IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER MACHINERY
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Keyworth, of Blue Court, Boston, Lincoln-
shire, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Keyworth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
November 1862.
I, THOMAS KEYWORTH, of Blue Court, Boston, Lincolnshire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER
MACHINERY," to be 'as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain new and improved mechanical arrange-
ments and combinations consituting improved motive-power machinery, and
the Invention consists of a series of jointed levers all of the same length
excepting the last lever, which may be either longer or shorter than the
other levers, and may be either jointed or not, the fulcrum of each jointed
lever aforesaid should be so placed as to give a lever power of 3 to 1;
these levers I propose to arrange and dispose side by side as follows:-
. I place the second lever with its short arm opposite to the long arm of the
first lever, and the third lever I 'arrange the same as the first, and in this
manner I arrange the several levers with respect to each other. In connection
with the long arm of each jointed lever aforesaid, I employ a jointed metal
belt passing around two rollers placed one above the other, and to this belt I
connect the long arm of the jointed lever aforesaid the rollers aforesaid are

page_text: each mounted on one end of a spindle working in suitable bearings, and on
the other end of said spindle a pinion is fixed, said pinions taking into the teeth
of a sun-and-planet wheel, the axis whereof is midway between the axes of
the two rollers aforesaid. The outer rim of the aforesaid sun-and-planet wheel
has bevelled teeth formed thereon which gear into a bevelled pinion fixed on
a cranked spindle revolving crosswise of the axis of the aforesaid sun-and-planet
wheel. The two cranks of the aforesaid cranked spindle are formed at right
angles or nearly so to each other and are connected each by a horizontal rod
to two other similar cranks on a spindle placed parallel to the first-named
cranked spindle, the use of said rods being to pass the null points of said
cranks. I would here remark that when more than one jointed lever aforesaid
is employed, I employ a sun-and-planet wheel and jointed belt before described
to each and every jointed lever employed for imparting motion thereto. The
short end of each jointed lever is connected by a vertical rod to another
cranked spindle or shaft for imparting rotary motion thereto, I also propose
to fix a fly wheel on the end of said spindle or shaft. The motive power
obtained by the above improved machinery may be transmitted in any
convenient manner according to the purpose for which it is required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Keyworth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
KEYWORTH, of Blue Court, Boston, Lincolnshire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Keyworth, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Key-
worth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Keyworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOTIVE-POWER MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Thomas Keyworth, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in

page_text: writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Keyworth, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to certain new and improved mechanical arrange-
ments and combinations constituting improved motive-power machinery,
and the Invention consists of a series of jointed levers all of the same length
excepting the last lever which may be either longer .or shorter than the other
levers and may be either jointed or not. The fulcrum of each jointed lever
aforesaid should be so placed as to give a lever power of 3 to 1; these levers
I propose to arrange and dispose side by side as follows:-
I place the second lever with its short arm opposite to the long arm of
the first lever, and the third lever I arrange the same as the first lever, and
in this manner I arrange the several levers with respect to each other.
In connection with the long arm of each jointed lever aforesaid I employ
a jointed metal belt passing around two rollers, placed one above the other,
and to this belt I connect the long arm of the jointed lever aforesaid. The
rollers aforesaid are each mounted on one end of a spindle working in suitable
bearings, and on the other end of said spindle a pinion is fixed said pinion
taking into the teeth of a sun-and-planet wheel, the axis whereof is midway
between the axes of the two rollers aforesaid. The outer rim of the aforesaid
sun-and-planet wheel has bevelled teeth formed thereon which gear into a
bevelled pinion fixed on a cranked spindle revolving crosswise of the axis of
the aforesaid sun-and-planet wheel. The two cranks of the aforesaid cranked
spindle are formed at right angles or nearly so to each other and are connected
each by a horizontal rod to two other similar cranks on a spindle placed
parallel to the first-named cranked spindle, the use of said rods being to pass
the mill points of said cranks. I would here remark that when more than one
jointed lever aforesaid is employed, I employ a sun-and-planet wheel and
jointed belt before described, to each and every jointed lever employed for
imparting motion thereto. The short end of each jointed lever is connected by
a vertical rod to another cranked spindle or shaft for imparting rotary motion
thereto. I also propose to affix a fly wheel on the end of said spindle or shaft.
The motive-power obtained by the above improved machinery may be trans-

page_text: marked thereon respetory
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed according to my said
Invention, the front framing being removed; Figure 2 a top plan view of
Figure 1. At each of said Figures similar letters of reference are placed
upon corresponding parts.
A is a jointed lever of which there may be several, all of one length except
the last lever, which, if preferred, may be either longer or shorter according to
the object in view. Each lever has a long arm a and short arm b, their relative
proportions being three to one. The joints are on the long arms, and may be
placed at any convenient point between the fulcrum and purchase end so as
to admit of this end of said lever travelling round, the belt rollers C and D
without making two great an angle. The levers A may be variously arranged
either side by side, or one over the other, as may be found convenient according
to the object in view, with their ends relatively reversed, in which position the
fulcrum or short end of one lever is connected to the long or purchase end of
another lever as before stated, and works same by means of a belt which may
be of various kinds or forms revolving on two rollers C, D, which also may be
of various forms or kinds corresponding with the kind or form of belt preferred
or employed with them. To this belt the long or purchase end of a jointed
lever A is attached and thereby carried through the whole of its prescribed
space. For this purpose the belt and rollers are placed in a vertical position
in front of the said lever end and on the ends of two revolving axles or shafts
E, G, which run horizontally in a line parallel to the lever A at equal distances
below and above the central point thereof.
On the opposite ends of these axles or shafts E, G, are placed in a vertical
position two small toothed wheels or pinions c, d, which take or gear into the
interior toothed rim of a larger wheel H which encircles them and acts thereon;
the exterior surface of the rim of this said wheel is bevelled and toothed and is
acted upon by another or driving wheel I of smaller dimensions, which is also
bevelled and toothed. The axle or shaft K of this last-named wheel runs
horizontally and passes midway between the aforesaid roller axles, intersecting

page_text: the same at right angles. On the axle or shaft f is a crank L to which is
connected a regulator or coupling rod e, the other end of which is connected to
another crank M to answer the two-fold purpose of regulating the motion and
passing the dead points of the cranks. To another crank N is attached the short
end of a lever A by means of a rod O connected to another crank P for
imparting motion to the driving wheel I and pinions and wheels connected
therewith. If several levers are employed in the same machine then the fore-
going description of combinations and appliances will apply to every additional
lever except the last one of the series, which, as aforesaid, if preferred may be
either longer or shorter and may be finished off with some other appliances as
may be found convenient according to the object in view. The principle of
this Invention, consists,-
First, in the adoption of an endless belt to carry the long end of a lever
through its prescribed space in like manner as by a crank proportioned to this
end would do, but in lieu thereof, whereby theoretically a saving of one-third of
the circumferential space described by such a crank as aforesaid is effected
whilst the diametrical space still remains the same.
And, secondly, in the solution of the problem as to what the relative propor-
tions the arms of a lever should be in order to admit of the circumferential
dimensions of a belt and driving wheel being theoretically the same whilst at
the same time the semi-radius of such driving wheel is likewise, the same as
that of a crank proportioned to the short end of a lever. The entire lengths
of the levers may be varied, but the relative proportions of their arms
must in all cases be three to one, no other proportions being found to give the
same results as these.
Having now fully described the nature and object of my said Invention
of "Improvements in Motive-power Machinery," I hereby declare my Inven-
tion to consist in and I claim the mechanical arrangements and combinations
above described and represented as consituting my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Keyworth, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
THOMAS KEYWORTH. (L.S.)