Improvements in or connected with Hot Water Radiators and' similar Heating Apparatus
Year: 1899

page_text: eprinted
as amended in accordance with the decision of the Comptroller Genera
dated the 13th day of Decr. 1901.
Date of Application, 7th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 7th Feb., 1900-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1900
"
Improvements in or connected with Hot Water Radiators and'
similar Heating Apparatus
"
I, ERNEST ALBERT DENYER, of 3 Finchley Road Child's Hill in the County of
Middlesex Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to improvements in or additions to heat radiators and the
like, and has for object to so construct such apparatus that each individual radiator
may be self-contained; that is to say, each apparatus forins a separate and complete
heating plant having its own water supply and source of heat, and constitutes in it-
self a complete circuit for the heating medium. A further object of the invention is
to provide an improved syphonic arrangement for isolating the supply tank or
reservoir from the heating medium, and also to accomplish a more efficient mode of
dealing with the products of combustion from the oil or gas burner or other source
of heat.
In carrying out this invention as applied to what are known as sectional radiators
it is preferable to dispose the sections so that there shall be an equal number on either
side of the heating device which, according to one construction, takes the form of a
boiler or water heater substantially of the shape of a truncated cone, having double
walls which constitute an annular water space. The necessary connections are made
with the aforesaid sections to obtain a good circulation. The interior space of the
inner wall of the water heater is preferably employed for the gas or oil burner or
other source of heat. Tubes may be placed across the heat space to connect opposite
points of the annular water space, and thereby increase the heat surface and promote
circulation. The products of combustion may be carried away by an uptake connected
to the crown of the heating chamber. A water supply tank or reservoir is also con-
nected to the water space and a syphon may be interposed in the usual way to
prevent the introduction of hot water or steam into such tank or reservoir.
Another form of heating device consists of a vertical tube preferably of a height
approximating that of the sections of the radiator. Within this tube is fixed a taper
tube of a diameter sufficiently small to leave an annular space between it and the
outer tube for containing the fluid or medium to be heated. The burner or other
source of heat is located within the inner tube which may be constructed with cross
tubes for the purpose hereinbefore described. In the top of the vertical tube may be
cast or fitted a plug having a suitable passage for the products of combustion to pass
through.
In order to construct a neat and compact syphonic device for isolating the reservoir
or supply from the circulation and for permitting the expansion of the heating
medium in the radiator; the plug above referred to inay be cup-shaped and formed
with two annular grooves or recesses, one of which communicates with the circulation
through slots in the plug. Into the other recess depends the supply tube which may

page_text: be placed around the uptake of the products of combustion. An annular supply space
is thus formed and the fluid to gain admission to the radiator must siphon under the
end of the tube over the ridge dividing the two grooves into that groove communi-
cating with the circulation through slots in the plug. Alternatively I may employ
in connection with the heating device any ordinary syphon arrangement for effecting
the same purpose.
The products of combustion may be conveyed into the water supply tank where
they will condense and be materially reduced before passing into the atmosphere.
If the contents of the reservoir are liable to become overheated by the uptake which
passes therethrough, such overheating may be obviated by the employment of an
insulating jacket.
In order to prevent explosions in the heating chamber when igniting the gas if
this be employed, the burner may be carried upon a pivoted arm arranged to be
swung from under the said heating chamber and at the same time to open the gas
valve.
Around the burner may be placed an air-guard which encloses the space between
the burner and the base of the heating chamber. The upper periphery of the guard
may be formed with an annular cup or groove, so arranged as to collect the condensa-
tion descending from the walls of the heating chamber. An overflow aperture is
arranged in the cup or groove in order to prevent the condensation fluid from running
over into the burner. The air-guard effectually prevents a light from being applied
to the burner whilst in position underneath the heating chamber. And in the case
of an Argand or similar burner prevents the flame from smoking.
It will be understood that this heating device constructed according to my inven-
tion, may be applied to any existing radiator, which may be then isolated from the
main circulation, or the said heating devices may be used in conjunction with the
main circulation of a heating system as desired.
The form of construction of the heating device may also be varied to suit different
types of radiators.
Improvements in or connected with Hot Water Radiators
similar Heating Apparatus.
I, ERNEST ALBERT DENYER of 3 Finchley Road, Child's Hill, London, N.W.
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in or additions to sectional heat radiators
and the like and has for object to so construct such apparatus that each individual
radiator may he self-contained, that is to say, each apparatus forms a separate and
complete heating plant, having its own water supply and source of heat, and
A further object
constituting in itself a complete circuit for the heating medium.
of the invention is to provide an improved syphonic arrangement for isolating the
supply tank or reservoir from the heating medium, in the apparatus, as well as to
allow of the expansion of the medium when heated; also to provide a more
efficient means for dealing with the products of combustion. The water heating
device constructed according to this invention may be applied to any existing
radiator which may be then cut off from the main circulation of a heating system
or be used in conjunction there with and in addition thereto as desired.

