A MACHINE OR MILL, SO CONTRACTED AND EFFECTUAL THAT IT MAY BE SET UP AND CONVENIENTLY WORKED IN ANY SMALL ROOM, AND USED AS WELL FOR THE GRINDING OF WHEAT, CORN, AND OTHER GRAIN, AS IN PREPARING OP UTENSILS AND MATERIALS USED IN DIVERSE MANU- FACTORIES AND BUSINESSES, AND WILL, AS HE APPREHENDS AND VERILY BELIEVES, BE OF GREAT UTILITY AND BENEFIT TOOUR SUBJECTS
Year: 1767

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, KICHARD
HAYNE, of Ashborne, in the County of Derby, Esq', send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
by His Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-
fourth day of December, in the eighth year of His reign, setting forth as
followeth :-
George the Third, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France,
and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, and so forth. To all to whom
these Presents shall come, greeting. Whereas Richard Hayne, of Ash-
born, in Our County of Derby, Esq', had, by his Petition, humbly requested
unto Us that he hath, with great labour and pains, and by unwearied dilligence
and application, and a considerable expence, invented "A MACHINE OR MILL, SO
CONTRACTED AND EFFECTUAL THAT IT MAY BE SET UP AND CONVENIENTLY WORKED IN
ANY SMALL ROOM, AND USED AS WELL FOR THE GRINDING OF WHEAT, CORN, AND
OTHER GRAIN, AS IN PREPARING OP UTENSILS AND MATERIALS USED IN DIVERSE MANU-
FACTORIES AND BUSINESSES, AND WILL, AS HE APPREHENDS AND VERILY BELIEVES, BE
OF GREAT UTILITY AND BENEFIT TO OUR SUBJECTS;" that in regard the same is an
Invention entirely new, and at present unknown in this Kingdom, he therefore
most humbly prays Us to grant to him Our most gratious Letters Patent for
the sole making and vending his said Invention, and the sole use and benefit
thereof within that part of Our Kingdom of Great Britain called England,
Our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all

page_text: Our Colonies and Plantations abroad, for the term of fourteen years, according
to the Statute in that case made and provided: We, being willing to give
encouragement to all arts and inventions which may be for the publick good,
are graciously pleased to condescend to the Petitioner's request: Know ye,
therefore, that We, of Our special grace, certain knowledge, and meer motion,
have given and granted, and by these Presents for Us, Our heirs and successors,
do give and grant, unto the said Richard Hayne, his executors, administrators,
and assigns, Our especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority,
that he, the said Richard Hayne, his executors, administrators, and assigns,
and every of them, by himself and themselves, or by his and their deputy or
deputies, servants or agents, or such others as he, the said Richard Hayne,
his executors, administrators, or assigns, shall at any time agree with and
no others, from time to time and at all times hereafter during the term of
years herein expressed, shall and lawfully may make, use, exercise, and vend
his said Invention within that said part of Our Kingdom of Great Britain
called England, Our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
and also in all Our Colonies and Plantations abroad, in such manner as to him,
the said Richard Hayne, his executors, administrators, and assigns, or any
of them, shall in their discretions seem meet; and that he, the said Richard
Hayne, his executors, administrators, and assigns, shall and lawfully may have
and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to
time coming, growing, accrewing, and ariseing, by reason of the said Invention,
for and during the term of years herein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise,
and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages herein-before
granted or mentioned to be granted unto the said Richard Hayne, his
executors, administrators, and assigns, for and during and unto the full end
and term of fourteen years from the date of these Presents next and immediately
ensuing, and fully to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such
case made and provided. And to the end that he, the said Richard Hayne, his
executors, adñurs, and assigns, and every of them, may have and enjoy the
full benefit and sole use and exercise of the said Invention, according to Our
gratious intention herein-before declared: We do by these Presents, for Us,
Our heirs and successors, require and strictly coñiand all and every person
and persons, bodies politick and corporate, and all other Our subjects whatso-
ever, of what estate, quality, degree, name, or condition soever they be, within
that said part of Our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, Our Dominion
of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all Our Colonies and
Plantations abroad, that neither they nor any of them, at any time during the
continuance of the said term of fourteen years hereby granted, either directly

page_text: or indirectly, do make, use, or put in practice the said Invention or any part
of the same so attained unto by the said Richard Hayne as aforesaid, nor in
anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor shall make, or cause
to be made, any addition thereunto or substraction from the same, whereby to
pretend himself or themselves the inventor or inventors, devisor or devisors
thereof, without the licence, consent, or agreement of the said Richard Hayne,
his executors, admirs, or assigns, in writing under his or their hands and
seals, first had and obtained in that behalf, upon such pains and penalties as
can or may be justly inflicted on such offenders for their contempt of this Our
Royal Command, and further, to be answerable to the said Richard Hayne, his
executors, admirs, and assigns, according to law, for his and their damage
thereby occasioned; and, moreover, we do, by these Presents, for Us, Our
heirs and successors, will and command all and singular the justices of the
peace, mayors, sheriffs, bailiffs, constables, beadborrows, and all other officers
and ministers whatsoever, of Us, Our heirs and successors for the time being,
that they or any of them, do not nor shall at any time hereafter, during the
said term hereby granted, in anywise molest, trouble, or hinder the said
Richard Hayne, his executors, admirs, or assigns, or any of them, or his or
their deputies, servants, or agents, in or about the due and lawful use or
exercise of the aforesaid Invention, or anything relating thereto: Provided
always, and these Our Letters Patent are and shall be upon this condition, that
if at any time during the said term hereby granted, it shall be made appear to
Us, Our heirs or successors, or any six or more of Our or Their Privy Council,
that this Our grant is contrary to law, or prejudicial or inconvenient to Our
subjects in general, or that the said Invention is not a new Invention as to the
publick use and exercise thereof, in that said part of Our Kingdom of Great
Britain called England, or Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon-
Tweed, and in all Our Colonies and Plantations abroad aforesaid, or not
invented and found out by the said Richard Hayne as aforesaid, then, upon
signification or declaration thereof to be made to Us, Our heirs or suc-
cessors, under Our or Their Signet or Privy Seal, or by the Lords and others of
Our or Their Privy Council, or any six or more of them under their hands,
these Our Letters Patent shall forthwith cease, determin, and be utterly void
to all intents and purposes, anything herein-before contained to the contrary
thereof in anywise notwithstanding: Provided also, that these Our Letters
Patent, or anything herein contained, shall not extend or be construed to
extend to give priviledge unto the said Richard Hayne, his executors,
adirs, or assigns, or any of them, to use or imitate any invention or
work whatsoever which hath heretofore been found out or invented by

