matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sibley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th August 1866.
I, JOHN SIBLEY, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON
OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates more particularly to that class of spinning machinery
called "Dyer's tube frames," and in which the sliver of cotton or other fibrous
material is passed through a revolving smooth bore cylindrical tube on its way
to the receiving bobbins.
And the improvements consist in a novel construction and formation of tube
mounted in suitable bearings, and which when revolving effects upon the
sliver of cotton or other fibrous material passed through the same a perfect
twist. The peculiar formation of this tube may be thus described :-The
tube through which the cotton is caused to pass on its way to the receiving
bobbins has a conical formation, the interior cone-like surface of which is
composed of a series of spiral grooves or recesses, the action of which upon
the cotton submitted to its action when revolving gives a twist to the same
which is delivered from the tube on to the receiving bobbin; the cotton
freely enters the tube at its widest diameter, and becomes in its progress
through the same gradually compressed by the spiral grooves, which carrying
it round delivers it at its narrowest end in a twisted state on to the receiving
bobbin.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Glenton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th November
1866.
I, SAMUEL GLENTON, of Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FURNACES
OF STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the more thorough combustion of the fuel
used in the furnaces of steam boilers, and consists chiefly in the peculiar con-
struction of the bridge, which may be termed a hollow one, as I insert a plate
in the brickwork of an ordinary bridge (when the same is constructed of
bricks), the upper surface of such plate being on a level with the fire-bars, the
ends of which rest upon it. In this plate I cast or form a slot or hole in the
direction of its length, that is, running transversely or across the flue, and, say,
three-fourths of the width of the flue at the part where it is placed; I then
build upon the plate all round the hole to the required height of the bridge.
I have by this arrangement a current of outer or cold air from the lower part
of the flue passing upwards through the hollow bridge and mingling with the
flame and smoke as the latter are passing over the bridge, thereby effecting
the desired result. I admit air through the fire-door by the usual slide-
shutter arrangement, throwing the same to the upper part of the flue by means
of a shield affixed to the door; the dead plate is also perforated for the further
admission of air.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CROCHET NEEDLES AND IN THE HANDLES OF CROCHET NEEDLES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Burgess at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th October
1866.
I, JOHN BURGESS, of the Firm of John Burgess and Sons, of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CROCHET NEEDLES AND IN THE HANDLES
OF CROCHET NEEDLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in applying to cylindrical hollow handles of
crochet needles short hooks or needles made of bone, ivory, glass, ebonite, or
wood. I fix the said non-metallic short hooks in the ends of the said handles
by means of a nozzle piece or cap and cement, or by rivetting otherwise
fastening them; by this means I am enabled to use a short hook of bone,
ivory, glass, ebonite, or wood instead of a long kook and handle in one piece;
great economy in the manufacture of the crochet needles thereby results.
My Invention consists, secondly, of the following improvements in the
handles of crochet needles and in fastening the hooks or needles in crochet
needle handles. I make the said handles of a conical or taper tube, the said
tube being flat or oval in cross section. The said handle is widest at bottom
and gradually tapers to the top or end at which the hook or needle is affixed;
I
by constructing the handles in this way they are held with great ease.
make the said flat or oval conical handles either of sheet metal, paper, or

page_text: leather. In making the said handles of sheet metal I cut out blanks, and by
means of properly shaped dies worked in a press I give the said blanks the
shape required, or the blanks or pieces of metal may be doubled round a
inandril and afterwards pressed into shape. In making the said handles of
paper or leather I cut out blanks or pieces and shape them by folding them
over blocks of the required shape. When the handles are made of sheet
metal the blanks may be impressed with any required ornamental designs
before they are fashioned by the dies. The surfaces of the handles made
either of metal, paper, or leather may be ornamented in any desired way.
When I use steel hooks or needles with the handles made as described I
fasten them to the handles by inserting a piece or plug of wood, bone, or
other material in the end of the hollow handle, so as to fill up the said end,
and I bore a hole in the said piece or plug to receive the hook or needle.
The book or needle is fixed in the plug by cement or by rivetting or other-
wise fastening it. The end of the handle containing the plug is covered by a
metal cap of the ordinary kind. When I use bone or non-metallic kooks or
needles I fix them in the handles by cement and by pressing the metal caps.
upon the hooks or needles.
The improvements described in fixing the hooks or needles in the handles'
made according to my Invention may also be applied to handles of the
ordinary kind.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CUTTING OUT OF BOOTS, SHOES, AND GAITERS OF ALL KINDS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
October 1866.-A communication from abroad by Camille Mouchonay
Sirand, of 89, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD Gedge, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son, of No. 11,
Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CUTTING OUT OF BOOTS, SHOES, AND GAITERS OF ALL KINDS," a communication to
me from abroad by Camille Mouchonay Sirand, of 39, Faubourg St. Martin,
Paris, France, to be as follows:-
The object of the process, the subject of this Invention, is to replace the paper
or pasteboard patterns in actual use around which the cutter traces in chalk
on the leather or on the stuff the piece which he is to cut; it consists in
printing on the stuff itself or on the leather not only the outline of the piece
but also the lines serving for the make, such as the lines of punch holes. This
printing is done by means of blocks in relief constructed in the following
mannner (see Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Sheet of Drawing forming
part of this Provisional Specification).
On a wooden block A, formed of several boards glued together to avoid warping,
is exactly traced the shape of the piece to be reproduced and all the lines which
may be of use in the making, then following the contour of these lines small

