Improvements in the Manufacture of Chenille and other like Threads, and in Machinery to be used therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chenille and other like
Threads, and in Machinery to be used therefor.
We, FELIX VANOUTRYVE and EDMOND LEPAINTEUR, both of Roubaix in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce fine chenille threads in a more
economical and simple manner than heretofore; to colour or dye them in the course
of manufacture, either in uniform tint, particolour, or pattern; also to manufacture
strong threads of like character suitable for employment as warp threads in looms,
and for gimp work etc.; and finally to provide suitable apparatus or machinery to
be used in the said manufacture.
In carrying out this invention, coils of silk or other threads are laid around two
base threads held at tension a determinate distance apart, which base threads carry
the coils to a cutting device, where two binding threads are associated with the
base threads, and the whole are printed or coloured as desired.
After the cutting of the coils, each pair of threads are led to a bobbin and flyer,
and twisted together, making two complete chenille threads.
The cutting may, however, be omitted, and the pairs of binding and base threads
twisted together by one spindle and flyer, making a strong thread suitable for use
as warp, when the fine chenille thread is to be used as weft, which threads may be
printed or coloured to produce patterns in the manner well understood in weaving
carpets etc.
The mechanism which it is preferred to employ, consists of a horizontally
rotating frame, carrying two or more bobbins of silk or other thread, the threads
from which are led through holes in the neck or journal of the frame. This frame
has a tubular spindle, in which is rigidly held a rod or lance. An enlargement of
the head of the rod is pierced to receive the two base threads, which are drawn
from bobbins conveniently situated, and pass up the tubular spindle, and through
the holes in the head of the rod. This rod is adjustable longitudinally of the
spindle by means of a screw and nut connection with the frame.
The base threads are led from the horizontal spinning frame, through a pair of
delivery rollers, to and over a roller carrying a cutting disc, on which they lie in
grooves, one on either side of the cutting disc. Above this disc is situated a pressure
or breaking roller, to press the coils of thread brought forward against the cutter
disc, and cause their severance.
A pair of binding threads are led through guide eyes to the cutting roller from
cops or pirns, and associated with the base threads thereon, and lie snugly in the
While
grooves of the roller, with the coils of silk thread lying between them.
upon this roller, the colour is applied from a reservoir situated above the breaking
roller, which may have grooves to guide the colour applied to its upper circum-
ference. This 'coloring apparatus may be so arranged as to colour each group of
the divided threads on the cutter roller, of a different colour. From the cutting
roller, each group of divided coils or rings, together with its associated pair of
binding and base threads, are led each to a vertical twisting spindle and flyer
through suitable guide eyes, by which the base and binding threads will be twisted
together and wound upon the bobbin of the spindle, as a perfect chenille thread.
To provide a suitable stop mechanism for the horizontal spinning frame and the
vertical twisting spindles they are provided with fast and loose driving pulleys, the
driving bands passing over guide pullies carried by sliding rods, which have a
tendency given them, by springs, to move the driving cords oüto the loose' pulley,

page_text: but are restrained by a locking hook carried by one of the rods, and held down by
a treadle.
One of these rods is also utilized to lift off the pressure roller from the delivery
roller, so as to simultaneously arrest the driving of the spindles and the draught of
the thread.
.נ.י.
……… 1001
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chenille and other like
Threads, and in Machinery to be used therefor.
We FELIX VANOUTRYVE, Manufacturer, and EDMOND LEPAINTEUR, Engineer,
both of Roubaix in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to produce fine chenille threads in a more
economical and simple manner than heretofore; to colour or dye them in the
course of manufacture, either in uniform tint, parti-colour, or pattern; also, to
manufacture strong threads of like character, suitable for employment as warp
threads in looms, and for gimp work, etc.; and finally to provide suitable apparatus
or machinery to be used in the said manufacture.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a machine constructed according to our invention, the
remaining figures show details which will be more particularly referred to
later on.
The new machine to which this invention relates, is composed of the following
mechanical elements :-
1.) A delivery cylinder with a pressure roller specially arranged to permit the
workman, at will, to put it in contact with the delivery cylinder, which then com-
municates to it a rotary movement, or to isolate it instantly, which has the effect
of stopping its movement.
2.) Of a hollow horizontal spindle with a loose and a fast pulley, and carrying
several pins intended to receive the textile materials which enter into the manu-
facture of the outside of chenille and fancy threads.
3.) Of a small central instrument that we call a "lance," the object of which is
to serve as a centre to the winding or overlaying threads.
4.) Upper and lower thread guides.
5.) Of a releasing device which permits the workman to put the three spindles
simultaneously in motion, or stop them instantly.
6.) Of a steel cutting disc with its gearing and shaft.
7. Of a steel friction roller with its bracket support and pressure spring.
8.) Of a reservoir in glass or metal intended to receive the chemical products
necessary either to colour the chenille threads, or to discharge the colours, or
to change them into other shades, or in fact for glazes, inks, or paints of various
natures.
