matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO THE GRATES OF FURNACES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Schofield at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1881.
JAMES SCHOFIELD of Littleborough in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO THE GRATES OF FURNACES."
My Invention relates more particularly to a former Invention for which Letters
Patent bearing date the Fourth day of November in the year 1875 and numbered
3840 were granted to myself in conjunction with a certain Thomas Holt. In the
said former Invention long grate bars were mounted upon bearers which wero
rocked by the act of opening and shutting the furnace doors the bearings which
carried the ends of the said bearers being attached to the furnace shell of the
boiler. I have found that these long bars were liable to become distorted by the
heat and that the method of mounting the apparatus within the flue was incon-
venient. According to my present Invention I use two or more short bars in place
of each long bar and when using two short bars I mount them upon three bearers.
The inner ends of the bars-that is to say the ends which come together aro
reduced in breadth so that they can pass one another and can rest upon one bearer
which is common to both bars and which acts upon the two bars as if they were
one. In cases wherein it might be considered to be advisable to use three bars
arranged end to end four bearers would be employed. The pivots of tho central
bearer are mounted in side bars which at the front end are connected with and
sustained by the dead plate and at the rear end aro sustained by the wall plate or
by means of a cross bearer in front of the wall and the end rocking bearers are
either mounted in the same way or in hooked projections from the dead plate and
wall plate. The rocking bearers are thus sustained without having to attach
brackets to the shell of the fluc. The said rocking bearers are arranged to lift cach
alternate bar when rocked in one direction and the intermediate bars when rocked
in the contrary direction and are connected together by means of links so that
when the front bearer is rocked by means of a hand lever or otherwise the bearers
move in unison.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FIRE ARMS, AND IN CARTRIDGES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lucien Joalland at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1881.
LUCIEN JOALLAND, of Hâvre, in the Republic of France, Gunsmith. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FIRE ARMS, AND IN CARTRIDGES FOR THE SAME."
My Invention relates to the barrels and cartridges of hunting or sporting rifles
known under the name of Long Wear.
My rifle is constructed with two barrels and for a range of 200 meters, which
may be increased by rifling the bore of the tubes. The left barrel of this rifle
contains tubes varying in number from three to six, according to the diameter of
the barrel, said tubes serving to direct the lead, while the right side is preferably
smooth, although it may be constructed like the left side.
The cartridge contains in its upper part as many tubes or conduits as there are
tubes in the barrel to which it belongs, while the base of the cartridge receives the
charge of gunpowder necessary for the gun. The cartridge may be made of metal,
cardboard, or other suitable material, and is preferably composed of two parts
screwed together in the centre for the purpose of facilitating the renewal of the
charge.
Having found that by igniting the cartridges from the bottom the combustion of
the powder is more complete and the loss of gas avoided, I apply the percussion
preferably at the bottom, but may adopt any ordinary mode of firing cartridges,
for instance, central firing. Although this cartridge is intended for the tubulous
barrel, it may be used without inconvenience for the smooth barrel, and gives even
a better result than the ordinary cartridge.
Rifles of other systems may be adapted for use with my new cartridge, for
instance, by lining the smooth bore of an ordinary rifle with an auxiliary tube.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR STEAMING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elizabeth Buckley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January 1881. A communication
by her late husband.
ELIZABETH BUCKLEY, Widow and Executrix of the late Joseph Buckley, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR STEAMING TEXTILE FABRICS." (A communication
by her late husband.)
This Invention is designed principally for the steaming of calicoes printed with
indigo for the purpose of fixing the color, but it may also be employed for steaming
other textile fabrics where a dry steam heat is required.
The apparatus consists externally of a box or vessel of cast iron or other suitable
material closed at the bottom and open at the top. Above the bottom of this
vessel is a false bottom which is perforated all over so that steam being admitted
to the space below the false bottom will pass through the same into the vessel.
Above the false bottom is a copper cylinder (about six inches diameter) extending
across the centre of the vessel, and above the top of the vessel is a steam pipe of a
similar diameter which is connected with the copper cylinder and also by a supply
pipe with the boiler.
Sloping upwards from the top of the box or vessel (and nearly touching the
steam pipe on each side) are two flat steam chests. The calico or other fabric
passes into the box or vessel by the space between the sloping steam chest and one
side of the steam pipe, then downwards under the copper cylinder, and up again
and out through the space between the steam pipe and the other sloping steam
chest.
Inside the vessel and on each side of the fabric as it passes down to and up from
the copper cylinder are two flat steam chests connected to horizontal steam pipes,
and intended to keep the steam in the vessel dry during its action on the printed
fabric.
