Improvements in Top Lights for Lighting Cellars, Basements, and other Places.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 11th Jan.,
1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Top Lights for Lighting Cellars, Basements,
and other Places.
1, JOSEPH THOMAS ANDREWS of 51 Blackheath Road, Greenwich in the
County of Kent, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to what are commonly known as "top lights" for the
admission of light to cellars, basements and other places or apartments and has for
its object to provide such top lights at less cost and of greater strength than
heretofore.
According to my invention I construct the frames or gratings for the said top
lights of metal (preferably wrought iron or steel) bars arranged and connected
together in such a manner as to obtain much greater strength and much less weight
of metal as compared with the ordinary method of forming such frames or gratings
of cast metal. A grating made according to my invention consists of a number of
flat rolled bars of metal preferably iron or steel arranged parallel one to another
or approximately so and connected at their ends to a metal or other surrounding
frame. These bars have holes formed therein at suitable distances apart through
which, square, round or other shaped bars or rods pass at right angles or at any
other angle to the flat bars, and are secured by rivetting or otherwise to the
surrounding frame. The lenses prisms or glasses through which the light passes
are formed with grooves in their sides through which the last named bars or rods
are passed to hold the said lenses prisms or glasses in place. All the openings may
be thus filled with lenses prisms or glasses or some of them only may be so filled.
the others being filled with blocks of india rubber or other material, or being left
open for ventilation if desired. The filling blocks may be secured in the openings
by forming in the sides of the said blocks grooves or recesses with which the rods
or bars may be caused to engage similarly to the way of securing the lenses prisms
or glasses. Blocks of various colours or material may be arranged in the openings
so as to form ornamental designs or patterns.
Dated this 15th day of February 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Top Lights for Lighting Cellars, Basements,
and other Places.
I JOSEPH THOMAS ANDREWS of 51 Blackheath Road, Greenwich in the
County of Kent, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to what are commonly known as "top-lights" for the
admission of light to cellars, basements and other places or apartments and has for

page_text: heretofore.
its object to provide such top-lights at less cost and of greater strength tha
According to my invention I construct the frames, or gratings, for the said
top-lights, of metal, (preferably wrought iron, or steel,) bars, or rods, arranged and
connected together in such a manner as to obtain much greater strength, and much
less weight of metal, as compared with the ordinary method of forming such
frames, or gratings, of cast metal.
In the accompanying drawings I have shewn top-lights according to my
invention.
Figure 1 is a plan.
Figures 2 and 3 are transverse sections at right angles to each other.
Figure 4 shews a different form of lenses, prisms, or glasses.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the frame put together without the lenses,
prisms, or glasses, although when the frame is thus constructed the lenses, prisms,
or glasses, would be in position and held therein.
Figures 6 and 7 are sections at right angles to each other drawn to a larger scale
than that of the other figures.
A grating made according to my invention consists of a number of rolled bars B,
of metal, preferably iron, or steel, arranged parallel one to another, or approximately
so, and connected at their ends to a metal, or other, surrounding frame A. These
bars B have holes formed therein at suitable distances apart through which square,
round, or other shaped rods, or bars, C are passed at right angles, or at any other
angle to the first named bars, or rods, B and are secured by rivetting, or otherwise,
to the surrounding frame A. The lenses, prisms, or glasses D through which the
light passes are formed with grooves in their sides, through which the bars, or
rods, Care passed to hold the said lenses, prisms, or glasses, D, in place. All the
openings may be thus filled with lenses, prisms, or glasses D, or some may if desired
be left open for ventilation. Lenses, prisms, or glasses of various colours may be
arranged in the openings so as to form ornamental designs, or patterns.
The lenses, prisms or glasses, may be of any suitable shape, provided that they
have in their sides the necessary grooves, or recesses, for the receptions of the rods
or bars C. The top-light thus formed may be fixed in place in any convenient
way. In the drawings the opening in which it is inserted is shewn as provided with
a rim E on which the surrounding frame A rests. In Figures 6 and 7 I have
indicated at f cement as being filled into the joints as this may, or may not, be done
as desired.
I do not limit myself to the shapes of the various parts, as they may be varied
as desired to suit the particular places to which they are to be applied.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
Top-lights for lighting cellars, basements and other places, the said top-lights
consisting of frames constructed with bars or rods, as described, in combination
with lenses prisms or glasses, having grooves, or recesses in their sides, for the
reception of bars, or rods of the frame; substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of December 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents..