IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TUNZHEADEN"
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Hely, of the City and County of Dublin, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
TUNZHEADEN"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Hely at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th October 1880.
EDWARD HELY, of the City and County of Dublin.
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention is best provisionally described by giving and describing a set of
Drawings of a machine in accordance with my Invention, which I now do, not as
an unalterable form, or even as the best form thereof, but as. one well calculated to
set forth the principles I mean hereafter to claim in my final Specification.
In these, Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the machine; Fig. 2, side elevation
taken at right angles to Fig. 1; Fig. 3, sectional elevation, showing gumming and
delivery apparatus; Fig. 4, section through x, x, of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, plan of machine
(looking down on it); Fig. 6, view of table.
A is the main shaft driven by fast and loose pulleys A', A', and carrying
cams A3, A3, A4, and mitre wheel A. It is carried on bearings Aº on frame B.
B, B', B2, B3, framework of machine.
C, main spindle actuated by cam A' through roller in frame C³ collared
onto C as shown. C rises and falls as actuated by cam A*.
D, yoke or spider carried on and free to rotate on spindle C and sliding loosely
on spindles E.
E, plunger spindles carrying weighted balls E' and resting on yoke D by means
of a collar, as shown in Fig. 1; E2 are plungers sliding in bearings E³.
F, rotating frame (supported on framework B³). Upon this rotating frame are
fixed the bearings Es. This frame has an intermittent motion and carries forward
the plungers E² one eighth of a circle (in this special machine) at each turn.
G is a shaft running in stationary bearings in framework B¹, B³. It is rotated
by gearing A, G².
H, single toothed wheel, shown in plan in Fig. 4, working in the roller teeth of
crown wheel or trundle H¹. This wheel is kept from rotating by roller H³ (Fig. 4)

page_text: sliding on bracket H³, and held to the face of wheel H₁ by a spring against the
bearing, not shown in the Drawing. By a slight modification of these parts the
performances of these two parts may be combined in one. As there are eight teeth
in the trundle H', the latter makes one eighth of a turn at intervals and causes the
eight plungers E² to change places.
I is the table, upon which the pile of envelope blanks that have to be folded are
laid. It is supported on framework B and B, and carries by means of pedestal
bolts the boxes in which the envelopes are folded.
J, gum finger, seen best in Fig. 6. This is attached to the plunger E3 as shown,
and passes through bearings on the side of the bearings Es on spider F; it is free
to slide in the bracket fixed to plunger E² for about one eighth of an inch so as to
be slightly in advance of bottom of plunger. It rises and falls synchronously with
the plunger E. This gum finger is formed so as when smeared with gum to just
gum the bottom of the flap sufficiently to stick the two side flaps to it. This
gumming is effected by coming down upon ledge J at the bottom of each
alternate stroke when its plunger E³ is pressing a blank into the box; J' is the
gum reservoir, through which Js, a rod carrying J, passes by means of a sleeve as
shown; this J³ is drawn back into the gum to be re-wetted at each stroke by
levers, shafts, and rods J, J³, Je, connected by bevil gearing J' from cam A².
K, K, are plungers of the same superficial area as, and exactly under, plungers Bª,
and are worked by cam A³ by means of pulley K¹, brackets K², and connecting
casting K. Each of plungers K are guided in guides in frame B' as shown, work
in box M¹, and have two little slots through which the stationary guides K+, K+, pass
when the plunger is lowered. These guides K4 are shown in side section in Fig. 3;
they guide the envelopes when folded into spout N hereafter described.
M, M, are the folding boxes supported on pedestal bolts I', I¹, on table I. Thero
are four of these boxes shown in this machine, and in these boxos the plungers E³, K,
slide to and fro as moved by the cams A' and A³ respectively; M', M2, are pivotted
flaps for turning over the flaps of the envelope in the side of the box, kept in
position shown by springs M³, except when the rollers M rise against their
projecting tappets to which the springs U³ are attached. Rollers M' are arranged
at different heights, so as to turn over one side flap first, then the other side flap,
then the bottom flap, and lastly the top flap; rollers M are actuated by rods M®,
projecting from bottom frame:M, which itself is reciprocated up and down by
cam A² as shown. These flaps fall back beyond the perpendicular, so that the flaps
of the envelope may enter into the spaces thus left, and prevent the blank being
drawn out by the plunger when rising.
