Improvements in Shearing Mechanism for Clipping Human or Animal Hair or Wool.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shearing Mechanism for Clipping Human or
Animal Hair or Wool.
I, JOHN JACOB TOWER of 340 Clinton Street, Brooklyn, State of New York,
U.S.A., Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to shearing mechanism for clipping human or animal hair
or wool, and the chief object of said invention is to effect a double stroke of the
reciprocating cutter plate upon the comb plate of the shearing device, for each
single stroke of the handles.
The invention consists in certain novel instrumentalities for attaining the said
object, such as hereinafter described and claimed, and also in certain improved
details of construction for facilitating the putting together and adjustment of the
implement.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures:
Figure 1, is a plan view with the casing partly removed, of a horse clipper con-
structed according to one form of the invention;
Figure 2, a section of Figure 1, taken on the line x-x;
Figure 3, a plan view, with the casing partly in section, of a horse clipper
constructed according to a modification of the invention;
Figure 4, a sectional view taken on the line y-y, Figure 3 ;
Figure 5, a plan view, partly in section, showing a further modification, applied
to a horse clipper;
Figures 6 and 7, detail views of the toggle arms in Figure 5, showing different.
positions thereof;
Figure 8, a cross-section on the line 2-2, Figure 5 ;
Figure 9, a plan view, partly in section on the line '-', Figure 10, showing a
further modification applied to a clipper for human hair; and
Figure 10, a sectional view taken on the line y-y¹, Figure 9.
In Figures 1 and 2; A, is the fixed handle; B, the movable handle. The comb
plate C, is attached in any suitable manner to the fixed handle A, and the cutter
plate D, is movably mounted on the comb plate C, and guided by means of studs a,
in its slots a¹ having rollers. The cap plate E, secured and adjusted toward the
comb plate C, by means of a clamping screw F, serves to preserve the proper
shearing contact of the teeth b, of the cutter plate D, with the teeth c, of the comb
plate C. A toggle arm G, is pivoted upon a stationary stud d, fastened to the comb
plate C, and is jointed at f, to another toggle arm H, pivoted to the cutter plate by
a stud e. To the central joint f, is connected a link 1, extending from the
arm J, of the movable handle B. When the handle B is reciprocated to the
extremities of its strokes, from the intermediate position shown, the toggle arms
occupy the different angles indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1, so that each.
time the handle B, is moved to its inward or outward limit toward or from.
the handle A, the cutter plate D, occupies an extreme position to the left, and
each time the handle B, passes through the said intermediate position shown,.
the cutter plate D, occupies an extreme position to the right of its stroke..
For one motion of the handle B, two motions of the cutter plate D, are thereby
acquired.
In Figures 3 and 4, the link I, is connected to the extended outer extremity g¹³,.
of the toggle arm G, which is pivoted between its ends upon the stationary

page_text: stud 'd, and said stud d, is fastened to the cap plate E, instead of the comb
plate C; the operation thereby effected is similar to that before described.
The fixed handle A, is in the instance of Figures 3 and 4, attached to the cap
plate E.
In Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, the toggle arm G, is pivoted upon a stationary stud d,
mounted in the cap plate E. The other toggle arm H, is pivoted to the cutter
plate, D, at e; said arms being jointed together at f, as before. The arm G, is
provided with a segment G₁, having a radial slot k, in which plays a single tooth j,
on the segment B' of the handle B. Double motions are effected as described in
The
Figure 1, and, shoulders i, i, on the segment B', serve to limit the movement.
point of contact of the circular tooth j, in the slot of the segment G', occurs at
variable radial distances 1-2; 1-3; from the centre of said segment G¹,
according to the angular positions of the toggles, equalizing the lineal speed of the
'cutter plate D, at all positions of reciprocation.
In Figures 9 and 10, the toggle arm G, is pivoted upon a stud d, fastened to
the cap plate E; the toggle arm H, is pivoted to the cutter plate D, and the said
toggle arm G, is provided with a toothed segment G having a series of teeth m,
with which gear teeth n, upon the segment B of the handle B, intermesh,
'producing the double stroke. The fixed handle A, is attached to the cap plate E,
and 'the latter is adjustably held toward the comb plate C, and cutter plate D, by
means of the clamping screw F. A hub p, projected from the cap plate E, forms a
support for a coiled spring K, one extremity of which rests upon the end of an
adjustable tension screw tangential to the circle of the said spring, and the
other extremity of the spring bears upon the movable handle B, to return it
outwardly when the compression of the fingers is released in the performance of
cutting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
'claim is: .
