matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES
Year: 1883

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Russom at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1883.
THOMAS RUSSOM, Engineer, of 34 North Street, Leeds, in the County of York.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES."
In carrying out the first part of my Invention, I employ two explosion
cylinders placed one on either side of the crankshaft, the pistons of which operate
connecting rods coupled to the same crank pin:-Or, the cylinders may be placed
side by side and operate cranks on opposite centres as may be most convenient.
In this manner two explosions are given in ono revolution of the engine, and
greater uniformity of turning power is thereby obtained than in the case of a
single cylinder single acting engine.
The explosion behind the pistons may be produced by means of gas, or other
combustible vapour, the ignition of which is effected in the ordinary manner.
My second improvement relates to the arrangement of distributing valve for
admitting the charge of gas and air, and in the gear for working the same-For
this purpose I prefer to employ, where convenient what may be termed a "positive
motion cam, which enables the use of springs or weights to be dispensed with-
This cam consists of a cylinder or disc mounted upon the crankshaft having a
groove cut upon its surface, from which motion is transmitted to the valve by
means of a rocking shaft and levers, or otherwise. The valve chamber may be
placed either upon the side, or at the end of the cylinder.
The third part of my invention consists in so forming the engine bed as to serve
the purpose of a receiver for water employed in cooling the cylinder, if necessary,
the water may be kept circulating by a small force pump worked by the engine or-
by other suitable means.
In this manner space is economised, and the engine rendered self-contained
In lieu of the water jacket commonly used for the cylinders of gas engines, I
may employ a spiral coil of tube cast in the body of the cylinder
The fourth part of my invention bas reference to an improved cylinder
lubricator, in which a small valve with adjustable lift, is opened by the explosion
and closed by a light spring, or weight, permitting a small quantity of oil
to flow.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SCRAPING, PEELING, PARING, AND SLICING POTATOES, TURNIPS, CARROTS, AND LIKE ROOTS, ALSO FRUIT SUCH, AS, APPLES, AND FOR CORING THE SAME
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Marshall at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th January 1883. Communicated to him
from abroad by Joshua, B, Carter of New Jersey in the United States of
America.
THOMAS MARSHALL of East Street Mills Cambridge Road Mile End in the
County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SCRAPING, PEELING, PARING,
AND SLICING POTATOES, TURNIPS, CARROTS, AND LIKE ROOTS, ALSO FRUIT SUCH, AS,
APPLES, AND FOR CORING THE SAME Communicated to me from abroad by
Joshua, B, Carter of New Jersey in the United States of America.
"
The object of this invention is an apparatus so arranged or constructed that it is
applicable for scraping, peeling, paring, and slicing potatoes, turnips, carrots, and
like roots, also fruit, such as apples, and for coring the same.
The apparatus consists essentially of a tapered tube of metal with a longitudinal
slot near its smaller end provided with a steel blade set at an angle to the slot so
that its cutting edge projects. The smaller end is chamfered and forms a long
scoop the edge or edges of which may be sharp or blunt as desired
The larger portion of the taper tube serves as a handle to enable the apparatus
to be used with facility and permits of, say, the core of an apple to freely slide
through and discharge itself there-from
The point of the scoop is applicable for clearing the eyes from potatoes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGH HEADS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Searby and Isaac Howe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1883.
JOHN SEARBY and ISAAC HOWE, both of Rotherham in the County of York
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGH HEADS"
Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of Plough Heads, the
object being to give additional strength to the woodwork of the plough, at a part
where they usually first begin to give way.
In carrying out our invention we extend the back part of the head so as to form
a support for the tail piece in combination with a stay for the beam, this extension
is provided with bolt holes so that the two tail pieces and the beam may be firmly
bolted together and very materially strengthened at one of its weakest points,
namely where the beam is morticed into the lefthand tail piece.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Percy Holt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July 1883.
HENRY PERCY HOLT of Great Marlborough Street Manchester in the County of
Lancashire, Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATORS
"
"water gas,"
My invention relates to apparatus for making what is known as
produced by passing air and steam through incandescent fuel. Around the central
casing containing the fire, I arrange a jacket through which the steam and air are
passed, so as to be heated before they pass through the fire itself; and I prefer to
arrange the fire grate for the steam boiler below the ash pit of the gas generator,
passing the waste heat from this fire up outside the jacket so as thus further to
raise the temperature of the air and steam supplied to the gas generator. In order
to ensure sufficient air supply to the generator at a pressure slightly above that to
which the gasometer is loaded, I provide funnel mouthed entrances and exits to
the openings through which the air is driven by the injector jets of superheated
steam.