page_text: blades of copper B are sunk in the wood, forming a relief on the prepared
surface of the block; these blades being set up a veritable printing block is
obtained from which the pattern is transferred on to the stuff or leather by
the aid of a coloured composition. Differently shaped details may be traced
on the same patterns; for instance, Figure 1 of the Drawing represents the
tracing of a lady's boot to be made with an elastic or to lace at the will of the
workman. In other cases, and especially for leather goods, actual cutting and
punching out tools are used (see Figures 3 and 4) composed of a cutting
edge C and inner points or punches D, which follow the outline of the punch
holes. These cutting tools may operate by pressure or by percussion, and at
one blow cut and pierce the piece so as to guide the maker in his work.
they may in certain cases be replaced by blocks in relief constructed like the
first which only print on the leather. The points of the punch holes are formed.
by equidistant copper wires sunk in and set up at the same time as the outline.
The cutting and piercing is then effected by hand following the tracing.
Lastly, another application of this process is to trace within the pattern, by
the same means. and at the same time that the outline is. traced various
ornamental designs, which whether afterwards punched out or embroidered by.
hand, or whether traced with an indelible composition, economically contribute
to the ornamentation of fancy boots and shoes. This method of tracing may
be extended to gaiters of every description.
AN IMPROVED HARNESS, SADDLE, AND TUGS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Langsford at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th November
1866.
I, HENRY LANGSFORD, of Bishopsgate Street, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED HARNESS,
SADDLE, AND TUGS," to be as follows:-
My improvement consists in forming saddle-trees with a fixed metal back
band into which tug eyes are screwed, provision being made for adjusting the
position of the said tug eyes higher or lower by two or more holes in the said
metal back band.
By this improvement loose back bands are entirely dispensed with, and the
saddles and saddle-trees may be varied in shape as required.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR CLEANING GLASS AND OTHER SMOOTH AND BRIGHT SURFACES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Brough Berrey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th December 1866.
I, WILLIAM BROUGH BERREY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR CLEANING GLASS AND OTHER SMOOTH AND BRIGHT
SURFACES," to be as follows:-
Glass, polished granite, and other stone, gold, silver, and other plate,
machinery, and other smooth and bright surfaces, can be cleaned by the use
of this composition, which is manufactured of three principal ingredients;
first, rottenstone or other pigment or substance, the particles of which are
finely divided; second, whiting or chalk; and, third, liquid ammonia or
ammonia in any other condition. These in equal or other proportions are
taken and well mixed together into a homogeneous stiff paste, water being
added when necessary; in this condition it is ready for use and can be packed
in suitable vessels.
The mode of use is as follows:-Rub it well over the surface to be
cleaned and wipe or rub clean with cloths or pads. In some cases when the
surfaces to be cleaned are very dirty, or much stained, soft soap or a strong
alkali could be added to the composition with advantage.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CANISTERS OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING TOBACCO
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Massey Bancroft at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1866.
I, JAMES MASSEY BANCROFT, of Ashton-under-Lyne in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANISTERS OR RECEPTACLES FOR CONTAINING TOBACCO," to be as
follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of keeping tobacco slightly moist
or damp and preventing it becoming dried, and thereby spoiled, by exposure
to the atmosphere.
The improvements consist in the employment and use of an internal cell or
receptacle for the tobacco, which is enclosed within an outer casing, a space
being left between, which is filled with cocoa-nut fibre or other material which
is a good non-conductor of heat, and this space is enclosed at the top by
bending and soldering or securing the upper edges of the two cells together,
so that the inner cell or tobacco receptacle is surrounded with a coating of
non-conducting material, by which means the tobacco may be kept much
longer in the canister so formed than in any other without detriment. The
top of the inner cell is closed by a hinged lid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR RIPPLING OR SEEDING FLAX
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
December 1866.-A communication from abroad by Baron Woldemar
Von Loewis, of Menar, of Panten near Riga, in the Empire of
Russia.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR RIPPLING OR SEEDING FLAX," to be as follows:-
These improvements have reference to an Invention of "An Improved
Machine or Apparatus for Rippling or Seeding Flax," for which Letters
Patent have been granted to me, and bearing date the 23rd April, 1866,
No. 1148, being a communication to me from abroad by Woldemar Von
Loewis, of Menar.
Instead of constructing the revolving sickle-shaped prongs and connecting
them to the revolving shaft of the machine in the manner described in the
Specification to the said Letters Patent they are constructed and arranged as
follows:-Upon the revolving shaft is fixed a wheel or disc similar in form to
a fly wheel, and on the rim of this are fixed the rows of sickle-shaped-prongs,
of which every alternate prong in each row is formed with an increased cur-
vature at the back in such a manner that they project beyond the backs of the
other alternate prongs, thereby forming a kind of space or passage between
the inner edges of the former and the outer edges of the latter. By this

