AN HYDROSTATIC ENGINE OR MACHINE, FOB THE PURPOSE OF DRAWING BEER OR ANY OTHER LIQUORS OUT OF A CELLAR OR VAULT IN A PUBLIC HOUSE, BUT MORE PARTICULARLY FOR DRAWING PORTER, BEERS, ALES, OR AMBER, WITHOUT THROWING THEM INTO A STATE OF FERMENTATION, BY PUMPING OR IMPRESSING THEM WITH AIR, OR INTO A STATE OF FLATNESS OR INSI- PIDITY BY BACKING INTO OTHER VESSELS, OR PUMPING OR DRAWING INTO CISTERNS, OF WHICH LIS
Year: 1800

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
PARKINSON, of Market Square, Bloomsbury, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present. Majesty King George the Third, in and "by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the First day of February, in the fortieth year of His reign,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, did give and give unto me, the said
Thomas Parkinson, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge, and
authority, that I, the said Thomas Parkinson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Parkinson, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN HYDROSTATIC ENGINE OR MACHINE,
FOB THE PURPOSE OF DRAWING BEER OR ANY OTHER LIQUORS OUT OF A CELLAR OR
VAULT IN A PUBLIC HOUSE, BUT MORE PARTICULARLY FOR DRAWING PORTER, BEERS,
ALES, OR AMBER, WITHOUT THROWING THEM INTO A STATE OF FERMENTATION, BY
PUMPING OR IMPRESSING THEM WITH AIR, OR INTO A STATE OF FLATNESS OR INSI-
PIDITY BY BACKING INTO OTHER VESSELS, OR PUMPING OR DRAWING INTO CISTERNS,
ALL OF WHICH ARE PREJUDICIAL TO THE LIQUORS, AND WILL BE PREVENTED BY THE
PETITIONER'S IMPROVED ENGINE OR MACHINE; BESIDES WHICH IT IS FOUND THAT
THE BEERS OR LIQUORS CAN BY THIS IMPROVEMENT BE DRAWN AS PERFECT FROM
THE COCK OF THIS MACHINE IN THE BAR AS IT
CASE IN THE CELLAR; AND WHICH INGINE OR
CAN BE DONE FROM THE BUTT OR
MACHINE IS LIKEWISE INTENDED
TO BE APPLIED FOR RAISING WATER OUT OF MINES, SHIPS, WELLS, OR FOR ANY OTHER

page_text: PURPOSES WHERE FLUIDS ARE REQUIRED TO BE RAISED;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging the said Thomas Parkinson, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Juvention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately
after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
referrence being thereto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Parkinson, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, as follows,
(that is to say):-
My improvement of an hydrostatic engine or machine, which I fix for the
purpose of drawing beer or any other liquors out of a cellar or vault in a
public house, but more particularly for drawing porter, beers, ales, or amber,
without injuring the same by throwing them into a state of fermentation with
pumping or compression, or into a state of flatness or insipidity by racking
into other vessels, or pumping or forcing into cisterns, or by any other means
that may be prejudicial to them, all of which are prevented by my improve-
ment of this engine or machine and its appendages; for the prevention of
those causes I fix four valves, two I place on the cask where the beer is
drawn from. The one I call a refrigerating valve to prevent fermentation,
the other an injection valve to admit the air only at the time the engine is at
work;
the other two valves I place on the air-tight case; the one I call an
escape valve, the other a receiving valve, which are more particularly described
hereafter, and which are part of the improvements implied. And it is now
found that the beer or liquors are drawn as perfect from the cock of this
engine or machine in the bar as they can be done from the butt or cask in
the cellar; and which engine is likewise intended to be applied for raising
water out of mines, ships, wells, or for any other purposes where fluids are
to be raised. The principal works of this engine or machine are contained
in a case or inclosure of various shapes and dimensions, air-tight, made of
metal and wood, or any other materials fit for the purpose, worked by one or
more cylinders and pistons, with a rod or rods rising out of the air-tight
case, which cylinder or cylinders are fixt to what I call a stand pipe or pipes
by means of screw joints made of brass or any other metal, which stand pipes
lead to smaller pipes that are fixt thereto in the same manner, and are
lengthened or made shorter by means of screw joints, as may be found neces-
sary for bringing the liquor from casks at a greater or lesser distance. The

