Improvements in Fusible Compounds, suitable for the Manufacture of Drain Pipes, Flushing Chambers, and the Lining of Conduits.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th July, 1889
'Complete Specification Left, 8th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 10th May. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by BERTEL EMIL OLSEN, of Victoria, British Columbia,
Canada, Gentleman.]
是
Improvements in Fusible Compounds, suitable for the Manufacture
of Drain Pipes, Flushing Chambers, and the Lining of Conduits.
I, EDWARD ERNEST COUSINS of Highclere, St. Alban's in the county of Herts,
Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a cheap fusible compound suitable for
conversion, by casting, into articles of tubular and other forms, such articles presenting
surfaces impermeable to moisture, like glazed tiles and pipes.
In the manufacture of the glazed pipes hitherto used by the sanitary engineer, a
large percentage of them, from being warped in the firing, has to be cast aside, for,
if used, are liable to form bad joints. Moreover, when broken, they are of no
service.
The pipes, however, made from my compound, if broken, may be melted up &
re-used, and they admit, moreover, of being cast into long lengths (say, ten feet),
thus materially diminishing the number of joints in a given length of run.
In preparing my compound, I take sand, sulphur, and pitch, and add thereto, either
lime, ground clay, cement, or ground burnt clay, selecting from these latter materials,
that most available in the locality where the pipes are to be manufactured and
used.
As an indication of the proportions of the several ingredients, I may state that for
the production of 100 lbs. weight of the compound, I obtain a good result by mixing
with 33 lbs. of sulphur, 43 lbs. of sand & 1 lb. of pitch, adding thereto some 23 lbs. of
clay or its equivalent.
These ingredients, after having been carefully mixed, are heated in a crucible by
steam heat, & thoroughly stirred until complete fusion takes place. The compound
may then be run into metal moulds, to form pipes, flushing chambers, tiles, or other
moulded articles.
Dated this 4th day of Jul 1880
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fusible Compounds, suitable for the Manufacture
of Drain Pipes, Flushing Chambers, and the Lining of Conduits.
I EDWARD ERNEST COUSINS of Highclere, St. Alban's in the County of Herts,
Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The invention is an improved composition of matter that can be cast and moulded
into various shapes, such as drain pipes, flushing chambers, and the lining of conduits.
The compound consists of either of the following mixtures: first, sulphur, sand, clay,
and pitch; second, sulphur, sand, cement and pitch; third, sulphur, sand, lime and
pitch; fourth, sulphur, sand, ground burnt clay and pitch. Either of these compounds
may be employed, according to the locality where the pipes are to be manufactured
and used, clay, cement, lime and burnt clay (old bricks), ground, being equally
useful, and one of the earths being often more available than the other three.
Any of the compounds makes an excellent quality of drain pipe, of any length

page_text: up to ten feet, and any diameter up to two feet. The ingredients, when mixed in
the following proportions, will produce a satisfactory result: to make one hundred
pounds of the mixture, I add to thirty-three pounds of sulphur, twenty three
pounds of clay, forty three pounds of sand, and one pound of pitch.
These ingredients, being thoroughly mixed in a dry state, are placed in a crucible,
and heated by superheated steam or hot air to a temperature of from 320° to 350°
Fahrenheit, the sulphur acting as a flux. The whole of the ingredients are thoroughly
stirred, and while in a molten state, can be readily manufactured into pipes by being
poured into a mould. A few hours after manufacture, the pipes will stand any test
usually applied to pipes of this character, standing a pressure of sixty eight pounds
to the square inch. In case a pipe breaks, the debris can be gathered together, put
into the crucible, and recast, which is a great economical advantage.
The composition, when hardened, will take a fine polish, and can be worked into any
desired shape by tools.
The material thus formed is cheap, easily made, and will be found of utility in the
arts. The composition is particularly useful in making piping, such as that used
for sewers and mains, and also for water piping in the construction of houses.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The herein described composition of matter, consisting of sand, forty three per
cent.; sulphur, thirty three per cent., pitch one per cent., and an earth, such as ground
burnt clay, twenty three per cent., mixed together under the action of superheated
steam, substantially as specified.
2. The herein described composition of mutter, consisting of sand, sulphur, pitch,
and an earth, such as ground burnt clay, mixed together under the action of super-
heated steam, substantially as specified.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.