FEEDING THE PAPERC
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 17th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 2'st Mar.,
1896
The machine is built up of three superposed frames and of a funnel, the front
of the lowermost frame being provided with two supports and the rear part of the
same with the driving shaft on which are mounted cams actuating the different
parts of the machine.
FEEDING THE PAPER.
The bobbin with the paper, the width of which is equal to the length of paper
necessary for making a cigarette, is supported on the spindle of a U-shaped frame
fixed in front of the funnel. The strip of paper descends in front of the machine
and passes over a guide roller before entering horizontally between the two
cylinders of the feed mechanism which has for object to feed the width of paper
necessary for a cigarette. The lower feed cylinder is keyed to a spindle actuated
from the side by a rack which is driven by a sector carrying a roller which engages
in the slot of a toothed cam called No. 1 on the main or driving shaft.
In front of the paper feed mechanism I arrange the device for cutting the
paper, the said device being formed of two blades of which one is fixed and the
other is rotated by means of a connecting rod and a crank actuated by a cam
called No. 2 on the driving shaft.
DISTRIBUTING THE TOBACCO.
The tobacco is distributed by means of a measuring cup or funnel fixed to the
end of an arm keyed to a spindle passing through the top frame and rotated by a
dog fixed to a plate and engaging in a notch in a disc or plate adapted to operate
the cup and a tobacco agitator, which disc is caused to revolve at the same speed
as the main shaft by means of a wheel driven by cam No. 1. The dog is employed
to enable the distributing and agitating devices to be thrown out of gear when
desired.
In front of the vertical line passing through the axis of rotation of the cup
I arrange a double shoot provided with a projecting edge which receives the
tobacco thrown forward by the cup and divides the same into two portions which
fall down the two divisions of the shoot into a receptacle on a small frame, which
Price 8d |
A

page_text: out.
receptacle forms a sort of distributing chamber where the tobacco is evenly spread
A rake or plunger operates in this distributing chamber and is connected to
the end of a rod sliding in a bush in the small frame and actuated by two levers
one of which engages in a groove in a cam called No. 3. The rake or plunger
serves to push the tobacco quickly into the mould into which it falls vertically
without any stoppage.
MOULDING.
The moulding apparatus must be so formed that it encloses, during the manu-
facture of the cigarette, a space perfectly cylindrical or tubular but must also be
adapted to open to allow of the exit of the cigarette. It is therefore necessary
that this apparatus be composed of several movable parts which converge or move
towards the middle line of the apparatus in order to mould a cigarette. For this
purpose I employ a plate having an opening corresponding in shape to the dis-
tributing chamber fixed to the front of the small frame and continued downwards
as far as the middle line of the mould. A second plate without an opening is
arranged in front of the first plate at a distance from the same equal to the
diameter of the cigarette to be made and is held in position by stays or pins or by
other suitable means.
The working part of the moulding apparatus slides vertically between the two
plates, the said part being fixed to a guide which slides in a bush fixed to the front
of the top frame. The guide is actuated by a cam called No. 4 and a bell cranked
lever in engagement with the same.
It being necessary to cause the cigarette to issue from the lower part of the
mould, 1 effect this by making the said lower part of the mould in two parts which
separate so as to allow the finished cigarette to drop out. This separation may be
brought about in various ways and by different mechanical means and I shall only
describe here one arrangement as an example.
One of the parts of the bottom of the mould is fixed to a carrier which moves
vertically whilst the other part is fixed to a slide which moves horizontally, both
parts being actuated by means of a forked lever which engages in a cam called No. 5
and which is pivoted to the carrier and to a bell cranked lever connected to the
horizontal slide so that the cam actuates the carrier and slide simultaneously.
A. second forked lever actuated by the cam No. 5 oscillates in the small frame
and the prongs of the forked end close the sides of the mould at the moment when
the tobacco is emptied from the same on to the paper. Between the prongs and
behind the plate which is fixed to the front of the said small frame there is a
discharge orifice in communication with a compressed air pump actuated by a cam
called No. 6.
ROLLING.
The rolling apparatus, the axis of which passes through the axis of the moulding
apparatus, is situated on the left of the machine and is formed of a sleeve adapted
to turn in a bush in one of the before mentioned supports but is immovable
longitudinally. This sleeve is serrated or toothed on the side opposite the axis of
the machine and is traversed by a hole in which a mandrel or steel tube moves,
the said tube being provided with a slot in which is placed a bearing or block kept
in position by a screw screwed into the sleeve so that this steel tube revolves with
the latter and can also move longitudinally being actuated by a third forked lever
which is itself actuated by a cam called No. 7. The movement of rotation is
obtained by means of a sector which gears with the sleeve and is keyed to an
intermediate shaft, the whole being actuated by a cam called No. 8.
The first part of the rolling device comprises a thin plate straight longitudinally
but curved transversely and fixed to the end of the steel tube in the following
manner; the end of the said tube is reduced to a diameter equal to the inside
diameter of the rolling device and is split by a saw cut and provided with a screw-
thread in the interior so as to receive a conical screw. At the end of the rolling

page_text: device there is fitted a ring enclosing the whole. The space remaining between
this ring and the thinned portion of the tube not occupied by the rolling device
is filled by a piece of tube of the same thickness as the rolling device.
When the conical screw is tightened the whole becomes attached together, the
split part of the tube being caused to open out by the conical screw.
A hook prevents any accidental sliding movement.
The second part of the rolling apparatus is formed by a second sleeve or short
spindle also thinned at one end but having no hole through. it and revolving in a
bush. The movement of rotation is effected by means of a sector keyed on the
intermediate shaft which causes the two sleeves to rotate together.
The interior end of the said second sleeve is provided with a longitudinal hole
for receiving a rod adapted to fill the hole whilst leaving a space for the end of the
roller device which it carries with it in its movements.
A rod slides in the steel tube, the end of the said rod being provided with a fork
having for object to prevent the cigarette from accompanying the roller device
when the latter is extracted. This internal rod is connected to a second rod by a
cross bar and is actuated by a cam called No. 9 and a lever.
FOLDING.
The closing of the ends of the cigarette is effected by means of two pairs of
devices acting one after the other.
I call the first pair folders and the second pair fingers.
The folders are formed by two vertical rods connected together by a cross-bar
in the head of which a lever engages, this lever being actuated by a cam
called No. 10. These vertical rods are only intermediate devices for altering the
movement. The folders properly so called are mounted on the front of the small
frame and on each side of the mould. Their working ends are tapered to a special
form and are suitably actuated by means of a curved slot which works on two
adjustable fixed points. The folders are connected to the vertical rods by two
small pivoted connecting rods.
On the side of the before mentioned roller device or curved plate there is
arranged a stop fixed to one of the vertical rods and which has for object to slightly
bend the roller device at the moment when it enters the mould for the purpose of
preventing it from striking against the edge of the same.
The devices called the fingers comprise two horizontal spindles revolving in two
bushes fixed to the before mentioned vertical guide, the axis of rotation of these
two spindles being below the bottom of the mould.
The finger carriers, provided with the fingers proper, are fixed to the ends of
these spindles and two pinions on the said spindles are driven by two sectors
actuated by cam No. and by a lever provided with friction rollers. When the
vertical guide descends the fingers are actuated by the sectors and aid the discharge
of the cigarette.
The operation of the machine is as follows,-
The funnel is filled with tobacco and the bobbin arranged in place. The machine
is then started (the lower part of the mould being open and the upper part of the
mould in the act of rising but not yet having opened the entrance of the distributing
chamber, and the prongs being lowered) and a sufficient length of paper to form a
cigarette is fed forward, the lower part of the mould closes and the upper part of
the same rises whilst the roller device enters the mould under the paper and in
contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the mould, that is to say, it
euters the mould between the paper and the inner surface of the lower part of the
mould. The upper part of the mould is now at the top of its upward stroke and
the rake or plunger pushes the tobacco on to the paper. The upper part of the
mould now descends and compresses the tobacco on to the paper which is caused to
assume the shape formed by the inner surface of the roller device and the lower
part of the mould. During the compression the front free end of the paper gives

page_text: way and approaches the edge of the mould but remains a few millimetres removed
therefrom and the required length of paper is cut off by means of the cutters.
The roller device now commences to rotate whereby the front end of the paper
is doubled over the front edge of the roller device thus causing the paper to be
carried around in the mould with the latter. The rotation of the roller device
continues until the rear end of the paper has entered the mould. The central rod
now advances and the roller device leaves the mould without removing the cigarette
which is left free from tobacco at the ends for allowing of folding the same.
