IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF CANDLES
Year: 1861

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left, by Henry William Bristow at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
December 1861-A communication from abroad by Pierre Louis
Alexis Boillot, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and Victor Francois
Cochen, of Veslay; in the said Empire.
.
I, HENRY WILLIAM BRISTOW, of the Geological Museum; (Jermyn Street,
in the County of Middlesex,, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR PRODUCTION OF
CANDLES, 'a.communication from abroad rby Pierre (Louis Alexis Boillot, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, and Victor Francois Cochen, of Veslay, in
the said Empire; to be as follows:
This Invention consists, firstly; in the manufacture, and in the production of
candles, by combining together. Japan wax and the product which is obtained
on subjecting tallow to the treatment hereafter described.
It is proposed to effect the partial saponification of tallow by means of a
solution of an alkali or of an, alkaline carbonate, such as potash, or soda, or
their carbonates; by preference to employ a solution of. carbonate of potash
containing about one-tenth part by weight of carbonate of potash. When a
partial saponification of the tallow has been effected by means of an alkaline
solution, or by the application of heat in the usual manner, the resulting soapy
compounds are decomposed by means of an acid, bydrochloric acid being
preferred on account of its cheapness. The product resulting is allowed to
cool, and is submitted to pressure in an hydraulic or other suitable press.

page_text: The degree to which the saponification of the tallow is to be effected, and
the amount of alkali which is to be employed for that purpose, will depend
upon the nature of the product desired.. In proportion to the hardness or the
solidity of the product desired, so will the amount of alkali be increased.
It is proposed to employ the product resulting from the previously described
processes for the manufacture of candles in the following manner :-Japan
wax may be mixed with the product obtained, as before described, in any pro-
portions, varying from 5 parts by weight to fifty parts by weight of every
one hundred parts of the composition intended for the manufacture of candles;
but for the ordinary manufacture of candles I prefer Japan wax in the pro-
portion of from twenty to thirty-five parts by weight, with from sixty-five to
eighty parts by weight of the product resulting from the treatment of tallow
as before described.
It is also proposed to manufacture candles of different qualities by the
admixture, in suitable proportions, of Japan wax, tallow, and stearine.
I do not confine myself to definite portions, as they differ according to the
quality of the candle it is desired to produce; but I have found that the
following proportions produce candles of good qualities, viz. :-
From 20 to 33 per cent. of Japan wax,
40 to 27
+33
of stearine,
of tallow.
And 40
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It is also proposed to use in these candles wicks which have been subjected
to a peculiar preparation. The plaited or woven wicks are immersed in a
solution containing from twenty-five to thirty parts by weight of acetate of
zinc, and from twelve to fifteen parts by weight of'boracic acid, dissolved in
one thousand parts by weight of water..
The wicks after immersion are allowed to dry, and are used in the manu-
facture of these candles, in a manner similar to that generally employed
in the ordinary_manufacture of stearine and other candles..