Improvements in Producing Azo Colours on or in Cotton or other Textile Fibre or Fabric.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th July, 1890-Accepted, 16th Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Producing Azo Colours on or in Cotton or other
Textile Fibre or Fabric.
I THOMAS HOLLIDAY of the firm of Read Holliday & Sons of Huddersfield in the
County of York, Manufacturing Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in forming or producing a class of colours which have
not previously been used as dyes on or in cotton or other textile fibre by the combi-
nation of the diazotized various thio compounds derived from aniline, toluidines,
xylidines, cumidines or napthylamines with alpha or beta napthol which combination
is made in the presence of the fibre.
When the combination to produce the colour on the fibre is required to be made
as in dyeing it can be carried out by alternate dippings or impregnations of the fibre
in or with a bath in which any of the diazo compounds named obove is in solution or
suspension in a very finely divided state and in or with a bath in which alpha or beta
napthol is in solution or suspension without or better with an alkali. The order of
the dippings or impregnations can be reversed or varied and they can be repeated if
deeper shades of colour are required.
If the colour is required to be produced in patterns or partially as in calico printing
the cloth can be impregnated say by padding in or with a solution of napthol and
alkali dried and the diazo compound can when mixed with stiffening then be printed
on in the usual manner and the colour will be produced on the 'calico where the diazo
compound and the napthol has come in contact.
Good results can be obtained by previously oiling the fibre as for alizarine dyeing
or forming thereon an insoluble metallic soap.
The cotton or other textile fibre can be treated either in a raw state or partially or
wholly manufactured.
As an example of the method by which these improvements can be carried into
effect I take say 50 lbs. of a paste containing about 10 lbs. of dry hydrochlorate of
thioparatoluidine in a finely divided state mix it well with 500 lbs. of water the colder
the better, add 12 lbs. hydrochloric acid 20° Beaumé-then 2 lbs. nitrite of soda in
solution in 50 lbs. of cold water and agitate the mixture till as much of the diazo
compound so formed has passed into solution: as appears possible. I then dip say
2 lbs. of cotton yarn at a time (previously boiled out as usual) into the solution-
wring out and pass it into a bath containing about 2 lbs. of either of the napthols
and 2 lbs. of caustic soda 50° Beaumé with 100 gallons of water when the colour
will be formed on the yarn which can then.be washed and dried-if the colour is
found not to be strong enough it can be replunged and wrung out of the diazo bath
and again in the napthol bath. The dipping can go on with fresh yarn each time
till the diazo bath is exhausted the napthol bath being replenished from time to time
with napthol and caustic soda.
"
When the order of the operations is reversed the napthol bath may be made much
stronger and the diazo bath weaker than in the example.
Thioparatoluidine as is well known can be produced by melting together sulphur
and paratoluidine in various proportions and at various temperatures-products of a
lower melting point producing more soluble diazo compounds than the products
having the highest melting points.
The other thio compounds mentioned can be employed in a similar manner.
Though the example is given on cotton yarn other fibres such as silk, wool and
jute can be treated in a similar manner.
Taded the with done if Ontator 1980

page_text: -
Improvements in Producing Azo Colours on or in Cotton or other
Textile Fibre or Fabric.
I THOMAS HOLLIDAY of the firm of Read Holliday & Sons of Huddersfield, in the
County of York, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
These improvements consist in forming or producing a class of colours which have
not previously been used as dyes on or in cotton or other textile fibre by the combina-
tion of the diazotized various thio compounds derived from aniline, toluidines, xylidines,
cumidines or napthylamines with alpha or beta napthol which combination is made
in the presence of the fibre.
When the combination to produce the colour on the fibre is required to be made
as in dyeing it can be carried out by alternate dippings or impregnations of the fibre
in or with a bath in which any of the diazo compounds named above is in solution or
suspension in a very finely divided state and in or with a bath in which alpha or beta
napthol is in solution or suspension without or better with an alkali.
The order of the dippings or impregnations can be reversed or varied and they can
be repeated if deeper shades of colour are required.
If the colour is required to be produced in patterns or partially as in calico printing
the cloth can be impregnated say by padding in or with a solution of napthol and
alkali dried and the diazo compound can when mixed with stiffening then be printed
on in the usual manner and the colour will be produced on the calico where the diazo
compound and the napthol has come in contact.
Good results can be obtained by previously oiling the fibre as for alizarine dyeing
or forming thereon an insoluble metallic soap.
The cotton or other textile fibre can be treated either in a raw state or partially or
wholly manufactured.
As an example of the method by which these improvements can be carried into
effect I take say 50 lbs. of a paste containing about 10 lbs. of dry hydrochlorate of
thioparatoluidine in a finely divided state mix it well with 500 lbs. of water the colder
the better, add 12 lbs. hydrochloric acid 20° Beaumé-then 2 lbs. nitrite of soda in
solution in 50 lbs. of cold water and agitate the mixture till as much of the diazo
compound so formed has passed into solution as appears possible. I then dip say
2 lbs. of cotton yarn at a time (previously boiled out as usual) into the solution
wring out and pass it into a bath containing about 2 lbs. of either of the napthols
and 2 lbs. of caustic soda 50° Beaumé with 100 gallons of water when the colour will
be formed on the yarn which can then be washed and dried-if the colour is found
not to be strong enough it can be replunged and wrung out of the diazo bath and
again in the napthol bath. The dipping can go on with fresh yarn each time till the
diazo bath is exhausted the napthol bath being replenished from time to time with
napthol and caustic soda. When the order of the operations is reversed the
napthol bath may be made much stronger and the diazo bath weaker than in the
example.
In the example given the azotized thioparatoluidine can be dried on the fibre
before passing into the napthol bath at a low temperature and a deeper shade of
colour obtained and with less waste.
Thioparatoluidine as is well known can be produced by melting together sulphur
and paratoluidine in various proportions and at various temperatures-products of a
lower melting point producing more soluble diazo compounds than the products having
the highest melting points.
The other thio compounds mentioned can be employed in a similar manner.
Though the example is given on cotton yarn other fibres such as silk, wool and
jute can be treated in a similar manner.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
Producing azo colours on or in cotton or other textile fibre or fabric by the
combination of the diazotised various thio compounds derived from aniline, toluidine,
xylidines, cumidines or napthylamines with alpha or beta napthol which combination
is made in the presence of the fibre or fabric.
Dated the 12th day of July 1890.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.