IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY, AND MEANS FOR UTILIZING THE SAME IN PRODUCING THE ELECTRIC LIGHT
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Robert Moffatt and Sylvester Chichester, both
of the City of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings and State of New York,
one of the United States of America, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND APPERTAINING TO APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY, AND
MEANS FOR UTILIZING THE SAME IN PRODUCING THE ELECTRIC LIGHT."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Robert Moffatt and
Sylvester Chichester at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
9th August 1881.
RICHARD ROBERT MOFFATT and SYLVESTER CHICHESTER, both of the City of
Brooklyn, in the County of Kings and State of New York, one of the United
States of America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO APPARATUS FOR
GENERATING ELECTRICITY, AND MEANS FOR UTILIZING THE SAME IN PRODUCING
THE ELECTRIC LIGHT."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in magneto-electric machines for
the conversion of mechanical into electrical-energy, and in electric-lamps or
regulators for producing the electric-light. It consists, first, in a novel combination
and arrangement of a rotating cylindrical armature having its greatest length of
cross-section parallel with its axis, and mounted upon a central hub or carrier with
the poles of the exciting or field magnets made and arranged in such manner
that they will envelop a larger portion of both the inner and outer surfaces of the
armature cylinder, thus exercising a more perfect action upon it than in machines
heretofore employed, and reducing the amount of non-active or resistant wire.
therein to a minimum; second, also in improvements in the construction of the
armature core, and in the application of iron lugs or extensions upon both the
inner and outer surfaces of the core at intervals, so as to cause the latter to be
more highly charged with the magnetism in the poles by its closer metallic-
proximity; third, in improvements in the construction of regulating mechanism in
the lamp, consisting of electro-magnets located in the main or arc circuit, and
others in a shunt or derived circuit around the arc, said electro magnets being
arranged to act upon the opposite extremities of a tilting or rocking armature in
such a manner, that the poles of a like nature in each magnet will operate upon
the same armature, so that the elements of repulsion in magnetism of a like
polarity will be utilized in controlling the movements of the armature, and the

page_text: feeding of the carbons (through suitable mechanism for that purpose) as they are
consumed; fourth, in improvements in the construction of regulating mechanism
in the lamp consisting of electro-magnets located in the main or arc circuit, and in
& shunt or derived circuit around the arc, said electro-magnets being arranged to
act upon armatures mounted upon a tilting or rocking frame in such a manner
that the attractive properties only of each electro-magnet will act upon to operate
and control the movement of the tilting or rocking armature frame and suitable
mechanism combined therewith, for the purpose of regulating the feeding of the
carbons as they are consumed.
The first part of this Invention has for its object the arrangement of the exciting
or inducing poles of the field-magnets with the insulated wire bobbin of the
armature, that the latter will have more of its surface exposed to the direct action
of the former, thus utilizing it to a greater degree in producing electrical energy,
and at the same time reducing in a like degree the amount of wire that heretofore
has been an element of resistance within the armature.
The second part of this Invention has for its object the production of an armature
core (upon which the wire bobbins are arranged), said core is made in sections and
mounted upon a central provision to adapt it to the action of the enveloping poles
of the field-magnets, so that the latter will act upon a greater surface of the
bobbins; also in means for charging it strongly with magnetism by lugs or
extension provisions upon its inner and outer surface.
The third part of this Invention has for its object the combining of electro-
magnets located in the main and in a shunt or derived circuit, with a tilting or
rocking armature that the properties of magnetic repulsion will enter into, and
operate and control (through suitable mechanism) the feeding of the carbon
electrodes as they are consumed.
The fourth part of this Invention has for its object the combining of electro-
magnets located in the main and in a shunt or derived circuit around the arc, with
armatures mounted upon a tilting or rocking frame arranged so that the properties
of magnetic attraction only will be utilized for the purpose of moving and con-
trolling (through suitable mechanism) the feeding of carbon electrodes as they are
consumed.
In the construction of our improved electric machine the armature is made
cylindrical, having its greatest length of cross-section parallel with its axis. It is
built up of a great number of pieces grouped and secured together (with intervals
or openings between them) in such a manner as to form segments upon which the
bobbins are placed. Several of these segments complete the armature circle, the
whole being secured to and mounted on a central carrier or hub by means of iron
lugs or strips placed at intervals upon the periphery of the armature. Other
similar lugs or strips are secured upon the inner surface of the armature; they are
all made and applied in such a manner as to act as extensions to the armature core,
causing the latter to be in close metallic proximity to the poles of the field-magnet,
and to be consequently more highly charged with its inagnetism. The central
carrier hub is mounted upon a journal, as is also the commutator. The armature
wire may be connected up in any desired manner either in open or in closed circuit,
and its terminals are made to extend from the centre of the armature to its
commutator connections... The carrier-hub is made of brass or other suitable
(non-magnetic) metal; it is made in a form that will occupy as little space as
possible with sufficient strength to secure and hold the armature in its operation ;
it is centrally located within the armature cylinder, the latter being firmly secured
to it by screws, the latter also passing through and securing the lugs or strips in
place. The poles of the exciting or field-magnets are so formed that they extend
over the periphery of the armature in the ordinary manner. These poles are
provided with provisions which are made to extend towards the carrier hub.along
the inner surface of the armature. By this arrangement of the poles and inner
pole extension of the field magnets, the armature operates within a very strong
magnetic field, and a greater amount of the armature wire is covered by the

page_text: inducing poles, causing it to become active in producing electricity and thus
reducing the resistance in the armature wire.
In the construction of the lamp the frame is supported by a wooden or other
suitable plate, so as to insulate it from the upper carbon holder. To this plate is
secured a tube by which the lamp is suspended, the carbon holder extends into and
is enveloped by this tube. Near the lower end of the tube is a support on which
are mounted two electro-magnets, one on either side of the tube. Below these are
placed the armature, the latter pivotted at its centre and arranged so as to have a
tilting or rocking movement. An adjusting screw or pin is located beneath one
end of the armature so as to limit its movement, the other end of the armature
rests upon one end of a small lever which has its other end bearing upon the
upper carbon holder. Any suitable means known in the arts can be applied to
the upper carbon holder for allowing it to move downward slowly when it is not
clamped by the armature-lever. The electro-magnet over the end of the armature,
where the adjusting screw or pin is located, is wound with suitable wire and is
included in the main or arc circuit, the other magnet is wound with a great length
of fine wire so as to give great resistance. This magnet is located in a shunt or
derived circuit that avoids the arc. These electro-magnets are so arranged that
the poles of a like polarity will be opposite to and act upon one and the same
armature. A third electro-magnet is placed in the base of the frame, and its
armature is made to support and operate the lower carbon holder for the purpose
of producing the arc. In the operation of this device the electric current enters
the lamp through the proper counection, and causes the electro-magnets located in
the main circuit to act, the upper one to attract one end of the tilting armature
which brings pressure upon the lever, and the upper carbon holder preventing the
latter from moving; the other magnet separates the carbons which establishes the
arc, the size of which can be regulated by means of an adjusting device for that
purpose as will be readily understood; when the size of the arc increases. (by the
consumption of the carbon), the resistance therein increases also, which will
weaken the magnetic power of the magnets in the main circuit, at the same time
it causes more electricity to flow through the shuut or derived circuit, thus
increasing the magnetic force of the electro-magnet located therein until its power
is sufficiently strong to operate the armature against the action of the other magnet
relieving the pressure upon the lever and upper carbon holder, freeing the latter,
which moves downward; this movement decreases the arc, the resistance in the
main circuit, the power of the shunt magnet, and at the same time increases the
magnetic power of the other magnet which acts to stop and hold the upper carbon
holder as heretofore described. If the arc is broken by intent or otherwise the
lower magnet ceases to act when its armature. is forced upward, by means of a
spring for that purpose, carrying with it the lower carbon holder until the carbons
meet which closes the circuit again.
By the arrangement herein described the principle of magnetic repulsion is
utilized for the purpose of regulating, gripping, and freeing of the upper carbon-
holder in the feeding of the electrodes as they are consumed in the arc, the tilting
armature acting as a medium by which the magnetic force of the two electro-
magnets are balanced.
When we desire to depend upon the attractive power alone for this purpose we
mount the armatures upon a tilting or rocking frame, placing the armatures thereon
in such a manner that each one is opposed to and is acted upon by but one electro-
magnet.
By either of these arrangements the slightest change in the resistance of the arc
will cause the electro-magnets and armatures to operate any suitable mechanism
which will produce a sufficient feed movement of the electrodes as they are
consumed to keep them always at the proper distance apart for the production of
light of a maximum intensity.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Richard Robert Moffatt and Sylvester Chichester in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th February 1882.
RICHARD ROBERT MOFFATT and SYLVESTER CHICHESTER, both of the City of
Brooklyn, in the County of Kings and State of New York, one of the United
States of America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO APPARATUS FOR
GENERATING ELECTRICITY, AND MEANS FOR UTILIZING THE SAME IN PRODUCING
THE ELECTRIC LIGHT."
This Invention relates to certain improvements in magneto-electric machines for
the conversion of mechanical into electrical energy, and in electric-lamps or
regulators for producing the electric light. It consists, first, in a novel combination
and arrangement of a rotating cylindrical armature having its greatest length of
cross section parallel with its axis and mounted upon a central hub or carrier with
the poles of the exciting or field magnets made and arranged in such manner that
they will envelop a larger portion of both the inner and outer surfaces of the
armature cylinder, thus exercising a more perfect action upon it than in machines
heretofore employed, and reducing the amount of non-active or resistant wire
therein to a minimum; second, also in improvements in the construction of the
armature core and in the application of iron lugs or extensions upon both the inner
and outer sufaces of the core at intervals so as to cause the latter to be more
highly charged with the magnetism from the poles by its closer metallic proximity;
third, in improvements in the construction of regulating mechanism in the lamp,
consisting of electro-magnets located in the main or arc circuit, and others in a
shunt or derived circuit around the arc, said electro magnets being arranged to act
upon the opposite extremities of a tilting or rocking armature in such a manner
that the poles of a like nature in each magnet will operate upon the same
armature, so that the elements of repulsion in magnetism of a like polarity will be
utilized in controlling the movements of the armature and the feeding of the
carbons (through suitable mechanism for that purpose) as they are consumed;
fourth, in improvements in the construction of regulating mechanism in the lamp,
consisting of electro-magnets located in the main or are circuit, and in a shunt or
derived circuit around the arc, said electro-magnets being arranged to act upon
armatures mounted upon a tilting or rocking frame in such a manner that the
attractive qualities only of each electro-magnet will act upon the armatures to
operate and control the movement of the tilting or rocking armature frame and
suitable mechanism combined therewith for the purpose of regulating the feeding
of the carbons as they are consumed.
The first part of this Invention has for its object the arrangement of the exciting
or inducing poles of the field-magnets with the insulated wire bobbin of the
armature, that the latter will have more of its surface exposed to the direct action
of the former, thus utilizing it to a greater degree in producing electrical energy
and at the same time reducing in a like degree the amount of wire that heretofore
has been an element of electric resistance within the armature.
The second part of this Invention has for its object the production of an armature
(upon which the wire bobbins are arranged), said core is made in sections and
mounted upon a central provision, to adapt it to the action of the enveloping poles
of the field magnets, so that the latter will act upon a greater surface of the
bobbins. Also in means for charging it strongly with magnetism by lugs or
extension provisions upon its inner and outer surface.
The third part of this Invention has for its object the combining of electro-
magnets located in the main and in a shunt or derived circuit, with a tilting or
rocking armature that the properties of magnetic repulsion will enter into and
operate and control (through suitable mechanism) the feeding of the carbon
electrodes as they are consumed.
