Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Gas, and to Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Oct., 1891-Accepted, 5th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Gas, and to
Apparatus therefor.
I, JAMES LOVE of 1 Millais Terrace, Leyton Road, Stratford in the County
of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of gas and to apparatus therefor.
The main object of my said invention is to provide an improved method of,
and apparatus for enabling carbonated water gas to be manufactured in
retorts intended for the manufacture of coal gas and alternately with the said
coal gas.
According to my said invention the coal gas is first manufactured in the said
retorts in the usual or ordinary manner after which the fuel or coke in each of the
retorts is massed in one extremity thereof and blown by a suitable hot blast or
current of air into a state of incandescence, the producer gas formed during this
process being conducted to and consumed in the furnace of the retorts. When the
said fuel or coke is in a proper condition or state of incandescence, highly super-
heated or surcharged steam is admitted to each of the said retorts at or near one
end of the massed incandescent fuel or coke and passes through the latter and is
turned or converted into water-gas, vaporized hydrocarbon being admitted at or
near the other end of the said incandescent fuel or coke and mixed with the said
water gas.
This carburetted water gas is then conveyed through suitable pipes to the
ordinary gas holder and mixed with the coal gas contained therein, or to a separate
holder. The formation of the said water gas may be either continued until the
coke in the retorts is completely exhausted, or for a sufficient length of time to
cause no appreciable deterioration in the quality thereof.
In applying my said invention for example to a bench, batch or set of gas retorts
set or placed at a suitable angle or inclination and intended to be charged from
their upper extremities or from branches communicating therewith 1 connect the
ordinary pipes for carrying away the coal gas by means of branch pipes with a
suitable pipe communicating with the furnace of the said bench or set of retorts.
I provide moreover in each of the said pipes and branches suitable seatings and I
arrange in combination therewith a double conical valve having a weighted arm or
lever which when moved or thrown over in one direction will cause one side of the
said double conical valve to bear against the seating in the said gas delivery pipe,
and thus close the latter, and when moved or thrown over in the other direction
will cause the other side thereof to bear against the seating in and thus close the
above mentioned branch pipe. In order to admit of all the double conical valves
in one bench or set of retorts being operated together I connect each of the
herein before mentioned weighted arms or levers by means of a cord, chain or the
like with a grooved wheel or pulley keyed or otherwise firmly secured upon a shaft
or arbor supported in suitable bearings attached to the said gas delivery pipes or
to any other available support. At either or both extremities of this shaft or
arbor I provide another grooved wheel or pulley having dependent therefrom an
endless band chain or cord, by operating which the said shaft or arbor can be
rotated through a sufficient angle in either direction to throw or move the weighted
arms or levers in one direction or the other. The chains or cords connecting the
weighted arms or levers to the grooved wheels or pulleys are so arranged that
when the said weighted arms or levers are moved to the full extremity of their
throw in one or the other direction they will remain slack thus admitting of the

page_text: double conical valves being held firmly against their seatings by the action of
the said weighted arms or levers. In order to obviate the possibility of the
above mentioned valves sticking upon their seatings or becoming otherwise
inoperative by reason of overheating I prefer to mount them in a trough or tank of
water.
At the lower or one extremity of each of the retorts I form a passage or channel
in the side wall thereof, and extending for a suitable distance along the same.
One extremity of this passage is connected by means of a branch pipe with a main
hydrocarbon vapor supply pipe, and the other extremity thereof communicates
with the interior of the retort. I provide moreover a main air and steam pipe also
connected to the said lower or one extremity of each of the said retorts by means
of a suitable branch pipe. The said hydrocarbon vapor and air and steam pipes
are provided with suitable stop-cocks or valves for regulating the admission of the
said hydrocarbon vapor and air and steam to the retorts.
For generating the necessary hot air current or blast and steam and hydro-
carbon vapor I provide a vertical or other boiler having secured thereto a small
engine arranged to drive a fan or blower the delivery of which is connected
through a three way cock with one end of a coil or coils of pipe the other end of
which is so arranged that it can be successively connected with the air and steam
inlets or pipes of the retorts by a flexible pipe or otherwise or is permanently
connected therewith. The above mentioned three way cock moreover com-
municates through a suitable pipe with the steam space of the boiler. Upon the
crown or upper part of the boiler or in any other convenient position relatively
thereto is provided a closed hydrocarbon evaporating tank or chamber in which
are arranged wicks or cottons, and trays for the hydrocarbon to be vaporized and
a suitable steam coil through which live steam from the boiler can be passed.
