IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING ANIMAL MATTERS IN ORDER TÓ DEODORIZE AND DECOMPOSE THE SAME, AND TO MAKE A MANURE THERE- FROM.
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Cameron Sillar, of Blackheath, in the.
County of Kent, Merchant, and Robert George Sillar, of Bolton, in
the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, and Christopher Rawson, of
No. 1, Saint Swithin's Lane, in the City of London, General
Manager to the Native Guano Company (Limited), for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING ANIMAL MATTERS IN ORDER TÓ
DEODORIZE AND DECOMPOSE THE SAME, AND TO MAKE A MANURE THERE-
FROM.'
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Cameron
Sillar, Robert George Sillar, and Christopher Rawson, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
15th June 1872.
We, WILLIAM CAMERON SILLAR, of Blackheath, in the County of
Kent, Merchant, and ROBERT GEORGE SILLAR, of Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Gentleman, and CHRISTOPHER RAWSON, of No. 1, Saint Swithin's
Lane, in the City of London, General Manager to the Native Guano

page_text: Company (Limited), do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING ANIMAL MATTERS IN ORDER TO DEODORIZE
AND DECOMPOSE THE SAME, AND TO MAKE A MANURE THEREFROM," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to the treatment of animal matters of all kinds,
such as offal from slaughter houses, refuse from knackers' yards, fish
offal, the dead bodies of animals, and other animal matters or refuse
which it is wished to convert into manure.
The manufacture of manure from such matters as ordinarily conducted
is expensive and inconvenient, involving as it generally does the use of
chemicals and apparatus, and being attended by noxious odours which
render the manufacture a nuisance. Now the objects of our Invention
are to obviate these disadvantages, and to utilize refuse animal matters
and convert them into manure in an economical and inoffensive
manner.
1
Our Invention consists in treating animal matters with the substance
known as "native guano," which substance is prepared by precipitating
and treating the impurities in sewage as described in the Specifications
of Letters Patent No. 1954, A.D. 1868; No. 364, A.D. 1870; No. 679,
A.D. 1870; No. 1354, A.D. 1870; and No. 3399, A.D. 1870, which 2
Patents are the property of the Native Guano Company, London,
(Limited).
We have discovered by numerous experiments that the said native
guano has the property of deodorizing, decomposing, and absorbing
putrescent or putrescible animal matters. We therefore mix a sufficient 2
quantity of the said "native guano "with such matters, or bury them in
alternate layers of "native guano." In due time the said "native guano'
decomposes the said animal matters and absorbs their manurial properties,
and the compound becomes a homogeneous mass, which is a valuable
and inoffensive manure.
"
3

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert George Sillar,
and Christopher Rawson, in tho Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th December 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
CAMERON SILLAR, of Blackheath, in the County of Kent, Merchant,
and ROBERT GEORGE SILLAR, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, and CHRISTOPHER RAWSON, of No. 1, Saint Swithin's Lane,
in the City of London, General Manager to the Native Guano Company,
Limited, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert George
Sillar, and Christopher Rawson, Her special licence that we, the said
William Cameron Sillar, Robert George Sillar, and Christopher Rawson,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
William Cameron Sillar, Robert George Sillar, and Christopher Rawson,
our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercisc,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TREATING ANIMAL MATTERS IN ORDER TO DEODORIZE AND DECOMPOSE THE SAME, AND.
TO MAKE A MANURE THEREFROM," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert George Sillar, and Chris-
topher Rawson, our exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our or their hands and scals, or under the hand and scal of
one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert

page_text: of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to the treatment of animal matters of all kinds,
such as blood offal from slaughter houses, refuse from knackers' yards,
fish, fish offal, the dead bodies of animals, and other animal matters or
refuse, which it is wished to dispose of or to convert into manure.
The manufacture of manure from such matters, as ordinarily con-
ducted, is expensive and inconvenient, involving as it generally does the
use of chemicals and apparatus, and being attended by noxious odours
which render the manufacture a nuisance. Now the objects of our
Invention are to obviate these disadvantages, and to utilize refuse
animal matters and convert them into manure in an economical and
inoffensive manner.
66
Our Invention consists in treating animal matters with the substance
known as native guano," which substance is prepared by precipitating
and treating the impurities in sewage as described in the Specifications
of Letters Patent No. 1954, A.D. 1868; No. 364, A.D. 1870; No. 679,
A.D. 1870; No. 1354, A.D. 1870; and No. 3399, A.D. 1870, which
Patents are the property of the Native Guano Company (Limited),
London.
"
We have discovered by numerous experiments that the said "native
guano has the property, when used as a base, of deodorizing, decom-
posing, and absorbing, and thus assimilating putrescent or putrescible
animal matters. We therefore mix a sufficient quantity of the said
"native guano" with such matters; or bury them in alternate layers of
"native guano." In due time the said "native guano" decomposes the
said animal matters and absorbs their manurial properties, and the com-
pound becomes a homogeneous mass, which is a valuable and inoffensive
manure.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, we will proceed to
describe the manner in which the same is to be performed.
In treating offal from slaughter houses, refuse from knackers' yards,
fish, fish offal, the dead bodies of animals, and other animal matters, we
deposit such matters on a stratum of "native guano," say about six
inches deep, and we cover the said matters with more "native guano
"

page_text: until the total weight of "native guano "above and below the said matters
fully equals or exceeds their weight. The excess may be from one per
cent. to one hundred per cent., according to the requirements of the said
matters.
In treating fish we have found that "native guano," when added to
the fish in the proportion of weight for weight, has absorbed not only
the solid portion of such fish but also the liquor which runs from fish
when it is being made into manure with ordinary bases, and which
liquor possesses valuable fertilizing properties. We thoroughly mix the
"native guano
"with the animal matters, to which it has been added as
aforesaid (the more the said matters are brought into contact with the
said "native guano the better), and we then allow the mixture of
"native guano" and animal matters to stand till decomposition and
absorption have taken place. The "native guano "thus used absorbs
the noxious odours and gases which would otherwise be given off from
the animal matters, and preserves their manurial properties, and the
compound becomes (with the exception of the bones) a homogeneous
mass, which is a valuable and inoffensive manure.)
""
In treating the dead bodies of animals we simply bury them in
"native guano," and we allow the mixture of such animal matters and
"native guano" to stand until decomposition and absorption have taken
place. When desirable the bones may be removed from the animals
(either before or after decomposition has taken place) and sold
separately.
By treating fish with "native guano," as herein-before described, we
not only preserve to the utmost its manurial properties, which are wasted
to a great extent when such fish is simply spread on the land, but we
also make a portable manure which, being inoffensive as previously
stated, can be stored till required for use.
The advantages of "native guano" over ordinary manurial bases, such
as earth or ashes, are, that whereas they are simply absorbents, "native
guano" is more rapid in its action and itself possesses valuable manurial
properties, so that the manure made by treating animal matters with
native guano
as herein-before described, is stronger than manure
made by treating such matters with ordinary bases, such as earth and
6
"

page_text: "
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we claim as our said Invention,
the use of the substance known as "native guano for deodorizing and
absorbing animal matters, and converting them into inoffensive manure,
essentially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert
George Sillar, and Christopher Rawson, have hereunto set our
hands and seals, this Fourth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
Witness,
H. H. MURDOCH,
7, Staple Inn,
London.
W. C. SILLAR.
(L.S.)
ROB. G. SILLAR.
(L.S.)
C. RAWSON.
(L.S.)