A COMBINED MACHINE FOR COLLECTING AND PLACING IN ROWS, OR COLLECTING AND ELEVATING INTO A WAGGON OR ELSE-
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Banwell, of Watlington, in the County of
Oxford, for the Invention of "A COMBINED MACHINE FOR COLLECTING AND
PLACING IN ROWS, OR COLLECTING AND ELEVATING INTO A WAGGON OR ELSE-
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Banwell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
June 1863.
I, JOHN BANWELL, of Watlington, in the County of Oxford, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A COMBINED MACHINE FOR
COLLECTING AND PLACING IN Rows, OR COLLECTING AND ELEVATING INTO A WAGGON
OR ELSEWHERE, HAY, CORN, OR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE," to be as follows,
that is to say:-
This machine consists of a drag rake, a collecting revolving rake, running
band rake, or other. suitable elevators, receiving platforms, and delivering
mechanism fitted into or upon a suitable frame, which is mounted upon
two or more wheels, and propelled by ordinary means applied either in.
front or behind. The trailing or drag rake is formed with slightly curved
teeth somewhat similar to an ordinary trailing rake, only that the teeth
in this machine may be nearly straight, and to keep them in their work
springs or weights may be applied thereto, or the teeth may be curved in
the usual way, and the lever by which the teeth are raised or lowered
is so formed as to allow them to work upon or at any required distance
from the ground. The collecting revolving rake consists of a drum fitted

page_text: with projecting teeth, and is placed parallel with the teeth of the trailing
rake, and in front of or partially under the same. The revolving motion
may be given to this drum in any of the usual ways, and the drum
may be of any required width of breast, or may be made in. parts, and the
spaces between the sectional parts covered with fixed belts or other means to
prevent anything falling in. between the sections while the machine is in
motion. In some cases the revolving rake may be centred upon the axle of
the bearing wheels. The projecting teeth of the revolving rake or rakes
work near to or between the teeth of the trailing rake, and by their combined
action, when in motion, the corn, bay, or other substance is collected and
raised from the ground, and delivered on a suitably placed receiving platform
above or into a receiver in front of the revolvers. When it is required to
lift the produce or substance.collected by the trailer and the revolver rakes
into a waggon or more elevated receiver, a spiked belt, having rake teeth upon
it, and working in a trough or frame, may be substituted for the drum rake,
or used in conjunction therewith. By this belt working over or round
suitably placed pullies or drum wheels, the collected substance can be raised
and delivered at any required height. The drum rakes may be formed with
internal eccentrics, to which the teeth are fixed or fitted, so that they pass
through and project from suitable openings in the periphery of the outside
drum. By the revolving motion of this drum the rakes, as they approach the
ground, gradually protrude and take up the produce or substance, and recede
again as they ascend, bearing the material gathered up upon or near the top
of the drum. When this form of revolving rake. is used, the teeth on the
travelling rake may be dispensed with or not. The substance raised on to
the top of the drum or first receiver can be thence raised by spiked belts into
the waggon, or to any required height, as before mentioned, or into another
receiver, for delivery by a screw cylinder or other means into the waggon, or
it can be delivered at either or both sides of the machine from the first
receiver by screw drums or cylinders, or by transverse action spiked bands, or
by traversing rake heads or bar rakes working over pillars or cranks. Screw
drums or cylinders or bar rakes may be used as elevators, if required, in place
of the spike bands or belt rakes, or in place of the drum rake before described.
The elevator above the first receiver is removable, and by means of..the side
delivery before mentioned the machine is adapted for collecting and laying the
produce or substance in rows, or gathering and depositing the same in heaps.
The revolving rakes, elevators, and other working parts of the machine are suit-
ably geared to and actuated by the main or bearing wheels on which it travels.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Banwell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BANWELL, of Watlington, in the County of Oxford, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Banwell, Her special licence that I, the said John Banwell, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Banwell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A COMBINED MACHINE
FOR COLLECTING AND PLACING IN ROWS, OR COLLECTING AND ELEVATING INTO A
WAGGON OR ELSEWHERE, HAY, CORN, OR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE," upon the
condition (amongst others) that 1, the said John Banwell, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Banwell; do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
This machine consists of a drag rake, collecting revolving rake, running
band rake, or other suitable elevators, receiving platforms, and other delivering
mechanism fitted into or upon a suitable frame mounted on two or more
wheels and propelled by ordinary means applied either in front or behind.
The trailing or drag rake is formed with slightly curved teeth, somewhat
similar to an ordinary trailing rake, only that the teeth in this rake may be
nearly straight, and to keep them to their work springs or weight may be
applied thereto, or the teeth may be curved in the usual way, and the lever
by which the teeth are raised or lowered is so formed as to allow them to

