Year: 1886

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake and C° Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in that class of machines which are
employed in flour mills, factories and the like, for separating dust, wood shavings,
and other solid particles from the air which is discharged from machines in" which
separations are effected by air currents, such for instance as middlings purifiers,
grain cleaners, wood planing machines &c.
My invention relates more particularly to a dust collector in which the dust is
separated from the air by its momentum and not by straining or filtering the air
through cloth, and the object of my invention is to produce a simple and efficient
dust collector of this kind. My invention consists of the improvements herein-
after set forth.
In carrying my said invention into practice I provide a stationary frame carrying
a horizontal spout through which the dust laden air enters the separator. The
separating case or chamber in which the dust is separated from the air is made
conical or tapering in form, like a funnel, and the inlet spout is connected with
the same at its large end, the said spout entering the side of the separating
chamber tangentially. A small opening is provided for the discharge of the
separated dust formed in the narrow end or apex of the separating chamber.
A cover or head which closes the large end of the separating chamber and is
provided with a large central air escape opening to which is secured a collar
depending a short distance into the said chamber.
The dust laden air enters the separating chamber in a tangential direction, and
assumes a whirling or gyrating motion in the same, forming a vortex in which the
dust particles are quickly driven to the outer side of the gyrating body of air and
accumulate on the conical shell, thereby freeing the inner portion of the whirling
body of air from dust. The dust particles are driven in helical lines downwardly
along the inner surface of the conical chamber toward the discharge opening

page_text: through which they are finally discharged. The inner portion of the whirling body
of air moves in an opposite direction and escapes free from dust through the
opening in the head. The area of the dust discharge opening is so small, compared
with that of the air escape opening, that very little air escapes through the
discharge opening with the dust, so that the dust can be collected without difficulty
by a conveyer or any other suitable means.
The depending collar prevents any dust particles from leaving the separating
chamber through the air escape opening before they have been driven to the outer
edge of the vortex.
My improved machine separates the dust from the air by its own momentum in
an extremely simple manner; it employs no moving parts, is very simple in
construction and operated without expense, it can be readily connected with the
air discharge spouts of middlings purifiers or other machines and does not react
upon their fans.
The conical separating chamber may be arranged with its small end downwardly,
for the purpose of facilitating the discharge of the dust into the receptacle but
this is immaterial, as the separation of the dust from the air does not depend upon
gravitation. If desired, the axis of the cone may be arranged horizontally, or the
cone may be arranged with its small end upwardly, as may be most convenient.
An auxiliary separating shell or chamber can be arranged within the large
portion of the conical separating and surrounding the air escape opening. The
said auxiliary shell is secured to the underside of the head, and is provided with
one or more longitudinal skimming openings or slots for the discharge of any light
dust particles which may enter this shell with the outgoing air current. The
skimming opening is provided on its inner side with an inwardly projecting lip or
flange whereby the dust particles are deflected outwardly through the opening
into the surrounding portion of the separating chamber. The auxiliary shell
extends downwardly beyond the lower edge of the air inlet spout.
A vertical shaft or arbor is secured axially in the auxiliary shell and is provided
with cleaners, which are rotated by the gyrating motion of the outgoing air
current and which come in contact with the inner surface of the auxiliary shell
and detach any dust particles which may adhere thereto. These cleaners may be
used when the dust delivered to the machine is damp and has a tendency to adhere
to the separator. The cleaners consists of strips of canvas, leather or other suitable
material attached to collars or they may be composed of arms which rotate on
the arbor and are kept in motion by the whirling air current.
It is
A deflecting rib or flange is secured to the inner surface of the separating
chamber near the opening of the inlet spout for the purpose of deflecting the dust
particles in the upper portion of the chamber downwardly below the opening of
the spout and preventing such particles from moving past the said opening. The
said deflector is composed of a curled strip or channel having notches or openings
for the escape of the air, so that the channel will relieve itself of any excessive air
pressure which might prevent the dust particles from entering the same.
obvious that a number of inclined or spiral flanges or deflectors may be provided
on the inner surface of the separating chamber for the purpose of accelerating the
movement of the dust particles toward the dust escape opening but this is not
ordinarily necessary. It is also obvious that these deflectors may be formed by
corrugating the shell of the separating chamber spirally instead of forming them
securing ribs or flanges to the inner surface of the said shell.
It is found in practice that the fine and light dust follows the tapering wall of
the separating chamber toward its apex or small end, while large and heavy
impurities move in an opposite direction toward the large end of the separating
chamber.
In some cases the light dust and the large solid particles are discharged separately.
For this purpose a discharge passage for the large or heavy dust or material is
arranged at the periphery of the large end of the tapering separating chamber.
This passage is preferably formed by a recess cut into the underside of the head

