matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF IMPARTING MOTION TO DRILLS, CHURNS, AND OTHER MACHINES WHERE A RAPID ALTERNATING ROTARY MOTION IS REQUIRED
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Charles MacLeod
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st August 1872.
-I, ALEXANDER CHARLES MACLEOD, of Nunwick Hall, in the County
of Cumberland, Doctor of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF IMPARTING MOTION
TO DRILLS, CHURNS, AND OTHER MACHINES WHERE A RAPID ALTERNATING ROTARY
MOTION IS REQUIRED,"
" to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to provide more simple, inexpensive,
and powerful means than heretofore of imparting rapid alternating
rotary motion to drills, churns or other machines in which such motion
is required. For this purpose I key or otherwise affix upon the shaft or
spindle to be rotated a toothed or cogged wheel, and in gear with this
wheel I place a straight rod or cylindrical shaft which is formed on its
circumference with a series of circular ribs or rings corresponding with
the teeth of the wheel.
By imparting a to-and-fro rectilinear motion by means of a handle on

page_text: which it is fixed receive a rapid rotary motion, first in one direction and
then in the reverse.
The shaft being cylindrical and ribbed all round, any portion of its
periphery may be used indifferently, and the shaft will therefore be more
easy to work and more durable..
By way of example I proceed to describe the manner of applying my
Invention to a carpenter's drill. The drill consists of three separate
parts, viz, the drill shaft, a motive cylinder, and a collar or block. The
drill shaft is provided as usual with a handle or knob at the top. . On
this shaft is fixed a toothed or cogged wheel. The motive cylinder is a 1
metal rod formed with a series of ribs or rings corresponding with the
teeth of the wheel; this rod is also provided with a handle. The collar
or block is simply intended to hold the ribbed cylinder and cogged wheel
in apposition but is not indispensable.
It is evident that by imparting a to-and-fro rectilinear motion to the
ribbed cylinder a rapid alternating rotary motion is given to the cogged
wheel and drill shaft.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rowe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th October
1872.
I, JOHN ROWE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention which relates to improvements in the weaving of
textile fabrics, has for its object to produce a new or improved twill,
which is effected by connecting the heddles and treadles in such manner
that the motions of the treadles move the heddles in the order herein-
after described, thereby shedding the warp, so that as the weft is passed
through it the improved twilled surface results. The order of con-
nection of the heddles and treadles is as follows, that is to say, in a
series of eight shots of weft the treadle depressed at the first and third
sho's is connected to heddles 3 and 4, the treadle depressed at the
second and fourth shots is connected to heddles 2 and 3, the treadle
depressed at the fifth and seventh shots is connected to heddles 1 and 2,

page_text: and the treadle depressed at the sixth and eighth shots is connected to
heddles 1 and 4.
This Invention is applicable to both hand and power looms, and when
applied to the latter levers are substituted for treadles, and these are
depressed by cams.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE BUILDINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles William Corpe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th October 1872.
I, CHARLES WILLIAM CORPE, of Queen Street, Westminster, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF CONCRETE BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus employed
in the construction of concrete buildings, whereby such apparatus is
much simplified and reduced in cost; affording facility in working or
applying the same, together with the capability of alteration, so as to
adapt it to different parts of a building without the necessity of
returning the apparatus to the manufacturer for alteration from time
to time as may be required. For this purpose, according to one part
of my improvements, I construct the core bars for securing and spacing
the wall panels with comparatively long slot holes, into which wedges
are driven up to the required thickness without the aid of screws as
heretofore practiced.

page_text: Another part of my improvements relates to the construction of angle
panels so as to be capable of being fixed at any required angle, the
inner pauel being bevilled at the mitre to admit of easy withdrawal.
Another part of my improvements relates to a simple method of
attaching panels to uprights by means of plates and wedges, the panel
plates being secured to bars by means of bolts and nuts, thus enabling
the owners or users of such apparatus to lengthen or shorten the panels
as may be required, without returning them to the manufacturer for
such alterations .as heretofore, thus avoiding considerable cost for
alterations.
Another of my improvements relates to the method of arranging and
constructing angle panels for chimney breasts, such panels being
constructed with angle irons bolted to uprights in the angle, and passing
through bar of panel in the face of chimney breast, the said angle irons
having slots therein for wedges, and being screwed to boarding casing
inside of breast.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENTS OF TELESCOPIC OR SLIDING APPLIANCES FOR THE PROTECTION OF OPENINGS, PASSAGES, AND PLACES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE AN ELONGATION OR REDUCTION OF LENGTH IS DESIRED
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Murray Oliver Camroux at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 12th September 1872.
I, MURRAY OLIVER CAMROUX, of 63, Great Tower Street, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENTS OF TELESCOPIC OR
SLIDING APPLIANCES FOR THE PROTECTION OF OPENINGS, PASSAGES, AND PLACES,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE AN ELONGATION OR REDUCTION OF LENGTH IS
DESIRED," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the construction and arrangements
of tubes, rods, bars, strips, or pieces of wood, metal, or other com-
paratively rigid material for use as frames, guards, protectors or
supports of skeleton form, for many domestic and other purposes, among
which may be, mentioned :-Frames or guards for doors, passages,
windows, fire-places, cellar flaps, bedsteads, tables, partitions for wine
and other cellars, and stables, both for gates, and for converting a
loose box into one or more stalls, hurdles for fields, for sheep and other
folds and enclosures, gardens, walks, fences, temporary buildings,. tent
frames, and flower stands.

