Improvements in and in connection with Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1893—Accepted, 9th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Pneumatic Tyres for
Velocipedes.
I, JOHN BOSWORTH, of Huxloo Place, Kettering, in the County of Northampton,
Cycle Tyre Repairer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in, and in connection with, pueumatic tyres
as used upon bioycles, tricycles and the like, and consists of, firstly-a method of
arranging the outer envelope or wearing surface of said pneumatic tyre, in relation.
to the rim of the wheel, that in conjunction with certain improved means, the
inner tube or gas bag may be easily got at, and if necessary, entirely removed from
the wheel, for the purpose of effecting repairs thereto, and again replaced and
inflated without removing the outer envelope from the wheel. Secondly-of
improvements in. the construction of said onter envelope or wearing surface for the
prevention of "slip," and thirdly-of an improved non-return valve for the.
admission of compressed air into the gas bag, the object of my said invention being
to provide (a) facilities whereby a rider when upon the road may be able to
personally effect repairs to the said gas bag, arising from puncture or otherwise, -
and (b) to prevent waste of energy, through the slipping of the tyre when upon a
level path, or accidents arising from the same cause when turning sharp curves.
In carrying my invention into effect, I employ the use of an ordinary inner tubo
as gas bag, which may be made. of any of the materials in general use for that
purpose, and either continuous or provided with blocked ends, and surrounding this,
I provide an outer envelope or wearing surface of any suitable material or
combination of materials, upon the outer face of which I provide upstanding or
projecting ridges, cast or otherwise formed integrally with the rubber or other
material of which the said envelope may be made, and these ridges or projections.
being for the prevention of slip may be arranged V. shaped, diagonally, or in the
form of a single or double spiral, or any combination of these designs. The saiḍ
onvelope may be attached to the wheel rim by any of the known means in general
use, but I prefer to use the ordinary solution for this purpose, but whatever means
I may employ, I fasten the whole length of said envelope to the rim, with the
exception of six inches more or loss of its final end, and in each of the free edges of
this much thereof I fix by solution or other means, a like length or thereabouts, of
narrow metallic spring or wire, or whalebone, or other elastic material, and the
exposed ends of these I engage and hold by the means of a metallic or other clip,
arranged upon the outer surface of the rim of the wheel, a part of which passoOB
through an aperture therein and is caused to engage with a nut or its equivalent
upon the inner surface thereof, the tightening of which holds the final end of the
envelope upon the rim, which may then be solutioned or otherwise connected to the
initial end in the usual way.
The passage for the inlet of the air to the gas bag, I arrange to occur at such
part of the rim, as to be within the unfixed or non-solutioned part of the outer
envelope, and having made the necessary hole in the rim, and a corresponding hole in
the gas bag for this purpose, I connect thereto my improved non-retura valve,
which consists of a metallic tube of the same size as the aforesaid holes, upon one
end of which I provide a broad rim or flange, shaped to correspond with the outer
surface of the rim, so that when placed within the air bag (before the ends of this
are closed) and the tube part thereof passed through the aforesaid holes in the bag and
rim, this would rest fairly and evenly upon the inner surface of the hole in the gas bag,

page_text: or a rubber or other washer may be provided upon either the inner or outer surface
of the bag, and if necessary, solutioned or otherwise fixed thereto. The end of the
tube extending beyond the inner surface of the rim, would be provided with an
external thread, so that a nut when screwed thereon would cause the aforesaid
flange to press the gas bag upon the rim, and effect an air tight junction therewith. 5
Or where gas bags having blocked ends are used, 1 may arrange the said flange
separate from the tube, and form a bush thereon to occupy the hole in the bag, into,
or onto which, the tube may be screwed, or a nut may screw upon said bush with
which the tube may engage, and I may arrange that the said flange when being BO
screwed down may grip the two springs, wires, or whalebone strips before mentioned, 10
upon the end of the outer envelope.
The bore of said tube is lessened in width near the flanged end to form a seating
for the valve, the larger part of said bore being tapped so that a millod headed
hollow plug may be screwed therein, between the inner end of which, and the
smaller bore of the tube, a space exists for a ball or its equivalent, which space 1
may be extended or diminished by the screwing out or in of said plug, the object
of this being that when the bag is fully inflated the screwing home of said plug
would force the ball or its equivalent close up to the smaller bore of the tubo and
so prevent the air returning should leakage occur in the plug. The outer end of
said plug will be provided with means for receiving the nose end of the air pump, 2
or a flexible or other tube upon the same. A suitable cap or cover may be
arranged to screw or otherwise be fixed upon the plug when not in use, to keep out
dust and dirt.
