IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL AND OTHER PUMPS, AND IN SYPHONS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of No. 2, Chiswell Street, Finsbury
Square, in the City of London, Consulting Engineer and Patent
Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL AND OTHER
PUMPS, AND IN SYPHONS."-A communication from abroad by August
Christian Nagel and Reinhold Hermanu Kaemp, of the Firm of
Nagel and Kaemp, Civil Engineers, Hamburg.
Sealed the 2nd October 1869, and dated the 9th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th April 1869.
I, PETER JENSEN, of No. 2, Chiswell Street, Finsbury Square, in the
City of London, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL
AND OTHER PUMPS, AND IN SYPHONS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is so to arrange centrifugal and other
pumps and syphons that they may be easily and conveniently charged
with water for the purpose of starting them, and subsequently, if
required, continuously prevented from loosing their water.
[Price 81

page_text: The nature of the Invention consists in the novel and efficient appli-
cation of a jet of steam for the purpose of exhausting the air contained
or accumulating in syphons and in the bodies and pipes of centrifugal
or other pumps, and in the construction of said pipes. The jet apparatus
is of such a construction that a greater height of suction may thereby
be exhausted than by any hitherto invented steam jet apparatus, but
for ordinary heights of suction any suitable form of jet may be employed
with sufficient practical advantage. The steam jet pipe is contained in
an outer closed chamber, and is continued into and conducts the steam
into a bell mouth shaped pipe; the larger end of the bell mouth is open
towards the suction pipe, the smaller end is continued parallel, or nearly
So. This bell mouth pipe is placed centrally in the delivery pipe, which
is suitably shaped, so that a narrow annular space open at the bell
mouth towards the suction is left between the two. The combined
stream on reaching the end of the bell mouth pipe draws for the second
time through the narrow annular space. The delivery pipe is formed
of a very gradual taper from about where the bell mouth terminates.
This action may be repeated if required, and more than one inner bell
mouth pipe be employed. The apparatus may, if required, be regulated
by varying the relative position of the jet pipe and the bell mouth pipe
in any convenient way, or by or in combination with regulation of the
flow through the jet pipe or suction pipe, or both.
The improvements relating to the pipes are the following:-Hitherto
centrifugal and sometimes other pumps also have been constructed with
a so-called foot valve, for the purpose of closing the bottom entrance of
the suction pipe while charging; by this present arrangement, however,
the foot valve, which, especially in pumps not constantly in operation,
and being under water, is a source of trouble, can be entirely done away
with, whereby the additional advantage of an unobstructed entrance for
the water into the suction pipe is obtained. In cases where the mouth
of the pump delivery pipe does not dip into water a simple form of flap
valve on hinges will answer the purpose of closing the mouth while the
jet is exhausting, but as soon as the pump is sufficiently charged with
water said valve may be opened and drawn out of the way, so as not to
obstruct the flow.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
JENSEN, of No. 2, Chiswell Street, Finsbury Square, in the City of
London, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Jenson, Her special licence
that I, the said Peter Jenson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Peter Jenson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL AND
OTHER PUMPS, AND IN SYPHONS," (a cominunication to me from abroad by
August Christian Nagel and Reinhold Hermann Kaemp, of the Firm
of Nagel and Kaemp, Civil Engineers, Hamburg.) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Peter Jensen, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hauds and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Jensen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the saine is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The object of this Invention is so to arrange centrifugal and other
pumps and syphons that they may be easily and conveniently charged
with water for the purpose of starting them, and subsequently if required
continuously prevented from losing their water.

