Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1887 -
Complete Left, 25th Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 25th Feb., 1888
R
I JAMES GRIEVE LORRAIN of Norfolk House Norfolk Street London W.C. in the
County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention as communicated to me from abroad by Francis Finlayson Merchant and
Geoffrey Amherst Gosselin Electrical Engineer both of Sindh in the Empire of India
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a new or improved Marine Governor whereby certain
advantages are obtained.
"
This invention consists of means for the prevention of the evils which arise from the
racing of marine engines when the screw propeller is out of the water. It is well
known that the enormous torsional strains to which ship as well as shaft is subjected
through the racing of the engines during heavy weather are a constant source of large
expenditure through excessive wear and tear frequently resulting in the fracture of
the shaft and not unfrequently in the loss of the ship.
In the present invention the governing of the engines is regulated in accordance with
the position of the propeller in the water. For instance when the propeller is deeply
immersed the full head of steam may be given to the engines. As it rises higher in
the water steam may be partially cut off. When it emerges from the water the steam
may be still further cut off until it is reduced to the minimum required to keep the
engines at their normal speed when the propeller is only revolving in the air.
In carrying this invention into effect I employ a hydrostatic device placed in some
convenient position near the propeller for the purpose of bringing into play suitable
mechanism in order to actuate a valve controlling the passage of steam from the boiler
to the engine in accordance with the depth of immersion of the propeller. This
hydrostatic device consists of a thin flexible disc or plate preferably corrugated like
that of an aneroid barometer and capable of movement or bending according to the
pressure upon it of the water in which it is immersed. Attached to this disc and
passing through a small hole in the ship's side is a rod which extends to or is connected
with what I may call for the purposes of this specification the controlling device which
is in electric communication with a dynamo or other convenient source or reservoir
of electrical energy and also with what I may for the purposes of this Specification
call the actuating device. As the propeller rises and sinks in the water the varying
pressures of the latter upon the hydrostatic device influence the controlling device and
by means of electric contacts in or connected with the controlling device influence the
actuating device also which regulates the steam supply.

page_text: Any suitable mechanism may be employed to connect the actuating device with the
steam valve such for example as a coarse pitched screwthread formed on a spindle
actuated by the actuating device. As the controlling device may be exposed to moist
air or even to water it is preferably enclosed so as to be protected therefrom. A
convenient method of accomplishing this is by passing the rod from the hydrostatic
device to the mechanism of the controlling device through a very thin but flexible
plate or disc forming part of the case containing the controlling device and the aperture
through which the rod passes may be soldered or packed and fastened with washers
and nuts in an air-tight manner. A free movement of the rod is thus obtained without
undue friction and suitable means may be employed to protect this plate or disc from
injury. The case containing the controlling device may be provided with an aperture
filled with glass so that the adjustment and working of the controlling device may be
seen and a tube packed with fibrous or absorbent material and passing through the
said case may advantageously be provided to maintain the internal air pressure equal
to the external.
Any suitable mechanism may be used to multiply the movement of the transmitting
rod which passes from the hydrostatic device to the controlling device. For instance
in the controlling device a contrivance such for example as a rack toothed on both
sides each side working a pinion which pinions may be geared together by spur
wheels of suitable diameter... The spindle of either of these pinions and spur wheels
may carry a toothed segment or its equivalent in gear with a pinion operating a contact
maker. A suitable compensating apparatus such for example as a thermostatic
compound bar may advantageously be provided to prevent ill effects which might
arise from expansion or contraction due to variations of temperature. Electrical
contact pieces varying in number according to the particular arrangements adopted
are so disposed that the contact maker completes or breaks various electrical circuits
as may be desired to actuate the actuating device according to the depth of immersion
of the propeller. The actuating device consists of an escapement wheel and escape-
ment which latter may carry the iron armatures of two or more electro-magnets which
by alternate action produce a step by step motion causing movement to be communicated
to a rod or its equivalent in connection with the steam valve of the engine through a
suitable reversing mechanism. This reversing mechanism consists of two bevel wheels
rigidly attached to each other and capable of a lateral motion to and fro so as to bring
either one or the other into gear with a bevel wheel or pinion on the rod that operates
the steam valve. This reversing mechanism is actuated by two or more electro-
magnets operated by the controlling device so that the steam supply to the engines
is increased or diminished as required. The circuits connecting the various electro-
magnets with the contacts and with suitable rheotropes or current reversers regulating
resistances and the like are arranged in any convenient manner.
or
and
Various modifications equivalents of the electro-magnetic contrivances herein-
before referred to may be briefly referred to such for instance as a solenoid similar to
Deprez electrical hammer which as it is brought into circuit by the controlling device
attracts a core or plunger in connection directly or indirectly with the steam valve.
