Improvements in Turning Lathes and Chucks therfor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1891-Accepted, 4th July, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Turning Lathes and Chucks therfor.
I, ERNST LINDNER, residing at 68 West 95th Street, New York, County and
State of New York, United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN TURNING LATHES AND CHUCKS
THEREFOR, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to turning lathes of that class known as hollow live-spindle
lathes, or screw machines, and to chucks employed in connection therewith. The
lathe invented by me is capable of performing a variety of work in a rapid manner
and of simultaneously making articles of dissimilar constructions, or more than one
article of the same construction.
I make use of but a single lathe bed, a single live head-stock and a single sliding
tail-stock. The head stock is equipped with two live spindles, and the sliding tail-
stock is provided with an upright flange equipped with means for supporting two
rods or bars carried by the live-spindles, and also with a peculiarly organized
system of levers for carrying a series of tools for operating upon the surfaces of
the several articles, and severing the same, when completed, from the bars or rods
held by the spindles of the head-stock. The dead spindle of the tail-stock is
provided with a duplex chuck so constructed as to carry tools necessary for
machining two rods or bars of material simultaneously and for maintaining said
tools in the required positions for acting on the metal rods or bars from which the
articles are being made.
In the accompanying drawings which form part of this Specification, and in
which like parts are indicated by like letters and figures of reference in the several
views-
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a turning lathe embodying certain
features of my invention.
Figure 2 is a top plan view of Figure 1 with certain parts in section, and
embodying certain details not seen in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a cross-section on the line X X of Figure 2, showing a face view of
the upright flange of the sliding tail-stock upon which the system of levers
hereinafter described is mounted.
Figure 4 is a cross-section on the line YY of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a section through the chuck on the line Z Z of Figure 2, the tools
being removed from the chuck.
Figure 6 is a section through the chuck on the line W W, and
Figure 7 a section on the line VV of Figure 2, and
Figure 8 a ground plan of the chuck.
The sectional views, Figures 3 to 8 are made on an enlarged scale.
In the drawings, A indicates the lathe-bed of the usual construction. It is
provided, however, centrally on its upper surface with a cog-rack 8 of the
required length which co-operates with pinion 9 mounted on a shaft 10 supported
in bearing 11 fixed to or formed with the upright flange C rising from the rear
end of the sliding tail-stock B. A band-wheel D (omitted from Figure 1)
attached to one end of shaft 10 is employed to give motion to said shaft to move
the tail-stock B forward and backward on the lathe-bed. Fixed to the opposite
end of shaft 10 is an indexing and gaging wheel or disk 12 (which is inter-
changeable with like disks having teeth of varying distances apart to provide
feeds of different lengths,) provided on its periphery with ratchet teeth a at equal
or varying distances apart, according to the work to be performed, into which
teeth the beveled lower end of the spring-actuated bolt 13 is adapted to catch.
07

page_text: The bolt 13 slides vertically in a bearing-box 14 fixed to the upright flange Cof
the sliding tail-stock B, as seen in Figure 4. By this arrangement a progressive
feeding, gaging, and locking mechanism is provided. The wheel or disk 12 with
its ratchet teeth, and the co-operating beveled bolt, provide an effective locking
means. It will be observed that the spring-actuated bolt 13 is so mounted that it
is immediately to the right of the axis of the shaft 10, and the teeth a are
preferably so cut in the disk or wheel 12 that the surface of the tooth on which the
bolt 13 slides, when the disk is turned to feed the tail-stock forward, is at an
acute angle to the opposite surface this facilitates the disengagement of the bolt
from the tooth. When the bolt is in the tooth the disk 12 is securely locked
against movement, as indicated in Figure 1. It will be understood of course that
as the shaft 10 is revolved the pinion 9 engaging with the cog-rack 8 will cause the
tail-stock B to advance, and simultaneously therewith the index disk 12, fixed to
the same shaft as pinion 9, will revolve and elevate the bolt 13 and transfer it to
the next succeeding tooth of the disk 12, thus gaging the advance of the sliding
tail-stock and locking it in its advanced position. When the tail-stock is required
to be moved backward, the locking bolt 13 is held up by any suitable mechanism,
or by hand, to avoid the teeth of disk 12, while the hand-wheel D is revolved in
the proper direction.
