IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR SYSTEM OF GLAZING AND THE MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR ATTACHING GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS TO SKYLIGHTS PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hungate Preston Dennis of 20 High Street
Chelmsford in the County of Essex Horticultural Builder for an invention of
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR SYSTEM OF GLAZING AND THE MEANS
AND APPLIANCES FOR ATTACHING GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS TO SKYLIGHTS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hungate Preston
Dennis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1882.
THOMAS HUNGATE PRESTON DENNIS of 20 High Street Chelmsford in the
County of Essex Horticultural Builder. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR
SYSTEM OF GLAZING AND THE MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR ATTACHING GLASS
OR OTHER MATERIALS TO SKYLIGHTS, SASHES, WINDOWS, ROOF BARS OR OTHER
FRAMING
"
The object of my invention is to afford increased facilities for glazing horti-
cultural buildings, green-houses, skylights, windows, and other analogous structures,
and rendering the same weather proof, and for affording convenient means of
glazing, reinstating or repairing such structures from the inside of the building.
My said improvements being also applicable to the fixing of slate, sheet metal,
wooden boards, or other suitable material. The means whereby I effect these
improvements consist of special forms of sash bars, glazing bars, or rafters, which
may consist of wood, iron copper, zinc or any other suitable material or combination
of materials and may sectionally and longitudinally be formed solid and in one
piece, or laminated or otherwise built up of different pieces.
The upper part of the bar consists of a fixed cap, clip, flange or shoulder
(hereinafter called the "cap") against the under face of which the glass or other
material is pressed by the means or appliances herein after described. This cap
may form a portion of the bar in one solid piece, or may be separately formed and
suitably attached thereto by nails, screws, bolts or studs and nuts, or otherwise.
The lower part of the bar is fitted with means or appliances for sustaining and
Drive Car

page_text: pressing the glass or other material to and against the under face of the cap, such
means or appliances consisting of projections in or upon the bar, and being formed
of flat, straight, curved, spiral, volute, or other springs; of sliding sheaths, cotters,
wedges, excentric or other cams; of bolts, screws or nails, or of any combination
of such appliances; and the same may consist of wood, metal, india rubber, or any
other rigid or elastic material or combination of materials.
Such modes of attachment do not preclude the application of putty or any other
(temporarily or permanently) elastic material to one or both sides of the glass or
other material, if required to render the same weather proof.
By the means, arrangements and appliances herein before described, the workmen
can attached the glass or other material, or repair, or replace the same, from the
inside of the building, without the necessity of any recourse to, or assistance from
the outside thereof, and repairs can be speedily effected in any weather.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Hungate Preston Dennis in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st December 1882.
THOMAS HUNGATE PRESTON DENNIS, of 20 High Street, Chelmsford, in the
County of Essex, Horticultural Builder, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OR
SYSTEM OF GLAZING, AND THE MEANS AND APPLIANCES FOR ATTACHING GLASS
OR OTHER MATERIALS TO SKYLIGHTS, SASHES, WINDOWS, ROOF-BARS, OR OTHER
FRAMING,"
"
The object of my invention is to afford increased facilities for glazing borti-
cultural buildings, green-houses, sky-lights, windows, and other analogous structures,
and rendering the same weather-proof, and for affording convenient means of
glazing, reinstating, or repairing such structures from the inside of the building..
My said improvements being also applicable to the fixing of slate, sheet metal,
wooden boards, or other suitable material.
The means whereby I effect these improvements consist of special forms of sash
bars, glazing bars, or rafters, which may consist of wood, iron, copper, zinc, or any
other suitable material or combination of materials, and may sectionally and
longitudinally be formed solid and in one piece, or laminated, or otherwise built,
up of different pieces.
The upper part of the bar consists of a fixed cap, clip, flange, or shoulder
herein after called the "cap ") against the under-face of which the glass or other
material is pressed by the means or appliances herein after described. This cap
may form a portion of the bar in one solid piece, or may be separately formed and
suitably attached thereto by nails, screws, bolts, or studs and nuts, or otherwise.
The lower part of the bar is fitted with means or appliances for sustaining and
pressing the glass or other material to and against the under-face of the cap, such
means or appliances consisting of projections in or upon the bar, and being formed
of flat, straight, curved, spiral, volute, or other springs: of sliding sheaths, cotters,
wedges, eccentric or other cams: of bolts, screws, or nails, or of any combination of
such appliances; and the same may consist of wood, metal, India-rubber, or any
other rigid or elastic material or combination of materials.
Such modes of attachment do not preclude the application of putty, or any other
(temporarily or permanently) elastic material to one or both sides of the glass or
other material, if required, to render the same weather proof.
By the means arrangements and appliances hereinbefore described, the workmen
can attach the glass or other material, or repair, or replace the same, from the
inside of the building, without the necessity of any recourse to, or assistance from,
the outside thereof, and repairs can be speedily effected in any weather.
And, in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood, reference
is made to the accompanying drawings, wherein similar letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts in the several figures.
о
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of two of the sash bars a a, and caps a³ a¹, (in
this figure shewn in one piece with the bar). The sectional form of the sash bar
and cap are such that the grooves b b afford space for the putty or other elastic
material at cc under the cap, also for the end or edge of the glass or other
material d d, and the springs e e. These springs rest upon the ledge f and support
the glass in position.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal elevation of Fig. 1, shewing the glass d, putty c, and
springs e e in section.
Figs 3 and 4 are similar views to the foregoing, with a variation in the form of

page_text: the sash bar, and in the mode of sustaining the glass in position against the upper
projecting edges of the cap. It will be seen that the ledge f and springs e (Figs 1
and 2) are dispensed with, and in lieu thereof the spiral cams e' are fitted as shewn.
By rotating these cams the glass is raised or lowered for the purpose of fixing the
panes or removing broken glass, and glazing and fixing in position fresh panes as
herein before described.
Figs 5 and 6 are similar views, shewing another modification in the form of the
sash bar and cap, the spiral cams being secured by studs and nuts as shewn.
Figs 7 and 8 are similar views, shewing another modification in the form of the
sash bar and cap. The bar a is of a greater depth than those previously described,
and of a plain rectangular section. The cap a¹ is made of zinc or other suitable
material, and of the sectional form shewn in Fig. 7. This cap is secured to the.
bar a by rivets.or screws or other suitable means as shewn at h h. The lower,
edges of the cap a¹ are made to overlap the edges of g, as shewn at a². g g are
also formed of zine or other suitable material, and of the section shewn in Fig. 7.
The upper part of g supports the glass d, and the lower part of g acts as a gutter
to collect any moisture that may happen to pass under a¹, and convey it away to
suitable receptacles or drains. The lower edges of g are supported by spiral
cams e as shewn.
.
Figs 9 and 10 represent similar views to those of Figs 7 and 8, with the
exception that the formations g g are supported by wedges e² e² as shewn.
Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 are shewn without any putty or other elastic material
under the caps a¹, such material may however be added, if preferred, and it may
also, in some cases, be omitted in reference to the arrangements shewn in Figs 1
to 6, if preferred.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1st The manufacture and use of sash bars and caps and other appliances in the
formation of skylights, sashes, windows, roof-bars, and other framing, constructed
and employed substantially as herein before described and shewn on the drawings,
or any mere modification thereof.
2ndly The respective combinations and arrangements of parts constituting my
improved means and appliances for attaching, removing, repairing, and renewing
glass or other materials, from the inside of the building, substantially as herein
before described and shewn on the drawings.
In witness whereof I the said Thomas Hungate Preston Dennis have hereunto
set my hand and seal this thirtieth day of November in the year of. our
Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty two.