IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO SPRING-MOTOR APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declaro the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO SPRING-MOTOR
APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
My invention relates to spring motors, and particularly to that form having
sectional mandrels or spring-shafts and revolving cages, and it has for its object to
so improve the construction of the motor that it will be inexpensive to make,
efficient in operation, and durable; and may be readily applied to any machine
desired to be driven.
The present improvements consist in making loose connections for the ends of
the springs with the mandrel and cages; in providing a bracket carrying the
multiplying wheels which are located above the top of the motor so that a band,
chain, or rod connection can be made between the motor and machine to be
driven; in providing the motor with a cone or adjustable friction brake which is
manually operated to regulate the unwinding of the springs or the expenditure of
their power, this brake being made in two parts and operated by hand or foot
pressure; in providing spring-cages made in separable parts so that they can be
taken apart to gain access to a broken spring or for convenience in setting up the
parts of the motor, these cages having one or more compartments for the volute
or band springs; in providing a winding signal for denoting sufficient winding of
the springs or to prevent overwinding; in arranging, or forming, the band springs in.
pests or intercoiling two or more and placing them in one cage compartment, or in
locating separate springs in separate compartments or chambers of the cages;
in decreasing the friction between the coils of the springs by inserting between
them blocks or pillars of india-rubber or other anti-friction material; and finally in
providing an improved method of coiling and locking the spring in a coiled
condition so that it may be readily connected to mandrels and case supports, which
method consists in first tempering and coiling or winding the spring then tying or
clamping it together and then inserting it into the cage and connecting the ends of
the spring to the cage and mandrel.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO SPRING MOTOR
APPARATUS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
-described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
My invention has relation to spring-motors having band or volute springs, more
particularly to that form of the same having sectional mandrels, and the first part
of my invention has for its objects to arrange and locate the train of multiplying
gearing and journal or supporting-brackets therefor, so as to make the motor moro
compact and admit of the use, on its last or end shaft, of a belt or eccentric-rod
connection for transmitting the power of the motor to the machine or apparatus to
be driven; to provide a graduated frictional surface brake for the motor, whereby
its speed or expenditure of its power or degree of unwinding of its springs is more
rendily and easily controlled, regulated and varied, as desired, and undue friction
between the braking-surfaces avoided, and the power of the motor economized; to
make the brake-shoe self-lubricating; to furnish it with operating devices adapted
to be moved either by hand or foot pressure, and which maintain it in partial or
complete engagement with its brake-wheel; to cause the motor-springs to unwind
at any desired speed or power for a longer or shorter interval of time within their
capacity; to provide the motor-winding device with either a visual or audible
signal, or both combined, for indicating sufficient winding of the motor-springs to
prevent overwinding, and consequent setting of the same; to provide an improved
mandrel; to secure the inner end of the springs to the mandrel in such manner
that said end will not disengage itself from the mandrel when the springs expand
or unwind; to provide a cheap motor-spring of great power and durability; to
make the springs of different capacity by varying their degree of temper; to
furnish the motor with noiselessly operating or transmitting wheels or gearing;
to make the motor portable, so that it can be placed in gear with the driven
machine without requiring special adaptation of either of said devices to the other;
to provide a cap or cover for the transmitting mechanism of the motor; and finally,
to produce a simpler, cheaper, more effective, and durable spring-motor than has
heretofore been made.
In the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section of a spring-motor embodying my
invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a detail.
Figure 3 is a sectional view of a modified form of brakeshoe for the motor.
Figure 4 is an elevation showing the eccentric or crank rod connection for
transmitting the power of the motor to a driven shaft.
Figure 5 is a top view of the motor.
Figure 6 is an elevation; partly sectional, of Figure 5, looking in the direction of
.

page_text: Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional plan of cage, mandrel and spring, illustrating
the end connections of the spring with its respective cage and mandrel.
Figure 8 is a broken perspective view of a mandrel and
Figure 9 is a vertical transverse section of the sectional mandrel.
Figure 10 is a side elevation, partly sectional, of the spring motor.
Figure 11 is a broken section of noiselessly-operating clutch mechanism for the
driving and winding shaft.
Figure 12 is a broken plan of cage showing re-enforcing springs and modified
end connections.
Figure 13 shows perspective views of different forms of anti friction blocks for
the coils of the springs.
Figure 14 is a horizontal section through one of the spring cage apartments,
showing the arrangement of a nest of intercoiled springs and their end connections.
Figure 15 is an end elevation of a cage for the springs.
Figure 16 is a side elevation, partly sectional, of the same.
Figure 17 is an end elevation partly sectional, of a modification of the cage, and
Figure 18 is a plan of the cage showing movable outer end connections for the
springs.
Referring to Figures 1 to 9, A represents the motor, composed of a frame a,
removable casing a², cages B, springs C, and sectional mandrel-shaft D, having an
oil containing winding, and driving wheel d, meshing with gear fon shaft E;
supported in brackets ƒ ƒ¹, and having clutch e and gear-wheel e¹. All of said
parts, except as hereinafter noted, are constructed and arranged substantially as
shown, or any other desired manner of construction of same may be adopted as
deemed expedient or found necessary.
The bracket G, with its train of wheels I is preferably located in a horizontal
plane at right angles to, and immediately above, the shaft E, so that its wheel e¹
will mesh with the first wheel i of train I, as plainly shown in Figures 1 and 5,
and the end shaft i¹ thereof is provided with a band or belt pulley of any desired
diameter. The bracket G is screwed, or otherwise suitably fastened, to a stanchion
or post g, cast on, or attached to, top plate a². By so arranging the bracket G and
its train of wheels I the height of the motor is much reduced, its running-gear
made more compact, it can be applied to a sewing or other similar machine without
necessitating cutting or mutilation of the table thereof, and the usual belt or band
employed in said machines can be utilized for transmitting thereto the power of the
motor.
I have shown the bracket G arranged at right angles to the shaft E; but I do
not confine myself thereto, as it is obvious that the former may be placed parallel
with the latter.
The band or belt wheel is illustrated secured to shaft at its extreme end,
and I prefer to so locate said wheel, in order that a brake-shoe H, to be hereinafter
described, may be more readily applied to one of the aides of wheel ; but it is
evident that the latter may be otherwise located, as desired: The wheel i³ may be
grooved for a round or square belt, as shown; or a flat band or belt pulley or a
sprocket-wheel and drive-chain may be substituted; or in lieu of any of said
wheels, the shaft i may be provided with an end crank or eccentric I', having a
connecting rod 12 for engagement with an eccentric on the driven shaft, as shown
in Figure 4.
The train of gearing I may consist of meshing toothed wheels, as illustrated, or
of friction, band, chain, or other suitable wheels, as desired.
The brake-shoe H is represented as being oblong in outline; but it may be
otherwise suitably configured for engagement with the adjoining hub or side of the
wheel. If desired, however, the shoe H may be applied to the periphery of said
hub, or to a collar on shaft . The shoe H is pivoted at hto a bell-crank lever L,
fulcrummed at on a standard, l, formed on, or attached to, top plate a²; and I'
is the actuating-spring for moving lever L and shoe H to maintain the latter in
frictional or braking engagement with wheel to stop and to modify-the-force

page_text: or speed of the unwinding of the motor-springs to suit the requirements of the
driven machine. The lever L is provided with a stirrup L² which, if desired, may
be made in two parts adjustable upon one another to admit of varying its length;
or a treadle mechanism may be substituted therefor. Said lever is also provided
with a hand or push rod M, to be hereinafter more particularly described. Said
lever may therefore be depressed or moved by the application of either hand or
foot power to stirrup L and push-rod M, respectively, to modify the force of the
brake. It will be noticed, therefore, that the power of the brako herein described
as well as that described in a former specification, is modified by counteracting or
varying the forco or influence of its actuating-spring, or that applied to the brake-
lever; but as described in the said specification the brake-shoe is so constructed
that its entire braking-surface, except when not applied, or out of engagement, is
always in contact with its brake-wheel under all the varied modifications of force
of the brake or that exerted by its actuating-spring. It follows, therefore, that tho
surface of contact between the parts of the brake is constant and only its force or
pressure is varied, the result whereof is that thero is too much frictional or braking
surface for the power of the motor to overcome when it is running slowly, and
when the power of its springs is weakening, thereby involving a waste of motor
power. At such times the parts of the brake frequently stick or adhere together,
and such action prevents easy and rapid manipulation of the brake to evenly
modify its force when the speed of the motor is to be varied. To overcome this
adhesion of the parts of the brake sufficient power must be applied to its lever to
suddenly withdraw said parts from one another, and then, in like manner, to place
them in braking-contact. This action produces either a too quick acceleration or
a too sudden arresting of the speed of the motor, and gives a fitful or irregular
motion to the operating parts of the driven machine.