N is the spout down which the envelopes fall into trough O.
O is the measuring trough. There is a spout N and trough O to each ¨folding
box.
.
P is a ratchet wheel (on shaft P¹) of twenty five teeth, twenty five envelopes
being put in each bundle. Its pawl is carried on a radial arm from the shaft P¹.
This. arm is worked by links from lever P, which is at cach stroke of the
plungers K propelled down by the projecting tappet P³ on casting K³, and is
brought back by any convenient spring or its equivalent, not shown in the
Drawing.
Keyed to the same shaft to which P2 is keyed, are two upright blades Q, Q,
passing up into trough O, and placed at such an angle that whenever the
the lever P is depressed, blades Q lie in slots in the trough N so that an envelope
can slide over them; but when P' rises the blades Q pass into the position shown
in dotted lines in the side view of trough O, in Fig. 2, and so push forward the
envelope into the previous pile.
R is a cam on shaft P'; R', lever with pin R2 working on R, and arm and
counterweight R³ to keep R² against cam R. Whenever R falls, which it does
when cam R reaches the position shown in Fig. 2, the levers R' at each end of
shaft R³ draw forward rods Ro, to which are keyed projections R', passing through
trough O, as shown in Fig. 2 (left hand trough), and thus move forward the pile of

page_text: twenty five envelopes, which the attendant takes up and binds in a bundle in the
usual manner.
The mode of action is as follows:-The apparatus being set in motion by a belt
on pulley A', cam A* causes the rod C to rise and lift up the plungers. Those over
boxes have their gummed fingers ready with gum; the shaft C now turns round
one eighth of a turn and the plungers that had previously been over the boxes are
now over the pile of blanks on the table (between guides), the intermediate
plungers taking their places over the boxes; the rod C now descends, and while
the plungers over the boxes are lowered into the boxes, those over the piles of
blanks fall till they rest on the piles of blanks. When the weight is taken off the
pile, the plungers again turn round one eight of a turn. The top blank sticking to
the gum finger moves forward with it till it comes over the box, which is then
filled with plunger K, when the plunger descends with it into the box. The sides
of the box bend up the four flaps in passing. The upper plunger then rises, and so
do the rollers M, successively bending over flaps M, M³, against plunger F;
plunger F then further descends and leaves the envelope on guides K, which let it
slide down N into the trough O, where they are piled into piles of twenty five, as
already explained sufficiently. In the mean tiine the rollers M' descend, the
inetallic flaps M¹ and M² fly back, the plunger K rises to the position shown in the
Drawing, ready for another stroke.
In giving this elaborate description of a machine, I do not mean to confine
myself to this one type; on the contrary, I am well aware that it is not even
necessary to have a rotating motion, as placing all the piles of blanks in a line with
the boxes, and having a series of plungers one more in number than the piles of
blanks and the boxes combined, and giving the plungers a to and fro motion the
distance of the centre of the plunger from the centre of a pile of blanks, will do
about as well, and I may frequently adopt this form.
Also I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details
herein shown and described, as they must be altered for different forms of
envelopes, and the whole arrangement of the machinery and parts can be altered
in numerous ways, it being merely a question of construction; but I merely give
this special specimen as a type to explain the principles of my multiple envelope
making and counting machine, reserving to myself the right of making formal
claims in my final Specification.
.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Hely in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th April
1881.
EDWARD HELY, of the City and County of Dublin.
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ENVELOPES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention is best described by aid of the accompanying Drawings. In these
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the machine; Fig. 2, side elevation taken at right
angles to Fig. 1; Fig, 3, sectional elevation showing gumming and delivery
apparatus; Fig. 4, section through x, x, of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, plan of machine (looking
down on it); Fig. 6, view of table.
