IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills, of the Firm of Harris
and Mills, of 23, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING
TOBACCO." A communication from abroad by Josef Krisper, William Fritsch,
Pongratz Eichelter, and Gustav Romisch, all of Vienna, in the Empire of
Austria
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard
Mills at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th July 1880.
BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and Mills, of
23, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO." A communication from
abroad by Josef Krisper, William Fritsch, Pongratz Eichelter, and Gustav Romisch,
all of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria.
Pipes hitherto in use for smoking tobacco have had the defect that during
smoking the lower layers of tobacco are wetted by the products of combustion
passing through them, thereby rendering such portion of the tobacco useless, or
giving to it a disagreable and pungent taste, and rendering it unwholesome.
According to the present Invention these defects are obviated in the manner
hereinafter described.
The burning of the tobacco is effected at one point only of the pipe, namely, at
the upper part of the interior of the bowl. The tobacco is raised to such part or
burning chamber by means of a spring, which forces the tobacco upwards as it is
consumed, by which means the smoke penetrates only that part of the tobacco
which has been raised to the burning chamber.
The present Invention is applicable to various forms and descriptions of pipes.
According to one arrangement a removeable inner bowl is employed surmounted
by a removeable burning chamber formed with a contracted orifice, a space being
formed around the upper part or burning chamber and the upper part of the inner
bowl, which communicates with the stem of the pipe by a space, or channel or
channels, between the inner and outer bowls,

page_text: The inner removeable bowl may however be dispensed with, in which case a
space or chamber is formed around the upper part of the bowl and the removeable
burning chamber, a channel or channels being formed from such space or chamber
to the stem of the pipe.
The burning chamber, which may be provided with a cover, is screwed on to a
thread formed on the upper part of the pipe, or may be otherwise fixed.
In loading the pipe with tobacco, the latter gradually compresses the spring
until the pipe is fully charged. The tobacco is prevented from being thrown out
of the pipe by the shoulder formed by the contracted diameter of the burning
chamber.
As the tobacco in the burning chamber is consumed, that below is gradually
raised by the spring, so as to keep the burning chamber filled until the tobacco is
fully consumed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th January 1881.
BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and Mills, of
23, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO." A communication from
abroad by Josef Krisper, William Fritsch, Pongratz Eichelter, and Gustav Romisch,
all of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria.
Pipes hitherto in use for smoking tobacco have had the defect that during
smoking the lower layers of tobacco are wetted by the products of combustion
passing through them, thereby rendering, such portion of the tobacco useless, or
giving to it a disagreeable and pungent taste, and rendering it unwholesome.
According to the present Invention these defects are obviated in the manner
hereinafter described.
The burning of the tobacco is effected at one peint only of the pipe, namely, at
the upper part of the interior of the bowl. The tobacco is raised to such part or
burning chamber by means of a spring, which forces the tobacco upwards as it is
consumed, by which means the sinoke penetrates only that part of the tobacco
which has been raised to the burning chamber.
The present Invention is applicable to various forms and descriptions of pipes.
According to one arrangement a moveable inner bowl is employed surmounted
by a removeable burning chamber formed with a contracted orifice, a space being
formed around the upper part or burning chamber and the upper part of the inner
bowl, which communicates with the stem of the pipe by a space, or channel or
channels, between the inner and outer bowls.
The inner removeable bowl may however be dispensed with, in which case a
space or chamber is formed around the upper part of the bowl and the removeable
burning chamber, a channel or channels being formed from such space or chamber
to the stem of the pipe.
The burning chamber, which may be provided with a cover, is screwed on to a
thread formed on the upper part of the pipe, or may be otherwise fixed.
In loading the pipe with tobacco, the latter gradually compresses the spring
until the pipe is fully charged. The tobacco is prevented from being thrown out
of the pipe by the shoulder formed by the contracted diameter of the burning
chamber.
As the tobacco in the burning chamber is consumed, that below is gradually
raised by the spring, so as to keep the burning chamber filled until the tobacco is
fully consumed.
And in order that the said Invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings, more fully
to describe the same.
Figure 1 is an elevation, and Figure 2 a longitudinal section of pipe bowl
embodying the improvements.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section thereof showing the position of parts when
the pipe is filled with tobacco; Figures 4 and 5 are elevations of the combustion
and tobacco cylinders; Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the bowl, showing such
bowl with the combustion and tobacco cylinders removed; Figures 7 and 8 are
transverse sections on lines a, b, and c, d, respectively of Figure 3; Figures 9, 10,
11, and 12 show a slight modification in the arrangements of the parts.

