Improvements in Ventilators for the Escape of Foul or Heated Air from Rooms or Buildings.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 11th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators for the Escape of Foul or Heated Air
from Rooms or Buildings.
I, JOSEPH SHAW, of 12 Saint Mark's Lane Cheetham Hill, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Ventilating Engineer and General Contractor, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to ventilators for the escape of foul or heated air from
rooms or buildings and consists in improvements by which I hinder currents of
air from passing through such ventilators in a direction contrary to that in which
air is required to pass and by which I prevent or hinder any currents of air which
may pass through such ventilators in a direction contrary to that in which air is
required to pass therethrough from carrying dust or soot or other particles of
matter from or through such ventilators into the rooms or into the interiors of the
buildings in the ventilation of which such ventilators are employed, and by which
I facilitate the removal when necessary or desirable from such ventilators, of dust,
soot and other matters which may accumulate therein.
I provide each ventilator constructed according to my invention, with baffle-plates
projecting from the sides of such ventilators into the passage by which air is
intended to pass through the ventilator and direct or turn the free edges of such
baffle-plates towards the direction in which air is required to pass through the
said ventilator. In conjunction with the baffle-plates above mentioned I arrange
other baffle-plates which are placed in the central portion of the passage by which
air is intended to pass through the ventilator and are also directed or turned towards
the direction in which air is required to pass through the said ventilator. I so
arrange the baffle-plates last named that they may be readily withdrawn from the
ventilator when it is requisite to remove from the interior of such ventilator dust,
soot and other matters which may accumulate therein, and this may be readily
accomplished by securing such baffle plates to a plate or bar or plates or bars
adapted to be slidden into or placed in position in the ventilator. The baffle-
plates above mentioned will efficiently hinder currents of air from passing through
the ventilator in a direction contrary to that in which air is required to pass
through such ventilator. The baffle-plates first named or some of them are so
arranged that they may be secured in position after the other baffle-plates employed
have been placed in position and that they may be removed whenever it may be necessary
to remove the other baffle-plates used in conjunction therewith and again placed
or secured in position when the baffle-plates used in conjunction therewith have
been replaced in the ventilator. I also provide a ventilator constructed according
to my invention with a front or lid made readily removable and perforated or
otherwise formed so as to allow air to pass through it and I employ in conjunction
with such front or lid, or provide such front or lid with, a grid or filter of wire-
gauze or any other suitable material by which, in the event of temporary draughts
or currents of air passing through the ventilator in a direction contrary to that in
which it is desired that air shall pass through such ventilator, any dust or soot or
other particles of matter which may be carried in suspension by such draughts or
currents of air or may have accumulated in the interior of the ventilator, shall be
prevented or hindered from passing into the interior of the room or building in
connection with which such ventilator is employed.
Ventilators constructed according to my invention are more efficient and more
readily freed from dust, soot and other matters which may have accumulated therein
than those hitherto employed.

page_text: While ventilators constructed according to my invention are chiefly intended for
use in conjunction with chimneys or ventilating shafts of a similar character they
may also be employed in conjunction with any other devices by which currents of
air from the interiors of rooms or buildings may be promoted.
Improvements in Ventilators for the Escape of Foul or Heated Air
from Rooms or Buildings.
I, JOSEPH SHAW, of 12 Saint Mark's Lane, Cheetham Hill, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Ventilating Engineer and General Contractor, do hereby.
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to ventilators for the escape of foul or heated air from
rooms or buildings and consists in improvements by which I hinder currents of air
from passing through such ventilators in a direction contrary to that in which air
is required to pass and by which I prevent or hinder any currents of air which may
pass through such ventilators in a direction contrary to that in which air is required
to pass therethrough from carrying dust or soot or other particles of matter from
or through such ventilators into the rooms or into the interiors of the buildings in
the ventilation of which such ventilators are employed and by which I facilitate
the removal when necessary or desirable from such ventilators, of dust, soot and
other matters which may accumulate therein.
