IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Leeming, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Leeming at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th August 1877.
JOHN LEEMING, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Maker.
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates,―
" IMPROVE-
Firstly. To improved mechanism for operating the picking apparatus inter-
mittantly and continuously, that is to say, there may be two or more shuttles
thrown or picked successively from either box, or pick and pick; or the one shuttle
may be picked from box to box continuously, according as the goods being woven
may be pattern pieces or plain pieces.
One arrangement comprises a boss keyed or secured to the picking shaft, and
having a projecting finger or "lock piece.". The picking tappets act at each
revolution upon the picking cone, but inasmuch as the boss carrying the picking
cone is loose upon the picking shaft, the latter will not operate the picking stick and
shuttle until and only when, by the pattern mechanism, an intervening piece having
fingers thereon is raised, so as to bring the fingers up to and engaging with the
lock piece; herein-before referred to, when the cone, shaft, and picking stick act as
ordinary, and the shuttle is thrown.
According to another arrangement the picking cones are acted upon by the
picking tappets only and when a pick is to be made. Secured to the picking shaft
is a boss and projecting lock piece. The picking cones are withdrawn from line of
rotation of the picking tappets by the pattern mechanism until a pick or picks are
to be made, whereon the pattern mechanism again acts, and a disc upon the tappet
shaft slides, and pushes forward the picking cone within the line of rotation of the
picking tappets, at the same time a finger connected with the picking cone is
brought into contact with a "lock piece," and the pick or picks are made. The

page_text: pattern mechanism now returns the disc to its former position, allowing the picking
cone to retire beyond the reach of the picking tappets.
Secondly. The Invention relates to weft-fork motion as applied to looms having
more than one shuttle, so as to stop the loom when any thread of weft is broken or
exhausted. To accomplish this object I employ a series of forks operated by the
rise and fall of the boxes (in case of drop boxes), such forks in turn acting upon
other forks for raising and depressing the weft, so that the last shot of weft is
pressed into a recess in the "going part" after the ordinary fork has operated upon
the last shot of weft, and the next thread of weft will be free to be operated upon
by the ordinary fork in like manner, there being at each side of the loom, the action
of these forks being under the control of the picking motion.
Thirdly. This my Invention relates to improved mechanism for operating circular
boxes, so as to place any of the shuttles of the series in position to be acted upon
when required.
•
For operating the rotary boxes I employ the ordinary rack levers and a pinion
on the axis of the boxes, the racks being put in gear as required by the pattern
mechanism. Upon the tappet or other shaft is a strap eccentric, the strap of which
is connected with and gives positive and continuous motion to a lever and "draw"
pin. Above or over the latter, faller levers are suspended, cranked at one end (or
these levers may have a lifting motion), so as to engage with the draw pin when
permitted to fall by the action of the pattern mechanism; the other end of each of
the faller levers is connected to one of a series of hooked-shaped cams, which when
one of the faller levers engages with the draw pin is drawn forward and acts upon
a stud of a L lever connected with the rack rods, and as the hooked cams are of
different forms, so will they give more or less motion to the rail rods and move
the box more or..
·less, bringing any particular cell and shuttle to the required
position.
The hooked-shaped cams, in addition to the service above described, also act as
lockfasts or stops, and prevent the box overrunning.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Leeming in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th February
1878.
JOHN LEEMING, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Maker.
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates,-
"
IMPROVE
Firstly. To improved mechanism for operating the picking apparatus inter-
mittently and continuously, that is to say, there may be two or more shuttles
thrown or picked successively from either box; or pick and pick; or the one shuttle
may be picked from box to box continuously, according as the goods being woven
may be pattern pieces or plain pieces.
One arrangement comprises a boss keyed or secured to the picking shaft, and
having a projecting finger or "lock piece." The picking tappets act at each
revolution upon the picking cone, but inasmuch as the boss carrying the picking
cone is loose upon the picking shaft the latter will not operate the picking stick
and shuttle until and only when, by the pattern mechanism; an intervening piece
having fingers thereon is raised, so as to bring the fingers up to and engaging with
the lock piece herein-before referred to, when the cone, shaft, and picking stick act
as ordinary, and the shuttle is thrown.
