Improved Process for Attaining a very High Ignition Temperature in Hydrocarbon Engines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 26th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process for Attaining a very High Ignition Temperature
in Hydrocarbon Engines.
A communication by ADOLF MEYER, of Cannstatt, Wurtemberg, in the Empire
of Germany, Engineer.
I, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND, M.I.M.E., of W. P. Thompson & Co., the Agency
for Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster; 118, New Street, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object an improved process for attaining a very high
ignition and maintenance of the greatest economy in hydrocarbon engines and is
carried out as follows:
A portion of the discharge gases is left in the cylinder for the purpose of the
ignition by a premature closing of the discharge valve and compressed to 20-30
atmospheres (admission pressure). By this comparative low pressure an increase
of temperature is produced from the normal discharge temperature of 350-400°
to 1600°. This high temperature is utilised for successively igniting an already
prepared mixture of air and hydrocarbon (which in consequence of the difficulty
of igniting the respective hydrocarbon allows of its being as a mixture highly
compressed (assuming a compression in 2 stages with an intermediate cooling)
either on its entrance into the cylinder, or for causing this mixture to explode.
The first ignition of all must be effected in some other manner in order to provide
a combustion product for the second and succeeding ignitions.
With the object of attaining the highest economy, the highly compressed air
which is as far as possible isothermic, is heated directly or indirectly, partly by the
waste gases or other suitable heating device and partly by the highly heated com-
pressed residual products of combustion and the hydrocarbon conveyed into this
air ignited and consumed. The direct heating by the residual products is effected
by the air necessary for the process being mixed with the compressed residual
products before or during the working stroke. If economy be less considered and
a greater effect required, the working diagram may be increased by diminishing
the compression diagram, that is by reducing the residues to be compressed to a
minimum so that the air is mainly warmed by the waste gases. For the same
object the temperature of the waste gases may be raised to the highest degree
permissible for the material, that is to say, the end pressure of the diagram and
the diagram itself be thereby increased. It is however, as stated, preferable not
to spare the compression, as the value of the process depends on the temperature
of the air before the hydrocarbon is conveyed to it. The preliminary compression
also assists the prechanical parts of the machine, as the distributing gear is
thoroughly unloaded thereby.
If the products of combustion are expelled by means of air at the end of the
expansion with the object of cleaning the cylinder, the said air must be heated to

page_text: a suitably high temperature in order to enable it to be used in place of the
combustion products.
The interior of the cylinder is of course so arranged that the incoming air
absorbs rather than gives off heat.
Dated this 24th day of August 1897.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.
Improved Process for Attaining a very High Ignition Temperature
in Hydrocarbon Engines.
.A communication by ADOLF MEYER, of Cannstatt, Wurtemberg, in the Empire
of Germany, Engineer.
I, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND, M.I.M.E., of W. P. Thompson & Co., of the Agency
for Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, and 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object an improved process for attaining a very high
ignition and maintenance of the greatest economy in hydrocarbon engines and is
carried out as follows:
A portion of the discharge gases is left in the cylinder for the purpose of the
ignition by a premature closing of the discharge valve and compressed to 20-30
atmospheres (admission pressure). By this comparative low pressure an increase
of temperature is produced from the normal discharge temperature of 350-400°
to 1600° C. This high temperature is utilised for successively igniting an already
prepared mixture of air and hydrocarbon (previously heated by the waste gases)
on its entrance into the cylinder, or for causing this mixture to explode, that is to
say, if the mixture be passed into the cylinder through wire sieves it will be
gradually consumed as it enters, whilst if instantaneous combustion be desired the
sieve or the like is omitted, thus allowing the flames to strike back and the whole
of the mixture to be exploded in the chamber provided for it. The first ignition
of all must be effected in some other manner in order to provide a combustion
product for the second and succeeding ignitions.
With the object of attaining the highest economy, the highly compressed air
which is cooled during the compression, is heated directly or indirectly, partly by
the waste gases or other suitable heating device and partly by the highly heated
compressed residual products of combustion and the hydrocarbon conveyed into
this air ignited and consumed. The direct heating by the residual products is
effected by the air necessary for the process being admitted to the compressed
residual products left in the cylinder, upon the next stroke, whereupon both gases
become mixed. If economy be less considered and a greater effect required, the
working diagram may be increased by diminishing the compression diagram,
that is by reducing the residues to be compressed to a minimum so that the air
is mainly warmed by the waste gases. For the same object the temperature of the
waste gases may be raised to the highest degree permissible for the material, that
is to say, the end pressure of the diagram and the diagram itself be thereby

page_text: increased. It is however, as stated, preferable not to spare the compression, as
the value of the process depends on the temperature of the air before the hydro-
carbon is conveyed to it. The preliminary compression also assists the mechanical
parts of the machine, as the distributing gear is thoroughly unloaded thereby.
If the products of combustion are expelled by means of air at the end of the
expansion with the object of cleaning the cylinder, the said air must be heated to
a suitably high temperature in order to enable it to be used in place of the
combustion products.
The interior of the cylinder is of course so arranged that the incoming air
absorbs rather than gives off heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is;-
1. A process for attaining a high ignition temperature, i.e. great economy, in
hydrocarbon engines consisting in the residual products of combustion being left
in the cylinder by a premature closing of the discharge valve and compressed
to 20-30 atmospheres (admission pressure) thereby producing an ignition tempera-
ture of 1600° C for the purpose of igniting a mixture of air and hydrocarbon
highly compressed, and previously heated by the waste gases, substantially as
hereinbefore set forth.
2. In a process such as described for attaining a high ignition temperature in
hydro-carbon engines, heating the highly compressed air (which is cooled during
the compression), partly by the waste gases and partly by the highly heated com-
pressed residual products of combustion and igniting and burning in said air the
hydrocarbon added to it with the object of attaining the greatest economy, substan-
tially as described.
OF 1
1
:1 1000