IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING MACHINERY
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Paget, of Loughborough, in the County of
Leicester, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING
MACHINERY."
Sealed the 22nd May 1860, and dated the 7th March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Paget at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th March 1860.
I, ARTHUR PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN KNITTING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists partly in additions to and improvements upon
my two Patents dated respectively the Third day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven (No. 930) and the Second day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine (No. 830,) with the Specifications of
which it will be well to be acquainted to fully understand this my Invention,
which consists,―
Firstly, in a method of producing a selvedge in any part of the width of the
frame by the employment of an incline, cam, or lever attached to and traversing
with the incline for actuating the sinkers or their equivalents; by which first-
mentioned incline, the thread layer or thread layers is or are made to descend
and pass between the needles at the end of each course.
Secondly, in a method of alternately knitting web and narrowing or widening
the same, or making changes in the knitting by moving endwise in the

page_text: direction of their axes the set of cams or levers employed in knitting the web,
and another set or sets of cams or levers employed in effecting the narrowing,
widening, or changes in the knitting.
Thirdly, in a method of producing by a self-acting motion (in which cams,
inclines, or levers can be used) the before-mentioned endwise movements of
the cams or levers; which said self-acting motion can be without arresting the
revolution of the cams, brought into operation by hand, or by tappets, or holes
in an endless chain, belt, drum, or pulley.
Fourthly, in a method of suspending the action of the drawing across
motion by the employment of an incline or cam piece, so arranged that when
required it can be made to lift a hinged incline piece, or other mechanical
equivalent, and thus prevent the catch block entering the notch in the
drawing across pulley, by which the said catch block would otherwise be
carried round.
Fifthly, in a method of changing the velocity or suspending the rotary motion
of the cams by tightening or slackening two or more belts or cords working
at different speeds.
SPECIFICATION.in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur Paget in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th September 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
PAGET, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Arthur Paget, Her special licence that I, the said Arthur Paget, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said 'Arthur
Paget, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING
MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Arthur
Paget, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under

page_text: my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Paget, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This Invention will be clearly understood by aid of the accompanying
Drawings, and reference to the letters and numbers thereon; the same
letters and numbers being used to denote the same parts throughout.
.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the thread layer shewn in its traversing posi-
tion, together with the incline whereby it is made to descend between the
needles at the end of each course, the sinker incline portions of the slide bars,
and such other parts as are necessary to clearly explain the peculiar arrange-
ment and action of the thread layer and incline actuating it. Fig. 2 is a
corresponding end elevation, partly in section, of the sanic parts. Fig. 3 is a
front elevation of the thread layer when depressed between the needles by the
action of its incline. Fig. 4 is a corresponding end elevation, partly in section.
The thread layer or tube a, provided with suitable holes for the purpose of
receiving the thread and delivering it to the needles is attached to, or formed
with a slide a', which can be slided vertically in suitable guides, or a groove
formed in the slide a², supported by, and free to move horizontally in either
direction, along the fixed bar a³, which may be part of or secured to the bar
for supporting the sinkers, as described in my previous Patent, No. 830 of
1859, or may be secured to the framing in any other convenient or suitable
manner, as is well known to makers of knitting machinery. The slide a² may
be moved along the bar a in the same manner as the thread layer slide de-
scribed in the Specification of my Patent, No. 830 of 1859; that is to say, it
may have attached to it the spring clip a', which clips the bar a attached to
and moving across the frame with the slide b, which slide carries the incline
U', whereby the sinkers bare actuated. The slide in the present case also
carries the thread layer incline a, for the purpose of acting (in its passage
across the frame) upon the upper end of the vertical slide a', and thereby
pushing it downward and causing the thread layer a to descend and pass
between the needles c when the thread layer slide a has its motion arrested,
and the inclines b¹ and a
pass it.
It is thus evident that a selvedge may be
produced on each edge of the wedge, as by the ordinary tubular thread layers

