IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES TO BE EMPLOYED IN BREWING."
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel John Browning, of Portsmouth, in the County
of Hants, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES
TO BE EMPLOYED IN BREWING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel John Browning at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th November 1862.
I, SAMUEL JOHN BROWNING, of Portsmouth, in the County of Hants,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
.MENTS IN MACHINES TO BE EMPLOYED IN BREWING," to be as follows:-
'
My Invention relates, firstly, to a machine for mashing and extracting
and, secondly, to a combined refrigerating and cooling machine.
"I
My machine for mashing and extracting, consists of a containing tun or
vessel in which I fit an agitator furnished with inclined horizontal and central
vertical blades set spirally, which when rotated have a centripetal effect, that
is they drive the "goods" towards the centre. In order to obtain the greatest
amount of extract from the "goods " I carry a pipe along the top, down the
sides; and along the bottom of the agitator frame, and cause this pipe to com-
municate with inlet and outlet tubes. The pipe travels with the agitator,
and thus maintains or assists in maintaining an even temperature throughout

page_text: the tun. I propose to pass water through the pipe before mentioned at a
temperature above that at which the whole mass should be maintained.
My combined refrigerator and cooler consists of a trough, along which
from end to end pipes for carrying the wort are carried. These pipes open
into boxes at each end fitted with partition plates to cause the wort to flow up
one tube and down the next, and so on through the series. I close the boxes
at each end of the trough by means of plates with vulcanized india-rubber
packing, and 'secure the plates by screw clamps. By removing the plates ready
access is obtained for cleansing the pipes. The refrigerating liquid enters the
trough, and by means of partitions is caused to traverse the trough in an oppo-
site direction to that in which the wort is made to travel. The cooler forms
the top of the trough, and consists of two or more trays, by preference three.
The liquor to be cooled is received into the first tray, and passing through a
perforated false bottom enters a pipe or pipes passing along the upper part
of the refrigerator trough and under the trays, the liquid then rises into
the second and third trays through tubes carried up from the said pipe or
pipes, and is retained in the coolers as long as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel John Browning in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
JOHN BROWNING, of Portsmouth, in the County of Hants, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did; for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Samuel John Browning, Her special licence, that I, the said Samuel
John Browning, executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Samuel John Browning, executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with; and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES TO BE EMPLOYED IN BREWING," upon the condition

page_text: (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel John Browning, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and.
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel John Browning, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
My Invention relates, firstly, to a machine for mashing and extracting;
and, secondly, to a combined refrigerating and cooling machine.
My machine for mashing and extracting consists of a containing tun or vessel,
in which I fit an agitator furnished with inclined vertical and central horizontal
blades set spirally, which when rotated have a centripetal effect, that is, they
drive the goods" towards the centre. In order to obtain the greatest amount
of extract from the "goods" I carry a pipe along the top, down the sides; and
along the bottom of the agitator frame, and cause this pipe to communicate
with inlet and outlet tubes. The pipe travels with the agitator, and thus
maintains or assists in maintaining an even temperature throughout the tun.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is an elevation with the containing
tun or vessel in section of a machine for mashing and extracting, constructed
according to this part of: my Invention. A is an agitator, a plan of which is
represented in Figure 2, it is furnished with inclined vertical blades a and
central horizontal blades b set spirally, which when rotated drive the "goods"
towards the centre; b' are other horizontal blades attached to the outermost ver-
tical blades. I carry a pipe c along the top, down the sides, and along the bottom
of the agitator frame, and cause this pipe to communicate with an inlet tube d
and an outlet tube e, as hereafter described. The pipe c moves round with
the agitator A, and I pass hot or cold water through it as. required according
as the temperature of the contents of the tun is too low or too high. Rotary
motion is communicated to the agitator A from a driving shaft B, connected
through bevilled gearing C to the agitator shaft D, or the motion may be
communicated in any other suitable manner.
The hot or cold water for regu-
lating the temperature of the contents of the tun enters by the tube d, which
is furnished with a tap, into an annular space surrounding a perforated tube. g.

