An Improved Machine for Scouring, Clatting, and Polishing Small Tooth Combs and other Combs, and other Articles of Horn or Analogous Material.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1891'
Complete Specification Left, 24th June, 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 18º2
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Scouring, Clatting, and Polishing Small
Tooth Combs and other Combs, and other Articles of Horn or
Analogous Material.
I, WILLIAM SCOTT, of 4 Caroline Place, in the City and County of Aberdeen,
North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention which relates to an improved machine for scouring, clatting and
polishing small tooth combs and other combs and other articles of horn or analogous
material has for its object to effect the said operations in a much more expeditious
and superior manner than has hitherto been performed by hand or machine.
In carrying out my said invention I employ an ordinary pair of buffs mounted on
horizontal axes the one above the other, and carried by suitable bearings provided
in two upright standards, the said bearings being adjustable by means of screws so
as to enable the distance between the faces of the two buff's being regulated to the
desired level and also to take up wear.
Immediately in front of the said buffs I mount my improved machine, which
consists of a cast iron sole plate having two upright standards the front one of
which carries a rotating table which is mounted on the top end of a vertical
spindle which is capable of being revolved intermittently through the medium of
a ratchet wheel mounted near the lower end of said spindle, and a pawl and rocking
lever acted on by an eccentric which is mounted near the lower end of another
vertical spindle carried in the other or side upright standard, the said spindle
being driven at its top end by means of bevel or other gearing from a horizontal
shaft carried in suitable bearings provided in or attached to an arm or bracket
which is secured by suitable means to the said standard, the said horizontal shaft
being driven by means of belt and pullies from any suitable motor.
The said table has mounted on its top side a suitable number (preferably five) of
slides which work in suitable slotted brackets either formed on or attached to said
table, the said slides are provided at their front ends with two T shaped slots, one
on either side so as to carry two small brackets having provision formed on them
for carrying and holding a pair of tongs each and also a spiral or other spring,
the one end of which acts on the top leg of said tongs and so enables them to hold
the comb or other article while being operated on, the said small brackets and
The said slides are so mounted
springs are each provided with adjusting screws.
that they are each brought round in front of the buffs and pushed forward to same
by means of a pivotted lever secured at its top end to the end of the arm or
bracket carried by side standard, the said lever being provided with a friction
roller and is operated by means of a suitably shaped cam fixed on end of horizontal
shaft, the said cam being preferably of such a shape as to push the said slides
backward and forward three times before leaving the buffs, the backward motion of
the slides and tongs being obtained by means of suitable spiral or other springs
mounted underneath the said slides.
In order to open and close the said tongs 1 mount underneath the said table a
number of small brackets each of which carry a vertical sliding pin, the lower
end of which is formed as a fork or double eye so as to carry a friction roller, the
travel of said pins being adjustable so as to take up wear of tongs and various
thicknesses of articles being operated on; the said vertical sliding pins are mounted
under the top leg of each pair of tongs, where if desired they may be provided
with suitable adjustable heads, and their friction rollers during the revolving of the
table are caused to run on a gradient adjustably carried in a bracket secured to

page_text: the front standard, as also on a quadrant mounted in a bracket secured to the front
standard, and operated by means of a cam and rod from the main rocking lever;
the whole arrangement being such that when the table is stopped, its motion being
intermittent, some of the tongs are partly and some full open, while.those in front
of the buffs are shut owing to the lowering of the quadrant by means of the cam,
thus allowing the sliding pins to fall from under the tong's top legs and so allow
the springs to press the said legs down thus holding the combs or other articles
during the pivotted levers pushing forward and slide springs withdrawal motions.
Dated this 16th day of February 1891
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Scouring, Clatting, and Polishing Small
Tooth Combs and other Combs, and other Articles of Horn.or
Analogous Material.
I, WILLIAM SCOTT, of 4 Caroline Place, in the City and County of Aberdeen,
North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention which relates to an improved machine for scouring, clatting and
polishing small tooth combs and other combs, and other articles of horn or analogous
material, has for its object to effect the said operations in a much more expeditious
and superior manner than has hitherto been performed by hand or machine.
In carrying out my said invention 1 employ an ordinary pair of scouring,
clatting or polishing buffs mounted on horizontal axes the one above the other, and
carried by suitable bearings provided in two upright standards, the said bearings
being adjustable both horizontally and vertically by means of screws so as to enable
the buffs being adjusted fair upon each other, also to regulate the distance between
the faces of the said buffs and to allow for and take up wear. For clatting I may
cause the said buffs and the spindles on which they are mounted to move slightly
from end to end in their bearings so as to enable the clatting process being more
efficiently effected.
