Improvements in connection with Boilers and Boiler Furnaces.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 13th Sept., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by GEORGE JOSEPH CARTWRIGHT, of 137, Elizabeth
Street, Sydney, in the Colony of New South Wales, Engineer.]
Improvements in connection with Boilers and Boiler Furnaces.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The more economical combustion of fuel in boiler furnaces, and the consumption or
the suppression of the thick volumes of smoke that issue from the smoke stack, when
fresh fuel is added to the fire, are problems that have long exercised the ingenuity of
those most interested, but up to the present time no satisfactory solution of the
difficulty has been arrived at, and it is the object of this invention to overcome the
difficulties hitherto encountered.
The invention consists in establishing a direct auxiliary connection (through a box
or chamber fixed on the front of the boiler) between the combustion chamber at the
rear of the boiler and the mouth of the furnace, and also in combining therewith a
hollow fire-bridge, through which heated air may be admitted from the ash pit to the
furnace.
As it would be manifestly impossible to describe the apparatus as applied to every
class of boiler and furnace, I will confine myself to describing the manner in which
the invention is applied to the classes of boiler in most extensive use, viz.: an
ordinary Cornish or Lancashire boiler, or an externally fired multitubular boiler.
In the accompanying drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of an ordinary Cornish boiler, shewing one
of the side flues in dotted lines, and a section of the hollow fire bridge, the section
being taken through the air passage therein, on the line 1. 2 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a half front elevation and half cross section, taken on the line 3-4 of
Fig. 1, the front elevation shewing the connection between the side flue and the
front of the furnace, while the sectional part shews one of the side flues, the air-
opening into the bridge below the fire bars, the bottom flue, and its connection with
the side flues.
Fig. 3 is a half plan and half horizontal section, the section being taken on the
line 5-6 of Fig. 2, and shews the disposition of one of the side flues, the passage
between the side flue and the bottom flue, and the bottom flue itself.
Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section through the combustion chamber at the rear of the
boiler, taken on the line 7-8 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of a multitubular externally fired boiler,
taken on the line 9-10 of Fig. 6.
Fig. 6 is a cross section taken on the line 11-12 of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a sectional plan taken on the line 13-14 of Fig. 5, and shewing the
arrangement of the flues and tubes, the direction of the travel of the gases, and
the opening from the box or chamber, in front of the boiler, to the mouth of the
furnace.
Figs. 8, 9, & 10 are details, on an enlarged scale, of the opening leading to the
mouth of the furnace from the box or chamber, and the damper by which the passage
of the hot gases is controlled.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, A is the brickwork-setting of the boiler.. B the boiler
itself. C the fire-tube containing the furnace C'. D the hollow bridge. D' the air
passage through it. E E are the side flues, which terminate in front in pipe con-
nections F F, that lead down from a box or chamber G, that is attached to the front
of the boiler above the furnace door H-J J are passages or flues that lead from the
side flues E E-into the bottom flue J¹. The space behind the bridge in the fire

page_text: tube C, serves as a combustion chamber, & opens into a rear combustion chamber K,
which may be built in the brickwork at the rear end of the boiler. The side flues E E
lead back from the combustion chamber K towards the front of the boiler, and are
connected with the mouth of the furnace by the pipe connections F and the box or
chamber G, the inner side of which is open so as to form a direct open connection
between the mouth of the furnace and the side flues, E E, that lead into the rear com-
bustion chamber K. On the furnace being fired up, the smoke and unconsumed
products of combustion will travel over the fire-bridge, where they will meet a supply
of fresh hot air, that will materially assist combustion at the bridge, and in the
chamber C. The heated gases will then enter the chamber K, from whence they will
pass along the side flues E E, towards the front of the boiler, then into the passages JJ,
and from thence into the bottom flue J'. On arriving at the passages JJ, the gases
from the combustion chamber K will meet other hot gases, that will be sucked by the
draught from the mouth of the furnace through the box or chamber G, and
down the connection pipes F F, and the amalgamation of the gases at the passages
will result in ignition, thus causing a great development of heat in the bottom flue J
beneath the boiler.
