matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN KNIFE HANDLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Maurice Bauer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1881. A communication from
abroad by Guillaume Bourgade, of Le Chène Roud, Commune de Thiers, Puy
de Dóme, in the French Republic.
MAURICE BAUER, Civil Engineer, of the Firm M. Bauer & Co., Solicitors of
Patents, at Paris, in the French Republic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN KNIFE HANDLES."
A communication from abroad by Guilaume Bourgade, of Le Chène Roud,
Commune de Thiers, Puy de Dóme, in the French Republic.
This Invention consists in the employment of porcelain, stoneware, clay, glass,
and such like substances, for the manufacture of knife handles for table and
kitchen knives.
The substances employed may be coloured or not, and ornamented with pictures,
according to their quality.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO YARD MEASURES AND OTHER MEASURING APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Darling at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd February 1881.
JOHN DARLING, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO YARD MEASURES AND OTHER MEASURING
APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS."
The said Invention relates to improvements in or applicable to yard measures
and other measuring appliances or apparatus, and has for its object to provide such
appliances or apparatus with means for recording the number of measurements
which have been taken therewith.
According to the said Invention the measuring apparatus or appliance has in
its interior, or in other convenient position, a ratchet wheel, upon which a pawl
upon a lever acts to turn the said ratchet wheel through the space of one tooth
when the said lever is depressed. The said ratchet wheel is on or connected with
the axis of a carrier, over which passes a tape or endless band, guided over other
suitable carrier or carriers, upon which tape or endless band are marked divisions
corresponding to the space between the teeth of the ratchet wheel, and bearing
progressive figures or signs of value, so that the divisions are successively brought
before an opening at each operation of the lever. Or the ratchet may operate upon
a registering wheel, or upon registering wheels, or other equivalent, for the endless
band. When the measuring appliance or apparatus to which the said Invention is
applied is in use, at each measurement the lever is depressed to actuate the ratchet
wheel and cause the endless band or its equivalent to present successively before
the opening a division for each depression of the lever." Thus the indication seen
at this opening will denote the number of times that the lever has been depressed
and the number of divisions which have passed before the opening, and conse-
quently the number of lengths which have been measured by the measuring
appliance or apparatus. In order to set the indicator back to zero the ratchet
wheel may be provided with a spring tending to draw it round in the opposite
direction from the direction of motion given to it by the lever. On a detent
(which retains the ratchet wheel in the position to which it has been brought
by the lever) being raised the spring will cause the indicator to be brought back
to zero.
The improvements are applicable to measuring instruments, apparatus, or
appliances generally, such as yard sticks, or measures, tape measure cases, measures
inserted into counters, and the like.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR BOILING WATER BY MEANS OF GAS OR OIL BURNERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lionel Dove at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1881.
LIONEL DOVE, of 71 and 73, Commercial Street, Whitechapel, London, E.
"AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR BOILING WATER BY MEANS OF GAS OR
OIL BURNERS."
The apparatus according to my Invention consists of an outside water-space,
hollow cylinder, or jacket A, made of tin, copper, galvanized iron, or other suitable
metal, the said cylinder being open at the bottom and closed at the top. I arrange
in the interior B of the space formed by the said surrounding jacketted cylinder A
a series of hollow spheres, balls, or receivers C, C', (the number of such being pro-
portionate to the size and capabilities of the apparatus employed); the inner jacket
c, c', of each of the said hollow balls or receivers is provided with projecting
pieces d, forming vanes upon which the circulating water acts so as to give motion
to the said inner hollow balls or spheres for the purpose hereinafter mentioned.
The hollow spheres C, c, are connected to and with the external surrounding
cylinder A. by the vertical tubes e with couplings c¹, and the hollow spheres C, c,
and C', c, are connected together by the tubes f and couplings f¹.
The apparatus is mounted on suitable supports D, and is heated at the bottom
by gas or oil burners at E. The water to be heated is admitted through the
cock g, and circulates around and up the external casing or cylinder A, passes
down through the tubes e, e, to the spheres C, and thence to C¹ through the tubes f,
and makes its exit as hot or boiling water at h.
The products of combustion are carried off through the flue pipe F at the top of
the apparatus as shewn.
It will be apparent on reference to the accompanying Drawing that the apparatus
according to my Invdntion presents a very large amount of heating surface, and
the interstitial water spaces are comparatively very small, thus ensuring a very
rapid conversion of the cold water into hot or boiling water.
To ensure the safe working of the apparatus a vacuum or "sniffel" valve i is
provided as shewn, and the vanes d, d', before mentioned are provided with a
view to prevent the formation of incrustation or deposit in the water spaces of the
spheres C and C¹.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING HATS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Carrington and
William Torkington at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
24th May 1881.
WILLIAM EDWARD CARRINGTON, of the Firm of S. R. Carrington & Sons, of
Stockport, in the County of Chester, Hat Manufacturers, and WILLIAM TORKINGTON,
in the employ of the said Firm, Dyer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING HATS."
This Invention relates to improvements in dyeing felt hats, whereby a shaded,
or irregular, or patching effect is given to the said hats, and a suitable method of
carrying out the Invention is as follows:
The hat body or hood is rolled or folded up in such a manner that some parts
thereof will not come in contact with the dye liquor when the body or hood is
placed in the dye bath.
The body or hood may either be tied up with string or be enclosed in any
suitable porous, or reticulated, or like material. Such material may or may not bo
of uniform pattern. When the pattern is not uniform, the parts of the hat body
or hood exposed to the dye bath will "take" the pattern of the enclosing
envelope.
By these means we obtain hats dyed with a shady or patchy pattern.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE TREATMENT OF LIQUORS RESULTING FROM THE PRODUCTION OF SODA BY THE AMMONIA METHOD.
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October 1881. A communication
from abroad by La Société Anonyine des Produits Chimiques du Sud-Ouest,
of Paris, France, an Incorporated Company.
JOHN IMRAY, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE TREATMENT OF LIQUORS
RESULTING FROM THE PRODUCTION OF SODA BY THE AMMONIA METHOD. [A
communication from abroad by La Société Anonyme des Produits Chimiques du
Sud-Ouest, of Paris, France, an Incorporated Company.]
In processes for regenerating the residuary liquors resulting from the production
of soda by the ammonia method after heating to expel the carbonate and bicarbonate
of ammonia, lime is added to decompose the fixed salts and disengage the hydrato
of ammonia. The action is seriously interfered with after addition of the lime by
the formation of scum, consisting of carbonate of lime, resulting either from the
previous exposure of the lime to the atmosphere or from action of carbonic acid in
the liquor. The operation is by the presence of such scun very much retarded,
and the apparatus employed requires special provision for its removal. This
Invention relates to means of avoiding these evils. For this purpose, after the first
step of the process, namely, the expulsion by heat as far as possible of the carbonato
of ammonia, and before adding the lime for the second step, a small quantity,
generally a few drops suffice, of acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, is added until the
last traces of carbonate of ammonia are decomposed, and the liquor shews acid
reaction on test paper. The lime being then added, the operation is carried on
with facility, no special provisions for removal of scuin being necessary.
AN IMPROVED OPTICAL INSTRUMENT
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Frederick Woodford at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1881.
ROBERT FREDERICK WOODFORD, of Upper Norwood, in the County of Surrey.
"AN IMPROVED OPTICAL INSTRUMENT."
My Invention relates to the construction of an optical instrument designed to
demonstrate the crossing of the optic nerves of the eyes, and for this purpose I
provide a tube with an eye piece or part to fit around the eye, a contracted
aperture, and a diaphragm so formed and arranged behind the contracted aperture
above named as to cut off rays of light that enter the instrument otherwise than in
a direction approximately parallel to its axis; and to further destroy divergent rays
the interior of the instrument is coated with a black substance, such as lampblack,
that will produce an unreflective surface.
In some cases the diaphragm may be made adjustable so as to afford a variable
aperture for the passage of light, and to enable the light to be shut off when
desired.
In use the instrument is applied to one eye, and the object upon which the
effect caused by the crossing of the optic nerves is to be shown is placed in front
of the other eye in some position intermediate between the two extremities of the
instrument.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR STANDS FOR HOLDING BOTTLES CONTAINING EFFERVESCENT AND STILL LIQUIDS
Year: 1881

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Farrow and Richard Brooker
Jackson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1881.
CHARLES FARROW and RICHARD BROOKER JACKSON, of the Firm of Farrow &
Jackson, of Great Tower Street, in the City of London, Mechanical Engineers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR STANDS FOR HOLDING BOTTLES CONTAINING
EFFERVESCENT AND STILL LIQUIDS."
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus or stands for holding
bottles to allow of the contents being drawn off as required, the improvements
having for object to so construct the apparatus or stand that it shall be equally
applicable for effervescing as for still liquids.
In carrying out the Invention we employ a frame working on centres in a
suitable stand, the said frame being provided at one end with an adjustable block
for fitting into the punt of the bottle, and at the other end with an adjustable
cork or stopper for fitting into the mouth of the bottle; the said cork or stopper is
provided with a cock communicating with the contents of the bottle. The said
cork or stopper is also provided with a small cock communicating with an air tube
passing into the bottle.
By this construction of stand it will be understood that if a bottle containing
an effervescent liquid, such, for example, as champagne, be placed in the stand in
the usual manner, the contents can be drawn off as required through the first
herein before described cock, and the bottle being kept mouth downwards the
escape of carbonic acid gas will be prevented, while if a bottle containing still
liquid be placed in the stand, the contents of the bottle can be drawn off with
equal facility by opening the cock communicating with the hereinbefore described
air tube.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Newton Wilson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December 1881.
