Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1886.
Complete Left, 2nd Nov., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 28th Jan., 1887.
I SAMUEL RUSSELL of Apperton Villa, Stanwell in the County Middlesex, Architect
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
For the purposes of this invention an arrangement of combined pullies is caused to
rotate a distance proportionate to the weight of the article being weighed, the weight
being indicated on a dial formed on one of the pullies, or on a dial rotating with them.
A counterpoise to the article weighed being obtained sometimes by the weight of the
pullies only, sometimes by the pullies in combination with a suspended weight, and
sometimes by a suspended weight only.
The invention will be sufficiently understood for the present purpose by the
accompanying drawings and following description :-
In figure 1. the counterpoise is the combined pullies only. A is a circular pulley
having two cams or pullies, shaped as at B, fixed to it, one on either side; the whole
suspended by two cords C which coil on the pullies B. A cord D by which the article
to be weighed is suspended, coils on the pully A, the cords C coiling in one direction,
and the cord D in the opposite direction. As weight applied to the cord D turns the
combined pullies the cords C coil on to the pullies B, by which action the cords C and
D approach each other till the weight on D is in equilibrium with the counterpoise
of the combined pullies. A scale marked on the circumference of the pulley A and
intersected by the cord C indicates the weight. Or a pointer like the hand of a clock
may be loosely suspended on a central pin projecting from the face of the pully. The
centre of gravity of the combined pullies need not necessarily coinside with the
geometrical centre.
In Figure 2 the counterpoise is a suspended weight only, and but one cam cam or
pully B is fixed to the pully A. The cord D, which carries the article to be weighed,
coils round a smaller pully E, not necessarily concentric with the pully A. A cord F
coils on the pully B. The cords D and each carry a suitable constant weight,
not necessarily equal. All the pullies are fixed on a shaft or axle H, not necessarily
central to either of the pullies, round which coil the two cords C one on either side
of the combined pullies. In this case an equilibrium is arrived at by the weighted
cord F travelling to a greater distance as the pullies turn by weighting D.

page_text: In figure 3 the pullies combined with a suspended weight act as counterpoise. The
cord D, sustaining the article to be weighed, coils on the cam or pully B, the cord F
coiling round the pulley A, both cords being suitably but not necessarily equally,
weighted. The axle H and suspending cords C being the same as in figure 2. In this
case an equilibrium is obtained, as in figure 1, by the cords C and D approaching each
other as the pullies turn by weight applied at D.
Figure 4 is another arrangement for the pullies combined with a suspended weight
to act as a counterpoise. The cord D coils on the pully A, the two cords C coil on
two smaller pullies L of equal size, one on either side of the pully A and concentric
with it. A pulley of the form indicated at K is fixed centrally with regard to the other
pullies. It is formed of two similar curves, one half being a reverse of the other. The
cord F, suitably weighted, has one end attached to this pulley at M.
As the pullies
rotate the cord F uncoils from the one half of the pulley K and coils on to the other
half, one revolution, or less as may be arranged, of the pullies carrying it from d to f,
thus maintaining an equilibrium with varying weights at D.
In some cases I make the suspended weight of two unequal parts, their inequality
being such that the heavier part being shifted on to the cord D the figures on the dial
which previously marked pounds will signify ounces.
In all cases the pullies and axle are firmly fixed together and move as one piece.
The method of determining the relative sizes and true curves of the pullies, and their
weights in relation to suspended weights will be fully explained in my complete
specification.

page_text: I, SAMUEL RUSSELL, Architect, of Apperton Villa, Stanwell, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of this Invention is to ascertain the weight of articles by the automatic
action of various arrangements and combinations of cams and pullies, without the aid
of unattached weights.
For which purpose the combined cams and pulleys are caused to rotate a distance
proportionate to the weight of the article being weighed; the weight being indicated
on a dial formed on one of the pulleys, or on a dial rotating with them. A counter-
poise to the article weighed is sometimes the weight of the combined cams and pulleys
forming the machine, sometimes the machine in combination with a weight suspended
from it, and sometimes a suspended weight only.
The general nature of the arrangements will be understood by the following descrip-
tion and reference to the accompanying drawings. Of which sheet 1 was filed with
my Provisional Specification.
Figure 1, shows an arrangement of two cams and a pulley; a portion of their weight,
varying in proportion to the weight of the article weighed, acting as a counter-
poise. A is a pulley having two cams shaped as at B fixed to it, one on either
side, the whole suspended by two cords C, one coiling on each cam. A cord D
by which the article to be weighed is suspended coils on the pulley A.
