Improvements in and Looms or Apparatus for Weaving Velvet or Out Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1886

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Looms or Apparatus for Weaving Velvet
or Out Pile Fabrics.
I WILLIAM HENRY BAIRSTOW of Kidderminster in the County of Worcester
but at present residing at 50 Carolinen Strasse Barmen Rhenish Prussia Manager
of Carpet Works do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to weave figured velvet or cut pile fabrics so that
a double fabric or backing is produced with the ornamental or body threads
between and joining the two fabrics or backings the two fabrics thus produced
being afterwards cut or divided by severing the portions of the ornamental or body
threads which extend between the two fabrics or backings thus producing two
fabrics each having a cut or velvet pile face they both having been produced from
the loom at the same time. With this object I so arrange the jacquard in
combination with the healds tappets and shuttle boxes or the equivalents thereof
that the body threads are shed both from below and from above that is from one
of the fabrics or backings to the other one half of the ornamental or body threads
being normally in one fabric and half in the other. I thus not only produce two
ornamental fabrics at the same time from one loom but I effect great economy in
the amount of ornamental or body threads used. I may use wires, without a knife
on the end, to give the length of pile required the said wires being inserted and
withdrawn between the two fabrics or backings as the wires are inserted and
withdrawn in weaving a single fabric in the usual way. Or in place of wires I
may use projections on each dent of the reed which beats up the weft these
projections coming between the two fabrics or backings on beating up and giving
a depth of pile in accordance with the length of the said projections. This may
be applied to looms or apparatus for weaving double fabrics of the kind described
whether they be plain or figured. The severing apparatus may be of any suitable
kind and be either part of the loom or independent of it but I prefer to use a pair
of toothed or serrated cutting plates moving over each other after the manner of
horse clippers.
I may effect the requisite movement for the shedding of the ornamental or body
threads by dividing the lifter board and independently operating each part and
the holes and slots in the one part can be relatively reversed in position so that the
required shed from both above and below is obtained.
1000
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said William Henry Bairstow.

page_text: Improvements in and Looms or Apparatus for Weaving Velvet
or Cut Pile Fabrics.
I WILLIAM HENRY BAIRSTOW of Kidderminster in the County of Worcester
but at present residing at 50 Carolinen Strasse Barmen Rhenish Prussia Manager
of Carpet Works, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of my Invention is to weave figured velvet or cut pile fabrics so that
a double fabric or backing is produced with the ornamental or body threads
between and joining the two fabrics or backings the two fabrics thus produced
being afterwards cut or divided by severing the portions of the ornamental or body
threads which extend between the two fabrics or backings thus producing two
fabrics each having a cut or velvet pile face, they both having been produced from
the loom at the same time. With this object I so arrange the jacquard in
combination with the healds tappets and shuttle boxes or the equivalents thereof
that the body threads are shed both from below and from above, that is from one
of the fabrics or backings to the other, one half of the ornamental or body threads
being normally in one fabric and half in the other. I thus not only produce two
ornamental fabrics at the same time from one loom, but I effect great economy in
the amount of ornamental or body threads used, I may use wires without a knife
on the end, to give the length of pile required the said wires being inserted and
withdrawn from between the two fabrics or backings, as the wires are inserted and
withdrawn in weaving a single fabric in the usual way. Or in place of wires I
may use projections on each dent of the reed which beats up the weft, these
projections coming between the two fabrics or backings on beating up and giving a
depth of pile in accordance with the length of the said projections. This may be
applied to looms or apparatus for weaving double fabrics of the kind described,
whether they be plain or figured or by constructing and arranging the shuttle race
as hereinafter described, the distance wires and the projections on the reed may be
dispensed with. The severing apparatus may be of any suitable kind and be
either part of the loom or independent of it, but I prefer to use a pair of toothed
or serrated cutting plates moving over each other after the manner of horse
clippers.
may effect the requisite movement for the shedding of the ornamental or body
threads by dividing the lifting board and independently operating each part, and
the holes and slits in the one part can be relatively reversed in position so that the
required shed from both above and below is obtained.
And in order that my Invention may be clearly understood I will proceed to
further explain the same with reference to the accompanying drawings which
illustrate the mechanism I employ in carrying out my Invention.