The admission of the heated gases from the front of the furnace C¹ to the
passages JJ through the connection pipes FF, is regulated and governed by the
valves or dampers f. f, that are preferably placed in the connection pipes F F; so
that they may be operated with facility by the fireman. Fresh hot atmospheric air is
admitted to the hollow bridge D through the air passage D', the admission of the air
being regulated and governed by the damper d, that is operated from the front of the
furnace by the rod and handle d¹.
Fig. 5, 6, & 7 exhibit the invention applied to a multitubular externally fired boiler.
C¹ is the furnace. D is the bridge. D₁ the air passage. d the damper d' the rod
and handle by which the damper is operated.-C and K form a combustion chamber,
all as before explained.-The heated gases pass from K along the fire tubes M, into
the box or chamber G, where they divide and pass along the side flues E E¹ into the
rear combustion chamber Z, and from thence to the smoke stack. The necessary
connection between the mouth of the furnace and the box or chamber G is effected by
means of an opening g, leading from the box or chamber G into the mouth of the
furnace. The casting in which the opening 9 is preferably formed, is shewn in
enlarged detached views at Figs. 8, 9, & 10, the plan view at Fig. 8, & section Fig. 9,
showing the baffle plate or damper g' half oponed. The passage of the heated gases
from the mouth of the furnace into the box or chamber G (and from thence to the
side flues EE) is governed & regulated by the damper or baffle plate g¹. The
amalgamation of the heated gases, arriving from the chamber K, with the gases from
the mouth of the furnace, will take place at the entrance to the side flues E¹ E', which
in this instance have the same function as the bottom flue J' in Figs. 1 & 2.
In the
In Figs. 11 & 12 will be seen the invention as applied to a multitubular internally
fired boiler. In this case, the heated gases from the chamber K will travel along the
fire tubes M towards the front of the boiler, where they will enter the box or
chamber G, which opens into the front of the furnace as before described.
box or chamber G is placed an adjustable baffle plate N, by which communication
between the mouth of the furnace and the ends of the fire tubes M may be opened or
cut off. The amalgamation of the gases arriving from the chamber K through the
fire tubes M, with the heated gases from the mouth of the furnace, will in this instance
take place in the box or chamber G, above the baffle plate N. The spent gases in the
box or chamber G may be led away direct to the smoke stack, as shewn in Fig. 11,
or they may be conveyed through connection pipes to a bottom flue, as shewn by
dotted lines in Fig. 12.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
:-
1. In connection with steam boilers & boiler furnaces. for the purpose of preventing

page_text: smoke, causing the cooled unconsumed products of combustion, after passing from the
rear to the front of the setting, to meet and mix with hot gases proceeding direct
from the mouth of the furnace, so that ignition will take place at the point of junction,
and the products will be consumed, as set forth.
2. A box or chamber opening into the mouth of the furnace or fireplace, and also
connected with passages or fluos leading from a combustion chamber at the rear of
the setting, by which means the gases arriving from said chamber may be caused to
meet hotter gases arriving from the mouth of the furnace, the meeting of such gases
resulting in the ignition of the gases and consequent more perfect combustion of the
unconsumed products of combustion as set forth.
3. The pipe connections FF, or analogous contrivance (such, for instance, as the
opening, Figs. 5, 6, 7 & 8), whereby a communication can be established between
the mouth of the furnace, & pipes or flues leading from the combustion chamber at
the rear, as set forth.
4. The combination of a hollow fire-bridge (through which fresh hot air can be
admitted to the furnace) with one or more tubes or flues that connect the rear
combustion chamber (through the box or chamber G or connection pipes or openings)
direct with the mouth of the furnace, the said air passages and pipes or flues being
governed by dampers or valves, whereby the passage of the air or gaseous products
of combustion can be regulated as herein specified, & for the purposes set forth.
5. The arrangement of adjustable baffle plate N in the box or chamber G (see
Figures 11 & 12), for the purpose of regulating the admission of a portion of the
hottest gaseous products of combustion from the furnace to the box or chamber G, as
herein described.
6. The arrangements of steam boilers and boiler furnaces as herein shewn and
described.
Dated this 9th day of August 1890.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.