IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOOPS FOR SECURING PICKS AND OTHER SIMILAR TOOLS TO THEIR SHAFTS, AND IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF HOOPS FOR THE SAID SHAFTS, AND IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES THEREFOR."
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Brown, of Sheffield, in the County of York,
"
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOOPS FOR
SECURING PICKS AND OTHER SIMILAR TOOLS TO THEIR SHAFTS, AND IN THE
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF HOOPS FOR THE SAID SHAFTS, AND IN APPARATUS
OR APPLIANCES THEREFOR."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1882.
THOMAS BROWN of Sheffield in the County of York.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF HOOPS FOR SECURING PICKS AND OTHER SIMILAR TOOLS TO THEIR
SHAFTS AND IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF HOOPS FOR THE SAID SHAFTS
AND IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES THEREFOR.
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of hoops for securing
picks and other similar tools to their shafts and in the process of manufacture of
hoops for the said shafts and in apparatus or appliances therefor and to hoops
which are slit in the direction of their length.
The improvements in the construction of hoops consist in locking into one
another the two meeting ends of the split hoop by a dovetail or other suitable
form of projection and recess, the projection on one end of the hoop fitting into a
corresponding recess in the other end thereof.
The improvements in the process of manufacture of the said hoops consist firstly
in flying out or stamping out the said hoops from strips of sheet steel in such a
manner as that there is little or no waste of the material the strip of steel being
divided equally in the direction of its width by top and bottom tools of the shape
of the lower end of the hoop and also cut to proper length at one operation in a
fly press or other similar apparatus the projection on one half of the strip fitting
into a corresponding recess in the other half.
Secondly-After flying out the blank or flat piece of steel having the contour
of the hoop it is placed between a top and bottom tool or pair of dies of the form
of the outside of the finished hoop in cross section the wide side being downwards
Pin Q,77

page_text: and the flat blank is placed on it a mandrill of the shape of the inside of the hoop
-or thereabouts-is placed thereon and the top tool is brought down on to it so
that the edges of the blank are turned up the said edges are then turned towards
one another and are then removed to a second pair of tools or dies similar to the
first pair but having the form of the edge of the hook upwards. A mandrill of the
exact shape of the inside of the hoop is then inserted into the partly formed hoop
and placed in position in the bottom die the top die is then brought down on to it
and the hoop is thereby finally brought to its ultimate shape the meeting ends or
edges being properly turned over and brought together. The dies or tools aforesaid
are used in an ordinary stamping press.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th
August 1882.
THOMAS BROWN of Sheffield in the County of York. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF HOOPS FOR SECURING PICKS AND OTHER SIMILAR TOOLS TO 1
THEIR SHAFTS AND IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF HOOPS FOR THE SAID
SHAFTS AND IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES THEREFOR.
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of hoops for securing
picks and other similar tools to their shafts and in the process of manufacture of
hoops for the said shafts and in apparatus or appliances therefor, and to hoops
which are slit in the direction of their length.
The improvements in the construction of hoops consist in locking into or to oue
another the two meeting ends of the split hoop by a dovetail or other suitable
form of projection and recess the projection on one end of the hoop fitting into a
corresponding recess in the other end thereof; or as an equivalent locking the two
meeting ends of the hoop by recessing each end and employing therewith a separate
double tapered locking plate, piece, or wedge.
The improvements in the process of manufacture of the said hoops consist firstly
in flying out or stamping out the said hoops from strips of sheet steel in such a
manner as that there is little or no waste of the material, the strip of steel being
divided equally in the direction of its width by top and bottom tools of the shape of
the boop and also cut to proper length at one operation in a fly press, or other
similar apparatus, the projection on one half of the strip fitting into a corre-
sponding recess in the other half.
Secondly-After dying out the blank or flat piece of steel having the contour:
of the hoop it is placed between a top and bottom tool or pair of dies of the form of
the outside of the finished hoop in cross section the wide side being downwards and
the flat blank on it, a mandril of the shape of the inside of the hoop-or thereabouts
―is placed thereon and the top tool is brought down on to it so that the edges of.

