Year: 1886

page_text: We THOMAS UNSWORTH Machinist and EDWARD WHALLEY foreman, both of the
West Gorton Iron Works West Gorton in the County of Lancashire do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
―
Our invention relates to twisting machines in which one or more threads are
drawn off bobbins Cops or swifts placed in a creel and twisted by means of a
revolving Spindle and wound on a bobbin spool or tube and is also applicable to
machines in which the threads are wound without being twisted on a bobbin
rotated by a Spindle or by contact with a drum and consists in improved
combinations of parts or mechanism for stopping automatically and simultaneously
both the rotation of the Spindle or bobbin and the drawing off of the threads
when one of such threads or the combined or twisted thread breaks or is absent.
The threads are drawn from the bobbins cops or swifts by a pair of rotating
rollers in the customary manner. On their way from the creel to the rollers we
pass each thread through the curl of a detector wire. By preference we use bent
detector wires and hinge the wires appertaining to one spindle on a round bar
carried by a bracket and pass them through the eyes of other wires sliding in holes
in a lever which can swivel on pivots in the bracket, but the threads may also be
passed through curls formed on the sliding wires, which may in that case be formed
with a bend or shoulder to limit the depth to which they can drop. Below the
sliding wires a spider shaft is placed having teeth or projections and driven by
gearing or strap from the machine driving shaft. While the threads are drawu
off and twisted, their tension supports the detector and sliding wires, but when one
of them breaks or comes to an end, the corresponding detector and sliding wire
drop and the teeth or projections of the spider shaft coming against the wire cause
the lever to swing forwards on its fulcrum. The bracket carrying the lever is bolted
to and adjustable on an angle bracket so that the distance through which the lever
is moved by the spider shaft can be regulated. The lever is formed with a slot in
its lower end which embraces a stud fixed to a sliding bar so that the latter moves
with the lever. A projecting piece is formed on or attached to the under side of
the sliding bar which is guided in suitable guides fixed on the roller beam of the
machine. This projecting piece is inclined for the greater part and terminates in a
horizontal surface with a lug or stop at its end. A vertical rod is placed behind
and to one side of the twisting spindle and guided in a bush or bracket on the
Pavice 871

page_text: roller beam and another bracket fixed to the spindle step rail. On this rod a
helical spring is placed between an adjustable collar and the bottom guide. The
rod extends above the roller beam and carries a bent finger which reaches under
the sliding bar so that when the bar is pushed back the finger is under the
horizontal surface in which the incline on the bar terminates and rests against
the stop. When the bar is moved forwards on the breakage of a thread by
the mechanism hereinbefore described, the finger on the vertical rod slides off the
horizontal part and comes upon the incline and the helical spring on the rod pushes
the latter upwards and at the same time the finger on the rod acting upon the
incline on the sliding bar pushes the bar forward. A steel blade formed with a
curved fork at its top is fixed upon the sliding bar the fork reaching close to the
point of contact between the drawing off or delivery rollers and being of such a
height and shape that it can just slip over the bottom roller. When the sliding
bar is brought forward, this fork is pushed between the bottom and top roller and
lifts the latter off the former, whereby the rotation of the top roller and the
drawing off of the threads or yarn from the spools cops or swifts is stopped. At
the same time the rotation of the spindle is stopped in the following manner :-A
fork is fixed upon the vertical rod and fits into a circular groove of the wharve by
which the spindle is driven. This wharve is loose upon the spindle and has a
clutch formed on or attached to its under side and the corresponding clutch is fixed
upon the spindle, so that the latter is driven while the clutches are in gear, which
is the case while the finger on the vertical rod is depressed and held by the hori-
zontal surface of the projecting piece on the sliding bar, but when the bar is moved
forward and the rod pushed upwards in the manner herein before described on the
breakage of a thread, the clutches are thrown out of gear and the rotation of the
spindle is stopped. The clutches are formed in a peculiar manner in order to allow
their being thrown in and out of gear without risk of breakage while the spindle
is revolving at a high speed. The she-clutch is made in the form of a concave
basin or truncated hollow spherical segment and has concave recesses formed all
round its circumference extending readilly to near the centre and leaving radial
projecting ridges between them. The he-clutch is of a form to fit exactly into the
she-clutch, being a convex truncated spherical segment with convex radiating
projections, which form a kind of rounded flat tooth and by entering into the
recesses on the other clutch carry the spindle round. The clutches may be made
entirely of metal or the teeth or projections on one or both of them may be made
of wood vulcanite or such like material and fastened to metal discs.
In order to stop the machine when the thread breaks between the rollers and the
spindle, we pass the thread through a curl at the end one arm of a bellcrank lever
having its fulcrum on a pin or stud in a bracket fixed upon the roller beam and its
other arm connected to the sliding bar hereinbefore described. While the thread
is being twisted the arm with the curl is held up by it, but when the thread breaks,
the weight of this arm or an additional weight placed upon it causes it to drop and
the other arm to move forward and draw the sliding bar with it till the finger on
the vertical rod comes upon the incline on the bar, when the helical spring on the
vertical rod is liberated and causes the rotation of the top roller and the spindle to
be stopped in the manner herein before described.
Instead of arranging the spring on the vertical rod so as to lift the latter when
liberated and thereby cause the top roller and spindle to stop the arrangement of
parts may be modified so that the stopping is effected by a partial rotation of the
vertical rod. In that case the projecting piece with the inclined and horizontal
surface and stop is formed on or attached to the side of the sliding bar instead of
its underside and the finger on the rod is pulled against it by a helical or other
spring connected to the vertical rod in any ordinary manner so as to have a
tendency to partly rotate the rod.
When a thread breaks the sliding bar is pulled forward in the manner herein-
before described and the finger acts on the incline and pushes the bar further
forward and the fork on the bar lifts the top roller and stops it in the same way as

page_text: with the arrangement herein before described. A boss having a helical surface
underneath may be fixed upon the rod and a bracket or boss with a similar surface
attached to the spindle rail or step rail, and the partial rotation made by the
vertical rod when the finger slips along the incline will cause the rod to be lifted
and the fork on the rod to lift the wharve with its clutch out of gear with the
clutch fixed on the spindle in the manner herein before described. Instead of the
clutches being placed upon the spindle, they may be placed upon the driving shaft
of the machine. In that case a separate driving drum must be used for every
spindle instead of a tin roller. This drum is loose on the driving shaft and has a
convex clutch as hereinbefore described cast or fixed upon it while the other clutch
box is fixed upon the shaft. A fork fixed upon the vertical rod works in a circular
groove formed on the boss of the drum. As the vertical rod makes a partial
rotation the fork moves the drum and draws the clutch out of gear so that the
rotation of the drum and spindle are stopped thereby simultaneously with that of
the top roller.
The sliding bar or a rod fastened to it is prolonged to the front of the machine
and provided with a handle or knob within easy reach of the Attendant. After
the broken thread has been pieced up the Attendant lifts the detector wires out of
contact with the rotating spider by means of the threads and pushes the handle
back when the incline on the sliding bar acts on the finger on the vertical rod and
depresses it respectively turns it partly round and tightens the spring and when
the finger comes upon the horizontal part and against the stop on the projection all
parts are returned to the position they occupy while the twisting proceeds. By
pulling the handle forward and thus causing the finger to slip along the incline the
top roller and the spindle may be stopped at any time. The brackets and other
arrangements described hereinbefore may be modified to suit the construction of
the machine to which our stop motion is to be applied.
Instead of twisting the yarn it can be simply wound on to a bobbin without
being twisted and the same stop motion used. The bobbin may be placed either
on a vertical spindle or revolved by contact with a horizontal drum and the spindle
or bobbin stopped in the same manner as herein before described when a thread
breaks.

page_text: An Improved Stopmotion for Twisting and Winding Machines.
