matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR GLOBES OR SHADES FOR GAS LIGHTS AND IN GAS BURNER CONNECTIONS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Garrett Tongue at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1877. A communication from
abroad by John Joseph West, of Chicago, United States of America.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR GLOBES OR SHADES FOR GAS LIGHTS
AND IN GAS BURNER CONNECTIONS." A communication from abroad by John Joseph
West, of Chicago, United States of America.
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of holders for globes
or shades for gas lights, whereby the construction is simplified.
This improved form of holder is graceful in appearance and does not interfere
with the transmission of the light. The globe or shade is held securely, the
ordinary retaining screw or screws for securing the globe or shade in the holder
being dispensed with.
The construction of the holder is such that the bottom of the globe or shade
can be arranged on or nearly on a level with the top of the burner.
This improved holder can be readily adapted to any inequality in the con-
figuration of the bottom edge of the globe or shade, so that it may be adjusted to a
level position. For this purpose the holder is constructed with a metal plate of
suitable thickness having a central aperture of suitable size. Three or more arms
of spring wire enter into the under side of the metal plate equidistant from each
other, and which are firmly attached thereto. Each wire arm is sharply curved in
an upward direction, and at the desired height is curved outwardly in a lateral
direction to the desired width, and then is curved upwardly and inwardly so as to
form a hooked end, or so as to receive and hold the bottom lip or edge of the globe
or shade.
The three or more arms are spread apart a suitable distance from each other, and
adjusted so as to receive and hold the globe or shade securely.
Each wire arm being in the nature of a spring the arms can be forced apart to
introduce or remove the globe or shade.
It is advantageous to bend or shape the arms before they are fixed to the plate.

page_text: The improvements in gas burner connections consist in so forming them that in
cases where the gas burner cannot be screwed on to the end of the gas pipe, owing
to the difference in the gauge of the screw, an intermediate screw connection is
employed, being so formed that if the female screw is too small it can be readily
enlarged and made to fit. The passage above the screwed portion is enlarged so
that a screw tap can be readily introduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF PROTECTING DRESS FROM SPLASHES OF DIRT IN WALKING
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gilbert Stanton Fleming at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1877.
GILBERT STANTON FLEMING, of 127, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF PROTECTING DRESS FROM SPLASHES
OF DIRT IN WALKING."
My Invention consists in adapting and applying to the heel or other suitable part
of boots and shoes, or to the bottoms of trowsers, of a shield, adapted to receive
splashes on its under side, and prevent them from soiling boots, shoes, and trowsers,
or dress, as is usual without such protection.
When the shield is intended to be applied to the heels of boots or shoes, it is, by
preference, composed of india-rubber, with a suitable opening to allow of its fitting
and fastening on to the heel, and also with a rim or binding of metal to keep it
extended as required. It may also be made of gutta percha, leather, or other
suitable material, and applied to the boot in any ordinary mode of fastening.
When the shield is intended to be applied to the bottoms of trowsers it will or
may consist of a piece of india-rubber or other suitable material, fixed to the inside
of each leg of the trowsers, with a flange projecting therefrom, in order to catch
the splashes on its under side, such flange being kept in position as required by
means of a spring or springs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF FASTENING PURSES, CIGAR CASES, TOBACCO POUCHES, DRESSING CASES, PORTMANTEAUX, AND ALL SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michel Marie Franzini at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th June 1877.
MICHEL MARIE FRANZINI, of Naples, in the Kingdom of Italy, and at present of
30, Regent Street, County of Middlesex, Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF FASTENING PURSES, CIGAR CASES, TOBACCO POUCHES, DRESSING CASES,
PORTMANTEAUX, AND ALL SIMILAR ARTICLES."
This Invention relates to a new mode of fastening purses, cigar cases, tobacco
pouches, dressing cases, portmanteaus, and all similar articles, and consists of two
frames, of any form, or shape, and size, covered with leather or other material in
such manner as to provide sufficient space for holding money, cigars, tobacco, articles
for the toilet, and so forth.
Inside of one of the frames are two longitudinal cross bars or pieces, on which
travel two sliding pieces acting as guides, and which are attached to the other
frame so as to allow the internal face of one frame to slide longitudinally against
the internal face of the other frame, and when closed being secured as herein-after
mentioned, and thus producing when brought together at their normal closed
position a sure and tight fastening.
The space provided in the frames to carry money, cigars, tobacco, and so forth,
is closed by any kind of fastening, but I employ, by preference, a small flat piece of
metal, guided by a pin sliding into a slot provided in the frame.
The two frames are maintained in their close position by means of a spring hook
attached to one of the frames, and which enters a hole provided in the other frame,
and which by means of a button or knob can be opened at will by pressure.
