Improvements in Arc Lamps and in Dynamos to be Used therewith.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th June, 1889-Accepted, 28th Sept.,
1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Arc Lamps and in Dynamos to be Used
therewith.
I, ELMER AMBROSE SPERRY, of 1007 Opera House Block, Chicago, Illinois, United
States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained, in and by the following statement :-
The objects of this invention are to provide a cheap simple and effective lamp, and
an improved dynamo for use with same. The lamp however being suitable to be
used with usual dynamos, but is best used with the one hereafter described.
To enable my invention to be properly understood, I will proceed to fully describe
the same with aid of the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section through the lamp. -
Figure 2, is a vertical section at right angles to the other.
Figure 3, is a horizontal section through the lamp.
Figure 4, is a detail of the cut out magnet.
Figure 5, is a detail of the carbon clamp.
Figure 6, is a cross section of the dynamo through one field magnet, and one portion
of the armature.
Figure 7, is a front view of the field magnets and armature with the commutator
removed.
Figure 8, is a diagrammatic view of the dynamo lamps and circuits in position.
Like parts are indicated by the same letter in all the figures.
A, is the top of the case, B, B, the sides and C, the bottom. On the top A, are
the thimbles A', A', into which are secured the carbon tubes A2, A2; 01 is a sheet of
insulation on the bottom of the case and upon which is placed the base 02. D, D are
standards on the base and projecting from them are the springs D₁ Di which
support the frame D². In the top and bottom of this frame are apertures for the free
passage of the carbon rods D³ D³. Secured to the upper part of the frame D2 is the
electro magnet or solenoid D, which is in the main circuit from binding post D5 to
binding post D the connection being made from binding post D³ to magnet D4 by
D³ is a
the connector D' and from such magnets to the frame and carbon rods.
pivoted armature for the magnet or solenoid D* and to it is connected by the link D°
the carbon clamp D10, which surrounds the carbon rod and as its angle is changed
clamps or releases the same. Secured to the same armature is the trip D¹¹ which
engages the lower end of the pivotted variable stop E. This stop is adjustably
supported on the standard E¹, and carries the weight E2 at its upper end which causes
it to normally incline away from the lug E³ on the clamp D10. E is a spring which
opposes the action of the magnet or solenoid on the clamp D when the same is
arrested by the varible stop. Where two carbon rods are used there are two
clamps D F is a link from the extended end of the armature D8 to the piston F¹
in the dash pot F which is secured to the upper portion of the frame D² and contains
the stop F³. G is a derived or short circuit magnet or solenoid supported on the
base plate and eonnected with the poles Ds and D by the connectors G¹ and G.
It contains a movable core G³ pivoted to the lever G. This latter lever is pivoted to
the standard D at one end and at its other end carries the dash pot G wbich
reciprocates over the plunger G6 and is upwardly drawn by the spring G' which is
secured to the adjustable lever G8 so the tension of the spring may be varied. In the
form of the device as shown there are two shunt magnets or solenoids their cores
being connected by the armature G and there are two levers G' each pivoted to one
of the standards Ď and both connected at their ends. From the vertical sides of the
frame D' project the arms H, H see figure 3 each of which rests upon one of the

page_text: rollers J J on the levers G. These levers are connected together near their pivotal
points by the cross rod K. On one of the levers G is the arm L figure 4 which
finds a stop when the lever G is greatly depressed against the insulator L' on the
spring actuated pivoted lever L². This lever L2 when it finds a rest against the
piece L³ serves to make a connection between the connectors L and L' which lead to
the binding post and thus a current is formed through the electro magnet L. The
same is wound with a small quantity of heavy wire so that the entire lamp is cut out.
M, is a lever pivoted to the pendant M¹ upwardly held by the spring M² and having
at one end the stop M³ in the line of the descent of the cap M on the carbon rod D³
and at its other end the carbon rod sustaining clamp M³ the function of which parts
is to cause one carbon rod when burnt out to trip or release the other and thus throw
the second carbon in the double lamp into operation. N, N, are the bars which
support the lower portion of the lamp, N¹ a conductor leading to the binding post De,
and N2 and N³ the line wires. O is the base of the lamp to which is secured the
carbon protecting tube O¹ figure 5 one for each carbon and to these tubes is secured
by the set screw 02 the bottom 0³ on which rests the globe 04. Connector N¹
emerging below the rod passes through the insulator N and thence to the plate N'
which is provided with apertures N for the clamping piece N7. This clamping piece
has secured to its lower end the annulus N8 and is pivoted at N° to the arm N10.