page_text: in general use, and the thread layer a can be lifted to its former position
(after, or whilst the course is knocked over and completed) by a rocking-
shaft, levers and bars; or in any other convenient or suitable manner, as is
well understood by makers of knitting machinery, It will also be seen that
two, three, or more thread layers can be put into action in the same manner,
and on the same bar, and actuated by the same incline, each thread layer
being arrested at such spot as may be required.
Fig. 5 (Sheet 2) is an elevation of an arrangement for carrying into effect
the second part of my Invention, and Fig. 6 an end view of the same.
d represents the shaft or axis of the various cams employed respectively for
knitting web, and narrowing, or making changes in the knitting, and e a tubo
fitting upon and revolving with the shaft, but capable of being moved endwise
thereon as hereinafter explained, or by any other convenient or suitable means.
The cams e, e, e³, e', e³, es, and e, are formed with or secured to the tube e.
The series of cams e, e³, and e³, (coloured blue) actuate the levers e, e, and elo,
for the purpose of knitting web. For narrowing, widening, or otherwise chang-
ing the knitting, the tube e may be moved endwise upon the shaft d, into the
position shewn at Fig. 7, so as to bring into operation the series of cams e², et, e,
and (coloured red). The cam e2 will now actuate the lever c, which was pre-
viously actuated by the came, the cam e' will actuate the lever e¹o, previously
actuated by the cam c, and the cams e and e' will actuate the levers e" and
e, not previously in motion, and the lever es will be left out of action, thereby
altering the motions of some levers, bringing into action others, and throwing
others out of action, as may be required. The levers are coloured blue or red,
to correspond with the series of cams which act upon them; those acted upon by
both series being coloured both blue and red.
It may easily be seen that the same result may be attained by the equi
valent act of moving all or part of the levers simultaneously endwise, instead
of the cams as described, also that the number and shape of the cams for either
the ordinary knitting, or the required narrowing, widening, or changing the
knitting may be varied, as the said change may require, and the said levers
may be so adapted by rocking shafts, or other convenient or suitable means, to
actuate any kind or arrangement of coverers for narrowing or widening, or to
actuate a second set of needles for making ribbed work, or any other arrange-
ments for making changes in the knitting, as is well understood by makers
of knitting machinery. It will also be seen that a third or more sets of cams
and levers may be applied, so as to effect other changes in the knitting, if
requisite. It will also be seen that only one or more cams may be moved
endwise at one time, if required. For the purpose of effecting, by a self-

page_text: acting motion the before-mentioned endwise movements of the cams, the
arrangement represented on Sheet 3 may be used.
Fig. 8 being an end view, Fig. 9 an elevation, and Fig. 10 a plan thereof,
f represents an endless chain or belt, passing over the pulley f¹, and having
an intermittent or step-by-step motion communicated to it, in the direction
of the arrows, by any convenient or suitable means, as is well understood
by makers of knitting machinery. To the chain or belt f are secured
tappets f, so as to raise (when the endwise movement of the cams is
required) the pin f³, and the lever f, which has its axis or fulcrum at f³
and at its end the helicoidal or screw-shaped segment or incline f. Another
arm or branch of the lever f has at its end the helicoidal segment or incline
inclined or screw-shaped in the contrary direction to f, or (as will perhaps
be better understood) the two inclines being right and left handed, d repre-
sents a portion of the shaft or axis of the cams, and e, a portion of the tube
carrying the cams and requiring to be moved endwise. The tube c has formed
upon or secured to it the arm e¹³, the projection e¹ of which passes through
a notch or recess formed in the end of the driving arm e, secured to the
shaft d. In the position of the parts as shewn, it is evident that when the arm
e¹³, and tube e shall be caused to revolve with the shaft d, by the driving arm
els, the position endwise of e¹³, and e will remain unaffected by either of the
inclines for f, as neither of them will come in contact with any part of e, ets,
or its projections e¹ and e¹. When, however, the lever f* is moved, either
by hand or by the action of one of the tappets f³, so as to bring the inclines fo
and finto the position indicated by the red lines on Fig. 8, the end of the
projection e, will in its next revolution come in contact with the helicoidal
edge of the incline f³, and be thereby slided endwise, carrying with it the arm
e¹³, and tube e, into the position shewn in red dotted lines on Fig. 9. The
inclines fand f will afterwards, while in this position, continue out of action,
and allow the arm e¹ and tube e to revolve without being affected in their
position endwise, on the shaft d, but immediately upon the lever f, and inclines.
fo and f, resuming their original position, the edge of the part ele of the pro-
jection will be acted upon during its next revolution, by the helicoidal edge
of the incline f, which will cause e¹d, e², e¹³, and e to movo endwise to their
original position, in which they may continue to revolve clear of both inclines,
until the leverf* shall be again moved.
!
It is obvious that a drum having tappets or holes, and caused to revolve in
a suitable manner, may be substituted for the endless belt or chain and tappets
herein described, and that the arrangements may be otherwise modified in
various ways without departing from their distinctive principles.

