other such Receptacles for Packing Goods of Paper, Card-board, Wood-chip, and similar Materials.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 5th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 21st Oct., 1887
other such Receptacles for Packing Goods of Paper, Card-board,
Wood-chip, and similar Materials.
I THOMAS CUTHBERT BELL of 16 Claremont Road in the city and County of
Newcastle upon Tyne, in the County of Northumberland Commercial Traveller do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This machine is intended to work either by hand or Steam power.
Although this machine is intended to form Bags or Boxes &c. for a machine or
apparatus described as An Improved Packet Blocking or Packing Machine for cocoa,
spices, starch and similar substances, Letters Patent for which was granted to me,
bearing date the 10th day of April A.D. 1884 No. 6211, it is also intended to form
Bags Boxes &c. to pack goods on the ordinary Block System of Packing, and also to
form Bags Boxes, &c. for the purpose of Sale.
This machine is intended to form Bags Boxes, &c. from one piece of material
(Paper, Card-Board Wood-Chip or any other similar material) or to form one Bag or
Box, &c. at a time, from a combination of these materials as desired according to the
nature of the goods to be packed.
Each Bag or Box will be formed on a block of wood the size and shape required.
This will form the foundation of the Bag or Box, around which the material forming
the Bag or Box will wrap, this piece of wood will be called the "Block."
This "Block" will gradually slope at one end to form a handle for the operator to
hold, the other part being the demensions, and form the Bag or Box will be required
to take.
On this "Block," between the handle of the "Block" and the part to form the Bag
will be a heel or projection on the under side, so that when the "Block" is placed
upon the paper this heel will act as a check or gauge to prevent the "Block" going
further on to the paper than is required.

page_text: On the top and front part of this machine, at each side of that portion where the
heel of the Block" is placed, will be raised perpendicular sides, about the hight of
the "Block" when it is in its position on the paper, these perpendicular elevations
will be about one inch in thickness, and will slope towards each side of the machine,
this is intended as a gauge in addition to the heel on the "Block," to enable the
operator to place the "Block" quickly on the paper.
.of
Another similar piece of wood to the "Block" will form a Table on which the piece
paper or other material to forin the Bag or Box will be laid.
When the paper is placed on this Table the "Block" will then be placed on the
paper, and a Handle will be raised by the operator, this in its action will raise two
side pieces of wood. These side pieces are angular in shape, so as to fold the paper
against the two sides of the "Block," and over the top side also. These will be
termed the side wrappers.
Both of theso side wrappers when up will form an anglo over the "Block," but one
will be a little longer than its duplicate, so as to allow the pasted part of the paper to
overlap the side that is not pasted.
One side of the paper or Chip will be pasted or glued, the two sides being folded
over the "Block," the unpasted side coming down first, the pasted side will fall upon
the top of the unpasted side, and the two will thus adhere together forming the length
of the Bag or Box.
The two side wrappers will open or fall back into their first position by their own
gravity, being attached to the Table or duplicate block by hinges running two-thirds
of their length.
These hinges being placed horizontally below the level of the Table or duplicate
block, at about the same depth as the thickness of the "Block."
The formation of the end, and end sides of the Bag or Box which is the bottom,
will be as follows:-
After the paper is joined by the side wrappers previously mentioned, a swinging
block will be acted on by a Steel tongue, hanging from a bar across the Handle,
which will cause the swinging block to fall downwards towards the Table or duplicato
block when the Handle is raised up, thus forming what may be called the first
end fold.
This steel tongue or lever will swing on a bar across the Handle, which will be the
fulcrum bar, another bar a little above the fulcrum bar will act as a
bearing bar to
give power to the tongue to force the Swinging Block forward towards the Table or
duplicate block.
This Swinging block or end folder being weighted will fall back into its original
position after the steel tongue has sliped past it.
The Handle which is shaped similar to a childs perambulator handle, will work on
a cross bar fixed through the front body of the machine below the Table or duplicate
block.
