Improvements in Spreaders or Spray Producers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 1st Dec., 1891-Accepted, 5th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spreaders or Spray Producers.
I, GEORGE OULTON of the Firm of Dodd and Oulton of Stanley Street,
Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for spreading and diffusing jets of liquid as
the latter issues from a pipe or nozzle under pressure, the object of this invention
being to produce a simple, cheap and effective device or apparatus.
The invention consists in the manner of contracting the orifice or end of
a flexible pipe or a nozzle and the means for effecting this, so that the stream or jet
of liquid issuing from the orifice shall be spread out and diffused, the spread or the
diffusion of the liquid being greater or less according to the degree of contraction
of the bore of the pipe at the orifice.
:
According to this invention I make a sheath, which may consist of a piece
of metal tube, and at or near the end of this sheath I so arrange a moveable or
adjustable stopper that the end or nozzle of a flexible pipe passed into the sheath
may, at the will of the operator be contracted so that the stream of liquid in the
pipe can be spread out and diffused to any degree between the issue of the liquid at,
full bore and the total closing-up of the orifice.
The sheath may vary in size to suit the size or bore of pipe to be used.
The stopper is preferably formed at or connected to the end of a thumb-screw or
equivalent which turns in a boss formed on the end of the sheath and presses
against the end or nozzle of the flexible pipe at the will of the operator. But it
may be pressed against the nozzle by a lever operated by the hand and capable of
being fixed in any position relative to the orifice and which may be held in any
suitable manner.
The flexible pipe or hose being formed round in the usual way readily assumes
its proper form with a full orifice when relieved of the pressure of the adjustable
stopper.
The sheath forms a handle wherewith to hold the end of the pipe or hose which
may be readily inserted or withdrawn.
I, GEORGE OULTON, of the Firm of Dodd and Oulton of Stanley Street,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for spreading and diffusing jets of liquid
ו...D

page_text: issuing under pressure from a pipe or nozzle, the object of the invention being to
produce a simple, cheap and effective apparatus.
The invention consists in the particular construction of the apparatus or means
for holding the end of a flexible pipe and contracting the same at will so that
a stream or jet of liquid issuing therefrom shall be spread out and diffused
more or less according to the degree of contraction of the bore of the pipe at the
orifice.
In order that my invention may be more readily understood, I have attached
hereunto a sheet of drawings to which I will now refer.
Figure 1, represents a side view of the improved apparatus partly in section,
and Figure 2, a top view or plan of the same;
Figure 3, represents an end view looking at the nozzle or mouth;
Figures 4 and 5, are two views of a modified form of apparatus.
In the several view, like parts are indicated by like letters of reference.
According to this invention I make a sheath or tubular handle a, preferably of
metal and in the form indicated by Figures 1 and 2. The front end or mouth a',
of the sheath is formed with Jugs or ears a² or their equivalents, and with an
opening a transverse to the axis of the sheath, and passing through one side only
thereof. The bore of the sheath a is contracted somewhat in the head forming a
shoulder at a'. The sheath is designed to fit over the end of a flexible hose-pipe or
other flexible pipe h of suitable dimensions, the end of the pipe to butt against the
shoulder at of the sheath. Into the opening a³ is fitted a plunger or stopper b,
having a somewhat rounded face, and preferably formed with a slotted extension b¹
at its outer end. To the lugs a is hinged a lever c which passes through the slot
in b', or may be otherwise jointed or linked to the plunger. The position of the
plunger in the sheath is such that it rests upon the end of the flexible hose-pipe
when inserted into the sheath; the elasticity of the hose-pipe which readily regains
its normal cylindrical form when relieved from pressure or is opened out by the
pressure of the jet, forces the plunger and lever upwards and maintains a full bore.
When pressure, say of the hand, is applied to the lever, the end of the hose-pipe is
squeezed by the plunger and the bore thereof contracted. In order to relieve the
hand of the strain caused by holding the lever down, I fit to the apparatus a locking
device preferably in the form of a ring d, which may slide along the sheath and in
consequence of the gradually increasing width and different curvature of the lever
approaches the same more or less to the sheath and permits the bore of the hose-pipe
to be contracted more or less as may be desired. A bead a is formed at the back
end of the sheath to prevent the adjusting ring d from becoming detached.
The sheath is in the drawings, shewn with a tapped socket f formed thereon by
which it may be fixed to a spiked rod or stand when desired.
In Figures 4 and 5, is represented a modified form of my improved spreader.
In this modification the lever c is dispensed with and the plunger b is formed with
a screw 63 and handle or thumbpiece 6. By this arrangement the size of the jet
can also be readily adjusted and maintained.
By contracting the bore of the hose-pipe at the extreme end thereof, much less
pressure required and a better effect also is obtained than if the hose-pipe were
squeezed an inch or more away from the end. The shoulder a Figures 1 and 5 is
provided to prevent the end of the hose-pipe from protruding from the sheath or
moving beyond its most effective position."
The apparatus may be made in various sizes to suit the respective sizes of pipes.
When the end of a pipe is damaged through constant usage, the part may be cut
off and the tube pushed further into the sheath, the waste at each time of cutting
being very small.
I do not confine myself to any particular construction by which the end of the
hose-pipe contained in the sheath is contracted for the purpose specified herein;
I may modify the form of the lever or screw or use other equivalent means in place
thereof to obtain the end desired.
I am aware that the method of squeezing a flexible pipe for the purpose of

page_text: checking or stopping the flow of liquid therein has been used previous to my
invention, but the pipe has hitherto been choked at some distance from its end, and
has not been used for the purpose of producing a spray.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
Firstly. The improvements in spreaders or spray-producers substantially as
and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth and described and as illustrated by the
drawings.
Secondly. The improved apparatus for enclosing and contracting or choking the
end of a flexible pipe or hose-pipe substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
set forth and described and as illustrated in the several views of the drawings.
Thirdly. A spreader or spray-producer in which the bore of a flexible pipe or
hose-pipe is contracted or choked at its discharging end or extremity by a lever or
screw mounted upon a sheath or its equivalent carrying the end of the pipe
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Dated the 30th day of November 1894.
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.