Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Nov., 1887
Comp ete Specification Left, 20th Aug., 1888
Comp ete Specification Accepted, 21st Sept., 1888
When the steam is admitted into distributing cylinder L. the steam passes by the
orifices a. which arej in communication with pipe b. connected to the upper part of
cylinder D. making the pistons E & F descend and therefore discharging water
contained under piston F. through the discharge valves C. to the condenser 1. and
thence to the discharge-pipe K. Whilst this effect is being produced in cylinder D.
the steam contained in cylinder D¹ above piston E¹ exhausts through branch b. and
exhaust tube n. and thence to condenser I. producing, by the condensation of steam,

page_text: a vacuum which acts on piston E' and causes it to ascend thus filling cylinder D¹
below piston F¹ through suction valve B¹. As soon as the pistons have run their
course, the levers e & f. being in movement come in contact with pin g. which puts
in motion the pistons of the distributing cylinders L, L' thus opening steam to the
opposite cylinder D¹ and opening exhaust from cylinder D to condenser as above.
Thus the continued motion is carried on, the distributing cylinders supplying steam,
first to one cylinder, and then to the other.
If the cost of fuel is not a matter for consideration the condenser can be suppressed
and then the pump can be constructed with one piston only in each cylinder.
Dated this 21st day of November 1887
E. E. BENEST,
Agent for John Reid.

page_text: I, JOHN REID, of Rio de Janeiro, in the Empire of Brazil, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal, vertical, sectional elevation of my improved pumping
engine.
Figure 2 is a central, vertical, transverse section thereof, taken on the line a-x
Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the pump and condenser, and,
Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken through the condenser and on the line y-y
Figure 1.
The apparatus has a hollow bed or base A, divided by a transverse partition a, into
two chambers B C, opening to water inlets b c to which are fitted series of flap or
check valves B₁ which open upward and control inflow of water to the
chambers B C respectively. At opposite ends of the bed A and preferably directly
over the inlets bc two cylinders DE are supported and between these cylinders the
condenser F is also supported on the bed. The cylinders D E open at their bottoms
for direct and free inlet of water to them from the chambers B C respectively and
the condenser communicates with the chambers B C respectively by inlets g h con-
trolled by valves G H made like those B (above mentioned. The cylinders DE
are provided respectively with two pistons D1 D2 and E¹ E' which are respectively
held to two rods de, which are connected to the opposite ends of a beam I which is
preferably made in the skeleton form shown and is fulcrumed at i in bearings on
pillow blocks J J mounted on a plate j which forms cap or top plate of the condenser.
The condenser F is made with an outer case preferably having the elongated form
most clearly shown in Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings and provided with upper and
lower transverse or horizontal partitions f¹ f' forming chambers F1 F2 at the bottom
and top of the condenser and which have communication with each other only through
a series of pipes or tubes f which are expanded into the plates f1 f and provide
around and between them and between the upper and lower plates f¹³ a space or
chamber to receive the steam exhausted from the pump cylinders D E in a manner
presently explained. A flanged collar F³ fixed to the upper part of the body of the
condenser communicates with the upper chamber F¹ thereof and is the outlet for the
water forced upward through the condenser tubes f. Manhole plates f³ f* fitted at
the top and bottom parts of the condenser give access to its chambers F¹ F2 and
the valves G H for inspection, cleaning or repair of the parts.
Separate steam inlet and exhaust valves are provided for each of the main
cylinders DE of the apparatus and the pair of valves for each cylinder are connected
to a stem actuated from the walking beam I as next described.
The steam and exhaust piston valves K L for the cylinder D are fixed at some
distance apart upon a rod m which passes through stuffing boxes on the heads of a