page_text: I fit loosely or not a series of say horizontal rods, tubes, strips or
pieces of material, to one or more vertical rods, tubes, strips, or pieces,
and I arrange the rods, tubes, strips, or pieces so that they slide within
or in proximity to another series of rods, tubes, strips, or pieces also
fitted to one or more vertical rods, tubes, strips, or pieces, the pieces
or lengths of one series or some of such pieces or lengths being furnished
with screw threads, nuts, tightening screws, keys, or other appliances
for holding or securing one series of rods, tubes, strips, or pieces at the
required distance apart when slid or extended out or away from the
other series.
By way of example I describe an elongating and contracting article
composed of two skeleton frames, one being made of small tubes to slide
within the other frame of larger tubes for say a fire-guard, the vertical
pieces being shaped to fit the "jambs" or side walls of the fire-place,
and pinch them with a pressure equal to that put upon. the screws or
keys for holding the guard in position.
The frame or frames may have wire gauze, perforated metal, or other
material on the whole or over a portion only of their faces, or other
rods or strips may be arranged diagonally, vertically, or horizontally,
according to circumstances, within or to the skeleton frame first
recited.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS AND MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR MANUFACTURING THE APPENDAGES NOW IN GENERAL USE FOR CONNECTING AND HOLDING TOGETHER THE VARIOUS LIMBS OF INFANTS' FEEDING BOTTLES, PART OF WHICH ARTICLES, PROCESS, AND MEANS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Richmond Stocker at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th October 1872.
I, ALEXANDER RICHMOND STOCKER, of Great James Street, Bedford
Row, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS AND MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED
FOR MANUFACTURING THE APPENDAGES NOW IN GENERAL USE FOR CONNECTING AND
HOLDING TOGETHER THE VARIOUS LIMBS OF INFANTS' FEEDING BOTTLES, PART OF
WHICH ARTICLES, PROCESS, AND MEANS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be
as follows:
This Invention consists chiefly in constructing and employing dies
and tools, some of which I propose to make out of potters' clay and
metal, and the articles also which I intend to manufacture for com-
mercial purposes are also made out of potters' clay or other plastic
material, the primary of which I wish my Invention to refer are the
stoppers, unions, and shields for connecting and holding together for use
the teat and india-rubber tube now in general use with infants' feeding
bottles, but my Invention is also applicable to the manufacture out of

page_text: such dies or tools and pressure various other articles in pottery,
especially when one of such dies be made partially of india-rubber,
or clastic material that will conform to its companion or rigid dic by
yielding or humouring itself so as to enter into the form which has been
cut, sunk, engraved, or otherwise in the matrix according to the desired
article or device intended to be produced.
This Invention is peculiarly applicable to the manufacture of small
gas shades in various colors of potters' material, and may be used either
in its clay, semi-fluid slip, or dust state, which are the technical terms
used in the manufacture of pottery goods. The articles when formed
are dressed and finished by stoving to harden them, and afterwards
glazing or otherwise in readiness for the market.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ANNEALING POTS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hibell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th May
1872.
I, WILLIAM HIBELL, of Balsall Heath, in the County of Worcester,
Wire Drawer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ANNEALING POTS," to be as follows:-
:-
The object of this Invention is the production of such an annealing
pot as may not only avoid or nearly avoid the presence of scale on the
articles annealed, but by its improved shape avoid the breakages arising
from the expansion and contraction to which those improved double
cylinder annealing pots now sometimes employed are liable.
Annealing pots constructed after my Invention consist substantially
of two hollow cast-iron cylinders of different diameter, the inner or
smaller one being situated concentrically within the outer or larger one.
The space thus left between the two hollow cylinders constitutes the
chamber in which the articles required to be annealed are placed. The
bottom of this chamber is permanently closed, and the top is also
temporarily closed during the process of annealing, but the space within

page_text: the small hollow cylinder is open to the action of the fire, and thus all
parts of the annealing pot are allowed to receive heat during the process
of annealing.
I am aware that double cylinder annealing pots have already been
made, but the bottoms of these have always been made flat or square,
and the consequence has been that the expansion and contraction of the
metal has had such a fatal effect on these pots that although preventing
in a great measure the presence of scale on the articles annealed within
them they are prevented from being adopted into general use by the
brittleness and consequent breakage to which they are liable. Now I
find that the expansion and contraction and consequent brittleness
spoken of is reduced to a minimum by making the bottoms of the
chambers of these double cylinder annealing pots round or conical in
shape instead of flat or square, and I claim therefore to make the
improved double cylinder annealing pots described in the first part of my
Invention of this improved shape.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANING WOOD OR OTHER MATERIAL, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Allison at the Office
.
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th.
November 1872.
I, JAMES ALLISON, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Foreman Upholsterer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLANING WOOD OR OTHER MATERIAL,
AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
This Invention which has for its object improvements in machinery
or apparatus for planing wood, iron, ivory, or other material, consists in
the employment of a circular disc formed with an inclined or bevilled
edge on that side at which the planing operation is effected.
The disc which may be situated on a spindle on an ordinary circular
saw bench, or in a turning lathe, or in any other suitable arrangement
of mechanism is provided with a series of planing tools or cutters fitted
on to the disc, so that their cutting edges project alternately or in other
order of succession through slots or openings formed in the face and in the
inclined or bevilled edge of the disc, or the said cutting edges of the
planing tools may be made to project through slots formed both in the

page_text: face and bevilled edge of the disc. Or under another arrangement the
disc may be formed with parallel sides and with a slightly bevilled
portion at the edge of its face, the cutters being arranged so as to
project alternately or in other order of succession through slots formed
in the face and bevilled edge and in the parallel sides and bevilled edge
respectively. In operating this arrangement of planing machine the
roughing portion of the planing operation is effected by the tools or
cutters which project through the bevilled edge, or by the portions of
the tools or cutters which project through the bevilled edge (in arrange-
ments of discs wherein the said tools or cutters project through both
the bevilled edge and flat surface of the disc), and the smoothing or
finishing portion of the planing operation is effected by the tools or
portions of the tools which project through the said flat surface of the
disc.
It is to be understood that the different arrangements of planing
discs herein-before described may be constructed to plane wood, metal,
stone, ivory, or other material situated on a travelling table or support
above the centre of the disc, or it may be so constructed as to plane
material projecting over the centre of the disc, by which latter arrange-
ment a greater breadth of surface may be planed at one operation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS DERIVABLE FROM MADDER, MUNJEET, AND OTHER ALLIED ROOTS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Tourre, of Avignon, France, Chemist
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING COLOURING MATTERS
DERIVABLE FROM MADDER, MUNJEET, AND OTHER ALLIED ROOTS."
Sealed the 20th December 1872, and dated the 21st June 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Tourre at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st June 1872.
I, JOSEPH TOURRE, of Avignon, France, Chemist, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING COLOURING
MATTERS DERIVABLE FROM MADDER, MUNJEET, AND OTHER ALLIED ROOTS," to be
as follows:-
In carrying out my Invention the madder root or other such sub-
stance after it has been coarsely ground is washed on a filter with water
acidified with three or four per cent. of muriatic acid, and the liquor

