matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
MANUFACTURE OF INK INTO A CAKE OR SOLID BODY, CALLED BY THE NAME OF CAKE INK
Year: 1768

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
DRING, of Jermyn Street, in the Parish of Saint James, in the County of
Middlesex, Ink Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS is most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by the
grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, and so forth, by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great
Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of November, in
the ninth year of His said Majesty's reign, did give and grant unto me, the
said John Dring, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Ilis especial
licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said John Dring,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during
the term of years therein expressed, make, use, exercise, and vend, within
that part of His said Majesty's Kingdom called England, Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and Plantations abroad, my new invented
"MANUFACTURE OF INK INTO A CAKE OR SOLID BODY, CALLED BY THE NAME OF
CAKE INK;" in which said recited Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said John Dring, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months after the date
of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being there-
unto had) may more at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Dring, do hereby declare that my said new invented Manufacture of Ink

page_text: into a Cake or Solid Body, called by the Name of Cake Jnk, is made of the
materials and performed as follows, that is to say:
Take sweet oyl, vinegar, gauls, coperas, gum arabac, and allam, mix them
well together, and pour it into tin moulds to harden for use.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this First
day of March, in the ninth year of the reign of our said Sovereign
Lord King George the Third, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and sixty-nine.
Inrolled the aforesaid First day of March, in the year above written.
SEVERAL MULTIPLYING LEVERS OR ADDITIONS OF POWER THAT WILL EXPEDITE AND EXTEND MOTION AND REDUCE IBRATION, BY WHICH POWER IS GAINED WITHOUT A PROPORTIONABLE LOSS OF TIME, SUPERIOR TO WHAT HATH BEEN YET PRACTISED, WHICH WILL BE OF GREAT UTILITY IN AGRICULTURE, CARRIAGES, NAVIGATION, MILLS, ENGINES, AND OTHER THINGS WHERE MECHANICAL POWERS ARE OR CAN BE USED
Year: 1769

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Moore, of Cheapside, London, Linnen
Draper, and Warehouseman, of his new invention of "SEVERAL MULTIPLYING
LEVERS OR ADDITIONS OF POWER THAT WILL EXPEDITE AND EXTEND MOTION AND
REDUCE IBRATION, BY WHICH POWER IS GAINED WITHOUT A PROPORTIONABLE LOSS OF
TIME, SUPERIOR TO WHAT HATH BEEN YET PRACTISED, WHICH WILL BE OF GREAT
UTILITY IN AGRICULTURE, CARRIAGES, NAVIGATION, MILLS, ENGINES, AND OTHER
THINGS WHERE MECHANICAL POWERS ARE OR CAN BE USED;" to hold to him, his
executors, administrators, aud assigns, within England, Wales, and Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in the Colonies and Plantations abroad, for
the term of Fourteen Years pursuant to the Statute; with a clause to inroll
the same within four calendar months from the date thercof.
W., the Nineteenth day of June, in the year above.
W. H. M. at
By writ, &c.
Dated 19th June 1769.
(No Specification enrolled.)
A NEW METHOD OF MAKING SOAP WITHOUT BOILING, BY A PROCESS EASIER AND SHORTER THAN ANY HITHERTO PRACTISED;
Year: 1769

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
AURIOL, of the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, did,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
the Second day of December, in the tenth year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said James Auriol, His especial licence, that I, the said James
Auriol, during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A NEW METHOD OF MAKING SOAP WITHOUT
BOILING, BY A PROCESS EASIER AND SHORTER THAN ANY HITHERTO PRACTISED;" in
which said Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe, obliging me, the said
James Auriol, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention, and how the same is to be performed, to
be inrolled in His Maty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar
months after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same (relation being thereunto had) will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Auriol, do hereby declare that my said Invention of a New Method of
making Soap without Boiling, by a Process Easier and Shorter than any
hitherto Practised, is described in the manner following (that is to say) :-
Make a strong lye with potash, pearlash, or Spanish barrilla and quick lime,
two thirds of potash or barrilla, and one third lime, which lye, by pouring it