This hydrocarbon evaporating tank or chamber is also successively connected to
the hydrocarbon inlets or pipes of the retorts by a flexible connection or is
permanently connected therewith. The said tank or chamber is provided with an
inlet or charging aperture, a purging outlet a pressure gauge a safety valve, and
any other requisite fittings. One of these vertical or other boilers engine, fan or
blower and hydrocarbon evaporating tank or chamber may be arranged in com-
bination with several benches sets or batches of retorts or otherwise.
The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows, that is to say, The coal
gas having been distilled from the charges in a bench or set of retorts the doors or
covers are removed and the coke or fuel is pushed down or massed in the lower or
one extremity of each of the said retorts and the said doors or covers replaced in
position. The hereinbefore mentioned double conical valves are then thrown or
moved over so as to close the delivery pipes leading to the gas holder and open
the branches leading to the pipe communicating with the furnace of the said bench
or set of retorts. A heated blast or current of air is then passed through the
herein before mentioned coil or coils, and air and steam pipes or inlets of the
retorts, thus blowing the massed fuel or coke therein into a state of incandescence,
and passing the producer gas thus generated into the furnace of the retorts where
the said producer gas is consumed and the temperature of the retorts thereby
greatly increased. When the coke or fuel is in a sufficient state of incandescence
for the manufacture of water gas the said three-way-valve is turned so as to shut
off the air blast from the fan or blower to the heating coil or coils and admit steam
thereto, and the double conical valves are again thrown over or moved so as to
close the branch pipes leading to the furnace, and to open the gas delivery pipes
leading to the gas holder. The steam after being highly superheated or sur-
charged in the said coil or coils enters the retorts and is converted into water gas
by passing through the incandescent coke or fuel therein is mixed with the
vaporized hydrocarbon admitted at or near the other extremity of the blocked or
massed fuel in each of the said retorts, and is fixed by passing up through the
remaining portions of the latter which are red hot.
The hydrocarbon vapour must always be admitted at or near that end of

page_text: the incandescent coke or fuel next the gas outlets or gas delivery pipes from the
retorts.
In large works I prefer to arrange the hereinbefore mentioned fan or blower,
steam heating coil or coils, and hydrocarbon evaporating tank or chamber in
combination with a small locomotive adapted to run upon the line of rails intended
for the coke trucks or waggons or upon any other suitable line of rails.
I am thus enabled to move the apparatus from one bench or set of retorts to
another and thereby reduce the amount of plant required.
The said locomotive moreover may also be advantageously employed for hauling
or moving the coke trucks or waggons.
Although I have hereinbefore described a convenient and advantageous method
of carrying my said invention into practice it is obvious that I can somewhat
modify the construction of my improved apparatus without however departing
in any way from the nature of my said invention. For instance instead of the
hereinbefore mentioned arrangement of double conical valves and weighted arms or
levers I sometimes employ three way cocks or valves so arranged that they are
normally retained in one position or open in one direction by weights springs or
the like, and provided with suitable means whereby they can be simultaneously
operated when desired by the attendant, so as to open or move them in the other
direction. These cocks or valves are likewise mounted in a tank or trough of
water for cooling purposes. My improvements are also advantageously applicable
to retorts set or placed in a horizontal position or to any suitable arrangement of
retorts.
Dated this 5th day of December 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Gas, and to
Apparatus therefor.
I, JAMES LOVE, of 1 Millais Terrace, Leyton Road, Stratford, in the County
of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of gas and to apparatus therefor.
The main object of my said invention is to provide for the manufacture alternately
of coal-gas and carburetted water-gas in retorts such as are generally used in the
manufacture of coal-gas, and for the mixing of such carburetted water-gas with
the coal-gas for the purpose of raising the candle-power of the latter.
In making water-gas, according to my said invention, 1 pass steam, preferably
superheated steam, through the coke remaining in a gas-retort after the distillation
of coal for the production of coal-gas has been effected therein.
I find it advantageous to carry my invention into practice as follows, that is to
sayThe coal gas is first manufactured in the retorts in the usual manner, after
which the fuel or coke in each of the said retorts is massed in one end thereof, and
blown into a state of incandescence by a suitable hot-blast or other current of air.
The producer-gas formed during this process is conducted to and consumed in the
furnace for heating the retorts. When the said fuel or coke is in a proper state of
incandescence, the air-blast is shut off, and highly superheated or surcharged steam
is admitted to each of the retorts at or near one end of the mass of incandescent
coke, and is caused to pass through the latter, whereby it is decomposed or con-
verted into water-gas; vaporized hydrocarbon is admitted at or near the other
end of the mass of incandescent coke and is mixed with the said water-gas. This
carburetted water-gas is then fixed or converted into a permanent gas in the retort,

page_text: and is conveyed through a suitable pipe to the gas-holder and mixed with the coal-
gas therein; or it is conducted to a separate holder and mixed with the coal-gas in
any other convenient manner.
The production of water-gas is continued either until the coke in the retorts is
completely exhausted, or only for a sufficient length of time to cause an inappreciable
deterioration in the quality thereof, leaving the same still available for use as fuel.
In cases where the coke is left in a highly heated condition after the manu-
facture of the coal-gas therefrom, the air-blast may be dispensed with and the
stean be admitted to the retort as soon as the distillation of the coal is completed.
In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated improved apparatus which may
be advantageously used for carrying on the manufacture of gas in accordance with
my said invention.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, and
Figure 2 a longitudinal central section, of a bed or bench of gas-retorts having
my improvements applied thereto.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal central section, illustrating another modification of my
apparatus.
Figure 4 is a plan, partly in longtiudinal section, of one of the retorts.
Figure 5 is a sectional side elevation, drawn to an enlarged scale, illustrating
details of construction of the apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 6 is a front elevation, also drawn to an enlarged scale, illustrating details
of construction of the apparatus shown in Figure 3.
Figure 7 is a vertical central section of a stationary apparatus for generating
the steam and performing other operations necessary in the production of the
water-gas.
Figure 8 is a plan, and
Figure 9 a side elevation of a portable apparatus for effecting these operations,
arranged to run upon rails in front of a series of benches of retorts.
Figure 10 is a front elevation, and
Figure 11 a vertical central section of a retort-cover hereinafter referred to.
Figure 12 is a sectional side elevation showing a door and jointing plug combined
with a rake as hereinafter described, and
Figure 13 is a sectional side elevation showing a door and jointing plug com-
bined with pipes for the supply of air, steam and hydrocarbon vapor to the retort
as hereinafter described.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
A, A are the retorts; B is the furnace for heating the same; C, C are the pipes
for conducting the gas from the said retorts, which pipes dip into a hydraulic seal D
in the usual manner.
The gas-retorts A, in the apparatus shown, are set or placed at a suitable angle
or inclination, and are to be charged from their upper ends. The pipes C are
connected, by means of branch-pipes C', with a pipe E communicating with the
furnace B, so that, when required, the producer-gas generated in the retort by the
air-blast as hereinafter mentioned, may be conducted to and consumed in the said
furnace. The pipes C and branches are provided with suitable seatings C³, C³,
Figure 5, in combination with which is arranged a double conical valve Fattached
to a spindle F¹. This spindle is provided with a weighted arm or lever F³, 80
arranged that, when it is moved or thrown over in one direction, it will cause the
said double conical valve F to close the gas-delivery pipe C and, at the same time,
open the pipe C³, as shown by full lines in Figure 5, and, when moved or thrown
over in the reverse direction, it will open the pipe C and close the pipe C¹ as shown
by dotted lines in Figure 5. To permit the simultaneous operation of all the
valves F connected with any one bench of retorts, I connect the weighted arms or
levers F2, by means of cords or chains F3, to grooved wheels or pulleys G keyed
or otherwise firmly secured upon a shaft G', which is supported in suitable bearings
attached to the pipes C or to any other convenient support. At either or both
ends of this shaft G', I provide a grooved wheel or pulley G' having passed around

page_text: and dependent from it an endless band, chain or cord G, whereby the said shaft
can be turned in either direction to throw or move the weighted arms or levers F
in the corresponding direction through a sufficient angle to permit their descent
under the action of gravity. The chains or cords F3 are so arranged that, when
either of the said weighted arms or levers is moved to the extremity of its throw or
movement in one or the other direction, the corresponding cord or chain will
remain slack, as shown in Figure 5, thus allowing the valve F to be held firmly
against either seating C or C by the action of the weighted arm or lever F³.
To prevent over-heating of the valves F and thus obviate the liability to sticking
of the said valves upon their seatings, I prefer to provide a trough or tank H of
water around the valve-casings. The pipes C' may extend through the back of
this tank to the pipe E as shown in Figures 1 and 2, or they may extend through
the bottom of the said tank to the said pipe E as shown in Figure 5.
In Figure 3, an arrangement is shown in which the gas is conducted from
the upper ends of the inclined retorts. In this figure, moreover, the pipes C
and Care shown provided with suitable three-way cocks I in place of the
valves F above described. The plug of each of these cocks is provided with
a grooved wheel I', Figures 3 and 6, around which is passed a chain 12
provided with a suitable weight I³. These wheels are arranged to be simultaneously
turned in one direction, by hand or otherwise, by means of a chain I', and, when
released, will be automatically turned in the reverse direction by the weighted
chains I'
In the lower part of each of the retorts A, a passage or channel A' (Figure 4)
is formed in the side or wall thereof, and extends for a suitable distance along the
same. One extremity of this passage is connected by means of a branch-pipe J'
with a supply pipe J (Figures 1 and 2) and the other extremity thereof communi-
cates with the interior of the retort. K is another supply pipe which is connected
to the lower ends of the retorts by means of branch-pipes K. The said pipes J, K
are provided with nozzles J, K for connection with the flexible pipes or hose
hereinafter described; and the pipes J, K, are provided with suitable stop cocks
or valves for regulating or controlling the supply of hydrocarbon vapor, air and
steam to the retorts as required.
In Figure 7 I have shown one form of my apparatus for generating or producing
the necessary hot air blast, the steam and the hydrocarbon vapor.
In this figure,
M is a vertical boiler having secured thereto a small engine N arranged to drive
a fan or blower P, the delivery aperture of which is connected, by a pipe P¹ and a
three-way cock Q', with one end of a coil of pipe Q suitably arranged within the
boiler-furnace; the other end of the coil Q is adapted to be connected with the air
and steam supply pipe of either bench of retorts by means of a suitable flexible
pipe or hose Q. The three-way cock Q' is also connected, by means of a pipe R
provided with a stop-valve R', with the steam-space of the boiler, so that either air
or steam may be admitted to the heating-coil Q.
A closed evaporating tank or chamber S for the hydrocarbon, is arranged over
the crown or upper part of the boiler; or it may be arranged in any other con-
venient position relatively thereto. In this tank, are suitable wicks or cottons S',
which are arranged in an annular tray S2 for containing liquid hydrocarbon. The
said liquid hydrocarbon is supplied through a pipe S. The wicks S₁ hang over
the sides of the tray S³, and are passed through holes in an annular plate or
partition S fixed in the said tank. A suitable steam-coil T is arranged within the
tank S, through which coil, live steam from the boiler can be allowed to pass by
means of a cock T. The exhaust-steam from the coil T is conducted into the
uptake M. S is the outlet-pipe for the bydrocarbon vapour. This pipe is
provided with a stop-cock S and is adapted to be connected to the hydrocarbon
supply-pipe of any one bench of retorts, by a flexible pipe or hose S7. The said
tank or chamber S is provided with a purging cock S, a pressure-gauge S, a
safety-valve S10, and any other requisite fittings. An apparatus such as that above
described with reference to Figure 7, may be arranged in combination with several

page_text: benches of retorts, and be connected successively therewith by the flexible
pipes Q, S7.
The hydrocarbon vapor must always be admitted to the retorts at or near that
end of the mass of incandescent coke next the gas-outlets or gas-delivery pipes C.
When these pipes are connected with the upper ends of the retorts as in Figure 3,
the flexible pipe or hose Q should be connected with the pipe K and the hose S'
with the pipe J, so that the air and steam will enter the retorts through the branch-
pipes K, Figure 4, and the hydrocarbon vapor will enter the retorts through the
branch-pipes J¹ and passages A'. When, however, the pipes C are connected with
the lower ends of the retorts as in Figures 1 and 2, the hose Q' should be connected
to the pipe J and the hose S' to the pipe K. In this case, the pipes K' are
preferably connected with the retorts at a point about from twelve to eighteen
inches from the lower end thereof.
