Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1887-
Complete Left, 19th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th July, 1888
I, ERNEST SOLVAY, of 19 Rue du-Princo Albert, Ixelles, Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Numerous apparatus have already been patented for the calcination and decomposition
of bicarbonate of soda.
In the specification of Letters Patent granted to me in 1863 No. 3131, I indicated
the revolving cylinder in its most simple form "the coffee roaster" as being suitable
for drying and calcining bicarbonate of soda but to become practical this application
required special arrangements which I have now combined so as to make a new
furnace.
The said furnace consists of a horizontal cylinder made of sheet or cast iron of
small diameter in proportion to its length-Its ends rest upon rollers and through
suitable gearing it may receive rotatory motion-The said cylinder is surrounded by
brickwork and a suitable fire-place or furnace-heats-it externally. The said fire-place
or furnace is by preference placed on the side where the bicarbonate enters but it may
be placed on the opposite side. Special appliances are combined for the admission
and outlet of the material.
In a previous Patent (No. 201781) I pointed out the necessity of mixing the
bicarbonate of soda with soda already calcined in order to obtain a suitable working
of calcining apparatus-This mixture, I effect in an entirely new manner by the use of
my new inlet appliance which consists of a hopper forming part of a cast-iron box-
A shaft provided with projecting arms revolves in the lower part of the said hopper
and causes the gradual descent of the bicarbonate of soda with which the hopper is
always filled and which closes it hermetically. On the other hand an endless screw
constantly forces into a tube dry and hot carbonate of soda from the outlet of the
furnace but as the screw is ended a little in front of the crank of the tube, there is

page_text: also formed at this place a hermetical plug of carbonate of soda-The two products
therefore arrive simultaneously and in the required proportions in the hopper box
where they are intimately mixed together by the action of arms in the said hopper
box. They then enter the revolving cylinder by falling through a suitable tube in a
connecting box which connecting box unites the revolving part of the cylinder to the
stationary part by a suitable joint-The dry carbonate of soda is caused to issue from
the furnace by means of a sort of spoon fixed to the bottom of the furnace and
revolving with it so as to have the same motion-At each revolution the said spoon
dips into the soda and when it rises it carries away with it a certain quantity of the
said soda which falls in the direction of the axis of the furnace which is provided
with teeth and crushes the grains of soda which may have been formed. An endless
screw revolving in a contrary direction to that of the cylinder draws off the dry
soda to the outside. In this case also the arrangement of the screw allows the
formation of a plug of soda which closes the part hermetically. The only road which
remains open to the steam and gases which are evolved from the bicarbonate is a tube
adapted for the purpose.
Thanks to the arrangements herein before described for the admission and the outlet
of the carbonates of soda the material advances regularly notwithstanding the horizontal
position of the furnace and without the aid of any agitator.
Still it is necessary to scrape the sides to keep them free from hard and non-
conducting crusts-For this purpose I simply hang in the cylinder a chain formed
of heavy and massive links which sweep the inner part of the furnace-The said
chain is employed as a substitute for the agitators or scrapers hitherto used in similar
cases.
W. LLOYD WISE,.
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant..

page_text: I, ERNEST SOLVAY, of 19 Rue du Prince-Albert, Ixelles Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
Numerous apparatus have already been patented for the calcination and decomposition
of bicarbonate of soda.
37
In the Specification of Letters patent granted to ne in 1863, No. 3131, I indicated
the revolving cylinder in its most simple form "the Coffee Roaster as being suitable
for drying and calcining bicarbonate of Soda, but to become practical this application
required special arrangements which I have now combined so as to make a new
furnace..
The said Furnace consists of a horizontal Cylinder made of sheet or cast iron of
small diameter in proportion to its length. Its ends rest upon rollers and through
suitable gearing it may receive rotatory motion.
The said Cylinder is surrounded by brickwork and a suitable fire place or furnace F
heats it externally. The said fireplace or furnace F. is by preference placed on the
side where the bicarbonate enters but it may be placed on the opposite side.
Special appliances are combined for the admission and outlet of the material.
In a previous Patent (No. 201781) I pointed out the necessity of mixing the
bicarbonate of soda with soda already calcined in order to obtain a suitable working
of calcining apparatus. This mixture I effect in an entirely new manner by the use
of my new inlet appliance which consists of a hopper T forming part of a cast iron
box B. A shaft provided with projecting arms revolves in the lower part of the said
hopper and causes the gradual descent of the bicarbonate of soda with which the
hopper is always filled and which closes it hermetically.
On the other hand an endless screw V constantly forces into a tube T₁ dry and hot
carbonate of soda from the outlet of the furnace but as the screw is ended a little in
front of the crank C of the tube there is also formed at this place a hermetical plug
of carbonate of soda. The two products therefore arrive simultaneously and in the
required proportions in the hopper box where they are intimately mixed together
by the action of arms P in the said hopper box. They then enter the revolving
cylinder by falling through a suitable tube T in a connecting box R which con-
necting box unites the revolving part of the cylinder to the stationary part by a
suitable joint.
The dry carbonate of soda is caused to issue from the furnace by means of a sort
of spoon e, (Figure 2) fixed to the bottom of the furnace and revolving with it so as
to have the same motion. At each revolution the said spoon dips into the soda and
when it rises it carries away with it a certain quantity of the said soda which falls in

page_text: the direction of the axis a of the furnace which is provided with teeth (as shown in
figure 2) and crushes the grains of soda which may have been formed an endless
screw revolving in a contrary direction to that of the cylinder draws off the dry soda
to the outside. In this case also the arrangement of the screw allows the formation
of a plug of soda which closes the part herinetically. The only road which remains
open to the steam and gases which are evolved from the bicarbonate is a tube S adapted
for the purpose.
Thanks to the arrangements herein before described for the admission and the outlet
of the carbonates of soda the material advances regularly notwithstanding the horizontal
position of the furnace and without the aid of any agitator.
Still it is necessary to scrape the sides to keep them free from hard and non-
conducting crusts.
For this purpose I simply bang in the cylinder a chain K formed of heavy and
massive links which sweep the inner part of the furnace. The said chain is employed
as a substitute for the agitators or scrapers hitherto used in similar cases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my inven-
tion of "A new or improved revolving furnace for the decomposition of bicarbonate
of soda : "
The combination of a horizontal revolving cylinder heated from the outside: firstly
with the appliances hereinbefore described producing the automatic and continuous
admission of a special mixture of soda and of bicarbonate of soda and also the
automatic and continuous outlet of the soda without any direct communication with
the atmosphere; secondly with a chain suspended freely in the cylinder and acting as
a scraper.
Tên th;, tính danh Inna 1803
ERNEST SOLVAY,
Per L. W..