Improvements in Looms for Weaving Chenille Carpets.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 3rd June, 1891-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Chenille Carpets.
I LEON LETALLE of Beauvais, in the Department of the Oise and Republic of
France, Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This invention relates to a loom automatically placing the chenille in the
manufacture of long pile carpets.
In the manufacture of the long pile carpet, the chenille is woven beforehand; this
chenille which constitutes the surface or velvet of the carpet is composed of three
threads of flax or of cotton serving as ligature to each of the woollen threads or
points the colour of which is determined by that of the pattern to be executed.
The weaving of the chenille, whether by hand or mechanically is moreover a
well known operation.
The object of this invention is a loom intended to place or lay this chenille in the
actual weaving of the carpet.
This chenille being composed of as many points of different colours as the pattern
requires, it is by the arrangement side by side and in parallel rows of a suite of
chenille wefts that the pattern is executed, it is therefore necessary in laying these
rows of chenille to proceed with the greatest regularity.
The mechanical working of my loom in substitution of handwork proceeds with.
perfect regularity and much quicker.
This result is obtained by the aid of a circular shuttle upon which rows of chenille
are wound in the order in which they are to be laid, and to which connecting rods
or slide bars give a to and fro movement which permits it to unwind its chenille
between the warp threads.
The drawing represents a loom in which the transmission or driving gear such as
cams, fly-wheels etcetera is not shown.
Figure 1 is a section in the direction of the length of the loom.
Figure 2 is a front view of the left part of the loom, the other part being
identical.
The other figures are views of details the nature of which is hereinafter
described.
When the four shoots which form the wrong side or back of the carpet are
woven between the warp thread H I proceed to lay a row of chenille in the
following manner.
One of the side bars or rods E Figure 6 set in motion by a lever of the loom
pushes the circular shuttle B between the warp threads H it is then seized at a
meeting point by the other slide bar E' which causes it to complete its journey and
carries it into one of the shuttle boxes F Figure 2 arranged on each side of the
loom.
The operation of passing from one bar to the other is executed in the following
manner.
The small bolts or catches M M', Figures 3 and 6, set on springs, are actuated
by the angle pieces o, o' and the rods n, n¹ themselves set in motion by a cam
or striker mounted on the loom; a groove or bolt hole N N¹ arranged right and
left of the shuttle B receives the end of the bolts M or M¹.
When the shuttle is to be seized by the bar E after that E¹ has pushed it to
a fixed point of its journey-the half-the horizontal rod is actuated in the
direction of the arrow, the angle piece o pivots and the bolt M¹ opens coming
out of the hole N', the shuttle is therefore free and the bar E' retires alone.
The bar E which arrives at this moment enters the end of the shuttle in

page_text: compelling the bolt or catch M to open and to close again by the action of its
spring.
The shuttle then finds itself, seized by the bar which causes it to complete its
journey across the fabric; during which journey the shuttle B unwinds its chenille
by the aid of a small guide c Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6, which places itself on the side
upon which the unwinding takes place.
Between each passage of the shuttle right and left the warp threads H cross each
other as in ordinary weaving looms, and the reed A' set on the batten A Figure 1
approaches or tightens the one against the other each of the rows of chenille
thus placed.
To each row of chenille X which is placed a cylindrical brush L Figures 1, 2, 7, 8, 9,
which first receives a shifting movement and then a rotary movement, raises the
chenille, the combs R placed right and left of the brush whip the warp threads H
Figure 9 and thus compels them to enter into the chenille by this vibratory move-
ment which combined with the action of the brush raising the filaments of the
chenille, causes the complete disappearance of the warp threads which are sunk
within them.
The general movement of the loom therefore takes place as follows:
After each passage of the circular shuttle B successively seized and abandoned
by the rods or slide bars E E' which carry this shuttle into the boxes F, Figure 2,
placed the one on the right the other on the left of the loom, the reed or comb A¹
executes its oscillating movement the object of which is to tighten up the row of
cheniile which has just been laid against the preceding one.
This movement is executed by the action of the jointed rods B¹ B".
The rod B which pivots on the shaft C receives an alternating movement of the
rod D set in motion by the crank shaft H'.
By means of the slot E the batten A receives a stoppage (the shaft H' con-
tinuing to work) and it is during this stoppage that takes place the passage of the
circular shuttle which coming from right or left settles itself in the box away from
the action of the batten A.
