IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BOILING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS, AND MASHING OR STEEPING TEA, COFFEE, AND OTHER MATERIALS THEREIN, AND RETAINING HEAT IN PART OF THE SAME
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hogben, of Tunbridge Wells, in the County of
Kent, Coffee Public House Fitter, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR BOILING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS, AND MASHING OR
STEEPING TEA, COFFEE, AND OTHER MATERIALS THEREIN, AND RETAINING HEAT
IN PART OF THE SAME"
Sealed the 7th February 1879, and dated the 7th November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hogben at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th November 1878,
THOMAS HOGBEN, of Tunbridge Wells, in the County of Kent, Coffee Public
House Fitter. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BOILING WATER AND OTHER
LIQUIDS, AND MASHING OR STEEPING TEA, COFFEE, AND OTHER MATERIALS THEREIN,
AND RETAINING HEAT IN PART OF THE SAME."
My Invention has for its object the speedy boiling of water or other liquids,
the heating of urns or other vessels intended to receive the water, mashing tea,
coffee, or other materials to be dissolved or from which the principle is intended to
be extracted, and then preserving them hot for a lengthened period of time. To
effect these purposes I fix at the base of the apparatus a sufficient quantity of pipes
to form a coil of any suitable shape; the pipes are flattened or otherwise formed to
admit of only a small stream of water passing through the pipe at one time. Below
these pipes I fix gas tubing with small jets or spirit or oil lamps, and by these con-
centrate a body of heat immediately playing upon the pipes, by which means the
water or other liquid is boiled. I effect the connections for supplying the pipes
with the liquid intended to be boiled by a regulating tap or valve, and to form the
outlet for the boiling liquid I make additional pipes as may be required; and for
waste steam or otherwise I provide steam guage indicator and valves as may be
required to ensure safety for the pipes. This I encase with wood or metal as most
D

page_text: desirable, with ventilators as required; over these I place an urn or other suitable
vessel, which may be a fixture or removable as may be required.
The urns I make of an inner earthen jar or metal vessel intended to receive the
liquid to be manufactured, and inside this jar I place a suitable perforated steeper,
which is intended to carry the material to be dissolved or from which the principle
is to bé extracted; next this jar I apply a body of flexible composition made of
wadding or some other non conducting substance, sand, plaster of Paris, or other
material of similar heat retaining properties, with an admixture of glutinuous matter
and pitch, tar, or other cementing material, all well mixed. In convenient positions
I place tubes in this composition to admit of a body of hot air or steam being
injected to impregnate the composition, and thus to ensure additional heat. I then
encase the whole with wood, metal, or other material, as may be desired, of any
shape and with suitabie shutters or other fittings. For regulating the heat applied
to the composition I arrange a connection with the tubes above referred to, to open
and close at pleasure, and into which all waste hot air or steam can be condensed.
From the boiling pipes I connect another pipe with the inner jar of the urn to
receive the waste steam at first for heating the apparatus inside, and then supplying
the boiling water for steeping the materials and for filling the receiver.
The mode of constructing both the water pipes and urns may be varied, and the
apparatus may contain one or several compartments as required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Hogben in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th May
1879.
THOMAS HOGBEN, of Tunbridge Wells, in the County of Kent, Coffee. Public
House Fitter. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BOILING WATER AND OTHER
LIQUIDS, AND MASHING OR STEEPING TEA, COFFEE, AND OTHER MATERIALS THEREIN,
AND RETAINING HEAT IN PART OF THE SAME."
My Invention has for its object the speedy boiling of water or other liquids, the
heating of urns or other vessels intended to receive the water, mashing and filtering
tea, coffee, or other materials to be dissolved or from which the principle is intended
to be extracted, and then preserving them hot for a lengthened period of time, all
these operations being effected in close juxtaposition with each other. To effect
these purposes I employ apparatus such as that represented in the accompanying
Drawings, of which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 is a cross
section. I fix either at the base or side of the apparatus, or preferably above as
shown in the Drawing, a sufficient number and extent of pipes or small boilers a to
form a coil of any suitable shape, such pipes or small boilers a being preferably con-
nected together as shown by means of pipes a¹, but if desired they may each be
distinct from the others, and be provided with a separate outlet pipe to carry off
the heated liquid from each length of pipe a; or, as shown in the Drawings and as
preferred, the lowest of these pipes or boilers a may be provided with a series of
outlet pipes b, each of which communicates with an urn or receiver c.
