IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS, GIVING AT THE SAME TIME PERFECT VENTILATION FOR HOUSES, SHIPS' LANTERNS, AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine Papier, late Staff
Captain, now Civil Engineer, Knight of the Imperial Order of
Guadalupe, of Minories, Aldgate, in the City of London, for the
Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY
CHIMNEYS, GIVING AT THE SAME TIME PERFECT VENTILATION FOR HOUSES,
SHIPS' LANTERNS, AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 20th May 1873, and dated the 23rd November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Baptiste Charles
Antoine Papier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 23rd November 1872.
I, JEAN BAPTISTE CHARLES ANTOINE PAPIER, late Staff Captain, now
Civil Engineer, Knight of the Imperial Order of Guadalupe, of Minories,
Aldgate, in the Oity of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS,
GIVING AT THE SAME TIME PERFECT VENTILATION FOR HOUSES, SHIPS' LANTERNS,
AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS," to be as follows :—
- ----
-
This Invention relates to certain improvements on a former Invention
for which Letters Patent were applied for by me, the said Jean Baptiste

page_text: Papier on the 2nd day of November, A.D. 1871, Numbered 2941, for
"The Prevention of Smoky Chimneys, giving at the same time Perfect
Ventilation for Houses, Ships' Lanterns, Public Buildings, Infallible,"
and this present Invention is based on the principle set forth in the
Specification of the said former Invention, namely, causing a downward
current of atmospheric air in a chimney to produce an upward current
of air in such said chimney to effect the ascent of smoke and gases, and
thereby to prevent the chimney from smoking into the room in which
the fire-place of the chimney is situated.
And the improvements which constitute this present Invention consist
in constructing apparatus for effecting the above object, and also for
ventilating buildings in the following manner :-I make two parallel
casings of metal either in the form of prisms or cylinders. The outer
casing, which is about three feet long, is fixed to the inner casing by
partition pieces so as to leave chambers between the two casings for the
entrance and passage of atmospheric air to the inside of the aforesaid
inner casing. The upper end of the inner casing is formed enlarged in
diameter, and is bevilled upwards and outwards at the under side of such
enlarged part, and the upper edge of this said part is notched out for
cutting the air or wind into films. The upper edge of the aforesaid
⚫ outer casing is bent or turned downwards and outwards so as to form a
series of funnel-shaped mouths for the entrance of atmospheric air into
the before mentioned chambers between the two casings. I also form
openings in the inner casing, in which I fix the lower edge of the outer
casing, which is turned or bent up in an angular direction for the passage
of the external air in an upward direction in the inner casing, the effect
of which is to carry off the smoke therein. The top of the inner casing
I fit with a bonnet or a rotating cowl of the ordinary kind. The afore-
said inner casing, which is longer than the outer casing, is bedded on to
the brickwork of a chimney or flue.
Another form of construction of apparatus for the above mentioned
purpose consists of a T shaped tube or cowl, the horizontal part of which
is very much larger than the vertical part or tube which descends some
distance down the casing which contains it. I also turn up or bend the
lower end of this last mentioned tube in angles as before described, and
support the said tube on a glass ball and socket or steel point, and a
piece of glass to prevent corrosion and friction at such part; or instead

page_text: of bending or turning up the bottom of the tube the bottom end of the
tube may be left straight and dip in a small box or vessel formed with a
dished angular bottom somewhat like the letter U.
This last form of apparatus will be found well adapted for the
chimneys of houses contiguous to or surrounded by considerably taller
houses.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine Papier in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd May 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
BAPTISTE CHARLES ANTOINE PAPIER, late Staff Captain, now Civil
Engineer, Knight of the Imperial Order of Gaudalupe, of Minories,
Aldgate, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine Papier,
Her special licence that I, the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine
Papier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine Papier, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS, GIVING AT THE SAME TIME PERFECT
VENTILATION FOR HOUSES, SHIPS' LANTERNS, AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine
Papier, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly

page_text: describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and im-
mediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine
Papier, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:—
This Invention relates to certain improvements on a former Invention
for which Letters Patent were applied for by me, the said Jean Baptiste
Charles Antoine Papier on the 2nd day of November, A.D. 1871,
Numbered 2941, for "The Prevention of Smoky Chimneys, giving at
the same time Perfect Ventilation for Houses, Ships' Lanterns, Public
Buildings, Infallible." And this present Invention is based on the
principle set forth in the Specification of the said former Invention,
namely, causing a downward current of atmospheric air in a chimney to
produce an upward current of air in such said chimney to effect the
ascent of smoke and gases, and thereby to prevent the chimney from
smoking into the room in which the fire-place of the chimney is
situated.
And the improvements which constitute this present Invention consist
in constructing apparatus for effecting the above object, and also for
ventilating buildings in the following manner :-I make two parallel
casings of metal either in the form of prisms or cylinders. The outer
casing, which is about three feet long is fixed to the inner casing by
partition pieces, so as to leave chambers between the two casings for the
entrance and passage of atmospheric air to the inside of the aforesaid
inner casing. The upper end of the inner casing is formed enlarged in
diameter, and is bevilled upwards and outwards at the under side of
such enlarged part, and the upper edge of this said part is notched out
for cutting the air or wind into films.. The upper edge of the aforesaid
outer casing is bent or turned downwards and outwards so as to form a
series of funnel-shaped mouths for the entrance of atmospheric air into
the before mentioned chambers between the two casings. I also form
openings in the inner casing in which I fix the lower edge of the outer
casing, which is turned or bent up in an angular direction for the passage

