Improvements in Knitting Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Oct., 1894
'Complete Specification Left, 29th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 25th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Knitting Machines.
I FREDERICK WILLIAM GOLBY of 36 Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention as
communicated to me by Louis Bosi of Livourne, Italy, no occupation, to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in knitting machines by which it is
possible to make any kind of stitch that may be desired, with greater rapidity and
more correctly than with the machines at present in use.
The knitting machine which forms the subject of this invention is distinguished
principally from other machines in that each needle has a separate bed so made
that the needles can be withdrawn at the base and can be easily operated from the
lower part. By reason of the separability of the needle beds on the one hand and
the possibility of withdrawing the needles at the base on the other hand, considerable
advantages are obtained.
In all the knitting machines heretofore in use, the beds of the needles are formed
in a single piece in cast-steel, so that in constructing these beds or ranges of
needles in the form of separate needle cases, such advantages are obtained that this
invention may be considered as constituting a revolution in the knitting machine
trade in general.
By forming the beds with separate needle cases, it is possible to perform all
kinds of fancy and special work which hitherto could not be effected by any one
machine; in fact, if in the formation of these beds needle cases of different numbers
or size are interposed, it is possible to obtain any kind of stitch, which could not be
produced by a machine having a bed made in a single piece.
The advantage of needle cases open below is that the needles can easily be
withdrawn, without waste of time and without risk of breaking the needles, also
that a new needle can be substituted for a broken needle without stopping the
work. This is an essential point in this invention, because it offers a considerable
economy of time. The other advantages arising from the construction of this
machine are as follows:-It is possible to place side by side a determined number
of needles with beds of uniform size or varying according to the kind of work.
It is possible to replace at pleasure, and at a small cost, a damaged needle case
whereas in the ordinary knitting machines it is necessary to replace the whole bed
for any fault or damage.

page_text: Figure 8 Elevation of moveable carriage.
Figure 9 Inside elevation of moveable carriage.
Figure 10 Section of moveable carriage taken on the line A A' of Figure 8.
Figures 11, 114 and 118 Plans of grooved or frog plate.
Figures 12 and 14 Side elevations of same.
Figure 13 Longitudinal section of same."
Figure 15 Rear elevation of same.
Figure 16 Spring controlled gudgeon running in grooves in frog plate shewn in
Figure 11.
Figures 17, 18 and 19 shew details of construction of cranks for actuating the
travelling carriages.
Figures 20 and 21 are views of needle beds in plan and front view.
On the two sides of the knitting machine, move two carriages C C₁ (in Figure 1
it will be seen that one of the two carriages is behind the other). The movement
is given, either by means of a crank handle B or by transmission by means of a
pulley. A series of cranks & connecting rods 3, 4, 5, jointed as seen in Figure 1
transmit the motion to a fourth crank 8 pivotted round the axis 7.
The two carriages of the machine move conjointly and regularly by means of
two cranks 8 fixed on the axle 7. See Figures 17, 18 and 19. The connection of
the two coupled cranks which produce the to & fro movement of the carriages is
very simple. The numeral 7 represents the axle of the cranks 8. The cranks 8
are grooved or tubular & serve as a slide bar for rods 6 which are connected to
the carriages by means of hinges, knuckle-joints, or forks in order to transmit
movements to them.
As, by reason of the sizes of the objects to be made, it is important to be able to
reduce at will the to & fro movement of the carriages, to obtain this reduction &
to prevent the said carriages from uselessly travelling all the length of the needles,
the notched sector 4 is provided & this reduction is produced by shifting the sector
so that the desired notch is over the thumb screw 4¹.
The extremity of the sector 4 is jointed to the lever 3 which in its turn is jointed
at its upper extremity to an adjustable collar B on the rod B and furnished with
a set screw which allows of its being fixed at any required spot in the length of
the rod B. The rod B turns about the centre B¹ and on rotary motion being
imparted to it, the levers & rods before mentioned move about the axis 7 as
indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 1, thereby producing the reciprocating
movement of the carriages.
The numeral 5 represents a lever jointed at the pivots 5' & 5" & connecting the
lever 3, the crank 8 and the sector 4.
