for Measuring Liquids.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct, 1899-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Device for Measuring Liquids.
We, LEON HOAGE and ALBERT NYVALL, both Citizens of the United States of
America, and both residing at No. 201, Keap Street, in the Borough of Brooklyn,
City and State of New York, U S.A, Manufactures, and JOHN ROBERT TAYLOR, a
Citizen of the United States of America, residing at No 170, Washington Paik
in the Borough of Brooklyn, City and State of New York, USA, Lawyer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same 18 to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
measureis
Our invention relates to vatious improvements in medicine carliers and
The object of our invention is to provide a device of this character
which is simple, cheap and neat, and wherem doses of absolutely accurate propoi-
tions may be measured and consumed, the operation being entirely automatic and
being performed easily and quickly Our invention is based upon the balancing
and overbalancing of hydrostatic columns, and by the correct utilization of well-
known physical lawe, we are enabled to divide a liquid into two parts, one of
which is the desued dose or any other quantity, and to maintain such parts in
then separated condition while the dose or other quantity is removed Broadly
stated, our invention comprises a suitable receptacle, divided into, at least, two
portions, but capable of division into a larger number, and a partition or diaph-
ragm between each two portions, provided with one or more openings or passages
therein, so aanged as to permit a fluid to pass readily from one portion into
another, but to prevent the return of the liquid so separated. The size of the
opening or openings in the diaphagin 18 of such character as to prevent the pas-
sage of the liquid from one chamber to the other when the receptacle is inclined in
a predetermined position, but admitting of the ready passage thereof when inclined
in another predetermined position, thus securing to the operator a full and per-
fect control over the passage of the liquid from one chamber to the other. One
of the portions into which the receptacle is divided may be of the capacity of a
dose or of several doses, in which case it will be suitably calibrated to indicate
doses or any desired quantities of liquid measurement, and the other portion may
be of a larger capacity to contain a sufficient bulk of the liquid for the desired
purpose. Since our device 18 designed particularly for use by persons who may
be required to take liquid medicines at times and under conditions where the
employment of a spoon with ordinary bottles would be inexpedient or unpossible,
we can very conveniently provide the larger portion or chamber of a capacity of,
say, three doses and the smaller portion of, say, one dose When of this 817e,
the entire device will be of a very neat appearance and sufficiently portable as
to be carried in the vest pocket We give these dimensions merely as an illus-
tration of a good embodiment of our invention, but it will be understood, of course,
that the sizes and proportions may be widely varied to meet the uses to which it
may be applied. The character, arrangement and location of the opening or
openings or passage or passages in the partition or diaphragm may also be varied,
without affecting the general operation of the device For example, a single

page_text: slot may be formed in the partition, of a sufficient width as to permit the free
flow of the liquid, when such flow 18 desired, and narrow enough as to allow the
cohesion of the liquid to prevent its return when the liquid above the slot is dis-
posed in a column of substantially uniform height throughout or, in other words,
when the atmospheric pressure beneath the slot sustains a uniform opposing stress
throughout the entire area of the slot O instead, the partition may be pro-
vided with two openings approximately diametrically opposed, and of the proper
size; or with a plurality of such openings arranged diametrically or with thice
openings arranged tuangularly Many other aangements may be conveniently
used In every instance, the size of the one or more passages or openings will
be properly proportioned to prevent the return of the separated quantity of liquid,
it being noted that the viscosity of the liquid laigely determines this factor-
very viscid fluids requiring larger passages than less viscid fluids. The opera-
tion of the device and the general theory upon which it 18 based will be fully
pointed out hereafter
In the drawings,
Figure 1 represents in perspective an embodiment, but not an effective one,
of our invention, showing the diaphragm provided with three passages,
Figure 2, a similar view of an effective embodiment of the invention, showing
a single slot;
Figure 3, a similar view showing an equally effective form, the diaphragm
having a series of diametrically placed passages;
Figure 4, a similar view showing a three-compartment receptacle, for use with
liquids of different viscosities;
Figures 5, 6 and 7, similar views showing the operation of our device
In all the above views, corresponding parts are represented by the same
numerals of reference
