matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED PUDDLING FURNACE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jones at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th November 1880.
JOHN JONES, of Westbromwich, in the County of Stafford, Furnace Builder.
"AN IMPROVED PUDDLING FURNACE,"
The object of this Invention is so to construct a puddling furnace that three
puddlers can work thereat at the same time, so saving a large amount of fuel and
materials, and a greater amount of puddled iron can be produced at a much less
cost than in furnaces as at present arranged.
My improved furnace is constructed as follows:-
By preference the shape thereof is an oblong, having two of its corners cut off,
and this is for better enabling the puddlers to work their metal and to prevent the
possibility of any portion of the metal, when in a soft state, becoming wedged in
the sharp corners.
The other portions of my improved furnace are, for the most part, similar to those
now in general use, except that the stack or fluo is built upon the top of the said
furnace so as to make room for the third puddler.
Hence it will be understood that one puddler can work at a door in the front
end of the furnace, and one thro doors fitted on each side of the furnace and
opposite to each other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUID MOTORS OR METERS, OR APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING THE POWER OF AND MEASURING THE QUANTITY OF WATER OR OTHER FLUID FLOWING THROUGH PIPES OR OTHER CONDUITS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Phillips Thompson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1880. A com-
munication from abroad by John Merrylees, of Liverpool, but temporarily of
the City, County, and State of New York.
WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, of the Firm of Wm. P. Thompson and Co., Patent
Agents, of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, 323, High
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and Berridge Street, Leicester, in the County
of Leicester, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLUID MOTORS OR METERS, OR
APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING THE POWER OF AND MEASURING THE QUANTITY OF
WATER OR OTHER FLUID FLOWING THROUGH PIPES OR OTHER CONDUITS."
A communication from abroad by John Merrylees, of Liverpool, but temporarily
of the City, County, and State of New York,
This Invention has for its object not merely a meter to record the quantity of
water passing per hour, but a motor. It consists of a casing composed preferably
of three castings, the upper one acting as a lid and supplied with a glass, the
middle one containing the index and counting mechanism, and the lower one with
the channel way and measuring or motive power apparatus. The sole connection
between the chamber formed by the middle and upper castings and the lower casting
consists in a hole, socket, or bearing, through which the main shaft passes, and
this is arranged with glands and a packing collar above so as to be waterproof.
The lower chamber consists of a thin flat circular space in which the disc of a
paddle wheel revolves, and an annular channel in which the hinged paddles, made
to closely but easily fit it, revolve. In this channel is an inclined plane or curved
ramp so placed as to fill the channel at one point only. The vanes or paddles as
they rotate bend at this inclined plane till at length they lie perfectly flat against
the disc and thus pass the summit, when they fall down and fill the channel as
before; the exit and entrance passages enter the channel respectively before and
after this inclined plane. The channel can be of any convenient shape, but I
prefer one with rounded bed so as to lessen friction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FLUFFING OR WHITING LEATHER SKINS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sam Haloy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th July 1880.
SAM HALEY, of the Firm of Thomas Haley and Co., of Bramley, near Leeds, in
the County of York, Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
FLUFFING OR WHITING LEATHER SKINS."
This Invention relates to machinery employed in fluffing and whiting leather
skins. The machinery hitherto employed for this purpose has consisted of a roller
covered with emery, and the leather skins to be operated upon have been placed
by hand in contact with this emery roller.
My Invention consists in employing bars or bearers upon which is placed a
sheet of leather or other suitable material, which is caused to bear or press on
the underside of the ordinary emery roller.'"
The skins to be operated upon are passed through or between the point of
contact of the said emery roller and leather sheet, and the necessary "fluffing" or
"whiting" is given to the skins. The leather sheet is connected rigidly at one end
and the other end is attached to a number of small weights, so that when the
leather sheet is brought underneath the emery roller the weights keep the leather
shect tight up against the emery roller, and consequently the skins are pressed up
against the said roller. By this means the leather sheet is partially wrapped around
the emery roller, and considerable bearing surface is given to the skin under operation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPLIANCES FOR CHECKING THE AMOUNT OF FARES COLLECTED ON OMNIBUSES AND OTHER PUBLIC CONVEYANCES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Rolph Burman and William
Henry Gambell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th June
1880.
ARTHUR ROLPH BURMAN, of Seacombe, in the County of Chester, and WILLIAM
HENRY GAMBELL, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND APPLIANCES FOR CHECKING THE AMOUNT OF FARES
COLLECTED ON OMNIBUSES AND OTHER PUBLIC CONVEYANCES."
In the various systems at present adopted for checking the conductors on
omnibuses and other public conveyances, great difficulty is experienced in making
the check effectual, and considerable expense is incurred where a second staff of
men is kept up to check the number of passengers with the amount of fares
collected by the guard.
