IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND VENTILATING, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR THE IMPROVEMENTS BEING PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Rowan, of Coleshill Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND
VENTILATING, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR THE IMPROVEMENTS BEING PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Rowan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th December 1881.
THOMAS ROWAN, of Coleshill Street, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND VENTILATING, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR THE
IMPROVEMENTS BEING PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES.”
This Invention relates to improved means or apparatus for introducing fresh
warmed air to railway and other carriages, buildings and the like, also to means
of treating such air so as to render it moist for certain purposes such as for use in
mills and to the treatment of air so as to adapt it for medicinal or for curative
purposes for use in hospitals, sick rooms and the like.
In carrying out my improvements for introducing fresh warmed air to railway
carriages I provide a lamp suitably placed in the sides or ends of the carriage;
one or inore tubes or passages (by preference curved) passes or pass through the
lamp one end of such tubes or passages being open to the air and provided with a
trumpet mouth or its equivalent so that the forward motion of the carriage causes
the air to be forced through the hereinbefore described tubes or passages; and as
such tubes or passages are heated externally by the said lamp the air as it passes
through them is warmed and then before entering the carriage it passes through a
filtering box of suitable construction where the air is freed from dust and if
required from injurious gases or vapours also. The filtering box may be dispensed
with. The said lamp is provided with a casing and with a funnel for the discharge
of the products of combustion and may be heated by gas or oil. The said funnel
may also serve to discharge the vitiated air from the interior of the carriage by
means of suitable openings communicating with the interior of the carriage.

page_text: In the case of buildings the arrangement is substantially the same as that
herein before described for railway carriages except that to establish the required
current, the inlet from the atmosphere is at a lower level than the outlet by which
the air enters the filtering box; this filtering box or chamber is provided on the
bottom with a tray for holding water or other liquid; coke or other porous
material being placed in the chamber in and above the water the air thus becomes
moistened and filtered before entering the chamber; in the case of spinning mills,
the filtering chamber should be so arranged that the water shall be heated as
required.
Further, in the case of hospitals for consumptives or those suffering from
bronchial affections, I provide the filtering chamber with a tray for containing
pine oil, over which the air is made to pass before entering the chamber, and if
required the air before entering the chamber may also be caused to pass through
or over coke saturated or treated with pine oil.
Pine oil, or coke or other suitable porous material saturated with pine oil may
be used without the aid of heat for curative purposes and by means of other forms
of apparatus.
In stoves instead of allowing the burned or used air to escape into the room or
chamber in its impure state as at present I treat tho said air by causing it to pass
into a chamber partly filled with water or a solution for the purpose of purifying
the said air or products of combustion and if required this said air may be also
nade to pass over purifying agents such as lime and sulphate of iron before being
discharged.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Rowan in the Great Seal Patent Office on tho 7th June
1882.
THOMAS ROWAN, of Colesbill Street, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer..
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING AND VENTILATING AND APPARATUS THEREFOR, THE
IMPROVEMENTS BEING PARTLY APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to improved means or apparatus for introducing fresh
warmed air to railway and other carriages, buildings and the like, also to means
of treating such air so as to render it moist for certain purposes such as for uso in
mills, and to the treatment of air so as to adapt it for medicinal or for curative
purposes for use in hospitals, sick rooms and the like.
In carrying out my improvements for introducing fresh warmed air to railway
carriages I provide a lamp suitably placed in the sides or ends of the carriage,
one or more tubes or passages (by preference curved) passes or pass through the
lamp case one end of such tubes or passages being open to the air and provided
with a trumpet inouth or its equivalent so that the forward motion of the carriage
causes the air to be forced through the hereinbefore described tubes or passages;
and as such tubes or passages are heated externally by the said lamp the air as it
passes through them is warmed and then before entering the carriage it passes
through a filtering box of suitable construction where the air is freed from dust
and if required from injurious gases or vapours also. The filtering box may bo
dispensed with. The said lamp is provided with a casing and with a funnel for
the discharge of the products of combustion and may be heated by gas or oil.
The said funnel may also servo to discharge the vitiated air from the interior of
the carriage by means of suitable openings communicating with the interior of the
carriage.
In the case of buildings the arrangement is substantially the same as that
hereinbefore described for railway carriages except that to establish the required
current, the inlet from the atmosphere is at a lower level than the outlet by which
the air enters the filtering box; this filtering box or chamber is provided on the
bottom with a tray for holding water or other liquid; coke or other porous material
being placed in the chamber in and above the water the air thus becomes moistened
and filtered before entering the chamber; in the case of spinning mills the filtering
chamber should be so arranged that the water shall be heated as required.
Further, in the case of hospitals for consumptives or those suffering from
bronchial affections I provide the filtering chamber with a tray for containing pine
oil or eucalyptus oil which has properties like those of pine oil over which the air is
inade to pass before entering the chamber, and if required the air before entering
the chamber may also be caused to pass through or over coko saturated or treated
with the above mentioned oil or oils.
Pine oil, or coke or other suitable porous material saturated with pine oil,
may be used without the aid of heat for curative purposes and by means of other
forms of apparatus.
In stoves instead of allowing the burned or used air to escape into the room or
chamber in its impure state as at present I treat the said air by causing it to pass
into a chamber partly filled with water or a solution for the purpose of purifying
the said air or products of combustion and if required this said air may be also
made to pass over purifying agents such as lime and sulphate of iron before being
discharged.

page_text: In order to enable my Invention to be better understood and readily carried
into effect I will now proceed to describe the same by reference to the accom-
panying Drawing in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section and Figure 2 a
transverse section shewing my improvements applied to a railway carriage for
introducing fresh warmed air into the same Figure 3 is a vertical section showing
any improvements applied to a building Figure 4 is a vertical section of a modi-
fication of the arrangement shown in Figure 3 Figure 5 is a section of a stove
constructed according to my Invention Similar letters in all the Figures represent
similar or corresponding parts.
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 1 and 2 for introducing fresh warmed air
into railway carriages a a a represent the case of the lamp b the said case is
suitably fixed to the side or end of the railway carriage Acc' are the tubes or
passages passing through the lamp case a and opening into chambers d e and fas
shewn in Figure 1 the chamber d being in communication with the external air
by means of the tube or pipe 5 provided with a trumpet mouth or cap h at its
upper end Figure 6 shows a trumpet mouth or cap which I have found to answer
well in practice i is the filtering box containing water and coko or other filtering
medium partition or deflector for causing the heated air to circulate around the
air tubes cc opening leading to the discharge funnel for the escape of the
products of combustion from the lainp.
By this arrangement the external air being forced by the motion of the carriage
into the chamber & through the cap h and tube g will pass through the tubes c c
into the chamber e and thence through the tubes c' c¹ into the chamber and tho
said air in its passage will be warmed or heated by the heat from the lamp b
circulating around the chamber e and tubes c c' as shewn by the arrows the warmed
air from the chamber f then passes into the filtering box i whereby it is freed
from dust and if required from injurious gases or vapours also by placing suitable
purifying agents in the filtering box i the air thus warmed and cleansed or purified
then passes into the carriage through the louvres or openings in the front of the
box Gas or oil may be employed for heating the air.
The arrangement shewn in Figure 3 as applied to a building is substantially the
same as that herein before described for railway carriages and its operation is as
follows: The exterior air enters by the inlet g and passes into the chamber &
and through the tubes c chamber e and tubes c' and will be heated in its passage
by means of the heat from the burners bbb circulating round the tubes c clas
shewn by the arrows the heated air from the tubes c' passes into the filtering box
or chamber i and is deflected by the plate q covered with fabric r onto the water m
or other liquid contained in a tray in the bottom of the chamber i coke or other
porous material is placed in the chamber above the water and on a perforated tray as
shewn at in is a trough in the chamber the said trough containing any suitable
disinfecting liquid in which dips the fabric o the air thus becomes moistened
filtered and disinfected before it passes through the openings into the room
the case of spinning mills arrangements should be provided for heating the water m
to increase the amount of moisture.
In
The modified arrangement shewn in Figure 4 will be understood without
further description similar letters to those used in Figure 3 being used to
represent similar or corresponding parts in Figure 4.
This modification is
however more specially adapted where a fire or furnace is employed for heating
the air instead of gas or oil although gas or oil may be employed.
