IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Henry, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR AERATING LIQUIDS."--A communication from abroad by Jean Auguste
Bazet, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris.
Sealed the 10th October 1861, and dated the 23rd April 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Henry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
April 1861.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS," Communicated to me from abroad
by Jean Auguste Bazet, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris, to be as
follows:-
It is proposed to construct an apparatus, the body of which is wholly of
glass and forms three chambers, being arranged thus:-Suppose two glass
vessels, each having a "kick," hollow, or concavity at one end, at which part they
are caused to adhere or connected together, and so form three chambers, two
being the vessels themselves, and the third the intermediate space formed by
"

page_text: Placed with the mouth or neck
other vessel upward, the lowest
their united concavities where they meet.
of one vessel downward and that of the
chamber is the generator in which the gas is generated, the uppermost the
condenser in which the gas is diffused in the liquid to be aerated, and the
intervening chamber is the purifier in which the gas is washed or purified.
The apparatus is so contrived that the liquid from the purifier only is used to
I so set the
generate the gas, and all that in the condenser is aerated.
apparatus in a frame or stand that it may be oscillated or rocked and swing
round or inverted therein. To bind the vessels together metal straps or
binding picces are employed connected at each end to collars on the necks of
the vessel, and so fastened that they may be tightened more or less to impart
to them the required tension. They may be attached by bolts or screws
passing through lugs, and hold the collars in place without cement. The
lower neck is closed by a stopper screwed on the collar, and carrying a rod
which enters within the vessel and terminates in a perforated funnel or cup
which fits in an opening in the part of the lower vessel forming the
base of the purifier, on the upper side of which purifier is another
opening (formed in the base of the condenser) in which is a pad, stopper,
or plug perforated with holes too small for liquid to pass, but affording
a passage for gas; this plug would fly up if the pressure of gas became
excessive, and thus acts as a safety valve. On the top neck is a stopper
with an
arrangement for drawing off the nerated liquid by turning a collar or
cap instead of using a lever; to the stopper is attached an adjutage or tubular
piece, which has the internal discharge tube fitted to it at one end, and it also
has screwed to it a cap or collar, to which is connected a stem carrying a piece
of caoutchouc or similar substance, forming a valve at the mouth of the internal
discharge tube, which is thus opened and closed by turning the cap or collar
to control the escape of the liquid through the spout or external discharge
tube. This arrangement may be modified by using two valves one over the
other, one opening when the other closes, so that no gas can escape.
The apparatus is attached to its frame by pivots, pins, or axes, on the
binding straps at the level of the centre of oscillation, and is preferably pro-
tected from accidents by a wirework jacket or envelope attached to the collars
on the necks, which prevents glass fragments from flying out or escaping if
the vessel should fracture. This form of apparatus is chiefly for generating gas
with powders, as bicarbonate of soda and tartaric acid, and is thus used:--The
condenser is filled with liquid and closed, the apparatus inverted, and the gene-
rator stopper removed, the purifier filled with water, the powders placed in

