Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 1st Sept., 1891-Accepted, 3rd Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
I, LOUIS ALFRED PHILIPPE, of 15 Rue Condorcet, Paris, in the Republic
of France, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
My invention relates to a filtering apparatus having either simple or multiple
pockets. It is characterized by the mode of fixing these pockets, by the interior
arrangement of the latter which enables their sides to be kept at a distance from
each other, and also by a device for enabling these filters to be emptied without
turning over the apparatus.
For rendering this invention understood I have represented it in the accompanying
drawing, but only by way of example.
In this drawing
Figure 1 represents a transverse section of the apparatus having simple pockets.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 shows a sectional elevation of the same apparatus, the pockets being
seen from the front.
Figure 4 shows to an enlarged scale the mode of fixing simple pockets.
Figure 5 represents the mode of fixing double pockets.
Figure 6 represents the device for fixing simple pockets, applied to an apparatus
having double pockets.
Figure 7 shows a device designed for the discharge of the filtered liquid.
As shown in the drawing the apparatus comprises a receptacle a of cast iron or
any other suitable material at the upper part of which I arrange a horizontal
partition or false bottom 6 to which filtering pockets c are secured.
These pockets are made of any suitable fabric usually employed for this
purpose, and present in transverse section the form of a rectangle having rounded
corners as shown in Figure 2, or they may be of a cylindrical or other appropriate
form.
In order that the sides of these pockets shall not be forced against each other
by the pressure in the receptacle I provide them interiorly with a frame formed of
a series of bars d which are arranged at suitable distances apart and connected
above and below by a cross-piece upon which they are fixed by any desired means.
This arrangement can be replaced by any open worked surface.
The pockets provided with a frame are arranged at the upper extremity in
openings formed in the false bottom, and their upper part turned over and
attached to hooks or pins is held by a bridge piece y which forms the joint and
upon which hook bolts or the like are caused to press.
In the arrangement having a double pocket represented in Figure 5 the central
pocket jis provided with a frame d like the one hereinbefore described and the
surrounding pocket k also receives an interior frame as shown in Figure 5.
When it is necessary to transform the double pocket into a simple pocket I
place in the opening for the pocket, a plug m for diminishing the diameter of the
same and the simple pocket is then also retained by a bridge piece g upon which
the hook bolts h are caused to press. The same remarks apply to this as well as
to the preceding arrangement.
In all the above described arrangements the liquid to be filtered arrives under
pressure in the receptacle through the lower pipe n (Figure 1) passes through the
pockets, rises in the latter, flows through the openings o pierced in the bridge

page_text: piece 9, is distributed in the channel p of the false bottom and finally escapes
through the discharge pipe q (Figure 1) arranged at the level of the said channel.
The discharge pipe can be replaced by the modification represented in Figure 7,
which comprises a tube r fixed upon the bridge piece g in any desired manner, and
arranged to conduct the liquid to any distance either to a receptacles or to a
cistern or the like.
It will be understood that I can employ any number of pockets so as to
multiply the filtering surfaces by using the device represented in Figure 5.
I may also form the sides of the frame d of a filtering material, such as charcoal
or any suitable
porous material.
Figure 8 represents partly in elevation and partly in section a modified arrange-
ment of a filtering apparatus which acts by pressure.
Figure 9 gives a section of the same taken on a plane at a right angle to that of
the preceding figure.
Figure 10 represents a sectional plan corresponding to Figure 9.
As shown, the apparatus comprises a receptacle a of metal, for instance cast
iron, at the upper part of which is arranged a horizontal partition or false bottom b.
This false bottom provided with rectangular openings or slots c arranged close
to one another in such a manner as to permit the passage of the pockets d. These
pockets may be all of one piece or made separate.
On the top of the apparatus is a cover e provided interiorly with ribs f' corre-
sponding to the full parts of the false bottom and designed to press the upper ends
of each pocket. This cover is mounted upon hinges and can be strongly pressed
upon the receptacle by means of bolts. Each rib, is pierced transversely with a
hole g so as to set the pockets in communication with each other and conduct the
filtered liquid into a common collector or discharge channel.
Each pocket is interiorly sustained by a metallic trellis or other frame h which
prevents the flattening of the same under the exterior pressure and the liquid.
