Improvements in connection with the Process of Making Seamless Metallic Tubes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1397-Accepted, 12th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with the Process of Making Seamless
Metallic Tubes.
I, CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, Works Manager of The Cycle
Components Manufacturing Company Limited, of Bournbrook, near the City.of
Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a new system or a new method of producing seamless
metallic tubes and has for its object the economising of labor and the reduction of
the cost of manufacture.
In carrying out the manufacture of metallic tubes or cylinders according to my
invention I take a pair of two-high rolls, coupled together and driven at any
desired speed from any source of power, and fitted with reversing gear. These
said rolls, which are mounted in holsters of any approved form, have a bick stop
consisting of a horizontal frame suitably applied and fitted at the back of the rolls,
which each have cut circumferentially within their peripheries, a series of graduated
grooves, with a like sized groove of the one roll coming opposite to a like sized
groove in the other roll, whilst a gap comes between the grooves and rolls to admit
of the passage of the mandril (which is longer than usual or about double the
ordinary length) laterally from oue groove or eye to the next adjacent one.
Thus each roll has large semi-circular grooves upon one end graduating to-small
semi-circular grooves at the other end, with a space or clearance coming preferably
between the opposed grooves of each roll. That is, the series of eyes formed by
the opposed series of grooves are made to open into one another by the rolls being
separated to a short distance at their meeting peripheries.
The back stop consists of a rectangular frame disposed at the back of the rolls
and adapted to carry the after end of a loose aud shifting mandril or mandrils,
which is or are transferable from one to another of a series of slots formed along
the top bar of the frame of the back stop and having sinkings wherein a fast collar
at the after end of the mandril drops and is there held during the drawing of a
tube both onto and off the said mandril.
Thus the back bar of the back stop, at points lignable with the grooves of the
rolls, is formed with rectangular piercings of a size about equal to the collar on
the after end of the mandril, and with the material at the opposite sides of the said
piercing sunken for receiving part of the mandril.
Now assuming that the billet (which is slightly coned at each end) has been
passed onto the mandril and then introduced between the first pair of corresponding
grooves, the rotation of the rolls rolls the billet backwards on the mandril, with
the compression thrust coming upon the collar which abuts against the back stop.
Immediately the billet, (the thickness of whose walls has been diminished and
its length increased) comes clear of the nip of the rolls, the direction of motion of
the said rolls is reversed by ordinary reversing gear and the mandril with the partly
broken-down billet upon it is laterally transferred to the next slot in the back stay
and through the next. pass or eye in the .rolls which now re-roll the said billet
forwardly onto the fore end part of the mandril which extends forwards of the rolls
to an extent about equal to the full length of the tube to be made.
The billet now comes upon the front side of the rolls and just clear of 'the nip,
and the mandril is transferred to the next pass and the tube rolled again backwards

page_text: and this alternate backward and forward rolling is continued until the tube has
been passed through the whole of the graduated passes when the thickness of the
walls of the tube have been reduced and the length of the same increased to the
desired extent.
The mandril may be plain, or double sided and slightly tapered or between
the two sides or two ends it may be hulbed, and further, the mandril may be
adjustable longitudinally and be clamped to the back stop in any desired way.
In case that the tubes require to be expanded during elongation, that is to say,
supposing the bore of the hillet is required to be increased in diameter at the same
time as the outside diameter of the same is being reduced with a corresponding
reduction in thickness of the walls and an increase in length of the tube, then
I may transfer the partly cogged-down billet from one mandril to another and
larger one, which may be of the plain, bulb or plug order.
When the cogging down is performed by expansion, or internal working then
the passes of the rolls are all the same and the mandrils or bulbs gradually increase
in diameter with each pass.
My invention is applicable to the production of seamless steel tubes and also
copper, brass and like tubes.
Improvements in connection with the Process of Making Seamless
Metallic Tubes.
I, CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, Works Manager of The Cycle
Components Manufacturing Company Limited, of Bournbrook, near the City of
Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a new system or a new method of producing seamless
metallic tubes and has for its object, the economising of labor and the reduction of
the cost of manufacture.
In carrying out the manufacture of metallic tubes or cylinders according to my
invention, I take a pair of two-high rolls, coupled together and driven at any
desired speed from any source of power, and fitted with reversing gear. These
said rolls, which are mounted in holsters of any approved form, have a back stop
cousisting of a horizontal frame suitably applied and fitted at the back of the rolls,
which each have cut circumferentially within their peripheries, a series of graduated
grooves, with a like sized groove of the one roll coming opposite to a like sized
groove in the other roll, whilst a gap, comes between the grooves and rolls to
admit of the passage of the mandril (which is longer than usual or about double
the ordinary length) laterally from one groove or eye to the next adjacent one.
