IMPROVEMENTS IN SPEED GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PRIME MOTORS." PROAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Bailey, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and Arthur Thomas Allcock, of Newark, in the County
of Nottingham, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPEED
GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PRIME MOTORS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Bailey and
Arthur Thomas Allcock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 5th March 1879.
WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
ARTHUR THOMAS ALLCOCK, of Newark, in the County of Nottingham, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SPEED GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PRIME
MOTORS."
Our Invention applies to that class of governor in which the centrifugal force of
the pendulums is counterbalanced by a weight sliding in the direction of the axis
of revolution, and having its centre of gravity coinciding therewith. In some cases
it is usual to substitute a spring for the counterbalance weight. Our improvements
are for the purpose of making such governors astatic, and consists in subdividing
the counter-balancing weight and applying a portion of it to each of the links or
their equivalents that connect the pendulums to the sliding sleeve or collar on the
axis. For this purpose we make, the weighted links of an L or other suitable form,
the extremity of one arm being jointed to the sliding sleeve or collar on the axis
and the other to the pendulum arm or a prolongation thereof, according to the
position of the weighted links, whether they are placed above or below the point of
suspension of the pendulums.
The centre of gravity of the links is at or about the junction of the arms, and
lies outside the axis on the same side as the pendulum to which they are
connected.
The effect of this arrangement is that as the pendulums rotate their centrifugal
force causes them to open, thereby lifting the weighted links together with the
sliding sleeve against the force of gravity; but in so doing the position of the
centres of gravity of the links relative to their point of suspension on the sliding
sleeve or collar is being altered; consequently, the centrifugal force of the weighted
links assists that of their gravity in keeping the governor in equilibrium, thereby
n
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page_text: making it astatic or as nearly so as may be required and arranged, and allowing at
the same time a large angle of separation to the pendulums.
The joints of the arms of the weighted links to the sliding sleeve and pendulums
can be made adjustable in slots, or eccentric joint pins can be used for the same
purpose, so that the centres of gravity of the links relative to their points of suspen-
sion can be altered and adjusted to suit any degree of stability that may be required
in the governor.
Another plan for effecting the same purpose consists in attaching one or both of
the link arms to the weight by a bolt that can be traversed in a slot, thereby
making a compound weighted link adjustable both as to the position of its centre
of gravity and the length and angular position of its arms.
A modification of our Invention can be applied to those governors in which the
pendulums are jointed to and move in an axial direction with the sliding sleeve or
collar. In this case we use similar weighted links having one arm jointed to the
pendulum and the other to a fixed point on the revolving axis. As in this case the
centres of gravity of the weighted links traverse through a much larger angle, it is
preferable to reduce their weight, using them more as auxillary to and in con-
junction with, the sliding weight or spring on the axis, so that the centrifugal
force of the, links only is used to balance the increased centrifugal force of the
pendulums as they open wider, and so keeping the governor always in equilibrium.
It is also common in governors of this latter class for the pendulums to be
arranged so that their inner ends rest upon the head of the spindle or axis as a
fulcrum, whilst they are jointed direct to the sliding sleeve at an intermediate
point without the use of the ordinary connecting links, the weight of the sliding
sleeve thus tending to close the governor pendulums. In applying our improve-
ments to this description of governor we use weighted links having only one arm,
which is jointed to the sliding sleeve, the outer portions being formed with suitable
guides resting upon friction rollers fastened upon the arms of the governor
pendulums.
As the pendulums open under centrifugal force they lift the sliding sleeve and¦
links against the force of gravity in the usual manner, but at the same time the
friction rollers on the pendulum arms traversing the guides formed on the weighted
links raise their centres of gravity with regard to their point of attachment to the
sliding sleeve, so that their centrifugal force comes into play to keep the governor
in equilibrium and render it astatic.
The guides and friction rollers may be replaced by small connecting links,, one
end jointed to the weighted links and the other end to a point on the pendulum
arms near to their attachment to the sliding sleeve.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Henry Bailey and Arthur Thomas Allcock in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 4th Septemberr 1879.
WILLIAM HENRY BAILEY, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
and THOMAS ALLCOCK, of Newark, in the County of Nottingham, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SPEED GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER PRIME
MOTORS."