This Invention is designed to provide an effectual check, at the same time one
that is extremely simple and inexpensive, and consists of tickets on which the
amount of the fare is printed, one of which is given to each passenger on payment
of the fare marked thereon. These tickets are made in different colours or of
different shape, or stamped or marked with a particular design, number, or letter,
or in any other manner so that they are easily distinguishable one from another.
At the commencement of each journey a book of tickets, all of one colour, shape, or
design, but differing from that used on the preceding one, is given to the.
conductor. A ticket of the identical shape, colour, or design need not be used at
any subsequent time. By this means the passengers can detect if all the tickets
issued on the journey are the same, and thus prevent the conductor reusing a
ticket that has been issued before. At the end of each journey, the guard has to
account in fares for the number and value of the tickets used, and is provided with
a fresh set of tickets before re-starting.
A specimen of the ticket to be used on each journey could be exhibited in or
upon the conveyance, or on the conductor's person or badge.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH THE LIDS OR COVERS OF TEA AND COFFEE POTS, AND OTHER COVERED VESSELS FOR ANALAGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Clarke at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1880.
JAMES CLARKE, of Cobridge, near to Stoke-upon-Trent, in the County of
Stafford, Metal Mounter and Dealer in Earthenware. " IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
CONNECTED WITH THE LIDS OR COVERS OF TEA AND COFFEE POTS, AND OTHER
COVERED VESSELS FOR ANALAGOUS PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to improvements in that class of vessels which are fitted
with a moveable or detachable cover, such as tea and coffee pots, jugs, or other
vessels, which may be made in earthenware of every kind in commerce known as
porcelain, parian, terra-cotta, or stone ware, and also in glass and metal, my
chief object being to arrange and secure the said covers in a simple and efficacious
manner.
The lid or cover finds its bearing upon the verge or ledge in the interior of the
tea-pot or other vessel; by my improvements I dispense with about one third more
or less of the circumference of the said verge or ledge at the back or handle part,
but immediately above the same I arrange one or more projections, which prevents
the lid or cover from falling off when in manipulation; a backward movement opens
or releases the same.
By another mode, but still dispensing with a section of the verge or ledge, I
arrange a moveable or detachable cover by means of pins connected to and projecting
beyond the periphery of the said cover; these pins find their bearing in slots
obliquely arranged in the rim of the vessel, or one slot and one bole would suffice;
the opening is effected as above described; this I may designate as hingeing or
jointing.
APPLICABLE TO FLOORS AND CEILINGS TO RENDER THE SAME FIRE PROOF
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Largan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1880.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
JAMES LARGAN, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster.
APPLICABLE TO FLOORS AND CEILINGS TO RENDER THE SAME FIRE PROOF."
As applied to ceilings this Invention consists in suspending a sheet iron casing
from the joists of the ceiling by hooks or links formed of angular or square iron
bent diagonally, and so arranged that such hooks and links only touch each other at
their angles, and so as to prosent the smallest possible surface for conduction of
heat. This casing, which may also be suspended from rods, is covered on the upper
side next the joists with a coating of plaster, coment, concreto, or other non-
conducting material.
As applied to the protection of floors this Invention consists either in coating the
ordinary boards with non-conducting material, and then nailing or otherwise
securing other flooring boards or other suitable material on the same; or the non- .
conducting material itself may form the floor, in which case I stud the boards over
with large headed studs or nails, to prevent the cement or concrete from rising or
becoming detached. A more effective fire-resisting floor in accordance with this
Invention is constructed of, first, a layer of non-conducting material placed upon the
ordinary flooring boards, and upon which is laid a series of sharp angular cast iron
grids or gratings, which in their turn form the support for another layer of non-
conducting material, which constitutes the floor proper, or the same may be covered
with boards, tiles, or other suitable flooring material.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF CLOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Victor Ludwig Alexander Blumberg
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1880.
VICTOR LUDWIG ALEXANDER BLUMBERG, of the Firm of Blumberg and Company,
of No. 2, Cannon Street, in the City of London. "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
ORNAMENTATION OF CLOCKS."
My Invention relates particularly to the ornamentation of clocks for the
drawing room, dining room, or other apartment, and consists of a means whereby
the ornamentation of such clock may be easily and economically made to
correspond with the hangings, papier, furniture, and general upholstery, and
decoration of the apartment for which it is intended.
The object above set forth could not be readily attained by any of the
modes of ornamentation hitherto practised, such as inlaying the front and sides of
the clock with plaques of porcelain of various designs, the execution of which is
very costly and the variety of colour and design comparatively limited; or with
plates of metal, or of wood, cut to a variety of patterns, but offering little variety
of color.
I propose to substitute for such ornamentations, or to use in combination
therewith, an inlaying or embossing with textile fabrics such as plush, velvets,
brocades, satins, and other woven fabrics, the patterns and colours of which afford
an infinite variety, and will permit the dealer to hold at a comparatively small cost
a stock of clocks sufficiently diverse in color and design of decoration to match
with the upholstery of any apartment.
I do not propose to apply textile fabrics only where plaques have hitherto been
inserted, or other ornamentations have been applied, but I may also cover the
whole or part of the dial plate with a textile fabric, the indications of time being
either upon the plate or upon the textile fabric, and I may if desired cover the
entire case with a textile fabric or combinations of such fabrics.
I propose to apply my Invention to gilt, ormolu, bronze, zinc, marble, and other
clocks, and particularly to the ornamentation of the openworked or carved
wooden clocks now very generally used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Weight and Martin Weight
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1880.
ALFRED WEIGHT and MARTIN WEIGHT, both of Reading, in tho County of
Berkshire, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES."
This Invention relates to an improved system of levers for the purpose of giving
motion by manual power (either by hand or foot) the driving wheel or wheels of
such vehicles, as described above.
According to our improved arrangement of levers we are enabled to use a large
crank throw, while at the same time keeping the motion of the treadles or handles
within convenient limits. Our arrangement also enables the rider to exercise
maximum of power at the point where it is most required.
The novelty of our Invention consists in the device by which we connect the
ordinary treadle lever or handle with with the crank or cranked axle.
Assuming that the treadle lever or handle be so arranged as to have its fulcrum
at the opposite end to that to which the foot or hand is applied, this fulcrum pin
being fixed to the frame or backbone of the machine, the pin to transmit the
power being situated at a point between but nearer the fulcrum than the foot or
hand. To this pin we connect the shorter arm of a bell-crank lever (of iron or
other metal) of a peculiar form constructed so as best to suit the relative positions
of crank and treadle lever or handle. To the longer arm of the said bell-crank
lever we attach by means of a pin or otherwise a connecting rod, the other end of
which is connected to the crank or cranked axle of the machine. The fulcrum pin
for this bell-crank lever is rigidly fixed to the frame-work of the tricycle or other
velocipedes, and the lever not only turns upon the pin but has a sliding motion
upon it, which is caused by the are described by the pin in the treadle or hand
lever to which the shorter arm of the bell crank lever is connected. This sliding
motion is allowed for by a slot in the latter lever. To prevent undue wear we
prefer to fit a slide block into the aforesaid slot, this block having a hole in it to
suit the fixed fulcrum pin.
AN IMPROVED MANU- FACTURE OF GAUNTLET GLOVE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Francis Wanner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July 1880.
JAMES FRANCIS WANNER, of Mortimor Street, lato Charles Street, Middlesex
Hospital, in the County of Middlesex, Embroiderer. "AN IMPROVED MANU-
FACTURE OF GAUNTLET GLOVE."
This Invention relates mainly to the manufacturo of gloves for ladies' wear, and
it is designed not only to follow the existing fashion of covering the wrist by the
glove, but also of affording extra warmth to the wrist, and adding to the adorn-
inent of the wearer of the improved gauntlet glove.
To this end the glove, whether made of pale kid or other material, according to
the requirements of the wearer, has attached to it an open cuff or wrist-band made
of some richer fabric, for example, satin or velvet, worked with embroidery, and
furnished with rows of eyelet holes near its adjacent edges to receive a lacing cord
or ribbon. This cuff is connected permanently to the glove by sewing, and will be
made of such material and in such a color as to harmonise with or form a pleasing
contrast to the glove itself. The cuff I propose to line with silk throughout its
length, and to insert the wrist edge of the glove between the fabrics composing the
cuff. To add richness to the cuff I propose to embroider it after the manner
described in the Specification of my Patent bearing date September 24th, 1868,
No. 2938, and the lacing cord will be ornamented with tassels. At the junction
of the cuff with the glove I may apply a frilling of laco, and I propose also to
finish the cuff by the addition of a similar frilling at the other end thereof.
For winter wear the gauntlet glove may be formed with an open cuff of sable or
other skin, laced up as above explained.
I also propose in some cases to form the gauntlet glove with an open cuff of
lace, in which rows of eyelets are worked for the reception of a ribbon or lacing
cord.
The Invention, it will be understood, applies not only to dress and fancy gloves,
but to gloves for ordinary wear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM AND OTHER COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Charles Etchells at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1880.
JOHN CHARLES ETCHELLS, of Newton Heath, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM AND OTHER COCKS OR VALVES."
