Improvements in Structural Arrangements for Combining Strength with Rigidity in a manner applicable to Flooring, Walling, and the like Structural Purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 26th June, 1897-Accepted, 31st July, 1897
TION,
Improvements in Structural Arrangements for Combining Strength
with Rigidity in a manner applicable to Flooring, Walling, and the
like Structural Purposes.
I, EDWARD LLOYD PEASE, of Messrs. Ashmore Benson Pease and Company, Limited;
Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:--
This Invention comprises certain improvements and novel features which are
applicable with advantage to various kinds of structural arrangements of the kind
described in my application for Letters Patent No. 10,637 of 1894, and in which open
tubular vessels or their equivalents or substitutes are employed with other sections of
iron, steel or the like strain resisting material in the manner and with the objects
as hereinafter described.
In this invention open tubular vessels or slotted tiibes are spaced at intervals likef
beams or joists for interlocking sheets of iron or steel which span the said intervals o
space and are curved or arched in some cases to stiffen them. These sheets are
flanged or turned in to thread into the slotted tubes, or the interlocking may be
effected by means of separate or detached angle pieces or strips threaded into the
slotted tubes, with the other edge in each case projected outwards to engage with and
take the thrust of the intervening sheet. The construction is not confined to the use
of tubular vessels properly so called and these may be considerably varied in form, as.
for instance a triangular form in section, so long as the form used comprises the
properties of an open or slotted hollow beam into which an angle edged plate or angle
strip can be threaded for interlocking the several parts into one structure. The
special advantages to be derived from this construction are greater portability of the
several parts and facility for transport, together with facility of covering the metal
sheets with felt, canvas or the like material.
Dated this 25th day of September 180c
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Structural Arrangements for Combining Strength
with Rigidity in a manner applicable to Flooring, Walling, and the
like Structural Purposes.
I, EDWARD LLOYD PEASE, of Messrs. Ashmore, Benson, Pease and Company
Limited, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention comprises certain improvements and novel features which are

page_text: applicable with advantage to various kinds of structural arrangements of the kind
described in my application for Letters Patent No. 10,637 of 1894 for combining
strength with rigidity in the manner required for roofing, walling, tanks for holding
water, and the like structural purposes, in which open or slotted tubular vessels or
their equivalents or substitutes are employed with other sections of iron, steel, wood,
or the like strain resisting material including canvas, in the manner and with the
objects as hereinafter described.
The means for carrying my invention into effect are to be understood from the
following description taken with reference to the drawings hereto annexed and are
characterized by a simplicity of parts which are detachable and portable and by the
easy means of interlocking and compacting them into one structure in the
construction of houses, sheds, tents or the like permanent or temporary structures for
which purposes such structural arrangements can be made weatherproof and otherwise
adapted for their intended purpose by the use of outer coverings and inner linings of
various materials in direct contact with the iron plates or other constructive materials
used or as an inner lining stretched across from joint to joint to form air spaces, or as
a double or internally lined wall.
Fig. 1 illustrates in transverse section a wall or roof construction in which open
tubular vessels or slotted tubes a spaced at intervals like beams or posts for inter-
locking sheets b of strain resisting material which span the said intervals of space
and are straight or flat as shown or are curved or arched in some cases to stiffen
them. These sheets are provided with inset flanges along their edges to thread into
Fig. 2
the slotted tubes, the sections being brought together to form a close joint.
is a similar view to Fig. 1 but in this case the metal sheets are covered with a non-
conducting material c such as felt, canvas or the like material similarly strained to serve
as a weatherproof covering. In Fig. 3 a transverse section of a wall or roof construction
is shown in which the interlocking is effected by means of separate or detached angle
bars or strips d d which take the place of the inset flanges and are threaded into the
slotted tubes a with the other edge in each case projected outwards to engage with and
take the thrust of the intervening sheet bor the sheets binay be attached to the angular
strips d if desired. In this case the trouble of bending the sheets themselves is saved.
