IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN DYEING YARNS
Year: 1866

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
May 1866. A communication from abroad by Albert Wever, of Bar-
men, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE
EMPLOYED IN DYEING YARNS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitato the operation of dyeing yarns
by causing the yarns to be carried or passed through the chemical solutions in
a regular and uniform manner by mechanical means instead of by hand
labour.
As the yarns require to be submitted not only to the dye and other liquors,
but also to a solution of alum and gall, two distinct machines are employed
for these purposes. In the dipping or dyeing apparatus the hanks of yarn
are placed upon rotating bobbins of which there may be any convenient
number arranged in one machine. These bobbins are mounted on the ends
of horizontal shafts to which a slow rotary motion is given by suitable gearing
actuated from the main driving shaft. Below the bobbins is placed a wooden
or other vessel containing the dye oil liquor or other liquid into which the
hanks of yarn dip as they bang from the bobbins. As the bobbins rotate the
yarn is passed slowly through the dye oil liquor or other liquid, the length of
time depending upon the shade or colour it is desired to obtain. When the

page_text: banks have absorbed a sufficient quantity of the dye or liquor the attendant
takes them in succession from the bobbin and places them on a travelling
endless apron which will carry the hanks of yarn between a pair of pressing
rollers covered with india-rubber or some other suitable elastic material,
whereby the superfluous oil or dye liquor will be expressed, and will fall on to
an inclined table from which it will run back into the dye vat or other vessel
beneath.
The other machine is for submitting the hanks of yarn to the alum and gall
solution. In this also there are a series of horizontal bobbins on which the
banks are placed, so that as the bobbins rotate the yarn may dip into and be
carried through the chemical solution. The bobbins are mounted in bearings
in a reciprocating frame which is moved to and fro on guides by the piston of
a steam cylinder, the piston rod of which is connected to the travelling frame.
The shafts of the different bobbins are provided with pullies round which pass
driving bands, so that all the bobbins may be driven at the same speed at the
same time. On the shaft of one of the bobbins is mounted a ratchet wheel,
into the teeth of which takes a pawl or click at the end of a vibrating lever,
whick rocks on a stud fixed in the framework, and as the reciprocating frame
carries the bobbins to and fro, and causes the lever to vibrate on its centre of
motion, the click or pawl will drive round the ratchet wheel on the bobbin
shaft, and thus cause all the bobbins to rotate and gradually carry round the
banks of yarn as they pass through the liquor in the vat.