CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean François Dudebout, of No. 39, Rue de l'Echiquier,
Paris, in the Empire of France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 24th July 1857, and dated the 2nd February 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean François Dudebout
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd February 1857.
I, JEAN FRANÇOIS DUDEBOUT, of No. 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the
Empire of France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING," to be as follows, that is to say:-
The object of this arrangement and construction of loom is to produce gauze,
barège, silk, satin, and crape fabrics.
In order to weave gauze fabrics or barège, I place the warp threads, two by
two, direct in the needles of the two combs A, B, of the accompanying
Drawing. When all the threads are introduced the necessary tension is given,
care being taken to divide them in two equal parts by means of the two
rods C, D, in connection with the rocking bar E, so that one of the two threads
of the warp on the needle may be above the rod C, and the other thread of the
same neelle may be under the rod D, and so on for all the warp. The threads

page_text: being thus inserted, the warp is divided into two equal parts, of which all the
threads of one of the two parts of the warp, viz, the threads under the rod D,
are alone submitted to the action of the notches of the needles of the comb B,
which raise the threads at each shed, and all the threads of the second part,
which are above the rod C, are alone submitted to the action of the reversed
notches F of the needles of the comb A, which lower the threads in a similar
manner at each shed. When the arrangement of the apparatus is complete,
to produce the gauze or barège fabric, I make the first shed by lowering the
treadle G, then, during the passage of the shuttle, the cam H performs a half
revolution, and the two combs A, B, cross each other in a horizontal direction
until each of the warp threads, is sufficiently oblique to enter its respective
notch, and directly the threads are well secured in the notches, they retake a
direct line, and when the shed has arrived as far as possible, the two rods C, D,
by means of the two pullies I, J, which send them backward, are brought
nearer to each other in the direction of the warp, so as to facilitate the rise
and. fall of the threads. The second shed is effected in a similar manner to
the first, by moving the treadle G, with, this difference, however; that at the
first shed each of the threads of the first part of the warp enters the notch of
the needle on the right, and each of the other threads of the second part in the
notch of the left needle; whereas in the second shed, by the action of the
cam H, which completes its revolution, the threads of the first part of the warp
enter the notches.on the left, and the threads of the second part the notches
on the right. By these means, and by repeating alternately the two sheds
with the treadle, the gauze or barège fabric.is produced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of, the conditions, of the Letters: Patent, filed
by the said Jean François Dudebout, in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th July 1857.
TO. ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; I, JEAN
FRANÇOIS DUDEBOUT, of 39, Rue l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France;
and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Jean François Dudebout, Her special license that I, the said Jean François
Dudebout, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as

page_text: I, the said Jean François Dudebout, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,' should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Jean François Dudebout, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within, six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean François Dudebout, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereto
annexed and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say: -
This Invention consists in the introduction of two metallic combs or reeds in
lieu of the ordinary harness to perform the operations of raising and sinking
the warp threads to produce the shed for the passage of the shuttle for weaving
gauze, barège, silk, satin, and crape fabrics.
In order that my Invention may be understood, I will now refer to the
annexed Drawing, in which Figure 1 represents.a front view of the improved
loom; Figure 2 is a separate view of the comb A, placed in front of the frame,
as.shewn in Figure 1; Figure 3 represents the back comb B, placed behind
the frame. The dents forming these two combs are so constructed as to
present at the side a sort of hook, in which the thread to be raised or sunk is
to be introduced. The hooks F, Figure 2, point in a downward direction,
and those of Figure 1 in an upward direction. E, Figure 4, shews the rocking
b. bar, which is placed at the top of the frame, and which bar, by means of two
iron wires connected with the two combs, Figures 2 and 3, causes the latter
comb to rise, and the former, Figure 2, to fall. The two horizontal rods A¹
and B', Figure 5, have their ends fixed to the two pulleys C, D, and by means
of cords passing from the pulleys and over the rocking bar, Figure 4, they are
5 made to turn in opposite directions, which action causes the two rods A¹, B',
Figure 5, which before were separated vertically at a certain distance from the
comb, Figure 2, to approach each other gradually until they touch, moving
farther away from the comb, Figure 3, after which they return to their
original position and repeat the same operation at each shed. The pivot E

page_text: of the cam or excentric, Figure 6, is placed in the socket A, Figure 8. The
rod C is placed in the part M, in the groove of Figure 2, and the part B is
then placed in the bearing I, Figure 7, which is screwed to the frame between
the two combs, Figures 2 and 3. The pivot A, Figure 6, then enters the
groove N of Figure S, and the fork A of the lever or treadle G, Figure 10,
being applied to the pin D, Figure 6, communicates motion to the excentric,
the result of which is, that when one comb moves to the right the other comb
moves to the left, and vice versa. At the part P, Figure 2, in the interior of
the comb is a small pulley, which, when the comb, Figure 2, descends, enters
the slide V, Figure 3, inside the comb, and by these means the 'two combs
preserve during their action the necessary vertical position. Figure 9
shews a plan (full size) of the copper, iron, or steel dent forming the combs.
In order to weave gauze fabrics of sufficient width, I place the warp threads
two by two in the dents, direct in the two combs A, B. When all the
threads are passed through, the necessary tension is given, care being taken
to divide them into two equal parts by means of the two rods A¹, B', 'in
connection with the rocking bar E, so that one of the two threads of the warp
on the needle may be above the rod A, and the other thread of the same dent
may be underneath the röd B, and so on for all the warp, passed two threads
together, between each dent. The threads being thus inserted, the warp is
divided into two equal parts, of which all the threads of one of the two parts of
the warp, for instance, all the threads under the rod B, are alone submitted to
the action of the hooks F of the dents of the comb B, Figure 3, which raise
the threads at each shed, and also all the threads of the second part, which
are above the rod A, are alone submitted to the action of the hooks F of the
dents of the conib A, Figure 2, which lower the threads in a similar manner
at each shed. When the arrangement of the apparatus is complete, for
weaving the gauze fabric or gauze barège, I make the first shed by lowering
the lever or treadle G, Figures 1 and 10; then during the passage of the
shuttle the cam or excentric H, Figure 6, performs a half revolution, and the
two combs A and B cross each other in a horizontal direction until each of the
warp threads is sufficiently oblique to enter its respective hook, and directly
the threads are well secured in the hooks they retake a direct line, and when the
shed has arrived at its extreme distance, the two rods A' and B', Figure 5, by
means of two pullies C and D, which send them backward, are brought nearer
to each other in the direction of the warp, so as to facilitate the rise and fall of
the threads. The second shed is effected in a similar manner to the first, by
moving the treadle-G, with this difference, however, that at the first shed each
of the threads of the first part of the warp enters the hook of the needle on the

page_text: right, and each of the other threads of the second part in the hook of the left
needle; whereas in the second shed, by the action of the excentric H, which
completes its revolutions, the threads of the first part of the warp enter the
hooks on the left, and the threads of the second part the hooks on the right.
By these means, and by repeating alternately the two sheds with the treadlo,
fabric or barège is produced.
the gauze
Having now described the nature of my Invention, I would observe, that
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein laid down; but what
I claim is, the construction and employment of metallic combs as a substitute
for the ordinary harness for weaving gauze, barège, silk, satin, and crape
fabrics, as herein-before described, and referred to in the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean François Dudebout, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
DUDEBOUT, JEAN FRANCOIS. (L.S.)