Casting the same and other Articles upon Axles or Shafts.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 21st Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 30th Dec., 1887
of Casting the same and other Articles upon Axles or Shafts.
We, GEORGE HENRY DENISON and WILLIAM WARD of 25 North Street, Leeds, in the
County of York, Engineers and Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of our said
invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to improve and simplify the manufacture of wheels,
pulleys, and other articles, which are usually cast upon axles or shafts, such as truck
wheels, making them more durable, and, at the same time, through the improved
method of casting, ensuring that they shall run truly and be exactly of the gauge
required, and it may be thus described: We first construct a frame of cast iron, or
other suitable material, which is provided with a rising and falling table, operated by
a lever, with rack and pinion, eccentrics, or other suitable means.
On the upper
part of this frame, and firmly fixed thereto, are two arms or brackets of suitable
height, carrying a pair of bushes. In these bushes, by means of pins or trunnions is
hung another frame, which may be called the "casting block," and which is made of
one or more pieces, in the shape of a rectangular box. At each end of the "casting
block," and suitably attached thereto, is a thick plate of cast iron, which may be called
the "chill-plate." This is made smooth, and forms part of the mould of the wheel to
be made, it is also bored out in the centre, to receive the axle or shaft, and suitably
recessed, to form a mould or "chill" for the journal or neck and collar. The "chill"
plates are, for convenience, made in halves, and their faces are exactly parallel to
each other, and vertical to the axle, when the latter is in its casting position.
The "chill plates" are adjusted and fixed at a distance from each other, corre-
sponding to the gauge of the wheels to be made. Each end of the casting block is
further provided with projecting pins, or other devices, for holding suitable moulding
boxes or flasks and these pins may be fixed to the frame of the casting block, or to
the "chill plates."
The operation of moulding is as follows:-
The axle, or a piece representing it, is first inserted in the holes of the chill plates,
the pattern wheel is placed on one end of the axle, resting on the chill plate; the

page_text: moulding box is fastened on its place, and sand rammed in, in the usual manner;
after which the casting block is revolved, so as to bring the mould to the bottom
position; the table is raised up to the moulding box, the latter loosened from its
pins, and lowered with the table vertically from the pattern.
In casting, the proper axle or shaft is fixed in the machine, so that it projects
at each end as far through the chill plates as required, a finished mould is then
secured to each chill plate, and metal poured in. When the metal is set, the boxes
are removed, and the axle with its pair of wheels is released by the withdrawal of one
half of each "chill plate."
In cases where great durability is necessary, we make the bearings or axle boxes, in
which the "chilled iron" necks or journals run, of chilled iron also, thus securing
very hard wearing surfaces, and a much longer life to both axle and bearing.
Dated 21st February 1887

page_text: Improvements in Wheels, Pulleys, and Bearings, and in the Method
of Casting the same and other Articles upon Axles or Shafts.
We GEORGE HENRY DENISON and WILLIAM WARD both of 25 North Street,
Leeds in the County of York, Engineers and Machinists, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of our invention is to improve and simplify the manufacture of wheels,
pulleys, and other articles, which are usually cast upon axles or shafts, such as truck
wheels making them more durable, and, at the same time, through the improved
method of casting, ensuring that they shall run truly and be exactly of the guage
required.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascertained
reference is hereby made to the accompanying Drawings in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1. is an elevation (partly in section) and Fig. 2 is an end view of our
invention.
We first construct a frame a a of cast iron, or other suitable material, which is
provided with a rising and falling table g, operated by a lever h, with rack and
pinion k, or by a crank or eccentric or other suitable means.
On the upper part of
this frame and firmly fixed thereto, are two arms or brackets 66 of suitable height,
carrying a pair of bushes p p. In these bushes or bearings by means of pins or
trunnions is hung an inner frame c. c of variable dimensions to suit different gauges
which may be called the "casting block "and which is made of one or more pieces,
in the shape of a rectangular box. At each end of the "casting block," and suitably
attached thereto is a stout plate of cast iron d, which may be called the "chill plate."
This is made smooth and forms part of the mould of the wheels to be cast; it is also
bored to receive the axles or shafts e e and suitably recessed to form a mould or
"chill" for the journal or neck and collar. The chill plates are for convenience made
in two pieces and their faces are exactly parallel to each other, and perpendicular to
the axle; the latter being vertical in its position for casting.
The "chill plates" are adjusted and fixed at a suitable distance from each other
corresponding to the guage of the wheels to be cast. Each end of the casting block
is further provided with projecting pins, or other devices, for holding suitable moulding
boxes or flasks ff and these pins may be fixed to the frame of the casting block, or
to the "chill plates."
The operation of moulding is as follows.-The axle or a piece or bar representing
it, is first inserted in the holes of the chill plates, the pattern wheel is placed on one
end of the axle, and resting on the chill plate; the moulding box is fastened in its
place, and sand is rammed in, in the usual manner; after which the casting block is
revolved by the wheel m, worm n, and worm wheel o, so as to bring the mould to the

page_text: bottom position; the table g is then raised up to the moulding box, the latter
loosened from its pins and lowered with the table vertically from the "chill plate."
In casting, the proper axle or shaft or axles or shafts, is or are fixed in the machine,
so that they project at each end, as far through the chill plate, as required. A
finished mould is then secured to each chill plate, and metal poured in.
When the
metal is set the moulding boxes are removed, and the axles with their wheels are
released by the withdrawal of a portion of each chill plate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The improved method of and means for obtaining the exact guage required in
cast metal wheels or other discs which are to be permanently united to their axles or
shafts during the process of casting substantially as hereinbefore described and shown
in the drawings.
2. The forming of chilled cast iron wearing surfaces upon the necks or journals of
axles, which journals may be between the wheels as shown in drawing, or in any
other suitable position on the axles, and whether these chilled surfaces form part of
the wheel-castings or not, substantially as herein described.
Dated 21st Noromban 1007