Improvements in the Method of and the Means for Packing the Glands and other parts of Engines and other Machinery.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 19th Nov., 1898
Improvements in the Method of and the Means for Packing the
Glands and other parts of Engines and other Machinery.
I, WILLIAM WADE FITZHERBERT PULLEN, of Fairley Villa, 9, Oxford Road,
Putney, in the County of Surrey, Professor of Engineering, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention has for its object the packing of glands and other joints of a similar
nature for the purpose of preventing the escape of steam or other fluid round the
curved surface of a rod or cylinder which slides or rotates in the gland and stuffing
box or its equivalent.
Further, this packing not only prevents the escape of fluid, but renders the
packing of a gland a much less frequent occurrence than when only soft packing
is used, while the friction between the rod or cylinder and the packing is much
reduced.
It is also desirable for use in steam engines where the steam is superheated,
because the wearing parts may be constructed of materials which do not burn or
It is further
melt at any temperature which is used under ordinary circumstances.
suitable for use in internal combustion engines for the same reasons.
This packing consists of a number of gunmetal, phosphor-bronze or other
suitable metal rings, made in halves or any convenient number of parts, and so
shaped that radial pressure towards the bearing surfaces will bring the two or
more parts of a ring into intimate contact, and at the same time, presses the
different parts of the same ring against the surface of the moving rod or cylinder,
thus preventing the escape of fluid over its surface from a region of high pressure
to one of low pressure.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a metal ring made in two parts..
plan of the same ring
Fig. 3 is an elevation of a metal ring made in three parts.
Fig. 4, is a longitudinal section of one form of packing complete in working
order.
Fig. 5 is an elevation of a ring made in halves and showing a method of putting
on radial pressure.
Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the packing complete, with the arrangement
for producing radial pressure shown in Fig. 5.
The different parts of one metal ring are similar in construction, and the com-
ponents of the radial pressures on the ring, resolved in a direction perpendicular to
the plane of the joint ab or cd Fig. 1, bring the different parts of a ring into
actual contact at their plane surfaces ab and cd; at the same time the components
of the radial pressures in a direction parallel to the surfaces ab and cd make
each part slide towards the rod without breaking contact at a bored.
The radial pressure on the rings may be produced by a form of spring, or by
forcing into the cavity between the rings and the outer shell of the stuffing box,
some soft packing. One arrangement of this packing is shown in Fig. 4, as
Fig. 3 is an elevation of a metal ring made in three parts.
Fig. 4, is a longitudinal section of one form of packing complete in working
order.
Fig. 5 is an elevation of a ring made in halves and showing a method of putting
on radial pressure.
Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the packing complete, with the arrangement
for producing radial pressure shown in Fig. 5.
The different parts of one metal ring are similar in construction, and the com-
ponents of the radial pressures on the ring, resolved in a direction perpendicular to
the plane of the joint ab or cd Fig. 1, bring the different parts of a ring into
actual contact at their plane surfaces ab and cd; at the same time the components
of the radial pressures in a direction parallel to the surfaces ab and c make
each part slide towards the rod without breaking contact at a bor e d.
The radial pressure on the rings may be produced by a form of spring, or by
forcing into the cavity between the rings and the outer shell of the stuffing box,
some soft packing. One arrangement of this packing is shown in Fig. 4, as
Price 871

page_text: applied to the stuffing box of a cylinder; where M is the moving rod, C the
cylinder cover, B a metal bush, RRR metal packing rings, G the gland which
may be screwed up in the ordinary way, S the soft packing which produces the
radial pressure on the rings upon being compressed by the gland. The soft
packing S further stops any leakage between the rings if such should tend to take
place; at the same time the soft packing K acts as a spring so as to enable the
screwing up of the gland to have enough motion to compress the soft packing S
while the end pressure on the packing K maintains the rings R in contact with
each other. The soft packing K further distributes the lubricant on the rod M
evenly over its surface.
The soft packing K and S may be replaced by springs severally or conjointly.
One of these arrangements is shown in Figs. and 6. The end pressure on the
rings is produced by the helical spring K, and the radial pressure by the cir-
cumferential springs SS which may be tightened up by the wedges W being
pushed in by the screwing up of the gland. In the place of the springs SS Figs. 5
and 6 an ordinary Ramsbottom ring or rings may be used to put on the radial
pressure, or the rings may be made conical in outline and a companion sleeve or
gland forced over them, the inclined surfaces putting on both end and radial
pressure on the rings. A combination of the above may be employed for producing
the end and radial pressure upon the rings; or any other suitable means may
be used.
Instead of using two wedges W Figs. 5 and 6, one only may be used and the
spring S made in one piece, or with a hinge in the place of the discarded wedge if
such be necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
(1) In connection with metallic or semi-metallic packings, rings constructed in
two or more parts as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 in such a way that radial pressures
applied to them will bring the parts into intimate contact and press the parts on
to the rod or cylinder round which it is desired to prevent the escape of fluid.
(2). In metallic packings the combination of metallic rings made in two or more
parts as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 with a stuffing box, gland and soft packings for
putting on end and radial pressures as shown in Fig. 4.
(3) In metallic packings the combination of metallic rings made in two or more
parts as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 with a stuffing box, gland and springs for putting
on end and radial pressure as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
4 In metallic packings the combination of metallic rings made in parts as
shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 with a stuffing box, gland and Ramsbottom rings.
5 In metallic packings, the combination of metallic rings made in two or more
parts as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, but with their outside surfaces of a conical
or inclined shape, with a gland made to fit over the conical or inclined surface of
the rings so that the action of screwing up the gland, presses the rings on to the
rod and against one another.
(6) In metallic packings the construction of metallic rings made in two or more
parts with suitable means for producing end and radial pressures, whereby the
rings may be closed together substantially as described.
D
1
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