Improvements in Wick Sustainers for Night and such like Lights.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Jan., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wick Sustainers for Night and such like Lights.
We, GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER and MORRIS BROAD FOWLER, both of
75 Tressillian Road, Brockley, in the County of Kent, Night Light Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention has for its object improvements in wick sustainers for night and
such like lights.
For this purpose we take a length of wire or of flat metal, which latter may be
independent from, or connected with, a plate to form the base.
When employing a length of wire or of flat metal in the form of independent
strips, they are so coiled or bent as to form a suitable supporting base and a socket
to receive the wick, and in such case we bend the outermost coil or end or ends in
such manner as to cause the end or ends to bear closely against the adjacent coil or
other shaped part, so as to prevent, as far as possible, the entanglement of the
sustainers with each other when in bulk.
When using wire the base may be formed by coils lying in the same plane, and
the socket may be formed by coils rising therefrom in the form of a tube, or the
base and the socket may both lie in the same plane; or the wire may be coiled in
cone form from the base to the wick socket, and the latter may be formed at the
top of the cone or descend therefrom towards the base of the sustainer.
When using an independent strip of flat metal, it can be coiled in any of the modes
above described, or otherwise bent, to form the sustainer, in which case a narrow
strip of uniform width can be employed; but we prefer to employ a piece of metal,
part of which, to form the base, is narrower than that employed to form the socket,
or we may employ a strip of metal of tapered form, that is to say, of gradually
increasing width from one end to the other, in which cases the coils or bends are
all preferably made so that their bases shall be in the same plane, whilst the socket
has its upper part standing somewhat above the base coils or bends.
Instead of employing independent strips of flat metal, such strips may be formed
by making incisions in a small flat metal plate, in which case the greater portion of
the said plate will form the base of the sustainer and the remainder (the strip) will
form the socket; the strip, which remains connected with the base by a short web,
will be turned up at right angles to the base and will be coiled or bent to form the
socket for the wick. In this case the said strip may be formed by means of
incisions in the edge or in the centre of the plate, this latter being preferred in
order to prevent entanglement of the sustainers with each other when in bulk.
In some cases the socket will be made as a tight fit for the wick, whilst in other
cases it will be made somewhat larger and closed upon the wick to grip it.
GEO. CUPIT FOWLER,
MORRIS B. FOWLER,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wick Sustainers for Night and such like Lights.
We, GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER, and MORRIS BROAD FOWLER, both of
75 Tressillian Road, Brockley, in the County of Kent, Night Light Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention has for its object improvements in wick sustainers for night and
such like lights.
We will describe our invention with the aid of the accompanying drawings.
In carrying our invention into effect we take a length of wire which may have a
circular, flattened or other section, or we take a length of flat metal, which latter
may be independent from, or connected with, a plate to form the base.
When employing a length of wire or of flat metal in the form of independent
strips in the manufacture of wick sustainers, as represented at Figs. to 20, they
are so coiled or bent as to form a suitable supporting base a and a socket b to
receive the wick, and in such case we bend the outermost coil or end or ends a¹ in
such manner as to cause the end or ends a¹ to bear closely against the adjacent coil
or other shaped part, so as to prevent, as far as possible, the entanglement of the
sustainers with each other when in bulk.
When using wire the base a may be formed by coils lying in the same plane, and
the socket may be formed by coils rising therefrom in the form of a tube, as
shown at Fig. 1, or the base a and the socket b may both lie in the same plane, as
shown at Figs. 2 and 3, or the wire may be coiled in cone form from the base a to
the wick socket.b and the latter may be formed at the top of the cone, as shown at
Fig. 4, or it may descend therefrom towards the base of the sustainer as shown at
Fig. 5, or the wire may be otherwise coiled or bent to form a rigid wick socket b
and base a for the same.
