IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TOGGLE AND IN MACHINES TO WHICH THE SAME MAY BE APPLIED
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark of the firm of A. M and W
Clark of 53 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
TOGGLE AND IN MACHINES TO WHICH THE SAME MAY BE APPLIED Com-
municated to him from abroad by Ernest Dervaux-Ibled and Gabriel Nicolas
Schoenberg, both of Paris, France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1882.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A M and W Clark of 53 Chancery.
Lane in the County of Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TOGGLE AND IN MACHINES TO WHICH THE SAME MAY BE
APPLIED [Communicated to him from abroad by Ernest Dervaux-Ibled and,
Gabriel Nicolas Schoenberg, both of Paris, France]
This Invention relates to improvements applied to the mechanical power known'
as the toggle, the improvements relating to the various joints of the toggle and also-
to the means of applying power thereto.
This improved toggle has the advantage of obtaining (whatever may be the
pressure to be exerted) corresponding bearing surfaces, either by increasing the
dimensions of its parts, or by increasing the diameters of the movable journals of
the joints. It has a slot link or guide formed upon one of the arms or members of
the toggle in which works the sliding journal box of the driving crank, so that
there can be no interruption between the forward and return motions of the toggle
as they are both produced by the same agency, a complete revolution of the crank
producing both the forward and backward stroke without any intermittence of the
motion whatever may be the resistance to the tool
This improved toggle also enables (as can be seen by Figures 1 and 2) the throw
of the crank to be reduced to the length of the stroke of the tool, by increasing or
reducing the distance between the axis of the crank shaft and the axis of oscillation
of that arm or member of the toggle to which the power is applied whereby the
:

page_text: moment of resistance is considerably lessened when the pressure of the tool attains
its maximum, since it is necessary to use a crank shaft to operate the toggle.
This guide slot is specially constructed with a view to withstand strains
especially those due to resistance to the return motion of the tool when by its
crushing or compressing action the metal or material operated on has been caused
to enter the tools or when the latter have penetrated deeply into the dies or
matrixes together with the material.
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the toggle in detail and Figures 3, 4 and 5 illustrate
its application to a vertically acting machine tool and Figures 6 and 7 to a
horizontal one.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 the slotted link or guide A B C D is in one with
the arm A'B'C' D' of the toggle. This arm is jointed at I its knuckle end being
received in a corresponding circular socket II I I¹¹ in the mass of metal con-
stituting the female member of the joint which is formed with two projecting claws
or clamping plates E F G H K¹ K" shown in thickness in Figure 1 and in width
at E F E FF Figure 2 whereby this part is attached to the framing of the
machine by screws 13. 14. 15. 16 as shown in face and side views Figures 3 and 4.
To retain the knuckle or male member of the joint in its socket, two cheek plates
of the form indicated by K K K K K in Figure 1 (and whose thickness is
indicated by K K¹ K* Figure 2) are fixed at either side of the socket by counter-
sunk screws as shown and provided with lugs M M to prevent any shifting of the
cheek plates. The knuckle or male end is also bored to receive a turned centre
pin L which also passes through the cheek plates. The joint is thus adapted to
sustain strains in both directions corresponding to the forward or return stroke of
the tool.
The slot link is of the form shown in Figure 1 and within it is fitted the journal
box N N N N made in two parts clamped together upon the crank P by screws
of which two are shown at QQ, so that when the crank turns in its orbit P¹ it
imparts a corresponding oscillating motion to the arm to which the link is attached
as above described and as illustrated in the general arrangement of the different
machines represented in Figures 3 4 5 6 and 7.
The extremity A¹ D' of the arm has a semi circular recess or socket forming the
bearing surface and fitting upon a corresponding cylindrical pin of the form repre-
sented by 0 0 011 0111 O O Figure 2 and the other arm S S₁SS of the
toggle has a similar socket fitting on the opposite side of the same pin. This pin
is turned true and its larger cylindrical portion alone forms the bearing surface the
pin being merely held in place by its ends or journals being received in four plates
or ears screwed and bolted against the sides of the arms of the toggle and
The two
respectively engaging with shoulders R R R R formed thereon.
outermost plates are of the form indicated by 4. 5. 6. 7. 8 (Figure 2) so that when
fixed on the one arm they overlap those indicated by 10. 11 and 12 fixed to the
other arm, the ends or ears of both sets of plates which receive the journals of the
pin being of a semicircular form as shown.
The joint at the other end of the second arm S S¹ S" S11 of the toggle is
precisely similar to that at the corresponding end of the first arm and it is attached
in a similar way by screws 1. 2. 3 but to the tool carrier instead of to the machine
frame.
The arrangement shown in Figures 3. 4 and 5 enables the crank shaft carrying
the large gear wheel, and the shaft carrying the pinion pulley and fly wheel to be
placed the former in rear and the latter in front of the frame so as to equally
distribute and balance the strains by fixing the pillow blocks to each side of the
frame standard.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th June 1883.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the Firm of A, M, and W, Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TOGGLE AND IN MACHINES TO WHICH THE SAME MAY BE
APPLIED A communication to me from abroad by Ernest Dervaux-Ibled and
Gabriel Nicolas Schoenberg, both of Paris, France.
"
This Invention relates to improvements in the mechanical power known as the
toggle, the improvements relating to the various joints of the toggle, and also to
the means of applying power thereto.
