Improvements in Apparatus for Controlling the Pattern Surface of Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 28th June, 1900-Accepted, 1st Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Controlling the Pattern Surface of
Looms for Weaving.
I, DANIEL MUNSON SEATON, of Soho Mills, Thornton Road, in the City of
Bradford, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object the combination of certain mechanism
by which the reduction of the number of cards, pegs, and the like forming the
pattern surface may be obtained, by controlling the said surface in such a
manner that, it may remain stationary for any predetermined number of picks
of the shuttle before a change takes place, then to automatically change the
position of the pattern surface and weave another predetermined number of
picks, after which for the apparatus to automatically return and move the pattern
surface to its original position for repeating the pattern without stopping the
loom or otherwise requiring the attention of the attendant.
In carrying out my invention I mount upon a suitable frame a number of
ratchet wheels, some of the teeth are cut to a depth different to the rest, and in
connection with each series of ratchet wheels are corresponding and recipro-
cating pawls, some of which are connected together and so operated that the
pawls actuate at least one of the ratchet wheels of a series at each reciprocation,
the other pawls actuating their respective ratchet wheels when allowed to come
into contact therewith by the position of the teeth in what I term the preceeding
wheel.
Each ratchet wheel is provided with what I term a retaining pawl for keeping
the wheel in the required position, and when the predetermined number of
reciprocations or picks have been made, an adjustable pin on one of the series
of ratchet wheels raises a lever which liberates a knock off bar allowing the same
to slide a certain distance, then after another predetermined number of picks
have been made another of the retaining pawls is raised, thus allowing the
Knock off bar to be moved again in the same direction; this operation. is
repeated throughout the series until the number of picks have been made, when
the knock off bar is finally released allowing a change in the pattern surface
to be effected.
The pawls of this series of ratchet wheels are then held clear of the ratchet
wheels, which are then allowed to return to their normal position.
After the change in the position of the pattern surface, another predetermined
number of picks are made by a second series of ratchet wheels and pawls of
similar construction, and another knock off bar liberated, this bar being con-
nected to another bar which for distinction I call the cam bar provided with a
number of pins projecting from same, one of which engages with a fixed cam path.
When the last mentioned knock off bar is liberated, one end of the cam bar is

page_text: allowed to descend into such position that, pins projecting from the said bar
engage with a worm rotated a distance at each pick of the loom which carries
the knock off bars to their original position, when the operation is repeated auto-
matically.
Dated this 29th day of September 1899.
Improvements in Apparatus for Controlling the Pattern Surface of
Looms for Weaving.
I, DANIEL MUNSON SEATON, of Soho Mills, Thornton Road, in the City of
Bradford, Machinist; do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates more particularly to controlling the pattern surface
mechanism such as is shown and described in my British Specification No. 21,298
of 1898, and has for its object the combination of certain mechanism by which
the reduction in the number of pegs or pattern links forming the pattern surface
of the cloth being woven may be obtained, by controlling the operation of the
said surface in such a manner that, the surface may remain stationary for
any predetermined number of picks of the shuttle before a change in the pattern
surface takes place, then to allow the position of the pattern surface to be auto-
matically changed and weave another predetermined number of picks; after
which, for the apparatus to automatically return and allow the chain of the
pattern surface to be operated for repeating the pattern without stopping the
loom or otherwise requiring the attention of the attendant.
In describing my invention in detail, reference is made to the accompanying
drawings in which,
Fig. 1, represents a front elevation of a pattern surface controlling machine
arranged in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 2, is a plan of the same.
Fig 3, is a section through line a, b.
Fig. 4, is an end elevation of the machine.
Fig. 5, is a detached detailed view of a cam plate forming part of the machine.
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are detached detailed elevations of the knock off bars of the
machine hereinafter more fully described.
The detached details are drawn to an enlarged scale, and in all the figures
similar letters indicate similar parts.
