IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING OBTAINING THE FIBROUS MATTER OF TEXTILE PLANTS AND WOODS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gustave Demailly, Manufacturer, of Lille, in
the Department of the Nord, France, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING
OBTAINING THE FIBROUS MATTER OF TEXTILE PLANTS AND WOODS.”
AND
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Gustave Demailly at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 17th July 1871, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GUSTAVE
DEMAILLY, Manufacturer, of Lille, in the Department of the Nord,
France, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND OBTAINING THE FIBROUS
MATTER OF TEXTILE PLANTS AND WOODS," and have petitioned Her Majesty
to grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her

page_text: Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration
that I am the first and true Inventor thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Gustave Demailly, do hereby declare
that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and scal,
fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
The principal features of novelty in the present Invention are the
employment of either hot air or an alloy of fusible metals as vehicles
of heat for separating the fibrous matter from textile plants and wood,
and with this view I have constructed special apparatus for these
purposes.
The following description both of the method of separating the
fibrous matter and of the apparatus will be clearly understood by
reference to the accompanying Drawings, of which Fig. 1 is a vertical
section of the apparatus following the line M, N, and Fig. 2 is a plan
sectioned by the line V, X, Y, Z; in this apparatus hot air is employed
as a calorific, whilst the apparatus shown in vertical section Fig. 3,
and in sectional plan Fig. 4, fusible substances are employed in lieu of
hot air.
The construction of the apparatus shown by Figs. 1 and 2 is as
follows:-A is a sheet iron or steel boiler made to bear a pressure of
20 atmospheres closed at the top by a lid C bolted to the boiler, the
bottom of which is pierced with a number of holes varying according
to the size of the boiler. In these apertures are fixed the lower and
open ends of the tubes B, which are bent at the top. The apparatus
is furnished with a safety valve D, and a pressure gauge or manometer F,
and a mud cock G for evacuating the water and steam after each
operation. In the form above described the apparatus is fixed in the
masonry, the shape of which is shown by the letter H, and which is
so constructed that the principal part comes in direct contact with the
heat of the stove I. Combustion is induced by means of a slight jet
of steam from the apparatus, and thrown on the stove by a conduit
pipe J O is the chimney.
Having now described the apparatus, I will proceed to mention the
modus operandi. The plants being placed in the double bottom K,
shown by the dotted lines, a sufficient quantity of alkaline liquor is
poured on them so that they are immersed therein of a strength (for

page_text: wood) of from 8 to 10 degrees Beaumé, and for plants from 2 to 5
degrees. The lid being replaced and closely fixed the internal tem-
perature is raised to from 200 to 210 degrees centigrade in two hours and
a half, which is effected by the tubes in which currents of hot air
constantly circulate; at the end of this time the operation is completed,
the liquid and steam is emptied by the cock G, the double bottom K is
removed, and the produce obtained is washed and bleached, and is fit
for use, one for the manufacture of paper, and the other for spinning.
as
"
The apparatus shown by the Figures 3 and 4 differs only from the
former in the addition to the lower part of the boiler A of an arrange-
ment of tubes L communicating with those B. In all these pipes a
fusible alloy, such, for instance, as that known Darcet's alloy"
composed of bismuth, tin, and lead, is placed, or any other fusible
metal. The employment of fusible metals in lieu of hot air equally
produces a rapid elevation of temperature in such wise that the particles.
being free they carry with them all over the apparatus the amount of
heat they have absorbed through the medium of the pipes L plunging
into the stove I. The conductibility of this alloy is also a great help in
the transmission of heat. This latter apparatus may be advantageously
employed in the rapid production of steam on account of the great
conductibility of the metals and the extreme mobility of the particles of
the alloy as means of transmitting heat.
Having thus described my Invention, what I claim and desire to
secure by Letters Patent is, the method of separating the fibrous
matter from textile plants and wood as herein explained, together
with the apparatus before described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawings whether by means of hot air or an alloy of fusible metals as
vehicles of heat.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gustave Demailly, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.