matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED SURFACE CONDENSER FOR STEAM ENGINES AND DISTILLING APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Everden Wimshurst at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1879.
EVERDEN WIMSHURST, of Campbell Road, Bow, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED SURFACE CONDENSER FOR STEAM ENGINES AND
DISTILLING APPARATUS."
My Invention relates to a new or improved surface condenser to be used for
condensing purposes in marine steam engines, and for distilling purposes on board
ship.
It consists of one or more casings or jackets made of cast iron, wrought iron, or
other metal attached to or built up with the side of a ship below the water line and
in any suitable position so that the water on the outside of the ship is in contact
therewith.
In this casing or jacket are fixed a series of plates of any desired shape and
size and arranged either longitudinally, transversely, vertically, or inclined.
Steam being admitted at either end or other convenient part of the casing or
jacket it passes over and about the series of plates and is thereby condensed, the
condensed water being withdrawn from the casing or jacket by a pump or simply
allowed to run out according to the use to which it is applied.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SHARPENING OR GRINDING THE TEETH OF CARDS USED IN CARDING AND SCRIBBLING ENGINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Adrien Bonneville at the
Office of the Commmissioners of Patents on the 6th October 1879. A
communication by Frédéric Lemeé, of Rouen, France.
HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18,
Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 5, Piccadilly, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SHARPENING
OR GRINDING THE TEETH OF CARDS USED IN CARDING AND SCRIBBLING ENGINES."
A communication by Frédéric Lemeé, of Rouen, Franco.
The Invention relates to avoiding the damage caused to the packing of cards
used in carding machines owing to the present manner of grinding the wires on
rigid surfaces, and consists in applying the emery on flexible or elastic surfaces
which can reach all the teeth and sharpen them without wearing out the packing,
and allows of using any kind of wire to make it; for this purpose on one side, and
in front of the drum of the machine the card of which is to be sharpened, is placed
a straight brush fixed on the frame of the machine and provided with bunches of
bristles, at the end of which the emery is put on about one fifth of an inch in thickness,
and on the other side and in front of the drum is also placed a roller, the
circumference of which is covered with a brush-band with spaces left between, the
bunches of bristles, on which are also laid on with a coating of emery. The said
brush-roller mounted on an axis, to which a rotary motion is communicated from
the shaft of the drum by means of pullies and a belt, revolves conjointly with the
said drum, and by this rotary motion the card-teeth are sharpened by the straight
brush and the circular brush without being damaged.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINTS OR FASTENINGS OF STRAPS OR BELTS FOR MACHINERY AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bernard Peard Walker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1879.
BERNARD PEARD WALKER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINTS OR FASTENINGS OF STRAPS OR BELTS FOR
MACHINERY AND OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to joints or fastenings for the ends of straps or belts used
in driving machinery, and for other purposes.
In carrying out my Invention I employ plates of sheet metal, from the surface of
which project teeth, hooks, or pointed rivets, formed from the substance of the plate
by cutting through it so as to partially detach and bend up to, say,
about right
angles with the surface of the plate projections attached by their basis to the plate,
of which they thus form a part. The ends of the strap or belt are fastened together
by means of plates provided with these teeth, hooks, or rivets, which are driven
through the end portion of the strap or belt, and if required are rivetted or
clinched.
My Invention is also applicable for fixing or attaching substitutes for hooks and
eyes, buckles, clasps, and similar fastenings applied to flexible materials, such, for
example, as leather or woven fabric.
IMPROVE. MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CALCULATING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by-Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th August 1879. A communication
from abroad by Elise Eugénie Sonnet and Pierre Boissier, both of Paris, in the
Republic of France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster; Civil Engineer. “IMPROVE.
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CALCULATING PURPOSES." A communication from
abroad by Elise Eugénie Sonnet and Pierre Boissier, both of Paris, in the Republio
of France.
