IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING MATTERS SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME.
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Anthony Dixon, of 175, West George Street,
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING MATTERS SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND
PRINTING, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME. A communication
from abroad by Wilhelm Meister, Doctor Eugen Lucius, and Doctor Adolphus
Brüning, all of Höchst-am-Main, in the Empire of Germany, Chemists.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Anthony Dixon at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th February 1880.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON, of 175, West George Street, Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING MATTERS
SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME."
A communication from abroad by Wilhelm Meister, Doctor Eugen Lucius, and
Doctor Adolphus Brüning, all of Höchst-am-Main, in the Empire of Germany,
Chemists.
The said Wilhelm Meister, Doctor Eugen Lucius, and Doctor Adolphus Brüning
have discovered that by using the diazo compounds deriving from amidoazobenzol
and its homologues, instead of the diazo compounds of benzol and its homologues
mentioned in the Specification of the Patent No. 1715, dated 29th April, A.D.
1878, granted to Frank Wirth as a communication from the aforesaid Wilhelm
Meister, Doctor Eugen Lucius, and Doctor Adolphus Brüning (that is to say,
instead of the diazo compounds produced from anilin, toluidine, and xylidine,
and also from the higher homologues obtained by the introduction of ethyl and
methyl into these amids, and besides from napthylamine) along with one or other
of the two isomeric disulphobetanaphtholic acids, or one or other of the salts
thereof, all mentioned in said Specification, or any other equivalent salts thereof, in
the way described in the said Specification, or hereinafter described, colouring
matters suitable for dyeing and printing and which stand washing and light may
be produced, and the object of the Invention and process which I am about to
describe is the preparation of such colouring matters by the action of one or other
of the said disulpho beta naptholic acids, or a salt thereof, on any of the said diazo
compounds deriving from amido azo benzol or its homologues, such as amido azo
toluol, amido azo xylol, and the like, or by the action of either of the said disulpho

page_text: beta naptholic acids on a salt of diazo azo benzol or of any of its homologues, such
as diazo azo toluol, and the like, as for example, the hydrochlorate, sulphate, or
nitrate of diazo azo benzol, diazo azo toluol, and the like.
These diazo compounds are obtained in the following way:
°
For example, 18 lbs. of the well known amido azo benzol, 20 lbs. of muriatic
acid of 20° Beaumé, and 100 lbs. of water are mixed together as intimately as
possible, and while the mixture is being well cooled 7 lbs. of nitrite of sodium
of 100% strength dissolved in 20 lbs. of water are added thereto. When
after the liquor has been allowed to repose for a further period of time the diazo
compound is perfectly formed, the solution of the diazo compound is introduced
into a solution containing 40 lbs. of, say, the disulpho beta naptholic acid salt R
(described in the said Specification No. 1715, A.D. 1878, 29th April), 200 lbs. of
water, and 20 lbs. of aqueous ammonia of 10%, after which operation the colouring
matter precipitates.
This colouring matter is purified by repeatedly dissolving and precipitating with
common salt, and is afterwards dried and brought into the market in the form of a
potassium or a sodium salt.
By combining in a like manner one or other of the two betanapthol-disulpho
salts (the salt R or the salt y described in said Specification No. 1715, A.D. 1878),
with the diazo compounds deriving from the amido azo compounds or derivatives
of the benzol series obtained by the method above described, I am able to produce
a great number of new brown and red colouring matters suitable for dyeing and
printing.
The colouring matters so obtained can by the action of common sulphuric acid
or of fuming sulphuric acid, according to the strength of the acid used, and according
to the temperature during the reaction, be converted into colouring matters more or
less easily soluble in water, which incline in their shades more to a yellowish red
than the original products of the process above described do.
The methods of sulphonating the said original products is well known to
chemists and requires no special directions.
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the exact weights and
proportions given herein, which admit of very considerable variation, and the
method of purification of the original products hereinbefore described may also be
modified and varied in ways which are familiar to chemists.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Anthony Dixon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th
August 1880.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON, of 175, West George Street, Glasgow, in the County
of Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLOURING MATTERS
SUITABLE FOR DYEING AND PRINTING, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE SAME."
A communication from abroad by Wilhelm Meister, Doctor Eugen Lucius, and
Doctor Adolphus Brüning, all of Höchst-am-Main, in the Empire of Germany,
Chemists.