The same principle can be applied to articles made entirely of solid substances,
such as wood, metal, &c., articles such as strong boxes, instrument cases, &c.
IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING TRAMWAY CARS AND OTHER LIKE VEHICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Squire Roberts at the Office, of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st February 1877.
SQUIRE ROBERTS, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Card Manufacturer.
"IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PROPELLING TRAMWAY CARS AND
OTHER LIKE VEHICLES."
"
This Invention has for its object the propelling of street tramway cars and other
like vehicles by means of a gas motor engine or engines, and apparatus connected
therewith, whereby the difficulty of dealing with exhaust steam where steam
engines is used for such purpose, or of the cost and labour of compressing air for
the working an air engine or air engines for propelling tram cars.
I employ a gas engine or gas engines of the
Otto "
or "Hallewell" principle,
which is arranged in a compartment of the tram car to be propelled, and the motive
power of which is transmitted by gear and shaft, or by crank or disc, in the case of
using a direct acting" gas engine to one or both of the axis of the car; the
several wheels of the car on each side may be coupled by means of connecting rods
and disc wheels, or by crank rods and cranks.
"
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WITHERING AND DRYING TEA LEAF
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Balmer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th January 1877.
THOMAS BALMER, of Fochabers, in the County of Moray, Scotland.
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WITHERING AND DRYING TEA LEAF."
"IMPROVE-
This Invention has for its object the withering or primary partial drying and the
drying or final drying of tea leaf in a continuous, efficacious and simple manner,
and by means of improved apparatus whereby time and hand labor are largely
saved.
The improved apparatus to be employed for the withering process comprises a
hollow cylinder of metal or wood, or of metal and wood combined, and placed in an
inclined position. A current of heated air is passed through the cylinder from its
lower to its higher end; and the tea leaf is fed in at the higher end by any suitable
mechanical feeder. The cylinder is fitted internally with a series of longitudinal
flanges which project from the cylindrical shell a certain distance towards the
centre, and which may be straight, but are by preference curved, as seen in trans-
verse section. The cylinder is made to rotate about its axis by gearing from any
suitable prime mover, and as it rotates the internal flanges carry round the tea leaf
to the upper side whence it falls in a continuous shower through the central current
of hot air.
The inclination of the cylinder causes the tea leaf to move gradually towards the
lower end, and during the progress along the cylinder each particle is repeatedly
dropped through the heated air current, and the drying action is consequently
thoroughly effective and quite uniform in its action. The cylinder may be formed
with hollow trunnions at the ends, by means of which it may be carried in bearings,
and through one of which the hot air enters whilst the tea leaf enters at the other
one. If necessary, flat rings or annular diaphragms are fitted at intervals along the
cylinder to insure that the air current will proceed along the centre and not along
the descending side of the cylinder, which side is always empty of tea leaf. The
dried tea leaf is discharged from the lower end of the cylinder through a door or
valve which is opened periodically by the gearing.
The final drying of the tea leaf (generally effected after the tea leaf has been
rolled, which operation follows the withering or primary partial drying of the

page_text: fresh tea leaf) is to be effected in a rotating cylinder arranged and worked
like that herein-before described for the withering process, but which will not
require to be so large when dealing with the same quantity of tea leaf.
The current of heated air is to be obtained by forcing air by a fan or blower
through pipes beated by a furnace or in furnace flues, or through pipes fitted in a
casing, into which the exhaust steam of the engine or steam direct from a boiler is
passed; or the air may be heated partly by steam and partly by a furnace.
Superheated steam or any suitable inert gas or vapor may be substituted for the
heated air.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STENCH TRAPS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Kent at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th January 1877
JAMES KENT, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, in Ireland, Builder and Con-
tractor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STENCH TRAPS'
My Invention is intended to be applied to boxes or chambers sunk below road-
ways, yards, and the like, and used to receive surface waters on then passage to
the sewers, and to prevent stenches and other offensive and deleterious vapours and
effluvia rising through the gratings from such sewers
I dispense with the curved tubes or bulbs and diaphragms now in ordinary use
for trapping stenches and the like, inasmuch as the capacity thereof is small, the
water retained thereby soon evaporates, and the solid matter passing into them is
obstructed in its passage by the diaphragm, and when deposited in the tube or bulb
is difhcult and expensive to be removed, and requies the overlying flagging or
paving to be opened for the purpose, and I substitute for the curved tube or bulb
and the ordinary frangible earthenware connection pipe a straight outlet tube or
pipe rising at an acute angle from the side or end of the box or chamber which
constitutes the reservoir, and retains so considerable a quantity of water as to reduce
the loss by evaporation to a minimum
The position, angle, and length of the outlet tube or pipe are so arranged that
the lower orifice thereof will be closed by the water retained in the box or chamber,
and that the opposite extremity, to which is attached a metal bend or twist, with
collar or socket connecting it directly or intermediately with the sewer, will act as
an overflow pipe, the overflow being on a higher level than the apex of the lower
orifice of the outlet tube or pipe
IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edgar Bradshaw at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th January 1877.
