ן Improvements in Looms to Weave Borders, Stripes, and, Selvedges; on Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification. Left;i 5th Aug., 1896 Accepted, 10th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
ן
Improvements in Looms to Weave Borders, Stripes, and, Selvedges;
on Textile Fabrics.
JOHN LAW, Cotton Mill Manager 35 Clarke Street and JOSEPH HENRY CUNLIFFR
Cotton Manufacturer, Bankside Mills both of Rochdale in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declaro the, nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving textile fabrics more
especially where stripes, borders and selvedges are required, that is to say, this
invention or apparatus will weave stripes or borders of any required width on textile
fabrics, without the weft which. weaves the middle or body portion of the cloth, going
through or being woven into the said bordor or stripes.
The above object and result, is accomplished by means, of; having a space.. between
the band rail of slay and the top shed of warp weaving the body, of the cloth, so as to
allow another shed to be formed of a sufficient size. to admit of an instrument or
specially formed shuttle to pass through when open, the warp threads of this, upper
shed not to fall below the shed of the main warp or to obstruct.or impede the passage
of the lower shuttle weaving the middle or body portion of the cloth.
The bealds required to operate the warp of these, upper, sheds are arranged and
fixed so as to work on a higher level and so as to correspond! with. the space above the
main warp and plane of the cloth being woven as before described...
Each stripe, bordor or selvedge will be woven by weft, or other, yarns from a
specially made shuttle or instrument which retains or holds,, the said yarn or weft in
the shape of a cop, pirn, spool, reel or, bobbin, and is operated by being positively
passed or pushed through the upper, sheds by means of a suitable motion to which is
attached a finger clip constructed so as to take firmly hold of the instrument, or
shuttle when pressed into its jaws or clips, and by the action of a suitable, motion this
instrument or shuttle, is put through the shed to a similar clip and motion on the
opposite side, these finger clips are, so constructed that on each pressing the shuttle
or instrument into its opposite finger,,clip, its own, grip is released and, instantly
withdrawn from the shed.
These motions are fixed on the back of the slay, and hand rail of the loom by suitable
appliances.so as to operate in a horizontal direction and in the angle of the shed, the
hand rail is slotted the whole length so as to allow of these motions and appliances to
be adjusted or moved to any position required for the stripe or border, and the, width
of cloth to be woven, the number, of these motions.,will be governed by the number
of stripes or borders required to, be woven, neither shuttle boxes, nor picking, sticks
being required.
The conuection of the stripes, borders or selvedges, with the body of the cloth, is
effected by a number of warp threads taken from a seperate beam or bobbin and
drawn in between the stripe or border and the main cloth warp, through, healds which
are worked by a suitable motion, so as to operate either alternately, or to weave some
design or figure connection by interweaving some threads of the, border, warp, with
some of the cloth warp by rising, and falling into andythrough both the upper.and
lower sheds, these threads may be of any material or colour desired.¡¡
Dated this Twelfth day of November 1895:

page_text: -
:
Improvements in Looms to Weave Borders, Stripes, and Selvedges
on Textile Fabrics.
JOHN LAW, 27 Sussex Street, Cotton Mill Manager, and JOSEPH HENRY CUNLIFFE,
Bankside Mills, Cotton Manufacturer, both of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
England, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving textile fabrics, more
especially, such as dhooties, and sarries, but also for other bordered or striped fabrics,
wherein a different weft is required in such border or stripe to that of the main or
body portion of the cloth, that is to say this invention or apparatus will weave borders,
stripes and selvedges of any required width without the weft which weaves the main
or body portion of the cloth going through or being woven into the said border stripe
or selvedge.
This object and result is attained by means of having a rood of sufficient depth to
admit of a second or upper shed being formed at a higher level than that composing
the main or body portion of the cloth, so as to admit of an instrument or specially
formed shuttle to pass through when open, and so formed. as not to impede or
obstruct the passage of the lower shuttle weaving the main or body portion of the
cloth.
'
The healds required to operate the warp of this upper shed aro so arranged and
fixed as to work on a higher level corresponding with the space above the main warp
and plane of the cloth as before described.
