Improvements in Filters.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1856-Accepted, 27th June, 1896
Improvements in Filters.
A communication by EDWARD JOTHAM DURANT, of Pasadena, in the County of
Los Angeles and State of California, Inventor, and ADOLPH SCHARFF, of
South Pasadena, in the same County and State, Orchardist and Nurseryman,
both in the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, 118 New Street, Birmingham in
the County of Warwick and 322 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to portable filters which are adapted to be screwed upon a
water supply faucet to filter the water as it comes from the service pipe; but it is
also applicable for filters comprising a filtering vessel proper, to which the invention
may be applied as an adjunct.
The object of the invention is to provide a superior filter of this character which,
while being of very simple construction, is provided with different filtering
substances of different grades of fineness arranged in proper succession, and which
filter can be easily, readily and thoroughly cleansed of impurities.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.
Fig. 1 is a vertical mid-section showing the application of the invention as an
adjunct for a vessel provided with filtering substances. The improvement is shown
intact.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal mid-section of the invention as applied in a device for
attachment to a faucet.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the faucet filter attached to a faucet. The case
is broken to expose the filtering jacket.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the tubular holder for the filtering material. It
is partly broken to show the structure.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section on line indicated by 5-5, Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 indicates a vertical mid-section of another form for use in an outlet from
a vessel provided with filtering material.
The invention comprises a new combination in a filter; a hollow permeable
holder A and a jacket B formed of a tube of a fabric of suitable filtering material
fitted upon the outside of the holder. This combination is used in various ways
bereinafter described, so as to cause the water or other liquid which is to be
filtered to pass through the jacket and permeable holder either from the outside
into the holder and thence out at the end of the holder or from the inside of the
holder outward through the jacket. This tubular jacket is adapted to be
conveniently removed for cleaning and can easily be replaced.
It also comprises the combination of the hollow permeable holder having a
series of compartments for holding filtering material; the filtering jacket B fitted
around the holder; filtering material arranged in the several compartments; and
means for introducing the liquid to be filtered into one of the compartments and
means for causing it to pass to another or other compartments and find its way
through the filtering jacket in its passage through the filter.

page_text: It also comprises the particular form of filtering material holder herein shown
and the combination of the several elements which go to make up the filter.
The holder for the jacket and filtering material which is shown in Figs. 2, 4
and 5 is composed of an outer open ended tube of perforated sheet metal; an
impermeable partition a¹ arranged across the tube between its ends; one or more
inner tubes all all arranged within the outer tube so that the partition a' and the
tubes a al and the outer tube constitutes a holder for filtering material provided
with a series of compartments into which the filtering material may be packed and
at the same time the holder is adapted to hold the filtering jacket B in position for
filtering the liquid which passes out through the walls of the holder or in through
such walls. The tubes are preferably cylindrical, but may be of square or other
cross-section if desired. The outer tube is perforated and the part which is on the
side of the partition next to the inlet 4 has larger perforations than the part which
is on the side of the partition next to outlet 4.
C indicates an impermeable outer case to fit upon and contain the holder with
its jacket. The tube of filtering fabric is fitted upon the outside of the perforated
tube and is fitted into the outer or containing case, and, contacting with the walls
of such case, forms a permeable closure of the passage around the impermeable
portion and between the permeable tube and the containing case so that the liquid,
in passing through the filter, must pass through the jacket lengthwise of its fabric,
as distinguished from merely passing through from side to side thereof. c and c
indicate caps screwed on to the opposite ends of the case C and provided with
screw-threaded sockets 1, 2 which can be screwed upon the hose bib D through
which the water is drawn from the service pipe. 3 3 indicate perforated plates or
strainers arranged in the caps and secured by washers 13 or other suitable means.
These are designed to strain the coarsest impurities from the water before it
reaches the interior of the filter. They also serve to retain any filtering material
which might come out through the passages 4 and 4'. The inlet and outlet 4 4' of
the caps communicate respectively with the innermost compartments 5 5 of the
holder so that the liquid which enters through the cap e will first come into the
compartment 5 and will thence pass outward through the compartment 6, and
thence into the jacket B which is contained in the compartment 7 which surrounds
the holder within the containing case C. Thence the water will pass into
compartment 6', and thence into the compartment 5', and thence out through the
passage 41.
The jacket B is preferably made of a tube of woven asbestos, but a jacket of
other filtering substance may be used without departing from the spirit of the
invention. Asbestos cloth is considered superior for use for the jacket because it
can be purified by fire without being destroyed, thus affording perfect means for
destroying the microbes and other impurities which may find lodgment therein.
E E indicate packings of rubber or other suitable material arranged in the caps
whereby the caps are fitted water-tight against the ends of the tubes a all all to
prevent the liquid from flowing into the outer compartments without passing
through the filtering material. The several compartments 5, 6, 6' and 5' are filled
with filtering material F, Fff of different characters and grades of fineness.
A very suitable material for filtering the inlet compartment 5 is sponge as shown
at F for catching the coarser impurities which enter the filter and a very suitable
material for the compartment 6 is asbestos fiber. The material in compartments 6'
and 5' may be more rompact. The material F in compartment 5' may be fine
charcoal or sand. It is to be understood that any suitable material may be used
in these several compartments.
In Fig. 1, G indicates a vessel containing filtering material H. I indicates a
tubular outlet on which the socket of the cap c is secured. J indicates a vessel
into which the water drips.
In Fig. 6, G' indicates a vessel provided with filtering material H¹. I' indicates
an internally screw-threaded tube in the bottom of the vessel from which the
faucet K which is screwed into the tube I leads. A' indicates the filter holder

