IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOVE GRATES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jobson, of Derby, in the County of Derby,
Ironfounder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
STOVE GRATES."
Sealed the 22nd March 1861, and dated the 18th January 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jobson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th January 1861.
I, JOHN JOBSON, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Ironfounder, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF STOVE GRATES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
The objects to be effected by these improvements are, firstly, to obtain a
reflection or diffusion of the rays of heat from the sides and from the head or
arch of the grate at a lower elevation, for which purpose I make the heal or
arch of a concave or domical form, merging into plain splayed or bevilled sides.
By the employment of this concave or domical form the rays of heat reflected
from the head or arch of the grate will be thrown out into an apartment in
horizontal or nearly horizontal lines instead of being reflected upwards, whilst
the plain splayed or bevilled form of the side diffuses the heat from the sides
in the direction most favourable for the effectual warming of the apartment;
therefore the combination of these two forms for the head or arch and sides
ensures the most economical distribution of the rays of heat.

page_text: Secondly, my Invention consists of improvements in the construction of the
smoke door or flap, usually termed the register, by which I am enabled to regu-
late or vary the size of the opening admitting the smoke to the flue. This I effect
by forming the flap in three parts, consisting of, firstly, the centre part or door;
2nd, the meeting bar rebated to receive the door and the third portion of the
flap, namely, a marginal band running round the outside of the meeting bar.
These parts are so hinged or pinned at the back of the grate that I can open
either the centre part or door by itself, the marginal band by itself, leaving the
door up, or the marginal band and the door may be thrown back together, or
the whole three parts may be opened together. This flap or smoke door may
be constructed with more parts than three by employing a repetition of the
meeting bar and marginal band.
Thirdly, my Invention consists of improvements in the method of putting
together the arch and the part termed the side plate, which I effect as
follows: The arch terminates at a point rather above the fire-bars, and is
continued to the ground by a side plate screwed to the bottom of the arch,
which screws may be concealed by a small moulding. This side plate may
have the cheek of the fire-grate cast upon it, which may be thus fixed in
place.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Jobson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
July 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JOBSON, of Derby, in the County of Derby, Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of January, on the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Jobson, Her special licence that I, the said John Jobson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Jobson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF STOVE GRATES," upon the condition, amongst others, that I,

page_text: the said John Jobson, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same.to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jobson, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, in which
similar parts are marked with similar letters of reference (that is to say) :-
My said Invention consists of improvements in the manufacture of stove
grates, and the object of the first part of the Invention is to obtain a better
reflection and diffusion of the rays of heat from the head or arch of the grate,
and to cause those rays to be diffused at a lower elevation. For which
purpose I make the radiating head or top plate of a stove arched and of a
concave or domical or partially concave or domical figure merging into and
combined with plain, splayed, or bevilled side reflecting plate (generally called
cheeks) of an ordinary description). By the employment of a radiating head or
top plate of this description a large portion of the rays of heat reflected from
it will he thrown down more towards the floor of the apartment and diffused
amongst the air near to and horizontal or nearly horizontal with the floor
instead of being reflected upwards towards the ceiling as in stoves grates made
with a flat splayed surface, whilst the flat splayed or bevilled sides of my grate
diffuses the heat that is reflected therefrom in the ordinary manner for effecting
the warming of the apartment. The object of adopting the combination of
a head or top plate of the peculiar form above mentioned with ordinary flat-
splayed side reflecting plates or cheeks is to ensure the most economical
distribution of the rays of heat.
Secondly, my Invention consists of improvements in the construction of the
smoke door or flap, also termed the smoke valve or register, of a stove grate,
in order that the size of the opening for admitting the smoke to the flue or
chimney may be varied or regulated. This I effect by forming the flap or
register in three parts consisting of, firstly, a centre part which is a door or flap
of an ordinary or nearly of an ordinary description; secondly, a part which I
term a meeting bar, and which may be rebated at its inner edge to receive the
centre door or flap, and at its outer edge to receive the third part of my com-
pound door or flap, which consists of an outer or marginal band or rim, the
inner edge of which fits against or into a rebate at the outer edge of

page_text: the meeting bar, and of such a size that when this rim and the other portions
of the door or flap are drawn forward the opening into the chimney will be
closed. These parts are supported at or turned on their lower edges, upon or
by means of pins, hinges, or in any other convenient manner, so that either the
centre part by itself, the outer or marginal band or rim by itself, may be thrown.
back or opened, leaving the other of those two parts standing or closed, or
both of those parts together with the meeting bar may be thrown back, in
order that the whole of the aperture into the chimney may be open. The
object of the meeting bar is to cover the narrow space between the inner or
central part and the outer or marginal band or rim, and that bar may either be
made with rebates to receive the edges of the inner or central part and the
outer band or rim, or it may be made flat so that those edges may lie against
it at the back. This compound flap or register may be constructed of more.
parts than three by employing a repetition of the meeting bar and an additional
outer or marginal band or rim.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn how my said improvements
may be applied to the construction of a stove grate.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a stove grate; Figure 2 shews a horizontal
section of the same taken in the line (y, z,) in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a vertical
section of the stove, showing all the parts of the compound flap or register
closed; Figure 4 is a similar section showing all the parts of the flap or register
thrown back or open; Figure 5 is a similar section, showing the inner part
only of the compound flap or register thrown back; and Figure 6 is also a
similar section, but showing the outer rim or part only of the flap or register
thrown back.
In these Figures, (A) is the central door or part of the flap or register;
(B) is the meeting bar; and (C) the outer rim or portion of the flap or
register; (D) is an arched radiating head or top plate, which at the top is
curved as shewn in the vertical sections, but the curvature diminishes down-
wards on each side, so that the splayed plates (E, E,) at the sides are flat at
those parts which are shewn in the horizontal section (Figure 2); (F and G)
are the cheeks and bars of the fire-place.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not claim the mechanical parts
or elements of which stove grates herein described are or may be constructed,
as being separate or apart from the combination and application thereof in
manner and for the purposes herein described as any part of the Invention com-
prised in the said Letters Patent, and that I claim as of my said Invention,―

page_text: First, the construction of stove grates with concave or domical, or partly
concave or domical radiating head or top plates, with flat splayed or bevilled
sides or cheeks, and as herein-before described.
Secondly, I claim the construction of compound register flaps or doors for
stove grates, with central and outer doors or parts moving upon their lower
edges so as to be opened or closed independently of each other, and with a
meeting bar or meeting bars moving upon their lower ends to cover the space
or spaces between such parts as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Jobson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
JOHN JOBSON. (L.S.)