Improvements in Machines for Making Book Covers.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Making Book Covers.
I, ARTHUR IRVING JACOBS, residing at No. 253 Collins Street, Hartford, in the
State of Connecticut, United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is an improvement upon that set forth in English Letters Patent
No. 1454 of January 23rd 1894, granted to A. I. Jacobs, C. J. Coles, A. E. Coles,
W. Jamieson and J. C. Smith.
In machines that have heretofore been made for manufacturing book covers,
difficulty has arisen where the cloth is passed in from a roll, glued and cut off
to shape, in consequence of the waste of material when the machine has to be
stopped, or when the size of the cover has to be changed; and in addition to this
the glue becomes set or chilled rapidly when the machine is stopped, and the
chilled glue interferes with the proper spreading of the adhesive material upon
the muslin, and in practice it is found that the loss of only a small percentage
of the covers when produced by machinery renders such machinery substantially
valueless financially.
In the present invention the glue cylinder is revolved first in one direction and
then in the other, and there are two scrapers acting in opposite directions and
any material adhering to the surface of the cylinder is scraped off by one scraper,
and the other scraper allows the surface from which the glue is taken to the
muslin to have the proper quantity of glue upon it and it is kept free from
foreign substances.
The cloth or covering fabric cut out of the proper shape is received upon a
cloth segment and held by grippers at the advancing edge, and the cloth is brought
into contact with the glue roll as the segment makes one revolution. The cloth
is taken by grippers upon a gripper bar that is moved laterally to carry the
cloth over a platform that is moved up to position, and a picker composed of
hollow bars supported by an arm upon a vertical shaft is brought down upon
the cover boards and the back lining, and by a suction action these are picked
up, the picker and shaft receive a half revolution, and the picker presses the
cover boards and the back lining down upon the glued muslin and then forces
the platform down, and there are side bars and edge turners to act upon the top
and bottom edges of the muslin and fold the same over upon the board; the
platform is pressed upward sufficiently to force the edges of the glued muslin
firmly down upon the upper surfaces of the boards, the platform is then pushed
down further and the side folders come in that turn the right and left hand
edges of the fabric over upon the cover boards; a second pressure is given by
the platform rising and then it descends. A discharge slide carries the completed
cover out laterally into a finishing press and above a water bag, and there is a
platen and toggle bars that press down upon the cover, and the pressure is equalized
by the action of the water bag so that the entire cover is not only held but subjected
to a pressure sufficient to cause the glue to firmly adhere, and the glue becoming
chilled holds the cover firmly to the boards and back lining. The platen is

page_text: raised and the completed cover carried out by toothed disks, and the pile of covers
is supported by a shelf held by friction and forced down progressively as the
covers accumulate.
The cover boards are piled in receptacles and a bottom board from each pile
is carried out into position to be taken by the picker, and the parts are con-
structed so that the boards are guided at the outer and bottom edges and brought
accurately to position so that the external measurements of the covers will be
precisely alike, regardless of any inaccuracy in the size of the cover boards them-
selves, and the back lining is made from a strip of paper that is fed in progressively
the proper length corresponding to the height of the cover boards, and there
are cutters for determining the width of the lining, which cutters are adjusted
simultaneously with the adjustment of the bars and parts that carry the cover
boards, so that the proper width of paper for the back lining is automatically
ensured, hence a roll of paper adapted to back lining need not be changed for
every variation in the width of such back lining, because surplus in width is cut
off automatically, and the back lining, after being projected into position between
the cover boards, is cut off as the picker comes down to take up the cover boards
and back lining by the suction action.
The picker shaft and its support occupy a fixed central position in the machine,
and the edge of the platform next the picker shaft occupies a fixed position, and
the platform can be extended widthwise for different sizes of covers and also
towards the front of the machine for different heights of covers, and the folder
bars are adjusted simultaneously with the edge bars that extend to the rear of
the machine and carry the hopper that contains the cover boards, so that the parts
are simultaneously adjusted at the sides of the machine, and the portions of the
hopper that carry the cover boards are adjustable along with the devices that
vary the width of the back lining to adapt the machine rapidly to different
kinds of covers.
The back lining is fed the proper length by feed rolls and then cut off, and
more or less motion is given to these feed rolls by a reciprocating rack and a
clutch connection that is adjustable to bring the clutch into action at the proper
time.
The blocks on the platform and the picker blocks are adjustable and changeable
according to the size of the cover, and the platform itself can be lifted off from
the base and vertical shaft so as to be easily changed or adjusted. Flexible tubes
extend from a suction device to the picker blocks for acting upon the cover
boards and back lining to lift them and transfer them from one position to the
other.
The Fabric at the corners of the cover boards has to be creased to give the
proper finish to such fabric at the corners. This is done by what are called
nicker-in" blocks, and these are liable to become smeared with the glue, scrapers
are provided for removing such glue.
In the finishing press, toggle bars and cross shafts are provided for acting
upon the platen to apply a pressure to hold the cover while the glue consolidates,
and another cover is being made, and the notched disks that are rotated carry
out from the finishing press the complete cover and deliver it upon the shelf that
is held by friction and pushed down as the covers accumulate; the hanging guards
prevent the notched disks injuring the surface of the water bag.
In giving to the respective parts the motions and in effecting the operations
before set forth, a main shaft is provided that is rotated once for each complete
cover that is made, and stopping and starting devices are provided so that the
machine as a whole can be stopped with facility or the cloth segment can be
stopped or started at will, so that when desired a partially completed cover can
be finished without another piece of cover fabric being carried into the machine.
Upon the main or cam shaft, there are cams principally in the form of grooves
upon opposite sides of disks, and these cam grooves give motion to racks that
act upon pinions for moving the cloth segment, for giving motion to the wheels and

page_text: belts, that act upon the discharge slide that carries the cover into the finishing press,
and that move the gripper bar backward and forward; another of the cams operates
the exhaust pump, another cam raises and lowers the picker shaft by a lever,
another cam gives a half revolution to the shaft and picker and also actuates the
feed mechanism for the back lining, and another cam actuates the folder bars
for turning over the fabric at the top and bottom and sides of the cover boards.
The discharge slide which carries one cover into the finishing press brings into
action the disks that carry the finished cover out of the press, so that one cover
is left in the finishing press for the glue to set as long as possible, and this is
carried out simultaneously with the carrying in of another complete cover to be
held while the glue consolidates.
Dated this Cth dow of i 1907
I, ARTHUR IRVING JACOBS, residing at No. 253 Collins Street, Hartford, in the
State of Connecticut, United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention is an improvement upon that set forth in British Letters Patent
No. 1454 of January 23rd 1894, granted to A. I. Jacobs, C. J. Coles, A. E. Coles,
W. Jamieson and J. C. Smith.
In machines that have heretofore been made for manufacturing book covers,
difficulty has arisen where the cloth is passed in from a roll, glued and cut off
to shape, in consequence of the waste of material when the machine has to be
stopped, or when the size of the cover has to be changed; and in addition to this
the glue becomes set or chilled rapidly when the machine is stopped, and the
chilled glue interferes with the proper spreading of the adhesive material upon
the muslin, and in practice it is found that the loss of only a small percentage
of the covers when produced by machinery renders such machinery substantially
valueless financially.
In the present machine the glue cylinder is revolved first in one direction and
then in the other, and there are two scrapers acting in opposite directions, and
any material adhering to the surface of the cylinder is scraped off by one scraper,
and the other scraper allows the surface from which the glue is taken to the
muslin to have the proper quantity of glue upon it and it is kept free from foreign
substances.
The cloth or covering fabric cut out of the proper shape is received upon a
cloth segment and held by grippers at the advancing edge, and the cloth is brought
into contact with the glue roll as the segment makes one revolution. The cloth
is taken by grippers upon a gripper bar that is moved laterally to carry the cloth
over a platform that is moved up to position, and a picker composed of hollow
bars supported by an arm upon a vertical shaft is brought down upon the cover
boards and the back lining, and by a suction action these are picked up, the
picker and shaft receive a half revolution, and the picker presses the cover boards
and the back lining down upon the glued muslin and then forces the platform
down, and there are side bars and edge turners to act upon the top and bottom
edges of the muslin and fold the same over upon the board; the platform is
pressed upward sufficiently to force the edges of the glued muslin firmly down
upon the upper surfaces of the boards, the platform is then pushed down further

