IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAM- WAY AND ROAD CAR TRACTION AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH
Year: 1879

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I ANDREW SMITH
HALLIDIE of 3 York Buildings Dale Street Liverpool and San Francisco California
United States of America Civil Engineer Send Greeting WHEREAS Her Most
Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her Royal Letters Patent under the Great
Seal of Great Britain and Ireland bearing date at Westminster the Thirteenth
day of December in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy nine in the 43rd year of Her Reign did for Herself Der heirs and
successors give and giant unto me the said Andrew Smith Hallidic my executors
administrators or assigns Her special license full power sole privilege and authority
that I the said Andrew Smith Hallidie my executors administrators or assigns
or such others as I the said Andrew Smith Hallidie my executors administrators
or assigns should at any time agree with and no others from time to time and
at all times during the term therein expressed should and lawfully might make
use exercise and vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
the Channel Islands and Isle of Man an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAM-
WAY AND ROAD CAR TRACTION AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS IN
CONNECTION THEREWITH" for and during the term of Fourteen years thence next
ensuing And whereas in pursuance and performance of a proviso in the said
Letters Patent contained I the said Andrew Smith Hallidie did within six calendar
months next after the date of the said Letters Patent namely on the Twelfth day
of June in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty cause a
Specification in writing under my hand and seal purporting to particularly describe
the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same was to be performed
to be duly filed in the Great Seal Patent Office And whereas since the filing of
the said Specification I have been advised that the first second third and ninth
claims made in the said Specification might be held to be in excess of the nature
of the Invention as stated in the Provisional Specification lodged by me the said
Andrew Smith Hallidio with my Petition for the grant of the said Letters
Patent and also that the seventh claiming clause might be held to be for
matter which was not new at the date of the said Letters Patent and I
am therefore desirous of amending the said Specification by striking out the
said first second third seventh and ninth claiming clauses and I am also desirous of
correcting an error in the reference to Figure 12 of the drawings NOW KNOW YE

page_text: that I the said Andrew Smith Hallidie by and with the leave of Her Majesty's
Attorney General and for the reason aforesaid do amend the said Specification in
manner following that is to say I strike out the words" is a section of a curved
tube as in figure 10 but" which occur at line 24 of page 5 of the Queens Printers
Copy of the said Specification published at the Great Seal Patent Office in One
thousand eight hundred and eighty and I substitute therefor the words "represents
a modification in which is" I also stuke out the word "are" which occurs at
line 25 of the said page 5 I also strike out the first second and third claiming
clauses being the paragraphs commencing with the words "First Enclosing within
a slotted tube" which occur at line 55 of the said page 5 and ending with the
words "accompanying Drawings" which occur at line 10 of page 6 of the said
Queens Printers copy of the said Specification I also strike out the word
"Fourthly" which occurs at line 11 of the said page 6 and substitute therefor the
word "Firstly" I also strike out the word "Fifthly" which occurs at line 15 of
the said page 6 and substitute therefor the word "Secondly" I also strike out the
word "Sixthly" which occurs at line 19 of the said page 6 and substitute therefor
the word "Thirdly" I also strike out the seventh claiming Clause being the
paragraph commencing with the word "Seventhly" which occurs at line 23 of the
said page 6 and ending with the words "accompanying Drawings" which occur at
line 25 of the said page 61 also strike out the word "Eighthly" which occurs at
line 26 of the said page 6 and substitute therefor the word "Fourthly" I also
strike out the ninth claiming clause being the paragraph commencing with the
words "Ninthly. The arrangement" which occur at line 28 of the said page 6 and
ending with the words "the accompanying Drawings" which occur at line 31 of
the said page 6.
And in Order that the effect of the said Disclaimer may be clearly endorsed
understood I annex hereunto a copy of the said Specification as it will appear
when so amended the Preamble and testing clause being omitted
This Invention relates to improvements in propelling tramway and road cars by
means of an endless travelling wire rope contained within a tube trough or framing
placed beneath the body of the car or below the level of the street the cars being
connected to the rope cable or chain by means of a gripper attachment the general
arrangement of which was described in Specification of Letters Patent No. 120475
granted to me.
