Improvements in and relating to Appliances for Feeding and Burning Oil in Steam Boiler and other Furnaces.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Appliances for Feeding and
Burning Oil in Steam Boiler and other Furnaces.
We, ALLAN STEWART, and CHARLES STEWART of Port Eglinton Brass
Foundry, in the City and County of Glasgow, and JOHN FARMER, Engineer of
147 St. Andrews Road, Pollokshields, Renfrewshire, do hereby declare the nature
of our invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, that is
to say:
This invention has for its object improvements in and relating to apparatus for
generating steam in marine boilers, though applicable also to locomotive and other
land boilers and furnaces and mainly consists in an improved mode and means or
devices for feeding, or regulating the flow of air and oil to the furnaces, and for the
better mixing, spraying, and burning of the same, instead of, or to be used in
combination with, coal or other fuel, being essentially additions to or developments,
of our prior application for Patent No. 3432, 16th February 1893.
Referring first to the arrangement of spraying nozzles or burners and their
supply oil tank, described in our aforesaid prior application for Patent, we find.
from experience, that much trouble is caused through the loss of pressure of oil on
the spraying nozzles, due to loss of head through consumption of the oil, which
causes the burners to require a considerable amount of attention and adjustment to
ensure their proper efficiency. To obviate this trouble we now maintain a constant
head of oil over the burners, or we supply a head combined with an added pressure
which can be regulated by the engineer or attendant in charge, or where the oil
supply tank is about or under the level of the burners, we supply a pressure which
can be varied at will of the attendant, so that more or less oil may be forced,
through the burners to increase or decrease the flame. The intention of these
arrangements is that once the burners are properly set as to the due supply of oil
an air they are all equally affected by the one operation of putting on or
withdrawing pressure and this save the trouble of adjusting each barner separately!
and which is troublesome where a number are in operation.
And in order that our said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, we have hereunto
appended six sheets of explanatory drawings in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figures 1 to 6 on Sheet I represent sectional views showing various modified'
arrangements for regulating the pressure of air and oil for feeling the burners.
Figures 7, 7, 8 and 9 on Sheet 2 show sectional views of three modified
constructions of the air and oil combining and inducing nozzle apparatus.
Figure 10 on Sheet 3 is a front elevation of the furnaces of two boilers, showing
one general arrangement of our improved appliance for feeding and burning oil with
either air or steam pressure, and Figure 11 a corresponding view in which the
furnaces may work with induced draught. Aud
Figure 12 is a detached view illustrating an arrangement for heating the
pressure fluid, or alternatively supplying a pressure of steam instead of air.
Figures 13 to 16 on Sheet 4 show longitudinal and end sections of boilers with
modified arrangements of our improvements; and
Figures 17 and 18 show vertical and horizontal sections of a haystack boiler with
the oil fuel fittings applied thereto. While
Figures 13 and 13 on Sheet 5 are sectional views showing modified arrange-
ments of our improvements.
1

page_text: Figures 19 and 20 on Sheet 6 show rertical and horizontal sections of a jacketted
oil tank with the jacket space as filled with fluid in accordance with our
improvements.
Figures 21 to 24 show views of our arrangements for regulating or shutting off a
supply of oil to the burners, simultaneously as the steam is shut off from the engine
or engines.
Referring to these drawings:-One modification for regulating a uniform pressure
of the oil consists as shown in sectional elevation Figure 1 Sheet 1, in fitting to
the lower part or underside of the oil tank A, a pipe a', which would be led up
and fitted to the bottom of a small water supply cistern a placed overhead. This
cistern may have a usual regulating ball valve in it to admit water as the
oil was drained out of the cistern to the burners and which water led from any
source would flow down the pipe a' and into the main oil tank A keeping the oil b
pressed up by its lighter gravity to the top of tank, or the small cistern a² as
illustrated may simply have an inlet water pipe a³ and an overflow pipe af and thus
give a uniform supply and pressure of oil from the top of the tank A. The oil
would be pressed up to and taken from the top of main tank A by the branch
pipe feeding the burners, and the water would be run off through the cock
before it reached the top of tank A and before the oil was entirely exhausted.
Gauges to show height of oil and water would be provided outside the tank, and
oil supply pipes, and air casing supplied when desired, as described in the Specifi-
cation of the aforesaid prior application for Patent.
C
By another or alternative arrangement, as shown in the elevation Figure 2,
we connect an air pipe e from the top of a compressed air receiver C, or from a
connection on the air pressure supply pipe as shown in Figure 10, regulated by
a valve C to the top of the oil tank A. To the air pipe e between the regulating
valve C and the top of tank A, we connect a branch pipe e and fit on to it a
regulating valve at any convenient part. The end of this branch pipe c² is left
open and led into stoke hold or any place convenient. When the valve C ou the
air pipe is opened the compressed air is admitted to tank A, to press on top of
oil with its full pressure. Should the pressure require to be lessened, to cause less
oil to be forced through the burners, the valve on branch pipe c is opened which
allows part of the compressed air to escape, and decreases the pressure of air on
the top of oil in tank A, causing thereby less oil to flow through burners. The
pressure of air on the oil is readily indicated by a mercurial column as indicated
at e, in Figure 2, or a pressure gauge as indicated at 3, in Figure 10, connected
to the branch pipe c, or it might be to the air pipe e, at any convenient place
between valve and tank.
Instead of thus controlling the air pressure regulating valve by hand this may
be done automatically such as by a float in the cistern having adjustable lever
connections to said valve so that a uniform pressure may always be maintained.
By one arrangement, as shown in sectional elevation in Figure 3, and in plan
view Figure 4, this may be effected by passing a cord or chain 1 from the Hoat D
in cistern A over a grooved pulley D3 and having a balance weight D2 attached to
the other end of cord D. A screw or worm would be mounted eccentrically at d
on the pulley spindle D', and a screw wheel d'on the spindle 2 of regulating
valve would gear into this worm d, so that when the float D₁ descended in
cistern A the pulley D³ would be turned with it, and by the gear wheels d, d
would operate the spindle 2 to close the valve e and close the air escape pipe to
a corresponding extent, and thus always maintain a uniform pressure of air on the
oil in cistern A. A bow or other shaped handle 3 would be attached to eccentric
worm d so as to put this out of gear with the screw wheel on valve spindle d
when filling the cistern A with oil. Or by an alternative arrangement, as shown
in plan view Figure 5, the pulley D³ would be mounted on its spindle D and have
a helical spring and nut at d, to cause the side surface of pulley D³, to act
against a face wheel or pulley do, on spindle 2 of valve c', so as to close the
latter as the font D' descended, and the face wheel de would be made adjustable

page_text: on spindle and fixed in any desired position by a pineling screw do, so as to be
able to give a variable speed to valve spindle at will of operator.
When it is not convenient to place the oil supply tauk A above the level of the
oil burners, one or more tanks A' may, as shown in elevation Figure 6, be placed
at any higher level, and connected together by a pipe A2, or pipes at their bottom,
and be fitted with oil supply sludge pipes and gauges. To the underside of one of
the tanks as A we.connect a small pump B actuated by steam air or other pressure
fluid, which draws the oil from the bottom forcing it up the pipe A² connected to
the small closed high level service oil cistern A³, which would be conveniently
placed in the engine room or beside the attendant, to give a uniform service head
or pressure of the oil. To the under part of the small oil vessel, we fit a cock or
valve A³, communicating, when a number of nozzles are in use, with a common
service pipe E, and from this pipe.we lead small oil supply pipes E' to the nozzles
fitted to furnace fronts, and each having a regulating valve E, placed at any
convenient part. Towards the top of the small oil vessel A' we fit an overflow
escape pipe A, regulated by a small tap A, and leading to top of oil tank A to
maintain a uniform level of the oil. To the top of the small oil vessel A' we fit a
pressure gauge A, and an escape or safety valve may be placed anywhere on pipe
or oil cistern to allow of any excessive pressure to escape back to oil tank. Upon
the small steam pump B being set in motion the oil is forced into the oil service
cistern A, and the pressure accumulating is indicate by the gauge All, and by
opening the small tap A of the escape pipe A, the pressure is released and any
extra pressure can be maintained as desired through this regulation.
