Improvements in Engraving Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1893-Accepted, 17th Feb., 1894
CODE DIE DI LUIFICATION.
Improvements in Engraving Machines.
A communication from abroad by CHARLES CLIFFORD BRUCKNER, of
358, Dearborn Street, Chicago, County of Cook and State of Illinois,
Electrician.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell & Wilding of 1, Queen Victoria
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the class of engraving machines with electrical control
and has for its object improvements in such machines whereby their manipulation
is facilitated and the scope of operation extended.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation, Fig. 2 is a plan, Fig. 3 is an end elevation, Figs. 4, 5
and 6 are sections on lines X X, YY and Z Z respectively of Fig. 2, Figs. 7, 8 and 9
are detail views of the type clamp, Fig. 10 is a plan of the chuck, Fig. 11 is an
enlarged section of a part of the chuck-plate showing the manner of inserting the
pins for holding flat work, Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail of the contacts, and
Figs. 13, 14 and 15 are details of the feed mechanism.
:
On a wooden base 1, is mounted a cast-iron frame 2, that supports a sliding
engraving table 3, a tool slide 4, and a copy-holding slide 5. At the point 6 in the
frame 2, is pivoted a .block 7, in which operates a lever 8. At one end of the
slide 3, is a slot 9, in which is adjustable another pivoted block 10, by means of
the screw 11, and in which the lever 8 also works. At one end of the slide 5, is a
pin 12, that passes through and serves as a moving fulcrum or pivot for the lever 8.
The tool slide 4, is located opposite the center of the engraving table 3, and has a
movement at right angles to the slides 3 and 5. Mounted on the slide. 4 is a
bracket 13, which may be secured to any desired position by means of the screw 14.
On the vertical face 15, of the bracket 13, is another slide 16, secured in position
by means of screw 17. Near the upper end of slide 16, are lugs 18, in which is
pivoted a lever 19, having an arm 20, that receives the end of a stud 21, secured in
the slide 16. A spring 22 and a nut 23 serve and hold the lever 19, in the position
shown in the drawing or to raise or lower it a limited amount. On the lower face
of the lever 19 is supported a magnet 24 that serves to draw up the armature 25
which is fastened to the arm 26 pivoted at 27 to the lugs 28 on the slide 16.
Passing through the arm 26 and lever 19 is a rod 29 having a head 30 and nuts 31
which serves to support the arm 26 and adjust the distance between the magnet 24
and armature 25. A spring 32 and a nut 33 on the rod 29 serve to regulate the
resistance to the action of the magnet 24. The outer end of the arm 26 is drilled
and split to hold the tool 34 by means of the screw 35. It will thus be seen that
an adjustment of the nut 23 will raise or lower the tool 34 a small amount, greater
adjustments being made by moving the slide 16 on the bracket 13.
Located opposite the center of the copy slide 5, and parallel to the tool slide 4,
is a frame 36, baving a tracing slide 37, carrying an arm 38 pivoted at 39 and
having lugs 40, on which is pivoted a lever 41 having a tracing pin 42, at one end
which passes the enlarged end 43, of the arm 38. The other end of the lever 41
extends to the rear and terminates between the contact points 44 and 45 which are
held in insulating bushings in the arm 38. A small spring 46 acts to keep the
lever 41 against contact point 44. The contact points 44 and 45 is screwed into
the insulating bushings so as to adjust the amplitude of the vibrations of the
lever 41 and also the amount the tracing point 42 projects below the enlarged
head 43 of the arm 38.

page_text: Located between the slides 4 and 37 is a small frame 47 in which is slide 48
reciprocated by means of the screw 49 and handle 50. On the top of slide 48 is
pivoted a block 51 in which operates a lever 52 connected at one end to slide 4
at the point 53 and at the other end to slide 37 by means of link 54. The opera-
tion of this lever is such that a movement in one direction of slide 4 causes a
corresponding movement in the opposite direction of slide 37. The ratio of
movement of slides 4 and 37 to each other is determined by the location of the
slide 48, and consequently the block 51 on the length of the lever 52. The
movement of the slide 4 is obtained by means of the screw 55, the ratchet wheel 56,
and a pawl 57 secured to the side of the slide 3. By this means each reciprocation
of the slide 3 causes a small movement of the slide 4. To regulate the amount of
this movement a disk 58 is mounted loosely on the screw 55 adjacent to the
ratchet 56 (see Figs. 13 and 14) and held from turning by means of a pin 59 held
in the lug 59 which is secured to the frame 2. The disk 58 is slightly larger in
diameter than the ratchet wheels, so that the pawl riding upon it is kept from
contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel. One part of the disk 58 is, however,
cut away at 59 to permit engagement between the pawl and ratchet wheel,
which engagement is released when the pawl, in its reciprocation comes in contact
with the corner 60 of the disk 58. The location of the corner 60 with respect
to the travel of the pawl is regulated by means of a series of holes 61 in the
edge of the disk 58 which allows it set at any one of several positions thus causing
the pawl 57 to move the ratchet wheel 56 one or more teeth as desired.