page_text: arrangement the liability of the prongs to get choked up with the seed pods,
as was the case with the former arrangement, is effectually obviated.
It is preferred to fix six rows of prongs upon the disc in place of only four,
as previously described, although four, and even three only, may also be
employed. As mentioned in the previous Specification, two sets of the
revolving prongs may be arranged side by side on two discs in one and the
same casing. In place of forming the top of the casing semicircular so as to
correspond with the path of the prongs, as previously described, it is formed
straight at the top, with sloping corners, in order to prevent the seed pods from
being thrown out.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIANOFORTES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Brockbank at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
September 1866.
I, GEORGE HENRY BROCKBANK, of Great College Street, Camden Town,
in the County of Middlesex, Pianoforte Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PIANOFORTES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
pianofortes, and relates to the method of jointing the hammer butts to their
rail, and also to the method of jointing the levers and also the dampers to their
respective rails. For the purpose of jointing the hammer butts to their rail
I cause the wire which forms the axis of the series of hammer butts to be
held between two rows of pins, by preference of wood, driven into a wooden
rail, so that between each hammer butt and the next the wire or axis is firmly
nipped between two of the pins. One row of pins is fixed in the main portion
of the rail and the other into a moveable slip secured to it by screws so as it
were as to become a part of it. The method of construction I adopt is as
follows:-I bore two parallel rows of holes in the wooden rail with, say, a
sixteenth of an inch interval between the rows, and the holes are bored opposite
to each other. Wooden pegs are driven into these holes and firmly glued,
then a strip with one of the rows of holes on it is sawn or cut off the rail, the
saw or tool passing between the two rows of pegs just touching them on each

page_text: side; then when the parts are properly fitted the wire or axis of the hammer
butts is put into its place, resting on the sides of the pins on the main portion
of the rail, and it is secured by replacing the strip previously cut off and fixing
it by screws. The joints of the levers and of the dampers are constructed in
the same way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KITES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Hoffinan and
George Rowe Wilson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 15th August 1866.
We, JOHN WILLIAM HOFFMAN, Gentlemen, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, and GEORGE ROWE WILSON, India-rubber Manufacturer, of the same
Place, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN KITES."
This Invention is for an improvement in kites by means of forming a double
surface of india-rubber sheeting, or other suitable material, fastened at the
edges or otherwise by gums or other like material, so ensuring the necessary
flatness, yet admitting of being inflated with common air or gas without
impeding the action of the wind in forcing the kite upwards; this double
surface is kept at a stretch in the form of a kite or other figure or shape by
two or more cross bars of steel or any other suitable material, which can be
folded up, expanded, or shortened by the use of rivets or hinges or otherwise,
and for the fastening of which to the body of the kite or other figure loops
or bands are provided; on the withdrawal of such cross bars the kite can be
folded up so as to be carried in a pocket or small bag.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM PUMPS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Reade at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th July 1866 —
A communication from abroad by Heny S. Lansdoll, of the City of
Jersey, in the State of New Jersey, one of the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM READE, of No 4, Clayton Square, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM PUMPS," the same being a communication to me fiom
abroad by Deny S Lansdell, of the City of Jersey, in the State of New
Jersey, one of the United States of America, to be as follows
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of steam pumps,
called steam syphon pumps, for which Letters Patent were granted to
William Edward Newton, of date the 23rd day of January, A D. 1864,
No 198
The object of the said improvements is to effect by the employment of
the same volume of steam at like pressure the raising of a large quantity of
water than could be raised by pumps, constructed in accordance with the
Specification of the Invention patented as above mentioned, and this, that is
the raising of a large quantity of water is effected by employing for each
pump two or more supply pipes instead of one connected or opening into the
steam chamber or vessel, such steam chamber or vessel and the steam and

