Improvements in Water-heaters.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th May, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 28th Feb., 1890-Accepted, 19th Apr.. 1890
Improvements in Water-heaters.
I, EDOUARD WERDENBERG, of Bale in the Republic of Switzerland, Gas-stovo
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating water by means of gas for bath and
other purposes.
According to my said invention I provide two concentric tubes, each of which
tubes is formed with hollow walls, through which the water to be heated
passes, the
water spaces being connected by transverse tubes or passages at their upper and
lower euds to permit the circulation of the water.
The outer tube is curved over at the upper part to form a cap and its lower
end is enlarged so as to contain a greater body of water than the other parts
thereof.
A space is left between the two water tubes and inside the smaller tube is placed a
pipe or flue so that the heat of the gas flames, the burners for which are placed at
the lower part of the apparatus, will pass upwards between the water tubes, then
downwards between the inner tube and the outside of the flue-pipe, and thence
upwards through the interior of the latter. The flue-pipe is open to the atmosphere
at its lower end so that a current of air can pass through the same.
The gas burners are so arranged that the-flames, thereof will strike against the
inner side of the outer tube at its part of largest diameter where there is the greatest
body of water.
The cold water enters the apparatus at its lower end and escapes through a pipe
Improvements in Water-heaters.
I, EDOUARD WERDENBERG, of Bale in the Republic of Switzerland, Gas Stove
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to apparatus for heating water by means of gas for bath and
other purposes.
According to my said invention I provide two concentric tubes, each of which tubes
is formed with hollow walls, through which the water to be heated passes, the
water spaces being connected by transverse tubes or passages at their upper and
lower ends to permit the circulation of the water.
The outer tube is curved over at the upper end to form a cap and its lower
end is enlarged so as to contain a greater body of water than the other parts
thereof.
A space is left between the two water tubes and inside the smaller tube is placed
a pipe or flue so that the heat of the gas flames, the burners for which are placed at
the lower part of the apparatus, will pass upwards between the water tubes, then
downwards between the inner tube and the outside of the flue pipe, and thence
upwards through the interior of the latter. The flue pipe is open to the atmosphere
at its lower end so that a current of air can pass through the same.
LD077

page_text: The gas burners are so arranged that the flames thereof will strike against the
inner side of the outer tube at its part of largest diameter where there is the greatest
body of water.
The cold water enters the apparatus at its lower end and escapes heated through a
pipe at its upper end.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-
Figure 1 is an elevation:
Figure 2 is a vertical section, and
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of a water-heater constructed according to my
invention.
A, A¹ are two concentric tubes, each formed with hollow walls through which the
water to be heated passes, the space being of such a size as to contain only a small
- quantity of water. The outer tube A is enlarged at its lower part B so as to
contain a greater body of water and communicates with the inner water tube A¹
through the tubes C. The upper ends of the tubes A, A³ are connected by tubes D
above which the outer tube A is formed into a cap or cupola E to which is adapted
the central pipe or flue F for carrying off the products of combustion.
The enlarged part B of the outer part A is provided with a short branch pipe a and
a cock b for admitting cold water to the apparatus the water when heated passing off
through the tube cat the upper part of the apparatus. The whole apparatus rests on
a metal casing G within which are arranged the gas burners H. The gas is supplied
through a tap d to a ring tube I whence it passes through nozzles e into the
burners H. The burners rest on the nozzles e and are provided at their lower ends
with wire gauze f so that the gas flowing into the burners causes air to be drawn in
through the gauze f; the burners are advantageously provided at the upper part fl
with wire gauze.
Holes in the lower part of the casing G allow of air being admitted to the apparatus
for the combustion of the gas.
The tap is connected with an igniting tube K from the opening m of which gas
issues when the tap is turned on. On the gas at the opening m being ignited the
flame will pass through a hole n in the enlarged part B of the outer part A and enter
the inner part of the apparatus where it ignites the gas from the burners Has soon
as the tap is turned on. The construction of the enlarged part B allows of the gas
flames developing and acting as jet flames on the inner conical side of this part of the
outer tube A.
The products of combustion from the burners H ascend between the pipes A A¹
as indicated by the arrows o and descend between the inner pipe A¹ and the flue F as
indicated by the arrows and finally pass up through the central flue pipe Fas
indicated by the arrows s. By this circulation the hot gases come into contact with a
large surface of the water pipes A A¹ and cause the small quantity of water contained
therein to be very quickly heated, at the same time the heat of the combustion is
utilized to the utmost extent.
The casings of the tubes as well as of the top and bottom parts E and B which are
in contact with the hot gases, are advantageously made of copper but the outer
surface of the apparatus can be made of any suitable metal such as copper or
zinc.
The water of condensation runs down the tubes A A¹ into gutters t, u; the gutter t
is attached to the casing G and the gutter u is by means of three tubes v connected
to the gutter t. The water of condensation passes from the gutter u through the
tubes into the gutter t whence it flows off through the tube z.
When the water in the tubes A A' is sufficiently hot the cock is opened when a
fresh quantity of water from the main or from a tank will enter the tubes A A¹ under
pressure and the hot water will be forced from the said tubes AA' through the outlet c.
The flow of water into the apparatus can be so regulated by means of the cock bas
to produce a continuous hot water jet from the outlet c at any desired temperature.
The central flue pipe F should be connected with a chimney or other flue.

page_text: It will be evident that the apparatus can be constructed of any number of con-
centric water tubes A A' and instead of several burners H a single ring burner can
be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. An apparatus for heating water by means of gas for bath and other purposes,
consisting essentially of two or more concentric tubes connected together at the top
and bottom and capable of containing only a small quantity of water, between the
narrow open spaces of which tubes pass upwards and downwards the products of
combustion from the gases below so as to quickly heat the water contained in the said
concentric tubes and effectually utilize the heat arising from the combustion, sub-
stantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
2. In an apparatus of the kind referred to in claim 1
(a.) The enlarged part B of the outer concentric tube A so arranged as to allow
the gas flames to strike against the inner conical surface of such enlarged
part B.
(b.) The opening n in the enlarged part B of the outer tube A through which
opening the flame from the igniting tube K passes into the apparatus.
(c.) The gutters, u to receive the water of condensation arising from the com-
bustion, which gutters are connected by tubes so that the said water from the
gutter u passes through the tubes into the gutter .
3. The improved apparatus for heating water by means of gas for bath and other
purposes substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawing.
Dated the 20th day of Fabmary 1800
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.