Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 30th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 1st Feb., 1887.
[Communicated from abroad by JUSTICE W. MARSHALL, of No. 15, Albany Street,
Cazenovia, in the State of New York, and CHESTER SMITH BATES, of No. 109,
Circular Street, Saratoga Springs, in the State of New York, United States of
America, Engineers.]
I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to axle boxes for carriages of all kinds for common roads, and
also to the axle boxes of railway carriages. Its object is to provide for the better
confinement of the oil within the axle box, and the better regulation of its supply to
the bearing parts of the axle, and the more perfect exclusion of dust and dirt from the
interior of the box. The improvements consist in a certain novel construction, and
certain novel combinations of parts hereinafter described, whereby the above mentioned
results are obtained.
The example of the invention illustrating its application to the axle of a carriage for
common roads will first be described.
In this case, the axle has its body or main portion larger than the journal, and has
between the journal and the main portion a fixed collar which presents a shoulder both
ways to resist or control the end play of the axle in the box. In the upper side of the
journal is a groove for containing oil.
A portion of the axle box fits the journal, and the other portion is of larger size.
Part of this portion is bored to fit the above mentioned collar of the axle, and part is
bored still larger to form a stuffing box for the reception of a metal washer, packing of
wool or other elastic material, a gland, and a nut or gland-follower. The portion of
the axle box which is bored to fit the fixed collar of the axle is of a length greater
than the thickness of the said collar, to form an annular space constituting an oil-
chamber between the said collar and the metal washer above mentioned. The axle
box is permanently closed at its outer end, and the length between the shoulder,
تيم

page_text: against which the fixed collar of the axle bears, and the interior of the outer end, is
made longer than the journal of the axle, to form an oil chamber within the outer end
of the box. A screw hole is provided in the end for the introduction of oil, the said
hole being tightly closed by a screw plug. The box is externally screw threaded at
the outer end to receive a nut, which confines it in the hub of the wheel.
The gland and the metal washer are each divided into two sections, in order to
permit them to be placed on the axle. Their internal circumference being less than
the external circumference of the fixed collar, renders this division necessary. The
nut or gland follower encircles the outer end of the gland, to confine its sections
together, and bears up against a collar or flange on the gland, for the purpose of
compressing the packing tightly against the washer, and holding the latter firmly in
place against a shoulder in the box."
To oil this axle, the screw plug above mentioned is removed, and the wheel hub
and axle box pulled forward upon the axle, until the metal washer comes in contact
with the fixed collar. When the box has been so far moved, instead of there being an
oil space behind the collar, there will be a corresponding space on the opposite side, or
in front of the said collar, and the space or chamber between the end of the axle and
the outer end of the box will be correspondingly enlarged. This chamber is to be
filled with oil, which is poured in through the screw hole, and the plug is then put in
and screwed up tightly. Then by moving the hub and box back upon the axle, the
space at the end of the axle is closed or contracted, and oil is forced therefrom along
the groove in the axle, and past the fixed collar, into the space or chamber between
the said collar and the metal washer. The axle having been thus oiled, will run for a
long time without re-oiling, and with very little wear. The oil in the chamber behind
the fixed collar acts as a cushion, and prevents any rattle or noise that might otherwise
be produced by the collar striking against the washer, or the box shoulder against
which it bears, and the oil will be worked backward and forward upon the axle by the
end play of the hub and box.
In another example of the invention, the fixed collar on that part of the axle within
the axle box is dispensed with, but the stuffing box, packing, and gland at the inner
end of the axle box are used as in the axle box for common-road carriages for
retaining the oil and excluding dust and dirt, and an annular oil chamber is provided
in the box beyond the stuffing box.
In this example, the washer does not require to be divided, neither does the gland,
and the gland does not require a separate nut or follower, but is made with flanges to
receive screw bolts running lengthwise, one on each side of the axle box, and passing
through lugs on the outer end of the box, in front of which they are provided with
nuts to screw up the gland for tightening the packing and bringing the washer into
place in the axle box. In this example, the whole of the enlarged space on the outer
de of the washer constitutes an annular oil chamber. The oil groove in this case,
.astead of being in the axle, may be in the box.
The oil groove might also be in the box, instead of in the axle, for a box and axle
otherwise constructed.

