Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 9th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 12th July, 1887.
I SAMUEL VICKESS of 163 Chatham Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Sugar Refiner do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object is to provide apparatus for simplifing, facilitating, and expediting the
formation of blocks of sugar, and the invention consists in the combination of
novel apparatus for consolidating, transferring, dividing, and drying sugar as it comes
from the vacum pans. Apparatus for consolidating sugar consists essentially in the
combination of a perforated cage or basket free to rotate with movable division pieces.
The front plate or basket or both are detachable and a casing and driving gear of any
usual or suitable construction is provided.
I combine with the casing of consolidating apparatus constructed as above set
forth a hinged cover fitted with ways and valves for directing hot and cold air
and steam or any of them into the interior of the perforated cage or basket.
A further improvement under this head consists in making the perforated cage
taper from back to front in connecting the front plate and division pieces together
and in providing or making the cage or basket with stops to prevent the division
pieces from rotating within the cage. Apparatus for transferring the consolidated
sugar from the rotating cage to the dividing apparatus consists of a device for
gripping the front plate and division pieces or either in combination with apparatus
for withdrawing those parts with the consolidated sugar from the cage. The said
combined apparatus is carried by a frame movable on rails or their equivalents and
consists advantageously of screw grippling jaws and thrust block.
Apparatus for dividing the consolidated sugar consists essentially in the combi-
nation of two pairs of rotating cylinders placed at angles to each other and having
teeth or cutting edges parrallel to their axis with a shoot for conveying the consolidated
sugar from one set of cylinders to the other. The usual or any suitable hoppers
driving gear and delivery ways are provided.

page_text: A further improvement consists in fitting between the two pairs of rolls a box or
tray for receiving or collecting a number of strips of consolidated sugar as it is delivered
from the first pair of dividing cylinders and delivering them end on to the second
pair of dividing cylinders.
Apparatus for drying the consolidated sugar consists in the combination of a series
of endless travelling conveyors one above another within a drying chamber with
movable granulating mills so disposed that the consolidated sugar may be delivered
from belt to belt when cubes or blocks are to be dryed and from belt to mill and mill
to belt when granulated sugar is to be produced.
D0h of Santambon 1984

page_text: I SAMUEL VICKESS of 163 Chatham Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster
Sugar Refiner do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object is to provide apparatus for simplifying, facilitating and expediting the
formation of blocks of sugar and the invention consists in the combination of
novel apparatus for consolidating, transferring dividing and drying sugar as it comes
from the vacuum pans.
Apparatus for consolidating sugar consists essentially in the combination of a
perforated cage or basket free to rotate with movable division pieces. The front plate
or basket or both are detachable and a casing and driving gear of any usual or
suitable construction is provided.
I combine with the casing of consolidating apparatus constructed as above set forth
a hinged cover fitted with ways and valves for directing hot and cold air and steam
or any of them into the interior of the perforated cage or basket.
A further improvement under this head consists in making the perforated cage
taper from back to front in connecting the front plate and division pieces together
and in providing or making the cage or basket with stops to prevent the division
pieces from rotating within the cage.
Apparatus for transferring the consolidated sugar from the rotating cage to the
dividing apparatus consists of a device for gripping the front plate and division pieces,
or either in combination with apparatus for withdrawing those parts with the con-
solidated sugar from the cage. The said combined apparatus is carried by a frame
movable on rails or their equivalents and consists advantageously of screw gripping
jaws and thrust block.
In the accompanying drawings.
Sheet I. Figure 1. is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2. a plan of a centrifugal
machine designed to be used for the consolidation of sugar into slabs and for drying
the same.
Sheet II. Figure 3. is a front elevation of the centrifugal machine and Figure 4. a
plan of one of the division plates placed within the basket of the centrifugal machine
to mould or divide the sugar into slabs of a specified thickness.
Sheet III. Figure 5. is a plan to a large scale of part of one of the division plates
placed within the centrifugal basket and particularly shews one of the stops by
which the plates are guided and kept from rotating within the basket and one of
the distance pieces by which they are kept apart the necessary distance and Figure 6.
is part of a radial section through the centre line y, z, shewing a section through the
basket, top, bottom and division plates, it shews also the guide strips or stops that
are placed within the basket and the mode of securing the plates to the basket.
Sheet IV. Figure 7. is an end elevation of a carriage designed to free withdraw
and carry the movable plates, together with the intermediate consolidated sugar from
the centrifugal machine to the sugar cutters. Figure 8. is a side elevation of the

page_text: same carriage shewing a section of part of the centrifugal machine with basket
plates and sugar. The carriage being attached to the front plate of the series of
plates and ready to free them with their intermediate sugar from the centrifugal
machine-This carriage may be supported upon suspended reels when preferable.
The following figures correspond to like parts in the Drawings-1. body, frame or
stand for the centrifugal machine, 2. centrifugal machine shaft, 3. driving pulley and
breakwheel, 4. casing around the centrifugal machine basket, 5. basket, 6. division
plates placed within basket, 7. front or top plate of basket, 8. hinged cover or door to
centrifugal machine, 9. hot air inlet, 10. moist and cold air inlet. 11. steam cock,
12. pipe to conduct dry moist or cold air or steam into the basket, 13. cone to conduct
air or steam well inside basket, 14. cone to keep air or steam from impinging against
the end of the centrifugal shaft, 15. adjustable bearing, 16. break lever, 17. cover
hinges, 18. pipe for conducting liquor or water within the centrifugal machine,
19. distance pieces secured to the plate immediately below them to keep the division
plates the required distance apart, 20. bolts, three of which secure the series of plates
to the body of the basket whilst the other three unite the series of plates by being
screwed into the bottom plate and its corresponding distance piece, 21. bottom plate,
22. guide strips or stops placed at intervals around the inside of basket, 23. ring
divided into segments going around the body of the bottom of the basket to secure the
perforated plate or wire gauze, 24. perforated plate, wire gauze or equivalent device,
25. right and left hand screw which actuates the levers 26. and 27. keyed on
the shafts 28. and 29. respectively, on the said shafts are secured grabs or clawed
levers 30. 31. 32. 33; 34. is a screw working in a thrust block 35. which pushes
against the shaft of the centrifugal machine when required.
The apparatus is used as follows:-After the cover 8. is raised and the series of
plates are secured within the basket of the centrifugal machine the said basket is
caused to rotate and the masse-cuit or sugar as it comes from the vacuum pan is
poured over the plates within the revolving basket until sufficient is supplied, so that
after shrinkage the sugar is level with the edges of the division plates 6. as shewn,
Figure 8, Sheet IV, the hinged door 8. is then closed and the sugar is treated with
water or liquor through the pipe 18. or with moist air through 10. by taking out the
plug and opening the steam cock 11. If it is necessary to filter the air a pipe is used
to connect the inlet 10. to the filter-After the sugar is sufficiently purged it is dried
by means of hot air being admitted through 9.-The hot air is allowed to play upon
the sugar within the revolving basket until it has acquired sufficient solidity to allow
of removal from the centrifugal machine and being cut into the desired form and size.
On arriving at this point the centrifugal machine is stopped, the hinged door 8. is
raised, and the three bolts 20. which secure the series of plates to the body of the
basket are loosened-The carriage shewn on Sheet IV is then brought forward, the
claw levers 30. 31. 32. 33 are thrown out by the right and left hand screw 25. until
they grasp the front plate 7.; the screw 34. is turned within the thrust block 35.
causing force to be exerted between the shaft of the centrifugal and the series of
plates until they with their intermediate sugar are freed from the sides of the basket;
the basket is tapered so as to allow of easy withdrawal of the contents. The plates
and sugar are then carried by the carriage to the cutters; The remaining three
bolts 20. are loosened, the plates are separated from the sugar and the sugar is passed
to the cutter, after which the plates are cleaned and put together again for the next
vacant centrifugal machine.
Apparatus for dividing the consolidated sugar consists essentially in the com-
bination of two pairs of rotating cylinders placed at angles to each other and having
teeth or cutting edges parallel to their axis with a shoot for conveying the consolidated
sugar from one set of cylinders to the other.-The usual or any suitable hoppers,
driving gear and delivery ways are provided.
A further improvement consists in fitting between the two pairs of rolls a box or
tray for receiving or collecting a number of strips of consolidated sugar as it is
delivered from the first pair of dividing cylinders and delivering them end on to the
second pair of dividing cylinders.

page_text: Figures 9. and 10. Sheet V are elevations at right angles to each other of apparatus
under my invention for dividing slabs of sugar consolidated substantially as herein
before described. 36. 37. two pairs of rotating cylinders carried on bearings at right
angles to each other in the frame 38. The cylinders are made with cutting edges
parallel, 39. shoot down which the sugar slides from the cylinders 36. to the
cylinders 37-39 driving gear, 40. tray on which the strips of sugar leaving the
cylinders 36. are collected. The tray is hinged at 41. at end of the shoot 39. and is
raised periodically by the lever arm 42. as shewn in figure 10. so as to cause the
strips of sugar to slide endwise along the shoot 39. to the cylinders 37.
Apparatus for drying the consolidated sugar consists in the combination of a series of
endless travelling conveyers one above another within a drying chamber with movable
granulating mills so disposed that the consolidated sugar may be delivered from belt
to belt when cubes or blocks are to be dryed and from belt to mill and mill to belt
when granulated sugar is to be produced, or moist sugar dried-These granulating
mills are so made as to allow of them either grinding the sugar passed between them
or merely of their breaking up the sugar that has caked on its being dried from belt
to belt.
Figure 11. Sheet VI is a view illustrative of my improved arrangement of apparatus
for drying consolidated sugar-43. drying chamber heated in any usual or suitable
way. 44. series of endless travelling conveyers, one above another, 45. granulating
mills disposed so that the sugar carried by the highest conveyer is delivered to the
highest mill from which it is delivered to the conveyer next below and so on-
The conveyers and mills are of any suitable construction and are actuated by
convenient power and gear.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed-1 declare that what I claim is :-
First The combination in apparatus for consolidating sugar, of a perforated cage,
with movable division pieces-substantially as set forth.
Second-The combination with centrifugal apparatus for consolidating sugar, of a
hinged cover fitted with ways and valves, for the purpose set forth.
Third Constructing the cage of centrifugal apparatus for consolidating sugar
tapered and with connections and stops for the purpose set forth.
Fourth-The combination with centrifugal apparatus for consolidating sugar of
gripping and transferring apparatus substantially as set forth.
Fifth Apparatus constructed substantially as set forth under Figures 7 and 8 for
the purpose set forth.
Sixth The combination of two pairs of cutting cylinders and a shoot substantially
as set forth with centrifugal apparatus for consolidating sugar.
Seventh-In and by apparatus for cutting sugar comprising two pairs of cylinders
at right angles to each other and a shoot-the combination of a tilting tray for the
purpose set forth.
Eighth Apparatus for drying consolidated sugar consisting of a series of granu-
lating or crushing mills and travelling conveyers within a drying chamber, substantially
as set forth.
Dated this 7th dev of Inne 188z
JAMES JOHNSON,
Patent Office,
4, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Agent.