Improvements in or connected with Furnaces for Heating Steam Generators, or for other Heating Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th May,..1894
Complete Specification Left, 28th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 24th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Furnaces for Heating Steam
Generators, or for other Heating Purposes.
I WILLIAM KNEEN of 7 Norfolk Street Manchester Mechanical Engineer do'
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:―,
The object of my invention is to provide means in connection with furnaces for
beating steam generators or for other heating purposes whereby liquid hydrocarbons
such for instance as creosote oil or petroleum is very efficiently consumed and
utilized.
According to my invention I provide means to insure the intimate mixture with
the liquid hydrocarbon or the hot gases or vapours therefrom and from the fire of
a quantity of heated air sufficient to supply the necessary oxygen to effect the
complete combustion of the vapours and gases arising from the fire and from the
liquid hydrocarbon. The air is passed through suitable pipes or passages heated
by the fire the said air being forced in by a blower or other air forcing device and
the said pipes or passages terminating at or near the bridge in outlets made of a
suitable refractory material and having therein a number of orifices by which the
air issues in fine streams or in a divided condition, the terminations extending up
into the part at the rear of the bridge where the gases are in the most advantageous
condition for complete combustion. The liquid hydrocarbon is supplied to the
furnace preferably through openings or jets in such a way that it also is delivered
in a condition of spray or fiue division. It may be supplied to the furnace above
the fire on the grate therein say at each side of the furnace or near the outer end
thereof or it may be supplied near to the outlets for hot air or it may be supplied
in any or all such positions and if desired the passages by which the air and the
liquid hydrocarbon are supplied may be encased one within the other. Air may
also be supplied with the liquid hydrocarbon where it is admitted above the fire in
the furnace. The inlet pipes may be fixed horizontally vertically or inclined or in
any combination of these and there may be zig-zag or other surfaces arranged near
to the air and liquid hydrocarbon outlets which surfaces become highly heated
and the air and gases or vapours impinge thereupon so that their combustion is
insured.
Dated this 28th day of May 1894.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Furnaces for Heating Steam.
Generators, or for other Heating Purposes.
I, WILLIAM KNEEN of 7 Norfolk Street, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide means in connection with furnaces for
heating steam generators or for other heating purposes whereby liquid hydrocarbons
such for instance as creosote oil or petroleum is very efficiently consumed and
utilized.

page_text: According to my invention I provide means to insure the intimate mixture with
the liquid hydrocarbon or the hot gases or vapours therefrom and from the fire of a
quantity of heated air sufficient to supply the necessary oxygen to effect the com-
plete combustion of the vapours and gases arising from the fire and from the liquid
hydrocarbon. The air is passed through suitable pipes or passages heated by the
fire the said air being forced in by a blower or other air forcing device and the said
pipes or passages terminating at or near the bridge in outlets made of a suitable
refractory material and having therein a number of orifices by which the air
issues in fine streams or in a divided condition the terminations extending up
into the part at the rear of the bridge where the gases are in the most advan-
tageous condition for complete combustion. The liquid hydrocarbon is supplied
to the furnace preferably through openings or jets in such a way that it also
is delivered in a condition of spray or fine division. It may be supplied to the
furnace above the fire on the grate therein say at each side of the furnace or
near the outer end thereof or it may be supplied near to the outlets for hot air
or it may be supplied in any or all such positions and if desired the passages by
which the air and the liquid hydrocarbon are supplied may be encased one
within the other. Air may also be supplied with the liquid hydrocarbon where
it is admitted above the fire in the furnace. The inlet pipes may be fixed hori-
zontally vertically or inclined or in any combination of these and there may be
zig-zag or other surfaces arranged near to the air and liquid hydrocarbon outlets
which surfaces become highly heated and the air and gases or vapours impinge
thereupon so that their combustion is insured.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
to more particularly describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the
several figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a boiler furnace provided with an arrangement
of pipes or passages for introducing thereinto liquid fuel and air according to my
invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section and Fig. 3 a transverse section of the
same.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 represent in longitudinal vertical section, horizontal section and
front view respectively a similar furnace shewing a modified arrangement of the
liquid fuel feeding device.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are views similar to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 shewing another arrange-
ment for distributing the liquid fuel in the furnace and
Figs. 10 and 11 are respectively a longitudinal section and a transverse section
of the front end of a similar furnace shewing a further modification of the fuel
distributing device.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, A is a boiler furnace, B the fire bars, C the fire
bridge and D the ash pit.
