Improvements in Hooks and Eyes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1895
CODE LIMID SI BOITICATION.
Improvements in Hooks and Eyes.
We, Miss Eva MACKENZIE and Miss CECILIA MACKENZIE, of Bruchnain
House, Muirtown, in the County of Inverness, Gentlewomen, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to hooks and eyes, the objects being to prevent the hook
accidentally slipping out of the eye to securely attach such hooks and eyes to
the material which has to be fastened together, and to deter the point of the hook
from making holes in the fabric as it is being led up to its eye.
And in order that our said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, we have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings in which the same reference numerals
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figures 1. and 2. illustrate how and where hooks may be roughened: Figure 3.
illustrates a part view of a hook showing another mode of roughening its surface,
Figure 4. showing an eye roughened correspondingly.
Figure 5. shows various kinds of roughening.
Figures 6. and 7. illustrate hooks and eyes with elongated attaching loops.
Figure 8. shows a hook provided with a rounded point.
Figures 9. and 10. show hooks which have rounded points as in Figure 8, but
which have in addition projections which will tend to keep such hooks from
becoming detached from their respective eyes.
One part of our invention consists in roughening those parts of both the hook
and the eye which come in contact with each other when the garment is fastened,
as in Figures 1. 2. 3. and 4.
The roughening may be effected in any known way, such as for example by
cutting, stamping, rolling or otherwise forming furrows or grooves on the hooks
and eyes, such furrows or grooves being at any suitable angle. The roughening
may also be done by forming pointed projections on the hook and corresponding
recesses or holes in the eye, or conversely. In some cases the hooks and eyes
may have formed upon them a number of serrations of such a character as to allow
the hook to slip readily into the eye, but which would offer some resistance to its
accidental withdrawal, that is to say the serrations would be somewhat similar to
those used in an instantaneous grip vice or a ratchet wheel. In Figure 5. is
shown a portion of a wire provided with some of the grooves, furrows or projections
referred to above.
Another part of our invention consists in roughening, in any known suitable
manner, those parts of both hook and eye which are to be sewn over, as in
Figures 1. and 4, the object being to keep the threads by which they are sewn
on, from slipping out of place, or losing hold. An ordinary hook is apt to slip
forward away from the sewing, while our shank, being roughened, effectually
prevents this by giving the thread a firm and immoveable grip of the hook all the
way from the loops to the bend.
A third part of our invention consists in making the attaching loops of both
hooks and eyes of an oval or elongated shape, instead of round, in order that a
more extended grip of the cloth or other material may be taken. Such hooks and
eyes are illustrated by Figures 6. and 7.
The remaining part of our invention consists in making the points of the hooks
rounded or ball pointed, the object being to lessen the probability of such points

page_text: making holes in the material when the garments are being attached. Hooks with
rounded points are illustrated by Figures 8. 9. and 10.
We wish it to be particularly understood that we do not limit ourselves to the
precise details of construction hereinbefore described and illustrated on the annexed
drawings, but that we hold ourselves free to make such changes and alterations as
conform with the disposition and scope of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
(1) The mode or manner of constructing hooks and eyes substantially as
described, and for the purposes set forth.
(2) The use of furrows or grooves, pointed projections and corresponding recesses
or holes, serrations or like roughening in combination with hooks and eyes, substan-
tially as described, and for the purposes set forth.
(3) In hooks, the making of the point rounded or bulbed, that is to say ball
pointed, substantially as described and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 18th day of March 1896.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41 Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicants.