Improvements in Tubulous Boilers.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubulous Boilers.
We, PETER BENTZEN, of Newport, in the County of Newport, and CHRISTIAN
FREDERIK OLSEN, of Bristol, in the County of Bristol, both in the State of
Rhode Island, U.S.A., Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The objects of our inventions are, first, to construct a tubulous boiler, which shall
provide for an enlarged grate and combustion area; second, to provide series of
manifolds connected with a plurality of water vessels and generator tubes; third,
to construct a detachable, sectional casing to enclose said boiler; and fourth; to
make the said boiler in such a manner that the greatest amount of efficiency shall
be obtained, without sacrificing simplicity of construction, or economy in cost.
With these objects in view, reference is had to the annexed Specification and
drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete boiler, with a portion of the casing
broken away.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation view of the complete boiler of Fig. 1 with one half of
the front casing broken away.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of a series of manifolds attached to a water vessel.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a portion of one row of said manifolds.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged side elevational, broken view of a single manifold, with its
generator pipes mostly broken away.
Fig. 6 is a side, broken view, of an improved grate bar and Fig. 7 is a cross-
sectional view of Fig. 6.
A, A', represent two horizontally disposed water vessels, a given distance above
and between which is located a steam receptacle B, also horizontally disposed.
Between the said water vessels, which preferably are located a distance apart
corresponding approximately to the width of the boiler casing C, is arranged the
fire grate at D.
Along the upper surface of each of the aforesaid water vessels are arranged in
one, or in a plurality of rows, manifolds E, which are each connected with a series
of generator tubes, which tubes are in turn connected with the aforesaid steam
receptacle B, along the upper portion thereof. These manifolds E are constructed
preferably as shown in Fig. 5 and in such construction consist essentially of a
casing having an opening running therethrough; with a plurality of lateral
projections e and openings formed therein, communicating with the said main
opening the generator tubes G being connected with said projections. A
projection portion or pipe F continues from the lower part of each of said
manifolds, and is joined, by means of a union nut f, to projection ', corresponding
in number to the number of manifolds and arranged along the top of each of the
said water vessels. The said projections are preferably threaded, and arranged in
alternate rows, if desired (having openings communicating with the interior of
their said respective water chambers), and the union nut, f, fitting with its flange
over a flange on pipe F is adapted to be screwed tightly down upon the said
projection f¹ to connect the manifolds therewith.
Plugs e2 are screwed into holes, which admit of access to the end of each

page_text: generator tube, opposite the openings in the projections e 1. The said manifolds
may also be arranged at different and alternate heights, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
It will be noticed in the latter view that the lowest in position of the generator
tubes, are a sufficient distance above the grate D to allow of a very large fire box;
in fact, larger than the fire box in similar tubulous boilers.
The tubes Gare preferably formed straight from the manifolds and are inclined
upwardly, as shown, toward the centre of the fire chamber, where they are bent,
approximately, as at 1 and 2 and are then connected with the separator, in the
upper portion thereof, in the usual manner.
From the top of each manifold extends upwardly a generator tube H, composing
a wall of generator tubes, which are preferably conformed to the shape of, and are
adjacent to, the outer casing I. This wall of generator tubes utilizes such heat as
would otherwise come in contact with the said casing and be cooled or lost for
generating purposes.
It will be noticed, furthermore, that the shape given to the generator tubes G
forms the combustion chambers J. J 1, which utilize, by reason of better combustion,
gases which would otherwise be of little use, or would pass off ineffectually through
the stack.
At each end of the entire series of generator tubes is arranged a manifold,
considerably above the general level of the other manifolds; and from each of
these manifolds continues a set of generator tubes K, which tebes are located
adjacent to the front and rear walls of the casing I, and are shorter in length and
differently bent than the other set of tubes. This construction prevents the waste
of gases at the ends of said casings; so that the full combustion taking place
within the casing is utilized, and, by providing the combustion chambers, such
combustion is enlarged and facilitated, while the gases will enter the uptake and
stack at a comparatively low temperature.
Located within the steam receptacle B is a separator plate L, which is preferably
corrugated laterally, as shown in our other Application, and extends approximately
the length of the said receptacle, to intercept the flow of steam from the generator
tubes.
Return pipes M, M 1 connect the lower part of the separator B with the two
water vessels A, A 1, to allow a ready return of condensed, and flow of, feed water,
to the said vessel.
A feed water heater is represented by a number of lengths of pipe N, which,
leading from an injector or pump enter the casing I, at N 2, and are located within
one of the combustion chambers J 1, and passing under the receptacle B, as at n,
continue their folds, as at N 1, in the opposite combustion chamber J 1, (not
shown) where the said heater is connected, as at j¹ to the said receptacle B.
A feed water valve, to a pipe leading from the donkey pump, is indicated at j.
A steam feed pipe O is horizontally arranged within the receptacle B, and under
the separator plate L, and passes out through the said receptacle B at P outside
of the front casing I, the ends of which receptacle project through the said casing;
the ends of the water vessel also, passing outside of the said casing where the
return pipes M, M 1, connect the said receptacle and water vessels together.
Fire bricks Q are disposed along each side of the fire box and against the
inward surface of the water vessels, to protect them; also at each end of casing.
The casing is formed and put on in sections, similar to the ones marked R, S,
T, U, and any section thereof can he removed independently.
The said sections as shown are retained in place by the cleats or straps r, s, t, U, V,
or by any other suitable means, and are intended to be removed through the coal
bunkers, or the deck, as found convenient, and according to the location of the
boiler.
The ordinary self closing doors are provided for the ash pit, and the said ash pit
is of common construction.
The grate bars ware however formed triangular in cross section, as shown in
Figs. 6 and 7, and have each a collar w' shrunk on, near their forward ends.

page_text: Holes are formed in the front of the casing, as shown; transverse grate bar
supporters y support the said grate bar to, and the said collars w 1, being, when the
said bars w are in place, located within the holes z of the said front plate, while
the forward ends of the said bars protrude beyond the said collar w 1 and serve as
an effectual means to prevent escape of steam, in case of leakage, or of gases, into
the stoke hole, from within the casing I.
A baffle plate Z is provided under the separator to prevent, by reason of its
glancing the heat from, and shielding the separator, excessive ebullition or raising
of the water therein.
In the event of one or more tubes being defective or showing leakage, the said
condition can be readily corrected by fixing a plate in the union nut to cut off
steam from the lower part of a manifold, and by plugging the opening of said
defective tube at its entrance in the receptacle.
The construction herein set forth provides for readily removing or repairing any
set of generator tubes or part of the generator; and the extremely large grate area
provided in this boiler renders it suitable for burning either hard or soft coal, and
it is thus capable of accomplishing great results without forced draught.
Date hind 1 T..L.. 100-
F. W. BARKER,
Applicants' Agent.
Improvements in Tubulous Boilers.
We, PETER BENTZEN, of Newport, in the County of Newport, and CHRISTIAN
FREDERIK OLSEN, of Bristol, in the County of Bristol, both in the State of
Rhode Island, U.S.A. Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The objects of our invention are, first, to construct a tubulous boiler, which shall
provide for an enlarged grate and combustion area; second, to provide series of
manifolds connected with a plurality of water vessels and generator tubes; third to
construct a detachable, sectional casing to enclose said boiler; and fourth, to make
the said boiler in such a manner that the greatest amount of efficiency shall be
obtained, without sacrificing simplicity of construction or economy in cost.
With these objects in view, reference is had to the annexed Specification and
drawings left with the Provisional Specification in which:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete boiler, with a portion of the casing
broken away.
Fig. 2 is a front elevation view of the complete boiler of Fig. 1 with one half of
the front casing broken away.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation of a series of manifolds attached to a water vessel.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a portion of one row of said manifolds.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged side elevational, broken view of a single manifold, with its
generator pipes mostly broken away.
Fig. 6 is a side, broken view, of an improved grate bar; and Fig. 7 is a cross-
sectional view of Fig. 6.
A, A', represent two horizontally disposed water vessels, a given distance above
and between which is located a steam receptacle B, also horizontally disposed.
Between the said water vessels, which preferably are located a distance apart
corresponding approximately to the width of the boiler casing C, is arranged the
fire grate at D.
Along the upper surface of each of the aforesaid water vessels are arranged in
one, or in a plurality of rows, manifolds E, which are cach connected with a series

page_text: of generator tubes, which tubes are in turn connected with the aforesaid steam
receptacle B, along the upper portion thereof.
These manifolds E are constructed preferably as shown in Fig. 5 and in such
construction consist essentially of a casing having an opening running therethrough,
with a plurality of lateral projections e¹ and openings formed therein, communicating
with the said main opening; the generator tubes G being connected with said
projections. A projection portion or pipe F continues from the lower part of each
of said manifolds, and is joined, by means of a union nut f, to projection /¹
corresponding in number to the number of manifolds and arranged along the top of
each of the said water vessels. The said projections are preferably threaded, and
arranged in alternate rows, if desired (having openings communicating with the
interior of their said respective water chambers), and the union nut, fitting with its
flange over a flange or pipe F is adapted to be screwed tightly down upon the said
projection to connect the manifolds therewith.
