Improvements in Nailing Machines Аppшcable for the Manufacture of Packing Cases and the like.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Nailing Machines Аppшcable for the
Manufacture of Packing Cases and the like.
I, FREDERICK WALTER BLOOD of 3 Hamilton Square Birkenhead Packing Case
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object an improvement on my former patented
invention No. 15781 of Dec. 1st. 1884. and is designed to enable one machine to
be used for varying heights within reasonable limits so as to nail both sides to the
ends and bottom successively on one machine.
I will describe my model machine as illustrative of my invention. The table is
supported vertically by a vertical screw, and horizontally by slides or their
equivalent, so that it is not susceptible of movement except in the vertical
direction only, and in this direction is controlled by the screw. On the screw
I place a nut with convenient arms or mechanism for turning or adjusting it, and
below this nut I place a sliding bearing with trunnions and support the screw at
bottom end by an annular bearing that shall allow of any required amount of
vertical movement in the screw.
Oscillating on pivots or trunnions on a fixed support in the framework of the
machine, I place a forked lever interlocking with the trunnions of the sliding
bearing at one end, and counterweighted at the other, between the counterweight
and the fulcrum, I connect this lever with the end of a second lever or link
pivoted at the other end, and connect this lever nearer the fulcrum with the nail
punch cross head by a slotted link allowing of wide play. I also suspend a wedge
from the crosshead by a chain or rod of adjustable length capable of unlimited
upward movement, but limited in downward by a nut or other adjustable stop.
This wedge is guided between a stationary buttress and an abutment on the main
lever for raising the table.
The mode of action is as follows:-
The nut on the table screw is adjusted to the height of box required to be made.
As the nail punch crosshead rises, it draws up the wedge and levers which
depresses the main lever and table. The operator then places the timber to
be nailed into a box in position and actuates the nail driving mechanism. When
the crosshead begins to descend to drive the nails, it liberates the main lever,
which raises the sliding bearing nut and table, by the action of the counterweight

page_text: attached thereto, till the box thereon is tight against the crosshead containing the
nail holders, the wedge at the same time descending, holds the main lever and
table in place while the nails are driven, the crosshead again rises and the action
is repeated with another side and end and so on.
Now my process is seen from the above to consist in adjusting the table so as
only to fall a given distance, and allowing it to automatically tighten itself on the
timber, by means of a liberated counterweight or its equivalent, then wedging,
locking it fast in this position while the nails are being driven and then by raising
the crosshead or other mechanism working synchronously with the crosshead
successively withdrawing the wedge or locking mechanism, and lowering the
table so as to allow the timber nailed together to be withdrawn or another portion
nailed.
It will be obvious that this can be accomplished with widely differing mechanism.
Thus instead of a table screw and nut, a plain bar with holes and pegs would work,
other locking motion could be substituted for the wedge, a spring for the counter-
weight and a different arrangement of links and levers from that employed.

page_text: Manufacture of Packing Cases and the like.
I, FREDERICK WALTER BLOOD of 3 Hamilton Square, Birkenhead, Packing Case
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object an improvement on the invention described in
the specification of my former patent No 15781 of 1884, and is designed to enable
one machine to be used for nailing articles of varying heights within reasonable
limits so as to nail both sides of a box to the ends and bottom successively on one
machine.
The invention will be more fully understood by reference to the specification
and drawings of my former patents Nos 4961 of 1881 and 15781 of 1884, in
which box nailing machines of the class to which my present improvements are
applicable are fully shown and described.
The invention consists in adjusting the table of the machine so as to fall a given
distance, causing it automatically to rise and tighten itself on the timber, by means
of a liberated counterweight. or its equivalent; wedging or locking it fast in this
position while the nails are being driven, and further by raising the crosshead or
other mechanism working synchronously with the crosshead successively with-
drawing the wedge or locking mechanism, and lowering the table so as to allow the
timber nailed together to be withdrawn or another portion nailed.
The drawing annexed hereto is an end elevation of a box-nailing machine partly
in section showing the improvements, but omitting the mechanism for actuating
the machine, which may be similar to that shown and described in the specifications
of the above mentioned Letters Patent.
A is the supporting framework of the machine, B the table upon which the box
is nailed. The table B has a vertical sliding motion between uprights C, one at
each end which prevent any horizontal movement. It is supported vertically by
means of a screw D or its equivalent and its movement is regulated or controlled
thereby. The upper end d of the supporting screw D fits into a socket b under the
table B or is otherwise fitted so that the table may rest upon it. The lower end of
the screw is supported laterally by bearing E through which it is free to move
longitudinally to any extent required by the vertical movement of the table B.
The screw D thus supported will not have any horizontal movement, but a vertical
movement in the direction of its longitudinal axis. F is a nut or hand wheel with
internal screw which by being turned may be moved to any position on the
screw D. Below this and working loose on the screw is a sliding bearing or
collar G with trunnions or pivots g which fit into slides h working in the arms of
a forked lever H. When the screw D is fitted as shown with a movable adjusting
nut or hand wheel F, it should be fixed so as not to revolve in its bearings.
Instead however of moving the nut, it and the pivots g may be made in one piece,
and the height or position of them adjusted by turning the screw by a hand wheel

