Year: 1897

page_text: I, GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, of Westinghouse Building, Pittsburg, in the County
of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to hydraulic pumping and motor apparatus, and in
particular to an improved construction of rotary pump as hereinafter described.
An important feature of my invention consists in the means I provided for
altering the direction of the flow of liquid through a pump, the spindle of which
is continuously rotated in the same direction. For this purpose I employ a trans-
versely movable cylinder which is actuated by the fluid pressure to take up any
desired position with regard to the pump spindle. Another feature of my inven-
tion is the construction of a double acting safety valve located in a by-pass to the
pump cylinder, which valve is opened when the pressure on either side of the
pump becomes too great.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which, I have
shown my improved pump in detail. In the first two figures I illustrate the
application of the same to operate a lift.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly sectional of the elevator and pump.
Figure 2 is a plan of the main portion of the mechanism.
Figure 3 is a diagram of the electric circuit employed for controlling the hydrau-
lic apparatus.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the pump and the main co-operating parts which
are directly connected therewith.
Figure 5 is a transverse section through the pump and the adjacent parts of the
apparatus.
Figure is a longitudinal section taken on line VI-VI of Figure 5, except that
the piston slides are shewn in different positions in the two figures.
Figure 7 is a detail sectional view of one of the pump valves, its cylinders and
actuating magnet.
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively perspective views of the inner cylinder and
valve shewn in Figure 7.

page_text: Figure 10 is a detail view, partially in elevation and partially in section, of
the valve, its cylinders and a portion of the outer pipe of Figure 7.
My improved pumping apparatus is illustrated in detail in Figures 4 to 10 of
the drawings, and referring now to Figures 4, 5 and 6, 1 is the pump having a
base 1", and a main portion 2 provided with a cylindrical portion 3 which has
ports 4 and 5 at either side. The ends of the cylindrical portion 3 are closed by
heads 6 and 7, and below is a space which is separated by a partition 8 into two
chambers 9 and 10, each of which is in free communication with the cylindrical
portion of the pump.
The partition 8 is provided with a passage 11 which is normally closed by
two valves 12 and 13, both of which are located at the end of the passage opening
into the chamber 10. The part 12 is mounted loosely and the part 13 rigidly upon
a rod 14 which is movable longitudinally in a stuffing box 15. The end of said
rod carries a nut 16 between which and the valve 12 is located a coil spring 17.
The outer end of the rod 14 is pivoted to a bell crank 18 pivotally supported by
2. bracket 19 and provided with a longitudinally adjustable weight 20. In place
of the lever 8 and its adjuncts other means may be provided for pressing the
rod 14 inwards and the valve 133 against its seat. It will be further understood
that the chambers 9 and 10 with the communicating passage 11, and all appurte-
nances may be located outside the pump casing if desired. 21 is a shaft located
concentrically in the cylindrical portion 3, being provided with enlarged bearing
portions mounted in roller bearings in the heads 6 and 7 as shewn in Figure 6.
Mounted upon said shaft is a drum 22 provided with a cavity at each end in which
is located a ring 23. Said drum has also a plurality of radial slots in which
piston slides 24 com move in and out, the inner edges of these slides are in contact
or nearly in contact with the ring 23. A cylinder 25 provided at each side with
aport 26 encloses the drum and its piston "slides, said cylinder is also furnished
with longitudinal guide pieces 27 and 28 which are received in chambers 29
and 30 respectively. The cylinder is thereby enabled to move up and down in a
direction perpendicular to the shaft 21. On the side corresponding to the port 4
a small opening or passage 31 leads from the cylindrical portion of the casing
into each of the chambers 29 and 30. Said passage may be of any suitable form,
and it is not necessarily similar to that illustrated in the drawings.
Pivoted upon a bracket 36 is a lever 32 having at each end blocks 35 and 12
capable of a limited sliding movement longitudinally in said lever and the
cylinder 25 is connected to the block 35 by means of a rod 33 passing through
a stuffing box 34. To the block 42 is pivoted a rod 43 connected with a cut off
valve 44, located in a pipe 45 adjacent to the port 5.
The end of the lever 32 adjacent to the block 42 is provided with a curved
piece 46 having a notch 47 in the middle thereof, and in front of said curved piece
is located an electromagnet 48 having a pivoted armature 49 with a lug 50
thereon adapted to fit into the notch 47. Said lug 50 is normally held in contact
with the part 46 by a pin 51 controlled by a spring 52. 53 is a plug for varying
the pressure of the spring 52.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 6 to 10, the head 7 is provided
with two valve cylinders or chambers 54 and 55, the former communicating with
guide chamber 29 and the latter with guide chamber 30. In each of these
cylinders or chambers is an auxiliary cylinder 56 which is provided with a plurality
of side openings 56" and an inner open end 57 constituting a valve seat. The
onter end 58 of the cylinder 56 constitutes the head of the chamber 54 or the
chamber 55 as the case may be. Each cylinder 56 is provided with a valve 59
which has an inner head 60 and an outer head 61 connected by a tube 68 and
suite ble guide wings 63. The inner end of tube 62 is open and its outer end
communicates with the space beyond the head 61 by inclined passages 63. By
reason of this construction, the same fluid pressure is exerted in opposite directions
against the two ends of the valve. The head 61 of the valve in cylinder 54 is
connected to an armature 64 by means of a rod 65 which extends through the

page_text: core of an electromagnet 66. The armature 64 is normally held away from the
magnet by means of a coiled spring 67. The valve in cylinder 55 is similarly
connected to an armature 64 of a magnet 66ª.
The cylinders or chambers 54 and 55 are connected by a pipe 68 and this pipe
is connected to pipe 45 by a branch pipe 69.
I will now describe the application of my improved pump to an elevator as
shewn in Figures 1 and 2 in which 70 is a cylinder closed at both ends and
supported upon suitable standards, 71.
