Improvements in Machinery for Grinding or Abrading Metals.
Year: 1888

page_text: vate of Application, 13th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 2nd July, 18:9-Accepted, 24th Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Grinding or Abrading Metals.
I, DAVID ASHTON Aztec Works, Hicks Street, Sheffield in the County of York,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
2
This invention is for improvements in the construction of grinding machines for!
general purposes, such as grinding Files, Machine irons, and other articles, having flat,
bevilled, curved, or other irregular surfaces; the grinding medium being either an
ordinary grindstone, or an emery wheel.
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It consists of a strong cast-iron trough flanged at the bottom and top edges, and
supporting two A-shaped standards somewhat similar to those of the ordinary planning
machine except that the front face which is to act as a slide leans back at a suitable
angle, and is fitted with a sliding saddle provided with bearings at its lower end to
carry the axle on which the stone is mounted, its position being between the
standards.
Upon the axle, outside the standard I fix a cam or like appliance arranged to give a
lateral reciprocating movement to the stone to prevent it wearing in grooves or
"ridging" and to keep the face of the stone level and true.
The saddle with the grindstone is either raised or lowered upon the inclined faces
of the standards by means of a central screw attached to the top of the sliding saddle,
and passing through the screwed boss of a worm wheel, working in the crosshead
that connects the tops of the two standards; the worm wheel is operated by a worm
connected by a chain to a conveniently placed hand wheel. This enables the workman
to lower the stone as it wears and becomes smaller in diameter.
Upon the front end of the trough I fix a movable bracket or arm, which can turn
screw at any
upon a joint pin close to the trough, and can be fixed by a
required angle in a vertical direction. The front or outer projecting end of the bracket
is also jointed and provided with friction clips to tighten or to fix it as required; it
also carries suitable gear for driving a guide screw one end of which is supported in
a bearing in the jointed end before described, the other end working in and through
a screw box forming part of, or attached to the movable table, upon which the work
to be ground is placed.
The Table is formed or constructed with sides rising above the face of the table on
which the work is placed, and it can be moved by the action of the before mentioned
-guide screw either forward, so as to dip into the water under the stone, or backward
so as to raise it out of the water in front of the stone.
The top edges of the sides of the table overhang outwards and are provided with
longitudinal slots, which are made perfectly parallel with the face of the table, in
which are placed runners, templets, or shapers that can be readily adjusted in position,
and that correspond with the desired shape or configuration of the surface it is
desired to grind.
Inside the trough on each side, and near the top edge 1 fix two movable brackets,
carrying two antifriction wheels or rollers; the two brackets are supported by
adjusting screws which rest upon elastic cushions, and the said wheels or rollers are
preferably so arranged in position that a line drawn from their centres to the
centre of the stone, will be parallel with the face of the standard on which the
stone slides.
The table is supported by its overhanging sides resting upon the said wheels or
rollers and may be arranged to work at any suitable angle, being drawn backwards
and forwards upon the antifriction wheels or rollers by the alternating revolutions of
the guide screw, the length of travel being controlled by stops very similar to the
action of a planing machine.

page_text: The articles or work to be ground may very conveniently be held in trays cushioned
with rubber, or by clamps, or by any other suitable means, or in some cases be laid
loose spon the table.
I find it very convenient to drive the gearing at the end of the bracket or arm,
which causes the action of the table, from a countershaft carried at the top of the
principal standards, and thus the machine is selfcontained, the heavy trough serving
as a base plate.
To enable the face of the stone to be readily kept true, I fix upon the outside of
the sides of the trough, slides, upon which travelling bearings are fixed, and these
carry a cross shaft at the back of the stone. A number of circular hackers are
fixed on the centre of the shaft, and by forcing these up to the stone, and
traversing the hackers to and fro the face of the stone is kept open and free from
inequalities.
DAL 1011
Donnmhan 1000
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Grinding or Abrading Metals.
I, DAVID ASHTON Aztec Works, Hick Street, Sheffield in the County of York,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the 2
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention is for improvements in the construction of grinding machines for
general purposes, such as grinding files, machine-irons, and other articles having flat,
bevilled, curved or tapered surfaces the grinding medium being either the ordinary
grindstone, emerywheel, or the like.
The Machine is represented in the annexed sheets of Drawings.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation of the Machine.
Fig. 2, a plan of same, with the stone and the screw removed.
Fig. 3, front elevation of Machine, with arm and front of trough removed.
Fig. 4, enlarged view of Table support.
The Machine consists of a strong cast iron trough A flanged at the top and bottom
edges, and supporting two standards B, the front faces of which incline backwards at
a suitable angle to form a support and slide for a sliding saddle or headstock C,
provided with two bearings-D at its lower end to carry the axle of the grindstone E,
which is secured in position by screwing it between the metal plates Fin the usual
manner, between the standards B.
Upon one end of the axle of the stone E outside the standard, I fix a cam G, the
groove of which engages with a finger or stud H, so that when the axle revolves, a
reciprocating movement is imparted to the axle and the stone; this prevents the face
of the stone wearing in grooves or ridges or like irregularities, and keeps the face of
the stone, true, level, and smooth.
The Saddle C, with the grindstone E which it supports upon its axle, can be either
raised or lowered upon the inclined faces of the standards B by means of a centrally
placed screw I, fixed to the top of said saddle and passing through the screwed boss
of a worm-wheel J, working in the crosshead which connects the tops of the two
standards B.
The worm wheel J is operated by a worm K which is rotated by means of a chain,
driven by a conveniently placed hand wheel L.
This arrangement enables the attendant to adjust the grindstone in position
as it becomes smaller in diameter by wear or when a new stone is put into the
apparatus.
Upon the front end of the Trough A, I fix a bracket M, forming a continuation of
the top part of the trough, and carrying a long arm N, supported on the joint pin 0,