A is the main shaft, driven by fast and loose pulleys A', A', and carrying cams
A2, A3, A, and mitre wheel A. It is carried on bearings A on frame B.
B, B1, B2, B3, framework of machine.
C, main spindle actuated by cam A* through roller C' in frame C³, collared onto C
as shown; C rises and falls as actuated by cam A¹.
D, yoke or spider carried on and free to rotate on spindle C, and sliding loosely
on spindles E.
E, plunger spindles carrying weighted balls E, and resting on yoke D by means
of a collar, as shown in Fig. 1; E2 are plungers sliding in bearings E³.
F, rotating frame supported on framework B³; upon this rotating frame are fixed
the bearings E. This frame has an intermittent inotion, and carries forward the
plungers E one eighth of a circle (in this special machine) at each turn.
G is a shaft running in stationary bearings in framework B', B2; it is rotated by
gearing A³, G².
H, single toothed wheel, shown in plan in Fig. 4, working in the roller teeth of
crown wheel or trundle H¹. This wheel is kept from rotating by roller H³ (Fig. 4)
sliding on bracket H³, and held to the face of wheel H' by a spring against the
bearing, not shown in the Drawing. By a slight modification of these parts the
performances of these two parts may be combined in one. As there are eight teeth
in the trundle H', the latter makes one eighth of a turn at intervals, and causes the
eight plungers E² to change places.
I is the table upon which the pile of envelope blanks that have to be folded are
laid. It is supported on framework B and B³, and carries by means of pedestal
bolts 1¹ the boxes in which the envelopes are folded.
J, gum finger, seen best in Fig. 6. This is attached to the plunger E² as shown,
and passes through bearings on the side of the bearings E³ on spider F; it is free
to slide in the bracket fixed to plunger E2 for about one eighth of an inch, so as to
be slightly in advance of bottom of plunger; it rises and falls synchronously with
the plunger E. This gun finger is formed so as when smeared with gum, to
just gum the bottoin flap sufficiently to stick the two side flaps to it. This gumming
is effected by coming down upon ledge J' at the bottom of each alternate stroke
when its plunger E is pressing a blank into the box. J' is the gum reservoir
through which J³ a rod carrying J passes by means of a sleeve as shown; this J³ is
drawn back into the gum to be re-wetted at each stroke by lever shafts and rods
J, J, Jo, connected by bevil gearing J7 from crank A³.
K, K, are plungers of the same superficial area as and exactly under plungers E²,
and are worked by cam A³ by means of pulley K', brackets K2, and connecting
castings K. Each of plungers K are guided in guides in frame B' as shown, work
in box M, and have two little slots through which the stationary guides K*, K',
pass when the plunger is lowered. These guides K are shown in side section in
Fig. 3, they guide the envelopes when folded into spout N, hereafter described.

page_text: M, M, are the folding boxes supported on pedestal bolts I³, I', on table I. There
are four of these boxes shown in this machine, and in these boxes the plungers
E², K, slide to and fro as moved by the cams A* and A³ respectively; M, M², are
pivotted flaps for turning over the flaps of the envelope in the side of the box, kept
in position shown by springs M³, except when the rollers M* rise against their
projecting tappets, to which the springs M³ are attached. Rollers M' are arranged
at different heights, so as to turn over one side flap first, then the other side flap,
then the bottom flap, and lastly, the top flap; rollers M* are actuated by rods Mo
projecting from bottom frame M7, which itself is reciprocated up and down by
cam A as shown. These flaps fall back beyond the perpendicular, so that the flaps
of the envelope may enter into the spaces thus left, and prevent the blank being
drawn out by the plunger when rising.
N is the spout down which the envelopes fall into trough O.
O is the measuring trough. There is a spout N and trough O to each folding
box.
P is a ratchet wheel (on shaft P¹) of twenty five teeth, twenty five envelopes
being put in each bundle. Its pawl is carried on a radial arm from the shaft P¹.
