matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William March of 32 Saint Mary Axe in the City of
London, Merchant for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
ITT
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William March at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1882.
WILLIAM MARCH of 32 Saint Mary Axe in the City of London, Merchant
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TIP WAGONS AND OTHER SIMILAR
VEHICLES
"
The hinder ends of the sides of the frame upon which the Waggon rests are
constructed of iron or steel & are bent outwards and downwards forming two spurs.
To the outer ends of both of these spurs are fastened axle, arms upon which the
hind wheels revolve. The fastening may be effected by a plate, flat or angular,
forged, or otherwise, on to the collar of the arm which plate is bolted or rivetted
to the spur; or it may be done by extending the collar part of the arm so as to go
through the spur.
Should the Waggon be mounted on springs, this plate, or extended collar, may be
fastened to the end of the springs in a similar way as it would be done if attached
directly to the spur,
The second part of my invention consists in dispensing with a fore-carriage,
as well as with one of the front wheels by substituting an iron, or other metal,
arched pedestal with locking arrangement & perch bolt at the top of such
pedestal. The wheel and axle revolve inside the arched pedestal. Should the
waggon be mounted on springs the axle will work in a pair of sliding blocks
which press up against the springs which may be either a spiral coil or like the
ordinary grass-hopper or side springs.
The third part of my invention consists in a crank, link & connecting
rod arrangement, one part of which being fastened to the fixed frame of the
waggon & the other parts to the tipping body & tail board of same, opens the
door or tail board simultaneously with & by the action of the tipping of the
Waggon

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William March in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th September 1882.
WILLIAM MARCH of Number 32 Saint Mary Axe in the City of London
Merchant IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TIP WAGONS AND OTHER
SIMILAR VEHICLES
The hinder ends of the sides of the Frame upon which the Wagon rests are
constructed of Iron or Steel and are bent outwards and downwards forming two
Spurs To the outer ends of both of these Spurs are fastened Axle arms upon
which the hind wheels revolve The fastening may be effected by a Plate flat or
angular forged or otherwise on to the collar of the arm which Plate is bolted or
rivetted to the Spur or it may be done by extending the collar part of the arm so
as to go through the Spurs
Should the Wagon be mounted on Springs this Plate or extended Collar may be
fastened to the end of the Springs in a similar way as it would be done if attached
directly to the Spur In witness whereof I the said William March have hereunto
set my hand and seal this sixteenth day of September in the year of our Lord
1882.
WILLIAM MARCH. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING MATTRESSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Robertson Gardner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th October 1882.
DANIEL ROBERTSON GARDNER, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING MATTRESSES
To have simplicity and strength in construction with portability, elasticity and
freedom from rust and damp absorbing materials, I make (say for a Bed six feet
long by four feet wide) two strong wooden ends for laying, one at the head, the
other at the foot of the Bedstead, each piece being four feet long by about four
inches by about two inches thick; to which are attached by bell staples or otherwise
a row of ordinary spiral springs; on these are fixed in any simple manner such as
with girth web and eyelets or leather straps and buckles, a surface of parallel spring
wooden laths, each lath about six feet long by about two inches by about one inch
thick, of oval or other shape, with a space allowed between each of about two inches.
The parallel laths being spring laths, may be laid and fixed on the cross bearers in
the same manner, without the spiral springs, or they may be kept in their places by
having a row of wires driven into each of the cross bearers and a hole bored or slit
made towards each end of each lath and the laths laid on so that the wires fit into the
holes made in the laths; also india rubber or other buffers or springs may be fitted
on each wire, or a strip or tube of india rubber may go the whole length of the
cross bearers so that the laths rest on or attached to these elastic buffers, or cushions,
or springs.
Having now described the nature of my invention and the manner in which it
may be practically carried out; what I consider novel and original and therefore
claim as the invention secured to me by Letters Patent, are the various combined
arrangements of the springs, laths, buffers or cushions and fixings; forming Mattresses,
Seats, Backs and other elastic surfaces.
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Jeffs at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd January 1882.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
JAMES JEFFS, of Islington, in the County of Middlesex.
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER."
The Invention consists in so arranging a clock work, a system of drums or
pulleys and straps, cords, or chains, or other suitable gearing set in motion by a
spring or weight, that the said clock work, druins, pulleys, or other gearing shall
set in motion one or more fans or bellows which in their turn blow or project air
against the vanes or pallets of one or more wind-inills or paddle-wheels causing the
same to rotate. The motion of these wind-mills or paddle wheels is then
transmitted by straps, bands, cords, chains, or otherwise to the machinery or other
object to which it is intended to impart motion.
