Improvements in and relating to Grinding and Mixing Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 30th June, 1890-Accepted, 2nd Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Grinding and Mixing Machines.
We, THOMAS TORRANCE, and JOHN ROWLAND TORRANCE, of The Bitton Engineering
Works, Bitton, in the County of Gloucester, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in grinding and mixing machines as
employed in the manufacture of oil paint, white lead, putty, chemicals dry-salter's
goods, sugar, cocoa, and similar articles of commerce that require grinding and
mixing.
In carrying our invention into effect we employ a pan, which is formed so as to be
perfectly true interiorly, and a roll to correspond thereto, said roll traversing a circular
path around the pan when working. Motion is imparted to the roll by means of an
upright or vertical shaft, driven by suitable gearing arranged under the pan. We
also arrange the mechanism so that said roll is independently rotated, by means of
suitable gearing upon the vertical shaft before referred to; and does not depend upon
the rolling motion afforded by the circular path within the pan, to cause it to revolve
upon its spindle. We employ a pin toothed wheel upon the roll gearing with a pinion
upon the shaft, and support the horizontal spindle of said roll by and within a suitable
jointed head upon said vertical shaft, to which is attached a raising and lowering
device, controlled by a hand wheel, with a worm and worm wheel for raising the roll
above the pan so that it is perfectly parallel to the bottom of said pan at any degree
of elevation.
We also employ doctors, scrapers or guide plates, attached to the revolving head,
with springs and guard plates, so that these may precede and follow the path of the
roll around the pan.
The chief features of our said invention consist in the independent driving of the
roller, so as to prevent slipping, and a perfectly parallel adjustment of the same-and
the doctors, scrapers or guide plates as before referred to.
Dated this 24th day of April 1800
FREDK. WALKER & HYDE,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, E.C., Agents for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Grinding and Mixing Machines.
We, THOMAS TORRANCE, and JOHN ROWLAND TORRANCE, of The Bitton Engineering
Works, Bitton, in the County of Gloucester, Engineers do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
Our invention relates to improvements in grinding and mixing machines as
employed in the manufacture of oil paint, white lead, putty, chemicals, drysalters
goods, sugar, cocoa, and similar articles of commerce that require grinding and
mixing.
In order that our invention may be more clearly understood, we have appended
the accompanying two sheets of drawings, the figures thereof being enumerated
consecutively. Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an improved machine according
to our invention, and Figure 2 is a plan of the same. Figure 3 is an end elevation
of a modification thereof, and Figure 4 is a side elevation of the same. Figure 5 is
a sectional view of a portion thereof, shewn detached, and Figure 6 is a plan of the
jointed spindle appertaining thereto. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts throughout the several views.

page_text: In carrying our invention into effect, we employ a pan A, formed so as to be
perfectly true interiorly, and mounted upon a suitable base B. A roller C is made
to correspond to the interior of the pan A so that it may describe and traverse a
circular path around said pan when working. A vertical shaft D, supported
by a footstep bearing E, and a bearing F formed in the centre of the pan A,
(which is raised above the level of the bottom) is driven by means of the bevil
wheels G, H from the horizontal shaft 1. Said vertical shaft D carries a slotted head,
in which the spindle K, upon which the roller C rotates, is free to move in a vertical
direction, the portion of said spindle within said head being made flat for that purpose.
The end of said flat portion is slotted at a so as to permit of a certain degree of
parallel vertical movement upon the pin b. Said parallel vertical movement is
accomplished by an adjusting device, consisting of two eccentric. sheaves c c¹,
the surfaces of which bear upon the upper and lower surfaces respectively, at
opposite ends, so that the weight of the roller C is practically borne by said sheaves.
The shafts upon which the sheaves c care attached, pass through the head J, and
are sufficiently extended upon one side to allow of the attachment of a worm wheel
to each shaft, shewn by the dotted outline on Figure 1, and by d d', Figure 2. Or
shaft or spindle e, supported by an angular bracket attached to, or cast upon the
head J, carries two worms, or endless screws, gearing into the wheels d d. A hand-
wheel is provided for the purpose of effecting the adjustment of the height of the
roller above the bottom of the pan A. When the hand wheel is turned in one
direction, the eccentric c¹ raises the shaft K, and as the eccentric c is at the same
time rotated in the same direction, and the weight of the roller C at all times keeps
said shaft K in contact with both eccentrics, it follows that the raising and lowering
is perfectly parallel with regard to the surfaces of said roller and the pan in which
it travels. In order to make the rotation of the roller C perfectly independent of the
frictional contact between it and the substance to be mixed or ground, or the bottom
of the pan, and thereby prevent slipping, we provide a circular toothed rack L,
rigidly attached to the raised central portion of the pan A. A pin toothèd wheel M
is attached to the inner face of the roller C, so that it gears with the rack L, and
thus, while the movement of the roller C around the pan A is determined by the
rotation of the head J, the corresponding rolling, or rotary motion of C is at the
same time performed by the rack L and toothed wheel M. These may, if required
be differentially pitched so as to facilitate the operation of grinding by "lagging"
or "racing," relatively to the circumferential speed of the roller if it were simply
allowed to roll around the pan. The shape of the teeth or cogs upon the wheel M
admits of the vertical adjustment by the hand-wheel hereinbefore described, and also
any irregular movement caused by lumps or large pieces of the substance that is to
be ground or mixed. Such irregular movement of the roller C is perfectly com-
pensated independently of the eccentric sheaves c c¹, by means of the travel of the
slot a upon the pin b.