page_text: .S
delivery pipes being constructed as described in the Specification above
mentioned. Or an approximate result is obtained by making from one
supply pipe two or more openings or connections into the steam chamber or
vessel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MATTRESSES AND PAL- LIASSES AND SEATING FOR USE IN NURSERIES AND HOSPITALS AND BY INVALIDS, AND FOR OMNIBUS OR ANY OTHER SEATING EXPOSED TO WET BY WEATHER OR OTHERWISE
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Dummere at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
January 1866.
I, STEPHEN DUMMERE, of Windsor Road, Ealing, in the County of
Middlesex, and formerly of Kent Lodge, Hampstead, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATTRESSES AND PAL-
LIASSES AND SEATING FOR USE IN NURSERIES AND HOSPITALS AND BY INVALIDS, AND
FOR OMNIBUS OR ANY OTHER SEATING EXPOSED TO WET BY WEATHER OR OTHERWISE,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed to prevent (in the case of young children
and invalids) the inconvenience and injury to health arising from wetting
the couch. It consists of a recess, made of japanned tin or other suitable
material, let into a portion of the palliasse below as a receptacle, and im-
mediately above such receptacle a corresponding portion of the mattress is
covered with a waterproof material, distributed over the surface of which are
a suitable number of perforations to convey the liquid at once through the
mattress, which is thus always kept perfectly dry. By the use of metal or
other eyelet holes, which indent the surface of the said mattress in the
manner of tufts in stuffing sofas or chairs, any liquid must immediately fall
through the eyelet holes into the pan in the palliasse beneath, and can be
removed at pleasure.

page_text: Further, this Invention is designed for ensuring dry seating on
omnibusses, public or private conveyances, steam and pleasure boats, or
any other places exposed to wet by weather or otherwise, and having no
level or absorbent surface always to be self-draining.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING AND CLEANING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Alton Calvert at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
December 1866.
I, FRANCIS ALTON CALVERT, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR CARDING AND CLEANING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention is applicable to the carding engines now in
use, and consists in an improved mode of stripping the fibres from the main
cylinder, by which the usual doffer and doffing comb are dispensed with.
In performing my Invention I apply to the main cylinder of the carding
engine a stripping roller covered with fine card teeth or other suitable
stripping agents; the surface speed of this stripping roller is greater than that
of the main cylinder, consequently the action of the stripping roller removes
the fibres from the main cylinder and deposits them on to an endless apron or
on to an inclined surface or otherwise.
The second part of my Invention consists of an improved instrument
applicable to carding engines for stripping and collecting the dirt from the
main cylinder; this instrument is a cylinder or polygon with several compart-
ments on its surface like the buckets of a water wheel. The edges of the
buckets are set close to the teeth of the wires on the main cylinder, and as
the cylinder revolves catch the dirt projecting from the teeth; these buckets
discharge themselves as the instrument revolves slowly on its axis.

