Improved Devices for Joining together Screwed Metal Pipes and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th June, 1900-Accepted, 28th July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Devices for Joining together Screwed Metal Pipes and the
like.
I, JAMES CHISHOLM, of the Saracen Tube Works, Washington Street, in the
City and County of the City of Glasgow, Tube Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:
-
It relates to devices of the nature of screwed couplings or union joints for com-
bination with screwed metal pipes for steam, water, gas or other purposes; which
pipes are joined together in various lengths and otherwise connected to, with,
and by means of such devices. These devices are also applicable to taps, valves,
cocks and other fittings for connecting purposes. The principal objects of the
invention are:-
First, to render each such screwed joint proof against leakage under high
pressure.
Second, to effect perfectly tight joints upon pipes occupying positions which
are difficult of access.
Third, to effect perfectly tight joints upon pipes and fittings with ease and
rapidity.
In carrying out one modification of this invention a strong metal socket piece
is constructed with a screw-threaded bore and round, hexagon or other shaped
exterior. A portion of the bore, at each end, is cut away or recessed to receive
packing or jointing material. The inner ends of these recesses are conical in
form for the purpose of forcing the packing centripetally upon the screw-threaded
pipe when the joint is tightened.
A gland nut is fitted with precision into each of the above named recesses;
the head or nut being, by preference, hexagon in form: the gland portion is plain
on the outside and screw-threaded within to fit the screwed pipe. The inward
end of each gland is bevilled so as to press the packing into the recess with a
V shaped face in preference to a square one.
When two screw-threaded hard metal pipes are to be joined together by means
of these devices the process is as follows:-
A gland nut is fitted upon the screw-threaded end of each pipe and a lead
wire, washer or other packing material is inserted in each recess of the socket
piece. Each pipe is then screwed into the stock part of this coupling and the
gland nuts are screwed home with a spanner or other tool.
As the packing or jointing material (lead wire being preferred) is forced into
the head of the recess it is compressed between the two conical faces. The
bevilled end of the gland operates as a wedge, when forced home against the
packing or jointing material, pressing it inwards upon the pipe with centripetal
force.
A slight modification of the invention comprises the strong metal socket piece
and gland nuts as before described but instead of the gland nuts being bevilled or
V shaped on their inner ends they are turned square and a loose bevilled washer
or ring shaped wedge with plain bore is fitted upon each pipe or within each recess
Lefore the pipes are screwed into the socket piece. Each of these ring shaped

page_text: wedges bears upon the packing with a conical or V shaped face similarly to the
gland nuts before. described but these rings do not move round with the gland
nuts when the latter are screwed home.
A further modification comprises the aforesaid socket piece, also screwed nuts
and plain bore glands with bevilled ends; these glands are separate from their
nuts.
Dated this Prontu fifth Jan
1000
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
263, Argyle Street, Glasgow,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
*Improved Devices for Joining together Screwed Metal Pipes and the
like.
I, JAMES CHISHOLM, of the Saracen Tube Works, Washington Street, in the
City and County of the City of Glasgow, Tube Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
It relates to devices of the nature of screwed couplings or union joints for com-
bination with screwed metal pipes for steam, water, gas or other purposes; which
pipes are joined together in various lengths and otherwise connected to, with
and by means of such devices. These devices are also applicable to taps, valves,
cocks and other fittings for connecting purposes. The principal objects of the
invention are:-
First, to render each such screwed joint proof against leakage under high
pressure..
Second, to effect perfectly tight joints upon pipes occupying positions which
are difficult of access.
Third, to effect perfectly tight joints upon pipes and fittings with ease and
rapidity.
The invention will be better understood if reference is made to the accompany-
ing drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 is a view in elevation and section of a metal coupling piece made
in accordance with this invention.
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are views in elevation and section shewing details of this
invention.
Figure 5 is a view, partly in elevation and section shewing the manner in
which these coupling devices are combined when in use.
Figure 6 is an external view in elevation exhibiting these coupling devices
in use.
Similar letters of reference and numerals throughout the illustrations indicate
corresponding parts.
In carrying out one modification of this invention, a strong metal socket
piece A, Figs. 1, 5 and 6, is constructed with a screw-threaded bore a¹ and round,
hexagon or other shaped exterior, a², a³. A portion of the screw-threaded bore al at
each end of the socket piece is cut away or recessed, as shewn at a Fig. 1, to
receive packing or jointing material and a gland. The inner ends as of these
recesses a are conical, bevilled or countersunk in form for the purpose of forcing
the packing B, Fig. 5, centripetally upon the screw-threaded pipe C when the
joint is tightened.
A gland and gland nut, D. to Figs. 2 to 6 is or are fitted with precision to

