A Cum Boan EMI SODO LEWED
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred James Hollingsworth, of No. 9, Oxford Street,
Southampton, in the County of Hampshire, for the Invention of "A
T
T ---- Cum Bovenian EMI SODO LEWED "
Sealed the 21st August 1863, and dated the 8th June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred James Hollingsworth
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th June 1863.
I, ALFRED JAMES HOLLINGSWORTH, of No. 9, Oxford Street, Southampton,
in the County of Hampshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion of "A NEW OR IMPROVED SPIRIT COMPASS WITH SCREW LEVER," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
The improvements in the said Invention consist in fixing the elastic
diaphragm used to increase the hydraulic pressure from the outside, which is
effected by unscrewing a chamber, and which, when screwed up, takes the
india-rubber or other material and tightly presses it into its seat; in furnishing
the under side of the diaphragm with a small projection, so that it may be con-
veniently drawn down preparatory to filling, by which means the assistance
of the air pump may be dispensed with, and by means of an apparatus at the
side of the bowl the compass card and appliances can be lifted off and replaced
in the centre; this apparatus consists of a system of levers, one of which passes
into the bowl through a small aperture properly fitted with a disc of india-

page_text: rubber or other like material. Two apertures are made through a lug in the
upper rim for filling the apparatus, the said apertures being closed by means
of square countersink nuts, and the filling holes are hidden and secured from
injury by means of a small plate let in flush, and the bowl of the machine is
adapted to meet the various contrivances herein described. I also employ a
compound or double needle, the parts being so arranged that when fixed they
form a diameter of the card as usual; but a semicircular curve in each part
together form the eye in the centre. The needle is fixed to the card at its
centre by means of steady pins passing through the flaps of a brass tube in the
circular portion of the needle under the cap; by this means I avoid the usual
fastenings towards the extremities of the needles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred James Hollingsworth in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
JAMES HOLLINGSWORTH, of No. 9, Oxford Street, Southampton, in the County
of Hampshire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alfred James Hollingsworth, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred
James Hollingsworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Alfred James Hollingsworth, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED SPIRIT COMPASS WITH SCREW LEVER,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred James Hollings-
worth, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred James Hollingsworth, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed,
and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
My improvements in spirit compasses consist in fixing the elastic dia-;
phragm from the outside, and in such a manner that the hydraulic pressure is
under perfect control. I also employ a double or compound needle, and by
means of a peculiar contrivance the card can be raised from off the centre pin-
and reseated at pleasure.
But in order that my Invention may be more fully understood, I will now
proceed to describe it more clearly by the aid of the accompanying Drawing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, Fig. 2 a section, and Fig. 3 a plan of my improved
compass.
A, bowl; B, screw, with circular plate C, for regulating the hydraulic pres-
sure; D, diaphragm; E, cap, made to unscrew, so as to get at the diaphragm;
F, F, filling holes; G, centre pin; H, needle in two pieces; I, I', levers; J,
chamber for fixing the diaphragm; K, compass card; L, small aperture
through which the lever I¹ passes. The elastic diaphragm D, used to generate
and sustain the hydraulic pressure in the bowl A, is fixed from the outside by
means of the chamber J, which screws on to the bottom part of the bowl and
presses the diaphragm firmly into its seat, and it is acted on when necessary
by means of the vertical screw B, furnished with the circular plate C, which
presses against the diaphragm; when, therefore, this screw is turned, it neces-
sarily acts on the diaphragm, so that the hydraulic pressure is under perfect
control and is almost unlimited.
The hydraulic apparatus is protected from injury by means of the cap E,
which screws on the bottom part of the bowl over the chamber of the dia-
phragm. The compass card and appliances can be raised from off the centre
pin G and reseated thereon by means of an apparatus at the side of the bowl
A, consisting of a system of levers I, I', one of which, I', passes into the bowl
through a small aperture L, properly fitted with a disc of india-rubber or
other like material; by this arrangement all unnecessary wear of the centre
may be avoided when the compass is not in use. The bowl (which is adapted
to meet the various contrivances herein described) is filled with spirit through
the two apertures F, F, made at the side; square countersunk nuts screw
close these apertures, which are hidden and secured by means of a small plate

page_text: let in flush. The needle H is compound or double, but the parts are so
arranged as to coincide when fixed with a diameter of the card, as usual, and
the eye in the centre is formed by means of a semicircular curve in each
needle. It is fixed to the card at its centre by means of steady pins passing
through the flaps of a brass tube in the circular portion of the needle under
the cap; by this means I avoid all fastenings at the extremities of the
needles.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which I carry the same into effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details of size and construction herein laid
down; but what I claim, and desire to be secured by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the fixing and mode of fixing the diaphragm from the outside, and
the application thereto of a vertical screw for regulating the hydraulic pressure,
as herein-before described and shewn in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly, the peculiar construction of the needle and the mode of fixing the
same to the compass card.
Thirdly, the contrivance for raising the card from off the centre pin and
for reseating same, as herein-before described and shewn in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred James Hollingsworth, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this 28th day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
ALFRED J. HOLLINGSWORTH. (L.S.)