Improvements in Tools or Apparatus for Cutting Cloth and other Materials.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 18th May, 1897-Accepted, 17th July, 1897
Improvements in Tools or Apparatus for Cutting Cloth and other
Materials.
GEORGE COLE BOROUGHS of Almeric House, Almeric Road London S. W. Gentleman
and JOHN JACKSON of 63 Leysprings Road Leytonstone London E. Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
We construct our invention principally of metal. We form a frame either by
moulding or stamping out from sheet metal. In shape we form it as an upper and
a lower part and connect the parts together by a neck or narrow strip at the back.
The upper part we shape over the rear part and on its projecting end we affix a
suitable handle for steering and guiding the apparatus, or in some cases we form a
handle thereon. We form the lower part taper from its front so that the material
to be severed may be lifted to the cutters, and near the neck connection in the lower
part of the frame we house or case a circular cutter having a tapered and sharpened
edge. To the said cutter we secure a gear wheel of smaller diameter than the
cutter; the said gear wheel we gear and connect to other gear wheels; we increase
the number of teeth of the last wheel so that increased or multiplied rotation may
be given to the cutter and that the wheels will cause the cutter to rotate in an
opposite direction to the last or larger gear wheel we secure the said gear wheel to
a larger or driving wheel on the periphery of which we sometimes secure rubber or
other discs. We place the gear wheels in front of the lower cutter and project the
line of the driving wheel below the edge of the frame so that it may run or rotate
upon a table or cutting board. The cutter and wheels may run loosely on headed
pins or screws, or inay be centre pivotted between two sides. In the upper part of
the frame is pivotted parallel and perpendicularly opposite the lower cutter a short
spindle having a similar cutting disc at or near one end thereof; such cutting disc
having an opposite taper on its cutting edge, and is so pivotted that a small portion
of its flat edge will press against a small portion of the Hat edge of the lower cutter.
We keep them pressed together by pivotting the upper spindle between two arms
or brackets which we secure to the upper part of the frame, and on the arm at the
cutting disc end of the spindle we form a peg pivot to fit and rise into a parallel
hole centrally in the cutting disc, or vice versa. The end of this arm may be carried
downwards and its point used as a sight indicator to shew the exact seat of severing
the material.
The opposite bracket we form as a spring arm having near its end a centre screw
upon which rotates the opposite end of the spindle. We form this centre screw as
a thumb screw, and lock nut, that the pressure against the cutting edges may be
regulated for the purpose of cutting thick or thin material.
For the purpose of feeding or drawing the material between, and evenly up to
the edges of the cutting discs a thin flat disc of flexible rubber or other suitable
material may be affixed on each of the outer sides of the cutting disc, such rubber
discs may be slightly larger in diameter than the cutting discs to ensure a firm and

page_text: even feed of the cloth or other material to the cutters, when the tool is in operation
and by this simple feed device the material is free when the tool is not in
operation.
We form a free opening in the upper part of the frame between the top of the
upper cutter and the handle formation and a free opening between the bottom of
the lower cutter and the table or cutting board up to the periphery of the driving
so that the divided material may pass over and under the cutters and thus cut sharp
angles either to the right or to the left of the operator.
It will thus be seen that when the tool or apparatus is pushed or propelled on a
board or cutting table the driving wheel is rotated and communicates motion to the
lower cutter by means of the gearing, the upper cutter being rotated by the pressure
on the edge of the lower cutter. When at the same time if the material is brought
against the front of the cutter it will be drawn between the cutting discs by means
of the feeding rubber discs or other described means and severed. In some cases
or modifications of our invention, the lower cutting disc may be adjusted and the
upper cutting disc remain set, also the peg pivot and sight arm abolished by
rotating the upper cutting disc in a free bush in or on a fixed spindle (having a cone
formation at its back end) secured to the spring arm formed from or affixed to the
upper part of the frame. In some cases for the purpose of ensuring the feeding of
the material to the cutters we gear or attach by friction to the driving wheel a
separate roller which will stand slightly above the lower part of the frame and so
propel the cloth forward when the tool is in operation or the frame may be hinged
at the neck to bring the rubber discs together and so grip the material, or a pawl
may be hinged in the lower part of the frame and rest against the upper cutter for
the purpose of increasing the grip upon thick material and for the purpose of
enabling the cutters to run upon a fixed pin with a minimised amount of friction
we place balls or a friction wheel or wheels between the frame or spring and the
cutters.
JOHN JACKSON.
G. C. BOROUGHS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools or Apparatus for Cutting Cloth and other
Material.
We GEORGE COLE BOROUGHS Gentleman of 44 Almeric Road Battersea Rise, in
the County of Surrey England and JOHN JACKSON Engineer of the same addresses
late of 63, Leysprings Road, Leytonstone, Essex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our said invention relates to the construction of tools or apparatus for cutting
cloth and other material, and has for its object the production of simple tools that
may be easily operated in cutting or shearing through various materials, either in
straight, curved, or angular continuous cuts without the labour of the ordinary
scissors or shears.
In order that our invention may be properly and clearly understood we will
proceed by referring to the annexed sheet of drawings to fully describe the same.
Figure 1 shows a front side view of a tool constructed according to our said
invention.
Figure 2 shows a front end elevation of our said invention.
Figure 3 shows a top plan view of our said invention.
In the Figures 1 2 and 3 the frame of our invention is marked A and shown as a

