A New or Improved Apparatus for Fining Beers and other Liquors in Cask, applicable also for Priming and Filling Up Casks.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Aug., 1894-Accepted, 29th Sept.,
1894
PROVISIONAL DILIFICATION.
A New or Improved Apparatus for Fining Beers and other Liquors
in Cask, applicable also for Priming and Filling Up Casks.
I, JOHN GIBSON CROSSMAN, of 2, Black Rock Road, in the City and County
of Cork, Ireland, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
I will describe my invention in reference to beer, though it is applicable to other
liquors.
According to the present usual method of fining beer in cask, a quantity of beer
is first removed, the finings are then measured out more or less roughly and
poured into the cask, the beer is then agitated mechanically, after which the cask
is filled up again with beer and then shived up ready for issue. The objections to
this method are that the operations are not accurately performed, both finings
and beer are generally wasted, and much time and labour are expended upon the
operation.
The object of my invention is to remedy these defects and also to secure other
advantages, and to this end I provide a portable hand pump or syringe of suitable
size to forcibly inject any required quantity of finings into any cask or casks when
full and without previous withdrawal of beer, and at the same time to receive and
contain the volume of beer displaced therefrom; thus the measurement is accurate
and there is no waste of materials or time or labour.
The apparatus consists of the usual pump cylinder, or barrel fitted with piston
rod, handle, cover and collar, and with a projecting delivery nozzle. The part
intended to rest in the bung-hole is furnished with a thimble carrying a coned
rubber ring adapted to fit any bung-hole and make a tight joint, an annular space
intervening between said thimble and nozzle. The delivery nozzle is perforated
suitably, and the annular space within the thimble is connected by a suitably
arranged side tube or tubes to the space above the said piston. An adjusting nut
or equivalent device may be placed upon the piston rod for regulating the volume
of the contents to be delivered.
In use the finings are first drawn into the cylinder, the nozzle is then passed
into the full cask, the rubber ring resting in the bung-hole and ensuring a tight
joint. The finings are then injected into the cask, the displaced beer passing up
the annulus surrounding the nozzle and the connecting tube or tubes into the upper
part of the cylinder above the piston and remaining therein.
Thus the whole operation is performed by one manual action, no finings or beer
are wasted, the admixture is complete without further agitation since the finings
are forced through the perforations in fine streams into the body of the beer, and
the cask is left full ready for shiving up. The beer received by and retained in
the syringe may be forced out into any suitable receptacle by simply raising the
piston.
The apparatus is also applicable for filling up casks or introducing priming or
other added liquid.
Dated this 31st day of January 1894

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Apparatus for Fining Beers and other Liquors
in Cask, applicable also for Priming and Filling Up Casks.
I, JOHN GIBSON CROSSMAN, of 2, Black Rock Road, in the City and County
of Cork, Ireland, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:--
I will describe my invention in reference to beer though it is applicable also to
other liquors.
According to the present usual method of fining beer in cask a quantity of beer
is first removed, the finings are then measured out more or less roughly and
poured into the cask, the beer is then agitated mechanically, after which the cask
is filled up again with beer and then shived up ready for issue. The objections to
this method are that the operations are not accurately performed, both finings and
beer are generally wasted and much time and labour are expended upon the
operation.
The object of my invention is to remedy these defects and also to secure other
advantages, and to this end I provide a portable hand pump or syringe of suitable
size to forcibly inject and mix any required quantity of finings into any cask or
casks when full and without previous withdrawal of beer, and at the same time to
receive and contain the volume of beer displaced therefrom; thus the measurement
is accurate and there is no waste of materials or time and labour.
I will fully describe my invention in reference to the accompanying figures.
The apparatus consists of a pump cylinder or barrel A, fitted with a piston or
plunger B and piston rod b, handle 6, covers C and C₁, the top cover Chaving a
packed joint at c, and the lower one C' carrying the projecting delivery nozzle D and
a thimble E which is fitted with rubber ring E¹, held in position by a screw
washer e, and tapered and adapted to fit any bung hole and make a tight joint.
The delivery nozzle is perforated at d or thereabouts, and an annular space S
intervenes between said thimble E and nozzle D, which space is connected by one
or more side tubes such as T to the upper part H of the cylinder A above the said
plunger B. An adjusting nut or device 62 may be placed upon the piston rod b for
regulating the volume of contents to be delivered.
In operation the finings are drawn into the cylinder A by the instroke of the
plunger B the nozzle D is then passed through the bung hole into the full cask X,
the rubber ring E' resting in the bung hole a and ensuring a tight joint.
The finings contained in the cylinder A are then expelled by the outstroke of the
piston B and forcibly injected into the cask, the displaced beer or liquid passing
up the annular space S surrounding the nozzle D and through the side tube or
tubes T into the space H above the plunger B and remaining therein. Thus the
whole operation is performed by one manual action, no finings or beer are wasted,
the admixture is complete without further agitation, since the finings are forcibly
ejected through the perforations d in fine streams into the body of the beer, and
the cask is left full, ready for shiving up. The beer received by and retained in
the cylinder A will be forced out by the next instroke of the piston B through the
tubes T and space S and received and saved in any suitable receptacle.
It will be obvious that the apparatus is also applicable for filling up casks or
introducing priming or other added liquid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The construction substantially as herein described in reference to the figures

page_text: of an apparatus for the purposes specified wherein by one instroke of the piston a
charge of finings or other liquid is drawn into the cylinder, and by the return
stroke the said charge is forcibly expelled into the cask of beer or the like, the
fluid displaced thereby passing to the space above the piston substantially as set
forth.
2. The apparatus constructed substantially as and for the purposes hereabove