Improvements in Taps, Cocks, or Valves for Domestic, Sanitary, other Purposes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 29th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Taps, Cocks, or Valves for Domestic, Sanitary,
other Purposes.
and
I, HARRY RICHMOND CHUBB of 16 South Street, Greenwich in the
County of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates more particularly to taps, cocks or valves, used for attach-
ment to water mains & pipes connected therewith, but may be used for most
purposes.
The object of this invention is to provide a tap which shall prevent the
concussion in water pipes, caused by the sudden closing of any tap, cock, or valve
attached thereto.
This is attained by constructing the tap in such a manner that a gradual closing
movement is always ensured.
This tap may be classed amongst the pull & push type, but differs from the
ordinary tap of that description in this particular that the push spindle is hollow
& forms the plug & spout for the outlet of the water or other liquid.
This tap may be constructed in such a manner that either pushing the plunger in
or pulling it out closes it.
In the former design of tap, of the bib end class, it may be described as consisting
chiefly of two parts, viz. the main body or barrel of the tap, which is attached to
the water or other pipe, & a hollow plunger plug, terminating in a bib at the
outlet end, which slides in & out through a gland & two packing rings,
separated by a distance ring, fitted in the barrel of the body of the tap.
The main body of the tap assumes either the shape of a tee, or a straight barrel
with a parallel inlet connection, according to whether it is desired to attach the tap
to a vertical or horizontal pipe. In either case the inlet water, or liquid, is
conducted to the chamber, formed by the two packing rings & the perforated
distance ring, in the middle of the length of the barrel part of the tap. The back
end of this barrel is closed, or cast solid, & is of a diameter slightly larger than
the diameter of the plunger, but fits easily a cap, fixed to the inner end of the
plunger, to prevent the plunger being pulled through the packing rings. This cap
is made with a couple of ears which slide in two corresponding grooves in the bore
of the barrel of the tap to prevent the plunger turning round.
The front part of the barrel is bored out to form a stuffing box, the bottom of
which is formed by a loose disc, bored to fit the plunger & which, together with
the distance ring & gland, is threaded on the plunger before the cap, already
referred to, is fixed. The front face of this disc is bevelled both ways, as also is
the bottom end of the gland & each end of the perforated distance ring, in order
to tighten the packing both on the plunger & the wall of the stuffing box.
The packing may consist of any ordinary kind, or of two woodite rings, such as
are used for the gauge glasses of boiler water gauge cocks, placed face to face,
with merely the distance ring between them. When the woodite packing is used
then the disc at the bottom of the stuffing box is not necessary, nor is the bevelling
of the ends of either the gland or distance ring. The gland thus tightens both
packings, the outer one directly & the inner one indirectly, through the medium
of the distance ring.
The walls of the distance ring are perforated at the middle part of its length,
where it is reduced in diameter to allow of the inlet water getting around it & to have
ID 977

page_text: access to all the perforations which communicate with the chamber between the
packings.
In the hollow plunger are also perforations so situated that, when the plunger is
drawn out, they come between the two packings, thus affording a means of egress
for the water, or other liquid, through the plunger to the bib at its front end.
These perforations are arranged around & along the length of the plunger,
diminishing in number & size towards the end which passes last through the
packing ring, when the tap is being closed, & thus ensures a gradual closing of the
tap & stoppage of the flow of the liquid.
A knob, or tee handle, is formed at the front end of the plunger by which to
open or close the tap or, in the case of large sizes, a lever or wheel, working on
a screw on the plunger, may be substituted. These taps may also be secured by a
lock & key when desired.
In the design where the plunger pulls out to close the tap, the inner packing
ring & the distance ring may be dispensed with; the order of arrangement of the
perforations in the plunger will be reversed, so that the smaller & fewer holes will
be the last to pass the packing ring; & the front end of the back chamber
will be provided with a stop pin, or lug, to regulate the travel of the plunger
forward.