The Invention is applicable to the driving of dynamo-electric or other machines
for the production of electric light or for other purposes, to the propulsion of boats
or vessels by any of the usual propellers, to the movement of vehicles of all kinds
whether on roads or railways, and generally to all purposes requiring the appli-
cation of motive power.
I propose to employ the surplus power generated by the above mentioned
arrangements, to wind up the aforesaid clockwork so as to assist the fans or
bellows and to keep the machinery or apparatus at work continuously or as may
be required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE BOOTS AND SHOES, AND EYELETTING MACHINES THEREFOR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Christmas Andrews at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1882.
ALFRED CHRISTMAS ANDREWS, of Birmingham, in the county of Warwick,
Machinist "IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE BOOTS AND SHOES, AND EYELETTING
MACHINES THEREFOR
"
This invention relates to improvements in lace boots and shoes and eyeletting
machines therefor.
In carrying out my improvements in lace boots and shoes I employ long narrow
eyelets in the fronts, sides or other openings of lace boots and shoes in place of the
usual circular eyelets and I use a broad flat lace or strap of a width corresponding
to the length of the eyelets.
The boots or shoes are preferably made with a flap cut in one piece with or
attached to the top part of the opening of the boot or shoe, the said flap covering
and securing the top part of the opening so as to avoid the necessity of employing
eyelets in the upper part; or the eyelets may be carried sufficiently high to secure
the opening without the hereinbefore described flap. I secure the lower end of the
lace or strap by means of a sinall plug or piece of leather or other suitable material
passed twice through the lace or strap transversely or by passing the free end of
the lace or strap through a small cross slit at its lower end whereby a small
projection or enlargement is formed on the lower end of the lace or strap which
projection is prevented from passing through the first eyelet and is therefore held
securely in position.
The fastening of the free end of the lace or strap is effected by means of a leather
or metal loop fixed in the desired position on the outside of the top part or quarter
of the boot, or a loop may be fixed on each side and the lace be passed alternately
through each loop so as to afford extra security.
My improved eyeletting machine for cutting the holes for the eyelets, for
inserting the eyelets in the said holes, and for clinching the eyelets in one
operation is constructed as follows:-
The improved eyeletting machine consists of a small lower arm for use inside the
boot and having near its extreme end a grooved and bevilled slot of the shape and
size of the eyelet to be used; the said bevilled portion, at each stroke of the machine
effects the spreading and clinching of the eyelet; the upper part of the eyeletting
Pier 211

page_text: machine carries two arms opposite to the said lower arm and provided with a solid
punch or cutter for making the holes, and attached thereto is a rim or projection
corresponding with and pressing on the head of the eyelet; the eyelet is held in
position, ready for the punching and clinching tools, by means of a recessed arm
divided along its centre, and is so made as to release the eyelet at the proper time
by means of a pin passing between the divided part, the said pin being carried on
the upper arm and descending with the arm carrying the cutting and clinching
tools.
The improved eyeletting machine or apparatus hereinbefore described may also
be employed with slight modifications for applying the ordinary shaped eyelets.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TABLET DIARIES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wilson Cochrane at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September 1882.
JOHN WILSON COCHRANE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North-Britain,
Manufacturing Stationer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN TABLET DIARIES,"
This "Invention relates to improvements in tablet diaries. Such diaries as
usually made are perforated across the top, so that the sheets may be torn off after
use, and if any notes or jottings on them are to be preserved, they have to be filed
or bound. The object of the present Invention is to enable the pages of the diary
to be preserved, by so forming the diary that the pages may be turned over when
used, without destroying them.
The improved tablet diary is formed from sheets of twice the length of the
finished tablet, which are stitched through transversely at or near the centre of
their length and folded over, the printed matter being so arranged on the first and
third page of each sheet that the series of dates are continuous in turning over the
pages in one direction. Between the folded pages, and between the alternate rows
of stitching, a wire is inserted or passed through and formed into an ornamental
loop by which the diary is hung. This loop is large enough to allow the sheets
as they are used to be passed through it, and turned over to the back of the tablet.
Wires or cords are fitted at each side of the loop holding the tablet, and to these
wires or cords is attached a stiff sheet of cardboard or similar material, to which
the sheets of the tablet may be held secure by a rubber band. An ornamental'
cover is provided so that at the end of the year, or when the entire tablet is used,
the cover may be brought back over the sheets, and the tablet put away like a
book.
The cardboard sheet at the back is by preference covered with an ass skin sheet
or other sheet, on which may be noted pencil jottings, which may afterwards be
erased.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MATCH-BOXES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Darling at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1882.
