AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES WITH INTERNAL SCREWS, WHEN CAST IRON, MALLEABLE CAST IRON, OR CAST. BRASS IS EMPLOYED
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT. to Duncan Morrison, of Bordesley Works, Birmingham..
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES
WITH INTERNAL SCREWS, WHEN CAST IRON, MALLEABLE CAST IRON, OR CAST.
BRASS IS EMPLOYED."
Sealed the 4th March 1856, and dated the 15th November 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Duncan Morrison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th November 1855.
I, DUNCAN MORRISON, of Bordesley Works, Birmingham, do hereby declare
the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
ARTICLES WITH INTERNAL SCREWS, WHEN CAST IRON, MALLEABLE CAST IRON, OR
CAST BRASS IS EMPLOYED," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
articles with internal screws, when cast iron, malleable cast iron, or cast brass
is employed. For this purpose wrought-iron tubing is used, in which the
internal screw is by preference first formed, but the screw may, if desired, be
cut after the cast article has been made. The wrought-iron tube is placed in
the mould, and the melted cast iron or malleable cast iron or brass is run into
the mould, so as to become connected with the tube or tubes of wrought iron,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Duncan Morrison in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th May 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DUNCAN
MORRISON, of Bordesley Works, Birmingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Duncan Morrison, Her special licence that I, the said Duncan Morrison, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Duncan
Morrison, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF ARTICLES WITH INTERNAL SCREWS, WHEN CAST IRON, MALLEABLE CAST
IRON, OR CAST BRASS IS EMPLOYED," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Duncan Morrison, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Duncan Morrison, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the manufacture of
articles with internal screws, when cast iron, malleable cast iron, or cast brass
is employed. For this purpose wrought-iron tubing is used, in which the
internal screw is by preference first formed, but the screw may, if desired, be
cut after the cast article has been made. The wrought-iron tube is placed in
the mould, and the melted cast iron or malleable cast iron or brass is run into
the mould, so as to become connected with the tube or tubes of wrought iron.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
The object of this Invention is to obtain hollow or internal screws of

page_text: wrought iron in articles of cast iron, malleable cast iron, and of cast brass, in
order thus to produce stronger screws in articles so made than if the screws
were made or tapped in holes drilled or formed in the mass of cast metal of
which the cast articles are composed. In carrying out my Invention, I prefer
to have the screws formed on the interior of wrought-iron tubes; the exterior
form, however, of the tubes is not essential, though ordinarily I use them of a
cylindrical external form.
I would remark that I am aware that it is not new to cast masses or articles
of cast iron and of other metals on to wrought iron, and the means of doing so
are well understood.
It is not essential that the screw should be first tapped or formed in the
interior of the tubular passage or hole in the piece of wrought iron which is
used, as the screw may be cut or tapped in the wrought iron after the casting
has been produced thercon. I however prefer to cut or form the screw in the
wrought iron before placing the wrought iron into the mould.
In making castings or articles of cast iron, or of malleable cast iron, or of
brass, I introduce into the mould the wrought iron in the position or positions
in which the same is or are required; and in cases where I use tubing, either
already screwed or otherwise, or other wrought iron, eithor screwed or prepared
with holes for screwing. Sand or other material when necessary is to be used
to prevent the passage of the fluid metal into the same.
In this manner may cast articles be made with internal or hollow screws,
and by reason of such screws being of wrought iron, they will offer moro
strength than when the requisite screws are formed in or through the articles
of cast iron, or of cast malleable iron, or of cast brass.
In witness whereof, I, the said Duncan Morrison, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
JOHN BEARDMORE,
of Balsall Heath, near Birmingham.
DN MORRISON. (L.B.)