Improvements in and connected with Steam and Vapour Generators.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 12th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 1st Jan., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Steam and Vapour Generators.
RICHARD PAULSON of No 126 North Marine Road, Scarborough, Yorkshire
Engineer & Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In carrying out these Improvements, I may make use of an ordinary Steam or
tubular boiler, heated in the usual way until a suitable pressure is obtained; to
maintain this pressure, or increase it if desired, I make use of an apparatus con-
structed on the principle of an injector, or modification thereof, this may be
worked by pressure obtained direct from the boiler, so as to force or inject back in-
to the boiler a jet of water, or spray of air and water, vapour or gas, which
becoming heated and expanded within the boiler can be utilised for motive, or
other purposes.
Naptha, or other chemicals may be used in place of or in conjunction with water,
so that less heat is required to boil it and obtain pressure.
Or I may return to the boiler the exhaust vapours, Steam, or gas, by causing
it to pass into and through this apparatus, or injector, which I prefer to heat
externally, by allowing the heated gases from the furnace to play thereon and so
as to cause the gas, or vapour therein to be expanded and be forced in any required
direction.
By duplicating, or placing a number of these injectors together and connecting
them, so that they can be placed in a hot chamber, or furnace, a large amount
of vapour, gas, or liquid may be readily heated and great pressure obtained.
If it is required to force liquid alone, and a pump is employed, considerable
back pressure may be overcome by placing in front of the plunger, one or more
cones, contained in a suitable chamber, so that the liquid is forced along in a
strong jet instead of bodily, as heretofore, or by carrying forward a suitable pipe
into the air chamber, where such is used, the jet may be delivered therein into
the air space, instead of below the water level; The usual check valves, or stops,
being used as heretofore, if desired.
Dated this Twelth day of January A.D. 1897.
Improvements in and connected with Steam and Vapour Generators.
RICHARD PAULSON of 126 North Marine Road, Scarborough Yorkshire and
South Carr, Cuckney Mansfield Nottinghamshire, Engineer and Inventor--do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
The first part of these improvements relates to the method of maintaining pressure
in steam, tubular, watertube or other boilers or generators, fired in the ordinary

page_text: way, any kind of fuel, or oil, being used for that purpose. After a sufficient
pressure is obtained in the generator or boiler, a jet of steam or steam and
vapour combined is caused to pass through an apparatus containing nozzles or
cones and constructed .somewhat on the principle of an injector where the jet is
caused to mingle and combine and carry with it into the boiler, air water vapour,
or a chemical compound of a lower boiling point than water, such for instance as
wood spirit alcohol or ammonia any of these may be delivered into the injector
under pressure by the aid of a pump or otherwise as desired and so that liquid,
gas, or vapour may be thoroughly combined and expanded and forced onwards as
required I prefer to cause the outer injector casing to be externally heated by
placing them within the furnace, in the combustion chamber, smoke box boiler or
superheater as desired; In some cases I combine a number of these injectors
together and if oil is used place them in the furnace or as before mentioned by
this means a large quantity of vapour can be expand and utilized as desired
vapour or steam after passing through the motor may be, again caused to
pass
through the injectors direct, or after being condensed or partly condensed and be
again forced into the boiler aided by a jet of live steam as previously described
It is understood that the usual connecting pipes also stop and check valves are
used to regulate the pressure as desired.
The
If a pump is also used in combination with the injector, or otherwise, consider-
able back pressure may be overcome by placing one or more cones or nozzles
between it and the delivery pipe or I may carry the pipe upwards into the air vessel
where such is used so that the pump delivers the liquid into the air space instead
of below as heretofore.
Fig 1, shows a sectional sketch of one of the injectors used, the steam jet lead-
ing from the boiler entering through the pipe A. into the first expansion
chamber B, in which it is made to combine with either water, air, vapour or any
of the chemical compounds mentioned being drawn into, or delivered into the
chamber B. under pressure or otherwise through the pipe C. combined with the
steam or vapour jet, it is driven forward through the cones or nozzles D, E and F
into the second and third expansion chambers and delivered into the pipe G. and
through it to the boiler or generator.
Fig 2 shows the means by which considerable back pressure may be overcome
when a pump is used H, is the check valve leading from the pump and the liquid
as it is pumped and delivered is caused to pass through one or more cones, or
nozzles I. J and K, these may be placed on either side of the air vessel N Fig 3,
in which a curved pipe M is placed so as to deliver the liquid into the air space
above the water line insted of below as heretofore.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1, An injector, or modification thereof externally heated so that the gas, liquid
or vapour therein is expanded and forced forward as desired substantially as
described.
2, The method of externally heating the injectors by placing them within the
combustion chamber, furnace, smoke box, boiler, or superheater substantially as
described.
3, The method employed by which considerable back pressure is overcome when
a pump is employed substantially as described.
4, The combination and arrangement of the various parts for the purpose stated
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