page_text: The last part of my Invention is applicable to the machines for cleaning
fibrous substances for which Letters Patent were granted to me on the
Twenty-fourth March, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, No. 869,
and it consists in giving an oscillating motion to the comb bars instead of an
up-and-down motion, as described in the Specification of the said Patent; this
oscillating motion is given from the point of the teeth of the said comb bars,
and by it the combs are set, first to catch the impurities and entangled fibres,
and afterwards to allow the same to be carried forward by the teeth of the
drum or cylinder. The oscillating motion is given to the comb bars by a
vibrating lever or other equivalent agent.
The first and second parts of my Invention, above described, are also applicable
to the machines for cleaning fibrous substances patented by me on the Twenty-
fourth March, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, No. 869.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR STOPPING OR CLOSING VESSELS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION, left by, George Davies at the Office of
the Commissioners; of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th November
1866. A communication from abroad by Pierre Labat, Mechanic, and
Bassot Brothers, Merchants, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, GEORGE DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County
of Middlesex, and No. 87, St. Vincent Street, in the City of Glasgow, Civil
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR STOPPING
OR CLOSING VESSELS," (a communication to me from abroad by Pierre Labat,
Mechanic, and Bassot Brothers, Merchants, of Paris, in the Empire of
France,) to be as follows:-
This system of stopping or closing vessels is applicable to all kinds of jars,
flasks, or bottles, and to vessels used in chemical or other experiments or
operations where a hermetically closed cover or joint is required, and possesses
the advantage (hitherto vainly sought) of ensuring perfect hermeticity, at the
same time that the vessel may be opened or closed as often as may be required,
and the cover will always remain as air-tight as at first. This system, which
is capable of numerous applications, is particularly adapted (by reason of its
simplicity and easy management) to closing of all vessels containing substances
or matters which are in daily use, and which if they are not rigorously pro-
tected from the action of the air would infallibly lose their quality, such as
preserves, pomades, medicines, wines, liqueurs, and so forth. The principle
of this Invention comprises a metallic cap or capsule (the form of which may

page_text: be varied), to the lower part of which is secured by its edge a ring of india-
rubber. The capsule is pierced with a hole in the centre in order to give
egress to the air when the capsule is placed on the vessel. This opening is
closed by a screw terminating in a milled button, and a washer of india-rubber
below this button serves to make the joint when the screw is in its place. To
close the vessel the capsule (without its screw) is placed over the mouth
thereof, and the ring of india-rubber bends up all round between the outside
of the mouth and the inside of the cover, the air escaping through the hole
above named; the screw is then inserted and screwed up to the india-rubber
washer. To remove the capsule it is only necessary to pull it upwards. In
closing the ends of cylindrical vessels used for chemical and other purposes
wherein a tube passes through the hole in the centre of the cover the screw
is dispensed with, and the cover is furnished with a neck enclosing the tube,
and the joint between the two is closed by a short tube of india-rubber.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE TREATMENT OF THE SUBSTANCES USED IN THE PURIFICATION OF GAS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
March 1866. A communication from abroad by Herr Doctor Deicke,
of Mülheim, in the Grand Duchy of Baden.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO THE
TREATMENT OF THE SUBSTANCES USED IN THE PURIFICATION OF GAS," to be as
follows:-
The process which forms the subject of the present application for a Patent
bas for its object at a very slight expence and in a very simple manner not
merely to renovate the purifying material used in the manufacture of coal
gas which through continued use has become exhausted, and which material
is formed either by the mixture of a salt of oxide of iron with hydrate of lime
or salt of lime or prepared from oxide of iron alone (Lamings purifying
mass), but to make the same far more effective than it was at first. This
object is effected by the conversion of the free sulphur which has accumulated
The free
in the purifying mass after lengthened use into sulphuric acid.
sulphur which the purifying material extracts from the gas destroys its