According to another arrangement the picking cones are acted upon by the
picking tappets only and when a pick is to be made. Secured to the picking shaft
is a boss and projecting lock piece. The picking cones are withdrawn from line of
rotation of the picking tappets by the pattern mechanism until a pick or picks are
to be made, whereon the pattern mechanism again acts, and a disc upon the tappet
shaft slides and pushes forward the picking cone within the line of rotation of the
picking tappets, at the same time a finger connected with the picking cone is
brought into contact with a "lock piece," and the pick or picks are made. The
pattern mechanism now returns the disc to its former position, allowing the picking
cone to retire beyond the reach of the picking tappets.
Secondly. The Invention relates to weft-fork motion as applied to looms, having
more than one shuttle, so as to stop the loom when any thread of weft is broken or
exhausted. To accomplish this object I employ a series of forks operated by the
rise and fall of the boxes (in case of drop boxes), such forks in turn acting upon
other forks for raising and depressing the weft, so that the last shot of weft is
pressed into a recess in the "going part" after the ordinary fork has operated upon
the last shot of weft, and the next thread of weft will be free to be operated upon
by the ordinary fork in like manner, there being an ordinary weft fork at each
side of the loom, the action of these forks being under the control of the picking
Inotion.
Thirdly. This my Invention relates to improved mechanism for operating
circular boxes, so as to place any of the shuttles of the series in position to be acted
upon when required.
For operating the rotary boxes I employ the ordinary rack levers and a pinion
on the axis of the boxes, the racks being put in gear as required by the pattern
mechanism. Upon the tappet or other shaft is a strap eccentric, the strap of which
is connected with and gives positive and continuous motion to a lever and "draw
pin." Above or over the latter, faller levers are suspended cranked at one end (or
these levers may have a lifting motion), so as to engage with the draw pin when
permitted to fall by the action of the pattern mechanism; the other end of each
of the faller levers is connected to one of a series of hooked-shaped cams, which
when one of the faller levers engages with the draw pin is drawn forward, and acts
upon a stud of a lever connected with the rack rods, and as the hooked cams are of
different forms, so will they give more or less motion to the rack rods, and move
the box more or less, bringing any particular cell and shuttle to the required
position,

page_text: The hooked-shaped cams, in addition to the service above described, also act as
lockfasts or stops, and prevent the box over-running.
Such being the nature and object of this my said Invention, I will now proceed
to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same may be clearly under-
stood, I have hereunto annexed five Sheets of Drawings, and have marked the
same with figures and letters of reference.
Such being the nature and object of this my said Invention, I will now proceed
to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same may be clearly under-
stood, I have hereunto annexed five Sheets of Drawings, and have marked the
same with figures and letters of reference.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.—SHEET 1.
Fig. 1 is a full sized view and front elevation of the clutches.
Fig. 2 is a full sized view and side elevation of the clutches.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of part B of the clutch.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of part C of the clutch.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of part D of the clutch.
Fig. 6 is a back elevation of loom frame, shewing the arrangement and manner
of working the clutches.
Fig. 7 is an end elevation of loom frame, shewing also the arrangement and
manner of working the clutches.
Figs. 1 and 2, A is the picking shaft or spindle; B is a clutch, keyed fast upon
the spindle A; C is the middle part of clutch, and works loose upon the spindle A,
that is, the part C is free to lift by the action of a lever, or turn on the spindle or
shaft A by the action of the part D, which carries the cone or bowl S, the said
motion being given to the part D by a tappet or cam, as in all looms using the cone
and tappet pick. On the said part D are the teeth d, d, which gear into the said
part C; the part D is also loose upon the shaft A. On the part B is the tooth b,
and upon lifting the part C it engages with the tooth b, and so imparts motion to
the part B, which is keyed on the spindle A, the part C never leaving its con-
nection with the bracket D; the teeth d, d, being long enough to allow the part
C to engage with the tooth b on the part B, thus causing a motion to the spindle
A every time the middle part Ċ is lifted. In the Figs. 1 and 2 the spindle A is at
rest.
