IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANO- FACTURING CIGARS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for tho
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANO-
FACTURING CIGARS."-A communication from abroad by Adolph
Pistor and David Ciacher, of Frankfort-on-the-Maine.
Scaled the 14th February 1873, and dated the 14th August 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th August 1872.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
MANUFACTURING CIGARS," a communication to me from abroad by Adolph
Pistor and David Ciacher, of Frankfort-on-the-Maine, to be as
follows:

page_text: rollers, two working in stationary bearings, one in moveable bearings,
and the last having a compound of three motions imparted to it, the
rollers being formed of round shafts of iron covered with tubes of
wood on which are double conical tubes of brass covered with india-
rubber.
On one of the end frames of the machine there is a bracket carrying
the driving shaft worked by a pulley and spring clutch. The shaft of
the roller having three motions has a screw at each end, and on the
driving shaft there is a toothed wheel geared by other wheels on the
shafts of three of the rollers, and the wheel on the shaft having three
motions is held by a key on the shaft fitting a slot in the wheel, so that
the shaft can move to and fro and revolve at the same time. This shaft
works in two moveable bearings placed in slots or guides in the end
frames, and in connection with the bearings there are spiral springs
placed in boxes, and the moveable bearings with the shaft and roller
are moved one way by levers and the other way by the springs, the
levers being worked by arms on a rocking shaft at the top of the
machine, and put in motion by a lever, connecting rod, and treadle in
the usual manner.
Near the ends of the rocking shafts there are two arms, to which are
connected by wing screws and nuts two bearings for carrying an upper
front roller worked by friction, there being slots in the arms or bearings
to allow the roller to be adjusted according to the different sizes and
forms of the cigars. When the connecting rod is moved downwards the
upper front roller moves upwards, and the roller with three motions
moves backwards, thus preparing the machine to receive the bodies or
bunches of the cigars, and at the same time the wrapper is placed in the
machine; and when the connecting rod is moved upwards the upper
front roller moves downwards, and the roller with three motions forwards
to enable the machine to envelope the wrapper on the bunch.
On the shaft of the roller with three motions there are spiral springs,
having their ends in contact with the moveable bearings and the ends
of the wooden tube, and on tho end frames are jointed small catch levers
having threads fitting the screws at the ends of the roller, and when the
driving pulley turns from right to left after the connecting rod is moved
upwards the four rollers are turned, three of them by the toothed
wheels, and the upper front one by friction, and then the three-motioned
roller is moved from left to right by one of the catch levers and screws,

page_text: •
so that the extremity of the cigar is forced into a pointed cap
fastened to the table in order to point or form the head; and when the
wrapper is rolled right to the points the machine is stopped for a moment
and the end of the wrapper cut off by hand, and slightly gummed,
after which the machine is again, set on, and the head is finished, after
which the connecting rod is moved downwards to open the rollers, so
that the finished cigar can be removed, and a fresh body or bunch placed
in opposite to be wrapped and finished.
...
When the catch lever at one end is in gear with one of the screws one
half of the leaf is wrapped on, but when the other catch lever is in gear
with the other screw the other half of the leaf is wrapped' on; and to
manufacture cigars of different lengthis the brass tubes underneath the
india-rubber coverings are moved to different positions on the tubes of
wood as required.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
Y
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th February 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
1. Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth, year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence
that I, the said Edward. Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said.,Edward Thomas Hughes, my
executors,-administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING CIGARS," a communication to
me from abroad by Adolph Pistor and David Ciacher, of Frankfort-
on-the-Maine, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
--

page_text: Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar {
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Figures on the ]
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked
thereon, that is to say :—
This Invention consists in improved arrangements of machinery for
enveloping the wrapper round the bunch, and entirely finishing the
cigar, the operations being performed by four rollers, two working in ]
stationary bearings or in moveable bearings, and one having throo
motions imparted to it, the rollers being formed of round shafts of iron
covered with tubes of wood, on which are double conical tubes of brass
covered with india-rubber.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 is a front vicw; ;
Fig. 2, a plan; and Figs. 3 and 4, end views of the improved machinery
for enveloping and finishing cigars; Fig. 5, a section at the line x, x,
Fig. 1, and Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, detached views of various parts.
The several parts of the machinery are carried by the end frames A, A,
fastened to a table of the requisite height, and to one of the frames is
fixed the bracket B, in which there is a shaft b carrying a loose pulley D
and a clutch wheel E keyed so that it can move to and fro longitudinally,
there being on the pulley D an inclined projecting clutch g, and on the
wheel E a similar clutch f, and if the pulley turns from the left to the
right the inclined clutches and 7 pass each other, the spring ; screwed ;
to the bracket B yielding to allow them to do so, and thus there is no
turning movement given to the wheel E nor the shaft ; but if the
pulley turns from the right to the left the clutch g scizes the clutch f,
and turns the wheel E, the shaft 6, and a toothed wheel I fixed to it,
the toothed wheel H putting the machine in motion.
The rollers are marked a, c, d, e, all made of iron shafts covered with
tubes of wood, conical tubes of brass, and india-rubber, as shewn in the

