matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A New or Improved Device for Closing Bottles and other Receptacles.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Device for Closing Bottles and other
Receptacles.
I, JULIUS AUSBÜTTEL, Manufacturer, of Düsseldorf, in the German Empire,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The closing device or stopper illustrated by the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 to 4, chiefly comprises a metallic spring s, and a plate or disc p of india
rubber or other suitable material which is pressed upon the mouth of the bottle
by the said spring.
The springs forms a hoop bulged downward in the centre and is bent round
at the bottom, so as to form holders h extending below the rim of the bottle
neck or mouth. To prevent accidental displacement of the indiarubber plate,
the head of the bottle is bell-mouthed and provided with a rim r, so that the
said plate, when laid on the mouth, will be held in position by the said rim.
The mouth of the bottle must be smooth, but need not be ground.
This stopper is especially suitable for liquids, from which gases or vapors
must be allowed to escape, while the access of atmospheric air should be
prevented.
As the spring is bulged downward, so as to touch the plate p only in the
centre, the said plate can be easily raised by the ascending vapors at the edge,
so as to allow the said vapors to escape, without giving access to the atmo-
spheric air.
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a bottle provided with stopper.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a bottle neck and stopper, and
Fig. 4 a vertical section of a bottle without the stopper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A device for closing bottles and other receptacles, consisting of an elastic
plate placed on the mouth of the bottle, and an elastic hoop secured to the neck
of the bottle and bulged downward in the centre, the whole being arranged in such
a manner, that the said plate acts as a valve which allows the vapors and gases to
escape from the bottle, but prevents the access of air from outside, substantially
as described.
2. The means for preventing the accidental displacement of the elastic plate
mentioned above, which consists in making the bottle bell-mouthed, and
providing it with a rim extending upward from the mouth, said rim being adapted
to receive the elastic plate placed on the mouth of the bottle, substantially as
described.
Dated this 8th day of December 1891.
+
An Improved Fastener for Paraffin Lamp Globes.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Fastener for Paraffin Lamp Globes.
I, ISAAC SHERWOOD Junior of 44 to 50 Granville Street Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to more effectually secure paraffin lamp globes on
their holders.
It consists of a spring pin or bolt A working in a tube or socket B attached to
the globe holder, the spring being for the purpose of adjusting the pin or bolt for
fastening the globe and yielding sufficiently to allow it to draw back to release
itself from the rim of the globe.
The method of adjusting is as follows :-
-
The globe is placed with its rim beneath the two fixed clips, the spring bolt
is drawn back to allow the rim to pass and then released to allow it to project
over the rim for the purpose of fastening; the spring keeping it fully up in
position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
An improved fastener for paraffin lamp globes consisting of the parts arranged
and combined as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1891
An Improved Duplex Penholder, or Pen and Holder.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1391-Accepted, 14th Nov.. 1851
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Duplex Penholder, or Pen and Holder.
I, BERNHARD WERRES, Managing Director, of Roisdorf near Bonn on the
Rhine, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :—
My invention has for its object, to provide an instrument for drawing simul-
taneously a single line and a double line at a given distance from each other. It is
chiefly intended for the use of book-keepers and accountants.
As illustrated by the accompanying drawings, the pen-holder has the shape of a
fork; the two sides or prongs a and b are made of elastic material, such as horn,
wood, hard rubber, while the handle c may consist of any suitable material.
By means of the screw-nut m and spindle s, the free end of which passes through
a slot in the leg b, or by a similar contrivance, the distance between the free ends
of a and b may be varied within certain limits.
The ends of the legs a and b are provided with suitable cuts or recesses for the
reception of steel pens.
The leg a receives an ordinary nib or pen, while the leg b receives one of
Sonnecken's steel-pens (or other duplex-pen) for producing double lines.
