Improvements in Coke Ovens.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Coke Ovens.
I, EVENCE NARCISSE COPPÉE, Mechanic, 71, Boulevard d'Anderlecht, Brussels,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
The object of the present invention is to realise the following conditions:
1. Circulation of the gases permitting the coke oven to act either with or
without the recovery of the byproducts.
2. Retention of the vertical flues and in general the tried construction of
the usual Coppée oven.
3. Chief introduction of the gases into lower parts of the oven principally
under the floor, in order that the greatest heat may be produced in these parts
and that the heat in the higher parts should not be great enough to decompose
the light oils which are evolved from the coal in the oven.
4. Distribution of the inlets for the gas and air in several places easily acces-
sible, so as to have a uniform heat in the middle and at the end of the ovens.
5. Division of the draught in the flues of the ovens so as to be able to regu-
late at will and separately the draught of the gases and of the air introduced
on the front and on the back of the ovens in these flues.
In the annexed drawing Figs. 1 and shew two longitudinal sections of the
oven. Fig. 3 shews a series of transverse sections taken on the lines A-B.
C D, E F, G H, J K, of Figs. 1 and 2. Figs. 4 and 5 show three horizontal
sections on the lines PQ, LM, NO, of Fig. 2.
a. Description of the action of the ovens without collecting the by-products.
The gases evolved from the coal in the ovens issue from the upper part of
the oven by six openings k, enter the four chambers p, whence they descend
by four openings L and two openings j.
The gases issuing from the two openings L arranged half way in front of
the oven descend by four vertical flues no qr, pass under the floor of the oven
in order to heat this floor and ascend again by four vertical flues d e f g.
In the back half of the oven the gases issuing from the two openings L pro-
vided in this part descend by four vertical flues no qr, in the upper part of the
chamber c, pass by the valve into the lower part of this chamber, whence
they ascend directly by four flues also vertical def g.
The gases issuing from the two openings j mix separately for each half in
front and in rear, of the oven with the gases ascending by the eight vertical
flues d, e, f, g above described: the mixture of the two portions of gas L and j
descends by six vertical flues stu, to pass under the rear part of the floor heating
it; thence the mixture proceeds always separately for each half front and rear
of the oven to the flues furnished with two valves; then into the collecting
channel C and to the vertical chimney. The two valves in the fluer are intended
to regulate the draught in the flues; the one for the gases and the air introduced
in front, the other for the gases and air introduced behind.
On the whole, in the operation without recovery of by products, the arrange-

page_text: ment forming the object of the present invention consists in the passage of the
gas by one range of openings, chambers and vertical flues which allow of obtain-
ing uniformity of heating of the front, the rear and the middle of the oven.
b. Description of both workings of the ovens with collection of the by-
products.
ARRANGEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE Two ACTIONS.
In the action for recovering by-products, a valve is placed on each of the
three openings of the front and a valve on each of the openings k of the rear
of the oven.
These valves when closed prevent entrance of the oven gases
into the flues below.
The gases proceed by draught into the conduits of plate and cast iron placed
above the ovens, which lead them to condensing apparatus. From these
apparatus they return by special conduits "distributing pipes" placed above
the ovens. From these distributing pipes portions of gas are taken out of
each oven to be introduced into the flues of the front and the back and above
the ovens by a, b, j, i in variable quantities regulated by stop cocks.
°
FIRST ACTION.
The introduction of a small portion of gas, as well as of the air necessary
for its combustion, takes place at a. In the half front of the ovens, the gases
descend by four vertical flues n, o, q, r, and pass under the floor by the opening c¹
where these gases meet the gases introduced directly under the floor by open-
ing i.
Together, and after having taken a sufficient quantity of air brought into
these parts by a flue m, these gases ascend the vertical flues d, e, f, g. In the
horizontal flue which in this part of the oven extends above the vertical flues,
they meet a new quantity of gas and fresh air introduced by the openings j:
the air is there distributed by the air-inlet . The gaseous mixture intro-
duced by a, ij descends by the vertical flues tu into the flue under the
floor; then by the flue, furnished with a regulating valve, into the great collect-
ing channel and then to the chimney.
In the rear half of the oven the gases introduced at a descend by four ver-
tical flues n, o, q, r, into the upper part of the chamber w divided into two by
a horizontal partition.
