IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO FEEDING AND CIRCULATING THE WATER IN STEAM BOILERS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.”
Year: 1879

page_text: 18
LETTERS PATENT to James Cassels; of 15, Water Street, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING
TO FEEDING AND CIRCULATING THE WATER IN STEAM BOILERS AND APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR.”
Sealed the 23rd December 1879, and dated the 7th July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Cassels at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th July 1879.
JAMES CASSELS, of 15, Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO FEEDING AND CIRCULATING THE WATER IN
STEAM BOILERS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
This Invention relates to a novel method of feeding water to steam boilers so as
to ensure a perfect circulation of such feed water through the water contained in
the boiler, and consists in introducing the feed water through a series of tubular
radial bent arms, which spring from a hollow boss and which rotate round a hollow
shaft or feed pipe, the rotation being automatic and caused by the pressure of the
feed water escaping from the hollow bent arms on the principle of the rotary
engine well known to all mechanics.
In application this rotating feed supplier is placed in any convenient position,
such as in the water space between the flues of a double furnace steam boiler,
positioned vertically, or as convenient to clear the stays when rotating. The feed
is forced through the hollow shaft or feed pipe and through the bent radial arıs
which are thus caused to rotate, and the water being the feed is thus diffused
uniformally through the water in the boiler. By this means the feed water
becomes at once mixed with the water at a higher temperature in the boiler and
perfectly intermixes with and diffuses through the water in the boiler, and thus
prevents the existance of differential temperatures caused by a volume of feed water
at a low temperature being driven into the body of water at a high temperature
contained in the boiler.

page_text: -SPECIFICATION-in-pursuance-of-the-conditions_of_the_Letters
Patent filed by
the said James Cassels in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd January
1880.
-
JAMES CASSELS, of 15, Water-Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO FEEDING AND CIRCULATING THE WATER IN
STEAM BOILERS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.
This Invention relates to a novel method of feeding water to steam boilers so as
to ensure a perfect circulation of such feed water through the water contained in
the boiler, and consists in introducing the feed water into the boiler through-a
series of tubular radial bent arms, which spring from a hollow boss and which
rotate round a hollow shaft or feed pipe, the rotation being automatic and caused
by the pressure of the feed water escaping from the ends or nozzles of the hollow
bent arms.
The apparatus may also be used as a heater by passing steam through some of
the bent arms and water through other of the bent arms, or steam may be passed
through all of the bent arms.
That my Invention and the mode of its operation may be clearly understood, I
have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, marked with
letters and figures of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation.
Like letters and figures of reference being used to denote the same or corresponding
parts throughout the various views.
Figure 1 is an elevation of an apparatus constructed according to my Invention,
suitable to be used as a feed circulator and heater.
Figure 2 is a section through A, B, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a section through C, D, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a modified section through C, D, Figure 1, to be used for water
only.
Figure 4 is a section through E, F, Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a sectional end view of a boiler, showing an apparatus according to
my Invention in position.
The apparatus illustrated consists of four radial bent arms A which are mounted
on a boss B, so as to be capable of revolving upon the boss or inlet or feed pipe D,
which is divided into two branches, E being the steam branch and F the water
branch. The arms revolve by the force of the liquid passing from them through.
the nozzles H. The revolution is in the direction of the arrow J. The boss or
inlet pipe D is provided with a diaphragm K, which divides the water inlet F from
the steam inlet E, and. so arranged that in revolving the arms A are alternately
supplied with steam and water as they revolve. Steam is supplied to the branch E
from any convenient part of the boiler, and water is supplied through the branch F
from the feed pump. The action of the water being forced through the arms A
causes the apparatus to revolve, and during and through such revolving action
steam from the branch E, although if anything below the pressure of the steam in
the boiler finds its way back to the boiler through the nozzles H. Thus, as the
apparatus revolves there is an alternate injection of water and steam into the
boiler through the nozzles H.
In operation water only may be fed through the apparatus, and before getting
up steam, steam only may be fed through the apparatus, such steam being obtained
from the donkey boiler, and when steam is up water and steam can be fed through
the apparatus.
In application this rotating feed supplier and heater may be placed in any con-
venient position, such as in the water space between the flues of a steam boiler, as
shown at Figure 5, positioned vertically so as to clear the stays when rotating.
The feed water is forced through the pipe M into the apparatus and from thence is
fed to the boiler. Steam is fed to the apparatus through the pipe E.

page_text: It will be seen that by the use of my Invention the feed water is diffused uni-
formly throughout the water in the boiler. By this means the feed becomes at
once mixed with the water and the steam in the boiler which is at a higher
temperature. The feed perfectly intermixes with and diffuses through the water
in the boiler, and thus prevents the existence of differential temperatures caused
by a volume of feed water at a low temperature being driven into the body of
water at a high temperature contained in the boiler, and thus prevents leakage
of the boiler.
Having now described and ascertained the nature, object, and purposes of my
Invention, and shown how the same may be carried into operation, what I claim
as my Invention and secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid is,―
Firstly. Feeding and circulating the water of steam boilers by means of a
rotating feeding aaparatus, such as that shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the
accompanying Drawings, operating as herein described.
Secondly. A feeding and heating apparatus for steam boilers, consisting of a
series of bent radial arms, such as A, mounted and revolving on a boss or hollow
shaft, such as D, and supplied with water and steam through branches, such as F
and E, and operating and positioned as berein described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Cassels, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
JAMES (L.S.) CASSELS.