IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR UTILIZING EXHAUST STEAM FOR WARMING BUILDINGS AND D PRO RAILWAY CARRIAGES, HEATING AIR, AND OTHER LIKE USES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Fairfax Oddy, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE
EMPLOYED FOR UTILIZING EXHAUST STEAM FOR WARMING BUILDINGS AND
D
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Fairfax Oddy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd October 1872.
I, FAIRFAX ODDY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
TO BE EMPLOYED FOR UTILIZING EXHAUST STEAM FOR WARMING BUILDINGS AND
RAILWAY CARRIAGES, HEATING AIR, AND OTHER LIKE USES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the construction and use of improved
apparatus whereby exhaust steam may be more successfully utilized,
directed, and controlled, when employed for warming buildings and
railway carriages, heating air, and other like uses.

page_text: When employing exhaust steam for warming buildings, heating drying
rooms, and similar uses, the exhaust steam is first admitted to a doublo
valve, one outlet of which is in communication with the circulating
pipes, the other outlet of the said valve being the blow off or escape.
This valve comprises a suitable casing, having flanges to which to
connect the feed, circulating, and waste pipes. Within the casing is a
valve spindle, on which are two valves; the valve spindle is by means of
a crank or link connected with a weighted lever which keeps the "waste
valve" closed, so that the steam will pass by way of the "circulating
valve" way to the pipes for heating; should however the quantity of
steam be greater than required, the waste valve will be so acted on as to
open or partially open, and by means of such, and the crank or link, and
the lever to which it is attached, partially close the circulating valve,
and so control the entrance of steam to the circulating or heating
pipes.
In order to control and to secure a more complete circulation of the
steam within and through the pipes, I attach at any convenient part or
point of the piping a mercurial valve constructed as follows:-A casing
having inlet and two outlet ways; within the casing I have a valve con-
nected by spindle with a mercurial cylinder; when the quantity of
steam passing to the casing is in excess the heat expands the mercury
and so draws by means of the spindle the valve affixed thereto over the
and closes the same. The steam now raises a drop valve and
passes out by way of the waste pipe.
valve
way
When employing exhaust steam for the purpose of heating or warming
railway carriages, I employ an ordinary straight pipe along the roof of
each carriage, and "couple" or connect the pipes on the various
carriages by means of the following apparatus :-To each end of the
"roof pipes " I screw on a collar or casing containing a spring valve;
the other or open end of the collar or casing is also chased or screwed,
and on which I screw a cap affixed to one end of a flexible tube, a like
connecting and a horizontal valve being employed for connecting the
other end of the said tube to the roof pipe of the next carriage, and so
the connection is complete. The water of condensation lodging in the
pendant or syphon bend of the flexible tube I discharge by means of a
syphon pipe affixed to the bend of the tubing, and in the upper portion
of the said syplion discharge pipe I place a valve which will be lowered
from its scat by gravitation when a quantity of water accumulates

page_text: within the syphon and so discharge the water, the pressure of steam
again closing the valve, a like arrangement being employed for
discharging the water of condensation from the pipes placed within
or under the carriages for heating the same. On disconnecting the
carriage it is only necessary to unscrew the coupling, the horizontal
valve shutting off and preventing any escape of steam without the
necessity of use of taps.
When employing the exhaust steam from steam hammers, I have a
like arrangement of horizontal valve, and employ in connection with the
exhaust steam pipe a cylinder closed at both ends leaving a space or
chamber at each end or at the top and bottom thereof, the interior
between the chambers being occupied by tubes supplied by an external
pipe with air or water, such being conducted by other pipes to the joint
or place required, and one or more of such conducting air or water pipes
may be encased concentrically by an outer tubing, the space between
the two being occupied by exhaust steam. The water of condensation
is discharged from the cylinder by means of the same construction of
syphon valve pipe as described in connection with the utilizing steam for
warming railway carriages.
In connection with the piping employed for warming buildings I
employ at the terminating end thereof a mercurial valve similar to that
herein-before described, so as to admit of the discharge of air from the
piping, such valve being enclosed in a casing having an escape or safety
valve attached thereto.
5 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Fairfax Oddy, in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd April 1873.
0
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FAIRFAX
ODDY, of Bradford, in the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Fairfax Oddy, Her special licence that I,

page_text: the said Fairfax, Oddy, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Fairfax Oddy, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agreo with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
FOR UTILIZING EXHAUST STEAM FOR WARMING BUILDINGS AND RAILWAY CARRIAGES,
HEATING AIR, AND OTHER LIKE USES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Fairfax Oddy, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Fairfax Oddy, do hereby declare tlie
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, and accompanying Sheets of Drawings, that is to
say:
This Invention has for its object the construction and use of improved
apparatus whereby exhaust steam may be more successfully utilized,
directed, and controlled, when employed for warming buildings and
railway carriages, heating air, and other like uses.
When employing exhaust steam for warming buildings, heating drying
rooms, and similar uses, the exhaust steam is first admitted to a double
valve, one outlet of which is in communication with the circulating
pipes, the other outlet of the said valve being the blow off or escape.
This valve comprises a suitable casing having flanges to which to
connect the feed, circulating, and waste pipes. Within the casing is a
valve spindle, on which are two valves; the valve spindle is by means of
a crank or link connected with a weighted lever which keeps the "waste
valve" closed, so that the steam will pass by way of the " circulating
valve" way to the pipes for heating; should however the quantity of
steam bo greater than required, the waste valve will be so acted on as to
open or partially open, and by means of such, and the crank or link, and
the lever to which it is attached, partially close the circulating valve,

page_text: and so control the entrance of steam to the circulating or heating
pipes.
In order to control and to secure a more complete circulation of the
steam within and through the pipes, I attach at any convenient part or
point of the piping a mercurial valve constructed as follows:-A casing
having inlet and two outlet ways; within the casing I have a valve
connected by spindle with a mercurial cylinder; when the quantity of
steam passing to the casing is in excess the heat expands the mercury
and so draws by means of the spindle the valve affixed thereto over the
valve way, and so closes the same. The steam now raises a drop valve
and passes out by way of the waste pipe.
When employing exhaust steam for the purpose of heating or warming
railway carriages, I employ an ordinary straight pipe along the roof of
each carriage, and "couple" or connect the pipes on the various
carriages by means of the following apparatus:-To each end of the
"roof pipes" I screw on a collar or casing containing a spring valve; the
other or open end of the collar or casing is also chased or screwed, and
on which I screw a cap affixed to one end of a flexible tube, a like con-
necting and a horizontal valve being employed for connecting the other
end of the said tube to the roof pipe of the next carriage, and so the
connection is complete. The water of condensation lodging in the
pendant or syphon bend of the flexible tube I discharge by means of a
syphon pipe affixed to the bend of the tubing, and in the upper portion
of the said syphon discharge pipe I place a valve which will be lowered
from its seat by gravitation when a quantity of water accumulates
within the syphon and so discharge the water, the pressure of steam
again closing the valve, a like arrangement being employed for dis-
charging the water of condensation from the pipes placed within or
under the carriages for heating the same. On disconnecting the
carriages it is only necessary to unscrew the coupling, the horizontal
valve shutting off and preventing any escape of steam without the
necessity of the use of taps.
When employing the exhaust steam from steam hammers I have a
like arrangement of horizontal valve, and employ in connection with the
exhaust steam pipe a cylinder closed at both ends, leaving a space or
chamber at each end or at the top and bottom thereof; the interior
between the chambers being occupied by tubes supplied by an external
pipe with air or water, such being conducted by other pipes to the point

page_text: or place required, and one or more of such conducting air or water pipes
may be encased concentrically by an outer tubing, the space between
the two being occupied by exhaust steam. The water of condensation is
discharged from the cylinder by means of the same construction of
syphon valve pipe as described in connection with the utilizing steam for
warming railway carriages.
In connection with the piping employed for warming buildings, I
employ at the terminating end thereof a mercurial valve similar to that
herein-before described, so as to admit of the discharge of air from the
piping, such valve being enclosed in a casing having an escape or safety
valve attached thereto.
.
Such being the nature and object of this my said Invention, I will
now proceed to describe the same in detail, and in order that the whole
may be clearly understood, I have hereunto annexed four Sheets of
Drawings, and have marked the same with figures and letters of 1
reference, the same letter referring to the same part in the various views
or figures.

