IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CRANES, CRAB WINCHES, OVERHEAD TRAVELLING CRANES, TRAVELLING JENNIES, AND OTHER LIKE GEAR, FOR LIFTING AND REMOVING HEAVY BODIES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sampson Moore, of the North Foundry, Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Millwright and Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CRANES, CRAB WINCHES, OVERHEAD
TRAVELLING CRANES, TRAVELLING JENNIES, AND OTHER LIKE GEAR, FOR
LIFTING AND REMOVING HEAVY BODIES."
Sealed the 7th October 1864, and dated the 14th April 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sampson Moore at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
April 1864.
I, SAMPSON MOORE, of the North Foundry, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Millwright and Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CRANES, CRAB WINCHES, OVER-
HEAD TRAVELLING CRANES, TRAVELLING JENNIES,' AND OTHER LIKE GEAR, FOR
LIFTING AND REMOVING HEAVY BODIES," to be as follows, that is to say:―
This Invention relates mainly to the class of power cranes which have the
motive steam power attached thereto, but which are also capable of being
worked by hand through crank handles, and to hoisting apparatus to be used
for lifting heavy bodies a considerable height..

page_text: The first part of this Invention relates to a means of applying the power to
cranes and other hoisting apparatus by means of a peculiar arrangement of
friction driving wheels for actuating the chain barrel (or barrels) and an
arrangement for connecting the motive power therewith; and, secondly, in the
use of two or any greater number of barrels for taking up the chain or rope,
the object of this part of the Invention being to enable a greater amount of
chain or rope to be taken up than at present practicable with a single
barrel.
This
To apply this Invention to (say) a pillar or post gib crane upon a revolving
platform, at the base thereof is placed a vertical tubular boiler; between a pair
of steam cylinders fitted with valves, and so forth, and mounted parallel to
each other horizontally or at an angle to the horizon, the piston rods thereof
being coupled by connecting rods to cranks on the ends of a horizontal
driving shaft revolving in fixed bearings on the frame of the crane.
driving shaft has keyed thereon a spur wheel which gears into a second spur
wheel keyed on to a parallel shaft placed immediately above, and which also
revolves in fixed bearings on the crane frame. These two shafts have each
keyed thereon a friction driving wheel, one immediately above the other, but
not in contact with each other. Midway between these two shafts and in
rear thereof is a third parallel shaft, which forms the first motion shaft of the
winch, and has keyed thereon another friction wheel, which by reason of
one end of the shaft revolving in a vibrating bearing can by a lever motion be
brought into contact with the periphery of either of the friction wheels on the
upper or lower shafts immediately in front thereof, or be thrown back against
a stationary break fixed in rear thereof, and is so weighted that when not
pressed by the operator against either of the friction wheels in front it is
forced by a self-acting weighted lever against the fixed break apparatus. By
means of the hand lever the "driven "friction wheel can be brought against
either the upper or lower "driving" friction wheel in front. thereof, and as
they rotate in opposite directions the apparatus can be driven either way
or stopped by throwing back the said "driven" friction wheel on the
vibrating shaft againt the break in rear thereof, and from which it will be
seen that the lever gear when lifting or lowering must be held by the
individual working the apparatus, and that when the operator quits hold. of
the said lever gear the "driven" friction wheel is forced by the self-acting
weighted lever above described as to firm contact with the break apparatus,
thus holding the weight in suspension at any desired altitude in perfect safety.
By this arrangement of break apparatus weights can also be readily and safely
lowered without bringing the friction wheel gear into operation. In front of