page_text: I PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents 6 Bream's Buildings Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this
irvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to axle boxes for carriages of all kinds for common roads and
also to the axle boxes of railway carriages. Its object is to provide for the better
confinement of the oil within the axle box, and the better regulation of its supply to the
bearing parts of the axle, and the more perfect exclusion of dust and dirt from the
interior of the box. The improvements consist in a certain novel construction and
certain novel combinations of parts hereinafter described with reference to the
accompanying drawings, whereby the above mentioned results are obtained.
Fig. 1 in the drawing represents a central longitudinal sectional view of a carriage
axle box and wheel hub, and one end of an axle representing the invention complete ;
Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 are detail views which correspond with Fig. 1, and will be herein-
after described; Fig. 6 represents a horizontal section of a railway carriage axle box
with part of the axle fitted thereto; Fig. 7 exhibits a vertical section of the box
corresponding with Fig. 6.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
The example of the invention illustrating its application to the axle of a carriage for
common roads, will first be described.
A. A designate the axle having its body or main portion A¹ larger than the journal A,
and having between the journal and the main portion a fixed collar a' which represents
a shoulder both ways to resist or control the end play of the axle in the box. In the
upper side of the journal is a groove a for containing oil.
BB designate the axle box of which the portion B fits the journal A and the
portion B¹ is of larger size having a bore from .to 1, of a size to fit the collar a¹ of
the axle and having its bore from 6 to the inner end still larger to form a stuffing box
for the reception of a metal washer c, the packing d of wool or other elastic material,
the glande and the nut or gland follower f. The space between the shoulder ¹ and
the other shoulder b towards which the outer face of the collar a¹ is presented is of a
length greater than the thickness of the said collar to form an annular space g, con-
stituting an oil chamber between the said collar and the metal washer c. The box is
permanently closed at its outer end and the length between the shoulder band the
interior of the outer end is made longer than the journal A of the axle to form an oil
chamber g within the outer end of the box. A screw hole is provided in the end for

page_text: the introduction of oil the said hole being tightly closed by a screw plug h. The box
is externally screw threaded at the outer end to receive the nut C which confines it in
the hub D.
The glande and the metal washer c are each divided into two sections in order to
permit them to be placed on the axle. Their internal circumference being less than
the external circumference of the collar a¹ renders this division necessary. The nut
or gland follower encircles the outer end of the gland to confine its sections together
and bears up against a collar or flange e¹ on the gland for the purpose of compressing
the packing d tightly against the washer and pressing the latter against the
shoulder of the box.
To oil this axle the screw plug his removed and the wheel hub and axle box pulled
forward upon the axle until the metal washer comes in contact with the collar a¹.
When the box has been so far moved, instead of there being an oil space g behind the
collar a', as shown in Fig. 1, there will be a corresponding space on the opposite side
or in front of the said collar, and the space or chamber g¹ between the end of the axle
and the outer end of the box will be correspondingly enlarged. The chamber g' is to
be filled with oil which is poured in through the screw hole, and the plug his then
put in and screwed up tightly. Then by moving the hub and box back upon the axle,
the space at the end of the axle is closed or contracted and oil is forced from the
chamber g¹ along the groove a, and past the collar a into the space or chamber
between the said collar and the metal washer c. The axle having been thus oiled will
run for a long time without re-oiling and with very little wear. The oil in the
chamber g acts as a cushion and prevents any rattle or noise that might otherwise be
produced by the collar a striking against the washer c, or the box shoulder b, and the
oil will be worked backward and forward upon the axle by the end play of the hub
and box.
In the example of the invention shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the collar on that part of
the axle within the axle box is dispensed with but the stuffing box, packing and gland
at the inner of the axle box are used as in the axle box for common road carriages for
retaining the oil and excluding dust and dirt, and an annular oil chamber is provided
in the box beyond the stuffing box.
Figs. 6 and 7 will now be described. A A¹ designates the axle, A being the
journal. is the wheel, B is the axle box bored from the inner end to produce two
shoulders b, and b', and to form a stuffing box within which is received the metal
washer the elastic packing d, and the gland e.
In this example the washer c does not require to be divided, neither does the
gland e, and the gland does not require a separate nut or follower but is made with
flanges to receive screw bolts ii running lengthwise one on cach side of the axle box
and passing through lugs j; on the outer end of the box in front of which they are
provided with nuts kk to screw up the gland for tightening the packing and bringing
the washer close up to the shoulder of the axle box. In this example the entire
space between the shoulders bb' constitutes an annular oil chamber. The oil groove a
in this case, instead of being in the axle is in the box, as shown in section in Fig. 7
and dotted in Fig. 6.
The oil groove a might be in the box instead of in the axle, for a box and axle other-
wise constructed as shown in Fig. 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
"foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is
1. The combination with the axle box constructed with internal shoulders, and
stuffing box, of the gland and packing and the washer c, confined to the shoulder b¹
by the gland and packing and assisting to form between the said shoulder-and the
shoulder-b, an annular oil chamber g, substantially as herein described.

page_text: 2. The combination with the axle box constructed with internal shoulders 66, and
stuffing box and fitted with a gland and packing and with a washer supported against
the shoulder b', of the axle constructed with a collar a¹ held against the shoulder b by
the gland and packing in such manner than an annular oil chamber and cushion g
formed between said collar and washer; substantially as herein described.
is
3. The combination of the axle having the collar a¹ and oil groove a, the axle box
constructed with the shoulders 66 and stuffing box and annular oil space g, the
divided washer divided gland e, and follower ; all substantially as herein
described.
C
4. The combination with the axle, of the axle box which has internal shoulders bbl
and a stuffing box and is fitted with a gland and packing and a washer c, and is
provided with two oil spaces g and g¹, communicating with each other by a groove a
substantially as herein set forth.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.