CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, BLEACHING, DUNGING, AND DYEING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Nagles, of Ghent, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Chemist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, BLEACHING, DUNGING,
AND DYEING WOVEN FABRICS."
Sealed the 20th February 1854, and dated the 3rd September 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Albert Nagles at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd September 1853.
I, ALBERT NAGLES, of Ghent, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING, BLEACHING, DUNGING, AND
DYEING WOVEN FABRICS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of certain apparatus which, by slight modifi-
cation, is capable of being adapted to any of the said operations of
washing, bleaching, dunging, and dyeing woven fabricks. I employ
kiers, becks, or cisterns of any ordinary construction, in one of which
1 place a series of rollers near the top and bottom of the same, over
and under which the woven fabric passes (in an open or extended state),

page_text: and through the water or other liquid contained in the kier. In another
adjoining kier I place a quickly revolving beater which acts against
the fabric. Guide rollers are placed above the beater for the purpose
of pressing the fabric against the beater, which guide rollers are capable
of being adjuste:l as to give any desired amount of tension or pressure to
the cloth against the beater. Above the beater is a perforated pipe for
throwing jets of water against the fabric. At suitable places are
weighted squeezing rollers, which also act as drawing rollers to draw
the fabric through the machine. In some of the kiers I also place
steam pipes for the purpose of boiling or heating the contents thereof.
The above-mentioned parts constitute my improved apparatus. The
peculiar arrangement or disposition of these several parts and the
contents of the kiers depends entirely upon the particular process for
which the machine is intended, and the nature of the fabric under
operation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters l'atent,
filed by the said Albert Nagles in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd March 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ALBERT NAGLES, of Ghent, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Chemist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Albert Nagles, Her special licence that I, the said Albert Nagles,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Albert Nagles, my executors, administrators, and assigus, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING,

page_text: BLEACHING, DUNGING, AND DYEING WOVEN FABRICS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Albert Nagles, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be perforined, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Albert Nagles, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):
My Invention consists in certain novel arrangements of machinery or
apparatus for performing the various operations of washing, bleaching,
dunging, and dyeing woven fabrics, which, by slight modification or
variation, may be readily adapted to any of the above operations, either
separately or in combination, as may be required. I employ kiers,
becks, or cisterns of any ordinary construction, in one of which I place
a series of rollers near the top and bottom of the same, over and under
which the woven fabric passes (in an open or extended state), and
through the water or other liquid or matter contained in the kier.
In another adjoining kier I place a quickly revolving beater or beaters,
or buckett, which acts against the fabric, either upon the front or back
of the cloth, as required; at suitable intervals are placed weighted
squeezing or nipping rollers, which also act as drawing rollers to draw
the fabric through the machine. In some of the kiers I also place
steam pipes for the purpose of boiling or heating the contents thereof.
Such is the general description of my improvements in the said appa-
ratus for conducting the above-nained processes, but the peculiar
arrangement of the several parts thereof, and the contents of the
keirs, &c., must entirely depend upon the particular process for which
the machine is intended to be employed, and also the nature of the
fabric or cloth under operation. But in order that my improvements
may be more readily explained in detail, and perfectly understood, I
have attached to these presents a Sheet of Drawings made upon a
scale of about one inch to the foot, and representing clearly the sub-
stantial features of my Invention.
"

page_text: .
In the Drawing the Figure. 1, represents a longitudinal sectional
elevation of an arrangement of the machinery as adapted to washing,
bleaching, and soaping plain goods; and Figure 2, exhibits a similar
longitudinal sectional elevation of an arrangement of the machinery as
adapted to "fly dunging," "second dunging," washing, and finishing
printed goods ready for dyeing, and also for dyeing goods when modified
as required. In both these Figures the red line extending throughout
the machine from end to end indicates the passage of the cloth to be
operated upon.
In Figure 1, a, a, a, a, are the kiers or vessels containing the
water, soaping liquor, chlorine or bleaching liquor, as may be re-
quired; and b, b, b, b, are a series of top and bottom guide or ten-
sion rollers, over and under which the cloth is distended as it passes
or is by them conducted through the machine, the. upper series of
rollers b', 6', being adjusted by screws or otherwise in order to regulate
the distance of the cloth from the "beaters;" c, c, c, c, are the series of
nipping or squeezing rollers; d, d, and e, e, are the revolving beaters
driven by straps from the driving pullies above, the whole being put
in motion by any ordinary and suitable arrangement of driving gear;
c, c, are the beaters, as required, for acting upon the front of the cloth;
and f, f, are beaters for acting on the back of the cloth, as may be
desirable, in operating upon certain descriptions of goods, such as
velvets, or some descriptions of printed goods, where it is desirable to
preserve the front or face of the cloth from any injury that may arise
from the action of the beaters; pipes 9, 9, 9: 9, are provided for the
overflow of the contents of the kiers, which may be closed by stoppers
h, h, above, when requisite.
It will be observed that in this Figure the cloth line is broken in the
middle, and it will be evident that any suitable successive number of
kiers may be interposed in that place between the entrance and exit
kiers; these kiers being furnished with pipes i, i, i, i, for water above,
and pipes k, k, k, k, for steam below, to heat or boil the contents of the
kiers.
: In Figure 2, a, a, a, a, is the "fly dung" box or kicr; b, b, the
upper, and c, c, the lower distending or guide rollers; d, d, a pair of
weighted nipping or squeezing rollers; e, c, e, e, a further series of

page_text: listending or guide rollers; f, f, the beaters or buckets driven by the
strap g. 9, and pully h; i, is a hot water tank fed by the steam pipe k;
and 1, is a cold water tank. Water is supplied to the cloth from the
perforated pipes m, m, above; the upper rollers e, e, e, e, are mado
adjustable by screws or otherwise to accommodate the distance of the
cloth from the beaters, or to insure their proper point of contact.
From this system of washing apparatus, A, another pair of nipping
or squeezing rollers n, n, now conduct the cloth into the second "dung
box" 0, 0, 0, 0, and again through an exactly similar arrangement of
washing apparatus B, and, lastly, through a repetition of the same,
being the washing and finishing apparatus C. Corresponding letters
of reference being marked upon similar parts of the machinery
throughout.
Having thus described my improvements in machinery for washing,
bleaching, dunging, and dyeing woven fabrics, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim the above particularly described system,
arrangement, construction, or adaptation of apparatus for effecting any -
or all of the above specified operations or processes, either separately or
in combination with each other, without in any manner being limited
or confined to the precise dimensions, situations, or arrangements of the
details of the same, as substantially exhibited in the Drawings attached
to these presents.
In witness whereof, I, the said Albert Nagles, have hereunto
my hand and seal, the Second day of March, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
set