page_text: into oil of olives, and stirring the mixture with a wooden instrument, it will,
by a motion continued a sufficient time, harden itself and become soap, which
put into frames, and exposed to the open air, grows hard and superior in
quality to any soap made by boiling. The great art consists in giving it a
proper motion, and allowing a proper quantity of lye to the oil, which varies
continually, according to the different strength of the lye made use of, and also
the nature of the oil being more or less greasy, generally taking in weight the
proportion of about two and an half of lye to one of oil; but it depends totally
on the judgment of the maker, for if there is too much of one ingredient or
the other, and if the motion is continued too long, or not long enough, in all
these cases the soap will be spoiled. Instead of oil of olives may be used any
kind of animal fat, kitchen stuff, or tallow, with only this difference, that
tallow being very hard requires being melted to mix the easier, though even
then it is not boiled, and the lye is mixed with it quite cold.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Auriol, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Eighth day of March, One thousand seven hundred and
MACHINES OR ENGINES, MADE PARTLY OF WOOD AND PARTLY OF IRON, BRASS, COPPER, OR OTHER METAL, AND CON- STRUCTED UPON PECULIAR PRINCIPLES, CAPABLE OF BEING WROUGHT OR PUT IN MOTION BY FORCE OR POWER, WITHOUT BEING DRAWN BY HORSES OR ANY OTHER BEASTS OR CATTLE, AND WILL BE VERY USEFUL IN AGRICULTURE, CARRIAGE OF PERSONS AND GOODS, AND ALSO IN NAVIGATION, BY CAUSING SHIPS, BOATS, BARGES, AND OTHER VESSELS TO MOVE, SAIL, OR PROCEED WITH MORE SWIFTNESS OR DISPATCH THAN USUAL
Year: 1769

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Moore, of Cheapside, London, Linnen
Draper and Warehouseman, of his new invented "MACHINES OR ENGINES, MADE
PARTLY OF WOOD AND PARTLY OF IRON, BRASS, COPPER, OR OTHER METAL, AND CON-
STRUCTED UPON PECULIAR PRINCIPLES, CAPABLE OF BEING WROUGHT OR PUT IN MOTION
BY FORCE OR POWER, WITHOUT BEING DRAWN BY HORSES OR ANY OTHER BEASTS OR
CATTLE, AND WILL BE VERY USEFUL IN AGRICULTURE, CARRIAGE OF PERSONS AND
GOODS, AND ALSO IN NAVIGATION, BY CAUSING SHIPS, BOATS, BARGES, AND OTHER
VESSELS TO MOVE, SAIL, OR PROCEED WITH MORE SWIFTNESS OR DISPATCH THAN USUAL;"
to hold to him, his executors, administrators, and assigns, within England,
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in the Colonies and
Plantations abroad, for the term of Fourteen Years pursuant to the Statute;
with a clause to inroll the same within four calendar months from the date
thereof. W. H. M. at W., the 13th day of July, in the
year above.
THE PURPOSE OF ORNAMENTING EARTHEN AND PORCELAINE WARE WITH AN ENCAUSTIC GOLD BRONZE, TOGETHER WITH A PECULIAR SPECIES OF ENCAUSTIC PAINTING IN VARIOUS COLOURS IN IMITATION OF THE ANTIENT ETRUSCAN AND ROMAN EARTHENWARE
Year: 1769

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 'I, JOSIAH.
WEDGWOOD, of Burslem, in the County of Stafford, Potter to Her most
Excellent Majesty the Queen, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Sixteenth day of November, in the tenth year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said Josiah Wedgwood, His especial licence that I, the said
Josiah Wedgwood, during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention for "THE PURPOSE OF ORNAMENTING
EARTHEN AND PORCELAINE WARE WITH AN ENCAUSTIC GOLD BRONZE, TOGETHER WITH
A PECULIAR SPECIES OF ENCAUSTIC PAINTING IN VARIOUS COLOURS IN IMITATION
OF THE ANTIENT ETRUSCAN AND ROMAN EARTHENWARE;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging me, the said Josiah Wedgwood,
under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and how the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months after the
date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being
thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
Josiah Wedgwood, do hereby declare that my said Invention for the Purpose
of Ornamenting Earthen and Porcelain Ware with an Encaustic Gold Bronze,
together with a peculiar Species of Encaustic Painting in various Colours, in
Imitation of the Antient Etruscan and Roman Earthenware, is described in
the manner following (that is to say) :—

page_text: JOSIAH WEDGWOOD. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the same Thirteenth day of March,
in the year last above mentioned, the aforesaid Josiah Wedgwood came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the
Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen
William and Mary of England, and so forth.
NEW-INVENTED AROMATIC AND SWEET-SCENTED OILS
Year: 1769

