IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Thomas Cheetham, Patent Agent, of 18, Saint
Ann's Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOL, AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS." A communication from abroad by John
Konshin and William Charnock, of Serpokoff, near Moscow, in the Empire of
Russia.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Thomas Cheetham
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th November 1881.
WILLIAM THOMAS CHEETHAM, Patent Agent, of 18, Saint Ann's Street,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS." [A communi-
cation from abroad by John Konshin and William Charnock, of Serpokoff, near.
Moscow, in the Empire of Russia.]
"
This Invention relates to carding engines, and consists in arrangements whereby
the motion of the doffer and feed rollers may be arrested should the "taker in
roller or doffing comb become from any cause stopped while the main cylinder of
the carding engine is in motion.
The above object is accomplished by an arrangement of mechanism acting upon
one of the wheels ordinarily used for transmitting rotatory motion from the main
cylinder to the doffer, such wheel being as usual mounted upon a stud carried by
the framework of the carding engine, upon which stud it is capable of being slidden
endways so as to pass in or out of gear with the wheel from which it receives or to
which it transmits motion for the purpose of arresting the motion of the doffer.
Within or upon the boss of the before named wheel a cam is formed, such cam
as it rotates acting upon a pin carried by a lever so as to cause the said lever to
vibrate to and fro, one end of such lever being jointed to a bracket secured to the
framework of the carding engine.
Carried by the before named bracket are shafts or studs, upon which are
mounted too ratchet wheels, one of such wheels being driven by means of a worm

page_text: wheel and endless band or strap from the "taker in," the other ratchet wheel
above referred to being driven by means of an endless band or strap and worm
wheel from the shaft actuating the doffing comb. Upon the shafts carrying the
above named ratchet wheels are mounted levers capable of oscillation thereon, such
levers being provided with pawls or clicks capable of taking into the teeth of the
ratchet wheels aforesaid. The before named levers carrying the pawls or clicks
are connected by means of a connecting-rod jointed at one end to the levers
carrying the pawls or clicks, and at its other end jointed to the before-named lever,
the projecting stud of which is acted upon by the previously mentioned cam.
or the
As the before named cam rotates the lever above referred to, and the levers
carrying the pawls or clicks, will be caused to oscillate and to carry the said pawls
or clicks to and fro upon the teeth of the ratchet-wheels before named; but so long
as the said ratchet wheels are rotated at a certain speed by the "taker in
shaft actuating the doffing comb, the aforesaid pawls or clicks are at liberty to be
vibrated to-and-fro upon the teeth of the aforesaid ratchet-wheels; but upon the
"taker in " or the shaft actuating the doffing comb rotating below a desired speed
or becoming stopped, the clicks aforesaid will pass into the teeth of one or other
of the aforesaid ratchet wheels, which then acting as an abutment will prevent
the lever before named from being vibrated by the cam before referred to, which
will cause the wheel upon the boss of which the said cam is formed to be with-
drawn out of gear with the wheel by which it transmits motion from the main
cylinder to the doffer, the motion of the doffer and feed rollers becoming thereby
arrested.
7

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Thomas Cheetham in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th May 1882.
"
WILLIAM THOMAS CHEETHAM, Patent Agent, of 18, Saint Ann's Street,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS." A communi-
cation from abroad by John Konshin and William Charnock, of Serpokoff, near
Moscow, in the Empire of Russia.
This Invention relates to carding engines, and consists in arrangements whereby
the motion of the doffer and feed rollers may be arrested should the "taker-in
roller or doffing comb become from any cause stopped while the main cylinder of
the carding engine is in motion.
The above object is accomplished by an arrangement of mechanism acting upon
one of the wheels ordinarily used for transmitting rotatory motion from the main
cylinder to the doffer, such wheel being as usual mounted upon a stud carried by
the framework of the carding engine, upon which stud it is capable of being slidden
endways so as to pass in or out of gear with the wheel from which it receives or
to which it transmits motion for the purpose of arresting the motion of the doffer.
Within or upon the boss of the before named wheel a cam is formed, such cam
-as-it-rotates-acting-upon-a-pin-carried-by-a-lever so-as-to-cause the said lever to
vibrate to and fro, one end of such lever being jointed to a bracket secured to the
framework of the carding engine.
Carried by the before named bracket are shafts or studs, upon which are mounted
two ratchet wheels, one of such wheels being driven by means of a worm wheel
and endless band or strap from the "taker in," the other ratchet wheel above
referred to being driven by means of an endless band or strap and worm wheel
from the shaft actuating the doffing comb. Upon the shafts carrying the above
named ratchet wheels are mounted levers capable of oscillation thereon, such levers
being provided with pawls or clicks capable of taking into the teeth of the ratchet
wheels aforesaid. The before-named levers carrying the pawls or clicks are con-
nected by means of a connecting rod jointed at one end to the levers carrying the
pawls or clicks, and at its other end jointed to the before named lever, the
projecting stud of which is acted upon by the previously mentioned cam.
"
As the before named cam rotates the lever above referred to, and the levers
carrying the pawls or clicks, will be caused to oscillate and to carry the said pawls
or clicks to and fro upon the teeth of the ratchet wheels before named; but so long
as the said ratchet wheels are rotated at a certain speed by the "taker in " or the
shaft actuating the doffing comb, the aforesaid pawls or clicks are at liberty to be
vibrated to and fro upon the teeth of the aforesaid ratchet wheels; but upon the
"taker in or the shaft actuating the doffing comb rotating below a desired speed
or becoming stopped, the clicks aforesaid will pass into the teeth of one or other of
the aforesaid ratchet wheels, which then acting as an abutment will prevent the
lever before named from being vibrated by the cam before referred to, which will
cause the wheel upon the boss of which the said cam is formed to be withdrawn
out of gear with the wheel, by which it transmits motion from the main cylinder
to the doffer, the motion of the doffer and feed rollers becoming thereby arrested.
In order that this Invention may be better understood and more readily carried
into effect, the same will now be described, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawing.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a carding engine; Fig. 2, an end view
thereof when looking towards the right hand of the Drawing, those parts only

page_text: being shown which are requisite to illustrate the Invention; and Fig. 3 is a plan
of Fig. 1, with certain parts omitted to avoid confusion of lines.
At 3 is one side frame which supports one end of the main cylinder 4, "taker
in" 5, and doffer 6. At 7 is one end pedestal carrying the doffing comb 8 actuated
by the shaft 9 in the usual manner.
To the side frame 3 of the carding engine a bracket 10 is attached by bolts 11.
To the bracket 10 by means of bolts 12, 13, 12, 13*, are secured other
brackets 14, 15, provided with caps 16, 17, 16, 17*, which support short
shafts 18, 19, capable of being rotated therein. Upon one end of the short shaft 18
mounted fast thereon is a pulley 20 driven by means of an endless band 21 which
passes around a pulley 22 mounted fast upon the shaft 9, actuating the doffing
comb 8. Upon the short shaft 18, and fast therewith, is a worm 24 taking into the
teeth of the worm wheel 25, mounted fast upon a short shaft 26 capable of
revolving within a bearing formed on the upper part of the bracket 10 at the
opposite end of the short shaft 26, and fast therewith is mounted a wheel 27
provided with ratchet teeth.
The boss of the worm 24 passing between the parts of the bracket 10 forming
the bearings of the short shaft 18, and which retain the said short shaft 18 in
position longitudinally.
The short shaft 26 is prevented from moving. longitudinally by the bosses of the
wheels 25, 27. Upon one end of the short shaft 19, and fast therewith, is a
pulley 30, driven by means of an endless band 31, which passes around a pulley 32
mounted fast upon one end of the axle 5* of the taker in 5.
Fast upon the short shaft 19 is a worm 33, taking into the teeth of a worm
wheel 34, mounted fast upon a short shaft 35 capable of being revolved within a
bearing 36 formed in the bracket 10, and upon the shaft 35 is mounted a wheel 37,
its circumference being provided with ratchet teeth. This shaft 35 is retained
from moving longitudinally by the bosses of the wheels 34, 37, which act as
collars, against the part of the bracket 10, within which the shafts 26, 35, revolve.
The ends of the boss of the worm 24 acting against the parts of the bracket 14,
within which the shaft 18 revolves, serve to prevent the short shaft 18 from moving
longitudinally in its bearings. Extending downward from the bracket 10 are
parts 38, 39, within which, and capable of being oscillated therein, is a stud 40,
upon which is mounted a lever 41. Upon an extended part of one of the short
shafts 26, and capable of oscillating thereon, is a lever 42, passing through the
upper end of which is a pin 43, mounted upon which and capable of being turned
thereon are two clicks or pawls 44, 45, capable at certain times, to be hereafter
pointed out, of engaging respectively into the teeth of the ratchet wheels 27, 37.
To the lever 42 is jointed one end of a link 46 by means of a pin 47, the other
end being jointed to the lever 41 by means of a pin 48.
Upon the axis 4x of the main cylinder 4 is the usual pinion 49 gearing into the
teeth of a wheel 50 capable of being revolved upon a stud 51 carried by a
bracket 52 secured to the side framing 3. The wheel 50 gears into a toothed
wheel 54 capable of being rotated upon a stud 55 secured by means of a nut 56
screwed thereon to the bracket 57 bolted to the side frame 3. Upon the boss 58
formed upon the wheel 54, so as to revolve therewith, is a pinion 59 gearing into
toothed wheel 60 mounted fast upon the axle 6* of the doffer 6. The pinion 49,
wheels 50 and 54, pinion 59, and wheel 60 form the train of wheels ordinarily used
for transmitting rotatory motion from the main cylinder to the doffer of carding
engines. The wheel 54 with its pinion 59 are mounted upon the stud 55 so as to
be capable of being moved longitudinally thereon.
Within the boss 54* formed upon the front of the wheel 54 is formed an annular
inclined groove or cam 61, within which is a bowl or roller 62 mounted so as to
be capable of being rotated upon a stud 63 secured to a bracket 64 projecting from
the lever 41, being secured thereto by the bolt and nut 65.
The action of the various parts above described is as follows:-
In the position of the parts, as shown in the Drawing, the ratchet wheel 27 is

page_text: receiving rotatory motion in the direction of the arrow A from the shaft 9,
actuating the doffing comb 8 by means of the endless band 21, pulley 20, short
shaft 18, worm 24, worm wheel 25, and shaft 26. The ratchet wheel 37 is also
receiving rotatory motion in the direction of the arrow A from the axle 5* of the
taker in 5 by means of the endless band 31, pulley 30, short shaft 19, worm 33,
the worm wheel 34, and short shaft 35.
"
"
The rotation of the grooved cam 61 will oscillate the lever, 41 upon the stud 40;
when the lever 41 is being oscillated by the cain 61 in the direction of the
arrow B, the pawl or click 44 will slide over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 27, the
click 45 also sliding over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 37. The ratchet wheels
37, 27, are rotated in the direction of the arrow A with a velocity sufficient to
exceed that of the pawls or clicks 44, 45, when the lever 42 upon which they are
carried is oscillated in a direction opposite to that of the arrows B by the rotation
of the cam 61, which acts upon the lever 42 by means of the lever 41, bowl or
roller 62, and link 46, so long as the ratchet wheels 37, 27, continue to rotate, as
above described, the lever 42 will be free to be oscillated to and fro by the rotation
of the grooved cam 61; but supposing that from any cause that the shaft 9 which
actuates the doffing comb 8 ceases to rotate, the ratchet wheel 27 will no longer be
rotated, and as soon as the lever 42 commences to traverse in a direction opposite
to that of the arrow B the pawl or click 44 arrives against one of the teeth of the
ratchet wheel 27 which will then act as an abutinent, and the motion of the
lever 41 will be arrested; the bowl 62 within the grooved cam 61 now acting as a
fixed stu. will, owing to the continued rotation of the wheels 54, cause the wheels
54, 59, toe slidden longitudinally upon the stud 55, thereby causing the teeth of
the wheel to pass from gear with those of the wheel 50 from which it receives
rotatory mo on, thereby arresting the motion of the doffer 6 and the feed rollers
65, 66, for su, lying material to the taker in 5. When the shaft 9 actuating the
doffing comb is again caused to rotate at its proper speed the lever 41, is thrust
by means of th handle 41* in a direction opposite to that of the arrow B, when
the wheel 54 al wheel 50 will again pass into gear so as to impart rotatory
motion to the doff 6 and feed rollers 65, 66. In case of the "taker in" 5 becoming
stopped from any ause, the rotatory motion of the ratchet wheel 37 will become
arrested, when the click or pawl 45 arriving against the teeth of the ratchet
wheel 37 will cause the bowl or roller 62 to act as a fixed stud so as to cause the
rotation of the cam 61 to withdraw the wheel 54 from gear with the wheel 50,
thereby arresting the motion of the doffer 6 and feed rollers 65, 66, as previously
described. When the "taker in" 5 again revolves with its proper velocity the
wheels 50, 54, may be placed into gear by means of the handle 41*, as before
described.
The arresting of the motion of the doffer 6 and feed rollers 65, 66, have been
referred to as consequent upon the stoppage of either the taker in 5 or the doffing
comb 8, but should the speed of either of the ratchet wheels 37, 27, become slower
than that of the clicks 44, 45, when moving in a direction opposite to that of the
arrow B, the rotation of the cam 61 will cause the wheel 54 to pass from gear
with the wheel 50, and thereby arrest the rotation of the doffer 6 and feed rollers
65, 66. The slot 57× within the bracket 57 which carries the stud 55, upon which
are mounted the wheels 54, 59, is made of a curved form, so that the wheel 59 may
be replaced with one of greater or less diameter without having to replace the
wheels 50, 54, by others of different diameters, as will be well understood, and to
enable the bowl 62 to be readily adjusted relatively to the grooved cam 61 when
wheels of larger or smaller diameter are substituted for the wheel 59; the upper
part of the lever 41 upon which the bracket 64 is mounted is cranked or bent so
as to be parallel or nearly so to the slot 57*, thereby enabling the bowl 62 to
be readily placed in the position suiting the raised or lowered situation of the
stud 55 in the slot 57*.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I claim
as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent,―
The combined use of the inclined cam 61, levers 41, 47, pawls or clicks 44, 45,
and ratchet wheels 37, 27, for drawing the wheel 54 out of gear with the
wbeel 50, substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore shown and
described.
T
In witness whereof, I, the said William Thomas Cheetham, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
WILLIAM THOMAS CHEETHAM. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within named William Thomas
Cheetham in the presence of
HOWARD CHEETHAM,
Assistant to the said William Thomas Cheetham.