page_text: work upon or at any required distance from the ground. The collecting
revolving rake consists of a drum fitted with projecting teeth, and is placed
parallel with the teeth of trailing rake, and in front of or partly under the
same. The revolving motion may be given to this drum in any of the usual
ways, and the drum may be of any required width of breast, or may be made
in parts, and the spaces between the sectional parts covered with fixed belts
or other means to prevent anything falling in between the section while the
machine is in motion. In some cases the revolving rake may be centred
upon the axle of the bearing wheels. The projecting teeth of the revolving rake
or rakes work near to or between the teeth of the trailing rake, and by their
combined action, when in motion, the corn, hay, or other substance is collected
and raised from the ground, and delivered in a suitably placed receiving plat-
form above or into a receiver in front of the revolvers. When it is required
to lift the produce or substance into a waggon or more elevated receiver, a
spiked belt, having rake teeth upon it, and working in a trough or frame, may
be substituted for the drum rake, or used in conjunction therewith. By this
belt working over or round suitably placed pullies or drum wheels, the col-
lected substance can be raised and delivered at any required height. The
drum rake may be formed with internal excentrics, to which the teeth are
fixed or fitted, so that they pass through and project from suitable openings in
the periphery of the outside drum. By the revolving motion of this drum the
rakes as they approach the ground protrude and take up the produce or sub-
stance, and recede again as they ascend, bearing the material gathered up upon
or near the top of the drum. When this form of revolving rake is used, the
teeth on the travelling rake may be dispensed with or not. The substance
raised on to the top of the drum can be thence raised by spiked belts into a
waggon, or into another receiver, to be delivered by a screw or other means at
any required height, as before mentioned, or be delivered at either or both
sides of the machine by screw drums or cylinders, or by transverse action
spiked bands, or by traversing rake heads, or bar rakes working over pullies
or cranks. Screw drums or cylinders or bar rakes working on cranks may
also be used as elevators, if required, in place of the spiked bands or belt
rakes, or in place of the drum rakes before described. The elevator above
the first receiver is removable, and by means of side delivery before mentioned
the machine is adapted for collecting and laying the produce or substance in
rows, or gathering or depositing the same in heaps. The revolving rakes,
elevators, and other working parts of the machine are suitably geared to and
actuated by the main or bearing wheels upon which it travels.
By the foregoing statement the nature and object of my said Invention will

page_text: Drawing No. 1 is intended to illustrate a complete machine with a movable
elevator fitted thereto for raising the crop or produce into a waggon or other
receptacle, and Drawing No. 2 shews two modifications thereof in side eleva-
tion without the movable elevator. The elevator, however, can be applied to
all the machines if required. Drawing No. 1, Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and
Fig. 2 a back view of the machine, and Fig. 3 shews the movable elevator
detached. The following letters of reference are repeated in each Fig. where
the same parts of the machine are shewn, so that the explanation applies to
the whole.
a, a, the wheels upon which the machine moves, and from which the
various parts receive their motion; 6, the trailing rake, which is hinged in.
the usual way to the axle; c, the main frame, binding the whole together;
d, the pole or shaft to which the propelling power is applied; and e, the pole
wheel. This pole is hinged to the under frame at f, so as to turn upon that
point horizontally for steering the machine when at work. 9, 91, 92, spur
wheels giving motion to the first platform elevators; 9, disc elevators; h, spiked
belts or running band rakes; i, an auxiliary elevator, which also consists of
running bands having prongs (2) or spikes projecting therefrom; j, j, side
shields of thin board, between which the trailing rake, band rake, and discs above
mentioned operate. The action of this part of the machine is as follows:-
The crop is collected by the trailing rake teeth into the hollow space 1 as the
machine moves forward, the belts being now put into motion, the prongs 2, 2,
&c., which pass between the prongs of the trailing rake, in the direction
marked, take up the produce through the space 3, until it comes in
contact with the peripheries of the discs, which have corrugated or indented
edges; and as these discs or plates are of greater diameter that the pullies k, k,
upon which the band rakes run, the velocity of the former is greater than that
of the latter, consequently the said dises act as elevators, and also take off the
produce from the band rakes; it is, however, still carried up above and cast
upon the platform by the auxiliary band rakes and horned delivery wheel
or second take-off m, upon the pullies n of which the auxiliary band rakes
run; o, o, are transverse running spiked bands which traverse the platform
from side to side of the machine, and are moved from left to right, or vice

