IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARN FROM FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cunliffe Lister, of Manningham, in
the County of York, Manufacturer, and James Warburton,
of Addingham, in the same County, Worsted Spinner, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARN FROM
FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 24th January 1853, and dated the 29th November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cunliffe
Lister and James Warburton at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th November 1852.
We, SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER, of Manningham, in the County of
York, Manufacturer, and JAMES WARBURTON, of Addingham, in the
same County, Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARN FEOM
FIBROUS MATERIALS" to be as follows :-
Our improvements consist, first, in drawing a second sliver from
combs known by the trade as "milkings;" secondly, in spinning
the same on machinery for the most part like cotton. We are well
aware that "milkings" have always been drawn from combs in
[Price 8d.1

page_text: hand combing, and frequently by machinery; but such "milkings"
have almost invariably been re-combed and mixed in with the first
sliver or long top. In some instances, however, attempts have been
made to spin the "milkings" without re-combing them, but without
success, owing to the combs from which the "milkings" were drawn
being too coarse; consequently, the yarn was full of noil knots,
trash, and dirt, and also uneven from being spun upon machinery
not adapted to the purpose.
Now, our first improvement consists in drawing "milkings"
from fine combs, say, having not less than ten teeth to the lineal inch.
We do not make any claim to such comb, except when used for draw-
ing "milkings" therefrom. Sometimes when the yarn is intended
to have the character of woollen yarn, we pass the "milkings" first
through a carding engine before being drawn and
spun.
The "milkings," whether carded or not, are then passed through
drawing machinery with rollers not exceeding 14 diameter: this is
important, or good yarn cannot be made. It is then spun in the
usual way. But sometimes we find it advantageous in the spinning
frame to spin the "milkings" together with the long wool; and our
method of doing so is as follows: A, is a roving bobbin containing
the "milkings;" B, is a bobbin containing longer wool (such as
would be drawn from a comb by the first pair of drawing rollers);
the longer wool on the bobbin B, is drawn by the rollers F, 1), C,
and drawn together with the "milkings" upon A, between E, and F,
and are thus received together on to the spindle G.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister and James
Warburton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th May
1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER, of Manningham, in the County of York,

page_text: Manufacturer, and JAMES WARBURTON, of Addingham, in the same
County, Worsted Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in
the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister
and James Warburton, Her special licence that we, the said Samuel
Cunliffe Lister and James Warburton, our executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Samuel Cunliffe
Lister and James Warburton, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time, and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF YARN FROM FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister and James War-
burton, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particu-
larly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that we, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister and
James Warburton, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof (that is to say) :
Our improvements in manufacturing yarn consist in an improved
method of treating milkings. Hitherto milkings have always been
drawn from combs in hand combing, and frequently by machinery;
but such milkings have almost invariably been re-combed and mixed
in with the first sliver or long top. Our improvement consists in
spinning such milkings by themselves when drawn from machines,

page_text: similar to those patented by Lister and Donisthorpe, as in those
machines the fibrous material is laid more parallel, which enables
the drawing rollers to take hold of and draw out first the long fibres,
and leaving the short to be drawn separately; but we do not confine
ourselves to the form of the machines so long as the comb from
which the fibrous material is drawn shall not have less than twelve
teeth to the lineal inch. We do not make any claim to such combs
except when used for drawing milkings therefrom. Sometimes when
yarn is intended to have the character of woollen yarn, wo pass the
milkings first through a carding engine before being drawn and spun.
The milkings, whether carded or not, are then passed through
drawing machinery with rollers not exceeding 14 inches diameter:
this is important, otherwise the yarn will not be so good. But
sometimes we find it advantageous in the spinning frame to spin the
milkings together with the long wool after being roved separately;
and our method of doing so is as follows: A, is a roving of "milk-
ings;"B, is a roving of long top (such as would be drawn from a
comb by the first pair of drawing rollers); the long wool B, is
drawn by the rollers F, D, C, and drawn together with the milkings
upon A, between E, and F, and are then received together on to the
spindle G.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister and
James Warburton, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Twenty-eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-threc.
Witness,
FREDK. HARRIS.
S. C. LISTER.
(L.S.)
JAMES WARBURTON. (L.S.)