IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE of Cast-iron PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Harlow, of Macclesfield, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE of Cast-iron PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR.”
Scaled the 22nd September 1871, and dated the 19th April 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Harlow at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th April 1871.
I, BENJAMIN HARLOW, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS
THEREFOR," to be as follows:
This Invention relates to the manufacture of flanged pipes of cast
iron, such as are used for steam and for heating and other purposes,
and is designed chiefly to facilitate the casting or forming of annular

page_text: projections or concave grooves in the flanged ends of such pipes for
the purpose of making a perfect joint by the interposition of a ring of
soft metal, india-rubber, or other suitable material.
"
The Invention consists principally in the use of metal "chills" at or
near the ends of the loam core used in the mould when casting the
pipes, and either fitted on the core or on the core barrel, the inner faces
of the said "chills" being formed with turned grooves or annular
projections, or a plain surface, according as the flanged ends of the pipe
are desired to have annular projections or annular grooves, or a plain
faced joint. I take an ordinary core bar and form thereon a loam core
in the usual way, and I place thercon at or near each end a metal
chill" formed as above named, or the collars may be made of dry or
green sand, or of plaster of Paris. I make the pattern with a collar at
each end outside the flange, and corresponding in form and position
with these "chills" or collars. Having formed the mould in the
ordinary way by the aid of this pattern I lay the core with its two
"chills" or collars therein, and proceed to cast the pipe in the usual
manner, and the pipe so cast will consequently have at its flanged ends
annular projections or grooves corresponding with and formed by the
reverse grooves or projections on the metal "chills" or collars, or if the
ends of the collars are plain the flanges will have a smooth face equal
to a turned joint, and pipes so formed will be found to make a perfect
joint by the mere interposition of a ring of lead or other suitable
material, and such joints can be readily opened for cleaning or other
purposes and closed again steam or water tight without difficulty as
often as may be required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Benjamin Harlow in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN 30
HARLOW, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of April, in the year of

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Benjamin Harlow, Her special license
that I, the said Benjamin Harlow, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Benjamin Harlow, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST-IRON PIPES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Benjamin Harlow, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Benjamin Harlow, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to
say) :—
The Invention relates to the manufacture of flanged pipes of cast-iron,
such as are used for steam and for heating and other purposes, and is
designed chiefly to facilitate the casting or forming of annular pro-
jections or concave grooves in the flanged ends of such pipes for the
purpose of making a perfect joint by interposition of a ring of soft metal,
india-rubber, or other suitable material.
The Invention consists principally in the use of metal "chills" at or
near the ends of the loam core used in the mould when casting the
pipes, and either fitted on the core or on the core barrel, the inner faces
of the said "chills" being formed with turned grooves or annular
projections or both, according as the flanged ends of the pipe are
desired to have annular projections or annular grooves, or both grooves
and projections.

page_text: Such being the nature and object of my said Invention for "Improve-
ments in the Manufacture of Cast-iron Pipes, and in Apparatus therefor,"
I will now proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the
said Invention is to be or may be carried into practical effect, and in
order that the same may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto
a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with
figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof.
"
I take an ordinary core bar a, a, Fig. 1, and form thereon a loam
core b, b, in the usual way, and I place thereon at or near each end a
metal "chill c, c, formed as above named (see enlarged view Fig. 5),
or the collars may be made of dry or green sand or of plaster of Paris.
I make the pattern a, a, (see Fig. 2) with a collar c*, c*, at each end
outside the flange e, e, and corresponding in form and position with
these chills" or collars c, c, on the core. Having formed the mould in
the ordinary way by the aid of this pattern I lay the corc, Fig. 1, with
its two "chills" or collars therein, and proceed to cast the pipe in the
usual manner, and the pipe ff, so cast (sec Fig. 3) will consequently
have at its flanged ends annular projections or grooves corresponding
with and formed by the reverse grooves or projections on the metal
chills” or collars, and pipes so formed will be found to make a perfect
joint by the mere interposition of a ring 9, 7, of lead or other suitable
material (see enlarged views, Fig. 4), and such joints can be readily
opened for cleaning or other purposes, and closed again steam or water-
tight without difficulty as often as may be required. Instead of the
recesses and projections as shown on the face of the flange at Fig. 4
concave recesses may be formed, as shown at Fig. 6, in which case a
round ring instead of a flat one is used to make the joint, or the recesses
or projections may be made of any other suitable form.
"
Having now described tho nature and object of my said Invention for
"Improvements in the Manufacture of Cast-iron Pipes, and in Apparatus
therefor," together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood
that I claim as my Invention the use of metal "chills" at or near the
ends of the loam core used in the mould when casting the pipes, and
either fitted on the core or on the core barrel, the inner faces of the said
chills being formed with turned grooves or with annular projections,

page_text: In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Harlow, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
BENJAMIN HARLOW. (L.S.)
Witnessed by
JOHN HUGHES,
Clerk to George Davies, C.E.,
Patent Office,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.