IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY MOTORS AND PUMPS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills, of the Firm of
Harris and Mills, of 23, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROTARY MOTORS AND PUMPS."-A communication from abroad by
Jesse Head Teal, of Edgefield, in the County of Davidson, and State
of Tennessee. in the United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Joseph
Barnard Mills at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 24th November 1874.
I, BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and
Mills, of 23, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY MOTORS AND PUMPS," a communication to me
from abroad by Jesse Head Teal, of Edgefield, in the County of

page_text: Davidson, and State of Tennessee, in the United States of America, to
be as follows:-
For this purpose two eccentrics are attached to the main shaft, and
revolve with it in two separate cylinders. The eccentrics are fixed on
the main shaft so as to balance cach other and produce an even motion
as they revolve. Two cylindrical piston slide valves are employed, and
a reciprocal movement is established between them by means of a beam
and connecting rods. Steam admitted at either of the ports will pass down
the nearest of the passages as soon as the cylindrical slide valve in which
they are formed is lowered sufficiently to bring their mouths opposite
their respective ports, and after acting in the cylinder to propel the
cccentric the steam will begin to escape through the opposite passage
and port at the moment that a fresh supply is entering the cylinder
through the other. Either of the ports can be used for induction or
eduction by furnishing them with suitable reversing apparatus. The
cylindrical slide valves rise and fall with the eccentrics, with the
peripheries of which a rib on the under side of each of them is in con-
tact, and they act not only as slide valves for the admission and emission
of steam, as described, but also as partitions to divide the steam space
in the cylinders and to resist the reactionary force of the steam exerted
when driving the eccentrics.
When using one of the cylindrical slide valves independently in a
single cylinder motor, and not as above described coupled to another by
a beam, a projecting hook is formed on each of the two opposite sides of
the lower extremity of the cylindrical slide valve. Each of the two
projecting hooks runs in corresponding grooves formed to receive it in
the inside of the cylindrical steam chest. These hooks are made to hook
into the space left between the solid part of the eccentric and the ring
which surrounds it, thus coupling the cylindrical slide valve and the
eccentric together. In such cases the cylindrical slide valve is forced
down by spring power from above, sufficient to equalize the pressure of
the steam by which it is raised.
When using the cylindrical slide valves connected by a beam, as
above described, they are made without projecting side hooks on their
lower extremities.
Each cylindrical slide valve is surrounded with an outer case or
oylinder into which it exactly fits. This outer case or cylinder is

page_text: between the ports and the passages in the slide valve, and its use is to
act as a regulator of the quantity of steam intended to pass to and
from the cylindrical slide valve which it encloses, and also to vary the
point at which steam may be cut off. This piece is called a cylindrical
regulator. It is carried up and down by and with the cylindrical slide
valve, and is provided with any number of holes through its sides for the
passage of steam. These holes are arranged in pairs, and the centre
of every hole is on one horizontal line drawn round the cylindrical
regulator.
Each pair of holes differ in vertical depth of opening to every other
pair, but they all correspond in horizontal width, and the two holes in
cach pair are alike and are placed opposite to cach other.
Thus by
simply turning the cylindrical regulator partly round various corre-
sponding pairs of opposite holes are intervened between the ports and
the passages in the slide valves, and the vertical depth of each pair
of holes so intervened will determine the point at which steam is
cut off.
The cylindrical regulator is formed with as many vertical flanges on
its outer surface as there are openings, and cach flange is placed mid-
way between every two openings. Each of these flanges runs in a cor-
responding groove in the inside of the steam chest.
By lifting the cylindrical regulator sufficiently high to take it's flanges
out of their grooves it can be partly turned and replaced, thus bringing
such holes in its sides as may be desired between the ports and the
5 passages in the slide valves for the purpose of regulating.
In some instances the motor is constructed with ordinary slide valves
instead of those described, in which cases the slide valves are operated
in a common steam chest direct from the main shaft by a worm wheel,
eccentric, or cam.
) Each eccentric is provided with a circle or rim, leaving a small space
between them to admit the hooks, as described, and also as a means of
compensating for wear. For this purpose an adjusting screw is used.
By taking out a plug in the cylinder and turning the main shaft till the
head of the adjusting screw is opposite to a hole left by the plug, a
square wrench can be inserted into a square socket hole in the head of
the screw, and by unscrewing it its collar under the ring will overcome.