This construction offers all the necessary rigidity for the regular motion of the
carriages, and is not used in any other knitting machines. Each carriage C C¹ is
thus furnished with a backward and forward movement. The part to which the
crank is jointed glides the whole length of the machine in a dovetailed groove
while the under plate glides over the needle cases.
Figures 8, 9 & 10 represent a carriage on an enlarged scale. In the grooves E E
glide the feet of the needles. On account of the double rows of grooves E E', the
needles are lowered and raised simultaneously, like those in use in the ordinary
knitting machines.
The grooves can be enlarged or contracted at will by means of the two pieces G
& G¹ Figure 9 which can be adjusted by means of the screws H & H'.
When it is desired to make a piece of fabric double the size of the machine it is
necessary to prevent the carriages C C from working the needles, the plate
containing the grooves is then raised in such a way as to pass the needles without
actuating them. The cam-plate E (Fig. 10), under which are the inclines which
actuate the needles, is compelled to rise or fall every other time, that the piece M,
in its to and fro movement, comes, by reason of the travel of the carriage, against
one of the stops L, L' L" which are suitably placed. The piece M carries a

page_text: grooved or frog-plate N N' represented in Figures 11 to 15 provided with two
diagonal grooves o o' and o' o' and with two longitudinal grooves of 0 and 0 0³.
The bottoms of these four grooves are inclined in such a way that the deepest part
corresponds to the shallow part of the neighbouring grooves from which results
knocking or jigging at the points of juncture of the grooves.
The spring controlled gudgeon P, Figure 16, the aim of which will be explained
more fully in detail enters the grooves of the plate N N' for example at the end o of
the groove o o' and ascends in this last as far as o' from whence it falls down into,
the neighbouring groove o o* when it again ascends as far as o' falls into o rises
again at o falls into o' of the groove o o7 where it again rises until it reaches o*
where it falls again into o and so on.
A spring p encircling the gudgeon P presses it continually against the bottom of
the groove. In order to cause it to follow the grooves regularly it is capable of
rotation and its head is made T shaped so that it cannot deviate from its path at
the meeting point o8 of the grooves. The frog plate N N' (Figures 9-15) every
other time it strikes the gudgeon P produces a displacement of the same and a
sliding of the displacer Q Q₁ towards the top or the bottom. The piece Q Q¹ is
provided with two rollers R R¹ whose axles glide in a groove (Figures 1, 3 &8)
and allow of the closing plates S S' which cause the knitting needles to move,
being raised or lowered.
The plate N N' slides according to the direction of the movement of the carriage
in a groove formed in the interior part of the carriage and is moreover provided
with a projecting arm M by means of which the displacement of the plate in its
groove can be effected.
If the pin P enters one of the parallel grooves 04 05 06 07 the movement of
the plate can cause no movement of the pin P nor of the displacer or piece Q.Q
(Figures 34 3B). If on the contrary the pin P finds itself in one of the diagonal
grooves O O¹ or 02 03 (Figs. 11 11 11B) the movement of the plate will bring
about an advance of P and of the displacer Q Qin the downward, direction or
vice-versa and consequently cause a rise or fall of the closing piece S S'.
In order that the pin P can run along the grooves in a proper manner by the
to and fro movement of the plate N N₁, that is to say, that at the end of the
movement to the right of N N1 (Fig. 11A) it passes from the groove 0.6 07 to
the groove OO¹ and by the movement to the left of N N' which follows it remains
in this diagonal groove, a specially inclined shape has been adapted to these
grooves so that they have different depths at their extremities as shewn by the
shading in Figs. 114 11..
1
During the movement to the right of the plate N N', that is to say, of the sliding
of P in the grooves 06 07 and in the direction of 07 towards O 6, the pin P is
pushed upwards following the inclination of the groove: the spring remains com-
pressed until the pin P has passed the entrance point of the groove .06.07 to fall
in that of O 0 8 0¹.
As the deepest part of the groove O O¹ (Figs. 11 114) corresponds with the
highest part of 06 07 the pin P consequently, under the action of the spring p
falls in the deepest part of O O and remaus in that groove by the effect of the
succeeding movement of the plate N N₁ to the left.
.
The passage of the pin P from the groove OO' into 0504 and from the latter
into 0208 03 is effected in the same manner, and so on.
