AN IMPROVED MODE OF TREATING SURFACES OF STONE, PLASTER, AND CEMENT
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Benjamin Daines, of Charles Place, De Beauvoir
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF TREATING SURFACES OF STONE, PLASTER, AND CEMENT
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Benjamin Daines
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th August 1854.
I, JOHN BENJAMIN DAINES, of Charles Place, De Beauvoir Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF TREATING SURFACES OF STONE, PLASTER, AND
CEMENT FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE SAME FROM DECAY," to be as follows:-
The chief object of this Invention is to impart to the exterior surfaces of
stone and compo buildings, the power of resisting the destructive effects of the
atmosphere and of damp. To this end, when operating upon a porous stone
or cement, I first apply a solution of sulphate of zinc, or a solution of alum, or
other suitable inorganic body, and thereby fill the pores and neutralize the
tendency to alkaline efflorescence. I then, by the aid of a brush, or by
means of an exhausted case applied to. the wall of the building, coat the

page_text: prepared surface with a cold solution of sulphur, obtained by the use of linseed
oil or other suitable solvent, not incompatible (like acids) with the nature of
the material under treatment, and the stone or other material will then be
impervious to moisture, and even susceptible of taking a polish, if such were
desired. This Invention, it will be understood, is applicable to the preserva-
tion from decay, and also to the embellishment, of a variety of articles
composed of stone, plaster, or cement, as well as the interior walls and floors
and ceilings of buildings.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said John Benjamin
Daines in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th April 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BENJAMIN DAINES, of Charles Place, De Beauvoir Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Benjamin Daines, Her special licence that I, the said John
Benjamin Daines, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Benjamin Daines, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF TREATING SURFACES OF STONE, PLASTER, AND CEMENT
FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE SAME FROM DECAY," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Benjamin Daines, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Benjamin Daines, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-

page_text: This Invention relates to a certain mode of treating the surfaces of stone,
brick, and composition buildings, for the purpose of enabling them to resist
the destructive effects of the atmosphere and of damp, and thus preserving
the same from decay. To produce these results, I employ a solution of one
part by weight of sublimed sulphur in eight parts of linseed or other oil.
These ingredients are placed in an earthen vessel, and heated in a sand bath
to a temperature of 226° to 278° Fahrenheit, when the sulphur is dissolved.
This solution when cold is to be laid on the surface of buildings or building
materials by means of a brush or other suitable means.
What I claim under the above in part recited Letters Patent is, the use of
a solution of sulphur in linseed or other oil, prepared substantially in the
mode described, and applied to the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Benjamin Daines, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
JOHN BENJAMIN DAINES. (LS.)
Witness,
CHA F. STANSBURY,
67, Gracechurch Street, London.