IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWING TACKLE, APPLICABLE ALSO AS A TUBE CUTTER
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hammond, of Valo Race, Rupert St., Birming-
ham, in the County of Warwickshire, Tool Maker, and William George
Causer, of Alfred Rd., Handsworth, in the County of Staffordshire,
Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWING
TACKLE, APPLICABLE ALSO AS A TUBE CUTTER.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hammond and William
George Causer, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd
November 1876.
JOHN HAMMOND, of Vale Place, Rupert St., Birmingham, in the County of
Warwickshire, Tool Maker, and WILLIAM GEORGE CAUSER, of Alfred Rd., Hands-
worth, in the County of Staffordshire, Mechanical Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCREWING TACKLE, APPLICABLE ALSO AS A TUBE CUTTER."
"
Our Invention relates to stocks & dies employed for screwing various descrip-
tions of metal tubes & also for those employed in threading or screwing bolts.
The first & principal part of our Invention consists in various arrangements by
which the mechanism employed for closing in the dies upon their work, may also
be made to release & withdraw them, the practice hitherto having been to release
the pressure from off the dies, & afterwards thrust them back by means of the
finger; the two actions by this Invention being resolved into one will effect an
equal saving of time.
The second part of the Invention relates to an arrangement of stock, in which
we employ three or more dies or chasers, which are caused to advance towards or
receed from the tube or bolt to be threaded by the rotation of a cam ring consisting
of three or more inclines which act upon the dies or chasers in the manner before
related, the said cam ring is turned on its outer edge & works in a socket formed to
receive it in the body of the stock as a bearing, its rotation being effected either by
[Price 6d1

page_text: means of a short handle conveniently arranged in the circumference of the said ring
or by a worm or pinion gearing into teeth cut upon a part of the circumference of
the said ring for that purpose.
The dies or chasers are guided & held up to their work by means of three or
inore parallel slots conveniently arranged for that purpose near the centre of the
stock.
The action of propelling & returning the dies as above described may also be
effected by forming the inclines in the body of the stock & revolving the centre
guide, but we are of opinion that the first mentioned arrangement is the best.
By inserting a cutter or cutters in place of the dies the apparatus may be used
as a tube cutter.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Hammond and William George Causer in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd May 1877.
JOHN HAMMOND, of Vale Place, Rupert Street, Birmingham, in the County of 1
Warwickshire, Tool Maker, and WILLIAM GEORGE CAUSER, of Alfred Road, Hands-
worth, in the County of Staffordshire, Mechanical Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCREWING TACKLE, ALSO APPLICABLE AS A TUBE CUTTER."
Our Invention relates principally to tackle or apparatus for screwing metal tubes
or bolts.
In order that our Invention may be fully understood we have caused a Sheet of
Drawings to accompany this Specification. The Drawings are marked with letters
of reference, corresponding parts being marked with the same letters in the various
Figures.
Referring now to the said Drawings, Fig. 1 represents the general arrangement
of stock we employ for screwing metal tubes. Fig. 1 A being a detail of one of the
dies; & Fig. 1 B, an inverted plan of the adjustable guides; Fig. 2 is an arrange-
ment of the same description of stock adapted for screwing bolts. Figures 1 & 2
embrace plan & elevation, the latter in each case being partly in section.
Fig. 3 shews another arrangement of stock for screwing bolts, the dies & pro-
pelling motion differing in forin & arrangement from that shewn in Fig. 2. Fig. 3
embraces plan & longitudinal section.
In Fig. 1 a, a, a, a, are steel dies or chasers (shewn in detail at 1 A) fitted to slide
to & fro in suitable channels provided for that purpose in the body of the stock b.
Abutting upon the ends of the dies or chasers are the curved inclines forming a
ring; these are of an equal thickness throughout, thus giving an incline on each of
their inner & outer surfaces, the inner ones being used to propel the dies forward,
& the outer to bring them back again. The upper part of the ring, which is herein-
after called the cam ring is cylindrical, its periphery being turned to fit into a
recess formed to receive it in the body of the stock, so that it may be made to
rotate within the said body on moving it to the right or left by means of the
handle d. The dies & ring being respectively in position, the whole is kept in
place by the plate e & the screws. The locking screw h is provided to prevent the
cam ring being moved from external causes when once set to any size that may be
required. The ring c is indexed, & the body of the stock has a pointer thereon
so that the dies may easily be set to cut any required dia of pipe within the
range of the stock. On the under side of the stock is provided a pair of adjustable
guides g arranged to suit any size of pipe within the range of the stock; their form
& purpose will readily be seen on reference to the Drawings.
If in place of the threaded dies blank dies are provided in 2 or 3 of the channels,

page_text: •
or slotts & cutters in the others the apparatus may thus be used as a cutter for
severing the tubes.
In screwing bolts with this form of stock some modification is necessary;
for
instance, the inclines are not so steep, having only to throw the dies in & out equal
to the depth of thread on the bolt, for as the pitch of the thread changes with every
different diameter of bolt it is necessary to have a set of dies for each size as in the
ordinary stock, also as the threads are for the most part deeper & wider in pitch
than those of ordinary tubing it is necessary to have some nieans other than the
handle d for forcing up the dies upon the work as the cutting proceeds; to effect
this we carry up the cam ring c above the level of the stock b & perforate it
with holes, in which a short lever or tommy may be inserted.
The advantages of this form of stock over the ordinary one are that the dies all
advance & recede uniformly to & from the centre of the stock.
The dies may be set in a moment to cut any diameter of pipe within the range
of the stock without the trouble of removing any part or putting in other dies.
The dies can be readily taken out & sharpened on a common grindstone without
the trouble of softening them. The dies are set at the most advantageous cutting
angle, thus the labour of cutting the threads is much reduced & the work is
quicker & better done. The action of releasing also brings back the dies.
Fig. 3 shews another arrangement of stocks & dies for screwing either pipes or
bolts, altho' it is more particularly adapted for the latter. The body a of the stock
consists of a plain piece of iron substansialy as shewn in the Drawing, perforated
near its centre with a hole of suitable size & shape for the reception of a polygonal
die b, & so arranged that when the said die is in position one of its faces shall be
adjacent to the recess c. Beyond this recess c is the boss & tapped to receive the
screwed part of the handle e, the other handle e¹ being formed in one piece with
the body of the stock. Within the recess c, and capable of sliding to & fro, is the block
f, which is also perforated with a hole for the reception of a polygonal die g,
the extremity of the block f nearest the boss of the stock is chambered out to
receive the end of the handle e; this ond has a collar ring turned into it, & being
inserted into the chamber of the block f & coupled up with a pin, as shewn in
the Drawing, at once provides a propelling & withdrawing motion for the die g
through the medium of the screwed handle e: Upon each face of the polygonal dies
is cut a screw thread of suitable size & pitch for the various sizes of bolts
required to be cut with the said dies, the dies & threads thereon being so
arranged that as the various faces of b & g are brought into juxta position they
shall present the same pitch of thread. Thus, if it is required, to screw a 3/4" bolt
the die b is placed in its recess, so that the face having the 3/4" thread thereon is
opposite the die g, & the die g is turned round until its face having the ³/'
thread theroon is opposite to the die b.
•
The dies & block are kept in position by the plates h & k; the plate being
rivetted to the under side of the stock, & the plate k sliding upon the upper side
is retained in position by the pins m, m.
Various modifications may be made in the apparatus if desired, as for instance,
the cam ring in Fig. 1 & 2 may be actuated by wheel & pinion or by a screw &
worm wheel, or the arrangement for propelling & withdrawing the dies may be
varied, or instead of having threads cut at all sides of the dies in Fig. 3 some of
them may be V to receive taps, & the stock may be used as a tap wrench, also the
dies in Fig. 3 are not restricted to six sides, but may be more or less, as required.
Having now herein fully described & indicated the nature of our improvements
in screwing tackle, & the manner in which we now carry the same into practical
effect, we would have it understood that we claim,-
First. An arrangement of stocks & dies, in which the dies are actuated in their
forward & backward movements by a cam ring.
Second. The various arrangements by which the dies are propelled & withdrawn.
Third. The general arrangement & construction of stock, dies, & all parts & con-

page_text: nections, as shewn in the Drawings, Fig. 1, 1 A, 1 B, 2, & 3, & as explained in
the Specification herewith.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Hammond & William George Causer,
have hereunto set our hands & scals, this Twenty-first day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred & seventy-seven.
JOHN HAMMOND.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM GEORGE CAUSER. (L.S.)