CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Williams, of Salford, in the County of Lan-
caster, Machinist, and Thomas Parkinson, of Bury, in the same County,
Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING
Sealed the 11th January 1862, and dated the 18th July 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Williams and
Thomas Parkinson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 18th July 1861.
We, PETER WILLIAMS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
and THOMAS PARKINSON, of Bury, in the same County, Cotton Spinner,, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN. IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARDING ENGINES FOR CARDING. COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of separating therefrom the dirt
and extraneous matter contained in cotton and other substances before passing
through the carding engine.
The improvement consists, first, in the novel application of one or more
rollers beneath the "licker-in," such rollers having their surfaces subdivided
by grooves in the line of circumference, and transversely in the line of axis, so
as to form teeth or projections thereupon, which act upon the cotton passing
between them and the "licker-in" in such a manner as to disengage and

page_text: separate the impurities therefrom, which fall into a receptacle provided for the
purpose.
Secondly, the improvement consists in the novel application and use of an
extra card roller or cylinder placed before the usual first top card roller, and
so driven as to cause it to take the cotton from the main cylinder. The cotton
is then taken from the extra roller by the usual first card roller, and fed on to
the main cylinder, by which arrangement a further separation of the dirt is
effected, and the cotton passes thus cleansed through the carding engine as
usual.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Williams and Thomas Parkinson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 18th January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, PETER
WILLIAMS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and
THOMAS PARKINSON, of Bury, in the same County, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Peter Williams and Thomas Parkinson, Her special license that we,
the said Peter Williams and Thomas Parkinson, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Peter Williams and Thomas
Parkinson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING
ENGINES FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition,
amongst others, that we, the said Peter Williams and Thomas Parkinson, by
an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Parkinson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):—
The Invention is designed for the purpose of separating therefrom the dirt
and extraneous matter contained in cotton and other substances before passing
through the carding engine.
The improvement consists, first, in the novel application of one or more
rollers beneath the "licker-in," such rollers having their surfaces subdivided
by grooves in the line of circumference, and transversely in the line of axis, so
as to form teeth or projections thereupon, which act upon the cotton passing
between them and the "licker-in" in such a manner as to disengage and
separate the impurities therefrom, which fall into a receptacle provided for the
purpose.
Secondly, the improvement consists in the novel application and use of an
extra card roller or cylinder placed before the usual first top card roller, and
so driven as to cause it to take the cotton from the main cylinder. The
cotton is then taken from the extra roller by the usual first card roller, and
fed on to the main cylinder, by which arrangement a further separation of the
dirt is affected, and the cotton passes thus cleansed through the carding engine
as usual, and by this means is more thoroughly carded.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about two inches to the foot, and having similar letters of reference marked
upon corresponding parts of the mechanism.
Fig. 1 represents a sectioned view of that portion of the carding engine to
which our Invention is applied; Fig. 2 is a side view of the same, shewing
the arrangement of gearing for actuating the extra rollers; and Fig. 3 is a
detached view of a portion of one of the extra rollers as employed beneath the
"licker-in," shewing the serrated or toothed surface of such rollers.
In Fig. 1 a, a, is the framing of the machine, and b, b, the feeding rollers
delivering the cotton to the "licker-in;" c, and d, d, are the extra rollers
beneath the "licker-in," the teeth or serrations of which act upon the cotton
passing between them and the "licker-in" in such a manner as to cause the
cleansing of the cotton by loosening, separating, and disengaging the leafy and
other impure particles therefrom. The extra card cylinders f and g, forming
the second part of the Invention, effect a further cleansing and combing of
the cotton. The roller f is driven in the direction indicated by the arrow, and
in such a manner as continually to strip the whole of the cotton from the main

page_text: cylinder A; the extra card cylinder 9 (rotating as indicated by the arrow) then
takes the cotton from the cylinder f, and passes it again on to the main
cylinder, which extra process further and materially assists the carding of the
cotton before it passes through the subsequent operations of the machine,
which are conducted in the usual manner.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark, in
conclusion, that we claim,-
First, the novel application, employment, and use of one or more rollers
beneath the "licker-in," having their peripheries serrated or so subdivided as
to produce an uneven pointed surface.
And, secondly, the application of the extra carding cylinders acting in the
manner described, both improvements being designed for the more thorough
cleansing and carding of the fibre under operation, and the whole having
been herein-before described, set forth, and fully exhibited in the Drawings
attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Parkinson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
THOMAS PARKINSON. (L.S.)