In- PROVEMENTS IN PENTAGRAPH ENGRAVING MACHINES EMPLOYED IN THE ENGRAVING OF CYLINDRICAL OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Moulton, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "In-
PROVEMENTS IN PENTAGRAPH ENGRAVING MACHINES EMPLOYED IN THE
ENGRAVING OF CYLINDRICAL OR OTHER SURFACES."
Sealed the 8th January 1869, and dated the 17th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Moulton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th July 1868.
. I, GEORGE MOULTON, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PENTAGRAPH ENGRAVING MACHINES EMPLOYED IN
THE ENGRAVING OF CYLINDRICAL OR OTHER SURFACES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates chiefly to the pentagraph engraving machines
employed to engrave or trace patterns or designs on the surfaces of
cylindrical rollers, as is well understood, but may be adapted to machines.
employed to engrave surfaces otherwise formed.
In the aforesaid machines it is desirable at certain times to be able
to reverse the motion of the fools, so as to effect a change in the pattern

page_text: or in the repititions of the pattern usually understood as " turning
over," whereby without changing the direction of motion of the penta-
graph tracer the direction of motion of the engraving tool or tools, or
of the surface being engraved, may be reversed; and my Invention
relates principally to an improved method of effecting such reversal,
applicable more particularly to machines having but one row of tools,
and of effecting the "stepping of the pattern," or the changing of the
relative positions of portions of the complete design.
In one arrangement the tools are reversed by connecting the tool bar
or carriage to an endless band or to a band or to bands acting as an
endless band, the said band passing around drums or pullies, so that
the two opposite portions of the band move in opposite directions, the
tool bar being connected to one portion of the band or to another
portion of the band moving in an opposite direction according as the
tools are required to move in the same direction as the tracer, or in a
direction contrary thereto. The ends of the said band are attached to
a drum or pulley, which is actuated by an intermediate travelling bar,
upon which the tool bar is mounted, the said intermediato bar deriving
its motion from the diminishing pulley of the pentagraph, the tool
bar and the intermediate bar being mounted upon rollers in the usual
manner.
In another arrangement for effecting the same object the band
actuated by the tracer carriage is passed twice around, or partly around
each of the end carrier pullies, so as to present two free portions of
the band, moving when actuated in contrary directions, the tracer
carriage being connected to either of the said portions according as the
tool bar is required to move in one direction or the other. To connect
the tool carriage or the tracer carriage with the band I prefer to employ
a bolt or screw acting upon clips, in such a manner as that when the
said screw is turned in one direction a clip is tightened upon a portion
of the band, and the carriage is connected thereto; and on turning the
screw in the contrary direction the said clip is released and a second clip
is tightened upon the opposite portion of the band. To effect the "step-
ping" or "changing" the screw is turned into an intermediate position,
so as to release both clips, and the carriage is moved in either direction
as required. To assist in the adjustment of the pattern upon the surface
to be engraved I make one or more of the band pullics, through which
motion is transmitted to the tool carriage or carriages, capable of being