Or a number of armatures may be arranged in a circle having inside revolving arms
each arm carrying one or more electro magnets the spacing of the armatures being
such that when one pair of electro-magnets is over an armature, the second is half over
another and the third electro-magnet approaching another armature. These electro
magnets may be connected to a suitable commutator and their motion transmitted to
the steam valve. Or this arrangement may be reversed and the electro magnets
arranged in a circle with the armatures attached to revolving arms. Or a number of
electro-magnets controlled by several contacts may be employed to actuate separate
or connected cams rods or other suitable mechanisms connected directly or indirectly
with the regulator.

page_text: A New or Improved Marine Governor.
I, JAMES GRIEVE LORRAIN, of Norfolk House, Norfolk Street, London, W.C., in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in that manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by Francis Finlayson, Merchant, and Geoffery Amherst Gosselin, Electrical Engineer,
both of Sindh, in the Empire of India, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a new or improved Marine Governor whereby certain
advantages are obtained. The invention consists of means for the prevention of the
evils which arise from the "racing" of Marine engines, when the screw propeller is
partially or entirely out of the water. It is well known that the enormous torsional
strains to which ship as well as shaft is subjected through the "racing" of the engines
in heavy weather are a constant source of large expenditure through excessive wear
and tear frequently resulting in the fracture of the shaft or propeller and not
unfrequently in the loss of the ship.
.
In the present invention the governing of the engines is regulated in accordance
with the position of the propeller in the water. For instance when the propeller is
deeply immersed the full head of steam may be given to the engines. As the
propeller rises higher in the water steam may be partially cut off and if required
a brake can be partially or thoroughly tightened on a convenient portion of the shaft.
When the propeller emerges from the water the steam may be still further cut off to
any desired extent until it is reduced to the minimum required to keep the engines at
their normal speed when the propeller is revolving in the air and if desirable a brake
can at any position of the propeller in the water be partially or wholly applied to any
convenient portion of the shaft.
In carrying this invention into effect I employ a hydrostatic device placed in some
convenient position near the propeller for the purpose of bringing into play suitable
mechanism in order to actuate a valve controlling the passage of steam from the boiler
or boilers to the engines and further if required to allow the escape of the steam
already in the cylinder or cylinders the latter arrangement being possibly advisable
to prevent the expansion of the already admitted steam in the cylinders continuing to
impel the engines injuriously.
This hydrostatic device consists of a flexible disc or plate preferably corrugated
concentrically in a similar manner to the face of the vacuum chamber in an aneroid
barometer and capable of moving or bending inwards or outwards according to the
varying pressure of the water in which it is immersed. Attached to this disc and
passing freely through a small hole in the ship's side is a rod which extends to or is
connected with what may for the purposes of this specification be called the
controlling" device" which is in electric communication with a dynamo or other
convenient source or reservoir of electrical energy and also with what may also for the
purposes of this invention be called the "actuating device." As the propeller rises or
.

page_text: sinks in the water or the depth of the ship's draught near the stern varies, the varying
pressures of the water upon the hydrostatic device influence the controlling device and
by means of electric contacts in or connected with the controlling device influence the
actuating device which regulates the steam supply and also the exhaust from the
cylinders if desired.