In cases where it is desirable to use a single line with turnouts and one opening
or slot only on the upper side of the tube for the shank of the gripper to pass
through into the tube I arrange the gripper on the car or dummy in a suitable
frame for enabling it to be turned half around and thus reversed and provide the
inside of the tube with two sets of rope supporting sheaves one set of which
supports the part of the rope running in one direction and the other set support
the part of the rope running in the opposite direction the ropes being placed
equidistant from the vertical of the slot or opening of the tube and sufficiently far
on either side so that the gripper on being lowered will be in position to catch or
grip and pick up the rope on that side on which it is lowered the proper distance
to raise or lower the grip being indicated upon the main screw of the gripper by a
hole or recess into which is inserted a key or stop. At places where cars running
in opposite directions pass one another or where branch lines converge to or divorge
from main lines turnouts and switches are provided as described in Specification
No. 120475
When it is desired to diminish the size of the rope to be used for propelling the
cars and to equalize the strain on the gripper two ropes may be used and arranged
to run in the same direction and the tubes are constructed in a similar manner to
that already described where the ropes travel in different directions and I may
employ a gripper with double gripping jaws hereafter described actuated in the
usual manner or somewhat similar to that described in Specification 12047.
1
To relieve the gripper from undue side strain when turning curves I provide the
interior curve of the slotted tube with a curved bar placed parallel thereto and

page_text: against which a sheave or roller fitted to the lower end of the shank of the gripper
runs while in some cases I place in the interior of the tube and in the line of the
said curve a series of rollers or sheaves fitted with vertical or nearly vertical
spindles and furnish the lower end of the shank of the gripper with a guard
consisting of a piece of iron steel or other suitable material with a curved edge
shaped like the runner of a skate or like a cam forming a resting bar which will
rest against and travel along the rollers the rope being sustained in passing the
curve on supporting sheaves in the usual manner.
For facilitating the operation of laying in repairing or removing of the rope or
cable in the tube I place on the top of the longitudinal irons or timbers which may
form the boundaries of the slot or opening a narrow flat bar or band of iron and
secure it to the same by means of bolts the bolt holes of which flat bar or band
may be made of oval form so as to permit of the bar being adjusted to a required
space by slacking up the same.
At the foot of inclines where a depending or upper pulley is employed to keep
the rope down I enclose such upper or depending pulley in a box open at the
bottom but having a removable cover provided with bearing pieces for the spindle
of the pulley to run in so as to facilitate the repairing of such pulley when worn
or the substitution of a new one without unnecessary delay or inconvenienco the
upper pulley in some cases being placed immediately under the slot of the tube
and across the same in which case it is provided with a spindle attached to a spring
and with suitable guard which enables it to be pushed on one side by the shank
of the gripper in passing and returned to its proper place when the gripper has
passed.
In order to regulate the position of the gripping jaws of the gripper and to
provide that when the car is in motion (or the dummy carrying the gripper) the
gripper shall be at a proper level so as not to come in contact with the lower
bearing pulleys or the upper pulloys in the tube or any known obstacle therein I
provide the screw of the gripper employed to raise and lower the gripping jaws
with a stop or pin which is inserted in a recess at the proper position and acts as
a check or stop between the nut and screw
In transmitting the power from the motor to the rope I employ a pulley fitted
at its periphery with a number of self acting hinged Jaws arranged and connecter
together by means of a pin passing through the rope seat thereof and which work
loosely in recesses or pockets cast in the periphery of the wheel.
In the accompanying Sheets of illustrative Drawings Figure 1 Sheet 1, is a
section of a tube B shewing the arrangement of the pulleys D and D¹ rope A
and gripper E
shank of the gripper C and Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, the directions
in which the two parts of the rope A A¹ travol being indicated by the arrows.
The gripper E and shank C are transferred from the rope A to the rope A' by
turning the gripping apparatus half a round.
Figure 3 is a view of the gripper mounted on the car or dummy the frame being
arranged as shown to admit of the reversing of the gripper shank and screw.
