Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 5th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 5th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 5th May, 1897
1, COUNT CHARLES FRANCOIS GASTON LOUIS PROSPER DE CHASSELOUP-
LAUBAT of 51 Avenue Kléber, Paris, in the Republic of France, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an engine, in which the stresses and reactions upon
the frame and the driving shaft, and the inertia of the moving parts are
balanced.
My improvements are applicable to engines driven by liquids, or by vapours or
gases under pressure produced either in a separate vessel or in the eylinder or
cylinders themselves, by any appropriate medium; and are absolutely independent
of the methods employed with regard to the distribution, regulation or ignition (in
cases of explosion engines) and the like.
My improved engine comprises:
A cylinder open at its two ends and containing two pistons; one of which is of
annular shape and slides between the cylinder and a sleeve or trunk carried by the
other piston.
The pressure is exerted in the chamber or space between the two pistons, which
are thus driven in opposite directions.
For this purpose an opening serving at the same time as an orifice for the
admission and for the exhaust is provided in that part of the cylinder which corre-
sponds to the chamber between the pistons.
The piston with sleeve carries one connecting rod and the annular piston carries
two connecting rods coupled to cranks arranged at opposite centres to the crank of
the other piston. The connecting rods are enclosed in a cylindrical box which is
fixed to the extremity of the cylinder, and which is provided with an orifice,
placing the interior of the box in constant communication with the atmosphere.
The total weights of each system (piston and conuecting rods) are the same.
It is evident that, under these conditions, the cylinder and frame do not undergo
reaction.
The bearings of the crank shaft are subject to a slight reaction only resulting
from the non-parallelism of the connecting rods.
In order to ensure that all movements of the connecting rods, shall have a motive
effect, in the case where cycles of operations are utilized, I have modified the device
just described, in the following manner.
Given a cycle of n operations, I place in a cylinder (open at its two extremities)
+1 pistons each two connected alternately by means of three rods. I thus
constitute n spaces and I employ a distribution of such kind that at each moment,
each of these n spaces corresponds to a different operation of the cycle.

page_text: In order to give a distinct idea I will assume that the cycle in question
comprises four operations: the cylinder open at its two extremities, in this case
encloses five pistons, each two connected alternately by means of three rods to
cranks on the same shaft; thus one set of pistons are keyed upon the rods
connected to the outer cranks; these rods traverse freely the other alternating
pistons which are keyed upon the central rod, while this rod freely traverses the
first mentioned pistons.
These five pistons thus enclose four spaces or chambers; the cylinder has four
orifices one corresponding to each of the chambers and serving alternately as
admission and exhaust orifice.
As has been herein before stated, the distribution is such that at each instant
each one of these spaces corresponds to a different operation of the cycle of
movements.
The three piston rods are connected to a three-cranked shaft, with its cranks set
at an angle of 180 degrees relatively to one another, by means of three connecting
rods.
In the same manner as previously described, these connecting rods are enclosed
in a box or case fixed to the extremity of the cylinder; an orifice as before placing
the interior of this box in communication with the atmosphere.
This box moreover may form the guides.
The weights of the two systems of pistons, piston-rods and connecting rods are
arranged to be the same.
My motor device, thus modified, moreover possesses apart from the advantages
mentioned with regard to the first described type, the following peculiarity:
Generally in cycle movements comprising more than two operations, certain of
these operations have not only no motive effect but even absorb motive power.
This motive power or work is furnished by a fly wheel or by other cylinders
having another cycle of operations or by the intermission of the driving shaft and
connecting rods of the said other cylinders. Considerable variations of strain
upon the constituent parts result therefrom; they act now in the one, now in the
other direction.
In my motor this work is furnished by the sole intermission of the piston rods ;
and the connecting rods are not strained thereby.
I may of course modify, according to the different applications, the accessory
devices of my motor system, without thereby departing in any way from the
principle of my invention.
Dated this 5th day of May 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
I, COUNT CHARLES FRANCOIS GASTON LOUIS PROSPER DE CHASSELOUP-
LAUBAT, of 51 Avenue Kleber, Paris, in the Republic of France, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to an engine or motor in which on the one hand the
stresses and reactions upon the frame and the driving shaft, and on the other hand
the inertia of the moving parts are balanced.
My improvements are applicable to engines driven by liquids, vapours or gases
under pressure produced either in a separate vessel or in the cylinder or cylinders

