Improvements in and relating to Electric Telegraphs.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1889-Accepted, 24th Aug., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Electric Telegraphs.
I. FRANK ANDERSON, of Peekskill, in the County of Westchester, State of New
York, United States of America, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The first part of my invention relates particularly to improvements in that class of
telegraphs known as automatic or stylographic telegraphs, and to this end it consists
in an improved form of automatic telegraphic receiver.
The object of this part of my invention is to produce a record upon a continuous
sheet of paper in such a manner that it may be read as an ordinary paged book or
paper is read, so that the record is made by a series of lines which indicate in sequence
the characters transmitted, said characters being of the well known Morse or equivalent
type.
1 accomplish this object by the apparatus hereinafter described.
In all automatic telegraphic receivers in general use with which I am familiar, the
record is produced upon sensitized paper, or an equivalent receiving strip, either in
one continuous row extending in the direction of the length of the strip, or it is
produced upon a cylindrical roll of paper in the nature of a spiral line also extending
in a continuous line recorded from one end of the cylinder to the other, so that it is
only possible to place a limited amount of record paper upon the receiving
instrument.
My apparatus utilizes sensitized or equivalent record paper from a roll in the
general manner in which paper is taken from the roll in the printing of newspapers,
Looks, and other publications.
Referring to the accompanying drawings in which like letters represent like parts
wherever used.
Figure 1 sheet 1, represents an end elevation of my improved automatic telegraphic
receiver.
Figure 2, sheet 2, represents a cross sectional view on line a, a, Figure 1, taken
through the body of the instrument and showing the upper portion thereof in side
elevation.
Figure 3, sheet. 2, represents a detailed view of a modified form of the apparatus
designed to form the received record in horizontal or straight lines across
the page.
Figure 4 sheet 2 is a detailed sectional view on line y y Figure 3.
Figure 5, sheet 2, is a detailed view of a modified form of the contacting
apparatus designed to repeat the portions of the record at the ends of the lines.
Referring to the drawings in detail C, represents the supporting frame of the
instrument, in which is journalled an axle a to the outer end of which is affixed the
receiving wheel A, which has attached to one of its spokes a handle R for rotating
said wheel, or,
I may rotate it by any desired kind of power applied to the pulleys P,
shown in Figure 2, the rotation being, or course, kept in unison with the transmitting
wheel of any desired form either by any of the improved forms of governors, or, if
rotated by hand, by making the same number of rotations of said instruments at
both stations.
On the top of the frame C, is an additional frame D, carrying the paper feeding
rollers, and g, together with the paper sustaining roll E, from which the sensitized
paper is conducted under rolling in front of a metallic surface d up and between
the feed rolls e und f, the latter being connected by a cord or b¹ K, with the
pulley on the main shaft a, two idle pulleys and 2 being provided to change
the direction of said belt or cord around the large pulley H, carried by the feed roll e.

page_text: The upper feed roll f is journalled in two slotted bearings, located on the opposite
sides of the frame D, and is provided with a lifting device consisting of a rod extending
from side to side parallel with the feed roller, and baving a lifting lever G, with a
short armed lever at its lower end, which, together with a similar short armed lever
affixed to the other end of the aforesaid rod, lift said feed roll, out of contact with
the paper Z, and against the stress of the springs and ƒ³.
The function of this apparatus is to prevent the paper from being fed forward
when no messages are being transmitted so that paper may not he wasted. In other
words, if an interval of time occurs, while the apparatus is running in which no
messages are being received, the operator may simply lift the upper feed roll from
contact with the paper, and the feed of the paper is therefor stopped until the
receiving apparatus indicates through the pens, on the paper that an additional message
is being transmitted.
The wheel A, is preferably of metal and has attached to its exterior surface a series
of metallic sectors insulated from said wheel and from each other. Each of these
sectors carries an arm B, in the outer end of which is fixed, adjustably, by a set
screw or other equivalent, means, a conducting contact pen c set at an angle as
shown, so that when the wheel is rotated to the right in the direction of the arrow,
said pens will be brought successively into contact with the paper.
i is a contact spring insulated from the frame of the machine, and adapted to bear
successively upon the segments as the wheel A, is rotated in the direction of the
arrow.
This spring is connected to a binding post B1, which in turn is connected by a
wire w, to the main line running to the distant station not shown.
d is a flat metallic surface against which the paper is held by the action of the
feed rolls.
This metallic surface d is insulated from the frame D, and is connected by a
conductor to the earth, or by return wire to the distant station as desired.
The operation is as follows:-
Suppose the transmitter not shown to have been set in motion at the distant
station, and the receiver to be rotating at substantially the same rate of speed, either
by hand or by power as described. The first impulses transmitted over the line will
pass by wire to to contact spring i, sector 6, arm B, pen e, through the sensitized paper
to the metallic surface d, thence by wire w', to the earth and to the distant station.
All of the impulses which are transmitted through the first sector will therefore
be recorded in a curved line having a length substantially equal to the width of the
paper.
As long as the feed roll is held in contact with the paper, and the lower feed roll e
and the receiving wheel A is rotated, the paper will be fed forward with a continuous
motion, and each pen as its particular sector comes in contact with the spring i, will
make a record in the nature of a curved line running from left to right across the
face of the paper during the time that said sector is under the contact spring, so that
the six pens shown in the drawing Figure 1 will record in sequence, six substan-
tially concentric or parallel lines of characters, the left hand ends of which will be
slightly higher than their right hand ends, owing to the advance of the paper as it is
fed forward.
Of course it will be understood that the record pens c make the record characters
upon the sensitized paper Z, by the well known manner in which an automatic
receiving apparatus works, that is to say, by chemical decomposition or equivalent
means.
In Figures 3 and 4 I have shown a modified form of the apparatus designed to
produce the record in parallel lines, and this is accomplished by making the rods B
adjustable in the rim of the wheel A, said rods having spiral springs S¹ which bear
against shoulders at their upper ends and against the surfaces of the sectors on the
wheel at their lower ends, said rods of course being insulated from all portions of the
wheel A except the sectors, and provided at their lower ends with cam wheels or
pulleys n, which in the rotation of the wheel ride under the cam surface X rigidly

page_text: secured to the frane C of the machine, the curvature of the cam surface X being o
such a nature as to cause the pens c to make a record in a straight line, as clearly
shown in Figure 3. The special advantage of this form lies in the fact that it might
be applied directly to either of the cylinders e or g, thereby dispensing with the
metallic surface d as it will be understood, of course, that with such an arrangement
the record would be made upon an element of the cylinder e.
As the wheel rotates in the direction of the arrow, and as the first pen strikes the
paper, the cam wheel n comes in contact with the surface X of the fixed cam, and as
said wheel continues to advance, the pen advances and is at the same time drawn
downward so that the record is made in horizontal lines, as clearly shown on the
paper Z Figure 3, the construction in this modified form being in all other particulars
essentially the same as that shown in Figure 1.
In Figure 5, I have shown an arrangement, whereby the record will be duplicated
for a short space at each side of the paper, so that the translator thereof may ascer-
tain the correct beginning and ending of each line.
When the arrangement shown in Figure 1 were a letter having several elements
to be transmitted near the end of a line, it is possible that the elements of said letter
might be divided between the right hand side of the page in that line, and the left
hand side of the page in the next succeeding line.
With the modified form shown in Figure 5 all characters, will be duplicated at
both sides of the page for a period of time dependent on the distance between the
two springs and, which succeed each other in passing from sector to sector, and
hence make a duplicate record.
This duplication of record would at once indicate to the translator the correct
sequence of the whole number of characters. This feature is more fully disclosed in
the second part of my invention, which I will now proceed to describe.
The second part of my invention relates also to improvements in automatic tele-
graphic receiving apparatus of the general type known as chemical or analogous
automatic recording receivers and its object is:
To devise a page message record in which the recorded characters of the Morse
and analagous types are arranged in concentric or parallel lines on a page of
sensitized or equivalent receiving paper, which shall avoid the annoying trouble
incident to existing forms of page records, wherein such characters are sometimes
divided at the end of one line and the commencement of the subsequent line thereby
puzzling the reader and preventing rapid reading.
I accomplish this object by the arrangement of parts and construction of apparatus
hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims which follow this
specification.
In all automatic telegraphic page receivers with which I am familiar wherein
Morse and analogous characters are either placed upon a sensitized record page or by
an ink recorder, said characters fill the entire page from edge to edge and there
arises a possibility that some of the characters or parts thereof may be unrecorded at
the edges of the page. There also exists with such receivers, a source of annoyance
and delay to the reader of the recorded message in the fact that the combinations of
recorded characters or symbols representing a single letter are often divided at the
ending of one line and the beginning of the line which follows, as I have already
indicated in the statement of the object of my invention.
My invention overcomes these annoyances and a page record is made having a
marginal line on each edge of the page similar to the marginal lines or edges of a
book or printed page.
In order that this part of my invention may be fully understood I will refer to the
accompanying drawings in which,
Figure 1, sheet 3 is a plan view illustrating diagramatically the arrangement of
parts of the entire apparatus.
And Figure 2, sheet 3, is a side elevation thereof, showing part in section.
N represents a rotary receiving wheel adapted to be rotated by a handle I or, by
any source of power. Said wheel being carried by a shaft journalled in a frame not

page_text: shown. PP, are recording pens, and B, B, B. are radial pen carrying arms,
fixedly secured to electrical conducting segments b, b, b, attached to and insulated
from the wheel N, and from each other. i, i, is a double leaf conducting spring
adapted to bear upon the face of the conducting segments b, b, b, and connected by
a wire te, to the main line running to the distant transmitting station not shown
P is a sheet of sensitized receiving paper of the kind usually adopted in automatic
telegraphy, said paper being fed forward over the metallic conducting surface d,
by feed rolls e, f, and g. o is an earth wire, connecting the metal plate d to
earth.
The apparatus described thus far, is substantially the same as that disclosed in the
first part of my invention.
S, and S', are conducting contact springs bearing normally upon the sensitized
paper P, at points near the lower edge of the hearing plate d.
These springs are connected in multiple are by wires at to the positive pole of
a battery B, A, of sufficient current capacity to act upo the sensitized paper P₁ the
other pole of said battery being connected by a wire w³ to the bearing plate or
surface d.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:
The transmitter not shown having been set in operation at the distant station the
wheel N is rotated at substantially the same speed as the transmitter and the paper P,
is fed forward through the agency of feed rolls e, f and g.
the two marginal lines m and m¹ are recorded upon the edges through the agency of
As the paper advances
battery B, A.
As the successive segment b is brought beneath the two part contact spring i the
current from the distant battery divides between the two pens then on the surface of
the paper and a duplicate record is made so long as the insulated space between these
two segments is passing beneath said two part spring.
This duplicate record therefore appears at the ending of the line where the right
hand pen is passing out of circuit and at the beginning of the next line where the
second or left hand pen is passing in.
Now, the space between the two contact springs S and S' bears a fixed relation to
the arcs of the successive segments so that all of the record made to the loft and right
of the lines m¹ and m is in duplicate.
In reading the record therefrom, the operator has simply to read either all of the
record to the left of line m or all to the right of line m', or all between lines mand m¹,
and should he be in doubt about any character at the end of a line he need only look
at the characters outside the lines m and m² to ascertain if the letter is complete at the
end of the line or has been continued on the next line below.
"Inasmuch as the record is duplicated at the opposite edges of the page, when any
two pens are on the paper, and as the distance between the two lines m and m¹ equals
the angular distance between the pens, all that portion of the record made to the right
and left of these two lines is repeated, and by glancing at the record thus made on
the successive lines, it will be at once apparent whether a letter is complete at the
right hand end of the line or is partially recorded on the next succeeding line. In
other words, if a dash occurs directly on the right hand line m as the pen goes out of 4
circuit, a glance at the left hand end of the next succeeding recorded line will disclose
to the reader, if this dash is end of that letter, or is followed by an independent
letter."
It will be understood that the record must be read as commenced either between
the lines mand m or to the left or right as indicated, and after
accustomed to the system it is found possible to read very rapidly.
one becomes
I do not limit myself to the specific means shown for thus rendering possible the
rapid and intelligible reading of page records as it is obvious that many modified
forms might be submitted by which the repeated characters are made.
I may and sometimes do use sensitized paper already prepared with the 5
lines m and m having the required spacing distance. These lines may be
previously ruled, upon the paper, by inking pens or in any preferred manner.

page_text: The third part of my invention relates particularly to improvements in systems of
Automatic Telegraphy and to this end it consists,
In a novel arrangement of apparatus embracing a transmitter, receiver, battery
and a device located at the receiving station to avoid what is commonly known in
the art as tailings in the record on the receiving fillet.
It is a well known fact in the art of automatic telegraphy, that in long lines, or
such as possess great electro-statical capacity, there results at the end of each electrical
impulse recorded at the receiving stylus what is known as a tailing out of the
record, and often to such an extent as to cause the individual elements of the record,
to merge into each other. Various devices have been devised heretofore for over-
coming this objectionable feature.
The object of this invention is to provide means for this purpose, which shall be
simple and efficient.
In order that this part of my invention may be fully understood, reference is had
to figure 6 in sheet 4, of the drawings, which is a diagramatic view of a system of
automatic telegraphs, disclosing a receiving and transmitting station, and a conductor
joining the same.
B is the battery located directly in the main line w said line being earthed at both
ends E, E. The transmitting apparatus consists of the well known form of
conducting cylinder T, the stylus or brush P connected as shown to the main line by
wire W, said parts constituting, when there is no fillet upon the cylinder, a shunt,
circuit for the battery B, the fillet F used in transmission being of any preferred
form, which will permit the metallic stylus, or brush P to contact with the cylinder T
in the well known manner.
This form of transmitter for automatically shunting a battery at the transmitting
station which battery normally charges the main line circuit, is not novel with me,
and it is only when combined with the receiving apparatus, which I shall now describe,
that I claim features of novelty. The receiving cylinder R, a receiving stylus, pen or
in the usual
brush P and sensitized fillet F' are located in the main line to
manner.
M is an electro magnet, which has a capacity of discharge dependent upon the
electro-statical capacity of the line. This capacity of discharge may be increased or
diminished by withdrawing or inserting the cores, or, in any other well known
manner.
This magnet M is located in the shunt circuit W' around the receiving instrument
just described.
The operation is as follows:--supposing the transmitting and receiving fillets to bo
in position as shown.
The transmitting stylus or brush P resting normally upon the fillet F permits the
battery B to normally charge main line Wand divide its circuit between the receiving
instrument and the inagnet M in proportions dependent upon the resistances of the
respective circuits.
As the transmitting fillet is moved along in the usual manner, the stylus P is
allowed to contact with the cylinder T and thereby short circuits or shunts the
battery B through shunt wire W. The electro magnet M is charged at the same
time that the record is made upon the fillet F1, and when the shunting action takes
place at the transmitter, this electro-magnet discharges the current, the discharge
being in such a direction as to counteract the electro statical discharge which would
occur through the receiving pen. Each impulse, therefore sent over the main line,
gives a clear and well defined record on the receiving fillet F'.
I am aware that it is old to utilize the discharge of an electro-magnetic device, for
the purpose of annulling tailings in automatic telegraphs, and I make no claim to this
feature broadly.
The fourth part of my invention relates also to improvements in automatic or
stylographic, telegraphic systems and to this end it consists.
1st. In a novel arrangement of apparatus embracing a transmitter, a receiver, a
battery and a condenser connected up for operation as shown.

page_text: 2nd. In a novel form of fillet or transmitting strip, for use with said system or
with any system wherein the record is made dependent upon the breaks instead of
the makes of the battery circuit. The objects of my invention are.
1st. To improvise a cheap, simple and efficient system which shall possess
increased capacity, for transmitting and receiving ordinary Morse characters and at
the same time avoid tailings on the receiving strip or fillet thereby making a clear
and well defined record.
2nd. To cheapen and simplify the transmitting strip or fillet, so that the speed in
its preparation and ase in transmitting may be effected.
I accomplish these objects by the arrangement of apparatus and construction of
parts hereinafter described. Prior to my invention, it was old in the art to transmit
Morse or analogous codes of signals of the automatic type, by interrupting a main
line battery circuit normally connected to line through the agency of shanting
mechanism consisting of a perforated strip and a transmitting cylinder and pen or
stylus located in a shunt at the transmitting station.
It was also old to use condensers at the receiving station to cut off the tailings,
but so far as I am aware, it is not old to combine these, two features as I have
done. This part of my invention will be fully understood by referring to sheet 5 of
the drawings.
Figure represents diagrammatically a system of automatic telegraphy arranged
in accordance with my improvement.
Figure 8, sheet 5 is a similar view showing a modified disposition of the receiving
apparatus.
Figure 9, sheet, is a plan view illustrating my improved transmitting fillet or
message strip and also the record made by a chemical or ink receiver.
Referring to Figure 7, B, is a main line battery normally in circuit through the
line from earth G, at the transmitting station to and through the receiver and
earth G¹, at the distant or receiving station.
R is a metallic transmitting cylinder of usual form connected through a contact
pen P and shunt wire around the battery B when there is no transmitting fillet or
strip in position or when a perforation of the strip in position lies beneath the pen or
stylus.
R' is a similar cylinder, and P₁ the receiving stylus or pen. (" is a condenser
located between the receiving cylinder and the earth G¹.
Rh is an adjustable rheostat which may be done away with if desired, it only
being used to regulate the discharge of the condenser (in a manner at once
obvious.
It will be noted that the battery has its copper or positive pole to line in Figure 7,
in which case the condenser C¹ will have its upper face charged positively and its
lower face the reverse.
Should the battery be connected in reverse direction I would arrange the con-
nections of the receiver as shown in Figure 8, it being necessary that the positively
charged face of the condenser shall be on the opposite side of the chemical receiving
strip or fillet from the positive pole of the battery.
I will now describe my improved fillet or transmitting strip shown at a Figure 9,
b being the record at the cliemical receiver from the particular fillet perforated as
shown.
I represent the spaces between the individual letters by large holes or perforations,
and those between the elements of the letters by small holes or perforations all
arranged in one line.