page_text: B' being the blow off or escape. C is the valve casing; C₁ are flanges for
connecting the valve to the feed, circulating, and waste pipes; C³ is a valve
spindle on which are the valves C³ and C*; the valve spindle C² is by
means of a crank or link C' connected with a weighted lever C, which
keeps the "waste valve" C* closed so that the steam will pass by way
of the "circulating valve" way Cs to the pipes B³ for heating; should
however the quantity of steam be greater than required, the waste valve
C* will be so acted on as to open or partially open, and by means of such
and the crank or link C and the lever C to which it is attached
partially close the circulating valve C³, and so control the entrance of
steam to the circulating or heating pipes.
In order to control and to secure a more complete circulation of the
steam within and through the pipes, I attach at any convenient part or
point of the piping a mercurial valve E (see Fig. 6) constructed as
follows: A casing E¹ having an inlet and an outlet way; within the
casing I have a valve E' connected by spindle or piston E³ with a
mercurial cylinder E'; when the quantity of steam passing to the casing
is in excess the heat expands the mercury and so pushes by means of the
spindle E³ the valve E' affixed thereto over the valve way E' and closes
the same. E' is an adjusting screw.
F (Figs. 10 and 11) are horizontal check valves for preventing the
steam when returning by way of the return pipe F' entering such of the
pipes B as may not require to be heated, that is, one or more rooms may
be heated without necessitating circulating through the whole of the
pipes. The valve is shewn in detail at Figs. 10 and 11. These valves
are placed in the horizontal position in order that they may be operated
by the least amount of pressure of steam.
F (Fig. 12, Sheet 2) are check syphon pipes for controlling the too
rapid or irregular circulation of steam within the pipes, the steam
circulating by way of any one of the pipes B³ is trapped at the bend F
until the other pipes shall have received a supply of steam, the pipe F
serving for the escape of air from the pipes B³, and for the gradual
supply of steam. When the pipes B³ are charged with steam the water
of condensation at I will by the force of the steam be expelled out of
the syphon bend into the return pipe F. F³ is a valve syphon pipe for
discharge of water of condensation placed at any portion of the piping
where water is liable to lodge.

page_text: The valve in the syphon pipe (see Fig. 13) will admit of the water
flowing through but prevents the escape of steam, because when
the pressure is sufficient to force the water the valve will at once be
closed.
N, (Fig. 1, Sheets 1, and Fig. 9, Sheet 4, and Figs. 2, 3, and 4, 5
Sheet 2) is the feed water heater, consisting of a cylinder closed at both
ends, leaving the space or chamber M at each end, the interior being
filled with tubes P communicating with the chambers M, the water
being supplied from the pipe P¹ to the chambers M and into the
tubes P, the space betwixt the plates P, P³, being occupied by the 1
exhaust steam which heats the water passed through the tubes P
supplied through the pipe P', and only a small quantity of steam is
requisite.
In connection with the apparatus for warming buildings (see Fig. 1,
Sheet 1) I employ at the terminating end of the return pipe F¹ a 1
mercurial valve E (see Fig. 14) enclosed in a casing E' and having a
float T on the valve rod T". The float is made solid, and has buoyancy
imparted thereto by means of the counterbalance lever and weight W,
and having an escape or safety valve Y thereon, being a dead-weight
valve; the weight Z determinating at what pressure steam is to be 2
allowed to escape.
When employing exhaust steam for the purpose of heating or warming
railway carriages, I employ an ordinary straight pipe G along the roof
of each carriage, and "couple" or connect the pipes on the various
carriages by means of the following apparatus:-To cach of the 2
"roof pipes" G I screw on a collar or casing containing a spring
valve H, (see Fig. 8,) the valve is forced open when the connection
between two carriages is made by a cross piece H' bearing against tho
end of the spindle of the valve, and so opening the same; the other or
open end of the collar or casing is also chased or screwed, and on which 3
I screw a cap H³ affixed to one end of a flexible tube H³, a like cap and
a horizontal spring valve H being employed for connecting the other
end of the said tube to the roof pipe of the next carriage, and so the
connection is complete. The water of condensation lodging in the
pendant or syphon bend of the flexible tubo II' I discharge by means of 3
a syphon pipe F similar in construction and action to the syphon shown
at Fig. 13. F is an apparatus similar to the one used for heating feed
water for heating air supplied by the fan F³.

page_text: When employing the exhaust steam from steam hammers R, I have a
like arrangement of horizontal valve F, and employ in connection with
the exhaust steam pipe a cylinder N closed at both ends, leaving a space
or chamber M at each end or at the top and bottom thereof; the interior
between the chambers being occupied by tubes P supplied by an external
pipe S with air or water, such being conducted by other pipes S¹
to the point or place required, and one or more of such conducting air
or water pipes may be encased concentrically by an outer tubing S², the
space between the two being occupied by exhaust steam from the
space M by the pipe S³. The water of condensation is discharged from
the cylinder by means of the same construction of syphon valve pipe as
described in connection with the utilizing steam for warming railway
carriages.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my
said Invention, and shewn by Drawings in what manner the same is to
be or may be performed, I would have it understood that I claim the
construction of apparatus comprising the flexible tube, the water heater,
syphon pipes, and the peculiar valves for utilizing exhaust or waste
steam, as herein fully described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheets of Drawings
In witness whereof I the said Fairfax Oddy have hereunto set mu
In witness whereof, I, the said Fairfax Oddy, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three..
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within-named Fairfax Oddy,
in the presence
of
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Tasker & Brierley,
Patent Agents,
Halifax & Bradford.
FAIRFAX ODDY. (L.S.)