page_text: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a loom constructed according to
my Invention Figure 2 is a plan of a part of the same showing the position of
the cutting blades the stop motions and the left hand shuttle boxes.
Figure 3 is a front elevation of a portion of the loom shewing the stop motions
and shuttle boxes on right hand side of loom also the arrangement for operating
the cutting blades.
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view shewing the shuttle race for carrying the top
shuttle through the shedding the gears or healds the brake for holding the warp
threads during the time they are being bound from above and below also the tappet
and levers for operating same.
Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view of the jacquard I use for shedding the
warp threads from above and below during the process of weaving the two fabrics.
Figure 6 shews in sectional elevation and plan part of the lifting boards and
Figure 6 needles for weaving with six frames of yarn.
Figures 7 and 8 represent in transverse section and front elevation respectively
the shuttle boxes I employ when weaving with two shuttles to each fabric and the
remaining figures are details which will be hereinafter referred to.
Referring to Figure 1 A A¹ are the taking up rollers upon which the two fabrics
are wound as they are being formed they are each provided with a worm-wheel B
driven by the worm keyed on the shaft D. On the opposite end of the shaft D)
is fixed one part of a clutch or coupling E the other part of the said coupling
being mounted on the shaft D¹ which is driven by means of a
gearing with a worm H fixed on the crank shaft I.
worm wheel &
K K¹ Figures 1. 2 and 3 are two cutting blades (shewn on a larger scale in
Figures 9. 10. 11 and 12) which separate the two fabrics the top blade K¹ being
secured to the front rail L of the loom whilst the lower blade K is connected to
the blade K by screws and lock nuts so as to be capable of sliding to and fro
under the said top blade and is operated as hereinafter described with reference to
Figure 3. M is the lay provided with two sets of shuttle boxes N N₁ the two
shuttles being picked at the same time by one stick in the usual way from the lay
shaft c.
001 are stop rods which act on stop block P to stop the loom when
the shuttles fail to make their proper throw. QQ'are the chain beams for the top
fabric one of which beams (Q) is provided with letting off motion consisting of a
worm-wheel R fast on the axis of the beam Q and gearing with a worm S mounted
on the spindle T which spindle is driven by a ratchet wheel U and pawl V operated
by an arm V on the rocking shaft W. The beam Q₁ is operated in a similar
manner but from the opposite side of loom.
The chain beams X X for the bottom fabric are operated in the same way as
that described with reference to the beams QQ the beam X being operated by
the worm X and worm wheel X' and the beam X¹ being operated by similar gear
on the opposite side of the loom.
Y is a tappet fixed on the treadle box wheel (not shown in the drawing) which
tappet together with the lever Z and bowl a effects the lifting of half the harness
cords. b is a lever arm fixed on the lay shaft c and connected at its outer end to
a rod d for operating the cutting blade K hereinbefore referred to.
The said cutting blade is caused to move to effect the separation of the two
fabrics only when the lay recedes from them the said movement being effected
through the lever b connecting rod d and bell crank lever d¹ (see Figure 3) by the
arm or lever which is connected by a pin or bolt so as to be capable of adjustment
in a slot e in the rod d whilst the return motion is effected by a spiral spring f
connected at one end to the bell crank d¹ and at its opposite end to the loom frame.
The cutter may be caused to act at each receding motion of the lay or at any other
desired periods.
In Figure 4, represents the shuttle race for the top shuttle, it is composed of
a number of thin strips of steel, bent to the required form shewn, and arranged
side by side, at intervals of three or four inches, and connected to an angle iron h,

page_text: secured to the frame of the loom. These strips pass through the gears or healds i,
harness k, and the reed 1, and enter between the cloth plates m, where they remain
loose, but are held in position by being bound above and below with the yarn
threads. By constructing the shuttle race in the manner described the distance
wires and the projections on the reed for regulating the depth of the pile may be
dispensed with.
The gears or healds i, are provided with two eyes, one for the top chain n, and
one for the bottom chain o.
