IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul Raoul de Faucheux d'Humy of Carlton Mansions
Clapham Rise in the County of Surrey for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS
IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Paul Raoul de Faucheux
d'Humy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th October
1882.
PAUL RAOUL DE FAUCHEUX D'HUMY of Carlton Mansions, Clapham Rise, in the
County of Surrey IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
The Invention has for its object improvements in that class of electric lamps
known as incandescent lamps and relates to means whereby the destruction of the
metallic or carbon filament is delayed or prevented for a considerable period and
the necessity of employing costly and troublesome machinery and processes for
producing a vacuum in the glass globe or bulb is obviated whilst facility is afforded
for cleansing and renewing the various parts of the lamp without the necessity for
destroying any part thereof.
In carrying my Invention into effect I use a glass globe or bulb formed with an
aperture at both top and bottom thereof, the bottom is passed over a cylindrical
insulator through which the wires connected with the filament are passed.
The glass globe or bulb is provided at its lower end with means for facilitating
its connection and disconnection with its support and for connecting and discon-
necting the wires in the lamp and the conducting wires from the source of
electricity.
Into or through the centre of the aforesaid cylindrical insulator is passed the
open upper end of a glass or other vessel supplied with any suitable bydro-carbon
fluid or other material capable of giving off carbon or hydro-carbon, a wire, strip,
stick or tube from the burner is passed down into the hydro-carbon fluid or other
substance and a wick dipping into such fluid is carried a short distance up the said
wire, strip, stick or tube.
The aperture at the upper part of the glass globe is provided with a screw valve
or other closing means capable of being operated from the exterior.

page_text: The burner is constructed of metallic wire or filament or sticks or tubes of other
material carried upwards on each side of the globe or bulb and connected at their
upper ends by a cross piece, a small globe of carbon mixed with graphite or other
like material is fixed at the upper end of each vertical portion of the filament,
wire, stick, or tube and in order to increase the life of the burner, other wires,
filaments, sticks or tubes are connected to the vertical wires, filaments, sticks or
tubes below the carbon globes and to the horizontal part of the filament, wire,
stick or tube, above which they are united and terminate in a third carbon globe.
Thus whenever the horizontal part of the wire, filament, stick or tube becomes
severed and the current thereby prevented passing through the same, these latter
wires, filaments, sticks or tubes and their carbon globe receive the current and the
lamp consequently continues to work.
The wire or strip, stick or tube dipping into the hydro-carbon fluid or other
material will when the lamp is in use convey heat to such fluid or material and
cause vapor to be given off therefrom, this vapor will (the top aperture in the
globe or bulb being open) first drive out the atmospheric air from the globe or bulb
after which the said top aperture is closed, then in the continued working of the
lamp the carbonaceous vapor will continuously deposit a thin layer of carbon on
the incandescent filament, wire, stick or tube and thereby for a long period prevent
the destruction thereof whilst the hydro-carbon vapor in the globe or bulb will
also assist in such operation.
When desired the glass globe or bulb can be removed from the cylindrical
insulator and all parts of the lamp can then be cleansed repaired or renewed as
may be required.
The metallic wire or filament or other material forming the burner may be still
further protected by applying thereto a coating composed of lime, carbon and
plumbago or graphite in about equal proportions.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Paul Raoul de Faucheux d'Humy in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th April 1883.
PAUL RAOUL DE Faucheux d’HUMY of Carlton Mansions Clapham Rise in the
County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
The Invention has for its object improvements in that class of electric lamps
known as incandescent lamps and relates to means whereby the destruction of the
metallic carbon or other filament or other substance composing the burner is
delayed or prevented for a considerable period and the necessity of employing
costly and troublesome machinery and processes for producing a vacuum in the
glass globe or bulb is obviated whilst facility is afforded for cleansing and renewing
the various parts of the lamp without the necessity for destroying any part
thereof.
In carrying my Invention into effect I use a glass globe or bulb formed with
an aperture at both top and bottom thereof, the bottom is passed over a cylindrical
insulator through which the wires connected with the filament or burner are
passed.
The glass globe or bulb is provided at its lower end with means for facilitating
its connection and disconnection with its support and any suitable means are also
provided for connecting and disconnecting the wires in the lamp and the conducting
wires from the source of electricity.
