Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1888
Specification Accepted, 27th Apr., 1888
I JOSEPH MUGNIER of 45 Rue Tronchet, Lyons, France, Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The new product which I realise by impression consists in strewing or sprinkling
on Tulle or other openmeshed tissues a decoration having the appearance of small
rings.
.
This ornamentation is placed on the threads which surround the mesh and covers
them, the result being that the impression thus formed has a central opening and is a
good imitation of very fine embroidery and having a very pleasing appearance.
Such is the industrial product which I desire to secure as my property.
The process by means of which I realise the above product and which I also desire
to secure as my exclusive property, consists is depositing drops of a prepared liquid
on to the tissue whilst stretched out and held by the edges only. These drops
penetrate into the openings or meshes of the tissue which they fill and attaching
themselves to the threads of the meshes and remaining suspended. Whilst in this
position the evaporation is effected and the drops of liquid are transformed losing
by degrees their spherical form and leaving on the threads after dessication, an
ornamentation in the form of small rings.
On certain nets such as Tulle's of the "Zephyr" or "Alencon" description, the
decoration sometimes assumes the appearance of small stars but always with holes
in their centre and on square meshes it is slightly of that shape.
It will be readily understood that the liquid employed to realise this product
requires very careful and entirely special preparation in order the non-vaporisable
bodies contained in it shall be attracted to the threads and give them a thickness
or a colouring.
The liquid is composed of the following:
In 800 parts of water I dissolve or mix two parts of mucilage and add it parts
of a very fine non-soluble powdered body. The bath is completed by the addition of
200 parts of alcohol. The mucilages or thickeners which may be employed are Gun-
tragacanth, Gum Bossora, etc.
As regards the powdered bodies they are chosen in the colour or shade required.

page_text: For black shades 1 employ ivory black or lamp black. For white I use zinc white,
white lead Barytes white, Alumina, China clay, Magnesia, and others. These white
bodies may be coloured by the addition of any soluble thus allowing a considerable
number of colours or shades to be obtained without the necessity of the powders
being actually of the colour required to be given to the ornamentation.
The choice of powders is however of some importance by reason of their density;
I make use preferably of those whose weight approaches nearest to that of the liquid
so as to avoid the necessity of stirring or agitating the bath as is the case with
powders heavier or lighter than the liquid. Spermaceti, Stearic acid and resins
reduced to powder give good results and these powders are, also easily coloured.
Although I have indicated the ingredients and proportions of the bath, they may be
varied or modified as necessitated by the nature or kind of tissues; the large or
smaller openings of the meshes; the nature of the threads silk, wool, or cotton;
their varying thickness; the amount of relief to be obtained; the size of the central
aperture of the ornamentation, all these necessarily influence the proportions of the
substances to be introduced in the bath, but a little experience will overcome
difficulties of this kind which may arise if the functions of each of the elements which
compose the bath are taken note of.
The function of the water which has to disappear by evaporation is only to serve as
a vehicle for the other substances; that of the mucilage is to give adherence to the
ornamentation, and if the latter becomes detached from the threads, the mucilage
is too weak but if on the contrary the drop produces a membrane and does not form
an opening in the centre, the proportion of mucilage is too strong and should be
diminished. The powdered substances are intended to give thickness to the threads
and should the relief be too high or pasty the proportion should be diminished, but
if the ornamentation is not bold enough it should be increased.
The application of the liquid is effected by means of bars or battens with long pins
the thickness of which is so calculated that the size or quantity of the drops on their
ends correspond to the guage of the meshes. But the apparatus which effects the
deposit of the drops with the greatest perfection is the bar with movable pins which
I have myself introduced to the trade in connection with another product.
If it is desired to obtain several ornamental rings contiguous to one another all that
is necessary is to deposit drops so as to embrace or cover the united surfaces of the
Imeshes to be ornamented.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The new or improved process or method of decorating or ornamenting open-
worked tissues as herein before described.
2. The production of ornamentation on fabrics in imitation of embroidery or other,
by the affixing of suitable plain or coloured adhesive bodies to the surface thereof as
hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 20th day of March 1888