Any suitable mechanism may be employed to connect the actuating device with the
steam valves and exhausts such for example as a coarse pitched screw thread formed
on a spindle actuated by the actuating device. The controlling device is either near
the hydrostatic device or at any convenient distance from it. In the first instance
suitable arrangements may as hereafter described be made to preserve the mechanism
from either damp or water. In the second special protection may not be needed and
the mechanism may be placed in a cabin or other suitable locality easy of access and
free from probable damage. A convenient method of protecting the controlling
device from atmospheric effects or from actual water is by passing the rod from the
hydrostatic device to the mechanism of the controlling device through a thin and
highly flexible or elastic plate or disc forming part of a case containing the controlling
device and the aperture through which the rod passes may be soldered or packed and
secured with washers and nuts in an airtight manner and if the flexible plate be of other
material than metal suitable cement may be used to render the passage of the rod through
the plate air tight. A free movement of the rod is thus obtained without undue friction
and suitable means may be employed to protect this plate or disc from injury. The
case containing the controlling device may be provided with an aperture filled with
glass so that the adjustment and working of the controlling device may be seen and a
tube packed with fibrous or absorbant material and passing through the said case may
advantageously be provided to maintain the internal air pressure equal to the
external.
Any suitable mechanism may be used to multiply the movement of the transmitting
rod which passes from the hydrostatic device to the controlling device such as a coarse
pitched screw thread cut towards the extremity of the transmitting rod the motion of
which would actuate a suitable female screw thus causing the latter to rotate in either
direction as the rod advanced or retired consequent upon the movement of the
hydrostatic device or a double rack with interlocking pinions may be used as herein-
after described. The spindle of either of these pinions may carry a toothed segment
or its equivalent in gear with a pinion operating a contact maker and reverser.
A suitable compensating apparatus such for example as a thermostatic compound bar
may advantageously be introduced in connection with or forming part of the gearing
of the controlling device to prevent any ill effects which might arise from expansion
or contraction due to variations of temperature.
Electrical contact pieces varying in number according to the particular arrange-
ments adopted are so disposed that the contact maker completes breaks or reverses
various electrical circuits as may be desired to actuate the actuating device according
to the depth of immersion of the propeller. The actuating device consists of one or
more escapements and escapement wheels or other suitable mechanism for producing
through the alternate action of two or more electro-magnets a step by step motion
causing movement to be communicated to a rod or its equivalent in connection with the
steam valve and if required the exhausts also through suitable reversing mechanisın.
This reversing mechanism may consist of two bevil wheels either driven in the same
direction or on separate parallel shafts each being ridgidly attached to a common
centre in the former case and capable of motion along the shaft so as to bring either
one or the other of the bevil wheels into gear with a pinion on the rod actuating the
steam valve.
This reversing mechanism is actuated by two or more electro-magnets operated by
the controlling device so that the steam supply to the engines is increased or
diminished as required. The circuits connecting the various electro-magnets with the
contacts and with suitable rheotropes or current reversers regulating resistances and
the like are arranged in any convenient manner.
Various modifications or equivalents of the electro-magnetic contrivances herein-

page_text: before referred to may be briefly noted such as for instance a solenoid or series of
solenoids arranged either as a hollow cylinder similar to Deprez electrical hammer or
as segments of a circle which solenoids are brought into circuit by the controlling
device and attract an iron core or cores in connection directly or indirectly with the
steam valves. The cores used in connection with these solenoids can be polarised by
means of electric-magnetic coils around or above them or a lever actuating the
steam valves may be moved directly by the force of a series of electro-magnets
actuating cams levers or connecting rods. This lever or "Main lever "
may be
employed in conjunction with a single or double series of electro-magnets which
might allow the lever to return to its position of rest by gravity or the force of an
opposing spring or electro-magnets may be employed to actuate the lever in both
directions. Any suitable mechanical means such as cams compound levers a course
screw thread rack and pinion or the like may be used to actuate the valves from the
motion of the lever.
The "
escapement" method may also be arranged by using two escapements and
two escapement wheels acting in reverse directions so that as either escapement is
actuated by means of one or more electro-magnets the shaft carrying the escapement
wheels is revolved in the one or the other direction. The arrangement of electrical
contacts being such that while one escapement and its wheel is being driven no
electric current is sent through the electro-magnets of the other escapement and
consequently the one wheel is allowed to "skip" back in exact proportion as the
other advances.
Any other ordinary mechanical means may be used to cause this step by step
motion through the means of electric currents acting through the medium of electro-
magnets.