page_text: and the side folders come in that turn the right and left hand edges of the fabric
over upon the cover boards; a second pressure is given by the platform rising
and then it descends. A discharge slide carries the completed cover out laterally
into a finishing press and above a water bag, and there is a platen and toggle
bars that press down upon the cover, and the pressure is equalized by the action 5
of the water bag, so that the entire cover is not only held but subjected to a
pressure sufficient to cause the glue to firmly adhere, and the glue becoming
chilled holds the cover firmly to the boards and back lining. The platen is raised
and the completed cover carried out by toothed disks, and the pile of covers is
supported by a shelf held by friction and forced down progressively as the covers 1
accumulate.
The cover boards are piled in receptacles and a bottom board from each pile is
carried out into position to be taken by the picker, and the parts are constructed
so that the boards are guided at the outer and bottom edges and brought accurately
to position so that the external measurements of the covers will be precisely alike,
regardless of any inaccuracy in the size of the cover boards themselves, and the
back lining is made from a strip of paper that is fed in progressively the proper
length corresponding to the height of the cover boards, and there are cutters for
determining the width of the lining, which cutters are adjusted simultaneously
with the adjustment of the bars and parts that carry the cover boards, so that the
proper width of paper for the back lining is automatically ensured, hence a roll
of paper adapted to back lining need not be changed for every variation in the
width of such back lining, because surplus in width is cut off automatically, and
the back lining, after being projected into position between the cover boards, is
cut off as the picker comes down to take up the cover boards and back lining by
the suction action.
The picker shaft and its support occupy a fixed central position in the machine,
and the edge of the platform next the picker shaft occupies a fixed position and
the platform can be extended width wise for different sizes of covers and also
towards the front of the machine for different heights of covers, and the folder
bars are adjusted simultaneously with the edge bars that extend to the rear of
the machine and carry the hopper that contains the cover boards, so that the parts
are simultaneously adjusted at the sides of the machine, and the portions of the
hopper that carry the cover boards are adjustable along with the devices that
vary the width of the back lining to adapt the machine rapidly to different kinds
of covers.
The back lining is fed the proper length by feed rolls and then cut off, and
more or less motion is given to these feed rolls by a reciprocating rack and a
clutch connection that is adjustable to bring the clutch into action at the proper
time.
The blocks on the platform and the picker blocks are adjustable and changeable
according to the size of the cover, and the platform itself can be lifted off from
the base and vertical shaft so as to be easily changed or adjusted. Flexible tubes
extend from a suction device to the picker blocks for acting upon the cover boards
and back lining to lift them and transfer them from one position to the other.
The fabric at the corners of the cover boards has to be creased to give the proper
finish to such fabric at the corners. This is done by what are called "nicker- in
blocks, and as these are liable to become smeared with glue, scrapers are provided
for removing such glue.
"
In the finishing press, toggle bars and cross shafts are provided for acting upon
the platen to apply a pressure to hold the car while the glue consolidates, and
another cover is being made, and the notched disks that are rotated carry out
from the finishing press the complete cover and deliver it upon the shelf that
is held by friction and pushed down as the covers accumulate; and hanging
guards prevent the notched disks injuring the surface of the water bag.
In giving to the respective parts the motions and in effecting the operations
before set forth, a main shaft is provided that is rotated once for each complete

page_text: cover that is made, and stopping and starting devices are provided so that the
machine as a whole can be stopped with facility or the cloth segment can be
stopped or started at will, so that when desired a partially completed cover can
be finished without another piece of cover fabric being carried into the machine.
Upon the main or cam shaft, there are cams principally in the form of grooves
upon opposite sides of disks, and these cam grooves give motion to racks
that act upon pinions for moving the cloth segment, for giving motion to the
wheels and belts, that act upon the discharge slide that carry the cover into the
finishing press and that move the gripper bar backward and forward; another
of the cams operates the exhaust pump, another cam raises and lowers the picker
shaft by a lever, another cam gives a half revolution to the shaft and picker and
also actuates the feed mechanism for the back lining, and another cam actuates
the folder bars for turning over the fabric at the top and bottom and sides of the
cover boards.
The discharge slide which carries one cover into the finishing press brings into
action the disks that carry the finished cover out of the press, so that one cover
is left in the finishing press for the glue to set as long as possible, and this is
carried out simultaneously with the carrying in of another complete cover to be
held while the glue.consolidates.
+
Bearing in mind the foregoing statements in relation to the general operations
performed in the machine, the details of construction and operation will be more
fully apparent upon reference to the following specification and to the drawings,
wherein Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the rear half of the. machine. Fig. 2 is
a similar plan view showing the front half of the machine. Fig. 3 is a partial
elevation at the right side of the machine. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section at
the line 4 of Fig. 2, with the picker and platform in elevation. Fig. 5 is a
longitudinal section near the line 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a cross section of the
machine near the main shaft illustrating the general positions of the cams for
giving motion to the different parts. Fig. 7 is a plan view and Fig. 8 an elevation
and partial section of the finishing press. Fig. 9 is a detached view at one edge
of the water bag. Fig. 10 is a sectional plan at the line 10 of Fig. 8. Fig. 11
is a detached horizontal section in larger size of the picker shaft at the line 11
of Fig. 4. Fig. 12 is a side view of the rolls and gearing for feeding in the back
lining. Fig. 13 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 14 is a cross section of the
side bar and slide for bringing in the cover board, and Fig. 15 is a detached
elevation of the same. Fig. 16 is a cross section of the machine representing
the cutter for severing the back lining. Fig. 17 is an elevation and partial
section showing the cutters for determining the width of the back lining. Fig. 18
is an elevation of the troughs for holding the roll of back lining. Fig. 19 is
a section through the pulley that gives motion to the discharging apparatus of
the finishing press. Fig. 20 is a section at the line 20 of Fig. 19. Fig. 21 is a
longitudinal section in larger size through the shaft and gearing at the line 21,
Fig. 13. Fig. 22 is a similar section at the line 22, Fig. 13. Fig. 23 is a section
at the line 23 of Fig. 22, and Figs. 24 and 25 are elevations of the frictional
clamping devices. Fig. 26 shows the parts at one end of the gripper shaft and
the end of the cross bar L and parts carried by it adjacent to the side frame B¹.
Fig. 27 illustrates the same parts and a portion of the holding spring q. Fig. 28
is a cross section at the line 28 28%, and Fig. 29 is a cross section at the
line 29 29. Fig. 30 is a section at the line 30* 30*. Fig. 31 shows one of
the slide blocks and the lifter detached. Fig. 32 is an inverted plan at the end
of one of the stationary springs. Fig. 33 is a plan view at one end of the cloth
segment in larger size. Fig. 34 shows part of the gear wheel and the bolts carried
by it. Fig. 35 is a partial elevation at one end of the cloth segment. Fig. 36
is a plan representing the position of the nicker-in, and Fig. 37 is a detached
view of the nicker-in and its stock, and also a portion of the corner of one of the
covers. Fig. 38 is a cross section of one of the folders showing the nicker-in and
its stock and part of the platform with part of the cover thereon. Fig. 39 is a

page_text: cross section in larger size at the pivot of the back lining shear. Fig. 40 represents
the ends of the glue vessel and the glue roll. Fig. 41 is a cross section of one
of the picker blocks for the cover boards. Fig. 42 is an elevation in larger size
of the means for adjusting the arbor and glue scraper 6. Fig. 43 is a section
and elevation representing the piles of cover boards, the slider and the stop bar.
Fig. 44 is an elevation of the cams for the first and second turners. Fig. 45
shows the cams for actuating the cloth segment and the discharge slide. Fig. 46
shows the cams for the platform and for revolving the picker. Fig. 47 shows
the stop for the cloth segment in section. Fig. 48 is a detached sectional view
of the slide and claw. Fig. 49 is a diagram of the arm J and parts when the
cloth segment is being rotated. Fig. 50 is a section of the platform and its
supports and Fig. 51 is a plan view showing two of the springs that guide the
edges of the cover boards, and the screws for adjusting said springs.
The cam shaft A is supported by the frames B B, and it is driven by any
suitable mechanism. The gear wheel A', Figs. 3 and 6, is shown as receiving
motion from a pinion A2 that is connected with the gear wheel A³ upon a stud
extending out from the frame B, and the power is applied to a shaft A4 and
pinion A to drive the wheel A3, and the shaft A4 has fast and loose pulleys outside
of the frame driven by a belt provided with a belt shifter of any desired character
so that the cam shaft A can be driven with the necessary power or stopped when
necessary, and in order to move the machine by hand, a hand wheel C, Fig. 3,
is provided with gearing C¹ to the wheel C³ upon the end of the cam shaft A,
outside the frame B¹.
Upon the cam shaft A, Fig. 6, the cam 1) is grooved upon the right side to
act upon the segmental rack lever D¹ that gives motion to the cloth segment.
The groove on the left side of the cam D acts upon the rack lever D² that gives
motion to the discharging slide. The cam E is grooved on its right side to
operate the lever E to the exhaust pump, and the groove on the left side of the
cam E acts upon the lever E2 for raising and lowering the picker shaft. The
cam F is grooved upon its right side to act upon the lever that raises and
lowers a platform, and the groove upon its left side acts upon the lever F2 that
acts to revolve the picker and give motion to the rack. The cam G is grooved
on its right side and acts upon the lever G₁ that gives motion to the turners
at the top and bottom of the cover, and the lever G2 is acted upon by the groove
at the left side of the cam and actuates the second turners.
It is unnecessary to give in detail the shapes of the grooves in these respective
cams, because these are laid out with reference to giving motion to the respective
levers and performing the operations hereafter indicated and in the order designated,
so that the operations are performed successively as described, but these cams
are illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, 44, 45 and 46.
The glue holding vessel H, Figs. 2, 4 and 40, is provided with flanges that
extend out at its ends and are received between the horizontal ribs 2 on the inner
sides of the frames B B', so that such glue vessel can be easily drawn out for
cleansing or replaced, and beneath the glue vessel is a vessel H having similar
flanges by which it can be supported at its ends or drawn out as may be necessary,
and this vessel H is to hold hot water for heating the glue, and it is advantageous
to provide a Bunsen burner or other heater for the water vessel, or steam may be
led into the water to maintain the proper temperature.
Within the glue vessel H is a roller H2 supported in bearings at the ends of
the glue vessel H, and this glue roller H2 is advantageously made as a copper
cylinder with heads connecting the same to the shafts at the ends of the glue
roller, and there are scrapers 6 and 7 that are supported by pivots at the ends,
and they are adjusted by screws 8 so that the edges of the scrapers are in the
desired proximity to the surface of the glue roller, and this glue roller is rotated
first in one direction and then in the other by the means hereafter described, but
the gear 12 is held by friction of the shaft of the glue roll so as to turn without
injury to the parts if the glue roll is held by the chilling of the glue or otherwise.

