IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS OF PROTECTING BAGS, AND LIKE INTEGUMENTS OR CASINGS EMPLOYED TO CONTAIN FERTILIZERS, OR OTHER MATTERS HAVING AN ACID OR CORROSIVE ACTION, AND IN THE BAGS THEMSELVES.
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Elton Buck, of Wilmington, Delaware, United
States of America, Chemist, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS
OF PROTECTING BAGS, AND LIKE INTEGUMENTS OR CASINGS EMPLOYED TO
CONTAIN FERTILIZERS, OR OTHER MATTERS HAVING AN ACID OR CORROSIVE
ACTION, AND IN THE BAGS THEMSELVES.'
"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Charles Elton Buck at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December 1881.
CHARLES ELTON BUCK, of Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America,
Chemist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN METHODS OF PROTECTING BAGS AND LIKE
INTEGUMENTS OR CASINGS EMPLOYED TO CONTAIN FERTILIZERS, OR OTHER
MATTERS HAVING AN ACID OR CORROSIVE ACTION, AND IN THE BAGS THEM-
SELVES."
Heretofore manufacturers, dealers, and consumers of artificial fertilizers have
experienced constant losses by reason of the rotting of the sacks in which said
fertilizers have been encased and shipped, the decay being frequently rapid and the
sacks falling to pieces in a comparatively short time.
Many expedients against this result have been unsuccessfully resorted to, no
practical method of prevention being at this date known.
After special study, investigation, and experimentation, I have devised a method
of treatment which has proved practically and successfully preventive of the
evil.
I have discovered that by saturating, coating, or otherwise treating burlaps, gunny
baggings, or other textile or fibrous materials, suitable per se for the purpose, either
in the thread or fibre prior to weaving, in the woven or fibrous piece, or in the
form of manufactured bags or sacks, with a silicate solution, such, for instance, as
[Price 411

page_text: a solution of silicate of potassa (otherwise known as soluble glass or liquid quartz),
or of an admixture of the two, the material treated is rendered proof against the
destructive action under consideration.
In the application of the discovery named my Invention resides.
For the better comprehension of my Invention I will proceed to describe a
convenient method by which it can be carried into practice, although I may
premise that many other and perhaps equally practical applications of the discovery
may be made.
I employ the silicate solution preferably of a strength of 24° to 26° Beaumé,
although this is not a restrictive limit.
The thread, burlaps, or finished bags are first immersed in a solution for from
four to five minutes, and are then compressed or wrung between rubber rolls so as
to express the excess of the solution.
The bath is then repeated for a second period equal to the first, in order to
ensure thorough saturation, the saturated material again passed through the rolls,
and after the excess has been thus again squeezed out, dried.
When dry the material, if thread or fibre, is manufactured into bagging, or if
burlaps, bagging, or other fibrous or textile fabric, into bags. When manufactured
bags or sacks have been treated they are when dry ready for use.
By the treatment by saturation and pressure above described, in addition to
thorough permeation, there results or is left upon the fibre when dry a film of solid.
silicate, which forms a protective covering to the entire interior surface of the
fibrous fabric of the bags or sacks capable of resisting all corrosive or disintegrating
action incident to contact with fertilizing material.
When material is treated as above in the piece it is obvious that the twine or
thread employed to unite or sew said material into bag form must likewise be
treated to render it equally acid proof.
Instead of resorting to saturation as a means of applying the silicate I can
manifestly make the application by coating, painting, or otherwise superficially
applying the solution upon the material to be rendered proof, not so readily
however to the thread or fibre as to the fabric or completely formed bag.
It will be also comprehended that the purposes of my Invention will be attained
by the treatment of any fit material to be applied as an inner lining or integu-
ment to the sacks or bags, the latter not being directly treated.
The gist of the Invention lies in the application of silicate or chemically
equivalent solutions, without restriction as to specific character or mode or vehicle
of application, to raw or finished material suitable for making into bags, or to
manufactured bags, whereby the latter are rendered proof against the direct
corrosive action or the fumes of super-phosphates, guanos, or other fertilizers.
Having thus described my Invention, I claim,-
1. The method of rendering sacks, bags, or kindred casings for super-phosphates,
guanos, and other fertilizers, proof against the corrosive action of said fertilizers
herein before described, which consists in saturating, coating, or otherwise treating
the fibrous, textile, or other kindred material of which said bags are or are
designed to be made with silicate solutions, substantially as set forth.
2. The method of rendering sacks, bags, or kindred casings for super phosphates,
guanos, and other fertilizers, proof against the corrosive action of said fertilizers
lierein before described, which consists in saturating, coating, or otherwise treating
the fibrous, textile, or other kindred material of which said bags are or are designed
to be made, with a solution of silicate of soda or of silicate of potassa, substantially
as described.
'
3. As a new article of manufacture, a textile or fibrous sack, bag, or other
integument or casing for super phosphates, guanos, or other fertilizers, the threads,
fibres, lining, or composite substance of which has been rendered proof against
corrosion by treatment with silicate solutions, substantially as described.
4. As a new article of manufacture, a textile or fibrous sack, bag, or other

page_text: integument or casing for super-phosphates, guanos, or other fertilizers, the threads,
fibres, lining, or composite substance of which has been rendered proof against
corrosion by treatment with a solution of silicate of soda or of silicate of potassa,
substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this Thirtieth day
of November, A.D. 1881.
CHARLES ELTON BUCK. (L.S.)