Figure 4 is a section of a tube B showing the arrang ment of the pulleys D D
ropes A A shank of gripper C and the double gripper.
Figure 5 exhibits in plan a portion of Figure 4, the arrows showing the direction
in which the ropes A A travel.
Figure 6 is a sectional and figure 7 a plan view of the tube B slot iron E E and
covering bar F. F.
Figure 8 is a view in section of the enclosing box containing the upper pulley G
and the removeable cover H and rope A.
Figure 9 is a plan view of Figure 8 shewing a portion of the cover removed and
also exhibiting the upper pulley G
Figure 10 is a section of a tube B where a curve is formed the rope A passing
around said curve and the gripping shank C being provided with a roller N which
rests against a curved bar O parallel to the line of the curved tube B The rope A

page_text: bears against the horizontal sheaves P except at the moment the gripper is passing
and is also supported on the rollers R.
Figure 11 is a plan view of Figure 10 and illustrating the application of the
supporting rollers R.
Figure 12 represents a modification in which is substituted for the curved bar O
shewn in Figure 10 a series of rollers T provided and placed in a curved line
parallel to the curve of the tube over the rope sheaves P and against which a resting
bar S being attached to the shank of the gripper C
Figure 13 is a plan view of figure 12.
In Sheet 3 Figures 14 to 19 inclusive are views of my improved gripping pulley
and shew the grip or nipping jaw which I place around the circumference of the
pulley used for transmitting the power from the motor to the rope and by which
means the rope in travelling is preventing from slipping around the pulley The
jaws II as shewn at Figure 15 are formed in two portions connected together
as at Figure 14 by a pin J and so forming a hinged joint so that they may
work freely upon such pin and in the recesses of the wheel when the rope A is
travelling
Figures 18 and 19 are a plan view and sectional elevation respectively by which
the arrangement will be found to be thoroughly illustrated. In figure 18 the
nipping jaws are shown inserted in position in a section of the wheel only and one
of the segments K is removed to show the pockets into which the nipping jaws I, I
are placed.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and illustrated some of
the modes in which I prefer to carry my said Invention into practice I wish it to
be distinctly understood that whilst I am aware that heretofore arrangements have
been described for using tubes of various construction placed beneath the surface
of a street to receive grooved sheaves for supporting an endless travelling rope
cable or chain such tubes having an opening along their upper sides for the
purpose of allowing a connection to bo made between the travelling rope and the
vehicles desired to be transported and also that such tubes have been arranged to
receive an upper pulley to prevent the rope rising above the slit or opening in
the tube my present Invention essentially differs from such before.mentioned
arrangement and although I do not limit myself to the precise details of the parts
of my Invention as herein described I claim and desire to secure by the herein in
part recited Letters Patont.
Firstly The use of a rope gripper having near its lower end and within the
slotted tube a bearing roller or wheel together with a bearing bar substantially as
herein described and set forth and illustrated in Figure 10 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Secondly Placing within a curved slotted tube as described a curved resting bar
in combination with rope bearing sheaves and travelling rope all substantially in
the manner and for the purposes herein described and set forth and illustrated in
Figure 10 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The cam or skate shaped piece attached to the lower end of the
gripper together with the rollers and rope bearing sheaves arranged within a slotted
tube and parallel thereto all substantially as herein described and set forth and as
illustrated by Figures 12 and 13 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. The use of an enclosing box and removable cover for receiving the
upper or depending pulley arranged substantially in the manner herein set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Andrew Smith Hallidie have hereunto set my
hand and seal this thirtieth day of October One thousand eight hundred
Li..
ANDREW. SMITH HALLIDIE (L.S.)
By H. H. M. SMITH,
his Attorney lawfully constituted in that behalf by Power of Attorney dated 5.
4th July 1882.

page_text: To, the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my Fiat giving leave to the above named Andrew Smith
Hallidie to file in the Office of the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions, with
the Specification to which the same relates, the above written Disclaimer and
5 Memorandum of Alteration.
Dated this first day of December 1889

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Andrew Smith Hallidie, of 3, York Buildings, Dale Street,
Liverpool, and San Francisco, California, United States of America, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMWAY AND ROAD
CAR TRACTION, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS IN CONNECTION
THEREWITH.
"
Sealed the 2nd March 1880, and dated the 13th December 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Andrew Smith Hallidie at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1879.
ANDREW SMITH HALLIDIE, of 3, York Buildings, Dale Street, Liverpool, and
San Francisco, California, United States of America, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TRAMWAY AND ROAD-CAR TRACTION, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND
APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH."
This Invention relates to improvements in propelling tramway and road cars by
means of an endless travelling wire-rope, cable, or chain contained within a tube,
trough, or framing placed beneath the body of the car or below the level of the
street, the cars being connected to the rope, cable, or chain by means of a gripper
attachment, the general arrangement of which was described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me April 2nd 1875, and bearing the number 1204
In cases where it is desirable to start and propel at the same moment one or
more cars, and to be able afterwards to disconnect the car or cars from the propelling
rope, cable, or chain, and to substitute for such aforesaid means of propulsion horses
or other motors, I provide and apply a special car or carriage, upon which the
gripper" is placed, which special car, carriage, or "dummy" can be attached to
and detached from the regular car when desired, and which gripper car may be
furnished with seats for passengers, or with a suitable arrangement of platform and
sides for the carrying of freight.
"
In connecting the gripple car or "dummy" to the regular car or cars I so
construct the coupling apparatus as to allow of sufficient free motion whilst the
cars are passing over changes of grades, such for instance as a connecting bar secured
at one end by means of a bolt passing through an eye in the end of the connecting
rod, and attached at the other end by means of a pin passing through a hole in a
bell mouthed socket, the employment of which bell mouthed socket facilitating the
Paine Q17

page_text: act as
more ready and exact placing of the ond of the connecting rod into position to take
the securing pin, whilst in some cases I provide "preventer-chains" for the purpose
of connecting the "dummy" to the car, and which "preventer-chains
security against accident in the ovent of the connecting bar breaking or becoming
otherwise disengaged or detached.
When there are steep inclines I place in any convenient position, such for instance
as under the body of the car, a drag pole, which may be connected to the revolving
axle of the car in such manner as to maintain itself off the ground whilst the car is
moving forward; but should the car run back the drag pole would fall down and
be driven into the ground. A latch string may be attached to the drag pole to
retain it when out of action.
When the terminus of the line or stopping place for the cars is on a steep incline
I continue the track horizontally by means of a frame of sufficient length to permit
the cars to rest thercon and to facilitate the moment of starting, and which frame
may also act as a platform to enable passongers to enter or alight from the cars.
At the foot of steep inclines I place a sheeve or pulley, or sheeves or pullys,
to keep the rope down and prevent its working up against the top, side, or roof of
the tube, trough, or other enclosure of the rope, cable, or chain, or passing up through
the slot or opening thereof, and I place the upper sheeve or pulley sufficiently out
of line or aside to allow of the shank of the gripper passing it without coming in
contact therewith, and I prefer that these sheeves or pulleys be placed in boxes
secured to the top of the tube, thus enabling them to be readily removed for repairs
or for the immediate substitution of others.
For facilitating the laying in, repairing, or removing of the rope or cable in the
tube, trough, or other enclosure I make the opening or slot therein somewhat wider
than the diameter of the rope, and then cover the slot with a narrow flat bar or
band of iron secured to the top of the tube by means of bolts, the bolt holes of
which covering bar may be made of a long oval form to permit the covering bar
to bo adjusted to the desired width of the opening.
In some cases I construct the tube, alot, or opening so as to enable the entire
weight of the car or carriage when balanced to rest on centre wheels of as large
diameter as possible, so as to reduce friction, and to these are attached in turn at
suitable points, say, at the side of the car, "preventer wheels" for temporarily
sustaining the car when thrown out of balance, and when employing this arrange-
ment an iron rail track may or may not be used, as may be desired.