page_text: or into each of the above named recesses at; the head or nut being, by pre-
ference squared or hexagon in its external form; the gland portion, Fig. 2,
is plain or smooth on the outside and screw-threaded within to fit the screwed
pipe C. The inward end of this gland in countersunk or bevilled so as to press
the packing B into the recess a³, with a V shaped face in preference to a
square one.
When two screw-threaded hard metal pipes C, Figs. 5 and 6 are to be joined
together by means of these devices the process is as follows:-
A gland nut D, d¹ to is fitted upon the screw-threaded end of each pipe C,
Figs. 5 and 6, and lead wire, washer or other packing material B, Fig. 5, is
inserted in each recess of the socket piece A. Each pipe C is then screwed
into the stock part of this coupling A and the gland nuts I to are screwed
home into the recesses a with a spanner or other tool.
As the packing or jointing material B (lead wire being preferred) is forced
against or into the tapering head of the recess at it is compressed between the
two conical or bevilled faces a, 3 as shewn in Fig. 5. The bevilled end of
the gland operates as a wedge, when thus forced home against the packing
or jointing material B, pressing it inwards upon the screw-threaded pipe C with
centripetal force.
A slight modification of the invention comprises the strong metal socket
piece A and gland nuts 1), 2 as before described but instead of the gland nuts
1) being countersunk, bevilled or V shaped on their inner ends, as shewn in
Fig. 2, they are turned square as shewn in Fig. 3 (and in my former British
Patent No. 23992 of 1893) and a loose (or separate) bevilled washer or ring
shaped wedge, Fig. 3, with smooth or plain bore is fitted upon each pipe C
or within each recess at before the pipes C are screwed into the socket piece A.
Each of these ring shaped wedges bears upon the packing B with a conical
hevilled or V shaped face similarly to the gland nuts D to before described
but do not move round with the gland nuts D or when the latter are screwed
home.
A further modification comprises the aforesaid socket piece A, also screwed
nuts, Fig. 4, and plain or smooth bore glands having countersunk or bevilled
end; these glands d, are separate from their nuts ¹.
The glands, and facing ring Figs. 2 to 6 are fitted with precision into
the plain or smooth sockets a, so that they may be fitted therein without
slackness; and when each, either or any of them is fitted upon a pipe C contained
in the socket piece A as shewn in Fig. 5, and screwed home against the lead or
soft metal packing B, the latter is crushed between the bevilled surfaces 5 and
, and is thereby forced into the screw-threaded joint with such a tight impact
as to be impervious to water, steam or gas, even when under high pressure.
The general purposes of this invention are the same as those which were.
described in connection with my former British Patent No. 23992 of 1893; but
in this present invention I have combined several additional devices for effecting
the aforesaid purposes more effectually than I found practicable with my former
ones.
I am aware that, prior to my invention, stuffing boxes with glands and packing
therefor have been combined with machinery and various appliances for effecting
tightness in spindles, shafts and rods moving in seats; it will therefore be under-
stood that I do not claim any of these things broadly as my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The improved devices for joining together screwed metal pipes (and the
like) comprising a socket piece A, having a screw-threaded bore a with bevilled
ot champher ended smooth bore sockets a, a and the screw-threaded glanl
nuts D), “¾¹³, № with smooth, countersunk, bevilled or champhered ends all

page_text: substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 5 of the drawings
or any mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
Second. In devices for joining together screwed metal pipes (and the like) a
metal socket piece A with screw-threaded bore a¹ and bevilled or campher ended
smooth bore sockets. a, a all substantially as herein described with reference to
Figs. 1 and 5 of the drawings or any mere modification thereof for the purposes
.specified.
Third. In devices for joining together screwed metal pipes (and the like) the
combination with the socket piece A, a a³ of a screw-threaded gland nut D
with countersunk, bevilled or champhered end all substantially as herein
described with reference to Figs. 1, and 5 of the drawings, or any mere modi-
fication thereof for the purposes specified.
Fourth. In devices for joining together screwed metal pipes (and the like) the
combination with a socket piece A to a5 of a screw-threaded gland nut D, d', d²
and a countersunk, bevilled or champhered ring all substantially as herein de-
scribed with reference to Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings or any mere modification
thereof, for the purposes specified.
Fifth. In devices for joining together screwed metal pipes (or the like) the
combination with a socket piece A, a', a³ of a plain or smooth bore gland with
countersunk, bevilled or champhered end and a screw-threaded nut d'all
substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings
or any mere modification thereof for the purposes specified.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of June 1900.
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
263, Argyle Street, Glasgow,
Agent for the Applicant.