Improvements in Transferring Designs on to Ceramic and other Objects, and in the Materials employed for that Purpose.
Year: 1893

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands-after
Amendment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883), as allowed by
the decision of the Comptroller General of the 30th day of March 1896.
Date of Application, 26th Jan,, 1893-Accepted, 18th Mar., 1893
[Communicated from abroad by HECTOR DE GROUSILLIERS, of No. 32,
Kastanien Allee, Berlin, Germany.]
Improvements in Transferring Designs on to Ceramic and other
Objects, and in the Materials employed for that Purpose.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent
Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement.
Designs have heretofore been transferred to ceramic and other objects by means
of transfer paper which is first provided with a coating of a substance soluble in
water, on which coating the design to be transferred is then printed.
For ceramic objects the designu is also sometimes printed directly on to moistened
paper, or on a coating of soap on such paper; but such impressions must be
transferred fresh on the ceramic objects, otherwise they become unserviceable.
..
If ordinary transfer paper is employed, a transfer varnish must be applied to the
object to be decorated on those parts that are to receive the impression, in order
that this may adhere properly.
But only coarser transfer designs can be produced in this way, because with
more delicate impressions, particularly if not freshly prepared, the coating of the
design mostly does not adhere properly to the varnished parts.
The present invention consists in applying to the transfer paper, in addition to
the said coating soluble in water, a second coating of a material insoluble in water,
which serves to carry the impression of the design, and which after removal of the
paper, is applied, with the impression uppermost, to the object to be decorated,
upon which it is then pressed by means of a soft brush.
After drying, this skin adheres perfectly to the decorated object and the design
can be burnt in if the colours are of a vitreous nature.
This design-carrying layer consists of a mixture of turpentine and a drying oil,
which, according to the state of the atmosphere, is mixed with from twenty to
twelve times the quantity of a two-per cent. collodion. The turpentine and drying
oil are generally used in equal quantities; the proportions have however to be
varied somewhat according to the nature of the printing.
Collodion alone, or only mixed with glycerine, for rendering it more supple, can
only be used as the design carrier (as is done with the photo ceramic dusted
designs) when the skin has been freshly prepared, because it is very fragile and
difficult to manipulate.

page_text: In addition, the skin is very apt to split off on drying and burning. But in
particular the use of collodion has the disadvantage that it falls to pieces after a
short time, and that a design printed thereon can then no longer be transferred.
The addition of drying oil renders the skin more supple, tougher and more dense,
and enables it to last a very long time, so that the impressions can be kept for a
long time.
The addition of turpentine renders the skin more adhesive, so that it adheres
very firmly to the object to be decorated. But its particular advantage is that, in
partially evaporating in burning in the design, it renders the skin porous to a
certain extent, so that it is not raised off the object by the pressure of the vapours
that may be generated beneath it, and lastly, it melts together on to the object
with the residue of the turpentine.
The transfer design may also be prepared according to this invention in such
manner, that design is first printed on the coating soluble in water, and after the
impression is dry, the above described mixture of turpentine, drying oil and
collodion is applied thereto.
If the transfer designs are applied to porous objects, they are apt to split off.
In order to prevent this, the parts of the object to be decorated are first coated
with a material that removes the porosity. For this purpose traganth mucilage,
starch paste, turpentine dissolve in turpentine oil, resin solution, or other suitable
material may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. A process for the preparation of transfer paper, more particularly for ceramic
objects, consisting in applying to the coating of the transfer paper that is soluble
in water, a second coating, that is insoluble in water, consisting of a mixture of
turpentine and drying oil with a considerably greater proportion of a collodion
solution, which coating serves to carry the impression of the design, substantially
as described.
2. In the process for preparing transfer paper referred to in the preceding claim,
the modification whereby the insoluble coating is applied to the dried impression
of the design which is made directly upon the soluble coating, substantially as
described.
Dated this 26th day of January 1893.