Improvements in or Applicable to Self-generating Gas or Vapour Burners for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 20th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 15th Mar., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Applicable to Self-generating Gas or Vapour
Burners for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
We, ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, of the firm of H. Wallwork & Co., of Union Bridge
Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Ironfounders,
and ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS of Manchester aforesaid, and of 102, Midland Road,
St. Pancras, London, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention, to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to self generating gas or vapour burners for lighting or heating
purposes, where two or more jets are combined together in a manner somewhat similar
to those described in a Complete Specification filed by us, in application for a Patent
No. 2352 A.D. 1888, and illustrated by figs. 19, 20 and 21, of the drawing.
Our present improvements consist in combining two or more jets with corresponding
air cylinders and cones with suitable passages or pipes forming gas or vapour generators
in such manner that should the flame from one jet of a group of two or more burners
become extinguished from any cause, the flame of the other jet or jets will
relight it.
This we effect by forming a communication between all the air cones of the group
of two or more, near the exit end of the cones where some pressure exists, so that the
flame from any one of the lighted jets will pass to and ignite the gas or vapour, mixed
with air passing through any other air cone of the group of jets which may have been
extinguished.
With this arrangement the generating pipes or passages will be kept heated, and
there will be one light at least burning even should one jet get stopped up by some
obstruction.
A further improvement applicable to self-generating gas burners, consisting of two
or more jets combined together consists in making one jet (which may be a small jet)
as a starting and relighting jet, and the other jet or jets the main burners.
The small jet will thus relight the main jet or jets (each jet having an air cone
with communicating passages as above explained) when extinguished from any cause,
and will also act when heating up the burner for use, for which purpose the main jet
or jets are so arranged that the supply of gas or vapour generated can be shut off from
them for the reason that when the small jet is first started it can only produce vapour
enough for its own supply, but the flame gradually heats the generating tubes or
passages of the burner and produces more vapour which may then be gradually turned
on to the main jet or jets as the supply increases by which time there is heat enough
to generate vapour for all the jets.
Any suitable cock or valve is or may be used for shutting off or turning on and
regulating the supply of vapour to the main jet or jets but we prefer to use and com-
bine with our improved self generating gas or vapour burners, a screw cone or needle
arrangement similar to that described and illustrated by fig. 22 of our aforesaid
Complete Specification No. 2352-1888.
Where there are a group of two or more jets or burners acting upon connected
generating tubes or passages, all the jets may be of the same size, but at starting only
one jet is allowed to burn the supply of vapour being turned on, as its production
increases to the other burners in succession by suitable cocks or valves.
With our improvements above described, we combine any of the arrangements of
generating tubes or passages described in the Complete Specifications No. 15,328-1886,
No. 17,218-1887 or No. 2352-1888, and also combine therewith any of the forms
and arrangements of jet nozzles described in the Complete Specification No. 17,218
A.D. 1887, and illustrated by figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the drawings.

page_text: We also combine in some cases with our present improvements above described,
arrangements for regulating the distance of the jet and air cones from the generating
tubes or passages somewhat similar to those described in our said Specification
No. 2352-1885 and illustrated by fig. 16 of the drawings.
Our present improvements also consist in combination with the improvements
herein before described of a modification of the rings or generators of the burner
illustrated by figs. 19, 20 and 21 of the drawings annexed to the said specification
No. 2352-1888 by making the same oblong and without the central passage, also by
making such generating rings with ribs, grid bars, or conducting surfaces upon which
the flames of the jets play these ribs, grid bars or conducting surfaces conveying the
heat received by them to the generating tubes or passages with which they are
connected.
These heat conducting bars ribs or surfaces may be of any desired form according
to the form and arrangement of the generating passages, and may in some cases be
made separate from the generating passages.
Another modification of our invention consists in arranging the flames from two jets
to play upon
the sides of vertical generating tubes or passages formed between, and in
front of the jets.
These generating passages in another modification form a triangle consisting of two
long passages projecting parallel to the flames and a short vertical passage with two
screw plugs to give access for cleaning out the passages.
There are or may be heat conducting ribs or bars between the long passages, if
desired.
