IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEEL GEARING
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 4, Gordon Grove, Holland Road,
Brixton, in the County of Surrey, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEEL GEARING."-A communication
from abroad by Carl Vilhelm Schröder and Frederik Julius Jörgensen,
Scaled the 23rd July 1867, and dated the 26th January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
January 1867.
I, PETER JENSEN, of 4, Gordon Grove, Holland Road, Brixton, in the
County of Surrey, Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEEL GEARING," that has been
communicated to me from abroad by Carl Vilhelm Schröder and Frederik
Julius Jörgensen, both of No. 108, Vesterbrogade, Copenhagen, in the
Kingdom of Denmark, to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in employing rollers freely revolving on pins or studs
in the place of teeth or cogs in all sorts of wheels and racks when in conjunction
with or gearing into an endless screw or worm. By this means I am enabled
to let a wheel or rack furnished with such rollers instead of teeth drive a

page_text: worm, which is not possible with the ordinary tooth wheel or tooth rack used
in engines and machinery, while I can also drive such wheel or rack by a
worm as with the ordinary tooth wheel or rack. But whereas the friction of
a common worm and wheel is considerable, that of a worm and wheel con-
structed according to this Invention is very little, and in the case of the roller
wheel driving the worm also considerably less than that of an ordinary bevil
wheel and pinion constructed so as to increase the speed in the same ratio,
which construction or form of gearing the roller wheel and worm tend to
supersede. The roller rack driving the worm furnishes a convenient means
of transforming a reciprocating or straight motion into that of a quicker
oscillating or rotary motion, while the worn driving the roller rack may be
conveniently applied for the purpose of changing a rotary motion into a slower
rectilinear motion. Furthermore, I wish to point out that such rollers may
be put with their axes in a plane at right angles to the axis of the wheel
itself, but I prefer to arrange them so as to have their axes parallel with the
axis of the wheel. It will be observed that in the former case the worm
comes outside (or in the case of an internal wheel inside) the wheel, while in
the latter it will be over or under the circumference of the wheel. The axes
of the rollers may also be put at any intermediate angle. The axis of the
worm may also be either tangential to the pitch line of the wheel, or at any
other suitable angle. The rollers may also be fixed on or in one piece with
their spindles freely revolving in suitable holes or eyes in the wheel or rack to
which the said rollers are applied, or may be made to revolve freely in any
other suitable way.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of Gordon Grove, Holland Road, Brixton, in the County of Surrey,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Peter Jensen, Her special license that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Peter Jensen, my

page_text: executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEEL GEARING," a
communication to me from abroad by Carl Vilbelm Schröder and Frederick
Julius Jörgensen, two persons resident at No. 108, Vesterbrogade, Copenhagen.
in the Kingdom of Denmark, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Peter Jensen, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention consists in employing rollers freely revolving on pins or studs
in the place of teeth or cogs in all sorts of wheels and racks when in con-
junction with or gearing into an endless screw or worm. By this means I am
enabled to let a wheel or rack furnished with such rollers instead of teeth
drive a worm, which generally is not possible with the ordinary tooth wheel or
tooth rack used for engines and machinery, while I can also drive such wheel
or rack by a worm, as with the ordinary tooth wheel or rack. But whereas
the friction of a common worm and wheel is considerable, that of a worm and
wheel constructed as according to this Invention is very small, and in the case
of the roller wheel driving the worm also considerably less than that of an
ordinary bevel wheel and pinion constructed so as to increase the speed in the
same ratio, which construction or form of gearing the roller wheel and worm
tend to supersede. The roller rack driving the worm furnishes a convenient
means of transforming a reciprocating or straight motion into that of a quicker
oscillating or rotary motion, while the worm driving the roller rack may be
conveniently applied for the purpose of changing a rotary motion into a
slower rectilinear motion. Furthermore, I wish to point out that such rollers
may be put with their axes in a plane at right angles to the axis of the wheel
itself, but I prefer to arrange them so as to have their axes parallel with the
axis of the wheel. It will be observed that in the former case the worm
comes outside (or in the case of an internal wheel inside) the wheel, while in

page_text: the latter it will be over or under the circumference of the wheel. The axes
of the rollers may also be put at any intermediate angle. The axis of the
worm may also be either tangential to the pitch line of the wheel, or at any
other suitable angle.
Having thus stated the nature of the Invention I will proceed more fully
to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The annexed Drawings shew the principle of the Invention as applied
(amongst many other purposes) to a horse wheel for agricultural and general
purposes, such as has been found in practice to answer exceedingly well, being
much lighter, and yielding a much greater amount of useful work when
measured by the dynamometer brake than ordinary best horse wheels with
the same power applied, the motion being at the same time very smooth and
soft, and the wear imperceptible after lengthened trial in actual rough work.
An important feature in it is that the speed required for agricultural purposes,
for instance, is got up directly and without resort to a set of or sets of extra
wheel gear as with ordinary horse wheels.
Figure 1 is a plan, and Figure 2 an elevation of the horse wheel.
A is a wooden framed bed to which the various stationary parts of the
machine are attached. In the centre the pivot or upright spindle B is fastened
down by means of four bolts in a square flange. On this pivot revolves freely
a wheel B', for this purpose provided with though not cast in one piece with
a boss baving two sockets or chambers in which the ends of the two poles b, b,
are held, the latter being also secured to the wheel by means of staples b¹, b'.
A shoulder on the pivot B below and a washer and key or pin above the wheel
'keeps the same in its proper place while allowing it to revolve freely on the
pivot. In equal distances near the circumference of the wheel are fixed pins
having rollers freely revolving on the ends of the same and underneath the
wheel. In these rollers (forming substitutes for the teeth in ordinary wheels)
gears an endless screw D of wrought iron in one with its spindle E, the ends
of which revolve in bearings fastened to the frame A. From this spindle
motion may be communicated in any approved ordinary way.
To prevent
any springing of the rim of the wheel, which may be made very light, three
rollers F are made to press against the upper side of the extreme rim of the
wheel. The construction may obviously be varied in many ways according to
the tenor of this Specification.
Having now described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of per-
'forming the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the

page_text: employment of rollers instead of teeth when in conjunction with and gearing
into a worm or an endless screw.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of July, in the year of our Lord Oue
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
PETER JENSEN. (L.S.)