JOHN DARLING, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MATCH-BOXES
"
This Invention relates to a new or improved match box and has for its object
to prevent a match when struck out of doors from being blown out by the wind.
The Invention consists in constructing the match box with a perforated chamber
at one end, at the side, at the top, or at the bottom. This perforated chamber has
in it another opening of sufficient size to admit the ignited match, the said opening
being also so formed and of sufficient size to enable the point of a cigar or a pipe
bowl to be applied thereto for being lit.
A form of the improved match box which is found to answer its object well
consists of an ordinary oblong casing and drawer constructed after the shape of
an ordinary sliding wooden match box, one half, or third, or thereabouts, of the
length of which has the perforations formed in it, so that when the drawer
containing the matches is pulled outwards for the purpose of taking out a match
the chamber is thereby produced, the inner end of the sliding drawer forming the
bottom of the chamber.
In place of lighting the match before putting it inside the chamber any
suitable portion of the inside of the chamber may be roughened by fixing sand,
emery, or glass dust therein by glue or other adhesive substance, or the metal of
which it is composed may be roughened so as to produce the striking surface.
Under a modified arrangement the outer box containing the drawer has a hole
preferably circular formed in it, the box being lined with a thin metallic casing
of tin, or other material, a portion of which corresponding to the hole in the
wooden or card board portion is perforated so that the flame of the match may be
drawn through the same.
MENTS IN BONDING ROLL ROOFING TILES. IMPROV
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Howel Bevan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1882.
SAMUEL HOWELL BEVAN of Neath in the County of Glamorgan.
MENTS IN BONDING ROLL ROOFING TILES.
IMPROVE-
My invention relates to those roofing tiles which are provided with fillets rolls
and skirts and which are so constructed that the skirt of each tile overlaps the
fillet of the next one in the same horizontal line. Hitherto it has been found
necessary for the purposes of placing tiles of this description in their proper
positions on the roof either to cut off the top and bottom diagonally opposite
corners of the tiles as in the double Roman tile or to carry the roll on each tile
only partially up the tile and in no case higher than the point on the tile to
which the tiles in the higher course overlap it as described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to E. Y. Poole dated the 7th of November 1873 and num-
bered 3623. Both of these arrangements are open to serious objections. In the
first there is no breaking of the joints or bonding which is a serious defect, and in
the second it is difficult owing to the roll of the tile being continued only partially
up the tile to dry it throughly rapidly and economically. Now I have overcome
all these difficulties by making the tile approximately square without_cutting off
the corners and by carrying the roll of the usual semicylindrical form nearly up to the
point down to which the overlapping tile in the higher course extends and then
continuing the roll for the rest of the length of the tile with a recess in its surface
so that in section it ceases to have a semicylindrical shape but appears to be more
in the form of a semicylinder very much flattened on one side. This recess is
made of sufficient width to receive the fillet of the overlapping tile in the higher
course the inner edge of the fillet being then in a line with the roll of the tile
which it overlaps. The bottom of this recess is also made flush with the plain
surface of the tile. The part of the fillet which fits into the recess in the upper
end of the roll is made somewhat lighter than the remainder of the fillet-the
outer edge of this part of the fillet is also made at an angle to correspond with the
sirle of the recess. The skirt of the next tile is then laid so as to overlap both the
roll and fillet and a very compact and well bonded roof is the result.
PACKING PHOTOGRAPHIC GLASS PLATES AUTOMATICALLY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Cowan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1882.
ALEXANDER COWAN of 36 Porchester Terrace Bayswater London. "PACKING
PHOTOGRAPHIC GLASS PLATES AUTOMATICALLY."
A rectangular box has in the lid an opening half an inch larger each way than
the size of the plates to be packed, and on each side of this opening are placed
sliding pieces having their top edges bevelled off at an angle of 45° These pieces
are made to close over the opening in box by springs and when in their normal
position are about one quarter of an inch nearer together than the width of the
plate to be packed.
Above these sliding pieces is placed a strip of paper which is held in position by
a hinged frame with frictional rollers to regulate the paper and having also on each
side a hinged plunger which dives the plate through the opening-Inside the box
below the opening is a rising platform kept in position by a spring-In use the
plate to be packed is placed in the hinged frame and the side plungers made to push
it past the sliding pieces which directly it has passed them close together and make
a corrugation in the paper all along each edge, on removing the plungers the lower
platform rises and flattens the bent edge of the paper ready to receive another
plate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRINOLETTES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emily Baker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1882.