When angles or sharp curves occur I place in the tube and parallel theroto at
proper distances apart horizontal rope sheeves held between cheeks, the upper or
lower one of which should be continuous, and extending between the tangential
points of the curve, and I prefer that they should have a smooth edge or face,
whilst under the horizontal sheeves there should be placed rollers to prevent the
rope falling from its proper position, and upon the shank of the gripper is also
placed a wheel or roller in such a position that it will revolve against the smooth
edge of the projecting cheek whilst passing around the curve, and so relieve the
gripper from any undue side strain.
In transferring the car or dummy from one track to another when two or more
tracks are employed, I join the two tubes and slots by means of a connecting
tube and slot, so that the shank of the gripper will pass from the straight
tube and slot or opening on the tube of the one track along the connecting tube
and slotted opening to a tube and slot of the return track, and so be in position
to pass along up the return track.
When a "dummy" and car are employed the dummy runs down the connecting
tube and slot into position first, then moves up the return track out of the way of
the car, which is transferred in like manner to the return track; the "dummy" is
then backed down to the car and coupled thereto.
A protecting covering bar working on a pivot may be placed over the enlarged
opening at the point where the two slots converge and connect, and can be tein-
porarily removed aside by the shank of, the gripper whilst it is passing, and be

page_text: returned to its normal position by means of a spring or other suitable contrivance
after the gripper has passed.
An effective form of safety brake I prefer to employ consists of a vertical bar
passed down into the slot of the tube, and which can be forced or pressed against
the side of the slot by torsion from the deck of the car or "dummy," or where the
bar is split. I provide a wedge shaped central piece, which can be raised or pulled
up from above by means of a nut and screw or a lever, and the sides of the bar
will then be forced against the sides of the slot of the tube.
In some cases I attach to the gripper or to the gripper car or dummy in any
convenient position an arrangement by which when the hold upon the rope or cable
is released the brakes of the car and dummy, together with the skids where
employed, may self actingly be called into play; this arrangement will be found of
use in cases where the car is travelling upon a road of varying grades and steep
inclines.
Where two cable roads cross each other at an angle I so arrange the construction
of my gripper car that upon approaching the cross road the hold upon the
rope is released, and the gripper raised either wholly or in part, and I release a
train of coiled springs conveniently placed either on the dummy or the car, which
springs in the act of uncoiling produce sufficient motive power to propel the cars
along the distance or space taken up by the cross road. Upon the opposite side of
the cross road being reached the gripper is again lowered and the rope picked up
and gripped by the gripper, and the cars proceed as usual, and during the travelling
of the car the springs will be recoiling themselves, and storing up power for future
use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Andrew Smith Hallidie in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
June 1880.
ANDREW SMITH HALLIDIE, of 3, York Buildings, Dalo Street, Liverpool, and
" IMPROVE-
San Francisco, California, United States of America, Civil Engineer.
MENTS IN TRAMWAY AND ROAD-CAR TRACTION, AND IN THE MACHINERY AND
APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH."
This Invention relates to improvements in propelling tramway and road cars by
means of an endless travelling wire rope contained within a tube, trough, or framing
placed beneath the body of the car or below the level of the street, the cars being
connected to the rope, cable, or chain by means of a gripper attachment, the general
arrangement of which was described in Specification of Letters Patent, No. 1204",
granted to me.
In cases where it is desirable to use a single line with turnouts and one opening
or slot only on the upper side of the tube for the shank of the gripper to pass
through into the tube, I arrange the gripper on the car or dummy in a suitable.

page_text: frame for enabling it to be turned half around and thus reversed, and provide the
inside of the tube with two sets of rope supporting sheaves, one set of which
supports the part of the rope running in one direction, and the other set
support the part of the rope running in the opposite direction, the ropes being
placed equidistant from the vertical of the slot or opening of the tube, and suffi
ciently far on either side, so that the gripper on being lowered will be in position
to catch or grip and pick up the rope on that side on which it is lowered, the
proper distance to raise or lower the grip being indicated upon the main screw of
the gripper by a hole or recess, into which is inserted a key or stop. At places
where cars running in opposite directions pass one another, or where branch lines
converge to or diverge from main lines, turnouts and switches are provided, as
described in Specification No. 120475.