page_text: the resistance of a spring and cause the ring to advance close to the
wall of the cylinder, thus readily compensating for wear.
In some cases it is preferred to use oval eccentrics instead of circular
ones.
Compensation for wear at the sides of the eccentrics is obtained by
means of discs of metal between the eccentrics and the cylinder covers.
These discs can be advanced nearer to the eccentrics by means of set
screws in the cylinder covers as wear takes place. In the upper half of
cach disc is cut a vertical slot corresponding with and forming a con-
tinuation of those grooves in the steam chest which are immediately
above them.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th May 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
JOSEPII BARNARD MILLS, of the Firm of Harris and Mills, of 23,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
čessors, give and grant unto me, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard
Mills, Her. special license that I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard
Mills, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Benjamin Joseph Burnard Mills, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY
MOTORS AND FUMPS," a communication to me from abroad by Jesse Head
Teal, of Edgefield, in the County of Davidson, and State of Tennessee,

page_text: they act not only as slide valves for the admission and emission of
steam, as described, but also as partitions to divide the steam space in
the cylinders and to resist the reactionary force of the steam exerted
when driving the eccentrics.
When using one of the cylindrical slide valves C, C, independently in
a single cylinder motor, and not coupled to another by a beam, as
represented in Figure 1, a projecting hook is formed on each of the two
opposite sides of the lower extremity of the cylindrical slide valve.
Each of the two projecting hooks runs in corresponding grooves formed
to receive it in the inside of the cylindrical steam chest. These hooks
are made to hook into the space left between the solid part of the
eccentric and the ring which surrounds it, thus coupling the cylindrical
slide valve and the eccentric together, as shown at Figure 1. In such
cases the cylindrical slido valve is forced down by spring power from
above, sufficient to equalize the pressure of the steam by which it is
raised.
When using the cylindrical slide valves C, C, connected by a beam,
as in Figure 1, they are made without projecting side hooks on their
lower extremities.
Each cylindrical slide valve is surrounded with an outer case or
cylinder, into which it exactly fits. This outer case or cylinder is shewn
in Figure 2, between the ports G, G, and the passages H, H, and its use
is to act as a regulator of the quantity of steam intended to pass to and
from the cylindrical slide valve, which it encloses, and also to vary the
point at which steam may be cut off. This piece the Inventor names a
cylindrical regulator. It is carried up and down by and with the
cylindrical slide valve, and is provided with any number of holes
through its sides for the passage of steam. These holes are arranged in
pairs, and the centre of every hole is on one horizontal line drawn round
the cylindrical regulator.
Each pair of holes differs in vertical depth of opening to every other
pair, but they all correspond in horizontal width, and the two holes in
cach pair are alike and are placed opposite to each other. Thus by simply
turning the cylindrical regulator partly round various corresponding
pairs of opposite holes are intervened between the ports G, G, and the
passages H, H, and the vertical depth of each pair of holes so inter-
vened will determine the point at which steam is cut off.

page_text: The cylindrical regulator is formed with as many vertical flanges on
its outer surface as there are openings, and each flange is placed midway
between every two openings. Each of these flanges runs in a corre-
sponding groove in the inside of the steam chest.
By lifting the cylindrical regulator sufficiently high to take its flanges
out of their grooves it can be partly turned and replaced, thus bringing
such holes in its sides as may be desired between the ports G, G, and
the passages H, H, (Figure 2) for the purpose of regulating.
In some instances the motor is constructed with ordinary slide valves
instead of those described, in which cases the slide valves are operated in
a common steam chest direct from the main shaft by the worm wheel,
eccentric, or cam I, as shewn at Figure 1.
Each eccentric A is provided with a circle or rim leaving a small space
between them to admit the hooks, as described, and also as a means of
compensating for wear. For this purpose an adjusting screw J is used,
applied as shown at Figure 1. By taking out the plug K in the cylinder
(Figure 2) and turning the main shaft till the head of the adjusting
screw J is opposite to the hole left by the plug K, a square wrench can
be inserted into the square socket hole in the head of the screw J, and
by unscrewing it its collar under the ring will overcome the resistance of
the spring L (Figure 1) and cause the ring to advance close to the wall
of the cylinder, thus readily compensating for wear.
In some cases it is preferred to use oval eccentrics arranged in either
of the forms, as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 2, instead of the
circular one, also there shown.
Compensation for wear at the sides of the eccentrics is obtained by
means of discs of metal between the eccentrics and the cylinder covers,
as shown in Figure 1. These discs can be advanced nearer to the
eccentrics by means of set screws in the cylinder covers as wear takes
place. In the upper half of each disc is cut a vertical slot corre-
sponding with and forming a continuation of those grooves in the steam
chest which are immediately above them.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the mode
in which the same is carried into effect, I would have it understood, that
what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
First. The combination of a cylindrical piston slide valve used as a

page_text: partition with ports and passages for the admission and emission of steam,
air, or fluid, substantially as described.
Second. The cylindrical regulator, as and for the purpose described.
Third. The compensating ring on the eccentric controlled by the screw
and spring.
Fourth. An oval form of eccentric, as described.
Fifth. The vertical projecting looks on the lower extremity of the
cylindrical slide valve for coupling with the eccentric.
And, Sixth. The worm wheel I on the main shaft to drive valves
direct, as specified.
-
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five.