NEWTON WILSON of High Holborn in the County of Middlesex Mechanical
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
This Invention relates to improvements applicable chiefly to the class of sewing
machines used in making the ordinary hand or running stitch and which machines
are also capable of being used for gathering purposes for making gathered or fulled
trimmings.
In carrying out this Invention I employ a bent needle curved in a particular
form and which is placed in a groove between a series of toothed pinions such as
are ordinarily used for this class of work. One of these series of pinions is
attached to a vertically sliding adjustable bar the main driving pinion being
carried on the end of a horizontal shaft below the cloth plate of the machine.
Another pinion is connected by a moveable stud with the cloth plate itself. The
work as it is fed passes over a spring guide acting on both sides of the series of
pinions and forming a guard at the same time. After passing between the pinions
the work is carried in the gathered or fulled form between two india rubber rollers
the lower one of which projects above the cloth plate and is mounted on the
further extremity of a second horizontal shaft driven from the main gearing. The
upper roller is fixed in a holder attached to a plate connected with two vertical
rods acted upon by springs and passing through the upper part of the frame. It is
moveable by a lifter so that the roller can be raised at pleasure for the passage or
removal of the work. These india rubber rollers perform the function of carrying
and guiding the work as it passes from between the series of pinions. The bobbin
or bobbins of cotton are carried upon a horizontally hinged arm.
IN TRUEING UP AND FINISHING ROUND BARS, RODS, OR TUBES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Brown at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th July 1881.
WILLIAM HENRY BROWN, of Sheffield, in the County of York.
IN TRUEING UP AND FINISHING ROUND BARS, RODS, OR TUBES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates to the trueing up and finishing round bars, rods, or tubes
in a more perfect manner than has heretofore been accomplished, and it consists
chiefly in a combination of the processes technically known as reeling, and rolling,
and operating on the bar, rod, or tube at one and the same time.
In carrying out my Invention, I fix at the back of the reeling machine or rolls,
and as near to the machine as convenient, metallic faces, revolving or stationary, or
driven by the frictional contact of the bar or tube, by preference grooved to suit
the diameters of the material to be operated upon and driven at a suitable speed.
These rolls are fixed at right angles or thereabouts to the reeling rolls, and so
that they will receive the rod, bar, or tube as it is passed from the rolls of the
reeling machine.
The rolls are so adjusted that they act on the revolving rod, bar, or tube, without
stopping its rotary motion, and by this combined action of the rolls with the
reeling machine a perfectly cylindrical and true surface is given to the rods, bars,
or tubes.
If found desirable, the rolls may be placed between two reeling machines, the rod,
bar, or tube being passed direct through the three combined machines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH ELECTRIC CABLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Griffith Brewer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1881. A communication
from abroad by Patrick Bernard Delany and Edward Hibberd Johnson, both
of the City, County, and State of New York, United States of America.
•
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH ELECTRIC CABLES." (A communication
from abroad by Patrick Bernard Delany and Edward Hibberd Johnson, both of the
City, County, and State of New York, United States of America.)
The Invention relates to improvements upon the electric cable, wherein a series
of insulated conducting wires are arranged in practically the same plane in a flat
lead pipe, and are separated by intervening walls of lead; and its object is to
obviate the necessity for the great compression of the enclosing lead pipe, which is
liable to injure the insulating covering of the wires or the corrugating and possible
weakening of such lead pipe, one of which methods has been required heretofore
in the manufacture of said cable in order to effect the complete separation of the
wires by intervening lead walls.
This is accomplished by the present Invention by forming the intervening lead
walls of material which is wholly or partly added to the body of the pipe.
The Invention may be conveniently carried out by casting or moulding the lead
pipe in flat form, with complete separating walls, integral with the walls of the
pipe, producing chambers in which the insulated wires are placed, after which the
lead is compressed by rollers or dies and closed snugly around the wires so as to
exclude air.
Or the lead pipe may be cast with internal ribs and chambers, the ribs meeting
when the pipe is compressed on the insulated wires and completing the walls
separating the wires.
Or a plain lead pipe may be used, cast flat or cast round, and then flattened.
The insulated wires in this last case will be separated by wires of lead, which
will be drawn into the pipe with the insulated wires, and will form separate walls
when the pipe is compressed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOGRAPH WATCHES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Williams at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th January 1881.
WILLIAM WILLIAMS, of No. 27, Bolton Street, Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Watch Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHRONOGRAPH WATCHES."
