IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TRAM AND OTHER DESCRIPTIONS OF NAILS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Yates and Enoch Jagger, both of Kilnhurst, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF TRAM AND OTHER DESCRIPTIONS OF NAILS."
Sealed the 18th July 1879, and dated the 28th January 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Yates and Enoch
Jagger at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th January
1879.
JAMES YATES and ENOCH JAGGER, both of Kilnhurst, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TRAM AND OTHER
DESCRIPTIONS OF NAILS."
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery for the manufacture of
nails for the train ways of collieries, and nails for other purposes.
The improved machinery is designed to manufacture nails by the following
process, that is to say :-
A heated rod, bar, or strip is passed into a machine, in which it is first operated
on by a pair or set of rolls for the purpose of shaping the sbank of the nail either
completely or in a rough state, the said rolls advancing the said partly formed nail
until it is protruded between a pair of dies, where it is severed from the rod, and
then acted upon by a heading tool to form the head of the nail, the nail being thus
completed and falling away from the machine.
The improved machinery to effect the operations above specified will or can be
constructed of the following principal parts, that is to say :-
The pair or set of rolls employed to form the nail blank or shank of the nail will
be indented in their peripheries, so that when the rod, bar, or strip is passed between
them the shank of the nail will or can be shaped,
The intermittent action of the rolls will be produced by fitting or forming on the
rod shaft or connecting therewith a ratchet wheel, which will be actuated by a
pawl by a rod or lever from the second motion wheel of the machine, or by any
ordinary arrangement of gearing from the first notion shaft of the machine.
The dies will be placed at the back of the rolls opposite to the side where the
rod enters; the dies will reciprocate in slides so as to open to allow the nail blank
or partly formed nail to pass between them, and in closing the nail blank will be

page_text: severed from the rod; the said dies holding firmly the nail blank, are further
moved so that the said nail blank is brought opposite to the heading tool by which
_the_head is formed.
The dies are closed by a slide block, which has a wedge shaped or taper end;
against which a rocking shaft or rocking lever works, the said shaft or lever
advancing and closing the dies only, the opening of the dies being effected by a
spring-or-springs.
The rocking-lever is actuated by a cam on the second motion shaft of the machine.
The dies may be so-formed-and-actuated-as-to-assist-in-the-operation of forming
the shank or shank and head of the nail; for instance, the dies may be countersunk
or have a tapered cavity and the heading tool may be flat, so that the blank when
pressed by the dies and struck by the heading tool will be formed into a countersunk
flat headed nail, or the dies may be plain, simply to close upon and hold the blank
whilst being headed by the heading tool.
The heading tool will reciprocate in slides at right angles to the centre line of
the roll shaft, and is actuated by a crank ou the second motion shaft of the machine,
the said heading tool giving the required form to the head of the nail on the com-
pletion of its forward stroke.
The rolls can be changed so as to make various sizes and forms of nails, and the
dies and the heading tool, or parts thereof, can be changed for the same purpose.
One or more complete sets of principal parts, as above specified, may be combined
in one machine, and be actuated from the or by the first motion shaft of the
machine.
As modifications in the detail parts of the machinery to carry on the operations
firstly described, the intermittent rotatory action of the rolls may be produced by
irregularly formed wheels, or by the rolls being thrown in and out of gear with and
from those parts of the machine having continuous rotatory motion by clutches or
friction wheels, and the dies and heading tool may be made to vibrate on or from
fixed or moveable centres and actuated by levers and rods from one or more working
parts of the machine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed.
by the said James Yates and Enoch Jagger in the Great Seal Patent Office
i on the 28th July 1879.
JAMES YATES and ENOCH JAGGER, both of Kilnhurst, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TRAM AND OTHER
DESCRIPTIONS OF NAILS."
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery for the manufacture of nails
for tramways of collieries and other purposes.
The improved machinery is designed to manufacture nails by the following
process, that is to say :-By means of rolls having an intermittent rotatory motion
to form nail blanks (or partly formed nails), which said rolls will carry forward the
nail blank and hold it until it is cut off and gripped by a set or pair of dies, which
said dies will hold the blank until it is headed by a heading tool.
The pair or set of rolls employed to form the nail blank will be indented in their
peripheries, so that when the heated rod, bar, or strip is passed between them the
shank of the nail will be shaped thereby. The intermittent action of the rolls will
be produced by fitting or forming on the roll shaft, or connecting therewith a ratchet
wheel which will be actuated by a ratchet or pawle by any ordinary arrangement
of gearing or mechanism from the first motion shaft of the machine. We adopt
the following arrangement of mechanism to rotate the rolls intermittently, that is
to say:-
On the second motion shaft of the machine is an eccentric cam and rod. fitted to
and actuating a hanging lever vibrating on a pin fixed on the main framing; the
vibrating lever reciprocates a sliding rack, which is carried in a frame fixed on the
side of the main framing of the machine. The teeth of the rack gear into and
actuate a spur wheel rotating freely on the vertical shaft of the first of the pair of
rolls. Affixed to the spur wheel is a pawle or ratchet, which actuates a ratchet
wheel fixed on the said vertical shaft, and on the saine shaft is a pinion which gears
into and actuates a similar pinion on the second of the pair of roll shafts.
The action of the above arrangement of mechanism being that through the
reciprocating motion of the eccentric rod (produced by the cam on the second
motion shaft of the machine) and sliding rack the spur wheel is partially rotated
backwards and forwards, and through the pawle the ratchet wheel, roll shaft, and
roll receive an intermittent motion in one direction only, the pinion on the said
shaft actuating the one on the second of the pair of shafts and rolls causes the
second roll to rotate intermittently in an opposite direction, by which the bar, rod,
or strip is drawn through the rolls and the nail blank thereby formed. The dies arc
placed at that side of the rolls opposite to the side where the bar, rod, or strip enters
the machine. The dies are reciprocated in slides so as to open to allow the nail
blank to pass between them and close upon it whilst being headed.
The dies may be so formed as to assist in the operation of forming the head;
for
instance, the dies may be countersunk or have a tapered cavity, and the heading
tool may be flat, so that the blank, when held by the dies and struck by the
tool, will be formed into a countersunk flat headed nail, or the dies may be made
plain, simply to close upon and hold the blank, and the whole of the head of the
nail may be formed by the heading tool and the form thereof be due to the shape
of the heading tool only. The dies are actuated by a lever rocking vertically, the
part of the said lever in contact with the dies having a projection set at an angle,
the end of the die or a block at the end of the die (in contact with the lever) being
also formed at the same angle. The rocking lever receives its motion from an
eccentric cam on the second motion shaft of the machine through a roller rotating
freely on the end of the said rocking lever.
The rocking lever aforesaid gives a forward notion only to one of the pair of dies,
which cuts off the nail blank from the bar and moves back the second die until the

page_text: -line-of-the-bar-or-strip-as-it-is-fed-into-the-machine..
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 is
a plan, and Figure 3 is a front end-elevation-of-the-machine,-the-same-letters.of
reference signifying the same detail parts in each view of the machine; and
Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged views of the rolls K and K'.
A is the first motion shaft.
B, the second motion shaft.
C, the eccentric and rod which imparts motion to the rolls.
D is the vibrating lever.
E, the slide with teeth.
F, the spur
wheel.
G, the ratchet wheel actuated by a pawle on the spur wheel.
H, the pinion on the shaft of the first roll of the pair of rolls.
J, the pinion on the shaft of the second roll of the pair of rolls.
K, the first roll of the pair and K' the second roll of the pair of rolls.
L is the rocking lever which actuates the dies.
M and M, the dies.
N and O, the springs which act on the dies to return them to their normal
positions.
P, the heading tool.
Qand Q, the levers employed to work the knocking out motion.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is or may be performed and carried
into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we claim as novel and original,
and secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, "Improve-
ments in Machinery for the Manufacture of Tram and other descriptions of Nails,"
by the employment of a pair of rolls having intermittent rotatory motion for
forming the nail-blank in combination with pair or set of dies for cutting off and
gripping the nail blank, and further in combination with a heading tool for forming
the head of the nail, as herein before specified and described, and illustrated in a
general manner by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Yates and Enoch Jagger, have here-
unto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of July, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
the spur wheel.
G, the ratchet wheel actuated by a pawle on the spur wheel.
H, the pinion on the shaft of the first roll of the pair of rolls.
J, the pinion on the shaft of the second roll of the pair of rolls.
K, the first roll of the pair and K' the second roll of the pair of rolls.
L is the rocking lever which actuates the dies.
M and M, the dies.
N and O, the springs which act on the dies to return them to their normal
positions.
P, the heading tool.
Qand Q, the levers employed to work the knocking out motion.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is or may be performed and carried
into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we claim as novel and original,
and secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, "Improve-
ments in Machinery for the Manufacture of Tram and other descriptions of Nails,"
by the employment of a pair of rolls having intermittent rotatory motion for
forming the nail-blank in combination with pair or set of dies for cutting off and
gripping the nail blank, and further in combination with a heading tool for forming
the head of the nail, as herein before specified and described, and illustrated in a
general manner by the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Yates and Enoch Jagger, have here-
unto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of July, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
JAMES YATES,
(L.S.)
ENOCH JAGGER. (LS)