page_text: any other of Our subjects whatsoever, and publickly used or exercised in
that said part of Our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, Our Domi-
nion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, or in any of Our Colonies or
Plantations abroad, unto whom like Letters Patent or priviledges have
been already granted for the sole use, exercise, and benefit thereof, it being
Our will and pleasure that the said Richard Hayne, his executors, adñirs,
and assigns, and all and every other person and persons to whom like Letters
Patent or priviledges have been already granted as aforesaid, shall distinctly use
and practice their several Inventions, by them invented and found out, accord-
ing to the true intent and meaning of the same respective Letters Patent, and
of these Presents: Provided likewise, nevertheless, and these Our Letters
Patent are upon this express condition, that if the said Richard Hayne, his
executors or adŵrs, or any person or persons which shall or may at any
time or times hereafter during the continuance of this grant have or claim any
right, title, or interest in law or equity of, in, or to the power, priviledge, or
authority of the sole use and benefit of the said Invention hereby granted,
shall make any transfer or assignment, or any pretended transfer or assign-
ment, of the said liberty or priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or
profit thereof, or shall declare any trust thereof to or for any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, or shall open or cause to be opened
any book or books for publick subscriptions to be made by any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, in order to the raising any sum or sums
of money under pretence of carrying on the said liberty or priviledge hereby
granted, or shall by him or themselves, or his or their agents or servants,
receive any sum or sums of money whatsoever of any number of persons ex-
ceeding in the whole the number of five, for such or the like intents or
purposes, or shall presume to act as a corporate body, or shall divide the
benefit of these Our Letters Patent, or the liberty and priviledge hereby by Us
granted, into any number of shares exceeding the number of five, or shall
commit or do, or procure to be committed or done, any act, matter, or thing
whatsoever during such time as such person or persons shall have any right
or title either in law or equity in or to the said premisses, which will be
contrary to the true intent and meaning of a certain Act of Parliament made
in the sixth year of the reign of our late Royal Great Grandfather King George
the First, intitled, An Act for the better securing certain Powers and Privi-
ledges intended to be granted by Iis Majesty, by Two Charters for Assurance
for Ships and Merchandizes at Sea, and for lending Money upon Bottomry,
and for restraining several Extravagant and Unwarrantable Practices therein
mentioned; or in case the said power, priviledge, or authority shall at any

page_text: in
time hereafter become vested, or in trust, for more than the number of five
persons, or their representatives at any one time (reconing executors or ad₁irs
as and for the single person whom they represent to such interest as they are
or shall be intitled in right of such their testator or intestate), that then and
any of the said cases, these Our Letters Patent, and all liberties and advan-
tages whatsoever hereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and become
void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise not-
withstanding Provided also, that if the said Richard Hayne shall not
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of his said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
his hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in Our High Court
of Chancery within four calendar months next and imediately after the
date of these Our Letters Patents, that then these Our Letters Patent, and all
liberties and advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall utterly cease,
determine, and become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary
thereof in anywise notwithstanding.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Hayne, in pursuance of the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of the aforesaid
Invention, and declare that the same consists in the application of one or
more set or sets of flyers or sails (according to the strength required), to be
put into and continued in motion by means of fire or air, to the respective
kinds of millworks now in use in the manner following; that is to say:
For the grinding of wheat, corn, or any other grain or materials, a pair of
millstones of a convenient size are fixed upon a host or frame, with a spindic
and rind in the usual manner, with a barrel or turntree under the stones, and
a cogg wheel fixed upon it; a windlass at either end of the barrel. Upon
the spindle just below the stones is fixed another wheel filled with either
coggs or rounds to work with the cogg wheel fixed upon the barrel. Upon
the rind or upper stone is fixed a long rod or spindle which goes up
into a funnel or chimney, and upon this rod are placed one or more set
or sets of flyers or sails, one set above another, or after the manner of a screw
or worm, according to the strength required. In this case the hopper is fixed
as in common cases, or to the chimney, with a shoe moved as usual by the
rod fixed upon the rind. At the bottom of the chimney is a fireplace,
which, being supplied with fuel and lighted, the set or sets of flyers (by
the assistance of an hand applied to the windlass) will turn and put in motion
and work the machine. In the same manner, mutatis mutandis, for other
purposes, for instance, if the Invention be intended to be applied for preparing
tools for joiners or other workmen, or to draw water, &c., instead of the

page_text: millstones may be placed saws, rollers, levers, barrels, pumps, buckets, &c.,
according to the respective occasions, and so in many other cases.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Hayne, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and sixty-eight.
Inrolled the Nineteenth day of April, in the year last above said.