Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Cycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 25th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 25th Jan., 1306
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Cycles and other Vehicles.
JAMES WILLIAM BOYCE of Ebenezer Villa, Whitecross Square, Cheltenham
in the County of Gloucester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, the construction of a tyre, which shall be
readily and easily manipulated, and which shall not be entirely dependent upon the
accompaniment of an inner tube, and the invention consists of a composite rim,
constructed in either two or three segments, or longitudinal sections, and which
may be of sundry design as partly represented by the accompanying drawings.
When three sections are used the tyre d Figs. 1. 3. and the outer cover q
Figs. 2. 4 or the tyre j Fig. 5 may be placed in position upon the central
section a Figs. 1. 2. 5 of the rim, and the near side section b Figs. 1. 2. 5 and the
off side section c Figs. 1. 2. 5 of the said rim may then be adjusted, and secured
by means of two or more vertically or horizontally driven screws e and f
Figs. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 bolts and cotter pins, or by means of clips or clamps, or any
similar means.
When two sections are used, the tyre may be placed in position upon the larger
section m Figs. 3. 4 of the rim, and the smaller section c Figs. 3. 4. of the said rim
may then be adjusted and secured in manner hereinbefore mentioned. The tyre d
Figs. 1. 3 is shewn as a permanently closed hollow tube with neck v Figs. 1. 3.
or elongation having at its upper extremity a head w Figs. 1.3 and may be
manufactured plain, or with corrugations internally or externally, or internally and
externally, and carry valve attachment. The neck of the tyre may be pierced, or
eyeleted for the purpose of admitting the female screw e Fig. 5 with rubber
washer & Fig: 5 and the head, neck or body of the tyre may be strengthened by
the addition of canvas, or similar material, or a flat steel band may be adjusted to,
or be enclosed by the neck of the tyre.
Or the tyre may consist of an inner tube i Figs. 2. 4 with valve attachment, and
an outer cover g Figs. 2. 4 plain or corrugated, and with canvas lining h Figs. 2. 4
and with composite neck and head, or bead of suitable shape, or with flat steel
band adjustment hereinbefore mentioned.
Or the tyre may consist of a temporarily closed tube ; Fig. 5 of suitable
design, and strengthened by the addition of canvas Fig. 5 and with valve
attachment.
The inflation and deflation of the tyres, in so far as the valve apparatus is
concerned may be effected somewhat after the following manner.
9
The body g Fig. 6 of the valve may have at one extremity a bead or flange, in
order to serve as a stop inside the tyre, and to afford a bearing for the rubber, or
other cushion or washer p which may be so constructed as to admit a metal or
other washers to serve as a collar, by reason of the last named dropping into a
recess in the cushion, and thereby enclosing a portion of it as between said collar
and the plug, or plunger o the last named having at its extremity, a thread upon
which a milled cap n may be placed, and brought to bear upon the aforesaid collar,
for the purpose of effecting an air tight joint, as between valve and tyre. A milled
or wing nut t may be screwed upon the body of the valve, and be accompanied, if
desired by a suitably shaped plate 1. The plug or plunger o may carry a thread

page_text: upon a portion of its surface, which would fit a corresponding thread within the
body of the valve. The extremity of the plug or plunger o may carry a thread
for the purpose of receiving the dust cap u and the said plug or plunger may have
a suitable orifice drilled throughout a portion of its entire length, or stem, for
the purpose of admitting the air from the inflator.
When inflating or deflating the tyre, the dust cap should be removed from
the plug or plunger, and the latter should be sufficiently cased upon the thread
within the body of the valve.
Immediately the tyre is inflated the plug or plunger should be tightened
upon the aforesaid thread.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of January 1895.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for Cycles and other Vehicles.
JAMES WILLIAM BOYCE of Ebenezer Villa, Whitecross Square Cheltenham
in the County of Gloucester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to construct a tyre embodying specific
characteristics of conformation and which whilst being independent of inflation
in so far as the security of attachment of the cover or tubes to the composite
rim or felloe is concerned, may be readily easily and effectually manipulated as
regards the inflation, deflation and repair of the aforesaid cover or tubes, and
also as regards their attachment to, or detachment from the aforsesaid composite
rim or felloe by reason of the aforesaid conformation of A the cover when
accompanied by an inner tube, B the permanently closed single tube C the
temporarily closed tube or hollow cylinder, and also by reason of the composite
form of the metallic or wooden portion of the wheel designated the rim, or
felloe; and also by reason of the inclusion by the indiarubber or canvas, when
desired, of an endless band or bands of steel or other inextensible material.
