IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING RAISING AND TILTING RAILWAY COAL WAGGONS AND TRANSFERRING COAL THEREFROM FOR THE PURPOSE OF LOADING VESSELS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Taylor, of Penarth in the County of Glamorgan
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING
RAISING AND TILTING RAILWAY COAL WAGGONS AND TRANSFERRING COAL
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1883.
GEORGE TAYLOR of Penarth in the County of Glamorgan "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING, RAISING, AND TILTING RAILWAY COAL WAGGONS
AND TRANSFERRING COAL THEREFROM FOR THE PURPOSE OF LOADING VESSELS."
In loading sea going vessels with coal, the existing practice is to effect the
operation by means of a staith to which the coal is brought in railway waggons,
and from these it is tipped or discharged into a shoot pertaining to the staith and
having a considerable inclination so as to cause the coal to run down it to the
vessel. Owing to the height of the vessels out of the water and the great length
and inclination of the shoot above them, the waggons usually require to be raised
to a great height above the quay at the loading berth, or to be brought to the
staith at a high level, in order to enable the coal to be tipped or discharged into
the elevated end of the shoot and run down it to the vessel. This involves con-
siderable expense for the first cost of staiths of adequate height and hoisting.
power, or of the works necessary for bringing the waggons forward at a high`
level, besides the consumption of power and loss of time in bringing the waggons
into position for tipping.
The coal staiths at which vessels are loaded have hitherto been stationary, and
the railway waggons which bring the coal are run onto or transferred to the
staiths by means of railway lines and turntables which also are fixed. The staiths
being fixed, and the distances apart of the vessels' hatchways being variable, it is

page_text: extremely rare that a vessel can be loaded with coals at more than one hatchway
or place at the same time and there consequently ensues much delay to the vessel
as well as a long occupation of the loading berth which restricts the working
power of the dock within narrow limits.
My Invention has for its objects to improve the means of transferring coal from
the railway or siding at or near the loading berth to which it is brought in railway
waggons and to enable the loading of a vessel to be carried on simultaneously at
different hatchways.
The Invention relates first to portable staiths which may be placed opposite
each hatchway of a vessel and to accessory appliances and apparatus designed for
use in combination with each other whereby the objects of this Invention may be
attained.
The staiths are designed to be movable along ways either by being mounted
directly on wheels or supported upon bogie or swivelling carriages, the wheels being
in either case so arranged that the staiths may be moved in different directions
upon fixed and temporary ways provided for the purpose.
The transferring apparatus for bringing the railway waggons to the staith
consists of fixed and portable turntables and sections of portable railway to connect
the turntables with one another and with the staiths. The turntables are placed
upon the quay or upon a permanent way laid thereon sufficiently below the level
of the line of railway on which the waggons arrive, to allow for the thickness of
the turntables and enable the waggons to run direct onto the fixed turntable.
The other turntables also rest on the quay or on the said permanent way and are
movable thereon to enable them to be adjusted to correspond to. the positions of
the staiths. The portable sections of railway which connect the turntables
together are made of various lengths so as to be adapted, to suit the different
distances apart at which it may be necessary to place the turntables and the said
sections are adapted to be laid and fixed on the said permanent way-or on the
quay as the case may be. The turntables are constructed in any suitable manner
but are preferably similar in construction to those described in a previous applica-
tion for Letters Patent made by me on the 1st day of December 1882.
My Invention relates secondly to the construction of the portable staiths and it
has for its object to provide improved means of turning the waggon before or after
entering the staith in order that it may be presented in the proper position for
being tipped and discharged.
According to one arrangement I provide either in or alongside of the staith, a
platform suspended by chains or rods from one or more points of support overhead
in such manner that the waggon may be run onto said. platform and the platform
may then be turned with the waggon upon it so as to bring the latter into the
proper position or direction for being tipped. This platform when in the staith
may serve also as the tipping cradle. Instead of being turned upon a platform,
the waggon alone may be turned by being suspended by slings before entering.
upon the tipping cradle. Instead of a suspended platform it may be a turntable
revolving upon a pivot and supported from beneath, the said turntable being
capable of being turned up or removed out of the way when not in use. In any
case the means by which the waggon is turned, whether inside or outside the
staith, are carried by the staith so as to form a permanent adjunct movable
therewith.
