AN IMPROVEMENT IN HYDRAULIC SUN AND PLANET ENGINES
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM PATTERSON, of 23 Park Row, New York City, United States of
America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN HYDRAULIC SUN AND PLANET ENGINES" and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to Engines which are adapted to be operated by Hydraulic
Power. It consists of two oscillating engines and a series of pumps which by
means of the power applied rotate gear wheels which are termed Planet wheels and
which engage with and rotate against a stationary geared wheel which is termed
the Sun wheel thus causing the said Planet wheels to revolve around the Sun
wheel The invention is therefore properly termed a Sun and Planet Engine.
In order that the operation of my engine will be properly understood I will
proceed to describe first its construction and second the action and operation of the
parts separately taking each part in its order using as reference the accompanying
drawings which form part of this specification and in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1, represents an end view of my improved engine showing the pitch line
caused by the planet wheels a in revolving around the sun wheel b the small planet
wheels a¹ also revolve around the sun wheel b as will be hereinafter explained.
Fig. 2, represents a Top view or plan in which the pump casting e is partly
broken away to show the action of the pumps c.
Fig. 3, represents a vertical longitudinal section through the centre of the engine
showing the sun wheel b and the two small planet wheels a¹ and the reservoir
cylinders B B.
Fig. 4, represents an end view of the sun wheel 6 showing its flat surface upon
which it rests and which keeps it from revolving.
The principal construction of my engine is as follows:-:
The bed plate W is made of any practical form that will create as little
contraction or expansion as possible. The supports V are bolted to the bed plate
as shown at w (figs. 1 and 2) these supports are provided with the usual bearing
surface and brasses upon which the shaft A revolves. The supports are also
provided with a regulating or moveable frame V' (Fig. 3) upon which the extended
flat surface of the sun wheel b rests. This regulating frame V₁ is bolted to the
supports in such a manner as will permit of its being raised or lowered in order to

page_text: give the shaft A an equal bearing upon the support V and the sun wheel or
to increase or decrease its bearing upon either as the case may require. That
portion of the engine above described remains stationary while the entire body.
of the engine revolves around the sun wheel as will be hereinafter more fully
explained. The shaft A passes through the bearings and sun wheel b with the
usual freedom to admit of its revolving therein it passes through the leverage
frame m rigidly and is firmly secured to the casting n by the usual method
of coupling; above and below the shaft A as shown in Fig. 3 are the small crank
shafts o which are operated by the pumps c, these shafts have their bearing in the
casting n and in the leverage frame m with the usual brasses to admit of lubrication.
To the end of the crank shafts o the small planet wheels a' are rigidly secured in
such a manner as will secure its proper mesh with the sun wheel b against and
around which it rotates. The casting n is provided with an elliptical formed
hole p through which the oscillating engines S pass and which is sufficiently large
to admit of their oscillating motion-At the centre of the casting n the same is
reduced to a flat circular surface and forms a head for the reservoir cylinders B,
which are bolted thereto as shown in Fig. 3. The casting which forms the reservoir
cylinders B "has two flat projecting arms B¹ on their outer surface which extends
lengthwise of the engine and which are bolted to the leverage frame m as shown at
B" The reservoir cylinders B are provided with the pistons D which are provided
with Hydraulic packing and whose rod or plunger D' is sufficiently large to reduce
the surrounding space in the cylinder to the requisite area to create hydraulic
power of the fluid contained therein on either side of the cylinders B in the casting
are the holes E which are for the purpose of receiving the studs F (figs 1 & 2) the
same being keyed on the under side. The studs F are for the purpose of holding a
cross bar against the upper side of the spring E¹ which operates against the end
of the plunger D' and which is for the purpose of increasing the pressure on the
upper side of the piston. The tanks & are simply receptacles from which the
engine draws her supply of liquor and into which she exhausts it again after its
passage through the different parts as will be hereinafter explained. The tanks and
springs are shown only on one side of the engine, it is intended however that they
should be placed on both sides alike-As shown in fig. 2 the oscillating Engine S
are connected with and operate the shaft H which runs the entire length of the
engine and to which are secured the large planet wheels a, which revolve against
and around the sun wheel b the same as the small planet wheels a'.
