IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WASHING MACHINES AND CHURNS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT
PATENT to John Taylor, of No. 54, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WASHING MACHINES AND CHURNS."
Sealed the 23rd March 1866, and dated the 27th September 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
September 1865.
I, JOHN TAYLOR, of No. 54, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WASHING MACHINES AND CHURNS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists of certain arrangements in the construction of washing
machines and churns, whereby great simplicity and efficacy of operation are
combined. A tub or reservoir is provided to contain the water or other liquid
to be agitated, that object being effected by means of a cage, or of a frame
furnished with dashers, such cage or frame being connected by means of a
vertical axis or spindle with an archimedean screw, and actuated so as to have
a rotary as well as an upward and downward motion.
The general nature of this Invention will be more clearly understood by
refrence to the annexed Drawing, in which a mode of construction is
represented, which is equally available for washing machines and churns.
[Price 8d.]

page_text: A is the tub or reservoir; B, B, its lid or cover; C, C, is the cage; and
D, the central axis or spindle, E being the archimedean screw working within
the same, and attached to the cross head F; G is a mitre wheel mounted on
the axis or spindle, and gearing into H, which is a half-moon or segment
wheel mounted on the driving shaft I; K, K, is the framework supporting
the apparatus.
The combination of wheels shewn in the Drawing may be varied, and any
suitable mode of imparting motion to the archimedean screw, and thereby
giving the rotary and upward and downward motion to the spindle may be
adopted.
The cage represented in the Drawing, as applied to washing machines, is
well adapted for operating upon fine and delicate fabrics, which are placed in
its interior, but for large and strong articles, the arrangement well known
as a "peggy' or "dolly," may be attached to the axis or spindle in lieu of
the cage.
دو
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TAYLOR, of No. 54, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHERAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said John Taylor, Her special licence that I, the said John
Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Taylor, my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WASHING MACHINES AND CHURNS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Taylor, my
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of

page_text: the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Taylor, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon (that is to say):-
My said Invention relates to certain arrangements in the construction of
washing machines and churns, whereby great simplicity and efficacy of opera-
tion are combined.
The main principles of my said Invention are embodied in a machine which
may be thus described. A tub or reservoir is provided to contain the water
or other liquid to be agitated, that object being effected by means of a cage or
of a frame furnished with dashers or any analogous contrivance or contrivances,
such cage or frame being connected by means of a vertical axis or spindle
with an archimedean screw, and actuated so as to have a rotary as well as an
upward and downward motion.
The general nature of this Invention and the modifications of which it is
capable without departing from the main principles or features thereof will be
better understood by reference to the annexed Drawings.
Figures 1 and 2 represent the external elevation and plan of a washing
machine constructed with a round tub or reservoir. A small wringer is
shewn as being attached to the machine, but forms no part of the present
Invention.
a, a, is the, round tub; b, b, iron hoop to carry the wringer c; d, d, is the
dolly or peggy and stick; e, the lever; /, the cover over an archimedean
screw and spring, the former being actuated by the lever, and imparting the
desired motion to the dolly or peggy; h, the frame or table on which the
moving parts of the machine are fixed; and i, i, i, i, i, i, are projections in the
interior of the tub or reservoir to assist in imparting motion or agitation to
the water.
Figures 3 and 4 represent in elevation and plan a washing machine con-
structed with a square tub or reservoir. a, a, is the square tub or reservoir;
b, b, the framing; c, the wringer; d, the table; e, the guides; f, the lever;
9, a spring round the screw; h, the bracket; i, binding nut; i, the hinge.
The dotted lines in Figure 3 represent the apparatus lifted out of the tub or
reservoir, and the dotted lines in Figure 4 shew the movements of the table
on its hinge.
:

page_text: Figures 5, 6, and 7, are enlarged views of the working portion of the
machine shewn in Figures 3 and 4. In Figure 5, b, b, is the framing; d, d,
the table; e, e, the guides; f, the lever; g, the spring; h, the screw; m, the
nut; and o the cross head. In Figure 6, b, b, is the framing; d, d, is the
table; e, the guides; f, the lever; g, the spring round the screw h; k, is the
bracket; i, the binding screw, and i, the hinge; 1, being the cage, which is
constructed of wood on open basket work. Figure 7 shews an arrangement
in which the screw works in combination with two springs enclosed in tubes,
Figure 7 being a plan of the last-mentioned arrangement.
Figures 8 and 9 shew the hinge on which the table is fixed and upon
which it turns.
Figures 10 and 11 are an elevation and plan of a three-legged tub or
cage, of open laths, rods, or basket work, adapted for washing articles in
streams of water, and is especially adapted for colonial use.
Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15, shew an arrangement differing from the pre-
ceding. Figure 12 represents (partly in section) an iron or copper jacketed
double pan, into which steam is admitted between the two pans... This
apparatus may be used for washing, and also for many other purposes, such
as macerating in the preparation of chemicals, and in the preparation of inks
and colours. a is the outer pan, and b the inner pan, having a space between
them for steam, which is admitted by the pipe c; d, is the cage actuated by
the screw e, which works in the oval shaft ; g, is the bracket, and h a bevel
wheel gearing into the wheel h, which latter is mounted on the oval shaft f;
i, i, are two of the legs upon which the apparatus is supported. Figure 13
is a plan of the last-mentioned arrangement, Figure 14 being an enlarged
view of the working parts thereof. Figure 15 represents the two wheels, and
shews the oval form of the shaft through which the screw works.
Figures 16 and 17 are the elevation and plan of a churn, the same being
actuated in the same manner as the washing machine firstly herein-before
mentioned and described.
Figure 18 shews the application of the crank action, giving a threefold
motion to the screw and dashers, that is to say, ascending, rotating, and
joggling or pendulous motion.
Figure 19 is an eccentric motion, the pendulous action in this form of
construction being more limited.
Figures 20 and 21 represent the trunnions to give the oscilating action for
the full working of the screw.
Figure 22 is an external view of an apparatus which is applicable for some
discriptions of washing (and also to other purposes), a being a hopper, b, the

page_text: cage, with its internal dashers, the same being rotated by any suitable means;
and c, a moveable door, capable of closing the apparatus from a, a, to b, b.
Figure 23 is the last-mentioned apparatus shewn in section.
machines and
of constructing
I should here observe that I have abstained from going fully into the
details of construction involved in the before-mentioned
apparatus, inasmuch as in fact such details and the mode
the said machines and apparatus will be apparent from the said Drawings
and the foregoing observations to persons acquainted with mechanism and
mechanical contrivances.
Having thus fully declared and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which it is to be performed, I would observe in
conclusion that I do not claim the several parts of the mechanism herein-
before mentioned and described separately and apart from each other; but
what I consider novel and original, and therefore claim as constituting the
Invention secured to me by the said herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is, the construction and manufacture of washing machines and churns,
and the combination and arrangement of parts and mechanism employed
therein, as substantially herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whercof, I, the said John Taylor, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
JOHN TAYLOR. (L.S.)