A NEW WATER WHEEL FOR DRAINING FENNS AND LOW LANDS, CONSTRUCTED IN AN INCLINED INSTEAD OF A VER- TICAL POSITION, AS COMONLY USED, WHICH WOU
Year: 1772

page_text: GEORGE ECKHARDT, of London, Gentleman, sendeth greeting.
•
WHEREAS the said Anthony George Eckhardt did, by his Petition, humbly
represent unto His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, that he
had, by long study, pains, and, expence, invented "A NEW WATER WHEEL FOR
DRAINING FENNS AND LOW LANDS, CONSTRUCTED IN AN INCLINED INSTEAD OF A VER-
TICAL POSITION, AS COMONLY USED, WHICH WOULD RAISE DOUBLE THE QUANTITY OF
WATER AND TO DOUBLE THE HEIGHTH OF ANY OTHER WHEEL OF THE SAME DIMENSIONS
THEN IN USE, WITH THIS PARTICULAR ADVANTAGE, THAT THE WHEEL TURNING EITHER
WAY, RAISES THE WATER TO. TWO PARTICULAR HEIGHTS, AND, BY VALVES, THE
WATER MAY BE RAISED FROM THE EXTREME HEIGHT OF THE POWER OF THE WHEEL
TO DIFFERENT MESNE HEIGHTHS THAT PARTICULAR OCCASIONS MAY REQUIRE, THE QUANT
TITY SO RAISED ALWAYS INCREASING IN PROPORTION AS THE HEIGHT REQUIRED - IS
DIMINISHED; AND ALSO A NEW WATER ENGINE THAT MAY BE. WORKED BY WIND AND
HORSES SEPARATELY, FOR RAISING WATER TO ANY HEIGHT, AND DISCHARGING THE
SAME NEARLY ON A LEVEL TO ITS RECEPTACLE, WHICH REQUIRED., LESS FORCE, AND
DISCHARGED, BY MEANS OF LONG SEMICIRCULAR BUCKETS, MORE WATER IN A LESS GIVEN
TIME THAN ANY, OTHER HYDRAULICK MACHINE THEN IN USE, PARTICULARLY ADAPTED
FOR DRAINING OF FENNS AND OTHER LARGE BODIES OF WATER WHERE IT'S REQUIRED
TO BE RAISED TO A GREATER HEIGHTH THAN THE WATER WHEEL ABOVE MENTIONED
IS CAPABLE OF, WHICH WOULD SAVE GREAT EXPENCES AND BE OF PUBLICK UTILITY,"
and thereby prayed His Majesty to grant unto him His Letters Patent for
the sole making, vending, and using of the said water wheel and engine; and
His said Majesty, being pleased to condescend to. his request, did, by, His
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day
of August, in the twelfth year of His reign, give and grant unto the said
Anthony George Eckhardt, his extors, admors, and assigns, especial licence,

page_text: full power, sole priviledge and authority, that he, the said Anthony George
Eckhardt, his exors, admors, and assigns, by himself and themselves, or by his
and their deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such others as he, the
said Anthony George Eckhardt, his executors, admors, or assigns, shall at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend his said Invention within that part of His said
Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales,
and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Colonies and Plan-
tations abroad, in such manner as to him, the said Anthony George Eckhardt,
his executors, adñiors, and assigns, or any of them, should in their discretions
seem meet; and that he, the said George Anthony Eckhardt, his extors, adm",
and assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit,
benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accru-
ing, and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of
years therein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence,
powers, priviledges, and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be
granted unto the said Anthony George Eckhardt, his extors, admors, & assigns,
for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date
of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be com-
pleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and provided; in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if the said Anthony
George Eckhardt should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
his said Inventions, and in what manner the same are to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under his hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in the High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next
and immediately after the date of said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted
should utterly cease, determine, and become void, anything therein-before con-
tained to the contrary in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the said
Letters Patent (relation being thereunto had) more fully and at large may
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that he, the said Anthony George Eckhardt, in pursu-
ance of the said recited proviso, doth, by this Instrument in writing under his
hand and seal, particularly describe and ascertain the nature of bis said Inven-
tions, and the manner in which the same are to be performed, in manner
and form following (that is to say) :—
To make the Water Wheel.-Prepare a circular flat board, fixed in an inclined
position upon piles, as described in the Drawing No. 1, hereunto annexed, by
the letters G and I, on which board fix a double upright circular trough

page_text: (letter B) to be open on one side for the emission of the water out of the
trough, in which are contained valves to discharge the water at the different
heighths, required. Provide a conduit or channel to convey the water from
the drain to the trough, as described by letter C, in which construct a sluice
to admit the water, in proportion to the power of the wind or other force
applied, described by letter H. Then construct a wheel, with spoons fitted so
as to turn within the double trough, and by that means lead up the water
from the conduit or channel C into a conduit to be made for discharging it
into the river, as described in the Drawings by the letters E, F, and D.
Make a shaft with wheelwork to communicate the power which is to be
applied to it, as described in the Drawing by the letters A, K, and L, which
may be worked by any known power.
And to make the water engine, erect a, reservoir, as described by the Draw-
ing No. 2, hereunto annexed, letter E rather higher than the height to which
the water is required to be raised, and nearly upon a level to the river into
which it is to be discharged. Let there be a communication from the side of
the bottom of the reservoir into the river under the bank, so as to make the
water of the reservoir and that in the river upon a level. Fix through the
upper part of the reservoir a circular pipe, paralel to the communication with
the river, so as to admit an axis through the pipe without being wet or
touched by the water, as is described in the Drawing by the Figure G. Upon
the axis, quite close and paralel to sides of the reservoir, make two click wheels,
as described in the Drawing by the letter A, to receive two double chains, to
each link of which are to be fixed long semicircular buckets (with air holes
in their bottoms) paralel to each other and to the horizon, which buckets
are to convey the water from the drain into the reservoir, from whence it is
to be discharged through the communication into the river, as described in the
Drawings by the letters B, C, D, and F, and upon the same axis of the
click wheels provide wheelwork of communication to the power.
In witness whereof, the said Anthony George Eckhard bath hereunto
set his hand and seal, this, Twenty-seventh day of November, in the
thirteenth, year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third,
by the grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King,
Defender of the Faith, &c., and in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and seventy-two.
Sealed and delivered (being first duly
stamped), in the presence of,
A. G. (LS) ECKHARDT.
SAMUEL SMITH.
JN° BECKETT,

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that on the same Twenty-seventh day of
November, in the year above said, the aforesaid Anthony George Eckhardt
came before our, said. Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification of his Inventions, aforesaid, and all and every thing therein and
in the Drawings annexed referred to, in. form above & hereunder sett forth.
And also the Specification aforesaid, and Drawings referred to, were stampt
according to the tenor of the Statute made in the sixth year of the reign
of the late King and Queen William & Mary of England,. & so forth.
Inselled the Twants fourth day of December in the year shove said

page_text: F, a spout or channel through which the water is discharged from the
reservoir.
G, a cylindrical cover running through the reservoir to prevent the axis
from being wet and the water from escaping the axis.
H, upright beams to support the axis.
I wheelwork to communicate the motion from the nomon analia