A further improvement especially useful for burning light oils such as petroleum
consists in applying wire gauze in front of the air cone, for the jet of gas or vapour to
pass through, and into the air cone-and in some cases this wire gauze will act
and may be used without the air cone especially for burning light oils, such as
petroleum.
Dated this Tighteenth day of Anril 1889
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Applicable to Self-generating Gas or Vapour
Burners for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
We, ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, of the firm of H. Wallwork & Co., of Union Bridge
Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Ironfounders,
and ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS of Manchester aforesaid, and of 102 Midland Road,
St. Pancras, London, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to self generating gas or vapour burners for lighting or
heating purposes, where two or more jets are combined together in a manner
somewhat similar to those described in a Complete Specification filed by us in
Application for a Patent No. 2352 A.D. 1888, and illustrated by figs. 19, 20 and 21
of the drawing.
Our present improvements consist in combining two or more jets with corre-
sponding air cylinders and cones with suitable passages or pipes forming gas or
vapour generators in such manner that should the flame from one jet of a group of two
or more burners become extinguished from any cause, the flame of the other jet or
jets will relight it.
This we effect by forming a communication between all the air cones of the group
of two or more, near the exit end of the cones where some pressure exists, so that the
flame from any one of the lighted jets will pass to and ignite the gas or vapour
mixed with air passing through any other air cone of the group of jets which may
have been extinguished.

page_text: With this arrangement the generating pipes or passages will be kept heated, and
there will be one light at least burning even should one jet get stopped up by some
obstruction.
A further improvement applicable to self generating gas burners consisting of two
or more jets combined together consists in making one jet (which may be a small jet)
as a starting and relighting jet, and the other jet or jets the main burners.
and
The small jet will thus relight the main jet or jets (each jet having an air cone, with
communicating passages as above explained) when extinguished from any cause,
will also act when heating up the burner for use, for which purpose the main jet or
jets are so arranged that the supply of gas or vapour generated can be shut off from
them for the reason that when the small jet is first started it can only produce vapour
enough for its own supply, but the flame gradually heats the generating tubes or
passages of the burner and produces more vapour, which may then be gradually
turned on to the main jet or jets as the supply increases by which time there is heat
enough to generate vapour for all the jets.
Any suitable cock or valve is or may be used for shutting off or turning on and
regulating the supply of vapour to the main jet or jets, but we prefer to use and
combine with our improved self generating gas or vapour burners, a screw cone or
needle arrangement similar to that described and illustrated by fig. 22 of our aforesaid
Complete Specification No. 2352-1888.
Where there are a group of two or more jets or burnérs acting upon connected
generating tubes or passages, all the jets may be of the same size, but at starting
only one jet is allowed to burn, the supply of vapour being turned on, as its produc-
tion increases to the other burners in succession by suitable cocks or valves.
With our improvements above described, we combine any of the arrangements of
generating tubes or passages (when two or more are combined together) described in
the Complete Specification No.15,328-1886 and illustrated by figures 10 to 15
inclusive and the Complete Specifications No. 17,218-1887 and No. 2352–1888, and
also combine therewith any of the forms and arrangements of jet nozzles described
in the Complete Specification No. 17,218-1887 and illustrated by figs. 10, 11, 12
and 13 of the drawings.
We also combine in some cases with our present improvements above described,
arrangements for regulating the distance of the jet and air cones from the generating
tubes or passages by the same or by somewhat similar arrangements to those
described in our said Specification No. 2352-1888 and illustrated by fig. 16 of
the drawings.
Our present improvements also consist in combination with the improvements
herein before described of a modification of the rings or generators of the burner
illustrated by figs. 19, 20 and 21 of the drawings annexed to the said Specification
No. 2352-1888 by making the same oblong and without the central passage, also
by making such generating rings with ribs, grid bars or conducting surfaces upon
which the flames of the jets play, these ribs, grid bars or conducting surfaces
conveying the heat received by them to the generating tubes or passages with
which they are connected. These heat conducting bars, ribs or surfaces may be of
any desired form according to the form and arrangement of the generating
passages, and may in some cases be made separate from the generating passages.
Another modification of our invention consists in arranging the flames from two
jets to play upon the sides of vertical generating tubes or passages formed between
and in front of the jets.
