Machine for Finishing or Facing Nuts.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 25th June, 1898
Machine for Finishing or Facing Nuts.
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I, GEORGE DUNHAM, of Unionville, in the County of Hartford, and State of
Connecticut, U.S.A., Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in machines for finishing or facing nuts
and the objects of my improvements are simplicity and economy in construction
and convenience and efficiency in operation.
In the accompanying drawings-
Figure 1 is a plan view of my machine.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.
Figure 3 is a sectional side elevation on the line x x of Fig. 1.
Figure 4 is a central longitudinal section partly in elevation of the work carry-
ing spindle, and connected parts.
Figure 5 is an end view of the same.
Figure 6 is a central longitudinal section of the split pilot, and connected parts,
the plane of section being indicated on the line y y of Fig. 5 which plane is at
right angles to the plane of the section in Fig. 4.
Figure 7 is a developed plan view of one side of the shipper cam and the rollers
upon which said cam acts.
Figure 8 is a plan view of a portion of the chuck operating cam.
Figure 9 is a sectional view of portions of my machine on the line z z of Fig. 1.
Figure 10 is an enlarged end view of the nut carrier.
Figure 11 is a front elevation of the same, and
Figure 12 is a central longitudinal section thereof.
My invention relates particularly to the means for holding and revolving the
nut and for presenting the nut to the said holder and revolving mechanism. All
other parts of the machine may be of any ordinary construction and will be only
described in a general way.
A designates the cam shaft which may be driven by any suitable means as
for example by the worm wheel 11, worm shaft 12 and driving shaft 13. Said
cam shaft has mounted on it the carrier rock shaft cam 14, feed cam 15, tool post
cams 16, brake lever cam 17, for the brake lever 82, shipper rock shaft cam 18,
stop lever cam 19, pawl carrier cam 20, and chuck operating cam 21. The cam 15
operates the feed finger 22 and the cams 16, operate the tool posts 23. These
parts are not peculiar to the present invention and any other desired feed and
tool carrying mechanism may be substituted therefor.
The hollow shaft or spindle 24 of what I may call the lathe head, is mounted
in suitable bearings 25 and provided with fast and loose pulleys 26, 27. For con-
venience of manufacture it is made in halves and is so illustrated but it is prac-
tically one shaft. It is also provided with grasping jaws 28 and split pilot com-
posed of levers 29, pivoted within the pilot shaft 30 by pins 31 Fig. 4. Said
hollow shaft 24 has also mounted on it the stop disk 32 which, when hexagonal
nuts are to be finished, has six stop shoulders as best shown in Fig. 3. Said stop disk
Ei Q71

page_text: is acted upon or rather acts against the stop lever 33 which is forced out from
engagement with said stop disk by means of the stop lever cam 17 and into
engagement therewith, when the cam permits, by means of the spring 34, one end
of which is secured to said lever and the other end to some fixed part of the
machine. By the side of the stop disk 32 on the hollow shaft 24 there is a ratchet
wheel 35, fixed on said shaft and by the side of said ratchet wheel is an oscilla-
ting pawl carrier 36 and its pawl 37. The pawl 37, see broken lines in Fig. 3,
is provided with a curved heel 38 and the frame B of the lathe head is provided
with a fixed post so that when the pawl carrier reaches the position shown in
Fig. 3, the pawl is held out of engagement with the ratchet wheel. An oscil-
lating plate 39 on the pawl carrier bears upon the pawl with a tendency to force
it against the ratchet wheel, and said plate is pressed upon by a spring 40 that
surrounds a bolt or screw 41 that is screwed into the pawl carrier 36. Said pawl
carrier is connected by means of a link 42 to the pawl carrier lever 43 which is
fulcrumed on the bolt 44 so that when the pawl carrier cam 20 acts upon the
short arm of the lever 43, the pawl carrier will be in the position shown in Fig. 3.
Upon the upper end of the lever 43 there is a cross arm 45, carrying a rod 46
and spring 47. A sub lever 48 is pivoted at 49 to one side of the lever 43. Said
sub lever is shown in plan view Fig. 1, and its contour is indicated by broken
lines in Fig. 3. Its lower end bears upon the pawl carrier cam 20 and its upper
end is provided with a lug 50 that slides on the rod 46 and is pressed upon by
the spring 47. Whenever the cam 20 releases the lower end of the lever 43
from the position shown in Fig. 3, by bringing the depressed portion of said cam
opposite the end of the short arm of said lever, the spring 47 immediately acts
through the sub lever 48 to throw the upper end of the lever 43 forward and
move the pawl carrier in the direction to release its pawl, thereby causing said
pawl to engage the ratchet wheel so that said wheel and its shaft are rotated a
partial revolution in case the said wheel and shaft are free to rotate. The
spring 47 is strong enough to move the parts for operating the pawl carrier and
parts driven thereby, when free, but if the shaft is blocked or stopped in any
way, for example by the stop lever 33 and stop disk 32, the lever 43 remains
stationary for a time, when the depression in the cam 20 passes the end of the
sub lever 48 said lever merely swings on its pivot 49 under the influence of the
spring 47 without any movement of the lever 43.
