IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION · OF LIGHT FROM BENZINE, NAPHTHA, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine,
Lake, & Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION · OF
LIGHT FROM BENZINE, NAPHTHA, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES." -A com-
munication from abroad by John Durkee Whidden, Edward
Ferdinand Reed, and John Ware Fletcher, all of Chelsea,
Massachusetts Tinited States of A morion
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st August 1873.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF LIGHT FROM BENZINE, NAPHTHA, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES,” a
communication, to be as follows :-
This Invention has for its object the production of a safe, chicap, clear
and brilliant.light.from benzine, gasoline, naphtha, and other products of
"

page_text: which it is secured to the lantern frame an opening or space for the
free circulation of the air so as to prevent the heating of the oil in the
reservoir.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special licence
that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or 'such others as I, the said William Robert Lake, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should- at any time agree with
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIGHT FROM
BENZINE, NAPHTHA, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES," a communication to me
from abroad by John Durkee Widden, Edward Ferdinand Reed, and
John Ware Fletcher, all of Chelsea, Massachusetts, United States of
America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Robert Lake, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
•

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, referenco being had to the accom-
panying Drawing forming a part of this Specification.
3
This Invention has for its object the production of a safe, cheap, clear,
and brilliant light from benzine, gasoline, naphtha, and products of 5
petroleum, or of substances which to burn are vaporized in their passage
to the burner tip.
The said Invention relates particularly to that class of vapor burners
in which is employed a supplementary jet to assist the generation of
vapors from the illuminating medium.
It also relates to a tank or reservoir to be applied to a lantern frame
öf 'à street lamp, the 'tank being for the reception and holding of the
liquid hydrocarbon to supply tlie above vapor burner.
The said Invention consists,—
1
First. In a supplementary chamber about or around that portion of 1
the burner called the mixing chamber, and communicating by a small
aperture at its top with the interior of the mixing chamber. Through
this aperture the gas, formed from the vapor of the liquid and its
mixture with air in the mixing chamber passes into the supplementary
chamber, and from or near its bottom passes out into the air, where 2
being ignited it forms the supplementary jet so called, to secure and
maintain the proper vaporizing of the illuminating fluid.
Secondly. In the application to the burner tube of a disc made of a
cup shape. This disc is located a short distance below the burner tip,
in position for the supplementary jet to impinge against its interior 2
periphery, and is of such a shape as to fend off from the supplementary
jet the upward current of air through the lantern, thereby obviating any
liability of the same to being extinguished by sudden gusts of wind.
From this cup-shaped disc a sleeve extends down and surrounds the
retort or vaporizing chamber of the burner, which serves as a conductor a
of the heat from the cup to vaporize the oil.
ܚ،
Thirdly. In the burner being so constructed in each and all of it's
.several parts as to be easily taken apart and put together without the
Oaid of instruments, for the purpose of being repaired or cleaned when
desired.

page_text: Fourthly. In a tank or reservoir to hold the oil necessary for the
above burner, and constructed to be secured to and within the lantern
frame at one of its openings, heretofore receiving a glass.
Fifthly. In a reservoir or tank, which being secured as above
described to the lantern frame, has between it and the means by which
it is secured to the lantern frame an opening or space for the free
circulation of the air, so as to prevent the heating of the oil in the
reservoir
Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the said apparatus; Figure 2 is
a side view of the same; Figure 3 is a plan with the flat disc removed.
A represents a vapor burner made according to my Invention; B is
the feed tube; C, the retort. This retort C is filled with wicking, which
extends a short distance in the feed tube. D is the mixing chamber;
E, the burner tip; F, a cup-shaped disc applied to retort C, and
surrounding the same by and through its sleeve G, which tightly fits
the retort tube f. The disc F is located just below the burner tip E, and
bends inward, as shewn. H is the supplementary chamber, made
nearly of a globe shape in the present instance; it surrounds the mixing
chamber D, and within the cup-shaped disc F at the bottom of this
supplementary chamber H I provide one or more supplementary jet
holes b, the flames from which impinge against the interior of disc F.
From the supplementary chamber H communication is made with the
interior of mixing chamber D, by and through the opening c in the
mixing chamber tube d. In the centre of the top of the retort tube fis
the needle hole g. I, the cup in which is put the liquid to be burned to
light the burner; h, h, are apertures in sleeve to admit air into mixing
chamber; is a flat disc between burner tip E and supplementary
chamber H, to prevent flickering of the burner flame by the supple-
mentary jets.
The burner otherwise than above described is to be constructed in any
of the ordinary modes, and is to be lighted by fire applied in cup I on
retort tube f. As it continues to burn vapor is generated in the retort C,
and then passes through the needle hole g into mixing chamber D,
where by and through apertures / in slceve G air enters to mix with the
vapor forming the gas to burn at the burner. A portion of this gas in

