Improvements in or applicable to the Internal Furnaces of Steam Generators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1893—Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to the Internal Furnaces of Steam
Generators.
I JAMES SCHOFIELD of Townhouse Mill, Littleborough, in the County of
Lancaster, Fustian Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to internal flued steam generators and to marine boilers and
other steam generators having internal furnaces. By way of example I state that
my invention is very applicable to boilers of the Lancashire or two-flued type. In
all cases it is becoming increasingly important that the products of distillation of
the fuel shall be completely converted into heating gases so as to avoid as much
as possible the formation of smoke and this is the object of my invention.
ordinary cases the gases distilled from coal thrown upon the fire are cooled by the
metal crown of the furnace the result being the formation of smoke or of heavy
vapours which turn to smoke.
In
It is known that it is difficult to consume smoke and it is therefore important to
prevent its formation.
To this end I provide the furnace with a crown composed of a material capable
of becoming highly heated.
1 line the upper part of the furnace flue or fire box with fire clay bricks or
lumps of refractory material and I form air passages through the lining or between
the lining and the metal crown. I prefer to use fire clay blocks moulded to suit-
able forms so that when put together they constitute a self sustained arch or
lining. In some cases each block may extend the entire length of the lining.
This lining may extend from the front as far back toward the bridge as considered
to be advisable. Channels in the backs of the blocks constitute passages to lead
air from the outside towards the bridge. The blocks may be perforated with the
same object. Perforations in the blocks may receive bolts preferably hollow
whereby the combination of blocks may be bound together.
The air passages may communicate with an air box provided with a regulating
valve or with air injecting apparatus. The air may issue at the inner end of the
lining or downward through the crown part of the lining or partly at the end and
partly through the crown.
The lining so applied will become highly heated and have a reverberatory effect
so that the products of distillation will have time to mingle with the hot air and
to become converted into combustible gases before coming under the cooling
influence of the metal plates.
I do not confine myself to the formation of air passages in the crown lining.
Dd thin 95th day of Jan 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or applicable to the Internal Furnaces of Steam
Generators.
I JAMES SCHOFIELD of Townhouse Mill, Littleborough, in the County of
Lancaster, Fustian Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
My invention relates to internal flued steam generators and to marine boilers
and other steam generators having internal furnaces. By way of example I state
that my invention is very applicable to boilers of the Lancashire or two-flued
type. In all cases it is becoming increasingly important that the products of
distillation of the fuel shall be completely converted into heating gases so as to
avoid as much as possible the formation of smoke and this is the object of my
invention. In ordinary cases the gases distilled from coal thrown upon the fire
are cooled by the metal crown of the furnace the result being the formation of
smoke or of heavy vapours which turn to smoke.
It is known that it is difficult to consume smoke and it is therefore important to
prevent its formation.
To this end I provide the furnace with a crown composed of a material capable
of becoming highly heated.
I line the upper part of the furnace flue or fire box with fire clay bricks or
lumps of refractory material and I form air passages through the lining or between
the lining and the metal crown.
I prefer to use fire clay blocks moulded to suitable forms so that when put
together they constitute a self sustaining arch or lining.
The manner in which I have carried my invention into practical effect is
illustrated by the accompanying drawings to which I will refer in this place.
In the said drawings
Fig. 1 represents part of the front end of an ordinary Lancashire boiler having
my invention applied thereto and Fig. 2 represents a vertical longitudinal section
of one of the furnaces of the same. In Fig. 1 the furnace to the left hand is
represented in vertical section so as to show the refractory crown.
In the said figures a is a furnace crown composed of refractory material. This
crown is built up of specially formed fire clay bricks which are curved and shaped
to fit together so as when erected in position to form a segment of a hollow
cylinder.
Fig. 3 illustrates the type of brick which I have adopted in practice. The
bricks are perforated for the passage of the bolts &b which extend through the
crown from front to back and bind the whole together. Two of these perforations
appear at cc in Fig. 3. The bricks are preferably put together so as to break
joint as seen in Fig. 2.
In practice I have formed channels d on the backs such channels forming
passages for the flow of air but such channels might be dispensed with. I also
use tubular bolts-that is to say screwed pipes-to bind the bricks together such
tubular bolts permitting of the passage of currents of air which issue in a heated
state at the rear end of the crown.
The bricks might be perforated with additional air passages especially in cases
wherein the channels d would not be formed. The outer ends of the tubular
bolts and of the air passages might open into an air box or chamber at the front
of the boiler and such air box might be provided with a regulating valve to control
the supply of air or with air injecting apparatus.
In the example the crown or furnace lining a extends over the front half of
the furnace but it may be built to extend as far back from the front of the furnace
toward the bridge as considered to be desirable.

page_text: The air may issue at the inner end of the lining or downward through the
crown part of the lining or partly at the end and partly through the crown.
The lining so applied will become highly heated and have a reverberatory effect
so that the products of distillation will have time to mingle with the hot air and to
become converted into combustible gases before coming under the cooling influence
of the metal plates.
I do not confine myself to the formation of air passages in the crown lining nor
to the use of any particular brick or refractory block so long as the bricks are
adapted to fit together to constitute a curved crown and to be bound together by
means of bolts or tubes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The furnace crown or lining composed of the materials formed and put
together substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The crown or lining for the furnace flue of a steam generator composed of
segmental bricks or blocks of fire clay or refractory material shaped to fit together
80 as to constitute a self sustaining arch or segment of a hollow cylinder substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth, and indicated.
3. The crown or lining for the furnace flue of a steam generator composed of
segmental bricks or blocks of refractory material shaped to fit together to con-
stitute a segment of a hollow cylinder and formed with air passages extending from
front to back of such lining substantially as set forth and indicated.
4. A lining for the furnace flue of a steam generator composed of shaped
bricks or. blocks of fire clay or refractory material bound together by means of
tubular bolts constituting air passages substantially as described and shown.
of the 1902
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.