IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRODUCING AND REVIVIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Brearley, of Dock Street, Whitechapel,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRODUCING
AND REVIVIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL."
Sealed the 11th January 1861, and dated the 12th July 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Brearley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents,' with his Petition, on the 12th
July 1860.
I, THOMAS BREABLEY, of Dock Street, Whitechapel, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
PRODUCING AND REVIVIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for producing
and revivifying animal charcoal, and the improvements are applicable to
machinery, such as is described in the Specification of a Patent granted to
Charles Frederick Parsons, dated the Fifth day of March 1858, No. 445.
In place of applying a fixed and stationary fire-place or places under a
rotating platform or disc, as formerly, a fire grating which is capable of
rotating below the platform or disc is used. This fire grating is arranged to
have a continuous or interrupted rotatory motion communicated to it. The
grating is set in suitable brickwork, or otherwise, and has a flue passing from
it on one side, and a feeding place at the other side. It is preferred that the

page_text: fire grating should be of an annular form so as to apply heat principally to the
outer circumference of the disc or platform on which the materials under
process are spread. It is also preferred that the dome or cover should have
the power of being rotated at intervals, and that the platform or disc should
be stationary, but this is not essential. The feed hopper and the spreading
apparatus are applied to the cover as before, and the lower edges of the cover
enter a circular groove or recess in which suitable materials are placed for
preventing the evolved products from the matters under process passing into
the outer atmosphere, and also for preventing atmospheric air passing into the
apparatus. The animal charcoal when completed is removed from the platform
through an opening in its centre, and the charcoal falls through a descending
pipe into a cooler consisting of a series of upright pipes or tubes surrounded
by water. The lower ends of the pipes or tubes are fixed in a plate which has
below it a conical hopper having a closing valve at its lower end. The waste
heat passing away by the flue from the machinery is conducted to, and in
some cases through, a steam boiler, in order to generate steam by such waste
heat.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Brearley, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, TшоMAS
BREARLEY, of Dock Street, Whitechapel, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the Twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Brearley, Her special licence, that I, the said Thomas Brearley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Brearley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter, during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PRODUCING AND REVIVIFYING ANIMAL CHARCOAL," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Brearley, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of

page_text: their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters.
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Brearley, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per--
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for producing.
and revivifying animal charcoal, and the improvements are applicable to
machinery such as is described in the Specification of a Patent granted to
Charles Frederick Parsons, dated the 5th day of March 1858, No. 445. In
place of applying a fixed and stationary fire-place or places under a rotating
platform, or disc as formerly, a firo grating which is capable of rotating below
the platform or disc is used. This fire grating is arranged to have a continuous
or interrupted rotatory motion communicated to it. The grating is set in
suitable brick work or otherwise, and has a flue passing from it on one side, and
a feeding place at the other side. It is preferred that the fire grating should.
be of an annular form so as to apply heat principally to the outer circum-
ference of the disc or 'platform on which the materials under process are
spread. It is also preferred that the dome or cover should have the power of
being rotated at intervals, and that the platform or disc should be stationary,
but this is not essential. The feed hopper and the spreading apparatus are
applied to the cover as before, and the lower edges of the cover enter a cir-
cular groove or recess in which suitable materials are placed for preventing
the evolved products from the matters under process passing into the outer
atmosphere, and also for preventing atmospheric air passing into the apparatus..
The animal charcoal when completed is removed from the platform through
an opening in its centre, and the charcoal falls through a descending pipe
into a cooler consisting of a series of upright pipes or tubes surrounded by
water. The lower ends of the pipes or tubes are fixed in a plate which has
below it a conical hopper having a closing valve at its lower end.
The waste heat passing away by the flue from the machinery is conducted
to, and in some cases through a steam boiler in order to generate steam by
such waste heat.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Drawing represents a vertical section of machinery arranged according
to my Invention. a is the disc or plate on which the animal charcoal is
placed; it is arranged to be readily removed and replaced by another, and in
that respect it is similar to what has been the practice; it is also made air-
tight at the circumference by its edge entering a trough as heretofore. In the
centre of this plate or disc is an opening where there is a descending pipe
or tube to convey off the charcoal when the process has been completed; c
is the cover which carries the hopper d, by which a charge of charcoal is
supplied to the plate or disc a as heretofore. The cover c is arranged to
be rotated when supplying a charge of charcoal to the disc or plate a, and
also when discharging the previous charge of charcoal; e is a scraper carried
by the cover which is supported in an oblique direction, so that when the
cover is rotated, the charge of charcoal previously on the plate or disc a will be
scraped towards the centre and caused to descend through the pipe or tube b.
The scraper is arranged so as to be raised or lowered to admit of the cover
being turned round without moving the charge on the plate or disc. Below
the disc or plate there is a ring-formed grating or fire-place which is sup-
ported by ring-formed rails or supports f,f. The under surface of the outer
ring of the grating is formed with teeth so as to admit of the fire-place or
grating being turned by means of the axis g on which there is a pinion
which takes into the toothed rack formed on the under side of the outer ring
of the grating or fire-place. The outer ring and the inner ring of the fire-
place or grating are combined by bars i, i, at intervals, and the two rings
carry the fire bars as shown in the Drawing; j is a flue or passage from the
interior of the fire or furnace by which the products of combustion are con-
veyed away to the chimney, or it may be to a boiler interposed between the
furnace and the chimney. At the opposite side of the furnace there is an
opening and door in order to supply fuel to the fire; by these means the
products arising from the fresh fuel will have to pass over well ignited fuel
in their way to the flue. The charcoal when it descends through the pipe
or tube enters the upper chamber of a cooling apparatus, and descends through
a series of pipes into a hopper-formed chamber, closed at bottom by a valve.
The pipes of the cooling apparatus are surrounded by water to keep them
cooled. The motion given to the fireplace is preferred to be continuous, but
slow, but the motion may be if preferred at intervals only.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of.

page_text: performing the same, I would have it understood, that what I claim is the
combining a rotating grate or fire-place and rotating spreader and scraper
with apparatus such as is herein described for producing and revivifying
animal charcoal.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Brearley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
The mark of THOMAS BREARLEY, × (L.S.)
Witness to the mark of Thomas Brearley,
ROBT. THORNWELL.