EDGAR BRADSHAW, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Artist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES."
This Invention has for its object to give a to-and-fro motion to the dolly or agitator
instead of the continuous revolving one in the same direction as at present, and con-
sists in mounting in a suitable framework a handle to which is connected a bevil
wheel working into another bevil wheel at right angles therewith, on the shaft of
which is a spur wheel gearing into another spur wheel placed in the framework.
On the shafts of and under each of the said spur wheels is fixed a. wheel, one half of
whose periphery is plain and the other half has teeth upon it, and between these
two wheels is a third toothed wheel to which the dolly or agitator is attached.
When the handle is turned it gives motion by the bevil wheels to the two large
spur wheels, which in their turn give motion to the two small wheels having teeth
on one half only of their periphery, the consequence being that as they revolve the
teeth of one gear into the teeth of the wheel of the shaft carrying the dolly and
cause it to make a revolution, or part of a revolution, in one direction, and as the
plain part of the said wheel comes against the wheel of the dolly shaft it rides over
the teeth, and the teeth in the other wheel come into contact and reverse the motion
of the dolly or agitator, and so on continuously.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TENTS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Harvey Hilliard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1877.
ROBERT HARVEY HILLIARD, of No. 5, Belgrave Terrace, Upper Holloway, London,
Doctor of Medicine. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TENTS."
or
This Invention relates to an improved construction of tent for army, pleasure,
and other uses. It has for its object to furnish an improved folding tent which may
be expanded immediately, and provide sleeping accomodation, when required, some
distance from the ground. It consists of a series of ribs hinged to the top of a
centre pole, which slides in a telescopic manner within an outer tube; arins
stretchers are hinged to a ring which travels up and down the outer tube; the ribs are
provided with an arrangement whereby the arms or stretchers are inade to travel
or slide in such a manner that when the ring to which they are hinged is pulled up,
they slide nearly parallel with the ribs, leaving the interior of the tent available for
use during the day. In pitching the tent the pole is raised beyond the tube by
appropriate pulleys to a sufficient distance to carry the points of the ribs off the
ground; the tube is then fixed in the ground by a projecting portion in some suitable
manner, and the ring bearing the arms or stretchers is then pulled down, thereby
expanding the tent. The pole is then lowered until the points of the ribs touch
the ground. To the arms or stretchers hammocks may be slung, or canvas is
stretched to form beds between them. The various parts may be made of wood or
metal, or both combined, with any of the usual tent coverings. Bolts to slide
within the tubular ribs may be so attached as to be easily driven into the ground
so as to give greater security to the tent. The tent is expanded in a very quick
manner, somewhat similar to an umbrella, and can be pitched securely in a few
minutes, and as easily struck.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR COUPLING AND UNCOUPLING RAILWAY CARRIAGES, TRUCKS, AND SIMILAR VEHICLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Uriah Gibford at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December 1877. A communication
from Frank Gibford, of Newton, in the County of Jasper, and State of
Iowa
URIAN GIBFORD, of the City, County, and State of New York, and United States
of America. "AN IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR COUPLING AND
UNCOUPLING RAILWAY CARRIAGES, TRUCKS, AND SIMILAR VEHICLES." A com-
munication from Frank Gibford, of Newton, in the County of Jasper, and State of
Iowa.
The Invention relates to automatic car couplings, wherein the coupling is effected
by the interlocking of the laterally movable barbed heads an consists,--
In a drawhead composed of a shank and two triangular plates secured to the
upper and lower horizontal surfaces respectively of said shank, the draw bar of the
other car being received between these plates when the coupling is effected.
It further consists in slightly beveling the rear end of the head of these plates, so
that when the heads are interlocked they will have a tangential bearing upon each
other, which will cause the automatic uncoupling should one of the cars leave the
track.
It further consists in the combination of levers and flexible connections for
uncoupling the cars either from the top or sides thereof.
Figure 1 is an under side view of my improved coupler; Figure 2 is an end view
of the car body, showing the uncoupling levers; and Figures 3, 4, & 5 me detail
views.
A, A', are cars; B, the wheels; C, my improved draw bar supported in stirrups
D, and having free lateral motion; a is the shank; a' the enlarged head; and b,
the triangular plates of the said draw bar. S is a spring which serves to lock the

page_text: The
two draw bars when the coupling is effected. The uncoupling is done by means of
lever G and chain g connected to the draw bar, the power end of said lever being
connected to lever H by chain h, which lever extends to the top of the car.
lever G is further connected by chain K to lever M, to effect the uncoupling from
the side of the car, the levers H and M being held in suitable guides 1, 1.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF FLY COMBS OR DOFFERS TO CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Leather and William
Whalley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November
1877.