In my present invention I avoid the foregoing-described objections by providing
means for varying the extent of the braking-surface, as the power or force of its
actuating-spring is modified to effect a variation in the speed of the motor, or when
its springs are weakening. This result I obtain by either connecting the top or
one edge of the shoe H to lever L or other suitable fixture of the motor, by means
of a contracting or other suitable spring or device, 3, which, when free to do so,
tilts or draws the upper or one part of the shoe H away from its brake-wheel ¿²
in advance of its lower or other part, as shown in Figure 1; or I construct the shoe
in two parts Hand H' as indicated in Figuro 3. The braking-surface of the
former retreats in advance of that of the latter, it being held in braking-contact by
the spring H³, and its limit of motion is fixed by means of a stud or collar H* on
its stem H.
The operation of the shoe H, (shown in Figure 1,) is as follows: When the motor
is not giving off its power, the spring L¹ maintains the entire braking-surface of
shoe H in contact with wheel i, to stop the unwinding of the springs C; but when
lever L is moved either by hand or foot pressure to modify the force of the brake
or move shoe H to and from wheel 2, the spring is then free to act, and exerts
its power to tilt or withdraw the upper part of said shoe out of brake contact, and
thereby reduces or graduates the extent of its frictional or braking surface
whenever the force of the brake or its actuating-spring is decreased or varied to
modify the speed of the motor. Such construction and operation provide a variablo
or graduated surface-brake, the friction of which is modified as the speed of the
motor is varied, thereby avoiding waste of motor power, and affording an easy and
regular modification of brake force whenever desired; and as tho parts of the brake
cannot adhere together, the unwinding of the springs may be varied in degree
without producing any irregular motion in the working parts of the driven
machine.
The operation of the shoe represented in Figure 3 is substantially the same as
that above described, except that the spring H³ acts expansively to keep the
part H in contact with wheel when part His being withdrawn therefrom as
the power of the brake is modified.

page_text: To make the brako-shoe solf-oiling I groove or kerf its braking-surface, longi-
tudinally, transversely, or diagonally, and pack plumbago h¹ or other similar
material in these grooves. The plumbago affords the necessary lubricant for the
contact-surfaces of the brake, and they need no further oiling. The end m of push
rod M is loosely sustained in an opening in lever L, or is otherwise swivelled
on the latter, so that a rotary motion may be given to it when it is pushed
downwardly to depress lever L. Said rod passes through an opening k, in a cap
or cover, K, as also does the belt or band for wheel is, the openings for the latter
being shown at . Cap K has a depending slotted flange or wall, ³, and is
supported upon the top plate, a to form a shield or casing for preventing access
of dirt or other foreign matter to the winding and transmitting devices of the
motor. The slots in said cap are provided for the exit or projection of lever L,
and the winding end E' of shaft, E, as illustrated in Figure 1. Said cap may have
separate component parts, as indicated in Figure 1; or they may all be cast or
formed integral, as shown in Figure 6.
Surrounding the rod M and secured to cap K is a segmental, circular, or other
appropriate shaped block, m¹, having a roughened, smooth, notched, or stepped
inclined surface or edge m², preferably the latter, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Upon rod M, in line with, and adjacent to, block or cam m' is a laterally-
projecting stud or pin, m³, which abuts against one of the steps of the incline m
whenever the rod M is manually depressed, and rotated to depress lever L to vary
the brake force and the speed of the motor. The reaction of the spring L' holds
pin m³ in engagement with the last step it impinged against during such rotation,
and causes it to lock lever L in its adjusted or depressed position to effect a dosired
constant brake force and a regular speed or power for the motor to transmit to the
driven machine for an interval of time, as desired, within the capacity of the motor,
without requiring constant or continuous application of hand or foot pressure to
lever L, whereby the divided attention heretofore demanded of the operator in
running the motor and the driven machine is avoided. By reversing the rotation
of the rod M, the locking position of its stud or pin m³ is released or varied.
