Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus used for Galvanizing or Coating Sheets or Plates of Iron, Steel, or other Metals or Alloys with Zinc, or with Tin or Terne Metal, or other Metallic Alloys.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Feb., 1893-Accepted, 27th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus used for Galvanizing or
Coating Sheets or Plates of Iron, Steel, or other Metals or
Alloys with Zinc, or with Tin or Terne Metal, or other Metallic
Alloys.
I HENRY JAMES WALDUCK of Burnt Tree, Tipton in the County of Stafford
Draughtsman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
In the ordinary method of galvanizing or coating sheets or plates of iron steel
or other metals or alloys with zinc or with tin or terne metal the carrying of the
plate or sheet through the bath of melted zinc tin or coating metal is effected by
rolls submerged in the bath. In order to admit of the rolls working in the bath
it has to be made of considerable size and by the motion of the melted metal the
bath is soon injured and its durability diminished. The rolls, gearing and guides
are also injured by the same cause and the removing of the injured parts from the
bath entails considerable expense and loss of time.
In consequence of the presence in the bath of the carrying through rolls there
is a difficulty in removing the accumulated dross from the bath.
The object of my invention is to obviate the defects referred to in galvanizing
or coating machinery or apparatus of the ordinary kind and to economize labour
fuel and coating metal; and my said invention consists of the arrangement herein-
after described of the carrying through rolls and their connections, and the
combination therewith of automatic lifting gear or apparatus hereinafter described
for lifting the sheets or plates being galvanized or coated from the bath. My
improvements may also be used in the coating of sheets or plates with tin or
inetallic alloys.
I will describe my invention as applied to the galvanizing or coating with zinc
of sheets or plates of iron or steel to which it is particularly applicable.
I arrange the pair of rolls by which the sheet or plate is carried through the
bath of melted zinc at the front of the bath (which bath may be about half the
size of the ordinary bath) and at a level higher than the melted zinc, and I connect
the driving shaft of the said rolls, by means of a cross shaft and bevel toothed
gearing with the automatic lifting gear situated at the back of the bath and parallel
with the pair of carrying through rolls at the front of the bath, the said automatic
lifting gear being driven at the same speed as the rolls.
The said automatic lifting gear consists of a barrel around which a rope is coiled,
the said rope passing upwards and over a pulley hanging over the middle of the
bath, the end of the rope carrying a pair of tongs or apparatus for gripping the
plate or sheet as it emerges from the bath.
Curved guides are fixed in the bath for guiding the plate or sheet through the
said bath. These guides pass from the front of the rolls and have such a radius
as will bring the sheet or plate into a position to be gripped by the tongs or
gripping apparatus.
The said barrel turns loosely on the driving axis and is geared to and ungeared
from the said driving axis by means of a friction clutch sliding on the driving
axis, the said clutch working in a clutch box at the end of the barrel. This
sliding clutch is automatically geared to and ungeared from the barrel in the
following manner. At a short distance above the level of the melted metal in the
bath is a lever, the forked arm of which embraces a collar on the sliding clutch.
This lever is connected with a guide near the surface of the metal in the bath into
which guide the coated plate passes as it approaches the surface of the bath.
تيم

page_text: This guide is pressed outwards as the plate passes through it, the return motion
being effected by a coiled spring.
The plate or sheet to be galvanized or coated with zinc having been passed
through the bath by the action of the rolls at the front of the bath, the upper edge
of the plate as it emerges from the bath is seized by the tongs or gripping
apparatus connected with the rope passing over the barrel of the lifting gear. At
the same time the rising coated plate so operates upon the clutch lever, through
the guide, that the sliding clutch is thrown into gear with the barrel and the
latter is rotated for winding the rope upon it for lifting the coated plate from the
bath. After the coated plate has emerged from the bath, the clutch lever is no
longer acted upon, and the said lever is returned to its normal position by the
action of the spring of the guide and the barrel is thrown out of gear with the
driving axis. The rope is now permitted to be payed off the barrel for lowering
the sheet or plate which is then carried away from the bath. The top of the bath
is covered to prevent the oxidation of the coating metal and to preserve its heat.
Dated the 31st day of May 1892.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus used for Galvanizing or
Coating Sheets or Plates of Iron, Steel, or other Metals or
Alloys with Zinc, or with Tin or Terne Metal, or other Metallic
Alloys.
