Improvements in Kilns for Bricks, Lime, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Bricks, Lime, and the like.
We, WILLIAM OAKES, Builder and JAMES OAKES, Engineer both of Anchor
Street Hunslet, Leeds, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of kilns for bricks,
lime and the like, and has for its object to provide an improved means whereby the
heat commonly wasted in letting the fully burnt material cool will be utilised for
heating the raw material.
Under the floor of the kiln around the central dividing wall a continuous flue is
provided, having branches leading into the chamber, two into each division. One
of these leads into the division through the roof, and the other through the floor of
the chamber, each being furnished with a damper to regulate the aperture or close
the flue. The heat from the burning material will pass through the upper flue
when opened, thence downwards into the main flue and into the division containing
the raw material when the damper governing that part is opened, thus transferring
the heat otherwise wasted to the cooler parts.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, reference is had to
the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a plan partly in section and Fig. 2
is a cross section of a kiln constructed according to my invention. A is the kiln
with floor a and roof a' constructed in any ordinary manner, and furnished with the
usual flues and openings for charging and emptying. Under the floor and around
the central division a' is placed the continuous flue B from which at the required
intervals the branch flues 6 pass through the partition a³ and the roof a¹ to the top
of the kiln opening into the latter at about the centre as shown.
At corresponding intervals the branches 6' are provided opening from the flue B
into the lower part of the kiln, the branch flues & and 6 are all furnished with
dampers 6 and a', having the necessary rods and handles so that any flue can be
opened or closed irrespective of the rest. The end flues b are preferably connected
together and have only one branch passing to the main flue B, so that less space
will be occupied in the division a². It will be seen that with this arrangement on
opening any top flue b of a division containing burnt or burning material, and a
bottom flue at any other part, generally at the other side or end, the hot air will
pass through the flue b to the central flue B and thence to the cool division through
the open
flue b. Owing to the heated air coming into the cool part through the
floor it will be caused to pass through the material much more thoroughly than by
introducing it from the top, drawing the heat freely from the top of the heated
material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. An improved means for utilising waste heat in brick and like kilns, consisting
of a continuous flue around the middle division of the kiln and under the floor, having
two sets of branch flues, each flue furnished with a damper, passing respectively
through the roof and floor of the kiln, and opening into the latter at top and bottom,
arranged substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. The improved kiln with flues and dampers for utilising waste heat constructed

page_text: and operating substantially in the manner described and shown in the accom-
panying drawings, and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 8th day of August 1893.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.