IMPROVEMENTS IN EMERY WHEELS AND IN EMERY WHEEL CUTTING OR GRINDING MACHINES AND IN MEANS FOR MOUNTING AND DRIVING EMERY WHEELS AND IN WHEELS AND PULLEYS. FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO SUCH MACHINERY SAID WHEELS AND PULLEYS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES OF TRANSMISSION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Russell Gubbins of 17 Park Road New Cross
in the county of Kent Engineer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
EMERY WHEELS AND IN EMERY WHEEL CUTTING OR GRINDING MACHINES AND
IN MEANS FOR MOUNTING AND DRIVING EMERY WHEELS AND IN WHEELS
AND PULLEYS. FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO SUCH MACHINERY SAID
WHEELS AND PULLEYS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES OF
TRANSMISSION
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Russell Gubbins at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1882.
RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS of 17 Park Road New Cross in the county of Kent
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMERY WHEELS AND IN EMERY WHEEL CUTTING OR
GRINDING MACHINES AND IN MEANS FOR MOUNTING AND DRIVING EMERY WHEELS
AND IN WHEELS AND PULLEYS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO SUCH MACHINERY
SAID WHEELS AND PULLEYS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES OF
TRANSMISSION
"
This invention relates to certain improvements in emery wheels and in wheel
cutting or grinding machines and in means for mounting and driving emery wheels
and in wheels and pulleys for transmitting motion to such machinery said wheels
and pulleys being also applicable for other purposes of transmission.
The improvements relating to emery comprise the ingredients to be employed in
the compounding of the emery wheel mass in which I use bichromate of potash in
mixture with glue as the matrix or medium for binding the emery or cutting
material of the wheel together.
The improvements in the emery wheel cutting and grinding machines. are
directed to the subject matter of Letters Patent N° 2383 Dater 31st May A.D. 1881.
and consist of imparting a skew movement to an emery wheel mounted on a vertical
pillar for the purpose of grinding twist drills. In place of providing a guide or
race for governing such motion of the emery wheel as in the said Letters Patent

page_text: "
I effect the same object by a pair of inclined surfaces one of which is at right angles
to the axial line of the framing in which the emery wheel is mounted, the other
being set obliquely to the axial line of the pillar which constitutes the standard of
the machine. These inclined planes turn freely upon one another and thus
impart the necessary compound motion to this emery wheel for grinding the twist
which is held in a suitable vice at a proper angle against the side of the emery
wheel.
The improvements in the pulleys or wheels for driving the emery wheel shaft
which wheels are also applicable for other purposes of transmission consist in
making the wheels with a cast malleable iron boss or hub with radiating projections
to receive the ends of tubular spokes the other or outer ends of such spokes are
fastened to the periphery of the wheel by malleable cast lugs or feet the stocks or
projections whereof are inserted into the tubular spoke ends where it is necessary
to split the wheel; the hub is made with interlocking divided rings which screw
upon the ends of the hub and will allow of the wheel being placed upon and
removed from the shafting very readily.
In constructing emery wheel sharpeners for long knives I employ a rest or holder
with a box to which the knife will be bolted and held and there will be employed
a cooling medium in the said box to keep the knife cool whilst grinding with a
dry wheel amd for operating the reciprocating movement of the knife I employ the
opposite sides of an endless chain running upon two chain pulleys and cause the
projecting lug or ears of the knife carrier to alternately engage with the chain first
on one side and then on the other.
•
For grinding irregular forms with emery wheels an over head cone is arranged
axially in line with the emery wheel for purpose of serving as a guide to a
template bolted to and arranged vertically in relation to the piece of work to be
operated upon.
The improvements relating to the subject matter of Letters Patent N° 4811
dated 20th November AD 1880. has for object means for driving the exhaust
fan on such grinders at a higher speed than the emery grinder itself and the
arrangement of a clutch with the grinder shaft so that this latter may be stopped
and started independantly of the fan.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard Russell Gubbins in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th January 1883.
RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS of 17 Park Road New Cross in the County of Kent
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMERY WHEELS AND IN EMERY WHEEL CUTTING OR
GRINDING MACHINES AND IN MEANS FOR MOUNTING AND DRIVING EMERY WHEELS
AND IN WHEELS AND PULLEYS FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION TO SUCH MACHINERY
SAID WHEELS AND PULLEYS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES OF
TRANSMISSION
.