Adjustable duplex drawing pens are well-known, but not applicable for the present
purpose, because the legs of these instruments carry drawing pens, which will not
produce two lines close together, simultaneously with a third line at a variable
distance from the other. Besides this drawing pens are not suitable for book-
keepers, because they are soon destroyed by the use of ordinary ink. On the other
hand, the new duplex penholder may be constantly supplied with new steel pens,
and can easily be placed with its long handle c behind the ear, which is not
practicable or convenient in the case of the duplex drawing pens hitherto known.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim :-
1. A penholder for simultaneously drawing a single and a double line, consisting
of adjustable shanks a and b, adapted to receive an ordinary steel-writing pen and
a Sonnecken or similar duplex-pen for producing double lines, in combination with
a holder or handle which unites the said legs, substantially as described.
2. The combination of a duplex-penholder, as specified, with an ordinary writing
pen or nib and a duplex-pen, substantially as described.
Dated this Oth dow of October 1801
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Wooden Tongs for Removing Clothes from Coppers or the like to Prevent Scalding of the Hands.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Wooden Tongs for Removing Clothes from Coppers or the like to
Prevent Scalding of the Hands.
CHARLES WINDER TWITE, Clerk, and ALFRED THOMPSON, Seaman, both of
101 Mill Hill Road Acton Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to a laundry utensil and consists of a pair of wooden tongs
for removing clothes from the copper.
Its construction is set forth in the accompanying drawing, with reference figures
and its description is as follows.
The tongs (see No. 1 in drawing) are of wood and made in two pieces of the
same shape, near the end is a hinge made as follows, the two halves are put in place
and a hole made horizontally through the centre, a wooden roller (see No. 2 in
drawing) is then fitted into the hole, and the three pieces are fitted together with
a copper rivet which is placed through vertically, (see No. 3 in drawing).
A steel spring (see No. 4 in drawing) is affixed to the handle end which it closes,
thus keeping the tongs always open. It will be found that by squeezing the tongs
in the centre that they will grip the clothes which can then be withdrawn from the
copper and placed upon the straining board.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. That it will prevent the scalding of the hands.
2. That it is better than the copper stick.
3. That being simple in construction it can be cheaply made and sold.
Dated this 24th day of December 1891
CHARLES WINDER TWITE.
ALFRED THOMPSON.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water.
We, WILLIAM JOHN FREDERICK ANDREWS, of 124 Hanley Road, Stroud
Green, Builder, CHARLES EDWARD COBLEY, of 108 Stepney Green, Licensed
Victualler, and FRED HORTON, of 43 Sloane Street, Builder, all in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for heating water.
The apparatus is represented by the annexed drawings in which
Figure 1 is an elevation drawn in perspective..
Figure 2 is a vertical section, and
Figure 3 is a horizontal section.
The boiler consists of a cylindrical vessel a having an internal cone b, the base
of the cone coinciding with the bottom of the boiler and the truncated apex of the
cone with the top thereof. Series of water pipes ce pass from side to side of the
Beneath the cone are rings of air gas
cone connecting the water spaces around it.
burners d . The products of combustion pass up the cone and escape at the apex
The sides and top of the boiler are
into a space e above the top of the boiler.
covered by a hood f. The products of combustion are caught by this hood and
caused by it to descend around the exterior of the boiler they pass beneath the
edges of the hood into an air space formed between the outside of the boiler and
an outer casing which is packed with asbestos or other suitable material. A flue
pipe i takes off the products of combustion from the top of the casing hand leads
into a chimney.
The casing is provided with a door h¹.
Suitable taps and connections may be provided for filling and driving off water
from the boiler or it may be connected to a hot water circulating system.
This boiler is constructed with a flanged bottom turning outwardly, and bolted
through, making the disconnection quite simple for the cleaning out of the tubes
and repairs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
-
An apparatus for heating water substantially as described and represented by the
An Improved Baking Pan.
Year: 1891

page_text: An Improved Baking Pan.
We, THOMAS HENRY MURPHY, and PHILIP MICHAEL ZOEGGELE, of New
Bedford, in the County of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, U.S.A. Bakers, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement :-
It is well known, that "hearth bread,"-i.e., bread which has been baked on the
bottom of a brick oven-is superior to bread which has been baked in a tin, or
sheet-iron pan; and the object of our invention, is to provide a device for baking
bread, by means of which, bread, like "hearth bread " may be produced in the oven
of a common stove or range, and at the same time, cause the loaves to assume a
symetrical shape.