Thus each roll has large semi-circular grooves upon one end graduating to small
semi-circular grooves at the other end, with a space or clearance coming preferably
between the opposed grooves of each roll. That is, the series of eyes formed by
the opposed series of grooves are made to open into one another by the rolls being
separated to a short distance at their meeting peripheries.
The back stop consists of a rectangular frame disposed at the back of the rolls

page_text: and adapted to carry the after end of a loose and shifting mandril or mandrils,
which is or are transferable from one to another of a series of slots formed along
the top bar of the frame of the back stop and having sinkings wherein a fast
collar at the after end of the mandril drops and is there held during the drawing
of a tube both onto and off the said mandril.
Thus the back bar of the back stop, at points lignable with the grooves of the
rolls, is formed with rectangular piercings of a size about equal to the collar on
the after end of the mandril, and with the material at the opposite sides of the said
piercing sunken for receiving part of the mandril.
Now assuming that the billet (which is slightly coned at each end) has been
passed onto the mandril and then introduced between the first pair of corresponding
grooves, the rotation of the rolls rolls the billet backwards on the mandril, with
the compression thrust coming upon the collar which abuts against the back stop.
Immediately the billet (the thickness of whose walls has been diminished and
its length increased) comes clear of the nip of the rolls, the direction of motion
of the said rolls is reversed by ordinary reversing gear and the mandril with the
partly broken-down billet upon it is laterally transferred to the next slot in the
back stay and through the next pass or eye in the rolls, which now re-roll the said
billet forwardly onto the fore end part of the mandril which extends forwards
of the rolls to an extent about equal to the full length of the tube to be made.
The billet now comes upon the front side of the rolls and just clear of the nip,
and the mandril is transferred to the next pass and the tube rolled again back-
wards and this alternate backward and forward rolling is continued until the tube
has been passed through the whole of the graduated passes when the thickness of
the walls of the tube have been reduced and the length of the same increased
to the desired extent.
The mandril may be plain, or double sided and slightly tapered or between the
two sides or two ends it may be bulbed, and further, the mandril may be adjustable
longitudinally and be clamped to the back stop in any desired way.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents a vertical section of a tube-
rolling mill arranged and constructed according to my improvements.
Figure 2 represents a front elevation of the same clearly showing the gaps
between which the stem of the mandril laterally passes from eye to eye, or from
pass to pass.
Figure 3 is a topside plan of the said mill, showing the back stop for taking the
thrust and pull of the mandril.
Figure 4 is a part elevation and part vertical section of the said back stop,
showing the gaps for the reception of the collar on the mandril.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawing.
a are the holsters wherein the necks b¹, of the rolls bare supported and work,
each of which said rolls is provided with a series of graduated channels or
grooves 6, 3, 64, 66, 66, 67, 68, gradually decreasing in breadth and depth
from the groove 62, to the groove 68, so as to make a series of graduated
passes c², c, c, c, c, c, c8, in communication with one another by gaps d², d³, d',
d', d, d', of a breadth slightly greater than the diameter of the mandril e, whilst
the eyes or passes c to care of a greater diameter than the bulb or swell el. The
dotted lines f, shows the mandril in the act of being passed laterally from one
groove to the next adjacent one through one of the eyes or passes.
9 is the frame or back stop, g' the back bar and 93 93, 9, 9, 9, 9', 9, are sinkings
corresponding to the passes in the rolls and wherein the thrust collar e', on the
mandril comes.
I propose, after each pass to turn the billet 9', through a right angle from its last
position in order to bring that part which was presented to the gap in the preceding
pass now opposite to the contact or nip of the pass.
My invention is applicable to the production of seamless steel tubes and also
copper, brass and like tubes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
-claim is :-
First. In mills or machinery for making seamless metallic tubes, providing
the rolls with a series of passes or graduated passes with communication between
them made by gaps or spaces which admit of the lateral passage of the. mandril
from one pass to another, substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly. In mills or machinery for making seamless metallic tubes, providing
the same with a back stop having a series of sinkings or recesses, corresponding to
the passes in the-rolls, and wherein the collar of the mandril takes, substantially as
and for the purpose described and set forth.
Thirdly. The improvements in mills or machinery for making seamless metallic
tubes, substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth.
Dated the 15th day of April 1897.
CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER,
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent. for Applicant.