Improvements in or connected with Windows.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 30th May, 1894-Accepted, 14th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Windows.
I, ROWLAND PENNINGTON of 114 Croppers Hill, St. Helens, in the County of
Lancaster, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to windows having sashes which move up and down,
and which in ordinary cases are balanced by weights working in ways within the
side boards of the window frame.
According to the present invention, the upper and lower sashes of the window
are connected together by suitable cords or the like, as gut, which pass over a
pulley supported at the upper part of the window frame at either side, the plane of
the wheel being at right angles to that in which the windows are disposed.
Grooves are formed in the face of the sides of the frame in which the cords or
the like are disposed and run, the pullies being also disposed and working in a
recess in the said sides, and these may be more or less shielded or enclosed.
In most cases the cords or the like would be connected or attached to the sash
frame side bars at a point below their upper edges.
The window frames are in some cases made of simple upright and cross members,
and may be fastened in the walls without forming any special recesses or provisions
behind the side bars.
In the action of opening or closing a window (the sashes being connected
together and balanced either by themselves or by the addition of weight to the
one or other of them) by applying slight pressure to and lifting up or pulling
down a sash, the other sash will be moved at the same time and in a contrary
direction.
Dated this 2nd day of April 1894.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Windows.
I, ROWLAND PENNINGTON of 114 Croppers Hill, St. Helens, in the County of
Lancaster, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention has reference to windows having sashes which move up and down,
and which in ordinary cases are balanced by weights working in ways within the
side boards of the window frame.
According to the present invention, the upper and lower sashes of the window
are connected together by suitable cords or the like, as gut, which pass over a
pulley supported at the upper part of the window frame at either side, the plane
of the wheel being at right angles to that in which the windows are disposed.
Grooves are formed in the face of the sides of the frame in which the cords or the
like are disposed and run, the pullies being also disposed and working in a recess in
the said sides, and these may be more or less shielded or enclosed.

page_text: In most cases the cords or the like would be connected or attached to the sash
frame side bars at a point below their upper edges.
The window frames are in some cases made of simple upright and cross members,
and may be fastened in the walls without forming any special recesses or provisions
behind the side bars.
In the action of opening or closing a window (the sashes being connected
together and balanced either by themselves or by the addition of weight to the
one or other of them) by applying slight pressure to and lifting up or pulling
down a sash, the other sash will be moved at the same time and in a contrary
direction.
The invention, the nature of which is above described, will now be set forth with
the aid of the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a window embodying my
improvements.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a side elevation in section shewing the general arrangement and
construction of the window; and
Figures 2 and 3 are, respectively, a side sectional elevation, and front elevation
in section, shewing the construction of window to a larger scale.
Referring to the drawings, a are the upper and lower sashes of the window, and
b is one of the side members, and e the upper and lower members, of the frame in
which the sashes a fit and work. d is one of the chains, cords, or ropes, connecting
the two sashes together, the lower sash being connected by pins e at the lower part
thereof. is one of the pullies over which the chains or cords pass and work, the
plane of the wheels being at right angles to that of the window; and h is the groove
in the side frame member in which the chains or cords d pass and work. f¹ is a
plate of metal covering the face of the wheel f, it being fastened onto the face of
the side frame members b, and in which one end of the axle f2 of the pulley f is
supported. By having a plate over each pulley f, such pullies are practically
enclosed and shielded from the weather, and are also partly supported.
The pins, e, by which the chains or cords d are connected to the lower sash at
the lower part of same, are movable in the sash a, so the upper sash may be
lowered to some extent without moving the lower one. This movement is effected
by removing a pin i, on each side of the sash, which releases the bars in which the
j
pins e are fixed, such bars sliding in a groove k in each side of the sash.
To enable the outside of the glass of the upper and lower sash or either of them,
to be readily reached for cleaning them or for any other purpose, the lower part
of the inside beading is removed and the lower sash turned inwards and downwards
about the lower edge thereof; the studs or pins being disposed within the
grooves, serve as hinges or trunnions and guides to such sash. A simple
construction by which the beadings / may be moved easily, consists in providing
them with upper and lower dowels, the lower of which ship into the lower
members c of the frame, and the upper ones, sidewise into the side members d, the
division between the part 7 and the fixed part of such beading, being diagonal as
shewn, to prevent the lower one being accidentally pressel or coming out in the
direction of the arrow shewn in Figure 2.
When chain is used as a means of connecting the two sashes, a suitable kind is a
flat pitch chain.
It is to be understood that in most cases the frames a will be made to balance or
nearly balance each other.
Some of the advantages attending the use of windows constructed as herein
described are that :-The frame can be set and built solidly in the brickwork of the
building with no space behind it; the whole of the supporting chains, cords, or
ropes, are visible and can be attended to or repaired without difficulty or incon-
venience; and the construction is simpler and less costly than ordinary windows.
Besides these the window herein described affords the same facilities for cleaning,
ventilating, and other practical requirements as exist in ordinary windows.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
A window, having the sashes connected together by chains, cords, or ropes,
working in grooves or channels in the side members of the window frame and
passing over enclosed or covered pullies at the upper part of same, and said chains,
cords, or ropes, being connected with said lower sash, substantially as and for the
purposes herein set forth, and as shewn in the drawings hereto annexed.
Dated this 29th day of May 1894.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.