A Loom TO WORK BY THE POWER FROM A STEAM ENGINE, WHICH WILL WEAVE FIGURES OR FLOWERS UPON EITHER TWILLED OR PLAIN CLOTH, IN EITHER SILK, COTTON, LINEN, OR WORSTED, OR ANY OF THEM INTERMIXED
Year: 1818

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
TAYLOR, of Mile End, near Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, do send
grecting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Thirty-first day of January, in
the fifty-eighth year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said
Benjamin Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His special
licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said Benjamin
Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "A Loom TO WORK BY THE POWER FROM A STEAM ENGINE, WHICH WILL
WEAVE FIGURES OR FLOWERS UPON EITHER TWILLED OR PLAIN CLOTH, IN EITHER
SILK, COTTON, LINEN, OR WORSTED, OR ANY OF THEM INTERMIXED;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said

page_text: Benjamin Taylor, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
two calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, relation being thereunto
had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Benjamin Taylor, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is described as follows (that
is to say):
The loom is worked without any drawboy, and shifts the different lashes
required for the changes without stopping, the figures in the different articles
being produced by means of barrels filled with wires arranged to the figures
or flowers, in a similar manner to that of the barrel organs producing tuncs,
and the lashes being lifted and the changes effected by means of a lever acting
from its centre on both sides of the loom. The size may be from three to eight
feet in breadth, the, length only the space occupied by its machinery. The
working parts are as follows, references to which are given in the annexed
Drawings, and the same numbers refer to the same parts in each view of the
machine. An iron shaft extends across the loom, on one end of which there
are two pullies, as represented at No. 1, the one fast the other loose. By
these the loom is driven or stopped at pleasure; on the other end of this shaft
there is a spur wheel of eighty-six teeth, No. 2, which communicates motion to
the fly or lathe No. 3, by two connecting rods No. 4, a stud being fixed in
the fast pully, and another in the spur wheel. This, by means of a belt from a
drum or pully applied to the fast pully, gives motion to the whole.
harness this loom is mounted with differs from any other, and requires to be
described with the loom. It has a double neck, and as one lash falls the other
rises, and by the falling of the one the weight assists the rising of the other.
The necks of the harness is attached to as many upright levers No. 5 as there
are divisions in the harness neck by threads No. 6; these levers are acted
upon by two cylinders No. 7, one on each side of the loom at a proper
distance above it on each cylinder. One half the pattern intended to be
worked is put on by small wires opposite each lever, and these are taken into
two fans No. 8, or large levers, which extends from the neck of the harness to
the cylinder on each side of the loom, each turning upon an iron rod within
one inch of their centres, being acted upon by two levers No. 9 above them, at
the ends of which levers, next the cylinder, they work upon two studs about
The

page_text: two and an half inches below their centres, and acts upon two inclined planes
No. 10, which is fixed upon the end of the fans next to the cylinder. This gives
the lift to the harness when standing perpendicular on the top of the inclined
plane, same time the other is inclined toward the neck of the harness, a
connection rod No. 11 being fixed to the top of each lever to keep them at
proper distances. A line is fixed at the centre of the connecting rod, and to a
segment of a pully. No. 12, one point of which is about two and an half
inches more from the centre than the other. These work on two studs, fixed
so that the top of the pullies are of equal height with the connecting rod. A
line is attached to cach of these pullies, and also to two treddles or levers, and
is put in motion by a wheel No. 18, of one hundred and twenty teeth, fixed
upon a shaft that goes across the loom, at each end of which there is a
segment of a circle No. 14, which acts upon a treddle or lever to keep it
down while the shuttle passes eight times across the web, that being one half
the revolution of the wheel. It then acts upon the other treddle or lever in the
same way, and completes the revolution of the wheel, and at the same time
completes two lashes of the flower or pattern. On this shaft, also, there is two
wypers No. 15, that acts upon two treddles or levers that is communicated by
a line to a lever No. 16 fixed upon a stud, which acts upon the cylinder rack
wheel No. 17, turning one tooth for every lash in the flower or figure, making
two changes both upon fans and cylinders alternately, and this without
stopping the loom. This wheel is drawn by one of sixty teeth, No. 18, fixed
on another shaft, on which there is eight wypers No. 19, that acts upon eight
treddles, which forms a satin twill of eight leaves across the web. This
wheel is also driven by a pinion of 15 teeth No. 20, that is fixed on the end of
another shaft, which shaft drives the shuttle. On the opposite end there is a
spur wheel No. 21, of one hundred and seventy-two teeth, working into that of
To work cross
eighty-six teeth, which gives the movement to the whole.
borders there is another cylinder applied, with the pattern wired upon it, as
before described, and only differs in the working of the levers No. 22; they
lay horizontal, and are two feet six inches long, and acts upon an iron rod
No. 28, about two inches from their centres. Their numbers are equal to the
divisions in the neck of the harness, which is fixed by a line to pullies of about
three inches diameter, and another line is fixed to a pully of about one inch
in diameter. These two pullies are fast together, and the neck is lifted by the
small one by the opposite end of the lever from the cylinder. When the
cylinder is working it catches the end of the levers required to form the

page_text: figure by pegs of wood that project from the cylinder, and keeps up the
lash while the shuttle traverses across the web, when it changes, as before
<lescribed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Taylor, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of March, in the year of our 5
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighteen.
Inrolled the Thirty-first day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
cighteen.