IMPROVEMENTS IN WARPING OR BEAMING MACHINES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Rossetter, of Accrington, in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARPING OR
BEAMING MACHINES."
Sealed the 6th April 1869, and dated the 7th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Rossetter
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 7th October 1868.
I, WILLIAM ROSSETTER, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WARPING OR BEAMING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to warping or beaming machines having self-
acting stopping motions for stopping the machine when one or more
of the warp threads break, and consists in various improvements for
enabling this object to be attained with greater simplicity and economy
than heretofore. In some of the machines at present employed the
warp threads pass through eyes of levers, and when the threads are
entire they support the levers, but when a thread is broken or absnet

page_text: the lever drops and stops the movement of an oscillating bar or bars and
leads to the stoppage of the machine.
This Invention consists, first, in employing in connection with the
levers which are supported by the warp threads one or more stationary
wires stretched across the machine, the levers bearing against the wire
or wires when they are held up by the warp threads, and these stationary
wire or wires keep the threads so near the levers that the fluke is
continuously cleared away.
Secondly. Instead of placing the ends of the ordinary falling rods or
rollers in slots or guides in the frame sides I place them between vertical
rods fixed a short distance from the frame sides, and between the rods
and the frame sides I employ sliding bars with hooks for holding the
ends of the falling rods when the machine is working, which bars and
hooks when a warp thread is broken or absent are pushed back by
tappets on the ordinary upright stopping and setting on rods, in order
to release the falling rods and allow them to fall on the warp to take up
the slack, the return movements of the bars and hooks being effected by
springs or weights. To enable the falling rods to be raised high enough
to be held by the hooks I cause the front roller of the machine next to
the levers to be slightly raised by levers or tappets worked by the
stopping and setting on rods, the roller raising the warp threads and the
falling rods or rollers, and as soon as the machine is set on the front
roller falls to its original position. Or instead of the sliding bars and
hooks I employ levers for supporting the ends of the falling rods or
rollers, the levers being worked one way by inclines on the stopping and
setting on rods, and the other way by springs or weights; or the bars
and levers may be worked to and fro by internal cams or tappets fixed
on the stopping and setting on rods.
The third part of my Invention relates to the stop motion, and consists
in fixing on the shaft of the back roller of the machine a cam or
eccentric for giving to-and-fro motion to a rod, one end of which is
supported on a pin fastened to a lever fixed to the shaft of the oscil-
lating bar when the threads are entire, and when on account of a thread
being broken or absent the oscillating bar and lever are stationary the
eccentric rod in its forward motion is shifted from the pin, so as to allow
its end to descend and seize the ordinary spring handle, which on the
return movement of the eccentric rod is pulled out of its detent and
causes the stoppage of the machine.

page_text: The fourth part of my improvements relates to the double catch wheel
on the shaft of the driving drum of the machine, and consists in
adapting to the wheel a spring buffer for preventing a sudden shock
when the machine is being stopped. The spring is placed in and projects
from a socket formed in a projection cast to a side of the wheel, and on
the drum shaft is fixed a boss and arm by set screws at any required
position, the boss acting as a bearing for the catch wheel, and the arm
from coming in contact with the spring in the socket. In the interior.
of the double catch wheel there is a helical spring the ends of which
have hitherto been perfectly rigid and have had a tendency to break,
and to obviate this defect I joint one or both ends to arms or hinges held
by pins or studs to the plates of the double catch wheel.
The fifth part of my improvements relates to the driving pulleys on the
drum shaft of the machine. On the said drum shaft I fix a pulley for
driving the drum in its forward direction, and place on one side of the
loose pulley, at the side of which there is another loose pulley having a
toothed wheel cast to it, which wheel passes through a hole in a plate
fixed to a frame side. This toothed wheel gears into a pinion placed
on a stud fixed to the plate and the pinion gears into an internal toothed
wheel fixed to the drum shaft, which arrangement enables the machine
to be driven forwards and backwards with one strap only.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Rossetter in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 7th April 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROSSETTER, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Rossetter, Her
special license that I, the said William Rossetter, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Rossetter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter

page_text: during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WARPING OR BEAMING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Rossetter, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Rossetter, do hereby
declare the nare of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to warping or beaming machines having self-
acting stopping motions for stopping the machine when there is breakage
or absence of one or more warp threads, and consists in various improve-
ments for enabling this object to be attained with greater simplicity
and economy than heretofore. In these machines the warp threads pass
through eyes of pins or levers, and when the threads are entire they
support the pins or levers, but when a thread is broken or absent its
corresponding pin or lever drops and stops the movement of an oscillating
bar or bars and leads to the stoppage of the machine, and one part of my
improvements refers especially to those machines in which levers are
employed.
This Invention will be clearly understood by the following particular
description thereof, reference being had to the Figures on the accom-
panying two Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked
thereon.
Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 1, are front and end elevations of a warping or
beaming machine provided with some of my improvements; Fig. 3 a plan,
and Fig. 4, a transverse view of part of the same; Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
and 11, Sheet 1, and Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, Sheet 2, are various
views of some of the improvements and some of the parts detached;
Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, and 11 are drawn to a scale of two inches to the
foot; Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 to four inches to the foot; and Figs. 5, 12, 13,

