Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1888.
GEORGE ROSE, of 5 Avenue Place, Springburn, Glasgow, Lanarkshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
1―
My invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved construction of oil
and steam spray lamp and its fittings, or arrangement and combination of its parts,
which is more particularly adapted for portable lamps or burners, for lighting
purposes which draws in its own air to support combustion in the flame chamber and
does not require compressed air, and which produces a longer and better light than
oil and steam lamps have done as heretofore constructed.
The nature and novelty of the invention consists, First, in the use of a portable
steam boiler with furnace underneath and enclosing case over it the whole being
mounted portably on wheels or feet, and having handles to facilitate its removal
from place to place wherever the light might be required, the boiler producing the
pressure steam for the use of the lamp, the steam being preferably led up direct
through a stand tube or pipe carried and secured on the top of the boiler; surrounded
outside by a funnel or flue tube erected round it over the case covering in the boiler
and furnace, for the escape of the hot gases from the furnace, with a lateral branch
or other equivalent at top for carrying off the products of combustion, and for
superheating the steam passing up the said internal tube to the burner at top.
A further improvement consists in heating the oil on its way to the burner by the
heat of the steain of the boiler or the heat from the furnace. The oil is passed up to
the burner by a small tube passed up through the centre of the said steam tube, so
as to be heated nearly the whole way up to the burner, both tubes passing from the
inside of the boiler through a steam socket fitted as a stuffing box for the oil tube
and to prevent the steam passing. By one arrangement, the end of the oil tube
passing through the stuffing box into the boiler, would be bent or coiled within the
water and steam space of the boiler, so as to heat the oil within the tube and
taken out through another stuffing box socket in the shell of the boiler, and connected
to a small oil tank to hold preferably from three to eight gallons of oil for a portable

page_text: arrangement. A regulating valve or tap is provided on this pipe near the boiler for
case in regulating the feed of the oil to the burner. This oil cistern or tank might
either be erected on a bracket over the boiler or adjacent to it a foot or so above
the burner to raise the heated oil to the burner by gravitation, or the cistern might
be mounted within at the side of or over the boiler or made as a separate partitioned
off part or section of the boiler to be heated either by the steam of the boiler or
by the heated gases from the furnace, which would raise sufficient pressure within
the oil vessel to force the oil up to the burner, or the pressure of steam from the
boiler may be admitted over the oil to force it up to the burner. The steam would
be led from the steam boiler, preferably through a short stand socket branch,
having a gauge and safety valve fitted to it, and a lateral branch with screw valve
or cock to convey and regulate the steam by a lateral branch at the lower end
to the said super-heating steam pipe, within the flue or funnel over the stuffing box
closing it and the oil tube from connection with the boiler. A further improvement
consists in an improved construction of the burner and combining or mixing chamber
and combustion or flame chamber above. The socket of the combining chamber is
formed hollow, and has the upper end of the oil tube screwed fluid-tight into its
upper end, leading to a central nipple with a central oil jet hole and having a series
of small holes all round it, from the hollow interior steam space, which is connected
by a screw nipple and jam nuts or other equivalent to the steam pipe surrounding the
oil pipe, and leading the steam into the hollow chamber round it within the socket.
This socket is made in the form of a screw plug or bush for screwing fluid tight into
the bottom of a small combining steam and spray oil chamber which is made with
a solid end above, with a central hole through it sufficiently large to allow the spray
jet of oil and steam to pass through it up into the combustion chamber made much
larger in diameter and screwed or secured on the outer upper end of the combining
chamber with air holes for the admission of air the flame jet drawn in by the force
of the spray jet which ignites some inches above the air inlet holes and combining
chamber, and produces a bright flame of four or five feet long above the combustion
chamber, with a very few pounds pressure of steam and the oil so heated as
described. In some cases the steam may be further superheated before entering the
lower socket of the nozzle and combining chamber by passing it through a coiled
pipe round the interior or the outside of the combustion chamber, or by an
undulating pipe fitted within the furnace or fire grate of the steam boiler. The air
or a part of the air to support the combustion of the flame might also be admitted
into the combining or mixing chamber by small holes in its side preferably near the
lower end, so that the force of the jet of steam might draw in the air and mix it
with the steam and oil spray jet forced out through the hole in the centre of the
upper end of the combining chamber. And a drain branch and tap would preferably
be fitted to the lower conical end of the combustion chamber secured on the top of
the combining chamber to draw off any condensed steam or spray of the oil which
may collect there.