In reality when knitting, the above movement is not produced by the movement
of the plate itself in the still carriage, but actually by the movement of the carriage
to which the plate is fixed. With this intention the arm M of the plate,N N'
strikes a little before the end of the run of the carriage against the pegs L L'L"
fixed in the holes made in the length of the bed of the machine (Figs. 1 & 20),
these pegs can be adjusted in any of the holes I, I, I shewn in Fig. 20 according to
the size of the knitting.
Owing to the above explained displacement of the carriage and of the closing
plate S S the following movements can be brought about in the most complicated

page_text: cases. The cover of the closing plate S S' is lowered, the plate N N¹ is in the
position indicated by Figs. and 34, the pin P is found at the extremity of the
groove 06 07 on the right and in the lowest part 07.
The carriage moves to the left, Fig. 9, and if now the arm M before completing
its entire run strikes against the peg L (Fig. 1) the plate N N¹ is stopped, that is
to say, it is pushed to the right of the carriage and the pin P slides as indicated
by the arrow in Fig. 114 in the groove 0607 from the extremity 07 towards 0 6
and falls in the deepest part O of the groove 008 01. After this the carriage
returns in the contrary direction and before arriving at the end strikes again by
means of the arm M against the peg I. (Figs. 1 and 20) fixed at the other extremity.
Whilst the carriage advances a little further to achieve its run the plate is stopped
and pushed from the right to the left of the carriage, and in this manner the pin P
which is now in the deepest part of the groove O O', that is in O, slides in the
diagonal groove 00' from right to left as indicated in Fig. 114 taking with it the
displacer Q Q'
The displacer Q Q' slides at the same time along the inclined surface of the
covering plate of the carriage and raises it Fig. 3B also opening the closing
plate SS.
In the subsequent movements of the plate N N¹ relatively to the
carriage the pin P (the closing or lock plate S S¹ being open Fig. 3B) slides in
the groove 05 04 in the direction indicated by the arrow and falls in the deepest
part of the groove 02 03 and when N NI is again pushed in the contrary
direction the pin P rises upwards in the groove 02 03 taking with it the
displacer QQ and consequently pushes back the cover of the plate in the closing
position.
It follows
By the successive movement of N N¹ the action recommences.
therefore that an opening movement passing in the groove 00' (or a closing
movement (passing in the groove 0203) of the closing plate succeeds constantly
to a blank movement (passing in the groove 0706 or 05 0 4).
The entire movement above explained refers to the carriage C C¹. As to the
second carriage which is shewn at Fig. 3 the movement is reversed as shewn by
the grooves of Fig. 11B which are inclined in an opposite direction to those of
Fig. 11. If we look at the plate N N' in the position it occupies in Fig. 11B we
shall at once notice that the first movement of the pin P in the diagonal
groove 0302 is downward, and the closing plate opens.
The second run (passing in the grooves 0205) is dead. Closing follows by
the passing in the groove 0¹ 0 (return toward the top of the pin P).
The movement of the two closing plates therefore occurs simultaneously although
placed opposite to each other.
By pushing M downwards the closing plate S S₁ can be opened (Fig. 3B) no
matter what may be the position of the carriage and can be pushed back in its
closed position (Fig. 3A).
The cover plate S S' is connected with the carriage by means of a hinge X
Figs. 3A 3B.
Figures 5, 51, 5, 6 and 6' represent the needle cases with the different positions
of needles during work.
It is claimed as absolutely novel the shape of the needle case and principally the
opening at the base of the groove in the needle cases. This opening allows of the
needle being withdrawn from below, instead of from the top as in the ordinary
way which has the drawback of either bending the needle or the bed. In replacing
the strip or line of steel which is stretched across the upper part of the beds to
prevent them from falling out of their grooves, each needle case has a stop point
represented by the cylinder a in worsted, leather, rubber, or other elastic material,
the friction which it occasions gives the needle a sinooth movement backwards and
forwards and serves also to hold it at the required height, without employing the
springs which are indispensable in the ordinary machines to hold the needles.
Springs however may be used in place of the buffers a if found convenient. The
two ranges of beds U rest on the two sides of the machine ou the inclined

page_text: surfaces and 2 in which the beds are fixed by means of hooks a and the'r
projections y (see Figures 3 & 5).
