AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR THE LUBRICATION OF WOOL AND OTHER 15 PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATIONMALERIAL
Year: 1870

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LETTERS PATENT to John James Lundy, of Leith, near Edinburgh,
in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Color, Paint,
Varnish, Grease, and Chemical Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR THE LUBRICATION OF WOOL AND OTHER
15
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Lundy at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th June 1870.
.
I, JOHN JAMES LUNDY, of Leith, near Edinburgh, in the County of
Mid Lothian, North Britain, Color, Paint, Varnish, Grease, and
Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR THE LUBRICATION OF WOOL AND
OTHER SIMILAR ANIMAL MATERIAL IN THEIR PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the lubrication of wool and
other similar animal material during the processes of manufacture, and

page_text: consists in the manufacture and use of a mixture or emulsion made by
first adding a solution of a caustic alkali in water to gallipoli or other
olive oil, recovered wool oil, or other suitable oil, and thereafter adding
more water, as herein-after described.
I prefer to use caustic soda dissolved in water to sixty-nine degrees of
Twaddell's hydrometer, or a specific gravity of 1-345, which I first add
to the oil I may operate upon, stirring the same therein so as to
incorporate it therewith; after which I add water to them by degrees,
continuing to stir them well during the operation.
With olive oil I find a good result is obtained by adding to one gallon
of oil one pint of caustic soda at sixty-nine degrees Twaddell, and there-
after by degrees, as before described, ten gallons of cold water; but I
do not confine myself to these proportions as they may require to be
varied according to the requirements of the manufacturer, the kind or
quality of the wool or material to be used by him, and the kind or quality
of the oil to be operated upon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John James Lundy in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JoпN
JAMES LUNDY, of Leith, near Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Color, Paint, Varnish, Grease, and Chemical Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John James Lundy, Her special license that I,
the said John James Lundy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said John James Lundy, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ircland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an

page_text: Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR THE LUBRICATION OF WOOL AND
OTHER SIMILAR ANIMAL MATERIAL IN THEIR PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURE," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John James Lundy,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John James Lundy, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object the production of an improved
compound suitable for employment in the carding and spinning of wool
or other animal fibres, and this compound is obtained by acting upon.
oil or oils, such for example as gallipoli or olive oil, recovered wool oil,
or other suitable oil or oils with a solution of a hydrated oxide of sodium
NaO or NaHO, commonly known as caustic soda, the said compound
so obtained being highly valuable as a lubricant for wool or other animal
fibres.
In carrying out my Invention I firstly add to the oil to be operated
upon a solution of caustic soda marking by preference about sixty-nine
degrees of Twaddell, or having a specific gravity of about 1-345. I then
gradually add to the mixture such an amount of water as will cause a
partial saponification, and the mixture or emulsion to remain in a fluid
or semi-fluid condition, the proportion of water varying according to the
purpose to which the product is to be applied.
The proportions in which olive oil or other of the before-mentioned
oils are to be employed in conjunction with caustic soda will be
dependent upon the degree or amount of saponification it is desired to
obtain. I have in practice obtained good results by the employment
of about one gallon of oil to about one pint of a solution of caustic soda
of the density before-mentioned and ten gallons of water; but I do not
limit myself to these proportions as others may be employed according
to the fibre to be operated on. The wool or other animal fibre before
being submitted to the willeying machine or being carded and spun
may be sprinkled with this preparation in a manner similar to that now

page_text: adopted when oil or oil and water or other lubricants are employed, as is
well understood.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The manufacture or production of an improved compound
intended to be employed for the lubrication of wool and other fibrous
animal material in the process of their manufacture by combining or
mixing gallipoli, olive, or other oil or oils herein referred to with a
solution of a caustic alkali in water, substantially in the manner herein-
before described.
Second. The application and use of the peculiar lubricating compound
herein-before described to the lubrication of wool and other fibrous
animal materials during the process of their manufacture.
In witness whereof, I, the said John James Lundy, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, the Fourteenth day of
December One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
JOHN JAMES LUNDY. (L.S.)