page_text: the two parallel shafts running in fixed bearings is placed a second horizontal
transverse vibrating shaft which has keyed thereon .another friction wheel,
which by a lever motion similar to that applied to. the first vibrating shaft is
capable, of receiving motion in either direction from the upper and lower
friction driving wheels on the shafts which revolve in fixed bearings. This
shaft has a spur pinion keyed thereon which gears into spur gear for rotating
or "swivelling" the crane in either direction. The object in using two or
more revolving barrels for coiling the chain or rope upon is to enable a much
greater length of rope or chain to be taken up than is now practicable by the
ordinary single winch barrel, and by which a perpendicular lift may be accom-
plished. When two barrels are used in place of making fast one end of the
chain or rope to the fall or block, the chain is reeved through the blocks, and
one end made fast to one of the chain barrels and the other to the other,
by which it will be seen that twice the quantity, of chain can be taken up than
can be done on a single barrel without riding. When four barrels are used
the chain or rope reeved through the blocks is divided into two equal parts
and the ends secured to the several winch barrels. When any greater
number of winch barrels are used an additional chain is used with each pair of
barrels. When a single additional barrel is used one end of the chain or rope
is made fast as in the ordinary hoist. The winding barrels may have the power
applied to them separately or collectively.
the
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Sampson Moore in the Great Seal Patent Office on
18th October 1864.
5. TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMPSON
MOORE, of the North Foundry, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Millwright and Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant.unto me,
the said Sampson Moore, Her special licence that I, the said Sampson Moore,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Sampson Moore, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,

page_text: exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO CRANES, TRAVELLING JENNIES,' AND OTHER LIKE GEAR, FOR
LIFTING AND REMOVING HEAVY BODIES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Sampson Moore, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain .the nature of the said Invention; and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
-immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Sampson Moore, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the annexed several Drawings, and the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention relates mainly to the class of power cranes which have
the motive steam power attached thereto, but which are also capable of being
worked by hand through crank bandles, and to hoisting apparatus to be used
for lifting heavy bodies a considerable height.
The first part of this my said Invention relates to a means of applying the
power to cranes and other hoisting apparatus by means of a
peculiar arrange-
ment of friction driving wheels for actuating the chain barrel or barrels, and
an arrangement for connecting the motive power therewith; and, secondly, in
the use of two or any greater number of barrels for taking up the chain or
rope. The object of this part of the Invention being to enable a greater
amount of chain or rope to be taken up than at present practicable with a single
barrel. To apply this my said Invention to (say) a pillar or post jib crane
having a revolving platform attached to the base thereof, is placed a vertical
tubular boiler between a pair of steam cylinders fitted with valves, and so
forth, and mounted parallel to each other horizontally or at an angle to the
horizon, the piston rods thereof being coupled by connecting rods to cranks on
the ends of a horizontal transverse driving shaft revolving in fixed bearings on the
frame of the crane. This driving shaft has keyed thereon a spur wheel which
gears into a second spur wheel keyed on to a parallel shaft placed immediately
above, and which also revolves in fixed bearings on the crane frame. These
two shafts have each keyed thereon a friction driving wheel, one immediately
above the other, but not in contact with each other. Midway between these
two shafts and in rear thereof, a third parallel shaft which forms the first
motion shaft of the winch, and which has keyed thereon another friction

page_text: wheel, which by reason of one end of the shaft revolving in a vibrating
bearing can by a lever motion be brought into contact with the periphery of
either of the friction wheels on the upper or lower shafts immediately in front
thereof, or be thrown back against a stationary break fixed in rear thereof,
and is so weighted that when not pressed by the operator against either of the
friction wheels in front, it is forced by a self-acting weighted lever against the
fixed break apparatus. By means of the hand lever the "driven friction
wheel can be brought against either the upper or lower "driving " friction
wheel in front thereof, and as they rotate in opposite directions the apparatus
can be driven either way, or stopped by throwing back the said "driven "
friction wheel on the vibrating shaft in rear thereof, and from which it will be
seen that the lever gear when lifting or lowering must be held by the individual
working the apparatus, and that when the operator quits hold of the said lever
gear, the "driven "friction wheel is forced by the self-acting weighted lever
above described into firm contact with the break apparatus, thus holding the
weight in suspension at any desired altitudo in perfect safety. By this
arrangement of break apparatus weights can be also readily and safely
lowered without bringing the friction wheel gear into operation.
In front of the two parallel shafts running in fixed bearings is placed a
second horizontal transverse vibrating shaft, which has keyed thereon another
friction wheel, which by a lever motion similar to that applied to the first
vibrating shaft, is capable of receiving motion in either direction from the
upper and lower friction driving wheels on the shafts which revolve in fixed
bearings. This shaft has a spur pinion keyed thereon, which gears into spur
gear for rotating or "swivelling" the crane in either direction. My object
in using two or more revolving barrels for coiling the chain or rope upon is to
enable a greater length of rope or chain to be taken up than now practicable
by the ordinary single winch barrel, and by which arrangement a greater
perpendicular lift may be accomplished. When two barrels are used, in place
of making fast one end of the chain or rope to the fall or block, the chain is
reeved through the blocks, and one end made fast to one of the chain barrels,
and the other to the other, by which it will seen that twice the quantity of
chain can be taken up than can be done on a single barrel without riding.
When four barrels are used the chain or rope reeved through the blocks is
divided into two equal parts, and the ends secured to the several winch
barrels. When any greater number of winch barrels are used an additional
chain is used with each pair of barrels. When a single additional barrel is
'
used one end of the chain or rope is made fast, as in the ordinary hoist