In order to regulate the quantity of gas produced, without altering the pressure
in the gasometer, I provide an escape, under the control of the gasometer, for a
portion of the steam and air supplied to the generator. For this purpose, I attach
to the gasometer a tapered rod entering a hole or pipe in the air jacket or ashpit
of the generator. This taper rod fills the hole or pipe and prevents escape when
the gasometer is low; but when the gasometer rises above a certain height, the
escape of air and steam is gradually increased until the gasometer.comes to rest.
I make the outer casing of the generator of square or rectangular form with a
circular internal casing, lined as usual to constitute the generator. The flues from
the superheating coils rise in the angles of the outer casing, so that the air and
steam are heated as described before they enter the generator.
I arrange the purifiers in a rectangular tank joined on to the generator, and
under this tank may be fixed the gas motor engine, so that the whole is arranged
as in many semi-portable steam engines.
The tank above mentioned serves as a tank for the gasometer and also as a
reservoir of cooling water for the engine.
In some cases it is of advantage to load the gasometer to a pressure below that

page_text: of the atmosphere, so that the steam and air are drawn through the generator
without requiring an injector. The engine, in this case, draws the gas from the
gasometer, and the taper rod above described is inverted so as to throttle the supply
of air as the gasometer rises. Steam may be supplied by dropping water into the
closed heater.
The top of the gasometer, when it is used as an exhauster, may be made as a
flexible diaphragm controlled by a suitable spring, so as to permit more free supply
of the gas to the engine.
NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED WHEN PLAYING ACCOMPANIMENTS ON ORGANS, HARMONIUMS AND SIMILAR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1883. A communi-
cation to him from abroad by Marée van Goch, of Breda, Holland.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex NEW OR IMPROVED
APPARATUS TO BE USED WHEN PLAYING ACCOMPANIMENTS ON ORGANS,
HARMONIUMS AND SIMILAR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS a communication to me from
abroad by Marée van Goch, of Breda, Holland
This invention has for its object to enable unskilled persons to play on organs or
similar instruments the accompaniment of choral songs or hymns.
For this purpose I place over and along the keyboard of the instrument a box
open at the bottom and provided with a suitable number of auxiliary keys acting
on thin sheets placed parallel along the keyboard, each of these sheets being
provided with several pins or projections placed over the keys and serving to
depress the latter, when the respective auxiliary key is played.
The auxiliary keys represent musical notes and are preferably arranged in three
rows and distinguished by different colours. The number of these pins for each
sheet, and their distance from each other depends on the notes or sounds to be
accompanied.
Between the keyboard of the organ and the box-containing the above described
mechanism is placed a transposer., consisting of a frame provided at its front with
openings for fixing the frame in different positions, and at its side with screw bolts
or pins which project into vertical slots of angular brackets fixed to the organ at
the ends of the keyboard. The long sides of the transposer frame have as many
vertical grooves as there are keys in the instrument, each pair of grooves being,
placed over a key, and receives a vertical-board or sheet; capable of moving up and
down in said grooves.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH CHIMNIES OR CHIMNEY POTS [TOPS] FOR PREVENTING DOWN DRAUGHTS [DRAFTS] IN CHIMNIES [CHIMNEYS AND DIS SMOKE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lord at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th January 1883.
WILLIAM LORD of [No] 14 Marsh Road [Rd] Middlesbrough [in the County of York
Whitesmith] IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION
WITH CHIMNIES OR CHIMNEY POTS [TOPS] FOR PREVENTING DOWN DRAUGHTS [DRAFTS]
IN CHIMNIES [CHIMNEYS,] AND DISTRIBUTING THE SMOKE
A central tube to be fixed in the chimney pot, or to be built in brickwork, on
this is fixed one or more, tubes, each overlapping each other, one or more inches,
The spaces between cylinder, or tube, (and running down the whole length, or part
of the tube), are divided into separate divisions, or channels formed, in an incline
directions Above the external and highest tube an ordinary flat top, (flat on the
under side) The whole to be manufactured in any metal, or clay
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DELIVERING PRINTED AND FOLDED SHEETS OF PAPER FROM ROTARY WEB PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Ashley Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1883.
"
GEORGE ASHLEY WILSON of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DELIVERING PRINTED AND
FOLDED SHEETS OF PAPER FROM ROTARY WEB PRINTING MACHINES
"
The invention relates to machinery or apparatus to form part of or to be fitted
to rotary web printing and folding machines for the purpose of delivering the said
sheets evenly one on another in piles and for removing the piles when formed, the
object being to provide simple and efficient parts.
