Year: 1827

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
DON, late of No. 9, Lower James Street, Golden Square, in the Parish of
Saint James, in the City of Westminster, Millwright, but now of No. 65,
White Lion Street, Pentonville, in the same County, and ANDREW SMITH,
late of No. 28, Wells Street, Oxford Street, in the Parish of Mary-le-bone,
in the County of Middlesex, Builder, but now of No. 65, White Lion
Street aforesaid, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Fourth, in and by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fifteenth day of June, in the eighth year of His reign,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, did give and grant unto us, the
said Thomas Don and Andrew Smith, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, His special license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
we, the said Thomas Don and Andrew Smith, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of them, by ourselves or by our deputy or deputies,
servants or agents, or such others as we, the said Thomas Don and Andrew
Smith, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of

page_text: Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His said Majesty's Colonies and Planta-
tions abroad, our methods of "MAKING AND CONSTRUCTING SHUTTERS AND BLINDS
OF IRON OR STEEL, OR ANY OTHER METALS OR COMPOSITION THEREOF; AND IMPROVED
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTING AND FIXING SHUTTERS AND BLINDS OF IRON OR STEEL,
OR ANY OTHER METALS OR MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF UNITING IN SHUTTERS THE
DOUBLE PROPERTIES OF SHUTTERS AND BLINDS;" in which said Letters Patent
there is contained a proviso that if we, the said Thomas Don and Andrew
Smith, or one of us, should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by
an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or the hand and seal
of one of us, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within two calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and
all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease,
determine, and become void, as in and-by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the
said Thomas Don and Andrew Smith, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention to consist in constructing shop and other window shutters
of metal in such manner as by their firmness to form a security against
housebreaking, and so fixed or fitted up as to answer, if required, the double
purpose of shutters and sun blinds. And in further compliance with the said
proviso, we, the said Thomas Don and Andrew Smith, do hereby describe the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In the Drawing marked A will be observed Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.
Figure 1 represents an horizontal section of an ordinary house window, taken
near the middle thereof, to which the patent shutters are applied; Figure 2
represents an elevation of a house window to which the patent shutters are
applied; Figure 3 represents a vertical section of a house window to which the
patent shutters are applied, with the patent shutters closed before the window;
Figure 4 represents a vertical section of the same, shewing the union of
shutters and blinds and their action, the blinds projected before window.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, are drawn to a scale of two inches to one foot.
Figure 5 is an horizontal section of parts of Figures 1, and Figure 6 is a
vertical section of parts of Fig. 3, drawn for clearer elucidation at full size,
and broken in parts for convenience. The shutters, Figure 2, A, A, A, may
be made of sheet iron, steel, or any metal, varying in thickness as circun-

page_text: stances may require, generally from one eighth of an inch to one twenty-
fourth of an inch in thickness; they are bound or framed round with metal
bars B, B, B, &c., which are grooved to admit the metal sheets, and firmly
jointed at the corners, which will be more plainly perceived in Figures 5
and 6. A, the metal sheets; B, the grooved bars behind cach of these
framed sheets or shutters to strengthen them. There may be placed one or
more upright, horizontal, or transverse bars or muntings, between the upper
and lower and side bars or rails, see Figure 5, C, C, C, and Figure 1, C, C, C,
in order to lock one sheet into the other, so that the joints may not open; but
to make them as one entire shutter, we fix what we term angular locking bars
on the horizontal bars or rails B, B, B, of framed sheets A, A, A; these
will be seen in Figures 3 and 6, marked D, D; the parts marked E are
brackets projecting as far out as the shutter or set of shutters for the purpose
of carrying with it the upper shutters into the entablature c, each framed
sheet or shutter sliding into its separate groove, made in a grooved bar, see
F, F, F, &c., Figures 2, 3, and 6. Figure 6, a, b, c, shew the grooves, each
groove being as long from the top as each shutter is intended to descend in
front of the window. The grooved bars on each side are connected by means
of horizontal bars at their upper and lower extremities, see Figures 4 and 6,
G, G, G; the lower bar also serves to screw or otherwise fasten shutters to and
to rest them on. These shutters are raised up into the entablature by means
of a line, chain, or cord fixed to one end of lower framed sheet or shutter, as
seen Figure 6 by dotted lines E, H, which line, chain, or cord passing over
the pulley I, Figures 3, 4, and 6, from thence it is wound round the pulley
J, J, Figures 3 and 4, by means of a handle or winch K, Figures 1, 3,
and 4, the frames or supports of both pulleys being connected to the grooved
bars F, F, &c. To the other end of lower framed sheet or shutter is attached
another line, chain, or cord passing over a similar pulley, as L, Figure 6,
but at the opposite end from thence, running horizontally, is carried also over
the pulley I to the pulley J; both chains being wound up, thus lift up the
shutters level into the entablature above the window. When it is required to
fit these shutters as sun blinds, the number of sheets required should be fitted
with a pivot or hinge, as shewn at Figure 4, M, and moved upwards by the
rack and pinion there shown, while a canvass side, in the form of a fan, and
made to collapse like one, should be fitted as here shewn at each side to form
side shades; these fans may be made to close by means of the weight x,
which draws them into their respective recesses behind the jaumb lining,
when the shutter falls.

page_text: In Drawing marked B are Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, illustrative of the
application of these patent shutters and blinds to shop windows. Figure 1
is an horizontal section or plan of shop window, with the patent shutters and
sun blinds applied; Figure 2, an elevation of same, with the shutters and sun
blinds closed, drawn to a smaller scale; Figure 3, a vertical section of same,
and shewing the action as blinds projected; Figure 4, a further illustration
of part of Figure 3; and Figure 5 a vertical section of shutters, which are
shewn as closed.
It should be here observed, that the same letters are used to denote similar
parts in all the Drawings.
We will now describe the different methods of winding up the shutters into
the entablature, projecting them out as sun blinds, and the side blinds to be
used in shop windows. For shops and other large shutters, more power being
requisite to lift or raise them into the entablature, we use a wheel and pinion,
as seen, Figures 1, 3, and 5. I, the pinion; J, the wheel resting or working
on framework L, which is fixed, as seen in the Drawing, on either metal
bar, or metal-grooved bar, and bearing also on story post. The pinion I,
being turned by the handle or winch, gives motion to the wheel J, on the
spindle of which is a small cylinder or pulley, around which is wound up the
chains or cord H, the one H a passing over the pulley R, and then attached
to lower shutter; the other H 6 passes over the pulley C, which pulley is
fixed in an angular position, as will be perceived from the edge of the grooved
bar, the cord H then is passed horizontally unto the other end of framed
sheets over the opposite pulley fixed on opposite grooved or metal bar, and
thence passing downwards is fixed to the other end of framed sheet of the
shutter; thus these two chains or cords, lifting up both ends, raise them
steadily up to the top of the grooved bars F into the entablature. Two
framed sheets or shutters are here represented as projected out as sun blinds,
Figure 3; one of the shutters is drawn up the grooved bar into the entablature.
The projection as sun blind is caused by means of a pinion P, Figures 1 and 3,
working in a toothed segment Q, and which pinion revolves upon the axle
of the pinion I, and is turned the winch K, having, as in the other Drawing,
points or pins entering into correspondent holes inside of pulley V, fixed to
side of pulley P in Figure 3; the pinions I and P are bid by the pulley V,
and are placed on a side of said pinion for the purpose herein-after mentioned.
The toothed segment Q is fixed to the projecting part of grooved bar, passing
through an apature made between the metal bar N and grooved bar F,
continuing on to and working in the pinion P, which being turned, as above

