Improvements in Machines or Tools for Drilling, Tapping, and like Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 7th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines or Tools for Drilling, Tapping, and
like Purposes.
I, WILLIAM ALFRED PEARN, of 5 Newton Avenue Longsight, in the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said invention to be as follows:-
My invention refers to a machine tool for drilling, screw tapping or other
purposes, and is intended to be used more especially for drilling holes in articles,
for which purpose the ratchet hand drill has been hitherto generally employed, my
improved tool being applicable for doing work for which no existing power drilling
machine can be used.
My invention consists of an arrangement and combination of parts described as
follows:-
There is a base part which may be an oblong rectangular part and the length
double the width and the height about the width from the floor.
This base is hollow and its four sides or some of them, and its top are or may be
truly planed and one or more sides and its top formed with slots for bolts to secure
the articles to be operated upon by it in any desired position.
On one side of the base near the floor there are bearings for a horizontal shaft,
the outer end of which has "speed" pulleys upon it so that it may be driven by a
belt from the motor power employed at the speed required.
The inner end of this horizontal shaft has a bevel wheel upon it that gears with
one on the lower end of a tubular vertical shaft.
This tubular shaft has its bearings in the axis of a pillar that can rotate which
passes through a hole in the top of the base that forms its upper bearing and
extends some distance above the top of the base, the lower end of the pillar is
within the hollow base and extends to near the floor where its lower end works in
a bearing in a projection from the interior of the base.
This pillar has a worm wheel upon it under the upper face of the base which
gears with a worm on a shaft in bearings in the base, the other end of which worm
shaft has a handle upon it by which it can be rotated so as to rotate, adjust and
hold the pillar in any desired position.
There is a screw in the base to also hold the pillar from rotating when adjusted.
The upper end of the said tubular vertical shaft has a spur wheel secured upon
it which gears with and drives a spur pinion upon the lower end of a vertical
shaft (hereinafter called the vertical side shaft) in bearings on the side of the pillar
above the base hereinafter referred to.
The pillar above the base, is formed by two sides, and on one face there are
slideways for a slide box which comes within the two sides forming the pillar above
the base.
This slide box can thus slide up and down the pillar between its two sides.
Across this slide box and fitting in slides within it, there is an arm in a horizontal
position, which arm (hereinafter referred to as the drill arm) can slide to and
fro horizontally in the slide box.
The upper end of the vertical side shaft has a worm upon it that gears with a
worm on a short tubular horizontal shaft having bearings in the upper part of the

page_text: pillar, and within this tubular shaft there is a solid shaft to which a bevel wheel is
secured that gears with another bevel wheel on a short vertical shaft in bearings in
the pillar, the upper end of which latter shaft has a spur wheel upon it that gears
with one upon a screw nut or boss which can rotate but not move endways in
bearings on the upper part of the pillar through which screw nut or boss a non-
rotating screw passes, the lower end of which is connected with and secured to the
slide box, and by this screw the slide box can be raised and lowered vertically upon
the pillar by means of this arrangement and gearing.
The short solid shaft above referred to, that passes through the tubular shaft
having the worm wheel secured to it, has a hand wheel secured to one end of it, so
that by turning this handle the slide box can be raised and lowered. There is also
a screw handle on the end of the short solid shaft so that the hollow and solid shaft
may be connected to rotate together when the screw nut is to be "self-acted" say
to feed the drill when drilling and at other times when required.
There is a solid shaft that fits the axis of the vertical tubular shaft in the axis
of the pillar below the upper face of the base, and this solid shaft is connected with
the said tubular shaft by a key and key groove and can thus slide up and down
vertically and remain in rotative connection with the vertical tubular shaft.
The upper end of this central solid shaft has a bevel wheel upon it, the boss of
which has its bearing. in a part from the box slide, and this bevel wheel gears with
one upon a horizontal shaft having its bearings at one end, also in the box slide,
and this horizontal shaft slides through the boss of another bevel wheel having its
bearings in a projection from the drill arm, the wheel sliding endways upon the
horizontal shaft which has no end movement, the boss of the wheel and the shaft,
being connected by a key and key groove to keep up rotative connection in every
position of the drill armo.
This bevel moving with the drill arm and sliding upon the horizontal shaft gears
with a bevel wheel upon the lower end of a short vertical shaft having its bearings
in the drill arm which short shaft has a spur wheel upon it for a jointed chain at
one end of the square drill arm which can slide horizontally through a hole in the
box slide.