This Handle two or three inches from its axle will have two circular pieces of wood
bolted to it, one on each side just under the side wrappers, from a half inch to three
inches in thickness according to the size of the machine.
When the Handle is raised, these pieces of circular wood will rise the side wrappers
which forms the length of the Bag or Box.
One of these circular pieces of wood will be larger in size or diameter as required,
than the other, so that the side wrapper carrying up the unpasted side of the paper
over the "Block" will be thrown up first, thus allowing the pasted side of the paper
to fold over it by coming up later when the Handle has been raised to its per-
pendicular position.
To form the folds which will shape the side ends at the bottom of the Bag, after
the swinging block or folder has fallen back to its original position, two small
rectangular pieces of wood will be fixed to the bottom end of the side folders or
wrappers, by means of hinges fixed vertically, so that the motion of forming the Bag
or Box will be as follows:-
The paper after being pasted will be placed upon the Table or duplicate block.

page_text: The Block will be laid upon the paper and pressed forward to its place, the heel
or projection on the underside of the "Block" gauging its position.
The Handle will then be raised towards the operator from the back of the machine.
The axle of the Handle being to the front of the machine the Handle is raised to a
5 perpendicular position, while this is being done, first one flap or side wrapper, and
then the other is raised and folded round the "Block" by means of the two circular
pieces of wood attached to the Handle.
Nearly simultaneously with the raising of the Handle, and folding of the side
wrappers, the swinging block or folder is acted on by the steel tongue hanging from
the steel bar attached to the Handle, and thus being forced down will form the first
fold at the bottom of the Bag.
After this the operator will let go the Handle which will fall back into its former
position, the tongue not being impeded by the bearing bar in falling back will slide
over the swinging block or folder, and fall into its original place with the Handle.
When the operator lets the Handle fall back, he grasps the two side folders or
wrappers with his left hand, and keeps them in their position around the "Block," then
with the other hand he folds the side ends of the Bags by means of the rectangular
blocks fixed to the bottom ends of the side wrappers.
The end of the side wrappers or folders near the vertical hinges being beveled so as
to leave a corner on each side of the side end folders to project beyond the side
wrappers, these being articulations for the operator to move forward to form the
folds.
This being done by simply pressing them forward with the fingers, they springing
back of their own accord by means of an elastic ring fixed to each, and to the side
wrappers, or by a Steel Spring.
The operatar then lets go the side wrappers or folders, and raises the "Block" up
on to its end which folds or turns up the last or outside fold of the bottom of the Bag
which is then completed.
This machine will be boxed within an outside case with a bottom or floor, and
this floor will be firmly fixed to the work table. The sides of the outside case will be
cut away at the back with a circular sweep to allow of the Handle being eaisly
clutched when worked by hand, or to allow of its movements being acted upon by
Steam power.
the
The Pasting is arranged as follows:-
To paste the side of the Bag, a tin to contain paste the full length of that side of
paper it is intended to paste, and about one inch in thickness by four or five inches
high is provided, this being a medium size.
In the bottom of this tin or paster, a slit will be cut lengthways, and about one third
of the thickness of the tin or paster in width or of such a size as required to admit a
gentle flow of paste.
This tin or paster will fit into two grooves, cut one on each sido at the back part of
a Box. This box will be large enough to allow the papers forming the Bags &c. to lie
flat within it.
The front part of this box will slope downwards nearly flush with the bottom, to
allow the papers to be drawn out quickly from under the paste tin.
The paper to be pasted will be put into this box in sufficient quantity to make a
number of Bags, the papers being the exact size required the Box will be made
exactly to accommodate the papers.
The paste holder or tin being in the grooves at the back of the box will rest upon
the top of the papers, so that when the top paper is drawn out to be used to form a
Bag, the succeeding piece of paper will then be acted upon by the paste ousing
through the Slit in the bottom of the tin, as the tin will press upon the papers one
after the other as they are drawn out, the tin sliding in the grooves.
This box and paster is fixed to the right side of the Machine, on a level as near as
possible with the folders.
