IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND MEASURING ELECTRICITY
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Virgil Warren Blanchard, of the City and State of New
York, United States of America, Doctor of Medicine, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING
AND MEASURING ELECTRICITY"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Virgil Warren Blanchard at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th November 1882.
VIRGIL WARREN BLANCHARD, of the City and State of New York, United
States of America, Doctor of Medicine, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF and
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING.AND MEASURING ELECTRICITY
">
The object of my invention is to provide an Electric Generator, and also a device
for measuring and recording the current used to excite or charge the generator, or
the current issuing therefrom, or both, and it consists in a vessel containing
electrodes and an electrolytic bath, said electrodes being provided with electro
chemical potential before being immersed in the electrolytic bath, and in suitable
means and methods for preparing or forming said electrodes and for placing and
replacing them in the electrolytic bath, said electrodes and bath being also adapted
for a storage battery when desired. The invention consists further in the meter or
measuring apparatus consisting essentially in the hereinafter described arrangement
of vibrating pendulum and bell-crank, suitable electro magnet and armature, and a
recording device which I have shown applied to an ordinary storage battery, but
merely for illustration, it being equally applicable in any position where an electric
current is passing.
In the drawings:-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the ovens and gas reservoirs used in preparing
the electrodes. Figure 2 is a perspective view of a vessel adapted to contain the
elements, and the electrolytic bath. Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of the
elements having its elastic packing removed. Figure 4 is a perspective view of one
of the electrodes with its packing in position for use. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate my
meter or measuring and recording apparatus applied to a secondary or storage
battery.

page_text: A
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.
represents a semicircular vessel containing the electrolytic bath, into which the
generating bath plates D, D, are placed. These plates are secured by the dove-
tailed groove F, to a corresponding rib C forming part of the axis or shaft B, or
they may be attached separately to a plain shaft adapted to revolve in adjustable
boxes QQ, in the upper surface of the end walls of the vessel A. A greater or
less number of the plates D may be adjusted on the axis B, the spaces between
said plates forming cells in the electrolytic bath in the vessel A, to contain the
electrolytic fluid necessary in the generation of electric potential. It will bo
readily understood that two rows or series of generating plates may be adjusted to
the shaft or axis B, one, the lower row, occupying the vessel A, containing the
electrolytic bath, the other, the upper row, being attached in the same or any
manner that leaves them separately detachable from said journal or axis to which
they may be applied at any convenient time, and by rotating it, the lower, and
previously immersed series of plates will be removed from the electrolytic bath,
while the upper row will then be in precisely the same position as that occupied by
the row beneath previous to the revolution of the said shaft. It will be apparent
that the plates may readily and quickly be removed from the axis or shaft, by being
slid along the rib until reaching its termination, or by unscrewing suitable bolts.