There is a screw screwing into the box slide, and there is a bracket from the end
of the drill arm that comes between a collar on the screw and a band wheel upon
the screw for rotating it.
By this means the horizontal drill arm can be moved to and fro in the box slide.
The outer end of the horizontal drill arm has bearings for a tubular vertical
spindle in which a short drill or other tool can be fixed.
This tubular vertical spindle in the drill arm has a spur wheel upon it corre-
sponding to that at the other end of the horizontal drill arm and an endless jointed
chain works (passing along grooves in the sides of the drill arm) between the two
spur wheels and the drill or tool thus receives rotary motion, from the driving
power in every position of the horizontal drill arm either horizontally or vertically
or when the drill arm and pillar is moved round with the latter.
The mechanism may be varied without departing from my invention.
Dated this Twenty-third day of April 1894.

page_text: Improvements in Machines or Tools for Drilling, Tapping, and
like Purposes.
I, WILLIAM ALFRED PEARN, of 5 Newton Avenue, Longsight, in the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention refers to a machine tool for drilling, screw tapping or other
purposes, and is intended to be used more especially for drilling holes in articles,
for which purpose the ratchet hand drill has been hitherto generally employed, my
improved tool being applicable for doing work for which no existing power drilling
machine can be used.
My invention consists of an arrangement and combination of parts described as
follows:--
There is a base part which may be an oblong rectangular part and the length
double the width, and the height about the width from the floor.
This base is hollow and its four siles or some of them, and its top are or may be
truly planed, and one or more sides and its top formed with slots for bolts to secure
the articles to be operated upon by it in any desired position.
On one side of the base near the floor there are bearings for a horizontal shaft,
the outer end of which has "speed" pulleys upon it, so that may be driven by a
belt from the motor power employed at the speed required.
The inner end of this horizontal shaft has a bevel wheel upon it that gears with
one on the lower end of a tubular vertical shaft.
This tubular shaft has its bearings in the axis of a pillar that can rotate, which
passes through a hole in the top of the base that forms its upper bearing, and
extends some distance above the top of the base, the lower end of the pillar is
within the hollow base and extends to near the floor where its lower end works in
a bearing in a projection from the interior of the base.
This pillar has a worm wheel upon it under the upper face of the base which
gears with a worm on a shaft in bearings in the base, the other end of which worm
shaft has a handle upon it by which it can be rotated so as to rotate, adjust and
hold the pillar in any desired position.
There is a screw in the base to also hold the pillar from rotating when adjusted.
The upper end of the said tubular vertical shaft has a spur wheel secured upon
it which gears with and drives a spur pinion upon the lower end of a vertical shaft
(hereinafter called the vertical side slinft) in bearings on the side of the pillar above
the base bereinafter referred to.
The pillar above the base, is formed by two sides, and on one face there are
slideways for a slide box which comes within the two sides forming the pillar above
the base.
This slide box can thus slide up and down the pillar between its two sides.
Across this slide box and fitting in slides within it, there is an arm in a horizontal
position, which arm (hereinafter referred to as the drill arm) can slide to and fro
horizontally in the slide box.
The upper end of the vertical side shaft has a worm upon it that gears with a
worm on a short tubular horizontal shaft having bearings in the upper part of the
pillar, and within this tubular shaft there is a solid shaft to which a bevel wheel is
secured that gears with another bevel wheel on a short vertical shaft in bearings in
the pillar, the upper end of which latter shaft has a spur wheel upon it that gears
with one upon a screw nut or boss which can rotate but not moved end ways in

page_text: bearings on the upper part of the pillar through which screw nut or boss a non-
rotating screw passes the lower end of which is connected with and secured to the
slide box, and by this screw the slide box can be raised and lowered vertically
upon the pillar by means of this arrangement and gearing.
The short solid shaft above referred to, that passes through the tubular shaft
having the worm wheel secured to it, has a hand wheel secured to one end of it, so
that by turning this handle the slide box can be raised and lowered. There is also
a screw handle on the end of the short solid shaft so that the hollow and solid shaft
may be connected to rotate together when the screw nut is to be "self-acted say
to feed the drill when drilling and at other times when required.
"
There is a solid shaft that fits the axis of the vertical tubular shaft in the axis
of the pillar below the upper face of the base, and this solid shaft is connected
with the said tubular shaft by a key and key groove and can thus slide up and
down vertically and remain in rotative connection with the vertical tubular shaft.
