IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING VESSELS, AND FOR ELEVATING AND OTHERWISE CONVEYING SACKS, CASKS, AND OTHER PACKAGES, PARCELS, OR OBJECTS, FROM ONE LOCALITY TO ANOTHER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Wallis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th June
1863.
I, RICHARD WALLIS, of Basingstoke, in the County of Hants, Corn and
Coal Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING VESSELS, AND FOR
ELEVATING AND OTHERWISE CONVEYING SACKS, CASKS, AND OTHER PACKAGES,
PARCELS, OR OBJECTS, FROM ONE LOCALITY TO ANOTHER," to be as follows:-
One part of my Invention has reference to that class of apparatus or
mechanism for loading and unloading vessels, or for elevating or otherwise
conveying goods of any description from one locality to another, known by the
name of "derricks," in which a fixed upright post or frame is connected by
means of hauling tackle, to a moveable "jib," the lower end of which jib is
binged at or near the bottom of the fixed post or frame, whilst the upper end,
carrying the goods, is raised, lowered, or turned, by means of the hauling
tackle.
My Invention consists in constructing a derrick with two moveable jibs in
combination with a fixed post or frame or its equivalent, which jibs are
arranged in such connection with each other by means of suitable mechanism,
that in effecting the motion of the one jib, by means of the hauling tackle,

page_text: such jib is caused to impart a precisely corresponding motion in the reverse
direction to the other jib, the mechanism connecting the two jibs being at the
same time capable of such adjustment, that whether the amount of motion
imparted to the one jib be large or small, and whether such motion takes
place on one side only of the fixed post, or extends to the other side beyond
the fixed post, such jib can always be made to cause the other jib to be at the
one extremity of the distance it is required to move through, whilst it itself is
at the other extremity, so that when in motion the two jibs will pass each
other midway of the distance through which they move. By this arrange-
ment not only am I enabled to effect the operation of loading or unloading a
vessel, or removing goods from one locality to another with double the speed
that can be effected by means of a derrick of ordinary construction, but as in
all cases where the motion of the jibs extends only to one side of the fixed
post, the raising of the one jib from a more or less horizontal to a more or less
vertical position, will effect the lowering of the other jib, it is evident that in
such cases the power required to raise such jib, having the load attached, will
be greatly reduced from what would be required without such balancing
arrangement of two jibs. The mechanism for effecting the before described
relative motion of the two jibs may be variously arranged. Thus, in one case,
I fix the lower end of each jib firmly to one of two equal bevil wheels, capable
of revolving independently of each other, upon fixed axes attached to or
formed on opposite sides of the fixed upright post or frame. A third or inter-
mediate bevil wheel or pinion is also attached either to the fixed post, or to
the foundation, in such a manner and position that it is in gear with both the
before-mentioned bevel wheels at the same time, and is capable of being drawn
out of gear with the same. From this arrangement it will be seen that if, for
instance, it be required that the one jib should move from a horizontal to a
vertical position for raising a load, whilst the other jib moved down from the
vertical to the horizontal position for receiving the next load, then if the
intermediate bevil wheel be, in the first place, drawn out of gear with the
other bevil wheels, the two jibs will thereby be rendered independent of each
other, if they be then moved into their required relative positions, namely, the
one horizontal and the other vertical, and the intermediate bevil wheel be then
again put in gear with the bevil wheels to which the jibs are attached, it will
be evident that on drawing up the horizontal jib with the load attached, the
motion of its bevil wheel will, by means of the intermediate wheel, be com-
municated in the reverse direction to the bevil wheel of the vertical jib, 'and
this latter will consequently be caused to descend during the same time into
the horizontal position. If the two jibs be then required to move through

page_text: a greater or less angle than just mentioned, the intermediate bevil wheel is
again drawn out of gear, the jibs are moved into the required opposite extreme
points of their motion, the intermediate wheel is again put in gear, when the
motion of the one jib in one direction will again effect the motion of the other.
jib, in the reverse direction, as before described. Instead of employing three
bevil wheels, as described, I sometimes effect the same operation by attaching
the jibs respectively to an external and an internal spur wheel, working, in-
dependently of each other, on axes fixed to the post or frame, which spur
wheels are connected by means of two spur pinions, both fixed on one spindle,
one of which pinions is in gear with the external spur wheel, whilst the other
is in gear with the internal spur wheel; these spur pinions are so arranged
that they can be both thrown out of gear with the spur wheels, so as to allow
of the relative position of the jibs being adjusted. The diameters of the
wheels and pinions are so proportioned as to cause the jibs to. move with equal
velocity in reverse directions. Or instead of connecting the jibs by means of
.toothed gearing, I fix the lower end of each jib to one of two grooved drums
or pullies, working on axes fixed to the upright post, and I pass round these
grooved pullies and round other pullies fixed to the foundation an endless
rope, band, or chain, so arranged that the motion of the one drum or pulley
and jib attached, is communicated in a reversed direction to the other drum or
pulley and its jib, and I arrange one or more of the pullies fixed to the
foundation so as to be adjustable, and to allow of the slackening of the endless
rope, band, or chain, for the purpose of altering the relative position of the
two jibs, as before described, with reference to the other arrangements. If
the bite of the endless rope, band, or chain, upon the drums or pullies fixed to
the jibs be not sufficient to control their relative motion in a perfect manner,
projections, studs, or recesses, may be formed upon the circumference of such
drums or pullies, which projections pass into the links of the chain or holes in
the band, or into which recesses projections formed on the rope, band, or chain
fit, when the same is drawn taut. The drums or pulleys attached to the jibs,
as also the toothed wheels attached to the same in the previously described
arrangements, need only be made equal to such portion of the complete circle
as will correspond with the greatest angle through which the jibs may be re-
quired to move.
The hauling tackle to the above described improved construction of derrick,
may be variously arranged. Thus each jib may be provided with a
separate gear, arranged as in ordinary derricks, for drawing in and letting
out the hauling rope or chain of each jib, separately, or if the jibs are
not intended ever to pass the upright post, both ropes or chains may be

page_text: wound in reverse directions upon one and the same drum, so that the
one rope or chain is let out as fast as the other is drawn in, or, if
the jibs are intended to pass beyond the upright post, the hauling ropes
or chains may be wound in the same direction upon two drums placed upon
one and the same shaft, and arranged in such a manner, by means of clutches,
that they may either be made to revolve with the shaft, or may turn loose
upon the same such shaft, receiving continuous rotary motion from any suitable
source of power, so that should either of the jibs be descending too rapidly,
then, by putting the conical clutch slightly in gear with the corresponding
drum, it will act as a break, and check the motion of the drum and conse-
quently of the jib. In such cases, where the jibs are required to work past
the upright post, adjustable pullies are arranged at the top of the latter, so as
to guide the hauling ropes or chains, under any circumstances, into the right
position on to the pullies fixed to the top of the post for conducting the ropes
or chains down to the hauling apparatus. Should the weight of the jibs, in
proportion to the load they have to move from one locality to another, be such
that, when the one jib had been raised nearly into the vertical position, and
the other was nearly horizontal, the greater leverage of the latter would
cause it to run down with too great a velocity, I connect such jibs in such a
manner, either by means of a chain passing over a fixed pulley or by any
other known means, to a series of weights placed one above the other that,
when moving into the horizontal position, they are caused to raise such series
of weights in succession, the accumulating resisting pressure of which will retard
the downward motion of the jibs to the required degree, whilst the jibs on
again ascending will replace the weights successively in their former positions.
It will be evident that the relative position of the two jibs may be also arranged
that each shall move from opposite horizontal positions, namely, one on
either side of the vertical post into a more or less vertical position, and thus
raise, or otherwise convey, loads simultaneously from two different places,
either to one common third place or to two different places. In some cases
instead of having only one jib on each side of the post, two may be employed,
fixed at an angle to each other so as to have two jibs working up and down
on each side of the post, and conveying loads to and from two localities at the
same time.
Another part of my present Invention has reference more particularly to an
Invention for "Improvements in Apparatus for Loading and Unloading Vessels,
and Transporting Sacks, Casks, and other Packages or Parcels, from one
Landing Place or Stage to another, or to or from one Warehouse to another,"
for which Letters Patent have already been granted to me, and bearing date

page_text: At a
the 4th December 1862, N° 3258. In the Specification to the said Letters
Patent there was described an arrangement of apparatus wherein strong
ropes or chains were stretched from one locality to another, upon which ropes
or chains carriages were made to travel to and fro by means of hauling ropes,
and were thus made to convey-goods of any description from one locality to
another. Now this part of my present Invention consists in a particular
adaptation or combination of the herein-before described improved double acting
derrick, to or with the said Invention for which Letters Patent have already
been granted to me. For this purpose I arrange the vertical post or frame,
to which the one extremity of the stretched rope is made fast, to form, at the
same time, the fixed vertical post or frame of the derrick for raising the goods
from the vessel or other object or locality to the height of the stretched rope
and carriages, or for lowering the goods from the latter to the former.
convenient height from the top of the post or frame, where the saddl for
carrying the stretched ropes and the pulley for the hauling ropes are fixed, I
arrange a platform supported in such a suitable manner that such sup-
ports shall not interfere with the motion of the jibs. These latter I pro-
vide also with a small platform at the same height as that fixed to the post
or frame, so that when either jib is in a vertical position the attendant on the
fixed platform can step on to the platform of the jib in order to remove
therefrom the sack or other article which has been raised by it, or to attach
thereto the object that requires to be lowered. As in this arrangement the
two jibs are placed rather far apart in order to allow room for the fixed
platform, between them a crosshead is provided at the top of the fixed post
or frame, just underneath the saddle, for the stretched ropes, to the ends of
which crosshead are attached the before-mentioned adjustable pullies, for con-
ducting the hauling tackle from the top of the jibs to the fixed pullies on the
post, which guide the same down to the bottom of the post, and whence such
tackle is led over other pullies to drums receiving rotary motion from a
portable engine or other source of motive power, by means of conical friction
clutches. This same engine, or other source of motive power, may also be
employed for working the reversing gear through which motion is imparted to
the hauling ropes and carriages upon the before-mentioned stretched ropes.
For this purpose the pulley, round which the said hauling rope passes, situated
at the top of the post, is fixed to a spindle passing down to the bottom of the
post, where it is provided with a second pulley, connected, by means of a
driving band, to the reversing gear of the engine, whereby the upper pulley is
caused to revolve in one direction or the other, and thus moves the hauling
ropes and carriages in the required manner. The double derrick is otherwise

page_text: constructed in the manner herein-before set forth with reference to the first
part of this Invention, and it will be evident that the moveable jibs may be
employed, not only to raise or lower goods to or from the platform of the ver-
tical post, but also to convey such goods on to carts or other objects situated
on the roadway, or other locality, on either side of the fixed post.