IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO MACHINES POR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING, AND FOR WINDING SUCH MATERIALS WHENn Spun
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Oliver, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE
TO MACHINES POR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR
SPINNING,
AND FOR WINDING SUCH MATERIALS WHENn Spun.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Oliver at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th October 1875.
I, JOHN OLIVER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR SPINNING, AND FOR WINDING SUCH MATERIALS WHEN
SPUN," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to apparatus applicable to drawing and
winding machines for preventing knotty or soft places from being
wound. For this purpose I cause the sliver, yarn, or thread to pass
between or over surfaces, one part of which is caused to alter its

page_text: position by a defective portion of the said sliver, yarn, or thread, and
constitute a clamp which detains it and causes it to be broken. Thus
I employ two parts, one being capable of turning upon a centre, and
between these the sliver, yarn, or thread passes; when a thick portion
occurs the movable part turns on its centre and clips the material.
In another arrangement the sliver, yarn, or thread passes under the
end of a lever capable of turning upon a centre, which movement takes
place on the arrival of a defective portion, and it then grips the yarn
against a stationary part; or the said lever may be situate between two
1
other parts.
Ordinary clearers may be employed in conjunction with my Invention
as regards winding machines.
Another part of my Invention consists in causing the sliver, yarn,
or thread to pass through a v formed groove and beneath a pair of
needle points set at an angle to each other. When a defective part of 1
the yarn or thread arrives it is stabbed as it were by the said needle
point and detained so as to become bṛoken.
Another part of my Invention refers to the ordinary form of clearer
of winding machines. In each of the two plates I form an angular
slit or slits extending to the opening through which the yarn or thread
passes, and in front of these slits I adapt a button. If the attendant
attempts to lift over a knotty place the yarn or thread is caught by one
of the aforesaid angular slits.
In order to secure the breakage at soft places I propose to put a drag
upon the yarn or thread between the throstle bobbin or cap and the
clearer, such drag being capable of adjustment for different "counts,"
and regulated by an index.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Oliver in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
OLIVER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, send
greeting.
8

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Oliver, Her special
license, that I, the said John Oliver, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Oliver, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
FOR SPINNING, AND FOR WINDING SUCH MATERIALS WHEN SPUN," upon tho
condition, amongst others, that I, the said John Oliver, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner tho
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Oliver, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawing, that is to
say:
My Invention consists, firstly, in a method of preventing thick or
knotty places from passing through the machine, for which purpose I
employ parts which are caused to act as a clip by the presence of a
knotty part so as to hold the material and cause it to be broken as it is
drawn forward.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn this part of my In-
vention under three modifications, and shall in the first place describe
them as applied to a winding machine.
Fig. 1 and 2 represent in side and plan views one of these arrange-
ments. At a is an arm fixed to a supporting rod carried by the frame
of the machine in any convenient manner, the said arm being adapted
about the place occupied by the ordinary clearer of winding frames.

page_text: Jointed to the arm a and so as to be capable of turning upon a centre b
is a lever c, made in this instance T shaped, for the purpose of taking in
two threads, shewn by the red lines. The end d of the lever c has a
flat part which rests upon the thread, which passes in the direction
of the arrow over the part e, and the upper surface of the end d is 5
nearly in contact with the turned up end f of the arm a, the space
between those two surfaces corresponding to the proper thickness of the
yarn to be wound, and the two parts will remain in these relative
positions so long as the thread passes without a knotty part; but when
such an imperfection exists the increased thickness causes the lever c 1
to turn upon its centre b, whereby the thread becomes clamped between
the two parts d, f, and is broken off by being drawn forward.
The parts d, e, act as clearers as well as effecting the above-described
purpose; but ordinary clearers may be added if desired.
The centre may be adjusted for different thicknesses of threads by 1
making it an excentric, or by other suitable means.
Figs. 3, 4, shew a modification of the foregoing. In this instance
a lever g capable of turning upon a centre h carries a peg i, the under
side of which is formed with a flat part (seen in Fig. 3), between which
and a fixed bark the thread passes, after which it extends partly around 2
the said pegi and over another 7 carried by a stationary arm m, there
being during the proper working of the machine a space between the
said two pegs corresponding to the thickness of the thread under
operation. So long as the thread is free from knotty places the parts
remain in these positions; but when a defect of that character occurs 2
it turns the peg i upward upon its centre / so as to cause it to clamp
the thread upon the stationary peg 1, and it then becomes broken.
By turning a screw n inward or outward the position of the peg
may be varied to suit different threads, a binding screw o being used to
fix its position. The flat part of the peg i and the part k constitute a {
clearer.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew another modification. In this instance a piece p
is fixed vertically in the machine, and is hollowed out on its inward
face so as to provide two flat edges q, and at r is a bracket fixed to the
piece p, within which bracket is a second hollowed out pieces having 3
two flat edges, between which and those shewn at q the thread passes,

page_text: "
as seen by the red line. The piece 8 is mounted so as to be capable of
turning upon a centre t. The two pieces p, 8, are set the right distance
apart for the thread under operation by means of a set screw u, and
during the proper working of the machine act as a clearer; but should
a knotty place occur then the increased thickness causes the piece 8
to turn upon its centre t and clamp the thread m against the other
piece p, whereby it becomes broken.
Another part of my Invention relates to another method of arresting
the passage of thick places, and is shewn at Fig. 7 and 8. Atv is a
stand adapted in any convenient manner to the machine, and formed
with a V groove to, along the bottom of which the thread travels, as
shewn by the red line. Affixed to the stand v are two fixings x, each
of which carries a needle y set at angles in both directions and pro-
jecting into the said V groove nearly to the bottom thereof, the space
left between the two being represented by the proper thickness of
thread to pass, and this may be regulated by adjusting the parts x.
As the thread passes as indicated it is cleaned by the sides of the
V groove and the needle points; but should a thick place occur it is
drawn on to the needle points, which then stab and arrest it, whereby
it becomes broken.
In adapting a thread it may of course be passed down between the
two angular needle points.
In the above description I have particularly referred to my Invention
as connected with winding machines; it may however in like manner
be adapted to roving machines for preparing cotton and other fibrous
materials; for this purpose however the arrangements shewn at Figs.
5, 6, 7, 8, arc to be preferred.
Another part of my Invention relates to the ordinary clearer of
winding machines, the object being to prevent the attendant from
lifting over a knotty place; this is shewn at Fig. 9, 10, in which is
the ordinary clearer plate provided with its ] slit as usual, leading to
which there is an angular slit 2 which however is not new,
it being
now used to catch the thread should the attendant attempt to lift it
over; but it is found that it does not always answer the purpose, I
therefore adapt a button 3 to the back of the plate, along the periphery
of which button the thread must be passed before it can be lifted out

page_text: of the slit, and the said button therefore leads the thread to the slit
which prevents it from being lifted out.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said In-
vention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire
it to be understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part
recited Letters Patent and for the purposes above set forth,—
Firstly. The use of clipping apparatus, substantially as described in
reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Secondly. The use of the V groove and needle points, described in
reference to Figs. 7, 8.
Thirdly. The use of the button 3 or similar guide for the thread
shewn at Figs. 9 and 10.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Oliver, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-