As a uniform extra pressure can be maintained in this way quite independent of
the air pressure raised to work the nozzles, and as it can be easily obtained in
excess of the air pressure, we also make an arrangement, as shown on the right
hand side of Figure 6, whereby we force the oil through the pipe E' amongst the
air at any point of the compressed air pipe C', before it reaches the burners or
nozzles and we thus ensure a thorough mixing of the oil with the air; and to
further insure this we put a baffic box For a number of them where the oil pipe E¹
and air pipe C meet, and these baffle boxes would preferably have diaphragms
of very fine gauze fitted in them through which the oil and air would be made to
pass, and these boxes F would have covers F to screw off, so that handy access
might be had for taking out and clearing the gauze or other material which was
used for this purpose.
In case of the steam pump going wrong, we may fit
on a small hand pump to be used while the steam pump was being put right.
By a further improvement in the nozzle burner over that described in our
previous application for Patent, we now, as shown in sectional elevation Figure 7
Sheet 2 make a jet nozzle having an annular space or ring for the exit of the
compressed air and oil with the view of having a better and more intimate mixture
and spraying of the oil at a lower air pressure, and also to have a better effect in
inducing a proportion of atmospheric air into the centre and the outside of the
film or ring of compressed air and oil and thus make a better flame and give more
heat with less liability to smoke. To effect this we form, as shown in Figure 7, an
annular case H with inlet air branch H bored inside taperwise at its discharge
end H2, and parallel at top H", into which a hollow central taper or trumpet nozzle H³
is screwed and fixed by a jam nut H, or otherwise, for taking in a supply of
atmospheric air, and which by being screwed backward or forward its inner end
enlarges or contracts the ring or annular jet of compressed air forced through at H2.
To insure that the annular ring of air is equal all round, guides H are cast on the
outside of the internal nozzle H. Underneath or further in the circular case H is
cast another annular close cavity h, with an inlet to it for the oil, and a
communication betwixt the cavity and the inside of the throat of nozzle is formed
by a circular narrow slot over which the oil runs on its being fed in. A tapering
socket or nozzle piece ³, is screwed in under this, and enters the open trumpeted
mouth piece of a tapering delivery pipe I, bent at bottom I and fixed to furnace
front Z. Atmospheric air is induced in at the hollow central taper nozzle H³, and

page_text: also annularly at the mouth 11 of tapering delivery pipe I, by the compressed air
being forced through the annular orifice at H, as before described; and in order
that the oil and air may be thoroughly mixed in this tapering delivery pipe I, we
may cast or fit in it segmental projections 13 inside, as shown in Figure 7 and in the
sectional view Figure 7, to baffle the oil and air on its way to the furnace.
This nozzle instead of being placed in a vertical position, as in the above
arrangement Figure 7, may be placed and play into the furnace at an angle, or it
may be horizontally as in the arrangement shown in sectional view Figure 8, which
is substantially the same as that shown in Figure 7, except that the nozzle ³ is
cast in one piece with the tapered end H2 of the casing H. In this arrangement
the oil enters by the branch ', and passes through the ring space into the
nozzle ³, where it combines with the air and is delivered through two sets of
nozzles I, I, with inducing air mouths I", before entering the furnace Z. In the
modification, shown in Figure 9, the compressed air enters a chest ) with two
outlet branches J', J. The oil enters by a branch into a ring or annular cup or
Jip shaped chamber ; and the compressed air from the brauch J enters the
annular chamber H₁ of the casing H, and mixing with the oil in the chamber
thence passes through the tapering nozzle to the delivery pipe i. Compressed
air also enters the branch of the pipe i, from the branch J2 of the chest J; and
atmospheric air is induced through the open mouth of the nozzle h³. By this
arrangement the oil is forced through the centre of the pipe and inixes well with
the air before being discharged through the delivery end of the pipe i.