QQ, represent adjustable boxes in which the axis or shaft B, turns when actuated
by the crank E. R, R, represent screws passing through the extremities of the
boxes Q, Q, in such a manner that by turning them, the shaft or axis B, may be
raised or elevated in its whole length, carrying with it the generating plates D, D;
the semicircular circumference of which generating plates being made to fit
accurately the semicircular diameter or interior of the vessel A, it becomes evident
that by actuating the screws R, R, the periphery of the plates D, D, may be raised
from actual contact with the interior circumference of the vessel A. P, represents
a rubber gasket or strip of elastic material, applied to the circumference of the
plates, and when the axis B is lowered as far as possible in the electrolytic bath in
the vessel A, said strips P, will form by the pressure of the weight of the plate to
which it is attached, a water tight joint between the circumference of said plate D,
and the interior surface of the vessel A. By appropriately placing the plates D,
water tight cells of suitable size may be formed between them to contain the
electrolytic fluid essential to the operation of the invention, while at the same time
the immersed plates may easily and quickly be removed from the electrolytic bath
in the manner heretofore set forth. D, represents one of the electric generating
plates forming part of this invention, the walls of this plate are divided by
partitions into four compartments, two compartments M, M', occupying transversely
the upper portion of the interior of the plate, and two compartments below
occupying laterally the interior of the plate below the upper apartments M, M¹. It
will be observed that the two lower apartments in the interior of the plate are
divided by a partition S extending through the plate in a longitudinal direction
into two symetrical cavities which are each provided with a number of pipes J, J, J,
said pipes opening into the cavities M, M, and extending downwards in a perpen-
dicular direction to the outer peripheral wall of the plate D. These pipes have
their lower extremities closed and may be a greater or less distance from each
other as may be desirable in practice. It will be particularly observed that each
compartment M, M¹, communicates with the pipes traversing the compartments
directly below it, and that the partition S in the plate D divides the upper portion
of the interior of said plates into two cavities, as well as the lower portion. N, N,
represent two openings into the upper, straight surface of the generating plates D,
one aperture opening into the compartment M, and the other into the compartment
M' of the said plate. K, Fig. 1 represents a reservoir of oxygen gas, connected by a
pipe with the compartment M³, and L represents a reservoir of hydrogen gas connected
by a pipe with the compartment M. The reservoir K is provided with the stop-cock
K', and the reservoir L is provided with the stop-cock L³, by which the passage of

page_text: the gas to the plate D may be regulated. By opening the stop-cock K¹, oxygen
gas will flow through the connecting pipe into the apartment M¹, and from thence
downwards through the perforated pipes J, J, into the cavity beneath, and hydrogen
gas in like manner, when the stop-cock L' is opened, will flow from said reservoir into
the compartment M, and from thence through the perforated pipes into the compart-
ment beneath. G¹, G, G', represent the frame of a door opening into one of the
compartments in the plate D which is situated beneath the compartment M; said frame
being hinged at H, H, to the upper portion of the surface of said plate. A similar
hinged door frame is attached to the other side of the plate D. opening into a
similar compartment, in which are seen the perforated pipes J, J, J, heretofore
described. G represents a perforated metallic plate, or a wall formed of fibrous
material, attached to the door frame G, G, G, and forming the outer wall of the
semicircular plane surface of the plate D. I, represents a bolt passing from the
door frame on one side of the plate D, to the door frame on the other side of
said plate, by means of which said doors are kept in proper position, securely
closing both of the lower compartments in the plate D. E', represents an angular
groove formed in the upper surface of the plate D, the use of which has heretofore
been described. T, and U, represent two ovens constructed in a similar manner:
the doors a and a¹ entering into the fuel chambers: the doors b, b', entering
into the ash-pits; the doors c, c¹, entering into the roasting chambers, and the
chimneys e and e' carrying off the waste gases from each. d and d' represent
shelves in the roasting chambers of the respective ovens: the doors c and c¹ being
provided with asbestos gaskets or packing, so that they will close the roasting
ovens air tight. Letters f and f¹ represent two tubes entering the roasting
chambers from without, with closed extremities within the ovens and open
extremities without, in which a pyrometer may be introduced into each oven to
accurately determine the temperature of each when a fire is burning on the grate in
the fuel chamber of each, without opening the doors cand c¹. The pan is
provided with a perforated bottom for holding the metal to be oxidized or
deoxidized in the ovens T, and U. These pans should be of a suitable size to enter
the doors and rest on the shelves in the ovens while the roasting process is going
on. The pipe g, connecting the upper portion of the oven T, with the lower
portion of the oven U, may be opened and closed by means of the stop-cock gl;
h, represents a pipe connecting the reservoir K, with the oven U, and is provided
with a suitable stop-cock h¹. By means of the pipe h, free oxygen gas may be
introduced into the lower portion of the oven U, beneath the pans i, which are
supported on wire gauze, or perforated metal. 1, represents a discharge pipe
inserted into the top of the roasting oven U, provided with the valve l', by which
air or gases that said oven may contain may be discharged into the atmosphere.
