matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED MEANS OF EXHIBITING PICTURES, DRAWINGS, ENGRAVINGS, ETCHINGS, PHOTOGRAPHS, AND OTHER WORKS OF ART, OR OBJECTS REQUIRING TO BE VIEWED AT SPECIAL ANGLES OF LIGHT."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew MacCallum at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th April 1880.
ANDREW MACCALLUM, of 47, Bedford Gardens, Campden Hill, in the County of
Middlesex. IMPROVED MEANS OF EXHIBITING PICTURES, DRAWINGS, ENGRAVINGS,
ETCHINGS, PHOTOGRAPHS, AND OTHER WORKS OF ART, OR OBJECTS REQUIRING TO
BE VIEWED AT SPECIAL ANGLES OF LIGHT."
Heretofore it has been customary to exhibit pictures, drawings, engravings,
etchings, photographs, and other works of art, or objects, by simply hanging them
to the walls of the rooms in which they are exhibited, or to partitions, screens, or
furniture (stationary or otherwise), erected for that purpose, the number exhibited
being limited by the area of the walls, partitions, or screens, within the ordinary
range of vision.
The object of my Invention is to provide means whereby a much larger number
of pictures and other objects can be exhibited and inspected than can be hung
singly to the walls, partitions, screens or furniture in the ordinary way, and at the
same time the said pictures or other objects can be turned into positions suitable for
being viewed or worked at at the proper angle of light.
The Invention consists in arranging columns or rods, preferably of metal, at
suitable distances from the walls, partitions, or screens, or enclosed in a frame or box,
the lower ends of such columns or rods being secured to the floor or to the lower
part of the walls, partitions, screens, or furniture, and the upper ends to the ceiling
or to the upper part of the walls, partitions, or screens. On these columns or rods
are mounted at suitable heights, metallic brackets, arms, or hinges, capable of turning
thereon, so as to assume various positions with reference to the walls, partitions,
screens, or furniture of the room. These brackets, arms, or hinges are made of
successively increasing lengths and with suitable sockets or plates by which the
pictures or other objects are secured. The successively increasing lengths of the
said brackets, arms, or hinges, allow the pictures or other objects with their frames
to be placed one behind the other, and to fold against the walls, partitions, screens,
or furniture, like the leaves of a book, so that when it is desired to inspect any
particular picture or other object, it is only necessary to turn aside those frames
in front in order to obtain a full view of the said picture or other object.
The columns or rods may be arranged so that the pictures or other objects may
be presented to view or worked at either vertically, horizontally, or inclined, as may
be desired, and may be enclosed in a frame, box, or drawer, and thus secured from
light, dust, and injuries.
THE MANUFACTURE OF A NEW COMPOUND OR MIXTURE FOR CHOLERA, DIARRHOEA, AND MEDICINAL PURPOSES CENERALLY
Year: 1880

page_text: 5
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Williams at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1880.
WILLIAM WILLIAMS, of No. 9, Hampden Street, Clarendon Square, St. Pancras,
in the County of Middlesex, Grocer. "THE MANUFACTURE OF A NEW COMPOUND
OR MIXTURE FOR CHOLERA, DIARRHOEA, AND MEDICINAL PURPOSES CENERALLY."
This Invention consists in the manufacture of a new compound or mixture for
producing an immediate cure of all pains in the stomach and bowels, and also for
medicinal purposes generally.
The compound
made up of the following ingredients :-
Flour.
Ground rice.
Ground cinamon.
Carraway seeds.
Ground ginger.
Raw sugar.
Ground cloves.
Cayanne pepper.
To carry out my Invention I mix the before mentioned ingredients in the
proportions following, that is to say :-
1 lb. flour.
1 lb. ground rice.
2 ozs. ground cinamon.
2
"
2
"
carraway seeds.
ground ginger.
8 raw sugar.
"
1 ounce ground cloves.
1/2 ounce cayanne pepper.
This mixture will be found suitable for children as well as for adults.
The several ingredients after being well granulated will be sold in powder with
0 directions for use.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January 1880. A communication
from abroad by Thomas Sederl, of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FIRE-ARMS." A communication from abroad by Thomas Sederl, of
Vienna, in the Empire of Austria.
