Spraying Apparatus.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 20th Jan., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Spraying Apparatus.
I, RICHARD WAYNE RICE, of South Windsor, Connecticut, United States of
America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to spraying apparatuses of that class particularly adapted
for use in spraying tobacco, disseminating disinfectant or deodorizing liquids in
infected places, such as hospital wards, and for other purposes.
One object of the present invention is to furnish a portable spraying apparatus
of improved and simplified construction and organization which may be readily
carried from place to place, and be manipulated by hand, and which apparatus
embodies means whereby the fluid may be caused to issue in large or small drops
or in an extremely fine spray.
A further object of the invention is to furnish a spraying device embodying
a liquid receptacle or chamber; a discharge nozzle communicating with the liquid
receptacle and having at the discharge end thereof an atomizing member effective
for disseminating the stream; an air-pump disposed within and having an outlet
opening communicating with, the liquid receptacle, whereby, on operation of the
air pump, sufficient air under pressure may be stored above the liquid contained
in said receptacle, by operations of the pump, to force the entire liquid contained
in the receptacle through the discharge-nozzle.
In portable hand operated spraying apparatus of usual construction, embodying
an air-pump and liquid receptacle, the liquid is generally fed through the dis-
charge conduit of the apparatus by its own gravity and the stream or column
of water is disseminated or atomized by forcing air against the stream of water
by means of the air-pump as the water emerges from the end of the discharge-
conduit, and consequently, with a spraying device of this kind, it is necessary to
keep the pump in constant operation, and even then a uniform and constant spray-
ing cannot be obtained for the reason that no air can be forced against the stream
during the return movement of the pump plunger or piston.
A further object of the present invention is to provide, in an apparatus of the
class specified, embodying a liquid receptacle and a discharge nozzle in commu-
nication therewith, improved means whereby the apparatus may be quickly
applied to, and secured to the back of, the operator in a vertical position, and be
carried and used without. inconvenience and without the necessity of strapping
the same thereto as heretofore customary; and to provide simple means whereby
the nozzle may be readily secured to and held in place in an upright position on
the liquid receptacle so as to secure compactness in the apparatus as a whole when
not in use.
With these objects in view this invention consists in certain novel details of
construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts of the
spraying apparatus as will be hereinafter described and set forth in the claim.
In the drawing accompanying and forming part of this specification. Figure 1

page_text: is a side elevation, partly in section, of one form of spraying apparatus embodying
this invention;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of another larger form of spraying apparatus embody-
ing this invention;
Fig. 3 is a cross-section taken, in dotted line - Fig. 2, of a portion of the
apparatus shown in said Fig. 2, the pump and some other parts not being shown;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal section of the discharge-nozzle shown in
Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the atomizing or spraying member
or tip shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is a similar view of the atomizing member or spraying tip shown in
Fig. 2; and
."
Fig. 7 is an enlarged longitudinal section of a portion of the discharge-nozzle
shown in Fig. 2;
Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawing.
In the preferred construction and organization thereof shown in the accom-
panying drawing, the spraying-apparatus comprises a liquid receptacle having a
discharge spout or nozzle in communication with the lower portion thereof, and
having a normally closed supply opening at the upper end thereof; an air-pump
disposed within the liquid receptacle and having in the lower end of the casing
or cylinder thereof suitable air outlets communicating with the lower portion of
the liquid receptacle; a flexible open ended tubular valve covering the discharge
openings of the air-pump; an atomizing member or stream deflector secured to
the end of the discharge-nozzle; and means for regulating the volume of stream
in the discharge-nozzle.
The liquid receptacle B, is in the nature of a cylinder, constructed preferably
of sheet metal having a bottom 2, and a top 3, and also having a handle 4 whereby
the apparatus may be conveniently carried.
The air-pump P, which is secured in a suitable manner contrally within the
receptacle B, and which extends from the top 3 to a point near the bottom 2
thereof, preferably comprises (see Fig. 1), a piston-cylinder or tube 9 fixed at
its upper end to and extending through the packing nut 8 screwed into an open-
ing in the top of the receptacle, and having at the lower end thereof a diametri-
cally reduced extension 10, in which is formed a series of air discharge openings
or perforations 12, the lower end of the extension 10 being in close proximity
to the bottom tube of the receptacle; a piston 13 seated in the cylinder 9 and
having a valve-stem 14 extending upward through a bearing formed in a cap 15,
fixed to the upper end of the cylinder 9, and which valve-stem is furnished at the
upper end thereof with a knob or handle 16, whereby the piston may be operated
to force air into the liquid receptacle B.
As a convenient means for closing the discharge opening in the piston cylinder
against the entrance of liquid into said cylinder during the up stroke of the
piston, a flexible tubular valve 17 is provided, which is preferably open at oppo-
site ends, and surrounds the reduced extension 10 of the piston cylinder, as will
be understood by reference to Fig. 1.
The piston is shown consisting of a head having a cup-shaped flexible packing
secured thereto in a well-known manner, the flexture of the packing permitting
air above the piston-head to be drawn below said piston-head through vacuum
created by the up-stroke of the piston, in the usual manner. of pumps of this
character.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, the discharge spout or nozzle $ comprises tubular
body portions 18 and 181, connected together by a plug valve case 19, in which
is seated a plug-valve V having a thumb piece 21, whereby the same may be
turned to regulate the volume of liquid entering the discharge end portion 18
of the nozzle. The body portion 18 of this nozzle is shown furnished at one side
thereof with a horizontally disposed valve V1 shown in Figs. 1 and 4 as a plug
valve seated in a plug-valve case 23, and having ports communicating with the

page_text: interior of the nozzle and adapted for communication with the inlet port of the
valve-case 23 which case is provided with an externally screw-theaded hollow
plug fitting a hollow nipple fixed to, and communicating with the interior of, the
receptacle B, at the lower end thereof.
The plug-valve V1 in the form thereof shown in Figs. 1 and 4 is fixedly secured
to the inner end of the body portion 18 of the nozzle, and constitutes a pivot
whereby the nozzle may be swung upward into the position shown in full lines
in Fig. 1, thus cutting off the supply of liquid to said nozzle, or may be swung
downward to the position shown partly in dotted lines in said Fig. 1, to establish
communication between said nozzle and the interior of the receptacle B, this being
the effective or discharging position of the nozzle S.
The apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawing-in which the discharge
nozzle is shown rather short as compared with the one shown in Fig. 2, which is
generally used when spotting tobacco in the field-is especially designed for use
in spraying tobacco in warehouses; spraying disinfectants or deodorizing liquid
in rooms, and for other purposes where it is unnecessary to throw the liquid very
far from the receptacle, but it will be understood that said apparatus may be
successfully used in spraying or spotting tobacco in the fields although it will
be advantageous to use the nozzle shown in Fig. 2 or one of much greater length
than the proportions of Fig. 1, would signify.
To render the operation of spotting tobacco successful, that is to secure a
uniform spotting of the leaves and obviate burning them where a spotting or
spraying apparatus is used, it has been found, by practical and varied experiments,
that it is essential to use a spraying or discharging nozzle having two indepen-
dently-operative devices for controlling the spotting fluid or liquid, one a set-
table valve for determining the size of the drops or spray atoms, and the other
an automatic or quick cut-off valve whereby the discharge may be instantaneously
cut off and established, as is necessary when spotting tobacco in the field, for
the reason that if but one valve is provided it must necessarily be used both for
regulating the size of the spray atoms and also for cutting off the stream and
it is almost impossible to reset the valve after each cutting off operation so that
the spray will be of uniform density, the resetting of the valve therefore con-
sumed much time and the uncertainty of regulation was apt to result in imper-
fectly spotted, and frequently destroyed, tobacco.
By providing, in an apparatus of the class specified, two independent devices in
connection with the discharge nozzle, to wit, a settable regulating valve for
determining the size of the spray atoms, and an automatic cut-off valve, the
operator is enabled to maintain uniformity in the spray, after the regulating valve
has once been set, throughout the spraying or spotting of an entire field of tobacco,
irrespective of the frequency in operations of the cut-off valve, and inasmuch as
the practicability of this apparatus is due to the provision and co-action of the
two stream or spray-controlling devices, and the construction and organization
herein described is new, it is not desirable to confine the claims to any specific
nozzle, or atomizing member, so long as said nozzle is furnished with two inde-
pendently-operative stream or spray-controlling devices or valve, and with a
suitable atomizing member.
