Improvements in or relating to the Making of Tubular Joints.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Making of Tubular Joints.
I, CHARLES THOMAS CROWDEN, of Vernon Lodge, Eastnor Grove, Leamington Spa,
in the County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the making of tubular joints where one tube or a solid
is placed inside another tube, and parts of the two are forced into each other, by
direct hydraulic pressure. In my previous Specifications Nos. 22721 of 1895 and
13577 of 1896, I have described various ways of making joints of this description;
my present invention relates to the apparatus and the manner of operating it.
In carrying out my present invention I employ a suitable jig or mould into
which the parts of the joint or joints are placed, or if desired a complete framework
of a cycle for example may be placed in a suitable jig, and all the joints made at
once. The jig must be divided where necessary to give access to the interior for
the insertion or removal of the parts to be joined and in my previous specifications
I indicate the fastening of the various parts of the mould together by means of
bolts. By my present invention I do not hold the parts together by bolts, but by
the hydraulic pressure. I employ a suitably constructed hydraulic press and to the
base or fixed table of this I secure one or more parts of the jig and to the head of
the ram or movable table secure another part or parts. When the pressure is
applied the ram descends and brings the two parts of the mould together, the
pressure of the ram holding them in tight contact. The pressure for making the
joints may be then applied in substantially the manner already described in said
previous specifications.
If desired the press may be made in more than two parts and more than one ram
and more than one fixed part may be employed. For instance, where it is desired
to remove a particular portion of the frame in a direction other than that of the
axial line of the press I may have another ram operating in a path say perpen-
dicular to that of the first ram so as to draw a particular portion or portions of the
jig or mould out in the required direction.
The portions of the jig may be bolted to the respective portions of the press or
In the case of
they may be merely fitted in and held by any convenient means.
the bottom portion no special means are necessary for holding the jig as it is merely
necessary that it should be fitted upon the table in the proper position. In the
movable parts where the part of the jig would have to be raised means sufficient
to overcome the weight of the portion of the jig which was raised would be
necessary.
One valve or set of valves may be employed for operating the rams and another

page_text: valve or set of valves for controlling the pressure for making the joints; or the
same valve or valves may be arranged to control the whole of the pressure.
1
10th day of March 1807
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to the Making of Tubular Joints.
I, CHARLES THOMAS CROWDEN, of Vernon Lodge, Eastnor Grove, Leamington Spa,
in the County of Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
This invention relates to the making of tubular joints where one tube or a solid
is placed inside another tube, and parts of the two are forced into each other, by
direct hydraulic pressure. In my previous Specification Nos. 22721 of 1895 and
13577 of 1896, I have described various ways of making joints of this description;
my present invention relates to the apparatus and the manner of operating it.
In carrying out my present invention I employ a suitable jig or mould into
which the parts of the joint or joints are placed, or if desired a complete framework
of a cycle for example may be placed in a suitable jig, and all the joints made at
once. The jig must be divided where necessary to give access to the interior for
the insertion or removal of the parts to be joined and in my previous specifications
I indicate the fastening of the various parts of the mould together by means of
bolts. By my present invention I do not hold the parts together by bolts, but by
hydraulic pressure. I employ a suitably constructed hydraulic press and to the
base or fixed table of this I secure one or more parts of the jig and to the head of
the ram or movable table I secure another part or parts. When the pressure is
applied the ram descends and brings the two parts of the mould together, the
pressure of the ram holding them in tight contact. The pressure for making the
joints may be then applied in substantially the manner already described in said
previous specifications.
If desired the press may be made in more than two parts and more than one ram
and more than one fixed part may be employed. For instance, where it is desired
to remove a particular portion of the frame in a direction other than that of the
axial line of the press I may have another ram operating in a path say perpen-
dicular to that of the first ram so as to draw a particular portion or portions of the
jig or mould out in the required direction.
The portions of the jig may be bolted to the respective portions of the press or
they may be merely fitted in and held by any convenient means. In the case of
the bottom portion no special means are necessary for holding the jig as it is merely
necessary that it should be fitted upon the table in the proper position. In the
movable parts where the part of the jig would have to be raised means sufficient
to overcome the weight of the portion of the jig which was raised would be
necessary.
One valve or set of valves may be employed for operating the rams and another
valve or set of valves for controlling the pressure for making the joints; or the
same valve or valves may be arranged to control the whole of the pressure.
In the accompanying drawings:-

page_text: Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of the improved apparatus employed
for making tubular joints.
Figure 2 is plan of the same.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
Above a table A is arranged a cylinder B in which is a hydraulic ram C, con-
nected to a movable table C. On the inner end of the ram C is an extension C²
which passes through into a small cylinder B¹ on the end of the cylinder B, being
there provided with a piston C3. A low pressure main D leads into a connecting
piece E, being provided at its point of entrance with a back pressure valve D¹.
From the connecting piece E lead three pipes, one F passing through the
cylinder B¹ a second pipe G being connected to the high pressure hydraulic main H
and to the cylinder B, while a third pipe J leads to the interior of the jig or mould.
The two main parts K K¹ of the jig or mould are attached to the fixed table A
and movable table C¹ respectively.
A three part jig is shown in the example, the subsidiary part K2 being acted upon
by a ram L in a cylinder L'.
To operate the apparatus the high pressure main is shut off, low pressure water
being admitted through the pipe D and valve D¹, pipe F and cock valve F¹ into
the cylinder B, the pressure being admitted. below the piston C and consequently
raising the table C' with the part K' of the jig attached to it. The article to be
jointed is placed in the part K of the jig, and the table C with the second part K¹
of the jig brought down on to the fixed part K.
Water under high pressure is now admitted to the interior of the cylinder B and
through the pipe J to the interior of the jig, the parts of the latter being thus
securely held together while the joint is formed.
If a three or more part jig is employed power is admitted to the supplementary
cylinder or cylinders at the same time as to the main cylinder B.
It is to be noted that the cross sectional area of the ram C is greater than the
corresponding interior portion of the mould or jig which is subjected to the like
hydraulic pressure as the ram.
It is not necessary to employ low pressure water for raising the ram and part
of the jig, so long as the operation performed hydraulically.
It is to be understood that the details of the apparatus may be varied in accord-
ance with requirements without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In an apparatus for making tubular joints holding the parts of the jig or
mould together by hydraulic pressure.
2. In an apparatus for making tubular joints the employment of one or more
hydraulic rams for holding the parts of the jig or mould in position substantially
as described.
3. In an apparatus for making tubular joints the combination with a part of a
mould or jig of a hydraulically operated ram of greater cross sectional area than
the corresponding interior portion of the mould subjected to the like hydraulic
pressure.
4. In an apparatus for making tubular joints the combination with a hydraulic
ram for holding together parts such as KK' of a jig or mould of one or more
supplementary rams such as L for holding subsidiary parts of the jig in position
substantially as described.
5. In an apparatus for making tubular joints the combination with a high
pressure cylinder and ram C for holding the parts of the jig or mould together
during the formation of the joint, of a second cylinder and piston for raising one
part of the jig and water mains for conveying power to the two cylinders substan-
tially as described.

page_text: 6. The complete apparatus for use in the making of tubular joints substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of December 1897
CHARLES THOMAS CROWDEN.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.