It preferred the power for operating the valves may be obtained from a steam
engine or other convenient mechanical motor the electric current being only used to
call this auxiliary motor into action and controll its movements. This may be
accomplished by any well known mechanical device as for instance the following:-
:-
With suitable gearing a drum is continuously driven by means of the steam engine
or other motor in one direction. This drum actuates two interlocking spur wheels
carrying on their faces two bevil wheels of equal diameter. Facing and between the
bevil wheels is a double pinion with each face divided equally and alternately into
spaces consisting of toothed leaves and blank spaces. This pinion is carried on a shaft
capable of longitudinal motion so that each movement to or fro brings one or the
other face of the pinion into gear with a bevil wheel. Thus as the pinion shaft is
worked to and fro by electrical currents passing through suitable electro-magnets, a
step by step motion of the pinion and its shaft is produced. This shaft is further
furnished with a self acting double spring clutch which holds or stops the revolution
of the shaft and pinion at the completion of the revolution of either geared portion of
the pinion, until a fresh electric impulse moves the shaft back into the reverse
position and interlocks the gearing on the other side of the pinion with the other
bevil wheel until the same portion of a revolution is completed when the spring
clutch again comes into action. The impulses governing the movement of the shaft
and pinion are caused through the movements of the controlling device circulating
electrical currents through suitable electro-magnets.
Again a number of armatures may be arranged in a circle having inside revolving
arms each arm carrying one or more electro-magnets the spacing of the armatures
being such that when one pair of electro-magnets is over an armature a second may
be half over another and a third approaching another. These electro-magnets may be
connected to a suitable commutator and their motion transmitted to the steam valves.
Or the arrangement may well be reversed the electro magnets being arranged in a
circle while the armatures are attached to revolving arms.
The reversing mechanism required in connection with the above described step by
step rotation in the same direction would be similar to that previously mentioned in
connection with the step by step motion produced by the use of escapements and
escapement wheels.

page_text: Having thus described the nature and object of my said invention for a new or
improved marine governor I shall now proceed to describe more in detail the manner
in which it is to be or may be performed or carried into effect; and in order that this
more detailed description may be more readily understood I have annexed hereunto
sheets of drawings illustrative of my said invention and have inserted in the same
figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation.
Figure 1 is the hydrostatic device.
Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are views of different parts of a controlling device.
Figure 10 is a part of a step by step actuating device. Figure 11 is a diagram of a
form of making the electrical connections between the controlling and the actuating
devices. Figures 12 and 13 show a form of receiving gear to be employed when
steam or other power than electricity is used to move the actuating device. Figure 14
is an actuating device consisting of a number of solenoids attracting cores, and
Figures 15 and 16 show another form of electrical actuating device.
In Figure 1, a, a is a disc preferably corrugated and of either phosphor, aluminium,
or silicium bronze or any other suitable material embedded in vulcanised india
rubber or other suitable substance so as to present a smooth surface to the water
surrounding the ship. The disc should preferably be carried in a recessed ring so
as to form a continuous surface with the ships outer skin or plates. b, b, b, b, is the
ships skin in section; c, c, the ring containing the above disc; d, d, a spindle secured
to the disc and passing freely through the ship's skin; e a sleeve of insulating
material covering that portion of the spindle which passes through the ship skin;
ffff, a frame work placed on the inner side of the skin acting as a guide for the
spindle d, as well as affording means for limiting the play of the disc and spindle and
counteracting the external water pressure. g is an adjustable nut for increasing or
decreasing the power of the counterbalancing spring h. is an adjustable nut on the
spindle preventing undue outer pressure of the spring h. Thus by the proper adjustment
of the nuts g and i the disc a a can be adjusted to balance the normal water pressure
when the ship is in still water. In Figure 2 ; is a prolongation or continuation of
the spindle d and expands into a double rack. kkare interlocking pinions
gearing into the double rack j. is the spindle of the pinion k and carries a
segment of a spur wheel m gearing into a pinion n. o is a prolongation of the
spindle and double rack j and works in a guide p thus the movement to and fro
of the spindle d which is secured to the elastic disc a produces a rotary motion