page_text: upon which it can be raised and lowered, and it can also be fixed at any desired point
by means of the nut P.
On the front end of the arm M, I fix a box bearing Q, which forms a support for
one end of the screw Y, and also carries a pair of skew-wheels, one of which is fixed
upon the screw Y, and its companion upon the driving shaft R, upon which shaft are
also fixed a set of reversing pulleys S similar to those of a planing machine and these
I prefer to drive from a counter-shaft the brackets of which are fixed to the top of
the standards B, thus making the machine selfcontained.
The box bearing Q is carried upon a joint T which may be fixed rigidly, or may
be allowed to move with the rise and fall of the grinding table U, to which the other
end of the screw is attached, by engaging with the screw box V, which forms part of
the grinding table.
The said table is constructed with side plates rising above the face of the table
upon which the work to be ground is placed, which is indicated by the dotted line,
and the top edges of the said sides project or overhang outwards at W, and are
provided with slots or other means by which any suitably shaped templets, shapers, or
paths, may be secured to the underside of the said overhanging edges, and be readily
fixed and adjusted in position; these templets are made of the desired curve, taper,
or other configuration that it is desired the article on the table should correspond
with.
The overhanging edges W, of the table U, rest upon and are supported by two
rollers X, one on each side, and the table can be drawn to and fro upon the said rollers
according as the screw Y is caused to revolve in one direction or the other by the
action of the pulleys S, this alternate motion being produced by the ordinary belt
reversing action as used on metal planing machines, and worked by the travelling
table U.
'
The said rollers X are carried by swing brackets or arms Z, one end being pivotted
to the side of the trough A, and the other or loose end to which the roller is fixed,
being supported by an adjusting screw (1) passing through the threaded. boss of
hand wheel (2) which rests upon an elastic bed or cushion let into the support (3)
this arrangement being to avoid rigidity between the stone and the article to be
ground.
The rollers X are preferably situated so that a line drawn from their centres to the
centre of the stone E, will be parallel with the face of the standards B, this arrange-
ment is to give support to the articles to be ground directly under the point of contact
between the stone and the article being ground.
The articles to be ground may in some cases be simply laid on the table U, but
small articles may be held on plates or placed on trays, or other suitable means
may be employed according to the shape or size of the article as this arrangement
forms no part of the invention. I arrange that the operation of grinding shall take
place under the surface of the water, the water being constantly kept in motion by
the table, the grit from the stone held in suspension in the water, materially aids the
abrading action of the stone.
To enable the face of the stone to be dressed and kept true and square with the
face of the table U, I arrange a slide (4) on each side of the trough provided with
traversing screws (5) and travelling supports (6) carrying a cross shaft (7) on which
are fixed a number of circular toothed hackers (8) forming a milling tool.
The traversing screws (5) are connected by bevil wheels (9) and cross shaft (10)
and can be operated by means of a hand wheel (11) and machine chain (12) but I do
not claim the use of a circular hacker, as it is at present in use.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1-A grinding Machine having all its various parts, constructed, arranged
and working together in combination, substantially as hereinbefore described and
11

page_text: 2-In a grinding machine, the arrangement of the table U, riding upon rollers X,
supported on elastic cushions, for the purpose specified, and by its action keeping
the water and the grit suspended therein, constantly in motion, and applied to the
articles under operation, thus materially improving the grinding or abrading action
of the stone.
3- In a grinding machine such as hereinbefore described, the construction and
arrangement of the bracket M, arm N and the mechanism connected therewith for
driving the screw Y, substantially as described and shown.
། .
1000
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.