page_text: purifying power, but when the sulphur is removed therefrom this power is
renewed, so that the material may be used again and again. By the addition
of metallic iron to the purifying substance when it has become completely
saturated with sulphur the sulphur becomes converted into sulphuric acid
and sulphate, which may be washed out and removed from the purifying
material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Redman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
October 1866.
I, WILLIAM REDMAN, of Bank Foot, Hebden Bridge, in the County of
York, Mule Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON, SILK, AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the self-acting cleaners employed in such
machinery for cleaning the top rollers, and which in consequence of the large
diameters they have hitherto been made (generally about two inches in
diameter) they frequently fall off the rollers on which they should continuously
rest or revolve, and in falling break either the "rovings" or the "ends" or
threads, thereby causing great waste of the fibrous substances and loss of time
in pieceing the broken threads.
Now my improvements consist in making these cleaners not more than one
inch in diameter, whereby they are enabled to keep their place on the rollers
or not fall off; also they work more steadily than heretofore.
By means of this Invention the breakages referred to are prevented,
consequently effecting a saving in the fibrous substances under operation and
an econemy of time and labour in the spinning or working thereof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF TOOLS FOR GRAINING AND PUTTING IN THE 'BATES' OR PORES REPRE SENTING DIFFERENT TIMBERS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Chaloner and James
Billington at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th June 1866.
We, THOMAS CHALONER and JAMES BILLINGTON, of Preston, in the County
of Lancaster, Plumbers, Glaziers, Gasfitters, and House Painters, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF TOOLS FOR GRAINING AND PUTTING IN THE 'BATES' OR PORES REPRE
SENTING DIFFERENT TIMBERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists principally of a roller mounted so as to be capable
of revolving in a frame provided with a suitable handle. The roller may
be all of one piece of the width required, or it may be made in two or more
sections capable of being removed and rearranged or replaced by others.
The circumference of some of the rollers is cut, carved, or otherwise formed
so as to represent the pores or groundwork of the wood to be imitated, and
others are so cut, carved, or formed, as to imitate the pattern, grain, or
flowers of the wood. These rollers may be used for graining wood for
decorative or other purposes, and also for graining paper for paper hangings.
The rollers may be made of metal, wood, cork, gutta percha, india-rubber,
leather, or any other suitable material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS OF ALL KINDS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Berthold Tueski at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th October
1866.
I, BERTHOLD TUESKI, of Jewin Street, in the City of London, Hat
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS OF ALL KINDS," to be as
follows:-
Hitherto it has been the custom of hat manufacturers to make the brim of
a hat of a certain size or breadth, to turn it up to form the curl, and then to
cover such curl and in part the front and back of the brim with silk or other
material. To economize in time and material I propose to form the brim of
the hat at once to the size or breadth absolutely required, and to cut the curl
out of any suitable material; I then affix this separate piece or curl to the
brim either by sewing or by any adhesive material, so that it may form part
of said brim. I cut the curl with a knife made to suit the shape of the intended
curl, or where celerity of work is not an object the material to form the curl
may be cut by scissors or otherwise, and be afterwards formed into curl, but I
prefer to use a proper shaped knife.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR BURNING OR CONSUMING SMOKE, MORE ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO THE FURNACES OF BOILERS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John James Bagshawe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
November 1866.
I, JOHN JAMES BAGSHAWE, of the Thames Steel Works, Sheffield, in the
County of Yorkshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR BURNING OR CONSUMING SMOKE, MORE ESPECIALLY
APPLICABLE TO THE FURNACES OF BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain arrangements and improvements in the
construction of furnaces and fixing of boilers, whereby combustion of the fuel
in such furnaces is rendered more complete, and the smoke or volatile
exhalations are more effectually consumed. In the brickwork or other
material forming the flues of furnaces I build what I term combustion
chambers, into these chambers I conduct atmospheric air, where it is rarefied
by the flame passing through the flues to the chimney. The rarefied air from
the combustion chambers I convey through channels or other suitable
arrangements to the front of the fire in the furnace, and discharge it amongst
the vapours arising from the burning fuel. Further, I form a chamber or
chambers in the ordinary bridge in the furnace, over which the flame passes
into the said chamber or chambers; I admit atmospheric air by means of
openings underneath the fire-bars or other convenient method; the rarefied air
from these chambers I conduct along flues or channels formed on one or both
sides of the furnace, by which means the air becomes still more highly rarefied;
the air thus rarefied I discharge over the upper surface of the fire in the

page_text: furnace. Again, I form small openings in the upper side of the said chamber
or chambers in the bridge, by which provision streams or jets of rarefied air
may be admitted to the under side of the flame in its passage over the bridge.
These arrangements for consuming smoke are very simple and effective, and
can be readily applied to any furnace. I sometimes admit, when thought
desirable, a small portion of cold air into the furnace through the door or
doors, but this forms no part of my Invention, and is not essential to the
working of my arrangements.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN VENTILATORS AND MIRRORS FOR HATS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Boonham Croxall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the 1st
January 1866.
1, JOSEPH BOONHAM CROXALL, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VENTILATORS AND MIRRORS FOR HATS AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE
HEAD," to be as follows:
My improvements in ventilators for hats and other head coverings consist
in making the said ventilators in the following manner :-I cut and raise out
of sheet metal, by means of dies and pressure, a circular disc having a hole in
its middle with four or other number of projecting points around the central
hole, and a cylindrical perforated rim around its periphery, the said cylindrical
part being perforated with a series of holes to permit the passage of air, or
in place of the said perforated cylindrical rim a series of claws may be made
on the outer edge of the disc, air in this case passing through the spaces
between the claws. On the summit of the perforated cylindrical rim a
convex mirror is fixed, the said mirror resting on a shoulder at the top of the
said cylindrical rim. The mirror is fixed by a separate rim, the edges of which
are set or turned over the edge of the mirror and that the cylindrical rim of
the ventilator respectively, or where claws are used in place of the said
cylindrical rim the mirror is fixed by the ends of the claws being turned over

page_text: the edge of the mirror. The mirrors which I prefer to employ are made of
glass having a reflecting surface produced by the process known as "quicking,"
but glass mirrors having reflecting surfaces produced by the ordinary or other
process of silvering may be employed. The ventilator is attached to the hat or
other head covering by means of the lining or tip of the said hat or head
covering, the points described being passed through a hole in the said tip and
clenched by being turned outwards. When a mirror is not required in con-
junction with the ventilator a disc of any non-reflecting or ornamental material
may be substituted for the mirror described. My improvements in mirrors for
hats and other head coverings consist in making them of "quicked "glass, and
in fixing them to the tip or lining of the head covering by means of a metallic
frame nearly resembling the ventilator herein-before described, the mirror
being fixed to the said frame by means of claws or a burnished rim, and the
frame to the lining or tip of the head covering by means of points upon the
under side of the said frame. The mirror frame described may be applied to
mirrors made of silvered glass and to other kinds of mirrors.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND TRACTION ENGINES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles James Appleby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
July 1866.
I, CHARLES JAMES APPLEBY, of the Firm of Appleby Brothers, of Grace-
church Street, in the City of London, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND TRACTION
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist, firstly, in using the grooved wheel frictional
gearing in place of spur gear for transmitting motion to the driving wheels.
This friction gearing works noiselessly, and can be thrown into or out of gear
(by excentric bushes as usual) when working at full speed; thus the full
power of the engine can be developed to start a heavy load before the driving
power is applied to the running wheels.
Secondly, a second pair of friction wheels may be fixed upon the same shaft
as the slow motion wheels and pinions, and when the load is started the
higher speed wheel is thrown into gear and the lower speed wheel out of gear
without stopping or arresting the motion of the train of trucks.
Thirdly, the bearings of the driving wheels are arranged so that whatever
may be the play upon the springs the centres of the gearing wheels and
pinions always remain equidistant, and this arrangement is applicable to
either frictional or spur gear. This is effected in two different ways, either of
which is adopted as circumstances require. In some cases the bearings are

page_text: carried by two links coupled to the supporting springs and pendent therefrom;
these springs will be free to act without imparting any motion to the gearing
wheels and pinion relatively to each other. In other cases the same result is
obtained by allowing the bearings of the driving axle to slide in a quadrant-
shaped horn plate, the curve being struck from the centre of the crank
shaft.
Fourthly, as great lightness is desirable in many cases where the "metals"
are light, or the road of a temporary character, especially when a high speed
is used, I propose to make the engine frame of sufficient length to take a
truck, body, or other receptacle for useful weight, so that this weight might
be used when required to increase the tractive power and dispensed with
when it was not required, as, for instance, when the train of trucks was
running empty.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PRINTING INK
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Holines at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1866.
I, SAMUEL HOLMES, of Lincoln's Inn Fields Chambers, County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF PRINTING INK," to be as follows:-
My object is to take advantage of the intensely black and brilliant qualities
of animal pitch, commonly called bone oil pitch, by using it as an economical
auxiliary to the vegetable or other lampblacks heretofore used in the manu-
facture of printing ink, which application I hereby exclusively claim, as well
as the manner of such use. Bone oil pitch is chiefly developed carbon in a
fine state of division, having diffused through it, and being bound together by
a resinous or bituminous principle which is difficult of solution in varnishes
having an oily base. To extinguish this somewhat insoluble property of the
above-named pitch I submit it to the action of coal naptha of a certain density,
not less than 800 specific gravity, which assisted by heat renders it soluble as
follows: In a pan or still I place about 100 lbs. of the pitch, to which I add
a certain quantity of coal naptha, about twenty gallons, by means of which a
complete solution of the pitch is effected; this may be accelerated by slight
heat and agitation. When quite fluid I add about 18 gallons of the oil usually
employed in the making of printing ink, and blend them by stirring; I next
close the still head, and increase the heat until the naptha is driven off par-
tially or entirely. After cooling the pitch and oil will be found united, when
I add a certain quantity of lampblack, about twenty pounds, to deaden its