. One end of this arm rest upon the plate N° the other is pivoted at the point N" to the
clamping piece N¹ which is bell cranked lever shaped. N¹³ is a set screw passing
through the end of this latter clamping piece and resting upon the plate No.
Duplicate parts wherever necessary will be supplied to make the lamp operate with
two carbons as the elements described are equally operating with one or more
carbons P is the lower carbon. I have called the stop E2 a variable stop because it
varies in the position which it occupies and hence in the effect which it produces upon
the clamp or clamps D".
A1, is the armature shaft which carries the spider B1 having sundry arms C¹ radiating
therefrom. D¹³, D15 are the field magnets composed each of a single piece having
the channel E to receive the cylindrical armature F16 and the end G to receive the
winding H. The armature is wound with radial coils divided into sections from
each of which passes a conductor J15, to strip K18 which in turn is connected with
the armature L which is supported on the shaft by means of the collar M¹ and the
insulation N. On each side of the spider is supported a bolt 01 by means of the
washer P¹ and nut R on opposite sides of such arm. S15 is the armature core on
which the wire is wound. On the bolt O is the flange T" and on its extremity is the
nut Us About this bolt is suitable insulation.
The use and operation of my invention are as follows. The current passes in
through the conductor N³ into the binding post D', through conductor D to main
circuit magnet or solenoid D₁ thence to the metallic parts of the inner frame, thence
to the carbon rods through the carbons through conductor N¹ to binding post De
thence on to line wire N². This operation takes place when first a current is turned
into the line, the immediate effect thereof is to draw up the armature D³ from its
normally depressed position thus raising the link F and piston F¹ in the dash pot F2
from the stop F3 at the same time lifting the clamp D10 bodily and separating the
carbons to establish the arc and then finally by the action of the arm D₁ against the
lower end of the stop E throwing the latter in the upright position where its end
engages the lug E³ rather than the main body of the clamp D in short the immediate
action of such current is to bring the parts into the position shown in figure 1
whereby the arc is established. Now a portion of the current begins to flow from
binding post D through conductor G to the derived current electro magnets or
solenoid G, G, thence through the conductor G2 to binding post D°. The quantity of
current passing through the magnets G G varies of course with the variation of the
resistance in the main circuit within the lamp and thus by the movement of the
cores G3 G3 in opposition to the spring G7, the levers G are jointly rocked thus
imparting the reciprocating motion to the frame which supports the main circuit
electro-magnet or solenoid and clamps and which I have denominated the carbon

page_text: separating device. The motion of this device feeds the carbon the clamp D1º being
caused to operate by the stop E¹ receiving the lug E³ thereon. The spring frame will
have an approximately paralell movement. The stop must be variable as indicated
for the clamp must operate in different planes and at different positions along the line
of the movement of the carbon rod; thus when the clamp is raised in the first
instance to separate the carbons it must clamp the rod at a position nearer the base of
the case than when it clamps the rod for feeding purposes, or in other words the point
at which the clamp releases the rod during the process of feeding is higher up than
the point at which it clamps the rod for separating the carbons and if the stop remain
constant in its inclined position engaging the clamp on its main surface and not on
its lug the carbon rod would instantly clamp and the feeding could not be accomplished
hence the arrangement of the variable stop. The carbon rod clamp when out of
action normally rests its main surface upon the end of the inclined or tilting stop.
The armature D8 is supported at a distance from its core by the stop F³ and the
carbon rod can freely move vertically. As soon as the magnet or solenoid D is
energized the armature is drawn up and the clamp seizes the rod at such a distance
from the base plate C2 as would permit the separation of the carbons by the continued
motion of the armature D8 toward its magnet. The clamp is lifted bodily so that in
order to release the carbon rod as necessary in the process of feeding it must have a
new or elevated stop. When the levers G are caused to descend greatly as would be
the case in the event of an abnormal resistance in the main circuit within the lamp
the arm L would cause the switch or pivoted piece L² to close the circuit through
conductors L and L and thus cut out the entire lamp. When the lower carbon is
being placed in position it is inserted through the clamping piece L' and the parts
brought into the position shown in figure 5. If now the thumb screw N¹ be rotated
it will have the effect of raising the end of the arm N10 thus bringing the two clamping
pieces N' and N12, together to clamp the carbon and at the same time forcing the
plate No against the plate N and securely locking the carbon in the position in which
it is placed.