The Invention consists in the construction of two dials, or series of dials, one
upon which the number named appears immediately, and another where the said
number is added to those which have been named before, this operation being
performed in an automatic and perfectly correct manner. For turning the dials
one or several rows of levers are used, each row arranged in the shape of a fan and
marked with numerals from 0 to 9, while each lever can be turned separately on
its axis. For adding a given number to the sum already on hand, the lever marked
with the given number is turned down by hand, thereby describing an arc in
proportion to the inscribed number and imparting the same rotary motion to a
toothed wheel having the same axis as the fan and gearing into a wheel of
smaller diameter. This wheel, being firmly connected with the second series or
addition dials, and with the first series or indicating dials by means of a ratchet
wheel or wheels, sets the dials in motion, and when the lever is turned back to its
original place the addition dials retain their position, while the indicating dials are
turned back to zero by a spiral spring. There are as many rows of levers as there
are figures in the numbers to be added, and as many addition dials as there are
figures in the largest sum. Instead of a number of levers in one row, a single lever
or sector may be used which is turned through an angle in proportion to the
number to be added, and the apparatus may be made wholly or partly of metal or
other suitable material. The apparatus may also be adapted for any other than
the pure decimal system, in which case the dials are numbered from 0 to 12, 0 to
20, or otherwise, according to the purpose for which the apparatus is intended.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER MILLS FOR REDUCING MIDDLINGS AND GRINDING CORN, SEED, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Gillett at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1879.
JOHN GILLETT, of Melksham, in the County of Wilts.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROLLER MILLS FOR REDUCING MIDDLINGS AND GRINDING CORN, SEED, AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES."
According to this Invention I employ a top roller in fixed bearings and a
bottom roller also in fixed bearings, and I place an intermediate roller out of the
vertical line of the two other rollers and in close proximity to them; the
intermediate roller I make adjustable as to position relatively to the other rollers
by means of screw and worm wheel gear and adjustable spring appliances; and I
also place its bearings on a yielding bed or beds; this may be of the form of or
by the employment of steel spring or springs fixed to the framing of the machine.
The top and bottom rollers are made to swivel on a vertical axis and the
intermediate roller on a horizontal axis.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATS AND RUGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nathan Ramsden at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th. July 1879.
NATHAN RAMSDEN, of Breightmet, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster. “Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATS AND RUGS."
This Invention relates to the manufacture of mats and rugs, and is principally
applicable to those in which the face or pile is formed of wool and the back or
binding part of cotton.
I employ two warp beams, one being for the cotton warp which together with
the weft threads form the back or binder of the mats, and the other for the woollen
warp which forms the face or pile.
I also use three healds, the ends of the cotton warp being drawn through two of
them, and the other being for the woollen threads.
In the operation of weaving these mats or rugs, a certain portion (say six or eight
picks) of the material is first woven plain, and then to obtain the pile, a number of
picks are given without beating up the slay, which has the effect of giving off a
certain quantity of slack of the woollen warp or pile threads, the shed is then closed
and the slay beaten up three or four times, which has the effect of forming the
woollen threads into loops, the woollen warp being thicker and slacker than the
cotton; this operation is repeated until the required length of matting is woven.
The loops are afterwards cut with a knife or other means, which forms the pile.
The material is then cut into the required lengths, backs are sewn on, and the
mats or rugs are ready for the market.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Bedford and John Pickering
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th November 1879.
CHARLES BEDFORD, of Birstal, and JOHN PICKERING, of Batley, both in the County
of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The object of the first part of our Invention is to prevent the picker and picking
arm from rebounding when the shuttle is sent across the loom, and thereby prevent
any tendency on the part of the shuttle to jump out of the shuttle box, and also
prevent the weft slipping off the bobbin when the shuttle is suddenly stopped. To
prevent this rebounding on the part of the shuttle there is at present employed a
strap, known as the "check strap," consisting of a piece of leather rigidly attached
at one end to the beam in front of the loom, whilst the other end slides on the
picker spindle against which the picker is thrown at each stroke of the picking arm.
This check strap however fails to accomplish its object, and our Invention is
intended to render this check strap more effectual, which we accomplish by connecting
that end of the strap which is now rigidly attached to the front beam to a flat or
spiral spring, by which means the rebounding of the picker and shuttle is prevented.
Or we may place a spiral or other spring on the picker spindle, between the "check
strap" and picker, which will give such elasticity to prevent the picker and shuttle
rebounding.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to a new method of connecting the leather
picking arm to the picker, and our improvements consist in fixing a metal bush in
the end of the leather which is slipped over a pin on the picker, and thus the hole
is not torn nor enlarged, as is now the case when the leather is working against the
metal pin. This bush has flanges with prongs or pins projecting which firmly secures
it to the leather.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WHEELS FOR RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Emmanuel Rigby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1879. A
communication from abroad by James Rigby, of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
THOMAS EMMANUEL RIGBY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WHEELS FOR RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY
CARRIAGES." (A communication from abroad by James Rigby, of Montreal, Quebec,
Canada.)
This Invention relates to the construction of noiseless wheels for railway and
tramway carriages and consists principally in constructing such wheels with a
metal body and a tire of vulcanized fibre.
