A Machine or Apparatus for Twisting Strands, Threads, and the like, and Simultaneously Waxing, Oiling, Tarring, Starching, or otherwise Dressing or Treating, Dyeing or Colouring same, and thereafter Winding same, applicable also to Twisting Purposes Alone.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 3'st Dec., 1890-Accepted. 7th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Machine or Apparatus for Twisting Strands, Threads, and the
like, and Simultaneously Waxing, Oiling, Tarring, Starching, or
otherwise Dressing or Treating, Dyeing or Colouring same, and
thereafter Winding same, applicable also to Twisting Purposes
Alone.
We, JOHN WILLIAM DEANS, of Alma Terrace, Selby, Engineer, and ARTHUR
Moss FOSTER, of Park House, Selby, Manufacturer, both in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :---
This invention relates to a machine or apparatus for twisting together any
number of single strands or threads and the like and simultaneously treating the
single strands or threads during the operation of twisting them together with wax
oil grease tar starch etertera or with dye or colouring matter or the like or analogous
dressings or treatments such materials being either applied cold or in a warm or
heated state according to requirements.
Hitherto for instance in waxing threads for boot making purposes it has been
customary to first twist the required number of single strands together and then the
twisted up thread has been passed through heated wax to coat or dress same after
twisting and thereafter wound on to spools for use the wax thus only coating the
outside of such thread the interior of which receives little or no benefit (such as the
strengthening, water-proofing, etcetera) from the waxing whereas by our present
invention the individual threads or strands being thoroughly waxed while being all
twisted together such twisted thread is thoroughly permeated with wax.
72
Our machine or apparatus which we will now describe as arranged for twisting
and "waxing" threads in one and the same operation is constructed as follows:-
In a suitable framework or standard one or more wax pots or vessels (or it
may be a trough with any suitable number of spindles therein) for holding the wax
are arranged but for facility of description we will only describe a single pot and
the several parts or apparatus acting in conjunction therewith it being understood
that any number of same (or a trough as above) may be mounted on one machine
as may be convenient or desired.
The wax pot or vessel (or trough) which may be of any suitable size and shape
has one or more suitable lamps or burners arranged just underneath same so that
the pot is kept warm or heated as desired or same may be heated by other suitable
means such as steam.
"
The said wax pot has a vertical spindle passing through the bottom thereof (a
suitable stuffing box or the like contrivance being provided so as to prevent the
wax or other material-from escaping therethrough) and the spindle is actuated
by any suitable means such as a band and pulley so as to quickly revolve same.
" carrier or
To the upper end of this spindle inside the wax pot is attached a
contrivance (which we term a "flyer") arranged as follows:-
The lower part consists of a hollow tube which fits over the aforesaid spindle and
is screwed or otherwise suitably secured thereto so as to be revolved thereby and
therewith.
A cross bar or horizontal piece to be hereafter described is formed or mounted
on top of the hollow tube and above this is fixed a vertical pin or axis to receive
and carry a loose bobbin upon which latter the desired number of strands or threads
to be waxed and twisted together are ready wound a weight or other suitable
tension device being also mounted on this pin to give the required tension to these
strands or threads as they are wound fas desired.

page_text: The horizontal or cross bar carries at one end one or more eyes or guiding
devices for the threads coming from the bobbin and at the other end carries a
contrivance (such as rubber pads or rollers) capable of adjustment for squeezing off
the superfions wax so as to regulate the amount of wax to be left on the twisted up
strands or finished thread as desired.
The operation is as follows:-
The several threads or strands from the bobbin pass through an eye or guiding
device carried above one end of the cross bar and thence through a second eye or
guiding device on the cross bar pass downwards into the wax- which is thus beaten
into them and under a projection or through an eye or other guiding device carried
near the bottom of the hollow lower part and thence the strands rise up out of the
wax and passing over or around one or more rollers or other guiding device on the
cross bar pass thence through or between the aforesaid rollers or device for squeezing
off the superfluous wax and thence pass upwards to a revolving "draw off" drum
round the periphery of which the thread (formed by the several strands-now
twisted up into one thread and thoroughly waxed) is passed several times so as to
give it the requisite tension and thence it finally passes direct to a spool upon which
it is wound (regulated by any suitable "traverse" motion) ready for use for sewing
boots and shoes.
