Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th June, 1891
Complete Specification Left, 26th Mar., 1892-Accepted, 30th Apr., 1892
We,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks.
DAVID THOMAS YOUNG, and HARRY WILLIAM YOUNG, both of
Ryland Works, in the City of Birmingham, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in hydraulic jacks and hydraulic
forcing appliances used for pushing and coupling bolts and pins and for other
like purposes and has reference to the improved manner in which we arrange
the parts and fittings for the jacks as described in the Specification of our
Patent No. 12,927 of 1889, whereby a shock or blow can be communicated to the
belt or pin while under the pressure from the hydraulic ram of the jack or
appliance. By this additional introduction of a blow or sudden shock we are
enabled to give the bolt or pin a starting move in a manner more likely to cause
its ejectment from the coupling or shaft, than is at present possible with the simple
thrust from the ram alone.
In carrying our invention into effect in one manner we arrange the ram of our
hydraulic jack with a projecting tail or stem which passes through the end of the
bydraulic cylinder or its cover sufficiently to permit of this tail being struck with a
hammer or other instrument even when the ram has made its full inner stroke.
The cylinder we cast or mount at right angles to the pump cistern or in any other
suitable position so that the ram and its tail has free movement in the direction
of the centre line of the bolt, shaft spindle or pin which is to be operated upon.
The inner portion of the ram tail forms with the body of the ram an annular
space for the liquid under pressure to work in, a suitable leather or other cup or
ring being provided to keep the liquid from escaping, and a similar ring, or gland and
packing being arranged for the tail rod or end to work through. The outer head
or face of the ram we shape to suit the head of the bolt or pin or we curve it
slightly for the better transmission of the pressure.
The cistern and the pump we
construct in any usual or ordinary manner and we arrange the claws, legs or arms
for carrying our hydraulic cylinder and cistern so that it may be in the most
convenient position for working upon a bolt or shaft, in the manner set forth in the
Specification of our Patent No. 12,927 of 1889.
By another arrangement of our thrusting ram we obviate the shock to the ram
itself when communicating a blow to the pin or shaft being operated upon, by
constructing our ram of a tubular or hollow form so that a drift or other rod may
be placed through the length of the ram to meet the bolt or pin, and a blow given
to the outer end of this drift for starting the pin, bolt or shaft from its tight
position. When employing this form of hollow ram we mount or form upon the
inner portion of the ram which works within the hydraulic cylinder a ring or
collar carrying a leather or other pressure confining packing, and we also provide
a like packing or stuffing box or gland for the tubular ram to pass through, so that
the liquid under pressure from the pump may be conveyed between these two
jointing surfaces and thus the desired thrust given to the ram head, while at the
same time a blow through the hollow ram may be communicated to start the bolt
or pin from its tight position. In this arrangement of ram we mount the hydraulic
cistern and pump at right angles to the ram cylinder or other suitable position in
the manner hereinbefore described.
We do not limit the application of our hollow ram or projecting tail rain to the
particular arrangements of arms and cistern and pump fittings hereinbefore
described but we employ our improved rams and cylinders to work with any
ordinary kind of supporting frame or arrangement of claw supports with similar

page_text: advantage for the purpose of permitting of the application of a blow or shock
in addition to the ordinary thrust of the hydraulic jack or other hydraulic forcing
appliances.
Dated this 25th day of June 1891.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birminghain, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Jacks.
We, DAVID THOMAS YOUNG, and HARRY WILLIAM YOUNG, both of Ryland
Works, in the City of Birmingham, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to the manner in which we construct and arrange hydraulic
jacks and hydraulic forcing appliances, particularly applicable for forcing out bolts
and pins from couplings of shafts, and relates principally to the improved manner
in which we arrange the fittings and parts of jacks constructed as described in the
Specification of our Patent No. 12927 of 1889, whereby a blow or shock can be
communicated to the bolt or pin while under the pressure from the hydraulic ram
or forcing head of our jack or appliance. By this additional introduction of a blow
or sudden shock we are enabled to give the bolt key or pin a starting move in a
manner more likely to cause its ejectment from the coupling shaft or other object
than is at present possible with the simple thrust or steady push given from and by
the ram or head alone.