The various steam chests and pipes and the copper cylinder are all provided
with small pipes and taps for drawing off the condensed water therefrom. Carrier
rollers are provided for conducting the calico or other fabric to and from the
steaming box or vessel, and a pair of drawing rollers are employed for carrying
the fabric through the apparatus at the required speed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING, ROASTING, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th May 1881. A communi-
cation from abroad by Edward H. Potter, of the City of New York, United
States of America.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING, ROASTING, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES."
A communication from abroad by Edward H. Potter, of the City of New York,
United States of America.
The improvements consist in the combination of the following elements, or some
of them An oven, a screw conveyer with its inclosing casing located in the oven,
a fire-place arranged at the side of the oven, flues leading from the fire-place undor
the oven to an upright flue at the end opposite to that at which the fire-place is
located, a horizontal flue or flues above the oven, an outlet connected with the last
named horizontal fluc, and with the fire-place directly, and valves for regulating
the passage of the gases of combustion froin the fire-place into said outlet, either
directly or through the aforesaid flues. The improvements are performed by making
the screw conveyer and its casing of metal, the oven and flues of brick-work; the
conveyer is furnished with pulleys or gearing, and is worked by any convenient
motor. The material treated in the apparatus is conveyed from end to end of the
casing by the means of the screw, which also breaks up and prevents the caking of
the material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Otto Trossin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd April 1881.
_OTTO TROSSIN, of the Royal Hotel, Blackfriars, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES."
The object of this Invention is to superheat the steam in compound engines in a
novel manner by inserting in the lower part of the high pressure cylinder a
suitable furnace, whereby the necessary amount of caloric is imparted to the steam
in such cylinder, while the steam is being admitted, and while it is being expanded
therein.
The means whereby I effect this my said improvement is by building up or
inserting in the lower part of the cylinder a cylindrical furnace with fire-door
furnace bars and chimney. The remaining heat from the products of combustion
after heating the steam internally are carried into an annular chamber, surrounding
the outside of the lower part of the high pressure cylinder. By means of this
furnace a large amount of heating surface is exposed to the steam inside the
cylinder, whereby the steam therein is superheated, and a further amount of
heating surface is utilised outside the cylinder, this adding to the power of super-
heating the steam, and increasing its efficiency, and preventing loss by conduction.
The steam after doing its work in the high pressure cylinder is carried by the
usual passages through the ports and valve or valves to the lower pressure cylinder,
where it is utilised in driving the low pressure piston. After it leaves the low
pressure cylinder, it passes into an annular chamber surrounding the lower part
thereof, and thence either to a condenser or to the atmosphere in the usual manner.
I use ordinary slide and "cut off" valves for the admission and distribution of
the steam.
Surrounding the upper portions of the cylinders I use cooling chambers or spaces
for cooling such upper portions of the cylinders, and preventing the metal from
being unduly influenced by heat.
My said Invention is applicable not only to compound engines but also (by
modifications of the details while keeping to the improvements indicated) to single
cylinder and single and double acting steam engines of all the known forms and
arrangements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN NUT LOCK WASHERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Giuseppi Gulland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1881.
A communication from abroad by Nicholas Belfield Denny, of Singapore, in
the Straits Settlements.
WILLIAM GIUSEPPI GULLAND, of Number 39, Lime Street, in the City of London,
Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN NUT LOCK WASHERS." [A communication from
abroad by Nicholas Belfield Denny, of Singapore, in the Straits Settlements.]
The object achieved by this Invention is that of securely locking a nut without
altering or interfering with the bolt or nut itself. When square bolts are used, the
surface to which the nut is applied is also left untouched.
It consists in a washer A or B (Figures 1 and 2), stamped or cut from steel
plate, the blank resembling an ordinary washer. This is cut at c, c, leaving the
portion c, c, c, semi-detached and turned up at its outer end, assuming the position
shewn at c, c, c, (Figures 3, 4 and 5).
Figure 1 is a washer for a round bolt. At F, a stud is inserted projecting
beneath the washer. To apply the washer, a small hole is punched or drilled on
the surface receiving it (see F, Figure 3). This prevents the washer from turning.
On the nut (K, Figure 3, and dotted lines on A, Figure 1), being screwed down, it
depresses the spring portion c, c, c, of washer which springs up into its place on the
nut corner, passing it, thus securely locking the nut from turning backwards.
Pressure with any tool on c, c, c, will depress it so as to allow of unscrewing.
Hexagonal nuts lock more easily than square nuts.
In the case of square bolts the washer, Figure 2, fits over the shoulder of the
bolt. The stud F is not therefore needed, and neither nut, bolt, or surface require
any alteration.
