AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON WADDING AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Hooley and John Wood, both of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Wadding Manufacturers, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON WADDING
AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH."
Sealed the 4th December 1860, and dated the 6th June 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Hooley and John
Wood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 6th June 1860.
We, PETER HOOLEY and JOHN WOOD, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Cotton Wadding Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON
WADDING, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as
follows:-
The improvement consists in the employment of a travelling endless web,
cloth, or apron, placed or used in a vertical position in contradistinction to any
other position, such cloth passing round the under side of a drum at the
delivery end of the carding engine, and receives on to its surface the sliver
from the stripper or "doffer," and after travelling to any height required,
passes over a roller and descends to a small roller immediately above the main
drum, under which it passes and rises to another roller, and passing over it
Price d

page_text: descends again to the under side of the drum to the "doffer," receiving an
additional sliver at the completion of each circuit until the required thickness
is attained, when the web of cotton may be detached by severing and stripping
.it from the endless cloth, and folded in plaits, in which state it is most suitable
to be operated upon by the sizing machine, which constitutes a second part of
our Invention.
The improvement in sizing consists in the novel employment of one large
cylinder with two rollers of smalldiameter revolvingagainst its periphery, the
web of cotton being lightly pressed by the first roller, and after receiving a
coating of size, passes beneath the second roller to a drying machine of
ordinary description.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Hooley and John Wood in the Great Seat Patent
Office on the 6th December 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, PETER
HOOLEY and JOHN WOOD, both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Wadding Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Peter Hooley and John Wood, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Peter Hooley and John Wood, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON
WADDING, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the
conditions, amongst others, that we, the said Peter Hooley and John Wood,
(or one of us)by an instrument in writing under our hands aud seals,or(under
the hand and seal of one of us), should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed,and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Hooley, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
The improvement consists in the employment of a travelling endless web,
cloth, or apron,placed or used in a vertical position in contradistinction to any
other position, such cloth passing round the under side of a drum at the
delivery end of the carding engine, and receives on to its surface the sliver of
cotton from the doffer or stripper, and after travelling to any height required,
passes over a roller or rollers and descends to a small roller or rollers im-
mediately above the main drum, under which it passes and rises to another
roller, and passing over it descends again around the under side of the drum
to the doffer, receiving an additional sliver at the completion of each circuit
until the required thickness is attained, when the web of cotton may be
detached by severing and stripping it from the endless cloth, and folding it in
plaits, in which state it is most suitable to be operated upon by the sizing
machine, which constitutes a second part of the Invention.
The improvement in sizing consists in the novel employment of one large
cylinder with two rollers of small diameter revolving against its periphery, the
web of cotton being lightly pressed by the first roller, and after receiving a
coating of size passes beneath the second roller to a drying machine of
ordinary description.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of the same,
Fig. 1 being an end view of the arrangement of rollers and endless cloth
for forming the wadding; and Fig. 2 is a Diagram, shewing the improved
method of pressing and sizing the wadding when formed.
In Fig. 1, a, a, is the endless cloth, which passes round the under side of
the drum b, where it receives on to its exterior surface the lap or sliver of
cotton from the doffing cylinder c; the endless band a then passes over the
roller d, arranged in suitable bearings at a required height, and descends again
to the small roller e, then rises to the roller f, and descends again to the under
side of the large drum b, completing the circuit; or the endless cloth may be
passed up and down over conducting rollers in its passage from the doffer to
the drum bas often as is necessary to obtain the requisite length of wadding.
Thus it will be seen, that by the continuous feeding of the carding engine an
extra coating of cotton is laid upon the wadding at the completion of each
circuit until the desired thickness is attained, when the web of wadding is
removed to the machine to be sized, as illustrated in Fig. 2. In Fig. 2, g is

page_text: the large cylinder, around which the wadding passes, being first slightly
pressed by the roller h, and then coated with a layer of size, passing beneath
the roller to be further pressed, and to lay the size even; this may be
repeated if required, or the wadding may be taken direct to an ordinary
drying machine,or to one consisting in a long tubular box or chamber k open
at the ends, at one of which, being carried by the creeper 7, and passes under
rows of steam pipes m, around which a stream of air circulates, being driven
in at the opposite end of the case by a fan, and which passes over the surface
of the wadding in a heated state, by which means the wadding is dried
before it leaves the chamber.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim,-
First, applying or employing the endless cloth which receives the sliver of
cotton from the carding engine in a vertical position, together with the
arrangement of rollers or cylinders shewn and described.
And, secondly, I claim the novel employment and use of two small rollers
or cylinders in combination with one large drum or cylinder in the machine
for applying the size, as herein before described, set forth, and fully exhibited
in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Hooley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
PETER HOOLEY. (L.S.)