Improved Means and Appliances for Preventing the Bursting of Pipes from Frost.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1894
TRUVIDIONAL STUITIVATION.
Improved Means and Appliances for Preventing the Bursting of
Pipes from Frost.
We, CECIL HENRY FITZMAURICE of Liddell House, Hull, Engineer, and.
ROBERT MAXWELL FABRIS, of 50 Gresham Street, City of London, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for object to prevent pipes bursting from the action of frost.
To carry our invention into practice, we employ a small india rubber tube within
that part of, say, a lead pipe most exposed and liable to frost, which tube becomes
compressed, and compensates for the expansion of the water and so saves the pipe
and keeps it intact.
The rubber tube can be of any length and be held centrally by skeleton washers,
and we prefer to close the ends of the tube by plugs to preserve its rodundity, or a
rib can be cast or drawn on the inner surface of the pipe for the tube to rest upon.
The invention is specially intended for house pipes.
Dated this 10th day of the 1902
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London, :
Agent for the said
Cecil Henry Fitzmaurice and Robert Maxwell Fabris.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London, :
Agent for the said
Cecil Henry Fitzmaurice and Robert Maxwell Fabris.
Improved Means and Appliances for Preventing the Bursting of
Pipes from Frost.
We, CECIL HENRY FITZMAURICE, of Liddell House, Hull, Engineer and
ROBERT MAXWELL FABRIS, of 50 Gresham Street, City of London, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has for object, to prevent pipes bursting from the action of frost.
To carry our invention into practice, we employ a small india rubber tube, or
bag within that part of say, a lead pipe most exposed, and liable to frost, which
tube, or bag becomes compressed and compensates for the expansion of the water,
and so saves the pipe, and keeps it intact. The rubber tube can be of any length,
and be held centrally by skeleton washers, and we prefer to close the ends of the
tube by plugs to preserve its rodundity, or a rib can be cast or drawn on the inner
surface of the pipe for the tube to rest upon, or the tube may have projections upon
it, so as to be held, or supported centrally in the water pipe.
The invention is specially intended for house pipes.
The annexed drawings represent several examples of the application of our
invention.
According to Figure 1, the rubber tube A is shown with its ends B closed, and
simply laying in a pipe C.
Figure 2 shows the rubber tube A with its ends B closed, and held at its ends B
by skeleton washers D, see also end view, Figure 3. Instead of employing the
skeleton washers D, the rubber tube may be held centrally in the pipe C by projections
EDOJ 7

page_text: or legs E moulded on, or affixed to the rubber tube A as at the end view, Figure 4,
or the projections or legs E may be made of metal, and connected by a bridge for
the rubber tube A to rest upon.
According to Figure 5, the rubber tube A is intended to run the whole length of
the pipe or pipes, and may have its ends closed, as at Figures 1 or 2.
Figure 6 shows the pipe C as having an enlarged portion at F for containing a
rubber bag or pad A, so as not to interfere with the flow of water through the
pipe, and yet to take up the expansion of the water during frost and prevent the
bursting of the pipe.
Figure 7 shows a rubber ring shaped bag A. contained. within enlarged ends of
two adjoining pipes C.
Figure 8 represents a series of hollow rings A arranged side by side within an
enlarged end of one pipe C, these being held in place by the end of the adjoining
pipe.
According to Figure 9, we make a hole in the pipe C and arrange a flange G
for containing the rubber bag A this being held in place with one end slightly
projecting into the tube C, by the screw cap H.
Figure 10 shows the rubber tube A with open cuds and secured, or otherwise
held in the tube C by ferrule, or ring I. The water in this case flows through
the rubber tube, and in case of frost, the water on expanding enlarges the rubber
tube A instead of compressing it, a space being left between the rubber tube A
and pipe C for that purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1. The improved means and appliances for preventing the bursting of pipes from
frost, substantially as hereinbefore described and set forth.
2. The combination with a water pipe, or pipes, of one or more rubber tubes,
bags, hollow rings, or their equivalents for preventing the pipe or pipes from
bursting during frost.
The 16th day of December 1902
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said
Cecil Henry Fitzmaurice and Robert Maxwell Fabris.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said
Cecil Henry Fitzmaurice and Robert Maxwell Fabris.