Improvements in Petroleum or Naphtha Soap, and in the Method of and Apparatus for Producing the same.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 14th Jan., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Petroleum or Naphtha Soap, and in the Method of
and Apparatus for Producing the same.
I, SAMUEL STANTON, of 17 Southampton Row, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Commission Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
(which has been communicated to me from abroad by Ephraim Wentworth Stanton,
of Colwyn, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Soap
Maker), and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The principal objects of my present invention are first, to provide soap or soap
stock permanently infused or impregnated with petroleum, naphtha or its derivatives;
second, to provide a simple, expeditious and comparatively inexpensive method of
impregnating soap with petroleum or its derivatives, in such a manner that the
impregnation or infusion is complete and permanent; and third, to provide com-
paratively simple, durable and efficient apparatus for practicing my improved
method in the production of my improved soap.
My invention comprises a soap or soap stock permanently infused or impreg-
nated with petroleum, naphtha or its derivatives.
My invention further comprises the method of permanently impregnating or
infusing soap or soap stock with petroleum or its derivatives, which consists in
subjecting a saponifiable mixture or mass containing petroleum or its derivatives to
a high temperature and preventing the escape of the volatile ingredients of the
petroleum or its derivatives, whereby the same are permanently impregnated or
infused into the mass or stock.
My invention further comprises an apparatus for impregnating or infusing soap
or soap stock with petroleum or its derivatives, which consists of a closed vessel
provided with means adapted to permit of the escape of air and to retain the
lighter volatile products, and of means for heating and cooling said vessel; and
My invention further consists in the improvements hereinafter described and
particularly pointed out in the claims.
Petroleum soap or soap stock embodying features of my invention may be
distinguished from ordinary petroleum soap or soap stock by reason of the fact,
that it is permanently and lastingly infused or impregnated with a large percentage
of petroleum or its derivatives. Such a soap or soap stock may be produced
according to my improved method in the following manner :-
A saponifiable substance and petroleum are thoroughly mixed; and it may be
remarked that the word "petroleum" is used herein to designate mineral oils, crude
petroleum, as well as such of their derivatives, as are adapted for use in the pro-
duction of soap, as naphtha. Excellent results have been attained in practice by
mixing the following ingredients in the proportions specified hereunder :
:
Naphtha, at 65° gravity
and a saponifiable substance comprising pul-
verized rosin
Caustic potash dissolved in lime water and
reduced to about 60°
Caustic soda in solution at 38°
-
100 gallons
750 pounds
100 pounds
-
100 pounds.
However, my invention is not limited to the employment of the substances named
nor to the exact proportions stated. This mixture may be effected by agitation,
without which the ingredients would tend to separate by gravity. The mixture
is then heated to ebullition in a closed vessel from which the volatile components.

page_text: of the petroleum cannot escape and is subsequently permitted to cool or may be
artificially cooled therein, with the result that a syrup or soap stock thoroughly and
permanently impregnated or infused with petroleum is obtained. This syrup or
soap stock constitutes a soft soap which may be converted into a hard soap by
mixing it in the cold state or condition with a solution of caustic soda at 38°, more.
or less, and in the proportion of about three parts of syrup to one of the soda
solution. This syrup or soap stock also constitutes a substance that may be
advantageously mixed with soaps produced from grease and fatty matter in the
ordinary manner, thereby improving their quality and reducing their cost.
practice this result may be accomplished by crutching one part of the syrup or
soap stock with about three parts of soap, in the ordinary manner.
In
In the accompanying drawing is illustrated a view partly in section and partly in
elevation of an apparatus embodying features of my invention and especially
adapted for the practical and commercial application of my improved process of
soap making.
In the drawing a, is a tank adapted for the reception of a saponifiable substance
and petroleum and provided with an agitator b, by means of which these ingredients
may be thoroughly mixed. c, is a pipe communicating with the tank a, and
through which the mixture is forced by gravity or by a pump d, to the closed
vessel e.
