Improved Apparatus for Delivering and Spreading or Distributing Manure.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Delivering and Spreading or Distributing
Manure.
I, RICHARD SMITH of Castle Hill, Almondbury, Huddersfield, Yorkshire,
Farmer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention refers to the delivery and spreading or distributing of manure or
solid fertilizing substances over land, and consists of apparatus affixed to and
operated by the cart in which the manure is conveyed onto the land, whereby, as
the cart is drawn along, the manure is removed from it in regular quantities and
spread or distributed in the track of the cart by mechanical means, thus dispensing
with manual labour and saving considerable time in accomplishing the aforesaid
purpose.
In order to carry out my invention I employ any ordinary construction of
tilting cart and on the axle or secured to the spokes or other portion of the wheel
at one side of the cart is a chain wheel or pulley which by means of a chain or
strap communicates motion to a wheel of smaller diameter mounted loosely on a
shaft extending across the rear of the cart and supported in suitable bearings. A
sliding clutch box is also mounted on the said shaft and is thrown into and out of
gear with the small chain wheel by a suitable lever or fork operated by hand lever
or wheel from the front of the cart so that rotary motion can be given to the shaft
whenever required for the purpose of setting in motion the apparatus for delivering
and spreading the manure, which consists of radial forks or teeth mounted or
otherwise secured to or formed on the aforesaid shaft. The cart is tilted to a
suitable angle to deliver the manure, which falls to the rear by its own weight or
gravitation, said cart when tilted resting on or being supported by a roller or small
pulleys carried in brackets projecting from the underside of the cart which also
enable said cart to be drawn along in an inclined position. The clutch box is now
engaged with the small chain wheel so that when the cart is drawn along rotary
motion shall be given to the shaft carrying the forks which take hold of the
manure and throw or distribute it over the ground in the track of the cart in
regular quantities. The rear door or loose frame is arranged so as to clear the
forks or teeth which work in a space between the said door and the floor of the
cart, and suitable plates or knives are employed to prevent the accumulation of
manure between the forks. If any portion of the manure sticks or fails to gravitäte
to the rear of the cart it may be pushed down by the man in charge of the cart,
or I may employ reciprocating forks supported above the cart and operated from
any moving part thereof for the said purpose.
In delivering and spreading finely divided fertilizing substances the forks or
teeth on the cross shaft may be flattened or enlarged at the ends to afford a better
hold on the substances.
By the means set forth manure is delivered and distributed in the track of the
cart as it is drawn over the ground by mechanical means actuated by the motion
of the cart, thus dispensing with manual labour for this purpose and effecting a
considerable saving of time in the operation.
The apparatus is detachable and can be easily removed when the cart is required
for other purposes.
Dated this 25th day of January 1893.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Delivering and Spreading or Distributing
Manure.
I, RICHARD SMITH, of Castle Hill, Almondbury, Huddersfield, Yorkshire,
Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention refers to the delivery and spreading or distribution of manure or
solid fertilizing substances over land, and consists of apparatus affixed to and
operated by the cart in which the manure is conveyed onto the land, whereby, as the
cart is drawn along, the manure is removed therefrom in regular quantities and
spreaded or distributed in the track of the cart by mechanical means, thus dis-
pensing with manual labour and saving considerable time in accomplishing the
aforesaid purpose.
In order the more fully to explain my invention reference is herein made to the
accompanying drawings, wherein :-
Fig. 1 is side elevation of an ordinary tilting cart having my improvements
applied thereto;
Fig. 2 is longitudinal section of a portion of same; and
Fig. 3 is rear elevation of Fig. 1.
Figs. 4 and 5 are details of parts hereafter referred to.
In the drawings, A represents the body, B the shafts and C the wheels of an
ordinary cart of that description wherein the body is adapted to be tilted or inclined
to deposit the contents upon the ground.
Secured on the axle, or to the spokes, as shewn, of one of the wheels C, is a
chain wheel D which, by means of chain a communicates motion, when the cart is
drawn along, to a smaller chain wheel E (see Figs. 3 and 4) mounted loosely on a
shaft F extending across the back of the cart and journalled in bearings G secured
to the sides thereof, said shaft being made square but turned so as to rest in the
bearings and to receive the chain wheels E and E'. A sliding clutch H is also
mounted on the square shaft F and is thrown into and out of gear with the
opposing clutch on the chain wheel E (see Fig. 4 which is a section of the clutches)
by a fork I secured on one end of the shaft K which extends to the front of the
cart and is actuated by a hand lever L mounted on the opposite end of said
shaft.
The lever L is held in the position to which it is moved so as to maintain the
clutches in or out of gear, by a pin 6 which is inserted through openings in said
lever and is adapted to enter corresponding openings in the bracket c as shewn.
To the rear of the cart are secured brackets or feet M carrying small rollers or
pulleys M', which, when the cart is tilted to an angle as shewn in Figs. 1 and 3
rest upon and are adapted to run over the ground, by which means the cart can be
drawn along in an inclined position as it is required to do when delivering and
spreading manure according to my invention.
The apparatus for removing and throwing the manure from the cart onto the
ground, consists of radial forks or teeth N screwed into or otherwise secured to or
formed on short bosses or castings O which are provided centrally with square
openings (see enlarged section Fig. 2) and are adapted to be slided onto and carried
around by the square shaft F. Three sets of radial forks or teeth are shewn as
being secured to the bosses O, but the said forks or teeth may be cast in separate
sections, or one set secured to a single boss as illustrated in Fig. 5.
In order to deliver the manure with which the cart is filled, the body of the
latter is first tilted as shewn in the drawings so that the contents shall gravitate
downwards to the rear thereof. The clutch H is now thrown into gear with the
opposing clutch on the chain wheel E whereby on the cart being drawn along,
rotary motion is communicated to the shaft F from the chain wheel D, and as the

page_text: forks or teeth are carried around in the direction of the arrows, they take hold of
the manure and throw or distribute it over the ground in the track of the cart in
regular quantities.
For the purpose of distributing the manure over a wider area than that covered
by the cart, two discs P, P, are employed which are mounted on vertical studs
secured to the plates d bolted to the underside of the cart, and are rotated by
bevil wheels Q, Q, from the low shaft R which is driven by chain e from the
second chain wheel E keyed on the end of shaft F. A quantity of the manure
thrown out by the action of the forks N falls upon the revolving discs P, P,
which
are provided with projecting radial ribs or flanges, and these said discs scatter the
manure over the ground towards each side of the cart whereby a greater width of
ground is covered in the wake of the cart than if said discs were not used, and
fewer journeys are therefore necessary to completely cover the plot of ground
being treated.
Affixed in a suitable position across the body of the cart is a bridge S to which
is secured a bracket carrying a flanged pulley or bowl S', over which may be
passed and drawn backwards and forwards, a rake or fork such as S for the
purpose of loosening the manure or assisting it towards the rear of the cart if it
should tend to adhere, or fail to gravitate by its own weight. The said rake, or fork
is preferably worked by hand from behind the cart.
•
The application of the above described mechanism to the rear of the cart body
adds considerably to the weight which has to be lowered or raised in inclining or in
drawing back the cart body to a horizontal position, and in order to move said cart
body as required without the assistance of a second person, I connect to a hook f
secured to the underside of the front of the cart, one end of a chain whose
opposite end is attached to the periphery of a wheel T mounted on a shaft T¹
supported in bearings secured to the shafts B. On one end of the shaft T' is
mounted a worm wheel T' with which gears a worm U mounted on a short shaft. U'
supported in bearings secured to the outer side of one of the cart shafts, and carrying
a bevil wheel U gearing with another bevil wheel W secured on a stud shaft on
which the hand wheel Wis mounted. By rotating the said hand wheel in one or
the other direction motion is communicated through the gearing described to the
shaft T and the chain g is thereby unwound from or wound onto the wheel or
pulley T and allows the cart to tilt, or draws it back to the horizontal. The cart
body may, however, be constructed so that the front portion shall counterbalance
the rear portion, in which case it would be much easier to move the said cart body
on its fulcrum.
Although the shaft F is described and shewn as being driven from one side of
the cart only, a second set of chain wheels D and E may be employed at the
opposite side of the cart if necessary.
In delivering and spreading finely divided fertilizing substances, the forks or
teeth on the shaft F may be flattened or made broader at the free ends to afford a
better hold on the substances. I may, if required, fix to a cross bar at the rear of
the cart suitable knives or fingers placed opposite the spaces between the forks (as
shewn at Y in dotted lines in Fig. 3) in order to prevent the accumulation of
manure on said forks.
The apparatus hereinbefore described is detachable and can be easily removed
from the cart when the latter is required for other purposes.
By the means herein set forth manure is delivered and spread or distributed in
regular and even quantities upon the ground in the track of the cart as it is drawn
along, whereby manual labour for this purpose is dispensed with and a considerable
saving of time is effected in manuring land.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. In an ordinary cart, the body of which is adapted to be tilted or moved

page_text: upon a fulcrum into an inclined position, the combination therewith of rollers or
pulleys carried at the rear to support the cart in an inclined position and to enable
it to be drawn in said position over the ground, radial forks or teeth operated by
the movement of the cart for removing manure or fertilizing substances from said
cart and throwing or distributing same over the ground and means for actuating the
forks, all arranged and operating in the manner substantially as herein shewn and
described.
Secondly. In a tilting cart, the general arrangement, construction and com-
bination of parts forming the apparatus substantially as herein shewn and described
for delivering and spreading or distributing manure over land.
1000
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Huddersfield, Agents.