IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CURTAINS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Millar and Ninian Jamieson, both of
Darvel, in the County of Ayr, North Britain, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CURTAINS."
Scaled the 16th October 1875, and dated the 23rd April 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Miller and
Ninian Jamieson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd April 1875.
We, THOMAS MILLER and NINIAN JAMIESON, both of Darvel, in the
County of Ayr, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CURTAINS," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the manufacture of
curtains, has for its object to produce a greater density or closeness of
appearance in the pattern or flowering portions of muslin or leno
curtains.

page_text: The Invention is carried into effect by using in the loom two warp
beams, on each of which a separate warp is carried.
In connexion with the loom two jacquard machines are preferably
employed, or instead a single jacquard machine may be used.
When using two jacquard machines the chain of cards on one 5
machine is punched continuously for leno weaving, and the chain of
cards on the other machine is punched for ordinary plain cloth ground
or muslin weaving.
punched alternately
Thus two webs are 1
other plain ground
When using one jacquard machine the cards are
for weaving leno and plain ground or muslin cloth.
formed one over the other, one of which is leno the
or muslin cloth. At those places of the fabric where the pattern or
flowering is to be produced the plain cloth is united at the edge of such
pattern or flowering to the leno, this being effected by some of the holes
in the cards being punched to lift those warp threads of the leno portion
of the cloth which are situated at about or within the edge of the
pattern up through the plain or muslin warp, so that the weft when shot
through unites the cloth at the parts of the warps so lifted.
After the cloth is woven in the manner herein-before described, the
floating portions of the ground or muslin cloth are cut away, leaving 2
the pattern or flowering on the leno and composed of muslin or plain
cloth, and these cloths combined or superposed.
Instead of using jacquard harness for weaving the plain ground or
muslin cloth, heddles may be used to weave that portion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 2
filed by the said Thomas Miller and Ninian Jamieson in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 16th October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
MILLER and NINIAN JAMIESON, both of Darvel, in the County of Ayr,
North Britain, send greeting.
3

page_text: cards on the other machine is punched for ordinary plain cloth ground
or muslin weaving; or a double jacquard machine, that is to say, a
machine having two perforated barrels and two chains of cards with
the other well-known parts in connexion for operating the same may
employed.
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When using one jacquard machine, the cards are punched alternately
for weaving leno and plain ground or muslin cloth. Thus two webs are
formed one over the other, one of which is leno, the other, plain ground
or muslin cloth. At those places of the fabric where the pattern or
flowering is to be produced, the plain cloth is united at the edge of
such pattern or flowering to the leno, this being effected by some of
the holes in the cards being punched to lift those warp threads of the
leno portion of the cloth which are situated at about or within the edge
of the pattern up through the plain or muslin warp, so that the weft
when shot through unites the cloth at the parts of the warps so
lifted.
After the cloth is woven in the manner herein-before described, the
floating portions of the ground or muslin cloth are cut away, leaving
the pattern or flowering on the leno, and composed of muslin or plain
cloth, and these cloths combined or superposed, or in place of the two
cloths being superposed the cards of the jacquard machine may be
punched so as to shed those portions of the warp where the dense
appearance is required into or through one another, in which case at
these places the two warps become united into one warp and plain cloth
of closer or denser texture is produced by the uniting action of the
weft.
Instead of using jacquard harness for weaving the plain ground or
muslin cloth heddles may be used to weave that portion.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, we would observe
in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and original, and there-
fore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the production of the pattern portions of
curtains or analogous cloth by uniting two webs of leno and muslin or
plain cloth, or uniting the two webs into one web of plain cloth in the

page_text: manner and by the apparatus or mechanism arranged as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Miller, on behalf of my-
self and the said Ninian Jamieson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of October, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-five.