This Invention relates to certain improvements in emery wheels and in emery
wheel cutting or grinding machines and in means for mounting and driving emery
wheels.
The improvements relating to emery wheels comprise the ingredients to be
employed in the compounding of the emery wheel mass in which I use bichromate
of potash in mixture with glue as the matrix or medium for binding the emery or
cutting material of the wheel together.
The mixed glue and bichromate of potash in proportion of about 5 per cent of
bichromate of potash to the glue is mixed in heated state with the emery as usually
well known for mixing emery wheel mass with glue alone and the subsequent
moulding and drying of the wheel is also as ordinarily.
The improvements in the emery wheel cutting and grinding machines are directed
to the subject matter of Letters Patent dated 31 May AD 1881 N° 2383 and
consists of imparting a skew movement to an emery wheel mounted on a vertical
pillar for the purpose of grinding twist drills.
I effect the guidance of the emery wheel by a pair of inclined surfaces at right
angles to the axial line of the framing in which the emery wheel is mounted are
obliquely to the axial line of the pillar which constitutes the standard of the
machine. These inclined planes turn freely upon one another and thus impart the
necessary compound motion to the emery wheel for grinding the twist drill which
is held in a suitable vice at a proper angle against the side of the emery wheel.
In constructing emery wheel sharpeners for long knives I employ a rest or
holder with a box to which the knife will be bolted and held and there will be
employed a cooling medium in the said box to keep the knife cool whilst grinding
with a dry wheel and for operating the reciprocating movement of the knife I
employ the opposite sides of an endless chain running upon two chain pulleys and
cause projections or stops on a shifting bar to be struck by a lever attached to a
vertically operating bolt upon the knife carrier to alternately engage the ends of
the bolt with the chain first on one side and then on the other.
For grinding irregular forms with emery wheels an overhead cone is arranged
axially in line with the emery wheel for purpose of serving as a guide to a template
bolted to and arranged vertically in relation to the piece of work to be operated
upon
The improvements relating to the subject matter of Letters Patent N° 4811
dated 20 November 1880 has for object means for driving the exhaust fan on
such grinders at a higher speed than the emery grinder itself and the arrange-
ment of a clutch with the grinder shaft so that this latter may be stopped and
started independantly of the fan.
I will now describe the said several improvements in reference to the accom-
panying drawings.

page_text: side of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section showing the vertical pillar A, and the inclined
framing B carrying the emery wheel C. In the standard or pillar A is set an
axis D inclined obliquely to the axial line of pillar A and at right angles to this
axis D at the summit of pillar A is provided an inclined surface A¹ upon and
against which inclined surface A' works the base E of the grinding wheel
framing B which said framing works around the oblique axis D. Upon the vertical
pillar A is mounted by collar F the bracket arm and slide rest G, G¹ the slide G¹
whereof is operated by screw G³; G³ is a footstep against which the end of the
twist drill H rests when placed in position to be operated upon and said foot-
step G³ slides in a groove G' in the slide G and is fixable by a screw G³. The
'said slide G' has a side arm G upon which is carried a clamp piece G7 secured by
set screws G³, G, serving to hold the drill H firmly into a V groove of the upper
end of the slide G¹.
.
In the framing B upon the screw centres B', B³ is carried the axle of the emery
or grinding wheel C and these side screws B', B' will also serve to. regulate the
-position of said grinding wheel O in the trough B³s of the framing B and also to
and from the point of the twist drill under operation of being ground; I is a stop
piece capable of adjustment by a set screw and the projecting end of said stop
piece I will be adjusted against the groove of the twist drill when first set for
grinding one of its end facets and when the other facet is to be ground the other
groove will be adjusted to the stop piece I so as to ensure correct sharpening. The
axial screws B1, B2 of the grinding wheel C will in operation of grinding serve as
handles for the workman to turn around the framing B and this turning taking
effect upon the oblique axis D will present the grinding wheel face in varying
planes in relation to the fixed point of the drill itself so as at once to grind the
facets of the drill conically and also to grind the said facets with a clearance in rear
of the cutting-edges of the drill The adjustment of the drill rest is effected
vertically upon pillar A by the screws F¹, F in the collar F, F' serving as a stop
when the adjustment is complete and the vertical screw F¹ for regulating the
height.