.
Two sheet iron washers 1/2 of an inch thick are supplied with each lock washer
to ensure accuracy in screwing home.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BOX LIDS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Chase at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th January 1881.
WILLIAM HENRY CHASE, of 199, Upper Thames Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR BOX LIDS."
This Invention of improvements in fastenings for box lids relates to furnishing
to small boxes, especially cigar boxes, the means of attaching a fastening for a
padlock, so that the box may be protected from being pilfered of its contents.
I take a piece of brass or other suitable metal in a long strip and bend it into
the form shown in the Drawing, Figure 1 in section, and in face view, Figure 2,
I attach it to the box, a cigar box, as shown in Figure 3, the small hook, Figure 4,
or screw staple being inserted for the flap of the brass to pass over. Figure
shews the bending of the metal.
To attach the fastening to the box it is only necessary to place the brass pin on
the edge of the lid and shut it down, then to mark the place for the screw hook,
open the lid out of the way, screw in the hook, and then on shutting down the
lid the brass springs over the projecting eye of the staple, and a small padlock
completes the fastening.
STOOL TO PREVENT SEA-SICKNESS ON BOARD OF SHIP
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Lebacq at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th June 1881.
FRANCOIS LEBACQ, 4, Boulevard, Vangirard à Paris (France).
STOOL TO PREVENT SEA-SICKNESS ON BOARD OF SHIP."
"AN IMPROVED
1º. The stool can be made of wood, iron, or any other hard material at my
option.
2º. Its size and dimensions are not limited; I can have it made to any size
according to requirements. The ono represented by the Drawing attached to the
present Specification is the diminutive form of a usual stool, and is made of iron,
wood, and india rubber; the part represented by the Drawing is only the half of
the stool cut in the center, and is composed as follows:-
No. 1 represents the frame of iron in the shape of a round vase.
No. 2 represents a carved or turned woden block forming the seat or rather the
part where one seats, with a groove all round to lodge a rundle of solid india
rubber which isolates the block from the frame by the half of its size; the other
half of the rundle of india rubber rests on the inside part of the frame.
No. 3 is the rundle of india rubber lodged in the groove of the block.
No. 4 is a large piece of cast iron used as a weight.
No. 5 is a round iron bar or rod, which attaches the said piece of cast iron to
the wooden block inside the frame in order to keep the seat in a horizontal position
when the ship is in motion.
AN IMPROVED GLOBE HOLDER FOR GAS AND OTHER BURNERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Chatwin and Henry Shipway
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1881.
JOSEPH CHATWIN and HENRY SHIPWAY, both of Hay Mills, in the County
of Worcester. "AN IMPROVED GLOBE HOLDER FOR GAS AND OTHER BURNERS."
Our Invention is for the purpose of providing a simple and efficient holder for
gas and other glass or other globes, whereby the greatest security is afforded to
such globes with at the same time a sufficient freedom of action for their expansion
and contraction, while at the same time the fastening is so simple that the globe
may be reinoved or fixed very quickly.
Globe holders are usually made with three arins radiating from the burner for
carrying the globe, two of the arms being notched at their ends to receive the
bottom edge of the globe, while the third arm carries a thumb screw which sets up
against the outside or inside of the globe; these screws are often the cause of the
globes breaking when expanding under heat.
Now our globe holders are made as regards two of the arms in the same manner
as before, viz., with a notch to receive the bottom edge of the globe, but the third
arm is plain on its surface where the edge of the globe rests. We secure the globe
in its position by means of an internal button, screw hook, or excentric pin, which
is inserted from the lower side of the third arm of the holder inside the inner edge
of the globe. Take for instance the thumb screw hook:-The neck of the shauk
before it is bent over is screwed with a short thread, and the hole in the third arm
of the holder is tapped with a corresponding thread to receive it. The screw is
then inserted and run nearly up to its shoulder, when the point is bent over to
the angle of the inside of the globe. A collar, top and bottom, will answer the same
purpose as the screw thread, that is, it will prevent the thumb screw from dropping
down, but the thread is perhaps a little the cheapest. We regulate or limit the
travel of the thumb screw or excentric or button by means of a stud fixed in the
third arm at the back of the said button hook or excentric pin, so that the flats on
the thumb screw or button stand at an angle with the third arm when the globe is
not fixed, but quite parallel with the said arm when the globe is fast in its proper
position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED KNIVES AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ritchie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1881.
WILLIAM RITCHIE, of the City and County of Edinburgh, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINED KNIVES AND MEASURING INSTRUMENTS."
The said Invention relates to improvements in combined knives and measuring
instruments, and consists as follows:-One of the side plates of the knife handle
carries an outer plate of ivory, bone, metal, vulcanite, or other material, which
consists of two parts jointed together at one end, and at the other end one of them
is jointed to the knife handle plate, so that the two parts of the outer plate may be
turned out from off the knife handle plate, and then be turned out from each other
when they will all be in line. The two parts of the outer plate and the side of the
knife plate are all divided according to a convenient scale for measurement, and
constitute a measuring rule when opened out as aforesaid. To confine the outer
plate or rule when folded over the knife handle plate, the jointed end may be
caused to take under a cap piece, the opposite free and jointed ends being received
under a similar cap piece, a pin on the free unjointed end, and a recess in the cap
piece engaging together to retain the outer plate or rule in position. Or to give a
flush surface throughout the side of the knife when the outer plate or rule is folded
in, the end at which the one part is jointed to the knife handle plate may have a
stop piece curved to fit the joint and rivetted to the knife handle plate, so as to
form a stop for the outer plate or rule when folded upon the knife handle plate; the
other end of the rule, that is to say, the end whereat the two parts of the outer
plate or rule are jointed together, takes under an undercut end piece having a
tongue piece, which takes into a correspondingly shaped recess in the said end of
the rule, a curved spring at the back pressing the said end of the rule, so that its
recess engages with the said tongue piece with sufficient firmness to prevent its
accidental displacement. The said under-cut end piece may be formed with a stop
piece to retain the rule in proper position in addition to the tongue piece.
The blade of the knife opposite the end at which the rule is jointed to the knife
handle plate may be marked with a scale, which forms a continuation of the scale
of the other parts when the said blade is opened out. Both sides of the rule
may be divided by a convenient scale, for example, English and French scales
respectively.
The Invention is applicable to knives generally, such as pocket knives, surgical
knives, and the like.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING WATER CLOSETS, URINALS, DRAINS, AND THE LIKE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Beddoe at the Office of the
Coinmissioners of Patents on the 17th November 1881.
THOMAS BEDDOE, 7, New Church St., Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISINFECTING WATER CLOSETS,
URINALS, DRAINS, AND THE LIKE"
First I have a metal or earthenware globe filled with chemical compound for
disinfecting on the top of this globe I place an air vessel or chamber. On one
sid of the globe is a pipe leading from the supply water pipe. These are connected
and supply the water to mix with the compound in the globe. On the opposite
side of globe I place a still smaller pipe which leads to the closet pan. The
water fills the globe to a certain height untill coming level with the air
vessel, and by this means is forced up the outlet pipe into the closet or drains.
Thus the supply of disinfectant is regulated by pneumatic power combined with
.hydraulic.
IN FANCY BOXES."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Carter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1881.
JAMES CARTER, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland.
IN FANCY BOXES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to the construction of fancy boxes, such as may be used
for containing collars, cuffs, and other similar articles, and which by the present
improvements are also rendered otherwise useful and ornamental.
The Invention consists essentially in forming such boxes with a compartment,
in addition to that containing the collars or articles, in which is fitted a sun dial
adapted for showing true solar time, in any position in which it may be placed by
being carried on a magnet needle.
The improved boxes are constructed in a variety of ornamental shapes of card or
paste board, or thin wood or veneering, and for general use they may be made
either square, oblong, or cylindrical, the box being by preference formed with an
ornamental base of extra breadth. The lid or cover may either be hinged or made
to fit over or into the box, and is made of considerable depth, to admit of the
insertion within it of a card or board fitted horizontally a short distance from the
top of the box cover, which is made of glass, or has a glass pane inserted into an
opening in it. This card or board in the box cover is fitted at the centre with a
vertical needle or pin, on which a magnet needle with a central cup bearing rests,
or the dial and magnet might be hung by a vertical link or thread. The magnet
has a sun dial card attached to its upper surface, and the pane in the cover adimits
of the sun casting the shadow of a style on this dial to show the hour of the day.
This dial is fixed with the style and time figures in such a position relatively to the
longitudinal centre of the magnet as to show true solar time in this country, but
for boxes which are to be sent abroad, the sun dial card is set on the magnet in a
position to correspond to the longitude of the particular place, and thus indicate
solar time for that country.
The boxes are by preference covered with glazed and coloured paper with
suitable devices and remarks explanatory of the action and use of the sun dial
printed thereon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN T SQUARES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Corp at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1881.
JAMES CORP, of Clement's Road, Bermondsey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN T SQUARES."
This Invention relates to the construction of draughtsmen's T squares in such
manner as to allow of greater exactitude and quickness of work.