Under the first part I arrange a fly or mechanism to take the folded sheets
singly or in numbers and deliver them on to an inclined carrier hung on pivots or
bearings and held in position by a balance weight or its equivalent. A counting
device is coupled or connected to the fly or take off mechanism in such manner that
when the desired pile has been made the fly travels a further distance and lays the
pile on a suitable table by depressing the inclined carrier.
Under the second part. I employ rigid side carriers insteal of the balanced
carrier above mentioned.
Under the third part. I employ rigid side carriers and a balanced central carrier
in combination.
Under the fourth part. I employ with the fly or take off mechanism mentioned
under the above first head a carrier actuated by suitable gear so as to rotate at the
desired times and lay the superposed papers.
Under the fifth part. I employ a carrier to which is given a rocking motion
when the required number of sheets have been superposed so as to deposit them in
the required place.
Under the sixth part. I employ in combination with any of the above devices
travelling bands or other suitable means to carry away the deposited or laid piles
of papers
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND FURNACES AND BOILERS." PERTAINING TO
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Caddick at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1883.
DAVID CADDICK of 97 Church Street, Middlesbrough in the North Riding of
the County of York, Furnace Builder, "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
FURNACES AND BOILERS."
PERTAINING TO
My improvements are designed to effect saving of labour and fuel and produce
increased working efficiency.
According to my invention there is arranged an overhead railway close to the
fire-end of the furnace, and at right angles thereto this railway being supported
on columns. Between and attached to the columns and opposite the end of the
furnace is suspended a bunker having a slide at bottom to allow the fuel to fall
through Attached to the bottom of the bunker and opposite the bunker slides
are shoots leading down to fuel feeding holes on the furnace end. In each of these
feeding holes is a slide or pusher for pushing fuel forward into the furnace. These
slides or pushers are worked by links, levers and weigh-bars, propelled by any
suitable motor.
Along each side of the fire grate are built in air or steam blocks or chambers for
conducting air or steam to the fire grate The bearing bar at the centre of the
fire grate is hollow and opens into and is supported by the air or steam blocks at
each of its ends, this bearing bar has also slots in it to allow the air or steam to
pass through to the fire. Below the fire grate is a hopper enclosing the whole of
the underside of the firegrate, this hopper terminating in a slide valve to allow
ashes and slag to fall through when required. Under the firegrate and hopper is a
subway for a wagon to pass and receive ashes and slag. The working door of the
beforementioned heating furnace is made of a light cast iron frame, with wrought
iron rods rivetted across it and themselves, on its inner or fire-side the space on the
fire-side of this frame is filled up with fireclay well dried before use, the above
mentioned cross rods holding the clay in its place. This arrangement is in lieu of
wedging in fire bricks, as is at present usual.
At intervals along the side of the furnace are wrought iron water columns fitted
into cast iron sockets, forming part of the furnace casing, water being caused to
circulate through these columns to keep the furnace cool. The columns also give
greater durability to the structure.

page_text: The boiler is double and vertical, it comprises a central cylindrical chamber and
an outer annular chamber with water and steam in the central chamber and also in
outer chamber; the central one has cross tubes to afford additional heating surface.
Perforated fire bricks are placed loose around the heat space between the two
chambers for retaining and giving off heat, consuming smoke, and protecting the t
lower parts of the boiler,-the outer and inner chambers are free to expand and
contract independently, being connected only by steam pipes at top.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO ANY SHAFT, FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF POWER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ross at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1883.
WILLIAM ROSS, of Coburg Road, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING MOTION TO ANY SHAFT, FOR THE
TRANSMISSION OF POWER;
This Invention has for its object an improved apparatus for communicating
motion to shafts for the transmission of power, and consists in converting
reciprocatory, into rotatory, motion. This is effected in the following manner.
I provide on the shaft a toothed or frictional wheel, and the said wheel engages
with other surfaces forming part of the piston, which terminates in a stirrup-
shape. On the underside of the upper part of the said reciprocating bar, or
stirrup, I connect by suitable means, a rack or frictional surface, into or onto
which the pinion on the shaft engages, and when the piston has arrived at the end
of its stroke, a tappet or cushion is actuated, which will raise the said frictional or
toothed surface, whilst simultaneously the other surface on the upper side of the
lower bar, will be brought into gear, and thus the motion will be always
transmitted in the same direction of rotation.
It is obvious that this mechanical arrangement can be used for any purpose
with the aforesaid object, such as for engines, tricycles, and other apparatus.
