Composition for Covering Boilers, Steam Pipes, Hot or Cold Water Pipes, or other Metal Surfaces, to Prevent Radiation or Conduction of Heat from or to such Surfaces, and for Protective Purposes.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Composition for Covering Boilers, Steam Pipes, Hot or Cold
Water Pipes, or other Metal Surfaces, to Prevent Radiation
or Conduction of Heat from or to such Surfaces, and for
Protective Purposes.
I, CHARLES FREDERICK WORMALD, trading as Wormald & Company,
Composition Works, South Shore Road, Gateshead, in the County of Durham,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention consists of a composition prepared in sheets or slabs sufficiently
flexible to be bent round the outside of boilers, pipes or other circular or curved.
surfaces and of an adhesive solution for fixing same, also for the same composition
prepared in the form of liquid, semi-liquid, or paint, as a protective coating for
other metallic surfaces.
The composition for covering boilers, steam pipes, or other heated vessels
prepared in flexible sheets or "slabs" consists of a perfectly non-conducting prepara-
tion next the heated surface composed of ground cork, loom dust, or flax sweepings
(or preferably both) mixed with flour and water, in the form of a strong paste,
to bind the other ingredients, the whole being then pressed into sheets or slabs
which are protected by an outer covering composed of ground cork, loom dust,.
or flax sweepings, or both, and pitch, asphalt or tar, which is melted and the
said ingredients mixed thoroughly with it and spirit (such as benzol) added to
preserve the flexibility when pressed into sheets or slabs to which the non-
conducting composition previously described is caused to adhere by being pressed
against the outer side whilst the melted pitch is still soft the compound sheet or
slab being now ready for use, the spirit keeping it quite flexible for bending around
the boiler or steam pipe. A little stearine added to the melted pitch will give the
outer protective covering a smooth hard surface.
The non-conducting preparation will contain, approximately, equal quantities of
ground cork, and either loom dust or flax sweepings, or both, (all being excellent
non-conductors) and the protective outer covering which is also non-conducting will
contain approximately in say 75 parts :-
Pitch, asphalt, or tar
Ground cork
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Loom dust or flax sweepings
Spirit (as benzol)
20 parts.
40 parts.
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10 parts.
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5 parts.
The proportion of spirit will vary according to the degree of flexibility required
for sheets or slabs of varying thickness and requiring more or less circling in
applying them, the use of the spirit being to keep the composition sufficiently
soft.
When the composition is intended for application to prevent freezing of water
or other liquids or to prevent the conduction of external heat in cooling processes
it will consist of the composition of pitch, asphalt, or tar, with ground cork as
previously described, without the non-conducting lining composition required
next to the hot surfaces, and in such application it may preferably have stearine

page_text: where the edges of the sheets or "slabs" come together the joint is closed with the
solution and made quite impervious to air or moisture.
When the composition is intended for application in liquid, or semi-liquid form,
as a protective covering for metallic surfaces such as the "bilges" and ballast
tanks of ships it is made of the required consistency by increasing the proportion
of the pitch, asphalt, or tar, with a smaller proportion of ground cork, loom dust
and flax sweepings or other binding medium and may have added to it a small
proportion of stearine to cause it to set quickly and to give it a hard smooth
enamel like surface. It is melted and cast into blocks ready for use and when
required to be applied is remelted in a portable furnace pot and either poured over
the surface to be coated, or applied with a brush and soon sets with a smooth hard
surface. The composition, made in sheets or slabs, affords great facility of
application to the covering of boilers, steam pipes, or such other surfaces as
require to be covered, without loss of time as no preparation of the surface
is required and the covering is effected at one operation to the required
thickness instead of by a succession of coats plastered one over the other, each of
which has to "set" before the next is applied and the sheets can be applied to
either hot or cold surfaces equally well.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1st. A composition for covering boilers, steam pipes, or other vessels subject to
heat to prevent loss of heat by radiation, prepared in sheets or slabs consisting of
ground cork, loom dust, or flax sweepings, or both, in about equal proportions
mixed with flour as paste or other suitable binding substance next the heated
surface as a lining backed with an outer covering of the same ingredients mixed
with pitch, asphalt, or tar in about the proportions specified, with spirit added to
preserve the required flexibility to the sheets or slabs adapting them to be bent
around curved surfaces and the covering effected at one operation without the
surfaces being necessarily heated.
2nd. A composition for covering pipes, tanks, or other vessels containing cold
water or other liquid to prevent freezing by low atmospheric temperatures and to
prevent the conduction of external heat in cooling processes consisting of pitch,
asphalt, or tar, mixed with ground cork, loom dust, or flax sweepings, or both, with
'spirit added, prepared in flexible sheets or "slabs" adapted to be bent around
curved surfaces and the covering effected at one operation.
3rd. For use in conjunction with the composition in either of the above named
forms, and for the purposes specified the adhesive solution consisting of silicate of
soda mixed with some thickening medium, such as ground pipe clay, to the
consistency of a paint to be applied to the surfaces to be covered or to the inner
surfaces of the sheets or "slabs" of covering or protecting compositions and to the
edges of the sheets or slabs where they are joined to close the joints and make the
covering impervious to air or moisture.
4th. The non-conducting and protective composition consisting of the above
named ingredients prepared in a liquid or semi-liquid form by increasing the
proportion of pitch, asphalt, or tar, decreasing the proportions of ground cork
and loom dust or flax sweepings with or without the spirit, the composition
being cast into blocks and when required for use melted in a portable furnace
and poured over the surfaces to be covered or applied with a brush thereto as
may be most convenient.
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1000
T. J. DANSON, F.I.PA.,
Agent for Applicant.