Improvements in Centrifugal Separators.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 15th May, 1894-Accepted, 14th July, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Separators.
I, OLOF LINDERS, of Kungstensgatan 60, Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The arrangements in centrifugal apparatus, forming the subject of this invention,
have for their object to facilitate the separation of the lighter fluid from the
heavier, and consist of a cylindrical body, placed in the centrifugal drum concen-
trically with the axis of the drum and containing canals, channels or passages
some of which extend in the direction of the axis while others extend radially.
The axial channels or passage forming the separating canals proper are preferably
formed zigzag alternately approaching and receding from the centre of the drum.
The radial channels connect the centre of the drum with the axial channels and
serve as conduits for the lighter fluid from the latter channels towards the centre.
The radial canals may thus be called separating canals.
On the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 shows a vertical section and Figure 2 a horizontal section of the drum.
Figures 3 and 4 show a somewhat modified arrangement of the leading off channels
and another arrangement for collecting slime and heavy solid particles, which may
be present in the fluid, subjected to the centrifugal action.
The zigzag formed separating channels or passages a run at equal distances from
each other longitudinally through the cylindrical body A placed in the drum and
from these channels the leading off passages b and c are extending towards the
centre. The passages e preferably converging from the points of the channels a
situated nearest to or farthest from the centre, may either be single, as shown
on the right in Figure 1 or partly single and partly divided as shown on the left
in the same figure. The fluid to be separated is in the usual manner led in at the
lower part of the drum through a pipe d and is driven towards the periphery by
the wings or equivalente at the bottom of the drum wherefrom it mounts into the
channels a. The lighter fluid, which tends to move towards the centre of the drum
and consequently accumulates on the sides of the channels a situated nearest to the
centre, finds a direct way to the central space of the cylindrical body through the
passages b and c while the heavier fluid continues to mount through the channels a
up to the outlet f at the top of the drum, from which it is thrown outwards to the
receiving vessel The lighter fluid mounts at the centre of the drum and is
thrown outwards through the outlet to the receiving vessel i. The separation
thus continues during the whole upward passage without that currents of fluids of
different densities might meet or hamper each other.
The cylindrical body may be constructed in different ways. It is most convenient
to compose it of sector formed pieces k embraced by two semi-cylinders as shown
in Figure 2. Each sector contains some passages b and c which are all open at the
side of the sector which abuts against the opposite radial and closed side of the next
sector. The channels a are made in the outer cylinder 1. It is also possible to
form the part A containing the channels by placing discs on each other or by casting
it in one piece.
The modification, shown in Figures 3 and 4 has for purpose, as mentioned above,
to increase the number of the leading off channels and to form receptacles or spaces
within which slime and dirt may accumulate so that the channels may not be filled
with these matters. The additional passages are arranged between and limited by
the before mentioned passages b and c in the intermediate parts. One additional

page_text: passage may be arranged in each intermediate part, as shown in the left portion
of Figure 3, or two such passages may be arranged in every second intermediate
part as shown in the other portion of the same figure. In the latter case the
channels are preferably drawn from that side of the inclined' channel a which
conducts the fluid, streaming through the canal nearer to the centre as shown on
the drawing, because the resistance is greater in this place. Further the leading
off passages may run radially or obliquely as shown on the right and the left hand
side Figure 1.
For preventing the channels being filled with slime and dirt receptacles or
pockets are arranged outside the channels a and communicating therewith by
openings or passages at the points of the canals, situated farthest from the centre
of the drum. In these pockets the slime and dirt accumulate which otherwise in
consequence of its relatively great weight would accumulate at the parts of the
channels a farthest from the centre. The whole body A fits closely in the drum
and may when the cover of the drum is removed be removed for cleaning.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In centrifugal apparatus for separating fluids of different specific gravities
the arrangements of a cylindrical frame or body placed in the rotating drum and
either constructed in one single piece or preferably composed of several pieces, and
containing partly a number of separating channels or passages running axially
and in zigzag towards and from the centre of the drum and partly other passages or
channels communicating with the space at the centre of the frame or body from
the points of the first mentioned' channels situated nearest to and farthest from the
centre of the drum with the view that the lighter fluid may be able to stream
towards the centre through the last mentioned passages as it is separated from the
heavier fluid passing through the axial channels substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus such as described in the preceding claim the arrangement
whereby leading off passages running from the axial channels towards the centre
of the drum are arranged somewhere between those points of said axial channels
situated nearest to or farthest from the centre of the drum with a view to
facilitating the passage of the lighter fluid to the centre substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In apparatus such as described the arrangement of receptacles or pockets r
situated immediately outside or near to the axial channels and by means of openings
or canals communicating with the parts of said channels farthest from the centre
of the drum said receptacles or spaces being adapted to collect heavy solid particles
slime and the like substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
ПАТИТЕ
WE
TAXA
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
London, Nottingham, Liverpool, Manchester,
Agents for the Applicant.