IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SEWING BOOKS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, Patent Agent, of 38, Southampton
Buildings, London, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
SEWING BOOKS." A communication from abroad by Edward Stanley
Boynton, of Bridgoport, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1880.¦
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, Patent Agent, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SEWING BOOKS." [A communication from
abroad by Edward Stanley Boynton, of Bridgeport, Fairfield, Connecticut, United
States of America.]
This Invention of improvements in machinery for sewing books relates to book
sewing machines, and is an improvement on the British Patent, No. 1662, dated
April 25th 1878, to which reference may be had.
This present Invention relates to various improvements in the details of con-
struction whereby the mechanism described in the said Patent is greatly simplified,
made more positive in its operation, and more easily adjusted to different sized
books.
One of the improvements has for its object to arrest the cam shaft by a clutch,
as hereinafter set forth, whereby its movement is arrested while the needles are
in position above the supporting plate and throat plates.
In sewing books by machines it is customary to use together several books in
succession, forming what is called a "bench," the several books being connected by
long threads or bands, and after being separated the end bands of the book are
turned back and interlaced with a portion of the thread or band in the book, this
being possible because of the signatures being loosely connected.
In the patented machine referred to the signatures are so closely joined by the
sewing that the end bands cannot be easily placed between the signatures to be
interlaced, and without the interlacing the outer signature is liable by careless
handling of quantities of books to become loosened or displaced.
In the manufacture by hand of the better class of books it is customary to "tip"
or paste the signatures as they are sewn upon the bands.

page_text: In order to produce by the sewing machine a book which shall have all the
advantages of the best hand made work there is added to the sewing mechanism a
pasting or gumming mechanism to tip or gum each signature consecutively as it is
being sewn, such "tipping" avoiding the necessity of fastening or "kettle-
stitching" the end bands, which is a matter of considerable expense.
Many of the parts of this present machine, such as the pressers, the wire feeding,
and the wire cutting devices, are the same as in the patented machine hereinbefore
referred to.
The table or frame work, presser arm, work supporting plate, connecting rod
for operating the wiro cutting device, connecting rod for operating the wire feeding
devices, needles, throat plates, catches, driven shaft, its worm and the connections
between the presser carrying shaft and the shafts or rods, are all as described and
shown in the said Patent.
The cam shaft has secured to it a hollow hub, upon which is pivoted a pawl
having a lug that by a spring is kept in engagement with one of the notches of a
toothed ratchet fast on a sleeve loose on shaft. A worm toothed pinion is made
fast upon this loose slecvo.
The outer or longer end of the pawl projects through a slot in the hub, and just
at that stago when needles are most elevated and in position to have applied to
them a new signature to be united to the book pile, a dog of an arm projected
from a rock shaft in line with the shaft meets the pawl, throws its longer end
partially within the hub, and releases the ratchet and worm toothed gear, leaving
-the shaft-at-rest while the signature is applied to the needles, the shaft continuing
its movement.
This arm is connected with one end of a torsional spring, the other end of which
is connected with the frame-work-of-the-machino,-and_the_spring acts at all times
to keep-the-arm-and-stop in one_position; but when it is desired to permit the
shaft to again start the arm may be moved to one side to permit the pawl-to-
operate by pulling upon a connected chain, the lower end of which will in practice
be joined with a treadle under the control of the operator.
The shaft has upon it a cam disc having a cam groove that receives a roller or
stud on the needle actuating arm having its centre of motion on point screws held
in the tablo.
The needles are attached to carriers, forked, grooved to embrace a longitudinal
spline, a long bar which extends substantially the length of the machine, and upon
which the carriers (two or more) are adjustably attached by means of clamping
devices as set screws.
The spline and groove prevent side twisting of the carriers on the needle arm,
and by removing the carriers from the bar the needles may be quickly and readily
applied or removed, whereas in the patented machine it is a matter of considerable
trouble to remove and replace a needle or adjust the same laterally, according to
the positions of the saw scarfs in the signatures.
Connected with the needle actuating arm is a bar or rod over which the threads
of the needles extend on their way from the usual thread tension devices and
thrend slacking bar, they being attached to a rocking bar which when the machine
is in regular operation has a lever connected with it then extending upward.