The push rod M may alone be used for moving brake-lever L; but I prefer to
employ both rod M and stirrup L³ to afford relief to the operator, and also to
permit the application of foot-power to lever L whenever both hands of the
operator are engaged in manipulating the work operated upon by the driven
machine.
•
I have shown the rod M and means for locking it and lever L in varying
positions within the limit of their motion, applied to a brake-shoe, having a
graduated or varying brake-surface; but I do not confine myself thereto, as it is
evident that said rod and locking appurtenances may be applied to other forms of
brakes.
The wheel and shaft E not only serve as driving or transmitting mechanism
for the motor, but also for its winding-gear as fully explained in said former
specification.
To prevent overwinding and setting of springs C, C, I provide the motor with
either a visual or an audible signal, or both combined. These signals are respec-
tively shown at N and O, Figure 6. The visual signal N is composed of an upright
bar n threaded at n'. Upon the latter screws a wheel, n³, supported between lugs n
of a bracket, N₁, secured to, or cast on, plate a. Said lugs have openings `n¹ for
passage of rod n, and its upper end enters an opening in cap K.
The wheel n³ is a star or sprocket wheel, as shown, and as it is rotated in reverse
directions it causes the rod n to move up and down in its bearings. To rotate said
wheel it is arranged in line with a stud, d, cast or formed on wheel & so that as
the latter rotates, it carries with it the stud d the end of which strikes the teeth
of wheel n³ and revolves it one tooth or more, as desired, during each revolution of
wheel d, to produce a slow ascent or descent of rod n. The winding of the springs
produces an ascent of rod n which is continued until its top edge is flush with the
upper surface of the cap K. The rod n is so proportioned, and the pitch of its

page_text: threads n¹ so regulated, that when the above described position of rod n is attained
it denotes that the springs have been sufficiently wound, whereupon the winding
operation is completed. As the springs unwind and the wheel d is reversely
rotated, its stud or lug & moves wheel n³ in an opposite direction, to produce
a descent of rod n.
.
To make the signalling position of rod n more striking its top edge is painted or
otherwise operated upon to cause it to strongly contrast in color with that of tho
surface of cap K.
To avoid deponding alone upon the eye for preventing overwinding I prefer to
combine with the visual signal a bell or alarm, O, which is secured to cap K, as is
also its striker arm o. The latter is provided with a pivotted spring-supported
end-piece, o, which yields to downward pressure, while an upward pressure moves
it and the striker-arm o. The end o¹ of the latter is in lino with one or more
lugs, n³, on rod n; or recesses or notches may be substituted therefor. As the
rod n moves up and down, one of its lugs n strikes the end o' of armo. Upon the
upward movement of the rod, end o¹ and arm o are both moved, and when released
from said lug by its passage by the end o¹ the striker-arm o falls by gravity and
sounds the alarm. This takes place simultaneously with the end movement of
rod n, or that which places it in its signalling position, or flush with the top
of cap K. Upon the descent of rod n its lug n passes by end o'; by reason of
the latter yielding to the downward pressure of said lug, and the alarm is not then
sounded.
The mandrel D (see Figure 9) is shown composed of three solid sections, D', D'
and D³ having small bore or central oil passages, D, tapering conical-shaped
recesses D in one or both ends, and shoulders Do for bearings or supports for the
cages B. In the last or mandrel section, D³, the central oil passage may be dis-
pensed with; and, if desired, more than three mandrels may be used. The top
mandrel-section D¹, is firmly keyed or otherwise secured to wheel d, and has trans-
verse oil-passages d³ from its central bore to the oil-well of wheel d Said section
has a bearing in the top plate a². The end section, D³, is formed on, or secured to,
the bottom plato, a, of frame, and the middle section, D2, is supported upon
section D³, and supports section D' by means of rounded end or other suitably-
configured pins or supports, De, bearing upon loose collars or discs D' within the
recesses D³. If desired, these collars may have central oil-ducts as shown.
pins Do are of less diameter than that of the recesses D³, to prevent contact with
the walls of the latter, thereby reducing the frictional surface between said parts.