page_text: obtained from this washing is brought up to a temperature of 25 to 30
degrees centigrade. The alcoholic fermentation then takes place, and
when it has ceased the liquor is distilled and produces alcohol which
is collected to be used at a subsequent operation. The remaining damp
paste has then sufficient water added to it to reduce it into a light pulp,
and sulphuric or muriatic acid is added, and steam is blown through the
mixture, after which the mass is thrown on a filter and allowed to drain
off, the result being garancine. The damp garancine thus remaining
on the filter is acted on by acidified alcohol, the latter having been
obtained as above-mentioned, or it may be any other alcohol mixed
with sulphuric or other acid, and heat is then applied until the boiling
point is reached. The acidified alcohol becomes saturated with coloring
matter and is received in a filter to retain the garancine that might
cscape. The filtered liquor is placed in vessels filled with cold water
where the extract deposits. The vapourized alcohol is condensed in a
refrigerant and may be used again. To the garancine powder which
remains is added water, and the mixture brought to the boiling point,
the alcohol is volatilized and used as before. Under the action of the
alcohol and of the acid the exhausted garancine undergoes. a new
garancinage, and all the coloring matter is brought out. The stuff
is received on a filter, washed with cold water until complete elimination
of the acid, and in this state gives pink and lilac shades.
The coloring extract obtained from the acidified alcohol which has
been brought into vessels containing cold water, has only to be washed
by decantation or on a filter, and can be used advantageously as a colour-
ing matter for dyeing and printing.
The processes above described are applicable to obtaining coloring
matters from garancine (made in any ordinary manner), alizarinc,
purpurine, flower of madder, spent madder, or other similar substances
derivable from madder, munjcet, and other allied roots.
IMPROVEMENTS FOR PREVENTING NOISE, BREAKAGE, AND OTHER INCONVENIENCE ARISING FROM BRINGING JUGS, DECANTERS, AND OTHER VESSELS OR ARTICLES INTO CONTACT WITH HARD SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Hamilton Gilmore at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th January 1872.
I, ARTHUR HAMILTON GILMORE, of the Junior Carlton Club, Pall
Mall, in the County of Middlesex, Commander in the Royal Navy,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
FOR PREVENTING NOISE, BREAKAGE, AND OTHER INCONVENIENCE ARISING FROM
BRINGING JUGS, DECANTERS, AND OTHER VESSELS OR ARTICLES INTO CONTACT
WITH HARD SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention as above stated is the preventing of
noise, breakage, and other inconvenience arising from bringing the
vessels or articles above referred to into contact with hard substances,
as for instance when a jug or other article is placed upon the marble
slab of a sideboard or washing stand, or on a table of mahogany or
other hard material. The said improvements also preventing scratching
or disfiguring of the slab or table; and this Invention is effectuated
by the adaptation of soft and noiseless material to the bottoms of jugs,

page_text: decanters, and other vessels or articles constructed of glass, earthenware,
or other materials of similar resonant or breakable character.
To carry out my Invention I construct the bottom of the vessel
or article with an endless groove, into which I fix india-rubber tubing
or other similar material, care being taken that the groove shall be so t
small in comparison with the bulk of the rubber or soft material that
when placed therein its pressure will cause it to fit tightly in its place
and the rubber or soft material be allowed to protrude outside the
said groove, so that the said rubber or soft material may take the
contact with the hard substance on which the vessel or article may be 1
placed.
When found necessary cements, pins, or fastening may be used in
order to ensure the rubber or soft material keeping its position in the
groove or hollow.
Sometimes instead of an endless groove I have a number of small 1
grooves or hollows into which the rubber or soft material is fitted
in manner before described, and sometimes I encase or partially
encase the bottom of the vessel or article with india-rubber or soft
material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRTS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter McIntyre at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th May
1872.
I, PETER MCINTYRE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said In,
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRTS," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its objects to improve the manufacture of
shirts by securing more complete uniformity and accuracy, and to reduce
the cost.
In carrying out the Invention the outlines of the various component
parts of the shirt are printed or stamped on the piece or pieces from
which the article is to be made, such outlines being accompanied by
letters, or other marks, references, or short directions to clearly indicate
what parts are to go together. Then instead of basting together or
otherwise temporarily or partially uniting the various parts preparatory
to their being sewed by hand or in the sewing machine, the lays, seam
strips, or overlapping parts, the lines of which are included in the

page_text: printing or stamping, are fixed together by means of starch or other
suitable adhesive substance. The starch is by preference applied in a
semi-fluid condition, aud may be at once dried by the application of a
heated iron, or in the case of curved junctions by applying the materials
to a heated Italian iron or similar instrument.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN SCREW PROPELLERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierce Francis Connelly at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd May 1872.
I, PIERCE FRANCIS CONNELLY, of Florence, in the Kingdom of Italy,
Sculptor, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SCREW PROPELLERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an arrangement by which the blades of the
screw propeller may be made to act in different directions, without any
reversion in the direction of the rotation of the main axis of the screw.
This is attained by first making the blade of the screw revolve in an
axis in itself, contained and standing at right angles to the main shaft.
At the base of the blade where it meets with the main shaft is a cog
wheel by which the blade is to be turned. The blade may be turned
by means of a circular casing exactly fitting the shaft and capable of
revolving on it and with it; at the extremity of this casing is a cog wheel
working into the wheel forming part of the propeller or blade. By
turning this casing the blade will be also turned.

