Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Mar., 1887.
Complete Left, 6th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 7th June, 1887.
I, JOHN FEATHER of Oxenhope near Keighley, Yorkshire, Brush Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
That is, it has for its object improvements in the construction of hemispherically-
shaped brushes whereby the durability of same is greatly enhanced whilst the cost of
production is decreased.
Heretofore these brushes have been made by the wooden block that holds the
bristles being formed of a solid hemispherical shape into which the openings or holes
for the reception of the said bristles have been inade. But since the said block is
solid, and these holes having to be made in straight lines, or being convergent
towards the centre of same, it will be seen that it is impossible to bore them through,
so they are bored for a suitable depth and the bristles are inserted therein, depending
upon being held by friction or by pitch, glue or some such adhesive material, the
adhesiveness of which is easily destroyed by the action of water as is well
understood.
However according to this my said invention I make the wooden block of a
suitably hollow hemispherical shape, or a hemispherical shell of suitable thickness, by
which I am enabled to bore all the holes through same in straight lines towards the
centre thereof. These holes being made as will be well understood, larger on the
outside for a suitable distance and smaller on the inner side thus leaving a shoulder
within, so that wire, which preferably is of any suitable noncorrosive metal as brass,
copper, &c., may be passed through to lay hold of and draw the bristles up into the
outer openings, being stopped by the said shoulder when drawn sufficiently within.
Pin SI

page_text: From this it will be seen that the retention of said bristles is more permanently
secured, while their method of attachment does not require the amount of skilled
labour as does that wherein an adhesive substance is used.
To attach handles to the brushes made according to this invention, I form a
suitably shaped rim upon the edge of the hollow block, over or into which I make to
lay-hold or pass another metallic or wooden block, which may be mailed or otherwise
attached thereto, having formed thereon or therein an opening or socket for the
reception of said handle in the manner common and well understood.
To form spherically shaped brushes it is only necessary to join or attach two of the
hereinbefore described brushes together as will be readily understood.
Dated this 2nd day of March 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Hemispherically-shaped
Brushes Applicable for Washing Windows or Carriages or
for similar other Purposes.
I, JOHN FEATHER of Oxenhope near Keighley, Yorkshire, Brush Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
That is to say it has for its object improvements in the construction of hemi-
spherically-shaped brushes whereby the durability of same is greatly enhanced
whilst the cost of production is decreased; and in order that this said invention may
he more readily understood I have hereunto appended a sheet of drawings illustrative
thereof, to which reference is made in the following description.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a brush constructed according to this invention,
fig. 2 is a sectional drawing illustrating a method of attaching the handle to said
brush, and fig. 3 is a sectional drawing illustrating a method of attaching two of
said hemispherically-shaped brushes together. All the drawings are illustrative of
sections through the centre of the brush, or of portions thereof.
Heretofore these brushes have been made by the wooden block that holds the
bristles being formed of a solid hemispherical shape into which the openings or holes
for the reception of said bristles have been made. But since the said block is solid
and these holes having to be made in straight lines, or being convergent towards the
centre of same, it will be seen that it is impossible to bore them through, so they are
bored for a suitable depth and the bristles are inserted therein, depending upon being
held by pitch, glue or some such adhesive material, the adhesiveness of which is easily
destroyed by the action of water as is well understood.
.However according to this my said invention, I make the wooden block a of a
suitably hollow hemispherical shape, or a hemispherical shell of suitable thickness, by
which I am enabled to bore all the holes through said block a in straight lines
towards the centre x. These holes being made as will be well understood, larger on
the outside for a suitable distance and smaller on the inner side thus leaving or
forming a shoulder e within so that a wire d, which preferably is of any suitable non-
corrosive metal as brass, copper etc., may be passed through to lay hold of and draw
the bristles e up into the outer openings, being stopped by the said shoulder e when
drawn sufficiently within."
From this it will be seen that the retention of said bristles e is more permanently
secured, while their method of attachment does not require the amount of skilled
labour as does that wherein an adhesive substance is used.
To attach handles to the brushes made as above described, I form a suitably shaped
rim upon the edge of the block a, over which I make to lay hold the metallic
block g (fig. 1) which may be nailed or otherwise attached thereto, having formed
thereon a socket for the reception of the handle i as will be well understood. Oy

page_text: instead of the metallic block
passes or fits within the rim f.
I make a suitably shaped wooden block j (fig. 2) which
To form spherically shaped brushes it is only necessary to join or attach two of the
above described hemispherical brushes together, which may be accomplished by
forming a rim on one of the blocks a while the other block is made to receive same
as shown by fig. 3, the one being nailed or otherwise fastened to the other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
-
formed
1. The combination of the hollow hemispherical block a having holes
therein, with the wire d and the bristles e substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
formed
2. The combination of the hollow hemispherical block a having the rim
thereon, with the metallic block g having the socket attached thereto substantially as
and for the purposes specified.
3. The combination of the hollow hemispherical block a having the rim formed
thereon, with the wooden block j substantially as and for the purposes specified.
4. The hollow hemispherical block a having the rim k formed thereon, substantially
as illustrated and for the purpose specified.
5. The hollow hemispherical block a used in the construction of a brush in the
manner and for the purpose herein set forth and described.