In each instance, the receptacle is illustrated as being formed of glass and of
a cylindrical form; Figure 4 showing a tubular bottle, and the remaining figures,
an ordinary medicine vial Any other form or character of receptacle or material
therefor may be employed In Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7, the receptacle is
divided into two portions 1 and 2, by a partition or diaphragm 3 The latter
18 made of any suitable material, preferably elastic and relatively tasteless, such
as cork or rubber. It may be held in place by friction or by a suitable adhesive
or cementing substance, or by being forced into a groove 4 (Figure 2) blown
or otherwise formed in the walls of the receptacle The bottom of the chamber 1
18 closed, and the chamber 2 18 provided with a cork or closure 5 The chamber 1
contains a desired bulk of the fluid, and the chamber 2 receives successively the
portions which are to be removed. The latter may be of a capacity of a dose or
other desired quantity, and it may be suitably calibrated (Figure 2) to represent
different denominations in liquid measurement. The partition or diaphragm 3
is provided with one or more passages therein to permit the free flow of the
liquid from the chamber 1 into the dose chamber 2 when desired, but to prevent
the return of the portion so separated, unless specially effected. In Figure 1, the
partition is provided with three passages 6, 6, 6, disposed in a triangular form,
in Figures 2, 5, 6 and 7, a single diametric slot 7 is used; and in Figure 3, a
series of openings 8, diametrically arranged In Figure 4, the receptacle is pio
vided with a single chamber 1 and two dose chambers 2 and 2, each having a
cork or closure 5 or 5' Two diaphragms 3 and 3¹ are used, each being shown
as having two passages 9, 9 or 91, the formed being larger than the latter for
the reason to be explained.
The operation of the device shown in Figure 2 is made entirely clear in
Figures 5, 6 and 7 The device being held in the position shown in Figure 5
with the slot vertical, liquid may be poured in, and enters the chamber 1 through
the slot The air within the chamber 1 escapes through the upper portion of the
slot above the liquid. When the receptacle is entirely filled, the quantity in
the chamber 2 represents the first dose, or other quantity This may be

page_text: removed from the chamber 2, by holding the slot in a horizontal position
(Figure 6), whereby the hydrostatic pressure on the liquid in the chamber 1
being balanced. no liquid will flow out of said chamber When a quantity is
to be removed, the receptacle is tilted with the slot vertical, as shown in Figure 5,
to over balance the hydiostatic pressure, oi, in other words, to cause the height
of the column at the bottom of the slot to be greater than that at the top, and
hence liquid will again flow through the slot into the chamber 2, the air thus
displaced from said chamber passing through the slot into the chamber 1
When the receptacle is inverted (Figure 7) the chamber 2 will be thus entirely
full By now returning the receptacle to its original position (Figure 2) the
liquid above the diaphragm will not flow back, since the air pressure is equal
upon all portions thereof coincident with the slot In removing the dose, the
cork 5 18 removed, and the dose poured out. the slot being kept horizontal
(Figure 6) Obviously, the operation of the device shown in Figure 3 18 the
same as that just described, the series of openings being the same to all purposes
as the slot With the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the operation is less
perfect In passing the liquid from the chamber 1, it flows through one or two
of the openings 6, au passing back through the other opening or openings, until
the chamber 2 18 entely filled By now quickly inverting the receptacle, the
quantity within the chamber 2 will be retained therein, since the height of the
column above each of the openings will be uniform and the hydrostatic pies-
sue will be in balance If the cork 5 is now removed, and the dose were slowly
pomed out, the balance would be overcome and more or less of the fluid would
return to the compartment 1 With this form of device, therefore it is neces-
sary to very quickly pour out the dose, and hence it is not so effective as the
other forms of our invention already described, where the passages are so dis-
posed as to maintain the hydrostatic balance in any angle to which the receptacle
may be tilted, provided the slots on openings are maintained honzontal, as
explained In Figure 2, the dose chamber is shown as having a suitably gradu-
ated scale, which may be conveniently employed When so used, the intention
is to give to the dose chamber the capacity of a maximum dose, say, a tablespoon-
ful, and to indicate by the calibration, lesser amounts, such as a desert-spoonful
and a tea-spoonful respectively In this way the user may allow the dose cham-
ber to fill up to any desired extent and to thus secure doses of varying quan-
tities With this arrangement, it will be observed that if too much liquid has
flowed into the chamber 2 for the purpose, the surplus may be allowed to return
to the chamber 1 by bringing the slot into its vertical position and by then tilt-
ing the receptacle towards the horizontal (Figure 5).