The object of this Invention is to register the eighth, tenth, or twelfth part of a
second, for timing races or similar purposes. The desired number of beats to be
given is determined by the number of the teeth in the fourth wheel, the
intermediate wheel, and the escapement wheel. Thus, in a watch timed to register
twelve beats in one second, there will be sixty teeth in the fourth wheel, forty
teeth in the intermediate wheel, and eighteen teeth in the escapement wheel. For a
watch to mark ten beats in the second the fourth wheel will have sixty teeth, the
intermediate wheel forty teeth, and the escapement wheel fifteen teeth. For a
watch to register eight beats in a second, the fourth wheel will have sixty teeth
the intermediate wheel forty teeth, and the escapement wheel twelve teeth.
numbers for the pinions are twelve and ten teeth respectively.
The
The dials are marked for twelve beats, 720 for the hand going round once in a
minute;
600 for ten beats; and 480 for eight beats in the second. For the small
finger making one revolution in three seconds, or as required, the dial is marked to
register each beat or part of a second.
FOR DETACHING OR DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Pettit at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th September 1881.
STEPHEN PETTIT, of Windsor, in the County of Berks.
FOR DETACHING OR DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS."
"IMPROVED MEANS
According to this Invention I fit horizontally between the lines that carry the
ship's boat a tube, in which works two bolts; one end of these bolts pass through a
fork or other suitably shaped piece or pieces, fixed to each of the suspending lines
so as to hold the shackles connected to the boat. The aforesaid bolts are actuated
in the aforesaid tube by means of a compound lever or other suitable contrivance,
capable of withdrawing the said bolts simultaneously from the aforesaid fork pieces,
and thus instantly disengage the boat from the tackles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONE RECEIVERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Herbert William Higgins
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1881.
FREDERICK HERBERT WILLIAM HIGGINS, of 88, Farleigh Road, Stoke Newington,
in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONE RECEIVERS."
Instead of the usual arrangement of an iron diaphragm set in motion by the
intermittent electrical impulses transmitted through a coil attached to the end of a
permanent magnet, I employ a solenoid or hollow coil or coils attached to the
diaphragm, which may be of non-magnetic metal or of non-metallic material.
The end of a magnet fixed to the handle part of the telephone passes into,
without touching, the hollow coil or solenoid.
The action of the electrical impulses is thus more direct than when transmitted
magnetically through the permanent magnet to an iron diaphragm, and the
resulting sounds are of greater purity and volume.
"AN IMPROVED EQUILIBRIUM
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Wenner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1881.
CARL WENNER, of St. Gallen, Switzerland.
VALVE"
"AN IMPROVED EQUILIBRIUM
My improved valve is particularly applicable to hydraulic engines, but it may
be used for other purposes, and it may be made either double or single.
In performing my Invention I use an outer shell or main casting through which
I make a hole tapered from each end towards the centre where it is smallest in
diameter, and I make a lateral inlet or inlets for the admission of water or other
fluid under pressure; at the opposite side (or in other positions); between the
centre and the ends) are formed two other outlet lateral tubular passages, through
which the water or other fluid is conveyed to (or from) each side of the piston to
be acted upon; I form an annular passage in the main casting where each outlet
passage joins it; in each end of the outer shed I fit a hollow taper plug, the inner
diameter (which is cylindrical) of each plug being the same diameter as the
smallest diameter of the inside of the main casting; each plug is fixed in its place
by a screw cap fitting on the end of the main casting; one plug has a longitudinal
central passage through its end for the discharge of the water or other fluid after
it has been used, and the end of the other plug is provided with a stuffing box or
gland through which the valve spindle passes; this spindle is moved endwise to
open and close the valves. On this spindle I fit two piston valves provided with
any suitable packing, one to close and open the passage to one side of the piston,
and the other to close and open the passage to the other side of the piston to be
acted upon; the valves work inside the plugs; the water or other fluid passes from
the inlet and between these two valves to either side of the piston, according as
one or the other passage is opened or closed by the valves. The valve spindle is
partly hollow, and through it the water is discharged from one side of the piston,
and from the other side the piston it is discharged through the plug without
passing through the spindle, the plugs are perforated with small holes to admit the
water or other fluid from the inside of the shell to the outlet passages; this
prevents the valve packing entering the passages. I have described a double
valve. In making a single valve I use only one taper plug. The valve may be
used for admitting fluid to work a ram or piston; or it may be applied to other
purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE-UP BOOTS, AND IN MEANS FOR SECURING THE LACES THEREOF
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gaston Alfred Marie d'Haisno at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th June 1881.
GASTON Alfred Marie d'Haisne, Boulevard Arago, Paris, in the Republic of
France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE-UP BOOTS, AND IN MEANS FOR SECURING
THE LACES THEREOF."
The Invention has for its object improvements in lace-up boots, and in means
for securing the laces thereof.
For this purpose I continue the front of the boot upward in one piece, gradually
widening the same from its junction at the instep with the lower part of the back
portion of the boot to the top of the leg thereof, so as to form an expansible tongue
which may be used to enclose the trousers if required or may be folded close to the
leg.