.
K is a water can fitted with tube Kleading to the point of grinding and the
liquid will be received in trough B³ whence it is led off through pipe L and is
received in the can M
In Sheet 2 is represented the construction of machine for grinding long knives.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation and Fig. 2 a plan, Fig. 3 is an end view from 'right of
Figs. 1.and 2, Fig. 4 is a back view of the knife carrier and framing showing
detail of motion and Fig. 4 a section on the centre line of Fig. 4; Fig. 5 a detail
view illustrating the automatic feed of the grinding wheel.
A. is the framing carrying the several bearings of the operating parts; A¹ is the
framing carrying the knife carrier B on slides in the ordinary way: The knife
carrier B supports upon brackets B¹ on trunnions B a hollow bolster B³ to which
the knife C to be ground is bolted as shown in Fig. 3; the heads of the bolts being
received in a T groove at the back of the bolster. At B at the top edge of the
bolster Bª are perforations for liquid to keep the edge of the knife cool during the
grinding operation. Cooling liquid is supplied by can B5 through tubing to the
hollow trunnions B of the bolster B³. Be is bracket carrying hand wheel and
screw B' to adjust the bolster B³ to to suit the angle of bevil of the knife C in
relation to the grinding wheel D. The said grinding wheel D here is represented
as a hollow cylinder open at one end and carried upon a spindle mounted in
bearings on a sliding head E on the framing and capable of adjustment to and
from the edge of the knife being operated upon and said slide head is fitted with a
feed screw for feeding it up, acted upon by levers and pawl and ratchet motion F
operated through the shaft G from an arm G¹ engaging with a stud on the shifting
bar H to. be hereinafter described.
"At the end of the frame A¹ on which the knife carrier B slides are mounted the
two chain wheels I carrying a pitch chain (of Ewarts pattern is convenient but any
"ladder chain" will serve the purpose) and this chain during the working of the
2.
NO

page_text: machine will run coutiņuously in one direction to operate the knife carrier B as
will be hereinafter described in connection with the shifting bar H before
referred to
•
The motion and transmission is as follows:-1 is fast and loose pulley mounted
on shaft carrying pulleys 2 and 4. Strap from 2 drives grinding wheel pulley 3,
strap from 4 drives 5 and 6 and strap from 6 over 7 drives the chain wheel I
The knife carrier B has in the centre at the back part thereof as shown in Figs 4
and 4* a centre stud K upon which stud K an eye or slot in the centre of the
chain engaging bolt L slides up and down and on centre stud K is fixed and
carried on a cam plate M provided with a cam path engaging with a pin or stud N
upon the bolt L. 6 are guide pieces bolted to the carrier B and serving to support
the sag of the endless chain and to guide the ends of the bolt L
The shifting bar H is bolted through slotted holes therein to lugs H¹ on the
back of the framing and the bar H may shift backwards and forwards upon its
securing bolts to the extent of the length of its slotted holes H³.
Adjustable stops P, P₁ are placed upon the said bar H and may be fixed by their
screw at any point required. A tripping tappet Q is also carried on centre stud K
and said stud K is capable of a rocking motion in its bearings.
The bolt L as shown in Figs. 4 and 4" is just in central position clear of the
endless chain but at this point it will by its own weight fall into one of the open
links of the chain whereupon the knife carrier will be carried in the direction of
the arrow by the travel of the chain. When the trippeting tappet Qin the travel
of the knife carrier B comes in contact with the stop P¹ the bar H is carried the
distance of the slots at H' and then the centre pin K is rocked and with it the
cam M the cam path whereof acting upon the stud N will raise the bolt Land
shoot its upper end into a link of the endless chain whereupon the traverse of the
knife carrier B will commence and be performed in the opposite direction and so
on alternately.
The bar H has been described as shifting or moving a certain distance upon the
impact of the tripping tappet Q against the stops P, P' and this alternate motion
of the bar H is utilized through the shaft G and arm G₁ and ratchet and pawl
motion F to automatically feed up the grinding wheel to the knife as the grinding
proceeds.
In Sheet 8 is illustrated the device for grinding irregular forms A is a framing;
B a table resting thereon, C centre shaft running in parallel bearings a, and
carrying an emery wheel D capable of motion up and down through a hole
provided for it in the table. A shaft E furnished with an eccentric F driven by
pulley F' from the main shaft a transmits the vertical motion to shaft C and
grinding wheel D through the rod G and rocking lever H, H' mounted on shaft H';
the end H³ of the rocking lever spanning the reel O¹ of the shaft C.
Rotary motion is imparted to the emery wheel and its spindle by a band from
wheel I to roller pulley K.
Upon the table B mounted upon two pillars L is a cross bar or bridge piece M in
the middle of which is a boss N the hole whereof is truly axial with the shaft. C.
A shaft C¹ fitted in boss N carries at its lower end a cone O upon a screw of said
shaft C. Said shaft C' is capable of vertical adjustment in boss N and being set fast
by set screws P Fig. 2. An inverted cup Q large enough to cover and guard the wheel
is also made fast upon the shaft C below the cone O. R is the templet which is
fixed vertically upon the piece of work under operation by means of stud S (of
which there may be several when required).
Motion being imparted to wheel I the spindle C and its emery wheel is caused.
to revolve whilst at the same time it moves slowly up and down through the hole
in the table. The edge surface of the piece of work R¹ being ground is now
presented to the emery wheel underneath the edge of the cup Q, which for this.
purpose is lowered sufficiently to just clear the surface of the work and is then
clamped fast by the screw P. The cone O is now turned upon screw of shaft C¹
until its conical surface bears against the templet R and the grinding is then

page_text: proceeded with. The templet R bearing upon the edge of the cone causes the work
in its contact with the emery wheel to take exactly the outline of said templet as
the grinding goes on
In Sheet 4 is represented an emery grinding machine fitted with the exhaust fan A
but inasmuch as emery wheels B of large size cannot be driven at a speed sufficient
to produce the vacuum required. I mount the fan A upon a sleeve A¹ formed with
a pulley A which runs upon the spindle C The emery wheels themselves aro
driven by pullies D D¹ the fan being driven by the pullies A², A³. When it is
desirable to run the fan constantly (as for blowing a fire) the pulley wheel D' is
mounted loosely upon shaft E and the clutch shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is used for
starting or stopping the emery wheels driven by it whilst the motion of shaft E
will be communicated to the fan A only.
The clutch box F is a rim inside the wheel D' and within it a flexible divided
ring G is attached by one arm H firmly to the shaft E with which it revolves.
The two ends I of the divided ring are pinned to a lever K which is bent as
shown to pass the shaft E and spreads out to a broad end L as shown in Figs. 1,3
and 4.
A cone M sliding on the shaft E and operated by the striking gear N upon
being pressed in deflects lever K outward thereby springing apart the ends of the
divided ring I and causing it to become jammed in the clutch box F which is thus
caused to revolve.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention I claim :-
Firstly The improvements in the compounding of emery wheels by the addition
of bichromate of potash as herein set forth.
.
Secondly The improvements in emèry wheel cutting or grinding machines for
grinding twist drills as herein described and shewn by the Figures of Sheet 1 of
the drawings.
Thirdly. The improvements in emery wheel cutting or grinding machines for
grinding long knives as herein described and shown by the Figures of Sheet 2 of
the drawings.
Fourthly. The improvements in emery wheel cutting or grinding machines for
grinding irregular forms to a template as herein described and shown by the
Figures of Sheet 3 of the drawings.
Fifthly. The improvements in emery wheel cutting or grinding machines and in
means for mounting and driving emery wheels and other like machinery with the
clutch device and sleeve shaft for higher speeds and for alternating, simultaneous
or separate motion as herein described and shown by the Figures of Sheet 4 of the
drawings.
In Witness whereof I. the said Richard Russell Gubbins have hereunto set
my hand and seal this third day of January in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three
In presence of
WALTER A. BARLOW
Patent Agent & Engineer
6 St Pauls Churchyard
London E.C
R. R. GUBBINS (L.S.)