IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR GENERATING GAS AND STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER HEATING PUR- DOSES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Jackson, of Goole, in the County of York, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
FOR GENERATING GAS AND STEAM IN STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES,
SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER HEATING PUR-
DOSES
"
Sealed the 8th June 1877, and dated the 29th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1877.
WILLIAM JACKSON, of Goole, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR GENERATING GAS AND STEAM IN STEAM
BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
OTHER HEATING PURPOSES."
My Invention consists in forming a retort within steam boilers and other
furnaces for generating gas and steam and for other heating purposes, effecting a
great economy in fuel
In order to carry out my Invention, I line the sides of the furnace with fire-.
brick, and at a short distance in front of the ordinary bridge I construct an arch or
projecting part at the crown of the furnace, carrying it more or less down the sides,
according to the shape and construction of the furnace. The grate bars are by pre-
ference placed with a downward inclination towards the bridge.
The furnace may be first lighted in the usual way, with ordinary coals placed on
the fire-bars. But after being properly lighted, I, by preference, use coal dust as
my fuel, and in order to inject this into the retort, I provide a feed pipe, by prefer-
ence near the top of the front of the furnace. The coal dust is supplied to this
pipe from a hopper or other convenient arrangement fitted outside the furnace,
which, when required, has a fuel crushing and powdering arrangement applied. In
order to feed the fuel into the retort, I connect a blast pipe either for air or steam,
which, being passed into the retort at a suitable pressure, carries the fuel with it.
So long as the powdered fuel is supplied, a constant flame is kept up in the retort.
In order to supply a suitable quantity of air or steam to promote combustion, I,
by preference, either perforate the front of the furnace or provide a number of

page_text: steam or air pipes or tuyers near the top of the furnace front or door. When pipes
are used, they are passed to a convenient distance within the retort. I also in some
cases provide steam jets in the ash space beneath the fire-bars.
The construction of the retort varies with the shape or configuration of the
boiler or other furnace. The point at which the dust is thrown thereinto also varies
in a like manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th Sep-
tember 1877.
WILLIAM JACKSON, of Goole, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR GENERATING GAS AND STEAM IN STEAM
BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
OTHER HEATING PURPOSES.”
My Invention consists in forming a retort within steam boilers and other
furnaces for generating gas and steam, and for other heating purposes, effecting a
great economy in fuel.
In order to carry out my Invention, I line the sides of the furnace with fire-
brick, and at a short distance in front of the ordinary bridge I construct an arch or
projecting part at the crown of the furnace, carrying it more or less down the sides,
according to the shape or construction of the furnace. The grate bars are by pre-
ference placed with a downward inclination towards the bridge.
The furnace may be first lighted in the usual way, with ordinary coals placed
on the fire-bars. But after being properly lighted, I, by preference, use coal dust as
my fuel, and in order to inject this into the retort, I provide a feed pipe, by prefer-
ence near the top of the front of the furnace. The coal dust is supplied to this
pipe from a hopper or other convenient arrangement fitted outside the furnace,
which, when required, has a fuel crushing and powdering arrangement applied.
In order to feed the fuel into the retort, 1 connect a blast pipe either for air or
steam, which being passed into the retort at a suitable pressure carries the fuel with
it. So long as the powdered fuel is supplied a constant flame is kept up in the
retort.
In order to supply a suitable quantity of air or steam to promote combustion, I
by preference either perforate the front of the furnace or provide a number of steam
or air pipes or tuyers near the top of the furnace front or door. When pipes are
used they are passed to a convenient distance within the retort. I also in some
cases provide steam jets in the ash space beneath the fire-bars.
The construction of the retort varies with the shape or configuration of the
boiler or other furnace. The point at which the dust is thrown thereinto also varies
in a like manner.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood, reference is
given to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Sheet 1 shews the application of my improvements to the ordinary Cornish steam
boiler.
Sheet 2 shews its application to locomotive boilers.
Sheet 3 shews the mode of applying the same to marine boilers, also details of
the various parts thereof.
The mode of applying my Invention to the Cornish boilers is as follows:-
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 an end elevation. I line
the sides of the furnace a with fire-brick, as shown at b, and at a short distance in
front of the ordinary bridge c I construct an arch or proiecting nart d at the crown

