the Rollers in Machines for Crushing or Grinding Materials.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 3rd Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 9th Sept., 1887.
the Rollers in Machines for Crushing or Grinding Materials.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In crushing or grinding machinery as heretofore constructed, there is either
a single revolving crushing roller which acts against a fixed surface, such as ribbed
bars, etc. or there are two or more such rollers acting against each other.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings shew by way of example an elevation
and sectional plan of a machine having two crushing rollers, one of which, W is
carried in fixed bearings while the other, W' is mounted in bearings on a lever having
its fulcrum at this roller being pressed towards W by the action of the weight h on
the lever, the requisite adjustment of the extent to which the rollers are required to
approach each other, according to the nature of the material acted upon, being regulated
by the position of the eccentric k on a shaft i, which is turned into the required
position by any suitable mechanism.
When at work, the brasses or plummer blocks of the roller trunnions will wear away
to a greater or less extent on the side opposite that at which the pressure is exerted
between the rollers, and consequently the brasses of the rollers will have to be
approached towards each other from time to time, to compensate for such wear.
On the other hand, the eccentrics, adjusting screws and the like, by which the
distance of the rollers is adjusted are subject to displacement, and there is always a
certain amount of spring action in them.

page_text: If now there be a notable decrease of the feed of the material to be crushed or
ground, the rollers will approach each other to a certain extent proportionate to the
play of their bearings or the spring of the adjustments, so that it may happen that
the rollers, or the one roller and the fixed surface, come in contact with and grind
upon each other, thereby becoming deteriorated, and heated, causing smoothness of
the rough surfaces, unroundness, and consequent defects in the grinding or crushing
process.
The present invention has for its object to obviate these disadvantages, for which
purpose the following arrangements are employed.
There are introduced between the trunnions Z of the rollers W W₁, or between the
one roller and the fixed surface, when these are employed, segmental supporting
blocks 66 which pass through openings formed in the brasses or plummer blocks e and
approach with their ends towards the surface of the trunnions, the distance
between such blocks being made to correspond with the minimum distance between
the rollers.
The ends of the blocks are formed with a concave curvature corresponding to that
of the trunnions, and thus form part of the brasses or plummer blocks, so that when
the rollers from any cause approach each other to the minimum distance, and thus
bear against the surfaces of the blocks, these surfaces will be effectually lubricated by
the lubricant of the bearings. The blocks being out of contact with the trunnions
when the proper amount of material is being fed between the rollers, they will not be
subject to material wear.
The blocks might also be arranged to bear against the outside of the brasses
instead of against the trunnions.
In the arrangement shewn at Figs. 1 and 2, the supporting blocks bb are formed in
a single piece with a strutt a between them; while in the arrangement at Fig. 3 they
are formed as separate blocks connected by a strutt c screwed into them, with right
and left handed screws, so that by twining this the distance between them can be
regulated; or the strutt might simply rotate in the one block and screw in the other.
After adjustment the strutt is locked in position, by forming holes in the disc thereon
through which and through a bracket d fixed to the framing or bearing a pin or
padlock e is passed as shewn at Figs. 3 and 4. Or the arrangement shewn at Fig. 5
may be used, in which a screw f turned by a key, is made to take into holes on the
periphery of the disc.
Fig. 6 shews another arrangement in which the supporting blocks bb are adjusted
by means of a wedge c¹ and screw c², the screw being passed through a collar d¹ on
the framing, and secured in position by a padlock as before.
Dated this 5th day of November 1886.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: the Rollers in Machines for Crushing or Grinding Materials.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane
in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In crushing or grinding machinery as heretofore constructed, there is either
a single revolving crushing roller which acts against a fixed surface, such as a
ribbed bar &c. or there are two or more such rollers acting against each other.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings shew by way of example an elevation
and sectional plan of a machine having two crushing rollers, one of which, W is
carried in fixed bearings while the other, W' is mounted in bearings on a lever having
its fulcrum at this roller being pressed towards W by the action of the weight h on
the lever, the requisite adjustment of the extent to which the rollers are required to
approach each other, according to the nature of the material acted upon, being regulated
by the position of the excentric k on a shaft i which is turned into the required position
by any suitable imechanism.
When at work, the brasses or plummer blocks of the roller trunnions Z will
wear away to a greater or less extent on the side opposite that at which the pressure
is exerted between the rollers, and consequently the brasses of the rollers will
have to be approached towards each other from time to time, to compensate for
such wear.
On the other hand the excentrics, adjusting screws, and the like by which the distance
of the rollers is adjusted are subject to displacement, and there is always a certain
amount of spring action in them.
If now there be a notable decrease of the feed of the material to be crushed or
ground, the rollers will approach each other to a certain extent proportionate to
the play of their bearings or the spring of the adjustments, so that it may happen
that the rollers or the one roller and the fixed surface come in contact with and grind
upon each other, thereby becoming deteriorated, and heated, causing smoothness of
the rough surfaces unroundness, and consequent defects in the grinding or crushing
process.
The present invention has for its object to obviate these disadvantages, for which
purpose the following arrangements are employed.

page_text: There are introduced between the trunnions Z of the rollers W, W¹ or between the
one roller and the fixed surface, when these are employed segmental supporting
blocks b b which pass through openings formed in the brasses or plummer blocks
and approach with their ends towards the surface of the trunnions, the distance
between such blocks being made to correspond with the minimum distance between
the rollers.
The ends of the blocks are formed with a concave curvature corresponding to that
of the trunnions and thus form part of the brasses or plummer blocks, so that when
the rollers from any cause approach each other to the minimum distance, and thus
bear against the surfaces of the blocks these surfaces will be effectually lubricated by
the lubricant of the bearings. The blocks being out of contact with the trunnions
when the proper amount of material is being fed between the rollers, they will not be
subject to material wear.
The blocks might also be arranged to bear against the outside of the brasses instead
of against the trunnions.
In the arrangement shewn at Figs. 1 and 2, the supporting blocks 66 are formed
in a single piece with a strutt a between them while in the other arrangement at
Fig. 3 they are formed as separate blocks connected by a strutt c screwed into them
with right and left handed screws so that by turning this the distance between them
can be regulated; or the strutt might simply rotate in the one block and screw in the
other.
After adjustment the strutt is locked in position by forming holes in the disc thereon
through which and through a bracket d fixed in the framing or bearing a pin or
padlock e is passed as shewn at Figs. 3 and 4.
Or the arrangement shewn at Fig. 5 may be used, in which a screw f turned by a
key is made to take into holes on the periphery of the disc.
Fig. 6 shews another arrangement in which the supporting blocks bb are adjusted
by means of a wedge e¹ and screw c³, the screw being passed through a collar d¹ on
the framing, and secured in position by a padlock as before.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
-
1. The use in combination with crushing or grinding rollers of fixed or adjustable
strutts or supporting segments for the shafts or trunnions of the rollers so arranged
in recesses in the plummer blocks or bearings as to bear directly on the shafts
or trunnions, and thus prevent their approach beyond a certain distance when
insufficient or no material is passing between them, substantially as herein
described.
2. Arranging the struts or supporting segments referred to in the preceding claim
either within or outside of the plummer block.
3. The use in combination with adjustable struts or supports referred to in the
preceding claim, of means for locking them in position so as to prevent them from being
shifted improperly, substantially as herein described.
Dated this 3rd day of August 1887.
ABEL & IMKAY,
Agents for the Applicant.