IMPROVE- MENTS IN CONNECTING EARTHENWARE RAIN PIPES AND SOIL PIPES OF WATER- CLOSETS AND IN VALVE WATER-CLOSETS.
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Josiah George Jennings, of Great Charlotte Street,
Blackfriars Road, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CONNECTING EARTHENWARE RAIN PIPES AND SOIL PIPES OF WATER-
CLOSETS AND IN VALVE WATER-CLOSETS.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Josiah George Jennings
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th December 1855.
I, JOSIAH GEORGE JENNINGS, of Great Charlotte Street, Blackfriars Road,
in the County of Surry, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING EARTHENWARE RAIN PIPES AND SOIL PIPES OF
WATER-CLOSETS, AND IN VALVE WATER-CLOSETS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object better means of connecting earthenware
rain pipes and soil pipes of water-closets; also an improvement in valve
water-closets.
For the purpose of connecting earthenware pipes for conducting off rain water
from buildings and the soil from water-closets, cast-iron sockets or junctions of
a peculiar form are used. Each socket or junction is cast with an internal rib
or projection of the thickness of the earthenware pipes which are to be fixed
into it, and on the outside there is a lug or lugs to fix the junction or socket to
a wall or part of a building. The junction or socket is fixed to the end of an
earthenware pipe in the following manner:-There is a groove around and

page_text: near the end of the pipe, so that when the end is introduced into the socket,
and melted asphalte or cement is run into the socket between it and the pipe,
there will be a good joint formed in fixing the end of another pipe into the
same socket; a flexible washer or ring of vulcanized india-rubber is placed on
the projection in the socket, and the whole of the surfaces are coated with red
lead or suitable cement, and then the end of the other earthenware pipe is
introduced, and a sound joint is made. And in making the surfaces of valve
water-closets, in order to ensure waterproof contact at all times when the
valves are shut, a ring or surface of vulcanized india-rubber is applied to
the seat of each valve, and in addition thereto a ring or surface of vulcanized
india-rubber is applied to the valve itself, in such manner, that when the valve
is shut, the two rings or surfaces of vulcanized india-rubber come together and
form a good joint.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Josiah George Jennings in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 10th June 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSIAH
GEORGE JENNINGS, of Great Charlotte Street, Blackfriars Road, in the County
of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, .Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Josiah. George Jennings, Her special license that I, the said
Josiah George Jennings, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Josiah George Jennings, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTING EARTHENWARE RAIN PIPES AND
SOIL PIPES OF WATER-CLOSETS, AND IN VALVE WATER-CLOSETS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Josiah George Jennings, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause

page_text: the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent. .:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Josiah George Jennings, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is' to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say):-
This Invention has for its object better means of connecting earthenware
rain pipes and soil pipes of water-closets; also an improvement in valve water-
closets.
For the purpose of connecting earthenware pipes for conducting off rain
water from buildings and the soil from water-closets, cast-iron sockets or
junctions of a peculiar form are used. Each socket or junction is cast with
an internal rib or projection of the thickness of the earthenware pipes which
are to be fixed into it, and on the outside there is a lug- or lugs to fix the
junction or socket to a wall or part of a building. The junction or socket
is fixed to the end of an earthenware pipe in. the following manner:-
There is a groove around and near the end of the pipe, so that when the
end is introduced into the socket, and melted asphalte or cement is run
into the socket between it and the pipe, there will be a good joint formed:
In fixing the end of another pipe into the socket, a flexible washer or ring
of vulcanized india-rubber is placed on the projection in the socket, and
the whole of the surfaces are coated with red lead or suitable cement, 'and'
then the end of the other earthenware pipe is introduced, and a sound joint
is made. And in making with surfaces of valve water-closets, in order to
ensure waterproof contact at all times when the valves are shut, 'a 'ring or
surface of vulcanized india-rubber is applied to the seat of each valve, and in
addition thereto a ring or surface of vulcanized india-rubber is applied to the
valve itself, in such manner, that when the valve is shut, the two rings or
surfaces of vulcanized india-rubber come together and form a good joint.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe
more fully the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.

page_text: against when connected, the inner circumference of the rib corresponding with
the inner circumference of the pipes; 62, 63, are grooves formed on the inner
circumference of the socket, which come opposite to the grooves a¹, a', around
the ends of the pipes, and when asphalte or other cement is run or forced into
the socket between it and the pipe, the grooves a¹, 62, will be filled thereby,
and thus form a good joint, each pipe having had a socket fixed thereon, as
above described. Such pipes are fixed together in the following manner :-A
flexible washer or ring of vulcanized india-rubber c is placed on the rib or
projection 6' in the socket for the end of the pipe to come against, and asphate
or any suitable cement is employed to make a sound joint, as before described.
63, 63, are lugs cast on the junction or socket to fix the pipes to a wall or part
of a building.
Figure 3 shows the section of a lower part of the pan or basin of a water-
closet and the valve for closing the same; and Figure 4 shows a plan of the
valve or flap for closing the bottom of the pan.
a is a ring of vulcanized india-rubber let into and projection from the under
side of the metal ring a', in which the pan or basin rests; b is another ring of
vulcanized india-rubber let into the upper surface of the flap or valve which
closes the bottom of the pan or basin. The surface of the india-rubber ring b
is pressed against the surface of the india-rubber ring a by a weighted lever,
acting on the slotted lever b', fixed on the axis 6% of the flap or valve b, so as to
ensure waterproof contact and a perfect joint between the two parts when they
come together.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details herein shown and described; but what I claim is,-
First, the mode of connecting earthenware rain pipes and soil pipes of water-
closets, as herein described.
And, secondly, I claim the construction of valve water-closets, as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Josiah George Jennings, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
JOSIAH GEORGE JENNINGS. (L.S.)
J. G. TONGUE.