A New or Improved Apparatus or Means for Observing from or Transmitting to a Distance Indications or Measurements taken by Thermometers, Barometers, Hygrometers, Speed Indicators, or other like Measuring Instruments or Apparatus.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 28th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 28th June, 1887.
A New or Improved Apparatus or Means for Observing from or
Transmitting to a Distance Indications or Measurements taken
by Thermometers, Barometers, Hygrometers, Speed Indicators,
or other like Measuring Instruments or Apparatus.
I PAUL MOENNICH of Rostock in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin,
German Empire do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
At the station or place where the measuring instrument is located whose indications
are to be transmitted to a distant station or post of observation there are provided
two unequal bobbins or coils of wire. The larger bobbin or coil is fixed or stationary
and the smaller bobbin or coil is arranged inside the larger and is capable of turning
easily on an arbor or axis lever and a needle or index are connected to the axis of the
small coil. The measuring instrument or apparatus (such as a thermometer or a
barometer for example) acts circularly by means of the lever upon the small coil in
such a manner that the movements of the said instrument alter the position of the
small coil relatively to the large coil.
The position of the two coils relatively to one another and consequently the cor-
responding condition of the measuring instrument can be ascertained from the post
of observation as hereinafter described.
At the post of observation there is provided a system of coils similar to that operated
by the measuring instrument or coil and an index or pointer is connected with the
smaller or moveable coil.
When electric currents of short duration following one another in quick succession
are sent from the post of observation through the two fixed (primary) coils by the
aid if desired of a suitable induction apparatus continuous induced currents will be
set up in the two moveable (secondary) bobbins or coils and the strength of these
induced currents will depend upon the position of the secondary coils relatively to the
primary coils. In all cases however when the two secondary coils assume the same
position relatively to the primary coils the two currents of induction will be of equal
strength or intensity. The actual position of the coil or bobbin at the measuring

page_text: instrument station can consequently be ascertained at the post of observation by simply
turning the moveable coil or bobbin at the post of observation until equality is established
between the two induced currents. The index then marks the division of the scale
on the dial which corresponds to the actual position or condition of the measuring
instrument or apparatus.
A telephonic apparatus is employed to ascertain when the currents are equal. The
currents from the two secondary coils are caused to pass through the telephonic
apparatus in opposite directions and when the two induced currents are equal the
telephonic apparatus is silent but when there is the slightest difference between them
it emits a sound.
It is evident that the relative position of the coils of wire may be changed in other
ways than by turning or rotating them. A parallel or rectilinear motion for example
is more convenient in the case of certain measuring instruments. In transmitting
to a distance indications or measurements of speed such as the indications of an
anemometer the coils are preferably moved by means of a centrifugal regulator or
governor apparatus.
Dated this 20th
A 1000
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said Paul Moennich.

page_text: A New or Improved Apparatus or Means for Observing from or
Transmitting to a Distance Indications or Measurements taken
by Thermometers, Barometers, Hygrometers, Speed-indicators,
or other like Measuring Instruments or Apparatus.
I, PAUL MOENNICH of Rostock in the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin,
German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
According to this Invention, the indications given by measuring instruments
or apparatus, such as thermometers, barometers, hygrometers, speed-indicators and
the like, are enabled to be ascertained from a distance by causing the changes in the
condition of the measuring instrument to produce corresponding changes in the
relative positions of two Electrical Conductors, one of which acts inductively upon
the other. Both of these conductors extend to the distant post of observation,
where the relative positions of the conductors at the measuring instrument, and
consequently the condition of the measuring instrument itself can be ascertained by
simply adjusting the conductors at the said post of observation until they occupy
relatively to one another the same position as the corresponding coils at the measuring
instrument.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same with reference to the accompanying diagram
which represents an arrangement of apparatus acting according to the principle of my
Invention.
At the Station A where the measuring instrument is located whose indications are
to be electrically transmitted to a distant Station B there are provided two unequal
bobbins or wire coils A¹ and A². The larger bobbin or coil A¹ is fixed or stationary
and the smaller bobbin or coil A2 is arranged inside the larger and is capable of
turning easily on an arbor or axis a. A lever hand a needle or index Z are connected
to the axis a and turn with the coil A². The measuring instrument or apparatus such
as a metallic thermometer or a mercurial or aneroid barometer for example) not shown
in the drawing acts through the lever h upon the coil A2 in such a manner that the
movements of the said Instrument alter the position of the small inner coil A² relating
to the large outer coil A¹.
The position of the two coils relatively to one another and consequently the
corresponding condition of the measuring instrument can be ascertained from the
post of observation as hereinafter described.
At the Station B there is provided a system of coils similar to that at A and
consisting of a fixed bobbin or coil B 1 and a moveable coil B 2 connected to an index
or pointer Z 1. When electric currents of short duration following one another in
quick succession are sent from the Station B by means of conductors L through the

page_text: two fixed (primary) coils A 1 and B 1 by the aid if desired of an induction apparatus J,
continuous induced currents will be set up in the two moveable (secondary) bobbins
or coils A 2 and B2 which are connected by conductors Mand the strength of these
induced currents will be regulated by the position of the secondary coils relatively
to the primary coils.-In all cases however when the two secondary coils A 2 and B 2
assume the same position relatively to the two primary coils A 1 and B 1 the two
currents of induction will be of equal strength or intensity.-The actual position of
the coil or bobbin at the Station A can consequently be ascertained at the Station B
by simply turning the coil or bobbin B 2 on the axis 6 until equality is established
between the two induced currents at A and B.-The Index Z 1 then marks the division
of the scale which corresponds to the actual position or condition of the thermometer
or other measuring Instrument at A.
A telephonic apparatus T is employed to ascertain when the currents are equal.-
The currents from the two secondary coils are caused to pass through the telephonic
apparatus in opposite directions and when the two induced currents are equal the
telephonic apparatus is silent but when there is the slightest difference between them
it einits a sound. It is evident that the relative position of the coils of wire may be
changed in other ways than by turning or rotating them, as in the arrangement
illustrated. A parollel or rectilinear motion for example is more convenient in the
case of certain measuring Instruments.
In transmitting to a distance indications or measurements of speed such as the
indications of an anemometer for example the coils are preferably moved by means of
a centrifugal regulator or governor apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. A new or improved apparatus or means for observing from or transmitting
to a distance the indications of thermometers, barometers, hygrometers, speed
indicators or other like measuring Instruments or apparatus wherein variations in the
condition of the measuring Instrument change the relative position of certain electric
conductors between which induction takes place and the corresponding variations thus
produced in the strength of the induced current are utilised for ascertaining the
condition of the measuring Instrument substantially as hereinbefore described.
Second. Ascertaining the condition of a measuring Instrument at a given Station
(such as A.) from a distant place of observation (such as B.) by the aid of an apparatus
consisting essentially of electrical conductors acting inductively upon each other and
whose relative positions at the place of observation can be altered in such a manner
that the actual condition of the measuring Instrument can be ascertained by adjusting
the relative position of the Conductors until the induced current produced at the place
of observation is of the same strength as that produced in the Conductors acted on
directly by the measuring Instrument substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The arrangement of apparatus for obtaining the effects referred to in the
preceding claims and wherein the indications of the measuring Instrument are
transmitted from a Station A to a distant Station B by means of induced current
produced at A substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
Dated this 28th day of May 1887