Each border, stripe or selvedge is woven by woft or other yarns from a specially
formed and suitable shuttle or instrument which holds the weft or yarn in the shape
of a cop, or on a pirn, spool, reel, or hobbin, and which shuttle or instrument is
operated by being positively passed or pushed through the upper shed by means of a
Buitable motion hereafter fully described.
These motions are fixed on the back and front of lathe top or hand rail of loom
by suitable appliances so as to operate in a horizontal direction, and in the angle of
the upper shed; this hand rail may be slotted either the wholo length or a sufficient
distance at each end so as to allow of the motions and appliances to be adjusted aud
moved to any position required consistent with the width of cloth to be woven; the
number of these motions which may be applied to a loom depends upon the reed space
and the minimum and maximum size in which these motions can practically be made,
an essential feature of this our invention being that these motions can be applied to
existing looms.
The connection of the border, stripe or selvedge with the main or body portion of
the cloth is effected by a number of threads taken from a separate beam or bobbin,
and drawn in between the border or stripe and the main cloth warp through healds
worked by a suitable motion hereafter described:
In order that our invention may be better understood, we now proceed to describe
the motions and separate parts by means of the accompanying drawings, the same
letters and figures indicating corresponding parts wherever they occur.
Fig. 1. (Sheet 1) shews a cross section of the sheds as opened by the bealds, also
shewing the lathe, lathe top or hand rail, lathe swords, back bearers, beams, Llever,
and cam or picking tappit.
Fig. 2. (Sheet 2) shows a back view in elevation of the lathe top or hand rail,
horizontal rods and attachments, picking levers, and slides for shuttle motions.
..
Fig. 3. (Sheet 3) is a front view in elevation shewing slotted lathe top or hand rail,
and motions in suitable positions for operating the shuttles.

page_text: Fig. 4 (Sheet 1) shews a plan view of suitable shuttle, and also shuttle in cross
section, both full size.
Fig. 5. (Sheet 3) shews a front view of motions which passes the shuttle through the
shed to the receiving piston jaw.
Fig. 6. (Sheet 3) is a separate view of the cylinder or tube, piston, and the sliding
spindle which pushes the shuttlo home in the jaw of the receiving piston.
A shows the slotted lathe top or handrail of loom to which the picking motions and
apparatus are principally attached, see Figs. 1, 2, 3. B. Fig. 1. 3. is the reed which
for the purpose is made a little deeper than ordinary. C. Fig. 1. indicates the healds
through which the warp threads are drawn, and numbered respectively 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.,
any number of healds may of course be employed to suit the kind of cloth required.
1. 2. represent the healds for operating the border warp marked D.
8. 6. are shown to operate the connecting warp threads E which attach the border,
stripe or selvedge securely to the main or body portion of the cloth.
When it is intended to weave plain borders, stripes or selvedges only, the
healds 1. 2. for border warp may be operated by an extra cross shaft D₁ Fig. 7 fixed
on beald roller brackets, this shaft is mounted at each end with a block D' in the
usual way, and on which shaft is mounted also another and much larger block D³ to
give a double lift to the connecting threads which have to operate alternately through
Both the upper and lower shed; this shaft gets its motion by a connecting strap with
the ordinary heald shaft D worked by the tappits, which will be readily understood by
the drawings as shewn Fig. 7. Sheet 4.
When it is intended to weave some figure connection as may be done by using a
dobby or other motions any number of connecting threads may of course be used.
4. 5. operate the main or body portion of warp F, this warp being carried over the
back rest in the ordinary way.
The section warp for the borders, stripes or selvedges may be either taken from the
main warp beam, or from a separate section beam or bobbin, as shewn G, Fig. 1.
The connecting threads E by preference are drawn from a reel or bobbin as shewn
at H, Fig. 1.
The cam or picking tappit I, Fig. 1 on second motion shaft of loom is suitably
connected to lever I hy a stud and bowl I working in groove of cam I; this lover I¹
is connected at 13 with an adjusting rod I to an L lever J, Fig. 2; this ☐ lever J
works on an adjustable stud fixed in the cross bar K, which is bolted to lathe sword
on each side of loom, and having a jaw, J', suitably made on the upper end so as to
work the two horizontal rods L, which operate the shuttle motions.