When repairs have to be made in the gas bag, this would be deflated by removing
the valve, the solutioned ends of the envolopo would then be disconnected, and 2
the clip released by slackening the nut thereof, when the ends of the envelope
may be turned back, so that the gas bag is exposed to view, at which part the
solutioned or block ends of this would be arranged to occur. If the former, the
solutioned ends would be disconnected, and a string or the like tied to one end,
when, by pulling the opposite end of the bag, the whole length may be withdrawn, a
leaving the string or the like in its place, but, if the latter, a string or tape would
be provided upon one end, to which a longor length of string or the like would
be attached, and the bag removed in the same manner, or the bag may only need
to be partly removed if the affected part can be reached thereby.
The repairs having been perfected, the same end of the bag would be again 3
connected to the string or the like remaining in the envelope, and be thereby
pulled therethrough until the two ends of the bag are together again, when, if the
bag is to be solutioned, the tube and flange of the valve would be placed in position,
and the remainder of the valve connected as before described, and the bag ends
solutioned as before, but if a block ended bag be used the bush of the valve flange
would be fixed in such position that the tube of the valve could be screwed thereinto,
and the remainder of the valve parts connected together. The end of the envelope
may then be again replaced and connected as in the first instance.
I may find it convenient to arrange a suitable finger hold upon one end of the
gas bag, to facilitate the removal of the bag for the purpose stated.
Dated this 31st day of January 1893.

page_text: CUDLE DELE OFELIATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Pneumatio Tyres for
Velocipedes.
I, JOHN BOSWORTH of Huxloe Place, Kettering, in the County of
Northampton, Cycle Tyre Repairer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in, and in connection with pneumatic tyros,
as used upon the wheels of bicycles, tricycles and similar vehicles, and consists-
Firstly of a method of arranging the outer envelope or wearing surface of the tyre,
by means of which the inner tube or gas bag may be easily got at, and if necessary
entirely removed from the wheel, for the purpose of effecting repairs thereto, and
again replaced and inflated without removing the said outer envelope from the
wheel. Secondly-of improvements in the construction of the wearing surface of
said envelope, or so much thereof as constitutes the troad of the wheel, for the
prevention of side or backward slip. Thirdly-of an improved non-return valve
for forcing air under compression into the gas or air bag of the tyre.
My invention is designed to attain the following objects. (a.) To provide
facilities whereby the rider, when upon the road or otherwise, may personally
repair the gas bag, if necessary, without the aid of skilled help. (b.) To prevent
waste of energy through the backward slip of the tyre when travelling upon
inclined or greasy roads, and the hitherto too frequent occurrence of accidents
arising from sido slip when the wheel is describing a sharp curve.
In order to render my invention perfectly clear, I have appended hereunto two
sheots of drawings, in which,
Fig. 1 Sheet I is a view of the two extremities of a block ended gas or air bag as
I prefer to construct them when such a bag is employed.
Fige. 2, 3, and 4 are some specimens of the tread portion of the outer cover or
envelope as I prefer to construct this for the prevention of slip.
Fig. 5 is an external view of part of a complete tyre and rim, illustrating one of
my methods of arranging the said outer cover, for facilitating easy access to the gas
or air bag.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of part of such a tyre and rim, illustrating the means I
adopt of fastening down or connecting to the rim, that portion of the outer onvolope
shown turned back in Fig. 5.
Fige. 7, 8, 10 and 11 are details of said fastening, to be hereinafter explained.
Fig. 9 Sheet 2 is a modification of Fig. 5, shewing an alternativo method I may
employ of arranging the turn-back portion of the outer cover.
Fig. 12 is an external and perspective view of one method I employ in the
construction of the inner end or gas bag portion of my improved non-return or
charging valve.
Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view of a complete inflated tyre, rim and valve,
illustrating one method I employ of arranging the inner portion of the latter, and
the manner of attaching to the rim the turn-back portion of the said outer cover,
shewn by Fig. 9.
Fig. 14 is a view of Fig. 13, illustrating the manner of releasing from the rim,
the turn-back portion of the same, also illustrating a further modification of the
valve.
Figs. 15 and 16 are sectional views illustrating further modifications in tho con-
struction of the said valve.