The yarns for forming the pattern or design are wound upon bobbins mounted
in frames as is usual in looms for weaving Brussels carpets or velvet pile, a separate
frame being provided for each colour and each bobbin is governed by a weight of
its own which always maintains the yarn taut so that when the yarn is raised or
lowered by the jacquard to form the pattern it is afterwards brought back or the
slack taken up by the weight when the jacquard makes its return motion. p, is a
brake having for its object to hold the said yarn threads (when being raised from
the bottom fabric and lowered from the top fabric to form the pattern,) until such
threads are bound above and below by the weft threads, and so prevent the weight
on the bobbins from drawing the two fabrics together; and it consists of two
upright levers q, mounted on studs s, and carrying four bars r, over which the
various coloured yarn threads for producing the pattern pass.-Above each pair of
the bars r, is arranged a bar t, carried by a rod or rods x and fitted to slide in
slots u, in the levers the said bars t, being raised and lowered therein by means
of the tappet v, lever 1, and rod or rods x, the tappet ", being driven by a pinion y,
fixed on the bottom shaft y' and gearing with the wheel z. The bars t and one of
the bars of each of the pair of bars r, are covered with cloth to prevent the threads
from slipping. The brake is connected to the loom frame by screws or otherwise
so as to be capable of adjustment nearer to or further from the healds i, the nearer
it is adjusted to the said healds the greater will be the angle to which the yarns
are drawn by the jacquard and greater the length of yarn drawn from the bobbins
and as the yarns are held by the brake so as to prevent them from being acted
upon by the weights until they are bound by the weft and the jacquard is making
its opposite motion a deeper pile is produced on the fabric.
When using shuttle boxes for four shuttles, vizt. two for the top fabric and two
for the bottom fabric, as illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, the arms x, x carrying the
shuttle boxes (N, N1, N2 N³) are mounted so as to oscillate on a stud or shaft y,
fixed to the loom side and are actuated by a tappet cam w, and lever v, as shewn
in Figure 7.
The picker sticks, u, u, for driving the shuttles, pass through the pickers in the
usual way and are centred at t, to the arm a¹ on which they oscillate when acted
upon by the driver s-The driver is hinged at r, to a bracket g, secured to the
shaft or stud, y, by a set screw, p, and is operated directly by the picker strap
attached to the ordinary picking shaft in the same manner as ordinary picker sticks
are acted upon when using only two shuttles. The driver has motion in one plane
only, having no motion round the shaft or stud y, and it acts first on one of the
picker sticks u, and then on the other, as they together with the shuttle boxes are
alternately moved into position by the tappet 20, and lever v.
In the sectional view of the jacquard, illustrated by Figure 5 it will be seen that
the boards are all divided into two parts-The top board 1 contains the cords which
carry the yarn threads for the top fabric and the board 2 contains the cords which
carry the yarns for the bottom fabric. The middle boards 3 and 4 which are
termed the lifting boards, are provided with holes and slots the slots in the one
board 4, being arranged in the reversed direction to those in the board 3 as shewn
in Figure 6-The board 4 can be raised or lowered to such a position that when
the knots are laying on the board the yarn threads for the top cloth are lowered in
line with the shuttle race 9 Figure 4-The top board 1 is raised and lowered by
means of the lappet Y and lever Z-(Figure 1)-The cords in this board have only

page_text: one set of knots immediately over the board 4 and pass through the comber
board 5 Figure 4 without knots-It will thus be seen that when the needles push
the cords required to form the pattern for the top fabric they pass through the holes
in the board 4 and go to the surface of the lay to be bound-The needles operating
on the cords passing through the lifting board 3 and pushing the knots into the
slots thereof are raised in the usual way by the lever 6 and rods 7 and 8 and lift
the yarn threads from the bottom fabric to be bound in the top fabric the said
cords having also knots immediately above the comber board 5 (Figure 4) are
raised and lowered in the usual way for back and face shots.
Figures 13 and 14 are diagrams shewing the two fabrics woven together ready
to be separated by the cutters.
