Improvements in or connected with Firo-places for Ventilating and Promoting Draught in Chimneys.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 24th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 18th Dec., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Firo-places for Ventilating and
Promoting Draught in Chimneys.
We, BENJAMIN DRAPER, of 2 Knowsley Grove, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and WILLIAM BAYLIFF and TшомAS DUTTON BAYLIFF, both
of Wirral Foundry, Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineers and, Iron
Founders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to fire-places, and more particularly open fire-
places of rooms or buildings; and has for its object' to provide improvements
in connection with same, by which the prevention of draughts in such rooms,
when the fire is burning, is effected; and also the prevention of down-draughts,
and obviation of "smoky-chimneys."
"
The prevention of draughts in rooms, and particularly in cold weather when
fires are burning in the grate of a room, is effected, according to this invention,
by the admission to the fire-place, of air from outside the building, whereby the air,
or bulk of the air used in the combustion of the fuel, and ascending the chimney,
is introduced direct from outside through a suitable conduit, and delivered to
the fire place, the admission being regulated by a butterfly, grid, or like valve;
and this air, according to one arrangement, is delivered to the fire-place by a tube
or conduit disposed along the front of and at the lower part of the grate; while
in another case, it is delivered under the grate, or partly in one way and partly
in the other.
For promoting draught in chimneys, or obviating "smpky" chimneys, air
from the outside is led up by conduits into the chimney or fire place above the
fuel, by conduits, say one at each side; and these conduits have suitable caps
over them to prevent soot falling into them, and they may be provided with
suitable valves for regulating the flow of air through them. In some cases, this
feature of this invention is combined with the mode of supplying air for prevent-
ing draught above described. In some cases, we use in connection with these
draught promotion tubes or conduits, gas jets, by lighting which, the action
thereof is facilitated when starting a fire, or at other times.
Dated this 23rd Day of December. 1896.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON
Applicant's Patent Agents,
15 Water Street, Liverpool.

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Fire-places for Ventilating and
Promoting Draught in Chimneys.
We, BENJAMIN DRAPER, of 2 Knowsley Grove, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and WILLIAM BAYLIFF and THOMAS DUTTON BAYLIFF, both
of Wirral Foundry, Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Engineers and Iron
Founders, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This Invention has reference to fire-places, and more particularly open fire-
places of rooms or buildings; and has for its object to provide improvements
in connection with same, by which the prevention of draughts in such rooms,
when the fire is burning, is effected; and also the prevention of down-draughts,
and obviation of "Smoky-chimneys."
The prevention of draughts in rooms, and particularly in cold weather when
fires are burning in the grate of a room, is effected, according to this invention,
by the admission to the fire-place, of air from, outside the building, whereby the air,
or bulk of the air used in the combustion of the fuel, and ascending the chimney,
is introduced direct from outside through a suitable conduit, and delivered to
the fire-place, the admission being regulated by a butterfly, grid, or like valve;
and this air, according to one arrangement, is delivered to the fire-place by a tube
or conduit disposed along the front of and at the lower part of the grate; while in
another case, it is delivered under the grate, or partly in one way and partly in
the other.
For preventing down-draught in chimneys, or obviating "smoky" chimneys, air
from the outside is led up into the chimney or fire-place above the fuel, by conduits,
say one at each side; and these conduits have suitable caps over them to prevent
soot falling into them, and they may be provided with suitable valves for regulating
the flow of air through them. In some cases, this feature of this invention is
combined with the mode of supplying air for preventing draught above described.
In some cases, we use in connection with these draught promotion tubes or conduits,
gas jets, by lighting which, the action thereof is facilitated when starting a fire,
or at other times.
.
Examples of applications of the invention, the nature of which is above described,
are illustrated in the drawings. In Figures 1, 2 and 3 (which are a front elevation,
cross section, and sectional plan, respectively), I shew improvements under the
invention applied to an ordinary domestic fire-place; whilst Figures 4, 5 and 6
are groups of views of details or modifications under the invention.
Referring in the first instance to Figures 1 to 3, a generally denotes an ordinary
fire-grate, and the grate-bars. is an outside wall of the room containing this
fire-place. e are the conduits, each being controlled by a valve e', and extending
between the outside of the wall d and the fire-place. f are hollow upright conduits
or trunks connected with the ends of conduits e where they pass through the floor;
and these two trunks are connected by a pipe h disposed just in front of, and at
about the level of the bottom of the grate: holes being provided in it to supply
air to the lower front part when required. Each of the upright air supplying trunks
has over its upper end (which is open) a hood f by which, while air can pass out,
soot and other matters are prevented from falling into it. i is a three-way valvo
provided on each of the air trunks f. by which the interior of the body below it,
is, at will, put either in communication with the pipe h, or direct with the open
mouth at få under the hood fl; or partly one and partly the other.

