Improvements in Bolt-heading Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 14th Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bolt-heading Machines.
I, EDWARD HOLLINGWORTH, of Dobcross, in the County of York, Power Loom
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (which invention has been communicated to me from abroad
by George Webb, of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, one of the United States of
America, Engineer) :-
==
My invention refers to machines for heading bolts by "hot forging," and relates
to the hangers or jaws which hold the dies, and also to means for swinging the said
hangers for separating the dies to permit the insertion and removal of the bolt.
My said invention consists in slotting the upper end or yoke of each hanger and
placing therein a block to receive a pin, which extends from the frame, which block
is vertically adjustable in said slots by means of screw bolts, whereby the vertical
position of the dies is regulated; and my invention consists, further, in the use of a
spring and thumbscrew, adapted to hold in position the pins which connect the
link with the hanger on the one side and with the slide-block on the other, and also
to facilitate the removal of said pins from said link, whenever desired, as herein-
after fully specified.
Such being the nature and object of my invention, I will now proceed to describe
the same more fully, and for that purpose will refer to the annexed sheet of drawings,
wherein
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of such parts of a bolt-heading machine as are
necessary to illustrate my invention.
Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a front elevation and a plan of the link.
Fig. 4 shews, in side elevation, the lever and connections for swinging the hangers
and dies.
In the drawings A A represent fixed pins, which project from the frame of
the machine. BB are the hangers or jaws, the enlarged bottom portions a of
which furnish the bed or support for the dies C C' respectively. The upper end
of each hanger B has a slotted yoke to receive a block D which is moveable
vertically in said slot. Screw bolts E E', passing through the yoke, have their ends
bearing against the upper and lower sides of the block D respectively. The block D
has a central bore, through which the pin A passes. On the hanger B is also a
projection or boss c, through which an adjustable screw-bolt F passes. Both the
dies C C¹ have an opening d, in which the bolt blank is gripped during the operation
of forging.
The mechanism by which the hangers are swung to and from each other for the
closing or opening of the dies, is the same as is commonly used in bolt heading
machines and needs only a brief description. The lever G (see Fig. 4) having a
handle e and a crank or bent arm f, is fulcrumed at g to the frame of the machine,
and by means of a connecting rod H is made to operate vertically the rod I, which
passes through a portion of the frame, such said portion being shewn in Fig. 4 in
section on the line z of Fig. 1. A slide block J is secured to the top of the rod I
by the screw and nut h. The link K is connected to the slide-block J by the pin m,
such link having openings or slots n (see Fig. 3) to receive the ear or hinge pro-
jection o of said slide-block, through which the pin m passes to make the hinge-like
connection. The link K is also slotted in like manner at n', and is connected by
the pin m' with the lower portion of the other hanger B. By operating the lever G,
the rod I is carried up, until the link K is in the position indicated in dotted lines
in Fig. 1, where it will be seen that the pin m¹ has been moved laterally from the
other hanger, causing the die C to separate from the die C', thereby opening the

page_text: hole or matrix d, either for the insertion or for the removal of a bolt blank, as
the case may be.
In Fig. 1 the pins m m' are shewn in vertical section on the liner of Fig. 3,
where it is seen that each pin has a head s, which is conically recessed at its centre;
and made to receive a knob or projection on each end of the flat spring M
which is made to bear with pressure on the heads of each pin by the thumb-
screw L.
Bolt heading machines, as hitherto constructed, have had no
means for the
adjustment of the hangers and the dies therein, nor any adequate means for securing
the hinge connection of the links by which the hangers are swung. The bolt blank,
upon the end of which a head is to be forged, must be accurately placed in
position to receive the blows of the header or plunger, by which the end is upset
and enlarged, and at the same time to receive the blows of the four hammers
employed to forge the sides of the bolt head.
In this class of machine the centre of the bolt head must always be exactly in the
axial line with the shank of the bolt, and this centering is effected by altering the
position of the dies C and C as the circumstances may require; but to obtain this
exact centering is a very tedious and unreliable operation; for instance, if any
change is made in the thickness of a bolt, the dies C and C₁ have to be removed,
and in order to place the opening or gripping surfaces d their correct position with
regard to the hammers and plungers, the said dies have often to be more or less
packed with wedges or thin strips of metal, and when this is supposed to be rightly
done, the head of a bolt is forged and afterwards examined to see that the faces or
edges are properly forged, and that each side of the bolt head projects a uniform
distance from the shank. If it is found that one side of the bolt head has been
hammered too much or too little, it proves that the bolt has not been properly
located in the machine in relation to the forging mechanism, consequently the whole
process of adjustment of the dies must be repeated again and again until the proper
position of the gripping surfaces d has been obtained; but when other bolts of a
different diameter are to be forged, this tedious and uncertain adjustment of the
dies has to be again repeated.
By the use of my improvement, the adjustment of the dies in a vertical direction
is easily performed.
The fulcrum A upon which each hanger B oscillates is carried in the block D,
which can be adjusted vertically by the screw bolts E and E¹, either up or down
within the slot of the yoke b, whereby the opening d within the dies can be readily
brought into the exact horizontal plane with relation to the forging mechanism,
and this adjustment of the dies is made without removing them from their positions ;
and when the dies are centred and put into proper position, they are kept there and
held firm by means of the screw bolts F. The difficulty in regulating the position
of the dies relates principally to their vertical positions, as the wedges to pack the
dies have to be inserted on the underside of each die, and in this machine that
particular portion is inaccessible on account of other parts of the machine lying in
front of the dies. The lateral adjustment by means of wedges is not so difficult, as
these parts can be more readily reached by the workman without removing other
portions of the machine to get to it.
By means of my invention, the hangers B have not only the vertical adjustment
already described, but they are provided with means for securing their better lateral
or oscillating movements.
It has been common hitherto to connect the link K to the hangers B and block J
by means of screw bolts or plain round hinge pins, and where the latter were used,
they frequently worked themselves loose after being in use for some time, and
therefore required constant watching. On the other hand, if the link K was
attached by bolts and nuts, it was difficult to unhinge the link, because the
space in which they work is very small. These difficulties I remedy by using
cylindrical pins m and m³ with heads, on the top of which is a central
depression slightly concave. The spring M is provided with a knob at each end,

page_text: which knob enters the recesses in the heads of the pins m and m¹, and the said
spring is held in position by the thumbscrew L, thus holding the said spring
in engagement with the head of each pin, which absolutely prevents displace-
ment by the working of the machine. If it is desired to remove the pins m, m³,
the thumbscrew L is unscrewed, permitting the spring to be removed from the
pin heads, whereby the said pins can be easily withdrawn from the joints.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. In a bolt heading machine, the means or method of vertically adjusting
the dies C carried by the hangers B substantially as described and illustrated
in the drawings.
Secondly. In a bolt heading machine, the hangers B having a vertical adjusting
block therein, carrying a fixed pin or stud A. in combination with the dies C,
substantially as described.
Thirdly. In a bolt heading machine, the combination of the hangers B having
the yoke b, the block D, being vertically adjustable in the said yoke, the screw
bolts E and E' and the dies C and C₁ substantially as described.
Fourthly. In a bolt heading machine, the combination of the hangers B, each
having the bed a for supporting the dies C and C¹ in combination with the boss or
projection e and screw bolts F substantially as shewn and described.
Fifthly. In a bolt heading machine, the use of the spring M and thumb-screw L
in combination with pins m m¹ for connecting the link K to the block J and
hangers B as described and illustrated.
Dated this 6th dex of Januany 1901
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield and Halifax, Agents.