Manufacture of Ferruginous Nuclein Compounds from Blood.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Manufacture of Ferruginous Nuclein Compounds from Blood.
I, DR. ADOLF JOLLES, of I Schottenring No. 4, Vienna, Austria, Professor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
As is known, iron preparations prepared from blood are best suited for the
therapeutical application of iron, as by means of such preparations the greatest
quantities of assimilatable iron can be introduced into the organism.
A large proportion of the blood preparations of iron employed up to the
present time however do not fulfil the requirements of a rational iron therapy,
because they are on the one hand digested with difficulty or can only be absorbed
to a limited extent, and because on the other hand they contain bodies such as the
regressive products of the blood (such as urea, uric acid kreatin, xanthin, &c.)
that only constitute useless incumbrances of iron therapy.
My present invention relates to the production of a ferruginous nuclein com-
pound from blood applicable for therapeutical purposes, which is free from the
above mentioned disadvantages.
In carrying out the said invention, blood preferably that of oxen or pigs is
mixed with about ten times its volume of a common salt solution of from 8 to 10
per cent. strength, and the mixture is allowed to stand for some days in a cool
place until all the blood corpuscles have been deposited at the bottom. The
liquid standing above the mass of blood corpuscles is then decanted and the
remaining mass of blood corpuscles is then introduced into a suitable shaking
apparatus and is there shaken up together with about an equal volume of water,
in which the colouring matter of the blood dissolves, or preferably with a mixture
of about equal parts of water and ether, in order to remove certain substances
such as lecithin, &c that are soluble in ether. Upon then allowing the mixture
to stand for some hours, it will completely separate into a layer of ether and one
of water, of which the latter is allowed to flow off into a suitable vessel and is
then mixed with about the same volume of a 10 per cent. mineral acid solution,
preferably hydrochloric acid, or it may be a suitably concentrated organic acid.
When ether is not made use of in the above treatment, the aqueous blood
solution is treated in the same way as above.
After careful stirring of the acid mixture thus obtained, it is left to stand for
some time.
The degree of concentration of the acid employed is of considerable importance
for the effectual carrying out of the process, as if the acid is too dilute, only a
separation of the haematin contained in the haemoglobin or blood colouring matter
from the globulin-like proteids contained in the colouring matter is effected
thereby, while mineral acids whose concentration is not materially below the limit
indicated, produce a more deeply seated decomposition which is shown by the
fact that when the acid is added to the haemoglobin solution a precipitate of a

page_text: brownish yellow colour is formed which no longer yields the haemin crystals
which are characteristic of haematin, but contains all the iron organically com-
bined in the form of an albumin-like compound.
The said brownish yellow precipitate obtained in the above described manner
by the addition of hydrochloric acid to the hemoglobin solution is now separated
by filtration, washed with absolute alcohol, and lastly dried in vaquo over soda-
lime at a temperature of about 60 to 70° C. A sample of the dried substance
must no longer show a reaction for chlorine.
For accelerating the drying process in acuo it is advantageous to spread the
precipitate in thin layers on porous earthenware plates. After drying, the sub-
stance is disintegrated and can then be at once made use of both by itself, as also
mixed with flavouring materials, whether in solid form such as chocolate, cocoa,
sugar, &c., in which case the mixture is suitably formed into pills or, tabloids of
any required dosage, or the materials may be in liquid form such as wine, alcohol,
milk, &c.
The preparation formed out of blood in the above described manner, constitutes
a powder of slightly bitter flavour which is soluble in water and alcohol; it con-
tains phosphorus and iron, the latter amounting on the average to about 0.32 per
cent.
It has a slightly acid reaction and can therefore be combined with medica-
ments of a basic character.
As compared with other similar preparations the new compound possesses the
characteristic that it will dissolve in hot liquids without curdling.
A further difference consists in that the new compound is not affected by the
hydrochloric acid of the stomach, and therefore passes undecomposed into the
intestinal ducts for absorption. It contains the iron in the form of an absorbable
organic compound and is entirely free from the regressive products such as urea,
uric acid, kreatin, xanthin and the like.
Dated this 28th day of January 1899.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, DR. ADOLF JOLLES, of I Schottenring No. 4, Vienna, Austria, Professor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
As is known, iron preparations prepared from blood are best suited for the
therapeutical application of iron, as by means of such preparations the greatest
quantities of assimilatable iron can be introduced into the organism.
A large proportion of the blood preparations of iron employed up to the
present time however do not fulfil the requirements of a rational iron therapy,
because they are on the one hand digested with difficulty or can only be absorbed
to a limited extent, and because on the other hand they contain bodies such as the
regressive products of the blood (such as urea, uric acid kreatin, xanthin, &c.)
that only constitute useless incumbrances of iron therapy.
My present invention relates to the production of a ferruginous nuclein com-
pound from blood applicable for therapeutical purposes, which is free from the
above mentioned disadvantages.

page_text: The
In carrying out the said invention, blood preferably that of oxen or pigs is
mixed with about ten times its volume of a common salt solution of from 8 to 10
per cent. strength, and the mixture is allowed to stand for some days in a cool
place until all the blood corpuscles have been deposited at the bottom.
liquid standing above the mass of blood corpuscles is then decanted and the
remaining mass of blood corpuscles is then introduced into a suitable shaking
apparatus and is there shaken up together with about an equal volume of water,
in which the colouring matter of the blood dissolves, or preferably with a mixture
of about equal parts of water and ether, in order to remove certain substances
such as lecithin, &c., that are soluble in ether. Upon them allowing the mixture
to stand for some hours, it will completely separate into a layer of ether and one
of water, of which the latter is allowed to flow off into a suitable vessel and is
then mixed with about the same volume of a 10 per cent, mineral acid solution,
preferably hydrochloric acid, or it may be a suitably concentrated organic acid.
When ether is not made use of in the above treatment, the aqueous blood
solution is treated in the same way as above.
After careful stirring of the acid mixture thus obtained, it is left to stand for
some time.
The degree of concentration of the acid employed is of considerable importance
for the effectual carrying out of the process, as if the acid is too dilute, only a
separation of the haematin contained in the haemoglobin or blood colouring matter
from the globulin-like proteids contained in the colouring matter is effected
thereby, while mineral acids whose concentration is not materially below the limit
indicated, produce a more deeply seated decomposition which is shewn by the
fact that when the acid is added to the haemoglobin solution a precipitate of a
brownish yellow colour is formed which no longer yields the haemin crystals
which are characteristic of haematin, but contains all the iron organically com-
bined in the form of an albumin-like compound.
The said brownish vellow precipitate obtained in the above described manner
by the addition of hydrochloric acid to the haemoglobin solution is now separated
by filtration, washed with absolute alcohol, and lastly dried in partial vacuo over
soda-lime at a temperature of about 60° to 70° C. A sample of the dried substance
must no longer show a reaction for chlorine.
For accelerating the drying process in vacuo it is advantageous to spread the
precipitate in thin layers on porous earthenware plates. After drying, the sub-
stance is disintegrated and can then be at once made use of both by itself, as also
mixed with flavouring materials, whether in solid form such as chocolate, cocoa,
sugar &c., in which case the mixture is suitably formed into pills or tabloids of
any required dosage, or the materials may be in liquid form such as wine, alcohol,
milk, &c.
The preparation formed out of blood in the above described manner, constitutes
a powder of slightly bitter flavour which is soluble in water and alcohol; it con-
tains phosphorus and iron, the latter amounting on the average to about 0.32 per
cent.
It has a slightly acid reaction and can therefore be combined with medica-
ments of a basic character.
As compared with other similar preparations the new compound possesses the
characteristic that it will dissolve in hot liquids without curdling.
A further difference consists in that the new compound is not affected by the
hydrochloric acid of the stomach and therefore passes undecomposed into the
intestinal ducts for absorption. It contains the iron in the form of an absorbable
organic compound and is entirely free from the regressive products such as urea,
uric acid, kreatin, xanthin and the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :----
Manufacture of ferruginous nuclein compounds from blood or from solutions

page_text: prepared from blood, consisting in mixing the blood or the solution with an equal
volume of a mineral acid, or with a suitably concentrated organic acid, the
resulting precipitate being then freed from acid by washing with absolute alcohol
and drying in a partial vacuum, substantially as described.
1
'
Dated this 22nd day of October 1800
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.