6:
<
The foregoing described revolving carrier " or Hyer" may be carried by a
cross bar and secured to side of pot or trough and actuated by a wheel or pulley or
band (instead of by the said spindle which thus dispensed with as also the stuffing
box for same in the bottom of pot) the strands being carried round through the
wax in similar manner.
In place of having only one bobbin on which are wound the several strands or
threads to be waxed or otherwise treated and twisted up as before described two or
more loose bobbins may be mounted on the aforesaid cross bar each such bobbin
carrying only a single strand (or more if desired) all the strands from the several
obbins being led through the same eye or guiding device on the cross bar as
previously described with reference to the single bobbin arrangement.
Suitable driving wheels (or mechanism) are provided actuated by an endless
hand working on a fast and loose pulley or by any other suitable motive power for
driving the whole machine or apparatus.
The drum (for giving the required tension and which also acts to draw off the
thread through the wax pot) is actuated by suitable worm and wheel gear the
toothed wheel being on the axle or spindle carrying the drum the speed of which
latter can be regulated by changing the said toothed wheel for others to give
greater or less speed to the drum as required or by other suitable or equivalent
device.
An endless band taken off the said drum serves as a convenient means for
actuating the winding spool.
For other purposes than "waxing" the same or similar apparatus is used the
material whatever it may be with which the strands or threads are to be "dressed "
or treated being substituted in place of wax in the pot or trough.
If desired the machine or apparatus may be adapted and used for twisting
purposes alone without any treatment or dressing of the strands or threads while
being twisted up.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Machine or Apparatus for Twisting Strands, Threads, and the
like, and Simultaneously Waxing, Oiling, Tarring, Starching, or
otherwise Dressing or Treating, Dyeing or Colouring same, and
thereafter Winding same, applicable also to Twisting Purposes
Alone.
We, JOHN WILLIAM DEANS, of Alma Terrace, Selby, Engineer, and ARTHUR
Moss FOSTER, of Park House, Selby, Manufacturer, both in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to a machine or apparatus for twisting together any number
of single strands or threads and the like and simultaneously treating the single
strands or threads during the operation of twisting them together with wax oil
grease tar starch etcetera or with dye or colouring matter or the like or analogous
dressing or treatments such materials being either applied cold or in a warm or
heated state according to requirements.
Hitherto for instance in waxing threads for boot making purposes it has been
customary to first twist the required number of single strands together and then the
twisted up thread has been passed through heated wax to coat or dress same after
twisting and thereafter wound on to spools for use the wax thus only coating the
outside of such threads the interior of which receives little or no benefit (such as
the strengthening waterproofing etcetera) from the waxing whereas by our present
invention the individual threads or strands being thoroughly waxed while being all
twisted together such twisted thread is thoroughly permeated with wax.
:―
Our machine or apparatus which we will now describe as arranged for twisting
and "waxing" threads in one and the same operation is constructed as follows:-
In a suitable framework or standard one or more "wax pots" or vessels (or it
may be a trough with any suitable number of spindles therein) for holding the wax
are arranged but for facility of description we will only describe a single pot and
the several parts or apparatus acting in conjunction therewith it being understood
that any number of same (or a trough as above) may be mounted on one machine
as may be convenient or desired.
The wax pot or vessel (or trough) which may be of any suitable size and shape
has one or more suitable lamps or burners arranged just underneath same so that
the pot is kept warm or heated as desired or same may be heated by other
suitable means such as steam.
The said wax pot has a vertical spindle passing through the bottom thereof (a
suitable stuffing box or the like contrivance being provided so as to prevent the
wax or other material-from escaping) and this spindle is actuated by any suitable
means such as a band and pulley so as to quickly revolve same.