In the ash pit D is arranged an air pipe E which passes through the back wall
of the said pit and communicates with a chamber F extending upwards behind the
fire bridge to within a short distance of the crown of the furnace a brick arch G
being secured to the boiler plates directly above the chamber F and forming a
continuation of the furnace crown. From the chamber F are lateral pipes or
passages F2 communicating with chambers F3 arranged on opposite sides of the
chamber F. The chambers F. and F3 are perforated as shewn at through which
perforations air admitted or forced into the pipe E passes into the passage E³
leading from the furnace to the flue or chimney.
Liquid hydrocarbon is conducted by a pipe H and branch pipes H² into
perforated pipes H³ arranged above the fire bars on opposite sides of the furnace.
The hydrocarbon passes through the perforations in these pipes in a finely divided
condition and being ignited the vapours therefrom, in passing over the fire
bridge Care met by and mingle with the air issuing from the chambers F F
through the perforations whereby intense heat is produced and the complete
combustion of the vapours effected. Instead of the perforated pipes H³ described

page_text: the liquid hydrocarbon may be admitted to the front end of the furnace through a
number of nozzles or roses H³ connected to the branch supply pipes H' as shewn
in Figures 4, 5 and 6 or as shewn in Figures 7, 8 and 9 the branch pipes H' may
be arranged inside the furnace and conduct the liquid hydrocarbon onto series of
diaphragms or deflecting plates of different sizes so as to distribute the said
hydrocarbon in a divided condition within the furnace. Or as shewn in
Figures 10 and 11 the liquid hydrocarbon is conducted on to a corrugated
metallic arch arranged in the front end of the interior of the furnace im:ne-
diately above the entrance to the furnace the said hydrocarbon in passing over the
surface of the corrugations being rapidly vapourized the complete combustion of
the vapours being effected by mingling with the heated air issuing from the
chambers F F³ as before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my sail
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1st. In a furnace for burning liquid fuel the combination with means for
supplying liquid hydrocarbon to the furnace above the fire bars of an air chamber
or air chambers behind the fire bridge and provided with means for admitting air
to the said chamber or chambers perforations in the said chamber or chambers
through which the air passes and mingles with the vapours of hydrocarbon passing
from the furnace towards the flue or chimney whereby the combustion of the said
vapours is effected substantially as hereinbefore described.
2nd. In a furnace for burning liquid fuel the combination with a perforated air
chamber or perforated air chambers at the back end of the furnace of means for
distributing liquid hydrocarbon in the form of spray or in a divided condition
above the furnace bars whereby the said hydrocarbon is readily vapourized and
the vapour caused to mingle with the air issuing from the perforated air chamber
or air chambers substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
3rd. The combination with an air chamber or air chambers at the back end of
a furnace of the arrangement of perforated pipes for supplying liquid hydrocarbon
to the furnace above the fire bars substantially as herein before described with
reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
4th. The combination with an air chamber or air chambers at the back end of a
furnace of the arrangement of nozzles or roses at the front end of the furnace for
the introduction of liquid hydrocarbon in the form of spray or in a divided
condition above the furnace bars substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
5th. The combination with an air chamber or air chambers at the back end of
a furnace of series of diaphragms or deflecting plates arranged at the front end
of the furnace and means for conducting liquid hydrocarbon onto the said
diaphragms or deflecting plates for the purpose of distributing and vapourizing
the said hydrocarbon substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
6th. The combination with an air chamber or air chambers at the back end of
a furnace of a corrugated surface arranged near the front end of the furnace and
means for conducting liquid hydrocarbon onto the said corrugated surface whereby
the said hydrocarbon is vapourized the vapours passing towards the flue or chimney
being caused to mingle with heated air issuing from the air chamber or air
chambers substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 10 and 11
of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of March 1895.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
Agents.