IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VARIOUS ARTICLES OF WOOD
Year: 1884

page_text: I Captain OGNESLAV (IGNAZ) KOSZTOVITS from Budapest, Hungary and a resident
of St Petersburg, Russia, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VARIOUS ARTICLES OF WOOD to be as
follows:-
:-
This invention relates to the application of vencer or thin layers of wood for the
formation of articles in which it is designed to combine strength with lightness, as
for instance in the construction of aërial machines, furniture and carriages.
The said invention consists essentially in glueing a number of strips of wood,
which form layers, one upon another, the strips of each layer being laid in an
opposite direction to, or across, those adjacent to it.
•
In carrying the said invention into practice I provide a model or frame of the
desired shape. The said model may be of wood, metal or other suitable material.
Around this model I wind a strip or band of veneer which forms the foundation
layer of the article. Upon this layer I wind a second layer, but in a different
direction to the first layer so that the grain of the wood and the joints of one layer,
run in a different direction to those of the adjacent layer. Upon this second layer
I wind in the manner hereinbefore described a third layer, and so on until the
article has acquired the desired thickness and strength, to retain its form without
the assistanco of braces or the like. Each layer is glued to the one below it,
a veneering hammer or other suitable means being employed to remove the
superfluous glue.
If a large article is to be constructed, it may be formed in sections which can be
afterwards secured together. It may also be stiffened by means of braces and
the like.
Different kinds of wood may be used according to the purpose for which the
article is required, and sometimes it may be found advisable to make the different
layers of different kinds of wood.
In cases where the jointing between the layers requires to be extremely tight—
with tubes for instance-the model can first be covered with a layer of silk, calico,
or other suitable material, upon which the first layer is glued. Layers of silk,
calico or the like may also be placed between the layers of veneer.

page_text: In constructing a vessel for containing liquids, the model may first be covered
with metal the joints of which are soldered or otherwise suitably made, and upon
this metal the veneer is laid in the ordinary manner.
For articles of furniture the last layer of veneer may be of wood capable of
readily taking a polish or varnish.
In addition to the purposes herein before mentioned to which this invention is
applicable, I will mention, boats, ships, masts and spars; it may also be used as a
non conducting covering for steam boilers.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: " and in
I Captain OGNESLAV (IGNAZ) KOSZTOVITS, from Budapest, Hungary, and of
St Petersburg, Russia, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VARIOUS ARTICLES OF WOOD
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of tubes and other articles from strips
of veneer or thin layers of wood glued cross-wise over one another.
According to the said invention I provide a model, block or pattern of wood or
metal, of the same shape as the articlo to be formed. Over or upon the said model
are arranged narrow thin strips of veneer, in such a manner that the whole form
together a tight covering around the said model. Over the first layer of veneers is
or are glued one or more other layers, according to the thickness which the wall of
the body is to receive. Care must be taken that the several layers cross each
other alternately, so that the grains of the different layers of wood lie in different
directions.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 shews the application of the said invention to the manufacture of a
round tube,
The pattern or shape m which is hollow, and may be so made that it can be
separated into parts, carries at its ends journals m³ by which it is so supported in
two brackets n that it can be turned upon its axis. For the latter purpose cranks
or handles m' are put upon the journals m'.
Around the pattern mare laid narrow and thin, but long, strips of veneer in the
form of helices, the said strips being united to form a layer. 1.
Over this first layer 1 is glued, as shewn in the drawing, a second layer 2, in
such a manner that the several strips lie parallel to the axis of the tube; over the
second layer is placed a third layer 3, consisting of a single strip of veneer wound
helically, at a less pitch than the strips of the layer 1, so that the single turns lie
close beside each other. The fourth layer corresponds to the first layer, with this
difference, however, that if the first layer was wound left-handed the fourth layer
is wound right-handed.
In laying the second and subsequent layers around the previous layer, glue is
applied upon the under sides of the strips as well as upon those parts of the previous
layer which are to be covered by the strips.
In order that the strips and layers shall unite firmly with each other and conform
to the model pattern so as to assume permanently its form, an adjustable former is
provided which can be divided into halves and heated.
This former is placed around the model or pattern and then closed so firmly that
the strips of veneer are forcibly pressed against the said model so that they
remain in position and retain the form of the latter when the former is removed,
which takes place after a time, depending upon the condition of the glueing
substance.
The model or pattern can, according to the purpose for which the article to be
produced is intended, be first surrounded with a covering of calico, sheet metal, or
the like. Upon the said covering are then glued the veneer strips and layers as
described. This covering can, when the tube or the article is completely formed,
either be removed or remain. The tube or other hollow body can also be covered
externally with a layer of calico, leather, sheet metal or the liko; or between the
several layers of veneer, layers of calico, paper, sheet metal or other material may
be placed.

page_text: By means of this process, and apparatus of a similar nature to that hereinbefore
described tubes and hollow bodies of various forms can be produced.
The tubes or hollow bodies made in this manner are extremely strong, and their
weight is at the same time comparatively small.
This invention may be employed in the construction of various articles, for
instance conduit pipes, hoops, columns, masts, baskets, aërial machines, boxes,
cupboards, hand-rails, and so on, as shewn in the drawing.
Tubes and other bodies can by covering them with veneer, as described, be
stiffened, and this covering serves also as a non-conductor of heat. As shown in
Figure VI a steam boiler with its steam-receiver and the steam-pipe, and a cylinder
are covered according to this invention. 1, 2, 3 indicate layers of asbestos, felt or
the like and 4, 5, 6, and 7 the first, second, third, and fourth layers of vencer upon
the boiler; these layers crossing each other and being glued together constitute a
compact and thick wall around the body to be insulated and stiffened.
Solid bodies such as planks or boards, as well as hollow bodies, may be formed
by fastening a sufficient number of layers of veneer together.
L
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First. The method of manufacturing tubes and other hollow bodies of wood,
from narrow bands or strips of veneer, the said method consisting in winding the
said bands or strips side by side over a model or pattern to form layers in the
manner described, each successive layer being fastened to the one below by means
of glue.
Second In the process bereinbefore described the employment of apparatus
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.