Figs. 6 and 7 shew the connections and arrangements for working the clutches.
P is a rod which has motion imparted to it by the card pattern or other mechanism,
having at its lower end a spring N connected to a lever L mounted upon a stud X
and engaging with the middle part of clutch C. K is another lever keyed fast
upon a shaft H having its opposite end brought into contact with the lever L by
means of the spring M. The shaft H extends across the loom from end to end,
carried in bearings T and T; R is an arm or lever, keyed fast upon the shaft H,
having a connection to the middle part of the clutch C at the end of the loom
marked A¹
Figs. 6 and 7 shew the clutch C at the end of loom A² out of contact with the
part of clutch marked B, same as in Fig. 1, and the clutch C in contact with the
part B at the opposite end of the loom marked A¹, so the pick would take place
from the end marked A¹. It will be thus easily seen that by raising the rod P the
motion will be reversed and the pick take place from the end marked A². The foot
lever J is mounted upon the shaft H, upon which it is free to move.
U is a strap
connection made fast at one end to the lever J by the pin joint W, and at the other
end guided in a fixing Y from off the loom end A². The strap connection U is pro-
vided with a fixed projection V extending above and across the lever K, and also
another projection_V2 extending across and above the lever L.
The foot lever J and its connections are for the purpose of disengaging both
clutches at the same time, so that no pick will be given from either end of the loom
whether the loom is turned forwards or backwards, and is intended to be used when
turning back "or finding the pick."
Sheets 2 and 3 shew the second method of obtaining a miss pick.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the clutches and cone S; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of
the same; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same.

page_text: Fig. 4 is a plan view of clutches shewing the position of the cone when in the act
of picking, and the dotted lines shewing the position of clutch and cone when in the
act of missing the pick.
Fig. 5, enlarged view of picking tappet; Fig. 6, side elevation of the same.
Fig. 7, enlarged view of the sliding disc plate; Fig. 8, side elevation of the
same.
Fig. 9 is a back elevation of loom shewing the picking arrangement.
Fig. 10 is an end elevation of loom shewing also another view of the picking
arrangement.
Fig. 1. A is the picking shaft; B is the upper part of the clutch, keyed fast on
the shaft A, and having a projection B'; D is the lower part of the clutch, and is
free to rêvolve on the shaft A; D also carries a stud, upon which the cone S is
placed, and on the opposite side of the clutch D is a projection D¹ which engages
with the part B' on the upper part B of clutch, so that when the tappet E strikes
the cone S motion is imparted to the picking shaft A.
At Fig. 2a is shewn a modification of this arrangement, in which the part D is
raised so as to lock with the part B', after the manner of C of Fig. 1, Sheet 1.
Fig. 3 shews a plan view of the upper and lower clutch when in contact with
each other in the act of picking.
Fig. 4 shews also a plan view of the clutch B, D, and cone S in contact with the
tappet E, ready to be operated thereby. C is a sliding disc plate mounted upon the
tappet shaft K, upon which it is free to move, this disc C is capable of being
operated by the card pattern or other mechanism, and its outer periphery being in
contact with the cone S, it will be seen by the dotted lines that the disc plate C
has been withdrawn and that the cone S has followed by means of the spring P²,
and is withdrawn clear of the tappet E, so that no pick would take place. The
spring P is the ordinary spring for drawing back the picking shaft A into
position for the next pick and held against the regulating stop x.
Figs. 9 and 10 shew the connections and arrangements for working the clutches ;
P is a rod operated by the card pattern or other mechanism, and having at its lower
end a spring N attached to a T lever L, which is mounted upon a stud 3, carried
from a bracket B on the loom end A². The upper arm of the lever L engages with
the sliding disc C, and at its lower end engaging with a connecting rod H; the
connecting rod H is connected by a pin joint W to the lever M, which is mounted.
upon a stud 5 carried from a bracket B on the loom end A¹; the upper end of the
lever M'engages with the disc plate C. The Drawing shews the rod P as having
been lifted, and the T lever L as having moved the disc plate C and placed the
cone S in position to be operated upon by the tappet E at the end of the loom A²,-
and also at the end A¹ to have withdrawn the disc plate C so as to remove the cone
out of contact with the tappet E. It will thus be easily seen that by depressing
the rod P the pick will take place at the end marked A¹.
