matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
MENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO BOXES OR RECEPTACLES FOR BRUSHES, BLACKING, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, CHIEFLY FOR DOMESTIC OR STABLE USE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Baker and John Charles
William Stanley at the Office of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 21st
August 1879.
GEORGE BAKER and JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY, both of 47, Featherstone
" IMPROVE-
Street, in the Parish of Saint Lukes, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO BOXES OR RECEPTACLES FOR BRUSHES, BLACKING,
AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, CHIEFLY FOR DOMESTIC OR STABLE USE."
Our object in this Invention is to produce a handy portable box in which to
place brushes, blacking, and other similar articles, but especially those above
named; and the better to illustrate our Invention we will now describe one of our
boxes as arranged to contain a set of these. This box we prefer to make of tin
plate or other suitable material, plain, japanned, or otherwise protected or decorated,
and to form it in two or more parts, the top part consisting of a shallow box with
a hinged lid and bottom. At one end of this, inside, is a flat, shallow, and pre-
ferably circular box to contain the blacking (inside which again a little box of
blacking as now commonly sold may be placed if desired); this is covered by the
main lid when closed. If liquid or powdered blacking, etcetera, be used a suitable
pad may be attached to the inside of the lid so as more effectually to close the
blacking receptacle.
4
The remaining space of this top part we prefer to divide longitudinally down the
centre, and to place therein a pair of narrow brushes, one of which may be used for
brushing the dirt off the boots, and the other for applying the blacking; these lie
face to face, and just fill the two spaces formed by the central division. In the
bottom of this upper portion of the box is fixed in any convenient manner the
'block" or back of a third or polishing brush, so that when the lid is closed
the top box may be used as the back of this brush. The lower portion of the box
fits over the polishing brush a little way on to the top, and the lid being shut the
whole forms a neat box which may easily be carried in a pocket. One box which
we have already constructed measures when closed 7 inches long (the ends being
rounded off), 24 inches deep, 2 inches broad, though these dimensions may of
course be varied to suit circumstances. For harness the arrangement would be
very similar, the brushes being of the proper description for the work, and the
harness paste being carried in the little inside box. It will be seen that these
boxes may be modified so as to contain other sorts of small brushes, etcetera.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aaron Metcalf at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1879.
AARON METCALF, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and Machinist.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES."
This Invention relates to improvements in steam engines, wherein steam.does
duty as high pressure steam during the movement of the piston in one direction,
and as low pressure steam during the return movement.
According to my Invention I employ two pistons one at each end of a connecting
part or trunk, arranged concentrically within the cylinder so as to leave an annular
space between the connecting part or trunk and the cylinder containing it. The two
pistons and the connecting part or trunk work together in the one cylinder and
give motion to a piston rod to which they are attached. Midway of the cylinder's
length I provide a steam tight division by means of suitable packing rings between
the interior of the cylinder and the exterior of the central connecting part or trunk
in such manner that whilst the connecting part or trunk and pistons are free to
move lengthwise of the cylinder no steam may pass from one side of the central
division to the other. Thus the cylinder is divided into two portions or chambers,
each having suitable steam passages or thoroughfares, leading oue to each end of the
chamber, and having an opening for the exhaust arranged outside the two steam
passages or ports instead of centrally as usual. Each of the two chambers has &
valve for regulating admission and emission of steam, or the two valves may be
formed in one casting. These valves are enclosed within a steam chest and mounted
on the valve rod, it may be in the ordinary manner. The movement of the valves
is so arranged that the high pressure steam having been first admitted to the trunk
side of one of the pistons, will after doing duty at that side, find its way to the
other side of the same piston where the lower pressure will be exerted over a larger
area than that against which the higher pressure operated on the trunk side; the
last named movement of the valves will have admitted the high pressure steam to
the trunk side of the piston in the other chamber to be used as low pressure steam
at the end of the stroke as above described; whilst the valves will open the ports
to the exhaust pipe to the low pressure steam at either end of the divided cylinder
on opening the ports to the high pressure steam for moving the pistons in an
opposite direction.
The cylinder containing the connected pistons operating in the manner above
described may be constructed in two portions bolted together.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING CHIMNIES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ross at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th September 1879.
WILLIAM Ross, of No. 12, Hobury Street, King's Road, West Chelsea, Builder.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SWEEPING CHIMNIES."