Into or through the centre of the aforesaid cylindrical insulator is passed the
open upper end of a glass or other vessel supplied with any suitable hydro-carbon
fluid or other material capable of giving off carbon or hydro carbon, a wire strip,
stick or tube from the burner is passed down into the hydro-carbon fluid or other
substance and a wick dipping into such fluid is carried a short distance up the said
wire strip stick or tube. The aperture at the upper part of the glass globe is
provided with a screw valve or other closing means capable of being operated
from the exterior. The burner is constructed of metallic wire or of filaments
sticks or tubes of any suitable material carried upwards on each side of the globe
or bulb and connected at their upper ends by a cross piece, a small globe of carbon
mixed with graphite or other like material is fixed at the upper end of each
vertical portion of the filament, wire, stick or tube and in order to increase the life
of the burner, other wires, filaments sticks or tubes are connected to the vertical
wires filaments, sticks or tubes below the aforesaid carbon globes and to the
horizontal part of the filament, wire stick or tube above which they are united
and terminate in a third carbon globe. Thus whenever the horizontal part of the
wire filament stick or tube becomes severed and the current thereby prevented
passing through the same, these latter wires filaments sticks or tubes and their
carbon globe continue to receive the current and the lamp consequently continues to
work. The wire or strip stick or tube dipping into the hydro carbon fluid or other
material will when the lamp is in use convey heat to such fluid or material and
cause vapor to be given off therefrom, this vapor will (the top aperture in the
globe or bulb being open) first drive out the atmospheric air from the globe or
bulb after which the said top aperture is closed, then in the continued working of
the lamp the carbonaceous vapor will continuously deposit a thin layer of carbon
on the incandescent filament wire, stick or tube and thereby for a long period
prevent the destruction thereof whilst the hydro-carbon vapor in the globe or bulb
will also assist in such operation.
When desired the glass globe or bulb can be removed from the cylindrical
insulator and all parts of the lamp can then be cleansed repaired or renewed as

page_text: :
:
may be required. The metallic wire or filament or other material forming the
burner may be still further protected by applying thereto a coating composed of
lime, carbon and plumbago or graphite in about equal proportions.
And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings
more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figures 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of electric lamps showing two
modifications of my Invention. Figure 3 is a vertical section and Figure 4 is
a plan of the lower part of the lamp shown at Figure 2 and Figure 5 is a vertical
section and Figure 6 is a plan of the lower part or fitting of the glass globe or
bulb shown in Figure 2. Figures 3. 4. 5 and 6 are drawn to a larger scale than
Figure 2.
Like parts are marked with similar letters of reference in all the Figures.
a is a glass globe or bulb surrounding the burner, this globe or bulb a is formed
with an aperture at both top and bottom thereof, the bottom a¹ is passed over
a cylindrical insulator 6 through which the wires c. c. connected with the burner
are passed. The glass globe or bulb a is provided at its lower end a¹ with a
metallic ring or socket d for facilitating its connection and disconnection with its
support b.
In Figure 1 the bottom of the insulating support b is provided with a contact
ringe in connection with the wire c, and said ring e by a spring contact piece e¹
is capable of connection and disconnection with the wire c². whilst a contact ring e
is fixed to the ebonite or other insulating support f and the wire c' is capable
of connection and disconnection with the ring e¹ and consequently with the wire c³
through a spring contact piece e In Figure 1 the ring or socket d is shown
provided with a screw thread to enable it to be screwed into its support b.
In Figures 2 to 6 the said ring or socket d. is shown cylindrical and to fit tightly
into its support 6 without screwing and in the latter case the wires c. c. are shown
connected at their lower ends to terminals c c. with which the wires c. c. can be
connected or disconnected by binding screws:―
Into or through the centre of the cylindrical insulator b is passed the open upper
end of a glass or other vessel g which is capable of being raised and lowered and
retained in any desired position by simple friction as shewn at Figure 1 or by
screwing as shewn at Figures 2. 3 and 4. This vessel is supplied with any.
suitable hydro-carbon fluid or other material capable of giving off carbon or
hydro-carbon, a wire, strip, stick or tube h from the burner is passed down into
the hydro carbon fluid or other substance in the vessel g and is supported in
the bottom of such vessel, and a wick dipping into such fluid (when the
latter is employed) is carried a short distance up the said wire strip stick or
tube h.
.