J³, Fig. 2 is a spring attached to levar J and end of lathe to assist the return of
shuttle motions.
In the handrail A and through slot N the sliding pieces M are mounted on the
horizontal rods L with set screws, and can consequently he moved or adjusted to any
required position, and are brought down the front of hand rail in suitable position,
to be capable of sliding backward and forward in slot N when actuated by the
cam or picking-tappit I.
O. Figs. 3. 6. is a cylinder or tube supported by suitable and adjustable attachments
to handrail A below slot N, and so as to be in proper position in front of reed B and
sufficiently below the bottom side of hand rail A to allow the formation of the
upper shed and for the shuttle to work as close as possible to the reed.
O' Figs. 8. 6. represent the piston which slides in cylinder or tube O, and is
operated by its connection with M through slot 0%, by stud at one end of which
piston is a suitably formed jaw capable of holding or retaining the shuttle in position
as shewn at S, Fig. 3, until operated through its connections with the cam or picking
tappit on second motion shaft as shewn in Fig. 1, so that when tappit I revolves and
its projecting point I° strikes bowl 1, a quick rising and falling motion is thereby
imparted to lever 1', and thus through the connections herein described the shuttle
held in piston jaw O¹ is passed through the upper shed and partly into the jaw
of an exactly corresponding piston on opposite side of border or stripe, and in
order that the shuttle may get completely home into the opposite piston jaw we

page_text: I
provide a depending finger P. Figs. 3. 5. supported by an adjustable stud bolt P¹,
through slot N, at the bottom end of this finger P is a slot connected by pin to
spindle P, Fig. 5, see dotted lines, so that when the picking operation is being
performed by the cam or picking tappit I as before described, and at that point
when the shuttle enters the opposite jaw the striking piece. P³ comes in contact
with finger P below the point of its suspension thereby causing the spindle P' to
quickly drive the shuttle completely home into the receiving jaw of piston O', 'and
to instantly withdraw from the shed..
P4; Fig. 5 is a small spring or elastic band connected to slide M and spindle Pa; s0
that on the return of picking motions the spindle P* is quickly brought into its normal
position.
S, Fig. 4, shows a plan and cross section of the shuttle, full size, is the reel
containing the weft for border or stripe, S2 is a flat steel spring in upper slot T
of shuttle to prevent the rebound of shuttle from piston jaw.
These border shuttles may be picked in the same or in opposite directions to that of
the main shuttle, as may be desired.
We do not confine ourselves, absolutely to all the mechanical details herein described
for the weaving of such borders, stripes and selvedges on textile fabrics by means of
an upper shed, as some contingencies may arise necessitating other suitable mechanism
or additions in conformity with the general principles heroin described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion; and in what manner..tho, same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In looms for the weaving of textile fabrics more especially such as dhooties,
sarries, and other bordered or striped fabrics, wherein a different weft is required' in
'such border or stripes to that of the main or body portion of the cloth, in combination
an upper shed with suitable mechanism for operating and passing the shuttle for the
border or stripe at a higher level than the shed of the main warp for the purpose and
in manner substantially as herein shewn and described.
2. In combination a slotted' lathe top or hand rail-A, through which slot N the
suitable mechanism and attachinents M. P can be moved or adjusted to any required
position, for the purpose and in manner substantially as herein shewn and described.
3. In combination a cylinder or tube O and piston with jaw O' and the suitable
mechanism for operating the border shuttle S, for the purpose and in manner
substantially as herein shewn and described..
4. In combination, a dependant finger P, sliding piece M, spindle P* and striking
piece P³, or other suitable mechanism, whereby the border shuttle-S is passed or
pushed from the retaining to the receiving opposite piston jaw, for the purpose and in
manner substantially as herein shewn and described:
5. In combination, an adjustable lever J, and cam or picking tappit I, with
suitable attachments I' in connection with an adjustable rod I to the said lever J,
or other suitable mechanism whereby the shuttle motions are operated, for the purpose
and in manner substantially as herein set forth and described.
Dated this 4th day of August 1896.
JOHN LAW..
JOSEPH HENRY CUNLIFFE.