Improvements in Type-founders' Pumps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 16th May, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type-founders' Pumps.
I, JOHN WEST, of 642 West Monroe Street, Chicago, Illinois, United States
of America, Artisan, do hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of pumps used by type-
founders for injecting molten metal into type-casting machines, and has for its
object to provide a pump or apparatus of this character with certain features that
will permit of the use of a much harder type metal than is possible under the ordinary
arrangement.
The difficulty met with in attempting to cast type from a harder metal or alloy
than is ordinarily used, is, that the molten metal will adhere to the plunger or driver
and other working parts and surfaces with which the metal has contact; causing the
plunger and other parts to clog and stick in their working position, thus rendering
the operation impracticable.
Under the ordinary arrangement the piston, the contracted cylindrical neck-
passage through which it works, and the valve-plug closing the discharge-passage
into the mold have been composed of metal.
The object, therefore, of this invention is to provide a pump-plunger and other
moving parts and surfaces, with which the molten metal has contact, of a refractory
and non-adhesive material or substance to which the molten metal will not adhere,
or have the effect of soldering the parts together and thus preventing successful
working.
Mechanism for operating the pump is also shown in the drawing and set forth in
the Specification.
In the drawing:
Figure 1 is an elevation of a pump-apparatus embodying my improved features.
Figure 2, a vertical, broken-away section through the metal reservoir and well-
chamber.
Figure 3, a detached elevation of a valve-plug.
Figure 4, a broken-away detail of construction; and
Figure 5, a horizontal section on line 5, Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated
by the arrow.
A represents a casing, B the metal reservoir inclosed thereby, and B' a supporting-
base, to the lower part of which is attached the pump operating-mechanism.
The inclosing base-support is open for the introduction of a gas or other
burner, B, for the purpose of reducing the metal and maintaining it in the required
molten or fluid state. The relative position of the burner or heating-attachment,
with reference to the metal-holding reservoir, is indicated by dotted lines in
Fig. 2.
The pump-plunger, driver or piston, C, is composed of a carbon composition or
other suitable non-metallic or non-adhesive material to which the molten inetal will
not adhere or solder the plunger in its working passage. Some qualities of crucible
material, fire-clay and asbestos, the carbon compound used for electric lights, and
other refractory materials have been found available.
The metal reservoir is provided with a well-chamber, D, having a neck-part
extension, a, in which the plunger works. The plunger being necessarily close-
fitting in the cylindrical neck-passage to the well-chamber, it is obvious that the

page_text: iron sockets or supports whereby the ordinary brass coupling and soldered joints
are dispensed with.
According to my invention I form the joint between the lower end of a lead
pipe and its iron socket or support by means of two or more lead rings fitting round
the said end, the said rings forming a packing between the pipe and the inner
surface of the socket or support.
The inside of the end of the pipe is fitted with a thin iron tube for enabling
the pipe to resist the pressure necessary for caulking the said rings, and the said
end is slightly bulged to form a bearing surface between it and the socket.
The said rings are hammered down or caulked until they fill up the space
between the pipe and the socket suitable packing material being previously placed
between the rings.
To form a joint between two lengths of a lead pipe and an iron wall bracket
or support the upper end of the lower length is bulged out or enlarged to fit the
inner surface of the wall bracket, the lower end of the upper length is then placed
in the said enlarged end of the lower length and the space formed between the two
filled up with molten lead and caulked thus forming a tight joint. A recess may
be formed in the inner wall of the bracket, and consequently in the lead pipe fitted
thereto, into which the molten lead runs so as to act as a key to the said lead.
According to a modification for forming a joint between a lead pipe and a socket
forming the end of an iron pipe I extend the latter a short distance within the
socket and fit around it a loose leaden tube, I then partially fill up the space
between the latter and the socket with molten lead the remaining space being
filled up with a wooden ring formed with a flange bearing against the outer end of
the socket. The end of the leaden tube is then beut over and forced against the
outer side of the flange of the said wooden ring. The lead pipe to be joined is
then placed in position against the turned over end of the leaden tube its end being
bevelled so as to fit against a bevelled portion of the said tube. The lead pipe
and leaden tube are then suitably soldered together, thus forming a tight joint.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings illustrating my invention
Figure 1 is a section of my improved joint or coupling, the lower portion
showing the joint formed between the lower end of a lead pipe and an iron socket,
and the upper portion the joint between the upper end of a lead pipe with its
bracket or support, and the lower end of another lead pipe.
Figure 2 shows a modified form of joint.
Figure 3 is a cross section on line x of Figure 1 and
Figure 4 a cross section on line y y of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is an elevation of an iron branch pipe with a lead pipe connected
thereto.
a is the iron socket or support formed on the end of a pipe a¹ and 6 is the lead
pipe to be joined thereto. The end is slightly enlarged to receive the thin iron
tube c which acts as a support to the lead pipe b against the pressure occasioned
by the caulking of the lead rings d carried on the end of the said pipe and the
end of the latter is enlarged or bulged out at 6' to form a bearing between it and
the inner end of the socket, e is any suitable packing material placed between the
rings d.
In order to form a joint between the lead pipe b and another lead pipe f the
end of the pipe 6 is bulged out to fit the interior of the wall bracket or support g
of the said pipes. The end of the pipe f bears against the ledge 62 of the
pipe b when placed in position within the bracket g, and the space formed between
the two pipes is then filled up with molten lead h which is caulked to form a
tight joint a recess being preferably formed into which the lead runs so as to
form a key thereto.
In the modification shown in Figure 2 the end a 2 of the iron pipe a¹ is
extended a short distance within the socket a. Around this end is placed a
loose leaden tube i provided with a flange bearing against the inner end of
the said socket. Having placed the tube i in position molten lead his poured

page_text: in so as to partially fill the space between the tube i and the socket, which lead is.
then caulked to form a tight joint.
The rest of the space is then filled by a wooden ring k provided with a curved
flange bearing against the outer end of the socket a and formed with a bevelled
portion k 2. The outer end of the tube i is then bent over and forced against the
curved surface of the flange k after which the lead pipe to be joined is placed
in position so that its bevelled end bears against the bevelled portion of the
turned over tube i.
The pipe is then soldered by solder m to the curved end of the tube i and
the joint is complete.
The wooden ring k is for the purpose of preventing any moisture ascending to
the solder m of the pipe l.
In Figure 5 n is an iron pipe formed with a branch n¹ to the socket n 2 of which
is connected the lead pipe o in manner such as herein before described.
As my improvements are capable of some slight modification without departing
from the principle of this my invention I do not restrict myself to the precise form
or placement of the parts thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. In joining or coupling lead pipes to iron sockets or supports the employment
of lead rings surrounding the end of the lead pipe and caulked between the said
pipe and the interior of the socket, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
2. In means for joining lead pipes to iron sockets the combination with the
socket a of the lead pipe 6 recessed to receive the iron supporting tube c, and the
lead rings d and packing e surrounding the tube and caulked in the space
between the lead tube and the socket substantially as described and for the purposes
specified.
3. In joining separate lengths of lead pipes together in an iron bracket or support
the combination with the bracket 9 and lead pipe b of the lead pipe f, shoulder 6 2,
caulked lead packing hand recess substantially as described and shown in
Figure 1 of the drawings.
4. In means for joining lead and iron pipes and sockets together the combina-
tion with the socket a and iron pipe a¹ of the caulked lead packing h, the leaden
tube i formed with a flange, the wooden ring k provided with a flange k', bevelled
at k 2, and the lead pipe bevelled at and soldered at m to the tube i,.
substantially as described and shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.
5. The improved means for joining or coupling lead pipes to iron sockets or
supports, substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
Dated this 24th day of March 1896.
J. B. FLEURET,
5 Hatton Garden, London, Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: therefrom, a nozzle at the mouth of said passage, and a valve-plug of refractory
and non-adhesive material substantially as described, the named elements and their
necessary co-operating parts in combination, substantially as described.
5. The combination, in a type-founder's pump, of the metal reservoir having a
well-chamber with its neck lined with refractory and non-adhesive composition, a
plunger of like character working in said neck, the passage from the well-chamber
having a nozzle, and a valve-plug of refractory and non-adhesive material operating
therein, and means for reciprocating said plunger and valve-plug, all combined
substantially as described.
6. A pump for pumping molten metal having the usual metal well and heating-
apparatus, a driver for the molten metal and a passage for the driver having
wearing-surfaces covered with refractory and non-adhesive material of the described
characteristics as to heat and adhesion of alloys, and means for operating the same,
all combined substantially as described.
Dated this 11th dow of Fahnu 190
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.