An Improved Construction or Manufacture of "List" or "Bit" Rugs or Mats.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 15th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Construction or Manufacture of "List" or "Bit" Rugs
or Mats.
We, FRED ARMITAGE and WRIGHT HIRST of the Firm of Armitage and
Hirst of Chapel Hill Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Rug Manufacturers do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to an improved manufacture of "list" or "bit"
hearthrugs or mats, and consists primarily in employing single or double warp for
securing the lists or bits to the rug, which is separate and distinct from the warp
used in weaving the foundation or backing, the introduction of such additional warp
according to our invention enabling bit or list rugs or mats to be woven in and by
power looms.
The additional warp may be wound on the same warp beam as the ordinary
warp, or on a separate warp beam; and two or more ends of same are preferably
arranged together side by side throughout in order more firmly to hold the "lists"
or "bits" introduced by the weaver under the portions of such warp where floated
at intervals on the face of the backing or foundation. The weft employed is also,
by preference, not quite so thick or stout as that usually employed, and, when
woven, gives a much finer foundation or backing.
The additional warp is floated at intervals under one or more shoots of weft to
attach it to the backing, but not forming an essential part of such backing and
therefore appearing but little on the underside thereof, the said backing will stand
considerably more wear and tear than is now the case ere the additional warp can
be worn sufficiently to release the lists or bits of cloth or rags.
The manufacture or construction of "list" or "bit" rugs as set forth enables
us to weave them in power looms which are caused to stop every so many picks, as
previously determined upon, to allow of the weaver introducing the lists or bits
under the additional warp, and when a row of these have been inserted, to proceed
again and weave another short piece of backing, the healds being actuated by a
suitable jacquard or dobby.
Dated this 17th day of April 1896.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Construction or Manufacture of "List" or "Bit" Rugs
or Mats.
We, FRED ARMITAGE and WRIGHT HIRST, of the Firm of Armitage and
Hirst of Chapel Hill, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Rug Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has reference to an improved construction or manufacture of

page_text: "list" or "bit" hearthrugs or mats and consists in employing a separate single or
double warp for securing the lists or bits to the rug or foundation, this warp being
quite distinct from the ordinary warp used in weaving the backing or foundation
and its introduction according to our invention enabling "list" or "bit" hearth-
rugs or mats to be woven, if desired, in power looms, while a stronger and superior
made rug or mat can be obtained and the production increased. The additional
warp may be wound on the same warp beam as the ordinary warp, or on a separate
warp beam; and two or more ends of same are preferably arranged together side
by side throughout in order more firmly to hold the "lists" or "bits" introduced
by the weaver under the portions of such warp where floated at intervals on the
face of the backing or foundation. The weft employed is also, by preference, not
quite so thick or stout as that usually employed and when woven gives a much
finer foundation or backing.
The additional warp is floated at intervals under one or more shoots of, weft to
attach it to the backing but as it forms no essential part of such backing and
therefore appears only slightly on the under surface thereof, such backing will
stand considerably more wear and tear than is now the case ere the additional warp
can be woven sufficiently to release the "lists" or "bits" of cloth or rags.
In order that our said invention may be fully understood reference is hereafter
had to the annexed sheet of drawings forming a part of this specification, in
which-
Fig. 1 is section, taken longitudinally or through the weft, of so much of a
hearthrug or mat as is essential to shew our improvements, and Fig. 2 is plan
thereof.
Referring to the drawings letter a represents the weft threads or shoots and 6 the
ordinary warp threads woven together in the usual manner to form the foundation
or backing c of the rug or mat, the warp being carried alternately over and under
two shoots of weft or under and over other desired numbers of weft shoots as found
most suitable to the rug or mat being woven. d represents the additional warp
which is employed for the sole purpose of securing the "bits" e to the backing or
foundation c, such warp being wound on the same warp beam as the warp 6 or on a
separate warp beam. This additional warp is floated over a pre-determined number
of shoots of weft at suitable intervals apart as indicated at fand is secured to the
backing or foundation c by carrying it under and over the intermediate shoots of
weft either as shewn on the drawings or in any other order of selection so long as said
warp is firmly and securely knitted or woven to the backing c between each float
or loop portion f.
The ends of the said additional warp are arranged at equal distances apart
determined by the fulness or otherwise of the face of the rug to be produced and
such warp may be single, double, or more fold; two or more ends being, by
preference, placed together as shewn in plan Fig. 2 so as to give a firmer hold on
the "bits"
or "lists"
e which are passed, to about half their length, under the
floated portions f by hand in a similar manner to the present method of introducing
such lists or bits of rags or clippings.
As the aforesaid additional warp d forms no essential part of the backing or
foundation of the rug or mat and appears to a very limited extent on the under
surface thereof where it is practically hidden from view or protected from the
floor, it follows that said backing or foundation will stand considerably more wear
and tear before the additional warp thread can be affected and worn through
sufficiently to release their hold upon the lists or bits e whereby hearthrugs or mats
manufactured according to our invention will wear much longer than those of
ordinary manufacture and can be produced more rapidly, at less expense, and of a
superior quality and finish.
We find that the use of weft of approximately half the thickness or diameter of
weft usually employed is an advantage and gives a much finer and firmer foundation
or backing.
The construction or manufacture of list or bit rugs or mats as set forth enables

page_text: us to weave them in power looms, which are caused to stop every so many picks, as
previously determined upon, to allow of the weaver introducing a row of "lists"
or bits under the floated portion of the additional warp and when these bave been
inserted, to proceed again and weave another short piece of backing until the next
floated portion of additional warp appears and so on throughout, the healds being
actuated by any suitable jacquard or dobby.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
Firstly. In the manufacture of "list" or "bit" rugs or mats the employment
of an additional warp or warp threads in the manner and for the purposes
substantially as herein shewn and described.
Secondly. In a list hearthrug or mat, the combination, with an ordinary warp
and weft of approximately half the thickness of the weft usually employed, woven
together in the ordinary manner to form a foundation or backing, of an additional
warp or warp threads floated at intervals over the face of the backing and under
which the lists" or "bits" are inserted and secured, substantially as herein
described.
Dated this 14th day of January 1897.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield, Patent Agents.