Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th May, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 14th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1889
I GEORGE HENRY COUCH of 64 Upland Villas, Selsdon Road, Croydon in the
County of Surrey, Timber and General Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
I form the outside ordinary metal, stone or cement window sill suitably shaped to
slope from window board. A groove close to the edge of the window board serves to
receive the edge of a metal shield, on which I form a sharp projecting surface for the
bottom sash to shut against. The bottom edge of this shield may enter (to exclude
moisture from access between these parts) the groove formed on the face of sill, or a
flange may be secured to the surface.
I dispense with the ordinary wood sill, and window nosing, and I prefer to employ
a window board fitting to the sash, and receiving the metal shield by which the said
window board is protected, the sash also passing over it. To the window board is
affixed all the upper part of the framing of the window. Stiles or stile and covering
piece are provided at each side of the frame; preferably the stile and covering piece is
made in two parts, the ends of the back part of these stiles are tongued to fit grooves
in the head and window board. The head I preferably form in two parts the underpart
on the outside has a projection to cover the joint between arch and frame, and on the
inside bottom edge a tapered groove to receive a corresponding tongue on the top
edge of sash, on the outer side of outside lining. A projection intersecting with that
on the head conveniently serves to cover the joint between reveal and frame. On the
inside of the lining, I form a tongue, preferably of metal, to project inwards from the
lining, for the sashes to slide on, and to exclude air. The bottom junction of the frame
and sill I form preferably of circular metal shaped to the path described by the bottom
sash when turning on its pivot, in cross section conforming to the inner edge of the
outside lining. The sash stiles are rebated on the outside to receive the tongue or
projection on the inside of the outside linings, the bottom ends of bottom sash stiles or
sheaths (for centres) fixed to stiles are made partially circular sufficiently to clear the
outside lining, and the outer edge of bottom rail is recessed, to prevent lodgment of
water, and rebated, so that when the bottom sash is turned into its vertical position it
shall grip the sharp edge on face of shield on edge of window board. The meeting
surface of the sash bottom that rides against the projecting surface of shield 1 prefer to
cover with metal, the bottom edge of the said metal covering to extend to face of

page_text: sill. The joint between meeting rails of the two sashes when in the same plane verti-
cally and closed may be covered with a metal or other shield having on its flat inside
part a sharp edge for the meeting rail of bottom sash to shut upon, so as to make the
joint airtight. The top rail of upper sash I form taper or tongued to fit a corresponding
groove in head of frame. This top rail of upper sash is also bevelled on its outside edge
for the purpose of its entering more easily and tightly when it is shut. Each sash
I prefer to make to balance the other to avoid counterweighting, and a cord, band or
chain attached to centres or pivots, fixed near to the bottom of each sash, a suitable
grooved wheel being fixed on a pivot, the pivot, to be inserted, and screwed to the
back pulley and pivot stile at suitable distance from the head of frame, both sashes are
thus suspended over the wheels and are free to move up and down, guided by the
centres or pivots in suitable grooves. For the top sash I prefer a vertical groove
parallel to the sashes-formed partly-by the covering piece and partly by the stile. A
side tongue is formed on the upper outer edge of the covering piece, with a corre-
sponding groove in the edge of the stile of the top sash. For the bottom sash on and
extending under the face of the covering piece or partly in the stile is formed a partly
curved, partly vertical groove, in cross section. L shaped, to allow of the bottom sash
passing up inside of the top sash. To the bottom centres, or pivots, whichever are
made to work in the said curved grooves I attach links or levers and a weight, the
weight if desired to work in a suitable groove formed in the stile. The centres of the
three joints are not made lineable, the first link or lever being made wider at the top,
so that the said weight by gravitation throws the links, or leyers, out at an angle into
corresponding notches formed in the back of the L shaped groove. Thus the bottom
sash is secured and cannot be lifted from the outside, until the cord attached to the
weight (which passes over a pulley above) is pulled, which at the same time lifts the
weight, and straightens the links or levers, and also lifts the bottom sash. To retain
both sashes at the top, a catch on the frame engages the bottom sash. The band or a
cord worked by hand serving to raise the top sash, and the cord or connection passes
