Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 4th Oct., 1887.
1, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN SMITH of Somerville in the County of Middlesex and State
of Massachusetts one of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Reference being had to the accompanying drawings where Fig. 1 represents a side
elevation of the improved hand drilling machine; and Fig. 2 represents a horizontal
section on the line A-B shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 represents a central vertical section
of the device. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section of a modified form of
my invention adapted for boring-bits, and Fig. 5 represents a plan view of such
modification.
My invention relates to that class of hand drilling machines commonly termed
"ratchet drills" in which intermittent rotary motion is imparted to the drill socket
spindle by means of the intermittent action of a frictional locking device which locks
the drill spindle and oscillating part together in one direction and disengages it in
the opposite direction.
a is the drill spindle having socketed end al adapted to receive the head of the
drill that is to be used with the machine; the socketed end a¹ has a flange or collar all
made in one piece with it as well as in one piece with the drill spindle a as shown in
Fig. 3.
is another collar or flange which is made adjustable on the drill spindle a by means
of the set screw as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Between the collars a and b is
arranged the hollow hub c of the handle c¹ in such a manner that it surrounds the
drill spindle a. The hub is provided with one or more tapering or cam shaped
recesses c¹¹, c, c" each containing a cylindrical roller d and back of each such roller
is arranged within its tapering recess the spring d' the object of which is to automa-
tically press the roller d towards the narrowest portion of the tapering recess c¹¹ and
thus to press such roller into proper position for action and cause it to impinge against
the interior of the tapering cam-groove or recess c¹¹, as soon as the handle is moved
in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2. By moving the handle c¹ in an
opposite direction the rollers d d d are automatically released from the drill spindle a
and the hub c, thus permitting the handle c¹ to be reciprocated backwards without
moving the drill spindle a.

page_text: The drill spindle a is provided with a central perforation a³ the upper end of which
is made screw-threaded as shown in Fig. 3, and adapted to receive the feed screw e
the upper end of which is secured to, or forms one part of the sleeve e¹ that is made to
surround the hollow drill spindle a as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and to move up and
down on said spindle when turned around its axis. el is a centering point in the
upper end of the sleeve e¹ that is intended to rest in a countersunk recess in a suitable
metal piece when the drilling machine is used as is common in machines of this kind.
es, are lateral perforations in the sleeve e¹ into which a rod or suitable key may be
inserted for turning the sleeve e¹ and its screw e, around its axis during the operation
of drilling.
The device shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 is especially designed for drilling holes in
metal, but for boring wood I use the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5 in which
a, a, a, b, b, c, c¹ and d are parts identical with those described heretofore when
referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and the construction and operation of the parts are the
same.
In the two opposite ends of the drill spindle a in Figs. 4 and 5 I make a tapering
perforation a, a, preferably made square as shown one of which is adapted to receive
the head of the boring bit and the other to receive the correspondingly tapered lower
end of the shank that is preferably journalled to the knob or handle f¹ in a similar
manner to which bit stocks are made. If it is desired to bore a hole in a corner of a
room, box or other object the device shown in Figs. 4 and 5 is placed in the desired
position with the bit inserted in or secured in a suitable manner in the lower tapering
perforation at and the shank f with its handle f inserted in the upper end of the drill
spindle a, and during the operation of boring the operator reciprocates the handle c¹
and its hub c with one hand causing the boring bit to be intermittently reeiprocated,
while with his other hand on the knob or handle f¹ he guides and presses the bit into
the wood as the work progresses. To withdraw the bit after the hole has been drilled
deep enough it is only necessary to disconnect the hand drilling machine from the bit,
remove the shank fand its handle f¹ and reverse the position of the machine on the
bit and attach the shank fand its handle f¹ in such reversed position to the drilling
machine; if now the handle c¹ is reciprocated it will cause the drill spindle and its bit
to turn in an opposite direction to that in which they were originally turned thereby
causing the bit to work out of the hole.
The improved drilling machine is very simple in construction very strong and
durable, noiseless in its operation and no loss of motion is had in reciprocating the
handle c', as is a common fault with the ordinary ratchet drills.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The improved hand-drilling machine consisting of the drill spindle a, having recess
in its lower end to receive the drill and the collars a¹¹ bas described and having the
sleeve e surrounding the upper end of the drill spindle a and provided with the screw e
working in a screw thread in the said drill spindle in combination with the hub. c of
the handle c', said hub surrounding the drill spindle between its collars and having
one or more tapering recesses c¹ for the rollers d and springs d'as and for the purpose
set forth.