A New or Improved Machine for Making Certain Paper Bags.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 10th July, 1893-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine for Making Certain Paper Bags.
I. JOHN RAISTRICK COLLINS, of 4, Sawrey Place, Bradford, in the County
of York, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a new or improved machine or apparatus for making
pointed or vee shaped paper bags that is conical bags coming to a point at the
bottom and known as 16
cup bags."
I preferably supply the paper to the machine from a web or roll of suitable
width.
The paper is guided into the machine by guide or tension rollers and between a
pair of feed nip rollers operated intermittently. Before passing through the feed
nip rollers the paper is perforated or partially cut across at right angles with the
edge at a distance from the end equal to the width of the paper so as to leave a
square piece at the end free to be readily disconnected. The rear edge of this
square piece may be smeared with gum or other adhesive matter at the same time
that the paper is perforated.
The gumming device may consist of a cross bar mounted on arms projecting
from a rocking shaft and carrying a number of loosely mounted pins. This cross
bar is operated in such a manner that the lower ends of said pins are alternately
brought in contact with a feeder to supply them with gum and then into contact
with the paper. Said feeder is arranged to rise from the gum box to meet the.
said pins and may be geared to and operated by said rocking shaft.
At each motion of the said nip rollers the perforated and gummed square of
paper on the end of the web passing through such rollers is fed into position across
the folding table and the folding blade which is the same shape as the finished bag
then moves down diagonally over it- and holds it whilst the folding rollers are in
operation. The folding table is the same shape as the folding blade and is made with
a bevel along each side meeting at the pointed end of the table and the two folding
rollers normally lie against such bevelled sides. The folding rollers are mounted on
spring arms and are so operated that the ungummed edge of the paper square is
first folded over the folding blade by one of the folding rollers and the other
folding roller folds the gummed edge over on the top of it first severing the square
of paper from the web. That end of the first folding roller near the point of the
blade is retarded in its motion over the blade so as not to interfere with the second
And when the
folding roller moving approximately half way over the said blade.
latter roller is in this position a thin finger is introduced between the end of said
roller and the point of the blade to completely form and fold the point of the bag.
Before the rollers are fully withdrawn a spring finger mounted on the arm of the
folding blade is brought down on the gummed edges of the bag to prevent them
springing apart.
India-rubber folling rollers are preferably used made up of a number of short
annular pieces.
The folding blade is mounted upon a vibrating arm which when the folding
rollers are removed is lifted against an india-rubber covered revolving
drum which removes the bag from the blade. An endless band then guides it
over the drum and drops it pointed end downwards into a vee shaped box or
channel and a vibrating arin working through the bottom of the box passes it
forward.
The point or botton corner of the bag may be trimmed by a pair of cutters,

page_text: shears or the like to remove a small portion of paper left projecting by the above
mentioned thin finger. This may be done immediately before the folding blade is
raised from the table or at any other convenient part.
A light guide is provided to guide the end of the paper from the nip rollers on
to the table and this guide is arranged to move automatically out of the way of the
folding blade and roller.
The intermittent motion may be imparted to the nip rollers by means of a
reciprocating bow the string of which is arranged to rotate a drum mounted on
the shaft of one of the rollers and connected thereto by an internal pawl. The
rocking shaft of the gumming device may be operated by a similar bow but in this
case the drum is rigidly secured to the shaft.
Dated this 9th day of September 1892.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine for Making Certain Paper Bags.
I, JOHN RAISTRICK COLLINS, of 4, Sawrey Place, Bradford, in the County of
York, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new or improved machine or apparatus for making
pointed or vee shaped paper bags that is conical bags coming to a point at the
bottom and known as <C
cup bags."
Reference is to be had to the accompanying sheet of drawings forming a part
of this Specification in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts in each of the figures.
Figure 1, represents a plan view of my improved machine.
Figure 2, represents a sectional plan of the same with the parts above the herein-
after mentioned cam shaft removed.
Figure 3, is a side view of the machine without the feed mechanism.
Figure 4, is a back view of the same.
Figure 5, is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the gumming, perforating and
feed mechanism on a larger scale.
Figure 6, is a plan view, and
Figure 7, a side elevation of the same.
Figures 8 to 19 are views of detail hereinafter referred to.
The feed mechanism is placed at an angle of about 45 degrees to the sides of the
machine and is therefore more conveniently shown separately in the drawings
excepting in the plan view Figure 1.
The paper A represented by the broken line Figure 5 is supplied from a roll A
mounted on a pair of cones A fixed on the arbor A³ loosely micunted in bearings A¹
formed in the brackets A secured to the side pieces A connected to the side
frames A of the feed mechanism. The paper A passes from the roll A over the
guide roller B, under the guide roller B over B2 and between the pair of inter-
mittently operated feed rollers B³ and B. These rollers are mounted in suitable
bearings in the side frames A together with guide rollers B and B round which
the cudless band or cloth B' is passed, as well as round rollers B and 13. The
band is provided to guide the paper from B' to B² as well as assist in feeding the
paper. The roller B³ may be adjusted by the screws B, B to regulate the nip or
pressure between B³ and B.
As the paper passes in this manner from the roller B to the feed rollers it is
gummed and perforated as now described. The gumming device consists of a cross
bar or carrier C pivoted between the two arms C'C' projecting from the rocking
shaft C². This cross piece carries a row of pins C³ loosely mounted in holes therein

page_text: After
and the arms C* C₁ rigidly secured to the cross piece have studs C', C³ at their
other ends engaging the guide slots C, C formed in the side frames A. The
rocking shaft C is continuously rocked about half a revolution or 190 degrees and
is so arranged that at the termination of this movement in one direction the lower
ends of the pins C³ come down upon the paper A. close to the cross piece C' whilst
the paper is stationary upon the lower cross piece or bed C and such pins having
been previously charged with gum or adhesive matter leave sufficient upon the
paper to form the junction of the edges when the bag is afterwards folded."
gumming the paper the pins C³ are recharged with gum when the cross piece C
reaches the extremity of its movement in the reverse direction.
For this purpose a
second rocking shaft D is employed carrying a feeder D' fixed to arms D' pro-
jecting from D. This shaft D is geared to and driven from C by the wheels D³
and it is so arranged that when the pins C³ are gumming the paper, feeder D¹ is
turned so as to hang down into the trough D' partly filled with gum and its rounded
face is thereby thickly covered with gum. But as C is rocked to the extent of its
movement in the reverse direction the feeder is turned up to meet the pins C³
which momentarily rest upon the rounded face and are thereby charged with gum.
Figure 8 represents the parts of the gumming mechanism shown in Figure 5 in the
position they occupy when gumming the paper and Figure 9 represents them in
the position when the pins C³ are being recharged with gum. It will be seen that
the pins C3 being loosely mounted in Callow the latter to be moved somewhat
further after the pins rest upon either the paper or the feeder.
The arms C are provided to steady Cand keep it in such a position that the
pins C3 are approximately vertical when they rest upon either the paper or the
feeder. One of the studs C also serves to vibrate the arm E projecting from
the rocking shaft E' which vibrates the arm E2 projecting from the middle of E¹.
The vibration of the arm E2 is communicated to the arm E3 by the stud E' and the
vibration of the arm E³ rocks the shaft E' upon which it is rigidly mounted. The
shaft E has a projecting arm E at each end and these arms are pivoted to
the lifters E7 each of which is kept approximately vertical by the slot E³ formed
therein engaging the stud E' fixed in A. The lifters E' each have a projection E1°
at the top which support the perforator block E" carrying the perforating
knives E¹ The perforator block is fitted at each end in slide slots e formed in A
and it will be understood from the foregoing description that each time the arm E
is vibrated by the stud C the block E will be raised. The knife E is formed of
a number of pointed cutters (as shown on a larger scale Figure 10 which represents
a side view of a portion of the knife and block) and each time the block is raised
the points of the knife rise up through the slot C in CB into the slot in C10 and as
the paper is at that time at rest between C and C it is perforated or partly cut
across by the knife. Springs or weights are provided to draw down the block E"
as soon as C moves clear of E.
The intermittent motion is imparted to the feed rollers by the pulley F mounted
on the arbor F¹ of B³ operated by the reciprocating bow F mounted in the vertical
guides F. The bow 2 is provided with a string F tightly connected to each end
of the bow and passed two or three times round the pulley F so that as the bow is
raised and lowered the pulley F is turned first in one direction and then in the
other with it. But as the pulley F is only connected to the arbor Fby the
internal pawl F³ (Figure 7) engaging the ratchet wheel F secured to F
the roller B3 is only turned in one direction through the medium of said pawl and
ratchet which allows the pulley F to be turned in the reverse direction without the
roller B being moved. The roller B³ is of such a diameter or it is rotated to such
an extent that each time the feed mechanism is operated a length of paper is fed
into the machine equal in length to the width of the paper and in the intervals
between the feed of the paper it is gummed and perforated. In order to allow the
gummed part of the paper to pass the roller B3 without smearing the gum or
sticking to the roller such roller has recesses B' formed therein which recesses are
continuous the whole length of the roller with the exception of the narrow strips B

page_text: and these recesses are so arranged that when the gummed portion is passing between
'the rollers the recessed portion of the roller is next to the paper.
The rocking shaft C2 is also operated by a bow G but in this case the pulley G¹
is rigidly secured to the shaft so that the latter is rotated in both directions.
The side pieces A are secured to the main framework G of the machine in any
convenient manner so that the feed mechanism can be adjusted to feed the paper at
the required angle on to the folding table H and it is fixed at such a height that the
feed rollers feed the paper on to the top of the table and leave it approximately in
the position shown in the separate plan view Figure 11 in which the broken line i
across the paper represents the perforations and when in this position the folding
blade H is then moved down diagonally over it as shown in Figure 12. The
folding blade is the same shape as the finished bag, that is to say the vee edges are
formed at 45 degrees to each other. The folding table H is the same shape as the
folding blade and is made with a bevel H2 along one side and a bevel H³ along the
other which bevels meet at the pointed end of the table and the two folding
rollers Hand H normally lie against such bevelled sides. The folding rollers are
preferably formed of short annular pieces of india rubber mounted on a light
rod has shown on a larger scale in Figure 13. The rods are each secured to
spring arms H' connected to the arms J and J pivoted at one end on the studs J2 J3
secured to the bed plate G³ fixed in a corner of the framework G. When the
paper is fed on to the table H its free end lies at an angle across the light wire
rest K supported at one end upon the pulley or anti-friction roller and the
other end is loosely pivoted to the wire K². And immediately before the paper is
fed on to the table the wire K2 is moved in the direction of the arrow Figure 11 so
as to bring K partly across the table to guide the free edge of the paper over the
roller Has shown in Figure 11 and when the feed of the paper is finished the
wires K and K2 pass back to the position shown in Figure 1 to allow the folding
blade H to come down on to the table. Each end of the wire K2 is connected to
and supported by a cord K³ passing over the pulleys K' and a weight K at one
end brings the wires to the position shown in Figure 11 and they are moved back
to the position shown in Figure 4 by the lever K to which the cord at that end is
attached. The lever K is mounted upon a stud K' and is vibrated by the stud KB
hereinafter referred to.
.
As soon as the paper is in position on the table and the folding blade has come
down upon it the first folding roller H is moved to the position shown in Figure 14
thus folding the free edge of the paper over the blade.
The roller H is moved to this position by the lever L forcing it up the bevelled
edge of the table. The lever L is pivoted on the stud L' fixed in G³ and is con-
nected by the link L to the arm J. The lever L is vibrated by the cain M on the
cam shaft M. And in order to prevent that end of the first folding roller nearer
to the point of the blade from passing so far across the blade as to interfere with
the movement of H' the motion of that end of the roller is retarded. For this
purpose the stud J2 is mounted on a short slide G fitted in G³ and as the roller is
moved the slide is drawn in the direction of the arrow Figure 1 by the link G*
connected to the bell crank lever G pivoted upon the stud G' fixed to G³. The
bell crank lever is vibrated by the rod G8 hinged to the arm G³ pivoted to the
framework and carrying an anti-friction roller G10 operated by a cam M² upon
the cam shaft M¹.
When the roller H' is in the position shown in Figure 14 the roller H³ is moved
to the position shown in Figure 1 and thereby disconnects the perforated portion
of the paper and folds the gummed edge down over the edge previously folded
over the knife. Before the latter fold is completed the finger HB mounted upon
the short slide H is introduced over the point of the knife and over the extremity
of the fold first made and the edge of the first fold close to the point of the knife
is doubled over the finger (as shown on a larger scale by the sectional diagram
Figure 15 and plan view 16 but in Figure 16 the roller is omitted) which is then
withdrawn and the fold completed by the roller H³. The slide His moved by the

page_text: link H operated by the, bell crank lever H" which is vibrated by the rod H
connected to the arm 13 pivoted to the framework. And the arm H1 carries an
anti-friction roller H" engaging the cam M*.
(This method of forming the bottom of the bag leaves two little ears or corners
and projecting at the side of the apex of the bag as shown in a somewhat
exaggerated form in Figure 19 which represents a view of the complete bag.
These cars or corners may be trimmed off but as they are practically of no
detriment I prefer to leave them on.)
(It will be seen that the junction of the paper forming the bag is made down the
front midway between the two vee edges. This construction enables the bags to
be both more readily opened and filled and also closed than if the junction were
made down one edge.)
Then the spring finger N hinged on the folding blade comes down and holds the
folds in this position whilst the rollers H and H³ retire to their normal position
under the influence of springs or weights operating the arms and J in the reverse
direction to the cams on the cam shaft.
The arm is operated to move the roller H³ in the direction to fold the paper
by the lever L3 pivoted upon the stud L fixed in the cross piece G of the frame-
work extending across inside and the lever L³ is vibrated by the cam M³ upon the
cam shaft M.
The folding blade H is fixed on the short rocking shaft mounted in
bearings 0, 0, formed in cross pieces Go, Go of the framework and immediately
the folding rollers leave the blade free such blade is raised to the position shown by
the broken lines in Figures 3 and 18 against the india-rubber covered revolving
drum P and the friction of the drum upon the bag raises it off the blade H' and it
is carried over between the drum and the endless bands P1, P1 and dropped down
into the vee shaped box or channel P supported by the brackets P³.
The jar or
shock occasioned by the blade H' striking the roller causes the finger N to
momentarily spring away from H¹ and allows the bag to be more freely drawn off.
The endless bands Pare mounted upon the guide rollers P. The box P² has a
longitudinal slot P through which the vibrating arm P works and as each bag
drops down into P² the arm P moves it along leaving a clear space for the next
bag. The arm P is loosely mounted upon the rocking shaft R and is vibrated by
the rod P7 pivoted at one end to P and the slot P in the other end is supported
by and rides upon the shaft M. The rod P is reciprocated by the cam M³ on the
cam shaft alternately engaging the anti-friction rollers P8, P mounted upon P7.
This is most clearly shown in Figure 17 which represents a cross section through
the cam shaft on the broken line a, b Figure 4.
The cam M also serves to raise and lower the spring finger N (when required
as above mentioned) by means of a projection N₁ on the arm N2 engaging the
lifter N connected to N and projecting down through the slot Nin H. The
broken lines in Figure 15 represent the finger N raised.
Figure 17 is a section on the broken line y, Figure 4 and represents the
mechanism for raising the folding blade H. The rocking shaft O is provided
with a crank O' at one end. This crank is connected by the rod O³ to the arm O'
hinged to the front of the framework G' and vibrated periodically by the cam M
engaging the anti-friction roller 05 mounted on the arm or bracket O' secured
to O. The full lines in Figure 17 show the blade H¹ down upon the table H.
And the broken lines represent the blade and the lifting mechanism raised to
feed the bag to the drum P. The arm O* carries the stud K above referred to as
operating K*.
The bow F is reciprocated vertically by the rod T connecting it to the arm T¹
fixed on the rocking shaft R operated by the crank R' on the shaft M' through
the medium of the connecting rod R2 and the arm R³ rigidly fixed on the end of R.
The pin R connecting T to T' is preferably fixed in a fork R' to allow the feeding
mechanism to be adjusted.
The bow G is similarly reciprocated by the rod U connecting it to the arm U

page_text: on the short rocking shaft U operated by the crank U³ on M' through the medium
of the rod U' and arm Us igidly fixed upon U³.
The drum P is mounted upon and driven by the driving shaft W and the cam
shaft M is driven from the driving shaft by the spur wheels W, W² and W³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
<<
1. In a machine for making vee shaped or cup" bags of the kind shown, a
vee shaped folding table having two bevelled edges approximately at an angle of
45 degrees to each other, substantially as herein shown and described.
2. A vee shaped folding blade arranged to be brought diagonally across the
paper leaving sufficient paper along the edge on each side to be folded over the
blade so that one edge overlaps the other approximately in the centre of the blade,
substantially as herein shown and described."
3. The combination with a vee shaped folding blade, of folding rollers, substan-
tially as herein shown and described.
4. The combination with folding rollers of the thin finger H³ arranged and
operated substantially as herein shown and described.
5. The light guide K arranged to be brought partly across the table to guide the
advancing edge of the paper over the folding roller, substantially as herein shown
and described.
6. A folding blade adapted and arranged to transfer the vee shaped bag
from the folding table to delivery mechanism such as the drum P and endless
bands P, substantially as herein shown and described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
7. The combination with the folding blade, of the spring finger N, substantially
as herein shown and described.
8. Gumming, perforating and feeding apparatus arranged to feed the paper to
the folding mechanism substantially as herein shown and described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
9. A gumming appliance consisting of a number of pins loosely mounted in holes
in a cross bar or carrier, substantially as herein shown and described.
10. The general construction and arrangement of bag making machinery
adapted to make vee shaped bags from a roll of paper in which the junction of
the edges of the paper forming the bag is made down the centre midway between
the vee edges, substantially as herein shown and described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 7th day of July 1893.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Agents.