CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEASURES AND IN THE MACHINERY TO BE USED IN MAKING BRICKS AND EARTHENWARE, AND ALSO IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CARRIAGES FOR REMOVING THE SAID ARTICLES, WHICH SAID IMPROVE- MENTS ARE SEPARATELY APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1816

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
VAZIE, of the Parish of Saint Mary, Rotherhithe, in the County of Surry,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Sixth day of
November, in the forty-seventh year of His reign, give and grant unto me,
the said Robert Vazie, my exors, admors, and assigns, His especial licence,
that I, the said Robert Vazie, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, during the
term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, uso, exer-
cise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEASURES AND IN THE
MACHINERY TO BE USED IN MAKING BRICKS AND EARTHENWARE, AND ALSO IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CARRIAGES FOR REMOVING THE SAID ARTICLES, WHICH SAID IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE SEPARATELY APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Robert
Vazie, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to cause a
particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within oue calendar month after the date of the said recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully.
and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Vazic, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in the
Drawings in the margin hereof, and in the description following (that is to
say):
Part 1. To adjust the quantity of coals to be used in burning bricks and
in baking earthenware, I do place upon the outside of the coal bushel measure
with which I measure the said coals a moveable semi-circular metal bow, upon
which I suspend three moveable bobs or pins, of metal or other materials, so
es to form three gauges A, B, C, Fig. 1, of such a duc length, and at such a
distance from each other, that when the measure is filled with coals to the
height of seven inches perpendicular above the centre of the plane of the top
of the measure, the lower part of the gauge A is equal to the due height of
the heap, and the lower part of the gauges B, C, comes in contact with the
streight side of the heap at a mean distance from the top of the heap to the
outside of the measure, which heap is as nearly in the form of a cone as the
nature of the coals will permit, the outside of the measure being the extre-
mity of the case thereof. To prove the regularity of the sides of the said
heap on each side of the bow when placed perpendicularly, I apply thereto a
streight rule of metal or wood, or both, at least as long as the side of the cone.
The bow and the gauges are turned down by means of the hinges D, D, and
lic on the outside of the measure at the time of filling it. The bow, the
gauges, and the rule can be applied to any other perpendicular height of the
heap beside seven inches, and may with utility be used upon measures of
greater or less diameter or of any other denomination beside the said bushel
measure, in which cases a proportionate difference must be made in the length
of the bow, the gauges, and the rule, and also in the distance at which such
gauges are placed from each other, so that the side of the heap upon each
such respective measure shall be of equal declivity with the heap upon the
bushel measure at the time being. The said bow, with the gauges, may be
applied to adjust the heap without the rule, or the rule, adjusted to the duc
length of the side of the cone, as per Fig. 2, may be applied on each and
every side of the heap without the bow and gauges. In the latter case the
rule will both adjust the side of the cone and form a standard for the per-
pendicular height of the heap. Measures thus adjusted may be usefully
applied to the admeasurement of coals for household use and the other
purposes for which coals are used, and also for the measurement of
grain, fruit, roots, and such other articles as are usually disposed of by
admeasurement.
Part 2. To raise the water to be used in tempering and preparing clay or

page_text: other materials for making bricks and earthenware, I apply, in preference to
a pump with one piston or bucket, a pump with two or more pistons or
buckets in the following manner; (videlicet) upon a bar of wood or iron,
called a spear or rod, I do fix the uppermost piston. Upon the under side
of the said piston I do place an eye of iron or other metal, and by means of a
hook at the upper end of a separate bar of wood or iron A (upon which bar
I fix the undermost pinion) the different pistons are connected together, as
per B, C, Fig. 3. The distance betwixt the said pistons is two feet, and
every thirty feet the water is to be raised I apply two pistons thus connected
together, which rise and fall at one and the same time by means of a lever or
other machinery usually applied for that purpose. In order to prime the said
pump in case there is more than one set of pistons applied, I place the funnel
or small cistern D at a short distance above the lowest set. In the pipe which
connects the said funnel with the pump I fix a cock of brass or other fit
material, and in place of one plug I apply in the said cock the two plugs
E, E, or two separate cocks may be fixed in the said pipe. The pistons may
be placed at a greater or less distance from each other than is herein-before
described, and may be connected together by hinges of different constructions,
or may be fixed upon a rod passing through the different pistons with or with-
out a fixed joint upon the said rod. The box or boxes in the lower chamber
of the pump, also the pistons, also the valves upon the said box or boxes, and
upon the pistons, may be applied in any usual manner. Pistons thus connected
together may be also applied usefully in a pump to raise water from a mine
shaft, pit, or quarry, or the hold of a ship, and reservoir for general purposes,
or for compressing or exhausting air or steam; and the cock may also be
usefully applied to retain or draw off liquid matter from a pipe, cask, or
reservoir, or a boiler or vat.
Part 8. In the removal of bricks and earthenware with carriages engaged
on hire, in the daytime I do place, in a convenient situation upon or near the
top of each and every such carriage, a signal. When the carriage is unhired
the signal is placed perpendicularly, and appears as per Fig. 4; and when the
carriage is hired the said signal is turned down by means of a joint at A
(similar to the joint of a clasp knife), and lies horizontally. In the night-time
I do place in a similar situation to that before described a lantern containing
a lamp or other light. When the carriage is unhired the light appears
through certain characters cut in a shutter, as per Fig. 5, and when the
carriage is hired the said shutter is turned down by means of the hinges B, B,
when the light alone, without any characters, will appear. One or more day
or night signals, to answer the above purposes, may be exhibited on one or

page_text: more sides thereof, on each and every such carriage, in any other conspicuous
situation, form, or description, on metal or other materials, and may also be
affixed with advantage on hackney coaches, stagecoaches, and other carriages
usually engaged on hire; or the day signal may be exhibited upon the person
of the driver, or upon the outside of cach such carriage, when unhired, and
concealed when hired.
A further improvement in such carriages consists in reducing the friction
of the wheels. To effect this I do use in the boxes of the said wheels (in pre-
ference to common oil or other oily substance) oil prepared in the following
manner to free it from heterogeneous matter, which render it viscous or
tenacious; (videlicet) I take whale blubber, and put it into a pan (with a
moveable cover) of copper or other metal. This pan is placed upon a boiler,
and by the heat of the steam arising therefrom when boiling the oil is
extracted. The oil is then put into a separate steam pan with water, and is
there purified. The aforesaid boxes may be made in any of the methods in
use for retaining oil.
I also burn the said oil in the signal lamps before described, because it
affords a strong light, and leaves little or no incombustible matter in the lamp.
This oil may be used with advantage in the boxes of the wheels of other
carriages or burnt in other lamps, and is applicable to various other useful
purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Vazie, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and six.