IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE OR LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Ward, of Radford, in the County of
Nottingham, Machine Builder, and John Dewick, of New Lenton,
in the said County of Nottingham, Mechanist, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
TEXTILE OR LOOPED FABRICS."
Sealed the 21st November 1862, and dated the 23rd May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Ward an
John Dewick, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with heir
Petition, on the 23rd May 1862.
We, JOSEPH WARD, of Radford, in the County of Nottingham, Machine
Builder, and JOHN DEWICK, of New Lenton, in the said County of.
Nottingham, Mechanist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
TEXTILE OR LOOPED FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of certain new mechanical arrangements and combina-
tion of parts, as herein-after mentioned, supported by end standards, and
where the length of the frame makes it requisite, by intermediate standards
also, which are connected together by a top tie bar, two back tie bars, and
one front tie bar. There is a needle bar to which a to-and-fro movement is
given as follows:-There are two or more short links upon one end to which
the needle bar is secured, the other ends of the links are hinged to brackets

page_text: attached to a spindle bar lying below and at the back of the needle bar.
There is also an horizontal bar attached to the needle bar at each end of the
machine, the front end of the horizontal bar works on a pin or axle secured
fast where required in the slot of a link moving on an axle secured to the
front framing of the machine. There are two cam shafts, one at the back
the other at the front of the frame; the needle bar is moved by cams on the
back shaft and by intermediate links and levers; both cam shafts are pro-
vided at one end with a bevil wheel, which wheel gears into similar wheels on
each end of a short horizontal shaft at one end of the frame, the bevil
wheels on this shaft being twice the size of the bevil wheels on the cam
shafts, the cam shafts will make two revolutions while one revolution is made
on the short shaft, this short shaft is also provided with wheels hereafter
referred to. At the back of the needle bar and links, and between the bar
and the links from the lower spindle bar are secured brackets, which brackets
support a presser spindle bar carrying arms supporting a presser bar above
the needles, so that presser, spindle bar, and presser are moved with the needle
bar, the presser being raised or lowered independently of its horizontal move-
ment by levers on the presser spindle bar moved by cams on the back cam
shaft. Below the needle bar is a spindle bar carrying brackets which support
a sinker bar, the spindle bar lying in bearings secured to the end castings and
intermediate castings of the frame, the spindle bar is moved by levers at
the back, and is worked by cams on the back cam shaft in such manner that
the sinker bar, and consequently the sinkers attached to it, will have a vertical
up-and-down motion. We sometimes also require a to-and-fro movement, in
which case we attach the sinkers or the leads in which they are cast to a
sinker bar lying in bearing brackets secured to the spindle bar levers, being
attached to the sinker bar and moved by cams on either the front or back
cam shafts, thereby producing an horizontal and vertical motion combined.
In front of the needle bar lie one or more guide bars supported by brackets
attached to a spindle bar which has a rocking motion given it by levers moved by
cams on the front cam shaft, causing the guide bars to be moved to and from
the needles horizontally; the guides have a vertical motion given them by
means of levers attached to the bars and moved by cams on the front cam
shaft. Behind the needle bar Jie two bars which slide horizontally on
brackets secured to the frame standards, the bars are connected together the
required distance apart, and attached on the under side thereof to links hinged
to levers secured on axle pins and provided with trucks moved by cams on
the back cam shaft. At the back of the two bars is a third bar to which
levers are fixed on the under side, also provided with trucks and working on

page_text: axle pins; the levers and bar are moved by cams on the back cam shaft. Ou
the top of the two first named bars lie bolts having projections on the under side
which drop between the two bars, the third bar lies at the back or tail end of
the bolts to each of which is attached a string or other contrivance from a.
jacquard; the front end of the bolt is pointed vertically for about half its depth.
from the top side and then forms a stop at right angles to the bottom side..
Near the front end of each bolt is a slot through which a wire is passed which.
forms an axle or centre for the bolt to move upon when the tail is lifted, by
the jacquard; the front and back ends of the bolts lie in sleys, the back sleys.
being secured to the back top tie bar of the frame and the front, sleys,.
through which the aforesaid wire passes, to a bar held by brackets secured to
the top tie bar. There is one bolt lying over every needle in the frame, and,
when the jacquard selects a number of the bolts. the tail ends will be held at
such a height that the two connected bars above mentioned will not receive,
the projection on the under side of the bolts (such projection being raised.
above the bars) and, therefore, will not move the bolts towards the needle
heads as the two bars advance each course, while the bolts not selected,
having their under side projection between the bars, will be moved in; the
selected bolts are moved in by the advance of a third bar every course just
before the two bars move in the unselected ones. Above the needles and
bolts we place one or more guide bars or perforated bars supplied with
threads, by preference from spools, but having the spools placed horizontally.
These bars have an horizontal traversing motion given them by wheels, or
The bolts work in,
jacquard, or sometimes by both, or by other, contrivance.
conjunction with the guide bars thus:-The guide bars move the threads, a.
certain distance to the right or left, when the selected bolts being brought
forward the stop and inclined end of the bolts hold the threads until a further
traverse to the right or left is made by the threads, when the remainder of
the bolts, that is, those which were not selected are moved up towards the
needle heads, level' with those selected, which fall as soon as the unselected.
ones are moved in, and the whole held until the before-mentioned, sinkers.
rise up and take hold of. the threads and carry them towards the heads,
of the needles, as the needles recede and lower,, and carry them under.
the needles and hold them until the needles come forward again for a fresh;
course. During the selection and moving in of the bolts the front guide bars.
lap thin threads round.the needles, their beards being pressed as the needles.
recede, the work being knocked over the heads of the needles by the belly of
the sinkers. The guide bars above the needle bar, which are moved by.
wheels, and the guide bars in front of the needles are moved by wheels which,

