matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 15th May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, EUGEN HERRMANN, Merchant, of 240 Kaiser Friedrich Strasse, Rixdorf, in
the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a new method and means for covering pneumatic wheel
tyres and has for its object to provide a tyre made of rubber which shall have great
resistance such as to exclude practically all possibility of puncturing or cutting of
the tyre produced by pointed stones, glass, nails and the like, extending as far as
the air space. The new method consiste essentially in applying thin layers of
patent rubber" in a particular manner to the ordinary rubber tyre and it is
meant by "patent rubber" the completely pure black rubber used commercially in
hard blocks or sheets and known to the trade by that name.
"
The surface of the rubber tyre is first rubbed rough with sand paper, washed
with benzine, and coated with a solution of " para in benzine, and then dried.
Then layers (preferably three) of "patent-rubber" are applied to the tyre, in the
following manner;-Each layer separately is vulcanised cold, with chloride of
sulphur and carbon disulphide and is coated on its under side with a solution
of rubber, and then rolled out on to the under layer and then again vulcanised
on top.
All the layers need not cover the entire outer surface of the tyre; it is sufficient
if the last layers only protect the central or tread portion.
A tyre prepared according to the above described method will no doubt allow
sharp articles to penetrate but will not allow them to pierce as far as the air space
or to cut into the same, and this has been proved by experiments that have
extended over long periods of time. The cuts that may be produced can however,
be closed up again easily in a very short time. For this purpose the spot is coated
with a weak solution of " para in benzine, and is allowed to dry. It is then
pressed together with the hand, and vulcanizing material is spread once or twice
over the same. The tyre can then be ridden upon at once, even over wet ground,
without the said place coming open again. According to this process, any old and
damaged soft rubber tyre can be covered, within limits.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
The method and means for covering pneumatic tyres according to which thin
layers of so called "patent rubber" (preferably three in number) are rolled out on
to a soft rubber tyre, of the ordinary kind; and of which layers each is vulcanised
separately by cold process and is held separately by means of a rubber solution on
to the underlying layer, and is vulcanised again by cold process on top.
Dated this 16th day of Webrner 1907
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
Apparatus for Playing Fortune-telling or Question and Answer Games.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 23rd Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Playing Fortune-telling or Question and Answer
Games.
CATHERINE AUGUSTA GYLLENCREUTZ Rydal Mount, Rhyl, North Wales, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention consists of a wooden or card board, square, circular, or any other
shape, of any size painted or printed a fancy pattern on the upper surface, the
pattern forming thirty-six or any number of spaces each containing a short verse
or quotation. The board is supported upon a pedestal in the centre of which
is driven an upright stick which passes through a hole in the centre of the board,
and to which is then fastened a figure representing a clown or gypsy or the like
carrying a stick or wand pointing down to the board. There is a button attached
to the side of the board by which to spin it round, the verse or words to which the
wand points when the board ceases to rotate being supposed to refer to the fortune
of the spinner. The board may also be adapted for use in games of questions and
answers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
That the novelty consists in the figure with wand attached to the board indicating
the question or answer-or the fortune of the spinner of the board.
Dated thin 02nd day of Avoust 1907
CATHERINE AUGUSTA GYLLENCREUTZ.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 13th Mar., 1897
I, FRIEDRICH ERNST THOMAS, of The Market Place, Steinigtivolinsdorf,
Saxony, in the Empire of Germany, Master Tinker, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to a new toy which possesses the peculiarity of producing
an illusion on operation.
The new toy possesses, as is shown in perspective on the accompanying drawing,
a vane wheel B fixed on a horizontal spindle A. The spindle is fitted in a bracket a
and to its cranked extremity the arms of a flexible jointed figure C are attached.
On the wheel being operated by blowing through the tube D an illusion is produced
that the figure causes rotation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
Improvements in Fastenings for Trouser Braces and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 5th June, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fastenings for Trouser Braces and the like.
We, GEORG RILLING and JAKOB RILLING, of 16 Louisenstrasse, Frankfort-
on-the-Main, Germany, Mechanics, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a device for fastening the braces to the
trousers, which possesses the advantage over the present methods of fastening, that
no buttons are torn off and no button holes torn away. It may be mentioned also
that this device can be used for other purposes as may be desired.
In the accompanying drawing the invention is illustrated by way of example.
Figure 1, is a front view shewing the fastening for trouser braces.
Figures 2 and 3, are front and side views respectively of a portion of the
fastening.
Figures 4 and 5, are views of an alternative form of the same, and
Figures 6 and 7, are front and side views of the hook connected with the trouser
braces.
The shank or button attached to the band (a) of the trousers consists of
two circular discs (b), one of which lies or rests on each side of the trouser-band,
and which have slots (6) for the joining contrivance (c). The two discs (b) are
secured in position by means of the said contrivance (c), the shape of which
corresponds with the slots (6').
The method of securing the shank or button to the trousers is as follows:-
A slot corresponding with the external dimensions of the contrivance (c), is made
in the waistband, at the desired spot, and the said contrivance (c) is placed therein, the
discs (6) are then placed on same and the contrivance is finally clenched or riveted, or
the discs may be clenched or riveted around. If on the other hand the shank or
button as represented in Figures 4 and 5 be employed in which a disc (b) is connected
with the contrivance (c) the clenching or riveting is only necessary on one side. It
may be mentioned that the contrivance (e) can be formed of a single piece with one
of the discs (6). The hook (d) joined to the free end of the braces by means of a
bow or loop piece (d), is bent round and has at its free end a grip (d) of such a size
that it can only be placed through the contrivance (c) in the parallel position and
thus after the braces have been fastened to the waistband, prevents them from
becoming unfastened.
It may be mentioned that this device can also be used for fastening other
objects.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to he performed we declare that what we
claim is:
and
A device for fastening trouser braces and the like, consisting of two discs (b)
hook unidad
ith
and

page_text: which book is to be attached to the braces or the like, substantially as herein
set forth.
Dated the 27th day of April 1897.
W. D. ROWLINGSON,
7 Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Nitro-cellulose.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 17th June, 1897-Accepted, 17th July, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Nitro-cellulose.
I, ALARIK LIEDBECK, of 26 Sturegatan, Stockholm, Sweden, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In manufacturing nitro-cellulose by the methods now in use, the cellulose (cotton,
flax, hemp, jute, wood-fibre and the like) is treated with a mixture of acids (nitric
and sulphuric acid) in tanks, the excess of acid being subsequently removed by
centrifugal extractors and the nitrated product being washed and in some cases
ground to pulp in a beater. This method, however, suffers from the disadvantage
that, besides requiring the expenditure of considerable labour, it gives a very
uneven product, unless the cellulose be of a particularly uniform and superior
quality.
The present invention, the purpose of which is to obviate the said disadvantage
and to produce a perfectly uniform product which will readily and completely
dissolve in the usual solvents for nitro-cellulose, consists in effecting the nitration
of the cellulose simultaneously with its being ground in the beater. In order to
prevent the diffusion of vapours from the acid into the factory room, the beaters
are covered by a hood, provided with a suction-pipe; at the bottom they are
surrounded by a cooling-jacket with a view to permit of the nitration being
accomplished at the desired temperature.
In the first place the acid mixture is introduced into the beater, which is then
set in motion, the cellulose being introduced by degrees through a feeding aperture
in the hood, according as the grinding proceeds, until the whole quantity weighed
off for the process has been fed in. When the mass has acquired the fineness
desired, it is drawn off into a centrifugal extractor, in which the excess of acid
is removed, the nitro-cellulose obtained being then washed until it becomes perfectly
neutral.
The improved method above described is simple, effects a saving of labour, and
makes possible the production of a uniformly nitrated product, which, for this
reason, dissolves readily and completely in the usual solvents for nitro-cellulose,
this being a material advantage in the manufacture of explosives or other articles
in the production of which the nitro-cellulose is employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
The improved method of manufacturing nitro-cellulose, consisting in effecting.
the nitration of the cellulose, simultaneously with its being ground in a beater,
by introducing the required acid mixture into the beater before feeding the

page_text: cellulose into it, and gradually adding the cellulose, according as the grinding
proceeds, for the purpose of obtaining a uniform product.
Dated this 14th day of June 1897.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1897-Accepted, 31st July, 1897
I RICHARD HOWARD WALL of the Ashby Busk Works Hackney Road in the
County of London Busk and Tape measure Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
The object of this invention is to secure the metal plates or "long ends" to
Tailor's tape measures more firmly than heretofore and in such a manner that
the said "long ends" will not tear out of or cut through the tapes which "long
ends" fastened to tapes in the usual manner are very apt to do.
And in order that my said invention my be fully understood I will proceed to
explain the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Fig. 1. represents a portion of a Tailor's tape measure having "long end!” thereof
constructed and secured to the tape according to this invention.
Fig. 2. represents back view of the same portion of the tape.
Fig. 3. shews front elevation of "long end!"
Fig. 4. shows side view of same.
Fig. 5. shews front view of thumb plate.
Fig. 6. shews side view of same.
The same letters denote the same parts in all the l'igs.
a is the ordinary tape b the long end thereof made of any suitable size shape and
material preferably of sheet metal c is a thumb plate also of sheet metal of any
other suitable material of any suitable size and shape preferably of the shape
shewn at Figs. 1 and 5.
The end of the "long end" is turned over as shewn at Figs. 1, 3 and 4 and
both the "long end" and the thumb plate are pierced with corresponding holes dd
to receive eyelets or rivets by means of which the long end and the thumb plate
are secured to the tape.
Holes are also formed in the "long end" to receive eyelets or rivets.
In the drawing the "long end" is shewn secured to the tape by means of eyelets.
As will be seen from the drawings the end of the tape is inserted between the
turned over portion of the "long end" and the "long end" itself the thumb plate
placed on the tape and the whole secured by eyelets (or rivets) passing through
long end" tape and thumb plate securing the whole firmly together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
cinim is:-
-
1. In tape measures the combination of a metal plate or "long end" having
evelet or rivet holes therein with a metal thumb plate having eyelet or rivet holes
therein the whole being adapted to be secured to a tapo measure by means of
eyelets or rivets all substantially as herein before specified.

page_text: 2: Thumb plates for tape measures constructed and attached to the said tape
measures as shewn by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of June 1897,
T. E. HALFORD,
Furnival Street, Holborn, London, EC., Agent for Applicant.
Improvement in Wringing Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Wringing Machines.
FOLLIOTT BURRIDGE, 49, Webb's Road Laundry, Battersea Rise, Laundry Man
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
The rubber rollers to be made in short cylindrical sections placed end to end
on and removable from spindles as required.
The object of rubber rollers made in sections is when spindle gets broken the
rubber rollers can be used again, also the rubber sections can be taken off the
spindle and changed from the middle to outside to allow the sections to wear
evenly.
Dated this 15th day of October 1897
FOLLIOTT BURRIDGE, 49, Webb's Road Laundry, Battersea Rise, Laundry Man,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
The rubber rollers to be made in short cylindrical sections placed end to end,
on, and removable from spindle as required.
The object of rubber rollers made in sections is when spindle gets broken the
rubber rollers can be used again, also the rubber sections can be taken off the
spindle and changed from the middle to outside to allow the sections to wear
evenly.
For purposes of illustration I will now refer to the annexed drawings, in
which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rubber roller constructed according to my
invention.
Figure 2 perspective view of rubber section.
a are the rubber sections which are carried upon the spindle b and may be
secured thereto by means of a cap-c and nuts d.
It will be seen that in the event of one or more of the sections being damaged
they can be readily replaced by further sections of rubber, thus effecting a great
saving of rubber and greatly facilitating the renewal of the rollers.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In rubber rollers: a rubber surface formed in a desired number of sections
carried upon a spindle; caps or the like for securing the rubber sections upon 5
the said spindle, as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 28th day of July 1898.
E. EATON,
Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in Holders for Stair Rods.
Year: 1897

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Holders for Stair Rods.
I, GEORGE EDWARD SHEPHEARD, of 19, Melrose Gardens, West Kensington Park,
Actor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement: -
This invention relates to an improved holder for securing stair rods in place
and provides a simple and inexpensive device by which such rods may be rapidly
applied or removed.
The device I propose to employ for this purpose consists of a small bracket or
angle metal which is screwed or otherwise fixed in the angle of the stair and to
this base I pivot a curved arm. Behind this arm a spring is placed which forces
it out so as to meet the small nose or extension on the base.
A recess is thus
formed in which the end of the rod can be held, the rod pressing back the hinged
arm until it can pass into the recess. The arm will then spring back into place
and will keep the rods securely in position.
This
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood reference is had to
the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 shows my improved device in side
elevation and Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the arm pressed back. A is the
base or angle metal which is fixed to the stair B by means of the screws b. This
angle piece is provided with the small lugs a to which the arm C is pivoted.
arm is curved and is provided with the extension c projecting above the pivot
which allows it to be pressed back by the finger. This extension may be roughened
to give a better surface. Behind the arm the spring D is placed bearing against
it and forcing it out. When extended the end bears against the lip a¹ belonging
to the base the end of both arm and lip being preferably bevelled. As shown in
Fig. 1 the stair rod E is held behind the spring arm in the recess formed by it and
cannot be released until the arm is pressed back into the position shown in Fig. 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is:.
(1) The improved device for securing stair rods consisting of a bracket or base
of angle metal secured in the angle of the stairs, a spring arm pivoted to the said
angle piece and a projection on this piece adapted to meet the end of the arm
substantially as described and for the purposes specified.
(2) The improved holder for stair rods formed from a strip of angle metal, a
curved arm pivoted to the said angle piece, an extension on the arm, a spring
bearing against the arm and a lip or projection on the angle piece meeting the
end of the arm the rod being held in the recess substantially as described and shown
in the accompanying drawings and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 6th day of October 1897.
GEO. H. RAYNER,
37 Chancery Lane, London, Agent for the Applicant.
An Improved Process for the Purification of Spirit.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process for the Purification of Spirit.
I, LOUIS MAICHE, 368, Rue St. Honore, Paris, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the removal from spirit of the fusel oil and other
substances which give objectionable flavour and odour to the spirit.
For this purpose, the spirit to be purified is largely diluted with water, it may
be up to five times its volume, and subjected to distillation at a low temperature
such as 25°C. under a vacuum as complete as can conveniently be obtained.
Under those conditions most of the impurities are distilled off and condensed,
leaving the dilute spirit comparatively pure.
By farther distillation the spirit thus purified can be restored to any desired
strength. As by the first distillation some spirit passes off with the impurities, the
condensed liquid is again diluted with water and subjected to the distillation at low
temperature and pressure by which the impure ingredients are driven off leaving
pure dilute spirit.
Dated this 15th day of February 1897.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
An Improved Process for the Furincation of sp
I, LOUIS MAICHE, of 368, Rue St. Honoré, Paris, France, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object the removal from spirit of most of the substances
which give objectionable flavour and odour to the spirit.
For this purpose, the spirit to be purified, having 90 to 95 per cent. concentration
is largely diluted with water, preferably from five to ten times its volume, and
subjected to distillation at a low temperature such as 26°C. under a vacuum as
complete as can conveniently be obtained. Under these conditions most of the
impurities are distilled off leaving the dilute spirit comparatively pure.
By farther distillation in the usual way the spirit thus purified can be restored to
any desired strength. As by the first distillation some spirit passes off with the
impurities, the condensed liquid thus obtained, it may be from several of the primary
distillations, is again diluted with water and subjected to the distillation at low
17

page_text: temperature and pressure by which the impure ingredients are driven off leaving pure
dilute spirit. The operation may be repeated several times till almost all the spirit
is recovered leaving the impure ingredients by themselves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The herein described process for purifying spirit by largely diluting crude spirit
with water, distilling at low temperature in vacuo, thereby eliminating impurities,
and then concentrating the dilute spirit by distillation in the usual way.
Dated th: 15LL
1007
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Joints for Drain Pipes and the like articles.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joints for Drain Pipes and the like articles.
I, ARTHUR JOHNSON, of The Priory, Hereford, Contractor, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows: —
The shoulder of the spigot end of the pipe is so constructed as to have an annular
groove within the butt end of the pipe, and, nearer the end, an annular rabbet.
The socket end is constructed in a similar way, but so that the butt end of the
socket groove of the one pipe comes against the butt end of the rabbet on the
spigot. of the adjoining pipe, and the butt end of the socket rabbet comes against
the butt end of the spigot groove. Thus when two ends are placed together two
annular cavities are formed, and through holes in the pipes cement is poured to
fill these cavities and make a secure joint.
Dated this 20th day of September 1897.
W. H. MUNNS,
Agent for Applicant.
I, ARTHUR JOHNSON, of The Priory, Hereford, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to provide a secure and watertight joint for drain
pipes and the like articles in a simpler and more effective way than is the case at
present.
Each drain pipe is made with a spigot end and a socket end, so that the spigot
end of one may fit into the socket end of another. At the end of the spiggot a
rabbet of rectangular section is formed in the spigot, and at the end of the socket
a similar rabbet in the socket, so that when the two ends are brought together, two
annular cavities are formed. Holes are made through the pipes through which
cement is poured to fill up these annular cavities and thus effect a secure joint.
If desired more than two such annular cavities may be formed.
To show more clearly how my invention is carried out I furnish drawings in
which the same letters represent the same parts.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the joint.
Fig. 2 is an external view of same.
A is the spigot end of a pipe. B is the rabbet of rectangular section in the
C is the socket end of a pipe. D is the rabbet in the same. From B to D
come

page_text: the pipes are beveled as shown in the drawing. This bevel serves to bring the
invert to a true and proper level.
When the butt ends of the spigot and socket are brought together the rabbets B
and D form annular cavities. Cement is poured through the orifices E to fill the
cavities B, D, and orifices, and a secure and watertight joint is thus formed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
An improved joint for drain pipes and similar articles substantially as described.
Improvements in Skein-holders.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 26th June, 1897
Improvements in Skein-holders.
I EVELYN ALEXINA COLLIE of 10 Scalé d'Azeglio, Leghorn, Tuscany in the
Kingdom of Italy, Spinster do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to he performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for stretching and holding
out skeins of wool, silk and similar yarn, for facilitating its being wound up into a
ball or the like ready for knitting and kindred purpose, the object being to
provide a simple handy and inexpensive article adapted to be readily adjusted to
any size of skein and fixed to any convenient article of furniture such as tables,
overmantles or similar object. The various apparatus hitherto used for the said
purpose are all more or less complicated, cumbersome and unsightly and frequently
cause the yarn to get tangled necessitating additional work instead of saving time
and labor.
In order to render my invention more readily understood I have hereunto
attached a sheet of drawings in which Fig. 1 is a side view of one of the two
parts composing the apparatus shown in side view as secured to a table, and
Fig. 2 is a front view of the complete apparatus secured to a table and holding a
skein of material. A is a screw block having any suitable shape or configuration,
the centre portion being partly cut out so as to admit of a wood or other screw B
being passed through the lower portion at or near its centre. The cut out or
hollow of the block is placed over the projecting board of a table D, and by
tightening the screw B the block is firmly secured in position, the two pins C
extending horizontally from the block. A second block A is now taken, the
skein S placed over the four pins C (Fig. 2) and the second block is screwed on to
the lable board at a suitable distance from the first so as to stretch out the skein
as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawing. The material is thus ready for being
wound off and will be firmly held in proper position until its whole length is wound
off, the knobs provided at the ends of pins C preventing its slipping off. When
not further required the apparatus can be easily disengaged from the piece of
furniture to which it was attached and be packed away, taking but little room.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The new or improved apparatus for stretching and holding out skeins of wool,
silk and similar yarn consisting of two screw blocks A, provided with screws B
and pins C, C, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of February 1807
HUGHES, ELI, & HUGHES,
76 Chancery Lane, W.C.,
For the Applicant.
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
I, JOHN LAIDLAW, of the Firm of Watson, Laidlaw & Co., of 98, Dundas-
Street, in the County of the City of Glasgow, North Britain, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following :—
This invention relates to improvements in centrifugal machines for separating
solids from liquid or for drying solid material and is more particularly applicable
to machines in which the sides are not perforated and the liquid escapes over the
upper rim of the drum.
In carrying out my invention I introduce the material to be operated on by
means of a pipe near the bottom of the drum and in order to prevent any solid
particles being carried up and over the lip along with the liquid I provide a flat.
disc or cone above the nozzle of the pipe in order to guide the mixed material into.
the drum towards the side.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings Figures 1 and 2 are sections of half the
drum illustrating two methods of carrying out my invention.
A is the centrifugal drum, B' the spindle, and C the pipe by which the material.
is introduced.
In Figure 1 a flat disc D is provided over the nozzle of the pipe C which.
extends inside the lip E of the drum. In Figure 2 a cone F is provided, the lower
edge of which is inside the lip E of the drum. When the drum is rapidly rotated
the material forms a vertical wall as shown and the solid material is forced to the
side of the drum and the liquid escapes over the lip.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is --
In centrifugal machines for separating solids from fluids the addition of a disc
or cone over the nozzle of the pipe by which the material is introduced,.
substantially as described.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Patent Agents.
A New or Improved Child's Portable Commode, also Applicable for Use as a Storage Receptacle.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 26th June, 1897-Accepted, 31st July, 1897
A New or Improved Child's Portable Commode, also Applicable for
Use as a Storage Receptacle.
I, ELLEN VENES of 46, Westmoreland Street, Pimlico, S.W. do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
My invention relates to a new or improved child's portable commode, also
applicable for use as a storage receptacle, the object being to provide a device
E simples construction designed to replace the ordinary child's chair, the said
device being constructed in such a manner as to allow of its being readily packed
within a box, trunk, or the like for travelling purposes, while upon such occasions
it may be advantageously employed as a storage receptacle for boots, shoes, or
other articles.
In order that my invention may be fully understood, I will now proceed to de-
scribe same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a
perspective view of the commode closed.
Fig. 2 is a similar view with the lid open and showing the seat of the commode.
Fig. 3 is a back view of the commode.
In carrying my invention into practical effect, I provide a rectangular box
or case a furnished with a lid which when open discloses the seat of the
commode which is furnished with a suitable opening d beneath which is placed,
when required, any suitable or convenient receptacle.
The lid b of the box or case a is furnished with a suitable handle h contained
within a corresponding recess, which when not in use lies flush with the surface
of the said lid, so as to allow of the device being used as a seat or stool, while the
top may if required be covered with carpet or padded in any convenient manner for
this purpose. Similar handles h may be arranged at the sides of the box, or case a
for convenience in moving it about.
The box or case a is furnished with a hinged flap or panel ? preferably secured
at each corner by suitable hooks or fastenings f, while it is further provided with
a knob. so as to allow of its being readily raised when required for the purpose
of inserting a suitable receptacle within the box or case a beneath the opening d.
Locks may, if required, bo applied to the lid & or hinged flap or panel por to
both of them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The new or improved child's commode' comprising a suitable box or case a
having hinged lid d, the seat c with opening or perforation d beneath which any
suitable receptacle may be arranged, in combination with, a hinged back panel
לנירי

page_text: or flap p secured by suitable fastenings such as f, the whole combined and arranged
substantially as herein described and shown, and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 24th day of June, 1897.
F. G. CASSELL,
(of Cassell, & Co.),
22, Glasshouse/Street, Regent Street, London, W., Agent for the Applicant.
Improvement in Fastenings for Railway Rails.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd July, 1897-Accepted, 7th Aug., 1897
Improvement in Fastenings for Railway Rails.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM SCHROEDER, of Newman Street, Newtown, near Sydney in the
Colony of New South Wales, but at present of 3 and 4, Bevis Marks in the City of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner.
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
When a railway rail is secured in chairs by a wooden wedge driven between the
rail and one of the jaws of the chair this wedge, by shrinkage or the hammering
action to which it is subjected often becomes loosened and shaken out leaving the
rail loose.
My invention relates to a simple and effective means of preventing escape of the
wedge, as I shall describe referring to the accompanying drawings.
Figurel is a section of the rail with the chair and wedge shewn in elevation, Figure 2
is a plan of part of the rail and chair, Figure 3 is a front view and Figure 4 is an edge
view of part of the fixing strip.
R indicates the rail, C the chair and D the wedge driven between the rail and the
jaw E of the chair.
I prepare by rolling or otherwise a thin bar or strip F of iron or steel having prefer-
ably one of its sides rounded, from which side sharp studs f project at intervals. Before
driving the wedge D into its place, I hammer on one side of the wedge a length of
the strip F so that the strip is wholly or partly imbedded in the wedge, its studs f
being firmly engaged in the wood.
When the wedge D is driven tight betweeen the rail and the jaw, I bend at right
angles the end parts of the strip F that extend beyond the sides of the jaw so that they
embrace the jaw between them. As the strip is thus prevented from moving in the
direction of its length, the wedge which is held to the strip by the studs f cannot move
lengthwise.
When there is occasion to drive the wedge farther, the ends of the strip are unbent
and when the wedge is farther driven they are bent again at the fresh places deter-
mined by its change of position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In combination with the wooden wedge employed to secure a rail in a chair, a strip
of iron or steel engaged by studs to the wedge, driven with the wedge and having its
end parts bent back so as to embrace the jaw of the chair, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
Double Cramp and Mitre-block Combined, for Picture Framing.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 21st July, 1898-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1898*
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Double Cramp and Mitre-block Combined, for Picture Framing.
I, JOSEPH ADAMS, 10, Rigely Road, College Park, Kensal Rise, N.W., Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A double cramp and mitre block for picture framing.
Which is a flat peice of brass with a rim cast on at the right angle also two
arms at the right angle with a boss on each end for a screw to go through which is
tapped; and at the end of each screw is a bit of brass loosely rivetted on, which
presses the moulding against the brass rim at right angle. There is also a square
wood block which fits inside the brass rim and fastens with 4 screws at the back
there is a saw gate runs through the wood from corner to corner which forms an
angle of 45 for cutting mitres.
11.°
l
1000
I, JOSEPH ADAMS, 10, Rigely Road, College Park, Kensal Rise, N.W., Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement;-
-
This invention consists of a double cramp and mitre-block combined to be used
for picture framing, joiner work, and for anything that requires a mitre. The
double mitre block has this advantage that it serves to cramp the corners of a
picture together for fixing. The angle of 45° at which the moulding must be cut is
obtained by a mitre guage fixed by two screws on the metal bed of the double
cramp, and consists of two vertical brackets, which form a spring, and which
allows any sized saw to work in it, without grating the teeth. The invention
is simple and light, weighing only about 1 lb., and can be carried in the pocket.
It is handy in use, and requires no fastening to bench or table;-thus avoiding
the disadvantages of size and weight and clumsiness.
Figure 1 is a horizontal view of the invention, and Fig. 2 a vertical view of the.
same. A A are the metal beds with arms B B at right angles. The arms have
each a boss C C at their ends, which are tapped and through which screws DD
work. The screw ends EE are small metal plates with countersunk holes in which
the said screws are loosely rivetted. F F are two rims cast vertically on the
beds A A and are fixed to form a right angle in which the mitre block stands.

page_text: The moulding presses against the rim F, and is held firmly by screw end E. G G
are two vertical brackets fixed by two screws H H to bed A A, and further held in
position by four gluts or lugs I I I I. These brackets are made to form a spring
and a true mitre. K is a groove cut in bed A A, in which the saw runs. L is a
recess in which the teeth of the saw have room to work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
An improved double cramp and mitre-block, which are combined in one machine,
as hereinbefore described & shewn in the drawings.
Improvements in Bicycle and other Wheel Rims.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 2nd Oct., 1897
Improvements in Bicycle and other Wheel Rims.
We, GEORGE BEACOCK, of the Town of Brockville, in the Province of Ontario,
in the Dominion of Canada, Manufacturer of Artificial Limbs, and BENSON PETER
ALEXANDER, of the City of Toronto in the province aforesaid, Hide Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
This invention has for its object to obtain lightness in weight, and strength
and durability in the construction of wood rims for bicycles and other vehicles
having a pneumatic tire.
The invention consists in the employment or use of strips of raw hide inserted
between the wooden hoops which ordinarily compose the rim of a wheel, and
cementing or glueing the same together to re-enforce said hoops in the manufacture
of wooden rims.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying drawings illustrate in sectional perspec-
tive views three different forms of wheel rims constructed in accordance with this
invention.
The rim of the wheel comprises two or more hoops 1, 2, 3, nested concentrically
one outside the other and spliced and cemented at the ends. The periphery of
the outer hoop is grooved longitudinally to receive a tire of any preferred make
or form, of which grooves examples are shown in the several figures of the
drawing.
4, are strips of raw hide intervening the wooden hoops and cemented or glued
thereto during construction of the rim. The edges of the raw hide strips are
exposed on the outersides of the rim and are observable as streaks, if so desired,
and are finished off flush with the wood. Before being inserted the strips are
scftened by moisture. The gelatine in the raw hide has great affinity for the
glue, hence will durably unite the wooden hoops composing the rim, and so
strengthen the rim that it may be made light in weight and size.
In some cases the uniting faces of the hoops may be curvilinear in cross section
and the flexible strips of raw hide will be correspondingly curved. In other
cases said faces and strips may be flat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A wheel rim composed of a plurality of wooden hoops nested and connected
by an intervening strip or strips of raw hide, glued or cemented thereto and
re-enforcing the same, substantially as set forth.
2. In a wheel rim, the combination with concentrically placed or nested wooden

page_text: hoops, of a strip of raw hide between said hoops and glued or cemented thereto,
as set forth.
Dated this 19th day of Anat 1807
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicants.
An Improved Point Protector for Pencils
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 18th Dec.,
1897
"An Improved Point Protector for Pencils."
I, CHARLES RICHARD BOSWORTH of Mulloorina near Hergott in the Province
of South Australia, gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in the provision of a case or holder for protecting the
sharpened point of a lead pencil and is so formed that it may be used as a
toothpick by removing the pencil.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 shews the case with the toothpick formed on one end and the pencil
removed therefrom.
In Figure 2 is illustrated the pencil with its sharpened point inserted within
the case which enables it to be conveniently carried in the pocket.
Figure 3 shews the pencil reversed in the case ready for writing.
A is a piece of lead pencil as commonly used and B is the case or holder one
end of which is drawn out and shaped to serve as a toothpick.
The case or holder B is formed of metal or other suitable material such as
celluloid or ivorine. The pencil may be provided with the usual rubber tip D
affixed to its end as shewn, or a rubber tip-may be secured in the other end of
the case or holder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
-
1. he combination of a lead pencil with a case or holder one end of which
is drawn out and shaped to be used as a toothpick substantially as described.
2. A holder or case for lead pencils which case has one end so formed that it
may be used as a toothpick substantially as described.
Dated this soth day of October Tosi.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street. London.
Agent for the said C. R. Bosworth.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166 Fleet Street, London.
Agent for the said C. R. Bosworth.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Fire-lighters.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Fire-lighters.
I, WILLIAM YOUNG, of 4, Steel Terrace, Rothwell, near Leeds, in the County of
York, Firelighter Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
I construct my improved fire-lighter of wood, and employ two cross pieces upon
which are tacked a series of slips of wood parallel with each other, on the top of
which is resin and coloured sawdust or fine wood chippings or turnings coloured,
or fine shavings coloured. Or the coloured sawdust or fine chips and resin may be
applied to the tops of other construction of wood fire-lighters.

page_text: The openings at the ends of the firelighter increase the draught by allowing the
flame to pass out at the ends, (as indicated in the drawing by the arrows) as well
as through the centre of the firelighter.
By constructing the firelighter with the top cross pieces A and open ends I also
avoid the firelighter being extinguished by small coal or slack filling un the
centre openings as in the ordinary construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
-
1. Coating fire-lighters with resin and coloured sawdust or coloured fine wood
shavings.
2. Fire-lighters composed of cross pieces A of wood upon which are fixed
parallel slips B of wood with openings between the ends of the slips, as shown
and described.
3. Fire-lighters composed of cross pieces A of wood upon which are fixed parallel
slips B of wood with openings between the ends of the slips, the tops and sides of
the said slips being coated with resin or the like and coloured sawdust or coloured
fine wood shavings as shown and described.
Dated 18
of February 1898.
JOHN E. WALSH,
Royal Exchange Chambers, Boar Lane, Leeds,
Patent Agent for the Applicant.