The fourth part of this Invention has for its object the combining of electro-

page_text: magnets located in the main and in a shunt or derived circuit around the arc, with
armatures mounted upon a tilting or rocking frame arranged so that the properties
of magnetic attraction only will be utilized for the purpose of moving and con-
trolling (through suitable mechanism) the feeding of carbon electrodes as they are
consumed.
screws.
In the construction of our improved electric-machines, the armature is made
cylindrical, having its greatest length of cross-section parallel with its axis. It is
built up of a great number of pieces grouped and secured together (with intervals
or openings between them) in such a manner as to form segments upon which the
bobbins are placed. Several of these complete the armature circle, the whole being
secured to and mounted on a central carrier or hub by means of iron lugs or strips
placed at intervals upon the periphery of the armature, and secured thereto by
Other similar lugs or strips are secured at intervals to the inner surface
of the armature; they are all made and applied in such a manner as to act as
extensions to the armature core, causing the latter to be in close metallic proximity
to the poles of the field-magnet, and to be consequently more highly charged with
its magnetism. The central carrier-hub is mounted upon a journal, as is also the
commutator. The armature wire may be connected up in any desired manner,
either in open or in closed circuit, and its terminals made to extend from the centre
of the armature to its commutator connections. The carrier-hub is made of brass
or other suitable (non magnetic) metal; it is made in the form that will occupy as
little space as possible, with sufficient strength to secure and hold the armature in
its operation; it is centrally located within the armature cylinder, being firmly
secured to it by screws, the latter also passing through and securing the outer lugs
or strips in place. The poles of the exciting or field magnets are so formed that
they extend over the periphery of the armature in the ordinary manner. These
poles are provided with provisions which are made to extend towards the carrier
hub along the inner surface of the armature. By this arrangement of the poles and
inner pole extension of the field magnets, the armature operates within a very
strong magnetic field, and a greater amount of the armature wire is covered by
the inducing poles, causing it to become active in producing electricity, and thus
reducing the resistance in the armature wire.
In the construction of the lamp the frame is supported by a wooden or other
suitable plate, so as to insulate it from the upper carbon holder. To this plate
is secured a tube by which the lamp is suspended. The carbon holder extends
into and is enveloped by this tube. Near the lower end of this tube is a
support, on which are mounted two electro-magnets, one on either side of
the tube. Below these are placed the armature, the latter pivotted at its
centre, and arranged so as to have a tilting or rocking movement. An adjusting
screw or pin is located beneath one end of the armature so as to limit its move-
ment; the other end of the armature rests upon one end of a small lever, which
has its other end bearing upon the upper carbon holder. Any suitable means
known in the arts can be applied to the carbon holder for allowing it to move
downward slowly when it is not clamped by the armature-lever. The electro-
magnet over the end of the armature where the adjusting screw or pin is located
is wound with suitable wire, and is included in the main or arc circuit; the other
magnet is wound with a great length of fine wire so as to give great resistance.
This magnet is located in a shunt or derived circuit that avoids the arc. These
electro magnets are so arranged that the poles of like polarity will be opposite to
and act upon one and the same armature. A third electro-magnet is placed in the
base of the frame, and its armature is made to support and operate the lower
carbon holder for the purpose of producing the arc. In the operation of this
device the electric current enters the lamp through the proper connection, and
causes the electro magnets located in the main circuit to act, the upper one to
attract one end of the tilting armature, which brings pressure upon the lever and
the upper carbon holder, preventing the latter from moving; the other magnet
separates the carbons which establishes the arc, the size of which can be regulated

page_text: by means of an adjusting device for that purpose, as will be readily understood
when the size of the are increases (by the consumption of the carbon); the
resistance therein increases also, which will weaken the magnetic power of the
magnets in the main circuit, at the same time it causes more electricity to flow
through the shunt or derived circuit, thus increasing the force of the electro-magnet
located therein until its power is sufficiently strong to operate the armature
against the action of the other magnet, relieving the pressure upon the lever and
upper carbon-holder, freeing the latter, which moves downward; this movement
decreases the arc, the resistance in the main circuit, the power of the shunt magnet,
and at the same time increases the magnetic power of the other magnet, which
acts to stop and bold the upper carbon holder, as heretofore described. If the
are is broken by intent or otherwise, the lower magnet ceases to act when its
armature is forced upward by means of a spring for that purpose, carrying with it
the lower carbon holder until the carbons meet, which closes the circuit again.
