IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING AND DRYING OR HEATING STONE AND OTHER MINERAL SUBSTANCES, AND IN MIXING THE SAME WITH BITUMINOUS MATERIAL, AND PRESSING THE SAME INTO BLOCKS FOR PAVING, BUILDING, AND OTHER PURPOSES, PART OF SUCH APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER USES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arvid Henry Elliott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July 1881.
ARVID HENRY ELLIOTT, of New York, in the United States of America, and now
temporarily of 68, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Gentleman. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING AND DRYING OR HEATING STONE AND
OTHER MINERAL SUBSTANCES, AND IN MIXING THE SAME WITH BITUMINOUS
MATERIAL, AND PRESSING THE SAME INTO BLOCKS FOR PAVING, BUILDING, AND
OTHER PURPOSES, PART OF SUCH APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
USES."
For the purposes of my Invention the lime stone, ore, or other mineral substance
is supplied from a hopper into a crushing machine provided with jaws, one of
which is stationary, and the other vibrated by suitable mechanism. This reduces
the mineral substance into lumps which pass through a shoot, and thence between
a pair of revolving crushing rolls, which reduce the materials to small lumps or
granules of the proper size for the object intended. The crushed material is
carried by an elevator up to a revolving screen which separates any lumps that are
larger than the standard size; these are returned to another pair of crushing rollers
to reduce them to the proper size and pass by a shoot to the elevator before-named
and thence to the screen again. This ensures great uniformity in size. As the
materials must be thoroughly dried the apparatus next described is employed, and
it may be used between the jaw crusher and the first roller crusher if desired, but
usually the material that passes through the screen will be taken by an endless
chain or bucket elevator and carried up to a hopper at the top of the dryer.
This dryer is formed of four vertical or nearly vertical walls, and accross
between two opposite sides are two vertical ranges of metal slats at a suitable
distance apart, and each slat is inclined inwardly, lapping under the slat above it,
somewhat similar to Venetian blinds. The space between these two ranges of slats
is filled with the ore, stone, or other mineral substance to be dried or heated, and
it cannot pass off laterally between the slats, but forms a vertical sheet or slab of
pulverulent mineral, sufficiently thin for the hot air that is contained in the flues
formed between the walls and slats to have free access to the material to dry and
heat the same. The heat is supplied from a fire at the lower part of the apparatus,
and the gases and vapors pass of by a chimney or flues at the top.

page_text: The mineral substances pass out by an incline or shoot at the bottom, and the
whole mass will gradually settle down between the vertical ranges of slats only as
fast as it may be removed from the heap at the lower end. To effect this removal
regularly a revolving scraper or elevator is made use of.
The parts thus far referred to have been devised with especial reference to the
manufacture of artificial stone next described, but some of the parts and the
joint arrangement and operations may be used for other purposes, such as preparing
ore for separating or amalgating operations.
The elevator that takes the dry and hot material from the bottom of the dryer
delivers the same into a mixing trough or troughs, in which are rotatory agitators
which serve to convey the material within and along the trough or troughs.
Melted asphalte or bitumen is poured upon the pulverized mineral material in
these troughs in the proper proportion so as to supply only the required amount
of bitumen to cause the mineral particles to adhere when pressed in moulds, by a
suitable press into blocks for paving or building, or other purposes.
This press
is of any suitable construction (the one preferred being however that described in
the Specification of the British Letters Patent, No. 2646, dated 30 June 1879,
and granted to Ernest de Pass, as a communication from me and from Alfred
Walker), and the block should be passed into water for cooling. The bottoms of
the mixing troughs are encased with a jacket, and steam supplied to maintain the
required heat; and the tanks in which the asphalte or other bituminous substances
are melted are open at top to give access and to allow the vapors to pass off, and
a steam jacket around the bottom portion furnishes the heat required for liquefying
the bitumen without the risk of injuring the same by too great a heat.