When a book is to be withdrawn all the threads have to be made slack, and to
do this at one operation the lever has only to be turned forward, which lowers the
rod, causing it to act upon and slacken all the threads preparatory to commencing
the sewing of another book.
The shaft has a cam disc at the rear of the disc also connected with the said
shaft.
The cam groove of the cam disc receives a suitable roller or stud connected with
a sector lever, pivoted, which lever with a pinion, oscillating shaft, and arms are
the same as in the Patent referred to, these devices being employed to operato
the folder which acts to carry that half of the signature laid upon a table over
upon the other half, resting on a supporting plate or book pile thereon.

page_text: The folder besides folding the signature, as in the Patent referred to, is also
adapted to apply gum upon or to tip the signatures as they are piled one upon the
other, the gum being supplied from a suitable roller in a gun box, and in this
Specification at times reference will be made to a device which at the proper time
descends upon the folded parts of the signature as a folder, and as a tipping device,
according to the function it performs.
The folder is constructed substantially as shown and described in the said Patent,
but instead of having a fixed lip, it is provided with a lip which is made adjustable,
and of wood or other non metallic substance, it having preferably two longitudinal
ribs to act upon and press down the signatures and also gum them.
One of the ribs or parts first strikes the signature in the act of folding it, and
presses it down, after which in the further descent of the folder one of the ribs
applies gum to the signature, provided it has had gum applied to it by a roller
located in a fountain.
An oscillating shaft having upon it cranks passes through and supports this roller
and partially supports the fountain.
A roller journal beyond the fountain has upon it a ratchet which is engaged by
a pawl on one of the cranks, the said ratchet moving the roller intermittingly for a
greater or less distance according to the position of a pawl controlling shield, which
is a cam shaped ring connected with a base ring, made adjustable by a screw, the
position of the pawl controller with relation to the ratchet against which it rosts
determining the time of the engagement of the pawl with tho said ratchet.
The slower the movement of the roller, the less gum will be held upon its surface
at top where the ridge part of the lip strikes it.
Each time that the device which carries the lip descends in its backward position
it is supplied with gum by contact with a roller, which it applies to the uppermost
signature as the lip descends in its most forward position.
In a modification for thick gum or paste, the folder is provided with a pasto or
guin receptacle, a paste regulating roller to regulate the quantity of paste which
shall pass along through a channel and be delivered at the lip upon the signature,
the said lip in this instance, as in the said Patent, passing over the top of the
throat plate, and descending upon the signature as it is folded over upon the book
pile.
Tho pasto delivering orifice of the lip is very fine, and the paste or equivalent is
readily forced out through it in regulated quantities by the roller which acts as a
rotary forcing pump.
This roller has four moveable bars or wings, those opposite each other being
connected by suitable rods, so that they move radially in opposite directions with
relation to the axis of the roller, as the roller rotating in its normal direction is made
to turn in the curved space in the paste receptacle.
These bars act in succession upon and carry the paste from the receptacle along
the space into a channel or passage way.
The corner of the cover plate serves as a doctor or clearer for the roller, and
within the cover plate is a removable babbit metal or other enduring face, which
may be removed and a new one supplied when necessary.
The passage way divided at suitable intervals by transverse ribs, forming
thereby several independent channels instead of one broad one, in order that the
narrow channels or ways may be filled in with suitable plates or blocks, and prevent
the outward passage of paste when the signatures aro short.
This construction of the pasting apparatus of the folder enables the same pasting
device to be used for the signatures of books of different sizes.
The roller has at one end of it a smooth faced pulley, which is embraced by a
yoke carrying a friction pawl.
This yoke has a nose, which as the folder plate descends in its forward and
backward positions will strike first at one and then at the other side of a suitable
roller which will be placed loosely upon the shaft.

page_text: The disc has a crank pin connected by a link with an arm to impart motion to
the presser arm and its connected parts, as in the said Patent.
In this present machine the presser arm is provided with two open sockets to
embrace two parallel rods.
The presser arms are adjustably clamped to the said rods by a single clamping
screw extended through cars of both the sockets, so that they may be moved
horizontally when necessary, in order to place them in position to properly co-operate
with the needles.
Each presser bar has pivoted upon it a yoke slotted at its outer end to embrace
the rod, the said rod guiding the yoke and permitting it to be moved longitudinally
with the presser.