The shaft H has its bearing at each end at i in the leverage frame m attached to
the shaft H close to the crank H' are the eccentrics h which in connection with the
link operates the rod 7 which is divided into two arms, that slide in the slots /
(fig. 3) one of these arms is connected with and operates the valve S¹ of the
oscillating engines S.-Attached to the leverage frame m (fig. 2) are the pump
castings e in which the pump valves r and u are secured and through which the
passage u¹ is formed to connect with the feed pipes x. These feed pipes x connect
with the casting n (fig. 3) at x¹ and by means of passages formed in the said casting
feed the cylinder B as will be explained hereinafter. At each end of the engine
between the sun wheel b and leverage frame surrounding the shaft A is a grooved
collar or sheave m which is provided with two guides y¹ y¹ (Fig. 3.) and two
connecting rods j (Fig. 2) the guides are above and below the shaft A and are
purpose in the sun wheel b as shown in
adapted to slide in holes drilled for that
Fig. 3.
The connecting rods ; (Fig 2) are connected to the sheave on either side of the
shaft A. They run through the sun wheel b and connect with the rock shaft d on
its lower side by means of a small drop arm d', the rock shaft d has its bearing on
the supports V as shown at a² (Figs. 2 & 3) attached rigidly to the rock shaft at d
is a vertical lever which is used in starting. the engine. On the end of the rock-
shaft dat ca is another vertical lever which is provided with a drop arm e° that
connects by means of the rod e³ with the drop arm c³ of the opposite rockshaft d³
and is used as a reversing leyer-Attached to the leverage frame m is a stud f

page_text: which supports the crank bars f¹ƒ2 (Fig. 2) The shaft end of these crank bars
are provided with a jaw which encircles half the sheave y the jaw is provided with
studs that slide around the groove in the edge of the sheave as shown at m² (Fig. 3)
at the opposite end. The crank bar f' is connected by means of a small rod with
a crank g which by means of another small rod connects with a geared segment
crank g both of the cranks g and g¹ being mounted in studs attached to the
leverage frame m. and the cylinder arm B' as shown in Fig. 2, the geard crank g¹
meshes with a geared slide rod g² which operates a valve formed in the casting n
and which connects by means of the pipes n' with the oscillating engines S and is
so arranged as to open a passage by which the power is admitted to the engines S. S.
from the cylinders B by a movement of the starting lever d². At the outer end of
the crank lever f2 is connected a small rod o¹ which connects with a small crank
adapted to operate the reversing valve o' by means of the reversing lever c² and
rockshaft d³ as above described. The reversing valve o² receives its power through
the pipe t which is connected with the reservoir cylinder B. This power operates
the piston t which by means of a system of cranks and rods (that can not be very
well shown in the drawings) operate to reverse or "throw over "the links h¹ of the
eccentrics which in the usual manner reverse the action of the supply valves S¹
of the oscillating engines S.
The operation of the engine is as follows. By means of a Hydraulic hand pump
which is connected with the supply pipe x The reservoir cylinders B are filled to
a suitable pressure with ore or any desirable liquor. This operation will force
outwardly the two pistons D whose rods or plungers butt the springs F. The
supply reservoirs G being partly filled with the same liquor the engine is ready to
start as follows:-
The starting lever d' is pulled over away from the engine. This movement by
means of the drop arms d¹ and rods ; will force the sheave y away from the sun
wheel and towards the engine. The sheave carries with it the jawed end of the
lever f. This movement operates the crank g which in turn operates the segment
crank g which draws the toothed slide g³. This slide opens a valve that is located
next the cylinder B and under the arin B¹ of the saine. This valve can not be
very well shown in the drawing but it is understood that it is simply a three way
coned plug valve, the same as is used in general. The valve last referred to is
connected by pipes to the reservoir cylinders B and the supply pipes n² so that
when it is open the oil will rush from the cylinders B through the supply pipes n
and supply the power to start the engines S. S.-these engines will begin to rotate
the large planet wheels a which by means of the great leverage and fulcrum which
is exerted against the leverage frame m will cause the whole engine to revolve
around the sun wheel b; in thus causing the engine to revolve, they must necessarily
cause the small planet wheels a¹ to rotate as they are secured to the leverage
frame m and mesh with the sun wheel the same as the large planet wheels.
