IMPROVEMENTS IN WARD ROBES, OR SIMILAR RECEPTACLES FOR ARTICLES OF DRESS, AND IN STANDS, FRAMES, AND PINS FOR HOLDING OR SUSPENDING ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Iles, of Birmingham, in the County. of
Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARD
ROBES, OR SIMILAR RECEPTACLES FOR ARTICLES OF DRESS, AND IN STANDS,
FRAMES, AND PINS FOR HOLDING OR SUSPENDING ARTICLES OF DRESS."
Sealed the 20th April 1858, and dated the 2nd November 1857.
1.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Iles at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd November 1857.
I, CHARLES ILES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARD-
ROBES, OR SIMILAR RECEPTACLES FOR ARTICLES OF DRESS, AND IN STANDS, FRAMES,
AND PINS FOR HOLDING OR SUSPENDING ARTICLES OF DRESS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in making wardrobes, or similar receptacles.
for articles of dress, either wholly or mainly of metal, and also in combining.
a mirror or looking-glass with such wardrobes or receptacles. In carrying
this part of my Invention into effect, I sometimes make the wardrobes or
receptacles wholly of metal, and sometimes I niake the framing of the same
of wood, and insert in the said framing plates or panels of metal.
My Invention consists, secondly, in making' frames or racks having pins for
holding articles of dress, in such a manner that the said frame or rack. shall
be portable, that is to say, that it shall be capable of being temporarily hung

page_text: or attached to a wall or other surface, instead of being permanently fixed
thereto, as is usual.
My Invention consists, thirdly, in the use of cast metal in combination with
wrought metal, for the purpose of uniting or ornamenting the various parts
of frames or stands used for holding or suspending articles of dress.
My Invention consists, fourthly, of combining a mirror or looking-glass with
stands or racks for holding or suspending articles of dress.-
My Invention consists, fifthly, in making, hat pins or pegs for holding
articles of dress of more than one piece of metal, and afterwards uniting
the said pieces, by which method of construction great lightness combined
with ornamental appearance is secured.
Also, in making hat pins of glass; and inserting or coating the same
internally with metallic leaf, or other ornamental substance or material, for
ornamenting the said glass pins.
The articles constructed, according to my Invention may be finished by
painting or japanning, or by any other process by which surfaces are or may
be ornamented.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles. Iles-in-the-Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th April 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
·ILES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her: Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year" of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Iles, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Iles, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I; the said : Charles
Iles,, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARDROBES,
OR SIMILAR RECEPTACLES FOR ARTICLES OF DRESS, AND IN STANDS, FRAMES, AND
PINS FOR HOLDING OR SUSPENDING ARTICLES OF DRESS," upon the condition

page_text: (amongst others) that I, the said Charles.Iles, my, executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain, the. nature of the
said Invention, and. in, what, manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office with
six
calendar, months next and immediately, after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
LEANT LA
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles. Iles, do hereby declare, the
nature. of the said Invention;, and in what manner the same is, to be. per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
My Invention consists, firstly, in making wardrobes or similar receptacles
for articles of dress, (that is, to say, receptacles having doors opening after the
manner of cupboard doors,), either, wholly or partly of metal, and also in
combining a mirror or looking-glass with such wardrobes or receptacles. In
carrying this part of my Invention into effect, I sometimes make the said
wardrobes or receptacles wholly of metal, and sometimes I make the framing
of the same of wood, and insert in the said framing plates or panels of metal;
and sometimes I make the framing of cast metal, and insert plates of wrought
or.rolled metal, either plain or corrugated; as panels in the said cast metal
framing....I sometimes; make the various parts of the said wardrobes and
receptacles, separately, and afterwards connect or join the said parts by means
of nuts and screws, or dovetails, or by any other of the methods whereby the
parts of articles of metallic furniture are or may be joined; I, thereby insure
greater portability and convenience in packing or transporting the said
wardrobes, or receptacles to a-distance. Wardrobes and similar receptacles
for articles of dress constructed according to my. Invention are strong, durable,
and indestructible by fire.
My Invention consists, secondly, in making frames or racks, baving pins or
pegs for holding or suspending articles of dress in such, a manner that the said
frames or racks shall be portable, that, is. to say, shall be capable of being
temporarily hung, or attached to a wall, or other surface, instead of being
permanently fixed thereto, as is usual.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in front elevation, and
Figure 2 inside elevation, a-frame or rack having hat pins or pegs made
according to this part of my Invention. The pins or pegs a, a, a, are fixed in
the ornamental frame b, and the said frame or rack is hung against a wall
O surface by the loops c,.c... being, hung upon, nails fixed in the wall.--A
hole c¹ may be made at the bottom of the frame or. rack for a third nail in,