page_text: are placed on the short horizontal shaft lying at one end of the frame. Those
guide or perforated bars lying above the needle bar which are not moved by
the wheels, but are moved by the jacquard or other contrivance, are for
enabling us to move the threads with facility when laying in thick threads or
finings, or making openwork requiring a greater traverse of the threads than
can be conveniently given by wheels. The above combination of parts con-
stitute our first arrangement.
Our second arrangement consists in using this first arrangement without a
sinker bar or sinkers, and having the incline of the front of the bolt continued
to the lower edge of the bolts, the under side of which is grooved so that the
needle can slide in such groove, which is divided in its length by a portion being
cut out forming a gap, so that, as the needle recedes, the thread will slip under
the bolt and lie in the gap, the two sides of the groove knocking the work
over the heads of the needles, and, as the needles again. come forward, the
threads will be placed under the needles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Ward and John Dewick, in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
WARD, of Radford, in the County of Nottingham, Machine Builder, and
JOHN DEWICK, of New Lenton, in the said County of Nottingham, Mechanist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Joseph Ward and John Dewick, Her special licence, that we,
the said Joseph Ward and John Dewick, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Joseph Ward and John Dewick,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OP TEXTILE OR LOOPED FABRICS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Ward and John

page_text: Dewick, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Ward and John Dewick,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to certain new arrangements and combinations of
parts as herein after described, supported by an ordinary framework consisting
of end standards, and where the length of the frame makes it requisite, by
intermediate standards also, the said standards being connected together
by a top tie bar, two back tie bars, and one front tie bar.
In our improved machinery or apparatus there is a needle bar, to which
a to-and-fro movement is imparted as follows, that is to say: There are two
or more short links upon one end, to which the needle bar is secured,
the other ends of the links are hinged to brackets attached to a spindle bar
lying below, and at the back of the needle bar. There is also a horizontal
bar attached to the needle bar at each end of the machine, the front end of
the horizontal bar works on a pin or axle secured fast at the position required
in the slot of a link moving on an axle secured to the front framing of the
machine. There are two cam shafts one at the back, and the other at the
front of the machine. The needle bar is moved by cams on the back shaft,
and by intermediate links and levers. Each of the aforesaid cam shafts is
provided at one end with a bevil wheel, which wheels gear into similar wheels
on each end of a short horizontal shaft at one end of the frame, the bevil
wheels on this shaft are twice the size of the bevil wheels on the cam shafts.
The cam shafts will make two revolutions, while one revolution is being
made by the short shaft, this short shaft is also provided with wheels herein-
after referred to. At the back of the bar and links, and between the bar
and the links, from the lower spindle bar are secured brackets, these brackets
support a presser spindle bar carrying arms, which support a presser bar above
the needles, so that the presser spindle bar and presser are moved with the
needle bar, the presser being raised or lowered independently of its horizontal
movement by means of levers on the presser spindle bar, moved by cams on
the back cam shaft. Below the needle bar is a spindle bar carrying brackets,
which support a sinker bar, the spindle bar lies in bearings secured to the

