Improvements in Pipe Joints.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 24th Dec., 1891--Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe Joints.
WILLIAM GLEAVE 31 Shaw Road Heaton Moor in the County of Lancashire
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in and relating to the
joints of earthenware pipes, when jointed by means of cement.
When joints are made watertight by means of cement, some difficulty is
experienced in jointing the temporary joints which prevent the liquid cement
passing out of the cavity.
Some manufacturers use composition rings moulded upon the socket and spigot
ends to form an annular cavity and when two pipes are put together the temporary
jointing is assisted by plastic cement laid on with brushes.
These pipes require great care to joint them and they are much more costly to
manufacture than an ordinary earthenware pipe.
Pipes made in accordance with my invention have spigot ends of the ordinary
kind.
The socket ends have two collar rings, forming a double socket internally.
In each pipe, the small ring, which is nearest the pipe body, is made about the
same diameter internally as the outside diameter of the pipe body, so that the
spigot end will enter, and rest inside this collar ring, the collar ring further from
the pipe body is made of larger diameter to form an annular cavity between the
outside diameter of the spigot, and inside diameter of the larger socket collar.
When two pipes are jointed, the extreme end of the spigot is bedded in jointing
material laid between the internal diameter of the pipe and the internal diameter
of the small collar, forming a temporary joint, to prevent liquid cement passing
inside the pipes.
This joint may be made with clay, rubber, or other jointing material.
The temporary joint to prevent the escape of cement outside the pipes is made
by means of a packing ring of any pliable material, placed under the large collar,
which may be tightened by wedges or screw clips.
The socket is sufficiently deep to form an annular cavity between the packing ring
and the small collar ring, for the reception of cement to form the permanent cement
joint.
I provide openings in the socket ends of the pipes to allow the cement to be
poured inside the annular cavity.
Thus the joints are simple and easy to make, and a perfectly sound cement joint
is made, which is practically stronger than the pipe body, and the joints are also
convenient for manufacture.
Dated this 31st day of October 1891.
WILLIAM GLEAVE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe Joints.
I WILLIAM GLEAVE of 31 Shaw Road, Heaton Moor in the County of Lancashire
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has for its object certain improvements in and relating to the
joints of earthenware pipes when jointed by means of cement.
When joints are made watertight by means of cement, some difficulty is

page_text: experienced in Jointing the temporary joints, which prevent the liquid cement
passing out of the cavity.
Some manufacturers use composition rings moulded upon the socket, and spigot
ends to form an annular cavity, and when two pipes are put together the temporary
jointing is assisted by plastic cement, laid on with brushes.
These pipes require great care. to joint them, and they are much more costly to
manufacture than an ordinary earthenware pipe.
Pipes made in accordance with my invention have spigot ends of the ordinary
kind. The socket ends have two collar rings forming a double socket internally.
In each pipe the small ring, which is nearest the pipe body, is made about the
same diameter internally as the outside diameter of the pipe body, so that the
spigot end will enter and rest inside this collar ring, the collar ring further from
the body is made of larger diameter to form an annular cavity between the outside
diameter of the spigot and inside diameter of the larger socket collar.
When two pipes are jointed, the extreme end of the spigot is bedded in jointing
material laid in the socket between the internal diameter of the pipe and the
internal diameter of the small collar, forming a temporary joint to prevent liquid
cement passing inside the pipes. This joint may be made with clay, rubber, or
other jointing material.
The temporary joint to prevent the escape of cement outside the pipes is made
by means of a packing ring of any pliable materiál, placed under the large collar,
which may be tightened by wedges or screw clips.
The socket is sufficiently deep to form an annular cavity between the packing
ring and the small collar ring, for the reception of cement to form the permanent
cement joint.
I provide openings in the socket ends of the pipes to allow the cement to be
poured inside the annular cavity, these openings may be placed in the large collar
ring, or made on the edge of the socket, or in the packing ring, or in clay or in any
of the well known methods employed in jointing pipes with cement.
These openings
form no part of my invention and are not new.
The socket and spigot may be scored or formed with a kind of thread on the
jointing surfaces to give a better grip with the cement.
Thus the joints are simple and easy to make and a perfectly sound cement joint
is made which is practically stronger than the pipe body and the pipes are also
convenient for manufacture.
That my invention may be clearly understood I have hereunto attached two
sheets of drawings illustrative thereof, marked with letters and figures of reference
corresponding with those in the following explanation.
In all the figures the same letters of reference, indicate the same or corresponding
parts.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a pipe constructed for jointing according to
my invention.
Figure 2 is an external plan thereof.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through the pipe joint made by the use of a
temporary wedge shaped packing ring.
Figure 4 is a cross section through joint.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through the pipe joint made by the use of a
temporary packing ring and clips.
Figure 6 is a cross section through joint, showing clips.
any
Referring to Figures 1 and 26 is the body of the pipe which may of suitable
length, a is the spigot end adapted to form a spigot to the depth it is buried inside
the socket end when placed together, and e is the socket end is the small collar
ring nearest the pipe body, and d is the larger socket collar. This forms a double
socket internally, both collars being made in one with and forming a part of the
pipe is the place where temporary jointing material is laid, is the extreme
end or annular face of the spigot; g. is the place where temporary jointing material
is placed for external joint.

page_text: The construction of the pipe joint is shown in Figure 3 wherein j is a temporary
wedge shaped packing ring, to be removed when the cement is set.
Figure 5 represents the same joint made by the aid of temporary clips, the
packing ring being attached or placed under the clips k as shown in Figure 6.
The clips are made of metal and jointed at n having wedge shaped projecting
ends m so that by passing the shackle up the ends a pressure is produced upon the
packing ring and it is pressed tightly under the end of the large collar ring 9 of
the socket end; or a pneumatic ring may be employed.
When pipes constructed in accordance with my invention are jointed, they first
receive the temporary jointing material for the inside joint at, and then the spigot
is placed inside the socket and pressed forward against the said jointing material;
the packing ring j is next placed in position and afterwards the cement is poured
through the usual apertures in socket e or through the ring j into the annular cavity
between the two temporary joints f and j, and allowed to set before the packing ring
is removed.
The packing ring may be made in clay where circumstances will permit, as it is
obvious any kind of material to make the outer joint tight will effect the same
object.
Although I have above described my invention in respect of earthenware pipes
with cement joints, it is obvious that the same joint is adapted for use with pipes of
iron or other material and jointed with lead, sulphur, or other jointing material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The construction of a pipe having spigot and double socketed socket ends as
illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 for jointing pipes as in Figures 3 and 4 and as herein-
above described.
2. The hereinbefore described improvements in pipe joints consisting in making
two collar rings in the socket end of a pipe forming a double socket therein to
receive the spigot end of the next pipe and the jointing material as set forth.
Dated this 24th day of December 1891.