The upper end of this central solid shaft has a bevel wheel upon it, the boss of
which has its bearing in a part from the box slide, and this bevel wheel gears with
one upon a horizontal shaft having its bearings at one end, also in the box slide,
and this horizontal shaft slides through the boss of another bevel wheel having its
bearings in a projection from the drill arm, the wheel sliding end ways upon the
horizontal shaft which has no end movement, the boss of the wheel and the shaft,
being connected by a key and key groove to keep up rotative connection in every
position of the drill arm.
This bevel moving with the drill arm and sliding upon the horizontal shaft gears
with a bevel wheel upon the lower end of a short vertical shaft having its bearings
in the drill arm which short shaft has a spur wheel upon it for a jointed chain at
one end of the square drill arm which can slide horizontally through a hole in the
box slide.
There is a screw screwing into the box slide, and there is a bracket from the end
of the drill arm that comes between a collar on the screw and a hand wheel upon
the screw for rotating it.
By this means the horizontal drill arm can be moved to and fro in the box slide.
The outer end of the horizontal drill arm has bearings for a tubular vertical
spindle in which a short drill or other tool can be fixed.
This tubular vertical spindle in the drill arm has a spur wheel upon it corre-
sponding to that at the other end of the horizontal drill arm and an endless jointed
chain works (passing along grooves in the sides of the drill arm) between the two
spur wheels and the drill or tool thus receives rotary motion from the driving
power in every position of the horizontal drill arm either horizontally or vertically
or when the drill arm and pillar is moved round with the latter.
The mechanism may be varied without departing from my invention.
Fig. 1, is a front elevation partly in section of a machine tool according to my
invention.
Fig. 2, is a sectional side elevation at a right angle to the plane of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, is a vertical section on an enlarged scale of part of the mechanism
detached for raising and lowering the slide box carrying the drill arm, and for
giving self-acting feed to the drill or tool.
The plane of Fig. 3, is parallel to Fig. 1 and at a right angle to Fig. 2.
Fig. 4, is a sectional elevation on an enlarged scale detached of the slide box,
drill arm and connected mechanism, the section being in the longitudinal axis of
the drill arm.
Fig. 5, is a top plan section of some of the parts shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6, is an end elevation of the drill arm, also showing the bevel wheel on the
short vertical shaft.
Fig. 7, is a section across the drill arm in the axes of the short vertical shaft for
the bevel wheel.
Fig. 8, shows a section of a spur wheel which can be substituted to obtain a
change of speed, for the wheel shown in Fig. 2, which is in gear with the lower

page_text: ווי
neer on the rotary screw and for the stationary screw shaft the wheel Fig. 8,
being then in gear with the upper spur wheel.
Fig. 9, is a top plan view of the machine tool, the drill arm and connected
mechanism being omitted.
a, the hollow base, which may be planed on the top and on three or all sides, one
or more of which may have under-cut slots for T headed bolts to secure to it when
required articles to be operated upon.
On one side there are bearings for a horizontal shaft b, which has speed pulleys b',
secured upon it for the driving belt from the motor, the other end of the shaft b, is
in a bearing from and within the hollow base, and has a bevel wheel 6, secured to
it, which gears with a bevel c¹, secured on the lower end of a vertical tubular
shaft c.
The exterior boss of the bevel wheel c¹, forms the journal for the lower end of
the tubular shaft c, which has its bearing in the tubular part of a pillar 'd, herein-
after referred to, the upper end of the tubular shaft c, has its bearing also in the
said pillar, and above the level of the top of the hollow base a, this tubular shaft c,
has a spur wheel &, upon it, that gears with a spur wheel e¹, on the lower end of
the vertical side shaft e, in bearings in the pillar hereinafter referred to.
The vertical pillar d, above referred to is tubular in that part within the hollow
base a,
and its lower end is in a bearing in a projection a', from the inside of the
hollow base.
The upper part of the tubular part of the pillar is in a bearing in a hole in the
top of the hollow base a, and it has a broad flange d, faced on its under side to rest
upon the upper surface of the hollow base a.
Upon the tubular part of the pillar within the hollow base a worm wheel d³, is
secured, that gears with a worm on a shaft d³, in bearings on the hollow base
(see Fig. 2).
This shaft d, has a square at its outer end for a handle by which it may be
turned and the position of the pillar d, may be adjusted round its vertical axis..
