IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR STOPPING THE BODIES AND WHEELS OP RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND WHICH MACHINERY, IS AN IMPROVEMENT ON THE MACHINERY ALREADY PATENTED BY LETTERS PATENT GRANTED TO THOMAS CLOAKE, DATED THE 1ST MARCH 1859
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Fleet, of East Lane, Walworth, in the
County of Surrey, Soda Water Manufacturer, Joseph Rawlings, of East
Lane, aforesaid, Engineer to the said Benjamin Fleet, and Thomas
Cloake, of No. 6, Saville Row, Walworth, in the said County of Surrey,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR STOPPING
THE BODIES AND WHEELS OP RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND WHICH
MACHINERY, IS AN IMPROVEMENT ON THE MACHINERY ALREADY PATENTED BY
LETTERS PATENT GRANTED TO THOMAS CLOAKE, DATED THE 1ST MARCH 1859."
Sealed the 19th June 1860, and dated the 22nd December 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Fleet, Joseph
Rawlings, and Thomas Cloako at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd December 1859.
We, BENJAMIN FLEET, of East Lane, Walworth, in the County of Surrey,
Soda Water Manufacturer, JOSEPH RAWLINGS, of East Lane, aforesaid, Engi-
neer to the said Benjamin Fleet, and THOMAS CLOAKE, of No. 6, Saville Row,
Walworth, in the said County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR STOPPING THE BODIES
AND WHEELS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES, AND WHICH MACHINERY IS AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MACHINERY ALREADY PATENTED BY LETTERS PATENT GRANTED
TO THOMAS CLOAKE, DATED THE 1ST MARCH 1859," to be as follows:-
The improvements are alterations and additions, or different methods of
carrying out the machinery patented by Thomas Cloake by Letters Patent

page_text: bearing date the First day of March 1859, that is to say, the addition of a
horizontal screw to be applied to the lever acting on the rigid rod which
applies the break surfaces to the wheels, and which may be used instead of the
vertical screw in the said before-mentioned Patent described; and by the
addition of a spiral spring in the column enclosing the vertical screw before
mentioned, and in the said before-mentioned Patent described; and also by
the addition of slots in the rigid rod acting on the breaks, and by other
contrivances acting with the said additions and improvements, and which
improvements and additions will be fully shewn and explained in the full
Specification and Drawings necessary according to the Act of Parliament.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Fleet, Joseph Rawlings, and Thomas Cloake in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd Junė 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BEN-
JAMIN FLEET, of East Lane, Walworth, in the County of Surrey, Soda Water
Manufacturer, JOSEPH RAWLINGS, of East Lane, aforesaid, Engineer to the said
Benjamin Fleet, and THOMAS CLOAKE, of No. 6, Saville Row, Walworth,
in the said County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Benjamin Fleet, Joseph Rawlings, & Thomas
Cloake, Her special licence that we, the said Benjamin Fleet, Joseph Raw-
lings, and Thomas Cloake, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Benjamin Fleet, Joseph Rawlings, & Thomas
Cloake, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR STOPPING THE BODIES AND WHEELS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CAR-
RIAGES, AND WHICH MACHINERY IS AN IMPROVEMENT ON THE MACHINERY ALREADY
PATENTED BY LETTERS PATENT GRANTED TO THOMAS CLOAKE, DATED 1ST MARCH
1859," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Benjamin Fleet,
Joseph Rawlings, and Thomas Cloake, our executors or administrators, by an

page_text: instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Benjamin Fleet, Joseph Rawlings,
& Thomas Cloake, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
Our Invention, which relates to improvements in machinery for retarding
and stopping the motion of railway and other carriages, is applicable principally
to railway carriages, as the same action communicated to the break surfaces,
which take effect on the wheels of one carriage may be likewise transmitted.
to the wheels of the next carriage, and so on throughout the whole carriages
of a train. The apparatus or machinery which we employ, according to our
Invention, consists of a main shaft which is fitted to each carriage, which shafts
are coupled together in such manner that a partial revolution imparted to
one shaft is transmitted to the next, and so on throughout the train; the partial
revolution given to the moving shaft actuates an arm fixed thereon, such arm
being connected with an arm on a transverse shaft mounted midway between
the wheels, on which at each side of the carriage is a fixed double-armed lever
or beam, the one arm of which is connected with the break surface of the wheel
in advance, and the other with the break surface of the wheel behind, the
connection of the one arm is at the upper part, and of the other at the lower,
the fulcrum being intermediate of those positions. The break surfaces we
mount on pivots, the one at the upper part, and the other at the lower, while
the lever connections are at the opposite and free ends of the break surfaces.
The main shaft of the different carriages are connected by triple-jointed pieces,
on the principle of the universal joint, which permit of up-and-down and side
movement, and in fact in any direction, while at the same time they commu-
nicate torsion with little or no loss of motion or back lash. Each rod is
furnished with parts which permit of their elongation or contraction as re-
quired, while at the same time transmitting torsion also with little or no waste
of motion. Tho first motion is given to the shaft fitted to the brake van by
the guard or other attendant of the train by means of a screw acting on a nut
carried by a lever fixed on the break van shaft, which shaft acts on the breaks
of its own carriage, and being also connected with the shafts of the other car-

page_text: riages as described, actuates the whole breaks of the train. The carriages are
to be further coupled by ordinary couplings.
t
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a plan, and Fig. 2 an elevation, of the framing or under
carriage of a railway van fitted with break apparatus according to our Inven-
tion. A is the principal shaft fitted in suitable bearings to sustain it in
position; on this is fixed the lever B carrying the nut, traversing the screw C.
This screw is furnished with a hand wheel D, by which it may be rotated in
its bearings, in which it is prevented rising or falling, the nut being at same
time held by the lever B and prevented rotating, is traversed up and 'down by
the rotation of the screw C, and as a consequence transmits motion in a
circular direction to shaft A. E is the arm by which motion is transmitted to
the breaks; it is connected by link F with arm G keyed on the transverse
shaft H: The connections of this link are such as to leave every freedom for
oscillation in transverse directions, but with rigid thrusting or pulling action.
The shaft His supported in bearings a, a, and has keyed on it the double-
armed levers I, I, connected by rods b; 'b, with the breaks K, K, as seen. The
break on the left is sustained on a pivot at d from fixéd bracket e, while the
brake on the right is pivoted at the lower part f on-bracket g', also fixed to
the framing. It will be readily seen that any motion of rotation given to the
shaft A is transmitted to the breaks in the one direction to force them against
the wheels of the carriage, and 'in the other direction to withdraw them.
Lis shown one method of forming the sliding connection of the shafts to
permit elongation and contraction. It is simply a socket formed or fixed on
the one part A, receiving the other part A sliding therein, and having through
slots which receive a cotter g fixed in the part A' sliding in the slots by which
the extent of motion is limited. This may or may not have a spring to distend
the parts placed between cotters g, h.
At
Fig. 3 represents another method of connecting the parts A, A', of the shaft,
to permit the elongation and contraction required. On part A we fix a disc
or cross bar 1, and on part A' we fix a like disc or cross bar 2, while on
part A we further place a disc or cross bar 3, free the slide on A, but pre-
vented turning by a feather and groove. It has a considerable thickness of
boss to afford the requisite steadiness, as also have the other parts 1 & 2.
Rods i, k, are fixed in parts 2 & 8, but are free to slide in part 1, on which
rods springs are placed, whose tendency is to elongate the shaft. This appa-
ratus, while it transmits rigidly any rotary motion from part A to part A', or
vice versa, is at same time free to elongate or contract as may be required.

page_text: The connection between the shafts of the different carriages consists of a triple
joint M, formed of two pieces 4, 5, besides the parts of the shafts with which
they are connected. A double knuckle of the joint is formed on each shaft
having the axes in a vertical direction, the pins x, x, of which may be readily
introduced or withdrawn in order to connect or disconnect the carriages.
These joints allow of the side play necessary, while the joint y of the parts 4, 5,
permit of play in a vertical direction. In this manner, also, the combination
of the play in the one direction, and with that in the other direction, permits
any play that may be necessary in a transverse plane in any direction.
Fig. 4 represents a modification of the connecting link F between the arm
on shaft A and arm on the transverse shaft (H).
In conclusion, it will be readily understood that the breaksman in charge of
the hand wheel D can at any moment apply the breaks of his own carriage, as
also those of other carriages of the train connected in the manner described,
and can therefore retard and stop the wheels and carriages at pleasure. To
the screw C we affix a ratchet wheel m, and apply thereto a lever pall p, which
takes into the teeth of the ratchet, and is held by a spring in order to fix
the screw in position. When it is desired to turn screw C, the guard first
removes the pall p by pressing the hand lever r on one side.
Having described the nature of our Invention and the manner of performing
the same, we declare that what we claim as our Invention to be protected by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the arrangement and com-
bination of parts constituting break apparatus represented in the Drawings
acting as herein-before described, either in its application to one carriage, or
to a combination of carriages, in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Benjamin Fleet, Joseph Rawlings,
and Thomas Cloake, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty
BENJN FLEET.
(L.S.)
JOSEPH RAWLING. (L.S.)
THOS. CLOAKE.
(L.S.)
BENJN FLEET.
(L.S.)
JOSEPH RAWLING. (L.s.)
THOS. CLOAKE.
(L.S.)