Year: 1899

page_text: I, JOSEPH WILLIAM SHEPPARD, of No. 797, Broadway, New York City, United
States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
My invention relates especially to means and construction whereby windows
or glazed openings of any kind style or description, may be rendered fireproof;,
and has for its object the provision of a window or glazed opening so arranged
that means are provided for inducing a current of air between two panes of wire
glass.
I am aware that window sashes have been made with two panes of ordinary glass
for ice houses, green houses, and the like, between which panes was provided a
dead air space. My invention is designed to particularly provide a glazed opening
or window giving light in any location, while at the same time rendering such
window fire proof without the use of fire shutters, or other apparatus. This object
may be attained, by making the sash proper of sheet metal, as well as the window
frame, so arranged that air may enter freely, and circulate between the two panes
of wire glass constituting the glazing. My invention, therefore, consists in sup-
porting two panes of wire glass in a hollow sash, or in any other opening, parallel
to each other, the space between said panes of wire glass communicating with
a source of air supply, and also with an opening or openings, whereby in the
event of heat being applied to one side of the window, a rapid circulation of air
is induced through the space between the two panes of wire glass, thereby carrying
off the heat, and preventing the pane farthest from the source of heat becoming
so heated as to rive off dangerous radiation, thereby preventing ignition of com-
bustible material in proximity thereto.
My invention is designed for use in connection with the well known wire glass;
that is, glass in which is embedded a wire mesh. When subjected to high tem-
perature the pane of wire glass nearest the heat will crack, and the pane farthest
from the heat may also crack, more or less, but the wire embedded between the
surfaces of the glass is protected from the air, hence, as no oxidization can take
place, the panes of wire glass will be held in place, let the heat applied crack
the glass ever so much, practically preserving the integrity of the pane. Sashes
embodying my invention are designed for use particularly in roof exposed windows
in buildings, factories &c., where light is provided' from the exterior, and in all
positions where light is required, and at the same time where protection must be
provided against fire from adjacent buildings, and to confine fire to a building
wherein it originates.

page_text: 'Improvements in Fireproof Windows and the like.
I, JOSEPH WILLIAM SHEPPARD, of No. 797, Broadway, New York City, United
States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
i
My invention relates especially to means and construction whereby windows
or glazed openings of any kind, style, or description may, be rendered fireproof,
and has for its object the provision of a window or glazed opening so arranged
that means are provided for inducing a current of air between two panes of wire
glass, all of which will be hereinafter first fully described and then pointed out
in the claims.
3
In the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof Figure l'is an interior
view in elevation of a window or glazed opening, illustrating one method of carry-
ing my invention into effect. Fig. 2 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view
at line of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view at line y-y
of Fig. 1.
Similar numerals of reference, wherever they occur, indicate corresponding parts
in all the figures.
I am aware that window sashes have been made with two panes of ordinary glass
for ice-houses, greenhouses, and the like,, between which panes was provided a
dead-air space.
My invention is designed particularly to provide a glazed opening, or window
giving light in any location, while at the same time rendering such window fire-
proof without the use of fire-shutters or other apparatus. This object: may, be
attained, as shown in the accompanying drawings, by making the sash proper.of
sheet metal, as well as the window-frame, so arranged that air may enter freely
and circulate between the two panes of wire-glass, constituting, the glazing..
My invention therefore consists in supporting two panes of wire-glass-in-a
hollow sash or in any other opening parallel to each other, the space between
said panes of wire-glass communicating with a source of air-supply and also
with an exit opening or openings, whereby in the event of heat being applied to
one side of the window a rapid circulation of air is induced through the space
between the two panes of glass thereby carrying off the heat and preventing the
pane farthest from the source of heat, from becoming so heated as do, give off
dangerous radiation, thereby preventing ignition of combustible materjal in
proximity thereto.
1
****
To clearly demonstrate the nature of my invention, I will illustrate the opera-
tion of the same by briefly reciting the history of a test conducted with-a-window
constructed substantially the same as that shown in the drawings. The window
was placed eighteen inches from an opening, in a kiln where the heat was known
to be at a temperature of over 2,500° Fahrenheit. When the air from the exterior
was permitted to circulate between the two panes, of wire-glass, common-cotton-
batting located seven inches from the pane of wire-glass farthest from the heat
showed no signs of singeing, although it was so. exposed to. this intense heat for
half an hour. Some of the same combustible material was rubbed against the
surface of the wire-glass farthest from the heat and it also, showed no signs of
scorching, the circulating air effectually preventing the transmission, of heat suffi-
cient to scorch or ignite the cotton. Upon closing the apertures through which
the air reached the space between the two panes of wire-glass combustible material
when placed in proximity to the glass farthest from the source of heat would
ignite.

page_text: My invention is designed for use in connection with the well known wire glass
that is, glass in which is embedded a wire mesh. When subjected to a high tem-
perature the pane of wire glass nearest the heat will crack, and the pane farthest
from the heat may also crack, more or less, but the wire embedded between the
surfaces of the glass is protected from the air. Hence as no oxidation can take
place the panes of glass will be held in place, let the glass he cracked ever so
much by the heat applied, practically preserving the integrity of the panc. Sashes
embodying my invention are designed for use particularly in roof-exposed windows
in buildings, factories &c., where light is provided from the exterior, and in all
positions where light is required and at the same time where protection must
be provided against fire from adjacent buildings and to confine fire to a building
wherein it originates.
In the drawings, 1 is a sash proper, preferably made of sheet metal and molded
hollow, with seats 2 for two sheets of wire-glass 3. The sash may be mounted
in any kind of frame-that is, the sash may be pivoted, swinging, sliding, or
stationary. Openings 4 may be provided in the frame 5 at the bottom and similar
openings 6 at the top of the frame, as illustrated in Fig. 3. The sash 1 may
be provided at the bottom with openings 7 and at the top with similar openings,
and when the window-frame is made hollow, as shown in Fig. 2, openings 8
may be made in the side stiles of the sash. I have shown the openings as circular;
but it is obvious that such openings may be of any shape and arrangement, and
the air may be admitted and exit-openings provided at any desired point without
departing from the spirit of my invention, and it will be at once apparent that
should excessive heat be applied to one side of a window or glazed opening having
the characteristics of my invention the pane nearest the source of heat would heat
the air in the space between the two panes, inducing a rapid circulation or current
of ascending air the tendency of which would be to keep the opposite pane at
a much lower temperature, and by so doing prevent ignition of combustible
material in proximity thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a window or glazed opening, two panes of wire-glass supported parallel
to, but separate from each other, and air-conduits to and from the space between
the panes, substantially as and for the uses and purpose shown and described.
2. A window-sash provided with two panes of wire-glass, and having openings
leading from the exterior to the space between the panes, substantially as described.
3. The combination with a hollow sash-frame, of two panes of. wire-glass mounted
therein, said sash-frame being provided with openings communicating with the
space between the said panes of wireglass, the space in the hollow sash in turn
communicating with the exterior, substantially as described.
4. The combination with a hollow, metal sash-frame, of two panes of wire-
glass therein, said frame being provided with an opening or openings connecting
the space in said hollow frame with the space between the said panes of wire-glass,
said sash-frame being also provided with exterior openings, substantially as
described.
5. The combination with a hollow metal sash-frame, formed with interior open-
ings between the two panes of glass, of two panes of wire-glass mounted in said
frame, substantially as shown and described.
D
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.