Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 7th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 8th Mar., 1887.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved process for extracting perfume essences as
follows:-
The vegetable matter to be treated is heated with water in an alembic and the
watery vapour together with the vapours of essential oils passing off are received in
an ascending condenser, which allows the watery particles, as they condense, to return
to the alembic, while the vapours of the essential oil, which is propelled upward by a
column of aqueous vapour strictly sufficient for the purpose, rises to the top of the
condenser where the mixture of vapours meets with a suitable known refrigerating
material, which condenses both the watery vapour and that of the essential oil, thus
producing the latter in a liquid state with a small admixture of water.
The essential difference between this process and that usually employed is, that in
the latter case the whole of the aqueous and essential oil vapours are condensed
together, so that the latter are disseminated in a large quantity of water, while
according to the present invention the greater part of the aqueous vapour is condensed
separately from the essential oil and is returned to the still, only as much water being
carried along with the volatile oil as is strictly necessary to convey this forward to the
condensing medium.
From this small amount of water the essence can be afterwards very readily
separated.
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Extraction of Perfume Essences.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved process for extracting perfume essences as
follows:-
The vegetable matter to be treated is heated with water in an alembic and the
watery vapour together with the vapours of essential oils passing off are received in
an ascending condenser, which allows the watery particles as they condense, to return
to the alembic, while the vapours of the essential oil, which is propelled upward by a
column of aqueous vapour strictly sufficient for the purpose, rises to the top of the
condenser where the mixture of vapours meets with a suitable known refrigerating
material, which condenses both the watery vapour and that of the essential oil, thus
producing the latter in a liquid state with a small admixture of water.
The essential difference between this process and that usually employed is, that in
the latter case the whole of the aqueous and essential oil vapours are condensed
together, so that the latter are disseminated in a large quantity of water, while
according to the present invention the greater part of the aqueous vapour is condensed
separately from the essential oil and is returned to the still, only as much water being
carried along with the volatile oil as strictly necessary to convey this forward to the
condensing medium.
From this small amount of water the essence can be afterwards very readily
separated.
The above described process can be carried out in any suitable construction of
distilling apparatus composed of the before described parts. By way of example
I will describe the construction employed by preference referring to the accompanying
drawings.
The apparatus shewn at Fig. 1. consists of an alembic A above which is an ascending
condenser formed of nearly horizontal pipes B connected at the ends by bends, so as
to afford a considerable extent of travel for the vapours circulating therein. The end
of the top pipe communicates by a pipe C with a refrigerating coil D where the
condensation is effected. The aqueous vapour that condenses in the tubes B flows
back into the alembic, while the uncondensed vapour of perfumed essence flows on to
the condenser D together with a very small proportion of uncondensed watery vapour,
and flows off in the condensed condition through the spout a into a recipient E, in
which the essence separates by gravitation from the water, which sinks to the bottom
and flows off through the bent tube into a vessel F.
In the apparatus shewn at Fig. 2 the ascending condenser B consists of a double
conical vessel with slightly inclined sides, in which the water condenses and collects
at bottom flowing back into the alembic by the pipe while the essence vapours

page_text: together with any uncondensed watery vapour is conducted through pipe C to the
refrigerating condenser D as before.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of iny said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
The hereinbefore described process for the extraction of perfume essences con-
sisting in the heating of the vegetable matter together with water in an alembic
from which the essence vapours together with watery vapour pass into an ascending
condenser in which the greater part of the watery vapour is condensed, so that the
essence vapours together with only a small proportion of watery vapour are carried on
to a refrigerating condenser in order to be condensed.
ABEL & INMAY,
Agents for the Applicant.