page_text: 1
The scraper 6, Figs. 2, 4 and 42, is advantageously set in such a manner as to
scrape almost all the glue off the surface of the glue roller, and the scraper 7
is set with reference to allowing the proper amount of glue to remain upon the
surface of the roller for properly gluing the muslin or covering fabric by coming
into contact with the same; and it will be observed that the glue and other
material adhering to the surface of the roller H2 as it is removed by the scraper 6,
slides down upon the convex surface of such scraper 6 and returns into the glue
vessel H at a little distance from the roller, and hence foreign substances will
be in the glue at the side near the operator where they can be observed and
removed, and the cleaner glue will be at the back portion of the gluc vessel ready
to pass up on the surface of the roller H2 as the same is brought into contact
with the covering fabric upon the cloth segment I.
This cloth segment I, Figs. 2, 4, 33, 34 and 35, is loose upon the shaft 3, but
is connected therewith at the proper time by the devices hereafter described, and
this, shaft 3 is rotated first in one direction and then in the other at the proper
time by the pinion D³ and segmental rack I acted upon by the cam D, as before
mentioned. This segmental rack is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, and in the
plan view Fig. 2, and the gear wheel 11 upon the shaft 3 gears into the wheel 12
upon the shaft of the glue roll, so that this glue roll is moved backwards and forwards
constantly while the machine is in motion, but the cloth segment I is entirely
under the control of the attendant so that he can stop the same and it remains
without being moved until he brings in the actuating mechanism by the action
of his hand. For this reason the supply of the covering fabric or muslin can be
stopped and a partially finished cover completed, and the movements arrested with
the machine substantially empty, there being no incomplete book cover in the
machine.
This is of great advantage, because if the machine is stopped after a fabric cover
has been glued and before the boards and back lining are applied to the same
and the edges turned over and completed, such cover is valueless because it cannot
be finished after the glue has cooled or set, and in consequence of the supply
of the covering fabric being entirely under the control of the attendant and
independent of the other operations of the machine, there is no risk of the covering
fabric being carried in until after it has been properly placed upon the cloth
segment: and it is to be understood that a complete cover is produced each revolution
of the cam shaft A, but should the covering material not be in position, the
automatic movement of the cloth segment at the proper time is suspended by
the attendant until the parts come around to give motion to the cloth segment at the
proper time, so that the cloth is fed in in harmony with the other parts of the machine.
It is to be understood that the fabric is cut out to shape in any desired manner
and fed by hand to the cloth segment.
The cloth segment I is preferably made of metal, and rather more than half of
a cylinder, and there are heads to this cloth segment by which it is supported
upon the shaft 3, and between the heads of the cloth segment the gripper shaft 9
extends adjacent to one edge of the cloth segment, and the grippers upon this
shaft are in the form of short hooks, so that when the gripper shaft is partially
rotated these hooks swing over and catch the edge of the cloth as it is applied
upon the cloth segment, and there is a spring to open these grippers, and I
provide a gauge in the form of a cross shaft h supported at its ends on the
frames B B and provided with fingers projecting from eyes upon the shaft and
provided with set screws so that the fingers can be put in any desired position to
indicate where the covering cloth is to be placed upon the cloth segment, and
there are two gear wheels g g¹, the wheel g¹ being upon the shaft 3 and the
wheel is upon a stud supported by the frame B. The band wheel K is secured
to the wheel g, and there is a stud upon said wheel K, acting upon an arm h¹
of the gauge, and the position of these parts is such that when a pause occurs
in the revolution of the shaft 3, in one direction, the parts are in the position
shown in Fig. 4, with the gauge fingers in place closely adjacent to the surface

page_text: of the cloth segment, and as the shaft 3, and the gears g g³ commence to move in
the opposite direction, the pin 1 moves from under the arm h¹ and allows the
fingers of the gauge to rise out of the way of the cloth segment as it is carried
away by the grippers upon the cloth segment.
Upon the gear 11 is a lateral projection towards the end of the cloth segment,
see Figs. 33 and 34, and in this projection are spring bolts d and e projected
towards the end of the cloth segment, and the end of the spring bolt d is inclined
so as to form a latch, and there is a stud d¹ projecting from the spring bolt d
through an L-shaped slot in the projection upon the gear 11, and the attendant
seizing this stud can pull back the spring bolt d and hold it in position by
turning the stud into the right angled end of the slot, and when this spring
bolt dis in this retracted position, the gear 11 can turn first one way and then
the other way without the cloth segment being moved, and when the attendant
is ready to bring the cloth segment into action he simply liberates the stud d
and the spring projects the spring bolt d for effecting the operations next described.
On the end of the gripper shaft 9 there is an arm j, normally arrested by a
stud 160, as shown in Figs. 33 and 35, and as the gear 11 commences to turn
in the direction of the arrow, shown in Fig. 4, the bolt d engages the arm j and
swings the grippers so that they grasp the advancing edge of the covering fabric
that has been laid upon the cloth segment, and the arm j is arrested by a stop 22
upon the end of the cloth segment, the parts being in the position shown in
the diagram, Fig. 49, and the further movement of the bolt d commences the
rotation of the cloth segment in the same direction, and upon the bolt e there is
a stud el projecting through a slot, and there is a stationary V-shaped cam e2
upon the cross piece B3 of the frame, and the end of the bolt e, is flat or shaped
like a plate to pass into a notch in the projection upon the end of the cloth
segment I, and the positions of the parts are such that as the stud e¹ rides over
the V-shaped cam the bolt is drawn back and the end of it enters the slot
in the stud as the stud e¹ separates from the cam e², the consequence is that
this bolt while it engages the stud e³, causes the cloth segment I to travel
completely around along with the wheel 11 as it revolves in the direction of the
arrow, Fig. 4, and having reached the extreme movement the grippers are
still holding the cloth, and the stud e³ is in line with the cam c³, and hence the
bolte has been drawn out from the projection e³, and as the wheel 11 commences
to move in the opposite direction to the arrow, Fig. 4, the bolt d draws back
from the arm j, of the gripper shaft and allows the spring to open the grippers,
but the edge of the cloth has been taken by another set of grippers as hereafter
described, immediately before the grippers i open.
In consequence of the bolt e having been drawn out from the block e³ the cloth
segment is allowed to stand still while the wheel 11 makes rather more than
a complete revolution in the opposite direction to the arrow, Fig. 4, and in so
doing the beveled end of the bolt d runs over the arm of the grippers and
springs in ready to carry around the cloth segment as before described; and it
is to be understood that as the cloth segment with the cloth upon it is carried
around, the cloth is pressed against the surface of the glue cylinder H³ and
receives upon it the proper quantity of glue, but glue is not deposited upon the
cloth segment itself when there is no cloth upon the segment, because the layer
of glue upon such glue roller is not thick enough to touch the metal surface of
the cloth segment. It is necessary to apply a detaining force to the cloth segment
to prevent it turning back as the bolt d runs over the arm j, and for this purpose
a spring bolt with an inclined end, see Fig. 47, is provided passing into a notch
in one head of the cloth segment I, but this stud yields when the cloth segment
receives its movements as before described.
MEANS FOR CARRYING THE GLUED CLOTII AWAY FROM THE CLOTH SEGMENT.
The devices for this object are somewhat similar to those in the aforesaid
patent, with modifications for rendering the action more positive,

page_text: The band pulleys K, Figs. 2 and 4, are adjacent to and connected with the
gear wheels 9, 9, at each side of the machine and within the frames, and the
bands are fastened at their ends. to these pulleys, each pulley having two
grooves, and the bands pass off horizontally above and below these pulleys, and
the upper bands are connected at their back ends with the cross bar L that slides
at its ends in the grooved inner top portions of the frames B B', and the lower
bands extend around the back band pulleys K¹ and are connected at their ends
with the cross bar L, so that the same is moved bodily towards and from the
cloth segment.
The gripper shaft m, Figs. 6, and 26 to 29, is provided with fingers n that
close down upon the edge of the covering fabric, and the fingers o, that project
from the cross bar L underrun the cloth so that the edge is firmly grasped by the
grippers. The grippers are opened by springs m¹, and upon the gripper shaft m are
arms m extending to the rear, and the cross rod o¹ passes below said arms n¹,
and this rod o is moved bodily and laterally so that as it passes backward under
the rear ends of the arms n¹ the grippers are closed, and when it is moved forward
towards the gripper shaft the grippers come open. The ends of the cross rod o¹
are received in the slide blocks 03 and the slotted bars p, see Figs. 1, 26 and 27,
to which the ends of the bands are fastened, rest upon shoulders or flanges
of the slide blocks o², and a screw for each slotted bar passes through a spring p¹,
and through the slot of the bar into the projecting portion of the slide block o²,
the spring p applying a friction to the slotted bar but allowing such slotted bar
to move with the bands to a limited extent while the cross bar L and the slide
block remain stationary. The ends of the cross bar L come against the inner
surfaces of the side frames B B₁ and upon the top of this cross bar at the ends,
there are latch pieces L³ that are screwed firmly in position and project into
grooves in the inner faces of the frames B B¹ so as to support the cross bar and
allow it to be moved bodily back and forth. There are four springs q¹ each with
a block 9, on its under side to engage the depressions in the top surfaces of the
latch pieces L, and these springs q₁ are attached at their back ends to blocks q²
that pass into the longitudinal grooves in the inner faces near the top of the side
frames B B and are held in position by screws. Two of these springs q¹ are near
the center cross bar M and the other two are near the cross bar B³, (see Fig. 2).
The blocks g at the under sides of the springs q' are wide enough to extend
over the outer ends of the slide blocks o², and upon these slide blocks, and pre-
ferably made of separate pieces fastened to their ends, are the lifters o³, see Figs. 26
and 31.
As the bar L, and the parts connected therewith, are drawn by the bands 11
up to the cloth segment, the bar L is stopped by the blocks 2 supporting the
stationary springs q', and the latch pieces L³ at the ends of the bar L having
run under the downward projecting blocks q on such stationary springs 9, the
blocks spring down into the recesses and hold the cross bar, and as the bands
commence to move in the opposite direction, the slotted bars p, move the slide
blocks o, and by the cross rod o¹ first close the grippers and then the inclined
lifters o raise the blocks 9 and springs and allow the cross bar L and the parts
therewith connected and the glued piece of cloth fabric, to be carried bodily to
the place where the boards and back lining are applied to it, and as the cross
bar L is stopped against the blocks that carry the stationary springs q¹ near the
cross bar M, the latch pieces L³ at the ends of the cross bar L having underrun
such springs q and said bar L is held by them.
A slight forward or reverse movement is now given to the bands l¹ the slotted
bars p and slide blocks o³ move the cross rod o towards the grippers and allow
the spring to open such grippers, and the parts remain in this position until a
further forward movement is given again through the bands 11, and the inclined
lifters o are still further moved and lift the springs q¹ from the latch pieces L³
at the ends of the cross bar L, allowing the same to be moved bodily forward,
with the grippers open ready to take another piece of cloth fabric in its glued