I first suspend 2 bars of iron or other suitable material (afterwards called
carriages) on suitable brackets or supports so as to allow a pulley wheel and rope.
to pass between them their entire length. Then on these carriages I run a pulley
wheel with suitable revolving axletree (hereafter called the travelling pulley) to
which is attached a guide for the rope and attachment for a wire strand (called the
regulator); this wire strand passes along the whole length of the stack of chimnies
round a pulley wheel at the end of the carriages, and from thence backwards to the
other extreme end of the carriages and down a pipe fixed for it, and cord for brush
to a small winch in a suitable position. This strand has attached to it a series of
labels which when in sight indicate the exact position of the brush over the
chimnies. Over the travelling pulley passes a cord to which is attached the brush
with a weight covered with india rubber, the other end of rope passing over a
pulley at end of carriages and down the before mentioned pipe to another winch
in sweeping the chimney, the indicator shewing the brush to be over the flue
required to be swept; this winch is turned, letting the brush & weight down the
flue to the stove and then reversing the action and drawing the brush up again to
the top of the flue. At the bottom of flue there is a board fixed, padded to
prevent any soot from escaping into the room, and attached to it is a bag with an
adjusting mouth arranged to fit the stove and receive the whole of the soot.
The apparatus is covered with terra-cotta, or other suitable covering arrangd to
prevent any current of air from passing down the flue, and drive the smoke into the
room.
APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE TESTING OF THE EFFECT OF LIGHT ON VARIOUS COLORED SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Benjamin Dancer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1879.
JOHN BENJAMIN DANCER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Optician.
APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE TESTING OF THE EFFECT OF LIGHT ON
VARIOUS COLORED SUBSTANCES."
In performing my Invention I employ an optical arrangement or arrangements
by the aid of which I collect and condense or concentrate direct sunlight, diffused
daylight, or artificial light on to the colours the stability of which it may be
desirable to test. To effect this result I employ a lens or lenses through which the
light is transmitted and condensed. The said lens or lenses being mounted in a
suitable frame to concentrate the light on the colours to be tested.
Another mode of performing my invention is by the use of silvered or polished
reflectors of concave, parabolic, or other form, which I use either alone or in com-
bination with lenses to concentrate the light on the colours to be tested.
By such means the effects of light will be more quickly ascertained and a con-
siderable saving in time effected than by the method employed at present of merely
exposing the colours to uncondensed light.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL NUTS AND IN MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Pugh Allen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd April 1879.
THOMAS PUGH ALLEN, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Iron
Master. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL NUTS AND IN
MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN."
This Invention consists in rolling the bars from which the nuts are to be punched
in rolls sunk to a section calculated to produce a continuous bar of nut-blanks, each
joined to the other at one of its sides, so that the sides of the bar are serrated
down their entire length, each serration producing two sides of the finished nut
when of hexagonal form, or three of octagonal; these bars are next punched and
the blanks cut off from each other; I produce these bars at one heat from the piled
or puddled bar; and at the same heat, if necessary, I punch them and cut them off
ready for screwing. The rolls I employ are sunk and flanged, the sinkings being
serrated to form the serrations on the bar in rolling.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF SOFTENING WATER, AND OBTAINING THEREBY A FERTILIZING COMPOUND
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Ogston at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th August 1879.
GEORGE HENRY OGSTON, of Delahay Street, Storey's Gate, in the City of
Westminster, Middlesex, Analytical Chemist. "AN IMPROVED MODE OF SOFTENING
WATER, AND OBTAINING THEREBY A FERTILIZING COMPOUND."
The object of this Invention is to treat water containing compounds of lime or
other analagous mineral substances in solution, so as to remove or partially remove
such impurities at a cost that will render available such waters for ordinary
domestic use, and for manufacturing purposes. To this end I adopt such a process
for softening the water as will provide a valuable residual product. Supposing the
water intended to be treated to contain sulphate or carbonate of lime, I ascertain
the proportion of such ingredient and supply to the water as it is being discharged
into a reservoir, a chemical equivalent for such impurity of phosphoric acid in the
form of a soluble compound, admitting the latter to the water through a regulated
supply cock. By the intimate admixture of the phosphoric acid compound with the
water, a reaction will take place and a precipitate of phosphate of lime will result.
This residuum when recovered and dried, will form a valuable fertilizing agent and
may be used either alone or in combination with other fertilizing substances.
I may remark that not only will the proportion of phosphoric acid vary according
to the nature of the hard water treated, but also according to the degree of softness
required to be obtained. A small proportion of lime left in the water being of little
or no consequence for ordinary purposes.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN REFRIGERATING, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thaddeus MoNulty at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1879. A communication
from abroad by James M. Dalton, of Philadelphia, United States of America.
THADDEUS MCNULTY, of Mobile, in the State of Alabama, United States of
America, at present residing at the Midland Grand Hotel, London. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REFRIGERATING, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN." [A communi-
cation from abroad by James M. Dalton, of Philadelphia, United States of
America.]
