IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS USED WHEN HEATING BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES BY THE CIRCULATION OF HOT WATER
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Edward Makin Crook, of Halifax, in the
County of York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
USED WHEN HEATING BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES BY THE CIRCULATION
OF HOT WATER.
H
Sealed the 2nd December 1864, and dated the 6th June 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Edward Makin
Crook at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th June 1864.
I, BENJAMIN EDWARD MAKIN CROOK, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE..
MENTS IN BOILERS USED WHEN HEATING BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES BY THE
CIRCULATION OF HOT WATER," to be as follows:-
The object of the improvements in boilers used when heating buildings and
other structures by the circulation of hot water is to obtain increased extent
of heating surface, and a reservoir of the fuel to be consumed adapted to keep
up a continuous feed.
According to one arrangement, when employing a vertical welded boiler with
the fuel in the centre and the water in an annular space surrounding it, I
apply an outer casing to such boiler and a feed tube to the feed hole when
feeding from the top, such tube extending down into the fuel space between
the parts of the boiler to serve as a reservoir of the fuel and to regulate the
amount thereof under combustion at any one time, as also to cause the smoke
and heated products arising from combustion of the fuel to pass over the
whole of the top surface of the boiler and down the outer surface thereof to a
flue passage applied near the lower portion of the boiler.

page_text: According to another part of the improvements the parts of the boiler are
all welded together, but in addition to the space therein for the fire-bars and
for the passing away of the products of combustion horizontally, there are
return passages through the boiler arranged one on each side of the fire-place
y which the heated products of combustion are brought back to the feed end
of the boiler, and then they pass back again through the boiler over the fire
by another passage, by which greatly-extended heating surface is obtained to
a welded boiler.
According to another part of the improvements I apply to a horizontal
cylindrical boiler connecting tubes for the circulation of water through the
flue passage thereof and between its opposite water spaces. These tubes are
by preference larger at their upper than at their lower ends. I also form the
fire-bars tubular, opening into boxes which are connected to the water space
of the boiler by means of screw nipples. There is also a water bridge behind
the fire space.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjanin Edward Makin Crook in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
EDWARD MAKIN CROOK, of Halifax, in the County of York, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Benjamin Edward Makin Crook, Her special licence that I, the said
Benjamin Edward Makin Crook, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Benjamin Edward Makin Crook, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Mau, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS USED WHEN HEATING
BUILDINGS AND OTHER STRUCTURES BY THE CIRCULATION OF HOT WATER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Benjamin Edward Makin Crook,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-

page_text: tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Benjamin Edward Makin Crook, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The object of one part of the improvements in boilers used when heating
buildings and other structures by the circulation of hot water is to obtain
increased extent of heating surface and a reservoir of the fuel to be consumed
adapted to keep up a continuous feed.
When employing a vertical welded boiler with the fuel in the centre and
the water in an annular space surrounding it, I apply an outer casing to such
boiler and a feed tube to the feed hole when feeding from the top, such tube
extending down into the fuel space between the parts of the boiler to serve as
a reservoir of the fuel and to regulate the amount thereof under combustion
at any one time, as also to cause the smoke and heated products arising from
combustion of the fuel to pass over the whole of the top surface of the boiler
and down the outer surface thereof to a flue passage applied near the lower
portion of the boiler.
According to another part of the improvements the parts of the boiler are
all welded together; but in addition to the space therein for the fire-bars, and
for the passing away of the products of combustion horizontally, there are
return passages through the boiler arranged one on each side of the fire-place
by which the heated products of combustion are brought back to the feed end
of the boiler, and then they pass back again through the boiler over the fire
by another passage, by which greatly-extended heating surface is obtained to
a welded boiler.
According to another part of the improvements I apply to a horizontal
cylindrical boiler connecting tubes for the circulation of water through the
flue passage thereof and between its opposite water spaces. These tubes are
by preference larger at their upper than at their lower ends. I also form the
fire-bars tubular, opening into boxes, which are connected to the water space
of the boiler by means of screw nipples. There is also a water bridge behind
the fire space.
That my improvements may be better understood I will, by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, proceed to describe means by which I carry the
şame into effect.