page_text: condition from the cloth segment, and as the latch pieces L³ at the ends of the
cross bar L underrun the springs q¹ near the cross bar B2 and lift the same,
the cross bar L is stopped by the stationary projections carrying the ends of the
springs, and the blocks on the under sides of the springs hold the cross bar in
position, and the reverse movement given through the bands 1 carries the slide
blocks and the cross rod o¹ backward closing the grippers and simultaneously
raising the springs by the action of the inclined lifters o³ and liberating the
cross bar L and allowing it to be carried bodily and backward for placing the
glued fabric in position for receiving the boards and back lining as aforesaid.
In these movements the blocks of the springs q q¹ determine the stopping places 1
of the cross bar L, and these blocks can be adjusted readily in the grooves at
the top of the frame so as to ensure accuracy in the movements given to such
cross bar and the parts carried by it; and it will also be understood that the slots
in the bars and the spring pressure upon the bars, allow such bars to slide at
either or both ends of the movements without injury to any of the parts, thus
rendering it unnecessary to accurately regulate the movements given to the
bands.
Between the side frames is a central cross bar M which remains in a fixed
position, and the adjustments of the machine to adapt the same to different sizes
of book covers, are made from this central cross bar towards the front and rear,
and also at each side equally and from the picker shaft N which passes through
bearings on the cross frame B5.
The side bars 0 0¹, Figs. 2, 6 and 16, are parallel with the frames B B', and
they pass beneath the central cross bar M, and at the front end of the machine
the ends of these adjustable side bars 0 0₁ slide in the back grooved surface
of the cross bar B3, and at the extreme rear end of the machine, the ends of said
side bars 0 0¹ slide in the cross bar B, and there is a frame B5 extending across
between the side frames B B¹ and beneath these adjustable side bars 0 0¹; and
these adjustable side bars can be moved bodily towards and from the longitudinal
center line of the machine by right and left hand screws 02 and 05 driven uniformly
by the longitudinal shaft 03 and the miter gears 04 and 06, so that by rotating
the screw shaft 05 and miter gears 0%, shaft 03 and miter gears 0%, the screws 02
and 05 will move these adjustable side bars to any desired point for adapting the
machine to different sizes of book cases or covers, and with these side bars are
carried the supports for the boards hereafter described, and also the edge turners
that are similar to those shown in the aforesaid Letters Patent.
The platform P is supported on the platform post P¹ which is guided at the
bottom by a cross bearer upon the frame of the machine not shown in the drawing,
and the upper part of the post P¹ slides in the stationary arm 13 that extends out
from the back frame B5, and there is a spring 14 that is sufficient to counterpoise
the weight of the platform and the parts carried by it, or nearly so, in order that
the platform cam may carry the platform up and down and arrest the movements
of the same at the proper points, and this spring 14 is beneath the lever or arm F¹
that receives its motion from the platform cam F, and the back end of this arm Fl
slides in a guide 15 upon the frame B³, and the front end of the arm F¹ is
provided with a roller or pin entering the grooved cam F, and by which the
movements are given to the platform.
At the upper end of the post P¹, Figs. 4 and 6, is the platform base 16 with
a hole in it for receiving the upper end of the shaft, and there is a guide clamp 17
that is permanently clamped near the upper end of the shaft, and in this guide
clamp is a hole into which passes a pin 142 upon the platform base, so that this
platform base and the parts carried by it, can be lifted off the upper end of the
post P¹ for adjustments or returned into position, the pin on the platform base
entering the hole in the guide clamp and bringing the parts accurately to place,
and a screw 143 is provided, either in the guide clamp 17 or on the under side
of the platform base 16 for accurately adjusting the point to which the platform
base will pass down upon the post and thereby determine the level of the top of

page_text: the platform that supports the cover while the edges of the fabric are being turned
and the operations heretofore indicated performed.
The edges of the platform base 16 are grooved for receiving the gibs 18 that
are fastened under the adjustable cross bar 19 that rests upon the top of the
platform base, and these gibs allow this bar to be moved bodily towards the front
or towards the back of the machine, and there is a second cross bar 24 that is
permanently bolted to the platform base 16, and these bars 19 and 24 carry plat-
form extension blocks 25, and the edges of the bars 19 and 24 are grooved to
receive the hook-shaped flanges extending down from the platform extension
blocks, hence these blocks 25 can be slipped laterally for varying the area of
the support for the cover, or these platform extension blocks can be taken off
and others substituted so as to obtain the proper operative surface for the cover
to rest upon while the edges of the fabric are being turned.
These platform extension blocks are grooved transversely to receive the fingers 27
that are sufficiently long to extend from the cross bar 24 to the cross bar 19, and
they pass into the grooves of the extension blocks upon the cross bar 19, as illus-
trated in Fig. 2, so as to bridge over the space between the extension blocks
upon the cross bar 19, and those upon the cross bar 24, so that by this construction
the platform extension blocks 25 can be moved to the right and left upon the
bars 19 and 24 to obtain the necessary width for the covers, and the cross bar 19
and the blocks carried by it can be moved towards the front of the machine, the
gibs 18 sliding in the grooves of the platform base, and the sizes of the parts
are such as to be adapted to covers of ordinary sizes, but when the platform
extension blocks 25 are drawn apart, the movable center pieces 28 can be attached
to the top surfaces of the bars 19 and 24, several center pieces being provided of
different sizes so as to fill up the central space of the platform after the adjustment
to suit the size of the cover; and it is to be understood that when the glued
fabric is being drawn along by the cross bar L and grippers, the platform P is
raised to near the level of the under side of the cross bar L, and the picker with
the cover boards and back lining are swung around as hereafter described, and
pressed down upon the fabric to deposit the cover boards and back lining upon
the fabric, and then the platform is pressed down by the picker, and the folding
bars turn up the fabric at the top and bottom edges of the cover boards, and the fold-
ing bars come over the cover boards to lay the fabric down upon the same substantially
as in the aforesaid patent, and then the picker presses the platform down a second
time and the side folders fold over the fabric at the right and left edges of the
cover, and pressure is applied at each operation to cause the glued fabric to
adhere to the cover boards.
The front folder bar Q, Figs. 2 and 4, is adjustable towards and from the central
cross bar M by the screws s, that extend to the rear of the machine, Figs. 1 and 5,
and are driven by a cross shaft, st and the miter gears 2, and the parts are adjusted
so that the space between the edges of the front folder bar Q and the central
cross bar M corresponds to the measurements of the cover from the top to the
bottom edges, hence the fabric is folded up by coming against these bars M
and Q as the platform is pushed down by the picker, and then the edge turners & t
are moved towards each other by an end motion given to the slide cam bars u u¹
in which are diagonal slots receiving blocks with pins connected to the edge
turners tt, and these slide cam bars receive motion simultaneously from the
rock shaft R and arms R' that have a rod 1 at their upper ends passing into
forks depending from the slide cam bars u u¹, and the rock shaft R receives its
motion from the cam G and lever G¹ that are connected by a link vi to an arm v
upon the rock shaft R.
In the aforesaid Patent there are described creasers or "
nickers-in" acting at
the corners of the book cover. The nicker-in c, Figs. 6, 36, 37 and 38, is in the
form of a block with a rib 30 upon its under side, and the lower edge of the
nicker-in is rounded. This rib 30 is received into a groove on the under side of
the edge turner t, and there is a stock 31 having a flange at its back edge running