D
T
_ 1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Connected with Spray Lamps.
I, GEORGE ROSE of 3 Avenue Place Springburn, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a new or improved construction of oil and steam spray
lamp and it has for its object to construct lamps of this class in such a manner that
they are self contained and can be made portable if desired and at the same time by
means of an improved construction of burner and combining or mixing chamber in
conjunction with an improved method of heating the oil is made capable of
producing a better light than that obtained from oil and steam spray lamps as
heretofore constructed. Although the lamp is more particularly adapted for lighting
purposes it can with equal facility be used for heating purposes.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of carrying the same into
effect or practice may be clearly understood I have hereunto appended two explanatory
sheets of drawings, on sheet 1, of which, fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved
spray lamp fig. 2, a longitudinal section; and fig. 3 a transverse section of the same.
Figs. 4 and 5, are detail views to an enlarged scale of the oil and steam combining or
mixing chamber. On sheet 2, fig. 6 is a side elevation of a modified arrangement and
wherein the oil is supplied to the burner by gravitation; fig. 7 is a vertical section
of the stand tube fig. 6; whilst fig. 8, shows in longitudinal section the lamp as used
for heating purposes.
In these drawings the same reference letters indicate the same
or like parts wherever they are repeated.
Referring to sheet 1, of the drawings the portable oil and steam spray lamp as
constructed under this arrangement of my invention consists of a hollow vessel A,
preferably cylindrical in shape and having capped or domed ends A', A, or the ends
may be flat if desired. This vessel, which is supported on saddles A³, rivetted to
an enclosing sheet metal casing B, is or may be divided by a capped or domed
partition B into two separate compartments, the compartment C, forming the steam
boiler of the lamp and the compartment D, forming the oil reservoir or chamber.
The steam boiler is provided with a water filling tube E and a cleaning screw F
screwed into its end A¹. The oil reservoir or tank D, has also a filling tube G and
cleaning screw H. Instead of dividing the vessel A, into two compartments, the
partition B may be done away with and the vessel A, used exclusively as a steam
generator in which case oil is supplied to the lamp by gravitation. This arrange-
ment is illustrated at fig. 6 sheet 2, the steam generator A being shown in dotted
lines.
Underneath the steam boiler C, a fire of coke, charcoal or coal is placed in a
rectangular fire box I, with grate I'. The fire.box which is made capable of sliding
upon angle irons J, rivetted to each side of the casing B, has a handle J¹, fig. 2,
secured to it for the purpose of easy withdrawal through the door K, in the casing,
when fresh fuel is required or for other purposes, upon the fuel being put in the fire

page_text: box it is immediately pushed back into position and the door K, can then be closed.
As it is not desired that the oil contained in the reservoir D, be vapourized by the
heat of the fire but that only sufficient pressure be generated within the oil reservoir
to force up the oil to the burner of the lamp, the fire box I is of such length as to be
only under the steam boiler C, and the greater part of the hot gases of combustion
are prevented from passing underneath the oil reservoir D, by means of a
partition L, which is secured to the casing B and surrounds the vessel A. The
partition is however terminated at L, as seen more particularly at fig. 3, a few
inches above the fire box so as to afford passage for a sinall quantity of the heated
gases to pass under the oil reservoir D. The heat thus afforded together with the
heat of contact from the steam boiler has been found sufficient to generate a pressure
within the reservoir D capable of raising the oil to the oil burner f. Should it
however be desired to heat the oil to a greater extent the fire box can be easily slid
backward so as to come partly under the oil reservoir care being taken that the heat
shall not be sufficient to vapourize the oil. In some cases the steam from the boiler
may be admitted over the oil to force it up to the burner. The waste hot gases from
the fire after heating the boiler C, are allowed to escape from the upper part of
the closing in casing B, through a funnel or flue tube M extending up to or
partly up to the burner and secured to and supported on the casing B, by a nozzle
piece M. The flue tube has preferably a lateral branch M² or other equivalent at
top for carrying off the products of combustion.
The steam generated in the boiler C is led by a vertical stand socket pipe N,
having a pressure gauge a, and a spring or weighted lever safety valve & fitted to its
upper end, through a lateral branch N, having a wheel check valve O, for regulating
the steam supply, into a stand tube or pipe P, encased within the funnel or flue
tube M. The stand tube P, which is at its base screwed into the top of the boiler C,
extends to such height as it is desired to have the combustion box or flame chamber Q.
