Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Wire Netting.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 4th Jan., 1893—Accepted, 18th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Wire Netting.
I, JAMES GARTON BOWER the Younger, of Earlham House, in the City and
County of Norwich, a Managing Director of the firm of Barnard Bishop & Barnards,
Limited, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
By hand, wire netting has been made with meshes of different sizes combined in
one so-called continuous width of netting but the cost of such netting so made has
necessarily been such as to preclude its extensive use.
Now the object of my invention is to enable wire netting of the kind mentioned
to be economically manufactured in a practically continuous manner by machinery.
For this purpose I provide a separate pair of slides with half pinions for each
different size of mesh required to be included in the one width of netting, and for
the purpose of uniting the netting of one size of mesh with that of another I cause
one slide of each of two adjoining pairs adapted for producing two sizes of mesh to
assume relative positions in which a half pinion of the set for producing the one
size of mesh will be opposite to and will coincide with a half pinion of the set for
producing the other size of mesh and in this way by a rotary movement of these
two half pinions about their common axis for the time being the wires of the two
sets of meshes are united.
Machinery to operate as above set forth may be variously arranged.
Provision is made for supporting each of the half pinions referred to when there
is no other half pinion or slide opposite to it. This may be done in several ways,
for example by means of levers cams or other supports.
In some cases the half pinion of the set for one size of mesh when it is to
co-operate with a half pinion of the set for another size of mesh may be brought
into position by a movement in the direction of its axis so that then the two half.
pinions will be operated by a rack. or racks adapted for actuating the pinions
for producing the one size of mesh. According to one construction the slides
and rack of the pinions for producing the smaller or smallest size of mesh (as
the case may be) are actuated in a continuous manner by means of a crank and
connecting rod with or without cams and from the crank shaft through suitable
gearing the necessary slower and irregular motion is imparted through the medium
of an irregular cam to the slides and rack of the pinions for producing the larger
size of mesh.
Dated this 4th day of March 1905
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Wire Netting.
I, JAMES GARTON BOWER the Younger, of Earlham House, in the City and
County of Norwich, a Managing Director of the firm of Barnard Bishop and
Barnards, Limited, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Wire netting has been made by hand with meshes of different sizes combined
in one so called continuous width of netting, but the cost of netting so made has
necessarily been so great as to preclude its extensive use.
Now the object of my invention is to enable wire netting of the kind mentioned

page_text: to be economically manufactured in a practically continuous manner by machinery.
For this purpose I provide a separate pair of slides with half pinions for each
different size of mesh required to be included in the one width of netting, and for
the purpose of uniting the netting of one size of mesh, with the netting of another
size of mesh, cause one slide of each of two adjoining pairs and adapted for
producing two sizes of mesh, to assume relative positions in which a half pinion of
the set for producing the one size of mesh, will be opposite to and will coincide
with a half pinion of the set for producing the other size of mesh and in this way
by a rotary movement of these two half pinions about an axis which is their
common axis for the time being, the wires of the two sets of meshes are united.
Machinery to operate on the principle just above set forth may be variously
arranged.
Provision is made for supporting each of the half pinions, referred to when there:
is no other half pinion or slide opposite to it. This imay, be done in several ways,
for example by means of levers, cams or other supports.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation.
Fig. 2.is a. plan; and
Fig. 3 is an end elevation, of a wire net, making machine, constructed according .
to this invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged clevation of the middle pinions in certain slides, B, and D,
hereinafter referred to, at the junction of the two ineshes.
Fig. is a section through the slides at the line y Fig. 1, showing two half
pinions in the positions they assume at the union of the two meshes.
Fig. 6 is a plan, of the slides and pinions in their second position.
Big.,7 is a plan of the.slides and pinions in their third position.
Fig. 8 is a plan of the slides and pinions in their, fourth position.
Fig. 9 shows a piece of wire netting of two different meshes, such as, can be.pro-
duced in my improved machine.
Figs, 10, 11 and 12 illustrate modifications hereinafter referred to.
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are drawn to a smaller scale than the remaining figures.
