AN IMPROVED FIRE PREVENTING AND FIRE EXTINGUISHING LIQUID, AND APPARATUS FOR THROWING THE SAME, APPLICABLE ALSO IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS, SYRINGES, GARDEN ENGINES, AND OTHER APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND THROWING LIQUIDS
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Bernheim and James Croston
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd December 1878.
GUSTAVE BERNHEIM, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer_and
Chemist, and JAMES CROSTON, of the City of Manchester. "AN IMPROVED FIRE
PREVENTING AND FIRE EXTINGUISHING LIQUID, AND APPARATUS FOR THROWING
THE SAME, APPLICABLE ALSO IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPS, SYRINGES, GARDEN
ENGINES, AND OTHER APPARATUS FOR RAISING, FORCING, AND THROWING
LIQUIDS."
The object of the first part of this Invention is the production of a liquid which
shall render incombustible any materials or goods to which it is applied, and which
shall have the property of instantly extinguishing fire owing to the gases generated
from such liquid immediately upon its coming in contact with the heat of the fire.
Secondly. This Invention relates to the construction of an improved apparatus
for throwing the fire-extinguishing liquid, and which improvements are partly appli-
cable to other purposes, as herein-after described.
The composition of the improved liquid for the above mentioned purposes per
thousand parts of liquid is as follows:-
700 parts chloride of calcium.
20 parts of concentrated solution of borax.
20 parts of concentrated solution of bicarbonate potass.
10 parts of concentrated solution of tungstate of soda.
50 parts of muriate of ammonia.
25 parts of sulphate of magnesia.
175 parts of water.
We prefer to keep the fire-extinguishing liquid, as above described, stored in
barrels, and before putting it in use we dilute it with water, say, about 5 gallons of
water to one of the liquid, more or less.
The improved forcing pump for throwing the liquid consists of a suitable metallic
chamber or vessel for receiving the liquid, which vessel is provided with a foot-step
or recess let into the lower part of the body of the vessel to receive the foot of the
Price 2d1

page_text: operator, and thus enable him to steady the apparatus in position and obtain more power
over the pump, especially in the upward stroke. Through the top of this vessel we fit
the improved pump, which consists of a cylinder fixed at an angle with respect
to the vertical axis of the vessel, so as to be convenient for the full employment of
the operator's strength when in use. This cylinder is fitted with a combined piston
and hollow plunger, the latter passing through a stuffing box and cupped leather
at the upper end of the cylinder, where it terminates in a suitable handle.
The lower end of the cylinder is provided with an inlet ball valve, and a similar
ball valve is also fitted in the hollow plunger immediately above the piston, the
whole forming a double acting force pump.
The liquid is delivered at the upper end of the cylinder through a flexible tube
and distributing nozzle, which consists of a taper nozzle with its end or nose cut off
at an angle so as to better accomodate one of the fingers of the hand in regulating
the quantity discharged and in spreading the liquid over an extended area. A
metallic sheath let into the top of the vessel serves to receive the nozzle when not
in use, and so to prevent such nozzle being damaged or the liquid wasted. In case
it is preferred the force pump can be made separately, and be affixed to an ordinary
bucket or other receptacle by means of an adjustable screw clip.
It will be readily apparent that these improvements are equally applicable in the
construction of other force pumps, syringes, garden-engines, and other apparatus
for raising, forcing, or throwing liquids, in which case we do not confine ourselves
to the ball valves, but sometimes, for instance in the case of sewage or liquid manure
pumps, we prefer to substitute india-rubber lip valves.