If the central partition S in each plate is impervious to the electrolytic liquid, the
plates will have to be connected in series by suitable wires. In the practical
operation of my invention a granulated metal, preferably lead, is placed in
pans i, on shelves d', d', in the roasting oven U, fire is then kindled in the fuel
chamber of the oven and when the granulated lead reaches the temperature of
350° to 400° Fahrenheit, oxygen gas is admitted to said oven from the reservoir K,
through the connecting pipe, the valve g³ in the pipe g being closed. After the
atmospheric air is allowed to escape from the oven U the valve in the pipe,
is closed. The temperature of the oven may be determined from time to time
by passing a pyrometer into the pipe f¹. After the granulated lead has been kept
at the temperature of 350° to 400° F. for a short time, in an atmosphere of free
oxygen gas, it will become converted into peroxide of lead, after which it may be
removed from the roasting oven; it being then fitted for use in the plates of my
electric generator. By removing the bolt I, in the generating plate D, the doors
on each side of said plate may be opened, disclosing a cavity on each side of
said plate, partially filled with the perforated metal tubes J, J, which I would
prefer should be formed of lead, although they may be formed of other suitable
material: The cavity on one side of the generating plate D, should be filled or

page_text: closely packed with the granulated peroxide of lead, it being introduced between
and around the perforated tubes J, J, while the cavity in the other side of the
generating plate should be filled in a similar manner with any suitable or available
fine granulated metal, preferably lead, after which the hinged sides or doors of the
plate may be closed and firmly secured in place by a suitable bolt. It will then be
observed that on one side of the generating plate, we have a layer of the peroxide
of lead that is packed around the perforated tubes, while on the other side of said
plate, separated by the partition S, we have fine granulated lead packed in a
similar manner around similar tubes. As the sides forming a large portion of the
doors opening into the cavities in the plate D are composed of perforated metal, or
preferably of fibrous material like felt or thick flannel, or any suitable material
that will allow a free passage of gaseous or fluid elements, it becomes evident
that oxygen and hydrogen gas may be forced from the reservoirs K, and L, and
into the cavities M, M', and from thence through the pipes J, J, J, J, among
the granulated material around said pipes, and from thence through the perforated
plates or material forming the doors G, G, of the plates D. After a sufficient
number of generating plates have been filled with granulated metal and
granulated metallic oxide, in the manner just described, the said plates are slid
along the rib C, on the axis or shaft B, an interval of from one fourth of an
inch, to two inches, being provided between their opposing surfaces. Said plates
should be so arranged that the metallic oxide in the interior of the plate should
be in opposition to the metallic granules of unoxidized metal in the opposing plate.
The vessel A, is to be supplied with a proper quantity of electrolytic fluid, preferably
a compound of diluted sulphuric acid, although any acidulated liquid will suffice.