We THOMAS UNSWORTH, machinist and EDWARD WHALLEY foreman both of the
West Gorton Iron Works West Gorton in the county of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our invention relates to twisting machines in which one or more threads are
drawn off bobbins, cops or swifts placed in a creel and twisted by means of a
revolving spindle and wound on a bobbin spool or tube and is also applicable to
machines in which the threads are wound without being twisted on a bobbin
rotated by a spindle or by contact with a drum and consists in improved com-
binations of parts or mechanism for stopping automatically and simultaneously
both the rotation of the spindle or bobbin and the drawing off of the threads when
one of such threads or the combined or twisted thread breaks or is absent.
In order that our invention may be readily ascertained and carried into effect
we have hereunto appended three sheets of drawings marked with letters of
reference, similar letters denoting similar parts on the different figures.
Figure 1 Sheet 1 shows a sideview of our improved stopmotion as applied to a
ring doubling frame with the parts in the positions they occupy while the spindle
is twisting and figure 2 a plan; figure 3 shows the parts in the positions they
occupy after a thread has broken and the spindle is stopped.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 show our improved clutch herein after described.
Figures 7 and 8 sheet 2 show a modification of the stop motion as applied to
twisting or doubling frames.
Figure 9 sheet 2 shows the application of our stopmotion to a twisting frame in
which the spindles are driven from separate band pulleys.
Figure 10 sheet 3 shows our stopmotion applied to a vertical spindle winding
frame and figures 11 and 12 the application to a drum winding frame.
In a doubling or twisting frame the threads are drawn off the bobbins a a
figure 1, cops or swifts by a pair of rotated rollers b b in the customary manner.
On their way from the creel to the rollers we pass each thread through the curl
of a detector wire. By preference we use bent detector wires c c figures 1, 2, 10
and 11, and hinge the wires appertaining to one spindle on a round bar or wire d
carried by a bracket d¹ and pass them through the eyes of other wires c¹ sliding in
holes in a lever e which can swivel on pivots in the bracket d¹, but the threads
may also be passed through curls formed on the sliding wires cl, which may in
that case be formed with a bend or shoulder to limit the depth to which they can
drop. Below the sliding wires a spider shaft f is placed having teeth or projections
and driven by gearing or strap froin the machine driving shaft. While the threads
are drawn off and twisted, their tension supports the detector and sliding wires, but
when one of them breaks or comes to an end, the corresponding detector and
sliding wire drop and the teeth or projections of the spider shaft coming against
the wire causes the lever to swing forwards on its fulcrum e¹. The bracket d

page_text: carrying the lever e is bolted to and adjustable on an angle bracket d' so that the
distance through which the lever e is moved by the spider shaft can be regulated.
The lever e is formed with a slot in its lower end which embraces a stud fixed to
a sliding bolt g so that the latter moves with the lever. A projecting piece g¹ is
formed on or attached to the underside of the sliding bolt, which is guided in
suitable guides g³ fixed on the roller beam of the machine. This projecting piece
is inclined for the greater part and terminates in a horizontal surface with a lug
or stop at its end. A vertical rod h is placed behind and to one side of the
twisting spindle and guided in a bush h¹ or bracket on the roller beam and another
bracket h fixed to the spindle step rail. On this rod a helical spring h³ is placed
between an adjustable collar and the bottom guide. The rod carries a bent finger i
which reaches under the sliding bolt g so that when the bolt is pushed back the
finger is under the horizontal surface in which the incline on the bolt terminates
and rests against the stop. When the bolt is moved forwards on the breakage of
a thread by the mechanism herein before described, the finger on the vertical rod
slides off the horizontal part and comes upon the incline, and the helical spring h³
on the rod h pushes the latter upwards and at the same time the finger on the rod
acting upon the incline on the sliding bolt pushes the bolt forward. A steel blade k
formed with a curved fork at its top or its equivalent is fixed upon the sliding bar,
the fork reaching close to the point of contact between the drawing off or delivery
rollers and being of such a height and shape that it can just slip over the bottom
