Improvements in the Transmitting and Receiving Apparatus of Printing Telegraphs.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Dec., 1886
Complete Left, 22nd Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Transmitting and Receiving Apparatus of
Printing Telegraphs.
I WALTER SAMUEL STELJES of 4 Ludgate Circus in the City of London, Electrical.
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention for improvements in the transmitting and receiving apparatus for
printing telegraphs relatos to that class of printing telegraphs in which the transmitting
apparatus is caused to send into the line wire a series of currents of short duration
alternately in the opposite directions and terminated by a current in either direction of
a longer duration for each symbol signalled. These currents are sent through the coils.
of two electro-magnets-hereinafter called the escapement magnets and cause to
vibrate between the poles of the said magnets at each reversal of current two soft iron
tongues that are magnetised by a permanent magnet. These tongues are mounted
upon the same arbor as an escape lover working into the pallets of an escapement.
The escape wheel is driven by a spring weight or other suitable means through a train
of gearing and is mounted on the spindle of the type wheel which is thus rotated
through one space that is through the space required for one symbol-for each
current. The last motion of the type wheel to bring the required symbol opposite the
paper on which the message is to be printed is caused by the current of longer duration
which is sent through the line wire and through the coils of a third electro-magnet
arranged in the line circuit. This electro-magnet-hereinafter called the impression
magnet then attracts its armature which is arranged not to be attracted by a current
of short duration and which is drawn away from the magnet on the cessation of the
current by its own weight aided by a spring. The said armature is fixed on an
impression lever and when attracted causes the lever to force the paper onto that
symbol which is then opposite the paper. When the armature is withdrawn, it by
means of a pawl rotates a ratchet wheel on the spindle of a roughened roller over
which the paper passes and draws the paper forward after each impression.
My invention has for objects to provide an improved escapement for the receiving
instrument, and automatic means for synchronizing the different receiving instruments
with the transmitting instrument.

page_text: In a receiving instrument. constructed according to my invention, the escapement
comprises two arms pivotted loosely at their upper ends and having their lower ends
connected by a spiral or other suitable spring and suitably shaped to form pallets
-which-gear with the escape wheel. A vibrating lever is mounted at its upper end
on an arbor so as to be capable of vibrating. Two soft iron tongues are suspended
from the said arbor, each tongue being suspended between two opposite poles of
escapement magnets and being under the influence of a permanent magnet. These
bars form a polarised armature for the escapement magnets. It will thus be seen that
on sending the series of currents into the line wire, the polarised armature is alternately
attracted to the escapement magnets it being repelled from one and attracted to the
other for each separate current and so actuates the vibrating escape lever. A pin on
the lower end of the vibrating escape lever works between the two arms of the escape-
ment. When the polarised armature is attracted to one magnet or the other, the pallot
on the lower end of the corresponding arm is forced outwards and allows the escape
wheel to rotate through a space equal to half the distance between two adjacent teeth.
The pallets are thus alternately forced outwards and release the escape wheel which is
however always locked by one of the pallets except as hereinafter described when
bringing the different instruments into unison.
In order that the different receiving instruments and the transmitting instrument
may be brought into exact unison at the end of each word, the ordinary spacing key
in the transmitter, which. key is operated at the end of every word or series of symbols
signalled, is arranged to send a current of increased strength into the line wire. In
the line circuit is arranged a fourth electro-magnet-hereinafter called the unison
magnet-whose armature is controlled by a spring so that it is not attracted when the
ordinary currents are sent through the line. This armature is connected to a lever
which when the armature is attracted, forces a cam piece or lobe between the two
pallet arms and opens them so that the escape wheel is allowed to rotate until a pro-
jecting pin secured to its spindle comes in contact with a projecting arm on the aforesaid
unison lever which arm is drawn into the path of the said pin. When in this position
the type wheel will be at its zero or unison point. It will thus be seen that by sending
the increased current into the line by means of the spacing or unison key of the trans-
mitter all the receiving instruments will be brought to their zero or unison point at the
end of each word or series of symbols signalled. The lever to which the armature of
the unison magnet is connected is also arranged when the said armature is attracted to
its magnet to short circuit the coils of the impression magnet so that the impression
lever is only attracted sufficiently to operate the ratchet mechanism which feeds the
paper onward but does not force the paper onto the type wheel.
