CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE LOCKS OF FIRE-ARMS AND CANNONS, AND IN GUN MATCHES, OR IN THE MODE OF IGNITING GUNPOWDER USED IN GUNS, AND IN MACHINERY
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
the said JOSEPH MAXIMILIAN RITTER VON WINIWARTER, of Surrey
Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Doctor of Law, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the fifteenth year
of Her reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Maxi-
milian Ritter von Winiwarter, my exors, adññors, and assigns, Her
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said Joseph Maximilian Ritter von Winiwarter, my exors, admors,
and assigns, and such others as I, the said Joseph Maximilian
Ritter von Winiwarter, my exors, admors, and assigns, should at
any time agrec, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE LOCKS OF FIRE-ARMS AND CANNONS, AND IN GUN MATCHES,
OR IN THE MODE OF IGNITING GUNPOWDER USED IN GUNS, AND IN MACHINERY

page_text: FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME;" in which said Letters Patent there
is contained a proviso, that I, the said Joseph Maximilian Ritter
von Winiwarter, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso I, the
said Joseph Maximilian Ritter von Winniwarter, do hereby declare
the nature of certain improvements in the locks of fire-arms and
cannons and in gun matches, or in the mode of igniting gunpowder
used in guns, and in machinery for manufacturing the same, to
consist in the use of the following ingredients in the following pro-
portions according to weight in the preparation of gun matches.
1st. 300 Fulminating mercury.
288 Chlorate of potassa.
312 Sulphate of antimony.
FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME;" in which said Letters Patent there
is contained a proviso, that I, the said Joseph Maximilian Ritter
von Winiwarter, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso I, the
said Joseph Maximilian Ritter von Winniwarter, do hereby declare
the nature of certain improvements in the locks of fire-arms and
cannons and in gun matches, or in the mode of igniting gunpowder
used in guns, and in machinery for manufacturing the same, to
consist in the use of the following ingredients in the following pro-
portions according to weight in the preparation of gun matches.
1st. 300 Fulminating mercury.
288 Chlorate of potassa.
312 Sulphate of antimony.
60 Charcoal and saltpetre.
the following proportions: 16.7 charcoal, 63-3 saltpeter.
23 Ferrocyanide of potassium.
6 Binoxide of lead.
900 Etheroxylin { Pyroxylin 75.
ether 150.
2dly. 75 Fulminating zinc.
4 Chlorate of potassa.
7 Sulphate of antimony.
15 Binoxide of lead.
224 Etheroxylin.
1 Ferrocyanide of potassium.
21 7K A

page_text: In all the combinations above described the ingredients are
formed into a homogeneous composition, and subsequently made
into matches of the shape hereafter explained.
The explosive materials having been previously pulverized, a
certain quantity is put into the machine marked A, and B, in
Drawing Sheet 1. A, represents an elevation, and B, a section of a
mixing machine, having a cylinder of about six inches in diameter;
at end of this cylinder is a piston which has a movement commu-
nicated to it by means of drums, wheels, and screws, as shewn; in
the centre of the cylinder a perforated brass plate marked g, is
fixed, and the material to be acted upon (being placed in the
cylinder) is forced through the plate marked g, by the alternate
motion of the two pistons, until the whole becomes thoroughly in-
corporated in one homogeneous mass. A portion is thus placed
in the machine represented in Sheet 2, in which represents &
space in which the material is placed, and by the action of an
hydraulic press the material is forced upwards into a brass plate,
having in this case about five hundred holes corresponding in form
with the matches to be produced; the matches being thus pressed
the plate is removed, and the operation repeated. After they have
remained in the plate about five minutes they drop out; the brass
plate is more particularly shewn in Sheet 3; the matches thus
produced are placed in a sieve, and allowed to remain in a dry
atmosphere for about fourteen days, when they are ready for use.
I also claim the mode of preparing the etheroxylin, which I perform
in the following manner: -One and a half weight of cotton wool
pulp used in making paper or sawdust is mixed with a liquid com-
posed of twelve parts weight of sulphuric acid of the specific
gravity of 1.815, and 6 of nitric acid, after which the mixture
is allowed to remain at rest about six hours; during that time
the noxious vapours generated are drawn off. At the expira
tion of this period the fibrous material is perfectly cleansed with
water, and freed from the surplus acid, and finally carefully dried;
this prepared pyroxylin is moistened with spirits of wine, the requi-
site quantity of ether being added; when the whole is dissolved it
is ready for use.

page_text: The three above-described compositions can be used with fire-
arms constructed with the ordinary percussion locks; these matches
are bronzed or otherwise colored to improve their appearance; the
application of these matches to fire-arms adapted to percussion caps
requires only the removal of the nipple, and to be replaced by one
shewn on Sheet 4, in which Figure (a) represents the match, and
Figure 5, the nipple.
I have heretofore considered the form of the match and nipple
as above described to be the most desirable.
For the purpose of facilitating the application of these matches
I can employ a small apparatus for priming; this primer consists of
a spiral groove in which a series of matches are placed, in the centre
of which a spiral spring acts, so as to press the matches continually
forward and opposite the aperture marked (k).
Having now described the nature of my Invention, I wish it to
be understood that I do not claim the precise form of matches herein-
before described, neither do I confine myself to the exact nature
of the machinery used for the above purposes. What I do claim is,
the composition in the proportion as above described, and the
mixing machine having a perforated plate, as well as the mode of
forming the matches as before described. Moreover, I claim the
mode of preparing the etheroxylin as before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Maximilian Ritter von
Winniwarter, do hereby set my hand and seal at Vienna,
this Seventh day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
ԸՐ

page_text: Dass die vorstehende urkunde von dem Herrn Josef Max.
Ritter von Winiwarter, Hof- und Gerichtsadvocaten, zu Wien
wohnhaft, Innere Stadt, numero achthundert fünf und achzig, als
aussteller, in gegenwart der mir persönlich bekannten herrn,
zeugen, Jacob Berger, Rechtsconcipienten, in der Leopoldstadt,
numero 264, und Eduard Knisch, Advokaturs-Sollicitators, auf der
Wieden, numero 347 wohnhaft, welche beide den herrn aussteller
persönlich kennen, in meiner Notariatskanzley, Innere Stadt,
numero siebenhundert fünf und siebzig, von mir unterfertigt
worden sey, bestätige ich mit berufung auf das heute zur selben
zahl auf 15 x stämpl aufgenommen und ordnungsmässig ge-
fertigte protokoll, unter beifügung meiner ämtlichen fertigung
und meines amts-siegels. Wien, am Siebenten Juli, Ein tausend
achthundert zwei und fünfzig (1852).
Von der Notariatskammer im Erzherzogthum Österreich unter
der Enns wird beurkundigt, dass vorstehend die wahre unterschrift
vom Herrn D Josef August Eltz, becideten Notar für den No-
tarsbezirk der K.K. Reichshauptstadt Wien ist, und derselben
vollkommen glauben beizumessen sey.
Wien. am Achten Juli. Ein tausend achthundert zwei und fünfzig.

page_text: Die ächtheit der vorstehenden amtsfertigung der Notariats-
kammer für das Kronland Oesterreich unter der Enns wird hiermit
bestätigt,.
(Seal.)
Wien, den 8 Juli 1852.
Füge den Justiz Minister,
der Unter-Staats sekretär
Freiherr von Stolzhammer.
STOURZH.
Für die richtigkeit der vorstehenden fertigung,
(Seal.).
Wien, den 8 Juli 852
Vom K.K. Ministerium des Äussern..
FRHR. V. MENSTGENGEN,
-
.K. Hof u.. Ministl. Sctr..
•
:
::
Certified at the British Legation that the above is the signature
of the Rofáth Menthengen..
Vienna, 8th day of July
1852.
(L.S.) ODO RUSSELL.
This is the Specification marked with the letter A, referred to in
the annexed affidavit of James Hertslett, sworn before me this 22nd
day of July 1852.
D. DREW.
James Hertslet, Sub-Librarian of the Foreign Office, Downing St.,
Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, maketh oath and saith, that
he is acquainted with the manner and character of the handwriting
of Odo Russell, Attaché to the British Legation at Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria. And this deponent further saith, that the
signature of "Odo Russell" set, subscribed, or written in the margin
of the Specification hereunto annexed marked A, and dated the
eighth day of July instant, and purporting to be executed by Joseph
Maximilian Ritter von Winiwarter, of Surrey Street, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, Great Britain, whereby it is stated that the
Specification was acknowledged by him, the said Joseph Maximilian
Ritter von Winiwarter, before the said Odo Russell, on the said

page_text: D. DREW.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the oath of James Hertslet
the Specification aforesaid was enrolled word for word as above
written; and also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-sixth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.