considerably magnified in the pinion n. Obviously the movement of the disc a
under the varying pressure of the water in which the ship floats can be magnified
to a considerable extent. Figure 3 gives a side view of the pinion k, its spindle
and the segmental wheel m which works in the pinion n. Figure 4 shows a side
view of the rack work ; the pinion the prolongation o of the rack j and the
guide p. Figures 5 6 7 and 8 shew a convenient arrangement for the controlling
device. m is the segmental spur wheel gearing into the pinion n (see figure 2)
the spindle of which carries the two insulated semi discs A² A² one of which is in
contact with a contact spring H¹ and the other with a second contact spring H. the
arms C Care prolongations of each semi disc. These semi discs are carried on a
sleeve which turns freely on the spindle k of the pinion the two semi discs and their
arms being insulated from each other. Obviously the arms CC instead of being
projected from these semi discs may be radial prolongations of complete but distinct
discs insulated from each other and all other objects. The arm E is firmly keyed on the
spindle while the semi discs or two distinct and insulated discs are carried on a sleeve
or sleeves. The contacts springs however Hand H2 press with sufficient firmness to hold
the above discs or semi discs motionless during the partial rotation of the spindle k until
the main arm or contact maker E presses against either one or the other. As suitable
electrical contacts are furnished to enable the arm E to make contact with either C
or it is obvious from figures 6 and 8 that if the spindle k is turned by the motion
imparted to the controlling device towards the right or H² side electrical communica-
tion will be possible from H' through C to E and thence to the successive contact
blocks F F. On the movement of the spindle k being however reversed owing to a

page_text: reverse movement of the hydrostatic device and the consequent reversal of the
controlling device the arm E at once breaks contact with 02 consequently insulating H³
and simultaneously makes contact with C and through it with H An insulated
guard (not shewn) is carried on the main arm E which prevents either of the
arms CC being left behind more than a desired distance whenever the movement of
the arm E is changed. From the above it is clear that reversal of the currents
passing passing through E to F F is effected whenever the motion of the said arm is
reversed.
(:
<:
The short arm D is a device intended in conjunction with the insulating bar B to
insulate the segmented disc or discs A¹ A² from H and H2 and divert the current
which passes through the controlling device to the actuating device into another
portion of the latter for the purpose of allowing the mechanism of the gear actuating
the steam valves to be self correcting or in other words so that when the short arm D
makes contact between the two insulated portions of the block G a current is sent
through mechanism so arranged as to open the steam valve to its fullest desired
extent or cause it to be opened should any imperfect contact have occurred while the
arm E was passing over the contact blocks F F. This safety addition probably is
unnecessary but can be applied if desired. This device may conveniently be termed
a zero or correcting device. Figure 9 shews on a large scale the arrangement
of the contact blocks F F and their connections with the leads L' and L. As the
blocks F F are in alternate connection with the above leads it follows that when the
contact bar E passes over the contact blocks in one direction a current from say a
dynamo Z (see fig. 11) is sent alternately through L' and I while on the reverse
movement of the arm E a current from a second dynamo Z (see figure 11) is then
passed through the same leads in the same manner. Thus by one and the same
movement a step by step current is produced and a reversing current the former
being used to actuate or urge forward the escapement or escapements of the actuating
device the latter to reverse the motion communicated to the gearing which controls
the steam valves. Figure 10 shews one of two escapements escapement wheels and
their electro magnets. Each armature is attracted by an ordinary pair of horse shoe
electro-magnets. Figure 11 shows a diagram consisting of two escapements and
escapement wheels the latter working in opposite directions. Supposing the contact
maker E shewn in Figures 2 and 3 to be moved from left to right the current from
one terminal Z¹ of a dynamo passes through H' through A² to C2 (see figure 8) thence
through F to the coils of the horse-shoe electro inagnet E M² and returns to the
other terminal Z of the dynamo. On the contact maker E reaching the second
contact block the current from passes in a similar manner to the electro-
magnet E M³ completing the circuit as before at Z. As the contact maker E
continues moving towards the right hand therefore the electro magnets E M and E M³
are alternately in action thus oscillating the escapement and turning the wheel and
shaft as shewn by the arrow on the escapement wheel W. The escapement wheel W*
skips its escapement at the same time. On the return of the contact maker E towards
the left hand side C is released and C makes contact with E.
