IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING AND DISTRIBUTING TYPE
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING
AND DISTRIBUTING TYPE." A communication from abroad by Louis Heinemann,
of Hamburg, Germany.
Sealed the 11th May 1877, and dated the 13th November 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1876.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING AND DISTRIBUTING TYPE."
from abroad by Louis Heinemann, of Hamburg, Germany.
"IMPROVE-
A communication
This Invention has reference to apparatus constructed and operating somewhat
similar to apparatus patented by me on the 5th February 1876, No. 525.
The improvements as applied to type composing apparatus are as follows:-The
frame of the apparatus is as before jointed. below, but by preference more toward
the front, and is supported behind at any required angle by means of struts. The
upper part of the frame carries a series of fixed type holders or cases, and the lower
part is fitted or formed with dovetail or other guides for a sliding receiver which
can be moved across the machine.
The type cases terminate below in bottom plates on which the type rests, these
plates are according to this present Invention so constructed that thick types lie
lower than thin ones; the pushing bar on the sliding receiver can thus with
certainty push them all forward whether thick or thin. These bottoin plates are
made to project slightly over the cases for the purpose of further guiding the type
while being deposited in the loose type holder of the receiver.
There is a narrow space or slit between each two of these bottom plates, as
described in the aforesaid Specification. A tooth rack runs across the apparatus ;
this rack has a number of teeth, the spaces between which correspond with the fixed
type cases, and the teeth are tapering to a narrow part or point towards the top
and are parallel below. The sliding receiver is fitted with a lever handle or with a
knob fitted or formed with a nose or projection that can be pushed down into any

page_text: one of the rack teeth spaces without any great care or exactitude on the part of the
operator, and while thus passing down adjusts the position of the sliding receiver,.
and when the aforesaid nose enters the lower or parallel part of the space between.
any two such teeth the pusher of the receiver may pass freely through the corre-
sponding slit between two bottom plates of the fixed. type cases. The same hand
lever operates a segment wheel gearing into the rack part of the pusher which forces
forward the type; this pusher rack is according to this present Invention made with
play or dead motion corresponding to the action of the aforesaid nose of the hand
lever when sliding down the inclined part of a tooth in the tooth rack, so that the
effectual action of the pusher does not commence until the entry of the nose in the
parallel part of the tooth space..
The loose type holder in the receiver is according to this present Invention
formed with one or more grooves down one or both sides for the purpose of forming
the guide or guides for a flat bent up spring formed with a projecting rib or ribs
working in the groove or grooves. This spring or spring slide is bent over at the
top or open end for the purpose of forming a support for the type resting thereon in
its downward course in the loose type holder; this supporting plate at an angle
with the back of the loose type holder, the incline being down towards the back in
order further to guide and properly deposit the type.
The aforesaid lever handle or knob also actuates the depressing bar, as described
in the Specification of my former Patent aforesaid. A bell or other alarm is attached
to the bottom part of the bar which supports the loose type holder; this bell is
actuated automatically by the spring slide when it approaches the bottom of the
loose type holder, thus indicating that the latter is filled with type.
Those fixed type holders which require great depth are by preference arranged in
the middle of the apparatus, and those requiring less type are shorter and placed on
each side; the space thus gained on each side is or may be utilized for holding
manuscript and for loose type holders and other utensils. The bed plate of the
apparatus may be made as an open frame, and the inside space be utilized for
different purposes appertaining to the working of the apparatus.
To facilitate the filling of the fixed type cases a clamp appliance is used having
two plates and a kind of pair of tongs or tweezers; the tongs being opened the plates
are placed one on each side of a row of type in a reserve box, and the tongs are then
closed, which may be done by a spring, and thus the plates are made to nip and
firmly hold the row of type between same; they can then be transferred to one of
the type cases on the apparatus.
The type distributing apparatus is also made similar to the one described in the
aforesaid former Patent Specification.
According to this present Invention the opening from the gutter of the sliding
receiver of the distributing machine is regulated by means of a sliding bar, a pro-
jecting nose on which when operating is made to rest on supports, which according
to the size of the type vary in height. The bar is pushed down by a spring..
Below the bar there is a tumbler or lever with a cam or nose acted upon by a cam
on the pusher, when this latter is brought home, having pushed the type into the
holder; the aforesaid regulating bar is thus raised again. Or the opening may be
regulated by making the plate movable on which the type rests when the pusher is
withdrawn, regulating bar is then left out, but other part of the mechanism is
similar to the one just described. There is also for this purpose applied a tooth rack
acting in a similar manner and for a similar purpose, as herein described, for the
type composing apparatus.

page_text: •
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th May
1877.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMPOSING AND DISTRIBUTING TYPE." A communication
from abroad by Louit Heinemann, of Hamburg, Germany.
This Invention has reference to apparatus constructed and operating somewhat
similar to apparatus patented by me on the 9th February 1876, No. 525.
The iniprovements as applied to type composing apparatus are as follows:-The
frame of the apparatus is as before jointed below, but by preference more towards
the front, and is supported behind at any required angle by means of struts. The
upper part of the frame carries a series of fixed type holders or cases, and the lower
part is fitted or formed with dovetail or other guides for a sliding receiver, which
can be moved across the machine.
The type cases terminate below in bottom plates, on which the type rests; these
plates are according to this present. Invention so constructed that thick types lie
lower than thin ones, the pushing bar on the sliding receiver can thus with certainty
push them all forward, whether thick or thin. These bottom plates are or may be
made to project slightly over the cases for the purpose of further guiding the type
while being deposited in the loose type holder of the receiver.
:
There is a narrow space or slit between each two of these bottom plates, as
described in the aforesaid Specification. A tooth rack runs across the apparatus;
this rack has a number of teeth, the spaces between which correspond with the
fixed type cases, and the teeth are tapering to a narrow part or point towards their
tops, and are parallel below. The sliding receiver is fitted with a lever handle or
with a knob fitted or formed with a nose or projection that can be pushed into any
one of the rack teeth spaces without any great care or exactitude on the part of the
operator, and while thus pushed into such a space adjusts the position of the sliding
receiver, and when the aforesaid nose enters the parallel part of the space between
any two such teeth the pusher of the receiver may pass freely through the corre-
sponding slit between two bottom plates of the fixed type cases. The same hand
lever operates a segment wheel gearing into the rack part of the pusher which forces
forward the type. This pusher rack is, according to this present Invention, made
with play or dead motion corresponding to the action of the aforesaid nose of the
hand lever when sliding along the inclined part of a tooth in the tooth rack, so that
the effectual action of the pusher does not commence until the entry of the nose in
the parallel part of the tooth space.
The loose type holder in the receiver is according to this present Invention
formed with one or more grooves down one or both sides for the purpose of forming
the guide or guides for a flat bent-up spring formed with a projecting rib or ribs
working in the groove or grooves. This spring or spring slide is bent over at the
top or open end for the purpose of forming a support for the type resting thereon
in its downward course in the loose type holder. The supporting plate is at an
angle with the direction of the fixed type holders, the incline being down towards
the back in order further to guide and properly deposit the type.
The aforesaid lever handle or knob also. actuates the depressing bar, as
described in the Specification of my former Patent aforesaid. A bell or other
alarum is attached to the bottom part of the bar which supports the loose type
holder; this bell is actuated automatically by the spring slide when it approaches
the bottom of the loose type holder, thus indicating that the latter is filled with
type.
Those fixed type holders which require great depth are by preference arranged
in the middle of the apparatus, and those requiring less type are shorter and placed
on each side; the space thus gained on each side is or may be utilized for holding
manuscript and for loose type holders and other utensils. The bed plate of the

page_text: apparatus may be made as an open frame, and the inside space be utilized for
different purposes appertaining to the working of the apparatus.
