IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR GUMMING OR VARNISHING PAPER, CARDBOARD, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS to be as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: I, WILLIAM WALLACE, of 2 Albion Buildings, Aldersgate Street London in the
County of Middlesex, Paper Gummer and Varnisher do hereby declare the nature
of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR GUMMING OR VARNISHING
PAPER, CARDBOARD, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS to be as follows:-
"
My Invention relates to machines for gumming or varnishing paper, cardboard,
or similar materials.
Many machines of this class as heretofore constructed have been capable of
gumming or varnishing only a continuous roll of paper, for the reason that when
the paper ceased to pass beneath the gumming roller the gum or varnish thereon
soiled the pressure roller beneath it. Machines have been also used for gumming
separate pieces of paper but in this case gripper fingers were used for bolding the
sheet, as in a printing machine, whereby the parts of the paper beneath the grippers
were not gummed.
L
The object of my invention is to overcome these difficulties and to construct a
machine in which single pieces of paper such as tickets or labels can be readily
gummed over their whole surfaces.
According to my said invention I provide a suitable frame upon which are
mounted the gumming roller and the pressure roller.
On the ends of the frame are mounted guide rollers over which pass endless
webs or tapes. The said guide rollers are adjusted so that their upper surfaces are
somewhat below the upper surface of the pressure roller when in its normal
position for a purpose hereinafter described.
The pressure roller is preferably of larger diameter than the gumming roller in
order to enable it to gum pieces of paper of considerable size. Upon each end of
the pressure roller is secured a cam rib which is adapted to impinge against a
roller fixed upon the frame. The pressure roller is provided with bearings which
slide in slots in the main frame. As the pressure roller is being rotated the said
cam-ribs on the ends thereof impinge against the rollers on the frame whereby the
said pressure roller is raised towards the gumming roller above it.
The said cam surfaces are of the same length as the pieces of paper which it is
desired to gum, so that immediately a piece of paper is gummed the pressure roller
will drop out of contact with the gumming roller and be thereby prevented from
becoming soiled.

page_text: The said webs or tapes are in contact with both the upper and lower surfaces of
the pressure roller; by reason, however, of the arrangement of the guide rollers
below the level of the pressure roller, the tapes, as the pressure roller falls, also
drop out of contact with the gumming roller, this movement being rendered more
positive by the pressure of the underside of the said pressure-roller upon the webs
or tapes.
When the machine is to be used for gumming continuous strips of paper the said
cam ribs extend entirely around the ends of the pressure roller so that the latter is
constantly held in a raised position against the gumming roller.
In order to provide a positive feed for the paper to be gummed I arrange two
feed-rollers between which the endless tapes or webs pass.
The lower of these feed rollers is fixed while the upper one is adapted to be
raised vertically. For this purpose the said roller is mounted upon levers, one end
of each of which is pivotted to the frame of the machine. The free end of the said
levers are acted upon by cams on the ends of the pressure roller, so that the said
movable feed roller is raised whenever the said cams impinge against the ends of
the said levers.
On one or both of the said levers are fixed stops which, when the feed roller is
raised, project between the endless webs or tapes and prevent the paper from being
moved forward. When, however, the said movable roller drops to feed forward a
piece of paper the said stops are. simultaneously moved below the level of the said
endless tapes or weba.. If desired the said stops may be mounted on an independent
lever operated by a separate cam.
The said endless tapes or webs serve chiefly to carry forward the paper after it
has been gummed.
Suitable fingers may be arranged to adjust the sheet to the proper position.
In order to adapt the machine to gum pieces of paper of different widths the
gumming roller is made in sections so that it can be made wider or narrower as
desired.
ན
The gum is fed to the gumming roller from a suitable reservoir by means of a
series of rollers (arranged in a similar manner to the inking rollers of a printing
machine) whereby the gum is evenly distributed.
To prevent the paper, after it has been gummed, from adhering to the surface of
the gumming roller a number of threads pass under the latter and extend
tangentially therefrom over suitable guide rollers.
The various rollers may be driven by belts or gearing in any suitable manner.
•

page_text: I, WILLIAM WALLACE, of 2 Albion Buildings, Aldersgate Street, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Paper Gummer and Varnisher do hereby declare the nature
of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR GUMMING OR VARNISHING
PAPER, CARDBOARD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS" and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to machines for gumming or varnishing paper, cardboard or
similar materials.
Machines of this class have been constructed which are capable of gumming or
varnishing a continuous strip of paper or similar material, but which are not
adapted for gumming or varnishing short pieces or sheets, such as tickets or labels,
because there is no provision for preventing the transfer of gum or varnish from
the gumming roller to the pressure roller, after a sheet or piece of paper has been
gummed or varnished. Machines have, moreover, in some cases, been made for
gumming short pieces or sheets of paper or similar material, but these machines
are objectionable by reason of the necessity for employing gripper-fingers for holding
the said pieces or sheets, as in a printing machine, which gripper-fingers cover parts
of the paper and prevent the application of gum or varnish thereto.
The main object of my invention is to provide a machine in which short pieces
or sheets of paper or similar material, such as tickets or labels, can be readily
gummed or varnished over their whole surfaces, and in which the gum or varnish
will not be transferred from the gumming roller to the pressure roller after a sheet
or piece of paper has been gummed or varnished.
My said invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and
Figure 2, an end elevation, partly in vertical section, of my improved machine.
Figure 3 is an end view of the pressure-roller of the said machine.
Like letters refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.
a is the frame of the machine, 6 is the gumming roller, which is supported in
bearings 61 b in the said frame. c is the pressure-roller, which is supported in
bearings c, c resting upon springs d and capable of sliding up and down in slots
in the said frame. At each end of the frame a is a guide-roller e Endless webs or
tapes are passed around these guide-rollers and over and under the pressure-
roller c, for the purpose of feeding forward the sheets or pieces of paper to be
gummed or varnished.
The pressure-roller c is preferably made considerably larger in diameter than the
gumming roller to permit sheets or pieces of paper of large dimensions to be gummed
by the machine.
The pressure-roller c is normally out of contact with the gamming roller b, and
the following means are provided for automatically raising it towards the gumming
roller, when a sheet or piece of paper is fed between the said rollers, that
is to say-Upon each end of the pressure-roller c are secured the cam-pieces or
segments g, g¹ which, during a portion of each revolution of the said pressure-roller,