page_text: In the Drawings like letters of reference are employed to indicate like parts
wherever such may occur.
A represents the bowl of the pipe, which may be made of any suitable material,
and of any desired shape exteriorly as well as interiorly, so far as this latter
construction may be consistent with the proper functions of the parts combined
therewith.
It is preferred to make the interior a of the bowl A of cylindrical form but of
unequal diameter, the latter being wider from a point a¹ to the top of the bowl, as
shown at Figures 2, 3, and 7, for purposes hereinafter explained. The upper end of
the bowl is provided with a threaded metallic sleeve a³, upon which is screwed the
combustion cylinder B provided with a lid b, a flaring mouth b¹, and a lower
cylindrical combustion chamber 62, forming between the two the contracted neck
shown at g.
The cylinder B is provided with annular sleeve 6s screw threaded interiorly, and
adapted to be screwed upon the sleeve at the upper edge of the bowl A. The
exterior diameter of the combustion chamber of the cylinder B is smaller than the
upper interior diameter of the pipe bowl, thus leaving an annular space, as shown
at Figures 2, 3, 7, and 9. C is the tobacco receptacle, also of cylindrical form,
provided with a foot or projecting base c. The exterior diameter of this receptacle
is slightly less than the interior smaller diameter of the bowl A, so as to form
the annular space bt, as shown, forming a downward draft passage for the products
of combustion.
The height of the tobacco receptacle is such that when in position in the bowl A
there will be a narrow annular aperture or space between the upper face of said
receptacle and the lower face of the combustion cylinder B, as shown at Figures 2,
3, and 9. D is a follower composed of a cylindrical casing, open at bottom and
closed at top, containing a coiled spring, one end of which is attached to the top d
of the casing D, and the other free end of said spring bears against the bottom of
the tobacco receptacle C, as shown at Figures 2 and 3.
The end of the spring E is preferably made to project through the top of the
casing D, and has its end formed into a loop c¹, which may serve as a handle to
lift the follower and spring out of the tobacco receptacle and pipe bowl for the
purpose of removing any tobacco dust or ashes that may accidentally enter below
the follower.
To prevent as much as possible any tobacco or ashes passing below the follower D,
the casing is formed as shown at Figures 2 and 3, that is to say, with its upper
and lower edges fitting snugly against the interior walls of the tobacco receptacle C,
and reducing its diameter at a point d' immediately below the upper closed end of
said casing to form an annular chamber, so that any tobacco ashes that may
accidentally pass between the closed top d and the walls of tobacco receptacle will
be arrested by the lower expanded part of the casing D, which, like its top, is made
to fit sufficiently tight against the interior wall of the receptacle Ċ without
impeding its movements therein.
Instead of making the receptacle C a separate part of the pipe bowl, this and
said bowl may be formed of one piece, as shown at Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12.
It will be seen that the arrangement of parts is not necessarily confined to the
particular form of pipe bowl shown in the Drawings, and that they may be applied
to other forms, such, for instance, as those usually employed in conjunction with
nicotine reservoirs, and also that the interior configuration of the bowl need not
necessarily be cylindrical, nor is it absolutely necessary that the sleeves a², b³,
should be provided with screw threads, as these may be arranged to fit sufficiently
tight without such threads to hold them in proper position relatively to each
other.
The operation of the pipe may be briefly stated as follows:-
The tobacco receptacle C being charged with tobacco either through the flaring
or hopper mouth of the cylinder B, or by removing said cylinder, the spring E,
together with its casing, are depressed, the spring tending to press the casing and

page_text: the charge of tobacco above it upward to fill. the combustion chamber b² of the
cylinder B. The latter chamber being contracted at g, the annular shoulder formed
by such contraction will arrest the upward movement of the tobacco under the
action of the spring.
The parts being now in the position shown by Figure 3 the tobacco is ignited
in the usual manner, and the products of combustion instead of passing as usual
through the entire charge will pass only through that portion within the com-
bustion chamber, escaping through the narrow annular aperture 7 between the
latter and the top of the tobacco receptacle C, and thence into the enlarged annular
draft chamber h, from which these products pass downward through the contracted
annular passage b', and thence out through the neck A¹ into the stem.
By providing the tobacco receptacle C with a foot c the base of the bowl is
formed with a nicotine chamber i, from which the nicotine and saliva may be
readily removed. As the tobacco is consumed fresh tobacco is fed to the chamber b²
by the follower D through the action of its spring E. The advantage of this
construction and arrangement of pipe bowl will be readily understood from what
has been said above.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the mode in
which the same is carried into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim
is,-
First. The combination with the pipe bowl and a tobacco receptacle arranged to
form an annular passage between it and the pipe bowl of a removeable combustion
chamber, having the contracted combustion zone g and devices to feed the tobacco
thereto arranged and operating as and for the purpose specified.
Second. The combination with the pipe bowl, the tobacco receptacle, and tobacco
feeding devices, of the removeable combustion chamber B having the contracted
part g, and arranged relatively to the tobacco receptacle to form the annular
passage between it and said receptacle, all arranged and operating as and for the
purpose specified.
Third. The combination with the pipe bowl of a removeable combustion chamber,
a removeable tobacco receptacle, and feeding devices to feed the tobacco to said
combustion chamber, all arranged and operating as and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. The combination with the pipe bowl of the removeable combustion
chamber, the removeable tobacco receptacle, and removeable feeding devices to
feed the tobacco to the combustion chamber, all arranged and operating substantially
as described and for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The combination with the receptacle C and follower casing D of the
spring E projecting through the top d, and having loop c¹, substantially as and for
the purpose specified.
Sixth. The combination with the bowl A and the cylinder B having flaring
mouth 6, a combustion chamber 63, and a contracted part g between the two, of
the receptacle C, the follower D, and spring E, all arranged and operating sub-
stantially as and for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty fifth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and nighty one