Improvements in the Manufacture of Earthenware Troughs for Carry- ing Electric Cables, and Analogous Purposes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Earthenware Troughs for Carry-
ing Electric Cables, and Analogous Purposes.
I, GEORGE HINDE NISBETT, of Ashfield, Huyton. in the County of Lancaster,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to the manufacture of earthenware troughs,
primarily for carrying electric cables, but it is also applicable to analogous
purposes, as for carrying pipes or conduits requiring protection. For instance, it
has reference to troughs or troughing of the character set forth in my former
Patent No. 462 of 1898; and more particularly that portion having reference to
the construction shewn in Figure 5 of the Complete Specification of that Patent.
The chief object of the present invention is to provide troughing for the
purposes referred to with a socketted joint; and according to this invention the
socketted troughing is made of earthenware, by first forming oval socketted
pipes, by machinery adapted to make such pipes, with a deep longitudinal nick
down each side across the narrow diameter on the outside or inside, and then
baking the pipes; after which, and before use, they are split in halves down the
nicks, and then constitute two socketted troughs; that is a socket will exist at
one end of each to receive the end of the adjacent trough, which will be formed
with a spigot in most cases.
In the manufacture, therefore, it will be seen an ordinary socketted pipe making
machine, with dies adapted to form the nicks, as described, is adapted to make
two troughs simultaneously in each operation, and which are temporarily in one
piece; and further the pipes so made after baking will be sent to the work or
place they are to be used in, in the undivided form, and then split there, as they
are capable of being hauled and handled with less liability of breakage in the
united than the split form.
In some cases, the sockets or troughs have a small portion at each side flattened
in order that they will rest firmly in the bottom of the trench without a tendency
to turn over.
Over the open part of the trough, detachable covers such as a tile or brick will
be placed.
L 1000

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Earthenware Troughs for Carry
ing Electric Cables, and Analogous Purposes.
I, GEORGE HINDE NISBETT, of Ashfield, Huyton, in the County of Lancaster,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to the manufacture of earthenware troughs,
primarily for carrying electric cables, but it is also applicable to analogous
purposes, as for carrying pipes or conduits requiring protection. For instance, it
has reference to troughs or troughing of the character set forth in my former
Patent No. 462 of 1898; and more particularly that portion having reference to
the construction shewn in Figure 5 of the Complete Specification of that Patent.
According to this invention socketted troughing is made of earthenware, by
first forming oval socketted pipes, preferably by machinery adapted to make such
pipes, with a deep longitudinal nick down each side across the narrow diameter
on the outside or inside; and then baking the pipes after which, and before
use, they are split in halves down the nicks, and then constitute two troughs;
that is, a socket will exist at one end of each to receive the end of the adjacent
trough, which will be formed with a spigot in most cases.
In the manufacture, therefore, it will be seen an ordinary pipe making machine,
with dies adapted to form the pipes and nicks, as described, may be adapted to
make two troughs simultaneously in cach operation, and which are temporarily in
ne piece and further, the pipes so made after baking may be sent to the works
or place they are to be used in. in the undivided form, and then split there, as
they are capable of being hauled and handled with less liability to breakage in the
united than the split form.
In some cases, the sockets of the troughs have a small portion at each side
flattened in order that they will rest firmly in the bottom of the trench without
a tendency to turn over.
Over the open part of the trough, detachable covers such as a tile or brick
will be placed.
In the drawings which illustrate this invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation,
partly in section, shewing the troughing of earthenware, in the form of an oval
pipe, with socket and spigot according to this invention and Figure 2 is an end
view, half in section, viewed from the sprocket end.
Figure 3 is a perspective view shewing the troughing when laid.
Referring to the drawings, a represents the body of the pipe; b is the socket
at one end of the body; and the spigot at the opposite end of the body. repre-
sents the nicks across the narrow diameter of the pipe.
The oval pipe or article, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, is as it comes out of the
machine by which it may be conveniently made, that is, machinery such as is
used for making socketted pipes, provided with suitable modified dies to produce
the oval form, and in this form it is baked and afterwards, preferably, but not
necessarily, sent in this oval pipe form to the work or place where they are to
be used, when they are split in any suitable way along the nicks d, and formed
into two troughs.
Figure 3 shews the trough as it will be laid, namely, with the spigot portion e
fitting in the socket : which it may practically fill, or may be embedded in a
lining of cement or other suitable material therein.
The cable is laid in the troughing or conduit similarly as in my former Patent

page_text: referred to, that is to say, encased or surrounded, and filled in with bitumen, or
other equivalent material; and in most cases, but not necessarily always, a cover
of any suitable form, such as tiles of any convenient form, may be laid over the
length, as a further protection.
In some cases, as shewn in Figure 1, the pipe sockets are slightly flattened at
the opposite sides or parts which will rest on the ground, so as to afford by
that configuration and form a means of obviating the tendency to tumble over
when being laid. The spigots c in such cases may be correspondingly formed.
In other cases where this formation of socket is not required, they may be made
similar in form to that of the body a.
With regard to the nicks, in the drawings they are shewn on the outside only,
but they may be formed on the inside or outside, or both.
In some cases, if desired, the troughing described may be made of cement, or
cement concrete, or analogous material, in lieu of earthenware. Also in special
cases, or where desired, the troughing with sockets and spigots may be made in
semi-oval form, by producing direct a troughing having a body, made sub-
stantially of half the section shewn in Figure 2, and with socket joints, b, and
spigot ends c, adapted to fit into such sockets, as herein described. That is to say,
a troughing or conduit can be made as shewn in Figure 3 in the first instance.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
1. The herein described improved troughs or conduits for carrying electric
cables and analogous purposes, made from pipes of oval or like form in section,
having longitudinal grooves down each side in the plane of the minor axis.
2. Pipes for use for electric cables and analogous purposes, made of oval or like
form in section, and having longitudinal grooves down each side in about the
plane of the minor axis; substantially as set forth.
3. The pipes or troughs having a socket at one end, and a spigot at the other;
as set forth and shewn in the drawings.
Dated this 15th day of May 1900.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents,
15, Water Street, Liverpool.