Fig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 3 with a covering c of a non-conducting material such
as felt, canvas or the like material so as to make a completely weatherproof structure and
the covering o may be pinned or otherwise attached to the strips d. Fig. 5 illustrates a
structural arrangement which may be employed for temporary purposes such as a tent,
in which case the open tubular vessels are fixed in position and interlock the
angular strips d together with the canvas or felt c which is stretched in the manner
shown. On the outside of the non-conducting covering wire-mesh netting may be
fixed in a similar manner to the felt for the protection of same from damage and to
keep it in position.. In Figs. 6 and 7 which illustrate my structural arrangements as
adapted for roofs whether concave or convex the open tubular vessels a are interlocked
by means of the angular strips d with a cambered sheet inserted between. In this
case it is not necessary to cover the structure with a non-conducting material as the
tubes are external to the sheets and in that position are sufficient by themselves to
keep the joints weatherproof. I do not limit myself to metal sheets & as hereinbefore
described but can use strawboard with good results and various vegetable, mineral and
composite slabs. The metal strips d may be attached to the strawboard or the latter
may be inserted in a cambered form. In Figs. 8 and 9 the building is lined with
panels of suitable material such as fibrous plaster, strawboard or canvas, either
inserted between the tubular connecting pieces as shown in Fig. 8, or stretched in
tension between the angle pieces as shown in Fig. 9. This gives a light and
inexpensive double wall with an air space f in between when the construction takes
the form shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 10 illustrates a construction of walling in which two
timbers g are connected to the angular strips d and are thereby interlocked with the
slotted tubes a. Fig. 11 illustrates the angular strips d interlocked with two slotted
In this case a
tubes a a¹ and Fig. 12 illustrates three tubes interlocked together.
special strip a is formed with its edges turned over and interlocked by the inner and

page_text: outer tubes a a². The space in the tube a being filled with a suitable packing. These
constructions afford a better security and water tightness. Fig. 13 is a perspective
view and Fig. 14 a transverse sectional view of a covered in structure or house showing
the connection of the walls and roof which embody the structural arrangement which
constitutes my invention as illustrated in detail in Figs. 1 and 2. Where no lining
is required in the house this design makes a very cheap and easily erected structure.
The joints are made by the open tube a which is sufficiently substantial to bring the
two ordinary portions or strips b very tightly together when the said tube a is driven
on or into position from above. When a felt or other covering is used this joint is
absolutely weatherproof, and it is thus possible to construct without a rivet and with
very few bolts, a house to a great extent protected from external changes of
temperature. This house is easily taken to pieces. The weight of the tubes, which
give vertical strength to the wall is small and they are inexpensive. They are
connected together laterally by light timbers h at the top and bottom and these
may also serve for nailing a wood lining to if desired.
Fig. 15 illustrates in
transverse section a construction especially applicable for roofs in which a
waterproof cover c is stretched over wood-pulp board b; the edges of this cover are
tucked in between the board b and the metal strip d which is sewn with wire and the
whole interlocked by the tube a.
The construction is not confined to the use of circular tubular vessels properly so
called and these may be considerably varied in form, as for instance a triangular
form in cross-section so long as the form used comprises the properties of an open or
slotted hollow beam into which an angle edged plate or angle strip can be threaded
for interlocking the several parts into one structure. It is also obvious that corrugated
plates may be substituted for even or ordinary plates and when used with an inner
lining air spaces are enclosed by the said lining between the corrugations.
The special advantages to be derived from this construction are greater portability
of the several parts and facility for transport together with facility of covering the
metal sheets with felt, canvas or the like material and so making such structures
weatherproof and waterproof and adapted to be used for permanent or temporary
occupation or for the housing of cattle or agricultural produce or for water tanks and
the like receptacles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :--
1. A construction of roofs, walls, tanks, or the like structural parts or structures
characterized by a series of open tubular vessels of the forms illustrated in the
drawings hereto annexed, or their equivalents interlocked with intervening sheets of
iron or other strain resisting material including canvas, the interlocking being
effected by inset flanges or by detachable angle strips threaded into the open tubular
vessels substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by
way of example in the accompanying drawings.
2. A construction of roofs, walls, tanks or the like structural parts in which outer
sheets of iron, wood or strain resisting material whether curved or flat are interlocked
with tubular vessels or their equivalents in combination with canvas lining in the
form of a double wall substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
Dated this 25th day of June 1907
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees and Hull, Agent for the Applicant.