IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE AND FUEL
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bethell, of No. 8, Parliament Street, West-
minster, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF COKE AND FUEL."
Sealed the 27th July 1858, and dated the 29th January 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bethell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
January 1858.
I, JOHN BETHELL, of No. 8, Parliament Street, Westminster, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF COKE AND FUEL," to be as follows:-
At all the gas works large quantities of dust or very small coke is now
produced, which is of very little value, and is generally sold at a low price,
under the name of breeze.
My Invention consists in making a large coke of good quality or fuel from
this breeze, which I effect in the following manner :-I mix this breeze with
some coal tar or coal-tar pitch, and put it into a common coke oven and
burn it the usual time, when a large coke of good quality is produced. I use
about 75 per cent. of coke mixed with 25 per cent. of tar or pitch, but I do
not confine myself to these proportions, as they may be varied with advantage,
and other ovens or retorts besides the usual coke oven may be used. The coke
made in this manner will be much better in quality than the usual gas coke.
I make a fuel by mixing the breeze with coal tar or coal-tar pitch, and
putting the mixture into iron moulds and baking them in an oven until the
mixture is set into a solid block or brick, and I use about the same
proportions of the materials as above named.
I also make a fuel by mixing the small coke, which I previously heat
together with coal-tar pitch in a heated pug mill or other apparatus, and then

page_text: put the last mixture into moulds, and press it with a heavy pressure by
pistons worked by steam or by an hydraulic press.
I claim the making of a good coke and fuel from breeze or the small gas
coke, in manner above described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Bethell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th July 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BETHELL, of No. 8, Parliament Street, Westminster, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Bethell, Her special licence that I, the said John Bethell,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Bethell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE AND FUEL," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Bethell, or my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their lands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Bethell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
At all the gas works and other places where coke is made, large quantities
of dust or very small coke is now produced, which is of very little value, and is
generally sold at a low price under the name of breeze.
! My Invention consists in making a large coke of good quality or fuel from

page_text: this breeze, which I effect in the following manner :-I mix this breeze with
some coal tar or coal tar pitch, and put it into a common coke oven and burn
it the usual time, when a large coke of good quality is produced. I use
about 75 per cent. of coke mixed with 25 per cent. of tar or pitch; but I do
not confine myself to these proportions, as they may be varied with advantage,
and other ovens or retorts besides the usual coke oven may be used, and this
mixture may be burnt in heaps on the ground, but then the coke produced
is not of such good quality as when it is burnt in ovens. The coke made in
this manner when burnt in ovens will be much better in quality than the
usual gas coke.
I make a fuel by mixing the breeze in the proportion of 4 or 5 parts of
breeze with 1 part of coal tar or coal-tar pitch, and putting the mixture into
iron moulds and baking them in an oven until the mixture is set into a solid
block or brick. I also make a fuel by mixing the breeze or small coke in the
proportion of 4 or 5 parts breeze with 1 part coal-tar pitch, which I heat
together in a heated pug mill or other mixing apparatus, and then put the
hot mixture into moulds, and press it with a heavy pressure by pistons worked
by steam or by an hydraulic press. I have not particularly described the
machinery or apparatus for doing this, because such machinery is well known
as the patent fuel machinery, and many of such fuel machines have been
described in different Patents for making fuel with coal and pitch which
would be applicable for this purpose.
I claim the making of a good coke and fuel from breeze or small coke, in
manner above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bethell, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Bethell, in the
presence of
A. H. HOSKING,
8, Parliament St., West'.
JNO. BETHELL. (L.S.)