page_text: Fig. 11 (Sheet 4) represents a side view of a portion of a drawing across
pulley constructed in accordance with my Patent No. 930, of 1857, and further.
provided with such an arrangement as will enable the action of the drawing
across motion to be suspended. Fig. 12 is an edge view, and Fig. 13, a plan
of the same; g represents the drawing across pulley revolving in the direction
of the arrows, g' the drawing across notch, g and g the drawing across cords,
and the catch block attached to the cord g². The hinged throwing out
block and incline piece g' resting at the bottom of the notch, and having two
projecting studs or pins 9 and 97 is hinged or jointed to the pulley 9 at 9 and
is held down to its seat by a spring acting in the direction of the dotted arrow.
9 is the stationary incline employed for throwing out the catch block in the
ordinary working of the drawing across motion as explained in the Specifica-
tion of my Patent No. 930, of 1857. The incline or cam-piece which may
be employed for suspending the action of the drawing across motion is formed
upon, or secured to, the lever h¹ having its fulcrum at h³. In the position of.
the parts as shewn in Figs. 11, 12, and 13, the drawing across motion will act
in the ordinary manner, that is to say, the catch block gt will be caught by the
notch in the pulley g, and carried round with the pulley as explained in the
Specification of the Patent last bereinbefore referred to. When it is desired.
to suspend the action of the drawing across motion, the incline or cam-piece h
is moved by means of the lever h³ into the position shewn at Figs. 12 and 13,
in red dotted lines. In this position its edge will, during the revolution of
the pulley, come in contact with the pin g' and will thereby raise the hinged
throwing out block and incline piece g³ into the position shewn at Fig. 14,
thus lifting the catch block and causing the notch in the drawing across
pulley to pass the catch block and thus suspending the action of the drawing
across motion as required. It is evident that as long as his retained in this
position, the action of the drawing across motion will remain suspended, but
when his caused to resume its former position, then in the next revolution of
9, the drawing across notch will carry with it the catch block as before
described.
Figs. 15 and 16 (Sheet 5) are respectively an end and side elevation of an
arrangement which may be used for changing the velocity or suspending
the motion of the cams. In these Figures i represents the revolving
driving shaft, from which motion may be required to be given at intervals
and at different velocities to the cam shaft d. The pallies and 2
secured to and revolving with the shaft i, are situated opposite to the pullies
and keyed upon the cam shaft d. The slack endless band rests in the
grooves of the pullies and d' and the slack endless band in those of the

page_text: pullies and d². A lever m having its fulcrum at 'm' and moveable as
required, by a connecting rod m² or other convenient or suitable means. carries
the grooved tightening pullies &¹ and free to revolve on studs formed with or
secured to the lever m and situated respectively opposite to the bands k and
5 as shewn at Fig. 16, both bands being slack, the cam shaft d will remain
stationary. If it be required to put the cam shaft din motion at a more rapid
rate than that of the driving shaft, the lever m must be moved into the position
shewn in black lines at Fig. 17, thereby causing the tightening pulley k' to
press upon the band k and tighten it upon the pullies and d¹ still leaving the
band slack. If, on the contrary, a motion slower than that of the driving
shaft i is required to be given to the shaft d, the lever m must be moved into
the position shewn in red lines at Fig. 17, which will slacken the band k and
by means of the pulley will tighten the band and by thus driving from the
small pulley will produce the required effect.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention
and the manner in which the same may be performed, I desire it to be dis-
tinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein set
forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the prin-
ciple thereof; but I claim the general mechanical arrangements herein-before
described. The method of producing a selvedge in any part of the width of the
frame, by the employment of an incline, cam, or lever attached to, and
traversing with the incline for actuating the sinkers or their equivalents, by
which first mentioned incline, the thread layer or thread layers is or are made
to descend and pass between the needles at the end of each course.
The
method of alternately knitting web, and narrowing or widening the same, or
making changes in the knitting, by moving endwise in the direction of their
axes, the set of cams or levers employed in knitting the web, and another
set or sets of cams or levers, employed in effecting the narrowing, widening, or
changes in the knitting. The method of producing by a self-acting motion (in
which cams, inclines, or levers can be used) the before mentioned endwise
movements of the cams or levers, which said self-acting motion can be,
without arresting the revolution of the cams; brought into operation by
hand or by tappets, or holes in an endless chain, belt, drum, or pulley. The
method of suspending the action of the drawing across motion, by the employ-
ment of an incline or cam piece, so arranged that when required it can be
made to lift a hinged incline piece or other mechanical equivalent and thus
prevent the catch block entering the notch in the drawing across pulley, by
which the said catch block would otherwise be carried round. The method
of changing the velocity, or suspending the rotary motion of the cams by

page_text: tightening or slackening two or more belts or cords working at different speeds
and I claim each of the above methods or arrangements either separately or in
combination with any or all of the other methods or arrangements.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Paget, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of September in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty..
Witness, the above,
C. TEBBUTT,
Manufacturer, Loughborough,
in the County of Liecester.
(L.S.)
ARTHUR PAGET.
Manufacturer, Loughborough,
in the County of Leicester.