CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR COMMUNICATING WITH AND TRANSMITTING POWER FROM PLACE TO PLACE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Moore, of Moore, in the County of Chester;
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR COMMUNICATING WITH AND TRANSMITTING POWER
FROM PLACE TO PLACE."
Sealed the 14th August 1866, and dated the 20th February 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Moore at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th February
1866.
I, ALFRED MOORE, of Moore, in the County of Chester, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR COMMUNICATING WITH AND TRANSMITTING
POWER PROM PLACE TO PLACE," to be as follows:-
The improvements consist in the adaptation and use of an arrangement of
tubing which is connected at each end to cylinders containing pistons, or to,
compressible bellows, and one of the bellows, or the lower portion of one of
these cylinders beneath the piston is filled with liquid, as is also the tube.
connecting the cylinders. To one of the piston rods which projects through
the cover of the cylinder a lever is attached, its fulcrum being outside the
cylinder, and to the other piston rod a shaft is attached, which is connected to
the crank of a semaphore signal arm, or to the ordinary catch apparatus of a
signal bell; thus when the lever and piston of one cylinder is depressed the
liquid is expelled from beneath the piston, passes along the tubing, raises the
I
:

page_text: other piston, and lifts the signal arm, or rings the bell, and by releasing and
lifting the lever the weight of the signal arm forces the liquid back again
along the tube, and thus signals may be transmitted without the use of wires,
cranks, and pulleys, which require greater power to actuate, and are very
liable to breakage.
The second part of the Invention applies to the opening or turning of
taps or valves at a distance, and consists in the use of an arrangement of
tubing, one end being attached to a cylinder, piston, and lever, as previously
described, the other end of the tubing being connected to a cylinder placed
near the valve to be opened, the piston rod of which cylinder is attached to a
lever connected to the plug of the tap or valve, so that when pressure is put
on the liquid by the lever at one end of the tube it is driven along the tube
and forces the piston at the other end back, and with it the tap lever, and
thus the tap is opened and the supply of water or steam is obtained. For
example, in the event of fire, or when an extra pressure of water is required;
it may be turned on into the main pipes from the waterworks by an attendant
in the public offices in a town, the attendant simply having to depress the
lever at the town end, and the water from the town' end passes along the tube
and opens the supply tap at the waterworks, so that immediate supply can be
obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Moore in the Great Seal Patent Office on the. 20th
August 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALPRED,
MOORE, of Moore, in the County of Chester, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of February, in the year of our Lord'
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Alfred Moore, Her spécial license, that I, the said Alfred Moore,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Alfred Moore, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time)
agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
aud vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS

page_text: IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR COMMUNICATING WITH AND TRANSMITTING
POWER FROM PLACE TO PLACE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Alfred Moore, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Moore, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates, first, to a novel method and means of signalling or
communicating from one place to another, and the Invention may be applied
to raise a signal, or to communicate signs from one place to another, and for
the purpose of raising and lowering the distance signals on railways.
The improvements consist in the adaptation and use of an arrangement of
tubing which is connected at each end to cylinders containing pistons, or to
compressible vessels or bellows, and one of the vessels or bellows, or the lower
portion of one of these cylinders beneath the piston is filled with liquid, as is
also the tube connecting the cylinders. To one of the piston rods, or to the
top of one of the vessels or bellows a lever or weight is attached, and to the
other piston rod a vessel or bellows is attached, which is connected to the crank
of a semaphore signal arm, or to the ordinary catch apparatus of a signal bell,
thus when the lever and piston of one cylinder, or the top of one of the
vessels or bellows is depressed, the liquid is expelled from beneath the piston,
passes along the tubing, raises the other piston or the top of the other. vessel
or bellows, and lifts the signal arm, or rings the bell, and by releasing and
lifting the lever or weight the weight of the signal arm or counterweights or
springs forces the liquid back again along the tube, and thus signals may be
transmitted without the use of wires, cranks, and pulleys, which require
greater power to actuate, and are very liable to breakage.
The second part of the Invention applies to the opening or turning of taps
or valves at a distance, and consists in the use of an arrangement of tubing,
one end being attached to a cylinder, piston, compressible vessel, or bellows,
acted upon by a lever or weight, as previously described, the other end of the
tubing being connected to a cylinder, compressible vessel, or bellows placed
near the valve to be opened, the piston of which cylinder, or the top of which
vessel or bellows is attached to a lever or weight connected to the plug of the

page_text: tap or valve, so that when pressure is put on the liquid by the lever or weight
at one end of the tube it is driven along the tube and forces. the piston or
the top of the vessel or bellows at the other end back, and with it the tap
lever, and thus the tap is opened, and the supply of water or steam is
obtained. For example, in the event of fire, or when an extra pressure of water
is required, it may be turned on into the main pipes from the waterworks by
an attendant in the public offices in a town, the attendant simply having to
depress the lever at the town end, and the liquid from the town end passes
along, the tube and opens the supply tap at the waterworks, so that an
immediate supply can be obtained.
:
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of
about one inch and a half to the foot, similar letters of reference being
marked upon corresponding parts. .
>
Fig. 1 represents a Diagram of the relative positions of signals and station
on a short.length of railway; Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal elevation of the
apparatus for transmitting the power, and which is arranged and constructed
for raising and lowering the arm of a semaphore, or for actuating other
signals on railways; and Fig. 3 represents a similar view of the apparatus for
transmitting power, which, as an example, is shewn in connection with and
arranged for opening a tap or valve, which may be applied in the event of
fires for turning on an extra pressure of water into the main pipes from the
waterworks by an attendant in the public offices in town.
.)
In Fig. 1, a, a, represents the permanent way on a short section of line,
embracing the station 6, 6, the communication for signalling being effected
through the pipes c, c; by this arrangement the signalling can be carried on
continuously throughout any length of line desired. In Fig. 2, a, a¹, are the
cylinders containing liquid; b, 61, the pistons; c, the lever, by which the
piston 6 is depressed; d is the pipe or tube connecting the cylinders a, a¹,
together, and through which communication between the two is effected; e is
the rod connecting the piston 6 with the arm f of the semaphore. The
cylinder a is conveniently situated at or near the station, and the cylinder a¹
at any point or distance where the signal or semaphore is required to be
placed. When it is desired that the arm f of the distance semaphore should
be raised, the lever c of the cylinder a is forced down, so as to depress the
piston 6 in such cylinder, forcing thereby the liquil contained therein through
the pipe d into the cylinder a', which has the effect of raising the piston b',
which being connected by the rod e with the arm of the semaphore raises or
throws out such arm into a horizontal position, in which it remains so long as

page_text: the lever c is retained in its lowest or depressed condition, but when it
becomes released the weight of the arm f and balance weights of the semaphore
in lowering forces the liquid back again through the pipes d into the cylinder a,
thereby replacing the lever and piston in their original position. In Fig. 3 a
similar arrangement of apparatus for transmitting power is shewn for opening
a tap or valve at a distance, which may be employed for various purposes, the
piston 6' in this instance being connected by the link g with a tap or valve h,
which is caused to open as the piston b is depressed by the lever c, allowing
water to flow therefrom, which may be employed for turning on an extra
pressure of water into the main pipes in cases of fire.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim the employment and use of apparatus, consisting of
cylinders, pistons, and tubing in which liquid is contained, or the use of com-
pressible vessels or bellows, such pistons or compressible vessels or bellows
being acted upon by levers, weights, or springs, for the purpose of raising and
lowering semaphore signals, the opening and shutting of valves or taps, the
ringing of bells, or for communicating signs at or near to a distance, as herein-
before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Moore, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
ALFRED MOORE. (L.S.)