A A are standards, connected by stays and forming the framework of the machine
for supporting the moving parts. B, B' are slides carrying half pinions. C₁ C³
respectively for forming the larger mesh of netting in a manner well understood..
D, D' are slides carrying half pinions E' E for forming the smaller, mesh of netting.
Each of these pinions, CC E¹ E is of the ordinary, and, well known, construction,
having a hole C or E bored through it for the passage of a wire A' (Fig. 1) from
the corresponding coil or bobbin. F is a rack arranged to gear with and impart,
rotary motion to the pinions C' C². G is a rack arranged to gear with, and impart
rotary motion to the pinions E' E. The racks and Gare arranged to recipro-
cate one above the other as will be seen more clearly from Figs. 4 and 5.
His a
stay bolted between the main standards A A. and formed with a V-shaped sliding
surface for supporting, two sliding frames I, K that operate the racks G and F
respectively. These two frames 1, K are connected with the racks G, F respec-
tively by connecting pieces J, J* that work through openings in the backs of the
slides B and D respectively. M is a, connecting rod for operating the frame I.
N is,a disc fixed on a shaft X and provided with a crank pin N for,imparting
motion to the connecting rod M. O is a cam plate formed with a cam groovers
tw for operating the frame K through a cam roller p which works in the said
cam groove.
P is a roll provided with pegs or staples (not shown) for drawing up the netting,
during the process of manufacture. This roll is omitted from Fig. 2 in order that
the parts of the machine below it may be more clearly seen. Qis a spindle on
which the finished.netting is wound: R is a lever for imparting longitudinal motion
to the slide D from the slide D. R.is.a similar lever for imparting longitudinal
motion to the slide 13 from the slide, B. This lever R! is omitted from Fig. 1 for
the sake of clearness. The slides B and D are operated at the required times by

page_text: t
the connecting pieces J J*, each of which acts against stops B* D* fixed to the
slides, or against the ends of the slots in the slides through which they extend in a
manner well understood. The levers R R are supported on suitable bearings R*
and work on studs. S is a stay for supporting the slides B and D. U. U are
plates bolted to the upper side of the stay H for supporting and maintaining
in conjunction with the stay S, the two slides B and D in their correct
positions. UU' are plates bolted to the upper and lower sides of a stay T for
supporting and maintaining the two slides B and D in their correct positions.
VV are guide pieces bolted on the slides D D'. They project into recesses in the
underside of the adjacent upper plates U U₁ and prevent the portions of the slides
between the half pinions fouling each other. W, W are adjustable blocks for
keeping the slides B, B1 and D, D' of each pair in contact with each other.
The cam is fixed upon a rotary shaft Y which is driven from the driving
shaft through toothed gearing Y, the disc N being rotated by the shaft X which
is directly driven from the shaft Y. Z is a fast pulley on the shaft Y' by which
motion is imparted to the machine, and Z is a loose pulley on such shaft.
a is a forked shaped piece (hereinafter called a fork). It is formed with an
extension (a Fig. 7) arranged to slide in the stay H and serves to support the
innermost half pinion E' as shown in Fig. 7 when this half pinion is unsupported by
a half pinion or slide opposite to it. bis a lever for operating the fork a.
It is
fixed upon a rock shaft 6* to which is fixed another lever arm connected by a
link to a lever that is pivoted at y and carries at its free end an antifriction
roller c.
d is a can arranged to act against the roller c and impart an intermittent
reciprocating motion to the said levers and fork a at the required times. This cam
fixed upon a shaft e that is driven by bevel gearing from the shaft 9. / is a bar
fixed to the stay T and arranged between the inner ends of the slides B' D' for the
purpose of supporting the innermost half pinion C' in the slide B when the same is
unsupported by one of the opposite pinions or slides during the longitudinal motion
of the slides. is a spring for quickly withdrawing the fork a when the cam roller c
is working on the smaller portion of the cam d.
mm are tubes attached to some of the half pinions and enclosing the ordinary
wire coils or springs from which part of the wire to form the netting is drawn as is
well understood. These tubes m instead of being thus carried may be carried by
sets of slides and half pinions corresponding to those shown but arranged below them
in a manner commonly employed in wire netting machines. nn are bobbins for the
remainder of the wire. o is a roller under which the wires from the bobbins n pass
to corresponding half pinions.