The pipes or small boilers a are formed as shown, or they may be flattened or
otherwise formed to admit of only a small stream of water passing through the pipe
at one time, and they are cach formed with a concave, oval, or other suitably shaped
bottom a², below which I fix gas tubing & perforated at intervals so as to enable
small gas jets to play on the said bottons a², or spirit or oil lamps or other heating
means may be employed in cases where gas is not available, or where from other
cause it is desired to dispense with the use of gas; by these means I concentrate a
body of heat immediately playing upon the bottoms of the pipes or small boilers a,
by which means the water or other liquid therein is speedily boiled.
The final or lowest length of pipe or small boiler a is of a much larger size than
the others, and is intended to serve as a receiver where the water is brought up to
the boiling point, and from which the urns or other vessels receive their supplies.
I provide the connecting pipe e for supplying the pipes or small boilers a with the
liquid intended to be boiled with a regulating tap or valve (not shown), and I pro-
vide each of the outlet tubes b with a stop cock b' and other necessary fittings, or,
if preferred, instead of connecting these outlet pipes 6 with the urns or receivers c
as shown, I form such outlet pipes of flexible inaterial and coat them with any
suitable heat retaining material, so as to retain the heat in the liquid therein to
whatever point it may be conducted as required; and for waste steam or otherwise
I provide a waste pipe, and where necessary a steam gauge, water indicator, and
safety valves as may be required to ensure safety to the pipes or boilers a, and to
indicate the height of liquid therein.
I preferably place the urns or other vessels c underneath the pipes or boilers a, as
shown in the Drawings, but they may be placed either at the side or over such pipes
or boilers a, and such urns or vessels c may be fixtures or removeable as may be
required.
The urns or vessels I make of one or more inner earthen or metal jars c intended
to receive the liquid to be manufactured. Over each jar I place a box g with a
cone shaped bottom g¹, which passes into the top or upper part of the jar and forms
a lid or cover; in this box is placed a perforated or reticulate steeper h, which I
make of a convenient shape to spread the stream of boiling water to extract the
strength of the substance or material to be steeped. This box g is lined with

page_text: copper or other suitable metal, and is stuffed between the lining and box with wool,
oakum, and hair, or with other suitable material to secure the retention of heat,
and the base or conical part g' is perforated at the top and bottom, and between
such top and bottom I place sponge, or charcoal, or other suitable material to form a
filter for the liquid to be prepared.
When, as shown in the Drawings, jars c are used to contain the liquid coffee or
other prepared liquid, I encase them with metal to form a chamber or space around
cach jar for about one inch of boiling water to circulate constantly round the same,
such water being supplied thereto by the pipe f; and where it is intended to retain
heat in the liquid for a lengthened period I arrange below each urn a small concave
or oval pipe with a gas jet or flame of a sinall lamp playing constantly upon the
same. This pipe forms a junction at the top and bottom of water jacket of the urn,
and ensures a constant circulation of boiling water. Next this water jacket I apply
a body j of flexible composition made of a mixture of wadding, wool, oakum, hair,
sawdust, or some other non conducting substance, sand, plaster of Paris, or other
material of similar heat retaining properties, with an admixture of glutinous matter.
and pitch, tar, or other cementing material, all well mixed; and when it is required
to provide further means for retaining heat I sometimes place in convenient positions
in this composition, tubes to admit of a body of hot air or steam being injected to
impregnate the composition, and thus to ensure additional heat.
I encase the whole with wood, metal, or other material k, as may be desired, of
any convenient shape, and when the urns or receivers are placed above the pipes or
boilers a I fit into the bottom of the casing k one or more shutters or other fittings
for regulating the heat passing to the composition from the pipes or boilers. I also
sometimes arrange a connection with the tubes embedded in the composition to open
and close as may be required, and into which all waste hot air or steam can be con-
densed and carried off.
The mode of constructing both the water pipes or boilers and urns or receivers
may be varied, and the apparatus may contain one or several urns or receptacles, as
may be required.
If desired, the urns or receivers c may be provided with gauges to indicate the
height of their contents.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode in which I
prefer to carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim
is, the general arrangement and combination of apparatus for boiling water and
other liquids, and for mashing or steeping tea, coffee, and other materials in such
water, such operations being conducted in close proximity with each other; and
also claim the mode of retaining heat in part of the said apparatus, all in manner
substantially as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hogben, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.
THOMAS HOGBEN. (L.S.)