9, is a coil of pipe located in the vessel e, and provided with an off-take
pipe g., is a pipe provided with a cock h¹, and adapted to convey steam to the
coil 9, in order to heat the contents of the vessel e, to ebullition. is a pipe pro-
vided with a cock ', for supplying water to the coil g, in order to cool the contents
of the vessel e. k, is a glass gauge applied to the wall of the vessel e, in order to
show the height of the contents thereof. I, is a spigot or tap through which the
contents of the vessel e, may be drawn off into a vat or cart m. n, is a condensing
coil provided with a pet-cock n', and communicating at one extremity thereof with
the interior of the vessel e, and having the other extremity thereof immersed in a
water seal o. This coil n, serves to condense the volatile constituents of the
petroleum and for this purpose may be artificially cooled by means of a stream or
jet of water. Moreover, the slope of the coil n, is toward the vessel e, so that the
liquids resulting from the condensation that occurs therein, flow back into the
vessel g.
It being understood that certain vapors may pass through the coil in
order to relieve the pressure thereiu, and such vapors are condensed in or escape.
from the water seal o.
9,
9,
In practice the tank a, being properly charged with a saponifiable substance or,
material and petroleum or naphtha, its contents are commingled by means of the
agitator b. The resulting mixture is then introduced into the vessel e, through the,
pipe, until the vessel e, is about one third full, which fact may be readily ascer-
tained by reference to the gauge k. Steam is then introduced into the coil
through the pipe h, and the contents of the vessel e, are brought to the point of
ebullition, which is indicated by the rising of the liquid in the gauge, whereupon
the supply of steam is shut off, and water is introduced into the coil through the,
pipe i. These operations are facilitated by stirring the contents of the vessel e, by
means of the agitator f, which is also useful for commingling the contents of the
vessel e, if they should have been accidentally left unboiled long enough to separate
by gravity.
During the heating operation a considerable volatilization of the components
of the petroleum or naphtha takes place, which would result in loss and prevent
the permanent impregnation or infusion of the soap or soap stock if the vessel e,
were open, and possibly an undue pressure if it were closed. However, the coil n,
and its accessories prevent the escape of the petroleum products from the vessel e,
thus ensuring the permanent impregnation or infusion of the soap or soap stock
with a large percentage of petroleum. This coil n, also permits sufficient air to
pass off at the water seal o, for relieving the pressure in the vessel e. During the
cooling operation air may be admitted through the pet-cock n'

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A soap or soap stock permanently infused or impregnated with petroleum,
naphtha or its derivatives, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. The method of impregnating a soap or soap stock with petroleum or its
derivatives, which consists in subjecting a saponifiable mixture containing petroleum
or its derivatives to a high temperature and preventing the escape of the volatile
components of the petroleum or its derivatives, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
3. The method of making soap containing petroleum or its derivatives, which
consists in mixing. petroleum or its derivatives, rosin and an alkali in a tank and
conveying the mixture through a pipe to a closed vessel and subjecting it to heat,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. The method of making soap or soap stock containing petroleum or its
derivatives, which consists in subjecting a mixture of petroleum or its derivatives,
rosin and an alkali in a closed vessel to heat, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
5. The method of making soap, which consists in subjecting a mixture of rosin,
petroleum and alkali in a closed vessel to heat, and then adding thereto ordinary
soap stock, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. The method of impregnating or infusing a soap or soap stock with petroleum
or its derivatives, which consists in subjecting a saponifiable mixture containing
petroleum or its derivatives in a closed vessel to heat, and then cooling the
contents of the closed vessel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
7. An apparatus for manufacturing petroleum soap stock, which consists of a
tank provided with an agitator and adapted for the reception of the ingredients,
a closed vessel, a pipe connection between said tank and vessel, and means for
successively heating and cooling said vessel, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
8. An apparatus for impregnating or infusing soap or soap stock with petroleum
or its derivatives, comprising a closed vessel adapted to permit of the escape of
air and to retain the lighter volatile products of the petroleum, and means for
heating and cooling said vessel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 9th day of December 1892.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.