When it is desired to diminish the size of the rope to be used for propelling the
cars and to equalize the strain on the gripper two ropes may be used and arranged
to run in the same direction, and the tubes are constructed in a similar manner to
that already described where the ropes travel in different directions, and I employ
a gripper with double gripping jaws, hereafter described, actuated in the usual
manner, or somewhat similar to that described in Specification 120475.
To relieve the gripper from undue side strain when turning curves I provide the
interior curve of the slotted tube with a curved bar placed parallel thereto, and
against which a sheave or roller fitted to the lower end of the shank of the gripper
runs, whilst in some cases I place in the interior of the tube and in the line of the
said curve a series of rollers or sheaves fitted with vertical or nearly vertical spindles,
and furnish the lower end of the shank of the gripper with a guard consisting of a
piece of iron, steel, or other suitable material with a curved edge shaped like the
runner of a skate or like a cam, formning a resting bar which will rest against and
travel along the rollers, the rope being sustained in passing the curve on supporting
sheaves in the usual manner.
For facilitating the operation of laying in, repairing, or removing of the rope or
cable in the tube I place on the top of the longitudinal irons or timbers which
may form the boundaries of the slot or opening a narrow flat bar or band of iron,
and secure it to the same by means of bolts, the bolt holes of which flat bar or
band may be made of oval form so as to permit of the bar being adjusted to a
required space by slacking up the same.
At the foot of inclines where a depending or upper pulley is employed to keep
the rope down, I enclose such upper or depending pulley in a box open at the bottom,
but having a removable cover provided with bearing pieces for the spindle of the
pulley to run in so as to facilitate the repairing of such pulley when worn, or the
substitution of a new one without unnecessary delay or inconvenience, the upper
pulley in some cases being placed immediately under the slot of the tube and across
the same, in which case it is provided with a spindle attached to a spring and with
suitable guard, which enables it to be pushed on one side by the shank of the
gripper in passing and returned to its proper place when the gripper has passed.
In order to regulate the position of the gripping jaws of the gripper and to pro-
vide that when the car is in motion (or the dummy carrying the gripper), the gripper
shall be at a proper level, so as not to come in contact with the lower bearing
pulleys or the upper pulleys in the tube, or any known obstacle therein, I provide
the screw of the gripper employed to raise and lower the gripping jaws with a stop
or pin which is inserted in a recess at the proper position, and acts as a check or
stop between the nut and screw.
In transmitting the power from the motor to the rope I employ a pulley fitted
at its periphery with a number of self acting hinged jaws, arranged and connected
together by means of a pin passing through the rope seat thereof, and which work
loosely in recesses or pockets cast in the periphery of the wheel.
In the accompanying Sheets of illustrative Drawings Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a
section of a tube B shewing the arrangement of the pulleys D and D¹, rope A, shank
of the gripper C, and gripper E, and Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, the

page_text: directions in which the two parts of the rope A,A¹, travel being indicated by the
arrows.
The gripper E and shank C are transferred from the rope A to the rope A' by
turning the gripping apparatus half around.
Figure 3 is a view of the gripper mounted on the car or dummy, the frame being
arranged as shown to admit of the reversing of the gripper shank and screw.
Figure 4 is a section of a tube B showing the arrangement of the pulleys D, D,
ropes A, A, shank of gripper C, and the double gripper.
Figure 5 exhibits in plan a portion of Figure 4, the arrows showing the direction
in which the ropes A, A, travel.
Figure 6 is a sectional and Figure 7 a plan view of the tube B, slot iron E, E,
and covering bar F, F.
Figure 8 is a view in section of the enclosing box containing the upper pulley G
and the removeable cover H and rope A.
Figure 9 is a plan view of Figure 8 showing a portion of the cover removed, and
also exhibiting the upper pulley G.
Figure 10 is a section of a tube B where a curve is formed, the rope A passing
around said curve, and the gripping shank C being provided with a roller N which
rests against a curved bar O parallel to the line of the curved tube B. The rope A
bears against the horizontal sheaves P except at the moment the gripper is passing
and is also supported on the rollers R.
