Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 29th May, 1897
.
[Communicated from abroad by Friend's Steam GENERATOR ANd Imporous
BUTTER BOX COMPANY, LIMITED, of 54 Lambton Quay, Wellington, New
Zealand.]
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, DAVID YOUNG, Patent Agent, of the Firm of D. Young & Co., of
11 and 12 Southampton Buildings, London do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to boilers for generating steam and has for its object to
provide a boiler having extensive heating surface so that steam may be rapidly
raised either by gas or coal, and having apparatus to prevent deposit of sediment
at the bottom of the boiler when heated by a furnace underneath.
The object of the invention is carried into effect by constructing the boiler
with features corresponding to those found on marine and locomotive boilers.
The furnace is situated beneath the boiler and the products of combustion are
conducted through a flue into a combustion chamber and thence through tubes
to the smoke stack. An essential feature of the invention consists in inserting
a water tube in the flue so as to leave an annular space between them for the
passage of heated gases from the furnace. Such water tube communicates with
the boiler by means of suitable connecting pipes through which the water may
circulate to keep the water in the tube constantly changing, and is fixed to
the boiler by bolts which may be readily removed to take out the water tube
when it is necessary to repair the same, or the flue or tubes. The fierce heat
of the products of combustion is reduced as they pass through the annular space
between the flue and water tube, so that the ends of the tubes are not burned
or made to leak. A difficulty well known to experienced boiler makers is thus
overcome.
By placing the furnace underneath and constructing the boiler with a flue
somewhat similar to ordinary furnace flues and employing ordinary tubes from the
combustion chamber to the smoke box, an increase of heating surface is obtained
considerably greater than in present forms of boilers.
When gas is used as the heating agent a nozzle of special construction is
employed to regulate the admission of the gas as required.
To prevent damage by deposit of sediment upon the bottom of the boiler
when the same is heated by a furnace underneath, perforated troughs are laid
inside and along the bottom and provided with pipes passing upwards to longi-
tudinal pockets above high water level. It will be found that the circulation.
of the water through the pipes will carry up the sediment and deposit the same in
the pockets.
Perforated pipes are fixed near the bottom of the pockets and extending the
whole length of the same, pass out at the end of the boiler, where they are fitted
with blow-off cocks. Upon opening the cocks the sediment will be blown out and
the pockets cleared of deposit.
This arrangement of troughs, pipes, and pockets also has the effect of providing
an escape for the air bubbles, and allowing the same to pass up the pipes prevents:
priming.
1

page_text: In order that my invention may be most easily understood I will now describe
the same in detail, and in doing so shall refer to the accompanying drawings.
whereon similar letters and figures of reference indicate similar parts throughout.
the views.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the boiler fitted for burning coal.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same on line A B Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the boiler arranged to burn gas.
Similar letters refer to similar parts.
Referring to these views, the furnace (a) Figure 1 is situated beneath the boiler,
and the water at the bottom of the same is thus raised to a high temperature. The
products of combustion pass over the usual brick arch (a 1) and thence into the
conical flue (b) and combustion chamber (c), eventually finding their way to the:
open air through the ordinary tubes (d), smoke box (f), and smoke stack (g)..
The water tube (h) is conical in shape, corresponds to the fue, and being of large
dimension occupies a greater part of the internal capacity of flue (6), leaving
merely an annular space (1) for the passage of heated gases which expand as they
pass through the increasing diameter of the annular space. The tube (h) is
admitted through the end of the boiler, through which a hole is cut and made good
by means of ring (41). The ends of said tube (h) are closed as shown, and the
larger end is bolted at (h4) to the boiler and perforated to connect with pipes (h2)
and (3) which open into the boiler below and above the tube respectively. The
water may thus circulate from the boiler through the tube (h). The smaller end
of the water tube rests upon any suitable supports (h 5).
.
It will be seen that by means of this tube (4) a heating surface nearly as great
as that of flue (b) is added to the boiler.
When gas is used as the heating agent the nozzle (j) is employed. Gas suitably
mixed with a proper proportion of air is admitted at (1) and is preferably driven
by a fan. The jet of flame issues from the annular orifice (2) which may be
regulated by screw (j3) and hand wheel (j 4). The flame plays upon a ring of
asbestos (5) which soon rises to a high temperature and ensures the complete
combustion of the gas. It is further useful in relighting the gas should the latter
be accidently extinguished.
Troughs (m) laid along the bottom of the boiler are perforated at (m 1) and
have pipes (m2) passing upwards and round the interior of the boiler to pockets (n).
By the circulation of the water the sediment will be carried up through the
tubes (m2) and deposited in pockets (n). Perforated pipes (n 1) are fixed near the
bottom of pocket (n), extend the whole length of the same and passing out at
the end of the boiler are provided with cocks (n 2) by opening which the pockets
may be cleared of deposit.
wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details
herein before set forth as these may be modified in several ways by a skilled
person without departing from the spirit of my invention, as, for example the
type of boiler may be altered and my improvements adapted to a boiler without
tubes (d).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a steam boiler a conical flue in combination with a correspondingly conical
water tube having communication with the boiler by means of connecting pipes,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth herein."
2. In a steam boiler, in combination, a flue, water tube, and connecting pipes,
combustion chamber and tubes, substantially as aud for the purposes set forth
herein.
3. In a steam boiler a regulating nozzle for barning a mixture of gas and air,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth herein.
4. In a steam boiler, in combination, a flue, water tube and connecting pipes,

page_text: combustion chamber and tubes, and a gas nozzle, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth herein.
5. In a steam boiler, the apparatus for removing sediment from the bottom,
consisting of troughs, tubes, and pockets, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth herein.
6. The improvements in steam boilers constructed, arranged and operating,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth herein, and illustrated on the
|accompanying drawings.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.