Improvements in Appliances for Utilizing Exhaust Steam for Heating and Purifying Feed Water for Boilers and for Heating Air for Combustion Purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 9th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 14th Aug.,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Appliances for Utilizing Exhaust Steam for
Heating and Purifying Feed Water for Boilers and for Heating
Air for Combustion Purposes.
I, BARDEN WALTON TAYLOR, of Denver, in the County of Arapahoe, and State of
Colorado, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention has for its object the provision of an apparatus to arrest and hold in
a continuous round of service as a motor heat and vapor of exhaust steam and utilize
other waste products of boiler furnaces; to purify the water of condensation by
eliminating therefrom all oil and grease; to precipitate all mineral and other matter
from the feed water prior to admitting it into the boiler, whereby incrustation is
obviated or reduced to a minimum; to supply the necessary air to the water of
condensation whereby explosion from a deficit of air is avoided and economy in the
consumption of fuel is secured; to supply the water to the boiler at a temperature
beyond the boiling point, and lastly, to reduce the consumption of the fuel to a
minimum, and to provide a contrivance for attaining all the ends aforesaid in an
effective and practicable way.
For a full understanding of the merits and advantages of the invention reference
should be had to the accompanying drawings and the following description. The
improvement is susceptible of various changes in form, proportions, and the minor
details of construction without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the
advantages thereof, and to a full disclosure of the invention and adaptation thereof is
shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking to the left.
Fig. 4 is a section drawn on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an apparatus for effecting the objects of this
invention, of more simple construction, and having the parts differently related.
Fig. 7 is a plan view of a layer of the bank or series of horizontal pipes entering
into the formation of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 6, the casing and vertical baffle
plates being shown in section.
In addition to the advantages enumerated, others are contemplated, and will appear
to those skilled in the art as the invention is comprehend ed, and to this end reference
is to be had to the designating characters of the figures of the drawings and the
following description, in which like numerals of reference denote similar and
corresponding parts.
The invention appears in the form of an oblong box 1, having a series of horizontal
compartments, preferably five, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, with their several subdivisions, each
working out an essential part of the final result of returning the heat of exhaust steam
back to the boiler and furnace and converting the same into effective energy for future
service.
The central or middle section 4 is the air chamber provided to arrest and return the

page_text: heat of exhaust steam.
This section 4 is comprised between upper and lower flue
sheets 7, and 8 of steel, spaced about eighteen inches apart and connected by upright
flues 9 alternately arranged or staggered. These flues 9 have their ends expanded
into the flue sheets so as to provide a substantial and firm joint. Above the upper
flue sheet 7 is set the upper horizontal baffle plate 10, which forms the bottom of the
three settling basins 11, 12, and 13 located in the compartment 2. These settling
basins are over a succession of steam chambers 14 which are formed by means of
upright baffle plates 18 placed between the upper flue sheet 7 and the upper horizontal
baffle plate 10. Immediately below the air chamber is arranged the lower horizontal
baffle plate 15, forming with the flue sheet 8, the compartment 5, which is cut into a
succession of return steam chambers 16 by upright baffle plates 17. The upper and
lower baffle plates 18 and 17 are so set that the lower one to the right sets out from
the right-hand end of the box and cuts the second chamber above in the centre so
that the exhaust steam coming in at the pipe 19 above is received in the first chamber
of the series 14. This first chamber is three times the capacity of the exhaust pipe 19
to allow for the expansion of steam and prevent back pressure on the engine. The
steam driven down through the first section of upright flues 9 on the right enters the
first of the series of return steam chambers 16 and is checked by the lower horizontal
baffle plate 15, and at the first upright baffle plate 17 the steam is turned up through
other upright flues into the second steam chamber of the series 14, and is thus driven
down and up to the left by these return steam chambers 14 and 16 and the upright
flues 9 until it reaches the last chamber of the series 14 above, and if there is any
steam not condensed it passes out at the escape pipe 20.
The steam on its winding way or zigzag course through these upright flues and
chambers from right to left in this box performs four essential offices in the results
sought. The cold and impure water from any source of supply to make up the
deficiency of pure feed-water resulting from condensing the exhaust steam passes
through an upper coil 21 back and forth and flows out at 22 into the settling basin 11.
