Improvements in Waterclosets and Urinals, and in Flushing, Trapping, Ventilating, and Discharging the same.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 24th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Waterclosets and Urinals, and in Flushing,
Trapping, Ventilating, and Discharging the same.
I, JAMES GEORGE STIDDER, of Petersham Lodge, New Malden, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows: :-
The object of my invention is to effect certain improvements in the construction
of waterclosets and urinals, and in the methods and means of and for flushing,
trapping, ventilating and discharging the same, so as to fulfil the requirements of
modern sanitary appliances and engineering.
In constructing waterclosets I fit a sloping back and sloping sides above the
seats, such inclined backs and sides commencing near the opening in the seats and
extending to the wall or walls or partitions. By the use of these inclined backs
and sides, persons using the same are assisted and guided, and children are
prevented from standing on or improperly using the closets, and the accumulation
of dirt in the corners is entirely prevented.
In fitting ranges of closets for schools and other establishments where a number
of w.c.'s are required, I fit each closet with a trapped pan, and make use of a
stone-ware trough formed in lengths and jointed so as to accommodate any number.
This trough is provided with special openings for receiving the pans, and provisions
for making the joints, whereby the same are rendered air tight. By this arrange-
ment each user has an independent and clean basin every time it is used, as they
will be cleansed each time the person passes out of the closet by a small quick
discharge of water through the flushing arm by a door action valve movement to
each basin or other suitable flushing apparatus, which drives the excrement &c.
into the lower trough, which is completely sealed off by the trap from the upper
basin.
When a given number of persons have used the closets, my pendulum time
flusher (hereinafter described) comes into action (which can be set to discharge
any number of times in the day) and discharges the whole of the contents out of
the trough, and through the improved drop trap, hereinafter described, and into
the sewer with great force, leaving only clean water in the trough. The trough is
kept partially filled with water, and is constantly supplied with fresh air. The
water is (preferably) supplied by an automatic pendulum self-supplying cistern.
The cistern is supplied with a regulated supply of water so as to start the syphon
at suitable intervals. The syphon consists of an inner fixed pipe to carry the
water downwards, and an annular bell pipe which carries the water upwards. The
central down draught pipe of the syphon is fitted or formed with joggles, consisting
of projections which break up the current and assist in forming a quick vacuum in
the syphon. A pendulous rod is suspended in the internal tube of the syphon,
having projections formed thereon at intervals. The water drops over these drip
pieces, as well as the projections in the internal pipe, whereby the water splashes
and falls in every direction, and thereby causes a quick vacuum, which sucks the
water or sewage up the outer case and down the inner shaft with great force, so
discharging the tanks either of water for flushing the drains or sewage matter.
The annular bell pipe is fitted with a handle, whereby it may be lifted for
cleansing or repair.
The trough is fitted, at its inlet end with a joint, for connecting it with the flush
pipe, and also another joint connecting it with a fresh air supply, whereby fresh air
enters at about the level of the water in the trough or thereabouts; the air is
carried away from the outlet end of the trough by a ventilating pipe. An induced

page_text: current is thereby caused, which effectually ventilates the trough and carries away
the vitiated air. The outlet end of the trough is fitted with a trap having a
suitable amount of dip to form a water seal, and a "drop" is formed at the outflow
leading to the drain pipe. The outer bend of the trap is fitted with a movable
inspection cover, access to which is provided for by a stone cover fitted above a
shaft or opening leading to the same.
In some cases, instead of fitting pans under the seats of closet ranges, I form the
stoneware trough with internal divisions, which dip into the water and divide the
trough into trapped sections. At about the centre or at the end of the trough
provide a well for the mouth of the syphon to dip into, so as to draw every
particle of soil from the trough when it is discharging its contents. The syphon
carries the water &c. to a trapped outlet, as before described.
I construct the urinals with a concealed flushing pipe, in such a manner that they
are self flushing. When formed with a channel for conveying the mixed urine and
water, at about the usual height from the ground, I fit slate marble or glass back
slabs, the top edge of the bottom slab is about level with the top of the flushing
pipe. Between this back and the top slab I fit the flushing pipe, which is thus
protected from the urine. The flushing pipe is of a flattened form, and triangular
(or approximately thereto) in section. The lower edge of the pipe is perforated
with holes sufficiently near together to form, practically, a continuous stream of
water down the lower back slab, without obstruction. The flushing pipe may be
formed with a horizontal slot, instead of holes, if preferred. The lower back slab
overlaps the back edge of the channel trough, which is formed of glazed stoneware
or slate, and carried by suitable brackets. An iron or brass grating is fitted below
the channel, for standing upon, and a drain is formed under the grating, which is
flushed concurrently with the urinal.
In some cases the stoneware channel or trough is dispensed with, and the back
slab is continued down to the foot drain, at the back of the lower grating.
Dated 13th January 1891
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Waterclosets and Urinals, and in Flushing,
Trapping, Ventilating, and Discharging the same.
I, JAMES GEORGE STIDDER, of Petersham Lodge, New Malden, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to effect certain improvements in the construction
of waterclosets and urinals, and in the methods of and means and appliances for
flushing, trapping, ventilating and discharging the same.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar
letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
In constructing waterclosets either singly or in ranges, I fit inclined backs and
inclined sides above the seats, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4; Fig. 1 being a
longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a transverse section, on the line 1-2 of Fig. 1, Fig. 3
is a transverse section on the line 3-4 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 1.
a a are the inclined sides and bb the inclined backs. By the use of these inclined
backs and sides persons using the same in the dark are assisted and guided, and
children are prevented from standing on or improperly using the closets, and the
accumulation of dirt in the corners is entirely prevented.
In fitting such ranges of closets for schools and other establishments, where a

