Improvements in Ventilators.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left. 6th Dec.. 1890-4ccepted. 17th Jan.. 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
A communication from abroad by GEORGE ARTHUR PRICHARD, of 1, Wost 3rd Street,
New York, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to devices employed for producing or inducing an outward
or inward flow of air or gas from or into any compartment, and especially to such
as operate by force of passing air or wind currents. These devices are known as
ventilators or power ventilators.
Among the objects of the invention is the production of a simple, cheap, compact
and efficient ventilator which may be easily made and mounted, which shall be auto-
matic in action, utilise the power current from any direction, run noiselessly and
smoothly, and be not liable to get out of order.
Although the improved device is especially adapted for uso in connection with
railway cars, it is likewise applicable on ships, houses or buildings, and in any situation
where a ventilating effect is desired. When applied upon a car or ship, its rapid
movement in either direction will cause a current of air to pass through the machine,
which current induces or produces another and independent current from or to the
compartment to he ventilated, thus keeping the compartment free of foul air or smoke,
cinders, gases, etcetera.
In other situations, as when the ventilator remains stationary, the natural wind
currents are relied upon to work the ventilator.
The shell or casing is of general cylindrical form, preferably of tin or sheet iron, or
it may he of other material, and is of any size or capacity according to the size of fans
employed.
The shell is provided with two heads. one of which closes the outer end and sustains
one end of the fan shaft, while the other has a collar, cylindrical or square, through
which communication is established between the compartiment and the portion of the
shell containing the ventilating fans. A bar across this collar sustains one bearing for
the fan shaft. Ball bearings are preferred, but any other form may be used. The
shaft carries both fans, the blades of which are suitably inclined. The fan blades are
all mounted upon a plate or disc which in turn is secured to the shaft, and which
serves to divide the shell into two independent compartments, one for the power fan
and one for the ventilating fan.
Air currents are admitted to the compartment of the power fan through openings on
opposite sides, these being guarded by suitable hoods. The power fan turns in either
direction.
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The casing, in the region of the ventilating fan, is perforated all around, and the
perforations are guarded by a ring or band sustained by the shell and at a little
distance from the openings, this band operating to deflect currents away from the
openings. If desired, devices may. he employed to direct currents into the openings.
As the ventilator fan is revolving, air or gases, etcetera, which enter through the
collar, strike the central part of the fan and are then thrown from the centre towards
the circumference where they find an exit.
When the fan blades are arranged for that purpose, they gather air at the circum-
ference and discharge it at the central part into the place to be ventilated.
The device may be applied at the top, bottom or side of a car or other structure, or
the fan shaft inclined in anx

page_text: The division plate or disc, which turns with the fans, operates as a balance for them
insuring steadiness of motion.
The two heads are secured in the shell in any way. To remove the fans, the outer
head has only to be detached, when the shaft, fan and division plate may be removed
together without dismounting the casing.
Dated this 11th day of March 1890.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
A communication from abroad by GEORGE ARTHUR PRIOHARD, of 1, West 3rd Street,
New York. United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner ihe
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by ile
following statement :—
This invention relates to devices employed for producing or inducing an outward
or inward flow of air or gas from or into any compartment, and especially to such as 2
are operated by the force of passing air or wind currents. These devices as known
as ventilators or power ventilators.
Among the objects of the invention is the production of a simple, cheap, compact
and efficient ventilator, of the class named, which may be easily-made-and-mounted
in place in connection with any compartment to be ventilated, which shall be automatic
in its action, shall utilise the power current from any direction, shall run noiselessly
and smoothly, and shall be not liable to get out of order.
Although the improved device is especially adapted for use in connection with-
railway cars, it is likewise applicable on ships, honses or buildings, and in any
situation where a ventilating effect is to be produced. When applied upon a car
or ship, its rapid movement in either direction will cause a current of air to pass
through the machine, which current is employed to induce or produce another
and independent current from or to the compartment to be ventilated, thus keeping
the compartment free of foul air or smoke, cinders, gases, etcetera.
In other situations, as when the ventilator remains stationary, the natural wind
currents are relied upon to work the ventilator.
In the accompanying drawings forming part of this Specification,
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and
Figure 2 an end elevation, of a vontilator constructed and arranged for operation
in accordance with this invention and involving the improvements.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section upon a plane through the fan shaft.
Figure 4 is a cross section upon a plane through the line -x of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a side elevation of the fan shaft, fans, and division plate as they appear.
when dismounted from the shell or casing.
A is the shell or casing which is of general cylindrical form, preferably of tin or
sheet iron, or it may be of other material, and it is of any size or capacity according
to the size of fans employed or the amount of work required to be done.
The shell is provided with two heads, B and C. These may be made of cast iron
for cheapness, durability and facility in mounting, as well as to ensure accuracy and
uniformity in size where that is desirable, as in making a number of similar
ventilators. The head B closes the outer end of the cylinder and sustains one end of
the fan shaft D, while the head C has a collar C, either cylindrical or square, through
which communication is established between the compartment to be ventilated and
the portion of the shell containing the ventilating fans. A cross bar C on this collar
sustains the other bearing for the fan shaft D. "Ball bearings are preferred for the

page_text: shaft as shown, but other forms may be used. The shaft D carries both the power
fan and the ventilating fan. E E are the blades of the power tan and F F those of
the ventilating fan. These are inclined or bent in any suitable manner. In the
example shown they are bent or inclined in opposite directions as is required when
ventilation is to be secured by producing an exhausting effect. They may, however,
be arranged to force air into the compartment instead of to draw it out. The fan
blades are all mounted upon a plate or disc G which in turn is secured to the shaft D.
The disc or plate & serves to divide the shell into two independent compartments,
one for the power fan and the other for the ventilating fan.
Air currents are admitted to the compartment of the power fan through
openings H H on opposite sides of the shell, these openings being guarded by suitable
hoods as HA. The currents, admitted through one of the openings H, strike the
blades E and cause the shaft D to revolve. They are then exhausted or escapo
through the opposite opening H. The same working effect is produced no matter
at which opening H the current may enter or in which direction the fans may be
rotated.
All round the wall of the casing in the region of the ventilating fan F, perfora-
tions II are provided, as large as circumstances will permit. These are guarded or
protected by a ring or band K, a little wider than the said perforations, the ring being
sustained by the shell and at a distance from the openings, substantially as indicated.
A current of air directly striking this protector will not enter the openings I but
will be deflected and pass towards the opposite side of the shell where it will pro-
duce or tend to produce an exhausting effect through the openings on that side.
Further, if the current strike the shell obliquely, it will pass the openings therein
and also tend to produce a like exhausting effect, as is well understood. Currents
may be deflected into these openings when desired by any suitable appliance.
As the ventilator fan is revolved in the proper direction, air, gases. etcetera, which
enter through the collar C, pass into the central part of the fan and are then thrown
from the centre towards the circumference by the blades F, where they find an exit
through the openings I.
When the blades F are arranged for the purpose, they gather air at the circum-
ference of the fan and discharge it at the central part through the opening of
collar Cinto the place to be ventilated.
The device thus constructed may be applied at the top, side or bottom of a car or
other structure, or, in other words, the axis of the fans may be vertical, horizontal or
inclined at any angle.
The fans being mounted upon the division plate G which turns with the shaft, the
latter is caused to run steadily, the division plate operating like a balance wheel for
the working parts and ensuring steadiness of motion.
The two heads B and C are secured to the shell in any convenient way. To
remove the fans, it is only necessary to detach the outer head B, when the shaft,
fans and division plate may be easily removed bodily and replaced without dismounting
the casing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A ventilator, having a driving or power fan and a ventilating fan mounted upon
a common shaft within a cylindrical shell and divided one from the other by a plate
mounted upon and rotating with the shaft and forming a division wall for the shell,
substantially as described.
2. The improved ventilator arranged and combined as a whole substantially as
shown and described.
Dated thin 5th of Danahon 1800
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.