through the hollow centre or pivot of bottom sash, and passing over pulleys fixed at
or near the bottom of stile and a catch on the window board or stile. This cord may
be used for pulling down the bottom sash, thus the sashes are opened and closed by
pulling either of the two cords, without necessarily touching the sashes. Near the
lower corners of each sash I preferably fix the centres on which the said sashes revolve,
the said centres being inserted in sheaths, holding them therein by inserting screws
from the face of sashes, thus the sashes may be easily removed from the pivots, and
window without removing or damaging any portion. To the upper corners of the
stiles of bottom sash I fix plates having each a pin for one end of lever to revolve upon,
the other end of the lever being attached to a slide which is free to be moved up and
down in the curved groove in the covering piece, this sliding piece has a fulcrum pin
for a lever. To the said pin is also fixed a bandle or button adapted to be connected
to a cord capable of passing over a pulley above when the window is high for the
purpose of aiding lifting the lever and slide. Another cord attached to the end of
the lever may aid turning of the bottom sash under the top sash, and pulling down the
said slide and lever to secure both sashes and force them out tight on to the edges
formed on outside linings, and edge on metal shield. Another cord fixed to top of
'bottom'sash may aid withdrawal of the bottom sash from under the top sash, the cords
working both sashes when they cannot be reached by hand, but when readily accessible
by hand they may be wholly dispensed with, the button giving finger hold.
→
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the 'Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Window Sashes and Frames and Fittings therefor.
1, GEORGE HENRY COUCH of 64 Upland Villas, Selsdon Road, Croydon in the County
of Surrey, Timber and General Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the window sashes and frame.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view through the same.
and spring e.
Fig. 3 is a vertical side sectional view showing the pulley pivot stiles.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the same taken at right angles to Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a separate view of the face of the centre for the bottom sash.
Fig. 6 is a like view of the centre for the top sash and adjacent parts.
Fig. 7 is a front view of one of the hinges e with stop piece
I form the outside ordinary metal, stone, cement or other window sill a, suitably
shaped to slope from the window board. a' is a groove close to the edge of the window
board into which is partially let a metal shield, having a sharp projecting edge, for
the sash on which is preferably fixed the metal plate 8, also having a sharp edge to
shut against. The bottom edge of this shield bin the groove a¹ on the face of the
sill a, serves to exclude moisture between the sill a and window board c.
I dispense
with the ordinary wood sill, and window nosing, and I prefer to employ a window
board e fitting to the lower sash d, as shown, the sash bottom covering the front of
window board, and shield. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the window-board c carries
all the upper part of the framing of the window. Or the window hoard may be cut
away to fit in grooves in between each of the pulley pivot stiles e. Pulley pivot
stiles e, e, and covering pieces el, el are provided at each side of the window. The
tops el of these stiles e are tongued to fit grooves in the head fand are similarly fitted
at the bottom to the window board e in the ordinary manner, or they may be fitted at
the head only, as ordinarily, and grooved near the bottom to receive the ends of the
window board c. The covering piece e¹ on each side of the window is hinged to one of
the pulley pivot stiles e, and when the window is closed the covering piece e comes
over the grooves g, g in which work the chains g' and pivots g, and these covering
pieces el serve as levers to secure both sashes and force the rebate tightly against
the edges of the tongue e formed on the inside of the projection et of the pulley pivot
stile e, this part constituting the ordinary outside lining.
The tongue runs along the projection e*, and down to and partly around the
hinge or pivot h of the lower sash & which turns thereon, and besides serves to make a
tight joint from wet or dust.
The bottom meeting rail d shuts against the metal shield d² on the upper sash d¹
which slides on the tongue e³.
The cover pieces el have grooves on their back sides to form a guide for the upper
part of the bottom sash d when the cover pieces el are turned back in the centres of
One or more of the said
hingese into the position shown by dotted lines (Fig. 2).

page_text: hinges on each side has a stop e acted upon by a spring e8, (see Fig. 7) to prevent
the covering piece e¹ being turned in a line with face of pulley pivot stile e. The head f
I preferably form as shown in two parts, in the underpart on the outside is an angular
groove f¹ for a corresponding part or tongue on the top edge of sash d³.