page_text: the mixing chamber D passes through apertures c in mixing chamber
tube d into the supplementary chamber H, and thence out at the
apertures b, near the bottom of supplementary chamber H, where being
ignited (as it will be from the fire in the cup I below) it impinges
against the interior of the cup-shaped disc F, and serves to properly
maintain the vaporization of the illuminating liquid.
For the best practical results from the supplementary jet, three at
least should be employed equal distances apart, but a greater or less
number can be used, if desired.
In Figures 4 and 5 a modification of the mixing chamber D and
supplementary chamber H is shown; Figure 4 is a central vertical
section of the vapor burner round about the mixing chamber D;
Figure 5 is a transverse section on the line x, x, Figure 4.
2
jis a tube within and along the length of the mixing chamber d,
tightly fitting the same. This inner tube j along its length has in the 1
present instance three corrugations, which when the tube j¨ is within
the mixing chamber tube d, as stated, produce vertical chambers k
along one side of the internal periphery of the mixing chamber tube d;
these chambers k have their upper ends near the inner end of burner
tip E, and their lower ends near the bottom of mixing chamber D.
By an aperture 7 at the upper end of each chamber k communication
is had with the mixing chamber D, and the apertures m at lower
end of each chamber & opening into the cup-shaped disc F serves for
the supplementary jets. It is obvious a more or less number of .
corrugations, operating substantially as described, can be employed if 2
desired, but three are sufficient for all practical purposes.
By the construction, arrangement, and location, of the several parts,
as herein described, the gas in the mixing chamber D and the
supplementary chamber H becomes superheated, thereby giving to
the burner a flame of much more brilliancy and clearness. This 3
superheating being produced by the supplementary jets of flame in
the cup-shaped disc F surrounding mixing chamber D and the supple-
mentary chamber H.
The several parts of the said vapor burner are each and all so con-
structed and arranged in respect of each other as to enable them to 3
.be easily separated without the aid of instruments when desired for

page_text: the purpose of cleaning, repairing, or of packing them for transportation.
For instance, the burner tip E lifts out easily from the top of the
tube d, then the mixing chamber tube & can be readily removed from
its seat in the cup-shaped disc F and sleeve G, and the cup-shaped
disc F with sleeve G easily comes off of the retort tube f; none of the
several parts, above described, fitting sufficiently tight when the burner
is cold, but that they can all be removed, as above described, with
the hands. When the vapor burner is burning the metal composing
the several parts is sufficiently expanded by the heat to cause them
all to be firmly fixed together, and thus there is no danger of their
coming apart.

page_text: for receiving the lower edges of the glass 6'; this glass completing the
closing of the opening to frame S.
'
The tank P may be of various shapes and sizes, and if desired adapted
of itself to fit within the lantern frame S, but it is best to secure it
to a holder plate o, as described, as it prevents the heating of the oil
in the tank from the heat given to the lantern frame by the burner
when burning; and, furthermore, the tank may occupy the whole
lantern frame $, but a tank and arrangement of same, such as has
been shown and described, is found sufficient. A², is a hole for filling the
tank with liquid, and B', a cap for closing the same.
Having thus. fully described the said Invention, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,―
First. The vapor burner having the double conical-shaped supple-
mentary chamber H communicating at its top with the mixing
chamber D by the aperture c, as herein described, in combination
with the jet hole or holes 6 and the cup-shaped disc F having the
inwardly flaring edge a and sleeve G, with the several parts constructed,
arranged, and operated in respect to each other as herein set forth.
Second. The vapor burner having the vertical chamber or chambers k,
communicating at the upper end with the mixing chamber D by the
aperture 1, as herein described, in combination with the jet hole or
holes m and the cup-shaped disc F having the inwardly flaring edge a
and sleeve G, the several parts constructed, arranged, and operating in
respect to each other as herein set forth.
Third. The construction and arrangement of each and all of the
several parts, as herein described, whereby the burner can easily be
taken apart and put together without the aid of instruments, substan-
tially as herein described and for the purposes specified.
Fourth. The superheating of the gas in the mixing chamber D and
supplementary chamber H. by being surrounded by the flames of the
supplementary jets, in the manner herein specified..
Fifth. A tank or reservoir_adapted to be secured to a lantern frame,
substantially as herein described,

page_text: Sixth. In combination with the parts forming the subject of the fifth
claim the air spaces q between the tank P and its holder o, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
Seventh. The disc F shaped and applied to a vapor burner, substan-
tially as described and for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
Witness,
JAS. EDWARDS,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
W. ROB. LAKE. (L.S.)
"