IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING COMPASSES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, MICHAEL TURNOR trading as M. Turnor and Company of the European
Works, Icknield Port Road Birmingham, in the County of Warwick Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING
COMPASSES," to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to what are commonly known as Drawing compasses
or instruments having a detachable short leg which constitutes a holder for carrying
a pen, pencil or needle point; and my said invention consists in forming compasses
from sheet metal, and also in the mode of attaching the holder or detachable short
leg, carrying a pen, pencil or needle point to the fixed short leg of the compass.
The compass legs and their joints, are cut out from sheet metal. One of them
is of the full length which is properly shaped and pointed at its ends for sticking
into the paper when used. The other leg is shortened to an extent of about one
third, and this is called the short leg. The end of this short leg is cut slightly
taper or peg like which takes or fits into a socket or sunken recess in the
detachable holder carrying the pen, pencil or needle point as hereinafter described.
The two legs of the compasses are connected together by a rivet passing through
their joints. A supplementary washer being placed on either side for the
thickening of the joint.
.
The holder consists of a piece of sheet metal bent into the desired form, with a
socket or bridged recess in the middle of; and on the back of the said holder, into
which the taper end of the short leg of the compass fits. The socket or recess is
formed by piercing the holder about its middle and slightly sinking the metal on
the sides of the piercings, the, part between the said piercings is raised bridge like
a little above the plane of the holder so as to form a socket above the top of the
holder. The ends of the holder when reversable, are respectively formed into a
barrel for a lead, loose pen or needle point holder. The other end is formed into a
fixed inking pen or other marking or writing instrument as may be required,
or the end may be made into an instrument that shall constitute a marking
instrument and the point of a compass.

page_text: Instead of employing a double sided or duplex holder, a single slip holder may
be employed with like effect, either fashioned into a barrel or other form of holder.
In using the instrument, it is only necessary to insert the holder upon the short
leg of the compass, when a pen, pencil or dividing compass may be produced.
Although I have described that the end of the short length is shouldered or
tapered, yet the said end may be made if desirable without the said shoulder.
When the socket of the holder lies below the plane of its barrel, the end of the
short leg fitting into it is cranked or bent slightly out of its plane and when the
socket is made in a single sided holder, the arched part between the piercing is
bent inwards instead of outwards as previously.
MICHAEL TURNOR.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Drawing Compasses.
I, MICHAEL TURNOR trading as M. Turnor and Company of the European Works,
Icknield Port Road, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer do
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING
hereby declare the nature of said invention for
COMPASSES," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to what are commonly known as Drawing compasses
or instruments having a detachable short leg which constitutes a holder for carrying
a pen, pencil or needle point; and my said invention consists in forming compasses
from sheet metal, and also in the mode of attaching the holder or detachable short
leg, carrying a pen, pencil or needle point to the fixed short leg of the compass.
The compass legs and their joints, are cut out from sheet metal. One of them is
of the full length which is properly shaped and pointed at its ends for sticking into
the paper when used. The other leg is shortened to an extent of about one third,
and this is called the short leg. The end of this short leg is cut slightly taper
or peg like, which takes or fits into a socket or sunken recess in the detachable
holder carrying the pen, pencil or needle point as hereinafter described. The two
legs of the compasses are connected together by a rivet passing through their joints.
A supplementary washer being placed on either side for the thickening of the joint.
The holder consists of a piece of sheet metal bent into the desired form, with a
socket or bridged recess in the middle of, and on the back of the said holder, into
which the taper end of the short leg of the compass fits. The socket or recess is
formed by piercing the holder about its middle and slightly sinking the metal on
the sides of the piercings, the part between the said piercings is raised bridge like
a little above the plane of the holder so as to form a socket above the top of the
holder. The ends of the holder when reversable, are respectively formed into a
barrel for a lead, loose pen or needle point holder. The other end is formed into
a fixed inking pen or other marking or writing instrument as may be required, or
the end may be made into an instrument that shall constitute a marking instru-
ment and the point of a compass.
Instead of employing a double sided or duplex holder, a single slip holder may
be employed with like effect, either fashioned into a barrel or other forin of holder.
In using the instrument, it is only necessary to insert the holder upon the short
leg of the compass, when a pen, pencil or dividing compass may be produced.
Although I have described that the end of the short length is shouldered or
tapered, yet the said end may be made if desirable without the said shoulder.
When the socket of the holder lies below the plane of its barrel, the end of the
short leg fitting into it is cranked or bent slightly out of its plane, and when the
-socket is made in a single sided holder, the arched part between the piercing is
bent inwards instead of outwards as previously.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.

page_text: Figure 1 represents in front elevation a Drawing compass constructed according
to my invention. Figure 2 is a back elevation of the same. Figure 3 represents
the same view as figure 2 with the detachable holder which may carry a pen, pencil
or needle point removed from the short leg of the compass. Figure 4 is a section
on the dotted lines A B figure 2; and figure 5 is a longitudinal section on the
dotted lines CD. Figure 6 represents the holder separately containing a solid lead.
Figure 7 is the blank of the long leg of the compass cut out from sheet metal, and
figure 8 the blank of the short leg, also cut out from sheet metal. Figure 9 is the
blank of the holder.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
a is the long leg, and b the short leg, the latter having a taper peg like end b²,
which takes or fits into the recess or socket c² of the detachable holder c carrying a
solid pencil d. The two legs of the compass are connected together by a rivet e,
and if necessary, by a supplementary washer interposed between the underside of
the rivet head and the compass joint.
The detachable holder c consists of a blank of sheet metal figure 9 bent into the
barrel form as represented, with the socket or bridge recess c³ bent or sunken
inwards, thereby forming a socket like holder wherein the taper end 62 of the short
leg of the compass fits as best seen in the cross sections figures 4 and 5.
Figure 10 represents another form of my invention, in which a reversible detach-
able holder c is employed; that is, the holder carries at one end a pen, and the
other end a pencil crayon or other marking instrument. This holder consists of an
open jointed barrel c³ perfectly tubular at one end which constitute the holding
jaws wherein the pencil fits; while the other end c' is made to receive a pen. This
barrel fits into a socket 62 made by the bending up of the end of the short leg into
an open jointed barrel. Thus in this modification the socket for containing the
lead or pen or the pen alone, is made by the bending up of the metal of the short
leg, instead of the socket being made in the holder, as previously described. So
that a person using the compass has only to determine what instrument he requires,
when by changing the position of the reversible holder, a pen or pencil can be
presented for use.
Figure 11 is a back elevation of the compass figure 10. .Figure 12 shows the
reversible hole detached from the holding socket at the end of the short leg. This
socket is open jointed to admit of the metal yielding upon the holder when placed
within it. Figure 13 is a longitudinal section on the dotted lines E F figuro 10.
Figure 14 is the blank of the long leg, and figure 15 is the blank of the short leg.
Instead of employing a single or double sided holder as previously described, the
pencil or pen may be slipped into or held by the barrel socket b' figure 16, instead of
employing a supplementary holder; that is, figure 16 represents a compass provided
with a holder socket at the terminal end of the short leg. This holder socket is
open jointed and made yielding, so as to clip the object to be held.
Rigidity and strength is given to the legs of the compass by the longitudinal
hollow ribs a³ 63 shaped or raised from the metal.
Figure 17 is an edge view of the compass, and figure 18 is a back view of the
same. The joint of the compass is formed by the closing over of an eyelet c²
instead of by a rivet. The heads of the compass legs are raised into hollow
beadings, which strengthen and give a neat appearance.
In joining the legs together, the eyelet is passed through the piercings in the
heads and closed over, thereby producing the joint or centre upon which the legs
open out.
Figure 19 show the blanks of the legs, and figure 20 the raised blanks. Figure 21
is a cross section of one of the legs taken on the dotted lines G H figure 20; this
section shows the hollow rib which graduates from the joint or head of the com-
pass to the point; thereby imparting additional strength and rigidity to the legs.
Although I have shown my invention in connection with a pen and pencil, yet a
needle point, compass leg or the like may be used in connection with the holder.
5

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. The improvement in compasses and detachable holders, the former con-
sisting of plain legs cut from sheet metal, the shorter leg of which is made taper
ended, which fits or takes into a socket or sunken recess made out of the detach-
able holder; the said holder is also raised from sheet metal, and is made to carry a
lead, pen, pencil or other instrument. The parts being constructed and the
compass arranged and put together substantially as described and illustrated in
figures 1 to 9 both inclusive of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. Making or forming on the end of the short leg of a sheet metal com-
pass, a yielding socket, raised from the metal of the said leg; and within which
socket, a pen or pencil holder, or a pencil without a holder fits, substantially as
described and illustrated in figures 10 to 20 both inclusive of the accompanying
Drawings.
Thirdly. In a reversible holder made from sheet metal substantially as described
and illustrated in figures 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly. Ribbing or hollow fluting the legs of sheet metal compasses; also
annular fluting the heads substantially as described and set forth in figures 16, 17,
18, 20 and 21.