This Invention relates to improvements in refrigerating, whereby artificial cold
to be applied to preserving and other purposes is obtained without the use of ice or
chemicals.
In carrying out this Invention, air is forced by means of any suitable motive power
engine through a tank containing water into an air chamber where it is compressed,
and the cooled air thus compressed is then allowed to expand and pass again
through. the water into the room or space requiring to be refrigerated. Suitable
valves are provided for the purpose of regulating the ingress and egress of the air,
and preventing the escape of the water.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE DRAUGHT IN CHIMNEYS, VENTILATING HOUSES, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1879. A communication
from abroad by Gustave Sire, of Brussels, Belgium.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INCREASING
THE DRAUGHT IN CHIMNEYS, VENTILATING HOUSES, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES."
[A communication from abroad by Gustave Sire, of Brussels, Belgium.]
This Invention relates to an improved apparatus for increasing the draught in
chimnies or shafts of workshops, factories, and the like, and for ventilating houses
and for similar purposes.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I provide a vertical cylindrical tube
upon which two or more projecting wings or flanges are arranged in helical or spiral
form. The number and position of these wings will vary according to the purpose
for which the apparatus is to be employed and its dimensions.
I also provide a second tube made in two parts, the lower one of which is of
conical form and the upper one of cylindrical form. The said second tube encloses
the first named tube, that is to say, the one with the flanges or wings, and there is
an opening or space between the said enclosed tube and the cylindrical part of the
said second or outer tube.
The said apparatus is suitably attached to the upper part of the shaft, chimney,
or other channel in which the draught is to be created or increased or which
communicates with the rooms or other places to be ventilated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN APPLIANCES EMPLOYED IN CONNECTING TOGETHER PARTS OF FRAMED WOODWORK
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Lisle at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th September 1879.
JAMES LISLE, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
CERTAIN APPLIANCES EMPLOYED IN CONNECTING TOGETHER PARTS OF FRAMED
WOODWORK."
My Invention relates to certain appliances employed in connecting together
parts of doors, wainscoats, window-frames, shutters, and other similar framed
woodwork in order to obtain a more secure connection and fastening than
formerly, and consists of improvements on Letters Patent granted to Jonathan
Gresty and John Mills, bearing date the First day of March, in the year One
thousand eight hundred and seventy eight, and Numbered 840. In the said
Invention the parts to be connected were clamped together on a table or carriage
which was caused to traverse towards and from a series of boring bits actuated by
means of cords and pullies from a revolving shaft, the parts were then connected
together by means of wooden dowels or pins. The principal object of my
Invention is to ensure a more secure connection of the said parts of doors,
wainscoats, window frames, shutters, and other similar framed woodwork. To this
end I clamp the parts to be connected in a suitable manner. The parts, as, for
example, the stile and rail, are then bored by means of archmedian boring bits or
of drills or borers of any suitable form and construction. A wooden pin or dowel
is then inserted in the bored hole. The form of dowel or pin I have found to
effect a safe connection of the stile and rail, and which does not become loose as
in the case of wooden dowels or pins previously employed, is formed at each end
of its length of a suitably recessed or morticed form. The pin or dowel so formed
acts as a wedge when placed in position, and thereby prevents the same from
becoming loose, as hereinbefore mentioned. The expansion of the pin or dowel
will be increased at the ends thereof, and being recessed or morticed, as herein before
mentioned, will offer a greater surface to the tenacious effect of the glue employed
when forcing home the same. It will be understood that any number of pins or
dowels may be employed as desired, but I have found that when connecting
together parts of doors and other similar woodwork, as herein indicated, that a
comparatively small number of dowels or pins are required to effect a sure
connection when the improved form of dowel or pin is employed, I am thus
enabled to expediate the process and to ensure greater accuracy and economy.
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR IMPARTING MOTION TO THE PROPELLERS OF LAUNCHES, BOATS, CANOES, PUNTS, AND OTHER SUCh like Floating Vessels
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William John Butler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th April 1879.
WILLIAM JOHN BUTLER, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Surgeon.
"IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR IMPARTING MOTION TO THE PROPELLERS OF
LAUNCHES, BOATS, CANOES, PUNTS, AND OTHER SUCh like Floating Vessels."
My Invention relates to improved means and apparatus for setting in motion a
screw propeller adapted in the usual way to the stern of a launch, boat, canoe, punt,
or other such like floating vessel, whereby in cases where scrow propellers are at
present employed the said screw may be set in motion by muscular power in a
more effective manner than heretofore, and in cases where screw propellers have
not been employed to enable such means of propulsion to be applied and set in
motion in an effective and convenient manner.