To the upper end of this spindle inside the wax pot is attached a "carrier " or
contrivance (which we term a "flyer") arranged as follows:-
The lower part consists of a hollow tube which fits over the aforesaid spindle and
is screwed or otherwise suitably secured thereto so as to be revolved thereby and
therewith.
A cross bar or horizontal piece to be hereafter described is formed or mounted on
top of the hollow tube and above this is fixed a vertical pin or axis to receive and
carry a loose bobbin upon which latter the desired number of strands or threads to
be waxed and twisted together are ready wound a weight or other suitable
tension device being also mounted on this pin to give the required tension to these
strands or threads as they are wound off-as desired.
The horizontal or cross bar carries at one end one or more eyes or guiding devices
for the threads coming from the bobbin and at the other end carries a contrivance
(such as rubber pads or rollers) capable of adjustment for squeezing off the

page_text: superfluous wax so as to regulate the amount of wax to be left on the twisted up
strands or finished thread as desired.
Suitable driving wheels (or mechanism) are provided actuated by an endless band
working on a fast and loose pulley or by any other suitable motive power for driving
the whole machine or apparatus.
The drum (for giving the required tension and which also acts to draw off the
thread through the wax pot) is actuated by suitable worm and wheel gear the
toothed wheel being on the axle or spindle carrying the drum the speed of which
latter can be regulated by changing the said toothed wheel for others to give greater
or less speed to the drum as required or by other suitable or equivalent device.
An endless band taken off the said drum serves as a convenient means for actuating
the winding spool.
And in order that our present invention may be easily understood and readily
carried into practice we will proceed to describe same with reference to the drawings
hereunto annexed.
เส
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front view in elevation of the machine or apparatus having one
wax pot" only.
Figure 2 is a back view of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an enlarged side view of Figure 1-omitting part of the winding
gear.
Figure 4 is a vertical sectional detail view on a large scale of the "wax pot" and
showing the tension drum over same.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.
a is the standard or framework in which is mounted the wax pot 6-in the case
illustrated this wax pot is shown in the form of a conical metal vessel or pot fixed
on a cross bar in the framework u.
Below this pot a ring of gas jets c are arranged-supplied from the gas supply
pipe c'.
It will be obvious that we do not limit ourselves to this or any particular form of
heating the pot bas may be required.
The spindle e is rotated by a band d' on the band wheel or pulley d and at its
lower end rests and rotates in the "step" or bearing e' while its upper part is
passed through the bottom of the pot b (by means of a stuffing box such as b¹)
and carries and rotates the tube and the cross bar g and also the vertical
spindle h.
The vertical spindle carries thereon the loose bobbin i to which latter the
required amount of tension is given by means of the adjustable device ; and
springs and j².
The cross bar g carries the eye g¹ at one end thereof and the squeezing device at
the other such squeezing device consisting of two pads k as shown the pressure of
which upon the waxed thread is adjusted as required by the wing nut k' screwed
into the frame ³.
From the main driving axle m (which is driven by any suitable motive power or
means in the case illustrated the power being obtained from the main driving
belt m¹ rotating the pulley m² on the main shaft m) the pulley d drives the before
mentioned belt d' and the toothed wheel n on the end of the said axle m gears into
the toothed wheel o' on the axle o which latter by means of a worm o* and the
toothed wheel p (the latter being changeable so as to vary the speed as required)
revolves the axle y' carrying-the tension-drum-y a band or belt-r being also driven
from this drum to rotate the spool upon which the finished thread is wound and also
to actuate the "traverse" motion for winding. As we do not claim either the
winding on the spool or the "traverse" motion separately as any part of our present
invention and as same are well known it is therefore not necessary to further describe
same here and we do not limit ourselves in any way to the particular mechanism
illustrated.

page_text: To heat the tension drum q a branch pipe c³ may be taken off from the gas supply
pipe cas shown in Figures 1 and 3.
z is the wax in the wax pot b.
Ribs or raised surfaces y may be provided on the tension drum 9 to allow the wax
to cool on the thread gradually and to prevent or reduce the deposit of wax on the
drum g.