The base of the sliding tail-stock B is provided on its under side with guiding
grooves or flanges, as shown, to keep it in position on the bed A. The rear end of
the tail-stock B is provided with the upright flange C, already mentioned, while a
vertical flange E with a horizontal base E is provided near the front end of said
tail-stock. Said horizontal base is dove-tailed into guiding grooves within the
tail-stock. E2 are screw-bolts passing through the outer bars of the tail-stock,
which bars serve as guides for base E'. After the distance between flanges E
and C has been properly adjusted according to the length of the pieces which are
to be shaped, said bolts EE are used as set screws for confining base E' and with
it flange E in proper position. As the problem involved in adjusting a movable
flange E with its base E' on the tail-stock B refers to well known mechanical
appliances no special auxiliary mechanism is shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 for
varying the distance between flanges C and E.
Flanges C and E rise to suitable heights, and flange C is provided at its top
with a hub or bearing 15 in which the tool-stock or dead-spindle 16 is adapted to
slide. To the dead spindle 16 is fixed a collar 17 having passed therethrough an
adjustable screw 18 which is adapted to come in contact with a second collar 19
fixed to the hub or bearing 15 and thus limit the movement of the dead spindle.
The dead spindle 16 is operated by the hand lever 20 which is pivoted to the
rear end of said spindle and connected by a link 21 to the projection 22 of the
upright flange C, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, (the lever being omitted from
Figure 1).
The front end of the tool-stock or dead spindle 16 is screw-threaded or other-
wise constructed to receive a chuck, F. The chuck shown in the drawings is
particularly adapted for employment when the machine is to be used for making
simultaneously two dissimilar articles. When the articles to be made are all of
the same nature, a duplex chuck not capable of being revolved may be substituted
for the chuck herein shown; or in lieu of either of the chucks mentioned any
suitable construction of chuck that may be revolved by hand or otherwise, to bring
the desired tools successively into operation, may be made use of.
The upright flange E at the front end of the sliding tail-stock is provided with
two circular socket holes to receive and hold in position in line with the axes of
the lathe spindles of the live head-stock, the interchangeable bushings 23, 23 which
receive and support the rods or bars of material to be operated upon. These
bushings 23, 23 perform the functions of journal-boxes or bearings for said rods or
bars as the latter revolve when being acted upon by the tools carried by, the dead-
spindle 16. The bushings 23, 23" are held in place by means of screws and jam
nuts 23b, seen in Figure 3. To upright flange is pivoted a series of tool-carrying

page_text: devices consisting of levers 24, 24ª, 24, 24, 24ª, the short arms or inner ends of
which are so constructed as to receive and hold the various forming and severing
tools employed in the operations of the lathe. The lever 24 is pivoted by its short
arm at e to the face of flange E, its long arm, being bent to extend along the back
of said flange E, is provided near its outer end with a pin operating in a slot g made
in a curved plate G fixed to the front edge of upright flange E, said slot being
concentric with pivote of the lever. The long arm of lever 24 is also provided
with lateral extensions havings lugs h has shown. Through one of these lugs h
passes screw-bolt i, provided with a jam-nut, the function of which screw bolt is to
adjust the lever 24", the said lever being pivoted to the face of flange E at K. The
outer end of the long arm of this lever 24 is depressed in the operation of lever 24
by the screw-bolt pressing against it, as will be understood from Figure 3, and
it is lifted by coming in contact with lug h' on extension of lever 24. By this
arrangement the levers 24, 24" are adapted to move in unison, thereby simul-
taneously carrying the tools fixed in their short arms toward or away from the
axes of the bearings 23, 23ª. The lever 24 is pivoted to the back of flange E at m,
and on the face of said flange E there is fixed to the same pivot m the straight
piece n. This piece is also a tool-carrying device and is so fixed to the
pivot m, as to bring its respective ends in such relation to the bearings 23, 23ª
as that, when the lever 24 is depressed the tools carried by said piece n will
Le simultaneously advanced to the same extent toward the axes of bushings or
bearings 23, 23. The lever 24 is pivoted at o to the face of the flange E. Its outer
end is provided with a pin and with lateral extensions provided with lugs 23,
said pin operating in a slot made in the lower part of plate G and being concentric
with the pivot o, and the lug h² receiving a screw for adjusting the lever 24",
lug serving to lift the outer end of the last mentioned lever when the lever 24
is raised from its depressed position. The lever 24 is pivoted at to the face of
flange E. The inner ends of levers 24, 24, are provided with tools as shown, and
when the outer end of the former lever is depressed the inner ends of both
levers 24 24 are advanced simultaneously and uniformly toward the axes of the
bushings 23, 23 precisely in the manner explained when describing the operation
of levers 24, 24". From the above description it will be seen that there are five
levers, operated by means of three handles, and six operating tools acting in pairs.
