Improvements in Pea Threshing Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 11th Nov., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pea Threshing Machines.
I, CECIL ELWIN PATERSON of Tooradin in the Colony of Victoria, Grazier,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention of improvements in pea threshing machines relates first and
mainly, to the construction of the rolls that are employed to squeeze or crush the
them the surface of which I form of rubber preferably made up of
pods to reinafter explained and second, to the combination with such rolls of a
rings as
rotary beater arranged beneath them and driven at a considerably higher velocity
than the rolls the beater being supported centrally within a semi-cylindrical casing
between which, and its extreme diameter is an annular throat or channel of
sufficient width to allow the peas pods and straw to be conveyed by the rotary
action of the beater to the screen. In a machine constructed with my improve-
ments employ screens winnower and rakes of the type that usually form part of
such machines and to which said parts make no special claim and only describe
them herein and illustrate them in the drawings in order to allow of my improvements
and their location in the machine being well understood.
In the attached drawings
:―
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through centre of a portable pea threshing
machine having my improvements embodied in it, and
Fig. 2 a plan looking down on top of Fig. 1 with the feed hopper removed.
Fig. 3 a longitudinal section, and
Fig. 4 a transverse section through one of the rubber surfaced crushing rolls.
AA are the rubber surface or jacketted rolls the spindles of which are supported
in bearings A' carried on the framing B of the machine. One part of Fig. 3
shews the rubber surface formed as preferred by arranging on metal drum A*
closely fitting rubber rings a that are held upon the drum by a screwed end
washer A' whilst the other part shews the rubber surface formed of one thickness
of rubber a¹ that may either be in the form of a tube drawn over the drum A² or
be formed of a sheet of rubber cemented or otherwise secured thereon. C is the
beater or threshing drum its spindle being supported in bearings borne by the
framing B and arranged at the position shewn. C' is the semi-annular throat or
passage way between beater C and the semi-cylindrical casing C. D is the feed
hopper leading to the rolls. E are the rakes or conveyors for passing the straws,
stalks and pods over the screen F, and underneath the latter is an inclined shoot Fi
to lead the peas that pass through the screen back to the riddles G which combined
with the fan G₁ form the winnower. G' are movable louvers in mouth of fan
to regulate the current therefrom. Gare the delivery chutes of riddle box.
F is an eccentric rod worked by an eccentric on fan spindle and connected with
screen F to impart to it a longitudinal shake. F³ is another eccentric rod also
worked from an eccentric on fan spindle and connected with the riddle box to give
it its necessary shake. G' are swing bars supported by eye bolts B¹ from frame B
and upon said bars G the riddle box is hung. The screen F is carried by swing
bars hung from eye bolts B' secured to the frame of machine. E are tilt
combs that rise and fall from a horizontal to an inclined position by reason of the
end parts of the comb bars being secured to small levers E' the top ends of which
are centred on studs secured to the side framing. E' are the four throw crank
shafts carrying the rakes E said cranks having discs E at one end, the pins of
which are connected together by a rod E' whilst motion is imparted to the disc
nearest the rolls by a belt from a small pulley H³ on end of fan spindle the other

page_text: end of which carries a pulley H to which motion is imparted and to pulley H₁ on
end of beater shaft by a belt from any suitable driving gear. The rubber rolls
have motion imparted to them by a small spur pinion C on end of beater shaft
gearing with a spur wheel C ou end of one of the roller spindles whilst the other
end of roller spindles have pinions C on them that gear with one another.
The operation of the machine when set in motion by the gears just described is
ns follows:-The unthreshed peas are fed to the hopper D which lead them to
between the rolls A where the pods are crushed just sufficient to crack or open them
and without splitting the peas, the pliable or spring nature of the rubber surfaces
preventing the possibility of such occuring then as the unthreshed peas pass
through the rolls they are threshed by the beater C, and from thence they pass
through channel or throat C' to the screen F, the peas falling through it, and the
rakes E carrying the stalks etc. along the screen and over its further end, the tilt
combs in the mean time rising at regular intervals to prevent the return of same
with the backward stroke of the rakes. The peas fall to shoot F' leading to the
riddles G where they are cleaned or winnowed and then paɛs into chutes Gleading
to a bin at side of machine or to the bags.
Although my improvements are described as applied to a pea threshing machine
they may also be employed in machines for threshing beans and other similar seed
that have pods or shells.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In pea threshing machines rolls having their crushing surface formed of
rubber preferably made up of rings as and for the purpose herein described and
substantially as illustrated in Figure 3 of my drawings.
2. In pea threshing machines the combination with the crushing rolls of a beater
such as a semi-annular throat or channel such as C¹, and a semi-cylindrical casing
such as C as and for the purpose herein described and substantially as illustrated
in my drawings.
Dated this 21st day of August 1893.
C. E. PATERSON.