These generating passages in another modification form a triangle consisting of two
long passages projecting parallel to the flames and a short vertical passage or two or
more of such passages with two screw plugs to give access for cleaning out the
passages.
"
There are or may be heat conducting ribs or bars between or extending from the
long passages or the cross bars between them if desired.
A further improvement especially useful for burning light oils such as petroleum
consists in applying wire gauze in front of the air cones, for the jet of gas or vapour

page_text: to pass through and into the air cone, and in some cases this wire gauze will act
and may be used without the air cone especially for burning light oils such as
petroleum.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, fig. 2 is an elevation looking from the rear end of the
burner, fig. 3 is a cross section at A-B fig. 1, and fig. 4 is a cross section at C-D
fig. 1, these views illustrating an improved combined burner according to our
invention.
The burner is formed by two rectangular "rings" a, and a¹, united together by
passages at the lower and upper sides. The passages in the rings are straight and
there is a hole at each angle in each ring to give access to clear out the passages from
obstruction and each of these holes is closed by a screw plug a².
b, is a pipe (partly shown) through which the burner is supplied with combustible
liquid, and upon which it can revolve as an axis, the upper end of this pipe b, is
screwed into a boss cast between the two rings a and a'. The oil enters in the middle
of the lower passages of the rings and divides and passes along the two vertical side
passages of each ring and then the gas or vapour from the oil leaves the upper
passages of the rings, and passes along the branch passages or tubes c and c', to the
wo nozzies d, (see fig. 4), which have or may have nozzles constructed as described
in reference to figs. 10, 11 and 12 in the aforesaid Specification of Letters Patent
granted to us No. 17,218-1887.
The air cylinders e, and cones e¹, are constructed and arranged as shown by figs. 1
and 3, in fig. 3 of which it will be seen that there is a partition between the two cylinders e,
in which there is a hole e², so that ignited gas or vapour from one nozzle d, may pass
to and ignite the vapour from the other nozzle or nozzles if more than two, should
they become extinguished.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation and fig. 6 is a section on the line E-F fig. 5 which is in
the plane of the longitudinal axes of the nozzles at the rear end of a burner in which
there is one small starting or relighting nozzle d¹, and a main nozzle d, the flames
from which pass parallel with each other and play upon the connected vapour
generating passages.
There is a hole e², in the partition between the small and the large air cylinders e,
and cones e¹.
The nozzled, for assisting in starting the burner to work and for relighting the
jet, is or may be constructed and arranged as herein before described in reference to
the modification shown by figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, but the nozzle d, for the main
burner is constructed with a cone ended spindle valve f, the spindle is screwed and
passes through a packing gland fl. This arrangement of spindle valve is described
and illustrated by fig. 22 of the Specification of our aforesaid Letters Patent
No. 2352-1888. With burners arranged as illustrated by figs. 5 and 6, the screw
valve spindle f, is closed when its cone end is forced against a seating inside the
nozzle to prevent the escape of vapour at the main nozzle d, when the burner is
being first heated up, then when sufficient vapour is generated to burn at the small
nozzle d', it is ignited and assists in heating up the burner to get it to work and
when sufficient vapour is generated to supply both nozzles d¹ and d, the spindle
valve, is opened and vapour then escapes at the main nozzle d, and is ignited by
the flame from (the small nozzle d', which passes through the hole e², between the
air cones.
Whichever jet of flame happens to go out from obstruction or from a few drops of
water getting for a moment into the nozzle, it is relighted again by the jet which
remains ignited. When two or more full size nozzles are combined to play upon
connected generating passages forming one burner, they are or may be constructed
with valves to open and close the nozzles, or all may be so formed except one, and
when so arranged the connected generating passages may be more readily heated
and started, as the nozzles are only brought into action one after the other as the
vapour is generated until there is sufficient to supply all the combined jets or
nozzles.