By the arrangement herein described, the principle of magnetic repulsion is
utilized for the purpose of regulating, gripping, and freeing of the upper carbon-
holder in the feeding of the electrodes as they are consumed in the arc, the tilting
armature acting as a medium by which the magnetic force of the two electro-
magnets are balanced.
When we desire to depend upon the attractive power alone for this purpose, we
mount the armatures upon a tilting or rocking frame, placing the armatures thereon
in such a manner that each one is opposed to and is acted upon by but one
electro magnet.
-
By either of these arrangements the slightest change in the resistance of the
arc will cause the electro-magnets and armatures to operate any suitable mechanism,
which will produce a sufficient feed movement of the electrodes, as they are
consumed to keep them always at the proper distance apart for the production of
light of a maximum intensity.
But that our Invention may be fully understood, we will proceed to describe the
same more in detail by the aid of the accompanying Drawings which form part of
Figures 1 to 4 inclusive illustrate the first and second parts or our invention,
in all of which views similar letters are employed to indicate corresponding parts
wherever they occur.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of a machine or apparatus embodying our
Invention, one half of which is in section.
Figure 2 represents a vertical section across the axis, in one half of which the
armature cylinder is shown.
Figures 3 and 4 represent sectional views of the armature (and poles), showing
the manner of construction and the means of securing the armature to the
carrier-hub.
In the Drawings A represents the field magnets of the machine.
N and S are the poles of the magnets which charge the armature in the
operation of the machine.
The armature core is formed of pieces B, which when grouped together form a
ring or cylinder, as shown in Fig. 4. These core pieces B are made of sheet iron,
each layer being separated from the other on their wide surfaces, and are all held
together by screws, rods, or rivets.
C is a carrier-hub made of a non-magnetic substance provided with radial arms
e, e. These arms extend outward a sufficient distance to support the segmental
sections B. The latter are secured to the carrier-hub C by means of screws, as
shown in the Drawings.
i, i, are small lugs, ribs, or fillets of iron, which are secured in position between
the bobbins as shown. These lugs, ribs, or fillets have metallic contact with the

page_text: core-pieces B, and as their outward surface comes near to the poles it tends to
increase the magnetic force or power of the core pieces.
The carrier-hub C is centrally located within the armature-cylinder, and is made
to occupy as little space as possible, with sufficient strength to firmly secure and
hold the armature in its operation.
The wires in the armature bobbins are wound around the core-pieces Bas
shown, the ends of the wire extend through openings or grooves in the hub C to
the commutator-connection.
The poles of the field-magnet are so made that they extend entirely across the
outer surface (the ends), and also a large part of the inner surface of the armature-
cylinder, as shown in Fig. 3, thus almost enclosing the latter in a powerful
magnetic field. The poles are provided with circular arms or prolongations N¹, S¹,
and N, S", so arranged that they will extend both outside and inside of the
armature-cylinder, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. By this arrangement a very large
proportion of the entire surface of the armature is constantly presented to the
magnet poles.
We will now proceed to describe Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, inclusive, which
illustrate the third & fourth parts of our Invention.
Figure 5 is a front elevation of a device embodying this part of our Invention,
the lower portion of which is shown partly in section.
Figure 6 represents a plan of the upper part of the same.
Figure 7 represents a plan view of the upper part of the same with the electro
magnets removed, and showing the tilting armature in position.
Figure 8 is a side view showing the tilting armature in position.
Figure 9 is a sectional view of the carbon holder and tube, illustrating the
manner of its operation.
Similar letters of reference in these Figures indicate like parts.
In the Drawings, A is a plate of wood, which with the inetal pieces a, a, and
a', a', form the frame of the lamp.