These various mechanical instruments contribute, as a whole, to form an element
of work to which we give the name of "producing head" (tête de production). As
a matter of fact, a frame constructed according to our new system will be composed
of as many heads as may be desired to attain the production of any determined
quantity of material.
The delivery cylinder indicated on our drawing by the number 1, Fig. 1, has
nothing special about it. It receives its motion by a series of gear wheels which
have no other object than to give it a speed in relation to the kind of thread it is
desired to make.

page_text: The three gears a a' a" give motion to the drum 13 at the rate of 170 rotations
per minute. It is possible to accelerate or retard the rotation of the delivery
cylinder, at will, by changing the gear wheel which gives the motion. The pressure
roller 2, resting upon it, is driven by friction of contact, and stops instantaneously
when it is raised, as will be explained further on.
The horizontal spindle is formed of a metal tube 3. It carries, at one end, a
piece 4, which is keyed upon it. This piece is pierced by two little holes dd,
which serve to pass or guide the threads destined to make the nap of the chenille
thread, or the exterior threads in other kinds of fancy threads. Before passing
the threads through these holes, they have been previously passed through the
eyes e el, as indicated in the drawing. A piece 6, carrying two pins intended to
receive the pirns or cops, is keyed upon the tube 3. A pulley 8 is keyed upon the
tube, while the adjoining one is loose. A collar 9 keeps this pulley in place. A
bracket 10, resting upon the rail 11 of the framing serves as a bearing for the
spindle, which thus rests upon the rail 12 at one end, and at the other end upon
the bracket 10. A. cord o communicates the movement of the drum 13 to the
pulley 8. The lance," of which we give a separate drawing at Fig. 2, is composed
of three parts, the "pivot of overlaying" a (pivot d'enroulement), the collar b, which
is pierced with two holes, and the rod, which is bent at its end. The part g'is
flattened out, and pierced with two holes. In one of these holes passes a pin h,
and in the other a screw pin ', two small thumb nuts serving to adjust the "pivot
of overlaying" a, that is to say, to make it project from or withdraw more or less
within the spindle.
The two vertical flyer spindles have each a loose and a fixed pulley, so that
each spindle can he separately driven by a cord or band. We may drive only one
spindle from the drum, and drive the second pulley from the first by a small plain
or grooved pulley. The fast and loose pulleys are arranged in such a way, that we
can change very easily their diameter. We say nothing about the apparatus for
raising and lowering, which distributes the thread in proportion as it is produced,
because any mechanical means can be applied without changing our system.
Our releasing apparatus consists of a square rod or shaft 14, placed vertically,
and of a similar rod 15 placed horizontally. They slide in guides, and their
simultaneous movement is ensured by a leather strap 16, which passes over a
pulley 17. The lower end of the vertical square rod carries a block intended to
hold the small pulley 18 (which guides the driving band) opposite the fast pulley
on the flyer spindle. This block is secured on the rod by the aid of a screw thumb
piece. The cutting disc is composed of 5 pieces, which we have represented
separately at Figs. 3, and put together at Fig. 4. As will be seen, the holder for
the cutting disc consists of a cylindrical part i, pierced through its whole length,
and terminating in an enlargement ; and an extension k. The cutting disc is
threaded on this extension and afterwards a collar *. Screws passing through
the collar and and the disc, and entering the enlargement j, make the whole solid.
The toothed wheel m, which gives rotary movement to the cutting disc, is keyed
on the part m*. Lastly, the cylindrical part i is provided with a groove p, in which
passes the support of the pressure roller. A bolt n, introduced in the central
hole with a nut, keeps all the pieces together.
This arrangement can evidently be modified :-We can, for example, make the
cutting disc and its clamping pieces in one piece, as shewn at Fig. 5. It is evident
that these discs should be in proportion to the rings of the winding produced by
the horizontal cops or pirns. At Fig. 6 we have shewn that the steel pressure
roller 20 is mounted in a sinall iron plate (bracket) 21, which fits into the groove p
before mentioned; a coiled spring 23 presses it sufficiently on the edge of the disc
to produce the cutting of the threads.
Lastly, to complete our machine, it only remains to point to the reservoir of
which we have spoken before, and which the drawing renders perfectly compre-
hensible. We cannot enter into the necessary details to indicate all the combinations

page_text: that can be produced with these three spindles, either to modify their relative
speed, or in stopping the motion of the horizontal spindle by regular or variable
interruptions, but, however, we make it understood how we can obtain one or two
threads of chenille, at will, with a single shade, mixed or otherwise.
Each head of the apparatus is fed by two threads, which pass into the tubular
spindle. To make our explanation very clear, we will enter the two threads
separately in the apparatus. We take then the thread from the bobbin A, introduce
it in the horizontal tubular spindle 3, and into the hole a to the right of the button
on the lance; then between the delivery cylinder 1 and its pressure roller 2; after-
wards in the right hand groove of the cutting disc C; from thence in the guide 24
of the spindle D, and lastly in the eyelet 25 attaching the extremity to the bobbin
flyer previously placed upon the spindle.
