AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OR MODE OF STOPPING, PLUGGING, OR CLOSING INKSTANDS, BOTTLES, AND OTHER VESSELS OF CAPACITY
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Archibald Jaques, of Tottenham, in the
County of Middlesex, Chymist, and John Americus Fanshawe, of the
same Place, Engineer, for the Invention of" AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
OR MODE OF STOPPING, PLUGGING, OR CLOSING INKSTANDS, BOTTLES, AND OTHER
VESSELS OF CAPACITY."
Sealed the 19th September 1861, and dated the 18th July 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Archibald Jaques
and John Americus Fanshawe at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 18th July 1861.
We, JAMES ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex,
Chyinist, and JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR OR MODE OF STOPPING, PLUGGING, OR CLOSING INKSTANDS, BOTTLES, AND OTHER
VESSELS OF CAPACITY," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of "An Improved Apparatus for and Mode of Stopping,
Plugging, or Closing Inkstands, Bottles, and other Vessels of Capacity,"
consists in making the plug or stopper whereby such vessels are closed in the
form of a screw, made wholly or partly of vulcanized india-rubber, or some
other suitable elastic material. For some vessels, such as inkstands, it may
[Price 8d1

page_text: be necessary to make the plug hollow, either by making a hole completely
through it or by inserting a tube therein. If the screw, plug, or stopper be
made of vulcanized india-rubber, so as to be elastic, then a socket of some
hard material, with a female screw made therein, may be fixed in the neck of
the vessel, or the female screw, if preferred, may be made in the neck of the
vessel itself. The desired effect may also be produced by fixing an elastic
female screw in the neck of the vessel,and making the screw, plug, or stopper
of some hard material, such as wood, metal, glass, or porcelain.
For some vessels, such as bottles and even some kind of inkstands, the
screw, plugs, or stoppers will not require a hole to be made through them, but
may be made solid, and when properly fitted to the socket, they will form a
perfectly air and water-tight joint.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Archibald Jaques and John Americus Fanshawe in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we JAMES
ARCHIBALD JAQUES, of Tottenham, in the County of Middlesex, Chymist, and
JOHN AMERICUS FANSHAWE, of the same Place, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
James Archibald Jaques and John Americus Fanshawe, Her special license
that we, the said James Archibald Jaques and John Americus Fanshawe,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
James Archibald Jaques and John Americus Fanshawe, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OR MODE OF STOPPING,
PLUGGING, OR CLOSING INKSTANDS. BOTTLES, AND OTHER VESSELS OF CAPACITY,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Archi-
bald Jaques and John Americus Fanshawe, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Archibald Jaques, on behalf
of myself and of the said John Americus Fanshawe, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thercon (that is to say):-
"
Our Invention of "An Improved Apparatus for and Mode of Stopping,
Plugging, or Closing Inkstands, Bottles, and other Vessels of Capacity "
consists in making the plug or stopper whereby such vessels are closed in the
form of ascrew, made wholly or partly of vulcanized india-rubber,gutta percha
or some other suitable elastic material. For some vessels, such as inkstands,
it may be necessary to make the plug hollow, either by making a hole com-
pletely through it or by inserting a tube therein. If the screw plug or stopper
be made of vulcanized india-rubber so as to be elastic, theu a socket of some
hard material, with a female screw made therein, may be fixed in the neck of
the vessel; or the female screw, if preferred, may be made in the neck of the
vessel itself. The desired effect may also be produced by fixing au elastic
female screw in the neck of the vessel and making the screw plug or stopper
of some hard material, such as wood, metal, glass, or porcelain.
For some vessels, such as bottles and even some kinds of inkstands, the
screw plugs or stoppers will not require a hole to be made through them, but
such plugs or stoppers may be made solid, and when properly fitted to the
socket, they will form a perfectly air and water-tight joint.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn various views of different
forms of and modes of adapting plugs or stoppers to a variety of kinds of
vessels of capacity.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a screw stopper, which may be adapted to a
bottle or other vessel of capacity, as shewn in Fig. 2. The body part a of this
stopper is formed of wood, porcelain, metal, or other hard substance provided
with a roughened surface, around which is lapped a suitable thickness of
uncured india-rubber b, prepared by the admixture of sulphur therewith for
vulcanization. The bottle or vessel c, shown in section in Fig. 2, is provided
with a spout, and has a female screw made in the neck. In order to produce
the elastic screw on the stopper, the pluga covered with india-rubber,as shewn

