IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING BLOCKS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOISTING BLOCKS."
A communication from abroad by Robert L. Shute, of Cincinnati, Ohio,
United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd March 1880.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HOISTING BLOCKS." A communication from abroad by Robert L. Shute,
of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America.
The object is to construct chain hoisting blocks that are easily movable from
place to place to be operated by hand power without the aid of any other separate
device, being complete in themselves. The Invention consists, firstly, in an
improved differential pulley apparatus consisting of a double top block, lower single
block, endless hoisting chain, differentially moving spur geared sheaves, spur
wheels, pinions, and shaft, all combined and operated together; secondly, in the
combination of a grooved chain wheel, chain, shaft, pinions, spur gears, pulleys,
blocks, and chain rove through the pulleys; thirdly, in spur gear wheels of
different diameters in combination with pinions, pulleys, sheave block, having a
single sheave block carrying the two pulleys, endless chain, and shaft; fourthly, in
the combination of an upper double pulley block carrying differentially and
independently moving pulleys, and a lower single sheave block, and an endless
chain rove through the pulleys and sheave; fifthly, in one or more grooved rollers
to form guides for the hoisting chain. The whole may be made of metal, or partly
of metal, and partly of wood.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd
September 1880.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HOISTING BLOCKS." A communication from abroad by Robert L. Shute,
of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America.
The object of this Invention is to construct chain hoisting blocks that are easily
movable from place to place to be operated by hand power without the aid of any
other separate device, being complete in themselves. The Invention consists, 1st,
in an improved differential pulley apparatus consisting of a double top block A,
lower single block B, endless hoisting chain R, differentially moving spur geared
sheaves G, H, spur-wheels C, D, pinions E, F, and shaft I, all combined and
operated together; 2nd, in the combination of the grooved chain wheel M, chain N,
shaft I, pinions E, F, spur gears C, D, pulleys G, H, blocks A and B, and chain R
rove through the pulleys; 3rd, in the spur gear wheels C, D, of different diameter
in combination with the pinions E, F, pulleys, G, H, sheave block B, having a single
sheave block A carrying the two pulleys G, H, endless chain R, and shaft I; 4th,
in the combination of an upper double pulley block A carrying differentially and
independently moving pulleys G, H, and a lower single sheave block B, and an
endless chain R rove through the pulleys and sheave; 5th, in one or more grooved
rollers to form guides for the hoisting chain.
In the Drawing, Figure 1 is an edge view of the chain hoisting block; Figure 2
is a side view of the same; Figure 3 is an edge view of the gear wheels and chain
sheaves of the top block apart from the block-frame and chains; Figure 4 shows
the guide rollers for the hoisting chain.
A represents the top double sheave block, and B the bottom single sheave block
connected by an endless hoisting chain rove through them. The top block is
provided at its top end with a suspending hook Q, and the bottom block has at its
-bottom a hook P for attaching the mass to be lifted. They are operated either
for hoisting or lowering by an endless hand chain N on the sheave M of the top
block. The wheels and hoisting chain sheaves of the block are so arranged and
proportioned as to cause the two chain sheaves G, H, to revolve at velocities
different one from the other, so that the hoisting chain R will be wound up by one
faster than it will be wound off by the other, and vice versa, according as the blocks
are operated for "hoisting" or "lowering." The frames of the top and bottom
blocks should be constructed so as to form guards K, K, for the hoisting chain, and
L', L', for the hand chain for retaining the chains upon their respective sheaves.