The circuit is then necessarily established from 7 through H and C to E and
thence assuming the contact E to have reached the fifth of the contact blocks F
through contact block No. 5 to electro magnet E M' and thence returns to the
dynamo by terminal Z1. The direction of current in the circuit being still from the
terminal to Z. Similarly on the contact E reaching contact block No. 4 (the circuit
from passing as before through (3) the electro-magnet E. M is excited and
consequently the same step by step motion is produced on the escapement wheel W2
as was caused on W only in a reverse direction. Should the contact E return to and
pass then the shorter arm marked D (Figures 8 and 9) completes the circuit
from through the zero contact blocks and the electro magnet of the shifting
clutch C L. This electro magnet attracts the armature facing it and presses a bevil
wheel capable of a sliding motion on the shaft which is rotated by the escapement
wheels away from a bevilled wheel keyed on a shaft actuating directly or indirectly
the steam valves. When the circuit is broken at the zero contacts a spiral spring or

page_text: other mechanical device again places the two bevil wheels in gear, so that should
there have been any defect in any of the contacts the steam valve may be fully opened
during the period that these wheels are out of gear either by a counterpoise or spring.
Thus on each return of the short contact arm D to zero which would take place when
the ships propeller had the normal depth of water over it any possible error in the
position of the valves would be corrected.
3
Figure 12 is a diagram showing the proposed method of using steam power either
of the main or auxiliary engines in the ship to regulate the steam valves electricity
being only used to control and reverse the action. a is an ordinary pulley or other
gearing driven continuously in the same direction by steam power. b, c are two spur
wheels interlocking and driven by a. On the faces of b and c are two bevil wheels d' d².
e is a double pinion each face of which is divided equally into toothed and blank
spaces. Thus when either side of the pinion is brought against one of the two bevil
wheels dor d³ the pinion and shaft carrying it revolve until the blank space reaches
the bevil wheel it is in gear with while at the same time a spring clutch for flocks
the clutch block thus preventing the momentum of the shaft and pinion carrying the
pinion beyond its proper position. As the shaft and pinion are capable of lateral
motion should they be moved in the reverse direction the opposite side of the pinion
engages with the other bevil wheel while the opposite arm of the spring clutch is
simultaneously brought into readiness to stop the revolution of the shaft at the proper
moment. Thus by alternately moving the above shaft to and fro a step by step
movement of the pinion in the same direction is produced. This to and fro motion is
produced by electro magnets g g which alternately attract the armature or armatures
on the shifting clutch . The currents actuating these electro-magnets occur when
the contact E (figures 8 and 9) moves over the contact blocks F F. A pinion i on
the above shaft is broad enough to always remain in gear with a spur wheel which
actuates a double bevil wheel K gearing with a pinion which further gears into
another bevil wheel K. Thus K¹ and K2 revolve in the same direction. Through
the action of two other electro-magnets pl p² a second shaft m is made to travel to
and fro bringing the alternate faces of the double pinion n into gear as required with
either K or K. The rotation of the pinion n consequently is in one direction or the
other. The leads in connection with the electro magnets pl p³ are in circuit with the
contacts Hand H2. Consequently the clutch o is drawn to one side or the other
the shaft m and pinion n following the latter.
A correcting movement somewhat similar to that shewn in Figure 11 is also added.
When the contact maker E returns to and passes contact block No. 1 (figure 8) the
short arm completes the circuit from the Dynamo through the double contact
block G while His insulated by the insulating bar B. A pair of electro-magnets q
thus brought into circuit attract an armature which then forces a forked or
V shaped arm up against the clutch arm actuated by the electro magnets pl p². As
these latter are then out of circuit the shaft m which is free to move longitudinally is
brought into a central position so that the pinion n is clear of both the spur wheels k¹
and and as the shaft is thus free to revolve any counter-acting force such as a
spring or weight may be allowed to revolve the shaft sufficiently to restore the steam
valves to their open position. The broad pinion s remains in gear with the wheel t
which is in connection with the steam valves in whatever position the shaft m
may be in.
Figure 13 shows a second method of producing the reverse movement of the shaft m.
The principle being the same the mode of working will be obvious without further
description.
