IMPROVED SLIDE VALVE AND VALVE GEAR FOR STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES AND PUMPS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I RAMIRO DE PALACIOS of 134 Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin in the Empire of
Germany do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVED SLIDE
VALVE AND VALVE GEAR FOR STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES AND PUMPS to be as
follows:
;
This Invention relates to an improved valve gear for steam and other engines
and pumps and it consists in a distribution valve constructed and actuated directly
by tappets on the piston rod, as hereafter specified. I will describe the invention
as applied to a steam engine and in order that it may be more readily understood
I have illustrated it in the accompanying drawings in which figure is a longi-
tudinal section of the cylinder with a single valve. Figure 2 is a similar view
representing a cylinder with two valves arranged symmetrically one at either side
and figure 3 is a top plan of figure 2 with the upper tappet removed.
Referring to figure.1 it will be seen that the valve E which is of circular section
and works like a piston within a cylindrical valve chest B of the same or other
length as the cylinder A, the length of the valve E being less than that of the
valve chest by the amount of its travel. The valve chest B has a circular inlet
steam port a at exactly the middle of its length and the valve E has two corres
sponding circular ports d d separated by a central interval e and which ports on
the valve reaching one or other end of its stroke, respectively coincide with or
come opposite to the steam port a of the valve chest. Both the ports a d¹ lead
into the same longitudinal passage b in the valve which terminates near each end
of the valve in circular ports c c on the side next the cylinder A and which on the
valve reaching one or other end of its stroke respectively coincide with corre
sponding ports g g¹ leading into the cylinder A. Opposite to or on the same level
with these ports g g' are exhaust ports h h¹ in, the valve chest, at one or other of
which the exhaust steam escapes past the end of the valve E when the latter is at
the opposite end of its stroke.
All these ports and the faces eff of those portions of the valve which work
over and close the ports a g g' and the faces q q₁ of the valve chest may be of
equal diameter or width as in figures 1, 2, and 4 that is to say the diameters of
ports a g gh h¹ and of the ports dbcc, the width of the working
faces q q₁ and of those eff¹ are all equal to one another. Or as in figure 5 the

page_text: diameters of all the ports are equal to one another but less than the width of the
working faces q.ql and e f f which are also equal to one another. Or as in
figure 6 the diameters of ports d d¹bc c¹ are equal to one another but less than the
ports a g gh h' which are also equal to one another, but are less than the width
of the faces q qef f¹ which are also equal to one another. In figure 4 the
induction and eduction ports are equal and the closure is instantaneous. In
figure 5 the induction and eduction ports are also equal but the closure is longer and
surer and in figure 6 the eduction ports are larger than the induction the closure
being nearly the same as in figure 5. In all cases whatever may be the proportions
the port a must be exactly at the middle of the valve chest B and the interval e at
the middle of the valve E.
To reduce the frictional surface of the valve in its chest, the portions inter-
_mediate of its working faces would be channelled or made of reduced diameter and
supplied with oil by suitable lubricators connected with orifices i i¹.
The valve is attached at the ends to 'valve rods m m³ passing through the
adjacent ends of the valve chest and attached respectively to cross heads, H H¹
whose other ends are either connected by a rod G passing through. holes in the
cylinder covers and alongside the cylinder; at the opposite side-thereof as in
figure 1, or by another valve similar to the first and symmetrical therewith as in
figures 2 and 3, the whole in either case forming a rigid frame capable of receiving
reciprocating motion in the direction of the length of the cylinder, to the extent of
the travel of the valve, which as before mentioned is equal to the difference in
length between the valve and its chest. This motion is imparted to it by the
piston C having adjacent bosses F F¹ and a rod D carried through both covers of
the cylinder A and passing freely through holes p p¹ in the crossheads H H¹ said
rod having fixed upon it collars or tappets N N¹ which just before the piston
reaches the one or other end of its stroke respectively abut against the one or other
crosshead H H¹ and move the valve E across the cylinder ports g g¹, first cutting
off and then reversing the induction and eduction of steam. These collars, or
tappets N N¹ are fixed on the piston rod by means of set screws and can be
adjusted nearer to one another to vary the point in the piston stroke at which they
act on the valve and consequently to vary the length of the piston stroke itself if
required.
..IN
1.4%
The operation is as follows: The piston C having arrived at the bottom of the
cylinder ▲ and just previous thereto having by means of tappet N¹ moved the
valve E to the bottom of the valve chest B, steam is admitted through a d
bc and g to the underside of the "piston' C and raises it, the valve meanwhile
remaining stationary, whilst the exhaust steam escapes at g h¹ across the valve
chest B and past the top end of the valve. Shortly before the piston C reaches the
top of its stroke, the tappet N on the lower end of the piston rod D, strikes thé
adjacent crosshead H and moves the valve E towards the upper 'end of the valve
chest, B. In this motion of the valve, its faces ff and e first pass over and close
simultaneously all the ports g g¹a and h h, which is a very important feature of
the invention; after which it passes on until it reaches the upper end of the valve
chest thus reversing the direction of the induction and eduction of steam, where-
upon steam is admitted through a d b c and g to the upper side of the piston, the
exhaust steam then escaping at g and h' across the valve chest and past the lower
end of the valve, and the same operation is repeated for the next stroke in 'the
opposite direction. "
'
The valve E is cushioned at the end of its stroke by the exhaust" steam
imprisoned between the end of the valve and the cover of the valve chest and
which escapes with some resistance alongside the valve rod 'm (or m³) which pass
through holes in the valve chest covers which are unprovided with stuffing boxes,
to permit of such escape.
14
11. 1.
In the case of a vertical cylinder of large size, the valve gear frame would be
suitably counterbalanced and the lower cover of the valve chest would have small
holes for the escane of condensed water"!" 12.
***

