Manufacture of Alloys of Iron with other Metals.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Oct., 1895-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by the Firm of M. M. ROTTEN, of Schiffbauer-
damm 29ª, Berlin, Germany, Engineers and Patent Agents.]
Manufacture of Alloys of Iron with other Metals.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The manufacture of alloys of iron with other metals has heretofore been subject
to great difficulties.
My correspondents have discovered that the manufacture of such alloys, in
particular those of iron with manganese, aluminium, nickel, chromium, and wolfram
is greatly facilitated by mixing the said metals, either in the metallic form, or
partially or wholly in the oxidised condition, with a carbonising material composed
of coal or coke and of lime or other alkaline earths or alkalies. Such a carbonising
material was described in the Specification No. 23286 of 1892 for the purpose of
carbonising ingot iron and the like.
Dated this 17th day of January 1895
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :--
The manufacture of alloys of iron with other metals has heretofore been subject
to great difficulties.
My correspondents have discovered that the manufacture of such alloys, in
particular those of iron with manganese, aluminium, nickel, chromium, and wolfram
is greatly facilitated by mixing the said metals, either in the metallic form, or
partially or wholly in the oxidised condition, with a carburating material composed
of coal or coke and of lime or other alkaline earths or alkalies. Such a carburating
material was described in the Specification No. 23286 of 1892 for the purpose of
carburating ingot-iron and the like.
The metal which is to be alloyed with the iron, is, if, brittle, powdered, if
malleable, divided into small chips or shavings and then mixed with carbon and
hydrate of lime or equivalent material.
The proportion of carbon is so chosen that if a metal be used, the carbon is just
sufficient for the right degree of carbonisation but if the oxide or a salt of metal
for instance carbonate of manganese or nickel be used, the carbon is sufficient as
well for reduction as for carbonisation of the alloy.

page_text: mass.
To this mixture is added a sufficient quantity of water, for forming a plastic
This mass is moulded and compressed, then heated only to such an extent
as to cause the hygroscopic water to evaporate, the water of hydration being
retained.
The compressed pieces, bricks, balls etc. are brought into the molten iron, which
had been decarbonised by any other process for instance the Bessemer or Siemens-
Martin process. The pieces are introduced either on the bottom of the ladle, or
in the casting mould or in the furnace itself, or they are introduced by mingling
with the metal.
The water of hydration which goes off and is mostly decomposed effects the
mixing of the metal, (which has either existed as metal in the mixture or has
become metal by reduction through the carbon) perfectly with the molten iron and
facilitates in that manner the formation of a perfect alloy, but further it expels all
gases out of the molten alloy, whereby also the formation of a perfect alloy will
be facilitated. The carbonaceous material which has been in the mixture adds as
much carbon to the alloy, as may be wished. The amount of this carbon varies
and may be for instance greater for an iron-manganese-alloy, than for an iron-
nickel-alloy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Manufacture of alloys of iron with other metals by mixture of the metals or
their oxides with a carburating material composed of carbonaceous material and
lime or other alkaline earths either in lumps or in powder.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1895.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.