it, and between such
bearing and the top of the bolster the bore of the bobbin is larger than the spindle.
The beauing 46 bears upon the tapening upper part of spindle, which is so
tapered and of such diameter that the bobbin and yain load are carried by the
spindle at full speed without slip
The spindle is made so strong above the top of the bolster without increasing its
Bize at the bolster bearing that it may be iun at very grent speed without being
bent out of vertical position at the top of the bolster
Figure 16 shows the improved spindle with a quill bobbin 48 applied to it, the
bobbin being in section Such Figure also shows the extended bolster in dotted
lines.
Between the upper beaning and the top of the bolster is preferably placed a
stop 47 to control the extent of the lateral vibration of the bobbin with reference to
the spindle A space opposite the stop permits some movement of the bobbin to
centie itself This stop, which also acts as a reinforce, may be attached to the
spindle instead of to the bobbin, or with a quill bobbin and a common short bolster
The spindle a¹ is made substantially cylindrical, and of the size of the bolster
hearing, where the proper taper prolonged from the top of the spindle (it there
being of sufficient diameter to drive the bobbin and its load without slip) would
terminate
In spindles heretofore made the uniform taper before described and considered
necessary has been prolonged from the top of the bolster to the top of the spindle,
thereby making them too small at the top to properly dive the bobbin and its
load.
The bobbin 43 has a groove b¹ made in the chamber at its lower end for the
reception of the hook c' of the shuttle, as shown in Figures
Bobbins for filling as heretofore made have been provided at then large or lower
ends with an external annulai groove to receive the bobbin retaining catch common
to loom shuttles. When winding such bobbins the yarn is not allowed to extend
quite to the grooved portion, for should the filling get therein the bobbin catch,
which must enter the groove, would break the yarn and make it necessary to stop
the loom In this way much time as well as yain is lost, and besides this loss the
quantity of yarn which can be put on such a bobbin is limited by reason of the

page_text: groove, for the yarn cannot be wound down at the base of the bobbin as far as it
otherwise could if the groove was unnecessary.
By omitting the groove the yarn may be wound lower down on the bobbin, and
be built farther out, and the bobbin may be made to contain very much moie yarn,
which is a great desideratum, as it prevents waste of time resulting from stopping
the loom and the spinning frame.
Instead of making the groove in the concaved portion of the chamber at the baso
of the filling bobbin, such groovo may be made in a tubular extension d¹, see
Figure 130 In this last case the shuttle hook will be made as at Figure 130
In all these shuttles the hooks c¹ are so held and combined with the shuttlo
spindles that they enter the grooves made for their reception in the interior rather
than at the exterior portions of the bobbins, as heretofore common, and so that when
the shuttle spindles are turned out from the shuttles the hooks will be caused to
assume such position with reference to the spindles as will permit the bobbins to be
applied to or to be removed from the shuttle spindles
Filling yarn spun directly upon these bobbins in the machine operating on the
pinciple herein described is wound so closely and snugly against the barrel of the
bobbin that the cop waste heretoforo common is almost wholly obviated
This
In Figures 17, 17, the front roller derives its motion from a pinion g¹, on a
shaft, driven by a band in any suitable way, the pinion gl engages an inter-
mediate that operates the gear 1 fast on the shaft of the front roller t
shaft has a long pinion m² that engages the teeth of toothed 11ngs 73, 83, of a fast
and slow speed pinion or differential gear adopted to operate a pinion t' that
engages a Iniger pinion w² on the shaft of the back roller o This back roller has
at its opposite end a pinion which rotates an intermediate in gear with a pinion on
the end of, and so as to rotate the middle rollei in unison with and in the same
direction as the back roller This fast and slow speed pinion acts as an intermediate
between the gears of the front and back rollers
"
Figure 24 represents the fast and slow speed pinion in section, Figure 25, a
section on line × × and Figure 26, a face view of one of the toothed portions
thereof The stud a², secured to the stand b, sustains the quill c, about which are
placed loosely the toothed rings or wheels 12, 8, and to the quill is secured tho
pinion. The face of the pinion 8 is provided with notches de (any suitable
number) to receive a pin e² connected with, and so as to be moved laterally to with-