The operation of the dynamo is substantially as follows;
The shaft being rotated the armature is rotated in the several channels of the field
magnets and if such magnets are energized currents will be developed on the armature
and given off on the commutator in the usual manner. The arrangement of collar,
flange and nuts on each bolt whereby it is secured to the spider and the armature to
it, is such that the strains resulting from the support of such armature on the bolt
and from the support of the bolt and armature on the spider are independant of
each other and the strain of the armature is wholly within its self. From these results
a far greater security and accuracy in fixing and retaining the armature in position
with reference to the field magnets.
纛
Referring to fig. 8 A dynamo, A" A" the leads therefrom and thereto A²³ lamps
in series.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
-
1. In an arc lamp the combination of a main circuit electro-magnet or solenoid
with a. parallel moving frame on which it is supported a carbon rod clamping device
moved by said electro-magnet or solenoid, and a shunt magnet or solenoid adapted to
move said frame.
2. In an arc lamp the combination of a main circuit electro-magnet or solenoid
with a paralell moving frame on which it is supported, a carbon rod clamping device
moved by said electro-magnet or solenoid, and a shunt magnet or solenoid adapted to
nove said frame said parallel moving frame suspended on spring bars.
3. In an arc lamp the combination of a main circuit electro inagnet or solenoid
with a parallel moving frame on which it is supported, a carbon rod controlling device
moved by said electro-magnet or solenoid and a derived circuit electro magnet or
solenoid adapted to move said frame.

page_text: 4. In an arc lamp the combination of a moving frame with a main circuit electro
magnet or solenoid supported on such frame, a lever pivoted at one end and attached
toward its other end to an armature of the derived circuit electro-magnet or solenoid
and connected with such frame so that the movement of the latter is affected by the
derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid.
5. In an arc lamp the combination of the moving frame with a main circuit electro
magnet or solenoid supported thereon a lever fulcrumed on a rigid support attached
to the armature of the derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid and connected with
such frame so that the motion of the frame is affected by the derived circuit electro-
magnet or solenoid.
6. In an arc lamp the combination of a moving frame with a main circuit electro
magnet or solenoid supported thereon a lever fulcrumed at one end and attached
toward its other end of the armature of the derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid
an elastic support for such lever opposing the derived circuit electro magnet or
solenoid said frame resting upon said lever.
7. In an are lamp the combination of a moving frame with a main circuit electro
magnet or solenoid supported thereon, a derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid
a lever rigidly supported at one point and elastically supported at another and
connected with the frame and the derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid so that
the latter affects the movement of the former.
8. In an arc lamp the combination of a carbon separating electro magnet or
solenoid with a derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid adapted to move the said
carbon separating magnet or solenoid.
9. In an are lamp the combination of a moving carbon separating electro magnet
or solenoid with a carbon feeding magnet or solenoid and connections from the latter
to the former so that the former may be moved bodily in the process of feeding the
carbon..
10. In an arc lamp the combination of a carbon separating device containing a
main circuit electro magnet or solenoid with a derived circuit electro magnet or
solenoid adapted to move said carbon separating device.
11. In an are lamp the combination of a carbon separating device containing a
main circuit electro magnet or solenoid and a carbon rod clamp controlled thereby to
separate the carbons with a derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid which is
connected with and affects the motion of said device so as to control the feed of the
carbon.
a
a
12. In an arc lamp the combination of a carbon separating device containing
main circuit electromagnet or solenoid and a carbon rod clamp controlled thereby,
derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid and connection between such device and
the derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid supported rigidly at one point and
elastically at another so that the movement of the carbon separating device is affected
by the derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid to feed the carbon.
13. In an are lamp the combination of a carbon separating device consisting of a
parallel moving frame a main circuit electro magnet or solenoid supported thereon a
carbon rod clamp controlled by such electro magnet or solenoid with a derived circuit
electro magnet or solenoid and a connection between the latter magnet and the frame
so that it affects the motion of said frame.
14. In an arc lamp a moving carbon separating device containing the main circuit
electro magnet or solenoid and the carbon rod clamp in combination with a double
acting stop for the clamp both clamp and stop controlled by said magnet:
15. In an are lamp a moving carbon separating device containing a carbon rod
clamp in combination with a double acting stop for such clamp and mechanism within
such carbon separating device for controlling the clam and stop.
16.. In an arc lamp a carbon rod clamp in combination with a double acting stop
therefor and a carbon feeding device and carbon separating device said clamp
co-operating with the double acting stop to both separate and feed the carbon.