The body of the wheel and the tire constitute a single solid structure which has
a rigid internal portion and a slightly elastic outer portion, the latter possessing the
quality of great durability.
The outer portion also is capable of receiving the impact of a blow without
giving forth much sound, and hence the wheels are nearly noisless.
The method of making this wheel is substantially as follows:-
:- The body of the
wheel is first cast in the usual well known or other convenient manner with
suitable peripheral recesses having overhanging portions. The vulcanized fibre
having been first formed into blocks, sheets, or rings is then sawed upon its outer
face into proper shape to form the circumference of the tire and on its inner face
into proper shape to engage with the recesses of the body of the wheel. The two
parts thus formed are then united by placing one over the other in proper position
and by forcing the projections of the one endwise into the recesses of the other.
The tire is then fixed in its position by means of a clamping ring held by screw
bolts or rivets.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXPANDING HORSES' HOOFS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1879. A communication
from abroad by Charles H. Shepard, of the United States of America.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR EXPANDING
HORSES' HOOFS." [A communication from abroad by Charles H. Shepard, of the
United States of America.]
This Invention relates to an improved apparatus or device for expanding or
widening horses' hoofs.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I provide a bottom plate which is
extended to pass under the toe of the shoe, and has near its rear end two studs
or pins on which two springs or spring levers are placed. The inner ends of the
said springs are enlarged, and provided with slots to pass over the aforesaid studs
or pins.
This construction allows of detaching the said springs so that one spring may be
larger than the other if required, this being necessary when the distance of one
side of the foot from the junction of the frog and shell to the point of the frog is
greater than that of the other side.
Between the inner ends of the said two springs is inserted a wedge to keep the
springs spread apart a certain distance. The outer corners of this wedge fit into
notches provided on the said springs. This wedge can be removed and another
wedge of different size inserted again, so as to make the springs adjustable for
different sized hoops, and also to make the pressure on the hoof greater or less at
will.
In place of interchangeable wedges I may arrange a screw with each spring for
regulating its tension.
A top plate is fastened on the said studs and holds the springs and wedges in
their places.
The said expanding springs may be applied to the hoof whether the same is
provided with a shoe or not, as their action is entirely independent from the shoe,
and the said springs form an exceedingly simple and effective device for curing or
preventing contraction of the hoof, as they attach and embed themselves readily
into the same without giving the least inconvenience to the animal.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LETTER FILES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th November 1879. A communication
from abroad by Julius Seidel, of Leipzig, in the German Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LETTER FILES." A communication from abroad by Julius Seidel, of Leipzig, in
the German Empire.
The Invention relates to an improved method of filing letters and arranging them
alphabetically in such a manner that they can be read without being taken out of
the file, and consists in a portfolio, the back of which is covered at its inner side
with a plate, preferably of metal, said plate carrying at top and bottom a rack upon
which a staff can be fixed, placed along the back of the portfolio so as to press the
letters against a flange of the metal plate in order to keep then firmly together, the
ends of the said staff being shaped so as to enable the same to be fixed in any two
corresponding indentations of the racks. The open letters are arranged in a
register, consisting of loose sheets marked with the letters of the alphabet, and the
staff may be provided with slits which allow of the letters being sewn together when
the file is full. The metal plate may be screwed or otherwise fixed upon a plate of
wood forming the back of the portfolio.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAG GRINDING MACHINERY
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Rhodes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May 1879.
JOSIAH RHODES, of the Firm of Joseph Rhodes and Sons, of Morley, near Leeds,
in the County of York, Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAG GRINDING
MACHINERY."
This Invention has special reference to the cylinders of this class of machinery
which have hitherto been composed of wood turned up true, on to which has been
fixed the lags containing the pins for grinding the rags; and my improvements
consist,―
Firstly. In making these cylinders of metal, by preference casting them in one
piece.
This Invention also relates to the method of placing that class of lags on the
cylinders where the foundation is made of metal, and where the pins are made of
strong staples, the bent portion or root of the staple projecting at the back or under-
side of the lags. And my improvements consist, secondly, in cutting or reducing a
groove or grooves on the periphery of the metal cylinders so as to receive the pro-
jecting portions of the staples above referred to.
By these means firm, strong, and durable cylinders are obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR WASHING YARNS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Norman Fraser at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April 1879.
NORMAN FRASER, of the Firm of Douglas, Fraser, and Sons, of Arbroath, in the
County of Forfar, North Britain, Canvas Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR WASHING YARNS."
My Invention of improvements in machines for washing yarns has reference to a
mode or means of taking the yarn off the machine after it has been washed, and
depositing it on the usual travelling rack, which takes it to the squeezer.
