A CERTAIN COMPOSITION MADE OF EARTH AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND THE MEANS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME INTO BASONS AND OTHER VESSELS, WHICH SO MANUFACTURED HATH THE POWER OF FILTERING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS IN A MORE CHEAP, EASY, AND CONVENIENT MANNER THAN WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS COULD THEN BE FILTERED
Year: 1790

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JoHANNA
HEMPEL, of the King's Privato Road, in the Parish of Saint Luke, Chelsca,
in the County of Middlesex, Potter, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Sixteenth day of October, in the thirtieth year of His reign, did give unto me,
the said Johanna Hempel, His special licence, that 1, the said Johanna
Hempel, during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A CERTAIN COMPOSITION MADE OF EARTH AND
OTHER MATERIALS, AND THE MEANS OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME INTO BASONS
AND OTHER VESSELS, WHICH SO MANUFACTURED HATH THE POWER OF FILTERING WATER
AND OTHER LIQUIDS IN A MORE CHEAP, EASY, AND CONVENIENT MANNER THAN WATER
OR OTHER LIQUIDS COULD THEN BE FILTERED;" in which said Letters Patent there
is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Johanna Hempel, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, to cause a particular description and
ascertainment of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within one calendar month after the date of the said Letters Patent,
as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, may more fully and at
large annear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of the said proviso, I, the said Johanna
Ilempel, do declare that the nature of my said Invention of the said Compo-
sition, and of the means of manufacturing the same as aforesaid, is described
and ascertained in manner following, that is to say:
The said basons or other vessels are, or may be, made with different compo-
sitions, according to the pleasure of the manufacturer, and also according to
their sizes, as every composition will not equally stand the fire without flying
or cracking, which depends on the size of the bason or vessel to be made; and
the quantities of each article to be used on each occasion is liable to a variation,
the knowledge of which is to be attained to only by practice and experience,
inasmuch as the materials do not always possess the same qualities or powers.
Tho basons or other vessels are formed, moulded, thrown, or turned in a potter's
wheel, according to the shape or size of the basons or other vessels, oval, round,
or otherwise, with or without a cover; likewise with or without a rim or border
round the edge, whereby the same may be hung, sustained, or rested in or on
a frame or other suitable or convenient stand or vessel. The composition out
of which the basons or other vessels for filtering water or other liquids are
thrown, turned, moulded, or formed, consists, in the first instance, as follows,
to wit: Four equal parts out of nine equal parts of tobacco pipe clay, and five
equal parts out of nine equal parts of coarse sca, river, drift, or pit sand; these
two materials, in the above proportions, are suflicient for the purpose of making
small basons and other vessels to contain a quantity of not exceeding one gallon
of water or other liquid. But the composition, when confined to these two
materials and in these proportions, often fly or crack in the fire, if larger
basons or other vessels are attempted to be made with them, and therefore, in
the second instance, the composition out of which the basons and other vessels
for filtering water or other liquids are thrown, turned, moulded, or formed,
consists as follows, to wit, of equal parts of tobacco pipe clay, and coarse sea,
river, drift, or pit sand. or, in the third instance, as follows, that is to say:
Three equal parts out of nine equal parts of tobacco pipe clay, one equal
part out of nine equal parts of Stourbridge clay, or clay from the surface of
coal mines, or any other clay of the same quality, one equal part out of pine
equal parts of Windsor or other loam of the same quality with Windsor loam,
and four equal parts out of nine equal parts of coarse river, sea, drift or pit
sand; or in the fourth instance as follows, to wit: Four equal parts out of eight
equal parts of tobacco pipe clay, three equal parts out of eight equal parts of
coarse, sea, river, drift or pit sand, and one equal part out of eight equal parts,
of that burnt ground clay of which crucibles are made. The busons and other
vessels which are made of the materials and in the proportions in the second,

page_text: third, and fourth instances above mentioned, will stand the heat of the fire
better than those made of the materials and in the proportions in the first
instance above mentioned; and therefore the materials in the second, third, and
fourth instances are better calculated for the making of larger basons and other
vessels than. those in the first instance are. For all and every and each of the
above four instances, the different parts of the said several and respective
compositions must be worked together, moulded, or formed as pottery is
usually worked, moulded, or formed; and when the vessels are of that degree
of dryness which is usual and well known in the formation of pottery, the
whole outside and inside surfaces are shaved or turned off on a potter's wheel
ready for burning, and when perfectly dry are burnt or baked in a potter's
kiln as other pottery are usually burnt or baked; but as some of the above
sorts of clay and composition differ in quality from each other, the quantities
of each sort to be taken or used must in some measure bo left to the expe-
rience and discretion of the maker, to compound them in such proportions as
to render the basons and other vessels fit for the intended purpose.
In witness whereof, I, the said Johanna Hempel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand seven hundred and ninety.