Year: 1888

page_text: I, GEORGE EDWARD DEHANY, of 31 Claude Road, Townsend Lane, West Derby,
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Contractor do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :-
This invention has reference to means or apparatus of a simple and inexpensive
nature for automatically extinguishing the flame of an oil lamp having a circular or
tubular wick, in the event of the lamp becoming accidently or otherwise overturned.
According to my invention an extinguishing ring or tube is arranged to surround and
slide lengthwise upon the free upper end of the wick tube and within the central air
passage of such wick tube may be arranged a second extinguishing tube that can slide
lengthwise in the air passage.
The outer extinguishing ring or tube which normally rests upon the burner cone
may be of sufficient length to extend to within a short distance of the upper end of
the wick tube and may be more tapered on the outside than on the inside in order to
give it additional weight and also to avoid the deflection of the air current to the flame
thus allowing of free circulation of air thereto. The upper end of the inner ex-
tinguishing tube may also be arranged a short distance below the top edge of the wick
tube whilst its lower end rests upon the bottom of the burner and has suitable openings
formed therein to admit air for supporting combustion to pass up the central opening
to the flame.
The arrangement is such that should the lamp when lighted be accidentally upset or
otherwise overturned the outer extinguishing ring or tube will immediately slide length-
wise over the free end of the wick or burner tube and encircle the flame, its length-
wise movement being controlled by a suitable stop. The inner extinguishing tube
will also slide lengthwise in the same direction as the outer extinguishing ring or tube
which is arranged to partially turn over or cant so that the inner tube cannot slip
through it and become displaced.
The outer ring or tube may be arranged to come into contact in its sliding move-
ment with the neck or contracted part of the glass chimney usually employed in oil

page_text: .
lamps having an annular wick. This neck or contracted part of the glass chimney is
usually of tapered or inclined form from its larger to its smaller diameters, and such
tapered part will cause the extinguishing ring or tube when it comes in contact there-
with during the falling over of the lamp to become canted or moved sideways for the
purpose hereinbefore mentioned.
With some classes of lamps as for instance where the neck of the glass chimney is
sufficiently large to allow the outer extinguishing ring or tube to pass through it on
the lamp being overturned I may provide the outer ring or tubo with an extending
flange or projection such that the said ring or tube cannot slide through the chimney
glass; one or more suitable projections or stops may also be provided on the inner
extinguishing tube to take into the opening left in the wick tube to admit air for
supporting combustion.
It is to be understood that the length, shape, and weight, of the outer and inner
extinguishing tube may be varied to suit various classes of oil lamps having circular
or similar wicks without departure from the essential features of my invention.
Dated this 3rd day of Anril 1888.
.

page_text: E
I, GEORGE EDWARD DEHANY of 31 Claude Road, Townsend Lane, West Derby,
Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Contractor do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to means or apparatus of a simple and inexpensive
nature for automatically extinguishing the flame of an oil lamp having a circular
or tubular wick, in the event of the lamp becoming accidentally or otherwise
overturned.
According to my invention an extinguishing ring or tube is arranged to surround
and slide lengthwise upon the free upper end of the wick tube, and within the central
air passage of such wick tube there may be arranged a second extinguishing tube
that can slide lengthwise in the air passage.
The outer extinguishing ring or tube which normally rests upon the burner cone
may be of sufficient length to extend to within a short distance of the upper end of the
wick tube and may be more tapered on the outside than on the insido in order to
give it additional weight, and also to avoid the deflection of the air current to the
flame thus allowing of free circulation of air thereto. The upper end of the inner
extinguishing tube may also be arranged to terminate a short distance below the top
edge of the wick tube whilst its lower end rests upon the guard plate of the burner
and bas suitable openings formed therein to admit air to pass up the central opening
to the flame, from an opening or slit provided in the side of the wick tube, as well
understood.
The arrangement is such that should the lamp when lighted be accidentally upset
or otherwise overturned the outer extinguishing ring or tube will immediately slido
lengthwise over the free end of the wick or burner tube and encircle the flame, its
lengthwise movement being controlled by a suitable stop, such for example as the
neck in the glass chimney. The inner extinguishing tube will also slide lengthwise
in the same direction as the outer extinguishing ring or tube which latter is arranged
to partially turn over or cant so that the inner tube cannot slip through it and become
displaced.
The outer ring or tube may be arranged to come into contact in its sliding move-
ment with the neck or contracted part of the glass chimney usually employed in oil
lamps having an annular wick. This neck or contracted part of the glass chimney
is usually of tapered or inclined form from its larger to its smaller diameters, and such
tapered part will cause the extinguishing ring or tube when it comes into contact
therewith during the falling over of the lamp, to become canted or moved sideways
for the purpose herein before mentioned.
With some classes of lamps as for instance where the neck of the glass chimney is
sufficiently large to allow the outer extinguishing ring or tube to pass through it on
the lamp being overturned, I may provide the outer ring or tubo if required with

