IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jabez Oldfield, of Carlisle Place, Manningham,
Bradford, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING.'
MENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jabez Oldfield at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th June 1874.
I, JABEZ OLDFIELD, of Carlisle Place, Manningham, Bradford, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN WEAVING," to be as follows:-
The object of one part of the Invention is to obtain increased
efficiency in distending the fabric at the selvages.
In carrying out this part of my improvements I employ a roller temple
with points on its surface, set so that those of one ring or row of them
are interspaced with those of the next, or so as to form spirals; and
they are all set at an angle in the roller, the better to hold in the fabric.

page_text: These pins are applied to the roller by being passed through from the
inside outwards; they are thus securely held from coming out by the
action of the spindle on which the roller revolves. The roller is capable
of revolving on its spindle within a box open at the opposite sides, or
having top and bottom covers with curved surfaces next the roller, the
better to hold the fabric to the pins or points of the roller, and to pro-
tect those points from injury. This box or the covers for the roller are
formed on or applied to one end of a bar, which is supported so as to be
capable of sliding in fixed but adjustable bearings, and is acted upon by
a spring or springs, by which the bar is constantly forced outwards or
towards the batten with an elastic pressure; and to this bar or parts
connected therewith is applied an adjustable stop, in position to be
acted upon by the batten or going part or parts acting therewith, by
which the temples may be slightly withdrawn out of the way of the
reed at the beat-up; and the action of the temples may be brought so
much nearer to the reeds and yet be prevented from touching them, and
be enabled to work close up to the fell of the fabric or last pick of
weft.
By long continued action of the shuttles on the pickers the ends of
the shuttles are liable to hold in the pickers, and this is particularly
injurious when using rotary or shifting shuttle boxes; and the object
of another part of my Invention is to remedy this evil by releasing the
end of the shuttle from the picker after each traverse of the shuttle or
before change of box. For this purpose I apply wedge shaped or other
suitably formed pieces to pass between the shuttles and picker to
separate them, or I give motion to the picker so as first to push back
the shuttle from it and then withdraw the picker from the shuttle.
I effect this in the following manner :- -When the going part of the
loom comes towards the breast beam, one end of a lever comes in con-
tact with a loose catch or incline; and when this contact takes place,
another part of this lever displaces or slightly pushes forward both the
picker and the shuttle; another lever brings back the picker when
pushed forward by the lever just referred to, after releasing the
shuttle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jabez Oldfield in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 28th December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JABEZ
OLDFIELD, of Carlisle Place, Manningham, Bradford, in the County of
York, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of Junc, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Jabez Oldfield, Her special license that
I, the said Jabez Oldfield, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Jabez Oldfield, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Jabez Oldfield, my exccutors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jabez Oldfield, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to lic particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The object of the Invention is first to obtain increased efficiency in
distending the fabric at the selvages, and secondly, to facilitate the
freeing of the shuttles from the pickers after the throw of the shuttle.
But that the Invention may be better understood, I will by the aid
of the accompanying Drawings procced to describe means pursued by
me in carrying the same into effect.

page_text: Figure 1 shews by plan view, Figure 2 by front view, Figure 3 by side
view, and Figure 4 a detail view of an arrangement of temple according
to my Invention. In cach of these views the same letters indicate
corresponding parts.
a is the roller temple, the points a¹ on the surface of which are set so
that those of one ring or row of them are interspaced with those of the
next or so as to form spirals, and they are all set at an angle in the
roller, the better to hold in the fabric. These pius or points a¹ are
applied to the roller by being passed through from the inside outwards,
as is more clearly seen by Figure 4, or they may be applied from the
outside, and the roller is then galvanized, which acts as a preventive
against the injurious effects of damp and also as a further security to
retain the pins a¹ in the roller. These roliers may also be made of wood
or other suitable material. The roller a at each selvage of the fabric is
capable of revolving on its spindle within a box c open at the opposite
sides c¹, c¹, and having top and bottom covers c², c³, with curved surfaces
next the roller a, the better to hold the fabric to the pins or points a¹ of
that roller a and to protect those points from injury. This box c or the
covers for the roller a are formed on or applied, as shewn, to one end
of a bar or arm & which is supported so as to be capable of sliding in
standards e¹, e¹, of the adjustable bearing e; and each of these bars or
arms dis acted upon by a spring by which such bars or arms
constantly forced outwards or towards the batten with an elastic
pressure; g is an adjustable stop applied to the under side of the box c
in position to be acted upon by the batten or going part or parts acting
therewith, by which these temples may be slightly withdrawn out of the
way of the reed at the beat-up, and yet the action of the temples may
be brought so much nearer to the reeds and still be prevented from
touching them and be enabled to work close up to the fell of the fabric
or the last pick of weft. The bearings e are applied with capability
of adjustment to the framing of the loom by means of the adjustable
fixings h, as shewn.
are
Figure 5 shews a slight modification of this part of the Invention, in
which in place of the selvages of the fabric being kept distended by the
action of successive rows of pins a² on a roller a, at each selvage there
are several narrow rollers or wheels a with only one, or there may be

page_text: more rows of pins in them, to act on the extreme edges or selvages of
the fabric. These rollers a at cach selvage are supported to revolve
cither horizontally, vertically, or inclined on a bar or arm d, as in that
last described.
The respective pin wheels in place of being applied in straight lines
in the direction of the selvages of the fabric may be applied in curves,
as indicated by Figure 5 a.
The points may be set radially in their rollers or inclined to the axes,
and in some cases in place of employing a pin roller a in a box c, the
one part of the box c may be formed convex, as indicated by o,
Figure 6, to act with the corresponding concave surface p to the other
part of the box c of that Figure 6; both parts are serrated or fluted in
transverse lines to aid the holding of the selvage of the cloth between
them; the one part may have a slight releasing motion given to it to
release the cloth and take to a fresh portion of it at the beat-up.
The small stop (Figs. 1, 2, & 3) will serve to hold the temple back
from action by catching against the part d in the event of the shuttle
sticking in the shed or the weaver requiring to pick back.
I will now describe the second part of the Invention.
By long continued action of the shuttles on the pickers the ends or
tips of the shuttles are liable to form recesses in the pickers and there
stick fast, and this is particularly injurious when using rotary or shifting
shuttle boxes by interfering with the free rotation of the box; and the
object of this part of my Invention is to remedy this evil by releasing
the end of the shuttle from the picker after each traverse of the shuttle
or before change of box. For this purpose I apply wedge shaped or
other suitably formed pieces to pass between the shuttles and picker to
separate them, or I give motion to the picker so as first to push back
the shuttle from it and then withdraw the picker from the shuttle, an
arrangement according to which is shown applied to parts of a loom at
Figure 7. In this Figure indicates a portion of one end of a batten
or "going part" arranged for a rotary shuttle box; j is the picker, and
the rod on which it slides. When the batten or going part i of the
loom comes towards the breast beam the end of a lever / comes in
contact with a loose catch or incline affixed to the front-of the loom
with capability of adjustment, and when this contact takes place, the

page_text: other end of this lever / displaces or slightly pushes forward towards
the centre of the loom both the picker and the shuttle for the time
bearing against it. This lever k turns on the axis ³ carried by the
batten; a spiral spring * acts on the lever to bring it back after it
has been acted upon by the incline 7, the upper end of which is attached
by strap m¹ to the picker; m is another lever. This lever m is applied
at the back of the box, and is for the purpose of bringing back the
picker after it has thrown the shuttle, so that the picker may be ready
to be operated upon by the lever k, just referred to, to release the
shuttle. When the picker has been sent forward by the action of the
picking stick, the lever m brings the picker back. The lever m works
on a stud m² and the spiral spring n brings the lever m back.
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the precise arrangements of parts as shown and
described, as the same may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of my Invention; but what I do claim is,―
First. The method of arranging or combining parts of temples by
which increased holding power with elasticity and delicacy in their
action is obtained, substantially as described.
Secondly. The arranging or combining parts of apparatus employed
in weaving, whereby the pickers and the shuttles may be readily released
one from the other after each throw of the shuttle, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jabez Oldfield, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth, day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.