The part (shown in Fig. 1, and by dotted lines in Fig. 3) may be dispensed with
and the head may be made with a straight inner side as shown in Fig. 3 and a
piece
of metal may be fixed on the wedge shaped part to fit against a correspondingly
shaped piece of metal secured to the pulley pivot stile e.
The bottom edges of the pieces et have tongues adapted to enter groovese in the
sill a.
The sides of these pieces et, (preferably of metal) have each a groove e³ for the
ends of the metal shield 6 on the window board c.
The chains g of each sash, each work in grooves g, running from the centre of the
axis of the bottom sash. The grooves g deviate from a straight line for a certain
distance, then run in vertical parallel lines, the outer groove for top sash, and the inner
for bottom sash, that for the top sash being arranged so as to provide for clearance of
the bottom outer angle.
e,
The bottom ends of bottom sash stiles i, or sheaths for centres fixed to stiles, are
made circular to clear the outside lining projection et on pulley pivot stiles and the,
outer edge of bottom rail d is recessed at to exclude water. The inner edge of
bottom rail is rebated and made partially circular, so that when the bottom sash is
turned into its vertical position it shall grip the sharp edge b' on face of the shield b
on edge of window board c. d is a metal shield piece to cover the joint between
the meeting rails d', d of the two sashes when in the same plane vertically and
closed.
This shield piece d on its inside has a sharp edge de for the meeting rail of bottom
sash to shut upon, to facilitate tightness of fit and for like purpose; on the inside of
botton meeting rail is fixed a moulding d to cover the interior joint, between the
meeting rails d¹ and d³.
Each sash I prefer to make to balance the other, to avoid counterweighting, and the
cord, band, or chain g is attached to centres, or pivots g² fixed near to the bottom of
cach sash. A suitable grooved wheel j is fixed on a pivot j¹, in and parallel with the
face of the pulley pivot stiles e (and not at right angles with face of pulley pivot stiles
as usual). The pivot j¹ is inserted, and screwed to the pulley pivot stile e at a suitable
distance from the head of frame f both sashes d, d³ are thus suspended over the
wheels and are free to move up and down, being guided by centres, or sliding pivots g²
in suitable grooves y. p is a bolt working in groove pl for the purpose of guiding the
top sash d³. The bottom sash d slides partly in the diagonal (or it may be curved)
inner grooves and partly in the angular grooves in covering pieces e¹, so as to allow
of the bottom sash passing up inside of the top sash d³. One of the bottom and
top centres or pivots 2 and g³ which are made to work in the said grooves g is made
hollow, and the cord, chain or band g¹ (preferably of wire) to which is connected the
cord, passes through the hollow centre, or pivot preferably formed on the back of the
slide secured to the bottom sash, and passing over pulleys fixed in angles of
frame c. fe conveys the cord under the window board e to a large pulley, or drum
(not shown) fixed under the window board, the said pulley, or drum, being acted upon
by a handle operated on by hand, and by a spiral spring to take up the slack cord,
when the sash is pulled down; thus the cord k is wound around the said pulleys, and
the cord, band, or chain g¹ is drawn through the hollow centre or pivot formed at the
back of the slide 9, thus the top sash may be drawn to the top, and retained by a
suitable catch (not shown) fixed on the frame e, the bottom sash d being previously left
at the top and retained in the same way or vice versa. For the purpose of raising the
sash to the top of the window the spring roller may be made use of by attaching the
bottom of the blind to either sash. The cord k, pulley and other operating parts may
thus be dispensed with.
Thus both sashes may be brought to the top when desired. Near the lower corners
of each sash d and d 1 preferably fix the centres h, ', they being inserted in
sheaths 2, respectively, and being held therein by inserting screws h³, h³ from the

page_text: face or preferably outside of sashes. Thus the sashes may be easily removed from the
pivots, without removing or damaging any portion.
In order to prevent the lower sash being lifted from the outside when brought
inwards, a lever m, pivotted at m¹ to the pulley pivot stiles e, is pressed into a notch in
the pivot slide 9 by a spring.m². When it is required to release the lever m from the
inside, a cord n fixed to the lever m is pulled thus releasing the lever m from the notch
in the pivot slide g³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is:
The combination or arrangement and use, of parts of window sashes, frames and
fittings therefor substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.
Dated the 14th day of February 1000.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Agents for the Applicant.