'
The improvements relate more particularly to revolvers, and consist in a device
for automatically throwing out the cartridge cases after the cartridges have been
used. For this purpose the shaft of the revolving cartridge drum or receptacle has
at its back an annular groove, into which projects the inner head of a cartridge
extractor movable parallel to the axis of the drum and guided in a dove tailed
groove of the revolver casing. The back-end of the cartridge extractor interlocks
with one (the upper) end of a small double armed lever, the other (lower) arm of
which is pushed forward by the hammer during the descent of the latter so as to
cause the rim of a cartridge case to be seized by the head of the extractor and to be
thrown out. To prevent the extractor from seizing and throwing out a full cartridge.
at the first shot a lock pin is lodged in the revolver casing, and pressed with its
wedge-shaped front between the extractor and the said lever, which causes the
extractor to miss during its motion the corresponding cartridge, and the lower end
of the lever moves forward so as not to be hit by the hammer during the descent of
the latter. In order to set the lock pin out of action, after the first shot, it is
provided with an appendage forming an inclined plane coming into contact with a
corresponding portion of the hammer, which in falling thrusts back the said lock pin
and sets the cartridge extractor free. A spring lodged in a cavity of the revolver
casing presses upon the draw-lever so as to repel the extractor in its former position
after having been pulled back by the descent of the cock. The opening through
which the cartridge shells are drawn out may be covered by a movable lid pivoted
at the side of the revolver casing and made to remove from the said opening by
the drawing up of the cock so as to leave room for the extraction of the cartridge
shell.
AN IMPROVED COMBINED FLOATING DOCK AND LIFT."
Year: 1880

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jonathan Russell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd July 1880.
JONATHAN RUSSELL, of Crosby Square, in the City of London, Marine Surveyor.
AN IMPROVED COMBINED FLOATING DOCK AND LIFT."
This Invention relates to the construction of an improved floating graving dock,
which may also be employed as a floating lift for carrying ships with their cargoes
on board over the bars of rivers and harbours.
The improved floating dock and lift consists of a flat bottomed hollow pontoon
built of wood, iron, steel, or other suitable material, of any required dimensions to
suit the class of ships intended to be docked for repairs or carried. The pontoons
are fitted with hollow side and fore floating chambers the whole length, for floating
the dock or lift when submerged to any required depth in order to take ships on.
Internally the pontoon and side chambers will be divided transversely into as many
sections or compartments as may be required, with one or more stop decks at
various depths as required.
Elastic self acting continuous bilge blocks may be fitted the whole length of the
dock or lift, which will fit and adapt themselves to any shaped ship's bottom
without labour, or other suitable blocks may be employed.
Valves, air pipes, gauges, pumps, and steam engines are fitted to the lift with
propellers, rudders, and steering gear.
A quay way is provided all round the dock or lift as in an ordinary dock.
Gates are provided at the after part of the dock or lift arranged so that they can
be lowered as required.
At a suitable height the dock or lift is provided with an interior water-tight top
to prevent the dock or lift being immersed below a certain depth, thus rendering
the dock or lift unsinkable.
A temporary deck is provided so that the dock or lift may be built at any
suitable port, and being bow formed like a ship can be steamed and sailed to its
destination without requiring to be towed, masts, sails, and the usual equipment for
a sea voyage being provided. It will thus be seen that this dock or lift may be
steamed to a vessel at sea requiring to be repaired, and can then carry the vessel
into port for repairs, or the repairs may be effected in any sheltered position.
When used as a lift the object of the same is to carry loaded vessels over bars.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE AND MEANS OF DISPLAYING ADVERTISEMENTS OR GOODS."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th February 1880. A communi-
cation from abroad by Pierre Boissier and Eugène Charles Sonnet, both of
Paris, in the Republic of France.
66
A
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE AND MEANS OF DISPLAYING ADVERTISEMENTS OR GOODS."
communication from abroad by Pierre Boissier and Eugène Charles Sonnet, both
of Paris, in the Republic of France.
The improvements consist in imparting to the sheet which carries the adver-
tisement or to the goods to be exhibited a rotary or reciprocating motion, so as
to expose every advertisement or article to the spectator at certain intervals,
which may be effected by placing the advertisements or goods on a horizontal
or vertical endless sheet travelling over two parallel rollers or by winding the
advertisement sheet slowly periodically upon and off a roller.
For exhibiting goods or advertisements in show rooms it is preferred to mount
the sheets or the goods on a number of vertical prismatic columns placed in four
rows along the walls of the show room, and receiving an intermittent rotary notion
by means of four horizontal shafts, each running over the top of one row and being
connected with the adjoining shafts by bevel wheels. The prismatic columns or
barrels obtain an intermittent rotary motion, preferably by means of teeth or
projections, equal in number to the number of sides of the prism, and coming in
contact with corresponding cams or teeth on the respective driving shaft.
The revolving barrels may be constructed with glass sides, and illuminated
internally by gas flames or otherwise, and the shafts may be set in motion by any
known means, but preferably by means of a weight attached to a rope wound upon
a barrel which drives one of the driving shafts by tooth gearing or otherwise.
SUNSHADES, PARASOLS, or UMBRELLAS SO AS TO ADAPT THEM FOR USE AS PORTABLE TABLES OR FLAT SURFACES IN TRAVELLING, OR OTHERWISE, OR AS AN ADVERTIZING MEDIUM."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Keet at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1880.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
JAMES KEET, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
SUNSHADES, PARASOLS, or UMBRELLAS SO AS TO ADAPT THEM FOR USE AS
PORTABLE TABLES OR FLAT SURFACES IN TRAVELLING, OR OTHERWISE, OR AS
AN ADVERTIZING MEDIUM."
In railway travelling especially people are often inconvenienced by the difficulty
of forming an impromptu table. This difficulty I overcome by my Invention
without adding anything to a lady's luggage. I make a parasol with the various
segments of cloth so that they shall when spread out form a perfectly flat surface,
each division being a true triangle, instead of having a curved contour. I then, in
the stem of the umbrella, place a detent or stop, in addition to or as a substitute
for the ordinary stop, at such point that when the umbrella catch or rib tube
is brought above it, and resting on it, the rib stands out perfectly horizontally
above the stop and the rib tube. I place another stop so as to prevent the
umbrella turning inside out, and so as to stiffen it, so that it cannot give in either
direction when in the horizontal direction. On each triangular cloth I propose
to put an advertizement, so as to make these sunshade-tables cheaply. When used
as sunshades the wick tube is placed on the lower detent, when it is not very
distinguishable from an ordinary sunshade. When wanted for a table the wick
tube is placed between the upper detent and the stop. It then becomes a flat
disc on the top with a slightly conical set of struts from the wick tube to the ribs
below. The stick acts as one leg of the table if desirable, and the edges of
the sunshade resting on the knees of the passengers form the main support.
table need not be perfectly flat; it can be so made as to be slightly convex or
concave at the option of the owner by simply pressing the ribs up or down. In
such case the triangles are preferably a little tighter round the periphery than
elsewhere.
The
AN IMPROVED SELF ACTING AND DISINFECTING APPARATUS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH WATER CLOSETS, SINKS, AND SEWERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Duggan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th October 1880.
THOMAS DUGGAN, of North Circular Road, Dublin, in the County of Dublin,
Ireland. "AN IMPROVED SELF ACTING AND DISINFECTING APPARATUS FOR USE
IN CONNECTION WITH WATER CLOSETS, SINKS, AND SEWERS."
Our said Invention relates to self acting and disinfecting apparatus to be
employed in connection with water closets, sinks, and sewers; and consists of a
cylinder or tube open at both ends and provided with flanges for the purpose of
attaching the apparatus to the water closet basin, or insertion in connection with
ordinary sewer pipes.
Around the interior of this cylinder or tube is formed a shoulder or projection
against which a disc or circular plate is caused to abut, and on the outer circum-
ference we arrange a chamber or receptacle for the purpose of holding a disinfecting
liquid. In this chamber or receptacle a metal weight is suspended and is connected
to a lever hinge, on which hinge the aforesaid or circular plate operates. The
action of the apparatus may be thus briefly described.
When water or other pressure impinges against the disc or circular plate it falls
or opens, and in doing so causes the weight attached to its lever hinge to rise in the
disinfecting chamber, thereby disturbing the disinfecting liquid, and consequently
preventing the rise or spread of any obnoxious effluvia.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS WITH VERTICAL RUNNERS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GUN-POWDER
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Pieper at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th October 1880. A communication
from Louis Schwartzkopff, Director of the Berliner Maschinenbau Action-
Gesellschaft, vormals L. Schwartzkopff, of Berlin, Prussia.
CARL PIEPER, Civil-Engineer and Patent-Agent, of 109-110, Gneisenau-strasse,
Berlin, S.W., Prussia. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS WITH VERTICAL RUNNERS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF GUN-POWDER." A communication from Louis Schwartzkopff,
Director of the Berliner Maschinenbau Actien-Gesellschaft, vormals L. Schwartzkopff,
of Berlin, Prussia.
This Invention relates to mills with vertical runners used in the manufacture of
gun-powder, and in which the axle of the runners is suspended by rods to a cross-
head fixed to the vertical main shaft for the purpose of keeping the runners at the
certain small distance from the table, against which they operate. The improve-
ments forming the subject-matter of the Invention are as follows:-
Firstly. Either end of the axle on which the runners rotato rests in a bearing
fitted into the eye of the suspension-rod, and allowing of a certain oscillatory motion
in the said eye, so that the axle may assume an angular position without straining
or bending the suspension-rod.
Secondly. The head of the suspension-rods is partly borne by india rubber rings,
serving to weaken any concussion which may ensue between the said head and
its metallic support when a runner after having been lifted suddenly descends.
Between the said india-rubber rings may be inserted washers of leather, having
their inside edge raised and by preference closely surrounding the suspension-rod.
Thirdly. The parts of the machine which may in any manner be subject to
concussions, or to which spanners or other tools have to be applied, are covered by
caps, or, as the case may be, by rings made of leather, india-rubber, or other suitable
flexible material, for preventing powder-dust from settling on them, as such parts
are especially to be regarded, the ends of the axle passing through the eye of the
suspension-rod, the top of the said rod, and the lower bearing of the vertical main-
shaft. The caps and rings may be fastened by straps, with buckles, or otherwise.