The action of the machine is as follows: :-
"
Assuming the slides, racks, half pinions and connected parts to be in the positions
shown in Fig. 2, and that motion is then imparted to the gearing Y2, then the
frames I and K will be simultaneously moved to the left by the action of the con-
necting rod M and the cam roller p which will then be working in the portion » of
the cam groove in the cam plate o, and rotary movement will be thereby imparted
to the pinions C¹ C and E E² by the racks F and G respectively. In the position
assumed, the innermost half pinion C₁ coincides with the innermost half pinion E',
the half pinion C' being rotated by the rack F, and the half pinion E being
rotated by the rack G. By this means the adjacent wires A* (Fig. 9) of the two
portions of netting of different mesh are twisted together thereby uniting the said two
portions of netting say at the junction 1, Fig. 9, and at the same time making the
junctions 1 and 1 between the other wires forming the larger and smaller size of
mesh respectively. When the pinions C C and E E2 have made a given number
of revolutions, the two pairs of slides B B and D D¹ are by the action of the con-
necting pieces J J on the stop D* B* respectively and the levers R' R moved
longitudinally each to half the distance between the centres of the corresponding
set of pinions so that the slides and pinions then assume the positions shown in
Fig. 6. The frame 1 is then moved to the right thereby imparting through the
rack G a rotary motion to the pinions E' E' in the opposite direction to that in

page_text: which they were previously rotated and forming the junctions at 2 and 2b (Fig. 9)
after which the slides D D' are again moved longitudinally but in the direction of
the arrows Fig. 6 so as to cause them to assume the positions shown in Fig. 7 having
then woven two complete meshes of the smaller size of netting.
During this last mentioned motion of the slides D, D' and rack G, the slides B B¹
and the rack F are held stationary owing to the cam roller p at this time working
in the circular portions of the cam groove in the cam plate O. In the position
assumed by the slides D, D' shown in Fig. 7, the innermost half pinion E' is not
supported in its bearing by an opposite half pinion Cor by the slide B, but the
necessary support is provided by the fork a which is moved forward by the mechanisin
hereinbefore described, so as to bear against the said half pinion immediately the
slides D D' commence their said longitudinal motion.
The frame I is then again moved to the left forming the junctions 3° (Fig. 9)
after which the position of the slides D D is reversed longitudinally so as to cause
these slides to assume the positions shown in Fig. 8. When the slides D D¹
commence to move into these positions the fork a is quickly withdrawn from the
said half pinion E' owing to the cam roller e then falling on to the smaller portion
of the cam d and the spring & operating the levers 3. Whilst the frame 1 is
moving to the left, the frame K is moved to the right by the cam roller p moving in
the portion of the cam groove in the cam plate O, thereby imparting rotary
movement to the pinions C1 C2 and forming the junctions 3ª (Fig. 9) between the
wires forming the larger mesh. When this rotary motion has been completed, the
cam roller p enters the circular portion of the cam groove and all movement of
the slides B, B and rack F ceases until the frame I has been again moved to the
right and completed the rotary movement of the pinions E E² to form the
junctions 4 (Fig. 9) between the wires A* and the junctions 4b (Fig. 9) between
the other wires forming the smaller mesh. The cam roller then enters the
portion of the cam groove and the two pairs of slides are again moved
simultaneously in a longitudinal direction into the positions shown in Fig. 2 in
which the innermost half pinion C which previously revolved with the innermost
half pinion C to form the twist in the larger mesh of netting will be co-axial with
the innermost half pinion E which had previously revolved with the innermost half
pinion E to form the twists in the smaller mesh of netting. The two innermost
half pinions C and E are then rotated as before to again twist the two adjacent
wires A together at the junction 5 and unite the two portions of netting of
different mesh, twists being simultaneously produced at the points 5" and 5 (Fig. 9).
