Improvements in Apparatus for the Concentration or Rectification of Sulphuric Acid or other Acids or Liquors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb.,
1897
Complete Specification Left, 10th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 24th Dec., 1897
Improvements in Apparatus for the Concentration or Rectification of
Sulphuric Acid or other Acids or Liquors.
I, JAMES EUNYCE CAMPBELL, of Stretford Road, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The invention relates chiefly to improvements in the vessels in which the acid
or liquor is contained and in the appliances for holding and heating such vessels
when the acid or liquor is passing through them in order to obviate the use of
large vessels with internal tubes, syphons or the like, to reduce the risk of break-
age to render a breakage more easily detected to simplify the removal and replac-
ing of a broken vessel and to reduce the cost of erection and maintainance.
In carrying out the invention I construct a bed of terrace brick work with a
furnace at one end and flues running underneath in the usual way to the chimney
to heat the surface of the terraced or inclined brickwork. In the brickwork at
intervals I place or insert iron frames of square or other shape and in those we
set covered iron pots. These pots are of oblong shape at the rim and provided or
formed with a cavity deepening towards the centre of the bottom. Each is pro-
vided with a nozzle or small pipe attached to one side nearest the lowest point.
This pipe or nozzle is connected with a pipe outside the brickwork to convey to a
well or vessel any acids or liquor that may be spilled therein by accident or
damage to the apparatus.
Into the cover of said pots I place glass or other tubes leading into a draught
pipe or trunk to convey any fumes or gas that may arise into a condensing or other
apparatus as usually employed in acid manufacture and afterwards into chimney.
Thermometers are also placed in pot-covers to show heat of acids etcaetera being
concentrated or rectified.
These iron pots are partially filled with sand to act as sand baths with the heat
underneath and along side of brickwork.
Into these pots partially filled with sand I place to receive the acid or other
liquor small vessels of glass, porcelain, iron or other fire and acid resisting
material and of the same shape as the outer pot. These inside vessels are formed
with one or more upright divisions across them to give the liquor a circuitous
flow from inlet to outlet along bottom of vessel, and a bent nozzle or outlet of
about one inch wide all placed so that about four inches of the vessel is above the
level or rim of the iron pot, and the outlet of any vessel is immediately above
the inlet of the succeeding vessel.
The apparatus may also be made in the form of jacketed pans heated by steam
or hot air or gases.
I also provide a cooling apparatus formed of several vessels with pipe coil
around inside for water to pass through placed inside each other with a space
large enough for water to circulate between.
Above the highest port of flue I place a tank for storage of acid or other
liquor to be concentrated or rectified.

page_text: The contents of this highest tank are run into a filter or separator placed under-
neath containing ground glass, flint or other suitable filtering media thence into
a number of small shallow pans having inlet and outlet pockets for
liquor to flow into and through each other and from these pans into
and through the glass porcelain or other vessels numbering about twenty
passing from them into the cooling apparatus. Thence the concentrated or
rectified acids or liquors may be run off into store tanks or vessels for delivery
etcetera. The number of the glass vessels or tubes may be varied as required.
By this arrangement all acids, solutions or liquors being concentrated or
rectified proceed in a direct continuous flow while the vessels containing only a
small quantity of the acids. liquor etcetera quickly become stronger and denser
in transit, while any liquor spilled through vessels breaking is recovered and not
allowed to run into furnace and lost.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in Apparatus for the Concentration or Rectification of
Sulphuric Acid or other Acids or Liquors.
I, JAMES EUNYCE CAMPBELL, of Stretford Road, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
The invention relates chiefly to improvements in the vessels in which the acid
or liquor is contained and in the appliances for holding and heating such vessels,
when the acid or liquor is passing through them in order to obviate the use of
large vessels with internal tubes, syphons or the like, to reduce the risk of break-
age to render a breakage more easily detected to simplify the removal and replac-
ing of a broken vessel, and to reduce the cost of erection and maintenance.
It consists essentially in constructing the apparatus with double pots, the liquor
containing vessel or pot placed inside a covered iron or other pot and in provid-
ing the outer pot with a pipe extending through the brickwork or wall of the
furnace to carry away any liquor in case of a breakage or overflow, and prevent-
ing it running into the flues.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which sufficient of the apparatus is shown to illustrate it.
Fig. 1. Longitudinal sectional elevation.
Fig. 2. Transverse section on line xy.
The apparatus is constructed with a bed of terrace built brick work A with a
furnace at one end (not shown) and flues B running underneath in the usual way
to the chimney to heat the surface of the terraced or inclined brickwork.
In the brickwork at intervals I place or insert iron frames C, of square or other
shape, and in those are set covered iron pots D. The pots D are of oblong shape
at the rim, and provided or formed with a cavity d deepening towards the centre
of the bottom. Each is provided with a nozzle or small pipe E attached to one
side near the lowest point. The pipe E or nozzle is connected with a pipe F lead-
ing to the outside of the brickwork, to convey to a well or vessel any acids or
liquor that may be spilled therein by accident or damage to the apparatus.
Each of the pots D is enclosed or covered with a metal or other cover G, which
prevents the escape of fumes from the concentrating vessel H. The cover is

