Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
A communication from abroad by the Firm of BRADT AND SHIPMAN, of De Kalb,
Illinois, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to separable buttons or fastening devices such as are
employed on gloves or other articles, and particularly to the stud members of
such fastening devices.
The principal object of the invention is to provide a construction of stud mem-
ber wherein the parts thereof may be effectively united by upsetting or crimping
one within the other, while at the same time permitting the use of a compara-
tively thin outer shell of bulb form, and wherein the parts will accommodate
themselves to varying thicknesses of material without in the least impairing the
clinching or crimping effect. The invention entirely overcomes the difficulties
heretofore encountered in the manufacture of stud members for separable buttons
arising out of attempts to effect a clinching or crimping action by forcing together
a pointed rivet and a bulb form shell, in which case the point of such rivet either
enters the slit which may already exist in the shell or make an opening for
itself, and breaks open the shell. This difficulty has made necessary the employ-
ment of a special clinching piece within the bulb-form shell, but my invention
obviates any such necessity, while at the same time removing the objection to
the pointed rivet when used without a clinching piece.
'
With the above stated objects in view the invention consists in certain novel
features of construction and combinations of parts, the essential elements of which
are recited in the appended claims, and a detailed description of preferred forms
of which is hereinafter given.
The drawings which accompany and form part of this specification illustrate
different forms in which the invention may be embodied.
Referring to said drawings-
Figures. I and 2 represent completed stud members in cross-section, illustrating
different clinching effects which may result in the joinder of the two parts of the
stud member.
Figure 3 represents the bulb form shell or head in cross-section.
Figure 4 represents the rivet member in cross-section.
Figure 5 represents a complete separable button or fastening device in cross-
section, showing my, invention embodied therein; and
Figure 6.represents, a modified. form of rivet, also in cross-section.
In the drawings the letter designates a hollow bulb form head or shell having
á base flange, and a catch groove or annular recess, thereabove, and the
letter, designates, a round top or obtuse ended rivet having a base flange l, and

page_text: provided with a slit m, extending part way through its length from the upper
end, as clearly shown in Figure 4.
A hole having been previously provided in the material, when the rivet is
passed through the same and into the hollow head the upper slitted portion is
crimped or upset within said head, as shown in Figure 1, or under certain con-
ditions the upset end of the rivet may assume the shape shown in Figure 2,
or any irregular or crinkled or burred form, which will insure the secure
attachment of the stud to the material, and the burred or crinkled portion
being concealed within the hollow portion of the head of the stud, the appear-
ance thereof is not marred or disfigured by rough or unsightly exterior pro-
jections.
It will also be noted that the attaching rivet may be comparatively long, thus
permitting considerable variation in range of thickness of material to be used,
without alteration in the length or shape of either the rivet or head portion of
the stud, as the amount or extent to which the end of the rivet will be burred
will depend upon the distance between the flanges of the two members comprising
the stud, and this distance will conform to the thickness of material clamped
between them by the pressure of the upsetting tools.
It has been extremely difficult heretofore to attach a slitted or resilient stud
member to the material by means of a rivet or eyelet which passes up into the
hollow portion of the stud head, owing to the liability of the pointed end of the
rivet or the edge of the eyelet catching into the edges of the slit and thus spread-
ing, perforating or changing the shape of the stud head. Owing to this difficulty
it has been customary to use a separate clinching piece in such slitted studs to
upset the end of the rivet or eyelet. In fact slitted studs have not heretofore
been attached to the material by the use of an eyelet or rivet alone, without a
clinching piece, especially when said rivet is to be upset by' pressure of the head
of the rivet against the inner surface of the stud head.
.3
One of the especial advantages arising from the use of my rivet is that a stud
of comparatively thin material may be attached to the fabric, and the upset or
crinkled end of the rivet serves as a reinforcement, owing to the fact that it con-
forms to the interior shape of the stud head and backs it up, while it also adds
to its spring action, if slitted, as it sustains and reinforces the spring walls of
the stud head.
If an unslitted head is used it can be made of light material, as in this class
of fasteners, many of which are used on thin gloves, weight has much to do with
the selection and practicability of a fastener, as from two to ten of these fasteners
are used on a pair of gloves. Further, if quite thin material is used in the stud
head the fact that the top of the fastening rivet is rounded and slitted and thereby
weakened, the finish of the stud head is not injured nor the material dented,
distorted or marred during the setting operation, of which there would be danger
in using other forms of fastening rivets. The top end of my rivet being slitted
and thus weakened when it strikes the inner surface of the stud head, is readily
crinkled and folded upon itself within the head and above the groove, thus in-
suring a permanent attachment to the material and allowing for a very consider-
able range of thickness of material to which the stud may be attached; and with
my rivet the outer surface of the head of the stud is always smooth, and the
material is tightly held between the flanges of the bulb form head and rivet. I
may find it desirable to make more than one slit in the rivet, and I may use a
solid slitted rivet, as shown in Figure 6. If desired the stud member k may be
slitted to form a spring post as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 3.
In Figure 5 I have shown a stud member of the above. description, together
with and in its fastening relation to a socket member of a preferred construction
for use therewith, and it will be seen that the two members so conform with each
other in their interlocking and contacting portions as to effectually obviate a
wobbling action between them. It may be added, however, that while the stud
member herein described is admirably adapted for use with the form of socket

page_text: member shown it is nevertheless capable of conjoint use with other forms of
socket members
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A stud member of a separable fastener consisting of a hollow bulb form
head having a base flange designed to be secured upon one side of the material,
and a fastening rivet therefor; said rivet having a base flange and an elongated
shank formed with an obtuse end slitted as described and adapted to be passed
through a previously formed hole in the material and into said head and upset
against the inner surface thereof, thus invisibly securing the stud to the material
whereby a thin shell may be used for the head of the stud and the head and rivet
effectively united without deforming or breaking said head, substantially as
described.
2. A stud member for separable fasteners composed of a hollow bulb form
head having a base flange and an external socket member engaging groove or
annular recess above said flange, combined with a hollow flanged fastening rivet
having the upper end of its shank slitted and formed with a blunt upper end;
said slitted shank being adapted to pass through a previously formed hole in the
material into said head and to be upset therein, as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a separable fastener, the socket member in combination with a stud-
member comprising a suitable hollow head having a base flange and a catch-groove
below said head, and a slitted fastening rivet having a round or obtuse slitted
end and a base flange; said end being bent or folded within said hollow head
and firmly clamping the material between the flanges of the head and rivet, sub-
stantially as described.
4. A stud member for separable fasteners composed of a hollow bulb form
head provided with a base flange and an external socket member engaging groove
or annular recess above said flange, combined with a base flanged fastening rivet
having a stem rising from said flange and provided with a round or obtuse end
and slitted through said end to allow it to easily spread or upset within the
hollow head of said stud and firmly clamp the material between the flanges of the
head and rivet.
5. In a separable fastener, the socket member, in combination with a stud
member comprising a suitable hollow head adapted to fit said socket member and
having a base flange and a catch groove below said head, and a fastening rivet
having a blunt upper end slitted to weaken it and thereby allow it to readily
spread and conform to the inner surface of the stud head, thus firmly securing
the stud to the material without deforming the head of the stud, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.