New or Improved Apparatus for Heating Buildings and other Places by the Circulation of Hot Water.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 13th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 5th Feb., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Apparatus for Heating Buildings and other Places
by the Circulation of Hot Water.
We, WILLIAM ALLMAN, of No. 45, Villa Road, Handsworth, in the County of
Stafford, Manufacturer, and JOHN THOMPSON COPE, of No. 86, Tiverton Road,
Selly Oak, in the County of Worcester, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of the construction and arrangements hereinafter described
of the parts of hot water heating apparatus whereby the heating of buildings
and other places can be effected efficiently and economically.
We will describe our invention as applied to the heating of a large room.
We fix a tank preferably closed at top at a height greater than the height of
any range of hot water piping fixed in the room to be heated by the circulation of
water in the said piping and we fix a closed tank, preferably cylindrical, below the
lowest part of the range of hot water piping referred to. The range of hot water
piping referred to consists of a continuous pipe which passes several times round
the room and against the walls of the room the upper end of the said pipe opening
into the upper tank. The lower end of the said pipe opens into the lower part of
the lower tank. A vertical pipe communicating with the top of the lower tank
ascends to a height a little above the top of the upper tank the open end of the said
pipe being bent over the top of the said upper tank. A steam jet or lifter situated
a little above the top of the lower tank delivers, when the apparatus is in operation,
a jet of steam into the vertical pipe. The steam may have a pressure of ten
pounds or more on the square inch but we do not limit ourselves to any particular
pressure. The said jet of steam rapidly heats the water in the vertical pipe raising
it in the said pipe and delivering it into the upper tank. The ascent of the heated
water in the said vertical pipe and its delivery into the upper tank produces an
exhaust in the lower tank and thereby determines a flow or circulation of water
through the range of hot water piping. The action thus set up is continuous, that
is to say, the steam jet produces a continuous delivery of heated water into the
upper tank which heated water passing from the bottom of the said upper tank
into the range of piping circulates through the said piping and returns to the
bottom of the lower tank to be again heated and raised into the upper tank by the
steam jet.
The various parts of the apparatus are provided with valves and stopcocks to
regulate and stop when necessary the circulation.
Where as for example in the case of a conservatory it is desired to charge the
air with moisture, we arrange a series of open troughs preferably passing around
and crossing the floor of the conservatory. These troughs are connected with the
upper and lower tanks described and by means of valves or stopcocks the circulation
of hot water in the said open troughs may be so regulated as to produce the required
impregnation of the air with moisture.
The said open troughs and the range of hot water piping may be used inde-
pendently of each other.

page_text: The upper tank may have an overflow pipe and be provided with an
for the escape of steam.
opening
New or Improved Apparatus for Heating Buildings and other Places
by the Circulation of Hot Water.
4
We, WILLIAM ALLMAN, of No. 45, Villa Road, Handsworth, in the County, of
Stafford, Manufacturer, and JOHN THOMPSON COPE, of No. 86, Tiverton Road,
Selly Oak, in the County of Worcester, Commercial Traveller, do hereby declare
the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention consists of the construction and arrangements hereinafter
described of the parts of hot water heating apparatus whereby the heating of build-
ings and other places can be effected efficiently and economically.
We will describe our invention as applied to the heating of a large room.
We fix a tank preferably closed at top at a height greater than the height of
any range of hot water piping fixed in the room to be heated by the circulation of
water in the said piping and we fix a closed tank or cylinder below the lowest part
of the range of hot water piping referred to. The range of hot water piping
referred to consists of a continuous pipe which passes several times round the room
and against the walls of the room the upper end of the said pipe opening into the
upper tank. The lower end of the said pipe opens into the lower part of the lower
tank or cylinder. A vertical pipe communicating with the top of the lower tank
or cylinder ascends and its open end passes into the side, or over the top of the
upper tank, above the water line of the said upper tank. A steam jet or lifter
situated a little above the top of the lower tank or cylinder delivers a jet of steam
into the vertical pipe. The steam may have a pressure of ten pounds or more on
the square inch but we do not limit ourselves to any particular pressure. The
said jet of steam rapidly heats the water in the vertical pipe raising it in the said
pipe and delivering it into the upper tank. The ascent of the heated water in the
said vertical pipe and its delivery into the upper tank produces an exhaust in the
lower tank or cylinder and thereby determines a flow or circulation of water
through the range of hot water piping. The action thus set up is continuous, that
is to say, the steam jet produces a continuous delivery of heated water into the
upper tank which heated water passing from the bottom of the said upper tank
into the range of piping circulates through the said piping and feturns to the
bottom of the lower tank or cylinder to be again heated and raised into the upper
tank by the steam jet.
The various parts of the apparatus are provided with valves and stopcocks to
regulate and stop when necessary the circulation.
Where, as for example in the case of a conservatory it is desired to charge the
air with moisture, we arrange a series of open troughs preferably passing around
and crossing the floor of the conservatory. These troughs are connected with the
upper tank and lower tank or cylinder described, and by means of valves or stop-
cocks the circulation of the hot water in the said open troughs may be so regulated
as to produce the required impregnation of the air with moisture.
The said open troughs and the range of hot water piping may be used inde-
pendently of each other,
i

page_text: The upper tank may have an overflow pipe and be provided with an opening
for the escape of steam.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing illustrates diagrammatically the applica-
tion of our invention to the heating of a two story building, say a factory or ware-
house, and Figure 2 illustrates its application to the heating of a conservatory
when moisture in the atmosphere of the conservatory is required.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both figures of the
drawing.
We will first describe the arrangement Figure 1.
We arrange at a height greater than the highest point of the building a tank a
the said tank being closed except for an air inlet pipe a² or for the escape of steam
and an overflow pipe not represented and we arrange below the lowest part of the
range of hot water piping marked b, 61, 62 a closed tank or cylinder c provided with
a manhole c¹ and draw off taps 2 for emptying and cleaning out purposes. The
said upper tank a and lower tank or cylinder are connected by a vertical pipe d
which dips into the closed tank or cylinder c and extends to near the bottom
thereof as is indicated in dotted lines in the drawing. The open top of the vertical
pipe d opens into the upper tank above the water line. In the said pipe d and
just above the top of the closed tank or cylinder c is a steam injector or lifter e
steam to which is supplied by a pipe e¹ in connection with a steam boiler or
generator. The pipe e is provided with a wheel valve e² and check valve e to
regulate the pressure of the steam which is varied with the height to which the
water is to be lifted.
The said tank a and tank or cylinder c are also in communication with one
another by means of the hot water circulating piping b, b1, b2 which piping is
provided with shut off valves f, f³, f²³, f³, ft, f³:
The said hot water piping is carried round the rooms of the building to be
heated at a short distance above the floor of the same and is either carried under
or over doors or other obstructions as may be most convenient as will be seen by
reference to the drawing.
The apparatus is used as follows:-The lower tank or cylinder c, hot water
circulating piping b, b1, b2 and upper tank a having been filled with water to the
level indicated in the said upper tank a, steam at or about a pressure of 10lbs. on
the square inch is admitted by the pipe e¹ and valves e², e³ to the injector e which
is of the ordinary kind and water is thereby lifted up the pipe d
into the tank a and at the same time heated. The lifting of the
water from the lower tank or cylinder c and its delivery into the upper
tank a ensures a flow of water through the hot water piping b, b1, b2 the
shut off valves of which are opened according as it is desired to heat the whole
building or only a portion thereof. We will first describe the heating of the whole
building. The shut off valves f¹, f², f³, f are opened and the shut off valves f, f³
are closed. It will thus be seen that the water flows first round the range of
piping of the upper room or story and descends in a part of the pipe b¹ to the
range of piping in the lower room or story through which it flows to the closed
tank or cylinder c.
Where it is desired to heat a portion only of the building, say, the upper story,
the shut off valves f¹, f, fo are opened and the shut off valves f, f³, fare closed.
It will thus be seen that the water after passing through the upper range of
piping 6 descends in the pipe 6' direct to the closed tank or cylinder c. By closing
the shut off valves f¹, f, f5 and opening the valves f, f³, f the lower room or story
only may be heated. It will be further seen that where thought sufficient one
range of the double range of piping in each of the rooms only may be used or one
range only in one room and the double range in the other room to suit the require-
ments of the occupants.
In the arrangement for heating a conservatory or greenhouse represented in
Figure 2, open troughs g, g, 9 provided with sluice valves g¹, g¹, for controlling
the flow and a catch pit h for collecting dirt which may get into the open troughs

page_text: are substituted in part for the range of piping in the arrangement Figure 1. By
the use of the said open troughs a supply of moisture to the interior of the con-
servatory is determined and the said supply can be regulated in a way superior to
any at present in use. Where the conservatory is to be heated to a degree greater
than can be obtained by the use of the said open troughs we use in addition to the
said apparatus shown in Figure 2 an apparatus of the kind shown in Figure 1.
Corresponding parts in the said Figures 1 and 2 are marked with the same
letters of reference.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we
claim as our invention: -
First; The new or improved apparatus for heating buildings and other places
by the circulation of hot water herein before described and illustrated in Figure 1
of the accompanying drawing, the said apparatus consisting essentially of a
closed tank or cylinder situated at the lowest part of the building to be heated
and a tank, closed except for an air inlet hole, at the highest part of the building
to be heated, the said lower tank or cylinder and upper tank being in communica-
tion with each other by an ascending pipe at the bottom of which is a steam
injector or lifter and by descending pipes in the form of ranges of hot water
piping passing around the room or rooms to be heated, the said pipes being pro-
vided with valves for controlling the flow of the water through the said piping,
the several parts of the hot water heating apparatus being constructed and combined
and operating substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
Secondly-The new or improved hot water heating apparatus hereinbefore
described and illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawing, the said
apparatus being essentially of the kind claimed in the preceeding claim except that
the ranges of hot water piping are replaced by an open trough or troughs in the
floor of the conservatory substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Dated this Tenth day of December 1897.
WILLIAM ALLMAN.
JOHN THOMPSON COPE