IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to George Albion Helliwell and John Henry Waller
both of Todmorden in the County of Yorkshire for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Albion Helliwell
and John Henry Waller at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
22nd May 1883.
GEORGE ALBION HELLIWELL and JOHN HENRY WALLER both of Todmorden
in the County of Yorkshire "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
"
These improvements in machinery for spinning and doubling cotton and other
fibrous substances relate to the parts commonly known as Ashworth's tubes. The
chief objects of the improvements are, to increase the strength of the fixed tube,
to enable a greater height of "lift" to be employed, and to increase the capabilities
of the machinery to which the improvements are applied in regard to the range of
"counts" which may be spun. In carrying out these improvements the fixed tube
is made out of steel or other suitable tubing, and the lower end of the tube is
screwed. This tube is secured in the lifting rail either by screwing it into a
screwed hole therein and locking it with a lock nut above the lifting rail, or by
means of lock nuts both above and below the lifting rail; in the latter case the
hole in the lifting rail need not be screwed, and should the hole in the lifting rail
be larger than necessary for admitting the tube, the top lock nut may be formed
with a projecting portion which will fit the hole. Fixed tubes constructed
according to this arrangement are much stronger than the cast iron ones usually.
employed, and allow of a greater height of "lift" being adopted. At the upper
end of the fixed tube are secured an internal liner which acts as a bearing for the
spindle, and an external liner which acts as a bearing for the loose tube (or bobbin
shell). The loose tube has a bearing at the top end upon the spindle and also one

page_text: upon the external liner on the fixed tube, and at the bottom it has a bearing in
the top lock nut, which is recessed for the purpose. A small projecting peg is
inserted in the spindle in order to prevent the loose tube from being drawn off the
spindle when the bobbin is "doffed" Should it be desired to avoid the necessity
of removing the peg when it is required to take the loose tube off the spindle, the
upper part of the loose tube which has its bearing on the spindle may be formed
with a groove, through which the projecting part of the peg will pass when the
groove and peg are fairly opposite each other. According to another method, the
loose tube may be prevented from coming off the spindle when the bobbin is
"doffed" by inserting into the lower end of the loose tube a bush (which may be
cut through either wholly or partly so as to make it act as a spring bush) whose
internal diameter is smaller than the external diameter of the external liner at the
top of the fixed tube. The bush is so fitted that a slight force suffices to remove it
when it is required to take the loose tube off the spindle. The bush may be made
to project beyond the lower end of the loose tube, and in this case the bush instead
of the loose tube may occupy the bearing formed by the recess in the top lock nut.
For imparting" drag" to the bobbin the latter is caused to rest upon a ring of
suitable diameter for producing the amount of "drag" required, two or more rings
being provided which may be used alternatively for producing different amounts of
'drag" according to the fineness of the "counts
to be spun.
One of the rings
may be formed upon the top lock nut, and the other or others may be applied as
required; each of the rings so applied may be formed so as to present two
alternative diameters of ring to the bobbin according as one end or the other of
the ring stands uppermost. The arrangement of the bearings of the loose tube
(whereby among other features the spindle tends to assist the rotation of the
loose tube) and the variable diameters of ring afford facilities for spinning a
greater range of "counts" than is practicable with the machinery at present
"
in use.
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Albion Helliwell and John Henry Waller in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 22nd November 1883.
GEORGE ALBION HELLIWELL and JOHN HENRY WALLER both of Todmorden
in the County of Yorkshire IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
These improvements in Machinery for Spinning and Doubling Cotton and other
fibrous substances relate to the parts commonly known as Ashworths tubes. The
chief objects of the improvements are to increase the strength of the fixed tube, to
enable a greater height of "lift" to be employed, and to increase the capabilities of
the machinery to which the improvements are applied in regard to the range of
"counts". which may be spun. In carrying out these improvements the fixed tube
is made out of steel or other suitable tubing, and the lower end of the tube is
screwed. This tube is secured in the lifting rail either by screwing it into a hole
therein and locking it with a lock nut above the lifting rail, or by means of lock
nuts both above and below the lifting rail; in the latter case the hole in the lifting.
rail need not be screwed, and should the hole in the lifting rail be larger than
necessary for admitting the tube, the top lock nut may be formed with a projecting
portion which will fit the hole. Fixed tubes constructed according to this arrange-
ment are much stronger than the cast iron ones usually employed, and allow of a
greater height of "lift" being adopted. At the upper end of the fixed tube are
secured an internal liner which acts as a bearing for the spindle, and an external
liner which acts as a bearing for the loose tube (or bobbin shell). The loose tube
has a bearing at the top end upon the spindle and also one upon the external liner
on the fixed tube, and at the bottom it has a bearing in the top lock nut, which is
recessed for the purpose. A small projecting peg is inserted in the spindle in order.
to prevent the loose tube from being drawn off the spindle when the bobbin is
doffed." Should it be desired to avoid the necessity of removing the peg when
it is required to take the loose tube off the spindle, the upper part of the loose tube
which has its bearing on the Spindle may be formed with a groove, through which
the projecting part of the peg will pass when the groove and peg are fairly opposite
each other. According to another method, the loose tube may be prevented from
coming off the spindle when the bobbin is "doffed" by inserting into the lower end
of the loose tube a bush (which may be cut through either wholly or partly so as
to make it act as a spring bush) whose internal diameter is smaller than the
external diameter of the external liner at the top of the fixed tube. The bush is
so fitted that a slight force suffices to remove it when it is required to take the
loose tube off the Spindle.
"
"
"
The bush may be made to project beyond the lower end of the loose tube, and
in this case the bush instead of the loose tube may occupy the bearing formed by
the recess in the top lock nut. For imparting "drag" to the bobbin the latter is
caused to rest upon a ring of suitable diameter for producing the amount of " drag
required, two or more rings being provided which may be used alternatively for
producing different amounts of "drag" according to the fineness of the "counts
to be spun. One of the rings may be formed upon the top lock nut, and the other
or others may be applied as required; each of the rings so applied may be formed
so as to present two alternative diameters of ring to the bobbin according as one
end or the other of the ring stands uppermost. The arrangement of the bearings
of the loose tube (whereby among other features the spindle tends to assist the
rotation of the loose tube) and the variable diameters of ring afford facilities for
spinning a greater range of "counts" than is practicable with the machinery at
present in use

page_text: «
In the accompanying sheet of drawings:-Fig. A is a front elevation. Fig. Ba
plan and Fig. C. a transverse vertical section illustrating one method of carrying
out the present improvements. 1 is the spindle, 2 is the fixed tube (of steel or other
suitable metal) screwed into a hole in the lifting rail 3, and locked in its place by
the lock nut 4; the fixed tube 2 is fitted at the top with an internal liner 5 which
serves as a bearing for the spindle 1 and with an external liner 6 which serves as a
bearing for the upper part of the bobbin shell 7; this bobbin shell also bears at its
upper end upon the spindle 1 (which therefore tends to rotate it) and at its lower
end in a recess in the lock nut 4 as shown; 8 is a pin fixed in the spindle 1 for
preventing the bobbin shell from coming off the spindle when the bobbin is
"doffed;" in order that the hobbin shell may be taken off the spindle when
required; the pin 8 is either made removeable or the part of the bobbin shell
which bears upon the spindle is grooved (either spirally or parallel with the axis
of the spindle) so as to allow it to pass over the pin; 9 (Figure C) is a bobbin ; at
the top of the lock nut 4 is formed a ring upon which the bobbin may sometimes
be supported and which then acts as a "drag" upon the bobbin. The amount of
drag" upon the bobbin varies with the diameter of the supporting ring. When
"counts
are being spun which require a greater amount of "drag" than the ring
on the lock nut 4 will produce, a larger ring 10 is applied which encircles the lock
nut 4, it will be seen that when the ring 10 is in position and acts as a support for
and as a "drag" upon the bobbin (as shewn in Figure C), the latter then runs clear
of the lock nut 4; the ring 10 is formed of a larger diameter, at one end than at
the other and either end is placed uppermost according as the larger or the smaller
diameter corresponds to the amount of "drag" required. The differences between
the diameters of the respective rings as shown in the drawing are very small; it is
however obvious that these differences may be made greater if required. In the
drawing the ring 10 is shown split, so as to clasp the lock nut firmly; it may
however sometimes be made solid instead of being split if required.
Figures D and E are respectively a front elevation and a vertical section shewing
some modifications in the arrangement shown in Figures A. B. C.-In Figures D
and E the hole in the lifting rail 3 is larger than the diameter of the fixed tube 2
and the latter is held in its place by the lock nut 4 (as previously described, but
now having a projecting part on the under side as shown which fits into the hole
in the lifting rail) on the upper side of the lifting rail, and by the lock nut 11 at
the under side of this rail. In these two figures (D and E) also, the bobbin shell 7
is shown fitted at its lower end (which is suitably formed for the purpose) with a
spring bush 12 represented separately by figures F, G, which are respectively an
elevation and a plan; the internal diameter of the spring bush is smaller than the
external diameter of the external liner 6 (Figure C), and consequently when the
bobbin is doffed, the bobbin shell is prevented from being pulled off the spindle by
the spring bush 12 coming up against the end of the liner 6, the pin 8 being omitted
in this modification.
Figure H is an elevation of the fixed tube 2 fitted at its upper end with the
external liner 6, and at its lower end with the lock nut 4 as for the arrangement
shown in Figures D, E-It will be seen that for convenience in screwing up, the
nut 4 is formed as to one part of it to receive an ordinary screw key; the lock nut
in the arrangement shown in Figures A. B. C. is similarly formed.
A fixed tube, of steel, secured as described above is much stronger than the cast
iron tubes commonly used; consequently a greater height of "lift" is rendered
admissible; and by means of the variable amount of "drag" upon the bobbin
which can be produced by using the alternative rings and of the tendency of the
spindle to rotate the bobbin shell a greater range of "counts" may be spun than is
practicable with the machinery at present in use.
Having described the nature of our invention and shown how it may be carried
into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we claim as novel is:-
1. The fixed tube 2 made of steel or other suitable material screwed exteriorly
at the lower end and fitted at the upper end with internal and external liners in

page_text: combination either with a lock nut 4 (Figure C) or with lock nuts 4 and 11
(Figure E) for holding the fixed tube in position in the lifting rail 3 (in the former
case the fixed tube being screwed into the hole in the lifting rail) substantially as
described and shown.
2. The removeable and reversible ring 10 for regulating the amount of ".
produced upon the bobbin, substantially as described and shown.
drag"
3. In combination with a bobbin which rests upon a ring (substantially as
described and shown) for the purpose of producing and regulating "drag," a bobbin
shell 7 having a bearing upon the spindle 1. another bearing upon the Liner 6 and
another in the lock nut 4.
4. The pin 8 in combination with the bobbin shell 7 (Figures A and C) substan-
tially as described and shown and for the purposes specified.
5. The spring bush 12 in combination with the bobbin shell 7 and fixed tube 2
(Figures E. F. G) substantially as described and shown and for the purposes
specified.
6. The general combination of a spindle 1, fixed tube 2, lock nut 4 (with or
without the projecting part on the underside shown in Figure E, and with or
without the lock nut 11 shown in the same Figure) and bobbin shell 7, with
or without the removeable and reversible ring 10, and with or without the arrange-
ment of spring bush 12 (Figures E, F. G.) in place of the arrangement of pin 8
(Figures A. C.) all substantially as described and shown.
In witness whereof we George Albion Helliwell and John Henry Waller have
hereunto set our hands and seals this twentieth day of November one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three
GEORGE ALBION HELLIWELL (L.S.)
JOHN HENRY WALLER
(L.S.)