The
cords C coiling in one direction and the cord D in an opposite direction. As weight
applied on the cord D causes the combined cams and pulley forming the machine to
rotate the cords C coil on the cams and approach nearer the cord D till an equilibrium
is established between the weight of the machine and the weight on the cord D. A
scale marked on the circumference of the pulley A and intersected by the cord C
indicates the weight. Or a pointer like the hand of a clock may be loosely suspended
on a central pin projecting from the face of the pulley.
Figure 2 shows an arrangement where the counterpoise is a weight suspended by a
cord coiling on a cam. A pulley E and a cam B is fixed on a shaft or axle H round
which coil the suspending cords C, one at each end. A cord D which carries the
article to be weighed coils on the pulley E. A cord F coils on the cam B. The
cords D and F each carry a suitable constant weight. The cords C and F coil in one
direction and the cord D in an opposite direction. In this arrangement an equilibrium
is arrived at by the weighted cord F travelling to a greater distance from the suspending
cords C as the machine is caused to rotate by weight applied on D. A is a dial fixed
on the axle H.
Figure 3 shows an arrangement where a constant portion of the weight of the
machine in combination with a weight suspended from it acts as a counterpoise to
the article weighed. A cam B and pulley A is fixed on an axle or shaft H. A cord D
sustaining the article to be weighed coils on the cam B. A cord F coils on the
pulley A, both cords being suitably weighted. The cords Cand axle H being the

page_text: same as in figure 2. The cords C and D coil in one direction, and the cord F in an
opposite direction. In this case an equilibrium is obtained by the cord D approaching
nearer to the suspending cords C as the machine rotates by weight applied on D. The
dial may be formed on the pulley A.
Figure 4 is also an arrangement in which the counterpoise consists of a constant
portion of the weight of the machine in combination with a weight suspended from it.
A cord sustaining the article to be weighed coils on a pulley A. The suspending cords C
coil on two smaller pulleys L, of equal size, one on either side of the pulley A and
concentric with it. K represents what may be termed a double cam, one half being
a reverse of the other. A cord F suitably weighted and having its upper end fixed to
the double cam at M is free to coil on either half of the cam. As weight on D causes
the machine to rotate the cord F uncoils from one half of the cam K and coils on to
the other half, one revolution carrying it from d to f thus maintaining an equilibrium
with varying weights on D. The weight on F, in this arrangement, may be made in
two or more parts and a part or parts being shifted on to the cord D the figures on the
dial which previously marked pounds will represent weights proportionately less.
Thus, if half the weight on F is shifted to D the figures on the dial will represent
half pounds instead of pounds. If three quarters is shifted to D the figures will
represent quarter pounds, and if but one sixteenth part is left on F the figures will
signify ounces.
The centre of gravity of the machines need not in all cases necessarily be the
geometrical centre.
In all cases the cams pulleys and axles forming the machines are fixed together and
move as one piece.
Having described the general character and various arrangements of my Invention
I will now proceed to explain the details of their construction. For which purpose
I give the following rules for finding the centre of gravity of unequal weights placed
apart on a horizontal line. They are more simple than arithmetical calculations, and
for the subject here under consideration, more practically correct, and such as any
ordinary person may readily understand and apply.
(1.) To find the centre of gravity of any two given weights. Divide the distance
between them into as many equal parts as there are pounds in the two weights. The
centre of gravity will then be as many parts distant from the heavier weight as there
are pounds in the lighter weight, and from the lighter weight, as many parts as pounds
in the heavier weight. As shown at Figure 5, a being 7 lbs, b 3 lbs and c the centre
of gravity.
(2.) Given a point as a centre of gravity and the distance of a given weight from it,
to find where a second given weight will be in equilibrium. Divide the distance given
into as many equal parts as there are pounds in the second weight. As many of such
parts as there are pounds in the first weight will be the distance of the second from the
centre of gravity.
(3.) When there are three given weights at given distances; find the point of centre
of gravity between the two (rule 1.) it i desired to balance by the third. Treating the
point so found as one weight equal to the two of which it is the centre of gravity; the
centre of gravity between it and the third weight will be the centre of gravity of the
three. As shown at Figure 6. a being 2 lbs, 6 3 lbs, and c 8 lbs. It is desired that c
should balance a and b. The centre of gravity between a and b is d, and the centre of
gravity between d and c-making together 13 lbs is at e, the centre of gravity of the
three weights.
In all the drawings C represents a suspending cord (each machine being suspended
by two) D a cord to which the scale-tray, or hook, for carrying the article weighed,
is attached. F a cord by which a weight acting as a counterbalance to the article
weighed is suspended. A a pulley or dial, or both, and B a cam.
To find the size and form of a cam for the arrangement shown at Figure 1, determine
at discretion the weight of the combined cams and pulley, and of a weight to be
suspended by the cord D. Say, for example, 3 lbs for the former and 1 lb for the
latter, which may be the weight of the scale-tray, or hook, for sustaining articles when

page_text: On a
weighed. Describe a circle representing the pulley A of any chosen diameter.
horizontal line E T, Figure 1º, drawn from the centre T to the circumference of the
pulley A, find the centre of gravity at N of the 3 lbs (the weight of the machine) and
the 1 lb on D (rule 1). From N draw NC perpendicular to the line E T. Divide
the circumference of the pulley A into as many parts as the highest number of pounds
to which the machine is required to weigh-say for example 8 lbs commencing
where the circumference is cut by the line CN, which represents one of the suspending
cords and the first boundary line of the cam. Having found the centre of gravity N
with 1 lb on D, find it in like manner with 2 lbs on D, which will be at H. With T as a
centre describe the arc H K. From the first division on the pulley A (representing 1 lb)
draw the line L M touching the arc H K. Now with another pound on D (making 3 lbs)
again proceed to find the centre of gravity, which will be at J. With T as a centre,
as before, describe an arc upwards from J. Draw a line from the second division of
the circumference of A (representing 2 lbs) touching the arc last drawn and continue
the same process with each successive pound. The result will be the series of lines,
dotted in the drawing, forming the boundary of the cam.
In order that the combined
cams and pulley may be the exact weight desired, and balance at the centre T, let them
be made well over the weight required, and cause the machine to rotate between the
two arms of a fork, each having on its inner face a pin projecting in a direction towards
the other, and on line at right angles with the arms of the fork, sinkings being made
on the front and back of the machine at the point of desired balance to receive the
pins; for which purpose one of them must be adjustable, screwing in and out. This
arrangement will allow the heaviest part of the machine to gravitate to the lowest
point. Whilst in this position draw a perpendicular line across the back of the machine
passing through the point of balance. At any suitable part, or parts, on this line, bore
out from the machine till the desired balance and weight are obtained. Should the
weight be reduced too much it may always be increased at the point of balance without
disturbing the balance.
I have said that the centre of gravity of the Machine need not necessarily coincide
with the geometrical centre. An illustration of this is given at Figure 7 where the
centre of the machine is at T, and its centre of gravity at H. A hand or pointer
turning freely on a pin at T marks the weight on the dial. By this arrangement it
will be seen that the form of the cam, or the greater portion of it, follows more
regularly the outline of the pulley, thereby leaving a freer passage for the end of the
pointer, which should set back from the face of the cam in order to be
near the dial. The distance of the balancing point H from the centre T is not
arbitrary, but about from 1 to 12 of the diameter of the pulley will be
found a convenient distance. The method of finding the form of the cam differs but
slightly from that described for Figure 1. From the centre T drop the perpendicular
TS. At its intersection of the circumference of the pulley commence the divisions
representing the required number of pounds. From H draw the line HW at right
angles to T S and passing through the centre T. On this line, with H representing
the weight of the machine, and W representing the weight on D, find their centre of
gravity (rule 1.) which will be at M. From M and parallel to TS draw the line M C
which will represent one of the suspending cords and the first boundary line of the
cam. To find the next boundary draw a line from the centre T to the first pound
marked on the circumference of the pulley at P. At right angles to this line and
passing through the centre T draw the line N K. From H draw the line HV parallel
to T P. V. will now represent the weight of the machine and K the weight on D.
Find their centre of gravity, with 1 lb added to D, on the line N K, which will be at
R; from which point and parallel to T P draw the line R L which will be the second
boundary line of the cam. Dealing with each division of the dial in like manner, the
result will be the series of lines, dotted in the drawing, forming the boundary of the
cam. In order to give greater steadiness to the machine when suspended, both in this
case and Figure 1, the two cams may be set any desired distance apart by making the
pulley A hollow, like a cylindrical box. In which case the machine should be inade
below the required weight, and a circular piece of metal, exactly equal to the deficiency,

page_text: fixed on the inside, and above the centre, somewhere on the perpendicular line, herein-
before described for Figure 1, drawn through the point of balance.
