IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH FURNACES EMPLOYED IN THE Manu
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Warren, of Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Glass Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH FURNACES EMPLOYED IN THE Manu-
Scaled the 22nd November 1872, and dated the 8th August 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Warren at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 8th August 1872.
I, THOMAS WARREN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH FURNACES EMPLOYED IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that class of furnaces known as tank furnaces,
has for its main object the obtaining of rich heating gases at a low tem-
perature from fuel on a deeply loaded fire-grate, and the economical use
of such gases in the tank by combustion with air heated entirely by waste
licat, and consists,-

page_text: (A.), the air heating fluc arrangements described by me in the Speci-
fication of an Invention for which I obtained Letters Patent bearing the
serial number 1450 of the year 1868; (B.), the hollow bridge arrangement
described by me in the Specification of Invention covered by Letters
Patent No. 3931 of the year 1868; and (C.), a flue descending from the
hollow bridge to the end of the flues conveying heated air from below,
the air being admitted into the furnaces substantially as in No. 1480 of
the year 1868 above-mentioned.
Second. As means for obtaining rich gases at a low temperature for
economizing fuel and for providing a durable and efficient structure, in
constructing a furnace with (D.) the fire-place or fire-places very deep,
and the crown, in relation to the charge level of the fuel and the height
of the bridge, low, in combination with the parts A. and B., described
under the above first part of my Invention.
Third. As means for economizing fuel, providing a durablo and
efficient structure, and in the most thorough manner with which I am
acquainted obtaining and using rich gases and heated air, I employ in
combination the features A., B., C., and D., above described.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawings contains views in longitudinal
and horizontal sections, marked respectively Figs. 1 and 2, illustrative of
a furnace constructed in accordance with my Invention.
a, tank; b, fire-places; c, down flue to regenerator spaces d; e, escape
flue; f, regenerator air heating space; g, up-take; h, space in bridge;
i, jets directing heated air towards centre of tank; j, flat crown of fire-
place.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Warren in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th February 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
WARREN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Glass
Manufacturer, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-

page_text: sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Thomas Warren, Her special licence that
I, the said Thomas Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Thomas Warren, my executors, adminis-.
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CON-
NECTED WITH FURNACES EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS," upon thic
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Warren, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Warren, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of illustrative Drawings and to the figures and figures and letters
marked thereon, that is to say :—
My Invention relates to that class of furnaces known as tank furnaces,
has for its main object the obtaining of rich heating gases at a low tem-
perature from fuel on a deeply loaded fire-grate, and the economical uses
of such gases in the tank by combustion with air heated entirely by waste
heat, and consists,―
First. As means for economizing fuel and providing a durable and
efficient structure in employing in combination the following features:--
(A.), the air heating flue arrangements described by me in the Speci--
fication of an Invention for which I obtained Letters Patent bearing the
serial number 1480 of the year 1868; (B.), the hollow bridge arrangement
described by me in the Specification of Invention covered by Letters
Patent No. 3931 of the year 1868; and (C.) a flue descending from the
hollow bridge to the end of the flues conveying heated air from below,
the air being admitted into the furnace substantially as in No. 1480 of
the year 1868 above-mentioned.

page_text: Second. As means for obtaining rich gases at a low temperature for
economizing fuel and for providing a durable and efficient structure, in
constructing a furnace with (D.) the fire-place or fire-places very deep,
and the crown, in relation to the charge level of the fuel and the height
of the bridge, low, in combination with the parts A. and B., described 5
under the above first part of my Invention.
Third. As means for economizing fuel, providing a durable and
efficient structure, and in the most thorough manner with which I am
acquainted obtaining and using rich gases and heated air, I employ in
combination the features A., B., C., and D. above described.
The Drawings hereunto appended represent a furnace constructed in
accordance with my Invention, the three several combinations above
specified being embodied therein.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section at the bent line x, x ; Fig. 2 is a
vertical transverse section at the line Y, Y; and Fig. 3 is a horizontal ]
section at the line Z, Z. In these views like letters denote the same
parts.
]
1 denotes the tank; 2, 2¹, bridges; 3, 3', fire-bars; 4, 4', fire-places;
5, 5', crowns of fire-places; 6, crown of furnace over tank; 7, working
holes; 8, 8, descending flues for conveying heated gases or products of
combustion downwards to the respective air heating chambers. Two of
these chambers 0, 0', of an L form in plan, are used by preference, but
only one and its connections are clearly shown on the Drawings. The
said gases or products of combustion pass from 8¹ into the space 8*,
thence into 82, 83, and 8', horizontally along 8%, and finally upwards in Sa
into the conc or chimney 9. The air to be heated in the chamber 0¹
enters the fluc at 10, passes thence to 10' and 10%, then rises in the
flue 11', which enters the hollow space 12' in the bridge 2'. 11 shows
the flue from 0. The spaces 13 for air under the bottom of the tank 1
are connected to the flues 11, 11'; circulation of air therethrough is
thereby induced with the object of keeping the bottom of the tank cool.
Air may be admitted in regulated quantity from outside to constantly
circulate through 13, therefrom into 11, 11'. The air delivered through
11, 11', into the hollow spaces 12, 12', in the bridges 2, 21, being highly
heated by the utilization of what would otherwise be waste heat, is
allowed to escape from 12, 12', by the long narrow openings 14, 14³, and
to comingle with the rich heating gases generated from the fuel on 3, 3',

page_text: and induce more thorough combustion than has been possible heretofore.
The direction of the escaping heated currents of air towards the centre
of the tank ensures most effective combustion at the part required, that
is to say, immediately over the glass-making materials near the centre
of the tank, hence rapid melting is secured, and the brick of which the
.furnace is constructed is rendered more durable. 15 are the caves.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and particu-
larized the same in such manner that others will be enabled to carry my
improvements into effect, I claim,—
:
First. The air heating flues, the hollow bridge with openings there-
from, and the flue descending from the hollow bridge, all combined and
arranged substantially as set forth and illustrated in the Drawings, for
the purposes set forth.
Second. The employment of a deep fire-place with low crown in com-
5 bination with the improvements claimed under the above first part,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
And, third. The employment in combination of the several improve-
ments claimed under the above first and second parts, for the purposes
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Warren, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of February, in the year of our
In the presence of
TIMOTHY WARREN, Witness.
JAMES RUSSELL, Witness.
THO³. WARREN. (L.S.)