Improvements in Direct Acting Steam Pumping Engines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Feb., 1891--Accepted, 18th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Direct Acting Steam Pumping Engines.
1, ARTHUR EDWIN TREVILLION LEES, of 44, Sugden Road, in the County of
Surrey, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in duplex compound or multi cylinder
direct-acting receiver steam pumping engines and has for its object the more
economical use of high steam pressures by carrying out more efficiently the principle
of stage expansion by means of certain steam cylinder combinations and arrange-
ments.
In compound direct-acting duplex receiver pumping engines that have been
proposed, that is, pumping engines in which there is a high pressure alongside a low
pressure cylinder with the steam distribution valve of the former actuated by the
motion of the latter and vice versa, the steam after doing its work in the first
cylinder crosses over from the high pressure side to the low pressure side through a
receiver into the second cylinder.
This crossing of the working steam from one side to the other is a very wasteful
arrangement as owing to the relative movements of the pistons and the distribution
valves a considerable amount of steam is unavoidably lost by being exhausted from
the high pressure cylinder into the low pressure during the pause of the latter's
piston at the end of its stroke, from whence the steam passes into the atmosphere
or condenser without doing useful work, while at the same time it is impossible to
efficiently control or regulate the steam pressures in the high and low pressure
cylinders respectively so as to equalise the work done by each side on the
pump rods.
According to my invention a duplex pumping engine is constructed having two
or more cylinders arranged in line on one side in which the steam is first continuously
expanded and then crosses from that side to the other where it again expands con-
tinuously into the corresponding number of cylinders before being exhausted into
the atmosphere or condenser. With this combination only one crossing over of
the working steam is necessary no matter how many cylinders there may be
employed to carry out the number of expansions required to be made.
The loss due to this one crossing of the steam from one side to the other before
referred to is obviated owing to 'the small amount of expansion required to be made
between the last cylinder, on the high pressure side and the first cylinder on the
low pressure side, while at the same time any unnecessary steam which escapes
without doing work through the latter cylinder is again caught and usefully
employed in passing through the last one or two cylinders, into which it continuously
expands doing work before being exhausted into the atmosphere or condenser.
This system of steam expansion has been proposed to be carried out by the
adoption of a different arrangement of cylinders and expanding the steam with a
different sequence viz., after doing its work in the first cylinder the steam at once
crosses over into the second cylinder and repeatedly crosses and recrosses according
to the number of cylinders employed, whereby the loss above referred to is
multiplied by the number of crossings, while the last crossing of the steam is the
most wasteful owing to the amount which must unavoidably pass uselessly through
the last cylinder into the atmosphere or condenser as in the case of the compound
engine already described with only one cylinder on each side and one crossing from
side to side.
Whereas according to this invention steam is admitted into the first or high
pressure cylinder and expands doing work into the first set of cylinders on one side

page_text: rod can
before it crosses to the second set of cylinders arranged to correspond with those or
the first set thus securing a larger number of effective steam expansions with a
smaller number of cylinders than it is possible to obtain by any other arrangement
or sequence hitherto adopted in duplex pumping engines, while, at the same time
pump
the total effective effort exerted by each set of steam piştons on each
according to my invention be equalized-by-the proper proportioning of the cylinders
for a given boiler pressure or the same may be readily adjusted by means of a
suitable valve controlling the exhaust from the first set of cylinders or inlet to the
second set or both.
In carrying out this invention the steam cylinders may be placed horizontally,
vertically, inclined, or arranged tandem that is to say with the axis of each set of
cylinders in line or they may be arranged side by side, in a group, or otherwise as
may be most suitable and convenient for working the pumps so long as the pistons
of each side make their stroke together in the same direction or simultaneously in
the opposite direction.
1
Catala 1890
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Direct Acting Steam Pumping Engines.
I, ARTHUR EDWIN TREVILLION LEES, of 44, Sugden Road, in the County of
Surrey, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in duplex compound or multi cylinder
direct acting receiver steam pumping engines and has for its object the more
economical use of high steam pressures by carrying out more efficiently the
principle of stage expansion by means of certain steam cylinder combinations and
arrangements.
In compound direct acting duplex receiver pumping engines that have been
proposed, that is, pumping engines in which there is a high pressure alongside a low
pressure cylinder with the steam distribution valve of the former actuated by the
motion of the latter and rice cersa, the steam after doing its work in the first cylinder
crosses over from the high pressure side to the low pressure side through a receiver
into the second cylinder.
This crossing of the working steam from one side to the other is a very wasteful
arrangement as owing to the relative movements of the pistons and the distribution
valves a considerable amount of steam is unavoidably lost by being exhausted from
the high pressure cylinder into the low pressure during the pause of the latter's
piston at the end of its stroke, from whence the steam passes into the atmosphere or
condenser without doing useful work, while at the same time it is impossible to
efficiently control or regulate the steam pressures in the high and low pressure
cylinders respectively so as to equalise the work done by each side on the
pump rods.
According to my invention a duplex pumping engine is constructed having two
or more cylinders arranged in line on one side in which the steam is first con
tinuously expanded and then crosses from that side to the other where it again
expands continuously into the corresponding number of cylinders before being
With this combination only on
exhausted into the atmosphere or condenser.
crossing over of the working steam is necessary no matter how many cylinders ther
may be employed to carry out the number of expansions required to be made.
The loss due to this one crossing of the steam from one side to the other befor
referred to is obviated owing to the small amount of expansion required to be mad
between the last cylinder, on the high pressure side and the first cylinder on the lo
2

page_text: cylinder on the high pressure side through the
り
exhausted from the last
valve into the receiver from which it passes through the valve w into the
before being finally
corresponding number of cylinders on the piston rod
exhausted from the low pressure cylinder = into the atmosphere or condenser.
In order to equalise the work done on the high pressure side and on the low 5
pressure side of the engine and also to enable the engine to start in case the
high pressure cylinder slide valve is in such a position that it will not admit steam
to either end of its cylinder, a small steam supply pipe n controlled by a valve o is
fitted to the receiver which will admit fresh steam to the low pressure side and
thus start the engine in the manner usual with all receiver engines and in addition
permits the receiver pressure to be so adjusted that equal work may be done on
both sides of the engine. Instead of placing the cylinders tandem I sometimes
arrange them as shewn in Figures 4, 5 and 6. Figure 4 is a plan. Figure 5 a
a and are the cylinders on the
sectional elevation. Figure 6 a side elevation.
r being the
high pressure side, and are the cylinders on the low pressure side.
a and b,
receiver between them as before, but instead of each pair of cylinders
or and working on a single piston rod they are placed at opposite ends of
a beam m, so that although the motions of their pistons takes place in oppositė
directions they move simultaneously in pairs.
RC
It will thus be readily seen that the pistons of the high pressure side a-b move
together as do the pistons of the low pressure sider and, and that the slide valves
of each pair of cylinders are worked by the piston rods of the opposite pair of
cylinders, that is to say-the slide valves of a and b are actuated by the piston rods
of and and vice versa.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is:-
1. A duplex compound fluid pressure pump constructed substantially as herein-
before described, with the steam expanding down continuously through the high
pressure set of cylinders and then crossing over to the low pressure side and again
expanding down continuously, thus entailing only one crossing of the steam from
one side of the engine to the other the piston rod of each set of cylinders actuating
the valves of the opposite set of cylinders in the manner which is usual in duplex
pumps.
2. The arrangement as shewn and specified of a duplex engine so arranged tha
the total expansion may be divided between one side of the engine and the othe
side of the engine respectively, and the placing of a receiver between the two side
arranged with valves as set forth, by means of which, and a separate steam supply
to the receiver, the steam pressure in it when passed through the set of cylinder
on the high pressure side, can be so controlled as to its pressure that the work don
on both sides of the engine may be equal.
3. The combination or arrangement and use of parts of a duplex compoun
fluid pressure pump adapted to co-operate in the manner and for the purpose herein
before set forth.
1
1841.
foluuary 1891.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.