When vapour generating tubes or passages, similar to those described and

page_text: illustrated by figs. 10 to 15 inclusive of our said Specification No. 15,328-1886 or
similar to those described in our said Specifications No. 17,218-1887 and
No. 2352-1888 are combined and connected together to be operated upon by the
flames from two or more nozzles, the application of our present improvements for
relighting and assisting to heat them up to work will be obvious.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal side elevation partly in section, fig. 8 is a plan view and
fig. 9 is a sectional elevation on the line A-B fig. 8 illustrating another modification
of our invention.
Fig. 10 is a longitudinal side elevation, and fig. 11 is a sectional elevation through
one of the rings in the line A-B fig. 10.
In the modification illustrated by figs. 1 and 2 the rings are oblong without the
central passage shown in fig. 20 of our said Specification No. 2352-1888 and the
modifications illustrated by figs. 7, 8 and 9 and figs. 10 and 11 show ribs, grid bars or
conducting surfaces which the flames from the nozzle or nozzles play upon, and the
heat thus imparted to the said conducting surfaces is conveyed to the sides of the
vapour generating passages of the rings with which they are connected.
9, are the heat conducting bars shown in figs. 7, 8 and 9; and g¹, are those bars
illustrated as applied to a single jet burner shown by figs. 10 and 11.
In some cases these heat coducting bars or grids, are or may be made separate
from the rings or generating passages and are bolted or otherwise secured thereto, so
that when burned out they may be readily removed and replaced.
Fig. 12 is a sectional elevation, and fig. 13 is a plan view illustrating another form
of duplex burner according to our invention.
b, is the oil supply pipe, screwed into a boss from the lower inclined passage a,
which forms a junction with a reverse inclined passage a', which joins a horizontal
passage having a branch c, and c', supplying two nozzles d.
There are two air cylinders e, and cones e¹, as shown.--Between the two inclined
passages a and a¹, there are or may be vertical passages a³, or solid bars for conducting
the heat to the generating tubes a and a¹.
The screw plug a', gives access to the lower inclined passage a, at its rear end, and
the screw plug a, where the inclined passages unite gives access to both inclined
passages a and a¹, from the front end of the burner.
The screw plugs aº, give access to the vertical passages when used.
The screw plugs shown at the rear are the same as those in the other modifications
of our burners illustrated by the drawings herewith.
The flames from one nozzle d, plays on one side and that from the other nozzle d,
on the other side of the generating tubes or passages a, and a¹.
e², is the hole between the two cylinders e, for relighting.
Fig. 14 is a side elevation, and fig. 15 a cross sectional elevation at A-B fig. 14
showing the application of wire gauze for the ignited flame from the nozzle to pass
through useful more especially when consuming light oils such as petroleum.
The wire gauze 4, is secured in a ring or cap h', placed upon the end of the air
cylinder e.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is.
1. In self generating gas or vapour burners having connected generating tubes or
passages for supplying gas or vapour to two or more nozzles, the flames from which
act upon the connected generating tubes or passages, the combination therewith of the
air cylinders and cones together for each nozzle, so that each air cylinder will
communicate with the other for relighting and starting purposes substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. In self generating gas or vapour burners baving connected generating tubes or
passages for supplying gas or vapour to two or more nozzles, the flames from which
act upon the connected generating tubes or passages, the combination therewith of
suitable cocks or valves for each of the nozzles, or each except one, so that the gas or

page_text: vapour can be shut off from each nozzle and turned on to each in succession, as the
supply of gas or vapour becomes sufficient to supply all the nozzles substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. In self generating gas or vapour burners when two or more nozzles are supplied
by the same tube which communicates with the generating tubes or passages
combining and arranging the tube carrying the nozzles and air cones and cylinders
having communications with each other so that the distance of the air cylinder and
cones may be adjusted to or from the generating tubes or passages as hereinbefore
explained.
4. The combination of ribs and bars or conducting surfaces whether separate from,
or solid with ring generating tubes or passages as herein before described and illustrated
by figs. 7, 8 and 9, and figs. 10 and 11 of the drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, figs. 7
to 9 inclusive, figs. 10 and 11 and 12 and 13 of the drawings.
6. The combination of wire gauze with the nozzle of the burner so that the gas or
vapour will pass through it, the wire gauze being used alone or in combination with
the air cylinder and cone substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
drawings.
Dated this Seventeenth day of January 1890.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.