This Invention has for its object the construction of a cock or valve, the working
parts or frictional surfaces of which are arranged to expand and contract equally,
and thus obviato the tendency to jamb fast when heated, which has hitherto proved
so objectionable, especially in mud cocks. Now this Invention consists in arranging
an annular or hollow tapered socket, rising up insido the cock or valve body nearly
to the top, and on the outside or inside of which the corresponding tapered plug
or valve is mounted for opening and closing the necessary orifices by means of tho
usual spindles; this socket is entirely surrounded by a jacket or passage, through
which the steam or other fluid or liquid is capable of passing from the inlet side,
and finds its way through corresponding openings formed in the socket and plug or
valve into the inside of tho said socket, and from thence through a suitable passage
communicating with the open bottom of the said socket with the outlet side of the
cock or valve body, or vice-versa; this construction giving the advantages and
obviating the objections herein before mentioned.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE AIR TIGHT VESSEL OR RECEPTACLE FOR THE INOFFENSIVE REMOVAL OF NIGHT SOIL OR OTHER PUTRID MATTERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest de Pass at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th March 1880. A communication from
abroad by Tiberias Benjamin Kisch, of Cape Town, Cape Colony.
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for Patents, 68, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent. "A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE AIR TIGHT VESSEL OR
RECEPTACLE FOR THE INOFFENSIVE REMOVAL OF NIGHT SOIL OR OTHER PUTRID
MATTERS." A communication from abroad by Tiberias Benjamin Kisch, of Cape
Town, Cape Colony.
This Invention relates to a new or improved portable air tight vessel or receptacle
for the inoffensive removal of night soil or other putrid matters.
The said vessel or receptacle is composed of two parts or pieces, one being a
hollow cylindrical chamber or casing, the other a cylindrical flanged cover or lid
for said chamber. Within the cylindrical chamber a second, but smaller, cylindrical
chamber is fitted, and is destined to receive the pail, tub, cask, or other vessel
containing the night soil or other refuse to be removed.
The space left between the walls of the outer and inner chambers forms a well,
into which water or other suitable liquid is placed. The outer and larger chamber
is furnished with handles to facilitate the ready removal of the entire vessel or
receptacle..
The cylindrical cover or lid is open at its lower end and closed at its upper,
which forms the top, and when fitted in place the cylindrical portion dips into the
liquid contained within the well, and extends to nearly the bottom of the outer
chamber, its flange resting on a ledge formed at the upper portion of the interior of
said outer chamber. This cover or lid is provided at top with a stop cock for the
exhaustion and re-admission of the air. Handles facilitate the removal of said
cover or lid.
After the tub or other recipient containing the night soil or other refuse has
been placed within the inner cylindrical chamber the cover or lid is fitted on, and
as it descends into the water well it drives out the air through the stop cock, which
is then closed. The air can, if required, be more completely exhausted through
the stop cock by connecting the same with an air pump.
The tub with its refuse
_is_thus contained within-an air-tight-closed vessel or receptacle, and-can-be removed
without causing any unpleasant or inoffensive odour, and without permitting the
escape of noxious effluvia. On arriving at a convenient place the air is re-admitted
through the stop cock, the cover or lid taken off, and the contents of the cylinder
removed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL CASTORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Edgar Mawdsley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd Juno 1880. A communi-
cation from abroad by Lewis Augustus Aspinwall, of Albany, in the State of
New York, in the United States of America.
CHARLES EDGAR MAWDSLEY, of Southport, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL CASTORS." (A communication from
abroad by Lewis Augustus Aspinwall, of Albany, in the State of New York, in the
United States of America.)
According to this Invention the principle of the so called universal joint is applied
to ball castors, all as herein after described. I make the ball in halves or parts
united by a pin screw or screws, by preference rivetted at the end or ends. The
axis so formed turns in a swivel piece having its bearings in a cup or bracket or
arms, which are formed with socket or flange or other means of fastening to the
chair or other piece of furniture. The two halves of the ball may revolve together
or independently of each other. The centre of the ball may be a little out of the
centre of the fastening flange or socket for the purpose of obviating what may be
called the dead centre.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Whitley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1880.
THOMAS WHITLEY, of Halifax, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING WOOL, COTTON,
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates,-
Firstly. To the method of driving the spindles of machinery employed in spinning,
twisting, doubling, and winding wool and other fibres, and the improvements consist
in having a screw or worm on each spindle, rotary motion being given thereto
by means of wheels, by which means the driving bands at present employed are
dispensed with.
Secondly. The Invention relates to the drag or friction which is now upon the
thread between the front rollers and spindle, and the improvements consist in
placing the spindles in an oblique position, forming such an angle to the nip of the
front rollers that the thread in passing to the spindles does not bear upon
the guide eyes with that amount of friction as at present, thereby lessening the
friction.
