IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN SHIDS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Russell and Francis Curtis, both of the City of
Newburyport, State of Massachusetts, United States of America for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN
SHIDS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left. by the said Albert Russell and Francis
Curtis at the Office of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 20th March
1883.
ALBERT RUSSELL and FRANCIS CURTIS, both of the City of Newburyport,
State of Massachusetts, United States of America. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN SHIPS
"
Our invention relates to pumps especially adapted for use in ships, but also
suitable for other purposes.
The object of our said invention is to so construct and arrange the several parts
of a pump as to secure great economy in its manufacture, with respect to both
labor and material, and to produce a pump- of great practical efficiency and
durability, easily operated and readily kept in good working condition.
Our invention consists essentially in certain improvements in the construction
arrangement, and combination of the several parts of the said pumps
:
According to the said invention the barrel, the bowl having a spout, the base the
lower valve-seat, and a tubular extension are all cast in one piece; lugs are also
cast therewith to receive bolts or screws for fastening the pump in position. Ears
are cast on the upper edge of the bowl, two on each of two opposite sides thereof,
for receiving the pivot of the beam. Thus the said beam may be pivoted, and
operated at either of the two sides of the pump desired
The barrel of the pump is lined with sheet brass, or other suitable sheet material,
as follows, that is to say. the cast barrel is first bored out. A piece of the sheet
material is cut of the right size, bent around, inserted in the barrel,, and then
expanded and pressed closely against the inner surface of the said barrel by means
of rollers or burnishers, thus forming the lining. By this, rolling and stretching

page_text: -
process the lining is firmly secured in the pump without any other fastening,
whether by soldering or otherwise, either at the ends or edges of the sheet, the
ends being simply butted and pressed together. Thus a cylindrical and smooth
internal surface is obtained, the lining requiring no other finish than is given by
means of the rollers or expanders. A shoulder may be formed in the interior of
the pump to extend over the upper edge of the lining if desirable, Since this lining
cannot be easily applied to a pump that has a bottom or base cast with it and has
a barrel of great length, we make the pump short by means of the devices herein
specified
+
In the lower valve seat is a valve. This valve is in two pieces held in proper
relative position and drawn towards each other by means of a screw. The packing
is an annular disc of leather or other suitable material clamped between the said
pieces by means of the screw and extending over the said seat. The central parts
of the said pieces are depressed so as to bring the centre of the weight of the valve
as low down as possible that the valve may be best kept in place and true working
position by lugs cast with one of the said pieces extending into, and guided by, the
said tubular extension. The two parts of the valve may, if desired, be cast together
in one piece, and the screw be dispensed with. With such construction the
annular disc forming the packing would be of the size and only of such width as
to be pressed on the valve and to come between the flange of the valve, and the
seat therefor.
•
The body, the standards, and the cross-bar of the bucket and its bail are cast
in one piece. The body of the bucket has an inner tubular part, at the upper
portion of which is a valve-seat.-There is, also, an annular part, which,"
being turned down outwardly, gives a dome-shape to the body of the bucket.
In the outer edge-face of the bucket is a square or rectangular groove in
which packing is placed. By thus dropping the outer edge and packing
of the bucket as low down as possible, with reference to the remainder
of the bucket, the barrel of the pump may be made very short, and the
bearing of the bucket or packing against the interior of the barrel is in the
best possible position for working evenly. To prevent air from accumulating in
the annular space between the inner tubular part and the annular part and thus
displacing water therefrom and from below the bucket, one or more openings are
made, extending from the said space to the central opening of the bucket below
the valve..
The valve of the bucket is of similar construction to that of the lower valve and
has packing fitted thereto in a similar manner.
The lower valve is smaller than
the bucket valve so that the lower, as well as the upper, valve may be removed
from the pump without removing the bucket.
The lower edge of the cross-bar of the bail of the bucket, is V-shaped. The
upper side of this cross-bar is of a slightly curved form. The beam has a V-shaped
groove in which the V edge of the bail rests and moves. The said beam is
constructed to extend over, and bear against the upper side of the bail and is open
at the outer end or it may be open at the upper and inner part, whereby the said
beam may be in the form of a hook, so that when the pivot, which extends
through the ears and the beam is removed, the latter may be readily placed or
hooked on the bucket-bail, or removed or unhooked therefrom. The V-shaped edge
of the bail and of the groove in the beam (corresponding to the parts forming
similar bearings in steel yards) form an important feature of our invention, since
the pump may thus be operated with the least friction at this point, and the
bearing parts are easily constructed being cast in chills and requiring no further
finish. The metal of these parts being hardened they are very durable
The actuating lever is made tapering at the end where it enters the beam so as
to fit a tapering recess therein, and thus be readily inserted in, or withdrawn from,
the said beam.
The packing in the square or rectangular groove is made of a strip of suitable

page_text: material (preferably sheets of cloth cemented with india-rabber,) rectangular in
cross-section, corresponding to the shape of the groove in the edge-face of the
bucket. This strip, having been cut of suitable length from a straight piece, is
bent around and pressed into the groove. It makes a close joint, even when
partially worn away, since it has a constant tendency, to spring outward and fit
closely against the barrel, the upper and lower sides of the groove being, parallel,
allowing such motion of the packing. This packing is of small cost and may be
readily renewed.
We do not limit ourselves to the precise details of construction and arrangement
in all respects as above described, since the pump may be somewhat modified and
embody one, or a number, of the several parts.

page_text: on the fyth September 1883.
ALBERT RUSSELL and FRANCIS CURTIS, both of the City of Newburyport, state
of Massachusetts, United States of America. IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS, CHIEFLY
DESIGNED FOR USE IN SHIPS."
Our invention relates to pumps specially adapted for use on board ship but also
suitable for other purposes; and consists essentially in the novel construction and
arrangement of parts as hereinafter described.
The object of our said invention is to so construct and arrange the several parts
of the pump as to secure great economy in its manufacture both with regard
to labor and material, and to produce a pump of great practical efficiency and
durability, and one easily operated and readily kept in working condition.
In the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a plan or top view of a pump constructed according to our invention,
and
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same
Figures 3 and 4 are central vertical sections at right angles to each other
Figure 5 is a perspective viêw of the lining after having been cut from the
sheet.
Figure 6 is a similar view of the lining after it has been bent around for
insertion into the barrel, and
Figure 7 is also a perspective view of the lining after having been rolled into
place in the barrel.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of the packing before it is bent, and
Figure 9 shows the packing for the groove of the bucket.
The barrel A, the bowl B, the base C, the lower-valve seat D, and the tubular
extension E are all cast in one piece, having also cast therewith the lugs a. a which
receive bolts or screws for fastening the pump in position, and ears b, b, b, b, two
on each of two opposite sides of the bowl, as shown, for receiving the pivot-
pin c of the half-beam F. This half-beam and brake may be pivoted and operated
at either of these two sides at will.
The barrel of the pump is lined with sheet-brass or other suitable sheet material,
as follows, that is to say-The cast barrel is first bored out, and then a piece of
the sheet material d, cut of the right size and shape and bent around, is expanded
and pressed closely against the inner surface of the barrel by means of rollers or
burnishers, there being a shoulder e in the pump-barrel or not as deemed best.
Thus by this stretching process the lining is firmly secured in the pump without
any other fastening, as by soldering or otherwise, either at the ends or edges of
the sheet, and it makes a cylindrical and smooth interior surface without any
other finish than by means of the expanders. Since this lining cannot easily be
worked into a pump that has its bottom or base C cast on and has a barrel of
ordinary length, we make the pump short by means of the devices herein specified.
On the seat D is the lower valve G. This valve is of two pieces f and g, held
in proper relative position and drawn toward each other by means of a screw h
having as packing an annular disc i of suitable material, clamped between the
pieces and g by means of the screw h, and extending over the seat D. The
central parts of the pieces ƒ and g are depressed, so as to bring the weight of the
valve as low down as possible, that it may be best kept in place by the lugs j, cast
with the piece g, extending into and guided by the tubular extension E, and also
to bring the head of the screw h down out of the way of the bucket or its valve.

