Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 1st June, 1887
Complete Left, 1st Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 18th May, 1888
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON, of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been communi-
cated to me from abroad by La Société A. Grandjeans et Cie. of Paris in the Republic
of France, Manufacturers, to be as follows:-
This Invention relating to spinning machinery has for its object regulating the
position of the chain of the winding quadrant in a self-acting mule for example
according to the position of the copping rail for the second period of the formation
of the cop or bobbin by the winding mechanism. It is necessary for the rate of
speed of the spindles to be diminished in proportion as the bottom of the cop or
bobbin thickens and this is usually done by raising the chain of the quadrant. The
bottom being finished it is necessary to augment the speed of the spindles on the
contrary, the bottom remaining of the same diameter and the winding taking place
on progressively diminishing diameters. This is accomplished according to this Inven-
tion by means of mechanism hereinafter described.
When the spindles do not make the exact number of revolutions required to wind
up
the draw or stretch of thread the guides of the counter faller are raised too high
when the carriage runs in and approaches the end of its travel and when the carriage
is home or at the end of its travel the faller leaves the thread as well as the counter
faller and snarls or kinks are formed of such length that the drawing action of the
carriage fails to pull them out and moreover the winding is bad, not being sufficiently
tight or hard at the point or nose.
A lever arm attached to the counterfaller is caused at each winding operation to
lift an intermediate lever arm shortly before the end of the stroke. This lever arm
operates a jointed lever arm which imparts oscillating motion to an adjustable jointed
triangular frame connected by a sliding bolt to a straight lever provided with a
spring.
On the driving shaft a gear wheel drives another gear wheel which by means of
a series of sprocket wheels and endless chains drives a wheel carried on the extremity
of an oscillating arm connected to the straight lever hereinbefore referred to
being connected by a sliding bolt to the triangular frame.
as

page_text: A pinion fast on a shaft is connected by endless chains with the lower end of the
quadrant the screw of which is operated by bevel gear and when the intermediate
lever arm is raised by the action of the counter-faller the straight lever herein-
before referred to advances and a pinion which is driven from the driving shaft is
placed in gear with the pinion connected to the quadrant by chains as aforesaid
which pinion then rotates to an extent regulated by the position of the lever arm on
the counter faller.
As the copping rail descends a bell-crank lever supported by a rod attached to the
end of the copping rail for example pushes over a rack which imparts rotary motion
to a pinion which draws down the triangular frame which acts as a wedge and
controls the action of the levers operated by the counterfaller in such a manner as to
produce the desired effect on the mechanism operating the quadrant or sector as
herein before described.
The winding of each draw or stretch being completed on a smaller diameter the
aforesaid intermediate lever is depressed by the faller according to the successive
diameters and its action on the mechanism is regulated correspondingly.
The apparatus being operated by the thread the pressure exerted on the counter
faller is reduced by the amount of pressure representing the force required to move
the lever. In consequence a final tension is applied to the counter-faller acting at the
end of the stroke only by means of a lever provided with a roller at its extremity
coming against an incline on the headstock frame and extending a spring one end
of which is attached to the counter faller. The axis of the lever is attached to a
support bolted to the carriage.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Self Acting Spinning Mules.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention which has been com-
municated to me from abroad by La Société A. Grandjeans & Cie. of Paris in
the Republic of France Manufacturers and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relating to spinning machinery has for its object regulating the
position of the chain of the winding quadrant by shifting the quadrant nut
according to the position of the copping rail for the second period of the formation
of the cop in order to equalise the action and compensate for the difference in the
diameters on which the yarn has to be wound. By means of this invention the cops
are enabled to be wound of equal firmness throughout and all liability to "halching
and the formation of excessively long snarls or kinks is effectually obviated as
hereinafter explained.