An important feature of our invention is the provision of doctors, scrapers, guide
plates, or turners for distributing or mixing the substance or material in the pan A,
so that it becomes thoroughly incorporated, or ground. One of said doctors or
scrapers, N is arranged so as to scrape the central portion of the pan, and turn or
divert the mass of material there collected toward the centre of the path of the
roller C. The stem i, carrying the doctor or scraper N is pivotted at g within a
bracket O, attached to the head J, and a spiral or other spring h admits of an elastic
but continuous pressure being maintained laterally against the pan, while a second
spring pressing against the boss of the doctor N allows a corresponding elastic
pressure to be maintained against the bottom of said pan. A transverse spindle or
shaft P is firmly fixed to the head J, and carries an adjustable guide plate or turner Q
which is shaped somewhat after the fashion of a ploughshare, and may be adjusted to
any required position upon the spindle P by means of the sliding holder and the
set screws m, m¹. The function of this guide plate or turner is to divert the ground
or mixed material to both sides after the roller has pressed it, or in other words, to
follow the roller C and make a circular furrow in the material that is undergoing the

page_text: process. At the opposite end of the spindle P, is attached a doctor or scraper R, by
ineans of a holder n, which is also held in position by means of set screws.
The
function of this doctor or scraper is to press against the circumference of the interior
of the pan, and divert or turn the material there collected toward the centre of the.
circular path, in advance of the roller C. We provide a spring o to allow of an
elastic pressure being maintained against the side of the pan, and also a second
spring, (which is not shewn) similarly arranged to the spring, which allows of an
elastic pressure upon the bottom of said pan A. In order to discharge the material
after it has been thoroughly ground or mixed, a slide R' is provided, which perfectly
fits an orifice in the bottom of the pan, situated so that the scrapers and turners
effect a perfect discharge. Said slide may be opened or closed by means of a
screwed spindle S and hand wheel T, or any equivalent device for effecting this
object.
In constructing a larger machine according to our invention, we may dispense-
with the adjusting device for attaining parallelism, and raising and lowering the
roller C, and may adopt the modification shewn by Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, in which
the several parts corresponding to those already described and shewn, are indicated
by similar letters of reference. The spindle K is pivotted at V within the slotted
head J, which is differently shaped to that shewn by Figures 1 and 2, but in every
other respect, is identical therewith. Instead of making the flattened portion of the
shaft K of one continuous piece of metal, we divide it as shewn by Figures 5 and 6,
and join the two parts together by a connecting link U, jointed by pins or the like
at q q. We find in practice that this arrangement allows the roller C to lift freely,
and at the same time preserves parallelism, and the adjusting device is in this case
dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what.
wo claim is;
First. In a grinding or mixing machine the combination of a roller C, pan, A,
parallel adjusting device c c'd d, e, f. Figures 1 and 2 with adjustable and elastic
doctors or scrapers N, Q, R, substantially as herein described and shewn.
Second. In a grinding or mixing machine the construction and employment of a
wheel M, and circular rack L for procuring an independent rotation of the roller C,
substantially as herein described and shewn by the appended drawings.
Third. In a grinding or mixing machine the construction and employment of a.
parallel adjusting device comprising the eccentrics c c', worm gear, shaft and
wheel d d, ef, and flattened shaft K, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described, and shewn by the appended drawings.
Fourth. In a grinding or mixing machine the arrangement and use of a divided
shaft K, connecting link U and head J, substantially as and for the purposes herein
described, and shewn by Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the appended drawings.
Fifth. In a grinding or mixing machine as referred to in the preceding claims,.
the construction and employment of adjustable doctors or scrapers, and guide plates
or turners with springs for lateral and vertical elastic pressures, substantially as and
for the purposes herein described, and shewn by Figures 1 and 2 of the appended
drawings.
Dated this 25th day of June 1890
FREDK. WALKER & HYDE,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.