IMPROVE- MENTS IN FIREPLACES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We WILLIAM FAWCETT, of Burton Salmon, Gentleman and HoWARD MATRAVERS
ASHLEY, Manager of Iron Works of Knottingley, both said places being in the
County of York do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FIREPLACES to be as follows :-
Our invention relates to improvements in Fireplaces which term we wish to be
understood as including both the metal stove or stove grate, and also any substitute
for the metal stove or stove grate, or for the back thereof which may be of fireclay
or other suitable material, and attached to the metal grate, or to the building.
The objects of our invention are, first the more perfect utilization of the heat
of the fire by a system of radiation and reflection; and secondly the better
consumption of smoke.
Our Invention may be briefly described as follows, when applied to a stove or
stove grate; the back of the stove or stove grate, from about the height of the top
bar, and upwards, is made with a series of "louvres" or plates of metal, firebrick
or other suitable material, by preference arranged horizontally, the front edges
being elevated and the back edges depressed so that the intermediate smoke spaces
descend obliquely from front to back. The louvre plates may be stationary or be
fixed on axles, so as to adjust the angle of depression.
In conjunction with the above, we use in some cases, a depending screen of
venetian bars, from the front of the stovegrate, so arranged as to deflect the heat
from the upper part of the stovegrate down towards the floor, or by reversing the
position of the bars to direct the air from the room to the back of the stove grate.
In the case of removeable stove grates such as "dog stoves" for example, our
invention may be constructed in, or attached to, the back of the recess or fireplace,
against which the removeable fire holder will be placed.
i
In this case a single slab of fireclay perforated with slots corresponding to the
oblique smoke spaces, between the louvres as before described may be used, or
separate louvre plates fixed, or made to swivel on axles may be built into the back
of the recess as before mentioned and so that the openings communicate with the
chimney or flue.
We are aware that louvres have been used before our invention, in which the
smoke spaces have always inclined upwards, but in our invention the smoke spaces
incline downwards from the front openings and produce a very different and novel
result.
1
004

page_text: We WILLIAM FAWCETT of Burton Salmon Gentleman, and HOWARD MATRAVERS
ASHLEY Manager of Ironworks, Greenfield Cottage, Knottingly, both said places
being in the County of York do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE PLACES and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say :-
Our invention relates to improvements in Fireplaces, which term we wish to be
understood as including both the metal stove or stove grate, and also any substitute
for the metal stove or stove grate, or for the back thereof, which may be of fireclay
or other suitable refractory material, and attached to the metal grate or to the
building.
The objects of our invention are first, the more perfect utilization of the heat
of the fire, by a system of radiation and reflection, and second, a more perfect
consumption of smoke.
Our invention may be briefly described as follows, when applied to a stove
grate; the back, from about the height of the top bar and upwards is made with
a series of "louvres" or horizontal bars or plates of metal, firebrick or other suitable
material the front edges being elevated and the back edges depressed, the inter-
medinte smoke spaces descending obliquely from front to back into the chimney.
Such louvre plates may be adjustable, or be fixed and stationary.
A depending screen of venetian bars from the front of the stove grate may be
used in combination with the arrangement described, and so that at one angle the
bars would deflect the heat from the top of the stove grate towards the floor, or
by reversing the bars they would direct the air from the room, to the back of the
stove grate.
When "Dog stoves" or other removeable stoves are used in recesses, our
invention may be attached to or constructed in the back of the recess against
which the removeable stove or grate will be placed, in this case a single slab of
fireclay may be used, provided with slots, or oblique spaces for the passage of the
smoke; or separate slabs of fireclay or other material may be built into the back
of the recess so that the spaces may descend into the chimney or flue.
And in order that our invention may be clearly understood we annex a sheet
of drawings to illustrate the principle of our invention.
"
or
Fig. 1, represents an elevation of a stove grate, with a series of "louvres
diagonally shaped openings in the back, according to our invention, also with a
venetian screen depending from the front.
Fig. 2, is a sectional view of same showing the diagonal openings leading to the
chimney.
A, A, A, are the diagonal openings for the smoke, leading to the chimney or
flue B; C is the depending screen of venetian bars of polished brass, steel, or other
⚫ suitable material, which may be turned to any desired angle, or they may be fixed
and immoveable.
We have shown the diagonal openings formed in a slab of fireclay.
We are aware that louvres have been used at the backs of fireplaces previous to
our invention, but. in all cases the smoke spaces between, have inclined upwards,
but our invention is to turn such openings downwards, having found by experi-
ments that a very novel and beneficial result is attained; we find that the smoke
from the fire is more perfectly consumed, and the radiation of the heat is more
perfect,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, We declare that what
we claim is
1-In Fireplaces, the openings A, A, A of any required number, communicating
with the chimney or Blue, and formed at an angle inclining downwards from the
fire, whether such openings are the spaces between separate slabs or louvies, or are
openings made in a solid block of fireclay or similar material, for the purpose, and
substantially as described and illustrated.
2-In fireplaces constructed with the above described diagonal or inclined
openings, the use of a screen of "Venetian bars" for the purpose specified.
1
5004
ROBT F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicants.