IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING YARNS FOR MULE BANDING AND SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Brierley, of Blackburn, in the County of Lan-
caster, Spinner and Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING YARNS FOR MULE
BANDING AND SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Sealed the 4th July 1856, and dated the 29th February 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Brierley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th February 1856.
I, JOHN BRIERLEY, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner
and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING.
YARNS FOR MULE BANDING, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
I arrange two, three, o more bobbins, each filed with what are technically.
called "strands;" each of these bobbins is fixed to a rim or pully, and at;
right angles with it, so that as each rim or pully revolves, and each bobbin
turns on its axis, the bobbins have a double motion, and as each strand is
conveyed to and wound on another bobbin, they receive the necessary twist by.
this operation; but the twist being only confined to the strands, and all in the
same direction, the band is not complete until it receives a twist the contrary,
way, which I accomplish by taking the last-mentioned bobbin from its present.

page_text: position, placing it on the other end of the shaft, and giving it a reversed
motion, which completes the doubling operation. The arrangement and con-
struction of this machine will be understood by reference to the accompanying
outline Drawing, in which a represents the frame; b, the bobbins containing the
strands, which are driven or made to revolve by the strap c on the rims or pullys
d, the revolutions of which, combined with the taking-up motion, give the neces
sary twist in one direction. The said strands are all conveyed to and wound on
the bobbin e, which, when full, I take and place it on the opposite end of the
shaft, and by reversing the mot on complete the doubling operation. The
roller is to give the requisite pressure to the bobbin e as the strands are
wound on it, the said pressure being regulated by the lever and weight g, the.
weighted roller rising in the groove has the bobbin e encreases in diameter
by being filled. The necessary drag is put on the bobbins by means of woollen
washers or similar contrivance.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Brierley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th August 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOIN
BRIERLEY, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner and Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Brierley, Her special licence that I, the said John Brierley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Brierley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING YARNS FOR MULE BANDING, AND SIMILAR
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Brierley,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner

page_text: the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Royal Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Brierley, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
(that is to say)
My Invention consists of arranging two, three, or more bobbins, each filled
with a sufficient number of threads to form what is technically called a
"strand;" these bobbins are attached to rims or pulleys, either at right angles
or parallel to them, in such manner that each bobbin can turn on its axis and
revolve with the rim or pulley to which it is connected, the said bobbins
having thus a double motion. As each strand is conveyed to and wound upon
another bobbin, they uncoil and receive the necessary twist, but which being
only. confined to the strands, and all in the same direction, the band is not
complete until two or more twisted strands are again twisted or doubled in a
contrary direction, which I accomplish by placing the bobbin upon which the
two or more twisted strands are wound on the other end of one of the shafts
to which the rims or pulleys are connected, which twists or doubles the said
strands in a reverse direction, and completes the twisting and doubling
operation, thus forming the banding more uniform, of better quality, and
with greater economy than by any of the methods hitherto employed.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, with the figures and letters of reference thereon..
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation of my improved machine or apparatus, in.
which the bobbins are placed at right angles to the shaft and parallel with the
pulleys to which they are connected; Fig. 2 is a transverse elevation, and
Fig. 3 a plan of the same. a, represents the main framing of the machine;
6, the bearings for supporting the driving shaft c, upon which are the fast.
and loose pulleys d; on the said shaft c is fixed the rim or pulley e, giving
motion by means of a strap to the rims or pulleys g and h, which are made
fast to the shafts i and k, turning in the bearings land m. To the rims g
and h are attached the frames n and o, holding the bobbins q and r, which
contain the yarns to be twisted; the said yarns pass through the eyelets s, and.
through and over the drags t, to the guide pulleys u, leading the twisting or
twisted strands to the grooved rollers v, around which the strands are coiled as
often as required, and pass from thence to the taking up bobbin w, upon which
the two strands are uniformly wound by surface motion. The surface roller,
which is covered with leather or other suitable material, is shewn at æ, pressure

page_text: being exerted upon it by means of the lever y and weight. In order to form
the banding, the bobbin w, when filled, is removed and placed upon the frame a¹,
which is fixed to any of the rim shafts c, k, and i, but at the opposite side of
the machine the two cords are again passed through the eyelet 6', through and
over the drag c¹, and over the guide pulleys d', to the rollers e', passing from
thence, as banding, to the taking up or winding on bobbin f¹, the reversing of
the position causing the necessary reversing of the twist; the banding is
uniformly wound on the bobbin fi, by means of the surface roller g', similar to
that before described, and furnished with the lever hand weight . The
required motion is given to the surface rollers by the endless screws or worms,
on the shaft c, working in the worm wheels m¹, giving motion to the shafts n
and bevil wheels o', which gear with the other bevil wheels 2', fixed to the
shafts of the surface drums; the surface drums and bevil wheels o¹, and q',
rising as the bobbins increase in diameter, thereby causing them always to
take up the same quantity in the same time. The traversing of the cord or
band upon the bobbins may be effected by a heart motion or any of the well-
known mechanical contrivances. In the machine represented in the Drawing,
I employ a mangle motion to each taking up bobbin, the arrangement for one
corresponding with the other. The traversing rods or bars are shewn at r¹,
the racks at s¹, the pinions at t¹, and the guards or cams at u², motion being
given to the pinions t¹ by the spur wheels v₁, the intermittent or change
wheels w¹, and the spur wheels a¹, upon the shafts of which are the worm
wheels y', acted upon by the worms 2', attached to the shafts a, which are
driven by the taking up bobbins, by the cranks 62. The levers and weights
are linked to the frames holding the surface drums, so that all can be lifted
together when the bobbins have to be removed, which operation can be readily
effected when the shafts a are shifted off the spindles of the said bobbins.
The necessary drag is put on the bobbins attached to the rims or pulleys by
means of washers of any suitable material, in combination with the drags t,
shewn enlarged at Figs. 4, 5, and 6: The bobbins, upon which the threads
from the creel are wound, may be placed either upon a separate frame or on
a standard connected to the machine, as shewn in the Drawing,
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I would have it
to be distinctly understood, that I do not confine myself to the precise details
lierein set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the
principle thereof; but I claim as of my Invention,
Firstly, the application of bobbins.filled with. yarns placed on revolving
rims or pulleys, for the purpose of twisting the yarns into strands.

page_text: Secondly, the tubular drag through and over which the yarns pass from the
bobbins.
Thirdly, the differential speed of the taking up bobbin, as driven by the
friction drum, the said drum and wheels which drive it rising as the bobbin
increases in diameter.
Fourthly, the method of doubling the strands into banding or cord, .by
means of the bobbin being placed opposite to the end at which the yarns were
twisted into strands.
Fifthly, the general arrangement of the machine or apparatus applicable to
the purpose of twisting and doubling yarns, as herein described, and illustrated
in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Brierley, have hereunto set our
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of August, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty civ
JOHN BRIERLEY. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-named
John Brierley, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.

page_text: LONDON: Printed by GEORGE EDWARD EYRE and WILLIAM SPOTTIS WOODE.
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty. 1856.