Improvements in Heat Radiators.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 5th June, 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heat Radiators.
1 JOSHUA GEORGE WAGSTAFF of The Alma Iron Works, Dukinfield, in the
County of Chester, Warming Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the apparatus used in the warming of air now well known
by the term of radiators.
Such apparatus in its most common form consists in each case of a combination
of twin pipes.
Each of these twin pipes consists of two pipes cast in one piece and merging into
one passage at each of their two ends a long slot or opening for the passage of air
being left between the intermediate parts of the pipes.
The object of my invention is to improve the method of connecting together the
parts of the apparatus.
I form a neck at each end of the twin pipe and I make this neck and the passage
through it of such proportions or of such a shape as that a bolt can be passed in a
straight line through the passages in the two necks and through the bore of one of
the two attached pipes. Suitable sockets are formed in the base and cap plates or
castings and are adapted to receive rubber rings. The parts are secured together
by passing long bolts through the pipes as aforesaid such bolts also passing into or
through holes in the base and in the cap.
When drawn tight by means of nuts the joints are made tight and all the parts
are securely attached together. I form passages in the base and cap to provide for
the circulation of the water or steam.
I do not confine myself to the aforesaid use of rubber rings.
Dated this 2nd dow of Contamling 1002
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heat Radiators.
I JOSHUA GEORGE WAGSTAFF of The Alma Iron Works, Dukinfield, in the
County of Chester, Warming Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:-
My invention relates to the apparatus used in the warming of air now well known
by the term of radiators.
Such apparatus in its most common form consists in each case of a combination
of twin pipes.
Each of these twin pipes consists of two pipes cast in one piece and merging into
one passage at each of their two ends a long slot or opening for the passage of air
being left between the intermediate parts of the pipes.
The object of my invention is to improve the method of connecting together the
parts of the apparatus.
I form a neck at each end of the twin pipe and I make this neck and the passage
through it of such proportions or of such a shape as that a bolt can be passed in a
straight line through the passages in the two necks and through the bore of one of
the two attached pipes.
Suitable sockets are formed in the base and cap plates or castings and are
[Price 8d.]

page_text: adapted to receive packing rings. The parts are secured together by passing long
bolts through the pipes as aforesaid such bolts also passing into or through holes in
the base and in the cap.
The manner in which I carry my invention into effect is clearly shown in the
accompanying drawings which consist of sectional views illustrative of the formation
of the joints and the means for tightening the same.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the upper joint of one of the twin pipes of a
radiator Fig. 2 showing the lower joint of the same pipe.
Figs. 3 and 4 are corresponding views of the same joints the sections being taken
on a plane at right angles to that of Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 5 represents a cross section of the twin pipe.
Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a modification in the form of the bolt used to tighten the
joints.
In Figs. 1 to 4 a represents the twin pipe is the cap casting c is the base
casting and d is the tightening bolt. The twin pipe consists of two pipes which
are cast together and united by their two ends the parts where the two pipes join
being brought to a circular form as is usual in this class of radiators.
I form cach circular end of the twin pipe with a circular neck a' through which is an
opening which joins the two passages in the pipe. This neck is a little less in
diameter than the end of the pipe so that an annular shoulder is formed at each end
of the pipe. A socket or annular recess is formed in the underside of the cap b
and the upper face of the base c and in these sockets are formed circular openings
to receive the ends of the necks a'. The said sockets are proportioned to clear the
largest diameter of the shoulders upon the pipe ends so that the shoulders can enter
the said sockets. In each socket or upon each shoulder is placed a packing ring
of rubber or of asbestos or other suitable material or elastic composition. It will
be seen that this packing ring is entirely enclosed on all sides so that when the
parts are bolted together the ring cannot be squeezed out of its place to any great
extent.
The two ends of the pipe are so formed or proportioned as that a straight bolt d
can extend through the two end openings and through one limb of the pipe as
clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. This bolt is formed at one end with a tee head ď
long enough to stretch across the opening in the socket in the cap and to bear at
each end upon the metal which constitutes the bottom of the passage in the cap.
The lower end of the bolt extends through the base and is screwed to receive a
nut d². When the parts have been put together with the bolt passed through the
pipe and got into position as represented and when the nut is applied and tightened
up the parts are drawn together and the packing rings are compressed so as to
make suitably tight joints between the pipes and the cap and base castings. A
number of twin pipes are thus connected together by one cap and one base as is
usual suitable passages being formed in such cap and base but I do not consider it
necessary to pass a bolt through every twin pipe in the series although this may be
done if considered to be desirable in any case.
The bolt may have a head of any suitable shape so long as it will answer the
purpose of my invention.
In the example the bolt head is adapted to fit loosely between the walls of the
passage in the cap when inclined as shown this formation and disposition preventing
the bolt from turning when the nut is being tightened up but this may be varied as
for example the part passing through the bottom plate of the base might be square
in cross section.
It is obvious
In Figs. 6 and 7 the bolt e is made of a twin form so that part of the bolt may
extend through each limb of the twin pipe. Such a bolt may be made by joining
together two rods by the ends or be made in any suitable manner.
that such a bolt cannot be got into place after the pipe is cast and I therefore
propose to enclose the bolt within the core so that it is in place when the pipe is
cast.
In such a case the bolt may be used as a core bar.

page_text: The modification has an advantage in that the strain of the bolt when tightened
passes through the centres of the joints but the extra cost of the bolt might render
the first described form of bolt more suitable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1) The formation of the parts of radiators and the method of and means for
securing the same together substantially as set forth and indicated.
2) In so termed radiators the twin pipe formed to admit of the through passage
of a bolt to connect the cap casting with the base casting and to tighten the joints
as set forth.
3) The twin pipe a the neck a¹ the sockets in the cap and base the shoulders
entering the sockets the packing rings and the bolt d passing through one limb of
the twin pipe and connecting together the cap and base substantially as set forth
and indicated.
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C
1009
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.