Sashes and Sash Frames.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 21st June, 1886.
Complete Left, 21st Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1887.
Sashes and Sash Frames.
I THOMAS HOWDILL of Park Lane Leads in the County of York, Architect and
Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is in the first place, io so construct window sashes and
sash frames and the fittings thereof, that the outside of the window can be readily
cleaned from the inside of the room, thereby avoiding the risks usually attaching to
the cleaning of the outsides of windows as they are ordinarily constructed. In a
secondary degree my Improvements render the ventilation of the room easy of
accomplishment.
In a window constructed in accordance with my improvements, the sashes are
hinged and secured to the sliding stile at their lower ends by means of centre hinges,
in such a manner that the sashes can be tilted-or drawn inward having the outside
uppermost.
In order to permit the upper sash being drawn inward when the upper-sash and
sliding stiles are drawn down, the inside width between the bottom sliding stiles is
greater than the outside width of the upper sash. The sashes when not opened out
for cleaning or ventilating purposes are held in position by suitable screws, springs,
catches, or bolts.
When it is desired to clean the window, the fastening holding the upper-part of the
sash in the lower sliding stile is loosened, and the sash inclined or drawn inwards,
bringing the outside of the pane uppermost. The upper sash is then lowered, the
upper part of the sash loosened from its connection with the sliding stiles, and
inclined or drawn inwards in the same manner as the lower sash, on which it may
be allowed to rest, whilst, the outside, (which is uppermost) is being cleaned.
When it is desired to use the window as a ventilator I provide arrangements
whereby the upper part of one or both sashes may be inclined inwards forming a sort
of hopper ventilator.
To keep the sash weather proof against the sliding stile, I provide a special arrange-
ment of grooves or ribs.
It will be understood that this Invention is applicable to various constructions of
both fixed and hanging sashes, the connections and fittings being modified to
correspond.
T11
1001
0 T

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of and Mode of Fitting Window
Sashes and Sash Frames.
I THOMAS HOWDILL of Park Lane Leeds in the County of York Architect and
Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of my Invention is, in the first place, to so construct window sashes and
sash frames and the fittings thereof, that the outside of the window can be readily
cleaned from the inside of the room, thereby avoiding the risks usually attaching to
the cleaning of the outsides of windows as they are ordinarily constructed. In a
secondary degree my Improvements render the ventilation of the room easy of
accomplishment.
In a window constructed in accordance with my improvements, the sashes are
hinged and secured to the sliding stile at their lower ends by means of centre hinges,
in such a manner, that the sashes can be tilted or drawn inward having the outside
uppermost.
In order to permit the upper sash being drawn inward, when the upper sash and
sliding stiles are drawn down, the inside width between the sliding stiles is greater
than the outside width of the upper sash. The sashes, when not opened out for cleaning
or ventilating purposes, are held in position by suitable screws, springs catches or
bolts.
When it is desired to clean the window, the fastening holding the upper part of the
sash in the lower sliding stile is loosened, and the sash inclined or drawn inwards,
bringing the outside of the pane uppermost. The upper sash is then lowered, the
upper part of the sash loosened from its connection with the sliding stiles, and inclined
or drawn inwards in the same manner as the lower sash, on which it may be allowed to
rest, whilst the outside, which is uppermost, is being cleaned.
When it is desired to use the window as a ventilator, I provide arrangements whereby
the upper part of one or both sashes may be inclined inwards, forming a sort of hopper
ventilator.
To keep the sash weather proof against the sliding stile, I provide a special arrange-
ment of grooves or ribs.
It will be understood that this my Invention is applicable to various constructions
of both fixed and hanging sashes, the connections and fittings being modified to
correspond.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood, reference is
given to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 Sheet I is a vertical section of an ordinary window, shewing the frame and
sashes constructed in accordance with my Invention, Fig. 2 Sheet I is a similar view,
in which the lower sash is represented tilted or drawn inwards into a horizontal
position resting on the lower sash. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line A B with
both sash frames shewn in section. Fig. 4 is a vertical section, and Fig. 5 a horizontal
section to a larger scale of a portion of the window framing.