Figure 2: In my Provisional Specification I have by mistake described A Figure 2
as a pulley, but it is a dial only, and may be any convenient size, as may also the
pulley E and axle H; the weights on the cords F and D may also be determined
at pleasure. To construct the machine describe the pulley E and axle H.
Draw a
horizontal line through the centre of H, perpendicular to which draw the line C
touching H, and the line D touching E. Describe the dial A and divide its cir-
cumference into the desired number of pounds, commencing where it is cut by the
cord which marks the weight. With C as a centre of gravity find the point, on the
horizontal line drawn through H, where the weight on F will be in equilibrium with the
weight on D. (rule 2). From which point, and parallel with the line C, draw the line F
which will be the first boundary line for the cam. Again on the same horizontal
line find the point where F will be in equilibrium with 1 lb added to D; from which
point, with H as a centre, describe an arc in a downward direction. From the first
division on the dial representing 1 lb (which as Figure 2 is drawn will be on the left
of the cord C) draw a line touching the axle H on the same side as the cord C; parallel
with this line draw a line touching the arc described from the centre H, this will be
the second boundary line of the cam. Proceed in like manner with each successive
pound marked on the dial, and the boundary of the cam will be obtained as herein-
before described and shown at Figure 7. The weight of the machine in this arrange-
ment is of no consequence, but it must be balanced at the centre of the axle, as described
for Figure 1; and as a portion of its weight constantly tells against D the latter must
be weighted in addition to the weight originally determined on till the cord C marks
zero on the dial.
Figure 3. For this arrangement it will be found convenient to make the weight
of F and of the machine, which must balance on the centre H, equal; and D equal
to both. Having determined the various weights, and the size of the pulley A, which
is also the dial, draw a horizontal line ET, Figure 3 a, through the centre of the pulley
and on it fix a point K, slightly within the circumference of the pulley, for the
extremo boundary of the cam. With H representing the weight of the machine, E the
weight on F, and K the weight on D, find the centre of gravity, L, of the three
(rule 3.) From the centre H, and with the radius H L, describe a circle representing
the axle H. Draw the lines É F, Ho, LC, KD, each at right angles to the line ET.
LC will represent one of the suspending cords, Ho the pointer M, hung loosely on the
axle, at zero. From o commence the divisions, representing pounds, round the circum-
ference of the pulley. With the pointer at zero K D will represent the first boundary
line of the cam. To find the next, add 1 lb to K, and find the point N at which it
will be in equilibrium with G, representing the combined weights of E and H. The
points G and L remain constant, and K. alone will shift. From N, with H as a centre,
describe the arc N P. From H to the first division on the pulley representing. 1 lb
draw the line HW, parallel with which, and touching the arc NP, draw the line S R
which will be the second boundary line of the cam. Proceed in like manner with each
successive pound marked on the dial, and the boundary of the cam will be obtained.
In the arrangement shown at Figure 4 it is desirable, though not imperative, to
make the extreme width of the double cam (f to d) correspond exactly with the
diameter of the larger pulley. Figure 4a shows the method of construction. Divide
the circumference of A into parts representing pounds, commencing at a point perpen-
dicularly under the centre, from which a hand or pointer depends. To determine the
weight on the cam cord F, and the relative diameters of the larger and smaller pullies,
divide the diameter of the larger one into some number of equal parts of which the
divisions of the circumference will be a multiple, and the diameter of the pulley L will
be two of such parts less than the diameter of A; and the times of the multiple will
be the weight in pounds on the cam cord F. Thus If the divisions of the circum-
ference of the pulley A are 18, then (6x3=18) the divisions of its diameter will be
six, four of which will be the diameter of L, and 3 lbs the weight on the cord F, as at
Figure 4 a. Or (9x2=18) the diameter of A will be divided into nine parts, of

page_text: which the diameter of L will be seven, and the weight on the cam cord F 2 lbs. The
entire weight of the machine is of no consequence, because, although the weights on
the cords and D (F and D are shown in Figure 4 a as one line, being directly one
behind the other, but the two are shown in the side view Figure 46) must balance the
machine with the pointer at zero, D may be weighted till the balance is obtained.