page_text: sections, Figs. 6, 8, and 9, and it is the shafts of the two rollers c, d, which
work in stationary bearings in the end frames, and on the shafts of these
rollers there are toothed wheels gearing into the toothed wheels H on the
driving shaft b. The shaft of the roller a works in the moveable bearings L
placed in slots or guides in the end frames, and has at its ends right and
left handed screws, there being on the shaft a toothed wheel gearing
into the toothed wheel H on the driving shaft, the wheel being held by
a feather and slot, so that the roller a can turn, and at the same time be
moved to and fro longitudinally.
In connection with the moveable bearings L there are spiral springs M
placed in boxes N, and the bearings are jointed to the levers O, having
at their upper parts slots, in which there are studs P fixed to short arms
at the ends of the rocking shaft Q, which works in bearings at the tops
of the frames A, A.; and in the middle of the shaft Q there is an arm or
lever R jointed by a connecting rod S to a treadle.
Near the ends of the rocking shaft Q are fixed two arms T, to which
connected by wing screws and nuts V two links or hangers u for
carrying an upper front roller c turned by friction, there being slots in
the links, as shewn in Fig. 10, to allow the roller to be adjusted according
to the different sizes and forms of the cigars.
On the shaft of the roller a there are spiral springs wo, having their
ends in contact with the moveable bearings Land the ends of the wooden
tube on that shaft, and on the end frames A, A, are jointed small lever
catches, Figs. 1, 2, and 7, having concave edges which fit in the
threads of the screws at the ends of the shaft a.
The action of the machine is as follows:When the connecting rod S
is moved downwards by acting on the treadle the upper front roller e
moves upwards, and the roller a backwards, thus preparing the machine
for receiving the bunches or bodies of the cigars on the rollers c, d, and
after a bunch is properly placed on them, and an end of a wrapper
placed at an end of the bunch between it and the rollers c, d, the con-
necting rod § is moved upwards, thereby moving the roller e downwards
and the roller a forwards, thus putting the machine in condition to
envelop the wrapper on the bunch, for when the connecting rod S is
moved upwards the toothed wheel on the shaft a gears into the toothed
whicel H on the driving shaft b, and thus all the toothed wheels are
geared together. Now if one of the catch levers x, say, for example,

page_text: that on the left side of the machine is geared into the screw on that end
of the shaft a, and the pulley D turned from the right to the left, all
the rollers will be turned; the rollers a, c, d, by the toothed wheels, and
the roller e by friction, and at the same time the catch lever and screw
move the roller a from the left to the riglit, and thus the wrapper will
be rolled or enveloped on the bunch, the cigar being moved from the
left to the right, and its extremity forced against a pointer Z fastened to
a small table board Y, in order to form or shape the head, and when the
wrapper is rolled to the larger part of the head the machine is stopped
for a moment, and the end of the wrapper cut by hand to the form 1
required to envelop the head, which end is then gummed, and the
machine set in motion to finish the head. The connecting rod is now
moved downwards to raise the roller e, and move back the move-
able cushions and the roller a, so that the finished cigar can be
removed, and a fresh bunch placed in position to be enveloped and 1
finished, and as the moveable cushions are moved back the screw is
removed from the catch lever, and the springs to return the roller a to
its original position in the middle of the machine, after which the catch
lever on the left sido is removed from the screw, and the catch lever on
the right side put in gear with its corresponding screw, and when the 2
connecting rod S is moved upwards the toothed wheels are all in gear,
and the machine again ready to envelop the wrapper on the bunch,
when the pulley D is made to revolve from the right to the left, the
cigar moving from right to left, and having its head formed and
finished in a second pointer Z at the left side of the machine. Thus 2
when the screws are arranged for the purpose, if the catch lever at the
left side is in gear with the screw, the roller a moves from left to
right, and the wrapper is rolled on at the right side, that is, the left half
of the leaf tobacco is enveloped on the bunch, but if the catch lever at
the right side is in gear with its corresponding screw the bunch will
be enveloped at the left side, the other half of the leaf tobacco forming
the wrapper.
To manufacture cigars of different lengths the tubes of brass covered
with india-rubber are so placed that the part marked 1, 1, on the roller,
Figs. 6, 8, and 9, arrives at each operation in line with the end of the a
cigar when the rollers are at work.

page_text: the machine; secondly, that to manufacture cigars of different lengths
it is only necessary to shift the brass tubes covered with india-rubber to
different positions on the wooden tubes, whereas in the former machines
separate rollers were required for each different length of cigar; and,
thirdly, the machine is almost an automaton, and cannot be turned in a
wrong direction.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Inven-
tion, as communicated to me from abroad, I claim, the improvements in
machinery or apparatus for manufacturing cigars, substantially as herein
described and shewn on the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of February, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.