Connected with this yoke are rods, before described, which are moved
longitudinally at the proper times through another rod, said rods turning the
yokes independently of the movement of the presser about its centre of motion
or pivot.
To prevent the shaft turning after the worm toothed pinion is disengaged from
it, there is applied to the machine an adjustable lever brake controlled by a screw,
the break bearing upon the periphery of the disc.
The back plate, with which the throat plates are adjustably connected, is pivoted,
has lugs at each end in which are secured by set screws rods that extend down
through ears connected with the supporting plate, the said ears in turning having
connected with them tubes which are extended into guides connected with the back
plate at its lower ends, the said rods and tubes forming a telescopic guide to direct
the-plate-in its vertical movement.
The cars of the back plate supporting frame have pointed studs which serve as
bearings for a shaft, which at each side of the machine has an arm provided at its
outer end with a disc.
Each of these discs-receives-a-stud,-upon which_is_placed_preferably a friction
washer, and then there is applied to the said studs the discs forming part of the
arms, that at their upper ends are pivoted to the cars forming part of the supporting
plate.
Each stud is provided with a suitable washer and nut, which may be turned so
as to force together more or less closely the friction dises which constitute the
friction joints, to prevent tho plate descending only the distance through which it
is positively moved by the folder as described acting on a signature, the plate at
that time being held only by the friction joints.
The shaft at one end has an arm provided with a segment or arcal flange, which
flange is engaged and locked by a clamping dog loosely pivotted, and adapted to
turn in the are of a circle less than that of the flange, in order that the dog, by a
very slight movement, may quickly engage or release the said flange.
This dog has at its rear side a stud, which is engaged by one arm of a lever on a
short shaft having a toc, which at each descent of the folder when in forward
position is operated upon by the arm of the rocking shaft, which causes the shaft
to so remove the dog as to release its hold upon the arcal flange, and leave it and
the shaft free to turn, as the supporting plate by the action of the lip of the folder
upon the folded signature is pressed down, the downward movement of the said
plate being more or less, according to the thickness of the signature.
If it is desired to raise or lower the table by hand, the friction dog may be
released by depressing a lever.
The shaft is surrounded by a torsional spring, the tendency of which is to so
move the said shaft that the dog will engage and hold the flauge locked.
By the employment of the clamping dog as described in connection with the
flange, they having different centres of motion, it enables the plate to descend
automatically for just the proper distance with the thinest or thickest signatures,
which could not be done with accuracy were a pawl and ratchet employed.
It is not desired to limit this Invention to the particular sewing mechanism or

page_text: mechanism for connecting the signatures together on a band when combined with
pasting or gumining mechanism, as it will be obvious to one skilled in the art that
any other usual form of the said signature connecting mechanism might be used
instead.
It is preferred that the tipping mechanism forin part of the folder, as that is the
most simple plan known to adapt it to this particular machine, but it is obvious
that the "tipping" mechanism might be made separate from the folding mechanism
and be operated by independent devices, and it is also obvious were folded sheets
or signatures placed one on the other by hand, that they might, by the apparatus
herein described, be "tipped" or gummed, and that the table would be automatically
depressed with the increasing depth of the pile or sheets of signatures.
In such a plan the folder would become only a "tipping device."
When the machine is operated without the "tipping" mechanism, the books as
they are removed from the plate are evened by rapping at the end, but when the
signatures are "tipped" together, it is obvious, should they be uneven at the ends,
that this could not be done, so the back plate is provided with an adjustable end
gauge which is extended up through an elongated slot in the plate, it serving
as the ends of the signatures are drawn toward and against it by the pull of the
band threads to even the signatures.
The gumming roller is prevented from turning backward by a dentent.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
March 1881.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, Patent Agent, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SEWING BOOKS." A communication from
abroad by Edward Stanley Boynton, of Bridgeport, Fairfield, Connecticut, United
States of America.
This Invention of improvements in machinery for sewing books relates to
book sewing machines, and is an improvement on the British Patent, No. 1662,
dated April 25th 1878, to which reference may be had.
This present Invention relates to various improvements in the details of con-
struction, whereby the mechanism described in the said Patent is greatly simplified
and more positive in its operation, and more easily adjusted to different sized
books.