page_text: the wall to pass through; but I do not confine myself to any particular method
of suspending the frame or rack b.
t
My Invention consists, thirdly, in the use of cast metal in combination
with wrought metal, for the purpose of uniting and ornamenting the various
parts of frames or stands used for holding or suspending articles of dress;
such as hat and umbrella stands. In carrying this part of my Invention into
effect, I make portions of the said stands or frames of rods or tubes, which
said rods or tubes I join by casting on the ends of the said rods or tubes
blocks or junction pieces, by which castings the ends of the rods are held
together. The said castings may be of an ornamental character. I also cast
ornaments upon the said frames or stands where I wish to ornament the same
without effecting the junction of parts by the said casting.
My Invention consists, fourthly, of combining a mirror or looking-glass
with frames or racks used for holding or suspending articles of dress.
Figure 3 represents in front elevation a frame or rack having pins or pegs
for suspending articles of dress, which said frame or rack is constructed
according to this part of my Invention. A mirror d is introduced into the
said frame or rack. The mirror d may be of any desired form, and introduced
into any convenient part of the frame or rack.
My Invention consists, fifthly, in making hat pins or pegs for holding
articles of dress of more than one piece of metal, and afterwards uniting the
said pieces by soldering or otherwise, by which method of construction great
lightness may be secured in combination with an ornamental appearance.
Figure 4 of the accompanying Drawing illustrates this part of my Invention.
e and represent two semi-tubular or trough-like pieces of sheet metal, which,
when soldered or joined together, form the body of a hat pin or peg, on which
an ornamental head or termination and bottom piece may be attached by
screwing or otherwise. By making the pin or peg of the two pieces e and f,
it may be made of stamped metal, and be both light and ornamented with
raised ornaments in any desired manner.
My Invention consists lastly, in making hat pins or pegs of glass, and
inserting or coating the same internally with metallic leaf or foil, or other
ornamental substance or material suitable for ornamenting the said glass pins
or pegs.
.
The articles constructed according to my Invention may be finished by
painting or japanning, or by any other process by which the same are or may
be ornamented.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit

page_text: myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I
claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, making wardrobes or similar receptacles for articles of dress wholly
or partly of metal, and combining a mirror or looking-glass with such
wardrobes or receptacles, as herein-before described.
Secondly, making frames or racks having pins or pegs for holding articles
of dress portable, that is to say, capable of being temporarily hung or attached
to a wall or surface, instead of being permanently fixed thereto, as herein-
before described, and represented in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying
Drawing.
Thirdly, the use of cast metal in combination with wrought metal, for the
purpose of uniting or ornamenting the various parts of frames or stands used
for holding or suspending articles of dress, as herein-before described.
Fourthly, combining a mirror or looking-glass with frames or racks, for
holding or suspending articles of dress, as herein-before described, and
represented in Figure 3 of the accompanying Drawing.
Fifthly, making hat pins or pegs for holding articles of dress, of more
than one piece of metal, and afterwards uniting the said pieces as herein-
before described, and illustrated in Figure 4 of the accompanying Drawing.
Lastly, making hat pins or pegs of glass, and ornamenting the same by an
internal ornamental coating, or other ornament inserted therein, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Iles, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
CHARLES ILES. (L.S.)