The foot lever J is keyed fast upon an horizontal shaft 8 working in bearings b, b,
attached to the loom end A2 An L lever Y is also keyed fast at the opposite end of
the shaft 8, and connected by a link 7 at one end to the lever Y and at the other
end to the T lever L. This foot lever arrangement is for the purpose of with-
drawing both disc plates C at the same time, so that no pick will take place from
either end of the loom, whether the loom is turned backwards or forwards.
The slotted end of the link 7 and the slotted end of the rod H are for the purpose
of allowing the rod P to have the sole control of the picking arrangements, that
control being overcome by depressing the foot lever J. Sheets 4 and 5, Fig. 1, shew
weft motion attached to three box loom. To accomplish this object I employ a series
of forks a, a, operated by the rise and fall of the box lever N and its connection P,
the forks a, a, in turn acting upon forks A and B for raising and depressing the
weft, so that the last shot of the weft is pressed into a recess a¹ in the "going part;
after the ordinary fork a² has operated upon the last shot of weft, and the next
shoot of weft will be free to be operated upon by the ordinary fork a² in like
manner, there being an ordinary fork at each side of the loom, the action of these
ور

page_text: forks being under the control of the picking motion, a³ being a guard for preventing
the fork engaging with the notch of the hammer H, when the shuttle is being thrown
from that end. Fig. 2 is for operating rotary boxes. I employ the ordinary rack
levers A and pinion B on the axis of the boxes, the racks A, A, being put in gear
as required. On the tappet C (or other shaft) is a strap eccentric D, the strap is
connected to and gives positive and continuous motion to a lever D¹ and draw pin
d on its upper end. Above or over the latter are faller levers E, E, under control of
the pattern mechanism by means of the rods F, F; the other ends of the levers
E, E, are connected to one of a series of forked-shaped cams G, G, which, when one
of the faller levers H is lowered by the pattern mechanism so as to engage with the
draw pin d, is drawn from and acts upon a stud of the L lever H connected with
the rack rods, and as the hooked cams are of different forms, so will they give more
or less motion to the rack rods moving the boxes more or less by any particular cell
and shuttle to the required position. The hooked-shaped cams also act as lock pieces
or stops and prevent the box over-running.
The wedge pieces N, N, are employed for putting the racks A, A, in position for
engaging with the pinion B; the upright lever P is connected with lever S on
fulcrum X, having balance weight W at one end, the tappet T operating the lever S.
To accomplish this object I employ a series of forks A and B, operated by the rise
and fall of the boxes, lever N, and its connection P, such forks A and B in turn
acting upon other forks a, a, for raising and depressing the weft, so, that the last shot
of weft is pressed into a recess in the "going part" after the ordinary fork has
operated upon the last shot of weft, and the next thread of weft will be free to
be operated upon by the ordinary fork in like manner, there being an ordinary weft
fork a² at each side of the loom, the action of these forks being under the control of
the picking motion.
In the Drawings hereto annexed I have, for the purpose of fully illustrating the
application of the improvements described and illustrated, referred to some parts
which are not new, I would therefore have it understood that I limit and circumscribo
my claims, as follows:-
Firstly. I claim the combination and use of parts B and C and D of Sheet 1, as
and for the purpose herein described and illustrated.
Secondly. I claim the parts B and D, Sheet 2, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 2ª, as and forth e.
purpose described.
Thirdly. I claim the combination and use of the forks a, a, and the forks A and B,
as described and illustrated.
Lastly. I claim the combination and use of the cam G, draw rods E, and lever
H, as and for the purpose described, and, illustrated
In witness whereof, I, the said John Leeming, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventh day of February, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-eight.
Witness,
WALLER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
JOHN LEEMING. (L.S.)