Instead of a revolving suspended platform or turntable outside the staith as
above described, the tipping cradle or platform of the staith itself may be provided
with a turntable upon which the waggon would be turned into. the desired position
for tipping after it has entered the staith.
In order to diminish the weight to be raised in the staith, I provide a receiver
of special construction which may be used in the place ordinarily occupied by the
tipping cradle or platform, into which receiver the waggon load is discharged
instead of running the waggon itself into the staith as usual. This receiver is
adapted to be raised in the staith in the same way as the tipping cradle or platform

page_text: now is, and it is so constructed and arranged as to be capable of being moved
horizontally in the staith or in adjustable guides extending towards the vessel,
whereby a portion or the whole of the receiver may be projected outwards beyond
the staith and over the conveyor or shoot by which the coal is transferred from
the staith to the vessel, the bottom of the receiver being constructed of hinged
flaps or sections adapted to be self opening when unsupported in order to discharge
the contents of the receiver onto the conveyor or shoot. In addition to the self
opening bottom the receiver may be provided with gear for tipping it.
Heretofore it has been necessary with fixed staiths at which the waggons arrive
at a low level to raise the waggons to a considerable height in order to obtain the
requisite inclination of the shoot as above explained, but this is especially objec-
tionable in the case of movable staiths as will be readily understood. My Invention
has therefore for its object also to diminish the height of the staith, and this I
accomplish by conveying the coal from the staith or the tipping place therein to
the vessel by means of machinery actuated by motive power whereby the coal may
be transferred or conveyed in a direction horizontal or nearly so from or between
the staith and a place on board of the vessel instead of being passed or transferred
by means of shoots and the aid of manual labor or the force of gravity. One
means of attaining this object is to provide a conveyor extending from the tipping
point on the staith to the hatchway of the vessel. This conveyor would be
supported by suitable guide frames extending outward from the staith and would
be capable of being adjusted in height with the tipping cradle or receiver of the
staitli to accomodate it to the height of the vessel out of the water.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th September
1883.
GEORGE TAYLOR, of Penarth in the County of Glamorgan 'IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR TRANSFERRING, RAISING AND TILTING RAILWAY COAL WAGGONS
AND TRANSFERRING COAL THEREFROM FOR THE PURPOSE OF LOADING VESSELS
In loading sea going vessels with coal, the existing practice is to effect the
operation by means of a staith, to which the coal is brought in railway waggons
from which it is tipped or discharged into a shoot pertaining to the staith and
having a considerable inclination so as to cause the coal to run down it to the
vessel. Owing to the height of the vessels out of the water and the great length
and inclination of the shoot above them, the waggons usually require to be raised
to a great height above the quay at the loading berth, or to be brought to the staith
at a high level, in order to enable the coal to be tipped or discharged into the
elevated end of the shoot and run down it to the vessel. This involves considerable
expense for the first cost of staiths of adequate height and for hoisting power, or of
the works necessary for bringing the waggons forward at a high level.
The coal staiths at which vessels are loaded have hitherto been stationary, and
the railway waggons which bring the coal are run onto or transferred to the staiths
by means of railway lines and turntables which also are fixed. The staiths being
fixed, and the distances apart of the vessels hatchways being variable, it is extremely
rare that a vessel can be loaded with coals at more than one hatch way or place at
the same time and there consequently ensues much delay to the vessel as well as a
long occupation of the loading berth which restricts the working power of the dock
within narrow limits.
My Invention has for its objects to improve the means of transferring coal from
the railway or siding at or near the loading berth to which it is brought in railway
waggons and to enable the loading of a vessel to be carried on simultaneously at.
different hatchways.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood I have illustrated
it in the accompanying drawings and will proceed to describe it with reference
thereto
The Invention relates first to portable staiths which may be placed opposite
each hatchway of a vessel and to accessory appliances and apparatus designed for
use in combination with each other whereby the objects of this Invention may be
attained.
⚫ The staiths are designed to be movable along ways by being mounted on bogie
carriages so arranged that the staiths may be moved in different directions upon
fixed and temporary ways provided for the purpose.
Figure 1 is a plan, Figure 2 is a part side elevation, Figure 3 is a part end
elevation, Figure 4 is a plan of one of the bogie carriages and Figures 5, 6 and 7
represent in side and end elevations and plan a modification of the bogie
carriage.