I, HENRY JAMES WALDUCK of Burnt Tree, Tipton in the County of Stafford
Draughtsman do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
In the ordinary method of galvanizing or coating sheets or plates of iron, steel
or other metals or alloys with zinc or with tin or terne metal the carrying of the
plate or sheet through the bath of melted zinc. tin or coating metal is effected by
rolls submerged in the bath. In order to admit of the rolls working in the bath
it has to be made of considerable size and by the motion of the melted metal the
bath is soon injured and its durability diminished. The rolls, gearing and guides
are also injured by the same cause and the removing of the injured parts from the
bath entails considerable expense and loss of time.
In consequence of the presence in the bath of the carrying through rolls there is
a difficulty in removing the accumulated dross from the bath.
The object of my invention is to obviate the defects referred to in galvanizing or
coating machinery or apparatus of the ordinary kind and to economise labour, fuel,
and coating metal; and my said invention consists of the arrangement hereinafter
described of the carrying through rolls and their connections, and the combination
therewith of automatic lifting gear or apparatus hereinafter described for lifting the
sheets or plates being galvanized or coated from the bath. My improvements may
also be used in the coating of sheets or plates with tin or metallic alloys.
I will describe my invention as applied to the galvanizing or coating with zinc
of sheets or plates of iron or steel to which it is particularly applicable.
I arrange the pair of rolls by which the sheet or plate is carried through the
bath of melted zinc at the front of the bath (which bath may be about half the
size of the ordinary bath) and at a level higher than the melted zinc, and I connect
the driving shaft of the said rolls by means of a cross shaft and bevil toothed
gearing, with the automatic lifting gear situated at the back of the bath and
parallel with the pair of carrying through rolls at the front of the bath, the said
automatic lifting gear being driven at the same speed as the rolls. Or the cross

page_text: shaft may be dispensed with, the automatic lifting gear being driven directly from
one of the carrying through rolls.
The said automatic lifting gear consists of a barrel around which a rope (or
chain) is coiled, the said rope passing upwards and over a pulley hanging nearly
over the middle of the bath, the end of the rope carrying a pair of tongs or
apparatus for gripping the plate or sheet as it emerges from the bath.
Curved guides are fixed in the bath for guiding the plate or sheet through the
said bath. These guides pass from the front of the rolls and have such a radius as
will bring the sheet or plate into a position to be gripped by the tongs or gripping
apparatus.
The said barrel turns loosely on a driving axis and is geared to and ungeared
from the said driving axis by means of a friction clutch sliding on the driving
axis, the said clutch working in a clutch box at the end of the barrel. This
sliding clutch is automatically geared to and ungeared from the barrel in the
following manner.
At a short distance above the level of the melted metal in the bath is a lever the
forked arm of which embraces a collar on the sliding clutch. This lever is
connected with a guide near the surface of the metal in the bath into which guide
the coated plate or sheet passes as it approaches the surface of the bath.
This guide is pressed outwards as the plate passes through it, the return motion
being effected by a coiled spring.
The plate or sheet to be galvanized or coated with zinc having been passed
through the bath by the action of the rolls at the front of the bath, the upper edge
of the plate as it emerges from the bath is seized by the tongs or gripping
apparatus connected with the rope passing over the barrel of the lifting gear. At
the same time the rising coated plate so operates upon the clutch lever, through
the guide, that the sliding clutch is thrown into gear with the barrel and the latter
is rotated for winding the rope upon it for lifting the coated plate from the bath.
After the coated plate has emerged from the bath, the clutch lever is no longer
acted upon, and the said lever is returned to its normal position by the action of
the spring of the guide and the barrel is thrown out of gear with the driving axis.
The rope is now permitted to be payed off the barrel for lowering the sheet or
plate which is then carried away from the bath.
The top of the bath is covered with an iron or steel plate to diminish the
oxidation of the coating metal and to preserve its heat.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation; Figure in end elevation; Figure 3
in plan and Figure 4 in longitudinal vertical section, machinery or apparatus
constructed according to my invention for galvanizing or coating sheets or plates
of metal or alloys with zinc or other metal or alloy. The section Figure 4 is taken
in a direction at right angles to that of the carrying through rolls, the said
carrying through rolls being represented in cross section; Figure 5 represents in
side elevation the movable edge guide and parts connected with it drawn to a larger
scale and Figure 6 represents the clutch and portion of the clutch lever drawn to
a larger scale.