In a through way tap, for fixing in a length of piping, the front end of the
plunger would be closed, the bib being dispensed with, & a knob or handle, merely,
provided for opening or closing the tap; the back end of the plunger would be
open & would form the outlet & communicate with the back chamber, from which a
port-way would lead to the main outlet of the tap directly opposite the inlet.
If fixed at a bend in a length of piping then the main outlet would be at the
back end of the chamber.
When desired a spring may be fitted in the back chamber in order to make the
tap self closing.
Dated this Thirteenth day of May 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Taps, Cocks, or Valves for Domestic, Sanitary, and
other Purposes.
I, HARRY RICHMOND CHUBB of 16 South Street, Greenwich, in the County
of Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
manner the same
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates more particularly to taps, cocks or valves used for
attachment to water mains and pipes connected therewith, but may be used for most
purposes for which cocks or valves of any ordinary description are usually used.
The object of this invention is to provide a tap which shall prevent the concussion
in water pipes caused by taps, cocks or valves having a sudden closing action.
This is attained by constructing the tap in such a manner that a gradual closing
movement is always ensured.
This tap may be classed among the pull and push type but differs from the
ordinary tap of that description in this particular, that the push spindle is hollow
and forms the plug and spout for the outlet of the water or other liquid. It may
be constructed in such a manner that either pushing the plunger in, or pulling it
out, closes it. In the former design of tap, of the bib end class, it may be
described as consisting chiefly of two parts, viz. the main body, or barrel of the tap,
which is attached to the water, or other pipe and a hollow spindle or plunger plug,

page_text: terminating in a bib at the outlet end, which slides in and out through a gland and
two packing rings, separated by a distance ring, fitted in the barrel of the body of
the tap.
In the accompanying drawings
:-
Figure 1 represents a side elevation, in section, through the centre, of a bib end
tap constructed with the double packings and distance rings and the plunger made
to pull out in order to open the tap.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of No. 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation, in section through the centre of a through way tap
to fix in a length of piping, constructed with the double packings and distance ring,
the plunger closed at the front end but open at the back, and communicating with
the port way leading to the outlet.
Figure 4 is a front elevation of No. 3.
Figure 5 is a side elevation, in section through the centre of a tap for fixing to a
horizontal pipe, with the front or top end of the plunger closed and the back or
lower end open, and is opened and closed by means of a screw, instead of merely
pulling and pushing, as in Figures 1 and 3.
a is the main body or barrel of the tap, 6 the hollow spindle or plunger plug,
c the gland, d the gland nut, e, e¹ the two packings, f the perforated distance ring,
g
the loose disc, the cap on back end of plunger in Figure 1 and in Fig. 3,
the ears of the cap Fig. 1 sliding in the grooves j, j, Figures 1 and 2 in
back end of barrel; the tee or wheel handle at end of plunger; 1 screw cap in
Figure 5 on back end of plunger working in screw m formed in back end of barrel;
n, in Figure 3, port way leading from back end of barrel to outlet p, o being
the inlet.
The main body a of the tap of the bib end class assumes either the shape of
a tee as in Figure 1, or a straight barrel with a parallel inlet connection according
to whether it is desired to attach the tap to a vertical or horizontal pipe. In
either case the inlet water or liquid is conducted to the chamber formed by the
two packing rings e, e¹ and the perforated distance ring f in the middle of the
length of the barrel part, a, of the tap. The back end of this barrel is closed or
cast solid and is of a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the hollow
spindle or plunger b, but fits easily the cap h fixed to the inner end of the plunger >>
to prevent the plunger being pulled through the packing rings e, e'. This cap h
in this, the bib end, class of tap is made with a couple of ears i, which slide in
two corresponding grooves j, j¹, Figs. 1 & 2, in the back part of the bore of the
barrel of the tap to prevent the plunger turning round. The front part of the
barrel is of larger diameter than the back and is bored out to form a stuffing box,
the bottom of which is formed by a loose disc g bored to fit the plunger 6 and which,
together with the distance ring f, gland c, and gland nut d is threaded on the
plunger before the cap h, already referred to, is fixed. The front face of this
disc is bevelled both ways as also are the bottom end of the gland c and each
end of the perforated distance ring f in order to tighten the packings e, el both
on the plunger and the wall of the stuffing box.