page_text: The body H, the standards I I, and the cross-bar J of the bucket and its bail
are cast together as one piece. The body H of the bucket has an inner tubular
part k, at the upper portion of which is the valve-seat and the annular part m,
which, being turned outwardly downward as shown, gives a dome shape to the
bucket. In the outer edge face of the bucket a square or rectangular groove in
which is the packing K. By thus dropping the outer edge and packing of the
bucket as low down as possible with reference to the remainder of the bucket, the
barrel of the pump may be made very short, and the bearing of the bucket or
packing is in the best position for working evenly. To prevent air from accumu-
lating and thus displacing water below the bucket and in the annular space n, one
or more openings o are made, extending from the said space to the central opening
of the bucket.
The valve L of the bucket is of similar construction to the lower valve G, and
has the packing p held therein in a similar manner. The valve G is smaller than
the valve L, so that the lower as well as the upper valve may be removed from the
pump without removing the bucket. The bucket may be cast with ears in the
usual manner for a pin-joint, and connected to a similar device on the beam by a
joint-pin. Such construction has some advantages; but we prefer the construction
shown, wherein the upper part or cross-bar J of the bail is of a peculiar form.
The lower edge q is V-shaped while the upper sider is of a slightly curved form.
The half-beam F has a V-shaped grooves in which the V-edge of the bail sets
and plays, and is formed at t to extend over and bear against the upper side r of
the bail. The half-beam is open at the outer end, or may be open at the upper
and inner part, whereby the said balf-beam may be in the form of a hook, so that,
when the pivot-pin c which extends through the ears b and the half-beam, is
removed, the half-beam may be readily hooked on, or unhooked from, the bucket-
bail. The V-shaped edge of the bail and of the groove in the half-beam, corresponding
to the parts forming similar bearings in steelyards, forms an important feature in
our pump, since thus it may be operated with the least friction at this point, and
the bearing parts are easily constructed, being cast in chills and requiring no
further finish. The metal of these parts being hardened, they are very durable.
The brake or lever M is made tapering at this end, so as to fit the tapering recess
in the half-beam F, and thus be easily inserted in, or withdrawn from, the said
half-beam.
The packing K is made of a strip of suitable material, preferably sheets of cloth
cemented with india-rubber, rectangular in cross-section, and corresponding to the
shape of the groove in the edge face of the bucket. This strip, being cut of
suitable length, is bent around from a straight piece and pressed into the groove.
Thus it makes a close joint, even though partially worn, since it has a constant
tendency to spring outward and fit closely against the barrel, the upper and lower
sides of the groove, being parallel, allowing such motion of the packing. This
packing is economical in first cost, and may be readily and cheaply renewed.
Having thus fully described our said invention and the manner of performing
the same we wish it understood that we Claim.
First. In a pump, the combination of a bucket and balf-beam operating jointly
in the manner specified, the bail of the said bucket having a V-shaped edge bearing
in a V-shaped groove in the said half-beam, substantially as, and for the purpose,
set forth.
Second. The combination of the bucket, the bail of which has a V-shaped edge q
and a curved surface r, with the half-beam having a V-shaped grooves, and formed
at t to extend over and bear against the upper side of the bucket-bail, substantially
as specified.
Third. A pump-bucket having a bail which is cast in one piece with the body
of the bucket, said bail having cast therewith one of the two parts forming
the joint at the juncture of the bail with the beam or half-beam, in combination
with a beam or half-beam having formed as one piece therewith the other of the

page_text: .
said two parts, so that the said joint may be complete without the intervention
of another or third piece, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. In a pump, a bucket having a bail cast in one piece with the body of
the bucket, the upper part or cross-bar of the said bail having a V-shaped edge
which is bardened or chilled in the casting, substantially as specified.
Fifth. In a pump, a bucket externally dome-shaped, that to say having the
exterior or upper surface of the annular part m turned down outwardly, so as to
bring the outer edge face and packing at or near the bottom of the bucket,
substantially as set forth.
Sixth. A pump-bucket having a channel, pocket, or annular space capable of
retaining air below the bucket, and one or more openings or ports o leading from
the said channel, pocket, or annular space to the central opening or space imme-
diately below the valve, substantially as described.
Seventh. A pump-bucket dome-shaped, that is having an annular part m turned
down outwardly, as specified, and having a rectangular groove in its edge face, in
combination with a flexible packing-piece of cloth cemented with india-rubber, or
of material having a like elasticity, rectangular in cross-section, and adapted to fit
the said groove and fill the space between the upper and lower surfaces thereof,
substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Eighth. A lift or ship's pump having a cast barrel and a base or inwardly-
extending flange C cast therewith, and a lining formed of a single flat sheet bont
around and rolled into the barrel of the pump, as specified, the ends of the said
sheet being simply butted together, said ends or the edges of said sheet not being
fastened to each other or to the pump as by brazing or soldering.
-
Ninth. A pump combining these three elements, that is to say, a pump-body
whose bore is shorter than its diameter, for the purpose of most successfully lining
it, as specified, a bucket adapted to slide in the pump-barrel and having its bail
cast in one piece with the body of the bucket, as set forth, and a socket-lever or
half-beam, substantially as described.
In witness whereof we the said Albert Russell and Francis Curtis have hereunto
set our hands and seals this Thirtieth day of August in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
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