For these purposes I employ a crank shaft arranged proferably above and at
right angles to the screw shaft, and I connect the said crank shaft by means of
gearing, which may be of the kind known as spiral or other suitable construction
to the screw shaft, by preference in such way that the said screw shaft shall make
several revolutions for each revolution of the crank shaft, and I impart rotary
motion to the said crank shaft by an arrangement of levers, connecting rods,
parallel motions, treadles, and such like mechanical appliances so arranged that a
person or persons seated opposite to the crank shaft, may by exerting a more or
less horizontal direction, the muscular action of the legs upon such mechanical
appliances cause the crank shaft to revolve and to impart mction through the spiral
or other gearing to the screw propeller shaft, so as to effect the propulsion of the
launch, boat, or other vessel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWDRIVERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Simon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th November 1879. A communication
from abroad by Paul Schneitler, of Berlin, Germany.
HENRY SIMON, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWDRIVERS." [A communication from abroad
by Paul Schneitler, of Berlin, Germany.]
In
According to this Invention screwdrivers are constructed so as not only to engage
in the slot in the screw head, but also to grasp the sides of the head so as to give a
firm hold of the screw while it is screwed in up to the head, after which the rest of
the screwing can be done in the usual way by engaging with the slot alone.
one form of instrument for this purpose, there is a flat blade bent up at one end to
form a handle; on the under face of the blade there is a central wedge shaped rib
projecting like a knife edge, so that at any part of its length it can enter the slot
of a screw.
On each side of this rib there is another rib undercut like a dovetail,
so that these ribs can take between them the coned screw head. These ribs are not
parallel but inclined to one another at a small angle, being wider apart towards one
end and narrower towards the other end, and thus screw heads of different sizes
can be taken between them. The blade is chisel ended like an ordinary screwdriver,
so as to complete the screwing after the screw has been screwed in up to the head.
In a modified form of this instrument, applicable in cases where there is not sufficient
room to work the blade instrument above described, there is a stem like that of an
ordinary screwdriver having at its end a head, on the face of which are a pair of
short dovetail ribs with central wedge rib to operate in a similar manner.
According to another form the screwdriver has a flat blade stem terminating in the
usual chisel end. On the stem are pivotted a pair of arms connected together at
their lower ends by a half ring, the interior faces of the arms at their lower ends
and of the half ring being of dovetailed form to fit the exterior of the screw head.
On the stem is a flat ring that can be slid along it and the arms so as to hold the
latter parallel to the stem when the screw head is engaged within the dovetails,
the chisel end of the stem being engaged at the same time in the slot of the screw.
The screw thus firmly held being screwed up to the head the ring is slipped up the
stem so as to leave the arms free, these arms are then moved aside clear of the
screw head, and the screwing is completed by the hold of the chisel end of the stem
in the screw slot in the usual way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING THE AXLES OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND OTHER VEHICLES, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Moffat Johnston at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th November 1879.
56
JOHN MOFFAT JOHNSTON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING THE AXLES OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND OTHER
VEHICLES, AND IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
The said Invention relates to improvements in lubricating the axles of railway
carriages and other vehicles, and in the means or apparatus employed therefor, and
has for its object to effect a more perfect lubrication than that hitherto attained.
According to the said Invention a roller of a double cone or other shape is
mounted in the axle box immediately under the axle so as to be capable of
revolving, and so that its upper surface, or a part thereof, is in contact with the
said axle, its lower part dipping into a cup formed by or at the lower part of the
axle box, and containing a lubricant of a liquid or semi-liquid nature. The said
roller is kept in contact with the axle by means of springs or their equivalents.
The motion of the axle sets this roller in motion so that it takes up a certain
quantity of the lubricant at every revolution, and thereby a continual supply of the
said lubricant to the axle is maintained. Owing to the constant re-use of the
lubricant a considerable economy thereof is effected.
A NEW AND IMPROVED PREPARATION FOR THE CURE OF TOOTHACHE AND NEURALGIA
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Hart Tiffen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1879.
"
CHARLES HART TIFFEN, of Hove, in the County of Sussex, Chemist. A NEW
AND IMPROVED PREPARATION FOR THE CURE OF TOOTHACHE AND NEURALGIA."
My Invention relates to a certain improved preparation for the cure of toothache
and neuralgia, and has for its object the more speedy and certain cure of persons
suffering therefrom than any other preparation hitherto used.