The mandrel and cage bearings are lubricated as follows: Part of the oil supplied
to wheel & finds its way through aperture d³ in said wheel to the top-plate bearing
for section D¹, and thence down the outside of the mandrel to the cago bearings.
Another part of such oil passes through ducts d³ to the central oil-passage, D, and
lubricates the bearings of the pins or supports D. The drip from the mandrel falls
onto the upper side of bottom plate, a", which has an annular flango, ao, for confining
and collecting such waste oil until it can be removed therefrom.
:
The
To prevent the inner end of the springs disengaging from, or drawing out of, the
mandrel-slot, as the springs expand, I make said end S-shaped, and provide a
Correspondingly-configured slot in the mandrel, as plainly shown in Figures 7
and 8. Such inner end connection of the spring with the mandrel provides a
tangential hook or engagement for locking said parts together, and as the strain on
said hook or engagement is then in the direction of the length of the spring, its
end is not as liable to disengage itself from the mandrel as is the case when said
end is radially connected to the mandrel. The opposite or outside end of the
spring is secured to the cage as shown, or in any other suitable or desired manner.
To make a cheap, effective, and durable spring, I use ribbons or plates of
crucible cast-steel, which are highly carbonized, or carbonized to such extent that
they are brittle and liable to break when coiled. The springs coiled therefrom
possess great elasticity and durability, due to the high degree of carbonization of
the same.
To coil these plates without breaking them and without reducing their

page_text: degree of carbonization, each successive part of the plate is heated before being
coiled, and when coiled into a spring its needs no further reheating or tempering.
As each plate is coiled its coils are separated to obtain motion for the spring by
means of a layer or a belt of asbestos, which is coiled along with the plate. The
asbestos is used because it is fire-proof and is not destroyed by the adjacent hot
parts of the plate during coiling. The motor is supported upon rollers or casters R
to make it portable, so that when its belt, or other like connection is used the
motor can be moved in proximity to, or placed at a distance from, the driven
machine. This avoids the necessity of adapting one of said machines to the
other.
Any or all of the multiplying-wheels, as well as the other gearing, if desired, are
formed with openings & in which is packed rubber or other elastic material as more
plainly shown in Figure 6 for the purpose of absorbing or neutralizing the noise
produced by their rotation, and thereby provide noiselessly-operating gear for the
motor. If dosired, the power of the motor may be transmitted to the driven
machine by means of a gear-wheel, this being substituted for the belt or crank-rod
connection.
I have shown and described the inner end of the springs made S-shape; but it
is obvious that the upper part of the S can be a curve, or made angular or other-
wise suitably configured, to accomplish the result described. So, too, it is evident
that the foregoing described improvements, or any of them, may be applied to other
forms of motors than that herein recited and shown.
I have shown the bracket G secured to or supported by a single stanchion, 9;
but it will in practice have a stanchion or support at each end or be otherwise held
in position, as desired.
The springs of the motor are made of different capacity or temper by carbonizing
some of the steel plates more than others, and tempering them differently during
the coiling operation. This can readily be effected by changing the temperature of
the cooling medium employed for different plates.
In some cases in these motors the coils of the springs, in unwinding, open more
upon one side of the mandrel or spring than upon the other, this irregular
unwinding of the coils causes them to bind against the mandrel upon one side of
the latter, and this binding action generates excessive friction between the coils
and mandrel and produces a side draft on the latter which makes it bind in its
bearings, hence a largo portion of the power of the springs of the motor is expended
or wasted in overcoming this resultant friction to proportionately reduce the power
or capacity of the motor, and this binding action not only consumes the spring-
power, but also necessitates a greater exertion of force to effect a winding of the
springs.
The second part of my invention therefore has for its primary object to avoid the
above described irregular opening or unwinding of the coils of the motor-springs
and the consequent friction and waste of spring power by intercoiling or placing
within the coils of one another two or more band or volute springs to form a nest
of such springs, all of which are in the same plane, and each having opposite
detachable and connections with the mandrel and cage.
This part of my invention has for its further object to interpose elastic blocks
between the coils of the springs, to prevent the coils closing upon each other, and
which serve to increase the power or capacity of the springs; to provide a noise-
lessly-acting clutch mechanism for the driving or winding shaft of the motor;
to furnish its end shaft with a cone pulley for effecting a variation in the speed or
force of the transmitted power; and to provide a light, strong, inexpensive, and
durable spring cage thereby making the motor more powerful and durable.
Referring to Figures. 10 to 18:
A represents the motor-frame, having legs or supports, provided with rollers or
casters R for making the motor portable; D the sectional mandrel; C, the springs,
and B the cage therefor, only one of which is shown but the number of the cages
and appurtenances therefor may be multiplied, as desired, and constructed and

page_text: arranged either as shown in Figure 10 or as indicated in Figures 15 and 16 the
latter being the more preferable form and will be hereinafter described.
The springs C are each composed of a nest of two band or voluto springs as
shown in Figure 14, or more than two may be used. The springs of a nest are
intercoiled as illustrated. They are all in the same planc. or placed in one
apartment of the cage or barrel B, and the ends of each spring have separate and
independant connection with the cage and mandrel. These end connections are so
made that every spring comprising the nest has its inner end secured to the
mandrel on a side opposite to that to which its outer end is attached to the cage.
It follows therefore that each spring of any two springs of a nest having aligning
end connections has opposing end connections both with the mandrel and the cage,
as indicated in Figure 14 and as the draft or strain of unwinding of these springs
is in opposite directions or on both sides of the mandral they equalize each other,
the result whereof is that their coils unwind or open regularly or to the same
extent on all sides of the mandrel, and all side draft on the latter, binding in its
bearings and like action between said coils and the mandrel, and consequent
friction are avoided The full capacity or power of the springs can therefore be
obtained for working purposes and the winding of the springs performed with less
labor or exertion. The ends of the springs may be secured to the cage and
mandrel, as shown or any other suitable or desired form of attachment may be
employed.
To prevent the coils of the springs closing upon each other when wound up
I interpose the elastic blocks P between the coils. Any number of the blocks may
be used. (See Figure. 10) They are composed of rubber bent or bifurcated to have
a slot p, and sides p¹ p¹ so that they can readily be attached to or placed upon the
spring coils to automatically hold themselves in position thereon. They may have
any suitable configuration; but I prefer the form shown in Figure 18. These
blocks not only prevent the coils closing upon each other when wound up, but
also keep them from rubbing against each other to produce friction as they unwind.
When the springs are wound the blocks E, being elastic are compressed, and as
they react or expand during the unwinding of the coils their expansive force
proportionately increases the power of the springs, and consequently the capacity
of the motor.
To further increase the power of the springs C, C, I provide them with re-
enforcing springs C, C', (see Figure 12) in which case the inner ends of the
springs C, C, and the outer ends of the springs C¹ C¹ are free or unconnected, to
permit them to yield lengthwise both during their winding and unwinding, or
they may have movable end connecting pins as shown at z Figure 18.
The driving and winding shaft E" is constructed as shown, having loose wheel q
provided with clutch q¹ the engaging-teeth 92 of which are faced with leather,
rubber, or other suitable similar material for producing a noiselessly acting clutch
mechanism for shaft E". The leather facings q³ consist of cylindrical or other
shaped blocks inserted, as shown, in openings formed in the faces of the teeth q³
(See Figure 11). The shafts of the multiplying gearing are extended for attach-
ment of various sizes of pulleys, which may be grooved, as shown, or otherwise
configured, as desired. A number of these pulleys may be joined together to form
a cone-pulley, which may be applied to the last or any shaft of the multiplying
gear i for varying the speed or force of the transmitted power.
To produce a strong and light spring-cage, I employ oblong steel or other bars it
which are connected at their ends and maintained at a suitable distance apart by
the bolts and collars or pipes and have central openings, t³ for the passage of
the sectional mandrel D. The bars or plates may be transversely bowed or
curved, as shown in Figure 15 or have turned-up edges or be otherwise suitably
formed to present as little contact or resting surface as possible for the springs C
and C¹ so as to reduce the friction between said parts to a minimum.
If desired,
however, the plates t may be flat, as shown in Figure 17.

page_text: Any form of band, knee or foot power brake mechanism may be applied to the
motor for regulating its speed.
In connecting the ends of the springs of a nest to the mandrel and cage it is
not absolutely necessary to attach the opposite ends of each spring to opposite
sides of the mandrel and cage, as the inner ends of the springs can be connected to,
the same side of the mandrel while their outer ends remain oppositely attached to'
the cage, as indicated.
Any form of noiseless or friction clutch may be substituted for that above
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First-In a spring motor having horizontal shaft E with wheel e¹, the bracket G.
having a train of wheels I, and horizontally located adjoining said shaft, substan-
tially as, and for the purposes, set forth.
Second-A spring-motor having a winding and driving shaft E, and a bracket G
having multiplying-wheels I, and arranged at right angles to and above said shaft,
substantially as shown and described.
Third: In a spring-motor, a top frame-plate a² having bearings for shaft E
and supports g for bracket G having wheels I substantially as shown and
described.
Fourth In a spring motor, the bracket G having train of multiplying wheels I,
the end shaft of which is provided with driving or transmitting mechanism
substantially as shown and described.
Fifth In a spring motor, the bracket G having a train of wheels I, the end
wheel of which is adapted to transmit the power of the motor and serve as a
brake wheel, substantially as shown and described.
Sixth-A spring-motor having an end or last transmitting wheel or gear, which
forms part of the brake for the motor, substantially as shown and described.
Seventh-A spring motor provided with a graduated surface brako, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
Eighth A spring motor provided with a brake shoe and means for varying or
graduating its surface-contact, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Ninth A spring motor having a brake shoe which is normally in engagement
or braking contact and mechanism attached to said shoe to vary or graduate tho
extent of its braking surface, substantially as shown and described.
Tenth: A spring motor having a brake-shoo actuating-spring and lover
therefor, and means for graduating the surface of frictional contact of said shoe,
substantially as shown and described.
Eleventh A spring-motor having a self lubricating brake shoe, substantially
as set forth,
Twelfth A spring motor having a brake shoe packed with plumbago or other
lubricant, substantially as and for the purpose, set forth.
Thirteenth: In a spring-motor the combination of wheel and brake-shoe H
having retracting-spring, lever L, spring L', and mechanism for moving said
lever as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourteenth-A spring motor having a brake shoe with operating-lever and
means for automatically locking said lever in its adjusted position, substantially as,
and for the purpose, set forth.
Fifteenth-A spring motor having a brake which is adapted to be released by
hand or foot pressure, substantially as shown and described.
Sixteenth-A spring motor having a brake shoe and lever provided with a
sliding or rotating push-rod, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Seventeenth: In a spring-motor the combination with a brake-lever, of a pusli
rod having mechanism for locking it and said lever in varying positions, substan-
tially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
þ
:

page_text: Eighteenth-In a spring motor the combination of brake-lever L, spring L',
and push-rod M having pin m³ and inclined surface m², substantially as shown
and described.
Nineteenth-A spring-motor winding mechanism having a visual signal,
substantially as shown and described.
Twentieth-A spring-motor having its winding mechanism in gear with a
visual or audible signal, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Twenty first: In a spring-motor, the combination of wheel & having lug d¹,
the wheel n³, rod n and bracket N', substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Twenty-second-In a spring-motor, the combination of wheel d having lug d',
the wheel n³, rod n with lugs n', bracket N¹, and alarm O, substantially as, and
for the purpose, set forth.
•
Twenty-third -A spring-motor having sectional mandrels with recessed ends,
and separable supporting-pins Do, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Twenty-fourth-A spring-motor having sectional mandrels with recesses D³ in
their ende, oil-ducts D', washers D', and rounded-end pins or supports Dº,
substantially as shown and described.
Twenty-fifth-A spring for motors, having an S-shaped inner end, substantially
as shown and described, for effecting a tangential engagement with the mandrel of
the motor, as set forth.
Twenty-sixth-In a spring-motor, the combination of mandrel D liaving a
tangentially-arranged S-shaped vertical slot, and springs C having correspondingly-
shaped inner ends, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Twenty-seventh-In a spring-motor, a mandrel having tangentially-arranged
irregular slots, and springs having inner ends shaped to conform to the mandrel-
slots, substantially as shown and described.
Twenty-eighth-A spring-motor provided with springs of different grades of
temper, substantially as described.
Twenty-ninth-In coiling motor springs, the combination of the coiled metal
spring with a layer of asbestos, as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Thirtieth-A spring-motor having a casing for its springs and a cap or cover for
its winding and driving gear, substantially as shown and described.
Thirty-first-In combination with a spring motor, the detachable cap K, as, and
for the purpose, set forth.
Thirty-second: In a spring motor, the combination of cylindrical frame a having
a top plate a, with case or cover K, and bottom plate as having rollers or casters R,
substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.
Thirty-third-A spring-motor having gear-wheels the webs of which have
perforations & filled with a packing of india-rubber or elastic material substantially
as shown and described.
Thirty-fourth-A spring-motor having a mandrel or spring shaft, provided with
axial slots for connection with the inner ends of nests of intercoiled volute or band
springs, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Thirty-fifth-A spring-motor having a mandrel, a cage, and two or more volute
springs, forming a nest of intercoiled springs arranged in the same or substantially
the same plane, and having inner and outer detachable end connections with said
mandrel and cage, substantially as shown and described.
Thirty-sixth-A spring-motor having two or more volute or band springs
located in or substantially in the same plane, and provided with opposite detachable
end connections, substantially as shown and described.
Thirty-seventh-A spring motor having a sectional mandrel, a revolving cage,
and two or more volute or band springs, forming a nest of intercoiled springs,
substantially as shown and described.
Thirty-eighth-A spring-motor having a sectional shaft or mandrel, a revolving
cage, and nests of band or volute springs, provided with independent and opposing
end connections, substantially as shown and described.

page_text: Thirty-ninth-In a spring-motor, the elastic blocks P substantially as, and for
the purpose, set forth.
Fortieth-A spring-motor having the coils of its springs provided with olastio
blocks P, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Forty-first-The method herein described of increasing the capacity of the
springs of a motor and avoiding friction between the coils of the springs, which
consists in interposing a compressible or a resilient body between the coils of the
spring at suitable intervals throughout its length, substantially as set forth.
Forty-second-A spring motor having on its winding or driving shaft a clutch
the parts of which have noiselessly acting or working contact-faces, substantially
as shown and described.
Forty-third In a spring-motor, the combination with shaft Ell of the clutch q
having flexible teeth-facings q³, substantially as and for the purpose, set forth.
Forty-fourth-A spring motor having a series of multiplying or power trans-
mitting shafts, and a changeable pulley adapted to be applied to any of said shafts,
substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Forty-fifth-A spring motor having multiplying genring with extended shafts,
as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Forty-sixth-A spring motor cage composed of oblong, radial, or diametrical
plates, having end. fastening bolts and central mandrel openings, substantially as,
and for the purpose, set forth.
Forty-seventh-A cage for spring motors, comprising oblong bars or plates tt
having end supports t, and central mandrel openings, substantially as shown and
described.
Forty-eighth-The cage B composed of curved platest having end supports t¹
and mandrel openings, substantially as shown and described.
Forty-ninth-The cage B having two apartments and end supports and two
or more springs in each apartment, and having outer end connections with said
supports, substantially as shown and described.
Fiftieth-In a spring motor, the cage B having different apartments, in
combination with two or more springs in each said apartment, and having end
connections with the cage, substantially as shown, and for the purpose set forth.
Fifty-first-A spring motor comprising a mandrel and a revolving cage, provided
with nests of intercoiled band or volute springs, substantially as, and for the
purpose, set forth.
Fifty-second-In a spring-motor, the combination of revolving cage B composed
of plates t and supports t¹, and the nests of volute springs C, substantially as shown
and described.
Fifty-third-A spring-motor having a sectional mandrel, provided with nests of
intercoiled volute springs, and located one above the other, substantially as shown
and described.
Fifty fourth-In a spring motor, a cage composed of plates t and supports th
for the reception of band springs, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.