An Improved Ratohet Drill.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Ratohet Drill.
1, PETER RICHARD ERICKSON, of Ishpenning, in the County of Marquette and
State of Michigan, United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improvement in ratchet-drills, and has for its object to
simplify the construction of such, and provide a means whereby the drill may be
readily inserted, and the action of the drill reversed, and wherein, also, the device
will be durable and can be conveniently manipulated.
The invention consists in the construction and combination of the soveral parts, as
will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed out in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this
specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all
the figures.
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the device: Fig. 2. is a transverse
section on line of Fig. 1: Fig. 3. is an elevation of the device: Fig. 4. is a
vertical longitudinal section through an alternative form of the device: Fig. 5 is a
transverse section on line y y of Fig. 4; and Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are detail views
of some of the parts of the device.
In carrying out the invention, a hollow interiorly-threaded spindle 1, is provided
with a chuck, 2, securely attached at one end, having integral with the inner face
and in contact with the spindle a flange, 3, above which flange a series of teeth, 4,
are produced.
The chuck consists of a body 5, provided as aforesaid, with the teeth and flange
at one end, and at the other end with a reduced exteriorly-threaded portion 6. The
body is further provided with a bore, 7, extending longitudinally through, which bore
is of varied diameter, as shown in Fig. 1, the outer or larger portion of the bore
being adapted to receive a split bushing, 8, for the purpose of holding the drill 9,
the intermediate portion; the shank of the drill, and the inner and smallest portion
of the bore, which is rectangular, being provided to receive a rectangular pro-
jection, 10, at the end of the aforesaid drill-shank. Through the body, from
side to side, an aperture 11 is projected, into which the point of an instrument
may be inserted to prevent the body 5 from turning when tightening the
clamping-ring 12.
To complete the chuck, the clamping-ring 12, is screwed upon the body over
the bushing, a portion of the exterior of which ring is faced to receive a wrench.
The end of the spindle upon which the chuck is secured is preferably made solid.
Upon the outer end of the spindle is screwed a head-piece 13, provided at the
upper edge upon the inner end with a series of teeth, 14, and within said teeth
with an annular. recess, 15. The outer end of the cap is faced to receive a wrench,
and from said end an exteriorly-threaded shank, 16, is projected, which shank
may be of any approved length. Over the cap shank is screwed an inwardly
threaded. sleeve 17, closed at the outer end, which end is adapted to a proper
bearing upon a breast-plate or other suitable rest. The cap-shank and the sleeve
which is roughened, in order that it may be firmly held by the hand, and provided
with an aperture 18, through which may be passed the end of a pointed mandril
whereby the sleeve may be rotated, enables the required feed being given to
the drill.
In order to adapt the device for a low, or boiler ratchet, the top piece or cap
is unscrewed and replaced by a short interiorly-threaded cap, 19, (Fig. 4) and a
rod, 20, provided with a suitable head, is screwed through the cap 19, into the

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spindle, 1. Between the cap and the chuck, two collars, 21 and 22, of different
width, are held to slide upon the spindle ;-one ring, the narrowest, engaging the
flange upon the chuck, and the other entering the recess in the cap.
A casing 23 is provided for the device, and it consists of two parts 24, and 25,
which are fitted together at 26 as shown, and their lower ends formed with a
screwed portion 27 adapted to fit the screwed recess 28 of a suitable handle 29,
whereby the two parts 24 and 25 are held together. Contained within the casing
and secured thereto by screws are the two toothed rings 30, 31, the teeth being upon
the outer edges and adapted to mesh, respectively, with the teeth upon the chuck-
body and cap. The said rings are further adapted to encircle the respective
collars 21 and 22.
Between the collars 21 and 22, the spindle is partially surrounded by the bifurcated
arms 32 of a shifting lever 33 which lever is pivoted in the casing below the spindle
as shown. The lower or pivoted end of the shifting-lever is at right angles to the
bifurcated end, and at that point in the under edge a recess 34 is cut.
As a means of actuating the shifting-lever, a spindle, 35, is provided, having a
collar, 36, and a squaro portion 37 which fits a square aperture in the lower portion 38
of the handle 29, where it is secured by a recessed nut 39 screwed upon the end
thereof. At the upper extremity of the spindle 35 is an eccentric, 40, which engages
in the recess 34 of the shifting lever 33. Between the lower portion of the handle
which is separate from the main part thereof is a washer, 41, which can be renewed
as the faces wear away.
In the alternative form of my invention I form the head 5 with a screwed nose, 42,
upon which any desired chuck may be fitted to carry the drill. The shifting-lever is
of a somewhat different shape to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and is actuated
by a dog, 43, the upper end of which is adapted for engagement with the
lever, within the recess; the lower end being secured to a headed pin, 44, or
equilivant device, which device is projected through a longitudinal slot 45, in the
casing, as shown in Fig. 5. As aforedescribed, the casing is secured to the handle, 29,
by a screw-thread, or in any other suitable manner, but is in this form of шу invention
made in one piece.
In the extremity of the handle is screwed a plug 46, and upon which bears one
end of a coiled spring, 47; the other end resting against the collar, 48, integral
with a pin, 49, which pin is projected partially through the spring, and likewise
carried to an engagement with the base of the dog, 43. Thus by screwing the plug
in or out of the handle the dog is made to engage the shifting-lever in a more or less
positive manner.
In operation, (with reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings,) when it is
desired to manipulate the device either to right or left, the portion 38 of the handle 29
is slightly turned, which so spaces the collars as that in the manipulation of
the handle, the toothed rings secured to the casing may be made to engage with
either the teeth upon the chuck or those upon the cap. When the shifting-lever is
thrown positively to the right or left, the spindle 1 is carried in the opposite direction,
and the ring upon that side brought into engagement with the proper set of teeth
fixed to the spindle, disengaging at the same time the other ring.
The same method of operating applies to the alternative form of the device shown
in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, excepting that instead of turning the lower part of
the handle, the headed pin, 44, is turned to right or left to effect the oscillation of the
shifting-lever as will be understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of.n my 'said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1st) The combination, with a hollow interiorly-threaded spindle, a chuck secured
at one end having an inner toothed surface: a detachable cap at the other end,
provided with an inner toothed surface: a supporting device carried by the cap, and
collars loosely mounted upon the spindle: a casing, formed in two halves and fitted

page_text: :
together and secured in a handle: toothed.rings secured to the casing: a bifurcated
and recessed shifting-lever pivoted in the casing: a spindle contained in the handle
and carrying an eccentric for actuating the shifting-lever and a handle formed in
two pieces; the lower piece of the handle being secured to the eccentric spindle,
whereby the said spindle may be actuated, all substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore set forth, and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
:
2nd) The combination, with a hollow interiorly-threaded spindle; a device for holding
a chuck secured at one end of said spindle, having an inner toothed surface: a
detachable cap secured at the other end of said spindle, having also an inner toothed
surface: a supporting device, screwed into the spindle collars loosely mounted upon
the spindle a casing provided with a slot in one face: toothed rings interioily
secured to the same a bifurcated shifting-lever pivoted in the casing: an actuating-
dog engaging said lever: a headed pin attached to said lever and projecting through
the slot in the casing a handle attached to the casing: a spring coiled in said
handle and a shouldered pin resting upon said spring, and bearing against the dog,
all substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth and illustrated in the
drawings hereunto annexed.
HORN & SON,
Applicant's Agents.