IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI- WEDY POD CORINA COTOX WOOL AND ARIZED BIRROWS MAMEDAY
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Little, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI-
WEDY POD CORINA COTOX WOOL AND ARIZED BIRROWS MAMEDAY"
Sealed the 20th February 1866, and dated the 23rd August 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Little at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
August 1865.
I, GEORGE LITTLE, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention, refers to that description of machinery for which Letters
Patent were granted to George Tomlinson Bousfield, dated 20th September
1861, No. 2358, and to Ira Dimock, dated 12th February 1864, No. 365,
or to other combing machines in which tufts of material are drawn from
detaining combs, and consists, firstly, in an improvement upon that part of
the said machinery in which a comb is employed to detain the material, while
a tuft is drawn therefrom by nippers.
According to the arrangement described in the Specifications of the said
Patents one comb only is used. I now propose to use two or more combs
placed parallel to each other, and which enter the material, and are withdrawn

page_text: therefrom after a tuft is removed in order to allow another feed to take place.
In the arrangement I contemplate there are two combs, which are caused to
advance towards and to recede from each other by cams or other ordinary
means, entering the material by the former motion, and retreating from it by
the latter.
Another improvement relates to an arrangement whereby I am enabled to
shorten the length of sliver between the feed lap and the feeding rollers, and
to simplify the machine. To effect this I mount the feed lap upon a rocking
frame, and cause it to pass over a guide roller, which is not driven, but which
merely revolves by the friction of the sliver.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Little in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
February 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LITTLE, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Little, Her special lisence that I, the said George. Little,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Little, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR COMBING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said George Little, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Little, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention; and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
My Invention refers to that description of machinery for which Letters
Patent were granted to George Tomkinson Bousfield, dated Twentieth Sep-
tember, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, Number 2358, and to
Ira Dimmock, dated Twelfth February, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-four, Number 365, or to other combing machines in which tufts of
material are drawn from detaining combs, and consists, firstly, in an improve-
ment upon that part of the said machinery in which a comb is employed to
detain the material while a tuft is drawn therefrom by nippers.
According to the arrangement described in the Specifications of the said
Patents one comb only is used. I now propose to use two or more combs
placed parallel to each other, and which enter the material, and are with-
drawn therefrom after a tuft is removed in order to allow another feed to.
take place.
.
Another improvement relates to an arrangement whereby I am enabled to
shorten the length of sliver between the lap and the feeding rollers, and to
simplify the machine.
In the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 represents sufficient of a combing
machine in section to explain my Invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.
At a is a portion of the stationary frame of the machine carrying the axis b,
upon which the moveable frame c is capable of turning upward. In this
frame are mounted the feed rollers d, d', the trumpet-shaped guide d*, and
the detaining comb e, f, constructed, however, according to my Invention as
two separate combs. One of these combs e is mounted on a cross bar
9, sliding
on each side in a groove h formed in the moveable frame, which bar is
provided with a projecting part i bearing against the periphery of a cam j,
and drawn thereto by a spring k. The other comb f is connected to a bar l.
which in like manner is provided with a projecting part m bearing against a
cam n, to which it is forced by a spring o. At p is the lap of material to be
combed wound upon a bobbin, the axis of which is situate in a slot formed in
a standard which projects from the moveable frame c.
The lap rests upon
two surface rollers r, also carried by the moveable frame
framework is a bracket s provided with a slot, within which is
connected to one arm of a bell-crank lever u, u*, and which turns loosely:
upon the axis of the feed roller d'. The arm * of this bell-crank lever
carries a driver v, to act upon the teeth of a ratchet wheel w fast upon the
axis of the feed roller d¹. Beneath the moveable frame c is a bracket a,
within which is an arm y, provided at its lower end with a roller, bearing
c.
Upon the fixed
situate a pin t

page_text: against a cam 1 fast upon the axle of the usual rotating comb. 2. The
army must be considered as rigid with the bracket x, and consequently
with the moveable frame c. In the Drawing it is shewn as mounted
upon a centre 3, but this is merely for adjustment, as it is prevented from
turning upon the said centre away from the cam by a set screw, 4. At
5 is the shaft, upon which are mounted the usual nippers 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10,
represents the position of the other nipping roller. Upon the axis of the
rotating comb 2 is a toothed wheel 11, taking into another. 12, upon a
shaft 13, which shaft gives motion to the above-mentioned cains j, n, by
means of pinions 14, 15. The operation is as follows:-According to
the positions of the parts shewn in the Drawing, the combe has been thrust
forward by the cam j, while at the same time the other comb fhas been
drawn on to the smaller diameter of the cam n by the spring o, so that
the two combs overlap each other, and are thrust between the fibres under
operation. The usual working of the machine will now by means of the
cams 16 cause the nippers 6 to close upon the tuft of material, after which
the cam 1 will come into operation against the roller z, whereby the move-
able frame c will be caused to turn upward upon its centre 13, and at the
same time the nipper roller will commence to revolve. By these means a
tuft of material will as usual be detached by the nippers 6, and carried
forward to be operated on by the revolving comb 2. As the moveable frame c
swings upward it pushes backward the end of the bell-crank lever u, u*, in the
slot of the bracket s, and the said lever is caused to turn upon its centre of
motion d¹, whereby the driver will be carried backward over certain of the
teeth of the ratchet wheel preparatory to a feed. The smaller radius of the
cam 1 by coming gradually against the roller z will now allow the moveable
frame to fall, and as this takes place the bell-crank lever u, u*, will be caused
to turn upon its centre in the opposite direction to that above described,.
whereby the driver v will act against the ratchet wheel w, thus causing the
rollers d, d', to revolve, and deliver the necessary feed of fibre for another
tuft. During this feed motion the cams j, n, have kept the combs e, f, apart,.
but when it has been accomplished then the two combs will have been caused
to approach and overlap each other by the means above described, and the
parts will again be in the positions shewn in the Drawings. It will have been
seen by the above description that the combs, feed rollers, surface drums, and
lap, all move bodily together.upon a common centre of motion, and that they
therefore maintain the same relative positions, so that when the frame turns
upward the sliver will be kept distended upon the drum r. . .
In my Provisional Specification I stated that the drums were not driven.

page_text: I have, however, since the filing thereof discovered that they may be driven if
desired without interfering with the arrangement which causes the lap to
move bodily with the feed rollers. They may be used in either way, and I
therefore lay no claim to their use without driving. gear. It will of course
have been understood that during the motions above described which relate
particularly to the parts carried by the moveable frame, the nippers, rotatory
combs, and other ordinary parts of the machine have gone through their usual
operations.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I desire it to be understood that
I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent, and
for the purposes above set forth,-
Firstly, the use of two or more combs as illustrated at e, f.
Secondly, mounting the feed lap upon a rocking frame, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Little, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
GEORGE LITTLE.
(L.S.)