In practice means will be provided for automatically shifting the cut-off valve
to a closed position or, in case a valve such as shown at V1 in Figs. 1 and 4 is
used, shift the same from the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 to that
shown in full lines in said Fig. 1, whereby to automatically cut off the discharge
of liquid and incidentally retain the nozzle S normally in a vertical position.
For this purpose there is shown, in Fig. 4, a valve closing device in connection
with the valve V1, such valve-closing device being shown as a spring 28 preferably
of spiral form surrounding that portion of the plug valve between the nozzle and
valve case 23, and one end of which spring is fixed to the nozzle and the opposite
end of which is fixed to the valve case 23 and exerts a valve-closing stress upon
the valve V, as will readily be understood by reference to Fig. 4.

page_text: It is not desired to limit the invention to the particular construction and
organization of valves illustrated in the accompanying drawings for regulating
the amount of liquid discharged from the discharge nozzle and for automatically
I cutting off the supply to said discharge nozzle, as these may be modified within
the perview of this invention.
In Figs. 2 and 7 of the drawings, the nozzle S is of greater length than the
nozzle in Fig. 1 and is particularly adapted for use in fields for spraying or
spotting tobacco plants. This nozzle is shown having two independently opera-
tive valves or cocks V and V, respectively, the one V constituting the regulating
valve and being of the same general construction and organization as the regu-
lating valve V shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and the one V₁ constituting an automatic
cut-off valve and being of somewhat different construction from the valve V1
illustrated in said Figures 1 and 4 although the function thereof is the same, said
valve V being shown as a well-known reactionary or spring-retracted valve having
a thumb piece or lever 21 whereby the same may be opened by the thumb of the
operator handling the nozzle.
As a means for disseminating or atomizing the liquid as it is forced through
and discharged from the end of the nozzle S, there is provided in connection with
the discharge end 181 of the nozzle, an atomizing member designated in a general
way by S¹ and comprising. in one form thereof shown in Figs. 1, and 5, a
tubular portion 24 fitting the extreme end of the portion 18¹ of said nozzle and
having a central opening 241, communicating with, the central opening of said
nozzle and a stream deflector shown in the drawings as a cone 25 having the
apex thereof cut off to form a plane surface 26, said cone being supported with its
longitudinal axis in alignment with the center of the opening 241 of the tubular
portion 24 and the plane-face 26 of said cone being disposed slightly in advance
of the discharge end of the opening 24¹ and in a plane transverse to a line drawn
longitudinally through the center of said opening in such position that the liquid
as it is discharged from the end of the opening 24¹ will strike the plane face 26
of the cone 25 thereby causing said stream to be atomized or reduced to a spray.
It is not desired to limit this invention to the particular construction and
organization of the atomizing member S¹, shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5 as this is
capable of various modifications within the preview of this invention, as for
instance an atomizing member or spraying tip such as shown in Figs. 2 and 6
may be employed. In the tip shown in said Figs. 2 and 6 there is employed a
concaved and transversely flared deflector which is secured to the rear face of the
end 24 of the atomizing member and extends outwardly beyond the discharge
end of said nortion 24 at an oblique angle to and intersects the axis of said end
. portion. This deflector tends to disseminate the liquid in a fan-shaped spray of
minute drops and will cause the same to be trajected a greater distance than the
atomizing member shown in Figs. 1 and 4.
Referring particularly to the tobacco spraying apparatus shown in Figs. 2
and 3 considerable difficulty has been experienced on account of the non-provision
of adequate means in connection therewith for enabling the same to be con-
veniently carried about from place to place, during the operation of spraving or
spotting tobacco, the only means heretofore provided for this purpose being a
set of straps applied to the liquid receptacle and used by the operator much after
the manner of the well-known knapsack shoulder-straps, the receptacle being
supported when in use with its longitudinal axis substantially in a horizontal
plane, this rendering the carrying of said apparatus laborious and inconvenient,
and it is one of the objects of this invention to overcome these disadvantages by
providing means whereby the liquid receptacle may be quickly secured in an
upright position to the back of the operator for convenient use and in such
manner that the weight will be so disturbed or applied as to be least burdensome
to the operator while using the same.