The movements of the tools toward the axes of the bushings are arrested by the
adjustable stop-screws 25 secured to upright flange E by lugs 26, as seen in
Figure 3-such movements taking place when the hand ends of the respective
levers are pressed downward. Any means may be made use of for clamping or
fixing in place on the short arms or inner ends of the levers the operating tools,
provided such means admit of the adjustment of the tools toward or from the axes
of the bushings 23, 23ª so that the tools may be set to cut the articles, being made,
the desired depth. Any one set of these tools may be set to simply skim the surface
of the material being fashioned; another set to groove, bead or otherwise finish the
surface of the articles, and the third set to sever the completed articles from
the rods or bars. The several levers are so bent as to bring their outer ends to the
front of the sliding tail-stock B in a position convenient for operating, and so as
not to interfere with each other.
At
The live-head stock H is fitted with two spindles 27, and steps 28, made hollow
to permit the rods or bars of material to be worked to be passed through the same,
and are provided with pulleys 29 as shown to receive the driving belts.
their front ends the spindles 27 are fitted with adjustable chucks or couplings 30
for clamping the material to be worked so that it will revolve with the spindles.
The chuck F, shown by enlarged details in Figures 5 to 8, comprises a ring s
having an internal screw-thread projection --by means of which the chuck is
secured to the dead spindle 16 as shown in Figure 7-an interior hub u provided
with a series of holes in its periphery into which the spring-actuated bolt a¹ is
adapted to scat to lock the hub stationary within ring s, and tool-sockets formed
integral with hub, or separately and fixed thereto, so as to revolve with said hub,

page_text: The tool-sockets are provided with holes in their peripheries to receive the tools
which are held against displacement by means of screws e as indicated in Figure 8.
On top of rings there is secured the cap which encloses the spring encircling
the bolt a'. To the outer end of bolt there is pivotally connected one end of
the bent lever f¹ fulcrumed on screw g¹ which is fixed in the top of rings, the
opposite or free end of said lever f being beveled and adapted to slide beneath
roller in supports 2 on top of upright flange C (see Figures 1, 2 and 4). It will
be understood that as the dead-spindle 16 is drawn back by means of lever 20, for
the purpose of readjusting the tool-sockets of the chuck to bring into operative
positions different tools, the beveled free end of lever will slide beneath roller ³
with the effect of lifting bolt a¹ out of the hole of hub w, thus permitting the
tool-sockets to be turned by hand. When the desired tools have been brought to
the front, the reverse movement of lever 20 will carry the dead spindle 16 and the
attached chuck outward until the movement is checked by screw 18 coming in
contact with the collar 19, on the hub 15 as before explained.
1
The chuck F will preferably be used when articles are being made which require
more than one operation of tools supported in the chuck to complete them, since
such construction of a chuck admits of the rapid and easy adjustment of several
different characters of tools to the work in hand without the removal of the chuck
from the dead-spindle. It is obvious that by the employment of my duplex
chuck in a machine of the construction herein shown, and fitting it with the
required tools appropriately disposed in its tool-sockets, two dissimilar articles
may be made simultaneously; and two similar articles may also be made simul-
taneously. A stationary duplex chuck may be used when the machine is making
articles of one description, and with such a chuck two articles may be produced
simultaneously with precisely the same movements of the parts as have been
heretofore required to produce a single article. If but one article is desired to be
made at one operation, that may be accomplished with the same ease as when
employing the old type of machine by omitting from one live spindle the bar or
rod to be worked, or removing the tools from one of the tool-sockets and from
certain of the levers of flange E.
