IMPROVEMENTS IN THE Cox- STRUCTION OF FURNACES FOR THE MORE COMILETELY UTILIZING THE HEAT GENERATED THEREIN
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Martin Stanley, of Sheffield, in the County
of York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE Cox-
STRUCTION OF FURNACES FOR THE MORE COMILETELY UTILIZING THE HEAT
GENERATED THEREIN."
Scaled the 15th August 1873, and dated the 12th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by tho said John Martin Stanley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th March 1873.
I, JOHN MARTIN STANLEY, of Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES FOR THE MORN COMPLETELY
UTILIZING THE Heat Generated thEREIN," to bo as follows:-
The alients of 11. TOLAR

page_text: And, thirdly. To cause the heat to impinge more directly upon or to
pass through or amongst the materials to be heated.
•
The means by which I propose to attain the said objects of my
Invention are as follows:-The fire-grate or fire-place of these furnaces
is constructed on a solid bottom of metal, firc-clay, or brickwork. On t
one side or on both sides of this fire-place I fix at an angle inclining
inwards a number of bars of iron or other suitable metal about 3 inches
wide, and th of an inch thick (more or less) similar in arrangement to
what is known as "louvre boarding;" these bars are placed parallel or
nearly so with each other, and at such distances apart as to form suitable 1
apertures or interstices for the passage of air into the fire-place, or of a
blast of air induced by a jet of steam passing through a pipe fixed in a
channel formed at the back of the said bars, so that the air and steam
passing together through or between the said bars assist in proventing
such bars from being rapidly burnt away. The bars being thus fixed 1
inclining downwards to the inside of the fire-place, necessarily provent
the fuel falling through or between them.
At or near the bottom of one side of the fire-place I form a suitablo
opening for the purpose of clearing away the refuse when desired; this
opening may be closed by a door or by any other ordinary means when 2
the fire-place is not being cleared.
The heat generated in my improved furnace passes over the bridge,
which is formed in the ordinary way and place into the heating chamber
as usual. In ordinary heating chambers the fiercest portion of the heat
passes along the upper part of such chamber and over the tops of the 2
piles of metal placed therein to be heated. To obviate this and to direct
the whole of the heat passing over the bridge upon or amongst the ingots
or piles of metal, I divide by partitions or otherwise the heating chamber
into two or more compartments, and connect them by sunk curved, rec-
tangular, or other shaped flues. The first portion or end of these flues g
formed in and under the floor of the first compartment becomes a
descending flue, and the other end of such flue rising to and entering the
second compartment becomes an ascending flue, and so on for any other
number of compartments. By this arrangement the ingots of steel or
blooms or piles of iron being placed over or across the orifices or 3
openings of the said connecting flues, have the advantage of being in the
direct course of the heat and flame in passing through the compartments
or heating chambers.

page_text: The outlet for the surplus or waste heat from the second or last heating
chamber or compartment may be of the usual kind or description, or it
may be applied or used for generating or superhoating steam.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Martin Stanley in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MARTIN STANLEY, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heus and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said John Martin Stanley,. Her special licence
that I, the said John Martin Stanley, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Martin Stanley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES FOR THE MORE COMPLETELY UTILIZING THE HEAT
GENERATED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Martin Stanley, my executors or administrators, by an in-
strument in writing under, or their, or one of their hands and seals
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calender
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Martin Stanley, do hereby
declare the naturo of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to bo particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-

page_text: Firstly. To secure a more completo combustion of fuel.
Secondly. To facilitate the clearing of the fire-grate or fire-place.
And, Thirdly. To cause the heat to impinge more directly upon or to
pass through or amongst the materials to be heated.
In order that my said improvements may be more clearly and more
fully understood, and be more readily reduced to practice, I now proceed
to explain the same with the aid of the accompanying Drawing which
forms part of this Specification, reference being made thereto by the
figures and letters marked thercon, which reference applies to cach:
Figure of the said Drawing where the same index figures and letters
appear.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a furnace on the line A, B,
Figure 2, shewing my improved sunk flue; Figure 2 is a horizontal
sectional plan of the same furnace; Figure 3 is a transverso section
thereof on the line C, D, Figure 2.
The fire-grate or fire-place a of these furnaces is constructed on a solid
bottom or bed & of metal, fire-clay, or brickwork. On one side or on
both sides of the fire-place a I fix at an angle inclining inwards and
downwards a number of bars c of iron or other suitable metal about
three inches wide, and three-fourths of an inch thick (more or less),
similar in arrangement to what is known as "louvre boarding," and
herein-after called "louvre bars;" these louvre bars o are placed parallel
or nearly so with each other, and at such distances apart as to form
suitable apertures or interstices for the passage of air into the fire-
place a, or of a blast of air induced by a jet or jets of steam passing
through a pipe or pipes & fixed in the channel or channels e formed at
the back of the louvre bars c, so that the air or air and steam together
passing through or between the louvre bars c assist in preventing such
bars from being rapidly burnt away. The louvre bars c, being thus fixed
inclining downwards to the inside of the fire-place a, as shown in the
Drawing, necessarily prevent the fuel therein falling through or between
them.
C

page_text: like when desired; this opening may be closed by a door or by other
ordinary and efficient means when the fire-place is not being cleared.
•
The heat generated in my improved furnace a passes over the bridgoƒ,
which is built or formed in the ordinary way, and place into the heating
chamber gas usual. In ordinary heating chambers the florcest portion
of the beat passes along the upper part of such chamber, and con-
sequently over the tops of the piles of metal placed therein to bo heated.
To obviate this and to direct the whole of the heat passing over the
bridge upon or amongst the ingots or piles of metal I divide the
heating chamberg into two or moro compartments by a partition or
partitions, and connect such compartments by sunk flues i' of any
convenient or suitable form or shape; the first portion or end of these
flues formed in and under the floor of the first compartment becomes o
descending ſlue, and the other end of such fluo rising to and entering
the second compartment becomes an ascending flue, and so on for any
number of compartments; or this order may be reversed and the first
part bo an ascending flue, and the second part a descending; or thero
may be only one compartment with either an ascending or descending
flue. By this arrangement the ingots of steel or blooms or piles of iron
being placed over or across the orifices or openings of the said connecting
flues i, have the advantage of being in the direct course of the heat and
flame passing through the compartments or heating chambers.
$
The outlet or flue by which the surplus or waste heat usually escapes
from the second or last heating chamber or compartment may be of tho
usual kind or description, or it may be arranged and used for generating
or superheating steam..
Having thus fully described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desiro
it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the preciso position or
dimensions of my improved sunk flues, nor to any of the preciso
dimensions or positions now illustrated, but I claim as my Invention
and desire to secure by the aforesaid in part recited Letters Patent,-
Firstly. The formation of the sides of fire-grates or fire-places with
bars of metal inclining inwards and downwards herein called "louvro
bars," and the general arrangement of such fire-places; also the appli-
cation or adaptation of such "louvre bars" and arrangement of fire-places
to any other kind of furnace to which they may bo suited.

page_text: Secondly. The method of directing the course of the heat and flame
from the said or any other suitable fire-place through or amongst the
materials to be heated by means of a flue or flues sunk in and below the
level of the floor of the heating chamber.
Thirdly. The method of dividing the said heating chamber into two or
more compartments, all substantially as herein described and shewn in
the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Martin Stanley, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Tenth day of September in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.