CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHARCOAL AND OTHER FUEL
Year: 1847

page_text: AZULAY AND SOLOMONS' SPECIFICATION.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS' SHALL COME, we, BONDY
AZULAY, of Rotherhithe, in the County 'of Surrey, Printer, and. ABRAHAM
SOLOMONS, of the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date' at Westminster; the Tenth day of June,
in the tenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Bondy Azulay and Abraham Solomons,
'our exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial license, full power, sole privelege
and authority, that we, the said Bondy Azulay and Abraham Solomons,. our
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Bondy Azulay and
Abraham Solomons, our exors, admors, and assigns, might at any time agree,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the continuance of
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend; within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed; our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
CHARCOAL AND OTHER FUEL;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, obliging 'us, 'the said Bondy Azulay' and Abraham Solomons to cause
a particular description of our Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, by an 'Instrument in writing under our hands and seals, to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Bondy Azulay and Abraham Solomons, do. hereby declare that the nature of
our Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, are par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof
(that is to say):-
The first part of our Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture
of charcoal. It may be premised, that in the manufacture of charcoal as at
present carried on, there is always a considerable amount of waste in the state
of dust or powder caused by the crumbling and breaking of the charcoal;
this waste is not used at present for fuel. By our Invention this waste is
converted into fuel, and a fuel more valuable than large charcoal. We take
this waste or small charcoal, and if necessary reduce it to a finer powder by
any of the ordinary means for pulverization; we then compress this powder
by the use of a hydraulic press or other suitable power, in manner well known,
such compressing power being now used for the manufacture of mosaic pave-
ment. We compress the above powder in moulds until it is reduced from one-
fifth to one-eighth of its original bulk. When removed from the mould, the
block of fuel will be found to be hard and solid, and which in a given size
will contain much more fuel than can be found in the ordinary specimens of
charcoal, and. for this reason it will be a very useful fuel for steam vessels and
locomotive engines, saving room in the bunkers and tenders. .
The second part of our Invention relates, first, to the manufacture of fuel
made of other substances than charcoal, or in combination with charcoal.
For this purpose we take small coal (known as slack), breeze, coke, cinders,
and pulverize them if necessary in the same manner as before stated; we after-
'wards compress the powder as before stated, and make blocks of a suitable
size. And, secondly, this part of our Invention relates to the manufacture of
a fuel adapted for lighting fires, combining a fire-lighter and fuel. For this
purpose we take charcoal powder, small coal, coke, cinders, breeze, or all or
any of them, and mix them with tar, pitch, resin, or other similar inflammable
substance; we then compress the mixture thus formed into moulds, and when
taken from the mould the block is dipped in pitch, tar, resin, or other suitable
inflammable substance. The block may be covered with sawdust and wrapped
in waste paper, by which means' each block will readily ignite by applying a
lighted match to it, and will burn for any length of time according to the
weight of the block. Various sorts of this fuel may be made, of which, how-
ever, no further description need be given as this fact will be apparent.
Having now described our Invention, we wish it to be understood that we
do not confine ourselves to the precise details hercin-before named, but on the

page_text: contrary, we reserve the right to vary the combinations of materials in any
proportions, and the covering of the blocks with a suitable substance to answer
the purpose of a fire-lighter; but we do not claim the fire-lighter by itself,
many fire-lighters being in common use. But what we do claim is,―
First, the manufacture of solid blocks of charcoal from the small pieces or
dust produced in the ordinary mode of making charcoal.
Secondly, we claim the manufacture of a fuel by compressing charcoal dust
mixed with small coal, coke, dust, cinders, and breeze, or with one or any
number of the above-named substances.
And, thirdly, we claim the, combining a fire-lighter with fuel in the manner
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bondy Azulay have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
L
BONDY (L.s.) AZULAY.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Tenth day of December, in
the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Bondy Azulay came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One