Liquids into Bottles.
Year: 1885

page_text: Liquids into Bottles.
We WILLIAM BRATBY of the firm of Bratby and Hinchliffe, Aerated Water
Engineers and Manufacturing Chemists, Sandford Street, Ancoats, Manchester,
Lancashire, and JOHN CHADWICK, of the firm of John Chadwick and Son,
Engineers, Prince's Bridge Iron Works, Salford, Lancashire, do hereby declare the
nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR FORCING SYRUPS
OR AERATED LIQUIDS INTO BOTTLES, to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to what are known as "turn-over" filling machines, or
machines for forcing syrups or aerated liquids into bottles and the objects of our
Invention are first, to cause the pump to be emptied of all syrup or other liquid
at every stroke of the piston and secondly, to improve the construction of some
classes of these machines in such manner that gas or air may be allowed to escape
from the pump as often as necessary.
In performing our Invention we prefer to employ a stationary pump and to
guide the piston rod in guides; a portion of the piston rod is extended and carries
a stud on which is mounted a small antifriction bowl or roller. The shaft of the
machine is hollow as usual and has secured upon it a cam which is wholly or
partially surrounded by an adjustable hollow cam or disc wheel, provided with a
flange, the hollow shaft passing through a slot in the hollow cam which is or may
be secured to the shaft by a nut. When the hollow shaft is turned the flange of
the hollow cam comes in contact with the bowl and moves it and the piston a
certain distance and so draws the desired quantity of syrup into the pump. As
the operator continues to turn the shaft the hollow cam leaves the bowl and the
small cam comes in contact with and so moves the bowl, thus giving the reverse or
return stroke to the piston and expelling the syrup from the pump.
The piston can be caused to lift more or less, or to remain stationary as desired,
by adjusting the position of the hollow cam or disc wheel on the shaft.
In pumps constructed according to our Invention the piston always returns to
the same point at the end of the cylinder whether the full or any other stroke be
given, thus ensuring the pump being emptied at every stroke.

page_text: The second part of our Invention is chiefly applicable to those syrup pumps in
which the piston travels to a different (lower) level in the cylinder according to the
length of the stroke. In these pumps the gas or air is apt to accumulate, which
interferes with the correct measuring of the syrup.
To overcome this defect we propose to construct a small and simple relief valve
formed preferably in the piston rod.
A convenient mode of effecting this is to drill a hole lengthwise in the piston
rod and to cover such hole with a valve the stem of which fits loosely in the rod
and may be connected at its upper end to a small handle or lever by touching or
pressing which the valve is moved from its seating and the gas allowed to escape.
Dated this 14th day of May 1885
H. B. BARLOW,
Agent for Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Forcing Syrups or Aörated
Liquids into Bottles.
We WILLIAM BRATBY, of the firm of Bratby and Hinchliffe, Aerated Water
Engineers and Manufacturing Chemists, Sandford Street, Ancoats, Manchester,
Lancashire, and JOHN CHADWICK, of the firm of John Chadwick and Son,
Engineers, Prince's Bridge Iron Works, Salford, Lancashire, do hereby declare the
nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR FORCING SYRUPS
OR AERATED LIQUIDS INTO BOTTLES, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to what are known as "turn-over" filling machines, or
machines for forcing syrups or aërated liquids into bottles, and the objects of our
Invention are, first, to cause the pump to be emptied of all syrup or other liquid
at every stroke of the piston and secondly, to improve the construction of some
classes of these machines in such manner that gas or air may be allowed to escape
from the pump as often as necessary.
In performing the first part of our Invention we prefer to employ a stationary
pump and to guide the piston rod in guides; a portion of the piston rod is
extended and carries a stud on which is mounted a small antifriction bowl or
roller. The shaft of the machine is hollow as usual and has secured upon it a cam
which is wholly or partially surrounded by an adjustable hollow cam or disc
wheel, provided with a flange, the hollow shaft passing through a slot in the
hollow cam which is or may be secured to the shaft by a nut. When the hollow
shaft is turned the flange of the hollow cam comes in contact with the bowl and
moves it and the piston a certain distance and so draws the desired quantity of
syrup into the pump. As the operator continues to turn the shaft the hollow cam
leaves the bowl and the small cam comes in contact with and so moves the bowl,
thus giving the reverse or return stroke to the piston and expelling the syrup from
the pump.
The piston can be caused to lift more or less, or to remain stationary as desired
by adjusting the position of the hollow cam or disc wheel on the shaft.
In pumps constructed according to our Invention the piston always returns to
the same point at the end of the cylinder whether the full or any other stroke be
given, thus ensuring the pump being emptied at every stroke.
The second part of our Invention is chiefly applicable to those syrup pumps in
which the piston travels to a different (lower) level in the cylinder according to the
length of the stroke. In these pumps the gas or air is apt to accumulate, which
interferes with the correct measuring of the syrup.
To overcome this defect we propose to construct a small and simple relief valve,
formed preferably in the piston rod.
A convenient mode of effecting this is to drill a hole lengthwise in the piston
rod and to cover such hole with a valve the stem of which fits loosely in the rod
and may be connected at its upper end to a small handle or lever by touching or
pressing which the valve is moved from its seating and the gas allowed to escape.

page_text: And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect we will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the entire machine to which the first part of
our Improvements are applied. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the upper part
of the machine showing the syrup pump and piston with our improved mechanism
for operating the same, also the hollow shaft and bottle holder. Fig. 2a are detailed
views of the valve and cam for regulating the admission of the aërated liquid.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the syrup pump and cams for operating the same.
Figs. 4 and 5 are detailed views of an alternative arrangement which we employ
for actuating the piston of the syrup pump and Fig. 6 is a view of the relief valve
which we apply to the pistons of a certain class of syrup pumps according to the
second part of our Invention.
In Figs. 1 to 5-a is the frame of the machine; 6 the ordinary hollow shaft
which is provided with the central passage b¹ and is supported and free to revolve
in suitable bearings a¹ a* on the frame a; is the small solid cam which is fixed
upon the hollow shaft b and d is the hollow cam which is slotted at d¹ and
mounted adjustably upon the boss c¹ of the small cam c, the cam & being secured
to the cam c by means of the nut e which screws upon the boss c'. The hollow
cam d may either be in the form of a flanged disc wheel as shown in Figs. 2 and 3,
or in the form of a flanged segment as shown in Figs. 4 and 5; f is the antifriction
bowl mounted on a stud f¹ secured by a nut f' to one arm of the-forked piston
rod g which is secured to the piston g¹ and is guided in slides a³ secured to the
frame; h is the barrel of the stationary syrup pump which is fixed upon the
frame a and to which is connected one end of a pipe ¹ the other end of which is
in communication with the central passage 61 of the hollow shaft b through a back
pressure valve h²; is the syrup supply pipe connected to the lower end of the
pipe and fitted with a back pressure valve through which syrup is drawn into
the barrel h; jis the aërated water supply pipe, see Fig. 2ª connected as usual to
the central passage 6 in the hollow shaft b by a stuffing box k, and controlled by
.a valve j¹ which is fitted in an arm of the stuffing box k, and is kept normally
closed by a spring; the stem j2 of the valve projects slightly into the stuffing box k
and there is a small cam b' formed or secured on the end of the hollow shaft b
which works in the stuffing box so that as the shaft bis turned the cam b² opens
and keeps open the valve j during a portion of the revolution of the shaft; lis
the ordinary lever or handle by which the arm 63 of the shaft b, the said shaft b
and guard m are revolved; n is the cup which receives the base and o the socket
which receives the mouth of the bottle to be filled; the socket o is in communi-
cation with the passage b¹ through which syrup and aërated water are supplied to
the bottle; the lever p is pivoted at p¹ and connected at one end to the spindle r
of the "snift" valve so that when the free end of the pivoted lever P comes in
contact with one or other of the adjustable stop pieces 8 81, the spindler is operated
to open the "snift" valve and passage 1 and allow compressed air to escape from
the bottle.