In order to rigidly bind together all the separate beds, the two ends of the
surfaces and are furnished with cheeks one of which is provided
with a screw device producing a pressure against the beds. This new manner of
pressing the beds one against the other is more economical and less expensive in
construction, more simple and rapid. To recapitulate; the advantages of separate
beds for each needle and the novel construction of the same are as follows:-
1. Size of stitches regulated as required, by the same machine.
2. The employment of any number of needles within the limit of the machine.
3. Damage to the needles of little importance as they can be promptly replaced.
and without ex
expense.
4. It is possible to make several pieces of work one at the side of the other.
In this last case, it is necessary to have as many thread carriers as the objects to-
fabricate. The process is as follows. Fixed on the bars f. f', on which glide the
thread carriers, are as many stops g. 9' as there are pieces to knit. For example
take 4 stops for two pieces. Before commencing the work these stops g, g',
& 9", gare adjusted by means of set-screws on the bars ff with the bent parts
facing each other so as to regulate the travel of the thread carriers h, (see.
Figs. 1 and 3).
The carriage C, C' which raises or lowers the needles glides the length of the
needle-beds from one end to the other & takes up, after having passed over the
first stop, one of the thread-carriers & pushes it forward on the bar f. f1 &
thus operates the knitting. Arrived at the second stop, the thread carrier is.
stopped. To the support of each thread-carrier is fixed, by means of a pivot j,.
(Figs. 1 and 7) a counter weighted lever i. l. m which has two shoulders or stops o*
which abut against the fixed pin n & thus limit the movement of the lever to the
right and left. In Figure 1 the lever i, l, m¹¹ is shewn with only one arm to allow
a better view of the mechanism in the rear. This lever is in the position i. l. mll.
at the beginning of the course of the thread-carrier when the latter commences its.
course towards the stop g'. These stops g g¹ & g g await the arrival of the
thread-carriers and the reversal of the balance 7 (Fig. 7) follows from the meeting.
and shock resulting therefrom, from left to right if the course is from right to left
and from right to left if the course is made in a contrary direction seeing that the
balance is pivotted freely at j.
It follows that the balance arrives at the end of the course from left to right and
il & m².
after having struck against the stop will change position and the pieces m
will take the place of i & i¹ and vice-versa if the course is from right to left. By-
making the reversal the roller q Fig. 3 disengages itself from the carriage and the
thread-carriers stop and await the return of the carriage in order to recommence
work.
On each of the two arms in and i (Fig. 7) there is a pin, trunnion or pivot
jutting out from the side of the operator, and these pivots serve to carry with them
the thread-carriers. Any number of thread-carriers can be used according to the
length of the beds on which one or several pieces of work can be performed
simultaneously by the movement of the carriages.
The faculty of reversing which the balance of each thread-carrier has, is further
facilitated by the balance (Figs. 1 & 7) from which it has received impulse by
the books of the stops g, y¹ & gli, gl
A broken thread is replaced with difficulty in the old machines. The construction
shewn in Fig. 2 allows on the contrary an increase in the distance between the two
ranges of needle-beds. To this end the machine is divided through its whole
length into two parts, each of which carries a range of needle beds. These two
parts can be separated between two cross-bars, one of which marked r r is seen in
Fig. 2, whilst the other is situated at the other end.
The removal or the adjustment of the two parts of the machines is controlled by
a handles provided with a fixed axis of rotation & a double lever t. t' having

page_text: pins fixed on the ends of its branches sliding in grooves placed under the two parts
to be closed up or divided. One of these grooves is lettered u in Fig. 2. The
. levert t¹ is shewn in its two extreme positions.
Dated this 20th day of October 1894
Improvements in Knitting Machines.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM GOLBY of 36 Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention as
communicated to me by Louis Bosi of Livourne, Italy, no occupation, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in knitting machines by which it is
possible to make any kind of stitch that may be desired, with greater rapidity and
more correctly than with the machines at present in use.
The knitting machine which forms the subject of this invention is distinguished
principally from other machines in that each needle has a separate bed so made
that the needles can be withdrawn at the base and can be easily operated from the
lower part. By reason of the separability of the needle beds on the one hand and
the possibility of withdrawing the needles at the base on the other hand, considerable
advantages are obtained.