I provide each ventilator constructed according to my invention, with baffle-plates
projecting from the sides of such ventilators into the passage by which air is
intended to pass through the ventilator and direct or turn the free edges of such
baffle-plates towards the direction in which air is required to pass through the said
ventilator. In conjunction with the baffle-plates above mentioned I arrange other
baffle-plates which are placed in the central portion of the passage by which air is
intended to pass through the ventilator and are also directed or turned towards the
direction in which air is required to pass through the said ventilator. I so arrange
the baffle-plates last named that they may be readily withdrawn from the ventilator
when it is requisite to remove from the interior of such ventilator dust, soot and
other matters which may accumulate therein, and this may be readily accomplished
by securing such baffle-plates to a plate or bar or plates or bars adapted to be
slidden into or placed in position in the ventilator. The baffle-plates above
mentioned will efficiently hinder currents of air from passing through the ventilator
in a direction contrary to that in which air is required to pass through such
ventilator. The baffle-plates first named or some of them are so arranged that
they may be secured in position after the other baffle-plates employed have been
placed in position and that they may be removed whenever it may be necessary to
remove the other baffle-plates used in conjunction therewith and again placed or
secured in position when the baffle-plates used in conjunction therewith have been
replaced in the ventilator. I also provide a ventilator constructed according to my
invention with a front or lid made readily removable, and perforated or otherwise
formed so as to allow air to pass through it and I employ in conjunction with such
front or lid, or provide such front or lid with a grid or filter of wire gauze or any
other suitable material by which, in the event of temporary draughts or currents
of air passing through the ventilator in a direction contrary to that in which it is
desired that air shall pass through such ventilator, any dust or soot or other

page_text: particies or matter which may be carried in suspension by such aray
of air or may have accumulated in the interior of the ventilator, shall be prevented
or hindered from passing into the interior of the room or building in connection
with which such ventilator is employed.
A ventilator constructed according to my invention is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the ventilator with the front or lid and grid or filter
in position.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the ventilator with the front or lid and grid or filter
removed.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the ventilator.
Fig. 4 is a front view and Fig. 5 a horizontal section showing detached the
baffle-plates which are placed in the central portion of the passage through which
air is intended to pass through the ventilator.
Fig. 6 is a front view and Fig. 7 a horizontal section showing the lid or front
detached.
Fig. 8 is a front view and Fig. 9 a side view of one of the baffle-plates which
project from the sides of the ventilator and are capable of being readily removed
therefrom.
The same letters of reference are applied to corresponding parts in all the
figures and in order that where it is necessary it may be more easy to distinguish
between two or more similar parts additional distinguishing letters of reference
are applied to such parts.
(a) (a) are the baffle-plates which project from the sides (6¹) (62) of the
ventilator into the passage (A) by which air is intended to pass through the
ventilator, and (c) (c) are the baffle-plates which are placed in the central
portion (A) of the passage by which air is intended to pass through the ventilator.
Air is intended to pass through the ventilator in the direction indicated by the
arrows (B). The baffle-plates (a) and the baffle-plates (c) are directed or turned
towards the direction through which air is intended to pass through the ventilator
as is clearly indicated in the accompanying drawings.
The sides (61) (62) and the top (d) and bottom (e) of the ventilator are cast in
one piece and the baffle-plates (a) are cast in one therewith. The sides (¹) (62)
and the top (d) and bottom (e) of the ventilator are each cast with a rabbet or
recess (C), into which the lid or front (f) of the ventilator may be inserted. The
top (d) is cast with a groove (d¹) in its front portion. The baffle-plates (c) (c) are
cast in one with a central plate (g) and such baffle-plates (c) are made of a height
equal to the height of the passage (A) formed in the ventilator and the plate () is
formed with a part (9) capable of being inserted into the groove (d') formed in
the top (d), of the ventilator. The part (9') of the plate (9) can thus be inserted
into the groove (d') and the baffle-plates (c) can be placed in position in the
passage (A) in the manner to be hereinafter described, and when so placed therein
will be kept in proper position by the engagement of the part (9¹) of the plate (g)
with the groove (d') and by the baffle-plates (c) and plate (9) resting upon the
bottom (e) of the ventilator. Each of the baffle-plates (a2) is secured to the
side (6) or (3) as the case may be of the ventilator to which it is applied by means
of studs (6) provided with heads which studs (63) are passed through holes formed
in the baffle-plate (a²) and are driven into taper holes formed in the side of the
ventilator to which such baffle-plate (a2) is applied so as to be secured in such taper
holes. The front or lid (f) of the ventilator is formed with a frame (f¹) cast with
a part (f) adapted to be inserted into the rabbets or recesses (C) formed in the
top (d), bottom (e) and sides (61) (62) of the ventilator and is arranged to be secured
therein by screws or other suitable means so as to be capable of being readily
removed from the body of the ventilator from time to time as may be desirable.
