Improvements in Tools, Tool Holders, and Appliances for Dressing and Forming Screws on or in Articles in Lathes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Loft 14th Mov 1007 Accented
10th uno 4007
Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1896
Complete Specification Loft, 14th May, 1907 Accepted, 10th June, 1907
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools, Tool Holders, and Appliances for Dressing
and Forming Screws on or in Articles in Lathes.
We, JOSEPH BREEDEN AND COMPANY LIMITED of New Mill Works, Fazeley
Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers and FRANCIS
BREEDEN Director of Joseph Breeden and Company Limited, aforesaid Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The said invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in tools,
tool holders and appliances for dressing and forming screws on or in articles in
lathes whereby the chucking or holding of the articles in position in the lathe and
the dressing and screw threading of the said articles are effected with great
facility.
The improvements constituting the said invention are especially applicable to
the dressing and screw threading of cocks or taps and parts of gas and water
fittings but we do not limit ourselves to their application to any particular class of
articles.
We use with the rotating spindle of the headstock of the lathe the ordinary chuck
plate and driver for giving rotation to the article to be operated upon and we place
at the back of and in line with the said headstock, an upright or bracket having at
its top the back centre of the lathe, the said back centre being hollow or tubular..
The upright of the back centre slides on a dovetail seat on the bed of the lathe and
is drawn forward or towards the headstock when at liberty to move by a weighted
cord passing over a pulley. When so advanced, the back centre engages with the
cock or tap (or other article) and holds it between itself and the chuck plate of
the headstock. By means of a treadle action operated by the workman the back
centre sliding bracket can be withdrawn from the headstock to release the article
which has been operated upon. The chucking of the article is thus effected with
great facility.
The front end of the tubular back centre has a cross slot in it through which
slot passes the acting flat end of the tool for dressing and tapping the barrel of the
cock. The outer end of this tool is cylindrical and its inner or acting end is flat,
as before stated.
Behind the sliding back centre upright, is a compound tool holder which we will
call a turret or capstan tool holder for holding a series of, say, six tools of the same
or of different kinds. The said compound or capstan tool holder consists of a disc
having on its periphery a series of radial sockets in each of which a tool may be
fixed. The said disc is carried by a vertical axis on which the compound tool
holder is capable of being turned so as to bring any one of the tools carried by it
in line with the hollow back centre of the sliding upright hereinbefore described.
The said compound or capstan tool holder is carried by a horizontal slide working
in an upright on the bed of the lathe. By means of a hand lever the said capstan
tool holder can be moved towards the back centre so as to advance the particular
tool brought into line with the said back centre, through the said centre and cause
the acting end of the said tool to operate upon the rotating cock or tap or other
article held in the lathe. Alter the article has been dressed and screw threaded
the compound tool holder is withdrawn and the back centre bracket also withdrawn,

page_text: when the article is released and may be replaced by a fresh one and the operations
described repeated.
When the exterior of the cock or tap or article is to be dressed and screw
threaded we use in the compound tool holder described tools the shanks of which
are tubular and are capable of sliding on the outside of the tubular back centre
when brought into line therewith a longitudinal slot in the underside of the tubular
shank of the tool permitting it to slide upon the upright on which the back centre
is mounted.
Dated this Fifth day of Santambar 1896
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in Tools, Tool Holders, and Appliances for Dressing
and Forming Screws on or in Articles in Lathes.
We, JOSEPH BREEDEN AND COMPANY LIMITED of New Mill Works, Fazeley
Street, Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturers and FRANCIS
BREEDEN, Director of Joseph Breeden and Company Limited, aforesaid Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The said invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in tools,
tool holders and appliances for dressing and forming screws on or in articles in
lathes, whereby the chucking or holding of the articles in position in the lathe and
the dressing and screw threading of the said articles are effected with great
facility.
The improvements constituting the said invention are especially applicable to
the dressing and screw threading of cocks or taps and parts of gas and water
fittings, but we do not limit ourselves to their application to any particular class of
articles.
