IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Friedrich Carl Glaser, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, and Empire of Germany, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS." A communication from Friedrich
Hasdenteufel, of Iserlohn, Prussia, Germany.
Sealed the 2nd January 1880, and dated the 11th July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Friedrich Carl Glaser at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July 1879.
"
FRIEDRICH CARL GLASER, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, and Empire of
Germany, Engineer and Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS." A commu-
nication from Friedrich Hasdenteufel, of Iserlohn, Prussia, Germany.
This Invention relates to a universal-circle-lock system without springs and with
loosely inserted locking-parts.
The system consists, as regards all locks, in the movement of the loosely inserted
locking or lock-moving parts outwards from the central point of their circular
travel. For this purpose two methods may be employed, namely,―
1°. The direct single part circle closure for door locks.
II. The indirect double part closure both for door locks and all other kinds of
locks. In this latter method the direct circle closure is carried over on a graduated
bolt.
Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying Sheet of Drawing forming part of this
Provisional Specification represent a door lock with direct single part round bolt
closure, Figure 1 representing an inside view of lock fastened; Figure 2, an inside
view of same opened; Figure 3, a front view; Figure 4, an outside view; and
Figure 5, the lock-plate.
The locking parts consist of the bolt A, the night bolt B, and the catch C. These
parts, shaped as shown in the Drawing and of equal strength, lie loosely in equally
strong guides D and are held securely in position by the lock plates E. The
guides D together with the lock frame form a pierced through or open casting or
forging. They may however, in conjunction with the under lock plate, form oue
casting.

page_text: -open-position..
A
The bolt A is moved by the action of the key upon its accessory-parts;-the-
guide of this key is in both lock plates made concentric with its direction.
natural closure is made in the case of the locked bolt A, as shown in Figure 1, both
by reason of its position and by its. notched surface provided in the lock, such
closure frustrating all attempts at opening.
As is seen in Figure 1, the bolt A-catches with its tooth formed like the segment
of a circle through the guides D and the catch C, and closes this catch.
The night
bolt B, which is also moved in a circular guide, closes the bolt A with its tooth
formed like the segment of a circle and absolutely prevents the use of the key to
any part of the lock. The catch C, which also travels in a circle, remains in its
closed position if it be provided with light pressers to give the pressure which its
shape and position requires. In the case of larger locks another catch is laid in,
either of the form shown or corresponding to that of the lock casing, and by the
falling or, in the case of large locks, by the pendulum pressure of this catch the
catch C is secured in its locked position against the pressure of any suitably heavy
pressers. In order that the catch C may, on the closing of the door, be raised to
enter the lock it is, as shown in Figure 3, correspondingly rounded off in front.
Figures 6 and 7 show the direct closing round bolt catching through the closure
plate with closure plate.
These door locks upon the direct single part circle closure method may also be
carried out with the pieces shown, Figures 20 to 23 inclusive, a suitable key being
used.
The Figures 8 to 19 inclusive shew the indirect two part closure, Figures 8 and 9
showing lifting catch in closed and open positions, with night boit closure as
drawn.
The Figures 10 and 11 shew closing catch in closed and open positions, with
night bolt closure as drawn.
The Figures 12 and 13 shew shooting and lifting catch closures operated by
ward and hollow keys for railway carriages, luggage, &c.
The Figure 14, a cupboard lock upon this system.
The Figure 15, a lock for a chest of drawers.
The Figure 16, a lock for a hinged lid, for pianos, &c.
The Figure 17 shows lock-plate to lock Fig. 16.
The Figures 18 and 19, a padlock locked and unlocked.
All these locks are drawn with the lock plate removed to show the mechanism.
The moving of the parts A circularly on to the straight sliding bolt is so effected
that this latter with its slider occupies a position in a quadrant of the moving part,
and is operated by the segment notches z, z. By this geometrically designed
arrangement, the whole-of-the-sliding effect. of the parts moving in a circle is
utilized on the straight bolt.
Therefore an absolutely safe locking is effected in the simplest manner without
the use of springs or weights, as on the closing movement being ended the seg-
mental surface of the part A moving in a circle closes or shuts perpendicularly
and acts against the bolt held at x.
In the application of this construction of lock to railway carriages the only
variation in the closing lies in its being effected, in previous large constructions,
through the segment surface z, whereas, here, a similar tumbler action is effected
through the round surface to the night-bolts, as before described.
The larger construction with locking bolt and closure by means of the segment
surface may also be applied as separate locks for railway carriages as also for
locking covered goods waggons, in which case the closure of a straight bolt sliding
or direct can be effected by means of a tumbler travelling circular wise, as shewn
in Figures 12 and 13.
Desk, box, portfolio, &c., locks, with a falling or hinge bow closure, are provided

page_text: with locking parts either similar to the drawer lock and cupboard lock or to the
padlock. For all locks, the most complicated form of key bit is admissable.
Hollow or pipe keys are placed for their guidance over the projecting pin fixed to
the under lock plate E, shewn in Figures 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19.
The key mounting in Figures 20-23 consists of a small slotted pipe which, in
the middle, is provided with a stop for fixing the key, and which is held between the
lock plates E by two shoulders turned thereon but can turn round freely with
the key. By means of this key mounting, in the event of an attempt to force the
lock by the insertion of a counterfeit key or even of a pick lock, even when such
might have the proper depth of web, the only effect would be to cause the small
tube to turn without being able to reach the bearing surface of the bolt A.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Friedrich Carl Glaser in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 5th
January 1880.
FRIEDRICH CARL GLASER, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
Germany, Engineer and Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS." A commu-
nication from Friedrich Hasdenteufel, of Iserlohn, Prussia, Germany.
This Invention relates to an universal circle lock system without springs and
with loosely inserted locking parts.
The system consists, as regards all locks, in a movement of the loosely inserted
locking or lock moving parts outwards from the central point of their circular
travel.
For this purpose two methods may be employed, namely,-
1. The direct single part circle closure for door locks.
2. The indirect double part closure, also for door locks and all other kinds of
locks. In this latter method, the direct circle closure is carried over on a graduated
bolt.
Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, of the Drawings represent a door lock in a closed and in an
open position with indirect two part locking arrangement, by which latter is also
closed the shooting reversible catch A of the form shewn, Figs. 4 and 5.
The recessed part A with its accessory parts A, and also with its head surfaces
(shewn in Fig. 3), is carried in the slots of the lock plate and is moved by the
upper arm of the lever B. The lever B moves with its lower arm the lever C,
which is provided with a notch into which takes the locking bolt, which is also
carried in a slot in the lock plate.
The lever C raises the counterweight D carried perpendicularly in the lock plate
by bearing with its outer end against the under surface of this counterweight, by
which means the counterweight always rests on the said outer end of the lever,
and an equable, invariable, and constant counterbalance against heavy bolts is
obtained.
In the case of round or oval door handles the lever C suffices for balance, and
when they are employed the counterweight D. is not inserted in the lock.
Fig. 3 is an outer view of the lock, in which are seen the aforesaid carrying slots
in the lock plate for the locking parts.
Figs. 6, 7, 9, 10, represent a door lock in a closed and in an open position with
direct single part locking arrangement, and with a specially constructed key-ward
for employment in all door locks on this system:
This lock is provided with the aforesaid lever arrangement for moving the
shooting catch in an inverted position, of which the lever B is closed by the sliding-
catch-plate E carried perpendicularly in the lock plate, the shooting catch A being
shut when the single part locking bolt is in the closed position (see Fig. 6). When
the lock is open, the catch plate E rests on the locking bolt (see Fig. 7) and gives
to the lever B the requisite movement for operating the catch A.
Or the locking bolt being turned round for the purpose of locking the sliding
plate E falls down and prevents the lever B from moving (see Fig. 6).