To facilitate the filling of the fixed type cases a clamp appliance is used, having
two plates, and a kind of pair of tongs or tweezers; the tongs being opened the
plates are placed one on each side of a row of type in a reserve box, and the tongs
are then closed, which may be done by a spring, and thus the plates are made to
nip and firmly hold the row of type between same; they can then be transferred to
one of the type cases in the apparatus.
The type-distributing apparatus is also made similar to the one described in the
aforesaid former Patent Specification.
According to this present Invention the opening from the gutter of the sliding
receiver of the distributing machine is regulated by means of a sliding bar, a pro-
jecting nose on which when operating is made to rest on supports, which according
to the size of the type vary in height. The bar is pushed down by a spring.
Below the bar there is a tumbler or lever with a cam or nose acted upon by a cam
on the pusher when this latter is brought home, having pushed the type into the
holder; the aforesaid regulating bar is thus raised again. Or the opening may be
regulated by inaking the plate movable on which the type rests when the pusher is
withdrawn, the regulating bar is then left out, but other part of the mechanism is
similar to the one just described. There is also for this purpose applied a tooth rack
acting in a similar manner and for a similar purpose as herein described for the
type-composing apparatus.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section of this improved
type-composing machine; Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same; and Figures 3,
3a, aud 4 are detail views of parts of the mechanism.
Figures 1 and 2ª are part vertical section and part front elevation of a modified
arrangement of the type-composing machine.
"
A is the frame of the apparatus jointed on pivots B placed near the front; C are
struts for supporting the frame behind at any required angle; F are the fixed type
holders; and E, the receiver which slides on guides across the frame of the machine.
The bottom plates of the fixed type holders are so arranged or placed that the
thick types lie lower in their holders than the thin types in their holders; when
the pushing bar on the sliding receiver thus comes in contact with a thick type, the
latter will not as heretofore be struck near its bottom edge, causing [the type
occasionally to "kick up or jump up, but will be struck more nearly in or above
the middle of its thickness vertically measured, and thus all the types may be evenly
and surely deposited in the loose type holder D of the receiver; G is the tooth rack
which runs across the apparatus and is formed with a number of teeth; G¹, the
tooth spaces corresponding with (though not here shown exactly opposite to) the
fixed type holders F; the teeth G' are tapered or rounded at the outer part, but
parallel past this part; I is a lever handle or knob having a nose or projection J,
which by the operator can be pushed into any desired tooth space corresponding to
any desired type holder F, as indicated in the index plate g on the bar f without
his having to exercise any great care or exactitude, as the nose J, because of the
tapered or rounded off teeth G¹ readily finds its place between any two teeth, but
when the nose J is pushed into the parallel part of the tooth space wherein it fits,
the position of the receiver with its loose type holder is determined exactly opposite
the fixed type holder required; the pusher K of the receiver may then pass freely
through the slit between the two bottom plates of the fixed type holder in question;
the pusher K is so arranged with a dead motion or play that its effectual action does
not commence until the nose J has entered the parallel part of a tooth space; the
type opposite it, the bottom one in the type case F, is then pushed out of the latter
and into the loose type holder D in the receiver; this type holder D is formed with
a groove down its side, see Figure 4, the groove forming a guide for a bent up flat
spring M, a projecting rib of this spring working in the groove, and the spring M
forming a sliding support whereon the types rest, and fitting in the type holder D,
with sufficient friction to carry the superincumbent load of types resting on its

page_text: upper face, which latter in this case is at an angle with the direction of the fixed
type holders F inclined towards the back in order further to guide and properly
deposit the type. The type being thus placed in the type holder D of the receiver
the depressing bar N is brought into action, also operated by the handle I, and as
described in my said previous Patent Specification. A bell or alarum O is attached
to the bottom part of the bar P supporting the type holder D, and is actuated
automatically by the spring slide M when it approaches the bottom of D, thus.
indicating audibly that the latter is full.