page_text: the blank are turned up the said edges are then turned downwards towards one
another and are then removed to a second pair of tools or dies similar to the
first pair and having the form of the edge of the hoop upwards. A mandrill of the
exact shape of the inside of the hoop is then inserted into the partly formed hoop
and placed in position in the bottom die, the top die is then brought down on to
it and the hoop is thereby finally brought to its ultimate shape the meeting ends or
edges being properly turned over and brought together. The dies or tools aforesaid
are used in an ordinary stamping press.
In the accompanying drawings Fig 1 to Fig 8 show varieties of hoops constructed
according to my improvements. Fig 1 is a front view; Fig 2 is a plan and Fig 3
is a. bottom end view of a hoop A with a dovetail projection D and a corresponding
recess, as it would appear when in position on the pick shaft. Instead of the
projection and recess being angular as shown at D it may be curved as shown by
the curved dotted lines, and instead of the projection filling the recess and the meeting
ends being brought together they may be as shown by the straight dotted lines to
allow the hoop to spring the distance of the opening shown by the dotted lines.
Fig 4 is a front view of a plain hoop B bent ready for fixing on the shaft and
Fig 4* is a plan thereof the hoop is or may be slit as shown by the dotted line to
make the hoop more elastic. Fig 5 is a front view, Fig 6 is a sectional plan as
taken through the dotted line W X (Fig 5), Fig 7 is a bottom end view and Fig 8
is a vertical section as taken through the dotted line Y Z (Fig 5) of a hoop C with
two dovetail recesses opposite each other in the meeting ends of the hoop with a
loose locking plate E fitting into the two dovetail recesses and secured to the shaft
by the pin F.
Fig 9 to Fig 14 illustrate my improvements in the manufacture of hoops from
sheets of steel. Fig 9 is a plan (and Fig 10 is an end view) showing my
improved method of cutting out blanks for hoops without waste of material.
The hoop A with the projection at one end and a recess at the other
is cut out as shown at A' and A'; the cutting tool being of the form of the
plates A¹ and A¹ and by which the hoop blanks are cut out with the loss of
material only of the narrow taper strip between the plates as shown at X and Y.
The plain hoops B and C are cut out as shown at B' and C¹ with the loss of
material only of the narrow taper strip as shown at Z. It is obvious that the hoop
blanks could be cut out from the strip of the width as shown by the dotted line L M
but in that case the material shown at N O P Q would be wasted and much more
material would be required to make an equal number of hoops than by the method
shown at A' A', B' C by which the projections P Q of the hoop blank B¹ fit into
the corresponding recess in the hoop blank A' and the projections NO of the
hoop blank C fit into corresponding recesses in the hoop blank A' and so on to
the end of the sheet. The dotted line at the extreme left of Fig 9 shows the
waste of material in commencing to cut from the strip of steel from which the
hoop blanks A C¹ and A' B' are cut in double rows.
Figs 11 to 14 inclusive illustrate the method and part of the apparatus by which
the hoop blanks are bent to form the hoop. Fig 11 is an end view of one of the
hoop blanks (such as B'); Fig 12 shows the first operation in bending, R being the
mandrill or top tool or pellat, and S the bottom tool or anvil. Fig 13 shows the
second operation by which the ends B¹ and B are bent over towards one another.
Fig 14 shows the third and last operation by which the hoop is completed the
meeting ends B1 and B2 being brought together, R³ is the mandril inserted in the
hoop, is the bottom tool, die, or anvil; T is the top tool, die or pellat. The partly
formed hoop as shown in Fig 13 with the mandril R² being placed in the bottom
tool or bottom die, the top tool or top die T is brought down onto it with sufficient
force to bend the hoop to the form shown in Fig 14.
The loose locking plate E can be punched out of the hoop after it is bent or after
the blank is cut from the strip, or before the blank is cut from the strip, in the
latter case a projection or guide of or about the form of the plate E can be made
on or fitted to the punch bed to act as a guide in punching out the hoop blank.

page_text: Although I prefer to make the hoops of sheet steel it is obvious that they may
be made of other similar or suitable material in sheets.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature and object of my
said invention and having specified in what manner the same is or may be used
or carried into practical effect I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to 5
be novel and original and therefore claim as the invention secured to me by the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is:-
Firstly
Improvements in the construction of hoops for securing picks and other similar
tools to their shafts by the manufacture thereof from thin sheets of steel (or similar 1
ductile material) of a form allowing of the meeting ends being locked into or to
one another substantially as hereinbefore specified and as illustrated in Figs 1. 2.
3. 5. 6. 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Secondly
Improvements in the construction and manufacture of the hoons hereinbefore 1