AN IMPROVED SOLVENT OBTAINED BY THE DISTILLATION OF CRUDE TURPENTINE
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED SOLVENT OBTAINED BY THE DISTILLATION OF
CRUDE TURPENTINE."-A communication from abroad by Richard
Lloyd of New Orleans Louisiana. United States of America.”
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 20th August 1873, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton Build-
ings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
"and have
SOLVENT OBTAINED BY THE DISTILLATION OF CRUDE TURPENTINE,
petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have
made solemn Declaration that it, has been communicated to me from
abroad by Richard Lloyd, of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of
America.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement.
The present Invention consists in producing a solvent not hitherto
known or used in the arts. The solvent. which constitutes this In-
vention is a product resulting from the distillation of crude turpentine at
an exceedingly low temperature and the separation of the pyroligneous
acid water therefrom while in vapour. The low temperature at which
I am enabled to properly liquidize the crude material and then vaporize
the same is mainly attributable to the fact that the crude material from
the instant it is placed in the tub until its proper liquidization is effected is
subjected to such an agitation as will ensure the positive and continuous
disintegration of the material, and which causes it in broken particles
to be submitted to the action of the heat or steam, or both combined,
the liquidized material being fed to. the still in such quantities as will
ensure its most rapid evaporation.
The apparatus described in the Specification of my former Letters
Patent, bearing date the third day of July, A.D. 1873. No. 2311, is
best adapted to produce such a solvent as is the subject matter of my
present application, as the liquidizing tub therein described with its form
and arrangement of an agitator or stirrer. The heating coil and
independent steam jets through their combined action, as experience has
abundantly demonstrated, ensure a rapid liquidization of the crude
turpentine, and at a degree of heat never before essayed, and also the
form and arrangement described in the same Specification, that is, a
still provided with a superheating steam chamber and a cone-shaped
worm so connected with the chamber as to be supplied with super-
heated steam therefrom, and which furnishes an immense vaporizing
surface within the still are admirably adapted to such a vaporization of
the liquid as I desire. Especially is this the case when the still is used
in connection with an intermediate chamber or reservoir which permits
of the liquidized material being gradually fed to the still, and in such
quantities as to ensure its evaporation at the lowest possible degree of
heat, and in addition to the means described in my said former
Specification, whereby the vapor as rapidly as generated is fed to the
separator, no matter at what stage of the process or in which vessel the

page_text: same may be generated is a great advantage in the production of the
solvent, as by this means no portion of the material is for an instant
longer than is absolutely necessary subjected to the action of heat.
While for the reasons herein given no apparatus could be better adapted
to accomplish the object incident to the first stage of the process of
producing the solvent, that is the vaporizing of crude turpentine at the
lowest possible degree of heat than the devices herein referred to.
I wish it distinctly understood that there is nothing arbitrary about
the use of these devices or appliances, as the ordinary still and goose
neck or any other apparatus which will effect the proper evaporation of
the crude material may be employed. But I prefer to use the apparatus
described in the said former Specification, as it vaporizes the crude
material in less time and at a degree of heat far below that at which
any other apparatus with which I am familiar will or does accomplish
the same result. But this evaporation of the crude material is not by
any means the chief or leading principle involved in this Invention.
And as the ordinary article of commorce known as spirits of turpentine
is always a product resulting from the vaporization of the crude
material there is of course nothing new in the simple idea of vaporizing
the crude turpentine to produce the solvent hercin-after claimed, except
in this single particular I vaporize at a degree of temperature so
low that all the vital elements of the crude material are preserved, or
in other words no vital and valuable element contained in the crude
material is destroyed or burnt out, as is the case in the ordinary processes
of distillation where the crude material to secure its vaporization is
for a long period of time subjected to most intense heat. But as I have
said this evaporation while a necessary step is not the chief or leading
one to which the solvent property of the product which I obtain from
crude turpentine is mainly due. This is due to the separation of the
pyroligneous acid water from the turpentine while in vapor, and this
object I accomplish by means of an alcohol or any other suitable
separator. And the separation of the water from the condensed vapor
by an arrangement of vessels such as described in my aforesaid Specifi-
cation may be advantageously resorted to in order to ensure a pure
article.
This solvent is admirably adapted for the dissolving of all resins in the
manufacture of varnish and when fresh and nume will

page_text: atmosphere and without the employment of any additional ingredient
such as alcohol, a property possessed by no other solvent known, and
it avoids the expensive and exceedingly dangerous process of boiling,
as practiced in the manufacture of all turpentine varnishes. Varnishes
made with my solvent are not therefore dangerous to manufacture, and
as no alcohol or other such expensive ingredient is used they are
exceedingly cheap, and are as tough and durable as oil varnishes; and
they are of a light color and flexible, and dry as rapidly as any
turpentine varnish.
This improved solvent is most admirably adapted for the manufacture
of paints as it mixes readily with oil and will prove a superior and cheap
menstruum for liquidizing oils and preparing paints without in the
slightest degree affecting the most delicate colors, and will from its ready
evaporation leave the paint to dry rapidly.
This solvent for all the purposes of the arts as well as for medicinal
purposes is far superior to either the spirits or oil of turpentine, and for
the latter is without redistillation superior in all its properties to the
oil of terebinthinae or the turpentine of commerce redistilled over
potash.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim the herein described solvent, as
and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
Witness,
HENRY J. NOONE,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)