The
folders now descend and fold the upper half of each end of the rolled cigarette
paper projecting from the ends of the mould into the cigarette and then return to
their original position. The spindles carrying the fingers are now rotated whereby
the said fingers are moved upwards and force up the lower projecting ends of the
cigarette paper into the end of the cigarette thereby finishing the folding of the
same. The fingers now return to their original position and the bottom part of
the mould opens whilst the pump projects a jet of air on to the finished cigarette
and forces it outwards. As soon as the descending mould has freed the entrance
to the distributing chamber the rake or plunger moves backwards to permit fresh
tobacco to fall for the next cigarette.
Dated this 16th day of May 1895.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Cigarette Machines.
I, FERDINAND GIRARD, of 25, Rue Bolivard, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in cigarette machines and has for object
to provide a machine adapted to make cigarettes at great speed.
My improved machine is adapted to perform the following operations.
1. Feed the paper from bobbins.
2. Distribute the required quantity of tobacco.
3. Mould the tobacco.
4. Roll the paper around the tobacco.
5. Close the ends of the cigarette.
6. Discharge the finished cigarette.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe it by reference to
the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a. cigarette making machine constructed
according to my invention:
Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1:
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1 seen from the right
side:
''
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the lower part of the machine:
Figure 5 is a similar view seen from the right side :
Figures 6 to 21 are detail views.
The machine is built up of three superposed frames 1, 2 and 3 and of a funnel 4,
the front of the lowermost frame 1 being provided with two bearings or supports 5
and 6 and the rear part of the same with the driving shaft on which are
mounted cams 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 actuating the different parts of the
machine.
I...

page_text: DISTRIBUTING THE TOBACCO.
The tobacco is distributed by means of a measuring cup or funnel fixed to the
end of an arm 25 keyed to a spindle passing through the top frame 3 and rotated
by a dog 26 fixed to a disc or cam 28 and engaging in a notch in a disc adapted to
operate the cup and a tobacco agitator 27, which disc is caused to revolve at the
same speed as the main shaft by means of a wheel 29 driven by the cam 10. The
dog 26 is employed to enable the distributing and agitating devices to be thrown
out of gear when desired.
In front of the vertical line passing through the axis of rotation of the cup
I arrange a double shoot 30 (shewn on an. enlarged scale in Figures 6 and 7) pro-
vided with a projecting edge or lip 31 which receives the tobacco thrown forward
by the cup and divides the same into two portions which fall down the two
divisions 32 of the shoot into a receptacle 33 on a small frame 34, which receptacle 33
forms a sort of distributing chamber where the tobacco is evenly spread out. A
rake or plunger 35 operates in this distributing chamber and is connected to the
end of a rod sliding in a bush in the small frame 34 and actuated by two levers 36
and 37 one of which engages with the cam 28. The rake or plunger 35 serves to
push the tobacco quickly into the mould into which it falls vertically without any
stoppage.
MOULDING.
The moulding apparatus must be so formed that it encloses, during the manu-
facture of the cigarette, a space perfectly cylindrical or tubular and must also be
adapted to open to allow of the exit of the cigarette. It is therefore necessary that
this apparatus be composed of several movable parts which converge or move
towards the middle line of the apparatus in order to mould a cigarette. For this
purpose I employ the device shewn on an enlarged scale in Figures 8 and 9. In
this device a plate 38 having an opening corresponding in shape to the distributing
chamber, is fixed to the front of the small frame 34 and continued downwards as
far as the middle line of the mould. A second plate 40 without an opening is
arranged in front of the first plate 38 at a distance from the same equal to the
diameter of the cigarette to be made and is held in position by stays or pins 39 or
by other suitable means.
The working part 41 of the moulding apparatus slides vertically between thé
two plates, the said part being fixed to a guide 42 which slides in a bush fixed to
the front of the top frame 3. The guide 42 is actuated by a cam 11 and a bell
crank lever 43 in engagement with the same.
It being necessary to cause the cigarette to issue from the lower part of the
mould, I effect this by making the said lower part of the mould in two parts 44
and 45 which separate so as to allow the finished cigarette to drop out. This

page_text: separation may be brought about in various ways and by different mechanical
means and I shall only describe here one arrangement as an example.
The part 44 of the bottom of the mould is fixed to a carrier 46 which moves
vertically whilst the other part 45 is fixed to a slide 47 which moves horizontally
in such a manner that when the cigarette is about to be ejected the three parts 41,
44 and 45 are in the position shewn in dotted lines in Figure 8. The parts 44
and 45 are actuated by means of a forked lever which engages in the cam 12 has
its fulcrum at 49 and is pivoted at 51 to the carrier 46 and to a bell crank lever 50
connected to the horizontal slide so that the cam actuates the carrier and slide
simultaneously.
