IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR DRESSING MILLSTONES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hine, of Cockermouth, in the County.
of Cumberland, Miller, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR DRESSING MILLSTONES."
Sealed the 3rd November 1868, and dated the 26th Junc 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th June 1868.
I, JOHN HINE, of Cockermouth, in the County of Cumberland,
Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR DRESSING MILLSTONES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to apparatus for facilitating the cutting or
dressing of millstones by hand by means of diamonds or other hard
stones or cutters.
The apparatus cansists of parallel bars connected together by links
in the manner of a parallel ruler of suitable size, through one bar of
which passes a screw working in a screw nut fixed therein in the central

page_text: position. The one end of said screw is received in a longitudinal groove
made in the inside face of the other or movable bar, the other or
projecting end of the screw being provided with a thumb head to
facilitate turning. Metal plates are also fixed on the inner face of the
movable bar taking into a neck formed on the end of the screw, which
is thereby connected to the movable bar so that on turning the screw
in either direction the movable bar is moved towards or away from the
fixed one in the manner of a parallel ruler. The fixed bar is provided
with a stop or projection at either end which bear against the furrow
in the stone on the side furthest from the surface to be cut, by means
of which the bar is held steady when in use. These stops are provided
on both sides to enable the apparatus to be reversed when required.
The cutting tool consists of a diamond or other hard stone mounted
in a suitable holder and recessed into a metal block somewhat resembling
a plane, the diamond cutter or cutters projecting from the under face
thereof. The block, which is provided with a handle, is passed over the
surface of the stone in the manner of a plane, being guided in its motion
by the movable bar before-mentioned, against the face of which it bears.
After each passage of the cutting tool the movable bar is advanced a
certain distance by turning the screw and the tool again moved across
the surface of the stone as before, thus producing parallel lines or cuts
of great regularity. The parallel apparatus is transferred to each
furrow successively to complete the cutting or dressing of the surface.
Two or more diamond cutters may be recessed into the block above
mentioned for producing several cuts at a time, the distance apart of
the cutters being adjusted by set screws or otherwise.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Hine in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th December 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HINE, of Cockermouth, in the County of Cumberland, Miller, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-

page_text: second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Hine, Her special licence
that I, the said John Hine, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Hine, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, aud
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTB
IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR DRESSING MILLSTONES,"
upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Hine, my executors or ad-
ministrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the samé
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Hine, do hereby declare thé
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say):-
My Invention relates to apparatus for facilitating the cutting or
dressing of millstones by hand by means of diamonds or other hard
stones or cutters.
The apparatus consists of parallel bars connected together by links
in the manner of a parallel ruler of suitable size, through one bar of
which passes a screw working in a screw nut fixed therein in a central
position. The one end of said screw is received in a longitudinal
groove made in the inside face of the other or movable bar, the other
or projecting end of the screw being provided with a thumb head to
facilitate turning. Metal plates are also fixed on the inner face of the
movable bar taking into a neck formed on the end of the screw, which
is thereby connected to the movable bar, so that on turning the screw
in either direction the movable bar is moved towards or away from
the fixed one in the manner of a parallel ruler. The fixed bar is
provided with a stop or projection at either end which bear against

page_text: These
the furrow in the stone on the side furthest from the surface to be
cut, by means of which the bar is held steady when in use.
stops are provided on both sides to enable the apparatus to be reversed
when required.
The cutting tool consists of a diamond or other hard stone mounted
in a suitable holder and recessed into a metal block somewhat resembling
a plane, the diamond cutter or cutters projecting from the under face
thereof. The block, which is provided with a handle, is passed over
the surface of the stone in the manner of a plane, being guided in its
motion by the movable bar before mentioned, against the face of which
it bears. After each passage of the cutting tool the movable bar is
advanced a certain distance by turning the screw, and the tool again
moved across the surface of the stone as before, thus producing parallel
lines or cuts of great regularity. The parallel apparatus is transferred
to each furrow successively to complete the cutting or dressing of the
surface.
Two or more diamond cutters may be recessed into the block above
mentioned for producing several cuts at a time, the distance apart of
the cutters being adjusted by set screws or otherwise.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed shows a plan of my improved
apparatus for cutting or dressing millstones, and Figure 2 a transverse
section of same taken on line 1, 2, Figure 1.
A and B are two parallel bars connected together by links a, a, Bo
as to form a parallel ruler. A screw C is mounted at the centre of the
bar B at right angles thereto and working in a nut therein. The
forward end of said screw C is secured in a groove or slot a' formed
longitudinally in the inner face of the movable bar A, by means of
plates d fixed to the inner face of bar A' and taking into the neck b
formed on the end of screw C, as seen in Figure 2, thereby connecting it
to bar A. In this manner on turning screw C in either direction by
means of the thumb head, the bar A will be moved either towards or
away from fixed bar B in the manner of a parallel ruler, the end of
screw C traversing the groove in bar A, in which it is received. Bar
B is provided at each end with stops d', which bear against the furrow
in the stone and thus serve to hold it firmly in position when in use.
These stops d' are provided on both sides, as seen, to enable the apparatus