Figures 1 and 2 represent side and end elevations of our improved governor and
Figure 3 is a plan of the same. The pendulums A and A¹ are jointed in the
ordinary way to the rotating driving spindle S at the points a and a' respectively,
their prolongated arms being jointed at 6 and 6' to the arms of the L shaped
weighted links E and E¹, whose centres of gravity are at o and o¹ respectively, and
on the same side of the axis S as the pendulums to which they are jointed. The
other arms of the weighted links E and E' are jointed to the sliding sleeve or
collar D at the points C and C', the motion of D being conveyed to the regulating
valve by any of the methods ordinarily in use, as indicated by the lever F.
The effect of this arrangement is that as the pendulums A and A¹ rotate and
their centrifugal force causes them to open, as shown in dotted lines at A" and A"",
they lift the weighted links E and E¹ together with the sliding sleeve D against
the force of gravity until they assume the position shown in dotted lines at Eu
and E. The centres of gravity o" and o¹¹ of the links E" and E having then
risen above their points of suspension to the sliding sleeve c" and c¹ their centri-
fugal force assists that of their gravity in keeping the governor in equilibrium
against the increased centrifugal force of the pendulums, due from their enlarged
separation, thereby rendering the governor astatic or as nearly so as may be
required and arranged.
For this
Figures 4 and 5 represent side and end elevations respectively of a detached
weighted link E having an adjustment so that the centre of gravity o may be
altered in height and distance from its centres of attachment b and c.
purpose the arms of the weighted links have slots in them, as shown, to receive the
shouldered ends of the joint pins b and c, which are securely locked in any required
position by the screws and nuts & and e, thus giving a means of altering the
stability of the governor. It is also evident that the same effect. can be produced
by the use of eccentric joint pins.
Figures 6 and 7 show another modification for effecting the same purpose. The
arms of the weighted links by which they are attached to the joints b and c being
made loose and provided with slots in their outer ends, a bolt & passing through them
and the central weight E to hold them in position and form a compound weighted.
link, adjustable both as to the position of its centre of gravity and the length and
angular position of its arms.
Figures 8 and 9 show inside and end elevation, a modification of our Invention
applied to that class of governor in which the pendulums are jointed to and move
in an axial direction with the sliding sleeve or collar. In this case we use similar
weighted links E and E, as before described, having one arm jointed at b and b' to
the pendulums A and A', and the other jointed at e and c¹ to a fixed point on tho
rovolving axis S. The pendulums A and A' are jointed at a and a¹ to the sliding
sleeve or collar D and move in an axial direction with it. In this case, as the
centres of gravity o and o' of the links E and E¹ traverse through a much larger
angle, it is preferable to reduce their weight, using them more as auxiliary to and
in conjunction with the sliding weight or spring G on the axis S, so that the
centrifugal force of the links only is used to balance the increased centrifugal force
of the pendulums A and A' as they open wider, so keeping the governor always in
equilibrium.

page_text: Figures 10 and 11 show in side and end elevations, another modification of our
Invention applied to that class of governor in which the inner ends of the pendulum
arms rest directly upon the head of the spindle or axis as a fulcrum, and move
together with the sliding sleeve or collar in an axial direction. In applying our
improvements to this description of governor we use weighted links E and E, but
having only one arm each, which are jointed to the sliding sleeve or collar D at c
and c. The pendulums A and A' are also jointed to the sliding sleeve or collar D
at the point a and a¹ in the ordinary manner, and in addition are provided at d
and d' with friction rollers or studs upon which the links E and E¹ rest by means
of guides e and e¹. As the pendulums A and A¹ open under centrifugal force they
lift the sliding sleeve or collar D together with the links E and E¹ against the
force of gravity in the ordinary manner, but at the same time the friction rollers d
and d on the pendulum arms traversing the guides e and e¹ on the weighted links
raise their centres of gravity o and o' with regard to their points of attachment c
and c¹ to the sliding sleeve or collar D to the position shown in dotted lines on the
left hand side of Figure 10 at o", so that the centrifugal force of the weighted links
comes into action to counterbalance the increased centrifugal force of the pendulums
as they open wider, as before described.
The guides e and e¹ and the friction rollers d and d' may be replaced by small
links g, as shown on the right hand side of Figure 10, one end being jointed
at h to the weighted link, and the other to a point k on the pendulum arm near its
attachment to the sliding sleeve.
Having now described our Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
carried into effect, what we claim as our Invention is the construction and com-
bination of governors with weighted links for counterbalancing the same, substan-
tially and for the purpose as shown and described, or any mere modification
thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Thomas Allcock, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
ARTHUR THOMAS ALLCOCK, (L.S.)