.IMPROVE- MENTS IN WINDLASSES AND CAPSTANS OF SHIPS' WINDING ADDARATING
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Matthew Paul, of Dumbarton, in the County of
Dumbarton, North Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of ".IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WINDLASSES AND CAPSTANS OF SHIPS' WINDING ADDARATING
Sealed the 31st October 1862, and dated the 2nd May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Paul at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd May
1862.
I, MATTHEW PAUL, of Dumbarton, in the County of Dumbarton, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of, the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDLASSES AND CAPSTANS, OR SHIPS' WINDING APPARATUS,"
to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates generally to improved combined ships' winding
apparatus capable of being conveniently used in various ways, and also
comprises various improvements in details. In one modification of the
improved apparatus provision is, made for driving a windlass by direct
gearing without the intervention of chains or bands, such gearing being
actuated by one or two steam cylinders, and the whole being compactly
combined in one framing. In a convenient arrangement of the details two
vertical cylinders drive an overhead crank shaft, which, by bevil gearing,
imparts motion to a vertical shaft carrying a screw worm, and this worm
actuates a worm wheel fast on the middle of the windlass axle, which has
:

page_text: mounted loosely on it two chain lifting pulleys one on each side of the worm
wheel. Each chain lifting pulley is formed with a brake rim for the action
of a brake strap mounted in the usual way, and is thrown into or out of gear
with the axle by means of ordinary clutches, or, as is preferred, by means of
grooved friction discs (known as Robertson's Patent). These discs or clutches
may be conveniently adjusted by means of screws and nuts fastened to the
end of the windlass axle and connected to the clutches by cross keys inserted
through-slots in the axle. The ratchet wheels or rims may be formed either
upon the chain lifting pulleys or upon the clutch discs. On the worm shaft
there is mounted a pinion which can be thrown into gear with the shaft by a
clutch, and this pinion drives a spur wheel fast on a vertical shaft which
passes up through a deck above to a capstan. The capstan can thus be
worked either by hand or steam power. And on the other hand, when steam
is not available, the windlass may be worked by means of the capstan, the
bevil wheels by which the steam power is applied being in that case thrown
out of gear by a clutch provided for the purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Matthew Paul in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st
October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MATTHEW
PAUL, of Dumbarton, in the County of Dumbarton, North Britain, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Matthew Paul, Her special licence that I, the said Matthew Paul, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Matthew
Paul, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WINDLASSES AND CAPSTANS, OR SHIPS' WINDING APPARATUS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Matthew Paul, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and

page_text: seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Matthew Paul, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates generally to improved combined ships' winding
apparatus, capable of being conveniently used in various ways, and also
comprises various improvements in details. And in order that my said
Invention and the manner of performing the same may be properly under-
stood, I have hereunto appended a Sheet of explanatory Drawings to be
herein-after referred to, and representing two modifications of apparatus
constructed with my improvements. The same reference numerals are used
to mark the same or like parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 is a back elevation, and Figure 2 is a side elevation of one
modification of my improved combined steam windlass and capstan, and
Figure 3 is a vertical section as taken at the line, A, A, in Figure 1, whilst
Figure 5 is a cross section taken through the windlass axle 1, and Figure 7
represents a spanner or lever to be used for putting either of the two chain
lifting pulleys 2 into or out of gear. An important feature of my improved
apparatus is the driving of the windlass by direct gearing without the
intervention of chains or bands, such gearing being actuated by one or two
steam cylinders, and the whole being compactly combined in one framing.
In the example now being described the framing consists of two open
side frames 3, bolted to the lower deck 4, and to the angle-iron flanges
of two plate-iron bitts 5, extending between the lower deck 4 and the upper
deck 6, and one of which bitts is supposed to be removed in Figures 2 and
3. The side frames 3 are connected by cross-pieces, one, 7, at the front, two,
8, 9, at the upper part of the back, and one, 10, across the bottom of the
back, this last being made of extra strength to receive the footstep of a
vertical worm shaft 11, placed aft of the windlass and forming an important
feature of the arrangement. The upper end of this worm shaft 11, is held
in a bearing upon a bar 12, bolted to the top front cross bar 7, and to the
back cross bar 8. The provision for driving the apparatus consists in this
example, of two vertical steam cylinders 13, bolted to the side frames 3, and
aving their piston rods 14 connected by the rods 15 to crank pins upon disc