(h) is a frame forined of wood which is made to fit between the top (d), and
bottom (e) and between the sides (6') and (62) of the ventilator, so that it may be
placed and remain in position in the ventilator without needing to be further

page_text: attached thereto. To the frame (¹) is secured by nailing or in any other suitable
manner a grid or filter (h) formed of wire gauze or other suitable material by
which in the event of temporary draughts or currents of air passing through the
ventilator in a direction contrary to that in which it is desired that air shall pass
through such ventilator any dust or soot or other particles of matter which may
be carried in suspension by such currents of air or may have accumulated in the
interior of such ventilator shall be prevented or hindered from passing into the
interior of the room or building in connection with which such ventilator is
employed. Between the baffle-plates (a¹) (a¹) there is formed in the casting of the
body of the ventilator a rib (i) which partially closes the opening between the said
baffle-plates (a) (a'). I find that the employment of the rib (i) tends to promote
a more effective action of the ventilator both by causing a comparatively rapid
passage of air between the baffle-plates (a') (a¹), to be required for a slower
passage of air through the passage (A) of the ventilator and by checking
the passage of air through the ventilator in a direction contrary to that indicated
by the arrows (B). In cases in which a ventilator is to be applied to a chimney in
which there is a very powerful draft the rib (i) is made of greater height so that
the opening between the baffle-plates (a') (a¹) will be less than that indicated in
the accompanying drawings.
The body of the ventilator illustrated in the accompanying drawings that is to
say the portion formed of the top (d), bottom (e) and sides (6') (63) and the baffle-
plates (a) formed upon the sides (b) (b) is placed in position in the opening
prepared for it, in the wall of a chimney or ventilating shaft or other device with
which it is to be placed in communication and then the plate (g) and baffle-
plates (c) (c) are placed in position in the ventilator in the manner above described.
The baffle-plates (a) are next placed in position in the manner hereinbefore described,
and then the grid or filter (h) of wire gauze or other suitable material above
mentioned is placed and secured in position in the manner above described, and
finally the front or lid (f) is placed and secured in position in the manner herein-
before described.
When the ventilator is arranged and placed in position in the manner above
described the baffle-plates (a) and (c) will effectually hinder currents of air from
passing through the ventilator in the direction contrary to that indicated by the
arrows (B) and if from any cause temporary draughts or currents of air pass
through the ventilator in the direction contrary to that indicated by the arrows (B)
the grid or filter (/) will prevent any dust or soot or other particles of matter
which may be carried in suspension by such draughts or currents of air or
may have accumulated in the interior of the ventilator from passing into the interior
of the room or building in connection with which such ventilator is employed.
It is obvious that the baffle-plates (a¹) might also be secured to the sides (b¹) (62):
of the ventilator in a manner similar to that in which the baffle-plates (a²) are
secured to the sides of the ventilator and that each side of the ventilator might be
provided with more than two baffle-plates (a) and that in cases where more than
two baffle-plates (a) are provided at each side of the ventilator more than two
baffle-plates (c) may be provided at each side of the plate (g). It is also obvious
that as the baffle-plates (a²), except when they are to be removed from the
ventilator, are not subject to any influence tending to disturb them when once
secured in position they may be secured in position in any of a considerable number
of ways as may be found convenient as also may the grid or filter (h).
While the ventilators constructed according to my invention are intended to be
placed when in use in such position that the plane of the plate (9) is vertical such
ventilators may, in cases in which it may not be convenient to fix them in such a
position, be fixed so that the plate (g) is in a horizontal or other position.
Ventilators constructed according to my invention are more efficient and more
readily freed from dust, soot and other matters which may have accumulated
therein than those hitherto employed. When it is desired to remove accumulated
dust, soot or other matters from the interior of a ventilator constructed according

page_text: to my invention the front or lid (f) and the grid or filter (1) are first removed from
the ventilator, and then the baffle-plates (a2) are removed from the ventilator. The
plate (9) and with it the baffle-plates (c) may then be removed from the ventilator.
All the parts of the ventilator may then be freed from accumulated dust, soot and
other matters and afterwards the plate (g) and baffle-plates (c), the baffle-plates (a²)
and the front or lid (f) may all be again placed in position in the ventilator in the
manner herein before described.
While ventilators constructed according to my invention are chiefly intended
for use in conjunction with chimneys or ventilating shafts of a similar character,
they may also be employed in conjunction with any other devices by which currents
of air from the interiors of rooms or buildings may be promoted.
A ventilator constructed according to my invention may be so fixed in the wall
of a room or building that the opening between the baffle-plates (a¹) (a¹) at the
rear of the ventilator shall be in communication with the air outside such room or
building iustead of in communication with a chimney or a ventilating shaft of a
similar character or other device by which a current of air from a room or building
may be caused. If the said opening between the baffle-plates (a¹) (a) at the rear
of the ventilator be so placed in communication with the air outside a room or
building air will be admitted by the ventilator to such room or building but the
baffle-plates (a) (c) will prevent the air admitted to the said room or building by
such ventilator from causing objectionable draughts or currents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
The combination and arrangement of the baffle-plates (a), the baffle-plates (c),
and the filter or grid (h) substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-
before described, in reference to and indicated in and by the accompanying
drawings.
m
204
HOWARD CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.