page_text: 'end castings, and also to the intermediate castings of the frame. The spindle
bar is moved by levers at the back, and is worked by cams. on the back cam
ishaft in such manner that the sinker bar, and consequently the sinkers attached
to it will.have a vertical up-and-down motion; we sometimes also, require to
inipart a to-and-fro movement to the sinkers, in which case we attach the
sinkers, or the leads in which they are cast to a sinker bar lying in bearing
brackets secured to the spindle bar, levers being attached to the sinker bar,
and moved by cams on either the front or back cam shafts, thereby producing
a horizontal and vertical motion combined. In front of the needle bar lie one
or more guide bars supported by brackets attached to a spindle bar, which has
a rocking motion communicated to it by means of levers -moved by cams on
the front cam shaft, thus causing the guide bars to be moved to and from the
néedles horizontally; the guides have a vertical motion given them by means
of levers attached to the bars, and moved by cams on the front cam shaft.
Behind the needle bar lie two bars which slide horizontally on brackets
secured to the standards of the frame, these bars are connected together, the
required distance apart, and are attached on the under side to links hinged
to levers secured on axle pins; these levers are provided with trucks moved
by cams on the back cam shaft. At the back of the two bars is a third
bar to the under side of which are fixed levers, which are also provided with
trucks and work on axle pins; the levers and bar are moved by cams on the
back cam shaft. On the top of the two first-named bars lie bolts having pro-
jections on the under side, these projections drop between the two bars, the
third bar lying at the back or tail end of the bolts, to each of these bolts at the
back or tail end is attached a string or other equivalent connecting contrivance
from a jacquard; the front end of the bolt is pointed vertically for about half its
depth from the top side, and then forms a stop at right angles to the bottom
side. Near the front end of each bolt is a slot, through which a wire is passed
which forms an axle or centre for the bolt to move upon when the tail is
lifted by the jacquard, the tail being connected by a string or equivalent
contrivance to a jacquard; the front and back ends of the bolts lie in sleys,
the back sleys being secured to the back top tie bar of the frame, and the
front sleys, through which the wire before mentioned is passed to a bar held by
brackets secured to the top tie bar. There is one bolt lying over every needle
in the frame, and when the jacquard selects a number of the bolts the tail
ends will be held at such a height that the two connected bars above men-
tioned will not receive the projection on the under side of the bolts, (such
projection being raised above the bars,) and therefore will not move the bolts to-
wards the needle heads as the two bars advance each course, while the bolts not

page_text: selected having their under side projection between the bars will be moved in
the selected bolts are moved in by the advance of a third every course just
before the two bars move in the unselected ones. Above the needles and
bolts we place one or more guide bars or perforated bars, which are supplied
with threads, by preference from spools, in the ordinary way, but having the
spools placed horizontally. These bars have a horizontal traversing motion
given them by wheels or by a jacquard, and sometimes by both these means,
or by other suitable ordinary mechanical contrivances. The bolts work in
conjunction with the guide bars in the following manner:-The guide bars
move the threads a certain distance to the right or left, when the selected
bolts being brought forward the stop. and inclined end of the bolts hold the
threads until a further traverse to the right or left is made by the threads, when
the remainder of the bolts, that is, those bolts which were not selected aro
moved up towards the needle heads level with those which are selected, and
which fall as soon as the unselected ones are moved in, and the whole are held
until the before-mentioned sinkers rise up and take hold of the threads, and
carry them towards the heads of the needles, as the needles recede and lower;
and then carry them (the threads) under the needles, and hold them until the
needles come forward again for a fresh course. During the selection and
moving in of the bolts the front guide bars lap their threads round the needles,
their beards being pressed as the needles recede, the work is knocked over the
heads of the needles by the belly of the sinkers. Those guide bars above
the needle bar, (which are moved by wheels,) and the guide bars in front of
the needles are moved by wheels, which are placed on the short horizontal
shaft lying at one end of the frame. Those guide or perforated bars that lie
above the needle bar, and which are not moved by the wheels, but are moved
by the jacquard or by other suitable contrivance, are for the purpose of enabling.
us to move the threads with greater facility' when laying in thick threads. or
finings, or making openwork requiring a greater traverse of the threads than
can be conveniently given by means of wheels. The above combination of
parts constitutes our first arrangement.
ג'
Our second arrangement consists in using the above-described first arrange-
ment, but without a sinker bar or sinkers; and having the incline of the front
of the bolt continued to the lower edge of the bolt, the under side of which is
grooved so that the needle can slide in such groove, which is divided in its
length by a portion being cut out so as to form a gap, so that as the needle'
recedes the thread will slip under the bolt and lie in the gap, the two sides
of the groove knock the work over the. heads of the needles, and as the
needles again come. forward. the threads will be placed under the needles.

