Machine for Punching, Shearing, and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Machine for Punching, Shearing, and the like.
1, JAMES HERVEY STERNBERGH, Iron Manufacturer, citizen of the United
States and resident at No. 530 North Fourth Street in the City of Reading,
County of Berks, State of Pennsylvania, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINE FOR PUNCHING, SHEARING, AND
THE LIKE, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to machines adapted more especially for working malleable
metals such as wrought iron. The object is to provide a compact machine which
may be adapted to perform a variety of work-such as punching, shearing, or die-
forging more expeditiously and automatically than has heretofore been done ;
in other words one which will turn out a maximum of work while requiring a
minimum of attendance.
The principle of the invention consists in operating in succession one or more
circular series of punches, knives or other tools as the case may be, by means of a
central shaft connected therewith by suitable operating mechanism, each member.
of a series being arranged to act in turn upon one of a number of metal bars
which are automatically fed onward after each action upon them; thus multiplying
the amount of work ordinarily done at each rotation of the operating shaft to
an extent depending on the number of dies or cutters in a series, and at the same
time making the machine as nearly automatic as possible in its action, new bars
to be operated upon being merely placed in position as required. The drawings
in connection with the following description, will more clearly reveal the invention,
and its novel features are specifically pointed out in the claims.
'
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a machine embodying the invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the cap piece or cover removed.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan through y y Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a modified tool carrier or slide.
Fig. 5 is a partial plan view of the cap-piece showing one of the bar guides
attached thereto.
The machine as represented consists of a bed plate G to which are secured
vertical columns Farranged to support a circular table or frame A which carries
the dies or cutters, and a central vertical operating shaft E haying a bearing at its
lower end in the bed plate G and near its upper end in the table or frame A.
This shaft is rotated in any convenient manner, as through a gear wheel E', and
at its upper end, above the bearings e², is provided with a cam or eccentric C,
which is rotated in a cylindrical recess in the centre of the table. From
this recess slots or slide-ways a' extend radially towards the periphery of the
table.
.
These radial slots a' are adapted to receive and guide tool carriers or slides to
which punches, knives, or dies are secured. In the drawing the table is represented
as having six of these slide ways four of which are adapted for shearing, two of
them being fully arranged for shearing round bars. In the remaining two a
mechanism for carrying out more complicated operations on the same principle is
shown and will be described later. It is evident that each slide-way of the machine
however may be adapted to perform the same work if desired.
Referring to the shearing mechanism, the tool carriers or slides B, which are
guided in the slide-ways a¹ are held in engagement with the cam C. by means of
pins which loosely enter a circular groove e in the upper surface of the cam,
while the periphery of the latter bears upon the rounded inner ends of the slides
below their projecting portions which carry the pins. The slides are thus

page_text: alternately pushed outward and pulled inward by each rotation of the cam.
Fixed knives a² are removably secured to the frame A. with their shearing
edges tilting slightly downward, by means of screws a³. The moving knives b
are secured to the slides B by means of recessed plates 2 and screws 6. The
cap piece or cover D, which is bolted against the upper surface of the table
by means of bolts which screw into the tapped holes a', serves to hold the
slides B in their guide ways without preventing their free radial movement and
also furnishes a bearing for the extension e' of the shaft E.
In working the machine the bars of metal to be punched, sheared, or otherwise
operated on are placed vertically above the fixed tools, forming a circular series of
parallel bars I, I equal in number to the slides which are used. Adjustable
stops as secured to the columns F-may be used to limit the vertical move-
ment of the bars I, the lower ends of which are loosely held by guides V removably
secured to the table A while the upper portion may be steadied by any suitable
means, not shown. The continued rotation of the cam C presses the slide B
outward and the bar is sheared as the cutters pass each other the sheared
portion passing through the opening a in the table into a suitable receptacle,
while the main portion of the bar rests upon the knife until the inward
movement of the slide permits it to drop automatically to the stop ready to
be operated upon at the next revolution of the cam. Each bar in the series is thus
operated upon at each revolution of the shaft and the attendant need only place
new bars in position as required.