In large works, I find it advantageous to arrange the fan or blower, the
heating coil or coils, and the hydrocarbon evaporating tank or chamber, in
combination with a small locomotive, which is adapted to run upon the line of
rails intended for the coke-trucks or waggons, or upon any other suitable line
of rails. I am thus enabled to move the apparatus from one bench of retorts to
another with facility, and to make one apparatus serve for a very large number
of benches of retorts. The said locomotive; moreover, may also be advan-
tageously employed for hauling or moving the coke-trucks or waggons.
In Figures 8 and 9, I have shown a portable apparatus or locomotive adapted
for the purposes above specified. In these figures, the boiler M is horizontal,
and the engine N is mounted upon the top of the same. The hydrocarbon
evaporating tank S is arranged on one side of the said boiler, and a water-
tank U on the other side thereof. The exhaust-steam from the engine is
conducted through a pipe N' into the said tank U, and from the latter through
a pipe U¹ into the uptake M. Steam is also conducted from the boiler through
a cock T and pipe T into the heating-coil within the evaporating tank S,
and from the said coil to the water-tank U through a pipe U. The delivery-
aperture of the blower P is, in this case, connected directly to the three-way
cock Q¹ The other parts of the apparatus are constructed and arranged
substantially as above described with reference to Figure 7.
The entire apparatus for the supply of air, steam and hydrocarbon vapour,
is supported by its wheels V upon rails W so that it can be moved with
facility from one bench of retorts to another, and is provided with a suitable
platform X for the engineer or attendant.
The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows, that is to say :- -The
coal-gas having been distilled from the charges in either bench of retorts, small
doors provided on the retort-covers are opened to admit a rake, and the coke
is thereby drawn down or massed in the lower portion of each of the said
retorts. The flexible pipes or hose Q³, S' are then connected respectively to
the pipes K, J of the said bench of retorts, and the valves F or cocks I are
operated so as to close the pipes C leading to the gas-holder, and open the
branch-pipes C¹ leading to the pipe E communicating with the furnace B of the
said bench of retorts. The three-way cock Q¹ is then turned so as to put
the blower P in communication with the coil Q, and, the engine N being started,
an air-blast is forced, by means of the said blower P, through the coil Q, in
which it is heated, and whence it passes through the pipes Q, K, K¹ into the
retorts, thus blowing the mass of fuel or coke therein into a state of incan-
descence, and, at the same time, generating gas, which is conducted through
the pipes C, E into the furnace B, where it is consumed, thereby greatly
increasing the temperature of the retorts. When the coke is raised to a
sufficiently high temperature for the manufacture of water-gas, the three-way
cock Q' is turned so as to shut off the air-blast and admit steam to the heating
coil Q and the valves F or cocks I are again operated to close the branch-
pipes C¹, and open the pipes C. The steam, after being highly superheated or

page_text: surcharged in the coil Q, passes through the pipes Q, K, K' into the retorts,
in which it is converted into water-gas by its passage through and contact with
the incandescent coke therein. The cock S is also opened to admit the vaporized
hydrocarbon to the retorts, which it enters at or near the end of the mass of
fuel opposite that at which the steam is introduced. The water-gas and hydro-
carbon vapor are, therefore, intermingled, and the carburetted gas thus produced
is fixed in its passage through the remaining portions of the retorts, which are
very highly heated.
My improvements can be advantageously applied to existing gas-retorts as
follows, r. The retort-cover A', Figures 10 and 11, is provided with a short
conical pipe a adapted to be closed by means of a plug of asbestos or other
suitable material carried by a door b, which is formed with projections e adapted
to engage with lugs or books on the said pipe a, which lugs are formed with
inclined surfaces d' so that, by turning the said door about its axis, the plug
carried by the said door can be forced tightly into the conical pipe a.