When the bottom end of the Bags or Boxes require to be pasted (which will not in
every case necessarily be required when they are used for my Patent Packing

page_text: Machine, and for ordinary Block Packing) the Swinging Block which is also called
the end folder will be hollow, and filled with paste or any other adhesive substance
required to fix the joints, there will also be a hole or holes in the front, in the sides,
and at the top of this Swinging block or folder, so that when the steel tongue thrown
this folder suddenly forward it will throw or force the paste through these holes,
causing the required quantity of pasto or other adhesive substance to exude on to the
places requred on the Bag or Box so that the folds may adhere.
The pasting arrangements of this machine to form these Bags Boxes, &c. i.e. the
Box, and tin pasto holder may be used to paste papers to form Bags by hand on the
old system.
Dated this 17th day of January 1887.

page_text: An Improved Machine or Apparatus for Making Bags, Boxes, and
other such Receptacles for Packing Goods of Paper, Card-board,
Wood-chip, and similar Materials.
I, THOMAS CUTHBERT BELL, of 16, Claremont Road, in the city and county of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county of Northumberland, Commercial Traveller,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This machine is intended to he worked either by hand or steam power.
Although the machine constructed according to this invention, is specially applicable
to form bags or boxes &c. to be used in a machine or apparatus similar to that
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me and bearing date the
10th day of April 1884. No. 6211, yet it may also advantageously be used for forming
bags or boxes &c. into which goods are to be packed by the ordinary block system of
packing, also for forming bags, boxes, &c. for the purposes of sale.
The machine hereinafter described is intended to form a bag or box from one piece
of paper, card-board, wood-chip, or other suitable material or to form a bag or box
from a combination of these materials according to the nature of the goods to be
packed.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
how the same can be carried into practical effect by reference to the accompanying
drawings in which figures 1, 2, and 3 are respectively a side elevation, an underside
plan, and an end elevation of a block upon which the bags or boxes are formed by my
improved machine; figure 4 is a plan of the machine the several parts being repre-
sented in their normal or open position; figure 5 is a side elevation of the machine
with one side of the case removed, the full lines illustrating the machine in its normal
or open position and the dot-and-dash lines illustrating the position of the parts whon
the handle has been raised; figure 6 is a similar view to figure 5 but showing the last
mentioned position of the parts in full lines; figure 7 is a transverse section taken on
the line A B of figure 6; figure 8 is a front elevation and figure 9 is a view partly
in side elevation and partly in vertical section of the portion of my apparatus by
which the pieces of paper or other material for forming the bags or boxes are pasted
or coated with adhesive substance; figures 10 to 15 are views illustrating the various
stages of manufacture of the bags or boxes. Similar letters of reference indicate
similar parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.
a, figures 1, 2, 3, and 7 represents a block around which the paper or other material
is wrapped by my bag or box-forming machine in order to form a bag or box and b,
represents the handle with which the block a, is provided so as to enable it to be held
by the operator; c, represents a projection or heel with which the block
a, is provided
on its underside, and d, d, figure 4, represent the vertical sides of a recess e, into

page_text: which fits the heel c, and portion of the block a, immediately above it, the said heel c,
abutting against the back of the recess e, when the block a, is in its proper position
upon the machine thereby forming a stop or gauge to prevent the block
from being
placed further on the sheet of paper or other material than is required; /, represents
a table or block on which the said paper or other material is placed and g, is the handle
of the machine; h, h, represent side pieces or wrappers which are operated when the
handle is raised in the manner hereinafter described and are for the purpose of
folding or wrapping over the parts of the sheet of paper or other material to form the
sides of the bag or box, the side wrapper marked , being a little longer than that
marked, as shewn clearly at figure 7, so as to allow the pasted edge of the paper or
other material to overlap the other edge which is not pasted; i, i, i, i, are hinges by
which the side wrappers h, h¹, are connected to the table, the said hinges being
placed horizontally below the level of the surface of the said table; j, represents a
swinging block which is pivotted at k, as shewn in dotted lines at figures 4 and 5, in
stationary brackets 1, 1, and serves to effect what may be termed the first end fold
of the bag or box after the side wrappers have operated; m, represents a steel tongue
for operating the swinging block j, as the handle is raised and n, is a bar upon which
it is secured, the said bar itself being supported and pivotted in the side
frames g', g', of the handle 7; o, represents a bearing bar against which the short
or upper end m³, of the tongue m, abuts at the time that force is required for
moving the swinging block, on to the table f; w, is an anti-friction roller carried
in the lower end of the said tongue m, at the part which bears upon and moves
over the block j; p,p, represent weights which are secured to the lower end of the
swinging block, to cause it to return to its normal position immediately after it is
released from the tongue m, which it is before the handle has been completely
moved forward; q, is the axle or pivot of the handle g, which pivot as shewn clearly
at figure 7, passes through the block or base r, of the table f; s, sl, represent two
circular pieces bolted or otherwise suitably secured to the frames g', g', of the handle g,
and which pieces, when the handle is raised, bear upon the underneath sides of the
open side wrappers h, and h¹, and raise them into their closed position over the
block a; the circular piece s, is larger than the piece s', so that the side wrapper h,
will be raised before the side wrapper ', for the purpose hereinafter described;
t, t, represent what I call side-end folders for folding over the ends at each side of the
bag or box, the folders t, t', are connected to the ends of the side wrappers h, h³, respec-
tively by the hinges u, u; the folders t, t', are operated by the motion of the handle,
during the time it is returning to its normal position. For this purpose secure
plate, ¹, to the outer sides of the folders t, t, and recess the side wrappers h, h', to
receive the said plates, ¹; y, y, represent flat steel springs secured to the side
wrappers h, h, so as to force the forward ends of the plates r,, out from the before
mentioned recesses; ,, are spring arms secured to the circular pieces s, s',
respectively and so arranged as to catch the slightly projecting ends of the plates .r,
and force them outwards, when moving downwards, and when moving upwards to
force the said plates (against the pressure of the springs y, y) wholly into their
recesses; u, v, represent springs consisting of india-rubber rings (or they may be steel
springs), for causing the return of the side-end folders (, t', to their normal position
after they have been acted upon by the spring arms, ².
9,
I sometimes operate the sille-end folders, t, by hand, and in this case 1 bevil off
one of the corners of each side wrapper h, h', which admits of the operator readily
pressing, with his thumbs, upon the corners of the folders t, t, thus exposed;
a², represents a projection or block which is secured to the tongue m, and which, by
resting on the swinging block (when the handle g, is being returned to its normal
position) raises the lower end of the said tongue m, out of contact with the side-end
folders, t; 2, represents the machine case which is cut away at the back as shewn
clearly at figures 5 and 6 so as to allow of the handle g, being readily operated by
hand or steam power.
In order to paste the edge of each sheet of paper or other material previously
to it being placed on the folding machine I find it advantageous to make use of.

page_text: the pasting apparatus shown at figures 8 and 9. This apparatus consists of a tin c²,
for containing a supply of paste or other mucilage, the tin being formed with a
longitudinal slit in the bottom e², as shewn in figure 9; ³, f², represent grooves
in which the tin c, slides, the said grooves, being formed in the sides of
the box or case y³, and 2, is the moveable bottom or floor of the said box or
case which bottom or floor is supported by india-rubber rings,, (or by spiral
springs placed below the floor h³) so that it can adjust its position to the weight
of the pile of paper 2. The tin c³, rests on the edge of the uppermost sheet of
the pile which edgo thereby receives a portion of paste coming through the
slit in the bottom of the tin c². The papers in the paster must always bo
approximately level with the top of the bag machine; when the paster is filled
with papers the floor will be at the bottom of the case and as the papers are
used the india-rubber rings or the spiral springs as the case may be will force
the floor up and always keep the papers approximately level with the top of the
machine.