In carrying our invention into effect in one manner, we construct the bolt forcing
jack or appliance as set forth in the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings
in which
Figure 1 is a front elevation, Figure 2 an end elevation with the cistern shown
in section,
Figure 3 a vertical section through the ram and cistern,
Figure 4 a sectional plan through the cylinder with the ram removed, and
Figure 5 a detail elevation of our solid ram.
k
The
The ram A of our hydraulic jack we arrange with projecting tails or stems A', A
which pass through the end of the hydraulic cylinder and its gland cover K
sufficiently to permit of the tail A' when solid being struck with a hammer or other
instrument even when the ram has made its full inner stroke. The cylinder B we
cast or mount at right angles to the pump cistern C or in any other suitable
position so that the ram and its tails have free movement in the direction of the
centre line of the bolt, shaft spindle or pin which to be operated upon.
inner portion of the ram tail A' forms with the body of the ram A an annular
space B' for the liquid under pressure from the pump E to work in, a suitable
leather or other cup or ring a, being provided to keep the liquid from escaping,
and a similar ring or gland and packing & being arranged for the tail rod or end A¹
to work through. The outer head or face of the ram when solid as shown in
Figure 5 we shape to suit the head of the bolt or pin or we curve it slightly for
the better transmission of the pressure. The cistern C, cover D, release stop H
and the pump piston F we construct in any usual or ordinary manner, and we work
the pump by means of an ordinary hand lever upon the spindle G. We arrange.
detachable claws, legs or arms N, N on the hydraulic cylinder and cistern so that
it may be in the most convenient position for working upon a bolt or shaft; and
we tie the legs or supports together by means of distance bolts O, O, and secure
them to the body of the cylinder by providing jaws N1, N2 to fit and be pinned on
to lugs or projections B2 by means of pins n.
We sometimes cast or form the claws, legs or arms in one piece with or solid

page_text: with the body or cylinder B, and we vary the shape of such solid legs or claws
to suit any particular requirement.
By another arrangement of our thrusting ram we obviate the shock to the ram
itself when communicating a blow to the pin or shaft which is being operated upon,
by constructing our ram A, A', A2 of a tubular or hollow form as illustrated in
Figure 3 so that a drift or other rod L with or without a cap or cover M may be
placed through the length of the hollow ram to meet the bolt or pin, and a blow
given to the outer end of this drift for starting the pin, bolt or shaft from its tight
position.
Instead of carrying our separate striking or starting drift rod L right through
the entire length of our ram A, A1, A2 we sometimes cause the drift rod to
enter a hole formed within one tail rod A' and to communicate its blow to the
ram by striking the solid end or bottom of the hole formed within the tail rod of
the ram.
We do not limit the application of our hollow ram or projecting tail ram to the
particular arrangements of arms and cistern and pump fittings hereinbefore
described, but we employ our improved rams and cylinders to work with any
ordinary kind of supporting frame or arrangement of claw supports with similar
advantage for the purpose of permitting of the application of a blow or shock in
addition to the ordinary thrust of the hydraulic jack or other hydraulic forcing
appliances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The construction and arrangement of hydraulic jacks and lifting and forcing
appliances having rams or pistons upon which the water acts, provided with pro-
jecting tails or stems for the purpose of permitting a blow or shock to be given to
the object while under pressure from the pump cylinder, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. The construction and arrangement of hydraulic jacks and lifting and forcing
appliances having hollow rams or pistons for permitting the introduction of a bar
or rod for the purpose of transmitting a blow to the object while under hydraulic
pressure, substantially as herein described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3. The construction and arrangement of independent or removable claws or arms
such as N for use upon hydraulic jacks and fifting and forcing appliances, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 25th day of March 1892.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.