page_text: metal casting though it may be formed up from sheet metal. On the upper part of
the frame we affix, or form a suitable handle marked B for the purpose of guiding
or steering the apparatus.
We form the lower part of the frame taper from its front upwards, so that the
material to be severed may be lifted to the cutters marked respectively C the upper
one, and C¹ the lower one, and near the neck connection in the lower part of the
frame we house in a circular recess in the frame the lower cutter having a tapered
and sharpened edge. To the said cutter we secure a gear wheel marked D of
smaller diameter than the said cutter, the said gear wheel we gear into a larger gear
wheel marked D1 so that increased or multiplied rotation be given to the cutter,
which rotates on and against a centre pointed pin marked E. The larger gear wheel
marked D¹ we secure to the end of a bush marked D2 so that the said bush will
rotate upon a fixed pin marked El which is rivetted to the frame. At the outer
and opposite end of the bush we secure a driving wheel marked F on the periphery
of which we secure a tyre marked F of flexible rubber or other suitable material.
We project a portion of the tyre Fi below the lower edge of the frame so that it
may run or rotate upon a table or cutting board. We keep the driving wheel in
position on the fixed pin by the thumb screw marked G. In a recess in the upper
part of the frame we pivot parallel and perpendicularly opposite a similar upper
cutter marked C having an opposite taper on its cutting edge to cutter Ct and is so
suspended that a small portion of its flat edge will press against and overlap at the
part marked C2 a small portion of the flat edge of the lower cutter marked C¹. We
keep them pressed together by a short spiral spring marked H which rides in a hole
formed in the extended pin of the thumb screw marked H' on the said extended pin
the upper cutter C rotates and to minimise the frictional pressure of the coiled
spring we attach to its end a small centre pointed plug marked H' whose point will
press against the end of the bearing in the upper cutter.
The thumb screw
marked H1 is screwed into a hollow boss marked H³ formed upon the frame, and
may be regulated by a lock nut if desired. For the purpose of feeding or drawing
the material between, and evenly up to the edges of the cutting discs, a thin layer
disc of bristles marked C³ or other suitable material is affixed between the small
gear wheel and the outer side of the lower cutter C¹. We form a free opening
marked I in the upper part of the frame, between the top of upper cutter and the
handle formation, and a free opening marked I between the bottom of the lower
cutter and the table or cutting board up to the tyre on the periphery of the driving
wheel so that the divided material may pass over or under the cutters, and thus cut
angles either to the right or left of the operator. It will thus be seen that when the
tool or apparatus is pushed or propelled on a board or cutting table the driving
wheel is rotated and communicates motion to the lower cutter by means of the
gearing, and the rotation of the upper cutter is effected by the frictional pressure
on the edge of the lower cutter, when at the same time if the material to be severed
is brought against the front part of the cutters marked C³ it will be drawn between
the cutting discs by means of the feeding bristles and severed.
The construction of our completed invention is such that the operator in using
has an unimpeded sight and may tilt the apparatus over to the right on the driving
wheel, and by so doing bring the seat of severing the material nearer the cutting
board which greatly facilitates the cutting of curves and angles. The material is
always normally free, and falls upon the cutting board when severed.
It is obvious that there are various modifications of detail in the construction of
our invention and additions such as an extra driving wheel or feeding discs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
The improvements in Tools or apparatus for cutting cloth and other material in

page_text: straight, curved or angular continuous cuts, as set forth and described in reference
to and shown by Figure 1 and Figure 2 and Figure 3.
10
51007
JOHN JACKSON.
GEORGE COLE BOROUGHS.