The upper and lower sashes a a' are hinged and secured to the upper and lower
sliding stiles & respectively at their lower ends by means of pins cc, such pins being
attached to the lower ends of the sashes a a¹. These pins are slipped into grooves or
slots in the hinge plates dd attached at their proper positions to the sliding
stiles. The sashes a a so hinged can then be tilted or drawn inwards having the
ouside of the window uppermost.
In order to permit the upper sash a being drawn inwards when it is drawn down
with the upper sliding stiles, I make the inside width between the bottom sliding
stiles greater than the outside width of the upper sash a, see Figs. 3 and 5. The
sashes when not opened out for cleaning and ventilating purposes are held in position
by suitable screws, springs, catches or bolts e, e', which pass through the upper part
of the sashes into the sliding stiles.
When it is desired to clean the window, the fastening e¹ holding the upper part of
the lower window sash a to the lower sliding stile is loosened, and the sash a¹
inclined or drawn inward bringing the outside of the pane uppermost. The upper
sasha is then lowered, the upper part loosened from its connection with the upper
sliding stile b, and inclined or drawn inward in the same manner as the lower sash a',
on which it may be allowed to rest as shewn in Fig. 2 whilst the outside which is
uppermost is being cleaned.
When it is desired to use the window as a ventilator, I loosen the connection (or
connections e e¹ of one or both sashes with the corresponding stiles 6 or 6¹), and tilt
or incline one or both of the sashes a a¹ inwards as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1,
and support the sash in this position by means of chains, slotted sectors, or any other
usual device for holding windows in an inclined position. The window thus forms a
sort of hopper ventilator, much more effective and unobjectionable than inclined
window ventilators hinged at or near their centre, and in which the lower part of the
window is open as well as the top, so that with my Invention the ventilation is readily
effected with little or no draught.
In order to keep the saslies a a¹ weather proof against the sliding stiles b ;
I provide special rebates for grooves and ribs.
It will be understood that this my Invention is applicable to various constructions of
both fixed, sliding (with or without weights), and hanging sashes; the connections and
fittings being modified or arranged to correspond. As an example of such arrange-
ment or modification, Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet II are vertical sections, and Fig. 3 a
horizontal section of a casement window fitted with sashes which cannot be raised or
lowered i.e. in which the upper and lower parts of the window are separated by a
transom.
In these Figs. a is the window framing, the transom, and c e' are the sashes. The
pin plate d is attached to the lower part of each sash, and the grooved hinge or socket
plates in which the pins fit, are attached to the window frame in corresponding
positions. By setting back the inside edge of the transom, and bringing the hinge or
socket plate towards the inner edge of the sash as shown at d, Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet II,
the upper window sash may be made to hang perfectly vertical, as shewn in Fig. 2,
with the outside of the pane turned inwards. This arrangement is equally applicable
where the transom is dispensed with, and the window sashes abut against each other.
It will be noticed that owing to the grooved or slotted form of the socket
plates dd, the window sashes can be completely removed by merely lifting the lower
end of the sash slightly and then drawing it forward, so as so allow of large articles
of furniture being taken in or out through the window. To provide for such a case,

page_text: the transom b Figs. 1 and 2 is made removable. It will also be evident that the pins
at the lower part of the sashes may be fitted into circular holes in such a manner, that,
though the windows may be tilted, they cannot be withdrawn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :—
1° The arrangement of window sashes having hinge pins attached at their lower
ends and sliding stiles having solid, grooved, or slotted hinge plates; so that the
window sashes can be tilted or drawn inwards substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth, and as shewn in Figs. 1, 2 and 5 Sheet I, and Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet II,
of the accompanying drawings.
2° The arrangement of window sashes having hinge pins attached at their lower
ends; and grooved or slotted hinge plates attached to fixed window frames; so that
the window sashes can be tilted or drawn inwards, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth, and as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 sheet II of the accompanying
drawings.
3°. The special arrangement of pin plates e c', and socket plates & d', for permitting
the ready removal of the window sashes from their frames, substantially as herein set
forth, and shewn in Figs. 4 and 5 Sheet I of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of March 1887
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
Agent for Applicant.