Improvements in or relating to Water Waste Preventers or Flushing Apparatus.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 19th June, 1893-Accepted, 16th Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Waste Preventers or
Flushing Apparatus.
We, JOHN JONES, of 40 Sydney Street, Chelsea, in the County of Middlesex,
Builder, FREDERICK TEMPLAR FARRER, of 17 Flood Street, Chelsea, aforesaid,
Sanitary Engineer, and WILLIAM WALTERS BROWN, of 15 Milmans Street,
Chelsea, aforesaid, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relating to water waste preventers or flushing apparatus has for
its object to simplify the construction of such apparatus and may either be used for
flushing closet pans or the like or for automatically flushing drains. A very
important feature of the invention is that the syphon we employ has no moving
part and consequently has no tendency to get out of order.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings in which
Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of the apparatus for flushing closet-
pans or the like, the cistern being shown in section and the connecting pipes broken
away.
Figure 2 is a view of part of the apparatus shown on a larger scale in Figure 1
the syphon being represented as partly broken away to better illustrate its action.
Figure 3 is a section of a modified form of the closet flushing apparatus and
Figure 4 is a view partly in elevation and partly in vertical section of the
apparatus as constructed for automatically flushing drains or the like.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
In carrying our invention into practice we construct a syphon A with a bend or
chamber A in which, when the flushing apparatus is at rest that is to say when
water is not flowing through it, there is sufficient water which is independent of
that in the cistern proper, to close the connection between the flushing pipe B and
the main body of water in the cistern C; this constitutes the chief feature of our
invention and, as will be obvious, may be applied to syphons of various shapes, we
have illustrated two different forms in the drawings, but these are given merely as
examples.
In Figures 1 and 2 the device embodying this feature is constructed in the form
of a coil the part A¹ being the chamber containing the liquid seal and for con-
venience is hereinafter referred to as the seal or "scal-chamber." A' is the inlet
end of the syphon, which may, if desired, be enlarged as shown in the accompanying
drawings. The syphon A constituting the first bend of the syphon pipe, is located
between the inlet end A' and seal-chamber A. A³ is a second bend between the
seal-chamber A and discharge end A which may be conveniently jointed to the
bottom of the cistern C by a flanged nozzle A and nut A thereon and to the upper
end of the flushing pipe B by means of a suitable union joint or coupling B'; the
pipe B in the usual manner extends down to the closet pan or other apparatus to be
Hushed by the water contained in the cistern C.
D is a pipe connected at its upper end with the syphon preferably near the level
of the water normally contained in the seal-chamber A' and at its lower end con-
veniently by a flanged nozzle D' and nut D' to the bottom of the cistern C and
union joint or coupling D³ to the pipe D which practically forms a continuation of
the pipe D. The pipe D' is provided with a valve E preferably of an automatically
closing type such as a push-valve or one opened by the raising of a weighted arm
or lever which falls and closes the valve as soon as released. The lower end of the

page_text: pipe D may be flared, as shown in Figure 1 and is connected to the flushing-
pipe B.
The apparatus represented in Figure 3 is of substantially the same construction
as that shown in Figures 1 and 2 the only difference being that instead of the
syphon pipe being in the form of a coil it is zigzag; the various parts of this syphon
pipe however act in precisely the same manner as the corresponding parts of the
pipe shown in Figures 1 and 2.
The second bend A³ may extend upwards to any height preferably short of that
of the syphon A, as a matter of fact however the lower this bend A is, consistent
with the proper retention of water in the seal-chamber A' the better will be the
result attained because the water when flowing from the cistern C will not require
to be raised as high as would otherwise be necessary.
The normal level of the water in the cistern C may be slightly above the
syphon A and it is prevented from escaping through the syphon pipe by the air,
contained in A, which is imprisoned between the seal-chamber A' and valve E on
the one side and the main body of water in the cistern on the other.
When it is desired to discharge the water from the cistern C all that is necessary
is to momentarily open the valve F so that by the pressure of the water at the
adinission end of the syphon-pipe the air is forced out from the syphon A through
the pipe D D into the flushing pipe B. When the air is practically exhausted
from A the column of water therein is completed and, mixed with the "seal "
water, ascends in the second bend A³ and passes into the flushing pipe B and
immediately thereafter the syphonic action will effect the discharge of the water
from the cistern C the whole of which operation may take place in a few seconds.
By connecting the pipe D D with the flushing pipe B in the manner shown the
operation is assisted, for the air driven out from A tends to draw the water through
the syphon pipe.
As soon as the cistern C is substantially empty and air is admitted through the
inlet A of syphon pipe the syphonic action ceases, and the water contained in the
syphon pipe falls into the seal-chamber A' and thus again closes the syphon pipe.
A fresh supply of water is then, in the usual manner, as by a suitable ball-cock,
introduced into the cistern C and "traps" the air in the syphon and as soon as the
water reaches its normal level, at which the ball-cock closes, the syphon is again
ready for operation.
The apparatus shown in Figure 4 consists merely of a syphon pipe constructed
substantially in the same manner as before described with reference to Figures 2
and 3 the only differences being that the pipes D D and their connections are
dispensed with and the syphon A at its upper part is provided with a small hole A².
This last described device is intended to be used in conjunction with an inverted
ball-cock or equivalent that is to say a cock so arranged that as the water level in
the cistern C ascends the cock is opened and as the water level descends the cock is
closed, a by-pass only at this time being left open.
By this device the air is unable to escape from A through the hole A' at the
same rate as the water is admitted into the cistern consequently the water is held
in check until the air is practically exhausted from A by which time the column of
water in the syphon tube is substantially complete and the syphonic action will
cause the main body of water from the cistern to be discharged. As soon as air
is admitted through the inlet end A³ the syphonic action ceases the water seal is
formed and by the water coming into the cistern the air is again trapped in A and
is gradually exhausted through the hole A as before described, the syphonic
discharging operation thus being performed automatically at definite intervals.
These intervals may be longer or shorter according to the rate at which the water
is supplied to the cistern C and the air is allowed to escape, through the hole A7 ;
the hole A' may be fitted with a valve or cock by which the air-escape may be
controlled and consequently the intervals between the flushings adjusted.
The before described syphon apparatus instead of being in the form of a bent
pipe with rounded bends may have more or less angular bends and may be cast or

page_text: otherwise constructed and moreover the pipe may either be circular in section as
represented in the drawings or of elliptic, square or other section either throughout
or only in part.
If desired, instead of forming the seal-chamber A' in part with the syphon A we
may construct it in part with the flushing pipe B and locate it beneath the cistern C
which arrangement would dispense with the jointing of the pipe D D to the
This
cistern-bottom as said pipe could also be completely outside of the cistern.
arrangement also would admit of our invention being applied to many of the
existing forms of water-waste preventers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is ;-
1. The combination with a syphon of a liquid seal or seal-chamber the liquid
constituting or contained in which is separate from the main body of liquid
contained in the vessel to which the syphon is applied.
2. The combination with a syphon in connection with a liquid seal or seal-
chamber as claimed in Claim 1 of an outlet pipe and valve connected with the
syphon for controlling its action.
3. In a water-waste preventer preventing the syphonic discharge by means of air
imprisoned between the main body of water to be discharged and a liquid seal and
causing the discharge to be effected by releasing the imprisoned air substantially as
described.
4. In a water-waste preventer the combination with the cistern of a syphon
device which may be caused to discharge the water therefrom without requiring
any part of the syphon to be moved.
5. In a water-waste preventer the combination with the syphon of a liquid seal
or seal-chamber such as A' and pipe and valve such as D D and E substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. In a water-waste preventer the combination with a syphon and flushing pipe B
of a seal-chamber such as A' arranged in said pipe B substantially as described.
7. The combination with a syphon and seal-chamber such as A¹ of an air outlet
such as A substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 4 of the accom-
panying drawings.
8. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete water-
waste preventer substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings.
9. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete water-
waste preventer substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the accom-
panying drawings.
10. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
automatic flushing apparatus substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 4
of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of June 1893
JOHN JONES,
WILLIAM W. BROWN,
FREDERICK T. FARRER,
Per their Agents,
W. P. Thompson & Boult.