This latter may then pass, the journey of the slot E being finished the batten is
pushed by the connecting rod and tightens up the rows of chenille.
It is also during this time of stoppage of the batten that the passage of the
cylindrical brush I and the combs R takes place.
Dated this Twentieth day of January 1891.
For the Applicant,
W. E. GEDGE,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Chenille Carpets.
I, LEON LETALLE, of Beauvais, in the Department of the Oise and Republic of
France, Carpet Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a loom automatically placing the chenille in the manu-
facture of long pile carpets.
In the manufacture of the long pile carpet the chenille is woven beforehand;
this chenille which constitutes the velvety surface of the carpet is composed of three
threads of flax or of cotton serving as ligature to the short lengths or filaments of
wool folded over into small tufts like the bristles of a brush.
Each of these little tufts may be of a different colour; it is by the arrangement
side by side and in parallel rows of a series of wefts of chenille that the pattern is
produced.
It is therefore necessary in placing these rows to proceed with the greates

page_text: that the velvety pile may not be flattened they must therefore penetrate into the
chenille so as to tighen only the tying warp, the parts which serve to obtain this
result are hereinafter described :-
The circular shuttle B, Figure 3, comprises a disc or bobbin upon which the
chenille is wound, also a free guide c in form of an olive stud sliding in the groove
of the plate b and going to the right or to the left according to the direction of
the unwinding of the chenille. The slight friction experienced by the chenille
in passing in the guide keeps the pile upward, further the guide c in passing slightly
raises the warp threads h, which in falling after the passage of the guide c press
upon the chenille and hold it.
The to and fro motion of the shuttle through the warp threads is effected by
means of the two slide bars E, E¹ Figures 3 and 6.
One of the slide bars E set in motion by the arm X, Figures 14 and 16, pushes
the shuttle to the half of its journey it is then seized by the other slide bar E
which causes it to complete its journey, it sets at the side of the loom Figure 2
in order to permit the passage of the batten.
The operation of passing from one rod to the other is effected as follows :-
The small bolts or catches M, M', Figures 3 and 6, are actuated by the angle
picces o, o and the rods n, n¹ moved as hereinafter described by reference to
Figure 16 execute a movement in the direction of the arrow (Figure 6) and rocks
these bolts.
A bolt hole N N₁ arranged right and left of the shuttle B each receives the
bolts M or M¹.
When the shuttle should be seized by the rod E¹ (for example; position shown
Figure 6), after the rod E has pushed it to its furthest point, the rod n meets the
striker or finger 26, which pulling on this rod causes the angle piece o to pivot,
the bolt M then opens and leaves the bolt hole N.
Before the rod E has retired, the rod E' has seized the shuttle by compelling
the bolt M¹ to open and close actuated by a spring which pushes it back.
Working of the arm X Figure 16.
Right and left of the loom are placed two arms X pivoting at the point 14.
Upon the pivot at the right are keyed two square arms 15 and 16.
The arm 1 is joined to a rod 17 in connection with a cam set on the main shaft
of the loom and which gives it a come and go motion, under this movement the
square pivots carrying with it the right arm X and the rod 18, which connected
with the left arm X causes it to pivot at the point 14.
The effect of these two combined movements is that the two rods X near each
other or retire from each other at the same time.
Each of the arms X carries a lever 19 which actuates the slide rods or
bars E¹ E.
Movement of the bolts :-
When the two rods E¹, E, moving towards each other have met, the one pushing
the shuttle, the other preparing to carry it, the bolt of that which is to release it
(that on the right for example) opens in the following manner.
The arm X has a lever 20 which causes the 4 toothed ratchet 21 to turn and
actuate the rectangular tumbler 22, and this according to the front which it
presents to the pivoting lever 23 causes the rise or fall of each of the rods 24
which keep the inclined planes 25 raised or lowered.
The striker or finger 26 of the square 27 in rising on the inclined plane which
is raised causes it to pivot, and the rod n¹ or a being thereby pulled opens the
corresponding bolt and keeps it open so long as the finger 26 is on the inclined
plane 25.
The left side, that which is to seize the shuttle, works differently, the finger 26
meets the inclined plane 25 lowered and consequently incapable of actuating the
bolt on that side, which only opens upon the stroke of the shuttle and immediately
closes to carry it away.
The tumbler 22 makes a quarter turn and presents another front which modifies

page_text: the position of the lever 23 and produces the reverse action upon the rods 24, 24
and the inclined planes 25, 25.
The shuttle being now seized by the slide bar E¹ and abandoned by that E,
the slide bar E¹ thus makes it complete its journey.
Between each passage of the shuttle the warp threads h cross each other as in
ordinary looms after the batten has tightened up the row which has just
been laid.
In my loom the batten beats up twice before completely tightening up the row
of chenille laid.
The first beat regulates the row laid, leaving it at about one centimeter from
the preceding; this is in order to permit the warp threads to enter well into
the wool without pressing down the filaments and also to permit a brush to raise
those which may have been seized and that before the chenille is entirely close
woven and before the warp has lowered.
The second stroke of the batten finally tightens the row up against the
preceding rows.
Figures 10, 11, 12 and 13 show the position of the batten during this time.
The tufts 1, 2, 3, 4 are the rows of chenille laid, that 5 is the row being laid.
The first nearing movement of the batten takes place under the action of the
eccentric Figures 1 and 10, which uplifts the connecting rod V and the rod U
which by the aid of the arm T causes the shaft C and the connecting rods B¹ B"
to pivot, these latter carrying with them the batten which takes the position
Figure 11.
During the working of the eccentric the crank shaft H₁ which has been
disconnected is stationary, the rod B' plays freely sliding in the groove E".
The batten afterwards retires drawn by the spring Z and takes the position
Figure 12.
During this time there takes place the passage of a brush which raises and
regulates the warp threads.
Then the last beat is made which finally tightens up the row 5, this beating up
which must be complete is produced by the crank shaft H¹ which is in gear, it is
the rod D which pushes the rod B₁ and sets the batten at work. Figure 13 shows
this action.
The weaving of new shoots of canvas begins again tightened up by the action
of the crank shaft H' then there is disconnection for the laying of a new row of
chenille, and so on.
The brush L Figures 7, 8 and 9 has a double motion it moves from left to right
and vice versa and at the same time rotates on itself.
The shifting or displacement takes place by means of a cord with funicular
action Q Figure 14. The wheel S receives an intermittent rotary movement from
the racks and the toothed wheels g, q', the rack s is itself actuated by an eccentric
of the loom.
The rotation is effected by the cord V¹ Figures 2, 7 and 14 which is fastened
at the two ends of the loom passing successively over the grooved pulleys 6,
9, 8, 10, 7.
The friction arising from the transverse displacement causes the pulleys 9 and 10
to rotate. Only, as the brush must always turn in the same direction each of
these pulleys possess a click or ratchet gear which permits it to turn loosely when
the direction of the displacement modifies that of the rotation:
In Figure 7 the brush is drawn in the direction of the arrow the pulley 9 is in
gear, the pulley 10 is loose, in the return movement it is on the contrary the
pulley 9 which is loose and the pulley 10 which is in gear.
Outside of the movement of the brush, combs R arranged right and left of it
come and strike against the warp threads h, the result being a vibrating movement
which causes these threads to enter into the chenille.
By the simultaneous action of the brush which raises the filaments of the

page_text: chenille and that of the combs R which bear upon the warp threads these latter
are completely sunk into the chenille.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a loom for weaving chenille carpets, a circular shuttle with free guide
and alternate movement for laying and unwinding the chenille substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
2. In a loom for weaving chenille carpets, independance of the parts weaving
the chenille and those weaving the canvas of the batten, the circular shuttle being
always at the same distance from the fabric, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawing.
3. In a loom for weaving chenille carpets, mechanism actuating the batten to
cause it to execute the necessary beatings up or close weaving, mechanism composed
of the connecting rods D with slot or slide E, connecting rods B1, B3" and crank
shaft H for full beat. Lever V shaft U arm T shaft C and eccentric. for
nearing beats. Connecting rod D crank shaft H¹ and slot or slide E" for the
final beat and the weaving of the canvas.
4. In a loom for weaving chenille carpets, brushes and combs with click or pawl
and ratchet gear to permit the double come and go motion at the same time that
takes place the rotation of the brush which serves to raise the woollen filaments
and compel the laying warp threads to sink into the chenille.
Dated the Third do
مصيدا
1801
Noted thie Third
Luna 1901
For the Applicant,
W. E. GEDGE,
Agent.