Thus the machine, whatever it's weight, will always represent, for the purpose under
consideration, a weight greater than D by as much as the weight on F. And as the
machine is balanced at the point C by the weights at S, if the distance C¹ P is made
equal to the distance C₁ S the machine may be considered as a weight at P equal to
the combined weights of F and D at S. Then if equal weights are taken from S and P
the equilibrium will not be disturbed. Therefore, to simplify the process for forming
the cam, leave out of consideration the weight applied at D to obtain the balance;
and deducting a like weight from P there will remain 3 lbs on F, and 3 lbs on P, and
no weight on D. When the pointer is at zero, as in the drawing, the extreme
boundary line of the cam will be represented by the line SF parallel to the pointer.
To find the next boundary line, add 1 lb at S and find to what point on the line H S
the weight on F must be shifted to maintain the equilibrium; C and P always
remaining constant in position, to do which, take the combined weights of P and F,
and with C² as a centre of gravity, find the point on the line HS where they (6 lbs)
will balance the 1 lb at S, (rule 1.) this will be at V. Then having 3 lbs at P on one
side of V, if 3 lbs are placed equidistant on the other side, the two will equal 6 lbs
at V; therefore the distance V T being equal to V P, T will be the point to which the
weight of F must be shifted. From T, with H as a centre, describe the arc T W.
From the centre H to the first division on the circumference of A, representing 1 lb,'
draw the line H N. Draw the line E G parallel to H N and touching the arc T W.
The line E G will be the second boundary line of the cam. Proceed in like manner
with each succeeding division of the pulley A till one half of the cam is formed, the
other half will be the same form reversed. The two halves may be made separately
and attached to the pulley L Figure 4b leaving a distance between them at top just
sufficient to receive the cord or band F, but bringing them close together at the bottom.
The machine must balance on the centre H before F and D are weighted.
Figure 12 Is an arrangement of two cams B and B fixed on an axle H and coiling
in opposite directions. As an article is being weighed the scale cord D, which coils on
the cam B, approaches nearer to the suspending cords C (the centre of gravity) whilst
the cord F, carrying the counterbalance weight and coiling on the can B¹, travels
further from it. Before the weights are attached to the cords D and F the machine
must be balanced on the centre H, and held in equilibrium on the suspending cords C,
which coil on the axle in the same direction as the cord F on the cam B', by a suitable
weight attached to the cord R, coiling on a pulley P of any convenient size. The drawing
represents a machine having 15 lbs on F and 5 lbs on D and weighing up to 40 lbs
The proportions being D 1, F 3, and 8 the highest weighing capacity of the machine,
with the axle H of the diameter of the circle J E G-These proportions may be
varied but I consider them the most convenient and suitable for general purposes. To
form the machine, describe the circle J E G, and axle H concentric with it, through
the centre draw the horizontal line N K. Drop the perpendiculars K D (the scale
cord) touching the circle J E G, and LF (the counterbalance cord) touching the
axle H on opposite sides of their common centre. M will then be the centre of gravity
between Land K-that is between the weights on F and D-When 40 lbs, the extent
to which the machine is to weigh, are added to the 5 lbs at D, the cord L F must be
at N F, therefore, with M as a centre of gravity find the point O on the line N K
where 45 lbs will be in equilibrium with 15 lbs at N. O will then be the inner, and K
the extreme, boundary of the cam B. To find the intermediate boundaries divide the
circle J E G into some number of equal parts representing pounds, commencing at K.
(in the drawing the divisions are eight, each representing 5 lbs) Divide the distance
OK into a like manner of equal parts. From the centre H draw radial lines to the
divisions on the circumference of JE G. From H set off the distance of the nearest
division of OK on the radial line first below H K, and the next division on the next

page_text: radial line, and each successive division on each successive radial line. Lines
intersecting the radial lines at right angles at the distances so set off will form the
boundary of the cam, as indicated by dotted lines in the drawing. The form of cam
B' may be found by rule 2; thus, with 5 lbs at K, and the centre of gravity at M,
15 lbs (the weight on F) to be in equilibrium will be at L, and L F a boundary line.
At division 2 of the circle J E G-each division being 5 lbs-there will be 10 lbs on the
cam B at T, and with the centre of gravity at V, 15 lbs will be in equilibrium at Y,
and Y X a second boundary line. Proceeding in like manner with each division of
the circle JE G the boundary of the cam B¹ will be obtained. The dial may be of
any convenient size, and the weights marked by the cord C or by a pointer depending
from it's centre. The pulley P and weight R, for balancing the machine, may if
desired be omitted and the weight of the machine considered in forming the cam B',
as by rule 3.