When the adjustable boxes Q, Q, have been sufficiently elevated by means of the
set screws R, R, one series of the generating plates, now firmly attached to the axle
or shaft B, may be immersed in the electrolytic bath by rotating the shaft B, by
means of the crank E. By lowering the set screws R, R, the axle or shaft B, may
be lowered to allow the strip P, on the semicircular periphery of each generating
plate D, to be brought into forcible contact by the weight of the said plate with the
interior surface of the vessel A, which contains the electrolytic bath, forming water-
tight joints to separate cells. We have then as shown in Fig. 1 in the electrolytic
bath a series of generating plates forming cells containing electrolytic fluid: said
cells having no communication with each other: the two opposing vertical
surfaces of each cell being formed, one of granulated metallic oxide, and the other
of granulated unoxidized metal: said metallic oxide and unoxidized metal being
separated only by two layers of perforated metal, or preferably by two layers of
fibrous material, such as felt or thick flannel, and the electrolytic fluid. It will be
necessary to have the metallic oxide located on similar surfaces of the generating
plates in the whole series of generating plates in the electrolytic bath. Then, by
means of the reservoirs K, and L, and the tubes attached, a current of both
hydrogen and oxygen gas may be inade to flow into each generating plate in the
series, said current of gases passing into the cavities M, and M', and from thence
down and through the perforated pipes J, J, among the granules of metallic oxide
and unoxidized metal surrounding said pipes, and from thence outwardly through
the perforated or fibrous walls G, G, into the electrolytic fluid in each cell in the
bath A. It will be observed that the electrolytic fluid in each cell of the bath A,
will freely permeate and circulate in the interior of the generating plate D, as far
as the central partition that divides the lower portion of the plate into two
cavities or apartments. In this manner it is readily seen that oxygen, and
hydrogen gas, or oxygen gas alone, may be applied to the metallic oxide and
unoxidized metal in the generating plate D, in the presence of the electrolytic
fluid or while said fluid is in contact with said metal. In the reduction of this
invention to practice, under certain circumstances, it is preferable to cause a
current of oxygen gas to flow, in the manner set forth, into the cavity of the
generating plate occupied by the metallic oxide, and also to cause a current of
hydrogen gas to flow into the cavity of said plate occupied by the unoxidized

page_text: metal. The use and application of oxygen and hydrogen gas, or of oxygen gas
alone to the generating plate D, in some instances may be dispensed with, although
it is a very valuable auxiliary. When the plates at the two extremities of the axis
or aliaft B, are connected by any suitable conductor o¹, the current will flow through
said conductor, and by placing an electric lamp or motor in the circuit, a light may
be maintained, or power realized, to apply to other useful purposes. The current
will continue to flow until sufficient oxygen from the metallic oxide on one side of
the generating plates D, has been transferred to the opposing surface in each
electrolytic cell, and their equilibrium restored, or in other words until each
opposing metallic surface, in each electrolytic cell contains the same quantity of
oxygen in the form of a metallic oxide. Before the generating plates D, D, in
the electrolylic bath A, have entirely lost their susceptibility to chemical change and
their consequent electrical potential, a second set or series of generating plates
should be prepared as described and slid on the upper rib C, of the axis B, in the
same relative position as those that were first attached to it. Then the adjustable
boxes Q, Q, should be elevated in the manner heretofore described, so as to relieve
the rubber gasket P, on each plate, from contact with the interior surface of
the vessel A, when by means of the crank E, the new plates just applied to the
shaft B, may be immersed in the electrolytic liquid and the exhausted plates
removed therefrom, by turning said shaft half round, by lowering the bearings Q, Q,
as described, the separate cells are again formed between the plates. The exhausted
generating plates now occupying the upper side of the axis B, may easily be
detached from it, when the cavity in each plate that was at first filled with
unoxidized metal should be emptied of its contents of oxidized inetal and refilled
with unoxidized metal, as in the first instance, when its susceptibility to chemical
action will be re-established and its electric potential restored if placed in its former
relation to other similar plates in the electrolytic bath. The protoxide of lead
removed from the exhausted generating plates, may be set aside for future use, or
it may be introduced into the roasting oven U, in the manner previously
described, when by the application of heat ranging from 500°, to 575°, F, the
oxygen gas it contains will be set free, and by a proper adjustment of valves be
driven over and stored in the reservoir K, for future use in the electrolytic bath.