page_text: The valve rods m m' if of round section would be screwed into the ends of the
valve E and secured by cotters 8, and would be secured to the crossheads HH' by
lock nuts n, o, n¹ o¹ and by square collars k k cottered to the rods m m¹ and
countersunk in corresponding recesses in the crossheads to prevent them from
turning, the rod G being secured to the opposite ends of the crossheads by similar
collars and lock-nuts n² o² n³ o³.
Or the valve rod may be of square section as in figure 2 in which case the collars
are not required.
This improved valve gear which is strong durable and easily and cheaply con-
structed can be employed with suitable modifications in its proportions in all
situations such as in ships, mines, vehicles and engines generally, whether actuated
by steam, compressed air, gas or water power.
•

page_text: I RAMIRO DE PALACIOS, 134 Leipzigerstrasse Berlin, Germany, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVED SLIDE VALVE AND VALVE
GEAR FOR STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES AND PUMPS " and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to an improved valve gear for steam and other engines
.and pumps and it consists in a distribution valve constructed and actuated directly
by tappets on the piston rod, as hereafter specified. I will describe the Invention
as applied to a steam engine and in order that it may be more readily understood.
I have illustrated it in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a
⚫ longitudinal section of the cylinder with a single valve. Figure 2. is a similar view
representing a cylinder with two valves arranged symmetrically one at either side
and Figure 3 is a top plan of figure 2 with the upper tappet removed.
Referring to figure 1 it will be seen that the valve E which is of circular section
and works like a piston within a cylindrical valve chest B of the same or other
length as the cylinder A, the length of the valve E being less than that of the valve
chest by the amount of its travel. The valve chest B has a circular inlet steam
port a at exactly the middle of its length and the valve E has two corresponding
circular ports d d¹ separated by a central interval e and which ports on the valve
reaching one or other end of its stroke, respectively-coincide-with-or-come-opposite-
to the steam port a of the valve chest. Both the ports d d lead into the same
longitudinal passage b in the valve which terminates near each end of the valve in
circular ports c c² on the side next the cylinder A and which on the valve reaching
one or other end of its stroke respectively coincide with corresponding ports g, g¹
leading into the cylinder A. Opposite to or on the same level with these-ports g g¹
are exhaust ports h h in the valve chest, at one or other of which the exhaust
steam, escapes past the end of the valve E when the latter is at the opposite end of
its stroke.
All these ports and the faces eff¹ of those portions of the valve which work
over and close the ports a'g g¹ and the faces qq¹ of the valve chest may be of equal
diameter or width as in figures 1, 2 and 4, that is to say the diameters of ports
ag g' h, h, and of the ports d d be c¹, the width of the working faces q q' and of
those eff are all equal to one another. Or as in figure 5, the diameters of all
the ports are equal to one another, but less than the width of the working
faces q q¹ and eff¹, which are also equal to one another. Or as in Figure 6, the
diameters of ports d.d, b c c are equal to one another but less than the ports
ay g' h h¹, which are also equal to one another, but are less than the width of the
faces q q¹ eff¹ which are also equal to one another. In figure 4 the induction
and eduction ports are equal and the closure is instantaneous. In figure 5 the
induction and eduction ports are also equal, but the closure is longer and surer
and in figure 6. the eduction ports are larger than the induction, the closure being
nearly the same as in figure 5. In all cases whatever may be the proportions, the