One of the improvements has for its object to arrest the cam-shaft by a clutch,
as hereinafter set forth, whereby its movement is arrested while the needles are in
position above the supporting plate and throat plates.
In sewing books by machine, it is customary to sew together several books in
succession, forming what is called a "bench," the several books being connected by
long threads or bands, and after being separated the end bands of the book are
turned back and interlaced with a portion of the thread or band in the book, this
being possible because of the signatures being loosely connected.
In the patented machine referred to, the signatures are so closely joined by the
sewing that the end bands cannot be easily placed between the signatures to be
interlaced, and without the interlacing the outer signature is liable by carcless
handling of quantities of books to become loosened or displaced.
In the manufacture by hand of the better class of books, it is customary to tip
or paste the signatures as they are sewn upon the bands.
In order to produce by the sewing machine a book which shall have all the
advantages of the best hand made work, there is added to the sewing mechanism, a
pasting or gumming mechanism to tip or gum each signature consecutively as it is
being sewn; such "tipping" avoiding the necessity of fastening or "kettle
stitching" the end bands, which is a matter of considerable expense.
Many of the parts of this present machine, such as the pressers, the wire feeding
and the wire cutting devices, are the same as in the patented machine hereinbefore
referred to, and are not shown in the Drawing,
Figure 1 represents a partial right hand end view of a machine containing the
present improvement; Figure 2, a similar left hand end view; Figure 3, a central
vertical section; Figure 4, a detail of one of the friction joints to sustain and hold
the work supporting plate; Figure 5 is a section on the line y, y, Figure 6; and
Figure 6 is a section on the line,, Figure 5, these two Figures showing the
clutch or stop-mechanisin for the cam-shaft on an enlarged scale; Figure 7, a top
view partly in section of the folder and paster removed from the machine;
Figure 8, a cross section of Figure 7 on line , m; Figure 9, an end view of
Figure 7; Figure 10, an end view of Figure 7, the pinion at its left hand end being
removed; Figure 11, a detail of the ratchet wheel on the paste roller journal;
Figure 12, a modification of the folding and pasting mechanism; Figure 13, a
section thereof on the line x, x²; Figure 14, a section of the paste roller; Figure 15,
details of the pawl for operating the paste roller intermittingly; and Figure 16,
details of the clamping mechanism for the plate D.
The table C or frame work, presser-arm F, work supporting plate D, connecting
rod J for operating the wire cutting device not shown, connecting rod K for

page_text: operating the wire feeding devices not shown, needles i, throat plates a, catches h³,
driven shaft a², its worm 2, and the connections between the presser carrying
shaft and the shafts or rods j, k, are all as described and shown in the said
Patent.
The cam shaft 4 has secured to it (see Figures 1 and 6) a hollow hub b, upon
which is pivotted a pawl o having a lug that by a spring d is kept in engagement
with one of the notches of a toothed ratchet & fast on a sleeve B, loose on the
shaft 4. The worm toothed pinion G is made fast upon this loose sleeve.
The outer or longer end of the pawl c, bevelled as shown, projects through a
slot in the hub b, and just at that stage when needles i are most elevated and in
position to have applied to them a new signature to be united to the book pile, a
dog e of an arm 18 projected from a rock shaft a³ in line with the shaft a meets
the pawl, throws its longer end partially within the hub, and releases the ratchet d
and worm toothed gear, leaving the shaft 4 at rest while the signature is applied
to the needles, the shaft a continuing its movement.
This arm 18 is connected with one end of the torsional spring 17, the other end
of which is connected with the frame work of the machine, and the spring acts at
all times to keep the arm and stop e in the position shown in Figure 1, but when
it is desired to permit the shaft 4 to again start, the arm 18 may be moved to one
side to permit the pawl c to operate by pulling upon the connected chain d², the
lower end of which will, in practice, be joined with a treadle under the control of
the operator.
The shaft 4 has upon it a cam disc P having a cam groove 5, see Figure 3, that
receives a roller or stud R on the needle actuating arm E having its centro of
motion on point screws S held in the table.
The needles i are attached to carriers T, herein shown as forked, grooved at 8
to embrace a longitudinal spline, see Figure 3, on the long bar 9 which extends
substantially, the length of the machine, and upon which the carriers (two or
more) are adjustably attached by means of the clamping devices shown as set
screws 10.