page_text: color and give body. After taking the ink from the still, the whole is incor
porated by grinding, which completes the manufacture. It is as well to make
the ink as near the consistency required at once, as it cannot afterwards be
easily thickened, to this end the quantity of oil may be varied, and if found to
dry too rapidly a less drying oil should be used, as some drying effect is due
to the alteration of the pitch and oil by the treatment with naptha.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FRINGES, TASSELS, AND SUCH LIKE UPHOLSTERERS' TRIMMINGS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dixon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th October
1866.
I, GEORGE DIXON, of Chiswell Street, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRINGES,
TASSELS, AND SUCH LIKE UPHOLSTERERS' TRIMMINGS," to be as follows:-
"My Invention consists in placing on to the strands of fringes, tassels, and
such like upholsterers' trimmings a tube or tubes, which may be constructed
of reed, paper, cardboard, or such other light hollow material. On to such
tubes I place silk or thread of any colour or length, and by varying the same
patterns or ornamental designs may be worked. The said tubes are made
to slide upon the strands, so that their exact position may be obtained.
Instead of silk I can use coloured paper, or tinsel, or gold leaf for ornamenting
said tubes.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR JOURNAL BOXES OR BEARINGS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
May 1866. A communication from abroad by William Kinnear, of the
County of Wyandotte, State of Ohio, in the United States of America,
Merchant.
I, JOON HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR JOURNAL BOXES OR BEARINGS," a com-
munication to me from abroad by William Kinnear, of the County of
Wyandotte, State of Ohio, in the United States of America, Merchant, to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar composition for lining or covering
journal boxes or bearings of machinery or mechanism of all kinds, whereby
greater durability and a better rubbing surface are obtained.
According to this Invention it is proposed to make a composition for the
purposes above described by fusing together copper and glass with borax and
prussiate of potash, with or without the addition of lead, according to the
degree of hardness required.
The proportions found to give a good result if intended for light journal
boxes or bearings are as follows:-
Copper
- 1 lb.

page_text: In cases where the journal or its bearings are required to withstand a very
heavy weight, or are subjected to sudden strains or jars, then I prefer to omit
the lead or so much of it as will leave the composition hard enough to
sustain such weights or jars, and in reducing the quantity of lead I increase
the proportions of borax, prussiate of potash, and glass in order to make the
composition harder.
Although I have given certain proportions as answering well in practice,
I do not confine or restrict myself to such proportions, as the essential feature
of this Invention consists in hardening copper for the purpose described by
mixing glass with it in a fused state, and expediting or attaining more perfect
fusion and union by the use of borax and prussiate of potash in the said
composition.
AN APPARATUS FOR THE MORE EXPE- DITIOUS AND EFFECTUAL ATTACHMENT OF SKATES TO BOOTS OR SHOES
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Mole at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th December
1866.
I, CHARLES MOLE, of No. 2, Farringdon Road, in the City of London,
and County of Middlesex, Boot and Shoe Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN APPARATUS FOR THE MORE EXPE-
DITIOUS AND EFFECTUAL ATTACHMENT OF SKATES TO BOOTS OR SHOES," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to enable the skater to attach the skates to
his boots in a much less space of time than is usually occupied by that process,
and also so securely to fasten them as to preclude the possibility of their
becoming accidentally loose or detached, and to enable the wearer thereby
to skate with greater ease and firmness than would be possible with skates
attached in the ordinary manner to his boots. I propose in this my improved
method to have a shallow hollow or cup affixed by screws to the heel part of
the skate. In the back part of the hollow or cup I place a curved strip or
square or other shaped piece of (roughened) steel, brass, or other metal
(which fits into a recess), and to which a screw is attached or loosely rivetted,
the screw being passed through a perforation at the back of the cup is worked
from the exterior thereof. In the front of the cup I place another strip
of metal (curved for round, and straight for ordinary boot heels), and which
is bevelled or sharpened off to an almost cutting edge. When the skate is to
be attached to the boot, the heel of the latter is inserted into the hollow or

page_text: cup of the skate, and by turning the screw the curved or other piece of metal
at the back forces the boot heel against the cutting edge of the opposite strip
of metal, which thereby obtains a firm grip of the front part of the boot heel,
while at the same time the back of it is firmly held by the roughened or spiked
piece of metal behind it, a single strap being then passed over the instep in
the ordinary manner the skate is securely affixed to the boot. Or the curved
or other shaped piece of metal at the back of the heel may be altogether
dispensed with, and in its stead the screw itself be made with a point, so as to
pierce the heel of the boot; and in order to fit more effectually boot heels of
various sizes the front strip, bar, or curve may be made moveable by means
of screws or otherwise.