The yarn is in banks, which hang from revolving bobbins, and in order to remove
the banks I introduce hooks, bent rods, or levers behind them, and these hooks,
bent rods, or levers coming forward remove the hanks, and then turning down
deposit them on the squeezer rack.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Burslem at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1879.
GEORGE BURSLEM, of Stockport, in the County of Chester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PICKERS USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
In manufacturing my improved picker I employ only two pieces of buffalo hide,
one of which is a rectangular strip about eight inches long and about three inches
and three quarters wide, the other strip being about the same length and from three
quarters to one inch wide.
I roll or fold the former longitudinally into a flat tube, and then bend or double
it across the middle so as to bring the two ends together. I then take the narrower
strip and bending or doubling it across the middle in a similar manner into the
form of a staple, I insert the ends thereof into the open ends of the flat tubular
piece and thrust it home within about one inch, so that a doubled piece about two
inches long only projects.
The picker is then wired and pressed in the usual manner, the body and foot of
the picker being made of the thicker or tubular part, and the projecting part of the
inner strip forming the bar to which the picker strap is attached. The doubled
portion of the tubular piece will be required to be partially cut away or reduced in
thickness to form the foot.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-HEATING SMOOTHING IRON
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Norris at- the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1879.
ALFRED NORRIS, of Finsbury Park, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman.
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-HEATING SMOOTHING IRON."
This Invention relates to a new or improved self-heating smoothing iron.
According to my Invention both top and bottom of the iron are finished for
the smoothing process, and the iron is slung in the handle so that it may be turned
over at will. To heat the iron a lamp (spirit or otherwise) is introduced in any
suitable way that it will not be affected by the turning over of the iron. On the
upper side being heated the iron is turned over so that the heated surface is down-
wards, and the ironing or smoothing process begins. By the time the lower surface
is cooled the upper has become well heated, and the iron is then again turned over
and the process continued. When the iron and handle are in the correct relative
position a suitable catch binds the two so that there is no vibration or other
motion between them. The lamp may be slung on a centre within the iron or be
otherwise suitably introduced.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE FORM AND METHOD OF IMPARTING MOTION TO VELOCIPEDES, CARRIAGES, OR OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1879

page_text: o
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward George Bruton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th January 1879.
"
EDWARD GEORGE BRUTON, of No. 1, Park Crescent, Oxford. CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE FORM AND METHOD OF IMPARTING MOTION TO VELOCIPEDES,
CARRIAGES, OR OTHER VEHICLES."
;
This Invention consists of a new form of imparting motion to velocipedes or other
vehicles having three or more wheels, which wheel shall receive their motion from
a traversing platform, to which motion is imparted by walking or running thereon
the platform consisting of endless bands, of a substance offering resistance to the
foot, passing over rollers suspended from the said vehicle, which rollers, by pulley-
bands, chains, or other means, put in motion certain wheels of the said vehicle and
thereby propel the same.
This is shewn in the accompanying Drawing, where A, A, is the platform;
B, B, B, are three of the rollers; C, C, the pulley-bands; and D, D, the wheels to be
propelled thereby.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING PIPES, TUBES, OR CYLINDERS OF IRON OR STEEL, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Yoolow Stewart and Lewis
James Pirie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May
1879.
DAVID YOOLOW STEWART, Ironfounder, and LEWIS JAMES PIRIE, Engineer, both
of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MAKING PIPES, TUBES, OR CYLINDERS OF IRON OR STEEL, AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR."
This Invention has for its object the making of pipes, tubes, or cylinders of iron
or steel in an improyed manner, admitting of the economical and satisfactory
employment of metal of superior quality, and yielding improved results as respects
uniformity of quality and strength.
In carrying out the Invention a pipe, tube, or cylinder is formed by helically
coiling one or more strips or bars of malleable iron or of weldable steel, and by
uniting the coils together at their edges by a combined welding and rolling process.
The iron or steel strip or bar is passed through a furnace or heating apparatus of a
length and heated to an intensity sufficient to raise the iron or steel to the welding
heat whilst passing through it, and on issuing from the furnace the strip or bar is
immediately led between a mandril or internal roller and one or more external
rollers, the rollers being placed relatively to the direction along which the strip or
bar issues from the furnace in positions to suit the angle of the helical coils to be
formed. As the coiling proceeds the pipe, tube, or cylinder. gradually moves away
from the coiling and welding rollers, but this movement is resisted sufficiently to
meet the endway pressure necessary for causing the edge of the coil being formed
to weld to the edge of the preceding coil. The endway pressure for welding the
edges of the coils together is applied either by a flange on the external roller or by
means of one or more separate rollers, or the strip or bar may be led in between the
preceding coil and a stationary helical or inclined guiding surface, by which means
the compression required for welding may be obtained. If necessary the heat of
the strip or bar may be maintained after leaving the furnace by jets of ignited gas
placed so as to play upon it.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING CORK TO MACHINE SEWN AND RIVETTED BOOTS AND SHOES FOR INNER AND MIDDLE SOLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Willis and James Southall at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December 1879.