Figure 10 illustrates a general arrangement for working in emergency with
steam instead of compressed air, and for operating all the main valves from the
engineers platform. In this arrangement we place the air compressor in the
engine room and lead the forced air from it by branches j',',j, to a receiver C
which may be fitted with the usual safety valve and pressure gauge. From the top
of receiver C, we connect a main common compressed air pipe G having a stop
or regulating valve G on it, leading to the front of the boiler, or as near as
convenient. We take air connecting branches y from this pipe G down to the
nozzle H fixed to the front of boiler furnace plates Z', and these connecting pipes y
are each fitted with small stop valves or cocks gl in a usual way. Just alongside
of the air pipe G or as near as convenient, we lead a main common service oil
pipe K connected to the main supply oil tank A by branches K³, K4, leading from
each end and controlled by a stop or regulating valve K. From this pipe K we
take connecting oil branches & down to the nozzles H, for their supply, also each
regulated by small screw valves '. We find it would be of great service to place
the control of these valves G, K', of the main common supply compressed air and
oil pipes G, K, in the hands of the engineer and for this purpose we so arrange
them that their regulating wheels or handles are on the engineer's platform, and
this may be effected by having rods G, K³, interposed between the valves G', K
and the hand operating wheels GK" ou platform. The valve C for regulating
the pressure on the top of oil in main oil tank A, we also place preferably near the
same level as these wheels or handles.
In case of accident to the air compressor, we fit a steam pipe L leading from the
boilers at 1, L, and connected by branches L³, L, to the main compressed air
pipe G. This steam connection would be controlled by a stop valve at L' litted
with vertical rod L and having a hand wheel L" on top of engineer's platform.
With this arrangement when the valve G on compressed air main pipe G is shut
down the steam can be let through the valve L' and passed through the nozzles for
spraying the oil in place of the air until the compressor or blower is put right.
The fitting in of this steam connection in combination with the air fittings would
apply to any form of nozzles, provided they were made with suitable adjustments to
allow less of the high pressed steam to pass through it than the lower pressure of
air used.
The pressure air to be used for combining with the oil would or may, as shown
in Figure 12 on Sheet 3, be led from the receiver C through a coil C², or it might

page_text: be an annular chamber placed at base of funnel, smoke box, or other convenient
place to get heated or superheated by the escaping products of combustion from the
furnace, and in this case the valve G on main air distributing pipe G would be.
closed, and the valve C3, C4, leading to and from the heating coil C be opened.
Or if steam be used instead of air as hereinafter described it may be superheated
in a similar manner by being admitted by the pipe C fitted with the valve C, and
passed through the pipe Cand coil C before entering the pipe G, the valves C³
and G being in this case enclosed. The oil tank A used may be of the improved.
jacketed construction described in our aforesaid application for Patent, and have a
pipe connection from the jacket space to the inducing side of the air blower j
used, as shown in Figure 10.
In warm climates or latitudes, or where the oil supply tank may be in a position
liable to much heat, and when it is desired to keep the oil in tank cool for
safety, as shown in Figure 11, we would or may force air from an air compressor
or blower, but preferably from a refrigerating machine, through the jeket.
space in tank A, which in this case would be tight all round and the air
after it circulated round the jacket space P would pass down the large pipe P,
as indicated by the arrows, and be led by the branch pipes P to the spraying
nozzles situated at 13 on furnace fronts. Or alternatively when in cold latitudes
and where the oil was wanted to be kept at a higher temperature than the
surrounding air, heated air would be forced into the jacket space P, and from
thence pass by the pipes P1, P2, to the inducing spraying nozzle P³,
→ acts
By alternative methods the oil tank A may be kept cool by cold water filling
or circulating through the jacket space while the oil may be heated by
steam, or by steam injected amongst the circulating water. These methods
would not be applicable however to the arrangement shown in Figure 11, as the
fluids used would not be suitable for injection through the nozzles P3 into the
furnaces. But Figures 19 and 20 on Sheet 5 are arrangements illustrating how
these methods may be carried into practice. In the vertical section of tank A,
shown in Figure 19, the oil is filled into the tank A, through a branch pipe pl
fitted with a valve p, and passes down the pipe p, to the bottom of the vessel;
and while this is being filled the valve o² on the branch pipe of is opened to.