page_text: the generator, and its stopper closed, and the apparatus returned to its pre-
vious position, the generator downwards; the apparatus is then swung to and
fro, and the water from the purifier drops into the generator through the holes
in the stopper funnel, and the gas generated rises through those holes into the
purifier, and thence into the condenser through the holes in the plug.
When modified for obtaining gas by the action of sulphuric acid on carbonate
of lime, I place within the apparatus an acid phial or vessel with a regulating
valve for regulating, interrupting, and restoring the action of the gas-producing
materials. The acid vessel is supported by perforated collars in the upper and
lower necks of the purifier; the lower collar has screwed to it a perforated
stopper, closing the lower mouth of the purifier and the acid phial mouth,
which is downward and opens into the generator, is opened and closed to the
required extent by a diaphragm or valve, operated by a stem worked up and
down in the generator stopper; by turning a collar, the water is admitted into
the purifier, by filling the condenser and blowing in air on the surface of the
water, stopping up the admission orifice, thereby forcing the water through the
orifices in the upper purifier collar. Carbonate of lime is placed in the gene-
rator and sulphuric acid dropped on it, and the gas generated passes through
the purifier into the condenser. Various compounds of carbon or substances
for generating the gas, also vinegar, tamarind juice, and citron juice may be
used in this vessel.
The apparatus may be modified to serve for charging a number of syphons
or vessels held round the neck of the apparatus by a collar on the body thereof,
and by another on the top, the latter being worked up and down on a screw
rod, and opening and closing short tubes on the stopper, into which the syphon
spouts are inserted; the screw rod has a safety valve or obturator at top held
by a spiral spring till overcome by the pressure of the gas, (say, 5 atmo-
spheres,) when the gas escapes through side orifices till the proper pressure is
restored, here the upper chamber acts as a second purifier. On one of the
binding straps is an arc or curved bar, with holes corresponding to various
positions of the apparatus, so that by passing a pin or screw into the required
hole, the apparatus is held at the required angle. The improvements may be
applied singly, or two or more together, as desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Michael Henry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
HENRY, of 84, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Michael Henry, Her special licence that I, the said Michael Henry,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other as I, the said Michael
Henry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR AERATING LIQUIDS," communicated to me from abroad by Jean
Auguste Bazet, of 33, Boulevard Saint Martin, Paris, upon the condition,
(amongst others) that I, the said Michael Henry, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Henry, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, as communicated to me, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates to apparatus for aerating liquids. According to
these improvements it is proposed to construct an apparatus the body of
which is composed wholly of glass, and forms three chambers or compartments,
arranged thus:-Suppose two glass vessels were taken, each having a "kick,"
hollow, or concavity at one end, at which part they are caused to adhere
or are connected together so as to form three chambers, two being the
vessels themselves, and the third the intermediate space formed by their

page_text: united concavities where they meet; supposing this apparatus placed with
the mouth or neck of one vessel downward, and that of the other vessel
upward, the compartment or chamber which will then be the lowest is the
66 generator or chamber in which the gas is generated, the uppermost will
be the condenser" or chamber in which the gas is diffused in the liquid to be
aerated, and the intervening chamber is the purifier" or chamber in which
the gas is washed or purified. The apparatus is so contrived that the liquid'
from the purifier only is used to generate the gas, so that all that which
is in the condenser is aerated. The apparatus is so set in a frame or stand.
that it may be oscillated or rocked to-and-fro, or swung quite round, or
inverted therein. To bind the vessels together metal straps or binding
pieces are employed, connected at each end to collars on the necks of the.
vessel, and so fastened that they may be tightened more or less to impart
to them the required tension. They may be attached by bolts or screws
passing through lugs, and thus hold the collars in place without cement.
The lower neck is closed by a stopper screwed on the collar and carrying a
rod which enters within the vessel and terminates in a perforated funnel
or cup, which fits in an opening in the part of the lower vessel that forms
the base of the purifier, on the upper side of the purifier is another opening
formed in the base of the condenser, in which is a pad, stopper, or plug
perforated with holes too small for liquid to pass, but yet affording a passago-
for the gas; this plug would fly up if the pressure of gas becauie excessive,
and thus acts as a safety valve. On the top neck of the apparatus is a stopper
with an arrangement for drawing off the aerated liquid by turning a collar.
or cap instead of using a lever. To the stopper is attached an adjutage or
tubular piece which has an internal discharge tube fitted to it at one end,
and it also has screwed to it a cap which carries a stem, carrying a piece
of caoutchouc or similar substance forming a valve at the mouth. of the
internal discharge tube, which is thus opened and closed by turning the cap or-
a collar thereon, which thus controls the escape of the liquid through the spout.
or external discharge tube. (This arrangement may be modified by using-
two valves, one over the other, one opening when the other closes so that
no gas can escape.) The apparatus is attached to its frame by pivots, pins,
or axes on the binding straps at the level of the centre of oscillation, and
is preferably protected from accidents by a wirework jacket or envelope.
attached to the collars on the necks, which jacket prevents fragments of
glass from flying out or escaping if the vessel should fracture. This form.
of apparatus is chiefly for generating gas by means of powders, such as.
bicarbonate of soda and tartaric acid, and is thus used. The condenser is

page_text: filled with liquid and closed, the apparatus is then inverted; the generator
stopper removed, and the purifier filled with water, the powders are placed
in the generator, the stopper of the latter is closed and the apparatus returned
to its previous position, the generator being downwards. The apparatus is
then swung to-and-fro, and the water from the purifier drops into the
generator through the holes in the stopper funnel, and the gas generated
rises through those holes into the purifier and thence passes into the
condenser through the holes in the plug.
When the apparatus is modified for obtaining gas by the action of sulphuric
acid on carbonate of lime, I place within the apparatus an' acid phial or vessel
with a regulating valve for regulating, interrupting, and restoring the action
of the gas-producing materials. The acid vessel is supported by perforated
collars in the upper and lower necks of the purifier, the lower collar has
screwed to it a perforated stopper which closes the lower mouth of the
purifier. The acid phial mouth which is downward, and opens into the
generator, is opened and closed to the required extent by a diaphragm or
valve operated by a stem, worked up and down in the generator stopper by
turning a collar; water is admitted into the purifier by filling the condenser
and blowing in air on the surface of the water, while stopping up the
admission orifice, thereby forcing the water through the orifices in the upper
collar of the purifier. Carbonate of lime is placed in the generator and
sulphuric acid allowed to drop on it, when gas will be generated and pass
through the purifier into the condenser. Various compounds of carbon or
substances for generating the gas, also vinegar, tamarind juice and citron
juice may be used in this vessel.
The apparatus may be modified to serve for charging (that is, aerating, the
contents of) a number of "syphons" or vessels, which are held round the neck
of the apparatus by means of a collar on the body thereof, and of another
collar on the top; the latter is worked up and down on a screw rod, and opens
and closes short tubes on the stopper, into which the syphon spouts are inserted;
the screw rod has a safety valve or obturator at top, held by a spiral spring
till overcome by the pressure of the gas (say,, five atmospheres,. for example),
when the gas will escape through side orifices till the proper pressure is
restored; here the upper chamber acts as a second purifier. On one of the
binding straps is an arc or curved bar with holes corresponding to various
positions of the apparatus, so that by passing a pin or screw into the corres-
ponding hole the apparatus is held at the required angle. The improvements
may be applied singly, or two or more together, as desired.
I now proceed, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, more par-

page_text: ticularly to describe in what manner the Invention may be carried into
effect.
Figure 1 is an elevation, and Figure 2 a .vertical section of an apparatus.
constructed according to this Invention, adapted for producing aerating gas
by a combination of powders, bicarbonate of, soda and tartaric, acid are those
usually employed for the purpose.
[
J
The body of the apparatus is composed wholly of glass, and presents externally
the appearence of a sort of cylindrical figure rounded off at both ends; in
the centre of these ends, are, the necks, or mouths a, a.. The body of the
apparatus consists of three compartments or chambers A, B, C, whereof I
call A; the "generator; " B, the "purifier;" and .C, the, "condenser." Tho:
generator "A is the chamber in which the gas is generated,;, the purifier B.
that in which the gas is washed; and the, condenser C that which contains.
the liquid in which the gas is diffused (that is to, say, tho liquid to be aerated)..
The body A, B, C, is constructed by taking two vessels A and C having a
recess or concavity at their broad ends, at which ends they are connected
together, forming between them the space or chamber B, the configuration of
which is thus that of a double convex lens. The vessels A and B are con--
nected by cementing them, or causing them to adhere together at the adjoining:
edges of their recessed ends, and their connection is strengthened by metal.
binding straps or rods c, c. Round the necks a are placed screw-threaded.
metal collars b, into which are fitted the straps c, c, which are connected.
together by pins & passing through lugs d, so that the tighter or looser these
ends are fastened together the closer or looser will be the connection between
the portions A and B. The straps c, c, keep the rings 6, b, on the necks a-
without having to cement them thereto, or use any adhesive agent for the
purpose, which is an advantage, as a cement or such like agent is liable to crack.
the glass, whereas when glass vessels are connected as herein described they
can resist an internal pressure of fifteen atmospheres, which is considerably-
over the pressure that is usual in aerated liquid apparatus,. namely, only about:
4 atmospheres. On the collar of the lower or generator neck is screwed,
a stopper or cap e, into which is fixed a rod d terminating at its upper-
end in a funnel f which is perforated with holes g, and is fitted into what:
I call the lower mouth of the purifier B, that is to say, in the opening.
formed in the concavity or recess. of the generator A..
In the opposite
mouth of the purifier, which I call the upper mouth, that is to say, the-
opening in the concave recess of the condenser C,. is a plug o, o, perforated with.
holes on its circumference. On the neck a of the condenser C is fitted a

page_text: stopper or cap h, and an arrangement for drawing off the aerated water and
stopping its outflow without the use of a lever. For this purpose an adjutage
or mouthpiece k is soldered to the cap h; this mouthpiece k is threaded on
the inside, and has at bottom a socket 7 into which is inserted the glass tube m
through which the aerated water rises in order to be discharged; n is a cap
screwed on to the mouthpiece k; in the centre passes a spindle o carrying at
bottom a caoutchouc valve or stopper for opening and closing the top or mouth
of the pipe m, and at top is a knob or button q into which is fitted a spout r
Figure 1, through which the liquid is discharged. The cap n can be turned
in either direction by means of its milled edge i (which may be a ring fixed
around it). When the cap n is turned in one direction the valve spindle o' is
raised and opens the tube m, allowing the liquid to be discharged through the
spout r, and when the cap n is turned in the contrary direction the valve
spindle o¹ is depressed and the tube m consequently closed. In Figure 7 is
shewn a syphon fitted with a similar arrangement, except that here two valves
are used, one of which closes while the other opens, so that gas cannot escape,
and the appliance is thus kept tight. On the binding pieces c, c, Figure 1, are
fixed two axes or pivots s placed at the level of the centre of oscillation of the
vessel A, B, C; these axes s, s, rest in holes, sockets, or bearings in a stand
or frame D; the apparatus may thus be swung to and fro or turned wholly or
partially round (that is to say inverted) in its bearings.
When the apparatus is to be applied to use, the stopper his first withdrawn
in order to fill the condenser C with water, after which this stopper is replaced,
and the apparatus inverted in its frame to bring the compartment A upper-
most. The stopper e is then taken out, and the purifier B filled by means
of a funnel; the powders intended to produce the gas are thrown in the
generator, and its stopper e is replaced; the vessel is then returned to its
previous position to bring the generator A downward. As the holes in the
plug o are too small to allow water to drop through them from the condenser,
whatever be the position of the apparatus, all the water required for effecting
the chemical action on the powders to produce the gas is supplied from the
purifier B, hence all the water that is in the condenser is available for being
aerated, whereas in other apparatuses hitherto employed, the water required
to be brought into contact with the powders is dropped in from the condenser,
whence sometimes as much as a whole glassful is lost. The apparatus is then
swung to and fro in its frame D to allow the water to percolate from the
purifier B into the generator A through the holes in the funnel f, and gas is
given off from the powders. As the apparatus is being swung to and fro, it

page_text: follows that the funnel f partakes of its motion, and hence the holes in it
come at different levels, those which were uppermost when the apparatus is
swung in one direction necessarily come lowermost when it is swung in the
opposite direction, and vice versa. The water drops from the purifier into
the generator through the holes that come lowermost, and the gas rises from
the generator into the purifier through those that come uppermost, thus those
that served for the gas to pass when the apparatus moves in one direction
serve for the water to pass when it moves in the other. The gas is washed in
passing through the purifier, and escapes thence through the holes in the
plug o into the condenser. The apparatus must be swung to and fro until
the required quantity of water has passed into the generator, for no water will
enter it when it is not so swung. The body of the apparatus is enclosed
in a wirework jacket, which is attached to the collars and if the glass
should break would prevent the fragments escaping; a new glass could be
fitted in the same jacket by undoing the binding pieces c, and unhooking it
sidewise. The risk of breakage of this apparatus, however, is very trifling,
for if the equilibrium of pressure between the chambers were disturbed (from
the holes for the gas being stopped up, or otherwise,) the plug o would fly up
in the condenser, and act like an internal safety valve.
Figure 3 is a modification of the apparatus adapted for producing aerating
gas by the action of sulphuric acid on carbonate of lime; the parts marked
A, B, C, D, b, b, c, d, h, i, m, s, in this Figure are respectively similar to those
indicated by those letters in Figures 1 and 2 and herein-before described.
The apparatus, Figure 3, differs chiefly from the preceding in respect of its
being furnished with a phial or vessel 1 for containing the sulphuric acid,
and with a regulating valve or appliance for controlling the outflow of the
acid therefrom and thence expediting, slackening, regulating, stopping, and
resuming the action of the gas-producing substances. The phial 1 rests at
its upper part in a collar 2, fitted in the upper mouth of the purifier B.
and perforated with holes 10 at its lower part. Round the mouth of the
phial is a ring on which is screwed a collar 3 perforated with holes 4..
I now proceed to describe what I call the regulating appliance; 5 is a
gutta percha plug, disc, or diaphragm worked up and down as required by á
screw rod 6, fixed to the collar 7 and screwing into a mouth-piece or adjutage 8
fixed to the stopper e. By turning the collar 7, the diaphragm or plug 5
is pressed more or less up against the edge of the phial mouth according.
to the direction in which the collar is turned, so that the quantity of acid.
to be discharged may be regulated as required, to correspond with the

page_text: quantity of gas to be produced. As the construction of this arrangement of
apparatus prevents the introduction of the water into the purifier B by means
of a funnel, the mode adopted, therefore, is to fill the condenser C with
water, and then blow strongly upon the surface of this water, at the same
time stopping the mouth and slightly inclining the apparatus, whereby the
water will be forced into the purifier through the holes 10. When the
apparatus is supplied with water, acid and carbonate of lime, the regulating
valve is opened to allow acid to drop from the phial into the generator,
whereupon carbonic acid will be given off and escape through the orifices 4 into
the purifier, and thence through the orifices 10 into the condenser. The manner
of controlling the emission of gas and the purifying and diffusion of the latter,
facilitate the employment in this apparatus of various substances for generating
carbonic acid gas, and by regulating its capacity according to the quantity
of acid contained in certain liquids, the employment therein of vinegar,
tamarind juice, and citron juice, is rendered practicable. The means used
for immediately interrupting and resuming the discharge of the carbonic
gas, adapt the apparatus for being applied for aerating the contents of those
vessels called "syphons" or vessels used for containing aerated liquids and
supplying them for consumption at table and elsewhere. My apparatus being
wholly of glass, and enclosed in a jacket, is rendered much safer than in
the old modes of constructing them of metal and glass combined. I call
the apparatus when applied for thus aerating the contents of "syphons" a
"syphon charge' or " charger"; either of the two forms of apparatus
respectively shewn in Figures 2 and 8, may be converted into such a
"charger." Figure 4 is an elevation of an apparatus of similar construction
to that shewn in Figure 8, except that it is modified to adapt it as a
"charger."
"
The parts marked A, B, C, D, c, d, e, s, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, are similar to those
so indicated in Figure 3. The phial 1 is supplied with sufficient acid to
produce the necessary quantity of gas to aerate the intended number of
syphons. From 4 to 6 of which, for example, may be aerated simultaneously,
an almost mathematical regularity being attained in producing the gas, so
that an equal pressure is invariably maintained, the maximum of which
is 4 atmospheres. The condenser C here acts as a second or extra purifier.
Round the neck of this compartment C is the following arrangement which I call
the top fitting or "monture," and which adapts the apparatus for receiving
the syphons p, whereof the contents are to be aerated; on the collar, which
encircles the neck of the compartment C, is the stopper or cap a, shewn in

page_text: plan, Figure 5, on which are six short tubes b, into these tubes are inserted
the spouts of the syphons p. The syphons p are kept in place by means
of a sort of collar e', and also by notches cut in the periphery of another
collar s; this collar s¹ is screw-threaded on the inside so that it may be
worked up and down on a screw rod n by means of a nut o, and thereby
close and open the mouths of the tubes b. To further secure the syphons in
place each spout v is formed with a projection v¹, as shewn in Figures 8 and
9, which is slipped in a notch on the tubes 6 and forms a sort of bayonet
joint. At top of the screw n is a safety valve consisting of an obturator plug
or valve which is kept pressed down by a spring against the top of the screw
rod so long as the pressure of the gas does not exceed 5 atmospheres, but
when the gas exceeds that pressure, it lifts the valve and escapes through
side openings i until the original internal pressure is restored. On one of
the binding picces c is fixed a perforated arc, segment, or catch plate x;
Figure 6, the holes of which correspond to the various positions or angles.
that can be communicated to the apparatus in its frame D, so that in order
to produce a certain quantity of gas in a given time, the operator-places the
apparatus at the angle or position corresponding to such quantity, and fixes
it there by inserting the pin into the corresponding hole of the segment.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as constituting.
the said improvements in apparatus for aerating liquids.
First, the mode herein-before, described of constructing such apparatus,
according to which the body of the apparatus is formed wholly of glass, and
constitutes three distinct chambers or compartments combined into a single.
body or article, which is effected by taking two vessels or chambers each
having a kick, hollow, or concave recess at one end, and causing such vessels
to adhere to each other, so that they form between them, when joined together,
a third or intermediate chamber or compartment of a double convex shape
for containing water to wash or purify the gas produced.
Second, the mode of binding or securing together the vessels composing the
body of the apparatus by means of the arrangements herein described, in
which metal straps or binding pieces are connected to collars on the necks,
and are arranged in such manner that they may be tightened or loosened as
required, by forming them with lugs or eyes, through which pass pins or
screws, or equivalent attachments, as herein described.
Third, the employment, in combination, of straps or binding pieces, as
herein described, and a wirework jacket or casing completely surrounding

page_text: the body of the apparatus, as described, whereby in case of the glass breaking
or bursting, fragments would be prevented from escaping or flying out.
Fourth, the employment at the opening where the condenser and purifier
communicate of a perforated stopper, plug, or pad, which, if the proper
equilibrium of pressure be disturbed, would be forced from its seat, and fly
up into the condenser, thereby preventing the apparatus from bursting.
Fifth, the employment on or application to the necks of the apparatus of
the fittings herein-before described, that is to say, attaching to the collar
surrounding one of the necks the arrangement of parts forming the appliance,
herein-before described, for drawing off and stopping the flow of the liquid
without the use of a lever, and attaching to the collar surrounding the other
or opposite neck a shank or stem terminating in a funnel or cup perforated
with holes, which, while the apparatus is swinging, come at different levels, as
before described, so that gas may pass through those that come uppermost,
and liquid through those that come lowermost, all as described.
Sixth, mounting the body of the apparatus on a pair of axes, pivots, or
journals, set at a level with its centre of oscillation, so that it may be swing
to and fro, or inverted in both directions, as described.
Seventh, arranging and combining the three chambers or compartments
constituting the body of the apparatus, in such manner that only the water
from the purifier shall act on the powders to produce the gas, and the whole
of the water in the condenser is aerated, as herein-before described.
Eighth, the arrangement within the condenser and purifier of an acid phial
or vessel, as herein described, the same being held by perforated rings or
collars fitting in the purifier mouths, as explained.
Ninth, the employment for closing the mouth of the acid phial or vessel of
à regulating appliance or valve arrangement, contrived and actuated as hercin-
before described, so as to regulate the discharge of the acid, and hence the
action of the gas-producing substances, as explained.
Tenth, combining the parts of the apparatus in the manner herein described
and illustrated in Fig. 3, so that water may be forced through the perforations
in the collar by blowing or forcing air on the surface of the water in the con-
denser (and slightly inclining the apparatus), as herein-before described.
Eleventh, the combination of three chambers or compartments, one for
generating, another for purifying, and the third for condensing the gas, the
said chambers being wholly formed of glass, as herein-before described.
Twelfth, the general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
apparatus, shewn in Figures 1 and 2, and herein-before described.

page_text: Thirteenth, the general arrangement and combination of parts constituting
the apparatus, shewn in Figure 3, and herein-before described.
Fourteenth, the arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
charger or aerating apparatus, represented in Figures 4, 5, and 6, and
herein-before described.
Fifteenth, the arrangement and combination of parts constituting the top
fitting or "monture" of such apparatus, as herein-before described and
represented in Figures 4 and 5 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Henry, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of October, in the year One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
S. E. A. NEWSOME,
Patent Office,
84, Fleet Street, London.
M. HENRY. (LS.)