page_text: -16, upon an overhead shaft 17, carried in bearings upon the tops of the side
frames 3. The shaft 17 carries a bevil wheel 18, which is in gear with a
bevil wheel 19, fast on the vertical worm shaft 11, and this shaft has formed
or fixed upon it a worm 20, which is in gear with and actuates a worm wheel
21, fast on the windlass axle 1. The windlass axle 1 is mounted in bearings
23, formed for it in the back parts of the side frames 3, the worm wheel 21
being fixed upon it centrally between the two end bearings. There are two
chain-lifting pulleys or barrels 2 on the axle 1, one on each side of the central
worm wheel 21, but within the side frame 3. Each chain pulley 2 formed
with a flatly-grooved rim 25 at its inner side or face to receive a brake strap,
and one of the brake straps and the lever 26, by which it is actuated, are seen
uncovered in Figure 3. The brake levers 26 are centered upon the inner
side of the bottom frame piece 10, their outer ends being jointed to rods 27,
which are passed up through eyes formed for them upon the cross frame piece
9, and have their ends screwed to receive nuts 28 by means of which the
brake straps are tightened up, the nuts 28 being formed with sockets to
receive levers to turn them by. The outer side or face of each chain pulley
2 is formed with concentric circular grooves to gear with corresponding
concentric circular ridges upon a combined clutch and ratchet wheel or paul
ring 29, according to the arrangement known as Robertson's Patent. The
chain pulleys are loose on their axle 1, but either is made to turn therewith
by tightening up against it the corresponding clutch wheel 29, such wheel
being itself made to turn with the axle 1, by means of two feathers which
permit of its being moved endways by a key 30, passing through the boss of
the wheel and through a slot in the axle. This key 30 also passes through a
slot in a spindle 31, entered up a central bore in the axle, and the outer end
of the spindle 31 is screwed and tapped through a nut-39, kept in its place
by a ring 33, bolted to the end of the axle. The nut 32 is six-sided
externally to receive the spanner represented in Figure 7, and by turning the
nut 32 the spindle 31 is made to move inwards or outwards the cross key
30, which last shifts the clutch wheel 29 into or out of gear with the chain
pulley 2. Similar details are provided at both ends of the axle 1, so that
both chain pulleys 2 may be actuated independently. The clutch wheels 29
are formed with ratchet teeth for the usual pawls 34 to bear upon, such
pawls being carried by the bitts 5. On the worm shaft 11 there is mounted
a pinion 35, which can be made to turn with the shaft by means of a clutch
36, actuated by the lever 37, and this pinion 35 drives a spur wheel 38
fast on a vertical shaft 39 carried in bearings at the back of the framing,
and which passes up through the deck 6 above to a capstan 40.
The

page_text: capstan 40 can with this arrangement be worked either by hand or steam
power; and on the other hand, when steam is not available, the windlass
axle 1 may be turned by means of the capstan, the bevil wheel 18, by which the
steam power is applied, being in that case thrown out of gear by a clutch 41
provided for the purpose, and actuated by the lever 42. It merely remains to
be mentioned that at 43 are the pipes fitted into the deck in the usual way for.
the passage of the chain or cable from the windlass pulleys 2 to the lockers.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of a slightly modified arrangement of my
improved apparatus, but a description of the separate details will be un-
necessary, as such as are seen are marked with the same reference numerals
as the corresponding parts shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, and the detailed
description herein-before given applies, excepting so far as regards the positions
of some of the parts. In this second modification the framing is arranged so
as to dispense with the bitts (5, Figure 2) between the two decks and the
worm shaft 11 is connected to the capstan shaft 39 by wheels (38 and 35)
below the worm 20 instead of above it as in the first modification. The
framing is made of a somewhat pyramidal form, and consists of two side
frames 3¹ connected by parallel cross bars 71, 81, at the top, and by two
cross bars at the bottom, these last being fitted with footstep bearings for the
worm shaft 11 and for the capstan shaft 39.
Figure 6 represents a modified arrangement for throwing the chain pulleys
2 into and out of gear with the central worm wheel 21. This worm wheel
21 is made with slightly coned rims 44 on each side, and the brake rim 25 of
each chain pulley is shaped internally to fit on the corresponding coned
rin, and when the coned surfaces are wedged together on either side the
corresponding chain pulley 2 is thereby made to turn with the worm wheel
21. To move the chain pulleys 2 into or out of gear a screw thread 45 is
formed near each end of the axle 1, and a flanged nut 46 working on such
thread is connected loosely to the pulley by a ring 47, bolted to the boss of
the pulley. The nut 46 is formed with a notched outer rim as shown in
Figure 8 to receive a spanner or lever 48, such as is also shown in Figure 8,
and whereby it is turned to move the pulley 2 into or out of gear.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention and the manner in
which the same is or may be performed, I have to state that I do not restrict
myself to the precise details berein described or delineated, and that I make
no claim to the working of a windlass by means of a capstan operating
through a worm and worm wheel, but that what I believe to be novel and
original and claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is,―

page_text: 1. The forming of a combined steam windlass with capstan connection sub-
stantially as herein-before described.
2. The actuating of a windlass by means of a worm wheel and worm driven
directly by steam power, substantially as herein-before described.
3. The arranging of the parts of windlasses and steam-engine details for
driving the same in or upon the same framing, substantially as herein-before
described.
4. The combining of the steam windlass details with the capstan so that
either windlass or capstan may be independently driven by the steam power,
or the windlass may be worked by the capstan, substantially as herein-before
described.
5. The engaging and disengaging of the chain pulleys by arrangements
substantially such as are herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Paul, bave hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
MATTHEW PAUL.
(L.S.)