There is a screw shaft d', actuated by a handle d', (see Fig. 9) to come against
the tubular part of the pillar d, when adjusted to lock it in position.
The pillar d, above the hollow base is formed by the base flange d', and two side
uprights connected at the upper ends the part above and below the top of the base
being one casting.
The front of the pillar d, has vertical slide-ways d', formed upon it for a slide
box which is a casting, having a horizontal square hole across it forming a slideway
to guide an arm g, carrying the drill or operating tool ..
The inner end of the drill arm y, has bearings formed in it, (arranged as hereinafter
described) for a short vertical shaft g', which has a bevel wheel, secured to the
lower end, and a toothed wheel g³, to suit an endless jointed chain secured in its
middle, the wheel, coming in a cross slot as hereinafter described.
The outer end of the drill arm g, has bearings (arranged as hereinafter described)
for a short vertical tubular shaft g, which has also a toothed wheel g³, for the
endless jointed chain 98, (see Fig. 5) which extends from the wheel 93, at one end to
that g', at the other end, the chain passing along a groove g7, in each side of the
drill arm so as to work clear of the guiding hole in the slide box f.
The drill or operating tool x, to be rotated is placed in the tubular shaft g*.
There is a bracket 98, secured (as hereinafter described) at the inner end of the
drill arm 9, in which there is a bearing for one end of a screw shaft h, which has a
hand wheel h', for rotating the screw shaft secured to its outer end, and there is a
collar on the screw shaft, to come on the inside of the bearing g³, and thus the
screw shaft h, can rotate in its bearing but cannot move endways except with the
drill arm g.
The screw shaft h, screws through a screw nut 42, in an arm or part f', from or
secured to the slide box f, and the end of the screw h, moves freely in a hole in
the slide box f

page_text: By this means it will be seen that as the screw h, moves end ways it carries the
drill arm g, with it.
The endless chain 9, and thus the drill or operating tool e, is rotated by a bevel
wheel k, gearing with the bevel g, on the lower end of the short shaft g', on the
drill arm, this driving bevel wheel k, having a boss which has its bearings (arranged
as hereinafter described) in a part g³, secured to or projecting downwards from the
drill arm g, consequently it moves with the drill arm.
A horizontal shaft k₁, passes through the boss of the driving bevel k, and is
connected with it by a key and key-way in the lengthway of the shaft k', which
has a bearing for its front end in the slide box f, at which end a bevel wheel k³, is
secured upon it, the shaft k', is prevented from moving endways by a screw nut k³.
The bevel wheel gears with another bevel.A, secured on the upper end of a
vertical shaft. The boss of the bevel A, forms the journal for the shaft k³, its
bearing being in a projection 2, from the slide box f, and the bevel wheel ¹, will
thus rise and fall with the slide box f, and the vertical shaft, which extends
below the lower end of the tubular shaft c, and is connected with such shaft by a
key and key-way.
To the upper part of the slide box f, (constructed as hereinafter described) the
lower end of a screw shaft 1, is secured so as not to rotate.
The upper part of the screw shaft 1, passes through a tubular screw nut l, which
can rotate, but not move end ways in a bearing in the upper part d, of the pillar d.
On the projecting upper part of the tubular screw nut, two spur wheels 12 and 1,
are secured, of different diameters-the lower one 1, in Fig. 2, is shown in gear
with a spur wheel 1, secured at the upper end of a short vertical shaft 15, having
its bearings in a part from the upper end of the pillar d. When a change of speed
is required the wheel, is removed and the wheel Fig. 8, is substituted to gear
with the upper spur wheel 13, on the tubular screw nut 1.
The lower end of the short vertical shaft 1, has a bevel wheel 1, secured to it
which gears with one l, that can slide slightly on a key on a horizontal shaft 1,
see Fig. 3.
This horizontal solid shaft 18, has its bearing at one end in the boss of the bevel
wheel, which has its bearing in a projection from the pillar d, and upon that end
there is a hand wheel, which is loose endways on a key but can rotate with the
shaft 18.
The shaft, passes through a tubular shaft ľ, having bearings in a part from
the pillar d, and the tubular shaft has a worm wheel e, secured to it which gears
with a worm secured at the upper end of the vertical side shaft e, which is
constantly rotating when the first motion shaft b, is driven.
