IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR EXCAVATING DRAINS TRENCHES AND DITCHES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JOHN WILLIAM WAILES of Bescot Walsall in the County of Stafford Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR EXCAVATING DRAINS TRENCHES AND DITCHES
33 to be
as follows:-
The object of the invention is to provide an efficiently acting, well balanced
apparatus for economically cutting soil, and excavating or removing the same, to
form drains trenches or ditches.
The invention relates to apparatus of the class for which I obtained Her
Majestys British Letters Patent No 1340 of the year 1882 and consists essentially
in employing in combination at different elevations two or more cutting tools and
mould boards caused to rotate with different surface speeds.
In practice I find it advantageous to use three cutters and mould boards placed
one behind the other, and arranged so that the front cutters act on soil at the top,
and the rear cutters on soil at the bottom of the drain trench or ditch. The cutters
and mould boards are geared together so as to rotate in opposite directions and at
different surface speeds. The apparatus above described is carried by a frame,
arranged to move in or on a guide or guides secured to, or forming part of a carrier.
Motion is given to the cutters and mould boards by means of a suitable engine on
the carrier or otherwise disposed as may be desirable.
י

page_text: Trenches, and Ditches.
I JOHN WILLIAM WALLES of Bescot Walsall in the County of Stafford Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of the invention is to provide an efficiently acting, well balanced
apparatus for economically cutting soil and excavating or removing the same to
form drains trenches or ditches.
The invention relates to apparatus of the class for which I obtained Her
Majestys British Letters Patent No 1340 of the year 1882 and consists essentially
in employing in combination at different elevations two or more cutting tools and
mould boards caused to rotate with different surface speeds.
In practice I find it advantageous to use three cutters and mould boards placed
one behind the other, and arranged so that the front cutters act on soil at the top
and the rear cutters on soil at the bottom of the drain trench or ditch. The cutters
and mould boards are geared together so as to rotate in opposite directions, and at
different surface speeds. The apparatus above described is carried by a frame
arranged to move in or on a guide or guides secured to or forming part of a carrier.
Motion is given to the cutters and mould boards by means of a suitable engine on
the carrier or otherwise disposed as may be desirable.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a plan, fig. 2 a side elevation, and fig. 3 a front elevation of apparatus
under my invention for cutting or excavating drains trenches and ditches.
a frame, b c d spindles carrying spiral mould boards e f g and cutters h i j.
The spindles bod are geared together by toothed wheels k, and receive motion from
the main shaft 7. The cutter frame a is carried in guides m, and is raised and
lowered by means of screw gear n. The guide m forms part of any suitable
carrier and motion is given to the main shaft by means of a steam or other suitable
motor on the carrier, or otherwise located as may be found desirable.
The cutters are secured to the mould boards in slots by bolts keys or as is found
convenient. The cutters and mould boards are driven in opposite directions and at
different surface speeds so that their action is balanced and they are enabled to do
the required work advantageously.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ;-
First. In apparatus for cutting or excavating drains trenches and ditches, the
combination of two or more cutting tools and mould boards caused to rotate with
different surface speeds.

page_text: Second. In apparatus for cutting or excavating drains trenches and ditches, the
combination of two or more cutting tools and mould boards at different heights one
behind the other.
Third. In apparatus for cutting or excavating drains trenches and ditches the
combination of two or more cutting tools and mould boards driven at different
speeds in opposite directions.
Fourth. Apparatus for cutting or excavating drains trenches and ditches having
cutters and mould boards driven in opposite directions at different surface speeds
and located behind the other at different heights.
Dated this fifth day of May 1886.
J. T. KING,
Per J. Richman,
Agent for the Applicant.