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARNOLD
FINCHETT, late of the Spaw Fields, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, but
now of Fleet Street, London, Tin Plate Worker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, on the
Tenth day of February last past, in the ninth year of His said Majesty's
reign, did give and grant unto me, the said Arnold Finchett, His special
licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said Arnold
Finchett, my exors, adñors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during
the term of years therein expressed, use, exercise, and vend, throughout that
part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, the Domi-
nion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in His
Majesty's Plantations and Colonys abroad, my "NEW-INVENTED AROMATIC AND
SWEET-SCENTED OILS;" in which said recited Letters Patent is contained a
proviso obliging me, the said Arnold Finchett, by writing under my hand and
seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention to
be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calender
months after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
Statute, relation being thereunto had, may more at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoc I, the said
Arnold Finchett, do hereby declare that my said Invention is composed or
made in manuer following (that is to say) :-

page_text: If the oil to be scented is very rank, add an equal quantity of water to it
and let it stand a week, stiring it often, which will in great measure take off
the rank smell; then, in order to scent the same, add to thirty gallons of
common oil sixteen ounces of oil of lemon thyme, or sixteen ounces of oil
of lavender, or sixteen ounces of oil of rosemary, or sixteen ounces of oil of
spicknard, or sixteen ounces of oil of sage, or sixteen ounces of oil of hysop,
or sixteen ounces of oil of carroways, or sixteen ounces of oil of camomile, or
sixteen ounces of oil of sweet fennell seeds, or sixteen ounces of oil of mar-
joram, or sixteen ounces of oil of mint, or sixteen ounces of oil of origanum,
or sixteen ounces of oil of sassafras, or two ounces of camphire, but the scent
of this last will go off, yet it is pleasant for immediate use. All the above-
mentioned sweet-scented oils give different scents, and may be used in any
proportion to give combined scents.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arnold Finchett, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Second day of June, in the ninth year of the reign
our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of God of Great
Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, and so
forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and
sixty-nine.
A PIECE OF MECHANISM OR MACHINERY BY WHICH THE HARPSICHORD IS VERY MUCH IMPROVED
Year: 1769

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, BURKAT
SHUDI, of the Parish of Saint James, within the Liberty of Westminster, and
County of Middlesex, Harpsichord Maker, sendeth greeting.
WHEREAS, the said Burkat Shudi hath obtained His Majesty's Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the Eighteenth day
of December last past, for the sole making, using, and vending "A PIECE OF
MECHANISM OR MACHINERY BY WHICH THE HARPSICHORD IS VERY MUCH IMPROVED,"
invented by him, the said Burkat Shudi, within that part of the Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, His Majesty's Dominion of Wales, and Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, during the term of fourteen years next ensuing
the date of the said Letters Patent, pursuant to the Statute in that case
made and provided.
NOW, the said Burkat Shudi doth hereby declare, that the said piece of
mechanism or machinery invented by him, the said Burkat Shudi, doth consist
of a cover extending the breadth of the harpsichord, and from the front
board of the harpsichord to the ruler of an indefinite number of valves,
with which their frame extend the breadth of the harpsichord, and the length
hereof from the ruler to the small end, which valves are opened and shut

page_text: by a number of small levers equal to the number of valves inserted or fixed
in an axis, spindle, or bar turned by a pedal.
In witness whereof, the said Burkat Shudi hath hereunto set his
hand and seal, the Twelfth day of April, in the tenth year of the
reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of God
of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith,
and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred
and seventy.
CHARLES LAWRENCE.
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the Thirteenth day of April,
in the year last above mentioned, the aforesaid Burkat Shudi came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of
the Statute made in the sixth 'year of the reign of the late King and Queen
William and Mary of England, and so forth.
Talled L
AN ENTIRELY NEW SORT OF PURGING AND DIURETIC BALLS FOR THE CURE OF SEVERAL DISEASES INCIDENT TO HORSES
Year: 1769

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
RADLEY, of the Parish of Saint Andrew, Holborn, Chymist, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Sixteenth day of November, in the tenth year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said William Radley, His especial license that I, the said
William Radley, during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, my Invention of "AN ENTIRELY NEW SORT OF PURGING AND DIURETIC
BALLS FOR THE CURE OF SEVERAL DISEASES INCIDENT TO HORSES;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging me, the said William
Radley, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and how the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months
after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that, in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
William Radley, do hereby declare that my said Invention of an Entirely
New Sort of Purging and Diuretic Balls for the Cure of several Diseases
incident to Horses is described in the manner following (that is to say):-
Eighty pounds of juniper berries, one gallon of tincture of aloes, four
pounds of salt of tartar, sixteen pounds of carraway seeds, two pounds of jalap,

page_text: four pounds of parsley seeds, eight pounds of amber, four pounds of nitre,
one pound of ginger, half a pound of hartshorn highly calcined, and four
pounds of Venice turpentine, made by chymical process into the form of
balls.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Radley, have hereunto set 5
my hand,and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of January, One thousand
seven hundred and seventy.
A CENTRAL SECOND STOP WATCH, VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL, WITHOUT THE ASSISTANCE OF A COMPOUND MOTION
Year: 1769

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
FREEMAN, of the Parish of St. Botolph, Bishopgate, within the City of London,
Citizen and Clock Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
the Thirteenth day of December, in the tenth year of His reign, give and
grant unto me, the said James Freeman, His especial licence, that I, the
said James Freeman, during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, my Invention of "A CENTRAL SECOND STOP WATCH, VERTICAL
OR HORIZONTAL, WITHOUT THE ASSISTANCE OF A COMPOUND MOTION;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging me, the said
James Freeman, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and how the same is to be performed,
to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar
months after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same (relation being hereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Freeman, do hereby declare that my said Invention of a Central

page_text: Second Stop Watch, Vertical or Horizontal, without the Assistance of
Compound Motion, is described in the Plan thereof hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Freeman, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Third day of March, One thousand seven hundred
IRON, BRASS, COPPER, OR OTHER METAL, TO BE WROUGHT OR PUT IN MOTION BY FIRE, WATER, OR AIR, WITH A SMALL ASSISTANCE OF HORSES OR MANUAL LABOUR, WHICH WILL BE VERY USEFUL IN AGRICULTURE, CARRIAGE OF PERSONS, GOODS, AND NAVIGA- TION, BY CAUSING SHIPS, BOATS, BARGES, AND OTHER VESSELLS TO PROCEED WITH MORE SWIFTNESS
Year: 1769

page_text: IRON, BRASS, COPPER, OR OTHER METAL, TO BE WROUGHT OR PUT IN MOTION BY FIRE,
WATER, OR AIR, WITH A SMALL ASSISTANCE OF HORSES OR MANUAL LABOUR, WHICH
WILL BE VERY USEFUL IN AGRICULTURE, CARRIAGE OF PERSONS, GOODS, AND NAVIGA-
TION, BY CAUSING SHIPS, BOATS, BARGES, AND OTHER VESSELLS TO PROCEED WITH MORE
SWIFTNESS;" to hold to him, his executors, administrators, and assigns, within
England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in the Colonies
and Plantations abroad, for the term of Fourteen Years pursuant to the
Statute; with a clause to inroll the same within four calendar months from
the date hereof. W. H. M. at W., the 14th day of March, in the above.
By writ, &c.
year
A MACHINE FOR RULING PAPER FOR MUSICK AND OTHER PURPOSES, WHICH I CALL A TETLOW
Year: 1770

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TETLOW, of Shug Lane, in the Parish of Saint James, Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex, Coach Master, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Fifteenth day of June, in the tenth year of His reign, give and grant unto
me, the said John Tetlow, His especial licence, that I, the said John Tetlow,
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
use, exercise, and vend, within Englaud, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and also within all His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad,
my Invention of "A MACHINE FOR RULING PAPER FOR MUSICK AND OTHER
PURPOSES, WHICH I CALL A TETLOW;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a provisoe obliging me, the said John Tetlow, under my hand and
seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
how the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within four calendar months after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had), may
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
John Tetlow, do hereby declare that my said Invention of a Machine for

page_text: Ruling Paper for Musick and other Purposes, which I call a Tetlow,, is
described in the Plan thereof, with references thereto hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Tetlow, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of July, One thousand seven hundred

