Improvements in, or Additions to, Sink and Kindred Sanitary Pipes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in, or Additions to, Sink and Kindred Sanitary Pipes.
I, ENOCH EVANS, of the Firm of Evans and Evans, of Thomas Street, Walsall,
in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this in-
vention to be as follows:
This invention relates to sink and other like sanitary pipes, fitted within dwel-
lings, out-houses and the like, and has for its object, the prevention of the return
into the dwelling, of sewer or noxious gases, and this I accomplish by providing
the outlet or exit to the pipe, with a flap-valve, cover or lid, which is hung a little
out of the line of the face of the pipe, so as to automatically close, when inside
water pressure has been relieved.
Thus in carrying out my invention, I provide the outlet end of a sink pipe with a
frame, band or adjustable clip, forming a facing to a circular or other disc, or lid,
which normally falls against the outer facing of the clip, and makes a sound joint
and prevents sewer or noxious gases entering a building or structure.
I propose that the lid, cover or flap should be weighted, and if necessary faced
with rubber, felt or other material, and if desired the inner or opposed face may be
annularly flanged so as to fit into or over the clip or pipe end to which it is con-
nected.
I prefer that the said closing lid or flap should swing from a pin, passed through
upright end flanges of the clip.
Although I prefer to weight the said cover or lid, yet the same may be made to
return by a spring.
As well as preventing the ingress of noxious gases, it also forms a check against
the too-rapid rushing of water past the gulley at the outlet of a sink pipe.
Thus if the head of water is considerable then the rush will be such as to over-
reach the gulley and flow on to a pavement or the like.
OPERATION.
Assuming that water is thrown down a sink and a head of water passes down
the sink pipe, the pressure transmitted through the said column, opens the clack
valve or swinging plate, and allows it to escape. When pressure is relieved then
the lid, clack or valve automatically closes, and seals up the end of the pipe against
the ingress of sewer and noxious gases or the like.
The application of my invention to other sanitary pipes, differs in no essential
respect from its application to a sink pipe as described.

page_text: Improvements in, or Additions to, Sink and Kindred Sanitary Pipes.
I, ENOCH EVANS, of the Firm of Evans and Evans, of Thomas Street, Walsall,
in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to sink and other like sanitary pipes, fitted within dwel-
lings, out-houses and the like, and has for its object, to prevent the entrance into
a dwelling of sewer or other noxious gases, arising from drains, stuffs or the like,
and this I accomplish by providing the outlet or exit end of a sink or other pipe,
by which waste water flows from a sink on to a gulley trap, drain grating or the like,
with a flap-valve or loosely hinged cover or lid, which may be hung a little out
of the line of the face of the pipe, or otherwise arranged so as to be opened by
water running down the pipe, but to be automatically closed when inside water
pressure is relieved.
Thus, in carrying out my invention, I provide the outlet end of a sink or like
pipe with an attachable frame, band or adjustable clip, forming a seating for a
circular or other disc or lid, which is loosely pivoted and hung from a part of the
clip or band and normally falls against the outer edge or face of the clip, making
a sound joint.therewith, whereby sewer or other noxious gases arising from a drain
or suff are prevented from being drawn by an upward current of air through the
sink pipe into a building or dwelling house.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents a perspective view of a sink
waste water pipe having the outlet end of the same provided with a flap valve
or lid constructed and mounted according to my invention, for preventing the
passage of noxious gases from the drain below it, up the pipe into the interior
of a dwelling.
Figure 2 is a like view as Figure 1, but showing the flap raised by the flow of
water through the pipe.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation of the said flap or lid, upon an enlarged
scale, and applied to the end of a drain pipe. In this view the lid is closed.
Figure 4 is a like view as Figure 3, but with the said end raised, as it would be
by a rush of water down the pipe.
Figure 5 is a front elevation of Figure 3 and Figure 6 is a vertical section of
Figure 5 upon the dotted line a, whilst Figure 7 is a section upon the dotted line a¹,
Figure 6.
Figure 8 represents an edge view of the flap or lid, separately, and
Figure 9 represents in side elevation, partly in section, the halves of the band
or clip to one of which the lid is hinged and whereby it is secured to the pipe end.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawing.
;
a is a pipe leading from a sink, bath or other domestic structure in the interior
of a house, and having its outlet-end coming above a suff or drain b. The open
or outlet end a¹ of the said pipe a, is normally closed by the flap valve or lid c,
loosely hinged by means of a pin d², passing through an eyed lug c¹, to a knuckle e¹,
carried at the top of the section d', of a two part clip or sectional band d, adapted
to embrace and be drawn tightly around the said end of the pipe by means of
bolts d³, passed coincident eyes d, of opposed ears do, at the ends of the said clip
sections which are drawn together by the screwing up of nuts do, on the ends of
the said pins.

page_text: The edges of the cover c are flanged at c², to take and socket over or fit on to the
outward edges of the clip.
The lid cover or flap may, if necessary, be weighted at its lower end and be faced
with rubber, felt or other material, to make a tighter joint between the opposed
parts.
Although I prefer that the lid should be made to fall upon its seating or return
by its own weight, yet the same may be made to return by a spring, and in addi-
tion to preventing the ingress of noxious gases, the said pipe end cover also forms
a check against the too-rapid rushing of water through the outlet of a sink pipe,
or for preventing the rush of water over-reaching the gulley, and flowing on to a
pavement or the like.
And instead of the lid being secured to the pipe by a contracting clip, capable
of being adjusted to varying sized pipes, it may be secured to a knuckle or equiva-
lent integrally formed or cast with the said pipe end.
OPERATION.
Assuming that water is thrown down a sink, and a head of water passes down
the sink pipe, the pressure transmitted through the flow or rush of the said water
comes against the back of the said flap valve or swinging plate which is thereby
opened to allow the water to escape. When this inside pressure is relieved then
the lid or flap, by its own weight, automatically closes, and seals up the end of the
pipe against the ingress of sewer and noxious gases or like.
The application of my invention to other sanitary pipes, differs in no essential
respect from its application to a sink pipe as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First. Providing the outlet end of a sink or other pipe, preferably such as come
above or approximate to a drain, with a flap-valve or loosely hinged cover or lid,
substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth.
Secondly. Providing as an attachment to the outlet end of a sink or other pipe
coming above or approximate to a drain, a flap-valve or loosely hinged cover or
lid, secured to the said pipe end by an adjustable attachment band, or sectional
clip, tightened up by nuts and bolts, or equivalent means, substantially as described
and set forth.