IMPROVEMENTS IN PRIME MOVERS AND APPARATUS ACTUATED PRESSURE, APPLICABLE ALSO WHOLLY OR IN PART TO PUMPS AND OTHER APPARATUS." BY FLUID
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Newton and John Cowper at
. the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1879.
JAMES NEWTON, of Waterhead Mill, Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, and
JOHN COWPER, of Hurst Mount, Ashton under Lyne, in the same County...
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRIME MOVERS AND APPARATUS ACTUATED
PRESSURE, APPLICABLE ALSO WHOLLY OR IN PART TO PUMPS AND OTHER
APPARATUS."
BY FLUID
Our Invention relates principally to steam engines, hydraulic engines, gas
engines, steam and other pumps and similar apparatus, but is also applicable in
part to the valves which are employed to control the admission of the acting fluid
to hydraulic and other apparatus. The first part of our Invention has for its prin-
cipal object to dispense with the slide bars and connecting rods or links of steam
engines. We connect the outer end of the piston rod with a crank which is fixed
or formed upon a shaft which is mounted to revolve in a bearing in or upon a second
crank or disc, or part which is fixed or formed on the main crank or fly wheel shaft.
The circle formed around the axis of the first crank, having the length of the said
crank for a radius, is arranged to roll upon and inside of a second circle of twice
the radius. In practice the smaller circle is the pitch line of a spur-wheel which is
fixed or formed to or upon the said crank, the larger circle being the pitch line of a
fixed internal spur wheel which is concentric with the axis of the main crank shaft. By
means of the indicated arrangement the crank pins of the first crank is constrained to
move to and fro in a straight line whilst the axis of the said crank revolves around
the axis of the main crank shaft, and imparts a rotatory movement to such shaft.
This part of our Invention is also applicable to pumps and other apparatus wherein
a reciprocating motion is required to be obtained from a revolving shaft or part.
The second part of our Invention relates principally to the slide valves of prime
movers, and has for its object to reduce the frictional load upon such valves.
Taking, for example, the common arrangement of three ports in the valve face, we
form a steam port on one or on each side of the three ordinary ports, but preferably
arranged at right angles therewith, and we formn the slide valve with a port or with
ports which is or are so arranged as that a communication is maintained with the
said steam ports during the times when it is necessary that steam should flow into
the cylinder. The side port or each side port in the valve communicates with two
ports, through which steam is delivered to the ordinary cylinder ports. The side

page_text: port or each side port in the cylinder face communicates with a passage, through
which steam flows from the valve-box. The valve is forced towards the valve face
to a certain extent, and is forced away to a certain extent, and the difference
between these two forces constitutes the load upon the valve. This part of our
Invention is also applicable to the valves of hydraulic and other apparatus, and to
the valves of prime movers other than steam engines.