The arrangement shown in Figure 4 may be used if desired, and it possesses
the advantage that non-viscid or viscid liquids may be measured. When very
viscid liquids are emploved, such as heavy cough-syrups, the receptacle 18 filled
by removing the cork 5, the openings in the partition 31 being too small to
permit the passage of the liquid, which, therefore, fills only the chambers 1 and 2
When non-viscid liquids are used, they are poured in through the other end, and
fill all three chambers 1, 2 and 21 The operation need not be refered to in
detail as it is identical with that already described The liquid 18 permitted to
flow from the chamber 1 into the dose chamber 2 or 21 by maintaining the open-
ings 9, 9 or 91 91 in vertical relation, the liquid passing through the lower open-
ing and air through the upper When the dose chamber is filled, the openings
are maintained horizontal, to balance the hydrostatic pressure, whereby the dose
may he poured out as slowly as may be desired, without any liquid returning
to the chamber 1 or passing out of that chamber The construction of device
shown in Figure 4 illustrates the instructions we have already given, ie that
the size or capacity of the passage or passages in the diaphragm or partition
depends almost entirely upon the viscosity of the liquids and in the individual
cases can be best determined by experiment Thus, with a device such as we
show in Figure 4, the openings 91, 91 may be too small to permit the passage of

page_text: very viscid fluids, while the openings 9, 9 may be too large to prevent the return
of very thin liquids
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is,―
1 As a new article of manufacture, a medicine carrier and measurei compris-
ing a receptacle divided into a plurality of chambers, and a diaphragm between
said chambers, said diaphragm being so perforated as to allow a liqunt, when the
receptacle 18 inclined in a predetermined position, to flow readily from one
chamber to the other, and the reverse flow of air, and not permitting such flow
to occur when the receptacle is in another inclined position, owing to an equiliza-
tion of hydrostatic pressure, substantially as set forth
2 As a new article of manufacture, a medicine carrier and measuiel, com-
pissing a receptacle divided into a plurality of chambers, and a diaphragm between
two of said chambers and perforated in or upon a diameter of said diaphragm,
whereby, by maintaining such diameter in a vertical disposition, a flow of liquid
and, reversely, of air from one chamber to the other may take place, and by
maintaining such diameter in a horizontal position an equalization of hydiostatic
pressure is secured, substantially as set forth
As a new article of manufacture, a medicine canner and measure, compris-
ing a receptacle divided into a plurality of chambers, one of said chambers being
calibrated and a diaphragm between two of said chambers and perforated in or
upon a diameter of said diaphragm, whereby, by maintaining such diameter in
a vertical disposition, a flow of liquid and, reversely, of air from one chamber
to the other may take place, and by maintaining such diameter in a horizontal
position an equalization of hydrostatic pressure is secured, substantially as set
forth
4 As a new article of manufacture, a medicine caer and measure, compris-
ing a receptacle divided into three chambers, two diaphragms separating the cen-
tial chamber from each end chamber, said diaphragms being perforated in or
upon a diameter thereof, and the area of perforation of one being greater than that
of the other, substantially as set forth
5 As a new article of manufacture, a medicine cariier and measurer, compiis-
ing a receptacle divided into a plurality of chambera, said receptacle having a
groove formed in its walls and a diaphragm between two of said chambers, engag-
ing said groove, and perforated in or upon a diameter of said diaphragm,
whereby, by maintaining such diameter in a vertical position, a flow of liquid
and, reversely, of air from one chamber to the other in a horizontal position an
equalization of hydiostatic pressure is secured, substantially as set forth
Datad
Dated th. 2011 oy of Contamba
An 1000
LEON HOAGE,
ALBERT NYVALL,
JOHN ROBERT TAYLOR,
Marks & Clerk,
18, Southampton Buildings, London WC,
13, Temple Street, Bumingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents