Improvements in or relating to Bicycles, Tricycles, Oarriages, and other Road Vehicles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th Nov.. 1894-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Bicycles, Tricycles, Oarriages, and
other Road Vehicles..
I, WALTER SWAIN of 177 Belmont Road, Astley Bridge near Bolton in the
County of Lancaster, Land Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to improvements in or relating to bicycles, tricycles,
carriages, and other road vehicles and consists in a new method of constructing air
tubes, single tube tyres, detachable covers, and the like. The air tube by manipu-
lation with or by placing the same inside a special canvas bag or tube contracts
when inflated and binds itself to the rim, or it may be made by using a canvas bag
or tube as an insertion or insertions. The canvas bag or tube employed in
combination with air tubes, outer covers, single tube tyres, and the like may be
either woven or netted similar to curtains in loops, or the threads may be crossed
diagonally or otherwise, or braided, knitted, or similarly made so that it will contract
by pulling either lengthwise or crosswise to the desired extent. When the air tube
is placed on the rim or seat it is smaller in diameter than when inflated, and
consequently is slack, but when inflated it contracts in length and expands in width.
If desired that portion of the canvas bag or cover which is so disposed as to sit on
the rim or seat may be closer woven or netted, braided or knitted, and may be.
either circular or flat. The air tube may be provided with cord, india-rubber,
gutta-percha, and the like in a similar manner, or it may have a core of string, .
thread, insulated wire, and the like; or the said tube may be spirally wrapped with
silk linen, cotton, cord, india-rubber, gutta-percha, or their equivalents, and built up
by placing one on the other and valcanized together or otherwise. The spiral
wrapping may go from right to left and vice-vers as desired, and the canvas may
also be similarly disposed. Canvas or india-rubber sheets provided with cords of
india-rubber, gutta-percha, or insulated wire in combination with india-rubber,
cotton, silk, or flexible single cords, and the like may be used for the loose or
detachable outer cover, or single tube; and the detachable cover may be made
cylindrical and afterwards cut either on the flat or spirally. Elastic webbing, or
what is well known as elastic, or the like may be used in a similar manner.
Tubes
may be employed that are constructed that will stretch lengthwise and sideways but
not beyond a certain limit; and in another modification they are constructed to stretch
sidewise but not lengthwise, by which in case of puncture the same may be made
good by the insertion of a wood or other plug, which will be held in position and air
tight by the construction of the said tube, thus facilitating repair and inflation.
The air tube and canvas cover or bag inay be so constructed as to produce a small
tread when inflated to ensure of less contact with the road. By these means the air
tube may be repaired in the ordinary manner. The outer detachable cover or bag
may be made to encircle the air tube entirely. Studs or their equivalents are
employed to secure the tyre to the rim to prevent the former flying off when deflated,
or bulbs made of canvas to contract when the air tube is inflated may be employed.
The outer cover may be provided with a ring of wire or the like which fits into a
specially prepared surface on the wheel rim, by which the same is locked in position.
when inflated, and readily removed when deflated. The ends of the outer cover
may be provided with metallic or other means to allow of the same being jointed in
a clip or grip sort of fashion, by which the pressure will securely fasten the same in
position. The inner side of the rim and the inner bottom side of the cover may be
provided with semi-circular or other forms of projections, continuous or otherwise,

page_text: to depress the bottom and top sides or peripheries of the inflatable tube to cause the
same to be pressed inwardly bodily and make the same self-fastening The tread of
the outer cover may be provided with a flat or other sole of india rubber and the
like of any desired width.
Dated the 13th February 1894.
EDMUND CHADWICK, F.I.C.P.A.,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Bicycles, Tricycles, Carriages, and
other Road Vehicles.
I, WALTER SWAIN of 177 Belmont Road, Astley Bridge near Bolton in the
County of Lancaster, Land Agent, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to improvements in or relating to bicycles, tricycles,
carriages and other road vehicles and consists in a new method of constructing air
tubes, single tube tyres, detachable covers, and the like. The air tube by manipu-
lation with or by placing the same inside a special cauvas bag or tube contracts
when inflated and binds itself to the rim, or may be made by using a canvas bag
or tube as an insertion or insertions. The canvas bag or tube employed in
combination with air tubes, outer covers, single tube tyres, and the like may be
either woven or netted similar to curtains, in loops, or the threads may be crossed
diagonally or otherwise, or braided knitted, or similarly made so that it will contract
by pulling either lengthwise or crosswise to the desired extent. When the air tube
is placed on the rim or seat it is smaller in diameter than when inflated and
consequently is slack, but when inflated it contracts in length and expands in width.
If desired that portion of the canvas bag or cover which is so disposed as to sit on
the rim or seat may be closer woven or netted, braided or knitted, and may be either
circular or flat. The air tube may be provided with cord, india-rubber, gutta-
percha, and the like in a similar manner, or it may have a core of string, thread,
insulated wire, and the like; or the said tube may be spirally wrapped with silk,
linen cotton, cord, india-rubber, gutta-percha, or their equivalents, and built up
by placing one on the other and vulcanized together or otherwise. The spiral
wrapping may go from right to left and vice-versa as desired, and the canvas may
be similarly disposed. Canvas or india-rubber sheets provided with cords of india-
rubber, gutta-percha, or insulated wire in combination with india-rubber, cotton,
silk or flexible single cords, and the like may be used for the loose or detachable
outer cover, or single tube; and the detachable cover may be made cylindrical and
afterwards cut either on the flat or spirally. Elastic webbing or what is well known
as elastic, or the like may be used in a similar manner. Tubes may be employed
that are constructed that will stretch lengthwise and sideways but not beyond a
certain limit; the air tube and canvas cover or bag may be so constructed as to
produce a small tread when inflated to ensure of less contact with the road. By these
means the air tube may be repaired in the ordinary manner. The outer detachable
cover or bag may be made to encircle the air tube entirely. Studs or their
equivalents are employed to secure the tyre to the rim to prevent the former flying
off when deflated, or bulbs made of canvas to contract when the air tube is inflated
may be employed. The outer cover may be provided with a ring of wire or the
like which fits into a specially prepared surface on the wheel rim, by which the
sume is locked in position when inflated and readily removed when deflated. The ends
of the outer cover may be provided with metallic or other means to allow of the
same being jointed in a clip or grip sort of fashion, by which the pressure will
securely fasten the same in position. The inner side of the rim and the inuer bottom

page_text: continuous or otherwise, to depress the bottom and top sides or peripheries of the
inflatable tube to cause the same to be pressed inwardly bodily and make the same.,
self fastening. The tread of the outer cover may be provided with a flat or other;
sole of india-rubber and the like of any desired width.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1. is a transverse section of my improvements in pneumatic tyres, for bicycles,
tricycles and other road vehicles showing the angular grip.
Fig. II. is a transverse section of same showing stud or bolt for securing the
pneumatic tube or cover to the rim or felly of the wheel.
Fig. III. is a part transverse section of my invention wherein I employ a seating
of metal or other suitable material between the pneumatic tube and the inner.
periphery of the wheel.
Fig. 4, is another modification of my invention.
Fig. 5, is another modification of my invention.
Fig. 6, is a transverse section of my invention wherein the outer cover is secured
by means of clips secured to a strip of leather or other material to allow of the
outer cover being made intact, without the aid of the rim and;
.
Fig. 7 is a modification of the same.
A. is the pneumatic or air tube. B the canvas bag or tube. C the outer covering
and D the metallic rim of the wheel. The air or pneumatic tube A by manipulation
with, or by placing the same inside the special canvas bag or tube B, contracts
when inflated and binds itself to the rim D or it may be made by using the canvas
bag or tube B as insertion or insertions.