FLOATING DOCK AND LIFT
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Redfern at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January 1880. [A com-
munication from abroad by Jonathan Russell, of the City of London, but
temporarily of Hansweert, in the Kingdom of Holland.]
GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the General Patent Office, 4, South Street,
"AN IMPROVED COMBINED
Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent.
FLOATING DOCK AND LIFT." [A communication from abroad by Jonathan Russell,
of the City of London, but temporarily of Hansweert, in the Kingdom of Holland.]
The Invention communicated to me relates to the construction of an improved
floating graving dock, which may also be employed as a floating lift for carrying
ships with their cargoes on board over the bars of rivers and harbours.
The improved floating dock and lift consists of a flat bottomed hollow pontoon,
built of wood, iron, steel, or other suitable material, of any required dimensions to
The pontoons
suit the class of ships intended to be docked for repairs or carried.
are fitted with hollow side and fore floating chambers the whole length for floating
the dock or lift when submerged to any required depth in order to take ships on.
Internally the pontoon and side chambers will be divided transversely into as
many sections or compartments as may be required, with one or more stop decks at
various depths, as required.
Elastic self acting continuous bilge blocks may be fitted the whole length of the
dock or lift which will fit and adapt themselves to any shaped ship's bottom without
labour; or other suitable blocks may be employed.
Valves, air pipes, gauges, pumps, and steam engines are fitted to the lift, with
propellers, rudders, and steering gear.
A quay way is provided all round the dock or lift as in an ordinary dock.
Gates are provided at the after part of the dock or lift arranged so that they can
be lowered as required.
At a suitable height the dock or lift is provided with an interior water. tight top
to prevent the dock or lift being immersed below a certain depth, thus rendering
the dock or lift unsinkable.

page_text: A temporary deck is provided so that the dock or lift may be built at any
suitable port, and being bow formed like a ship, can be steamed and sailed to its
destination without requiring to be towed, masts, sails, and the usual equipment
for a sea voyage being provided. It will thus be seen that this dock or lift may
be steamed to a vessel at sea requiring to be repaired, and can then carry the vessel
into port for repairs, or the repairs may be effected at sea. When used as a lift the
object of the same is to carry loaded vessels over bars.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS OR SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: A
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th January 1880.
communication from Karl Zimmerman, of Odessa, in the Russian Empire.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. von
Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS OR SIMILAR ARTICLES." A communication from
Karl Zimmerman, of Odessa, in the Russian Empire.
The improvements consist in constructing an umbrella or parasol so as to render
it capable of being folded, by composing each of the supporting rods of two pieces
hinged together, and the stick of two or more pieces, which may be shifted into each
other in telescope fashion. The inner half of each supporting rod is hinged to the
outer one near the point, where the stay is hinged to the supporting rod, and is
continued beyond its hinge so as to admit the folding of the supporting rod only in
one direction. The two (or more) pieces composing the stick may be kept in their
position by means of a movable sleeve and a spring attached to the hollow stick
internally, and provided at its free end with a button which protrudes through an
opening in the circumference of the stick when not pushed back by hand. The
ends of the supporting rods are provided with hooks which can be made to catch in
the rims of two cup-shaped sleeves attached to the umbrella stick. A sharp pointed
pin is screwed into the top end of the umbrella stick, and serves also to hold the
upper one of the said cup shaped sleeves in its position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESS FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Wilson Morrell and William
Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1880.
ROBERT WILSON MORRELL, of Bradford, in the County of York, Merchant, and
WILLIAM WALKER, of the same Place, Dyer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESS FABRICS."
The object of this Invention is to produce a wearable cloth or stuff, pure fabric,
known in the trade as Italian. Hitherto this cloth has been used exclusively for
the lining of coats, and has been finished for this purpose with a satin like surface.
In our improvement the cloth is woven in the ordinary way, but treated and
finished afterwards in an entirely novel manner, so far as this particular kind of
goods is concerned. It is subjected to a process known as milling with stocks or
milling machines, or again, in some instances, both milling and raising the cloth by
cards or teazles whereby a new and useful dress fabric is produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM AND OTHER SHIPS FOR CARRYING GRAIN AND OTHER CARGOES IN BULK
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Britton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1880.
THOMAS BRITTON, of Sunderland, in the County of Durham.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN OR CONNECTED WITH THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM AND OTHER SHIPS FOR
CARRYING GRAIN AND OTHER CARGOES IN BULK."
The main object of my Invention is to provent the shifting of grain and other
cargoes in bulk, and to facilitate the loading of the same, and as regards coal and
and other dangerous cargoes, to ventilate the same.
For this purpose I fix, say, two longitudinal bulkheads of iron or wood in the
hold of the vessel, so as to divide the hold into three separate compartments, the
said bulkheads to be the full length of hold and fixed diagonally between the bilge
and the centre of the ship.
