A NEW OR IMPROVED PAVE- MENT, PITCHING, OR COVERING FOR STREETS, ROADS, WAYS, AND PLACES
Year: 1825

page_text: MAC CARTHY'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN JAMES
ALEXANDER MAC CARTHY, late of Pall Mall Place, in the Parish of Saint
James, in the City of Westminster, but now of No. 6, Polygon Buildings, in
the Parish of Clapham, in the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Fourth, in and by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Tenth day of November, in the sixth year of His reign,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, did give and grant unto me, the
said John James Alexander Mac Carthy, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, His special licence, full power, solo privilege and authority, that I,
the said John James Alexander Mac Carthy, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves, or by my and their
deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said John
James Alexander Mac Carthy, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED PAVE-
MENT, PITCHING, OR COVERING FOR STREETS, ROADS, WAYS, AND PLACES;" in
which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said
John James Alexander Mac Carthy, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the

page_text: same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereto had, will more
fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John James Alexander Mac Carthy, do hereby describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by the Drawings in the margin of these Presents, and the following description
thereof; that is to say:
Stone or any other material or materials, whether natural or artificial, and
of any adequate size, is formed into a block, solid or otherwise, plane on the
upper and under surfaces, the same block having on one side or on one end, or
on one side and on one end, one or more projecting or protruding tooth or teeth,
tenon or tenons, angle or angles, portion or portions of a circle or of an elipsis,
and having on another side or on another end, or on another side and on
another end, one or more indented or receding socket or sockets, or mortice or
mortices, or angle or angles, or portion or portions of a circle or of an elipsis,
such several angles to be right, or more or less acute or obtuse, as it may be
deemed convenient. The blocks of one or any of the forms above described
are laid upon the place intended to be paved or covered, contiguous to, or
adjoining, or fitted to each other cross jointed to check each other, that is to
say, the projecting or protruding tooth or teeth, tenon or tenons, angle or
angles, portion or portions of a circle or of an clipsis, of one or more block or
blocks, is or are inserted in or joined to the indented or receding socket or
sockets, or mortice or mortices, or angle or angles, or portion or portions of a
circle or of an elipsis of another block or of other blocks cross jointed, to check
each other bondwise, as is observed in laying down brick and other pavements,
and each block is placed or laid in such manner as that each is supported
by cach, until the space intended to be paved shall be paved or covered with
blocks formed as aforesaid. Cement, gravel, sand, or other materials, may or
may not be interposed between each block, but I prefer not to use either.
Figure 1 shews the form of stone or of other material which I prefer using:
Figure 2, a superficial view of the pavement or covering, the side A
describing a sectional view.
Figure 3, views of the ends of stones or other material of the form I prefer
using.
Figure 4 represents the form of an instrument by which, with a lever, any
part of the pavement or covering may be lifted, as herein-after mentioned.
When it shall be required to unpave or uncover a street, road, way, or

page_text: place, or part of a street, road, way, or place, paved or covered with stone.or
other material as aforesaid, having a projecting or protruding tooth or tenon
or angle, or portion of a circle or of an clipsis, on one side or one end only
(and not on one side and on one end also), and having on another side or on
another end an indented or receding socket or mortice or angle, or portion of
a circle or of an elipsis, then the point of the lifting iron is to be placed
between the ends or the sides, as the case may require, of the stones or of
other material, as near as is convenient to the portion intended to raised.
The link (a), Fig. 4, at the top of the lifting iron, being let down, the iron is
then driven downwards with a beetle or mallet at (6), as far as the collar or
stop ring (c); the iron is then to be turned on its point (f) by the cross
handle (d), or with a lever passed through the link (a), until the spur (e)
comes beneath the stone or other material intended to be raised, and then, by
the means of the lever (9), Figure 5, passes through the link (d), Figure 4,
the stone or other material (h), Figure 6, will be raised, as is represented in
Figure 6. When it shall be required to unpave or uncover a street, road,
way, or place paved or covered with stone or other material as aforesaid,
having on one side and on one end a projecting or protruding tooth or
tenon or angle, or portion of a circle or of an elipsis, and having on another
side and on another end an indented or receding socket or mortice or angle,
or portion of a circle or of an elipsis, then the pavement or covering must be
removed by an iron lever or crowbar being applied to or under the pavement
or covering, commencing at the outward edge thereof.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Ninth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and