EMILY BAKER of No 21 Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex, Spinster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CRINOLETTES."
"
Ef
My Invention relates to improvements in "crinolettes or dress improvers
for ladies.
It consists in the use of a skirt which is tied or otherwise secured round the
waist and down the front, and composed of two principal parts, viz. The hind
skirt and its top lappet, which are respectively formed of two thicknesses of
suitable woven material cemented together at their edges and in parallel lines
running from top to bottom or otherwise with india rubber or other solution so as
to form pockets or pleats which when inflated with air as hereafter described, will
constitute my "crinolette" or "dress improver."
At suitable parts of the hind skirt and lappet constructed as described, are
inserted respectively one or more air valves, each consisting of a mouth tube
closed at its inner end and perforated on its circumference where it is screwed for
inserting the tube into a cup, through the bottom of which is a hole communicating
with the interior of the pockets or pleats of the "crinolette or "dress improver."
On blowing through the air valves, the pockets or pleats are inflated and
maintained in that condition as desired by screwing the mouth tubes hard down
upon the bottoms of their cups, which prevents the escape of air.
"
IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR LIGHTING AND GENERAL PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Swift and Alfred James
Medley Reade at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd
September 1882.
FREDERICK SWIFT of The Green, West Drayton, in the County of Middlesex,
and ALFRED JAMES MEDLEY READE of St. Leonard's Villa, Slough, in the County
of Bucks. " IMPROVED MEANS OF PRODUCING ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR LIGHTING
AND GENERAL PURPOSES."
The object of this Invention is a new or improved means or method of producing
or evolving electric currents for lighting and for general purposes without the use
or employment of Dynamic machines, which require so much steam or other Engine
power to drive them.
By our invention we are enabled to dispense with steam water gas or other
power engines and ensure an unlimited quantity or supply of the current at much
less cost than at present.
A UNIVERSAL TUBE EXPANDER
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustave Lohf at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1882.
GUSTAV LOHF, of Berlin, Prussia, "A UNIVERSAL TUBE EXPANDER."
My invention consists in a tube expander the main body of which does not serve
to hold the rollers, but only to guide the conical spindle, and ends with a flange to
which the roller holders are pivoted. The face of the Hange is provided with
recesses which are limited by arcs of circles, whose centres form the fulcra for the
roller holders. When the roller holders are placed near together, they form a
cylinder corresponding to the smallest diameter of the tubes to be expanded and
have extensions or flanges which fit into the recosses on the flange of the main
body. This arrangement allows the roller holders a motion excentric to the spin-lle
and ensures a simultaneous and considerable expanding motion of the rollers, so
that tubes of different diameters may be expanded by the same tool. For this
purpose I use different sets of rollers and provide all rollers except those belonging
to the largest set, with pivots at their ends in order to prevent their fulling out of
the roller sockets, the latter being enlarged at their inside by corresponding
recesses. The same tool may be provided with spindles of different diameters in
order to extend the range of its application for different sizes of tubes. My
improved construction is applicable both to ordinary (percussive) tube-expanders
and to automatic tube expanders (driven in by screw motion).
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFTING-JACKS A communi
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1882. A
communication by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Schultze Machine-builder of
Hamburg in the German Empire.
"
"
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL Civil Engineer and Patent Agent in the
City of Hamburg, Germany IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFTING-JACKS A communi-
cation by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Schultze Machine-builder of Hamburg in the
German Empire
This Invention relates to rack and pinion jacks and has for its object to reduce
the friction of the rack in its guides by using two pinions instead of one as formerly
applied to jacks. The lifting rack is formed with two rows of teeth on opposite
sides and each side is in gear with a pinion the axles of which pinion carry spur
wheels that are in communication with each other and which wheels or one of same
are or is driven from a communicating wheel work by means of a winch-handle.
The load upon the rack is by this arrangement transported to two wheels and
two axles and consequently the pressure on the teeth of each wheel is only half that
as with the constructions now commonly in use
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RECORDING SPEECH
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th July 1882. A communication to him
from abroad by Amadeo Gentilli of Leipsic in the German Empire, and .
Louis Charles Alexander of Boulogne, France.
JOHN IMRAY of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RECORDING SPEECH" [A
communication to him from abroad.by Amadeo Gentilli of Leipsic in the German
Empire, and Louis Charles Alexander of Boulogne, France.]