I do not confine myself to the means described for severing the fabrics, as other
means may be employed for example I may divide the fabrics by means of a single
cutting blade passing from right to left and left to right on a slide. Or by means
of a circular knife driven with a cord or I may use an endless steel tape knife,
after the manner of a band saw. And with respect to the shuttle race I may
substitute therefor, carriers arranged in front of the reed to enter the threads for
the shuttle to pass over and then to immediately withdraw, for the lay to close the
shot in the fabric.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
First. The manufacture of figured velvet or cut pile fabrics substantially as and by
the apparatus hereinbefore described.
Second. In looms or apparatus for weaving figured velvet or cut pile fabrics
constructed as herein described the arrangement of the jacquard in combination with
the healds tappets and shuttle boxes or equivalents thereof so that the body threads
are shed both from below and from above or from one of the fabrics or backings to
the other, one half of the body threads being normally in one fabric and one half in
the other substantially as hereinbefore described.
Third. In looms or apparatus for weaving double fabrics of the kind described
(whether plain or ornamental) projections on the reed, which projections come
between the two fabrics or backings in beating up and give the required depth of
pile substantially as hereinbefore described.
Fourth. In looms or apparatus for producing double fabrics of the kind described
a divided lifting board with each part independently operated and with the holes
and slits in one part in the reverse position to those in the other part so that the
required shed from both above and below is obtained substantially as described.
Fifth. In looms or apparatus for producing double fabrics of the kind described
the adjustable brake q and parts connected therewith arranged to operate substan-
tially in the manner and for the purpose herein before described with reference to
Figure 4 of my drawings.
Sixth. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts consti-
tuting improvements in looms or apparatus for weaving velvet or cut pile fabrics as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by my drawings.
Seventh. In looms for weaving velvet or cut pile fabrics of the kind described
the combination with one picking shaft and double arrangement of picker sticks
and shuttle carriers of the driver S and means for causing the said picker sticks
and shuttle carriers to be brought into position as required for either of them to be
operated on by the same picking motion substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 14th 1000

page_text: Improvements in and Looms or Apparatus for Weaving Velvet
or Cut Pile Fabrios.
I WILLIAM HENRY BAIRSTOW of Kidderminster in the County of Worcester
but at present residing at 50 Carolinen Strasse Barmen Rhenish Prussia Manager
of Carpet Works do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to weave figured velvet or cut pile fabrics so that
a double fabric or backing is produced with the ornamental or body threads
between and joining the two fabrics or backings the two fabrics thus produced
being afterwards cut or divided by severing the portions of the ornamental or body
threads which extend between the two fabrics or backings thus producing two
fabrics each having a cut or velvet pilé face they both having been produced from
the loom at the same time. With this object I so arrange the jacquard in
combination with the healds tappets and shuttle boxes or the equivalents thereof
that the body threads are shed both from below and from above that is from one
of the fabrics or backings to the other one half of the ornamental or body threads
being normally in one fabric and half in the other. I thus not only produce two
ornamental fabrics at the same time from one loom but I effect great economy in
the amount of ornamental or body threads used. I may use wires, without a knife
on the end, to give the length of pile required the said wires being inserted and
withdrawn between the two fabrics or backings as the wires are inserted and
withdrawn in weaving a single fabric in the usual way. Or in place of wires I
may use projections on each dent of the reed which beats up the weft these
projections coming between the two fabrics or backings on beating up and giving
a depth of pile in accordance with the length of the said projections. This may
be applied to looms or apparatus for weaving double fabrics of the kind described
whether they be plain or figured. The severing apparatus may be of any suitable
kind and be either part of the loom or independent of it but I prefer to use a pair
of toothed or serrated cutting plates moving over each other after the manner of
horse clippers.
I may effect the requisite movement for the shedding of the ornamental or body
threads by dividing the lifter board and independently operating each part and
the holes and slots in the one part can be relatively reversed in position so that the
required shed from both above and below is obtained.
·
T
1000

page_text: Improvements in and Looms or Apparatus for Weaving Velvet
or Cut Pile Fabrics.