Further in the case of hospitals for consumptives or those suffering from
bronchial affections I place in filtering chambers such as are herein before referred
to or in air inlet pipes or chambers through which ventilating currents of air are
made to pass trays or vessels containing pine oil or eucalyptus oil over which the
air is made to pass before entering the chamber and if required the air before
entering the chamber may also be caused to pass through or over coke saturated or
treated with pine oil or essential oil as aforesaid for the purposos stated.
Pine oil or coke or other suitablo porous material saturated with pino oil or

page_text: eucalyptus oil as aforesaid may be used without the aid of heat for curative
purposes and by means of other forms of apparatus than those described.
By the employinent of pine oil or eucalyptus oil in the manner described I am
enabled to provide air the conditions of which correspond with the air of those
climates which have been proved to be beneficial to persons afflicted with the
various forms of pulmonary and bronchial affections with the further advantage of
being able to maintain comparative uniformity of the curative conditions required.
It will be evident that by my improvements other forms of diseases than those
above named may be treated by employing suitable antiseptic disinfecting aromatic
or balsamic agents.
In all cases peroxyde of hydrogen can be used with advantage. with my
improvements for treating incoming air.
I will now describe the stove shown in Figure 5 which is given as an illustration
of a simple method of carrying out my improvements as applied to a gas stove it.
will be evident that the same principle may be adapted to other forms of stoves or
fire places whether for heating or cooking purposes a a is the case or body of the
stove provided with the tubes c and c' the back end of the tubes c c¹ opening into
the chamber e and the front ends of the tubes c opening into the chamber f
provided with a discharge nozzle f' opening into the tube which tube / is also
open to the filtering and purifying chamber i partly filled as shewn with water or
a suitable purifying solution and provided with trays containing lime sulphate
of iron or other suitable purifying agent. The operation is as follows:-The
burners being lighted air from the room or building (or from the outside of the
room or building) will pass through the tubes c into the chamber e and thenco
through the tubes c' into the chamber fand out through the nozzle f' of suitable.
construction into the discharge tube the said air in its passago will become
warmed or heated by the heat from the burners 6 which passes around the said.
tubes as shewn by the arrows the used or burnt air with the products of com-
bustion having circulated around the tubes c and c¹ enters the chamber i through
the openings pp' and is caused to pass over and through the water or solution m
and over the lime or sulphate of iron or other purifying material in the trays i'
and the said burnt or used air and products of combustion will be thus thoroughly
condensed and purified before passing into the room through the outlet tube It
should be remarked that the beated air from the chamber f induces a current in
the outlet tube and thereby assists the passage of the air through the chamber i
The nozzle f¹ may be constructed with one or more openings and may be made to
impart a spiral motion to the air.
No chimney or flue is required with a stove constructed according to my
Invention.
For ordinary fire places or stoves burning coal or other fuel I produce an
induced current by a gas jet or oil lamp which induced current serves to draw the
products of combustion from the stove or fire place through the filtering and
purifying chamber.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the manner of
performing the same I wish it to be understood that I do not claim broadly the
inere heating of air by causing it to pass through a series of tubes to which heat is
applied for warming and ventilating purposes. But what I do claim is—
Firstly The general arrangement and construction of apparatus for warming and
cleansing or purifying air before entering railway carriages operating substantially
in the manner herein before described and represented in Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying Drawing.
Secondly The general arrangement and construction of apparatus for warming
moistening and otherwise treating air before entering buildings and factories
substantially as herein before described and represented respectively in Figures 3
and 4 of the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly The use as heroin described of currents of air charged with or with
exhalations from pine oil or eucalyptus oil so as to supply chambers with the

page_text: atmosphere found to be beneficial in the treatment of certain diseases substantially
in the manner herein before described.
Fourthly Constructing stoves in the manner described whereby the used or
burnt air and products of combustion are condensed and purified before leaving the
stove in the manner and for the purposes bereinbefore described and represented
in Figure 5 of the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof I the said Thomas Rowan have hereto set my hand and
seal this Sixth day of June in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty two.
Witness,
G. F. REDFERN,
Patent Agent,
4, South St.,
Finsbury.
London.
THOMAS ROWAN. (L.S.)