page_text: The casing above described may be turned by means of another and
somewhat similar casing, acting however on the principle of the screw
or bullet in the screw of a rifle, that is, one case works upon a groove
in the other casing and also upon the main shaft; or the same result
may be obtained by a pin, the casing nearer the centre of the vessel
being moved backwards and forwards on the shaft also rotates turning
with it the other casing and the screw.
The main object of this Invention being the ready change of the
position of the propelling blade without reversing the motion of the
propeller shaft, it is obvious that this may also be effected by means of
a chain, rope, or band encircling the wheel at the bottom of the blade
and rising inside the case towards the centre of the vessel and this
arrangement might also be used simultaneously with that first described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING PUDDLING FURNACES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Howson and John
James Thomas at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 20th March 1872.
We, RICHARD Howson, of Middlesbrough-on-Tees, Engineer, and
JOHN JAMES THOMAS, of the same Place, Ironworks Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REVOLVING
PUDDLING FURNACES," to be as follows:-
It relates to that class of puddling furnaces which revolve on trunions,
and consists-
Firstly. In a mode of constructing and lining the rotating chamber
of such furnaces in a convenient and durable manner herein-after
described.
And, secondly. In a mode of working them with gascous fuel, also
hercin-after described.
In order to accomplish the first part of our Invention we unite
together at their broadest ends two hollow vessels (by preference of
wrought iron) tapering in the direction of their length, and either
circular or oval in cross section. The shape thus more or less resembles

page_text: two truncated cones fixed base to base, and we line such vessels with
wedge-shaped bricks of refractory material (by preference oxide of iron
more or less pure) which has been previously ground, moulded to the
proper shape, and burnt hard.
In order to accomplish the second part of our Invention we introduce
at one end of the rotating chamber a mixture of gas (generated in any
convenient manner) with air, one or both of which has been previously
heated in pipes or vessels situated at the other end of the said chamber
or in the uptake of the furnace.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF FORGE HAMMERS, STAMPS, OR OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER, FOR CRUSHING ORES AND OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN UTILIZING THE POWER RESULTING FROM THE ACTION OF SUCH MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Stuart Hutton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th January 1872.
I, WALTER STUART HUTTON, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF FORGE HAMMERS, STAMPS,
OR OTHER SIMILAR MACHINES WORKED BY STEAM OR OTHER MOTIVE POWER, FOR
CRUSHING ORES AND OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN UTILIZING THE POWER RESULTING
FROM THE ACTION OF SUCH MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to improvements in the arrangement and
construction of forge hammers, stamps, or other similar machines worked
by steam or other motive power, for crushing or pulverizing ores, or for
other purposes. For this purpose I place a cushion of india-rubber or
other suitable elastic substance under the anvil block, plate, or bed, the
movement produced by the compression or deflection of such elastic
substance caused by the blow of the hammer or stamp being employed
for actuating the valve gear or other apparatus connected with such
machines, or for giving motion to other mechanism independent thereof
if required.

page_text: Another part of my Invention relates to the arrangement of stamps or
machines for crushing or pulverizing ores, quartz, or other substances.
According to this part of my improvements I arrange several stamp
heads worked by steam or other motive power upon the steam hammer
principle in one grate box, the form of which may be varied. The series
of stamps or hammers may be so arranged as to strike their blow either
simultaneously or alternately in succession to suit the purpose to which
they are applied.
s, Flowers, and Foliage.
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Garrett Tongue at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th June 1872.-A communication from abroad by Joseph
Dominique Alphonse Favier, of Paris, France, Manufacturer of
Artificial Leaves, Flowers, and Foliage.
I, JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck,
Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL
FLOWERS, FOLIAGE, FRUIT, AND OTHER SIMILAR OBJECTS OR ORNAMENTS," to be
as follows:-
In manufacturing the natural ribs, colours, appearance, leaves, foliage,
and other features of flowers, fruit, and other similar objects or ornaments
various means have been employed.
Goffering apparatus with its accessories is usually employed for
making the ribs required by means of pressure.
а
In order to obtain the desired result, several implements are used by
the workman, such as nippers or other pressing instruments.