page_text: .
in a groove in the under side of the back edge of the cross bar M (or front folder
bar Q), and this stock 31 is notched, as shown in Fig. 37, for receiving the
nicker-in block c, and this stock 31 is placed so that one edge of the nicker-in is
in line with the corner of the cover board, as indicated at 32, hence after the
edge of the fabric has been turned vertically by the descent of the platform, as
illustrated in Fig. 38, and motion is given to the edge turnert, the fabric is
turned over upon the cover board, and the nicker-in presses down the folded
fabric in the form illustrated in Fig. 37, and this operation corresponds with the
operation performed in making book covers by hand, so that the fabric at the
extreme corner is folded; and it will be observed that the nicker-in
the stock 31 are also held in their proper position at the angle by the downward
projection 33 upon the nicker-in, and the similar projection 34 upon the stock 31
passing into the groove 35 on the top of the second edge turner 0 or 0¹.
c and
The nicker-in is liable to receive glue upon its under surface because it slides
over the glued surface of the fabric after it has turned in the fabric at the corner.
To remove this glue a spring 36, Figs. 36, 37 and 38, is fastened at its back end
on the under side of the stock 31, and its front end lies closely adjacent to the
edge of the nicker-in c, as seen in Figs. 37 and 38; and it will be observed that
the stock 31 remains stationary while the nicker-in e is moved forward along
with the edge turner t, and hence as the nicker-in is drawn back by the retraction
of the edge turner, the nicker-in is moved over the spring 36, the end of which
scrapes off any adhering matter from the edge turner, and there is opportunity
for this to drop away, and upon reference to Fig. 37, it will be observed that the
notch in the stock 31 is made with a scraping edge 37 closely adjacent to the
operative side of the nicker-in, so that as the nicker-in is drawn back the edge 37
scrapes the side of the nicker-in to remove any adhesive material that may be
thereon. It is to be understood that a stock, a nicker-in and its spring are applied
at each angle of the cover, the parts being made in reverse or handed, so as to
occupy the proper relative positions and act in the manner before described.
After the top and bottom edges of the fabric have been folded over as aforesaid,
the edge turners t are allowed to remain in a projected position momentarily while
the pressure upon the picker is sufficiently relieved to allow the cam F to raise
the platform and apply a pressure between the under surface of the edge
turners to cause the adhesive material to firmly affix the fabric to the cover
boards. After this the picker is again forced down carrying with it the platform
and the cover boards and turning the fabric at the right and left hand edges of
the cover upward by contact with the second folders 0 0¹, and below these
folders and O¹ are the second edge turners 38 that are acted upon by slide cam
bars 39 that receive motion from the lever G2, shaft G³, arms and rod G4, as
illustrated in Figs. 4 and 6, these parts being substantially the same as in the
aforesaid Patent, and the edge turners fold the fabric at the right and left hand
edges of the cover over the cover boards, and the picker is now caused to rise
and pressure is applied by the platform and against the under sides of the edge
turners to cause the glued fabric to firmly adhere to the surfaces of the cover
boards, the cam F acting to lift the platform.
The device for supplying cover boards and back lining to the picker will be
hereafter described, and at this point I will describe the manner in which the
cover that has been completed, as aforesaid, is carried off and subjected as a
whole to pressure. As soon as the last pressure has been given to the folded
edges, as aforesaid, the platform descends slightly carrying the cover with it,
and the discharging slide 40, Figs. 2 and 6, which is in the form of a bar, is
moved transversely across the platform and carries the cover bodily into the
finishing press. This discharging slide 40 is supported at one end upon the bar 41
and slides at the other end in a groove in the bar B³, and it has thin plates 42 that
pass above and below the cover so as to prevent the discharging slide passing
above or below the cover, and at this time the platform is held in such a position
that the discharging slide passes in contact, or nearly so, with the top surface

page_text: of the platform, and there is a belt 43 passing around pulleys 44 and 45, and
pulleys 46 to pulleys 47, Figs. 6 and 8, where the ends of the belts are secured,
and this pulley 47 is rotated first in one direction and then in the other, by a
pinion and rack lever D³, shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3, the rack receiving its
motion from the cam D.
The pulley 44 is shown in Fig. 6, and the pulley 45 is shown in Fig. 8, the
belt 43 passing around these pulleys, and the slider of the discharge slide 40
being fastened to such belt 43, and the proper motion is given to the parts so
that the discharge slide 40 carries the finished book cover bodily out into the
finishing press, represented in Figs. 3, 7 and 8, the finishing press being con-
nected with the side frames B¹ and extending out at the right side of the machine,
a portion only of the frame of the finishing press is shown in Fig. 6; and I remark
that the finishing press as represented in Fig. 8, is viewed as from the rear of the
machine in order to show the parts more clearly, whereas the cross section Fig. 6,
is viewed from the front of the machine looking towards the back.
The side frames 48 of the finishing press are bolted to the side frame B¹ of the
machine and extend, out to the right of the same, and the bottom plate 49 is
suspended by adjusting screws 145 below the frames 48, and there is a bed 50
over which is a sheet of rubber 51 with the edges turned down around the bed 50
and secured by clamping bars 52 and bolts, as seen in Figs. 8 and 9, so that
there is a space between the sheet of rubber and the bed 50, and water or other
liquid is introduced into this space, and the parts are made water tight, hence
when there is a pressure applied to the cover between this water bag and a
platen 53, the rubber water bag causes a uniform pressure to be applied to all
the portions of the cover. This is of great advantage because it ensures a uniformity
in the adhesion of the glue without undue pressure at any part of the cover, which,
in cases where the fabric is embossed, might injure the embossing.
The platen 53, Figs. 3, 7 and 8, is between the side frames 48, and there are
cross shafts 54 with arms 55 and toggles 56 to the platen 53, and the arms 57
are provided with rack teeth at their ends so as to ensure uniformity in the
movements of the rock shafts 54 and the toggles in moving the platen 53, and
at 58, a link w is connected to an arm upon one of the rock shafts, and this link
extends down to the lever 59 that receives motion from a cam groove in the back
of the gear wheel C², this cam being so shaped, see dotted lines, Fig. 3, that it
gives motion to the rock shafts, and by the toggles moves the platen 53, and
applies pressure to the completed cover immediately after it has been carried
out by the discharge slide 40 and in between the water bag 51 and the platen 53,
and the parts are timed so as to hold the completed cover in the finishing press
while another cover is being made, and the pressure is relieved just before the
next finished cover is carried into the finishing press, the completed cover being
carried out of the finishing press in the manner next described.
Between the side frames 48 are the cross shafts 60 connected by gearing 61 80
that they will all rotate together and in the same direction, and upon these shafts 60
are toothed disks 62, the points of which are adapted to engage the cover boards
and move the cover bodily and discharge it from the finishing press. I remark
that it is found advantageous to discharge the cover by a positive movement
because sometimes there is a tendency for the cover to adhere by any slight pro-
jections of glue at the edges of the fabric, and in consequence of the cover boards
and the edges of the fabric coming upward, the disks 62 hold down the cover
upon the water bag as the platen 53 is lifted up by the action of the toggles. The
arbors 60 upon which the toothed disks 62 are mounted are received at their ends
in bars 157 that are screwed to the frames 48, the screws passing through elongated
slots to allow the arbors and their disks to be adjusted so as to act upon the book
cover as it lies upon the water bag or bed of the finishing press. This adjustment
allows for different thicknesses of cover boards. While it is advantageous to
make use of a water bag upon the bed of the finishing press, I do not limit myself
in this particular, because a sheet of soft rubber alone might be employed.

page_text: It will now be understood that the pulley 45 is rotated first in one direction and
then in the other, but from the same a motion is given to the gearing 61 by
providing an internal ratchet wheel on the pulley 45 and a pawl 63, see Fig. 20,
upon a pinion 64 which gears into the intermediate 65 from which motion is
given to the gearing 61, and the parts are so timed that as the discharging slide.
is drawn back by the belt 43, the pulley 45 rotates without turning the gearing,
but as the discharging slide commences to carry another book cover off the plat-
form into the finishing press, the pawl 63 gives motion to the gearing and to
the toothed disks and carries the completed cover out from the finishing press
onto the receiving bracket T so that the press is ready for the next cover to be
brought into it. There are pendant guard plates 152 from the shafts that ter-
minate slightly above the teeth on the bottom edges of the disks, which guard
plates prevent injury to the water bag by only allowing such teeth to slightly
scratch the surface of the water bag.
Hanging down from the frames 48 is a vertical slide bar T₁ which is grooved,
as shown in Fig. 10, and in this groove is a block 66 that is bolted to the vertical
portion of the bracket T, and there is a spring 67 within a recess in the block 66,
and the friction exerted by this spring is regulated by the screw 68; and it will
now be understood that this block 66 forms a guide and a support for the
bracket T, and that this bracket T can descend upon the slide bar T as the covers
are added to it, and the platen 53 extends out slightly over the back end of the
receiving bracket T, hence it will be noticed that the covers are carried out
successively upon the bracket T, and the projection 69 on the end of the platen 53,
forces the bracket and the accumulated covers down each movement of the platen,
so that the top cover upon the bracket is slightly below the top of the water bag,
and hence the next cover is free to pass out upon the pile of covers resting upon
the bracket T.
It is advantageous to provide bars 70 extending out from the cross bar 71
between the frames 48, one of such bars 70 carrying a stop 72 for the advancing
edge of the covers, and there are hanging aprons 73 with their lower edges bent
inward, as seen in Fig. 3, to form guides for the edges of the covers to slide upon
so that the edge of one cover will not become caught against the boards of the
previous cover near the back lining, and these aprons yield as the covers are
forced down upon the pile. The edges of the aprons nearest the press are bent
out as seen in Figs. 3 and 8, to allow the covers to freely enter between the
aprons. When the covers have accumulated sufficiently they are removed and
the bracket raised up to position and the operations repeated
MEANS FOR SUPPLYING THE COVER BOARDS.
As before intimated, the adjustable side bars 0 0¹ extend to the rear of the
machine, and these are provided with hopper extension bars 74 passing over the
cross bar B. The bars 0 0¹ and 74 are permanently connected and adjusted as
aforesaid, and there are plates 75 extending up any desired height to form the
outer sides of the cover hoppers, and there are plates 76 upon the bars 77 that
form the inner sides of the cover hoppers, and the movable blocks 78 at the back
edges of the piles of cover boards serve to keep the cover boards in their proper
positions, and there are stop bars 79 at the front edges of the plates 75 and 76
for determining the positions of the front edges of the cover boards, which cover
boards are shown at 80, but these stop bars 79 do not extend down to the hopper
bars 74 and 77, see Figs. 5 and 43, there being a sufficient space below the lower
ends of the stop bars for one cover board at a time to be drawn out at the bottom
of each pile. The back edges of the bars 79 are inclined as seen in Figs. 5 and 43,
so that the cover boards will easily pass out under such bars 79.
Upon reference to Fig. 14 the shape of the hopper bars sectionally will be
understood, such bars being grooved for the reception of a slider 81 at each side
of the machine, and this slider has upon it a claw or finger 82 upon a spring, as
shown in Figs. 1 and 15, so that as the slider is moved backward the claw springs