IMPROVED APPLIANCE APPLICABLE TO TENNIS RACKETS FOR SCORING OR MARKING THE GAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Heinrich at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th December 1880.
FREDERICK HEINRICH, of Thid Villa, Wimbledon, in the County of Surrey.
"IMPROVED APPLIANCE APPLICABLE TO TENNIS RACKETS FOR SCORING OR
MARKING THE GAME."
This Invention relates to improvements connected with tennis rackets, and
consists in fitting a scoring or marking plate in the stem or handle proper and
just above that portion of the handle which is grasped by the hand in the act of
playing.
The marking plate is formed preferably of bone or ivory, and is provided with
vertical slots or grooves preferably four in number. The slots are divided by
horizontal lines, between which are arranged the numbers and letters by which the
scores are registered. Each of the vertical slots is provided with a sliding pointer
for that purpose, and two of them have the scoring numbers and letters in one
color, say black, and the other two have them in another color, say red, so that a
player can register his own scoring and his opponent's also.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF DECORATING AND ORNAMENTING PERFORATED SHEETS OF METAL AND WIRE GAUZE, AND OF PRODUCING DESIGNS, LETTERS, AND FIGURES UPON THE SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Henry Rees at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1880.
THOMAS HENRY REES, of 196, Westminster Bridge Road, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF DECORATING AND ORNAMENTING
PERFORATED SHEETS OF METAL AND WIRE GAUZE, AND OF PRODUCING DESIGNS,
LETTERS, AND FIGURES UPON THE SAME."
My Invention relates to an improved method of decorating and ornamenting
perforated sheets of metal and wire gauze, and of producing designs, letters, and
figures upon the same, for the purpose of being manufactured into wire blinds,
meat safes, fire guards, &c., &c. The sheets of perforated metal or wire gauze being
perfectly cleaned are painted or varnished by a roller or series of rollers travelling
over the surface. The painted or varnished sheets are dried in ovens or hot rooms,
and the designs, patterns, or letters required are impressed on the surface by
lithographic or zincographic printing, with alterations in the machines, designs,
inks, &c., to adapt it to this kind of work. The sheets decorated by printing as
here described are dried by stoving again, and the surface is finished by varnishing
with a roller or rollers again, and repeating the process of drying. One or both
sides of the metal or wire gauze can be decorated, as above described. By this
process of putting on the colours and varnishes with rollers, and the designs and
lettering by printing, the holes in the perforated metal, and the meshes in the wire
gauze are not filled up at all, and the transparency is not impaired; neither does
the pattern show through the metal, but it appears upon the surface only, and a
different design or lettering may be impressed upon each side without the one
interfering or confusing the other.
PROTECTING TROUSERS AGAINST WEAR AND DIRT."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mason Loeb at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1880.
MASON LOEB, of the City of London.
PROTECTING TROUSERS AGAINST WEAR AND DIRT."
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR
The object of this Invention is to protect the lower part and bottom seam of
trousers legs from undue wear by, as it frequently happens, their coming under or
against the lower part of the heel of the boot, and to protect the said lower part of
the trousers legs from getting soiled or wet in dirty or wet weather.
For this purpose I attix a spur like appliance to the back of the heel of the boot
or shoe, and I form it with a projection or projections for the back part of the
trousers leg to rest on, so as to keep it clear of and well above the bottom of
the heel. The appliance may be made of spring steel or other elastic material or
materials to clip the sides of the back part of the boot or shoe, and with a small
pointed peg or part for nipping the back part of the boot; also with a leather or
other pad at each end or side.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VICES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Wilhelm Onfermann at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1880.
FRIEDRICH WILHELM ONFERMANN, of Steherberg, near Voerde, Prussia, in the
Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VICES.”
This Invention relates to improvements in vices for smiths and other work, and
is carried into practice as follows, that is to say,-
The movable cheek of the vice is provided with a rack with which a pinion is
geared. The latter is situated between side bars, which turn on bolts or pivots
secured in the fixed jaw. A vertical spindle passes through the upper end of the
said side bars, and its lower extremity enters a nut placed between a pair of arms
secured to the lower part of the vice, the said nut being arranged to turn on pivots
supported in the arms. The said spindle has a short handle at its upper end.
When the said vertical spindle is moved downwards through the nut by means of
its handle, the said side bars assume a more or less inclined position and move the
pinion down the rack, whereby the vice is opened by the pressure of a spring
between the jaws.
By the opposite movement of the spindle the vice is closed by the pressure of
the pinion as it moves over the upper part of the said rack.