In this settling basin 11, the coarse sediment held in suspension by the water is
precipitated, and the water is raised to a temperature of about 190 degrees and flows
over a baffle plate 23 into the settling basin 12 and has its temperature raised to
200 degrees, and the finer flour of lime and gypsum is precipitated, and again the
water flows over a baffle plate 23 into the settling basin 13 and from thence into a
pipe 24 to the compartment 6, which is a pure-water tank. By having the coil of
pipe 21 enveloped in steam all along in section 3 and the repeated action of the
steam playing up and striking the under side of the upper horizontal baffle plate 10,
the deficit of feed-water purified and the impurities that form crust in boilers are
precipitated in the settling basins 11, 12 and 13, from which they can be removed
with little trouble by the use of a shovel. The distance travelled through the upright
flues and the upper and lower return steam chambers will be extensive, aggregating
about sixty feet in length, and the steam acting on the surface of all the flues and
the surface of the upper and lower flue sheets is exposed to about three hundred and
forty square feet of iron surface that absorbs the heat of the steam and transmits it
into the space between the upright flues, and a fan 25 kept in action at about sixteen
revolutions per minute, moves the heat out into a collector 26 and on through a
conveyer 27 into the furnace to promote combustion of fuel, since this air for
supporting combustion is raised to about two hundred and fifty degrees of heat by
exhaust steam. The rule developed by heat conservators is that one hundred degrees
of heat returned is ten per cent. of fuel saved.
The attachment or collector 26 works out several useful results, and is supplied with
a gate 28, and when dry hot air is wanted for drying or heating purposes this gate is
shut down and the hot air is forced by the fan out through openings 29 to where it is
wanted. A thermometer 30, to determine the temperature of the hot air going to
the furnace or dry kiln, is located on the top of the collector. 31 is a pipe bringing
in the exhaust steam from the hot-water pump. By this steam from the pump the
deficit of oxygen in air is made up and combustion is completed, provided always that
the hot oxygenized air is let in through a hollow bridge wall of the furnace with

page_text: openings upward so as to distribute the oxygenized air evenly across the furnace to
catch all the receding incandescent particles of carbon before they cool down below a
kindling temperature.
The lower horizontal baffle plate 15 receives all the condensed water from the steam
and with it the oil coming in the steam from the cylinder head. This oil is dangerous
and must be removed, and to do this the lower upright baffle plates 17 are lifted
one-half inch from the horizontal baffle plate 15 and the device is tilted in setting
one-half inch to the left to force the reduced water to flow into the oil extract or 32.
33 is a pipe that lets the condensed water and oil through. This pipe has a valve 34,
which is kept closed, and the water flows down and up through a U pipe or trap 35,
and the oil finally rises and floats on the top of the water in the extractor or
separator 32, where the oil accumulates and separates from the last traces of water
and is drained out at 36. The pipe 37 connecting the fan spout 37 and the oil
extractor 32 serves two very important purposes; first, to separate the oil from the.
reduced water, and second, to restore the reduced water to its normal condition for
producing steam. The left leg of the water trap 35 in the oil extractor terminates
about two inches below the surface of the water, and the reduced water coming up
through it spreads out all over the surface, and the cold air driven in by the fan
through the pipe 37 spreads all over this water and cools the oil sufficiently to liquefy
it, when it separates and floats on the water and is driven out through 36, and at
the same time this cold fresh air froin the fan aerates the reduced water and restores
it to its normal condition to produce steam.
There is a certain but unknown quantity of air in water, and every time it is raised
to steam and condensed a portion of this air is expelled, and as the air is expelled
more fuel is required to convert the water into steam. When all the air is expelled
the water will not be converted into steam at all, but when it is raised to about three
hundred degrees it explodes with the force and fury of giant powder. This device
prevents a waste of coal and this danger of explosion, and assists in separating the oil
from the condensed water. As the air is driven out of feed water it requires more
and more coal to keep up steam and after the air is eliminated and a temperature of
three hundred degrees is reached the crash of an explosion comes and the destruction
of life and property follows. The greater part of the oil is kept back by the upright
plates until the valve is opened and the water is lowered, and water and oil flow under
the upright baffle plates and out through the valve into the oil extractor, where, while
the engine is stopped, the oil gathers and passes out at 36. The condensed water
that is constantly delivered through the trap 35 finds its way into the feed-water
tank 6 through an opening 45 at the bottom.
