Improvements in Machines for Drying Brewers' Refuse and other Substances or Materials.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 31st Aug., 1894-Accepted, 1st Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Drying Brewers' Refuse and other
Substances or Materials.
I, RICHARD CUNLIFFE, of 61, Derby Villa, Derby Road, Weaste, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates more particularly to improvements in that class of
machines for drying brewers' refuse, grain, or other substances or materials
requiring similar treatment, in which a rotary cylindrical retort inside a casing is
employed in connection with a furnace for producing the heat necessary for the said
treatment.
The object of my invention is, firstly, to provide a machine for the aforesaid
purposes which may either be operated by hand or motive power as may be found
most suitable. Secondly, to provide means for the better utilization of the hot
gases from the furnace so as to perform the drying or similar operations more rapid
besides obtaining a better result.
To this end I employ a rotary cylindrical retort inside a suitable casing.
However instead of introducing the substance or material to be treated at the end
of the said retort I form the periphery thereof with a suitable door or doors, in
connection with similar other door or doors formed in the said casing, which door
or doors permit of introducing the said substance or material into the said retort
from the side in a more convenient and ready manner. The sides of the said
casing extend a little below the centre of the said retort and are continued by
brickwork so as to leave the lower part of the retort exposed. The said retort is
furnished at each end with a hollow trunnion and is thereby mounted in suitable
bearings. Upon one of the said trunnions is secured a spur wheel in diameter
about equal to that of the said retort, which wheel is arranged in gear with a spur
pinion fixed upon the one end of a shaft mounted in suitable bearings and carrying
also a fast and a loose pulley and a fly wheel furnished with a handle by means of
which rotary motion may be imparted to the said retort either by hand or motive
power at will.
In lieu of employing an open furnace below the said retort I employ, a closed
furnace preferably at the side thereof, the hot gases from the fire space entering
the space below the said retort through a passage formed in the respective side
of the furnace, a passage or pipe being also arranged to communicate with the
back end of the fire space of the furnace and the centre of the respective
retort end.
In lieu of using ordinary fire bars in the said furnace I form the same hollow
and taper towards the back end of the furnace so as to permit cold air to pass
through the same and issue in a heated condition into the passage or pipe aforesaid.
Above the fire space I employ a number of pipes through which cold air is also
permitted to pass for the purpose of being heated and conducted through the
aforesaid passage or pipe into the said retort. The retort trunnion at the front
end of the furnace as well as the space below the retort I suitably connect with a
chimney.
If desired steam jets may be employed in the said chimney, in the furnace and in
connection with the said hollow fire bars for the promotion of draught.
Dated this 30th day of November 1893.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Drying Brewers' Refuse and other
Substances or Materials.
I, RICHARD CUNLIFFE, of 61, Derby Villa, Derby Road, Weaste, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates more particularly to improvements in that class of
machines for drying brewers' refuse, spent hops, grain, or other substances or
materials requiring similar treatment, in which a rotary cylindrical retort inside a
casing is employed in connection with a furnace for producing the heat necessary
for the said treatment.
The object of my invention is, firstly, to provide a machine for the aforesaid
purposes which may either be operated by hand or motive power as may be found
most suitable. Secondly, to provide means for the better utilization of the hot
gases from the furnace so as to perform the drying or similar operations more rapid
besides obtaining a better result.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my improved machine with furnace in section.
Fig. 2 is an end view, Fig. 3 a plan partly in section and Fig. 4 a vertical cross
section of the same at line A-B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a section of a portion of the furnace showing a modification thereof.
In carrying out my invention and referring to the figures generally, I employ a
rotary cylindrical retort a inside a suitable casing b. However instead of intro-
ducing the substance or material to be treated at the end of the retort a I form the
periphery thereof with a suitable door or doors e in connection with a similar other
door or doors d formed in the casing which latter door or doors permit of
introducing the substance or material to be treated into the retort a from the side
of the machine in a more convenient and ready manner. The sides of the casing b
extend a little below the centre of the retort a one resting upon the furnace e and
the other at each end upon the brickwork so as to leave the lower part of the
retort a exposed to the hot gases coming from the furnace e. The retort a is
furnished at each end with a hollow trunnion g, g', adapted to revolve upon
pulleys h. Upon the trunnion g is secured a spur wheel in diameter about equal
to that of the retort a and arranged in gear with a spur pinion i fixed upon the one
end of a shaft k mounted in suitable bearings and carrying also a fast and loose
pulley m, m, and a fly wheel n furnished with a handle by means of which
rotary motion can be imparted to the retort a either by hand or motive power
at will.
In lieu of employing an open furnace below the retort a I employ a closed
furnace e preferably at the side thereof, the hot gases in the fire space e¹ entering
the space below the retort a through a passage o formed in the respective side of
the furnace e, a passage or pipe p being also arranged to communicate with the
back end of the fire bars y of the furnace e and the centre or trunnion g at the
respective end of the retort a.
In lieu of using ordinary fire bars in the furnace e I form the same hollow and
taper towards the back end thereof so as to permit cold air to pass through the
saine and enter in a heated condition the passage or pipe and retort a. Above
the fire space e¹ 1 employ in a chamber a number of pipes s through which cold
air is also permitted to pass for the purpose of being heated and conducted through
the passage or pipe p into the retort a. In lieu of the pipes s perforated partitions t

page_text: may be employed in the chamber r, as shown in Fig. 5. The retort trunnion g' as
well as the space below the retort a I suitably connect with a chimney v, inside
of which may be employed a burner w to burn the foul gases and at the same time
create a draft, or steam jets may be used for creating draught.
If desired steam jets r may be employed in the furnace e and in connection with
the hollow fire bars y for the promotion of draught.
The means and method described for heating the retort a and its contents enable
ne to treat the latter more uniformly and quicker than heretofore has been the case
and will permit of interrupting the rotation of the retort a without injury to the same
and its contents.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim, is-
"In machines for drying brewers' refuse and other substances or materials."
1st. The general construction and combination of parts constituting my improve-
ments operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. In combination with the retort a, a spur wheel fixed upon its trunuion g¹
gearing into a spur pinion i fixed upon a shaft k carrying a fast and loose
pulley m, m', and also a hand wheel n, n', substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
3rd. In combination with the retort a and casing b a furnace e having a passage o
communicating with the space between the casing band the retort a and a passage
or pipe communicating with the interior of the retort a, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
4th. In combination with the furnace e, e¹, o specified in the preceding claim, a
chamber containing one or more series of pipes s or perforations t open at each
end and communicating at the back end with the passage or pipe p leading to the
interior of the retort a, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5th. In the furnace, specified in Claims 3 & 4, the employment of hollow tapered
fire bars છુ the back ends of which are in communication with the passage or pipe p
leading to the interior of the retort a, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
Dated this 30th day of August 1894.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.