page_text: down and passes under the pile of cover boards in the hopper and springs up into
a position for carrying off the bottom board of the pile, as seen in Figs. 15
and 43. The nearly horizontal portion of this claw limits the upward movement
of the spring by coming into contact with the under side of the cover board.
The cross shaft 83, Figs. 1, 5, 13 and 16, has upon it band wheels 84 with the
bands 85 passing around the pulleys 86, and the sliders 81 are connected with
the bands, and the ends of the band are connected to the band wheels 84 so that
they cannot slip, and each time the shaft 83 is partially revolved in one direction
two cover boards are brought forward from their respective hoppers into position
to be taken by the picker, and such boards lie upon the hopper bars 74 with their
outer edges against the ribs of such bars, as seen in Figs. 1 and 14, and they also
rest upon the bars 77, and they are brought forward until their advancing ends
are arrested by the gauge bar 87. In practice it is found that the cover boards
vary slightly in their measurements, and it is important to keep the outer edges
of the cover boards against the gauge ribs upon the bars 74. With this object
in view, spring blades 88 are placed in recesses in the bar 77, and these spring
blades have tongues projecting and acting against the edges of the cover boards
to press said cover boards outwardly into their proper positions, and these springs
yield for any inequalities in the cover boards. It is also advantageous to provide
one or more wire fingers 89 beneath which the cover boards are moved, such
wire fingers preventing the cover boards rising and becoming misplaced as they
are moved along upon the hoppers.
It is advantageous to allow the claw 82 to yield slightly after the end of the
cover board has been arrested by the gauge. With this object in view, a helical
spring 148, Figs. 1, 15 and 48 is inserted between the slider 81 and the base
of the claw, and this is easily accomplished by connecting each belt 85 with a
block 147 that is fastened by bolts in a slot to the slider 81, and the base of the
claw is connected to the slider by bolts passing through a slot in the slider, the
helical spring at 148 intervening between one of the bolts and the slider. It will be
apparent that the sliders and claws have to receive substantially the same extent
of motion regardless of the size of the cover board, but the sliders and claws
require to be set further back for larger cover boards and the reverse. To effect
this object the shaft 83 which carries the band wheels can be partially turned in
the sleeve by loosening the screw 157, and in this way the sliders and claws can
be set in any desired positions so that they move back sufficiently far to engage
the back edges of the covers for carrying them into position to be taken by the
picker.
BACK LINING DEVICES.
The back lining of the book is to be of greater or less width according to the
thickness of the book, and it is necessary to adjust the bars 77 to provide greater
or less distance between the adjacent edges of the cover boards. These bars 77
are adjusted by the right and left hand screws 90 which are connected by the
miter gears 91 and shaft 92, and as these bars 77 are adjusted the springs 88 are
moved with them and also the plate 76, so that the parts that act upon the inner
edges of the cover boards are adjusted to suit the width of the back lining.
It is found advantageous to make use of paper for the back lining, and to support
a roll of paper the troughs 93 are provided, the same being in the form of plates
fastened at their upper ends to the cross bar B and having inclined flanges
extending towards each other, as seen in Figs. 5 and 18, so that the roll of paper
can rest upon such flanges and thereby a small detaining friction will be applied
to the paper, and the strip of paper passes off between the pair of rolls V and
then through the pair of feeding rolls W, and these are moved as hereafter
described, so that the strip of paper 161 is projected by the feed rolls W upon
the inner top parts of the bars 77 and between plates 154 carrying the spring
blades 88, as illustrated in Fig. 1, and the extent of movement given to the back
lining strip 161 is sufficient to supply the proper length for the back lining

page_text: and the end of the back lining strip 161 should stop in line with the cover boards
as indicated in Fig. 1, there being only one cover board shown as in position and
the back lining in its place, and the picker as it descends to pick up the cover
boards and the back lining, as hereafter described, acts upon the cutter 94, which
is a thin blade adjacent to a stationary bed shear 95 and cuts off the back lining
ready to be taken away by the picker.
The rolls are represented in larger size in Fig. 17. Each roll has a circular
cutter 96, and these cutters stand in opposite positions so that they form rotary
shears or slitters, and next to each cutter is a disk of rubber 97, the cutter and
the disk of rubber being mounted upon a hollow stock 98 revolving freely upon
a pin 99 held in a downward projecting bracket 100 below the bars 77; and it
will be observed by this Fig. 17, that the cutting edges are in line with the inner
faces of the plates 154 to which the springs 88 are attached, and as the strip of
paper is drawn along by the feed rolls W and between the pairs of cutters, the
strip of paper is cut upon its opposite edges to the required width for the back
lining, and the cutters are adjusted along with the bars 77 so that they need no
individual adjustment when the parts are adjusted for different widths of back
linings, and the rotary cutters are made to operate upon the paper by the act of
drawing the paper along between them, and such paper passes beneath the cross
bar 149, and up between the feed rolls W, as indicated in Fig. 5, and it is
projected over the blade forming the stationary shear as shown in this Fig. 5, in
between the plates 154, but it is necessary to give to the feed rolls W a greater or
less movement for varying the length of the back lining. This is accomplished
in the manner next described.,
It will be observed in Fig. 16 that the cross shaft 83 is supported upon hanging
bearings below the adjustable side bars 0 0¹, and the shaft 83 is grooved longi-
tudinally and there are feathers on the band wheels 84 passing into such groove;
hence the band wheels will be adjusted along with the adjustment of the side
bars 0 0¹ to maintain the proper position of the band wheels in relation to the
slider and claw; and for giving motion to the cross shaft 83, the sliding rack E
is made use of, there being teeth upon the top of this rack for engaging the gear
wheel 101 upon the shaft 83, and this rack E also gives motion to the picker
shaft hereafter described and receives its movement from the cam E. The shaft 83
is also supported by the U-shaped frame 102 secured to and extending out from
the cross-bar 15, (see Fig. 13), and the rack E slides in a support at one side of
this frame, as seen in Figs. 16 and 21.
Referring to Figs. 13, 16 and 21, it will be understood that the wheel 101 is
loose upon the shaft 83, and there is a sleeve 103 around this shaft 83 between
the frames 102, and upon this sleeve is a clutch 104 sliding on a feather upon the
sleeve so that the two are connected, and there is a pin 105 that engages the
wheel 101. This clutch 104 can be slipped upon the sleeve 103 in either one
direction or the other by the fork 106 that is supported at the other end by a
shaft 107, from the lower end of which a lever 108 extends and there is a rod 109
(see Fig. 16), that extends to the front end of the machine so that the attendant
by this rod can connect the clutch 104 with the wheel 101 so as to give motion
to the parts that feed in the cover boards and the back lining, or stop the same
without arresting the movements of the other parts of the machine, and around
this sleeve 103 is a gear wheel 110 connected to the sleeve by a friction device,
such as a washer and nut 111, so that the friction is sufficient for giving motion
to the parts, but the sleeve can turn without the gear wheel if the latter is stopped.
This gear wheel 110 need not have teeth all the way around it as the shaft 83
does not receive a full rotation, and this wheel 110 gears into the wheel 112 upon
the shaft 113. This shaft and the parts connected with it are shown in plan,
in Fig. 13, and section in larger size in Fig. 22, and the wheel 112 is loose upon
the shaft 113, and there is a frictional connection similar to a frictional wheel
feed in a sewing machine, between such gear 112 and the shaft 113, so that when
the wheel 112 is turned back, the shaft 113 will stand still, and when it is turned

