IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING AND REGISTERING THE DEPTH AND FLOW OF LIQUIDS, AND THE DISTANCES RUN BY SHIPS AT SEA
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Walter Friend, of Freemantle, Southampton,
Watch and Clock Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR ASCERTAINING AND REGISTERING THE DEPTH AND FLOW OF LIQUIDS, AND
THE DISTANCES RUN BY SHIPS AT SEA."
Sealed the 10th June 1859, and dated the 16th December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Walter Friend
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th December 1858.
I, JOHN WALTER FRIEND, of Freemantle, Southampton, Watch and
Clock Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING AND REGISTERING THE DEPTH AND FLOW OF
LIQUIDS, AND THE DISTANCES RUN BY SHIPS AT SEA," to be as follows (that
is to say):-
My Invention having reference to improved apparatus for ascertaining and
registering the depth and flow of liquids, and the distances run by ships at
sea, consists in enclosing within an outer case suitable tangent tooth and
pinion gear in connection with a fan or paddle wheel, by which the resistance
caused by the water impinging upon the floats or paddles may be correctly
ascertained, and corresponding results registered by graduated wheel plates or
dials presenting the numeral or scale corresponding to the said resistance, for
the purposes of ascertaining the vertical resistance or depth of water at sea;

page_text: the speed or distance run by vessels through the water; or the amount of fluid
otherwise passed or discharged through the apparatus; the said apparatus
when employed for ascertaining the distance run by vessels being provided
with metallic wings or blades presented obliquely to the water, by which the
instrument is kept constantly submerged, and when used for registering the
flow of liquids furnished with concentric slot openings formed eccentrically in
the channel in which the fan or paddle-wheel revolves, through the medium
of which the water or otherwise is directed against the floats or paddles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Walter Friend in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WALTER FRIEND, of Freemantle, Southampton, Watch and Clock Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Walter Friend, Her special licence that I, the said John
Walter Friend, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Walter Friend, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING AND REGISTERING THE DEPTH AND
FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND THE DISTANCES RUN BY SHIPS AT SEA," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Walter Friend, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and 'cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
• NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Walter Friend, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, and the Drawings therein referred to (that is to say):-
My Invention having reference to improved apparatus for ascertaining and
registering the depth and flow of liquids, and the distances run by ships at
sca, consists in enclosing within an outer case suitable tangent tooth and
pinion gear in connection with a fan or paddle wheel, by which the resistance
caused by the water impinging upon the floats or paddles may be correctly
ascertained, and corresponding results registered by graduated wheel plates
or dials, presenting the numeral or scale corresponding to the said resistance,
for the purposes of ascertaining the vertical resistance or depth of water at
sea; the speed or distance run by vessels through the water; or the amount
of fluid otherwise passed or discharged through the apparatus; the said
apparatus when employed for ascertaining the distance run by vessels being
provided with metallic wings or blades presented obliquely to the water, by
which the instrument is kept constantly submerged, and when used for
registering the flow of liquids furnished with concentric slot openings formed
eccentrically in the channel in which the fan or paddle-wheel revolves, through
the medium of which the water or otherwise is directed against the floats or
paddles.
But in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I now proceed to describe it by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters and figures thereon
marked (that is to say) :-
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of my improved deep sea lead, or
apparatus for ascertaining and registering the depth of liquids; Fig. 2, a
vertical section taken through the case showing the internal mechanism;
Fig. 3, a transverse section of the same; Fig. 4, a top or plan view of my
mproved water meter for ascertaining and registering the flow of liquids;
Fig. 5, a corresponding view with the surface plate removed; Fig. 6, a
orizontal section taken transversely through the dotted line 1, 1;. Fig. 7, a
ertical section through the dotted line 2, 2; Fig. 8, a side elevation of my
mproved log or apparatus for ascertaining and registering the distances run by
bips at sea; Fig. 9, a top or plan view showing the graduated dial plate and
and; and Fig. 10, a corresponding view with the dial plate, cover, and wing
lates removed. In each Figure the same letters of reference denote similar
orresponding parts.
A, A, outer case or cover enclosing the works; B, B, inlet way or opening
r admitting water to the instrument; C, C, outlet opening through which
e same is emitted; D, D, graduated dial or index plates for registering the

page_text: result or action of the apparatus through the intervention of the motive
wheel or flier E, E, and intermediate tangent tooth and pinion gearing F, F;
G, G, concentric channels or passages for conveying the water to the motive
wheel or flier, and causing the same to rotate as indicated by the arrows;
HI, H, metallic wing plates secured obliquely on each side of the case, in such
manner as to keep the instrument in its submerged position when in action;
I, I, ring or pendant for attaching the apparatus from the stern or otherwise
of a vessel-through the medium of a chain or cord; J, J, lead and frame
secured to the apparatus for sinking the same; K, K, valve for regulating
the supply of water from the main to the apparatus for ascertaining and
registering the flow of liquids; L, L, index hand which can be set as
*required.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this my said In-
vention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into
effect, I would have it clearly understood, that I do not intend to confine
myself to the precise details herein-before described, as the apparatus may
receive such modifications in the general arrangement or disposition of the
several parts, or the form and dimensions of the case or cover in which the
same are enclosed as are applicable to the various purposes for which they
are intended or employed; or the same may be otherwise varied without
departing from the general principle of this my said Invention; but that
which I do claim as new and of my said Invention is, the general mechanical
arrangement or combination of the several parts in. connection with the
'employment of revolving graduated dial or index plates in the manner and
for the purposes herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Walter Friend, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
JOHN WALTER FRIEND. (L.S.)