Improvements in Metallic Packing for Pistons.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 28th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 27th May, 1899
Improvements in Metallic Packing for Pistons.
I, CARR LOCKWOOD, of Princeps Works, Matilda Street, Sheffield, Yorkshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in or applicable to double action metallic
spring packing rings for piston rings, of that class in which the packing is
specially formed and adapted to have two distinct actions, one to distend the
piston rings radially against the cylinder walls, and the other to separate
the rings apart in an axial direction and to press them against the flat faces
of the piston block.
As hitherto made, such double action packing has been made with parts of a
flattened coiled formation serving to give the desired radial distension alternat-
ing with parts of an elongated S formation serving to give the desired axiai
separating action, such parts being made in continuous connection, or with such
parts of a flattened coiled formation alternating with parts of an elongated looped
formation serving to give the required axial separating action, such parts being
connected and held together by short fork formed springs.
According to the present improvements, I combine with a compound spring
ring having parts of a flattened coiled formation alternating with parts of an
elongated looped formation, an inner or internal flat spring ring which, at its
butt ends, is formed or combined with a flat coil spring or is otherwise so made
or adapted as to tend to give a radial action to the spring and as that it can be
lengthened or adjusted so as to regulate such action by adding a link between
its butt ends or in any other suitable manner, and which passes or is threaded
through the coiled parts and between the looped parts of the aforesaid compound
spring ring, and fits tightly behind the same, and serves to overcome a disadvan-,
tage to which such double action spring rings as formerly made have been more
or less subject, by, as it were, backing up and preventing such spring ring from
being driven in by any sudden shock of steam or priming.
The said internal ring cannot itself be driven in by such pressure beyond but
a very slight extent, due to the fitting of the parts, but has a free outward action
which assists and backs up the compound spring ring keeping it in position and
up to its work.
The space between the piston flanges should slightly exceed the depth of the
packing so as to allow of the free action of the latter.
For large sized pistons, more than one of the internal springs may be used to
increase the elasticity of the outward action of the packing.
The improved packing is applicable to and suitable for steam, air and other

page_text: engines and pumps and for any apparatus or appliance in which a perfectly tight
elastic piston packing is required.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, CARR LOCKWOOD, of Princeps Works, Matilda Street, Sheffield, Yorkshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in or applicable to double action metallic
spring packing rings for piston rings of that class in which the packing is
specially formed and adapted to have two distinct actions, one serving to distend
the piston rings radially against the cylinder walls, and the other serving to sepa-
rate the rings apart in an axial direction and to press them against the flat faces
of the piston block.
As hitherto made, such double action packing rings have been made with parts
of a flattened coiled formation serving to give the desired radial distension alternat-
ing with parts of an elongated S formation serving to give the desired axial
separating action such parts being made in continuous connection, or with such
parts of a flattened coiled formation alternating with parts of an elongated looped
formation serving to give the desired axial separating action such parts being
connected and held together by short fork-formed springs.
The improved packing is represented on the accompanying drawings, in per-
spective view in Fig. 1, and in transverse section, as applied to piston rings, in
Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively on the lines, 1-1, 2-2, 3-3, and 44, of Fig. 1.
According to the invention, 1 combine with a compound spring ring having
parts, a, of a flattened coiled formation alternating with parts, b, of an elongated
looped or analogous formation, an inner or internal flat spring ring, c, which is
threaded through the coiled parts, a, and fits tightly behind the looped parts, b, of
the compound ring, and, at its butt ends, c¹, is formed as or combined with a flat
coil spring, d, or is otherwise so made or adapted as to be caused to tend to give
a radial action to the compound ring, and as that such action can be regulated or
adjusted by adjusting the length of such spring by adding a link between its
butt ends or in any other suitable manner, the internal spring ring, c, thus serv-
ing to overcome a disadvantage to which such double action spring rings as
formerly made have been more or less subject, by, as it were, backing up and
preventing the compound spring ring from being driven in by any sudden shock
of steam or priming; as the internal spring ring, c, cannot itself be driven in by
such pressure beyond but a very slight extent due to the fitting of the parts, but
has a free outward action which assists and backs up the compound spring ring
keeping it in position and up to its work.
The space between the piston flanges, e, should slightly exceed the depth of the
packing parts, b, so as to allow of the free action of the latter.
I preferably make the packing parts, b, of a square section, as best represented

page_text: in the sectional views, so that they act against squared flanges of the piston rings
in lieu of against inclined planes of the piston rings, as hitherto customary.
For large sized pistons, more than one internal spring ring, c, may be used to
increase the elasticity of the outward action of the compound packing.
The improved packing is applicable to and suitable for steam, air and other
engines and pumps and for any apparatus or appliance in which a perfectly tight
elastic piston or like packing is required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
-
In packing rings for pistons and the like, in combination, a compound spring
ring having parts of a flattened coiled formation serving to give the desired
radial distension to the piston rings alternating with parts of an elongated looped
or analogous formation serving to give the desired axial separating action to the
packing rings, and an adjustable inner or internal flat spring ring threaded
through the coiled parts of the compound ring and fitting against with a tendency
to distend the looped or analogous parts of the compound ring and serving to back
up and prevent the compound ring from being driven inwardly, as set forth.
Dated this 24th day of March 1899.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.