roller. When the sliding bar is brought forward this fork is pushed between the
bottom and top roller and lifts the latter off the former, whereby the rotation of
the top roller and the drawing off of the threads or yarn from the spools cops or
swifts is stopped. At the same time the rotation of the spindle is stopped in the
following manner. A fork his fixed upon the vertical rod h and fits into a
circular grove of the wharvel by which the spindle is driven. This wharve is
loose upon the spindle and has a clutch formed on or attached to its underside and
the corresponding clutch is fixed upon the spindle, so that the latter is driven
while the clutches are in gear which is the case while the finger on the vertical
rod is depressed and held by the horizontal surface of the projecting piece g¹ on the
sliding bolt g but when the bolt is moved forward and the rod pushed upwards in
the manner herein before described on the breakage of a thread, the clutches are
thrown out of gear and the rotation of the spindle is stopped. The clutches
are formed in a peculiar manner in order to allow their being thrown in and out
of gear without risk of breakage while the spindle is revolving at a high speed
and are shewn in detail by figures 4, 5 and 6. The she-clutch is made in the
form of a concave basin or truncated hollow spherical segment and has concave
recesses formed all round its circumference extending radially to near the centre
and leaving radial projecting ridges between them. The he-clutch 2 is of a form
to fit exactly into the she-clutch being a convex or truncated spherical segment
with convex radiating projections, which form a kind of rounded flat tooth and by
entering into the recesses on the other clutch carry the spindle round. The
clutches may be made entirely of metal or the teeth or projections on one or
both of them may be made of wood vulcanite or such like material and fastened
to metal discs.
In order to stop the machine when the thread breaks between the rollers and
the spindle, we pass the thread through a curl in a wire m shewn in dotted lines
on figure 1 having its fulcrum on the angle bracket d' and passing through one
of the drop wires c¹. During the twisting the wire is upheld by the thread, but
when the latter breaks the wire m and the drop wire c¹ through which it passes
drop and the spindle and rollers are stopped in the previously described manner.
We wish it to be understood that we do not claim the use of such a wire m for
stopping the spindle or roller on the breakage of the twisted thread by itself, nor
the use of the detector wires c and drop wires c' or oscillating detector levers by
themselves but only in combination with the clutch and mechanism for actuating
the same as described.

page_text: Instead of arranging the spring on the vertical rod so as to lift the latter when
liberated and thereby cause the top roller and spindle to stop, the arrangement of
parts may be modified so that the stopping is effected by a partial rotation of the
vertical rod. This arrangement is shown on figures 7 and
in which the detector
arrangement has been omitted, being the same as herein before described. The
projecting piece with the inclined and parallel surface and stop is formed on or
attached to the side of the sliding bolt g instead of its underside and the finger n
on the rod n¹ is pressed against it by a helical or other spring connected to the
vertical rod in any ordinary manner so as to have a tendency to partly rotate the
rod. As shewn the spring n² is wound several turns round the rod after being
fastened at one end to the bracket n³ and then fastened to the lever n' fixed upon
the rod n¹. When a thread breaks, the sliding bolt g is pulled forward in the
manner hereinbefore described and the finger n acts on the incline on the bolt g
and pushes the bolt further forward and the fork on the bolt lifts the top roller
and stops it in the same way as with the arrangement hereinbefore described. An
inclined or helical surface is formed on the underside of the finger n and a similar
surface on the bush o fixed in the top beam, and the partial rotation made by the
vertical rod when the finger n slips along the incline g¹ will cause the rod to be
lifted by the helical surfaces sliding upon each other and the fork n on the rod
will lift the wharve with its clutch out of gear with the clutch on the spindle in the
manner herein before described.
Instead of the clutches being placed upon the spindle, they may be placed upon
the driving shaft. An arrangement of this kind is shewn on figure 9. In that
case a seperate driving drum or pulley p must be used for every spindle instead of
a tin roller. This drum is loose on the driving shaft and has one of the clutch-
boxes formed or fixed upon it while the other clutchbox is fixed upon the shaft.