In its adaptation to steam, gas, compressed air, or other fluid Engines, a valve,
that may be most advantageously employed, consists of two discs with corresponding
apertures or ports. for the admission of the power, and these discs are rotated at
different speeds, but in the same or in opposite directions, by gearing from the
main shaft, so as to effect an efficient "cut-off"
IMPROVEMENTS IN FILES AND IN THE METHOD OF CUTTING THE SAME
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua Heap at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1883.
JOSHUA HEAP of Ashton-under-Lyne in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Tool Maker, "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILES AND IN THE METHOD OF CUTTING THE
SAME."
My Invention relates to round and half round files and generally to files having
curved cut faces or working surfaces. Previously to my Invention the operator
when cutting such curved faces has started at one end of the file and made a line
of cuts extending directly towards the other end of the file. Files thus cut have
a series of ridges which when the files are used have a tendency to groove the
work. According to my invention the lines of cuts commence at one edge of the
file and extend spirally to the other edge so that the whole surface is covered with
spiral lines of cuts instead of with straight or nearly straight lines. Such a file if
well cut does not groove the work. In the operation of cutting the bed supporting
the file blank is preferably gradually turned during the formation of each line of
cuts. In the case of round files the blank may be revolved so that a continuous
spiral line is cut from end to end or a number of, such spiral lines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL TABLETS FOR ADVERTISING PURPOSES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Brand and Herbert Fermor at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1883.
JOHN BRAND and HERBERT FERMOR, of the firm of John Brand & Company,
of New Street, Cloth Fair in the City of London, Printers, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL TABLETS FOR ADVERTISING PURPOSES.
"
This invention relates to an improved manufacture of tablets for advertising
purposes in a very simple cheap and highly artistic and effective manner.
Glass tablets having ceramic colours burnt in or with designs etched by acid or
the sand blast and either plain or filled in with colour have long been in use but
are very expensive.
Now our invention enables us to produce a very effective tablet at a merely
nominal cost.
We take what is known as "Bank Post Paper "and roll the same nearly to a
tissue paper.
Suitable colours are then taken and carefully ground and mixed with a suitable
vehicle to preserve their transparency and the designs or device are printed
therewith on the said prepared paper.
We take the printed sheets and carefully coat them with a varnish known as
Bath Varnish" and allow them to dry.
Glass tablets or sheets cut to any suitable size or shape for the purpose required
are now taken and immersed in heated water to thoroughly warm them.
We also make a solution of the best "Scotch Glue" in hot water, and coat or
cover the surface of the glass tablet, or the varnished side of the printed sheet
with this. The sheet is then laid on the glass and carefully pressed or smoothed
till the air is expelled and the surfaces are in contact throughout.
When dry the printed surface will appear to be closely set upon the glass as if
it were part of it. We then coat the back of the design with size and after with
spirit varnish.
If we desire the announcements or parts to be densely opaque we first print
such and then cover over with "Dutch Metal Leaf" and then print over with
black or color.

page_text: The edges are then bound with metallic paper or tape for protection and holes
drilled in the glass for suspending or otherwise securing the tablet.
It will be seen that these advertising tablets can be made to produce the effects
of painted glass ones at a merely nominal cost.
These tablets are intended for day and night advertising retaining their
intrinsic and artistic merits with an obscure darkness or brilliant day or gas,
electric, or other light behind them shewing up their colors and combinations of
colors
IMPROVEMENTS IN REELS FOR SHIPS' HAWSERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert Cheesman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July 1883.
"
"
HERBERT CHEESMAN of Hartlepool in the county of Durham IMPROVEMENTS
IN REELS FOR SHIPS' HAWSERS
"
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of reels for stowing
or holding ships' hawsers whereby I dispense with the usual crank handles and
thereby economize space and whereby the reel can be worked or controlled by one
man only.
In carrying out my improvements I employ a reel of the ordinary_construction
but instead of driving the same by means of the usual crank handles I provide the
shaft of the reel with a pinion into which gears a worm on a shaft driven by a
handle placed at the top of the shaft and at a suitable angle.
I provide an automatic bearing for the worm shaft consisting of a slotted casting.
the shaft passing through the slot; within the casting is pivotted a hooked shaped
pawl so arranged that when the hawser is being stowed the worm will be brought
into and kept in gear with the pinion but when the hawser is being paid out the
worm automatically falls out of gear from its pinion and the reel is then free and
may be controlled by means of the usual break.
If required a pin is employed to keep the worm in gear with its pinion whilst
the hawser is being paid out.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CARTRIDGE HOLDER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Walter D'Alton and
Frederick William Durham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 29th May 1883.
