IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR RUBBING, SCUDDING OR SCOURING, FLESHING, AND STRIKING OUT SKINS, HIDES, AND LEATHER
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Storer, Engineer, of the Town and
County of the Town of Nottingham, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR RUBBING, SCUDDING OR
SCOURING, FLESHING, AND STRIKING OUT SKINS, HIDES, AND LEATHER."

page_text: endless belts passed round rollers, which belts are moved right and left
over another endless belt, upon which the goods to be operated upon are
laid, the latter belt being passed round other rollers also slides over and
under a table, which is capable of adjustment upon and is held by
suitable standards, which are connected by stretchers or tie bars. The
standards also carry fixed or adjustable bearings for the rollers, which are
to revolve by means of belts from any prime mover; or the rollers may
be driven by toothed wheel gearing, or equivalent contrivance.
A second combination consists of three or more series of brushes,
knives, blades, or rubbers, each series being secured to and carried by 1
endless belts passed round rollers, which belts move right and left over
the surface of a cylinder upon which the goods to be operated upon are
laid. The cylinder revolves at right angles to the belts carrying the
brushes, knives, blades, or rubbers, and is capable of adjustment on
standards. The movements of the several parts are effected by either of 1
the methods described in the first combination.
A third combination consists of two or more series of brushes, knives,
blades, or rubbers; each series being secured to and carried by endless-
belts passing round rollers and moving at right angles over the surface
of a sliding table; which has reciprocating to-and-fro movements:
A fourth combination consists in substituting for the endless belt and
adjustable table described, in the second combination; or the sliding!
reciprocating table described in the third combination, a surface upon
which the goods to be operated upon are laid; formed of lags of wood or
other material, the ends of which slide in cam grooves attached to the
standards, the lags being propelled by arms projecting from a revolving:
axle or axles carried by the standards; or the lags may be attached to
and be carried by a belt or belts passed round the said axles, the move-
ments of the whole being obtained as before described.
Each series of brushes, knives, blades, or rubbers may be of such'
shape and 'so arranged as to slide in a groove or grooves, or frame or
frames, for the purpose of adjusting their pressure upon the goods

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;
filed by the said William Storer in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th January 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
STORER, Engineer, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and. successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Storer, Her special licence.
that I, the said William Storer, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Storer, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR RUBBING, SCUDDING OR SCOURING, FLESHING, AND
STRIKING OUT SKINS, HIDES, AND LEATHER," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Storer, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Storer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
forming a part of this Specification:-
In effecting the operations I employ several combinations of parts.
The first combination consists of three or more series of brushes,
amuktions och sories hoing scoured to and carried by

page_text: endless belts passed around rollers, which belts are moved right and left
over another endless belt, upon which the goods to be operated upon are
laid, the latter belt being passed round other rollers also slides over
and under a table, which is capable of adjustment upon and is
held by suitable standards, which are connected by stretchers or tie
bars. The standards also carry fixed or adjustable bearings for the
rollers, which are caused to revolve by means of belts from any prime
mover; or the rollers may be driven by toothed wheel gearing or equi-
lent contrivance.
A second combination consists of three or more series of brushes, ]
knives, blades, or rubbers, each series being secured to and carried by
endless belts passed round rollers, which belts move right and left over
the surface of a cylinder upon which the goods to be operated upon
are laid. The cylinder revolves at right angles to the belts carrying the
brushes, knives, blades, or rubbers, and is capable of adjustment on 1
standards. The movements of the several parts are effected by either of
the methods described in the first combination.
·
A third combination consists of two or more series of brushes, knives,
blades, or rubbers, each series being secured to and carried by endless
belts passing round rollers, and moving at right angles over the surface 2
of a sliding table, which has reciprocating to-and-fro movements.
A fourth combination consists in substituting for the endless belt and
adjustable table described in the first combination, or the cylinder
described in the second combination, or the sliding reciprocating
table described in the third combination, a surface upon which the 2
goods to be operated upon are laid; formed of lags of wood or
other material, the ends of which slide in cam grooves attached to the
standards, the lags being propelled by arms projecting from a revolving
axle or axles carried by the standards; or the lags may be attached to
and carried by a belt or belts passed round the said axles, the movements 8
of the whole being obtained as before described.
Each series of brushes, knives, blades, or rubbers may be of such
shape and so arranged as to slide in a groove or grooves, or frame or
frames, for the purpose of adjusting their pressure upon the goods
operated upon,
3

page_text: 1
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machine embodying the third and fourth modifications; and Figures 6
to 13 inclusive represent portions of the above machines, severally referred
to hereafter.
'
In Figures 1, 2, and 3, A, A, are two end standards connected by two
tie bars B, B, shewn by dotted lines in Figure 3. To the front of the stan-
dards are secured bearings, which are adjustable vertically, and in which
revolves the axle of a roller or cylinder C, behind which is a roller D
capable of adjustment by its bearings carried by the back of the
standards. An endless belt E, composed of one or more thicknesses of
linen or other fabric cemented together by india-rubber or other water-
proof cement, is passed round both the cylinder and roller; upon this
belt the goods to be operated upon are laid. The right end of the
cylinder axle carrics a toothed wheel C' driven by a worm C³ on the
lower end of a diagonal shaft carrying a toothed bevel wheel at its upper
end, which is driven by a bevel wheel I' on one end of a main driving
shaft F revolving in bearings F secured to the back of the standards,
thus causing the cylinder belt and roller to revolve in the direction of
the arrows.
The bearings F are turned on their inner ends to receive
and form bearings for the back ends of two arms G, G, the front ends of
which are secured to a boxed framing H flanged on the inside, upon
which flanges two bearings rest. These bearings are capable of adjust-
ment horizontally through each being provided with a flanged nut and
screw I, both of which are shewn in Figure 2; these bearings carry two
pulleys K, K¹. There are also two other pulleys L, L', the axle shafts
of which lie over the ends of the cylinder, and revolve in bearings
secured to the arms G. The back ends of the shafts carry toothed bevel
wheels, which gear into similar wheels on the main driving shaft F¹,
which may be provided either at one end or intermediately with pulleys
for a belt from any prime mover. Round the pulleys K, K', and L, L²,

page_text: are passed two belts, which move in reverse directions. On cach of these
belts are secured blocks M, which carry brushes, cutters, blades, rubbers,
or sleekers, according to the operation the machine is required to perform.
The boxed framing H is capable of adjustment to or from the endless
waterproof belt or cylinder by means of two wedges N, one of which is
placed under each end of the central web of the boxed framing. Each
wedge terminates in a screw at the front, and passes through the boss of
a hand wheel tapped to receive it, which is clipped by the two sides of a
bearing bracket N' secured to the front of the standard. Each of the
blocks M as they are successively carried to the lower side of the
adjustable pulleys K. and L pass under and are held down by the flanges
of the boxed framing H, and are prevented from falling below the webs
of the framing by strips of metal or angle iron screwed to the webs.
Instead of operating the wedges N as above described, I may prefer
to form the wedges with an internal screw thread to receive a screw
terminating at the front of the machine in a collar and hand wheel
carried by a capped bearing bracket N².
The above-described machine constitutes a machine constructed accord-
ing to my first modification; and by dispensing with the endless belt E,
and placing the goods to be operated upon on the cylinder, the same
forms a machine constructed according to my second modification; and
by dispensing with a sliding reciprocating table having to-and-fro move-
ments, by which much time would be lost in operating upon the goods,
my third modification resolves itself into my fourth, which consists of a
machine constructed as first described except that I substitute for the
'cylinder C a surface, upon which the goods to be operated upon are laid,
formed of lags of wood O or other suitable material, seen at Figures 4
and 5. The ends of the lags are each inserted in a cap O¹; an end
view enlarged, shewing a lag in section, is seen at Figure 8; an end
view of the cap without the lag at Figure 9; and a side view of one
cap and portion of a lag at Figure 10.
i
t
t
The upper
outer end of each cap is formed with a curve of the samė
radius as the ends of a cam groove P in which it slides, and the lower
side of the cap that stands out from the groove has two teeth formed
upon. it of the same pitch as the teeth of a wheel Q employed to drive it.
There are two of these wheels on the same shaft within the standards.

page_text: Carried by, bearings secured to the standards, and gearing into one of
the wheels, is a third toothed wheel Q on the inner end of a short shaft,
which carries on its outer end a toothed wheel driven by a worm, as
described in the first modification. The wheels Q as they revolve
engage successively with the teeth on the ends of the lags and force
them along the upper horizontal portion of the cam groove P, the upper
surfaces of the lags thus forming a level surface, upon which the goods
to be operated upon may be laid. An endless belt E, as described in my
first modification, is passed round the whole of the lags, and round the
roller D and in front of the laos.

page_text: vertically. Over the upper surface of this bracket the under central
portion of each lag slidės, being protected from undue wear by a metal
plate secured to its under side. By such means I am enabled to obtain
a perfectly level and unyielding surface upon which to perform certain
operations.
•
When brushes are employed the blocks M may be of wood, and be
pierced to receive the bristles, bass, whalebonc, or other materials of
which brushes are made, but when fleshing or paring blades or cutters
are employed I mount such blades or cutters upon recessed metal blocks,
one of which is seen in side section and front view at Figures 11, a
blade or cutter being seen in plan at Figure 11ª.
The pressing or cutting end of the blades or cutters may be of the
forms seen at Figure 13, but the working angle will vary according to
the work to be performed; the angle of that part of the block upon
which the instrument is to be mounted will also be varied accordingly.
The front working edge of the instruments may be formed of the
width shewn by dotted lines at Figure 11º, and of the reverse inclination to
the block which carriès it, in which case such instruments when employed
in rubbing, scudding, fleshing, striking out, paring, and similar operations,
will guide the grease, flesh, liquid, or refuse cut off or extracted clear of
the portion of skin, pelt, hide, or leather which has been operated

page_text: rollers, one in front or rear of each instrument; a side view of such
blocks and roller is seen at Figure 5.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Storer, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
Witness,
H. W. GOUGH, C.E.,
Nottingham.
WILLIAM STORER. (L.S.)