This invention relates to apparatus whereby articulate speech is recorded in
symbols that can be readily interpreted. The apparatus consists of two parts
which may be at a distance from each other, the one part which may be termed
the "sender" being applied to the mouth of the speaker, and the other part, which
may be termed the "recorder" being applied to a moving paper or other surface on
which the record is made. The "sender" consists of a light frame held by a
handle projecting down from it and having mounted on its upper surface five light
spring levers, which extend up to and into the mouth of the speaker with their
ends resting against various parts of the lips, tongue and palate, while the frame is
steadied by two hooks on its under side catching within the front teeth. By the
movement of the organs of speech in articulating various sounds, some or other of
these levers are caused to move, and their movements are communicated to the
"recorder" either mechanically by threads guided over pullies, or electrically by
making and breaking contact with wires leading to electromagnets. In the
"recorder" a strip of paper or other receptive surface is caused to travel by
clock work, or, when electrical communication is employed, by a ratchet and anchor
worked by an electromagnet, and pens, styles or markers applied to the travelling
surface and moving in obedience to the movements of the levers of the "sender
mark on the surface sets of lines and curves which can be interpreted so as to
reproduce the articulate sounds that acted on these levers.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PLAIN OR ORNAMENTAL LACE EDGING OR BORDER WITH FRINGE OR TRIMMING IN COMBINATION THEREWITH
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard James Secundus Joyce at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th November 1882.
RICHARD JAMES SECUNDUS JOYCE of the firm Weintraud Joyce and Company
of N° 18 Aldermanbury in the City of London, Manufacturers and Warehousemen
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF PLAIN OR ORNAMENTAL LACE EDGING OR BORDER
WITH FRINGE OR TRIMMING IN COMBINATION THEREWITH
The object of this Invention is to construct lace edging or borders with a fringe
or trimming plain or fancy and with or without beads or other ornamentation from
its band or top in such a manner that it projects at intervals and hangs down
between the flutings and produces the effect now only obtained by sewing those
parts together and in some cases I apply a cord or cords to the edge or edges of
the band to give a plain or an ornamental effect.
By my Invention the edging or border and the band or top and also the fringe
are constructed at one and the same time in the lace frame but the band or top and
the fringe may be made together and the lace edging or border be sewn onto the
band.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORIZONTAL STEAM BOILERS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hamilton Weldon Pendred at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th January 1882.
HAMILTON WELDON PENDRED of Neptune Lodge Sandyone Avenue Kingstown
Co. Dublin. IMPROVEMENTS IN HORIZONTAL STEAM BOILERS.
The object of this invention is to form apertures in the shell of a boiler below
the water level and in fitting tubes therein to direct the flame and products of
combustion from the fire from one side passage to the other in order to utilize all
the heat for steam generating purposes on its passage to the uptake or chimney.
In order to carry my invention into practice, I form an opening in the side of the
fire chamber so that the flame and heated gases after exerting their power on the
bottom of the boiler at that end may pass into a side flue and from there through
cross tubes into a flue at the other side from whence the spent gases escape to the
uptake or chimney. The cross tubes which may be parallel or of tapered shape are
within the water and they can all be used for causing the gases to flow into one
long side flue or be diverted for passage through the tubes nearest the fire chambers
and for a return through the tubes at the back end if found convenient. The
usual bottom long flue may be retained if necessary and then the products of
combustion would rise up a side opening at the back and travel through the cross
tubes towards the front.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marshall Arthur Wier at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1882.
MARSHALL ARTHUR WIER, of Gracechurch Street, in the City of London
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
"
The invention relates especially to what are known as arc lamps that is to say
those lamps in which is employed the voltaic arc formed between the proximate
ends of two electrodes generally composed of carbon.
The object of the invention is to produce a lamp which shall give a more steady
and constant light than is attainable in the electric are lamps at present in use,
and at the same time to increase the size and power of the light.
The invention consists in causing one or both of the electrodes to revolve on
its own axis at a considerable velocity. The centrifugal force generated by this
rotation causes the incandescent particles to be thrown outwards, whereby the
light is spread out into a larger circular space and a better and steadier light is
obtained. Any clinker which would otherwise form on the electrodes and impair
the lighting effect of the arc is also by this means carried away or thrown out.
In order to effect the revolution of the electrodes or either of them any suitable
motive power may be employed according to the position and other circumstances
in which the electric lamp may be placed, but I prefer in most cases to employ a
small magneto or dynamo electric motor placed in the lamp itself connected
directly to the electrode or electrodes it is desired to rotate, and driven by a
branch from the main electric current or by a separate electric current as may be
preferred.
In order to reduce the friction of such a motor as much as possible its weight
and that of the electrode holder may be taken off the pivot or bearing more or
less by means of a fixed electro magnet so arranged that by its attraction more or
less of the weight of the revolving part of the motor or of the electrode holder,
or of both, is balanced.
When applying my invention to electric candles they may be arranged in various
ways, for example, one or both the electrodes may be made to revolve on its own
axis, a central electrode may have others placed round it and either it or they may
be caused to rotate; and they may be arranged so as to work in pairs alternately,
the rotation of the electrode or electrodes causing the current to be made and
broken by means of a suitable commutator and taking off springs.
MAR ENGINE GOVERNOR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James John Tyler at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1882.
JAMES JOHN TYLER, [of 4 Park Terrace, Bromley by Bow, Middlesex,] A MARINE
ENGINE GOVERNOR
My Invention consists of a pendulum suspended from the bulk head or other
convenient part of the ship, by transverse centres, knife-edges, or any other
suitable bearings, permitting the pendulum to work freely by the pitching motion
of the ship. To the bulkhead or other suitable part of the ship are fixed guide
bars to prevent the pendulum swinging through the rolling of the ship. The
pendulum is connected to and actuates a cock or other suitable equilibrium valve
for regulating admission of pressure so as to work a piston either from condenser or
from boiler. The piston is connected with and actuates throttle valve. When the
stern of the vessel rises and causes the screw partly or wholly to leave the water,
the pendulum swings forward and admits pressure or vacuum as the case may be
to the piston which partly or wholly closes the throttle valve, and by a reverse
movement of the ship it partly or wholly opens the same.
The piston may be cushioned to prevent shock in shutting or opening the
throttle valve.
IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO VESSELS FOR CONTAINING COMPRESSED OR LIQUEFIED GASES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Joseph Coxeter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1882.
SAMUEL JOSEPH COXETER of Grafton Street East in the County of Middlesex,
" IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO VESSELS FOR CONTAINING COMPRESSED OR
LIQUEFIED GASES
"
This Invention relates to improvements applicable to iron or other vessels for
containing compressed or liquefied gases.-Such vessels have been hitherto con-
structed without a safety valve, and consequently, when they are excessively
heated by fire, they are liable to burst-In order to overcome this objection I
apply to such vessels a suitable safety valve, constructed for example of a metal
cone fitting into a socket kept in its place by a spring or other contrivance.-The
safety valve may be placed either in the gas tap of the vessel, or in the vessel
itself.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Russell Snowden and Orlando
Ball at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th November
1882.
GEORGE RUSSELL SNOWDEN and ORLANDO BALL of Bradford in the County of
York "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH
"
Our said invention relates to fitting an apparatus on to the hand trees or rails
and going parts of looms to prevent the shuttles when working flying out of the race
and flying across to other weavers attending other looms thereby preventing
accidents and damage.
For this purpose at each end of the hand-tree or rail of a loom we secure bearers
or brackets in which is fitted a rod extending across the front of the hand tree or
rail, in the length of the rod are secured a series of dropping down pins and
between the bearers or brackets, and the last pins are formed or fitted to the rod
flat plates having curved outward ends for the entrance of the shuttle through the
guard, that is to say, between the rod and pins and reed when working.
On the ends of the rods are secured tappets having flat surfaces on which act
steel springs which are secured to the band tree or rail and the tappets are so
secured to the rod that one of the flat surfaces is in front and the other at the back
so that when the guard or rod and pins are brought down for the travel of the
shuttle in working the steel spring pressing on the flat surface of the tappet keeps
the guard in working position; and during the time the weaver replaces a shuttle
and when piecing up broken ends the guard is lifted up and folded against the
front surface of the hand-tree or rail by lifting up one of the flat pieces fitted or
formed on the end of the rod or by a handle secured to the flat piece the steel
spring acting on the flat surface of the tappet, keeps the guard folded against the
front surface of the hand-tree or rail until required to be lowered. On the top of
the shear board of the going part of the loom, we secure a series of short pins
which when the guard is down keep the shuttle in between the pins and we fit on
the top and sides of the shuttle, guides or plates and also secure metal plates on the
bottom parts of the other sides; the guides and plates keep the shuttles in working
position.
When the shuttle is placed in position for weaving, the weaver lowers the guard
or the rod having the pins and when the loom is started the shuttle is guided

page_text: •
between the guard and reed through the curved outward end and the shuttle is
kept in the race by the pins on the rod and the pins on the shear board and the
guides or metal plate secured on the top of the shuttle guide the shuttle in its
travel in a straight course and true working position; should a shuttle require to
be replaced or to piece up broken ends, the weaver throws up the guard which is
kept against the surface of the hand-tree or rail and when ready for working the
weaver lowers the guard and starts the loom and the guard or apparatus prevents
the flying out of the shuttle thereby preventing accidents and damage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DECORTICATING OR SCOURING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Henry Channing Martin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1882.
