IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LAMPS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thomas of 567 Caledonian Road Holloway in the
County of Middlesex Lamp Manufacturer for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LAMPS TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Thomas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th November 1882.
JOHN THOMAS of 567 Caledonian Road, Holloway in the County of Middlesex
Lamp Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LAMPS TO BE USED
ON RAILWAYS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
My Invention relates in the first place to lamps placed or held in situations
which cause them to be exposed to the effects of wind or draughts, and in which
mineral oils are intended to be burnt. And the means by which I obviate the
defects incidental to this class of lamps is by the improved mode or method of
introducing the air hereinafter described.
The improved mode or method consists in the first place of a chamber with holes
for the admission of air on the underside placed over the main body of the lamp
but connected with the same by means of tubes or air channels through which the
air passes down to the bottom of the lamp where it is admitted to the burner
through a suitable opening or openings.
The interior of the air chamber is formed and arranged as follows: In the centre
of the chamber is the metal chimney extending upwards from the body or flame
chamber of the lamp. Surrounding the top of this chimney and resting upon the
floor of the air chamber are cone-shaped tubes with parts cut away at their bases
so that they appear to rest on feet or supports. These cone-shaped tubes are
placed one above another and the outer tube terminates in a suitable cap or head
to protect the lamp from the effects of weather. In this outer tube are holes, above
the parts cut away at the bottom to receive the ends of the channels or passages
which convey the air down to the flame of the lamp.
The air admitted through the perforations in the bottom of the air chamber
passes into the interior of the said outer tube, and is drawn down the air passages
to the flame.

page_text: f
In applying my invention to street lamps I make use of the metal frame to form
channels for the air in its passage from the air chamber and in fitting the lamp to
the top of the post I prefer to use a pin or pivot and a socket, the pin being fixed
on the post and the socket being formed in the bottom of the lamp. By this means
the lamp can be readily turned on its pivot for the convenience of lighting, and
easily removed when required.
When the lamps are to be applied to railway carriage roofs, the air chamber is
made or arranged over a conveniently shaped intermediate chamber or body to fit
the hole in the roof and thus suspend the lamp; the air passages from this chamber
or body are tubes which also support a reservoir for oil, and the air passing down these
passages is conducted to the light by other tubes at right angles to them and fixed
upon the reservoir, which is by preference in the form of a narrow inverted boat.
Round the flame is fitted a cup-shaped glass on which rests the bottom of a cone-
shaped chimney of an elongated form to pass through the intermediate chamber or
body to the air chamber placed above. This chimney is kept down close upon the
glass cup-shaped piece by a spiral or other suitable spring situated in the inter-
mediate chamber. The said chamber or body is connected by a hinge to the air
tubes fixed on to the oil reservoir and held in connection by means of a spring
catch, thereby forming a convenient means of access to the wick and glass.
And my invention relates in the second place Lamps known as "hand signal
lamps," and consists in applying to a lamp of suitable shape, in front of the flame
a vertical plate the centre of which is cut away and through which the light
passes. On this plate are fixed metal frames turning on a pivot and having colored
glasses inserted therein; these are capable of movement so as to allow one or other
of the said frames to pass before the flame, or both to be withdrawn as required.
The frames are moved as required by levers and connecting rods fixed under the
handle of the lamp, similar to those described in the specification of my former
Patent N°. 4642 (1880). Suitable springs are provided to keep the frames from
shifting or falling out of any desired position.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Thomas in the Great Seal Patont Office on the 11th May
1883.
JOHN THOMAS of 567 Caledonian Road Holloway in the County of Middlesex
Lamp Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LAMPS TO BE USED
ON RAILWAYS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
My Invention of "Improvements in and applicable to lamps to be used on
railways and for other purposes" relates in the first place to lamps placed or held
in situations which cause them to be exposed to the effects of wind or draughts
and in which mineral oils are intended to be burnt. And the means by which
I obviate the defects incidental to this class of lamps is by the improved mode or
method of introducing the air hereinafter described.
This improved mode or method consists in the adaptation and application to such
lamps of an air chamber at the top of the lamp combined with channels or conduits.
for conveying the air to the burner in the manner herein after described.
In applying my Invention to street lamps I employ the same arrangements for
admitting the air and I make use of the metal frame to form channels for the air:
in its passage from the air chamber to the burner.
When the lamps are to be applied to railway carriage roofs the air chamber is
made or arranged over a conveniently shaped intermediate chamber or body to fit
the hole in the roof and thus suspend the lamp the air being conveyed to the
burner in the manner hereinafter described.
And my Invention relates in the second place to lamps known as "hand signal.
lamps" to which is adapted and applied the same arrangement of an air chamber
at top and channels or passages leading therefrom to the burner.-In this lamp is
fitted an arrangement of metal frames carrying coloured glasses combined with
levers and connecting rods for moving the same as required in the manner
hereinafter described.
In order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe it more particularly with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which are represented the modes of constructing lamps
and different parts thereof above referred to
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figures 1 to 5 relate to the lamp first herein described; Fig: 1 is an elevation of
the lamp Fig: 2 a vertical section of the same Fig: 3 a vertical section taken
obliquely from corner to corner on the line a, b, Fig: 4 a horizontal section and
Fig: 5 a detached view of a cone shaped tube in the air chamber.
A is the air chamber (with holes for the admission of air on the underside)
placed over the main body B of the lamp but connected with the same by means
of tubes or air channels C C through which the air passes down to the bottom
part D of the lamp where it is admitted to the burner E as indicated by the
arrows in Fig: 3.-The interior of the air chamber A is formed and arranged as
follows: In the centre of the chamber is the metal chimney F extending upwards
זך -

