Improvements in or relating to Machines for Breaking Coals and similar Materials.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 20th Nov., 1897
CUMLELE
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Breaking Coals and
similar Materials.
I, PIERRE ALRIQ, Coal Merchant, of 1 Rue Mercadet, Paris, in the Republic
of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
This invention relates to a new machine for breaking coals and similar materials.
In order to facilitate the description of the invention a machine according to
the present invention is illustrated by way of example, in the accompanying
drawing:
-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal view of the machine, showing the left-hand side of
Figure 2 which is an end view.
The main objects aimed at in designing this machine were the rapidity of work
and reduction to the minimum of the work to be done by hand.
In this machine the coal or other material is broken by points or prongs the
use of which is mentioned in my prior Patent Specification No. 837 of 12th
January 1897 so that there is no necessity to draw attention in this description to
the advantages of using such points.
The machine may be driven by means of any suitable gearing by any suitable
motor, whether steam, gas, electric or otherwise.
The driving shaft is arranged at A at the top of the machine and carries a fly-
wheel B regulating the motion of the machine. The shaft A is provided at CC
with fast and loose transmission pulleys.
are
On this shaft A is keyed a gear wheel D engaging with another gear
wheel D¹ mounted on an auxiliary shaft E parallel to the shaft A.
These two shafts A and E are supported in fixed bearings on brackets G. G¹
which also support all other parts of the machine and secured at
their lower part to a table or frame H preferably of cast iron. The table or frame H
rests by means of four legs h on the ground. To prevent the brackets or stand-
ards from being damaged or affected by the vibrations of the machine, they are
connected together by a cross-bar I. Thus the whole machine is rendered
absolutely rigid.
The auxiliary shaft E is caused to rotate about its axis by the toothed
wheels D D¹. Said shaft E carries in the middle an eccentric sheave i the strap
of which is connected to a rod j jointed to the upper end of the point-holder
carrying at the bottom one or several points for breaking up the material
treated. The point or points are mounted in the holder in any suitable manner
preferably so as to enable them to be easily removed at any moment for the pur-
pose of sharpening etc.
The point-holder must be guided in its vertical reciprocating movement
produced by the rotation of the eccentric sheave 2. For this purpose it works in
a sleeve K secured to two frames K' K' rivetted or bolted to the standards G G¹,
The auxiliary shaft E carries at its ends cranks L and M.

page_text: 1. The crank L is connected to a vertical-rod 7 pivotted at its lower part to a tool-
holder which has the same function as the holder j¹. The holder 711 is also
guided in a sleeve k in a bracket secured to the standard G by bolts or rivets.
2. The crank M is connected to. a vertical rod m pivotted at the bottom to a
point-holder m having the same function as the two previous holders. It is
guided in a sleeve k¹ in a bracket 2 secured by rivets or bolts to the standard G.
It will be seen from the respective sizes of the two cranks L and M on the one
hand and the eccentric sheave i on the other hand; that the extent of reciprocation
of the holders and m" are not the same. They may be chosen to vary as
desired, but in practical application the points are arranged so as to enable
them to break up large pieces of material, the points j being capable of breaking
average sized pieces and the points m¹ the smaller pieces of coal or other material.
The material to be broken is arranged by an attendant or is delivered by a
distributing hopper on to the table H on which moves intermittently or by jerks,
as hereinafter described, an endless net h¹ made of metallic wire or other suitable
material. This endless net passes over the rollers N N¹ supported at each end of
the table H. Owing to the sudden, jerking movements of this net, the lumps
are brought at first under the points then under 'jl and finally under m¹. From
there owing to the advance movement of the net, the lumps are delivered into a
sieve n.
The jerking advance movement of the net is obtained as follows:-
On the shaft E is mounted a cam 0 pressing at each revolution of said shaft
against the end o of a rod, hinged at o¹, and to the end of which is attached a
chain o connected at the bottom to a lever P hinged at p. This lower rod carries
a pawl which, each time that the rod P is raised by the chain o", causes a
ratchet wheel secured to the roller N¹ to turn to the extent of one or more
teeth (Figure 1).
The sieve n must have a reciprocating movement in order to act efficiently. This
movement is obtained as follows. On the main driving shaft A is mounted an
eccentric sheave Q the strap of which is secured to a rod 7 hinged at its lower end
to a small connecting rod q' secured to the horizontal shaft q. Owing to the
vertical motion of the rod q, the shaft q will be rocked by the connecting rod q'.
This shaft q carries at its end a small connecting rod q attached to the back-
face of the sieve, preferably at its centre. The rocking motion of the shaft q¹¹
is thus transmitted to the sieve as a reciprocating motion in a direction at right
angles to the plane of Fig. 1.
As the sieve reciprocates, it must be suspended so as not to impede this move-
ment. For this purpose it is supported by means of two rods R jointed at r to the
sieve and a chain secured at any convenient point above. This chain r¹ enables,
as will be readily understood, the inclination of the sieve to be varied as desired
and consequently the discharge of the broken products to be accelerated or
retarded. The screen n may be provided with a number of different sieves with
meshes of different size for the purpose of classifying the material.
Of course the machine according to the present invention may be applied for
breaking up any sort of coals coke or any similar material.
Instead of the cranks L and M any other equivalent device such for instance as
cams etc. may be employed to actuate the vertical rods and m.
The machine may be combined with a device for removing stones etc. that may
be mixed with the coal or other material before breaking up the latter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is: -
1. A. machine for breaking coals or similar material comprising several points
or sets of points each point or set being mounted in a single holder vertically
reciprocated either by eccentrics cranks or cams secured to an upper shaft driven
from the motor shaft by means of any transmission gear substantially as described.

page_text: 2. In a machine of the character described a table or frame supporting all the
operative parts of the machine and provided with an endless netting moved by
jerks by means of a ratchet wheel actuated by a pawl operated by a cam secured
on the auxiliary shaft of the machine and pressing on a rod, connected to a lever
carrying the pawl, by a chain substantially as described.
3. The combination of a machine of the character described with a sieve or
screen into which are discharged the broken pieces of material or coal said screen
being reciprocated by means of a horizontal shaft which is actuated by a rod
connected to the rod of an eccentric on the driving shaft of the machine; said
screen being supported by hinged rods and an adjustable chain and provided
or not with a series of sieves with meshes of different sizes substantially as
described.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete machine
for breaking coal and similar materials substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
רד
. 201
DJ
1007
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.