IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF FUEL ECONOMIZERS PART OF SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATIONSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Graham Perkin and James Scott both of Wakefield
in the County of York for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF FUEL ECONOMIZERS PART OF SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Graham Perkin and
James Scott at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
22nd July 1882.
JOHN GRAHAM PERKIN and JAMES SCOTT both Wakefield in the County of
York "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FUEL ECONOMIZERS, PART OF
SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
The class of fuel economisers or water heaters to which our Invention has
reference are those consisting of vertical tubes through which the supply water
passes for the purpose of heating the same. These tubes being placed in the flue
become coated with soot dust and other products.
Firstly: The object of our invention is to cleanse and scrape such tubes more
effectually than they have hitherto been.
We provide levers for carrying the upper and lower scraper segments. These
by preference are hooked or otherwise hinged together and may be varied in length
and thereby the pressure of the scraper segments regulated to suit the nature of the
soot or other substances to be scraped off the tubes
The lifting bars have provided in them recesses or guards to receive the scraper
levers, these being so arranged or guarded that their scraper segments will clear
whilst passing and repassing each other.
By our arrangement also the scraper segments can be applied to each of any
number or groups of pipes whether such groups contain even or odd numbers, and
further the whole surface of each pipe is effectually scraped.
A lifting or connecting plate may be employed for connecting the lifting bars
through which also the required vertical movement is transmitted to the scraper
segments.

page_text: Secondly. We dispense with the bolts that are ordinarily used for holding down
the lids or plugs in what is known as the top box of the economizer such bolts
being liable to corrode and give way resulting in explosions. In our arrangements
we construct the plug or lid of a conical form also the hole in the box, having its
large diameter within the box. The lid or plug is drawn up into it from the
interior till it becomes perfectly tight forming a metal to metal joint and the
greater the pressure in the interior the more firmly the plug is held in position.
This arrangement of plug is applicable for similar purposes where the pressure is
from the interior.
Thirdly. Our improvements have reference to the means of imparting motion to
the scrapers. Instead of the usual arrangements of pulleys over the top box we
place the whole of them on one shaft and conduct the chains therefrom to the
scrapers over suitable guide pulleys. This arrangement has the effect of reducing
the number of parts and consequently the cost of the driving apparatus.
Fourthly. Our Invention has further reference to attaching the branch pipes to
the boxes and instead of having the pipes flanged and employing cement to make
the joints tight we turn and bore conically the parts that have to come together so
that they fit one within the other these are secured together by bolts and form a
metal to metal joint.
:
.
Fifthly We make the tubes of the economizer of chilled metal except at each
end which are by preference not chilled but left soft for turning and fitting.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Graham Perkin and James Scott in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th January 1883.
JOHN GRAHAM PERKIN and JAMES SCOTT both of Wakefield in the County of
York "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FUEL ECONOMIZERS, PART OF
SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES "
The class of fuel economizers or water heaters to which our Invention has
reference are those consisting of vertical tubes through which the supply water
passes for the purpose of heating the same: These tubes being placed in the flue
become coated with soot, dust and other products.
Firstly. The object of. our Invention is to cleanse and scrape such tubes more
effectually than they have hitherto been. We provide levers for carrying the
upper and lower scraper segments. These by preference are hooked or otherwise
hinged together and may be varied in length and thereby the pressure of the
scraper segments regulated to suit the nature of the soot or other substances to be
scraped off the tubes. The lifting bars have provided in thein recesses or guards
to receive the scraper levers, these being so arranged or guarded that their scraper
segments will clear whilst passing and repassing each other.
By our arrangement also the scraper segments can be applied to each of any
number or groups of pipes whether such groups contain even or odd numbers, and
further the whole surface of each pipe is effectually scraped. A lifting or connecting
plate may be employed for connecting the lifting bars through which also the
required vertical movement is transmitted to the scraper segments.
Secondly. We dispense with the bolts that are ordinarily used for holding down
the lids or plugs in what is known as the top box of the economizer; such bolts
being liable to corrode and give way resulting in explosions. In our arrangements
we construct the plug or lid of a conical forin also the hole in the box, having its
larger diameter within the box. The lid or plug is drawn up into it from the
interior till it becomes perfectly tight forming a metal to metal joint and the
greater the pressure in the interior the more firmly the plug is held in position.
This arrangement of plug is applicable for similar purposes where the pressure is
from the Interior.
Thirdly. Our improvements have reference to the means of imparting motion to
the scrapers. Instead of the usual arrangements of pulleys over the top box we
place the whole of them on one shaft and conduct the chains therefrom to the
scrapers over suitable guide pulleys. This arrangement has the effect of reducing
the number of parts and consequently the cost of the driving apparatus.
Fourthly. Our Invention has further reference to attaching the branch pipes to
the boxes and instead of having the pipes flanged and employing cement to make
the joints tight we turn and bore conically the parts that have to come together so
that they fit one within the other, these are secured together by bolts and form a
metal to metal joint.
Fifthly. We make the tubes of the economizers of chilled metal except at each
end which are by preference not chilled but left soft for turning and fitting.