It is sometimes desirable to graduate the scale of weights on the dial, making the
divisions wider at the commencement and closer towards the end, because, in most
cases, ounces are of more consideration in small than in large weights-an ounce in
half a pound of tea is more important than an ounce in 30 lbs of beef-and may be
more palpably denoted by the wider spacing. This must be done when spacing out
the divisions for forming the cam.
Figure 8 is a front view, and figure 8 a a side view of another arrangement. A is
a dial only. There is no pulley, and the cords C and D coil on the axle in the same
direction. The cord D marks the weight.
Figure 9 shows another arrangement of the cam pulley and dial on the axle. Other
variations may be made.
I have for the purposes of clearness and simplicity given all weights in pounds only,
but if in any case it should be desired to employ any weight having fractional parts of
a pound, then, for the purpose of working out the form of the cam, all the weights
must be reduced to the same denomination, and the divisions of the dial correspond.
But it may not be necessary to find boundary lines for the cam for each fractional
part, as several may be taken together. For instance, if alb should be the lowest
denomination, it might suffice to take every fourth lb, which would be finding a
boundary line for every pound, as in the examples herein given. Or, if greater
accuracy is required, take every second lb, which would be finding a boundary for
every lb. So in high weights several pounds may be taken together.
Although the dials must be drawn as herein directed for the purpose of finding the
forms of the cams, yet, after the machine is made, a dial, not being also a pulley, and
being provided with a centrally attached pointer, may be fixed in any excentric
position in relation to the axle and the pointer will continue to mark correctly.
Provided always that the weight and balance of the machine, as herein before
described, are maintained. This will be found of great practical convenience by
allowing the dial to be placed in a position best suited to the irregular projection of
the cam from the axle.
.
When an equilibrium is not affected by the weight of the machine but is obtained
solely by the suspended weights, other weights, differing in amount, but of the same
relative proportions, may be substituted, and will give different values to the divisions
on the dial; altering all in the same ratio. A machine constructed to weigh to 16 lbs
will by reducing the weights one half weigh to 8 lbs only, the distance between each
pound marked on the dial being doubled. If the pounds of the weights be reduced to
ounces the figures on the dial, which before denoted pounds, will signify ounces.
Increase of weight in the same proportion.
To effect a like variation when the machine assists equilibrium, it's weight must
vary in the same proportion as the suspended weights. Thus one pattern of machine
may be given various capacities for weighing.
In all cases, to ensure perfect accuracy, the scale on the dial is to be formed by
testing after the machine is made.
The weighing capacity of some of the arrangements shown-such as Figures 2, 4
and 8, where the position of the cord D does not alter in the process of weighing

page_text: may be increased by attaching the lower end of the scale cord D to the free end of a
horizontal lever, the other end turning on a pivot, and the load being suspended from
any convenient point on the lever, as shown at Figure 10. By attaching the end of
the cord D to the lower end of a vertical segment K carried at the free end of the
lever, errors in the weight indicated, which might arise from the stretching or
shrinking of cords, will be avoided, by keeping the cord D always at the same
horizontal distance from the pivot or fulcrum W. A similar segment being provided
for the load cord E which must be attached at the top of the segment. Both segments
must centre at the pivot. The pivot may be fixed in any convenient manner either in
a wall against which the machine may be suspended, or on a suitable frame in connection
with the machine. If necessary the lever may be counterbalanced at N.
The relative positions of the cam pullies and dial on the axle may vary to suit cases.
In order to prevent the suspending cords, or bands, coiling on themselves it is
sometimes desirable to make the points from which they are suspended either wider
apart or closer, as the case may require, than their points of attachment to the machine;
but as this arrangement cannot be applied to the cords or bands winding on pullies, it
will be generally desirable, that the pullies should make rather less than a complete
revolution. This may be effected by leaving a suitable space between the beginning
and end of the scale on the dial.
་
The machine may be suspended from a bracket, or a suitable stand, or from a hook
to be hung up in any convenient place. Such a hook is shown at Figure 11 which
also shows the method of maintaining the horizontal position of the axle of the
machine by means of the adjusting screw X.
The best material for the cords and bands with which I am at present acquainted is
silk, being both strong and flexible two important requisites for the purpose. Some-
times for heavy weights chains may be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The various contrivances combinations and arrangements for weighing and denoting
the weight of bodies, substantially as herein described and drawn, or any modification
thereof.