Improved Combination or Employment of Ingredients for the Manufacture of Fire Lighters.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 5th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
Improved Combination or Employment of Ingredients for the
Manufacture of Fire Lighters.
I, THOMAS WILLIAMS, of 110 Cannon Street, City of London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, the manufacture of fire lighters, whereby a
clear flame is obtained and without the substance giving off sparks or offensive
vapour.
For the purpose of my invention, I employ sawdust (preferably from pine wood)
and wood tar, such as that obtained from the distillation of hard woods, to which
may be added, oil, sugar, lime, or other like material in the required proportions.
The compound is compressed into blocks, shaped and perforated for free passage of
air to support combustion.
The proportions, by weight I prefer are as follows ·
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Thomas Williams.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Combination or Employment of Ingredients for the
Manufacture of Fire Lighters.
I THOMAS WILLIAMS of 110 Cannon Street, City of London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object the utilization of certain materials prepared in a
special manner and combined in certain proportions for the manufacture of fire
lighters, this compound evolving intense heat with a clear flame and an absence of
sparks, also the usual dense smoke and offensive vapours thrown off by ordinary
compound fire lighters.
In carrying my invention into practice I dry sawdust and then add powdered
lime, mixing it thoroughly. In a separate vessel 1 mix oil (vitriolic) with wood
tar, the whole mixture is then thoroughly incorporated.
The compound is now placed in a mould, shaped and perforated and is then
subjected to sufficient mechanical pressure to bind the materials together.
The perforations allow of free passage of air to assist combustion.
The constituents may vary in the proportions in which they are mixed to suit
the particular description required but for general purposes the cheapest and
simplest I merely use are

page_text: Where an inodorous fire lighter is preferred the following proportions of
materials may be used.
Sawdust
51 nort
Where a fire lighter quite smokeless is required I vary the proportions as
follows:
Sawdust
Wood tar
Lime
Sugar
-
-
-
70 parts
24 parts
-
-
3 parts to which I add
3 parts.
The lime causes a chemical change in the wood tar, it assists to bind and harden
the cube or block, it also improves the effective heating power during com-
'bustion.
The oil and sugar in combination with the other ingredients facilitates the more
perfect development of the gases evolved during combustion.
To prevent any breakages in transport the cubes may have a slight coating of a
mixture of resin and wax or parafine scale in suitable proportions say 25 wax
and 75 resin. These proportions may be varied to meet the requirements of
export.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of the ingredients before mentioned for the purpose
named.
2. The method of preparing and combining the ingredients before given and in
or about the proportions named for the purpose set forth.
3. In combination with ingredients suitable for fire lighters the employment of
wood tar substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 5th day of November 1891
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said T. Williams.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said T. Williams.