page_text: and extending outwardly from the interior of the separating chamber to the outer
side of the head. The outer end of the said passage connects with a descending
spout by which the heavy material is conducted to a suitable receptacle.
A tubular guard secured in the air discharge opening depends preferably below
the lower edge of the opening of the air inlet spout and prevents dust particles
which have just entered the chamber from the spout from passing into the outgoing
current of purified air and escaping with the same.
A wiper or cleaner is arranged in the small portion of the tapering separating
chamber so as to rest against the inner side thereof. The said chamber is provided
at its lower end with a bracket bearing depending below the discharge opening
and provided in the axis of the chamber with a step-bearing, in which the lower
end of the wiper is journalled, so as to be capable of turning freely in its inclined
position when resting against the side of the separating chamber. The wiper is so
light that it is rapidly rotated by the air current and its upper end is provided
with a head of leather or other soft material to prevent noise. The wiper extends
only through the narrow portion of the separating chamber as the large portion of
the same is kept clear by the air current when working upon ordinary material..
When the material contained in the air is very adhesive a wiper extending to the
large end of the separating chamber may be employed. The fine dust escaping:
from the discharge opening passes into a conveyer trough and the heavy dust
escaping through the spout passes into another conveyer trough.
DL11
000
1
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant..

page_text: from Air.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:—
This invention relates to improvements in that class of machines which are
employed in flour-mills, factories and the like for separating dust, wood-shavings,
and other solid particles from the air which is discharged from machines in which
separations are effected by air-currents, such, for instance, as middlings-purifiers,
grain-cleaners, wood-planing machines, &°.
My invention relates more particularly to a dust-collector in which the dust is
separated from the air by its momentum and not by straining or filtering the air
through cloth, and the object of my invention is to produce a simple and efficient
dust-collector of this kind. My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter
set forth.
In the accompanying drawing:-
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved dust-collector.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line x, x, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation showing my improved dust-collector provided
with an auxiliary dust-separator.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section on the line y, y, Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of my improved dust-collector provided with
separate discharges for the light and heavy dust.
Figure 6 is a plan or top view thereof.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section on the line x, x, Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal vertical section through the dust-discharge passage at
the large end of the separating chamber shown in Figure 5.
Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.
A represents the stationary frame of the machine, and B the horizontal spout
through which the dust-laden air enters the separator. Crepresents the separating
case or chamber in which the dust is separated from the air. This chamber is
made conical or tapering in form, like a funnel, and the inlet spout B is connected
with the same at its large end, and enters the side of the chamber C tangentially,
as clearly represented in Figure 2. d represents a small opening for the discharge
of the separated dust, formed in the narrow end or apex of the conical chamber C.
E represents a cover or head, which closes the large end of the chamber C, and
which is provided with a large central air-escape opening e. frepresents a collar
secured in the opening e and depending a short distance into the chamber C.
The dust-laden air enters the conical chamber C in a tangential direction, and
assumes a whirling or gyrating motion in the same, forming a vortex in which the
dust particles are quickly driven to the outer side of the gyrating body of air and
accumulate on the conical shell, thereby freeing the inner portion of the whirling
body of air from dust. The dust particles are driven in helical lines downwardly
along the inner surface of the conical chamber C toward the discharge opening d,
through which they are finally discharged. The inner portion of the whirling
body of air moves in an opposite direction and escapes free from dust through the
opening e in the head E. The area of the dust-discharge opening d is so small,

