IMPROVEMENTS IN CHILDREN'S AND INVALIDS' CARRIAGES, CALLED PERAMBULATORS."
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry George Hine, of Brecknock Street, Camden
Town; for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHILDREN'S AND INVALIDS'
CARRIAGES, CALLED PERAMBULATORS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry George Hine at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd April 1856.
I, HENRY GEORGE HINE, of Brecknock Street, Camden Town, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHILDREN'S AND.
INVALIDS' CARRIAGES, CALLED PERAMBULATORS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in children's and invalids'
carriages or perambulators. For this purpose the body of the carriage is made
to separate from the frame and wheels. The body of the carriage is of a form
suitable to be used as a chair when separated from the other parts of the
carriage. This power of separating facilitates the placing of a child in the chair
and then fixing the chair to the frame and wheels, which will be advantageous
in some cases; or the body of the carriage may be fixed to and form part of
the framing of the carriage. In order to prevent accidents, to which children
in such carriages are liable, by the carriages running away down inclines, by
the nurse or other person leaving hold of the handle at the back of such

page_text: carriage, the handle is made with or in connection with a break or breaks, to
act on the hinder wheel or wheels or otherwise, to stop the carriage at all times
when the handle is not pressed on in the act of moving forward the carriage;
hence, in the event of the person having the care of a carriage leaving hold of
the handle, the break or breaks immediately act on and stop the movement of
the carriage, and the break or breaks will be removed immediately on pressing
or acting on the handle to move forward the carriage.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry George Hine in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd October 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
GEORGE HINE, of Brecknock Street, Camden Town, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by .Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry George Hine, Her special licence that I, the said Henry
George Hine, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Henry George Hine, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and. vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHILDREN'S AND INVALIDS' CARRIAGES, CALLED PERAMBULATORS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry George Hine, my executors.
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry George Hine, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:

page_text: This Invention has for its object improvements in children's and invalids'
carriages or perambulators. For this purpose the body of the carriage is made
to separate from the frame and wheels. The body of the carriage is of a form
suitable to be used as a chair when separated from the other parts of the
carriage. This power of separating facilitates the placing of a child in the
chair and then fixing the chair to the frame and wheels, which will be ad-
vantageous in some cases; or the body of the carriage may be fixed to and
form part of the framing of the carriage. In order to prevent accidents, to
which children in such carriages are liable, by the carriages running away
down inclines, by the nurse or other person leaving hold of the handle at the
back of such carriage, the handle is made with or in connection with a break
or breaks, to act on the hinder wheel or wheels or otherwise, to stop the
carriage at all times when the handle is not pressed on in the act of moving
forward the carriage; hence, in the event of the person having the care of a
carriage leaving hold of the handle, the break or breaks immediately act on
and stop the movement of the carriage, and the break or breaks will be
removed immediately on pressing or acting on the handle to move forward the
carriage.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, and Figure 2 is a back view, of a
perambulator arranged according to my Invention; Figure 3 is a side view.
Figure 4 a back view, and Figure 5 a plan, of the body removed from the
carriage. a, a, a', are the wheels of the carriage, which are mounted on the
axes b, b, to which are bolted the end of the springs c, c; these springs are
connected together at an intermediate point by the cross bar c', which carries
the turn bolt d; c, c, are pieces connected to and projecting upwards from
the springs c, c; to these pieces the tubular handles e, e, are fixed, and they
also carry the cross bar f which supports the body, its curved legs g, g,
dropping over it, as is shown by the Drawing. The carriage is secured to the
body by the turn bolt d passing through a slot in the bottom of the body.
The tubular handles e, e, are connected together at their upper ends by the
curved plate h, into which the bar i fits. (This is clearly shown at Figure 6,
which shews the tubular handle separately, and in which the plate h and the
bar i are shown in section). The ends of the bar i travel in slots e¹ in the
tubular handle, and they have connected to them tho chains k, which pass

page_text: down inside the tubes e. 1 is a bar, which by falling into the notches in the
discs m on the bosses of the wheels prevents the wheels from turning. The
bar works in slits in the tubes e, and it is connected at its ends to the chains k:
Thus it will be seen that when the hand embraces the plate h and the bar i,
the latter is kept at its highest position, and the bar is kept clear of the
notches in the disc m, but when the hand is removed the bar I falls and stops
the wheels. The red lines in Figure 1 shew the method in which a friction
brake may be similarly employed. The ends of the chains k are connected to
one arm of the bell-crank lever n, the other arm of which carries the brake o,
and the weight p; or in place of the weight pa spring may be used if
preferred.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry George Hine, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
GEO. PITT,
4, Old Square.
HENRY GEORGE HINE. (L.S.)