IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF-CUTTING MACHINES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PULPING AND SLIcing Turnips and OTHER VEGETABLES."
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Edwards, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Agricultural Implement Maker, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF-CUTTING MACHINES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PULPING AND SLIcing Turnips and OTHER
VEGETABLES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Edwards at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1874.
I, SAMUEL EDWARDS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Agri-
cultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF-CUTTING MACHINES, AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PULPING AND SLICING TURNIPS AND
OTHER VEGETABLES," to be as follows:-
.
My improvements in chaff-cutting machines consist in driving both
tan and hattam food Hollows
double
bool

page_text: furnished with internal and external teeth; the internal teeth gear into
a pinion on the axle of one roller; and the external teeth gear into a
pinion on the axle of the other roller. By this means the rollers are
turned round in the proper directions for delivering the fodder to the
cutting blades.
My improvements consist also in applying a pair of rolls for crushing
oats or other substance, or an apparatus for cutting turnips or other
vegetables to the table of the chaff cutter. By thus combining a pair
of crushing rolls or a turnip cutter with a chaff cutter the same stand
will answer for all, thus economising space and cost. The gearing of 1
each of the said machines is independent of the other and can be detached
or combined at pleasure.
Another part of my Invention consists in an improved cutter (which
is combined with the chaff cutter) for pulping and slicing turnips and
other vegetables. This cutter is made of sheet stcel with indented 1
serrated V shaped teeth on one edge and a plain cutting edge on the
other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Edwards in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 20th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
EDWARDS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Agricultural Imple-
ment Maker, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Samuel Edwards, Her special licence
that I, the said Samuel Edwards, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Edwards, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcisc, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
the

page_text: •
CHAFF-CUTTING MACHINES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH, APPLICABLE
ALSO FOR PULPING AND SLICING TURNIPS AND OTHER VEGETABLES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel' Edwards, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Edwards, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :—
My improvements in chaff-cutting machines consists in driving both
the top and bottom feed rollers by a double spur wheel, which is
furnished with internal and external teeth; the internal teeth gear into
a pinion on the axle of one roller, and the external teeth gear into a
pinion on the axle of the other roller. By this means the rollers are
turned round in the proper directions for delivering the fodder to the
cutting blades.
My improvements consist also in applying a pair of rolls for crushing
oats or other substance, or an apparatus for cutting turnips or other
vegetables to the table of the chaff cutter. By thus combining a pair
of crushing rolls or a turnip cutter with a chaff cutter the same stand
will answer for all, thus economising space and cost. The gearing of
cach of the said machines is independent of the other.
Another part of my Invention consists in an improved cutter for
pulping and slicing turnips and other vegetables. This cutter is made
of sheet steel with indented serrated V shaped teeth on one edge and a
plain cutting edge on the other.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
Fig.
1 is a front view, Fig. 2 an edge view, and Fig. 3 a plan of a
chaff-cutting machine constructed according to my Invention.
a is the bottom feed roller; b, the top feed roller; c, the fly. wheel
with cutting blades fixed on the driving shaft, d, which revolves in
'
'
'
.

page_text: bearings in the table e supported on the standards f. All those parts
are made as usual.
My improvement consists in driving both the top and bottom feed
-rollers a and b by means of the double wheel g, which is provided with
external teeth gearing into the pinion a¹ fixed on the axle of the bottom
roller, and internal teeth gearing into the pinion 6' on the axle of the
top roller b. The external teeth of the double wheel are driven
by the pinion g', which is actuated from the shaft d by the train of
wheels and pinions shewn in the Drawing or in any other convenient
manner.
Another part of my Invention consists in applying a pair of crushing
rolls to the table of a chaff cutter, as shewn in Figs. 1 and 3. The rolls
marked j and k are of different diameters, but they are geared together
by pinions of the same size so as to produce a rubbing action on their
circumferences as usual, and they are driven by the handle and fly
wheel. The rolls revolve in a frame m, and the whole apparatus is
connected to the table of the chaff cutter by thumb screws or other
equivalents, and can be instantly removed when required. The gearing
of the chaff cutter and of the crushing rolls being independent of each
other enables the one to be driven without the other.
In some cases the crushing rolls may be removed and an apparatus
for cutting turnips or other vegetables put in its place. By thus com-
bining the chaff cutter with a pair of crushing rolls or a vegetable cutter
the same stand will answer for both, thus economising space and
cost.
Fig. 4 is a section of my improved cutter; Fig. 5 a plan, and Fig. 6
an end view of the same. Three or other convenient number of these
cutters are fixed on the circumference of a drum. One edge of each
cutter is made with indented serrated V shaped teeth, and when the
drum is turned round in the direction of the full arrow these teeth cut
the turnips or other vegetables into shreds or pulp, but the other edge
of the cutter is plain, and when the drum is turned round in the
direction of the dotted arrow the turnips or other vegetables are sliced.
In both cases the sliced or pulped vegetables drop into the interior of
the drum and escape at the ends as in ordinary turnip cutters. Similar
indented serrated cutters may be fixed on a disc,

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim,—
First. Driving the bottom and top rollers of chaff cutters by means of
a compound wheel with internal and external teeth, as shewn and
described.
Secondly. The combination of a chaff cutter and a pair of crushing
rolls, or a turnip or other vegetable cutter, each capable of acting inde-
pendently of the other, as shewn and described.
And, Lastly. The improved cutter, as shewn in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, and
described, one edge. of which is used for pulping and the other for
slicing turnips and other vegetables.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Edwards, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-fivo.