Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Glass Ware.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1897-Accepted, 31st July, 1897.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Glass Ware.
I, CHARLES EDWIN BLUE, Junior, of 33-18th Street, Wheeling, in the County of
Ohio, and State of West Virginia, United States of America, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:- :
My invention relates to improvements in machines for the manufacture of glass
ware, and pertains to mechanisins comprising a plurality of molds, in which the
several operations necessary to construct a bottle, jar, or other vessel, is respectively
performed, whereby a finished article is produced at each movement of the
mechanisms.
The object of my present invention is to provide a machine having the mode of
operation and advantage hereinafter pointed out, producing a machine simple in
construction reliable in operation and capable of rapid manipulation.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a machine embodying my invention, taken on the
dotted line 1-1 of Figure 4.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of a machine embodying my invention taken on
dotted lines 2-2 of Figure 4.
Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 4 and showing a
modification of my invention.
Figure 4 is a top plan view of my invention.
Figure 5 is an enlarged detail view of the blowing head.
Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional detail view showing the valve for admitting air
to the cylinder 29.
Figure 7 is an enlarged top, plan view of jaws used in connection with the
mechanism for withdrawing the primary mold from its operative position.
Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Figure 3.
Figure 9 is an enlarged sectional detail view of the cylinder valve.
Referring now to the drawings in which 1 indicates a base which is preferably
supported upon wheels as here shown, and this base carries a hollow housing 2.
Supported upon and surrounding the housing 2 intermediate its ends upon a ring 82
is a table 3. This table is capable of rotation around the housing 2 and carries a
plurality of molds including preferably a charging, a blowing, a fixing, a removing
or discharging, and a refixing or arranging mold numbered respectively 4, 5, 6, 7,
and 8 in Figure 4.
Each of the molds is provided with a primary bottom 71 and a secondary bottom 8'.
The function of the primary bottom is to have the glass-ware charged therein and
then pressed and then removed from its operative position and the secondary
bottom 8 supplementing it for the purpose of forming a blowing bottom as
indicated clearly in Figure 2 of the drawing, all of which is well understood by
those versed in the art.
The table carries depending housings or receptacles 20 in which the primary
bottoms 7 extend when they are out of operative position, the lower ends of the
casings or housings 20 being provided with lips 47 adapted to arrest and support the
primary bottoms in their lower position as clearly illustrated in the drawing.
Passing through the lower ends of the housings is an operating shaft. 24 carrying:

page_text: a crank 23, to which the lower ends of a pitman 22 is connected in any suitable
manner. The upper end of the pitman 22 is suitably connected to a vertically
novable head 10 supported and movable vertically within an extension 9 of the
housing 2, the said extension forming a slideway and a support for the head 10. The
extension or slide-way 9 is provided at its lower end with a laterally extending
arin and at its upper end with a corresponding laterally extending arm 12 which
form guides and supports for the presser head rod 13. A laterally projecting arm 14
is provided upon the head 10, through which the presser head rod 13 passes. Above
this arm 14 is an adjusting nut 16, and beneath it an adjusting nut 17, through the
medium of which the rod 13 can be adjusted vertically through the arm 14 of the
head 10 as may be desired. An operating lever 26 is connected with a wheel on
the arms at one end of the shaft 24, and the opposite end of the shaft is provided
with a counter-weighted lever 25 as illustrated clearly in Figure 2. When the
operating lever 26 is actuated, the shaft 24 moves through a portion of a revolution,
and through the medium of the crank 23 and pitman 22 moves the head 10 up or
down according to the direction in which the operating lever is moved. The lower
end of the rod 13 carries the presser head 18 and also the usual spring mechanism
just above the pressure head and which is so well understood by those skilled in the
art that reference and description thereof in this application is considered
unnecessary.
Situated upon the base 1 at a point under the fixing mold 8 is a cylinder 29
carrying a piston rod 28 with a piston head thereon, the upper end of the said rod 28
being adapted to engage the lower end of the primary bottom when the table or
carrier is at rest. A pipe 27 communicates with the lower end of this cylinder 29,
and also with a block 33 having a longitudinal opening as clearly shown in Figure 6,
the other end of the block communicating with any source supplying air through the
medium of a pipe 36. Passing vertically through the block 33, is a vertically
movable valve 31 which is normally held up by means of a spring 32 surrounding
the upper projecting end thereof. This valve is situated immediately below the
operating shaft 24, and the shaft 24 carries a cam 30 adapted to engage the upper
end of the valve. This valve has a passage 34 adapted to align with the opening in
the block 33, so that when the valve is depressed as illustrated in Figure 6 air is
permitted free access to the lower end of the cylinder 29 which forces the rod 28 up
carrying with it the primary bottom 7'. When the pitman is moved downward by
the oscillation of the shaft 24 to lower the presser head and perform the presser
operation, the valve 31 is depressed and air admitted into the cylinder 29 as just
stated. When however the shaft 24 is oscillated through the medium of the
handle 26 to elevate the presser head after the pressing operation, the cam 30 is rotated
out of engagement with the valve 31 which permits it to move upward bringing the
opening 35 in alignment with the opening in the block 33. This upward position
of the valve permits a lateral escape of the air through the block 33 as the piston
rod 28 and its head moves downward in the cylinder, under their own weight.
Situated on the base 1 at a point below the pressing mold 5 is a cylinder 37
carrying a piston rod 38 having a piston head movable within the cylinder 37, the
upper end of the rod having a head 45 provided with catches 46, the said head having
a lateral opening 91 for a purpose to be presently described. A pipe 39 has its
opposite end communicating respectively with the upper and lower ends of the
cylinder 37 as shown in Figure 1, and air is fed to this pipe through the medium of
a pipe 40 communicating with any source of air supply. A rod 42 has its upper end
adapted to engage openings 44 in the under side of the table 3, and this rod is
adapted to move downward being held normally upward through the medium of a
spring 92. This rod 42 has at its lower end a foot piece 85 by means of which it
may be depressed. The rod passes through the air communication to the cylinder
and is provided with openings so that when the rod is in its upward position air is
admitted to the lower end of the cylinder and permitted to escape at its upper end
and when the rod is depressed air is admitted to the upper end of the cylinder and
allowed to escape at the lower end.

page_text: Situated adjacent each of the primary bottoms 7 is a holder 21 here shown in the
form of a latch. When the bottom is forced upward through the medium of the rod 28
in the cylinder 29, the holder automatically drops inward by gravity under the primary
bottom and holds it. in the upward position ready to be charged when it reaches
the position 4 in Figure 4, and it is sustained in this upward position until it reaches
the pressing position 5 in Figure 4. When it has reached this position, and after the
pressing head has been depressed and the pressing operation performed, the operator
places his foot upon the foot piece 85 of the rod 42, which first separates the jaws 72
through the medium of a wedge or cam 43 carried etc. These jaws 72 are provided
with an opening 73 through which the rod 38 passes, the rod having a shoulder to
rest upon the upper side of the jaws so that when the rod has been forced upward it
is held in this upward position for sustaining the primary bottom. The jaws having
been separated by the downward movement of the rod 42, and the upper end of the
said rod thrown out of engagement with the opening 44, the operator then, by
ineans of the handle 80 moves the table around, until the next mold is brought to
position for pressing, at which time the upper end of the rod 42 will automatically
drop into its opening 44, thus automatically admitting air to the lower end of the
cylinder 37 and automatically forcing upward the rod 38. The upper end of this
rod as before stated carries a head 45 provided with catches 46 and these catches
automatically grasp the headed projection 90 upon the lower end of the primary
bottom. The depression of the rod 42 causes the air to force the rod 38 downward,
which carries with it the primary bottom, and when in this downward position the
table may be revolved, the headed projection 90 passing out of the lateral opening 91
in the head 45. The upward movement of the head 45 engages the controller or
supporting latch 21 and throws it out of engagement with the lower end of the
primary bottom so that the primary bottom is no longer locked in its upward position
but is permitted to move downward with the rod 38.
An
The presser head rod 13 supports an essentially U-shaped arm 60 with its ends 61
encircling the rod, and this U-shaped arm or frame 60 is provided at its centre with
a laterally projecting arm 62 through which a hollow rod or pipe 58 freely passes.
The lower end of this rod 58 is provided with a ball joint 56 in the upper end of a
portion of the blower head 52. The ball joint 56 is held in position by a plate 57
as clearly illustrated in Figure 5 and the portion 52 carries a valve 53 projecting:
downward within the cavity formed therein. The blower head proper 50 has an
upward extension 51 novable vertically within the cavity or recess formed in
the portion 52, and the valve 53 has a stem which is made hollow at its upper
portion and communicates with the opening made in the ball joint 56.
opening 54 is made laterally through the valve stem which permits the air to pass
laterally therethrough and above the upper end of the extension 51 of the blower
portion of the blower head 50. When the head 10 is moved upward for carrying the
presser head out of the mold, the arm 62 of the U-shaped frame 60 engages an
adjustable stop 63 upon the pipe or hollow rod 58 moving the rod upward, and in
this upward movement the lower portion 50 of the blower head drops down and the
valve 53 is seated. This position cuts the air off and the air above the upper end
of the extension 51 serves to seat it firmly and to more perfectly cut off the escape
of any air. When the head 10 is lowered for the purpose of pressing the glass
in the mold, the lower portion 50 of the blower head resting upon the upper end of
the mold, it forces downward the portion 52 thus unseating the valve 53 and
permitting air to escape around its stem into the mold through the portion 50, thus
blowing or expanding the pressed glass previously placed therein as illustrated in
Figure 2. The hollow pipe or rod 58 is provided with a weight 64 so that when it
is permitted to drop it will be sure to unseat the valve 53 by forcing the portion 52
down upon the extension 51 of the blower head seat 50. Through the medium of
the adjustable stop 63, the blower head can be adjusted to seat itself at exactly the
proper time as will be readily understood.
