Improved Means of Cutting Mitre and other Angle Joints.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Jan., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Oct., 1899-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means of Cutting Mitre and other Angle Joints.
I, WILLIAM WALKER JAMES NICOL, of 15, Blacket Place, Edinburgh, Doctor
of Science, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Two boards of suitable dimensions have each one edge rebated, so that when
placed on their edges with the rebates uppermost and facing each other at a
suitable distance apart a bed is formed on which a plane may be worked to & fro.
If the object be to plane only angles of 45°, then the two boards are fixed
firmly to a suitable bar placed between them at an angle of 45° to the plane bed,
and another similar bar is fastened by means of two bolts passing through it
and the two side boards. The upper bolt forming a pivot on which the bar may
be swung, a small amount of movement being permitted as the hole in the
moveable bar for the lower bolt is made larger than the bolt. In this way
the moveable bar can be clamped exactly at right angles to the fixed bar; and
the ends of pieces of framing bedded against the two bars respectively can be
planed to angles which together make a true right angle.
If however the apparatus is to be used for planing other angles than 45°
which however make together 90° the two side boards are fastened together by
blocks at the ends and both bars are made moveable as above described; but I
find it more convenient to form the two bars along with a third into a right angled
triangular frame and then to pivot this by a bolt passing through the right angled
corner, clamping it by another bolt through the side boards and the open triangle.
In cases where the nature of the work may require other angles than 90°
triangles with other apical angles may be employed.
The apparatus may also be made of metal and other methods of adjustment
fastenings may be used.
Improved Means of Cutting Mitre and other Angle Joints.
I, WILLIAM WALKER JAMES NICOL, of 15, Blacket Place, Edinburgh, „M.A.,
D.Sc., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to methods of cutting mitre and other angle-joints, in
which a plane is used as the shaping tool, as in the ordinary mitre shooting
boards or stripping blocks in common use,

page_text: The object of my invention is to obviate certain serious disadvantages attending
the use of the ordinary forms.
I shall now describe various methods of carrying out my invention by which
these disadvantages are removed.
Referring to the two sheets of drawings which accompany this;-
Sheet I shows: Figure 1, the elevation: Figure 2, the sectional elevation:
Figure 3, the end elevation; Figure 4, the cross section through centre, of ons
arrangement as used for cutting angles of 45°.
Sheet II shows: Figure 1, the elevation: Figure 2, the end elevation:
Figure 3, the cross section, of another arrangement as used for cutting angles
of 45°. Figure 4, the triangle which is used when it is desired to cut angles
which in pairs are equal to a right angle.
In the arrangement illustrated by Sheet I two boards of wood, A, A, Figures 2
and 4, of suitable dimensions are set on edge parallel to one another and
permanently fastened together at each end by means of blocks, B, B, Figures 2
and 3, extending from the bottom edges to within a short distance of the upper
edges. The thickness of the blocks is such that the distance between the inner
surfaces of the boards is slightly less than the width of the iron of the plane
to be employed. The upper inner edges of the boards are then rebated so that
the sole of the plane fits easily between the flanges thus left. In this way a
"plane bed" is formed in which the plane may be worked to & fro' in either
direction.
When the apparatus is to be used only for true mitres, in which the two
angles to be shaped are each 45°, then two bars of wood of suitable length, and
of a width equal to that between the boards of the "plane bed" are fixed between
these boards, midway between the ends, in such a position that they are at a
right angle to one another and that their upper surfaces are in each case at an
angle of 45°, to the plane bed and the apex of the angle formed by them is
slightly below the sole of the plane when in position in the "plane bed." One
of these bars is fixed immovably, the other is fastened by bolts in such a way
that the angle between it and the fixed bar can be adjusted when necessary, as is
fully shown in section and elevation on Sheet I Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
When the apparatus is intended to shape other angles as well as those of 45°,
the plane bed remains the same but the two bars above described are replaced
by a right angled triangle E, Figure 4, Sheet II, formed of three bars of wood:
this swings on one bolt passing through it and the boards of the "plane bed,"
by tightening the bolt, the triangle may be fixed in any desired position.
For mitring the end edges of wide boards the arrangement is somewhat different.
The two boards forming the "plane bed," A A Figures 1 and 3 Sheet II, are
inclined to one another at an angle of 45° in the direction of their width and
are fastened together as before by suitably shaped blocks B B at their ends
between these blocks a third board F is fixed lengthwise so that its upper
surface forms an angle of 45° with the width of the "plane bed" as is shown in
section and elevation on Sheet II Figures 1, 2 and 3.
In all three forms the wood to he shaped is introduced between the sides of
the "plane bed": and rested on the guides formed as above described, being
retained in position by clamps or otherwise. The portions projecting above
the surface of the "plane bel" are then planed away.
The material employed in the construction of the apparatus may be wood or
metal or both and for special work other angles than those of 45° & 90° may
he employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1) The use of a "plane bed" formed substantially as described above.
AL F11
22

page_text: adjustable bar: of a movable triangle: or of an inclined plane, substantially.
as described above.
3) The improved means of cutting mitre and other angle joints substantially
as described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Thirtieth day of September 1899.