Substances from Air.
Year: 1887

page_text: Substances from Air.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltino, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of dust collectors which are employed in flour
mills planing mills and other industrial establishments for separating flour-dust,
shavings, saw-dust and other solid particles from the air currents by which they are
carried along or in which they are suspended.
.
The object of this invention is to produce a simple and efficient dust collector.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the improved dust collector.
Figure 2 is a vertical cross section of the same.
Figure 3 is a top plan view with part of the casing broken away.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section on line x, x figure 2.
Figure 5 is a vertical cross section drawn to a reduced scale showing a slightly
modified construction of the machine.
Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.
A represents a suction fan whereby the air current is created which carries off the
dust, shavings or other solid particles from the machine or apparatus in which they
are produced or liberated.
a represents the horizontal shaft on which are mounted the fan blades a¹. 6 repre-
sents the casing of the fan, and 6' the eye formed in one end of the casing concentric
with the shaft and through which the air current is drawn into the casing. 001 02 0³
represent a series of dust separating compartments or chambers arranged side by side

page_text: and communicating with each other by air passages or spouts c, c², c², c³ arranged in
the upper portions of the compartments. The compartiment C is contiguous to the
fan A and is provided with an opening d which coincides with the eye of the fan,
whereby the compartment C is placed in communication with the fan. D represents a
core or deflector of cylindrical or other suitable form arranged horizontally and
extending through the several compartments 0, 0, 02. The core D is cut away on
its underside in the compartment C as shown at e, so as not to obstruct the oye of
the fan.
Each of the compartments C, C1, C2 is bounded by an upper semi cylindrical cover E
arranged concentrically with the core D, vertical side walls F and inclined lower
walls G forming hopper-shaped enlargements or pockets g, g', ' in the several
compartments below the core. H represents a screw conveyor, and hits trough
arranged lengthwise underneath the enlargements g, g', g² for removing the material
which is deposited in the same. I represents the compartment which is furthest
removed from the fan and which is provided with an inlet for the dust laden air. As
shown in the drawing the dust inlet of this compartment is arranged at its lower end
which opens downwardly and which may be directly connected with the air escape
spout of a middlings purifier, or other similar machine from which the dust is removed.
In this case the fan A may perform the function of the fan usually provided in a
middlings purifier.
The fan shaft a may extend through the core D, as shown, in which case it is
journaled in bearings J, J' secured to the ends of the inachine. The shaft of the screw
conveyor H may be driven from the fan shaft by an endless chain or belt / running
around sprocket wheels or pulleys L, L' on the respective shafts.
The dust laden air current enters the compartment I through the opening i, ascends
in the compartment and passes through the passage c into the compartment Co. In
this compartment the air current moves with a whirling motion around the core 1)
and finally escapes through the passage c into the next compartment C in which the
operation is repeated, and so on through the series of compartments. As the air
current is an induced current created by suction, it tends to take the shortest courso
to the fan by which the suction is created and hugs the core D closely in whirling in
the compartiments. The solid particles move toward the circumference of the whirling
air current in each compartment and enter the pockets or enlargements below the
core in which the air is in a state of comparative rest. In this manner the suction
created by the fan counteracts the tendency of the whirling motion to drive the air
particles toward the walls of the compartiments and imparts to the air particles a
tendency to seek the innermost layer of the whirling air current, while the tendency
of the solid particles is to seek the outermost layer thereof. The different directions
thus imparted to the air particles and the solid particles effect quickly a separation of
the dust from the air. The heaviest particles are separated in the compartment
furthest from the fan in which the air current is first subjected to this separating
action. The gravity of the separated particles decreases gradually as the compart-
ments approach the fan. Several grades of the separated material may be separately
discharged from the machine by slides m with which the conveyer trough is provided,
or the several grades may be commingled by the conveyer and discharged together,
as may be preferred.
The air passages c, c¹, which connect successive compartiments are preferably
inclined in order to break the air current as little as possible. The lower wall or
bottom of each passage extends across the compartment into which it leads, as
represented in figures 2 and 4, whereby the air current is compelled to move through
the successive compartments in a spiral or winding course.
The form of the core D is immaterial as it forms merely the inner wall of the
passage through which the air current is drawn. For instance, it may be constructed
with upright sides, as represented in figure 5, and that part of the compartment
through which the air current descends in passing around the core may be enlarged
or made cccentric with the core, as shown in the same figure, to facilitate the
separation of the solid material from the air.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by my
foreign Correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. In a dust collector, the combination with a series of communicating
separating chambers arranged side by side, of a coro extending through said
chambers at unequal distances from the enclosing walls of said chambers, whereby
enlargements are formed in said chambers on one side of the core, in which enlarge-
ments the air current is weakened, thereby permitting the solid particles to pass out
of the air current, substantially as set forth."
Second. In a dust collector, the combination with a suction fan, of a series of
communicating separating chambers arranged side by side and connected with the
eye of the fan, and a core extending through said chambers, the latter being
constructed on one side of the core with enlargements through which the air current
passes and in which the solid matter is deposited, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 27th day of Santember 1807
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.