PATRICK WALTER D'ALTON of Streathamn in the County of Middlesex and
FREDERICK WILliam Durham of Station Road Barnet in the County of Herts.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CARTRIDGE HOLDER"
Our invention relates to a cartridge holder to be worn on the person as a belt or
attached by a belt or otherwise so as to lie against the side in a convenient position
for the wearer rapidly and easily taking from it successive cartridges for use in his
weapon or fowling piece. We make the holder as a case having a section cor-
responding approximately in form to the longitudinal section of the cartridge, so
that a number of cartridges can be piled up in it one above another. It is
convenient to provide at each side of the case a shallow groove to guide the
cartridge flanges, preventing them from turning over. At the bottom of the case
there is a lateral opening large enough to allow passage of a cartridge with an
arrangement of light springs to hold the lowest cartridge in. The case being
charged with cartridges either through the opening near the bottom or through an
opening covered by a lid at the top or side, these cartridges lie in it piled one
above the other, the lowest being prevented from issuing sideways by the springs
bearing against it. The wearer, introducing his thumb and fingers through notches
at the bottom takes hold of the lowest cartridge and pulls it out, the springs
yielding sufficiently to let it pass, and the next cartridge takes its place, ready to
be taken out in its turn. The case may be made of thin metal or of wood, veneer,
cardboard, leather or other light material sufficiently stiff to retain its form, and it
may be varnished or covered with leather or fabric glazed or otherwise prepared
to render it weatherproof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING DOUBLE WOVEN PILED FABRICS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Romyn Hitchcock at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1883.
ROMYN HITCHCOCK of Maiden Lane New York City State of New York United
States of America, but at present of N° 28 Southampton Buildings in the County
of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING DOUBLE WOVEN PILED
FABRICS."
1
1
My invention relates to apparatus for cutting double woven piled fabrics so as
to divide the web into two layers each presenting a pile.
For this purpose, I pass the web over rollers which are somewhat bellied or
over bellied bars so as to have a laterally stretching effect, and between feed
rollers, also between adjustable guides presenting bevilled edges in close proximity
to which a band knive moves rapidly. This knife, which passes round pullies and
is kept stretched by weights, screws or springs like a band saw, severs the web
into two layers the one of which is led off by guide and stretching rollers on one
side of the knife and the other is similarly led off on the other side. The feed
movement of the fabric is preferably made independent of the movement given to
the knife so that their relative speeds can be independently adjusted. In order to
prevent vibration of the knife, I pass it through guides which are placed as close
as possible to the selvages of the fabric, and for the purpose of stretching the
knife, I pass it in one part of its course over a tightening pulley adjustably strained
by weights or spring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRING MATTRESSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Beck at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd May 1883. Communicated to him
from abroad by Jean François Felix Gustave Soisson of 2 Boulevard de
Strasbourg Paris in the Republic of France
WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 139. Cannon Street in the City of London, Consulting
Engineer and Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPRING
MATTRESSES [communicated to him from abroad by Jean François Felix Gustave
Soisson of 2 Boulevard de Strasbourg Paris in the Republic of France]
"
The improvements forming the subject of the present invention relate to
arrangements which constitute a novel application of spiral springs of galvanized
and tinned iron wire forming a tissue or grating which composes the mattress.
According to circumstances the mattresses may be fixed on metal framework
composed of angle or other iron, or on wooden framework, and they are intended
for ordinary domestic, military or other bedding.
When the framework is of iron it comprises two long sides with two upright
pieces at each end, all made of angle irons connected by rivets.
The two uprights at each end are connected together by cross pieces of angle
iron. The two long sides are connected together by a piece of flat iron, and
the upright end pieces are stayed to the side angle irons by diagonal angle iron
braces.
The uprights and their connecting angle irons are furnished with wooden linings
which serve as points of attachment for the spiral springs, which constitute the
elastic tissue forming the mattress.
The upper part of the mattress is made of two similar sheets of spiral spring
tissue. This tissue, which is galvanized or tinned, is formed of spiral springs
going from one end to the other, and interlacing at each side with the neighbouring
spiral springs. The falling sides are nailed to the vertical wooden lining pieces;
and at the bottom, in order to close the mattress, they are fixed to iron rods
fixed to the side angle irons.
The iron work constituting the frame of the mattress is preferably galvanized
or tinned like the spiral springs forming the gratings of the mattress itself.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN KEYS FOR LOCKS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Legget at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1883.
JOHN LEGGET, of Edinburgh, in the County of Midlothian, North Britain
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN KEYS FOR LOCKS
This Invention which relates to an improvement in keys for locks has for its
object to prevent the keys of those locks which can be put into opposite sides of
the locks, such for example as the locks which are frequently placed on the doors
of rooms of houses, hotels, or other buildings, from being turned round so as to
unlock a locked room or other locked space or chamber by the application of tongs
or an equivalent instrument to grip or seize the projecting point of the key by
which it is guided into its proper position in the lock.-It is well known that
thieves or robbers frequently open rooms in Hotels and other places in the manner
hereinbefore described and the main purpose of this Invention is to prevent
robberies being so committed.
The invention consists in so constructing the key, that the said projecting part
thereof is moveable, that is to say, that it can be rotated axially, and therefore in
being so rotated its rotation cannot effect the rotation of the key in the lock, and
thus the unlocking of the lock by the means referred to is prevented.
The Invention is carried into effect either by fitting on the end of the key a
ferule or cap of the diameter of the ordinary projecting part or by fitting to it a
solid piece attached thereto by a swivel or equivalent joint.
WINDOW SASH AND OTHER FASTENINGS »
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Butler at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd January 1883.
JOHN BUTLER of Birkenhead in the county of Chester.
WINDOW SASH AND OTHER FASTENINGS
»
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to Improvements in the form and construction of window
sash or other fasteners.
The ordinary sash fasteners now in general use are easily tampered with from
the outside by the insertion of a knife blade or other instrument they are so easily
broken that they are constantly out of order-they do not keep the sashes close
together to prevent shaking and the passage of dust smoke etcetera necessitating
the use of pegs, sand bags and other make shifts to modify these annoyances the
fastener invented is designed to obviate all these.
The form preferably adopted by me is a metal bolt working in a guide of
tubular or other convenient form, the bolt is tapered at the point to enter the
catch readily, it has at its point a lip and near the centre a knob, by the knob the
bolt is pushed horizontally forward into the catch and when in that position is
turned over in a groove or other contrivance giving a screw motion whereby the
two sashes are drawn perfectly tight together, this movement being assisted in
tightening and holding by the screw or oblique form given to the outside of the
catch into which the lip of bolt works.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COLOURED, GRAINED LEATHER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1883. A communication from
Messieurs Hausmann, Brothers, persons resident at Homburg vor der Höhe in
the Empire of Germany
"
FRANK WIRTH, of the firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF COLOURED, GRAINED LEATHER [a communication from
Messieurs Hausmann, Brothers, persons resident at Homburg vor der Höhe in the
Empire of Germany]
This invention relates to the manufacture of coloured grained leather
According to the said invention the hides, pelts, or skins which are first properly
tanned in the ordinary manner are grounded with some bright colour, such as
yellowish-red, grey, green, blue, or the like and are stretched and dried by any
suitable means.
The skin is now bleached either before or after graining according to the graining
required the latter process may be performed by hand, or by means of presses or
rollers.
Upon the leather thus prepared is laid, in a heated state, some dark colour such
as black, brown, dark red, dark green, dark blue or the like, in such a manner as
to cover the grain only and leave the ground bright. This may be accomplished
oither by hand by means of a puff or ball covered with fine flannel, or by means of
a drum-shaped apparatus covered with the same material.
When the covering colour has dried into the leather, the latter is moistened in
the usual manner, and again beaten out, whipped up, or grained and finished off.
This invention is adapted for all kinds of leather such as calf, sheep and goat
skins, Russian leather, seal skins, or ox and cow hides, and may be used with all
kinds of graining preparations.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Morgan Williams at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1883.
MORGAN WILLIAMS of Cardiff in the County of Glamorgan IMPROVEMENTS
IN BRAKES FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES.
This Invention which relates to improvements in brakes for carriages and other
vehicles, consists in the employment of a partial strap or band of steel, brass or
other suitable metal or material which is passed round the stock or nave of one or
more of the wheels of the vehicle and which, being capable of gradual or sudden
compression when actuated accordingly from the driver's seat or other convenient
place, retards the revolving motion of the wheel or wheels to the desired degree,
the action being effected either directly or through intermediate mechanism. The
strap or band is preferably situated on that portion of the stock which projects
inwards from the spokes of the wheel. Levers are attached to the strap or band
and are connected to a bar or shaft extending transversely underneath the body of
the vehicle. To this bar is attached a rod connected to the actuating apparatus
which may be a manually operated device, or may consist of a cylinder charged
with compressed air or other agent supplied from a receiver fitted in the body or
frame of the vehicle. The strap or band may be protected from dust and dirt by a
box or cover. Coiled or other springs may be fitted to the strap or band to assist
in releasing or taking off the brake.
Instead of being passed round the wheel stock as above described, the band may
be passed round a drum keyed on or otherwise secured to an axle of the vehicle,
the wheels being rigidly secured to the said axle which revolves with them.
The improved brake is less destructive in its action upon both the wheels and
body of the vehicle than brakes as hitherto constructed.
A FOLDING CHAIR Fig
Year: 1883

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Ernest Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1883.
ERNEST SMITH of Manhattan Villa Thurlow Hill, West Dulwich in the county
of Surrey A FOLDING CHAIR
Fig. 1 in the drawing represents the chair frame set up for use
Fig. 2 Represents a section of the chair frame folded
I claim as my invention the combination of the side bars A. B. C. D. E. in the
manner as shown in the drawing, and the strap F attached to the cross bars x. y.
The side bars are pivoted together at the points a. c. i. o. u.
The side bar D. has a projection b at one end. said projection fiting into a corre-
sponding opening in the bar A. the two legs thus firmly bracing against each
other
The strap F keeps the bar D suspended at an angle that enables the pro-
jection 6 to pass quickly and readily into its corresponding opening in the bar A.
The bar C has a slot in one end in which the pivot slides to enable the chair to
fold up more compactly
In witness whereof I the said Ernest Smith have hereunto set my hand and
seal this 2nd day of April A.D. 1883
IMPROVEMENTS IN SYRINGES AND IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING PERFUMERY COSMETICS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thompson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1883.
JOHN THOMPSON of Aldersgate Street in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN SYRINGES AND IN BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING PERFUMERY COSMETICS AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES
">
This Invention has for its object improvements in syringes and in bottles for
containing perfumery cosmetics and other substances.
For this purpose I make the body of a bottle of vulcanized india rubber with a
metallic or other rigid head.
To secure the metallic head to the top of the body of the bottle I form the
metallic head with a tubular neck terminating at its lower end in an inverted cup
approximately hemispherical on the exterior.
The vulcanized india rubber body I form with a short neck extending from it
for the lower end of the neck of the rigid head to be inserted into.
The mouth of the neck of the elastic body I form with a stout ring or flange
around it and make it to fit to the stem of the rigid head. Below this stout ring
or flange the neck of the elastic body is enlarged into a spherical chamber for the
cup shaped enlargement at the end of the stem of the rigid head to enter.
The upper part of the spherical chamber in the elastic neck I make to fit over
the exterior of the cup shaped enlargement of the rigid stem so that the
circumference of the cup shaped enlargement shall be grasped by the sides of the
spherical chamber. In this way not only is the rigid head held very securely to
the elastic body of the bottle but a perfectly air tight joint is also formed between
them. For bottles for containing perfumery or other liquids the head may be
formed with a fine perforation or perforations which can be closed over by a screw
cap so that when the cap is removed the liquid scent may be squirted out through
the perforations by squeezing the body of the bottle. For bottles for containing
cosmetics and such like the head may have a single perforation of larger dimensions
formed through it and be similarly closed by a screw cap. For injection syringes
the elastic body of the bottle is formed in the same way, the tube or nozzle of
the syringe may as heretofore be entirely of metal or bone or such like substance or
of elastic material with rigid ends and the end which is to be secured to the elastic
bottle is formed with a cup shaped enlargement and held in the mouth of the
bottle in the way above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLATION.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Frederick Lackersteen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January 1883.
JAMES FREDERICK LACKERSTEEN of Greenwich in the County of Kent. Engineer
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISTILLATION.
My invention consists in a system of distilling alcohol and other products at a
lower temperature than has hitherto been employed. To effect this the vapour
from the still is made to pass into a vacuum space and is there condensed while at
the same time by means of a hydrostatic balance tube the vapour so condensed is
being drawn off and a vacuum during the process of distillation maintained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN " LAMP " GLOBES AND SHADES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick John Biertumpfel and
Henry Augustus Biertumpfel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 14th November 1883.
FREDERICK JOHN BIERTUMPFEL and HENRY AUGUSTUS BIERTUMPFEL, both of
Albany Street, Regents Park in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN
"
LAMP " GLOBES AND SHADES
"
According to this invention we construct globes and shades for gas and other
lamps or lights with a frame which is made to drop onto or be fixed to the burner,
pipe or other part of the lamp or light. The frame is constructed with ribs or bars
between which "fields" panes or slides of glass or other transparent or partly
transparent material can be inserted or fixed in grooves or otherwise. The ribs
may be fixed or they may be removable or jointed whereby they also take up less
room for transport. The "fields" panes or slides are made to contain designs,
ornaments, writing, texts, photographs or other art productions, thus enhancing
the beauty and value of the globe or shade. The form of the latter may be conical,
straight or curved. Sometimes part of it may be fitted with looking glass and
another part with fields which are reflected therein. The fields, slides or panes
may be arranged in venetian blind fashion admitting the light downwards wholly
between them and it may be so that the designs on the under or inner side of an
upper range of panes are reflected into the outer side of the next lower one.
or more of the panes may be magnifying glass.