The spline and groove prevent side twisting of the carriers on the needle arm,
and by removing the carriers from the bar g the needles may be quickly and readily
applied or removed, whereas in the patented machine it is a matter of considerable
trouble to remove and replace a needle, or adjust the same laterally according to the
positions of the saw scarfs in the signatures.
Connected with the needle actuating arm E is a bar or rod V, over which the
threads of the needles extend on their way from the usual thread tension devices W
and thread slacking bar X, they being attached to a rocking bar 12, which, when
the machine is in regular operation, stands as in Figure 3, the lever 13 see
(Figure 1) connected with it then extending upward.
When a book is to be withdrawn all the threads have to be made slack, and to
do this at one operation the lever 13 has only to be turned forward which lowers
the rod X, causing it to act upon and slacken all the threads preparatory to
commencing the sewing of another book.
The shaft 4 has a cam disc 14, see Figure 2, at the rear of the disc 15 also
connected with the said shaft.
The cam groove 10 of the cam disc 14, shaped as shown partially in dotted lines,
receives a suitable roller or stud connected with the sector lever N, pivotted at 19,
which lever with the pinion o, oscillating shaft M, and arms b³ (see Figures 9 and
16) are the same as in the Patent referred to, these devices being employed to
operate the folder L, which acts to carry that half of the signature laid upon
table C over upon the other half resting on the supporting plate D or book pile
thereon.
The folder L, as herein shown, besides folding the signature, as in the Patent
referred to, is also adapted to apply gum upon or to tip the signatures as they are
piled one upon the other, the gum being supplied from a suitable roller in a gum box,
and in this Specification at times reference will be made to the device L, which,

page_text: at the proper times descends upon the folded parts of the signature as a folder and
as a tipping device, according to the function it performs.
The folder L is constructed substantially as shown and described in the said
Patent, but instead of having a fixed lip it is provided with lip d³, which is
preferably inade adjustable and of wood or other non metallic substance, it having
preferably two longitudinal ribs 40, 41, to act upon and press down the signatures
and also gum them.
The rib or part 41 first strikes the signature in the act of folding it, and presses
it down, after which, in the further descent of the folder, the rib 40 applies gum
to the signature, provided it has had gum applied to it by the roller 42 located in
the fountain 43.
The oscillating shaft M, having upon it the cranks 63, passes through and
supports this roller, and partially supports the fountain.
The roller journal beyond the fountain, at the left of Figure 7, has upon it a
ratchet 44, which is engaged by the pawl 45 on one of the cranks 6³, the said
ratchet moving the roller intermittingly for a greater or less distance according to
the position of the pawl controlling shield 46, which is herein shown as a cain
shaped ring connected with a base ring 47, made adjustable by the screw 48, the
position of the pawl controller with relation to the ratchet against which it rests
determining the time of the engagement of the pawl with the said ratchet.
The slower the movement of the roller the less gum will be held upon its surface
at top where the ridge part 41 of the lip strikes it.
- Each time that-the device-which-carries the lip descends. in.its. backward position,
as in Figures 7 and 8, it is supplied with gum by contact with the roller 42,
which it applies to the uppermost signature as the lip descends in its most forward
position.
In Figures
12-to-15,a-modification-is-shown-of-the-folding-and-tipping
more especially adapted for thick gum or paste.
mechanism
In the said modification the folder is provided with a paste or gum receptacle f,
a paste regulating roller g, to regulate the quantity of paste which shall pass along
through the channel h, and be delivered at the lip ³ upon the signature, the said
lip in this instance, as in the said Patent, passing over the top of the throat plate a,
and descending upon the signature as it is folded over upon the book pile.
The paste delivering orifice of the lip d³ is very fine, and the paste or equivalent
is readily forced out through it in regulated quantities by the roller g, which acts
as a rotary forcing pump.
This roller has four moveable bars or wings 20, 21, 22, and 23, those opposite
each other being connected together by suitable rods 24, so that they move radially
in opposite directions with relation to the axis of the roller g as the roller rotating
in the direction of the arrow near it is made to turn in the curved space in the
paste receptacle f.
These bars act in succession upon and carry the paste from the receptacle ƒ
along the space 25 into the channel h.