A fork p¹ fixed upon the vertical rod n³ works in a circular groove formed on the
boss of the drum on pulley p and is pulled sideways by a spring. As the bolt g is
drawn by the detector mechanism hereinbefore described, the rod n¹ is partly
rotated and the clutches pulled out of gear by the spring acting on the lever p¹, and
the rotation of the drum or pulley stopped simultaneously with that of the top
roller.
A break may be connected to or actuated by the clutch disengaging mechanism
to arrest the motion of the spindle or drum more rapidly.
The sliding bolt g or a rod fastened to it is prolonged to the front of the machine
and provided with a handle or knob g³ figures 1 and 3 within easy reach of the
attendant. After the broken thread has been pieced up, the attendant lifts the
detector wires out of contact with the rotating spider by means of the threads and
pushes the handle back when the incline on the sliding bar acts on the finger on
the vertical rod and depresses it respectively turns it partly round and tightens the
spring, and when the finger comes upon the horizontal part and against the stop
on the projection g' all parts are returned to the position they occupy while the
twisting proceeds. By pulling the handle forward and thus causing the finger to
slip along the incline, the top roller and the spindle may be stopped at any
time. The brackets and other arrangements described hereinbefore may be
modified to suit the construction of the machine to which our stop motion
is to be applied. The same stop motion may be applied where the yarns or
threads are simply wound together on a bobbin without being twisted. Figure 10
shows the stopmotion applied to a vertical spindle winding frame. The detector
wires and brackets are arranged in the same way as hereinbefore described.
The yarns pass through the curls of the wires cover pulleys and through
the thread guide q' and are wound upon the bobbin r rotated by the spindle r¹,
which carries a loose wharve 2 and fast clutch ³. As the bolt g is drawn
on breakage of a thread, the finger s slips off the stop and the spring &¹ moves
the rod 8 upwards and the fork 88 throws the clutchbox out of gear in the
same manner as herein before described with reference to figures 1, 2 and 3.
Figures 11 and 12 show the stop motion as applied to a drum winding frame in

page_text: which the bobbin u is rotated by contact with the drum u¹. The bar v carrying the
finger and fork v2 is in this case placed horizontally above the beams of the
frame sliding in brackets wwl and the inclined projecting g¹ on the bolt g placed
at the side. The finger v¹ is at the end of the bar and curved or cranked to meet
the projection gl and as the bolt is drawn by the detector mechanism hereinbefore
described, the spring v³ acting against the set collar v pushes the rod v and fork v³
to one side and draws the clutch u out of contact with the other clutch formed
upon or fixed on the drum u¹. The clutch 2 slides on a feather or key let into
the shaft and the drum is loose upon the shaft and held in its position by collars
or equivalent means, and its rotation is arrested when the clutch is drawn out of
gear.
We wish it to be understood that we do not claim the use of loose drums
for winding machines, but the mechanism for stopping such drums as described.
The stopping may be accelerated by means of a break actuated by the fingers or
the sliding or oscillating rods in combination with the mechanisms described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained our said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is,
Firstly, the construction or formation of clutchboxes for driving spindles, drums
or shafts substantially as herein before described with reference to figures 4, 5
and 6.
Secondly, the combination of said clutchboxes with a disengaging and a detector
mechanism for the purpose of arresting the rotation of spindles, drums or bobbins
in twisting doubling and winding frames.
Thirdly, the combination of parts or mechanism for stopping both the spindles
and the delivering rollers in doubling and twisting machines substantially as
described with reference to figures 1, 2 and 3.
Fourthly, the modification of said combination of parts or mechanism substan-
tially as described with reference to figures 7 and 8.
Fifthly, the combination of parts or mechanism for stopping the driving pulley
or drum and delivering roller substantially as described with reference to figure 9.
Sixthly, the combination of parts or mechanism for stopping the spindles of
doubling winding frames substantially as described with reference to figure 10.
Seventhly, the combination of parts or mechanism for stopping the drums of
doubling winding frames substantially as described with reference to figures 11
and 12.
Dated this 11th dose of NT1000