The operation is as follows:
The several threads or strands from the bobbin pass through the eye or guiding
device g¹ carried above one end of the cross bar y and thence through a second eye
or guiding device on the cross bar pass downwards into the wax- -which is thus
beaten into them-and under a projection or through an eye f¹ or other guiding
device carried near the bottom and thence the strands rise up out of the wax and
passing over or around one or more rollers 92 or other guiding device on the cross
bar pass thence through or between the aforesaid rollers or device k k¹ k³ for
squeezing off the superfluous wax and thence pass upwards to the revolving "draw
off" drum round the periphery of which the thread (formed by the several
strands now twisted up into one thread and thoroughly waxed) is passed several
times so as to give it the requisite tension and thence it finally passes to a spool
upon which it is wound (regulated by any suitable "traverse" motion) ready for
use for sewing boots and shoes.
The thread after waxing and during the process of winding may be either wound
on to spools (or bobbins), or wound as string is balled and then used from the inside
thereof.
The foregoing described revolving "carrier" or "flyer" may be carried by a
cross bar and secured to side of pot or trough and actuated by a wheel or pulley or
band (instead of by the said spindle e which is thus dispensed with as also the
stuffing box for same in the bottom of pot) the strands being carried round through
the wax in similar manner.
In place of only having one bobbin i on which are wound the several strands or
threads to be waxed or otherwise treated and twisted up as before described two or
more loose bobbins may be mounted on the aforesaid cross bar g each such bobbin
carrying only a single strand (or more if desired) all the strands from the several
bobbins being led through the same eye or guiding device g' on the cross bar g as
previously described with reference to the single bobbin arrangement.
"
For other purposes than "waxing "the same or similar apparatus is used the
material whatever it may be with which the strands or threads are to be "dressed
or treated being substituted in place of wax in the pot or trough b.
It will be obvious that any suitable material as desired may be used for dressing
or treating threads while twisting them up while at the same time our machine or
apparatus is capable of modification according to requirements without departing
from the nature of our invention.-For instance as a modification of which our
invention is capable the "flyer" or "carrier" may be fixed on to the pot b and the
pot 6 itself caused to rapidly rotate-a suitable cover being provided to prevent
the wax or other material in the pot from flying out.
If desired the machine or apparatus may be adapted and used for twisting
purposes alone without any treatment or dressing of the strands or threads while
being twisted up.
We wish to remark that we are fully aware that Letters Patent have already
been granted in Great Britain for an invention proposing to make sewing threads
from lubricated or coated yarns.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
1. A machine or apparatus for twisting strands threads or the like and simul-
taneously waxing oiling tarring or otherwise dressing or treating dyeing or colouring

page_text: same and thereafter winding same substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein before described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. In a machine or apparatus for the hereinbefore described purposes or the like
we claim a "carrier" or "flyer" having one or more loose bolibins carrying thereon
the strands or threads to be twisted and treated arranged and mounted in or on or
over and acting in conjunction and in combination with a trough pot or vessel to
contain the wax or other material for dressing or treating the thread while
twisting up same substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore set
forth.
7
3. In a machine or apparatus for the hereinbefore described purposes or the like
we claim a pot vessel or trough such as 6 in combination with a spindle such as e
passing through the bottom of such vessel substantially in the manner and for
the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
4. We claim a cross bar such as y having a tube or vertical spindle such as f
below same and a vertical spindle such as above same in combination and acting
in conjunction with a pot or vessel such as substantially in the manner and for
the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
5. We claim the combination of the tube cross bar g and spindle with a
pot such as band a tension drum such as q arranged and acting substantially in the
manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings
hereunto annexed.
y a vertical
6. The combination with a pot or vessel such as 6 of the cross bar
spindle such as below same a vertical spindle 'above such cross bar g an eye or
guiding device such as g' at one end of said cross bar and an adjusting device such
as for squeezing off the superfluous wax or other material substantially as
and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto
annexed.
Dated this 21st dor of December 1800
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,!
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentees.