IMPROVEMENTS IN 'DREDGING APPARATUS
Year: 1885

page_text: .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I ALPHONZO BENJAMIN BOWERS a resident of San Francisco, in the County of
San Francisco and State of California, but temporarily residing at 633 F Street
NW Washington, in the District of Columbia and United States of America,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
'DREDGING APPARATUS" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
"
-
The invention consists of a rotary bottomless bucket excavator-wheel of moderate
size, novel construction and great capacity combined with a hydraulic transporting
device of equal capacity by means of which the spoils may be cheaply carried to a
distance of several miles over land or water and across navigable channels without
interruption of navigation together with novel feeding devices through which the
percentage of earth excavated by the cutting wheel and of the water therewith
delivered are adjustable to the precise amount of each necessary for most economical
working and by means of which clean work is done, the excavator going twice over
no ground and missing no ground thus saving much time and effecting a material
reduction in the cost of apparatus, repairs and cost of dredging and of disposing of
the spoils, these being the chief objects of the invention
Fig 1 is a plan of a portion of my dredging apparatus
Fig 2 is a vertical "fore and aft" section of a portion of the hull through the
well in which rotates the turn table with a side view of the turn table, vertical
anchors and hosting apparatus
Fig 3 is a vertical cross section of a portion of the hull through the counter-
balance cylinder and longitudinal well showing also an end view of the bucket
wheel and the arrangement of the counter balance and hoisting apparatus
Fig 418 a view of the inner chamber or shield around which the bucket wheel
usually revolves Fig 5 is a longitudinal section through the discal ends of the
bucket wheel in the liness Fig 8 showing also where the shaft R is secured to
the hub of the cutting-wheel and the outlines of two of the buckets & connecting
the discal ends b b Between these buckets is shown a longitudinal section of the
inner chamber T and shaft R and bearing of this shaft R¹
j
Fig 6 is a side view of the bucket wheel excavator

page_text: Fig 7 is a cross-section of the bucket wheel inner chamber and driving shaft
through the line tt Fig 6 Fig 8 18 a view of the outer discal end of the bucket
wheel showing a detachable ring knife d and cutting lips c
Fig 9 18 a reduced side view of the dredge boat A vertical anchors G G" flexible
connection D floating and oscillating discharge pipe C¹ supported by hollow floats P
flexible connection D¹ between the oscillating and non-oscillating sections of the
discharge pipe, mud receiver X (the details of which are shown in Figs 13 & 14),
suspended discharge pipe 3 with its buoys 4, 4, submerged discharge pipe 5, resting
upon the bottom (over which a vessel is represented as passing) and guys 6, 6, for
holding the discharge pipe in proper position.
Fig 10 is a plan of the dredging and transporting apparatus showing also a
representation of a vessel passing over the discharge pipe and of the cut made by
the dredger as it swings from side to side
Fig 11 is an enlarged cross section of the discharge pipe C and hollow floats P
Fig 12 is a view of the under part of a section of the discharge pipe showing
numerous openings therein for the escape of the heavier and coarser material while
the water and lighter material are propelled onward to a further point of discharge
I do not confine myself to any peculiar form or arrangement of openings one or
more of which may be placed anywhere along said conduit where it may be desirable
to discharge a portion of the spoils
Fig 13 is an enlarged side and part sectional view of the mud receiver, with its
pipes, valves and relay-pump showing how the charging and discharging of a large
receiver may be facilitated by the duplication of the branches and valves Y Z
Fig 14 is an enlarged cross section of the mud-receiver X
In all these figures like letters indicate like parts.
A is a floating vessel that carries the engines boilers and dredging machinery
It is shown in this instance with an elongated longitudinal well for the reception
of the swinging portion of the suction pipe.
B is a large pump that draws the spoils from the buckets of the excavator up
the suction pipe and forces them through the discharge pipe to a place of deposit.
B' Fig 13 is a relay pump or other auxiliary discharging apparatus sometimes
used in connection with a primary transporting apparatus to carry the spoils to a
greater distance than could conveniently be done by the original agent, power or
pump, or than would be practicable without subjecting the apparatus to a pressure
that might endanger some of the parts, or without the use of heavier or more
expensive apparatus than would be desirable for ordinary purposes
It may also be used for discharging the receiver X and for exhausting water
from pipe C (when said pipe is submerged) for the purpose of raising it As many
of these pumps may be used as are necessary to transport the spoil to the required
distance
C is a suction pipe connecting the excavator with the pump B. The swinging
portion of this pipe is mounted at the inner end of the well upon strong trunnions,
one of which forms an elbow of the pipe and passes through a stuffing box or other
suitable connection into the suction pipe of the pump B. Through the other
trunnion passes a shaft that actuates the gears that drive the shaft R and bucket
wheel E and upon these trunnions the shaft R suction pipe and excavator, swing
as the cutter is raised or lowered to suit the depth at which the work is pro-
gressing
C is a discharge pipe It is provided with a strong flexible section D or other
suitable joint or mounting at or near the turn table F or other pivot or center of
Oscillation of the dredging machine, or excavating apparatus and is constructed and
arranged to permit said apparatus or machine to swing horizontally upon said pivot
or pivots without materially changing the position of said discharge pipe beyond
said mounting, flexible connection, pivot or pivots.
When this pipe is several hundred feet in length, I usually support the inner
portion by long narrow hollow floats, in which case it consists of two parts an inner
3

page_text: oscillating or swinging section (generally composed of several short sections flexibly
Joined to each other and to the dredge boat,) and an outer stationary or non
oscillating section flexibly joined to said inner section This permits the boat to
feed forward and the oscillating section to swing (with the advancing boat) on the
Joint connecting the oscillating and non-oscillating sections The discharge pipe is
provided with the pressure gage 7 to give notice of over-pressure and danger of
choking of pipe fiom any sudden change in character of spoil When pipe C¹ 18
above deck and extends but a short distance from the mounting D for discharging
along-side it requires supporting and 18 usually suspended from a mast
C¹ is a pipe passing through the receiver X to the exhausting apparatus of said
receiver When used in connection with the pipe C¹ it may be regarded as the
prolongation of said pipe
C² 18 an auxiliary discharge pipe used in connection with any suitable auxiliary
transporting apparatus and extends from said auxiliary to another auxiliary trans-
porting agent or apparatus or to a place of deposit
C³ Fig 10 is a discharge pipe extending from a second relay discharge apparatus
to a place of deposit
When a floating discharge pipe would impede navigation the greater portion may
le upon the bottom 5 Fig 9, and when the water is too deep for this it may be
suspended from the buoys 4, 4, Fig 9, and guys and anchors 6, may if necessary be
used to prevent the discharge pipe from being disturbed by winds, waves or
currents
A pump or air-forcing apparatus, connected with this pipe may be used to with-
draw or expel the contents, and by filling the pipe with air cause it to rise by the
buoyancy thereof, When the pipe is to be submerged it may be advisable to con-
struct it of thin metallic plates uniting the several sections with ball and socket or
other strong flexible connections In other cases it may be made of wood or metal
according to the preferences of the user
E 18 a rotary bucket wheel excavator having radiating bottomless buckets k Figs
1, 5, 6 and 7 firmly secured at each end to the discal ends b b of said excavator
These buckets may be stiffened, strengthened and protected by rings or screens d
passing around, secured to and preferably projecting beyond the edges of said
buckets, Figs 1, 5, 6, 7, & 8 These rings may be sharp to cut like the revolving
disc coulters of plows, and serve to subdivide the material entering the buckets and
to exclude substances too hard to be cut and too coarse to pass through the pipe
and pump They serve also as fenders to enable the cutter to ride over obstrac-
tions without catching and breaking The edges of the buckets are sharp and may
be provided with detachable steel knives or cutters S Fig 6 for working, in bard
material
The outer discal end Figs 1, 3, 6, 8 may be provided with cutting edges, lips or
scoops to obviate the danger of breakage from Jamming against a hard bank as the
dredger heaves in the swell of the sea. In making the necessary openings, in the
discal end to admit the silt from said scoops, said end plate becomes changed to
the form of a spider or series of arins which may be strengthened by the lower
ring d, which may in turn be regarded as forming a series of braces, extending
between the said arms at or near their outer parts. The several parts of this
excavator may be made separate and detachable or it may be cast in a single piece
I do not confine myself to the precise mode described of mounting this excavator
wheel or of freeing it of its contents It may be of any desired size and proportions-
of parts, and may discharge its contents inward through itself into any suitable
conduit or receiver The rings & may be omitted in soft mud free from substances
too coarse to pass through the pipe and pump, though always at the risk of the
projecting buckets catching upon obstructions and getting broken F, Figs 1, 2, 10
is a small cylindrical turn-table rotating in a circular well or frame. It is provided
with a strong flange or other suitable bearing and is rotated in any convenient
manner Two or more vertical apertures e, e pass through the turn table from top,

page_text: to bottom on opposite sides as shown Anti-friction devices may be placed between
the turn-table and its bearings G G³ Figs 2,9 are vertical anchors passing loosely
through the apertures ee in the turn-table into the mud below They are raised by
blocks and tackle attached to the mast for in any other usual manner
H is a counter-balance cylinder connected with the suction pipe, excavator and
hoisting apparatus, to obviate the danger of breakage from pounding upon the
bottom in a heavy swell It is provided with a piston, piston rod and gland like a
steam engine
Steam or compressed air is admitted to the upper side of the piston,
the area of which is suthcient very nearly to balance under the given pressure, the
weight of the suction pipe and excavator To the upper end of the piston 18
attached the hawser L passing over suitable sheaves in the frame K thence through
the block g Fig 3 whence it passes over other sheaves in said frame to the wind-
lass J by which means the excavator can be raised or lowered by said windlass
without interrupting the action of the counter balance
When the dredger rises on a swell, the excavator rises also, and as the dredger
sinks in the trough of the sea the excavator falls upon the bottom not with the full
weight of the excavator and suction pipe, but with the unbalanced weight only
This device 18
striking so lightly as not to endanger the safety of the wheel
necessary only when dredging a hard bottom in a heavy swell. When not required
for this purpose the cylinder H may be utilized as a steam or hydraulic hoist or be
dispensed with altogether
I is a variable winding device of which there are many suitable forms I prefer
ordinary winding drums driven by a separate engine though for simplicity of
illustration, I have shown tapering drums h h. loosely mounted on a shaft and
driven (through friction couplings and suitable connections) by the main engine
The disengaged drum gives out one warping line as the engaged drum takes in the
The office of this device is to vary the speed of the side-feed for the purpose
of regulating the percentages of earth and water delivered to the pump, (without
affecting the speed of other parts of the machine) This speed (with the device
shown) is dependent upon the diameter upon which the warping lines wind and is
varied by shifting the sliding guide sheaves 11, toward or from the larger ends of
the drums by means of the hand-wheels and screws as shown.
other
J is a windlass for raising and lowering the excavator
K 18 a frame from which the suction pipe and excavator are suspended. L is a
line or chain for raising lowering and counterbalancing the excavator
MM are warping lines passing from the hold to the winding drums h_h_around
which they make a sufficient number of turns to prevent slipping, whence they
pass around suitable guide sheaves to and through the anchored blocks U U to
the outer end of the suction pipe to which they are secured so that the working
side-strain falls mostly upon the outer end of the suction pipe (or of the ladder
supporting said suction pipe if such be used), and but lightly upon the joints or
trunnions supporting the inner ends of said pipe or ladder, As the outer ends of
these lines wind upon the drums (in the device shown,) the inner ends unwind and
descend to the hold The office of these lines is to swing the excavating apparatus,
or the dredger, from side to side in the process of dredging, and firmly to anchor
the excavator end of the dredger when it is not at work which latter is accomplished
by simply engaging both drums h h in their friction couplings
N 18 a force and suction pump It is used to exhaust the water from the
discharge pipe for the purpose of raising the submerged portion, to, dilute the
spoils so that they will spread over a large area of land, or to enable them to be
transported through long pipes without the aid of a relay-pump, to clear the pipes
B the
pump
when accidentally choked, should this ever occur and to prime the
latter, or the suction pipe being provided with a valve or valves for this purpose
Like most steam-pumps i
which may be located at the points A* or A° or both
18 provided with two suction orifices on opposite sides of the water chamber and a
discharge directly over each suction. To the suction and discharge on one side u

page_text: 'connected the branch pipe O leading into the pipe C Each branch is provided
with valves in the usual manner of arranging a branch pipe to serve for suction
and discharge The discharge branch only is shown the suction being directly
under it To the suction on the other side of the water chamber is secured a valve
and pipe communicating with any suitable supply of water, (usually that in which
the dredger floats) and sometimes by a branch pipe and valve with the hold of the
vessel for discharging leakage, and by another branch and valve with pump B for
priming said pump by suction To the discharge above this suction is connected a
pipe or hose that may also be used for priming the pump B by discharging into it and
