AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF HARROWS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Colborne Cambridge, of Bristol, Agricultural
Implement Maker, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF HARROWS."
Sealed the 10th December 1861, and dated the 19th October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Colborne Cam-.
bridge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th October 1861.
I, WILLIAM COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE, of Bristol, Agricultural Implement
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to simplify the construction of harrows by
reducing the number of parts employed in securing the tines in position.
Instead of, as heretofore, using the continuous transverse binding rods which
run through the heads of the tines and through the tine bars for the purpose
of securing the tines and bars in position, I propose to compose the binding
rods of parts which shall connect together end wise by screws and sockets
formed at their extremities, and thus avoid the necessity for employing loose
tubes for gauging the distances between the tines, and of loose nuts for
binding the several parts together. The parts composing the transverse
binding rods are composed of alternate lengths of hollow and solid rods
On

page_text: the ends of the hollow rods are forged collars or nuts for binding against the
bars or tine heads, and they are tapped internally to receive the screwed ends
of the solid rods. The ends of the solid rods are drawn down to the proper
diameter for the screws, and collars or nuts are forged thereon to form
shoulders for binding against the bars or tine heads, and with the shoulders on
the hollow rods, holding them firmly in place. The outside bars are held in
position by means of screws, which enter the outer ends of the hollow rods.
By this mode of forming the transverse binding rods great stiffness is ensured,
and the tendency of the parts of the harrow to work loose is avoided.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Colborne Cambridge in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COLBORNE CAMBRIDGE, of Bristol, Agricultural Implement Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the. Nineteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Colborne Cambridge, Her special license that I, the said William
Colborne Cambridge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, by
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and

page_text: by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
:-
The object of this Invention is to simplify the construction of harrows by
reducing the number of parts employed in securing the tines in position.
This improvement I propose to employ in connection with the Invention for
which I obtained Letters Patent, dated October twenty-fifth, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty, and which consists mainly in forming the tines of
crossheads, and fitting these crossheads into a trough or double flanged iron
beams. My present Invention may, however, be also applied with advantage
to other construction of harrow than that above referred to.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shews in plan view, and Fig. 2 in
partial sectional elevation, my present improvement applied to one of my
patent harrows. A, A, are the beams formed of flanged iron, and receiving
within their trough or groove: the cross bar of the tines: B. The tie rods are
shewn at C, and serves, as in all harrows of this kind, to determine the
distances between the beams, and hold the tines firmly in position. By
referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that instead of forming the tie rods of one
continuous length, as heretofore, and running them through the heads of the
tines and through the beams or tine bars for the purpose of securing the tines
and beams in position, I construct the tie rods of parts, which parts connect
together endwise by screws and sockets formed at their extremities, and
I thus avoid the necessity for employing, as is now commonly done, loose
tubes for gauging the distances between the tines, and also of loose nuts for
binding the several parts together. The transverse binding or tie rods are
each composed of alternate lengths of hollow and solid rods C and C. The
Drawing shews three of these rods as constituting one tie rod, but more may
be used, if thought desirable, the number being determined by the width of
harrow required. On the ends of the hollow rods C, C, are forged collars or
nuts c, c, which form shoulders for binding respectively against the adjacent
beams A and tine head B. The hollow rods C are also tapped internally at
their opposite ends to receive the screwed ends of the solid rod C*, and also
other screws to be presently referred to. The rod C is drawn down at its
extremities to the proper diameter for forming the screws d, d, and on this rod
collars or nuts e, e, are forged to form shoulders for binding against the
adjacent beam and tine head. It will now be understood that the inner beams
and tine heads are clipped between the shoulders on the hollow and solid
rods C, C, and C*, and that they are thereby held firmly in place. To secure
the outside beams and the outer lines of tines, screws f, f, are employed, which
enter the tapped ends of the hollow rods C, and bind respectively against the

page_text: tine heads and the beam. By this mode of forming the transverse binding or
tie rods, great stiffness is ensured, and the tendency of the parts of the harrow
to work loose is avoided.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "an improvement in the
construction of harrows, and explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters
Patent I claim, securing the tines of harrows in position by means of tie rods
constructed and fitted as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Colborne Cambridge, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Seventeenth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
W. C. CAMBRIDGE. (L.S.)