page_text: In action, fire being in the grate, and the valves i of the trunks f so placed that
their mouths are open to the conduit e, or that the pipe his open to this conduit,
air will enter from the outside through the conduit e, and will supply air to the
fuel, from outside the room (say from outside the house), instead of air from within
the room; with the result, that the fire does not cause air to enter the room through
cracks and openings round the door and between and round the window sashes,
nor anyway cause draughts or cold currents of air to traverse the room. But
irrespectively of this, it prevents downdraught, and obviates "smoky chimneys."
In Figure 1 there is also shewn in connection with the means or devices for
supplying air to the fire-place, a means for ventilating a room. This consists of
a tube k, extending up the side of the wall d from the upper side of the conduite,
and having at its lower end a valve k, and at its upper end a regulator or dis-
tributor 2. The entrance from e to k is on the inlet side of the valve el; and by
this means, when the valve el is closed, or partly closed, and the valves in opened,
more or less air, as required, can be made to enter the room through the venti-
lating tube k
In these Figures 1 to 3, a further modification is shewn, consisting of a hollow
or tubular extension or chest I, which is disposed above the fire-grate, and is
connected at one end, with the upper end of one of the trunks f, and at the other
with a tube or shaft m, which extends up into the fire-place of the room, or into
the room direct, next above it. By this means, air is supplied from the outside
of the house or building through the conduit e and trunk f, into the chest or
tubular part over the fire-place, where it is warmed and then conveyed up into
the rooms above, tempered to the degree required.
In action, assuming the apparatus to be without the chest I, air would enter
from outside the building through the conduits e, and passing up the trunks f
would be lischarged from either the mouth f, or through the apertures h₁ of
the conduit 4, into the fire-place. When delivered from the mouths f of the
trunks f, it will be obviously discharged at either side of the grate; while when
delivered through the apertures & it will be charged onto the face of the fuel on
the grate, and act, in some cases, consequently, somewhat as a blower.
In Figure there is shown a pipe with a valve of theroon. By this pipe, gas
may be supplied to the apparatus, and by its means gas flames will be discharged
at the apertures 4', and the fire lit without other kindling. Or, in lieu of this,
a lamp may be hung upon the tube 4, with wicks or burners projecting towards
the front of grate bars b, so that the flames would kindle the fuel.
Obviously, the exact disposition and arrangement of the parts of the apparatus
shewn in the drawings could be varied in any desired manner, under different
condition of application, to suit special cases. An instance of this is, that instead
of supplying both trunks with air through a single inlet omduit e, it could be
supplied by a single conduit, to which they could be both connected, such conduit
being preferalily carried under the floor, as in the example shewn.
Figure 4 shews in detail, a trunk f of the character of those shewn in Figures 1
to 3. That is, the trunk is open at its upper end at f, which forms the mouth,
and has a hood over this mouth; and a cylindrical valve i, works in a cylindrical
valve box or case. From this valve case a pipe h extends at one side, while the
mouth part is in line with the body of the trunk; and this valve would be
adapted to distribute air through the mouth the branch & being closed; or
through the branch -the mouth being closed, or partly through one opening
and partly through the other. In the case of a trunk of this kind being disposed
on each side of the fire-place, the two outlets h would be directed towards one
another, across the face of the grate.
In the modification shown in Figure 5, the mouth of the trunk is provided
with a grid, and a gridded cap i, fitting over or upon the grid and acting
as a grid valve. By turning this cap or valve, the apertures in would be
uncovered by its bars, more or less, and thereby allow more or less of the air passing
up the trunks to pass out by way of the valve opening, or out of the discharge

page_text: branches h. Of course, when the grid openings
out by way of the branches h.
are closed, all the air passes
Figure 6 shews two views of an air supply device for the front of the fire, being
a modification of the pipe h in Figures 1, 2 and 3. This modification, consists in
providing the pipe h with spreading nostrils 2, by which the air is discharged
and distributed in a comparatively wide and thin stream, onto or into the grate
front.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Invention
and in what manner the same, is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is;-
1. In means for promoting draught in, or ventilating, fire-places and chimneys,
the improvement described, consisting in supplying air to the fire-place or grate,
by means of air distributor or distributors, disposed and acting in relation to.
the grate, as described, and a conduit or conduits connecting the said air dis-
tributors with the space outside the room in which the fire-place exists; sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In apparatus or appliances for promoting draught in, or ventilating, fire-
places or chimneys, vertical air distributing trunks or devices; constructed,
arranged, and adapted to operate, substantially as set forth with reference to the
drawings.
3. In apparatus or means for promoting draught in, or ventilating fire-places or
chimneys, the employment, in combination with means or apparatus, as claimed
in the above claims, of means, substantially as described, of automatically kindling
the fire.
4. The combination of vertical air trunks, with horizontal or lateral air distri-
buting pipe or conduit: substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. The vertical air trunks f, with mouth f, and lateral branch h, and valve
for distributing the air to said mouth and branch; substantially as set forth with
reference to and shewn in the drawings.
6. The combination of parts as set forth with reference to and shewn in
Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of Septr. 1897.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON.
Applicants Patent Agents,
15, Water St. Liverpool.