AN APPARATU FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER BY MEANS OF WATER OR OTHER FLUID
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Guillaume, of the Town and County of the
Town of Southampton, Architect, for the Invention of "AN APPARATU
FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER BY MEANS OF WATER OR OTHER FLUID."
Sealed the 14th April 1857, and dated the 15th October 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Guillaume at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th October 1856:
I, GEORGE GUILLAUME, of the Town & County of the Town of Southampton,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
ÄPPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER BY MEANS OF WATER OR OTHER FLUID,"
to be as follows:-To bring into more effective and general use the power
of the rise and fall of the tide, the water from reservoirs, running streams, and
other sources, or other substitute liquids, and may be applied to mills, pumps,
or other machinery.
The apparatus is composed of tubes, either of metal, wood, or other material,
and the motion is regulated by a series of valves or flaps, with catches and
connecting rods, ropes, or wires, and may be constructed with or without floats.
It consists of a vessel mounted on a horizontal axis, having an inlet for water
at one end. It is furnished with horizontal arms, projected at right angles to
the axis. These arms are furnished with inlet and outlet valves, which admit
the water alternately to opposite arms; they are also furnished with valves,
which permit the escape of the water from the arms at the proper time.

page_text: The action is this:-The central vessel oscillates on its axis, the arms alter-
nately rising and falling, which action is induced by the admission of water
to the one arm when at the highest point of its motion; the escape valve
is opened simultaneously therewith in the opposite and lower arm, the lower
arm being emptied of its contents and the higher one filled from the vessel.
The weight of the arm so charged with water preponderates, and causes the
machine to oscillate and perform the full extent of its motion, when a change
in the valves takes place and induces the opposite oscillation, and so on.
The supply of water must always be sufficient to fill the centre vessel, and
power may be derived from the oscillations of its axis in proportion to the
extent of the machine and the quantity of water passing. through it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Guillaume in the Great Seal Patent Office the
14th April 1857.
on
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
GUILLAUME, of the Town and County of the Town of Southampton, Architect,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the. said George. Guillaume, Her special licenco that I, the said George
Guillaume, my executors, administrators and assigns, or such others as I, the
said George Guillaume, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter,
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN APPARATUS
FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER BY MEANS OF WATER OR OTHER FLUID," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Guillaume, my executors,
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, .or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the.nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: * NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Guillaume, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the two Sheets of Drawings hereunto
annexed; and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to an apparatus which I denominate an hydraulic
lever, which is adapted to bring into more effective and general use the power
of the rise and fall of the tide, the water from reservoirs, running streams, of
other sources, or other substitute liquids, and may be applied to mills, pumps,
or other machinery.
The principal advantages afforded by the use of the apparatus of my
Invention are the following:
Firstly, the great power that may be obtained with a small fall of water,
particularly by the use of the oscillating principle.
Secondly, its adaptation to attain power, not only from running streams
or water from reservoirs, but from the rise and fall of the tide.
Thirdly, its applicability as a motive power, not only for the working of
mills or other machinery, but by the direct action of the oscillating motion
it is particularly suited for pumping.
Fourthly, the ready adaptation of the same principle either to the oscillating
or rotary motion.
..Fifthly, its simplicity and cheapness of construction.
The Invention consists of a horizontal tube or chamber, with two or more:
arms. or tubes extended therefrom, fitted with valves or flaps, catches, and
connecting rods, chains, ropes, or wires, and with or without floats, and may
be constructed of wood, metal, or other material, braced to any required
degree of strength. The central tube or vessel is mounted on a horizontal
axis or fulcrum of support, and having an inlet for water at one or both ends.
It is furnished with horizontal arms, projected at right angles to the axis.
These arms are furnished with inlet valves and openings, which admit the
water alternately to opposite arms; they are also furnished with valves,
which permit the escape of the water from the arms at the proper time.
The action is this:-The central vessel oscillates on its axis or fulcrum
of support, the arms alternately rising and falling, which action is induced
by the admission of water to the one arni when at the highest point of its
motion; the escape valve is opened simultaneously therewith in the opposite
and lower arm, the lower arm being empted of its contents and the higher.
one filled from the vessel or central compartment.
The weight of the arm
so charged, with water preponderates, and causes the machine to oscillate.

page_text: and perform the full extent of its motion, when a change in the valves again
takes place and induces the opposite oscillation, and so on. The supply of
water must always be sufficient to fill the centre vessel, and power may be
derived from the oscillations of its axis in proportion to the extent of the
machine and the quantity of water passing through it. Instead of having 5
simply an oscillating motion, with modifications and additions, a rotatory
motion may be produced. To effect this, I employ a number of chambers or
arms, radiating from the centre of tho vessel and dividing the circle equally;
these are filled with water in regular succession, and thereby keeping the pre-
ponderance of weight always on one side of the centre, and thus inducing
the rotary motion required.
In order that the Invention may be more fully understood I have hereunto
annexed two Drawings, one shewing an apparatus for the oscillating and
the other for the rotary motion, with letters of reference marked thereon cor-
responding to the letters herein.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents a transverse section of the oscillating lever,
constructed according to my Invention.
To produce the oscillating motion, I mount and fix two arms or tubes A, A',
endwise to the opposite sides of a horizontal tube B, in which a constant.
supply of water or other suitable fluid is maintained. The alternate motion
is kept up by one arm being filled while the other discharges, which is
accomplished by means of flaps or valves with suitable catches and connecting
rods. '
:
On the depression of one arm taking place, the catch C is struck by a bar
fixed at a given point, or it may be actuated by a chain or cord D suspended
from a fixed point, so as to open the flap E at the proper time, and imme-
diately the flap or escape valve E opens and the water discharges. The two
outer flaps E, E, and the centre flap or valve F are connected by rods or
cords G, G, so that the whole move simultaneously; one flap E closes as
the other opens, while at the same time the centre flap or valve F regulates
the passage of water accordingly, and opens admission to the raised arm A¹,
and at the same time cutting. off any further admission of water to the
depressed arm A. When either arm arrives at or near its lowest descent
this change takes place, consequently the depressed arm discharges while
the other fills, and the alternate action is kept up by the gravity of water. in
the elevated arm, aided by the vis viva of the discharge. The horizontal
tube is supported on an axle, or a strong bearer or fulcrum II, on which it

page_text: oscillates, and is supplied with water at one or both ends by a hose, or other
means of conveyance, or the end or ends of the tube itself may be immersed
in the water, as may be found most convenient, sticks, weeds, or other floating
bodies being excluded by perforated strainers or gratings.
Figure 2, Sheet 2, represents a modification of apparatus, constructed
according to my Invention, in which rotary motion is induced.
Rotary motion is obtained by means of more than two arms with valves
and catches, whose action is somewhat similar to those above described for
producing the oscillating motion; but in this case the valves T and V partly
act by reason of their own gravity; but if desired connecting rods may be
fitted to unite them and render their action simultaneous and unerring.
In the Drawing, Figure 2, Z is the horizontal supply tube or chamber;
Y, Y, Y, the arms; X, a fixed axle, mounted in suitable bearings of support,
and having a fixed arm or cam W furnished with a roller to close the flaps
or valves V at the proper point of the revolution. The outer flap T* opens
by the striking of the catch S* against a fixed bar R, at or near the same
time the valve V* closes. If connecting rods are not used to connect the
flaps T, their opening is limited by a chain or cord Q, to ensure their taking
the proper angle during the discharge of the water.
similarly fitted with flaps T, catches S, and valves V.
in turn come in contact with the fixed bar R, and the valves V with arm W,
to open the first and close the latter at the proper time.
Each of the arms are
Each of the catches S
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim as my Invention,
to be secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,
the construction and arrangement of apparatus herein-before described, and
represented in the Drawings hereunto annexed, in which an oscillatory
motion or a rotatory motion is induced and motive power obtained by water
or other fluid admitted from a central vessel or chamber into arms radiating
therefrom, controlled and regulated as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, George Guillaume, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
GEORGE GUILLAUME. (L.S.)