IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING STONES, MINERALS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
00, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING STONES,
MINERALS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES."-A communication from
Léon Busquet, of Paris, Civil Engineer.
ՆՈ
ane, in Ե
Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING STONES,
MINERALS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES."-A communication from
Léon Busquet, of Paris, Civil Engineer.
Sealed the 2nd August 1858, and dated the 8th February 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th February 1858.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for. "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING
STONES, MINERALS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention of improved machinery for breaking stones, minerals, and
other analogous substances, relates, first, to a novel mode of. arranging and
working the hammer, whereby the substances are broken; and, secondly, to
the mode of supplying the substance or material to be operated upon to the
hammer.
In the simplest form. of apparatus only. one hammer is intended to be
employed, but if desired, several hammers. may be combined in one and the
same machine, and all made to act in a similar manner. The hammer,

page_text: supposing one to be used, is mounted upon an axle which turns in suitable
bearings, and is provided with a spring or springs, which raise the hammer
immediately it has struck the substance to be operated upon. The blow of
the hammer is produced by means of a cam or other analogous contrivance,
which will operate upon and force down the hammer with a smart blow at the
proper time. The substance or material to be broken is placed in a large
hopper, which communicates at bottom with a horizontal or slightly inclined
channel, in which works an archimedean or endless screw, whereby the
material is carried forward to the anvil which is placed at the bottom of a
kind of hopper or bowl-shaped recess provided with holes or openings, through
which the small pieces of the substance pass as they are detached or knocked
off by the hammer.
The reduced material may be received in sieves or screens, whereby the
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 7th August 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said
William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BREAKING STONES,
MINERALS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES," a communication from Leon
Busquet, of Paris, Civil Engineer, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
-

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the.
following statement:-
The Invention consists in an improved apparatus for breaking stones,.
minerals, and other analogous substances, which apparatus is provided with
a suitable spring, acting in such manner on the crushing hammer as to allow
of working the said hammer by means of a rotary motion obtained from any
suitable prime mover, the feeding of the apparatus taking place also in a
continuous manner. In the annexed Drawings are represented various views
of the apparatus on the scale of about 6th of working size.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal sectional view taken over the axial line of
the mortar; Fig. 2 shows a plan view; Fig. 3, a cross sectional view, taken,
between the mortar and the hopper; and Fig. 4, another cross sectional view
of the apparatus taken over the tube by which the materials are carried to the.
mortar. In these various Figures corresponding parts are indicated by the
same letters of reference.
The hammer A, serving for breaking the materials thrown in the mortar B,
is formed with face and helve out of one solid piece of iron; the hind end of
the helve is forked and connected to a disc C, the centre of which is provided
with a short arbor a turning on both ends in suitable bearings in two standards
of the frame D. The hammer oscillates up and down round this axis a in
order to fall down on the materials in the mortar B, and is lifted up by the
effect of a spring F fixed to the bench E; this spring F resembles a large
carriage spring, and has both ends connected by means of chains b, b, to
proper hooks fixed in the periphery of the disc C. In the state of rest the
resistance of the spring must be so as to keep the hammer in a suitable
elevated position, as represented, for instance, in Fig. 1, so that on the moment
a cam or tappet G in revolving strikes against the upper part of the helve of
the hammer A, this hammer will be caused to act with its head on the
materials contained in the mortar B, whereas, on the moment the tappet G
leaves the helve the hammer will rise again by the action of the spring F,
which will offer also the advantage that the stones or other materials will not
be crushed or reduced to powder but only broken to the size required. On
the two standards D are also fixed the bearings for another arbor e situated

page_text: above the helve of the hammer, and on which arbor are keyed the tappet G
and the cone pulley H, which latter is connected by means of a stop
with
a similar pulley H' fixed on a main shaft d, receiving motion from any suitable
prime mover; the arbor e of the cam or tappet G may also be provided with
a proper fly wheel, or the weight of the cone pulley H may be regulated so as
to serve instead of this fly wheel. The arbors e and d thus transmitting
themselves mutually their motion, the cam G will at each revolution act on
the helve of the hammer A, thereby throwing this latter on the materials
in the mortar B, the relative position and dimensions of the various parts of
the apparatus being calculated in such manner that the impulse given at each.
time to the hammer is sufficient for the proper breaking of the materials, the
elasticity of the spring F causing the hammer immediately afterwards to
resume its elevated position; the transmission of the motion to the hammer
might, however, be considerably altered without departing from the principle
of action just described. A stretching roller I serves for stretching more or
less the strap connecting the cone pulleys H and H¹, thereby, if required,
causing the pulley H to remain free, thus preventing the revolution of the
arbor e and cam G, and causing the hammer A to remain at rest without
stopping the motion of the main shaft d; this stretching roller I is worked by
means of the bell-crank lever p. Before the mortar B is situated a hopper J,
in which are thrown the stones or other materials to be broken, and which
materials are carried to the mortar by means of an archimedean screw L
working in the interior of a tube K, which screw L receives motion by means
of a strap h laid over the pulley g keyed on the arbore, and over the pulley i,
which latter is fixed to one end of the arbor ; turning in proper bearings,
which arbor is provided with a mitre wheel / acting on a similar wheel k¹
keyed to the shaft of the archimedean screw L, the ends of which
it turn
in suitable bearings. The materials after having been broken to the required
size fall through the openings with which the sides of the mortar are provided,
from whence they may fall on sieves, to be sorted according to the size.
Several hammers fixed side by side the same arbor a might be caused to act
simultaneously or at suitable intervals in the mortar B, which latter may
have any suitable form.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
putting the same into practical effect, I would observe that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein-before described, as they may be modified
without departing from the principle of the Invention; but I claim, firstly;
the arrangement of machines for the breaking of stones, minerals, or other
analogous substances, by having a hammer fixed to a suitable revolving shaft

page_text: connected to a spring, by the action of which the hammer is lifted up
immediately after having struck the stones or other materials to be broken,
which latter are introduced in a suitable mortar, whereas the hammer is at
suitable intervals thrown down on the materials in the mortar by means of a
cam or tappet fixed to an arbor, which latter, and also the arbor of the
hammer and the apparatus for carrying the materials to the mortar, receive
motion from a main arbor driven by any suitable prime mover.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of August in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)