The said Wilhelm Meister, Doctor Eugen Lucius, and Doctor Adolphus Brüning
have discovered that by using the diazo-compounds deriving from amido-azo-
benzol and its homologues, instead of the diazo-compounds of benzol and its
homologues mentioned in the Specification of the Patent No. 1715, dated 29th
April, A.D. 1878, granted to Frank Wirth as for a communication from the
aforesaid Wilhelm Meister, Doctor Eugen Lucius, and Doctor Adolphus Brüning
(that is to say, instead of the diazo-compounds produced from anilin, toluidine, and
xylidine, and also from the higher homologues obtained by the introduction of
ethyl and methyl into these amids, and besides from napthylamine) along with
one or other of the two isomeric disulphobetanaptholic acids, or one or other of
the salts thereof, all mentioned in said Specification, or any other equivalent salts
thereof, in the way described in the said Specification, or hereinafter described,
colouring matters suitable for dyeing and printing and which stand washing and
light may be produced, and the first head of the Invention and process which I
am about to describe is the preparation of such colouring matters by the action of
one or other of the said disulpho beta naptholic acids, or a salt thereof as aforesaid,
on any of the said diazo compounds deriving from amido azo benzol or from its
homologues (as from amido-azo-toluol, amido-azo-xylol, and the like), or by the
action of either of the said disulpho beta naptholic acids or a salt thereof as
aforesaid, on a salt of diazo azo benzol or any of its homologues, such as diazo
azo toluol, and the like, as for example, the hydrochlorate, sulphate, or nitrate of
diazo azo benzol, or of diazo azo toluol, and the like. The said persons have
further discovered that colouring inatters of a different shade or character may be
produced by sulphonating, in manner hereinafter described, the colouring (matters
which are the first or immediate and direct products of the reaction already
mentioned between the said diazo-azo compounds and the said disulpho beta
naptholic acids or their respective salts, and the preparation of the colouring matters
of this second class or series forms the second head or part of this Invention.
The said diazo azo compounds are obtained in the following way:-
For example, 18 lbs. of the well known amido azo benzol, 20 lbs. of muriatic
acid of 20° Beaumé, and 100 lbs. of water are mixed together as intimately as
possible, and when the mixture is well cooled 7 lbs. of nitrite of sodium of 100%
strength dissolved in 20 lbs. of water are added thereto. When after the liquor
has been allowed to repose for a further period of time, the diazo compound (in
this case diazo azo benzol) is perfectly forined, the solution of the diazo compound
is introduced into a solution containing 40 lbs. of, say, the disulpho beta naptholic
acid salt R (described in the said Specification No. 1715, A.D. 1878, 29th April),
200 lbs of water, and 20 lbs. of aqueous ammonia of 10%, whereupon the colouring
matter precipitates.
This colouring matter is purified by repeatedly dissolving and precipitating with
common salt, and is afterwards dried and brought into the market in the form of
a potassium or a sodium salt.
By combining in a like manner one or other of the two betanaptholdisulpho
acids or the salts thereof (the salt R or the salt y described in said Specification

page_text: No. 1715, A.D. 1878, or any equivalent salt thereof) with the different diazo
compounds obtained in the way described, or in any substantially equivalent way,
from the different amido azo compounds or derivatives of the benzol series, I am
able to produce a great number of new brown and red colouring matters suitable
for dyeing and printing.
The colouring matters so obtained can by the action of common English sulphuric
acid or of fuming sulphuric acid, according to the strength of the acid used, and
according to the temperature maintained during the reaction, be converted into
another series of colouring matters more or less easily soluble in water, and which
incline in their shades more to a yellowish red than the original products of the
process above described do.
The method of effecting the sulphonization of the said original products is now
so well known to chemists that it requires no special directions.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may
be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that I wish
it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the exact weights and pro-
portions given herein, which admit of very considerable variation, and the method
of purification of the original products hereinbefore described may also be modified
and varied in ways which are familiar to chemists, nor do I claim as my Invention
the method hereinbefore described or exemplified of producing diazo azo compounds
by the action of nitrite of sodium or nitrous acid on the corresponding amido azo
compounds of the benzol series, that process of reduction being already well known
to chemists, but what I claim as novel and as the Invention secured to me by the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The preparation of colouring matters by the reaction, in manner herein-
before described, of one or other of the said disulpho-beta-naptholic acids or the
said salts thereof, upon the diazo-azo compounds obtained from amido-azo-benzol
and its homologues, or upon the said salts of such diazo-azo compounds, and
Second. The preparation of other colouring matters by sulphonating, in manner
hereinbefore described, the colouring matters which are the immediate or direct
products of the reaction mentioned in the first part of this claim.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Anthony Dixon, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
JOSEPH ANTHONY DIXON. (L.S.)