Improvements in Wire Hooks or Hangers.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 4th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left 4th Sept. 1889-Accepted. 7th June, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wire Hooks or Hangers.
I, ROBERT GORTON of Plainfield, Union County, New Jersey, United States of
America, Secretary, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—-
The object of the invention is to construct from a single piece of wire, a hanger
having both upper and lower hooks, in such manner that the wire may readily be
bent into the required contour or shape; that a minimum length of wire will give a
maximum strength to both the upper and lower hooks; that the hook may have an
unyielding eye part to render it rigid; and, finally, so to shape and roll the wire
that a broad supporting surface is afforded to the suspending loops of garments hung
upon it.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a view of my improved hook slightly in perspective.
Figure 2 a plan.
Figure 3 a section on line 3 3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 a detail section on same line, but showing a slight modification in shape
of the rolled or flattened part of the wire.
The wire is screw-threaded at one end a, for the securing of the hook in place.
From the screw-point it extends forward horizontally, and at the end of the upper
hook it is preferably bent up somewhat, as shown at b, is then turned down in the
same vertical plane, and is carried rearwardly and downwardly, as shown by c, to the
rear face of the hanger. There it is bent down at c', and then out and up in the
formation of the lower hook d at the end of which it is bent upon itself, and carried
back in the same horizontal line or lines and parallel with the other part of the wire
forming the lower hook to the rear face of the hanger, and then up in the same trans-
verse plane with the vertical portion to the point c, from whence it extends
vertically to the horizontal part of the upper hook, near the screw end a, and is turned
over and around it, forming a loop or eye c which is preferably pinched down so
tightly on the screw end of the wire as to form an unyielding interlocking joint. A
shoulder may also be wedged up on the wire on one or both sides of the eye to hold
it rigid. This simple bending gives a hook of great strength, since the part c forms
a direct brace or strut for the upper hook, the strain upon the upper hook being
conveyed by the end-thrust of the brace to the angle running down from that
point, and is delivered directly against the string piece or support, into which the
hanger is screwed. The vertical part 2 of the wire, and the parallel return portion c³
form the rear face of the hook. In this construction the double wire forming the
lower hook affords a wide bearing surface, and the formation of the end of the said
book, by bending it upon itself gives a rounded and perfectly smooth and symmetrical
finish. No additional handling of the hanger for finishing at this point is required,
as is the case where the wire is cut off at or about the end of the hook, and the square
rough end of the wire must be turned or curled under or be struck up into some
rounded shane.

page_text: The direct brace gives a more solid support than where the wire at the rear end of
the brace is carried up and over the horizontal part and then down to form the lower
hook, because it is difficult, if not practically impossible, to bend the wire up so
abruptly but that there will be a yielding of the upper hook when a strain is thrown
upon it, the tendency being for the upper hook to pivot or rock on the curve of the
bend in the wire. Such action is, however, impossible in the present form of hook
because the bend c' is in the reverse direction, and the strain is squarely received by
the part c².
In order to give a broad bearing surface to the horizontal part of the upper hook,
it may be rolled out or swaged, as shown at x, and at about that point its under side
may rest upon the brace c, as shown, to insure strength. This rolling will also
slightly increase the length of the wire and effect a corresponding economy in the
cost of manufacture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The hanger herein described, formed from a continuous piece of wire, having
the horizontal portion screw-threaded at its inner end for attachinent to a support the
portion c extending rearwardly and downwardly to the rear face of the hanger, and
downwardly extending vertical part c²; the outwardly and upwardly curved parts d, d
forming the lower hook and arranged in the same horizontal lines, and the vertical
part c³, extending up to the horizontal arm in the saine transverse plane with the
portion c².
.
2. The hanger herein described, formed from a continuous piece of wire, having
the horizontal portions screw-threaded at its inner end for attachment to a support
and rolled or swaged as at æ, the portion c extending rearwardly and downwardly to
the rear face of the hanger, the downwardly extending vertical part c², the outwardly
and upwardly curved parts d, d¹ forming the lower hook and arranged in the same
horizontal lines, and the vertical part c³ in the same transverse plane with the
portion ² and extending up to the horizontal arm.
3. The hanger herein described, formed from a continuous piece of wire, having
the horizontal portion screw-threaded at its inner end for attachment to a support, a
return portion c extending to the rear face of the hanger, the vertical part c³, double
wires as d, d' forming the lower hook, and the vertical portion c³ in the same trans-
verse plano with the vertical part c² and extending up to and around the inner end of
the horizontal portion.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1889.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.