page_text: Figure 1 shows a front view, Figure 2 a vertical section, Figure 3 a hori-
zontal section, and Figure 4 a plan of apparatus arranged according to the
first part of the improvements.
a, a, represents a vertical cylindrical boiler in which the water space is
obtained by the annular space formed between the inner cylindrical surface a¹
of it and the outer or concentric cylindrical surface a². This boiler rests, as
indicated, upon the upper plate 61 of the base b, the interior of which forms
the ash-pit; c,c, are the fire-bars, which rest in a groove formed on this upper
plate b; d is an outer casing surrounding the boiler at a short distance from
it, so as to leave an annular space e between it and the boiler for the circula.
tion of heated products, as hereafter explained. The lower edge of this outer
case rests in a groove on the plate 61, and the upper part is enclosed by the
plate f, which forms a cover to the whole. This plate is formed with an
opening capable of being closed by a cover f, through which fuel for con-
sumption may be supplied to the central fire-chamberg over the bars c. This
plate has also formed on or affixed to it the tube f* which acts as a reservoir
for the fuel, and when the cover f¹ is closed over the fuel so as to prevent a
current of air from passing through it the fuel therein is protected from
ignition until that fuel descends below the lower edge of the tube f¹. When
the fuel in the chamber g is ignited the heat and products of combustion rise
in the annular space between the reservoir fand the inner surface a¹ of the
boiler a, and they then pass over the upper surface thereof, as indicated by the
arrows, to the outside of the boiler, by which they are caused to act upon and
impart heat to the whole surface thereof before passing away by the flue hi
a³ is an opening formed in the lower part of the front of the boiler, and i is a
passage, closed by a door i, in the casing opposite the opening a³ to admit of
free access being obtained to the interior or fire chamber for raking the fuel
or clearing the bars, or removing the fuel therefrom. 'The passage between
the boiler a and the casing d at this part is closed at the top and sides by a
plate j; k is a sliding cover over the opening to the ash-pit. I apply white
lead mixed with a little red lead, or putty, or other suitable cement around
the edges of the case d resting on the plate 61, as well as where it is recieved
into the edge of the plate f, to prevent the escape of smoke and gaseous pro-
ducts at those parts; a' and a³ are parts of the pipes communicating with the
boiler for the desired circulation.
Figure 5 shows an end view, Figure 6 a transverse section, and Figure 7 a
side sectional view of a welded iron boilerarranged according to another part

page_text: of my improvements. In this case is the ordinary space for the fire-bars
and the support of the fuel consumed, and in addition thereto there are side
spaces m, m, extending through the boiler, through each of which, when the
boiler is set in brickwork, as is well understood, the products of combustion
may pass back to the front of the boiler, and thence by channels in the brick-
work be directed into another channel n formed in a similar manner through
the boiler over the fire space, by which the heated products are conveyed back
again to a suitable flue.
Figures 8 and 9 show two transverse sections, and Figure 10 à longitudinal
section of an arrangement of boiler according to another part of my improve-
ments. In this case the boiler is of welded iron of a cylindrical shape, and in
use it is set horizontally. p, p, are the fire-bars; q, the fire bridge, all
which are formed hollow, and they act in communication with the other parts
of the boiler in order that the heat they receive by the combustion of the fuel
may be communicated directly to the water of the boiler; r, r, are tubes
connecting the upper with the lower portion of the boiler in the flue
space
beyond the fire bridge. These tubes are by preference larger at their upper
ends than at their lower ends, to aid the circulation of the water therein as it
is heated.
Having thus described my improvements, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is,
First, the adaptation or combination of parts forming a boiler for heating
buildings and other structures by the circulation of hot water, as described in
respect of Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Secondly, I claim the arrangement of boiler for heating buildings and other
structures by the circulation of hot water, as described in respect of Figures 5,
6, and 7.
Thirdly, I claim the arrangement of boiler for heating buildings and other
structures by the circulation of hot water, as described in respect of Figures 8,
9, and 10.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Edward Makin Crook, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
BENJAMIN EDWARD MAKIN CROOK. (L.B.)