page_text: compared with that of the air-escape opening, that very little air escapes through
the opening d with the dust, so that the dust can be collected without difficulty by
a conveyer G or any other suitable receptacle.
The depending collar f prevents any dust particles from leaving the chamber C
through the air-escape opening e before they have been driven to the outer edge of
the vortex.
My improved machine separates the dust from the air by momentum in an
extremely simple manner; it employs no moving parts, is very simple in con-
struction and operated with little expense; it can be readily connected with the
air-discharge spouts of middlings purifiers or other machines and does not react
upon their fans.
In the drawing, the conical chamber O is arranged with its small end downward,
for the purpose of facilitating the discharge of the dust into the receptacle G, but
this is immaterial, as the separation of the dust from the air does not depend upon
gravitation. If desired, the axis of the cone may be arranged horizontally, or the
cone may be arranged with its small end upward, as may be most convenient.
In the construction of my improved dust-collector represented in Figures 3 and 4,
H represents an auxiliary separating shell arranged within the large portion of the
conical shell C and surrounding the air-escape opening e. The shell H is secured
to the underside of the head E and is provided with one or more longitudinal
skimming openings or slots h for the discharge of any light dust-particles which
may enter this shell with the out-going air-current. The skimming opening his
provided on its inner side with an inwardly projecting lip or flange i whereby the
dust particles are deflected outwardly through the opening h into the surrounding
portion of the conical chamber C. The auxiliary separator H extends downwardly
beyond the lower edge of the air-inlet spout B, as clearly shewn in Figure 3.
J represents a vertical shaft or arbor secured axially in the auxiliary separator H
and provided with cleaners K which are rotated by the gyrating motion of the
out-going air-current, and which come in contact with the inner surface of the
separator H and detach any dust particles which may adhere thereto. These
cleaners may be used when the dust delivered to the machine is damp and has
a tendency to adhere to the separator H. The cleaners K consist of strips of
canvas, leather or other suitable material attached to collars l, or they may be com-
posed of arms which rotate on the arbor J and are kept in motion by the whirling
air-current.
m represents a deflecting rib or flange secured to the inner surface of the
chamber C near the opening of the inlet spout B for the purpose of deflecting the
dust particles in the upper portion of the chamber C downwardly below the opening
of the spout B and preventing such particles from moving past the opening of the
spout B. The deflector m is composed of a curled strip or channel having notches
or openings for the escape of the air, so that the channel will relieve itself of any
excessive air-pressure which might prevent the dust particles from entering the
same. It is obvious that a number of inclined or spiral flanges or deflectors may
be provided on the inner surface of the chamber C for the purpose of accelerating
the movement of the dust particles towards the dust-escape opening d, but this is
not ordinarily necessary. It is also obvious that these deflectors may be formed
by corrugating the conical shell C spirally, instead of forming them by ribs or
flanges secured to the inner surface of the conical shell.
It is found in practice that the fine and light dust follows the tapering wall of
the separating chamber toward its apex or small end, while large and heavy
impurities move in an opposite direction toward the large end of the separating
chamber.
In the construction of my improved dust-collector represented in Figures 5, 6, 7
and 8, the light dust and the large solid particles are discharged separately.
p represents a discharge passage for the large or heavy dust or material arranged
at the periphery of the large end of the tapering separating chamber. This
passage is preferably formed by a recess cut into the underside of the head E, as

page_text: represented in Figures 5 and 8, and extending outwardly from the interior of the
chamber C to the outer side of the head, as represented by dotted lines in Figure 6.
The outer end of the passage p connects with a descending spout P by which the
heavy material is conducted to a suitable receptacle.
The tubular guard, f, shown in Figure 5 as being secured in the air-discharge
opening e, depends preferably below the lower edge of the opening of the air-inlet
spout B and prevents dust particles, which have just entered the chamber C from
the spout B, from passing into the out-going current of purified air and escaping
with the same.
R represents a wiper or cleaner arranged in the small portion of the tapering
chamber C so as to rest against the inner, side thereof. The chamber C is
provided at its lower end with a bracket bearing S depending below the opening d
and provided in the axis of the chamber Ċ with a step-bearing in which the lower
end of the wiper R is journalled, so as to be capable of turning freely in its inclined
position when resting against the side of the chamber C. The wiper R is so light
that it is rapidly rotated by the air-current, and its upper end is provided with a
head of leather or other soft material to prevent noise. The wiper R extends
only through the narrow portion of the chamber C, as the large portion of the
same is kept. clear by the air-current when working upon ordinary material.
When the material contained in the air is very adhesive, a wiper extending to the
large end of the chamber C may be employed. The fine dust escaping from the
opening d passes into a conveyer-trough T, and the heavy dust escaping through
the spout P passes into a conveyer-trough U.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is :-
First In a dust-collector, a conical or tapering separating chamber in which
the dust-laden air forms a vortex or whirling body, and which is provided with a
tangential inlet for the dust-laden air, a discharge opening for the separated dust,
and a discharge opening for the purified air, substantially as set forth.
Second: A dust-collector composed of a conical or tapering separating chamber
having a dust-discharge opening at its small end and an air-discharge opening at
its large end, and an inlet for the dust-laden air connected with the large end of
the separating chamber, substantially as set forth.
Third-
-The combination, with the conical separating chamber C having a
tangential air-inlet B, a dust-discharge opening d, and an air-discharge opening e,
of an inclined deflector arranged on the inner surface of the separating chamber,
whereby the dust-particles are directed toward the dust-discharge opening, sub-
stantially as set forth.
Fourth-The combination, with the conical or tapering separating chamber C
provided with a dust-discharge opening and an air-discharge opening, of an
auxiliary dust-separator surrounding the air-discharge opening and provided with
an outlet through which the dust passes from the auxiliary separator into the
main separating chamber, substantially as set forth.
Fifth-In a dust-collector, a tapering separating case in which the dust-laden
air forms a vortex or whirling body, and provided at its small end with a discharge
opening for the light material and at its large end with a discharge opening for the
heavy material, substantially as set forth.
1
OELL
1
1000