page_text: forward, the shaft 113 will be rotated with the wheel 112, and upon the outer
end of the shaft 113 is a wheel 114 and intermediate gear 115 that gives motion
to the gears 116 upon the arbors of the paper feed rolls W.
Any suitable frictional connection can be employed between the gear 112 and
the shaft 113; I have, however, represented a circular flange 117 fastened upon
the shaft 113 with. a grooved ring 118 between the face of the flange 117 and the
gear 112. There is preferably a disk permanently fastened to the wheel 112 and
intervening between the same and the ring 118, and in the flange 117 is an
annular groove receiving the cramp block 119 rigidly connected by a screw with
the ring 118, and there is a spring 120 acting against the ring 118 and at right
angles, or nearly so, to the cramp block 119 and the pin 179 entering a mortise
in the ring 118 opposite to the block 119 to cause the ring to turn with the
gear 112.
When the wheel 112 is moved in one direction by the wheel 110, the cramp
block 119 binds in the groove of the flange 117 in consequence of the pin 179
acting in the same direction as the spring 120 to give lateral motion to the ring 118
and cause the corners of the block 119 to bind in said groove, and when moving
in the other direction, the cramp block slides freely in the groove of the flange 117
in consequence of the pin 179 acting against the spring to bring the ring 118
concentric and cause the block 119 to slide without binding, hence the shaft 113 is
turned in one direction only, and the movements are given through the shaft 113
and gear 114 to the feed rolls when such shaft 113 is turned. Upon the gear 110 a
pin 121 projects and it is stopped in one direction by a fixed pin 122 and in the
other direction by the pin 123 in a segmental slot in the frame 102 (see Fig. 12),
and by adjusting this pin 123, the point at which the feed rolls will be stopped
in projecting the back lining is determined; and it will be apparent that the
movement of the gear 110 being limited by the stops 122 and 123, the feeding in
of the back lining can be accurately regulated, and the shaft 83 can receive a
further turning movement in either direction without moving the gear 110 in
consequence of the connection between the sleeve and the gear 110 being frictional,
and the amount of friction can be readily adjusted by the washer and nut 111
so that there will not be any slip in the feeding in of the back lining. In order
to prevent the end of the back lining from adhering to the bed shear, a spring 150
may be introduced in the throat or opening through which the back lining is
passed, to lift the end of the back lining off the bed shear, and thereby ensure
its proper movement over the supports upon the edges of the bars 77.
spring 150 is simply a thin plate of metal attached at the edge that is nearest
to the feed rolls W, as seen in Fig. 1, and the edge near the bed shear 95 is
curved slightly upward, as seen in Fig. 5, so as to raise the end of the back lining
strip after the shear has cut off the back lining.
This
When the cover boards are quite thin, the pressure on their edges of the
springs 88 may buckle such cover boards and prevent the pickers lifting them by
the suction. To prevent this, the springs 88 may be adjusted by screws 158, (see
Fig. 51), so that the springs 88 only act as guides and do not press upon the edges
of the cover boards.
The shear or cutter 94 is pivoted at 137 and there is preferably a spring 138
(see Fig. 39), to raise the cutter, and the picker, as it is brought down as hereafter
described, acts upon this shear to give motion to the same, and it passes above the
top of the stock 139 of the shear and a finger 124 passes into an opening in the
picker arm as illustrated in Fig. 16, so that as the picker is lifted the shear is
raised automatically and reliably by the arm N¹ acting upon the pin 124 and the
spring 138 aids in moving and holds the shear in the position shown by full lines
in Fig. 16.
PICKER OR TRANSFER MECHANISM.
In the aforesaid patent, there is a picker acting by pins to transfer the cover
boards to the glued cover fabric. The present invention includes means for more

page_text: The picker shaft N, Figs. 1, 2 and 4, is supported in the bearings 15 and 126
that extend out from the cross frame B5 and the pinion 125 surrounding the
picker shaft N is made with a sleeve extending up to the top of the bearing 126,
the pinion itself being between the lower end of the bearing 126 and the bearing
or arm 13, and this pinion receives motion from the rack E that is actuated
by the cam F and lever F2, and the picker shaft and picker are raised and
lowered by the cam E and lever E, and the upper part of the nicker shaft is
tubular, and there is a key 127 in the pinion 125, and the picker shaft N is
grooved longitudinally for the key so that the shaft and pinion turn together,
but the shatt can be moved vertically through the pinion.
In the bearing 120, there is an annular recess at 128 from which extends a
tube 155 to the pump X, (see Figs. 1, 3 and 11,) and this pump is actuated by the
lever E¹ so as to produce a suction or minus pressure in the annular recess at
the proper time, and the sleeve of the pinion 125 is slotted and there is a lateral
opening into the tube of the picker shaft N at this slot in the sleeve of the pinion,
so that suction can be applied at the proper time from the pump and through the
tubular picker shaft into the picker arm N¹ which is also hollow, as shown in
Fig. 4; and there are tubular connections and flexible tubes 129 to the picker
blocks 130 and 131, which blocks are supported upon bars 132 and 140. The
bar 140 is secured to the under surface of the picker arm N¹ and the adjustable
bar 132 is attached by gibs 141 secured to the base of the picker arm and the
blocks 130 can be set further out or in according to the size of the cover boards,
or the picker blocks can be slipped off the bars and others inserted of different
sizes, and the picker blocks 130 are adapted to act upon the cover boards and the
blocks 131 are adapted to act upon the back lining and these blocks 131 are secured
to the under side of the bars 132 and 140.
The picker head is formed with arms 134 projecting at right angles to the
main portion of the arm N¹, and there are tubular openings at the ends of these
arms 134 and there are vertical studs 133 supported from the central cross bar M,
and these are accurately in a plane passing through the center of the picker
shaft and parallel to the sides of the central cross bar M.
It will now be understood that the picker shaft and picker are raised vertical
until the blocks 130 and 131 are above the cross bars, and the arms 134 are
above the upper ends of the studs 133 and at this time the rack E receives an
end motion and gives to the pinion 125 and picker shaft N a half revolution in
either one direction or the other, and as the picker shaft and the parts carried
by it are lowered, the studs 133 act as guides for ensuring the proper position
of the picker; and it is advantageous to cut away the lower portions of the arms 134
at one side so that as the picker is swung around, the upper end of the highest
stud 133 will arrest the movements of the arms 134 so that the picker and its
shaft can be immediately lowered with the holes in the arms 134 receiving the
vertical studs 133 so that the movements can be comparatively rapid and the
positions of the parts will be positively determined.
The under surfaces of the picker blocks are recessed to a greater or less extent
and receive elastic suction cups 156, as seen in Fig. 41, so that when the picker
is swung around over the cover boards and back lining and lowered to rest upon
them, and a minus pressure or suction is applied through the tubular picker
shaft and flexible tubes 129, the picker blocks engage and hold firmly the cover
boards and the back lining and the picker is raised bodily and swung around a
half revolution and then arrested by the studs and the parts lowered so as to bring
the cover boards and the back lining properly down upon the glued muslin that
is in position for receiving such boards as before mentioned.
The suckers for the back lining are preferably made of rubber strips secured
to the under surfaces of a metal plate and projecting down below the plane of
the cover boards so as to properly rest upon the thinner back lining and the suction
tubes continue as holes through these rubber blocks.
Bearing in mind the general statements made in the commencement of this

page_text: Specification, it will now be understood that two cover boards and the back lining
are brought into position, the picker block is swung around over them, and as it
is brought down, the back lining is cut off from the strip, the boards and back
lining are lifted up by the picker and swung around over the platform, and by
this time a glued cover fabric has been brought along to position and the platform
raised to receive and support such glued fabric, and the picker is lowered,
deposits the cover boards and back lining upon the glued fabric and applies
pressure to the same as the platform is forced downward, and the top and bottom
edges of the fabric are turned as before described; and the nickers-in act and the
platform is forced down still further and the right and left hand edges of the
cover fabric are folded over and pressed firmly, and as the picker is relieved,
rises and is swung around, the discharge slide carries out the completed cover
to the finishing press, two cover boards are brought from the hoppers into position,
the back lining strip is projected and the parts are ready for the picker to descend
and the operations to be repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First. The combination with a vessel for containing glue or similar adhesive
material of a glue roll and means for turning the same first in ono direction and
then in the other, and two scrapers, one for regulating the thickness of the glue
upon the surface and the other for scraping the surface, substantially as set forth.
Second. In combination with a vessel for containing glue or similar adhesive
material, a glue roll and means for turning the same first in one direction and
then in the other, and two scrapers one for regulating the thickness of the glue
upon the surface and the other for scraping the surface and means for adjusting
the scrapers, substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination in a book-cover machine, of a glue roll and glue
vessel, a cloth segment and grippers, mechanism for turning the glue roll first
in one direction and then in the other, and a shaft for supporting the cloth
segment, means for revolving the shaft first in one direction and then in the
other, means for connecting the shaft and the cloth segment when the shaft is
revolving in one direction and disconnecting the same and holding the cloth
segment when the shaft is revolving in the other direction, substantially as set
forth.
Fourth. The combination with a vessel for containing glue or similar adhesive
material, of a glue roll and means for turning the same first in one direction and then
in the other, and means for regulating the thickness of the glue left upon the
surface of the roll, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The combination in a book cover machine, of a cloth roll or segment,
means for revolving the same, a glue vessel and glue roll and means for furning
the giue roll first in one direction and then in the other, and a scraper for regulat
ng the thickness of the glue upon the roll as it is brought into contact with the
cloth on the segment, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination with the cloth segment, of grippers, a shaft for the
cloth segment, a gear wheel unon the shaft, a spring bolt carried by the gear
wheel and adapted to engage the arm of the gripper shaft for closing the grippers
and revolving the cloth segment, and a bolt for holding the cloth segment while
the gear and its spring' bolt are revolved in the opposite direction, substantially
as set forth.
Seventh. The combination with the cloth segment and its gripper shaft and
grippers, of a spring bolt and its support for actuating the grippers and rotating
the cloth segment, a second bolt for connecting the cloth segment and actuating
device, a stationary cam for disconnecting the second bolt, and a spring bolt for
holding the cloth segment during the movement in the opposite direction of the
actuating device, substantially as set forth,