The corner 27 (see Figure 13) of the cover plate 26 serves as a doctor or clearer
for the roller g, and within the cover plate is a removeable babbit metal or
other enduring face 28, which may be removed and a new one supplied when
necessary.
The passage way h (see Figure 13) is divided at suitable intervals by transverse
ribs 29, forming thereby several independent channels instead of one broad one,
in order that the narrow channels or ways may be filled in with suitable plates
or blocks, and prevent the outward passage of paste when the signatures are
short.
This construction of the pasting apparatus of the folder enables the same pasting
device to be used for the signatures of books of different sizes.
The roller g has at one end of it a smooth faced pulley 30 (see Figure 15), which
is embraced by a yoke 31, carrying a friction pawl 32.
This yoke has a nose 33, which, as the folder-plate descends in its forward and

page_text: backward positions, will strike first at one and then at the other side of a suitable
roller, which will be placed loosely upon the shaft M.
The disc 15 has a crank pin 35 connected by a link 7 with the arm 37 to impart
notion to the presser arm P and its connected parts 38, and 12, J, K, J, as in the
said Patent.
In this present machine the presser arm is provided with two open sockets 37, 49,
(see Figure 3), to embrace two parallel rods 50, 51.
The presser arms P are adjustably clamped to the said rods 50, 51, by a single
clamping screw 52 extended through ears of both the sockets, so that they may be
moved horizontally when necessary, in order to place them in position to properly
co operate with the needles.
Each presser bar has pivoted upon it a yoke 53 slotted at its outer end to
embrace the rod 73, the said rod guiding the yoke and permitting it to be moved
longitudinally with the presser.
Connected with this yoke are the rods J, K, before described, which are moved
longitudinally at the proper times through the rod 7", said rods turning the
yokes 53 independently of the movement of the presser F about its contro of motion
or pivot.
To prevent the shaft 4 turning after the worm toothed pinion is disengaged from
it, there is applied to the machine an adjustable lever brako 54 controlled by a
screw 55 (see Figure 2), the break bearing upon the periphery of the disc 14.
The back plate with which the throat plates a aro adjustably connected is
pivotted at 1, has lugs m at each end in which are secured by set screws 56, rods n,
that extend down through cars 57 connected with tho supporting plate D, the said
ears in turn having connected with them tubes 58, which are extended into
guides 59 connected with the back-plate at its lower ends, the said rods n and
tubes 58 forming a telescopic guide to direct the plate D in its vertical movement.
The cars 60 of the back plate supporting-frame have pointed studs 61, which
serve as bearings for a shaft 62, which at each side of the machine has an arm 63
provided at its outer end with a disc 64.
Each of these discs receives a stud 65 upon which
washer 66, and then there is applied to the said
of the arms 68, that at their upper ends, as at
forming part of the supporting plate D.
.
placed, preferably, a friction
studs the discs 67 forming part
69, are pivoted to the ears 57
Each stud 65 is provided with a suitable washer 70 and nut 71, which may be
turned so as to force together more or less closely the friction discs 64 and 67,
which constitute the friction joints to prevent the plate D descending only the
distance through which it is positively moved by the folder, as described, acting on
a signature, the plate D at that time being held only by the friction joints.
The shaft 62 at one end has an arm 72 provided with a segment or arcal
flange 73, which flange is engaged and locked by a clamping dog 74 loosely
pivotted at 75, and adapted to turn in the arc of a circle less than that of the
Range 78, in order that the dog by a very slight movement may quickly engage or
release the said flange.
This dog 74 has at its rear side a stud 76, which is engaged by one arm of a
lever 77 on a short shaft 78 having a toe 79, which at each descent of the folder L
when in forward position is operated upon by the arm 63 of the rocking shaft M,
which causes the shaft 78 to so move the dog 74 as to release its hold upon the arcal
flange 73, and leave it and the shaft 62 free to turn as the supporting plate D by
the action of the lip of the folder upon the folded signature is pressed down, the
downward movement of the said plate D being more or less according to the
thickness of the signature.
If it is desired to raise or lower the table by hand, the friction dog 74 may be
released by depressing the lever 77.
The shaft 78 is surrounded by a torsional spring 80, shown in Figures 2 and 16,
the tendency of which is to so move the said shaft that the dog 74 will engage and
hold the flange 73 locked.