page_text: of the external air in an upward direction in the inner casing, the effect
of which is to carry off the smoke therein. The top of the inner casing
I fit with a bonnet or rotating cowl of the ordinary kind. The aforesaid
inner casing, which is longer than the outer casing, is bedded on to the
brickwork of a chimney or flue. Another form. of construction of
apparatus for the above mentioned purpose consists of a T shaped tube
or cowl, the horizontal part of which is very much larger than the
vertical part or tube which descends some distance down the casing
which contains it. I also turn up or bend the lower end of this last
mentioned tube in angles as before described, and support the said tube-
on a glass ball and socket or steel point and a pièce of glass to prevent
corrosion and friction at such part; or instead of bending or turning up
the bottom of the tube the bottom end of the tube may be left straight
and dip in a small box or vessel formed with a dished angular bottom.
somewhat like the letter U.
This last form, of apparatus will be found well adapted for the chimneys
of houses contiguous to or surrounded by considerably taller houses.
Apparatus constructed as above described are well adapted for the
ventilation of buildings.
And in order to explain my said Invention more completely I now
proceed to describe the means by which it may be carried into practical
effect, reference being had to the illustrative Sheet of Drawings accom-
panying these Presents, and to the numeral figures and letters of reference
marked thereon respectively as follows :—
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of an apparatus or cowl con- .
structed according to my said Invention, adapted also for a ventilator.
Figures 2, 8, 4, represent three views of a chimney pot or apparatus for
preventing smoky chimneys, also for ventilating. Figure 2 is a side
-elevation-;-Figure 8.a..top plan-view-; and Figure 4 a transverse and
vertical. section through the line A,B,.at Figure 8. At each of the
above mentioned Figures similar letters of reference are employed to
denote corresponding parts. As regards Figure 1, A, B, mark two casings
suitably fixed together; B is a revolving cowl, the axis of which is a
rod at 0; A¹ and A³ are openings for the inlet and outlet of air.
upper opening A¹ is fixed to and moves round with the cowl B. I form-
The

page_text: the bottom of the casing A with two inclined surfaces a, a, each fixed
at an angle of 45 degrees with the horizon. The top opening A¹ I also
form at the angle 45 of degrees. By the above arrangement as the cowl
revolves by the action of the wind the air enters the opening A¹ and
passes out at the opening A', thereby causing an upward current
sufficient to carry off smoke or vitiated air as before stated.
As regards Figures 2, 3, 4, A, B, mark two casings of metal so fixed
one within the other as to leave space between them, forming six separate
chambers for the downward passage of air. The dotted lines b at
Figure 3 represent partition pieces for separating the chambers from
each other.
It will be seen upon referring to the Drawing at Figures 2 and 4 that
the apparatus is formed somewhat like a saddle at two of its sides, and
the two opposite sides communicate therewith by the inclined parts c, c,
thus leaving a clear space for a brush to pass for sweeping the chimney.
C, C, are hinged flaps placed at an angle of 45 degrees. The bottom
edge of the outer casing B is also bent at an angle of 45 degrees.
Openings 1, 2, are formed between the two casings for the passage of air
as denoted by the arrows' flight, and also for the escape of any soot that
may have lodged on the inclined bottoms of the casing. It is for this
purpose that I form the flaps C, hinged so that as the brush is passed up
in the act of sweeping the chimney the flaps O will be pushed inwards,
thereby covering the opening 1 of the inner casing and uncovering the
opening 2 of the outer casing, thus allowing any soot that may have
accumulated to fall out. The flaps are intended to assume their former
position by the action of the brush. The lines D mark the chimney and
show the position my improved apparatus would occupy therein.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of my
said Invention for "Improved Apparatus for the Prevention of Smoky
Chimneys, giving at the same time Perfect Ventilation for Houses, Ships'
Lanterns, and Public Buildings," together with the best means I am
acquainted with for effecting the same, I would remark in conclusion
that I do not intend to limit or restrict myself to constructing apparatus
of the precise shapes represented by the Drawing, but reserve the right
to make the said apparatus circular as well as rectangular, or with any
other number of sides. And I hereby declare my Invention to consist

page_text: in, and I claim constructing apparatus suitable for the prevention of
smoky chimneys and for the ventilation of houses, ships' lanterns, and
public buildings, substantially as above described with reference to the
accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine
Papier, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second
day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-three.
accompanying Drawin
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Baptiste Charles Antoine
Papier, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second
day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-three.