Improvements in and relating to Bottles, Jars, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 8th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 22nd Jan., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Bottles, Jars, and the like.
I, Dr. OSKAR LIEBREICH, of No. 34A, Dorotheenstrasse, Berlin, N.W., in the
German Empire, Privy Councillor and Professor, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a device for use on or in connection with bottles or
jars of glass, stoneware, porcelain, metal or similar rigid material, whereby it is
rendered possible to fill the vessel entirely with fluid without leaving an air-
space above the said fluid, whilst the contents of the vessel can nevertheless
expand by reason of variations of temperature or evolution of gas from the
fluid, without bursting the vessel. This is effected in the simplest way by making
the bottom of the vessel, or a part of its wall, of an elastic, yielding material,
such as metal, celluloid, hard rubber, or the like.
In carrying my said invention into practice in connection with a glass bottle,
for example, the bottom of the said vessel may consist of sheet metal provided
wih ring-shaped corrugations. The bottom is secured to the wall of the bottle
in any suitable manner, for example, by cement, or, in the manufacture of the
bottle, the lower part of the wall thereof can be provided with a screw-thread 60
that the bottom can be screwed on. In some cases, the bottom may consist simply
of uncorrugated sheet metal. In order to further utilize the elasticity of the
material, the bottom can be given a slightly inwardly-curved form. Instead of a
metal bottom, a bottom can obviously be also made of similarly elastic material,
such, for example, as celluloid, hard rubber.
According to another form or modification of my invention, the bottle is
provided with an opening near its neck, which opening is closed by a yielding
cap or capsule of metal or the like. Or a cylindrical cap or extension of corru-
gated sheet metal can be secured to the neck of the bottle, so that, as in the other
forms, already described, expansion of the contents of the bottle can take place
even if the said bottle is filled up to the stopper without leaving an air-space.
Instead of forming the opening near the neck as above mentioned, it can
obviously be also arranged in any other part of the wall of the bottle.
Bottles above mentioned which, moreover, can have any desired shape, require
to be specially manufactured for the purposes of my said invention. If it be
desired, whilst employing the same principle, to fill an ordinary glass bottle or
the like without leaving an air-space above the fluid, this can be effected by
employing a closed vessel or capsule, which is introduced into the bottle and
has its walls formed of a resisting although elastic material. The perfectly
hermetically-sealed air contained in the said vessel or capsule then forms to
some extent, an elastic cushion, which permits expansion of the fluid in the
closed bottle during elevation of temperature. This vessel or capsule can more-
over be of any desired form, for example, it can have flat or corrugated walls.
The capsule is naturally to be so proportioned that it can be conveniently intro-
duced into the interior of the bottle through the neck. It can be entirely

page_text: independent of the stopper, or can be attached to or combined with the stopper
or closing device in any suitable manner so that the capsule is introduced into
the bottle in the closing of the same. It is however essential in each case that
the capsule should form a completely closed hollow body, the interior of which
does not communicate with the external atmospheric air.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 and 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Bottles, Jars, and the like,
I, DR. OSKAR LIEBREICH, of No. 34A, Dorotheenstrasse, Berlin, N.W., in the
German Empire, Privy Councillor and Professor, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to a device for use on or in connection with bottles or
jurs of glass, stonesme, porcelain, metel or similar rigid material, whereby it is
rendered possible to fill the vessel entirely with fluid without leaving an air-
space above the said fluid, whilst the contents of the vessel can nevertheless
expand by reason of variations of temperature or evolution of gas from the
fluid, without bursting the vessel. This is effected in the simplest way by making
the bottom of the vessel, or a part of its wall, of an elastic yielding material,
such as metal, celluloid, hard rubber, or the like.
In the accompanying drawing I have shown how my said invention can be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
In this drawing
Figures 1 to 4 are vertical central sections of bottles illustrating different forms
or modifications of my said invention.
Figure 5 is a section of a capsule to be hereinafter described.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the bottom a of the vessel consists of
sheet metal provided with ring-shaped corrugations. This bottom is secured to
the wall of the bottle in any suitable manner, for example, by cement; or, in
the manufacture of the bottle, the lower part of the wall thereof can be provided
with a screw-thread d, as shown in Figure 2, so that the bottom can be screwed
on. In this figure the bottom a consists simply of uncorrugated sheet metal.
In order to further utilize the elasticity of the material, the bottom can be given
a slightly inwardly curved form, as shown in the figure. Instead of a metal
bottom, a bottom can obviously be also made of similarly elastic material, such,
for example, as celluloid or hard rubber.
According to another form or modification of my invention, as shown in
Figure 3, the bottle is provided with an opening of near its neck, which opening
is closed by a yielding cap a of metal or the like. Finally in the arrangement
shown in Figure 4, a cylindrical cap or extension a of corrugated sheet metal
is secured to the neck of the bottle, so that, as in the other forms already described,
expansion of the contents of the bottle can take place even if the said bottle is
filled up to the stopper without leaving an air-space.
Instead of forming the opening f near the neck, as shown in Figure 3, it can
obviously be also arranged in any other part of the wall of the bottle.
The bottles shown in Figures 1 to 4, which, moreover, can have any desired
shape, require to be specially manufactured for the purposes of my said inven-
tion. If it be desired, whilst employing the same principle, to fill an ordinary

page_text: glass bottle or the like without leaving an air-space above the fluid, this can be
effected by employing a closed vessel or capsule, which is introduced into the
bottle and has its walls formed of a resisting although elastic material. The
perfectly hermetically-sealed air contained in the said vessel or capsule then forms,
to some extent, an elastic cushion, which permits expansion of the fluid in the
closed bottle during elevation of temperature. This vessel or capsule can more-
over be of any desired form. Figure 5 shows a capsule a¹ of this kind with flat
walls, the walls may however be corrugated. The capsule is naturally to be so
proportioned that it can be conveniently introduced into the interior of the bottle
through the neck. It can be entirely independent of the stopper, or can be
attached to or combined with the stopper or closing device in any suitable manner,
so that the capsule is introduced into the bottle in the closing of the same. It is
however essential in each case that the capsule a' should form a completely closed
hollow body, the interior of which does not communicate with the external
atmospheric air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A bottle, jar or the like of glass, porcelain, stoneware, metal or other rigid
material, the wall or bottom whereof is provided with an elastic membrane of
metal, celluloid, or the like, for the purpose of enabling the bottle to be filled
quite full whilst permitting expansion of the contents thereof without bursting the
bottle.
2. In a bottle, jar or the like of glass, porcelain, stoneware, metal or the like,
an elastic container or capsule of metal, celluloid or the like, which is completely
closed and contains an air-space and which is introduced into the interior of the
bottle, substantially as, and for the purposes, herein before described.
11907
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 and 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
'Agents for the Applicant.