Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 6th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Oct., 1888
I, MARGARET GRIMSTON of Harley Street London in the County of Middlesex,
Actress, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Candle, and lamp shades, are ordinarily made of paper, cardboard, and other
inflammable materials, which are rendered highly dangerous, in consequence of being
used in close proximity to the flame of a candle, or to the flame of a gas or other
lamp.
The principal object of my invention, is to prevent the possibility of such shades,
taking fire, and this I do, by making them of sheet metal, shaped, pierced and
ornamented, as may be desired.
In carrying out my invention, I take a blank of thin sheet ductile metal, or an alloy
of metal, and while in the flat state, the same is ornamentally pierced. This
ornamentally pierced blank, is then by a shaping, or spinning process, fashioned into
a shade or globe, with the lower edging if necessary, scolloped, ornamented, or rolled
into a beading.
The sheet metal shade may be shaped first, before being pierced, or ornamentally
cut out. In this case, the piercings are made by successive operations.
Or instead of making the shade from sheet metal, I make it from wire, or strips
of sheet metal, plaited, woven or otherwise fabricated, with intervening ornamental
spaces, between the metallic parts.
If necessary, the shades may be made pyramidal or other form, and put together in
segments.
The ornamentally pierced or open-worked metallic shade as aforesaid, is lined with
a thin transparent material, such as silk, tissue paper or the like; so that when the
shade is in use, the emitted rays of light, pass like streamers, through the transparent
lining, and through the ornamental piercings of the metallic part, thereby giving a
highly ornamental and novel effect.
n
3 ALL
T
11007
MARGARET GRIMSTON.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: I, MARGARET GRIMSTON of Harley Street, London in the County of Middlesex,
Actress, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Candle and lamp open bottomed shades are usually made up of paper, cardboard
and other combustible materials, and with the top and bottom thereof, protected by
metallic edgings, and in consequence of the inflammable materials being used in close
proximity to the flame of a candle or lamp, they become highly dangerous.
The principal object of this invention is to prevent the possibility of such shades
taking fire, by making them of thin sheet metal, pierced, shaped and ornamented as
may be desired, and with a lining or inside covering of paper, silk or other semi-
transparent material.
The said invention is an improvement upon an invention for which Letters Patent
were granted to Francis Barker and Henry Metcalfe Nuthall dated the 31st day of
October 1887, and numbered 14806.
In carrying out this invention, a blank of thin sheet ductile metal or alloy is taken,
ornamentally pierced, and then subsequently shaped or fashioned into an open bottomed
shade.
Instead of making the shade from a blank of steel metal, I make it from broad
wire, or flat strips of sheet metal, plaited, woven or otherwise fabricated into a shade,
and between the intervening spaces of the plaitings or crossings, light outwardly
passes.
The fashioned shade as aforesaid, or the piercings thereof, is lined or are inside
covered, with a thin transparent or semi-transparent material, such as silk, tissue
paper or the like, and when in use, the emitted rays of light from a candle or lamp,
pass through the lining, and from thence outwardly through the piercings of the
inetallic part, thereby imparting a highly ornamental and novel effect, besides being
anti-combustible.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents an incombustible candle
shade made according to my invention. Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same,
exhibiting the open top and bottom, the outwardly directed piercings through the
metallic shell of the shade, and the semi-transparent colored lining, covering the said
piercings.
Figure 3 shows another form of my invention; in which the shade it is made conical
instead of. hemispherical.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1, 2 and 3.
a is a shade or metallic shell, open at both top and bottom, and 6 are all-through
ornamental piercings or holes, covered over on the inside by a lining c of paper, silk
or other transparent or semi-transparent material.
Figure 4 represents another form of my invention, made up of plaited strips of
thin sheet metal, so arranged, as to leave intervening spaces between the junctions of
the opposite edges of the contiguous or adjacent strips.
a is the shade made as aforesaid, b are intervening spaces or holes, which are covered

page_text: on the inside of the shade, with a lining of paper or other transparent or semi-
transparent substances c, through which light can pass. d is a top metallic edging or
clip, and e is a bottom edging.
Figure 5 represent partly in elevation, and partly in section, and figure 6 a top side
plan, with some parts broken away, a candle shade, constructed according to another
form of my invention. It will be seen that the said shade is pyramidal in form, and
is built up of a series of pierced plates, connected together by clips.
a is the shade, a² are metallic plates with piercings b, c is a paper or other lining to
the shade, and an inside covering to the piercings. fare metallic clips, for securing
the sides together, d is a top edging, circular in the inside, and hexagonal on the
outside.
Figure 7 represents another form of my invention, which is made up of a series
of concentric and overhanging conical rings, connected together, so as to form a
shade, and with annular spaces left between the outside top of the one, and the
inside bottom of the other, wherethrough the rays of light from the candle or
lamp, pass.
a is the shade, a² are conical rings, connected one to the other, by ears or narrow
equi-distant extensions of the one, taking into piercings in the other, and there
clenched or turned over-a³ are the said ears or extensions, and a are the piercings.
When in use, the rays of light pass downwardly through the spaces a³, left
between the outside top of the one, and the inside bottom of the other of the rings.
Figure 8 represents a cowled pierced shade made according to my invention.
a is the shade, a² are pierced shutter like coverings, connected to the shade by
one side; are the piercings from which the cowls a² are cut and raised, c is an
inside paper lining to the shade, and covering to the holes or piercings b.
Instead of the shades being lined upon the inside, they may be covered upon the
outside, with a decorated paper or silk covering.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First An incombustible candle or lamp shade, consisting of a pierced sheet
metal hemispherical or conical shell, open at top and bottom, and lined with, or
the piercings covered by, colored or other paper, silk or other transparent or
semi-transparent substance, substantially as described and set forth in figures 1, 2
and 3.
Secondly Forming incombustible candle or lamp shades, from strips or lengths
of metal, plaited or fabricated together, with intervening spaces left between the said
plaitings, wherethrough light outwardly passes from the inside, whose inner surface
is lined with paper or other transparent semi-transparent substance, as set forth in
figure 4.
Thirdly-The construction of incombustible candle or lamp shades, as herein
described and set forth in figures 5 and 6.
-
Fourthly An incombustible lamp shade, consisting of a series of connected
together overhanging conical rings, with annular spaces left between the outside
tops, and inside bottoms respectively, as set forth in figure 7.
Lastly An incombustible candle or lamp shade, with outside hooded piercings,
and inside linings, substantially as set forth in figure 8.
Dated this First day of Santamban 1000