A New or Improved Electric Arc Lamp, specially applicable for Projecting Purposes instead of the Limelight.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 26th June, 1894-Accepted, 8th Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Electric Arc Lamp, specially applicable for
Projecting Purposes instead of the Limelight.
I, FREDERICK JOHN BORLAND, of 2 Sheepscar Grove, Benson Street, Leeds,
Engineer and Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of a new or improved electric arc lamp, specially applicable
for projecting purposes instead of the limelight.
According to my invention I employ shunt and series coils or solenoids having
hollow interiors closed at the outside ends, interposed between the said coils or
solenoids is a hollow spindle working within which and the said hollow interiors is
a hollow central core closed at the ends, and which acts as a "dash" pot. The
said coils or solenoids are joined to a bearing to which the arms or levers carrying
the carbons are pivoted; or the said arms or levers may be joined direct to the
hollow central core. The lever or arm nearest the shunt coil or solenoid is slotted
and joined to the central hollow core which has annular rings or grooves at both
ends to make it air-tight.
The lower carbon lever or arm has a wheel which gears with another wheel upon
the top carbon lever or arm. The said bearing also carries a socket for fixing the
apparatus upon a suitable spindle or stud when it is placed in working position, and
terminals for connecting or joining the wires.
The lower carbon arm or lever is graduated and has a balance or weight thereon
capable of being removed for adjustment purposes.
Dated this 26th day of September 1893.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Royal Exchange Chambers, Boar Lane, Leeds,
Patent Agent to the Applicant.

page_text: Fig. 8, is a plan of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9, is a sectional elevation of further modification of my invention.
Fig. 10, is a plan of Fig. 9.
Fig. 11, is a further sectional elevation, looking at the front of Figs. 9 and 10.
Fig. 12, is a side elevation, partly in section, showing my improvements combined
with diffusing apparatus for photographic purposes.
Fig. 13, is a front view of Fig. 12.
Fig. 14 shows means for regulating the levers or arms for "hand feed" lamps.
According to my invention I employ shunt and series coils or solenoids A and B
mounted or wound on a tube or hollow spindle B2 which is supported by the
framework E (serving for the support of lamp and bearings for levers), the central
spindle B is closed at one or both ends by means of stoppers A and B¹ thereby
forming a cylinder or cylinders. Working within the said hollow spindle B' is a
central core C which acts as a piston in a cylinder and forms
"dash pot."
a
On the framework E are pivoted arms or levers F and G by means of axles F¹
and Gone of the levers or arms (in this case G) passes through a slot in the said
tube or hollow spindle and is slotted at G2 and joined to the central core C by
means of a pin C passing through the said core, which is slotted to receive the said
lever G.
The said central core C may be provided with annular rings H to make it more
air tight with the hollow spindle, and act as a piston in a cylinder.
The lower carbon lever or arm G has a wheel or toothed segment J which gears
with another wheel or toothed segment K upon the top carbon lever or arm F.
A pawl F pivoted to a bracket F fixed on the framework E gears with teeth F
upon the upper lever or arm F, the object of this is to prevent "pumping" or
vibration of the said levers or arms.
The said frame E also carries a socket L for fixing the apparatus upon a suitable
stand M when it is placed in working position, and terminals N and N' for connecting
and joining the wires.
The clamps or carbon holders G3 of the carbon levers or arms are made so that
they can be turned to bring the carbons to any required angular position during
the working by means of tilting levers X, X
The lower carbon arm or lever G may be graduated and have a balance weight
thereon capable of being moved for adjustment purposes, when the lamp is required
to be tilted.
Or the said arms or levers F and G may be joined direct to the central core C,
as shown in Fig. 4.
In this case the coils or solenoids are arranged without a space between them,
and the said central core C is hollow and screwed at one end to receive a plug C,
to the plain part of which is pivoted or connected a rod C2, which actuates the
carbon levers or arms by pin C when the core C is operated by the current.
The ends of the said levers or arins are slotted at C for the pin C' to work in,
and are pivoted at C7 to the frame-work E.
This hollow, core may also be provided with annular rings H, as before
described.
By screwing up the said plug the movement of the core may be adjusted
relatively to the solenoids.
The action is as follows:-The current entering the series coil or solenoid B
attracts the central core C connected to lever G and the arc is struck, as the
arc lengthens the current in said coil or solenoid diminishes, at the same time the
current in the shunt coil or solenoid A increases causing a pull on the core C and
so shortens the arc, the joint action of the two coils or solenoids causes the carbons
to approach.
By means of the said tilting levers the carbons may be set for projecting purposes
at any required angle, and any position during the working.
In Fig. 7, the coils or solenoids are arranged one above another without an open
space between them, and the plug or stopper. B' is arranged so as to be above the

page_text: level of the base of the lower coil or solenoid. The central core C is connected by
rod C to lever or arm G which engages by wheel or toothed segment J with the
wheel or toothed segment K of the lever or arm F.
In Figs. 9, 10 and 11, the coils or solenoids A and B are arranged side by side,
and the cores C are connected by means of their rods C to levers F³ and F* and
operate, as before described, the levers F and G which gear by means of the
wheels or toothed segments J and K.
The levers F and G, and F and F are all arranged or centred on the axles F¹
and G¹ carried or supported by the bearings or framework E.
Figs. 12 and 13. These views show my improvements combined with diffusing
apparatus for photographic purposes. This diffusing apparatus is of the ordinary
kind, and forms no part of my invention.
Instead of a core built up or constructed in the manner before shown and
described a solenoid may be employed.
The coils or solenoids may also be what is known as "compound wound" instead
of separate shunt and series.
In Fig. 14 means are shown for regulating or adjusting the arms or levers G
and F mechanically, instead of by the current, in the case of "hand-feed" lamps.
O is a milled head with screw P passing through boss R and connected to the
common centre of the levers or arms F and G. On turning the screw P the levers
or arms G are opened or closed, as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An arc lamp having series and shunt coils or solenoids in the centre of which
works a core connected to a lever which gears with another lever, the said levers
being caused to open or close simultaneously by the action of the core, substantially
as set forth.
2. In an arc lamp, the combination with series and shunt coils or solenoids of
levers connected to a core or solenoid which said levers are caused to open or
close simultaneously by the action of such core or solenoid, substantially as set
forth.
3. In an arc lamp, the combination of a core working inside solenoids as a piston
in a cylinder and forming a "dash pot," such as shown and described.
4. In an arc lamp, the combination of levers or arms connected to a core working
inside solenoids, such as shown and described.
5. In an arc lamp, the use of carbon holders having tilting levers, substantially as
and for the purposes set-forth.
6. In an arc lamp, the combination of projecting levers or arms G and F for
carrying the carbon holders G³ which are capable of adjustinent by the action of a
core or solenoid, or by the use of a screwed rod or other such means, substantially
as set-forth.
Dated this 23rd day of June 1894.
CIES 201u uay of 1034.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Royal Exchange Chambers, Boar Lane, Leeds,
Patent Agent for the Applicant.