page_text: 14, 15, and 16 about full size, and in all the Figures similar letters refer
to similar parts.
a represents the frame sides of the machine in whole or in part; b, the
warp beam on which the warp is wound; c, the drum which gives
revolving motion to the warp beam; d, the drum shaft; e, the back or
measuring roller; f, the front roller; g, the back comb; 1, the front
comb; i, the strap fork; j, the stopping and setting on rods; k, the
spring handle; l, the oscillating shaft; m, the oscillating bars; n,
the measuring apparatus; and o, the bobbins with yarn for piecing
broken ends.
In this machine levers instead of pins are supported by the warp
threads, which levers are marked p, and the wires on which they work q.
Figs. 3, 12, 13, 14, and 15, and the first part of my Invention, consists
in employing in connection with each row of levers a stationary wire
stretched across the machine, the levers bearing against the wires when
they are held up by the warp threads. These wires, which are shewn
at r, keep the threads so near the levers that the fluke is continuously
cleared away, and it is evident that; instead of wire, catgut, strong cord,
or strips of wood can be employed for the same purpose.
Secondly. Instead of placing the ends of the ordinary falling rods and
rollers in slots or guides in the frame sides, I place them between vertical
rods fixed a short distance from the frame sides and between the rods
and the sides I employ sliding; bars with hooks for holding the ends
of the falling rods when the machine is working, which bars and hooks
when a warp thread is broken or absent are pushed back by tappets
on the ordinary upright stopping and setting on rods to release the
falling rods and allow them to lower the warp to take up the slack,
the return movement of the bars and hooks being effected by springs or
weights. In the machine shewn in the Drawings I employ only one
falling rod 8, Figs. 3, 4, 12, 13, 14, and 16, and one falling roller,
Figs. 3 and 4, the rod and roller having their ends placed between the
vertical rods a fixed to the top and bottom flanges of the frame sides a;
the falling roller t is held up by the yarn in the usual manner, but the
falling rods after being raised by the yarn has each of its ends held up
by the hook v, Figs. 12 and 13, on the bar w which works in bearings x, y,
and has at its front end a projecting arm z in contact with the tappet a¹
on the stopping and setting on rod j; between the bearing x and the
arm z, the bar is encircled by the spring 6' which keeps the hook in its

page_text: holding position when the machine is working, but when the machine
is being stopped the tappet a¹ overcomes the spring and pushes back
the hook to allow the rod to fall, and when the machine is again set
on the spring returns the bar and hook to the holding position; to enable
the falling rod 8 to be lifted high enough to be held by the hook v, I
cause the front roller f to be slightly raised by wedges worked by levers
on the stopping and setting on rods j, the roller raising the warp threads
which lift the rod and after the machine is set on the front roller e
descends to its original position. One end of the front roller is shewn in
Figs. 12, 13, and 14 with its pivot resting in a bearing formed in a
bracket c¹ fixed to the frame side, and in the bracket there is a slot
in which is placed a wedge d'¹ worked by the lever e¹ fixed to the
stopping and setting on rod j, the end of the lever working in a hole f¹ at
one end of the wedge, and at the other end of the roller there is a wedgo
and lever in reverse positions, the wedge being under the pivot and the
lever on the stopping and setting on rod. When the machine is stopping
and the handle g¹ has arrived at half the distance to its position when
the machine is stopped the end of the lever e¹ is in contact with the
part ¹ of the wedge, and as the handle moves to the other half of the
distance the lever pulls the wedge and raises that end of the pivot and
roller, the other end of which is raised by the lever pushing the wedge,
and when the machine is set on the levers traverse half their distance
without acting on the wedges, but in the other half they return the
wedges to their original positions to allow the roller to drop. In some
cases instead of the sliding bars and hooks I employ levers for supporting
the ends of the falling rods, the levers being worked by inclines on the
stopping and setting on rods, as shewn in Fig. 16, in which 8 represents
the rod; ¹, one of the levers; A, the incline; and j, part of the stopping
and setting on rod.
The third part of my improvements relates to the stop motion, and
consists in improved mechanism for shifting the spring handle & from
its detent, and stopping the machine when there is breakage or absence
of thread. On the shaft of the back roller e, Figs. 1 and 2, I fix an
eccentric m¹ to which is linked the rod n¹ having near its front end a recess
fitting a pin o¹³ fixed to the lever p¹ attached to the shaft ; the front
end of the rod n' is shewn detached in Fig. 5, and it is the recessed
part q' which is in contact with the pin o' when there is no breakage or
absence of thread. When the warp threads are entire and the machine

page_text: at work the shaft 7 and bars m oscillate to and fro, the eccentric and rod
moving them in one direction, and a spring or a lever and weight in the
other direction, but when a warp threads breaks or is absent the lever
which the thread supported falls and arrests the oscillating bars m,
shaft 1, and lever p', thereby causing the recessed part q' of the rod to be
shifted from the pin o¹, and allowing its front end to descend behind
the top of the spring handle k, which on the backward movement of the
rod is pulled out of its detent and causes the stoppage of the machine, and
when the machine is again set on the pin o¹ again comes in contact with
the recessed part q¹.
The fourth part of my improvements relates to the double catch
wheel with its helical spring used on the shaft of the drum when
there is no pulley for reversing the motions of the drum and warp
beam. Hitherto when the machine was stopping the motions of the
drum and warp beam were resisted by the helical spring only, and the
momentum was often sufficient to wind up the spring too tight and
cause breakage. To remedy this defect and also to regulate the length
of the reversal of the warp beam, I adapt to the double catch wheel
a spring buffer the spring of which is placed in and projects from a
socket formed in a projection cast to the body of the wheel, and on
the drum shaft is fixed a boss and arm by set screws at any required
position, the boss acting as a bearing for the catch wheel and the arm
for coming in contact with the spring in the socket. The helical
spring is placed in the interior of the double catch wheel as usual,
but instead of having its ends rigid I joint one or both ends to arms
or hinges held by pins or studs to prevent the ends of the spring
from breaking.
The double catch wheel with my improvements is shewn in Figs. 6,
7, 8, and 9, Sheet 1; Fig. 6 being a view of one end, Fig. 7 a view of
the other end, and Figs. 8 and 9 front and end elevations of the wheel
connected to the holding plate. The wheel is formed with the ordinary
two sets of ratchet teeth in opposite directions, and the end of the
catch 8¹ which works on a stud fixed to the side frame is formed to act
both as a thrust and a pull in the usual manner, and when the machine
is working the catch is held up out of reach of the teeth by an arm or
projection on the spring handle k; at the end of the helical spring
there is a projecting stud placed in a hole in the plate u¹ which forms
the body of the wheel, and the other end t¹ is jointed to the arm 20¹

page_text: having at its outer end a stud ¹ which is placed in a hole in the holding
plate y¹ fixed to the drum shaft d; the spring of the spring buffer is
shewn at ¹, it is placed in a socket formed in the projection a² cast to the
plate u', and on the drum shaft is fixed the boss and arm b³, c², at any
position required. When there is breakage or absence of warp thread
the spring handle springs inwards, and the arm or projection fixed to it
is lowered to allow the front end of the catch to come in contact with
the ratchet teeth and hold the wheel firm, and then as the drum shaft
is carried on by the momentum, the holding plate y¹ winds up the
helical spring until the arm c* is pressed upon the buffer spring z¹, and
then the motions of the drum and warp beam are reversed according
to the distance the helical spring is wound up, which distance is
regulated as required by so fixing the arm c² on the drum shaft d that
more or less time shall elapse before the arm comes in contact with the
buffer spring.
The fifth and last part of my improvements relate to the driving
pulleys on the drum shaft of the machine, and consists in an improved
arrangement of mechanism for enabling the drum to be turned forwards
and backwards with one strap only. On the drum shaft d, Fig. 1, I fix
a pulley d and place on one side of it a loose pulley e², at the side of
which there is another loose pulley falso shewn in Fig. 10; to this
pulley is cast or fixed a toothed wheel g³, Figs. 10 and 11, which
passes through a hole in a plate h³, Figs. 1 and 10, fixed to the frame side;
the toothed wheel g³ gears into a pinion, Figs. 10 and 11, placed on
a stud fixed to the plate h³ and the pinion gears into an internal toothed
wheel fixed to the drum shaft. When the strap is on the loose
pulley e the machine is stopped, when it is on the loose pulley f³ the
gearing turns the drum in the direction for winding the warp on the
warp beam, and when it is on the fixed pulley d it turns the drum in
the reverse direction required for turning back the warp beam after a
breakage or absence of thread.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim, in warping or beaming machines,―
First. The employment of wires or their equivalents stretched across
the machine in contact with the levers which are supported by the warp
threads for the purpose of enabling the fluke to be continuously cleared
away.

page_text: Secondly. The employment of vertical rods fixed a short distance from
the frame sides for the ends or pivots of falling rods and rollers to
work between. The wedges and levers for raising the front roller when
required, and the sliding bars and hooks, and also the levers worked
by tappets on the stopping and setting on rods for holding up the falling
rods after they have been raised.
Thirdly. The form and application of the front end of the eccentric
rod for working the oscillating shaft, and pulling the spring handle out of
its detent for causing the stoppage of the machine.
Fourthly. The spring buffer in connection with the double catch
wheel and the arms or hinges at one or both ends of the helical spring
for the purposes described.
And, fifthly, The improved arrangement of mechanism for enabling
the drum and warp beam to be turned in forward and backward directions
with only one driving strap, as all such improvements are herein described
and illustrated in the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Rossetter, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.