In the operation of the lathe, the spindles 27 are fitted with rods or bars of the
metal from which the articles desired are to be made, the said rods or bars passing
through the spindles and into the bushings 23, 23" fixed in the upright flange E of
the sliding tail-stock B as explained. The bushings 23, 23" are of proper size
adapting them to perform the functions of journal-boxes or bearings for the rods or
bars of metal, the rods or bars being clamped to the spindles 27 so as to revolve
with said spindles. When the spindles 27 are revolved the tools (such as drills,
taps etc.) carried by the chuck fixed to the front end of the dead-spindle 16 carried
by the sliding tail-stock B, are advanced against the butt-ends of the rods or bars
of metal by pulling the hand lever 20 until motion is arrested by the screw 18
coming in contact with the collar 19 fixed to the hub 15, through which the dead-
spindle slides.
When the desired operation has been performed by the tools of the
chuck, the tools held by the levers 24, 24, 24, 24, 24", supported on upright
flange E, are advanced to do their work in the manner hereinbefore explained, the
last set of tools operated acting to sever the finished articles from the rods or bars.
The sliding tail-stock B is then advanced toward the spindles 27 by means of the
described feeding and gaging mechanism, thus advancing the required lengths
of the bars or rods through the bushings 23, 23" to make another complete
article this operation being repeated until the sliding tail-stock B has progressed
to the spindles 27 when the rods or bars are unclamped, the sliding tail-stock moved
back to the end of the lathe bed, and the rods or bars again adjusted and clamped
for another series of operations.
This machine may also be employed for giving ornamental conformation to the
surfaces of rods or bars of considerable length. When used for such purpose the
dead-spindle and its chuck are not employed. The rods or bars are clamped in
the live-spindles with their front ends supported in the bushings 23, 23ª of upright

page_text: mange 12, and as the five-spindles are revolved the tools which are carried by the
short arms of the levers supported on said flange E are, by means of the levers
which carry them, advanced toward the axes of the bushings 23, 23 to operate on
the bars or rods. After one pair of tools has performed its work the other pairs
are advanced successively, in proper order, to do their work, and when the sections
of bars or rods operated on have been finished, the sliding tail-stock is advanced
toward the spindles 27, in the manner herein stated, to present other sections of the
rods or bars to be finished. In this manner the entire surfaces of both rods or
bars are finished, it being necessary of course to unclamp the rods or bars to
advance them through the spindles 27, when the sliding tail-stock has been
advanced as far as it is adapted to go toward the fixed head-stock H. There will
be suitable supports for the long rods or bars at both ends of the same during the
operation of machining them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a turning lathe, the combination with a lathe bed, a head-stock supporting
two live spindles, and an upright flange E provided with two bushings, as 23, 23",
of a tool-carrying device supported on said flange and provided with an arm
carrying a fixed machining tool for operating on a bar or rod to be supported in
one of said bushings, and a second arm adjustably connected with said tool-carrying
device and carrying a fixed machining tool for operating on a bar or rod to be
supported in the other of said bushings, substantially as set forth.
2. In a turning-lathe the combination with a lathe bed, a head-stock supporting
two live spindles, and an upright flange E provided with two bushings, as 23, 23,
of a lever carrying a fixed machining tool for operating on a bar or rod to be
supported in one of said bushings and provided with an arm adjustably connected
therewith and carrying a fixed machining tool for operating on a bar or rod to be
supported in the other of said bushings, substantially as set forth.
3. In a turning-lathe the combination with the head-stock which carries the live-
spindles, and a tail-stock adjustably supported on the lathe-bed, of an upright
flange, as E, mounted on the tail-stock and provided with a pair of rod or bar
supporting bushings, a lever, as 24, pivoted to flange E, said pivot being equal
distances from the axes of said bushings, and a tool-carrying device connected to
the pivot of said lever, to move with the lever, and provided in its ends with
machining tools which are simultaneously advanced toward the axes of the bushings
when the handle of the lever is operated, substantially as set forth.
