A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR USE AS PAVEMENT
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Holden, of No. 6, Hanover Quay, in the
City of Dublin, Ireland, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
"
Sealed the 3rd September 1872, and dated the 8th March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Holden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th March 1872.
I, JAMES HOLDEN, of No. 6, Hanover Quay, in the City of Dublin,
Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR USE AS PAVEMENT," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of a new or improved
compound for use as pavement by the admixture of peat, turf, bog earth,
or mould, with mineral substances, such as cement, lime, siliceous,
calcareous, and granitic substances, and with tar, bitumen, or other
bituminous or resinous substances. Among the mineral substances may
be included calcined and ground ores, sulphurets of copper and iron, and
oxides of iron.

page_text: The proportions in which I prefer to employ these substances are
thirty parts by weight of the peat, turf, bog earth, or mould, with fifty
parts by weight of the mineral substances, and with twenty parts by weight
of the bituminous or resinous substances; but I do not limit myself to
these proportions as they may be varied according to the purposes to
which the compound is to be applied. The two first-named ingredients
are pulverized or ground to a finely divided state, and are then in-
corporated with the bituminous or resinous ingredients heated in a boiler
or still, and the resulting compound is then either laid down in a fluid
state or is made into blocks, forming a cheap, elastic, and peculiarly
durable waterproof paving material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HOLDEN, of No. 6, Hanover Quay, in the City of Dublin, Ireland, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Holden, Her special licence that I,
the said James Holden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said James Holden, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOUND FOR USE
AS PAVEMENT," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
James Holden, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the

page_text: same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Holden, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the manufacture of a new or improved
compound for use as pavement, by the admixture of peat, turf, bog
earth, or mould, with mineral substances, such as cement, lime, siliceous,
calcareous, and granitic substances, and with tar, bitumen, or other
bituminous or resinous substances. Among the mineral substances may
be included calcined and ground ores, sulphurets of copper and iron, and
oxides of iron.
The proportions in which I prefer to employ these substances are
thirty parts by weight of the peat, turf, bog earth, or mould, with fifty
parts by weight of the mineral substances, and with twenty parts by
weight of the bituminous or resinous substances, but I do not limit
myself to those proportions as they may be varied according to the
purposes to which the compound is to be applied. The two first-named
ingredients are pulverised or ground to a finely divided state, and are
then incorporated with the bituminous or resinous ingredients heated in
a boiler or still, and the resulting compound is then either laid down
in a fluid state or is made into blocks, forming a cheap, elastic, and
peculiarly durable waterproof paving material.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I claim the use for pavement of the
material compounded, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Holden, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
JAMES HOLDEN. (L.S.)