A second forked lever 52 actuated by the cam 12 oscillates in the small frame 34
and the prongs 53 of the forked end close the sides of the mould at the moment
when the tobacco is emptied from the same on to the paper. Between the prongs 53
and behind the plate 38, which as above stated is fixed to the front of the said
small frame, there is a discharge orifice 54 in communication with a compressed air
pump 6 actuated by the cam 14.
ROLLING.
The rolling apparatus, the axis of which passes through the axis of the moulding
apparatus, is situated on the left of the machine and is formed, as shewn in an
enlarged scale in Figure 10 of a sleeve 55 adapted to turn in a bush 5 in one of the
before mentioned supports but is immovable longitudinally. This sleeve is serrated
or toothed on the side opposite the axis of the machine and is traversed by a hole
in which a mandrel or steel tube 56 moves, the said tube being provided with a slot
in which is placed a bearing or block kept in position by a screw screwed into the
sleeve so that this steel tube revolves with the latter and can also move longi-
tudinally being actuated by a forked lever 58 which is itself actuated by a cam 8.
The movement of rotation is obtained by means of a sector 59 which gears with
the sleeve 55 and is keyed to an intermediate shaft 60, the whole being actuated
by the cam 9 through the medium of the lever 61.
The first part of the rolling device comprises a thin plate 62 straight longi-
tudinally but curved transversely as shewn in Figure 11 and fixed to the end of
the steel tube in the following manner: the end of the said tube 56 is reduced to a
diameter equal to the inside diameter of the rolling device 62, as shewn at 90
Figure 12, and is split by a saw cut and provided with a screw-thread in the
interior so as to receive a conical screw 63. At the end of the rolling device there
is fitted a ring 81 enclosing the whole. The space remaining between this ring and
the thinned portion 90 of the tube not occupied by the rolling device is filled by a
piece of tube 82 of the same thickness as the rolling device.
When the conical screw 63 is tightened the whole becomes tightened, the split
part of the tube being caused to open out by the said screw.
A pin 83 prevents any accidental sliding movement.
The second part of the rolling apparatus is formed by a short spindle 55 bis also
thinned at one end but having no hole through it and revolving in a bearing 6.
The movement of rotation is effected by means of a sector 64 keyed on the
intermediate shaft 60 which causes the two sleeves to rotate together.
The inner end of the said spindle 55 is provided with a longitudinal hole for
receiving a rod 65 adapted to fill the hole whilst leaving a space for the end of the
roller device which it carries with it in its movements.
A rod 66 slides in the steel tube, the end of the said rod being provided with a
projection or fork having for object to prevent the cigarette from accompanying
the roller device when the latter is extracted. This internal rod is connected to
a screwed rod 67 by a cross pin 68 and is actuated by the cam 7 and a
lever 69.
To roll the paper round the tobacco, the paper is caused to advance to the
position shewn in Figure 13 a little before the bottom of the mould closes, and the
roller device enters under the paper close against the sides of the part 44 of

page_text: the said bottom, that is to say, comes between the paper and the bottom of the
mould. The upper part 41 of the mould having ascended the plunger 35 pushes.
the tobacco on to the paper as shewn in Figure 13.
The upper part 41 of the mould redescends as shewn in Figure 14 and compresses.
the tobacco onto the paper which then becomes curved to the shape of the internal
surface of the rolier device and the part 45 of the bottom of the mould. During
the period of compression the free end A of the sheet of paper which gives under
pressure approaches the edge of the bottom of the mould but stops at a few
millimetres from the same. The cutters then cut the sheet at B.
The roller device then commences to move in the direction of the arrow,.
Figure 15, and doubles the end of the paper over its forward edge so as to carry
the paper with it in its movement. This movement continues until the paper and
roller device have reached the position shewn in Figure 16, that is to say, until
the end B of the strip of paper has been pulled into the mould to the position C.
The central rod 66 now acts on the tobacco and the roller device is withdrawn
from the mould leaving .the cigarette rolled the tobacco only extending to within
a few millimetres of each end so as to leave sufficient paper for folding in:
the ends.
FOLDING.
The closing of the ends of the cigarette is effected by means of two pairs of
devices acting one after the other.
I call the first pair folders and the second pair fingers.
