Year: 1888

page_text: We, FRANCIS FARQUHAR, MILTON J. FARQUHAR and HENRY B. FARQUHAR, all of
Wilmington, Ohio, United States of America, Manufacturers, do hereby declare. the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to heating apparatus for buildings. It combines in one
apparatus a warm air furnace and a hot water heater.
It consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter
fully described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a vertical section of our. heating apparatus.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the front of the heating apparatus.
Figure 4 is a detail view of the hot blast flue.
Figure 5 is a section through the hot blast inlet.
•
1.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate modifications in the relative arrangement of the magazine,
hot blast flue and water chamber.
'
In the drawings illustrating our invention, W is a metal casing with a cylindrical
back, but having its sides extended forward to the front wall U of the furnace. This
casing W incloses the ash pit X, the fire pot S having the grates V V₁, the magazine G
and the water chamber 2.
The casing W is provided with a dome-like top / which communicates with or forms
part of the tube Q extending through the top of the furnace.
This tube is provided with a hinged cover g and constitutes a chute leading to
the magazine G suspended within the casing W above the fire pot. In some cases.
the magazine and chute may be one structure. The magazine G consists, as shewn,
of two concentric casings that is, an outer, tapering casingh having a flange i for
the passage of bolts by which it is bolted to the top f, and an inner cylinder h' sus-
pended by bolts d d to the outer casing . At the bottom of the outer casing his a

page_text: 2"
water chamber 2 (preferably of cast iron) also bolted to h. As shewn in the drawing,
the same boits d d serve to support the water chamber and the inner cylinder forming
the fuel magazine. The casing and water chamber 2 are both larger than the
cylinder h³, so as to leave an intervening air chamber a wider at the top, but having a
very narrow opening at the bottom through which the air blast is discharged downward
in thin jets into the combustion chamber where it becomes thoroughly mixed with the
gases which are evolved by the heating of the fuel beneath the mouth of the
magazine G.
The air is supplied to the chamber e by an opening" in the casing to which it is
conducted by the blast flue which communicates at its lower end with an air
chamber between the fire pot lining 7 and the casing W, as shewn in Figure 4.
The blast of air is admitted to the heater by the hinged valve & thence through the
nir duct b' to the chamber f, all as illustrated in Figure 5.
The water chamber 2 is provided with an inlet I and an outlet O, by which a constant
circulation is maintained in the chamber 2.
The water entering at the pipe I absorbs heat from the walls of the chamber 2 and
passes out either in a liquid or vaporous form, or both together, through the pipe O.
In the form of construction which is illustrated it is proposed to arrange a system
of pipes which will convey the hot water to suitable radiators located in the building
to be warmed.
The water having parted with its heat by radiation will then return again through
the pipe I to the water chamber 2, where it will again absorb heat from the walls of
the chamber 2, all in a manner well known to those skilled in the art of heating by hot
water circulation. In place of the said system for heating by hot water, the apparatus
herein described may also be used as a feed water heater for any ordinary steam
boiler.
The boiler for which the water is thus heated may have a separate furnace, or
it may be heated by the fire in our heater in a manner easily understood by those
skilled in the art. When used as a feed water heater, the cold water would enter
at the inlet I, be heated in the chamber 2, and pass onward to the boiler through
the outlet O, in the manner previously described. In Figure 1, is an evaporating
pan for water from which the necessary moisture for the heated air is supplied.
Within the fuel conduit or chute Q, and near the back of the same, is a small gas
flue F through which the gases which may accumulate in the top of the chute Q
are allowed to pass downward and he discharged at the mouth of the magazine G and
there be brought into contact with the blast of heated air, and burned.
The ash pit X is closed by a door T hinged at the bottom and fitting, when closed,
against an inclined face a." Two cars eat the top of the door T have, hinged
between them an L-shaped lever L which swings to a vertical position when the
door is open and supports the same as clearly shown.
The products of combustion pass from the combustion chamber through an opening w
at one side of the casing W, and above the fire pot, to an U shaped flue C, the ends
of which extend through a front wall or plate U where they are closed by doors jj.
An uptake or smoke pipe m communicates with the flue C near one end, so that the
products of combustion will pass directly from the opening e¹ to the pipe m. In
order, however, to secure the full benefit of the heat of the gases, we use one or more
additional flues D similar in shape to the flue C and communicating therewith, and
cause the heated gases to traverse all the said flues before passing to the smoke pipe.
The said flues, as well as the remaining portions of the heating apparatus are
arranged within a chamber to which cold air is admitted so as to pass in contact
with the heated surfaces.
As shown, the flues C and D are arranged so as to encircle the casing W so far as
their shape will permit, but with an intervening space for the upward passage of air.
The flue Cat the end opposite to that which communicates with the pipe m, con-
municates through a pipe with the adjacent end of the flue D, and the opposite end
of the flue D communicates by a suitable pipe with the adjacent end of the flue C,
and a valve L is arranged between the opening and the pipe m..

page_text: When the valve L is opened, as shown in Figure 2, the products of combustion can
pass directly from the combustion chamber to the smoke pipe; but when the valve L
is closed, the heated gases must traverse the flue C from the opening w¹, to the other
end of said flue, then pass downward to the flue D and traverse the latter to its
opposite end, after which they will pass upward through the pipe leading into the
uptake or smoke pipe m. The valve L may be operated in any suitable manner, as
for instance by means of a rod jointed to the valve and extending through an opening
in the front plate.
The heating apparatus above described may be arranged in any suitable casing,
as for instance in a chamber formed by walls J of brickwork and provided with one
or more passages through which cold air can enter the chamber Z below the lower
flue D and pass freely upward in contact with all the heated plates to the top of
the chamber from which it is conducted by means of suitable pipes to the different
places to be heated.
It will be noticed that all the radiating flues are arranged around the casing W
below the top of the latter so as to reduce the height of the furnace and avoid the
necessity of carrying the products of combustion to any great distance vertically
which would interfere with the draught, and so as to insure the heating of the air
immediately after it has entered the chamber Z. One object of this arrangement
is that by passing the products of combustion through the lower flue D, the last
thing before they are conducted to the chimney, a greater amount of heat will be
extracted by contact with the incoming air, thus utilizing the heat which would
otherwise be carried off up the chimney and wasted.
Another advantage of placing the radiating flue low down and near to the bottom
of the chamber Z is the increased height of the heated air column thus obtained which
increases the upward pressure in the said column and insures a better delivery of the
heated air.
It is understood that the use of a fuel magazine provided with an air chamber c
arranged to discharge the air. into the combustion chamber for the purpose of com-
pleting the combustion of the gases, is not new; also that the use of a water chamber
around or adjacent to a tuyere for the discharge of air (either cold or heated) into a
combustion chamber in which by the circulation of water the material of the tnyere is
prevented from being, melted burned or warped out of shape in consequence of the
intense heat produced by the fire, is not new; but by the form of construction and
arrangement of parts herein described in which practical success is the result of the
combination of the fuel magazine, the air blast chamber and the water chamber, great
benefit is obtained.
Some of the advantages are the following:
1. The use of a fuel magazine is a great convenience if it is made in 'practical form
and is not liable to destruction from heat.
2. By the use of the fuel magazine and air blast as described, the hydrogen and car-
bonaceous gases which usually escape from the combustion chamber unburned (there
being no provision for an adequate supply of air for admixture with them) are
completely consumed, thereby producing a great amount of heat with less rapid
consumption of fuel.
3. By the use of the construction described, bituminous coal may be burned without
deposit of soot or fine particles of solid, unconsumed carbon in the flues.
4. The screenings of bituminous coal, the consumption of which usually requires
much skill and labor on account of the difficulty of getting a sufficient supply of air
to pass through the bed of fuel, can be successfully burned in our form of heating
apparatus because the blast of air from above supplies the deficiency.
5. The advantages of the above features are no longer coupled with the usual draw-
back of the destruction of the parts of the furnace by the intense heat generated,
because the said heat is no longer local in its effects, being carried away through the
medium of the stream of water passing through the water chamber and applied to
useful purposes at other convenient points.

page_text: 6. An apparatus is obtained by which buildings may he heated by a water circu-
lating system or by hot air, or by the combined effect of both at will, and by which
the heat produced may be usefully employed in heating water for domestic purposes
or for feed water for a steam engine boiler.
Dated this 8th day of September 1888.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.
We, FRANCIS FARQUHAR, MILTON J. FARQUHAR, and HENRY B. FARQUHAR, all
of Wilmington, Ohio, U.S.A., Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to heating apparatus for buildings. It combines in one
apparatus a warm air furnace and a hot water heater. It consists in the construction,
combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, and illustrated by
the drawings filed with our provisional specification and in which
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of our heating apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of the front of the heating apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a detail view of the hot blast flue.
Fig. 5 is a section through the hot blast inlet.
Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate modifications in the relative arrangement of the magazine,
hot blast flue and water chamber.
In the drawings illustrating our invention, W is a metal casing with a cylindrical
back, but having its sides extended forward to the front wall U of the furnace. This
casing Wencloses the ash pit X, the fire pot. S having the grates V V₁, the magazine G
and the water chamber 2.
The casing W is provided with a dome like top f which communicates with or
forms part of the tube Q extending through the top of the furnace. This tube Q
is provided with a hinged cover g and constitutes a chute leading to the magazine G
suspended within the casing W above the fire pot. In some cases, the magazine and
chute may be one structure.

page_text: The magazine G consists, as shewn, of two concentric wall or casings that is,
an outer tapering wall or casing having a flange i for the passage of bolts by
which it is bolted to the top and an inner cylinder h¹ suspended by bolts d, d
to the outer wall or casing h. At the bottom of the outer wall or casing his. a
water chamber 2 (preferably of cast iron) also bolted to h. As shewn in the
drawings, the same bolts / d' serve to support the water chamber and the inner
cylinder forming the fuel magazine. The wall or casing hand water chamber 2
are both larger than the cylinder so as to leave an intervening air chamber e
wider at the top, but having a very narrow opening at the bottom through which
the air blast is discharged downward in thin jets into the combustion chamber where
it becomes thoroughly mixed with the gases which are evolved by the heating of the
fuel beneath the mouth of. the magazine G. The air is supplied to the chamber
by an opening in the wall or casing to which it is conducted by the blast
flue which communicates at its lower end with an air chamber between the
fire pot lining and the casing W, as shewn in Fig. 4.
The blast of air is admitted to the heater by the hinged valve thence through
the air duct to the chamber all as illustrated in Fig. 5.
The water chamber 2 is provided with an inlet 1 and an outlet
by which.
a constant circulation is maintained in the chamber 2. The water entering at the
pipe I absorbs heat from the walls of the chamber 2 and passes out either in a
liquid or vaporous form, or both together, through the pipe O. In the form of.
construction which is illustrated, it is proposed to arrange a system of pipes which
will convey the hot water to suitable radiators located in the building to be
warmed. The water having parted with its heat by radiation will then return
again through the pipe I to the water chamber 2, where it will again absorb
heat from the walls of the chamber 2, all in a manner well known to those
skilled in the art of heating by hot water circulation.
In place of the said system for heating by hot water, the apparatus herein
described may also be used as a feed water heater for any ordinary steam boiler.
The boiler for which the water is thus heated may have a separate furnace, or it
may be heated by the fire in our heater in a manner easily understood by those
skilled in the art. When used as a feed water heater, the cold water would enter
at the inlet I, be heated in the chamber 2, and pass onward to the boiler through
the outlet (), in the manner previously described.
In Fig. 1, w is an evaporating pan for water from which the necessary moisture
for the heated air is supplied. Within the fuel conduit or chute Q, and near the back
of the same is a small gas flue F through which the gases which may accumulate
in the top of the chute Qare allowed to pass downward and be discharged at the
mouth of the magazine G and there be brought into contact with the blast of heated
air, and burned.
The ash pit X is closed by a door T hinged at the bottom and fitting, when closed,
against an inclined face a. Two ears
at the top of the door T have hinged
between them an L shaped lever L which swings to a vertical position when the door
is open and supports the same as clearly shewn.
The products of combustion pass from the combustion chamber through an
opening wat one side of the casing W, and above the fire pot, to an U shaped flue C,
the ends of which extend through a front wall or plate U where they are closed by
doors. An uptake or smoke pipe m communicates with the flue C near one.end,
so that the products of coinbustion will pass directly from the opening w¹ to the
pipe m. In order, however, to secure the full benefit of the heat of the gases, we
use one or more additional flues D similar in shape to the flue C and communicating
therewith, and cause the heated gases to traverse all the said flues before passing to
the smoke pipe. The said flues as well as the remaining portions of the heating
apparatus are arranged within a chamber Z to which cold air is admitted so as to
pass in contact with the heated surfaces.
.
As shewn the flues C and D are arranged so as to encircle the casing W. so
far as their shape will admit, but with an intervening, space for the upwardu

page_text: passage of air. The flue Cat the end opposite to that which communicates with
the pipe m, communicates through a pipe with the adjacent end of the flue D, and
the opposite end of the flue D communicates by a suitable pipe with the adjacent
end of the flue C, and a valve L' is arranged between the opening and the
pipe m.
•
When the valve E' is opened, as shewn in Fig. 2, the products of combustion can
pass directly from the combustion chamber to the smoke pipe; but when the valve L'
is closed, the heated gasses must traverse the flue C from the opening wl to the other
end of said flue, then pass downward to the flue D and traverse the latter to its
opposite end, after which they will pass upward through the pipe leading into the
uptake or smoke pipe m.
•
The valve L' may be operated in any suitable manner, as for instance by means of
a rod k, jointed to the valve and extending through an opening in the front plate.
The heating apparatus above described may be arranged in any suitable casing, as
for instance in a chamber formned by walls J of brick work and provided with one or
more passages through which cold air can enter the chamber Z below the lower
flue D and pass freely upward in contact with all the heated plates to the top of the
chamber Z from which it is conducted by means of suitable pipes to the different
places to be heated.
2'
It will be noticed that all of the radiating flues are arranged around the casing W
below the top of the latter, so as to reduce the height of the furnace and avoid the
necessity of carrying the products of combustion to any great distance vertically
which would interfere with the draught, and so as to insure the heating of the air
immediately after it has entered the chamber Z. One object of this arrangement
is that by passing the products of combustion through the lower flue D, the last
thing before they are conducted to the chimney, a greater amount of heat will be
extracted by contact with the incoming air, thus utilizing the heat which
would otherwise be carried off up the chimney and wasted. Another advantage of
placing the radiating flue low down and near to the bottom of the chamber Z is
the increased height of the heated air column thus obtained which increases the.
upward pressure in the said column and insures a better delivery of the heated air.
It is understood that the use of a fuel magazine provided with an air chamber »
arranged to discharge the air into the combustion chamber for the purpose of com-
pleting the combustion of the gases, is not new; also that the use of a water chamber
around or adjacent to a tuyere for the discharge of air (either cold or heated) into a
combustion chamber in which by the circulation of water the material of tho tuyere
is prevented from being melted, burned or warped out of shape in consequence of
the intense heat produced by the fire, is not new; but by the form of construction
and arrangement of parts herein described in which practical success is the result of
the combination of the fuel magazine, the air blast chamber and the water chamber,
great benefit is obtained.
Some of the advantages are the following
1. The use of a fuel magazine is a great convenience if it is made in practical form
and is not liable to destruction from heat.
2. By the use of the fuel magazine and air blast as described, the hydrogen and
carbonaceous gases which usually escape from the combustion chamber unburned
(there being no provision for an adequate supply of air for admixture with them)
are completely consumed, thereby producing a great amount of heat with less rapid
comsumption of fuel.
3. By the use of the construction described, bituminous coal may be burned
without deposit, of soot or fine particles of solid, unconsumed carbon in the flues.
4. The screenings of bituminous coal, the consumption of which usually requires
much skill and labor on account of the difficulty of getting a sufficient supply of
air to pass through the bed of fuel, can be successfully burned in our form of
heating apparatus because the blast of air from above supplies the deficiency.
5. The advantages of the above features are no longer coupled with the usual draw-
back of the destruction of the parts of the furnace by the intense heat generated,
:

page_text: because the said heat is no longer local in its effects, being carried away through
the medium of the stream of water passing through the water chamber and applied*
to useful purposes at other convenient points.
6. An apparatus is obtained by which buildings may be heated by a water
circulating system or by hot air, or by the combined effect of both at will, and by
which the heat produced may be usefully employed in heating water for domestic
purposes or for feed water for a steam engine boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In heating apparatus, the combination with any suitable fire pot, and any
suitable fuel magazine, of the hot blast flue which surrounds the fire pot, a second
hot blast flue connected with the first and arranged adjacent to the fuel magazine,.
and a water jacket about the mouth of the second hot blast flue, substantially as
described.
2. In heating apparatus, the combination with any suitable fire pot and any suit-
able fuel magazine, of the hot blast flue which surrounds the fire pot, a second hot
blast flue connected to the first which surrounds the fuel magazine and is annular
in form, together with a water jacket about the mouth of the said annular hot blast
flue substantially as described.
3. In heating apparatus, the combination with a fuel conduit or magazine of a
hot blast flue arranged adjacent to the fuel conduit or magazine, together with a
water jacket about the mouth of the hot blast flue, substantially as described.
4. In heating apparatus, the combination with a fuel conduit or magazine, of
an annular hot blast flue which surrounds the same and has an annular mouth
which is adjacent to the mouth of the fuel magazine, together with a water jacket
about the mouth of the hot blast flue substantially as described.
5. In heating apparatus, the combination of the fuel conduit or magazine with the
hot blast flue arranged adjacent to the lower edge of the same, the water jacket
surrounding the hot blast flue, the gas chamber at the top of the fuel magazine, and
the pipe leading from said gas chamber back to or nearly to the mouth of the fuel
magazine, substantially as described.
1000
110292
1000
1000
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.