CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Greenhalgh at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition...
on the 3rd February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.).
'I, JAMES GREENHALGH, of Cheetham, in the County of Lancaster,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for. "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS". to be as follows, that is to say:-"
It refers to those kinds of churns wherein the ordinary reciprocating
churn staff is employed, and consists in the application of a
new and improved method of communicating motion to one or
more of such staffs, whereby greater simplicity of construction and
compactness of form is obtained than by other methods in common
use.
Referring to Fig. 1, in. the accompanying. Tracing, a, is a vi-
brating pulley or disc actuating the churn staffs b, by means of
bands which are attached by one end to the periphery of the
disc, and by the other to the staffs, as indicated by the red lines.

page_text: So far this arrangement is already well known, the most usual
mode of communicating motion to the disc being by means of a
connecting rod worked by a crank placed at some distance from
the disc.
Now by my present improvement I place the crank immediately
under the centre of the disc, as shewn at c, Fig. 1; d, being the
connecting rod. The crank pin may thus work either close
to the face of the disc, or may pass through a hole cut in the same
large enough to admit of an entire revolution of the crank. The
dotted red lines shew the extreme-positions of the crank and con-
necting rod, and the dotted circle represents the periphery of a fly
wheel fixed on the crank shaft.
Although I have described the crank as working under the
centre of the disc, it is evident that the same purpose will be
answered by placing it on the contrary side, or over the centre.
Moreover, instead of employing a complete disc, part of its circum-
ference may be cut, away, so as to form a double segmental lever;
means being afforded by this latter arrangement of increasing
the distance, if thought necessary, between its centre and that of the
crank shaft. If one staff only should be required, the other may
be removed, or the machine may be constructed with only one'
staff and one segment, or such part of a disc as may
be adequate
to work it..
It is clear, also that this method of giving motion may be modified
in other ways, at the same time maintaining the general features
of the Invention. One of such modifications is shewn in Fig. 2,
in which the crank shaft c, is placed in the same position as in the
former case, but the crank pin during its revolution traverses in
a slot formed for the purpose; this arrangement being produc-
tive of the same result, namely, a vibratory action of the disc;
and again the slot may be placed on either side of the centre,
.& may be extended either downwards or upwards. As other
modes of connection also besides the bands already described,
be employed between the churn staff and the disc, the latter
may.

page_text: may be made to assume any form adapted to such particular
connection, as, for instance, a toothed wheel, or a lever with three
arms.