4. In a turning-lathe, a lathe-bed, a sliding tail-stock and mechanism for
progressively moving said tail-stock on the lathe-bed, a dead-spindle equipped with
a suitable tool-chuck and mounted on the sliding tail-stock and a tool-carrying
device mounted on an upright flange supported by said lathe-bed and made separate
from the tail-stock so as to be adjustable in its position with reference to said tool
chuck, all combined with a head-stock containing a live-spindle, substantially as
set forth.
5. The combination with the lathe-bed, the head-stock supporting the live-
spindles and the sliding tail-stock carrying the upright flange E which is provided
with bushings, as 23, 234, and with plate C, of a lever, as 24, carrying a fixed
machining tool operating on a bar or rod supported in one of said bushings and a
second lever, as 24" adjustably connected with the first-named lever and carrying a
second fixed machining tool for simultaneously operating on another bar or rod
supported in the other of said bushings, substantially as set forth.
6. The combination with the lathe-bed, a head stock provided with live-spindles,
as 27, and a sliding tail-stock provided with an upright flange supporting the dead-
spindle and the tool chuck, and also provided with a second upright flange, as E,
carrying plate G and bushings, as 23, 23", of a series of levers 24, 24, 24, 24, 24ª
pivoted to said flange E so as to present their inner ends, which carry machining

page_text: tools, in operative relation to the axes of the bushings 23, 23", the handle-end of
lever 24 provided with a pin operating in a slot of plate G concentric with the
pivot of said lever and also with lugs, as I h¹, to secure an adjusting screw, as i,
and to lift the handle-end of lever 24, whereby said levers 24, 24", operate in
unison, and the handle-ends of levers 24 and 24" similarly supported on plate G
in order that said levers may likewise act in unison, their inner ends, as well as the
inner end of lever 24, also fitted with machining tools which are adapted to be
advanced toward the axes of the bushings 23, 23" when the, handle-ends of said
levers are depressed, substantially as set forth.
7. The operating levers fitted with machining tools as explained and mounted on
the upright flange E of the tail-stock B, four of said levers, 24, 24", and 24°, 24%,
so supported as to operate in pairs to simultaneously advance their fixed machining
tools in pairs toward the axes of the bushings which support the rods or bars to
be operated upon, and the remaining lever, 24, carrying at its inner end on its
supporting pivot the piece o in the ends of which are fixed machining tools which
are adapted when the handle-end of said lever is depressed to be advanced
simultaneously toward the axes of the aforesaid bushings, substantially as set
forth.
8. In a chuck for turning lathes, the combination with a ring adapted to be
attached to the dead-spindle of the lathe, of a hub arranged within said ring and
a pair of tool-sockets formed integral with or secured to the hub to revolve with it,
substantially as set forth.
9. In a chuck for turning lathes, the combination with a ring adapted to be
attached to the dead-spindle of the lathe, and a hub located within said ring and
provided on its periphery with a series of holes, of a pair of tool-sockets secured
to the hub to revolve with it, and a spring-actuated bolt seated on top of the
aforesaid ring and projecting through it to co-operate with the holes in the periphery
of the hub, to lock the hub and attached tool-sockets in the positions to which they
may be adjusted, substantially as set forth.
10. The combination with rings provided with cap d' and spring-actuated bolt a',
of interior hub provided with holes in its periphery, and a pair of tool-sockets b¹
secured to hub u and means for locking said tool-sockets in position, substantially
as set forth.
11. The combination with upright flange C of the tail-stock of the lathe
provided at its top with a roller, as 7, and the duplex chuck F consisting of ring s,
hub u and tool-sockets 1, of spring-actuated bolt a¹ and lever 1, the outer or free
end of said lever co-operating with the roller supported by the upright flange C,
substantially as set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1891
ERNST
LINDNER.
Abel & Imray,
Agents for the Applicant.