To make a bag or box by means of apparatus of the construction hereinbefore
described, a sheet is drawn off from the pile of paper (figures 8 and 9) in the
pasting apparatus and the parts of the folding machine being in the position
shewn in figures 4 and 5, the pasted sheet is laid over and across the table f
so that its pasted edge is at the right hand side thereof, the pasted surface
being uppermost. The block a is then laid upon the sheet of paper and held by
one hand of the operator in its proper position, that is to say, with the heel c
in the recess e.
The operator with his other hand then raises and draws forward
the handle and the circular pieces bearing against the under-side of the sido
wrapper causes it to move upwards on its hinge and assume the position shewn
clearly at figure 7 and the part of the sheet of paper beyond the left-hand side
of the block a will be thereby brought up and partly over the block. At this
stage the circular piece s', or the portion of the spring arm, theroon having
come in contact with the side wrapper h', the latter is moved up in a manner
similar to that of the wrapper h, into the position shewn in figure 7, and the
pasted edge of the paper is thereby laid, with its pasted surface downwards, upon
the exposed edge previously turned up by the side wrapper h. By this time the
tongue m, will have come into contact with the upper part of the swinging
block, and by bearing against the bar o, forces the said block into the position
in which it is represented in dotted lines at figure 5, and thereby causes the
paper, which is being formed into a bag or box to assume the shape shewn in
plan at figure 10 and in side and end elevation at figures 11 and 12 respectively,
the block j, immediately after being released from the tongue m, falling back into its
normal position. The operator then leaves hold of the handle b, of the block a,
and with his disengaged hand, holds the side wrappers h, and h³, in their raised
position until the side ends are folded in. This, as hereinbefore described, may
be effected by hand but in the machine shewn at figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, it is
effected as follows, the handle g, being moved backward the spring arm, forces
the forward end of the plate, outwards and consequently the side-end folder t,
is moved inwards and thus folds in one side-end of the partly formed bag or
box; the folder t, immediately the arm, has passed it, is drawn by its spring v,
back into its normal position. The arm, having by this time come into contact
with the projecting end of the plate, the latter is caused to operate in a manner
similar to that herein-last described with the result, that the second side-end being
folded, the bag or box being formed assumes the shape shewn in side and end
clevations at figures 13 and 14 respectively. The handle g, having been returned
to its normal or lowered position, the operator with one hand holds the side
wrappers h, and h', in position until, with his other hand he can grasp the handle b,
of the block a when these side wrappers being released they will immediately fall
into their normal position and the block a, being then raised on its end and pressed
down, the last fold will be given to the bag or box an end elevation of which thus
completed is represented at figure 15.

page_text: When it is required to paste the bottom ends of bags or boxes made in the manner
herein-last described I form the swinging block j, hollow so as to contain a supply
of paste or other adhesive material, and I form a hole or holes in the front, in each
of the sides, and at the top of the said hollow swinging block. When this swinging
block is thrown suddenly forward by the tongue m, sufficient paste will pass out
through the holes and on to the adjacent paper surfaces to ensure them being
cemented together when folded over each other.
It is obvious that the apparatus represented at figures 8 and 9, besides being used
for the purpose hereinbefore described may be employed for pasting papers which are
to be used for forming bags by hand on the old system.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The herein described construction of apparatus for pasting the edges of sheets
of paper or other material to form bags or boxes substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In a machine for making bags or boxes from paper or other similar material the
combination with a suitable tablo or block of hinged side wrappers operated by
suitable mechanical means and adapted to fold the sides of the sheet of material
around or over a removeable block substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in figures 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In a machine for making bags or boxes from paper or other similar material the
arrangement whereby the first portion of the end of the material is folded in after the
latter has been operated on by the side wrappers substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a machine for making bags or boxes from paper or other similar material the
combination with side wrappers operating as and for the purpose set forth of side-
end folders hinged to the said side wrappers and serving to fold in the side portions
of the end of the material after having been operated on by the side wrappers and
swinging block substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in figures 4, 5,
and 6. of the accompanying drawings.
5. The improved folding machine or apparatus for making bags or boxes from
paper or other similar material as herein before described and represented in figures 1
to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 5th da... 1007
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.