As a simple and convenient means for attaching the apparatus to the back of
the operator and retaining the same against movement with relation to said

page_text: operator and in a vertical position, there is provided in connection with the liquid
receptacle (see Figs. 2 and 3) a bifurcated supporting device, designated in a
general way by D, and constructed to embrace the shoulders of the operator and
preferably having at the inner end thereof a hinged or pivotal connection with the
outer face of the liquid receptacle at a point preferably substantially midway
between the upper and lower ends thereof; and a brace or back-rest D¹ secured
to the liquid receptacle below the supporting device and constructed to bear
against the lower portion of the back of the operator whereby to hold the recep-
tacle against lateral movement.
In the preferred construction and organization thereof shown in Figs. 2 and 3,
the supporting device D is constructed from a single piece of heavy rigid wire
bent and twisted substantially midway of its length to form a loop 27, whereby
the same may be, as shown in Fig. 3, attached to a hook or attaching device 271
fixed to the outer face of the receptacle, the outwardly projecting arms or end
strands of the wire being separated or diverging from the point 28¹ to form the
bifurcated end of the supporting device, the two end strands 29 and 30 thereof
being correspondingly curved or bowed to adapt them to the shape of the shoulders
of the operator, said strands being adapted for engaging the shoulders
at opposite sides, respectively, of the neck of said operator, as will be readily
understood by reference to Fig. 2. In practice the end strands 29 and 30 of the
supporting device will be padded or covered with flexible material for obvious
reasons, said strands being shown in the accompanying drawing as covered by
tubes which may be of rubber or any suitable material.
It is not desired to limit this invention to the particular construction of sup-
porting device shown in the accompanying drawing as modifications thereof may
be employed without departure from this invention.
The back-rest or brace D¹ in the form thereof shown most clearly in Fig. 3,
comprises a horizontally disposed curved bar 31, constructed to embrace the back
of the operator and having at opposite ends thereof inwardly projecting hori-
zontal arms 32 and 33 respectively, bent at their inner ends downwardly, at 34
and 35. and which inner ends are supported in eyes or sleeves 36 and 37 secured
to opposite side faces of the receptacle B, near the lower end thereof.
In practice, the back-rest or brace will be perferably constructed of a single
piece of wire bent in the form shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawing, and the
inner ends thereof will be removably seated in the eyes or sleeves 36 and 37.
As a simple and convenient means of supporting the discharge nozzle of the
apparatus, when not in use, in a vertical position upon the receptacle, said nozzle
is provided at one end thereof with a longitudinally disposed depending hook 38,
and the receptacle is furnished on the outer face thereof, in the proper locality
with an eye or sleeve 39, to receive said hook whereby the nozzle may be sus-
pended on said receptacle in vertical parallelism therewith in the manner shown
in Fig. 2 of the drawing; and to prevent lateral displacement of the lower end
of the nozzle a clip or hook 40 is secured to the receptacle B in position for engag-
ing the lower portion of said nozzle as will be readily understood by: reference to
said figure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
―
1. A spraying apparatus embodying a liquid receptacle having a valve-con-
trolled discharge nozzle in communication with the interior and the lower end
thereof; an atomizing member secured to the discharge end of said nozzle and
embodying a stream deflector disposed in alignment with, and in advance of,
the discharge opening of said nozzle; an air-pump disposed within the liquid
receptacle and including a cylinder having a perforated diametrically reduced
extension at the lower end thereof in close proximity to the bottom of said
receptacle; an open-ended flexible tubular valve surrounding the reduced exten-

page_text: sion of the pump-cylinder, the construction of the parts being such, that a plenum
of air, under pressure, will be stored in the receptacle above the liquid on occȧ-
sional operations of the pump.
2. In a spraying apparatus, the combination with a liquid receptacle, of an
air-pump disposed within, and having its discharge end terminated above the
bottom of, said. receptacle; a discharge-nozzle having a plug valve fixed to the
inner end and at one side thereof and pivotally supported in a valve-case.com-
municating with the interior of the receptacle near the bottom thereof; and an
atomizing member carried at the discharge end of said nozzle."
C
3. A. spraying apparatus comprehending a liquid receptacle including means for
storing air under pressure above the liquid contained in said receptacle; a dis-
charge nozzle including a setable. regulating valve for controlling the density of
the discharge, and an automatically closable cutoff valve for controling the
supply; and an atomizing member secured to the outer end of said nozzle and
embodying a stream-deflecting cone fixedly secured with its apex in advance of,
and central with relation to, the outer end of the discharge nozzle, and having
the apex truncated in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said
nozzle..
4. In a spraying device, the combination with a liquid receptacle, and with an
air-pump disposed therein and operable for storing air under pressure above the
liquid contained in said receptacle, of a discharge nozzle communicating with the
interior of said receptacle near the lower end thereof and embodying two valves,
one of which is fixed to the rear end of the nozzle at one side and is pivotally sup-
ported in a casing communicating with the receptacle and constitutes a cut-off
valve operable on the swinging of the nozzle to vertical and horizontal positions
for cutting-off and establishing, respectively, communication between the dis-
charge end of said nozzle and the interior of said receptacle, and the other valve
of which constitutes a stream-regulating valve,- and is disposed between the cut-
off valve and the discharge end of said nozzle; and an atomizing member fixed to
the discharge end of said nozzle.
5. In a spraying apparatus, the combination with a liquid receptacle and with
an air-pump disposed in said receptacle and constructed and operated to store a
plenum of air under pressure above the liquid contained in said receptacle; a
pivotally supported dischargo nozzle communicating with the interior of the
receptacle and embodying a fixed valve member which constitutes the pivot on
which said nozzle is adapted to swing for establishing the cutting off communi-
,cation between the discharge end of said nozzle and the interior of said recep-
tacle; a retracting device in connection with and effective normally for holding
the nozzle in a stream-cutting-off-position; and an atomizing member secured to
the discharge end of said nozzle..
6. A spraying apparatus, including a liquid receptacle; an air-pump operable
for storing air under pressure in said receptacle; a discharge nozzle connecting
with said receptacle; an atomizing member secured to the discharge end of said
.nozzle; an automatically closable cut-off valve in connection with said nozzle;
and a setable regulating valve connected with said nozzle between the atomizing
member and cut-off valve.
7. In a spraying apparatus, the combination with a liquid receptacle and with
means for storing air under pressure in said receptacle, of a discharge.nozzle com-
municating with said receptacle and including stream regulating means; and an
atomizer secured to the discharge end of said nozzle and embodying a tubular
portion having a small longitudinal opening communicating with said nozzle
and a stream-deflecting cone having a plane-faced apex located in advance of the
discharge end of the tubular portion and in alignment with the central opening
.thereof..
8. The combination with the liquid receptacle having a. hook or attaching
-device secured to the side face thereof, of a substantially-rigid bifurcated support-
i

page_text: ing device movably secured at its inner end to said hook and having its outer
end constructed to engage over and fit both shoulders of the operator.
9. The combination with a liquid receptacle having a hook or attaching device
secured to the side face near the middle portion thereof, of a substantially-rigid
supporting device having at the inner end thereof a loop in movable connection
with said hook and having at the outer end thereof two outwardly extending
curved arms constructed to fit over and engage both shoulders of the operator,
whereby the apparatus may be conveniently carried in an upright position.
10. A spraying apparatus comprehending a liquid receptacle having a discharge
nozzle in communication therewith; a bifurcated supporting device pivotally con-
nected with said receptacle and having two normally-curved divergent end strands
or arms constructed to fit over the shoulders of an operator at opposite sides,
respectively, of the neck, whereby the apparatus may be carried in an upright
position; and means, substantially as described, in connection with, and effective
for supporting the nozzle in an upright position on, the liquid receptacle.
11. An apparatus of the class specified including a liquid receptacle; a dis-
charge nozzie communicating with said receptacle; a hook or attaching device
secured to said receptacle; a bifurcated supporting device shiftably secured to
said attaching device; and having two outwardly extending normally-curved
ig d arms constructed to fit over the shoulders of the operator; an eye or loop
secured to said receptacle; and a hook secured to the nozzle and adapted to enter
the said loop, whereby said nozzle may be supported on the receptacle in paral-
lelism therewith, substantially as described.
12. The combination, in an apparatus of the class specified, of a liquid recep-
tacle having an attaching device secured to the outer face thereof substantially
midway between opposite ends thereof; a bifurcated supporting device pivotally
secured to said attaching device and having its outwardly extended arms normally
curved to fit over the shoulders of the operator; a pad or flexible covering secured
to said arms; and a back-rest secured to the receptacle near the bottom thereof
and having a curved horizontally disposed bar adapted to fit the back of the
operator, substantially as described.
1000
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.