Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Adjustable Spanners.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 29th Feb, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
.
Improvements in and in the Manufacture of Adjustable Spanners.
I, ROBERT FREDERICK HALL of "Ferndale," Church Road, Moseley, in the
City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that type of adjustable spanners which are primarily
made up of two leaves or halves, placed together and rivetted. My said invention
consists in the one part, in making up the primary part of the spanner in two
longitudinal halves or leaves, shallow stamped and having a movable jaw sliding
between the separated parts of the stem, the head of fixed jaw being made solid by
a T-section filling whilst the lower jaw is propelled and repelled by a T-headed
and screw-edged bar carried by the said jaw and traversed by a milled nut located.
within a middle piercing or gap made through the middle of the handle. Another
part of my invention consists in the manufacture of the movable jaw from rolled
steel or metal of the cross section of the said jaw.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents an adjustable spanner made
according to my improvements.
Figure 2 is a front edge view of the same.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the spanner upon the dotted line
Figure 2, but with the movable jaw left in elevation.
Figure 4 represents a cross section of the fixed jaw of the spanner upon the
dotted line a', Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a horizontal section upon the dotted lines. Figure 1.
Figure 6 is an elevation of the lower movable jaw separately.
Figure 7 is an elevation of the flat screw edged and T-headed stem which
propels the lower jaw, separately and Figure 8 is a cross section of Figure 7 upon
the dotted line ³.
Figure 9 is an inside elevation of one of the leaves or plate sides, two of which,
when placed together and rivetted, form the primary part of the spanner.
Figure 10 is a cross section of Figure 1 upon the dotted line.
Figure 11 is one of the filling-in pieces of the gap in the handle separately.
Figure 12 is a cross section of Figure 1 upon the dotted line a³.
Figure 13 is a strip of steel the cross section of which is shown in Figure 14,
from which the movable jaws are cut, as represented by the dotted lines in
Figure 13.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawing.
a, a¹ are side plates or leaves, each shallow stamped at the handle end a² and
head end a³, and left plain at the stem f, and which when the opposed edges a³,
are brought together, form the hollow handle or head of a spanner. The stems of
these side plates are separated from each other by a space equal to the thickness of
the web 6, of the lower adjustable jaw b, within the T-shaped gap 62, of which the
cross end c', of the flat partly screw-edged bar c, engages. The lower part of this
said bar c, takes through a rotating nut or screw box d, fitted within an all-through.
gap a, formed respectively through the handle parts a', of the side plates. e are
rivets for securing the side plates together and fare closure plates rivetted together
at f and closing up an extension a, of the lower part of the gap a, which said
extension is to admit of the nut d, being introduced upon the lower end of the screw

page_text: edged rod, which is propelled and 'repelled by the rotation of the nut and moves the
lower jaw with it.
The head of the spanner is made solid and the joint between the side plates
broken at the head part by an inverted-T shaped closure g, secured in position by
the rivets e, at the said head end.
The top edge of the gap a in each side plate has a lip a³, which takes into a
mouth clearance d', in the upper end of the rotating nut, whilst the lip f3 of each
closure platef, takes into a like mouth clearance in the lower inside end of the said
nut, and when these lips are in position with the screw bar coming between them
they nearly fill in the entrances to the nut and so form guides and bearings for
keeping the said screw edged rod central, thereby preventing the jambing of, the
said rod when being traversed through the nut, see Figure 10.
I propose to make the lower jaw b, from a rollered or drawn strip of metal of
the same cross section as the said jaw, such as represented in Figures 13 and 14.
This I take a strip Figure 13, and slice the same up transversely into short
lengths, or I gap the same at h, by a rotatory cutter and then divide the strip up
upon the dotted lines. This method of making the jaw heads is economical as
there is no waste of metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In adjustable spanners, making up the same from two partly plain and partly
shallow-sunken sides, or leaves, with the head made solid and the joint broken and
strengthened by the inclusion between a T-sectioned closure or internal support,
substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly. In adjustable spanners made up from two partly plain and partly
shallow-sunken sides or leaves having gaps for the reception of the screw box or
nut,, extending the said gaps and filling the same up, after the introduction of the
screw nut into position, by rabated closure plates, substantially as and for the
purpose described and set forth.
Thirdly. In adjustable spanners made up from two partly plain and partly
shallow sunken plates or leaves, making the connection between the movable jaw
and the flat screw-edged bar by a T-shaped end of the bar taking into a like shaped
gap in the jaw, substantially as described and set forth.
Fourthly. In adjustable spanners made up from two partly plain and partly
shallow-sunken plates or leaves, forming the top edges of the gaps in the side plates
and the upper ends of the closure plates with lips as, f, which take respectively
into top and bottom mouths in the screw box or nut and form guides and bearings
for the screw-edged bar, substantially as described and set forth.
Fifthly. The general construction, arrangement and combination of the parts of
adjustable spanners substantially as herein described and set forth.
Sixthly. Making the movable jaws of adjustable spanners from rolled or drawn
strip steel or metal of the same cross section as the jaw to be formed substantially
as described and set forth.
Dated this 25th day of January 1896
ROBERT FREDERICK HALL,
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.
ROBERT FREDERICK HALL,
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.