JOHN WILLIS and JAMES SOUTHALL, of the City of Norwich, and County of the
same City, Boot & Shoe Manufacturers. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF APPLYING
CORK TO MACHINE SEWN AND RIVETTED BOOTS AND SHOES FOR INNER AND
MIDDLE SOLES."
The novelty of this Invention consists in applying cork as an inner or middle
sole to machine sewn and rivetted boots and shoes, not as a mere insertion but as
a layer equal in size to the sole itself,
The advantages of my Invention are that it adds nothing to the expense of
manufacture, as the machine needle or rivets which go through the sole of the
boot or shoe go through the cork at the same time, and the cork is left always in
view of the purchaser.
IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COAL
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Brown Finch at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th March 1879.
GERARD BROWN FINCH, of No. 10, Lyndhurst Road, Hampstead, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COAL."
In getting coal in mines and workings apparatus are sometimes employed for
cutting grooves or chases in the coal so that by wedging or otherwise masses of it can
be detached from the seam. It is in many cases difficult to obtain in the mine or
working, or to convey into it, the power necessary for driving such apparatus. My
Invention relates to means of effecting the required cutting operation by the use
of electricity as a motive power, which can be conveyed over considerable distances
and through intricate workings by insulated conductors, and applied as I will now
describe. I mount an electro-dynamic machine of any known construction on a
framing or bed which is capable of movements in several directions like the slide
rest of a lathe. On the axis of the machine I fix a drill or a boring bar fitted with
a series of cutters. The machine having its conductors placed in circuit with a
source of electricity at a distance its axis is caused to revolve rapidly. The drill or
boring bar attached thereto being advanced into and along the coal cuts a groove
therein in any desired direction. There may be several of the machines, each with
its drill or boring bar acting in succession in the same working, so that each deepens
the groove made by that in advance of it, and these machines may be all included
in one electric circuit, and if required mounted on one framing. For generating the
electricity to supply the machine or machines I prefer to employ a similar machine
or similar machines working as dynamo-electric machines, which may be situated
in any convenient place on the surface, and driven by steam or other power, the
electricity being conducted from these to the mine or working by suitable insulated
conductors. Although I have above described the drill or boring bar as being
attracted to and driven directly by the axis of the machine, which arrangement is
preferable on account of its simplicity, it is obvious that the drill or boring bar
might be mounted in separate bearings and driven by straps or gearing from the
axis of the electro-dynamic machine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK NUTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Enoch Horton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th December 1879.
ENOCH HORTON, of the Alma and New Alma Works, Darlaston, in the County of
Stafford. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK NUTS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in lock nuts.
For this purpose I, according to my Invention, employ a nut which is cut in or
parallel to the plane of the axis of the screw for a certain length from the top of
the nut into two or more parts. These parts, or some of them, are, when the nut
is to be locked to the male screw on to which it is screwed, forced by pressure or
otherwise near to or so as to touch each other at the top of the nut, so that one
diameter of the female screw is made less than the other diameter.
Or, also according to my Invention, the pressure may be so applied to the two
or more separated portions of the nut at the top thereof as to force them in opposite
directions, so that the female screw shall not be concentric with the male screw.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREPARING IRON OR STEEL, OR OTHER METAL PLATES, BARS, AND SHEETS, FOR A METALLIC COATING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert Le Neve Foster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1879.
HERBERT LE NEVE FOSTER, Metallurgist, of East Hill, Wandsworth, in the
County of Surrey, "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREPARING IRON OR STEEL, OR
OTHER METAL PLATES, BARS, AND SHEETS, FOR A METALLIC COATING."
The Invention relates to a process for removing the scale or oxide of iron, from
the surface of bar, plate, or sheet iron or steel, and also the scale or oxide from
the surface of other metals. I claim also by my process not only the removing
of the scale or oxide, but also to anneal or soften the metal by the one or same
process. The improvements cousist in passing carbonic oxide, cyanogen, sulphu-
retted hydrogen, hydrogen, carburetted hydrogen, or any compound of carbon and
hydrogen in a gaseous or other form, or any mixture of the aforesaid compounds,
and element over the bars or sheets, or plates enclosed in an airtight vessel heated
to a temperature sufficent to reduce the scale or oxide to a metallic condition.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRANTS AND STAND PIPES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Brown Houghton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd February 1879.