In connection with the ordinary cover; and its accompanying air tube the
feature known as that of creeping, presumably caused by the rotation of the wheel,
and seeing that the separate tube, or air chamber, is secured at one point by the
valve although the cover, or jacket is not positively secured in all cases, as against
.circumferential movement in its bed upon the rim or felloe of the wheel, induces
strain, and bagging and rupture of the inner tube, hence the desirability of
endeavouring either to conveniently secure the cover or jacket more firmly in its
position on the rim, or of dispensing with the inner tube, or air chamber in its
present form and capacity, and substituting as a combined cover, and air receptacle,
a temporary single tube or hollow cylinder which may be equally as, or more
readily manipulated than the present permanently closed single tube, as regards
attachment to or detachment from the rim, but which may be much more easily,
quickly, and effectually repaired, than the said permanently closed single tube.
For the purpose of facilitating the reading of the underwritten description of the
invention, the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification are hereby cancelled,
and reference is made to the accompanying drawings and to the figures and letters
marked thereon:-
Fig. 1 represents a cross section of a cover, envelope or jacket and an inner
tube or air chamber as secured in position upon the composite rim.
Fig. 2 represents a cross section of a permanently closed single tube, as secured
iu position aforesaid.

page_text: Fig. 3 represents a cross section of a temporarily closed single tube, or hollow
ylinder; which is independent of an inner tube; as secured in position aforesaid.
Fig. 4 represents the principle of tube shewn Fig. 2, shewing it as partly attached
o, or detached from the composite rim.
Fig. 5 represents a slightly modified form of permanently closed single tube, as
artly attached to or detached from the composite rim.
Fig. 6 represents the permanently closed single tube, illustrated by the last
receding figure as secured in position upon the composite rim.
Fig. 7 represents a modified form of permanently closed single tube, as secured
n position aforesaid.
Fig. 8 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube, as secured
n position aforesaid.
Fig. 9 represents a modified form of permanently closed single tube, as secured.
in position aforesaid.
Fig. 10 represents a modified form of cover and an inner tube as secured in
position aforesaid.
Fig. 11 represents a modified form of permanently closed single tube as secured
in position aforesaid.
Fig. 12.represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube, as partly
adjusted to its position upon the composite rim.
Fig. 13 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube as partly
attached to or detached from the composite rim.
Fig. 14 represents the tube illustrated by the last preceding fig.; as secured in
position upon the composite rim.
Fig. 15 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube as partly
attached to or detached from the composite rim; the auxiliary section of the said
rim being detached from the near side.
Fig. 16 represents a modified form of temporarily closed tube as secured in
position upon the composite rim.
Fig. 17 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube, as secured
in position aforesaid.
Fig. 18 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube, as secured
in position aforesaid.
Fig. 19 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube, as secured
in position aforesaid.
Fig. 20 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube as secured
in position aforesaid.
Fig. 21 represents a modified form of temporarily closed single tube as secured
in position aforesaid.
Fig. 22 represents plan of valve plate, shewn Fig. 23 and Fig. 24, as modified.
Fig. 23 represents à sectional elevation of the valve.
Fig. 24 represents an elevation of the valve.
Fig. 25 represents auxiliary rim sectiou; as shewn attached Fig. 8; turned on
its edge.
Fig. 26 represents sectional elevation of cylinder, plug or plunger, and spiral
spring.
Fig. 27 represents interior view of primary rim section, as shewn attached
Fig. 17.
In order to effect the arrangement referred to in the foregoing, a cover, envelope
or jacket a Fig. 1 and Fig. 10 composed of indiarubber or caoutchouc moulded to
sundry designs and lined partially or throughout with canvas d or similar material,
the said canvas being vulcanized, or solutioned to the rubber; and thickened by
means of an extra strip or strips, or by any ordinary means, and coated with
asbestos paint, if desired, at any point of contact with the rim; or prior to the
insertion of the endless steel, or other inextensible band, or bands, j₁ Fig. 10;
whether said bands are in absolute contact with the canvas, or otherwise, or the
head u neck v Fig. 1; or bead w Fig. 10, of the cover, may be composed of hard
:

page_text: india rubber or gutta pércha suitably lined. The endless steel or other band or
bands herein before referred to may be either in direct contact with and enclosed
by the canvas or other lining, or may be enclosed by the neck of the cover, the
insertion thereof being effected during the process of moulding the said cover.
The ridges Fig. 1 one being on each side of the tread of the cover may be.
moulded with dull or keen edges as desired. The inner tube or separate air
chamber e Fig. 1 which is practically protected against the intrusion of water, or
being chafed or nipped, or scoured, carries the valve, which would be passed
through one of the shoulders of the cover, and be secured to the primary section
of the rim, on the side opposite to that which carries the auxiliary section.
The primary section 9 of the composite rim may be rolled, or manufactured by
any process in vogue; the pins i-being permanently secured to the said section by
means of rivetting, or by any equivalent or ordinary process.
The auxiliary
section of the aforesaid rim may be treated in like manner to the primary section
with the exception that in place of carrying pins it is slotted at suitable points on
its circumference, or periphery, the position of the slots, which are straight in
regard to Fig. 1, or of shape in regard to Fig. 10, being determined by the
position of the pins carried by the primary section. The manipulation of the
aforesaid cover, and inner tube for the purpose of their being placed in position
upon the composite rim hereinbefore referred to would be somewhat as
follows:-
•
The half head or bead, as the case may be, having been placed upon the
primary section of the rim, the inner tube would be next placed in position, and
after this the other half of the head, or the bead. The auxiliary section of the
composite rim would then be adjusted by placing the slots opposite to the pins on
the primary section and slightly pressing the auxiliary section up to the shoulder, and
turning said section upon its axis, or in other words by moving it upon the primary
section, in the opposite direction to the forward revolution of the wheel, by holding
the primary section with one hand whilst pulling the auxiliary section with the
other hand up to the termination of the L slots, which are so arranged that their
deflected terminals have a tendency to press against the aforesaid pins during the
forward revolution of the wheel. The auxiliary section may be arranged to
operate upon the near or the off-side of the primary section as may be preferred.
The auxiliary section is completely secured as against receding, shifting or creeping
independently of the tendency aforesaid by means of a screw or screws driven into
the sections at any point midway between the slots, and the said sections may be
tapped, and bossed, if desired for this purpose. The inner tube or air chamber may
then be inflated in the ordinary way. It may be pointed out that the cover does
not depend upon the inflation of the inner tube as an essential means of security in
reference to the attachment of the said cover to the rim.
The permanently closed single tube Fig. 2 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 9
Fig. 11 may be moulded in reference to its interior, either plain, or with
corrugations, or ridges, and the exterior ridges f Fig. 7 may be similar to those
herein before referred to Fig. 1. The tube may be lined interiorly with canvas d
or similar material, the said canvas being vulcanized, or solutioned to the rubber,
and strengthened by any ordinary means, and coated, or partly coated with
asbestos paint, if desired, prior to the closing of the tube. The exterior may be
strengthened, by the addition of canvas, or similar material, where it will come into
contact with the rim, and the canvas may enclose the endless steel or other band
or bands, if desired or the said band or bands may be enveloped by the rubber
bead w during the process of moulding the tube; the rubber being duly strengthened
at any point of contact by means of canvas, or similar material. The primary
section 9 of the composite rim may be rolled or manufactured by any process in
vogue, the pins i Fig. 2 Fig. 4 Fig. 9 Fig. 11 being permanently secured to the
said section by means of rivetting, or by any equivalent means. The auxiliary
section h.of the aforesaid composite rim may be treated in manner somewhat like
the primary section with the exception that in place of carrying pins it is slotted at

page_text: suitable points on its circumference, the position of the slots n Fig. 4 which are
of shape being determined by the position of the pins i Fig. 2 Fig. 4 Fig. 9
Fig. 11, carried by the primary section.
