Improvements in Apparatus for Spraying Colour, Slip, Glaze, and Enamel.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th July, 1900-Accepted, 29th Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Spraying Colour, Slip, Glaze,
and Enamel.
We, GEORGE EDWARD HOLLOWAY, General Manager, and a Corporate body,
trading as B. DELLAGANA AND COMPANY LIMITED, Electrotypers, all of 1, Gresham
Buildings, Basinghall Street, London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus adapted in a very simple form to spray
more or less dense or viscous liquids, such as paints, slip, glaze, or enamel, over
surfaces of considerable extent, with a uniform deposit of the colouring matter
upon the desired surface, the said apparatus being thus particularly adaptable
for the decoration of pottery, glass, or other ceramic and enamel ware with
colour, in substitution of hand painting, or hand stenciling.
The difficulties sought to be overcome by this invention are those attending the
lifting of a more or less dense or viscous liquid, such as a heavy paint, and the
distribution of the same over a square or other shaped surface, so that the colour
is uniformly distributed over the whole of such surface, with the least waste of
the colour used.
To overcome these difficulties the apparatus is characterized essentially by
a constant movement amongst the body of the paint of the induction tubes which
are lifting the paint, so that the lifting is being constantly taken from a fresh
place and further by a movement of the paint ejecting nozzles over the surface
to be coloured, either as a rectilinear or reciprocating movement where the
surface to be coloured is square or rectilinear, or as a circular movement where
the surface to be covered is circular, such movements of the spraying apparatus
being accompanied by an agitation or stirring of the colour.
One form of appliance conveniently adapted to uniformly spray a square or
rectilinear surface, is a series of spray ejecting nozzles mounted upon a tube
resting horizontally in bearings in the sides of a tank or chamber containing
the colour to be sprayed.
The said horizontal tube is adapted to receive internally, compressed air, as
the spraying power, which issues from the vertical nozzles surrounding and
inducing an upward current of paint through a central tube, which descends by
a tail tube into and below the surface of the paint.
The said horizontal tube, with its vertical spraying nozzles and its depending
suction tubes, is caused to rock backwards and forwards about its axis by any
convenient reciprocating mechanism from a shafting or motor, or even by hand,
the spray nozzles thus covering a considerable rectilinear area above them with
a uniform spray.
The air supply tube is provided with a cock by which the
supply of paint can be started, regulated, or stopped, at will, whilst the rocking
of the spray tube may continue.
The lower suction tubes thus move about in the paint by the rocking motion,
and an agitator arm or arms may be affixed to the said horizontal tube so as to
still further stir and agitate the paint.
Alternatively, a circular air receiving vessel having a series of vertical spray

page_text: nozzles thereon with induction tubes depending into the paint may be caused to
rotate by the action of the air blast escaping from the reservoir tangentially,
so that the spray nozzles travel in circumferences of circles over the surface to
be sprayed.
In both cases the surfaces to be sprayed may be moved relatively to the
spraying apparatus, but as a rule it is not convenient to move the surfaces with
their stencil adjuncts, and the apparatus as above described will suffice to produce
a uniform coating of paint upon any desired surface at rest.
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
:
Improvements in Apparatus for Spraying Colour, Slip, Glaze,
and Enamel.
We, GEORGE EDWARD HOLLOWAY, General Manager, and a Corporate body,
trading as B. DELLAGANA AND COMPANY LIMITED, Electrotypers, all of 1, Gresham
Buildings, Basinghall Street, London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus adapted in a very simple form to spray
more or less dense or viscous líquids, such as paints, slip, glaze, or enamel, over
surfaces of considerable extent, with a uniform deposit of the colouring matter
upon the desired surface, the said apparatus being thus particularly adaptable
for the decoration of pottery, glass or other ceramic and enamel ware, with
colour, in substitution of hand painting or hand stencilling.
The difficulties sought to be overcome by this invention are those attending
the lifting of a more or less dense or viscous liquid, such as a heavy paint, and
the distribution of the same over a square or other shaped surface, so that
the colour is uniformly distributed over the whole of such surface, with the least
waste of the colour used.
To overcome these difficulties the apparatus is characterized essentially by a
constant movement amongst the body of the paint of the induction tubes which
are lifting the paint, so that the lifting is being constantly taken from a fresh
place, and further by a movement of the paint ejecting nozzles over the surface
to be coloured, either as a rectilinear or rocking movement where the surface to
be coloured is square or rectilinear, or as a circular movement where the surface
to be covered is circular, such movement of the spraying apparatus being accom-
panied by an agitation or stirring of the colour.
And in order that this invention may be the better understood we now pro-
ceed to describe the same, reference being had to the drawings & to the letters
and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an isometric view of our apparatus, the case being broken to show
interior arrangements.
Figure 2 is a vertical enlarged section through the spraying induction nozzle.
Figures 3 and 4 are a longitudinal and transverse sectional view of a modified
apparatus, having a circular movement of the spraying nozzles.
We mount the spraying nozzles A A vertically upon a horizontal tube B, rest-
ing in bearings in the sides of a tank or chamber C, containing the colour D to
he sprayed. In the case of Figure 1 this tube B is a straight tube imparting
merely a rocking movement to the nozzles B when the tube is partially rotated

page_text: backwards and forwards, suitable for spraying a flat surface, such as a tile E;
but in Figure 3 we crank the tube B so that the spraying nozzles A. travel
in a circular path about the underside of any circular object to be sprayed,
such as a jug F.
The tube B receives internally, by the connecting elastic tubes G, a supply of
compressed air or gas from any suitable source such as a compression pump or a
compressed gas reservoir.
This compressed air or gas entering the nozzles in an annulus about the central
induction tube H (Figure 2) acts as the spraying power, inducing an upward
current of paint through the said induction tube H from the reservoir of paint
below.
The issuing force of the compressed air or gas serves to break up the paint
into a fine spray.
The induction tube H is continued by an elastic tube H', which hangs to
the bottom of the paint tank as in Figure where the lifting movement is not
great; or, as in Figure 3, rests in an intermediate hanging tank K, which being
hung from the cranked tube B, lifts with it, to keep the supply constant to the
nozzles, and is refilled as it passes the lowest point of its travel.
The rocking of the tube B with its attached nozzles and suction tubes may
be effected by a hand lever L or by a connecting rod M to any convenient
reciprocating mechanism from a shafting or motor.
The air supply tube is provided with a cock N by which the spraying of the
paint can be started, regulated as to quantity, or stopped, at will, whilst the
rocking of the spray tubes may continue if mechanically connected.
.
The lower suction tubes H¹ thus move about in the paint by reason of the
rocking motion of the tube B, and keep the paint in agitation, but an additional
agitator P in the shape of a bar or bars may be fixed to the said tube B to ensure
still further stirring and agitating of the paint.
The above apparatus will be found to produce a uniform coating of paint upon
any desired surface either flat or circular.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1st. An apparatus for spraying colour slip, glaze, enamel and the like, in
which the spraying nozzles are given a reciprocating rocking or circular motion,
relatively to the surface of the fixed article, which it is desired to colour with
a uniform tint, substantially as described.
2nd. In an apparatus for spraying colour, slip, glaze, enamel and the like.
a straight tube, mounted, free to rotate, in the sides of a paint reservoir, and
adapted to receive a supply of compressed air; means for rocking the same;
spray nozzles mounted thereon; an agitator mounted on said tube; and induc-
tion tubes placed internally to the said nozzles, having suction tubes depending
in the paint reservoir, substantially as described.
3rd. In an apparatus for spraying colour, slip, glaze, enamel, and the like,
a cranked tube mounted free to rotate in the sides of a paint reservoir, and
adapted to receive a supply of compressed air; means for rocking the said
cranked tube; spray nozzles mounted thereon having induction tubes internal
to the said nozzles, depending in an auxiliary paint tank suspended from said
cranked tube; substantially as described.
100th day of July
.
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.