At the end of this chamber the gases descend by the opening into the lower
part of the chamber w where they meet the gases introduced at into this lower
part they ascend together by four flues d, e, f, g. In the horizontal part above
they mix with the gases introduced at j.
This mixture descends by three flues s, t, u, passes under the floor of the
Alue and thence by the flue, provided with a regulating valve to the collect-
ing channel C and the vertical chimney.
SECOND ACTION.
In this second action the valve c is raised.
In front of the ovens, the introduction of the gases and air for combustion
takes place at into the chamber f¹ in the lower end part. The gases ascend
by four flues n, o, q, r, pass along above the vertical flue and meet the gases
introduced at i. The gases by i ascend by four vertical flues d, e, f, g, after
having received the air necessary for their combustion by the channel m.
The mixture of the gases band meets the gases introduced at ; having
received the air for combustion by the air inlet a¹.
The mixture of the gases b, i, and j, descends again by three vertical
flues s, t, u, passes under the floor and thence to the flue provided with a
regulating valve to the collecting channel C and the vertical chimney.
At the rear of the ovens the gases are introduced at b into the upper part of
the flue, the valve being held up at the opening . At the same time as the

page_text: air of combustion the gases ascend by the four vertical flues n, o, q, r, and pass
along the upper part above the vertical flues.
The gases introduced at i with the air for their combustion pass into the lower
part of the chamber we, ascend by four vertical flues d, e, f, g, till they meet in
the upper part the gases introduced at b.
The mixture of gases band i then meets the mixture of gas introduced at j.
The new mixture of gases b, i, and j, descends by three vertical flues a, t, u,
passes under the floor, thence to the valved flue to the collecting channel C
and the vertical chimney.
Dated this Sth day of August 1899.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
ощец
I, EVENCE NARCISSE COPPÉE, of 71, Boulevard d'Anderlecht, Brussels, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to realise the following conditions:
1. Circulation of the gases permitting the coke oven to act either with or
without the recovery of the by products.
2. Retention of the vertical flues and in general the tried construction of
the usual Coppée oven.
3. Chief introduction of the gases into lower parts of the oven principally
under the floor, in order that the greatest heat may be produced in these parts
and that the heat in the higher parts should not be great enough to decompose
the light oils which are evolved from the coal in the oven.
4. Distribution of the inlets for the gas and air in several places easily acces-
sible, so as to have a uniform heat in the middle and at the end of the ovens.
5. Division of the draught in the flues of the ovens so as to be able to regu-
late at will and separately the draught of the gases and of the air introduced
on the front and on the back of the ovens in these flues.
The new arrangement applicable to the process, both with and without
recovery of by products, is represented in the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the middle partition, Fig. 2 is a
longitudinal section through the coking chamber, Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are
transverse sections on the lines A B, C D, E F, G H, and J K of Fig. 2 respec-
tively; Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are horizontal sections on the lines PQ, L M, N O
of Fig. 2 respectively.
A. Description of the action of the oven without collecting the by products.
The gases evolved from the coal in the oven issue from the upper part of the
oven by six openings k, enter the four chambers p, where they pass by the
horizontal openings and descend in the wall by four openings 7 and two
openings j.
The gases issuing from the two openings arranged in the front part (on the
left hand) of the oven descend in the wall by four vertical flues n, o, q, r, to the
chamber f, pass through c¹, under the floor of the oven by chamber S in order
to heat this floor and ascend again in the wall by four vertical flues d, e, f, g.
In the back half (on the right hand) of the oven the gases issuing from the
two openings provided in this part descend by four vertical flues n, o, q, r to

page_text: the upper part of a chamber w and thence by which is open to S¹ under the
wall, whence they ascend directly in the partition by four vertical flues d, e, f, g.
The gases issuing from the two openings j mix separately for each half, the
front and the rear, of the oven in the upper part of the wall with the gases
ascending in the wall by the eight vertical flues d, e, f, g, above described;
the mixture of the two portions of gas from and descends by six vertical
flues s, t, u, into the chambers R¹ and R, then pass by flues b and be under the
rear part of the floor heating it, thence the mixture proceeds always separately
for each half front and rear of the oven to the flues y furnished with two valves;
then in to the collecting chamber C and to the chimney.
The two valves in the flue are intended to regulate the draught in the flues;
the one for the gases and the air introduced in front, the other for the gases
and air introduced behind.