By these means the greatest simplicity, effectiveness, and economy, are realized in
the production of electric potential. When oxygen gas is not introduced into the
generating plate D, in the manner heretofore described, but when the electric
potency of the said plate is entirely dependent on the peroxide of lead introduced
into one of its cavities after its effectiveness ceases in the electrolytic bath, it will
be found that each of its cavities contains protoxide of lead, or an oxidized form
of lead closely related to it. In this case both cavities in the generating plate may
be emptied of the oxidized metal they contain. Thus a part of it may be placed
in the roasting oven T, and a part in the roasting oven U. Then by raising
the temperature of the oven T to 575° F., and the temperature of the oven U, to
about 350° F. and at the same time opening the valve g', the oxygen gas contained
in the oxidized metal in the oven T, will be set free and will pass through the
pipe g, and combine with the protoxide of lead in the oven U forming the
peroxide of lead. We then have the protoxide of lead removed from the generating
plate D, converted in equal portions to the peroxide of lead and deoxidized lead,
or left in a metallic state for future use, for it is well known that oxidized lead
exposed to a temperature just below the melting point will yield its oxygen and
become reduced to metallic lead, and also that the protoxide exposed to oxygen
gas at a temperature of 350° F, will combine with said oxygen and form the
peroxide of lead. Thus we have the protoxide of lead restored to a condition to be
used again in the generating plate D, with a very slight expenditure in material
or cost in the method of reduction. An important feature of my invention consists
in the fact that the elements of my electric generator may be prepared for use at
a distance from the electrolytic bath, in which they yield electric energy-and
that after their store of chemical potential becomes exhausted they may readily be

page_text: removed from said bath and others' substituted without interrupting, except in a
slight degree, the maximum efficiency of the device. E³, is an electro magnet,
provided with a pivoted armature E², secured by pendent to the top plate K², and
connected at its free end through the link L' and the bell crank lever F¹ to the
opposite end of the said plate K³. The armature E³, when not attracted by
magnets E³, rests on the adjusting screw m, which passes through a fixed ear m³,
pivoted to the said armature is a pawl M², adapted to engage and operate the
ratchet wheel N2 at every upward stroke thereof, and by means of suitable wheel
work, record the number of such movements on the dial R'. The sector I' is
suitably secured and is provided with notches or teeth. The circuit breaking
pendulum G³, g, and adjustable stop arm H¹, are both pivoted on the pin t, the
arm H³ is provided with the pawl arm J', adapted to engage with the teeth of the
sector, and retain the stop arm H¹ in any desired position with respect to the
circuit breaking pendulum G. The said stop arm H is provided with a suitable
cushion h² against which the weight g, of the circuit breaking pendulum can
strike without injury. C', is an electro-magnet which is provided with the
armature D', which is hinged at a² to a pendant a³, which is secured to the
plate C, the arm D³, extends beyond the hinge a3 and has a rod d² attached to it,
which passes freely through the plate C, to which the electro-magnets are secured
and has a tension spring 6* and an adjusting thumb-screw applied to it for the
purpose of regulating the tension of said spring as required, but must be sufficient
to hold the armature D¹, away from the magnets C₁, and the arm D³, in contact
with the fixed piece Ds, which is connected by wire N¹, with the negative pole of
the storage battery. The magnets C' and the storage battery are connected by
wires b³, c³. The end portion of the arm D2, is insulated from its support and
from the magnets C, by a suitable non-conductor f2. To this insulated end of the
arm D³, is attached the wire N³, leading to the negative pole of the generator, and
while the arm D³, remains in contact with the plate D³, the negative line from the
storage battery is complete. The wire P¹, extends from the positive pole of the
generator to the circuit breaking pendulum, and the wire P³, from the electro-
magnet El, to the positive pole of the storage battery. The wires L², L³, extend
from the poles of the storage battery to the lamps T', or any other desired electrical
apparatus. The operation of my device is as follows:-The positive electricity
issuing from the generator passes along wire P', to the circuit breaking pendulum
G³, g, and through the lever F¹ to the electro-magnets E³, and from then by wire P³,
to the positive electrode of the storage battery A. As the current passes through
the magnets E³, they become energized and attract their armature, each time said
armature rises the ratchet N, is rotated one notch by the pawl M, and the
movement of the lever F, impels the ball g against the stop arm H', thereby
