IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LUBRICATING MATTERS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christopher Hill, of the Great Western
Railway, Swindon, in the County of Wilts, for the Invention of
T
T
"
Sealed the 13th April 1853, and dated the 13th October 1852.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th October 1852.
I, CHRISTOPHER HILL, of the Great Western Railway, Swindon, in
the County of Wilts, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LUBRICATING MATTERS
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of combining pulp or paste produced from
rice, potatoes, or other vegetable matter with fatty or oily matters;
lime or alkali being used in the combination..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Christopher Hill in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 13th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
CHRISTOPHER HILL, of the Great Western Railway, Swindon, in the
County of Wilts, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did; for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Christopher Hill, Her special
licence that I, the said Christopher Hill, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Christopher Hill, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LUBRICATING MATTERS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Christopher Hill, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Christopher Hill, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of combining pulp or paste produced from
rice, potatoes, or other vegetable matter with fatty or oily matters,
lime or alkali being used in the combination.
And in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means
pursued by me.

page_text: The vegetable pulp or paste used in preparing lubricating materials
according to my Invention can be obtained from all kinds of grain,
from potatoes, and other vegetable matters possessing similar pro-
perties; I prefer to use rice. I prepare the pulp by softening the
material used by boiling or soaking it in hot or cold water, and when
sufficiently done I add to it proportions of alkali until the whole of
the ingredients are of a soft pulpy nature. The preparation is then
ready for mixing with the fatty or oily substances, or both, which may
previously be partly saponified by melting and mixing with a solution of
soda or caustic alkali and water.
In preparing lubricating compounds according to my Invention, the
proportions may be varied according to the uses to which they are to be
applied.
FOR LUBRICATING FOR RAILWAY AND SUCH LIKE AXLES.
One cwt. of rice boiled in a sufficient quantity of water to increase its*
weight about sixfold. When well boiled I add to it four cwt. of liquid
caustic alkali, prepared as follows: one cwt. of British alkali, one cwt.
of lime, eight cwt. of boiling water. These are to be stirred and well
mixed together, and allowed to stand for about twenty-four hours;.
the liquid will be ready to be combined with the pulp or paste. This
liquid should not exceed five per cent. of soda in strength, tested:
according to the usual mode.
Having mixed four cwt. of alkaline liquid above mentioned with the
pulp, I boil and stir them well together for a short time, then run the
mixture off, and rub it through a very fine sieve; I next take about
two cwt. of tallow, three cwt. of palm oil, four cwt. of the caustic.
alkali, and four cwt. of water, melt and boil them together; then add
the pulp, stirring it as added in with the grease and alkali until all are
thoroughly mixed, when the compound is to be rubbed through the
sieve and passed into coolers to consolidate. It will then be ready
for use.
To make a cheaper lubricating matter for carts, waggons, and any
slow vehicles or machinery with slow movement, I take one cwt. of
bean or other flour, and make it into paste by adding it to and

page_text: stirring it with about six cwt. of boiling water. I then take cight cwt.
of thick line water, about the substance of cream, made by pouring
hot water upon the lime, mixing and rubbing it through a fine sieve;
the flour and lime being well mixed together, I add ten cwt. of fresh
rosin oil, stirring it well till it all become thoroughly mixed and thick.
To make a fluid lubricating compound for purposes where oils have
heretofore been used, I take three cwt. of the liquid linseed, hereafter
described, or a diluted rice pulp, one cwt. linseed oil, one cwt. rape
oil, fourteen lbs. soda solution, hereafter described, or a diluted caustic
alkali solution, mix them well together (cold) until they are well
combined. The liquid linseed before mentioned is prepared by boiling
one cwt. of the seed in sufficient water to yield about twelve cwt. of
good thickish substance. The soda solution used therewith is prepared
by dissolving twenty-eight lbs. of soda in two cwt. of water.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it under-
stood, that although I have been particular in describing the materials I
prefer to use, and the exact proportions thereof, I do not confine myself
thereto, as other like materials and different proportion may be
employed according to my Invention; but what I claim is, the combi-
nations of materials herein described in the mannfacture of lubricating
matters.
In witness whereof, I, the said Christopher Hill, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
CHRISTOPHER HILL. (L.S.)
Witness,
WILLIAM JOHN RICHARDS,
Chippenham.