IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REDUCING AND REGULATING THE QUANTITY AND FRESSURE OF STEAM, FLUIDS, AND GASES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Pollard, of Hayfield, in the County of Derby,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REDUCING AND
REGULATING THE QUANTITY AND FRESSURE OF STEAM, FLUIDS, AND GASES."
Sealed the 25th October 1867, and dated the 26th April 1867..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Pollard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th April 1867.
I, GEORGE POLLARD, of Hayfield, in the County of Derby, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR REDUCING AND REGULATING THE QUANTITY AND PRESSURE OF STEAM, FLUIDS,
AND GASES," to be as follows:-
When steam is used, the reducing apparatus consists of a chest having two
openings with nozzles or flanges, one communicating with the boiler or vessel
in which the steam is generated, and the other leading to the engine or machine
in which the steam is to be employed. In the inside of the chest there is a
valve box having an equilibrium valve, the inlet opening of the chest leading
to the interior of the box, and the valve opening more or less into the chest..
To the outside of the chest I connect two or more sets of expanding and con-
tracting discs made of such metal or material as to combine strength with
elasticity, and connected together by short pipes or tubes; to the top or outer
plate of the discs is fixed a rod which passes through the discs and pipes to

page_text: the interior of the chest, and is jointed at the bottom to one end of a lever,
the other end of which is jointed to the valve spindle. The top of the rod
which passes through the discs and pipes is jointed to a lever working on a
fulcrum fixed to the chest, the said lever having pressure imparted to it either
by a weight or by a spring regulated by a screw and nut.
passes
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The steam from the boiler
into the valve box through the opening of the valve into the chest and into
the spaces between the discs, thereby causing the discs to expand as much as
the weighted or spring lever will allow them, and as the discs expand the rod
passing through them rises, lifting one end of the lever in the chest, and
depressing the other end jointed to the equilibrium valve, and thereby diminish
the passage for the steam and allow a less quantity to pass through the chest
and outlet pipe to the engine or machine, and thus the passage of the steam
is reduced to any working pressure required from a boiler containing steam at
a much higher pressure, and it is evident that this apparatus can be employed
for fluids and gases.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Roland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th October 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
POLLARD, of Hayfield, in the County of Derby, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said George Pollard, Her special license that I, the said
George Pollard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Pollard, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REDUCING AND REGULATING THE QUANTITY
AND PRESSURE OF STEAM, FLUIDS, AND GASES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said George Pollard, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and

page_text: seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Pollard, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Figures on the accompanying two
Sheets of Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon (that is to
says) :-
My improved reducing and regulating apparatus consists of a chest having
two openings with nozzles or flanges, one communicating with the boiler in
which the steam is generated or the vessel containing the fluid or gas to be
reduced, and the other leading to the engine or machine in which the steam,
fluid, or gas is to be employed. In the inside of the chest there is a valve
box having an equilibrium valve, the inlet opening of the chest leading to the
interior of the box, and the valve opening more or less into the chest. To
the outside of the chest I connect one, two, or more pairs of expanding and
contracting dises made of such metal or material as to combine strength with
elasticity, and connected together by short pipes or tubes. To the top or outer
plate of the disc is fixed a rod which passes through the discs and pipes to the
interior of the chest, and is jointed at the bottom to one end of a lever, the
other end of which is jointed to the valve spindle. The top of the rod which
passes through the discs and pipes is jointed to a lever working on a fulcrum
fixed to the chest, the said lever having pressure imparted to it either by a
weight or by a spring regulated by a screw and nut.
On the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a longi-
tudinal section, and Fig. 2, Sheet 2, a plan of my improved apparatus for
reducing and regulating the quantity and pressure of steam.
a represents the chest ; b, the opening communicating with the boiler in
which the steam is generated; c, the opening leading to the engine or machine
in which the steam is to be employed; d, the equilibrium valve; e, the valve
box; f, the expanding and contracting discs; g, the pipes and nuts which
connect the discs together; h, the rod fixed to the top disc; i, the lever
jointed at one end to the bottom of the rod, and at the other end to the equi-
librium valve; k, the lever jointed to the top of the rod; l, m, n, the spring,
screw, and nuts for regulating the pressure to be given to the discs; and o, p,
the safety valve and lever.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The steam from the boiler

page_text: passes through the openings 6 and 9 into the valve box, and through the
openings r of the equilibrium valve d into the chest, and also into the spaces
between the discs, thereby causing the dises to expand as much as the
weighted or spring lever will allow them, and as the discs expand the rod h
passing through them rises, lifting one end of the lever i and depressing the
other end jointed to the equilibrium valve, thereby lowering the valve to
diminish the passage for the steam and allow a less quantity to pass through
the chest and outlet pipe c to the engine or machine, and thus the pressure of
the steam is reduced to the working pressure required from a boiler con-
taining steam at a bigher pressure. By turning the nuts n, and acting on the
spring 7 more or less, pressure is given to the discs, and thus the quantity and
pressure of steam admitted to the engine or machine can be regulated to any
desired extent, and it is evident that by having a waste pipe in connection
with the safety valve the apparatus can be employed for fluids and gases.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that in apparatus for reducing and regulating the quantity and pressure
of steam, fluids, and gases I claim the system of allowing the steam, fluids,
or gases to enter between the discs, and of exerting the pressure on the discs
by means of a lever acted upon by a weight or spring, as herein described and
illustrated in the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Pollard, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named George Pollard, in
the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
GEORGE POLLARD. (L.S.)