A swinging lever 51 is pivoted at 52 to the main frame C and is provided with
two lugs or rollers 53 that are acted upon by the chuck operating cam 21 for
oscillating said lever 51. The main portion of this cam is shown in plan view.
in Fig. 8. A chuck operating rod 54 is arranged to slide within the tail end of
the hollow shaft 24 and is provided with a spring 55 for forcing it outwardly.
The outer end of said rod is provided with suitable lugs 56 by means of which
it is connected to the swinging lever 51. Said rod is provided with a wedge or
cone 57 for being forced in between the tails of the chuck levers 58 which levers
are pivoted within the hollow shaft 24 at 59 Fig. 4, and the chuck or grasping
jaws 28 are on the outer ends of said levers. A spring 64 acts on the tails of
the chuck levers 58 with a constant tendency to move said levers in the direction
to open the grasping jaws 28. The inner end of the sliding rod 54 is provided
with a plunger 60 for acting upon the knock out slide 61. Said knock out slide
is mounted on the pilot shaft 30. This pilot shaft is concentric to and within the
head end of the hollow shaft 24 and is made rigid therewith by a cross head 62
that is bolted or otherwise fastened to the head end of the said hollow shaft.
knock out slide has rigid therewith two knock out fingers 63 that pass through
suitable ways so that they may extend outwardly to bring their ends about flush
with the end of the pilot 29. A ring or sleeve 65 slides on the pilot shaft 30 and
is rigidly connected with the knock out fingers so as to move longitudinally with
the knock out slide. The tails of the pilot levers extend outwardly through slots
in the pilot shaft 30, so as to be acted upon by said sleeve 65. A spring 66 acting
in one direction on the knock out slide 61 and in the opposite direction on the end
The

page_text: of the pilot shaft 30, has a tendency to hold the sleeve 65 firmly upon the tails of
the pivot levers and thereby force the split pilot, that is the outer projecting ends
of said levers, open. When the sleeve is forced in the opposite direction so as to
release the tails of the pilot levers the split pilot is free to shut up or contract.
A rock shaft 67 for the shipper lever 68 extends from front to rear through the
frame C and carries at its rear end a short arm 73 bearing two lugs or rollers 69
Figs. 7 and 9, for being acted upon by the shipper rock shaft cam 18 so as to
move said rollers relatively to the cam from the position indicated by broken
lines in Fig. 7 to the position shown in full lines. The side view of this cam
Fig. 9 shows that its shoulders or inclines are arranged nearly diagonally to each
other and stand in reverse directions so that when the half diagonally opposite
the half shown in Fig. 7 comes in contact with the rollers it moves the lugs or
rollers 69 laterally to their former position whereby a rocking movement is im-
parted to the rock shaft 67 for operating the shipper lever 68. A suitable driving
belt will be placed on the fast and loose pulleys 26, 27, so that the shipper will
shift the belt from one of said pulleys to the other and back again repeatedly.
In axial alignment with the hollow shaft 24 of the lathe head is the longi-
tudinally sliding nut carrier 70. It is reciprocated by means of the rock shaft
arm 71 of the carrier rock shaft 72, and the cam 14 on the cam shaft, said cam
acting upon two rollers of a short arm 74 on the rear end of the rock shaft. This
short arm 74 is only shown in plan view Fig. 1, and its rollers are therein hidden
from view. The arm and rollers are however the same as those of the short arm 73
on the rock shaft 67 Fig. 9, and therefor it is considered unnecessary to further
illustrate the same. The nut carrier 70 has mounted on the end which faces the
chuck a pusher 75, and on opposite sides of said pusher are the carrier jaws 76.
Said jaws are mounted on the carrier jaw levers 77 which levers are hinged to
a cross bar 78 and are yieldingly held together by the tie bolt 79 and spring 80.
Said parts are mounted to slide longitudinally, at times, on the sliding carrier
and, when free they are held in the position shown by means of the cross bar
spring 81 Fig. 12.
The machine is intended for dressing either broad side of the nut with any
suitable cutting or turning tool. The nuts may be fed to the carrier in any
desired manner, as for example by hand. Although portions of a feed mechanism
and of the facing mechanism are incidently shown, no further reference to them
need be made as the present invention relates to the mechanism for presenting
the nuts to the grasping jaws and related parts. A nut is placed in the carrier
jaws 76 from the rear, and of a size that will fill said jaws sufficiently to cause
the nut to be held against accidently falling out of the jaws. The carrier is
moved towards the chuck jaws by means of the cam 14 and parts between said
cam and carrier, to present the nut to the jaws when they are open and when
the split pilot levers are released and the pilot, so to speak, is collapsed. The
split pilot steers or guides the nut into place by entering the hole in the nut. It
is immaterial whether the nuts have been tapped or not. As the carrier jaws
strike the chuck jaws their movement in that direction is stopped, but the carrier
and pusher continue their movement until the nut is forced fully home in the
grasping jaws, and then the carrier retreats. The chuck operating cam 21 acts
to draw the chuck rod and wedge or cone 57 in between the tails of the chuck
levers 58 for closing the jaws upon the nut and also to withdraw the plunger 60
from the knock out slide so as to bring the sleeve 64 for the pilot levers over their
tails and thereby open the split pilot so as to firmly fill the hole in the nut and
center the nut on the pilot. This expansion of the split pilot will take place a
little in advance of closing the chuck jaws. The chuck rod may be small enough
to spring, side wise slightly, or it may be loosely fitted in its bearings or other wise
made to yield slightly so that while the chuck levers are forced apart by the wedge
or cone a given distance, the said cone does not center the nut in the jaws but
merely acts to force the grasping jaws upon the nut while it is fixed in position
and centered by the pilot.