ALBERT BROWN HOUGHTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRANTS AND STAND PIPES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES."
The object of this my said Invention consists in the construction of hydrants or
stand pipes whereby there are rendered non-refrigerating, thus producing a con-
tinuous supply of water during the most inclement weather.
I will now describe my Invention thus: I employ the ordinary water or outlet
pipe, the same being connected to the main service; externally is a second or outer
tube or case, and this is arranged below the ground level; in the vacuum between
the said tubes is deposited sawdust or other non-refrigerating compound; at the
summit of the said pipes I arrange a covering of any form most suitable to my
requirement, but consisting of an inner and an outer case, and between these two
cases I also deposit sawdust or other compound for the purpose above described';
the inner case is so constructed with a flange or seat corresponding in size to the
outer case or tube upon which it finds its bearing; when in application this covering
is removed and the water or outlet pipe with its cock or valve is first exposed; in
case of fire, the union joints and its hose is connected as hitherto a mere modifi-
cation makes the same applicable to public and private places where a continuous
supply of water is required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS, PACK AND OTHER SADDLES FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Meyerstein at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th September 1879. (A com-
munication from abroad by Edmond Amédeè Oscar Thiboust, Engineer, of
No. 22, Rue Trévise, Paris, in the Republic of France.)
"
WILLIAM MEYERSTEIN, of No. 6, Love Lane, Aldemanbury, in the City of
London, Merchant. IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS, PACK AND OTHER SADDLES
FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS." (A. communication from abroad by Edmond
Amédeè Oscar Thiboust, Engineer, of No. 22, Rue Trévise, Paris, in the Republic of
France.)
The object of the Invention is to provide for cases in which the animal, wounded
in parts liable to be rubbed by the chafing of a saddle or the collar, is yet required
to be in service, and to avoid injurious effects of such chafing of the affected parts.
For this purpose the padding of the saddle, or of the collar, is made in rows of
separate cushions arranged so that each cushion may be readily removed when
desired and replaced by means of screws, or other suitable fastenings.
When a sore or wound arises to the animal at a part likely to be rubbed by its
saddle or collar, it is not only an act of humanity, but also, in most cases a matter
of necesiity to relieve the animal from further service during the existence of such
wound, which becomes in many cases a matter of serious difficulty and inconvenience
as in the case of a march of a troop of soldiers. Whilst in the use of this Invention
all that will be required is to remove the portion of padding or cushion at or near
the affected part, so as to relieve the animal at such part of any rubbing or chafing
of the saddle or collar. A passage will also be thereby left for the free flow of air
for ventilation to aid the recovery of the affected part.
PROVEMENTS IN SALT MILLS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Moore at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th April 1879.
"IM-
PAUL MOORE, of Harborne, in the County of Stafford, Warehouseman.
PROVEMENTS IN SALT MILLS."
This Invention consists of a box fitted with a revolving oylinder, upon the surface
of which are pierced serrations like a nutmeg grater, or it may have cutters or
other grinding tools. This cylinder is mounted upon a spindle upon which it hangs
ncross the box horizontally or vertically. The spindle projects through one side or
top of the box and is then furnished with a winch handle, and if necessary with cog
wheel gearing, or wheel and pinion motion. Beneath the cylinder is a drawer to
receive the powdered salt. The salt is supplied at the top of the box in blocks,
and in most cases descends by its own weight upon the cylinder, when by turning
the winch handle the cylinder is revolved, and acting upon the underside of the
block as a grater grinds the salt from the bottom, the salt in a powdered state
falling into the drawer beneath fit for use. For apparatus of a large size where
the blocks would be more liable to wedge or bind in descending, I employ a weighted
plate furnished with wheels or rollers at its sides to assist the descent of the blocks
of salt.
The drawer may in some cases be dispensed with, when the apparatus may be
worked so as to allow the ground salt to be deposited on a table or elsewhere ready
for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS MOTOR ENGINES
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Shaw at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 4th November 1879.
JAMES SHAW, of Scholes, Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Cotton Spinner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS MOTOR ENGINES."
This Invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of gas motor
engines, whereby the same is greatly simplified.