page_text: The preventer to keep the ink from rising in bubbles &
making the lines imperfect.
The trough that contains the ink & is fixed under the
roller when using.
The paper holder.
The cheeks to guide or keep true the paper holder when ruling
A part of the roller of its natural size.
One of the line wheels of its Do taken off the roller
(A kind of spring or fastener to keep the line wheel steady on the
roller by being put to the wheel at A when placed upon the roller:
The winches that support the roller which is soon put on or taken off.
Slips of pastboard which form the margents of the ruled paper.
A NEW SINGLE HARP- SICHORD, CONTAINING ALL THE STOPS OF A DOUBLE ONE, WHICH, BY THE USE OF ONE PEDAL ONLY, PRODUCES EVERY INCREASE, DIMINUTION, AND VARIATION OF TONE THAT A DOUBLE ONE IS CAPABLE OF PERFORMING
Year: 1770

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
HAXBY, of the City of York, Musical Instrument Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date on or
about the Twenty-eighth day of December, in the eleventh year of His
reign, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Haxby, His especial licence
that I, the said Thomas Haxby, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A NEW SINGLE HARP-
SICHORD, CONTAINING ALL THE STOPS OF A DOUBLE ONE, WHICH, BY THE USE OF
ONE PEDAL ONLY, PRODUCES EVERY INCREASE, DIMINUTION, AND VARIATION OF
TONE THAT A DOUBLE ONE IS CAPABLE OF PERFORMING;" in which said Letters
Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging me, the said Thomas Haxby,
under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and how the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation
being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
Thomas Haxby, do hereby declare that my said Invention of a New Single
Harpsichord, containing all the Stops of a Double One, which, by the Use of
One Pedal only, produces every Increase, Diminution, and Variation of Tone
that a Double One is capable of Performing, is described in the manner
following (that is to say):-

page_text: A single harpsichord, of two unisons, octave, lute, and harp, which, by the
use of one pedal only (which said pedal has a connection with several sliding
tumblers springs, &c.), produces ten variations of stops, also an increase and
diminution of tone (either gradually or instantaneously) from the softest stop
to the full harpsichord, or from the full harpsichord to the softest stop.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Haxby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of February, One thousand seven
hundred and seventy-one
TORTETER, & Master Extry.
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the said Sixteenth day of February,
in the year last mentioned, the aforesaid Thomas Haxby came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of
the Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen
William and Mary of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the Twenty-first day of February, in the year above mentioned.
A METHOD OF HATCHING AND REARING OF DOMESTIC FOWLS AND ALL OTHER BIRDS, BY AN ARTIFICIAL HEAT, WITHOUT THE ASSISTANCE OF THE MOTHER BIRD
Year: 1770

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CHAMPION the younger, of Newman Street, in the Parish of Saint Mary Le
Bon, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Ninth day of January, in the tenth year of His reign, give and grant unto
me, the said John Champion the younger, His especial licence that I, the
said John Champion the younger, during the term of years therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A METHOD
OF HATCHING AND REARING OF DOMESTIC FOWLS AND ALL OTHER BIRDS, BY AN
ARTIFICIAL HEAT, WITHOUT THE ASSISTANCE OF THE MOTHER BIRD;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging me, the said John
Champion the younger, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular descrip-
tion of the nature of my said Invention, and how the same is to be
performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
four calendar mouths after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same (relation being thereunto had), may more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
John Champion the younger, do hereby declare that my said Invention of a
Method of Hatching and Rearing of Domestic Fowls and all other Birds, by
an Artificial Heat, without the Assistance of the Mother Bird, is described in
the manner following (that is to say):-