page_text: as seen in section in Figure 3, in which the agitator shaft is shown partly
removed; it then passes through the perforations in the tube g to the lower
end thereof, and through other 'perforations into a second annular space h, and
thence into and through the pipe c, taking the course indicated by the arrows;
on issuing from the pipe cit passes through an annular space i into and
through the outlet tube e. The upper outer tube to which the tubes d and e
are attached is stationary, while the lower outer tube to which the pipe c is
connected moves round with the agitator A, the connection between the upper
and lower outer tubes is made water-tight by a conical joint j.
My combined refrigerator and cooler consists of a trough, along which from
end to end pipes for carrying the wort are carried. These pipes open into
boxes at each end, fitted with partition plates to cause the wort to flow up one
tube and down the next, and so on through the series. I close the boxes at each
end of the trough by means of plates with vulcanized india-rubber packing,
and secure the plates by screw clamps. By removing the plates ready access
is obtained for cleansing the pipes. The refrigerating liquid enters the trough,
and by means of partitions is caused to traverse the trough in an opposite
direction to that in which the wort is made to travel. The cooler forms the
top of the trough, and consists of two or more trays, by preference three. The
liquor to be cooled is received into the first tray, and passing through a per-
forated false bottom enters a pipe or pipes, passing along the upper part of
the refrigerator trough and under the trays, the liquid then rises into the
second and third trays through tubes carried up from the said pipe or pipes,
and is retained in the coolers as long as required.
Figure 4 is a side elevation; Figure 5 a plan; and Figure 6 a sectional plan
of a combined refrigerator and cooler constructed according to this Invention;
Figure 7 is an end view, with the plates and india-rubber packing which close
the boxes at the ends of the trough removed; and Figure 7 is a cross section.
The refrigerator consists of a trough A, along which from end to end pipes B
for carrying the wort are carried; the pipes B open into boxes C, at each end
fitted with partitions D. I close the boxes C by means of plates E with india-
rubber packing F, and secure the plates by screw clamps G. The refrige-
rating liquid enters the trough A by the pipe H, and by means of partitions I
is caused to traverse the trough in an opposite direction to that in which the
wort travels. The cooler forms the top of the trough; the cooler shown in
the Drawing consists of three trays J, K, L, but two only, or more than three
trays may be employed. Wort from the hop back or other source is deli-
vered with the first tray J, and passing through a perforated false bottom enters

page_text: pipes. M, M, it then rises into the second and third trays K, L, through
tubes M carried up from the pipes M, and is retained in the cooler as long
as required. When the wort is sufficiently cool I turn a tap N, which allows
it to pass through a bend O.into the first box C, from which it flows from end
to end of the trough.through the pipes B, becoming gradually refrigerated by
the refrigerating liquid in the trough. A, and finally passes out. by the outlet
pipe P. The refrigerating liquid flows out at an opening in the side, and
near the top of the trough.
;
Figure 8 is a side elevation; Figure 9 a longitudinal section; and Figure 10
an end view of a combined refrigerator and cooler of a somewhat modified
construction to that last described. It consists of three main parts placed one
above another (or they may be placed side by side), videlicit, a cooler at top
shown in plan, Figure 11; a second cooler in the middle, shown in plan in
Figure 12; and a refrigerator at bottom, shown in plan in Figure 13. The
wort is received in a strainer A with a perforated false bottom, and passes
through pipes B, and bends C down into pipes D in the lower cooler Figure 12.
From the pipes D it rises through bends E into the upper cooler, and flows
down again through the pipe F and bend G into the pipe H, which leads it
into the refrigerator, it traverses the pipes I and boxes J in the refrigerator,
as in the refrigerator first described, and finally makes its exit through the
outlet pipe K. Each of the pipes I is placed at a little lower level than the
preceding pipe as seen in dotted lines in Figure 10, in order to facilitate
the flow of the wort. Figure 14 is a detached view showing the boxes J,
through which the wort flows in its passage from one pipe to another.
refrigerating liquid enters by the pipe L, and passes backwards and forwards
from end to end of the refrigerator, its course being determined by partition
plates M as before; it rises through a hole N into the lower cooler, Figure 12,
and flows off by an opening O; P is a tap for emptying the pipes D, D,
when required, I apply a pump to the outlet pipe K to facilitate the with-
drawal of the wort, and raise it to any required height. The coolers and the
refrigerator may be employed in combination, or separately.
The
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the machine for mashing and extracting, constructed, arranged, and
operating, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1,
2, and 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second, constructing refrigerating and cooling machines, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 7 of the
accompanying Drawings, and that whether used separately or combined.

page_text: Third, constructing refrigerating and cooling machines, substantially as.
herein-before described with reference to Figures 8 to 14 of the accompanying
Drawings, and that whether used separately or combined.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel John Browning have hereunto:
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of May, in the year. 5
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
SAMUEL J. BROWNING. (L.S.)