A piston 72 is located in the cylinder 70 and is provided with a stem 73 which
projects through a suitable stuffing box in one of the cylinder heads.
A plurality of grooved wheels or sheaves 74 are mounted in a frame 75 which
A similar series of sheaves 76
is supported upon the outer end of the stem 73.
are mounted in stationary brackets 77 at the opposite end of cylinder 70.
A pair
of cables 78 are attached at one end to a stationary part and extend back and forth
over the several sheaves 74 and 76 and thence over suitable guiding and support-
ing sheaves to the elevator car 79, as is usual in such apparatus.
The frame 75 and its sheaves 74 are supported and guided by tracks 80, the
frame 75 being provided with supporting and guiding wheels or rollers 81 which
engage with these tracks.
The port 5 of the pump is connected to the end of the cylinder 70 corresponding
to the rear side of the piston 72 by means of the pipe 45 or by means of a separate
pape 82 which is coupled to the pipe 45 so as to form a continuation of it, as
indicated in the drawings.
The port 4 of the pump is connected with the opposite end of the cylinder by
means of a pipe 83.
A longitudinally movable rod 84 is mounted in suitable supports parallel to
the tracks 80 and is provided at or near its outer end with a nut or other projec-
tion 85, which is in position to be engaged by a projection 86 on the frame 75
when the piston 72 attains the limit of its stroke in one direction.
The inner end of the rod 84 is connected to a pivoted lever 87 and this lever is
connected by links 88 and 89 and a bell crank lever 90 to the lever 18 for
operating the valve 13. Lever 87 is also connected to the long arm of lever 32
by means of a rocking lever 91 and links 92 and 93, the lever 91 being pivoted
to a stationary support 94 and link 93 having a slot and pin connection with
lever 32.
The drum shaft of the pump which forces liquid into cylinder 70 may be driven
by any suitable motor, but in the present instance I have shewn it as directly
coupled to an electric motor 95 on the same base 96.
The operation of the apparatus when the pump shaft is continuously rotated
in the direction shewn by the arrow in Figure 5 is as follows:-The several parts
being in the positions indicated in Figures 1 and 5 the piston slides 24 will draw
liquid from cylinder 70 through the pipes 82 and 45 and the port 5 and force it
through the port 4 and pipe 83 into cylinder 70 in front of piston 72, the body of
liquid being sufficiently large to fill the entire space in the pump casing, the
cylinder 70 and the connecting passages not occupied by the mechanical parts of
the apparatus. As the liquid is pumped from the rear of piston 12 and forced
in front of it, the piston will be moved rearwardly and thus raise the elevator car
by means of the cable 78. If the load upon the car exceeds the amount for which
the weight 20 is set the back pressure in the chamber 9 will unseat the valve 13,
and the liquid will be pumped through the by-pass 11 instead of into the
cylinder 70. It is thus possible, as will be readily understood to set the weight 20
for any desired maximum load.
When the piston 72 reaches the rear end of cylinder 70 the back pressure will
be sufficient to unseat valve 13 even if no adjustment of the pump cylinder is made.
In order that the operation of this safety valve may not be entirely dependent
upon the back pressure of liquid, however, I provide the rod 84, projections 85
and 86, levers 87 and 90, and links 88 and 89 which serve to automatically unseat

page_text: valve 13 when the elevator car has reached the limit of its upward movement.
The movement of the rod 84 will also through link 92 lever 91 and link 93 act
upon lever 32 thereby raising cylinder 25 and stopping the action of the pump
as hereinafter described.
When it is desired to stop the movement of the elevator, the cylinder 25 is
raised until it is concentric with the shaft 21 and the drum 22, as is indicated in
Figure 4. The movement of the cylinder 25 will effect a corresponding move,
ment of the valve 44 so as to cut off communication between the pump and the
pipe 45 by reason of the simultaneous movement of stems 33 and 43 as the
lever 32 is rocked on its pivot.
If it is desired to reverse the movement of the elevator car, the lever 32 is
rocked an additional distance in the same direction until the cylinder is in its
extreme upper position and the valve 44 in its extreme lower position when the
liquid will be drawn into the pump through the port 4 and forced out through the
port 5.
My combined electrical and hydraulic means for controlling and actuating
the cylinder 25 and valve 44 operate as follows:-(see Figures and 3).
One end of the coil of each magnet 48, 66 and 66 is connected to one pole.of
a suitable source of current, and the other ends of these coils are respectively
connected to corresponding stationary terminals of switches a b c located on the
elevator car.
When
When the parts are in the position shewn in Figures 1, 5, 6, and 7 if the circuit
of magnet 66 be closed through switch it will move its armature 64 inwards
and thus unseat the valve 59. The water will then flow out through pipes 68
and 69 into pipe 45, thus removing the pressure from behind the guide piece 27.
The back pressure exerted through the port 4 will force water through the
passage 31 and behind the guide piece 28 and thus reise the cylinder 25.
the middle or concentric position is reached, the projection 50 on the armature 49
will enter the recess 47 in the head 46 and lock the parts in that position, provided
the circuit of magnet 48 is open. In order to release the parts so as to continue
the movement, it is merely necessary to close the circuit of the maguet 48 and
.thus effect the withdrawal of the projection 50 from notch 47. The reverse
movement of the cylinder 25 and valve 44 will obviously be effected by closing
the circuit of the magnet 60 and 48, the button controlling the circuit of
magnet 48 being so arranged that it may be worked in conjunction with either
of the magnets 66 and .66.
Although I have described a particular arrangement of elevator mechanism
to which my improved pump is applicable I wish it understood that it may be
used in connection with a hydraulic motor of any type and may itself be worked
as a motor, being supplied with liquid under pressure. My invention also is not
limited to the precise details of construction shewn and described.
Dated this 24th day of March 1800
Improvements in Rotary Pumps or Motors.
I, GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, of Westinghouse Building, Pittsburg, in the County
of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My invention relates to hydraulic pumping and motor apparatus, and in
particular to an improved construction of rotary pump as hereinafter described.
An important feature of my invention consists in the means I provide for
altering the direction of the flow of liquid through a pump, the spindle of which
is continuously rotated in the same direction. For this purpose I employ a trans-
versely movable cylinder which is actuated by the fluid pressure to take up any
desired position with regard to the pump spindle. Another feature of my inven-
tion is the construction of a double acting safety valve located in a by-pass to the
pump cylinder, which valve is opened when the pressure on either side of the
pump becomes too great.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the drawings left with my Provisional Specifi-
cation in which I have shewn my improved pump in detail. In the first two
figures I illustrate the application of the same to operate a lift.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly sectional of the elevator and pump.
Figure 2 is a plan of the main portion of the mechanism.
Figure 3 is a diagram of the electric circuit employed for controlling the hydrau-
lic apparatus.
"
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the pump and the main co-operating parts which
are directly connected therewith.
Figure 5 is a transverse section through the pump and the adjacent parts of the
apparatus.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section taken on line VI-VI of Figure 5, except that
the piston slides are shewn in different positions in the two figures.
Figure 7 is a detail sectional view of one of the pump valves, its cylinders and
actuating magnet.
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively perspective views of the inner cylinder and
valve shewn in Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a detail view, partially in elevation and partially in section of
the valve, its cylinders and a portion of the outer pipe of Figure 7.
My improved pumping apparatus is illustrated in detail in Figures 4 to 10 of
the drawings, and referring now to Figures 4, 5 and 6, 1 is the pump having a
base 1, and a main portion 2 provided with a cylindrical portion 3 which has
ports 4 and 5 at either side. The ends of the cylindrical portion 3 are closed by
heads 6 and 7, and below is a space which is separated by a partition 8 into two
chambers 9 and 10, each of which is in free communication with the cylindrical
portion of the pump.
The partition 8 is provided with a passage 11 which is normally closed by
two valves 12 and 13, both of which are located at the end of the passage opening
into the chamber 10. The part 12 is mounted loosely and the part 13 rigidly upon
a rod 14 which is movable longitudinally in a stuffing box 15. The end of said
rod carries a nut 16 between which and the valve 12 is located a coil spring 17.
The outer end of the rod 14 is pivoted to a bell crank 18 pivotally supported by
a bracket 19 and provided with a longitudinally adjustable weight 20.
In place
of the lever 8 and its adjuncts other means may be provided for pressing the
rod 14 inwards and the valve 13 against its seat. It will be further understood
that the chamber 9 and 10 with the communicating passage 11, and all appurte-
nances may be located outside the pump casing if desired. 21 is a shaft located
concentrically in the cylindrical portion 3, being provided with enlarged bearing
portions mounted in roller bearings in the heads 6 and 7 as shewn in Figure 6.
Mounted upon said shaft is a drum 22 provided with a cavity at each end in which
is located a ring 23. Said drum has also a plurality of radial slots in which
piston slides 24 can move in and out, the inner edges of these slides are in contact
or nearly in contact with the ring 23. A cylinder 25 provided at each side with

page_text: a pori 26 encloses the drum and its piston slides, said cylinder is also furnished
with longitudinal guide pieces 27 and 28 which are received in chambers 29
and 30 respectively. The cylinder is there enabled to move up and down in a
direction perpendicular to the shaft 21. On the side corresponding to the port 4
a small opening or passage 31 leads from the cylindrical portion of the casing
into each of the chambers 29 and 30. Said passage may be of any suitable form,
and it is not necessarily similar to that illustrated in the drawings.
Pivoted upon a bracket 36 is a lever 32 having at each end blocks 35 and 42
capable of a limited sliding movement longitudinally in said lever and the
cylinder 25 is connected to the block 35 by means of a rod 33 passing through
a stuffing box 34. To the block 42 is pivoted a rod 43 connected with a cut off
valve 44, located in a pipe 45 adjacent to the port 5.
The end of the lever 32 adjacent to the block 42 is provided with a curved
piece 46 having a notch 47 in the middle thereof, and in front of said curved piece
is located an electromagnet 48 having a pivoted armature 49 with a lug 50
thereon adapted to fit into the notch 47. Said lug 50 is normally held in contact
with the part 46 by a pin 51 controlled by a spring 52. 53 is a plug for varying
the pressure of the spring 52.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 6 to 10, the head 7 is provided
with two valve cylinders or chambers 54 and 55, the former communicating with
guide chamber 29 and the latter with guide chamber 30. In each of these
cylinders or chambers is an auxiliary cylinder 56 which is provided with a plurality
of side openings 56" and an inner open end 57 constituting a valve seat. The
outer end 58 of the cylinder 56 constitutes the head of the chamber 54 or the
chamber 55 as the case may be. Each cylinder 56 is provided with a valve 59
which has an inner head 60 and an outer head 61 connected by a tube 62 and
suitable guide wings 63. The inner end of tube 62 is open and its outer end
communicates with the space beyond the head 61 by inclined passages 63. By
reason of this construction, the same fluid pressure is exerted in opposite directions
against the two ends of the valve. The head 61 of the valve in cylinder 54 is
connected to an armature 64 by means of a rod 65 which extends through the
core of an electromagnet 66. The armature 64 is normally held away from the
magnet by means of a coiled spring 67. The valve in cylinder 55 is similarly
connected to an armature 64" of a magnet 66".
The cylinders or chambers 54 and 55 are connected by a pipe 68 and this pipe
is connected to pipe 45 by a branch pipe 69.
I will now describe the application of my improved pump to an elevator as
shewn in Figures 1 and 2 in which 70 is a cylinder closed at both ends and
supported upon suitable standards 71.
A piston 72 is located in the cylinder 70 and is provided with a stem 73 which
projects through a suitable stuffing box in one of the cylinder heads.