page_text: formed with an opening or aperture 7 at the top, surrounded by a flange forming
a cup g¹. Over the aperture g and resting in the cup g¹ I place a glass or other tube K
leading into a draught pipe or trunk L to convey any fumes or gas that may
arise into a condensing or other apparatus, as usually employed in acid manu-
facture, and afterwards into chimney. Thermometers are also placed in pot-
covers to show heat of acids etcaetera being concentrated or rectified.
At the sides of the pots D are covers or lids e through which access can be had
to the flue at the side of the pot, and which can be raised or removed for the
removal and insertion of a fresh pot.
,
These iron pots are partially filled with sand to act as sand baths with the heat
underneath and along side of brickwork.
Into each of the pots D and resting upon the sand therein, I place small
concentrating vessels H to receive the acid or other liquid. This vessel is made
of glass, porcelain iron or other fire and acid resisting material, and is of a shape
corresponding to the shape of the outer pot I).
The inner or concentrating vessel H is formed with one or more upright
divisions, plates or diaphragms h across, to give the liquor a circuitous flow from
inlet to outlet along the bottom of vessel, and a bent nozzle or outlet h¹³ of about
one inch wide all placed so that about four inches of the vessel is above the level
of rim of the iron pot, and the outlet of the vessel is immediately above the inlet
of the next succeeding vessel.
The concentrating vessel H is comparatively small and shallow, so as to hold
ouly a small quantity of acid or liquor, so that it is inexpensive to replace in case
of breakage, and but little of the liquor will be lost.
Cross flues b lead from the bottom flue to the upper flue, which are opened and
closed as required, to regulate the heat by dampers B¹.
The apparatus may also be made in the form of jacketed pans heated by steam,
or hot air or gases.
I also provide a cooling apparatus formed of several vessels with pipe coil
around inside for water to pass through placed inside each other with a space
large enough for water to circulate between.
Above the highest part of flue I place a tank for storage of acid or other liquid
to be concentrated or rectified.
The contents of this highest tank are run into a filter or separator placed under-
neath containing ground glass, flint or other suitable filtering media, thence into
a number of small shallow pans, having inlet and outlet pockets for liquor to
flow into and through each other, and from these pans into and through the glass,
porcelain or other vessels H, numbering about twenty, passing from them into the
cooling apparatus. Thence the concentrated or rectified acids or liquors may be
run off into store tanks or vessels for delivery etcetera. The number of the glass
vessels or tubes may be varied as required.
By this arrangement all acids, solutions or liquors being concentrated or
rectified proceed in a direct, continuous flow, thus while the vessels contain
only a small quantity, the acid liquor etcetera, quickly becomes stronger and
denser in transit, while any liquor spilled through vessels breaking is recovered
and not allowed to run into furnace and lost.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;-
1. A concentrating apparatus constructed with double pots, one placed to rest
upon a sand bath inside the other, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. In apparatus for concentrating acid or other liquid an outer pot in which
the concentrating vessel rests, constructed with a pipe or nozzle leading to the
exterior of the furnace for recovering any liquor that may be spilled, and pre-
venting same running into the flues, substantially as described.
3. In apparatus for concentrating acid or other liquid, the combination with the

page_text: brickwork of the metal plates placed to support the pots, the outer pots D pro-
vided with spouts or pipes to carry off any spilled liquor, the covers G and the.
shallow concentrating vessels H of small capacity placed in the pots D, sub-
stantially as described and shown.
4. Apparatus for concentrating acid or other liquid constructed and arranged, 5
substantially as described and shown."
Doted this 6th dow of Navambar 1907
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.
Manchester, Liverpool & London, Patent Agents.