page_text: Having thus set forth the nature of the said Invention, we now proceed to
explain the same more particularly, and the manner of performing it with
reference to the accompanying Drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, Sheet I., is an end view of a warp frame, with the several parts
arranged and combined, according to our first arrangement, but with one end
standard taken away to shew the several bars in section. Figure 2, Sheet I.,
is a plan of the: short shaft and wheels, which communicate motion to the
several guide bars.. Figure 3, Sheet 2, shews a portion of Figure 1 enlarged
and in section; and Figure 4, Sheet 3, represents a similar combination to
Figure 3, but in which the sinker has no belly, and the bar carrying the
sinker is furnished with levers moved by a cam on the front cam shaft, which
moves the sinkers to and fro horizontally, they being moved vertically, as
herein-after described. Figure 5, Sheet 4, represents a combination of parts,
wherein we use a differently shaped bolt, and dispense. with the sinker to take
the work:back, the work being taken back by a bar in front of it.. Figure 6,
Sheet 5, is a front view, and Figure 7 a sectional view, shewing the manner
in which we arrange two or more guide: bars to work above the needles;
Figure 8 is a side view of a spring bolt, which we sometimes use instead of
the bolt shewn in the previous Figures. Figures 9 to 20 represent the cams
on the front and back cam shafts, and also the wheels on the short shaft to
move the guide bars. Figure 9, Sheet 6, is the cam which drives the needle
bar, and Figure 10 is the cam, which propels the two bars I; Figure 11 is
the cam, which propels the bar L; and Figure 12 is the cam which moves
the sinker bar; Figure 13 is the cam which moves the cylinder of the
jacquard; and Figure 14 is the cam which moves the gridiron of the jac-
quard; Figure 15 is the cam which moves the front guides. horizontally; and
Figure 16 is the cam which gives the lapping motion to the guides; Figure 17
is the wheel, which shogs the front guide bar; and Figure 18 is the pressing
cam; Figure 19 is the weaving cam, which moves one of the top guide bars;
and Figure 20 is the cam which moves the second top guide bar, when two
guide bars, are used. The several corresponding parts of each of these Figures
being lettered alike, the following description will apply to each.
The mechanical arrangements are supported by end standards A, and where
the length of the frame renders it necessary by intermediate standards also. S
These standards are connected. together by a top tie bar B, and two back tie
bars B, and one front tie bar B. There is a needle bar C, which has a
to-and-fro movement imparted to it; thus thère are two or more short

page_text: links C, upon which the needle bar is secured; one end of these links is
hinged to brackets C, attached to a spindle bar C3 lying below and at
the back of the needle bar. There is also a horizontal bar C* attached to the
needle bar at each end of the machine; the front end of the horizontal bar
works on a pin or axle C, which is secured at the position required in the
slot of a link moving on an axle C6 secured to the front framing of the.
machine, the lower end of the link moves on a pin in an adjustable lever C',
attached to a lever C, carrying a truck moved by a cam on the back cam
shaft D. The back cam shaft D and the front cam shaft D¹ are each pro-.
vided at one end with a bevil wheel, which said wheel gears into similar.
wheels on each-end of a short horizontal shaft at one end of the frame. When
it occurs that the bevil wheels on this shaft are twice the size of the bevil
wheels on the cam shafts, the cam shafts will make two revolutions while one.
revolution is being made by the short shaft.
We wish it to be understood that we do not confine ourselves to the use of
wheels of the above proportions, although sometimes we may use wheels of
such or similar proportions that will insure the short shaft and the two cam
shafts revolving the same, or a different number of revolutions at the same
time, according as we may wish to move the guide bars or the perforated bars
when moved by wheels on the said short shaft.. At the back of the needle
bar and links, and between the bar and the links from the lower spindle bar
are secured brackets E, which support a presser spindle bar E¹, carrying.
arms E, and supporting a presser bar E³ above the needles, so that the
presser spindle bar and presser are moved with the needle bar, the presser
being raised or lowered independently of its horizontal movements by means
of levers E on the presser spindle bar, moved by cams on the back cam
shaft. Below the needle bar is a spindle bar F carrying brackets, which
support a sinker bar F; the spindle bar lies in bearings secured to the end
and intermediate castings of the frame, the spindle bar being moved by
levers F at the back by a cam on the back cam shaft in such manner that
the. sinker. bar, and consequently the sinkers attached to it, will have a.
vertical up-and-down motion. We sometimes also require to communicate a
to-and-fro movement to the sinkers, in which case we attach the sinkers or.
the leads in which the sinkers are cast to a sinker bar moved by cams on the
front or back cam shafts, thereby producing a horizontal and vertical motion.
combined. This arrangement is shewn at Figure 4, Sheet 3. In front of
the needle bar lie one or more guide bars G, supported by brackets attached.
to a spindle bar G¹, which has a rocking motion communicated to it by means
of. levers G³, which are moved by cams on the front cam shaft, thus causing

