IMPROVE- MENTS IN SUSPENDING CHANDELIERS AND GAS PENDANTS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Tertius Chellingworth, of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SUSPENDING CHANDELIERS AND GAS PENDANTS"
Sealed the 20th August 1858, and dated the 12th March 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Tertius Chelling-
worth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th March 1858.
I, THOMAS TERTIUS CHELLINGWORTH, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SUSPENDING CHANDELIERS AND GAS PENDANTS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the methods herein-after explained of suspending
and counterbalancing chandeliers and gas pendants by the use of helical
springs.
In constructing a chandelier or gas pendant according to my Invention, a
pipe or rod attached to the ceiling has a piston at its bottom end, and a larger
tube carrying the chandelier or gas branches slides upon the said piston and
pipe or rod; the outer tube is terminated at top with a stuffing box, through
which the pipe or rod works with an amount of friction which may be regulated
by the extent to which the gland of the stuffing box is screwed up. Around the
pipe or rod a helical spring is placed, occupying the space between the said

page_text: rod and the outer tube; the bottom of the said spring rests on the piston of
the pipe or rod, and its upper end bears against the under-side of the stuffing
box on the top of the outer tube. Whenever the chandelier or gas pendant is
depressed, the helical spring is compressed, the strength of the said spring
being such that it nearly counterbalances the weight of the moveable part of
the chandelier or pendant, which may be moved up and down by the appli-
cation of a gentle pressure.
I sometimes place the helical spring between the joists in the ceiling of
the room, and connected by means of a chain or chains to the moveable part
of the chandelier or gas pendant; but I prefer the first described method
of carrying my Invention into effect.
The last described method is particularly applicable to large chandeliers or
gas pendants
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
TERTIUS CHELLINGWORTH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Tertius Chellingworth, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Tertius Chellingworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should-and-
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and. vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SUSPENDING CHANDELIERS AND GAS PENDANTS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office

page_text: within.six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of the methods herein-after particularly described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, of suspending chandeliers and gas
pendants, the said methods of suspending effecting the counterbalancing of the
said chandeliers and gas pendants. My methods of suspending chandeliers
-and gas pendants consist in the use of helical springs as herein-after explained.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in vertical section 'a gas
pendant suspended according to my Invention. a is a pipe (which in the case
of a chandelier may be replaced by a solid rod) attached to the ceiling of the
room, and conveying gas to the burner or burners. The pipe a carries a piston
bat its bottom. A large tube c carrying the chandelier or gas branches, slides
upon the piston b and pipe or rod a; the outer tube c is terminated at top by
a stuffing box d, through which tlie pipe or rod a works with an amount of
friction which may be regulated by the extent to which the gland f of the
stuffing box is screwed up. Around the pipe or rod a, a helical spring e
is placed, the said spring e occupying the space between the pipe or rod a
and the outer tube c. The bottom of the spring rests upon the piston b, and
the upper end of the said spring bears against the under side of the stuffing
box d. When the chandelier or gas pendant is depressed the helical spring e is
compressed, the strength of the said spring e being such, that it counterbalances
or nearly counterbalances the weight of the moveable part of the chandelier or
pendant.
By screwing the gland f of the stuffing box d, the packing in the stuffing
box d may be more or less compressed, and the pipe or rod a made to move
with greater or less friction in the said stuffing box d.
The weight of the chandelier or pendant being nearly balanced. by the spring
e, it is only necessary to screw down the gland f to such a degree that the
moveable part of the chandelier or pendant, may be raised or lowered by the
application of a moderate pressure.
A tube of calico or other fabric may be interposed between the spring and
the outer tube c, to prevent noise on the motion of the chandelier or pendant:
I sometimes use a helical spring for suspending chandeliers or pendants in
the manner illustrated in Figure 2 of the Drawing. The spring is situated
between the joists in the ceiling of the room and connected by means of a

page_text: chain h, with the moveable part of the chandelier.or: gas pendant. The
amount of friction required to preserve the chandelier in that position in which
it is placed, is produced by the pressure of the block k upon the wedge-shaped
prolongation of the rod around which the spring g is situated. The block k
is pressed upon by the spring m. The arrangement of the pullies over which
the chain / passes, will be readily understood by an inspection of the Drawing.
The modification of my Invention last described is especially applicable to
large chandeliers and gas pendants.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and represented in the Drawing,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention;
but I claim as my Invention the improvements in suspending chandeliers
and gas pendants herein described and represented in the accompanying
Drawing, that is to say, suspending chandeliers and gas pendants by the use
of helical or coiled springs, as herein described and represented.
.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Tertius Chellingworth, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
THOMAS TERTIUS CHELLINGWORTH. (L.S.)