draw the pin from the wheel 82 by the action of a lever 2, to be herein-after
described The pin and collar are moved in the opposite direction by a spring h²
connected therewith, as shewn in the Drawing The part 8 of the quill c³ has an
opening 62, in which is placed a friction roller 63, preferably thrown into the
smaller portion of such opening by a spiral or other spring 64 pressing against a
shoe 69 The part 61 of the quill has also a slot 65 through which passes the
pin e²
The toothed rim or slow speed pinion is mounted upon this enlarged portion
61 of the quill, as shown in Figure 24 It has at its periphery more teeth than has
the periphery rim or wheels, which is the fast speed pinion The number of
teeth to be used with these rims 7, 8, depends upon the difference in speed which
it is desired to produce between the front and back rollers, this depending upon the
roving, the size of the yarn to be produced, and the amount of drag The teeth of
the rims, 8, are engaged by the pinion m² on the front roller When the pin c
18 withdrawn, as shown in Figure 24, the fast speed pinion 8 is liberated, leaving it
fiee to be turned by pinion m² without moving any other part At this time the
slow speed pinion, also moved by the pinion m², causes the roller 63 in the part
61 to ride forward into the smallest portion of the opening 62, where it becomes
wedged, so that the slow speed pinion rotates the quill and pinion t², and operates
the back rollers at their slowest speed When the pin e² is in engagement with
the fast speed pinion s then the quill is driven positively by 8, and the pinion & drives
the back roller at its fastest speed. The quill, when it is moved by the fast speed

page_text: pinions, travels faster than this rim ², and the cylindrical roller 63 then falls into
the enlarged portion of the opening 62
When warp bobbins are being commenced the pin c² is in engagement with the
fast speed pinion s², and the back rollers are run at their fastest speed, reducing the
dift of the front rollers on the material between them, but at the proper tune
between commencing and completing winding the bobbins the pin C² is withdrawn,
thereby permitting the slow speed pinion 72 to operate and drive the back roller at
a slower speed The devices shown in this instance to throw the fast and slow
speed pinion into or out of operation consist of a lever 2, actuated by a lever
see Figure 17, it being connected with a vertical lever A connected as to its time
of motion for withdrawing the pin and changing the speed of the rollers by means
of mechanism connected with the traverse mechanism The upper end of the lever
22 is bevilled to permit it to be turned or moved into the groove 66, between the
cam g of the collar and the part 67 of the quill
The lever 19 of the traveise mechanism, its rack 1, rack moving worin m², and
pin n³, are of usual construction, and will be connected with and so as to move
the ring rail as common when spinning warp The cam o, to depress the traverse
lever, is of usual shape, its shaft 17 has a bevil wheel q³ engaged and moved by a
bevil pinion u on a shaft provided at its other end with a worm gear w², operated
by the woim on the shaft of the cone pulley ³, connected with a cone pulley a³
by a belt b', shown in dotted lines, and controlled by a belt shifter c³ on a sciow d³
provided with a ratchet wheel ³, which may be moved by a pawl ƒ³ when it is
desired to shift the belt
Cones are shown as employed to drive the traverso for the reasons that they
permit the speed of the traverse to be changed to accord with different numbers of
yarn, and they enable the traverse to be driven at different speeds whilst a set of
bobbins are being filled so as to lay the yain upon the bobbin an equal distance
apart on the different layers in a manner similar to laying roving on a bobbin hy a
fly fiame
The cones are useful for other purposes which will be appaient to
spinners The cone pulleys may be moved when it is desired to change the motion
of the lifting rail with relation to the fixed speed of rotation of the spindles by
throwing the pawl f³ into operation The normal position of such pawl being out
of engagement with the ratchet when the speed is not being changed The pawl
shown in the Drawing can operate the ratchet and belt in but one direction, but it
is evident that another ratchet with reveise teeth, and operated by another pawl 3
might be added, and then the belt might be shifted automatically at will in either
dnection. After the completion of each set of bobbins they are doffed or removed
from the spindles, and before a new set of bobbins can be properly commenced the
Sciew shaft m² must be turned back, a suitable key fitted to the end being
employed, thereby moving the rack 12 toward the outer end of the lever 19, increas- 4
ing the length of each lever sufficiently to move the ning ail far enough to