The advantages of this improved vice are as follows, namely,—
Greater durability, as the cheeks are not weakened by a spindle passing through
them; increased firmness of grip, because a considerably greater pressure can be
exerted by the combination of the spindle pinion and rack than by an ordinary
vice. A wider opening of the jaws or checks for taking very largo pieces, because
when the vico is opened, the spindle does not block the opening. Quicker opening
and closing by reason of the convenient position and sizo of the handle of the
vertical spindle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR GLAZING OR CALENDERING MACHINES, AND IN THE METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hermann Charles Gros at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1880. A communication
from abroad by Heinrich Schlatter, of Reutlingen, in the Empire of Germany,
Engineer.
HERMANN CHARLES GROS, of 14, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR GLAZING OR CALENDERING
MACHINES, AND IN THE METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME." A communication from
abroad by Heinrich Schlatter, of Reutlingen, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer.
This Invention relates to improvements in what are known as the "soft" rollers
employed in glazing or calendering machines, & to an improved mode or method of
making such rollers, & consists essentially in making the said soft rollers from
paper pulp direct in lieu of from paper itself in its manufactured state as heretofore.
According to one mode of carrying out the said Invention a metal shaft or spindle
forming the axle of the roller is placed vertically, or otherwise, in the centre of a
surrounding perforated cylinder or mould, which by preference is made in two or
more parts divided longitudinally, & secured together by bolts or otherwise. The
paper pulp is poured into the space between the central axle & the surrounding
cylinder, & is compressed longitudinally by an annular pressing plate or block
actuated in any suitable manner, so as to impart the requisite degree of compression
to the pulp. The water & other fluid matters escape from the pulp through the
perforations in the cylinder, & when the pulp has been fully compressed and
dryed the cylinder is removed, & the pulp roller thus formed is turned or finished
in a lathe, as is well understood. By this mode of manufacture the cost of the
roller is greatly reduced, whilst & the same time the surface is found to possess
that amount of softness combined with elasticity which is so essential in rollers of
this description.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHADES FOR GAS AND OTHER LAMPS AND IN THE GALLERIES FOR SUPPORTING THE SAME
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry William Sambidge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1880.
HENRY WILLIAM SAMBIDGE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHADES FOR GAS AND OTHER LAMPS AND IN
THE GALLERIES FOR SUPPORTING THE SAME."
The object of this Invention is to apply to lamps of all descriptions glass shades
to the light, with 4, 5, 6, 8, or more flat sides carried upon galleries, instead of the
globes now ordinarily in use. One way in which I effect this is to form the metal
gallery which screws upon the nose piece of the lamp, and through which the
burner passes, of an outline corresponding with the number of sides upon the shade,
such, for instance, as square, hexagonal, or octagonal, and to fix a frame of metal
upon the gallery with ribs or upright sidepieces rising from each of the angles of
the gallery. Sheets of glass, talc, or other transparent substance of any desired
colour, or bearing upon them any desired design, are slid into each of the slides of
the frame, pegs or projections upon the gallery keeping these sheets in place at the
bottom, and small clips attached to the upper rail of the frame holding them at the
top. By this arrangement each shade being formed of a variety of coloured glasses
or other transparencies, an artistic appearance will be obtained and a tone given to
the light agreeable to the eye sight.
Another way of forming the shades is to dispense with the metal frame and form
the shades entirely of glass, of such outlines as before herein named, carried upon
galleries of the same outline as the shades, the galleries having upon each side or
at the angles pegs or projections, with or without screws, over which the shades fit
and are thereby kept in position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ICED AIR INHALATORS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Brierley, of Halifax, in the County of York, and
Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ICED AIR INHALATORS." A communication from abroad
by Lewis Stackfleth, of Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Brierley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th September 1880.
»
WALTER BRIERLEY, of Halifax, in the County of York, and Blackburn, in the
County of Lancaster, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ICED AIR INHALATORS.
A communication from abroad by Lewis Stackfleth, of Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany.
This Invention relates to inhalators, and more particularly to such by which the
cooling of the air is employed for sanitary use.
According to this Invention concentric cylinders closed at each end, the inner
one having a perforated false bottom separating the cylinder in two divisions of
different size; in the upper one alternative layers of ice and salt are put in ; the
other or lower one serves to receive the water of the melting ice, and is provided
for this purpose with an outlet pipe which may be closed by a stopper or valve.
To put in ice and salt, in the upper cover is an opening which may be closed by
a perforated washer and cover; between both cotton can be applied so as to form a
filter for the atmospheric air entering the apparatus.
From the centre of the perforated false bottom extends through the
upper division
a pipe, on which, outside the apparatus, is applied a rubber hose with bit which
forms the connection with the mouth of the patient.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF GLAZING, CALENDERING, AND FINISHING COTTON GOODS HAVING A DESIGN OR PATTERN IN RELIEF
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest de Pass at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1880. A communication from
abroad by La Société Hinaut et Compagnie, of 1, Boulevart Saint-Denis,
Paris, France.