The formation of the portion a bedef Figure X is hereinafter referred to as the
first period, and the formation of the portion bg hike is called the second period
of the formation of the cop. Self acting mules are worked with a great number of
distinct movements or "motions" which vary in their action according to the nature
or condition of the fibre to be spun. The most important movements common to all
these machines are as follows: Istly. Running out of the carriage whilst the drawing
rollers or cylinders draw out and deliver the sliver and the latter receives the torsion
given by the spindles. 2ndly. Backing off and lowering the faller. 3rdly. Return
or running in of the carriage while the winding takes place. 4thly. Return of the
parts to their original position. To begin a cop the first draw or stretch is wound
on the spindle from a to a¹ Figure X. In accordance with the shape of the copping
plates on which the copping rail is carried, the faller is raised to a certain extent at
each draw or stretch, the winding is thus finished on a conical tube on each spindle
when forming cops-the end or last coil of the winding up of the draw or stretch of
the yarn always takes place on a diameter smaller than the commencement, since the
cop bottom increases in diameter as far as be and the diameter of the cop remains the
same as far as gr that is to say 1st. In winding each draw or stretch the winding
takes place on a progressively diminishing diameter as the faller descends propor-
tionately to the incline of the copping rail supported on the copping plates
determining the length of winding or range of the faller for each draw or
stretch.
2nd. The mean diameter of winding for each successive draw or stretch then
gradually increases until the bottom is finished that is to say until the diameter be is
reached and the portion a, b c d e f is completed after which the mean diameter
gradually diminishes for each draw from b, c, d, e to b, g, h, i, k, e, owing to the taper

page_text: or conical form of the Spindle 1. The process of winding each draw is divided into
two parts one descending and the other ascending. The copping rail consequently has
two inclines figure Y, a b representing the first or short incline and b, c the second.
To obtain the differences of speed of the spindles rendered necessary for the winding
of each separate draw on the different diameters of the cop the machine is provided
with a quadrant one radial arm of which carries a sliding nut x Figure Z moved
along this arm by a screw. To this nut is connected the winding in chain from the
winding on drum fixed on a shaft which drives the tin rollers or cylinders operating
the spindles. The quadrant is centred on a point fixed at the extremity of the
headstock at the end of the outward travel of the carriage. It is operated by a
pinion p which receives its movement from the back shaft. The point of connection.
of the chain describes an arc of a circle m n (Figure W) whilst the carriage travels in
a horizontal path or line j. g. The distance traversed by the carriage being greater
than that traversed by the point of connection of the chain to the quadrant a certain
quantity of chain must be unwound from the winding on drum and it is precisely this
length of chain which makes the drum rotate and drive the spindles which are thus
operated only when the carriage runs in. Since it is the difference between the
distance traversed horizontally by the carriage and that traversed horizontally by the
nut of the quadrant which gives the quantity of the chain unwound, if the arc m n be
divided into equal parts and projections are made from these points on to a horizontal
line it will be found that the difference between the distance traversed in a given
time by the two points considered (marked x and y Figure Z) gradually increases
until the carriage lights in at the beam and also that the speed of the spindles becomes
greater this being precisely the result that ought to be obtained since the winding
takes place for each draw or stretch on decreasing diameters on the rising motion.
The arc mr corresponds to the winding of the descending part and rn to the winding
of the ascending part of the same draw or stretch.
2. During the winding on of the draw or stretch which has just been considered
the mean diameter on its length is for example m. During the formation of the cop
bottoms this mean diameter m increases, the result being therefore that the total
number of revolutions of the spindles decreases in each successive draw or stretch. It
is easily understood that it can be diminished by raising the nut, that is if the nut be
made to describe an arc of a longer radius. It is on this last point that the action of
the regulator of the bottoms depends that is to say on the raising of the nut a certain
amount for each draw or stretch. The bottom being finished, the mean diameter
commences to diminish since the spindle or the tube are conical or taper while the
bottom remains of the same diameter. It will consequently be necessary from this
point to lower the nut for each successive draw or stretch. This result is obtained
according to this invention by means of the combination of mechanism hereinafter
described and which is employed with advantage in place of the "nosing motions"
usually employed for the same purpose. During the formation of the bottoms, the
mean diameter increasing the number of revolutions required for the winding of each
draw or stretch is too great for the following draw.
If the operator or regulator has not changed the position of the nut, the thread
will be stretched too much and would be broken as the carriage runs into the beam
the counter faller in the case where the thread is stretched too much is lowered too
far and it is necessary to raise the nut of the quadrant in order to compensate for
the enlarged diameter on which the yarn is wound. This may be accomplished by
raising the nut by means of mechanism operating on the same principle as that
hereinafter described for lowering the nut.
By analogy the regulator of the cylindrical part of the cop requires to take up the
chain by making the nut descend at each draw or stretch because when once the
bottom of the cop is completed, the mean diameter for each draw diminishes owing
to the taper form of the spindle the counter faller for this last period being raised too
high an excessive quantity of slack yarn is left when the carriage has run in to the
beam owing to the number of revolutions of the spindles not having been sufficient.