1. The combination with the comb plate and cutter plate, of toggle arms
connected together and one end of one toggle arm pivoted upon a stationary stud,
and the other end of the other arm pivoted to the cutter plate, a movable handle,
and a link therefrom to the central joint of the toggles, substantially as
specified.
2. The combination in a shearing clipper, of a comb plate, a cutter plate, studs
permanently connected to the comb plate and passing through slots in the cutter
plate, toggle arms pivotally connected together and at one end pivoted to the cutter
plate and at the other end to one of the studs on the comb plate, and mechanism
substantially as specified for acting upon the toggle arms to reciprocate the cutter
plate, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination in a shearing clipper, of a comb plate, a reciprocating cutter
plate, studs screwed into the comb plate and rollers around the said studs and
within slots in the cutter plate, and mechanism for reciprocating the cutter plate,
substantially as set forth.
4. In an animal shear, the combination of a suitable shearing device, comprising
a comb-plate, a movable cutter-plate thereon, means for holding the tool, a
movable handle, toggle arms pivotally jointed together at their adjacent ends, the
outer end of one said arm pivoted to the cutter plate, the other said arm pivoted
between its ends to the frame of the implement, and at the outer extremity of said
arm which is pivoted to the frame of the implement, a connecting link pivoted
thereto and to the said movable handle, substantially as specified.
5. In an animal shear, the combination of a suitable shearing device, comprising
'a comb plate, a.movable cutter plate thereon, means for limiting the thrust of the
cutter plate, means for holding the tool, a movable handle pivoted to the frame of
'the tool, toggle arms pivotally jointed together at their adjacent ends, the opposite
end of one said arm pivoted to the cutter plate the opposite end of the other said

page_text: arm pivoted to the frame of the implement, and upon the toggle arm thus pivoted
to the frame of the implement a radially slotted segment concentric with its fixed
pivot, and upon the said movable handle a segment bearing a projection adapted to
play in the slot of said segment of the toggle arm and to transmit motion at
variable radii therein substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6. The combination in an animal shear, with the comb plate, the reciprocating
cutter-plate, and the toggle joint mechanism such as described, of a radially slotted
segment upon one member of the toggle, a movable handle pivoted to the frame
of the tool, having a segment bearing a round projection adapted to play in the
slot of said segment of the toggle arm, and shoulders upon one of said segments
adapted to abut on the other of said segments and limit the movement of the
mechanism.
7. In a shearing clipper, the combination of a comb plate, a movable cutter
plate, toggle arms pivotally connected together, and at one end pivoted to the
cutter plate, and at the other end to a stationary stud, and bearing a toothed
segment concentric with said stud, and a pivoted handle bearing a segment
concentric with its pivot engaging with said pivoted segment of the toggle arms.
8. In a shearing clipper, the combination with a suitable tool-frame, a shearing
device, a pivoted handle, having its pivot at one side of the frame of the tool and
means for imparting motion therefrom to the said shearing device, of a coiled
spring for returning the handle in one direction after being moved in another,
located upon a support within the frame removed from the pivot of said handle, and
intermediately of the frame.
9. In a shearing clipper the combination with a shearing device, and a pivoted
handle or lever, having its pivot at one side of the frame of the tool, and means
for imparting motion therefrom to the said shearing device, of a coiled spring,
located on a support intermediately of the tool frame, bearing at one extremity
upon said handle, and at the other extremity of said spring a tangential tension
screw arranged substantially as and for the purposes described.
10. In a shearing clipper, the combination of a comb plate, a movable cutter
plate, a suitable housing, toggle arms pivotally connected together, and at one end
pivoted to the cutter plate, and at the other end to the stationary stud in the frame
of the tool, and bearing a pivoted segment concentric with said stud, a pivoted
handle bearing a segment concentric with its pivot, which is located within one
side of the housing, as shown, and within the central part of said housing a coiled
tension spring for the said movable handle, having its coils located upon a support.
removed from the pivot of said handle, substantially as herein described.
11. In a shearing clipper, the combination with a comb plate, a movable cutter
plate, the toggle arm mechanism, substantially as described, the movable handle the
pivoted segmental connection between the toggle arms and the handle, the pivot of
Baid handle, being located at one side of the frame of the tool, a coiled spring
intermediately located in the frame of the tool, and at the side of said frame
opposite the pivot of said movable handle, an adjustable tension screw for said
spring, arranged as herein set forth.
Dated this 20th day of November 1893.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.