A NEW AND IMPROVED HYDROCARBON OIL BURNER FOR LIGHT AND HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the firm of Allison Brothers, of 52 Chancery
Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED HYDROCARBON OIL BURNER
FOR LIGHT AND HEATING PURPOSES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the annexed Drawings making a part of this
Specification in which Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of the burner.. Fig. 2 is a
plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a detached section.
'
In the general view of the burner Fig. 1 A, is a T-coupling, attached to the oil
induction pipe B and by which said burner is put in communication with an
oil tank or reservoir for being supplied therefrom with oil. The supply for that
purpose is controlled by a valve at the lower end of the pipe operated by the
hand wheel C, secured to the stem D of the valve. Said valve is indicated by
the dotted lines a, and consists simply of the rounded end of the stem adapted
to close the passage b leading from the T connection into the pipe B. To the
upper end of said pipe is secured the combustion chamber and gas generator by
means of the thimble D' into which the upper end of the pipe B is screwed. The
combustion chamber above alluded to consists of the foraminous cap or dome E,
secured to the base plate F, by screws c or by other suitable means. Said base
plate forms the bottom of the chamber and is provided with a central opening for
the admission of the gas induction tube G, which extends up into the combustion'
chamber as indicated by the dotted lines d. The tube is secured in its connection
with the chamber by a set screw e, inserted in the collar I, of the base plate.
The gas generator of the burner consists of three tubes or conduits 1, 2 and 3,
arranged on three sides of the dome as shown in Fig. 2. Said conduits intersect.
each other thereby forming a continuous channel around the dome from the
induction pipe B, in communication therewith by means of the elbow J, thence
to the thimble K, in open relation with the conduit by the elbow L, hence, the.

page_text: passage from the induction pipe B to the thimble K, and eduction gas pipe M, is
through the conduits (the vapor generator K¹) of the burner, and which conduits
form an integral part of the dome around which they are arranged as aforesaid and
shown in the Drawing.
The lower end of the eduction vapor pipe M, is connected to the chamber N, of
the needle valve f, of which valve O is the stem, and is operated by the handle P.
To the end of said pipe M, is connected a valve chamber Q, in which m is the
valve similar in construction to the valve a above described and of which R, is
the stem, whereby the valve is opened and closed for regulating the flow of vapor
'to the needle valve. It will be observed that the needle valve f, is in alignment
with the central tube G, so that the vapor may pass direct from the valve into the
combustion chamber.
Practically the operation of the above described vapor burner is as follows. As
aforesaid the burner is, by a pipe connection, to be put in communication with an
oil tank or reservoir, a small portion of the oil is let into the cup S, by opening
the needle valve f, the oil will flow therefrom down into the cup, which is then
lighted. The flame thereof ascends and envelopes the combustion chamber and the
conduits or generator K'. The heat of the flame vaporizes the oil in the generator
and which flows therefrom down the eduction pipe M, to the needle valve from
which it issues into the tube G thence into the dome and is burned in jets as it
issues from the perforations a¹.
Said jets of burning vapor, heat the generator K¹, thereby vaporizing the oil
therein as fast as it is supplied by the oil induction pipe B. The gas or vapor,
thus generated, passes down the eduction pipe M, to the needle valve from which
it flows at once through the tube G, into the combustion chamber or dome, thereby
continuing the supply of vapor to the combustion chamber when the oil in the cup
has been consumed.
The supply of oil to the generator is'controlled by the valve a, above described,
by opening it more or less as may be necessary, whereas the supply of the
generated vapor may be controlled by the needle valve. It is, however, preferred
to graduate the flow of vapor by means of the side valve m, in the chamber Q
above described, instead of using the needle valve for that purpose, as it is
found in practice, that when the needle valve is used to control the vapor, the
consumption thereof is less uniform, and that it is attended with more or less
noise in consequence of the great and more direct pressure of the gas upon the
needle valve or point, which noise etc., are wholly obviated in controlling the
supply of vapor by the side valve m, as afore-mentioned.
ty
The above described burner is intended, more especially, for burning heavy
grades of hydrocarbon oils, which are not so readily vaporized as the lighter grades
hence, a generator of greater heating capacity is required to vaporize the oil and
which is satisfactorily accomplished by the conduit generator arranged,.between
the upper and lower series of perforations of the dome, whereby the generator is
subjected to the full and direct heat of the jets of burning vapor. The lighter
grades of oil however; may be used in this burner with ample results but it is
preferred to use for that purpose a modification of the burner, such as is shown in
Fig. 4, which is not essentially different from the one above described, but which
is modified in view of having less heating capacity for vaporizing the oil which,
as before remarked, is of lighter grade than that used in the above described
burner.
;
L
The construction of the vapor burner shown in Fig. 4, will be readily understood
and which is substantially as follows:-It differs from the burner Fig. 1 in having
the generator below the combustion chamber. instead of around it. Said generator
is shown at A¹, terminating the upper end of the oil supply pipe B. The lower
end of said pipe is provided, with a T coupling and valve, like that, shown in
Fig. 1,,and which is represented at C¹ and D". The cap or dome E¹, stands upon
the base or heater plate F, and may be either fixed to it, as is the dome and

