Improvements in Lock Nuts.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1899--Accepted, 15th July, 1899
[Communicated from abroad by RICHARDSON LOCK NUT COMPANY, of Buffalo
Erie County, in the State of New York, United States of America,
Manufacturers.]
Improvements in Lock Nuts.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to a nut lock or lock nut comprising two connected
sections each of which has an internal screw thread which is axially out of line
with the thread of the other section, so that upon screwing this nut upon a screw
bolt the sections thereof will be strained laterally and caused to clamp against
opposite sides of the bolt for holding the nut against displacement on the
bolt.
A nut lock composed of two connected sections which are off set laterally so
as to bring the screw threads in the sections axially out of line has been heretofore
constructed but this off setting of the sections in the nut renders the appearance
of the nut unsightly and it also prevents a wrench from being applied squarely
thereto for turning the nut on the bolt in tightening or loosening the nut.
The object of this invention is the production of a lock nut of this character
in which the screw threads in the two nut sections are axially out of line but in
which the sections are not offset, but are flush on all sides so as to have the same
appearance as the screw nuts now in use.
Referring to the accompanying drawing:
Figure is a perspective view of a bar from which a number of my improved
lock nuts are made.
Figure 2 is a similar view showing the bar folded and divided into nut blanks
and each nut blank provided with a central opening or perforation.
Figure 3 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, of one of the perforated
nut blanks, the section being taken in line A-A, Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a top plan view of the same.
Figure is a vertical section similar to Figure 3, showing the two per-
forated sections of the lock nut offset and internal screw threads cut con-
tinuously through both sections so that the threads in both sections are axially
in line.
Figure 6 is a top plan of the same.
Figure is a horizontal section in line B-1, Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a vertical section. similar to Figure 3, of the finished lock nut
showing the sections of the nut flush or in line, while the screw threads in the
sections are axially out of line.
Figure 9 is a top plan view of the same.
Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
Th
unt lank from which my improved lock nut is made is shown in

page_text: Figures 2, 3 and 4, and consists of two centrally perforated sections ab which fit
against each other so that their outer sides are Hush and their perforations are
axially in line and which are connected on one side of the perforations by a web c.
A number of these blanks are preferably formed out of a flat bar d which is shown
in Figure 1 and which is provided with bevelled longitudinal edges e and two
longitudinal ribs f f arranged equidistant on opposite sides of the longitudinal
centre line X-X of the blank. The bar is folded along the centre line so that
the two longitudinal sections or halves lie one on top of the other and are
connected on one side by a web. The bevelled edges and the ribs of the bar
supply the necessary metal for producing full corners when the bar is folded.
After the bar is folded the same is drilled transversely at intervals so as to form
openings in the upper and lower sections of the bar and then the latter is
cut transversely at intervals between the openings to divide the bar into nut
blanks having the herein before described form.
The upper and lower sections of each nut blank are next twisted laterally, one
upon the other, so that the sides of the sections are offset from each other and the
opening in one section is axially out of line with the opening in
the other section, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the axes ΟΙ centres of
the openings in the upper and lower sections being indicated by broken lines CD),
respectively, in Figure 5. An internal screw thread is next formed in the blank
by running a screw threading tool or tap successively through the sections of the
blank so that the thread in one section forms a continuation of the thread
in the other section, as shown in Figure 5. During the operation
of threading the blank sections the axis of the tap stands between the
axis of the upper and lower nut sections, as shown by the full line E, Figure 5.
This causes the tap in passing through the opening of the first section to cut
the thread eccentrically therein, thereby producing a thread which is deeper on
one side than on the other side, and as the tap passes through the opening of the
second section it also cuts the thread eccentrically in the latter and produces a
thread which is deep on one side and shallow on the other side, as shown in
Figure 5.
By arranging the axis of the tap between the axes of the section openings the
deep and shallow sides of the thread in the first section are arranged reversely
to the deep and shallow sides of the thread in the other section, in other words,
the deep portion of the thread in one section and the shallow portion of the
thread in the other section are on the same side of the nut blank. The two sections
of the nut are next untwisted or shifted back transversely, so that the outer sides
of the sections are flush again and the axes of the openings in the sections are in
line, whereby the axes of the screw threads in the sections are shifted out of line
or on opposite sides of the axes of the openings in the sections, as shown in
Figure 8 thereby completing the lock nut.
In applying the lock nut to a screw bolt the first section of the nut screws
comparatively easy upon the bolt but the second section screws very hard upon the
bolt because the bolt as it enters the second section must deflect the same slightly
in order to engage with the thread thereof, thereby producing a strain or tension
upon the web connecting the sections which causes them to firmly grip or clamp
opposite sides of the bolt and hold the nut against displacement on the bolt. The
deflection of the nut sections with reference to each other upon applying the nut
to a bolt is so slight as to be imperceptible which permits the nut to be finished
and used in high grade machine construction where sightliness is a consideration
and it also permits of applying a wrench squarely to the nut, thereby preventing
burring of the corners of the nut. The off-set of the nut sections, preparatory to
tapping the same, is very small in practice but is shown exaggerated in Figures 5
and 6 for the purpose of clearly illustrating the same.
If desired the screw thread may be cut eccentrically in only one of the sections 5
while the thread is cut concentrically in the other section, whereby the same result
is produced.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. A nut consisting of two overlying connected sections having their outer faces
flush with each other, and having internal screw threads which have their axes
arranged parallel and laterally out of line.
2. A nut consisting of two overlying connected sections which have their outer
sides arranged flush with each other, each section having a perforation which is
axially in line with the perforation in the other section and each section having a
screw thread which is eccentric to the perforation therein and also eccentric with
reference to the screw thread of the other section.
Dated this 15th day of June 1899.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.