IMPROVEMENTS IN OR ADDITIONS TO SPRINGS FOR MATTRESSES, SOPAS, CHAIRS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Teychenné, of Rue Prégon House, Small
Heath, near Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Upholsterer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR ADDITIONS TO SPRINGS FOR
MATTRESSES, SOPAS, CHAIRS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE."
Sealed the 8th February 1870, and dated the 27th August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Teychenné at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th August 1869.
I, JEAN TEYCHENNÉ, of Rue Prégon House, Small Heath, near
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Upholsterer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR ADDITIONS TO
SPRINGS FOR MATTRESSES, SOFAS, CHAIRS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF FURNITURE,'
to be as follows:-
"3
My Invention consists of the improvements in or additions to springs
for mattresses, sofas, chairs, and other articles of furniture herein-after
explained, the object of the said improvements or additions being to

page_text: 57
effect the attachment of the webs (or other fastenings) to the said
springs in a simple, easy, and efficient manner, and to supersede the
sewing or tieing by string of the said webs to the springs, as is commonly
practised.
My Invention consists principally in attaching the said webs to the
said furniture springs by means of an elastic compound connecting loop
made in the following way :-I take a piece of steel or iron wire and by
bending make in it four loops, each loop being situated at right angles
to the next one; that is to say, we first bend one loop from the wire,
leaving an attachment piece at one end, and by further bending make
from the wire two loops in the same line but at right angles to the loop
first made, and then finally form from the wire a fourth loop at right
angles to the loops last made, but in the same line as the loop first
made, the last made loop having an attachment piece at its end. The
loops are thus made from one piece of wire, the elastic compound con-
necting loop being fastened to the top of the furniture spring by the
attachment pieces described at the ends of the first and last made loops.
By bending the wire in the manner described the outer ends of the loops
are closed while the inner ends where they nearly touch each other are open.
The elastic compound loop is capable of slightly yielding vertically.
When the compound loop is fastened to the top of the furniture spring
the two loops having the attachment wires and the said wires cross the
spring in the direction of a diameter, while the other loops also cross the
spring in the direction of a diameter at right angles to the former, but
are unconnected with the spring. The distance between two adjacent
loops is equal to the breadth of the web to be connected to the furniture
spring. In order to connect the webs to the top of the furniture spring
the ends of the two webs are passed through the loops (one web being
situated at right angles to the other), and their ends are secured to the
article of furniture in the usual manner. The two webs are thereby
connected to the spring, the said webs being supported by the four loops
of the elastic connecting piece, the closed ends of the loops preventing
lateral motion in the webs and confining them securely in their places.
For the purpose of stuffing on both sides of a mattress or other article of
furniture the elastic connecting loops are used on both ends of the
springs if required. Instead of employing the compound elastic con-
necting loops described separate connecting loops or rings may be used
with the same or nearly the same effect. When I use separate loops I

page_text: provide them with attachment hooks, which by closing can be affixed to
the wire of the furniture spring. When I use separate rings instead of
loops I either employ complete rings or split rings. In the former
case the rings are strung upon the top of the spring before its end is
secured to the other part, and in the latter case the rings are opened and
sprung upon the top of the furniture spring.
My improved compound or single connecting loops or rings may be
used for connecting metallic strips, or laths, or chains to furniture
springs as well as webs or webbing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jean Teychenné in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th February 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
TEYCHENNÉ, of Rue Prégon House, Small Heath, near Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Upholsterer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Jean Teychenné, Her special licence
that I, the said Jean Teychenné, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Jean Teychenné, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the termi
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OB ADDITIONS TO SPRINGS FOR MATTRESSES, SOFAS, CHAIRS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
OF FURNITURE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Jean Teychenné, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and,
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Teychenné, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of the improvements in or additions to springs
for mattresses, sofas, chairs, and other articles of furniture herein-after
explained, the object of the said improvements or additions being to
effect the attachment of the webs (or other fastenings) to the said
springs in a simple, easy, and efficient manner, and to supersede the
sewing or tying by string of the said webs to the springs as is commonly
practised.
My Invention consists principally in attaching the said webs to the
said furniture springs by means of an elastic compound connecting loop
made in the following way :-I take a piece of steel or iron wire, and
by bending make in it four loops, each loop being situated at right
angles to the next one; that is to say, I first bend one loop from the
wire, leaving an attachment piece at one end, and by further bending
make from the wire two loops in the same line but at right angles to
the loop first made, and then finally form from the wire a fourth loop
at right angles to the loops last made but in the same line as the loop
first made, the last made loop having an attachment piece at its end.
The loops are thus made from one piece of wire, the elastic compound
connecting loop being fastened to the top of the furniture spring by the
attachment pieces described at the ends of the first and last made loops.
By bending the wire in the manner described the outer ends of the loops
are closed while the inner ends where they nearly touch each other are
open. The elastic compound loop is capable of slightly yielding
vertically. When the compound loop is fastened to the top of the
furniture spring the two loops having the attachment wires and the said
wires cross the spring in the direction of a diameter, while the other
loops also cross the spring in the direction of a diameter at right angles
to the former but are unconnected with the spring. The distance
between two adjacent loops is equal to the breadth of the web to be
connected to the furniture spring. In order to connect the webs to the
top of the furniture spring the ends of the two webs are passed through
the loops (one web being situated at right angles to the other), and their
ends are secured to the article of furniture in the usual manner. The
two webs are thereby connected to the spring, the said webs being