The novel circle shaped key ward consists of the two round collars f. f, of equal
thickness (Figs. 9 and 10), which are cut out so as properly to admit of the inser-
of the key. These key ward collars f. f, are riveted to the round collars or
washers g, g, fastened to both lock plates, which washers or collars serve for
carrying the locking bolt.
The upper part of the key bit of any suitable shape is made thin and is passed
into the space between the key ward collars f, f. The lower part of the key bit,

page_text: made thin, passes into the space between the two carrying collars or washers g; g,
and is turned round the two key ward collars f, f, against the projection h of the
locking bolt. As the key piece h is thinner than one of the key ward collars f. f, a
hook or picklock introduced into the space between these key ward collars would
have no effect on the key piece h.
Fig. 8 is the covering plate for the said lock.
Fig. 11 is a single part locking bolt for luggage vans, railway compartments,
etcetera.
Figs. 12 to 21 shew the arrangement for a novel reversible catch carried obliquely
within the lock plates, having the advantage that on the shutting to of the doors
this catch is slid into the lock and falls in for the purpose of closing, without the
lever mechanism' being affected by this movement, the lock handles not being
moved thereby, thus the object of little friction with great durability and safety is
attained. This mechanism consists of the reversible catch A (Figs. 19, 20, 21,) the
presser balance part B (Fig. 16), and the lever C (Figs. 12, 14, 15). By means of
the lever C acting on its projection movement is given to the part B, serving as
counterweight to the lock pressers, and which is carried in the lock plate in the
same oblique direction as the catch A.
If on
The catch A bears against the surface b of the counterweight B (Fig. 16) at its
projecting or raised part a (Figs. 12, 15, 19, 20, 21,), by which means this catch is
also carried along in the movement of the counterweight part B (Fig. 15).
shutting the door the catch A. should be slid into the lock then its raised part a
becomes freed from its position at the surface b of the counterweight B (Fig. 14),
and for the purpose of locking falls back again on the same without such movement
affecting the lever mechanism.
Fig. 13 is the covering plate for the catch A.
Figs. 17 and 18 are the outside views of the carriers within the two lock plates
for the catch A and the counterweight B. In those cases where, in using locks
with oblique cramps, the operation of the shooting catch is ineffectual, as, for
instance, where very thick doors are employed, and the lock cannot be applied.
-right and left, then the counterweight B may also be suitably formed in one piece
piece with the catch A.
Both the oblique catch mechanism, illustrated in Figs. 12 to 21, as also the two
before described arrangements, illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7, for the horizontal shooting
reversible catch are constructed for the direct single part and the indirect two part
lock on my system, and may be used therefore as required.
Fig. 22 is a two part lock in the closed position with a bolt carried in the lock
plate, which is brought round or shaped to right angles for handles for waggons,
etcetera. The same may be used with ward key arrangement, also for room doors,
etcetera.
Figs. 23 to 25, bolt, also single part lock, open and closed for sliding doors,
covered goods, waggons, ships' cabins, corridors, etcetera.
Fig. 26 is a single part lock with rotary safety-bolt for waggons, etcetera.
Figs. 27 and 28, application of the two part lock on this system to a window
bolt, shewn closed and open.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the Invention communicated
to me as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is or may be performed, what
I claim as of the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
1. Carrying of the loosely inserted parts of lock within the recesses of the lock
plate, substantially as described and shown.
2. The reversible shooting horizontally carried catches of the forms illustrated on
the accompanying Drawings.
3. The novel circular shaped key ward, substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
4. Both of the illustrated lever arrangements for horizontally shooting catches,
applicable to both methods of this system, substantially as herein before described.

page_text: 5. The fixing of the horizontally shooting catch in the direct single part lock on
this system, substantially as specified.
6. The reversible oblique catch of the form illustrated, together with the lever
arrangement appertaining thereto, and counter-balance constructions applicable to
both of the methods on this system, substantially as described.
7. The application of this system to waggons, etc., and window bolts, as illustrated
in Fig. 22.
In witness whereof, I, the said Friedrich Carl Glaser, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.