page_text: are in contact with a roller / fixed on a shaft h* carried in bearings h¹, h² in
the frame a.
The rollers h, acting upon the segments g, g¹, raise the pressure-roller towards the
gumming roller above it. The said segments g, g¹ are made adjustable to permit the
length of time during which they are in contact with the roller h to be regulated
according to the length of the sheets or pieces of paper to be gummed or varnished,
so that, immediately. a piece of paper has been gummed or varnished, the pressure
roller will drop away from the gumming roller. The transfer of gum or varnish
from the gumming roller to the pressure-roller is thus prevented.
The segments g, g¹ are formed with curved slots g³ through which are passed the
bolts g³ which secure them in place on the roller c.
The bearings h¹, h³ are fitted, with a capability of sliding up and down, in slots in
the frame a. The rollers h can, therefore, be adjusted relatively to the pressure-
roller. This adjustment is effected by means of a bent lever i, which is pivotted
at and carries an antifriction roller . The end of the long arm of this lever has
a stud or projection adapted to enter one of a series of holes k¹ in a segment k
secured to the frame a and thus hold the said lever in any desired position.
The guide-rollers e are so arranged that the upper part of the periphery of each
roller is on a level with the upper part of the periphery of the pressure-roller c,
when the latter is in its lowest position. Therefore, when the said pressure-roller
is raised as above described, the upper portions of the webs or tapes f will be lifted
by the pressure-roller above the level of the guide-rollers and, when the pressure-
roller falls, the webs or tapes f will drop out of contact with the gumming roller.
The separation of the webs or tapes from the gumming roller is ensured by the
downward pressure exerted by the roller c upon them, when the said roller falls.
The machine shown in the drawings is driven through the medium of a pulley
connected by a belt m with a pulley n fixed on one end of the axle of the pressure-
roller c. On the other end of this axle is fixed a grooved pulley o around which is
passed a belt or cord p. This belt or cord is also passed around grooved pulleys q
fixed on the axles of the guide-rollers e for the purpose of transmitting motion
thereto.
The paper to be gummed is laid upon the endless webs or tapes f and is thereby
fed between the rollers b, c. In order to arrest the movement of the sheets or
pieces of paper, when they have been fed forward into position to be gummed or
varnished, a series of stops r are provided, which are carried by levers 8 and which
normally project upward between the webs or tapes f; and on each end of the
pressure-roller is fixed a cam-piece t. These cam-pieces, at the proper time (that is
to say just before the pressure-roller is raised or simultaneously with the raising
thereof), act upon the levers 8 and withdraw the series of stops from between the
webs or tapes. The levers 8 are connected with the frame a by springs u, which,
by their reaction, move the said levers back to their original positions after the
cam-pieces t have ceased to act upon them.
To prevent the adhesion of the paper (after it has been gummed or varnished) to
the surface of the gumming roller b, a series of endless threads v are passed around
the latter and around a roller w carried by brackets w¹ secured to the frame a.
The gum is fed from a suitable reservoir into a trough x, from which it issues
through a narrow slit upon the roller y, whereby it is evenly distributed upon the
gumming roller b.
If it is desired to use the machine for gumming continuous strips of paper, the
segments g, g¹, are extended entirely around the ends of the pressure-roller, or a
ring or annular piece is substituted for the said segments, so that the pressure-roller
will be constantly held up against the gumming roller.
In order to adapt the machine for gumming or varnishing pieces of paper of
different widths, the gumming roller is sometimes made in sections which fit upon
a common shaft or axle, so that the said roller can be increased or reduced in length
as desired.
.
The rollers b. and y are driven by means of the belt and toothed wheels s¹, &*

page_text: The machine above described is sometimes used for surface-coloring or enamelling
paper or similar material
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First: In machine for gumming or varnishing paper, cardboard or similar
materials, the employment of means whereby the pressure-roller will be automati-
cally raised and lowered relatively to the gumming roller, as, and for the purpose,
specified.
Second-The combination, with the said pressure-roller, of means substantially
as described for regulating the length of time during which the said roller will be
held in its raised position, for the purpose specified.
Third: The improved machine consisting of the parts constructed and combined
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings and
operating as, and for the purposes, specified.