Improvements in Machines for Washing, Scouring, Mordanting and Cleansing Hanks and other Forms of Fibrous Substances.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Aug.,
1899
Complete Specification Left, 18th May, 1900-Accepted, 21st July, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Washing, Scouring, Mordanting and
Cleansing Hanks and other Forms of Fibrous Substances.
We, JESHURUN LONGTHORPE, of Copley, in the County of York, Dyer, and
WALTER DARGUE, of Copley aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:
-
This invention relates to machines for washing, scouring, cleansing and mor-
danting wool, silk, cotton, flax, or other fibrous substances, in the hank or skein
and also for washing-off, from the said hanks of fibrous substances, superfluous
dye-stuff and the like the machine being also applicable for treating piece goods.
To affect this object we employ in the first place two, three, or any number of
tanks or cisterns in juxtaposition, so that the contents thereof may be easily and
readily passed in to one other. At the feeding end of the first tank or cistern,
we place, a little in advance of the said tank or cistern a grooved roller, herein-
after called the breast roller, and at a position on the outside of the front end
of the tank or cistern, and near to the bottom thereof we mount a grooved ten-
sion roller, corresponding to the breast roller just mentioned. Just within the
inside front end of the tank or cistern, we mount in adjustable bearings in suit-
able framework a pair of grooved rollers which we term receiving rollers, driven
by suitable gearing. The grooves in these rollers, are made to receive, a series
of endless ropes, cords, network, or fabric, which will enter into the said grooves
and form an endless travelling apron or support, for the material being scoured
or otherwise treated in the machine. These endless ropes, cords, network, or
fabric pass around breast roller, and through the receiving rollers, where they
are brought into contact with another set of endless wire ropes or cords or
network or fabric, which join the first named set of endless bands at this point;
thus the hanks or pieces are held firmly, between the two sets of endless tra-
velling bands or fabrics in their journey through the machine. After the endless
bands or aprons with the hanks between same have passed the receiving rollers
they pass around a series of tension rollers in the tauk or cistern. These ten-
sion rollers have an oscillatory or vibratory motion, imparted to them, by any
suitable meana for the purpose of loosing or cleansing the dirt from the fibres
being treated. These rollers are of the description known as lantern rollers,"
that is to say they have longitudinal slits or openings in their peripheries to
allow the liquor in the vessel to circulate freely through the fibres or hanks
passing around same. After leaving these "lantern rollers the endless cords or
fibres pass to a pair of squeezing rollers mounted in suitable framework at the end
of the tank or cistern. The top roller of this pair is plain and there passes around
same an endless sheet of indiarubber, felt, canvas, or the like, which also passes
around a small roller which rests adjustably in slides, in the framework, this
endless sheet of india rubber or the like, serving to give a suitable squeeze to the
fibres or fibrous substances passing therethrough, and freeing same, from the
cleansing or scouring liquor, it is impregnated with, the requisite pressure being
obtained by means of springs or any suitable means may be employed for the
وو
*
"

page_text: purpose. The bottom roller of the pair is grooved to receive the endless wire,
ropes, network, or fabrics, which after passing through are carried on into the
next vessel of the series. At the front of this tank and near the bottom of same
is situated a tension roller, under which the endless bands pass and thence
through a series of pairs of small rollers, called "rabbling rollers" which are
mounted in bearings in vertical guides attached to each side of the vessel. Each
pair of these "rabbling rollers has a vertical reciprocatory motion imparted
thereto by means of cams or eccentrics and connecting rods. Each
pair of these rollers is pressed together by springs or other means and as the
endless bands, together with the hanks pass through same, the reciprocatory
motion given to the said rollers "rabbles" the endless bands (or fabrics) and
hanks and thus frees the hanks from any impurities and effectually cleanses
them from scouring liquor. At the rear end of this second vessel is another
tension roller, around which the endless bands pass, and thence to a pair of
squeezing rollers, similar to the pair at the end of the first tank or cistern and
similarly provided with a sheet of indiarubber, felt, canvas, or suitable material
for squeezing the hanks and freeing them from moisture. After leaving these
squeezing rollers, the upper set of endless bands, network, or fabrics pass over
a tension pulley and back over the tanks or cisterns, returning to the receiving
rollers again, and the bottom set pass around more tension pulleys, and return
underneath the machine to the breast roller, or if desirable the said two sets of
endless bands and fabrics and hanks may pass through more tanks or cisterns
in order that the hanks may undergo further processes.
In order to keep the hanks in a suitably stretched condition during the process,
the pitch of the grooves of the various rollers in the first tank or cistern gradually
increases from the breast roller to the first pair of squeezing rollers, thus the
series of bands are widened out transversely, consequently the hanks are gradually
stretched until they reach the first pair of squeezing rollers where the stretching
ceases.
The pitch of the grooves in the various rollers may be varied to suit the
different qualities of the fibres or fibrous materials being dealt with.
Fingers or guides may be provided at the feeding and delivery ends of the
machine and also, if found necessary, at intermediate positions therein, for main-
taining the endless bands network, or fabrics in their proper positions.
Dated this 26th day of August 1890
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Halifax, Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in Machines for Washing, Scouring, Mordanting and
Cleansing Hanks and other Forms of Fibrous Substances.
We, JESHURUN LONGTHORPE, of Copley, in the County of York, Dyer, and
WALTER DARGUE, of Copley aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to machines for washing, scouring, cleansing and mor-
danting wool, silk, cotton, flax, cr other fibrous substances, in the hank or
skein, and also for washing-off, from the said hanks of fibrous substances, super-
fluous dye-stuff and the like, the machine being also applicable for treating
piece goods.
For the purpose of our invention we employ in the first place two, three, or

page_text: any number of tanks or cisterns in juxtaposition, so that the contents thereof
may be easily and reatlily passed into one another.
At the feeding end of the first tank or cistern, we place, a little in advance of
the said tank or cistern, a grooved roller, hereinafter called the breast roller, and
at a position on the outside of the front end of the tank or cistern, and near to
the bottom thereof, we mount a grooved tension roller, corresponding to the breast
roller just mentioned.
16
Just within the inside front end of the tank or cistern, we mount in adjustable
bearings in suitable framework a pair of grooved rollers which we term receiving
rollers, driven by suitable gearing. The grooves in these rollers
are made to receive a series of endless ropes or cords, or network, or
equivalent openwork fabrics may take the place of ropes or cords, which form au
endless travelling apron, carrier, or support, for the material being scoured or
otherwise treated in the machine. These endless ropes, cords, network, or
fabrics, pass around the breast roller, and through the receiving rollers, where
they are brought into contact with another set of endless wire ropes, or cords,
or network, or fabric, which join the first named set of endless bands at this
point; thus the hanks or pieces are held firmly, between the two sets of endless
travelling bands or fabrics in their journey through the machine. After the
endless bands or aprons with the hanks between same have passed the receiving
rollers they pass around a series of tension rollers in the tank or cistern. These
tension rollers have an oscillatory or vibratory motion, imparted to them, by
any suitable means for the purpose of loosing or cleansing the dirt from the
" lantern
fibres being treated. These rollers are of the description known as
rollers"
that is to say they have longitudinal slits or openings in their perpheries
to allow the liquor in the vessel to circulate freely through the fibres or hanks
passing around same. After leaving these lantern rollers" the endless cords
or fabrics pass to a pair of squeezing rollers mounted in suitable framework at
the end of the tank or cistern. The top roller of this pair is plain and there
passes around same an endless sheet of indiarubber, felt, canvas, or the like,
which also passes around a small roller which rests adjustably in slides, in the
framework, this endless sheet of indiarubber, or the like, serving to give a suit-
able squeeze to the fibres or fibrous substances passing therethrough, and freeing
same from the cleansing or scouring liquor, it is impregnated with, the requisite
pressure being obtained by means of springs, or any suitable means may be
employed for the purpose. The bottom roller of the pair is grooved to receive
the endless wire, ropes, or network, or fabrics, which after passing therethrough
are carried on into the next vessel of the series. At the front of this tank and
near the bottom of same is situated a tension roller, under which the endless
bands pass, and thence through a series of pairs of small rollers, called "rabbling
rollers" which are mounted in bearings in vertical guides attached to each side
of the vessel. Each pair of these rabbling rollers has a vertical reciprocatory
motion imparted thereto by means of cams or eccentrics and connecting rods.