I place in a percolator one pound or thereabouts of crushed pyrethra root, and
upon it I pour rectified spirits of wine about two pounds. The latter extracts
from the former all its valuable qualities, and when it has entirely passed through
I add to each ounce of tincture thus obtained, of tincture of opium, one drachm
(London Pharmacopoeia); of spirits of camphor, one drachm; and distilled water
q. s. to fill up an eight-ounce bottle.
The above are the proportions which may most advantageously be used.
WRAPPERS FOR JARS, BOTTLES, OR CANISTERS."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL, SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Marris at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1879.
FREDERICK MARRIS, of Leeds, in the County of York.
WRAPPERS FOR JARS, BOTTLES, OR CANISTERS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My improved wrapper is applicable to cylindrical or conical jars, bottles, or
canisters either with or without necks.
The wrapper is formed of such a shape that the covering for the top of the bottle,
jar, or canister, and that for the sides, are all in one piece, and by wrapping it
onto the sides brings the cover in position to be fastened down.
Previous to being formed in the desired shape the wrappers have all the desired
information or matter printed thereon, after which the sheets containing such
printed matter are placed one over the other to a considerable thickness, and, by
preference, cut to the desired form by means of a band knife, though of course these
formis might be punched, sheared, or otherwise cut.
When these wrappers are employed for jars containing preserves or other like
materials, all coverings such as skin, bladder, and the like may be dispensed with,
and only the lid (which forms part of the wrapper) is required, it forming a
sufficiently airtight covering.
The wrappers are secured to the bottles, jars, or canisters by any suitable
adhesive substance.
A great saving of time and labour is effected by the application of the above
described arrangement of wrapper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO TRAM RAILS AND FASTENINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th August 1879.
GEORGE SMITH, of Southport, in the County of Lancaster, and 323, High
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO
TRAM RAILS AND FASTENINGS."
The object of my Invention is to produce a firm and lasting tram rail and
fastening, and I prefer to use a rolled metal joist or girder of H section running
longitudinally underneath the rail, and having a broad flange at its under part, and
a smaller flange on top.
The rail I form of a common section having a groove on top to receive the flange
of the wheel, and the underside provided with a narrow edge or flange at each side
and running the whole length of the rail. At intervals on these flanges ears are
provided having a suitable slot through each.
When the rail is in position on top of the joist or girder, I prefer to pass a
suitably formed gib or cotter through the hole in each ear; the cotter may be
tapered and a slot provided in its outer extremity, through which a cotter pin (split
if necessary) may be dropped, and extending low enough to prevent the gib from
dropping out.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ely Mackrell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1879.
"1
ELY MACKRELL, of Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York. IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to the construction of apparatus whereby in the weaving
of two or more pieces (on one plane) in one loom a perfect selvage may be formed.
According to this my Invention in the weaving of more than one piece (on one
plane) in one loom in order to bind the outer warp threads of each piece with the
weft thread I employ guide eyes through which extra warp threads pass. The
guides are mounted upon or attached to a slide piece operated by tappet, cam,
groove, or crank. The slide is so situate that the tappet or cam will operate the
latter so as to cause the extra warp threads to be presented to the shuttle and
weft that when again drawn down or back to the original position the extra
threads and the weft are intermingled, forming a perfect selvage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henri Constant Dumoutier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th June 1879.
HENRI CONSTANT DUMOUTIER, of No. 23, Rue Ponimier, Paris, in the Republic of
France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES."
My improved telephone consists of a horse shoe magnet, one face of which serves
to receive the telephone, the other face to receive the call.
This call is constructed of a magneto-electric apparatus formed of two bobbins
turning in front of the magnet; the current is collected by means of a commutator
and sent into any ordinary bell arrangement.
The telephone is applied to the other face of the magnet. The improvement
consists in fixing the bobbin of the telephone flat on one of the poles of the magnet,
the other pole carrying a piece of soft iron touching the bobbin. This piece of soft
iron carries a spiral iron wire surrounding the copper wire of the bobbin. The
other end of the spiral wire reaches to the level of the bobbin at the height of the
nave in such a manner as to act with it on the membrane.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SHEET METAL RECEPTACLES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAME
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th May 1879. A communication
from abroad by John Foster Ross, of Toronto, in the Dominion of Canada,
Tinsmith.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHEET METAL RECEPTACLES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAME.” A
communication from abroad by John Foster Ross, of Toronto, in the Dominion of
Canada, Tinsmith.
