IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Pickstone, of Radcliffe, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, and John Booth, of Pilkington, in the County
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Pickstone and
John Booth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 30th December 1853.
I, WILLIAM PICKSTONE, of Radcliffe, in the County of Lancaster, Manufac-
turer, and JOHN BOOTH, of Pilkington, in the County of Lancaster, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to rising box looms, and consists in the appli-
cation of a chain provided with tappets to the purpose of governing the action
of the picking motion.
To illustrate this we will suppose the loom to be provided with a rising box
at either side, and that the shuttles are propelled by the arrival of one arm of a
bell crank lever in contact with the end of a bar mounted so as to be capable
of being moved up or down; this bar is raised or lowered by the links of the
chain, so as to cause the picking action to take place or not, as may be desired,

page_text: and as there is an apparatus as described at either side of the loom, we
can work "pick and pick," or several picks following from one side, according
to the pattern required.
Secondly, our Invention consists in a particular description of cam for
producing the same effect. The tappets now usually employed are so arranged
as to work "pick and pick" according to our improvement. We make them
of larger diameter, and divide their periphery into several portions, either loose
in segmental pieces, so as to be adjusted at pleasure, or fixed, each portion in
its rotary motion corresponding to a pick of the loom. These portions are
provided with two elevations, as now practised, but instead of being alternately
disposed, are so arranged as to cause two or more picks to take place from one
side of the loom consecutively when desired.
Thirdly, our Invention relates to a method of causing the ordinary "pick
and pick" motion to take place in looms which have a rising box at either
side, and consists in the use of the, arrangement mentioned as an example
in reference to the first part of our improvements, excepting in this, that for
our present purpose we employ the ordinary cam to raise or lower the stop
against which the bell crank lever arrives in contact.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Pickstone and John Booth in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th June 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
PICKSTONE, of Radcliffe, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, and JOHN
BOOTH, of Pilkington, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for, Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Pickstone and John Booth, Her especial licence that we, the said
William Pickstone and John Booth, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said William Pickstone and John Booth, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,

page_text: an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said William Pickstone and John Booth, or
one of us; by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent...
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Pickstone, do, hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed. to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawing, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to rising box looms, and consists, firstly, in the appli-
cation of a chain provided with tappets to the purpose of governing the action.
of the picking motion; whereby we are enabled to work "pick and pick," or
several picks following from one side, according to the pattern required.
Secondly, in a particular description of cam for producing the same effect.
Thirdly, in a method of causing the ordinary "pick and pick "motion to
take place in looms which have a rising box at either side. And in order that
our Invention may be fully understood we have appended to this our Specifica-
tion a Sheet-of Drawings, which I will now, proceed to describe!* Fig. 1 repre-
sents a cross section of a loom constructed according to our first improvement;
and Fig. 2 is a partial plan view thereof; in this only one end of the machine
is shewn, as being sufficient for the explanation of our Invention; it being under-
stood that a rising box is adapted at either side after the usual manner. .At a
is the shaft upon which the ordinary chains are mounted: for raising and
lowering the shuttle boxes 6; this shaft, is caused to revolve. through the agency
of the usual star wheel c, driven from the crank shaft by gearing d., . Upon the
shaft a--is also mounted an endless chain e, formed of links. of two elevations,
and caused to revolve by means of a toothed roller. f acting upon pins which
unite the links; as this chain revolves its prominences act consecutively upon a
bowl g, mounted upon a, lever h,, turning onia fixed: centre h", and carrying at
its outward end a rod i! The lower part of this rod is jointed to an arm j, fast
upon a shaft k, which is mounted so as to vibrate in bearings carried by the
stationary frame work; the shaft k, extends to the other side of the loom, and
is there provided with another arm similar to that shewn at j, but fastened upon
it at another angle, so as to occupy the position shewn by the dotted lines l.
To the lathe sword is attached a bracket,m, upon a.centre, in which is mounted
a bell crank, lever n, n*, the end n of which is connected by a strap to the

page_text: picking stick, and there is a similar arrangement at the other side of the loom.
According to the position shewn in the Drawing, the chain e has raised the
lever h, so as to bring the arm opposite to the bell crank lever n. The vibra-
tion of the lathe will therefore bring the latter into contact with the former,
and the pick will be effected as usual, and if it be desired that several picks shall
take place from the same side of the loom, the links e will be so arranged as to
keep the arm in its elevated position; if however, according to the pattern"
to be woven, a pick from the other side be required, then the chain e will have
been so arranged as regards its links that the bowl g will be allowed to drop,
and permit the shaft k to turn upon its centre, by which motion the arm / at
the other side of the loom will arrive opposite to a bell crank lever there
situate, similar to that shewn at n, and the vibration of the lathe will now cause
the picking to take place from the shuttle box at the other side; during which
time the arm j will have fallen below the lever n, so as to be free of its line of
motion. The rising boxes are of course regulated in their motions as usual, so
as to agree with the above-described operations. By this arrangement it will
be perceived that we can work "pick and pick," if desired, or several picks
following from one side of the loom.
Our second improvement is shewn at Fig. 3. The tappets usually employed
for regulating the picking motion are so arranged as to work "pick and pick;"
only according to our improvement we make them of larger diameter, and
divide their peripheries into several portions, each one in its rotatory motion
corresponding to a pick of the loom. These portions are formed of two ele-
vations as now practised, but instead of being alternately disposed are so
arranged as to cause two or more picks to take place from one side of the
loom, when desired. In Fig. 3, the cam is shewn made up of a number of
segments o, provided with bolt holes p, by which they are attached to a back
plate; the cam so formed may be mounted upon the shaft a, Fig. 1, and will
there operate after the manner described in reference to the chain e. I have
described this part of our improvements as consisting in a number of loose
segmental pieces, which construction is convenient for the purpose of re-
arrangement to suit changes of patterns; if desired, however, the cam may
be made in one piece.
Fig. 4 represents in detached view the third part of our improvements."
Upon the shaft a, referred to in Fig. 1, we place a tappet 9, of the usual con-
struction for working "pick and pick," the revolution of which will raise or
depress the arm j, and also that at the other side of the loom, as already
described, whereby the required "pick and pick "action will be attained.

page_text: Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that we claim as secured to us under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,-
Firstly, the use of a chain provided with tappets for the purpose of govern-
ing the action of the picking motion.
Secondly, for the like purpose, the use of a cam in segmental parts or in
one piece, so formed as to cause two or more picks to take place from one side
of the loom, when desired.
Thirdly, the arrangement of parts described in reference to Fig. 4.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Pickstone, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
TUM
DIATE GRAN
YY
PICKSTONE. (L.S.)