for all the various purposes of an ordinary ship pump When O is used as a suction
pipe to draw from pipe C¹ the valve on the discharge branch is closed the suction
branch valve is opened and the discharge is through the pipe or hose on the
opposite side When O is used as a discharge pipe to force into pipe C³, the suction
branch valve is closed the discharge branch valve is opened, and the suction is
through the opposite suction pipe When the suction is through the pipe opposite
the suction branch of pipe O, the discharge may be through the pipe or hose above
it or through the discharge branch of O, into pipe C' as regulated by the valves to
Buit the purposes of the user
O is a pipe with branches and valves connecting both suction and discharge on
one side of the pump N with pipe C¹ and is either a suction or discharge pipe as
regulated by its valves
PP are long narrow hollow floats, preferably extending longitudinally along each
side of the short sections of the discharge pipe for supporting them on the water
They may be made of wood, or metal and be secured together and to the discharge
pipe by pieces of scantling passing crosswise over and under the pipe and floats and
fastened with rods passing each side of the pipe and floats as shown in Fig 11,
though I do not confine myself to this form of construction
Q1s a pulley or gear for actuating the gears and excavator E It may be
connected with its shaft by a friction coupling-R is the driving shaft of the
bucket wheel It is keyed or otherwise secured to the hub of the wheel whence it
passes through suitable bearings in the inner chamber up the suction pipe and
through a stuffing box to the gears by which it is actuated
S is a strong detachable steel knife sometimes used on the edges of the buckets
when working in hard material. It may be serrated, chisel-toothed or straight-edged,
according to the character of the materials to be cut a straight edge being preferable
for ordinary work
Tis an inner chamber or shield around which the bucket wheel revolves and into
which it discharges This chamber is provided with a strong flange by which it is
secured to a similar flange on the end of the suction pipe It is also provided with
a large opening a Figs. 4, 7 through which the spoils enter from the buckets, and
through this opening Fig 4 is seen a portion of the driving shaft R and the bearing
of said shaft in the end of said chambei 'This chamber or shield forms a
bottom for the buckets k until they reach the opening a as shown in the cross
section of the wheel and chamber Fig, 7 As the buckets pass this opening they
discharge mud and water into the chamber as indicated by the inner arrows the
outer arrow showing the direction of rotation
The office, in part of this chamber or shield is to prevent too large a percentage
of water from entering with the mud, but when the spoils are of a character to
require a large percentage of water to carry them up the suction pipe or to send
them through the discharge pipe, as may sometimes be the case, the chamber may
be cut away until only enough remains to support the excavator and shaft R or
any other suitable bearing or support may be substituted
U U are blocks anchored at suitable points on each side of the dredger through
which pass the warping lines M M for the purpose of swinging the dredger, or the
excavating apparatus from side to side They are usually placed from 300 to 600
feet apart and a little in advance of the ends of the first cuts made by the

page_text: excavator to allow a wide swing and avoid the necessity for too frequent change
of place as the work progresses.
V 18 a branch pipe and valve through which samples of the spoils are drawn from
the discharge pipe to enable the operator properly to regulate the speed of the side
feed. It is placed about one-third the diameter of the discharge pipe from the
lower side of said pipe, in order to secure a fair average sample W is a small tank
resting upon scales It is provided with a discharge pipe and valve It is filled
with spoils drawn from the discharge pipe through the branch and valve V and the
speed of the side-feed is increased or diminished according to the weight of the
spoils X is a floating mud-receiver carrying the relay pump or other auxiliary
discharging apparatus B and its actuating machinery The main purpose of this
receiver is to permit the excavator to run continuously although the relay pump be
stopped for a little time the receiver affording a receptacle for the spoils in the
mean time Longitudinally through this receiver passes the pipe C to the
auxiliary discharging apparatus B³ whence the pipe C extends to another
auxiliary discharging apparatus, or to a place of deposit, Y 18 a valve on the
pipe C within the receiver X This valve is adjusted to open automatically out-
ward with slight pressure and serves as a relief valve in case of stoppage of the
pump B¹ while the pump B is running It serves also as a guide to regulate the
speed of pump B¹ which should be increased beyond that necessary for preventing the
opening of this valve in order to aid by suction as well as forcing This valve may
be set wide open for the purpose of filling the receiver and may be securely closed
when the pump B is used to force the material into the pump B¹ for the purpose
of increasing the efficiency of the latter It is also opened to admit air into the
discharge pipe when the water is to be withdrawn therefrom by pump N
Z is a branch and valve through which mud is drawn from the receiver to be
