Iм- PROVEMENTS IN PRESSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Moore, of Prospect Place South, Stockton on Tees,
in the County of York, and James Swalwell, of the HP Horse Nail Factory,
Acre Street, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN PRESSES."
Sealed the 12th August 1879, and dated the 31st May 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Moore and James
Swalwell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May
1879.
THOMAS MOORE, of Prospect Place South, Stockton on Tees, in the County of
York, and JAMES SWALWELL, of the IP Horse Nail Factory, Acre Street, Battersea,
in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in presses.
We connect the follower of the press with the press head by two pair of jointed
or toggle links, and as in other toggle presses the pressure is applied by bringing
the two links of each pair into a line, the one with the other. To the joints of the
toggle links we connect in cach case a third link, and these links are at their other
ends jointed to a central slide capable of working up and down vertically in guides
in the press head.
This slide may receive motion from a screw or screws, or from a crank, or in
other convenient manner.
According to another arrangement we substitute for the central slide a strong
plate or frame, which is suspended from the press head by four screws at the
corners, which screws are geared together by worm wheels and worms so that they
can be rotated simultaneously to raise or lower the plate or frame. This arrange-
ment of toggle links is similar to that already described, except that the two pair
of toggles are placed somewhat closer together and nearer the centre line of the
press, and the third links which transmit the motion pass from the outer sides of
the toggle joints to the ends of the frame or plate beneath the press head.
In both arrangements it will be seen that the third or actuating links, as the
toggle links approach the vertical, become more and more inclined, from which, as
well as from the action of the toggle links, it results that the movement given to
the follower at the time when the heaviest pressure is to be applied is very slow,
but the movement of the follower in approaching and leaving its work is rapid.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Moore and James Swalwell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th November 1879.
THOMAS MOORE, of Prospect Place South, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of
York, and JAMES SWALWELL, of the EP Horse Nail Factory, Acre Street, Battersea,
in the County of Surrey. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSES."
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in presses.
We connect the follower of the press with the press head by two pair of jointed
or toggle links, and, as in other toggle presses, the pressure is applied by bringing
the two links of each pair into a line the one with the other. To the joints of the
toggle links we connect in each case a third link, and these links are at their other
ends jointed to a central slide capable of working up and down vertically in guides
in the press head.
This slide may receive motion from a screw or screws, or from a crank, or in
other convenient manner.
According to another arrangement we substitute for the central slide a strong
plate or frame, which is suspended from the press head by four screws at the
corners, which screws are geared together by worin wheels and worms so that they
can be rotated simultaneously to raise or lower the plate or frame. The arrange-
ment of toggle links is similar to that already described, except that the two pair
of toggles are placed somewhat closer together and nearer the centre line of the
press, and the third links which transmit the motion pass from the outer sides of
the toggle joints to the ends of the frame or plate beneath the press head.
In both arrangements it will be seen that the third or actuating links, as the
toggle links approach the vertical, become more and more inclined, from which, as
well as from the action of the toggle links, it results that the movement given to
the follower at the time when the heaviest pressure is to be applied is very slow,
but the movement of the follower in approaching and leaving its work is rapid.
In order that our said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a toggle press constructed in accordance with our
Invention, Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same, Figure 3 is a sectional plan
showing more especially the arrangement of the gear, and Figure 4 is an horizontal
section taken on the line 1, 1, in Figure 1. a is the bed and b is the head of the
press; they are connected by the four pillars c, c, c, c. d is the follower of the
press, capable of sliding up and down between the pillars c. It has jointed to it
the lower links e, e, of the toggles. These links are at their inner ends jointed to
the links e', e', forming the upper elements of the toggle arrangement, and these, at
their upper and outer ends are jointed to the press head. These joints are by
preference so made that the pressure is not sustained entirely by the joint pin but
comes also upon the knuckle or exterior of the joint. f, f, are other links, cach
connected at one end with the middle joint of one pair of toggles and at the other
end with a slide g intermediate between the press head and the follower. The
slide is able to move up and down in guides formed for it in connection with the
press head. As seen in Figures 1 and 2, the slide g is held suspended in its highest
position by the two screws h, h, to which it is connected by the screw pins i, i, in
such manner as to prevent the screws turning. k, k, are spur wheels, the bosses of
which are forined as nuts corresponding to the screws h, h, and the screws pass
through and work with them. The wheel bosses are received into bearings in the
press head, and at their upper ends they receive rings k', k¹, which are screwed on

page_text: to the bosses and serve to retain them in their places. Z is a spur pinion on a
vertical axis carried by the press head, and m is a bevilled pinion on the upper end
of the same axis; it gears with another similar pinion upon the horizontal axis n,
to which the power is applied for working the press.
The Drawing represents a hand wheel n¹ at the extremity of the axis n. By
turning this hand wheel the follower is caused to descend, and the pressure is
applied to whatever inay be in the press beneath it; or by rotating the hand wheel
in the opposite direction the pressure is relieved and the follower raised.
The dotted lines in Figures 1 and 2 represent the positions of the parts when the
follower is in its lowest position.
Figure 5 is a side elevation and Figure 6 is a plan of the upper part of a press,
in which the slide g is suspended by four screws in place of by two, an arrange-
ment suited to presses of large size to be worked by power, and this press is also
shewn with two toggles on either side, four in all. The screws h, h, pass up
through nuts as before, and worm wheels are formed upon the nuts, and with these
the right and left worms o, o, gear direct. The axis o' of the worms o is carried by
the press head and is driven by a belt passing around the pulley o", or it may bo
in any other convenient manner. The pillars c, c, in this case serve to guide the
slide g in its movement up and down.
Figure 7 is a side elevation, Figure 8 is an end elevation, Figure 9 is a plan, and
Figure 10 is an horizontal section taken on the line 1, 1, in Figure 7. These
Figures represent a press in which the toggles at their ends where they abut against
the press head and the follower are brought nearer to the centre line of the press,
the actuating links f, f, being on their outer sides. The plate g is suspended by the
four screws h, h, which are connected with it near its four corners; they pass
through wheel nuts h, k, which are actuated as in the preceding Figures. Figure 11
is a side elevation and Figure 12 is a plan, showing a modification in which (the
press being narrower) two screws only are employed, and the plate or slide g works
in guides formed in the press head. The spur wheels k, k, gear with pinions upon
a pair of vertical axes, which may be driven by bevilled gear from an horizontal
shaft to which power is applied.
Figure 13 is a side elevation of a press similar to that represented in Figures 11
and 12, but shortened by so arranging the toggles as to cross the centre line of the
press, and to permit of this two toggles (a back and a front pair) are employed on
one side of the press, whilst on the other side a single toggle is used, the links of
which pass between the toggles on the other side of the press. The plate g in this
arrangement slides upon the pillars c, c, of the press.
Figure 14 is an end elevation, Figure 15 is a plan, and Figure 16 is an horizontal
section of this press.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that we claim,-
First. The construction of presses, substantially as described, and represented in
the annexed Drawings.
Second. The combination in a toggle press of the head b, the follower d, the
toggles e, e¹, the links f, and the slide or plate g, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Swalwell, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this 26th day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
JAMES SWALWELL. (L.S.)