For this purpose I fix at the outer edge of the stock a spring, which presses
against a small slide block connected through a slot in the blade to one end of a
rod, lath, or wire extending along nearly the whole length of the upper surface of
the blade, a second slide block being similarly connected to its other end or near
thereto. When the spring bears against the left hand slide block the drawing
board becomes grasped between the inner edge of the stock and the right hand
slide block, the T square being thus held sufficiently secure in one fixed position
to allow of the hand being removed from the stock or blade, both hands being then
quite free to work with. When the blade is thus firmly held in any required
position across the drawing board, work with the set square is much facilitated
and rendered more exact.
When it is required to release the hold of the T square the hand is placed in
its usual position on the stock, the fingers taking hold of a projecting knob or
part on the under side of such stock, and pressing the stock outwards the right
hand slide block is thus taking off the pressure from the edges of the drawing
board, and allowing of the free sliding or working of the T square so long as the
stock is kept pressed outwards; or an adjusting screw passing through the left
band slide block into the stock may be employed for the purpose.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BLOWPIPES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Fletcher at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th December 1881.
THOMAS FLETCHER of Warrington in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BLOWPIPES."
This Invention relates to gas blow pipes and has for its object the simultaneous
regulation of the supply of both gas and air by the movement of a single lever or
handle.
In carrying out my Invention I fit a plug into the gas tube in such a manner
that when turned or noved into the proper position it shall close or open or partly
close or open, both the gas and air inlets. An air jet is fixed in the front end of
the plug and communicates with a hole in the side of the plug which hole occupies
a position corresponding to the air inlet. The plug is also slotted from the front
end to a distance which will allow the gas inlet to be open to the slot when the
air jet is in free communication with the air inlet. If then by means of a suitable
handle or lever a sliding or a rotary motion is given to the plug the supply of air
under pressure and of gas will be simultaneously regulated to any desired extent or
they may be cut off altogether. There is a chamber in front of the plug in which
the gas may occupy an annular space around the air jet and thus facilitate the
perfect delivery or admixture of the gas and air.
I prefer the use of a parallel plug in a tube but a conical plug may be adapted
equally well. If a parallel plug is used the blow pipe may be made self closing by
sliding motion of the plug instead of a rotary one the closing motion being obtained
by a spring
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBRES
Year: 1881

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Naylor and Thomas
Thompson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October
1881.
JOHN WILLIAM NAYLOR, of Keighley, in the County of York, Spindle and
Flyer Manufacturer, and THOMAS THOMPSON, of the same place, Foreman.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBRES."
Our said Invention relates principally to improvements in flyers employed in
rovers or dandy rovers frames, and which Invention is applicable to spinning and
twisting frames.
The flyers heretofore in use in rovers or dandy rovers frames have been inado
with pieces in which enters the top of the spindle, and the top pieco of the flyer is
mado with a central holo and two holes on the side, and also with a brass plato or
wing having eyelets formed on the ends of the wing; the fibres under operation
pass through the centre hole and through one of the side holes to one of the eyelets
in the wing, and from there to one of the curls or twizzles at the bottom of
tho leg of the flyer. The holes often get filled up with small fibres; the brass
wings add expense, and the passing of the thread for piecing up when broken
through the holes is slow. To do away with these drawbacks we do away with the
top and side holes and with the brass wing, and produce flyers that can be
manufactured at less cost, and which allow of a quick piccing up and produce
better and more even yarn.
For this purpose we fit on the top of the flyer a projecting piece having a twirl
or twizzle, and at the ends of the shoulders of the flyer wo secure twirls or twizzles
which by preference we braze on; the threads pass from the drawing off rollers in
the usual way to the top twirl or twizzle, from there through one of the shoulder
twirls or twizzles, and thence through the bottom or ordinary curl at the oxtremity
of the leg to the bobbin.
By these means we produce flyers cheaper in the inanufacture, giving a regular
drag and better and more even yarn, allowing a quick and easy piccing up, and
also the altering of old flyers to this principle at a trifling cost. We may employ
with advantage our improved flyers in ordinary spinning or twisting frames.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TILES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1881. A communica-
tion from abroad by Adolphe Vuiliaumé, of Blanquefort, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TILES." A communication from abroad by Adolphe Vuillaumé, of Blanquefort,
France.
This Invention relates to an improved shape of tiles, which may be made of
metal (zinc, iron, or galvanized sheet-metal), burnt earthen ware, cement, or glass.