"
The slots or cavitics n Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 may be of any desired shape, such as
will most readily co-operate with the form of tonguet or boss or other protuberance
upon the spring o. The spring o Fig. and Fig. may be secured to the primary
section by means of rivets & or by any equivalent process; the outer extremity or
thereabouts of the said spring being suitably bossed, or provided with a tongue t or
other protuberance, the said tongue or boss being automatically forced into, and
kept in position by the aforesaid spring until desirable to relieve saine.
The manipulation of the tube for the purpose of its being placed in position upon
the composite rim would be somewhat as follows: --Taking Fig. 4 as one example,
the tube having been passed on to the primary section 9 the auxiliary section h
of the rim is then placed in position and duly secured in the manner hereinbefore
referred to in Fig. 1 and Fig. 10 and the tube may then be inflated. Taking
Fig. 5 as another example the tube b having been pressed on to its bed on the
primary section
the auxiliary section of the rim would be placed with its slots
or cavities n opposite the spring o; the said auxiliary section would then be pressed
against the primary section, until the said slots or cavities were engaged by the
tongues t on the aforesaid springs being automatically forced into the said cavities
by the action of the said springs. The tube, which may carry its valve in any
convenient position, may then be inflated. The tube is independent of inflation as
an essential means of security in reference to its attachment to the composite rim.
In so far as regards this point therefore it is similar to the cover a Fig. 1 and
Fig. 10.
The temporary single tube, or hollow cylinder c Fig. 3 Fig. 8 Fig. 12 Fig. 13
Fig. 14 Fig. 15 Fig. 16' Fig. 17 Fig. 18. Fig. 19 Fig. 20 Fig. 21 may be moulded
as regards its exterior plain, or with ridges f Fig. 17 and Fig. 19 one being on
each side of the tread of the tube, and as regards its interior it may be plain or be
furnished with a ridge or ridges.
The composite head u neck v or lips m may be corrugated or serrated Fig. 3
Fig. 13 Fig. 14, and the tube may be provided with a lip or lips m Fig. 3 Fig. 13
Fig. 14 Fig. 21, or the beads w Fig. 8 Fig. 12 Fig. 15 Fig. 16 may be provided with
flanges or lips m and the said beads may envelope an endless steel or other inextensible
band or bands j¹.
The tube may be lined interiorly with canvas or similar material, and also
exteriorly at, and in the locality of the composite head neck or shoulders. Fig.3
Fig. 13 Fig. 14 Fig. 21, or the bead Fig. 8 Fig. 12 Fig. 15 Fig. 16 Fig. 17
Fig. 18 Fig. 19 Fig. 20 and the canvas may if desired directly envelope the endless
steel or other band or bands, or the interior of the tube may be lined with an elastic
or semi elastic material so vulcanized or solutioned to its bed that the elasticity of
the lining may be disposed longitudinally, and not laterally thereby enabling the
tube to be as resilient as possible whilst aiding the establishment of its lateral
rigidity.
The lips or flanges may be solutioned or vulcanized on to the beads, or the said
lips or flanges may be included during the process of moulding the tube, and
thereby form an integral portion of the said tube. In either or any event they
may, if desired be made to cup or incline of their own accord to that portion
of the tube upon which their outer edges will lie, and with which portion the said
0 outer edges come into contact. The lips or flanges being suitably inclined during
the process of moulding, their outer edges may be of restricted circumference as
related to their base, and the said outer edges may be suitably swelled or furnished
with a small bead. The said lips or flanges may, if desired be composed of a
strip or strips of canvas, or an endless band of suitable material coated with
5 indiarubber.
The lips or flanges Fig, 13, 14, 15, 16, are shewn as forming an integral portion
of the tube, and as having been tapered to a fine edge.

page_text: They may during the moulding process be inclined away from the perpendicular
line as shewn Fig. 13 for the purpose of exercising a sort of yielding pressure upon
each other whilst coming into, and during contact, in order to prevent the escape
of air whilst the tube is being inflated, and when it is inflated.