page_text: the guide bars to be moved to and from the needles horizontally; the
guides have a vertical motion given them by means of the levers J, H, H,
attached to the bars, and moved by cams on the front cam shaft. Behind the
needle bar lie two bars I, I, which slide horizontally on brackets secured to
the standards of the frame; the bars are connected together at the required
distance apart, and are attached at their under side to links K, which are
hinged to levers K' secured on axle pins; the levers are provided with trucks
moved by cams on the back cam shaft. At the back of the two bars is a
third bar L, to the under side of which are fixed levers L' provided with
trucks and working on axle pins, the levers and bars are moved by cams on
the back cam shaft. On the top of the two first-named bars lie bolts M
having projections on the under side thereof, these projections drop between
the two bars I; the third bar L lies at the back or tail end of the bolts, to
each of which is attached a string or other equivalent connecting contrivance
proceeding from a jacquard. The front end of the bolt is pointed verticaliy
for about half its depth from the top side thereof, and then forms a stop at
about right angles to the bottom side thereof. Near the front end of the bolt
is a slot through which a wire is passed; which forms an axle or centre for
the bolt to move upon when the tail is lifted by the jacquard, the tail being
connected to a jacquard by a string, or other equivalent mechanical con-
trivance; the front and back ends of the bolts lie in sleys, the front sley,
through which the wire before mentioned is passed, is secured to a tie bar held
by brackets to the top tie bar B, the back sleys are secured to the top tie
bar B¹.
There. is one bolt lying over every needle in the frame, and when the
jacquard selects a number of the bolts the tail ends will be held at such a
height that the two connected bars above mentioned will not receive the
projection on the under side of the bolts (such projection being raised above
the bars), and therefore will not move the bolts towards the needle heads as
the two bars advance each course, while the bolts not selected having their
under side projection between the bars will be moved, the selected bolts are
moved in by the advance of the bar L every course, just before the two bars I
move in the unselected ones. Above the needles and bolts we place one or more
guide bars or perforated bars, which are supplied with threads, by preference
from spools, in the ordinary way, as shewn, or by having the spools placed
horizontally. These bars have a horizontal traversing motion given them by
wheels or by a jacquard, and sometimes by both these means, or by other
mechanical contrivance. The bolts work in conjunction with the guide bars as.
follows:-The guide bars move the threads a certain distance to the right or

page_text: left, when the selected bolts being brought forward, the stop and inclined end
of the bolts hold the threads until a further traverse to the right or left is made
by the threads, when the remainder of the bolts which were not selected are
moved up towards the needle, heads level with those selected, which fall as
soon as the unselected ones are moved in, and the whole are held until the
before-mentioned sinkers riso up and take hold of the threads, and carry them
towards the heads of the needles as the needles recede and lower, and then
carry them under the needles, and hold them until the needles come forward
again for a fresh course.
During the selection and moving in of the bolts, the front guide bar or bars
lap their threads round the needles, their beards being pressed as the needles
recede, the work being knocked over the heads of the needles by the belly of
the sinkers.
The guide bars above the needle bar, (which are moved by wheels,) and the
guide bars in front of the needles are moved by wheels placed in the short
horizontal shaft which lies at one end of the frame, the guides or perforated
bars (above the needle bar) which are not moved by wheels, but by the
jacquard or other suitable contrivance, are for enabling us to move the threads
with greater facility when laying in thick threads or finings, or making open-
work requiring greater traverse of the threads than can be conveniently given
by wheels.
The above-described combination of parts constitutes the first arrangement
of our Invention; we sometimes use in this arrangement a sinker having no
belly, as shewn at Figure 4, Sheet 3, instead of the sinker above described, by
means of which a combined horizontal and vertical movement is obtained with
the sinker.
Our second arrangement consists as before stated in using our first
arrangement, but without a sinker bar or sinkers, the incline of the front
of the bolt being continued to the lower edge of the bolt, the under
side of which is formed with a groove in which the needle can slide,
so that as the needle recedes the thread will slip under the bolt, the two sides
of the groove knock the work over the heads of the needles, as the needles
again come forward the work will be taken back by a bar N, as seen at
Figure 5, Sheet 4. The spring bolt, shewn in side view Figuro 8, Sheet 5, is
secured to a rocking spindle bar, which takes in the bolts when required, the
selected ones being held out by the strings from the jacquard.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, we declare that we claim,―

page_text: First, the arrangement and combination of parts constituting what we call
our first arrangement, herein-before described.
Second, the arrangement and combination of parts constituting what we call
our second arrangement, herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Ward and John Dewick, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
Patent Office,
Nottingham.
JOHN DEWICK. (L.S.)