I WILLIAM HENRY BAIRSTOW of Kidderminster in the County of Worcester
but at present residing at 50 Carolinen Strasse Barmen Rhenish Prussia Manager
of Carpet Works, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The object of my Invention is to weave figured velvet or cut pile fabrics so that
a double fabric or backing is produced with the ornamental or body threads
between and joining the two fabrics or backings the two fabrics thus produced
being afterwards cut or divided by severing the portions of the ornamental or body
threads which extend between the two fabrics or backings thus producing two
fabrics each having a cut or velvet pile face, they both having been produced from
the loom at the same time. With this object I so arrange the jacquard in
combination with the healds tappets and shuttle boxes or the equivalents thereof
that the body threads are shed both from below and from above, that is from one
of the fabrics or backings to the other, one half of the ornamental or body threads
being normally in one fabric and half in the other. I thus not only produce two
ornamental fabrics at the same time from one loom, but I effect great economy in
the amount of ornamental or body threads used, I may use wires without a knife
on the end, to give the length of pile required the said wires being inserted and
withdrawn from between the two fabrics or backings, as the wires are inserted and
withdrawn in weaving a single fabric in the usual way. Or in place of wires I
may use projections on each dent of the reed which beats up the weft, these
projections coming between the two fabrics or backings on beating up and giving a
depth of pile in accordance with the length of the said projections. This may be
applied to looms or apparatus for weaving double fabrics of the kind described,
whether they be plain or figured or by constructing and arranging the shuttle race
as hereinafter described, the distance wires and the projections on the reed may be
dispensed with. The severing apparatus may be of any suitable kind and be
either part of the loom or independent of it, but I prefer to use a pair of toothed
or serrated cutting plates moving over each other after the manner of horse
clippers.
may effect the requisite movement for the shedding of the ornamental or body
threads by dividing the lifting, board and independently operating each part, and
the holes and slits in the one part can be relatively reversed in position so that the
required shed from both above and below is obtained.
And in order that my Invention may be clearly understood I will proceed to
further explain the same with reference to the accompanying drawings which
illustrate the mechanism I employ in carrying out my Invention.

page_text: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a loom constructed according to
my Invention Figure 2 is a plan of a part of the same showing the position of
the cutting blades the stop motions and the left hand shuttle boxes.
Figure 3 is a front elevation of a portion of the loom shewing the stop. motions
and shuttle boxes on right hand side of loom also the arrangement for operating
the cutting blades.
J
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view shewing the shuttle race for carrying the top
shuttle through the shedding the gears or healds the brake for holding the warp
threads during the time they are being bound from above and below also the tappet
and levers for operating same.
Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view of the jacquard I use for shedding the
warp threads from above and below during the process of weaving the two fabrics.
Figure 6 shews in sectional elevation and plan part of the lifting boards and
Figure 6 needles for weaving with six frames of yarn.
Figures 7 and 8 represent in transverse section and front elevation respectively
the shuttle boxes I employ when weaving with two shuttles to each fabric and the
remaining figures are details which will be hereinafter referred to.
Referring to Figure 1 A A¹ are the taking up rollers upon which the two fabrics
are wound as they are being formed they are each provided with a worm-wheel B
driven by the worm C keyed on the shaft D. On the opposite end of the shaft D
is fixed one part of a clutch or coupling E the other part of the said coupling
being mounted on the shaft D¹ which is driven by means of a worm wheel G
gearing with a worm H fixed on the crank shaft I.
K K¹ Figures 1. 2 and 3 are two cutting blades (shown on a larger scale in
Figures 9. 10. 11 and 12) which separate the two fabrics the top blade K¹ being
secured to the front rail L of the loom whilst the lower blade K is connected to
the blade K' by screws and lock nuts so as to be capable of sliding to and fro
under the said top blade and is operated as hereinafter described with reference to
Figure 3. M is the lay provided with two sets of shuttle boxes N N¹ the, two
shuttles being picked at the same time by one stick in the usual way from the lay
shaft c.
00¹ are stop rods which act on stop block P to stop the loom when
the shuttles fail to make their proper throw. QQ are the chain beams for the top
fabric one of which beams (Q) is provided with letting off motion consisting of a
worm-wheel R fast on the axis of the beam Q and gearing with a worm S mounted
on the spindle T which spindle is driven by a ratchet wheel U and pawl V operated
by an arm V¹ on the rocking shaft W. The beam Q¹ is operated in a similar
manner but from the opposite side of loom.
