IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA- RATUS FOR FORGING AND STAMPING METALS, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PILE DRIVING, CRUSHING ORES AND SEEDS, BEETLING AND FULLING WOVEN FABRICS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Newton Bentley, of Salford, in the County of Lan-
caster, Engineer, and John Alcock, of Little Bolton, in the said County,
Millwright, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS FOR FORGING AND STAMPING METALS, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PILE
DRIVING, CRUSHING ORES AND SEEDS, BEETLING AND FULLING WOVEN FABRICS,
AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Sealed the 1st December 1857, and dated the 2nd June 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Newton Bentley and John
Alcock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 2nd June 1857.
We, NEWTON BENTLEY, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
and JOHN ALCOCK, of Little Bolton, in the said County, Millwright, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND STAMPING METALS, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PILE
DRIVING, CRUSHING ORES AND SEEDS, BEETLING AND FULLING WOVEN FABRICS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
We attach a hammer or faller to a vertical bar or slide, which rises and falls
in suitable frames or bearings. On this vertical sliding bar we fix a pin or pivot
with an antifriction pulley, which being acted upon by an intermittent cam
placed on a vertical shaft, to which motion is given in any convenient manner,
causes the said hammer or faller to rise and fall at any required distance.
The said cam is formed by having upon a cylinder a spiral projection, either

page_text: internally or externally, extending only over a part of its circumference, leaving
a space between each terminus of the projection.
The cylinder and cam may be raised or lowered on the vertical shaft, and
fixed in any desired position for the purpose of adjusting the length of lift,
or the position of the pin and pulley on the bar or slide may be regulated for
the same purpose. In either case, when the pulley on the slide is at the
commencement of the spiral the lift is the greatest, giving the heaviest blow;
but when near the upper terminus the lift is the least, giving the lightest
blow. The space between the ends of the spiral permit the pin and pulley to
pass between them, thereby allowing. the slide bar and hammer or weight to
fall. The number of blows of the hammer or faller is regulated by the speed
of the vertical shaft, acted upon by cone pullies or gearing in any suitable
manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Newton Bentley and John Alcock in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd December 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, NEWTON
BENTLEY, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and JOHN ALCOCK,
of Little Bolton, in the said County, Millwright, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Newton Bentley and John Alcock, Her special licence that we, the
said Newton Bentley and John Alcock, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Newton Bentley and John Alcock,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR FORGING AND STAMPING METALS, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO PILE DRIVING,
CRUSHING ORES AND SEEDS, BEETLING AND FULLING WOVEN FABRICS, AND OTHER
SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Newton Bentley and John Alcock, by an instrument in writing under
.our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-

page_text: ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Alcock, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Newton Bentley, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement (that
is to say)-
We attach one or more hammers, stamps, or fallers each to a vertical bar
or slide, which rises and falls in suitable frames or bearings. On this vertical
sliding bar we fix a stud or pivot, with or without an antifriction pulley, which
being acted upon by an intermittent spiral cain placed on a vertical shaft,
causes the said hammer, stamp, or faller to rise and fall at any required
distance; or we place the cam itself upon a vertical bar or shaft, at the lower
end of which is the hammer or stamp, both rising and falling together. The
spiral intermittent cam is formed by having upon a cylinder, shaft, or disc one
or more spiral projections, either internally or externally, extending only over
a part of its circumference, leaving a space or spaces between each terminus.
of the projection. The said cam may be raised or lowered on the vertical
shaft, and fixed in any desired position, for the purpose of adjusting the length
of lift or stroke; or the position of the stud on the bar or shaft may be regu-
lated for the same purpose. When the stud or pulley is at the commencement
of the spiral projection the lift is the greatest, giving the heaviest blow; but
when near the other terminus the lift is the least, giving the lightest blow.
The space or spaces in the cam or spiral projection permit the falling of the
bammer, stamp, or fallér.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to _ the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, with the figures and letters of reference thereon,.
the said letters referring to each Figure separately.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of one of our improved hammers, shewing the work-
ing parts in section; Fig. 2, a plan of the external spiral cam, having one
space; Fig. 3 represents another arrangement of our hammer, with the
working parts in section; Fig. 4, a plan of the external cam; Fig. 5 is a
section of an internal spiral cam; Fig. 6, a plan of the same; Fig. 7 shews
the application of the internal spiral cam, which as it revolves raises the
shaft and hammer; Fig. 8 is an application of the internal spiral cam, in
which the shaft revolves, and the cam with the hammer rises up and down;
Fig. 9 is another modification, in which the internal cam does not revolve,