We use with the rotating spindle of the headstock of the lathe the ordinary
chuck plate and driver for giving rotation to the article to be operated upon, and
we place at the back of and in line with the said headstock, an upright or bracket
having at its top the back centre of the lathe, the said back centre being hollow or
tubular. The upright of the back centre slides on a dovetail seat on the bed of the
lathe and is drawn forward or towards the headstock when at liberty to move
by a weighted cord passing over a pulley. When so advanced, the back centre
engages with the cock or tap (or other article) and holds it between itself and the
chuck plate of the headstock. By means of a treadle action operated by the
werkman the back centre sliding bracket can be withdrawn from the headstock to
release the article which has been operated upon. The chucking of the article is
thus effected with great facility.
The front end of the tubular back centre has a cross slot in it through which
slot passes the acting flat end of the tool for dressing and tapping the barrel of the
cock. The outer end of this tool is cylindrical and its inner or acting end is flat as
before stated.
Behind the sliding back centre upright is a compound tool holder which we will
call a turret or capstan tool holder for holding a series of, say, six tools of the same
or of different kinds. The said compound or capstan tool holder consists of a disc
having on its periphery a series of radial sockets in each of which a tool may be
fixed. The said disc is carried by a vertical axis on which the compound tool

page_text: holder is capable of being turned so as to bring any one of the tools carried by it
in line with the hollow back centre of the sliding upright herein before described.
The said compound or capstan tool holder is carried by a horizontal slide working
in a dovetail on the bed or slide of the back centre bracket or upright. By means
of a hand lever the said capstan tool holder can be moved towards the hack
centre so as to advance the particular tool, brought into line with the said back
centre, through the said centre and cause the acting end of the said tool to operate
upon the rotating cock or tap or other article held in the lathe. After the article
has been dressed and screw threaded, the compound tool holder is withdrawn and
the back centre bracket also withdrawn, when the article is released and may be
replaced by a fresh one and the operations described repeated.
When the exterior of the cock or tap or article is to be dressed and screw
threaded we may use in the compound tool holder described, tools the shanks of
which are tubular and are capable of sliding on the outside of the tubular back
centre when brought into line therewith, a longitudinal slot in the underside of the
tubular shank of the tool permitting it to slide upon the upright on which the
back centre is mounted.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
the manner in which the said invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation; Figure 2 partly in side elevation and
partly in longitudinal section and Figure 3 in cross section a lathe containing tools,
tool holders and appliances, constructed and arranged according to the said
invention for drilling holes and forming screws in tap handles and for other dressing
and screwing purposes; Figure 4 represents a plan of Figure 1 and Figure 5
represents a plan of Figure 2. In Figures 1, 2 4 and 5, the back centre
sliding upright is represented in its advanced position for chucking or
holding the tap handle between itself and the rotating chuck plate of the
lathe, the capstan or compound tool holder carrying the sets of drilling,
tapping and face finishing tools being represented in its withdrawn position
in Figures 1 and 4 and in its advanced or acting position in Figures 2
and 5: Figure 6 represents partly in longitudinal section and partly in side
elevation the chuck plate of the lathe and the back centre drawn to a large scale
aud Figure 7 represents a front elevation of the chuck plate; Figure 8 represents
in section and Figure 9 in front elevation, the back centre detached drawn to the
same scale as Figures 6 and 7, and Figure 10 represents a modified back centre as
hereinafter described.
Figures 11 and 12 represent some of the capstan tools drawn to a large scale
and Figures 13, 14 and 15 represent a tap handle which has been drilled, tapped
and face finished by the operation of the lathe represented, Figure 13, showing
the tap handle after the drilling of a hole in its cylindrical part; Figure 14
showing the drilled hole after it has been tapped and Figure 15 showing the tap
bandle after the removal of the burr by the face finishing tool.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
a is the headstock of the lathe and b the lathe spindle; c is the chuck plate and
d the driver of the ordinary kind. In line with the axis of the headstock a is the
sliding upright or bracket e carrying near its top the back centre for holding or
chucking the article in conjunction with the chuck plate c, the said back centre
being hollow or tubular and constructed in the manner hereinafter described.
