IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR COTTON GINS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Richardson, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROLLERS FOR COTTON GINS."
Sealed the 7th February 1865, and dated the 13th August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Richardson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th August 1864.
I, WILLIAM RICHARDSON, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mecha-
nical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR COTTON GINS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the rollers of gins on the Macarthy principle, and
which are usually covered with hide or leather, the object of the improvement
being to attach the said covering in a more secure manner. For this purpose
I form slits of a spiral or other form in the hide or leather, but not through its
entire thickness, and within these slits I bind wire or strips of metal, the ends
thereof being fastened to the axis of the roller, or being otherwise made fast.
The rollers I make of iron, wood, or other suitable material, and glue or other
cement may be used between them and the hide or leather covering.
15 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Richardson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th February 1865.
mo
ATY TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME. I. WILLIAM

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Richardson, Her special licence that I, the said
William Richardson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Richardson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR COTTON GINS," upon
the condition, amongst others, that I, the said William Richardson, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Richardson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):
My Invention relates to the rollers of gins on the MacCarthay principle,
and which are usually covered with hide or leather, the object of the improve-
ment being to attach the said covering in a more secure manner.
For this
purpose I form slits of a spiral or other form in the hide or leather, but not
through its entire thickness, and within these slits I bind wire or strips of
metal, the ends thereof being fastened to the axis of the roller, or being other-
wise made fast. The rollers I make of iron, wood, or other suitable material,
and glue or other cement may be used between them and the hide or leather
covering.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents a roller constructed
according to my Invention in longitudinal section; Fig. 2 is an exterior view
of the same, and Fig. 3 an end view. In this case the roller is supposed to
be constructed with an iron foundation a, provided with axles 6; upon this
the leather or other such covering C is placed, either with or without glue or
other cement. This covering may be made by combined strips wound on
spirally in rings, or constructed and adapted in any usual manner. Each
end of the said covering is then turned down as at d to a smaller diameter,

page_text: and such turned-down parts are bound round with wire to attach the ends
to the iron foundation. The method which I adopt for effecting a fastening
of this wire is to drill a hole in the metal, and place one end of the wire
therein as at e; it is then wound around the leather, and the other end f
placed against the boss of the foundation a, after which a metal plate 9 is
screwed on to the said boss, and the wire is thus held fast. The leather or
other such covering is now cut with spiral slits extending a part of the way
through its thickness, as at h, and into these slits wires or strips of thin metal
are wound tightly. To accomplish this I take an end of the wire and solder
it to one of the wires at d, above mentioned, after which the roller being
placed in a lathe, or otherwise caused to revolve, the wire or thin metal may
be wound firmly into the slits, and upon issuing at the other end of the roller,
it is soldered in a similar manner to the other wire at d. In practice I
apply a number of spiral wires (say four) to a corresponding number of slits,
their soldered ends starting at intermediate points around the circumference
of the roller. The second set of spiral lines i merely represent the ordinary
biting grooves cut in the leather or other covering.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I do not limit myself to the precise method, above described, of
adapting the spiral wires or thin metal, but claim, as secured to me under
the above in part recited Letters Patent, and for the purpose above set forth,
the application of wire or thin metal sunk into the leather or other roller
covering.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Richardson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
WILLIAM RICHARDSON. (L.S.)