A NEW MACHINE UPON NEW PRINCIPLES, FOR SPINNING YARN FROM SILK, COTTON, HEMP, Tow, FLAX AND WOOL
Year: 1790

page_text: MURRAY'S SPECIFICATION.
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS THAT I, MATHEW MURRAY,
of Leeds, in the County of York, Whitesmith, send greeting.
WHEREAS Ilis most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the First day of June, in the thirtieth year of His reign, hath
given and granted unto me, the said Mathow Murray, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Mathew Murray, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of them, by myself, themselves, or by my and their
deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, tho said Mathew
Murray, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any timo agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exer-
cise, and vend, within that part of the Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick, his Invention of
having brought to perfection "A NEW MACHINE UPON NEW PRINCIPLES, FOR
SPINNING YARN FROM SILK, COTTON, HEMP, Tow, FLAX, AND WOOL;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if I, tho said Mathew Murray,
should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
should utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said in
part recited Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with, and agreeable to the true

page_text: intent and meaning of the said proviso in the said Letters Patent contained,
I, the said Mathew Murray, do hereby declare that the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is and
are described and ascertained in manner following, that is to say:-
The machine is made and used as hereafter described in the two Drawings
or Plans added hereto, numbered 1 and 2, and severally marked.
Number 1 is a drawing frame, in which a is a crank on the axis of the
front roller f, which, by the rod g, whose pivot h slides in the groove i, turns
the crank, and gives motion to the axis on which the worms b, b, are fixed.
The same motion may be equally well communicated by two or more wheels.
The worms b, b, work a small wheel on the axis of each of the rollers c, c. Round
each of those rollers, and the rollers d, d, revolves a leather strap e, e, which
must be something longer than the fibres of the material to be spun, and which
must be of different breadths according to the quantity of materials that is to
pass through them. Those for the first drawing frame are about six inches
abroad. The rollers c, c, and d, d, are pressed together by four springs, which
are fixed on two flat bars of iron, one above and the other below, in which the
pivots of the rollers c, c, and d, d, run which are not shewn in the Plan, to pre-
vont confusion. The rollers d, d, are wrapped round with woolen yarn or any soft
substance, that they may not hold the sliver so fast but that it may draw freely
from between them. The rollers c, c, and d, d, are perpendicular, and the
rollers are horizontal, consequently at right angles to one another. By this
position the sliver is converged into a point between the rollers, which must
be on a level with the middle of the rollers d, d. Motion being given to the
spinning mills, the material
front rollers (which are weighted) as usual in
to be spun is taken in a sliver made by the card comb or hackel, and being
introduced between the rollers c, c, is carried forwards between the leather
straps e, e, through the rollers d, d, and is drawn out by the front rollers f to a
proper size.
The roving and spinning frames, as to their drawing principles, are made as
above described, except that in the spinning frame, for greater convenience,
the back rollers and leather straps are placed over the front rollers, as repre-
sented in the Drawing numbered 2, and standing at right angles with them,
and are worked by a crank worms and wheels, as already described in the
Drawing frame No. 1. The other parts differ in nothing from the common
spinning machinery.
For some materials and particular kinds of yarn the spinning frames may
be made as described in the Drawing numbered 2, in which a is a double
crank, the same as before described in the Drawing numbered 1, which com-
municates the motion from the roller p to the small axis on which the

page_text: 7, 9, in
wheels b, b, are fixed. The wheels b, 6, work into small wheels (which cannot
be shown in the Plan), which are fixed on a stud to the wheels c, c. The stud
wheels c, c, work into the wheels d, d, d, d, and turn. round the frames
which the back rollers are fixed. e is a wheel. fixed to the rail t, within the
wheel e; the neck of the frame q, q, turns freely round the wheel e; the wheel f
turns as the frame turns round, which, by the small upright shaft and worm h,
gives motion to a wheel on the end of a small roller. On the other end of the
roller is a wheel, working into. another wheel of equal number on another
roller k. Round each. roller revolves a small leather. strap 7, which pass
round two small rollers 2, 1, which are fixed at the bottom of the frame g, and
cannot be shewn in the Plan. The roving bobbins m are supported by forks
fixed to the neck of the frame y and turn round along with it. n is a spring
which presses together the back rollers i and k, the end of it being held down
by a loops about the middle of the framo q. o is a weighted lever which
presses together the front rollers p. Motion being given to the spindles and
roller p, as usual in spinning mills, the roving is introduced through the
neck of the frame 9, through which there is a perforation for that purpose
between the back rollers i and k, and, being carried forwards between the
leather straps r and rollers 7, is drawn out by the roller p to a proper size
for the intended thread, and twisted into a thread by the spindle, as usual.
The back rollers turning round at tho samo time that the sliver is drawing out,
give it one twist in an inch (but may be varied by the number of cogs in the
wheelwork above, according to the different materials to be spun), by which
means the fibres are compleatly contracted, and mado ready to be twisted into
a thread.
The above described machines may be worked or used by a water mill, horse
mill, or any other kind of mill, or by hand.
In witness whercof, I, the said Mathew Murray, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and ninety.
Signed and sealed (being first duly
stampt) in the presence of
W
FENTON,
MATHEW MURRAY. (LS.)
Of Leeds, in the County of York,
Attorney at Law.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of June, in
the thirtieth year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, the said
Mathew Murray came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein con-
tained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the several Statutes made
in. the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen William and Mary
of England, &c., and in the seventeenth and twenty-third years of the reign of
His Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year above mentioned.