The same letters indicate the same parts in the several figures of the drawings.
a, a is the bath containing the melted zinc or coating metal; b, b2 is the pair of
carrying through rolls arranged at the front or entrance side of the bath, the said
rolls being situated above the level of the bath as represented in Figures 1. 2
and 4. The said carrying through rolls b, 63 are supported and turn in the inclined
housings or bearings c, c and at the front of the rolls is a horizontal guide d for
guiding the sheet or plate to them. The two rolls are geared together at both ends
by the spur pinions at e, f and the axis of the lower roll is driven by a band
working over the speed pulleys at 9. At the opposite end of the carrying through
rolls to that at which they are driven is a drum or barrel h for working the lifting
gear of the machinery, the said drum or barrel being driven from the axis of the

page_text: X
lower roll b. The drum or barrel is automatically worked in the manner herein-
after described; i, i, i are curved guides, supported in the bath a by the plates ², ²,
for guiding the plate or sheet through the bath. These guides i, i, i pass from the
front to the back or emerging side of the bath and have the configuration best seen
in Figure 4. At the emerging ends of the curved guides i, i, i and near the
surface of the bath are two trough shaped edge guides marked respectively k
and in which guides k, 1 the edges of the coated plate or sheet engage just
before the plate or sheet emerges from the bath. The edge guide is fixed
and straight but is capable of adjustment to accommodate sheets of different
breadths, and the other edge guide is inclined or curved vertically and is
capable of being pressed outwards as the plate or sheet passes through it. The
return motion of the moveable edge guide k is effected by the coiled spring m
bearing at one end against the guide and at the opposite end against the bath.
The shape of the moveable edge guide k is best seen in the enlarged view
Figure 5, where the said edge guide is represented pressed back and the clutch
lever t, 2 brought into action by the passage of the emerging coated plate
through the said inclined or curved edge guide. When the coated plate leaves
the edge guide k it takes the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 5 and
the clutch lever returns to its normal position. It will thus be understood that
it is through the outward motion of the moveable and inclined or curved edge
guide that the automatic lifting gear is worked the said automatic lifting gear
consisting of the following parts. Around the barrel h. a rope n (or a chain)
is coiled and uncoiled, the said rope passing upwards and over the pulleys n², n³,
the pulley being situated near the middle of the bath at the emerging end.
The end of the rope n is fixed to the slide or carrier working upon the
upright p² (see Figure 4). The said slide or carrier p supports and opens and
closes the pair of tongs or gripping apparatus q the upper long arms of the tongs
passing through a slot in the slide or carrier. The arms of the tongs 9 cross
at the joint as usual. As the slide p is raised on the upright p² the slot in the
said slide moves over and closes the long arms of the tongs, thereby closing their
gripping ends and the further raising of the slide carries the tongs and gripped
plate with it.
When the rope n is payed out the slide p desends upon the upright p² and the
tongs are opened for receiving the emerging edge of the coated plate by
the mechanism best seen in the enlarged views of the tongs represented in the
elevations, taken at right angles to one another, Figures 54 and 5 and in the
plan Figure 5. Near the bottom of the upright p2 is an adjustable collar p³
having a projecting inner side or stop at ps and on the side of the slide is a
lifting lever p, p, which turns on the pin or centre p'. The arm of the
lifting lever is situated at right angles to the part p' and is situated over or in the
path of the stop on the collar p³. At the middle of the lifting lever is a hanging
arm the lower bent end of which is situated under the joint of the tongs.
6
When the sliding arm p descends on the upright p² after the coated plate has
been removed from the tongs and has nearly reached the bottom of the upright p²,
the lifting lever ps p is arrested by the arm ps coming against the stop pof
the collar. The said lifting lever is thereby forced upwards turning on its joint
into the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 5 and the tongs are raised
in the slot in the slide on carrier p and opened for receiving the edge of the
emerging coated plate from the bath. The carrier p and tongs q are not
represented in their lowest position in Figure 4.
When the tongs are to grip
the emerging coated plate they are in the lowered position indicated in dotted lines
in Figure 4. As the carrier p is first lifted from the dotted position by the
rope n, the said carrier closes the tongs which grip the plate or sheet which
has been raised into their lower or gripping ends. On the uncoiling of the rope
from the barrel h, the carrier or slide p descends on the upright and the tongs
being opened by hand the coated plate released and can be removed. Sliding on
the axis h² of the drum or barrel is a grooved collar carrying the friction.