B is an electro-magnet, which is provided with a hollow core, within which is
located a carbon-holder rod c. On the upper end of the rod c is secured the iron
arinature B'. The rod cis capable of a longitudinal movement within the magnet B.
A set-screw nut d working near the lower extremity of the rod c regulates the
movement of the rod, and a spiral spring e tends to force the rod c upward when the
electric circuit is broken. The armature B' moves with the rod, and when the
electric circuit is complete the magnet B will draw the armature B¹, the lower
carbon, and the rod downward, thus separating the points of the electrodes to form
the arc.
M. is an electro-magnet, which is secured to one arm of a yoke h, the latter being
secured to a metallic tube F. On the other arm of the yoke h is mounted an
electro-magnet N. This magnet is so arranged that it can be 'adjusted by means
of a screw-rod i and the two screw-nuts i, . The armatures of these electro-
magnets M and N are firmly secured together by a non-magnetic material, and are
pivoted to standards g, g, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, in such a manner that the
armatures k and k¹ will each be influenced by the magnetic force of both the electro-
magnets M and N.
These magnets are so wound (or connected up) with wire that
the electric current passing in them will cause the poles to be of like nature in each
bobbin or helix that faces (and acts upon) the same armature. For example, the
armature k will have the north pole of the magnet M acting upon one end, and the
north pole of the magnet N acting upon its other end, while the same effect takes
place with the south poles of the magnets M and N upon the armature k'. The
magnet M is placed in the main circuit which conveys the electric current through
the arc, and the magnet N, which is made of fine insulated wire having com-
paratively great resistance, is located in a shunt or derived circuit.
p is a tube, the lower end of which carries a carbon-holder. This tube is
arranged to move within the large tube F, in the upper part of which are located
small pulleys.

page_text: -
W is a weight; to which cords or chains are attached, which, extending upward
and over the pulleys are made fast to the tube p. The weight W tends to counter:
balance the weight of the tube p, the latter having a slight preponderance, thus
causing it to move slowly downward by its gravity. The tube F is secured at its
lower end to the plate A, as shown in Figure 9.
8
A lever brake s is located as shown, one end of which rests against the tube p.
A rod s¹ extends from the lever to the armature frame. Each end of the rod enters
a recess, which keeps it in position.
t is a set-screw for adjusting the movement of the tilting armature.
-
The operation of our Invention is as follows:-When the electric circuit is
made the current enters the binding-post +, through the magnet M, into the yoke
and tubes F and p, thence through the carbons, the magnet B, and, frame to the
binding post in its passage. Thus it causes the magnet M to attract the tilting
armatures h, k, raising the ends nearest to the magnet M and causing the other
ends to be depressed, which in turn presses upon the rod a¹ and lever 8, thereby
preventing the movement of the tube p (and the carbon attached thereto.)
At the same time the armature B is drawn down by the magnet B taking with
it the lower carbon, thus separating the electrodes, when the arc will appear. A
portion of the current passes from the binding post marked +, through the
inagnet N to the binding post marked - (said magnet N having high resistance
as described.) As the carbons are consumed the size of the arc increases, and
with it the resistance to the electric current increases, and the attractive force of
the magnet M is lessened. At the same time the magnetic power of the
magnet N is increased (as a greater quantity of electricity passes through it) in
proportion to the increase of the resistance in the arc, and its action on the
armature is to charge the extreme end thereof, viz., the end of the armature that is
in close proximity to the poles of the magnet M, with magnetism of a like or
similar nature, thus causing the action of repulsion which tends to force the tilting
armature away from the magnet M down upon the end of the set-screw t and
raising the other end of the armature from the rod a', thus relieving the pressure
of the lever-brake s upon the tube p, when the latter moves downward by its
gravity until the distance between the carbon points is lessened, and the resistance
in the electric circuit is also decreased when the magnetic force of the magnet M
is increased and that of the magnet N is decreased, thus changing the prepon-
derance of like polarity in the armature to the other end thereof, and its action of
repulsion upon the magnets is reversed, again depressing the armature upon the
rod 8', lever 8, and tube p, holding the latter from moving. This action of the
magnets M and N upon the armature, acting upon the principle of similar poles
repelling each other, is so sensitive in its action through the agency of the tilting
armature (the movement of which is so slight) as described, that the feeding of
the carbons and the size and resistance in the arc are regulated automatically with
the best results for the production of light of a maximum intensity.