page_text: port a must be exactly at the middle of the valve chest B and the intervals at the
middle of the valve E. To reduce the frictional surface of the valve in its chest,
the portions intermediate of its working faces would be channelled or made of
reduced diameter and supplied with oil by suitable lubricators' connected with
orifices ¿ ¿¹.
The valve is attached at the ends to valve rods m m¹ passing through the
adjacent, ends of the valve chest, and attached respectively to cross heads HH,
whose other ends are either connected by a rod G passing through holes in the
cylinder covers and alongside the cylinder, at the opposite side thereof as: in
figure 1, or by another valve similar to the first and symmetrical therewith, as in
figures 2 and 3; the whole in either case forming a rigid frame capable of receiving
reciprocating motion in the direction of the length of the cylinder, to the extent of
the travel of the valve, which as before mentioned is equal to the difference in
length between the valve and its chest. This motion is imparted to it by the
piston C having adjacent bosses F F and a rod D carried through both covers of the
cylinder A and passing freely through holes p p¹ in the cross heads H.H!, said rod
having fixed upon it collars or tappets N N which just before the piston reaches
the one or other end of its stroke respectively.abut against the one or other. cross-
head H H and move the valve E across the cylinder ports ġ g¹, first cutting off and
then reversing the induction and eduction of steam. These collars or tappets N N¹
are fixed on the piston rod by means of set screws and can be adjusted nearer to
one another to vary the point in the piston stroke at which they act on the valve
and consequently to vary the length of the piston stroke itself if required.
-
The operation is as follows: The piston C having arrived at the hottom of the
cylinder A and just previous thereto having by means of tappet N¹ moved the
valve E to the bottom of the valve chest .B, steam is admitted through a d¹ b c
and g to the underside of the piston C and raises it, the valve meanwhile remaining
stationary, whilst the exhaust steam escapes at g' h¹ across the valve chest B and
past the top end of the valve. Shortly before the piston C reaches the top of its
stroke, the tappet N on the lower end of the piston rod D, strikes the adjacent_
cross head H and moves the valve E towards the upper end of the valve chest B."
In this motion of the valve, its faces f f' and e first pass over and close simul-
taneously all the ports g g¹, a and h h¹, which is a very important feature of the
invention; after which it passes on until it reaches the upper end of the valve
chest, thus reversing the direction of the induction and eduction of steam,
whereupon steam is admitted through ad b c¹ and g¹ to the upper side of the
piston, the exhaust steam then escaping at g and h across the valve chest and past
the lower end of the valve, and the same operation is repeated for the next stroke
in 'the opposite direction.
The valve E is cushioned at the end of its stroke by the exhaust steam
imprisoned between the end of the valve and the cover of the valve chest and
which escapes with some resistance alongside the valve rod m (or m¹) which passes
through holes in the valve chest covers which are unprovided with stuffing boxes
to permit of such escape.
In the case of a vertical cylinder of large size, the valve gear frame would be
suitably counterbalanced and the lower cover of the valve chest would have small
holes for the escape of condensed water.
The valve rods m, m¹ if of round section would be screwed into the ends of the
valve E and secured by cotters 8 and would be secured to the cross heads H H¹ by
lock nuts n, o, n' o¹ and by square collars kk cottered to the rods m m¹ and
countersunk in corresponding recesses in the crossheads to prevent them from
turning, the rod G being secured to the opposite ends of the crossheads by similar
collars and lock nuts n o² n³ o³.
Or the valve rod may be of square section as in figure 2 in which case the
collars are not required.
This improved valve gear which is strong durable and easily and cheaply.
constructed can be employed with suitable modifications in its proportions in all

page_text: situations such as in ships, mines, vehicles; and engines generally, whether actuated
by steam, compressed air, gas or water power.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and, in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st A valve for steam and other engines, working like a piston in a valve chest
the valve chest and cylinder having ports arranged and acting in combination
substantially as herein shown and described.
n
44
2
2nd A valve gear for steam and other engines, consisting of one or two valves
each constructed and operating in a valve chest substantially as herein specified,
and connected to a frame worked by tappets on the piston rod; substantially as
herein shown and described.
25"
3rd In a valve gear constructed and operating substantially as shown and
described, a valve working like a piston in a valve chest, the valve and chest and
their ports and working faces having the relative proportions and arrangement, to
act in combination substantially in the manner herein specified.