IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF JUTE, HEMP, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS. AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James McGlashan, of Dundee, in the County of
Forfar, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF JUTE, HEMP, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS. AND IN
THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 31st October 1865, and dated the 5th May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James M'Glashan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
May 1865.
I, JAMES MCGLASHAN, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PREPARATION OF JUTE, HEMP, FLAX AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND
IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows, that is
to say:
This Invention relates to certain improvements in machinery or apparatus
for the preparation of jute, hemp, flax, and other fibrous materials, and con-
sists in arranging the "fans" or rings used in circular drawing and roving
frames, so as to revolve upon a stationary shaft or bar of iron, or other
material. These "fans" are by preference made of cast iron, and also
serve as wheels by having teeth cast on their outer surfaces. At one side
the "draft" pinion gears into these toothed rings, thereby conveying motion
Price Sd1

page_text: to a counter shaft below the machine, which communicates motion to the
other end of the system, or to as many systems as may be desired on the
frame or frames.
This arrangement of "fans" or rings allows the internal guides for
the fallers" to be fixed to the stationary bar or shaft at the part where the
pressure is greatest. This bar or shaft, on which the "fans" or rings filled
with "fallers" revolve, and to which the internal guides are fixed,is supported
in brackets outside the gearing, and can be shifted backward or forward,
upward or downward, to suit the length or strength of the material passing
over the machine.
The chief advantages resulting from this Invention are, that by arranging
the "fans or rings to revolve on the outside of the standards, instead of the
inside, as formerly, their size can be considerably increased, and consequently
a greater number of "fallers" can be employed; at the same time the fallers
can be made with their ends much broader than formerly, which improvement
quite prevents them from "canting" in the machine and removes the necessity
of very exact workmanship.
This arrangement of machinery can be constructed and maintained in
efficient working order at very little expense, and is capable of performing a
great amount of work with very little attention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James McGlashan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
MCGLASHAN, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said James McGlashan, Her special license that I, the said James
McGlashan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James McGlashan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should atany
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, and

page_text: exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PREPARATION OF JUTE. FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS, AND IN
THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James McGlashan, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to he per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James McGlashan, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to certain improvements in machinery or ap.
paratus for the preparation of jute, hemp, flax, and other fibrous materials,
and consists in arranging the "fans" or rings used in circular drawing and
roving frames, so as to revolve upon a stationary shaft or bar of iron or other
material. These "fans" or rings are by preference made of cast iron, and
also serve as wheels by having teeth cast on their outer surfaces; at one side
the "draft" pinion gears into these toothed rings, thereby conveying motion to
a counter shaft below the machine, which communicates motion to the other
end of the system, or to as many systems as may be desired on the frame or
frames.
This arrangement of "fans" or rings allows the internal guides for the
fallers" to be fixed to the stationary bar or shaft at the part where the
pressure is greatest. This bar or shaft, on which the "fans" or rings filled with
"fallers" revolve, and to which the internal guides are fixed, is supported in
brackets outside the gearing, and can be shifted backward or forward, upward
or downward, to suit the length or strength of the material passing over the
machine.
The chief advantages resulting from this Invention are, that by arranging
the "fans" or rings to revolve on the outside of the standards instead of the
inside as formerly, their size can be considerably increased, and consequently
a greater number of "fallers" can be employed; at the same time the fallers can
be made with their ends much broader than formerly, which improvement
quite prevents them from "canting" in the machine, and removes the necessity
of very exact workmanship.

page_text: This arrangement of machinery can be constructed and maintained in
efficient working order at very little expense, and is capable of performing a
great amount of work with very little attention.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the manner in which the same is
or may be used or practically carried into, reference being had to the
several Figures upon the explanatory Sheet of Drawings, which I have here-
unto appended, and in which similar parts are indicated by corresponding
letters of reference, that is to say, Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation of
the improved arrangement of machinery or apparatus for spreading, drawing,
and rovingjute, hemp, flax, and other fibrous materials. The entire apparatus
is supported upon a strong cast-iron framing, in which, at the upper part, is
carried the main shaft A, on which are fixed the guides B, and on this shaft.
also freely revolves the "fans" or rings C. The brackets D, which carry the
shaft A, slide on the gables, and the shaft A has its position altered by set
screws as occasion may require. The stands E serve as outside guides for the
fallers, and by them the "gills" are brought into their work at the back of the
machine, and prevented from damaging themselves or the lower drawing roller
at the front; the upper one of the drawing rollers F may be made of timber,
fluted iron, or iron covered with leather, plaiding, and soft leather, or in any
other suitable manner. Having so many "gills" in action at once, the simple
kind of retaining rollers G, G, serve the purpose, thereby lessening the labour
of the attendant, and the risk of injury to workers is almost entirely avoided.
The brackets for these rollers G, G, move up and down as required, and the
checking gear and back conductors move with them; the rollers are driven by
a wheel and pinion from the fans. H, H, are the delivery rollers; I, I, are
the side delivery rollers; J,a bracket for supporting doubling plate pins, etc.;
K, the doubling plate; N, the revolving hair brush for keeping the upper
roller F clean; O, the counter shaft for conveying motion from one ring
to the other; P, a tin table or other light substance, over which the "sliver"
passes when the.machine is working; P, rests on the back plates; Q, is a
small brass tube fixed to P, and jointed to R, the stopping lever, when the
"sliver fails S allows R to move up and down only; T, is a worm, into
which R falls when the material is not there; U, the worm shaft; when R
falls into T, U comes out, pushing the belt handle before it; V, is the
belt handle; W, back conductors; X, a double band pulley, driven from F,
and conveying motion to the worm shaft; Y, Y, are thin iron rings, put
on with screws to keep the fallers in their places; and %, %, are the gill
bars or fallers.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent, is. -
First, the introduction of a fixed centre shaft into the class of machines
herein-before described,ou which the internal guides are fixed, and the "fans"
move freely, or any mere modification thereof.
Second, the introduction of a counter shaft for conveying motion from one
"fan" to another, or to a number of them, as herein-before described.
Third, the placing of "fans" outside the stands, which arrangement allows
them to be made of any required size.
Fourth, the arrangement that enables the "gills" to be placed at any desired
closen. ss to the drawing rollers, as herein-before described.
Fifth, the use of the arrangements by which the ends of the "fallers" can be
made of any desired breadth.
Sixth, the arrangement of" gills," so that any number of them can be in
action at once.
Seventh, the general arrangement and construction of parts, or any com-
bination of them, forming the machinery for preparing jute, hemp, flax, and
other fibrous materials, as herein-before described, or any mere modification
thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said James McGlashan, have hereunto sei
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of [October, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
ST. JOHN VINCENT DAY, C.E.,
Patent Office,
166, Buchanan Street,
Glasgow.
JAMES MCGLASHAN. (...)