On the whole, in the operation without recovery of by products, the arrange-
ment forming the object of the present invention consists in the passage of the
gas by one range of openings, chambers and vertical flues which allow of
obtaining uniformity of heating of the front, the rear and the middle of the
oven.
B. Description of two: modes of working the ovens with collection of the by
products.
ARRANGEMENTS APPLICABLE TO BOTH MODES OF WORKING.
In the workings for recovering by products, a valve is placed on each of the
three openings k of the front and a valve on each of the openings of the rear
of the oven.
These valves when closed prevent entrance of the oven gases into
the flues below.
2'
The gases issuing by T T proceed by draught into the conduits U of plate and
cast iron placed above the. ovens, which lead them to condensing apparatus.
From these apparatus they return by special conduits.“ distributing pipes"
placed above the ovens. From these distributing pipes e portions of gas are
taken out of each oven to be introduced into the flues of the front and the back
and above the ovens by a, b, j, i, in variable quantities regulated by stop cocks.
FIRST MODE OF WORKING.
The introduction of a small portion of gas, as well as of the air necessary for
its combustion, takes place at a. In the front half of the ovens, the gases
descend by four vertical flues n, o, q, r, and pass under the floor by the open-
ing C (Figs. 2 and 9) where these gases meet the gases introduced directly
under the floor by opening i.
Together, and after having taken a sufficient quantity of air brought into
these parts by a flue m, these gases ascend the vertical flues d, e, f, g. In the
horizontal flue V which in this part of the oven extends above the vertical flues,
they meet a new quantity of gas and fresh air introduced by the openings j; the
air is there supplied by the air inlet a¹. The gaseous mixture introduced by a¹
and j, descends by the vertical flues s, t, u, into the flue under the floor; then
by the flue, furnished with a regulating valve, into the great collecting
channel C and then to the chimney.
In the rear half of the oven the gases introduced at a descend by four ver-
tical flues n, o, q, r, into the upper part of the chamber w divided into two by
a horizontal partition.
At the end of this chamber the gases descend by the opening into the lower
part of the chamber where they meet the gases introduced at i into this lower
part; they ascend together in the partition by four flues d, e, f, g. In the hori-
zontal upper part they mix with the gases introduced at j. This mixture
descends by three flues s, t, u, into the chamber R, then passes under the floor
in the flue (Figs. 9 and 10) and thence by the flue v, provided with a regulating
valve to the collecting channel C and then to the chimney.

page_text: SECOND MODE of WorkING.
In this second mode of working, the dampers c which divide the upper hori-
zontal flues, are now raised.
In the front part of the oven the introduction of the gases and air for com-
bustion is at into the chamber f¹ in the lower part of the wall. The gases
ascend by four flues n, o, q, r, pass along the upper part above these vertical
flues, meeting the gases, which, being introduced at i ascend by four vertical
flues d, e, f, g, after receiving the air necessary for their combustion by the
flue m.
The mixture of the gases from band meets the gases introduced at j
mixed with the air for combustion entering by the inlet w. The mixture of the
gases from b, i, j, descends again by three vertical flues s, t, u, passes under the
floor, thence through the flue to the flue provided with a regulating valve
and then to the collecting channel C and the chimney.
At the rear of the oven the gases are introduced at 6 under the wall into the
upper part of the flue we, the valve now covering the opening . At the same
time with the air for combustion, the gases ascend by the four vertical
flues n, o, q, r, and pass along the upper part V of the wall above the vertical
flues. The gases introduced at with their air for combustion pass into the
lower part of the chamber we, ascend by the four vertical flues d, e, f, g, until they
meet the gases introduced at b, the meeting taking place in the upper part V
of the wall.
The mixture of gases from 6 and then meets the mixture of gas and air
introduced at j. The new mixture of gases from b, i, j, descends by three
vertical flues s, t, u, to R under the floor, thence by the flue 62 to the flue v pro-
vided with regulating valve to the collecting channel C and the chimney.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
:-
1. A coke oven having vertical flues in its walls, horizontal flues under its
floor and above its ceiling, and valved openings arranged and operating as and
for the purposes set forth.
2. The mode herein described of operating the oven without recovery of by
products.
3. The modes herein described of operating the oven for recovery of by
products.
Dated this 20th day of
1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.