IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF PIPES AND TUBES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Theodore Verstraeten, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING
TOGETHER THE ENDS OF PIPES AND TUBES."
Scaled the 22nd September 1877, and dated the 27th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Theodore Verstraeten at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1877.
THEODORE VERSTRAETEN, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF PIPES AND TUBES."
This Invention relates to that class of pipes or tubes which are joined together
by the end of one pipe or tube taking into a socket formed to receive it on the end
of another pipe or tube, and it consists of the improvements herein-after described
by which increased simplicity and economy are obtained in the joints.
According to my Invention the inside of the socket on the pipe end into which
the other pipe end is inserted may be either cylindrical or slightly tapering from
the back to the front (the outer end of the said socket being in this case of less
diameter than the inner or bottom end), and round the inside of the said socket
may be made an annular groove or recess. The bottom of the said socket may be
plain or of other suitable shape. The end of the pipe is cylindrical, and may have
an annular projection or flange around its end. At the bottom of the socket is or
are placed a ring or rings of tow or other suitable fibrous or other material, twisted,
or plaited, or otherwise formed. The said ring or rings is or are, by preference,
supported in position at the bottom of the socket by a small annular projection
round the inner part of the bottom of the socket, forming a shoulder for the said ring
or rings to rest against. The end of a pipe having been inserted into the said
socket abuts and presses against the said ring or rings, which is or are compressed
thereby. The remaining annular space between the socket of the one pipe and the
11

page_text: end of the other pipe is filled in with lead, cement, plaster, or other suitable material
to keep the joint tight. When lead is used it may be introduced between the pipe
ends either in a molten state or cold.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Theodore Verstraeten in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
September 1877.
THEODORE VERSTRAETEN, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING TOGETHER THE ENDS OF PIPES AND TUBES."
This Invention relates to pipes or tubes which are joined or secured together by
inserting the end of one pipe or tube into a socket formed to receive it on the end
of another pipe or tube; and the said Invention consists in the improvements,
herein-after described, by which increased simplicity and economy are obtained in
such joints.
According to the said Invention the inside of the socket on one pipe, into which
the end of the other pipe is inserted, may be either cylindrical or slightly taper.
At the bottom of the socket I place a ring or rings of oakum, tow, or other suitable
fibrous or other material, twisted, or plaited, or otherwise formed. The annular
space between the socket of the one pipe and the end of the other pipe is filled with
lead, cement, plaster, or other suitable material to keep the joint tight. When lead
is used it may be introduced between the pipe onds either in a molten state or
cold.
In the accompanying Drawing Figures 1 and 2 illustrate two forms in which the
said Inventiom may be embodied.
E is the socket; M is the male part of the pipe or tube; B is a ring of oakum, felt,
india-rubber, felt and india-rubber compound, or other suitable material; P is the
lead or other substance, which is introduced into the socket in either a hot or
cold state. In both cases the ring B is forced to the bottom of the said socket
by the male part of the pipe.
The bottom or inner end of the socket and the extremity of the said male part
may, according to the particular circumstances of each case, be modified to ensure
the most offectual compression of the ring B.
The annular space between the aforesaid male part and the socket may be
cylindrical, as in Figure 1, with or without grooves or channels, or the socket may
be conical, as in Figure 2, or the said male end and socket may be formed with
double conical surfaces, as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 2.
The proportions of the parts of the joint may be modified as desired.
The said Invention comprises the following novel features, namely:
1st. The introduction of the ring at the bottom of the socket which prevents the
contact of the cast metal of the male part of the pipe with the bottom of the socket,
and prevents the flow of the india-rubber introduced into the space P from the said
space into the tube or pipe, and which permits the use of a socket of a depth loss
than those of ordinary socket joints.
2nd. The furnishing of the socket and the male part of the pipe with truncated
cones, single or double, which augment the strength or resistance of the joint.
3rd. The inclined formation of the bottom of the socket, as shown in Figure 2,
and which permits a very forcible progressive tightening of the ring in proportion to
the depth of entrance of the male part of the pipe.
4th. The introduction of the lead or other material in the form of wire or ribbon,
which can be pressed, squeezed, or pushed into the space P in proportion to the
quantity of the said material introduced into the said space.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, and the manner of performing.

page_text: the same, I wish it understood that I claim, the improvements in socket joints for
joining or securing together the ends of pipes or tubes, as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Theodore Verstraeten, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.