page_text: The winding barrels may have the power applied to them seperately or.
collectively.
I will now proceed, with the aid of the annexed Drawings, to illustrate the
mode of practically applying my improvements. Like letters and figures
marked on the Drawings are used to denominate similar parts.
Figure 1 (Sheet One) is a side elevation (partially in section) of a jib
crane calculated to lift ten tons, and with my improvements applied thereto,
drawn on a scale of three-eights of an inch to one foot; Figure 2 is a back.
elevation of the same; and Figure 3 is a partial plan of the same; Figures 4.
and 5 are partial sections of the gear taken through the centre from a to b
(Figure 2); Figure 6 is an enlarged elevation showing the rods, levers, and
counterweight for working the swivelling axle; Figure 7 is an elevation.
showing the position of the two "driven" wheels and the swivelling friction.
wheel on the first motion shaft of the crane, and the friction wheel for com-
municating motion to the
gear for revolving the crane.
A, stationary crane post, which has keyed on to it B, a horizontal toothed.
wheel, into which gears C, a pinion wheel on the bottom of D, a vertical shaft,
on the head of which is keyed E, a mitre wheel, which gears into E', a small
mitre wheel keyed on to E³, a transverse horizontal shaft, on which is keyed
E³, a toothed wheel, into which gears E, a pinion wheel keyed on to F, a
transverse axle shaft, on which is keyed F¹, a toothed wheel which gears into
G, a pinion wheel on H, transverse swivelling or vibrating shaft, upon which
is keyed I, a friction wheel, to which is connected a lever motion similar to
that illustrated at Figure 6; J, the crane jib; K, crane stays; L, vertical
steam boiler connected to M, the engine cylinders, the piston rods of which
are coupled by N, connecting rods to P, cranks on the end of Q, a transverse
shaft revolving in fixed bearings, and on to which is keyed R, a toothed wheel
which gears into R¹, a second toothed wheel keyed on to S, a shaft revolving
in fixed bearings exactly above and parallel to the shaft Q; T, a friction.
wheel on the shaft Q, and U a second friction wheel on the shaft S; W, a
friction wheel keyed on to V, a vibrating shaft which forms the first motion
shaft of the hoisting gear of the crane, and on which is mounted X, a small
toothed wheel which slides upon the vibrating shaft V, but. is prevented
turning thereon by means of a feather, and which gears into Y, a toothed
wheel keyed on to Z, the second driving shaft, which revolves in fixed
bearings, and is similar to that of an ordinary crane, and is capable of being
slid on its longitudinal axis for the purpose of throwing in and out of gear.
a and a', pinion wheels keyed on the ends of the shaft Z, which also

