IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CATTLE FOOD
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William MacKean, of Paisley, in the County of
Renfrew, Scotland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CATTLE FOOD."
Sealed the 2nd October 1869, and dated the 5th May 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William MacKean at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th May 1869.
I, WILLIAM MACKEAN, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew,
Scotland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CATTLE FooD," to be as follows, that is
to say :-
This Invention consists in an improved mode of manufacturing cattle
food from the residue of Indian corn or other grain employed in the
manufacture of starch. Hitherto so much of the residue as has been
used for cattle food has been dried and then ground into a meal or coarse
flour; but by the present Invention the material is formed into hard
cake resembling oil cake, and is thus in a more convenient and acceptable
form. For this purpose the glutinous, fatty, and other components of

page_text: the grain remaining after the usual more or less complete separation of
the starch are collected and drained, and the mixture thus obtained is
put into cloths or bags in shallow boxes or trays, and is therein sub-
mitted to severe pressure, which not only expresses the moisture almost
entirely but also causes the material to adhere together in the form of t
a solid cake. The cake thus obtained is finished by drying or baking it
in a stove or oven, and is then ready for sale.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William MacKean in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 15th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MACKEAN, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, Scotland, send greeting,
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William MacKean, Her special licence
that I, the said William MacKean, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William MacKean, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CATTLE FOOD," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William MacKean, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William MacKean, do hereby declare
..

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement in writing, that is to say :-
My said Invention consists in an improved mode of manufacturing
cattle food from the residue of Indian corn or other grain employed in
the manufacture of starch. Hitherto the said residue when used for
cattle food has either been employed in a moist state or it has been dried
and then reduced into a meal or coarse flour; but by my present
Invention the material is formed into hard cake resembling oil cake,
and is thus in a more convenient and acceptable form. For this purpose
the glutinous, fatty, and other components of the grain remaining after
the usual more or less complete separation of the starch are collected and
drained, and the mixture thus obtained is put into cloths or bags, which
are laid in shallow boxes, trays, or frames to give them a suitable form.
The mixture in the cloths or bags is then submitted to severe pressure
in any convenient press, boards or metal plates being placed between the
bags at intervals, and the pressure not only expresses the moisture almost
entirely but also causes the material to adhere together in the form of a
solid cake. The cake thus obtained is finished by drying or baking it in
a stove or oven, and is then ready for sale.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I have to state that I do not
restrict myself to the precise details herein-before described; but that
what I believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
making of the residue from grain employed in the manufacture of starch
into hard cake for cattle food, substantially in the manner herein-before
described.
In witness whereof I, the said William MacKean, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
W. MACKEAN. (L.S.)