permit any accumulated air to escape from tank. When the air pressure is
turned on the valves ², o, are closed, and the air entering by the pipe
on the surface of oil in tank, and forces it up the pipe p, from whence it would
be conveyed by pipe connections to the burners. A removable cover would
be fitted on the top of the jacket space P of tank, and a manhole door for
getting access to tank A; while a drawing off branch o³ fitted with valve would be
fitted at lower end of tank for drawing off the water from jacket space P. In this
arrangement the jacket space P would be filled with water to keep the oil cool, and
this water would preferably be made to circulate through the jacket space P by
flowing from an overhead cistern, or by being fed by a pump through the pipe Q
at lower end and discharged through a pipe Q' over ship's side, and in this latter
case any leakage or escape of oil from tank A would be safely discharged over-
board. In cold latitudes or where the temperature varies between day and night
steam may be passed into and circulated through the jacket space P to keep the oil
warn, and prevent it freezing or "clagging." Or a steam coil may be fitted in the
tank A for this purpose. In the modification shown in sectional plan view
Figure 20, the motion of the steam ship or vessel through the water is made to
circulate the water through the jacket space P instead of a pump.
In this arrange-
ment when the vessel is sailing in the direction indicated by the dart the sea or
river water is induced to enter the bellmouth of the pipe Q through the side V of
the vessel, and after circulating through the jacket space P of tank A, is discharged
overboard through the outlet pipe Q, which is fitted with a valve Q, and the inlet
pipe Qis also fitted with a valve or cock Q³.
In applying our improved oil burning apparatus to river traffic steamers where

page_text: stoppages are frequent, such as to steamers fitted with navy or other usual furnace
boilers, as shown in longitudinal and end sections in Figures 13 aud 14 on Sheet 4,
we remove the usual long fire bars and put in their place very short ones M about
a fifth or sixth part of their length say at the front dumb plate M' of furnace and
we rest the inner end of these bars M on a rail M on a brick bridge M carried
above the bars M. In this brick work M under the bars M we form or fit a
door m, fitted with an inner protecting covering m² of fire clay or other fire
resisting material, and which door m can be opened for cleaning out the inner lower
part of furnace flue M³. Beyond the bridge M, we preferably build a hanging
battle or screen M' of brick work closed on top but open at bottom, and beyond
this there is another bridge M built, close at bottom but open at top, rising up to
within a foot or so of the crown of flue M³ as in the first bridge. After steam has
been first raised in the usual way with coal in the boiler a little coal char is
preferably placed on the short furnace bars M, which serves as a kindler" to set
aflame the spray oil carried through the pipe, on the pressure air carried through
the pipe & being admitted through the nozzle apparatus H into the furnace. The
products of combustion pass over the first bridge M², and strike the intermediate
baffle or screen of brickwork M', and pass under it and are again battled by
the next rising bridge M. In this way the greater part of the Hue M³ is made
into a combustion chamber to get the full heating effect in this chamber, and
the door m provided in the front bridge wall M² under the bars M enables it to be
at any time raked out and cleaned on underside.
When coal is used, other than for a mere "kindler," for the raising of steam,
having oil as an auxiliary; as well as putting it in at the front of the furnace as
already shown and explained, in order to burn the smoke from the coal we introduce
oil led by a pipe T terminating in a suitable nozzle T to back of bridge M' and
thus by its burning get up at that part a very intense heat to consume the smoke
before passing out of tubes or flues of. boiler. As shown in Figure 13 Sheet 6 we
may spray the oil by compressed air or steam, the oil being fed through a central
pipe and the pressure air or steam through a pipe T' to the delivery nozzles T,
or at flame bridge M5 said pipes being screwed or coupled to these nozzles and
atmospheric air may be induced in at T, or we may simply force the oil through a
suitable pipe T, as shown in Figure 134, which being for the greater part of its
length, when the bars are short, exposed to a very high temperature in the flue the
oil would be converted into a gas and escapes at the nozzle at back of bridge M*,
when it would ignite. In order to protect the nozzles T from the intense heat we
may, as shown in Figure 13 put a fire brick lining at back of bridge having the
nozzles T2 between, and in order to scatter or split up the flame or gases from the
oil and air or the gasified oil we may put a fire brick cover with suitable outlet
openings in it at M resting on top of bridge and lining M5, M6, which would have
the effect of scattering the flame to cause it to spread across the opening of flue at
bridge.
or tubular
Instead of putting the oil pipe with its nozzle in from the front of boiler, as
would be done with "Lancashire" or boilers of the ordinary type, we may,
as shown on the right hand side of Figure 13, put it, say in a "Navy
boiler, in from the back, by inserting the pipe T with its nozzle T through one of
the large soot cleaning tubes U into the combustion chamber U₁ as far as desired,
and it might be protected with fire brick where the intense heat would act
injuriously. In this case the oil may be passed in through the outer annular pipe T
to keep same cool and be sprayed by the pressure air in the central pipe T at the
inner nozzle T². In the arrangement shown detached in Figure 13", the oil is
admitted through a central pipe T regulated by a spindle T, and the air through an
outer annular inlet pipe T, and the oil and air mixed at in a common pipe T
and are superheated or gasified and injected through the nozzle T into the
combustion chamber. As many of these pipes T T may be inserted as desired,
according to the heat wished at the back of bridge or in the combustion chamber U

page_text: to consume the gases from the coal, and where the heat is very intense the
combustion chamber U should be lined with fire brick, particularly those parts
opposite the nozzles T.
As it is most important that those pipes T T', with their nozzles T2 should be
easily taken out froin their working position at any time for inspection and cleaning
during the time steam is up, we fit the oil and air inlet pipes which feed them with
suitable cock and coupling connections at 1, t', which can be readily disconnected,
but those coupling branches would be at right angles to the position shown in
Figure 13, and we form the brick or other work M through which they pass all
so that on shutting off the air and oil the pipes T T can be easily drawn out and
again put back ready for action. To keep the nozzles T² we may also induce
round them atmospheric air, as shown at T" Figure 13, the induction being
caused by the issuing jets from the nozzles.
Where the natural draught is insufficient we blow in air to force by a fan, either
through furnace doors, or under grate bars or both.
use.
In order to get quit of the ordinary furnace bars in the flues of marine or other
boilers when at work with the oil fuel and thus make the flues entirely combustion
chambers but yet be able at will to get the furnace bars applied in order to burn
coal for first getting up steam to work the compressors or spray the oil or keep up
the the steam at night, as shown in the longitudinal and end sections Figures 15 and 16,
we construct the furnace bars N N, in the usual manner, but form them all in one
casting N, as shown in Figure 16 or otherwise fix them rigidly together, and
suspend them by an eye boss N2 on a strong fulcrum shaft N³, in front carried in
suitable supports or bearings N, below the furnace front, and we preferably mount
on shaft N³, one or two portable levers a to balance the furnace bars N when in
The dotted lines in Figure 15 indicate the position of the bars N and the
lever when burning coal fuel, a lever n being placed in this position at one or
both ends of shaft N3 with the upper end of lever or levers abutting against the
front of boiler to keep the shaft N³ from oscillating. When it is desired to put
the bars N out of use and form a complete combustion chamber, without these, the
lever or levers n is or are withdrawn by hand, from the square ends of the shaft N³,
and this allows the furnace bars N to oscillate or fall to the vertical position
partially closing the mouth of the flue which had previously been the ash pit. The
coal, coke or other material which was on the bars N simply falls to bottom of flue
where it lies at N', and acts as the "kindler" and is augmented from time to time
with a little char or other material to keep what will light the jets. The spent
kindling material is withdrawn by simply drawing back the fire bars by tilting
further back the portable hand levers a to oscillate the shaft N³.
66
As we have found from experimenting there is a danger of valves giving way
in the usual air compressing machines we in certain circumstances substitute an air
forcing apparatus such as a Root's blower and we form our nozzles or burners
to suit the uniform pressures of air which this apparatus gives without valves.
In the arrangement, Figures 15 and 16, the pressure air would be supplied by a
blower or fan through a main pipe to the branch a' of a nozzle apparatus, as shown
in section at the lower part of Figure 15, and the oil would be conveyed by a
pipe to the nozzle a regulated by a hand spindle and combine with the air in
the chamber, whence the combined mixture would be injected through the
Oil would also
perforated fire clay brick #, into the furnace flue fire N³.
preferably be deflected through the angled nozzle apparatus n³ at upper part of
furnace flue, assisted by pressure air if desired entering the apparatus by the
branch n'. These arrangements would be very suitable for working with air at a
lower pressure than that supplied by a compressor, such as receiving same from
a fan or a Root's blower.
In applying our system to hay-stack boilers, as shown in vertical and horizontal
sections in Figures 17 and 18, we cover most of the grating unless a small part at
the front of each door where we place the kindler at N. The covering of the
fire grating we prefer to form of brickwork perforated closely with holes.
:

page_text: When the stoke-hold is not a closed one, we may build round with brickwork the
space for admitting air to the under side of the bars, or we close this space by.
circular short iron hoop plates O', making the ash pit close. We then by means of
a fan, blower, or compressor force air through the pipe O to be projected under the
bars N, through a suitable opening for giving increased heat through the holes in
the brick bottom of furnace. The oil and air injecting appliances would be
placed, as shown at H, H in Figure 18. Doors would be provided in the
brickwork or iron plates to clean out any ashes which were formed by the
"kindling material. The aforesaid application would be suitable for the common
upright boilers for ferry boat traffic in rivers.
Figures 21 and 22 represent side and end views respectively of a ferry boat
fitted with the usual high pressure upright boiler but the boiler may be of any
other suitable type. In many of these ferry boats for river traffic, the exhaust,
steam from the engine or engines which propel the boat, where the engines are
non-condensing, passes into the chimney T through a pipe T to increase the
draught, and act as a substitute for the forced blast in stoke-hold.
As the engine or engines are slowed or stopped on the boat reaching piers, the
exhaust is consequently decreased or stopped altogether, thereby affecting in a very
intermittent manner the draught in the chimney. In such boats where oil has
been attempted as the fuel, much trouble annoyance and failure has been caused
heretofore through this intermittent supply of air, necessitating the attendants
constant attention in the endeavour to regulate the amount of oil necessary by
hand. To overcome the above difficulty, and admit oil in quantity suitable to the
amount of air induced into furnace of boiler to insure proper combustion, we fix to
the side of our spraying nozzle an auxiliary valve for admitting oil through it
into furnace and we connect the operating spindle of this valve by a link or
connecting rod or other equivalent gear, to the rod or links or other mechanism
which controls the action of the engine. When the engine is full on, going either
ahead or astern the full amount of oil is admitted through the nozzle, and when the
engine is stopped, the oil is shut off, and any intermediate speed of engine causes
a corresponding supply of oil to buiner, all regulated from the mechanism which
controls the engine.
In the above illustrations R is the starting stopping or reversing handle or hand
lever of engine, R' is the connecting rod jointed to lever R2 for imparting motion to
rocking spindle R3 by working the handle R. Ris a lever fixed to rocking
shaft R, and R is the rod attached for actuating the engine reversing link or
closing or opening the usual valves or cocks of engine. is a lever fitted to
rocking shaft R3, and having the connecting rod jointed to it and the lever
fixed to the spindle S of the auxiliary valves S. The other parts of the spray
nozzle are formed and fitted preferably as described in reference to Figures 1 to 4
of the Specification of our said prior application for Patent. We prefer to use our
nozzle with its oil supply and regulating valve in addition to the auxiliary valve S
and the oil regulating valve of the nozzle would be so adjusted as to give the proper
amount of oil suitable to the natural draught of the boiler so that it would not
require to be shut off when at piers. The same mechanism would be suitable for
condensing engines, as well as high pressure engines.
Figure 23 shows a plan, and Figure 24 a sectional end view through line X, X,
Figure 23 of the auxiliary valve S, in which S is the valve case S the valve
piston and Sits spindle to which is connected the actuating lever is the
end plug for covering in end of valve chambers for screwing to main nozzle,
is the oil inlet with coupling, and is the inlet port for oil to valve.
,, are the inlet ports or openings in the valve S. The outer end of the
spindle S is passed through à screwed nutt the use of which is to give the
oil inlet ports a greater or less opening lengthwise so as to reduce if necessary
the maximum oil opening as desired, which is readily done by screwing forward the
valve S2 by the nut t. After the position has been adjusted the pinching pin is
screwed tight to prevent the nut turning with the spindle S' as it is being moved

page_text: round in either direction by the lever r². When the link motion is in central
position and engine stopped the position of the valve S2 is as seen in end view
Figure 24. When going ahead full speed the port is opposite the port »³ in the
valve case, and when going astern the port s is opposite the port .
Though we have described the above arrangement of valve as a suitable one for
this purpose, this might be considerably modified. If desired we may dispense
with the common valves on the spraying nozzle using only the one S described as
the auxiliary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven- .
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:―
First. The construction or general arrangement and combination of the various.
appliances herein described and shown for feeding and burning oil in steam boiler
and other furnaces, substantially as set forth.
Second. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler and other furnaces the method or arrangement for supplying a constant
pressure or head of oil to the burners by a water column raising the oil in cistern
to the supply pipe, substantially as shown in reference to Figure 1 of the
accompanying drawings.
Third. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler and other furnaces the method or arrangements for supplying a constant
pressure of oil to the burners, by relieving and varying the air pressure on the
surface of the oil in supply tank, either regulated by hand or automatically
substantially as described in reference to and by way of application shown in.
Figures 2, 10 and 6 and 3 to 5 of the accompanying drawings or the mechanical
equivalents thercof.
Fourth. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler and other furnaces the arrangement for feeding the oil under pressure to.
meet and mix with the pressure air before passing to burners, substantially as
described in reference to Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. In oil burning appliances the improved construction of nozzles with
annular space or ring for the combining and ejection of the oil and compressed air,..
substantially as herein described in reference to Figures 7, 8 and 9 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Sixth. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam.
boiler furnaces, the arrangement of main pipes, valves, and controlling mechanism
or the equivalents of these for alternatively supplying compressed air and steam to
the branch pipes and burners, substantially as herein described in reference to and
by way of application shown in Figures 10 and 12 of the accompanying
drawings.
Seventh. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler and other furnaces, the methods of cooling or heating the oil in supply tank
by having or circulating air or water, or heated air or steam in the jacket space of
said tank, substantially as herein described, in reference to and by way of
application shown in Figures 11, 19 and 20 of the accompanying drawings.
Eighth. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler furnaces, the arrangement and combination of grate bars removable cleaning
out door, and oil and air pipes leading to flame bridge combustion chamber,.
substantially as described in reference to and shown in Figures 13 and 14 of the
accompanying drawings.
Ninth. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler furnaces, the fitting and use of portable or removable oil or oil and air
pipes with nozzles terminating at flame bridge combustion chamber, substantially
as herein described in reference to Figures 13 13, and 13" of the accompanying
drawings.
Tenth. The arrangement of oil burning appliances and hinged grate bars and

page_text: operating levers, described in reference to and shown in Figures 15 and 16 of
the accompanying drawings.
Eleventh. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler furnaces, the arrangement and use of an oil supply valve having lever or
gear connections to the rod or links or other mechanism which controls the action
of the engine, substantially as and for the purposes herein described in reference
to and by way of application shown in Figures 21 to 24 of the accompanying
drawings.
Twelfth. In combination with appliances for feeding and burning oil in steam
boiler furnaces the construction and arrangement of valve with oil ports sub-
stantially as shown and described with reference to Figures 23 and 24 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated 27th December 1893.