The tube c Fig. 18 is shewn as carrying a band of indiarubber through which
the stem of the valve may be passed if desired. If the valve be connected to the
band, the said band must be suitably canvassed at the particular point, or the band
may have one of its edges solutioned to the tube, and thereby form a lip as herein-
before referred to, and its outer or free edge may be of restricted circumference as
hereinbefore referred to, or the said rubber band may encase a steel ribbon if
-desired or the edges of the tube c Fig. 17 may be swelled or beaded and the
portable endless cylinder y, may rest between the said beads, and the said portable
cylinder of rubber may be solid or hollow, and may be permanently solutioned
and canvassed to either one of the beads, if desired. The section 9 section h
section and section. z of the composite rim may be rolled or manufactured by any
process, and studs or bosses k' Fig. 3 may be permanently. secured to the auxiliary
section by means of brazing, or any equivalent process, and be suitably tapped to
receive the portable screws which are passed through the primary section g.
The said section may if desired be furnished with shape slots or their equivalents
as shewn in regard to Fig. 4 and Fig. 13. The primary section g Fig. 8 may be
slotted shape along its lower edge and similarly to the near side of the primary
section Fig. 15, the auxiliary section h Fig. 8 may also be furnished with slots n as
shewn Fig. 25 which represents the auxiliary section as lying upon its outer edge
for the purpose of shewing the slots. In Fig. 8 the auxiliary section is represented
as adjusted to its position on the primary section.
2
The primary section Fig. 12 is furnished with a small cylinder, and a plunger or
plug, a section of which is shewn Fig. 26. The push spiral spring r rests upon the
shoulder of the plunger q and operates within the cylinder p, thereby forcing the
lower extremity of the plunger through cavities in the auxiliary section and
securing the latter to the primary section.
Fig. 13
The base of the cylinder may be secured to the primary section g by brazing or
otherwise. The auxiliary section is provided with slots or cavities through which
the plunger passes as herein before referred to. The primary section
is furnished with slots n and the auxiliary section is furnished with pins i Fig. 13
..and Fig. 14.
The primary section g Fig. 15 may be furnished with shape slots n, and the
- auxiliary section h may likewise be provided with slots n thereby enabling the two
sections to co-operate.
The primary section g Fig. 16 and the auxiliary section h, are furnished with the
I like slots to those referred to Fig. 15, the sections co-operating in like manner.
The primary section g Fig. 17 is slotted as shewn Fig. 27 the slots n being the
like of those in the auxiliary section Fig. 15, whilst the auxiliary section Fig. 17
is provided with L shape slots equivalent to those shewn in the primary section g
Fig. 15.
The composite rim Fig. 18 may be rolled in three sections, if desired, the
⚫ section g and the section having holes punched or drilled in them at suitable
points for the purpose of receiving the pins i, which may be secured by means of
rivetting or otherwise, and thereby serve to connect the two said sections and to
engage the slots in the section h the said slots being situated at suitable points, in
order to co-operate with the pins herein before referred to. The primary section g
Fig. 19 may be slotted in like manner to that shewn Fig. 15, and the auxiliary
section, in place of being slotted may be provided with pins which may be secured
to the said auxiliary section by rivetting or otherwise.
. The section g Fig. 20 may be provided with pins in like manner to that shewn
..in regard to Fig. 9, and the section / may be provided with slots, the like of those
-referred to in regard to the auxiliary section h Fig. 10.
The T section Fig. 20 is portable.

page_text: The section Fig. 21 may he furnished with ridges or corrugations ; as shewn,
these being equivalent to the slots n Fig. 13. The section may also be furnished
with ridges, or corrugations as the case may be, in order to co-operate with those
of the section g the section is portable, being held in position ou section g by
means of section h.
The manipulation of the tubes for the purpose of their adjustment to the rims
may be briefly stated as follows:-The near side of the composite head Fig. 3 is.
pressed onto the section g of the rim, and the valve, if carried on the near side
shoulder of the tube, is secured to the aforesaid section of the rim.
is
The offside of the composite head u of the tube is next placed in position in
immediate contact with the near side half. The auxiliary section h of the rim is
next placed in position and secured by means of the screws . The near side bead of
the tube Fig. 8 having been pressed on to section g and the valve adjusted, the
offside bead is then placed in contact with the lips m and the off side section h of
the rim is then placed in position, and turned upon its axis, and secured, as.
hereinbefore referred to in regard to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. The tube Fig. 12 is.
adjusted to the primary section of the rim in a like manner to that shewn Fig. 8.
The auxiliary section Fig. 12 is then pressed on to the primary section, when the
cavities in the auxiliary section will be duly engaged by the plunger g the said
plunger being operated by the spiral spring r located within the cylinder, p. The
offside of the composite head Fig. 13 having been rolled over into position in the
channel of the primary section g of the rim, and the valve, which may be carried
upon the offside shoulder, adjusted to the aforesaid primary section, the near side
half of the composite head u is next placed in its proper position in the aforesaid
channel or groove of the primary section of the rim, and the auxiliary section
then turned, or revolved upon its axis, that is to say, in the direction of the-
circumference of the wheel, thereby carrying the pins i to the opposite ends of
the slots n and securing the tube c in its position in the channel aforesaid..
The auxiliary section of the rim is then secured as against circumferential creep
by means of the insertion of a screw or screws, or their equivalents being passed
into a suitably tapped cavity in the sections at any convenient point or points..
This tube is shewn as adjusted to its position Fig. 14. The tube c Fig. 15 may be
adjusted and secured in like manner to that hereinbefore referred in regard to
Fig. 8. The tube c Fig. 16 may be adjusted and secured in like manner to that.
hereinbefore referred to in regard to Fig. 15. This tube c Fig. 16 however may,
or may not have its accompanying valve in actual contact with the rubber and in
so far as regards this fact, is dissimilar to any of the tubes herein before detailed..
The primary section g of the rim may carry the valve, the said valve being secured
in position on the said section without any portion of the tube c intervening as
between the valve and the aforesaid sectiou, or as an alternative, the valve may be.
attached to the tube in the locality of its offside bead w and be secured to the
corresponding side of section g of the rim. In this case a strip of rubber may if
desired be solutioned onto each side of the channel of section a, the upper edges of
the strips being left free in order to overlap or to be overlapped by the lips m.
The offside bead of the tube c Fig. 17 having been pressed on to the primary
section of the rim the endless cylinder y may then be placed on the said section:
and the near side bead to may then be adjusted, and the auxiliary section of the
rim may then be adjusted and secured in like manner to that herein before referred
to in regard to Fig. 15. The near side bead w of the tube Fig. 18 having been
placed in position on sections g and a the portable band y is next placed in position
and the offside bead of the tube c is then placed in position, and the section h of the
rim is next adjusted, and secured in like manner to that hereinbefore referred to in
regard to Fig. 17. The offside bead w of the tube c Fig. 19 having been placed in
position on the primary section g of the rim, and the bead of the indiarubber lining m¹.
lapped over the said bead to the near side bead of the tube c is then placed in
position between the near side bead of the lining m' and the primary section g of
the rim. The auxiliary section h of the rim is next placed in position on the

page_text: 3
primary section g and adjusted, and secured in like manner to that herein before
referred to in regard to Fig. 18. The valve is carried by the rim, the head of the
valve coming into contact with the rubber lining m in lieu of being secured in
actual contact with the tube c. The offside bead w of the tube c Fig. 20 having
been placed on section g of the rim, the portable section is next placed in position,
by being pressed on to section g in the manner aforesaid, the near side bead w is
then placed in position in like mauner and the section of the rim is adjusted and
secured as herein before referred to in regard to Fig. 18. The offside bead Fig. 21
is placed in the offside channel of the section z and then placed in position on
section ġ from the near side, and the near side bead w of the tube is then placed in
the near side channel of the section 2, and the auxiliary section is then placed in
position and secured in like manner to that herein before referred to in regard to
Fig. 13.
The winged screw will serve as an illustration of the method of securing the
sections by means of a screw or screws herein before referred to in regard to the
other figures, and the bossed or bushed opening or mouth of the cavity / will act
as a like illustration in regard to the adjustment of the valve.
The exterior of the tube c may if desired be ridged or corrugated as shewn, in
order to correspond with the corrugations; on the rims. The temporary tubes are
independent of inflation as an essential means of security in reference to their
attachment to the composite rims.
