provements in apparatus for deep Sea
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 20th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 21st Jan., 1887.
I JAMES GRAFTON JONES of 37 Stoke Newington Road in the County of Middlesex
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to Improvements in apparatus for deep Sea sounding
of the character described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to myself
and James Barnard Saunders dated 31st October 1879 No. 4437 such apparatus
acting on the well known law of the pressure of liquids and fluids.
In applying this law in accordance with my present improvements a tubular
instrument is employed open at the upper end for the admission of sea water to the
upper part of the tube or casing which is formed in two parts screwed or secured
together.
Within the upper part or chamber of the tube an endless band of suitably prepared
india rubber or other suitable material is mounted upon pulleys carried by fixed
brackets so as to revolve freely thereon.
The endless band carries a pointer which indicates upon a fixed graduated scale the
distance the pointer has been caused to move by the pressure of the column of water
acting upon apparatus mounted within the lower part or chamber of the instrument
which I will now describe.
Between the lower end of the upper tube or chamber and an inner flange at the
upper end of the lower tube or casing an india rubber tube is jammed by screwing the
two parts together the lower end of the india rubber tube being closed and fixed by a
hollow cap to the enlarged end of a rod which passes up into the upper chamber the
upper part being formed with a slot having a pin across the upper end which enters a
hollow in the end of the pointer.
When the pressure of the column of water acts upon the surface on the lower end of
the internal rod in its descent it extends the india rubber tube and spring in the lower
chamber and the pin in the upper end carries the pointer attached to the endless band
with it and on the pressure being removed the pointer is left at the lowest point of its
descent the distances being indicated upon the fixed graduated scale and when raised
up the depth in fathoms is readily seen.

page_text: The india rubber tube in the lower chambér is protected from bulging when
subjected to pressure by a coiled spring around it.
The coiled spring may be arranged to weigh the column of water and indicate the
weight by means of a pointer. Or the india rubber may be made of sufficient strength
to act in place of the spring to weigh the column of water in which case it requires
protection from bulging by a coil of suitable material which would offer but little
resistance to elongation but prevent lateral expansion.
In the Specification before referred to apparatus is described for lowering and raising
the sounding instrument which shows the length of wire or rope run out but does not
indicate the angle. Now in addition to the lowering apparatus therein described I
apply a quadrant carrying a roller or rollers between which the wire or rope passes
and moves a pointer on the quadrant showing the angle of the rope or wire at which
the sounding instrument is running out by which an approximate depth may be taken.
But for the exact vertical depth the instrument must be raised.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, JAMES GRAFTON JONES of Fir Tree Cottage George Lane Wanstead in the
County of Essex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for deep sea sounding
of the character described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to myself
and James Barnard Saunders dated 31st October 1879 No. 4437 such apparatus acting
on the well known law of the pressure of liquids and fluids.
In applying this law in accordance with my present improvements a tubular
instrument is employed open at the upper end for the admission of sea water to the
upper part of the tube or casing which is formed in two parts screwed or secured
together.
Within the upper part or chamber of the tube an endless band of suitably prepared
india rubber or other suitable material is mounted upon pulleys carried by fixed
brackets so as to revolve freely thereon.
The endless band carries a pointer which indicates upon a fixed graduated scale the
distance the pointer has been caused to move by the pressure of the column of water_
acting upon the apparatus mounted within the lower part or chamber of the instrument
which I will now describe.
The upper end of an india rubber tube advantageously corrugated is fixed by a
conical tubular plug to the lower end of the upper tube or chamber, the lower end of
the india rubber tube being closed and fixed by a conical plug and a hollow cap to the
end of a rod which passes up into the upper chamber the upper part being passed
through a slot in an arm fixed on the endless band which carries the pointer. A nut
on the top of the rod in its descent moves the endless band and pointer.
When the pressure of the column of water acts upon the surface on the lower end
of the internal rod in its descent it extends the india rubber tube and spring in the
lower chamber and the pin in the upper end carries the pointer attached to the
endless band with it and on the pressure being removed the pointer is left at the
lowest point of the descent the distance being indicated upon the fixed graduated scale
and when raised up the depth in fathoms is readily seen.
The india rubber tube in the lower chamber is protected from bulging when
subjected to pressure by a coiled spring around it.
The coiled spring may be arranged to weigh the column of water and indicate the
weight by means of a pointer. Or the india rubber may be made of sufficient strength
to act in place of the spring to weigh the column of water in which case it requires
protection from bulging by a coil of suitable material which would offer but "little
resistance to elongation but prevent lateral expansion.
And in order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
practice I will proceed to describe the drawings hereto annexed.

page_text: The apparatus or instrument consists of a cylinder formed in two parts a and a¹
screwed together at a² the lower part being a water tight chamber and the upper part
open to the water.
b is an india rubber tube advantageously corrugated fixed at its upper end by the
conical tubular plug a³ to the lower end of the chamber a and is free to descend within
the lower chamber a¹.
The water passes through the conical plug a³ into the corrugated tube the lower
end of which is closed by the conical plug fixed on the end of the rod e which passes
up into the upper chamber a through the forked end of the carrier d' fixed to the
endless band the rod e having a nut or collar e thereon. The plug fixes the
lower end of the tube into the cap 2 which receives the lower end of the coiled
spring surrounding the tube b.
The endless band d of prepared india rubber or other suitable material which will
resist the action of sea water is mounted upon rollers e e upon brackets, within the
upper chamber a. The endless band d carries a pointer d² which indicates upon a fixed
graduated scale d³ the distance the pointer d² has been caused to move by the pressure
of the column of water acting upon the conical plug band rode the pointer, being
left by the rod e at the lowest point of its descent when the pressure of the column of
water is removed by hauling up the instrument the rod c at the same time resuming
its normal position.
Thus the pointer d² is caused to indicate upon the fixed graduated scale d³ the exact
vertical depth to which the instrument, has descended.
f is a covering tube mounted upon the upper chamber a which being turned round
brings an opening into position to expose the graduated scale d³ and when again
closed protects it from injury.
g is a perforated conical cap with an eye g¹ to which to attach a cord for lowering
and hauling up the instrument and his a disc of wire gauze to prevent any foreign
substance from entering into the instrument.
This sounding instrument can be used either with the ordinary lead line or with
suitable lowering apparatus. It is not affected by currents but will give only the exact
vertical depth to which the instrument has descended.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The improved arrangement and combination of apparatus for taking deep sea
soundings in which a column of water is caused to act upon a plug combined with an
india rubber tube and spiral spring contained in a tube or cylinder to move a pointer
carried by an endless band into a position to indicate the vertical depth to which the
sounding instrument has descended substantially in the manner hereinbefore described
and represented in the drawings hereto annexed.
2. I claim the application of an india rubber tube and endless band, to actuate a
pointer substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.