This Invention has relation to improvements in the construction of and machines
for making sheet metal packages, and it consists, first, in improvements in the
manner of fastening and securing the heads of cylindrical sheet metal packages by:
means of rolled edges; second, in a novel arrangement of the handle or bail of said
package, by which it may be carried and utilized for various purposes when empty,
and which is so arranged in connection with pivoted lugs that it may be folded out
of the way to offer no obstruction when a number of packages are packed together
during transportation from place to place; third, of a machine for manufacturing
the above packages, consisting of a pair of heads arranged to rotate in opposite
directions in any suitable manner, and also arranged so that their distance may be
varied. One of the heads is built in two laterally movable sections, the working
faces of which are arranged to close towards each other by means of a bevelled
projecting collar on the opposite head. The head having the bevelled collar is
provided with a projecting blade of a. form suitable for the edge to be raised on the
package, which blade passes between the working faces of the laterally moving.
sections of the opposite head forming in connection with them and the rotary
movement of the heads a raised rolled edge on the package, the shape of which
may be varied as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIEs for DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE WORKS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Barlow at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1879,
RICHARD BARLOW, of Union Street, Ancoats, in the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Sanitary Goods Merchant, "IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIEs for
DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE WORKS."
The object of my improvements is to provide a gulley that will effectually prevent
mud from entering sewers, that will be durable, easily cleansed, and be an efficient
trap to the sewer gases during and after cleansing.
I construct my improved gulley, preferably, of glazed earthenware of suitable
thickness, which material is not liable to corosion like iron, but iron may be used if
desired. The gulley consists of a box of suitable size, of oblong or other convenient
shape; across this box runs a division wall of smaller height than the sides of the
box thus leaving a few inches of room on the top; this partition wall divides the
box in two compartments, one usually much wider than the other, the large
compartment forming the mudbox, and the other the water box. In the latter
another partition wall runs across from the first named division wall to the side
wall to form a trap proper, but this latter partition does not go to the bottom of the
compartment but leaves as much space as possible between its lower edge and the
bottom of the box, but reaching lower down than the lowest point of the discharge
nozzle opening; this small partition is usually but not necessarily placed near to one
of the outer walls, and the small compartment thus formed is closed at the top. In
this covered compartment which forms the gas space, and as near to the cover as
possible, the outlet is placed.
The action of the gulley is as follows:-Liquid refuse falls in the large open
compartment or mud box and when its level rises to the height of the division wall,
the lightest portion of it runs over the edge of the division wall into the narrow
compartment or water box, and when the level in the latter rises high enough the
liquid takes its exit through the discharge nozzle, and when the liquid in the water
box has risen to that height .the lower edge of the partition forming the gas space
is under water and a seal is formed; thus no gases coming in through the discharge
nozzle can escape into the water box, while the mud settles in the mud box and
water box, whence it can be removed with facility without disturbing the gulley or
the pavement, or other surface in which the gulley is set.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS USED IN SPINNING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Pawson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1879.
EDWIN PAWSON, of the Firm of George Emmotts, Spindle and Fly Maker,
Oxenhope, near Keighley, in the County of York. " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS USED IN SPINNING."
My Invention consists in the employment of a stationary solid spindle having a
moveable hollow tube and steel bush fitted in the wharle, which are placed and
turn on the solid spindle, and also of an oil chamber or reservoir in which is placed
an oil absorbent for lubricating automatically the said spindle.
For this purpose I employ an ordinary solid stationary spindle, on which is fitted
and rotates a hollow tube made of brass; the tube is made with a collar which is
fixed to the wharle top; the brass tube projects from the underside of the collar
and is fitted and partly enters the centre hole of the wharle; the bottom part of
the hole is fitted with a steel bush, and a space is left between the bottom part of
the brass hollow tube and the top of the steel bush forming a recess or chamber in
which is placed a washer made of felt, cloth or other suitable material to absorb and
retain the oil or lubricant; a small hole is bored through the hollow tube collar and
through the wharle leading to the oil chamber in which the oil or lubricating
matter is poured when a fresh supply is required. I also construct the hollow tube
of steel tubing instead of brass, and employ also a steel bush as herein before
described.
The steel bush and hollow steel tube prevent the great wear and tear of the tubes
which is so common in the hollow tubes hitherto employed having the brass tube
fitted through the wharle; and the oil chamber fitted with the felt washer
automatically lubricates the spindle for several days instead of having to lubricate
the same once or twice a day.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAMWAYS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William George Beattie and Henry
Lee Corlett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April
1879.
WILLIAM GEORGE BEATTIE, of Clapham, in the County of Surrey, and HENRY
LEE CORLETT, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TRAMWAYS."
Our Invention relates to improvements in tramways, whereby greater strength
and solidity on the way are obtained combined with increased facility for laying
and effecting repairs, and whereby also the inconvenience to ordinary vehicles
which attends the use of tramways of the usual construction is entirely obviated.
