IMPROVEMENTS IN CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Jackson, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS."
Sealed the 21st February 1873, and dated the 6th September 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th September 1872.
I, GEORGE JACKSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS," to be
as follows:-
1
My Invention consists of the construction and combinations or
arrangements of parts herein-after described for giving the required
reciprocating sliding motion to the moveable cutter or cutting plate of
clippers for clipping horses and other animals, by which construction and
combinations great compactness and simplicity of the parts, together

page_text: with a smooth and easy motion in the moveable cutter or cutting plate
are secured.
The clipper consists essentially of a serrated fixed or bottom plate
upon which the serrated moveable cutter or cutting plate slides, the said
moveable cutter working between the said fixed bottom plate and a cap
or cover, and being guided by pins on the said bottom plate, taking into.
slots in the moveable cutter.
The clipper is held by a fixed handle secured to the bottom plate, and
the moveable cutter is worked by a lever or moveable handle jointed to
the said bottom plate, the parts for transmitting the motion of the
moveable handle to the moveable cutter being constructed and arranged
as follows: The extreme end of the short arm of the moveable handle
is cranked or bent at right angles or nearly so to the other part, the said
cranked end being furnished with a stud. Between the fixed and
moveable handles of the clipper and parallel therewith is a lever or link;
the outer or bottom end of this lever is jointed to an arm on the fixed
handle, and the top or inner end of the said lever is provided with a stud
which takes into a hole in the moveable cutter. The joint by which the
said lever is jointed to the fixed handle is so made as to permit of a little
play of the said lever upon the said joint. At the upper end of the said
lever and at a short distance below the stud which connects it to the
moveable cutter is a second stud which takes into a hole in the cranked
end herein-before described of the moveable handle. By moving the
moveable handle to and from the fixed handle the said moveable handle
turns on its axis or centre, the cranked end of its short arm moving
through a small angle. The motion of the cranked end of the moveable
handle is transmitted through the lever between the two handles to the
moveable cutting plate, the said lever turning on its joint at the fixed
handle, and a reciprocating sliding motion is thereby communicated to
the moveable cutting plate upon the fixed cutting plate, and the hair of
the animal is cut off between the teeth of the said two plates in the
ordinary way.
In order to avoid the curvilinear motion of the cranked end of the
moveable handle, as in the arrangement described, a link situated and
working at right angles to the short arm of the moveable handle may be
employed in place of the said cranked end; this link is connected at one
end to the lever between the two handles, a stud on the said lever

page_text: taking into a hole in the link and at its opposite end to the short arm
of the moveable handle, the connection of the said handle to the link
being effected by a stud on the latter taking into a hole or eye in the
former.
When a to-and-fro motion is given to the moveable handle the short
arm of the said moveable handle gives a rectilinear reciprocating
motion to the said link, and through the middle lever to the moveable
cutting plate.
The link described may be prolonged beyond the point at which
it is connected to the middle lever and the said prolonged end be
connected to the moveable cutting plate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Jackson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th February 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
JACKSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said George Jackson, Her special
license, that I, the said George Jackson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Jackson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN CLIPPERS FOR CLIPPING HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS,” upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Jackson, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
imme liately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Jackson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of the construction and combinations or
arrangements of parts herein-after described for giving the required
reciprocating sliding motion to the moveable cutter or cutting plate of
clippers for clipping horses and other animals, by which construction and
combinations great compactness and simplicity of the parts, together
with a smooth and easy motion in the moveable cutter or cutting plate
are secured.
The clipper consists essentially of a serrated fixed or bottom plate
upon which the serrated moveable cutter or cutting plate slides, the said
moveable cutter working between the said fixed bottom plate and a cap
or cover, and being guided by pins on the the said bottom plate taking
into slots in the moveable cutter.
The clipper is held by a fixed handle secured to the bottom plate, and
the moveable cutter is worked by a lever or moveable handle jointed to
the said bottom plate, the parts for transmitting the motion of the
moveable handle to the moveable cutter being constructed and arranged
as follows:-The extreme end of the short arm of the moveable handle
is cranked or bent at right angles or nearly so to the other part, the said
cranked end being furnished with a stud. Between the fixed and
moveable handles of the clipper and parallel therewith is a lever or link ;
the outer or bottom end of this lever is jointed to an arm on the fixed
handle, and the top or inner end of the said lever is provided with a stud
which takes into a hole in the moveable cutter; the joint by which the
said lever is jointed to the fixed handle is so made as to permit of a little
play of the said lever upon the said joint. At the upper end of the said
lever and at a short distance below the stud which connects it to the
moveable cutter is a second stud which takes into a hole in the cranked
end herein-before described of the moveable handle. By moving the