page_text: which is capped over the top with an impermeable cap 8.
9 and 10 respectively
indicate permeable tubes fastened to the cap 8. The jacket B', similar to jacket B,
is fitted upon the outer tube 9; and filtering material 11 and 12 is placed in the
interior compartments.
The practical operation of the form of the invention shown in Figs. 2 and 3
when fastened on the bib as shown in Fig. 3 is as follows:-The water from the
hose bib D will flow through the inlet 4 into the chamber 5 and thence laterally to
the jacket and then will flow along the length of the jacket until it passes the
partition a'; then it flows laterally through the filtering compartment 6' into the
compartment 5' and then out through the outlet 4¹.
To thoroughly cleanse the filter it may be removed from the faucet or bib and
the caps unscrewed. Then the filtering material can be removed, the holder can
be withdrawn from the case, and the jacket from the holder. If the jacket is
woven of asbestos it can be put into fire and all impurities burned; and it can also
be washed. If the jacket is made of combustible naterial it will simply be
washed.
The other filtering material can be washed or otherwise cleansed, or it may be.
replaced with fresh material.
In the form shown in Fig. 1 the water will flow down through the filtering
material and then through the perforated cap and tube I and then through the
filter in the manner just described. This form is designed for water containing
alge or other coarse impurities.
In the form shown in Fig. 6 the water will flow through the filtering material H',
through the jacket B¹ and the permeable holder and the filtering material therein
and thence out through the faucet K¹.
The filter shown in Figs. 2 and 3 is peculiarly adapted for rinsing by reversing
the filter upon the bib. When the cap c' is screwed upon the bib and the water
turned through the filter the impurities contained in the filter are easily washed
out for the reason that as the water passes through the filter it comes to more and
more open material and the impurities which have lodged, from water going
through the filter in the other direction, are easily washed out at the larger
openings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A portable filter comprising an open ended perforated tube provided with an
impermeable partition between its ends; a containing case; a removable tube of
fabric of suitable filtering material fitted upon the outside of the perforated tube,
and fitted into the containing case and contacting with the walls of the case; and
the caps respectively provided with an inlet and an outlet and removably fastened
to the ends of the case substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination of the holder comprising a permeable open ended tube and
an impermeable partition between the ends of such tube; filtering material in the
tube; a jacket of filtering material fitted upon the permeable tube; the case fitted
upon such jacket; and the caps fitted on the ends of the case against the ends of
the tube and against the said filtering material, and provided with a centrally
arranged inlet and outlet, substantially as set forth.
3. The filter set forth, comprising the hollow permeable holder having a series
of compartments for holding filtering material; the filtering jacket fitted around
the holder; filtering material arranged in the several compartments; and means
for introducing the liquid to be filtered into one of the compartments and means
for causing it to pass to another or other compartments and find its way through
the filtering jacket in its passage through the filter.
4. The combination of the holder composed of outer and inner permeable tubes
and an impermeabie partition arranged across the tubes between the ends of the
holder so that the partition and the tubes constitute a holder having several

page_text: compartments; filtering material arranged in the compartments; a jacket of
filtering material fitted around the holder; a case fitted upon such jacket; and
caps for the ends of the case, provided respectively with the inlet and outlet
passages.
5. The filter set forth comprising the perforated tube having the partition
between its ends and having the perforations on one side of the partition larger
than those on the other side of the partition; the filtering jacket fitted around the
tube; the case enclosing the jacket; the caps on the ends of the case and
provided with the inlet and outlet, respectively; and filtering material within
the tube.
3000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.