page_text: The nature of the Invention consists in the novel and efficient appli-
cation of a jet of steam for the purpose of exhausting the air contained
or accumulating in syphons, and in the bodies and pipes of centrifugal
or other pumps, and in the construction of said pipes. The jet apparatus
is of such a construction that a greater height of suction may thereby be
exbausted than by any hitherto invented steam jet apparatus, but for
ordinary heights of suction any suitable form of jet may be employed
with sufficient practical advantage. The steam jet pipe is contained in
an outer closed chamber, and is continued into and conducts the steam
into a bell mouth shaped pipe; the larger end of the bell mouth is open
towards the suction pipe, the smaller end is continued parallel or nearly
This bell mouth pipe is placed centrally in the delivery pipe which
is suitably shaped, so that a narrow annular space open at the bell
mouth towards the suction is left between the two; the combined steam
on reaching the end of the bell mouth pipe draws for the second time
through the narrow annular space. The delivery pipe is formed of a
very gradual taper from about where the bell mouth terminates. This
action may be repeated if required, and more than one inner bell mouth
pipe be employed. The apparatus may if required be regulated by
varying the relative position of the jet pipe and the bell mouth in any
convenient way, or by or in combination with regulation of the flow
through the jet pipe, or suction pipe, or both.
SO.
The improvements relating to the pipes are the following:-Hitherto
centrifugal and sometimes other pumps also have been constructed with
a so-called foot valve for the purpose of closing the bottom entrance of
the suction pipe while charging; by this present arrangement, however,
the foot valve, which especially in pumps not constantly in operation
and being under water is a source of trouble, can entirely be done away
with, whereby the additional advantage of an unobstructed entrance for
the water into the suction pipe is obtained. In cases where the mouth
of the pump delivery pipe does not dip into water a simple form of flap
valve on hinges will answer the purpose of closing the mouth of the
pump while the jet is exhausting but as soon as the pump is sufficiently
charged with water the said valve may be opened and drawn out of the
way so as not to obstruct the flow.
Referring to the Drawings, Figure 1 shews cross section of a simple
form of jet generally suitable for the purposes aforesaid. A is the steam
jet pipe; B, the suction pipe in communication with the parts to be

page_text: exhausted. On admitting steam to the pipe A the steam issuing from the
nozzle will carry along with it any air standing in the suction B, or
force it out into the air through the conical funnel C. A cock D serves
the purpose of closing the communication with the parts to be exhausted.
It will be observed that the receiving nozzle C can be adjusted relatively
to the jet pipe A, so as to suit various circumstances.
Figure 2 shews a similar apparatus but of a more complex kind, being
fitted with an inner bell mouth pipe E in the receiving nozzle for the
purpose of greater efficiency and economy of steam. The jet on reaching
the outer end of said cone draws for the second time. As before
stated and especially for larger apparatus more than one bell-mouth pipe
may be used; it is likewise evident that for large apparatus of this kind
and in analogy with what has been done in feed water injectors the
steam jet may be annular and adjustable. A cock or valve on the
steam pipe serves furthermore as a means of regulation more especially
for such cases where such an apparatus after having charged the pump
or syphon is used for preventing any accumulation of air in one or the
other, while such cock or valve generally is full open or nearly so while
charging.
Figure 3 shews the apparatus applied to a centrifugal pump. In this
case the delivery pipe has its exit under water. The foot valve is as
before stated done away with entirely, and the mouth of the suction
pipe is by preference so formed as to allow the water to enter with the
least possible resistance. The charging apparatus F is here applied to
the highest point of the delivery pipe, and a small air pipe G forms an
outer and independent communication between that point and the pump
casing.
Figure 4 shews the apparatus F applied to a centrifugal pump, the
delivery pipe of which is above water; in this case it is put directly on
the top of the pump casing from where it draws, and a simple kind of
flap valve I hung on hinges, and by preference weighted, so as to keep
tight during the exhausting, is applied to the mouth of the delivery pipe.
When this has been accomplished and the pump started the water rising
in the delivery pipe will force the finp valve I open, after which it may
conveniently be lifted out of the way so as to leave the opening quite
unobstructed. For syphons the best place for the apparatus is the top
of the syphon pipe where the air accumulates.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of this Invention, what I claim and
lesire to secure by Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The employment of a steam jet for the purpose of easily
charging centrifugal and other pumps and syphons, substantially as
described.
Secondly. The employment of a steam jet for the purpose of pre-
venting said pumps and syphons from loosing their water, substantially
as described.
Thirdly. The construction of the said suction and delivery pipes
and charging apparatus, and the combination of the former with the
latter.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
PETER JENSEN. (1.8.)