A plurality of grooved wheels or sheaves 74 are mounted in a frame 75 which
is supported upon the outer end of the stem 73. A similar series of sheaves 76
are mounted in stationary brackets 77 at the opposite end of cylinder 70. A pair
of cables 78 are attached at one end to a stationary part and extend back and forth
over the several sheaves 74 and 76 and thence over suitable guiding and support-
ing sheaves to the elevator car 79, as is usual in such apparatus.
The frame 75 and its sheaves 74 are supported and guided by tracks 80, the
frame 75 being provided with supporting and guiding wheels or rollers 81 which
engage with these tracks.
The port 5 of the pump is connected to the end of the cylinder 70 corresponding
to the rear side of the piston 72 by means of the pipe 45 or by means of a separate
pipe 82 which is coupled to the pipe 45 so as to form a continuation of it, as
indicated in the drawings.
The port 4 of the pump is connected with the opposite end of the cylinder by
means of a pipe 83.
A longitudinally movable rod 84 is mounted in suitable supports parallel to

page_text: the tracks 80 and is provided at or near its outer end with a nut or other projec-
tion 85, which is in position to be engaged by a projection 86 on the frame 75
when the piston 72 attains the limit of its stroke in one direction.
The inner end of the rod 84 is connected to a pivoted lever 87 and this lever is
connected by links 88 and 89 and a bell crank lever 90 to the lever 18 for
operating the valve 13. Lever 87 is also connected to the long arm or lever 32.
by means of a rocking lever 91 and links 92 and 93, the lever 91 being pivoted
to a stationary support 94 and link 93 having a slot and pin connection with
lever 32.
The drum shaft of the pump which forces liquid into cylinder 70 may be driven
by any suitable motor, but in the present instance I have shewn it as directly
coupled to an electric motor 95 on the same base 96.
The operation of the apparatus when the pump shaft is continuously rotated
in the direction shewn by the arrow in Figure 5 is as follows:-The several parts
being in the positions indicated in Figures 1 and 5 the piston slide 24 will draw
liquid from cylinder 70 through the pipes 82 and 45 and the port 5 and force it
through the port 4 and pipe 83 into cylinder 70 in front of piston 72, the body of
liquid being sufficiently large to fill the entire space in the pump casing the
cylinder 70 and the connecting passage not occupied by the mechanical parts of
the apparatus. As the liquid is pumped from the rear of piston 72 and forced
in front of it, the piston will be moved rearwardly and thus raise the elevator car
by means of the cable 78. If the load upon the car exceeds the amount for which
the weight 20 is set the back pressure in the chamber 9 will unseat the valve 13,
and the liquid will be pumped through the by-pass 11 instead of into the
cylinder 70. It is thus possible, as will be readily understood to set the weight 20
for any desired maximum load.
When the piston 72 reaches the rear end of cylinder 70 the back pressure will
be sufficient to unseat valve 13 even if no adjustment of the pump cylinder
made.
In order that the operation of this safety valve may not be entirely dependent
upon the back pressure of liquid, however, I provide the rod 84, projections 85
and 86, lever 87 and 90, and links 88 and 89 which serve to automatically unseat
valve 18 when the elevator car has reached the limit of its upward movement.
The movement of the rod 84 will also through link 92 lever 91 and link 93 act
upon lever 32 thereby raising cylinder 25 and stopping the action of the pump
as hereinafter described.
When it is desired to stop the movement of the elevator, the cylinder 25 is
raised until it is concentric with the shaft 21 and the drum 22, as is indicated in
Figure 4. The movement of the cylinder 25 will effect a corresponding move-
ment of the valve 44 so as to cut off communication between the pump and the
pipe 45 by reason of the simultaneous movement of stems 33 and 43 as the
lever 32 is rocked on its pivot.
If it is desired to reverse the movement of the elevator car, the lever 32 is
rocked an additional distance in the same direction until the cylinder is in its
extreme upper position and the valve 44 in its extreme lower position when the
liquid will be drawn into the pump through the port 4 and forced out through the
port 5.
The valve 12 acts in a similar manner to the valve 13 herein before
described and opens the by-pass 11 when the pressure in the chamber 10 is
sufficient to overcome the resistance of the spring 17.
My combined electrical and hydraulic means for controlling and actuating
the cylinder 25 and valve 44 operate as follows:-(see Figures 1 and 3).
One end of the coil of each magnet 48, 66 and 66ª is connected to one pole of
a suitable source of current, and the other ends of these coils are respectively
connected to corresponding stationary terminals of switches a be located on the
elevator car.
When the parts are in position shewn in Figures 1, 5, 6, and 7 if the circuit
of magnet 66 be closed through switch bit will move its armature 64 inwards
and thus unseat the valve 59. The water will then flow out through pipes GS

page_text: and 69 into pipe 45, thus removing the pressure from behind the guide piece 27.
The back pressure exerted through the port 4 will force water through the
passage 31 and behind the guide piece 28 and thus raise the cylinder 25. When
the middle or concentric position is reached, the projection 50 on the armature 49
will enter the recess 47 in the head 46 and lock the parts in that position, provided
the circuit of magnet 48 is open. In order to release the parts so as to continue
the movement, it is merely necessary to close the circuit of the magnet 48 and
thus effect the withdrawal of the projection 50 from notch 47. The reverse
movement of the cylinder 25 and valve 44 will obviously be effected by closing
the circuit of the magnet 66 and 48, the button controlling the circuit of
magnet 48 being so arranged that it may be worked in conjunction with either
of the magnets 66 and 66".
Although I have described a particular arrangement of elevator mechanism
to which my improved pump is applicable I wish it understood that said pump
may be used in connection with. fluid pressure motors of any type and may itself
be worked as a motor, being supplied with liquid under pressure. My invention
also is not limited to the precise details of construction shewn and described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
1. A rotary pump or motor in which the fluid is acted or acts upon blades
located in slots in a drum concentric with the shaft and having a cylinder which
surrounds said drum and blades and which can be moved by fluid pressure in a
direction perpendicular to the shaft, for the purpose of varying the direction of
flow of fluid through the pump or of rotation of the shaft and with or without
a valve which automatically closes to stop the movement of the fluid when the
cylinder is in its mean position concentric with the shaft.
2. In a rotary pump a by-pass provided with a double acting valve which opens
so as to render the pump inoperative when the pressure of the fluid at either end
of the by-pass exceeds a predetermined limit.
3. The electro magnetically operated valve constructed as described with refer-
ence to Figures 7 to 10 of the accompanying drawings.
4. A rotary pump or motor constructed as described with reference to Figures 4
to 10 of the accompanying drawings, either with or without the stop valve 44
and its appurtenances, and with or without the by-pass 11 and valve 12, 13, and
operating as described.
Dated the 10th day of August 1898.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Lifts and the like.
I, GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, of Westinghouse Building, Pittsburg, in the
County of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to hydraulically operated lifts or elevators. An impor-
tant feature of my invention consists in the means I provide for automatically.
stopping the action of the hydraulic mechanism when necessary. Another
feature of my invention consists in improved combined electrical and hydraulic
means for controlling the operation of the lift or elevator. My invention
furthermore comprises improvements in the general construction of lifts and
elevators as hereinafter indicated.
In order that my invention will be clearly. understood, I will, proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly sectional of a hydraulic elevator constructed.
in accordance with my invention and
Figure 2 is a plan of the main portion of the operating mechanism.
Figure 3 is a diagram of the electric circuit. employed for controlling the
hydraulic apparatus.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the pump and the main co-operating parts
which are directly connected therewith.
'
Figure 5 is a transverse section through the pump and the adjacent parts of
the apparatus.
-
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section taken on line VI-VI of Figure 5, except
that the piston slides are shown in different positions in the two figures.
Figure 7 is a detail sectional view of one of the pump valves, its cylinders
and actuating magnet.
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively perspective views of the inner cylinder and
valve shown in Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a detail view, partially in elevation and partially in section, of
the valve, its cylinders and a portion of the outer pipe of Figure 7.
I will first describe the construction of the pumping apparatus which is illus-
trated in detail in Figures 4 to 10 of the drawings.

page_text: Referring more particularly to Figures 4, 5, and 6, 1 is the pump having a
base 1ª, and a main portion 2 provided with a cylindrical portion 3 which has
ports 4 and 5 at either side. The ends of the cylindrical portion 3 are closed by
heads 6 and 7 and below is a space which is separated by a partition 8 into two
chambers 9 and 10, each of which is in free.communication with the cylindrical
portion of the pump. The partition 8 is provided with a passage 11 which is
normally closed by two valves 12 and 13, both of which are located at the
end of the passage opening into the chamber 10. The part 12 is mounted loosely
and the part 13 rigidly upon a rod 14 which is movable longitudinally in a
stuffing box 15. The end of said rod carries a nut 16 between which and the
valve 12 is located a coil spring 17. The outer end of the rod 14 is pivoted
to a bell crank 18 pivotally supported by a bracket 19 and provided with a longi-
tudinally adjustable weight 20. In place of the lever 8 and its adjuncts other
means may be provided for pressing the rod 14 inwards and the valve 13 against
its seat. It will be further understood that the chambers 9 and 10 with the
communicating passage 11, and all appurtenances may be located outside the
pump casing if desired. 21 is a shaft located concentrically in the cylindrical
portion 3, being provided with enlarged bearing portions mounted in roller
bearings in the heads 6 and 7 as shewn in Figure 6. Mounted upon said shaft
is a drum 22 provided with a cavity at each end in which is located a ring 23.
Said drum has also a plurality of radial slots in which piston slides 24 can
move in and out, the inner edges of these slides are in contact or nearly in con-
tact with the ring 23. A cylinder 25 provided at each side with a port 26
encloses the drum and its piston slides, said cylinder is also furnished with
longitudinal guide pieces 27 and 28 which are received in chambers 29 and 30
respectively. The cylinder is thereby enabled to move up and down in a direc-
tion perpendicular to the shaft 21. On the side corresponding to the port 4 a
small opening or passage 31 leads from the cylindrical portion of the casing
into each of the chambers 29 and 30. Said passage may be of any suitable form,
and is not necessarily similar to that illustrated in the drawings.
Pivoted upon a bracket 36 is a lever 32 having at each end blocks 35 and 42
capable of a limited sliding movement longitudinally in said lever and the
cylinder 25 is connected to the block 35 by means of a rod 33 passing through
a stuffing box. 34. To the block 42 is pivoted a rod 43 connected with a cut off
valve 44, located in a pipe 45 adjacent to the port 5.
The end of the lever 32 adjacent to the block 42 is provided with a curved
piece 46 having a notch 47 in the middle thereof, and in front of said curved
piece is located an electro magnet 48 having a pivoted armature 49 with a
lug 50 thereon adapted to fit into the notch 47. Said lug 50 is normally held
in contact with the part 46 by a pin 51 controlled by a spring 52. 53 is a plug
for varying the pressure of the spring 52.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 6 to 10, the head 7 is provided
with two valve cylinders or chambers 54 and 55, the former communicating
with guide chamber 29 and the latter with guide chamber 30. In each of these
cylinders or chambers is an auxiliary cylinder 56 which is provided with a
plurality of side openings 56 and an inner open end 57 constituting a valve
seat. The outer end 58 of the cylinder 56 constitutes the head of the chamber 54
or the chamber 55 as the case may be. Each cylinder 56 is provided with a
valve 59 which has an inner head 60 and an outer head 61 connected by a
tube 62 and suitable guide wings 63. The inner end of tube 62 is open and its
outer end communicates with the space beyond the head 61 by inclined pas-
sages 63. By reason of this construction, the same fluid pressure is exerted in
opposite directions against the two ends of the valve. The head 61 of the valve in
cylinder 54 is connected to an armature 64 by means of a rod 65 which extends
through the core of an electromagnet 66. The armature 64 is normally held
away from the magnet by means of a coiled spring 67. The valve in cylinder 55
is similarly connected to an armature 64ª of a magnet 66".