page_text: terminates in a suitable cap or head I to protect the lamp from the effects of
weather.—In this outer tube are holes J J (above the parts cut away at the
bottom) to receive the ends of the channels or passages C C which convey the air
down to the flame of the lamp
The air admitted through the perforations in the bottom of the air chamber A
passes into the interior of the said outer tube and is drawn down the air passages
to the flame.
Figures 6 and 7 relate to street lamps.-Fig: 6 represents the lamp in elevation
and Fig: 7 in vertical section taken obliquely from corner to corner. In this
lamp there are the same arrangements for admitting air as in the former lamp and
in fitting this lamp to the top of the post on which it is supported I prefer to use a
pin or pivot K and a socket L the pin being fixed on the post and the socket
being formed in the bottom of the lamp. By this means the lamp can be readily
turned on its pivot for the convenience of lighting and easily removed when
required.
Figures 8 to 11 relate to lamps for railway carriage roofs. Fig: 8 is an
elevation of the lamp Fig: 9 a vertical section of the same and Figures 10 and 11
represent in end view and plan two different forms of the oil reservoir.-In this
case the air chamber A is made or arranged over a conveniently shaped intermediate
chamber or body to fit the hole in the roof and thus suspend the lamp. The air
passages from this chamber or body of the lamp B are tubes which also support a
reservoir for oil M and the air passing down these passages is conducted to the
light by other tubes at right angles to them and fixed upon the reservoir M which
may be either in the form of a narrow inverted boat as shewn detached in Fig: 10
or of annular form as shewn in Fig: 11. Round the flame is fitted a cup shaped
glass N on which rests the bottom of a cone shaped chimney 0 of an elongated
form to pass through the intermediate chamber or body B to the air chamber A
placed above. This chimney is kept down close upon the glass N by a spiral or
other suitable spring P situated in the intermediate chamber. The said chamber
or body B is connected by a hinge Q to the air tubes CC fixed on to the oil
reservoir M and held in connextion by means of a spring catch R thereby forming
a convenient means of access to the wick and glass.
Figures 12 to 15 relate to "hand signal lamps." Fig: 12 represents the lamp in
elevation; Fig 13 in vertical section, Fig: 14 in section at right angles to Fig: 13,
and Fig 15 in horizontal section
This part of my Invention consists in applying to a lamp of suitable shape in
front of the flame a vertical plate S the centre of which is cut away at S and
through which aperture the light passes.-On this plate Sare fixed metal frames T T
turning on a pivot and having coloured glasses inserted therein these frames are
capable of movement so as to allow one or other of the said frames to pass before
the flame or both to be withdrawn as required.-The frames are moved as required
by levers U U and connecting rods V V fixed under the handle W of the lamp
similar to those described in the Specification of my former patent N° 4642 (1880).
Suitable springs X X are provided to keep the frames from shifting or falling out
of any desired position In Fig: 14 the frames TT are shown as both removed
from before the light but they can be readily moved so as to bring either one
into position in front of the light by means of the levers UỤ and connecting
rods V V.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed I hereby declare that what I claim as of my
invention is:
First: The adaptation and application to lamps of an air chamber at the top of
the lamp combined with a passage or passages channels or conduits for conveying
the air to the burner substantially as and for the purpose described.
Secondly: The combination of parts forming the lamp represented in Figures 1
to 5 and described.

page_text: Thirdly: The combination of parts forming the lamp represented in Figures
6 and 7 and described.
Fourthly: The combination of parts forming the lamp represented in Figures
8 to 11 and described.
Fifthly. The combination of parts forming the lamp represented in Figures
12 to 15 and described.
And lastly: The arrangement of metal frames carrying coloured glasses combined
with levers and connecting rods for moving the same as required substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15.
In witness whereof I the said John Thomas. have hereunto set my hand
and seal the eleventh day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
Witness
WILLIAM SPENCE
8, Quality Court
Chancery Lane
JOHN THOMAS (L.S.)