page_text: Eighth. The combination with the glue roll and means for revolving the same
first in one direction and then in the other, of a cloth segment and a wheel for
revolving the segment with the cloth in contact with the glue roll, grippers upon
the cloth segment, a gauge for determining the position of the cloth on the
segment, and means for moving the gauge out of the way before the cloth and 5
segment are revolved, substantially as set forth.
Ninth. The combination in a book cover machine, of a platform and post,
means for supporting and for raising and lowering the platform post, a platform
base removable from the upper. end of the post, a guide clamp extending out from
the platform post and a pin for connecting the platform base and clamp and cross
bars and platform sections supported by the cross bars and forming the surface
of the platform, substantially as set forth.
Tenth. The combination in a book cover machine, of a platform adapted to
receive the covering fabric, the boards and the back lining, a vertical post and
means for raising and lowering the same, a guide arm rigidly clamped to the upper
end of the post, a platform base to which the platform is connected and which
base is removable from the upper end of the post and is located between the guide
clamp and the platform, and a vertical slip connection between the platform base
and the guide clamp for holding the parts in their proper relative positions and
for allowing the platform and its base to be easily lifted off, substantially as set
forth.
Eleventh. The combination with the edge turners for folding the cloth over
the edges of the cover boards of movable nicker-in blocks acting at the corners
of the cover and stationary scrapers for removing from the nicker-in blocks glue
or adhesive material, substantially as set forth.
Twelfth. The combination with means for folding the fabric over the edges of
the cover boards, of nicker-in blocks, a stock for each nicker-in block, a rib and,
groove for moving the nicker-in block by the folder and a guide rib and groove
for holding the nicker-in in position, substantially as set forth.
Thirteenth. The combination with means for folding the fabric over the edges
of the cover boards, of nicker-in blocks, a stock for each nicker-in block, a rib
and groove for moving the nicker-in block by the folder, and a guide rib and
groove for holding the nicker-in in position, and a spring connected with the stock
and acting to scrape the surface of the nicker-in block, substantially as set forth.
Fourteenth. The combination in a machine for making book covers with the
means for bringing together the cover boards and the glued fabric and means for
turning over the edges of the latter, of a finishing press having a yielding bed
upon which is received the cover fabric and a platen and mechanism for moving
the parts to apply a pressure to the entire cover and hold the same while the glue
consolidates, and means for delivering the cover from the finishing press and for
simultaneously bringing in another cover, substantially as set forth.
Fifteenth. A finishing press for book covers composed of a bed and platen, in
combination with toggle bars for giving motion to the platen, a discharge slide
for bringing the cover into the finishing press, and toothed disks for carrying the
cover out of the finishing press, substantially as set forth.
Sixteenth. The combination in a finishing press for book covers, of a bed, a
platen, rock shaft and toggle bars for giving motion to the platen, cross shafts
and toothed disks passing through slots in the platen, and means for rotating the
toothed disks and discharging the book cover, substantially as set forth.
Seventeenth. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of a
finishing press having a platen, and a bed and a water bag upon the bed, mech-
anism for applying pressure to hold the entire cover between the water bag and the
platen and to apply pressure simultaneously and firmly over the entire surface of
the cover for holding the same while the glue consolidates, substantially as set
forth.
Eighteenth. The combination in a finishing press for book covers, of a bed
having a water bag surface, a platen and means for pressing the same upon the

page_text: book cover, toothed disks and means for rotating the same for delivering the book
covers, and guards hanging from the shafts of the toothed disks to prevent injury
to the water bag, substantially as set forth.
Nineteenth. The combination in a finishing press for book covers, of means for
passing the book cover into the finishing press, a bed and platen and means for
actuating the latter to apply pressure to the finished cover, means for discharging
the cover from the finishing press, a bracket and frictional support for the same
upon which the covers are delivered in succession, and a projection from the platen
for moving down the bracket and the pile of covers successively and giving space
for the reception of the next cover, substantially as set forth.
Twentieth. The combination in a book cover machine of means for applying
the cloth to the cover boards, a finishing press for receiving the covers and means
for applying pressure to the cover while in the finishing press for holding the fabric
firmly to the cover boards while the glue consolidates, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-first. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of mech-
anism for applying the glue to the covering fabric, mechanism for bringing the
boards and back lining into position upon the glued fabric, and for turning the
edges of the fabric, and a finishing press for receiving the cover and applying a
pressure to the entire surface while the glue is consolidating, substantially as
set forth.
of
Twenty-second. The combination in a machine for making book covers,
mechanism for applying the glue to the covering fabric, mechanism for bringing
the boards and back lining into position upon the glued fabric, and for turning
the edges of the fabric, and a finishing press for receiving the cover and applying
a pressure to the entire surface while the glue is consolidating, and automatic
mechanism for discharging the cover from the finishing press, substantially as
set forth.
Twenty-third. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of
mechanism for applying the glue to the covering fabric, mechanism for bringing
the boards and back lining into position upon the glued fabric, and for turning
the edges of the fabric, and a finishing press for receiving the cover and applying
a pressure to the entire surface while the glue is consolidating, automatic mech-
anism for conveying the cover from the devices that fold the edges of the fabric
into the finishing press, and automatic mechanism for delivering the cover from
the finishing press, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-fourth. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of means
for applying adhesive material to the covering fabric, and for bringing the cover
boards and back lining into contact with the covering fabric and for folding over
the edges of the covering fabric, a finishing press for receiving and acting upon
the entire surface of the cover while the glue is hardening, and automatic mech-
anism for carrying the cover into the finishing press and for carrying the previously
finished cover out of the finishing press, substantially as specified.
of a
Twenty-fifth. The combination in a machine for making book covers,
finishing press and means for delivering the cover into such finishing press, a
vertical grooved slide bar at one side of the finishing press, a bracket and a pro-
jection thereon entering the groove of the slide bar, a spring and screw for
adjusting the friction and means for forcing down the bracket as the finished
covers accumulate upon the same, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-sixth. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of side
bars, means for adjusting the side bars for different widths of covers, extensions
upon the side bars and to the rear for receiving and supporting piles of cover
boards, and means for removing the bottom cover board in each pile of boards
and means for supplying a back lining between the cover boards, substantially
as set forth.
Twenty-seventh. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of
side bars, means for adjusting the side bars for different widths of covers, exten-
sions upon the side bars and to the rear for receiving and supporting piles of cover

page_text: boards, and means for removing the bottom cover board in each pile of boards
and means for supplying a back lining between the cover boards, a picker and
means for actuating the same and transferring the cover boards and back lining
to position upon the glued fabric, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-eighth. The combination in a book cover machine with the side bars
and hoppers supporting the pile of cover boards, of means for adjusting the side
bars and hopper to adapt the machine to different sizes of cover boards, a slider
received into a groove in each side bar and supported by the same so as to be
adjusted with the side bars, and a spring claw connected with each slider for
acting upon the lower cover board in each pile, substantially as set forth."
Twenty-ninth. In a machine for making book covers, the combination of
hoppers for containing the cover boards in vertical piles, means for adjusting the
hoppers to suit different sizes of cover boards and means for varying the distance
between the cover boards for different thicknesses of books, guides for the exterior
edges of the cover boards and springs acting at the inner edges of the cover
boards for pressing them outward against the guides, and means for moving two
cover boards away from the bottom of each pile, substantially as set forth.
a
Thirtieth. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of means for
supplying the cover boards to position in the machine, feed rolls for feeding
strip of paper of the proper length to form the back lining and a cutter for
severing the back lining from the strip of paper, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-first. The combination in a machine for making book covers, of means
for supplying the cover boards to position in the machine, feed rolls for feeding રી
strip of paper of the proper length to form the back lining, a cutter for severing
the back lining from the strip of paper, and cutters acting to trim off surplus in
the width of the paper for the back lining, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-second. The combination with the holder for a roll of paper, of feed rolls
for drawing along the strip of paper, circular cutters between which the paper is
drawn and by which the surplus width of paper is cut off, and a shear for separating
the strip of paper at the lengths required for the back lining, substantially as
as set forth.
Thirty-third. In a machine for making book covers, a pair of rolls for feeding
in a strip of paper for the back lining, variable mechanism for determining the
length of paper fed in by the rolls, and a shear for cutting off the strip of paper for
the back lining, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-fourth. The combination with the sliders and claws for bringing the
cover boards from their piles and the mechanism for supporting such piles of
cover boards, of feed rolls for supplying a strip of paper to form the back lining
and a shear for severing the strip of paper, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-fifth. The combination with the feed rolls for supplying the back lining
and the shear for severing the same, of a wheel and means for turning the same
first in one direction and then in the other by a frictional appliance, stops for
determining the extent of movement given to the wheel, a pair of feed rolls and
a frictional clutch mechanism acting to give motion to the feed rolls, and allowing
the same to remain stationary as the clutch mechanism moves in the opposite
direction, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-sixth. The combination in a book cover machine with means for supply-
ing the covers and the back lining, of a picker, an arm and shaft for supporting
the same, mechanism for raising and lowering the picker and giving to the same
a half rotation, guide studs for determining the positions of the picker, a pinion,
sleeve and feather for giving motion to the picker shaft, the sleeve being recessed
and the picker shaft being made tubular, and flexible tubes connected with the
picker blocks for acting upon the cover boards and back lining by a suction action
or minus pressure and transferring them from one position to another, substan-
tially as set forth.
Thirty-seventh. The combination with the picker shaft and arm, of picker
blocks, means for supporting and adjusting the blocks to adapt them to different

page_text: sizes of book covers, and suction mechanism for acting between the cover boards
and the picker blocks for lifting and moving the cover boards, substantially as
set forth.
Thirty-eighth. The combination with the picker shaft and arm, of cross bars
connected with the arm, picker blocks adjustable on the cross bars, and suction
pipes passing through the picker blocks and acting to hold the cover boards to the
picker blocks, substantially as set forth.
Thirty-ninth. The combination with the picker shaft and arm, of cross bars
connected with the arm, picker blocks adjustable on the cross bars, suction pipes
and elastic suction cups within recesses in the under sides of the picker blocks,
substantially as set forth.
Doted this 19th day of
1007
BREWER & SON,
London & Leeds, Agents for the Applicant.