IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ephraim Seel, of Greenfield, in the County of
York, Mechanic, and Thomas Shaw, of the same Place, Tanner,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES."
Sealed the 11th August 1871, and dated the 17th February 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ephraim Seel and
Thomas Shaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 17th February 1871.
We, EPHRAIM SEEL, of Greenfield, in the County of York, Mechanic,
and THOMAS SHAW, of the same Place, Tanner, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates more particularly to the tuyeres employed in
connection with smiths' fires. In our improved tuyeres the passage
through which the blast of air is conveyed to the fire is split or divided
into two branches of equal or nearly equal length, and the said two
branches curve or tend outwardly from each other and upwards and
terminate each in a tuyere, the said tuyeres being opposed the one to

page_text: the other. The blast of air is thus divided into two streams which are
or may be for all practical purposes equal in volume and in force, and
the said streams are delivered into the body of fuel situated between
and above the said tuyeres. The said branches leading to the tuyeres
are formed with an outer casing through which water is allowed to
circulate or is caused to flow as is usual. We prefer to fit each of the
said branches with a sliding shutter valve or with a valve of a suitable
construction, in order that either of the tuyeres may be used without
the other tuyere or a single valve may be arranged and fitted in such
a manner as to shut off either tuyere as desired. We also prefer to fit
a regulating valve to the main air passage. We form an opening at or
near the bend of the main passage at the part where any dirt which may
enter the tuyeres and fall down the aforesaid branches will be liable to
collect, the said opening being fitted with a valve which may be opened
when required in order to effect the discharge of the said dirt. We
prefer to employ a weighted lever to close the last-named valve but
this arrangement may be varied.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ephraim Seel and Thomas Shaw in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 17th August 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EPHRAIM
SEEL, of Greenfield, in the County of York, Mechanic, and THOMAS
SHAW, of the same Place, Tanner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Ephraim Seel and Thomas Shaw, Her
special license that we, the said Ephraim Seel and Thomas Shaw, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Ephraim Seel and Thomas Shaw, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle

page_text: of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TUYERES," upon the con-
dition, amongst others, that we, the said Ephraim Seel and Thomas
Shaw, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Ephraim Seel and Thomas Shaw,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that
is to say :-
Our Invention relates more particularly to the tuyeres employed in
connection with smiths' fires. In our improved tuyeres the passage
through which the blast of air is conveyed to the fire is split or divided
into two branches of equal or nearly equal length, and the said two
branches curve or tend outwardly from each other and upwards,
and terminate each in a tuyere, the said tuyeres being opposed the
one to the other. The blast of air is thus divided into two streams,
which are or may be for all practical purposes equal in volume and in
force, and the said streams are delivered into the body of fuel situated
between and above the said tuyeres. The said branches leading to the
tuyeres are formed with a passage through which water is allowed to
circulate or is caused to flow as is usual. We prefer to fit each of the
said branches with a sliding shutter valve or with a valve of a suitable
construction, in order that either of the tuyeres may be used without
the other tuyere, or a single valve may be arranged and fitted in such
a manner as to shut off either tuyere as desired.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood we have
supplied a Sheet of Drawings to accompany this Specification, to which
Drawings we will in this place refer. Fig. 1 is drawn about one-
twelfth of the full size and represents a vertical section through a
smiths' hearth fitted with one of the improved double tuyeres. In this
example the said tuyere a is made of cast iron and is formed with two
air passages b, b, and with a water passage c.. The said tuyere is bolted
to a branch pipe d which is in connection with an air main e and two
sliding valves are fitted at f in order that the flow of air may be cut

page_text: off from either or from both of the air passages b, b. A valve of a
similar nature may be fitted to the pipe d if preferred, in which case the
flow of air may be cut off from both of the said air passages by closing
the said valve. The water passage c is formed on the upper side of
the lower part of each air passage, but when forming the core to pro-
duce the said water passage in the casting the upper ends of the said
core are so suitably formed as that the said water passage shall entirely
surround the portions of the air passages which are more directly exposed
to the heat of the fire, that is to say, the parts marked 2 in Fig. 1.
The lower end of the water passage is in communication with the
water cisterng through the pipe h, and each of the upper ends of the
said passage is connected with the said cistern by means of the pipe or
pipes i, i, so that water can flow from the cistern through the said
water passage as represented by the arrows. The air from the main
An
flows through the air passages in the direction of the arrows.
opening is formed in the lower part of the bend of the branch pipe d
and to the said opening is fitted a hinged valve k which is formed or
fitted with an arm or lever on which is formed or fixed a weight/
which weight tends to keep the said opening closed. By raising the
said weight any dirt which may have entered the air passages and have
fallen into the said branch pipe may be readily discharged through the
said opening. Fig. 2 illustrates a modification which may be made in
the said tuyere. In this example the water passage c surrounds the
air passages b, b, throughout nearly the whole of their length. One
end of the said water passage is extended into the form of a branch
pipe and is bolted to the water cistern. The water flows from the
cistern and through the water passage in the direction of the arrows and
returns to the cistern through a pipe, a portion of which is shewn at m.
A sliding valve or shuttler is employed in place of the hinged valve
shewn in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 represents a cross section on the line n, o. If
preferred the said tuyeres may be fitted with loose nozzles as exemplified
In Fig. 4 the part of the tuyere extending above the
line p is formed in a separate piece and is bolted to the body of the
tuyere. In Fig. 5 the part to the left of the line p is also formed as a
separate piece.
by Figs. 4 and 5.

page_text: and use the improved double tuyeres constructed, fitted, and acting
substantially as herein-before described and set forth and as illustrated
by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Ephraim Seel and Thomas Shaw,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixteenth day of
August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one.
Signed and sealed by the said
Ephraim Seel and Thomas
Shaw in the presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent for the Petitioners,
3, Smithy Door,
Manchester.
EPHRAIM SEEL. (L.S.)
THOS. SHAW. (L.S.)