The thread of the bobbin is also introduced into the tubular spindle 3, and
passed through the left hand hole ẞ in the button at the head of the lance. Then
between the delivery cylinder and its pressure roller; afterwards in the left hand
groove of the cutter disc; from thence in the guide 27 of the spindle E; and lastly
through the eye 28 of the flyer; and attach the extremity around the bobbin 29,
previously placed upon the spindle. To these two threads are added two binding
threads, which are furnished by two bobbins, such as F, which empty from the top,
like pirns or thread bobbins. The binding thread of the bobbin F passes through
the guide eye 30, fixed at about the height of the bobbin A; from thence it passes
through the eye 31, fixed to the head of the disengaging apparatus; is carried
down behind the pressure roller and the delivery cylinder, and through the little
guide eye 32, fixed below the roller head. It is thence led in front of the delivery
roller, and enters the groove at the right of the disc cutter; from thence it is passed
through the guide 24 of the spindle D, then through the eye of the flyer, and lastly,
it is attached around the bobbin of the spindle. The binding thread of the second
bobbin follows an exactly similar course, but in place of passing the cutter disc in
the groove on the right, it is put in the groove to the left, and passes to the guide
eye of the vertical spindle, through the eye at the extremity of its flyer, and is
attached to the bobbin on the spindle. In this way, there are upon cach bobbin a
base thread and a binding thread, and it will be easily understood that on driving
the vertical spindles, we shall obtain a twisted thread. Let us now furnish the
two little spindles of the tubular spindle with two pirns or bobbins, pass each thread
in the eye ee of the spindle, and in the holes d d reserved in the piece 4 of the
tubular spindle. This spindle, in turning, will force the threads to surround the
"pivot of overlaying" a, and the blade which projects from the tubular spindle,
and will imprison the two base threads in the interior of its rings. These will be
drawn in by the base threads, pass with them between the delivery roll and its
pressure roller, and will rest upon the edge of the cutter disc, upon which they will
be strained by the two base threads, of which the one is to the right and the other
to the left of the cutter blade. These rings will meet the pressure roller that runs
on the edge of cutter disc, and will be cut. The two halves of the threads of the
rings will then be retained respectively by the base threads of the right and left,
and find themselves imprisoned between a base thread and a binding thread. The
vertical spindles, in turning, carry the torsion of the threads up to the cutter disc.
The pile threads furnished by the horizontal spindle, cut by the roller, and taken
between a base thread and a binding thread, will thus be fixed by the torsion, and
will form a complete chenille thread.
Each producing head is composed of three spindles, and will thus give two threads
of chenille. If, in place of employing 2 vertical spindles, it is desired to use only
one, we should obtain a thick thread in place of two fine threads, but the production
as to length will be decreased necessarily 50 per cent. When it is desired to produce
buckled" thread (fil bouclé) the breaking or cutting disc of the roller C is
removed, and we make use of only one vertical spindle. If it is desired to obtain
chenilles printed with the ends of the pile of a different color, it is only necessary
a
66

page_text: to replace the plain pressing roller bearing on the roller C by one having a little
groove in which the central movable rod 33 of the reservoir 34 may deposit the
color it carries.
We may remark that our machine can transform any thread into a chenille
thread; we can produce one or two pattern threads either in warp or weft, if these
threads have been previously printed in colors, following the system that is in
use in the manufacture of carpets. We reserve to ourselves, then, the utilization
of this new kind of thread in all tissues. Our drawing represents the three spindles
in motion; in order to stop them, it will suffice to press down the pedal 19; the
catch hook of that pedal will leave the block K; and the square vertical rod, by
the action of the spring R, which is not then compressed, will draw the rod up.
The friction brake 36 will apply itself to the fixed pullies of the vertical spindles,
while the small pulley 18, being also raised by the same cause, will allow the driving
bands to pass on to the loose pulleys of the vertical spindles. The vertical rod, in
rising, will raise the pressure cylinder 2. On the other hand, the strap 16, which
unites the two releasing bars, yields, and the spring of the horizontal rod 15,
bearing against the bracket G, gives, and pushes the friction brake 35 against the
pulley 8. At the same time, the pulley, which guides the driving band, is moved
back, and allows the band to pass onto the loose pulley. The vertical spindles and
the horizontal spindle which compose each head of the machine, will then instantly
be stopped, and as the pressure roller is no longer in contact with the delivery
cylinder, there will be a stoppage of all work. To put this head again in motion,
it will suffice to press upon the head L of the vertical releasing rod, which will
make it take its first position, the hook of pedal 19 catching upon the stop block K.
This arrangement of the stop is evidently not essential, and may be replaced by any
other arrangement, without injuring the good working of the release.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we may here
remark that we do not wish to confine ourselves to the exact details of construction
above described, as these may be modified without departing from the nature of our
invention, but what we claim is :-
The apparatus substantially as shown and described for manufacturing chenille.
Dated this 27th day of November 1891.