IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-VALVES, COCKS, OR TAPS FOR STEAM, WATER, OR OTHER FLUID UNDER PRESSURE."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Margerison, of White Windsor Soap Works,
Preston, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOP-VALVES, COCKS, OR TAPS FOR STEAM, WATER, OR OTHER FLUID UNDER
PRESSURE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Margorison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th October 1881.
JAMES MARGERISON, of White Windsor Soap Works. Preston, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-VALVES, COCKS, OR TAPS FOR STEAM,
WATER, OR OTHER FLUID UNDER PRESSURE."
This Invention has for its object a cock, tap, or stop valve, which shall be held
to its seat by the pressure of the fluid in part, and the greater the pressure of fluid
the firmer it is held to its seat. In short, a valve or cock that will not casily leak
and the tendency of which is to more accurately bed itself with wear.
It consists, firstly, in a valve of the ordinary mushroom order resting on the
pressure side of its seat, and preferably held down by a spring weight or other
inechanism so as not to open with a moderate back pressure; secondly, in a cam or
its mechanical equivalent placed below or beyond the valve so as to force the valve
back from its seat when the spindle carrying it is turned.
This spindle I prefer to make slightly conical and turned true to its socket so
that it shall not require stuffing box and packing. Sometimes I make it with a
single short cone on a cylindrical or nearly cylindrical spindle, fitting a socket
with corresponding contour. It can then be adjusted and wear or slack taken
up by means of a screw on the spindle, and a nut washer and lock nut or equivalent
mechanism.
To give the cam a secure support I bring the spindle entirely through the
globular chamber in the pipe, and give it a bearing in the walls of the chamber at
both onde

page_text: Instead of one valve two can be used one above the other below the spindle
and cam, the entrance and exit valve respectfully, and instead of an entrance
valve to the globular chamber an exit valve only could be used, lifted by the cam
by means of a strap.
The crosspiece or guide to the spindle of the valve can, if desirable, be threaded
and screwed into the screwed joint of the cock, which joint can be made long
and deep enough to hold both guide and the screwed end of the adjoining length
of pipe.
One advantage in my valve is that the water has a continuous course, the valve
being placed exactly in the line of pipe.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Margerison in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th April
1882.
JAMES MARGERISON, of White Windsor Soap Works, Preston, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-VALVES, COCKS, OR TAPS FOR STEAM,
WATER, OR OTHER FLUID UNDER PRESSURE."
This Invention has for its object a cock, tap, or stop valve, which shall be held
to its seat by the pressure of the fluid in part, and the greater the pressure of fluid
the firmer it is held to its seat. In short a valve or cock that will not easily leak
and the tendency of which is to more accurately bed itself with wear.
It consists, firstly, in a valve of the ordinary mushroom order resting on the
pressure side of its seat, and preferably held down by a spring weight or other
mechanism so as not to open with a moderate back pressure; secondly, in a device
placed below or beyond the valve so as to force the valve back from its seat when
the spindle carrying said device is turned.
This spindle I prefer to make slightly conical and turned true to its socket so
that it shall not require stuffing box and packing, or preferably with a singlo
short cone on a cylindrical or nearly cylindrical spindle, fitting a socket with
corresponding contour. It can then be adjusted and wear or slack taken up by
means of a screw on the spindle, and a nut, washer, and lock nut or equivalent
mechanism.
To give the cam a secure support in large cocks or valves, I bring the spindle
entirely through the globular chamber in the pipe and give it a bearing in the walls
of the chamber at both ends.
In the Drawings Fig. 1 shows a vertical section; Fig. 2, transverse vertical
section. In these A is the body of the cock; B, entrance; C, exit; D, valve;
E, valve spindle; F, guide for spindle in separate screwed piece; G, valve seat;
H, spring to keep valve down; I, cam to actuate valve; J, spindle, it can be and
is in large valves produced beyond the cam, and has a bearing below in the cock
body; K, conical shoulder to keep the cock tight; L, nut with male screw fitting
into body of valve; M, washer; N, tightening nut to take slack on the shoulder K.;
P, enlarged portion of body of cock so as to enable a larger valve to be used.
The mode of action is as follows:-The whole screwed up as in Fig. 1, the handle
is turned till the cam is turned sufficiently to press back spindle E, raise the valve,
and allow fluid to pass; by turning the handle round, the cam is removed from
spindle E and the spring and pressure of fluid close the valve.
If desired, by placing the valve spindle a little out of the centre, and giving the
valve cam some leverage the cock can be made to remain open only while being
held, the pressure of the fluid and spring acting on the leverage of the cam closing
the cock at other times.
It will be seen at once that this valve could be altered by placing the valvo
beyond the cam spindle, and providing it with a strap or loop encircling the cam,
the cam would then pull the valve open instead of pushing. And in some cases
for additional security there could be two valves independent of each other, one on
each side of the cam spindle, one pushed, and the other pulled open by the same
cam, or by two cams on the same spindle; but these are unnecessary complications,
and I merely mention them as clumsy infringements of what I wish to claim.
Having now described my Invention, and the best mode known to me of
carrying it into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I believe to be

page_text: nam
is,—
and desire to protect under the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Potent
1st. The manufacture of stop valves, cocks, or taps for steam or other fluid under
pressure, in which the valve opens against the direct pressure of the water by
means of a cam or lever pressing or pulling it off its scats, substantially as above
described.
2nd. A ston cock constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purposes.
is,-
1st. The manufacture of stop valves, cocks, or taps for steam or other fluid under
pressure, in which the valve opens against the direct pressure of the water by
means of a cam or lever pressing or pulling it off its seats, substantially as above
described.
2nd. A stop cock constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purposes.
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Margerison, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirtieth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
JAMES MARGERISON. (L.S.)