page_text: versa, as desired, by the bevil gear p, p, p²; the wheel p is keyed on to the
shaft o' of the transverse band pullies, and the two wheels p' and p² run loose
upon the shaft which carries the spur wheel 92 (before mentioned); these are
moved by the clutch lever q; and when p¹ is in gear, the produce on the
platform is moved from left to right, and vice versa; when på is in gear, the
produce thus carried to the right or left side of the platform, as the case may
be, is thence either thrown off in rows or deposited in heaps upon the ground,
according as the prongs upon the transverse running band are continuous or
alternating; or in the other case, when the elevator, Fig. 3, is attached, is
raised thereby into a waggon or other receptacle at any required height; this
elevator is so fitted to the machine that it may be made to operate on either
side at pleasure. At the top of the machine frame a strong dead pin r is
fitted, and to the elevator the radial arm or beam s is jointed at t upon the
two ends of the shaft u, which carries and gives motion to the spiked band v,
which work round a top set of pullies u¹. The elevator beam is made of sufficient
length to allow its radius to be adjusted as the elevator is swinging round
from one side of the machine to the other, according as the machine is required
to operate. u², a small wheel upon which the beam runs; w is a chain or tie
running upon a ratchet roller w¹, for regulating the vertical angle of inclination
of the elevator, and consequently the height at which it will deliver the
produce upon the waggon, &c. The running belts of the elevator receive their
motion from a toothed wheel on the upper shaft of the auxiliary elevator
through the wheels shewn at Fig. 1 and 2, which in turn are moved by the
band driven by the v pulley; on the main axle y is a transverse bar, which
passes under all the prongs or teeth of the trailing rake, and has a chain
attached thereto for raising the rake clear of the ground by means of
the handle and pulley z¹. When the machine is not in work the small wheels
near the edges of the platform serve the double purpose of supporting the
elevator and also allow the curved edges of the shield to run thereon; as the
angle of inclination and altitude about the axis m' is varied, the arms keeps this
axis always in the same line, and consequently the elevator toothed wheel in
gear with its mover on the machine. The side of the elevator next the
machine is open, while that next the waggon is boarded or enclosed down to
the line 5, 5, (see Figs. 1, 2, & 3).
Drawing No. 2 shews two machines slightly varied in their details from that
already described, but operating in nearly a similar manner. The modification
Fig. 1 is fitted with a trailing rake a and running elevator band b, which
passes between the prongs (a), as before described, and round the pullies 1, 2, 3,
and between the elevator disc 4, also formed as before described, and by the

page_text: combined action of which the produce is raised and carried up the inclined
plain 5 on to the platform 6, from whence it is delivered to the right or left
by the vertical delivery rakes c, driven by the vertical shaft d, and turned to
the right or left by the reversing gear shewn at e (reversed as described in
Draws. 1); f, the shield, at the top of which the wheel g, for gearing with the
elevator, is fixed; this wheel is driven by the band h from the pulley 2 before
described.
The modification Fig. 2 is fitted with a trailing rake hung to the side lever
a, to the vertical cross arm of which the prongs are hinged at the bottom and
connected by a spring b at the top, so that each prong can yield longitudinally
and be also raised vertically from the ground independantly of each other; c is
a revolving drum rake mounted upon the main axle, and turning therewith;
d is a curved trough, closed at the back and sides, and fitted with an opening
or staved front f, between which Staves the rake prongs 9 work, and which act
as take-off thereto. The produce is raised and carried up the trough e on to
the receiving platform h, from whence it is either elevated by an elevator, or
delivered at either side by the running spiked bands i mounted above the
platform, and driven as here shewn, and turned to the right or left by the
reversing gear before described.
Having thus stated the nature and object of my said Invention, and
described and illustrated the means by which I propose to carry out the same
in practice, I hereby declare further that I do not restrict myself to the precise
form and arrangement of the various parts shewn upon the respective
Drawings, as the details may be varied in constructing the machines so as to
produce other modifications than those delineated, and I therefore include all
such modifications as forming part of my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Banwell, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JOHN BANWELL. (L.S.)