IMPROVE- MENTS IN SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING MACHINES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING MACHINES." A communication
from abroad by Julien Désiré Ryo, Alphonse Marie Ryo, and Hector Ryo, of
the Firm of Ryo-Catteau, of Roubaix (Nord), France.
-
aled the 20th August 1878, and dated the 16th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark át
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1878.
"
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middle-
sex, Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING
MACHINES." [A communication from abroad by Julien Désiré Ryo, Alphonse Marie
Ryo, and Hector Ryo, of the Firm of Ryo-Catteau, of Roubaix (Nord), France.]
'
This Invention relates to improvements in continuous spinning, doubling, and
twisting machines. .
And in order that the Invention may be better understood, I will describe it with
reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a central
vertical section of part of a doubling and twisting frame with the improvements of
this Invention, and Figure 2, a front view of the delivery rollers and stop motion.
In these two Figures the same letters of reference indicate like parts.
A, H, dead spindles fixed to the rail T; B, brass tube free to turn on spindle A;
C, pinion fixed to tube B; t, brass tube free to turn on the top of the spindle A,
and having arms e which connect the upper ends of the flyer E fixed to a pinion D;
d, slide fitted to move up and down on one of the branches of the flyer E, which is
of rectangular section, said slide carrying an arm n that runs in a groover formed
within a ring L fixed to the copping rail K; P, P', lower delivery rollers turning
in the direction indicated by the arrows; Q, top delivery roller turning by
contact with rollers P, P¹; M, bobbin resting on a collar p fixed on the tube B;
F, pinion gearing with the pinions C, D, mounted on the tube B and flyer E respec-

page_text: tively; N, whorl in one with pinion F; Y, eye through which the two threads to
be doubled are led before passing to the delivery rollers; x, y, z, l, q, stop motion.
The following is the action:-The whorl N is driven at a high speed, as usual
in spinning and twisting machines, and the motion is transmitted by pinions F
and C, D, to the mechanism on spindle A.
The pinion D has one or two teeth less than pinion C, but both are of the same
diameter, and a slight difference in the form of the teeth is consequently necessary,
but not so much as to prevent both pinions gearing properly with pinion F. The
pinion D having the lesser number of teeth is therefore caused to rotate at a higher
speed than pinion C; and as the bobbin M is supported upon the collar p of tube B
which is fixed on pinion C, a differential motion of the flyer E and bobbin M is
established.
The thread fto be twisted passes through the delivery rollers, over the guide
rod b to the look of slide d, and thence to the bobbin M, upon which it is at same
time twisted and wound owing to the difference in speed of the flyer E and bobbin.
The flyer in revolving carries with it the slide d, which, by the arm n received
in groover of the ring L, is caused to traverse up and down with the copping
rail K as usual, so as to forin either a bobbin or cop, as desired. As however the
bobbin M can only wind just as much yarn as is delivered by the rollers P, P¹, Q,
it would be necessary, were the bobbin fixed on tube B, that the differential speed
of the tube and the flyer should be proportioned to the variations in the diameter
of the bobbin M; but the bobbin M is loose upon the tube B and the speeds are so
calculated as, by the friction of the bobbin on the collar p, to produce the drag
necessary to give sufficient tension to the yarn to produce a good twist.
The advantage of this arrangement is that the tension of the yarn on each
individual spindle may be regulated with great nicety, which is not possible
in ordinary frames, and a higher speed may be attained than has hitherto been
possible.
I am aware that it has been proposed to gear a pinion with two other pinions.
having different numbers of teeth in order to obtain a differential motion, but the
novelty in the present instance consists in the application of this principle in com-
bination with the other parts described. This arrangement is also applicable to
spinning frames by substituting drawing rollers for the delivery rollers P, P¹, Q.
Another part of the Invention relates to an improved stop motion for preventing
waste when a thread broaks either in front of or behind the delivery rollers P, P', Q,
the arrangement being applicable when but two threads are being doubled and
twisted together. Should one of the two threads happen to break the remaining
thread continues to be delivered by the rollers, untwists, and breaks, owing to the
strain upon it.
The wire which is held up by the thread being no longer supported turns
on its axis y so as to bring the wire q down upon the yarn at and guide it beneath
the part of the roller of reduced diameter, where it is no longer nipped by
the rollers, which consequently cease to deliver it to the flyer. Thus all waste of
yarn is prevented.
The above improvement is applicable to all kinds of existing doubling and twisting
fromos

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th September 1878.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middle-
sex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING
MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Julien Désiré Ryo, Alphonse Marie
Ryo, and Hector Ryo, of the Firm of Ryo-Catteau, of Roubaix (Nord), France.
This Invention relates to improvements in spinning, doubling, and twisting
frames.
And in order that the Invention may be better understood, I will describe it with
reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a cross
section through one of the spindles of a doubling and twisting frame with the
improvements of this Invention, and Figure 2, a front view of the delivery rollers
and stop motion.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both Figures.
1
A, H, are two dead spindles made of steel fixed to the cast-iron rail T; B is a
brass tube free to turn easily on spindle A, and p is a collar fixed on said tube on
which the bobbin M rests; C, D, are differential pinions, the pinion C being fixed
to the lower end of tube B, and the pinion D on the tubular stem of the flyer E,
which is mounted to revolve upon the tube B; t is a brass tube free to turn on the
upper part of the spindle A, and having arms e which connect the upper ends of
the flyer E; d is a slide fitted to move up and down on one of the branches of
the flyer E, which branch is of rectangular section. This slide carries an arm n
that runs in a groover formed within a ring L fixed to the copping rail K; F is a
pinion mounted on spindle H and gearing with both pinions C, D, and having a
whorl N in one with it; P, P', are the lower delivery rollers geared together so as
to turn in the direction of the arrows; Q is the top roller turning by contact with
rollers P, P'; Y is an eye through which the two ends to be doubled are led before
passing to the delivery rollers; x is a bracket fixed to the frame, and y is a pin
fixed thereto, on which is mounted the tube having wire arms q, l, constituting
the stop motion hereafter referred to.
The operation is as follows:-The whorl N is driven at a high speed by a belt
from a drum as usual in spinning and twisting machines, and the motion is
transmitted by pinion F and the differential pinions C, D, to the tube B and
flyer E.
The pinion D has one or two teeth less than pinion C, but both are of the same
diameter, and a slight difference in the form of the teeth is consequently necessary,
but not so much as to prevent both pinions gearing properly with pinion F. The
pinion D having the lesser number of teeth is therefore driven at a higher speed
than pinion C; and as the bobbin M rests upon and is turned by contact with the
collar p, a differential motion of the flyer E and bobbin M is established.
The threads f to be doubled pass through the delivery rollers over the guide
rod b to the hook of slide d, and thence to the bobbin M, and are twisted together
and at same time wound on the bobbin owing to the differential speed of the flyer
and bobbin.
The flyer in revolving carries with it the slide & whose arm n travels in groove
of the ring L on the copping rail K, whereby the slide d is traversed up and down
so as to fill a bobbin or form a cop, as desired. As however the bobbin M cannot
wind more yarn than is delivered by the rollers P, P¹, Q, it would be necessary,
were the bobbin fixed on the tube B, that the speed of the said tube should be
reduced in proportion to the increase in the diameter of the bobbin; but the bobbin
is loose upon the tube B, and the speeds of the tube and flyer are so calculated as,
by the friction of the bobbin on the collar p, to produce the drag necessary to give
the proper tension to the yarn to produce a good twist; for example, let the pinion
'

page_text: P
C have 30 teeth and let the pinion D have 29 teeth, and, together with the flyer E,
run at, say, 6000 revolutions a minute, then the pinion C with tube D and collar
will run th slower, and make therefore 5,800 revolutions per minute. There is
thus a differential speed of 200 revolutions between the flyer E and the collar p.
If, for instance, the yarn delivered requires 100 revolutions of the bobbin when at
its smallest diameter to wind it on, then the bobbin will, by the drag of the yarn f,
be caused to make 100 revolutions per minute on the collar p.
The advantage of this arrangement is that the tension of the yarn on each
individual spindle may be regulated with great nicety, which is not possible in
ordinary frames, and the spindles may be run at a higher speed than has hitherto
been possible. This arrangement is also applicable to machines for preparing for
spinning by substituting drawing rollers for the delivery rollers P, P¹, Q.
Another part of the Invention relates to an improved stop motion for preventing
waste when a thread breaks either in front of or behind the delivery rollers P, P, Q,
the arrangement being applicable when but two threads are being doubled and
twisted together. Should one of the two threads happen to break, the remaining
thread continues to be delivered by the rollers, becomes untwisted, and breaks,
owing to the strain upon it.
The improved stop motion l, q, has already been referred to. It consists of two.
wire arms l, q, at about right angles to one another on a tube z pivoted on a
pin y, the arm terminating in a hook through which passes the yarn f, whereby
the arms 1, 2, are held up in the position shown in full lines in Figure 2; but
immediately the yarn breaks, the arm being no longer supported thereby, the
whole l, q, z, swings on the axis y into the dotted position, Figure 2, the arm g
falling against the yarn at i, and thereby guiding it beneath the part of the
roller Q of reduced diameter, where it is no longer nipped by the rollers, which
consequently cease to deliver it to the flyer. Thus all waste of yarn is prevented.
Having described the nature of the Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I would observe that I am aware that a pinion geared with two other
pinions having different numbers of teeth in order to obtain a differential motion is
not new, but what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is,―
1st. The combination of the said differential gear with the other parts herein
described, and the application and employment thereof in spinning, doubling, and
twisting frames, substantially as shown and described.
2nd. The application and employment in doubling and twisting frames of the
improved stop motion, constructed and operating substantially as herein shown and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord