Improvements in Forging Presses.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1891
· Complete Specification Left, 8th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Forging Presses.
I, WILLIAM DANIEL ALLEN of the Bessemer Steel Works, Sheffield in the
County of York, Steel Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows
In a forging press according to my invention. the high pressure water in the
press cylinder is pumped or forced by means of steam acting in a cylinder or
cylinders placed conveniently in relation to the press cylinder, such steam operating
a plunger that works in a hydraulic cylinder the water from which is forced directly
into the press cylinder so that when steam is admitted into the steam cylinder or
cylinders and the plunger is thereby thrust forward motion will be imparted to the
ram of the press.
There may be one steam cylinder of sufficient capacity or two or more cylinders
of such aggregate capacity as shall suffice to impart to the plunger on which they
operate a force that will give the required pressure in the press cylinder. Obviously
the capacity of the steam cylinder or cylinders, the area of the plunger, and
the pressure of the steam, may by calculation be so determined as to give such
pressures.
A graduated force, concentrating into a greater force towards the end of the
stroke, can be obtained when desired by the use of lever arms in conjunction with
the steam cylinders. A. convenient way of doing this is by a trigger arrangement
actuated by the steam piston operating upon the plunger.
The length of stroke of the plunger may be determined and regulated by stops,
so that it may be increased or reduced at will.
The exhaust steam may be used to effect the return stroke.
T-l: n
1001
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Forging Presses.
I, WILLIAM DANIEL ALLEN of the Bessemer Steel Works, Sheffield, in the
County of York, Steel Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
It has heretofore been usual to supply the high pressure water required in
working forging presses by means of high pressure pumps arranged to force water
into an accumulator from which the water is afterwards drawn for working the
forging presses. High pressure water has also been forced direct into the press
cylinder from pumps driven by means of a crank or eccentric.
Now in a forging press according to my invention, the high pressure water in
the press cylinder is pumped or forced by means of steam acting in a cylinder or
cylinders placed conveniently in relation to the press cylinder, such steam operating
a plunger that forces water directly into the press cylinder so that when steam is
admitted into the steam cylinder or cylinders and the plunger is thereby thrust
forward, motion will be imparted to the ram of the press.
There may be one steam cylinder of sufficient capacity, or two or more cylinders
of such aggregate capacity as shall suffice to impart to the plunger on which they

page_text: operate, a force that will give the required pressure in the press cylinder. Obviously
the capacity of the steam cylinder or cylinders, the area of the plunger, and the
pressure of the steam, may by calculation, be so determined as to give such
pressures.
By this arrangement the power of the steam can be caused to act more directly
and immediately on the ram of the forging press, the use of an accumulator, and
valves, or a crank or eccentric being dispensed with. Also an operator can obtain
a better control over the motions of the ram since by the simple admission of steam
into the steam cylinder or cylinders he is enabled to make, at any desired moment.
a prompt and powerful stroke.
As will be obvious my invention can be carried out in various ways.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of an arrangement of steam cylinders and hydraulic
tube or cylinder with plunger for supplying water under pressure according to this
invention to a forging press which is shown in dotted lines.
AA are two steam cylinders having their two pistons B B secured to a piston
rod C, one end C₁ of which is arranged to serve as a plunger that works into one
end E of a tube or cylinder D. The other end E' of this tube or cylinder
is securely and soundly connected to the cylinder F of the forging press, indicated
in dotted lines, so as to allow a free passage for water from one to the other.
When it is desired to operate the forging press, steam is admitted into the steam
cylinders A through the ports A' by suitably operated valves and the pistons B
are thereby moved forward, so that water in the tube or cylinder D will be forced
by the plunger C' into the cylinder of the forging press and a forward motion given
to the ram thereof.
To effect the return stroke, the contents of one of the steam cylinders may
be caused to pass into the opposite ends of both cylinders through the ports A²,
the exhaust steam in the other cylinder escaping at the same time into the
atmosphere.
A shorter stroke than would be imparted to the ram of the forging press by an
entire stroke of the plunger (", may be obtained by checking or limiting the
length of the stroke of such plunger to the desired extent. This may conveniently
be done by elongating the piston rod as shown at C and forming the elongated
part with a screw thread upon which a nut N is fitted, the elongated part passing
through a stop or abutment O. With this arrangement if it be desired to shorten
the stroke, the nut is screwed further along the rod so that before the pistons
complete their forward strokes, the nut will come in contact with the stop or
abutment and thereby arrest their further movement and also that of the
plunger C.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation shewing an arrangement whereby the forging press
can be caused to exert a graduated pressure that becomes very great at the end of
the stroke.
In this case the steam cylinder A is arranged vertical and provided with a hollow
or trunk piston rod B. C is a connecting rod jointed to the piston rod, and to
the adjacent ends of two lever or toggle arms G, G, one of which is jointed to
a standard H at H*, the other is jointed to a plunger C₁ that is carried by an
opposite standard H' and works into the tube or cylinder D connected with the
forging press F.
By this construction it will be seen that when steam is admitted. beneath the
piston, the toggle arms G will be raised thereby into a horizontal position,
and by their movement longitudinal motion will be imparted to the plunger C
with increasing force as the lever or toggle arms come into line with each other.
To lessen friction the lever or toggle arms G G may be each provided with a
hardened semi-circular or curved face at G' G'. The two hardened surfaces press
against each other and receive the whole of the thrust and as the levers or toggle
arms ascend and descend, a simple rolling action of the two surfaces one upon the
other takes place and much friction is thereby avoided. The pins c' for jointing

page_text: the connecting rod c to the lever or toggle arm G are made a sufficiently loose fit to
enable this action to take place.
In carrying out my invention it is advisable that the steam cylinders A and the
tube or cylinder D into which the plunger C¹ works, should be placed as near the
forging press F as can conveniently be arranged; when it can be so arranged, it
will be more advantageous if the said tube or cylinder be made to form a part of
the press cylinder itself, it being desirable that the water should have as free a
passage and as short a distance to travel as possible. By actuating the ram of a
forging press in the manner described, motion can be given to it at any moment to
effect a prompt and powerful stroke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A forging press in which the high pressure water in the press cylinder is
pumped or forced by means of steam acting in a cylinder or cylinders placed
conveniently in relation to the press cylinder, and the piston or pistons of which
acts or act directly upon a plunger that forces water directly into the press
cylinder so that when steam is admitted to the steam cylinder or cylinders and
the plunger is thereby thrust forward, motion will be simultaneously imparted to
the ram of the press substantially as herein described.
2. Forging presses constructed arranged and operating as hereinbefore described
with reference respectively to and shown in Fig. 1, and in Fig. 2 of the drawings
annexed.
Dated this Sixth August 1899
WILLIAM DL. ALLEN.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.