In all the knitting machines heretofore in use, the beds of the needles are
formed in a single piece in cast steel, so that in constructing these beds or ranges
of needles in the form of separate needle cases, such advantages are obtained that
this invention may be considered as constituting a revolution in the knitting
machine trade in general.
By forming the beds with separate needle cases, it is possible to perform all
kinds of fancy and special work which hitherto could not be effected by any one
machine; in fact, if in the formation of these beds needle cases of different,
numbers or sizes are interposed, it is possible to obtain any kind of stitch, which
could not be produced by a machine having a bed made in a single piece.
The advantage of needle cases open below is that the needles can easily be
withdrawn, without waste of time and without risk of breaking the needles,
also that a new needle can be substituted for a broken needle without stopping
the work. This is an essential point in this invention, because it offers a con-
siderable economy of time. The other advantages arising from the construction
of this machine are as follows:-It is possible to place side by side a determined
number of needles with beds of uniform size or varying according to the kind of
work. It is possible to replace at pleasure, and at a small cost, a damaged needle
case, whereas in the ordinary knitting machines it is necessary to replace the whole
bed for any fault or damage.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS LEFT WITH THE PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.

page_text: Figure 7. Lever controlling the thread carrier.
Figure 8. Elevation of movable carriage.
Figure 9. Inside elevation of movable carriage.
Figure 10. Section of movable carriage taken on the line A. A' of Figure 8.
Figures 11, 11 and 11. Plans of grooved or frog plate.
Figures 12 & 14. Side elevations of same.
Figure 13. Longitudinal section of same."
Figure 15. Rear elevation of same.
Figure 16. Spring controlled gudgeon running in grooves in frog plate shewn in
Figure 11.
Figures 17, 18, & 19 shew details of construction of cranks for actuating the
travelling carriages.
Figures 20 & 21. are views of needle beds in plain and front view.
On the two sides of the knitting machine, move two carriages CC¹ (in
Figure 1 it will be seen that one of the two carriages is behind the other). The
movement is given, either by means of a handle or by transmission by means of a
pulley.
A series of cranks and connecting rods 3, 4, 5, jointed as seen in Figure 1,
transmit the motion to a fourth crank 8 pivotted round the axis 7.
. The two carriages of the machine move conjointly and regularly by means of
two cranks 8 fixed on the axle 7. (See Figures 17, 18 & 19.)
The connection of the two coupled cranks which produce the to and fro move-
ment of the carriages is very simple. The numeral 7 represents the axle of the
cranks 8. The cranks 8. are grooved or tubular and serve as a slide bar for the
rods 6 which are connected to the carriages by means of hinges, knuckle-joints, or
forks in order to transmit movements to them.
As, by reason of the sizes of the objects to be made, it is important to be able
to reduce at will the to and fro movement of the carriages, to obtain this
reduction and to prevent the said carriages from uselessly travelling all the length
of the needles, the notched sector 4 is provided and this reduction is produced by
shifting the sector so that the desired notch is over the thumb-screw 41.
The extremity of the sector 4 is jointed to the lever 3 which in its turn is
jointed at its upper extremity to an adjustable collar B on the rod B" and
furnished with a set screw which allows of its being fixed at any required spot in
the length of the rod B".
The rod B turns about the centre B₁ and on rotary motion being imparted to
it, the levers and rods beforementioned move about the axis 7 as indicated by the
dotted lines in Figure 1, thereby producing the reciprocating movement of the
carriages.
The numeral 5 represents a lever jointed at the pivots 5¹ & 5" and connecting
the lever 3, the crank 8 and the sector 4.
This construction offers all the necessary rigidity for the regular motion of the
carriages, and is not used in any other knitting machines. Each carriage C C' is
thus furnished with a backward and forward movement. The part to which the
crank is jointed glides the whole length of the machine in a dovetailed groove
while the under plate glides over the needle cases.
Figures 8, 9, & 10 represent carriage on au enlarged scale. In the
grooves E E' glide the feet of the needles. On account of the double rows of
grooves E E', the needles are lowered and raised simultaneously, like those in use
in the ordinary knitting machines.
The grooves can be enlarged or contracted at will by means of the two pieces G
and G, Figure 9, which can be adjusted by means of the screws H and H¹.
When it is desired to make a piece of fabric double the size of the machine

page_text: is necessary to prevent the carriages C and C¹ from working the needles, the plate
containing the grooves is then raised in such a way as to pass the needles without
actuating them. The cam plate E (Fig. 10), under which are the inclines which
actuate the needles, is compelled to rise or fall every other time that the piece M,
in its to and fro movement, comes, by reason of the travel of the carriage, against
one of the stops L L' L" which are suitably placed. The piece M carries a
grooved or frog plate N N', represented in Figures 11 to 15, provided with two
-diagonal grooves o o' and 0 0 and with two longitudinal grooves of of
and o° 07.
The bottoms of these four grooves are inclined in such a way that the deepest
part corresponds to the shallow part of the neighbouring grooves from which
results knocking or jigging at the points of juncture of the grooves.
The spring controlled gudgeon P, Figure 17, the aim of which will be explained
more fully in detail, enters the grooves of the plate N N¹, for example at the
end of the groove o o' and ascends in this last as far as o' from whence it
falls down into the neighbouring groove o of when it again ascends as far as o
falls into o rises again at o falls into o' of the groove o o' where it again rises
until it reaches of where it falls again into O and so on.
A spring p encircling the gudgeon P presses it continually against the bottom
of the groove. In order to cause it to follow the grooves regularly it is capable
of rotation and its head is made T shaped so that it cannot deviate from its path
at the meeting point o8 of the grooves. The frog plate N N¹ (Figures 9 to 15)
every other time it strikes the gudgeon P produces a displacement of the same
and a sliding of the displacer QQ towards the top or the bottom. The piece Q Q¹
is provided with two rollers R, R¹ whose axles glide in a groove (Figures 1, 3 & 8)
and allow of the closing plates S S¹ which cause the kuitting needles to move,
being raised or lowered.
The plate N N¹ slides according to the direction of the movement of the
carriage in a groove formed in the interior part of the carriage and is moreover
provided with a projecting arm M by means of which the displacement of the
plate in its groove can be effected.
If the pin P enters one of the parallel grooves 04 05 06 07 the movement of
the plate can cause no movement of the pin P nor of the displacer or piece Q Q¹
(Figures 3A 3B). If on the contrary the pin P finds itself in one of the diagonal
grooves 00 or 02 03 (Figs. 11 11 11³) the movement of the plate will
bring about an advance of P and of the displacer Q Q in the downward
direction or vice-versa and consequently cause a rise or fall of the closing
piece S S¹.
In order that the pin P can run along the grooves in a proper manner by the
to and fro movement of the plate N N', that is to say, that at the end of the
movement to the right of N N₁ (Fig. 114) it passes from the groove 06 07 to
the groove 00' and by the movement to the left of N N' which follows it remains
in this diagonal groove, a specially inclined shape has been adapted to these
grooves so that they have different depths at their extremities as shewn by the
shading in Figs. 11ª 11B.
During the movement to the right of the plate N N¹ that is to say, of the
sliding of P in the grooves 06 07 and in the direction of 07 towards O6,
the pin P is pushed upwards following the inclination of the groove; the spring
remains compressed until the pin P has passed the entrance point of the
groove 06 07 to fall in that of Ŏ08 0%.
As the deepest part of the groove O O¹ (Figs. 11 11A) corresponds with the
highest part of 06 07 the pin P consequently, under the action of the spring p,
falls in the deepest part of O O' and remains in that groove by the effect of the
succeeding movement of the plate N N¹ to the left.
The passage of the pin P from the groove O O¹ into 05 04 and from the
latter into 02 08 03 is effected in the same manner, and so on.
In reality when knitting, the above movement is not produced by the movement

page_text: of the plate itself in the still carriage, but actually by the movement of the
carriage to which the plate is fixed. With this intention the arm M of the
plate N N strikes a little before the end of the run of the carriage against
the pegs L L L" fixed in the holes made in the length of the bed of the machine
(Figs. 1 & 20), these pegs can be adjusted in any of the holes 1, 1, 1, shewu in Fig. 20
according to the size of the knitting.
Owing to the above explained displacement of the carriage and of the closing
plate S S¹ the following movements can be brought about in the most complicated
cases. The cover of the closing plate S. S' is lowered, the plate N N¹ is in the
position indicated by Figs. 9 and 34, the pin P is found at the extremity of the
groove 607 on the right and in the lowest part 07.