page_text: 2°
clutch r. By the sliding of the friction clutch in one or other direction in the
clutch box s fixed on the axis of the lower roll 6 of the carrying through rolls, the
barrel can be geared to and ungeared from the said lower roll, the said gearing
and ungearing being effected in the following way. Above the bath is a levert t²
turning horizontally on the axis t³, the forked end t2 of the said lever embracing
the sliding collar on the sliding clutch r. The end of the long arm of the clutch
lever is connected by the rod u with the inclined or curved and moveable edge
guide in the bath. As the coated plate approaches the surface of the bath at the
emerging side, the said plate enters and presses outwards the movable edge guide k,
the rod u of which acting on the lever t, 2 causes its forked end t² to operate the
sliding friction clutch and gear the barrel with the lower roll by which it is
driven. On the pressure being taken off the edge guide k by the removal of the
coated plate from it the said guide returns to the normal position indicated in
dotted lines in Figure 5 by the action of the coiled spring m. The clutch
lever t, thereby withdraws the sliding clutch and disconnects the barrel from
the driving roll b.
Connected with the barrel h is a brake wheel 3 over which a brake strap of iron
or steel covered with leather passes, the said brake strap being worked by a lever.
By means of this brake the rotatory motion of the barrel can be regulated or
arrested when necessary.
In order to protect the carrying through rolls b, 2 from dirt, dust, flux or the
like I provide them with shields as represented in the drawing.
The action of the several parts of the machinery is as follows;-
The plate or sheet to be galvanized or coated with zinc or other metal or alloy
is passed by the workman through the horizontal guide d (see Figure 2) and
between the carrying through rolls b, 2 by the action of which the said plate is
pushed or carried through the bath a, being guided in its motion by the curved
guides i, i, i in the bath. The length of the plate or sheet being coated is such
that the forward end of the said plate is seized by the tongs q before the tail end
of the plate leaves the carrying through rolls b, 62. On the front end of the
coated plate emerging from the bath the said end passes into the open tongs q
situated in their lowest position, or the position indicated in dotted lines in
Figure 4. At the same time the rising coated plate presses back the moveable
edge guide k and through the rod u, clutch lever t, t2 and sliding clutch T, gears
the barrel with the rotating lower roll b. The said barrel being thus rotated
winds the rope n upon it and raises the tongs carrier pupon the upright p². As
the said carrier rises it first closes the tongs 7, which seize the edge of the coated
plate and afterwards lifts the said coated plate from the bath. After the coated
plate has emerged from the bath and has left the edge guide k the said guide is
pressed back by its spring m thereby causing the barrel h to be thrown out of gear
with the lower driving axis of the rolls as hereinbefore described. The rope n is
now permitted to be payed off the barrel for lowering the coated sheet or plate
which is then carried away the parts of the automatic lifting gear taking the
positions represented in the drawing.
Instead of arranging the barrel of the automatic lifting gear in line with one of
the carrying through rolls as represented in the drawings the said barrel may be
arranged outside the emerging side of the bath and be connected with the carrying
through rolls by a cross shaft and bevil gearing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim as my
invention of "Improvements in machinery or apparatus used for galvanizing or
coating sheets or plates of iron, steel or other metals or alloys with zinc or with
tin or terne metal or other metallic alloys" ;-
First The combination of a pair of carrying through rolls, external to the
bath, and curved guides in the bath for pushing or carrying and guiding the plate
or sheet through the bath, of automatic lifting gear or apparatus for lifting the

page_text: coated sheet or plate from the bath, the said lifting gear consisting essentially of
clutch mechanism and a barrel or drum on which barrel or drum, a rope or chain
connected to the tongs or gripping apparatus is wound and from which it is
unwound, by the coupling of the said barrel with or uncoupling it from the
carrying through rolls, or a shaft geared to the carrying through rolls, the coupling
of the lifting gear with and the uncoupling of it from the shaft driving it being
automatically effected substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Secondly-The use with the curved guides by which the plate or sheet is
guided, through the bath of a moveable or sliding and curved or inclined edge
guide which is pressed back by the edge of the coated sheet or plate, about to
emerge from the bath, engaging with it, thereby bringing into action the lifting
gear substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, whether the said moveable or sliding edge guide be used with reversing
mechanism of the kind described and represented or with other kinds of mechanism
having the same object.
Dated this Twentieth day of February 1893.
HENRY JAMES WALDUCK.