IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING SPINNING WOOL, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Stell, Thomas Broughton, and Francis Hall,
of Keighley, in the County of York, Worsted Spinners, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING
Sealed the 1st December 1865, and dated the 8th June 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Stell, Thomas
Broughton, and Francis Hall at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th June 1865.
We, SAMUEL STELL, THOMAS BROUGHTON, and FRANCIS HALL, of Keighley,
in the County of York, Worsted Spinners, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING
AND SPINNING WOOL, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES" to be as
follows:-
It is usual for the top rollers or bosses employed in apparatus for preparing
and spinning wool, silk, flax, and other fibrous substances to be fixed (some-
times singly and sometimes in pairs) to their spindles or axes, and motion is
imparted to them from bottom rollers or bosses by spring or other pressure
applied to their axes pressing the surfaces of such top rollers or bosses on the
surfaces of the bottom rollers or bosses. By the motion thus obtained, it is

page_text: found that a great amount of unnecessary and injurious rubbing or friction is
produced upon the fibre as it passes between such top and bottom rollers or
bosses arising from the friction of the journals or bearings of the axes of the
top rollers or bosses, as well as from the too frequent irregularities of the
surfaces of such rollers and imperfect or irregular work results..
The object of our improvements is to remedy these evils, and we do so by
applying the top rollers or bosses so that they may revolve freely and inde-
pendently between moveable collars or rims on their spindles or axes, and by
giving independent motion by gear or otherwise to such spindles or axes at or
about the same speed as their rollers or bosses.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Stell, Thomas Broughton, and Francis Hall in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
STELL, THOMAS BROUGHTON, and FRANCIS HALL, of Keighley, in the County of
York, Worsted Spinners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said.
Samuel Stell, Thomas Broughton, and Francis Hall, Her special licence that
we, the said Samuel Stell, Thomas Broughton, and Francis Hall, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Samuel Stell,
Thomas Broughton, and Francis Hall, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING WOOL, SILK,
FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Samuel Stell, Thomas Broughton, and Francis Hall, our exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Stell, Thomas Broughton and
Francis Hall, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
It is usual for the top rollers or bosses employed in apparatus for preparing
and spinning wool, silk, flax, and other fibrous substances to be fixed (some-
times singly and sometimes in pairs) to their spindles or axes, and motion is
imparted to them from bottom rollers or bosses by spring or other pressure
applied to their axes pressing the surfaces of such top rollers or bosses on the
-surfaces of the bottom rollers or bosses. By the motion thus obtained it is
found that a great amount of unnecessary and injurious rubbing or friction is
produced upon the fibre as it passes between such top and bottom rollers or
bosses arising from the friction of the journals or bearings of the axes of the
top rollers or bosses as well as from the too frequent irregularities of the
surfaces of such rollers, and the result is imperfect or irregular work.
The object of our improvements is to remedy these evils, and we do so by
applying the top rollers or bosses so that they may revolve freely.and inde-
pendently between moveable collars or rims on their spindles or axes, and by
giving independent motion by gear or otherwise to such spindles or axes at or
about the same speed as their rollers or bosses.
But that the Invention may be fully understood we will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings proceed to describe means pursued by us.
* DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a front view, and Figure 2 a side or end view of part of
apparatus for preparing or spinning fibrous substances arranged according to
our Invention. In each of these views the same letters indicate corresponding
parts. a, a, show parts of the main framing; b, b, show the bottom rollers
which are affixed to the shaft or axis c, and this axis c is supported so as to
revolve freely in bearings carried by the main framing, as is well understood,
and it has applied to it the pulley c¹ to receive the driving band or belt c³.
d, d, are the upper rollers which in place of being attached to their axis are
capable of revolving freely thereon or of allowing the axis or shaft e to revolve
within them. These rollers d, d, are kept in correct position on the axis e by
means of the collars f,f, which are fixed to the axis e by suitable set screws
or otherwise. Upon the axis c is affixed the pinion g, and upon the axis e
the pinion h, and these two pinions are geared together by means of the
intermediate toothed wheels i and j, which may be varied as may be also the
means of giving motion to the axis of the top rollers or bosses. We prefer

page_text: that the relation between the wheels g and h be such that the speed of the
axle e be slightly in advance of that due to the surface speed of the drums d, d,
and b, b; but this may be varied. Figures 3 and 4 show a front view and a
side view of part of apparatus with a pair of drawing rollers similarly
arranged, but having an apron passing over one of the rollers, k represents
this apron. The other parts are indicated by corresponding letters applied to
Figures 1 and 2.
Having thus described our Invention, and means which we adopt in carrying
the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not confine
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements shown and described, as these
may be varied without departing from the peculiar character of our improve-
ments, but what we claim is, the arranging the top rollers or bosses in
apparatus employed in preparing and spinning wool, silk, flax, and other
fibrous substances so that such rollers or bosses may revolve freely and inde-
pendently on their spindles or axes, and that such spindles or axes may have
independent motion given to them in manner substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samul Stell, Thomas Broughton,
and Francis Hall, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this First
day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five.
SAMUEL STELL.
(L.B.)
THOMAS BROUGHTON. (L.S.)
FRANCIS HALL.
(L.S.)