Improvements in Wrenches for Pipes, Shafting, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wrenches for Pipes, Shafting, and the like.
We, WILLIAM BROWN, Engineer, of 36 Hadrian Road and THOMAS
LUMSDON, Blacksmith, of 8 Palmer Street, both in Wallsend in the County
of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to wrenches for pipes shafting and the like and has for its
object to provide a tool which will give the requisite gripping power without
slipping and will not bulge or damage the work.
A wrench constructed according to our invention comprises a bifurcated hand
lever in the double eye or jaws of which is mounted upon a square spindle a non-
rotatable sprocket or stud wheel of suitable diameter with which gears a flat linked
or other suitably constructed pitch chain of convenient length.
One end of the chain is attached to the free end connection of a pair of swinging
links mounted preferably on the same centre as the sprocket wheel and when
operating on a pipe or the like the chain is fitted round same and its free end
passed between the said links and carried over the fixed sprocket wheel gearing
therewith. Then on the application of force to the lever in the proper direction
the wheel teeth pull upon the chain and cause it to grip the article firmly and with
equal power all round.
The various parts of our improved tool are constructed of any suitable material
and proportioned according to the nature of the work to be treated.
Dated this 11th day of June 1895.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,.
3 St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent..
Improvements in Wrenches for Pipes, Shafting, and the like.
We, WILLIAM BROWN, Engineer of 36 Hadrian Road and THOMAS
LUMSDON, Blacksmith of 8 Palmer Street both in Wallsend in the County
of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to wrenches for pipes shafting and the like and has for its
object to provide a tool which will give the requisite gripping power without
slipping and will not bulge or damage the work.
A wrench constructed according to our invention comprises a bifurcated hand
lever in the double eye or jaws of which is mounted upon a square spindle a non-
rotatable sprocket or stud wheel of suitable diameter with which gears a flat linked
or other suitably constructed pitch chain of convenient length.
One end of the chain is attached to the free end connection of a pair of swinging
links mounted preferably on the same centre as the sprocket wheel and when
operating on a pipe or the like the chain is fitted round same and its free end.

page_text: passed between the said links and carried over the fixed sprocket wheel gearing
therewith. Then on the application of force to the lever in the proper direction
the wheel teeth pull upon the chain and cause it to grip the article firmly and with
equal power all round.
The various parts of our improved tool are constructed of any suitable material
and proportioned according to the nature of the work to be treated.
We will fully describe our invention with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which Figure 1 shows a sectional elevational view in working position
and Figure 2 a plan view and in the following description like marks of reference
designate like parts.
Referring to the drawings a is a hand lever having double eyes a¹ formed
thereon; a³ is a square spindle upon which is mounted a non-rotatable sprocket or
stud wheel 3 with which the flat linked chain 4 gears as shown or as herein
described. One end of this chain is linked or otherwise connected to the
projection 5 on the crosspiece 6 connecting the swinging links 7 which in turn are
shown mounted on the same centre as the fixed wheel 3.
In Figure 1 the pipe or tube P is shown in position for being wrenched; the
chain 4 having been placed round it the free end of the chain has then been passed
as shown through the links and over the wheel 3 and down between the double eyes
so that the teeth of this fixed wheel gear with the chain and practically lock the
chain to the wheel in any required position. Then on the lever a being depressed
or turned in the required direction the teeth of the wheel 3 tighten the chain
surrounding the pipe tube or shafting as the case may be until the grip
and leverage are together sufficient to turn or wrench the pipe or tube as
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. The combination with a hand lever having a fixed sprocket or stud wheel
thereon of swinging links having connected to their outer extremities a flat linked
chain adapted to encircle the object to be wrenched and to be acted upon by the
sprocket or stud wheel aforesaid in manner and for the purposes substantially as
herein set forth.
2. The combination of lever a, wheel 3, links 7, cross piece and chain 4
arranged combined or adapted to work substantially as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
Dated this 4th day of December 1895
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3 St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.