A MACHINE OR MODEL WITH MUCH EXPENCE AND LABOUR FOR THE MORE ADVANTAGIOUSLY APPLYING THE FALL OF WATER ON A WHEEL ENGINE
Year: 1739

page_text: GEORGE THE SECOND, by the grace of God, and so forth, to all to whom
these Presents shall come greeting.
WHEREAS our trusty and welbeloved NEHEMIAH CHAMPION, of our City
of Bristol, Merchant, has by his petition humbly represented unto us, that
he has been two years and upwards in contriving "A MACHINE OR MODEL WITH
MUCH EXPENCE AND LABOUR FOR THE MORE ADVANTAGIOUSLY APPLYING THE FALL OF
WATER ON A WHEEL ENGINE," and by great applycation, having made many ex-
periments and improvements on the said machine or model, the said Nehemiah
Champion has brought the same to such perfection as that he has discovered
and demonstrated that water applyed on a wheel by conveying the fall thereof
in any upright or perpendicular manner, is a much more advantagious way
than any other in practice, whereby overshoot water wheels will be more
effectually and powerfully workt, to the great advantage of mineing and
other uses; that in regard the petitioner is the first and sole inventor of
the application of water on overshoot water wheels, by an upright or per-
pendicular fall on the said wheel or wheels, and that the same is entirely
new, and has not hitherto been brought into publick use, he hath therefore
humbly prayed us to grant him our Royal Letters Patent for the sole
benefit and advantage of his said new Invention for the term of fourteen
years, according to the Statute in that case made and provided; wee being
willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions which may be for the
publick use and benefit, have thought fit to gratify him in bis request.

page_text: KNOW YE, THEREFORE, that wee of our especial grace, certain know-
ledge, and meer motion, have given and granted, and by these Presents, for
us, our heirs and successors, do give and grant unto the said Nehemiah
Champion, his executors, administrators, and assigns, our special lycence, full
power, sole priviledge and authority, that he the said Nehemiah Champion, his
executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of them, by himself and
themselves, or by his and their deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such
others as he, the said Nehemiah Champion, his executors, administrators, or
assigns, shall at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times hereafter, during the term of years herein expressed shall and
lawfully may make, use, exercise, and vend his said Invention within that
part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to him, the
said Nehemiah Champion, his executors, administrators, and assigns, or any of
them, shall in their discretions seem meet; and that he, the said Nehemiah
Champion, his executors, administrators, and assigns, shall and lawfully may
have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from time
to time coming, growing, accrewing, and arising by reason of the said Inven-
tion, for and during the term of years herein mentioned, to have, hold,
exercise, and enjoy the said lycence, powers, priviledges, and advantage herein-
before granted or mentioned to be granted unto the said Nehemiah Champion,
his executors, administrators, and assigns, for and during and unto the full
end and term of fourteen years from the date of these next and immediately
ensuing, and fully to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in
such case made and provided. And to the end that he the said Nehemiah
Champion, bis executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of them, may
have and enjoy the full benefit, and the sole use and exercise of the said
Invention herein-before declared, wee do by these Presents, for us, our heirs
and successors, require and strictly command all and every person and persons,
bodies politick and corporate, and all other our subjects whatsoever, of what
estate, quality, degree, name, or condition soever they be, within that said part
of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed aforesaid, that neither they nor any of them
at any time during the continuance of the said term of fourteen years hereby
granted, either directly or indirectly do make, use, or put in practice the said
Invention or any part of the same, so attained unto by the said Nehemiah
Champion as aforesaid, nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the
same, nor shall make or cause to be made any addition thereunto, or substrac-
tion from the same, whereby to pretend himself or themselves the inventor

page_text: or inventors, devisor or devisors thereof, without the lycence, consent, or
agreement of the said Nehemiah Champion, his executors, administrators, or
assigns in writing, under his or their hands and seals first had and obtained in
that behalf, upon such pains and penalties as can or may be justly inflicted
on such offenders for their contempt of this our Royal command, and further
to be answerable to the said Nehemiah Champion, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns according to law, for his and their damages thereby occa-
sioned. And moreover, wee do by these Presents, for us, our heirs and suc-
cessors, will and command all and singular the justices of the peace, mayors,
sheriffs, bayliffs, constables, headboroughs, and all other officers and ministers
whatsoever of us, our heirs and successors, for the time being, that they or any
of them do not nor shall at any time hereafter during the said term hereby
granted in anywise molest, trouble, or hinder the said Nehemiah Champion, his
executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them, or his or their deputics,
servants, or agents, in or about the due and lawfull use or exercise of the
aforesaid Invention, or anything relating thereto: Provided always, and these
our Letters Patent are and shall be upon this express condition, that if at
any time during the said term hereby granted it shall be made appear
to us, our heirs or successors, or any six of our or their, Privy Council,
that this our grant is contrary to law, or prejudicial or inconvenient, to
our subjects in general, or that the said Invention is not a new invention
as to the publick use and exercise thereof in that said part of our King-
dom of Great Britain, our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed aforesaid, or not invented and found out by the said Nehemiah
Champion as aforesaid, then upon signification or declaration thereof, to be
made by us, our heirs or successors, under our.. or, their signet or privy
seal, or by the Lords and others of our or their Privy Council, or any six
or more of them under their hands, these our Letters Patent shall forth-
with cease, determine, and be utterly void to all intents, and purposes, any-
thing herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwith-
standing: Provided also, that these our Letters Patent, or anything herein
contained shall not extend. or be construed to extend to give priviledge unto the
said Nehemiah Champion, his executors, administrators, or assigns; or any of
them, to use or imitate any Invention, or work whatsoever, which hath here-
tofore been found out or invented by any other of our subjects whatsoever, and
publickly used or exercised in that said part of our Kingdom of Great Britain
called England, our Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed
aforesaid, unto, whom-like Letters Patent or priviledges have been already
granted, for the sole use, exercise, and benefit thereof, it. being our will and
.

page_text: pleasure that the said Nehemiah Champion, his executors, administrators, and
assigns, and all and every other person and persons to whom like Letters
Patent or priviledges have been already granted as aforesaid, shall distinctly use
and practice their several Inventions by them invented and found out, according
to the true intent and meaning of the same respective Letters Patent and of
these Presents: Provided likewise, nevertheless, and these our Letters Patent
are upon this express condition, that if the said Nehemiah Champion, his ex-
ecutors, administrators, or any person or persons which shall or may at any
time or times hereafter, during the continuance of this grant, have or claim
any right, title, or interest, in law or equity, of, in, or to the power, priviledge,
and authority of the sole use and benefit of the said Invention hereby granted,
shall make any transforr or assignment, or any pretended transferr or assign-
ment of the said liberty and priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or
profit thereof, or shall declare any trust thereof, to or for any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, or shall open or cause to be opened any
book or books for publick subscriptions to be made by any number of persons
exceeding the number of five, in order to the raising any sume or summs of
money under pretence of carrying on the said liberty or priviledge hereby
granted, or shall by him or themselves, or his, or their agents or servants,
receive any sume or sums of money whatsoever, of any number of persons
exceeding in the whole the number of five, for such or the like intents or
purposes, or shall presume to act as a corporate body, or shall divide the
benefit of these our Letters Patent, or the liberties and priviledges hereby by
us granted, into any number of shares exceeding the number of five, or shall
committ or do, or procure to be committed or done, any act, matter, or thing
whatsoever, during such time as such person or persons shall have any right
or title, either in law or equity, in or to the said premisses, which will be con-
trary to the true intent and meaning of a certain Act of Parliament, made in
the sixth year of the reign of our late Royal Father King George the First,
intituled, (An Act for the better securing certain Powers and Priviledges
intended to be granted by His Majesty by Two Charters for Assurance of
Ships and Merchandizes at Sea, and for lending Money upon Bottomry, and
for restraining several extravagant and unwarrantable Practices therein
mentioned), or in case the said power, priviledge, or authority, shall at
any time hereafter become vested in or in trust for more than the
number of five persons or their representatives at any one time (reckon-
ing executors or administrators as and for the single person whom they
represent as to such interest as they are or shall be intituled to, in
right of such their testator or intestate), that then and in any of the said

page_text: cases these our Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever
hereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become void, anything
herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding:
Provided also, that if the said Nehemiah Champion shall not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature and form of his said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed by an instrument in writing, under his
hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in our High Court of
Chancery within three kalender months next and immediately after the date
of these our Letters Patent, that then these our Letters Patent and all
liberties and advantages whatsoever hereby granted shall utterly cease,
determine, and become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary
thereof, in any wise notwithstanding. And lastly wee do by these Presents, for
us, our heirs and successors, grant unto the said Nehemiah Champion, his
executors, administrators, and assigns, that these our Letters Patent or inroll-
ment or exemplification thereof, shall be in and by all things good, firm, valid,
sufficient, and effectual in the law according to the true intent and meaning
thereof, and shall be taken, construed, and adjudged in the most favourable
and beneficial sense for the best advantage of the said Nehemiah Champion,
his executors, administrators, and assigns, as well in all our Courts of Record
as elsewhere, and by all and singular the officers and ministers whatsoever of
us, our heirs and successors, in that part of our Kingdom of Great Britain
called England, our Dominion of Wales and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
aforesaid, and amongst all and every the subjects of us, our heirs and
successors, whatsoever and wheresoever, notwithstanding the not full and
certain describing the nature or quality of the said Invention, or of the
materials thereto conducing and belonging.
In witness, &c. Witness ourself at Westminster, the Eighth day of June.