Improvements in Looms for Weaving Narrow Fabrics.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 30th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 22nd Oct., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Narrow Fabrics.
I, DAVID JOHNSTON MACDONALD, of South Saint Roque's Works, Dundee, in the
County of Forfar, North Britain, Engineer and Machine Maker, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say:-
My said invention relates to looms of the kind described in the Patent
Specification of James Ferguson No. 1105 of 1894, and consists in combining
with other parts of such looms certain contrivances which make them better
adapted for weaving narrow fabrics.
In a loom of the kind referred to, separate sets of warps each suitable for the
width of narrow fabric to be woven are arranged with intervals between them.
and bent weft fingers on a reciprocating bar introduce loops of weft into the
sheds formed in the ordinary or any suitable known way in the warps. Instead
of the loops being engaged by fingers combined with a cutting appliance to form
fringes as described in the said earlier specification, the loops of each width of
narrow fabric, are one by one passed by the beat-up action of the lathe, over a
pointed shuttle which lies horizontally at right angles to the wefts in a kind of
cradle and has a rocking motion imparted to it by a rocking shaft or otherwise.
On the backward return of the lathe the loop passes under the shuttle, with the
result that the shuttle thread to which a suitable tension is applied, is made to
pass through the loop and form a selvedge with it.
.
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Improvements in Looms for Weaving Narrow Fabrics.
.I, DAVID JOHNSTON MACDONALD, of South Saint Roque's Works, Dundee, in the
County of Forfar, North Britain, Engineer and Machine Maker, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say:-
My said invention relates to looms of the kind described in the Patent
Specification of James Ferguson No. 1105 of 1894, and consists in combining
with other parts of such looms certain contrivances which make them better
adapted for weaving narrow fabrics.

page_text: In a loom of the kind referred to separate sets of warps each suitable for the
width of narrow fabric to be woven are arranged with intervals between them,
and bent weft fingers, on a reciprocating bar introduce loops of weft into the
sheds formed in the ordinary way or any suitable know way in the warps. Instead
of the loops being engaged by fingers combined with a cutting appliance to form
fringes as described in the said earlier specification, the loops of each width of
pointed shuttle which lies horizontally at right angles to the wefts in a kind of
cradle and has a rocking motion imparted to it by a rocking shaft or otherwise.
On the backward return of the lathe the loop passes under the shuttle, with the
result that the shuttle thread, to which a suitable tension is applied is made to
pass through the loop and form a selvedge with it.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings
to be hereinafter referred to and showing my improvements.
Figure, 1, on the accompanying sheet of drawings is a partial side elevation,
Figure, 2, a partial front elevation, and Figure, 3, a plan of parts of a loom
sufficient to show my improvements. Figure, 4, is a side elevation, of details
drawn to a larger scale.
In carrying out my invention the loom for weaving a number of narrow fabrics
is provided with ordinary or known shedding mechanism, with warp delivery,
and take-up mechanism, such well known parts being omitted to avoid com-
plexity. Separate sets of warps, A, each suitable for the width of narrow fabric
to be woven are arranged with intervals between them. Bent weft fingers, B,
fixed at regular intervals on a reciprocating bar, B¹, carried by the lathe, C, in
guides, D1, D2, introduce loops of weft, E, into the sheds formed in the ordinary
way in the warps, A. To avoid confusion in the drawings only one set of warps, A,
one weft finger, B, one weft, E, and other parts repeated for each of the separate
fabrics are indicated. The reciprocating bar, B³, receives its motion by a pin, B2,
acted on by a cam, F, carried by the lathe, C, and driven by a grooved
shaft, C, which slides through its centre as the lathe moves and is
_connected by a universal joint, C, to gearing, C³, on the crank shaft, G, of the
loom. The weft, E, drawn from any suitable source of supply at the back of the
loom is passed through a tension device, E, thence through a fixed guide eye, E³,
at the lower end of a fixed bracket, E³, and then up to and through a movable
guide eye, F, on a pin which can rise and fall in a slot in the bracket, E. On
the pin carrying the movable guide eye, F, there is a small roller, F, which is
acted on by the outer end of a bent rod, G, attached to the lathe, C. The outer
end of this rod, G¹, is so shaped that on the movement of the lathe the movable
guide eye is raised or lowered as hereinafter described. The weft, E, passes from
the movable guide eye, F, down again to a second fixed guide eye, E, on the lower
end of the bracket,, E3, and thence to a guide eye at the end of the weft finger, B.
A cam, G2, keyed on the crank shaft, G, acts through a connecting rod, H, on
a lever, H¹, keyed on a rocking shaft, H³, which has fast on it (for each fabric)
a rocking arm, H³, connected to a bar, J, sliding in guides in brackets, J, J.
The arm, H³, is curved its lower part returning backwards, under, the lathe rail
and having at its back end a short slot into which projects a pin on the bar, J.
The bar, J, carries a pointed shuttle, J3, lying parallel to the warps in a holder
fixed to the bar and formed with fingers partly embracing the shuttle without
preventing the weft loop from passing over it. A bent wire, K, is fixed on the
outer end of a rod, M, movable in guides, N, P, on the bar, J, the rod being formed
with a collar, Q, between which collar and the guide, N, a spring, R; is placed.
An upwardly projecting part, S, is formed on the wire, K, and on the beat up the
lathe, C, acts on this part of the wire and moves the wire out compressing the
spring, R, which on the return of the lathe takes the wire back.

page_text: When the bent weft finger, B, has just passed the weft loop, E, through the
warp shed, A, by the movement of the reciprocating bar, B₁, the beat-up action
of the lathe combined with the motion transmitted by the cam, G3, through the
connecting rod, H, lever, H', rocking shaft, H2, and rocking arm, H³, attached to
the bar, J, carrying the shuttle, J³, causes the weft loop, E, to pass over the
pointed shuttle, J3, and after the weft finger has returned sufficiently to clear the
shuttle, J3, then the shuttle passes backwards rapidly through the weft loop and
carries its thread through the loop. The weft loop, E, passes off the shuttle, J³,
and falls on the bent end of the wire, K, which assists in tightening the weft so
as to form a good selvedge at the other side of the fabric, the loop afterwards
passing off the wire, K, which is carried forward by the continued beat-up of the
lathe, acting on the upwardly projecting part, S, of the wire and moving it out
against the action of its spring, R, which spring takes the wire, K, back on the
return of the lathe, C. The weft loop, E, when released from the wire, K, falls
on the shuttle thread, L, to which a suitable tension is applied in the shuttle, J³.
(Or the wire, K, may be dispensed with the loop, E, passing off the end of the
shuttle, J³, directly onto the shuttle thread, L.) When beat up by the lathe
the weft loop, E, is drawn tight by the action of the rod, G¹, on the roller, F³,
attached to the movable guide eye, F¹. The shuttle thread, L, thus made to pass
through the weft loop, E, forms a selvedge with it. The lathe, C, then retires
and the shuttle; J³, returns ready for the next shot.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
,
In a loom for weaving narrow fabrics, the combination with ordinary warp
shedding mechanism and with portions of an ordinary reed and a lathe moved in
the ordinary way, of a horizontal weft bar carried by the lathe with means to
make the same reciprocate, of bent weft fingers on the weft bar having weft
threads passing through eyes at the points and which by the reciprocation of the
bar pass loops of weft through the sheds formed in the warps, shuttles to which
a motion parallel to the warps is imparted the shuttles passing through the weft
loops and means for tightening the weft loops substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of August 1898.