Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Condensing and Consuming Smoke in all ordinary Fire Grates.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1896-Accepted, 19th Sept.,
1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Condensing and
Consuming Smoke in all ordinary Fire Grates.
I, THOMAS ALDERMAN 18 St. George's Street Battersea Park Road in the
County of London Tailor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The means used is by charging a hollow metallic or other cylinder with small
coal and closing up both ends of the cylinder with perforated caps so as to keep
the smoke in check these allow sufficient air to pass in and out while gas is.
formulaiting and prevent explosion. The caps are so formed as to pass into the
cylinders telescopically and may be termed baffel caps.
Having tested the heat necessary for producing gas, it becomes necessary
to protect the cylinders by using a compound as a guard against blistering the
metal when laid on a strong fire as coke is produced by these means as well
as gas.
The compound is a thick paste for covering the cylinders to prevent sulphuric
acid acting on them while combustion is going on the mixture is, lampblack.
and glue.
Dd 7th 1 of Cantamba- 1005
THOMAS ALDERMAN.
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Condensing and
Consuming Smoke in all ordinary Fire Grates.
I THOMAS ALDERMAN 18 St. George's Street Battersea Park Road in the
County of London Tailor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The means used is by charging a hollow metallic or other cylinder with small
coal and closing up both ends of the cylinder with perforated caps so as to keep
the smoke in check these allow sufficient air to pass in and out while gas is.
formulating and prevent explosion. The caps are so formed as to pass into the
cylinders telescopically and may be termed baffel caps.
The cylinders may be made any shape or sizes required but, preferably round as
they more easily turn in the fire if necessary.
Having tested the heat necessary for producing gas, it becomes necessary to-
protect the smoke cylinders as they may be termed, from the great heat to which
they are exposed by using a guard or shield covered with a compound mixture
of carbon and glue or lampblack formed into a paste similar to the ordinary paste
blacking which will answer the same purpose if used with glue but should be laid
on very thick.
The smoke cylinders can be made of any suitable metal or fire-clay, but all must
be protected against blistering or burning when laid on a strong fire, as coke and

page_text: charcoal is produced by these means as well as gas. Any pit coal if broken into
small cobbles will burn in them, but small dust coal must be used so as to fill up
all cavities in the cylinder whether they are charged with wood or coal; by these
means there is no waste of fuel as the finest dust coal can be utilised and should
not be thrown into the dust-bin as is too often the case; many thousands of tons of
this useful coal is anually thrown away in London alone simply because its real use
or value has been unknown.
The guard or shield is simply a flexable jacket or scroll the edges made to lap
over when rolled into shape, these are provided with a cap at each end similar to
that of the cylinder excepting they are made to fit outside for the purpose of
griping the lap joint, the guard is made larger and longer than the cylinder and
has a stop at each end so that when the said cylinder is passed in, it is kept in
place while combustion is going on, by these means a space is left at each end for
the smoke to pass into and double back between the walls of the cylinder and the
guard, so that while the gas is formulaiting, the smoke becomes condensed and
consumed, at the same time, the heat keep up a regular supply of gas untill the
whole has become exausted.
With regard to stoking and managing the fire; for this purpose it is necessary
that the coals should be broken into small cobbles so as to pass them through the
bars of the grate without dust, as that should be burnt seperately in the smoke
cylinders and when required for use should be laid on a strong fire and near the
back but parallel to the front bars of the grate, the best time for this is when the
fire bas burnt its-self clear and requires fresh fuel put on; a thin layer of cobbles
should be first laid on and the cylinder next but this should be overlaid with coke ;
at this stage there will be smoke from the fresh fuel, but as soon as the cylinder
becomes heated this will soon disappear.
The guard or shield as described above acts a very important part as it is the
means of repelling most of the acids arising from the primary gases namely oxygen,
hydrogen, and nitrogen, all of them exercising their powers at the same time while
.combustion is gowing on.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
-claim is :
1. The means and apparatus generally for condensing smoke and consuming the
:same.
2. For forming gas, coke, and charcoal in cylinder.