page_text: resembles that of an ordinary crane. The pinion a is shown geared into.b,
a large, toothed wheel keyed on to c, a transverse axle, on the reverse..end
of which is keyed d, a pinion wheel which gears into e, a large toothed
wheel keyed on to f, the barrel shaft ;-9, the chain barrel; all of which are
similar to those of an ordinary crane or crab winch; h, small spur wheel
the end of the vibrating shaft V. which slides thereon, but is prevented from
turning by means of a feather, and which wheel is thrown into gear with a
toothed wheele on the barrel shaft when it is desired to give a quicker
motion to the chain barrel, in which case the pinion X, which also slides on
the shaft, is thrown out of gear; i,, an oscillating hand lever connected to the
stage or floor of the crane; j, a jointstep; k, a connecting rod jointed at one
end to the vertical lever i, and at the other to l; a crank arm, which has its
fulerunt in m, a short transverse shaft, on which is keyed n and n',, two arms
which
are jointed top and p', two connecting links, the outer ends of which
encompass the vibrating shaft V, the eyes on the outer ends of which
formed as to give the requisite play to the axle; q, a weighted lever, the outer
end of which is bent downwards at a right angle, and is formed with an eye
through which the vibrating shaft passes, and which has its fulcrum at r, and
the eye of which is sufficiently large to allow the requisite play to the shaft.
The object of this weighted lever is to throw back the friction wheel on the
vibrating shaft against t, the stationary break; u and u¹ are crank handles for
actuating the chain barrel by hand; and y, is a crank handle for swivelling
the crane by hand. By reference to Figure 7 the form of bearings used for
supporting the vibrating shafts H and V will be readily seen.
་':
are
Figures 8, 9, and 10 (Sheet Two); represent my improved arrangements for
using two chain barrels for taking up one. chain. Figure 8 is a side elevation
of two chain barrels geared together with a double pulley wheel, over which
the two ends of the single chain are passed, one end of which is attached to
one barrel, and the other to the other; Figure 9, is a top view or plan of the
same; Figure 10 is a side elevation of a pair of chain barrels, which are
arranged to take up a chain through a double lower block; Figure 11 is a plan
or top view of two pairs of chain barrels mounted on two parallel shafts, and
which are geared together by means of a pair of toothed wheels, and which
are used with a double rope or chain, the ends of which are taken up simul-
taneously; Figure 12 is a front; elevation; and Figure 13, a side elevation of
the same.
The mode of operating my improved crane is as follows:-Having got up
steam, I set the small double engine to work, which gives motion through the

page_text: cranks to the lower shaft, which carries the first friction pulley, and which is
geared to the upper parallel shaft, gives motion to the same in an opposite
direction. When I want to hoist, I draw the lever i backwards, which elevates
the vibrating shaft V, and brings the friction pulley thereon in contact with the
upper friction pulley, which gives motion through the train of wheels and so
forth to the chain barrel. When I want to reverse the motion, I merely
press the lever in the opposite direction, which causes the vibrating shaft to
drop, which enables me to bring the periphery of the friction wheel in contact
with the periphery of the friction wheel on the lower driving shaft, which
revolving in the opposite direction to the upper one reverses the direction of
motion. When I wish to swivel the crane, I merely bring the friction wheel I
on the shaft in front of the driving friction wheels against the upper and lower
driving pulleys or T by a lever motion similar to that shown at Figure 6,
by which arrangement I am enabled to rotate the crane in either direction.
When it is desirable to actuate the crane by hand instead of steam power, the
same is performed through the medium of the crank handles. In which case
I fix the lever i by means of a locking pin or its mechanical equivalent, so that
the friction driving wheel W is not in contact with either of the friction
driving wheels T or U, or with the stationary break. In using two or more
chain barrels, the axles thereof I mount in suitable fixed bearings of the crane
or crab winch, as will be well understood by those acquainted with the art,
and the same may be driven at equal or varying speeds as may be found most
expedient. Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this
my said Invention, and the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise details, relative proportions, or dimensions herein-before
described and set forth, as it will be readily seen that the same may be con-
siderably varied without departing from the Invention; but what I claim is,-
Firstly, the combination of the boiler and engine on the revolving platform
of the crane, with the upper and lower driving pulleys in connection with the
pulleys on the vibrating shaft for actuating the chain barrel or barrels when
more than one is used, and for swivelling the crane, substantially in the
manner, and for the purposes herein-before described and set forth.
:
Secondly, the peculiar arrangement of band lever motion for moving the
ends of the vibrating shafts, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein-before described and set forth.
Thirdly, the general arrangement and combination of the various moving
parts of the crane herein-before described and set forth.

page_text: And, lastly, the use of two or more chain or winding barrels applied to one
crane or crab winch, substantially in the manner, and for the purposes herein-
before described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sampson Moore, have hereunto set my
hand and affixed my seal, this Eleventh day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Witness,
WILLIAM WALKER,
of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.
SAMPSON (L.S.) MOORE.