Fig. 17 is a section of the nozzle of a force pump, adapted for use in connection
with my said valve.
Similar letters of reference are used throughout the several views when referring
to the same or like parts.

page_text: In carrying my invention into effect, I employ the use of an ordinary inner tube
or gas bag A, which may be made of any of the materials in general use for that
purpose, and either continuous as at Fig. 6, or provided with block ends as at
Figs. 1 and 9, and preferably enclosed within a tube of canvas or other fabrio A' in
the usual way and this when seated within a solid or hollow rim B, I surround by i
an outer cover or envelope C, composed of any suitable material, or combination of
the materials in general use for that purpose, and preferably, lined with canvas or
some similar material and constructed so as to bo thickest at the centre of its width,
forming the tread of the wheel in the usual way, and upon the outer surface of this
I form, during its manufacture or otherwise, upstanding or projecting ridges D, and
these being intended to serve the dual purpose of preventing back and side slip,
may be shaped as at Fig. 2, or diagonal as at Fig. 3, or spiral as at Fig. 4, or
any combination or duplication of these designs, as shewn by the dotted outlines of
same in the figures referred to. The thin edges or sides of said envelope C, when
brought towards each other beneath the bag A, may be fastened to the rim B by
any of the well known means in gonoral use, but I prefer to use the ordinary
cement for this purpose, but whatever means I may employ, I fasten the whole
length of said envelope to the rim B, with the exception of six inches or there-
abouts, of its final end C', and in each of the free edges or sides of this much
thereof, I fix by solution or other means (and which may or may not be enclosed by
a portion of the canvas lining before mentioned) a like length or thereabouts of
narrow flat metallic spring or whalebone E, as at Figs. 9, 10, and 11, or wire, or
wire cord or other elastic material E', as at Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8, and my object for
leaving this much of C not fastened to B, is in order that this may be easily and
quickly raised to get at the air bag A to effect repairs thereto, and with this in view
I may arrange, that the whole width of C¹ may be capable of being turned back an
at Fig. 5, or I may fasten together the centre or tread portion of the end of C'
with C, leaving each side of C capable of being raised as at Figs. 9 and 14. In
the former method, (Fig. 5) when 'C' is closed down upon A and occupies the
position shewn by the dotted outline thereof, I may fix this in position by causing
the extended ends of E' to engage with clips Fin the outer or concave surface
of B, which may be fixed upon a plate, and this be screwed or otherwise fastened
to B, as at Fig. 6, or a portion of the ends of F may pass through holes in B and
be there retained by nuts or their equivalents, as at Fig. 7, or the ends of E' may
pass through the said holes in B and be there retained by the same means, as at
Fig. 8. In either of these methods of fastening C to B the final edges of the end
of C may, if necessary, be solutioned to the initial end of C, and in order that a
fair and even joint may be made between those, the end of C may be tapered
inwardly, as at Fig. 5, and the end of C' outwardly as at Fig. 6.
"
with
In the arrangement for the raising of C shown by Fig. 9, and in which the
metallic or other plates E are employed, 1 prefer to arrange this by fastening upon
each end of the plates E, studs or projections G, which I cause to engage
slots H in the rin B, as illustrated by Figs. 10 and 11, and shewn in position by
Figs. 13 and 14. This method is more adapted for use with hollow rims, as shewn,
but may also bo employed with solid rims if required, but whichever of these
methods of fixing to B I may employ, the full inflation of the bag A would
reuder C' immovable therofrom.
The passage for the inlet of air for inflating A I arrange to occur at such part
of B, as to be at or near C, and for this purpose, a suitable hole would be made
in B for the reception of the tubular portion of my improved valve, which may be
constructed in either of the following manners.
I employ a hollow and preferably metallic tube J, upon one end of which 1
provide a broad rim or flauge K, shaped upon its under surface to correspond with
the outer or concave surface of the rim B, as shown at Fig. 12, and this I place
within the air bag A, and pass the tubo J through a hole therein, and then if
necessary, through a similarly shaped leather, rubber, felt or other washer or pad L,
(which may or may not be solutioned to A), to prevent rupture occurring to A. when

page_text: pressed closely upon B. The tube J would then be passed through a hole in A'
and the hole in B provided for its reception, and as this (J) would extend beyond
the inner periphery of B, and be provided with an external thread a nut M when
screwed thereon would cause K to press A and A' (and L when used) close down
upon the rim B, and effect an airtight junction between K and A and in some cases
I may screw a nut M' upon J between L. and B as at Fig. 14, and in sorowing
home the nut M, I may arrange that the edges E or E' of C¹ may be gripped
between A and B or between L and B, such an arrangement being shewn in.