In carrying out our Invention, we form the rails with a projecting web on the
under side, and support such rails upon longitudinal sleepers, each having a recess
for the reception of the web of the rail. Along the web of the rail is formed a
dovetailed or inclined groove, and bolts having heads made to fit the groove in the
rail are passed transversely through holes in the sleeper, so that the heads of the
bolts fit into the groove in the web of the rail, and by reason of the dovetailed or
inclined surface thereof exercise a drawing action and tighten the rail in position,
the bolts being secured in their places by nuts or cotters. By these means the rails
are securely fastened to the sleepers. At the joints of the rails bolts are employed
having heads of sufficient length to clip the abutting ends of the two rails, so that
the rails may be thereby "fished."
If desired, keys driven between the groove in the web of the rail and the sleeper
may be used in lieu of bolts, the said keys being introduced into position through
recesses formed to admit them in the sleeper.
We also form the edges of the rails with projections at intervals, so that vehicles
attempting to cross the rails may readily mount and cross them at any angle.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PULP USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th November 1879. A communication
from abroad by Reinicke and Jasper, of Cöthen, in the German Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PULP USED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PAPER OR SIMILAR MATERIALS." A communication from abroad by Reinicke
and Jasper, of Cöthen, in the German Empire.
The Invention relates to revolving sieves or knotters for separating knots from
the pulp from which paper or similar materials are made, and consists, first,
in supporting the horizontal sieve cylinder in such a manner that only a
rotary but no reciprocating motion of the cylinder is possible. Also in con-
structing the sieve so that the pulp to be treated enters the cylinder from the
circumference, and passes afterwards through tubular journals at both sides of the
cylinder into a collecting channel provided with an overflow, from where it leaves
the machine. Also in using a separate shaking mechanism, consisting of a beam or
beams, each moved by a revolving cam or ratchet wheel, and guided by (two) rods
provided with screw nuts and rubber cushions for limiting and regulating the
travel of the beam; (two) spindles attached to the beam, and passing through
stuffing boxes into the pulp trough, where they carry at their ends a shaking plate
or bottom moving to and from the revolving sieve, springs acting upon the beam,
so as to accelerate its down motion; the shaking bottom being made of one or more
pieces, curved to any desired radius, plain or corrugated, perforated or solid, placed
inside or outside, but preferably outside the cylinder sieve. Also in cleansing the
slits of the revolving cylinder by placing inside the latter a perforated pipe
throwing jets of water vertically through the slits, the water used for cleansing,
together with the knots carried with it, being afterwards caught in a peculiarly
shaped pipe formed of a curved piece of sheet metal, of which both ends are rolled
towards the concave (lower) side of the sheet, so as to form two channels, leaving
a space between them, through which the water jets ascend until they are
deflected to the right and left by the central part of the concave sheet. Also in
constructing the revolving cylinder of two or more curved sheets, in which the slits
are cut without the use of a special supporting frame, the said sheets being joined
by internal fish plates rivetted or soldered so as to leave the outside of the
cylinder plain and smooth, each end of the cylinder seive being soldered on a ring
attached to a hollow journal by screws.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND FASTENINGS OF BUTTONS, SOLITAIRES, STUDS, BROOCHES, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF JEWELLERY AND DRESS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick James Barnes and Edward
Kirby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November
1879.
FREDERICK JAMES BARNES and EDWARD KIRBY, both of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
FASTENINGS OF BUTTONS, SOLITAIRES, STUDS, BROOCHES, AND OTHER ARTICLES
OF JEWELLERY AND DRESS."
We will describe our Invention first as arranged for a solitaire, and consists in
the top and back being easily detachable the one from the other, the adjustment
being attained with great facility.
To the base plate or back we connect a double tube, the inner one being slotted
rectilinear or of a curvilinear form; the object of the outer tube is to secrete the
same. In the centre of this inner tube is a pillar. To the top part or front we
arrange a tube containing an helical spring; to the exterior of same two projecting
pins, so that by placing this tube in the interior of the former and applying
pressure the pillar will cause the helical spring to yield, the projecting pins will
traverse the slots, and then with a rotatory movement engage in a recess provided,
perfect security being thus obtained.
To employ our Invention to ladies' dress we modify the shape and proportion.
To the base plate or back we affix the ordinary pin; it can then be applied as a
brooch, button, or clasp, and removed with facility when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING THE EXHAUST STEAM OF TRAM- WAY LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND OTHER LIKE VEHICLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Barclay at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1879.
JOHN BARCLAY, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING THE EXHAUST STEAM OF TRAM-
WAY LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND OTHER LIKE VEHICLES."