The upright e of the hollow or tubular back centre fis carried by the horizontal
dovetail slide or plate e2 working in a dovetail seat in the bed y of the lathe (best
seen in Figure 3). The said back centre fis pressed forward into the advanced
position represented in the drawings for engaging it with the tap handle to he
operated upon and the said back centre withdrawn for releasing the article in the
following manner; e is a rotating screw working in the screw box e at the base
of the dovetail slide e. This screw carries a pulley e around which a cord e is

page_text: coiled, the said cord passing over the pulley e and being weighted at its end as
seen in Figure 3. The other end of the said weighted cord is connected to the
treadle h. When the back centre support e is at liberty to move it is advanced
towards the headstock, and maintained in its advanced position, by the weighted
corde, giving rotation to the pulley e and screw e as will be understood by an
examination of Figures 2 and 3. When it is required to withdraw the back
centre f the workman depresses the treadle h. By this action a reverse rotation is
given to the pulley e and screw ea and the sliding upright e and with it the back
centre fare withdrawn from the headstock for releasing the article.
The tubular back centre f is furnished with a liner 7 (see Figure 2) fixed to it
by the set screws f³, 1, and the combined back centre and liner is fixed to the
sliding bracket e by the set screw e. The front end of the tubular back centre f
has in it, a conical seat or depression which takes upon the end of the article
to be held or chucked (see Figure 6) and at the back of and crossing the said
conical seat or depression is a slot f through which the acting flat end of the tool
in the capstan tool holder passes for dressing, tapping or screwing the article under
operation. The other end of the tool is cylindrical and slides in the liner of
the hollow back centre f. The conical seat or depression f and part of the cross
slotare made in the removable or loose steel dies f, f which are fixed in their
places by the screws','. Instead of using a conical depression or seat in the
back centre, a conical projection 8 represented in Figure 10 may be used for the
same purpose. We will now describe the turret or capstan tool holder and
the tools carried thereby.
The turret or capstan tool holder is situated at the back of the sliding back
centre and consists of a horizontal disc i carrying at its periphery two sets of
radial tools, the said disc turning on the vertical axis 2 carried by the horizontal
dovetail slide k working in a dovetail on the lower slide e' of the back centre
upright (see Figure 3). The back motion of the capstan tool holder slide k is
limited by the adjustable screw stop 2. By means of the said capstan tool holder,
each tool carried by it can be brought in succession in line with the hollow back
centre of the sliding upright e. The capstan tool holder represented carries
two sets of tools, each set consisting of three tools marked respectively l, m, n.
The tool marked is a drilling tool for drilling the hole in the tap handle
Figure 13; the tool marked m is a screw tap for tapping the hole in the tap handle
Figure 14 and the tool marked n is a face finishing tool for perfecting the face of
the tapped end of the cylinder of the tap haudle Figure 15. One of the tools is
represented separately drawn to a large scale in Figure 11. The acting end of
each tool is flat and removable aud wedged or clamped in the cylindrical rear part
or holder 12, m², n² of the respective tools, each tool being fixed to the periphery
of the capstan tool holder or disc i by a stem at its back taking into a hole in the
said holder or disc and being fixed in its place by a vertical bolt p, a semi-
circular depression in which takes upon the tool shank as best seen in Figure 2.
When a tcol is brought in line with the back centre and is advanced by
the capstan tool holder slide k, the flat acting end of the tool passes
through the cross slot 5 in the back centre while the cylindrical rear
part of the tool passes into the liner of the back centre and accurately
guides the said tool (see Figure 2) as it is advanced against the rotating article
being operated upon. The capstan tool holder slide k is advanced to and withdrawn
from the tubular back centref by the hand lever q jointed to the said slide at q
and connected by the link q³ to the side of the back centre slide e³. The position
of the hand lever 9 when the capstan tool holder slide k is withdrawn is shown in
Fi
Figure 4 and when the said tool holder slide is advanced, the hand lever g has the
position shown in Figure 5. Each tool of the set l, m, n is successively and
automatically brought in line with the back centre fand held or locked in that
position in the following manner. On withdrawing the capstan tool holder slide k,
after, say, the drilling tool has operated upon the article, one of the projecting

page_text: tops of the tool fixing bolts p strikes against the side arm r on the back centre
slide which arm turns the capstan tool holder through one sixth of a rotation in
the direction of the curved arrow in Figure 4, thereby removing the said drilling
toul I out of the line of the back centre and bringing the next or tapping tool min
line with the said back centre. When the capstan tool holder has been turned
through the required angle, its further motion is prevented by the cylindrical rear
part of one of the tools coming against the depending stop plate on the arm r.