Figs. 13 and 14.
The bore of the tube J would be reduced in diameter near the end K to form a
seating for the valve, the larger diameter of the same being tapped, so that a hollow
plug N may be screwed thereinto, which may be provided with a milled head or
rim so as to be rotated by the fingers, or formed to receiver n spanner, the final or
outer end being threaded to receive the nozzle of a force pump, and after this a.
screw cap to keep out dust and dirt. Between the inner end of N and the narrow
bore of J, I may interpose a ball O, as a valve, as at Fig. 13, of such a size as to
permit the passage of a current of air when forced through N, but capable of
forming an air tight junction with the end of N when forced thereupon by the-
return pressure of the compressed air, during and after the inflation of the bag A,
and when this is fully charged and the pump removed from N, the latter may be
sorewed farther into J, thereby pressing O closely upon the narrow boro of J and
locking it in that position thus preventing any escape of air between the threads
of J and N; the dust cap may then be screwed upon N.
As an alternative arrangement I may construct the smaller bore of J to receive
and seat a flat headed valvo P, having a stem passing outwardly through N, such
an arrangement boing shewn at Fig. 14 and in this method also the valve P would.
be locked after inflation in the same manner as O. Or as a further modification I
may arrange N to screw upon the outer surface of J, and construct the bore of the
latter to receive and seat a valve R, the stem a of which may pass through N, and
be provided with a cross pin b, arranged to slide in guides and e' in N; such a
device is shewn in Fig. 16, and the pump nozzle suitable for this is shewn at Fig. 17,
the internally threaded head of which, d, would be arranged to screw upou N, and
cover the slots c c when charging the bag A, and when removed therefrom and
the dust cap S is screwed upon N, this impinging upon the end of a would force
and lock the valve R upon its seating in J for the same purpose as before mentioned,.
which may be further accellerated by an extra turn or two given to N.
I may under certain conditions construct the tube of shorter length, so that
this may form a kind of bush which together with the nut M' may finish almost
flush with the inner periphery of the rim B, only extending therethrough suffi-
ciently to receive the nut M, as at Fig. 15. In this method the plug N may also
be shorter and arranged to screw into J, and be provided with a valve T, similar to,
but of shorter longth than P, in Fig. 14. The valve T after inflation would be
locked by S and Nas before described.
Referring to the arrangements shewn by Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8. When repairs havo
to be made in the bag A, this could be instantly deflated by removing the plug N
from J, the nut M may then be unscrewed and the junction of C and C' discou-
nected, and by releasing E' from F, C' could he turned back so that the canvas.
covering A' of the bag A would be exposed to view in which a slit ell would be
provided as at Fig. 5, and at this part the solutioned joint in A, or the blockod
ends of this, would be arranged to occur, and if the former, the bag A would be
pulled out through the slit e the solutioned joint thereof be severed, and the
valve removed, (unless the device Fig. 15 be used) when a string or the like may
be tied to one end of A, and by pulling out the opposite end of A the whole of
this may be withdrawn, leaving the string or the like in its place, with both ends
thereof protruding, but if the latter method of arranging A be employed, loops
and e' may be provided upon the block ends of this, as at Fig. 1, to either of which

page_text: claims the employment upon the cover C thereof, of upstanding ridges D arranged
as at Figs. 2, 3 or 4 or any combination of these designs, substantially as and for
the purposes herein described and shewn.
5th. In combination with any type of pneumatic tyre or such as that set forth in
the second and third claims horeof, the employment therewith of a charging valve,
consisting of an externally threaded tube J, provided at one end with a rim or
flange K, with or without a second plate or washer L, and bored and threaded
internally to receive a hollow plug N, and ball valve O, as at Fig. 13, or a valve P
as at Fig. 14, or arranged to receive externally the portion N, and internally a
valve R, with cross pin 6 moving in slots co' in N, as at Fig. 16, or with internal
plug N, and valve T, as at Fig. 15, and the manner of connecting either of these
devices with the air bag A tube A and rim B, by means of a nut M, with or without
a nut M', the whole connected and operating substantially as and for the purposes
herein described and shewn by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 30th day of October 1803.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
4, Moorfields, Fore Street, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.