A bulb or float 38 has its stem 39 attached to a faucet 40 which regulates the
feed-water going into the coil 21. In compartment 5 is placed a coil 41 of two-inch
pipes for the purpose of super-heating the feed water. The hot-water pump takes the
feed water out of tank 6, at 42, and forces it into this coil at 43, at a temperature of
two hundred and ten degrees, and the water being under pressure and subjected to
the heat of the exhaust steam playing on the coil has its temperature considerably.
raised. The steam playing upon the upper and the lower coils brings the feed-water
for boilers out at 44, fully up to the temperature and elastic driving power of the
exhaust steam. Water under pressure in pipes or boilers after it is raised above two
hundred and twelve degrees temperature is compressed steam. This device feeds
boilers with compressed steam far above two hundred and twelve degrees or boiling
temperature. At sea level this device holds four hundred degrees of the heat of
exhaust steam as a perpetual motor on and after the steam gage on the boiler
registers sixty pounds pressure, and a relative quantity above and below that pressure..
A reliable rule for coal saving is that two hundred degrees of heat returned is ten per
cent. of fuel saved. This four hundred degrees of heat returned is therefore forty
per cent. of fuel saved.
The settling basins of the compartment 2 are prevented from flooding by locating
one or more relief pipes 46 in the said compartment and connecting them with the

page_text: baffle plate 10, the upper end of this relief pipe or pipes terminating a short distance
from the top or cover of the box.
In the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 6 the fan, the oil extractor, the collector,
and the settling basins are identical with the corresponding elements herein fully
described and illustrated, and the like parts are indicated by the same reference
characters. In this structure the flue sheets 7 and 8 are omitted, together with the
baffle plates 17 and 18 and the upright flues 9, and are substituted by a bank of
pipes 47 which are horizontally disposed and communicate at their opposite ends with,
the fan through the connection 37* and the collector 26. The coils 21 and 41 are
retained and are located adjacent to the respective baffle plates 10 and 15, the bank
of pipes 47 being located between them. The pipes 47 are arranged at different
levels, and those of each level are subdivided into sections or groups of three which
communicate at their opposite ends with the fan and the collector. Vertical baffle
plates 48 are alternately related so as to compel the exhaust steam entering through
the pipe 19 to pass through the middle compartment 44, in a zigzag direction as 1
indicated by the arrows, thereby insuring a utilization of the waste product. These
baffle plates 48 are spaced a proper distance apart, and the top edges of the alternate
ones touch the baffle plate 10, and the lower edges of the intermediate ones touch the
baffle plate 15, thereby leaving spaces at the opposite ends of adjacent baffle plates, as
shown. The baffle plates 48 have openings through which pass the individual pipes 2
of the bank of pipes 21, 47 and 41, and they serve to support and maintain the various
pipes at fixed distances apart.
In the apparatus shown in Fig. 6 the exhaust steam passes around and amongst
the pipes 21, 47 and 41, and the air to be heated is forced through the pipes 47,
thereby differing in operation from the construction illustrated most clearly in Fig. 2, 2
in which the exhaust steam is compelled to pass through the upright flues 9 and the
air to be heated around and amongst the said flues. A relief pipe 49 connects the
upper portion of the compartment with the upper portion of the compartment 6 so
as to obviate pressure upon the surface of the water in the compartment 6 and the
consequent overflow over the edges of the oil extractor by providing for the escape of 3
any steam which may tend to collect in the upper portion of the compartment 6 into
the compartment 1, as will be readily understood.
Having now fully illustrated and explained each general compartment and
co-operative subdivision of the invention and how all these five co-ordinate divisions
and their dependent subdivisions work out the final result of arresting and holding a
in one continuous round of service the heat of exhaust steam and utilizing other lost
products of boiler furnaces, and the plan of purifying feed-water without the use of
chemicals, and the plan of supplying the deficit of oxygen from exhaust steam to
complete the combustion of fuel, including smoke, and
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said 4
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination, a compartment subdivided to provide a series of communicating
settling basins, a compartment immediately below the settling basins and in
communication with the last settling basin of the series, means for circulating exhaust
steam or other waste heat product through the lower compartment, and a coil of pipe
located within the lower compartment, and having communication with the first
settling basin of the series, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In combination, upper and lower compartments, baffle plates subdividing the
lower compartment into a series of chambers, means for passing exhaust steam or
other waste heat product through each of the said chambers, and a coil of pipe located
in the lower compartment and supported and held in place by passing through
openings in the said baffle plates, and having one end in communication with a water
supply, and having its opposite end opening into the upper compartment, substantially
as set forth.
