Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture. of Material for Filtering Water, Sewage Effluents, Saccharine Juices, Alcoholic Liquors, Illuminating Gas, and other Liquids and. Fluids, and' for Use in the Manufacture. of Steel.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July,, 1896-Accepted, 17th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL. SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture. of
Material for Filtering Water, Sewage Effluents, Saccharine
Juices, Alcoholic Liquors, Illuminating Gas, and other
Liquids and. Fluids, and' for Use in the Manufacture. of
Steel.
1, GEORGE MACDONALD of 7 Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London,
Mechanical Engineer dó hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce in a cheap, convenient and expeditious
manner from certain iron ores a material applicable to the filtering.or purifying of
water, sewage effluents, saccharine juices, alcoholic liquors and other liquids and of
illuminating gas, sewer gas, air and other gases, to the depriving chalybeate water
of its iron, and peaty water and other liquids of their colour: this material can
also be made suitable for use in the manufacture of steel.
The material employed is iron ore whether in the form of peroxide or protexide,
pyrites, waste materials from aniline dye works, amorphons chlorite, chlorite slate,
earthy chlorites and other materials-capable of being, reduced in the manner to be
described into porous solid or powdery magnetic oxide of iron.
1 place the material to be treated in horizontal, slanting or upright retorts by
preference provided with perforated shelves or gratings; the retorts may be
stationary or movable or provided with stirring or raking appliances. The retorts
are heated by gaseous.or other fuel. The reducing agents which I' employ, for
deoxydizing the material are liquid oils, such for instance as petroleum waste,
sugar waste, blue paraffin or other hydrocarbon oil, which is introduced in the
form of a spray or dropwise or in a very, thin sheet delivered in regulated'
quantities to the lower part of the retort, where it is vapourized and rises up
through the oxide, passing off by a. pipe. Or I use coke, anthracite, nsphalt or
other suitable carbonaceous material in the proper required proportion which is
delivered to or into the retort by an Archimedean screw or other. mechanical
appliance together with air as required in regulated quantity for producing.
carbonic oxide. Sometimes I mix or saturate the oxide material beforehand with
the oil or other deoxydizing substance and deliver this mixture into the retort by
mechanical means. By continuing the process beyond the time just requisite for
the production of a filtering material produce a material containing a larger
percentage of carbon which is also suitable for filtering purposes but especially for
use in the manufacture of steel, and which may be termed steel oxidė.
•

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of
Material for Filtering Water, Sewage Effluents, Saccharine
Juices, Alcoholio Liquors, Illuminating Gas, and other
Liquids and Fluids, and for Use in the Manufacture of
Steel.
I, GEORGE MACDONALD, of 7 Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London,
Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to produce in a cheap, convenient and expeditious
manner from certain iron ores a material applicable to the filtering or purifying of
water, sewage effluents, saccharine juices, alcoholic liquors and other liquids and of
illuminating gas, sewer gas, air, and other gases, to the depriving chalybento water
of its iron, and peaty water and other liquids of their colour also for depriving
sulphuretted and phosphoretted hydrogen of their smell. This material can also
be made suitable for use in the manufacture of steel.
The material employed is iron ore in the form of peroxide, pyrites, waste
materials from aniline dye works, amorphous chlorite, chlorite slate, earthy
chlorites, and other materials capable of being reduced in the manner described
into porous solid or powdery magnetic oxide of iron. Iron ore containing
protoxide of iron may also be utilized if it has first been roasted so as to convert it
into peroxide.
The reducing agents which I employ for partly deoxydizing the aforesaid
materials are cheap bydrocarbon oils such, for instance, as petroleum waste, blue
paraffin oil or sugar waste.
The material to be treated reduced to small pieces about or inch in diameter
is placed in horizontal, slanting or upright retorts, by preference provided with
perforated shelves or gratings. The retorts may be stationary or movable, or
provided with stirring or raking appliances.
The drawing is a vertical cross section through a horizontal or slanting retort A
provided with a perforated grating or slielf B, resting on ledges A', and adapted
to receive the material to be treated. The oil is introduced in the form of a spray,
for instance by air pressure in the upper part of an oil supply vessel, or dropwise,
or in a very thin sheet delivered in regulated quantities by the inlet Ċ to the lower
part of the retort in which retort it is vapourized while it rises and passes up
through the oxides on the grating B, passing off by a pipo at the other end.
Or instead of the said oils, which are very cheap and easily obtainable.
anywhere, I may use coke, anthracite, asphalt or other suitable carbonaceous
material, which is delivered to or into the retort A by an Archimedean screw, or.
other suitable mechanical appliance together with air as required, in regulated
quantity for producing carbonic oxide.
Sometimes I mix or saturate the material to be treated with the oil and
deliver this mixture into an onlinary retort in regulated quantity by mechanical
means.
The retorts are heated by gaseous or other fuel and kept at a dull red heat until
the material is sufficiently reduced, that is to say till it is freely attracted by a
magnet, being of a full black colour, and containing a proportion of oxygen
between that of ferrous oxide and ferric oxide.
By continuing the process beyond the time just requisite for the production of a
Altering material as described I produce a material containing a larger percentage

page_text: of carbon and also suitable for filtering purposes but of especial use in the-
manufacture of steel, and which may be termed steel oxide.
The material having been treated as described is then removed from the retort.
into a closed vessel and allowed to cool therein, but I do not claim this as part of
my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
olaim is
1. The manufacture of a porous magnetic oxide of iron by treating materials.
such as named in a retort A heated to a dull red heat with reducing agents such as.
named, which are delivered in regulated quantities in the form of a spray or other
comminuted form into the retort wherein it is vaporized while it rises and
passes up through the material and passes off by a pipe, substantially as set
forth.
2. The modified mode of manufacture of a porous magnetic oxide of iron.
according to which the materials to be treated are mixed with the oily reducing
agent and the mixture delivered into a retort by mechanical means substantially as
set forth.
8. The manufacture of a stoel oxide according to the mode firstly or secondly
olaimed but so that the process is carried on beyond the time just requisite for the.
production of the filtering material, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 28...
1000
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.