Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 22nd July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 23rd Aug., 1887.
I, FREDERICK SIEMENS of No. 12 Queen Anne's Gate Westminster in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to a construction of gas lamp or lantern with a gas burner
and ducts for air and for products of combustion so arranged that heat is imparted to
the air and gas supplied, thereby causing great brilliancy of flame.
By a horizontal reflecting partition I divide the lamp or lantern into two compart
ments, the lower enclosed by a glass basin or glass sides, and the upper having
shielded inlets for air. Through a central hole in the partition projects a little
downwards the trumpet mouth of a chimney which extends up through the upper
compartment to outlets, shielded if necessary. On the upper side of the partition is
fixed a metal ring of such diameter as to leave between it and the chimney an annular
space in which are circularly arranged a number of small gas tubes that descend from
an annular gas duct formed in the upper part of a metal cylinder that is attached to
the chimney and projects down nearly to the partition outside the ring above mentioned.
Gas supplied to the duct descends the small tubes and issues from them in jets just
above the level of the partition, while air entering the upper compartment passes
under the lower lip of the cylinder, up the annular space between it and the ring and
then down the annular space in which the gas tubes are arranged, and the gas and air
form a bulbous flame descending through the hole in the partition, and curving inwards
and upwards at the mouth of the chimney. The products of combustion ascend the
chimney heating it and the cylinder attached to it. The ring also being heated by
radiation, the gas and air by contact with the heated surfaces become heated on their
way, thus causing a flame of great brilliancy.
Dail
1800

page_text: I, FREDERICK SIEMENS of No. 12 Queen Annes Gate, Westminster in the County
of Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a construction of gas lamp or lantern with a gas burner
and ducts for air and for products of combustion so arranged that heat is imparted
to the air and gas supplied, thereby causing great brilliancy of flame.
By a horizontal reflecting partition I divide the lamp or lantern into two compart
ments, the lower enclosed by a glass basin or glass sides, and the upper having
shielded inlets for air. Through a central hole in the partition projects a little
downwards the trumpet mouth of a chimney which extends up through the upper
compartment to outlets shielded if necessary. On the upper side of the partition is
fixed a metal ring of such diameter as, to leave between it and the chimney an annular
space in which are circularly arranged a number of small gas tubes that descend from
an annular gas duct formed in the upper part of a metal cylinder, that is attached to
the chimney and projects down nearly to the partition outside the ring above
mentioned. Gas supplied to the duct descends the small tubes and issues from them
in jets just above the level of the partition, while air entering the upper compartment
passes under the lower lip of the cylinder, up the annular space between it and the
ring and then down the annular space in which the gas tubes are arranged, and the
gas and air form a bulbous flame descending through the hole in the partition and
curving inwards and upwards at the mouth of the chimney. The products of com-
bustion ascend the chimney heating it and the cylinder attached to it. The ring also
being heated by radiation, the gas and air by contact with the heated surfaces become
heated on their way thus causing a flame of great brilliancy.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section and Fig. 2 is a sectional plan, on X X of Fig. 1, of a
lantern according to my invention.
The body of the lantern is divided into an upper compartment U and a lower com-
partment L by a horizontal partition P, which should be of ceramic material or
enamelled metal so as to act as a reflector. The lower compartment L is closed in on
all sides by glass.
In the upper compartment U, to which air is admitted through shielded perforations A,
there is fixed a metal cylinder M, open at the bottom and having formed in its
upper part an annular chamber G to which gas is admitted by the service pipe S.
From this chamber a number of small tubes r, arranged in a circle project downwards
between a metal ring m and a central trumpet mouthed chimney c made of refractory
material such as porcelain. This chimney communicates with a metal chimney C
above, from which the products of combustion escape through shielded perforations at
the top of the lantern. The gas, itself warmed, issuing in numerous jets from the

page_text: tubes and supplied with air heated by its passage along the heated surfaces of M
and m forms a bulbous flame indicated in outline by the dotted arrows f-first
descending outside the trumpet mouth of the chimney c and then ascending within it.
The hot products of combustion, ascending the chimney c C, heat the metal of M,
and the radiation of the flame heats m, and thus the gas, in passing through G and
the tubes r, and the air, in passing along the heated surfaces of M and m, become
heated, so that very perfect combustion is effected and great brilliancy of light is
produced.
As the flame depends for its form on the direction in which the air and products of
combustion move as indicated by the arrows, the opening of the lower compartment L
by the breaking of its glass or otherwise, whilst it will not necessarily cause extinction
of the flame, will entirely alter its character, rendering it comparatively useless for
illumination.
Although I have shewn my invention as applied to a lantern having its lower
compartment enclosed by flat sides glazed, obviously the same arrangement of burner
and air and gas ducts may be used in a lamp having its lower compartment enclosed
by a basin glass as indicated by the dotted line B. Such a lamp may be fixed in the
ceiling of a carriage, or may be suspended from the ceiling of an apartment, in which
latter case the upper part of the lamp need not be provided with arrangements such
as are shewn for shielding the outlets against the effects of external currents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A gas lamp or lantern divided into two compartments by a reflecting partition
through a central hole of which projects a trumpet mouthed chimney surrounded by
a number of jet tubes which descend from a gas duct and are circularly arranged in
an annular air passage between heated metal surfaces so that a central bulbous flame
proceeds from the jets downwards then inwards and upwards, the products of
combustion ascending the chimney and heating the gas and air passages, substantially
as herein described.
2. In a gas lamp or lantern, in combination with a reflecting partition P dividing
the interior into a lower glazed compartment L and an upper compartment U having
shielded air inlets A, the ring m the cylinder M containing gas duct G, the circularly
arranged gas tubes and the central trumpet mouthed chimney c, substantially as
herein described.