3. In combination, an upper compartment subdivided into a series of settling

page_text: basins, a lower compartment in communication with the last settling basin, an upper
and a lower coil of pipe confined between the upper and lower compartiments, the
upper coil of pipe extending into the first of the series of settling basins, and means
for circulating or passing exhaust steam or other waste heat product through the
enclosure formed between the upper and lower compartments, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
4. In combination, a compartment, a bank of flues or pipes located in the
compartment, baffle plates subdividing the said compartment, independent means for
passing air and exhaust steam through the said compartment, and a separator in
communication with the lowest point of the said compartment to receive the water of
condensation and remove the oil therefrom, substantially as set forth.
5. In combination, a compartment having its bottom inclined towards a given
point, baffle plates subdividing the compartment into a series of chambers and having
their lower edges arranged a short distance from the bottom of the compartment, a
separator in the plane of the compartment, and a pipe communicating with the lowest
point of the compartment and having a trap located in the separator, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
6. In an apparatus for converting exhaust steam into motive power and utilizing
other waste heat products of boiler furnaces and engines, the combination of a
compartment subdivided into a series of settling basins, a second compartment
disposed contiguous to the first mentioned compartiment, a coil of pipes located in the
second compartment and opening into the first compartment, and means for circulating
exhaust steam through the second compartiment and around the coil of pipes therein,
substantially as set forth for the purpose described.
7. In combination, a water compartment, a separator contiguous to and having
communication at its lower end with the compartment, a second compartment placed
above the first compartment and adapted to have the exhaust steam passed there
through, a trap located in the separator and communicating with the second
compartment and receiving the water of condensation therefrom and means for
supply a blast of air to the separator to facilitate the separation of the oil and aerate
the condensed water, substantially as set forth.
8. In combination, a settling compartment, a water compartment located below
the settling compartment and in communication therewith, an intermediate
compartment subdivided by baffle plates, means for passing exhaust steam through
the intermediate compartment, a coil of pipe in the intermediate compartment, and
communicating with the settling compartment, a separator in communication with
the water compartment, and a float operated by the change of water level in the
coil of pipe,
separator to open or close a controlling valve in the aforesaid
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
9. In combination, a settling compartment, a steam compartment to receive the
exhaust steam, a water compartment, a separator in communication at its lower end
with the water compartment and having connection with the settling and the steam
compartments, a trap located in the separator and adapted to have the water of
condensation passed therethrough, a coil of pipe extending through the steam
compartment and opening into the settling compartment, and having a faucet. in its
length, and a float operating in the separator and adapted to control the faucet to
regulate the supply of water to the settling compartment, substantially as set forth.
10. The herein described apparatus for utilizing exhaust steam and similar waste
products, the same embodying in its organization a middle compartiment supplied
with a vertical set of flues, a fan communicating with one end of the said
compartment, a collector having connection with the opposite end of the said
compartment and provided with a cut-off and branch pipes, a second compartment
placed above the first compartiment and subdivided into a series of steain chambers by
vertically-arranged baffle plates, a third compartment placed below the first
compartment and subdivided by various baffle plates into a series of steam chambers,
the baffle plates of the third compartment alternating in position with the baffle plates
of the second compartment and having a space at their lower edges, a coil of pipe in

page_text: the third compartment, a fourth compartment placed above the second compartment
and subdivided into a series of communicating settling chambers, a coil of pipe
located in the second compartment and leading into the fourth compartment, and
having a faucet in its length, a separator having communication with the third
compartment and with the fan, a trap in the separator receiving the water of
condensation from the third compartment, a float to control the faucet, and a fifth
or water compartment in communication with the lower portion of the separator, the
parts being arranged to operate substantially in the manner and for the purpose set
forth.
11. In a heat conservator, the combination of a settling compartment, a steam
compartment, a water compartment, and a super-heating coil located in the steam
compartment and receiving its supply from the water compartment, substantially as
described whereby the water is delivered to the boiler fully up to the temperature
and the elastic driving power of the exhaust steam, substantially as described.
12. In combination, a settling compartment, a water compartment in communication
with the settling compartment and arranged below it. an intermediate aamuantment
- vertue-compartment, and means for forcing a
blast of air through the intermediate compartment and into the separator for
condensing the exhaust steam, extracting the oil therefrom, and supplying the
necessary air to the water of condensation, substantially in the manner set forth for
the purpose described.
Dated this 9th day of February 1007