AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREPARING WROUGHT IRON INTENDED FOR WHEEL TIRES, RAILS, AND CERTAIN OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SYDNEY
JESSOP, of Sheffield, in the County of York. Merchant and Steel Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria. by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date al
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of March, in the fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Sydney Jessop. Her especial licence, that I, the said Sydney Jessop, my exors.
admors. and assigns, or such others as . the said Sydney Jessop, my exors,
admors. or assigns, should at any time agree with. and no others. from time to
time and at-all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend. within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED
MODE OF PREPARING WROUGHT IRON INTENDED FOR WHEEL TIRES, RAILS, AND
CERTAIN OTHER ARTICLES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso,
obliging me, the said Sydney Jessop, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause
the same to be inrolled in ler said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso 1, the said
Sydney Jessop, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist
[Price 8d.1

page_text: in carbonizing or hardening wrought iron after it has been formed or
fashioned into shapes applicable to wheel tires, to wheel rims, to rails, to
plates, or to trams, switches, or the like articles, in such manner and on such
parts as when so applied will cause them to present a hardened surface for
their wearing surfaces. And in further compliance with the said proviso,
I, the said Sydney Jessop, do hereby describe the manner in which my
said Invention is to be performed, by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings annexed, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say:
Having rolled a quantity of bar iron into bars, with flanges, suitable for
being made into rims for railroad wheels, for instance, I prepare them for
being so applied by placing them in a carbonizing furnace (I have generally
used an ordinary converting furnace), as shown at A in Drawing No. 1,
Figure 1, where it will be seen that those surfaces only which are intended
for the wearing surfaces of the articles when made are covered with the
charcoal or carbonizing fuel; B represents a number of iron bars rolled
out for rails, and placed in a carbonizing furnace in such manner. that only
their upper and lower surfaces are exposed to the fuel, and in this manner
they may be hardened to any depth required, while those parts which are
not exposed to the fuel will remain soft or uncarbonized.
Figure 2 on the same Drawing is a half plan in section of Figure 1.
Figure 3 on the same Drawing shews some rims for wheels. bent round
and welded into their circular form before being hardened and placed, in
manner here shewn, in the carbonizing furnace, by which it will be seen
that the wearing surfaces only are exposed to the fuel and to the carboni-
zing or hardening process; and inasmuch as this process is apt to raise
what are called blushes or blisters or uneven parts on the hardened surfaces,
the articles, after being hardened, should be hammered, rolled, or swaged in
the ordinary manner of performing such operations, for the purpose of con-
solidating the metal and rendering the wearing surfaces smooth and even.
The two Figures on the Drawing No. 2 show the apparatus which I use for
consolidating rims for wheels when, bent round and welded as aforesaid.
Now, whereas what I claim as my Invention is. the preparing of such
wrought iron as is intended for wheel rims, whicel tires, rails, tram plates,
switches, and such other like articles, having a wearing surface or wearing
surfaces exposed to more friction than their other surfaces, by placing them
in a carbonizing furnace in such manner as to expose what are intended to
be their wearing surfaces only to the process of carbonization, and protecting
their said other surfaces therefrom, by the-arrangements of position and fuel

page_text: (or arrangements similar to those) shewn in the Drawing No. 1, and afterwards
rolling, hammering, swaging, or otherwise consolidating the metal on such
surfaces, so as to make it hard, compact, and even all over. And such my
Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely new and
never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her said Dominion of Wales, or
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification
of the same, and that I do verily believe this my said Specification doth com-
ply in all respects fully and without reserve or disguise with the proviso in
the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained; wherefore 1
hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, 1, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Twentieth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-two.
SYDNEY (L.S.) JESSOP.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twentieth day of September,
in the year of our Lord 1842, the aforesaid Sydney Jessop came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our Lord