Each pair of these rollers is pressed together by springs or other means and as the
endless bands, together with the hanks, pass through same, the reciprocatory
motion given to the said rollers "rabbles" the endless bands or fabrics and hanks
and thus frees the hanks from any impurities and effectually cleanses them from
the scouring liquor.
At the rear end of this second vessel is another teusion roller, around which
the endless bands pass, and thence to a pair of squeezing rollers, similar to the
pair at the end of the first tank or cistern and similarly provided with a sheet
of indiarubber, felt, canvas, or suitable material, for squeezing the hanks and
freeing them from moisture. After leaving these squeezing rollers, the upper
set of endless bands, network, or fabric, pass over a tension pulley and back over
the tanks or cisterns, returning to the receiving rollers again and the bottom
set, pass around more tension pulleys, and return underneath the machine to
the breast roller, or if desirable the said two sets of endless bands or fabrics and

page_text: hanks may pass through more tanks or cisterns in order that the hanks may
undergo further processes.
In order to keep the hanks in a suitable stretched condition during the process,
the pitch of the grooves of the various rollers in the first tank or cistern, gradu-
ally increases from the breast roller to the first pair of squeezing rollers, thus the
series of bands are widened out transversely, consequently the hanks are
gradually stretched until they reach the first pair of squeezing rollers where the
stretching ceases.
The pitch of the grooves in the various rollers, may be varied to suit the
different qualities of the fibres or fibrous materials being dealt with.
Fingers or guides may be provided at the feeding and delivery ends of the
machine and also if found necessary at intermediate positions therein, for main-
taining the endless bands, network, or fabrics in their proper positions.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is longitudinal elevation of an improved washing and scouring
machine;
Fig. 2 is plan view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is longitudinal sectional elevation taken on line a, b, of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is transverse sectional elevation taken on line c, d, of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is transverse sectional elevation taken on line e, f, of Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is sectional elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the right hand end of
Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is transverse section taken on line g, h, of Fig. 6, shewing the manner
in which the hanks are held between the endless carrying ropes;
Fig. 8 is elevation of the eccentric for actuating the "rabbling" rollers in the
washing off cistern of the machine; and
Fig. 9 is part sectional side elevation taken on line j, j, of Fig. 8.
Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the framing of the machine, and 2
and 3 two tanks or cisterns into which the machine is divided, the first tank 2
containing the washing or scouring liquor for the washing or scouring of the
fibres or fibrous substances passed through the machine, and the second tank 3
containing water or liquid for washing off purposes subsequent to the treatment
received in the tank or cistern 2.
At the feeding end of the first tank 2 and a little in advance thereof, we mount
in bearings in the framework a breast roller 4 and just within the inside front
end of the tank, we mount in adjustable bearings in the framework a pair of
grooved rollers 5 and 6 which we term receiving rollers, the roller 5 being
driven by bevel wheels 7 from a longitudinal shaft 8 supported in bearings or
brackets 9 and receiving motion through the double purchase gearing 10 from
the main driving shaft 11 which is provided with fast and loose pulleys 12
and 13. The roller 6 is driven from roller 5 by spur gears 14 secured on the
opposite ends of their respective shafts. The grooves formed in the roller 5
are made to receive two sets of endless cords or ropes 16 and 17 respectively,
which pass thereto from the breast roller 4 and from the upper receiving
roller 6 which latter roller and also the breast roller 4 have only half the number
of grooves possessed by roller 5, the two series of ropes or cords entering into
alternate grooves in the roller 5 and travelling through the machine side by
side in the form of an endless travelling apron, carrier, or support, for the con-
veyance through the machine of the material or fibres to be scoured and treated
therein.
"
At suitable distances apart within the tank or cistern 2 and near the bottom
thereof are a series of rollers 18 either of the "lantern type, that is to say,
having longitudinal slits or openings in their perpheries to allow the liquor in
the vessel to circulate freely, through the fibres or hanks passing around same:
or having their perpheries made up of cross bars or rode whose opposite ends are
driven tightly into sockets in metal discs or plates as shewn in the drawings,
this construction of roller being preferred for fully exposing the fibres to the

page_text: liquor as they travel round with the said rollers. These rollers 18 are journalled
at each end in bearings in levers 19 mounted and secured on cross rods or
shafts 20 journalled in bearings in brackets 21 bolted to the upper sides of the
framework 1 and have a vibratory or oscillatory motion imparted to them in
alternate pairs by eccentrics 22 and 23 secured at opposite centres on a short
stud shaft 24 which is driven by the series of bevels 25 from the longitudinal
shaft 8. These eccentrics 22 and 23 are surrounded by metal straps which are
connected by rods 26 and 27 to the hinged ends of brackets 28 and 29, attached
to the lower ends of the two nearest levers of the series of levers 30 secured on
the outer ends of the cross rods or shafts 20, these levers in turn being coupled
or connected by rods 31 and 32 to alternate levers of the remaining levers 30.
When the eccentrics 22 and 23 turn with the shaft 24 the pairs of rollers 18 are
oscillated bodily about the centres 20 in opposite directions, the direction of
vibratory motion of each roller being the reverse of its adjacent roller or rollers
whereby the liquor in the tank is kept constantly in a state of agitation and en-
sures a thorough penetration of same to the fibres and equal action thereon as
they are carried through the tank. Centrally of the space between each roller 18
and at the top of the tank 2, or above the liquor or sud level, are rollers 33 of
similar construction to the rollers 18, these rollers 33 being free to turn or
revolve only in bearings in brackets 34 bolted to the upper sides of the frame-
work 1. At the rear end of the tank or cistern 2 is a pair of nipping or squeezing
rollers 35 and 36, the former mounted in bearings in the framework 1 and the
upper roller 36 being mounted in bearings in sliding blocks 37 fitting in
vertical slides 38 in the framework 1 and having pressure imparted thereto, and
such pressure adjusted to suit requirements, by hand wheel and screw 39 through
the strong confined spring 40, shewn clearly in section at the right hand of
Fig. 4. The bottom roller 35 is grooved to correspond with the roller 5 at the
feeding end of the machine, but the top roller 36 has a plain perphery, and there
passes around same an endless sheet or belt 41 of india-rubber, felt, canvas, or
the like, which also passes around a small roller 42 journalled in bearings in
sliding blocks 43 resting in slides 44 in the framework 1 and adjustable laterally
therein by means of hand wheels and screws 45 to tighten or slacken said endless
sheet. The roller 35 is driven by bevel wheels 46 from the longitudinal shaft 8
and the roller 36 is driven from the roller 35 by spur gearing 47 secured on the
opposite ends of their respective shafts. In the second tank or cistern 3 near to
each end thereof, and below the water level, are tension rollers 48 and 49 (see
Fig. 3) of the same description as the rollers 18 and 33 in the tank 2 previously
described, these said rollers being carried by levers or arms 50 and 51, secured
on cross rods or shafts 52 and 53, journalled in bearings in brackets 54 and 55,
attached to the framing of the machine.
The rollers are moveable bodily about the centres 52 and 53 in one direction
viz. with the tension or pull of the ropes or cords 16 and 17 against the re-
sistance to compression of strong spiral springs 56 surrounding spindler 57
connected to levers 58 fast on the cross rods or shafts 52 and 53 and confined
between collars or plates 59, on the lower ends of said rods or spindles 57; and
brackets 60 bolted to the side of the framework of tank 3. Located in suitable
positions intermediate of the tension rollers 48 and 49, and near the bottom of
tank 3, are two pairs of small hollow metal "rabbling" rollers 61 and 62 re-
spectively, which are carried by depending arms 63 and 64, secured at their
upper ends to metal straps surrounding eccentrics 65 and 66, set at opposite
centres and keyed on cross shafts 67 and 68, journalled in bearings in brackets 69
and 70 bolted to the top of the framework 1. The arms 63 and 64 are con-
nected at their extremities to sliding blocks 71 and 72 adapted to slide vertically
in ways or guides 73 and 74 secured on the inner walls of the tank. The
shafts 67 and 68 are driven by pairs of bevel wheels 75 and 76 from the longi-
tudinal shaft 8, the revolution of the eccentrics 65 and 66 imparting a vertical
reciprocatory motion to the two pairs of "rabbling" rollers 61 and 62, the motion

page_text: of one pair being always in an opposite direction to the motion of the other pair
so that the water in the tank 3 is kept in constant agitation. The rollers 61
and 62 are or may be pressed together by springs or other equivalent devices.
At the rear upper end of the second tank 3 (the delivery end thereof) is a
second pair of nipping or squeezing rollers 77 and 78, similar to the pair at
the rear end of the first tank or cistern 2, the lower roller 77 being grooved to
correspond with the rollers and 35, while the upper roller 78 has a plain
periphery and is mounted in bearings in sliding blocks 79 engaging in vertical
slides 80 in the framework, pressure being imparted to said roller as required
by means of hand wheels and screws 81 through springs 82. An endless
sheet 83 passes around the roller 78 and around a small roller 84 journalled in
bearings in sliding blocks 85 resting in slides 86 and adjustable laterally by
hand wheels and screws 87 to tighten or slacken the endless sheet.
The roller 77 is driven by bevels 88 from the longitudinal shaft 8 and the
roller 78 is driven from the roller 77 by spur gearing 89 secured on the opposite
ends of their respective shafts.
To the rear of, and a little above, the roller 78 is a guide roller 90 journalled
in bearings in sliding blocks 90 which rest in slides 91 in the framework and
are adapted to be adjusted laterally therein by hand wheels and screws 92. This
said guide roller 90 is provided with only half the number of grooves cut in the
bottom rollers 5, 35, and 77, and corresponds to the grooved receiving roller 6
at the feeding end of the machine. On the outside of, and at the bottom of
the delivery end of the machine, and also at the feeding end thereof, are mounted
in suitable bearings, grooved rollers 93 and 94, the latter being adjustable by
means of hand wheels and screws 95. There are only half the number of grooves
in said rollers 93 and 94 that there are in rollers 5, 35, and 77, and the position
of these grooves is intermediate or alternate of the grooves in the rollers 6 and 90
and lineable with the grooves in the breast roller 4. The action of the machine
is as follows:
The hanks or skeins of yarn or slubbing to be washed and scoured and then
cleansed are laid by the workman one after the other in a straight condition
upon the series of endless ropes or cords 16 as they travel from the breast
roller 4 to the receiving roller 5, as indicated by letter A in Figs. 3 and 6,
and they are carried forward by said series of ropes to and between the receiving
rollers 5 and 6 at which point the second series of endless ropes or cords 17
join the first series and thus embrace each hank between them in the manner
indicated at B in Figs. 3 and 4 and 6, and as illustrated in cross section at
Fig. 7, the cords covering very little of the yarn and therefore giving the fullest
exposure of yarn to the liquids. The hanks, now firmly held between the two
series of endless ropes or straps, travel forward therewith from the receiving
rollers 5, and 6, into the scouring liquor in tank 2, passing alternately under
and over the several rollers 18 and 33 up and down, through the tank 2 as
fully illustrated and thereby being fully exposed to the action of such liquor
in their traverse from the front end to the rear of the tank, the dirt and foreign
matters or bodies being loosened and removed and the scouring of the fibres
materially assisted by the agitation and wash of the liquor created by the oscil-
latory movement of the rollers 18. After passing around the last of the rollers 18
the ropes 16 and 17 with the hanks between them travel upwards and pass
between the squeezing rollers 35 and 36 where the excess liquor with which the
hanks are impregnated is squeezed out and runs back into the tunk 2. On leav
ing the squeezing rollers 35 and 36 the endless ropes enter the tank 3 travelling
around the tension roller 48, then between the two pairs of "rabbling" rollers 61
and 62 whose vertical reciprocatory motion gives a circulating action to the
water and creates a wash which assists in washing off any impurities still
adhering to the fibres and cleanses same of the scouring agent remaining in the
fibres. The endless ropes 16 and 17 finally pass round the tension roller 49
and then between the squeezing rollers 77 and 78 which express all the moisture

page_text: possible out of them. In leaving the "nip" of the said squeezing rollers 77
and 78 the two series of ropes or cords separate, the series of ropes 16 passing
down in an angular direction to the grooved roller 93 which guides same under-
neath the machine to the grooved roller 94 at the feeding end of the machine,
which in turn guides them back to the breast roller 4 whence they again pass
direct to the receiving roller 5; and the second series of ropes 17 passing up
and round the grooved roller 90 and back, above the machine, to the receiving
roller 6, the paths of the two series of ropes being clearly shewn in Fig. 3 and
the direction of their traverse indicated by the arrows.
When the two series of ropes separate on leaving the squeezing rollers 77
and 78 the hanks or skeins travel down with the ropes 16 and are removed there-
from by the workman, before reaching the roller 93; or, if not removed by the
workman, the curved fingers 96 protruding between the several ropes, clear the
hanks from adherence therewith whereby they may be allowd to fall to the floor
or into a receptacle placed to receive them. The fingers 96 act also to main-
tain the ropes 16 lineable with their corresponding grooves in the rollers, and
for a like purpose other fingers 97 (Fig. 1) and 98 (Fig. 4) are employed. These
fingers may be fixed in any suitable and convenient position on the machine and
additional rows of them employed if necessary. By the means above described
the scouring and subsequent washing off processes in scouring and cleansing
hanks or skeins of fibre are successively performed at one operation and in once
passing through the machine whereby labour and time are saved, the processes
expedited, and better results obtained than by the present method. The hanks
or skeins are delivered from the machine in the same straight condition in which
they entered it and the method of conveying them between two sets of endless
cords prevents the fibres from becoming entangled or knotted. In order, if
desired, to keep the hanks in a suitable stretched condition during the process
of scouring, the pitch of the grooves on the roller 35 may be slightly wider
apart then the pitch of the grooves on roller 5 so that the ropes or cords 16 and 17
will widen out or diverge from each other and gradually stretch the hanks in
passing through tank 2 until they reach the squeezing roller 35 and 36 when
the stretching ceases.
The metal straps surrounding the eccentrics 65 and 66 are provided on each
inner side with annular channels 99 (see Fig. 9) to catch the lubricant falling
from the eccentrics and prevent it dropping into the water bath, small holes 100
being bored from same communicating with a chamber 101 formed in the base
of the lower part of the strap to conduct the escaped lubricant from the
channels 99 into said chamber. The chamber can be emptied from time to time
by removing the screwed plug 102.
Although we prefer to employ endless twisted wire ropes or hempen ropes
or cords, endless fabrics or network could be used instead thereof, providing
same were of a sufficiently open or reticulated texture to allow of the fullest
exposure of the fibres held between them to the liquor.
Each tank is provided with steam pipes 103 for heating the scouring and
water baths, and with pipes 104 for supplying water thereto. The pipes 104
may be coupled together in any ordinary manner for admitting the slightly
impure water in tank 3 being charged into tank 2 on the latter being emptied
of the dirty liquor, the tank 3 being then filled with a fresh supply of clean
water.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which this invention refers
that the number of the several rollers for guiding the endless ropes through the
two tanks may, for special purposes or for differences of treatment of the fibres,
or other similar reasons, be increased or reduced to suit requirements and that,
if it be necessary to repeat the processes or to follow the treatment described
with subsequent analagous treatment of the fibres which it may be desirable
they should be passed through before finally emerging from the machine, we may

page_text: combine with the two cisterns or tanks an additional tank or tanks fitted with a
similar complement of rollers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
(1) In machines for washing or scouring, cleansing, and mordanting hanks
or skeins of yarn or fibrous substances, a double set or series of endless ropes
or cords 16 and 17 or equivalent carriers arranged to meet at the feeding end
of the machine with the cords in one series alternating with the cords of the
other series and to travel together side by side around a series of guide rollers
through separate tanks for washing and scouring and for washing off or
cleansing and mordanting purposes and to receive and hold between them the
hanks or skeins of yarn or fibrous substances fed thereto for conveyance through
the said tanks and between pairs of nipping or squeezing rollers, substantially
as herein shewn and set forth.
(2) In a machine for washing, or scouring and washing off or cleansing, and
mordanting hanks of yarn or fibrous substances the combination, with a tank or
tanks or cisterns and a series of guide rollers, of two separate series of endless
ropes or cords 16 and 17 or equivalent carriers, meeting each other at the
feeding end of the machine and embracing or inclosing the fibres fed thereto
and holding them firmly in their traverse through the machine, the said series
of ropes or cords taking into alternate grooves in the lower receiving roller and
the bottom rollers of the pairs of squeezing rollers at the rear ends of each tank,
and separating at the last pair of squeezing rollers and passing around separate
grooved guiding rollers which guide the ropes back to the feeding end of the
machine, the said pairs of squeezing rollers, the series of "lantern" or skeleton
oscillatory rollers 18, means for imparting oscillatory motion to said rollers,
the tension and "rabbling" rollers located in the second tank or washing off
cistern, said "rabbling" rollers having a vertical reciprocatory motion imparted
thereto by eccentrics 65 and 66, and the means for giving motion to the several
parts for traversing the endless ropes through the machine, substantially as
set forth.
(3) In machines for washing, or scouring and cleansing hanks or skeins of
yarn or slubbing, the combination, with two endless series or sets of ropes or
cords or carriers for inclosing the yarn, the series of rollers for guiding same
through the tanks or cisterns and then back again outside the machine along
separate paths to the receiving rollers, of endless sheets of indiarubber or like
flexible material passing around the upper rollers of each pair of squeezing
rollers and around small laterally adjustable rollers, and the means for impart-
ing pressure to said upper squeezing rollers substantially as set forth.
(4) In washing, cleansing, scouring, or mordanting machines of the kind
described, the combination with a series of guide rollers and two endless carriers
passing over the said rollers and enclosing the yarn, of fingers 96 for detaching
the hanks or fibres from adherence with the endless carriers and of like fingers
for maintaining the endless travelling ropes in each series in their true paths,
substantially as set forth.
(5) The combmination with eccentrics operating on or working within metal
straps surrounding same, of annular channels formed in the projecting edges
of the metal strap to collect lubricant dropping from the eccentric and convey
it to a chamber in the base of the strap to prevent waste of same and the con-
tamination of the water in the tank, substantially as set forth and shewn in
Figs. 8 and 9.
(6) In machines for washing, cleansing, and scouring or mordanting fabrics
or fibres, the employment of two sets of endless travelling rones or cords 16
and 17, which run in grooves in the rollers 5 and 35, the grooves in roller 35

page_text: being further apart than the grooves in roller 5, whereby the said cords diverge
and thus stretch the hanks or fibres lying therebetween as described herein.
(7) The general arrangement, construction, and combination of the several
parts and means for operating same, comprising the herein described machine
for washing, scouring, and cleansing or mordanting fibres or fibrous substances,
substantially as set forth.
171 1
1000
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Patent Agents, Halifax, Agents for Applicants.