According to this invention the lever (Figures 1 and 3) fixed on this counter-

page_text: faller is caused to operate so as to lower the quadrant nut and take up the winding on
chain as hereinafter described on the other hand as the faller builds up the cop the
number of turns of yarn on the bare spindle above the cop should also be diminished.
For this purpose a bent lever suitably arranged causes the faller to rise later and later
with each draw so that only the exact quantity of thread necessary for the turns above
the cop remains. The counter faller being so to speak in one with the faller in this
sense that the more the first descends the more the second rises since they operate in
opposite directions in order to give tension to the yarn or thread the result is that the
more the faller is raised at the end of its range, the more the counter-faller is lowered.
The faller being caused to terminate the winding higher and higher at each draw by
the action of the copping rail and being raised later owing to the diminution in the
number of turns of yarn above the cop, the counter-faller is caused to descend to a
proportionately greater extent and for this reason it is necessary to cause the lever D
Figures 1 and 3 to be lowered progressively by means hereinafter described.
In short the position of the copping rail changes for each draw or stretch according
to the proportional advance of the copping plates regulated according to the number
of thread and determining the range of the faller the copping rail itself determines
the position of the lever D for this point, the lever C on the counter-faller changes
position according to the speed of the spindles which is regulated by the position of
the nut of the quadrant and by the corresponding point of winding. Thus it is the
copping rail which conducts and directs every movement. The speed of descent of
the quadrant nut is determined on the machine and must be such as to diminish the
length of the winding on chain in proportion as the mean diameter diminishes. The
more the lever C is raised the sooner it raises the lever D and the movement continues
for a longer period. At the end of several draws or stretches it is ascertained if the
thread is still regulated as it ought to be at the end of the running in if too much
thread remains C is raised or vice versa. If at the end of the raising there still.
remains too large a quantity of thread at the end of the spindle or if the snarls are
too long, the reason is that the lever D has not been sufficiently lowered in which
case it is necessary to make the side G of the triangle G. H. I. (Figure 3) slant
This regulating can only be done on the mule itself, for the windings differ as
much between themselves as there are forms of copping rails and forms of copping
plates each mill manager having a different style of winding.
more.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the corresponding figures. Figures 1 and 2 represent
respectively a side view and a partial front view of an ordinary self actor with a
regulator according to this invention.
Figure 3 shows a side view of the regulator in detail on a large scale.
Figure 3 is another view of the same with the parts in a different position.
Figure 4 is a corresponding side view of this regulator.
Figures 5 and 6 are plans of the upper part and lower part of the regulator.
Figure 7 shows the counter faller provided with its special mode of tension. . On
these drawings all the parts which do not directly concern the invention have been
omitted.
A lever fixed on the axis A, of the counter faller raises at each draw or stretch
another lever D a little before the end of the running in.
This lever fixed on a shaft E operates on the jointed lever F making a triangular
frame G H I oscillate on a centre 0 as hereinafter described. The rod K connected
to the triangular frame G H I pushes a jointed lever L pivoted at M. Onto the back
shaft N is keyed a wheel P gearing with another wheel Q which drives a sprocket
wheel R carrying a pitch chain driving another sprocket wheel S. Another sprocket
wheel T connected to the latter drives a wheel U placed at the extre.nity of the
arm V jointed at O'-this arm V is connected to the lever L M by a link X. A
spring a Figure 4 placed on the axis O' forces the lever L M to press against the
rod K provided with a pin b bearing against the support (Figure 3).
..

page_text: A pinion Y keyed onto the shaft J Figure 3 is connected by pitch chains to the
bottom of the quadrant A¹ Figure 1 whose screw is operated by the conical toothed
wheels h 9 as shewn in Figures 1 and 2 of accompanying drawings.
In juxta position with the pinion Y is another pinion Z keyed onto the axis of the
sprocket wheel U. The point of oscillation O of the triangular frame G H I is placed
at the top of a rod 6 connected at its lower end to a rack gearing with a pinion 5
driven from a shaft 4 by a pitch chain. This shaft carries a pinion 7 engaging
with a rack 3 connected by means of a rod to one of the arms of the bell crank lever 2
whose other arm engages with a pin 1 Figures 1 and 3 on the copping rail.