In the longitudinal bulkheads doors are placed at a convenient distance apart to
allow cargo to be taken from side compartments.
In the way of the hatches doors are fixed to the longitudinal partition for loading
and discharging the contre compartment. These doors are secured by a fore and
aft plate fitted between the hatch coverings.
This arrangement prevents the cargo in the centre compartment from putting any
strain on the hatch covers.
By the above arrangements I obtain the following results :-
First. That the slanting positions of the longitudinal bulkheads prevent grain or
other cargoes from shifting.
Second. That this arrangement facilitates the loading and self-trimming of the
vessel.
Third. That by dividing the hold or cargo in the way described the gases from
the coal and other cargoes will escape or pass up the underside of the longitudinal
bulkheads to the ventilators.
Fourth. That this principle of dividing the hold allows three kinds of grain to be
carried in one hold with safety, and kept quite distinct.
Fifth. That the slanting position of the longitudinal bulkheads prevents the
breakage of soft coal, as it allows it to slide easily down to bottom or bilge of
ship.
This Invention can be applied to vessels already built, as well as to vessels in
course of construction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ENRICHING GAS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Vale at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January 1880.
JOHN HENRY VALE, of Hamburgh, in the German Empire. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR ENRICHING GAS."
For the purpose of enriching inflammable gas it is often on its way to the
burner passed through a carburetting vessel containing heavy oil, naphthaline or
other hydrocarbon, and this vessel receives heat from the burner or burners so that
a portion of its contents becomes vaporised, and the vapour mingling with the
gas gives it great illuminating power. For the purpose of heating the carburetting
vessel it is often provided with a plate or piece of metal projecting from its side
immediately over the gas flame, so as to receive therefrom heat which is conveyed
to the contents of the carburetting vessel by conduction. My Invention relates
to means of regulating the heat so applied, and of providing against the passage to
the burner of any of the solid or liquid contents of the carburetting vessel. For
this purpose I make the carburetting vessel of cylindrical, spherical, or other
circular forin, and I fit on it a ring which can be freely turned round on it in a
horizontal plane. From this ring projects a blade which in one position of the ring
is immediately over and rests on a piece of conducting metal attached to the
carburetting vessel, and also over the gas flame receiving full heat from the flame,
which heat is fully conducted to the carburetting vessel. By turning the ring
more or less round the blade is moved with it so as to be more or less removed
from being vertically over the flame and heat conductor, and so to receive and
deliver a less or greater amount of heat. When there are several burners the ring
has a corresponding number of blades each over a conductor.
In order to prevent passage of solid or liquid matter from the carburetting
vessel, I make the pipe which leads the enriched gas to the burner project upwards
into a cavity to which leads a pipe within the carburetting vessel from the upper
part thereof, so that if any solid or liquid should find its way into the inside pipe
it is deposited in the cavity without passing into the gas pipe, and this cavity
being formed within the heat conductor above mentioned, the deposit becomes
rapidly vaporised. According to another method I make the gas pipe continuous
from within the carburetting vessel to the burner, but I provide at the mouth of
the pipe. within the vessel an inclined annular or bent pipe having in front numerous
perforations and behind a communication with the gas pipe, so that any solid or
liquid matter entering it by the perforations in front can also issue therefrom while
the gas continues to pass freely to the pipe leading to the burner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ASPIRATORS OR EXHAUSTERS FOR THRASHING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Shirley Bowden, of 33, Southampton Buildings, Holborn,
London, Gentleman, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ASPIRATORS OR
EXHAUSTERS FOR THRASHING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by
Lucien Royer and Pierre Royer, of 33, Rue des Ecoles, Paris, in the Republic
of France.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Shirley Bowden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th April 1880.
SHIRLEY BOWDEN, of 33, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, London, Gentleman.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN ASPIRATORS OR EXHAUSTERS. FOR THRASHING MACHINES.”
[A communication from abroad by Lucien Royer and Pierre Royer, of 33, Rue
des Ecoles, Paris, in the Republic of France.]
This Invention relates to an improved aspirator or exhauster applicable to
thrashing machines. Such improved aspirator is provided with four openings, two
of which are placed between the beater and cylinder to protect the workman who
superintends the, feeding, and two between the beater and the apparatus for
drawing the straw to protect the workman who superintends the beating.
The exhauster is so arranged that all dust is rendered invisible, while at
whatever speed the beating proceeds not a grain of corn escapes, a sieve being
applied in such a manner as to retain it at the same time that it permits the dust
to escape.
The flue or chimney of the aspirator adapts itself to any requirements, and may
either be vertical, horizontal, oblique, or arched, as required, while it turns freely in
any direction.
By this improved exhauster the dust is concentrated within a closed chamber
with which the chimney or flue communicates, whence it cannot escape, and which
chamber is emptied periodically as required.
The flue of the exhauster does not pass into the open air, and does not therefore
take in any moisture, while it maintains its oxpulsivo power.
A sliding board is provided between the tubes or pipes, which can be readily
removed without interfering with the exhauster, so as to obtain access to the
beater for freeing it when choked, and subsequently restarting it, at the same time
that it allows the workmen to freely communicate with each other.
Latticed apertures are provided in the sides of the closed chambers before
mentioned to liberate the air introduced therein by the exhauster.

page_text: Invention so communicated to me as aforesaid, the improved construction of
aspirator or exhauster, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Shirley Bowden, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty seventh day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
SHIRLEY BOWDEN, (L.S.)
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Leeming at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1880.
JOHN LEEMING, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Maker. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates, firstly, to the shelves of the shuttle box, the outer edge of
which I bend or crank downwards so as to prevent the weft being trapped or
caught and broken between the shelf and the plate on the shuttle. The shuttle by
this arrangement may be worked either with or without the usual shuttle plate.
Secondly. The shuttle box front is formed with a projecting lip, slightly over-
hanging the shuttle spaces so as to prevent the shuttle rising or turning in the box.
Thirdly. In addition to the ordinary swell I apply a projection and sliding
block, mounted in a recess, within and along which it is capable of being slided,
that so soon as the shoulder of the shuttle passes the swell it comes in contact
with the projection on the slide block, the latter being held by adjustable spring
so that the shuttle is gradually arrested, and the spring being charged assists the
picker on the return stroke.
Fourthly. In circular box looms the spring employed for keeping the draw-down
rods in position I construct in the form of a hook or clip at its loose end so as to
embrace the draw-down rod and steady the latter without the aid of the ordinary
guide plates.
Fifthly. The pattern mechanism I drive direct from the crank shaft by pinion
and intermediate wheel. The latter also acts as peg wheel to a slow wheel on a
stud carrying the pattern barrel, the latter having a flange at one end and a pin
which enters a recess or hole in the faces of the star wheel so as to lock the barrel
and star wheel during the ordinary working of the pattern mechanisın. The barrel
is capable of being slided on its stud so as to draw out the locking pin that the
barrel may be turned in either direction without moving any other part of the
loom for change of cards or other purpose.
Sixthly. For operating the healds I employ another lever working on a fulcrum.
To the upper arm of the lever is a cross rod carrying the draw hooks. The latter
is provided with a hooked end which engages with a projection or pin on a slide
piece working on runners. The lower part of the slide is so formed as to engage
with and lock a lever, the extended arm of which is in connection with and gives
motion to the jacks for operating the heald shafts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING BOILER TUBES AND OTHER SIMILAR TUBES OF METAL."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Langley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1880.
JOHN LANGLEY, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR ROLLING BOILER TUBES AND OTHER SIMILAR TUBES OF
METAL."
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery for rolling boiler tubes and
shells, and other similar tubular forms of metal (such as iron and steel), and it
consists chiefly in the method of actuating the internal rolls of such machines so
that they may be rapidly expanded or contracted to the sizes required.
In carrying out my Invention I construct suitable housings arranged to carry
three or more rolls, called the outside or external rolls by preference, one being at
the top, and two near the bottom of the housing, the bearings being made to slide
towards or from a common centre equidistant from the three rolls; I actuate the
two bottom rolls simultaneously by means of direct acting screws and suitable
gearing connected by a cross shaft, and operated by the attendant. The internal
rolls are carried and supported by a frame or head, by preference of a circular form,
leaving an annular space between it and the inside opening of the housings to
allow of the desired sizes or diameters of tubes to pass through; this frame or head
is supported by a strong horizontal tube secured to the bed plate in any con-
venient way. The internal rolls and their bearings are arranged to slide to or
from the centre of the frame or head, which is also the common centre of the
external rolls.
In the centre of the frame or head, in connection with the bearings of the
internal rolls, is a cam or cams having the same number of "throws" or inclines as
there are internal rolls, but by preference three; the cam (or cams) is or are
secured to and carried by a shaft which passes through and works in the strong
hollow tube before described; it also extends through the end of the tube, and is
rotated by a hand wheel or lever through suitable gearing, say, a worm wheel and
worm on a cross shaft. Under the position occupied by the boiler tube or other
similar article when under operation, and parallel with the said tube or other
article, are fixed two or more rods or shafts, which are free to rotate in suitable
adjustable bearings or supports for the purpose of guiding and supporting the tube
as it emerges on either side from the rolls.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Donald M.Pherson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1880.
DONALD MCPHERSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, in Ireland, Saw Mill
Proprietor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES,"
My Invention has for its object the economizing of steam required for driving
engines of various kinds by effectuating vacuum in the cylinder.
