Improvements in Stair Treads, Cellar Flaps, Coal Plates, Coverings to Subways and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Stair Treads, Cellar Flaps, Coal Plates, Coverings
to Subways and the like.
THOMAS FIRTH, 25, Wilson Road, White Horse Lane, East Ham, Essex, Practical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
To make my invention clear I annex hereto a drawing shewing my invention in
which steel iron or other metals may be used in combination with lead or other sub-
stances for the purpose of stair treads cellar flaps coal plates coverings to subways
& the like.
Fig. 1 shews a plan of my invention
Fig. 2 being a longitudinal section through A A &
Fig. 3 a transverse section through B B.
"
"
The plate "a" of steel iron or other material of any desired shape form or thick-
ness is perforated with holes of any desired size form shape or pitch. The metal
around the holes thus formed is flanged or pushed up by punching or otherwise
bending thus forming a series of rings or bosses "" projecting any desired height
from the plate
(b at the same time being part of the said plate "a" & of any
desired shape form thickness or pitch. The cells or holes "c" thus formed are filled
in with lead or other substance "d" which lead or other substance when in use forms
a safe silent & non-slipping surface & a sure foothold either longitudinally trans-
versely or in any other direction & at the same time the bosses or rings "" of steel
iron or other material ensuring durability & strength. Referring to Figs. 4, 5, 6, it
will be seen that not only may the cells "c" be filled in with lead or other substances
but that the intervening spaces or interstices "e may also be filled in with lead' or
other substance either leaving the cells c in an unfilled state or filled in with lead
or other substance "d" as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3 substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of January 1898.
"
THOMAS FIRTH,
Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Stair Treads, Cellar Flaps, Coal Plates, Coverings
to Subways and the like.
THOMAS FIRTH, Engineer, 25, Wilson Road, White Horse Lane, East Ham,
London, E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to certain improvements in stair treads, cellar flaps coal
plates, coverings to subways and the like, the object being to combine, steel iron or
other metals with an anti-slipping material.
Referring to Fig's. 1, 2, & 3, in drawings annexed hereto, the plate a of steel iron or
other material of any shape, form or thickness is perforated with holes of any desired
size form or pitch, the metal around the holes thus formed is pushed up by punching
or equivalently bending thus forming a series of projecting rings or bosses b which in
shape may either circular, diamond, square, hexagon or otherwise as may be desired
& of any pitch or thickness, & at the same time the rings or bosses forming part of
the plate a.
The cells or holes c thus formed are filled in with lead or other anti-
slipping substance which when in use forms a safe, silent and non-slipping surface
either in a longitudinal, transverse or other direction, the bosses or rings 6 of steel,
iron or other material forming part of the wearing surface, thus ensuring strength
and durability at the same time.
The plates when used for stair treads will have the front edge bent to the form of.
the ordinary nosing, the front row of bosses being protected from excessive wear by
means of a metal strip rivetted or otherwise secured to the main plate a as shewn in
Fig's. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, otherwise the plates will be flat. The method of fixing these
treads will be substantially the same as ordinarily and needs no further indication.
According to a modification of this invention, the rings or bosses b (the edges of
which form part of the wearing surface) may be made each in a separate piece by
cutting off the requisite length from a piece of hollow section material and securing
same to the main plate a which has previously been perforated with holes of the
requisite size & form by expanding the bosses b after having been placed in position
as shewn in Fig's. 10, 11, 12.
In the matter of forming the bosses or rings b, of part of the main plate as in
Fig's. 1, 2, 3, when these are formed on account of the method of manufacture the holes
are larger at the bottom than at the top. To prevent the non-slipping material there-
fore from falling out I enlarge also the upper portion of the cells by rymering or
otherwise expanding thus making the diameter or width midway between the top &
the bottom of the bosses or cells slightly smaller than the diameter or width across
the top & the bottom as shewn.
On referring to Fig's. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, it will be seen that not only may the cells c
be filled in with the non-slipping substance but the intervening spaces or interstices e
may be also filled in with the non-slipping substance, either leaving the cells c in an
unfilled state or filled in with the non-slipping substance as shewn in Fig's. 1, 2, 3
substantially as described.
Fig's. 13, 14, shew the application of my invention to the ordinary coal plate.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is as follows:-
First In the manufacture of stair treads, cellar flaps, coal plates, coverings to sub-
ways & the like, the plate with perforations, the metal around the perforations

page_text: being formed into a series of rings or bosses b which may be of any shape, form, or
size, pitch depth or thickness, thus making a number of cells or holes for the recep-
tion of the anti-slipping material for the purposes set forth herein.
Secondly The intervening spaces or interstices may alternatively be filled in with
the anti-slipping material thus forming a perforated tread as shewn in Fig's. 7, 8, 9
hereunto annexed.
Thirdly Both the cells and the interstices or intervening spaces may be filled in
with the anti-slipping substance as in Fig's. 4, 5, 6.
Fourthly The main-plate a perforated-as-hereinbefore--described-but-provided
with-rings-or-bosses-b-each of n-separate-piece-of-hollow-section-material,-secured-to
the-main-plate-a-thus-forming holes & spaces--for-the-reception-of-the-anti-slipping
material-us-in Fig's. 10, 11, 12
Dated this First day of November Eighteen hundred and ninety eight