Improvements relating to Suction and Force Pumps.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Suction and Force Pumps.
I OSSIAN ALBERT RINGBOM, Engineer, of Lathis, in the Grand Duchy of
Finland, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention consists in certain improvements in the construction of the suction
and force pump for which I have obtained a Patent in England on the 8th August
1893 under No. 15162.
By these improvements the pump is rendered simpler in construction and works
in a more precise manner.
The plunger, described in the Specification of Patent No. 15162 of 1893 is
dispensed with and also the device to assure that the quantity of liquid necessary
for obtaining the requisite volume of gas may always be at hand in the evaporating
vessel. This control is effected in a better and simpler manner in the new pump.
Finally the surface condenser placed in the lower part of the pump vessel as
described in the said Specification, has been replaced by a jet condenser whereby
considerable simplification is attained.
A pump provided with these improvements is shown in the accompanying
drawing.
The pump-chamber and its diaphragm are the same as those under the Patent
No. 15162 of 1893, also the evaporating vessel now called and the pipes m passing
from this vessel to the space beneath the diaphragm.
From the bottom of this space there extends downwards a chamber as in the
said Specification, but this chamber now contains no plunger, but instead thereof,
there is in the bottom of the same a valve h, the spindle of which, when the valve
is shut, extends somewhat above the lowest point of the bottom of the lower half
of the pump-body.
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The chamber has a prolongation below the valve from which a pipe k
provided with a cock i passes to the evaporating vessel l. From the bottom of the
chamber there passes also a pipe o, provided with a cock n and opening in the
open air. This pipe has also a valve p that opens at pressure from within, but is
closed when this pressure ceases.
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In the middle of the diaphragm a¹ a pipe f is secured, the lower open end of
which forms the seat of a valve c the spindle a of which passes through an opening
in the upper closed end of the pipe.
In the upper part of the pipe wall there is one or more small openings e. To the
middle of the upper part of the pump-body a valve box is secured, containing a
suction valve d and a forcing valve 2, belonging to the respective suction and
forcing pipes d and 6. The valve box b is open below and communicates with the
space above the diaphragm but is closed at the top.
The pump works in the following manner.
On the transformation of the small quantity of liquid contained in the evaporating
vessel into gas, the gas formed rushes into the space beneath the diaphragm and
causes this to rise. The pipe f secured to the middle of the diaphragm is thus
caused to rise into the valve box b, while the valve, by virtue of the gaseous
pressure prevailing beneath the diaphragm, is kept forced against its seat. The
length of the valve spindle a is thus proportioned, that its upper end, just before
the diaphragm attains its uppermost position, strikes the upper end of the valve
box, whereby the spindle is arrested and the valve is opened. This position is
illustrated on the drawing. Water or liquid in the upper part of the pump-body

page_text: and valve box is thereby forced into the pipe through the openings e and is
spread by or over the valve disc c into the space beneath the diaphragm, whereby
a rapid condensation of the gas or steam, contained therein, is effected. The water
thus condensed flows down into the vessel r. By virtue of the condensation and
the consequent reduction in pressure, the diaphragm is lowered whereby the
liquid to be pumped is sucked in through the suction pipe d and the suction
valve d¹.
The diaphragm being lowered to a certain position, the valve disc c strikes against
the head g, and the valve is shut.
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On the continued sinking of the diaphragm the spindle of the valve his pressed
down and part of the liquid gathered in the chamber flows down through cock i
and pipe k to the vessel 7, while the surplus passes through the cock n, the pipe o
and the valve p into the open air.
The liquid in the vessel is then instantaneously again transformed into gas by
means of the heat from the source of heat arranged beneath the same; the gas
rushes up and raises the diaphragm, whereupon the spring shuts the valve h and
the same process as before described is repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. In a suction and force pump comprising a pump-chamber divided into two parts
by a diaphragm (a'), the portion of the chamber beneath the diaphragm being
connected with a vessel (1) of large heating surface for reduction of liquid into gas
or vapour, whereby a small quantity of liquid may be reduced into gas, which
passes through connecting pipes (m) to the portion of the chamber beneath the
diaphragm, thereby effecting the raising of the diaphragm and the forcing up of
the liquid above it, the combination with the diaphragm of a pipe (f) the lower
end of which forms the seat of a valve (c), this valve being automatically opened
and the pipe filled with liquid from that pumped as soon as the. diaphragm has
reached its uppermost position, thereby causing the liquid to be spread or sprayed
over the valve disc into the portion of the chamber beneath the diaphragm, thus
condensing the gas in this chamber and causing the lowering of the diaphragm and
the suction of a new quantity of liquid through the suction pipe.
2. In a suction and force pump substantially as described, the combination with
the chamber (r) connected with the portion of the pump-body beneath the diaphragm,
of a valve (h) with spiral spring (A) which valve is opened when the diaphragm
has reached its lowest position in order to transmit a part of the condensed gas to
the vessel (1), the other part passing to an outlet pipe (o).
Dated this 9th day of February 1894.
R. HADDAN,
Of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.