For this purpose, by a jet of steam or otherwise, I exhaust the atmospheric air
contained in the cylinder, and give impulse to the piston by the introduction of a
slight jet of steam against the piston head, which is then carried to the opposite
end of the cylinder, where a valve admits the steam so introduced into a tank in
which it is condensed by a small stream of water.
The reverse motion of the piston is accomplished in the same manner, and the jet
of steam passes through a similar valve into a tank at the other end of the
cylinder.
The steam thus condensed collects at the bottom of the tanks and is driven out
of them from time to time by a jet or jets of steam or otherwise into wells or
chambers connected with the tanks by means of air tight valves, from which wells
or chambers the water can be drawn off without admitting any air into the
tanks.
In order to make the vacuum as perfect as possible I keep the cylinder tanks
and wells immersed in water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Goodman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th April 1880.
JOSEPH GOODMAN, of 16, Hercules Buildings, Lambeth Road, in the County of
Surrey, Mechanician. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES."
This Invention relates to improvements in bicycles, and consists in employing
the hind wheel as the guiding wheel, the front wheel being used as the driving
wheel, and the axle working in bearings fixed to the fore carriage of the bicycle in
the usual manner.
To carry out my Invention I employ or use the back bone or curved bar which
is situated directly over the front wheel and leading to the hind wheel to turn on
bearings or centres fixed in the forked head of the front carriage, and to act as
steering bar, the bearings or centres are fixed at an angle leading to a point
slightly in advance of the centre or touching point of the hind wheel with the
ground.
Between the two wheels in a direct line with the bearings or centres above
mentioned is a suitable joint on which the back bone or curved bar turns, and
which is held in position by. means of a forked stay or rod leading from the front
fork to the junction of the back bone with the fork of the hind wheel.
To the upper end of the steering bar and in front of the rider, I fix a lever which
stands out on each side, on the ends of which handles are jointed with cranked ends
to receive the connecting rods, the other ends are held by a stud on each side of
the fore carriage, so that by swaying or moving both handles to the right or left
the steering is effected by the lever being actuated by or travelling with the
handles.
I may attach springs to the lever for the purpose of counteracting the weight of
the back bono when out of the central position.
The saddle spring will be affixed to the forecarriage instead of on the back bone
as heretofore.
IMPROVED PARCEL CARRIER OR HANDLE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Charles Wallich at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1880.
GEORGE CHARLES WALLICH, of Christchurch Road, Roupell Park, in the County
of Surrey, Doctor of Medicino, Surgeon Major. "IMPROVED PARCEL CARRIER OR
HANDLE'
My Invention consists of arrangements for facilitating carrying of parcels which
are secured by string, twine, or other similar material. The inconvenience of
carrying parcels by holding the string by which they are secured is not only that
it cuts the hand, but it is otherwise objectionable, and to obviate the objections
I adopt mainly the following arrangements :-I form a carrier, holder, or bandlo
made preferably of elastic or semi-elastic material, such as india-rubber or leather,
though wood or other material may be employed. The carrier, holder, or handle is
formed with a slot or opening extending to about half the diameter or thickness of
the carrier or holder, and this opening terminates preferably in an enlarged portion.
In applying the holder to carry a parcel the string, or twine, or other material by
which the parcel is secured is inserted between the opening in the holder, and
falls into and is retained in place in the enlarged portion. In some cases a modified
form of carrier, holder, or handle may be used of elastic or rigid material by
substituting or adding clips, catch, or swivel at the ends by which the parcel is
held in place of the slit or opening, though the slit or opening may be used, and
thus the parcel carried in either way preferred.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN DERIVATIVES OF BENZOLE."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Alfred Kendall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th December 1880.
JAMES ALFRED KENDALL, of Dalston, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN DERIVATIVES OF BENZOLE."
" IMPROVE-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of nitro-benzole and dinitro-benzole
from the gaseous compounds obtained in the process of the destructive distillation
of coal and other carbonaceous substances by means of nitric acid or a mixture of
nitric acid or nitrates and sulphuric acid.
For the purpose of carrying out my Invention I select such coals or carbonaceous
substances as produce a gas rich in benzole. I submit the said coals or carbonaceous
substances to the process of destructive distillation in the ordinary way, and
separate the tarry matters and other impurities from the gas produced by deposition
or any other well known process. I then pass the gas thus purified through sulphuric
acid, either cold or heated with a view to further separating impurities, which
would interfere to some extent with the economic working of the process of
obtaining the nitro-benzole or dinitro-benzole, which I effect by then passing the
gas through nitric acid or a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acids, or of salts
containing nitric acid and sulphuric acid. The nitric acid I prefer should be in a
nitric acid will effect my object, but
highly concentrated form, although weaker
more slowly and with less efficacy.
The effect of the action of the nitric acid upon the gas is to absorb from it the
whole of the benzole which it contains, and to reduce it into the condition of
nitro-benzole or dinitro- benzole, which remains in the vessel or vessels employed.