One
To improve the light in the case of gas the flame may be surrounded by a shade
of a shape somewhat like that of the flame so as to confine the amount of air
admitted thereto. The shade may be opaque thus not allowing the flame to be
seen through the coloured glass panes in the outside framework. A similar effect
may be obtained by placing a framework of metal with coloured glass panes over
an ordinary globe.
The panes, fields or slides when made removable can be replaced by new ones
when injured or when a change is desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INCANDESCENCE ELECTRIC LAMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Luigi Giovani Baptisti Arrighi at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1883.
LUIGI GIOVANI BAPTISTI ARRIGHI of Brooke Street, Holborn, in the County
of Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN INCANDESCENCE ELECTRIC LAMPS"
In an incandescence electric lamp according to my invention the bulb and the
neck of the globe are formed in one piece and are never separated as is customary
in the formation of some lamps, but the orifice of the neck is contracted to a
diameter about equal to the diameter of the tube through which the metallic
conductors connected to the incandescing filament are led into the bulb. These
conductors are fused into the inner or superior end of this tube (or into legs or
extensions thereof) which is at its other end turned outward so as to overlap the
end of the neck of the globe to which it is fused.
By this arrangement the final joint is of moderate dimensions and the operation
of making it is much simplified
I form the filament in the shape of a helix, and I turn the upper extremity
downwards through the centre of the helix to lead it to the metallic conductor.
By this means I obtain a bridge of great elasticity, and am able to employ a
filament of great length and consequently of high resistance within a globe of
moderate size.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAPLETS FOR HOLDING CORES IN POSITION IN THE OPERATION OF CASTING
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Haley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1883.
WILLIAM HENRY HALEY of Bradford in the County of York, Ironfounder
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAPLETS FOR HOLDING CORES IN POSITION IN THE OPERATION
OF CASTING
"
The object of this invention is to insure greater regularity in the thickness of
metal surrounding any core.
I accomplish my object in the following manner. After the mould is "rammed
up" in the bottom box, say, in the case of a pipe or pillar to be cast in the
ordinary way, that is, horizontally or at angle, I place a cast or wrought iron bar
in the top box above the mould: in the centre of this bar is a screwed hole into
which I insert a screwed pin after the top box has been removed from off the
mould the other end of this pin rests against a small cast iron plate imbedded in
the core, the space between the bar and the plate forms the thickness of metal
which includes the button surrounding the ordinary chaplet. The screwed pin
admits of nice regulation for thickness by screwing in or out of the cross bar as
may be required
When the casting is taken from the sand the bar and the iron plate can be again
used, the screwed pin being imbedded and surrounded by the metal of the casting.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUSERS, BREECHES AND DRAWERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hargate Clibran at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1883.
JOSEPH HARGATE CLIBRAN, of Altrincham, in the County of Chester, Nurseryman,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TROUSERS, BREECHES AND DRAWERS,"
My invention relates to and consists in an improved construction of Trousers,
breeches and drawers.
Ordinary trousers are made closed at the back and either buttoned up the front
of the body or buttoned at the waistband in front and with what tailors commonly
term a "full fall" buttoned to the waistband of the trousers.
The object of my improvement and mode of carrying it into effect will be most
readily explained and understood by stating that my improved trousers are made
at the back part of the garment with an opening closed or covered by a "full fall"
similar to or a modification of the "full fall" commonly used in the front of ordinary
trousers so that my improved trousers have a "full fall" arrangement behind in
addition to the ordinary arrangement in front of the garment.
The "fall" behind the garment may be modified in shape and arrangement as
required, and when not in use is secured to the waistband by two or more buttons
by preference, the same as the ordinary "full fall" in front of the garment.
My improved trousers appear to be the same as ordinary trousers behind where
they are covered by the vest and coat but even when uncovered the difference
between my improved and ordinary trousers is not readily seen or at all
objectionable.
My improved trousers can be used the same as ordinary trousers, but when used
as designed the garments are much less deranged and fewer buttons have to be
unbuttoned and buttoned than with ordinary trousers.
When drawers are worn in addition to trousers they are or may be constructed
so as to open vertically behind, or like the back part of my improved trousers.
Or the fall of the back part of the drawers is or may be buttoned or secured at
the upper edge to the corresponding edge of the inside of the "fall" for the back
part of my improved trousers so that both are thus moved together and unbuttoned
and secured at the same time.