This front is sewn to the back at a short distance from the front edges of the
latter, and the said front edges of the back are provided with eyelets or hooks for
laces.
The laces are securely held by means of a clip consisting of two jaws of plate
metal cut and bent to shape, and formed with lugs or ears at the centre of the
length thereof; a pin is passed through these lugs or ears, and serves as a hingo
and at the same time to connect the two parts of the clip together; each jaw of
the clip is formed trough shaped, and one end thereof is provided with teeth. Tho
ends of the laces are passed through such trough, and in order to secure the laces
the clip is pushed up close to the boot, the upper ends of the two jaws of the clip
thus become separated from each other by the lace, thereby forcing the toothed
ends of the jaws firmly upon the lace and securely holding the same.
APPARATUS FOR FILLING VESSELS WITH LIQUIDS."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Rouse at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th December 1881.
EDWARD ROUSE of the City of Manchester, Plumber, &c.
APPARATUS FOR FILLING VESSELS WITH LIQUIDS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The object of the improvements is to enable casks, carboys, and other vessels to
be readily filled with beer, wine, spirits, acids, chemicals, or other liquids, in such a
manner as to provide an automatic stopping of the flow of such liquid, when the
vessel under operation has become filled.
To effect this, and to carry out my improvements, I construct a nozzle of a
peculiar description, composed of metal, glass, gutta-percha, or other suitable
substance, according to the requirements of the liquid desired to be conveyed to
the vessel to be filled. This nozzle may be of any convenient form, and is by
preference fitted with a valve or tap but such valve or tap may be placed at any
convenient point in the tube or pipe connecting the nozzle with the supply vat or
other main source. An air tube is constructed in the nozzle for the escape of air
from the vessel as it fills. This air tube leads into a recess or chamber containing
a ball or float, which may be of any substance of less specific gravity than the
liquid desired to be conveyed.
The vent for air is at such a point, and arranged in such a manner that when
the vessel is filled, and the liquid enters through the air tube into the chamber
aforesaid, the ball or float already described will be floated towards the vent port,
so as to close the same, thus automatically stopping the flow of liquid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOM PICKERS AND IN THE METHOD OF LUBRICATING THE SPINDLES UPON WHICH THEY SLIDE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL_SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding and Edward
Kenworthy Dutton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on tho
5th December 1881.
JOSEPH HOLDING and EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON, both of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOM PICKERS AND IN THE
METHOD OF LUBRICATING THE SPINDLES UPON WHICH THEY SLIDE."
Our Invention relates in the first place to the pickers employed in looms for
weaving, we make such pickers partly of wood; the picker is bored to slide upon
the spindle and is formed with a projecting fin which passes through a slit in the
strap, or the said strap is secured in a jaw. In one form the top and back of the
picker slant upwards and forwards. The strap is not twisted as in the ordinary
attachment. We apply a packing or facing of leather, hide, or suitable material,
or material to receive the blow of the shuttle; such materials may be screwed,
nailed, rivited, cemented, or otherwise firmly secured. In some cases such material
is enclosed in a recess bored or cut in the front of the picker. We may use metal
ferules, rings, plates, or parts to prevent the wood from splitting or to otherwise
render the picker more durable.
In the second place we apply a pad, roll, or piece of flannel, felt, cloth, or
absorbent material or combination of materials to the spindle at the part which is
to the rear of the check-strap. Such pad will absorb lubricant applied to it, and
will supply it slowly to the spindle, thereby keeping it sufficiently lubricated for a
considerable length of time without excess of supply. When applied immediately
behind the check-strap the said pad moves to some extent upon the spindle at each
stroke of the shuttle thereby distributing the lubricant. A convenient form of
pad consists of a strip of flannel formed into a roll or perforated and folded, but
washers or other forms of absorbent material of the indicated nature may be used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUPPORTS OR FEET FOR PIANOS AND OTHER FURNITURE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th March 1881. A communication
from abroad by Julien Goetgeluck, of Bruges, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SUPPORTS OR FEET FOR PIANOS AND OTHER FURNITURE." A communication
from abroad by Julien Goetgeluck, of Bruges, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
The Invention relates to the mode of supporting pianos and other furniture on
rollers, and consists in attaching to the foot or base a plate having a spherical
projection in the centre, and fitting into a correspondingly shaped recess formed at
the top of a movable plate which carries at its underside the roller.
The weight is transmitted from the upper (or fixed) disc upon the lower (or
movable) disc by means of small balls placed in a circular groove formed at the
circumference of the lower disc, and concentric with its spherical cavity in which
the spherical projection of the upper disc pivots. The upper plate or disc may be
circular or quadratic, and is preferably secured to the furniture by four screws
arranged concentrically.