1
The canvas bag or tube B employed in combination with air tubes, outer covers
single tube tyres and the like may be either woven or netted similar to curtains in
loops, or the threads may be crossed diagonally, or otherwise or braided, knitted or
similarly made, so that it will contract by pulling either lengthwise or crosswise to,
the desired extent.
When the air tube A is placed on the rim or seat D it is smaller in diameter than
when inflated and consequently is slack, and or loose but when inflated it contracts:
in length and expands in width.
If desired that portion of the canvas bag or cover B which is so disposed to sit on.
the rim or seat D, may be closer woven or knitted braided or netted and may be
either circular or flat. The air tube A may be provided with cord, india-rubber,
cutta-percha, and the like in a similar manner,. or it may have a cord of string,
thread, insulated wire and the like, or the said tube may be spirally wrapped with
silk, linen, cotton cord, india-rubber, cutta-percha or their equivalents and built up
by placing one on the other and vulcanised together or otherwise. The spiral
wrapping may go from right to left & vice versa as desired and the "canvas may
also be similarily disposed. Canvas or india-rubber sheets, provided with cords of
india-rubber cutta-percha, or insulated wire in combination with, india-rubber, cotton
silk or flexible single cords, and the like may be used for the loose or outer
detachable cover or single tube and the detachable cover may be made cylindrical,
tubular and endless and afterwards cut on the flat or spirally or slit to admit of the
india-rubber air tube A being inserted.
Elastic webbing or what is well known as "elastic" or the like may be used in a
similar manner or used spirally of a convenient width.
Tubes may be employed that are constructed so as to stretch lengthwise and side-
wise but not beyond a certain limit, or they may be constructed to stretch sidewise,
but not lengthwise.
The air tube A and canvas cover or bag B, and outer cover C may be so
constructed as to produce a small tread when in:lated.
The outer detachable cover C may be made to encircle the air tube entirely thus
making a complete tyre. The studs E, or their equivalents may be employed to

page_text: secure the tyre or tube or outer cover to the rim D to prevent any possibility of
the tyre or tube coming off or bulbs made of canvas or cord may be used. The
outer cover 66 C" may be provided with a ring of wire gimp or the like which fits
into a specially or otherwise prepared surface on the wheel rim D by which the
same is locked in position when inflated, and removed when deflated.
The ends i.e. ends or & sides may be provided with metallic or other means to
allow of the same being jointed in a clip or grip sort of fashion "G" by which the
pressure will securely fasten the same and bind to the rim or felly.
The inner side of the rim D and the inner bottom side of the cover "C" may be
provided with semi-circular or other forms of projections, continuous or otherwise
to depress the bottom and top side or peripheries of the inflatable tube A to cause
the same to be pressed inward bodily and make the same self fastening.
The tread of the outer cover "C" may be provided with a flat or other sole of
any desired width.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A pneumatic tyre which is in itself intact and complete and is independant of
the rim or felly of the wheel, and can be put under pressure without the rim or
felly, and retain its proper form, substantially as described.
2. In combination with a pneumatic tyre the use of clips or grips, metallic or
otherwise, attached to a leather or other pliable material, which may be continuous
or otherwise, substantially as described.
3. In a pneumatic tube the use of an outer cover that will by the pressure in the
air tube cause the edges of the outer cover to bind round the air or pneumatic tube
and fasten itself on the rim or felly of the wheel, substantially as described.
4. In combination with a pneumatic tube the use of braiding, netting, knitting,
stockinette, elastic webbing, and the like, applied and operating, substantially as
described.
5. In combination with a pneumatic tube the use of an air tube, single tyre, and
the like constructed with the said materials and canvas or cloth, substantially as
described.
6. The general constructions, arrangements and combinations of parts forming my
improved pneumatic tyre for bicycles, tricycles, carriages, and other road vehicles,
substantially as described and as illustrated in the annexed drawings.
Dated the 14th November 1894.,
WALTER SWAIN.