IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINES POR COMBING AND CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emile Alcan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd July
1862. A communication from abroad by Celestin Martin, of Pepinster,
Belgium.
1. EMILE ALCAN, of Coleman Street Buildings, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES POR COMBING AND CARDING WOOL AND OTHER FILAMENTOUS
MATERIALS," (communicated to me from abroad by Celestin Martin, of
Pepinster, Belgium,) to be as follows:-
The chief object of this Invention is the combing and carding of wool and
other filamentous material in such manner as to leave the fibres as entire as
possible, and to produce slivers, the fibres of which are more uniform than
heretofore, by means of machinery constructed and working as hereafter
described.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the machine. a is the frame; b is the
endless feed band on which the wool to be operated on is laid; c, c', are two
rollers studded with short and thick-pointed cards; d is another roller with
similar cards for cleaning the upper roller c; e, f, and 9, are three rollers with
cards, as before, all of which work the wool against the large card roller h;
is another roller fitted with finer cards; and i, i, i, i, are small rollers
fitted with cards similar to those on the roller i, and which work the wool
between them; k is a roller with cards similar to those on the roller i for
stripping the roller ; is the large card cylinder, between which and the

page_text: working card rollers m, m, the wool is worked or combed; the card rollers
n. n, are the stripping rollers placed to work after the working card rollers;
n is a card roller placed to work in front of the working card roller m²; o is
an additional card roller; p is a comb cylinder fitted like all the working card
rollers with ordinary cards; q is the doffer for stripping the wool from the
comb cylinder p; r, Figure 2, is a semicircular frame supporting the roller i, as
well as the small rollers, 2, 3, 2, and k. This frame r is so secured that by
removing the bolt s it can be raised, and the position of the rollers may be
regulated; a rod extending across the machine unites the two semicircular
frames.
The operation is as follows:-The wool or other material is taken by the
roller from the two guide rollers c, c', and is worked between it and the
rollers e, f, and g; the speed of the roller h is an eighth of that at which the
large card cylinder is driven. The roller e, which is driven at nearly double
the speed of the rollers c, c', is stripped by the roller f, which is driven some-
what faster; the roller is stripped by the roller g, the speed of which is
still greater. The roller i, which takes the wool, from the rollers g and h,
and which works and combs it, with the rollers , 1, 3, 1, is driven at about
twice the speed of that of the roller . The large card cylinder. 1, which
takes the wool or other material from the roller i in order to work and comb
it with the card rollers around it, receives the wool from the stripping rollers
n, n, which it has combed on the working rollers m, m, directly after they
have received it from the large card cylinder 1. This result is obtained by
the stripping rollers n, n, being made to follow the working needles m, m,
instead of their being placed in front of the latter, as is usually done.
By this arrangement the wool or other material is never reversed while
being worked and combed, all the parts of the machine tend to lay the fibres
lengthwise, and to prevent any shortening which has been found to take place
when the stripping rollers are placed in front of the working rollers, the
roller n¹ precedes the card cylinder m³, but no ill effects are consequent
thereon, because the material, on reaching this roller, is almost entirely combed
by the large roller; it is also necessary that this roller should be applied in
this way, else the wool given might be raised by the additional card roller o,
because the wool would be on the surface of, and not in the cards of the large
drum.