discharged through the pipe ୯
Z is a branch and valve for admitting water to wash out the pipe C³ after the
mud has been discharged from the receiver
Za is a valve for closing the pipe C₁ while the mud receiver is being discharged
or when said receiver is disconnected from the pipe C¹ and takes the mud directly
from the dumping or dredging apparatus
Z is a pipe and valve used for admitting water through the bottom of the
receiver for the purpose of diluting the mud when it is too stiff to pass freely up
the branch Z It may have branch pipes with numerous small openings for the
more thorough dilution of the spoils This receiver may be used in connection
with any dredging apparatus for continuous transportation of the spoils through
pipes as the work progresses, or it may be filled, towed to the place of deposit and
there be connected with a discharge pipe for putting the spoils on shore
The operation of dredging is as follows
-
The vertical anchors and excavator being raised to allow freedom of motion the
dredger is placed in position with the turn table in line with the longitudinal axis
of the proposed cut The turn-table is then rotated until the vertical anchors are
also in line with said axis, and both anchors are then dropped into the mud The
discharge pipe is placed in position the blocks UU anchored at suitable points for
swinging the machine and the dredger swung round until the excavator reaches
the side of the proposed cut as shown in Fig 10 The lines M. M are drawn taut
and the excavator lowered below the surface of the water The pump B is then
primed started and the excavator set in motion and lowered its entire diameter
into the mud The proper winding drum is then engaged and the dredger swinging
on the turn table as a pivot or center of oscillation, rapidly cuts its way to the
opposite side
To secure a steady side feed, the friction coupling of the unwinding
drum may be adjusted to keep the unwinding line sufficiently taut to prevent
veering of the dredger with wind or tide Upon reaching the opposite side, the
winding drum 18 disengaged, the excavator again lowered its full diameter, the side
feed reversed and the dredger cuts back again. This process is repeated untal the

page_text: proper depth is obtained
The excavator is then raised above the bank in front,
the anchor G raised as shown in Fig, 2 and the turn-table rotated upon the
anchor G³ until G is squarely in front of G' in line with the longitudinal axis of
the proposed excavation as indicated by the broken lined outline G Fig 2 G 1s
then dropped into the mud and the work proceeds as before, the dredger having
been fed forward the distance between the centers of the vertical anchors, which 18
fixed to correspond with the cut capable of being made by the excavator This
arrangement for feeding forward keeps the center of oscillation of the dredger
coincident with that from which the arc to be cut by the excavator should be
described
A less perfect forward feed is secured by placing the dredger so that the
excavator is at the side, and the turn table in line with the longitudinal axis of the
proposed excavation The turn-table is then rotated until the vertical anchors
are in a line parallel with the transverse axis of the dredger where it is made
stationary This leaves one anchor diagonally in advance of the other the dredger
lying diagonally across one-half of the line of the proposed excavation The forward
anchor is now dropped into the mud to form a pivot upon which the dredger swings
as it cuts to the opposite side The dredger then lies diagonally across the other
half of the line of the proposed excavation, the swing having brought the rear
anchor to the front This anchor in its turn is dropped to form a new pivot and
the other anchor is then raised The dredger swings first upon one and then upon
the other anchor these anchors being alternately raised and lowered for this
purpose As this mode of feeding by swinging alternately upon two different
pivots, gives a wedge-shaped cut requiring two full swings to make one full cut it
18 equivalent to a loss of one-half of the time and is used only to prevent stoppage
of work when the apparatus for rotating the turn table is stopped for repairs or
other cause in which case it becomes valuable
When the discharge pipe is submerged, it may be raised by exhausting the
contents, thus drawing in air or by forcing in air, thus expelling the semi-fluid
contents and imparting buoyancy
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1 A dredge boat having a turn-table, which table is provided with an anchoring
device
2 A dredge boat having a turn-table provided with a vertical anchoring device,
and mechanism for oscillating the boat about the turn table.
3 A dredge boat having a turn table provided with anchoring device, and
mechanism for turning the table with reference to the boat.
4 A dredge boat having a portion thereof resting against a pivot forming a
center of horizontal oscillation and independently variable feed mechanism for
oscillating the boat about such pivot
5 A dredge boat having center of oscillation within its periphery, and an
independently variable feed mechanism to move the boat about this center
6 A dredge boat having a center of oscillation, independently variable boat
Oscillating mechanism and suction pipe and exhaust apparatus
7 A dredge boat having a contained center of oscillation, a suction mud raising
and a forcing apparatus and a conduit flexibly jointed to said forcing apparatus at
01 near the center of oscillation of the boat.