page_text: In the drawing accompanying this specification a water heating device is illustrated
in half vertical section and half side elevation as applied to a sectional radiator,
corresponding letters indicating corresponding parts.
The water heating device A is situated between any convenient number of heating
sections B of any type of radiator and may be supported between the adjacent
sections by the four connections C. The water heater A is preferably constituted by
a cylindrical casting D within which is situated a conical or taper tube E constituting
the combustion chamber and flue for the burner F which may be of the Bunsen or
any other type of heating burner. The annular space G between the cylindrical
member D and conical tube E constitutes the chamber or jacket in which the water
is heated and which communicates with the radiator sections by the connections C
aforesaid. The cylindrical member D has cast or fixed within it, at or near its upper
end, a plug H which is provided with an opening I for the tube E to pass through.
The plug H is formed in its upper surface with annular channels J and K the outer
one of which K communicates with the water jacket through a passage L formed in
the plug H. The other channel J is in communication with the water reservoir M
by means of a short pipe or extension of the reservoir N which depends into such
channel. The water reservoir M is supported upon the top of this cylindrical
member D or upon the outer edge of the plug Has the case may be a circumferential
water-tight joint O being made where the base of the reservoir is in contact with its
support. The tube E may be carried well up under the cover P of the reservoir for
a purpose hereinafter described.
The action of the apparatus will be as follows:-
Assuming the system to be filled with water, the gas having been ignited,
the products of combustion will pass upwards in the tube E and be delivered
into the water reservoir M, being deflected more or less on to the surface
of the liquid by the curvilinear shape of the cover P. Consequently such
products of combustion become considerably diminished before passing into the
atmosphere through apertures provided in the cover P. The system being
filled with liquid, the latter will expand upon becoming heated, the increased bulk
causing a flow to take place from the system up through the passage L into the
channel K, over the partition between the channels into the channel J, and down
under the lower edge of the pipe or extension N up into the reservoir M. If leakage
or evaporation, or contraction of medium should take place in the system then the
reservoir M will supply the deficiency a syphonic action causing a flow in the reverse
direction to that just previously described as will be understood by reference to the
drawing. The syphon constituted by the pipe N and channels J and K effects the
isolation of the contents of the reservoir from the circulating medium, as is the case
with the syphon tubes commonly employed. If desired, that portion of the tube E
which is in the reservoir M may be provided with a non-conducting covering so as
not to impart too much heat to the liquid in the reservoir. Obviously the tube E
need not necessarily enter the reservoir M but could be brought out at the side of
the casting D, also the products of combustion may be directly carried into the
atinosphere, and not first into the reservoir, whether the tube E pass into the latter
or not.
The burner F which may be of a Bunsen or any other suitable type, is provided
with an annular cup S of copper or suitable conducting material which is adapted
to catch the products of condensation which form in the combustion chamber when
the burner is first lighted. After the apparatus has become heated and the
condensation has ceased, the products contained in the cup S will be gradually
evaporated by the heat of the burner and pass away up the flue E.
In order to prevent to a certain extent the ignition of the gas at the burner whilst
the latter is beneath the combustion chamber, which would cause an explosion if gas
had previously escaped into such chamber, the burner S is carried by a pivotted
arm S, and the gas valve S³ is provided with a slender lever S+ which is
pushed over to S² to turn off the gas. When it is desired to ignite the
gas the burner is withdrawn from beneath the tube or chamber E by moving the

page_text: arm S² about its pivotal point the movement being also imparted to the lever St and
effecting the opening of the valve. If desired the edge of the cup S may be carried
close up to the base of the tube or chamber E so as to render it impossible to apply
a light to the burner whilst beneath such tube.
The heating device constructed according to this invention may have any desired
shape exteriorly so as to match if necessary the other sections of any radiator to
which it is to be applied. Thus the heating device may be applied to any existing
radiator without any serious structural alteration being required, and without
detracting from the neatness of the design of such radiator. Also, a self-heating
radiator is enabled to be constructed without casting the whole of the apparatus in a
special manner as has hitherto been necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A sectional hot water-radiator-provided in one of its-sections-with-means-for
heating the-water.
2. A hot-water-heater applicable to a radiator-as-an-anxiliary-section-or--as-its
prime-heater.
3. 1. A hot water heater comprising a combustion chamber of conical or other
vertical section, surrounded by a water jacket, closed at its upper end by a syphon
device.
4. 2. A hot water heater comprising a combustion chamber surrounded by a water
jacket closed at its upper end by a syphon device constituted by a plug provided
with two channels one of which is in communication with the water jacket and the other
with the water supply substantially as and for the purposes described.
3. A water heater comprising a combustion chamber surrounded by a water
jacket closed at its upper end by a syphon device constituted by a plug provided
with two channels one of which is in communication with the water jacket and the
other with the water supply tank which rests upon the outer edge of the plug
forming therewith a water-tight joint substantially as
and for the purposes
described.
6. 4. A water heater closed at the top by a syphon device and having a water
reservoir supported thereon and a flue communicating with the reservoir for the
discharge of the products of combustion over the water contained therein sub-
stantially as described.
5. In a water heater a cup for collecting condensation products supported in
such a position as to allow of the re-evaporation of such products substantially as
described and illustrated in the drawings.
6. In a water heater the combination with a reservoir of a flue and a cup for
receiving the products of condensation and situated so as to allow of their
re-evaporation substantially as described and illustrated in the drawings.
97. The complete hot water radiator substantially as described and illustrated
in the drawings.
Dated this 7th day of February. 1900.