The carriage moves to the left, Fig. 9, and if now the arm M before completing
its entire run strikes against the peg L (Fig. 1) the plate N N¹ is stopped, that
is to say, it is pushed to the right of the carriage and the pin P slides as indicated
by the arrow in Fig. 11 in the groove 06 07 from the extremity 07 towards 06
and falls in the deepest part o of the groove O 0801. After this the carriage
(returns in the contrary direction and before arriving at the end strikes again by
means of the arm M against the peg L' (Figs. 1and 20) fixed at the other
extremity. Whilst the carriage advances a little further to achieve its run the
plate is stopped and pushed from the right to the left of the carriage, and in this
manner the pin P which is now in the deepest part of the groove 0 0¹, that is
in O, slides in the diagonal groove () () from right to left as indicated in Fig. 11^
taking with it the displacer Q Q ¹²
The displacer Q Q slides at the same time along the inclined surface of the
covering plate of the carriage and raises. it Fig. 3B also opening the closing
plate SS. In the subsequent movements of the plate N N¹ relatively to the
carriage the pin P. (the closing or lock plate S S¹ being open Fig. 3B) slides in
the groove 05 04 in the direction indicated by the arrow and falls in the deepest
part of the groove 02 03 and when N N₁ is again pushed in the contrary
direction the pin P rises upwards in the groove 02 03 taking with it the
displacer QQ and consequently pushes back the cover of the plate in the closing
position.
It follows
By the successive movement of N N¹ the action re-commences.
therefore that an opening movement (passing in the groove OO¹) or a closing
movement (passing in the groove 0203) of the closing plate succeeds constantly
to a blank movement (passing in the groove 0706 or 05 04).
The entire movement above explained refers to the carriage C C'. As to the
second carriage which is shewn at 6 Fig. 3 the movement is reversed as shewn
by the grooves of Fig. 11B which are inclined in an opposite direction to those
of Fig. 11. If we look at the plate N N' in the position it occupies in Fig. 118
we shall at once notice that the first movement of the pin P in the diagonal
groove 03.02 is downward, and the closing plate opens.
The second run (passing in the grooves 0205) is dead. Closing follows by
the passing in the groove O¹0 (return toward the top of the pin P).
The movement of the two closing plates therefore occurs simultaneously although
placed opposite to each other.
By pushing M downwards the closing plate S S₁ can be opened (Fig. 3) no
matter what may be the position of the carriage and can be pushed back in its
closed position (Fig. 3A).
The cover plate S S₁ is connected with the carriage by means of a hinge X
Figs. 3ª 3B.
Figures 5, 5, 51, 6 and 6¹ represent the needle cases with the different positions
of needles during work.
It is claimed as absolutely novel the shape of the needle case and principally
the opening at the base of the groove in the needle cases. This opening allows of
the needle being withdrawn from below, instead of from the top as in the ordinary
way which has the drawback of either bending the needle or the bed. In replacing
B

page_text: "
the strip or line of steel which is stretched across the upper part of the beds to
prevent them from falling out of their grooves, each needle case has a stop point
represented by the cylinder in worsted, leather, rubber or other elastic material,
the friction which it occasions gives the needle a smooth movement backwards and
forwards and serves also to hold it at the required height, without employing the
springs which are indispensable in the ordinary machines to hold the needles.
Springs however may be used in place of the buffers e if found convenient. The
two ranges of beds U rest on the two sides of the machine on the inclined
surfaces and 2 in which the beds are fixed by means of hooks a and their
projections y (see Figures 3 & 5).
In order to rigidly bind together all the separate beds, the two ends of the
surface z z¹ and z 2 are furnished with cheeks 6 b' one of which is provided with
a screw device producing a pressure against the beds. This new manner of
pressing the beds one against the other is more economical and less expensive in
construction, more simple and rapid. To recapitulate; the advantages of separate
beds for each needle and the novel construction of the same are as follows:-
(1) Size of stitches regulated as required by the same machine.
(2) The employment of any number of needles within the limit of the machine.
(3) Damage to the needles of little importance as they can be promptly replaced
and without expense.
(4) It is possible to make several pieces of work one at the side of the other.