page_text: These are coupled
For the purpose
Firstly. The vertical tubes of the economizer are shewn at a.
to the top box b and the bottom box c in the ordinary manner.
of scraping and freeing the exterior of these tubes a from soot, we provide the
levers d and e for carrying the upper and lower scraper segments f and g. These
segments may be formed on the end of the levers as shewn or attached thereto by
any convenient means. The levers d and e are by preference hooked together as
shewn at h or hinged together and also may be varied in length in order to
regulate or adjust the pressure of the scraper segments ƒ and g against the tubes to
suit the nature of the soot or other substances to be scraped of the tubes.
The lifting bars are shewn at i, these have provided in them recesses / to receive
the scraper e and are so arranged that their respective scraper levers will clear
whilst passing and repassing each other. The above arrangement of scrapers f and g
can be applied to any number of groups of pipes whether such groups contain even
or odd numbers and further the whole surface of each pipe is scraped throughout
its length. A lifting or connecting plate may be employed for connecting the
lifting bars through which also the required vertical movement is transmitted to
the scraper segments. Fig 5 shews the form of lifting plate when there are an odd
number of pipes a in a row.
Secondly. We dispense with the bolts that are ordinarily used for holding down
the lids or plugs m in the top box b of the economizer; such bolts being liable to
corrode and give way. In our arrangements we construct the lids or plugs m of a
conical or taper form also the holes in the top box to receive them; such holes
having their larger diameters within the box. The lid or plug m is drawn up into
the hole from the interior of the box b until it becomes perfectly tight forming a
metal to metal joint and of such a nature that the greater the pressure in the
interior of the top box 6 the more firmly is the plug held in position. This
arrangement of plug is applicable for similar purposes where the pressure is from
the interior.
Thirdly. Our Improvements have reference to the means of imparting motion to
the scrapers. Instead of the usual arrangement of pulleys over the top box we
provide a shaft n the length of which depends upon the length of the economizer.
The arrangement shews one group of tubes for which only one pulley is required
on the shaft n over which the chain o is passed. When two or more groups of
tubes a are employed two or more chain pullies will be required each of which is
mounted on an extension of the shaft driven from the worm shaft p by means of
worins q and worm wheels motion being imparted to the worm shaft P from some
suitable motive power. The chain o is attached to the lifting or connecting plates
by means of the rod s. The loose socket t thereon is provided with a stop which
arrests the upward progress prior to the scraper coming in contact with the bosses u
on the upper box. Each chain pulley is secured to the shaft by a set screw so that
it may be readily released therefrom.
Fourthly. Our Invention has further reference to attaching the branch pipes to
the boxes b and c and instead of having the pipes flanged and employing cement
to make the joints tight we construct it as shewn at v on the top box b by boring
the hole W, and turning the pipe end x conically so that they come together as
shewn and are tightened and secured together by the bolts I, I.
construction of joint is applicable in connecting or coupling branch pipes to the
lower box.
The same
Fifthly We make the tubes a of the economizer of chilled metal except at each
end which are by preference not chilled but left soft for turning and fitting.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and described with the aid of
Drawings how the same may be carried into practice we would have it understood
that we do not limit ourselves to the precise details or configuration of the parts
we have described and shewn as the same may be varied or modified without
departing from the nature of our said Invention; but what we do claim is:-
Firstly. The arrangement, construction, and application of levers d and e having

page_text: scrapers segments ƒ and g formed thereon with their lifting bars i and lifting or
connecting plate; also the means employed for imparting the required motion to
the same substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Secondly. The arrangement, construction, and application of conical lids or plugs
fitted into conical holes substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Thirdly. The arrangement and construction of conical joints for branch pipes
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth
In Witness whereof, I, the said James Scott for myself, and on behalf of the
said John Grabam Perkin have hereunto set my hand and seal this sixth
day of November in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
eighty two.
JAS SCOTT (L.S.)