It will be noted from the above description, that all manipulations of the primary

page_text: and secondary bottoms is performed completely and wholly while the table is at rest.
This is a great advantage in that it reduces the amount of power in operating the
machine. That is to say where any means is used to cause the movement of either
the secondary or the primary bottoms or of both of them, or of controlling them in
any manner through the medium of the movement of the table, it requires
considerable power to move the table, and makes it extremely laborious upon the
operator. This is avoided absolutely in my construction, the operator only being
called upon to move the pressure head up and down through the medium of the
lever 26, to depress the foot piece 85, and to turn the table. As the turning of
the table does not perform any function in the way of operating any part of the
machine it is readily turned with but little labour and is a great saving upon the
operator. By means of the mechanism herein described, the laborious part of
the operation is performed by air pressure, and not by the operator, since the
head 10 and the lever 26 as well as the pitman 22 are counterbalanced through
the medium of the weighted lever or arm 25 upon the shaft 24, thus enabling the
pressing operation to be easily accomplished at the expense of but little labour.
In Figure 3, I illustrate a modification of my machine by which the supporters or
controllers 21 are omitted, and likewise the cylinder 29 and its co-operating
mechanism. In this instance the primary bottom remains down until it reaches the
pressing position, when the rod 42 moving upward automatically by dropping in its
opening 44, admits air to the lower end of the cylinder, which carries the primary bottom
upward in position to be charged, and after the charging operation the pressing is
carried on as described in relation to Figure 1. In this instance the upper end of
the head 45 will have a curved groove like unto the groove 91 in figure 8, except the
groove will extend entirely through the head, so that as the table is rotated the
headed projection 90 upon the lower end of the primary bottom will move into
the said slot, and be engaged by the catches carried by the head. When the pressing
has been performed a downward movement of the rod 42 through the medium of the
pedal or foot piece 85, admits air to the upper end of the cylinder as described in
relation to Figure 1 which causes the primary bottom to be carried downward, when
owing to the fact that the slot extends entirely across the head the table can be
rotated and the headed projection 90 moved from engagement with the head 45 of
the rod 38. This construction is not so desirable as that shown in Figure 1, in that
the charging is performed at the pressing point, thus delaying the pressing until the
charging has been completed. By the construction in Figure 1 the charging,
pressing, blowing, discharging, and refixing of the bottoms are all being performed
at the same time, thus enabling the machine to be more rapidly manipulated as will
be readily understood.
It will also be noted, that the movement of the presser head, or rather the
movement of the presser head rod, controls the blowing mechanism through the
medium of the U-shaped frame 60 and its arm 62. This accomplishes in a single
movement, both the pressing and the blowing of the glass.
Through the medium of the ball joint 56, the lower or seating portion of the
blowing head 50, is permitted to seat itself at all times perfectly in contact with the
face of the mold, which is necessary to accomplish an air-tight joint.
In the lower end of the cylinder 37 is provided a cavity or recess 95, and the lower
side or end of the piston head within the cylinder is provided with a projection 96.
The object of this is to form an air cushion for arresting the downward movement of
the piston head under the weight of the primary bottom, when air is admitted at the
upper end of the cylinder. This relieves the machine of the concussion and jar which
would otherwise occur.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of a single endless
carrier, a plurality of primary mold bottoms carried by said carrier, a plurality of
mold bodies carried by said carrier, one for each primary bottom, the said bottoms

page_text: and mold bodies being in fixed relative relations and moving together, secondary
bottoms for said mold bodies supported by said single carrier, and an actuating member
for said primary bottoms situated at a point below the pressing point or mold and
independent of said carrier, substantially as described.
2. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for the said molds,
an actuating member for elevating the primary bottom, a support holding the primary
botton when elevated, and an actuating member independent of the carrier adapted-
to engage the elevated primary bottom, substantially as described.
3. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for the said
molds, the said molds including a fixing, charging, pressing and blowing mold, an
actuating member situated at the fixing mold when the carrier is at rest and-
independent thereof, said actuating member adapted to carry the primary bottom to
its operative position, a holder supporting said bottom, and an actuating member
situated at the pressing mold adapted to lower the pressing bottom, substantially as
described.
4. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds,
an actuating member for carrying the primary bottom to operative position, said
actuating member situated in advance of the pressing mold or point, said member
being vertically movable and controlling. the downward movement of the primary
bottom, substantially as described.
5. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds,
an actuating member for moving the primary bottom to operative position, a pressing
mechanism, a communication between the actuating member and a motor, a controller
situated in the said communication, the pressing mechanismn constructed to regulate
the communication controller, substantially as described.
6. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds,
a cylinder situated at the fixing point for moving the primary bottom to operative
position and independent of the carrier, a piston head and rod within the cylinder,
the rod adapted to engage the primary bottom for moving it to operative position,
a cominunication with the cylinder and an air supply with the communication, a
valve situated in the said communication and controlling the same, and an operative
connection between the valve and the pressing mechanism, substantially as
described.
7. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds,
a reciprocating member adapted to move the primary bottoms to operative positions,
a pressing mechanism, an oscillating or reciprocating member connected with and
operating the pressing mechanism, an air supply, a communication between the
reciprocating member and the air supply a valve situated in the air communication,
said oscillating or reciprocating member having a cam adapted to engage the valve
and control the communication, substantially as described.
8. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds, primary and secondary bottoms therefor, a cylinder, a piston
head and rod adapted to operate the primary bottoms, a motor, a communication,
between the motor and the opposite end of the cylinder, a movable controller for said
communication to the cylinder, the controller engaging the carrier, the carrier
constructed to automatically regulate the controller substantially as described.
9. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds, a
cylinder independent of the carrier, a piston head and rod within said cylinder and
adapted to operate the primary bottoms, a communication with the cylinder, a valve

page_text: controlling the communication, a connection between the valve and the carrier, the
carrier being constructed to control the valve, substantially as described.
10. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, a cylinder independent of the carrier, a piston
head and rod for said cylinder adapted to control the primary bottoms, a
communication with the cylinder for controlling the movement of the piston head, a
valve for said communication, the carrier having shoulders or depressions, the valve
having an extension adapted to be controlled by the shoulders or depressions and
thus control the communication to the cylinder, substantially as described.
11. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds, a cylinder independent of the carrier, a piston head and rod for
the cylinder adapted to operate the primary bottoms, a communication with the
cylinder, a valve controlling the communication, the valve having an extension engaging
the carrier, the carrier having shoulders or depressions for the end of the extension,
a spring for holding the extension normally in contact with the carrier, the valve
having an operating extension or foot piece for moving it in one direction, against
the tension of the spring, the parts adapted to operate as described.
12. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds,
a cylinder independent of said carrier, a piston rod and head for said cylinder, the rod
adapted to engage and be separated from the primary bottoms, communications at
each end of the said cylinder to admit pressure to operate the piston, a valve
controlling said communications, the valve having its upper end extended and
engaging the carrier, the carrier having shoulders or depressions controlling the
extension, a spring for holding the extension in contact with the carrier, and a foot
piece for moving the valve against the tension of the spring.
13. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds, a
pressing head, a reciprocating member actuating the pressing head, a blowing head,
having an opening communicating with the mold, a hollow rod or pipe communicating
with the blowing head, a connection between the blowing head and the said
reciprocating member, a lifting stop connected with the blowing head and adapted to
be engaged by the reciprocating member, substantially as described.
14. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds,
a pressing head, a blowing head, a reciprocating member connected with the pressing
head, a supporting hollow rod for the blowing head, the blowing head having an
opening in communication with said pipe, an arm extending from said reciprocating
member through which the said pipe loosely passes, and a stop on said pipe above and
adapted to be engaged by said arm, substantially as described.
15. A blow head for glass blowing machines, consisting of upper and lower members
having pressure communications, one member having a valve seat, and the other
member a valve having a hollow stem forming part of said pressure communication,
substantially as described.
16. A blow head for glass blowing machines, comprising a seating member, a lifting
member, one member having an opening, and the other member a projection movable
in said opening, the members having pressure communications, said projection having
an internal valve seat, the other member a valve stem projecting through said seat
and carrying a valve, said stem having a pressure outlet above the valve for the purpose
described.
17. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,
a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds, a
cylinder independent of said carrier, a piston head and rod for said cylinder adapted
to lower the primary bottoms, jaws supporting the piston rod when the rod is elevated,
and a member 43 to separate the jaws and release the rod, substantially as
described.
18. In a glass pressing and blowing machine, the combination of an endless carrier,

page_text: a plurality of molds carried thereby, primary and secondary bottoms for said molds,
a cylinder independent of said carrier, a piston head and rod for said cylinder
adapted to operate the primary bottoms, a pressure communication for said
cylinder, a supporting member for said piston rod when elevated, a valve
; controlling said cylinder communication, the movement of the valve controlling
and operating the supporting member for releasing the piston rod, substantially as
described.
19. Machinery for the manufacture of glass ware substantially as shown in and
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.