page_text: number of w.c.'s are required, I fit each closet with a trapped pan c, fitting into a
stone-ware trough d. This trough is formed in lengths, and jointed so as to
accommodate any number. The construction of the trough is clearly shown in
Figs. 1 and 2. The upper part of the pan is sustained by the upper part of the
trough d, upon which also the wooden seats are laid. The delivery end of the pan
rests upon and in the air-tight socket d. By this arrangement each user has an
independent and clean pan, arrangements being made for flushing the closet, each
time it is used, by a quick discharge of a small quantity of water through the
flushing arm, by a door action valve movement in connection with each basin, or
other suitable flushing apparatus, which flushes the soil into the trough d. The
trough is completely sealed off from the upper basin by the trap.
When a given number of persons have used the closets, my improved pendulum
time flushing apparatus, shown in section in Fig. 5, comes into action. This
apparatus may be set to discharge at any required intervals of time, whereby the
whole of the contents of the trough are discharged through the improved drop
trap e, (Fig. 1) and into the sewer with great force, leaving only clean water in
the trough. The trough d retains a quantity of water, regulated by the height of
the lip of the trough. The trough is also constantly supplied with fresh air.
Referring to Fig. 5, f is a self-supplying cistern, the supply being so regulated
as to start the syphon at stated intervals of time. The syphon consists of an
inner fixed pipe g to carry the water downwards, and an annular bell pipe h, which
carries the water upwards. i is a pendulous cone, carried at the end of a chain
attached to the bell h. Inclined surfaces are provided at the upper end of the
pipe 9.
When a small quantity of water falls over the upper edge of the pipe g,
it strikes the cone and causes it to oscillate, whereby the falling water splashes
and falls in every direction, thereby inducing a strong downward current of air,
which causes a partial vacuum and at once starts the syphon. The water falls
into the lower cistern k, from whence it is carried, by the pipe l, to the trough d.
The trough d is formed with a joint at its inlet end, connecting it with the
pipe l, and also with another joint n' connecting it with a fresh air supply by a
pipe n, or otherwise, whereby fresh air enters at about the level of the water in
the trough, or thereabouts. The air is carried away from the outlet end of the
trough by a ventilating pipe m. An induced current is thereby caused, which
effectually ventilates the trough and carries away the vitiated air. The outlet end
of the trough is fitted with a trap e, as before mentioned, having a suitable amount
of dip to form a water seal, and a "drop" el is formed at the outflow, leading to
the drain pipe. This drop form of outlet can be applied to any other class of
trap, with the object of effectually flushing and clearing the same.
The outer bend of the trap is fitted with a movable inspection cover e³, access
to which is provided for by a stone cover e fitted above a shaft or opening leading
to the same.
In some cases, instead of fitting pans under the seats of closet ranges, as shown
in Figs. 1 to 4, I form the stoneware trough with internal divisions o o, as shown
in Fig. 6, which dip into the water and divide the trough into trapped sections,
of which figure a section on the line 5-6 is shown in Fig. 7, and a section on the
line 7-8 is shown in Fig. 8.
At about the centre of the trough I provide a well w for the mouth of the
syphon to dip into, so as to draw every particle of soil from the trough, when it
is discharging its contents. The syphon carries the water and soil to a dropped
trapped outlet as before described.
As
In Figs. 9, 10, and 11, the construction of my improved urinals is shown.
shown in Fig. 9, I construct the same with a concealed perforated flushing pipe p,
preferably formed of copper and covered by slabs xx¹ formed of marble slate or
glass. The top edge of the slaba is about level with the top of the flushing pipe p.
Between the back and the back, I fit the flushing pipe, which is thus protected
from the urine by a slate or marble covering. The flushing pipe p is of a flattened
form and triangular (or approximately thereto) in section. The lower edge of the

page_text: pipe is perforated with holes sufficiently near together to form, practically, a
continuous stream of water down the lower back slab, without obstruction. The
flushing pipe may be formed with a horizontal slot instead of holes, if preferred.
Fig. 10 is a section and Fig. 11 an elevation showing my improved form of
pottery urinal, in which the concealed pipe p, is placed behind the pottery front
the head of the urinal being so formed as to provide a complete flush down
the back face of the basin, and to entirely cover the aperture provided for the
flushing pipes, by the ornamental crown y.
rim,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The several and respective improvements in waterclosets and urinals, and in
flushing, trapping, ventilating and discharging the same, substantially as herein
before described and illustrated by the drawings.
D1101
1001
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.