8 In combination with an apparatus for transporting earthy and semi-liquid
material, a submerged conduit suspended from buoys or floats
9 A relay pump for renewed propulsion flexibly joined to the discharge pipe of
a mud-transporting apparatus to permit said pipe and transporting apparatus to
Oscillate while the relay pump remains stationary.

page_text: 10 A mud-forcing apparatus, having a closed conveying pipe leading therefrom
and a sampling pipe and valve connected to the closed pipe
11 In combination with a mud-excavating and discharging apparatus and
discharge pipe, the weighing tank W substantially as and for the purpose
described
12 In combination with mud-conveying pipe C¹, the pump N and its connections,
substantially as and for the purpose specified
13 A force and suction pump, in combination with pipe C and arranged to
force into or draw from said pipe as regulated by the valves
14 A suction pump, in combination with mud-conveying pipe C¹ and arranged
to exhaust from said pipe for the purpose specified
15 In combination with a mud-forcing apparatus having a submerged discharge
pipe, a pump arranged to raise said pipe by substituting air for the liquid contents
16 A rotary bottomless-bucket excavator-wheel having detachable cutting edges
secured to said buckets, with driving shaft and suitable bearings, in combination
with a suction pipe, exhausting apparatus, and dredge boat
17 A rotary excavator having ring-knives d arranged at intervals around its
periphery to slice and subdivide the material to enter the conduit
18 Cutting, protecting, screening knives passing across the mouth and secured
to, an excavating bucket
19 An excavating bucket provided with a screen or bars for screening the
material and preventing the coarsei portions from entering said bucket
20 An excavating bucket provided with a fender or fenders to prevent said
bucket from catching on obstructions
21 A rotary excavating device having fenders to prevent the excavator from
catching on obstructions
22 Å rotary bottomless-bucket, excavator-wheel provided with a mud conveying
pipe and ring-knives & substantially as described
23 A 1otary bottomless-bucket, excavator wheel having ring knives d, detach-
able knives S and cutting lips c substantially as set forth
24 The self-adjusting counter-balance H in combination with hawser L and
a dredging device substantially as described
25 The combination with the excavator, of a hawser L pissing from a counter
balance through the suspending block g and around suitable guiding sheaves, to
the hoisting apparatus to raise and lower the excavating apparatus without inter-
rupting the action of the counter-balance
26 A dredge boat having a rotary excavator and suction pipe and a hydraulic
hoist connected with the suction pipe
27 In combination with a dredge boat winding-drums and warping lines, the
blocks U U anchored substantially as described
28 In combination with a mud-transporting apparatus and discharge pipe
having branches and valves as described and reliy pump, the mud-receiver ✗
substantially as and for the purpose set forth
29 In combination with a dredging machine, discharging apparatus and relay
pump, a floating vessel carrying said relay pump
30 In combination with a dredge boat, and discharge pipe, the relief valve Y
for the purposes specified
31 In combination with a floating mud-barge having inlet and valve Z³ and
a pipe through which the spoils are withdrawn, the pump B' or equivalent
exhausting apparatus
32 A floating mud-barge having an exhausting device and suction pipe with
branches and valves Z Z as and for the purpose set forth
33 In a floating mud-receiver having inlet and valve Z³, the pipe C', with its
branches and valves and an exhausting apparatus for withdrawing the spoils
34 A floating vessel provided with a mud forcing apparatus, in combination
with a dredge boat, to continuously receive and transport through a discharge pipe
to a place of deposit the spoils as delivered by said dredge-boat.

page_text: 35 The method of delivering spoils from a dredge which consists in propelling
the same continuously through a delivery pipe having a relief valve and receiver
to provide for excess of material or pressure
36 The system of delivering semi-fluid material from a dredge, which consists
in propelling the same through a submerged pipe across a navigable channel.
37 A rotary excavator-wheel composed of disks and curved metallic plates
arranged between the same and forming therewith bottomless buckets as set forth
38 A rotary bottomless bucket excavator with inward delivery, in combination
with non-rotating suction pipe centrally arranged therewith
39 A dredge boat having a turn table provided with two or more vertical
anchors and mechanism for turning said table upon either of said anchors.