This improved tile is essentially characterized by its rhombical shape, and its
diagonal position on the slope of the roof. If for instance a rhombus with right
angles is adopted, the tile is a square, two adjacent sides of which are provided with
rims or flanges of about 2 centimetres, and the two other sides with similar rim on
the opposite face of the tile. Where the upper and lower rims respectively meet,
there is a cubic projection of about 2 centimetres for preventing the rain from
entering. Two hooks on the lower surface of the tile placed at about a third of its
diagonal length, admit of fastening the tile to the timber. Half tiles for filling the
spaces left by the entire tiles are made after this same principle, and therefore need no
particular description. The tiles may be grooved on one face, the grooves being
parallel to the diagonal. Gutter-tiles may be reinforced by a plate of zinc fitting
exactly, and placed on the lower face of the tile, said plate being fastened to it in
any suitable manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES, AND IN THE TREATMENT OF SOLUTIONS THEREFROM FOR THE RECOVERY OF USEFUL PRODUCTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Higgin and Alfred James
Higgin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd July 1881.
JAMES HIGGIN and ALFRED JAMES HIGGIN, both of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemists. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES,
AND IN THE TREATMENT OF SOLUTIONS THEREFROM FOR THE RECOVERY OF
USEFUL PRODUCTS."
Our Invention has for its principal object to lessen the cost of the production of
galvanic currents by means of batteries, and to this end we employ elements and
materials which will furnish useful and valuable chemical products. In the
description of battery which we consider to be most suitable to our purpose we
employ tin for one element and carbon for the other, and we use dilute sulphuric
acid for the exciting medium. In one form of a battery cell we use a hollow
cylinder of tin with an inner porous cell containing a carbon rod or cylinder, which
is surrounded with granular pyrolucite or manganese peroxide which we use to
absorb developed hydrogen. During the action of such a battery the action of
the dilute sulphuric acid produces proto-sulphates of tin and of manganese, which
remain in solution in the cell. When it is desirable to renew the exciting liquid
we treat the solution obtained from the battery cell in order to obtain such
preparations of tin as are required in the dyeing and printing of textile fabrics,
and in other industrial processes. We prefer to heat the solution with an added
quantity of oxide of manganese, whereby we convert the proto-sulphate of tin into
a persulphate. It is then only necessary to dilute the resultant with water in
order to precipitate stannic acid, from which other preparations of tin may be
obtained by the employment of suitable or ordinary processes. We may vary the
nature of the battery by substituting a perforated or porous copper cell filled with
pyrolucite for the carbon element, and a solution of caustic soda for the dilute
sulphuric acid, in which case the spent liquid obtained from the cell will contain
stannite or stannate of soda, which may be readily recovered. In another modi-
fication a compound solution of nitrate of soda and of caustic soda is used as the
exciting fluid for a battery having tin and carbon elements. We do not confine
ourselves to the cylindrical forms of the elements. When a strong current is
required, as, for example, when required for the production of the electric light, we
combine together a number of cells, as is usual.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CARRIAGE LAMP ADJUSTMENTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1881. A communication
from abroad by Jules Théodore Morel, of Argenton, in the Republic of France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CARRIAGE LAMP ADJUSTMENTS." A communication from abroad by
Jules Théodore Morel, of Argenton, in the Republic of France.
The improvements relate to the springs used with candles in carriage lamps, and
consist in supplying the spring with a catch rod or bar which projects downward
and outwards beyond the bottom of the spring barrel of the lamp, said catch rod
being made with a stop, so that when pulled out to its fullest extent and drawing
the spring attached to it by compressing said spring the said rod may be held in
place by the stop, the candle may be readily inserted in the barrel, which when
done the rod is turned and the stop disengaged, and so as the candle burns away
the spring and its rod mount in the barrel and show the
consumed at any time.
amount of candle
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oscar Drey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1881.
OSCAR DREY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to the weaving of that class of velvets, whether made
from cotton, silk, wool or other suitable fibrous material or mixture of materials,
in which the pile is formed by the cutting of the face or pile weft picks.
These goods have hitherto been woven by floating the face or pile weft picks
over five or other suitable odd number of warp threads or ends.
My Invention consists principally in the floating of the face or pile picks over
six, ten, or any other even number of warp threads or ends, which is double an odd
number and not too large for practical purposes, and working all the warp threads
in pairs, by which means I am enabled to produce a variety of new cloths not
hitherto woven.
The annexed weaver's draft or diagram illustrates my improved principle of
weaving such goods; the twelve ends are drawn-in in six shafts in pairs, one and
two together, three and four together, and so forth, but I wish it to be understood
that I do not confine myself to that or any other particular pattern or design, so
long as the peculiar features of my Invention are retained, that is, the floating of
the face picks over any even number of warp threads (being double an odd number)
and not too large for practical purposes, and working all the warp threads in
pairs.