The packing may consist of any ordinary kind or of two woodite rings, such as
are used for the gauge glasses of boiler water gauge cocks, placed face to face with
merely the distance ring hetween them. When the woodite packing is used then
the disc g, at the bottom of the stuffing box, is not necessary nor is the bevelling
of the ends of either the gland c or the distance ring f. The gland thus tightens
both packings, the outer one e¹ directly, and the inner one, e, indirectly through
the medium of the distance ring f. The walls of the distance ring f are
perforated at the middle part of its length, where its outside diameter is reduced
and its inside increased to allow of the inlet water getting around it and to have
access to all the perforations which communicate with the chamber, formed by
the enlargement of the inside diameter of the distance ring f, and the two
packings e, e¹.
In the hollow plunger b are also perforations so situated that when the plunger

page_text: is drawn out they come between the two packings e, e¹ and opposite the perforations
in the distance ring f, thus affording the means of egress for the water or other
liquid through the plunger b to the bib at its front end. These perforations are
arranged around and along the length of the plunger diminishing in number and
sizę towards the end which passes last through the packing when the tap is being
closed and thus ensures a gradual closing of the tap and a gradual stoppage of the
flow of the water.
A knob, tee, or other convenient shaped handle, k is formed at the front end of
the plunger b by which to open or close the tap or, in the case of large sizes, or,
where desirable, in place of the knob or tee may be substituted either a lever or
wheel working on a screw on the plunger or as in Figure 5, the wheel handle may
be keyed to the plunger and a screw formed on the cap l at the back end of the
plunger, which shall traverse a screw m formed in the bore of the back end of the
barrel of the tap. These taps may also be secured by a lock and key when
.desired.
In the design where the plunger pulls out to close the tap the inner packing
ring e, and the distance ring f, may be dispensed with; the order of arrangement
of the perforations in the plunger will be reversed so that the smaller & fewer
holes will be the last to pass the packing ring, and the front end of the back
-chamber will be provided with a stop or lug to regulate the travel forward of the
plunger. In certain other designs such as through way taps, Figures 3 and 4, for
fixing in lengths of piping, the front end of the plunger would be closed, the bib
being dispensed with and merely a handle or other means provided for opening and
closing the tap; the back end of the plunger would be open and would form the
outlet and communicate with the back chamber, from which a port way n would
lead to the main outlet p of the tap, directly opposite the inlet o. If fixed at a
bend in a length of piping then the main outlet would be at the back end of the
back chamber. This latter form of tap may, when its inlet side is fixed to a
horizontal pipe, as in Figure 5, be used instead of the bib pattern. In the pull
& push type of tap, when desired, a spring may be fitted in the back chamber in
order to make the tap self closing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. A tap or valve constructed substantially as described whereby a gradual
opening and closing action is obtained by the sliding of a specially perforated
hollow plunger through one or more packing rings which act as the closing medium
of the tap.
Second. In a tap or valve constructed substantially as described the perforated
distance ring and arrangement of loose disc, packings, gland and gland nut forming
the hollow chamber by means of which an equilibrium valve of the pull and push
type is obtained.
Third. In a tap or valve constructed substantially as described the cap and the
ears formed thereon together with the grooves in which they slide whereby the
travel of the plunger is regulated and the plunger, of the bib end type, is prevented
from turning round; also in certain designs the screw cap and the thread in back
end of barrel in which it engages forming together a means of actuating the travel
of the plunger.
Fourth. The general construction and arrangement and combinations of parts
-constituting the tap or valve substantially as described.
Dated this 29th day of January 1894.
HARRY RICHMOND CHUBB.