page_text: same diagrammatically, by way of example in the accompanying drawing in.
which
Figure 1 is a horizontal section thereof..
Figure 2 a vertical section.
Figure 3 an end-view with the bottom of the box removed.
Figures 4 and 5 represent in horizontal and vertical section respectively a
modification of my system of balanced motor having a cycle of several
operations and
Figure 6 is an end-view thereof, with the bottom of the box, the shafts and the
connecting rods removed.
In these figures the same letters of reference designate the same parts.
My improved engine or motor comprises:
A cylinder B open at its two ends and containing two pistons P1 P2; one of
which P is of annular shape and slides between the cylinder B and the sleeve or
trunk carried by the other piston P¹.
The pressure is exerted in the chamber or space C between the two pistons P¹ P³,
which are thus driven in opposite directions.
For this purpose an opening A which serves both for the admission and for the
exhaust, is provided in that part of the cylinder B which corresponds to the
chamber C.
The piston P¹ with sleeve carries one connecting rod L' and the annular piston P
carries two connecting rods L, L, coupled to cranks arranged at opposite centres to
the crank of the other piston. The connecting rods are enclosed in a cylindrical
box H which is fixed to the extremity of the cylinder B and closed at its free-
extremity by the bottom J.
This box H is provided with an orifice T, placing the interior of the box in
constant communication with the atmosphere.
The total weights of each system (piston and connecting rods) are the same.
It is evident that, under these conditions, the cylinder and frame do not undergo
any reaction.
The bearings of the crank shaft are subject to a slight reaction only resulting
from the non-parallelism of the connecting rods.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 represent the application of the invention to a motor having
a cycle of several operations, irrespective of the number of such operations.
Suppose n to represent the number of operations in each cycle, so that in the
case of a four-cycle motor n will be equal to 4.
In this case the cylinder is provided with n + 1 pistons, so as to form n spaces,.
each of which represents a different operation of the cycle.
Thus in this four-cycle-motor the cylinder encloses 4+1 that is 5 pistons, so as
to form 4 spaces, each of which represents a different operation of the cycle;
therefore at a given moment, one of these spaces will correspond to the period
of suction of the gaseous mixture; the second to the period of compression;
the third to the period of explosion and expansion; and the fourth to the period
of exhaust.
The cylinder B is open at its two extremities, and is provided with five
pistons P1 P2 P3 P4 P5, connected alternately by means of three rods T T T';
thus the pistons P¹ Ps Ps are keyed to the rods T¹ T' which pass freely through
the pistons P3 P4, which are keyed to the rod T, which passes freely through the
pistons P P P³.
These five pistons thus form between them four spaces or chambers C¹, C³, C³, C₁;
the cylinder B has four orifices one for each of the chambers which serves
alternately as an admission and an exhaust orifice.

page_text: The distribution is such that each one of these spaces C1 C2 C3 C' corresponds
at a given moment to a different operation of the cycle.
The three piston rods T T T are connected to a three-throw crank shaft X by
means of connecting rods L L' L, the single central crank being set at an angle
of 180 degrees to the two outside cranks.
In the same manner as previously described these connecting rods are enclosed in
a box H fixed to the extremity of the cylinder B and closed by a cover J, an
orifice O placing the interior of this box in communication with the atmosphere.
This box moreover forms the guides G G¹ G³.
The weights of the two systems of pistons, piston-rods and connecting rods must
be the-same.
My motor device, thus modified, moreover possesses apart from the advantages
mentioned with regard to the first described type, the following peculiarity:
Generally in cycles comprising more than two operations, certain of these
operations have not only no motive effect but even absorb motive power. This
motive power is furnished (by a fly wheel or by other cylinders having another
cycle of operations) by the intermission of the driving shaft and connecting rods
of the cylinder referred to. Considerable variations of strain upon the constituent
parts result therefrom; they act now in the one, now in the other direction.
In my motor this work is effected solely by means of the piston rods; and the
connecting rods are not strained thereby.
I may of course modify, according to the different applications, the accessory
devices of my motor system, without thereby departing in any way from the principle
of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what mauner the saine is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The new system of balanced motor comprising two pistons in the same
cylinder, the rod or sleeve of the one traversing the other, in such a manner that
the two pistons act at the same time upon one shaft; the angle between the two
piston-rod couplings being 180 degrees.
2. The new system of balanced motor comprising n + 1 pistons in the same
cylinder for a cycle of n operations; each two of these pistons being alternately
connected in such a manner as to form two systems comprising n spaces, each of
which has a period different from the cycle referred to; the two systems of pistons
acting upon a shaft, the angle at which the connecting rods are coupled, being
180 degrees.
3. The improvements in steam gas and other engines as hereinbefore described,
in principle, with reference to the drawing and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 5th day of February 1897
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.