Improvements in Apparatus for Cutting and Shaping Wood and the like.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 10th-Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 7th Dec., 1888
Improvements in Apparatus for Cutting and Shaping Wood and
the like.
I WILLIAM SANDAY of Radcliffe on Trent in the county of Nottingham, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD AND THE LIKE to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to a former Patent for cutting angles granted to me
under the No. 6900 bearing date 22nd May 1886 and relates to certain modifications
and additional parts by which two different angles or bevils can be cut on a single
piece of wood at one and the same operation.
As is well known in joinery and cabinet making such angles or bevils are frequently
necessary.
On the sliding, adjustable table raised and lowered by any convenient method, which
is also described in the above recited Letters Patent No. 6900 as being capable of a
longitudinal and lateral motion, I mount a revolving top turning on a pin in the
centre of the adjustable table, this movable top is placed or sloped at any angle it
may be desired to cut the material, which is kept in position against the inclined top
by any suitable means; the top being fixed in the required position by set screws.
At the same end of the saw head or shaft a frame work of any convenient form is
fixed by screws and serves as à support to an arm or arms carrying a circular saw
or saws.
This
This arm consists of an open frame in which the saw revolves with its axis.
arm fits in a socket in the support alluded to, so that it can be turned in any direction
for placing the saw at the requisite angle in relation to the piece of wood to be
cut, so that the saw will cut any angles or bevils of a different slope.
The saw frame is fixed by a thumb screw in the socket of the support in the
position required for cutting the said angles or bevils.

page_text: The arm or arms carrying the saw or saws may vary in form and are also
employed in housing or trenching step ladders and cutting the ends of same.
They are also used for carrying the tools for working all kinds of circular or
irregularly formed mouldings.
The adjustable table is likewise provided with jaws with centres, and an index plate,
for holding work, while operating on such articles as table or chair legs and soforth
to be reeded fluted, or moulded by a tool carried at the end of the saw shaft.
On this table are slots in which pins or cramps can be placed, these pins, or cramps
serve as guides to the work in cutting various curves and other forms in cabinet making.
Motion is communicated to the saw in the saw frames by means of a pulley mounted
on one end of the axis of the saw and passing an endless band or cord over a pulley
on the main saw shaft.
Dated this 10th of Lunvani 1000
MESSRS. A. C. HENDERSON & Co.,
46, Southampton Buildings, and
Lincoln Place, Dublin,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Cutting and Shaping Wood and
the like.
1 WILLIAM SANDAY of Radcliffe on Trent, in the county of Nottingham, Gentle-
man do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
"and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD AND THE LIKE
This invention has reference to a former Patent for cutting angles, granted to me
under the No. 6900 bearing date the 22 May 1886 and relates to certain modifications
and additional parts, by which two different angles or bevils can be cut on a single..
piece of wood at one and the same time and operation.
As is well known in joinery and cabinet making, such angles or bevils are frequently
necessary.
The improvements on my above recited patent have reference 1st to the adjustable.
tables together with the method and means employed in sloping and adjusting them
at the requisite slope for cutting the desired angle, 2nd to the novel appliances and
arms of various formations for carrying a circular saw or other tool borne by a
support mounted at the head of the saw shaft. The said arms being likewise employed
for supporting and bearing the tools for working any description of either circular
or irregular shaped mouldings, housing or trenching step ladders and cutting the
ends of the same.
The adjustable table being provided with jaws with centres and an index plate for
holding work, while operating on such articles as table or chair legs and so forth to
be reeded, fluted, or moulded by a tool carried at the end of the saw shaft.
The table being provided with slots in which pins or cramps can be placed, which
serve as guides to the work in cutting various curves and other forms in cabinet
making.
Fig. 1 sheet 1 is a front view of the apparatus.
Fig. 2, sheet 2 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 3, sheet 3 is an end view.
Fig. 4, is a plan of a table carrying apparatus for fluting.
Fig. 5, is a side view of the same Figure.
Fig. 6, is a plan of a table having T grooves for cramping down work.
Fig. 7, is a side view of this Figure.
