IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BOILER AND OTHER APPARATUS FOR LOCOMOTIVE CARRIAGES
Year: 1833

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Sir
CHARLES WEBB DANCE, of Hertsborn Mavor Place, in the County of Hertford,
Knight, Lieutenant-Colonel, and JOSHUA FIELD, of Lambeth, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twentieth day of August, in the fourth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Sir Charles Webb Dance and Joshua Field, His especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that we, the said Sir Charles Webb Dance and
Joshua Field, our exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Sir Charles Webb Dance and Joshua Field, our exors, adiñors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at
all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BOILER AND
OTHER APPARATUS FOR LOCOMOTIVE CARRIAGES;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that we, the said Sir Charles Webb Dance and
Joshua Field, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled
in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,
as as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, that we, the
said Sir Charles Webb Dance and Joshua Field, do hereby declare that the
nature of our Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be per-
formed, are particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
description thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
The first part of our said Invention consists of a contrivance by the aid of
which an efficient boiler may be made entirely of tubes, without the necessity
of any large chamber, reservoir, or seperator. Every part of the boiler having to
sustain the pressure being cylindrical and of small diameter, it will admit of
steam being raised to great elastic force without danger from explosion. This
renders it peculiarly applicable to locomotive purposes, as the pressure may be
safely increased when required to overcome the hills and extraordinary resis-
tance of common roads. The boiler so contrived is very light compared with
the power it is capable of affording, and the fire tubes are so arranged that any
of them can be easily taken out if injured by the fire, and repaired or.
replaced.
:
The second part of our Invention consists in an application of the same
contrivance for seperating the particles of water. in the tubes which have been
condensed from the steam in its passage through the engine, thereby returning
much water to the reservoir that would otherwise be carried away with the
steam, which is very important in locomotive engines.
Our method of effecting the separation of the water from the steam is
described by a Drawing hereunto annexed of a boiler of tubes constructed in
the manner in which, we arrange them. Figure 1 is a tranverse section of
the boiler. Figure 2 a plan. Figure 3, a longitudinal section. Figure 4, an
exterior view. The whole of the tubes are represented in these Drawings are
inclosed in a casing of thin plate iron, which in each view is shewn only in
section. The boiler here represented is composed of thirty sets of tubes,
which are all nearly alike, and have all their upper and lower extremities in
communication. As each set of these tubes is in fact a boiler it will be quite
sufficient to describe one, the operation being the same in all, each boiler con-
tributing its share to the general stock of steam. Figure 1 is a tranverse
section of the arrangement of the tubes. a, b, c, is that part of the tube
acted upon by the fire; the lower part from a to b constitutes a fire or grate
bar, and from 6 to c is acted upon by the ascending flame d; e is a perpendicu-
lar pipe, not immediately acted upon by the fire; f is an elbow pipe connecting
the upper ends of the pipes a, b, c; and d, e, f, g, h, is a pipe leading upwards
from the entrance of the elbow pipe f; i is horizontal pipe connecting the

page_text: upper ends of the whole range of pipes g, h; j is a similar pipe connecting the
lower ends of the whole range of pipes a, b, c, and d, e. Having described one
set of pipes, and the manner in which the row of fifteen of them are united
above and below, and inspection of the Drawing will shew how two hanges of
pipes are combined, the bent tubes alternately crossing each other from the
grate, leaving sufficient space between each tube or bar for air to pass to supply
the fire; the bends of the tubes form the sides of the fire-place, and the part
of the tubes from 6 to c the top. It will also be observed that near the ends
of the boiler the tubes are bent shorter, so that the fire-place is of an oval
form, having a door at each end, the one to feed the fire and the other to rake
it out. Those two rows of pipes are united at the lower parts by a pipe at
each end k, k, and at the upper parts by two pipes 1, 1; thus every pipe is in
free communication both below and above. The operation of the boiler is as
follows: Water is forced in the end of one of the pipes j, and rises in all the
pipes to the level marked in the elbow pipe f. The fire is then lighted on the
tube a, b, which soon causes the water within, the tube a, b, c, to ascend the
inclination which they are formed, and passed into the elbow f, and be dis-
charged into the pipe d, e, where it descends to the lower part of the bent pipe,
and again returns into circulation through the fire tubes a, b, c. The heat being
continued, the water, mixed with steam, will, in the violence of ebulition, be
thrown into the elbow f, where the particles of water are carried by the momem-
tumn pass the branch pipe g, h, and reflected downwards by the upper curve of
the elbow finto the pipe d, e, which being a cooler medium, and not being acted
upon by the fire, it subsides, and returns again into circulation, while the
lighter particles of steam divides themselves from the water in the elbow, and
ascends the pipe g, h, there uniting with the product of every tube is stored in
the upper pipes, and carried by one pipe to the engine. Figure 5 represents
an enlarged view of one of the elbow pipes, in which the quiescent surface of
the water is shewn by the line M, N, and the motion of the water in the tubes is
attempted to be shewn by arrows; the height of the water in the tubes is
ascertained by gage cocks at 0, p, q, r, and the feet of the boiler regulated
accordingly.
The second part of our Invention, as before stated, is the application of the
same principle for separating the water from the steam in tubes after it has
passed the engine, taking advantage of the momentum of the particles of water
mechanically mixed with steam to drive them into a cooler medium past an
opening or openings by which the steam ascends and escapes into the chimney
or draft pipe, if the waste steam is used for that purpose.
Although we believe the arrangement of the boiler described in this Speci-

page_text: fication to be novel in several parts, we only claim in the first the separation of
the water from the steam in the boiler by taking advantage of the momentum
the particles of water possess to carry them past the steam exit, and reflect
them into a cooler medium; while the steam possessing no momentum leaves
the water, and ascends to the upper part of the boiler.
In the second part of our Invention we claim the application of the same.
contrivance to separate the condensed water from the steam within tubes after
it has left the engine.
.The mode of applying the principle of our Invention may be greatly varied,
the tubes may be differently arranged, but we have given the method which
we have found completely to answer the purpose.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Webb Dance and Joshua
Field, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and