The above described operations are repeated continuously during the working of
the machine, the finished netting being drawn up by the roll P and wound on the
spindle Q.
Although I have described a machine for producing netting of the. kind shown in
Fig. 9 wherein the smaller meshes are not only narrower but also shorter than the
larger meshes, I can by suitably modifying the machine produce netting of the kind
shown in Fig. 10 wherein the larger and smaller meshes although of different widths
are of the same length. I can also by using different cam plates so as to vary
the throw of the roller p, and altering the pitch of the larger set of half pinions
vary the width of the larger size of meshes relatively to that of the smaller ones
within considerable limits to suit varying requirements.
I prefer however the
formation of netting shown in Fig. 9. as it is much lighter in weight than that
shown in Fig. 10 and is quite as suitable for the purposes for which such netting is
ordinarily employed. To adapt the machine to produce netting of the kind shown
in Fig. 101 replace the cam plate O and roller p, by a crank disc. O' and connecting
rod p as shown in Fig. 11 so that the slides and racks for operating both sets of
pinions will be moved simultaneously both to the right and to the left. 0 is an
idle wheel for rotating the crank disc O at the same speed as the crank disc N.
In this case the half pinions will alternately assume the positions indicated in
Figs. 2 and 6. In this arrangement the fork a and means for operating it are not
necessary.

page_text: If it be desired to form a greater number of twists in the larger mesh of netting,
the innermost half pinion E might be constructed with a long journal E as shown
in Fig. 12 so as to allow of its being moved in the direction of its axis by a clutch
fork E actuated by a lever E operated at the required times by a cam or other
device so as to withdraw the said pinion entirely from the action of the rack G,
(when it is in the position shown in Fig. 2) and allow it to be revolved with the half
pinion C by the rack F.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A machine for the manufacture of wire netting so constructed and arranged
as to produce and simultaneously unite into one combined and practically continuous
width, netting having two or more different sizes of mesli.
2. In a machine for the manufacture of wire netting slides with half pinions
spaced for each different size of mesh to be produced, these slides being adapted to
assume relative positions in which a half pinion of the set of half pinions spaced for
producing one size of mesh will be opposite to and will coincide with a half pinion
of the set spaced for producing another size of mesh so that upon then imparting a
rotary movement to these two half pinions about their common axis for the time
being, the wires of the two sets of meshes will be united.
3. A machine for the manufacture of wire netting constructed with separate pairs
of slides with half pinions for each different size of mesh to be produced, one slide
of each two adjoining pairs being adapted to assume relative positions in which a
half pinion of the set for producing one size of mesh will be opposite to and will
coincide with a half pinion of the set for producing another size of mesh so that
upon then imparting a rotary movement to these two half pinions about their
common axis for the time being, the wires of the two sets of meshes will be united
substantially as herein described for the purpose specified.
4. In a wire netting machine constructed with separate pairs of slides with half
pinions for each different size of mesh to be produced as referred to in the preceding
claim, means adapted to support each of the half pinions whenever there is neither
another half pinion nor a slide opposite to it substantially as described.
5. In a machine of the kind referred to in Claim 3 for the manufacture of wire
netting, the combination of slides, half pinions and racks for producing different
sizes of mesh, means such as a crank and connecting rod for actuating in a
continuous manner the slides and rack of the pinions for producing the smaller or
smallest size of mesh, and means comprising an irregular cam with driving gear for
producing a slower and irregular motion of the slides and rack of the pinions for
producing the larger size of mesh substantially as herein described for the purpose
specified.
6. In a machine of the kind herein referred to for the manufacture of wire
netting, constructing the innermost half pinion of the set of pinions for producing
the smaller or smallest size of mesh with a long journal and providing means
whereby it can be moved in the direction of its length, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to and shown in Fig. 12 for the purpose specified.
7. My improved wire netting machine for the manufacture of wire netting with
meshes of different sizes combined in one continuous width, constructed arranged
and operating substantially as described and shown.
Doted this 4th day of January 1002
JAMES G. BOWER, JR.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.