properly commence the new bobbins
Refering to Figures 18 and 19 it may be assumed that the bobbins have been
filled, and that the rack of the traverse is being moved out in the duection of the
allow preparatory to commencing a new set of bobbins Now, when the cam 4
reaches the lever ² of the speed changing devices it will move such level on its
fulcrum in the direction of arrow 2, Figure 23 This level, when moved out
by the cam, is locked or held out by a lock composed of a pin 73 on a 1od fitted to a
blocks, connected with the lever 19, a sping n³ holding the pin and 1od pressed
forward. This movement of the lever by the cam on the rack, the latter forming 5
part of the traverse mechanism moves the speed varying mechanism for the back
rollers so as to withdraw the pin c, connecting the fast and slow speed pinion,
thereby running the back rolls at then fastest speed through pinion 8³ for the com-
mencement of new bobbins
As the bobbing increase in size and the rack is moved toward the fulcrum o³ of 5
the lever 19 though the ratchet p³ and pawl q³, a pin 7 on the rack, and preferably
made adjustable, meets the inclined end m³ of the rod which carries the pin 7³ and

page_text: crowds it back, thereby removing the pin 73 from behind the lover, when a
suitable spring, represented at 1, Figure 17, and shown, as connected in this instance
with the level 2ª (but a spring may be connector with any other portion of the
lever equally as well) moves the lever to draw the pin e and disengage the parts
7,8, in order to decrease the speed of the back rollers, for the purpose before
explained By this arrangement it will be observed that the traveise mechanism
cannot be turned back or reset for the commencement of new bobbins without also
properly changing the variable speed mechanism for the rollers, and placing such
mechanism in its correct initial position for the commencement of new bobbins.
The pin may be connected with a small block u³ fitted in a groove in the rack
bar (see Figure 20), and the block and pin may be held in adjusted position by a
set screw w³ screwed into the block
The Specification has so far described but one plan of, and shown but one means
for forming the connection between the traverse mechanism and the lever k² for
operating the speed varying or changing mechanism The cam and the pin
on
the rack in connection with the lock constitute in this instance the connecting
mechanism between the traverse and the lever 12 that operates the speed changing
devices This upright lever is in this instance acted upon by projections upon
the rack bar or moveable part of the traverse lever that regulates the operative
length of the traverse and the distance through which the 1ing rail moves
It will be apparent to those skilled in the mechanic art that many different forms
of mechanical devices may be devised to positively operato either a fast or slow
speed pinion of the speed changing devices through some of the moving parts of the
traverse mechanism, whereby the speed changing mechanism may be changed while
the bobbins are boing filled and then be rechanged or reset to the speed necessary
to properly commence a new set of bobbins, this change last mentioned being
governed by the traverse as it is turned back before commencing a new set of
bobbins
Instead of the cam and pin and lock I inay connect the traverse lack through
links and elbow levels with devices for changing speed at the proper time, oi I may
make the connection with such devices through the cam o
Instead of employing the particular traveise lever and rack shown, I may employ
any other well known form of traverse wherein there exists the necessity of turning
or resetting a portion thereof after doffing the full bobbins, or before commencing a
new set of bobbins
In practice when this Invention is applied to the back rollers, the initial or
starting speed of such rollers or the speed at which they are run when the yain is
wound upon the empty bobbin for waip, or on the baie quill or cop, is the fastest
speed, and after running a certain time the speed is made slower for the purposes
before described In spinning, say a No 27 yain, it requies about five hours to fill
a set of bobbins, for about the fist hour the rollers will run at their initial or first
speed, and then the speed is made slower, but when the bobbins are filled then the
1olls must again run at the initial speed for new bobbins This change is made
dependent upon the resetting of the traverse
The term traverse is intended to cover and include any usual or proper device
to impart to the lifting or 1ing rail the usual motion
It has been described that the speed changing mechanism acting through the
traverse and its connections changes the speed of the rollers to then initial position
for commencing new bobbins between the time that the bobbins are full and new