•
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The lever is slightly raised when
in the position shown in Fig. 1, and the cup n drawn back to receive the bottom
of the bottle, the mouth of which is then placed in the socket o and pressed tightly
against the india-rubber or other washer in said socket by the action of the spiral
spring n¹ on the cup n. The shaft b, arm b³, and guard m with the bottle are then
all rotated by means of the handle and as the shaft b turns round the small cam c
depresses the antifriction bowl ƒ and piston g¹ and so forces syrup through the
pipe, valve h², passage b', into the bottle until the piston g¹ reaches the bottom
of the pump barrel has shown in Fig. 2. When the instroke of the piston g' is
completed the cain c leaves the bowl f, the back pressure valve h² closes and as the
rotation of the shaft b is continued the cam b' comes against the end of the stem j
and so opens the valve j¹ and admits aërated liquid from the supply pipe, through
the valve and passage b¹ into the bottle which when partly filled is "snifted" by

page_text: the free end of the pivoted lever p coming against the stop s, thus moving the
lever p and opening the passage to permit the escape of the compressed air and
allow the bottle to be completely filled with aërated liquid. During that portion
of the revolution of the shaft b when the cam 6' is keeping open the valve j¹ no
motion is imparted to the piston g¹, but when the cam 6 passes beyond the end of
the stem and the valve j¹ closes, the flange of the hollow cam d comes under the
bowl and so raises the bowl and the piston g¹ thereby drawing a fresh charge of
syrup from the pipe i into the pump barrel h through the valve ¹ and pipe h¹.
If the bottle has not quite filled by one stroke of the machine, the shaft b may be
turned back to cause the cam b² to again open the valve ¹ and admit more aërated
water, and this is effected without imparting any motion to the syrup pump.
filled bottle is then removed and a fresh bottle placed in position and at the
commencement of the next stroke of the machine, the passage 71 is again opened
by the end of the lever p coming against the stop s¹ thus permitting the air and
water accumulated during the previous stroke to escape from the passage 1.
The
By slackening the nut e and adjusting the position of the hollow cam d on the
shaft b by means of the slot d¹ which is graduated for the purpose the cam d can
be set so as to regulate the amount of syrup delivered at each stroke by giving
more or less lift to the piston g¹; or the cam d may be so set as to impart no
motion at all to the syrup pump when not required, as for instance, when bottling
soda water alone.
Fig. 6 illustrates the second part of our Invention as applied to the cylinder or
barrel t of a syrup pump, the piston u of which travels to a different distance from
the bottom of the barrel t according to the length of the stroke. We drill a central
hole or passage lengthwise in the piston rod u¹through which passes the valve
spindle of a valve v¹ which we fit at the bottom of this passage u¹; the valve vl
is kept normally closed by a spiral spring v²; by pressing down the top of the
valve spindle v, the passage u' is opened to permit the escape of accumulated gas
or air in the barrel t.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The construction, combination, and arrangement of parts forming the
improved turn-over filling machine, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and as illustrated by the accompanying Drawings, Figs. 1 to 5.
2. The combination with the hollow revoluble shaft b, the cam c, and the
hollow adjustable cam d, of the bowl f, piston rod g and piston g¹, all substantially
as herein set forth.
3. The combination with the hollow revoluble shaft b, of the cam c, and the
hollow adjustable cam d as described and as illustrated by the Drawings,
Figs. 1 to 5.
4. The use and application for the purpose specified of a hollow adjustable cain,
such as d, in combination with the cam c, or other mechanism for giving the
reverse stroke to the piston of the syrup pump in a turn over filling machine.
5. In syrup pumps of the class specified, the use and application of a relief valve
for the piston, such as that described with reference to the Drawing, Fig. 6.
H. B. BARLOW,
Agent.