Solid Matters in Suspension in Liquids.
Year: 1884

page_text: Solid Matters in Suspension in Liquids.
.
I EDWARD PERRETT of 8 Victoria Chambers, in the City of Westminster Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SUBSIDENCE OF SOLID MATTERS IN SUSPENSION
IN LIQUIDS" to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improved apparatus for effecting the subsidence of solid
matters in suspension in liquids, for industrial and other purposes.
2
The apparatus consists of a series of separate superposed chambers having hopper
bottoms, inclined (for example to an angle of about 45 degrees) either to the
centre, or to one side, with vertical weirs or partitions at opposite sides of the
chambers. The impure liquid is introduced, by preference froin a common main
pipe, into each of the chambers, passing over the top of the weir at one side into
the interior of the chamber, and the clear liquid is discharged at the opposite side
passing over the top of the opposite weir say into a main outlet pipe, the solid
matter or precipitate being deposited at the bottoms of the chambers, whence it
may be drawn off through mud cocks or doors provided for the purpose.
+
By these means, the liquid. to be "subsided" is divided into several slowly
moving streams, the thin clear upper stratum of which is continuously removed as
formed by the presence of the overflow weir.

page_text: -
Improvements in Apparatus for Effecting the Subsidence of
Solid Matters in Suspension in Liquids.
I EDWARD PERRETT of, 8 Victoria Chambers in the City of Westminster Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention' for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE SUBSIDENCE OF SOLID MATTERS IN SUSPENSION
IN LIQUIDS," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention relates to improved apparatus for effecting the subsidence of solid
matters in suspension in liquids for industrial and other purposes.
The apparatus consists of a series of separate superposed chambers having hopper
bottoms, inclined (for example to an angle of about 45 degrees) either to the centre
or to one side, with vertical weirs or partitions at opposite sides of the chambers.
The impuré liquid is introduced by preference from a common main pipe into each
of the chambers passing over the top of the weir at one side into the interior of
the chamber, and the clear liquid is discharged at the opposite side passing over
the top of the opposite weir say into a main outlet pipe the solid matter or
precipitate being deposited at the bottoms of the chambers whence it may be
drawn off through mud cocks or doors provided for the purpose.
-
By these means the liquid to be "subsided" is divided into several slowly
moving streams the thin.clear upper stratum of which is continuously removed as
formed by the presence of the overflow weir.
And in order that the said Invention may be perfectly understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the accompanying sheets of drawings, the same letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) of the accompanying drawings represents a vertical section of
an apparatus constructed according to my Invention for effecting the subsidence
of solid matters in suspension in liquids the hopper bottoms of the chambers
hereinbefore referred to being inclined to the centre and Figure 2 is a horizontal
section of the same. Figure 3 (Sheet 2) represents a vertical section of a similar
apparatus with the hopper bottoms of the chambers inclined to one side and
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the same. Figure 5 (Sheet 3) is a vertical
section illustrating a, slight modification of the apparatus illustrated in Figures 3
and 4, and Figure 6 is a horizontal section of the same.
1
Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, A, A1, A2, A3, are a series of separate chambers
having hopper bottoms a, a, a², a³, inclined to an angle of say about 45 degrees
either to the centre as in the arrangement shewn in Figures 1 and 2 or to one side
*as in the arrangement illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. These chambers are placed
in tiers the one over the other, the bottom of one chamber forming a roof to the
chamber below it The impure liquid is introduced by a common main pipe B
which has separate branches b, 61, 62, 63, communicating with the respective
chambers, and the entering liquid passes over the top of the corresponding
weir fff, or f³, at one side into the interior of the respective chambers, and

page_text: the clear liquid is discharged at the opposite side, passing over the top of the
opposite weir g, g³, g³, or g³, through branch pipes c, c1, c2, and c³, provided with
cocks e, e¹, e, and e³, respectively, into the main outlet pipe C, the solid matter or
precipitate being deposited at the bottoms of the chambers whence it may be drawn
off through mud cocks D, Di, D2, D3, communicating by pipes or passages d, d¹, d², d³,
with the respective chambers.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 the chamber A* comprized
between the hopper bottom a and the roof h of the apparatus may also be utilized
by providing an additional branch inlet pipe, inlet and outlet weirs, branch outlet
pipe and cock, and mud cock marked respectively b, f, g, c, e, D. In this form
of apparatus, also, blocks of wood or other suitable material may be inserted as
shewn at k to prevent the deposit or precipitate from settling in the corners.
Where economy in construction is a consideration the modification illustrated in
Figures 5 and 6 may be adopted in which the main inlet pipe B and main outlet
pipe C are dispensed with the impure liquid being introduced at B' over the
weir ginto the chamber A* and thence passing up the channel and over the
weirs f, f', f, and f³, formed by one side of the chambers A, A', A², and A³, into
such chambers and the clear liquid is conducted in separate streams over the
opposite side or weir g, g', g³, or g³, and, united in a common stream in the
passage 1, passes over the weir g¹ and thence over the weir g³ and is discharged
through the outlet C' leaving the solid matter or precipitate on the bottoms a* a
a', a, a, a, whence it is drawn off through mud cocks D*, D, D', D³, D³, and D*.
It will be obvious that in the case of each modification the number of superposed
chambers may be increased to any required extent.
By means of my Invention the liquid to be subsided is divided into several
slowly moving streams corresponding to the separate chambers the thin clear upper
stratum of which is continuously removed as formed by the presence of the
overflow weirs g g¹, g³, g³, g*.
کنه
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Effecting the subsidence of solid matters in suspension in liquids by the employ-
ment of superposed chambers, having hopper bottoms, in such a manner as to
divide the liquid into several slowly moving streams, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 16th day of September 1885.
TH J. HANDFORD,
Agent,
42, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.