IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE AND IN THEARY ANDYE- PRODUCTSROM
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Wood of Flockton near Wakefield in the County
of York Mining Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE AND IN THE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th August 1882.
JOHN WOOD of Flockton near Wakefield in the County of York Mining
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF COKE AND IN THE EXTRACTION OF THE RESIDUARY AND BYE-
PRODUCTS FROM COAL
"
I employ a retort of a form but considerably longer at its vertical sides than
those usually employed in the manufacture of gas. These retorts are enclosed
within brickwork having flues provided therein, such flues being employed for the
passage of heat This heat may be obtained from ordinary coke ovens with or
without the addition of gas which is produced in the retort after such gases have
been distilled and the bye products extracted therefrom. When gas is employed
it may be forced or drawn into the flues by ordinary means.
The bye products which pass off from the retorts and which are condensed from
the gas are withdrawn in the ordinary way.
The herein before mentioned retorts are made up of parts so that they may be
taken to pieces for repairs, and fresh parts substituted for those that are damaged
without deranging the others.
By the above described arrangements a very superior quality of coke can be.
obtained.

page_text: shewn by arrows ; thence it is distributed sideways into the flues e and in the
direction shewn by arrows in Fig 5 and round the sides of the retorts in the
direction shewn by arrows Fig 2 and afterwards to a chimney of ordinary
construction or other outlet
When the coke ovens are arranged in a similar position to that shewn at Fig 3,
the heat passes in at the end of the flue e in the direction shewn by arrows m and
thence round the side flues f in the direction shewn by arrows l.
It would be readily understood that the construction of the flues for directing
the heat must be varied in accordance with the position of the coke ovens or other
sources from which the heat is derived
I may charge the retort at the mouth but when preferred the charging may be
effected through the opening n at the crown of the retort such opening being
provided with the cover o The gas and other products from the retort may be
allowed to pass off to a gasometer or in other directions through the pipe p but I
by preference provide a door q for the purpose of closing up the end of the retort.
The upper portion of such door is chambered out as a passage for the gas and
products to this is attached a pipe for conveying away such products
I prefer to use and find ground coal answer best in practice for the herein
described retort
When required I employ gas to assist in heating the retorts and this may be
used in combination with the heat from an ordinary furnace, coke ovens, or other
sources. I find in practice that it is very necessary that a proper admixture of air
and gas should be effected in order to obtain the greatest amount of heat with the
least expenditure of gas.
The apparatus I prefer using consists of a metal box s through the end 8' of
which are provided holes t these being made of a conical form at their inner ends
as shewn at t. Within the box is fitted a diaphram or piston u so as to slide
freely. This piston or diaphram u has inserted in it a series of tubes with
conical ends or valves v constructed so as to fit into the conical holes t' in the box
The piston or diaphram is moved when required by means of a screw w working
through a nut in the end of the box and attached to the piston or diaphram u by
a cross bar x The hand wheel y is employed for the convenience of turning the
screw and is fixed on the outer end of it.
The action of the nozzle is as follows: Gas is admitted to the box through any
convenient aperture z and air is admitted through apertures a¹ The gas fills the
inner portion of the box and flows between the conical surfaces when such
surfaces are in the position shewn in Fig 8 It there meets with the air admitted
at a which flows through the tubes The gas and air are mixed as they flow on
through the holes into the furnace h or flues and are there ignited. By moving the
piston or diaphram u the conical valves on the ends of the tubes may be opened
or closed or otherwise regulated rendering the apparatus capable of admitting any
required amount of gas and so producing a suitable admixture of air and gas for
heating the retorts
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and shewn by the aid
of drawings how the same may be carried into practice I would have it understood
that I do not limit myself to the precise details I have described and shewn as the
same may be varied or modified without in any way departing from the nature of
my said Invention but what I do claim is.
The arrangement construction an application of the retort a to be employed in
the manufacture of coke and for the extraction of the residuary or bye products
from coal
The combination of the retort a with the brickwork enclosure d such retort
being built separate from the brick work enclosure substantially as and for the
purposes herein set forth.
The general arrangement of the flues e and f and mere modifications of the

page_text: same for conveying the heat from the coke ovens or other sources to the retorts
substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
In Witness whereof I the said John Wood have hereunto set my hand and
seal this fifth day of February in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
JOHN WOOD (L.S.)