page_text: The coloured ribs are produced by a brush "tamkin" or other similar
mcans.
The tool or implement used for producing the ribs made by means of
the "tamkin," consists of a block of metal or other material on which
the engraver only leaves in relief the ribs which are intended to be
produced on the leaf or petal of the flower. On the opposite side of the
design a rod is fixed in order to move or direct the block.
65
The workman applies the colour on the ribs by means of a roller, and
also by the application of the block after it has been impregnated on a
'tamkin" of the colour which it is desired to fix. The block prepared
in this manner is carried over on the leaf or petal of the flower. A
single pressure is then sufficient to obtain the reproduction more or less
correct (but always imperfect) of the ribs which are on the block.
According to this Invention these different systems are replaced by
copper plate or other similar engraving. For this purpose a block or die
is engraved (by die sinking on suitable metal or other material having a
plain surface) with the design which it is intended to reproduce. The
block is inked, and after it is well prepared the design or pattern is
transferred on to the leaf or on to the petal of the flower by hand
pressure or by means of a press.
All colours are employed in this process, and one plate or any number
of plates may be employed with bench or register marks so as to fix or
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE QUANTITIES OF LIQUIDS WITHDRAWN FROM CASKS OR OTHER RECEPTACLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ramon Bañolas-Arnau at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd January 1872.
I, RAMON BAÑOLAS-ARNAU, of Madrid, in the Kingdom of Spain, at
present residing at No. 19, Torrington Square, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE QUANTITIES OF LIQUIDS
WITHDRAWN FROM CASKS OR OTHER RECEPTACLES," to be as follows :-
:-
This Invention has for its object the construction and arrangement of
apparatus for registering the quantities of liquids withdrawn from casks
or other receptacles in such a manner as to measure the volume so
withdrawn, and also to record the number of successive draughts which
make up that volume. For this purpose the pipe by which the liquid is
conveyed from its receptacle to the tap, valve, stop-cock, or "engine" by
which it is drawn off is fitted in any convenient place with a low pressure
liquid meter of any known construction, and this meter indicates the
total volume of liquid that passes through it. Also the moveable part
of the tap, valve, stop-cock, or "engine" by which the liquid is drawn
o

page_text: off is connected to a counter of any known construction (such as that
which is usually employed for recording the number of revolutions made
by a steam or other engine) in such manner that the counter records the
number of times the pipe is opened for the withdrawal of liquid. A
comparison of the meter indication with that of the counter forms a t
check upon the person dispensing the liquid, more especially in cases
where equal measures are drawn off successively. As in drawing off
measures of liquid there is a liability to variations in the quantity owing
to the greater or less amount of froth formed in the measure by the rush
of liquid into it, it is preferred to fit, in connection with the meter 1
and counter described above, the mouth of the discharging pipe with an
internal helix or with several internal helical blades, so that the issuing
liquid receives a rotary movement as it issues. Thus the flow instead of
being directed into the measure with a high velocity producing much
froth, is directed towards the sides of the measure and fills it gently, 1
producing a smaller and a more constant quantity of froth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BROOMS AND BRUSHES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edgar Brooks at the Office of
the Commissioners of, Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th July
1872.
I, EDGAR BROOKS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BROOMS AND BRUSHES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to prevent the noise which is
occasioned when brooms and brushes of the ordinary kind are employed
to sweep or brush staircases, rooms, or other places or things by the
striking of the said brooms and brushes against the stairs, wainscot, or
other surface as well as to prevent injury to the paint, varnish, or
material of the stairs, wainscot, or surface by the striking of the broom
or brush against it.
My said Invention consists in providing brooms and brushes with
elastic or soft ends or ends and sides, which elastic or soft ends or
ends and sides prevent injury to any surface against which the broom
or brush strikes during use, and also deaden or prevent noise in using
the broom or brush.

page_text: I prefer to carry my Invention into effect by the use of vulcanized
india-rubber tubing of small diameter, to which a web or fin of canvas
or other strong fabric is attached. Portions of this material are attached
to each end of the head of the broom or brush, a sufficient length being
employed to cover the ends and overlap portions of the sides of the
head of the broom or brush. In addition to the attaching of the said
material at the ends of the brush or broom other portions may be fixed
on the sides of the head. Or the said material may be fixed all round
the head of the broom or brush. The said material is attached by
preference by the web portion being applied to the edge of the head of
the broom or brush, and a thin strip of metal placed thereon. By
means of nails, or sprigs, or screws driven through the said strip of
metal and web, the elastic or soft material is firmly fixed to the head
of the broom or brush. In place of india-rubber leather or other soft
or yielding material may be employed, but I prefer to use india-rubber.
"
My Invention is especially applicable to brooms and such brushes as
are used for sweeping floors and horizontal surfaces, but may also be
applied to brushes in general.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKE APPARATUS FOR WHEELED VEHICLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Porter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
November 1872.
I, RICHARD PORTER, of the Steam Brewery, Whittlesford, Cam-
3 bridgeshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKE APPARATUS FOR WHEELED VEHICLES," to be as
follows:-
Heretofore in order to apply brakes to the wheels of wheeled vehicles
it has been proposed to employ a friction strap passed around the
nave of the wheel, one end of the strap being attached to an arm on
the axle and the other to a lever, by turning which the strap can
be tightened around the nave. With this arrangement of brake
apparatus each time that the brake is applied great strain is thrown
upon the spokes of the wheel where they are connected to the nave,
and consequently the apparatus has never come into general use.
According to my Invention I employ a friction strap placed around
a flange or ring which is fixed to the spokes, between the nave and
the tyre; thus, when the brake is applied no strain comes upon the

