Improvements in Tin Lined Pipes Composed of Iron, Copper, Brass, Aluminium, Lead, or other Metal.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec.. 1897-Accepted, 19th Feb., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tin Lined Pipes Composed of Iron, Copper, Brass,
Aluminium, Lead, or other Metal.
I, ALBERT BARRACLOUGH, of High Street, Heckmondwike, in the County of
York, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to metallic piping composed of iron, copper, brass,
aluminium, lead or other metal and my invention therein consists in inserting into
such pipes an inner tin pipe, but between the two pipes I insert liquid cement,
and in order to keep the inner pipe concentric with the other pipe I may wrap
spirally around the inner pipe, twine, asbestos, yarn, or other suitable material.
An alternative method is to have ribs or projections longitudinally on the inner
surface of the outer tube or the outer surface of the inner tube. The inner pipe
may be corrugated so that if water is frozen therein, the said pipe instead of
bursting, will expand and thus prevent damage. The corrugations may be longitu-
dinal or circumferential as thought desirable. I prefer to insert the cement
between two pipes under pressure. I am aware it is usual in some cases to exert
pressure within the inner tube but when this is done there is liability to breakage
and fracture of the said inner tube, but when using lead or other compressible
pipes, after filling the space between the two pipes with cement or other non-
conducting material, I may reduce the diameter of the outer pipe by passing it
through draw plates or grooved rollers.
Improvements in Tin Lined Pipes Composed of Iron, Copper, Brass,
Aluminium, Lead, or other Metal.
I, ALBERT BARRACLOUGH, of High Street, Heckmondwike, in the County of
York, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to piping composed of iron, copper, brass, aluminium,
lead or other suitable metal, and my invention therein consists in applying to
such pipes an inner corrugated tin or non-corrodible tube or lining and an inter-
mediate section or packing of cement or other non conducting composition, substance
Price 8d1

page_text: or material; or I may insert a plain lining or tube in the outer pipe or casing and
provide longitudinal ribs or projections either on the outer surface of
said inner tube or on the inner surface of the outer pipe. The inner
tube is made of smaller diameter than the bore of the outer pipe
to form an annular space between the two for the admission of cement com-
position or other non conducting substance or material to give the non conducting
section between the pipe and its lining. For the purpose of keeping the inner
pipe or tube concentric with the outer pipe I may wrap spirally around the inner
pipe or tube twine, asbestos, yarn, metallic wire or other suitable material, or
parallel strands or sections of same may be secured longitudinally on the surface of
said pipe or tube. In plain inner tubes the ribs or projections formed on the
outer surface of the inner tube or the inner surface of the outer tube serve to keep
the inner pipe or tube concentric, and, if preferred I may employ said ribs or pro-
jections in conjunction with a corrugated inner tube. The corrugations on the
inner pipe or tube may be longitudinal or circumferential and the outer pipe may
also be correspondingly corrugated.
If cement be employed to form the intermediate non conducting section of the
pipe, or other non conducting composition in a liquid condition is used, I prefer
to introduce it between the pipes under pressure, or by suction.
To make a tight joint between the outer and inner section of the pipe, I may
expand the inner tube or pipe by fluid or gaseous pressure, or by a mandrel, but,
when using lead or other compressible pipes, I reduce the diameter of same, after
the introduction of the cement or non-conducting section, by passing the said pipe
with its lining through draw plates or between grooved rollers which compress
the outer pipe tightly on all sides against the intermediate section and makes a
firm joint.
In the accompanying drawings Figs. 1 and 2 represent my improvements, the
former shewing an inner tube or lining A corrugated longitudinally, and
the latter an inner tube or lining corrugated circumferentially. B represents the
outer pipe or casing and C the cement or non conducting section intermediate of
the said pipe B and tube or lining A. The corrugation of the tube or lining A
gives greater strength thereto, and also allows of expansion taking place when water
freezes in the pipe so that liability of the outer pipe or casing B to fracture or
burst in frosty weather is minimised.
In Figs. 3 and 4 the inner tube or lining A is made plain and either circular
or oval in cross section. In employing said plain inner tubes or linings I form
projections or ribs D either on the inner surface of the outer pipe B, as shewn
at Fig. 3, or on the outer surface of the inner tube A, as shewn at Fig. 4. These
projections or ribs keep the inner tube or lining concentric with the outer pipe or
casing from end to end so that there is no contact between the lead pipe and its
lining which can possibly affect or be affected by the liquids conveyed through
said pipe.
The ribs or projections D may be applied in conjunction with the corrugated
lining shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, or some of the corrugations may be enlarged to
serve the same purpose. Should no such provision be made in respect of the
corrugated inner tube, I may wrap spirally around or secure longitudinally on
said inner tube A, twine, asbestos yarn or metallic wire to keep the inner tube
concentric with the outer tube while introducing the cement or liquid composition
but if the non conducting material employed is not in a liquid condition it may be
applied or built up around the inner tube A previous to inserting the latter in the
outer pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
Firstly The combination of an inner cormicnted tuko on linium minh

page_text: cement or other non conducting composition substance or material substantially as
herein described and illustrated in the drawings.
Secondly. The combination, with an outer metallic pipe B, an inner tube or
lining A and a non conducting intermediate section C of ribs or projections such
as D either on the inner surface of the outer pipe or on the outer surface of the
inner pipe, substantially as herein shewn and described.
Dated this noth
100%
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Patent Agents.

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 26th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 29th May,
1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Composition and Apparatus for Enriching Gas.
I, ARTHUR APPLETON STEPHENSON, of Stanley Street, Sydney, in the
Colony of New South Wales (but temporarily residing at Adelaide in the Province
of South Australia), Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The objects of this invention are to provide first an improved composition for
enriching gas in its passage to a tenement or building, and secondly an apparatus
or appliance in which the same may be used.
For the purpose of an enriching composition I take the following liquids in
about the quantities mentioned―
One quarter pint of oil of cloves
Two pints of best ether
Two pints of petroleum
Two pints of gasoline
Two pints of kerosine,
5 and also the following (dry) substances in the following quantities-
One quarter pound of powdered camphor
One quarter pound of powdered resin
One quarter pound of powdered whiting
One quarter pound of powdered glue,
and mix the whole well together for use as hereinafter described.
As an apparatus or appliance in which this composition may be used, I make
use of a box constructed of any metal or metals, and of any suitable shape (the
top of which may be jointed to the bottom in any well known way) in which
are holes for entrance and passage of the gas, and in the interior of which
are a suitable number of pieces or lengths of canvas wick or similar absorbent
material.
The enriching composition is passed or poured when in a liquid state, through
the top into the box, is absorbed by the absorbent material, and at a subsequent
period becomes crystallized.
The gas to be enriched, is passed into the box, and before it is liberated is
compelled to circulate around the absorbent material, becoming enriched by
contact therewith.
Dated this 24th day of February 1897.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Composition and Apparatus for Enriching Gas.
I, ARTHUR APPLETON STEPHENSON, of Stanley Street, Sydney, in the
Colony of New South Wales, (but temporarily residing at Adelaide in the
Province of South Australia), Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The objects of this invention are to provide first an improved composition for
enriching gas in its passage to a tenement or building, and secondly an apparatus
or appliance in which the same may be used.
For the purpose of an enriching composition I take the following liquids in
about the quantities mentioned-
One quarter pint of oil of cloves,
Two pints of best ether,
Two pints of petroleum
Two pints of gasoline,
Two pints of kerosine
and also the following (dry) substances in the following quantities—
One quarter pound of powdered camphor,
One quarter pound of powdered resin,
One quarter pound of powdered whiting
One quarter pound of powdered glue,
and mix the whole well together for use as hereinafter described.
As an apparatus or appliance in which this composition may be used, I make
use of a box constructed of any metal or metals, and of any suitable shape (the
top of which may be jointed to the bottom in any well known way) in which
are holes for entrance and passage of the gas, and in the interior of which
are a suitable number of pieces or lengths of canvas, wick or similar absorbent
material.
The enriching composition is passed or poured when in a liquid state, through
the top into the box, is absorbed by the absorbent material, and at a subsequent
period becomes crystallized.
The gas to be enriched, is passed into the box, and before it is liberated is
compelled to circulate around the absorbent material, becoming enriched by
contact therewith.
In order that my invention may be entirely clear reference may now be had to
the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1. represents a side sectional elevation of the box.
Fig. 2. a cross section showing the canvas, wicks, or other absorbent material
in position.
Referring to these drawings-In one end of the box A is a gas inlet B of any
desired size and shape corresponding to the pipe with which it is to be used.
This inlet union is so shaped inside (as at B¹) as to deflect the gas down into
contact with the enriching composition at the bottom of the box A, in and about
the wicks C.
At the other end of the box A, is an outlet union D having a regulating gas
cock (as D¹) for regulating the pressure of gas to be consumed.
A charge hole E, with an air-tight brass cap is fixed at the top of the box A,
through which the chemical or enriching composition is passed into the box.

page_text: Extending laterally across the entire box, and secured to the same, by rivets,
solder or other convenient means, are a number of wires or rows of wires C¹. The
lowermost row of these wires is stationed say half an inch or thereabouts from
the bottom of the box, whilst the uppermost row is a greater distance from the
top. Between these two rows of wires there may be an intermediate row (not shown
in the drawings). The canvas wicks or other absorbent material are fixed at the
top and bottom to these wires C¹, by sewing or other approved method.
The wicks may be of any desired width but by preference say half an inch, and
placed about a quarter of an inch apart. We find by experiment that after they
have been used for some little time they become thoroughly coated or caked with
the enriching composition, and present a crystallised surface from which highly
successful results are attained.
Between these wicks, spaces are left through which the gas passes on its way to
the outlet union D. The width of these spaces or of the wicks may vary
according to the nature of the gas to be enriched, or the composition for enriching
it. Any number of rows of wicks may be used, and the spaces between each row,
if desired, be staggered thereby affording the gas a more tortuous course.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
1. The herein described composition for enriching gas consisting essentially of
a mixture of oil of cloves, ether, petroleum, gasoline, kerosine together with
camphor resin, whiting and glue prepared as described and preferably in the
proportions mentioned.
2. The herein described apparatus for enriching gas consisting of a box
(such as A) having inlet and outlet unions (such as B and D) a charging hole
(such as E) and in its interior wires or rows of wires (such as C¹) for canvas,
wicks or other similar absorbent material (such as C) as a combination of parts,
substantially as herein described and explained and as illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings, for the several purposes indicated.
3. In an apparatus for enriching gas the combination and arrangement within
a box (such as A) having inlet and outlet unions, of wires or rows of wires
(such as C) for supporting absorbent material substantially as herein described
and explained and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and for the
purpose indicated.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of March 1897.
A. A. STEPHENSON.
J. C. Mewburn & Ellis,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.