4
The spaces between words are made by duplicating the word space holes, the feed
of the perforating machine being such that it advances the fillet less than one large
space at each action as shown at the right hand end of a Figure 9. In most trans-
mitting fillets as heretofore devised, the perforations are designed to permit the
transmitting pen to contact electrically with the transmitting cylinder, and the 5
characters are made up of dots and dashes through short and long intervals
dependent upon the spacing between the perforations. With such fillets, great

page_text: difficulty has been experienced in practice in producing the perforations or spaces of
varying length especially when made by a machine where the entire letter is made at
a single operation. This difficulty arises from the fact that it is impossible to arrange
any one set of dot and dash punches which will accommodate the various relative
position of the characters in different letters. Attempts have been made with more or
less success to overcome this difficulty by arranging side spacing holes in a parallel
row wherever needed, but this complicates matters and makes the fillet more or less
objectionable. overcome this trouble by providing a strip or fillet in which the
signal impulses are sent by breaks due to its passage under the transmitting pen
rather than the makes and by arranging the perforations of two orders in a single
row as hefore noted. I so construct the fillet that all of the spaces between letters
shall be of the same length, and all those between words, any desired length,
dependent upon the number of times the spacing key is depressed. The long breaks
due to a single large hole, always occur after each letter, and hence it follows, that
a single row of perforations in any one die plate, having one large spacing hole is
sufficient to produce all code characters provided the spaced letters as c, r, o &c., of
the Morse code are not used. For these letters I provide special substitutes of my
own, which can soon be easily learned by the operator. It will be seen by examining
the drawing Figure 9, that I require fewer perforations than with any fillet heretofore
used so far as I am aware as the dash is obtained by leaving out a perforation instead
of requiring two or three, and if it occurs at the end of a letter or the letter consists
of a dash only as T, I simply feed the paper a little further so as to leave a larger
blank before the next succeeding letter. In an ordinary perforating machine one of
the keys is for spacing. I utilize this key for the large perforations and make the
space between the words by successive perforations frou the space key as before
disclosed.
To make the letter c therefore after a letter or word space I simply perforate a large
space hole one spa
space
distant. Similarly one large perforation would give the letter T
by increasing the space. The same economy of perforations holds through all the
characters except those consisting exclusively of dots, as 1, S, H and P, and they
require no more than the usual number of perforations. These breaks are necessarily
so uniform in length, (being determined by the diameter of the holes) that much less
difference in length of spaces between parts of a letter and letters themselves is
necessary to insure their proper discrimination.
In the old methods heretofore practised the time required for the transmitting
pen or stylus to drop into the perforation and its premature exit therefrom due to
the edge of the paper upon which it rides necessarily shortens the length of the
signals, already too short when operating at high speed, but by the shunt arrange-
ment of the transmitting battery combined with the contracted arrangement of
perforations as devised by me increased speed and more perfect signals may be bad.
The mode of operation of the fillet is obvious without further description, on
inspection of Figure 9, which is perforated for the word Morse, and at bis shown
the record from the receiver, us before indicated.
I will now describe the operation of this system.
Suppose the fillet in place under the transmitting pen P, as shown, said pen resting
on the paper.
In this condition the battery B, sends a current to line makes a record
on the sensative fillet under a the pen P1, and charges the condenser C¹. As the two
cylinders R and R' are rotated at substantially the same speed, each space of the
transmitting strip or fillet will hold the shunt circuit through the pen P and
cylinder R open, and permit the battery to charge the line and condenser
.
Now it is a well known fact, that any charged line yield swhen broken a statical
discharge at any given point which bears a direct fixed relation to the potential at
that point so that with a battery connected as shown, the greatest statical discharge
occuring on interrupting the circuit is near the hattery. It is also well known
that a condenser takes a charge of plus polarity, on that face, connected to the
plus pole of the battery and that the discharge from the condenser will when the
line is ruptured be of the same natare as that at or near the plus pole of the battery,

page_text: and being in the opposite direction, it is apparent that the receiving pen will make
a well defined record free from tailings because the condenser discharge will cut them
off abruptly.
By regulating the capacity of the condenser to bear a fixed relation to that of the
line, I am enabled to make a record absolutely free from tailings and by combining
this condenser as shown with the novel form of fillet and shunting transmitter I
increase materially the speed of transmission.
1 am aware that it is old in the art to use a condenser in an artificial line
between the receiver and the ground, and to give to said condenser an electro-
static capacity substantially equal to that of the line so as to make the static
discharge flow in opposite directions at the receiving cylinder but such a construction
differs materially from mine, in that its action is in the nature of a statical
balance which tends to leave no tailings, while mine acts as described to counteract
tailings which would otherwise exist. Such an apparatus requires additional
resistance in the artificial line to bring about the statical balance while mine acts
directly in the line.
.