page_text: With the nut thus held on the pilot within the chuck jaws the shipper cam
and connected parts throw the driving belt upon the fast pulley 26, for revolving
the hollow shaft and chuck to perform any desired work on the nut. At about
a half revolution of the cam shaft the shipper cam acts to throw the driving belt
upon the loose pulley and the brake lever cam 17 acting on the fast pulley 26
through the brake lever 82, stops the hollow shaft and chuck and withdraws.
The stop lever cam releases the stop lever 33 to the action of its spring 34, Fig. 3,
to bring the opposite end of the stop lever into the path of the shoulders on the
stop disk 32. The pawl carrier cam 20 and connected parts act to move the pawl
carrier for turning the shaft 24 through the ratchet and pawl until one of the
shoulders on the stop disk comes in contact with the end of the stop lever so as
to always stop the grasping jaws in one of six equi distant positions and always
bring the grasping faces of the chuck jaws into a position parallel to the six edge
faces of the hexagonal nut as held within the carrier. The cam 21 also acts to
move the rod 54 to withdraw the wedge or cone 57 from between the chuck levers
permitting the jaws to open and also to force the plunger against the knock out
slide 61 for releasing the pilot levers and contracting the split pilot and when thus
contracted to carry the knock out slide along to knock the nut off from the
split pilot and out of the chuck jaws, ready to repeat the operations herein before
described. It should however be noted that the highest or most prominent side
projection of the cam 21 Fig. 8 acts first to carry the knock out fingers outwardly
for knocking off the nut and then as said highest point passes the roller on the
chuck lever, allows the knock out fingers to retreat far enough to receive a new
nut, while the second projection on the cam holds the chuck rod 54 still against
the knock out slide so as to prevent the sleeve 65 from expanding the split pilot
until after the nut is forced into place thereon: It will also be noted that the
sleeve 65 is let back to expand the pilot a little before the cone or wedge 57 acts
to close the grasping jaws.
It is apparent that some changes from the specific construction herein disclosed
may be inade and therefore I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself
to the precise form of construction shown and described, but desire the liberty to
make such changes, in working my invention, as may fairly come within the
spirit and scope of the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination of chuck jaws with a divided or split pilot and means for
contracting and expanding said pilot, substantially as described.
2. The combination of nut grasping jaws with a pair of pivoted pilot levers
mounted within the shaft on which said grasping jaws are mounted and means
for contracting and expanding the pilot ends of said levers, substantially as
described.
3. The combination of the pilot levers forming the split pilot at their outer
ends, with the pilot shaft within which said levers are pivoted, the knock-out
slide 61, the operating sleeve 65, and knock out fingers carried by said knock
out slide and means for reciprocating said knock out slide, substantially as
described.
4. The combination of the grasping jaws, the pilot levers forming a split pilot
within said jaws, and a single reciprocating rod acting to operate said grasping
jaws and also to operate the said pilot levers, substantially as described.
5. The combination of the hollow shaft, the grasping jaws and their levers,
the pilot levers mounted between the outer ends of the jaw levers, the rod 54 for
operating said jaw and pilot levers, the swinging lever 51 connected with said
slide rod and the cam 21 for operating said swinging lever, substantially as
described.
6. The combination with the lathe head shaft of a stop disk mounted thereon,

page_text: a stop for acting in connection with said disk, and spring actuated ratchet mech-
anism for partially rotating the shaft to bring the stop disk and stop into engage-
ment, substantially as described.
7. The combination of the lathe head shaft, with a shipper for putting on and
off the driving means, a brake mechanism, a stop mechanism and yielding mech-
anism for partially rotating the shaft to bring the stop mechanism into engage-
ment after the driving means for the shaft has been cut off by the shipper,
substantially as described.
8. The combination of the sliding nut carrier having the pusher 75, with the
carrier jaws, yieldingly mounted relatively to the longitudinal movement of said.
pusher, substantially as described.
9. The combination of the nut carrier, its operating mechanism, the shaft 24,
grasping jaws 28, the split pilot within said jaws, operating mechanism for said.
grasping jaws and pilot, the shipper mechanism, brake mechanism, stop mech-
anism, and yielding mechanism for partially rotating the shaft for bringing the
stop mechanism into engagement, substantially as described.
1000
Dated this zord day of
Witness-
JAMES SHEPARD.
1000
AL&ion 1000
GEORGE DUNHAM,
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.