The said Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for condensing the
exhaust steam of tramway locomotive engines and other like vehicles.
According to the said Invention the condenser consists of a vessel having at
either end a chamber, and a tube or tubes pass from the one chamber to the other.
The condensing water surrounds this tube or these tubes. Each of these tubes
where a number is used, has at one end, or both ends, but preferably at the end
where the exhaust steam enters a plug, through which a small hole is made to
admit a portion of the exhaust steam into each tube, so as to ensure perfect
condensation thereof in the tubes. The condensed water is collected from the
condenser into a vessel in communication with the chamber at the end of the
condenser opposite the steam admission end. In communication with this con-
densed water vessel is a pipe through which the condensed water is conveyed back
to the boiler, and also an air pump drawing air from the said condenser by which
a vacuum, or partial vacuum, in the condenser is created. A pipe leading into the
chimney and having a valve at top is in communication with the condensed water
vessel, and also with the condensing water vessel for the escape of vapour.
I place of the condensing water surrounding the tubes and the exhaust steam
being led there-through, the water may circulate through the tubes and the exhaust
steam be le round them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING HYDROCARBON GAS FOR THE PURPOSE OF INCREASING THE ILLUMINATING POWER OF ORDINARY COAL GAS OR OTHER GAS FOR LIGHTING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sigismund Cohné at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1879.
SIGISMUND COHNÉ, of No. 65, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRODUCING HYDROCARBON GAS FOR THE PURPOSE OF
INCREASING THE ILLUMINATING POWER OF ORDINARY COAL GAS OR OTHER GAS
FOR LIGHTING PURPOSES."
My Invention has for its object increasing the brilliancy of the flame of illumi-
nating gas in proportion to the amount consumed, and consists in the manufacture
of a new compound for the purpose, and in the means I adopt for its use so as to
produce the increase of light with, at the same time, a reduction of expenditure.
I. In making the compound I take about three parts of the heavy shale oil or
petroleum oil, from or out of which the paraffin crystallizes; or I take of paraffin
in its crude state about two parts, or, by preference, I take about three parts of
refined petroleum or refined shale oil, and with any or either of these I mix, after
melting by heat, one part of refined paraffin. The two substances intimately mixed,
the paraffin dissolves in the oil, and the compound is then allowed to cool. When
cooled the compound in either case forms a white homogeneous mass of moderately
firm consistency.
II. The means I adopt for the utilization of this compound are as follows:-Upon
or around the gas burner I place a cylindrical or other suitably shaped vessel of
metal or other suitable material. This vessel I fill with the compound herein before
mentioned, and when the gas from the burner is lighted the compound melts, and
the gaseous vapour arising therefrom, a pure hydro-carbon gas is drawn into the
flame, producing a beautiful white light. The vessel has in its top or cover suitably
shaped apertures or tubes for supplying the gaseous vapours to the flame.
OR IMPROVED STUFFS OR FABRICS PRODUCED BY SPINNING AND WEAVING THE HAIR OR FUR OF HARES AND RABBITS AND OTHER SIMILAR HAIR OR FUR, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SUCH STUFFS OR FABRICS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Beck at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1879. [A communica-
tion from abroad by Madame Gaillard, née Herminie Barbaise, and Joseph
Edouard Arnould, Manufacturers of Novelties and Furs, both of Sedan, in the
Republic of France.]
"
WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 139, Cannon Street, in the City of London, Con-
sulting Engineer and Patent Agent. NEW OR IMPROVED STUFFS OR FABRICS
PRODUCED BY SPINNING AND WEAVING THE HAIR OR FUR OF HARES AND RABBITS
AND OTHER SIMILAR HAIR OR FUR, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SUCH STUFFS OR
FABRICS." [A communication from abroad by Madame Gaillard, née Herminie
Barbaise, and Joseph Edouard Arnould, Manufacturers of Novelties and Furs, both
of Sedan, in the Republic of France.]
The Invention relates to the production of stuffs or fabrics from the hair or fur
of rabbits, hares, cats, foxes, wolves, otters, squirrels, polecats, weasels, beavers, bison,
and all other furred animals. We spin such hair or fur, whether alone or mixed
with other textile materials, by the ordinary machinery so as to obtain a soft
tenacious thread. We then size the threads intended for the warp and afterwards
weave in the ordinary loom. By these means a great variety of fabrics can be
made, such as cloths, fancy velvets, novelties of all kinds, shawls, hats, caps, gloves,
boots, shoes, and generally all kinds of woven fabrics.
The stuffs may be finished in the usual way, they may be fulled, teazled, beaten,
and sheared, and dyed in any colour, and they constitute a new or improved
product.