IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER
Year: 1866

page_text: IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th April 1866.
I, GODFREY ANTHONY ERMEN, of Eccles, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, do, hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS.IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to all descriptions of machinery used
in preparing and spinning cotton or other fibrous substances wherein the
fibrous substance passes between or comes in contact with rollers upon which
it may accumulate, and this part of the Invention is designed to clean or
remove such accumulation of loose fibres therefrom. The improvements
consist in the application and use of two rollers or bowls around which an
endless band or belt of flannel, felt, or similar material passes; for example,
one of these bowls may be situated over the back "top roller and the other
Price 8d.1

page_text: over the front of the drawing rollers, or they may be applied beneath the
bottom rollers, and the bowls are to be positively driven at a certain slow
speed, so as to cause the endless band which is in contact with the upper
surface of all the drawing rollers to clean and remove the loose fibres or "fly"
therefrom, and in the traverse to convey it away, so that it may be doffed,
stripped, or removed by a comb acting on the upper surface of the band,
which comb receives a vibratory motion from a crank or eccentric on a con-
venient shaft; the chief feature of this part of the Invention being the driving
of the rollers or bowls by gearing or a positive motion, and the application of
the stripping comb to the endless cleaning band.
A second part of the Invention consists in the application of a series of
small brushes mounted on a shaft to which a lateral and also a vertical
vibratory movement is applied; these brushes are in contact with the rollers
and remove or sweep the "fly" therefrom.
A third part of the Invention relates to all descriptions of machinery for.
spinning wherein spindles and flyers are used, and consists in a peculiar appli-
cation and adaptation of a vertical tube which is attached to and projects
upwards from the "bolster" in lifting bolsters, or from the lifting rail or plate
in stationary bolsters, to the height of the top of the bobbin; this tube
encircles the spindle in such a manner as to allow the spindle to revolve freely
within it and without contact; the bobbin revolves on this tube, and by this
means is kept clear from contact with the spindle, so that the revolution of
one does not interfere with the other, whereby a better and more regular
"drag" is effected.
Lastly, my improvements relate to the lubrication of the frictional surfaces
of spindles with either lifting or stationary bolsters, and consists in the appli-
cation and use of a disc or wheel having one part of its periphery immersed
in oil or lubricant, and another part in contact with the spindle at a point
closely beneath the "bolster" or other vertical bearing, so that in moveable
bolsters, as the spindle rises and falls, the wheel rotates by contact and
transfers the lubricant from the vessel to the surface of the spindle, and
so the spindle carries it up through the bolster or vertical bearing; and in
stationary bolsters the disc is applied to the spindle at the part bearing in
the bolster, the front of the bolster or part of it being removed to admit of
the contact of the disc with the spindle. I would remark that this disc may
either be made of metal, wood, or of felt or cloth, bristles, or other solid or
elastic substances.

page_text: 9.
Ha!
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th October 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GODFREY
ANTHONY ERMEN, of Eccles, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen, Her special license that I, the said
Godfrey Anthony Ermen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from.
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others), that I, the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
The first part of my Invention relates to all descriptions of machinery used in
preparing and spinning cotton or other fibrous substances wherein the fibrous
substance passes between or comes in contact with rollers, upon which it may
accumulate, and this part of the Invention is designed to clean or remove
such accumulation of loose fibres thereupon.
The improvements consist in the application and use of two rollers or bowls,

page_text: around which an endless band or belt of flannel, felt, or similar material
passes, for example, one of these bowls may be situated over the back "top
roller," and the other over the front of the drawing 'rollers, or they may be
applied beneath the bottom rollers, and the bowls are to be positively driven
at a certain slow speed, so as to cause the endless band which is in contact
with the upper surface of all the drawing rollers to clean and remove the
loose fibres or "fly" therefrom, and in the traverse to convey it away, so that
it may be doffed, stripped, or removed by a comb acting on the upper surface
of the band, which comb receives a vibratory or a reciprocating to-and-fro
motion from a crank or eccentric on a convenient shaft. The chief feature
of this part of the Invention being the driving of the rollers or bowls by
gearing or positive motion, and the application of the stripping comb or
scraper to the endless cleaning band.
A second part of the Invention consists in the application of a series of
small brushes mounted on a shaft, to which a lateral and also a vertical
vibratory movement is applied; these brushes are in contact with the rollers,
and remove or sweep the "fly" therefrom.
A third part of the Invention relates to all descriptions of machinery for
spinning, wherein spindles and flyers are used, and consists in a peculiar
application and adaptation of a vertical tube, which is attached to and projects
upwards from the "bolster" in lifting bolsters, or from the "lifting plate" in
stationary bolsters, to the height of the top of the bobbin; this tube encircles
the spindle in such a manner as to allow the spindle to revolve freely within
it and without contact; the bobbin revolves on this tube, and by this means
is kept clear from contact with the spindle, so that the revolution of one does
not interfere with the other, whereby a better and more regular "drag" is
effected.
Lastly, my improvements relate to the lubrication of the frictional surfaces
of spindles, with either lifting or stationary bolsters, and consists in the appli-
cation and use of a disc or wheel, having one part of its periphery immersed
in oil or lubricant, and another part in contact with the spindle at a point
closely beneath the "bolster" or other vertical bearing, so that in moveable
bolsters, as the spindle rises and falls the wheel rotates by contact, or may be
positively driven, and transfers the lubricant from the vessel to the surface of
the spindle, and so the spindle carries it up through the bolster or vertical
bearing, and in stationary bolsters the disc is applied to the spindle at the part
bearing in the bolster, the front of the bolster or part of it being removed to
admit of the contact of the disc with the spindle. I would remark that this

page_text: may either be made of metal, wood, or of felt, or cloth, bristles, or other solid
or elastic substances."
10
*
In order that the Invention may be better understood; and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about six inches to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked upon
corresponding parts on all the Figures.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical transverse section of the drawing rollers and
stand of a slubbing frame employed in spinning cotton, having attached
thereto the improved apparatus for collecting loose fibres and preventing their
accumulation upon the surfaces of the top rollers, whereby they are kept clean
during the time the machine is in operation. Fig. 2 represents an end
elevation of the drawing rollers and stand; this view shews more particularly
the arrangement of gearing, driving the endless cloth, collecting the loose
fibres, and also the levers employed for actuating the comb. Fig. 3 repre-
sents a plan view of the same. Fig. 4 represents a front elevation of the
drawing rollers of a spinning frame, having another arrangement of apparatus
applied thereto, to be employed for the purpose of removing the loose "fly"
from the top front drawing rollers. Fig. 5 represents a front elevation of two
throstle" spindles and their bolsters and rail, being shewn as an example,
and as having applied thereto the improved fixed tube, one of the tubes being
shewn in section and the other in elevation; and Fig. 6 represents the im-
proved revolving disc lubricator which is to be employed for lubricating the
frictional surfaces of spindles working either in lifting or stationary "bolsters:"
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, a, a, is the beam or bearing plate, upon. which the
stands b, b, supporting the rollers are secured; c, c¹, c,
fluted rollers; and d, d, d, are the top pressure rollers.
fibrous material in passing between these rollers has a tendency to 'leave
loose fibres upon the surfaces of the rollers d, d, d, which if allowed to accu-
mulate would prevent the perfect action of the drawing rollers and also
impede the working of the machine; in order to obviate this I employ an
endless belt of felt or cloth f which passes round the two rollers e,' e¹; 'these
rollers and endless belt rest upon the top rollers d, d, d, and are kept in
position by means of the slots g formed in the cover h; these bowls and end-
less belts are driven at a slow speed by the arrangement of wheels shewn in
Fig. 2, in which it will be seen that the pinion i secured on the end of the
bottom fluted roller c¹ transmits through the wheels k, k, a slow and regular
motion to the endless belt f, which being in contact with the upper surface of
all the top rollers collects and removes the loose fibres or "fly ""therefrom,
are' the bottom
"The cotton or

page_text: and in the traversei conveys it away, so that it may be i" doffed! or removed
from the upper surface of the belt f by the comb b; this.comb...receives a
régular reciprocating to-and-fro motion by means of the levers mi and crank n,
the said crank being secured to and actuated by the bottom fluted roller c.
In Fig. 4, 0, 0, represents the front of the beam of a spinning frame, and p, p,
the drawing roller stands; q, q, is a rod or bar situated in front of the top
rollers extending the whole length of the spinning frame; on this rod
brushes 7,7; are mounted opposite each top roller and with which they are
in contact; a latéral to-and-fro motion being given to this rod and brushes by
means of the skewed disc s, and a vertical vibratory motion is also given to
the same through the medium of the vertical slotted finger t and crank u, and
the combined motion thus given to the brushes r effectually remove or sweep
the "fly" from the front top rollers. In Fig. 5, v, v, is the lifting "bolster
rail" of a throstle frame; the tube w projects upwards from the "bolster" x
to the height of the top of the bobbin; this tube w encircles the spindle in
such a manner that the said spindle may revolve freely within it and without
contact, the bobbin revolving on this tube, and by this means it is kept apart
from the spindle, so that the revolution of one does not interfere with the
other, whereby a more regular and even "drag" is effected. In Fig. 6, y is
an ordinary spindle employed in spinning frames, and v, v, the lifting bolster
rail, immediately underneath the rail, the disc z is secured on the shaft v¹, the
said shaft and disc receive a positive motion from driving apparatus, the
periphery of the disc z being arranged so as slightly to bear against the spindle y,
the lower portion of this disc is immersed in oil contained in the vessel k¹;
thus as the disc is caused to revolve the oil or lubricant is caused to revolve,
the oil or lubricant is constantly transferred from the vessel k' to the surface
of, the spindle, which in its upward lift carries it through the "bolster" or
vertical bearing, thereby keeping the frictional surface of the spindle to which
such discs are adapted constantly lubricated.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it be distinctly
understood that, I claim,-
First, the novel method of collecting the "fly" or fibrous accumulation and
of removing it from the surfaces of the top drawing rollers and from the front
top drawing rollers, together with the arrangement of mechanism adapted for
the purposes
:
Secondly, I claim, the use and application of the tube attached to the bolster
or lifting plate

page_text: And, lastly, I claim the method of lubricating spindles, and the use of
the mechanism applied for the purpose, as herein-before described, set forth,
and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen. have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
111
In witness whereof, I, the said Godfrey Anthony Ermen, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
GODFREY ANTHONY ERMEN. (L.S.)