In this last case, it is necessary to have as many thread carriers as the objects.
to fabricate. The process is as follows. Fixed, on the bars ff', on which glide
the thread carriers, are as many stops g g' as there are pieces to knit.
For
example take 4 stops for two pieces. Before commencing the work the stops a g¹
and g g are adjusted by means of set screws on the bars ff with the beut
parts facing each other so as to regulate the travel of the thread carriers h, h¹
(see Figs. 1 and 3).
The carriage C C which raises or lowers the needle glides the length of the
needle-beds from one end to the other and takes up, after having passed over the
first stop, one of the thread-carriers and pushes it forward on the bar ff' and
thus operates the knitting. Arrived at the second stop the thread carrier is
stopped. To the support of each thread carrier is fixed, by means of a pivot j,
(Figs. 1 and 7) a counterweighted lever i, l, m" which has two shoulders or
stops ox which abut against the fixed pin n and thus limit the movement of the
lever to the right and left. In Figure 1 the lever i, l, m¹ is shewn with only one
arm to allow a better view of the mechanism in the rear. This lever is in the
position i, l, m at the beginning of the course of the thread-carrier when the
Jatter commences its course towards the stop g'. These stops g g¹ & g¹¹ gll await
the arrival of the thread-carriers and the reversal of the balance (Fig. 7) follows
from the meeting and shock resulting therefrom, from left to right if the course
is from right to left and from right to left if the course is made in a contrary
direction seeing that the. balance is pivotted freely at j.
It follows that the balance arrives at the end of the course from left to right
and after having struck against the stop will change position and the pieces m" & m¹
will take the place of i&i and vice-vers if the course is from right to left. By
making the reversal the roller q Fig. 3 disengages itself from the carriage and the
thread-carriers stop and await the return of the carriage in order to recommence
work.
On each of the two arms m" and i (Fig. 7) there is a pin, trunnion or pivot
jutting out from the side of the operator, and these pivots serve to carry with
them the thread-carriers. Any number of thread-carriers can be used according
to the length of the beds on which one or several pieces of work can be performed
simultaneously by the movement of the carriages.
The faculty of reversing which the balance of each thread-carrier has, is further
facilitated by the balance (Figs. 1 & 7.) from which it has received impulse by
the booke of the stara
19
11 311

page_text: A broken thread is replaced with difficulty in the old machines. The construction
shewn in Fig. 2 allows on the contrary an increase in the distance between the two
ranges of needle-beds. To this end the machine is divided through its whole
length into two parts, each of which carries a range of needle beds. These two
parts can be separated between two cross-bars, one of which marked r¹ is seen in
Fig. 2, whilst the other is situated at the other end.
T
The removal or the adjustment of the two parts of the machines is controlled
by a handle provided with a fixed axis of rotation and a double levert t¹ having
pins fixed on the ends of its branches sliding in grooves placed under the two.
parts to be closed up or divided. One of these grooves is lettered u in Fig. 2..
The lever t t is shewn in its two extreme positions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
(1) In knitting machines the employment of a separate needle-bed for each.
needle substantially as described.
(2) In knitting machines wherein each needle is provided with a separate needle
case, making said needle cases open at the bottom and providing them with elastic
stops for holding the needles by friction substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
(3) In knitting machines the means substantially as described for holding the
needle-beds by simple screw pressure.
(4) In knitting machines the cranks for the transmission of motion constructed
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1, 17, 18 and 19 of the accom-
panying drawings.
(5) In knitting machines the moveable carriage C C' in combination with frog
plates furnished with grooves whose ends are inclined all constructed to operate
substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
(6) In knitting machines means for causing the travelling carriage to take up
and release successive thread carriers, consisting of a counterweighted lever carried
by each thread carrier and operated by stops fixed to the bars on which the
thread carriers travel, whereby several pieces of work can be manipulated by the
continuous movement of the travelling carriage, substantially as described and
illustrated in Figs. 1 & 7 of the accompanying drawings.
(7) In knitting machines the arrangement of mechanism substantially as-
described with reference to Fig. 2, for effecting the separation of the two ranges of
needle-beds by means of a simple handle.
(8) A knitting machine in which the parts are combined to operate substantially
in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 00th f A1005