page_text: The cylinders or chambers 54 and 55 are connected by a pipe G8 and this pipe
is connected to pipe 45 by a branch pipe 69.
My improved elevator or lift which is adapted to be operated by the pump
hereinabove described is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 in which 70 is a cylinder
closed at both ends and supported upon suitable standards 71.
A piston 72 is located in the cylinder 70 and is provided with a stem 73 which
projects through a suitable stuffing box in one of the cylinder heads.
A plurality of grooved wheels or sheaves 74 are mounted in a frame 75 which
is supported upon the outer end of the stem 73. A similar series of sheaves 76
are mounted in stationary brackets 77 at the opposite end of cylinder 70. A
pair of cables 78 are attached at one end to a stationary part and extend back
and forth over the several sheaves 74 and 76 and thence over suitable guiding
and supporting sheaves to the elevator car 79, as is usual in such apparatus.
The frame 75 and its sheaves 74 are supported and guided by tracks 80, the
frame 75 being provided with supporting and guiding wheels or rollers 81
which engage with these tracks.
The port 5 of the pump is connected to the end of the cylinder 70 corre-
sponding to the rear side of the piston 72 by means of a pipe 45 or by means
of a separate pipe 82 which is coupled to the pipe 45 so as to form a continuation
of it, as indicated in the drawings.
The port 4 of the pump is connected with the opposite end of the cylinder
by means of a pipe 83.
A longitudinally movable rod 84 is mounted in suitable supports parallel to
the tracks 80 and is provided at or near its outer end with a nut or other pro-
jection 85, which is in position to be engaged by a projection 86 on the frame 75
when the piston 72 attains the limit of its stroke in one direction.
The inner end of the rod 84 is connected to a pivoted lever 87 and this lever
is connected by links 88 and 89 and a bell crank lever 90 to the lever 18 for
operating the valve 13. Lever 87 is also connected to the long arm of lever 32
by means of a rocking lever 91 and links 92 and 93, the lever 91 being pivoted
to a stationary support 94 and link 93 having a slot and pin connection with
lever 32.
The drum shaft of the pump which forces liquid into cylinder 70 may be
driven by any suitable motor, but in the present instance I have shewn it as
directly coupled to an electric motor 95 on the same base 96.
The operation of the apparatus when the pump shaft is contin-
uously rotated in the direction shewn by the arrow in Figure 5 is as follows:-
The several parts being in the positions indicated in Figure 1 and 5 the
piston slides 24 will draw liquid from cylinder 70 through the pipes 82 and 45
and the port 5 and force it through the port 4 and the pipe 83 into cylinder 70 in
front of piston 72, the body of liquid being sufficiently large to fill the entire
space in the pump casing, the cylinder 70 and the connecting passages not
occupied by the mechanical parts of the apparatus. As the liquid is pumped
from the rear of piston 72 and forced in front of it, the piston will be moved
rearwardly and thus raise the elevator car by means of the cable 78. If the load
upon the car exceeds the amount for which the weight 20 is set the back pres-
sure in the chamber 9 will unseat the valve 13 and the liquid will be pumped
through the by-pass 11 instead of into the cylinder 70. It is thus possible, as
will readily be understood, to set the weight 20 for any desired maximum load.
When the piston 72 reaches the rear end of cylinder 70 the back pressure
will be sufficient to unseat valve 13 even if no adjustment of the pump cylinder
is made.
In order that the operation of this safety valve may not be entirely dependent
upon the back pressure of liquid, however, I provide the rod 84, projections 85
and 86, levers 87 and 90, and links 88 and 89 which serve to automatically
unseat valve 13 when the elevator car has reached the limit of its up-
ward movement. The movement of the rod 84 will also through link 92

page_text: lever 91 and link 93 act upon lever 32 thereby raising cylinder 25 and stopping
the action of the pump as hereinafter described.
When it is desired to stop the movement of the elevator, the cylinder 25 is
raised until it is concentric with the shaft 21 and the drum 22, as is indicated
in Figure 4. The movement of the cylinder 25 will effect a corresponding
movement of the valve 44 so as to cut off communication between the pump
and the pipe 45 by reason of the simultaneous movement of stems 33 and 43
as the lever 32 is rocked on its pivot.
If it is desired to reverse the movement of the elevator car, the lever 32 is
rocked an additional distance in the same direction until the cylinder is in its
extreme upper position and the valve 44 in its extreme lower position when the
liquid will be drawn into the pump through the port 4 and forced out through
the port 5.
My combined electrical and hydraulic means for controlling and actuating the
cylinder 25 and valve 44 operate as follows (see Figures 1 and 3).
One end of the coil of each magnet 48, 66 and 66" is connected to one pole of
a suitable source of current, and the other ends of these coils are respectively
connected to corresponding stationary terminals of switches a b c located on
the elevator car.
When the parts are in the position shewn in Figures 1, 5, 6, and 7, if the
circuit of magnet 66 be closed through switch a it will move its armature 64
inwards and thus unseat the valve 59. The water will then flow out through
pipes 68 and 69 into pipe 45, thus removing the pressure from behind the guide
piece 27.
The back pressure exerted through the port 4 will force water through
the passage 31 and behind the guide piece 28 and thus raise the cylinder 25.
