A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN THE SCREWS USED IN FASTENING THE MOUTHS OF MOUNTED INKSTANDS, PERFUME, LIQUOR, AND MEDICINE BOTTLES, ALSO IN FASTENING THE MOUTHS OF JARS AND TUMBLERS, USED FOR PASTE, SALVE, POWDERS, PRESERVES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1836

page_text: LAWREN
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LAWRENCE, of No. 9, New Bond, in the Parish of Saint George, Hanover.
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Dressing Case Maker, send greeting:
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty, by His Royal Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-six, and in the sixth year of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said George Lawrence, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, His especial license, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said George Lawrence, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Lawrence,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might mako, uso, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN THE SCREWS USED IN FASTENING THE MOUTHS
OF MOUNTED INKSTANDS, PERFUME, LIQUOR, AND MEDICINE BOTTLES, ALSO IN
FASTENING THE MOUTHS OF JARS AND TUMBLERS, USED FOR PASTE, SALVE, POWDERS,
PRESERVES, AND OTHER PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, obliging me, the said George Lawrence, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's.
High Court of Chancery within two calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by tlie
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Lawrence, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say):
The object of my improvement in the screws used for fastening the mouths
of bottles, jars, and other vessels is the more easily and readily securing
or fastening the tops or covers over the mouths of such bottles or jars in
order to perfectly close the same and secure the contents thereof, and
consists in placing the screws which tighten the top or cover on to the
mouth or aperture of the jar or bottle, together with the said top or cover, in a
separate frame attached to the mounting of the bottle or jar by a hinge and a
simple catch fastening or otherwise. The screw frame and top or cover being
brought over the aperture or mouth of the bottle or jar, and held by the catch,
when by turning the male screw round a part of a revolution only it tightens
the top or cover on, to, and over the mouth of the bottle or jar, and
effectually closes and fastens it, and at the same time so secures the catch
fastening that it cannot be undone, or the top or cover of the bottle or jar
released until the male screw is turned the reverse way, as in the act of opening
the bottle or jar, for the moment the pressure of the screw is taken off the
mouth of the bottle the catch is free to be undone.
I would remark that I am aware that screws have been heretofore used for
fastening the tops or covers over the months of bottles and jars, and to all
purposes to which my improved fastenings are applicable, but such screws have
heretofore been made on the neck of the bottle itself, or the mounting thereof,
and within the cap or cover, in which construction they are obliged to be com-
pletely unscrewed and removed from the bottle, whereby the top is liable to be
lost or let fall, which injures the edge of the cap, and consequently its screw,
and causes a difficulty in first getting the screws to bite or enter each other
in putting on the cover or top. And further, small male screws have been
attached to the top or cover and screwed into a hole in the mounting of the
bottle or jar, which also require to be completely unscrewed in opening the
bottle; and also such screws have been placed in a separate bar extending
across or over the top or cover, but detached from it, the point of the male
screw pressing upon the cover of the bottle or jar to keep it tight, and requires
several turns to fasten or unfasten it, in all of which constructions much longer
time is taken up in fastening or unfastening the mouth of the bottle or jar than in
my improved construction, for my improved fastenings unite the advantages of

page_text: the powerful pressure of the screw with the quickness of the catch fastening;
my improved screws from being of large diameter require to be turned only a
part of a revolution either way to fasten or unfasten the cover of the bottle, and
the male and female screws are never parted or completely unscrewed from
cach other, but are at all times in connection.
Having stated the nature and object of my Invention, I shall proceed more
particularly to describe the construction thereof, referring to the several
Figures of the accompanying Drawings, which will sufficiently illustrate my
Invention, the same letters being marked upon corresponding parts in all the
Figures. Figure 1 is a side elevation of an ink bottle, with my improvements
adapted thereto, the top or cover being closed upon the mouth and securely
fastened; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, and Fig. 3 is a section.
Fig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 1, the top being unfastened and the mouth of
the bottle open; Fig. 5 is a plan view thereof; Fig. 6 is a plan of the screw
frame detached; Fig. 7 is a side representation thereof, and Fig. 8 is a similar
view of the top or cover. a is the bottle; b, the mounting of the same; c is
the screw frame, which in this instance is attached by the hinge d to the
mounting. The female screw is formed around the inside of the frame b, and
the male screw c on the outside of the top or cover f; the catch g is attached
to the mounting by a pin and hinge joint, and when the cover is put down, as
in the act of closing or fastening the mouth of the bottle or jar, the catch is
to be passed over and between the projecting ears or pieces h, h, on the screw
frame, as shown in Fig. 1; and the moment the pressure of the screw acts on
the mouth of the bottle the curved or inclined shape of the cars h, h, cause the
catch g to turn inwards a little and securely fasten it, and prevent it being
removed or undone until the pressure of the screw is taken off from the mouth
of the bottle, at which time the catch his free to be turned back, and tho
cover removed from off the mouth or aperture of the bottle or jar.
Having now particularly described the object and construction of my im-
provements, I would remark that as the male screw does not require at any
time to be removed from out of the female screw, there should be a small pin
or stud placed in the frame h or male screw c to prevent its being turned round
more than necessary, and that, if thought desirable, the male screw may be
formed on the outside of the screw frame and the female screw within the top
or cover, the cars or pieces h, h, and the hinge being placed so that they will
not interfere with the top or cover, as shewn in the partial side view and
section, Figures 9 and 10. And, further, that the screw frame need not be
connected to the mounting of the bottle or jar by a hinge, but held thereon
and connected thereto by simple hook or catch fastenings fixed on the mount-

page_text: ing and projecting over ears or pieces on the screw frame, when the cover is
placed on the bottle, as shewn in the plan and partial side view, Figures 11
and 12, which arrangement may be advantageous for large mouthed jars or
tumblers; and also that the catches may be made with springs, which will
yield to the screw frame as the cover is pressed down and hold it securely on,
when the pressure of the screws fasten the top or cover on the mouth of the
bottle, jar, or other vessel, the spring catch being undone by pressing the
thumb on a button, as in common; and in conclusion I wish it be understood
that I claim as my Invention, secured to me by the above recited Letters
Patent, the improved construction of the screw fastenings, as above described
(that is to say), in placing the screws which tighten and securely fasten the
tops or covers on to or over the mouths of bottles, jars, or other vessels,
together with the tops or covers thereof, in a separate frame, as herein-before
set forth, such frame being attached or connected to the mounting of the bottle
or jar by hinges and catch fastenings, or catch fastenings alone, such fastenings
being secured and prevented from being undone by the pressure of the said
screws upon the mouth of the bottle.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Lawrence, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord
1
Inrolled the Fifth day of May, One thousand eight hundred and
thirty-six.