My pattern surface controlling mechanism may be fixed in any suitable
position near to the chain pattern surface, such as is described in the before
mentioned specification, and is supported by a base plate and standards A, A,
upon which are mounted a number of ratchet wheels; in the drawing I have
shown two sets 1, 2, 3, 4, and '5, 6, 7, 8. All the ratchet wheels are mounted
free on the shaft B, extending the length of the machine, and each ratchet
wheel has by preference ten teeth, and in describing my invention I will first
confine myself to the first section of the machine containing the ratchet wheels 1.
2, 3, and 4.
Ratchet wheel 1, is what I term the units wheel, 2 the tens. 3 the hundreds,

page_text: and 4 the thousands, one tooth space in each ratchet wheel 1, 2, and 3, is cut
deeper than the rest, so that for example, on every tenth pick of the units ratchet
wheel 1 by the pawl C₁, engaging therewith, the said pawl drops into the deep
cut tooth space of the units wheel 1, allowing the next pawl C2, that is the tens
pawl, to engage and operate the ratchet wheel 2, a distance equal to one tooth,
the said tens ratchet wheel is then held stationary by its retaining pawl 12,
until the deep cut space in the units wheel 1, again presents itself, when the
pawl C, of the tens ratchet wheel 2, is again allowed to engage with and operate
the ratchet wheel 2, which on its tenth operation the deep cut tooth spaces, of
units and tens ratchet wheels 1, and 2, will be opposite each other, thus allowing
the units and tens pawls C and C2 to drop deeper, so that the third pawl C³,
can engage with the hundreds ratchet wheel 3, and operate said wheel a
distance equal to one tooth; and should the pattern surface require a complete
revolution of the hundreds ratchet wheel 3, to be made, then on the deep cut
tooth spaces of the ratchet wheels 1, 2, and 3, presenting themselves together,
opposite to the respective pawls, the fourth pawl C, is allowed to engage with
the thousands ratchet wheel 4, when the operation is again repeated until a
change in the pattern surface is required, each ratchet wheel being held in the
required position during the retreat of the pawls by the respective retaining
pawls D1, D2, D3, and D.
The pawls C1, C2, C3, and C, are attached by bar S, and mounted free on the
reciprocating shaft E, operated by the lever E, attached to any convenient and
suitable operative portion of the loom, the said shaft E, being carried by arms F,
supported by the ends of shaft B, and the pawls are so adjusted on the recipro-
cating shaft E, that when the pawl C₁ is engaging with what I term the shallow
cut spaces of the teeth of ratchet wheel 1, the pawl C2, is held just clear of the
points of the teeth of ratchet wheel 2, but when the deep cut tooth space of
ratchet wheel 1, presents itself to the pawl C¹, it drops deeper, allowing pawl C³,
to engage with ratchet wheel 2, and when the ratchet wheel 2, has made a
complete revolution, both pawls C1 and C2, drop into the respective deep.cut
tooth spaces allowing the pawl C³, to engage with and operate ratchet wheel 3,
a distance equal to one tooth each time the deep cut tooth spaces of ratchet
wheels 1 and 2, simultaneously appear opposite to the respective pawls C and C²,
the operation is repeated throughout the whole series of the four ratchet wheels
should the number of picks in the pattern require same; but in order to limit
the number of picks and effect a change in the pattern surface, I combine with
the ratchet wheels certain mechanism as hereinafter described.
When the portion of my invention before described is in operation, the chain
pattern surface described in the before recited specification may repeat itself as
often as required and weave stripes of different coloured or quality of yarn but
when the predetermined number of picks have been made this portion of the
apparatus is rendered inoperative, and by the second series of ratchet wheels I
am enabled to weave a length of plain cloth without variation in pattern.