The aperture at the upper part a. of the glass globe a. is provided with a valve i,
or other closing means capable of being operated from the exterior. In the
arrangement represented at Figure 1 it is shewn provided with a screw i¹. by which
it can be caused to open or close the aperture in the upper part a. of the glass 4
globe a. but in the arrangement shewn at Figure 2 such valve i is shewn to rest in.
its seat by the force of gravity whilst it is raised from its seat by hand or by any.
excessive pressure in the interior of the glass globe a; if desired however the said
valve i. may be provided with a spring to press it to its seat.
The burner is constructed of wire filament or sticks or tubes ca c7 of metal or of 5
other suitable materia! carried upwards from the wires c, c¹. on each side of the globe
or bulb a and connected at their upper ends by a cross piece c. a small globe c³. of
carbon mixed with graphite or other like material is placed at the upper end of
each vertical portion c. c. of the filament wire stick or tube and such globes c³.
are formed with central holes to fit the parts c. c. so that they can rest on the 5

page_text: latter by gravity and as the upper ends of the parts c. c. become consumed the
globes follow such parts c. c. and remain supported thereby.
г.
And in order to increase the life of the burner, other wires filaments sticks or
tubes are connected to the vertical wires filaments sticks or tubes below the
carbon globes c. and to the horizontal part of the filament wire, stick or tube
above which they are united and terminate in a third carbon globe c¹¹. Thus.
whenever the horizontal part of of the wire filament stick or tube becomes severed
and the current thereby prevented passing through the same, these latter wires,
filaments sticks or tubes c¹º. and their carbon globes c¹¹. continue to receive the
current and the lamp consequently continues to work.
The wire or strip, stick or tube h dipping into the hydro carbon fluid or other
material in the vessel g will when the lamp is in use convey heat to such fluid or
material and cause vapor to be given off therefrom, this vapor will (the top aperture
in the globe or bulb a, being open) first drive out the atmospheric air from the
globe or bulb a. after which the said top aperture is closed, then in the continued
working of the lamp the carbonaceous vapor will continuously deposit a thin layer
of carbon on the incandescent filament wire stick or tube c c. c. cl. and on the
carbon globes c. cl. and thereby for a long period prevent the destruction thereof
whilst the hydro-carbon vapor in the globe or bulb a will also assist in such
operation.
By raising and lowering the vessel g, I obtain facility of adjustment whereby I
can as may be required adjust the position of the parts c¹o. c. in relation to the
parts c. c. c. of the burner when the burner is first about to be used and
afterwards to maintain the correct relation of such parts as the parts c. c. become
shorter by combustion at their upper ends. The parts co. c7 and clo, are so formed
or sprung towards each other as to enable the part clo, to be raised and lowered and
yet to retain such parts constantly in contact.
When desired the glass globe or bulb a can be removed from the cylindrical
insulator b and all parts of the lamp can then be cleansed, repaired or renewed as
may be required; the upper ends of the wires c. c. are preferably provided with
sockets as shown to receive the vertical portions c. c. of the burner thereby
enabling the latter to be readily renewed when required.
The metallic wire or filament or other material forming the burner may be still
further protected by applying thereto a coating composed of lime carbon plumbago
or graphite separately or of two or more of them combined in about equal
proportions.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the manner in
which I carry the same into effect I would have it understood that what I
claim is:-
First. The method of delaying or preventing the destruction of the burner
for a considerable period and of obviating the necessity heretofore existing for
employing a vacuum by the continued production of an atmosphere of carbon or
hydrocarbon within the lamp substantially as herein shewn and described.
Second. The novel arrangement and combination of parts whereby facility is
afforded for mounting and dismounting the various parts of the lamp and con-
Bequently for cleansing and renewing the same substantially as herein shewn and
described.
Third. The employment in combination with a suitable opening in the lamp of
a valve capable of being operated substantially as herein shewn and described and
for the purpose stated.
Fourth. The novel arrangement and combination of parts employed in the
production within the lamp of an atmosphere of carbon or hydro carbon and for
regulating the parts of the burner in relation to each other substantially as herein
shewn and described.
Fifth. The novel combination and arrangement of parts whereby the electric
circuit is completed by the act of placing the globe in position and broken by the

page_text: removal of the latter substantially as herein shown and described with respect to
Figure 1.
Sixth. Covering the metallic wire or filament or other material forming the
burner with a coating composed of lime, carbon plumbago or graphite separately
or of two or more of them combined substantially as herein described and for the
purpose stated.
In Witness whereof I the said Paul Raoul de Faucheux d'Humy have
hereunto set my hand and seal this tenth day of April in the year of Our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.