IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR AND FOR SUPPLYING HOT AIR TO FURNACES, CUPOLAS, SMITHS' HEARTHS AND OTHER FIRES, TO BAKERS' & OTHER OVENS, TO KILNS FOR DRYING & BURNING BRICKS, AND FOR UTILIZING THE FIRE IN OPEN FIRE-GRATES FOR MAKING HOT AIR & SUPPLYING IT TO Rooms IN PRIVATE HOUSES OR PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Truswell, of Sheffield, in the County of
s:
York, Engineer, and Richard Woinmon Holden, of the same Place,
for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR AND FOR
SUPPLYING HOT AIR TO FURNACES, CUPOLAS, SMITHS' HEARTHS AND OTHER
FIRES, TO BAKERS' & OTHER OVENS, TO KILNS FOR DRYING & BURNING
BRICKS, AND FOR UTILIZING THE FIRE IN OPEN FIRE-GRATES FOR MAKING
HOT AIR & SUPPLYING IT TO Rooms IN PRIVATE HOUSES OR PUBLIC
BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 18th February 1873, and dated the 20th August 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Truswell and
Richard Wainman Holden at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th August 1872.
We, WILLIAM TRUSWELL, of Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer, and RICHARD WAINMAN HOLDEN, of the same Place, do
hereby declare the naturo of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR HEATING AIR AND FOR SUFFLYING HOT AIR TO FURNACES, CUPOLAS, SMITHS'
HEARTHS, AND OTHER FIRES, TO BAKERS' & OTHER OVENS, TO KILNS FOR DRYING
& BURNING BRICKS, AND FOR UTILIZING THE FIRE IN OPEN FIRE-GRATES FOR

page_text: MAKING HOT AIR & SUPPLYING IT TO ROOMS IN PRIVATE HOUSES OR PUBLIC
BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the adaptation and further application of
the apparatus for heating air (for which apparatus Letters Patent were
granted to the above named William Truswell and to Joseph Truswell,
on the 28th day of February 1871, No. 535,) for blast and any other
furnaces where ironstone, tin, lead, copper, zinc, spelter, iron, steel, or
other kinds of minerals or metals may be melted or operated on, and
also for supplying hot air to cupolas, smiths' hearths, and other fires,
to bakers' and other ovens where articles are cooked or baked, also to
kilns for drying and burning bricks, and for utilizing the fire in open
fire-grates for heating or making hot air and supplying it to rooms in
private houses or public buildings.
The improved apparatus consists mainly of a number of pipes, tubes,
or chambers fixed or placed in one or more rows across a fire-place
or furnace chamber, the ends of the same resting on walls or supports
of fire-brick or other suitable.material, or the pipes, tubes, or chambers
may be placed and secured by cement, or otherwise, in cast-iron supports
in order to prevent the escape of the smoke or other products of com-
bustion into the hot air chamber, and they can be fitted so as to admit
of being separately removed for cleaning or removal, so that if any one
should become deteriorated it can at any time be replaced without the
necessity for further repair to the apparatus. The pipes or tubes in
each row are placed so as to nearly touch cach other laterally to allow
for expansion. Each horizontal row of pipes or tubes is placed at such
a distance above or below the next row as will allow the heated gases
and smoke from the fire or furnace to pass between. The fire will be
placed beneath or at one end of the lowest row of pipes, and the smoke
flue above or beyond one end of the top row of pipes, so that where
required it may pass for some distance as an underground flue. Each
pipe or tube is open at both ends, one end opening into the cold air
chamber and the other into the hot air chamber, so that the cold air in
passing through the pipes from the former to the latter becomes heated,
and is then conducted from the latter by the liot air flue to the required
place. The pipes or tubes nearest the fire are shielded by fire-brick, and
are made of thicker metal and wider in diameter than those further
from the fire.
1

