IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUCKLES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUCKLES communi-
cated to him from abroad by Hiram Kimball of Cleveland, United States
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
NANUFACTURE OF BUCKLES communicated to me from abroad by Hiram Kimball.
of Cleveland, United States,
The invention consists essentially in forming the sockets or ends of the turn-
buckles by means of dies in which the metal to be operated upon is entirely
enclosed and the forging of the metal is done by pressure of a die or plunger
entering an aperture in the enclosing dies and acting longitudinally on the ends of
the metal so as to force it into the form of cavities made in the dies for the
purpose.
In the drawings Fig 1 and 2 show the general form of Turn-Buckles forged in
the dies shown for applying the invention. Fig 3 shows an arrangement of dies
for forging such Turn-Buckle one end at a time; and Fig 4 and 8 arrangements
for forging both ends simultaneously, the saine letters of reference being used for
similar parts in all cases.
Fig 7 is a sectional view through Y, Y, of Fig 8. Fig 5 is a sectional viow
through X X of Fig 7 and Fig 6 an end view of the dies A, A¹.
A, A', are dies for enclosing the metal to be forged made in two parts so as to.
open in the middle as shown in Fig 5, 6 and 7. B, B, are two bars of iron of the
section desired for the side or connecting arms of the Turn-Buckles and of length
to furnish stock for the whole.
P, in Fig 3 and P, P, in Fig 4, 7 and 8, are plunger dies for forcing the metal
into the shape to form sockets for the ends of the Turn-Buckles.
I do not show framework for holding or mechanism for operating the dies as
they may be of ordinary or well known form.

page_text: The enclosing dies A, A¹ require to be so arranged that they may be readily
opened and closed and so that they may be closed quickly and firmly when the
metal to be forged is inserted.
The dies A, A', being open the bars B, B, at a welding heat are inserted as
shown in Fig 3, 4 and 8, the dies A, A', are firmly closed and the plungers B in
Fig 3 or B, B, in Figs 4 and 8 are quickly driven forward into the apertures in the
. enclosing dies, with sufficient force to weld and forge the ends of the bars into the
form of the cavities in the dies as shown by Fig 1 and 2.
I prefer to make the plungers B with a punch or point p projecting in the centre
substantially as shown in the drawings for the purpose of punching a hole partly
through the metal forged for sockets. Such a short punch without preventing the
ends from folding together leaves but little metal to be bored out to form sockets,
facilitates forcing the metal into the cavities, and by punching into and partly
through the folded ends of the bars so distributes the fibres of the iron around the
socket that the strength depends but little on a perfect weld.
By this method the metal is pressed into the desired form almost instantly, the
work all being done while the metal is at a high heat and in such a ductile
condition that it is easily forced into the form of the dies, and the plunger dies
being driven with sufficient force a reliable weld is ensured without the injury to
the fibres of the metal liable to occur when the forging is done by repeated blows.
It is obvious that by the use of appropriate dies any desirable form may be given
to the forged ends for sockets, an important feature being the facility for so
upsetting the connecting arms where they unite with the sockets, as shown in
Fig 1 and 2 as to avoid a sharp angle and also give a perfect form to the ends.
Instead of using straight bars as shown, the ends of the bars may be first forined
into any shape in which they can be inserted in the dies, as by being twisted or
coiled together; or shorter bars may be used and the necessary stock supplied by
inserting a separate block between the ends.
Turn-buckles forged by the method described, beside the advantage of more
perfect form than those forged in any other way are more reliable in quality owing
to the work on them being all done while the metal for the sockets is at a high
and uniform heat, the metal forged being subjected to great pressure while inclosed
giving it an increased and uniform density, and the fibres of the iron being inore
advantageously distributed.
The process of forging turn-buckles swivel links or analogous articles
substantially as herein described, consisting in forming the sockets on the
connecting arms, of the turn-buckles by means of dies in which the metal to
be operated upon is enclosed and forged into shape by a plunger die entering
and closing an aperture in the enclosing dies and forcing the metal into a
cavity formed in the dies for the purpose.
The combination with the dies A, A¹, having cavities for receiving the metal to
be forged and an opening for receiving a plunger die, of one plunger die, so
arranged that it may be driven into the enclosing die for the purpose of
pressing the metal into the desired form substantially as described for forging
turn-buckles and analogous shapes one end at a time.
The combination with the dies A, A', having cavities for receiving the metal to
be forged and openings for two. plunger dies, of two plunger dies P, P, so
arranged, substantially as described that both may be simultaneously driven
forward for the purpose of forging both ends of a turn-buckle at the same
time, substantially as described.
A plunger die P, of such form as to enter and close an opening in enclosing
dies and having a projecting punch or centre substantially as and for the
purpose described.

page_text: In mechanism for manufacturing turn-buckles, swivel links or analogous
articles, the combination with any convenient form of enclosing dies, of any
convenient form of plunger dies fitting an opening in the enclosing dies and
so arranged that the plunger dies may be driven forward against the metal
for the purpose of forcing it into cavities formed in the dies for the purpose
substantially as described.
A Turn-buckle, swivel link, or analogous article inade by the method herein.
described of enclosing the metal to be forged in dies and forging the ends or
sockets into shape by driving a plunger die into an opening in the enclosing
dies so as to force the metal into cavities formed in the dies for the purpose,
substantially as described.
n witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my hand
ud seal this 27th day of September, A.D. 1883.
H. J. HADDAN (L.S.)