This arm is worked by links from lever P2, which is at each stroke of the
plungers K propelled down by the projecting tappet P³ on casting K³, and is
brought back by any convenient spring, or its equivalent, not shown in the
Drawing.
Keyed to the same shaft to which P2 is keyed are two upright blades Q, Q,
passing up into trough O, and placed at such an angle that whenever the lever P¹
is depressed, blades Qlie in slots in the spout N so that an envelope can slide
over them, but when P rises the blades Q pass into the position shown in dotted
lines in the side view of trough in Fig. 2, and so push forward the envelope into
the previous pile.
R is a cam on shaft P¹; R¹, lever with pin R2 working on R, and arm and
counterweight R³ to keep R² against cam R. Whenever R³ falls, which it does
when cam R reaches the position shown in Fig. 2, the levers R' at each end of
shaft R draw forward rods Rs, to which are keyed projections R7 passing through
trough O, as shown in Fig. 2 (left hand trough), and thus move forward the pile
of twenty five envelopes, which the attendant takes up and binds in a bundle in
the usual manner.
"
The mode of action is as follows:-The apparatus being set in motion by a belt
or pulley A¹, cam A causes the rod c to rise and lift up the plungers. Those
over boxes have their gum fingers ready with gum. The shaft C now turns
round one eighth of a turn, and the plungers that had previously been over the
boxes are now over the pile of blanks on the table (between guides), the inter-
mediate plungers taking their places over the boxes. The rod c now descends,
and while the plungers over the boxes are lowered into the boxes, those over the
piles of blanks fall till they rest on the piles of blanks. When the weight is taken
off the pile the plungers again turn round one eighth of a turn. The top blank
sticking to the gum finger moves forward with it till it comes over the box, which
is then filled with plunger K when the plunger descends with it into the box.
The sides of the box bend up the four flaps in passing. The upper plunger then
rises, and so do the rollers M*, successively bending over flaps M, M², against
plunger F; plunger F then further descends and leaves the envelope on guidos K+,
which let it slide down N into the trough O where they are piled into piles of
twenty five, as already explained sufficiently. In the mean time the rollers M'
descend, the metallic flaps M' and M² fly back, the plunger K rises to the position
shown in the Drawing ready for another stroke.
In giving this elaborate description of a machine I do not mean to confine
myself to a rotary type, on the contrary, I am well aware it is not absolutely
necessary to have a rotating motion, as by placing all the piles of blanks in a line
with the boxes, and by having a series of plungers one more in number than the
piles of blanks and the boxes combined, and by giving the plungers a to and fro

page_text: motion the distance of the centre of the plunger from the centre of a pile of blanks,
the machinery would work about as well as if rotary in action, but as I consider
the reciprocating plan much worse than the rotary it is needless to describe it
further or depict it.
When describing the parts under the heading H in my Provisional Specification,
and again in my final, I mention that they can probably be simplified, and at the
present time I am making experiments with cams to this end, but these experiments
are not sufficiently completed for me to form a judgment of the efficiency of the
new arrangement, whereas the apparatus mentioned in the Provisional Specification
and again in this, though rather more complicated, will work satisfactorily, so I
'have retained it in the Drawings.
Having now described my Invention and its application, I claim as new,—
First. In machinery for the manufacture of envelopes the combination of a gum
finger J, or its equivalent, formed in rigid connection, or working synchronously
with the plunger and participating with its motion, for the purposes described.
Second. The combination in one rotary or reciprocating machine of a series of
plungers, each alternately coming down upon a pile of blanks and into a folding
box, so that the plunger by means of its gum finger or other mechanism lifts up or
brings forward a blank from the pile to the folding box, and then folds it by
means of flaps M or other equivalent mechanism.
Third. The machinery for manufacturing envelopes, substantially as herein
described, no claim being made for any part taken separately, but only when
combined with other parts, herein shown and described, so as to form a inachine
capable of making envelopes from envelope blanks and gum, size, or glue.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Hely, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
HENRY W. GLASIER,
W. P. Thompson & Co.,
Patent Agents,
Liverpool & London.
EDWARD HELY. (L.S.)