page_text: to be reversed when required for cutting or dressing the stone in either
direction.
The cutting tool, which is seen separately in side elevation in
Figure 3, consists of a metal block D somewhat resembling a plane, in
which is recessed a suitable holder carrying a diamond or other cutter e,
the diamond cutter or cutters projecting from the under face of block D,
as seen. The block is provided with a handle D' to be grasped by the
hand of the operator, and is passed over the stone in the manner of a
plane, being guided in its motion by the bar A, against the face of
which it slides, as seen in Figures 1 and 2. After each passage of the
cutting tool D the bar A is advanced a certain distance by turning
screw C, and the tool D again moved across the surface of the stone
from end to end of bar A as before, thus producing parallel lines or cuts
of great regularity. When the bar A arrives at the position shown in
red lines in Figure 1 (its motion from bar B being limited by links a, a),
the motion of screw C is reversed for bringing back bar A to position,
and the apparatus transferred to the next furrow, where another series
of cuts is made by the aid of plane D and parallel ruler A in the
manner before described, the operation being repeated until the cutting
or dressing of the millstone is completed. Two or more diamond cutters
may be recessed into block D for producing several cuts at a time.
Figure 4 of the Drawings shows a plan of a modified arrangement of
the parallel ruler before described, and Figure 5 a vertical section of same
on line 3, 4, Figure 4. In this arrangement the links a are dispensed
with, the movable bar A being of T form, the stem A' of which slides in
dovetailed guides B¹ of bar B. In this manner the bar A will be always
maintained in a parallel position as before during its forward motion.
The bar A is moved towards or from bar B by means of a screw C
working in a nut in bar B as before, the neck or groove 6 however being
formed by preference near the rear end of the screw and working in a
socket formed under the tail piece A¹. A screw or pin 6' taking in
groove b confines it in the socket, so that on the screw C being turned
in either direction, bar A will be caused to move towards or away from
bar B as before described, it being in all cases maintained parallel
therewith.
The cutting tool or plane D is slid by hand along the face, of
bar A as before for making the cuts, and in order to keep it close up
against said bar A. I may provide the latter with a projecting, flange

page_text: having a groove throughout its length, in which fits a corresponding
rim or projection g formed on the side of the plane D, as seen dotted
in Figure 3, so that as the latter is passed along the face of bar A
any tendency to deviate from the straight course is prevented by
parts fand g, or the plane D may simply work against the face of the
bar A as before. In this case I also dispense with the stops a for
securing bar B on the millstone, and substitute in lieu thereof the
curved slotted pieces E formed on the bar B projecting in rear on either
side. A screw bolt, Figure 5, passes through the slot in each part
E, by which the fixed bar B of the apparatus. is securely fixed in any
position on a bed plate F, seen also in Figure 6, which shows a plan
of the apparatus complete as applied for cutting or dressing a millstone.
Each of the bolts h is received in a slot i in bed plate F, so as to enable
the parallel apparatus to be adjusted at any angle on the bed plate F
for making the cuts in any desired direction. A2, guage for adjusting
the position of movable bar A after cach cut.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to
be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
parallel ruler A, B, screw C, and plane D when combined and arranged
in the manner shown and described, forming an improved apparatus
for cutting or dressing millstones.
I also claim the modified arrangement of the apparatus, substantially
as described and illustrated in Figures 4, 5, and 6 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hine, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
Witness,
A. M. CLARK,
Patent Agent,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
JOHN HINE. (L.S.)