page_text: an extending flange or projection such that the said ring or tube cannot slide through
the chimney glass; one or more suitable projections or stops may also be provided on
the inner extinguishing tube which may be expanded at its lower end to take into the
central opening or wick tube through which air is admitted for supporting combustion,
as hereinbefore mentioned.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings
Fig. 1. represents in vertical section a burner having a circular or tubular wick of
the kind mostly in use with ordinary paraffin lamps, and provided with my improved
extinguishing tubes.
Fig. 2. is a similar view shewing a slightly modified form of inner dome sometimes
employed in lamps with circular wicks.
Fig. 3. is a plan or top view.
Fig. 4. is a similar view to Fig. 1. but with the burner partially fallen over, the
extinguishing tubes slid down, and the flame extinguished.
A. is an external extinguishing tube arranged to surround and slide upon the upper
end of the outer wick tube B. whilst in the air space inside the wick 'tube C. there is
arranged another extinguishing tube D. that slides therein.
The extinguishing tube A. is of such a. length that its upper edge stands about
level with the edge of the wick tube B. when its lower end rests on the dome E. Figs. 1.
and 2. It may be made tapered in the inside and outside as shewn in Fig. 1; the
dome E. in this form of lamp burner has long air slits G. G. left in for the air to
pass through to feed the flame; its upper end being practically closed, whilst in Fig. 2.
the dome is sufficiently large to leave an air passage between it and the outer wick
tubo, and is provided with a few air holes J. J. instead of the slits G. G. The external
extinguishing tube A. when applied to a burner with an opon dome must have a
number of openings K. K, say six, to allow for the passage of air. The lower alge
or largest diameter of the extinguishing tube A. is such that it cannot slip or catch in
the air space and will yet allow of as much clearance between itself and the glass
chimney H. as possible.
The upper end of the extinguishing tube D. is also a little distanco below the
top of the wick tubes B and C. to admit of a free passage of air, whilst its lower end
is cut to form air slits or openings L. and rests on the guard plate M. as shown in
Figs. 1 and 2.
This tubo may be made of brass, copper, or any heavy material that will not readily
melt and is somewhat elastic. At its lower or slitted end it may be expanded to a
little larger diameter than its normal size which may be such as to slide freely whilst
it almost fills the inside of the upper or smaller diameter of the inner wick tube C. so
that when it has slidden into the position shewn in Fig. 4. it will have cut off the
supply of air to the flame.
It will be understood that the lower or slitted end of the inner extinguishing
tube D. will require to be sufficiently compressed to slip into the tapered inner wick
tube C. and that after it has dropped down onto the guard plato M, it will again
expand sufficiently to prevent it passing directly through the tube and becoming lost
should the lamp be overturned. The arrangement is such that should the lamp when
lighted be accidentally upset or partially overturned as shewn in fig. 4. the outer
extinguishing ferrule A. will first or immediately slide lengthwise over the free end
of the wick tube B until stopped by the contracted or neck part of the ordinary
glass chimney H, such as is usually employed in oil lamps having circular or tubular
wicks.
The shape of the neck or contracted part is such that the ferrule A. cannot
slip therethrough, but will partially turn over; simultaneously the inner extinguishing
tubo D. will have slid forward and have been caught by the outer ferrule A, as
shewn in Fig. 4. Thus by the combined action of the two tubes the flame is auto-
matically extinguished.
It is to be understood that the length, shape and weight of the outer and inner
extinguishing tubes may be altered to suit most classes of oil lamps having circular
wicks, and that the outer extinguishing tube or ferrule may have perforations or slits

page_text: cut out to suit various shapes of domes without departure from the essential features
of my invention.
I do not find it advantageous to form projections or stops on the ferrulo A. as the
contracted part in most glass chimneys is practically at such a distance from the
exposed or lighted portion of the wick F to cause the outer extinguishing tube A. to
partially turn over and stop the inner extinguishing tube D. from passing through the
glass chimney.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I make no general
claim to sliding extinguishing tubes actuated by gravity as boing suitable for all classes
and makes of burners for circular wicks for paraffin lamps but what I claim in connec-
tion with lamps having circular or tubular wicks, is,
1. An extinguisher comprising an outer ferrule encircling the wick tube in
combination with an innor extinguishing tube situated within the wick tube, the
arrangement being such that when the lamp is upset the ferrule will slide
longitudinally and will be caught in a tilted attitude while the inner tube will also
slide longitudinally and pass into the aperture of the ferrule substantially as described
and for the purpose specified.
2. An extinguishing tube situated within the wick tube and of such diameter that
it cannot pass out of the mouth of the wick tube without compression substantially as
described.
3. An outer extinguishing ferrule encircling the wick tube, and so arranged and
designed that when it falls forward it is caught by the contracted part of the glass
chimney substantially as described.
4. The combined automatic extinguishing device constructed arranged and operating
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 4. and to Figs. 2 and 3. of the
drawings.
1
3000