Figure 11 is a plan view of Figure 10, and illustrating the application of the
supporting rollers R.
Figure 12 is a section of a curved tube as in Figure 10, but substituted for the
curved bar O shown in Figure 10 a series of rollers T are provided and placed in a
curved line parallel to the curve of the tube over the rope sheaves P, and against
which a resting bar S being attached to the shank of the gripper C.
Figure 13 is a plan view of Figure 12.
In Sheet 3, Figures 14 to 19 inclusive, are views of my improved gripping
pulley, and shew the grip or nipping jaw which I place around the circumference
of the pulley used for transmitting the power from the motor to the rope, and by
which means the rope in travelling is prevented from slipping around the pulley.
The jaws I, I, as shown at Figure 15, are formed in two portions connected
together, as at Figure 14, by a pin J, and so forming a hinged joint, so that they
may work freely upon such pin and in the recesses of the wheel when the rope A
is travelling.
Figures 18 and 19 are a plan view and sectional elevation respectively by
which the arrangement will be found to be thoroughly illustrated. In Figure 18
the nipping jaws are shown inserted in position in a section of the wheel only, and
one of the segments K is removed to show the pockets into which the nipping
jaws I, I, are placed.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and illustrated some of
the modes in which I prefer to carry my said Invention into practice, I wish it to
be distinctly understood that whilst 1 am aware that heretofore arrangements have
been described for using tubes of various construction placed beneath the surface
of a street to receive grooved sheaves for supporting an endless travelling rope,
cable, or chain, such tubes having an opening along their upper sides for the
purpose of allowing a connection to be made between the travelling rope and the
vehicles desired to be transported, and also that such tubes have been arranged to
receive an upper pulley to prevent the rope rising above the slit or opening in the
tube, iny present Invention essentially differs from such before mentioned arrange-
anents, and although I do not limit myself to the preciso details of the parts of my
Invention as heroin described, I claim and desire to secure by the herein in part
recited Letters Patent,-
First. Enclosing within a slotted tube a double set of rope sheaves, in combina-
tion with a reversible gripper and gripping apparatus, together with two ropes or
two parts of the same endless rope travelling in opposite directions, substantially

page_text: as berein described and set forth and illustrated in the accompanying Sheets of
Drawings.
Secondly. The use or employment of a double gripper, in combination with a
slotted tube and two ropes travelling in the same direction, substantially in the
manner and for the purposes herein set forth and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of
the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. The use of a rope gripping apparatus, together with a frame, mounted
on a car or "dummy," arranged and disposed to enable it to be reversed, substan-
tially in the manner and for the purposes herein described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. The use of a rope gripper having near its lower end and within the
slotted tube a bearing roller or wheel, together with a bearing bar, substantially as
herein described and set forth and illustrated in Figure 10 of the accompanying
Drawings.
1
Fifthly. Placing within a curved slotted tube, as described, a curved resting bar, 1
in combination with rope bearing sheaves and travelling rope, all substantially in
the manner and for the purposes herein described and set forth and illustrated in
Figure 10 of the accompanying Drawings
Sixthly. The cam or skate shaped pie a attached to the lower end of the gripper,
together with the rollers and rope bearing sheaves arranged within a slotted tubo,
and parallel thereto, all substantially as herein described and set forth, and as
illustrated by Figures 12 and 13 of the accompanying Drawings.
Seventhly. The use or employment of an adjustable protecting or covering bar,
as described, in connection with a slotted tube, substantially as hercin described
and set forth and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
Eighthly. The use of an enclosing box and removable cover for receiving the
upper or depending pulley, arranged substantially in the manner herein set forth.
Ninthly. The arrangement of grip or jaw herein described connected by a hinged
joint, and working freely in pockets or recesses on the periphery of a wheel, sub-
stantially as herein described and as illustrated by Figures 14 to 19 inclusive of:
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Smith Hallidie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and
Witness,
H. H M. SMITH,
San Francisco,
California, U.S.A.
ANDREW SMITH HALLIDIE. (1.s.)
36