Improvements in and relating to Wood Planing and Moulding Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 7th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 9th Apr., 1898
PROVISIUNAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Wood Planing and Moulding
Machines.
I, GEORGE PICKLES, of the Firm of John Pickles and Son, of Royd Iron Works,
Hebden Bridge, in the County of York, Wood Working Machinists, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention refers to machines for planing and working planks, floor-boards,
skirtings, mouldings and the like, and my improvements therein relate, firstly,
to the method of driving the feed rollers whether of single or double machines,
by an endless chain of suitable construction and in allowing for adjustment of
the feed rollers, or frame carrying same, to the thickness of timber being fed
through the machine, and to irregularities of surface; and secondly, in combining
with planing and moulding machines adapted to operate on two boards at the
same time, suitable draw boxes and stationary plane irons or knives.
In carrying out the first part of my invention I dispense with spur gearing
for driving the feed rollers and in lieu thereof employ an endless chain of such
construction as will adapt it to drive on both sides. This chain is driven by a
chain or sprocket wheel mounted on the ordinary driving shaft of the machine,
and in its traverse gears on one side with chain or sprocket wheels on the top
feed rollers and on its opposite side with chain wheels on the bottom feed rollers,
said chain in passing from one pair of rollers to the other gearing with a carrier
or guide wheel which is mounted on a lever or radial arm centred on the driving
shaft or on a stud or other suitable part of the machine and adapted to move
through an arc coincident with the maximum limit of adjustment of the top
feed rollers or frame carrying same, to suit the thickness of timber to be operated
on.
By employing an endless chain in the manner set forth for driving the feed
rollers I am enabled to arrange the axes of each pair of top and bottom feed
rollers in the same vertical plane, that is to say-exactly opposite each other,
whereby the pressure of said rollers on the plank or board is always in a direct
vertical line and not on two separate portions of the plank as when spur gearing
is employed. The top feed rollers are mounted in a weighted frame or headstock
which is swung upon a central pivot or pivots so that the same may cant to one
side or the other to suit the material being fed forward, the pivots being supported
by screws at each side of the machine and forming nuts through which the screws
are adapted to work to raise and lower the frame to adjust the rollers to different
thicknesses of timber, this being effected by a handle lever or hand wheel at
one side of the machine, both screws being operated at the same time and to the
same extent by means of a cross chain gearing with sprocket or chain wheels on
the ends of the screws.
In order that the tension of the chain may be always uniformly maintained I
connect the top roller frame or headstock by a link or other connection to the carrier

page_text: wheel or lever on which said wheel is mounted so that when the top roller frame
is adjusted, the carrier wheel will be correspondingly adjusted and the tension
of the chain left undisturbed.
Provision is made to take up the chain when it gets slack. The screws for
adjusting the top roller frame or headstock are allowed a little play in order that
the rollers may more readily adapt themselves to inequalities of surface of the
timber. The improvements above set forth can be applied to machines having
one or two separate and independent sets of top and bottom feeding rollers and
operating on one board only or upon two boards at one time.
The second part of my improvements relating to the employment of plane irons
or knives and draw-boxes applies only to planing and moulding machines con-
structed to operate upon two boards at one time.
In carrying out this part of my invention I employ two or more knives or planes
set at an angle with the cutting edges directed upwards, these being secured and
supported in a table or bracket adapted to be slided into and out of position in
the bed of the machine. These knives or planes are in duplicate and arranged
at the proper distance apart to operate on the under surfaces of the two planks
or boards.
They are placed intermediate of a double set of feed rollers, or they may be
placed between the feed rollers and the rear top cutter in machines having only
one set of feed rollers. I may also use in conjunction with the aforesaid knives
or planes in the machines named, other knives or planes and their corresponding
draw-boxes, which are situated at the rear of the machine so as to operate on the
upper surfaces of the boards after leaving the top cutter, and I may also employ
side planing irons for operating on the edges of the boards. In employing a
double set of feed rollers I preferably use six rollers in each set.
.
Dated this 4th day of May 1897.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Wood Planing and Moulding
Machines.
I, GEORGE PICKLES, of the Firm of John Pickles and Son, of Royd Iron Works,
Hebden Bridge, in the County of York, Wood Working Machinists, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to machines for planing and working planks, floor-boards,
skirtings, mouldings, and the like, and my improvements therein relate, firstly,
to the method of and means for driving the feed rollers, whether of single or
double machines, by an endless chain of suitable construction, and in allowing
for adjustment of the feed rollers, or frame carrying same, to the thickness of
timber being fed through the machine and to irregularities of surface; and,
secondly, in combining with planing and moulding machines adapted to operate
upon two boards at the same time, suitable stationary plane irons or knives and
draw boxes.
In order that my said invention may be fully understood reference is hereafter
had to the annexed drawings forming a part of this Specification, in which:-
Fig. 1 is side elevation of so much of a single wood planing and moulding
—

page_text: machine as is essential to shew the application of my improvements for driving
the feed rollers and securing adjustment of same; Fig. 2 is plan view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is side elevation of a portion of a compounded double feed wood planing
and moulding machine shewing my improved combination therewith of stationary
plane irons or knives and draw boxes; and Fig. 4 is plan of same.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the first part of my invention consists in dispensing
with spur gearing for driving the top and bottom rollers in single or double
compound feed machines, and employing in lieu thereof an endless chain a
adapted to drive on both sides. This chain a is driven by a chain or sprocket
wheel receiving motion through gearing c from the ordinary cone driving
shaft of the machine, and in its traverse it gears on one side first with chain or
sprocket wheels e on the top feed rollers f and then on its opposite side with chain
or sprocket wheels on the bottom feed rollers h, said chain in passing from one
pair of rollers to the other gearing with a carrier or guide wheels which is
mounted on a lever or radial arm j centred on a stud or shaft j', said lever or arm
being adapted to move through an arc to an extent coincident with the maximum
limit of adjustment of the top feed rollers f, or frame carrying same. By employ-
ing an endless chain in the manner set forth, for driving the feed rollers I am
enabled to arrange the axes of each pair of top and bottom feed rollers in the
same vertical plane, that is to say, exactly central with each other perpendicularly
whereby the pressure of said rollers on the planks or boards is always in a direct
vertical line and not on two separate portions of the timber as when spur gearing
is employed.
For the purpose of adjusting the top feed rollers f I mount them in a frame
or headstock k having a weight suspended therefrom. The said frame or head-
stock is swung or supported on a central pivot or pivots so that it may turn
about same or cant to one side or the other to suit the material passing through
the machine, the said pivots & being supported or carried by screws at each side
of the machine and forming nuts through which the screws are adapted to work
to raise and lower the frame or headstock to adjust the rollers to different
thicknesses of timber. The adjustment is effected by turning a hand lever m,
or hand wheel, mounted on the end of one of the screws both screws being
operated at the same time and to the same extent by means of a cross chain m¹
gearing with sprocket or chain wheels m³ on the ends of the screws.
In order that the tension of chain a may be always uniformly maintained I
connect the frame or headstock k by a link or rod to the carrier wheel i or
lever, so that when the headstock is raised or lowered the carrier wheel will
be moved correspondingly and the tension of the chain left undisturbed.
The link or rod is preferably made in two parts secured together by bolts,
so that when the chain a gets slack and requires to be tightened, the bolts can
be loosened and the portion of the link carrying the wheel i, be moved to the
extent required to take up the slack and re-secured again.
The screws for adjusting the top feed rollers, or frame k, are allowed a little
play in order that the rollers may more readily adapt themselves to inequalities
of surface of the timber. Although the improvements above described are shewn
applied to a machine having only one set of feed rollers, they may be applied to
machines having a double or compound double set of feed rollers, and operating
on one wide board only or upon two narrower boards at one time.
The second part of my invention relating to the employment of plane irons or
knives and draw boxes applies only to planing and moulding machines constructed
to operate upon two boards simultaneously. One construction of such a machine
is shewn at Figs. 3 and 4 where letter o (Fig. 4) represents the plane irons or
knives which are set at an angle to the traverse of the boards and with their
cutting edges directed upwards, said plane irons being secured and supported in
a table or slide padapted to be slided into and out of position in the bed y of the
machine. These knives or plane irons are in duplicate and arranged at the proper

page_text: distance apart to operate on the under surfaces of the two planks or boards.
They are situated intermediate of the two double sets of feed rollers indicated
at ff, or they may be placed either before or behind the rear top cutter in
machines having only one set of feed rollers. Letter r represents the pressure
arrangement of which one portion only is shewn at Fig. 4, the second being
omitted to shew clearly one set of plane irons. Each plane iron has its own
independent complement of pivoted pressure levers 7 carrying weights at their
free ends. The levers in each set act independently of each other and are con-
nected by links or bars to separate slides adapted to slide vertically in the
plane boxes as the pulleys or bowls connected thereto ride over inequalities of
surface of the boards, thereby maintaining an equal pressure across the width of
the boards. The pressure of the levers can be eased or removed by moving the.
lever to the position shewn in Fig. 3 whereby a wing or projection t¹ on the
stud on which said lever is mounted is brought under the levers and elevates
them.
4
I may use in conjunction with the aforesaid plane irons or knives in the
machine named, other knives or plane irons and boxes represented at u, which
are situated at the rear or delivery end of the machine so as to operate on the
upper surfaces of the boards after leaving the top cutter which said cutter, being
well known, is not shewn. The plane irons are adjusted vertically by hand wheels
and screws u¹, and pressure is exerted thereon by strong spiral springs u² surround-
ing the lower ends of the screws and confined between the boxes and the bosses
or nuts in the standard, through which the screws work. There may also be
combined with the above, four side plane irons v situated at the delivery end of
the machine for operating on the edges or sides of the boards...
The double set of feed rollers employed in the machine preferably comprises
four top and two bottom rollers; though the number may be varied as desired.
Having now particularly 'described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I'declare that what
I claim is
Firstly. In planing and moulding machines, having single or double feed
rollers, the employment of a driving chain gearing on its reverse sides with
sprocket or chain wheels on each of said rollers and conveying motion thereto, an
interniediate carrier or guide wheel conveying the chain from top to bottom feed]
rollers, and means for moving said guide or carrier wheel to any extent and in
a direction coincident with the adjustment of the top feed rollers to the thickness
of timber. fed through the machine, and for taking up the slack of the chain,
all arranged and operating in the manner and for the purposes substantially as
herein shewn and described.
Secondly. In planing or moulding machines, the pivoted weighted headstock
carrying the
upper feed rollers, and means for adjusting said headstock and rollers
substantially as shewn and described.
Thirdly. The combination, with the improved double or compound feed
planing and moulding machine herein described, of duplicate plane irons or
knives and means for giving independent pressure for operating on the under
surfaces of the boards substantially as set forth.
Fourthly. The combination, with double or compound planing and moulding
machines, of the bottom plane irons or knives, side plane irons or knives and top
plane irons or knives substantially as herein described.
".
1000