LMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OILY AND FATTY MATTERS FROM WOOL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1880

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filod by Thomas Williams at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1880.
THOMAS WILLIAMS, of 110, Cannon Street, London, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer. "LMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING
OILY AND FATTY MATTERS FROM WOOL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES,"
The object of this Invention consists in certain improvements in the construction
of and mode of operating apparatus for extracting oily and fatty matters from
wool and other substances, by the use of carbon bisulphido or other similar
solvents, whereby its operation is rendered more easy and precise without injury to
the materials operated upon, and obviating the necessity for the vacuum process;
or it may be worked in conjunction with the vacuum or other process, and for this
purpose I provide suitable cylinders and tanks, as shewn in section on the
accompanying Drawings; and in order to particularly describe in what manner the
said Invention is to bo utilized and put in practical operation, I will now proceed
to describe the construction of the apparatus by reference to the Drawings
accompanying these presents by the letters placed thereon, and herein referred to.
"
DESCRIPTION. OF THE DRAWINGS.
The liquid carbon bisulphide being placed in a suitable tank, hereinafter called
the reservoir, the wool or other substance to be operated upon is placed in cylinder A,
and the false top B, preferably made of open wire work, securely fixed; the top
or cover C is then fastened by means of bolts or other suitable 'fastenings, and made
effectually air tight by suitable packing; the carbon bisulphide is then introduced
by means of a pump or water pressure through inlet cock D, and allowed to slowly
permeate the material until it has thoroughly combined with or become incorporated
with the oily or greasy matters, when the cylinder is fully charged with the greasy
bisulphide; a further quantity of bisulphide is then introduced, and allowed to pass
freely through the outlet E until all the grease or oil is extracted, and which can
be ascertained by a suitable test cock fixed near the outlet E; the cock F is then
shut off, and the surplus bisulphide allowed to drain into the reservoir through the
cock D; the cock D is then closed, and water introduced through the cock G, and
heated by means of steam passed through the coil pipe H; the heated water is
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page_text: then allowed to slowly ascend through the material, and, if found desirable, up to
the top of the pipe I.
When the thermometer in the cylinder rises to one hundred degrees Fahrenheit
vaporization of the bisulphide commences, the vapour passing up through the pipe I
is condensed to a liquid state in the worm J, collected in tank K, and returned to
the reservoir through cock L.
The pipe I may be provided with a test cock to shew when the heated water is
flowing to the condenser; when this is indicated the cock Ġ may.be shut off, the
water in the cylinder A being kept at a sufficient temperature to vaporize the
bisulphide, the material will be thoroughly freed from it, and may then be safely
removed, the water run off through cock G.
The greasy bisulphide is carried down pipe E into a suitable tank, and distilled
by means of a steam coil pipe similar to pipe H; the vapour, being reduced to a
liquid state, is conducted to the reservoir, and the oil or grease remaining may be
drawn off into casks or other receptacles provided for the purpose.
The cylinders A and K aro provided with guage glasses, indicating the liquid
therein. The pipe E is provided with test cocks suitably placed to show when the
solvent is passing through the cylinder free from oil or grease. The cylinder A is
provided with thermometers to indicate the temperature of the water heated by the
steam coil H
As in many instances it is found convenient to place the condensing tanks in an
elevated position, necessitating a considerable length of pipe between the cylinder
and condensors, in order to facilitate the travelling of the bisulphide vapour, I enclose
the vertical portion of the main pipe I in a larger one marked-M, and heating this
chamber-by-means of water or of steam introduced through pipe N, or by means of
_a_small coil of steam pipe, thus preventing-the-vapour-condensing in the vertical
pipe, and returning to the cylinder-A;-the-large pipe M is provided with outlet 0-
and cock P at bottom for condensed water.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I make no claim to the
general construction of the machinery as set forth in the Drawing and Specification
above referred to, but I claim as improvements in the mode of operating and
details,-
First. Effecting the elimination by vaporization of the carbon bisulphide or other
solvent left in the material operated upon by the application of heated water at a
low temperature without injury to the material, and at a much less expense than
heretofore.
Secondly. The steam jacket or otherwise heated chamber enclosing the main pipe
leading from the cylinder to the condensing tank.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Williams, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness to the signature of
Thomas Williams,
HENRY HOWARD,
53, Abingdon Villas,
Kensington, W.
THOMAS WILLIAMS. (L.S.)