I construct my engine as follows:-For horizontal engines the piston, crank shaft,
and the working portion of the cylinder, are as ordinary, but the cylinder (at the
end furthest from the crank shaft) is prolonged and its trunk turned upwards with
a curve, the prolonged trunk being of the same diameter as the cylinder, but of such
length as to contain twice its capacity, more or less. The supply of gas and air is
admitted at the top of the trunk, and passes through a perforated plate or disc
which spreads or mixes it, there being separate check valves for the gas and air.
For igniting the mixture of gas and air in the trunk of the cylinder, I employ a
pump fixed near the top of the trunk, the plunger of which is worked from the
crank shaft by disc or strap eccentric. In the plunger is a hollow space to admit a
jet of gas through an aperture in the shell of the pump. At the end of the plunger
is a thoroughfare in connection with the hollow space to admit air from behind the
plunger, or the plunger may be elongated in a semicircular form, a slot or aperture
formed therein, so as to admit and cut off the air and jet of gas (or blue flame) at
the required time.
The action is as follows:-The pump draws in air and gas from the outside through
an aperture opposite the gas jet, and when the plunger travels a certain distance
the aperture is closed and another one opened into the trunk; vacuum is formed in
the pump, which draws in part of the charge from the trunk and ignites the blue
flame in the pump, driving through an aperture or tube into the trunk or explosion
chamber, igniting the charge therein the explosion drives the piston forwards in the
cylinder until used up, a vacuum being formed in the trunk and cylinder behind
the piston (about the time the crank is at the end of its stroke), drawing in a fresh
supply or charge of air and gas from the top of the trunk. At the return of the
piston the dead air is driven out of the cylinder through a revolving valve placed
at the bottom side of the trunk, and driven by gear wheels and shaft from the crank
shaft; there is a check valve outside the revolving disc. The centre line of the
crank shaft is placed about two inches below the centre line of the cylinder in order
to allow a longer momentum at the end of the stroke whilst a fresh supply of gas
and air is being obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OFF THE ENDS OF CYLINDERS, TUBES, OR PIPES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Markham at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th April 1879.
CHARLES MARKHAM, of Staveley, near Chesterfield, in the County of Derby.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING OFF THE ENDS OF CYLINDERS,
TUBES, OR PIPES."
This Invention relates to machinery for cutting the ends off cylinders, tubes, or
pipes; the apparatus being so arranged that several tools can be made to operate
simultaneously, counterbalancing each other so that the work remains unstrained
and steady, and the cutting is effected without vibration. For this purpose I fix
on a chuck like the face plate of a lathe a double flanged cylinder, on the circum-
ference of which are mounted several tool boxes or slide rests. The cylinder or
pipe to be cut is secured on the bed of the machine, most conveniently on supports
of V form, and the cutters being adjusted in their rests are caused to travel round
it, being made to advance slowly as the cut is deepened by star wheels or ratchet
levers meeting fixed stops at each revolution.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, CANS, JARS, AND SUCH LIKE VESSELS
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Wilson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st April 1879. A. communication from
abroad by Richard Howe Browne, of Rouen, France.
JAMES WILSON, of No. 29, Orchard Street, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, CANS, JARS, AND SUCH LIKE
VESSELS." [A communication from abroad by Richard Howe Browne, of Rouen,
France.]
This Invention relates to means of stoppering tightly the mouths of bottles, cans,
jars, and such like vessels. For this purpose the mouth of the vessel being a little
tapered is titted with a similarly tapered plug, which may be ground to the mouth,
or may be fitted tightly thereto by a ring of caoutchouc, cork, or other elastic
yielding material laid in an annular recess either in the plug or in the throat of the
vessel. The plug has affixed to it by a central pin or screw a strap that passes
over it and across it in the direction of a diameter. One end of this strap is turned
downwards and formed into an eye, through which is passed a wire that surrounds
the neck of the vessel just under the swell of its mouth. In some cases the turned
down part is a separate piece linge-jointed to the cross strap. The same wire
which surrounds the neck of the vessel passes through an eye of another strap
separate from the cross strap, but bent or cut with a slot to latch over the end of
the cross strap or over a stud or hasp projecting therefrom, the latching part being
made with a slopo so that a pressure has to be exerted in engaging the latch, and
this pressure conveyed through the cross strap keeps the plug tightly held in the
mouth of the vessel. The latching strap above mentioned may have on it the
sloped stud or hasp, so that a piece jointed to the cross strap may latch over it. In
either case the stud or hasp may be made with an eye to receive a padlock.
PROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR CLEANING TABLE CUTLERY
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Howard Busby Fox at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th June 1879.