page_text: of the furnace a, carrying it more or less down the sides according to the construc-
tion of the furnace.
The grate bare care by preference placed with a downward inclination towards
the bridge c.
The fire may be first lighted in the ordinary way, with fuel placed
on the fire-bars e and e'. But after being properly lighted, I by preference use coal
dust as my fuel, and in order to inject this into the retort, I provide a feed pipe or
tube, by preference near the top of the furnace. The coal dust is supplied to the
pipe or tube f from the hopper g or other convenient arrangement fitted outside the
furnace, having when required a fuel-feeding apparatus, which will be hereafter
described.
So long as the powdered fuel is supplied a constant flame is kept up in the retort
or furnace a. In order to supply a suitable quantity of air or steam to promote
combustion, I by preference perforate the front of the furnace or the furnace door
in the ordinary way, or provide a number of steam pipes or tuyers near the top of the
furnace front or door. When pipes are used they are passed to a convenient distance
within the retort or furnace a. I also in some cases provide steam jets in the ash
space beneath the bars. The construction of the retort or furnace varies with the
shape or configuration of the boiler or other furnace; the point at which the dust
is thrown in also varies in like manner.
On Sheet 2, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, Figure 2 a transverse section,
shewing one arrangement of my Invention as applied to a locomotive boiler;
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a longitudinal and transverse section of a modifica-
tion of my Invention.
The sides of the furnace are lined with fire-brick as shewn at j, Figures 1 and 2;
is an arch over the bridge ; the furnace is lighted in the same manner as that
described for the Cornish boiler. The arch h, in combination with the bridge or de-
flector l, forms a kind of retort, into which the pulverized fuel is thrown, causing a
flame of immense heat which passes off through the tubes m, thereby generating
steam in the boiler. The arch and bridge become intensely hot and throw off an
immense heat to the boiler. The fuel is injected into the retort at n or at any
The same
other convenient position through tube o by steam or other blast.
description of arrangement will answer for Figures 3 and 4 on the same Sheet, ex-
cepting that a slight difference will be observed in the arch to form the retort. In
this instance I have shown the trumpet-mouthed air tubes p for the admission of
air within the furnace. All corresponding parts bear the same reference letters and
description as Figures 1 and 2.
Sheet 3, Figure 1 represents a front elevation and section, Figure 2 a longitudinal
section, illustrating my Invention as applied to marine boilers; Figures 4, 5, and 6
are respectively an end elevation, longitudinal section, and part section and plan of
feeding arrangement.
The retort q, into which the fuel is thrown from the feeder 1, is formed by means
of the saddles and arch s². The grate bars are inclined downwards towards the
back bridge u, as in the Cornish boiler. The sides of the furnace are also lined
with fire-brick, as shown at v. The fire is commenced in the same manner as
herein-before described, and upon the pulverized fuel being thrown into the retort a
bright hot flame is produced which passes off through tubes w, thereby generating
steam in the boiler. The retort 7 attains a very great heat, which readily ignites
the powdered fuel, and also gives off a great heat to the boiler. In Figure 3 the
arch 8 is brought close to the boiler, instead of a short distance off as shewn at
Figure 2, and in some cases answers better. The apparatus for feeding is shewn at
Figures 4, 5, and 6. The fuel passes from the hopper through the opening a to the
feed roller y, which may be fluted or otherwise, sufficient room being allowed at the
side for the pulverized fuel to pass into the tube or pipe 1; steam or air at a suit-
able pressure being passed into the tube or pipe at 2 and out thereof at 3 into the
furnace injector-like, draws the fuel with it and throws it into the retort, the dis-
tance thrown varying in accordance with the pressure of the steam or other
blast.
Z

page_text: In order to regulate the size of the ground material, I provide the hinged gauge
piece 4, which may be set up to the face of the roller y by the set screw 5, and
regulating thereby the opening at z.
I will now proceed to describe the feeding apparatus shown on Sheet 1, Figures 1
and 2.
The steam or air is conveyed by means of the pipe 8 through pipe or tube 9,
thence it passes out of the pipe 9 at 10, and into the furnace or retort, carrying
with it the pulverized fuel, which passes from the hopper along the passage 11, and
drawn injector-like by means of the steam or air, and thrown thereby into the
retort. The pulverizing apparatus may be of ordinary construction.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and shewn by Drawings
how the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood that I am
aware that powdered fuel has been introduced into lined furnaces by means of jet
appliances, and I therefore do not claim this generally; but what I do claim as my
improvements in the means or apparatus employed for generating gas and steam in
steam boilers and other furnaces, such improvements being also applicable for other
heating purposes, is,—
First. The application of fire-brick lining to the interior of furnaces or fire-boxes
in combination with the application of arches or deflectors or both, all substantially
in the manner and for the purposes described and illustrated on the accompanying
Drawings.
Second. The injecting of powdered fuel into furnaces or fire-boxes by jet appli-
ances, in combination with the application of hopper air holes and fuel feeders,
substantially in the manner shown and described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Jackson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness to the signature
of William Jackson,
J. W. HARDING,
Engineer & Patent Agent,
2, East Parade,
Leeds.
WILLIAM JACKSON. (L.S.)