IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF THICKENING AND ADHESIVE MATERIALS OR DRESS' COMPOSITIONS FROM SOLUTIONS PREPARED FROM ANIMAL AND ALKALINE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, Proprietor of the Firm
of J. Brandt & G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer,
of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Germany, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PRODUCTION OF THICKENING AND ADHESIVE MATERIALS OR DRESS'
COMPOSITIONS FROM SOLUTIONS PREPARED FROM ANIMAL AND ALKALINE
SUBSTANCES." A communication from Emil Ritter von Portheim, of Smichow,
near Prague, Bohemia, Chemist.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th April
1881.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt
& G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer, of 124, Leipziger-
strasse, Berlin, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF THICKENING
AND ADHESIVE MATERIALS OR 'DRESS' COMPOSITIONS FROM SOLUTIONS PREPARED
FROM ANIMAL AND ALKALINE SUBSTANCES." (A communication from Emil Ritter
von Portheim, of Smichow, near Prague, Bohemia, Chemist.)
This Invention refers to the production of thickening and adhesive materials
and dress" compositions in general by means of solutions prepared from animal,
protein substances with alkalies, for the purpose of formning substitutes for starch,
dextrin, "leiogomine," gum, and other like materials used in the manufacture of.
woven fabrics, in paper making, and in other manufactures.
2 lbs. (1000 gr.) of dry protein substances, that is, flesh, fleshy offal, casein, or
fibrin, together with 2 gallons (10 litres) of water, and 2 ounces (54 gr.) of
hydrate of soda are heated for about 18 hours in a water bath; the solution so
obtained is passed through a sieve; if it is not quite neutral, then it is neutralized
with diluted acetic acid or hydrochloric acid while diligently stirring it while it is
yet warm.
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page_text: The product so obtained may be applied directly, or it may be dried by 68 to
86° F. on zinc plates or on porcelain bars. The dried product remains quite
soluble, and the same care is to be exercised in dissolving it as in dissolving blood
albumen. Instead of hydrate of soda, hydrate of potassium may be used.
This product is cheaper in solution and has less drying substance or capacity,
and yet possesses the same voluminous nature, adhesiveness, and elasticity, as
compared with the materials heretofore used for like purposes; when used as
"dress" it gives the woven fabric a much greater lustre. It is, like starch, not
applicable with acid colours.
In the presence of salts of lime, barytes, clay, and zinc, and the soluble salts of
the heavy metals, and in order to prevent a coagulation, such salts are added
which, as is known in analytical chemistry, impede or prevent the deposition of
these salts through bibasic acids or their soluble salts, or such, salts as are generally
used in calico printing as dissolving resisting substances (reservages) under
albuminous colours.
The further application is quite the same as with starch, gum, and similar
materials, and the product may, as stated, be used in calico printing, for thickenning
as dress, for sizing paper in the wall paper manufacture, for glazing paper, for
leather colouring, for bookbinding, and many other purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th October 1881.
.
!
GERARD, WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the Firm of J. Brandt &
G: W: v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer, of 124, Leipziger-
strasse, Berlin, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF THICKENING
AND ADHESIVE MATERIALS OR 'DRESS' COMPOSITIONS FROM SOLUTIONS PREPARED
FROM ANIMAL AND ALKALINE SUBSTANCES." (A communication from Emil Ritter
von Portheim, of Sinichow, near Prague, Bohemia, Chemist.)
This Invention refers to the production of thickening and adhesive materials
and "dress" compositions in general by means of solutions prepared from animal
or vegetable protein substances with caustic alkalies, for the purpose of forming
substitutes for starch, dextrin, "leiogomme," gum, and other like materials used in
the manufacture of woven fabrics, for printing, in paper making, and in other
manufactures.
2 lbs. (1000 gr.) of dry protein substances, that is, flesh, fleshy offal, casëin,
fibrin, gluten, or protein from meal of earth-nut, and rape seed cake, together with
2 gallons (10 litres) of water and 2 ounces (54 gr.) of hydrate of soda are heated
for about 18 hours in a water bath; the solution so obtained is passed through a
sieve; if the solution is not quite neutral, then it is neutralized with dilute acetic
acid or hydrochloric acid while diligently stirring it while it is yet warm.

page_text: The product so obtained may be applied directly in the form of a solution, or it
may be dried (by 68 to 86° F.) on zinc plates or on porcelain bars or plates. The
dried product remains quite soluble, and the same care is to be exercised in
dissolving it as in dissolving blood albumen. Instead of hydrate of soda, hydrate
of potassium may be used.
This product is cheaper in solution and has less drying substance or capacity,
and yet possesses the same voluminous nature, adhesiveness, and elasticity, as
compared with the materials heretofore used for like purposes; when used as
"dress
it gives the woven fabric a much greater lustre. It is, like starch, not
applicable with acid colours.
In the presence of salts of lime, barytes, clay, and zinc, and the soluble salts of
the heavy metals, and in order to prevent a coagulation, such salts are added
which, as is known in analytical chemistry, impede or prevent the deposition of
these salts through bibasic acids or their soluble salts, or such salts as are generally
used in calico printing as dissolving resisting substances (" reservages") under
albuminous colours. For this purpose may also, for instance, be added oxalic alkali
in the presence of clay or ammoniacal salts, such as nitric ammonia in the presence
of lime.
The further application is quite the same as with starch, gum, and similar
materials, and the product may, as stated, be used in calico printing, for thickening
as "dress," for sizing paper in the wall paper manufacture, for glazing paper, for
leather colouring, for bookbinding, and many other purposes.
I claim as the Invention communicated to me,-
The manufacture or production of thickening and adhesive materials and
dress" compositions by means of solutions of animal or vegetable protöin
substances prepared with caustic alkalies, and by addition of the means described
for preventing coagulation, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty-one.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI. (L.S.)