The two hoisting chain sheaves G, H, of the top block A. are of equal diameter and
grooved and recessed upon their periphery to fit the links and pitch of the hoisting
chain R., and so as to prevent the chain slipping. On one side of each sheave is a
spur tooth wheel, as indicated at C and D, said wheels differing in diameter to an
extent which will allow of a greater number of teeth being employed in one than
in the other, as shown by the Drawing. These grooved sheaves revolve loosely
upon the pivot pin J independently of each other. The two spur pinions E, F, on
the shaft 1 differ in diameter, and the number of their teeth correspond to the
difference in diameter and number of teeth of the wheels C, D. They are fixed on
the shaft so as to revolve with it, and consequently both make a revolution in the
same time. The pinion E gears with the wheel C, and the pinion F gears with

page_text: the wheel D, thus making two pairs of wheels and pinions, and hence it will be
understood that by each revolution of the pinions E, F, the wheels C, D, with
their respective chain sheaves G, H, will be rotated with speeds different one
from the other, corresponding to the difference in the relative diameter of the
respective pairs of toothed wheels and pinions; also that both chain-sheaves will
revolve in the same direction at the same time either to the right or left. The
end of the pinion shaft I extends through the frame of the block so as to receive
the sheave M which is fixed upon the shaft so as to give motion to it, and has
its periphery grooved, and the sides of the groove provided with projections
spaced to correspond to the pitch of the links of the endless hand chain N to
prevent the chain from slipping. The bottom or single sheave block is in
principle an ordinary single sheave-block, its sheave turning loosely upon its
periphery to fit the hoisting chain, and the block-frame forming a guard for
retaining the chain upon the sheave. The hoisting chain R is endless, and of a
sufficient length to give the desired range in the hoisting capacity of the blocks_as
it is rove through them in a manner which may be explained as follows:-The
chain being endless it is necessary to have the blocks apart and put them together
piece by piece as the chain is rove through them; first, place the chain through
the bottom block B, carry up the chain on one side in the direction of the arrow,
Fig. 1, passing it over the sheave G of the top block and down in the direction of
the arrow 2; second, carry up the chain on the other side in the direction of the
arrow 3, passing it over the sheave H and down in the direction of the arrow 4.
A loop in the chain will thus be formed as at o, which will increase or decrease in
length according as the blocks are operated for hoisting or lowering. Although
the difference in the motion of the two chain sheaves G, H, of the top block, as
herein described, is obtained by a difference in the diameters of the spur wheels
C, D, and the spur-pinions E, F, it is manifest that the same result can be obtained
by making the two chain sheaves G, H, of different diameters, or by a difference in
the diameters of both the chain sheaves and tooth wheels, to the extent necessary
to obtain the power and speed desired. Supposing that the wheels and chain-
sheaves are put in motion by pulling on the hand chain N, it has been explained
that the motion of the two chain sheaves G, H, of the top block will differ one
from the other, and as the hoisting chain will be wound up by one faster than it
will be wound off by the other, the loop in the chain in which the bottom single
sheave-block is suspended will lengthen or shorten, and with it the bottom block B
will be raised or lowered according as the blocks are operated for hoisting or
lowering. To properly guide the chain R one or more grooved rollers L are
arranged in the frame, substantially as shown in Figure 4, or in any other suitable
or convenient manner.
What is claimed as new is as follows:-
1st. The improved differential pulley apparatus consisting of the double top-
block A, lower single block B, endless hoisting chain R, differentially moving spur
geared sheaves G, H, spur wheels C, D, pinions E, F, and shaft I, all combined and
operated substantially as and for the purposes described.
2nd. The combination of the grooved chain wheel M, chain N, shaft I, pinions
E, F, spur gears C, D, pulleys G, H, blocks A, B, and chain R rove through the
pulleys as described, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3rd. The spur gear wheels C and D of different diameters in combination with
the pinions E, F, pulleys G, H, sheave blocks B, having a single sheave block A
carrying the two pulleys G, H, endless chain R, and shaft I, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
4th. The combination of an upper double pulley block A carrying differentially
and independently moving pulleys G, H, and a lower single sheave block B, an
endless chain R rove through the pulleys and sheave in the manner specified, all
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: •
5th. One or more grooved rollers to form guides for the hoisting chain in
combination with the pulley and chain substantially as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said i Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of September, A.D. 1880.
H. J. HADDAN. (L.S.)