17. In an arc lamp the combination of an electro magnet or solenoid with a carbon
rod clamp and a double acting stop said clamp and stop connected with the armature

page_text: of the magnet so that both are controlled and simultaneously operated by such
electro magnet or solenoid.
18. In an arc lamp the combination of a moving carbon separating device containing:
a carbon rod clamp with a double acting stop, mechanism within the carbon separating
device to actuate such stop and a further mecbanism adapted to move such carbon
separating device after the stop has been actuated.
a
19. In an arc lamp the combination of carbon separating device containing
main circuit electro magnet or solenoid and a carbon rod clamp, with a double,
acting stop both clamp and stop operated by such electro magnet or solenoid, and
a derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid adapted to move the carbon separating
device.
20. In an arc lamp the combination of an elastically supported carbon rod clamp
with a double acting stop therefor and a derived circuit electro magnet or solenoid,
adapted to move clamp.
21. In an arc lamp the combination of a moving elastically supported carbon.
separating device which contains a main circuit electro magnet or solenoid and a
carbon rod clamp a double acting switch for such clamp and a derived circuit:
electro magnet or solenoid to move the carbon separating device.
22. In an are lamp the combination of two carbon rods two clamps and a single,
stop to operate both such clamps simultaneously.
23. In an arc lamp the combination of two carbon rods two clamps and a single
variable stop to operate both such clamps simultaneously.
24. In an arc lamp the combination of two carbon rods with clamps two for
each of such rods and one for the other so that the rod may be held in any
position.
25. In an arc lamp the combination of two carbon rods with a clamp on one
of said rods which holds it at any point therealong and release mechanism therefor
operated by the other.
26. In an arc lamp a carbon rod in combination with two-clamps-one a feeding
and separating clamp the other a supporting clamp said supporting adapted to
clamp the rod in any position.
27. In an arc lamp the combination of two carbon rods with similar feeding and
separating clamps one for each and a supporting clamp on one of the rods adapted
to clamp it at any point and mechanism operated by the other rod to release such
latter clamp.
28. In a carbon clamp for arc lamps the combination of two opposed carbon
clamping pieces one bell crank lever shaped an arm on each both are pivotted the one
at its angle means for moving said latter pieces to control the carbon.
29. In a carbon clamp for arc lamps the combination of two opposed carbon
clamping pieces one bell crank lever shaped an arm on which both are pivoted one
at its angle means for simultaneously moving the pivoted end of said arin and
swinging the angular piece on such pivot to cause the pieces to clamp or release the
carbon.
30. In a carbon clamp for arc lamps the combination of opposed carbon clamping
pieces and supporting plate bearings for connections for said pieces on opposite sides
of said plate and means for moving such pieces so as simultaneously to clamp or
release the plate and carbon.
31. In a carbon clamping device for arc lamps the combination of two clamping
pieces and an arm to which both are pivoted a plate on which one of such pieces
has a bearing on the opposite side from the pieces a bearing for the arm on the same
side of such plate as the pieces and means for moving the arms and pieces so as to
simultaneously clamp or release the carbon and plate.
32. In a dynamo electric machine used in arc lamps herein described the
combination of a rotating spider with a series of bolts projecting therefrom and
secured thereto and an armature secured on such bolts independently of the
spider.

page_text: 33. In a dynamo electric machine used in arc lamps herein described the
combination of a rotating spider with a series of bolts projecting therefrom and
secured thereto by a collar and nut on opposite sides of such spider arms with an
armature secured to such bolts independently of the spider.
34. In a dynamo electric machine used in arc lamps herein described the
combination of a rotating spider with a series of holts secured thereto and projecting
therefrom and an armature secured on such bolts between a flange and a nut on each
of said bolts.
35. In a dynamo electric machine used in are lamps herein described the
combination of a rotating spider with a series of bolts projecting from the arins
thereof each secured thereto by a flange and nut on opposite sides of such spider
arm with an armature secured on such bolts between a flange and a nut on each
of them.
36. In a dynamo electric machine used with arc lamps herein described the
combination of a rotating spider with a cylindrical armature and bolts which project
from and are secured to the spider and to which in turn is secured the arinature
independently of the spider.
37. In a dynamo electric machine used with arc lamps herein described a series
of channelled field magnets each composed of a single piece in combination with a
rotating armature which rotates in such channels.
38. In a dynamo electric machine used with arc lamps herein described the
combination of a series of channelled field magnets each composed of a single piece
and the channels constituting arcs of one and the same circle with a cylindrical
armature adapted to rotate in said channels.
Dated this 8th day of June 1889
FREDERIC PRINCE,
1, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for Applicant.