"IM-
HOWARD BUSBY Fox, of Victoria Road, Oxton, in the County of Chester.
PROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR CLEANING TABLE CUTLERY."
My Invention relates to a novel construction of apparatus for cleaning table
cutlery, such as table knives and forks, and consists of two verticle boards placed
close to and parallel to each other, carried by a suitable frame and base. The
surfaces and edges of the boards, being the inner surfaces and edges when together,
are covered with leather, felt, kamptulican, or other suitable material. The vertical
boards are made reversible and adjustable and may be covered over their whole
inner surfaces with the leather or other material, or the leather or other material
may be placed on the inner surfaces of the boards in vertical strips. The base of
the board or one of the sides thereof is provided with a rubber of leather or other
material for cleaning the backs of the knives and also with a brush for cleaning
forks.
In operation the vertical boards are supplied with suitable knife paste or powder,
and the knives inserted between the boards in an inverted verticle position. The
knife is cleaned and thoroughly polished by one, two, or at most three drawings
through the boards, edge first. When the boards are provided with strips, it is
necessary that the knives should be drawn through back first.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, AND IN STOPPERS FOR THE SAME."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Morton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th July 1879.
JOSEPH MORTON, of Lindley, near Huddersfield, in the County of York, Soda
Water Manufacturer. IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, AND IN STOPPERS FOR THE
SAME."
This Invention relates to bottles having internal stoppers, the object of this
Invention being to so construct the bottle and its stopper as that the position of the
latter either for sealing and enclosing the gases when the bottle is filled, and for
permitting free flow of the contents when the bottle is being emptied, shall at all
times be secured.
According to this my Invention I construct on two or more sides of the neck of
the bottle internal ribs or grooves extending lengthwise the neck of the bottle, and
such ribs or grooves terminating at the end nearest the body of the bottle is a recess
or projection; the stopper may be of any ordinary construction, so far as sealing the
neck of the bottle, but is provided with a flange or wings having recesses or ends
to be received within the grooves or upon the ribs formed in the neck of the bottle,
so that the stopper slides along the guide grooves or ribs to or from the neck to the
lower recess, which latter receives the stopper whilst the bottle is being emptied.
The ribs or grooves may be parallel or spiral to the length of the neck of the bottle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Astbury and Benjamin
Talbot at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th September
1879.
JOSEPH ASTBURY, of Snedshill, Shifnal, in the County of Salop, Manager of
Works, and BENJAMIN TALBOT, of Haybridge Hall, Wellington, in the County of
Salop, Iron Master. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
IRON AND STEEL."
Our Invention consists in combining and arranging in the manner herein after
explained, a cupola, in which cast iron is melted by the action of a blast with one
or more rotating puddling chambers in which melted cast iron is puddled and
converted into wrought iron or steel. The combustible gases evolved in the cupola
are conducted into the rotating puddling chambers, and the heat thus economized is
sufficient for effecting the puddling of the iron.
We carry our Invention into effect in the following manner. We construct a
cupola having one or more apertures in its sides and we connect the rotating
puddling chambers to the said apertures so that a portion of the heat and gases
generated from the fuel in the cupola shall pass through each of the said apertures
into the rotating puddling chambers and thereby suitably heat the said chambers
for the operation of puddling. By these means the fuel consumed in reducing the
metal to a liquid state is also utilized for the additional operation of puddling.
In commencing to work, the cupola is charged with fuel in the ordinary manner
and the blast is applied. After a time metal is charged into the cupola, the top of
the cupola is partially closed and the heated evolved gases are thereby forced
through the apertures described into the rotating puddling chambers. Rotary
motion is given to the puddling chambers in the ordinary way.
The form and dimensions of the combined cupola and rotating puddling chamber
or chambers may be varied and the weight or amount of the charge may be
modified according to requirements.
The metal or a combination of metal and other materials if desirable may be
conveyed in a ladle from the said cupola in a liquid state and charged into the
rotating chamber or chambers, after which the operation of the said rotating
chamber or chambers is similar to that of ordinary rotating puddling chambers.
077

page_text: Not only is great economy in fuel effected by our Invention but the first cost of
the apparatus is less than that of rotary puddling furnaces of the ordinary
description. No chimney stack is required to produce draught, as the blast of the
cupola suffices to produce the required passage of the heated gases through the
rotating puddling chambers.
The dispensing with the chimney stack and the parts connecting it with the
rotating puddling chambers reduces the first cost of the apparatus and by
simplifying it renders it less liable to derangement than ordinary rotating
puddling furnaces, and also reduces the current working expenses.