I am also aware that electro-magnets have been arranged in a shunt about the
receiver to avoid tailings, but this arrangement is essentially different from mine
in that the discharge is, and must be, wholly in a local circuit to produce the
desired results, thereby dividing the recording current and hence diminishing its
effect on the receiving device.
I am also aware that fillets have been devised in which large and small per-
forations were arranged in a single row but not in such manner that the large
perforations always occurred at the ends of the individual letters and
intermediate points, as described and claimed herein.
never at
I do not limit myself however, to the use of the specific form of fillet with the
particular system above disclosed as I may use any fillet which transmits by the
breaks rather than the makes, but the fillet I have disclosed is preferred by me.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. An automatic telegraphic receiver consisting of a record roll or supply of
sensitized paper, or equivalent inmaterial with feeding mechanism for advancing said
record paper according to the demands of the transinitting apparatus, and a series of
independent receiving styluses connected to a wheel, substantially as described.
Second. In an automatic telegraphic recording apparatus, a series of independent
recording pens mounted on the periphery of a rotatable disc and insulated from each
other in combination with a recording surface lying in a plane parallel to that of the
series of pens, and electrical connections as described whereby when said disc is
rotated and said pens are brought successively into circuit, substantially as
described.
Third. In an automatic telegraphic receiver, the combination of a series of pens or
styluses attached to a wheel or disc, and having sliding motion in the direction of a
radius of the disc, with a fixed cam for giving to said pens or styluses such sliding
motion in succession, substantially as described.
Fourth. In an automatic telegraphic receiver, the combination of the following
elements A supply or roll of record paper or analogous material, a series of record
pens or styluses, insulated from each other, adapted to come successively into contact
with said record paper, feeding mechanism for advancing said paper, said mechanism
consisting of a pair of feed rolls, one of which is provided with means for lifting it
from the paper and thereby preventing the forward feed, and electrical connections as
described whereby either an entire message or a series of messages may be placed
upon the record paper, and then the feed of the record paper discontinued, substan-
tially as described.
Fifth: In an automatic telegraphic receiver the combination of a series of pens
carried' by arms attached to independent sectors arranged around a disc and insulated

page_text: herefrom, with a contacting surface and a record surface resting on said contacting
urface, and a contact spring, said contact spring and contacting surface being included
n an electrical circuit with the successive pens and sectors, whereby as said disc
3 rotated the pens are brought successively into the electrical circuit, and successivo
ecord lines, are made, substantially as described.
Sixth. In an automatic telegraphic receiver a series of recording pens rigidly
ecured to a wheel or disc by insulated contacting segments in combination with a
lat conducting surface, on which the record paper rests, and a contact spring adapted
o rest on the contacting segments, successively, whereby a page record is made
ransverse to the direction of motion of the record as it is fed forward and with
a margin on each side of the paper, substantially as described.
Seventh. In an automatic telegraphic receiver, the combination of a rotary disc
or wheel carrying a series of recording pens rigidly secured thereto, said recording
pens, being insulated from each other, substantially as described.
Eighth. In an automatic telegraphic receiver of the page type, a message blank
having marginal lines in combination with a receiving recorder having a series of
pens connected to contacting surfaces, insulated from each other and electrically
connected by a two point contact spring to the distant transmitter, the contacting
surfaces having a fixed relation to the distance between the two marginal lines
whereby the characters near the ends of the successive lines are repeated substantially
as described.
a
Ninth. An automatic telegraphic record consisting of a series of concentrically
recorded lines of characters upon a sheet of sensitized paper, said record having
definite portion of the characters repeated at the ending and beginning of successive
lines, substantially as described.
Tenth. An automatic telegraphic record consisting of a series of concentrically
recorded lines of characters upon a sheet of sensitized paper, said record paper having
two marginal lines as indexes outside of which all the characters or portions thereof
representing telegraphic symbols are duplicated, substantially as described.
Eleventh. The combination of two or more rotary receiving pens with apparatus
for producing marginal lines upon a sensitized page record consisting of two
electrical contact pens or springs connected to one pole of an electrical generator
in combination with a sensitized sheet of paper and a contacting surface connected
to the other pole of said electrical generator, substantially as described.
Twelfth. The combination of two or more rotary receiving pens with means for
making marginal lines on a page record consisting of two contact pens in combination
with a sensitized sheet of paper, a conducting supporting surface and an electrical
generator connected to said pens and the conducting surface, substantially as
described.
Thirteenth. In an automatic telegraph the following combination of elements, a
single transmitting battery connected to earth and directly to a main line, which it
normally charges, and a shunt around said battery, including in its circuit an
automatic transmitter adapted to open and close said shunt, a recording receiver,
located in the main line, and an electro magnetic device located in a shunt around
5 said receiving instrument, substantially as described.
Fourteenth. An automatic telegraph system consisting of the following elements:-
a main line earthed at each end, and including a single main line or transmitting
battery normally in circuit, a transmitter consisting of a perforated fillet; a contact
brush or pen and a transmitting cylinder, located in a normally open shunt around the
O entire battery a receiver located at the receiving station, and an electro magnetic
device included in the shunt about said receiver, substantially as described.
normally
Fifteenth. In a system of automatic telegraphy the combination of a
charged inain line including a receiving instrument with an electro-magnet located in
a shunt about the receiver, and a transmitter located in a shunt about the charging
5 battery, substantially as described.
Sixteenth. In a system of automatic telegraphy the combination of a main line,
including a battery and a receiving instrument, with a shunt around the battery
B

page_text: meruding a transmitter, and a second shunt about the receiver, including an electro-
magnetic device for preventing tailings, substantially as described.
Seventeenth. In an automatic telegraph, the following combination of elements, a
single transmitting battery at a transmitting station connected to earth and directly
to a main line which it normally charges; a shunt around said battery including in
its circuit an automatic transmitter adapted to open and close said shunt, a recording
receiver at the distant receiving station located in the main line and a condenser also
located directly in the main line between the receiver and the earth, substantially as
described.
Eighteenth. An automatic telegraph system consisting of the following elements, a
main line earthed at each end and containing a single main line or transmitting
battery normally in circuit, a transmitter consisting of a perforated fillet, a contact
brush or pen, and a transmitting cylinder located in a normally open shunt.around the
entiro battery; a receiver located at a receiving station, and a condenser located
between the receiver and the earth substantially as described.
Nineteenth. A fillet for use in automatic telegraphs composed of a ribbon or band
having large and small perforations in one single row, the large perforations
representing spaces between individual letters only, and the small perforations the
spaces between the elements of the letters only, substantially as described.
Twentieth. A transmitting fillet for use in automatic telegraphy, consisting of a
perforated strip or band, the perforation being in a single row and of two sizes, the
large perforations representing the spaces between individual letters only and the small
perforations the spaces between the elements of the letters only, the greatest distance
between any two elements of an individual letter not exceeding one of the small
perforations, substantially as described.
Twenty-first. A transmitting fillet for use in automatic telegraphy, consisting of a
perforated strip or band the perforations being located in a single row and of two
sizes, the large perforations representing the spaces only between individual letters
and being in every instance of uniform size, while the small perforations represent the
spaces only between the elements of the letters, the greatest space between any two
letters of a word not exceeding the diameter of one of the larger perforations and that
between any two of the elements of a letter not exceeding the diameter of one of the
smaller perforations, substantially as described.
Twenty-second. A fillet for use in automatic telegraphy consisting of a perforated
strip the perforations being in a single row, and of two sizes, both circular, the larger a
sized perforations representing the spaces between individual letters of a word and the
small perforations representing the spaces between the individual elements of a letter,
the space between any two letters of a word not exceeding the diameter of one of the
larger perforations, and that between any two elements of a letter never exceeding
the diameter of one of the smaller perforations, substantially as described.
Dated this 23rd day of July 1889.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.