bobbins are commenced This is the correct plan of operation, but it is expressly
understood that this Invention is not limited to this exact period of time at which
the speed is changed after the traverse is turned back This change of speed should
be made before or as the yarn is applied to the bobbins or spindles, but it is apparent
that the change might be made at some time immediately after the commencement
of the new bobbins instead of before they were commenced
It is very desirable in spinning machinery to make the tension upon each band
uniform so as to drive the spindle without the band slipping, and in doing this the

page_text: •
A
It is not uncommon
bands must not be so taut as to cause an unnecessary expenditure of power
lateral pull of 2 lbs on each spindle is about the force which each band should exert
to properly dive the spindle of an ordinary ring frame
however when putting on new bands to make them sufficiently light to exert a
lateral pull of fiom 8 to 10 lbs upon each spindle The average lateral pull of
most of the bands now running is not less than from 4 to 5 lbs on each spindle, or
more than twice the amount substantially necessary to properly dive them
In this Invention suitable stands or guides are an anged above the bands to keep
in place the tension iegulators or adjusters and cause them to bear upon the bands,
and resting their con they are moved by the bands These tension iegulators press
upon the band with sufficient force to give to each band substantially the amount
of lateral pull necessary to properly dive the spindles at all times
Figure 27 represents in top view part of a spinning frame illustrating the appli-
cation of the tension regulators theieto The two opposite sides of the frame are
shown merely to indicate the exact position of the parts at both sides of the
frame
Figure 28 shows an edge and front view of the guides or stands, Figure 29, a
modification of the tension regulator Each spindle is on it may be two adjacent
spindles are driven by an independent band c' Above the line of bands is placed
a series of guides or stands g' attached preferably adjustably in any suitable manner
to a support h³, which, in this instance, is a rod adapted to extend across the trame
near its upper part The lower ends of these guides or stands are slotted, as seen at
Figure 28, to receive the (preferably small) steel pivots or ends 2' of the spool-like
tension regulators 3', composed preferably of two annularly-grooved heads connected
by an axle
These tension regulators are preferably made of wood, and the heads are
separated far enough to permit the regulator to extend over one or two bands,
preferably two, for one stand can thus support the ends of two regulators The
edges of the guides on stands will preferably be supplied with bearing portions +,
of wood, raw lude, or equivalent material, to avoid lubricating the pivots turning in
contact with the portions 21, 24, of the bearing portions
In Figure 27 the upper portions of the bands ct are shown as extending from the
drum to the spindle in substantially a straight line, while the lower portions are
oblique to the dium, but similar bands (marked e") on the other side of the fiame
and duiven by the dium would run with these oblique portions, extending from the
top of the drum instead of the bottom
The tension regulators in Figure 27 extend over one band, each regulator resting
on two bands The axle of the tension regulator or adjuster should be at light angles
to the portions of the bands upon which the heads iest as the bands iun, and
consequently the tension adjusters at one side of the frame will occupy a position
oblique to the axis of the dium 6'
The stands g' are made adjustable on the rod to provide for this change of
position, or they may be otherwise suitably held
The annular grooved heads of the tension adjusters rest upon and tuin with the
bands, the guides or stands preventing them from moving forward or backward
Besides keeping the bands at their proper tension the bands by this plan may be
made to draw more upon the whai ves at the smallest portions
Instead of bearing on the upper portion of the bands the adjusters may be
pressed or borne upward against the lower portions of the bands, but it is preferred
to have them rest upon the bands by simply then own weight
The tension adjusters may have but one head, as shown in Figure 29, and at right
of Figure 27
A tension regulator adapted to bear upon two bands simultaneously acts to
equalize the power applied to the two different spindles, in case more power is
required to drive one than the other, or in case one band has a tendency to move
faster than the other the regulator will act to equalize then speeds
By constructing the regulator in this way it is possible to decrease the number of
regulators, stands, and pivots one half.

page_text: "Binders" or "tighteners" are in common use on belts, and to take up long bands
for driving spindles and other parts of machinery, but such binders have bearings in
boxes requning lubrication, which would render them useless for spinning bands,
while the tension regulatois herein described are loosely held and run in slots in
stands or supports, so constructed as to render lubrication unnecessary
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,―
In a ring spinning fiame the combination of spindles and drawing rollers with
inechanisin adapted to automatically vary the speed of part of the rollers of the set
with relation to the others and the spindles, or of all the rollers with relation to
the spindles during a or each complete rise, and a on each complete fall of the
traverse rail
Also in a 1ing spinning frame the combination of spindles and a set of diawing
rollers, and 11ngs, and travellers, with mechanism to vary the speed of the spindles
with reference to the speed of all the rollers, or of the speed of the spindles and
back rolls with reference to the speed of the front rolls at each complete rise and
each complete fall of the traverse or 11ng ail
Also in that improvement in the art or method of spinning on ung-spinning
fiames, consisting in automatically varying the speeds of the rollers with relation to
each other and the spindles duimg cach complete 11sing-and-falling movement of
the traverse ail, to equalize the size of and twist in the yarn, substantially as
described
Also in the combination with speed-changing mechanism adapted to vary the
relative speed of the 1ollers with relation to each other and the spindles, as described,
to equalize the size of and twist in the yarn at each complete 11se and each complete
fall of the ring tail or traverse of a cam, to move the ring inil faster in one direction
than in the other to bind the yain, substantially as described
Also in the combination with the drawing rollers, spindles, and a traveise
mechanisin of speed-changing mechanism applied to the back rolls of the set of
diawing olleis, and adapted to be connected with and operated through the
traverse mechanism, to effect the decrease of the motion of the back rolls while the
bobbins are being filled, and to automatically reset the speed-changing mechanism
to its initial position when the traverse is turned back prior to again winding the
yain upon the barrel or small portion of the bobbin, substantially as described
Also in the combination with back rollers and spindles adapted to be un at
uniform relative speeds of front or delivery rollers adapted to be varied independently
and automatically in speed relatively to the speed of the back rollers and spindles
while the bobbins are being filled
Also in the combination with spindles and front and back rolls, or either of speed
changing or fast and slow speed pinions connected or geared positively with the
fiont and back rollers, or either, and adapted to automatically impart to such rollers
variable speeds with relation to each other to regulate the size of the yarn being
spun, or its size and twist
Also in a spinning fiame provided with separate bands to connect and drive one
or two spindles from the spindle-driving drum, the combination with the bands of
independent rotating loosely held tension regulators or adjusters adapted to bear
against and turn with the bands
Also in the combination with a spindle, strengthened as described, of a bobbin
having but a single fractional adhesive bearing located at or near its top
Also in the combination with a bolster of a spindle strengthened above the top of
the bolster, and tapered, as described, so as to carry at its top a bobbin and its load
at full speed without slip, substantially as set forth
Also in the combination with a bobbin provided with a single frictional adhesive
bearing at or near its top, of a spindle and a stop within the bobbin, or on the
spindle, to afford a small amount of space, so that the bobbin may centie itself,
substantially as described.

page_text: Also in the combination with a filling bobbin of a groove or equivalent within
its base, to be engaged by and released from the hook of the shuttle as the bobbin
is turned into or turned out from the shuttle, whereby the capacity of the bobbin 18
enlarged and the cop waste is lessened
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of our Loid One
thousand eight hundred and seventy seven
HYTTY TAT
MORGAN BROWN
1701
WILLIAM MORGAN BROWN. (LS)