"
JAMES HENRY CHANNING MARTIN of The Drive Walthamstow in the County
of Essex IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DECORTICATING OR
SCOURING RICE AND OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS
"
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or apparatus for
decorticating or scouring rice and other grain and seeds.
For this purpose I employ a drum or cylinder provided with a keen cutting or
scouring surface and mounted on a vertical shaft or spindle revolving within a
perforated cover or case.
The bottom of this case or cover is made in the form of an inverted cone and
acts as a hopper.
The quantity of grain passed through the machine and the amount of scouring
given thereto is regulated by a slide or valve placed in the delivery pipe leading
from the apex of the inverted cone and which is regulated so as to allow a constant
outflow of grain from the machine and is operated automatically at intervals to
open sufficiently wide to allow of the passage of any obstruction to such constant
outflow.
The distance between the revolving surface of the drum or cylinder and the
perforated case or cover must be adjusted so as properly to effect the scouring
and at the same time to retain a sufficient quantity of grain between the surfaces
to give a natural elasticity without the employment of any artificial means such as
india rubber or other yielding material for effecting that object.
The machine is kept practically full by the employment of a large feed or inlet
pipe.
By these means I am enabled to produce a very regular sample of grain well
decorticated and with a minimum of fracture and waste the speed of the revolving
drum or cylinder and the pressure on the grain being uniform or nearly so
throughout the operation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SADDLES FOR BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jenner at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1882.
JOHN JENNER of No 7 King Street Kensington in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN SADDLES FOR BICYCLES AND OTHER VELOCIPEDES
33.
My invention relates to a construction of Bicycle Saddle whereby I am enabled
to combine in a simple manner the springs for taking off shock and vibration with
a sufficient softness and elasticity of seat. For this purpose in constructing a
bicycle saddle I fix a blade spring near its middle to the backbone of the bicycle
both ends of the spring being bent upwards.
To the hinder end I attach a
horizontal blade bent forwards at both ends. To this bent blade and to the front
end of the first named blade I attach a sheet of leather or other suitable fabric or
material which forms the seat being suitably shaped for that purpose, and when
the saddle of the long form at or about its middle I apply a transverse stretcher
which may be a blade spring attached by its middle to the first mentioned blade
and bent upwards at both ends, or may be a complete oval spring so attached or
simply a transverse bar with soft stuffing interposed between it and the seat In
the case of a tricycle or other velocipede the saddle of which is supported on a part
of the framing similar to the backbone of a bicycle, the construction above described
is applicable or when the seat is made adjustable in height the head of the
adjusting standard or bolt may be fitted to receive the blade of a saddle such as
I have described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GUIDES FOR SAW-BLADES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st April 1882. A communication
from abroad by Charles Calloch of Reolon, France.
.
.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN of Kensington, Middlesex,
IMPROVEMENTS IN
GUIDES FOR SAW-BLADES, a communication from abroad by Charles Calloch of
Reolon, France,
This invention relates more particularly to guides for endless or band saws.
The new saw guide consists essentially of a block of metal fixed at the place
usually occupied by the wooden guide, and forming a casing where the blade
passes, which casing is only open on one side (the top) while the bottom of the
casing has a slot of about five millimeters width for allowing the saw to pass.
When this block is properly placed and the blade passes through the centre of
the casing, guided by rollers two wooden wedges or keys are placed in the said
casing one on each side of the blade. The outer face of each wedge is then covered
with sheet metal which prevents the set screws from damaging the wood, which
set screws pass right and left through the walls of the casing and serve to press
the wedges against the blade. The wedges are preferably made of iron-wood.
additional guide is procured for the blade by placing behind it. a roller the bearing
of which is secured to the block which carries the main guide
An
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PREVENTING DIMINISHING THE FORCE OF EXPLOSIONS IN COAL MINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1882.
A communication from Robert Jacobi of Zeitz in the German Empiro, Civil
Engineer.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt &
GW Nawrocki Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse
Berlin Germany "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PREVENTING
DIMINISHING THE FORCE OF EXPLOSIONS IN COAL MINES (A Communication from
Robert Jacobi of Zeitz in the German Empire Civil Engineer)
"
OR
The object of this invention is to prevent or diminish the force of explosions in
mines by preventing in a great measure the air in mines from being charged with
dry coal dust which in case of ignition for instance from fire damp by a naked
light serves to convey the explosion to other or distant parts of the mine rendering
it much more disastrous and of greater extent. For this purpose the timber which
is to be used as a building material in the mine or for lining the interior parts of
same is impregnated with a solution of salt such as ordinary kitchen salt or
chlorcalcium. The wood so treated will by reason of the hygroscopic property of
salt always remain damp even in dry places and where wood not so impregnated
would keep perfectly dry. The air in the mine is by this means much improved.