Fig. 8, sheet 4, is a side view of a boring arrangement, the supporting frame
dispensed with.
Fig. 9, represents a mandrel for saws &c., without the supporting frame.
Fig. 10, Boring arrangement the supporting frame retained.
Fig. 11, represents an arm for moulding seen in detail.
The same letters of reference indicate like parts seen in the several Figures.
A, A. Figs. 1. sheet 1. and 3 sheet 3. are the standards these carry the By whool R

page_text: to which is attached the slow speed pulley B¹, used in boring &c.
actuated in the usual manner by the crank and treadles.
The fly wheel is
C, is the bed of the machine bearing the headstock D; this latter carries the
shaft E, bearing the pulley F, driven by the. fly wheel B, by means of a strap
or band.
The circular-saw table G is mounted on the head-stock, this table is hinged in the
centre at G1, so as to allow of its being sloped to any angle it is desired by aid of an
adjustable strut G" to cut the material or work. The circular saw His mounted
on the shaft E. So far this description relates to circular saw tables for cutting
angles.
As regards the double angle cutter, a frame work I vide Figs. 1, and 2 is mounted
on the head-stock D, this frame extends so as to form a bearing at 1', into which a
forked arm J, is inserted, a spindle K passes through the forked arms, and bears a
circular saw or cutter L, driven by means of a pulley M, mounted on the spindle, and
receiving motion from the pulley F, on the shaft E, by means of a band or cord guided
by guide pulleys N, N, Figs. 1, and 2, borne by the radial holder O, Figs. 1, 2,
and 3.
Below this saw (or other tool as the case may be) is a horizontal bed U, supported
at one end by an adjustable leg V, whilst the opposite end is hinged to a slide Q,
sliding on the vertical bed P, borne by the standard A, and bed C.
This slide (and with it the bed U) is raised or lowered by means of a screw R,
vide Fig. 3 sheet 3, which screw is actuated by the spur gearing and shaft S.
The upper part of, the slide is provided with lugs T, T, serving as pivots to the
horizontal bed U. By this it will be seen that the bed U, can be raised or lowered to
any convenient position, or placed at any desired inclination, as it is hinged to the
slide Q, at T, T. An adjustable strut W, maintains the bed U, at the angle
determined on.
A slide X, is mounted on this bed, and is moved along it by aid of the rack and
*pinion X¹. On this slide a cross slide Y is placed also moved by a rack and
pinion Y a pin or centre Z is placed on the top of this cross slide, and serves as
pivot for the table Z, which latter can thus be turned so as to present a piece of
work placed on it, at any desired angle to the saw or cutter, and it is obvious that by
means of the slides X, Y, and their respective racks and pinions, the table can be
advanced or withdrawn longitudinally or transversely.
The table Z, is fixed in any desired position by means of a set screw working in a
quadrant Z
In lieu of the table Z, I also make use of others working on the same centre, one
of these is shown by Figs. 4 and 5, sheet 3.
This table is arranged so as to carry two small heads a, and b, capable of being
raised or lowered from their supports c, c, and provided with centres to carry the
work d.
The head is provided with a division plate so as to space the work for fluting &c.
The headstocks a, and b, are attached to the table e, by means of my patent rack, and jaw
No. 404-1888 which permits their being quickly placed in any desired position and
once so established they rigidly fasten themselves without screws or cramping..
Figs. 6 and 7 show another table f, having T grooves for holding work, which can
be fastened down by means of cramping screws g, or the work can be held by means
of jaws as I also place a rack on the under side of the T grooves.
This table is also useful for fixing guide pins such as h, h, so that any curved or
irregularly shaped work can be presented to the saw or cutter in a regular
manner.
In using my invention for boring &c. I drive the shaft E, by means of the slow
speed pulley B. When the frame work bearing I, is in position I place an extension
piece, Fig. 10, sheet 4, on the mandrel nose ¹, by screwing it thereon, this piece i,
has a nose g, on which I fix the chucks &c. used in boring as shown Fig. 10. If the
bearing I, is removed from the headstock D, I screw the chucks &c. on to the mandrel
nose itself as shown Figs. 8, and 9 sheet 4."

page_text: Fig. 8 shows the arrangement for boring, and Fig. 9, shows the mandrel nose
carrying an additional mandrel for saw cutters &c.
Fig. 11, represents another arm k, fitting into the bearing I, this arm is forked and
carries an axis provided at one end with a screw nose e to which cutter, blocks can be
attached as shown at m, this axis is driven by the pulley n, in the same manner as the
saw L, shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
It is obvious that these saws, or cutters may be used in any position, vertical or
horizontal, or at any desired angle, as they are fixed in any position in the bearing I,
by the set screws I.
In Fig. 2, sheet 2, the arrangement for cutting mitres (on picture frames and so
forth is shown) on the circular saw table G. On this table I place a framework 1
which carries the work to be cut by the saw H. This frame work carries suitable
guide pieces 2, and 3, against which the work rests and is fed to the saw by hand, the
guide strips 4, working in the slots 5, made in the saw table G.
Instead of using this arrangement for mitre cutting on the circular saw table G, I
also use it on the tale Z, Fig. 1 and I prefer this plan as I get the saw above the work
and it prevents the breaking away of the upper face of the moulding under the. cuts,
and thus prevents the moulding from being injured.
The adjustable fence 6 shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 is capable of being fixed at any
desired distance, by sliding on the guide bars 7 and is fixed by the set screws 8.
The guide bar 7 is graduated in inches.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In angle or mitre cutting machines (such as herein described) an adjustable table
top G, mounted on the headstock, hinged in the centre to allow of one part or flap
being lowered or sloped at any angle desired, by means of the adjustable strut G,
and in combination with this table, a circular saw H, fences 6, for securing work;
frame work 1, for carrying the work to be cut, having guide pieces 2 & 3 against
which the work rests, and guide strips 4 working in slots 5, in the said saw table
vide Figs. 1 and 2.
2. In combination with this machine a frame work I, Figs. 1, 2, 3 mounted on the
headstock D, and extending to I, on which a forked arm J, is mounted, hearing a
circular saw or other cutting tool, on a spindle driven by pulleys M, F, with
guides N, N, and radial holder O.
3. In combination with the said apparatus, a horizontal bed U, supported by
adjustable leg V, and hinged slide Q, sliding in vertical bed P, borne by standards A,
and bed C. The bed U, being raised or lowered by the screw R vide Fig. 3, sheet 3,
aided in its movement by spur gearing on shaft S. The upper part of the slide being
provided with lugs T, T, acting as pivots to the horizontal bed, so that it can be raised,
lowered or placed at any angle, aided by the adjustable strut W.
4. The method of construction and application of the forked armis carrying the
circular saw or other cutting tool.
5. The combination and application to the bed U of the table Z with slide X racks
and pinions X pin or centre Z, cross slide Y, with rack and pinion Y" and set screw
and quadrant Z, Figs. 1, 2, 3.
6. In combination with the table U, and in lieu of table Z, the table shown
Figs. 4 and 5, sheet 3, carrying two headstocks a, b, capable of being raised or
lowered from their supports c, c, and provided with centres for carrying work d,
these heads being attached to the table e, by means of racks and jaws.
7. In combination with the table U, and in lieu of the previously described table,
the table f Figs. 6, 7, having T, grooves for holding work, fastened down by
cramping screws g, or held by jaws, and having guide pins h, h, so that any curved
or irregularly shaped work can be presented to the saw or cutter in a regular
manner.

page_text: ε. In combination with the frame work bearing I, (as applied to my apparatus) the
extension piece i, Fig. 10, slicet 4, and mandrel noses E and g, on which latter
chucks or other tools are fixed for boring.
Or if the bearing I, is removed from the headstock D, the chucks are screwed on
the mandrel nose vide Figs. 8 and 9, sheet 4.
9. Applying to a forked arm K as in Fig. 11 a screw nose e, to which cutter blocks
can be attached as at m.
The whole in the manner by the means and for the purposes substantially as herein
setforth.
Dated this 10th day of October 1888
A. C. HENDERSON & Co.,
46, Southampton Buildings,
Agents for the Applicant.