IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Muir Hetherington, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, and James Gee, of the same Place,
Draftsman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS FOR PREPARING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING."
Sealed the 17th March 1857, and dated the 17th September 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Muir Hetherington
and James Gee at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th September 1856.
We, JOHN MUIR HETHERINGTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, and JAMES GEE, of the same place, Draftsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS FOR PREPARING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING," to be as follows:-
In order to
Our Invention relates to such flyers as are constructed with single or double
pressers, and consists, firstly, in gaining the required pressure by means of an
inclined plane or planes resisted by a weight, or by elastic force.
explain this principle, we will suppose the presser mounted so as turn on
the flyer leg, and furnished at that part with a boss, having an inclined plane.
This acts against a similar portion formed upon a tube, also mounted on the
flyer leg, but prevented from moving around it by a suitable rib; the said tube
therefore becomes a weight capable of forcing the presser in contact with the
bobbin, but of moving upward by the action of the inclines, so as to provide

page_text: for the outward motion of the presser as the bobbin increases in diameter.
For the weight of the tube a spring may be substituted, or the two agents may
be combined. Also this part of our Invention may be combined with that
construction of apparatus known as the "centrifugal flyer," and by such an
arrangement we can so form the incline constituting the resistence, that the
pressure thereof shall increase as that derived from centrifugal force decreases.
Another part of our Invention refers specially to the "centrifugal flyer," and
consists in adapting an additional weight to the other leg, the two apparatus
being connected together by a cross rod, by which means we can cause such
additional weight to increase in effect as the other decreases.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Muir Hetherington and James Gee in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 17th March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
MUIR HETHERINGTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
aud JAMES GEE, of the same place, Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Muir Hetherington and James Gee, Her especial license that we,
the said John Muir Hetherington and James Gee, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, said John Muir Hetherington and
James Gee, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLYERS
FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES FOR SPINNING," upon the
condition, amongst others, that we, the said John Muir Hetherington, and
Janes Gee, or one of us, by an instrument under our hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and caused the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said James Gee, do hereby declare the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates to such flyers as are constructed with single or double
pressers, and consists in gaining the required pressure by means of an inclined
plane or planes, resisted by a weight or by elastic force, which improvement we
also combine with flyers upon the centrifugal principle. Another part of our
Invention, according to our Provisional Specification, consisted in adapting an
additional weight to centrifugal flyers, the two being connected together by a
cross rod; but since the filing thereof we have discovbed that the same is not
new, and therefore lay no claim thereto.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents a method by which our
Invention may be carried out, a single presser flyer being in this case supposed.
Upon the leg a of the flyer is mounted a rod b, the upper part c of which
passes partly around it. The lower end is also adapted in a similar manner at
d, beneath which is a prolongation, the edge e of which is formed as an inclined
plane; the presser finger is shewn at f, mounted so as to turn, as usual, upon
the leg of the flyer, but its boss is provided with an elongation g, upon the top
of which the incline e rests, with a force according to the weight of the rod b,
and this may be varied at pleasure by adding to the weight of the said rod.
As the bobbin fills, the presser finger moves out as usual, and thus causes the
part g to act constantly against the incline e, the rod 6 rising upon the leg of the
flyer, but maintaining an uniform resistance for effecting the required pressure.
In order to prevent the rod b from turning around the leg, there is a fixed
rib h thereon, against which it slides. Instead of the foregoing arrangement,
we can gain the required pressure by employing a coiled spring, or other elastic
force, which by acting upon the incline e will constitute the necessary
resistance; or the two methods may be combined.
Fig. 2 represents a method of applying our Invention to a flyer upon the
"centrifugal" principle. The centrifugal weight is shewn at i, its upper end
being mounted upon the leg at k, and its lower end being partly turned around
it at 7. At this portion thereof is a projecting pin m passing upward through
a boss n attached to the flyer leg, the said pin being then riveted on the top.
This boss and pin therefore constitute a bearing for carrying the centrifugal
weight. The part k is provided with a projecting piece o, which acts against
an incline q formed upon a weight r mounted so as to be capable of sliding
upward and downward upon the leg, but prevented from turning thereon by
a feather s. The action of this incline, as in the former case, constitutes a

page_text: resistance to the outward motion of the presser finger, and by shaping the
incline, so that its action will gradually increase as it is moved upward, we can
obtain an increasing pressure therefrom, as that from the centrifugal weight
decreases. We have shewn our Invention as applied to single pressure flyers,
but the arrangement will of course be the same when applied to double
pressures.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention, we
desire it to be understood that we claim as secured to us under the above in
part recited Letters Patent the employment of an inclined plane or planes for
gaining pressure in presser flyers, and acting in conjunction with weights, or
with elastic force or combination thereof; also we claim the combination of
the same with that arrangement known as the centrifugal flyer; also we claim
the method shewn at Fig. 2 of mounting the centrifugal weight.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Gee, have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Sixteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
TTY
TATE P