Figure 14 shews two solenoids divided into any convenient number of separate
coils. Six are shewn in the drawing in each solenoid which each form segments of a
circle. Upon two radial arms are carried two soft iron cores which are carried on
circular prolongations of the aforesaid arms. The circuit through the coils of the
solenoids passes from a dynamo Z2 through any contact block F which the contact
maker E of the controlling device may be touching through the coils marked with the
same number as the said contact and block back to the dynamo. Thus the radial arms

page_text: and cores move in exact accordance with the contact arm E of the controlling device.
The shaft upon which the arms are keyed is used to actuate the steam valves. A
correction contact block similar to that already described and shewn in figures 11
and 12 can obviously be added to this arrangement but the reversing arms and C
(figures 7 and 6) are not required. If desired the same current which circulates
through the solenoid coils can naturally be used with electro-magnet coils on the
arms A' A2 to polarise the cores by taking the current from the common connection X
through the electro-magnet coils on the arms before completing the circuit at the
Dynamo.
Figures 15 and 16 illustrate another means of controlling the movements of or
opening the steam valves. In this device as in that shewn in figure 14 no reversal
of current is required. A set of cams or other suitable mechanism is placed at regular
intervals under or over a lever. Each cam lever or connecting rod is actuated by a
pair of electro-magnets so that when a current excites the electro-magnet the
mechanism connected with it either raises or draws down through a given distance
the main lever which directly or indirectly controls the steam valves. In Figure 15
for clearness an arrangement of two cams and their respective electro-magnets only is
shewn but the position of six pairs of electro magnets is shewn in plan in figure 16.
The dotted lines in Figure 15 show the position of cam connecting rods and armature
when no current is passing as well as the transverse section of the main lever. The
electro magnet coils contact blocks F F and contact E of the controlling device are
connected up precisely in the same manner as the. arrangement shewn in Figure 14.
In the present contrivance no correcting arrangement whatever is required as when-
ever the contact maker E passes to the left of the contact block No. 1 no circuit
would exist throughout the arrangement unless a shunt circuit be used merely to allow
the current from the dynamo to be uninterrupted. This could however be used as a
correction current if considered advisable. For returning the lever to its normal
position when the steam valves would be arranged for a full head of steam either
gravity or a spring arrangement may be used but obviously a duplicate set of coils on
the opposite side of the main lever can if desired be used to restore the lever to its
starting point. The system would be arranged exactly as that already described and
in this manner no counteracting spring or weight would be used in returning the lever
as it would be brought hack by the power of the second series of electro-magnets
exactly as it was moved in the first instance by the first series. Should however the
double set of electro magnets be used then the current reversers C¹² (Figures 7
and 8) or any other simple arrangement would be needed to place the second set of
electro magnets in circuit.
For simplicity the electro magnets shewn in plan in figure 16 are arranged at equal
distances along the lever X which is pivoted at Y but this arrangement can be
modified either by altering the position of the electro magnets or the throw of the
cams or play of the levers used in raising or depressing the main lever so that the
fulcrum or spindle of the main lever is rotated through an equal distance by means of
each pair of electro-magnets or the play can be varied at will. Probably the better
plan is to cause the lever to move through more space and consequently operate with
greater scope and quickness when the hydrostatic device is under a small pressure of
water than when the device was subjected to a considerable pressure of water.
It will be obvious that any convenient known form of brake pressing on the pro-
peller shaft or on a part in rigid mechanical connection therewith may be operated in
the same manner as is the steam valve hereinbefore referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed (as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents) I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The new or improved Marine Governor substantially as set forth.
2. In a new or improved Marine Governor the combination of a hydrostatic device
a controlling device an actuating device and a steam valve substantially as specified.
3. In a new or improved Marine Governor the combination of a hydrostatic device

page_text: a controlling decise a separate motor with an electrical device for regulating the action
of the same and a steam valve substantially as specified.
4. In a new or improved Marine Governor the combination of a hydrostatic device
a controlling device an actuating device and a brake substantially as specified.
5. In a new or improved Marine Governor the combination of a hydrostatic device
a controlling device a separate motor with an electrical device for regulating the action
of the same and a brake substantially as specified.
Dated this 25th day of Novambor 1987