A WALKING STICK OR CANE WITH AN OPERA GLASS COMBINED
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Marc Promis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1881.
LEOPOLD MARC PROMIS, of No. 3,325, Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United
States of America, at present residing at the Cathedral Hotel, Saint Paul's
Churchyard, in the City of London. "A WALKING STICK OR CANE WITH AN
OPERA GLASS COMBINED."
This Invention has for its object a walking stick or cane with an opera glass
combined.
The head of the cane is hollow and is formed with a concealed lid, which, when
opened, discloses a cavity. Within the cavity on one side is a slide, and the slide
has jointed to it at its upper end a ring which forms part of the barrel of an opera
glass. Numerous other rings sliding one into the other complete the barrel. These
rings are prevented from escaping the one from the other by studs on the exterior
of one ring entering slots in the next. The studs and slots thus limit the distancos
which the rings can slide and the length to which the barrel of the opera glass can
be extended. Also within the cavity of the head of the cane, on the side opposite
to the slide, a jointed crutch is fitted; it serves as a further support for the barrel
of the opera glass when drawn out.
In preparing the glass for use the concealed lid in the head of the cane, having
been opened, the glass is lifted out of the cavity by means of a folding handle with
which it is provided, the slide moving along in its guides. The barrel then is
drawn out to its full length or nearly so, according to the focus, and allowed to
rest upon the crutch which is thrown up by a spring. The opera glass can then
be applied to the eye steadily and conveniently whilst the cane is grasped in the
band, no further support for the glass being required.,
AN IMPROVED GALLERY FOR GLOBES AND OTHER LAMP GLASSES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wright Cade and Thomas
William Duffy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd July
1881.
JOSEPH WRIGHT CADE and THOMAS WILLIAM DUFFY, both of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED GALLERY FOR GLOBES AND OTHER LAMP
GLASSES."
Our Invention has for its object the construction of a gallery for supporting
globes and other lamp glasses in such a manner that when the glass is expanded by
heat the pressure of the gallery will not burst or crack the globe or glass.
According to our Invention, in lieu of the ordinary holding screw on globe
galleries, we form a spring holder or clip, which we construct by forming a boss on
one arm of the gallery, through which passes a spindle carrying a clip which bears
on the glass. The clip is kept up to the glass by a spiral or other spring in the
boss, which bears on the clip and forces it against the rim of the glass to be secured.
The other end of the spindle is provided with a disc or button for withdrawing the
clip and releasing the lamp glass. The other arms of the gallery are constructed
by bending up in the ordinary way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR FEEDING STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edouard Fromentin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th August 1881.
"
EDOUARD FROMENTIN, of No. 1, Rue Laffitte, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR FEEDING STEAM
BOILERS."
My Invention consists in the use of a feed bottle to which I attach a condenser;
I preferably cast these two vases in one piece. The feed water is drawn into this
condensor by condensing therein a small amount of steam derived from the
apparatus; the water thus drawn in passes into the bottle and from thence into the
boiler according to the requirements. This feeding of the water from the boiler is
rendered automatic by means of the expansion and contraction of a metal rod or
rods which are alternately exposed to the steam, when the level of the water in the
boiler falls and to the water when the water rises to its proper level, producing in
the first case the expansion of the metal rod or rods which opens a valve
admitting the water to the boiler; and in the second, its contraction, which closes
the said valve and thereby intercepts the passage of the feed water to the boiler.
I modify this apparatus in different manners.
Firstly. I convert it into an apparatus working by hand by liberating the fixed
end of the expanding and contracting rod or rods, and by using it simply as an
ordinary rigid bar to open & close the feed valve according to the requirements.
Secondly. I dispense entirely with the expanding and contracting rods, and I
replace the feed valve by a slide valve answering the same purpose and worked by
hand.
Thirdly. I separate the expanding and contracting rods and replace them by a
simple brass tube which I place outside the boiler and which is alternately filled
by the water contained in the boiler when it is at its highest level, and by the
steam when the level falls, thus producing, as in the first case, alternately its
contraction and expansion, which is employed to feed the boiler; and
Fourthly. I separate the feed water valve from my apparatus and erect it at any
convenient distance therefrom in proximity of where the engine driver is usually
employed, simply connecting it with the same by means of a steam pipe, and I
work it by hand; this modification is of use when the engine is situated some
distance from the boiler and when the engine driver requires to be mostly attendant
on the engine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS FOR GASSING YARNS, SILKS, AND OTHER FIBRES."
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert Lungley Dickins and Charles
Ogden at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th April 1881.