JOHN HENRY LEATHER, of Cleckheaton, a Partner in the Firm of Peter and
Charles Garnett, of the same Place, Machinists, and WILLIAM WHALLEY, of Saltaire,
near Bradford, all in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION
OF FLY COMBS OR DOFFERS TO CARDING ENGINES."
The object of our Invention is to regulate the fly comb or doffing knife in
carding engines in such a manner that the doffing knife will draw or strip the wool
or other material that is being operated upon from off the doffer cylinder without
injury to the teeth of the clothing cloth by the upward movement of the doffing
knife, as is the case in ordinary practice.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:-We attach a bracket to the
main frame of the carding engine at each side and in front of the dofling cylinder;
journals are formed in these brackets for the reception of a shaft; on one end of
this shaft we fix a pulley, which is in connection and receives a rotary motion by
means of a strap or band from another pulley that is fixed in any convenient part
of the carding engine. On the before-named shaft we mount an eccenteric near to
each of the said brackets; around the circumference of the eccenterics are placed
straps or clips, which have arms radiating therefrom towards the circumference of
the doffing cylinder; at the ends of these arins we attach the fly comb or doffing
knife; at the other side of the eccenteric clips are other arms radiating from the
centre, which we call the short arms, and are in line with the arms first mentioned;
these short arms passes through holes formed in oscillating journals carried by the
before-named brackets, which acts as a fulcrum to the arms, the eccenterics
revolving; and the short arms being in connection with the oscillating journals
causes the doffer knife or fly comb to have an elliptical motion, and to drag or strip
the wool or other material from the face of the doffer cylinder without injury to
the teeth of the same in the upward movement of the doffer knife.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTES AND LIKE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Tyer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1877.
EDWARD TYER, of No. 4, Old Street, Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PIANOFORTES AND LIKE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS."
"
My Invention relates to pianofortes and like musical instruments in which notes
are produced by the vibration of elastic strings, wires, springs, or other sounding
bodies when they are struck by hammers, or are strained and let go.
thus produced become gradually weaker as the vibrations of the sounding bodies
diminish.
Notes
The object of my Invention is to provide means of sustaining such notes for any
desired time, with a strength uniform, or nearly so, and I effect this by placing the
sounding body in the condition of the vibrating tongue armature which is some-
times employed in connection with an electro-magnet.
In order that this may be more clearly understood I will describe the construction
which I adopt for sustaining the notes of a pianoforte in which steel wires are used
as the sounding bodies. Near the middle of one of these wires I place an electro-
magnet, the coil of which is connected with a battery or other source of electricity
through a contact maker acted on by the wire itself. This contact maker is so
arranged that when the wire is at some distance from the magnet the electric circuit
is completed, and the magnet being thereby rendered active attracts the wire
towards it.
As the wire approaches the magnet, contact is broken, the attraction ceases, and
the wire recoils, again completing contact so as to become again attracted and so on,
the wire being thus caused to vibrate, or having its vibrations thus sustained as long
as the electric force is maintained.
When a key of the instrument is depressed it causes the hammer to strike the
string, and the damper to be relieved in the ordinary way; and I arrange the same
movements so as to make connection to the source of electricity, and thereby to
bring the string that has been struck under the influence of the sustaining magnet,
causing its vibrations to continue as long as the key is held down. On releasing the

page_text: key the electrical connection is severed, and the damper stops the vibrations. A like
arrangement applies to other sounding bodies, such as steel springs, or iron or steel
bells, and can also be made applicable to bodies made of other metal or material by
attaching to them pieces of iron forming armatures which can be attracted to mag-
nets employed as above described.
IMPROVED BOILER TUBE EXPANDER AND BEADER COMBINED.
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Williams at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September 1877.
ROBERT WILLIAMS, of Sunderland, in the County of Durham, Boiler Maker.
IMPROVED BOILER TUBE EXPANDER AND BEADER COMBINED.'
">
"AN
The object of my "Improved Boiler Tube Expander and Beader Combined" is to
enable workmen to expand and bead the tubes of a boiler at one operation without
having to withdraw the tool and employ other appliances as is usually done.