Dated this 23rd day of December 1886
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
156, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Transmitting and Receiving Apparatus of
Printing Telegraphs.
I WALTER SAMUEL STELJES of 60 Queen Victoria Street, late of 4 Ludgate Circus,
in the City of London, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention for improvements in the transmitting and receiving apparatus of
printing telegraphs relates to that class of printing telegraphs in which the trans-
mitting apparatus is caused to send into the line wire a series of currents of short
duration alternately in the opposite directions, and terminated by a current in either
direction of a longer duration for each symbol signalled. These currents are sent
through the coils of two electro-magnets, hereinafter called the escapement magnets,
and cause to vibrate between the poles of the said magnets at each reversal of current
two soft iron tongues, that are magnetised by a permanent magnet. These tongues
are mounted upon the same arbor as an escape lever working into the pallets of an
escapement. The escape wheel is driven by a spring, weight, or other suitable means
through a train of gearing, and is mounted on the spindle of the type wheel which is
thus rotated through one space, that is, through the space required for one symbol for
cach current. The last motion of the type wheel to bring the required symbol opposite
the paper on which the message is to be printed is caused by the current of longer
duration, which is sent through the line wire, and through the coils of a third electro-
magnet arranged in the line circuit. This electro-magnet, hereinafter called the
impression magnet, then attracts its armature which is arranged not to be attracted by
a current of short duration, and which is drawn away from the magnet on the cessation
of the current by its own weight aided by a spring. The said armature is fixed on an
impression lever, and when attracted, causes the lever to force the paper on to that
symbol which is then opposite the paper. When the armature is withdrawn, it, by
means of a pawl rotates a ratchet wheel on the spindle of a roughened roller over
which the paper passes, and draws the paper forward after each impression.
My invention has for its object to provide an improved escapement for the receiving
instrument, and to provide automatic means for synchronizing the different receiving
instruments with the transmitting instrument.
In a receiving instrument constructed according to my invention the escapement
comprises two arms pivotted loosely at their upper ends, and having their lower ends
connected by a spiral or other suitable spring, and suitably shaped to form pallets
which gear with the escape wheel.
A vibrating lever is mounted at its upper end on an arbor so as to be capable of
vibrating. Two soft iron tongues are suspended from the said arbor, each tongue being
suspended between two opposite poles, of the escapement magnets, and being under
the influence of a permanent magnet. These tongues form a polarised armature for
the escapement magnets. It will thus be seen that on sending the series of currents

page_text: •
into-the-line-wire-the-polarised armaturo is alternately attracted to the escapement
magnets, it being repelled from one and attracted to the other for each separate
current, and so actuates the vibrating escape lover. A pin on the lower end of the
vibrating escape lever works between the two arms of the escapement. When the
polarised armaturo is attracted to one magnet or the other, the pallet on the lower end
of the corresponding arm is forced outwards and allows the escape wheel to rotate
through a space equal to a half the distance between two adjacent teeth. The pallets
are thus alternately forced outwards and release the escape wheel, which is, however,
always locked by one of the pallets, except as hereinafter described when bringing the
different instruments into unison..
In order that the different receiving instruments and the transmitting instrument
may be brought into exact unison at the end of each word, the ordinary spacing key in
the transmitter, which key is operated at the end of every word or series of symbols
signalled, is arranged to send a current of increased strength into the line wire.