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Truswell and Richard Wainman Holden
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th February 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
TRUSWELL, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, and RICHARD
WAINMAN HOLDEN, of the same Place, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Ier reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Truswell and Richard Wainman
Holden, Her special licence that we, the said William Truswell and
Richard Wainman Holden, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said William Truswell and Richard Wainman
Holden, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR AND FOR SUPPLYING HOT AIR TC
FURNACES, CUPOLAS, SMITHS' HEARTHS, AND OTHER FIRES, TO BAKERS' AND OTHER
OVENS, TO KILNS FOR DRYING AND BURNING BRICKS, AND FOR UTILIZING THE FIRE
IN OPEN FIRE-GRATES FOR MAKING HOT AIR AND SUPPLYING IT TO ROOMS IN
PRIVATE HOUSES OR PUBLIC BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said William Truswell and Richard Wainman Holden, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Truswell and Richard
Wainman Holden, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing,

page_text: and on reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, that is to
say :-
This Invention relates to the adaptation and further application of
the apparatus for heating air (for which Letters Patent were granted to
the above-named William Truswell and to Joseph Truswell on the
28th day of February 1871, No. 535), for blast and other furnaces where
metals or minerals are melted or otherwise operated on, for supplying
hot air to cupolas, smiths' hearths, and other fires, bakers' and other
ovens, and to kilns for drying and burning bricks, and also to utilizing
the fire in open fire-grates, for heating or making hot air and supplying
it to rooms in private houses or public buildings.
The Invention is illustrated on the accompanying Drawings in some
of its varied modifications, namely:-
In Figures 1 to 5 as applied to the last of the above-mentioned
purposes.
In Figures 6 to 8 in another modification for the same purpose as
applied to a portable stove placed apart from the wall of a building.
And in Figures 9 to 11 as applied to blast or engine furnaces, black-
smiths' hearths or bakers' or other ovens, or brick kilns.'
The apparatus above referred to consists mainly of any suitable or
required number of pipes or tubes 1, of wrought or cast iron or fire-
clay, and of square, round, or other section, arranged and fixed either
horizontally, vertically, or inclined in one or more rows across, above,
below, behind, or at the edge of a fire-place or furnace chamber 2, with
their ends resting on or in walls or supports 3, of fire-clay, brick, or
other refractory material, or secured by cement or otherwise in cast
or wrought-iron supports or socket plates 3, in such a manner as to
prevent the escape of the smoke or products of combustion from the
combustion chamber 2, into tho hot air chamber 4. The pipes are fitted
so as to allow of being separately removed for cleaning or removal, so that
if from long use any one should become deteriorated it can at any time
be replaced by another without necessitating further repair to the
apparatus. The pipes in cach row are placed so as nearly to touch
each other laterally, but sufficiently distant to allow of expansion. The
rows of pipes are placed at such a distance from each other vertically
as to form passages for the heated gases and smoke from the fire or
furnace to pass through.

page_text: In some modifications the fire is placed beneath or at one end of the
lowest row of pipes and the smoke flue 5 above or beyond one end of
the top'row, so that where required it may pass for some distance as an
underground flue. Each pipe or tube is open at both ends, one end
opening into the cold air chamber 6, and the other into the hot air
chambér 4, so that the cold air in passing from the former to the
latter in the direction of the arrows to becomes heated, and passes from
the latter by the. hot air flục 7 to the required place. The cold air is
supplied by pipes 10, or is admitted through gratings 11, or otherwise.
The pipes nearest the fire arc or may be shielded by fire-brick 8, and
are made of thicker metal and wider in diameter than those further
from the fire.
The apparatus is erected and cased with brick or metal 9, according
to the purpose to which it is to be applied. (See the Drawings illus-
trating some of its modifications.)
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention
for "Improved Apparatus for Heating Air and for Supplying Hot Air
to Furnaces, Cupolas, 'Smiths' Hearths, and other Fires, to Bakers'
and other Ovens, to Kilns for Drying and Burning Bricks, and for
Utilizing the Fire in Open Fire-grates, for Making Hot Air, and
Supplying it to Rooms in Private Houses or Public Buildings," together
with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or
carried into practical effect, we would remark in conclusion that we claim
as our Invention the application and adaptation of the above described
apparatus to the purposes above-mentioned, as well as to other purposes
of similar natures, substantially as above-described, and as illustrated on
the accompanying Drawings, or any equivalent modification or variation
thereof, whereby the same results are attained.
-
In witness whereof, we, the said William Truswell and Richard
Wainman Holden, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Fifteenth-day of February, in the year of our Lord-One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-three.