page_text: or other suitable means, or the collar G carrying the pivots g may be made loose on
a sleeve or elongation of F, but I prefer. the arrangement of parts shown-And
further instead of a screw and a nut sliding thereon, a spindle or bar may be used
'with holes or notches cut therein to receive a pin or its mechanical equivalent to
stop the upward movement of the sliding bearing thereon at any required position,
but I prefer a screw as being simple and being more easy of adjustment. The
lever H whose forked end engages with the pins g of the slide G is fulcrumed or
pivoted to a fixed support or shaft I carried by the framing A. At its outer end it
carries a counterweight J more than sufficient to counterbalance the weight of the
table B and its slides and supports. The size of the weight J will of course be 1
determined by the weight of the table and the length of the lever H. Between
the counterweight and the fulcrum is pivoted to the lever H a lever or link K
preferably of L shape, jointed at the centre with its other end pivoted on a fixed
pivot k. A link M is pivoted to the nail punch cross head N at n and at its other
end is provided with a slot m which engages with a pin m³ on the lever K. From
the cross head N is suspended a wedge O by means of a rod o. The length of the
rod o may be adjusted by a nut o¹ on a screw at the end, so that the position of
the wedge O, or the time at which it is raised by the upward movement of the
cross head may be adjusted. The nut o¹ being on top of the cross head a force is
not brought to bear on the rod o to force the wedge downward. The wedge passes
between the fixed or stationary buttress P on the frame, and the projection or
abutment H on the lever H. The position of the wedge O regulates or controls
the upward movement of the weighted end of the lever H.
The mode of action is as follows:-
The position or height of the table B is adjusted to the size of box to be made or
operated upon, by means of the nut F on the screw D. The table is supported by
the lever H, on the forked end of which rests the sliding bearing below the nut F
which bears the weight of the table. The forked end of the lever H is prevented
falling below a certain distance by the projection H¹ abutting against the wedge O.
The machine being set in motion, as the nail punch cross head N rises it draws up
with it the wedge O and the levers or links M and K. The rod o and link M are
so adjusted that the wedge O shall be raised before the link or lever K, thus
allowing a free upward movement for the weighted end of the lever H, when the
link K is raised. The upward movement of the lever K and the weighted end of
the lever H causes the forked end of the lever H to be lowered and with it the
table B which is supported thereon. The operator then places the timber to be
nailed into a box in position on the table B. When the cross head carrying the
nail puncher Q begins to descend to drive the nails, it liberates the lever H, the
counterweight on which, causes the forked end to rise carrying the sliding bearing
nut and table upward till the box thereon is tight against the crosshead R
containing the nail holders S, the wedge O during the same time descends, holds
the lever Hand table B firmly in place, while the nails are driven, the cross head
then again rises and the action is repeated with another side and end and so on.
It is obvious that the similar movements in the machine and similar results may
be obtained by other mechanism, the mechanical equivalent of which has been
described. Thus instead of a screw and nut to support the table, a plain bar with
holes or notches and pegs would work, other locking motion could be substituted
for the wedge, such as a pawl engaging with a rack, a spring for the counterweight,
and a different arrangement of links and levers from that shown. Or instead of
links or levers to raise the weighted end of the lever H, or to raise the wedge or
locking device, a cam might be used in each instance, which would raise the lever
or wedge the required distance at the proper time allowing them to return by
their own weight or by the action of a spring. A shaft carrying one or more cams
could readily be placed below the lever and the locking device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be

page_text: understood that I do not claim broadly the mechanical adjusting of the height of
the table, and alternately raising and lowering of same, as I have already described
mechanism for doing so in the specification of my former patent No 15781 of 1884,
but what I claim is:-
1st. The improvement in nailing machines which consists in the combination of
a counter-weighted table and a wedging or locking device both of them linked to
or intermittently actuated from the nailing crosshead or other mechanism working
synchronously with it and the table so arranged as to fall a given distance for the
timber to be placed thereon, and then to automatically rise and tighten itself on
the timber, and be wedged or locked in this position before the nailing takes place
whereby several different thicknesses can be nailed successively on one machine
without hand readjustment.
2nd. The vertically moving table supported by a counterweight or its equivalent
exerting greater power than the weight of the table when in action, but so con-
nected with the crosshead or other moving part that its force shall no longer be
exerted on the table when the crosshead rises above a given point, whereby the
table will automatically fall as the cross head rises.
3rd. In a nailing machine the combination with the table of a vertical screw or
its equivalent free to move longitudinally, having a movable support thereon
engaging with a pivoted lever for the purpose of adjusting the height of the table,
substantially as described.
4th. A nailing machine with mechanism for adjusting the height of the table,
and alternately raising and lowering. it, and securely holding it in position during
the operation of nailing, substantially as described and shown.