The parts are shewn in the positions which they occupy at the moment when the
carriage runs into the beam after the completion of the cop bottom. During this
formation of the cop bottom the mechanism for regulating the second period of
winding is thrown out of action by rocking the lever L on the joint L' fig. 4 and
thus placing in such a position that it is not acted on by the sliding rod K.
In Figure 1 A¹ is the arm of the quadrant which receives the regulating screw
and x is the nut to which is attached the chain B¹, which goes from the quadrant to
the winding on drum y of the carriage. D¹ fig. 2 is part of the frame and T the
headstock. When the lever D is raised as indicated in Figure 3 the lever L M
moves in the direction of the arrows 8 and the pinion Z which is driven from the back
shaft N as herein before described. engages with the pinion Y.
This pinion then rotates for the desired amount, determined by the position of the
lever Con the counter faller, and transmits motion as herein before described to the
screw in the quadrant arm thereby displacing the quadrant nut or point of connection
with the winding on chain to the extent necessary to produce the required modification
of the speed of the spindles. According as the copping rail descends on the
copping plates the bell crank lever 2 operated by the pin 1 on the copping rail
displaces the rack 3. This rack rotates shaft 4 which by the intervention of two
chain wheels imparts motion to the pinion 5 which in turn draws down the rod 6,
which supports the triangular frame G H I.
The rod 6 descending vertically and a spring a' tending to press the rod K
against its support the vertical side I of the triangular frame will descend vertically
and the slanting side G will gradually push back the rod K¹ thereby lowering the
lever D more or less rapidly according to the inclination of the side G relatively
to the side I. The adjustment of the angle or position of the side G is obtained
by means of a slot in the third side H.
The lever C fixed on the counter faller shaft A thus raises the lever D so as to
engage the pinions Y and Z as indicated in Figure 3ª which then transmit motion
from the back shaft N to the screw of the quadrant so as to displace the quadrant
nut and obtain the desired variation in the winding on motion the change being
effected at the end of the return of the carriage when the lever C comes in contact
with the underside of the lever D. The return or running in of the carriage being
terminated the faller on the shaft B is raised completely and the counter faller on the
shaft A is lowered. These two parts afterwards return to the position which they
require to occupy during the running out of the carriage. The lever C then leaves
the lever D and the spring a of the regulator pushes back the lever L M which
disengages the pinion Z from the pinion Y as indicated in Figure 3. When the
lever C raises the lever D it does not change the position of the shaft 6 which remains
stationary until lowered by the action of the copping rail the said rail being lowered
itself at the same time by the movement of the copping plates in the ordinary
manner.
Being lowered together with the copping rail for each draw or stretch the shaft 6
lowers the lever D under the influence of the slanting or inclined arm G of the
triangular frame G H I. When the lever Craises the lever D the existing pressure
on the counter faller is diminished proportionally to the force required to raise the
lever D to push over the lever L M and compress the spring a. It is necessary to
compensate for this loss of tension and with this object there is placed on the counter
faller a tension device operating at the same time as the lever C acts on the lever D.

page_text: This tension device (figure 7) consists of a lever E¹ carrying a roller which comes in
contact with an incline P' fixed to the frame of the headstock, which forces it to
stretch a spring 9 attached to the counter faller A. The tension of this spring is
regulated either by lowering the incline P¹ or by tightening the nut of the spring.
The axis of the lever E¹ is carried by a support s holted to the carriage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
First. In spinning machines of the class hereinbefore described the automatic
regulator operating the quadrant nut or point of connection of the winding on chain
during the second period of the formation of the cop in such a manner as to regulate
the speed of the spindles in proportion to the varying diameters on which the thread
is wound the said regulator consisting of a lever C connected to the counter faller A—
a lever D connected to a triangular frame G. H. I a rod 6 connected with the copping
rail as set forth and a lever L M putting in gear the wheels Y and Z which transmit
movement from the back shaft N to the quadrant screw all arranged and operating
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to the
annexed drawings.
Second. In spinning machines of the class herein before referred to lowering the
lever D by means of the jointed triangular frame G H I or raising the said lever by
the same ineans in order to regulate the speed of the spindles during the first period of
the formation of the cop all these parts arranged and operating substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Third. The arrangements and combinations of parts constituting the improvements
in spinning machinery substantially as herein before described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.