It is evident that the pockets may be either separate or all connected with each
other. In the first case their upper ends are turned over all around the orifice in
which they are placed, as for example in the figures of the drawing, and are
pressed between the ribs of the cover and the full parts of the false bottom
represented in Figure 8. In the second case these pockets are formed, as it were
of a single piece which is placed the receptacle by introducing a pocket into each
opening provided in the false bottom, the parts between the pockets resting upon
the full part of the false bottom, as shown in Figure 8.
The object of this arrangement of the false bottom is to obviate the deformation
of the upper part of the filter under the action of the pressure, which result
cannot be obtained with pockets suspended from a horizontal piece maintained in
place only by its four sides.
A circulation of iced water or hot water may take place around the metallic
receptacle.
I may also fix the filtering pockets by means of a head or small collar of india-
rubber or other material as hereinafter set forth. This head is represented in the
accompanying drawing in which
Figure 11 shows the filtering-pocket with the aforesaid head in transverse
section.
Figure 12 is a longitudinal section, and
Figure 13 a plan of the same.
In this arrangement the sides of each filtering pocket are at the orifice of the
latter preferably sewn to a piece P, termed pocket head, the edges of which bear
upon the upper plate of the filter, in order that these edges held by the cover or
bridge piece g shall form a tight joint.
This mode of fixation obviates the turning over of the edges of each filtering
pocket or the manufacture of these pockets with parts turned over and it presents
the advantage of dispensing with the hooks which support the pockets in the
arrangements above described.

page_text: Thus a better guarantee of the tightness of the joint is obtained, the manu-
facture of the pockets is simplified and their mounting and removal, when it is
necessary, is rendered easier.
It is obvious that the dimensions and forms of the piece P depend upon those
of the filtering pockets. When this piece is designed for flat pockets, and it is
expedient to make it of india rubber, I arrange it as shown in Figures 11, 12
and 13. It has the form of a small collar or angle iron, and in the interior of the
latter is provided an ordinary or metallic fabric the part a, b, of which is not
coated with india-rubber and is designed to be sewn or otherwise. fixed to the
filtering pocket F.
To prevent the horizontal part of the collar from straightening out under the.
weight of the pocket and its contents I provide the head interiorly with a certain
number of tappets M which, bearing one against the other in the transverse
direction of the orifice of the filtering pocket form stays and thus prevent any
deformation of the said collar.
It is clear that according to exigencies and the forms and dimensions of the
filtering pockets I may make the heads P wholly or in part of other material than
india rubber for example leather, metallic or ordinary fabric or any material
suitable for the purpose.
I may also employ a special device for enabling the withdrawal from the
apparatus of all the liquid to be filtered. This device is such that the liquid is
caused to pass through the filtering material either by pressure or suction, for
obviating the need for turning over the filtering apparatus adapting it to pivot
upon a horizontal axis.
This device is represented in longitudinal section Figure 14, and in transverse
section Figure 15.
As illustrated in these figures the filtering pocket is placed in a compartment
formed by a partition c or by a sheath H each of which is in communication, with
the rest of the receptacle or vessel of the filtering apparatus only at its lower
part.
The figures also show that, as the inner width of the sheath or of the
compartment is greater than the breadth or diameter of the pocket, it will be
easy, either by suction, siphon-action, or by steam or gas pressure to effect the
discharge in the filtered condition of all the liquid contained in the filtering
apparatus.
This device which has been described for a single pocket can as well be applied
to several pockets.
In the figures showing this device the discharge of the liquid is caused by a
siphon, but it may be achieved by any other means as above stated.
Dated this 10th day of January 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filtering Apparatus.
I, LOUIS ALFRed Philippe, of 15 Rue Condorcet, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained.in
and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to filtering apparatus having either simple or multiple
pockets. It is characterized by the mode of fixing these pockets, by the interior
arrangement of the latter which enables their sides to be kept at a distance from
each other, and also by a device for enabling these filters to be emptied without
turning over the apparatus.

page_text: For the better understanding of the invention I have represented the same by
way of example in the drawing left with my Provisional Specification, and also in
the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 represents a transverse section of the apparatus having simple pockets.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 shows a sectional elevation of the same apparatus, the pockets being
seen from the front.
Figure 4 shows to an enlarged scale the mode of fixing simple pockets.
Figure 5 represents the mode of fixing double pockets.
5
Figure 6 represents the device for fixing simple pockets, applied to an apparatus I
having double pockets.
Figure 7 shows a device designed for the discharge of the filtered liquid.
Figure 8 represents partly in elevation and partly in section a modified arrange-
ment of a filtering apparatus which acts by pressure.
Figure 9 is a section of the same taken on a plane at right angles to that of the 1
preceding figure.
Figure 10 represents a sectional plan corresponding to Figure 9.
Figure 11 shows the filtering pocket with the head in transverse section.
Figure 12 is a longitudinal section.
Figure 13 a plan of the same.
Figure 14 shows a front view of a modification of the invention and
Figure 15 a vertical transverse section of the same.
Figs. 16 and 17 show a further modification of the apparatus.
As shown in the drawings the apparatus comprises a receptacle a of cast iron or
any other suitable material, at the upper part of which I arrange a horizontal
partition or false bottom to which filtering pockets c are secured.
These pockets are made of any suitable fabric usually employed for this purpose,
such as woven fabric of cotton, wool, linen or amianthus and present in transverse
section the form of a rectangle having rounded corners, as shown in Figure 2, or
they may be of a cylindrical or other appropriate form.
This
In order that the sides of these pockets shall not be forced against each other by
the pressure in the receptacle I provide them internally with a frame formed of a
series of bars d which are arranged at suitable distances apart and connected above
and below by a cross-piece upon which they are fixed by any desired means.
arrangement can be replaced by any open worked surface, as for instance by a
lattice of plates, bars, or undulating wires the edge of which is also openworked,
which increases the filtering surface by about 3 per cent.
This arrangement is shown in front view in Figure 14 and in vertical transverse
section in Figure 15.
The pockets provided with a frame are arranged at the upper extremity in
openings formed in the false bottom, and their upper parts are turned over and
attached to hooks or pins i held by a cap-piece g which forms the joint and upon
which hook bolts or the like are caused to bear.
In the arrangement having a double pocket represented in Figure 5 the central
pocket is provided with a frame d like the one hereinbefore described, and the
surrounding pocket k also receives an interior frame, as shown in Figure 5.
When it is necessary to transform the double pocket into a simple pocket I place
in the opening a plug m for diminishing the diameter of the same, and the simple
pocket is then also retained by a cap-piece upon which the hook bolts are
caused to bear. The same remarks apply to this as to the preceding arrangement.
In all the above described arrangements the liquid to be filtered arrives under
pressure in the receptacle through the lower pipe n (Figure 1), passes through the
pockets, rises in the latter, flows through the openings o pierced in the cap-piece g,
is distributed in the channel of the false bottom, and finally discharges through
the escape pipe 9 (Figure 1) arranged at the level of the said channel.
This escape pipe can be replaced by the modification represented in Figure 7,
which comprises a tuber fixed upon the cap-piece g in any desired manner, and

page_text: arranged to conduct ne quid, to any distance either to a receptacles or to a cistern'
or the like.
It will be understood that I can employ any nuniber of pockets so as to submit
the liquid to several filtrations by using the device represented in Figure 5.
As shown, the apparatus comprises a circular or rectangular receptacle a of
metal, for instance cast iron, at the upper part of which is arranged a horizontal
partition or false bottom b. This false bottom is provided with rectangular
openings or slots c arranged close to one another in such a manner as to permit the
introduction and withdrawal of the pockets d. These pockets may be made in one
piece or separate from one another.
On the top of the apparatus is a cover e provided internally with ribs f corre-
sponding to the projecting parts of the false bottom and designed to bear upon the
upper ends of each pocket. This cover is mounted upon hinges and can be made to
bear with considerable force upon the receptacle by means of bolts. Each rib fis
pierced transversely with a hole g so as to put the pockets in communication with
each other and conduct the filtered liquid into a common collector or discharge
channel.
which
Each pocket is provided internally with a removable metallic frame
prevents the flattening of the same under the exterior pressure and the liquid
mentioned with regard to the other arran ements.
It is evident that the pockets may be either separate or all connected with each
other. In the first case their upper ends are turned over all around the orifice in
which they are placed, as for example in the figures of the drawing and are pressed
between the ribs of the cover and the full parts of the false bottom represented in
Figure 8. In the second case these pockets are formed, as it were, of a single
piece which is placed in the receptacle by introducing a pocket into each opening
provided in the false bottom, the parts between the pockets resting upon the full
part of the false bottom as shown in Figure 8.
The object of this arrangement of the false bottom is to obviate the deformation
of the upper part of the filter under the action of the pressure which result cannot
be obtained with pockets suspended from a horizontal piece maintained in place
only by its four sides.
A circulation of iced water or hot water may take place around the metallic
receptacle.
I may also fix the filtering pockets by means of a head or small collar of india-
rubber or other material as hereinafter set forth. This head is represented in the
accompanying drawings (Figures 11, 12, and 13).
In this arrangement the sides of each filtering pocket are sewn at the orifice of
the latter preferably to a piece P, termed a pocket head, the edges of which bear
upon the upper plate of the filter in order that these edges gripped by the cover or
bridge piece g shall form a tight joint.
This mode of attachment obviates the turning over of the edges of each filtering
pocket or the manufacture of these pockets with parts already turned over, and it
has the advantage of dispensing with the hooks which support the pockets in the
arrangements hereinbefore described.
Thus a better guarantee of the tightness of the joint is obtained, the manufacture
of the pockets is simplified, and their mounting and removal when it is necessary is
rendered easier.
It is obvious that the dimension and form of the head of the pocket depend upon
those of the filtering pockets. When this piece designed for flat pockets, and it
is expedient to make it of indiarubber I arrange it preferably as shown in
Figures 11, 12 & 13. It takes the form of a small collar or angle iron and the
interior of the latter is provided with an ordinary or metallic fabric the part a, b of
which is not coated with indiarubber and is designed to be sewn or otherwise fixed
to the filtering pocket F.
To prevent the horizontal part of the collar from straightening out under the
weight of the pocket and its contents I provide the head internally with a certain

page_text: number of tappets M which, bearing one against the other in the transverse direction
of the orifice of the filtering pocket form stays and thus prevent any deformation
of the said collar.
It is clear that according to exigencies and the forms and dimensions of the
filtering pockets I may make the heads P wholly or in part of other material
than indiarubber for example, leather, metallic or ordinary fabric or any material
suitable for the purpose.
I may also employ as pocket head a simple band of india-rubber, leather
cord or other pliable material round which is turned and sewn the mouth of the
pocket.
I may also employ a special device for enabling the withdrawal from the
apparatus of all the liquid to be filtered. This device is such that the liquid is
caused to pass through the filtering material either by pressure or suction in order
to obviate the need for turning over the filtering apparatus or for arranging it so as
to pivot upon a horizontal axis.
This device is represented in longitudinal section in Figure 14 and in transverse
section in Figure 15.
As illustrated in these figures the filtering pocket is placed in a compartment
formed by a partition c or by a sheath H each of which is in communication with
the rest of the receptacle or vessel of the filtering apparatus only at its lower part.
The figures also show that as the inner width of the sheath or of the compart-
ment is greater than the breadth or diameter of the pocket, it will be easy, either
by suction, siphon-action, or by steam or gas pressure to effect the discharge of all
the liquid contained in the apparatus, in a filtered state.
This device which has been described for a single pocket can be applied equally
well to several pockets.
In the figures showing this device the discharge of the liquid is caused by a
syphon, but it may be achieved by any other means, as above stated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In the herein described filtering apparatus the false bottom 6 provided
with orifices, in combination with a cover or bridge having ribs, capable of clasping
the edges of the filter pockets as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1
to 10 of the drawing.
Second. The employment of independent heads P, or mountings for the openings
and the fixing of the filter pockets, capable of being also applied to all kinds of
filters; these heads being set in india-rubber in combination with sewn cloth, or
fixed in any manner on the filter pocket, or any other suitable material as above
described.
Third. The method of emptying the improved filter and its application to other
filters, consisting in placing the filter pockets in a compartment which communicates
with the rest of the receptacle or out of the filter, only from the lower end, so that
all the liquid to be filtered is sucked up or flows back in the tubes or sheaths,
passes to the filter pocket, and is finally discharged from the apparatus, as above
described and illustrated with reference to Figures 14 and 15 of the drawing.
Dated this 31st day of August 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.