Improvements in Vapour Lamps and Stoves.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 24th May, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vapour Lamps and Stoves.
I, SIEGFRIED MARCUS, of Mondscheingasse No. 4, Vienna VII, Austria,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a lamp in which liquid hydrocarbons are vaporised for
the production of flames having a high heating power, in particular applicable to
incandescence burners, in order to render this advantageous mode of illumination
applicable for domestic purposes in place of the ordinary petroleum lamps.
The essential feature of the invention consists in the employment of a special
construction of burner which fulfils the twofold purpose of vaporising the light oil
employed and for supplying such vapour with such an abundant quantity of heated
air as will insure a perfect combustion, resulting in a very hot flame free from
smoke.
A construction of a burner fulfilling these conditions is shewn on the accom-
panying drawings. As shewn at Fig. 1, the burner consists of three concentrically
arranged tubes a b and c, of which the outer tube a Fig. 4 has at its upper end a
ring of spring fingers d for holding the glass cylinder d¹ both internally and
externally for the purpose of continuously conducting the heat imparted to the
cylinder to the vaporising chamber e, with which the lower end of the tube a is in
intimate contact.
The tube b, Figs. 1 and 6, which fits closely into the tube a, so as to form
therewith a double tube, and which is consequently also highly heated, is also in
beat-conducting connection at its lower end with the vaporising chamber e, and
terminates at top in the burner mouth f which is preferably made of a slit metal
cap, but which may also consist of wire gauze.
The main object of this tube bis to heat the air supply required for combustion
with the hydrocarbon vapour,jand entering through the openings g g and i, and thus
to raise the temperature of the flame.
The inner tube c Figs. 1 and 5 is arranged over the vapour nozzle of the
vaporising chamber e, as in a Bunsen's burner, and it fits with its upper widened
open end tightly into the tube b.
The action of the burner remains the same, if the burner mouth be arranged on
this inner tube c in place of on the tube b, as also if the tubes a and b are formed
into a single tube. This tube c has openings not only near the bottom, at i, but
also approaching the top, at k, through which the air heated in the space
between b and c, mixes with the current of vapour.
By means of the open basket-like enlargement of the heating tube a below the
gallery d the supply of air to the incandescence body and flame is insured.
For applying this burner for incandescence purposes, there is provided above
the burner mouth f, an incandescence body 9 supported in the usual manner, and
the vaporising chamber e is heated in the first instance by igniting a vessel / placed
below it containing porous material saturated with spirit (Figs. 1 and 7). After
about a minute it will be sufficiently hot for effecting the vaporisation of the light
petroleum which is drawn up by a wick m from a reservoir n and penetrates into
the chamber e through a channel p regulated by a valve o, the chamber being
preferably filled with small shot or a bundle of wire. The resulting vapour issues
from the nozzle h.

page_text: As the high flame temperature of this lamp enables it also to be employed for
cooking and heating, the slits of the burner mouth fare extended downward so far
that on removal of the cylinder d' the flame will impinge upon the gallery d, and
the heat of the latter being conducted downward by the tubes a, b, the continuous
vaporisation in the chamber e will be insured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a lamp operating by vaporisation of hydrocarbons, either for incandescence
lighting or for heating, the construction of a burner, consisting of three or two
concentric tubes a, b, c, or a, b, and c, of which the tubes a, b, conduct the heat
taken up from the cylinder d' and gallery d or from the flame direct, down to the
vaporising chamber e, and also serve to heat the air supply entering through the
openings 9 g and into the inner tube c, which tube is widened near the upper and
lower ends where it is provided with holes i and k, and it is fitted over the vapour
nozzle h of the vaporising chamber e, preferably filled with shot or wire, substantially
as described.
2. The combination of the burner referred to in the first claim with an
incandescence body and a reservoir n for liquid hydrocarbons in such manner that
a wick m leading to the vaporising chamber e raises the combustible fluid up to the
latter, substantially as described.
Dated this 15th day of March 1895.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.