For pianos, the balls upon which the upper disc rests are made of glass or
crystal, in order to insulate the piano from the floor; otherwise the various parts
may be made of metal.
IMPROVED MEANS OF CARBURETTING AND REGULATING GAS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Weston at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th April 1881.
JOHN HENRY WESTON, of Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, Gas
Engineer. "IMPROVED MEANS OF CARBURETTING AND REGULATING GAS."
The object of my Invention is to improve the illuminating power of ordinary
coal gas for lighting purposes, and at same time regulate its pressure by arresting
the course of the gas to the point of ignition, and causing it to pass through an
apparatus charged with a hydro-carbon liquid or other volatile matter that will
effectually carburet the gas about to be consumed.
My apparatus consists of a vessel or reservoir constructed of suitable material,
and is designed to follow the general configuration of the articles to which it is
applied. This vessel or reservoir is fitted with an inlet tube on the top of which
is adjusted a striking plate which directs the course of the gas and brings it into
contact with the hydro carbon fluid contained therein and held in suspension by
absorbents. These absorbents are so arranged as to utilize the whole of the liquid.
The outlet tube or tubes in the same vessel or reservoir is or are so placed that
after the gas has been carburretted it is taken off and conveyed to the point of
ignition. For the purpose of charging the vessel or reservoir with the necessary
hydro carbon liquid I place a feeding tube which is regulated to a given length
for a given quantity, and so arranged as to render overflow or flooding impossible.
To further simplify the means of recharging the vessel or reservoir, I employ a
connecting screw, whereby the same may be readily removed for the above
purpose.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN AND CONNECTED WITH WATER CLOSETS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Elms at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th March 1881.
JAMES ELMS, of 40, Fleet Street, in the City of London, and Thornhill Grove,
Lee Green, in the County of Kent. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN AND CONNECTED WITH
WATER CLOSETS."
In carrying my Invention into practice I fit an upper water closet of the
ordinary make with a second chamber underneath. The upper one will work in
the ordinary way with an ordinary pull, but with the addition of a double action
crank (or other contrivance), so that when the contents of the upper closet are
emptied into the lower chamber, the pan of the lower one will become closed, but
on the return of the pull the lower one will then open and allow the contents to
fall through the pipe; by keeping the lower closet thus closed it will prevent or
check the upflow of noxious smells or gases into the upper pan.
According to another plan, I have two separate ordinary pulls, and I keep both
the upper and lower pans supplied with water, and thus entirely check or prevent
the upflow of obnoxious smells or gases escaping, viz., pull No. 1 will empty the
contents of the top pan into the lower one, and by the return of the pull the upper
chamber will again become charged with water in the ordinary way; when this has
been done the pull of No. 2 will discharge its contents into the pipe, and on its
return be again closed, and by again drawing pull No. 1 that will empty the water
contained in the upper pan into the lower one, where it will remain, and at the
same time the upper one will again become supplied with water in the usual way,
so that by this means both pans will always be kept charged with water and more
effectually prevent any obnoxious smells or gases escaping or getting between the
two pans, and will also prevent any discharge thereof on emptying the contents
of the upper pan in the first instance.
"
I connect the two pans by flanges or rims around the lower portion of the upper
pan and the top part of the lower one, which will be secured together in any
convenient manner, and so that the same can at any time be disconnected in order
to remove any obstacle or for repair of the pans. In order to prevent any leakage
arising or any obnoxious smell or gas escaping between the two pans, I place a
layer of gutta percha or felt, or some such substance, between the rims of the two
pans, which will enable them to be more closely drawn together without injury to
the rims or flanges.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EGG-TIMERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Brown Houghton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1881.
ALBERT BROWN HOUGHTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer. IMPROVEMENTS IN EGG-TIMERS."
$6
This Invention refers to apparatus used for the timing of boiling eggs, usually
made upon the principle of the old hour glass, and its object is to construct these
articles of some more durable material to avoid breakage. With this view I form
the body of the article of any suitable metal of a double cone form, the apices of
the two cones meeting in the centre as in the ordinary shape, but the bases left
open for the insertion of plates of glass, which plates are fixed in a groove formed
round the inner periphery of the base, and the edge of the metal is then slightly
turned over inwards to prevent the glass escaping.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKING THE NUTS OF THE BOLTS OF THE JOINTS OF RAILS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hermann Wedekind at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1881. A communication from
abroad from Ludwig Imperatori, of Milan, Engineer, and Carl Buelowius, of
Bochum, Civil Engineer.
HERMANN WEDEKIND, of 158, Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKING THE NUTS OF THE BOLTS OF THE
JOINTS OF RAILS." A communication from abroad from Ludwig Imperatori, of
Milan, Engineer, and Carl Buelowius, of Bochum, Civil Engineer.
These improvements relate more especially to locking or to keeping from
running back the screw-nuts of the so called fish-joints of the rails of railways;
but they are also applicable to other nuts. The nut is made with suitable radial
teeth or grooves, stamped, or filed, or otherwise formed on its inner surface.
Between the nut and the surface of the object to be screwed up. is interposed a
washer of a peculiar kind. This washer, which is preferably of steel, is made
clastic by being corrugated, or dished, or otherwise suitably shaped. The washer is
further formed with a radial slit or slits, and at such slit or slits it is suitably bent
or curved upwards. A spring catch or spring ratchet is thereby constituted. On
the nut being turned, the elastic projection or projections of the washer can catch
into the teeth or grooves of the nut, and thus keep it from turning back under the
action of vibration. The nut can be screwed back when desired by temporarily
holding down these projections.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF A COMPOUND FOR PREVENTING THE ESCAPE OF STEAM, GAS, WATER, OR AIR FROM JOINTS OF ENGINES, BOILERS, PIPES, AND MACHINERY
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Tall at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1881.
GEORGE TALL, of Brixton, in the County of Surrey, Seed Crusher.
" AN
IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF A COMPOUND FOR PREVENTING THE ESCAPE OF
STEAM, GAS, WATER, OR AIR FROM JOINTS OF ENGINES, BOILERS, PIPES, AND
MACHINERY."
This Invention relates to an improved manufacture of a compound for
preventing the escape of steam, gas, water, or air from joints of engines, boilers,
pipes, and machinery, whereby such joints are made at a less cost than hitherto has
been the case.
In carrying out my Invention I mix and amalgamate the ingredients forming
the improved compound, substantially in the manner hereinafter described, that is
to say,
I take a suitable proportion of mineral fibre, such as asbestos, ground talc,
plumbago, boiled linseed oil, raw linseed oil, and mineral oil, to which I add
rosin, whiting, blue clay, pipe clay, fire clay, and brown earth in suitable
proportions.
These ingredients are then thoroughly mixed together, and the compound thus
formed is passed through cold rollers, and is subsequently passed through
hot rollers, whereby the mass is reduced to a doughy consistence and is ready
for use.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN HARPOONS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May 1881. A communi-
cation from abroad by Ole Christensen Bjerke, of Christiania, in the Kingdom
of Norway.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HARPOONS." A communication from abroad by Ole Christensen Bjerke,
of Christiania, in the Kingdom of Norway.
My Invention consists in furnishing harpoons with specially made wires or ropes
in such manner that said harpoons can be readily placed in communication with
one pole of a suitable source of electricity, while the other pole of the said source
is connected with the water, and thereby allow of an electric current being sent
through the harpoon and into the fish or animal as soon as the harpoon strikes or
penetrates the same. The harpoon may be thrown by hand, by a gun, or by other
suitable means. I sometimes use an ordinary rifle or a small gun. The weapon or
harpoon is then specially fashioned for the purpose, being shaped somewhat like a
ramrod, but furnished with an arrow shaped point, the point only of said harpoon
which projects beyond the muzzle of the gun being insulated, and to said point the
conducting wire is connected, the conducting wire being also insulated to prevent
the current from being diverted into the water.
Induced currents obtained by means of a galvanic battery, or alternating currents
from a magneto electric machine are to be used, preferably the latter.
For catching animals which float after death the wire or rope fixed to the
harpoon must be made as light and as small as possible, and I place therein the
necessary conducting wires.
For catching animals which sink after death, the whole apparatus, harpoon,
insulated rope, and gun, must be made sufficiently strong to allow of the animal
being drawn by the rope to the ship, where it is either taken on board or kept
floating by buoys or other suitable appliances. The whole harpoon is made of
metal with grooves in which the cords can lie, and with attachments for ensuring
electrical contact between harpoon and conducting wires.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUGAR-CANE CRUSHING MACHINERY
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Dale at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1881.
THOMAS DALE, of Kirkcaldy, in the County of Fife, North Britain, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SUGAR-CANE CRUSHING MACHINERY."
This Invention relates to sugar-cane crushing machinery of the kind in which
the steam engine, the gearing, and the mill are all arranged upon one sole plate or
bed frame, forming what is known as a combined steam cane mill, and the object
is to improve the mode of arranging or combining the various parts with the view
of giving more convenient access to parts requiring attention, and of securing other
practical advantages.
In carrying out the Invention according to one modification, the steam engine
cylinder is placed horizontally and fixed at one end of the bed frame with the
piston-rod guides overhung, so as to allow the flywheel to be placed between them
and the bed frame. A part of the flywheel forms part of the crank, and the valve
gear is arranged at the outer side. With this arrangement the working parts of
the steam engine are not between any parts of the gearing, and can be attended to
and handled without danger, whilst a flywheel of large size can be adopted without
its being necessary to place the gearing at an objectionable height.
