IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING YARN, TWINE, CORDS, AND STRANDS, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO RENDER THE SAME MORE SUITABLE FOR SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES AND OTHER USES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lazarus Simon Magnus, of No. 8, Adelaide Place,
London Bridge, in the City of London, Merchant, and William Sinnock,
of Brompton, in the County of Kent, Ropery Engineer, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING YARN, TWINE, CORDS, AND STRANDS,
AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO RENDER THE SAME MORE SUITABLE FOR
SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES AND OTHER USES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lazarus Simon Magnus
and William Sinnock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 28th December 1859,
We, LAZARUS SIMON MAGNUS, of No. 3, Adelaide Place, London Bridge,
in the City of London, Merchant, and WILLIAM SINNOCK, of Brompton, in
the County of Kent, Ropery Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING YARN, TWINE, CORDS, AND
STRANDS, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO RENDER THE SAME MORE SUITABLE
FOR SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH CABLES AND OTHER USES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in saturating yarn, twine; cord, and strands of
hemp or other fibrous material with a composition consisting of india-
rubber, gutta percha, resin, tar, pitch, or similar substances, with vegetable
or other wax. It is preferred that the process of saturation should be
performed on the fibrous material when in the state of yarn or twine, and
027

page_text: that when the same has been thoroughly saturated, it is distended and held
in such condition till set, by which a non-contracting yarn or twine is
obtained. It should, however, be stated that the process may be performed
on the fibrous substance when in the state of cords or strands.
The solution above described is used by preference at a temperature of
220° (Fahrenheit's thermometer), and the yarns, twines, cords, or strands
are retained therein till thoroughly saturated. The yarns twine, cords, or
strands are then stretched and kept distended till set, when the same will
be in a condition to be employed in the manufacture of submarine electric
telegraph cables and other uses where non-contracting yarns, twine, cords,
or strands of hemp or other fibrous substances are desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Lazarus Simon Magnus and William Sinuock in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th May 1860.
i
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, LAZARUS
SIMON MAGNUS, of 3, Adelaide Place, in the City of London, and WILLIAM
SINNOCK, of Millwall, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Lazarus Simon Magnus and William Siunock, Her special license
that we, the said Lazarus Simon Magnus and William Sinnock, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Lazarus
Simon Magnus and William Sinnock, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man, an
-Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING YARN, TWINE, CORDS, AND STRANDS
OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS TO RENDER THE SAME MORE SUITABLE FOR SUBMARINE
TELEGRAPH CABLES AND OTHER USES," upon the condition, amongst others,
that we, the said Lazarus Simon Magnus and William Siunock, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be

page_text: performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Lazarus Simon Magnus and
William Sinnock, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in saturating yarn, twine, cords, and strands of hemp
or other fibrous material with a composition consisting of india-rubber, gutta
percha, vegetable or other wax, resin, pitch, with or without other matters.
It is preferred that the process of saturation should be performed on the fibrous
material when in the state of yarn or twine, and that when the same has been
thoroughly saturated it is distended and held in such condition till set, by
which a non-contracting yarn or twine is obtained. It should, however, be
stated that the process may be performed on the fibrous substance when in
the state of cords or strands.
The proportions of the several substances above mentioned may be greatly
varied, but it is preferred that the composition should consist as follows:-
Twelve and a half parts by weight of india-rubber or gutta percha, or of the
two combined, preferring the best india-rubber and the best sheet gutta
percha or gutta percha in a state of purity, such as is now used in making the
best sheets; twenty-five parts by weight of vegetable or other wax, preferring
Australian vegetable wax; twelve and a half parts by weight of resin; fifty
parts by weight of the best vegetable pitch. These matters or substances are
put into a suitable vessel, and heat applied thereto, and they are kept well
stirred till they are intimately blended. We prefer a vessel heated by steam
so as to maintain the mixture at a heat of about two hundred and twenty
degrees of Fahrenheat. The composition above described is used by prefer-
ence at a temperature of about two hundred and twenty degrees Fahrenheat
and the yarns, twine, cords, or strands are then stretched and kept distended
until set and dry, when the same will be in a condition to be employed in the
manufacture of submarine electric telegraph cables and any submarine or
other uses where non-contracting yarns, twine, cords, or strands of hemp or
like fibrous substances are desired. It is preferred in all cases to use Russian
or Baltic hemp for these purposes; we have found it desirable to subject the
yarns, cords, or strands to a strain of about two-thirds of their known
breaking weight.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of per-
forming it, we would have it understood that we are aware that light fibrous

page_text: matters have before been prepared by compositions containing pitch, tar, and
other bituminous substances,and in some cases india-rubber and gutta percha
with other matters, and also resin with other matters have been used for like
purposes; we do not; therefore, claim the same or any of these when uncom-
bined with vegetable or other wax.
In witness whereof, we, the said Lazarus Simon Magnus and William
Sinnock, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Tenth day of
May One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
L. S. MAGNUS.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM SINNOCK. (L.S.)