When using an independent strip of flat metal, it can be coiled in any of the
modes above described or otherwise bent to form the sustainer, in which case a
narrow strip of uniform width can be employed. Examples of sustainers formed of
a strip of metal of uniform width are shown at Figs. 6 to 10, in which Figs. 6, 7
and 8 show the strip coiled similarly to the wire in Figs. 1, 2, 3; the strip might
however be coiled in a similar manner to that of the wire shown at Figs. 4 and 5,
or it might be bent to the form shown at Figs. 9 and 10, or otherwise, to form a
base a and socket with the end or ends a' closely pressed against adjacent part or
parts or otherwise arranged to prevent entanglement of the sustainers when in
bulk. In the examples shown at Figs. 6 to 10 the strip of metal to form the base u
and socket is placed on edge in all its parts; the part forming the base a might
however be bent at right angles to that forming the socket b. We prefer however
to employ a piece of metal as shown at Fig. 11, part a of which, to form the
base a, is narrower than that marked & employed to form the socket h, examples
of which are shown at Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18 and 20, or we may employ a
strip of metal of tapered form as shown at Fig. 17, that is to say, of gradually
increasing width from one end to the other, in which cases the coils or bends are
all preferably made so that the parts forming their bases shall be in the same plane,
whilst that forming the socket has its upper part standing somewhat above the
base coils or bends. The strip shown at Fig. 19 has the wider part 6* intermediate
of parts a*, in which case the sustainer shown at Fig. 20 is formed by bending the
strip in the centre of the part 6, which latter is so bent as to form the socket b,
whilst the parts a are placed side by side and coiled or bent to form the base a.
Instead of employing independent strips of flat metal, such strips may be formed
by making incisions in a small flat metal plate, in which case the greater portion of

page_text: the said plate will form the base of the sustainer and the remainder (the strip or
strips) will form the socket; the strip or strips, which remain connected with the
base by a short web, will be turned up at right angles to the base and will be coiled
or bent to form the socket for the wick. In this case the said strip or strips may
be formed by means of incisions in the edge or in the centre of the plate, this latter
being preferred in order to prevent entanglement of the sustainers with each other
when in bulk. Examples of this method of forming wick sustainers are shown at
Figs. 21 to 40. That shown at Figs. 21 and 22 has the strip to form the socket b
formed by making incisions in the centre of the plate or base a, leaving such strip b
connected with the base a by a short web a². In those shown at Figs. 24. 26 and 28
the said incisions are made in the edge of the base a, the plates for these latter with
the incisions therein and the part still in the same plane with the part a, being
shown respectively at Figs. 23, 25, 27. In the example shown at Figs. 29, 30 two
sets of incisions are made near the centre of the plate or base a so as to form two
parts b, which are combined to form the socket. In the example shown at Figs. 31
and 32 the plate a is so slit at its centre as to form two parts & adjacent to each
other. In those shown at Figs. 33 and 34 and Figs. 35 and 36, three and four sets
of incisions are made towards the centre of the plate a, and at Fig. 37 two sets of
incisions are made in the plate a and a central perforation a³. In all cases where
two or more sets of incisions are made in the plate a, the two or more strips b so
formed, are bent up at right angles to the plate a upon the webs a² and are curved
to produce the socket b. When using three or four sets of incisions, the parts b
may be simply turned up at right angles to the plate a and form angular sockets,
but we prefer to bend them so as to form as nearly as possible completely circular
sockets. In Figs. 21, 26, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35, we have shown the plates a
formed with grooves a' on their under sides, so as to form channels to conduct the
melted material to the base of the socket b, whilst the centre of that shown at
Fig. 37 is perforated as described to give the melted material access to the base of
the socket b, or the plate a may be corrugated for such purpose. If desired the
strip may be so shaped as to form when coiled or bent, a socket with an
opening in the side thereof, as shown at Figs. 38 and 39, or the metal forming
the sustainer may be perforated as shown at Fig. 40 to give the melted material
free access to the wick in the socket b.
In some cases the socket will be made as a close fit for the wick, whilst in other
cases it will be made somewhat larger and closed upon the wick to grip it, but in
all cases the socket is made rigid so as to form a firm support to the wick.
If desired the plate a may be either concave or convex, or it may be dish formed
on its upper or under surface, or it may be provided with points to pass into the
material forming the body of the light.
It will be readily understood that various modifications other than those herein
shown and described may be made in the method of carrying our invention into
effect without departing from the peculiar character thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The improvements in wick sustainers for night and such like lights, substantially
as herein shown and described.