After the coal-gas has been distilled, the door band its plug are to be
removed, to permit the insertion of a rake e, Figure 12, for drawing the coke
towards one end of the retort. To prevent the escape of gas during this
operation, the said rake is passed through a plug f of asbestos or other suitable
material also adapted to close the pipe a and carried by a door 31 provided
with projections to engage with the lugs or hooks d on the said pipe a. A
tight joint is thus formed around the stem of the rake without interfering with
the required movements of the said rake.
For introducing the air, steam and hydrocarbon vapor into the retort, I provide
another plug 1, Figure 13, which is also adapted to close the pipe a and is carried
by a door provided with projections to engage with the lugs or books on the
said pipe and I secure in the said door pipes J, K adapted to be connected
with flexible pipes or hose for the supply of air and steam, and of hydrocarbon
vapor respectively. The pipe J for the supply of the hydrocarbon vapor extends-
to a suitable distance from the interior of the said door to ensure the introduction
of the hydrocarbon vapor into the retort a short distance from the inner end of the
mass of coke therein. When the rake e is removed from the retort with the plug f
and door &, the plug f' and door together with the pipes J, K are fitted and
secured to the pipe a, the said pipes J, K being readily inserted into the passage
left in the mass of coke by the withdrawal of the rake e through the same.
the manufacture of the water-gas, the plug f³, door and pipes J, K may be
removed from the retort, and the latter be recharged with coal, the door b and its
plug being again secured to the pipe a as above described.
After
Although I have hereinbefore described a convenient and advantageous form of
apparatus for carrying on my improved method of manufacturing gas, yet it is
obvious that I can, if desired, somewhat modify the construction of the said
apparatus, or I can use other suitable apparatus for the purpose of my said
invention.
My improvements are advantageously appiicable to horizontal retorts as well as
to inclined retorts.
It is evident, moreover, that, by my invention, ordinary water-gas may be made
instead of carburetted water-gas.
In cases where the coke in the retort is sufficiently heated by the furnace, the
blower above mentioned may be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood
that I claim :—
First. The manufacture of water-gas in a gas-retort by means of the heated
residual coke contained therein after the distillation of coal for the production of
coal-gas.
Second. The manufacture of water-gas by first blowing or raising to incandescence

page_text: the heated residual coke contained in a gas-retort after the distillation of coal
therein, and then passing steam through the incandescent coke, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Third. The improved method of manufacturing carburetted water-gas, consisting
in passing superheated steam and hydrocarbon vapour through the heated residual
coke contained in a gas-retort after the distillation of coal therein, with or without
previously raising the heated coke to incandescence by blowing, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Fourth. The combination, with a bench of gas-retorts, of suitable means for
introducing an air-blast into the said retorts and for conducting the producer-gas
generated therein into the furnace for heating the retorts, for the purposes above
specified.
Fifth. The combination, with the pipes for connecting the retorts with the gas-
holder and with the retort-furnace, of suitable cocks or valves and means for
simultaneously operating the same to open the communication with the furnace and
close that with the gas-holder and vice versa, (with or without the tank enclosing
the said cocks or valves) substantially as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Sixth. The combination of parts comprising the double conical valve, the
weighted lever on the spindle thereof, and the wheel or pulley connected with the
said lever by a chain or cord, substantially as described, whereby the said valve
may be closed against one or the other of two seatings, as, and for the purposes,
above specified.
Seventh. A bench of gas-retorts having my improvements applied thereto
substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 to 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
Eighth. The improved apparatus comprising the steam generator having the
heating-coil in the furnace thereof, connected with the steam-space of the generator
and provided with a flexible pipe or hose for connection with the retorts (with or
without the fan or blower adapted to be connected with the said heating-coil and
with the said flexible pipe or hose), and the hydrocarbon evaporating tank having
the heating-coil connected with the steam-space of the generator, and provided with
a flexible pipe or hose for connection with the retorts, substantially as described
with reference to Figure 7 or to Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings, for the purposes
above specified.
Ninth. The combination, with the rake, of the device for closing the space
around the stem during the operation of raking the fuel to the front end of the
retort, substantially as described with reference to Figure 12 of the drawings.
Tenth. The combination of parts comprising the plug, the door and the pipes
secured therein, substantially as described with reference to Figure 13 of the
drawings, whereby I provide for readily adapting existing gas-retorts for the pro-
duction of water-gas, as above specified.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1891
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.