IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING LOOMS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire
of France, and 10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WEAVING LOOMS."-A communication from Pierre Legrand, residing
at Serain, France, Manufacturer.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 29th July 1869, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 18,
Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 10, Sackville
Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WEAVING Looms," communicated to me by Pierre Legrand, resident at
Serain, France, Manufacturer, and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant
unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters
Patent for the same, and made solemn Declaration that it is a com-
munication.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do
hereby declare that the following Complete Specification, under my
hand and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the In-
vention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say:-
This Invention, communicated to me, relates to a new and improved
system of double-acting cording, having an upper and lower movement,
and a new and improved means of operating by gearings the cards,
which improvements can be easily applied to either mecanical or hand
weaving looms, and are equally applicable to the weaving of plain
tissues, or of the highly worked fabrics which require the jacquart loom,
with this advantage, that whilst the latter system imposes the use of
little speed with the said improvements, the speed may be excessive
without giving rise to any inconvenience. They consequently supersede
any mechanism known for this manufacture.
Another advantage is that tissues manufactured with 2 to 24 lifting
blades are woven with the same ease and speed as those manufactured
with 2, and even above 24 the work is the same, but it is then more
suitable to make use of neck twines instead of the lifting blades, the
space between the batten and the rest for the levers not being sufficient
for the movement with ease of more than 24 lifting blades. The employ-
ment of neck twines facilitates the execution of the figures or designs,
which cannot be done but with the jacquart loom.
Another very important advantage of said improvements which is
simply obtained by means of the eccentrics, but which the jacquart
loom does not present, nor any of the cording in use up to the present
time, is the uncrossing of the threads, which facilitates the manu-
facture very much for certain materials, that is to say, that according to
the figures the threads of the chain separate, the ones in rising and the
others in descending precisely as when employing eccentrics.

page_text: These improvements are shown in the accompanying Drawings, of
which Fig. 1 is a front view of a portion of a weaving loom; Figs. 2
and 3 are end views showing the mecanism for operating the double-
acting movement of the cording and the gear working the cards;
Fig. 4 a front view showing part of the cording; Fig. 5 a partly front
and partly side view of a modification in the cording and the mecanism
for operating the double motion; Figs. 6, 7, 8, & 9, various forms of
hooks.
3
In these Figures the same letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts.
A, B, are frames fixed to each side of the loom, and between which is
placed the cross shaft 1, to one end of which is attached the working
lever 2 connected by the connecting rod 3, the coupling rods 4 & 5, and
the gearings 6 & 7 to the shaft of the loom 8 worked by the main
connecting strap. Upon the two ends of the cross shaft 1 are fixed the
knife holders 9 & 10 operating the knife 11 by the connecting rods 12
and 13. The end of the knife holder 9 is fastened by the linked con-
necting rod 14 to another linked connecting rod 15 fixed to one of
the ends of the cross shaft 16, to the other end of which is fixed
another connecting rod 17, the connecting rods 15 & 17 bearing by
means of the connecting rods 18 & 19 with which they are coupled the
tongue 20 operated by these latter connecting rods. Each of the lifting
blades 21 of the loom, which should work in a number corresponding to.
the hooks 22, is connected by a cord to a segment of a circle 23-in
relation with the other segments by the twine 24 of which the end
is attached to a square 25 in relation with one of the hooks by the
twine 26. When the driving lever 2 ascends the knife holders 9 & 10
descend and operate upon the connecting rods 14 & 15, a force of
traction which imparts to the tongue 20 a contrary movement to that.
of the knife 11, so that the lifting blades exercise a force of traction by
means of the knife 11 upon the hooks 22, and the tongue 20 reascending
allows the other lifting blades not drawn up to follow in its ascension..
These same blades pulled up by the spiral springs 27 and free from the.
resistance of the tongue 20 draw some of the threads of the warp.
underneath, whilst the blades pulled up by the knife 11 make the
other threads of the warp rise, the passage of the shuttle being thus
formed.
f

page_text: Many means for the play of the hooks 22 more or less expensive are
known, the preferable is a piece of wood or iron 28 having alternate
grooves and elevations cut to correspond to the distance of the hooks
from one another, shewn in the Drawing by black and white spaces.
The hooks operate differently according as to whether they fall or not
into the grooves, these falling down and the others rising up; they are
guided in two frames 29 & 30; they may be made in different ways,
iron wire, round or flat, springing on itself, Fig. 6, or with a straight
blade acting by an independent spring, Fig. 7.
Instead of the springs 27 operating the lowering movement the
cording may be double, as seen, Fig. 5, in which case the ordinary hook
should be substituted by a double one, Fig. 8 & 9, which are of various
forms, as it is only necessary for them to be drawn downwards by the
knife 11 or upwards by the tongue 20, to which in this case is adapted
a knife corresponding to the neck of the book.
The movement of the cards is effected, as has been said, by gearings.
To obtain this result a box of a triangular, or square, or octagon, or in a
word polygon form is placed on one of the lateral frames B to receive
and direct the cards. A cog wheel 32 puts this box into motion, which
moves in a circle, said cog being keyed to its end and in gear with
another cog wheel 33 worked by a pinion with straight teeth to a
conical gearing 34 in gear with another conical gearing 35 keyed to
the shaft of the treddle 36 from where the original movement starts.
These gearings ought to work in accordance with the movements of
the loom; thus supposing the box 31 square it will turn a quarter
of a circle for each pick or shoot.
Having thus described the said improvements, and the manner of
putting them into execution, I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise details above enumerated, as these may
obviously be modified without in any way departing from the principle
of the said Invention; but what I claim and desire to secure by the said
Letters Patent is,-
1st. The rectilineal perpendicular double movement above and beneath
n weaving looms, as described and for the purpose set forth.
: 2ond. The operating of the cards by a gearing turning round in a
continual motion in weaving looms, as described.

page_text: 3rd. The rectilineal perpendicular double movement above and
beneath combined with the operating the cards by a gearing in a
continual motion in weaving looms, substantially as has been described
and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.S.)