IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS COOKING STOVES
Year: 1884

page_text: JOHN SOMERVILLE, of the Gas Works, Bankside Southwark, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer and WILLIAM HOSGOOD YOUNG WEBBER, of Amel, Overhill Road,
Forest Hill, in the County of Surrey, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS COOKING STOVES to be as follows :-
In that class of gas cooking stoves which have a roasting or baking oven, we
heat the oven by means of gas burners, preferably of the ordinary flat flame
illuminating type, which are suitably arranged upon gas supply tubes placed
outside the stove upon swivel joints, so as to enable the burners to be lighted
outside the oven and then swung into position the inside thereof through holes
made in the oven casing for the purpose.
The oven is lined inside with a tightly fitting moveable lining, preferably of
sheet copper, or of any other inoxidisable metal capable of reflecting and radiating
heat; the said lining being perforated to allow of the entry of the heat and
products of combustion of the gas. The products of combustion enter the oven
lining near the bottom, and escape from it by an opening at the top, after which
they are caused to pass under the bottom of a suitable vessel to contain water.
which is placed immediately over but not in contact with the said oven lining, and
finally escape from the stove by a flue opening in the outer casing at a lower level,
which opening may be controlled by a damper.
There is a clear space left between the oven lining and the outer casing of the
stove which constitutes a hot air jacket all round it, except at the top, where the
products of combustion pass away as already described. The lining is supported
on suitable shelves and held in place by flanges, formed upon the inside of the outer
casing, which also act as obstacles to prevent the heated products of combustion
from establishing a draught round the outside of the oven lining, and thus compel
the said products to take their proper course through the interior of the oven.
The water vessel or boiler already mentioned is made to present a large surface
to be heated by the waste products of combustion after they leave the oven; and
may also have an auxiliary arrangement of gas burners for heating it from without

page_text: the oven.
The stove, with the oven and water boiler arranged as above described,
may be provided with the usual appurtenances of burners at the top, for purposes
of boiling, grilling, and toasting. We prefer to pinch the oven door tight, when
closed, by means of a lever catch working upon an eccentric pin; and, further, to
fix upon the oven door legible instructions for working the stove.
Parts of this invention, such as the arrangement for heating and the water boiler
placed as described, are applicable to gas cooking stoves with fixed linings, packed
with material for retaining the heat, or otherwise.

page_text: JOHN SOMERVILLE, of the Gas Works, Bankside Southwark, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer and WILLIAM HOSGOOD YOUNG WEBBER, of Amel Overhill Road,
Forest Hill in the County of Surrey Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS COOKING STOVES and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In that class of gas cooking stoves which have a roasting or baking oven, we
heat the oven by means of gas burners, preferably of the ordinary flat flame
illuminating type, suitably arranged upon swivelled gas tubes placed outside
the oven.
This Invention also relates to a method of providing gas ovens or roasting
chambers with moveable linings; and also to a means of utilizing the waste heat
of the gas combustion products after they leave the oven.
Parts of this Invention are applicable to gas stoves already in use.
The accompanying drawings show a gas cooking stove in which this Invention is
embodied. Fig. 1 is a half elevation and section of the stove; Fig 2 is a horizontal
section through 3 on Fig 1; and Fig 3 is a side elevation of the moveable lining
of the oven.
The oven A is rectangular on plan, slightly higher than its width or length, and
is provided with the usual means of suspending viands for cooking. It is formed
by the lining A', which we make of inoxidizable metal, such as copper, or of iron
rendered inoxidizable on the surface by a protecting coating of enamel, tin, copper,
&c; or the black oxide produced by what is commonly known as the" Bower-Barff"
process. This lining is not attached to the framework of the stove in any way, but
is readily removeable for cleaning or other purposes. It slides into its place upon
flanges f, formed upon the casing k, and is supported by other flanges f¹ which also
act as baffles to prevent the products of combustion of the heating flames & from
making their way round the outside of the lining, in the space h, to the flue y. The
products of combustion consequently enter the holes a a, and escape from the oven
by an opening o in the top near the front. The course of the draught is shown by
the arrows in Figs. 1 and 2. There is a clear space h round the lining which serves
as a hot jacket. We prefer to dispense with the heat-absorbing packing with
which this space is commonly filled; but we are not precluded from filling it
wholly or in part with any suitable packing cemented or otherwise secured to the
casing or flanges, so as not to interfere with the free moving of the lining.
The front edge of the lining A' is rebated in the front plate, and held in place by
the door r, and the bottom is closed by the sliding dripping pan p, so that while
cooking is going on the influx of air is as much as possible confined to the holes a a.
The oven heating burners d, which are preferably of the ordinary flat-flame
illuminating type, are fixed upon the gas supply tubes c, which are swivelled, as
at e, either at the front or back. The number and power of these burners may be
varied according to the size of the oven; but in any case they will project their
flames, as shown, through holes in the outer casing of the stove corresponding to
the holes a a in the lining, and will be swung into the position indicated by the
dotted lines in Fig. 2 for lighting. The flames will not enter the inside of tho
oven, except slightly, and will not therefore take up the area of the oven; but will
radiate their heat freely into it, and also send in their products of combustion as
already described.

page_text: The waste products of combustion, after issuing from the oven at o pass over the
top of it in the space u, Fig. 1, and travel to the outlet flue y underneath the
Boiler B, which is made to conform to the shape of the stove and oven, as shown,
and has a large heating surface in proportion to its capacity. For heating the
boiler when the oven is not used there is a separate set of burners m, protected by
a perforated screen 8. The boiler thus forms an integral part of the stove, and its
cover is the bottom of the upper portion C of the stove in which are disposed the
boiling and grilling burners x, x. The boiler is filled through a moveable part
of the cover, and is emptied by the cock z. To prevent too sharp a draught
through we may place the flue outlet y, which is controlled by a damper, at a
lower level than the bottom of the boiler. To render the stove as convenient for
use as possible we place plate racks on the sides as at v v; and also fix a code
of instructions for using the stove at r, on the front of the door.
We prefer to use flat-flame illuminating burners for all purposes.
Portions of the combination herein described, and illustrated in the drawings, are
capable of being applied to gas stoves already in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
First. The combination, in a gas cooking stove, of a moveable oven lining,
together with swivelled exterior burners with flames mainly in the space between
the casing and lining, and a boiler for utilizing the waste heat of the oven, arranged
substantially as described and shown, and for the purposes herein set forth.
Second. The use in any gas cooking stove, of any of the parts of the aforesaid
combination, separately or together, in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
Doted thin 90th day of October 1884