page_text: spokes where they are joined to the nave. One end of the friction
strap I attach to an arm standing out from the axle or spring, and
the other to a suitable hand lever or treadle, or other well known
means may be adopted for tightening up the friction strap around
the ring or flange which is fixed to the spokes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REFLECTORS FOR GAS AND OTHER LIGHTS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Allan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th May
1872. A communication from James Riddell, of Melbourne, in the
Colony of Victoria, Gasfitter.
I, ROBERT ALLAN, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFLECTORS FOR GAS AND OTHER LIGHTS," a communica-
tion to me by James Riddell, of Melbourne, in the Colony of Victoria,
Gasfitter, to be as follows, that is to say :—
This Invention, which relates to improvements in reflectors for gas
and other lights, consists under one arrangement in forming the
reflectors of corrugated or fluted glass backed with tin or other suitable
metal which may also be corrugated or plain. The reflector may be
constructed in any convenient form, such as a truncated pyramid or
cone, with the base downwards, in the interior of which another pyramid
or cone similarly constructed may or may not be situated with the
apex turned downwards. Above the reflector a cover or disc is placed
and which is also formed of corrugated or fluted glass covered on the

page_text: back with tin or other suitable metal. This cover or disc is by pre-
ference formed concave so as to catch the smoke and prevent it reaching
the ceiling, and at the same time it reflects perpendicularly downwards
the light which passes up through the reflector proper.
Under another arrangement of reflector the glass in lieu of being 5
backed with metal may be covered on the back with white enamel or
other reflecting material, and in lieu of employing glass as herein-before
set forth the reflector may be constructed of fluted tin or other metal,
with its surface brought to a highly polished state.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARETTES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Kerr Ibbetson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th November 1872.
I, SAMUEL KERR IBBETSON, of Saville Row, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGARETTES, AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
The improvements have for their object the speedy and economical
manufacture of cigarettes, and consist in constructing a press or presses
of any ordinary description with divisions to receive, hold, and press
tobacco into what I call charges, such charges of tobacco being at or
before the time of compression enveloped in parchment, or partially so,
by means of which they, the charges, can be drawn from the press and
passed into paper tubes, and the parchment envelope or guide afterwards
withdrawn, and the paper tube with the enclosed tobacco be trimmed off
and ready for use.

page_text: The divisions in the press may be as numerous as desired and parallel
to each other, and may be of metal, and may be lined with the moveable
parchment envelope or guide, or the parchment envelope or guide may
be otherwise inserted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFCATURE OF GAS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Chandler, senior, Samuel
Chandler, junior, and Josiah Chandler at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th October
1872.
We, SAMUEL CHANDLER, senior, SAMUEL CHANDLER, junior, and
JOSIAH CHANDLER, all of London Road, Southwark, in the County of
Surrey, Gas Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFCATURE OF GAS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus to be
used in the manufacture of gas, and consists in the use of an "angular
bridge pipe" in lieu of an arrangement which has long been used and
known as the "aitch pipe." The advantages of our Invention over and
above the old apparatus are as follows:-
:-
First. Our apparatus which is marked A, A, on the Drawing here-
unto annexed, will lessen the weight which without it is necessitated
on the hydraulic main by nearly fifty per cent.
Secondly. The cost of the apparatus will in consequence thereof be
greatly reduced.

page_text: Thirdly. We maintain and which will be understood that our "angular
bridge pipe" affords greater facility for more effectually cleansing
the ascension pipe through the fact of the flange B being brought much
nearer to the mouth piece of the retort.
Fourthly. Our "angular bridge pipe" causes less check upon the gas
as the passage into the hydraulic main is more direct.
C, D. and E, are respectively the dip pipe, hydraulic main, and
ascension pipe of apparatus in present use, and are set forth to shew
the application of our invention thereto.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES, IN THE HEATING OF OVENS AND BOILERS, PURIFYING HEAT, ECONOMISING FUEL, AND CONSUMING SMOKE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Jarman and George
Mitchell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 2nd February 1872.
We, HENRY JARMAN, of Russell Street, Brighton, and GEORGE
MITCHELL, of Saint Martin's Place, Brighton, both in the County of
Sussex, Bakers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES, IN THE HEATING OF OVENS AND BOILERS,
PURIFYING HEAT, ECONOMISING FUEL, AND CONSUMING SMOKE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
furnaces now used for heating baking ovens, steam boilers, sugar
boiling and baking, smelting, or otherwise obtaining a more perfecţ
system of combustion of inflammable substances now consumed in
ordinary furnaces, distributing more uniformly a greater and purer
heat.
Heretofore in the heating of ovens for baking purposes by furnace
it is customary to introduce the fire vapour of the combustive material
by a side orifice into and through the oven or chamber near unto the

