Improvements in Rolls for the Calendering of Paper and other Fabrics.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rolls for the Calendering of Paper and other
Fabrics.
A communication from abroad by HERBERT JOSEPH FRINK, of Holyoke, in the
County of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, one of the United States of
America, Inventor.
1 ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
London, Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the construction of a roll for calendering paper
and other fabrics, and relates particularly to that class of rolls composed of a
metallic arbor and a homogeneous outer covering or cylinder of fibrous material.
In accordance therewith the invention consists in the nse in a calender roll, of an
arbor, a series of separated rings embracing said arbor at intervals between its ends
and connected thereto to prevent rotation thereon, the parallel surfaces of said rings
having projections thereon, a homogeneous outer covering of fibrous material sur-
rounding said arbor from end to end wholly enclosing said rings and extending
inwards between them, and two heads secured upon said arbor at each end of and
to compress said outer covering, substantially as will be described.
Other features of the invention will be hereinafter described and particularly
pointed out in the claim.
Referring to the drawing, in which like letters designate like parts in the several
figures,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a calender roll embodying the invention,
the arbor being shown in elevation.
Fig. 2 is a similar view thereof taken in a plane perpendicular to that shewn in
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of a locking ring to be described.
Fig. 4 is a cross section thereof on the line -, Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a cross section taken on the line y-y, Fig. 3, and
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are plan and sectional views of a modified form of ring to be
referred to.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, I have herein shewn the roll as composed of a metallic
arbor a surrounded by a homogeneous outer covering or cylinder of compressed
cotton or other suitable fibrous material, metallic heads C, C, being secured to the
arbor at each end of the outer covering.
In the manufacture of such rolls the fibrous outer covering is subjected to great
pressure, in a direction parallel with the axis of the arbor, and in order to secure
the heads Cupon the arbor in such manner as to withstand the expansive action of
said covering, I have herein shewn at each end of the arbor, beyond the outer
covering, a frusto-conical hul, a upon which are placed similarly shaped rings C¹ to
enter the conical bore of the heads C, as clearly shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, the outer
ends of said rings C' being engaged by collars C2 shrunk upon the arbor and thereby
securely held in place.
So far as this invention is concerned, however, any other usual means employed
for holding the device upon the arbor can be utilized.
The end pressure exerted by the heads upon the outer covering is not sufficient
to prevent it from turning bodily upon the. arbor or having a twisting movement
thereon unless other means are provided, particularly in the case of the rolls in

page_text: calendering machines where they are subjected to great strain in performing their
function, the covering tending to turn or twist upon the arbor, and when this occurs
the roll is rendered useless.
I have herein shewn convenient means for so locking the said covering to the
arbor that turning or twisting thereof on the arbor is rendered absolutely
impossible.
In order to accomplish this result there is placed a series of separated rings or
lises d upon the arbor at intervals between the heads C, and the said rings are
securely locked both to the arbor and to the covering, which latter wholly
encloses said rings and extends inwards between them, as clearly shown in Figs. 1
and 2.
Referring to Figs. 3, 4 and 5, the ring d is shewn as composed of a flat piece of
metal stamped or otherwise formed into annular shape, the central opening therein
being of such a diameter as to cause it to closely fit upon the arbor a.
The periphery of the ring is preferably bevelled to an edge, as shewn in Figs. 1
to 4 and 6, and one or both of its parallel surfaces are pricked or burred to form
irregular projections thereon which engage the fibrous material of the outer
covering when the latter is compressed upon the ring, thus locking the outer
covering and the rings securely together.
To prevent rotation of the ring upon the arbor 2, inwardly projecting lugs bare
secured to or form a part of the ring at opposite sides of the central opening,
and said lugs are adapted to be received within longitudinal grooves a² in the
arbor.
In the modification shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, the locking ring has a serrated
periphery to cause it to take a firin hold of the fibrous outer covering, and it is
provided with notches or recesses to receive a spline formed upon or secured to
the arbor to lock it thereon.
In practice it is preferred to utilize a series of locking rings located at intervals
of several inches upon the arbor, as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 the outer diameter of
said rings being substantially two thirds that of the outer covering as shewn.
The rings are applied successively to the arbor between layers or "cheeses" of
the fibrous material as the latter is built up upon the arbor, and the pressure exerted
upon the said material causes the outer portion thereof beyond the periphery of
the ring to completely enclose the latter in such manner as to present an unbroken
surface at the periphery of the completed roll.
To compensate for the space occupied by the rings and to cause the restraining
pressure exerted by the heads C, C, to be evenly distributed throughout the entire
cross-sectional area of the outer covering b, said heads are provided with a
depression Cupon their inner sides, as clearly shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, the
diameter of said depression corresponding substantially with that displaced by
the rings.
By constructing the roll as hereinbefore described its even balance upon its
axis is preserved and an extended area of the fibrous material is engaged by the
locking rings.
A roll constructed in accordance with the invention as herein described is not
materially increased in cost, and it is impossible to turn or twist the outer
covering thereof upon the arbor under any circumstances, so that the capability
and durability of the roll is materially increased.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The use in a calender roll, of an arbor, a series of separated rings embracing
said arbor at intervals between its ends and connected thereto to prevent
rotation thereon, the parallel surfaces having projections thereon, a homogeneous
outer covering of fibrous material surrounding said arbor from end to end wholly
enclosing said rings and extending inwards between them, and two heads secured

page_text: upou said arbor at each end of and to compress said outer covering, substantially as
described.
2. The use in a calender roll, of an arbor, a series of separated rings embracing
said arbor at intervals between its ends and having a spline and groove
connection therewith, the parallel surfaces of said rings having irregular pro-
jections thereon, a homogeneous outer covering of fibrous material surrounding
said arbor from end to end wholly enclosing said rings and extending inwards
between them, and two heads secured upon said arbor at each end of and to
compress said outer covering, said heads each having in their inuer side a
depression corresponding in diameter substantially with that of said rings,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
Dated the 27th day of December 1893.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.