CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Davy, Machine Maker, and William Bentley,.
Overlooker, both of Bradford, in the County of York, for the Invention
of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES.
of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Davy and William
Bentley, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their:
.Petition, on the 2nd May 1857.
We, JOSEPH DAVY, Machine Maker, and WILLIAM BENTLEY, Overlooker,
both of Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the
said' Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in adapting to looms a system of shuttle boxes,
hinged, jointed, or connected together similar to the links of an endless chain,
working around hexagonal-shaped cylinders, each of the sides of which is
equal, or nearly so, in width to the boxes containing the shuttles. The
aforesaid cylinders have intermittent rotatory motion imparted thereto by an
arrangement of pins or studs fixed in the end of one of said cylinders, said'
pins being acted upon by hooked levers, suitably connected to and actuated by
an ordinary jacquard engine attached to the loom. The aforesaid system of
shuttle boxes is connected to one end of the loom outside the framing thereof.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Davy and William Bentley in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 2nd November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOSEPH
DAVY, Machine Maker, and WILLIAM BENTLEY, Overlooker, both of Bradford,
in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Joseph Davy and William Bentley, Her special licence that we, the said
Joseph Davy and William Bentley, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Joseph Davy and William Bentley, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, uso, excrcise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Joseph Davy and William Beutley, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, or them, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Davy and William Bentley,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists in adapting to looms certain novel mechanism for
operating upon a system of shuttle boxes, hinged, jointed, or otherwise con-
nected together (somewhat similar to the links of a flat chain), working
around hexagonal or other flat sided rotating pieces of wood or metal, the
axes whereof are in the direction of the length of such said pieces, the width
of the aforesaid flat sides being somewhat more than the width of the shuttle
boxes, which are successively brought into contact therewith, and advanced
thereby as they rotate. The aforesaid hexagonal or other shaped pieces have
intermittent circular motion, or it may be continuous rotatory motion, or a

page_text: combination of both, imparted thereto by suitable mechanism herein-after
described; said mechanism being actuated by tappets, after the manner
described in the Specificatien of a former Patent, numbered 586, and bearing
date the Tenth day of March, 1856, granted unto me, the said Joseph Davy,
and one John Milne; or the said mechanism may be actuated by a jacquard
engine. The aforesaid system of shuttle boxes are connected to one of the
swords of the loom, and work outside one of the end framings thereof.
In order to explain our said Invention as completely as possible, we now
proceed to describe the best means we are acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the numeral figures and letters of
reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is an end elevation of a loom, shewing some of our improvements
adapted thereto; Fig. 2 is a partial front elevation of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an
elevation of the end framing of a loom, shewing the general mode of arranging
and combining the jacquard engine with our improvements for imparting the
necessary movement to the before-mentioned endless system of shuttle boxes;
Fig. 4 exhibits another mode of imparting motion to the said shuttle boxes,
and is a modification of the arrangement exhibited at Figs. 1 and 2; Figures
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 exhibit detached parts of our said improvements, drawn to
an enlarged scale, and herein-after particularly described and referred to. At
each of the foregoing Figures we employ similar letters of reference to denote
corresponding parts, in so far as such parts appear or can be seen at each of
such said Figures respectively.
A, A, is the end framing of the loom; B, a portion of the front framing
thereof; C, one of the swords to which our improvements are connected, same
being constructed and actuated in the following manner, and by the following
means-To that sword which is situate opposite to the driving end of the
loom, we connect by its lower end a casting D, and to the upper end of said
casting we affix three other castings, only two of which, respectively marked
E and G, are visible, the third casting being in a line with the casting G at
Figure 2. The aforesaid three castings carry the axes of the hexagonal
shaped rollers H, II'; one of such rollers marked H is fixed on its respective
axis and moves therewith, and the other roller H³ works loosely around its
axis, which is fixed in the casting G. The rollers H, H¹, have grooves and
holes a, a, formed therein, as at Figures 5 and 7, into which the several
links 6 of a species of endless chain of shuttle boxes c successively take. The
construction of this chain and mode of fixing the shuttle boxes thereto is

page_text: exhibited at Figure 6, which shews two of the links of. the said chain con-
nected together by rivets.. The dotted lines. at Figure 6 shew the position
of two shuttle boxes. One of the links b is represented detached in side
elevation at Fig. 6; I is a catch wheel fast on the axis H; the periphery of
this catch wheel is formed notched, as at Figure 1, and into. said notches
hooked catches K, K', take for turning round at intermittent intervals the
fast roller H, so as to bring one or other of the shuttles which are in, the
several shuttle boxes in a line with the shuttle race to be operated upon by
the picker, which is of the ordinary kind. The hooked catches K, K', aro
connected by rods f, f, to vibrating levers L, L, the fulcrum whereof is a
pin at g; M, M, are rods formed hooked at their upper ends, as at *, Figure. 1,
the lower ends of these said rods are connected to the levers L, L, two to each,
that is to say, one at each side of each of the levers L, L, for the purpose
hereafter mentioned. The hooked parts of the aforesaid levers are operated
upon by the lever N, for the purpose of lifting one or othor of them, according
as they are placed in position for that purpose by the tappet cylinder at O,
the construction and action of which have already been previously described
in the Specification of the before-mentioned Patent of the Tenth day of March.
1856, numbered 586.
The following are the operations of our improved mechanism for effecting
the turning round of the endless system of shuttle boxes before-mentioned for
bringing any desired shuttle into a line with the shuttle race, and for holding
it there until it is operated upon by the picker, that is to say:- Suppose tho
levers L; N, and rods and catches K and f to be in the position exhibited by
the Drawing at Figure 1, and the endless system of shuttle boxes to be moving
in the direction of the arrow's flight, it will appear evident, that if it is desired
to advance the said system of shuttle boxes in the above mentioned direction,
the hooked catch lever K¹ has to be pulled downwards after a similar manner
to its corresponding hooked catch lever K, already represented pulled down to
its full extent; and suppose also that it is required to move the aforesaid
system of shuttle boxes in the opposite direction, the pegs or pins in the before
mentioned tappet cylinder 0 are so arranged therein as to press the rods M
forward into position for being lifted up by the end of tho rod N; and by
attaching two rods M to each of the levers L, and making one of such rods
longer than the other, we are enabled to move the shuttle boxes from one box
to the third box in either direction, that is to say, the long rods when lifted
will only move through sufficient space to advance the shuttle boxes one box
backward or forward, but the short rods move through sufficient space to move
the said shuttle boxes two boxes each lift.