The accompanying drawing illustrates our invention, in which-
Fig. 1, represents a view of the same in vertical section through the dotted
line x, x, Fig. 4.
Fig. 2, represents a view of the same with the top, or mold, removed.
Fig. 3, represents a plan view of a portion of the base of the device, having the
top or mold removed; and
Fig. 4, represents a plan view of the device, with the top closed.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
a, represents the base or bottom of the device, which is preferably made of sheet-
iron. To the top of the base a, is secured the raised edge c, in the form which it is
desired the sides of the loaf shall be. The edge c, which with the base a, forms a
shallow pan, is filled with fire-clay, or some analagous material. The cover e, is
made to fit down around the edge c, and serves as a mold, to give symetrical shape
to the loaf, as it rises into it.
The operation of the device is as follows:
The proper amount of dough for a loaf is placed on the fire-clay or brick d, and
the cover e, closed down over it, and the whole, placed in an oven.
As the bread rises, it takes the shape of the inside of the cover e, and the fire-
clay or brick, on which it rests, gives it the nature of hearth-bread.
Having now, particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim, is-
A device for baking hearth-bread, in a common stove or range oven, consisting of
the base a, having the raised edge c, on its upper surface, and filled with fire clay d
or some analagous material, and a cover e, fitting around the edge c, adapted to give
symetrical shape to the loaf of bread, as it rises into it, substantially as shown and
described.
Dated this Eleventh dow of Tiscombo- 1901 at Now Dadfand
TT A
A Combined Trouser and Legging.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1891
DE MULTIGATION.
A Combined Trouser and Legging.
We, HAVELOCK RIDING JOSEPH ROBINSON & WILLIAM HENRY ROBSON
all of 9 Hermit Street West Hartlepool Durham Mechanics, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to combine trousers with leggings so arranged
that when the trousers are turned up, the legging is substituted for the bottom of
the trousers. To carry out this object, I provide a suitable piece of cloth, or other
convenient material, out of which I form the legging to be attached to the bottom
of the inside of the trousers. This legging is sewn to the inside of the trousers at
the bottom, and half way up so as to form a flap, which, when the trousers are
turned up, folds down and forms the bottom of the legging.
Referring to the annexed drawings,
Figure 1 shews view of leg of trousers, the dotted lines showing the position of
the legging inside the trousers when not in use.
Figure 2. shews view of trouser leg with legging folded down in use.
Figure 3. is a sectional view showing legging in use, folded down.
Figure 4. is a sectional view showing legging folded up when not in use.
The bottom of the trouser a is folded up at 6 and exposes the upper part of the
legging e, and allows the lower part of the legging cl to fold down upon the boot
and take the place of the bottom of the trousera which has been folded up to f.
gare button holes which engage with buttons h, attached to the other edge or side
of the legging.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
(1) The combination and arrangement of the legging with the bottom of trousers,
so arranged that when the bottom of the trousers is folded up, the legging folds
down and together with the top, which is exposed by folding up the trousers, forms
a complete legging substantially as described.
(2) The attachment of a piece of material inside the bottom of the leg of
trousers, so as when the trouser leg is turned up a legging is formed, substantially
as described.
1
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.
Year: 1891

page_text: spoon provided with a measuring receptacle and an attached movable device for
levelling off the contents of the measuring receptacle as set forth.
2. The measuring spoon comprising the measuring receptacle a, handle d, frame b,
and movable levelling device c; substantially as set forth and shewn in the drawings,
for the purposes specified.
Dated this 21st day of April 1891.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
Improvements in Shuttle-driving Mechanisins for Looms.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 16th May 1091
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shuttle-driving Mechanisins for Looms.
I, OTTO LÜTHY of Salach, near Göppingen, in the German Empire, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly de-cribed and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a new driving mechanism of the shuttle in power looms
and the object of the same is to obviate the many breaks of the Hy-cord as well as
to easily replace the picker. I arrive at this end by the mechanisin illustrated in
the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is a complete illustration of the shuttle-driving-mechanism, and
Figs. 2-3 are details thereof.
In power looms the stroke which is exercised by the picker is a very severe one,
and the fly-cord or rather the fly-belt has to undergo a strong pull at each stroke.
Heretofore the fly-belt was fastened to the picker by an ordinary loop. However
the loop frequently tears out, thereby not only causing disturbances in the working
but also a great waste of the leather belting, since at each break-down at least 5
or 6 inches had to be cut off, if not throw away the belt altogether.
Wastes of this kind are completely avoided by my system of coupling the fly-belt
to the picker.
The head of the picker D is shaped as may be seen from Fig. 1 like an eye, the
Hereunto is bolted the leather-loop E by the screw-
top-part G thereof being flat.
pin II, between the head of which and the leather loop there is an iron washer F
for firmly gripping the loop in its whole breadth. An iron ring K is linked to this
loop, being inserted before fastening the loop E to the picker. Finally the fly-cord
or belt is attached to this ring by the belt-cramp J.
It need scarcely be pointed out how much stronger this coupling will be in com-
parison to the old arrangement. The picker can be easily removed, when required,
by merely disengaging the bolt II and in as easy a manner, the belt loop E may be
removed. An especial saving may be gained by cutting the belt-loop E out of small
waste-pieces of leather.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
In power looms: A shuttle driving-mechanism consisting of the belt-loop (E)
and washer (F) bolted down to the picker by the screw-pin (II) in combination
with the iron-ring (K), for the purpose of fastening the fly-belt thereto, as described.
Dated this 13th day of April 1891.
OTTO LUTHY.
By Robert Deissler.
An Improved Composition for Removing Scales from Steam-boilers and Preventing their Formation.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Composition for Removing Scales from Steam-boilers
and Preventing their Formation.
I, WILLIAM BLACKBURN, of Marion, in the County of Marion, and State of
Ohio, United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved composition for removing scales from steam-
boilers and preventing their formation.
My composition consists of the following ingredients, approximately combined
in the proportions stated, viz.: hydrocarbon oil, one gallon; rice, one-fourth pound;
starch, one-fourth pound. These ingredients are to be thoroughly mingled by
agitation.
The composition is preferably placed in the boiler before the latter is charged
with water. The quantity of composition required will of course depend on the
size of the boiler and the amount of impurities contained in the feed-water.
The boiler compounds heretofore used were objectionable in that they were too
caustic and the boilers and flues were rendered more or less leaky at the seams.
With my improved composition this objectionable feature is entirely overcome.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The herein-described composition of matter, consisting of hydrocarbon oil,
starch, and rice, in approximately the proportions specified.
Dated this 13th day of February 1891.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Movable Rein Guard for Hansom Cabs and similar Vehicles.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Movable Rein Guard for Hansom Cabs and similar
Vehicles.
We, JAMES WILSON HUELIN, of 7, Moorgate Street, London, E.C., Insurance
Agent, and EDWIN ROWSELL, also of 7, Moorgate Street, London, E.C., in the
County of Middlesex, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to an improved movable reinguard for Hansom cabs and
similar vehicles, whereby the reins may be shifted from right to left on the roof of
the cab, so that a free entrance is left for the passenger.
We will now describe our invention with reference to the annexed illustrative
drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shews a side view of a Hansom cab with our apparatus fixed thereon, and
Fig. 2 shews a top view of same.
A is the roof of the cab, D is a lever made of any suitable metal, with a knuckle-
joint L and a handle G. A metal screw or pin S fixed to plate E, forms the pivot
or axis on which the lever moves. Said lever has at its end a butterfly or rein-
support C of the usual or any other suitable design.
The front part of the lever moves in a radius bar K, made of any suitable metal
and of the shape shewn in the accompanying drawings. The back part of the lever
moves on another smaller radius bar F, which in the centre is notched to receive
the back part of the lever and thus keep the reinguard rigid whilst driving. A
spring H is destined to keep this part in position. R are the reins and b, is a small
trap door, now usually placed in the centre part at the back of the cab roof.
Where it is desired to have the door in the latter position, we make our lever
shorter and place plate E, and bar F further to the centre of the roof, so that the
door may be left free, or we may work the lever with a crank arrangement so that
the handle would be placed either to the right or the left of the door.
In Fig. 2. we have shewn by dotted lines, the position of the reinguard when
pushed to the right or left, which is effected by slightly raising the handle G and
turning it in the desired direction, that is to say, if the reinguard is to be on the
left the handle is turned to the right and vice-versa.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
An improved movable rein-support substantially as described hereinbefore with
reference to the annexed illustrative drawings.
Dated this 5th day of March 1891.
JAMES WILSON HUELIN.
EDWIN
ROWSELL.
Process for Converting Carbonate of Lead, Obtained by Decom- position of Sulphate of Lead or other Compound of Lead with Carbonate of Sodium, into Basic Salt.
Year: 1891

page_text: te of Application, 16th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Process for Converting Carbonate of Lead, Obtained by Decom-
position of Sulphate of Lead or other Compound of Lead with
Carbonate of Sodium, into Basic Salt.
I, JOHANN NICOLAUS ZEITLER, of Cannstatt, in the Empire of Germany,
Doctor of Philosophy and Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a process for producing white-lead and has for its
particular purpose to advantageously utilize the sulphate of lead occurring as
main bye-product in the manufacture of acetate of aluminium from alum and
acetate of lead or of acetic acid from acetate of lead and sulphuric acid, in
calico printing etc.
The said process is as follows: After determining the quantity of lead contained
in the mostly plumbiferous product to be treated the quantity of carbonate of
sodium is ascertained which is required for converting the respective lead com-
pounds in most cases sulphate of lead-into neutral carbonate of lead, which is
done by heating for some time the products to be treated for white-lead-waste
products or other compounds of lead for instance chloride of lead, nitrates of lead-
with the requisite quantity of carbonate of sodium to about 60 to 110° Centigrade.
After this operation all compounds of lead have been converted into neutral
carbonate of lead. The latter is allowed to subside and subsequently the liquid
above it removed.
The carbonate of lead obtained as described corresponds neither in properties nor
in composition to white-lead (2[PbCO3]Pb(OH)2). It is consequently necessary
to convert the neutral carbonate of lead (PbCO) into basic carbonate of lead.
This purpose is accomplished by boiling the neutral carbonate of lead obtained as
described for some time with a certain quantity of soda lye (NaOH), whereby part
of the carbonic acid is separated from the neutral carbonate of lead which is con-
sequently converted into basic carbonate of lead (white-lead). The reaction takes
place after the formula:
3PbCO,+2NaOH
1
2РbСО,Ры(OH), + Na,CO,.
The white-lead is left to subside and after drawing off the sodium solution above
it which can be used for further operations, washed and dried.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Process for converting the carbonate of lead obtained by decomposition of
sulphate of lead or other lead compounds with carbonate of sodium into basic salt
(white-lead) consisting in treating the carbonate of lead with the requisite quantity
of caustic alkali lye, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 16th day of February 1891.
Improvements in Wearing Surfaces for Door-mats, Floors, Coverings for the Feet, Furniture, and other objects.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wearing Surfaces for Door-mats, Floors, Coverings
for the Feet, Furniture, and other objects.
I, HERBERT DRAKE WHITELEY, of 73 Bent Street, Cheetham, in the County
of Lancaster, Model Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in wearing surfaces, such as are employed
in the form of blocks, discs, or in other convenient forms, in frames or otherwise, as
door mats, treads for stair-cases, carriage steps, flooring and similar wearing
surfaces, also for coverings for the feet, furniture and other objects.
My invention has for its object to provide means whereby the said blocks, discs,
or other raised wearing surfaces can be more readily and securely fixed to any
desired part, than heretofore has been the case, without the assistance of screws or
the like separate fastenings.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings, in which-
Figs. 1, 3 & 5 are sections, Fig. 8 an end view and Figs. 2, 4, 6 & 7, respectively,
plans of the same, showing various forms of my improvements.
In carrying out my invention and referring to the figures generally, my improve-
ments consist in forming a perforated spiked plate a and casting it into a block,
disc, or other suitably shaped raised wearing surface b, the spikes c serving to
secure it in position, in lieu of using separate fastenings, such as screws or nails.
The blocks, discs, or other raised wearing surfaces b, I preferably form of rubber
or of lead or an alloy of lead or other metal, in any suitable shape, either
separately, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 & 4, or a number thereof suitably combined,
as shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7 & 8.
The spiked plate a, which may be cast or stamped out of suitable metal, I form
with perforations d and the underside thereof with short projections e, which serve
to keep it a little distance apart from the bottom of the mould in which the spiked
plate a is placed, so as to permit the rubber or metal of running through the
perforations d of and underneath the spiked plate a and thus cover both sides and
firmly secure it to the block, disc, or other raised wearing surface b.
In some cases I may form the perforated plate a with a screwed shank or shanks,
in lieu of the spike or spikes c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is-
-
Casting a perforated spiked plate a into wearing surfaces b, such as are used for
door-mats, floors, coverings for the feet, furniture and other objects, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.
An Improved Puzzle.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Puzzle.
I, GEORGE BARKER of 77 Colmore Row Birmingham, Warwickshire, Consulting
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention as communicated
to me from abroad by George E. Everett of Grand Island, Nebraska, United
States of America, Inventor, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention has for its object an improved puzzle which is interesting and
simple in appearance while at the same time it is difficult to solve.
The object is to disengage an endless piece of string from the puzzle and
afterwards again engage it.
In order that the invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice, I have appended hereunto a double sized sheet of drawings upon
which I have fully illustrated the nature and working of the said invention.
Figure 1., is a general view of the puzzle as held in the hand before commencing
to disengage the string Z.
Figure 2., is a side elevation showing the first move towards disengaging the
string Z.
Figure 3., is a similar side elevation showing the position of the string Z after
that move.
In carrying my invention into effect, I connect the two ends A and B together
by the centre wire D. To the end A two loop wires a¹ and a' are attached and to
the end B two loop wires and 6 the loops a3 and 62 being bent under the ends
and the loops and over the ends as shewn.
The mode of disengaging the string Z when hanging from the centre wire Das
seen in Figure 1 is as follows:-
The string Z is brought up over the end A and under the loop ₁ as shewn in
Figure 2, and drawn up until in the position shewn in Figure 3. The string is
then carried back over the end A and threaded through the loop a afterwards
being brought up over the end A. and over and under loop ', string is then
brought down over end A and over and under loop a string is then brought up over
again, and over and under loop a' afterwards being brought down over end A and
under loop, string being then brought up over end A is threaded under loop 6'
and being brought down over end A is threaded through under wire loop a² upon
which it will be found to be disengaged.
To engage the string with the wire again the whole of the above moves, require
to be reversed which will bring the string back into the position shewn by
Figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
An improved puzzle: substantially as and for the purpose and such as herein
described and shewn upon the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of Santamba 1001
Improvements in or connected with Waterproof Garments.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Waterproof Garments.
I, WALTER ALBRECHT of the firm of Walter Albrecht and Company of 30
Park Place, Leeds, in the County of York, Wholesale Clothiers and Mantle
Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement :-
My invention has reference more especially to waterproof garments or cloaks
having capes attached thereto or forming a part or portion thereof, such cloaks
and capes being preferably made of any material or fabric which may be to a
considerable extent impervious to moisture but not to air, or the said cloaks and
capes may be made of other ordinary waterproof material.
By this invention I am enabled to make a garment or cloak of waterproof
material so as to afford complete protection to the wearer against moisture, which
with the present construction of cloak or garment is liable to penetrate through
the fabric onto the back of the wearer, and thus be of little service, such protection
to the wearer being effected according to my invention without destroying the
ventilating properties of the material.
In accordance with this invention I make the cape portion of the garment or
cloak of three or more thicknesses of waterproof material, the number thereof
varying as occasion requires, such three or more thicknesses being joined together
at the edges and where joined or attached to the garment or cloak, leaving the
three or more thicknesses of material separate and independent of each other
except at the edges and where otherwise attached as aforesaid.
It will be readily understood that by the above arrangement of cape, the
garment or cloak will be rendered perfectly waterproof in consequence of the
moisture having to pass through the three or more thicknesses, instead of through
one as usual.
This arrangement does not in any way interfere with the perfect ventilation of
the garment or cloak, for, should the outer thickness be covered with moisture
ventilation will take place through the inner layers or thicknesses of material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The capes of waterproof garments or cloaks constructed with three or more
thicknesses of material, all substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Dated this 5th day of November 1891.
WALTER ALBRECHT,
Applicant.
Improvements in the Means of Displaying Trade Advertisements.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means of Displaying Trade Advertisements.
We SAMUEL HUBBARD JAMES Civil Engineer & BURTON SAMUEL JAMES
Student both of No. 3 Douglas Villas, Greyhound Lane, Streatham Common in
the County of Surrey do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The object of this invention is to draw & fix the attention of each individual in
a crowd at the very time they are all looking for & expecting surprises, so that they
not only see it themselves, but talk to one another & mention it afterwards to their
friends in conversation. We therefore make the designs of the speciality to be
advertised in set pieces of fireworks which are to be let off at fetes where vast con-
courses of people are gathered together & anxiously looking for novelties as at the
Crystal Palace, various exhibitions or public gatherings & so forth. The designs
must of course be made suitable for the class of advertisement required as also the
class of people likely to be present. In some cases the name only may require to
be shewn such as "Colmans Mustard" "Beechams Pills" Tit Bits &c. while in
other cases where adviseable we add a picture view or design illustrating the use of
the particular speciality such as "Pears Soap" with a design of say their well
known advertisement of a small child in a bath struggling to obtain a cake thereof
with the words "He won't be happy till he gets it
or other suitable words or
devices in fireworks. We do not limit ourselves to any special designs or class of
fireworks as in nearly all cases the designs would be of different combinations of
color interspread with rockets colored fires &c. the whole resourses of a pyro-
technic artist being brought more or less into use as occasion might require.
For the purpose of this Specification we define fireworks to mean any or all of
the substances or compounds thereof or means & appliances chemical mechanical or
otherwise used by firework manufacturers to produce effects desired in firework
displays in the open air.
Having now particularly described our said invention & in what manner the
same is to be performed, the especial features of novelty & what we claim are as
follows.
We claim
Improvements in Shoes for Horses and other Draught Animals.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shoes for Horses and other Draught Animals.
I GEORGE HUGHES, of 38 Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent (a communication to me from Marceline Boutoille, of 9 Ruc de
Florence, Paris, France, Lady) do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in shoes for horses and other draught
auimals, the object of same being to form such shoe in two parts, whereby the
wearing part of same can be readily replaced when worn out.
My invention will be readily understood upon reference to the accompanying
drawing, in which
Fig. 1 shows a plan of the half of the shoe which is fixed directly onto the hoof.
Fig. 2 is a like view of the underneath of the other or wearing half of the shoe.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the two parts of the shoe adjusted ready for use, and
Fig. 4 is a side view of same.
A plate A of the form shown in Fig. 1 is partly fixed to the hoof of the animal
by means of nails, over which plate fits the shoe proper B.
A fixed adjusting piece c is provided on the plate A forming thereby with the
hoof, the same curve as the clip c'.
A revolving peg d is provided for keeping the clip c¹ in position.
The cog end of the plate A is provided with a revolving bar as shown, revolving
on a pivot e.
Slots or notches are cut or otherwise formed in the said barf which bar is
manipulated by means of a key made to grasp the head of the pivot e.
j
The shoe proper B is provided with three lugs kk and 1.
The two lugs kk having pins m m on their inner surface, which pins when the
shoe proper B is placed over the plate A, project through the slots formed in
the latter, the top lng being passed through the slot i by means of the afore-
mentioned key.
The bar is turned so that the pins m m will be in the slots 9 g as shown in
Fig. 3.
The catch c is hinged to the shoe proper B so that it is brought down over the
toe of the hoof, and is fastened securely by means of the revolving peg d which
passes through the rectangular slot d', and which is given a half turn so as to bring
the broad part of the peg across the narrow part of the slot, thereby securely
locking the toc part of the shoc proper B to the plate A.
The shoe proper B can also be fastened for additional security by means of the
nails a, or grooves can be formed in the shoe for the same purpose, or I can
dispense with the fastening means as shown and adopt others as desirable or
convenient.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
In the improved form of shoe for horses and other draught animals, the plate A
in combination with the shoe proper B constructed and operating substantially as
described and shown and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of Anvil 1001
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant
Improvements in Boots, Shoes, Slippers, and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May 1892-Accepted, 17th Sept., 1892.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Boots, Shoes, Slippers, and the like.
I, CARL AUGUST RIEDIG of Konig-strasse, Chemnitz, Germany, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of this invention is based upon a thorough study of the conditions
attending the walking motions of the human body. The weight of the human body
is taken up, as experiments have proved, by the heel whether in walking or standing
posture.
To remedy or alleviate the hard stepping or painful standing the inner sole of my
improved boot, shoe or slipper is resilently connected with the outer sole. This
elastic connection of the heel and sole taken in the sense mentioned is obviously
applicable to all kinds of boots, shoes or slippers whatever be their nature.
On the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a side view of a shoe provided with my new device and Fig. 2 is a plan
of same.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of Fig. 4 on line A-B and Fig. 4 is a plan of
Fig. 3.
a is a plate made of metal or other suitable material provided with or without
holes b which plate carries a supporting plate c against which bears a leather or
india rubber disc d, the plate a being curved to correspond with the foot.
The spiral spring e bears against the india rubber or leather disc d and is fixed
to the latter by means of a bayonet joint g while it carries a base plate h. An
opening is formed in the heel i wherein are located the spring and parts connected
thereto.
For high boots this opening is replaced by a cavity formed from below in the
heel. The opening is closed by layers of leather forming a portion of the heel.
Modifications of details as well as the substitution of equivalent parts for those
above mentioned suggest themselves readily in each case to experts in the art and
need no particular mention hero.
In lieu of the spiral spring e other elastic devices may be employed.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.―
1st. The spring e or other elastic device connected with the heel of the inner sole
of boots, shoes slippers or the like for taking up the weight of the human body
substantially as set forth.
2nd. The plate a placed in the rear part of the inner sole and connected with the
plate d of rubber or other suitable material and with spring e mounted and operating
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 14th day of May 1892.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Agent for the Applicant.
A Combined Length Measure and Sample Show Plate.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1892-Accepted, 14th May, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Length Measure and Sample Show Plate.
I WILLIAM CHARLES ADAMSON of 15 Minshull Street Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to combine a yard measure or other measure of
length with a sample show plate for the use of commercial travellers, salesmen, and
others so that the same instrument will serve two purposes, namely to exhibit
samples or patterns of the goods on sale, and also to measure off specific lengths of
the same.
For example I make a flat yard or other measure of (say) about one inch in
breadth which is marked on one side with the usual divisions and figures indicating
half, quarter and eighth of a yard, or inches, or other required measurements,
according to the class of articles to which it is to be applied, and upon the reverse
side I fix by means of cement or otherwise samples or patterns of cotton woollen
or other woven fabrics either plain dyed in different colors and shades, or of figured
woven fabrics, or cotton woollen or other yarns dyed or otherwise, or samples of
wall or other paper, leather, natural or colored silvered, gilded, or otherwise
ornamented, or stamped or embossed woven or other fabric, paints, dyes, buttons,
and other small-wares, in fact all such articles as are usually exhibited for sale by
means of pattern books, show cards and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The combination of a length measure and a sample show plate for goods in one
instrument, substantially as hereinbefore more particularly described.
Dated this 19th dor of Anril 1800
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.