Improvements in and connected with Steam Hammers.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 24th June, 1893
5
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Steam Hammers.
I, JEAN BECHÉ, the Younger, of 10 Langestrasse, Huckeswagen, near Elberfeld,
in the Empire of Germany, Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
According to this invention the hammer head of a steam hammer is connected
to the piston of its actuating steam cylinder by means of a belt, cord, or chain
passing over fixed and travelling sheaves, the raising of the head being effected by
steam pressure in such cylinder whilst its release or fall is due to the exhaust of
such steam from the cylinder. The invention further relates to a means of actuating
0 the steam supply and exhaust valve of such apparatus.
In the drawing hereto annexed :-
-
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section, of a steam hammer constructed
according to this invention, shewing the position of the parts when the hammer
head is in its raised position, whilst Figure 2 shews the position of the parts after
5 the head has fallen.
Figure 3 is a section through Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a section through yy Figure 1.
Upon reference to the drawings.it will be seen that a is the hammer head, the
steam piston, c.the steam cylinder, d the steam port, and e. and the exhaust ports
0 thereof. 9 is a tappet lever, terminating in a toothed sector m, by which the
steam supply and exhaust valve sis operated. is the steam supply pipe. i is
the fixed sheave, and the travelling sheave, over which the.cord, band or chain j
is led.. The piston rod of the cylinder c.is of tubular form, and within it works
the secondary piston rod z connected at its upper en by means of a pin joint to
5 the travelling sheaver, whilst on its lower end.is formed the head contained
within a casing on the lower side of the piston. The rod is free to turn
independently of the piston rod proper, whereby any lateral movement which may
be given to the sheaver is not transmitted, to the piston. The bottom of the
cylinder is open, so that at nospheric pressure is at all times acting upon the
lower surface of the piston b.
The gear for actuating the steam supply and exhaust valve consists of the
vertical rod to working in guides formed upon the cylinder and provided with
the roller t which engages with the tappet lever y before mentioned. The rod w
is raised and depressed by the arm n which projects from the upper extremity of
the piston rod b', which alternately engages with the collars v¹ on the rod w as the
piston rod rises and falls.
One end of the cord, belt, or chain; is made fast to an eyebolt provided in the
roof or upper framework of the forge, whilst the other end is carried under
the sheaver and over the sheave i, (journalled in said framework), and attached to
O the head a.
In operation, the valve being in the position shewn in Figure 2, steam from
the pipe h is admitted to the upper surface of the piston by the port d, and the
piston and sheaver are forced downwards. By this action the head a of the
hammer is raised by the cord j to the position shewn in Figure 1. As the piston
rod descends, the arm n comes in contact with the collar and depresses the
rod w, by which action the roller t engages with the tappet lever g, whose sector m
then raises the spindle of the valves and closes the steam port d (see Figure 1).
Communication is now opened by the valves between the upper surface of the
piston and the exhaust through the port e, and the hammer head a is released
and allowed to descend. As the head descends upon the forging under treatment,

page_text: the sheaver is raised by the cord j, the arm n engages with the upper collar v¹
of the rod w which in turn causes the roller t to come in contact with the tappet
lever the valve is depressed and steam again admitted to the upper surface of
the piston b, and the cycle of operations is completed.
9,
$
When the piston 6 has risen to the level of the port e (the valves being in the
position shewn in Figure 1) a portion of steam at atmospheric pressure is
compressed in the cylinder above such port e, and forms an effective cushion.
against the rebound of the piston, a like effect for the downward stroke of the
piston being afforded by the elastic washer g provided in the base of the cylinder.
It will be understood that instead of the operation of the valve s being effected
automatically as above described, it may be accomplished by hand.
By connecting a steam hammer head with the piston of its actuating cylinder by
means of a cord, belt, or chain, as above described, a greater travel is obtained for
the bead with a comparatively small stroke of steam piston, whereby the velocity
of the head is increased without the speed of the piston becoming excessive, and
the working of such apparatus is thereby rendered more economical.
In place of single fixed and travelling sheaves being employed, multiple sheaves
may be substituted when desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A steam hammer in which the hammer head is connected to the piston of its
actuating cylinder by means of a cord, belt, or chain passing over fixed and
travelling sheaves; arranged and operating substantially as described.
2. The employment in connection with a steam hammer such as herein described,
of means for actuating the steam supply and exhaust valve of the actuating steam
cylinder thereof, consisting of the rod w provided with collars vol and a roller t
which engages with the tappet lever q of such valve, and adapted to be operated
by an arm n provided upon the piston rod b' of such actuating cylinder; arranged
and operating substantially as herein described.
Dated this 28th day of April 1893.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.