IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING IRON, STEEL, OR OTHER METAL BARS INTO WIRE RODS, HOOPS, OR SMALL SECTIONS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John James Bleckly, of Warrington, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING IRON, STEEL, OR OTHER METAL
BARS INTO WIRE RODS, HOOPS, OR SMALL SECTIONS."
Sealed the 20th September 1872, and dated the 20th March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Bleckly
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th March 1872.
'
I, JOHN JAMES BLECKLY, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING IRON, STEEL, OR OTHER METAL BARS
INTO WIRE RODS, HOOPS, OR SMALL SECTIONS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging in the manner
herein-after described, rolls for rolling iron, steel, or copper bars into
wire rods, hoops, or small sections of bars or angle iron. I use one or
more sets of horizontal rolls four high, acting as two independent pairs

page_text: of rolls, one above the other, in a single pair of housings driven by a set
of four high pinions in a separate pair of housings, so arranged as that
the two top rolls shall deliver the bar or billet in one direction, and the
two bottom ones in the opposite direction, and I pass the bar as it
delivers itself from the top pair of rolls through a bent pipe or guide
into the bottom pair. The speeds at which the two pairs of rolls revolve
are so arranged as that the bottom pair of rolls shall exactly take up
the
bar as it delivers itself from the top rolls, and it is thus passed through
two sets of rolls, and twice reduced at one operation and delivered at the
same side of the rolls at which it entered. When the bar is delivered
from the bottom pair of rolls it is again put into the top pair by hand,
and passed through both pairs as before described, and so on until it is
reduced to the required dimensions, when it is finished through rolls in"
the ordinary way, according to what description of rod, hoop, or bar is
required.
'
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John James Bleckly in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JAMES BLECKLY, of Warrington, in the County of Lancaster, send 2
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, 2
give and grant unto me, the said John James Bleckly, Her special
license that I, the said John James Bleckly, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John James Bleckly,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter a
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING IRON, STEEL, OR

page_text: OTHER METAL BARS INTO WIRE RODS, HOOPS, OR SMALL SECTIONS," upon
the condition, amongst others, that I, the said John James Bleckly,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Datant
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John James Bleckly, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging in the manner
herein-after described, rolls for rolling iron, steel, or other metal bars into
wire rods, hoops, or small sections of bars or angles. I usê one or more
sets of horizontal rolls four high, each set acting as two independent
pairs of rolls, one above the other, in a single pair of housings driven by
a set of four high pinions in a separate pair of housings, so arranged that
the two top rolls shall deliver the bar or billet in one direction, and the
two bottom ones in the opposite direction, and I pass the bar as it
delivers itself from the top pair of rolls through a bent pipe or guide
into the bottom pair. The speeds at which the two pairs of rolls revolve,
and their relative diameters, are so arranged that the bottom pair of rolls
shall exactly take up the bar as it delivers itself from the top rolls, and
it is thus passed through two sets of rolls, and twice reduced at one
operation and delivered at the same side of the rolls at which it entered.
When the bar is delivered from the bottom pair of rolls it is again put
into the top pair by hand, and passed through both pairs as before de-
scribed, and so on until it is reduced to the required dimensions, when
it is finished through rolls in the ordinary way, according to what
description of rod, hoop, or bar is required.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the
figures and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a plan of my improved machinery or apparatus for rolling metal
bars into wire rods, hoops, or smaller sections; Figs. 2 and 4, the end
elevations of the roll and pinion housings; and Fig. 3, the front elevation

page_text: of the entire machine, and the same letters of reference indicate the same
parts of the machine in each Figure of the Drawings.
The machine consists of one set of four high rolls marked A, one set
of four high pinions marked B, and one set of two high pinions marked C,
and these are coupled together with ordinary boxes and spindles as is
usual in rolling mills. The toothed wheels in the first pinion frame C
are connected with the driving shaft of the engine which gives motion to
the machine by means of a wabbler or crab on the shaft of the lower
wheel, and the diameters of the upper and lower wheels are so arranged
as to make the lower wheel rotate at a higher speed than the upper one.
The second pinion frame B contains two pairs of pinions of equal
diameters working independently of each other, and these are connected
with the pinions in the frame C, so that the upper and lower pairs
revolve in opposite directions. The roll frame A contains two pairs of
rolls connected by boxes and spindles with the two pairs of pinions in
the frame B, and consequently revolve so as to deliver the bar passing
through them in opposite directions; they also revolve at different speeds.
in consequence of the different diameters of the two wheels before
described in the frame C, and if necessary two or more sets of four high
rolls and housings similar to those marked A. may be used.
The operation of the machine for rolling iron is as follows:―The
puddled bar or billet when reduced to the proper dimensions is put into
a hole in the top pair of rolls by hand in the ordinary manner, and passes
through these rolls, and is then conducted by the bent guide pipes D into
the bottom pair of rolls which are revolving at a quicker speed, thus
enabling them exactly to take up the bar as it delivers itself from the
top pair, and the iron is thus twice reduced and delivered on the same
side of the rolls as it entered in one operation; it is then again put into
a second hole in the top rolls by hand as before, and this operation is
repeated as often as is necessary to reduce the bar to the required
dimensions for finishing into whatever section is desired. The relative
speeds and drafting of the rolls is adjusted according to the material
dealt with and the section ultimately required.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim, the improvements in machinery or apparatus for
rolling iron, steel, or other metal bars into wire rods, hoops, or small
sections, as lierein-before described and illustrated on the accompanying

page_text: A simultaneously as 10
passes from one roll to the other.
In witness whereof, I, the said John James Bleckly, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
JOHN JAMES BLECKLY. (L.s.)