The slide may be rapidly adjusted by hand by means of the handle 69, shaft 70
and bevel gears 71, one of the latter of which is on the screw 55.
Located on the copy table is a block 62 provided with a right and left hand
screw 63 and jaws 64, which are operated by means of the knurled head 65. This
device is used as a clamp for holding type to be used as a copy. The front edge of
the block 62 has a projecting lip 62 that clamps over the top of the counter of the
type T, thus securing the line of type from rising. To keep the type securely in
line and under the lip 62" a bar 66 is pressed against the opposite side of the type
by the screw 67 in the lug 68 on the slide 5.
For the purpose of holding the work a chuck 72 is provided having pins 73
secured in the face of the chuck as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. These pins have a.
threaded portion 74 and a smooth portion 75, and a screw-driver slot 76. They are
put into the face plate of the chuck from below, and by using a small screw-driver
may be caused to project above the surface for holding work or screwed down so as
to be out of the way.
>
Located at convenient places on the base are two binding posts 77 and 78 and a
switch 79. From binding post 77 a wire runs to the switch 79 and thence to the
frame 36. From binding post 78 a wire runs to the magnet 24 and thence to either
the contact point 44 or 45.
The operation is as follows:
The work on which the engraving is to be made is secured in the chuck 72 or
on the engraving table 3. A copy consisting of type having the required letters or
characters secured in the type clamp on table 5, and the end 43 of the arm 38 is
permitted to rest on the face of the copy with the lever 41 so adjusted that when it
is in contact with the point 45 the tracing point 42 will be flush with the bottom
face of the end 43, and when it is in contact with the point 44 the tracing point 42
will project slightly below the surface of the end 43. This adjustment is made by
screwing in or out the points 44 and 45 in their insulating bushings. The height
of the tool 34 is then adjusted so that when the armature 25 is free from the
magnet 24, the point of the tool 34 will be in cutting position on the work, while
when the armature 25 is drawn up the tool will be free from the work. The
operator then grasps the handle 8 and by oscillating it back and forth causes the copy
to reciprocate under the tracing point 42 and the work to correspondingly reciprocate
under the tool 34. The length of the reciprocation of the copy slide 5 is controlled
by any suitable adjustable stops (not shown) and is usually set at something greater

page_text: than the length of the copy. At the beginning of a reciprocation the point 42 is
not in contact with the face of a type and consequently projects below the face of
the end 43 by virtue of the action of the spring 46. If the circuit from the
magnet 24 is connected to the point 45 the current is broken when the point 42 is
down and hence the tool 34 is in a cutting position. As soon, however, as a type
face reaches the point 42 the lever 41 is caused to vibrate on its pivot 40 and
complete the circuit by coming in contact with the point 45 and hence to raise the
tool 34 from the work. As soon as the type face passes the point 42 the circuit is
again broken and the tool permitted to drop to cutting position. This making and
breaking of the circuit is repeated as often during a single reciprocation as the
point 42 comes in contact with or passes from a type face. If we suppose the
tool 34 to be set so that a cut is made during a reciprocation toward the left, then
a reciprocation toward the right will be utilized to cause the pawl 57 to turn the
ratchet wheel 56 one or more teeth and move the tool 34 a small distance across
the work at right angle to the cut made, and also to move the tracing point 42 a.
correspondingly small distance across the copy. The result of this operation is to
cause the tracing point 42 and the tool 34 to make parallel adjacent lines on the
copy and the work. These reciprocations are. repeated until the tracing point 42
has traversed the entire face of the type when it will be found that the letters of,
the copy have been duplicated on the work and reversed (by means of the action
through the lever 52) so as to read properly. Letters cut in the manner just described
will be in relief because the tool 34 is cutting when the circuit is broken and the
circuit is broken while the tracing point 42 is not in contact with a type face. If
it is desired to make intaglio engraving the wire from the magnet 24 is changed
from contact point 45 to contact point 44 which causes the circuit to be made, and
consequently the tool to be raised, when the tracing 42 is free from the type face.
Contact between the type face and the tracing point 42 breaks the circuit and
drops the tool to cutting position.
If the block 51 is adjusted to the middle of the length of the lever 52 and the
block 10 be adjusted so as to be immediately over the center of the pivot 12, then
the length of movements of the tool slide 4 and tracing slide 37 will be equal, as
will also those of the slides 3 and 5, and consequently the engraving will be a
duplicate of the copy in form and size. By adjusting the block 51 toward the
slide 4, the tool travel will be less than the travel of the tracing point and con-
sequently the height of the letters of the engraving will be less than that of the
copy. By adjusting in the opposite direction the reverse would be true. By
adjusting the block 10 toward the. block 7 the length of reciprocation of the
table 3 will be less than that of the slide 5 and consequently the engraving will be
shorter than the copy. By adjusting the other way the engraving will be longer.
It will thus be seen that by means of the adjustments of the blocks 10 and 51
engravings of different sizes and proportions may be made from a single copy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In an engraving machine, a work table and a copy slide moving on a fixed
bed, a pivoting point on each slide and also on the bed, and an operating lever
adapted to vibrate about one of said pivots and to slide with respect to the other
two pivots.
2. In an engraving machine, a lever pivoted to a fixed support and also to two
moving slides, means for permitting the lever to slide with respect to two of these
pivots, and means for adjusting at least one of said pivots with respect to the length
of said lever.
3. In an engraving machine, a tool slide and tracing slide, a lever connecting
said slides and serving to transmit motion from one to the other, a pivot for said
lever, and a screw for adjusting said pivot by small degrees.

page_text: 4. In an engraving machine, a screw for imparting transverse motion to an
engraving tool, a ratchet wheel secured to said screw, a moving pawl for turning
said ratchet wheel, and an adjustable throw-out device adapted to disengage said
pawl from said ratchet wheel at a predetermined point.
5. In an engraving machine having a cutting tool controlled by an electro-
magnet, a lever adapted to vibrate by the movement of a copy under a tracing
point on said lever, two adjustable, insulated contact points between which said
lever vibrates and against one of which it is normally held, a conducting wire
leading from said electro-magnet, and means for connecting said wire to either of
said contact points whereby the same pattern may be used for either relief or
intaglio engraving, substantially as set forth.
6. In an electrically controlled engraving machine, a lever adapted to vibrate by
the reciprocation of a pattern under a tracing point connected to said lever, two
electrical contact points between which said lever vibrates, a conducting wire, and
means for connecting said wire so that either relief or intalio engraving may be
made from the same pattern.
7. In an electrical engraving machine controlled by the vibration of a tracing
point in passing over a copy, a pivoted lever supporting said tracing point, two
contact points between which said lever vibrates, a conductor, and means whereby
shifting the conductor from one contact point to the other will change the machine
from relief to intaglio engraving, or vice versa, without changing the pattern.
8. In an electrical engraving machine adapted to make either relief or intaglio
engraving from a single pattern, means for controlling the operation of the cutting
tool by vibration caused by the reciprocation of a pattern under a tracing point, a
pattern consisting of a series of character faces clamped together, and a clamp for
said patern, said clamp being operated by a right and left hand screw.
9. In an engraving machine, a work table and a copy slide moving on a fixed
bed, a lever adapted to give synchronous movements of a fixed ratio to said
table and slide, a copy, a tracing point and lever therefor, contact points
between which said lever vibrates, and means for causing the electrical contact
to occur at either of said contact points, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
10. In an engraving machine, a work, table and copy slide moving on a fixed
bed, a lever adapted to give synchronous movements of a fixed ratio to said table
and slide, a chuck on said table, said chuck having work-holding pins adapted to
be screwed below the surface, a copy-holding clamp on said copy slide, said clamp
being operated by a right and left hand screw.
11. In an electrical engraving machine controlled by the vibration of a tracing
point passing over a copy, a copy consisting of a series of movable type, and a clamp
for said type, said clamp consisting of jaws operated by a right and left hand screw
and supported in a block having a bevelled lip adapted to project over the counters
of said type.
12. In an engraving machine, a work table and a copy slide on a fixed bed, an
adjustable hand lever for giving the said table and slide synchronous and parallel
movements in the same direction of any desired ratio, a tool slide and a tracing
slide having movements at right angles to said first movements, a lever mounted
on an adjustable pivot for giving the said tool slide and tracing slide synchronous
and parallel movements in opposite directions of any desired ratio, an electrically
operated tool mounted on the tool slide and supported above the work table, a
tracing point mounted on the tracing slide and held over a copy on the copy slide,
and means, substantially as described, whereby vibrations of the tracing point in
passing over the copy will cause corresponding vibrations of the tool in passing
over the work held upon the work table.
13. In an electrically operated engraving machine adapted to reproduce on a
work table the copy held upon a copy slide, devices consisting of adjustable levers
for changing the scale of the reproduction as compared to the copy in regard to

page_text: length or breadth, or both, and an electric connection adapted to be shifted to
either of two contact points between which a lever vibrates, for enabling the operator
to produce either relief or intaglio engraving from a single copy.
14. In an electrically operated machine adapted to make an engraved reproduc-
tion of a copy, independent adjustable levers for adjusting the length of the
reproduction independently of the breadth and the breadth independently of the
length, and means for shifting the electrical connection to either of two contact
points between which a tracing lever vibrates so as to make the reproduction
either in relief or intaglio, as desired, from a single copy, substantially as
described.
15. In an engraving machine, a work table and copy slide having synchronous
and parallel movements in the same direction in a horizontal plane, a tool slide and
a tracing slide having synchronous and parallel movements in the opposite
direction and also in a horizontal plane, an engraving tool and a tracing point
mounted upon their respective slides and having synchronous and parallel move-
ments in a vertical plane, and means for causing said last mentioned movements
to be either in the same or in opposite directions, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
Dated this 31st day of October 1893.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.