Improvements in Door Closers.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan., 1899-Accepted, 4th Mar., 1899
Improvements in Door Closers.
I, ALBERT EDWARD DURRANT, of 110, Annandale Road, Greenwich, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
-
This invention for improvements in door closers has for its object an arrangement
whereby the door is automatically closed after it has been opened and by means of
which the amount of closure can be regulated. It also relates to means whereby
the closing of the door is caused to take place gradually.
In order that this invention may be more readily understood reference is had
to the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings on which
Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section of a door closer constructed according
to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 3 shows a portion of a slightly modified arrangement.
A fitting A provided with projections a a is attached by screws or other suitable
means to the door frame. The barrel B is provided with an extension 6 which fits
between the projections a a on the fitting A and a pivot pin C is passed through
so as to secure them together and also to allow of movement of the barrel B
relative to said pivot pin C. The barrel B is of suitable length and is closed at
both ends so as to be fluid tight and within it a piston D is arranged to work, the
piston D being mounted on the piston rod E and a stuffing box 6 being provided
where it passes through the end of the barrel B. A spring B' is inserted in the
barrel Bin such manner that it tends to force the piston D outwardly. The
barrel B is filled with oil or other suitable liquid.
The piston D does not fit tightly in the barrel B but upon its face a disc d of
indiarubber or leather or the like is attached, the edges d' of the disc d being bent
over so as to form a cup as will be seen from the drawings. A small passage d²
is formed through the piston rod E and the piston D whereby communication is
made from one side of the piston to the other.
The outer end e of the piston rod E is enlarged and a hole is formed through it.
To the door itself a bracket F is attached and this bracket F is provided with
side pieces ff having several holes fi f¹ through them. It will be seen that by
inserting a pin G through any set of these holes ft fl and through the end e of the
piston rod E a pivotal connection is made between the piston rod E and the door.
When the door is opened the piston D is caused to move inwardly against the
force of the spring B¹, the spring barrel B changing its position correspondingly,
and as soon as the door is released it will be understood that the spring B₁ forces
the piston D outwardly again thus closing the door.
As however with this arrangement the door would be quickly closed and would
be most probably caused to slam, the following device is combined with the spring
closer just described. As the door is opened and the piston D moves inwardly
the oil in the spring barrel B presses the edges & of the disc d inwardly so that

page_text: it can pass quickly- to the other side of the piston D without offering any resis-
tance to the opening of the door. When however the door begins to close under
the influence of the spring B¹ the oil beyond the piston D presses the edges d¹ of
the disc d against the inner surface of the spring barrel B thus preventing the oil
from passing the piston again. The oil can therefore only pass by means of the
small passage d² and owing to its small size this must take place gradually. The
door therefore closes gradually and is prevented from slamming.
In order that the closure of the door may be regulated the connection between
the piston rod E and the bracket F can be varied according to which set of holes f¹ f¹
the pin G is passed through. According to the point of connection it may
arranged so that the door will entirely close or only partially.
The nut serves to keep the pin G in place.
be
In the modified arrangement shown in part in Fig. 3, the oil arrangement is not
employed and instead, a small spring H is arranged to act on the other side of the
piston D. When the piston 1) is nearing the end of the spring barrel B under
the influence of the spring 131 acting to close the door, it comes in contact with the
spring H which offers a certain amount of resistance to ease the movement of the
door when it reaches its extreme position and thus prevent injurious jerking.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is―
(1) An iniproved door closer comprising a fitting A attached to the door frame,
spring barrel B, spring B, piston D, disc d upon the face of the piston D and the
edges of which are bent over in the form of a cup, passage d², piston rod E carry-
ing the piston D and passing through the end of the spring barrel B its outer end e
being enlarged and perforated, and a bracket attached to the door and to which the
end of the piston rod E is attached, all arranged and operating substantially as
described and illustrated and for the purposes specified.
(2) An improved door closer, comprising a fitting A attached to the door frame,
spring barrel B, spring B¹ piston 1, check spring H, piston rod E carrying the
piston D and having its outer end e enlarged and perforated, and a bracket attached
to the door and to which the end e of the piston rod E is attached, all arranged and
operating and illustrated and for the purposes specified.
(3) In a door closer, the combination with the arrangement set forth in Claim 1
or in Claim 2 of a bracket 1 having side pieces f f and holes f¹ fi through them,
and pin G by which the attachment of the piston rod E to the said bracket F can
be varied substantially as described and for the purposes specified.
1
LT1000
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.