The rotation of the small planet wheels will operate the pumps c.
The action of
these pumps is to draw the oil from the reservoir G by means of the vacuum
created in the chamber which connects with the Reservoir by the pipe k'—'
another stroke of the pump will fill the pump chamber-another stroke will force
the oil through the second valve and thus repeated strokes forces the oil through
the passage u into the supply or feed pipes x and so into the reservoir cylinders B,
thus the engines S S receives their power from the cylinders B and exhaust into
the tank or reservoirs G-while the pumps draw from the tanks G-and
compress the power and send it into the reservoir cylinders B using the same oil
over and over again. Each of the pumps and engines having separate connections
with the tanks G for exhaust and supply purposes. To reverse the engine the
lever c is "thrown over" and by means of the connecting rod e³ operates the
sheave y lever f' and &c as heretofore described. This operation acts upon
the valve o which supplies the power to operate the piston and rod t¹.
This piston
by means of a system of rods and levers connects with the eccentric links h¹ and
thereby reversing the engine in the usual manner.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First In an engine adapted to be operated by hydraulic power, the reservoir
cylinders B oscillating engines S and pumps c all combined and connected with the
frame m and shaft A and adapted to rotate the planet wheels a and ¹ against and
around the fixed sun wheel bas described.
Second An engine consisting of the fixed sun wheel b secured to the frame V,
the planet wheels a and a¹ provided with proper shafts having bearings in the
leverage frame m in combination with the shaft A casting n oscillating engines S
and pumps c all adapted and arranged to be operated by hydraulic power as
described and to revolve the planet wheels a and a¹ against and around the fixed
sun wheel bas herein described and for the purpose specified.
Third-An engine constructed as herein described and provided with the
oscillating engines S adapted to be operated by hydraulic power and cause the
planet wheels & to revolve around the fixed sun wheel b in combination with
the small planet wheels a¹ that operates the force pumps c and thereby supplying
and compressing the power in the reservoir cylinders B, which feed the engines S
as described and specified.
-
Fourth In combination with an engine constructed as described, the cylindrical
sun wheel b provided with the flat extension b¹ secured to the frame V in
combination with the shaft A adapted to revolve therein and the planet wheels a
and a adapted and arranged to revolve against and around the sun wheel as set
forth and specified.
Fifth In a hydraulic engine the pressure reservoir cylinders B constructed as
described provided with a hydraulic packed piston which operates its rod or
plunger D against the spring F which acts with the pressure and to increase in
said cylinder as and for the purpose specified.
Sixth-In a hydraulic engine the regulating frame or rest v¹ constructed as
herein shown and adapted to regulate the pressure of the shaft A upon the sun
wheel as described and for the purpose set forth.
:
Seventh In a hydraulic engine the combination of the sun wheel with the
sheave y constructed as described, lever f¹, crank g segment crank g¹ and slide g²
all adapted and arranged to be operated by the rockshaft d as and for the purpose
specified.
:.
Eighth In a hydraulic engine the combination of the pumps c with the casting e
provided with the passage and valve mechanism u and r adapted to draw the
liquor from the reservoir G by means of the connection pipe k¹ and compress and
force the same into the cylinders B through the pipe x as and for the purpose set
forth.
Ninth In a hydraulic engine the combination of the sheave y lever f² and
rod o with the reversing valve and cylinder o connected with and adapted to
operate the eccentrics links h¹ as and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 18th day of Setember 1884
WILLIAM PATTERSON.