Improvements in Casements and Window Frames.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 28th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 4th June,
1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Casements and Window Frames.
I, WILLIAM ARTHUR SMITH BENSON, of 39, Montagu Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
According to this invention I construct a window frame with its mullions or
vertical divisions formed of cylindrical metal rods or tubes and its transoms or
horizontal cross bars or plates also formed of metal and with an annular or seg-
mental socket at each end to fit around or against the cylindrical mullions so that
they can be set to any angle around them when for example a bay window of any
desired form is to be made. The annular or segmental sockets are locked at the
required height to the cylindrical mullions by screw bolts. Wooden beads may
also be secured to the cross bars and mullions for the casements to close against.
The cross bars are also formed with outwardly projecting sills-these at one of their
ends near to one of the mullions have a pin projecting from them which forms a
pivot for the casement to be turned around. On the upper side of each sill are also
projecting stop pieces ranged around the pivot pin. When the casement is par-
tially opened the lower part of it or a projection on its under side comes against the
first of these stops but by slightly lifting the casement it can be turned past it and
then again allowed to drop so that the casement is then held between two of these
stops and so held open to any desired extent. The two metal pins upon which the
casement turns-the one at the top and the other at the bottom allow of the case-
ment being thus slightly lifted. The framework of the glazed casement itself may
be of cast or wrought metal in any desired ornamental patterns.
In place of the sills being formed with projecting stop pieces ranged around
the pivot pin they might have holes or sockets formed in them for a pin on the
underside of the casement to drop into.
Casements thus pivotted and locked when open can be used with mullions and
sill plates of other form and material.

page_text: manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
According to this invention I construct a casement or window frame with
mullions or vertical divisions formed of cylindrical metal rods or tubes and transoms
or horizontal cross bars or plates also formed of metal and with an annular or
segmental socket at each end to fit around or against the cylindrical mullions so
that they can be set to any angle around them when for example a bay window of
any desired form is to be made. The annular or segmental sockets are locked at
the required height to the cylindrical mullions by screw bolts. Wooden beads
may also be secured to the cross bars and mullions for the hinged casements to
close against. The cross bars are also formed with outwardly projecting sills-
these at one of their ends near to one of the mullions have a pin projecting from
them which forms a pivot, for the hinged casement to be turned around. On the
upper side of each sill are also projecting stop pieces ranged around the pivot pin.
When the hinged casement is partially opened the lower part of it or a projection
on its under side comes against the first of these stops but by slightly lifting the
hinged casement it can be turned past it and then again allowed to drop so that the
hinged casement is then held between two of these stops and so held open to any
desired extent. The two metal pins upon which the casement turns the one at
the top and the other at the bottom allow of the casement being thus slightly lifted.
The framework of the glazed casement itself may be of cast or wrought metal in
any desired ornamental patterns.
In place of the sills being formed with projecting stop pieces ranged around the
pivot pin they might have holes or sockets formed in them for a pin on the under-
side of the hinged casement to drop into.
Casements thus pivotted and locked when open can be used with mullions and
sill plates of other form and material.
Figure 1 of the drawings annexed shews a front view of one division of the lower
part of one form of window frame constructed in the above manner.
Figure 2 is a section on the line ab Figure 1 shewing in plan the cross bar or
mullion with its outwardly projecting sill.
Figure 3 is a section shewing how several such divisions may be erected at any
angle one to another.
Figure 4 is a plan view in section on a larger scale shewing one end of a cross
bar or mullion. Figure 5 is a face view of the same.
In these figures A are the upright tubes forming the mullions, B are the cross
bars with segmental sockets at each end to fit against the two upright tubes to
which they are to be secured. Care socket plates into recesses in which the lower
ends of the tubes are received, similar socket plates are provided at the top of the
tubes. In the drawings I have shewn each socket plate formed to receive the ends
of three tubes two for the transomes or cross bars to be secured to and the third to
assist in carrying the roof and upper part of the structure but this is not essential.
DD are screw bolts by which the transomes B are secured to the upright tubes.
EE are pins projecting upwards and downwards from the transomes near one end
and forming pivots for the casements to turn upon. The pins may conveniently
form part of a brass block I secured within a hole formed through the outer sill
plate of the transome as shewn at Figures 4 and 5. GG are the casements.
HH are wooden mouldings secured to the upper and under side of the transomes
and to the upright tubes A for the casements to close against. A bolt may be
secured to the inner side of each casement say at X to fasten the casement when
closed. I I¹ I² are stop pins on the upper side of each sill ranged around the pivot
pin. These allow of the window being set partially open as indicated by the
dotted lines 1 or more open as by the dotted lines 2 or fully open as by the dotted
lines 3 in Figure 2. In these two latter positions the stops retain the window and
keep it from closing as above explained, the stop 12 limits the distance to which the
window can be opened.

page_text: To facilitate lifting the casements to raise them over the filling stops I I¹ portions
of the metal framework say at the parts marked Y Y may be made to project
inwards and serve as handles for slightly lifting the frame.
KK are filling pieces to close the small space between the two upright tubes to
which the transomes are secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The construction of casements or window frames with mullions of cylindrical
metal rods or tubes and with metal transomes or cross bars with annular or
segmental sockets at each end to fit around or against the cylindrical mullions so
that they can be set to any angle around them.
2. The construction of casements or window frames substantially as herein before
described and illustrated in the drawing annexed.
3. The means substantially as described for retaining the hinged casements
either partially or fully open.