ALBERT LUNGLEY DICKINS, of Middleton, near Manchester, Manufacturer, and
CHARLES OGDEN, of Heaton Norris, Mill Manager. IMPROVEMENTS IN BURNERS
FOR GASSING YARNS, SILKS, AND OTHER FIBRES."
$8
The object of the improvements is to enable burners suitable for the gassing of
yarn, silk, or other fibres to be so constructed as to be capable of allowing the
number of burning jets therein to be varied at will, according to the quality or
requirements of the yarn or other fibre being operated upon. To accomplish this
and to effect our improvements we construct a hollow chamber of a tubular form,
having on the upper surface the desired number of holes or jets drilled or formed
therein. To this hollow chamber or tube the gas is conducted by means of a pipe
or pipes which may be provided with suitable openings for the admission of
atmospheric air, which openings may be provided with a slide or cover arrangement
for regulating the supply of air to the burner. We provide the hollow chamber or
tube with one continuous or two separate hollow valves, which have holes drilled
in their surfaces at different parts of their circumference corresponding with
varying numbers of the holes in the chamber or tube, by which means one, two,
three, or more holes will be brought in correspondence with the holes or jets in the
chamber or tube as the valve is turned round to different angles or positions.
this means any number of the jets can be kept alight which may be desired. The
aforesaid valves may be formed and fitted to work either internally or externally
with the hollow chamber or tube before described, and various modifications may
be made in the details of the apparatus without departing from the special character
of the Invention, which mainly consists in forming a burner for gassing purposes
in such manner that by valve arrangements the number of lighted jets may be
varied at the will of the operator.
By
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CARDING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1881. A com-
munication from abroad by Gouchez et Compagnie, of Les Venteaux, Jonchery-
sur-Vesle, France.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO CARDING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Gouchez
et Compagnie, of Les Venteaux, Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France.
The improvements consist in the application of a scraping or sweeping roller
for removing the flocks of fibres from the fancy-roller and transmitting to the
cylinder, for allowing to dispense with the topcards which prevent a proper
supervision of the machine.
The scraper is a wooden or iron roller with a diameter varying according to
the arrangement of the different parts of the carding machine. The said roller is
covered with card-ribbons, and driven by toothgearing, a belt, or a rope.
Its axis may be parallel with the axis of the fancy-roller, and the speed of its
circumference about 1/10 of that of the cylinder. Its teeth are placed in such a
manner that the flocks of fibres taken up by the fancy-roller stick to the scraping
roller and are given off by the latter to the cylinder.
The scraping roller should be near to the fancy-roller, without touching the
same, and sufficiently near to the cylinder to give off the fibres.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING OR ASSISTING IN THE PROPULSION OF SMALL BOATS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Burdess at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1881.
ADAM BURGESS of Coventry in the County of Warwick. "A NEW OR
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING OR ASSISTING IN THE PROPULSION OF
SMALL BOATS."
This Invention has for its object a new or improved mechanical apparatus for
propelling or assisting in the propulsion of small boats and by the employment of
which the use of ours may be entirely dispensed with or they may be used to
supplement the action of my improved apparatus in order to obtain a higher rate
of speed.
My improved apparatus consists of a screw shaft placed in the stern of the boat
Upon this shaft are mounted suitable bevil gears or their equivalents to which
inotion is imparted by two small treadles and cranks which are connected there-
with. The inner end of the screw shaft is fastened to a cross bar or T piece or is
otherwise properly secured so that when the shaft is revolving owing to the
treadles being put into operation it is held firmly in position.
Near its outer extremity the screw shaft passes through a stuffing box filled
with water tight packing wherein it turns and at its outer extremity carries a
small screw propellor which coming into operation when the treadles are worked
causes the forward end of the screw shaft to impinge forcibly against its bearing
and so propels the boat forward.
The mechanism may either be so arranged that the treadles may be worked
backwards instead of forwards so as more readily to overcome the dead centres of
the treadle cranks. Or the screw shaft may be so fitted as to allow of their being
worked forwards in the ordinary manner. The treadle cranks are placed at right
angles to each other. The whole of the mechanism excepting the treadles and
treadle cranks and screw propeller is placed in a suitable casing so as to preserve
from injury and avoid inconvenience.
it
It will be obvious that by my Invention a person may readily simultaneously
steer and propel a boat as by holding the tiller ropes in his bands in the ordinary

page_text: manner he can guide the course of the boat while by working the treadles with his
feet he propels it through the water.
When there are several persons in the boat thereby considerably increasing its
weight the oars may be used as an auxiliary to my improved apparatus both to
obtain a higher speed and to lighten the labor of the person working the treadles.
Or I may employ coils in combination with my improved propelling apparatus for
attaining such increased speed.