AN IMPROVED ADHESIVE SUBSTANCE
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED ADHESIVE SUBSTANCE."-A communication
from abroad by Jules Totin and Auguste Totin, both of Montreuil,
in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 13th April 1869, and dated the 17th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th October 1868.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London; do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ADHESIVE, SUBSTANCE," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Jules Totin and Auguste Totin, both of
Montreuil, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the nanufacture of an
adhesive paste, and consists in causing a liquid solution to be congealed
and cut up in the form of solid leaves or cakes instead of retaining its
liquid form as at present.

page_text: The skins of rabbits are chopped or cut up into small strips or
filaments, placed in a water bath, and boiled; this solution is then
emptied into any suitable vessel perforated at the bottom, so that the
juice or liquid portion of the solution shall flow through the perforations
into a vessel provided for the purpose, and a solution of about 4 parts
of sulphate of zinc to one of alum is added thereto while the said
juice or liquid portion of the before-mentioned solution is still hot.
This mixture is well stirred and passed through a scive, after which
it is emptied into a rectangular or other shaped box in which it is left
to solidify or congeal. Tho congealed mass is then cut in two pieces
and each piece placed in a suitable box where it is again cut up into
thin leaves or cakes of the required size; these leaves or cakes being
afterwards placed on nets where they are left to dry in the open air, or
a stove or other drying apparatus may be employed to hasten the
process.
When the said adhesive substance is required to be used for paper-
hanging, for the manufacture of hats, and some other purposes, the
solution of sulphate of zinc and alum may be dispensed with, and the
juice obtained from the skins alone left to congeal, cut up and dried
as before.
When these leaves or cakes of solidified paste are required for use
they are placed in about five times their volume of cold water, melted
in a water bath and thus converted into jelley; by which processes they
will have absorbed about eight times their volume of water, and are
then ready for any purpose for which paste is ordinarily used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th April 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123, 3
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the

page_text: thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes,
Her special licence that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED ADHESIVE SUBSTANCE," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Jules Totin and Auguste Totin, both of
Montreuil, in the Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or ad-
ministrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of an
adhesive paste or gum, and consists in causing a liquid solution to be
congealed and then cut up in the form of solid leaves or cakes and
stored for use instead of retaining and using it in a liquid form as at
present.
The skins of rabbits are chopped or cut up into small strips or
filaments, placed in a water bath, and boiled; this solution is then
emptied into any suitable vessel perforated at the bottom, so that the
juice or liquid portion of the solution shall flow through the perforations
into a vessel provided for the purpose and a solution of about 4 parts
of sulphate of zinc to one of alum is added thereto while the said
juice or liquid portion of the before-mentioned solution is still hot.
This mixture is well stirred and passed through a seive, after which
it is emptied into a rectangular or other shaped box in which it is left
to solidify or congeal. The congealed mass is then cut in two pieces

page_text: and cach piece placed in a suitable box where it is again cut up into
thin leaves or cakes of the required size; these leaves or cakes being
afterwards placed on nets where they are left to dry in the open air;
or a stove or other drying apparatus may be employed to hasten the
process.
When the said adhesive substance is required to be used for paper-
hanging, for the manufacture of hats, and some other purposes, the
solution of sulphate of zinc and alum may be dispensed with, and the
juice obtained from the skins alone left to congeal, cut up and dried
as before.
When these leaves or cakes of solidified paste are required for usc
they are placed in about five times their volume of cold water for
eight or ten hours, then melted in a water bath, and thus converted into
jelly, by which processes they will have absorbed about eight times
their volume of water and are then ready for any purpose for which
paste or gum is ordinarily used.
The following are about the proportions required for the different
purposes: For picture framers and gilders, 1 kilogramme (about 2 lbs.).
of dry gum or paste is to be dissolved in 10 litres (about 2 galls.) of
water, and for other purposes 1 kilogramme (about 2 lbs.) of the
adhesive substance should be dissolved in from 12 to 25 litres (from
about 3 to 5 galls.) of water.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention,
I claim, the manufacture of the adhesive substance and its application
to various useful purposes, as herein described and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of April,
in the year of our Lord 1869.