Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Wheat, Brewers' Grains, Fish Guano, and other Substances.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 31st Jan., 1898-Accepted, 5th Mar., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Wheat, Brewers' Grains,
Fish Guano, and other Substances.
We, JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY, of 5, Dewhurst Road, West Kensington,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, and ARTHUR WELLESLEY MAXWELL, of
75, Burntash Road, Lee, in the County of Kent, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to apparatus for drying various materials, a few of which
would be wheat, brewer's grains, and fish guano.
In carrying out the invention we employ a pan or vessel of suitable dimensions
preferably a deep somewhat narrow pan of considerable length with a rounded
bottom and adapted to be heated by steam in a jacket or by the direct application
of fire or by other suitable means. The vessel is closed in at top with a cover
which may be removable if desired and means are provided for withdrawing the
steam and vapour produced in the operation; convenient means being the employ-
ment of a steam jet or ejector or other means may be employed.
In the circular bottom portion of the apparatus is placed a worm conveyor prefer-
ably having the worm divided into separate veins, so as to turn over and stir up
and mix the materials as well as to draw them along to the discharge end of the
apparatus.
Suitably placed in the vessel are nozzles or jets delivering compressed air into
the mass of material under treatment; conveniently these are placed between the
veins of the worm conveyor, but they may be otherwise disposed if desired. The
air may be heated as well as compressed and besides assisting in mixing and
drying the materials, it has the advantage of also mixing with the steam given off
from the materials under treatment and thus enabling the fumes to be burnt.
If preferred the shaft which carries the worm may be hollow, as also may be
the veins of the worm, the compressed air being led to the hollow shaft and
delivered amongst the materials by suitable perforations or openings in the shaft
or blades or both.
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Wheat, Brewers' Grains,
Fish Guano, and other Substances.
We, JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY, of 5, Dewhurst Road, West Kensington,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, and ARTHUR WELLESLEY MAXWELL, of
[Price 8d.]

page_text: .
75, Burntash Road, Lee, in the County of Kent, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for drying various materials, a few of which,
for example, would be wheat, brewers grains, and fish guano.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 illustrates diagrammatically and in perspective a drier constructed
according to this invention.
Figure 2 is a view showing a pair of such driers arranged and operated in a
manner which is found to be particularly advantageous.
With reference first to Figure 1, A is a pan of suitable dimensions, preferably a
deep and somewhat narrow pan of considerable length having a rounded bottom A¹
and adapted to be heated by steam in a jacket A³ or by the direct application of
fire or by other means. The vessel is closed at the top by a cover B which may be
removable if desired, and means are provided for withdrawing the steam and
vapour produced in the operation of the apparatus; one convenient means accord-
ing to this invention is the employment of a steam jet or ejector C in exit-pipes B¹
leading out of the top of the cover B.
In the rounded bottom portion of the apparatus is placed a worm conveyor D,
preferably having the worm divided into separate vanes D' so as to turn over,
stir-up and mix the materials as well as to draw them along to the discharge end
of the apparatus, which is removed in the figure and which would have a suitable
exit opening.
Nozzles or jets E are provided for delivering compressed air into the mass of
material X, under treatment. Conveniently these nozzles or jets are placed
between the sets of vanes on the worm conveyor, but they may be otherwise
disposed if desired. The air entering by the nozzles E may be heated as well as
compressed; besides assisting in mixing and drying the materials the air mixes
also with the steam given off from them whilst under treatment, and thus the
resulting fumes forced out at the exit pipes B¹ by the ejectors C can be burned so
as to prevent the emission of any offensive odours from the apparatus.
If preferred the worm shaft may be hollow, as also may be the vanes of the
worm, compressed air being in such a case led into the hollow shaft and delivered
in the mass of material X by suitable perforations or openings in the shaft or
vanes or both.
With reference now to Figure 2 which illustrates in plan a preferred arrange-
ment of a pair of such driers, it will be seen that the pans A are placed side by
side and are connected to each other at opposite ends by cross passages A³, and the
conveyors D are delivering in opposite directions as indicated by the arrows d
which encircle their shaft D in the figure. Or instead of driving the conveyors
in opposite directions they may both be driven in the same direction provided that
one has a right handed worm thread upon it and the other a left handed thread.
The drier thus arranged and operated, the material is kept circulating continu-
ously through the pair of driers, and its treatment therein can be continued for
any desired time.
The desired circulation of the material might be obtained by employing a
central stirrer delivering into and so drawing its supply from two side stirrers, or
any other combination of driers may be adopted to give the desired result, that is
to say, to keep the material in circulation and thus obviate the necessity which
exists in a single drier of withdrawing the treated material as soon as it has
travelled the length of the drier if it is desired that it should be further treated.
It is advantageous to be able to secure a circulation, for in cases where the
driers are heated by hot gases passing through flues over which they lie, a single
passage of the material through the drier is not of sufficient duration to enable the
moisture to be properly eliminated from it,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. In a drier the combination with a long narrow vessel having a rounded
bottom, of a worm or stirrer such as D lying lengthwise along that bottom for
the purpose described.
2. In a drier of the kind described a perforated shaft or worm, or nozzles or
jets for delivering air into the mass of material under treatment in the apparatus
substantially as described.
3. In a drier the combination with a long narrow vessel having a rounded
bottom, of a worm or stirrer such as D lying lengthwise along that bottom, and
nozzles for delivering air into the material under treatment substantially as
described.
4. In a drier of the kind described the combination of an exit such as B' and an
ejector such as C for the purpose described.
5. Two or more driers of the kind described so combined as to enable the material
therein to be continuously circulated substantially as described.
Dated this 31st day of January 1898.
JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY.
ARTHUR WELLESLEY MAXWELL.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicants.
JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY.
ARTHUR WELLESLEY MAXWELL.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicants.