MENTS IN PACKING FOR PISTONS, PISTON RODS, AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY REQUIRING TO BE SIMILARLY PACKED."
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Turner, of No. 20, Thrissell Street,
Easton Road, St. Philip's, Bristol, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN PACKING FOR PISTONS, PISTON RODS, AND OTHER PARTS OF
MACHINERY REQUIRING TO BE SIMILARLY PACKED."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Turner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th September 1868.
I, EDWARD TURNER, of No. 20, Thrissell Street, Easton Road,..
St. Philip's, Bristol, do hereby declare the, nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR PISTONS, PISTON RODS, AND OTHER PARTS OF
MACHINERY REQUIRING TO BE SIMILARLY PACKED," to be as follows:-
constructing packing according to this Invention the inner bark
of the linden..or lime tree is employed. To prepare the bark for use,
the gummy matters are removed from it by boiling it in a solution of

page_text: carbonate of soda; the bark may then be used in the same manner as flax
is at present employed for packing pistons, piston rods, valve spindles, pumps,
and pump glands, and other parts of machinery requiring to be similarly
packed. The bark, after having having the gummy matters removed from it,
may be made up into the form of rope or otherwise, and be saturated with
tallow or oil or other lubricating material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent, filed
by the said Edward Turner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
March 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, EDWARD
TURNER, of No. 20, Thrissell Street, Easton Road, St. Philip's, Bristol, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Edward Turner, Her special licence that I, the
said Edward Turner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Edward Turner, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PACKING FOR
PISTONS, PISTON RODS, AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY REQUIRING TO BE
SIMILARLY PACKED," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Turner, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
i
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Turner, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
i

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
+
This Invention has for its object improvements in packing for pistons,
piston rods, and other parts of machinery requiring to be similarly
packed.
:
For these purposes the inner bark of the linden or lime tree with the gummy
matters removed from it by boiling in an alkaline solution, is employed. The
raw inner bark of the linden or lime tree is boiled by preference in a solution
of caustic soda for about four hours, and then washed in water until perfectly
clean. It is then dried and carded and made ready for spinning, the pre-
pared inner bark of the linden or lime tree may be used in the same manner
as flax is at present employed for packing pistons, piston rods, and other parts
of machinery requiring to be similarly packed, by being made into
the form of rope or band and saturated with oil or other lubricat-
ing compounds. For boiling the inner bark of the linden or lime
tree in the alkaline solution I use by preference an iron vessel
of the dimensions of about ten feet square and five feet deep, with
about four coils of steam pipes in the bottom of the said vessel,
over which is placed a perforated false bottom fixed on iron studs about six
inches long, and the whole supported on masonry. In order to keep the con-
tents of the iron vessel in a state of agitation when boiling I set up vertically
in the centre of the said vessel a wrought-iron steam pipe about nine inches
in diameter, open at both ends; the lower end is fixed to the perforated false
bottom and the upper end reaches to within about a foot of the top of the said
vessel, and into the lower end of this vertical pipe the end of the coil of steam
pipes is led, so that the steam passing therefrom rises up the vertical pipe and
by so doing keeps the contents of the vessel in agitation. A tap to draw off
the sediment is all that is required further. Into this said vessel I pour water
to within about ten inches of the top of the centre pipe, to which
I add caustic soda and the inner bark of the linden or lime tree
to the proportions of two hundredweight of caustic soda to one
ton of the inner bark of the linden or lime tree; I then boil the
whole with steam, or it might be otherwise boiled for about four
hours or until such time as the gummy matters are extracted; I then draw
off the liquid and cover it again with water, and boil for about an hour to
thoroughly cleanse it from any remaining gummy or other matters. The bark
so treated is then dried, afterwards carded and spun into yarn, and is subse-

page_text: quently twisted up into a rope or plaited into bands to suitable sizes for pack-
ing pistons, piston rods, and other parts of machinery requiring to
be similarly packed. After
After the bark has thus been made into ropes
or bands I saturate it by preference with oil or tallow.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, manufac-
turing packing for pistons, piston rods, and other parts of machinery requiring
to be similarly packed, from the inner bark of the linden or lime tree prepared
as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Turner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
E. TURNER. (L.S.)