Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 17th Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 18th May, 1888
I, PAUL COHNREICH of Königs Chaussee 61, Weissensee near Berlin in the Kingdom
of Prussia, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention consists in improvements in the process of "oiling" or fatting wool
and in apparatus for use in such improved process.
The wool in contact with oil or fatty substance is subjected to repeated pressures in
a closed receptacle, and after such pressures to a last pressure over a perforated bottom
to remove excess of oil or fat..
The press may consist of a walled receptacle having primarily a perforated bottom
and a whole plate bottom adapted to be slid over the said perforated bottom, a piston
shaped to the receptacle is adapted to be forced or pressed therein by hand or machine
driven screw spindle, or by hydraulic or other means usually applied to presses.
Below the perforated bottom is a pan or tank to receive the excess of oil.
In using such apparatus, the piston is moved up and layers of wool sprinkled with
oil placed therein. The same are then pressed, several times, being turned about and
re-arranged between each such pressure.
When the wool is found to be sufficiently
impregnated with the oil, the perforated bottom is disclosed by withdrawal of the
plate above the same, and the wool is subjected to a final pressure, by which excess of
oil is driven out, the wool being afterwards removed from the apparatus.
To enable the apparatus to be easily filled with or emptied of wool one of the sides
or a part thereof may be formed as a door.
Dated this 2nd day of Auoust 1887
HERBERT & Co.,
67, Strand, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oiling or Fatting Wool and Apparatus therefor.
I PAUL COHNREICH of Königs Chaussee 61, Weissensee near Berlin in the
Kingdom of Prussia, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in improvements in the process of oiling or fatting wool
and in apparatus for use in such improved process.
The oiling or fatting of wool for returning to the wool the contents of fatty matter
lost in washing and scouring and thereby rendering the wool better adapted for
spinning, was heretofore effected by spreading out the wool and sprinkling it with oil
or other fatty substance. The uniform fatting of the wool being of the greatest
importance in the further treatment of the same, various fatting apparatus have been
constructed for the purpose but all these apparatus however have but incompletely
attained the required result. A uniform fatting of the wool, that is to say, in such a
manner that cach fibre of the wool shall contain its due proportion of the fat has not
hitherto been attained. I have found that the wool can be oiled or fatted uniformly
by the use of pressure in such manner that the wool mixed with oil or other fatty
substance is thoroughly compressed by a pressing plate or press, the wool being
prevented from spreading laterally so that the oil or fat under the heavy pressure used
inust saturate all fibres of the wool in a uniform manner.
In practice I perform this process by pouring oil or fat over layers of the wool in
a strong receptacle of angular or circular cross section in which it is subjected to
several pressures by means of a pressing plate. The last pressing however is effected
in a receptacle, the bottom of which is of the nature of a sieve so that the superfluous
oil or fat is squeezed out.
Referring to the accompanying drawing representing an apparatus of a quadrangular
shape suitable for the performance of this process
Fig. 1 is a vertical section.
Fig. 2 a horizontal section of the apparatus, and,
Figs. 3 and 4 detail views of parts thereof.
A quadrangular box or receptacle supported upon standards a is provided with a
perforated or sieve like bottom d over which is laid a wire netting or metallic cloth f."
Over the latter is placed a slide plate g suitably constructed so that may be laterally
drawn out of and reintroduced into the said receptacle. Below the sieve bottom da
pan is arranged so that it may slide on two lateral rails i. The said pan may be
provided in the centre or at the side with an outlet ¹; over the box a bow frame k is
arranged having a threaded boss for the screw spindle m the lower end of which
carries the plate p fitting exactly into the box b. The spindle has at its upper end a
fly wheel or handle n The oiling or fatting is effected as follows:-
The bottom g is inserted and a certain quantity of wool is placed thereon and oil or
fat poured thereover.

page_text: On top of this layer is placed a second quantity of wool and again oil or fat poured
on the same.
In the same manner four or more layers are arranged until the box b is filled. The
wool is then compressed by aid of the plate p and spindle m.
The plate pis lifted again the wool turned over in the box and pressed again.
After raising the plate p, the wool may be again turned and pressed.
The plate p being subsequently raised the bottom g is drawn out and the wool is
pressed thoroughly for the last time. The excess of oil passes through the metallic
cloth and grating d into the pan h, such surplus of oil being again employed for the
same purpose.
To facilitate the introduction of the wool into the box bone of the lateral walls of
the same may be hinged, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
The hinged wall is in this case detachably connected by means of hooks o with the
contiguous side walls.
The apparatus may also be so constructed so that the plate is raised and lowered by
steam or by other mechanical power or by means of hydraulic pressure. The arrange-
ment may also be made in such a manner that the pressing plate p is stationary and
the receptacle moves towards the same.
The advantage obtained by the above described oiling or fatting process and by the
uniform fatting of the wool produced thereby consists in the circumstance that the
wool does not suffer from loss (usually about 4%) during the process of willowing
and gives completely uniform threads in spinning. Moreover about 25% in oil or
fat are economized.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The process of oiling or fatting wool consisting in pressing the wool together
with the necessary oil or fat, first in a closed receptacle and subsequently in a
perforated or permeable receptacle.
2. A machine comprising a receptacle of suitable cross section, a stationary
sieve bottom thereto and a removable plain bottom in combination with a pressing
plate adapted to be shifted up and down in the receptacle for the purpose set
forth.
D
1781 1
" .
1 1000
Dated this 17th day of April 1988.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.