page_text: but rises up and down with the hammer; Figs. 10 and 11 represent detached
views of internal cams, shewing two spiral projections; Figs. 12 and 18 are
detached views of external cams, having two spiral projections; Figs. 14, 15,
16, 17, and 18 are detached views of other shaped cams.
n,
In Fig. 1, a represents the framing of the machine; b, the anvil block;
c, the hammer and bar, working in guides in the framework; d, the driving
pulley on the shaft e, there being a feather so that the pulley and shaft may
turn together, but the shaft slide through the pulley. The hammer c is in its
lowest position, and is raised by the cam f, made fast to the shaft e in any
suitable manner, the said cam acting against the bowl or stud g, so that as
the cam revolves the hammer rises until the stud reaches the upper terminus
of the spiral projection, when the bar and hammer fall by their own gravity.
The length of stroke is regulated by the screw h, which is raised or lowered
as required by the nut i in the wheel handle k. In Fig. 2, is the space
between the upper and lower termini of the cam. In Fig. 3, representing
another. modification of our hammer, the spiral cam m turns loose upon the
hammer bar which is raised as the cam revolves by its boss or tube pressing
against a pin or collar o, attached to the shaft or bar n, motion being given
to the cam by the pulley p, the boss of which works in the frame of the
machine, and turns the cam by means of a feather fitting the interior of the
boss of the pulley, and sliding in a groove in the exterior of the boss or tube
of the cam. The cam shaft and hammer are raised by the spiral projection
coming in contact with the stationary stud or pin q. In Fig. 4, shews the
space between the termini of the cam. In Figs. 5 and 6, s is the internal
spiral projection forming the internal cam, and t, the space between the
termini. In Fig. 7, representing one mode of applying the internal cam,
u is the cam, which revolves by means of the pulley v, or other suitable
gearing, the cam acting against the stud or antifriction roller w, attached to
the shaft and hammer bar x, thereby causing them to rise as the cam revolves.
Fig. 8 represents another mode of employing an internal cam which does
not revolve. a¹ is the cam, placed upon a tube b', to which the bowl or stud c¹
is attached for raising the tube, motion being given to the said tube by the
pulley d. As the tube rises the hammer shaft or bar e' rises with it, by means
of a pin or collar f¹. In Fig. 9, there is another modification of machinery,
having an internal cam g³, which does not revolve, but rises up and down with
the hammer bar h'. The driving pulley is shewn at k¹, fixed to the shaft l", to
which the bowl or stud m² is attached, the revolution of which stud or bowl
raises the cam and hammer bar. Figs. 10 and 11 represent detached views of
internal cams, having two spiral projections, Figs. 12 and 13 are two external

page_text: cams, also having two external projections. Figs. 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 are
views of cams, which may be advantageously applied for the purpose of raising
the hammer, stamp, or faller.
The length of stroke in the foregoing machines can be altered by raising or
lowering the cam, or by raising or lowering the stud or bowl in the shaft or
hammer bar by means of a screw, rack, lever, cam, eccentric, or a chain and
pulley; and also by placing the stud or bowl under the cam no movement of
the hammer takes place. The length of stroke is adjusted by regulating the
position of the said stud or pin q, by a screw, rack, lever, cam, eccentric, or a
chain pulley.
Having thus fully described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be distinctly
understood that we not confine ourselves to the exact details herein set forth,
as such may be varied or modified without departing from the principle
thereof; but we claim as our Invention the general arrangement and con-
struction of machinery or apparatus for forging and stamping metals, wood,
leather, cloth, caoutchouo, gutta percha, papier maché, ivory, bone, &c., and
which is also applicable to pile driving, crushing ores and seeds, beetling
and fulling woven fabrics, and other similar purposes, as such machinery
or apparatus is herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Alcock, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Newton Bentley, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this First day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named John Alcock, in the presence of
JOHN ALCOCK. (L.S.)
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.