page_text: supported by the four loops of the elastic connecting piece, the closed
ends of the loops preventing lateral motion in the webs and confining
them securely in their places. For the purpose of stuffing on both sides
of a mattress or other article of furniture the elastic connecting loops
are used on both ends of the springs if required.
My improved compound connecting loops may be used for connecting
metallic strips or laths to furniture springs as well as webs or webbing.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in elevation, and Figure 2 in plan an ordinary
furniture spring to which a compound elastic connecting loop made
according to my Invention is applied; Figure 3 represents a side
elevation of the compound connecting loop separately.
a is the ordinary furniture spring, to the top of which the compound
connecting loop b, c, d, e, is affixed, the said loop being used to connect
the laths, webs, or other parts of the foundation, scat, or sacking of the
article of furniture to the said spring. The said compound loop consists
of four single loops b, c, d, e, (cach loop being situated at right angles
to the next one) and the attachment pieces f, g, the said attachment
pieces and the several loops being made from one piece of wire. In
making the said compound loop I take a piece of wire of the proper
length, and first bend the loop b, leaving the attachment piece fat one
end; I then bend from the wire the two loops c, d, in the same line but
at right angles to the loop 6 first made, and I finally bend from the wire
the loop e at right angles to the loops c, d, but in the same line as the
loop b, the said loop e having an attachment piece g at its end. A
compound loop is thus made from one piece of wire, the openings in the
several loops being situated in the same horizontal plane. The outer
ends of the several loops are closed, and the inner ends where they
nearly touch each other at the middle of the spring are open; the top
however of the loops c, d, is continuous (see Figure 1). The distance
between the outer edges of the two adjacent loops is somewhat greater
than the width of the laths or webs to be connected to the spring. The
compound loop is fastened to the top ring of the spring a by bending the
extreme ends of the attachment pieces f, g, around the said ring, as seen
in the Drawings. When the compound loop is fastened to the spring

page_text: the loops b, e, and attachment wires f, g, cross the spring in the direction
of a diameter, while the loops c, d, also cross the spring in the direction
of a diameter, but at right angles to the former, the said loops c, d, being
unconnected with the spring, as seen in the plan Figure 2.
The metallic laths or webbing to form the seat or foundation of the
article of furniture are connected to the loop of the spring in the manner
illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, Figure 4 representing two metallic laths
connected to a furniture spring by my improved connecting loop, and
Figure 5 representing two webs connected to a furniture spring by my
improved connecting loop. The metallic laths are marked h, h, in
Figure 4, and the webs are marked i, i, in Figure 5. In attaching the
webs i, i, or laths h, h, to the top of the spring the two webs or laths are
passed through the loops at right angles to one another in the manner
represented, each web or lath being supported by the four elastic loops,
the closed ends of the loops preventing lateral motion in the webs or
laths and preserving them in their places. When necessary the com-
pound loops are applied to both top and bottom of the spring. I do
not limit myself to any particular shape of the loops of the compound
connecting loop. In combination with my improved connecting loop
the furniture spring may be provided with a hook and eye or loop for
holding the spring in a compressed state for transit or packing.
Figure 6 represents a furniture spring to which one of my connecting
loops is applied provided with a hook and eye or loop for the purpose
described, and Figure 7 represents the spring compressed and held in its
compressed state by the engaging of the hook k with the loop or eye l.
The said hook and eye are each made from a piece of wire, the ends k³, 1,
of the said pieces of wire being fastened to the spring by being bent
around the top and bottom rings in the manner represented.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my In-
vention; but I claim as my Invention of improvements in or additions
to springs for mattresses, sofas, chairs, and other articles of furniture, the
combination with or addition to the said springs of an elastic compound
connecting loop for attaching to the said springs the webs or laths
forming the foundation scat or sacking of the article of furniture, the

page_text: said compound loop being constructed and applied substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Teychenné, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
JEAN TEYCHENNÉ. (L.S.)