The chain beams XX¹ for the bottom fabrio are operated in the same way as
that described with reference to the beams QQ the beam X being operated by
the worm X and worm wheel X³ and the beam X¹ being operated by similar gear
on the opposite side of the loom.
Y is a tappet fixed on the treadle box wheel (not shewn in the drawing) which
tappet together with the lever Z and bowl a effects the lifting of half the harness
cords. b is a lever arm fixed on the lay shaft c and connected at its outer end to
a rod d for operating the cutting blade K hereinbefore referred to.
The said cutting blade is caused to move to effect the separation of the two
fabrics only when the lay recedes from them the said movement being effected
through the lever b connecting rod d and bell crank lever d¹ (see Figure 3) by the
arm or lever b which is connected by a pin or bolt so as to be capable of adjustment
in a slot e in the rod d whilst the return motion is effected by a spiral spring f
connected at one end to the bell crank d¹ and at its opposite end to the loom frame.
The cutter may be caused to act at each receding motion of the lay or at any other
desired periods.
In Figure 4, g represents the shuttle race for the top shuttle, it is composed of
a number of thin strips of steel, bent to the required form- shewn, and arranged
side by side, at intervals of three or four inches, and connected to an angle iron hi
$

page_text: -
secured to the frame of the loom. These strips pass through the gears or healds i,
harness k, and the reed l, and enter between the cloth plates m, where they remain
loose, but are held in position by being bound above and below with the yarn
threads. By constructing the shuttle race in the manner described the distance
wires and the projections on the reed for regulating the depth of the pile may be
dispensed with.
The gears or healds i, are provided with two eyes, one for the top chain n, and
one for the bottom chain o.
The yarns for forming the pattern or design are wound upon bobbins mounted
in frames as is usual in looms for weaving Brussels carpets or velvet pile, a separate
frame being provided for each colour and each bobbin is governed by a weight of
its own which always maintains the yarn taut so that when the yarn is raised or
lowered by the jacquard to form the pattern it is afterwards brought, back or the
slack taken up by the weight when the jacquard makes its return motion. p, is a
brake having for its object to hold the said yarn threads (when being raised from
the bottom fabric and lowered from the top fabric to form the pattern,) until such
threads are bound above and below by the weft threads, and so prevent the weight
on the bobbins from drawing the two fabrics together; and it consists of two
Kupright levers q, mounted on studs 8, and carrying four bars r, over which the
various coloured yarn threads for producing the pattern pass.-Above each pair of
the bara r, is arranged a bar t, carried by a rod or rods and fitted' to slide in
slots u, in the levers q, the said bars t, being raised and lowered therein by means
of the tappet v, lever w, and rod. or rods, the tappet v, being driven by a pinion y,
fixed on the bottom shaft and gearing with the wheel z. The barst and one of
the bare of each of the pair of bars r, are covered with cloth to prevent the threads
from slipping. The brake is connected to the loom frame by screws 'or otherwise
so as to be capable of adjustment nearer to or further from the healds i, the nearer
it is adjusted to the said healds the greater will be the angle to which the yarns
are drawn by the jacquard and greater the length of yarn drawn from the bobbins
and as the yarns are held by the brake so as to prevent them from being acted
upon by the weights until they are bound by the weft and the jacquard is making
its opposite motion a deeper pile is produced on the fabric.
:
i
When using shuttle boxes for four shuttles, vizt, two for the top fabric and two
for the bottom fabric, as illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, the arms, carrying the
shuttle boxes (N, N1, N2 N³) are mounted so as to oscillate on a stud or shaft y,
fixed to the loom side and are actuated by a tappet cam w, and lever v, as shewn
in Figure 7.
The picker sticks, u, u, for driving the shuttles, pass through the pickers in the
usual way and are centred at t, to the arm a¹ on which they oscillate when acted
upon by the driver -The driver 8, is hinged at r, to a bracket q, secured to the
shaft or stud, y, by a set screw, p, and is operated directly by the picker strap
attached to the ordinary picking shaft in the same manner as ordinary picker sticks
are acted upon when using only two shuttles. The driver has motion in one plane
only, having no motion round the shaft or stud y, and it acts first on one of the
picker sticks u, and then on the other, as they together with the shuttle boxes are
alternately moved into position by the tappet w, and lever v.
