Improvements in Rag Engines Used in the Manufacture of Paper.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Jan., 1887.
Complete Left, 18th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 20th Sept., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rag Engines Used in the Manufacture of Paper.
A communication to me from abroad by EMIL H. NACKE, of Dresden, in the Empire
of Germany, Engineer.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In pulping or rag engines of the kind ordinarily used in the manufacture of paper
it often happens that the stuff treated is not properly mixed at the edges and bottom
of the vat, the pulp produced being therefore not perfectly uniform.
The present invention has for its object an improved method of construction of such
engines by which these objections are avoided.
The vat is of the usual elliptical form in plan having a longitudinal vertical partition
upon one side of which (in the position where in ordinary pulping engines the beating
wheel or cylinder is situated) a partition is placed transversely from the central
partition to the wall of the vat. The lower part of this transverse partition is
horizontal or nearly so and is arranged a short distance above the bottom of the vat,
In the
whilst its upper part slopes up and back to the height of the edge of the vat.
horizontal part is a circular opening, above which is arranged a centrifugal wheel
so that the pulp entering the opening below passes into the wheel. The centrifugal
wheel is mounted upon an axis either passing down through a stuffing box in the
bottom of the vat or up through bearings above the vat, and this axis is fitted with a
pulley or other ineans by which it can be made to revolve at the desired speed. The
horizontal partition opposite to its inclined part meets the floor of the vat which slopes
down towards the end of the latter.
If the vat is filled with paper pulp, and the centrifugal wheel is made to revolve,
it draws in the pulp from one side of the partition and discharges it upon the other
side, a continuous imovement of the pulp being thus produced round the vat,

page_text: By the use of the centrifugal wheel the pulp is better and more completely mixed
than in the ordinary machine, whilst dead places or collections of pulp at the bottom
and edges of the vat are prevented by the strong radial currents from the wheel.
In order to prevent such dead places or collections, in the pulp flowing to the wheel
the upper part of the partition is inclined as described, and to prevent them and avoid
whirlpools above the wheel, a transverse sliding board horizontal or nearly so is
arranged a short distance above the wheel, so that the pulp discharged from the latter
is divided into two currents, one flowing at the bottom and the other at the surface
of the mass.
The inclined part of the partition first described may be curved on one
or both faces so as better to direct the flowing pulp.
To prevent dead corners in the part of the vat below the wheel, its sides are inclined
or curved towards and round the central opening above which the wheel works.
Instead of being vertical the axis of the wheel may be somewhat inclined as well as
the part of the partition above which it works, so that the pulp issuing from the wheel
is directed in a strong current down the sloping bottom of the vat.
If in addition to the centrifugal wheel (which is more especially effective for mixing
purposes) a grinding or cutting disc with knives is required below the wheel, an
annular bed plate provided with knives is arranged round the upper side of the
circular opening and provision may be made for raising and lowering the revolving
axis for the purpose of adjustment.
The centrifugal wheel may be arranged below instead of above the horizontal
partition, the pulp entering it from above.
D
173
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page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rag Engines Used in the Manufacture of Paper.
A communication to me from abroad by EMIL HERMANN NACKE, of Dresden, in the
Empire of Germany, Engineer.
1. EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawing, (that is to say) :—
In machines or Engines of the kind ordinarily used for pulping, washing, and
otherwise treating the materials used in the manufacture of paper it often happens
that the stuff treated is not properly mixed by the rollers at the edges and bottom of
the vat, the pulp produced being therefore not perfectly uniform.
The present invention has for its object an improved method of construction of such
engines by which these objections are avoided.
In the accompanying drawing, which is in illustration of the invention, figure 1 is
a longitudinal section through the improved Engine, and figure 2 a plan of the same.
Figure 3 is a modified arrangement of figure 1, and figure 4 is a second modification
of figure 1. Figure 5 shews in plan the grinding surface with knives, shewn in
figure 4.
The vat is of the usual elliptical form in plan having a longitudinal vertical
partition m, m, upon one side n of which (in the position where in ordinary pulping
engines the beating wheel or cylinder is situated) a partition a, b, is placed
transversely from the central partition m to the wall n of the vat.
The lower part of this transverse partition a, b, is horizontal or nearly so and is
arranged a short distance above the bottom of the vat, whilst its upper part slopes up
and back to the height of the edge of the vat. In the horizontal part is a circular
opening, above which as in figure 1, (or below it as in figure 3) is arranged a
centrifugal wheel so that the pulp entering the opening below passes into the
wheel. The centrifugal wheel is mounted upon a vertical axis f either passing down
through a stuffing box d in the bottom of the vat or up through bearings above the
vat, and this axis is fitted with a pulley s or other equivalent device by which it can
be made to revolve at the desired speed.
The horizontal partition opposite to its inclined part meets the floor of the vat,
which slopes down towards the end of the latter.
If the vat is filled with paper pulp, and the centrifugal wheel is made to revolve,
it draws in the pulp from one side of the partition and discharges it upon the other
side, a continuous movement of the pulp being thus produced round the vat in the
direction of the arrows shewn in plan in figure 2.

page_text: By the use of the centrifugal wheel the pulp is better and more completely mixed
than in the ordinary machine, whilst dead places or collections of pulp at the bottom
and edges of the vat are prevented by the strong radial bottom currents produced
by the pulp coming from the wheel, in the direction or nearly so of the bottom of
the vat.
In order to prevent such dead places or collections in the pulp flowing to the wheel
the upper part b, b, of the partition is inclined as described, thus directing downward
the pulp flowing against it; and to further prevent them and avoid whirlpools above
the wheel, a transverse sliding or moveable board c, c, horizontal or nearly so, is
arranged a short distance above the wheel (as shewn in figures 1 and 4), so that the
pulp discharged from the wheel is divided into two currents, one flowing at the
bottom and the other at the surface of the mass. The inclined part of the partition
first described may be curved on one or both faces as shewn in dotted lines in figure 1
so as better to direct the flowing pulp. The sides may also be curved in a similar
way and for the same purpose.
To prevent dead corners in the part of the vat below the wheel, the sides are
inclined or curved towards and round the central opening i, i, in the plate a above
which the wheel works as shewn in dotted lines in figure 2. Instead of being vertical
the axis of the wheelf may be somewhat inclined as indicated by the dotted line
y, figure I as well as the part of the partition a above which it works. so that the
pulp issuing from the wheel is directed in a strong current down and parallel or
nearly so with the sloping bottom of the vat, thus ensuring a strong bottom current
for the purpose already described.
If in addition to the centrifugal wheel (which is more especially effective for mixing
purposes) a grinding or cutting disc with knives is required below the wheel, an
annular bed plate g (figures 4 and 5) provided with knives is arranged upon the plate a
round the upper side of the circular opening i and provision may be made for raising
and lowering the revolving axis for the purpose of adjusting the position of the disc
above the bed plate.
The centrifugal wheel may be arranged below (as shewn in figure 3) instead of
above the horizontal partition, the pulp entering it from above.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The vertical or inclined axle carrying a centrifugal wheel with or without
a dise provided with knives, in combination with the transverse partition a, b, between
the central division m and the side n of the vat such partition being partly horizontal
or nearly so and partly inclined or curved, and provided with the hole or opening i,
through which the pulp enters the wheel and passes by the action of the wheel to
the other side of the partition a, b, substantially as described and shewn.
2. The board c, c, arranged above the wheel f, by means of which the pulp issuing
from the wheel, is forced to flow in separate currents, substantially as and for the
purpose described, and shown in figures 1 and 4.
Dated this 18th day of August 1887.