IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Heinrich Roeckner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th July 1868.
I, CARL HEINRICH ROECKNER, of the Hurtsbourn Paper Mills,
Whitchurch, in the County of Hants, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE
OF PAPER," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention consists, first, in placing an endless cloth under the
wirework where the stuff enters upon it, and by this means retaining
the water in the stuff when it flows upon the wire. This enables the
stuff to distribute itself freely without losing its water too soon, as the
early loss of water prevents a lively circulation, which is a very essential
point to the due interlocking of the fibres, the effect obtained thereby
is the same as that which the vat man desires to obtain by throwing a
wave over the mould in the manufacture of paper by hand.
Secondly. I place suckers or wipers under the wirework to wipe the
water off from its under side; they may be made of india-rubber or any
other suitable material, and act like sponges so as to suck or lead the

page_text: water out of the stuff quickly but not too suddenly. Thus the stuff is
freed from water in a similar manner as in hand made papers; air
suction pumps or boxes act too suddenly and too forcibly.
Thirdly. Where a dandy roller is used I place a sucker or instrument
inside it to take up the water, which enters through the roller and
discharge it at the end instead of allowing it again to flow back through
the roller upon the paper where it disturbs the fibre.
Fourthly. I employ india-rubber to form the surface of the coutch
rollers, or one of them, to save the wire from wear and tear and more
effectually to drive the water out of the paper with the application of
less power.
Fifthly. After the paper has passed between the coutch rolls, instead
of drawing it from the wirework to lead it upon the felts at a point
about level with the axis of the lower coutch roll whereby the tenderly
coherent fibres are unnaturally disturbed, I take the paper from off
this wire at about the point where the wire leaves the lower coutch roll,
at this point also I apply a roller underneath the lower coutch roll, and
this new roll which may run within an endless cloth or felt, or be
covered therewith, receives the paper at about the point where it would
otherwise fall off from the wire. To prevent the water which runs off
the lower coutch roll from injuring the paper I apply a roll at the back
of the lower coutch roll inside the wire so as to stop the descent of the
water and lead it out sideways.
Sixthly. I also use india-rubber for one or all press rolls; these rolls
give with less power a more effective pressure than the metal rolls now s
used, and save the felts from unnatural wear and tear.
Seventhly. The paper when leaving the wet felt is received between
two endless cloths, which are carried over all the drying cylinders in the
same way as the paper, one cloth returning from the top, the other
from the bottom; an endless cloth may also be applied over that press
roll which now runs free.
Lastly. Instead of using the ordinary loose plates of copper and zinc
requiring hand labour for passing them between the glazing rollers, I
propose to fit the latter with endless bands or cylinders of zinc, copper,
or other metal of larger diameter than the said rolls, upon which the
said bands or cylinders are allowed to run freely, and thus the paper
may be passed between them as it now is between the loose plates before
mentioned.

page_text: By applying these several improvements as described when pulp is
run on to the wire it will be discharged as paper off the drying cylinders
without manual assistance being required during any part of the
process.