page_text: stated, of course either projects or draws in the shutters used as sun blinds.
But previous to the shutters forming the sun blinds being drawn in, we
should mention, that it is necessary to lower the shutter or shutters not used
as sun blinds, but drawn up in the entablature, not entirely down, but so far
as that the angular jointing bars D, D, of the shutters may lock into each
other; otherwise, by straining the shutters, damage may be done to them; and
previous to projecting them out, the under shutter must be raised as high as
is necessary to free or unlock it. S, Figures 1, 3, and 5, shews a pin which
is passed through the iron or other metal frame L, for the purpose of locking
the wheel J when necessary. T, Figures 1 and 3, is a pall, which falls into
a ratchet wheel on side of pinion P, for the purpose of keeping projected, and
to hinder the closing until it is required to form shutters of the blinds, thus
one end of blind is projected; and in order to project the other end of blind
at the same time, the pulley V, fixed to side of pinion P, is formed to admit
of an endless chain or cord, shewn by dotted line e, e, fitting or passing round
it, and is thence conveyed over the smaller pulleys W, then along the top
of window, where it is crossed, as represented in Figure 1, dotted lines
e, e, e, e, passing then over similar pulleys on the other side, and then to the
other pulley V, on the shaft or spindle of which is fixed another pinion P,
which, working in toothed segment Q, projects out this side also, the obvious
use of which crossing is to cause the opposite pulley to revolve in the same
direction, thus by turning the winch or handle K, the end d being placed into
the correspondent holes in side of pulley V, projects out both ends of framed
sheets or shutters to form sun or other blinds. U is a side blind attached as
before shewn to that part of grooved bar which projects out as the blind, but,.
in this case, is a single piece of canvass or linen, &c., which, passing through
the aperture in metal bar N, is wound round the conical roller Y, Figures 1
and 4, by means of the weight, to which is attached the line or cord g;
this line or cord is wound round the pulley or cylinder f, at lower part
of conical roller, when the shutter blinds are drawn inwards, allows this
weight to descend, and as it descends, winds the line off the pulley or
cylinder f, thus turning the conical roller, and winding or folding on the
side blind; g is a pulley for weight line to work over. The spindle or axle of
the conical roller works in bearings, as seen at i, i, which are fixed to metal
bars or anywhere convenient. The shutters are fastened down either by
means of a screwed pin or bolt, passing through the lower shutter into
grooved bars, or a latch may lock into end of framed sheet, as shewn in
Figure 6. is a spring latch attached or fixed to the grooved bar F; B, the
end grooved framing bars or rails; A is portion of sheets. In order to draw
this latch from the shutter, to admit the raising of the framed sheets or

page_text: shutters, a line or wire k is shewn working over a small pulley ; this line or
wire may be conveyed so as to be convenient or adjacent to the winch K,
which of course must be pulled to withdraw latch before winding or raising up
the shutters this may be applied to any windows. Another latch is used also
at M, Figures 3 and 5, for locking them when up in the entablature, which
latch must be withdrawn similarly to other latch, previous to lowering the
shutters.
It will be observed that in the Drawings and illustration, we have only
shewn and spoken of shutters and sun blinds as working vertically, and being
raised only into the entablature, but our said Invention is equally applicable to
shutters working or moving horizontally, or may be deposited below the stall
board or window cills, or in brickwork in lower parts of windows, or behind
the columns or pilasters, or in a casing before story post, or in brickwork at
the sides of window; nor have we marked or mentioned those parts, such as
sashes, &c., conceiving every competent mechanic will of course understand
their representation in the Drawings; but we use, as will be seen, Figure 1,
Drawing B, two story posts, in order to contain the conical rollers Y, Y,
where they are required; and we also inclose the side blind behind the jaumb
or other linings, as may be convenient, without folding, but continued straight
and drawn in by a weight, as the rest are drawn in.
Now whereas we claim as our Invention metal shutters for shop and
other windows made in manner aforesaid, as also similar shutters arranged to
answer the purpose of shutters or sun blinds, as hercin-before described; and
such our Invention being, to the best of our knowledge and belief, entirely
new, and never before used within that part of His said Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His said Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, nor in any of His said Majesty's
Colonies or Plantations abroad, we do hereby declare this to be our Specifi-
cation of the same, and that we do verily believe this our said Specification
doth comply in all respects fully, and without reserve or disguise, with the
proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained;
wherefore we do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to
our said Invention.
In witness whereof, the said parties to these Presents have hereunto
set their hands and seals, this Fifteenth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven.
THOMAS (L.S.) DON.
ANDREW (L.S.) SMITH.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fifteenth day of August,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Thomas Don and Andrew Smith
came before our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Fifteenth day of August, in the year above written.