Improvements in Planes or Appliances for Producing Channels in Wood and other Materials.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 4th Oct., 1900-Accepted, 4th Dec., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Planes or Appliances for Producing Channels in
Wood and other Materials.
We, ROBERT BOUGHTON, of 87, Rosendale Road, West Dulwich, in the County
of London, Architect, and JAMES EDWARD SMITHI, of 91, Rosendale Road, West
Dulwich, in the County of London, Estate Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:
The object of our invention is to produce channels, grooves, or throats (gener-
ally of a semicircular or segmental form in cross section) in wood or other
material, without the usual waste of the said wood or other material in the form
of chips or shavings; but rather to remove such material as is necessary to form
the required channels, grooves, or throats, in one single strip or piece.
It is our belief that this saving of material (particularly in the case of the
valuable or "hard" woods) will be a readily acknowledged improvement on the
ordinary planes and ploughs, with which the desired channels etc. have to be
produced by the removal of material in the form of shavings, which are com-
paratively useless; besides entailing a larger expenditure of energy and time
than is necessary with our improved planes or appliances.
The object of our invention we generally achieve by forming the cutter of
the improved planes etc. of a similar form (generally semicircular or segmental
in cross section) to that of the required channels etc. which it is desired to pro-
duce, and provided with a narrow cutting edge, and so mounted on a body or
carrier of such form, that it may be caused to gradually revolve and form a narrow
cut or chase of the required sectional form.
The plane or appliance would, of course, be caused to traverse the wood or
other material in which channel is to be formed, after the manner adopted with
ordinary planes; the chief difference between our improved planes or appliances,
and the ordinary tools, being that in the former the channets etc. are formed by
the removal of a stick or useful solid length of the wood or other material; whilst
in the latter the channels etc. are formed by the removal of the material in the
form of comparatively useless shavings, with great waste of energy and time.
To further ellucidate the principle of our improved planes or appliances it
may be stated that an idea of the construction may be gained by taking a semi-
cylindrical figure; covering this with a semicylindrical sheet of metal provided
with a cutting edge on one of its four corners, and causing this semicylindrical
sheet of metal to revolve over the semicylindrical figure, and gradually form
(by the removal of narrow shavings) a semicylindrical chase or cut in the wood or
other material, and freeing from the bulk of the substance a semicylindrical
stick or solid length of utilizable material.
Dated this Second day of December in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred
and ninety nine.

page_text: "
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Planes or Appliances for Producing Channels in
Wood and other Materials.
We, ROBERT BOUGHTON, of 87, Rosendale Road, West Dulwich, in the County
of London, Architect, and JAMES EDWARD SMITH, of 91, Rosendale Road, West
Dulwich, in the County of London, Estate Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of our invention is to produce channels, grooves, or throats (gener-
ally of a semicircular or segmental form in cross section) in wood or other
material, without the usual waste of the said wood or other material in the form
of chips or shavings; but rather to remove such material as is necessary to form
the required channels, grooves, or throats, in one single strip or piece. It is our
belief that this saving of material (particularly in the case of the valuable or
hard" woods) will be a readily acknowledged improvement on the ordinary
ploughs, or planes, with which the desired channels etc. have to be produced by
the removal of material in the form of shavings or dust, which are comparatively
useless, besides entailing a larger expenditure of energy and time than is necessary
with our "improved planes or appliances." The object of our invention we
generally achieve by forming the cutter of the improved "planes or appliances'
of a similar form (generally semicircular or segmental in cross section) to that of
the required channels etc. which it is desired to produce and provided with
either a single narrow cutting edge, or series of narrow cutting edges after the
fashion of a saw (and with or without a body or carrier at option) and of such
form that it may be caused to gradually enter the wood or other material by
being pressed round by means of a metal knob or other projection (marked H on
Figs. 3 and 4) situated on the back or outer surface of such carrier.
66
"
"
The thickness of shaving, or feed," would be regulated by the provision of
a small moveable piece of metal (indicated by letter G on Figs. 3 and 4) situated
behind and beneath the cutting edge, marked E on Figs. 3 and 4; the projection
of such small moveable piece of metal being regulated by means of a screw. The
plane or appliance" would, of course, be caused to traverse the wood or other
material in which channel is to be formed, after the manner adopted with ordinary
planes; the chief difference between our improved planes or appliances and the
ordinary tools being that in the former the channels etc. are formed by the
removal of a stick or solid length of valuable material; whilst in the latter the
channels etc. are formed by the removal of the material in the form of shavings
with great waste of material, energy and time. To further elucidate the
principle of our improved planes or appliances it may he stated that an idea of
the construction may be gained by taking a semicylindrical figure; covering this
with a semicylindrical sheet of metal provided with a cutting edge on one of its
four corners, and causing this semicylindrical sheet of metal to revolve over the
semicylindrical figure and gradually form (by the removal of narrow shavings
or dust) a semicylindrical chase or groove in the wood or other material, and
freeing from the bulk of the substance a semicylindrical stick or solid length
of utilizable material; it of course being understood that the before-described
figure with its covering sheet of metal with cutting edge would be traversed from
end to end of the material being worked upon, in the manner of an ordinary
plane; the sheet of metal with its cutting edge being revolved from time to time
to a sufficient extent to remove a shaving or dust and thus, eventually, form the
narrow chase or cut before described.
In the majority of cases the complete semicircular chase would be formed by

page_text: 5
he rotation of the cutter to the extent of a quarter circle whilst propelling the
ool in one direction, and then revolving the cutter to a similar extent whilst
ropelling the tool in an opposite direction; the semicircular cutter thus remain-
ng one half at least out of the material operated upon and in the case of its use
n conjunction with a carrier one half at least would remain steadily engaged
n the grooved ends of such carrier and be thereby guided; in both cases the
complete semicircular chase being formed in two halves; first the right hand
half; then the left.
We attain the object of our invention by forming a semicylindrical sheet of
and 4) of
metal, (marked C on Fig. 3) with a cutting edge (marked E on Figs.
steel formed or attached on one of its corners; the removal of a portion of the
said semicylindrical cutter sheet as indicated forming an inclined surface for
readily freeing the chase or groove from shavings.
For the purpose of more readily and accurately guiding the entry of semi-
cylindrical sheet of metal into wood or other substance we occasionally mount it
in a carrier or body (marked D on Fig. 4) of cast iron or other metal; the cutter
being retained within the same by being housed into, and moving freely in,
semicylindrical grooves at each end.
"feed of the cutter by providing
a small piece of moveable metal (marked G on Figs. 3 and 4) just beneath and
behind the cutting edge (marked E on Figs. 3 and 4) and regulated by means
We regulate the thickness of shaving or
of a screw.
The cutter, either when used separately or with carrier, would be provided with
a small knob or other projection (marked H on Figs. 3 and 4) on back or outside,
for the purpose of being more readily grasped by the hand and forced into the
material being worked upon.
"
power
For the rapid formation of the semicircular grooves or chases where "
is available we occasionally form the cutter with a multiplicity of cutting edges
as indicated by letter E on Fig. 6; portions of metal between such cutting edges
being removed to form the required inclined surfaces for freeing the shavings
formed by each cutting edge.
For the purpose of forming short semicircular channels we occasionally form
"teeth" somewhat after
the semicircular cutter with a series of cutting edges or
the fashion of a saw; all as indicated by Fig. 5.
In Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the letter A represents material in which channel is to
be formed; B, the piece of material removed or to be removed; and F, the
narrow groove or chase formed by cutter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
-
(1) The formation of plane irons, cutters, or saws, of such curved shape as
shall (by being passed backwards and forwards over any given substance) form
a narrow groove or cut (somewhat like-a saw cut) of curved form in cross section
or at right angles to that in which the said plane iron, cutter, or saw, is traversed.
(2) The formation of plane irons, cutters, cr saws, of such curved shape;
mounted on a body or carrier of such form as shall, conjointly, be used after the
manner and for such purposes as have been herein before described.
Dated this Third day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand nine
ROBERT BOUGHTON,
87, Rosendale Road, West Dulwich, S.E.
JAMES EDWARD SMITH,
91, Rosendale Road, West Dulwich, S.E.