page_text: entrance thereof, with a corresponding aperture on the opposite side, by
which means the whole of the smoke and vitiated air passes from the
oven or chamber into the chimney or shaft, leaving its sooty deposit,
impurities, and non-uniformity of heat behind.
Now our Invention consists of constructing an atmospheric chamber
in the furnace, by which means we condense the smoke and impurities,
precipitating it on the combustive fuel, and thus destroying the im-
purities therein contained, creating thereby a purer atmosphere, a saving
of fuel, a clear blast of heat, which in its course of transet towards the
oven or chamber is purified and then injected into the oven or chamber
by means of a fan jet distributing the heat uniformly, thus economising
space and improving the baking, cooking, and boiling process.
We do not confine the construction of our air chamber and fan jet of
any one material, but either of iron, plastic earth, brick, fire-clay, or
any non-fire-consuming material; also the adaption and use to all
furnaces together with form or shape.
IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PROMOTING THE COMBUSTION OF FOEL
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William France at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th October 1872.
I, JOHN WILLIAM FRANCE, of Brockholes, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PROMOTING THE COMBUSTION OF FOEL,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates principally to steam generators, and is of
advantage more particularly in cases wherein the draught of the chimney
is defective or is insufficient to cause the fuel to be properly consumed
or to be consumed to the best advantage, or in cases wherein there is a
difficulty in generating the required amount of steam.
In such cases I employ a fan to increase the force of the draught or
to create a draught, and I mount the said fan in the flue leading to the
chimney, if there be a chimney, or in the opening through which the
gases from the steam generator or generators enter the said chimney,
or in the chimney itself. I prefer to employ a screw fan for the said
purpose, such fan being similar to the screw propeller, or to certain

page_text: forms of such propeller, and I have found such form of fan to be very
suitable for the purpose. The said fan is caused to revolve at a suitable
speed, and a sufficiently powerful draught is thereby created, whereby
au inferior quality of coal may be used, and at the same time the
emission of smoke from the chimney is greatly lessened. I supply the
bearings or one or more of the bearings of the fan shaft with a constant
or nearly constant stream of water.
I may employ an arrangement of flues and dampers which will
enable me to return the products of combustion to the furnaces or to
one or more of the furnaces for a short time after my furnace has been
fired or fed with fuel, in order to still further lessen the emission of
smoke from the chimney.
AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING NOSE PEG USED IN MULES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Smith and John Lewty
at the Office of the Commissiouers of Patents, with their Petition,..
on the 14th October 1872.
We, GEORGE SMITH, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, and JOHN LEWTY, of the same place, Manager, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SELF-ACTING
NOSE PEG USED IN MULES FOR SPINNING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the spinning mule for cotton and other
fibrous substances, and consists of a self-acting nose peg whereby the
nose of the cop may be made hard and firm without the aid of the
minder during the whole build of such cop. We fix on the top of the
radius arm a bracket through which we pass or work a screw, threaded
into a collar cast to a mitre wheel; this collar works freely in the eye of
the before mentioned bracket; this screw is secured at the lower end to
an ordinary or any kind of nosc peg now in use to deflect the winding
chain.
The before mentioned bracket is made to carry a small shaft at right
angles to the screw, on the end of which we fix another mitre wheel

page_text: working into the before mentioned wheel; on to this small shaft is keyed
a ratchet wheel, and on the same is a catch lever working freely between
catch wheel and bracket; on to the upper end of such lever is the catch
finger; on the lower end of the catch lever is a balance weight.
When the mule carriage is in, the radius arm is down; the balance
weight by its own gravity keeps its own plumb position thereby acting
on the catch finger at the top end of the lever on which it is placed.
As the mule carriage comes out, the radius arm being lifted, the balance
weight keeping its plumb position allows the catch finger to pass over
one or more teeth of the catch wheel (as may be required). As the
carriage comes in, the fall of the radius arm gives action to the ratchet
wheel by the balance weight coutinuing its plumb position, thence to
the mitre wheels and screw to the "nose peg." When the mule is set
in motion the balance weight prepares itself to take a tooth (or more by
setting a moveable step) as the carriage returns, thus moving the peg
sufficient to increase the winding required by the taper of the spindle,
and keeping a perfectly tight nose.
We also work the ratchet wheel, by means of a latch fixed on the