By means of screw nuts i, i, the resistant-magnet N may be adjusted by
increasing or decreasing its distance, from the armature so as to keep any desired arc.
This arrangement of magnets and tilting armature for operating and regulating
the working of an electric lamp may be modified in its various details without
departing from its general principles, and we do not limit ourselves to the repulsive
properties of the magnets M and N acting upon and by means of an armature for
the purpose specified, as the properties of attraction as well as repulsion can be
successfully utilized for the same end by simply mounting or arranging the tilting
armature upon its pivots, in such a manner that the armature k will be under both
poles of one magnet and the other armature under the poles of the other magnet.
For this purpose we have shown in Figs. 3 and 4 provisions m, in which the pivots
that support the tilting armature may be inserted to operate. In this case the
armatures k and ke¹ will occupy a position parallel with the central line of the pivots
and at right angles to that shown in the Drawings, while the position of the
magnets M and N will not be changed.

page_text: If desired the weight W may be a tube, and made to occupy a space between the
tubes F and p, the latter passing through the tube-weight.
By the use of a chain-connection between the tube p and the counter-weight W,
said chain in its entirety being of a less weight than the carbon, an element of
compensation enters into the operation, which causes the preponderance in the
tube p and carbon to be nearly the same, notwithstanding the loss of weight by
the consumption of the carbon. This is caused by the weight of chain gradually
decreasing on one side of the pulleys, and increasing the weight on the other side
in its movement, thus compensating for the loss in carbon by consumption.
The magnets M and N may be axial magnets with movable iron cores.
Having thus described the several parts of our Invention, we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the exact details as shown and
described, as the same may be varied without departing from the peculiar
characteristics of our Invention, but what we do claim is,-
First. In a magneto-electric machine an armature of iron in the form of a ring
or endless band, having its greatest length of cross-section parallel with its axis,
said armature built of sectional pieces B, secured together and held to the central
hub C, and provided with lugs, ribs, or fillets i and i, substantially as described.
Second. A magneto-electric machine having an armature in the form of a ring
or endless band, with its greatest length of cross-section parallel with its axis, and
the magnet-poles inclosing the armature externally and having branches extending
within at both ends, substantially as herein shown and described.
Third. In an electric lamp the combination of the electro-magnets B and M
located in the main circuit, and the electro-magnet N located in a shunt circuit,
for the purpose of forming and regulating the arc, substantially as herein
specified.
Fourth. In an electric lamp the combination of the electro-magnets M and N,
the tilting armature k, k, the carbon rod p, and mechanism to check and regulate
the feed of the carbon, substantially as herein specified.
Fifth. In an electric lamp the combination of the electro magnet M located in
the main circuit and the electro magnet N located in a shunt-circuit, said magnets
having poles of like nature acting upon the same arinature, substantially as and for
the purpose specified.
Sixth. In an electric lamp the combination of the electro magnets M. and N, the
tilting armature k, k¹, the carbon-rod p, and the lever-brake a, constructed, sub-
stantially as described, so that the action of magnetic attraction and repulsion
will act to check and regulate the feed of the carbon, substantially as herein
specified.
Seventh. In an electric lamp the electro-magnet M located in the main circuit,
and the electro-magnet N located in a shunt or derived circuit arranged to operate
in such a manner that the attractive and repulsive properties of magnetism will
be utilized to regulate the feed movement of the electrodes, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard Robert Moffatt and Sylvester
Chichester, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day of
August. in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty
RICHARD ROBERT MOFFATT. (L.S.)
SYLVESTER CHICHESTER.
(L.S.)