When the middle or concentric position is reached the projection 50 on the
armature 49 will enter the recess 47 in the head 46 and lock the parts in that
position, provided the circuit of magnet 48 is open. In order to release the
parts so as to continue the movement, it is merely necessary to close the circuit
of the magnet 48 and thus effect the withdrawal of the projection 50 from
notch 47. The reverse movement of the cylinder 25 and valve 44 will obviously
be effected by closing the circuit of the magnet 66 and 48 the button con-
trolling the circuit of magnet 48 being so arranged so that it may be worked in
conjunction with either of the magnets 66 and 60º.
Dated the 11th dor of November 1907
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or connected with Hydraulic Lifts and the like.
I, GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, of Westinghouse Building, Pittsburg, in the
County of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to hydraulically operated lifts or elevators. An impor-
tant feature of my invention consists in the means I provide for automatically
stopping the action of the hydraulic mechanism when necessary. Another
feature of my invention consists in improved combined electrical and hydraulic
means for controlling the operation of the lift or elevator. My invention

page_text: furthermore comprises improvements in the general construction of lifts and
elevators as hereinafter indicated.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the drawings left with my Provisional
Specification, in which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly sectional of a bydraulic elevator constructed
in accordance with my invention, and
Figure 2 is a plan of the main portion of the operating mechanism.
Figure 3 is a diagram of the electric circuit employed for controlling the
hydraulic apparatus.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the pump and the main co-operating parts
which are directly connected therewith..
Figure 5 is a transverse section through the pump and the adjacent parts of
the apparatus.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section taken on line VI-VI of Figure 5, except
that the piston slides are shewn in different positions in the two figures.
Figure 7 is a detail sectional view of one of the pump valves, its cylinders
and actuating magnet.
Figures 8 and 9 are respectively perspective views of the inner cylinder and
valve shewn in Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a detail view, partially in elevation and partially in section of
the valve, its cylinders and a portion of the outer pipe of Figure 7.
I will first describe the construction of my improved pumping apparatus
which is illustrated in detail in Figures 4 to 10 of the drawings.
Referring more particularly to Figures 4, 5, and 6, 1 is the pump having a
base 1", and a main portion 2 provided with a cylindrical portion 3 which has
ports 4 and 5 at either side. The ends of the cylindrical portion 3 are closed by
heads 6 and 7, and below is a space which is separated by a partition 8 into two
chambers 9 and 10, each of which is in free communication with the cylindrical
portion of the pump. The partition 8 is provided with a passage 11 which is
normally closed by two valves 12 and 13, both of which are located at the
end of the passage opening into the chamber 10. The part 12 is mounted loosely
and the part 13 rigidly upon a rod 14 which is movable longitudinally in a
stuffing box 15. The end of said rod carries a nut 16 between which and the
valve 12 is located a coil spring 17. The outer end of the rod 14 is pivoted
to a bell crank 18 pivotally supported by a bracket 19 and provided with a longi-
tudinally adjustable weight 20. In place of the lever 8 and its adjuncts other
means may be provided for pressing the end 14 inwards and the valve 13 against
its seat. It will be further understood that the chambers 9 and 10 with the
communicating passage 11, and all appurtenances may be located outside the
pump casing if desired. 21 is a shaft located concentrically in the cylindrical
portion 3, being provided with enlarged bearing portions mounted in roller
bearings in the heads 6 and 7 as shewn in Figure 6. Mounted upon said shaft
is a drum 22 provided with a cavity at each end in which is located a ring 23.
Said drum has also a plurality of radial slots in which piston slides 24 can
move in and out, the inner edges of these slides are in contact or nearly in con-
tact with the ring 23. A cylinder 25 provided at each side with a port 26
encloses the drum and its piston slides, said cylinder is also furnished with
longitudinal guide pieces 27 and 28 which are received in chambers 29 and 30
respectively. The cylinder is thereby enabled to move up and down in a direc-
tion perpendicular to the shaft 21. On the side corresponding to the port 4 a
small opening or passage 31 leads from the cylindrical portion of the casing
into each of the chambers 29 and 30. Said passage may be of any suitable form,
and it is not necessarily similar to that illustrated in the drawings.
Pivoted upon a bracket 36 is a lever 32 having at each end blocks 35 and 42.
capable of a limited sliding movement longitudinally in said lever and the
cylinder 25 is connected to the block 35 by means of a rod 33 passing through

page_text: a stuffing box 34. To the block 42 is pivoted a rod 43 connected with a cut off
valve 44, located in a pipe 45 adjacent to the port 5.
The end of the lever 32 adjacent to the block 42 is provided with a curved
piece 46 having a notch 47 in the middle thereof, and in front of said curved
piece is located an electro-magnet 48 having a pivoted armature 49 with a
lug 50 thereon adapted to fit into the notch 47. Said lug 50 is normally held
in contact with the part 46 by a pin 51 controlled by a spring 52. 53 is a plug
for varying the pressure of the spring 52.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 6 to 10, the head 7 is provided
with two valve cylinders or chambers 54 and 55, the former communicating
with guide chamber 29 and the latter with guide chamber 30. In each of these
cylinders or chambers is an auxiliary cylinder 56 which is provided with a
plurality of side openings 56 and an inner open end 57 constituting a valve
seat. The outer end 58 of the cylinder 56 constitutes the head of the chamber 54
or the chamber 55 as the case may be. Each cylinder 56 is provided with a
valve 59 which has an inner head 60 and an outer head 61 connected by a
tube 62 and suitable. guide wings 63. The inner end of tube 62 is open and its
outer end communicates with the space beyond the head 61 by inclined pas-
sages 63. By reason of this construction, the same fluid pressure is exerted in
opposite directions against the two ends of the valve. The head 61 of the valve in
cylinder 54 is connected to an armature 64 by means of a rod 65 which extends
through the core of an electromagnet 66. The armature 64,is normally held
away from the magnet by means of a coiled spring 67. The valve in cylinder 55
is similarly connected to an armature 64 of a magnet 66.
The cylinders or chambers 54 and 55 are connected by a pipe 68 and this pipe
is connected to nipe 45 by a branch pipe 69.
My improved elevator or lift which is adapted to be operated by the pump
hereinabove described is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 in which 70 is a cylinder
at both ends and supported upon suitable standards 71.
A piston 72 is located in the cylinder 70 and is provided with a stem 73 which
projects through a suitable stuffing box in one of the cylinder heads.
A plurality of grooved wheels or sheaves 74 are mounted in a frame 75 which
is supported upon the outer end of the stem 73. A similar series of sheaves 76
are mounted in stationary brackets 77 at the opposite end of cylinder 70. A.
pair of cables 78 are attached at one end to a stationary part and extend back
and forth over the several sheaves 74 and 76 and thence over suitable guiding
and supporting sheaves to the elevator car 79, as is usual in such apparatus.
The frame 75 and its sheaves 74 are supported and guided by tracks 80, the
frame 75 being provided with supporting and guiding wheels or rollers 81
which engage with these tracks..
The port 5 of the pump is connected to the end of the cylinder 70 corre-
sponding to the rear side of the piston 72 by means of the pipe 45 or by means
of a separate pipe 82 which is coupled to the pipe 45 so as to form a continuation
of it, as indicated in the drawings.
3
4
The port 4 of the pump is connected with the opposite end of the cylinder 4
by means of a pipe 83.
A longitudinally movable rod 84 is mounted in suitable supports parallel to
the tracks 80 and is provided at or near its outer end with a nut or other pro-
jection 85, which is in position to be engaged by a projection 86 on the frame 75
when the piston 72 attains the limit of its strokes in one direction.
The inner end of the rod 84 is connected to a pivoted lever 87 and this lever
5
is connected by links 88 and 89 and a bell crank lever 90 to the lever 18 for
operating the valve 13. Lever 87 is also connected to the long arm of lever 32
by means of a rocking lever 91 and links 92 and 93, the lever 91 being pivoted
to a stationary support 94 and link 93 having a slot and pin connection with 5
lever 32.
The drum shaft of the pump which forces liquid into cylinder 70 may be

page_text: driven by any suitable motor, but in the 'present instance I have shewn it as
directly coupled to an electric motor 95 on the same base 96.
The operation of the apparatus when the pump shaft is contin-
uously rotated in the direction shewn by the arrow in Figure 5 is as follows:-
The several parts being in the positions indicated in Figures 1 and 5 the
piston slides 24 will draw liquid from cylinder 70 through the pipes 82 and 45
and the port 5 and force it through the port 4 and pipe 83 into cylinder 70 in
front of piston 72, the body of liquid being sufficiently large to fill the entire
space in the pump casing, the cylinder 70 and the connecting passages not
occupied by the mechanical parts of the apparatus. As the liquid is pumped
from the rear of piston 72 and forced in front of it, the piston will be moved
rearwardly and thus raise the elevator car by means of the cable 78. If the load
upon the car exceeds the amount for which the weight 20 is set the back pres-
sure in the chamber 9 will unseat the valve 13 and the liquid will be pumped
through the by-pass 11 instead of into the cylinder 70. It is thus possible, as
will be readily understood, to set the weight 20 for any desired maximum load.
When the piston 72 reaches the rear end of the cylinder 70 the back pressure
will be sufficient to unseat valve 13 even if no adjustment of the pump cylinder
is made.
In order that the operation of this safety valve may not be entirely dependent
upon the back pressure of liquid, however, I provided the rod 84, projections 85
and 86, levers 87 and 90, and links 88 and 89 which serve to automatically
unseat valve 13 when the elevator car has reached the limit of its up-
ward movement. The movement of the rod 84 will also through link 92
lever 91 and link 93 act upon lever 32 thereby raising cylinder 25 and stopping
the action of the pump as hereinafter described.
When it is desired to stop the movement of the elevator, the cylinder 25 is
raised until it is concentric with the shaft 21 and the drum 22, as is indicated
in Figure 4. The movement of the cylinder 25 will effect a corresponding
movement of the valve 44 so as to cut off communication between the pump
and the pipe 45 by reason of the simultaneous 'movement of stems 33 and 48
as the lever 32 is rocked on its pivot.
If it is desired to reverse the movement of the clevator car, the lever 32 is
rocked an additional distance in the same direction until the cylinder is in its
extreme upper position, and the valve 44 in its extreme lower position when the
liquid will be drawn into the pump through the port 4 and forced out through
the port 5.
My combined electrical and hydraulic means for controlling and actuating the
cylinder 25 and valve 44 operate as follows (see Figures 1 and 3):
One end of the coil of each magnet 48, 66 and 66 is connected to one pole of
a suitable source of current, and the other ends of these coils are respectively
connected to corresponding stationary terminals of switches a b c located on
the elevator car.
When the parts are in the position shewn in Figures 1, 5, 6, and 7, if the
circuit of magnet 66 be closed through switch bit will move its armature 64
inwards and thus unseat the valve 59. The water will then flow out through
pipes 68 and 69 into pipe 45, thus removing the pressure from behind the guide
piece 27. The back pressure exerted through the port 4 will force water through
the passage 31 and behind the guide piece 28 and thus raise the cylinder 25.
When the middle or concentric position is reached, the projection 50 on the
armature 49 will enter the recess 47 in the head 46 and lock the parts in that
position, provided the circuit of magnet 48 is open. In order to release the
parts so as to continue the movement, it is merely necessary to close the circuit
of the magnet 48 and thus effect the withdrawal of the projection 50 from
notch 47. The reverse movement of the cylinder 25 and valve 44 will obviously
be effected by closing the circuit of the magnet 66 and 48, the button
con-

page_text: trolling the circuit of magnet 48 being so arranged that it may be worked in
conjunction with either of the magnets 66 and 66°.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
A hydraulic elevator or lift constructed and operating substantially as described
with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
UC
сосот лятЯпту то fen mor
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents for the Applicant.