IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING CUTTERS, REAMERS, FLAT CUTTERS, AND OTHER TOOLS USED IN MILLING, TURNING, PLANING, SHAPING, BORING, AND SLOTTING METAL."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Muir, of the Firm of Muir and Co., of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING CUTTERS, REAMERS, FLAT CUTTERS, AND OTHER
TOOLS USED IN MILLING, TURNING, PLANING, SHAPING, BORING, AND
SLOTTING METAL."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Muir at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th October 1880.
ALFRED MUIR, of the Firm of William Muir & Co., of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING CUTTERS,
REAMERS, FLAT CUTTERS, AND OTHER TOOLS USED IN MILLING, TURNING,
PLANING, SHAPING, BORING, AND SLOTTING METAL.”
My Invention is applicable to cylindrical milling cutters and globe shaped
cutters, and to cylindrical cutters having curved, rounded, taper, or flat ends; also
to face cutters, and to reamers of any of the shapes above mentioned, and to flat
cutters.
I form the teeth on the cutter or reamer in the usual way, and then make spiral
grooves round it, thus dividing the faces of the cutting edges.
When the spiral groove is made there is only clearance at one side of the spiral
groove; I then cut out sufficient for clearance at the other side of the groove, and
thus give clearance at both sides of the cutting edges.
I groove the end or face of the cutter or reamer in a similar manner.
In making flat cutters or tools for planing, turning, or other machines, instead of
taking one unbroken cut, as is usual, say, in traverse from 1/4 in. upwards, my
improvement consists in making a cutting tool as wide as is found most convenient
for the work under operation. I divide the cutting edge into several parts, for
instance, in taking a cut off a surface of 6 in. wide in a planing machine my tool
will be about 5'/, ins. wide, and by forming grooves in this tool, by two movements
of the table, and by traversing the tool across by two movements, the work is done.
Of course I do not limit myself to the above traverse, whatever traverse is now
done by one unbroken cutting edge, this may be improved upon by my Invention
by increasing the width of the cutting edge, and putting one or more grooves in.
In forming the milling cutters, reamers, or other tools, they may be built up
instead of being made in one piece.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alfred Muir in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th April 1881.
ALFRED MUIR, of the Firm of William Muir and Co., of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer. “IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLING CUTTERS,
REAMERS, FLAT CUTTERS, AND OTHER TOOLS USED IN MILLING, TURNING,
PLANING, SHAPING, BORING, AND SLOTTING METAL."
My Invention is applicable to cylindrical milling cutters and globe shaped
cutters, and to cylindrical cutters having curved, rounded, taper, or flat ends; also
to face cutters, and to reamers of any of the shapes above mentioned, and to flat
cutters.
I form the teeth or cutting edges of the cutter or reamer in the usual way, and
then make spiral grooves round it, thus dividing the faces of the cutting edges, and
forming a number of teeth or cutting faces.
•
When the spiral groove is made thero is only clearance at one side of the spiral
groove; I then cut out sufficient for clearance at the other side of the groove,
making the groove wider at the bottom than at the top, and leaving the cutting
edge wider than any other part of the tooth. I thus give clearance at both sides
of the cutting edges; or I make each tooth narrower at the back than at the face,
so that when the face enters the metal in cutting thero is clearance on each side of
the tooth.
I groove the end or face of the cutter or reamer in a similar manner.
In making flat cutters or tools for planing, turning, or other machines, I divido
the cutting edge, as shown in the Drawing, so that the cutter instead of taking
one unbroken cut shall cut several grooves or slots in the metal under operation,
the intervening strips being removed at the next cut. A large surface may thus
be finished rapidly and smoothly.
On the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section, and Fig. 2
is a plan of a milling cutter made according to my Invention; and Figs. 3 and 4
show the cutting edges of two flat cutters made according to my Invention.
I am aware that prior to my Invention milling cutters have been made with one
or more grooves extending round them, I therefore do not claim a groove or grooves
made in milling cutters or reamers in the ordinary manner, but what I claim as my
Invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,-
1. A spiral groove or grooves formed in milling cutters and reamers, the groove
or grooves being cut out so as to give clearance at each side of the cutting edges
intersected by the said groove or grooves, substantially as shown and described.
2. Making the teeth or cutting projections formed on milling cutters or on
reamers by the longitudinal and spiral grooves narrower at the back than at the
face, as and for the purpose described.
3. Flat cutters for turning, plaining, shaping, boring, and slotting metal with the
cutting edge grooved or divided, substantially as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Muir, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty eighth day of April, One thousand eight hundred and