IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Tweedale, of Milkstone, Rochdale, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 18th March 1862, and dated the 4th October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Tweedale at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
October 1861.
I, JOSEPH TWEEDALE, of Milkstone, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to the cranks that doff the doffers of
carding engines. In carrying out this part of my Invention, I propose to
balance the combs by having the centre of gravity of the shaft or bar to which
the arms that carry the combs are fastened on the opposite side of the centre
of motion to that on which the combs are, or balancing the combs when they
are screwed or rivetted to the arms or plate by means of a rod or bar fastened
on the opposite side of the shaft to that on which the combs are, and having
the connecting rod (that connects the comb with the stud or eccentric that
causes the vibratory motion) horizontal or at an angle less than 45 degrees

page_text: with the horizon, and driving the combs by wheels or friction pullies; by these
means the crank is turned easier and steadier.
The second part of my Invention relates to throstles and doublers, and
consists as follows:-I propose to make the guide that guides the thread to
the spindles with a slit or hook, or fastening a peg with a slit or hook cut in
it under the guide board or plate; this slit or hook will take hold of the
thread immediately it begins to snarl, and prevent it making hard waste.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Tweedale in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
TWEEDALE, of Milkstone, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Tweedale, Her special license that I, the said Joseph Tweedale,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph
Tweedale, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Tweedale, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Tweedale, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
What is to col

page_text: The nature of my Invention consists, first, in balancing the combs that doff
the doffers of carding engines by having the centre of gravity of the shaft or bar,
(to which the arms that carry the combs are fastened) on the opposite side of.
the centre of motion to that on which the combs are, or balancing the combs.
when they are screwed or rivetted to the arms or plate by means of a rod or
bar fastened on the opposite side of the shaft to that on which the combs are ;.
also in having the connecting rod that connects the comb with the stud or
eccentric that produces the vibratory motion horizontal, or at an angle less
than 45 degrees to the horizon; also, in driving the combs by means of wheels
or friction pullies.
Secondly, in making the guides that guide the threads to the spindles of
throstles and doublers with a slit or hook, or fastening a peg with a slit or
hook to the guide board or plate for the purpose of taking hold of the thread_
immediately it begins to snarl.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and easily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Drawing, reference
being bad to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 represents an elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan of part of a carding
engine with the first part of my Invention applied. a is a cylinder; b, the
doffer; and c, the frame that supports them; these may be made as usual.
a¹ is the cylinder shaft, on which is fastened the pulley d, which drives the
pulley e, which is covered with leather or paper, so that the pulley & will drive
it better; this pulley e is mounted on a stud e', which revolves in the boss of
the lever f, which is mounted on the stud f', which is fastened to the frame
of the engine. To the lever f is hung the weight g, which causes the pulley e
to press against the pulley d so as to be driven by it without slipping. To
the pulley e is fastened a stud e², which is taken hold of by the connecting rod h,.
which at the other end takes hold of the stud i, which is fast to the lever i,.
which at the other end is fastened to the comb shaft k, which is carried by
the pedestal 7, which is bolted to the frame c; this pedestal can be regulated
by the screw so as to take the comb nearer to or further from the doffer,
as required. The comb is fastened to the comb plate k, which is on one
side the centre of the comb shaft k, and is connected by means of the arms k
to the rod or bar ³, which is on the opposite side the comb shaft, so as to
balance the comb plate. Instead of the pullies d and e there might be two
wheels, when the lever f and weight g might be dispensed with; the stud e
would then run in a bracket bolted to the frame c, or else the stud would be
fastened to the frame, and the wheel run loose on it.
Fig. 3 shows how the combs may be balanced by means of a rod fastened

page_text: on the opposite side of the shaft on which the arms are fixed that carry the
combs to that on which the combs are. a is the comb which is screwed to
the arms b, b, which are mounted on the shaft c; and d is a rod that is fastened
on the opposite side of the shaft, and which balances the comb.
Figs. 4 to 15 show different ways in which the second part of my Invention
may be carried into effect. Fig. 4 is a side elevation partly in section, and
Fig. 5 a front elevation, of part of a throstle or doubler with my improved
guide wire.
a is the roller beam; b is the wire board, into which is screwed
the guide wire c, one end of which is bent down, as at c', and into this is cut
the slit, which will take hold of the yarn when it begins to snarl, or instead
of the slit being cut in, the wire may be made smaller at the end, and turned
up so as to form a hook. Fig. 6 is a section, and Fig. 7 a front elevation of
part of a throstle or doubler with a peg with a slit cut in driven or screwed
into the under side of the wire board. a is the wire board, and bis the peg
with the slit which takes hold of the yarn when it begins to snarl. Fig. 8 and
9 show the peg with the slit cut in, fastened into the front of the wire board.
a is the wire board; 6 is a common guide wire screwed into the front of the
wire board in the usual way, and c is a peg with a slit cut in it, fastened in
front of the wire board alongside of the guide wire. Fig. 10 shows the
peg c bent at the end so as to form a hook to catch the thread instead of
having a slit cut in. Fig. 11 shows the end of the guide wire 6 bent down
so as to form a hook c to catch the thread; there is a notch made on the top
side of the hook, so as to prevent the yarn from slipping off. Fig. 12 is the
same as Fig. 10, with the exception of the hook c being pointed, and being
without the notch on the top side. Fig. 13 shows a screw a formed on the
end of the guide wire, which will act as a hook, and catch hold of the yarn
when it begins to snarl. Fig. 14 shows a head a on the end of the guide
wire, which, when the thread begins to wrap round, the wire will c act as a
hook, and prevent its slipping off the end. Fig. 15 shows a plan of the guide
wire with the slit a cut on one side.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to
the details herein set forth, as many variations may be made; but I claim as
my Invention,-
First, balancing the combs that doff the doffers of carding engines by
having the centre of gravity of the shaft or bar to which the arms that carry
_the_combs are fastened on the opposite side the centre of motion to that on
which the combs are, as shown and described in reference to Fig. 1 and 2, or
balancing the combs when they are screwed or revitted to the arms or plate

page_text: by means of a rod or bar fastened on the opposite side the shaft on which the
arms that carry the comb plates are mounted to that on which the conibs are,
as shown and described in reference to Fig. 3. Also having the connecting h
(see Fig. 1 and 2) which connects the comb with the stud or eccentric
that produces the vibratory motion horizontal, or at an angle less than 45
degress to the horizon; also driving the combs by means of wheels or friction
pullies.
Secondly, making the guides that guide the threads to the spindles of
throstles and doublers with a slit or hook, or fastening a peg with a slit or
hook to the guide board or plate (as described in reference to Figs. 4 to
15) for the purpose of taking hold of the thread immediately it begins to
snarl.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Tweedale, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOSEPH TWEEDALE. (L.S.)