Improved or Improvements connected with Protective Coverings for Metal and other Surfaces.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved or Improvements connected with Protective Coverings
for Metal and other Surfaces.
o
I, JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS, of 68 Bridge Street, Birkenhead, in the
County of Chester, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
-:
This invention has reference to covering metallic surfaces, or other surfaces, with
protective covering, which are, under ordinary atmospheric and hydraulic influences
and actions, perishable, or perishable by acids or acid material and corrosive
substances, and the like; and it has further for its object, to provide a covering
possessing these characteristics, which shall be cheap in itself and quickly and
easily applied.
According to this invention, the materials employed, and the manner of
application of the covering are as follows:-I employ silicate of soda, a finely
powdered material, as silica, quartz, whiting, French chalk, magnesia, ground
flints, oxide of manganese, and so forth; and water.
The application of these materials, which are, prior to application, mixed
together to a consistency of paint, is effected by a brush, and the covering so
applied is allowed to dry by air, after which it is artificially heated, or fired, this
being suitably done by subjecting it to the action of gas flames or jets, or oil flames
or jets, by which the covering material is rendered capable of resisting actions
and influences of the atmosphere and water, and also acids, acid material, and
corrosive substances, and withstanding pressures applied to it. After this, the
covering has applied to it, preferably, lime, varnish, bitumen, tar, paraffin, or other
suitable substances, which fill the pores of the coating and prevent access of liquid
or gases to the metallic, or other, surface below.
In one special combination, which I find is very suitable and simply carried out,
I use silicate of soda, together with ground calcined flints: these are mixed
together and applied, say, in the consistency of paint, by a suitable brush, and then
allowed to dry, after which the surface is heated or fired; subsequently, to this
surface, lime, varnish, or the like, is applied, and its pores filled, and it may be
again fired.
The surface, before the covering is applied, should be cleaned, and, if of iron,
steel, or the like, the rust should be removed, which may be done by the employ-
ment of chipping hammers and slicers, and then rubbed with wire brushes; and
in some cases, also, subsequently to this cleansing operation, the surface may be
burned or fired.
Dated this 19th day of March 1905
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Char. Inst. P.A.,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.

page_text: Improved or Improvements connected with Protective Coverings
for Metal and other Surfaces:
I, JOHN CARRINGTON SELLARS, of 68 Bridge Street, Birkenhead, in the
County of Chester, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to covering metallic surfaces, and other surfaces,
with protective coverings, which are, under ordinary atmospheric and hydraulic
influences and actions, perishable, or perishable by acids or acid material and
corrosive substances, and the like; and it has further for its object, to provide a
covering possessing these characteristics, which shall be cheap in itself, and quickly
and easily applied.
According to this invention, the materials employed, and the mauner of
application of the covering are as follows:-I employ silicate of soda; a finely
powdered material, as ground flint, silica, quartz, oxide of manganese, whiting,
French chalk, magnesia, Portland cement, and so forth; and water.
The application of these materials, which are, prior to application, mixed
together to a consistency of paint, is effected by a brush, and the covering so
applied is allowed to dry by air, after which it is artificially heated, or fired, this
being suitably done by subjecting it to the action of gas flames or jets, or oil flames
or jets, by which the covering material is rendered capable of resisting actions and
influences of the atmosphere and water, and also acids, acid material, and corrosive
substances, and withstanding pressures applied to it. After this, the covering has
applied to it, preferably, lime, varnish, bitumen, tar, paraffin, or other suitable
substances, which fill the pores of the coating and prevent access of liquid or gases
to the metallic, or other surface below, such of said substances as are not ordinarily
in liquid and in a suitable state for application by a brush being first dissolved in
a suitable liquid or thinned down so as to enable them to run freely and enter the
pores in the covering.
In one special combination, which. I find is very suitable and is simply carried
out, I use silicate of soda, together with ground calcined flints and magnesia or
Portland cement, and. water: these are mixed together and applied, say, in the
consistency of paint, by a suitable brush, and then allowed to dry, after which the
surface is heated or fired; subsequently, to this surface, lime, varnish, or other
substance such as above specified, is applied, and its pores filled, and it
again fired.
may be
The surface, before the covering is applied, should be cleaned, and if of iron,
steel, or the like, the rust should be removed, which may be done by the employ-
ment of chipping hammers and slicers, and then rubbed with wire brushes; and in
some cases, also, subsequently to this cleansing operation, the surface may be burned
or fired.
If the surface be grease, it should be cleaned with spirit, as methylated
spirit or the like.
As a modification of the above coverings, the artificial heating or firing is
dispensed with, and the surface or covering dried by the air only. The paint or
covering is in most cases applied in two or more coats, each coat being separately
dried, and finally is provided with a coating or washing of materials such as above
described by which the pores of the coating or paint are filled, and the access of
water or other liquids or gases, as the case may be, to the surface of the metal to
which it is applied, prevented.
As regards quantities of the different materials or substances used, the following

page_text: ingredients, and in the proportions specified, produce a good and serviceable paint
or covering suitable for covering metal surfaces of ships, and other plated vessels
or structures :-
This mixture may be either air dried, or artificially heated or fired as described.
When, in conjunction with the silicate of soda, I use both ground calcined flints
and magnesia or Portland cement, the magnesia or Portland cement should be added
to and mixed with the mixture of silicate of soda, ground calcined flints, and water,
at the requisite consistency, just prior to being applied to the surface for which it is
to be used, as the covering or paint with either of these materials in it-particularly
Portland cement-dries very quickly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The herein described covering for surfaces, namely, a covering composed of
or comprising silicate of soda, a powdered material or substance as specified; and
water; substantially as described.
2. The hereindescribed covering for surfaces, namely, firstly, a covering
composed of or comprising silicate of soda, a powdered material or substance as
specified, and water, and, secondly, a substance or substances such as specified
by which the pores in the said first covering are filled; substantially as described.
3. The covering for surfaces, composed of or comprising silicate of soda; ground
calcined flints and magnesia or Portland cement; and water; in or about in the
proportious specified; substantially as and for the purposes described.
4. The covering for surfaces, composed of or comprising silicate of soda; ground
calcined flints and magnesia or Portland cement; and water; in, or about in, the
proportions specified; and a substance substantially as specified, by which the pores
of the covering are filled as and for the purposes described.
Dated this 12th day of December 1895.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.