page_text: above air-tight case, and the works attached thereto, are inclosed in an outer
case, with a saveall fixed to it, lined with tin, pewter; or lead, with a pipo to
carry off the waste to a butt in the cellar. The pipes before mentioned
likewise have valves in various situations to prevent the beer or liquors rushing
with too great a force, and are fix'd to the cock in the butt by means of a
screw joint. And when the engine is put in action, the escape valve opens
which is fixt to the case to emit the air, which is gradually displaced by the
admission of the beer or liquor, which immediately flows gently from the butt
or cask in the cellar into the barr, and by that means prevents it being
thrown into a state of fermentation; and the instant the action of the engine
is stopt the escape valve closes again by the pressure of the atmosphere,
which secures and preserves the beer from being thrown into a state of
flatness by its effects. I have found when mild or new beer is the least
agitated, particularly in warm weather, a foam or froth will rise upon the
beer, which makes it disagreeable, to prevent which I fix a pipe to the top
of the cylinder in the air-tight case, which I call a suppressing pipe, to
convey the beer to the cock in the engine, which cock when open'd runs
a continued stream without pulsations, which it would not do without the
assistance of the receiving valve, which I have fixt to the case that opens
and admits the air while the beer or liquor is running, and when it stops the
valve instantly closes again, which secures it from the bad effects of being
too much exposed to the air. And to prevent the engine from being over-
charged, and throwing open the valves, by which means the beer would be
injured, I have contrived a regulator (guarded by a plate of metal), consisting
of a rod or spindle, with a valve rising out of the air-tight case by means of
some light substance fixt to the bottom of the rod or spindle, which commu-
nicates with a hand on the outside case of the engine, and turns the hand
to a certain point to tell how to charge the engine, and when to stop its
motion. There is likewise a contrivance to this engine to draw the liquor
from different casks at the same time out of one cock, so that you may' niix
the beer if necessary, to sute the palate, which I have so constructed, by
means of various valves fixt in the pipes, that the beer or liquors are prevented
from returning to their level and mixing with each other in the casks, which
is done by various branches of pipes communicating with the stand pipe.
And as malt liquors are liable to get flat while drawing from the cask, by
being exposed to the air in giving them vent, and will sometimes get into
fermentation if kept too close, to prevent which, when the cask is tap't.and
the beer laid on the engine, I fix two valves on the top of the cask, as before
mentioned; the refrigerating valve to carry off the gas or vapour which is

page_text: caused by fermentation, the injection valve, which admits the air only while
the beer is flowing from the butt, and by that means the beer is kept in
good condition. I likewise fix a pipe at the bottom of the air-tight case,
which I call a cleansing pipe, that may be occasionally used if the engine
wants cleaning. All the before-mentioned stand pipes, as well as all other
pipes and valves applied to this engine or machine, are made of lead, tin,
pewter, leather, or any other metals or mixture of metals or materials that may
be found most convenient. And the alternate action and reaction of all the
valves in or about this engine or machine (except the refrigerating valve placed
on the cask, which acts only when fermentation takes place), or its appendages,
I have so contrived that they are put in motion by the machine itself, when
at work, or when the beer or liquor is flowing, which may be done by levers,
pendulums, cranks, or any other way which may be found most convenient
or necessary; and though the form or shape of this engine may be varied
(ad infinitum), I herewith give a Drawing to explain the principle, with
references.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Parkinson, bave hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred.
Inrolled the same Twentieth day of February, in the year above
mentioned.