To provide for conveniently and economically lubricating the machine I convert
the central cylindrical recess a in the table A into an oil well which is supplied
through an opening in the cover D; the oil flows out into the slide ways a but is
prevented escaping therefrom by suitable packing which is set in grooves 17
extending around the slides as shown most clearly in Fig. 4, and a similar packing e
stops its escape around the shaft bearing e
It is evident that the functions of different machines may be combined in one by
using slides with different kinds and sizes of tools, or that the output of the
machine when adapted exclusively for one kind of work will be much greater than
with the ordinary form of machines in which each revolution of the shaft
performs but one operation, while at the same time the attendance required is very
limited.
The
As already stated however my machine may be adapted to perform more complex
operations than that described and I have therefore illustrated a mechanism for
forming nuts or washers which shows the applicability of my invention to operations
requiring two or more simultaneous or consecutive co-operating movements.
hollow punch M is secured to the slide B', a portion only of which is shown in Fig. 1,
and its outward movement cuts off a portion of metal from a bar placed between
the punch M and a die L fixed in the frame or table A, which die may be provided
with a shoulder to stop the bar. The portion of metal cut off is pressed against
the die L and against a crowner N in forming a nut. While thus held a piercer P
is pressed inward through the hollow crowner and punches a hole in the nut blank,
the core going into the hollow main punch M from which it may be expelled in any
ordinary manner. The movement of the piercer P is effected by means of a
lever S fulcrumed in the jaw formed by arins a projecting from the table, the
lever being operated by a grooved cam K on the shaft E or in any suitable manner.
The piercer having done its work the punch M and crowner N are simultaneously
moved inward the latter being operated through the lever R by a cam H on the
shaft and the nut is forced out of the die and dropped into a receptacle.
The projections and of the cams K and H inay be so shaped and set with
relation to each other and the cam G as to effect the several movements of the
parts in proper co-operative order; and by modifying the mechanism as each
particular case will readily suggest to an expert the machine may evidently be
adapted to perform a variety of work other than that specifically described. By
combining a perforating punch P' and a blanking puncli 'M' in the same slide B³,

page_text: as shown in Fig. 4, two operations may be effected simultaneously by one move-
ment. Any convenient number of slides carrying similar or different tools may be
employed in one machine thus combining the functions or capacity of a number of
ordinary machines in a single one, and making it possible for a single attendant to
turn out a much greater product.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) The combination with a table or frame, a circular series of fixed dies, and a
corresponding series of radially movable dies adapted to operate in connection with
these fixed dies, of a revoluble shaft carrying cam mechanism with which the
movable dies are operatively connected whereby they are successively actuated with
a positive inward and outward movement, substantially as set forth.
(2) The combination with a table or frame, a circular series of fixed dies, and a
corresponding series of radially movable dies adapted to operate in connection with
these fixed dies, of a revoluble shaft carrying cam mechanism with which the
movable dies are operatively connected, guides for holding the blanks in position to be
operated upon, and stops for supporting the lower ends of the blanks, substantially
as set forth.
(3) A machine for punching, shearing, and the like the table or frame of which
is provided with a cavity or recess adapted to serve as an oil receptacle, radial
slide ways leading from this cavity, slides located in these ways, a rotary shaft
and a
cam thereon operatively connected with the slides, substantially as set
forth.
(4) The combination with a table or frame, a circular series of fixed dies therein,
a series of radially movable dics located inside of the fixed dies, and one or more
movable dies located outside of said fixed dies and adapted to operate in connection
therewith, of a revoluble shaft carrying cam mechanism with which the movable dics
are operatively connected, substantially as set forth.
(5) The combination with a fixed die L, a crowner die N movable therein, and
a piercer guided within said crowner die, of a separate movable die M and
mechanism for operating said movable dies to produce co-operating movements
thereof in connection with the fixed die, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 20th day of April 1891.
JAMES HERVEY STERNBERGH.