That end of the solid shaft 18, at the outer end of the tubular shaft lb, has a cone
head, to fit a cone in the end of the boss of the worm wheel t°.
The solid shaft 18, can be brought into frictional connection with the constantly
rotating worm wheel , by a hand disc wheel 1, that screws upon the end of the
solid shaft, and forces the hand wheel ", against the end of the boss of the bevel
wheel, and draws at the same time the cone head 1, of the solid shaft , against
the cone in the end of the boss of the worm wheel c.
This is done when the slide box f, is to be self-acted to give feed movement to
the drill or tool x.
But when the disc wheel lo, is slackened the worm wheel 1, ceases to drive the
solid shaft, which is then left free to be rotated by the hand wheel, to work the
tubular nut ', to screw the slide box f, up or down as required.
The tubular spindle g*, for the drill or tool x, has its bearings in two bushes
screwed into holes in the drill arm g, both bushes are externally duplicates so as to
screw into the holes either above or below the arm g.
By changing these bushes the tubular spindle 9, may be readily reversed and
the drill or tool may then be made to operate upwards.
The rotation of the drill will then have to be reversed, and this may be done by

page_text: crossing the driving belt working on the pulleys b', and the drill when required: to.
be selfacted will move it upwards accordingly.
The slide box f, is formed in two halves one above the other below the drill
arın g, by which means the hole for the drill arm can be readily planed out to fit
the arm and the two halves are then bolted together by bolts f³, (see Figs. 4 and 5).
and then finished as if solid. This node of construction allows the slide box to be
re-planed if required to fit the drill arm g, to take up wear.
3
The inner end of the drill arm g, forked two-ways forming four prongs, and a
block is fitted between the vertical forks in which block g, the bearing for the
shaft, is formed, and in this block there is a slot to admit the chain wheel
and the cross fork in the end of the drill arm allows the wheel to be slided wit t
the block g, into its place.
»-
This block 9, is secured in the fork by two bolts gb, which pass through slotte.l
holes in the block 9", from one vertical fork to the other so that when the block g",:
is adjusted it may be secured by tightening the bolts g".
The bracket g8, is secured by screws g, to the end of the block g".
The block g, has two ears for two set screws g₁, on each side which may scre
through the ears the ends of the screws coming against the ends of the forks on
the drill arm g.
By slackening the bolts g, and screwing these set screws o", in or out the position.
of the block g, may be adjusted, for instance to take up any slack in the endless.
chain y, should it stretch in wear.
Two of the set screws 9", may be used as described one on each side and the
other two to pass through the ears for them and screw into the end of the forks.
The bearing bush ge, for the boss of the wheel k, can be screwed in and out to
adjust the two wheels y, and k, in gear, so that one can be moved when the other
is changed in position and when the screw bush g, is adjusted, it may be locked by
a bolt g, passing through the two sides of the projection g', which is slit, to make
them grip the screw bush 9°..
The endless jointed chain is or may be used when the drill arm is a fixture to
the slide carrying it and moving vertical, the wheel for the jointed chain then
corresponding to the wheel g³, being arranged to rotate in bearings on the slide,.
and to slide upon a vertical shaft corresponding with the shaft, but arranged to
pass to the upper end of the pillar, this shaft being connected with the wheel g³,.
to rotate it by a key and key-way on the vertical shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-.
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The combination of an arm carrying the spindle for a drill or operating tool
driven by an endless chain passing between a wheel on the drill or tool spindle at
one end and a wheel on a shaft at the other end of the arm, such arm sliding in a
slideway in a slide box moving at a right angle to the sliding arm, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The combination and arrangement of a drill or tool carrying spindle, on an
arm capable of sliding to and fro horizontally in a slide box, moving vertically
with mechanism for moving and adjusting the sliding arm and the vertically sliding
box and also with mechanism for conveying rotary motion to the drill or tool and
for self-acting the feeding of the drill or tool, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of mechanism substantially as and for the
purpose bereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
4. The arrangement by which the drill or tool can be reversed and made to
operate either downwards or upwards, the construction of the slide box for carrying
the drill arm in two halves or parts, the arrangements for adjusting the driving
wheel for the endless jointed chain and the driving bevel wheels to each other, the

page_text: use of an endless jointed chain for conveying rotary motion to a drill or operating
tool carried on an arm from a slide all and each when used in the machine for
drilling, tapping and the like, described in the Specification.
Dated this Fifth day of January 1895.
PETER J. LIVSEY.