The gas which then passes off is usually of low illuminating power, but when it
is desired to utilize the gas for lighting purposes I pass it through some light
hydro-carbon oils, and thus cause it to absorb some portion of the hydro-carbon,
whereby the illuminating power is restored.
The arrangement of apparatus which I prefer to use for the purposes of this
Invention is as follows:-
A series of vessels, made of earthenware or glass or other material which will be
unaffected by strong acids, are provided, into one or more of which I put the
sulphuric acid employed for purifying the gas, and in the others I put the nitric
acid or mixtures above referred to.
AN IMPROVED RIBBED CLOTH
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Brickhill, of the Firm of E. Harrison & Co., of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED
RIBBED CLOTH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Brickhill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th January 1880.
JAMES BRICKHILL, of the Firm of E. Harrison & Co., of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED RIBBED CLOTH."
My Invention relates to the cloths known as filled rib and royal rib, and consists
in combining the two in such a manner as to produce a cloth that will, when used
for stays or bands, support the body without interfering with respiration, or causing
by its weight fatigue, which is injurious to the wearer. In making my improved
cloth I use a loom of the ordinary construction, and tie up four ends together with
a binding end after each four ends, and these are woven alternately or intermittently
with two ends together and a binding end. The number of the "tie ups" above
mentioned may be varied to alter the design, as may be required. The cloth thus
made has the appearance of other cloth of a similar class hitherto produced at a
much higher cost.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent filed
by the said James Brickhill in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
July 1880.
JAMES BRICKHILL, of the Firm of E. Harrison and Co., of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster. AN IMPROVED RIBBED CLOTH."
"
My Invention relates to the cloths known as filled rib and royal rib, and consists
in combining the two in such a manner as to produce a cloth that will, when
used for stays or bands, support the body without interfering with respiration, or
causing by its weight fatigue, which is injurious to the wearer.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will describe the accompanying Drawing, which is a diagram shewing
the tie up of healds and the arrangement of the ends in reed necessary for the
weaving of my improved cloth, which may be woven with the ordinary healds and
reed, and in an ordinary loom, particulars of cloth as follows:-There are fourteen
picks to the round, and the crosses on the diagram indicate the up healds. I tie
up four ends together with a binding end after each four ends, which makes the
filled rib, and these are woven alternately or intermittently with two ends together
and a binding end which makes the royal rib. The number of the tie ups above
mentioned may be varied to alter the design as may be required.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the
exact details given, as they may be varied, and the width of filled rib and royal
rib may be increased or diminished, but what I claim is the combination of the
filled rib and royal rib cloth, woven substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Brickhill, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and
eighty.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER SIMILAR VEHICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Monks at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th May 1880.
WILLIAM HENRY MONKS, of No. 65, Foregate Street, in the City of Chester,
Gunmaker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER SIMILAR VEHICLES."
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in the
construction of bicycles and other similar vehicles.
I will describe my Invention as applied to a bicycle.
First. I construct the bicycle with a double backbone, that is to say, I make it of
two pieces, each of similar shape to the ordinary backbone (and tubular by
preference); these are firmly connected to the head of the machine, and are also
secured by cross pieces, being brazed or otherwise firmly fastened near the lower
end and other convenient parts. The spring on which the saddle is arranged works
between the two said backbones, thus enabling the rider to sit closer to the wheel
than hitherto, and employ a larger machine than he could if constructed by the
olden method. The rear end of the said spring being below or level with the back-
bone, is more presentable and less dangerous. The backbones are continuous down
to the small or hind wheel, and form when two ends are affixed the hind wheel fork,
and dispenses with the forged fork hitherto employed, thus simplifying the
construction and adding to its durability.
Second. The handle bar I arrange to be moveable, that is to say, it can be set to
any convenient height to suit the requirement of the rider. I will describe the
same as applied to a bicycle head known as the "Stanley," that is a head having
conical centres. The upper portion of this head I form cylindrical, and upon this I
arrange a socket bored to the outside diameter of the said head; this works freely
vertically, but is prevented from turning by a key or feather upon the socket and
traversing a keyway in the head; when adjusted it is held in position by means
of a set screw.
Third. An improvement in the system of ball bearings. For the axle carrying the
front wheel of the bicycle I employ a turned bush, conical at the outer end, and a
somewhat similar one which is screwed upon the outside of the first said bush. In
the V shaped groove which is formed by these two bushes when in position I
arrange a series of balls, which rotate between the bushes and the lower part of the

page_text: fork, which forms a cap somewhat circular with a segmental groove in it for the
balls to work in (or I may in some instances employ a double row of balls in a
double groove and coned piece as above described).
The outer end of the bush is formed into a milled or ratchet head, and is prevented
from turning round after adjustment by means of a paul fastened to a plate, my 5
object being adjustment in a simple and efficacious manner when required.