In order to weave a predetermined number of picks each ratchet wheel has
a hole R, bored in the side face of same for the reception of a pin P; and suppose
for example the striped pattern portion of the cloth requires two thousand four
hundred and sixty eight picks to repeat itself the predetermined number of
times, I place a pin P in the hole of ratchet wheel 4 representing two thousand,
and pins P in the other ratchet wheels in the required positions for representing
six hundred in ratchet wheel 3, sixty in ratchet wheel 2, and eight in ratchet
wheel 1, so that when two thousand picks have been made, the pin P in ratchet
wheel 4 will raise one end of lever G fulcrumed on shaft 7, the opposite end
of the lever descending a distance so that it is clear of the notch J, in knock off
har K, thus allowing the spiral spring L attached to the said bar and to a
rigid support to contract, and move the knock off bar K a distance in the direction
of the arrow until the motion is stopped by the side of the next
notch Ja coming in contact with the side of lever G³ by which the

page_text: knock off bar K is retained until the next four hundred picks are made, when
the pin P in ratchet wheel 3 will raise the lever G³ a distance for liberating
the knock off bar K, which is again moved in the direction of the arrow by
the contraction of the before mentioned spiral spring until stopped by the notch Ja
coming in contact with the lever G2 and when sixty more picks have been made,
the pin P in ratchet wheel 2 will raise lever G2 a distance so that the opposite
end of lever is clear of the notch J3, thus allowing the before mentioned knock
off bar K to be further moved by the contraction of the spiral spring L, and
when the remaining eight picks have been made lever G is raised, and the
knock off bar K again operated in the same direction by the contraction of the
spiral spring L.
As the levers G4, G³, G2, and G', are operated in the manner described, the
respective retaining pawls D4, D3, D2, and D, are moved clear of the ratchet
wheels, so that they are rendered non-effective, all the deep cut spaces in the
ratchet wheels 1, 2, 3, and 4 will then be in the position shown by Fig. 3, and in
order to keep the pawls C¹ to C4 clear of the ratchet wheels 1 to 4 when the
two thousand four hundred and sixty eight picks have been made, the series of
pawls C¹, to C, are raised by the pin P₁, in lever G¹, raising the arm P³, secured
to pawl C, thus raising all the pawls of this series clear of the ratchet wheels,
where they are retained by the end of lever G', engaging with the projection
between the notches J¹, and J2, when the weaving of the varied striped pattern
is stopped.
The reciprocation of the pawls C, to C8, in the second portion of the apparatus
is continued, the pins P in the face of the ratchet wheels 5 to 8, having been
placed in positions enumerating the total number of picks in the varied striped
portion and plain portion of the cloth, thus if there be six thousand and twenty
picks required to complete the striped and plain portion of the pattern then the
pins P in ratchet wheels 5 to 8 are so set, that is to six thousand and twenty, less
the number hereinafter referred to, the pawls C, to C8, continuing to act on
the ratchet wheels, 5 to 8, in the manner as herein before described in reference
to the first series of pawls and ratchet wheels, leaving three thousand five
hundred and fifty two picks of plain to be woven, or that number of additional
reciprocations of the pawls C, to C, to be made less the number hereinafter
referred to.
When the levers D5, D6, D7, and D8, have been raised and cleared of the
notches Jo, in knock off bar K2, by the pins P in the respective ratchet wheels 5,
6, 7, and 8, the ratchet wheels are liberated and free to be moved to the position
shown by Fig. 3, effected by the gravity of the weight W, attached to each ratchet
wheel.
When knock off bar K, has been allowed to move in the direction of the
arrow to its full extent, the pawl in connection with the pattern surface is
raised clear of the ratchet wheel or wheels by any convenient device such as by
extending and forming the end of knock off bar K, with an inclined surface as
at K¹, which as will be readily understood, on sliding under the pawl of the
pattern surface, will raise same clear of the ratchet wheel or wheels, and thus
allow the pattern surface to remain stationary until the pawl is again allowed to
come in contact with the ratchet wheel or wheels of the pattern surface.
When the length of cloth in which different colors or qualities of yarn are
inserted is completed, and it is now required to weave a length of cloth with a
plain weave, that is, all one pattern, this is accomplished in the following
manner, the pawls C, to C, having been raised clear of the ratchet wheels in the
manner as hereinbefore described.
The bar M is secured to the standards A and notched at N which act as guides
and supports for the ends of the respective levers G¹, to Gs, and behind the guide
bar M is another knock off bar K2, which is moved in the direction of arrow 1, on
the raising of levers G³, G, G7, and G8, by the pins P of the ratchet wheels 5, 6,
7, and 8 respectively, the operation of the ratchet wheels 5 to 8, retaining

page_text: pawls D³ to D8, and levers G to G8, is the same as the series before described,
one portion being a duplication of the other.
The knock off bar K2 is connected by a rod R¹ to a bar S, extending the
length of the machine, and projecting from one side of the said bar is a pin St
engaging in the groove of cam plate T, the pin S travels in the horizontal
grooved path T of the cam plate, when the knock off bar K2 is moving in the
direction of the arrow 1, and when the pin S arrives at the end of the horizontal
path T, by the gravity of the end of bar Se, the pin S¹ descends down the vertical
grooved path T, and in its descent forces back the dog U, held in the position
shown by the spring U¹.
Upon the descent of end of bar S a projecting pin S², on the opposite side of
the bar engages immediately with the spiral groove S, of circular cam plate S4,
or when the cam plate gets into the right position for the spiral groove $3, to
receive the said pin; the cam S, being rotated a certain distance on each recipro-
cation of the shaft E in the following manner.
Mounted on the shaft E is a pawl V, engaging with a ratchet wheel V, secured
to the circular cam S, by which the cam is rotated on the reciprocation of the
pawl V, so that the bar S6, is propelled backwards, that is to say, in the
opposite direction to that of the arrows, the projecting pin S¹, is raised above the
same, assumes the position shown by Fig. 5, a projection S³, on circular cam S',
raising the end bar S, a distance so that the pin S2, is clear of the spiral
groove S, and the knock off bars K and K2, return to their original position, the
bar K being forced back by an arm X secured to bar S, on coming in contact with
bar K, attached to the knockoff bar K, and the bar K³, by the connection R'
between the bar S and K².
On the movement of the knock off bars K and K to their original position,
the pawls C to C8 are raised clear of the ratchet wheels 5 to 8, by a pin P
in lever G, and there retained in the same manner as the pawls C¹ to C; and
during the movement of the said knock off bars by the engagement of the pin S³,
with the spiral groove S³, the loom will make five picks, this number is to be
deducted from the six thousand and twenty, by setting the pin P to six thousand
and fifteen in the ratchet wheels 5 to 8.
It will be obvious that the number of picks put into the plain portion of the
cloth, may vary a few picks in each length woven, the variation depending on the
position of the spiral groove $3, of circular cam S for receiving the projecting
pin S2, when the end of bar S6 is allowed to descend the vertical grooved
path T2 so that the number of picks put into the striped and plain portions of
the cloth, may be exactly six thousand and twenty, or there may be a few picks
more, ranging from one to five, the number of additional picks depending
entirely on the position of the cam groove S3, in relation to the projecting pin S
when the latter is allowed to descend the vertical grooved path T2.
On the movement of the knock off bars K and K² to their original position,
the inclined surface K' is withdrawn from the pattern surface pawl, thus allowing
the same to come into operation with the ratchet wheel when the operation is
repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I claini
is:-
1. Mechanism comprising a series of ratchet wheels with operating pawls,
retaining pawls with levers fulcrumed on the same axis, combined with a knock
off bar K and spring L, arranged and operated substantially in the manner
and for the purpose as herein before set forth.
2. Mechanism comprised in the above claim combined with a second series
of ratchet wheels, operating pawls retaining pawls with levers fulcrumed on
the same axis, knock off bar K2 and spring arranged and operated substantially
in the manner and for the purpose as hereinbefore set forth.

page_text: 3. Mechanism comprising ratchet wheels, operating pawls with levers
fulcrumed on the same axis, knock off bars K and K2, and bar S6 combined with
cam plate and circular cam S, arranged and operated substantially in the
manner and for the purpose as hereinbefore set forth.
Total this 27th day of June 1900.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent, Sunbridge Chambers, Bradford.