The type holders F are of different depths, as shewn, and thus space is
gained on each side, which is here utilized for holding manuscript and loose type
holders.
Figure 1 is a part vertical section, and Figure 2a is a part front elevation of a
modified arrangement of part of the type-composing machine; Figure 4a is a
perspective view of the sliding support M as made for this machine.
I shall only describe such parts which are different from the previously described
Figures. The rack G is in this case placed behind the receiver, leaving the front of
same quite free; the teeth G¹ point downwards in this case. The lever I is made
doubled armed, and is formed with a nose J which fits the parallel parts of the
spaces between the teeth G₁, and answers the same purpose as the nose J¹, shewn at
Figure 1; the teeth G¹ are tapered or rounded off at their outer ends, as shewn.
The loose type holder D is here arranged partly under the row of fixed type holder F,
and at an angle with them, as shewn; in consequence of this angle the top of the
sliding type support or spring M in the loose type holder D is made vertical or
about vertical to the direction of the holder D, but it forms about the same angle
with the fixed type holders F, as shewn in Figure 1. By this arrangement the
types are well guided while being deposited in the type holder D. The spring t is
here shown flat over the opening on the receiver E.
Figure 5 shews a clamp appliance for holding type between two plates a, forming
part of a kind of pair of tongs or tweezers b, and tongs being opened, which is done
by compressing their handles in the hand, the plates a are placed one on each side
of a row of type in a reserve box, then close the tongs b.
Figure 6 shows in side view and end view another pair of tweezers for the same
purpose; c is a spring which tends to hold them closed to retain the type therein;
these tweezers are to be used for transferring type from a reserve box to the type
cases F.
Figure 7 is a side view; Figure 8, a front view; and Figure 9, a detail of a type
distributing machine constructed according to this Invention. a is a sliding bar,
shown more clearly at Figure 9, serving to regulate the opening from the gutter or
type holder of the sliding receiver E; the bar a is below, formed with a projecting
nose b, which when the machine is in operation rests on supports or steps c on the
type holders i; these steps vary in height according to the size of the type E;
Figure 9 is a spring which pushes down the bar a; f is a tumbler or lever situated
below the bar and formed with a cam or nose, as shown, which is acted on by a
cam or projection on the pusher bar 1, when the latter is pushed home, and
thereby pushes the type into one of the type holders i; the bar a is thus raised by
the cam g at the extreme end of the stroke of the pusher h. Or the bar a may be
omitted, and the opening may then be regulated by making the plate movable on
which the type rests when the pusher is withdrawn.
The rack used in the type composing machine may be also applied for the type
distributing machine for a similar purpose. The machine is otherwise constructed
on the same general plan as the type composing machine. The machine is at
Figures 7 and 9 shown in the forward position of the pusher. which has been
withdrawn from under the type; the return stroke of the pusher by turning a knob I
completes the action.
The type composing apparatus may also be made to serve alternately as a type
distributing apparatus by laying it down flat, shifting the position of the bar f, that

page_text: carries a scale plate g which is marked to correspond with the type holders F, and
by replacing the composing sliding receiver by a distributing slide.
And having thus fully described the nature of this Invention, I declare that
I claim,―
Firstly. Forming or arranging the bottom plates h¹ of the type holders F, so
that the thicker types lie lower than the thinner ones, as and for the purpose
set forth.
Secondly. Arranging or actuating the rack K or equivalent appliance with play
or dead or lost motion, so that it does not come into action till the receiver E has
become accurately fixed in position to allow the said rack K freely to enter the slot
between two bottom plates of the type holders F, all as and for the purposes
set forth.
Thirdly. Forming the loose type holder D and the type support M with one or
more grooves and corresponding guiding ribs as set forth."
Fourthly. Arranging the upper surface of the said type support M at an angle
relatively to the type in the holders F, as and for the purposes set forth.
Fifthly. The sliding bar a and parts connected therewith, arranged and operating
as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-seven,
PETER JENSEN. (L.S.)

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