Improvements in Ventilators for Ships and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL D
Improvements in Ventilators for Ships and the like.
I, WILLIAM COOKE, of 12, Thomas Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Consulting Engineer and Naval Architect, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to so construct ventilators that any water
entering the mouth thereof shall be effectually prevented from passing into the
interior of the ship but shall be directed outside the ventilator again, and at
the same time there shall be little or no obstruction to the entrance of air for
the purpose of ventilation.
For these purposes I provide a casing surrounding the ventilating shaft which
is divided into two parts and suspend within such casing preferably by springs a
bucket or receptacle encircling the upper part of the ventilating shaft, so that
any water entering the ventilator will be received in such bucket. The bottom
of the bucket is provided with a valve which can seat against the lower part
of the ventilating shaft thereby effectually closing such shaft and preventing
entrance of water. The dimensions of the bucket are so adjusted that when a
certain quantity of water has entered it, the weight thereof overcomes the tension
of the springs by which the bucket is suspended, and the valve is closed. A
small opening, connected by a rubber tube or the like with the exterior of the
casing is provided so that any water received in the bucket gradually drains
away outside the ventilator. The bucket may have a prolongation downwards
encircling the lower part of the ventilating shaft if desired to prevent any splash-
ing of water into such lower part. The lower part of the ventilating shaft and
the casing form an annular space into which any water which may splash over
the bucket is received, and such annular space is provided with a passage or
outlet having a non return valve opening outwards to allow such water to drain
away outside the casing. When any water received in the bucket, sufficient to
depress it and close the valve, has drained away the springs raise such bucket
thus opening the valve again and allowing again free passage of air.
1000

page_text: of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying drawings:-
The object of this invention is to so construct ventilators that any water
entering the mouth thereof shall be effectually prevented from passing into the
interior of the ship but shall be directed outside the ventilators again, and at
the same time there shall be little or no obstruction to the entrance of air for
the purpose of ventilation.
On the drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a ventilator constructed accord-
ing to my invention, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same at the line A A
in Fig. 1. For the purposes of my invention I provide a casing a surrounding
the ventilating shaft which is divided into two parts 6 6' and I suspend within
such casing preferably by springs c a bucket or receptacle d encircling the upper
part of the ventilating shaft, so that any water entering the ventilator through
the opening e will be received in the bucket. The springs c are attached at one
end to the casing a and at the other end g to the bucket or to a prolongation
thereof downwards m. The bottom of the bucket is provided with a valve h
preferably of rubber, which can seat against the lower part b₁ of the ventilating
shaft when the bucket is depressed, thereby effectually closing such shaft and
preventing entrance of water thereinto. The bucket d is made of such dimen-
sions and the springs care of such strength that when a certain quantity of
water has entered the bucket say enough to one quarter fill it the weight thereof
will overcome the tension of the springs c, the bucket will descend, and the
valve h will close against the edge of the shaft 6. Guides i are attached to the
bucket to maintain it in a concentric position whilst allowing free rise and
fall. A small opening which may consist of a perforated pipe is provided to
allow of any water received in the bucket gradually draining away and such
water is conducted outside the ventilator either by a rubber tube as shown by
dotted lines j¹, or the water may drop to the bottom of the casing and pass away
by an opening or passage k which is closed by a float valve which will allow
water to pass, but will prevent air passing. m is a bell or piece formed with or
attached to the bucket d and prolonged downwards so as to encircle the lower
part 6 of the ventilating shaft so that any water that may splash over the edge
of the bucket before it has time to descend will be prevented from entering
such shaft but will be deflected to the annular space n formed by the lower
part of the casing and the shaft 6. Any water overflowing from the bucket is
received in the annular space and passes therefrom through the opening or
outlet which is provided with a non-return valve o opening outwards to allow
such water to drain away outside the casing but which will prevent any water
entering the annular space n through the opening k. When the bucket has
been depressed by water received therein, such water gradually drains away
through the pipe and the springs c then raise such bucket into normal position
again as shown, opening the valve h and allowing again free passage of air.
The arrows show the direction of the current of air. The ventilator may be
used either as downcast or upcast as desired, and any convenient form of head p
may be used either movable or stationary.
Instead of employing springs to suspend the bucket & cords or chains and
counterweights may be used. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a ventilator in which
the bucket is suspended by cords 9 passing over pulleys r supported by the
casing a. The cords are attached at their other ends to an annular counter-
weight s. The operation is the same as described under Figs. 1 and 2, and like
letters indicate similar parts to those in Fig. 1. The head p is here shown as
of the stationary kind.
I do not confine myself to the particular arrangements described as it will be
obvious modifications may be made without departing from the essential features
of my invention but

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
The combination with a ventilating shaft in two parts of a casing surrounding
the same, a bucket or receptacle movably suspended within the casing and
encircling the upper part of the ventilating shaft, a bell or prolongation attached
to the bucket and encircling the lower part of the ventilating shaft, a valve at
the underside of the bucket, and means for allowing escape of water from the
interior of the casing and from the bucket, to the outside of such casing, all
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this Nineteenth day of May 1900
W. B. JOHNSON,
4, Clayton Square, Liverpool, Agent.