Improvements in Apparatus for Distributing Disinfectants.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1889-Accepted, 28th Sept.,
1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Distributing Disinfectants.
Wе THOMAS ROWAN of Esplaindo House, Weston-super-Mare, in the County of
Somerset, Sanitary Engineer, and LOUIS HAKEMAN, Manager of the Coal Tar
Disinfectant Company, of Penton Works, Penton Street, Pentonville, in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturers of Sanitary Compounds, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows
The said invention relates to the diffusion in a fine spray of a disinfectant fluid
and consists of an improved apparatus whereby the disinfectant, even though it be a
viscous fluid, liable to deposition of sediment, or mixed with small crystals or other foreign
matter, can be fed in extremely small quantities with perfect regularity to a finely
divided water spray jet, without risk of the action of the apparatus being impeded,
rendered irregularly, or stopped by any such accumulation of deposit or by thickness
of the fluid.
This is effected as follows-A constant supply of water, at a suitable pressure, is
required for the maintenance of a spray jet from a suitable nozzle, the extreme
fineness of the spray being effected in this apparatus by the water issuing through
two holes in the nozzles so that the streams imperage upon one another and thereby
become divided into the finest spray. Or a similar effect may be produced by a
single stream impinging against a surface immediately opposite to the jet.
This water supply may be readily obtained from a water main or special cistern
providing a suitable head for the pressure upon the jet.
From the said source of water supply, a small pipe provided with a tap or adjustable
cock or valve carries a constant drip or small flow of water into the open vessel
containing the disinfectant fluid, which is therefore constantly and regularly displaced
by the dripping of the water into the disinfectant vessel.
The said disinfectant is therefore discharged drop by drop or in a small stream
through an overflow pipe, and is conducted so as to fall upon the spray jet where it
issues from its nozzle. The disinfectant is thus carried away by the water jots and
becomes intimately distributed through the body of the spray.
Within the water pipe may be fixed a coned strainer pierced with holes of less
size than those of the jet piece or of the feed tap or valve should the water supply
be so impure as to require such a strainer to prevent danger of clogging of the
orifices.
Should also the apparatus be occasionally out of use and the entry of noxious
fumes feared into the water main when the pipes are empty, in such case a ball
check valve may be employed in the water pipes, permitting the easy flow of water,
but checking return currents of gas.
Should the pressure of the main or cistern be liable to such irregularities that it
effects materially the uniformity of the flow of water feeding the disinfectant, an
intermediate vessel may be introduced between the flow water-tap and the vessel
containing the disinfectant.
The flow from the tap may be always greater than that necessary for the feed of
the disinfectant. An excess will therefore always overflow from the intermediate
vessel and run to waste, and the flow for the feed of the disinfectant will then be
taken from an internal adjustable pipe in the intermediate vessel which always remains
at constant height and pressure.
This apparatus is most particularly applicable to the disinfection of sewers where
a constant flow of water from the mains may be obtained for the jet, and the mist
resulting from the finely divided jet, carrying the disinfectant, is a most convenient
medium for absorbing the sewer gases in the first place, and as it condenses and falls

page_text: to carry the said gasses back into the sewer and at the same time to disinfect the
body of the fluid sewage.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1888.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Distributing Disinfectants.
We, THOMAS ROWAN, formerly of Esplanade House, but now of 3 Royal Crescent,
both in Weston-super-Mare, in the County of Somerset, Sanitary Engineer, and
LOUIS HAKEMAN, Manager of the Coal Tar Disinfectant Company, of Penton Works,
Penton Street, Pentonville in the County of Middlesex, manufacturers of sanitary
compounds, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The said invention relates to the diffusion in a fine spray of a disinfectant fluid,
and consists of an improved apparatus whereby the disinfectant, even though it be a
viscous fluid, liable to deposition of sediment, or mixed with small crystals or other
foreign matter, can be fed in extremely small quantities with perfect regularity to
a finely divided water spray jet, without risk of the action of the apparatus being
impeded, rendered irregular, or stopped, by any such accumulation of deposit or by
the thickness of the fluid.
This is effected as follows:-
A constant supply of water, at a suitable pressure, is required for the maintenance
of a spray jet from a suitable nozzle, the extreme fineness of the spray being effected
in this apparatus by the water issuing through two holes in the nozzlo, so that the
streams impinge upon one another, and thereby become divided into the finest spray.
Or a similar effect may be produced by a single stream impinging against a surface
immediately opposite to the jet.
This water supply may be readily obtained from a water main or special cistern,
providing a suitable head for the pressure upon the jet.
From the said source of water supply, a small pipe provided with a tap or adjustable
cock or valve, carries a constant drip or small flow of water into the open vessel
containing the disinfectant fluid, which is therefore constantly and regularly displaced
by the dripping of the water into the disinfectant vessel.
The said disinfectant is therefore discharged drop by drop or in a small stream
through an overflow pipe, and is conducted so as to fall upon the spray jet where it
issues from its nozzle. The disinfectant is thus carried away by the water jets, and
becomes intimately distributed through the body of the spray.
Within the water pipe may be fixed a coned strainer, pierced with holes of less
size than those of the jet piece, or of the feed tap or valve, should the water supply
be so impure as to require such a strainer, to prevent danger of clogging of the
orifices.
Should also the apparatus be occasionally out of use, and the entry of noxious fumes
feared into the water main when the pipes are empty, in such case a ball check valve
may be employed in the water pipes, permitting the easy flow of water, but checking
return currents of gas.
In order that this invention may be the better understood we now proceed to
describe the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed, reference being had
to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a general sectional elevation of our improved apparatus.
Figure 2 is a general sectional elevation of our apparatus fixed to a sewer
manhole.
A is a screw tap, or union for connection direct to the main or any other source
of uniform water supply. The supply is controlled by the said tan
30 that the

page_text: supply of water is distributed by a spray diffuser C which may be a nozzle provided
with two orifices causing the jets of water to impinge on one another.
A winged channel b is fitted over the spray nozzle to receive the drip of disinfectant
from the syphon tube F, so that the said disinfectant may drop upon the water jets
and thus be thoroughly taken up and distributed by the water sprays. Another tap B
is connected to the main pipe a so as to permit the water by the adjustment of the
said tap B to drip into the tube E of the disinfectant reservoir or drum G. The
accumulation of water upon the surface of the disinfectant in the said drum, will
gradually cause the rise of the level of disinfectant in the delivery tube F, which is
carried nearly to the bottom of the reservoir G, causing a constant dripping supply
from the syphon tube F. The whole apparatus is conveniently mounted upon a
board D so as to be readily affixed to a wall.
The operation of the apparatus is obvious. From the cock B a regulated drip of
water is permitted, which by its displacement causes an equivalent drip of the
disinfectant fluid from the mouth of the syphon pipe F. It is evident that this flow
may be regulated to a nicety by the adjustment of the tap B, and that the flow from
the syphon mouth is not likely to be interrupted by any thickness or deposit of
sediment in the tubes or passages. The drops of disinfectant are guided by the
channel guide on the spray distributor C, down to the spray jet of water, and the
disinfectant being carried away with great violence by the spray becomes intimately
mixed with it and diffused over a large area in a volume of mist.
Should the pressure of the main or cistern be liable to such irregularities, that it
affects materially the uniformity of the flow of water feeding the disinfectant, an
intermediate vessel may be introduced between the flow water tap, and the vessel
containing the disinfectant.
The flow from the tap may be always greater than that necessary for the feed of
the disinfectant. An excess will therefore always overflow from the intermediate
vessel and run to waste, and the flow for the feed of the disinfectant will then be
taken from an internal adjustable pipe in the intermediate vessel, which always
remains at constant height and pressure.
This apparatus is most particularly applicable to the disinfection of sewers, where a
constant flow of water from the mains may be obtained for tho jet, and the mist
resulting from the finely divided jet carrying the disinfectant, is a most convenient
medium for absorbing, in the first place, the sewer gases or the noxious gerins
therein, and as it condenses and falls, to carry the said gases or germs back into the
sewers, and at the same time to disinfect the body of the fluid sewage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1st. The combination of a regulated water drip apparatus such as a cock from a
water main or supply, with a disinfectant reservoir, the water drip causing by
displacement a corresponding drip feed of disinfectant upon a water spray jet, for the
purpose of the diffusion of the disinfectant throughout a water spray mist substantially
as described.
2nd. The application of such a disinfectant water spray apparatus, with automatic
drip feed, to the man-hole or other part of a sewer, substantially as described.
3rd. The combination and construction of parts of such a disinfectant water-spray
apparatus, consisting of a water drip tap, a disinfectant drip feed reservoir, fitted
with drip water pipe and syphon disinfectant feed pipe, and a water spray
nozzle, with winged channel guide for the disinfectant, substantially as herein
described.
Dated this 3rd day of August 1889.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.