IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING, CONVERTING, AND UTILIZING THE METALLIC
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Ives Vaughan, of Mitre Lane, near Kensal
Green, in the County of Middlesex, Chemist, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING, CONVERTING, AND UTILIZING THE METALLIC
Sealed the 20th August 1869, and dated the 24th February 1869..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Ives Vaughan:
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,.
on the 24th February 1869.
I, JOHN IVES VAUGHAN, of Mitre Lane, near Kensal Green, in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING, CONVERTING, AND UTILIZING
THE METALLIC SALTS AND SULPHURIC ACID CONTAINED IN OR DERIVED FROM THE
RESIDUAL OR WASTE LIQUORS OF TINNED PLATE WORKS AND PETROLEUM AND
PARAFFIN REFINERIES," to be as follows:-
The sulphuric acid contained in the acid solution of sulphate of iron,

page_text: or the sulphate of iron obtained from the acid solutions resulting from
the operation of manufacturing tinned plates is combined with magnesia,
and a sulphate of magnesia thereby formed, and the iron separated in
the form of an oxide. The resulting sulphate of magnesia is purified
and manipulated in the ordinary manner, as well understood, and the
oxide of iron washed, dried, or roasted according to the methods hitherto
employed to fit it for polishing purposes, the manufacture of colours,
and other uses to which it is applicable.
Another part of the said Invention consists in combining the waste
liquors containing sulphuric acid from the refining of petroleum and
paraffin oils and materials appertaining thereto with magnesia, whereby
sulphate of magnesia in a crude form is obtained, and which may be
manipulated or purified as required by the ordinary methods, as well
understood.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Ives Vaughan in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th August 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
İVES VAUGHAN, of Mitre Lane, near Kensal Green, in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Ives Vaughan, Her special
licence that I, the said John Ives Vaughan, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Ives Vaughan, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and 'vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING, CONVERTING, AND UTILIZING THE METALLIC SALTS
AND SULPHURIC ACID CONTAINED IN OR DERIVED FROM THE RESIDUAL OR WASTE
LIQUORS OP TINNED PLATE-WORKS. AND PETROLEUM AND PARAFFIN REFINERIES,"
.

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Ives Vaughan,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Ives Vaughan, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
In the treatment of the acid solution resulting from the operation of
manufacturing tinned plates, and which has been saturated or partially
saturated with iron from the plates or articles which have been dipped
or steeped therein, I subject the same either in an undiluted state or
diluted below the crystallising point or the residue or mother liquor
remaining after the crystals of sulphate of iron have been deposited from
the solution to the following treatment:-A quantity of crude magnesite
is broken or pulverised and placed in the receptacle containing the
before-mentioned liquor, which is allowed to filter through it, by which
means the free sulphuric acid is neutralised. The filtrate is then treated
with a further quantity of pulverised magnesite and subjected to heat,
whereby the sulphuric acid of the copperas or sulphate of iron contained
in the liquor is expelled therefrom and absorbed by the magnesia, the
iron being left in the form of oxide. This process may be varied by
treating the filtrate with calcined magnesite or magnesia so as to throw
down the iron, the supernatant liquor being cleansed and boiled down,
and the precipitated oxide of iron treated as may be required by drying
or roasting to render it applicable for polishing, the manufacture of
colours, and other useful purposes.
Another mode of treatment which may be adopted is to calcine
the magnesia and to mix the before-mentioned solution with it, and
then calcine or roast it after such mixing. The soluble sulphate of
magnesia should be lixiviated and dried or crystallised, and the insoluble
residue or oxide of iron dried and treated for the purposes to which the
same is applicable. In the case of the acid residues resulting from the
refining of petroleum and paraffin oil and other analogous materials I
wash out or separate the acid as far as possible, and combine the same

page_text: with raw or calcined magnesia, or the tarry "magma" is mixed with
magnesia or its carbonate and roasted in a furnace with access of air.
The resulting mass may either be purified or used in its crude state as
an artificial manure. In addition to magnesite serpentine and other
magnesian compounds may be used in the processes embraced by my
said Invention for the utilization of the waste acid solutions before
mentioned.
Having thus declared and ascertained the nature of my said In-
vention, and the manner in which it is to be performed, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and original, and
therefore claim as constituting the Invention secured to me by the
said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent are,-
First. The methods of treating the acid solutions resulting from the
manufacture of tinned plates, substantially as and for the purposes
herein-before described and set forth, or any mere modifications
thereof.
And, secondly. The methods of treating the acid residues resulting
from the refining of petroleum and paraffin oils, substantially as and for
the purposes herein-before described and set forth, or any mere modifica-
tions thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ives Vaughan, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Twenty-fourth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and sixty-
nine.
J. I. VAUGHAN. (L.S.).