page_text: By the employment of the clamping dog, as described in connection with the
flange 73, they having different centres of motion, it enables the plate D to descend
automatically for just the proper distance with the the thinnest or thickest signatures,
which could not be done with accuracy were a pawl and ratchet employed.
It is not desired to limit this Invention to the particular sewing mechanism, or
mechanism for connecting the signatures together on a band when combined with
pasting or gumming mechanism, as it will be obvious to one skilled in the art that
any other usual form of the said signature connecting mechanism might be used
instead.
It is preferred that the tipping mechanism form part of the folder, as that is the
most simple plan known to adapt it to this particular machine; but it is obvious
that the "tipping" mechanism might be made separate from the folding mechanism,
and be operated by independent devices; and it is also obvious, were folded
signatures placed one on the other by hand, that they might by the apparatus
herein described be "tipped" or gummed, and that the table would be automatically
depressed with the increasing depth of the pile or sheets of signatures.
In such a plan the folder would become only a "tipping device."
When the machine is operated without the tipping mechanism, the books as
they are removed from the plate D are evened by rapping at the end; but when
the signatures are tipped together, it is obvious, should it be uneven at the
ends that this could not be done, so the back plate is provided with an adjustable
end gauge 82, which is extended upward through an elongated slot in the plate D,
it serving as the ends of the signatures are drawn toward and against it by the
pull of the band threads to even the signatures.
The gumming roller is prevented from turning backward by the detent 83.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said-Invention,
and the manner of carrying the game-into effect,-I-would-have-it-understood that
what I claim is,-
1st. In a book sewing machine, the moveable work supporting plate, the throat
plates, the needles, needle carriers, needle arm, the shaft 4, and cam thereon to
inove it, the hub and pawl connected with the said shaft, the ratchet and gear
loose thereon, and the moveable arm to meet and disengage the said pawl from the
said ratchet at the proper time to free the gear and stop the needles in position to
receive the signatures, all substantially as described.
2nd. The shaft 62, the connected arcal flange, and the dog to lock and release it
at the proper time, and the armis 63 combined with the work supporting plate, the
folder, and the arms 68 connected with the work supporting plate, and with the
arm 63 by means of the friction joints, to operate substantially as described.
3rd. The work supporting plate, and back plate, and their telescopic connecting
rods n and 58, substantially as described.
4th. The shaft 62, its connected segmental or arcal flange 73, and arms 63, and
the plate D, and its arms 68 to connect it with the arms 63, combined with the
clamping dog to grasp the said flange, and hold the plate D fixed in position, or to
release the flange and permit the said plate to be lowered, as described.
5th. In a book sewing machine, the presser carrying arms F provided with the two
sockets, and the two rods 50, 51, combined with the set screw to clamp the arm in
adjusted position upon the said rods, substantially as described.
Gth. The combination with the presser arm and rod of the yoke 53 pivotted
upon the presser arm, adjustable therewith, and made to co-operate with the rod ³
from which it receives its motion, substantially as described.
7th. In a book sewing machine, the needles and their actuating devices, the
bar V, and the thread tension devices, combined with the thread slacking bar to
operate simultaneously on all the threads to permit the threads to be drawn from
the needles, to separate one book already sewed from another to be sewed without
severing the said threads, substantially as described.
Sth. In a machine for uniting together the signatures of books, tipping or
gumming mechanism to paste or gum only the uppermost sheet at its upper side,

page_text: as the said signatures are otherwise positively united or connected one with tho
other, substantially as set forth.
9th. In a machine for uniting the signatures of books, a work support, and a
folder provided with a lip combined with means, substantially as described, to
supply the lip with paste or gum to bo applied to the signatures, substantially
as set forth.
10th. In a machine for uniting the signatures of books, a movable work support
for the signatures combined with the lip d³, and mechanism to move it, and with
the gum fountain to furnish gum for the said lip, the latter applying it to the
signatures as they are being united together, substantially as described.
11th. In a machine for uniting the signatures of books, a moveable work support
and means, substantially as described, to release and lock it at the proper times to
permit the said support to be lowered as the signatures accumulate in thickness,
combined with the lip and mechanism to move it to apply paste to the signatures,
substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.