The framework of the superstructure or staith proper is constructed in
substantially the same way as that shown and described in the specification of
a previous patent granted to me and dated the 1st December 1882 N° 5727, and
need not again be described. Each strutted leg of the staith is supported on a
swivelling or bogie carriage A on four wheels travelling on pairs of rails a the
carriage being. connected to the frame work of the staith by a central bogie pin b
upon which the carriage swivels as a centre By means of these carriages the staith.

page_text: can travel to and fro along the quay in the straight or in curves of sufficient radius.
In figures 5 to 7 the bottom ends of the staith legs are attached to platforms which
rest on the frames of the respective carriages. In this case the staith can only be
moved in a direction at right angles to that on which it was previously travelling
by turning each bogie carriage independently on its own centre which is accom-
plished by providing four turntables at the proper places in the permanent way upon
which the bogies would stand to be turned, the four bogies being independent of
one another.
In figures 1 to 4 however the staith legs are provided with rollers c placed at
right angles to the travelling wheels of the bogies, and resting not directly on the
bogies but in shaped cross girders B which rest by their ends upon two opposite
bogies thus connecting them in pairs. The bogies swivel upon centre bolts bas
before which connect them to the staith frame as shown and are provided with
friction rollers & for the cross girders to rest on to permit the easy swivelling of the
bogies. The cross girders B bridge over the space between the two bogies of each
pair and form ways for the staith to be run off from the bogies in a direction at
right angles to the rails a to accomplish which it is only necessary to remove the
centre pins and provide temporary ways shown in side and end elevation in
figure 8, on to which to receive the staith when it leaves the bogies, these ways
being merely laid down in proper positions for the purpose in rear of the staith.
These ways may be hinged continuations of the cross girders B, so that when not
in use they may be raised up. against the back of the staith or they may be
separate.
The transferring apparatus for bringing the railway waggons to the staith
consists of fixed and portable turntables and sections of portable railway to connect
the turntables with one another and with the staiths. Figure 9 is a plan showing
the general arrangement of the staiths and transferring apparatus. E are portable
staiths constructed as described in my Patent dated December 1st 1882 N° 5727 or
otherwise made portable. F are permanent turntables placed opposite the lines G
on which the full and empty waggons arrive and return, and having short lengths
of permanent way H laid at either side of them for suitable distances say between
lines xx and y. y. respectively and in a direction parallel to the face of the quay.
The up and down lines I between these points are completed by portable sections
of railway of which examples of various lengths are shown in plan in figures-10,
11, 12, 13 and 14, and in elevation and cross section in figures 15 and 16, and by
portable turntables K. The sections of railway may be laid upon longitudinal
timbers or otherwise bedded so as to match the level of the permanent turntables F
and are fished or otherwise connected together, and to the portable turntables K.
These latter are substantially similar in construction to those described in the
specification of my aforesaid patent or they inay be otherwise constructed so as to
be readily portable and of little height or thickness so as to match with the portable
sections of railway.
My Invention relates secondly to the construction of the portable staiths and it
has for its object to provide improved means of turning the waggon before or
after entering the staith in order that it may be presented in the proper position
for being tipped and discharged.
According to one arrangement I provide either in or alongside of the staith a
platform suspended from one or more points of support overhead in such manner
that the waggon may be run onto said platform and the platform may then be
turned with the waggon upon it so as to bring the latter into the proper position
or direction for being tipped. This platform when in the staith may serve also as
the tipping cradle
Instead of a revolving suspended platform or turntable as above described, the
hoisting platform of the staith itself inay be provided with a turntable turning on
said platform and forming also the tipping cradle upon which the waggon would
be turned into the desired position for tipping after it has entered the staith.
Figure 17 is a rear elevation Figure 18 a side elevation and Figure 19 a plan of

page_text: .
The
a staith provided, with a, suspended platform upon which the waggons can be
turned and tipped within the staith Figures 20 and 21 show details of the
hoisting and turning frames, from which the platform is suspended.