This improved toggle has the advantage of obtaining (whatever may be the
pressure to be exerted) corresponding bearing surfaces, either by increasing the
dimensions of its parts or by increasing the diameters of the movable journals of
the joints. It has a slot link or guide formed upon one of the arms or members
of the toggle in which works the sliding journal box of the driving crank so that
there can be no interruption between the forward and return motions of the toggle
as they are both produced by the same agency, a complete revolution of the crank
exactly producing both the forward and backward stroke without any loss or
intermittence of the motion whatever may be the resistance to the tool. This
improved toggle also enables (as can be seen by Figures 1 and 2) the throw of the
crank to be reduced to the length of the stroke of the tool, by increasing or
reducing the distance between the axis of the crank shaft and the axis of oscillation
of that arm or member of the toggle to which the power is applied, whereby the
resisting moment is considerably lessened when the pressure of the tool attains its
maximum since one is under the obligation to have recourse to a crank shaft to
operate the toggle. This guide slot is specially constructed with a view to with-
stand strains, especially those due to resistance to the return motion of the tool
when by its crushing or compressing action the metal or material operated on has
been caused to enter the tools, or when the latter have penetrated deeply into the
dies or matrixes together with the material.
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the toggle in detail, and Figures 3. 4 and 5 illustrate
its application to a vertically acting machine tool, and Figures 6 and 7 to a
horizontal one.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the slotted link or guide A B C D is in one with
the arm A B C D¹ of the toggle. This arm is jointed at I, its knuckle end being
received in a corresponding circular socket I³ I I'I' in the mass of metal constituting
the female member of the joint which is formed with two projecting flanges or
clamping plates E F G H K³ K² shown edgewise in Figure 1 and flatwise at E F
E¹ F² F³ figure 2 whereby this part is attached to the framing of the machine by
screws 13. 14. 15. 16 as shown in face and side views figures 3 and 4. To retain
the knuckle or male member of the joint in its socket, two cheek plates of the form
indicated by K K¹ K³ K³ K' in figure 1 (and whose thickness is indicated
by K K¹ K* figure 2) are fixed at either side of the socket by countersunk screws
as shown, and provided with lugs M M¹ to prevent any shifting of the cheek plates.
The knuckle or male end is also bored to receive a turned centre pin L which also
passes through the cheek plates. The joint is thus adapted to sustain strains in
both directions corresponding to the forward and return stroke of the tool.
The slot link is of the form shown in Figure 1 and within it is fitted to slide the
journal box N N' N² N³ made in two parts clamped together upon the crank P by

page_text: screws of which two are shown at QQ' so that when the crank turns in its orbit P¹
it imparts a corresponding oscillating motion to the arm to which the link is
attached as above described and as illustrated in the general arrangement of the
different machines represented in Figures 3. 4. 5. 6 and 7. The extremity A' D'
of the arm has a semicircular recess or socket forming the bearing surface and
fitting upon a corresponding cylindrical pin of the form represented by 0 0¹ 0'
03 04 05 figure 2, and the other arm S S¹ S² S³ of the toggle has a similar socket
fitting on the opposite side of the same pin. This pin is turned true and its larger
cylindrical portion alone forms the bearing surface, the pin being merely held in
place by its ends or journals being received in four plates or ears screwed and
bolted against the sides of the arms of the toggle and respectively engaging with
shoulders R R R2 R³ formed thereon. The two outermost plates are of the form
indicated by 4. 5. 6. 7. 8 (Figure 2) so that when fixed on the one arm they overlap
those indicated by 10. 11. and 12 fixed to the other arm, the ends or ears of both
sets of plates which receive the journals of the pin being of a semicircular form as
shown.
The joint at the other end of the second arm S S¹ S² S³ of the toggle is precisely
similar to that at the corresponding end of the first arm and it is attached in a
similar way by screws 1. 2. 3 but to the tool carrier instead of to the machine
frame.
The arrangement shown in Figures 3. 4. and 5 enables the crank shaft carrying
the large gear wheel and the driving shaft carrying the pinion pulley and fly wheel
to be placed, the former in rear and the latter in front of the frame so as to equally
distribute and balance the strains by fixing the pillow blocks to each side of the
frame standard.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is.
1st. The combination of parts herein described constituting the improvements in
the means of applying power to the toggle, and in the construction of the joints
substantially as specified.
2nd. The combination with the middle and end joints of the toggle constructed
as described, of the lateral retaining plates for securely connecting the parts of the
toggle together whatever may be the width of the bearing surfaces of the joints,
substantially as specified.
3rd. The construction of the middle joint of the toggle in which the joint pin is
made of a diameter and width at the bearing surface proportional to the pressure
and so constructed as to be easily replaced when worn, substantially as specified.
4th. The combination with the toggle of the slot link applied to one of its
members as described and the sliding journal box for connecting the crank to the
toggle and transmitting the motion whilst permitting the bearing surfaces to he
increased in all directions and proportioned to the power to be applied to the tool
holder whether on the forward or return stroke, substantially as specified.
5th. The particular arrangement of punching or other machine in which a toggle
is used shown in Figures 3. 4 and 5 wherein the crank and driving shafts are
placed at opposite sides of the machine frame, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
In Witness whereof I the said Alexander Melville Clark have hereunto set
my hand and seal this twenty ninth day of June. A.D. 1883.