The coal dust floating in the air at such dry places adheres to the damp surfaces
of the wood becomes permented by the salt solution, obtains thereby itself
hygroscopic properties and is enabled to cause adhesion of other coal dust and to
make it damp. The impregnation may be effected by steeping or boiling the
timber well in the salt solution so that the latter is made to penetrate deeply in
the pores.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARBONS FOR USE IN ELECTRIC LAMPS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Edward Tenison Woods at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1882.
JOHN EDWARD TENISON WOODS of 19 South Grove Peckham Rye in the
County of Surrey Electrical and Civil Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN CARBONS FOR
USE IN ELECTRIC LAMPS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Carbon rods or candles used in Electric Lamps for Electric lighting are known
to be bad conductors of Electricity, and in different parts of their lengths to be
irregular both in density and conducting capacity This irregularity of composition
and conductivity causes great resistance to the passage of the electric current
through the carbons and consequent loss of power while their low conductivity
renders impossible the use of very small carbons in arc electric lamps of small
candle power when low tension dynamic currents of electricity are employed The
varying conducting power of every section of the ordinary carbon rods causes the
lines of least resistance to the electric current to be continually varying and the
luminous are to be constantly flying from one part of the carbon point to
another causing rapid flickering of the light as the carbons are consumed. To
remedy this defect of conductivity small carbons have been electro-plated with
copper and other metals externally but this arrangement causes the lines of least
resistance to be always at the outside of the carbon rods round which the arc
continually revolves and the flickering is not remedied while copper has the effect
of tinging the Blame bluish green In my Invention these defects are remedied by
during the process of manufacture inserting wires of Alluminium Magnesium or
othe suitable metals having high conductivity and colourless flames in the centre of
the carbon rods. These wires causo the lines of least resistance to the electric
current always to be at the centre of the carbon points from which the arc will
continually proceed. With my Invention smaller carbons can be used in low tension
are lamps owing to the increased conductivity due to the metallic wires in their
centres. The Alluminium or Magnesium wires as the carbons are consumed are
converted into oxides of Alluminium or Magnesium which becoming intensely
incandescent greatly add to to the luminosity of the arc Carbons either in the form
of cylinders plates or squares with metallic plates rods or wires inserted in their
centres during manufacture can on account of their high conductivity be effectively
used as electrodes in both primary or Secondary Electric Batteries either for
developing or storing Electrical force.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Willoughby Statham Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1882.
WILLOUGHBY STATHAM SMITH of North Grove, Highgate in the County of
Middlesex 16 IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC CURRENTS "
The object of this Invention is to ensure safety in the supply of electricity to
houses and other places. If from any cause the current passing through a
conductor leading into a house becomes greater than the conductor is adapted to
carry, the conductor, becomes heated, the insulating covering is injured and possibly
may be set on fire.
To avoid this risk I make the connection with the leading in wire through a
coil of wire of such a nature that it will get hot before there is any danger of
injury to the covering of the leading in wire. This coil is contained in a box
which I fill with paraffin wax and I provide the box with an air tight corrugated
cover. When the coil in the box becomes warm the paraffin melts; in melting it
increases greatly in volume, and bulges upwards the cover of the box. The cover
is connected by a stem with a lever having its fulcrum upon a standard attached
to the box. The lever at its further end carries a spring contact piece and this
serves to establish metallic connection between one or other of a series of insulated
studs and a bridge piece immediately over the studs and coupled with the main
conductor. The several studs are all connected with the leading in wire but
through various resistances, when the paraffin wax is solid connection is established
between the bridge piece and a stud or studs with which the leading in wire is
connected through but a small resistance. But as the paraffin melts the lever
moves and the contact piece passes to other studs connected through a higher
resistance, until a lessening of the current is effected as to cause the paraflin again
to solidify. Other materials may be employed in place of paraffin but paraffin is
very suitable.
In some cases I attach the contact maker to a compound bar of metals which
expand with heat at very different rates. This compound bar is coiled to a spiral
form and the current is led through it from the main conductor to the contact
studs. As the compound bar gets warm it alters its curvature and carries the
contact maker from stud to stud.
Or a like result may be obtained with a conducting rod of one metal its
expansion by heat being multiplied by leverage or other appropriate ineans.