page_text: cylinder M to the bore of which the valves K L are fitted and the steam and exhaust
piston valves NO for the cylinder E are fixed at some distance apart upon a rod p
which passes through stuffing boxes on the heads of a cylinder P to the base of which
the valves NO are fitted. The steam piston valves K N are larger in diameter than
the exhaust piston valves L O and the cylinders M P have larger and smaller bores or
chambers receiving the larger and smaller valves and forming respectively the live
steam and exhaust steam chambers of the cylinders. The live steam chambers of the
valve cylinders M P have ports kn respectively which open to opposite ends of a main
steam supply pipe R common to both valve cylinders and having a neck for con-
nection of a steam supply. pipe leading from a steam boiler not shown; and the exhaust
steam chambers of the valve cylinders M P have ports lo respectively which open to
the upper ends of pipes ST respectively which are connected to the cylinders M P
and pass thence downward and are fixed to the end walls of the condenser at points
about midway between the upper and lower tube plates f¹f thereof and open into or
communicate with the steam receiving chamber surrounding the pipes f and between
the plates ff of the condenser, ports V V connecting the cylinders DE respectively
with the piston valve cylinders M P respectively provides for passage of both live and
exhaust steam to and from the main steam cylinders D E of the apparatus as herein
after more fully explained.
To operate the two series of piston valves automatically I connect their aligned
stems m P with the opposite ends of a yoke or link W which is provided with a
couple of cross bars w w between which enters the pendant stem or lower part of a
lever X which is fulcrumed on a shaft or bar X¹ fitted in the pillow blocks J J and
engages by its upper end the slotted extremity of a pendant arm Y fixed to the central
hub bearing of the walking beam I and whereby as the beam is rocked by the main
cylinder pistons its arm Y will act alternately on the two cross bars w w of the
yoke W and thereby actuate the piston valves K L N O to alternately admit steam to
and exhaust it from the main steam cylinders D E as hereinafter described.
A pump Z which may have any approved construction is operated by a rod z
connected to the beam I and discharges water of condensation from the steam chamber
of the condenser.
The operation of the duplex pump and condenser is as follows. With the valve in
the position shown in Figure 1 of the drawings live steam is entering the ports k in
the valve cylinder M from the pipe R and is passing through the port U into the
main cylinder D and at the same time the pistons E E' in the main cylinder E are
moving upward and exhausting through the main port V and through the ports o in
the valve cylinders P into the pipe T and thence to the steam chamber of the
condenser F.
By the time the pistons D1 D2 in the cylinder D have performed part of their stroke
the valve K has covered the steam ports and the rest of the stroke is performed by
the expansion of the steam already in the cylinder the valves however continue to be
moved by the arm X until the end of the stroke. At the end of the stroke the
exhaust ports o of the cylinder P have been closed by the valve O and the steam
ports n are just beginning to open; immediately this takes place the pressure of the
steam by reason of the area of the valve N being greater than the area of the valve O
forces the valves and the rods and n to continue their travel in the same direction
as before until the valves are arrested by stops at the ends of the cylinders M and P.
The exhaust ports and the steam ports n are now fully open the steam ports k and
the exhaust ports o being closed and the pressure of steam keeps the valves in this
position until they are again shifted by the arm X coming against the other yoke w.
On the return stroke and after valves L K N O are shifted by the walking beam
through the medium of the arm Y lever X and yoke W and the differential pressure
of the steam on the pistons L and N the ports ko will be closed to live steam and
exhaust and live steam will then enter the ports n of cylinder P from the pipe R and
will pass through the port V to the main cylinder E to drive its pistons E E' down-
wards and raise the pistons D1 D2 in the opposite cylinder D whilst the steam is
.. exhausting from the latter .cylinder through its port. U. and the ports into the

page_text: pipes S and thence to the steam chamber of the condenser and when the valves are
again shifted the valve cylinder ports ko will again be opened and live steam will
enter the cylinder D while steam is exhausting from the cylinder E as first described
and so on the live steam entering one main cylinder while it is exhausting from the
other main cylinder and the two cylinders alternately exhausting into the condenser.
The steam valves L K NO are held to their stems m p by nuts fitted to the stems at
each side of each valve as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, thus allowing the
valves to be shifted on their stems to control their range of movement relatively to
the parts I kno to secure the highest economy in working the live steam in the main
cylinders, and providing for free exhaust of steam therefrom.
Water is supplied to the surface condenser F for condensing the exhaust steam by
the operation of the two lower pistons D' E' in the main cylinders D E in connection
with the automatic working of the valves B' C¹ G H as next described.
As the main piston D¹ and connected piston D³ rise in the cylinder D the vacuum
produced below the piston D* causes the valves B' in the chamber B to open, and
water flows into this chamber, and when the pistons D¹ D' descend the valves B¹ will
close and the piston D2 will force the water from the chamber B through the opening g
past the then open valves G into the lower chamber F2 of the condenser and thence
through the tubes fand out at the opening F³ the action of the piston E³ in the other
main cylinder E is practically the same, the water is admitted past the open valves C¹
into the chamber C when the piston rises and as the piston is lowered the valves C₁.
close and the water is forced through the opening past the then open valves H into
the condenser chamber F1 and thence through the tubes f to the chamber F2 and
outlet F³. It is obvious that as water is filling into one of the chambers B or C it is
being forced from the other of the two chambers in the condenser which thus receives
a constant water supply for effectively condensing the exhaust steam and the water
of the condensation is taken from the steam chamber to the condenser by the
pump Z.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A double acting pumping engine having two cylinders each with two pistons
fixed to the same rod or one long piston and receiving steam at one end and water
at the other a surface condenser cooled by the water in its passage to the outlet and
valves automatically worked by the motion of the beam substantially as described.
2. In engines of the type referred to in the first claim the use of a pair of valves
moved for part of their travel by the beam or other moving part each valve consisting
of two pistons one to cover the steam inlet and the other to cover the exhaust the
area of the first piston being greater than the area of the second so that immediately
the steam inlet begins to be uncovered the difference of the pressure on the two pistons
tends to force the valves fully over substantially as described.
3. My improved pumping engine substantially as described and shown in the
drawings.
ימ
TL 1000