When
Fig. 23 represents a sectional elevation of the valve, the plug or plunger b' may
have at one extremity a head or flange 62 in order to serve as a stop inside the
tyre, and to afford a bearing for the metal washer and the rubber cushion or
washer g', the said rubber washer may be recessed in order to admit the head
of the body. A nut e¹ may be screwed upon the body of the valve and be
accompanied by a suitably shaped cup or plate f¹ Fig. 22 and Fig. 23 with notched
or serrated upper edge or ends. The plug or plunger b¹ may carry a thread upon
a portion of its surface below the shoulder which would fit a corresponding thread
within the body of the valve, and the extremity of the plug, or plunger may also
carry a thread upon a portion of its surface for the purpose of receiving the dust
cap a', and the said plug or plunger may have a suitable orifice c¹ drilled through a
portion of its entire length or stem for the purpose of admitting the air from the
inflator. The wing nut d' may also be carried by the body of the valve.
inflating or deflating the tubes the dust cap a' should be removed from the plug,
or plunger and the latter should be sufficiently eased upon the thread within the
body of the valve, until the orifice is out of touch or contact with the said valve
body. This arrangement will admit of the egress of air from the tube by way of
the orifice aforesaid; or of the ingress of air to the said tube by way of the said
orifice the principle of the valve being such as to render it entirely independent
of back pressure of air from the air tube for the purpose of closing the said
orifice, and thereby retaining the air within said air tube. The air is retained
within the air tube by means of the plunger being tightened upon its thread, and
thereby drawing the orifice against the plain portion of the inside of the valve
body, and at the same time drawing the indiarubber, or other washer into close
contact with the flange or head of the aforesaid valve body.
The exterior surface of the plunger outside the body of the valve may be of
hexagonal shape if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
1. In combination with an indiarubber or caoutchouc cover envelope, or jacket,
having a compound head and neck and lined with canvas-an inner tube carrying
a valve, a composite rim of a wheel-the aforesaid cover being portably or
detachably secured in position upon the said composite rim, as and for the purposes
hereinbefore specified.

page_text: 2. In combination with a cover having swollen edges or beads w and lined with
canvas-the inextensible endless bands an inner tube carrying a valve, a
composite rim of a wheel-the aforesaid cover being detachably secured in position
upon the said composite rim as and for the purposes herein before specified.
3. In combination with a permanent single tube b lined with canvas d and
carrying a valve-the endless inextensible bands; a composite rim of a wheel-
the aforesaid permanent single tube being detachably secured in position upon the
said composite rim, as and for the purposes hereinbefore specified.
4. In combination with a temporary single tube having a compound neck and
head and lips or flanges, and lined with canvas-a composite rim of a wheel-the
said temporary single tube being detachably secured in position upon the said
composite rim as and for the purposes hereinbefore specified.
5. In combination with a temporary single tube having swollen edges or beads w
and lips m and lined with canvas and enclosing the inextensible endless bands --
a composite rin of a wheel-the said temporary single tube being detachably
secured in position upon the said composite rim as and for the purposes herein-
before specified.
6. In combination with a temporary single tube, having swollen edges w and
flanges m for the purpose of overlap, and lined with canvas-the inextensible
bands, a composite rim of a wheel-the said temporary single tube being
detachably secured in position upon the composite rim, as and for the purposes
hereinbefore specified.
7. In combination with a temporary single tube having swollen edges w, and said
edges enclosing the endless bands a portable cylinder y, a composite rim of a
wheel-the said temporary single tube being detachably secured in position upon
the composite rim as and for the purposes herein before specified.
8. In combination with a composite rim consisting of longitudinal sections secured
together by means of plungers operated by spiral springs-a temporary single tube
detachably secured in position on the said composite rim as and for the purposes
herein before specified.
9. In combination with a composite rim secured together by means of springs, a
temporary single tube detachably secured in position on the said composite rim, as
and for the purposes herein before specified.
10. In combination with a composite rim secured together by means of L shape
slots and pins-a temporary single tube detachably secured in position on the said
composite rim, as and for the purposes hereinbefore specified.
11. The combined pneumatic tube, and composite rim constructed as hereinbefore
described in reference to Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8
Fig. 9 Fig. 10 Fig. 11 Fig. 12 Fig. 13 Fig. 14 Fig. 15 Fig. 16 Fig. 17 Fig. 18
Fig. 19 Fig. 20 Fig. 21 Fig. 22 Fig. 23 Fig. 24 Fig. 25 Fig. 26 Fig. 27 of the
companying drawings.