AN IMPROVEMENT IN CALCINING AND SMELTING OF VARIOUS DESCRIPTION OF ORES
Year: 1822

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
PASS, of Curtain Road, in the Parish of Saint Leonard, Shoreditch, in the
County of Middlesex, Dyer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of His United Kingdom, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of December, 1822, in the third
year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said William Pass, my exors,
aditiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said William Pass, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CALCINING AND SMELTING
OF VARIOUS DESCRIPTION OF ORES;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso that if I, the said William Pass, shall not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties
and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and
become void, as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Pass, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawing hereunto annexed, and the following
description thereof (that is to say):-
My said Improvements in the Calcining or Smelting of various Descriptions
of Ores consist in certain additions to the calcining or smelting furnaces;
and,―
First, in the manner of supplying the said furnaces with fuel, which is
effected as follows:-In the annexed Drawings A is the furnace; B, a
feeding hopper, to contain a quantity of coals, which are to be pushed forwards
to supply the fuel on the grate after they have become ignited, and not be
thrown upon it in the raw or unkindled state, as usual, and thus the greater
part of the smoke will be converted into flame, a greater degree of heat
obtained from it, and a consequent saving in the fuel effected.
Secondly, in an additional fireplace c, to be supplied with coke, culm, char-
coal, or other convenient fuel, and the use of which said additional fire is to
receive the flame and fumes from the furnace, in passing through which fire
any volatilized matters or substances extracted from the ores in the furnace
will be metallized, and part of the reduced metals will fall into the receiver D,
whilst the other and lighter parts will pass into the flue E, where they may be
condensed or collected by any of the known methods, and which need not,
therefore, be particularized here.
Thirdly, in order to avoid the necessity of employing a high stack or chimney
to afford a sufficient draft to the furnace, I can apply at the farther end of the
flue the instrument or machine known by the name of the centrifugal bellows,
and which I cause to be worked by water, or any other first-moving power, so
orifice or opening made in the
as to draw in the fumes from the flue at an
external cover of the bellows, near to its centre, and to expel the same
through another opening made in the cover, near its periphery, by its centri-
fugal force.
I do not mean or intend hereby to claim as my Invention the feeding hopper
B, such having already been applied to other furnaces, but not, I believe, to
furnaces for calcining or smelting ores, and which latter application of it I
hereby claim the exclusive privilege of using during the term in my said
Letters Patent. Neither do I hereby claim the application of the centrifugal
bellows to furnaces in general, but only the application thereof to the furnaces
for calcining and smelting ores.

page_text: I believe the introduction of a second fireplace and fire as applied to the
furnaces for calcining and smelting ores to be entirely new, and therefore I
hereby claim the same as being my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Pass, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-three.