Improved Apparatus for Raising, Forcing, and Circulating Semi-liquid and Liquid Substances.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1894
Improved Apparatus for Raising, Forcing, and Circulating Semi-liquid
and Liquid Substances.
I, JAMES TAYLOR, of Strathblaine Road, Wandsworth Common, Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improved apparatus especially applicable for use in
raising, forcing or circulating paper-pulp, sewage and other semi-liquid substances
of analogous consistency, for which ordinary pumping apparatus is very unsuitable
on account of the liability of the working parts thereof to become quickly clogged
or choked up. The improved apparatus is, however, also applicable for raising,
forcing or circulating water and other liquids.
On the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1, represents a plan of the improved apparatus.
Fig. 2, represents a sectional elevation on the line A.-B, Fig. 3; and_
Fig. 3, represents an end elevation.
The improved apparatus consists of a circulator and casing-respectively formed
and adapted, and arranged to co-operate, as hereinafter described.
The circulator is formed with three or other suitable number of curvilineal or
scimitar-shaped arms a, Fig. 3, which are hollowed into a trough-like formation
(Figs. 1 and 2) on the convex face, and project from a boss a', which is keyed to
or otherwise secured on a shaft b, by which it can be rapidly rotated in the
direction in which the hollowed convex faces of the arms a, will be in advance,
as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3.
.
The circulator is adapted to work between the ends (Fig. 2) and within the
periphery (Fig. 3) of a drum-like casing c, the sides and ends of its arms just
clearing the ends and circumferential part of said casing.
The casing is made with an inwardly flared lateral inlet c', concentric as regards
its lower part with the axis of the circulator, but of an enlarged excentric formation
as regards its upper part, vide Fig. 3. It is also made with a tangentially
arranged outlet of somewhat less area than the inlet.
The casing is made in flanged sections (which are bolted together as at o³) to
permit of the convenient placement and removal of the circulator, and the inlet and
outlet thereof are also flanged and bolt-holed so as to be adapted for convenient
connection with the apparatus with which the improved apparatus is required to be
used.
Adjacent to the outlet, at the top side thereof, is secured to each section of the
casing a scraper or doctor c which is let into a recess in the inner side of the casing,
projecting sufficiently to closely engage with the adjacent edge of the circulator
arms as the latter revolve. The scraper on the inlet side projects inwardly from
the inner periphery of the casing to a slightly greater extent than, so as to overlap,
the greatest diameter of the excentric part of the inlet, and by such means I ensure
that there is no part of the inlet side of the circulator arms which does not either
come in contact with the scraper or is free from contact with the inside of the case
in which the circulator revolves, which ensures the arms thereof being cleared from
rags or other fibrous or adherent matter either by the entering and outflowing
current or by the action of the scrapers as the arms pass the outlet.
The scraper on the opposite side extends to a greater extent inwardly, and may
be so shaped and placed as to extend to the hub of the circulator so as to ensure

page_text: contact with the whole extent of the adjacent edge of the circulator arms at each
revolution.
One of the sections of the casing is cast with a foot-plate c which may be
bolted as at d, to a bed-plate d¹. Such section of the casing is also cast with a
stuffing-box c, adapted to support the adjacent end of the shaft b, to which the
circulator is secured and by which it is rotated. The shaft end 61, is coned and
projects through the boss or hub a¹, of the circulator, and is screw-threaded at its
extremity 62, the circulator being secured by a conoidal nut 6, which tends to
deflect the material gravitating or fed into the casing c, through the inlet c¹, equally
on all sides of the hub of the circulator.
The shaft b, is further supported by standards d, and is fitted with fast and loose
pulleys d', d³.
With a circulator of the dimensions represented on the accompanying drawings,
about 550 revolutions per minute would be a suitable speed for lifting any material
of about the consistency of paper-pulp about 30 feet, a less speed being required
for lifting more liquid substances.
The special advantage of the improved apparatus over ordinary pumping
apparatus when applied to the pumping of thick liquids or semi-liquid substances
is, that it is free from a like liability to that of the working parts of the latter in
getting clogged or choked up and rendered unworkable until cleaned which,
in such ordinary apparatus, is very frequently required; whereas, the peculiar
formation of the circulator arms tends both to gather the material (as it gravitates
or is fed into the casing through the inlet) away from the sides of the casing, so
minimising the friction, and to impart to it (during the ascending and effective part
of its own revolution) a centrifugal impulse which becomes vertically tangential
as the arms pass the outlet; and whereas by the application of the said scrapers
and the excentric formation of the inlet the circulator arms are kept clean and
prevented from the adherence to and accumulation about their edges of the matter
with which they are dealing, whereby the minimum resistance is offered to the
revolution of the circulator, in conséquence of which almost the whole energy of
the motive power is utilized in effective work, in raising, forcing or circulating the
material under treatment.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In apparatus for raising, forcing or circulating semi-liquid and liquid substances ;-
1. The combination of a circulator and casing respectively formed and adapted,
and arranged to co-operate, as herein before described.
2. The combination of a circulator formed and operating as aforesaid, with a
casing formed with an excentric inlet and fitted with scrapers or doctors adapted to
keep the edges of the circulator arms clean and free from adherence of matter
thereto, as set forth.
3. A circulator casing formed with an excentric inlet and fitted with scrapers
or doctors adapted to operate, as set forth.
4. The improved apparatus for raising, forcing or circulating semi liquid and
liquid substances hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 16th day of July 1894.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.