Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 15th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 8th June, 1889
1, EMILE L'HOMME of No. 50 Rue Saint Placide, Paris in the French nepone,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is the production of a species of Bronze or Brass of
great hardness, toughness and tensile strength, and capable of being rolled or other-
wise worked in either the hot or cold state. the sail qualities varying in degree
according to the relative proportions of the ingredients used in the manufacture of
the product and the intended applications thereof.
The said product is obtained by the combination, as hereafter more fully specified;
of Copper, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Nickel, Silicium, and Carbon.
I am aware that Copper, in combination with one or several of the above noted
elements has been employed in the manufacture of alloys, most of which have
however been found open to some objections, such for instance as deficiency in
homogeneity and toughness, if made hard, or incapability of being worked hot when
when possessed of hardness and tensile strength. These and other well known defects
inherent to most alloys of this class hitherto known, are obviated by the present
invention, in the execution of which I proceed substantially as follows:
In a crucible or Furnace of any suitable description are melted, Copper, Nickel,
Ferro-Manganese, Ferro-Silicium, and Ferrocyanide of Potassium (Yellow Prussiate
of Potash). Zinc is then introduced and thoroughly incorporated with the other
materials. The draught is then lowered and a quantity of Carbonate of Soda equal to
about two per cent. of the weight of the metal infusion is added thereto and, a few
minutes later, the product may be run off into moulds of any suitable description.

page_text: As above stated, the relative proportions of the ingredients have to be varied
according to the qualities required in the alloy.
Roughly stated these proportions may, for most practical purposes, range within
the following limits for each hundred pounds weight of Copper employed.
Zinc, from 30 to 62 pounds; Ferro-Manganese, (at about 84 per cent. of Manganese),
4 to 6 pounds; Ferro-Silicium (at about 14 per cent. of Silicium), 1 to 2 pounds;
Nickel, say from 2 to 4 ounces; Ferrocyanide of Potassium, say from 10 to 30
ounces.
Dated the 15th day of February 1889.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Associate Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Certain Metallic Alloys.
I EMILE L'HOMME of No. 50 Rue Saint Placide Paris in the French Republic;..
Civil Engineer. do.hereby declare. the. nature of. this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of this invention..is the production of a species of Bronze or Brass of.
great hardness, toughness and tensile strength and capable of being rolled or.otherwise.
worked in either the hot or cold state, the said qualities varying. in degree according
to the relative proportions. of the ingredients used in the manufacture, of the product
and the intended applications thereof...
The said product is obtained by the combination as hereafter more fully specified, of
Copper, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Nickel, Silicium and Carbou.
I am aware that Copper in combination with one or several of the above noted
elements has been employed in the manufacture of Alloys, most of which have
however been found open to some objections, such for instance as, deficiency in
homogeneity and toughness, if made hard, or incapability of being worked hot, when
possessed of hardness and tensile strength. These and other well known defects
inherent to most alloys of this class hitherto known, are obviated by the present
Invention, in the execution of which I proceed substantially as follows:
In a Crucible or Furnace of any suitable description are melted Copper, Nickel,
Ferro-Manganese, Ferro-Silicium, and Ferrocyanide of Potassium, (yellow. Prussiate
of Potash); Zine is then introduced and thoroughly incorporated with the other..
materials. The draught is then lowered and a quantity of Carbonate of Soda.equal to
about two per cent. of the weight of the metal in fusion is added thereto, and a few
minutes later, the product inay be run off into moulds of any suitable description:.
As above stated, the relative proportions of the ingredients have to be varied
according to the qualities required in the Alloy. Roughly stated, these proportions
may for most practical purposes range within the following limits for each Hundred
pounds' weight of Copper employed.
Zinc, from 34 to 62 pounds; Ferro-Manganese (at about 84 per cent.. of
Manganese), 4 to 6 pounds; Ferro-Silicium (at about 14 per cent. of Silicium),
1 to 2 pounds; Nickel, say from 2 to 4 ounces; Ferrocyanide of Potassium, say from
10 to 30 ounces.
The following table shews a number of modifications of the above typical pro-
portions which may be substituted for the latter in the manufacture of various grades
of my improved Alloy according to the special qualities desired to predominate

page_text: From the above table, a series of products may be obtained, capable of supplying a
wide range of requirements. I nevertheless do not confine myself to the proportions
therein set forth, which I repeat are only given as examples to be varied according to
circumstances.
I would observe in conclusion that I lay no claim to Alloys composed of Copper,
Zinc, Iron or Ferro-Manganese and Ferro-Silicate which, I am aware, have long been
known and manufactured under different forins; but,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is:
1. In the manufacture of Copper Alloys in general, and especially of those including
Zine, Iron, and Manganese, the use of Ferrocyanide of Potassium (yellow Prussiate of
Potash) intended (among other purposes not yet defined) to introduce Carbon into the
said Alloys in predetermined proportions according to the qualities desired in the
product, substantially as described.
2. In the manufacture of Alloys of this class, the use of a very minute proportion
of Nickel, varying from 2 to 4 oz. per 100 lbs. of the Copper employed, for the
purpose (among others) of lowering the melting point of the mass and of increasing
the homogeneity of the product, substantially as described.
Dated the 17th day of April 1889.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Associate Agent.