page_text: moveable handle to and from the fixed handle the said handle turns on
its axis or centre, the cranked end of its short arm moving through a
small angle. The motion of the cranked end of the moveable handle
is transmitted through the lever between the two handles to the
moveable cutting plate, the said lever turning on its joint at the fixed
handle, and reciprocating sliding motion is thereby communicated to.
the moveable cutting plate upon the fixed cutting plate, and the hair of
the animal is cut off between the teeth of the said two plates in the
ordinary way.
In order to avoid the curvilinear motion of the cranked end of the
moveable handle as in the arrangement described, a link situated and
working at right angles to the short arm of the moveable handle may be
employed in place of the said cranked end; this link is connected at one
end to the lever between the two handles, a stud on the said lever
taking into a hole in the link and at its opposite end to the short arm
of the moveable handle, the connection of the said handle to the link
being effected by a stud on the latter taking into a hole or eye in the
former.
When a to-and-fro motion is given to the moveable handle, the short
arm of the said moveable handle gives a reciprocating motion to the said
link and through the middle lever to the moveable cutting plate.
The link described may be prolonged beyond the point at which it is
connected to the middle lever and the said prolonged end be connected
to the moveable cutting plate.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation (the covering cap being
removed) a clipper containing one of the arrangements constituting my
Invention; Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same with the covering cap
applied thereto; and Figures 3 and 4 are parts of the same as herein-
after explained.
a is the fixed serrated cutter or cutting plate and b is the moveable
cutter or cutting plate, the said moveable cutter working between the
bottom plate a and the cap or cover c; the said cutter b is guided by the

page_text: guiding pins d in the usual way; e is the fixed handle by which the
clipper is held while being used, the said handle being secured to the
stationary cutter a, and fis the lever or moveable handle by which the
moveable cutter b is worked; f is the pin or centre on which the
moveable handle turns; the short arm of the actuating lever or handle
fis cranked at-right angles or nearly so to the said short arm; the upper
part of the leverƒ is represented separately in front elevation and side
elevation in Figure 3, where the cranked arm is marked f³; the said
cranked arm f³ is provided with a hole h formed in the separate block i
placed in an opening in the said cranked arm f³; k is the lever or link
between the fixed and moveable handles e, f; the botton end of this
lever is jointed at / to the arm e² on the fixed handle e; the joint at 1
consists of a slot in which a screw pin on the said arm e³ works as
represented, a screw nut on the end of the said screw pin fixing the said
jointed end in its place; this construction of joint permits of the middle
lever or link k to have a little longitudinal play upon the arm e³; the top
or inner end of the lever or link k is provided with two studs m, n, (see
the separate views Figure 4)%; the stud m takes into a hole in the
moveable cutter b; and the other stud n takes into the hole in the cranked
arm fs of the moveable handle f. By moving the handle fto and from
the fixed handle e the said handle ƒ turns on its axis or centre f*, its
cranked part f³ moving through a small angle; the motion of the
cranked part f³ is transmitted through the middle lever or link k which
moves on its joint at 7 to the moveable cutter b, and a reciprocating
sliding motion is thereby given to the said moveable cutter b upon the
fixed cutter a, and the hair of the animal is cut off between the teeth of
the said cutters.
The dotted lines in Figure 1 indicate the position of the parts when
the moveable cutter is at the end of its advance stroke, and the
continuous lines show the position of the parts when the moveable
cutter is at the end of its stroke in the opposite direction.
The middle lever or link k may be shortened and jointed to the fixed
cutting plate a instead of to the fixed handle e, and a stud may be used
in place of the hole in the end f³ of the lever f, and take into a hole in
the upper part of the said lever ƒ.
Figure 5 represents a modification of the arrangement represented in
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4; in this arrangement the cranked arm of the

page_text: actuating or moveable handle is dispensed with and the short straight
arm f' used in place thereof, the said arm f* being connected by the
link P to the upper part of the middle lever or link k; Figure 6
represents the link p separately and in combination with the upper part
of the lever k; the link p has a stud q on one end and a hole in the
other end; the stud q takes into a hole in the short arm f* of the
moveable handle f; and the hole r takes upon the stud n on the middle
lever; the other parts are the same as in the arrangement first
described.
When the moveable handle f is moved to and from the fixed handle e
the motion of the short arm f' is transmitted through the link p to
the middle lever k, and from the latter to the moveable cutter b.
Figure 7 represents the arrangement of my Invention in which the
link connecting the short arm f₁ to the middle lever k is prolonged
beyond the middle lever, and its prolonged end connected to the
moveable cutter; Figure 8 represents the link of the arrangement,
Figure 7, detached; the lengthened or prolonged link is marked t in the
Drawing; the stud which takes into the hole in the short arm f* of the
moveable handle is marked u, and the hole in the link which takes upon
the stud n on the middle lever k is marked ; this hole is made in a
separate block which is fitted in a recess x in the middle of the link t,
as seen in Figure 8; the end of the link i is connected to the moveable
cutter by the supplementary link w, pins on the ends of which
respectively take into holes in the said link t and moveable cutter b;
the middle lever k is thus connected at two points with the moveable
cutter b.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention; but I claim as my Invention of improvements in clippers
for clipping horses and other animals,--
The combinations or arrangements of parts herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings for transmitting the motion of
the moveable or actuating handle or lever of the clipper to the serrated
moveable cutter or cutting plate of the said clipper, that is to say, the

page_text: combination of the middle link or lever k with the cranked end f³ of the
moveable handle or lever, substantially as in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4; also
the combination of the middle link or lever k, intermediate link p, and
straight end of the moveable handle or lever, substantially as in
Figures 5 and 6; and also the combination of the middle link or lever k,
prolonged intermediate link t, and straight end f' of the moveable handle
or lever, substantially as in Figures 7 and 8.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Jackson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
GEORGE JACKSON. (L.S.) .
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