The folders are formed by two vertical rods 70 (Figure 1) connected together
by a cross-bar 71 in the head of which a lever 72 engages, this lever being actuated
by a cam 73. These vertical rods are only intermediate devices for altering the
movement. The folders properly so called 74, which are shewn to an enlarged
scale in Figure 9, are mounted on the front of the frame 34 and on each side of
the mould. Their working ends are tapered as shewn in the drawing and are
actuated by means of a plate having a curved slot which works on two adjustable.
fixed points 75 and 76. The folders are connected to the vertical rods 70 by two.
small pivoted connecting rods 77.
On the side of the before mentioned roller device or curved plate there is.
arranged a stop 78 fixed to one of the vertical rods 70 and having for object to
slightly bend the roller device at the moment when it enters the mould for the
purpose of preventing it from striking against the edge of the same.
The devices called the fingers comprise two horizontal spindles revolving in two.
bushes fixed to the before mentioned vertical guide 46, the axis of rotation of these
two spindles being below the bottom of the mould.
The finger carriers, provided with the fingers proper, are fixed to the ends of
these spindles and two pinions on the said spindles are driven by two sectors on
the spindle 79 and actuated by cam 13 and by a lever provided with friction
rollers and keyed to the spindle 79. When the vertical guide 46 descends.
the fingers are actuated by the sectors and aid the discharge of the cigarette.
The folding operation is effected at each end as follows:-The folder 74 descends.
and folds about half the paper inwardly as shewn in Figures 17 and 18. It then.
reascends. The finger 80, which consists of a thin blade or plate, beak shaped.
and mounted on a spindle having its centre of rotation at X so that the said finger
moves in the direction of the arrow Figure 17 and doubles the paper over its
forward edge and forces it then into the tobacco as shewn in Figures 19 and 20..
The finger then moves back and the cigarette is ejected.
The end of the cigarette when closed presents the appearance shewn in
Figure 21.
The operation of the machine is as follows,-
The funnel is filled with tobacco and the bobbin arranged in place. The machine
is then started (the lower part of the mould being open and the upper part of the
mould in the act of rising but not yet having opened the entrance of the distributing:

page_text: chamber, and the prongs being lowered) and a sufficient length of paper to form a
cigarette is fed forward, the lower part of the mould closes and the upper part of
the same rises whilst the roller device enters the mould under the paper and in
contact with the inner surface of the lower part of the mould, that is to say, it
enters the mould between the paper and the inner surface of the lower part of the
mould. The upper part of the mould is now at the top of its upward stroke and
the rake or plunger pushes the tobacco on to the paper. The upper part of the mould
now descends and compresses the tobacco on to the paper which is caused to
assume.the shape formed by the inner surface of the roller device and the lower
part of the mould. During the compression the front free end of the paper gives
way and approaches the edge of the mould but remains a few millimetres
removed therefrom and the required length of paper is cut off by means of the
cutters.
The roller device now commences to rotate whereby the front end of the paper
is doubled over the front edge of the roller device thus causing the paper to be
carried around in the mould with the latter. The rotation of the roller device
continues until the rear end of the paper has entered the mould. The central rod
now advances and the roller device. leaves the mould without removing the cigarette
which is left free from tobacco at the ends for allowing of folding the same.
The
folders now descend and fold the upper half of each end of the rolled cigarette
paper projecting from the ends of the mould into the cigarette and then return to
their original position. The spindles carrying the fingers are now rotated whereby
the said fingers are moved upwards and force up the lower projecting ends of the
cigarette paper into the end of the cigarette thereby finishing the folding of the
same. The fingers now return to their original position and the bottom part of
the mould opens whilst the pump projects a jet of air on to the finished cigarette
and forces it outwards. As soon as the descending mould has freed the entrance
to the distributing chamber the rake or plunger moves backwards to permit fresh
tobacco to fall for the next cigarette.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a cigarette making machine the arrangement of the mould and of the
distributing chamber into which the tobacco enters by one or more channels so as
to be projected vertically on to the paper by means of a rake or plunger substantially
as described.
2. In a cigarette making machine the employment of lateral forks for closing the
sides of the mould so as to prevent the tobacco from falling out during its fall and
compression substantially as described.
3. In a cigarette machine forming the lower part of the mould in two parts so
as to enable the cigarette to be discharged between the two parts when separated
from one another by causing one or both of the parts to move in any direction by
any suitable means substantially as described.
4. The combination with a cigarette making machine of folders adapted to move
in a curved path, substantially as described.
5. In a cigarette making machine feeding the tobacco continuously and
controlling the feed substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
6. The improved machine consisting of the parts constructed and combined
substantially in the manner herein before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings and operating as and for the purposes described.
Dated the 17th day of February 1896.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.