To carry out my Invention, I employ a tube expander of any ordinary pattern,
on the outside of which and just above the expanding segments are fixed two or
more beading rollers, so arranged in bearings that they may be taken out and others
supplied to suit the nature and form of the bead required. The tube to be expanded
being placed in position, the tool is inserted in the mouth of the same, and after the
process of expansion has taken place, a nut, having friction rollers, is lowered or
screwed down on to the top of the outer casing of the expander, the said top being
bevelled to form a true path for the friction rollers; the nut is prevented from
slipping or working loose by means of a jam or lock nut being screwed on to the
top of same. By these means the beading rollers are forced well home and ready
for beading the tube, which, by the ratchet handle being worked, draws the beading
rollers over the end of the tube and effectually bead the same.
At the end of the through shaft of my machine I have made arrangements by
which the set screw can be adjusted to suit the length or width of the various fire-
boxes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS, AND IN THE MODE OF AND MEANS FOR PROPELLING SAME
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1877.
(A communication from Eduard Hoppe, of Berlin.)
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. v.
Nawrocki, of 2, Kochstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Patent Agents. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SHIPS, AND IN THE MODE OF AND MEANS FOR PROPELLING SAME." (A communi-
cation from Eduard Hoppe, of Berlin aforesaid.)
The object of this Invention is to diminish the great loss of power and speed
occasioned by the friction resistance of the immersed part of the ship. For this
purpose the deck or upper part of the ship, or, as it may be termed, the ship proper,
rests on and is carried by one or more pairs of hollow propeller cylinders, arranged
side by side, and with their axes lengthways of the ship; their ends are taper and
they are provided with steep screw thread or blades; they are supported in bearings
and are caused to revolve by hand or power say, by a steam engine placed amidships,
and through friction gearing. Each two screw propeller cylinders are separated by
a longitudinal partition.
Water ballast may be employed for balancing or distributing the weights.
The diameter of the screw cylinders is so large that only a comparatively small
portion is immersed.
IN HEALDS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pickering at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1877.
JOHN PICKERING, of Batley, in the County of York, Agent.
IN HEALDS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to the method of attaching the healds to the heald rods,
and my improvements consist in covering the heald rods with a sheath of leather, in
the double edges of which the healds are sewn, and further secured by cement.
Healds thus secured do not wear so quickly as those made heretofore, as instead of
the heald bands being constantly rubbing against each other as the healds rise and
fall, and so wearing away, the leather surfaces only are in contact, which being
smooth suffer very little by friction.
My improvements are of additional value for list healds as the leather sheath or
covering slides on the rods, and can readily be adapted to varying widths of warp.
CER- TAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOVES FOR COOKING, HEATING, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Joseph Billing and John
Williamson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March
1877.
ALFRED JOSEPH BILLING, of 169, High Holborn, and JOHN WILLIAMSON, of Kirby
Street, Hatton Garden, both in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer.
"CER-
TAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STOVES FOR COOKING, HEATING, AND
OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
These improvements, are applicable more especially to those stoves known
as portable stoves, whether gas or otherwise, and which improvements will
effect a great saving in cost and construction, besides being more durable than
those now in use.
To carry out our improvements we make the body or case of the stove in one
piece by cutting out of a sheet of metal such a shape or configuration as will give
the bottom, two sides; and back, and can be so arranged as to form a square,
rectangular, or other suitable shape; the ends or edges of each side are turned up so
as to form a lip, so that when the sheet of metal is formed or doubled into shape
the ends or lips fit close together. At each corner of the stove a tubular column
is fixed, having a slot running from end to end, the edges or ends before-described
fitting into and are adjusted to these columns by means of the slot.
The great advantage of this arrangement is that it does away with rivets, and
the stoves are easily repaired; the same arrangements at the top for culinary
purposes are made as at present in use with a very little exception. These columns
may be either ornamental or plain, and may be furnished with feet to fit into a
stand, or the feet may be so arranged that the stand of the stove may fit into the
base of the columns.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRANES AND WINCHES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Karl Heinrich August Hecht and
Hans Heinrich Kröger at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
28th July 1877.
KARL HEINRICH AUGUST HECHT and HANS HEINRICH KRÖGER, Engineers,
Hamburg. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRANES AND WINCHES."
This Invention relates to improvements in cranes and winches, in which by an
improved application of differential pullies with cranes and winches the chain,
drum, and gearing now in use can be entirely dispensed with.
Our Invention simplifies the construction of cranes and winding apparatus. The
friction is much sinaller than with the cranes now in use, and it perfectly excludes
the danger of a load falling during its lifting up or lowering.
Two
The differential pullies may be placed in front of the pillar of a crane.
rollers are suspended to top of crane, while three guiding rollers are fastened at the
frame of the crane. An endless chain passes over one of the differential pullies, than
over one of the top rollers, and around a pulley which is attached to the lifting hook,
from which it returns over the second top pulley, and then around the other disc of
the differential pulley to the three guiding rollers, and back to the first disc of the
differential pulley. The load is lifted or lowered by pulling this endless chain, or
by means of a handle, which can be placed on the axle of the differential pullies.
The construction of our device with winches is arranged in a similar manner as
with cranes, as before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th March 1877. A
cominunication from Heinrich Moritz Schön, of Crimmitzschau, in Germany.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the firm of J. Brandt & G. W. v.
Nawrocki, Civil Engineers and Patent Agents, of Berlin in the Empire of Germany.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY." A communication from Heinrich
Moritz Schön, of Crimmitzschau, in Germany.
The object of this Invention is to obtain very nearly double the quantity of yarn
at present produced by a machine of the ordinary construction, while at the saine
time a considerable saving of space is effected.
In carrying out my Invention I proceed as follows:-I place on the carriage of
the machine, one above the other, a double tier of spindles with their corresponding
fluted or drawing rollers. Such compound arrangement is equally applicable to all
kinds of spinning machines without interfering with the ordinary construction of
their driving parts beyond making the requisite allowance for alteration of position
and distance of the parts before referred to.
In order to provide sufficient space for arranging the necessary drums for driving
such double tier of spindles, I lengthen the standards and intermediate supports of
the carriage to any desired degree.
I also place the lower row of spindles slightly in advance of the upper, so as to
afford greater facility to the spinner in superintending the machine.
I also construct the lower part of the carriage in the ordinary manner but place
it rather lower than customary and attach thereto the usual working mechanisın.
Such arrangement applies equally to the driving drums of the upper row of spindles
and the moving parts connected therewith.
At the under part of the carriage I fit a suitable drum for tightening and holding
the quadrant in gear from which by suitable means motion is communicated to a
shaft at the upper part of the carriage which is connected in any suitable manner to
the upper spindle drun. If however the yarn on any of the upper row of spindles
and cylinders breaks, as frequently occurs, in order to prevent the loose ends becom-
ing entangled with the lower threads, I place a suitable number of bands or strings
on the upper part of the carriage, which extend in a backward direction and are
carried over rollers, such bands or strings being provided with counterweights by

page_text: which they are kept distended. United to such series of bands is another series of
bands or strings extending longitudinally with the drawing rollers, and thus
forming a network which serves to catch the loose ends of such broken
threads.
.
One of the principle advantages of my Invention is the duplex arrangement of 5
spindles placed one above the other together with their attachments as herein-before
described.
AN IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR FOR COOLING MILK AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Wright at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th July 1877.
JOHN HENRY WRIGHT, of Wootton Bassett, in the County of Wilts, Corn
Merchant. "AN IMPROVED REFRIGERATOR FOR COOLING MILK AND OTHER
LIQUIDS."
The object of this Invention is to cool milk and other liquids by a simple
apparatus and process, speedily and at a moderate cost.
My improved cooling apparatus consists of a shallow metal case or chamber
(herein-after called the "cooler "), having its upper side or part corrugated, the
lower portions of such corrugations being soldered or otherwise fixed, either
directly or by strips of metal, to the bottom or opposite side of such cooler, a space
being left at the alternate ends of the interior channels thus formed so as to make
them into one continuous channel for the water or other cooling fluid to flow
through. This cooler I usually place or mount on a simple framing, or on trestles,
so arranged as to give a suitable incline to the cooler, that the milk or other liquid
(herein-after included in the word "milk") to be cooled can flow down the upper
or corrugated surface thereof.
In any convenient part above the level of the upper end of the cooler I place a
can or other reservoir, provided with an outlet cock, for the milk intended to be
cooled. On opening the said cock the milk flows into a swinging perforated trough
through the perforations in which the milk passes on to the upper part of the cooler,
and thence over the upper surface thereof, and thence into one or more milk cans
placed under or near the lower end of such cooler.
The cooling liquid is supplied from a tank or other suitable and convenient
source, provided with an outlet cock, placed or situated above the level of the higher
end of the cooler. This liquid is conveyed by a tube into the lower end of the said
channel of the cooler, through which channel it flows to the upper end thereof,
whence it may run away or be conducted to any desired place.
By corrugating the upper side of the cooler a larger surface for cooling purposes
Die 037

page_text: is obtained; and by causing the cooling fluid to flow upwards to its outlet such
cooling fluid must be always in contact with the under surface of such corrugated
side over which the milk flows.
By my improved arrangement milk can be cooled at the rate of about three
gallons per minute to within about two degrees of the cooling fluid used, and at a
very trifling cost.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STAYS OR CORSETS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Claude François Paul de Plument de
Bailhac at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th November
1877.
CLAUDE FRANÇOIS PAUL DE PLUMENT DE BAILHAC, of Paris, 23, Boulevard de
Strasbourg, Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STAYS OR CORSETS."
This Invention consists in making stays or corsets with an elastic belt or girdle
at their lower part for the purpose of lengthening the figure, and supporting it as
well as the hips. This belt or girdle I apply to stays or corsets, whether sewn or
not, and whether provided with a busk or not, and it can be made of an elastic
fabric of silk, cotton, or other suitable material mixed with india-rubber. It is
composed of four pieces woven separately, namely, two similar pieces for the front,
and two other similar pieces for the back, the configuration of these pieces being
such that when attached to the corset they make a belt or girdle, which is wide at
the front and back, and narrow at the hips.
The two pieces, which form a prolongation of the front of the corset, are sewn or
attached to the bottom of the corset, and are provided at their meeting edges with
buttons and button holes, or hooks and eyes. The two other pieces are similarly
sewn or attached at the back of the corset, and are united to each other where they
meet by means of the ordinary lace.
In some cases I make the belt or girdle in two pieces only, each of which extends
from the middle of the front of the corset to the middle of the back, and is of the
proper configuration.
In some cases again I make the said belt or girdle in a single piece of the proper
configuration, that is to say, wide at the front and back, and narrow at the hips; it
is sewn or attached all round to the bottom of the corset, and the meeting edges
are drawn together by the ordinary lace.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Thomas Schmidt and Jacob
Andreas Frerichs at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May
1877.
FREDERICK THOMAS SCHMIDT, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machinist,
and JACOB ANDREAS FRERICHS, also of Bradford, in the County of York, Merchant.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS AND APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
The object of our Invention is to arrange a simple and effective apparatus for the
purpose of pressing the fluted beam and the piece beam of the loom together in
such a manner that the pressure acts direct upon both beams, and thus ensures the
taking up of the piece as it is woven with regularity, and thus prevent the irregu-
larities in the thickness of the piece caused by the piece slipping on the top roller.
We accomplish our object in the following manner:- -We span the plain part at
each end of the top or fluted roller of the loom by a metal bridge tree, in which we
place two small antifriction rollers, centred on pins, which are secured to the sides
of the bridge tree. The spindles at each end of the bottom or piece roller rests in a
metal block; through this block, below the spindle and at right angles to the centre
line of the rollers, we place a small shaft; on each end of this shaft, close to the
before named metal block, we secure a lever, one of which is longer than the other;
each of these levers has a pin projecting from the side, at a convenient and both an
equidistant distance from the centre of the shaft to suit the class of loom to which
our apparatus is applied. The ends of the bridge tree and the projections on the
levers are connected together by means of spiral springs and links of such a length
that when the long lever is pressed down so as to bring the centre line of the levers
in line with the centre line of the spiral springs before named, the same will press
the rollers together with such force as to prevent the possibility of the piece slipping
whilst being woven.
When the long lever is released and moved so that the centre line of the same is
at or near right angles to the centre line of the spiral springs, the pressure between
the rollers is released so that the weaver can take off the piece with ease.
AN IMPROVED VALVE FOR PUMPS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Massey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1877.
GEORGE MASSEY, of Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Engineer. "AN
IMPROVED VALVE FOR PUMPS."
This Invention relates to an improvement in pump valves, by means of which
their durability is greatly increased. It consists substantially in so constructing
the valve seats that the holes or apertures provided therein, and through which the
water or other fluid is caused to pass, are not in a vertical or direct line, but are
pierced at such an angle with their faces that, as the said water or other fluid is
impelled through these apertures, a rotatory motion is given to the disc or discs with
which the valve seat is fitted, and thus their positions being changed at each rise
and fall of the piston an evenness of wear throughout the whole of the disc or discs
is ensured.
The said discs may consist of india-rubber rings, or they may be of leather or
other suitable material.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Morton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1877.
ROBERT MORTON, of Wishaw, in the County of Lanark, North Britain. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in safety lamps, has for its object
to make it impossible for a miner or other person using lamps constructed
according to this Invention from being able to expose the naked flame on opening
the lamp. It also has for its object to supply air to the burner through the bottom
of the lamp.
The first object of this Invention is achieved by means of a short central tube,
which is carried upon a bridge piece or otherwise conveniently supported at the
interior of the lower part of the lamp in the neighbourhood of the burner which it
surrounds.
When the burner is in its place the central tube herein-before referred to is in
such position that it will not interfere with the flame of the lamp; but on the lamp
being opened the burner and the flame are drawn down through the tube which has
the effect of instantly extinguishing the flame.
Before replacing the lower part of the lamp and the burner the extinguishing
tube is taken out from the upper part of the lamp and placed over the burner before
it is let, so that the lower part of the lamp with the burner and the extinguishing
tube are placed in the upper part of the lamp at one operation, the bridge or the
equivalent thereof, by which the extinguishing tube is supported, being made of a
spring whitch catches on projections to receive and hold it in the required
position.
The second object of this Invention is achieved by placing one or more tubes
vertically in the oil vessel with their upper and lower ends soldered into the upper
and lower ends of the oil vessel.
Above the upper ends of these tubes a disc or shield of wire gauze is placed,

page_text: which, being below the level of the burner, enables the air to be evenly distributed
to it.
In place of using the vertical tubes herein-before referred to openings may be
formed in any other convenient parts of the lamp so as to admit air at the lower
part to the burner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR FASTENINGS FOR SECURING THE LIDS TO THE BODIES OF GAS SYPHON BOXES, AND OTHER SIMILAR CASES OR COVERINGS
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William John Russell and Robert
Wilson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February
1877.
WILLIAM JOHN RUSSELL and ROBERT WILSON, both of Croydon, in the County
of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR FASTENINGS FOR SECURING THE LIDS
TO THE BODIES OF GAS SYPHON BOXES, AND OTHER SIMILAR CASES OR COVERINGS."
This Invention has for its object the production of a secure and more convenient
fastening for the lids or covers of gas syphon boxes, street hydrant boxes, public
light meter boxes, the lids of boxes placed in the street and used to obtain access to
telegraph wires, the ventilators of sewers, the doors covering the entrance thereto,
and for other similar purposes.
The Invention consists in forming on the under side of the lid or cover a flat
circular boss, having through its centre, and that of the lid, a hole which serves for
a key way. This hole is circular, but has on two opposite sides an indent cut to
receive the feathers of a key. Beneath the boss is a moveable piece of metal or bolt
having two arms, with a key way in the centre, of the same size and shape as that
before described. On each of two sides of the key way is a concentric slot, and
through each of these slots passes a flat headed screw so as to secure the moveable
piece of metal or bolt to the boss before mentioned, but not so tightly but that it
may be turned round by the application of a key, which is made of the shape and
size to fit the keyhole loosely. On each of two sides of the syphon box is cast a
recess, into which the ends of the two arms of the bolt may enter, or in lieu thereof,
there may be cast or fixed two small lugs or studs, having their bottom surfaces
inclined to the horizon, but in opposite directions. When the lid or cover is
placed on the box, the key is inserted in the keyhole, and passes through the boss
into the moveable piece of metal or bolt, and on being turned, causes the arms
either to enter the recesses mentioned, or to press against the under sides of the lugs
or studs before alluded to, and in consequence of these studs having their under
surfaces inclined, the lid is held firmly in position and cannot be removed without
the aid of the key.
A very excellent feature in either of these arrangements is, that when the lid is
closed the removal of the key locks the lid, consequently no lid can remain in its
place unfastened.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSMITTING MOTION TO CRANKS, AND IN THE MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Henry at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1877.
ROBERT HENRY, of the City and County of Perth, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TRANSMITTING MOTION TO CRANKS, AND IN THE MECHANISM EMPLOYED
THEREFOR."
This Invention has for its object to overcome or get rid of the dead points of crank
motion, and the arrangements therefor are applicable either to cranks of motors,
such as steam, water, air, gas, or other engines, as well as to crank motions
generally.
The foregoing object is effected by placing the centre or axis of the piston rod or
other reciprocating driving rod on a plane which does not pass through the axis of
the crank shaft.
Besides the foregoing arrangement the piston or other rod from which the motion
is communicated to the crank is or may be placed at an angle relatively with the
axis of the crank shaft. In this case the crank pin is fitted so as to be capable of
oscillating This last-named arrangement causes the piston rod and cross head
or other driving rod to partly rotate in its reciprocating movement.
MENTS IN CANDLES
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Absalom Elijah Webb at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1877.
ABSALOM ELIJAH WEBB, of Islingtou, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN CANDLES."
"IMPROVE-
According to this Invention I make composite and other candles without a wick
passing through them. I place on the top of the candle a double disc or cap made
of wire gauze or other fire-resisting open work material, in which is fitted an
asbestos wick combined with cotton or other capillary fibrous substance at its lower
part, the fibres of which at the bottom are spread out between the double disc or
cap aforesaid so as to absorb the grease. The flame by this double disc or cap is
prevented from melting more than a very thin layer of the top of the candle, and
guttering is thereby practically prevented, but a cap of porcelaine may be put on for
that purpose for further security, and to hide the aforesaid disc or cap.
Another part of this Invention consists in making the bottom end of wickless
candles with a cavity corresponding to the top of the candle. Short remnant pieces
of candle may thus be fitted on the top of a fresh candle, and thereby save all
waste, as the remnant piece burns right down and combines with the top of the
fresh candle.