MANUFACTURE OF SULPHATE OF AMMONIA AND BY-PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM THE PROCESS to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: We RICHARD ROPER KELLY Chemical Manufacturer and Agent and Agatha
COLOMBA LAURA WEIGEL married Gentlewoman both care of Abel and Imray
Patent Agents of No 28 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "MANUFACTURE OF SULPHATE
OF AMMONIA AND BY-PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM THE PROCESS to be as
follows:-
"
Our invention relates to the manufacture of Sulphate of Ammonia and by-
products resulting from the process, which is as follows:
We make use of Kieserit which is composed principally of Sulphate of Magnesia
with a proportion of common salt, either as it is naturally found or as it comes as a
by-product in certain manufactures. We extract the soluble matter thereof by
treating it with water, preferably in the state of steam, and we mix this liquid
extract with common salt and subject the mixture to a low temperature, when a
reaction occurs producing Sulphate of Sola and Magnesium Chloride. We next
separate the salts contained in the solution by crystallization or other known
means so as to procure the Sulphate of soda separate from the magnesium Chloride
and other ingredients. Wo then piss Ammonia gas through a solution of the
Sulphate of Soda; and afterwards we pass carbonic acid or anhydride through the
solution thus producing Bicarbonate of soda and Sulphate of ammonia. The
bicarbonate of soda is allowed to settle and is removed in the solid condition.
During this reaction the vessels are kept cool. The remaining solution is run off,
and the sulphate of ammonia contained therein is crystallized out or concentrated
by evaporation. It is, however, of advantage first to free the solution from
residues of bicarbonate of soda, sulphate of soda, hydrate of ammonia or carbonate
of ammonia by distillation which drives off the two last mentioned volatile
aminonium compounds, while the small quantity of bicarbonate of soda dissolved
in the solution is decomposed by the action upon it of some of the sulphate
of ammonia, producing carbonate of aminonia which is ovaporated and sulphato
of soda which, in addition to that contained in the solution, is obtained by
crystallization.

page_text: For producing the cold necessary for the reaction of the Sulphate of magnesia
extracted from the Kieserit and common salt, so as to produce sulphate of soda and
magnesium chloride, the ammonia gas, after having been dehydrated, may be used
in the known manner to refrigerate the material either directly or by the medium
of an uncongealable liquid which may be a solution of the magnesium chloride.
The operation may be made continuous in the following manner :-Ammonia,
which may be that obtained from gas liquor, dehydrated, is condensed into the
liquid state and then allowed to expand in pipe coils or otherwise so as to cool the
solution of magnesium chloride or other suitable liquid. This refrigerated liquid is
applied to cool the vessels containing the mixture of sulphate of magnesia and
chloride of sodium to the degree necessary for the reaction above described. Or
this solution may be cooled directly by the expanding ammonia. The ammonia,
after performing the work of refrigeration, is passed through the solution of
sulphate of soda obtained as above described, and is therein fixed as sulphate of
ammonia, which may be separated from the other products in the manner described
above.
Instead of treating the solution of sulphate of soda with carbonic acid or
anhydride as well as ammonia as above mentioned, it may be treated with
ammonia only, so as to produce sulphate of ammonia and caustic soda.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
We RICHARD ROPER KELLY Chemical Manufacturer and Agent and AGATHA
COLOMBA LAURA WEIGEL Gentlewoman both care of Abel and Imray Patent
Agents of N° 28 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do
hereby declare the nature of our invention for "MANUFACTURE OF SULPHATE
OF AMMONIA AND BY-PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM THE PROCESS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
"
Our invention relates to the manufacture of sulphate of ammonia and by-
products resulting from the process, which is as follows:
We make use of Kieserite, which is composed principally of Sulphate of Magnesiu
with a proportion of common salt, either as it is naturally found or as it comes as a
by-product in certain manufactures. We extract the soluble matter thereof by
treating it with water preferably in the state of steam and we mix this liquid
extract with common salt and subject the mixture to a low temperature, when
a reaction ensues producing Sulphate of Soda which crystallises out and Magnesium
Chloride which remains in solution. We then pass ammonia gas along with
carbonic anhydride through a solution of the Sulphate of Soda, thus producing
Bicarbonate of Soda and Sulphate of Ammonia. The Carbonate of Soda is
allowed to settle and is removed in the solid condition. During this reaction the
vessels are kept cool. The remaining solution is run off and the sulphate of
ammonia contained therein is crystallised out or concentrated by evaporation. It
is however of advantage first to free the solution from residues of bicarbonate of
soda, sulphate of soda, hydrate of ammonia or carbonate of ammonia by distillation
which drives off the ammonium compounds, while the small quantity of bicar-
bonate of soda dissolved in the solution is decomposed by the action upon it of
some of the sulphate of ammonia producing carbonate of ammonia which is
evaporated and sulphate of soda which in addition to that contained in the
solution, is obtained by crystallisation.
For producing the cold which in the reaction of the Kieserit and common salt is
necessary to promote crystallisation of the sulphate of soda, the ammonia gas, after
having been dehydrated, may be used in the known manner to refrigerate the
material either directly or by the medium of an uncongealable liquid which may be
a solution of the magnesium chloride.
The operation may be made continuous in the following manner.
Ammonia,
which may be that obtained from gas or ammoniacal liquor or from other sources,
dehydrated, is condensed into the liquid state and then allowed to expand in pipe
coils or otherwise so as to cool the solution of magnesium chloride or other suitable
liquid.
This refrigerated liquid is applied to cool the vessels containing the mixture of
sulphate of mannosis and chloride of andium

page_text: Or this solution may be cooled directly by the expansion of the ammonia' in
pipes or coils surrounded by the solution itself. The ammonia, after performing
the work of refrigeration, along with carbonic anhydride is passed through the
solution of sulphate of soda obtained as above described and is therein fixed as
sulphate of ammonia which may be separated from the other products in the
manner described above.
We have described the process as applied to the sulphate of Soda produced from
Kieserite; it is to be understood however that the cooling and the treatment with
ammonia and carbonic anhydride may be applied to solutions of sulphate of soda
obtained from other sources, as, for instance, from the iron liquor resulting from
copper extracting processes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
The manufacture of sulphate of aminonia and by-products by a process wherein
the cold resulting from expansion of condensed ammonia is applied to promoto
crystallisation of sulphate of soda from liquor containing it in solution, and the
expanded ammonia gas with carbonic anhydride is passed through a solution of the
sulphate of soda substantially as herein described.
Dated this 6th day of March 1885.
:
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.