.construction of the framework of the staith and the hoisting gear are substantially
similar to that described in my aforesaid Patent. The tilting gear is slightly
modified inasmuch as instead of two separate chains each operated by both tilting
rams there is one chain only which is operated by both rams, and runs round
pulleys attached to the rising and falling girder by which the simultaneous motion
of the hoisting and tilting chains is ensured when hoisting. L L L² are the
hoisting chains and M are the tilting chains. The four chains L' L', L2 L2 are
attached to the corners of the hoisting frame N shown separately in figure 20.
The turning frame 0 (shown separately in figure 21) is suspended from the
frame N by a central bolt on which it is free to turn for the purpose of turning the
waggon in the desired direction. This frame is steadied by four rollers n on
frame N bearing upon a ring fixed on top of the turning frame O. The platform P
on which the waggon rests is suspended by four chains from the corners of frame N.
Two of these chains are of fixed length, and the other two form continuations of
the tilting chains M and are attached by their ends to the back part of the
platform and passed round a series of pulleys mounted on the turning frame so
that the chains shall be brought sufficiently near to the centre to avoid interfering
with the turning of the frame O. Instead of suspending the turning gear within
the staith, and combining it with the hoisting gear as above described it may be
suspended at the back of the staith from a projecting frame Q forming part of the
staith and resting upon a third rail at the rear. The waggon would in either case
be run onto the platform by means of short inclines fixed to and matching the
permanent way and rising to the level of the platform rails said inclines also
serving to hold the platform stationary whilst the waggon is being run on. When
the turning gear is situated at the rear of the staith the hoisting and tilting
platform would be of the ordinary description. Instead of a suspended platform it
may be a turntable R hinged to the back of the staith so that it may be brought
down on to the permanent way for running trucks on or off it or turned up out of
the way when not in use and forming a permanent adjunct to the staith and
movable therewith.
Figure 22 is a plan and fig 22 a sectional elevation of the hoisting platform
provided with the turntable turning thereon forming also the tipping cradle.
Figures 23 and 24 respectively shew the hoisting platform and the combined
turntable and tipping cradle. Upon the hoisting platform is fixed a circular path
or ring S for the turntable which rests and turns thereon. The combined turn-
table and cradle consists of a pair of box girders T suitably braced together and
containing rails for the waggon to rest upon, this turntable being substantially
similar in construction to the revolving platform of the turntable described in the
Specification of my aforesaid Patent. When in position for tilting the one end of
this platform is immediately over a pivoted girder U and the other end is over a
loose girder V to whose ends the tilting chains are attached so that when this
girder is raised the turntable will be lifted by this end off path S its other end
turning on the pivoted girder U as a centre for the purpose of tipping the truck.
When the trucks are run on to the platform turntable from the side they pass up
short inclines matching with the rails on which they run as before described.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is:-
1st The combination with the framework of a staith of bogie carriages placed
beneath the legs of the staith substantially in the manner and for the purpose
specified.
2nd The combination and arrangement of bogie carriages connected in pairs by
cross girders resting thereon but allowing of their swivelling motion and of the
superstructure of the staith mounted on wheels travelling in the cross girders so

page_text: that the staith may be run back and forward in a direction at right angles to that
in which the bogie carriages travel substantially as described and shown in
figures 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings.
3rd The combination and arrangement of fixed and portable turntables portable
sections of railway and movable staiths substantially as described and shewn in
figure 9 of the drawings.
4th The combination with a movable staith of a suspended platform turning
upon a centre above whether situated inside or outside the staith for bringing the
waggon into the desired direction for tipping substantially as described.
5th The combination with a movable staith having a side entrance, and with
hoisting and tipping gear arranged on the staith of a rotating platform within
the staith whether suspended to turn on a centre above as in figures 17 to 21 or
constructed as a turntable as in figures 22 to 24 for turning hoisting and tipping
the truck substantially as and for the purpose specified.
6th The particular combination and arrangement of hoisting and turning frames
for suspending and revolving the platform.
7th The combination with a movable staith of a turntable hinged to the staith
so that it may be brought down on to the permanent way when required or turned
up out of the way when not in use and forming a permanent adjunct movable
with the staith substantially as shewn and described.
8th The combination and arrangement of the hoisting platform and the combined
turntable and tipping cradle substantially as shewn and described in figures 22
and 24 for the purpose specified
In witness whereof I the said George Taylor, have hereunto set my hand and
seal this fifteenth day of September A.D. 1883.
2 NAVAD