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF GLAZING,
CALENDERING, AND FINISHING COTTON GOODS HAVING A DESIGN OR PATTERN IN
RELIEF." A communication from abroad by La Société Hinaut ot Compagnie, of
1, Boulevart Saint-Denis, Paris, France.
This Invention relates to an improved process of glazing and calendering cotton
goods having a design or pattern in relief.
This process combines the following advantages:-It gives to the fabric, such as
piqués having raised patterns or designs in relief, the brilliant finish of satin
without destroying the relief of such design.
The processes heretofore employed consist in first giving the relief and then
effecting the glazing, but to the detriment of the relief, these processes thus give
unsatisfactory results both as regards smoothness and relief.
Now this improved process consists,―
1. In finishing and drying the fabric in the usual manner.
2. In thoroughly calendering it by the ordinary process with or without friction
so as to give it a very great brilliancy or gloss, and without paying any attention
to the crushing or flattening of the design.
3. In restoring the relief removed by the preceding operation by breaking the
fabric dry and glazed by means of any kind of breaking machine.
This process gives highly satisfactory results, and while allowing the pattern on
the fabric to stand out in relief, it makes them extremely smooth and soft to the
touch, and gives them and elegant appearance, these results being extremely
desirable.
In this process by not having to pay special attention to the relief of the pattern
or design, there is no limit to the degree of softness that may be given to the fabric.
This process also applies to fabrics which do not require glazing; in this case the
finished fabric is subjected to a thorough calendering by any suitable means, but
one which will not impart any brilliancy; then the fabric is broken or crushed in
the manner before mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, OR SUNSHADES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julius Nussbaum at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1880.
JULIUS NUSSBAUM, of 237, Rue St. Martin, Paris, in the Republic of France.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, OR SUNSHADES."
The object of my Invention is to provide improved means whereby umbrellas,
parasols, or sunshades may be made to open automatically.
For this purpose I construct the unbrella or parasol with a tube of suitable
material in place of a stick. Into this tube I insert an india rubber spring, one end
of which is attached in any suitable manner to the ferrule at the end of the tube;
to the other end of the spring I attach a bolt which runs easily inside the tube, and
is secured to the runner by means of a pin which passes through a slot in the tube,
in which it slides freely.
When the umbrella or parasol is closed the bolt at the end of the spring is
retained by means of a suitable catch fixed in or to the handle. When it is desired
to open the umbrella or parasol this catch is disengaged by pressing on a button, or
by any suitable contrivance for that purpose, and the contraction of the india
rubber spring forces up the runner and opens the umbrella or parasol.
I fix the notch for the ribs on to the tube by means of a screw.
In case the spring should break I provide suitable means for retaining the
umbrella or parasol open without the aid of the spring.
In some cases I construct the umbrella or parasol in such a manner that when
closed the spring is retained by sliding an ordinary tip cap which is secured to the
runner over the ends or tips of the ribs.
AN IMPROVED BEDDING FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Gaussen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1880.
DAVID GAUSSEN, of Broughton Hall, Lechlade, in the County of Gloucester,
Esquire. "AN IMPROVED BEDDING FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS."
My Invention relates to an improved bed for horses and other animals to be
used in lieu of the straw litter ordinarily employed, to which it is superior in
dryness, cleanliness, and economy.
My Invention consists of an elastic bed constructed either wholly of indiarubber
or other durable elastic non-absorbent material, such as linoleum, kamptulicon, and
the like, or partly of one of those materials and partly of coir or other rope mats,
as hereafter described. The bed consists preferably of an indiarubber mat or mats
covering the whole width of the floor of the stall at the front or lower end and for
a short distance from front to back, a narrower portion of the mat extending down
the centre of the stall for about two-thirds its length, and to within about a foot
of the sides, so as to cover that part of the floor on which the animal would lie and
on which urine or dung would be deposited, the remainder of the floor at either
side of this central portion and at the head of the stall being covered with open
work mats of cocoa nut or other fibre.
.
The bed is constructed of vulcanised india rubber or other suitable material, as
above mentioned, corrugated on both sides to give greater elasticity and carry off
the urine, the corrugations converging or leading to a central opening or openings
situated over the usual gutter or drain, towards which the floor, and consequently
the bed, slopes in the usual way. The portion of the bed covering the centre of the
floor would be perforated or constructed according to any suitable open pattern as
well as corrugated, that to the rear of the animals' standing position, and upon which
dung would fall, being unperforated to enable the dung to be more readily removed.
For a loose box the india rubber bed would be square or rectangular, and be
divided diagonally or otherwise into four or more pieces, fluted or corrugated to
form channels leading to openings or grooves along the diagonal lines which
converge to the drain at the middle of the floor. The central portion of the bed is
perforated as well as corrugated. The indiarubber bed may cover the entire floor
or be surrounded on all sides by a border of matting.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED TO STRAIGHTEN [A YOUNG TREES WHICH MAY HAVE BECOME DEFORMED IN THEIR GROWTH
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Gearing Grant at the Office of
A communication
from abroad by Alfred Peltier, of Rouen, in the Republic of France, Builder.
HUGH GEARING GRANT, of the Firm of Messrs. Bosshardt & Grant, of 24, Bull's
Head, Exchange Chambers, Market Place, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Patent Agents.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED TO STRAIGHTEN
[A
YOUNG TREES WHICH MAY HAVE BECOME DEFORMED IN THEIR GROWTH."
communication from abroad by Alfred Peltier, of Rouen, in the Republic of
France, Builder.]
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1880.
The Invention relates to improved apparatus to be employed to straighten young
trees that may have become deformed in their growth. The apparatus I employ
for this purpose consists of two metal rods forming a frame, the upper ends of the
said rods are connected by means of a cross-bar through which is passed a screwed
spindle being connected with a lead block on its lower end, and which block is
caused to move up and down between the said metal rods by means of the screwed
spindle and hand wheel connected therewith. A second cross-bar on the lower
ends of the said rods carries a second lead block, which is stationary thereon.
When operating with apparatus upon a deformed tree, that part of the tree to be
made straight is interposed between the two metal blocks, which are preferably
made of a concave form on their faces, and a jamb of any suitable metal laid
alongside the tree for a suitable distance according to the length of the part of the
tree to be straightened. This operation completed, the hand wheel is turned a
suitable number of times, which brings the two concave metal blocks nearer to each
other, whereby the interposed tree is straightened out. Various modifications may
be made in the construction of the apparatus for the indicated purpose.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPLIANCES FOR DISPLAYING ADVERTISEMENTS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1880. A communi-
cation from abroad by Jean Mathurin Paillard, of Nantes, in the Republic of
France.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPLIANCES FOR DISPLAYING
ADVERTISEMENTS." A communication from abroad by Jean Mathurin Paillard, of
Nantes, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to an advertising medium for buyers, which is intended
to give publicity to merchants, traders, shop keepers, and others engaged in trade
and occupying the first rank in their respective departments, and it consists of an
apparatus forming two albums, one of which, hereinafter termed the open guide, is
intended to be exhibited on the walls of public establishments, whilst the other,
hereinafter termed the closed guide, is in the form of a book, and is intended to
be deposited on tables in the said establishments, and in places of business
belonging to the advertisers.
In carrying out this Invention, the open guide, which is exhibited as herein before
described in hotels, cafés, restaurants, and clubs, is constructed in the following
manner, vi:—
Two pieces of mill board forming two leaves strongly connected together
constitute the cover or framework, which is provided with several bands or strips
of cloth for retaining certain sheets of paper forming pages for the purposes
hereinafter described, and two eye-let holes are provided at the top and at the
middle of each leaf for the purpose of suspending the guide to the walls of public
establishments. Two clips or holders attached to the eyelet holes by string are
provided for holding the paper sheets or pages open, by clipping the said sheets to
each side or leaf of the cover of the guide in such a manner that the sheets are
retained in a vertical position, and are stretched out or extended in the same
manner as a bill or poster. In order to turn over the sheets, the clips are removed
in the first place, and subsequently replaced in position.
The construction and internal arrangement of the apparatus forming the other
album or closed guide is precisely similar to that of the one herein before described,
but in lieu of its being provided with eyelets and clips, and being suspended
against a wall, it is intended to be deposited upon tables in hotels, cafès, restaurants,
and clubs, being in the form of a book.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DRIVING BELTS OR BANDS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th July 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF DRIVING BELTS OR BANDS." A communication from abroad by Rudolph
Müller, of Kiew, in the Empire of Russia.
The said improvements relate to the manufacture of metal driving belts or bands,
and consist chiefly in the employment in such manufacture of a peculiar weft which
bas such an effect that the driving-bolts will neither stretch or slip on the pulleys
on which they run when in use.
The warp of the belt consists of steel-wire, either round, oval, square, or of any
desired section, while the weft threads consist of thin wire rope made of fine twisted
iron wires.
The above described weft is worked into the belt in such a manner that it only
encloses one of the warps at each side or edge of the belt, while the remaining
portion takes hold of or encloses two warps.
The weft made of fine twisted iron-wire as above described, by being woven in
this manner is distributed on the surface of the belt in such a way that the latter
cannot slip. And I further provide against the slipping of the belt by coating the
metal with gutta-percha, india-rubber, or varnish, whereby the adhesion of the
belt to the pulley is considerably increased.