CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JOHNSON, of Farnworth, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twentieth day of November, in the ninth year of Her reign, and
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William
Johnson, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said William Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said William Johnson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
FOR SPINNING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said William Johnson, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent.
as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, wil more fully and at
large annear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Johnson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and in the following
explanation thereof (that is to say):-
These Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for preparing Cotton and
other Fibrous Substances for Spinning apply to those machines commonly
called "scutchers" or "lap machines," which are employed for the purpose
of clearing the cotton or other fibrous substances from dirt and other extra-
neous matter, and forming the same into a lap or sheet preparatory to its
being submitted to the operation of the carding engine, the object of this
Invention being to condense the fibres of cotton so as to make a much more
solid sheet, and to be enabled to-put a much greater length of cotton or other
fibrous material upon a "lap" of the same circumference. But in order
more clearly to illustrate the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into practical effect, I have attached to these Presents
a Drawing made to a scale of about one inch and a half to the foot, and
representing a side elevation and longitudinal section of an ordinary "scutcher"
or "lap machine," with my improvements applied thereto, similar letters of
reference being placed upon corresponding parts of the mechanism in both

page_text: roller m, upon which it is wound or "lapped" by friction of contact with the
fluted rollers n, n. My Invention consists in placing an additional pair
of calendering rollers o, o, (or more if required,) above the rollers n, n, and
passing the cotton between them, whereby a much greater pressure is obtained,
and consequently a much firmer and more compact sheet or "lap" produced,
by which means I am enabled to put a much greater quantity of cotton or
other fibrous material than usual upon a lap of the same diameter.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Johnson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.