page_text: I have now described the method of hatching and rearing common fowls;
and it is exactly in the same manner I treat all other domestic birds, except
the webb-footed, and the only difference I make with them is, in the rearing,
to supply them with a larger quantity of water, and as they in general are
very hardy, they may be turned out into the yard when they are twenty days
old. Birds which are not of the domestic kind are hatched in the same
manner, but as they cannot peck like chickens immediately after they come
out of the shell, they must be fed several times a day by hand, as we
feed singing birds, till they are old enough to feed themselves. By long
experience I am convinced that it is quite immaterial to eggs that are to be
hatched whether the necessary degree of warmth is communicated by the hen
sitting on them, by a heat procured from the fermentation of dung, &c., or by
the heat of a fire; they all have the same effect. For many reasons I prefer
the heat produced by fire to that of dung, &c.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Champion the younger, have here-
unto sett my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of April, One
thousand seven hundred and seventy.
JOHN CHAMPION, JUN³. (L.S.)
AN AXLETREE OF A NEW CONSTRUCTION, WITH A WASHER BOX AND COLLARS TO BE FIXED ON THE ARMS OF THE AXLETREE, AND BY TRUCK WHEELS INCLOSED IN THE SAID Box, TO BE APPLICABLE TO THE COMMON AXLETREES NOW IN USE, BUT NOT UPON CENTERS, BY WHICH INVENTION THE GREASE OR OYL WILL CONTINUE FOR MANY MONTHS WITHOUT ANY FRESH SUPPLY OF GREASE OR OYL
Year: 1770

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
WILDEY, of the Parish of Saint Giles in the Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Whitesinith and Coachspring Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Twenty-sixth day of January, in the tenth year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said Henry Wildey, His especial licence, that I, the said Henry
Wildey, during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, my Invention of "AN AXLETREE OF A NEW CONSTRUCTION, WITH A
WASHER BOX AND COLLARS TO BE FIXED ON THE ARMS OF THE AXLETREE, AND
BY TRUCK WHEELS INCLOSED IN THE SAID Box, TO BE APPLICABLE TO THE COMMON
AXLETREES NOW IN USE, BUT NOT UPON CENTERS, BY WHICH INVENTION THE GREASE
OR OYL WILL CONTINUE FOR MANY MONTHS WITHOUT ANY FRESH SUPPLY OF GREASE
OR OYL;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging
me, the said Henry Wildey, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and how the same is to
be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within four calendar months after the date of the said recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more
fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Wildey, do hereby declare that my said Invention of An Axletree of

page_text: a New Construction, with a Washer Box and Collars to be fixed on the
Arms of the Axletree, and by Truck Wheels inclosed in the said Box, to
be applicable to the Common Axletrees now in Use, but not upon Centers, by
which Invention the Grease or Oyl will continue for many Months without
any Fresh Supply of Grease or Oyl, is described in the Plan thereof hereunto
annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Wildey, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-second day of May One thousand seven
A NEW METHOD OF TUNING AND KEEPING IN TUNE ALL KINDS OF HARPSICHORDS, SPINNETS, FORTE-PIANOS, &c.
Year: 1771

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
WAKEFIELD, late of the Borough of Tamworth, in the Counties of Warwick
and Stafford, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
the Second day of May, in the eleventh year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said Richard Wakefield, His especial licence that I, the said
Richard Wakefield, during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations
abroad, my Invention of "A NEW METHOD OF TUNING AND KEEPING IN TUNE
ALL KINDS OF HARPSICHORDS, SPINNETS, FORTE-PIANOS, &c.;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a provisoe obliging me, the said Richard
Wakefield, under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of
the nature of my said Invention, and how the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months
after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same
(relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
Richard Wakefield, do hereby declare that my said Invention of A New
Method of Tuning and Keeping in Tune all Kinds of Harpsichords, Spinnets,
Forte-pianos, &c., is described in the manner following (that is to say):-

page_text: It consists, in harpsichords and spinnets, instead of quils to vibrate the
wires, ivory or metal, properly adapted with springs, is made use of; and of a
small screw (which is sometimes made of ivory, sometimes of mettal) to one
end of each wire in harpsichords, spinnetts, or forte-pianos, &c.; and one of
these screws is fixed, which, when turned round from the right to left, draws
the wire in tune, and there retains it.
It consists, in harpsichords and spinnets, instead of quils to vibrate the
wires, ivory or metal, properly adapted with springs, is made use of; and of a
small screw (which is sometimes made of ivory, sometimes of mettal) to one
end of each wire in harpsichords, spinnetts, or forte-pianos, &c.; and one of
these screws is fixed, which, when turned round from the right to left, draws
the wire in tune, and there retains it.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Wakefield, have hereunto sett
my hand and seal, the second day of August, One thousand seven
hundred and seventy-one.
Inrolled the Third day of August, in the year above said.
A CHAIN PUMP, INTIRELY UPON A NEW CONSTRUCTION, FOR RAISING WATER OUT OF SHIPS, OR DRAINING OF LANDS, OR FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSE WHERE A CHAIN PUMP CAN BE APPLIED OR MADE OF USE
Year: 1771

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COLE, of the Parish of Saint Mary, Lambeth, in the County of Surry, Engine
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Seventeenth day of January, in the cleventh year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, John Bentinck, Esquire, Captain in His Majesty's Royal Navy, and
me, the said William Cole, His especial licence that we, the said John
Bentinck and William Cole, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "A CHAIN PUMP, INTIRELY
UPON A NEW CONSTRUCTION, FOR RAISING WATER OUT OF SHIPS, OR DRAINING OF
LANDS, OR FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSE WHERE A CHAIN PUMP CAN BE APPLIED OR MADE
OF USE;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging
us, the said John Bentinck and William Cole, or one of us, under our hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, to cause a particular
description of the nature of our said Invention, and how the same is to be
performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
four calendar months after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
William Cole, do hereby declare that our said Invencon of A Chain Pump,

page_text: intirely upon a New Construction, for Raising Water out of Ships, or
Draining of Lands, or for any other Purpose where a Chain Pump can be
applied or made of Use, is described in the Plan thereof hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Colc, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of May, One thousand seven hundred and
seventy-one
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the same First day of May, in the
year above written, the aforesaid William Cole came before our said Lord the
King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all
and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also the
Specification aforesaid was stampt accord to the tenor of the Statute made
in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen William and Mary
of England, and so forth.
A CLOCK WHICH STRIKES THE HOURS AND PARTS UPON A PRINCIPLE ENTIRELY NEW; AND A WATCH WHICH REPEATS THE HOURS AND PARTS, SO CONCISELY CONTRIVED AND DISPOSED AS TO ADMIT OF BEING CONVENIENTLY CONTAINED NOT ONLY IN A WATCH BUT ALSO IN ITS APPENDAGE, SUCH AS A KEY, SEAL, OR TRINKET
Year: 1771

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EARDLEY
NORTON, of Saint Jolin's Street, in the Parish of Saint Sepulchre, in the
County of Middlesex, Clock and Watchmaker, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did; by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
the Second day of May, in the eleventh year of His reign, give and
grant unto me, the said Eardley Norton, His especial licence that I, the
said Eardley Norton, during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, my Invention of "A CLOCK WHICH STRIKES THE HOURS AND
PARTS UPON A PRINCIPLE ENTIRELY NEW; AND A WATCH WHICH REPEATS THE
HOURS AND PARTS, SO CONCISELY CONTRIVED AND DISPOSED AS TO ADMIT OF BEING
CONVENIENTLY CONTAINED NOT ONLY IN A WATCH BUT ALSO IN ITS APPENDAGE, SUCH
AS A KEY, SEAL, OR TRINKET;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained
a provisoe obliging me, the said Eardley Norton, under my hand and seal, to
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and how
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within four calendar months after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE,' that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
Eardly Norton, do hereby declare that my said Invention of a Clock which
Strikes the Hours and Parts upon a Principle entirely New; and a Watch

page_text: which Repeats the Hours and Parts, so concisely Contrived and Disposed as
to admit of being conveniently Contained not only in a Watch but also in its
Appendage, such as a Key, Seal, or Trinket, is described in the Plan thereof,
hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Eardley Norton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of August, One thousand seven
hundred and seventy-one.
EARDLEY NORTON. (L.S.)
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the same Thirty-first day of August,
in the year above written, the aforesaid Eardley Norton came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification of his
Invenčon aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the
tenor of the Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of the late King
and Queen William and Mary of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the aforesaid Thirty-first day of August, in the year above
said.
CASOMOTTY
THE ART OF MAKING STEEL DIRECTLY FROM PIG OR CAST IRON
Year: 1771

page_text: GOODYER'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
GOODYER, of Guildford, in the County of Surry, Ironmonger, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Twentieth day of December, in the twelfth year of His reign, give and
grant unto me, the said James Goodyer, His especial licence that I, the
said James Goodyer, during the term of years therein expressed, should'
and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "THE ART OF MAKING STEEL DIRECTLY
FROM PIG OR CAST IRON;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
provisoe obliging me, the said James Goodyer, under my hand and seal, to
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and how
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Maly's High Court of
Chancery within four calendar months after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
James Goodyer, do hereby declare that my said Invention of the Art of
Making Steel directly from Pig or Cast Iron is described in the manner
following (that is to say) :--
Place the pig or cast iron in the fire as when you intend to make bar iron,
but the blast of the bellows must not be so strong; when some of the iron is

page_text: sunk in the fire you must work from the bottom, as when you make iron, but
keep melting iron as at first; when there is a sufficient quantity to make a loop
let the whole sink to the bottom, and take it under the hammer as soon as
possible to shingle and draw it as you do common iron; the fire must be kept
as free from cinder as possible. The addition of common salt or other saline
substances, any of the parts of animals or charcoal dust, makes the steel better
for many purposes; for the finest steel, after it is made as above, it may be
converted in the same manner as common steel is made from bar iron.
A METHOD OF CASTING AND MAKING THE FOLLOWING NAILS, VIZ, SHEATHING, ROSE, SHARP, TRUNK, BULLEN, HOB, SCUPPER, CLOUT, FLEMISH, AND SPARROW-BILL NAILS, FROM PIG IRON, COMMONLY CALLED CAST METAL
Year: 1771

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
ASHTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Caster, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of June, in the eleventh year of His reign,
did give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Ashton, His especial licence
that I, the said Joseph Ashton, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within that part of His
Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His said Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "A METHOD OF CASTING AND MAKING
THE FOLLOWING NAILS, VIZ, SHEATHING, ROSE, SHARP, TRUNK, BULLEN, HOB,
SCUPPER, CLOUT, FLEMISH, AND SPARROW-BILL NAILS, FROM PIG IRON, COMMONLY
CALLED CAST METAL;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a pro-
viso obliging me, the said Joseph Aston, under my hand and seal, to cause a
particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and how the same is
to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within a certain time in the said proviso mentioned, and not yet expired, as
in and by the said Letters Patent (relation being thereunto had) may more
fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Ashton, do hereby declare that my said method of casting and making
of the nails above mentioned is to be performed in the following manner (that
is to sav):

page_text: Melt pig iron, commonly called cast metal, in crucibles, in an air furnace, or
in a metallurgic furnace, and run the metal, when so melted, into moulds filled
with sand or loam, wherein the impressions of the above-mentioned nails have
been first taken off from leaden or other soft metal patterns, and then neal
the same nails in a fire made of coke or coal by a gradual heat, whereby such
nails will become sufficiently tough and maleable, and be completely finished.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto put my hand and seal, the Twenty-
first day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
A METHOD OF MAKING OF MANEELAS WITH CAST IRON
Year: 1771

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TURTON, of the City of Bristol, Ironmonger, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said John Turton, did, by my Petition, humbly represent
to His present Majesty that I had invented "A METHOD OF MAKING OF MANEELAS
WITH CAST IRON," which I apprehended might be of great benefit to this nation,
and therefore humbly praying His said Majesty to grant unto me, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, His Letters Patent for the sole making and
vending the same; to which prayer His Majesty has been most graciously
pleased to condescend, and, by His Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal
of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the Second day of January, in
the eleventh year of His reign, hath given and granted unto me, the said John
Turton, my executors, adiňors, and assigns, His special licence, full power, sole
priviledge and authority, that I, the said John Turton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my said Invention within that
part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Domi-
nion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or any of them, shall in our discre-
tions seem meet; in which said Letters Patent is contained a provisoe that if I,
the said John Turton, shall not particularly describe the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in the
High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next after the date of
the said Letters Patent, that then the same should be void.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said provisoe, I, the said
John Turton, do hereby describe the nature of my said Invention to be as
follows, viz
That the said maneelas are made of iron cast in moulds suitable to the shape
thereof, and then smoothed off with files.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Turton, have hereunto set my hand
and cool this Florenth day of March 1771
stampt, in the presence of us,
THOS RICKARDS.
JOHN RICKARDS.
AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the Eighteenth day of March, in the
year above written, the afores John Turton came before our said Lord the King
in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and
every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also the Specifi-
tion aforesaid was stampt according to the tenor of the Statute made in
the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen William and Mary
of England, and so forth.