page_text: increased or decreased in diameter. To effect the reversal of the motion
of the surface being engraved I interpose one or more intermediate
rollers or wheels- between the said surface and the discs, wheels, or other
equivalent giving motion to the same, the said intermediate rollers
transmitting the motion from the said discs or other equivalent to the
surface to be engraved, and at the same time reversing the direction of
the said motion,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Moulton in the Great Seal Patent Officé
on the 16th January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
MOULTON, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Moulton, Her special license that
I, the said George Moulton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Moulton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PENTAGRAPH ENGRAVING
MACHINES EMPLOYED IN THE ENGRAVING OF CYLINDRICAL OR OTHER SURFACES,"
upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said George Moulton,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
iled in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent,
NOW KNOW YE, that-I, the said George Moulton, do hereby declare
he nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My Invention relates chiefly to the pentagraph engraving machines
employed to engrave or trace patterns or designs on the surfaces of
cylindrical rollers, as is well understood, but may be adapted to machines
employed to engrave surfaces otherwise formed.
In the aforesaid machines it is desirable at certain times to be able
to reverse the motion of the tools, so as to effect a change in the pattern
or in the repititions of the pattern, usually understood as "turning over,"
whereby without changing the direction of motion of the pentagraph
the direction of motion of the engraving tool or tools, or of the surface
being engraved, may be reversed; and my Invention relates principally
to an improved method of effecting such reversal, applicable more
particularly to machines having but one row of tools, and of effecting the
"stepping of the pattern," or the changing of the relative positions or
portions of the complete design.
In one arrangement the tools are reversed by connecting the tool bar
or carriage to an endless band, or to a band or to bands acting as an
endless band, the said band passing around drums or pulleys, so that the
two opposite portions of the band move in opposite directions, the tool
bar being connected to one portion of the band, or to another portion
of the hand moving in an opposite direction, according as the tools are
required to move in the same direction as the tracer, or in a direction
contrary thereto. The ends of the said band are attached to a drum
or pulley, which is actuated by an intermediate travelling bar, upon
which the tool bar is mounted, the said intermediate bar deriving its
motion from the diminishing pulley of the pentagraph, the tool bar
and the intermediate bar being mounted upon rollers in the usual
nanner.
In another arrangement for effecting the same object the band
actuated by the tracer carriage is passed twice around or partly around
each of the end carrier pulleys, so as to present two free portions of the
band moving when actuated in contrary directions, the tracer carriage
being connected to either of the said portions, according as the tool
bar is required to move in one direction or the other. To connect the
tool carriage or the tracer carriage with the band I prefer to employ a
bolt or screw acting upon clips, in such a manner as that when the said
screw is turned in one direction a clip is tightened upon a portion of

page_text: the band, and the carriage is connected thereto; and on turning the
screw in the contrary direction the said clip is released, and a second
clip is tightened upon the opposite portion of the band. To effect the
"stepping" or " changing" the screw is turned into an intermediate
position, so as to release both clips, and the carriage is moved in either
direction as required. To assist in the adjustment of the pattern upon
the surface to be engraved I make one or more of the band pulleys,
through which motion is transmitted to the tool carriage or carriages
capable of being increased or decreased in diameter. To effect the
reversal of the motion of the surface being engraved I interpose one or
more intermediate rollers or wheels between the said surface, and the
discs, wheels, or other equivalent giving motion to the same, the said
intermediate rollers transmitting the motion from the said discs or other
equivalent to the surface.to be engraved, and at the same time reversing
the direction of the said motion.
In order that the said Invention may be fully understood I have
supplied a Sheet of Drawings to accompany this Specification, the said
Sheet having letters of reference marked 'thereupon, similar letters
indicating corresponding parts in the various Figures.
Referring here to the said Drawings, Fig. 1 is a cross sectional
elevation of a pentagraph engraving machine having my improvements
applied thereto; and Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is a
plan of the travelling bars shewn as detached from the machine; Fig. 4.
is an elevation of one end of the upper travelling, bar or the tool bar,
Fig. 5 being an end elevation of the same; Figs. 6 and 7 are an end
elevation and a plan of the adjustable pulley shewn at C in Figs. 2
and 3, Figs. 8 and 9 being corresponding views of the same in section;¸
Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the apparatus employed to reverse the.
direction of motion of the surface being engraved, the said apparatus,
being also shewn in Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 11 is a detached view of
a portion of the tracer carriage shewn at- F in the said Figures.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3 are drawn to a scale of about one quarter of the full
size, Figs. 4 to 9, both inclusive, being drawn about the full size.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A is the tool bar or the upper travelling bar;
B is the lower travelling bar; C is the adjustable pulley; D is the
apparatus employed to reverse the direction of motion of the surface/
being engraved, represented in this example by the roller E; and F is
an apparatus attached to the tracer carriage, being a portion of the