breaking the circuit through the magnets E³, when the armature instantly
falls, and the ball g, again comes into contact with lever F, and the line is
again completed to the storage battery. By setting the arm H³, nearer to, or
further from, the circuit breaking pendulum the amplitude of its vibrations will be
determined, the adjustable stop m, serving to limit the downward movement of the
pawl M³, as may be desired, its upward movement being always limited by contact
with the poles of the magnets E³. With a very short movement the vibrations
will be so rapid that the flow of current will approach continuity, with longer and
slower vibrations the passage of currents can be very much retarded. The wire N',
leading from the negative pole of the storage battery is secured to the piece D³,
against which the arm D', is held by the spring 6, the wire N³, leading therefrom
completes the return line to the generator. The wires bs, cs, lead from the storage
battery to the magnets C¹, so that they shall at all times be energized to the same
extent as the storage battery. When the tension of the charge in the storage
battery becomes greater than is desired, the attraction of the magnets will over-
come the tension of the spring 62, and draw the armature D', into contact with its
cores, thereby separating D', and D³, and breaking the return circuit from the storage
battery to the generator, thereby stopping any further passage of the generator

page_text: current, until the tension in the storage battery is sufficiently reduced by its
use in any desired electrical apparatus to allow the previously adjusted spring b²,
to draw the armature away from the magnets, and the arm D2, into contact with
the piece D³, when the charging circuit will again be completed. In the Figures
relating to my Meter or Measuring and Recording apparatus, A', represents a
galvanic battery or other suitable source of electricity which generator is connected
as herein described to a storage battery A, which may be of any known construc-
tion, but I prefer to employ the device heretofore invented by me for use as a
secondary or storage battery, and which forms the subject matter of another appli-
cation for Letters Patent. The device can also be used simply as a cut-off to
automatically stop the current when it exceeds a certain predetermined power, and
is applicable to the measurement of any passing current. Having described the
invention what I claim and desire to secure by letters patent is -1. An electric
generating device consisting essentially of a series of hollow box-like plates, or
elements, having a removable filling of oxidized and non-oxidized granular metal
in separated compartments, an electrolytic bath and suitable connecting wires,
substantially as described. 2". An electric element, or generating plate, formed
with a central partition, having chambers on each side thereof provided with
hinged walls of a foraminous material, and adapted to contain granular metal, and
a passage above each of said chambers having a series of perforated tubes leading
therefrom, into, and among, the granular metal, and adapted to convey gaseous
fluid thereto as specified. 3". A semicircular element consisting of two adjacent
compartments containing respectively oxidized and non-oxidized granular lead, and
provided with hinged side walls, and passages connected with one or more reservoirs
of gas, communicating with said compartments, and a strip or gasket of elastic
material arranged to form an edgewise packing for said element, substantially as
described. 4. The combination of the revolving semicircular sets of plates,
removably secured to an adjustable axis, and adapted, when lowered in a suitable
vessel to form separate cells between each of said plates, substantially as described.
5". The plate D, formed with central partitions, the hinged sides, the circum-
ferential elastic strip, and the passage ways m, provided with perforated tubes J, and
suitable gas inlets, and the angular groove E', as shown and described. 6". The
combination of the plates D, constructed as described, with the semicylindrical
vessel and adjustable bearings, a suitable axis and operating devices, and the
electrolytic liquid, substantially as described. 7". The combination of the plates D,
and two or more gas reservoirs in connection therewith, a vessel containing
electrolytic liquid, and an adjustable axis, as shown and described. 8". The roasting
ovens T, U, and connecting pipes, in combination with the reservoirs L, K, and
plates D, substantially as shown and described. 9". The vessel A having bearings
QQ, shaft B, and plates D, in combination with gas reservoirs L, K, and the
ovens T, U, substantially as shown and described. 10". The semicircular detachable
elements formed with grooves E¹, and the ribbed shaft B, adapted to carry the
same, in combination with the vessel A, having vertically adjustable bearings Q, Q,
whereby the said elements may be lowered into peripheral contact with the sides
of the vessel A, to form electrolytic cells, and also to be raised therefrom and
removed or immersed by rotation of said axis, substantially as shown and described.
11". The herein described method of introducing oxygen or hydrogen, or both, into
the fluid of an electrolytic cell in an electric generator, which consists in conducting
the said gas directly thereinto through suitable tubes, or in forcing the same
through immersed and suitably reticulated electrodes into the said fluid substan-
tially as set forth. 12". The herein described method of prolonging the discharge
of electrodes in a chemical generator which consists in the introduction of free
oxygen or hydrogen, or both, into the mass of a discharging electrode in an
electrolytic liquid, whereby the discharge of electric energy may be prolonged by
the continuous formation of electro-chemical potential, substantially as described.
13". The process of preparing a suitable metal for the developement of electric
energy, which consists in subjecting the same to the action of free oxygen while in

page_text: contact with an electrolytic liquid, substantially as described. 14". The process of
preparing granulated lead for the development of electric energy, which consists
in roasting the same in a suitable oven while subject to a current of free oxygen,
substantially as specified. 15". The process of preparing granular lead for the
developement of electric energy, which consists in roasting the same in a suitable
furnace oven, while subject to the action of free hydrogen, substantially as
specified. 16". The process of reducing peroxidized lead, which consists in roasting
the same in a pair of ovens suitably connected and at different temperatures,
whereby the released gases may be retained and utilized, substantially as described.
17". The combination of a storage battery, a suitable generator, an electro-
magnet energized from the storage battery and provided with an adjustable tension
spring for holding the pivoted armature away from the said magnet, and the
insulated extension thereof against a fixed portion of the charging circuit and
adapted to automatically break the charging circuit by the attraction of said
armature when the storage battery is fully charged, substantially as described.
18". The combination of a storage battery and suitable generator, an electro-magnet
having a pivoted armature, a reciprocating and continuously vibrating circuit
breaking pendulum, included in the main circuit and actuated by the said armature,
an adjustable stop arm and a registering device operated at each vibration of the
pendulum, substantially as described. 19". The combination with a storage battery
and suitable generator, of an electro-magnetic cut off operated by means of the
adjustable tension device applied to the armature thereof, the means substantially
as described for measuring and recording the current, and independent distributing
wires, whereby one or more lamps or other electrical devices may be steadily
supplied with electricity, substantially as described. 20%. An electric measuring
and recording device consisting essentially of an electro-magnet having its armature
pivoted thereto, a reciprocating and circuit breaking pendulum included in the
main circuit and suitably connected to the actuating armature, an adjustable stop
arm and setting mechanism, and a registering device actuated by each movement
of the armature, substantially as described. 21". An electro-magnet having a
pivoted armature connected to, and actuating a reciprocating and circuit breaking
pendulum forming part of the main circuit, an adjustable pendulum stop, and a
registering device operated at each vibration of the pendulum, in combination with
the automatic cut off and the accumulator and generator, substantially as described.
22". The combination of electro-magnet E³, pivoted armature E' provided with
pawl M³, the reciprocating lever F¹, and pendulum G2, actuated by said armature,
the adjustable stop arm H³, pawl J₁, and notched sector I', the ratchet N³, dial R²,
and suitable wheel-work for operating an indicator at each vibration of the
pendulum, substantially as shown and described. 23". The combination of an
electric generator, a storage battery and suitable charging circuit, with the electro-
magnet C³, energized from the storage battery, the pivoted armature D¹, rod d²,
spring b³, and set screw c³, and the arm D', extending from said armature and
provided with insulating strips 2, and adapted to be held against a fixed portion
of the charging circuit by the tension spring 6%, said tension being overcome and
the circuit broken by the attraction of the armature when the storage battery has
received a predetermined charge, as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Virgil Warren Blanchard have hereunto set my
'hand and seal this 30th day of November in the year of our Lord One
Thousand Eight Hundred and Eighty two.