page_text: generator secured to the base plate of Fig. 1, or stand loose thereon, and be
retained from slipping off by the annular flange h, of the plate inside of which
flange the cap or dome stands as shown at h in Figs. 5 and 4. The dome not
being made fast to the base or heater plate, allows it to be readily removed
therefrom for any needful purpose. The cap or dome and the heater plate may
consist of one entire piece made thus by being cast with a core.
G₁ is the needle
valve chamber and m¹³ the needle valve of which H¹ is the stem having thereon a
hand wheel I', for operating the valve. J¹ is the induction gas tube, corresponding
to the central tube of the burner Fig. 1, and, in like manner, is in alignment
with the needle valve, and extends up into the dome as shown in the Drawings.
K', is the vapor tube leading from the generator to the needle valve chamber G¹
connected thereto by a short tubular connection L¹. In the end of the tube K', is
a valve M Fig. 4, corresponding to the valve indicated by the dotted lines m in
Fig. 3, and for the same purpose. It will be observed in the Drawings that, the
top or ceiling of the dome of the combustion chamber has a convex surface, the
purpose of which is to deflect the vapor issuing from the tube J¹, towards the sides
and bottom of the dome more directly than it would be were the ceiling of the
dome a flat surface, hence, the jets of gas or vapor, issuing from the perforations in
the dome, are stronger and more effectually thrown out from the lower series of
perforations for heating the base plate, whereby the heat is transmitted to the
generator below for vaporizing the oil.
Practically the operation of the burner is substantially the same as that set forth
respecting the burner Fig. 1, and will therefore need no description further than
to remark that the lighter grades of hydrocarbon oil are more profitably used in
the modified burner than in the other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st In a device for burning hydrocarbon oils, a foraminous combustion chamber
having arranged on the external sides thereof conduits forming a vapor generator,
adapted in relation to and in open communication with an induction oil pipe and
an eduction vapor pipe, substantially in the manner as described and for the
purpose specified.
2nd In combination with the eduction vapor pipe and combustion chamber
provided with a vapor inducting tube extending into said chamber and arranged
in alignment with the needle valve, a gas controlling valve adapted to evaporate
with said needle valve, or independently thereof, substantially as described and for
the purpose specified.
3rd In a device for vaporizing and burning hydrocarbon oils, a combustion
chamber consisting of a foraminous cap or dome, surrounded by a vapor generator,
and provided with a base plate to which said dome is permanently fixed or
removable therefrom, and having an opening in said chamber for the insertion
of a tube arranged in alignment with the needle valve and extending into the
dome of the combustion chamber for conducting therein the vapor issuing from
the said needle valve, substantially as herein set forth and for the purpose
specified.
4th In a device for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils and. for burning the same, a
combustion chamber consisting of a perforated cap or dome having the interior top
or ceiling thereof convexed, forming a deflector, and the said cap or dome fixed to,
for removably in combination with a base or heater plate penetrated by a vapor
conducting tube arranged in alignment with the needle valve, induction oil pipe
and eduction vapor pipe, and valves for controlling the supplies of oil and vapor
to the generator and combustion chamber, and igniting oil cup, constructed and
arranged to operate substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
5th In a device for vaporizing hydrocarbon oils and for burning the same, a
combustion chamber, consisting of a perforated cap or dome and a heater plate.

page_text: forming the bottom of said chamber, and provided with an annular flange
extending beyond the sides of the dome for transmitting heat to the generator
and for retaining the said dome in place upon the plate, substantially as described
and for the purpose specified.
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