page_text: second arrangement for effecting the reversal of the tools or the stepping
of the pattern. The tool bar A is mounted upon the rollers a, a, which
travel upon suitably prepared surfaces formed on the lower bar B, and
the said lower bar is similarly mounted on the rollers b, b, which
travel on the fixed rail e. The said lower bar is connected to the
diminishing pulley by means of the steel tape c attached to the
frame b', the said pulley being mounted on the same spindle as the
pulley d, which is connected to the tracer carriagefin the usual manner,
or in the manner to be herein-after described, so that the movements of
the tracer carriage in direction either to the right hand or to the left
hand in Fig. 2 are imparted in a diminished ratio to the bar B. The
adjustable pulley C revolves in centres or bearings carried by the
bracket attached to the framing of the machine, and is connected to
the bar B by means of the tape h, each end of the tape being attached
to the said bar and an intermediate part of the said tape to the pulley O,
the tape being passed around the said pulley, so that each movement of
the har causes a partial rotation of the said pulley, the said rotation
being employed to give motion to the upper bar A in manner as
follows: The steel tape is connected by one end to the pulley C, and
after passing around the carrier pulley i, which is mounted in the
bracket attached to the rail e, is connected by the other end to the
said pulley, whereby it follows that at each movement of the bar B one
portion of the tape will make a corresponding movement in the same
direction as the said bar, and at the same time another portion of the
same tape will move in a direction contrary thereto, the bar A being
connected either to one or the other of the said portions according as its
movements have to coincide with that of the bar B or to be contrary
thereto. The end of the bar A is fitted with an adjusting carriage k,
as shewn most clearly in Figs. 4 and 5, the said carriage being fitted to
slide on the said bar, the said sliding action being governed by the
screw, which revolves in a bearing formed on or attached to the said
bar. The said carriage is also fitted with the screw or bolt 2, the
screwed portion of which works in the carriage, the said belt being fitted
at each end with a head or collar 3 and 4, which operate upon the spring
clips 5 and 6, the portion of the tape which moves in the same
direction as the bar B passing between the carriage and the clip 6 at
the same time that the opposite and contrary moving portion of the
same tape passes between the carriage and the clip 5, so that supposing
the screw to be turned in one direction the clip 6 will be tightened on

page_text: the tape, and the carriage, together with the bar A and the tools, will
move in the same direction as the bar B, and on the contrary, when the
said screw is turned in a reverse direction the clip 5 will be tightened
on the tape, and the tool bar and tools will move in a direction
contrary to the direction of motion of the bar B. When the screw /
is turned into such a position as will release both of the aforesaid clips
the tool bar will be uncontrolled by the tape, and may then be moved
by hand into any desired position as may be required when adjusting
the positions of the tools or when effecting the operation known as
stepping," after which the tool bar may be connected to the tape
in manner as above described, a further and more delicate adjustment
of the tools being effected if required by turning the screw k³ in
a suitable direction. The screw is employed to tighten the carriage
"
upon the bar B when the adjustment is effected.
The motion of the tracer carriage is transmitted to the wheel d
by the steel tape m, which in the arrangement illustrated is arranged
as follows:-One end of the said tape is attached to the periphery
of the wheel d, and the tape' is then led partly around one of the
pulleys n, n, working in the arms of the pentagraph frame, thence
partly around the other of the said pulleys, thence partly around the
first-named pulley for the second time, and passing partly around
the second pulley for the second time, and around the wheel d;
the other end of the tape is attached to the said wheel. By this
method of attaching the tape it is obtained that there is an upper
line of tape moving in one direction, and that there are two lower
lines of tape moving in a contrary direction, and that the tracer
carriage may be connected either to the upper line of tape or to one
or both of the lower ones, the said carriage having the same length
of traverse in both cases. The portion of the apparatus employed
to connect the tracer carriage to the tapes is shewn at Fig. 11,
being drawn about half size. The frame F is formed with .or attached
to the tracer carriage, and is fitted with a screw or bolt o, which
is caused to clip either the upper or the lower tape in a similar
manner as in the case of the screw in Figs. 4 and 5, the action
of which has been previously described. It will be understood that
the terms upper and lower as herein-above used refer to the positions
of the tapes and the situation of the wheel d, as shewn in Figs. 1
and 2, and that when the first-described method of "reversing'

page_text: and "stepping" is employed the arrangement next previously described
may be used in connection therewith or may be dispensed with as
may be preferred, the tape m being in the latter case passed only
once partly around each of the pulleys n, n, as is usual. In Figs. 6
to 9 the lower portion of the pulley C is turned to the form of
a frustrum of a cone, and is fitted with segments p, p, the inner surfaces
of which are suitably formed to slide on the conical surface, the outer
surfaces forming, in conjunction with the steel band q which encircles
the segments, the periphery of the lower portion of the pulley. The
segments rest upon the disc r, which may be caused to approach the
upper portion of the pulley or to recede therefrom by turning the
nutr¹ in the required direction, the diameter of the lower portion of
the pulley being in the first instance increased and in the second
decreased, the said increase or decrease in the diameter causing a pro-
portionate increase or decrease in the longitudinal size of the engraved
pattern. This arrangement, or a modification thereof, will be found
to be especially applicable to be employed in conjunction with an
arrangement for effecting an enlarging or diminishing of the engraved
pattern transversely, for which Letters Patent were granted to me,
bearing date the Fourth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, the two arrangements enabling
an uniform variation in the size of the pattern to be obtained. The
steel tape enters the body of the pulley and passes around the boss
of the pulley, where it is held by the clip 8, and after encircling the
ontside of the pulley the ends are attached to the bar B, as has been
previously explained. One end of the tape
to the bolt in Fig. 7, the said bolt being
said tape. The diminishing pulley Z may be
increased or decreased in diameter, the effect being the same as in
the case of the pulley C. The apparatus for effecting the reversal of
the motion of the surface being engraved is shewn in Figs. 1 and 2,
and detached at Fig. 10. So long as the direction of motion of the
said surface is required to be in the direction of the arrow marked
thereon in Fig. 1 at the same time that the tracer wo is moving over
the pattern in a direction contrary to that indicated by the arrow 3
marked on the curved bed or table, the said surface, as, for example,
the roller E, is allowed to rest upon the two diminishing discs which
are fixed upon the shaft v, to which the pentagraph frame &' is attached,
one only of the said discs being shewn at in the Drawings, but when
-in Fig. 2 is attached
employed to tighten the
made capable of being

page_text: it is desired to reverse the direction of motion of the roller as relative
to that of the tracer, an apparatus similar to the one shewn at Fig. 10
is interposed between the said roller and each of the said discs. The
frame D of the said apparatus carries two small rollers x, x, the journals
of which revolve in contact with the wheels y, y, which thus receive
a large proportion of the pressure caused by the weight of the roller E,
and act to lessen the friction in manner as is well understood. The
rollers x, x, rest upon the disc ", and receiving a revolving motion
therefrom at each movement of the frame ' communicate the "said
motion in a reverse direction to the surface being engraved, and which
rests upon the said rollers, the roller E and the tracer moving in the
direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
means adopted by me to carry the same into practical effect, I would
have it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise details as illustrated in the attached Drawings; but that I
claim,―
First. Actuating the bar upon which the engraving tools are mounted
by means of a band or tape or of bands or tapes, one portion of the
band or tape or "one of the said" bands or tapes moving in the same
direction as the tracer at the same time that the other portion or the
other band or tape is moving in a direction contrary thereto, the said
bar being connected either to one portion or one band or to the other
portion or the other band, as may be desired.
Secondly. Passing the tape or band to which the tracer carriage is
connected twice around or partly around each of the carrier pulleys for
the purposes herein-before described.
Thirdly. The arrangements for readily disconnecting the tool bar or
the tracer carriage from the tapes and for connecting the said bar or
carriage to either of the two tapes or of the two portions of the tape, as
herein-before described and as illustrated at Figs. 4, 5, and 11, or any
mere modifications thereof.
Fourthly. Constructing the diminishing pulley or the pulley
marked C in the attached Drawings in such a manner as that the
diameter of the pulley or of a portion thereof may be increased or
diminished for the purposes as herein-before described, or similarly con-
structing any other tape pulley which will have a like effect in varying
the size of the engraved pattern.

page_text: Fifthly. Interposing reversing rollers between the surface to be
engraved and the discs or segments which give motion to the said
surface for the purpose as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Moulton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of January, in the year 5
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
GEORGE MOULTON, (L.S.)
Signed and sealed by the said
George Moulton, in the pre-
sence of,
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
Manchester.