page_text: We now proceed to describe the construction of the shuttle boxes c and
rollers H, I, over which they pass (as represented drawn enlarged at Figures
5, 6, 7); the rollers H, H¹, are formed of hard wood, and that marked H' is
lined or bushed with a metal tube 1. The boxes care of thin metal, rivetted
to the links b, b, as before described and represented at Figure 6.
We next proceed to describe the modified mechanical arrangements
exhibited at Figure 4, to be employed in lieu of the arrangement exhibited at
Figures 1 and 2, for imparting motion to the endless system of shuttle boxes
before-mentioned. At Figure 4 there is a casting & bolted to the casting D
(shewn also at Figures 1 and 2 fixed to the sword of the loom), the casting h
carries a stud pin, on which revolve the wheels I and Z; the wheel I is the
same as that exhibited at Figures 1 and 2, and is actuated in a similar
manner, only instead of said wheel being fixed on the axis of the roller H, it
is in this case fixed on a separate axis; and there is a worm wheel at k (shewn
drawn enlarged at Figure 9) fixed on the axis of the roller H, into which a
wheel of peculiar construction (shewn drawn enlarged at Figure 8) takes or
gears and effects the double purpose of advancing the endless system of shuttle
boxes, and holding or locking each one whilst it is being operated upon by the
picker. The manner in which this is effected will be better understood by
reference to Figure 10, where 3, 3, denote the segmental threads of the
wheel 7; 4, 4, are spaces; and 5, 5, are a series of segmental flanges. The
wheel is partly exhibited at this last-mentioned Figure, and shews tho
relative position of the teeth of the wheel k, with the threads of the wheel Z,
and locking pieces 5, 5. By this arrangement the star wheel 6 and hammer 7
at Figure 2 are dispensed with for locking the roller H.
We next proceed to describe the mode exhibited at Figure 3, of operating
upon the aforesaid endless system of shuttle boxes by a jacquard engine,
instead of employing for that purpose the mechanism exhibited at Figures 1
and 2, and more particularly described in the before-mentioned Specification
of the Patent of 1856, numbered 586. At Figure 8, P denotes the position of
the jacquard engine, which being of the ordinary kind and well known it is un-
necessary to enter into any explanation of; Q is a jointed lever, similar in its
construction to that marked N at Figure 1. One end of this said lever is
connected by a rod m to the grife or grate of the engine, and the other end
thereof is connected by a rod Z adjusted to a slotted crank R, fixed on the cam
shaft S of the loom. Wires or cords n pass from the needles of the jacquard
engine to the levers L, L, exhibited at Figures 1, 2, 3, and operate thereon for
lifting them at the proper time, and in their proper order of succession,
according to the pattern of the work to be produced or manufactured in the
loom.

page_text: We would remark, that the aforesaid endless system of shuttle boxes instead
of being arranged to rotate in a horizontal direction, as represented by the
annexed Drawing, may be arranged vertically, thereby forming an endless
system of rotatory lifting boxes.
Having now fully described and set forth the nature and object of our said
Invention of "Certain Improvements in Looms for Weaving Fibrous Sub-
stances," together with the best means we are acquainted with for carrying
the same into practical effect, we hereby declare our Invention to consist in,
and we claim,-
First, the adaptation to looms working with rotating shuttle boxes of 1
certain improved mechanism, of the character above described and represented
at Figures 1 and 2, to be employed for operating either upon a rotatory shuttle
box or upon an endless system of boxes containing shuttles, so as to bring
them either in regular or in irregular succession opposite to the shuttle race
of the loom, and for holding them there during the action of the picker. We
claim the above for both plain and figure weaving.
Secondly, we claim the arrangements described under the first claim, in
combination with the mechanism hercin-before described and referred to in
the Specification of the Tenth day of March 1856, numbered 586.
Thirdly, we claim the mechanism described under our first claim in com-
bination with a jacquard engine for plain and figure weaving.
Fourthly, we claim the mechanical arrangements exhibited at Figure 4
to be used in lieu of the arrangement exhibited at Figures 1 and 2, for
operating upon the shuttle boxes, and for locking them whilst the loom is
"picking;" and especially we claim the wheel at Figures 8 and 10, for those
purposes.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Davy and William Bentley,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirty-first day of October,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness, BENJ BROWNE,
WILLIAM BENTLEY. (L.S.)
Clerk to Prince & Co., Agents for Patents,
4, Trafalgar Square.