Immediately in front of the said buff's I mount my improved machine which in
order that it may be more readily understood and easily carried into effect I will
now proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings
throughout which the same reference letters denote similar parts.
Figure 1, of the said drawings is a side elevation, Figure 2, a plan, and Figure 3,
an end elevation of my improved machine.
Figures 4 and 5 are sectional clevation and plan, on an enlarged scale of my
slide and holders with tongs in position as when holding the articles to the buffs,
and
Figures 6 to 12 inclusive are detail views on an enlarged scale.
Referring to the said drawings 1 construct of cast iron a sole plate A, having
four or more snugs a, each of which is provided with slot holes a', so as to enable
the machine to be adjusted to or from the buffs in order to suit the articles being
operated.upon. The said sole plate A has bolted or otherwise secured to its top
side. two upright standards, the front one B, of which has suitable bearings b, b,
formed in it for carrying a rotating table C, which is mounted on the top end of a
vertical spindle C, which is capable of being intermittently rotated through the
medium of a ratchet wheel D, mounted near the lower end of said spindle C, and
a pawl D', which is connected at its one end to the one end of a double rocking
lever E which is pivotted at e, to the said sole plate A, the other end of said lever E
is.connected to the one end of an eccentric rod F, which is connected to an eccentric
strap F mounted on the eccentric F which is keyed or otherwise secured near

page_text: a
the lower end of an upright shaft G from which it derives its motion the said
shaft G being carried in suitable bearings h, h, provided in the standard H, which
is bolted or otherwise secured to the sole plate A; the said pawl D' as shown
more particularly in Figure 12, is provided with an adjusting screw d, and a
binding screw d³, whereby it may be adjusted in case of wear, so as to enable the
table C being always rotated to the proper point, and the pawl D' is always
retained in its proper position by means of the spiral or other spring d², and stop
pin The said side standard II, is so formed as to carry a top bracket HT,
which has provision formed in it for carrying the horizontal driving shaft K,
which may be driven by any desired motor by means of a belt and driving pulley K'
or stepped cone so as to vary the speed according to the kind of articles being
operated upon the said shaft K is geared by means of the bevel or other
gearing K with the upright shaft G, and it is also provided at its outer end
with a peculiarly shaped cam L, which actuates a swinging lever L', through
the medium of a friction roller 1, the said lever L' being pivotted at to a small
bracket mounted on the end of the top bracket H', in such a manner
as to give the necessary movement at the proper time to number of
slides M, the said slides M, of which I prefer to use five, are mounted at equal
distances around the top side of the rotating table C, and are each composed of a
main slide M, which works in slots or grooves n provided in the box or bracket N,
which may be either formed on or suitably attached to the said table C, and which
is provided on its underside with an opening ', in which a spiral or other spring N
works, the said spring being secured at its one end to a hook or projection m
provided on the lower side of the main slide M and at its other to a tension
regulating device N2 preferably composed of a hooked bolt which passes through the
end of the bracket N and is provided with a screw and regulating nut n², and also
-to provide for the replacing of a new spring when required I form the said bolt
with a hole or eye n³, at its outer end to which a string or wire may be attached
and so provide an easy means of replacing a spring when desired. The said slides M
are each provided on their front ends with two T shaped slots m'shown more
particularly in plan Figure 6, and into which two small brackets m² shown more
particularly in plan, side and front elevations Figures 7. 8 & 9. are fitted, the said
brackets m² are formed with holes m so as to enable them carrying and holding a
pair of tongs M', and also a spiral, or other spring M², the one end m³ of which acts
on the top leg m of the tongs M in such a manner as to hold the comb or other
article while being operated; the said brackets m² are provided with adjusting
screws m³ so as to enable the tongs and springs being kept in their relative positions
to each other. In order to open and close the said tongs I mount on cach side of
the brackets N and immediately underneath the tongs top leg a gland or bracket !',
as shown more particularly in Figures 10, and 11 the lower end of which extends
down underneath the said table.C, the said brackets P, are so formed as each to
carry a vertical sliding pin P.which has its lower end formed as a fork or double
eye p, so as to carry a friction roller p', and its top end is also provided with an
adjustable head composed of an internally screwed nut or head, jamb nut &
screw p³ so as to enable the wear of the blades of the tongs being provided for as
also to vary the opening of the tongs so as to fit various articles; the said pins p¹
are also prevented from revolving by means of slots and feathers, and in order to
regulat etheir travel and so fit them to the gradient Q, I provide small adjustable
rests p' which bears up the head when the roller p₁ is not on the gradient Qor
quadrant Q', the said rests p³ are carried by small lugs or projections p³ formed on the
sides of the brackets P', and provided with screw pins. The said gradient Qis
adjustably carried by a bracket q, which is bolted or otherwise secured to the front
standard B which has also another bracket q' bolted or otherwise secured to it, the said
bracket q', being for the purpose of carrying a moveable quadrant Q', the lower
end of which is provided with a friction roller g², the said quadrant is prevented
from revolving by means of a slot and feather, and obtains its motion from a cam R,

page_text: mounted on the one end of a short spindle also carried by the bracket and
having a lever R¹ mounted at its outer end, the other end of which is connected to
the one end of a rod R2 which is connected at its other end to the one end of the
main rocking lever E; the said cam R also gives the necessary movement at the
proper time to a pivotted lever S, through the medium of a friction rollers, the said
lever S is pivotted to the front standard B, and preferably shaped as shown so as to
engage with a number of checks or projections S¹, formed on or attached to the top
side of the ratchet D, at equal distances apart corresponding to the slides M, so as
to automatically regulate the intermittent forward motion of the table C, which is
also prevented from being moved backwards out of position by means of the circular
rack or ratchet T, provided on or attached to the said ratchet D, and pivotted
pawl T', which is pivotted to the front standard B.
The arrangement of the said machine is such, that supposing the machine to be
in the position as shown in the drawings, that is to say with the pair of tongs
marked in Figure 2, immediately in front of the buffs, and the driving power
applied, the said tongs would be pushed forward, and moved inwards and outwards
several times before being withdrawn, the said forward motion being obtained
through the medium of the cam L acting or operating the lever I', the lower end
of which enters and works in the grooves n provided in the top of the slide box or
bracket N, and the backward motion obtained by the springs N1; the said tongs
and slides being prevented from going too far forward by means of the stop pins m³,
coming in contact with the end of the grooves ; during the said movements of
the tongs 1, the pawl D₁ and rocking lever E are on their backward stroke and the
cam R caused to partially rotate and so lower the quadrant Q and pins Pt of the
pair of tongs No. 3, which are then closed by the springs M2 before being rotated
around to their next position the said cam R also causes the lever S to be freed
from the projections S¹ so as to permit of the pawl D' rotating the table Cround
and so take tongs No. 1 away from the buffs and tongs No. 2, to front of buff's in
position for the articles held by them being operated upon, the said rotating of the
table C, also causes the pins Pi of the pair of tongs No. 4 to be raised up by means
of their rollers p rolling up the gradient Q, and on to the quadrant Q, thus
opening the tongs and so permitting the articles operated upon being removed and
others put in. The whole machine thus giving a motion to the articles being
operated upon somewhat similar to the motion given at present by hand, and which
when used for polishing is preferably provided with india-rubber strips inside the
blades of the tongs so as to prevent the articles from being marked.
In order to prevent sand and water from getting into the working parts of said
machine, during the scouring and clatting operations, I provide the said parts with
suitable covers, preferably by forming the standards B, and H, and bracket H' so
as to receive suitable cast iron sides and top, and the table C, slides M, cam L and
lever L' are also provided with suitable sheet iron or other covers, suitable means
being provided for lubrication of the working parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The general arrangement, construction and combination of the various parts
constituting my improved machine for scouring, clatting and polishing combs and
other articles, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the accom-
panying drawings.
2nd. The arrangement and combination of the parts for fixing and adjusting the
tougs M, and springs M², to the slides M, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore-described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
3rd. The arrangement and construction of pins P₁ and mode of adjusting same
combined with the friction rollers p', glands P and rests p³, substantially as and for
the purposes hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 4th. The arrangement and combination with the swinging lever L' of the cam L,
and friction roller 1, and mode of mounting same substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
5th. The arrangement and combination with the rotating table C, eccentric F,
rocking lever E, cam R, and their connections, of the lever S, projections S¹,
ratchet T and pawl T', all substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
6th. The arrangement d, whereby the pawl D' may be adjusted combined with
the spring d', as hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of June 1891.
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.