Freight Cars.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 4th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 4th Nov.. 1890-Accepted. 21st Feb., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Freight Cars.
I, WILLIAM WAREN GREEN, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing at No. 52 W. Washington Street, in the City of Chicago, County of Cook
and State of Illinois, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved car structure, which combines lightness,
durability and strength; and the same consists of certain novel features in the
construction, arrangement, and manner of securing the different parts with reference
to cach other, as will be hereinafter set forth.
Figure 1 is a broken-away plan and part horizontal section of the bottom of a car,
a portion of the flooring being shown in place;
Figure 2, a vertical central transverse section in plane 2 of Figure 1, being in the
line of the doors;
Figures 3 and 4, detached parts of the framework showing sectional and broken-
away details of construction;
Figure 5, a broken-away side elevation, a part of the outside surface being
removed, showing the framework of the structure;
Figure 6, a horizontal sectional detail in plane, 6, Figure 5; and
Figure 7, a detached detail.
Referring to the drawings, A, A', represent the two outside sills; B, the different
intermediate sills; 13, the transverse end sills; B, the posts; B³, the rafters ;
B, the diagonal braces; C, the transverse struts in the bottom of the structure;
C, the longitudinal struts located at the junction of the roof and sides, and C², the
floor or bottom of the car.
The different sills, posts, braces, and rafters are of wood, and covered on two or
more of their surfaces with metal plates, as will now be described in detail.
The two outside sills, A, A', are covered on their inner and under sides with the
metal angle plates, a, a, and the intermediate sills are covered on their respective
sides with the metal plates, a², a³, as shown in Fig. 2. The upper inside corners of
the outside sills are cut away, as at a', so as to let in the flooring flush with the top
of said sills, as shown. The inside vertical face of the end sills, is covered by the
metal plate, a, (see Fig. 1.) and the inside corners of the structures strengthened
by the angle plates, a. The ends of the longitudinal intermediate sills, are inserted
in the respective end sills, and are further secured in relation thereto, by means of
the angle plates, a².
The transverse struts in the bottom of the structure consist of a rod, b, (see
Fig. 3.) the tube-sections, and the socket cap-flanges, 2. The rod , in the
different struts extends clear through the different sills and ends in the respective
outside sills. The holes through the wood part of the sills are of a much greater
area than the diameter of the rod or rods, and form the annular chamber or space, ³,

page_text: (see Fig. 3.); but the corresponding apertures, &, in the metal plating are just
large enough for the easy insertion of the rods. The series of cap-flanges, are
rigidly secured to the sills, and are provided with the annular socket or recess,
in which are inserted the respective ends of the series of tube sections, &, inclosing
the rod, , between the different sills. One of the cap-flanges on each of the sills is
provided with a diagonal aperture, 4, which communicates with the chamber, b
and through which said chamber may be filled with molten metal forming a solid
structure and preventing an end wise pressure from crushing the sills. The series
of tubes are of a greater diameter than the strut rods, so that these parts do not
have contact, which feature, together with the molten metal filling, prevents the
rods from rattling.
The transverse truss rods, D, run under the intermediate sills, and are anchored
in the respective outside sills, as shown in Fig. 2. These rods are let into the
underside of the blocks, d, secured to the underside of the intermediate sills. The
wood posts and rafters of the framework are covered on the sides with the con-
tinuous metal plates, d', d², the lower ends d³, of which are bent outwardly at right
angles and bolted to the outside sills, and the upper ends, d', are bent in the same
manner, and rigidly secured to the ridge-bar, D', as shown in Fig. 5. The lougi-
tudinal struts, C, extending along through the junction of the side framing posts
and rafters, are of precisely the same construction as that of the transverse struts
in the bottom structure, excepting the alternate socket cap-plates, which are of the
form illustrated in Fig. 7, in order to adapt the same to provide a suitable anchorage
for the diagonal braces, B. A detailed description of these companion struts will
therefore be omitted.
The diagonal braces, B', are covered on their sides with metal plates, f, f', as
shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.
It will be observed in Fig. 4, that the braces are of a less thickness than the
posts, the difference being equal to the thickness. of the metal plating, the posts
being cut as at %, so as to let in the plates on the braces flush with the surfaces of
the posts. The plates on the posts, may, or may not be equal to the width of the
surface which they cover. The diagonal braces are arranged at intervals, and
extend from the outside sills to a point just below the roof-struts and are rigidly
bolted to the framing posts. The lower ends of the diagonal braces are cut square,
so as to have a full bearing on the horizontal metal shoes E, which are recessed
into the outside bottom sills and turned upwardly at right angles, as at g, to provide
a bearing for the toe ends of the braces. The shoes, E, are under alternate ends of
the posts. The angle ends of the metal plates covering said posts rest on these
shoes, the fastening bolts passing down through both into the sills, as shown in
Fig. 5. The upper squared ends of the diagonal braces, bear against the under-
side of the shoulder, g, formed on the socket-cap plate I, and the wood part cut
out to seat the lug, g, formed on the cap-plate, F, the ends of the iron plates
embracing said lug, and being rigidly secured thereto by means of a bolt or rivet
passing through the aperture, g³, in the lug or lugs and corresponding apertures in
the metal plates on the braces.
The socket cap-plate, F, is of the elongated form shown, instead of circular, as
are the other cap-plates used on the struts.
The outside covering of the car and roof consists of a number of metal plates, G,
bent to conform to the contour of the sides and roof, and extend from the lower
edges of the outside sills to the top of the ridge-beam, where the ends of the plates
from the respective sides of the car join, as shown in Fig. 2. The joining edges or
joints of the plates, G, are covered by the continuous batten strips, H, secured in
place by the bolts, h, passing clear through from the outside and held by nuts on
the inside of the respective posts or rafters. The outside covering of the ends of
the car will also be of metal put on in the same manner, and the inside lining may
be of metal or wood, as circumstances may require. Metal lining makes the
structure substantially fire-proof.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;
1. In a car structure, the combination, with the outside sills, of the metal angle
plates, a, a, the intermediate sills, the metal plates, a², a³, the transverse struts
connecting said sills, the transverse end sills, the metal plate, a³, and the angle
plates, a, a substantially as described.
2. In a car structure, the combination, with a wood sill or sills, having sides
covered with metal plates, of a strut rod passing through said sills, the chamber in
the wood part surrounding said rod, and an aperture communicating with said
chamber, whereby molten metal may be run into said chamber; substantially as
described.
3. In a car structure, the combination, with a wood sill or sills, covered on the
sides with metal plates, a continuous strut rod passing through said sills and plates,
a chamber formed in the wood part of the sills, and a mass of metal run into said
chamber in a molten state; substantially as described.
4. In a car structure, the combination, with the outside and intermediate sills
covered with metal plates, as described, of the continuous strut rod, the socket cap-
plates, the tube-sections having their ends inserted in said cap-plates, and the truss
rod passing under the intermediate sills and anchored in the outside sills; substantially
as described.
5. In a car structure, the combination with the outside sills, of the posts, the
longitudinal struts, the diagonal wood braces, and the metal plates covering the
sides of said braces; substantially as described.
6. In a car structure, the combination, with the outside sills, of a metal shoe
rigidly secured to said sills and having one end upturned, the framing posts, the
cap-plates, secured to said posts and provided with the shoulder, g', and the lug, g²,
and the diagonal braces extending from said shoe to said cap-plates; substantially
as described.
Dated this 21st day of October A.D. 1890.