'
In 'the sectional view of the jacquard, illustrated by Figure 5 it will be seen that
the boards are all divided into two parts-The top board 1 contains the cords which
carry the yarn threads for the top fabric and the board 2 contains the cords which
carry the yarns for the bottom fabric. The middle boards 3 and 4 which are
termed the lifting boards, are provided with holes and slots the slots in the one
board 4, being arranged in the reversed direction to those in the board 3 as shewn
in Figure 6-The board 4 can be raised or lowered to such a position that when
the knots are laying on the board the yarn threads for the top cloth are lowered in
line with the shuttle race g Figure 4-The top board 1 is raised and lowered by
means of the lappet Y and lever Z-(Figure 1) The cords in this board have only

page_text: one set of knots immediately over the board 4 and pass through the comber
board 5 Figure 4 without knots—It will thus be seen that when the needles push
the cords required to form the pattern for the top fabric they pass through the holes
in the board 4 and go to the surface of the lay to be bound-The needles operating
on the cords passing through the lifting board 3 and pushing the knots into the
slots thereof are raised in the usual way by the lever and rods 7 and 8 and lift
the yarn threads from the bottom fabric to be bound in the top fabric the said
cords having also knots immediately above the comber board 5 (Figure 4) are
raised and lowered in the usual way for back and face shots..
Figures 13 and 14 are diagrams shewing the two fabrics woven together ready
to be separated by the cutters.
I do not confine myself to the means described for severing the fabrics, as other
means may be employed for example I may divide the fabrics by means of a single
cutting blade passing from right to left and left to right on a slide. Or by means
of a circular knife driven with a cord or I may use an endless steel tape knife,
after the manner of a band saw. And with respect to the shuttle race I may
substitute therefor, carriers arranged in front of the reed to enter the threads for
the shuttle to pass over and then to immediately withdraw, for the lay to close the
shot in the fabric.
In place of the jacquard hereinbefore described I may use an ordinary jacquard
to raise only the threads into the top fabric or backing required to form the
pattern the said backing being composed of any cheap material and the bottom
fabric being similar to an ordinary piece of figured velvet containing all the yarn
threads.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
First. The manufacture of figured velvet or cut pile fabrics so that a double
fabric or backing with the ornamental body threads between and joining the two
fabrics substantially as and by the means herein before described so that on severing
or dividing the said body threads two complete fabrics are produced which have
both been woven by the same operation.
Second. In looms or apparatus for weaving figured velvet or cut pile fabrics the
arrangement of the jacquered in combination with the healds tappets and shuttle
boxes or equivalents thereof so that the body threads are shed both from below.
and from above or from one of the fabrics or backings to the other, one half of the
body threads being normally in one fabric and one half in the other substantially
as hereinbefore described.
Third. In looms or apparatus for weaving double fabrics of the kind described
(whether plain or ornamental) projections on the reed, which projections come
between the two fabrics or backings in beating up and give the required depth of
pile substantially as hereinbefore described.
Fourth. The combination with looms or apparatus for producing double fabrics
of the kind described (whether plain or ornamental) the arrangement of knife and
means for operating it to cut the body threads and split the double fabric into two
single fabrics substantially as herein before described.
Fifth. In looms or apparatus for producing double fabrics of the kind described
a divided lifting board with each part independently operated and with the holes
and slits in one part in the reverse position to those in the other part so that the
required shed from both above and below is obtained substantially as described.
Sixth. In looms or apparatus for producing double fabrics of the kind described
the adjustable brake q and parts connected therewith arranged to operate substan-
tially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference t
Figure 4 of my drawings.

page_text: Seventh. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts consti-
tuting improvements in looms or apparatus for weaving velvet or cut pile fabrics as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by my drawings.
Eighth. In looms for weaving velvet or cut pile fabrics of the kind described
the combination with one picking shaft and double arrangement of picker sticks
and shuttle carriers of the driver S and means for causing the said picker sticks
and shuttle carriers to be brought into position as required for either of them to be
operated on by the same picking motion substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 14th dant Ontaha 1000