IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LEBERECHT STEINHAUESER, of Upper Terrace, Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Thirty-first day of March, in the third year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Leberecht Steinhaueser, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said John Leberecht Steinhaueser, my exors, admors, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Leberecht Steinhauser, my exors,
adiñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
AND DOUBLING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," commu-
nicated to me by a certain Foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said John Leberecht Steinhauser,
should cause a particular description of the nature of the Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Leberecht Steinhaueser, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
to consist in an improved arrangement of the spindle and flyer, together with

page_text: the drag or resistance applied to the bobbin in preparation, spinning, and
doubling machines, by which the process of preparing rovings, and the sub-
sequent operation of spinning such rovings into yarn or twist, and of doubling
such yarn or twist, is performed in a more uniform and economical manner
than heretofore; and the manner in which the same is to be performed and
carried into effect is shown by reference to the annexed Drawings and the
following description thereof. The scale to which the annexed Drawings are
made is the full or natural size, and the letters of reference on the Table or
Sheet 1 indicate the same parts in every Figure on that Table or Sheet of
Drawing, while the letters of reference used on Table or Sheet 2, though
differently placed, also correspond in the various Figures or Views there
represented.
In Table 1, Figure 1 represents an elevation or view of a spindle with its
appendages, as applied to a flax or tow spinning frame, or to the ordinary
cotton throstle, in which machines it is placed in front of the delivering roller
which delivers the yarn or twist to the ordinary guide or loop g. In this
arrangement of the Invention it will be remarked that the spindle a is placed
in a horizontal position instead of the ordinary perpendicular position, for
reasons hereafter explained. Figure 13 is a section of the same with some of
the minor parts omitted, for the purpose of shewing the interior construc-
tion. Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 are detached or separate parts of Figure 1,
in which a represents a fixed or stationary spindle (sometimes called a
dead spindle), supported or placed horizontally in the spindle rail b. This
spindle is provided with a hollow tube c, which revolves freely, and is
driven by a band passing round the waive d, which receives motion from
the ordinary drum of such machines. The exact construction of the spindle a
is best seen at Figure 6; and the tube c, with the waive d, with which is
connected, in plan and elevation at Figure 5. The end of the tube c which
is nearest the waive d rests on a shoulder or projection from the spindle a, as
best seen at Figure 6, and is prevented from sliding or shifting its position on
the spindle a, by means of a small ring q, as best seen in Figure 13, and in
plan and elevation at Figure 8. This tube c may be constructed in various
ways, but if made of iron I generally use brass for the collars which come in
contact with the spindle a, as represented in section at Figure 13. Upon the
tube c are placed the fliers f, f, supported in the box e, which moves freely in
a direction parallel to the spindle a, and partakes of the revolution of the tube
c, with which it is connected by means of the stud or screw o, which takes
into a slot or opening in the tube c, as seen at Figures 1 and 5, which allows
of an elevation or depression of the flier sufficient to distribute the yarn or

page_text: twist uniformly on the surface of the bobbin h, which is supported on
the upper part of the stationary spindle a, as seen at Figure 1. The
construction of this flier will be best seen at Figures 3 and 4, where the
parts are shewn separate, and in section at Figure 13, where they are joined
together. The traverse or copping motion of the flier, which is required
for the uniform distribution of the yarn on the surface of the bobbin h,
is effected by any of the ordinary movements for that purpose, and conveyed
to the flier by the lever p, which takes into the groove at e, and governs its
elevation or depression, as seen at Figures 1 and 12. The course of the yarn
or twist is seen at Figure 1, from the guide g in the front of the delivering
rollers to the arm of the flier f; and here it must be remarked that a
sufficient distance is always to be allowed between the top of the spindle a
and the guide g, to allow of doffing or removing the bobbins when full.
Figure 7 represents a separate view of the parts by which the drag or
resistance required to effect the winding on is affected. In this Figure q
represents the small collar or ring already spoken of for keeping the tube c in
its proper position, and which is held firm on the spindle a by means of the
small pointed set screw t. I is a piece attached to the ring or collar q by the
screw, and provided with two holes, through which the parallel rods to
which the weight m suspended are passed. The opposite extremities of these
rods are firmly attached to the saddle or cross-piece k, which carries a small
waive or pulley n. Refering to Figure 1, the parts described Figure 7 will
be seen in their proper position for work, the waive or pulley n pressing into
the groove at the lower part of the bobbin h; the amount of pressure will be
governed by the weight representeam, which can be varied according to
the drag or resistance required to take up the yarn or twist, which drag may
also be increased by removing the waive m, and using a presser or leather
surface, as shewn at Figure 11. On the other hand, when the drag is required
to be decreased for fine numbers, the weight of the saddle k and parallel
rods are found sufficient to retard the bobbin h, and take up the yarn or twist
as it is delivered. From what has been explained of the nature of the drag
or retarding apparatus will be seen the necessity of placing the spindle in one
horizontal position, so that the weight m may have its proper effect; and this
arrangement I find to produce one of the most uniform drags when the hori-
zontal position of the spindle can be effected; but when the spindle is placed
in a perpendicular position the same effect may be produced by means of a
spring, as represented at Figures 2, 9, and 10, where q represents the ring or
hoop attached to the spindle a, as already explained; and r, a bent lever
moving on a fixed fulcrum, one extremity being provided with a leather
surface or presser which takes into the same groove in the bobbin h (which the

page_text: waive n did in the former arrangement, see Figure 10), and the other extre-
mity forced from the spindle by means of a spiral spring placed on the screw z.
The lever r is provided with a slot or opening (see Figure 10, which represent
this part before it is bended), through which the screw z passes freely; and
according to the position of the screw z and spiral spring, whether as shewn at
Figure 9, or nearer to the fulcrum of the lever r, as it would be at the point w,
depends the force exerted by the presser at the opposite extremity of the lever
r, and consequently the drag or retardation of the bobbin h.
I shall now proceed to describe the application of the Invention to the
bobbin and fly frame, or slubbing and roving frames, used in the preparation
of rovings for the spinning frame or throstle. In Table 2, Figure 1 represents
a stationary roving spindle, with the bobbin and requisite apparatus for
winding on the roving, similar to that already described in the spinning frame
at Table 1, Figure 1, except that in the present Figure the spindle is perpen-
dicular instead of horizontal. In this Figure, n is a receptacle for oil placed
at the foot of the spindle. d is the screw or stud taking into the slot or open-
ing in the revolving tube, as already described; and b and c, the box of the
flier, by which the perpendicular travers is received from the ordinary copping
rail a.
The construction of the parts which receive the copping rail a are
shewn at Figure 2; and another arrangement, by which the traverse of the
copping rail is imparted to the flier, at Figure 3, where the part c carries the
flier in the downward traverse. Figure 4 represents the flyer b, also supported
on the copping rail a, but carried in its dow* traverse by means of the
lever f, which is adjusted by the set screw g. This lever f also enables the
operative to stop the revolution of the flier instantaneously as soon as an end
breaks, or any other necessity arises for his doing so. In Figure 1 the drag or
retarding action applied to the bobbin is produced by the plate h, on which the
bobbin rests. This plate is firmly attached to the stationary spindle by means
of a set screw, and the amount of friction or resistance offered to the bobbin is
varied by varying the size of such plate, the form of a smaller size being repre-
sented at m, m, Figure 6.
Figure 5 represents another modification of the drag used at Figure 1. In
this Figure, h represents the plate to be attached to the spindle by a set
screw; and, a small bent lever, moving freely on its fulcrum at k, and
presses forward towards the bobbin by a spring seen at o. The dotted circle
in this fixture indicates the bottom of the bobbin, pressed by the extremity
of the lever b, which pressure can be varied by varying the distance of the
fulcrum k from the spring o, into any of the series of holes there delineated.

page_text: After having explained the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
applying it to roving and spinning machinery, the application to a doubling
frame is too obvious to require any explanation to spinners and persons
conversant to machinery, and I shall only enumerate some of the advantages
experienced from the adoption of the Invention, which consists in the accuracy
with which the drag or retardation can be varied and adjusted; the facility
with which the bobbins can be removed; the decrease of breakage, from the
uniformity of drag, and increasing steadiness of the bobbin placed on a station-
ary spindle; and, lastly, the power of placing the spindle in an horizontal
position, or at any angle, if required.
Having now described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, together with such observations as I have con-
sidered necessary to render such description more clear, I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not claim any of the old or well-known parts of the machinery
separately. But I do claim the arrangement and construction of that part,
described and set forth at Figure 7, by which the drag or retardation of the
bobbin is effected or produced, as well as the various modifications of the
same, and also the peculiar construction and arrangement of the tube c, as
shewn at Figures 5 and 1, Table 1; all which, together with the general
arrangement of the whole machinery, as herein-before described, being, to the
best of my knowledge and belief, new, and never before used in this Kingdom,
I deliver this as my true and faithful Specification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Leberecht Steinhaueser, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of September, in
the voor of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty
WOOK