CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Kenyon and James Kenyon, both of Black-
burn, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners, for the Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES."
Sealed the 8th December 1876, and dated the 24th June 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Kenyon and
James Kenyon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th June
1876.
JOHN HENRY KENYON and JAMES KENYON, both of Blackburn, in the County
of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES."
Our Invention consists-
First. In the taper guides placed between the main cylinder and the doffer, and
coming close to or touching the wire of the card fillet. These guides are made of
wood or other suitable material, and they are provided with chamfered edges
which turn over the fibres projecting from the main cylinder. The lower part of
the guides is parallel to prevent the fibres leaving the cylinder when delivering
the same to the doffer.
Secondly. In the application of a plate which fits in the angle space between
the main cylinder, the doffer, and the last finishing or clearing roller; this plate
prevents the accumulation or rolling of fibres between the doffer and the main
cylinder.
Thirdly. In the application of one or more wings or plates to the ends of the
main cylinder to cause currents of air, which prevent the fibres falling from the
rollers and clearers and accumulating between the ends of the main cylinder and
the framing.
Fourthly. In an improved mode of constructing and clothing the top flats to
increase the carding surface. We make the top flats in two parts; the lower part
is triangular and the wires of the clothing are about the full width of the bottom
of the flat, while the foundation of the clothing is carried up and secured to the
sides or top of the triangular part. The upper part of the flat is secured by screws
or bolts to the lower part, or the flat may be made in one piece with the card
wires about the full width of the bottom and the edges of the fillet secured to
the sides of the flat.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Henry Kenyon and James Kenyon in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd December 1876.
"
JOHN HENRY KENYON and JAMES KENYON, both of Blackburn, in the County
of Lancaster, Cotton Spinners. CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES."
Our Invention consists-
First. In the application of chamfered guides between the side frame and the
ends of the main cylinder and the doffer.
Secondly. In the application of a cross plate which fits in the angle space between
the main cylinder, the doffer, and the last finishing or clearing roller.
Thirdly. In the application of one or more wings or plates to the ends of the
main cylinder.
And Fourthly. In an improved mode of constructing and clothing the top flats to
increase the carding surface.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood we will proceed to
describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is an end view of parts of the main cylinder and of the doffer of an
ordinary carding engine to which our improved chamfered guides are applied;
Fig. 2 is an edge view of one of the guides; Fig. 3 is a back view of the same; and
Fig. 4 is a section of the lower end of the guide drawn full size with the ends of
the main cylinder and doffer shewing the relative positions of the parts. a is part
of the main cylinder, and 6 the doffer, both of which are clothed with card teeth in
the usual manner; c is the chamfered guide, one of which is fixed inside the framing
at each end of the main cylinder. These chamfered guides are made of iron, wood,
or other suitable material, but we prefer cast iron. When made of cast iron we cast
a recessed slot in the face of each to receive a T-headed bolt, by which it is secured
to the frame side; this slot is shewn in Fig. 3 and the T-headed bolt in Fig. 2.
The object of the slot is to enable the position of the chamfered guide to be varied
according to the length of the card teeth. The upper edge and sides of the guide
are chamfered off, as shewn in Fig. 2, and the lower end is nearly parallel, or the
upper chamfer may be carried down to the parallel part of the guide. In securing
the guides to the frame sides the inner edge of each guide should be set nearly in
contact with the foundation of the card strips of the main cylinder, as shewn in
Figs. 1 and 4, thereby leaving sufficient space between the outer edge of the guide
and the doffer to allow the doffer to be set up when the card teeth have been
ground down. If the doffer should be set up until the chamfered guides become
bound between the ends of the doffer and the ends of the main cylinder the
attendant must slacken the T-headed bolts above referred to and raise the guides
until they are free.
In carding engines of the ordinary construction the fibres projecting from the
edge of the card clothing of the main cylinder are thrown off when the fleece is
being delivered to the doffer, and these fibres form balls or accumulations which
are carried forward by the doffer, thereby causing waste and balling the selvages of
the fleece. Now the chamfered edges of our improved guides turn over the fibres
projecting from the main cylinder, thereby causing them to go forward with the
fleece and preventing the injurious effect above referred to.
Fig. 5 represents part of an ordinary carding engine to which our second and
third improvements are applied. a is the main cylinder, 6 the doffer, and d is the
last finishing or clearing roller. In the angle space between these cylinders or rollers
we place the cross plate e, shewn also in Fig. 6, which is supported at each end in
adjustable brackets fixed inside the framing; this plate e is made by preference of
wood covered with sheet metal, and it prevents the accumulation or rolling of fibres
between the doffer and the main cylinder. In cards with revolving flats it is
desirable to let the ends of the plate e bear upon springs to allow the plate to yield.
To the end of the main cylinder are fixed three or other convenient number of

page_text: wings or curved plates f. These wings occupy nearly the space between the ends
of the cylinder and the frame sides, and as the cylinder revolves these wings or
blades cause currents of air which prevent the fibres falling from the ends of the
rollers and clearers, which fibres in ordinary carding engines accumulate between
the ends of the main cylinder and the framing and cause waste.
Fig. 7 is a transverse section of one of our improved top flats made in two parts.
In this view g is the lower part, to which the card strip is secured, and h is the
upper part or back. The two parts are connected together by screws i. The
part g forms a narrow trough with taper sides, and the foundation of the card strip
is secured to the sides of the trough by rivets or otherwise. After the card strip
has been stretched tightly over the face of the part g the part is secured to the
top by the screws i; by this means the card clothing of the top flat can be nearly
as wide as the flat itself, whereas in securing the clothing to the flat in the ordinary
manner the clothing was considerably narrower than the flat owing to the space
required for the tacks outside the card wire.
Fig. 8 represents a modification of our improved top flats. In this case the lower
part g is made solid, and through it are cast or drilled holes which are afterwards
plugged up, and the card clothing is secured by tacks driven into the plugs.
Fig. 9 is another modification of this part of our Invention. In this case the
ends of the foundation of the card clothing are secured together in the form of a
tube, and the lower part g is placed within the tube. When the back his secured
to the lower part g the centre rib in the back tightens the card clothing against tho
under side of the part g.
Fig. 10 is a modification of Fig. 9; in this case the card clothing is again formed
into a tube and the angles of the back piece / tighten the clothing against the
under side of the part g.
Fig. 11 represents how our improvements may be applied to card flats of the
ordinary construction. In this case the edges of the foundation are tacked to
the angled recesses in the top flat, and in Fig. 12 the edges of the foundation are
tacked to square recesses in the top flat. By this means the card teeth can be
made nearly as wide as the top flat.
In order to facilitate the tightening of the card clothing over the under side of
the top flat or of the parts g, above referred to, these under sides may be curved,
as shewn in Fig. 12; the card teeth would then be ground to a level surface.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, we declare that we claim-
First. The guides marked c with chamfered edges when applied to the main
cylinders and doffers of carding engines for the purpose described.
Secondly. The plate e made of wood covered with sheet metal or other suitable
material placed between the main cylinder, the doffer, and the last working or
clearing roller, as shewn and described.
Thirdly. The application of the wings f to the ends of the main cylinder, as
shewn and described.
And, lastly. The improved modes of constructing the top flats of carding engines
for increasing the width of the carding surface, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Henry Kenyon and James Kenyon,
have hereto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day of December One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
JOHN HENRY KENYON. (LS.)
JAMES
KENYON.
(LS.)