IMPROVE- TT " MENTS IN HYDRONETTES, HAND PUMPS, AND STRINGES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Burnet Robins, of No. 133, Ladbroke
Grove, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
TT
"
MENTS IN
HYDRONETTES, HAND PUMPS,
AND
STRINGES
Sealed the 13th March 1874, and dated the 2nd January 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Burnet Robins
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 2nd January 1874.
I, WILLIAM BURNET ROBINS, of No. 133, Ladbroke Grove, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRONETTES, HAND PUMPS, AND SYRINGES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in hydronettes, hand
pumps, and syringes. In order that the piston in such instruments may
be made to fit the barrel so as to prevent any leakage during the forcing
stroke and yet work freely and with little friction I employ a leather
disc fixed
upon the piston rod so as to act as a piston; it is cupped so as

page_text: Sometimes I attach the rose or jet nozzle to the syringe by a tubular
neck, in the sides of which slots or holes are cut; a piece of india-
rubber tube of a size to fit it tightly is inserted into the neck. The
india-rubber tube collapses to admit water during the sucking stroke,
but expands and covers the holes tightly during the forcing stroke.
The sulphur with which the india-rubber is vulcanized acts upon the
brass neck into which it is inserted and the parts soon adhere tightly so
that there is no fear of the flexible tube being displaced.
Sometimes I form a valve seat in the cap or front plate of the syringe
and form a corresponding valve seat on the base of the rose or nozzle
carrier, and this piece is able to slide in a ring attached by yokes or arms
with the cap or front plate of the syringe. I apply also a coiled spring
which tends to hold the valve on its seat.
In all cases I would remark that the inlet valve should close with a
spring action in order that the syringe may be conveyed from place to
place without leakage.
When the inlet openings are large I prefer to cover them with
strainers of wire gauze.
When a compound rose and jet is used I can place the inlet valve at
the side.
In constructing a compound rose and jet I arrange the jet nozzle to
be able to slide within a socket in the centre of the rose. At the inner
end of the jet nozzle is a flange with a washer upon it which acts as a
valve and closes a passage in the centre of a partition plate immediately
behind the rose, a coiled spring pressing the jet forward and holding the
valve to its seat; the water then enters the jet nozzle freely but is shut
off from the rose. By pushing back the jet nozzle and locking it by a
bayonet catch the passage to the rose is opened and at the same time the
entrance to the jet nozzle is closed by being pressed against a fixed pad
of leather which is supported on india-rubber to give it more elasticity.

page_text: .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Burnet Robins in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BURNET ROBINS, of No. 133, Ladbroke Grove, in the County of Middle-
sex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Burnet Robins,
Her special license that I, the said William Burnet Robins, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Burnet Robins, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRONETTES, HAND PUMPS, AND SYRINGES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Burnet
Robins, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Burnet Robins, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object improvements in hydronettes, hand
pumps, and syringes. In order that the piston in such instruments may
be made to fit the barrel so as to prevent any leakage during the forcing
stroke and yet work freely and with little friction I employ a leather
disc fitted upon the piston rod so as to act as a piston; it is cupped so

page_text: as to tend to expand against the sides of the barrel during the forcing
stroke, but the complete expansion of the cupped disc is ensured by
mechanical means. There is also mounted upon the piston rod a sliding
piston which is packed with a fibrous packing to fit the barrel easily.
This piston has an annular projection upon it corresponding to the con-.
cavity of the cupped leather disc, and at the commencement of the
forcing stroke this projection is made to strike upon the leather disc
entering the hollow of the leather and expanding it against the sides of
the barrel; thus a blow tending to open and expand the cupped leather
is given to it at each stroke, the piston rod at the commencement of the
forcing stroke carrying the cupped leather with it but the sliding piston
remaining stationary in the barrel for an instant until the leather strikes
against it and then move on together to the end of the stroke, separating
again by a short space at the commencement of the return or suction
stroke.
In the annexed Drawings Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, of
a syringe provided with a piston constructed according to my Invention.
a is the barrel of the syringe, at one end it is provided with a rose and
jet of novel construction. These and other parts shewn in the Drawing
at this end of the instrument are herein-after described, they form parts
of my Invention independent of the piston which may be worked in a
syringe with an ordinary syringe rose fitted to the end of the barrel.
b is the piston rod, it is provided with a handle 6', and it works freely
through a screw cap a¹ serving as a guide which closes the barrel at one
end. The piston consists of several parts; c¹ is a metal disc fixed on.
the piston rod, it is of such a size that it does not come into contact
with the sides of the barrel, it is concave on its face which supports a
cupped leather disc c² which is of a size to fit closely to the interior of
the barrel; is a metal piston free to slide on the piston rod; cs* is
a worsted packing with which this piston is provided; c¹ is a stop nut
to retain the piston c³ upon the rod, and it is able to slide to and fro
between this nut and the leather disc c²; the suction mainly depends
upon the worsted packing of the movable piston. At the commence-
ment of the suction stroke this piston remains stationary whilst the
leather disc c recedes from it and until the nut c* comes against it, it.
then moves with the rod for the remainder of the stroke. In the forcing
stroke the movable piston c³ stands still at the commencement of the
stroke and until the cupped leather disc c² strikes it, and it is this blow

page_text: which expands the leather and makes it fit the barrel perfectly water-
tight.
Figure 2 shews a side view, partly in section, of a hydronette or hand
pump provided with a similar piston. The parts are marked with corre-
sponding letters of reference. a is the barrel; b, the piston rod, which
is now made hollow as the delivery of the water is through it; c¹, c², c³ c³×,
and c¹ are the several parts of the piston; d is a union piece into which
the end of the barrel a is fitted, it receives a flexible suction pipe and
contains a metal ball suction valve ď¹; the ball rests in a ground seat
and its motion is limited by a stop pin d²; the hollow piston rod 6 is
made to receive the metal ball delivery valve 6¹, and 62 is the stop for
the valve; e is the jet nozzle, and a rose to take its place. In order
to give free admission of water into syringes I provide an inlet valve.
Sometimes, as is shewn at Figure 1, I arrange the inlet valve at the
side of the barrel. h is a screw cap closing an opening into the barrel;
h¹ is a hole in the cap to give free admission to the water; h² is a pin
fixed in a cross piece extending across the opening in the barrel; i is a
leather washer closing the hole ¹; behind it is a metal disc covering
the washer, and on this the coiled spring / which encircles the pin h²
presses. The spring yields freely to admit water during the suction.
stroke and then immediately causes the leather washer to return into
contact with cap / covering the inlet hole h¹.
Sometimes I arrange the inlet valve at the end of the barrel. I use a
leather ring or washer which can move bodily to and from the holes in
the cap or front plate, and I apply a coiled metal spring tending con-
stantly to press it up to the holes so as to close them perfectly that the
syringe when charged may be carried from place to place without
leakage. Figure 3 shews a longitudinal section of such an outlet valve.
k is the cap or front plate to be screwed on to the barrel of a syringe;
are holes in it to admit water; these holes surround a neck
which beyond is expanded and has a screw formed on it to receive the
rose ³; is an annular leather washer serving as a valve to close the
holes ¹, it is supported by the telescopic thimbles m, m, which are
surrounded by the coiled spring n. By screwing the cap on to the barrel
of the syringe the spring n is compressed sufficiently to hold the valve
close to its seat, but on the suction stroke it is able to yield further and
it allows water to pass the valve freely to enter the barrel.

page_text: Sometimes I form a valve seat in the cap or front plate of the syringe
and form a corresponding valve on the base of the rose or nozzle carrier,
and this piece is able to slide in a ring attached by yokes or arms with
the cap or front plate of the syringe. I apply also a coiled spring which
tends to hold the valve on its seat.
In Figure 4 o is the cap which screws on to the barrel of the syringe,
it has a valve seat at o³, o¹; and o³, 0%, are two arms carrying a ring o³
in which the rose or nozzle carrier p is able to slide; this piece has its
base formed into a cone valve at p', and it is properly ground into its
seat; the spring 9 presses the jet carrier forward and holds the valve in
its seat, but nevertheless admits of the valve lifting freely during the
suction stroke; is the jet nozzle.
In all cases I would remark that the inlet valve should close with a
spring action in order that the syringe may be conveyed from place to
place without leakage.
When a combined rose and jet is used I can place the inlet valve at
the side.
In constructing a combined rose and jet I arrange the jet nozzle to be
able to slide within a socket in the centre of the rose. At the inner end
of the jet nozzle is a flange with a washer upon it which acts as a valve
and closes a passage in the centre of a partition plate immediately
behind the rose, a coiled spring pressing the jet forward and holding the
valve to its seat; the water then enters the jet nozzle freely but is shut
off from the rose. By pushing back the jet nozzle and locking it by a
bayonet catch the passage to the rose is opened and at the same time
the entrance to the jet nozzle is closed by being pressed against a fixed
pad of leather which is supported on india-rubber to give it more
elasticity. Figure 1 shews a combined rose and jet of this construction.
s is the cap of the syringe; t, a rose which screws upon it; in its centre
is a socket ¹ through which the jet nozzle is able to move in and out
a short distance; a coiled spring u¹ presses the jet nozzle outwards, and
when free causes a head u³ formed at the inner end of the jet nozzle and
which supports a leather ring to press against the partition plate which
is screwed into the rose behind its front perforated face; the opening v*
in the plate is then closed, but the water is able to pass freely through
the jet nozzle. The Drawing does not however shew the parts in this
position, the jet nozzle has been pushed back, compressing the spring u¹,

page_text: WILLIAM BURNET ROBINS. (L.S.)