The oil is passed up from the reservoir D, to the burner nozzle by a small tube or
pipe R whose lower end extends to within a short distance of the bottom of the oil
tank D and whose upper end is screwed into a stuffing gland or piece S, this gland
is screwed into the inside of a stand tube T, whose lower end is securely screwed into
the shell of the oil reservoir D, and passes up through the casing B. The gland S
has a small passaget bored in it for the purpose of allowing the air, contained in the
upper part of the reservoir DD, which expands with the heat to indicate the pressure
within the oil vessel upon the gauge U, secured to the stand tube T. The stand
tube T is also provided with a spring or other safety valve V to allow the gas, should
any be generated within the oil vessel, and the expanded air to blow off on the
pressure becoming too great. In actual practice with the arrangement of fire box
and dividing partition shown the pressure in the oil vessel D seldom or never exceeds
a few pounds. The oil pipe R, is connected by a passage c in the gland S, with a lateral
branch pipe W, screw jointed at one end to the stand tube T and at the other end to
the steam tube or pipe P, this lateral branch is furnished with a wheel check valve X,
for regulating the supply of oil to the burner nozzle f of the lamp. The oil from
the lateral branch pipe W is led up through a passage d, made in a stuffing gland
or piece e, screwed steam tight into the inside of the steam pipe P for the purpose of
preventing steam passing up the said pipe direct from the boiler . Into the upper
end of the stuffing gland or piece e, an oil tube Y is screwed, this oil tube is encased
by the steam pipe P and has screwed into or on its upper end the small burner nipple
or nozzle pipe from which the oil after passing up the tube Y issues in the form of
a fine jet.
This oil jet becomes intermixed with and is thrown into a spray
by the steam which issues from the steam tube P, through a number of sinall
holes or orifices 9 (see figs. 4 and 5, sheet 1,) made in the top of a hollow
socket piece which is screwed into or otherwise connected to the top of
the steam pipe P, screwed on top of this socket h, is a small chamber Z, wherein
the oil from the nipple f and the steam issuing through the holes 9, is inti-
mately mixed and combined. The mixing chamber Z is made solid at top
with a central hole j through it sufficiently large to allow the spray jet of oil

page_text: and steam to pass through it up into the combustion box Q. The combustion box Q
may be of spherical form as shown on sheet 1, or of the form shown at sheet 2, or of
any other convenient and suitable shape. On sheet 1, the combustion box Q is shown
as supported by means of small stays or supports k, rivetted at one end to the com-
bustion box and the other end to a cup or vessel 1, which is screwed to the top of the
mixing chamber Z, the cup Z being so arranged as to form an annular space for a
current of air (as indicated by the arrows figs. 1, 2 & 3) to pass into the combustion
box through the hole or opening m formed in its under side, the air current being
induced by the suction arising from the forcible issue of the steam & oil spray from
the mixing chamber Z. The combustion chamber Q has in its upper part a hole or
orifice n, from which the flame issues. The cup is or may be provided with a drain
branch, for the purpose of drawing off any condensed steam or spray of the oil
which may collect there.
Sometimes when it is desired to superheat the steam before mixing it with the oil
jet, the steam may be led through a coil connection o, fig. 3, placed around or near
the mouth of the flame chamber Q and to prevent steam passing direct up the steam
tube without first going through the coil a stuffing gland or piece shown in dotted
lines at o' is inserted in the tube between the connections p, p of the coil tube o.
Under the arrangement shown at figs. 6 & 7, sheet 2, the whole of the vessel A
which in this case is without the dividing partition is used as a steam generator, the
steam passing up the stand tube N (fig. 6) through the lateral branch N¹ and into the
steam pipe P as before, from whence it passes as seen at fig. 7, through channels 1,
bored in a solid piece 2, screwed in the top of the steam pipe P, and passes into the
steam chamber h which surrounds the oil burner or nozzle and keeps the oil
therein heated. From the chamber h the steam issues through an annular opening h
surrounding the oil nipple or burner, instead of through holes as before described
and shown at figs. 4 & 5 sheet 1, into the mixing chamber Z. The mixing chamber
under this arrangement instead of being solid with a central hole at top, is made
of an open cylindrical shape with a number of air holes 3, made in it near its
lower end through which an induced current of air as shown by the arrows is
admitted to the spray jet which issues from the nipple f and annular opening ',
these air holes are preferably made so that their lower sides will be in line with
the top of the oil nozzle or burner as by this means better combustion is secured.
Upon the top of the mixing chamber Z is a combustion box Q, made of an inverted
conical piece 4, which supports a cylindrical casing 5, the parts being joined
together by a rivet or lap joint, inserted in the inside of the casing 5, is an internal
annular tube 6, heated air passing down to the flame as indicated by the arrows
between the tube 6 and casing 5. As will be seen the several parts of the stand
tube supporting the combustion box are all screw jointed, thus affording facility
for taking apart for cleaning or inspection purposes. The oil may be either supplied
through the pipe 7, provided with a regulating cock S, to the burner nozzle f
from the gravitation tank D, which can be supported on the casing B by the stay
or support 9, for a portable arrangement or supported on a conveniently arranged
tressle or stand for a fixed arrangement, or the oil may be supplied from the oil
compartment of a vessel A, in the same manner as that described and shown at
fig. 2, sheet 1, or it may be supplied from a separate oil tank D, placed within
the casing B and alongside the steam generator as shown at fig. 8, in this
latter case in order that the oil should not be boiled or distilled by the hot gases
of combustion from the fire I, the partition L is placed between the oil tank D
and the steam boiler C, the fire box being only allowed to pass a few inches in rear
of the partition L.
The arrangement at fig. 8, shows the application of the lamp for heating
purposes in this case the stand tube which is of the same construction as shown at
fig. 7, is bent into a horizontal position and screwed into an elbow piece 10, fitted on
the steam pipe P. In this case instead of having a spherical or cylindrical com-
bustion box, a combustion box 11, of conical shape is used, the combustion box may
have wire gauze at 12, where the induced current of air is admitted as shown by the

page_text: arrows, and is held in position by arms 13, secured to the top of the mixing chamber.
Oil may be supplied to the burner either from the tank D as shown or from a
gravitation tank as indicated in dotted lines.
The whole apparatus is or may be mounted portably on wheels 9, or feet, with
handles for facilitating its easy removal from place to place wherever the lamp is
required.
Under either of the arrangements shown at figs. 2 and 8, oil may be supplied to the
reservoir from an oil tank or receptacle from which it is pumped through a hose
connection into the filling tube G.
It is obvious, when a cheap arrangement of lamp is required, that the portable
boiler and casing can be dispensed with and the lamp stand tube shown at figs. 6 and 7,
sheet 2, and at fig. 2, sheet 1, be fitted on top of a stationary steam boiler or on a
steam pipe connection. In this case oil is supplied by gravity from a tank fitted up
on a tressle or stand or on a wall bracket in convenient proximity to the lamp.
Although I have described and shown several forms of combustion box I wish it to
be understood that I lay no special claim thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The general arrangement and combination of parts of the improved spray lamp
substantially as herein before described, and shown at sheet 1 and under the modified
arrangements at sheet 2 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In a spray lamp, working with steam, a portable steam boiler with heat
generating fire underneath and enclosing case over it the whole being mounted on
wheels or feet for the purpose of easy removal from place to place and constructed
substantially as hereinbefore described and shown on the drawings annexed.
3. In a spray lamp, working with steam, the application and use of a vessel A,
divided into two separate compartments the one for containing oil and the other for use
as a steam generator and mounted portably on wheels or feet, substantially as herein-
before described and shown on the drawings annexed.
4. In a spray lamp, working with steam, the application and use for the purposes
set forth of an oil reservoir D, and separate steam boiler C, with heat generating fire
underneath the whole being enclosed within a casing and mounted portably on wheels
or feet, substantially as herein before described and shown at fig. 8, sheet 2, of the
drawings.
5. In a portable arrangement of spray lamp working with steam the improved
method of heating the oil by passing it up to the burner through a small inner tube
surrounded by a steam tube of larger diameter which is again enveloped by the funnel
or flue tube substantially as hereinbefore described and shown on sheet 1, of the annexed
drawings.
6. In a portable or stationary spray lamp, worked with steam, a combining or
mixing chamber Z, having a hollow steam socket or chamber screwed into its lower
end and provided with a series of small steam jet holes or their equivalent around a
central oil nipple substantially as hereinbefore described and shown at figs. 4 and 5
sheet 1 and under the modified arrangement at sheet 2 of the drawings.
Dated this Twenty seventh day of September 1888.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
17, Hope Street, Glasgow,
Agent.