At the same time the capstan tool holder is locked in the position to which it has
been brought by the spring arm s on the capstan tool holder slide, engaging with
the cylindrical rear part of one of the tools in the said capstan holder as seen in
Figure 3. The tool which is about to operate is thus locked in line with the axis
of the back centre and is maintained in that position until near the end of the
return stroke of the slide k, when another automatic adjustment of the capstan tool
holder takes place in the manner before described.
The action of the parts of the lathe is as follows:-The back centre slide
being in its back or withdrawn position effected by the depression of the treadle 4,.
and the capstan tool holder slide k being also in its back position, the tap handle t
is placed in the chuck plate e of the rotating spindle and the foot of the workman
being removed from the treadle h, the back centre slide e² and its back centre fare-
advanced by the action of the weighted corde towards the headstock. The said
back centre is thereby made to engage with the rotating tap handle t and hold it
between itself and the chuck plate e as seen in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6. The
capstan tool holder slide k (the first or drilling tool in the tool holder being in line
with the back centre) is now advanced by moving the hand lever 7 into the position
represented in Figures 2 and 5. This advance of the slide à causes the flat and
acting end of the tool to pass through the cross slot in the back centre fand
the cylindrical rear part of the tool to occupy the liner of the back centre.
By the pressing home of the tool I by the advance of the slide & the said tool drills
the cylindrical hole in the tap handle Figure 13. After the drilling operation, the
capstan tool holder p is withdrawn by moving the hand lever g into the position
represented in Figure 4. In doing this the tapping tool m is brought in line with
the back centre by the partial rotation of the capstan tool holder effected as.
hereinbefore described and the capstan tool holder slide being again advanced, the
tapping tool m is made to tap or internally screw the drilled hole in the tap handle
as represented in Figure 14. The operations described being repeated the tapping
tool m is turned aside and the finishing tool n brought into its place and advanced
to the back centre. The handle tap is thereby finished as represented in Figure 15
The back centre slide 2 having been withdrawn by pressure on the treadle h, the
tap handle falls from the machine and a fresh tap handle being put in its place it is.
held or chucked by the removal of the foot from the treadle h and the advance of
the slide and the second set of drilling, tapping and finishing tools is brought into.
operation in the manner herein before described upon the fresh tap handle and
so on.
In dressing or turning and screw threading the exterior of articles, the flat end
of each tool in the capstan tool holder is forked for embracing the article being
operated upon, the inner faces of the forked part of the tool being made into
cutting or screw threading surfaces as seen in the tool represented in Figure 12.
We apply the improvements hereinbefore described and illustrated to the-
dressing of and forming screws on or in articles substantially as hereinbefore
described with respect to the drilling, screw tapping and finishing of tap handles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of "Improvements in tools, tool holders and appliances
for dressing and forming screws on or in articles in lathes";-
First. The combination in a lathe for the purposes described, of a hollow or
tubular back centre carried by a sliding upright or bracket for chucking or holding:

page_text: the article to be operated upon between itself and the chuck or chuck plate of the
lathe spindle substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The combination of the weighted cord and treadle appliances
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings for advancing
and withdrawing the hollow or tubular back centre slide of the lathe.
Thirdly. Making in or on the face of the hollow or tubular back centre, a
conical seat or a conical projection for engaging with the article to be chucked,
together with a slot crossing the conical seat or projection for the flat end of the
turning tapping, screwing or other tool to pass through as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Fourthly. Making tools to be used with the hollow or tubular sliding back centre
referred to in the prior claims, flat at their outer or acting ends and cylindrical at
their rear parts, the flat end of the tool passing through the cross slot of the said
back centre and the cylindrical rear part of the tool working in the tubular part of
the back centre for guiding the said tool substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Lastly. The combination with the slide of the tubular back centre, of a slide
carrying a capstan or compound tool holder together with the appliances described
and represented in the accompanying drawings for automatically turning the
capstan tool holder through the required angle in order to bring the several tools
in succession in line with the axis of the back centre and for locking or holding,
after adjustment, the said capstan tool holder in the required position substantially
as described and illustrated.
Deted the Florenth da LM 1007
JOSEPH BREEDEN AND COMPANY, LIMITED,
By JOSEPH BREEDEN
ectors.
FRANCIS BREEDEN (Directo:
FRANCIS BREEDEN.