In a second modification, which will be more suitable for some situations and
circumstances, an inverted vertical steam cylinder is employed, and is arranged at
one end of the bed frame with the flywheel to the outer side of it, but overhung,
whilst the spur pinion is placed between the crank and the flywheel. In this
arrangement also the cylinder and working parts are easy of access, whilst the
flywheel can be made large and yet the gearing be kept low upon the bed
frame.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS (OR MACHINE OR APPLIANCE) FOR DRAWING CORKS FROM BOTTLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Nottingham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th September 1881.
JOHN WILLIAM NOTTINGHAM, of No. 108, Kennington Park Road, in the County
of Surrey, Mechanical Engineer. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS (OR MACHINE OR
APPLIANCE) FOR DRAWING CORKS FROM BOTTLES."
By an improved mechanical corkscrew, which consists of an ordinary corkscrew
fitted and turning in an encircling collar, such collar being fixed at one end of a
slotted lover, this lever is acted upon by a combination of other levers, one being
attached to a standard upon a circular collar or "bottle ring" encircling the neck
of an ordinary bottle.
The object of my Invention is to easily obtain the withdrawing of a cork by
giving motion to a lover handle upon the corkscrew; it is so placed as to act
directly upon the cork at its most difficult position of displacement; the fulcrum
being close to the point of its first removal, power being applied, easily effects the
dislogement of the cork, then by the combination of a second lever the action
becomes quicker and the cork is further displaced till the third lever acts, when the
cork is then rapidly removed free from the bottle. I therefore by one action of
the primary lever or handle perform the whole operation by a very expeditious
and easy method of removing corks from bottles of an ordinary discription.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKE BLOCKS FOR RAILWAY VEHICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Illius Augustus Timmis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd November 1881.
ILLIUS AUGUSTUS TIMMIS, of No. 17, Great George Street, Westminster, S.W.,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKE BLOCKS
FOR RAILWAY VEHICLES."
The object of this Invention is to increase the safety of railway vehicles in
running. As is well known, the brake blocks that are fitted to railway vehicles at
the present time are generally made of cast iron, especially those fitted to
continuous brakes, though railway wagons are more generally fitted with woodon
brake blocks.
The object I have in view is to make the brake blocks of a more reliable
material than cast iron or steel; and to effect this purpose I make them of any
suitable shape or pattern out of rolled bars of iron or steel and cut into suitable
lengths, and trimmed with a hammer, or tilt, or press, or sheared into shape. I
employ any one or any of these methods in conjunction, or I make the blocks out
of iron or steel solely by means of a hammer or press, and finish them in any
convenient way. In other words I make the brake blocks out of rolled, or forged,
or out of rolled and forged iron or steel, and by this means I get an amount of
fibre and tenacity in the metal that-1st, ensures the blocks against breakages and
cracks. It is well known that pieces come off the cast blocks frequently, and are
a source of most serious danger to trains; 2ndly, the blocks last much longer, and
in addition to this they can be worn much thinner before being replaced by now
ones.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DEEP SEA FISHING OR TRAWLING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William de Caux at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1881.
JOHN WILLIAM DE CAUX, of Great Yarmouth, in the County of Norfolk,
Gentleman. " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DEEP SEA FISHING
OR TRAWLING."
My improvements apply to apparatus of the character of that described in
the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me bearing date the 26th of August
1879, No. 3438.
One part of the improvements described in the said former Specification had for
its object the use of trawl beams of greatly increased length, made up for the
purpose of a number of separate parts, for facility of stowage, and capable of being
readily combined for the desired extended beam.
I now find it convenient in many cases to use beams such as were heretofore
employed, that is, of simple pieces or of two or more pieces scarfed together as
heretofore.
I employ carriages of the character of those described in my said former Specifi-
cation, except that the frames are simplified by being formed of single bars forked
at the ends to receive the wheels, and in place of employing separate cradles to
receive the ends of the beams, I form the frames to the carrying wheels into sockets
or bands at those parts to receive such beams, and the parts are for use held
together by nuts or screws or pins and cottars, so as to be readily removeable and
replaced at pleasure.
Also in place of supporting the net at numbers of places along the length of the
beam by bolts held by levers capable of being simultaneously released, for the
release of the net I support the net by a rope passed round the beam, and secured
with other parts of the net by sliding bolts at or towards each end of the beam,
such bolts being held by lever arrangements capable of being simultaneously
released for the release of the net from the beam when required.
Also in place of employing a roller to the cod end of the net, which net I form
of square meshes, I apply rings to that part through which I pass a cord, one end
of which is passed through a ring at the other end thereof, so that by pulling this
cord the parts of the end of the net may be drawn together.
By these means great simplicity of operation is obtained, and the disconnecting
gear itself is also disconnected simultaneously with the disconnecting of the
gear.
The narts generally are simplified