page_text: at Fig. 1, is screwed into the female screw of a mould or die, made with a
female screw similar to that in the neck of the bottle c, and while in this die
or mould it is submitted to the ordinary curing operation, the result of which
will be that the india-rubber covering of the plug a will be formed into a male
screw, as shewn in Fig. 2, and in section at Fig. 1',and will accurately fit the
female screw in the neck of the bottle. The screwing down of the soft rubber b
into the neck of the bottle c will form a perfectly air and water-tight joint.
Anopeninge communicating from the interior of the vessel with the open part
of the spout will be closed when the plug bis screwed down, but upon
unscrewing the latter about half or three-quarters of a turn, space will be left
for the liquid in the vessel to flow out and air to enter to supply its place.
Another method of forming the elastic plug is shewn at Fig. 3. In this
instance a suitable thickness of soft rubber is lapped round a core made of
hard rubber compound or other suitable hard substance, and is screwed into a
female screw, made of metal, in which it is to be vulcanized or cured, and
upon being removed therefrom it will be found to fit a correspondingly made
metal female screw. In Fig.3 the elastic plug is shewn as partially unscrewed
from the metal female screw in the neck of the bottle. Fig. 4 represents the
neck part of a bottle, in which is inserted a metallic female screw f, similar
to that shewn at Fig. 3,and with the elastic screw plug screwed down therein.
The metal female screw is secured in the neck of the bottle by means of
cement, or in any other convenient manner.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of an inkstand constructed upon our improved
plan.,, is the body of the inkstand, which may be made of glass or other
suitable substance, the neck of which is roughened and has a male screw /
formed thereon by covering it with a suitable and convenient thicknessof soft
rubber or guttapercha and rubber prepared forvulcanizing,and then moulding
the soft rubber or guita percha and rubber in a mould or die, as in the former
instances. The top or cover part of the inkstand has a female screw cut or
formed thereon, and by screwing this down on to the elastic male screw ha
perfectly air and water-tight joint will be produced. In the centre part of the
cover i is made a female screw, in which is inserted a plug b,provided with an
elastic screw b', which may be formed by lapping a thickness of soft rubber or
gutta percha and rubber round a hard core, as in Figures 1 and 2, and
moulding the same in a female screw die, as in the former instances. The
elastic screw plug & carries a cup at its upper end to receive the ink from the
reservoir below. In order to fill the glass vessel with ink, the screw plugj
must first be removed and then the ink may be poured in through the

page_text: opening thereby obtained. The cover should also be partly unscrewed.
When the vessel is supplied with ink, the plug j must be replaced, and upon
screwing down the cover i on the neck of the inkstand the ink will be forced
up the hole in the plugj into the cup above. In order to render the inkstand
portable the elastic screw plug b is to be screwed down in its socket until the
lower end of the plug 6 bears tightly against the bottom of the inkstand, when
no liquid can possibly escape.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of another form of inkstand, in which the screw
plug b is made solid, and the dipping cup is secured permanently to the
coveri of the ink reservoir. In this instance the screw plug b is made elastic,
and the female screw or socket is made of some suitable rigid substance. The
cover iis cemented or otherwise permanently secured to the neck of the
reservoir, but it is obvious that it may be screwed on, as in Fig. 5, so as to be
easily removeable. Or, if desired, the inkstand with its dipping cup may be
made wholly of glass or other suitable material except the screw plug b, which
must be made of some elastic material, as in the Figures already described.
Figures 6 and 7 are sectional views of the upper or neck part of a jar or
wide mouthed bottle, with one of our improved stoppers adapted thereto. The
elastic part of the fastening or joint is secured to the outside of the neck of the
vessel, and the cover or stopper which closes the same is made of metal, glass,
porcelain, earthenware, or other suitable hard substance. In Fig. 6 the india-
rubber or other elastic screw slightly laps over or extends above the edge of
the neck, as shewn at d (Fig. 6), and consequently when the cover is screwed
down a perfectly tight joint is produced. The same effect may be obtained
by placing an elastic washer at the bottom of the neck, as shewn at k in Fig. 7
so that when the cover is screwed down its lower edge will bed upon the
washer k, and form an air-tight joint.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view, and Fig. 9 a plan view of a stopper for a ship's
water tank or cask. 1, 1, is a metal plate, which is to be secured on to the
top of the tank or cask by screws or otherwise, and has a large opening c made
therein; this opening has a female screw cut in it, and the plug or stopper b
is made in the form of a male screw, which fits into the female screw. In
the Drawing the male screw is represented as elastic, and the female screw
made of rigid substance, but it will be evident that, if desired, the male screw
may be made of rigid and the female screw of elastic materials.
Having now described our Invention, of "An Improved Apparatus for or
Mode of Stopping, Plugging, or Closing Inkstands, Bottles, and other Vessels
of Capacity," and having explained the manner of carrying the same into

page_text: effect, we claim as our Invention stopping, plugging, or closing the openings
or apertures of vessels of capacity by the combination of a rigid or unyielding
substance cut or made in the form of a male or female screw, with an elastic
or yielding substance cut or made in the form of a female or male screw to fit
the rigid or unyielding screw, as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Archibald Jaques, Fanshawe,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Eighteenth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JAS. A. JAQUES. (L.S.)