Improvements in Apparatus for Cooling, Heating, and Drying Liquid and other Substances.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 14th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 30th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Cooling, Heating, and Drying Liquid
and other Substances.
We, THOMAS ALLEN SHAW, of 113 Bain Street, West Bowling, Bradford and
ISAAC RISHION of Fair Ra Mingham, Bradford, Gentlemen, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, the construction of an apparatus, that shall
combine the operations of either cooling, heating, or drying liquid and solid
substances. For this purpose we form a receiver having an inlet preferably at the
top, beneath which in the interior are placed in consecutive order, a distributing
plate, a filter, and any number of perforated plates, between which, inlet pipes
inject air or steam on opposite sides. From this chamber, the substance operated
upon, is delivered by pipes, to reducing chambers, preferably two in number, each
containing the required number of perforated plates, between which the substance
is again treated in a similar manner by air or steam injectors after which it is let
out into suitable tanks or receivers by outlets preferably at the bottom of the
reducing chambers. Between the reducing chambers, or in any convenient position,
a series of pipes or coils are arranged in a separate chamber, in which the air can
be either cooled or heated as required, before being injected into the receiving and
reducing chambers. Both the receiving and the reducing chambers are fitted with
doors, on one or more sides for convenience of inspecting the contents, and also for
placing therein substances other than liquids, as fibrous materials, chemical products,
or plastic substances in tins, these may be either placed on the perforated plates in
the chambers, or these plates may be replaced by bars to allow of the full action of
the hot or cold air on all sides.
The whole apparatus may be enclosed in a frame or casing of either wood or
metal.
For heating and drying purposes, either steam or air heated by steam or other
means may be circulated through the apparatus, and for cooling, air previously
cooled by cold water or other means, in the chamber containing the pipes or coils.
Dated this 14th day of March 1891.
GRAHAM & GRAHAM,
Agents for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Cooling, Heating, and Drying Liquid
and other Substances.
We, THOMAS ALLEN SHAW, of 113, Baird Street, West Bowling, Bradford, and
ISAAC RUSHTON, of 29, Fairbank Road, Manningham, Bradford. Gentlemen, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention und in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object, the construction of an apparatus capable of
effecting the operations of either cooling, heating or drying liquid and solid
substances.
The apparatus constructed according to our invention may advantageously be
employed generally where any or all of the above enumerated operations may be
necessary or desirable; among other uses to which it is adapted we may mention
the cooling of overflow water from condensing engines, cooling brewery liquors,
heating and drying fibrous materials and chemicals.

page_text: In order that the invention may be understood with greater facility we will
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. is a sectional elevation of one form of the apparatus; Fig. 2 a side view
of same, partly in section, shewing also a modification, and Fig. 3 is a plan. Fig. 4
is a plan of a detail.
In the first instance we will suppose the apparatus is to be employed for cooling
liquids. The liquid to be cooled is passed into a receiver A by way of the
entry-pipe a, where, meeting the distributing plate B, it becomes distributed onto a
a series of
filter percolating through the filtering medium it encounters
perforated plates D. and dropping through the perforations therein, it is con-
ducted, by means of one or more pipes E, E, from the bottom of the receiver A
to one or more reducing chambers F, F. These reducing chambers are also
provided with a series of perforated plates G, G', similar to the plates D in
the receiver A. Air is injected or forced between each of the plates D
and G, G, on two opposite sides of the receiver A, and on one side of each of
the reducing chambers F, F. The air is introduced to the receiver A through
the air-inlet of the pipe II to the pipes H, I, by way of the air distributing
chambers K, K', and to the reducing chambers F, F, through a downward
extension of the pipes I, II, by way of the distributing chambers M, M. The
cooled liquid after leaving the reducing chambers F, F, is conducted by the
L, L',
pipe N, provided with exit n, to tanks, cisterns, or other receivers.
and P, P, are the air outlets.
The receiver A and the reducing chambers F, F¹, have doors marked
respectively a*,,, (Fig. 3.) for inspection of their interiors. The construction
of the distributing plate B, seen best in Fig. 4, is such as to subdivide the
liquid to be cooled through which it passes at the orifices h, by way of the
gutters *.
The filter contains the filtering medium, which may consist of
any well known substances, such as coke, or charcoal, wood shavings, sponge, and
porous cloth, the whole being contained in a wire gauze or netting case of small
mesh. The constituents of the filter may be renewed when necessary. The
filter is employed to purge the liquid of greasy and sedimentary substances.
The perforated plates D, and G, G', are for the purpose of attenuating and
subdividing the liquid as well as retarding its downward progress through the
receiver A and reducing chambers F, F, thus prolonging and increasing the action
of the air on the liquid operated on. These perforated plates may be made of
iron or copper, or iron wholly or partly enamelled over, to prevent corrosion, or
of earthenware, and preferably of the shape shown at D in Fig. 1, the perforations
being similar in each plate, or they may be varied, for instance the perforations
in the upper plates may be larger than those in the lower. The perforations are
such as to suit the work for which the apparatus is required to be employed,
and in some cases we may form the plates D, and G, G, of a series of bars or
gratings, where found more suitable. The air distributing chambers are con-
structed either of a number of small chambers having separate air inlets from
the main air pipes, as shown at K, K³, and M, or of one large chamber, as shown
at M. The air passes into the receiver A and reducing chambers F, F, from
these air distributing chambers through grated openings k, k', m, m', in the sides
of the receiver and reducing chambers respectively. m is a dead plate to
receive the full impact of the air from the pipe H2, and disperse same before
entering the grated openings m². To create an upward current of air we
introduce a perforated pipe R, connected to the air pipes H1, H3, in the receiver A;
a similar perforated pipe may also be introduced into the reducing chambers F, F',
for the same purpose.
This upward current has also a tendency to keep the
perforations in the plates D clear. At the bottom of the receiver A a dividing
plate S divides the liquid being acted on, so 45 to disperse it in two equal
volumes to the two reducing chambers F, F When there is only one reducing
chamber the dividing plate S may be dispensed with. Instead of the perforated
plates D, and CG, G, we may employ a series of sheets of some porous fabric,

page_text: as canvas for instance, arranged in vertical rows supported on cross-pieces, as
seen at T, Fig. 2, using at top one of the before described distributing plates B.
and adjusting a grating V between the distributing plate B and the porous
sheets T, so as to cause the liquid being operated on to trickle down the said
sheets T. This method may be employed in either the receiver A or reducing
chambers F, F, dispensing with the beforementioned perforated plates. A fan
or blower is connected to the air supply pipe H at any suitable distance from
the apparatus, to force air through the pipes H, H', H. In order to reduce the
temperature of the air in summer it may be caused to pass through a series of
pipes submerged in cold water, before entering the receiver and reducing
chambers. A suitable framework of wood or other material, not shown on the
drawings, may support and enclose or partly enclose the whole apparatus.
For heating liquids or solid substances the construction of the apparatus is
substantially the same as in that described and shown for cooling, but in place of
air in its natural state or artificially cooled we employ steam or hot air as the acting
agents.
For drying purposes the apparatus is also the same in principle, although we find
it unnecessary to employ more than one chamber, and for this purpose we may limit
ourselves to the receiver A, dispensing with the reducing chambers F, F. For
cold drying-the substance or material is placed on the perforated plates, gratings,
or bars and cold air is forced into the receiver, as before. For drying by hot air-
we first pass the air through a series of pipes submerged in a cistern or boiler con-
taining water heated by a furnace, or we may cause the air to be heated by passing
it through pipes arranged in or in proximity to the flues of a steam-boiler furnace.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
The arrangement and construction of the apparatus for cooling, heating and
drying liquid and other substances substantially as described and shown on the
drawings.
ALL LOL L
D-1001
CROSSLEY & Co.,
72, New Market Street, Bradford, Yorks., Agents.