In the line circuit is arranged a fourth electro-magnet hereinafter called the unison
magnet, whose armature is controlled by a spring so that it is not attracted when the
ordinary currents are sent through the line. This armature is connected to a lever
which when the armature is attracted forces a cam piece or lobe between two pallet
arms and opens them, so that the escape wheel is allowed to rotate until a projecting
pin connected to its spindle comes in contact with a projecting arm on the aforesaid
unison lever, which arm is drawn into the path of the said pin. When in this position
the type wheel will be at zero or unison point. It will thus be seen that by sending
the increased current into the line by means of the spacing or unison key of the trans-
mitter, all the receiving instruments will be brought to their zero or unison point at
the end of each word or series of symbols signalled. The lever to which the armature
of the unison magnet is connected is also arranged when the said armature is attracted
to its magnet to short circuit the coils of the impression magnet, so that the impression
lever is only attracted sufficiently to operate the ratchet mechanism which feeds the
paper onwards, but does not force the paper on the type.
In the accompanying two sheets of illustrative drawings Fig. 1 is a sectional eleva-
tion, Fig. 2 a transverse sectional elevation, and Fig. 3 a back side elevation of a
receiving instrument constructed according to my invention.
The escapement comprises two arms a pivotted loosely at their upper ends on the
arbor band having their lower ends connected by a spiral spring c and suitably shaped
to form pallets d which gear with the escape wheel e. Two pins referred to herein-
after are fixed in the pallet levers a. A vibrating lever is connected at its upper end
to an arbor from which two soft iron tongues i are suspended, each tongue being
suspended between the two opposite poles of the escapement magnets k, and being
under the influence of a permanent magnet 1; these tongues form a polarised armature
for the escapement magnets.
A pin m in the lower end of the vibrating escape lever g works between the two
upper ends of the arms of the escapement.
In the line circuit is arranged the unison electro-magnet n whose armature o is con-
trolled by a spring p, so that, it is not attracted when ordinary currents are sent
through the line. This armature is connected to a lever q which, when the arma-
ture is attracted forces the cam piece or lobe between the two pins f on the pallet
arms a and opens them so that the escape wheel e is allowed to rotate until the
projecting pins fixed in the escape wheel comes in contact with the projecting spur or,
armt on the aforesaid unison lever 9. When in this position the type wheel will be
at its zero or unison point. Should however the transmitting and receiving instru-
ments,be in unison, the spur or arm t on the unison lever q, merely strikes against and
is stopped by the pin s, which thus prevents any action on the pallets by the lobe
The line current passes from the terminal u, through the coils of the escapement
magnetsk, through the coils of the unison magnet n to the contact bracket v, and
thence through the coils of the impression magnet w to the terminal . The lever y
secured to the unison armature o carries an insulated contact spring z, one end of which
is connected to the terminal by the wire a¹ as clearly shown. When the unison

page_text: armature is attracted, the lever y is raised, and the spring makes contact with the
point of the adjustable screw 6 and thus short circuits the coils of the impression
magnet w, so that, the armature of the impression lever c¹ is only attracted sufficiently
to operate the ratchet mechanism which feeds the paper onwards, but does not force
the paper on the type.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
In receiving apparatus for printing telegraphs
1. The construction of the escapement pallets in two parts, so that, the escape wheel
can readily be set free from the pallets, substantially as described.
2. The arrangement of the mechanism for bringing the instrument into unison with
the transmitting instrument, consisting of a magnet whose armature when a current of
increased strength is sent into the line is attracted and operates through a lever to set
the escape wheel free of the pallets, and to insert a stop in the path of a projection
rigidly connected with the escape wheel, so as to bring it to rest at the zero or unison
point, substantially as described.
3. The arrangement of mechanism for preventing the impression lever from forcing
the paper on to the type wheel when the spacing or unison key of the transmitter is
operated, comprising, an armature attracted to its magnet by the spacing or unison
current and operating to short circuit the impression magnet, which then only attracts
its armature sufficiently to operate the ratchet mechanism to feed on the paper for the
blank space, substantially as described.
4. The means for automatically synchronising the receiving instruments with the
transmitting instrument, substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 22nd September 1887.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
156, Strand, W.C.