Plugs are screwed into holes, which admit of access to the end of each
generator tube, opposite the openings in the projections e'. The said manifolds may
also be arranged at different and alternate heights, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. It
will be noticed in the latter view that the lowest in position of the generator tubes,
are a sufficient distance above the grate D to allow of a very large fire box; in
fact, larger than the fire box in similar tubulous boilers.
The tubes G are preferably formed straight from the manifolds and are inclined
upwardly, as shown, towards the centre of the fire chamber, where they are bent,
approximately, as at g, gl and y² and are then connected with the separator, in the
upper portion thereof, in the usual manner.
From the top of each manifold extends upwardly a generator tube H, which tubes
compose a wall of generator tubes, which are preferably conformed to the shape of,
and are adjacent to, the outer casing I. This wall of generator tubes utilizes such
heat as would otherwise come in contact with the said casing and be cooled or lost
for generating purposes.
It will be noticed, furthermore, that the shape given to the generator tubes G
forms the combustion chambers J, J, which utilize, by reason of better combustion,
gases which would otherwise be of little use, or would pass off ineffectually through
the stack.
At each end of the entire series of generator tubes is arranged a manifold,
considerably above the general level of the other manifolds; and from each of
these manifolds continues a set of generator tubes K, which tubes are located
adjacent to the front and rear walls of the casing I, and are shorter in length and
differently bent than the other set of tubes. This construction prevents the waste
of gases at the ends of said casings; so that the full combustion taking place
within the casing is utilized, and, by providing the combustion chambers, such
combustion is enlarged and facilitated, while the gases will enter the uptake and
stack at a comparatively low temperature.
Located within the steam receptacle B is a separator plate L, which is preferably
corrugated laterally, as shown in our other application, and extends approximately
the length of the said receptacle, to intercept the flow of steam from the generator
tubes.
Return pipes M, M' connect the lower part of the separator B with the two
water vessels A, A' to allow a ready return of condensed, and flow of, feed, water,
to the said vessel.
A feed water heater is represented by a number of lengths of pipe N, which,
leading from an injector or pump enter the casing I, at N, and are located within
one of the combustion chambers J', aud passing under the receptacle B, as at n,
continue their folds, as at N¹ in the opposite combustion chamber J', (not shown)
where the said heater is connected, as at J' to the said receptacle B. A feed
water valve, to a pipe leading from the donkey pump, is indicated at J³.
A steam feed pipe O is horizontally arranged within the receptacle B, and under
the separator plate L, and passes out through the said receptacle B at P outside of

page_text: the front casing 1, the ends of which receptacle project through the said casing; the
ends of the water vessel also, passing outside of the said casing where the return
pipes M, M connect the said receptacle and water vessels together.
Fire bricks Q are disposed along each side of the fire box and against the
inward surface of the water vessels, to protect them; also at each end of casing.
The casing I is formed and put on in sections, similar to the ones marked R, S,
T, U, and any section thereof can be removed independently.
The said sections as shown are retained in place by the cleats or straps r, s, t, u, v,
or by any other suitable means, and are intended to be removed through the coal
bunkers, or the deck, as found convenient, and according to the location of the
boiler.
The ordinary self closing doors are provided for the ash pit, and the said ash pit
is of common construction.
The grate bars are however formed triangular in cross section, as shown in
Figs. 6 and 7, and have each a collar c¹ shrunk on, near their forward ends.
Holes are formed in the front of the casing, as shown; transverse grate bar
supporters y support the said grate bars w, and the said collars w¹ being, when the
said bars to are in place, located within the holes X of the said front plate, while
the forward ends of the said bars protrude beyond the said collar and serve as
an effectual means to prevent escape of steam, in case of leakage, or of gases, into
the stoke hole, from within the casing I.
A baffle plate Z is provided under the separator to prevent by reason of its
glancing the beat from, and shielding the separator, excessive ebullition or raising
of the water therein.
In the event of one or more tubes being defective or showing leakage, the said
condition can be readily corrected by fixing a plate in the union nut to cut off steam
from the lower part of a manifold, and by plugging the opening of said defective
tube at its entrance in the receptacle.
The construction herein set forth provides for readily removing or repairing any
set of generator tubes or part of the generator; and the extremely large grate area
provided in this boiler renders it suitable for burning either hard or soft coal, and
it is thus capable of accomplishing great results without forced draught.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what mauzer the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels, a steam receptacle, and
continuous bent generator tubes connected with said steam receptacle, said tubes
being detachable from and indirectly connected with, said water vessels, substantially
as set forth.
2. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels, a steam receptacle, and
continuous bent generator tubes connected with said steam receptacle, a series of
upright manifolds connected only with said water vessels and with said generator
tubes, and a connection formed between said tubes and said manifolds, thereby
connecting the said steam receptacle, by means of said tubes and said manifolds
with the said water vessels, substantially as set forth.
3. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels and a steam receptacle,
a plurality of beut generator tubes connected in two series, at one end with said
steam receptacle, and each series connected at their other ends with a manifold, and a
connection formed between each of said manifolds and said water vessels, said
manifolds having direct connection only with said generator tubes, substantially as
set forth.
4. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels and a steam receptacle,
generator tubes connected with said receptacle, rows of manifolds connected with,
and supported by, each of said water vessels, and a connection formed between the
said generator tubes and the said water vessels by means of said manifolds, said

page_text: manifolds being directly connected only with said generator tubes and with said
water vessels, substantially as set forth.
5. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels, a steam receptacle,
generator tubes connected with said receptacle, rows of manifolds connected
detachably with each of said water vessels, the said water vessels being independent
of each other, and a connection formed between said tubes and said water vessels,
the said manifolds connecting directly only with said generator tubes with their
respective water vessels, substantially as set forth.
6. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels, and a steam receptacle.
bent generator tubes, secured in series to sai receptacle, and manifolds connected
with, and projecting upwardly from, the upper part of each of said water vessels,
said manifolds having direct connections each only with a series of said generator
tubes and with their said respective water vessels, substantially as set forth.
7. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels, and a steam receptacle,
generator tubes connected with said receptacle, manifolds connected with each of
said water vessels, and arranged in alternate rows upon same, and connection
formed between said tubes and said manifolds, substantially as set forth.
8. A steam generator having a plurality of water vessels, and a steam receptacle,
generator tubes connected with said receptacle, manifolds connected with said
water vessels, and a union nut joint for effecting such connection, the said tubes
being connected with said manifolds, substantially as set forth.
9. In a steam generator having manifolds, laterally extending tubes secured
thereto, a longitudinal aperture extending through said manifolds, and a tube
extending from the end of such opening in each of said manifolds, substantially as
set forth.
10. In a steam generator having manifolds, laterally extending tubes secured
thereto, a longitudinal aperture extending through said inanifolds, lateral openings
formed opposite the place of connection with said tubes, and screw plugs to fit
detachably therein, to close said aperture, and a tube extending from the end of
the opening of each of said longitudinal apertures, substantially as set forth.
11. In a steam generator having a water vessel, and a steam receptacle, generator
tubes connected with said receptacle, manifolds connected with said water vessel, a
tube connected with, and running from each end of, each of said manifolds, to the
said receptacle, and a union nut joint for effecting such connection, the said tubes
being connected with said manifolds, substantially as set forth.
12. In a steam generator having manifolds, and tubes connected laterally there-
with, a short tube connecting each of said manifolds directly with a water vessel
placed adjacent to said generator tubes, a generator tube connected with, and
running from the end of, each of said manifolds, to the said receptacle, the said
water vessel supporting said manifolds, and the said manifolds being directly
connected with only said water vessel and said generator tubes, substantially as
set forth.
13. A steam generator having a plurality of elongated water vessels, and
a steam receptacle, generator tubes connected with said receptacle, manifolds
connected with and located along the upper portion of said water vessels, the
said generator tubes being connected laterally with the said manifolds and the said
manifolds being detachably connected with said water vessels, substantially as set.
forth.
14. A steam generator having a plurality of elongated water vessels, and a steam
receptacle, the latter located above and between the former, generator tubes
connected with the steam receptacle and passing in a partially curved form to, and
connected with, the said water vessels, water heater pipes connected and located
adjacent to the said steam receptacle and within arches or concavities formed by
the said generator tubes, the said pipes connecting with a feed valve and with
the said steam receptacle, and adapted to connect with an injector, substantially as
set forth.

page_text: 15. A steam generator having a plurality of elongated water vessels and a steam
receptacle, the latter located above and between the former, generator tubes
connected with the steam receptacle, and passing in a partially curved form to, and
connected with, the said water vessels, parallel water heater pipes connected with
bended ends and located adjacent to the said steam receptacle, on opposite sides
thereof and within arches or concavities formed by the said generator tubes, the
said heater pipes connecting with a feed valve and with the said steam receptacle,
and adapted to connect with an injector, substantially as set forth.
16. In a steam generator a plurality of water vessels, and a steam receptacle,
generator tubes connected at one end with said receptacle and at their other ends
with manifolds supported by and connected with the said water vessels, and a return
pipe connecting the said receptacle with each of said water vessels, substantially as
set forth.
17. In a steam generator having a steam receptacle, and having a plurality of
water vessels, and generator tubes connecting the said parts with each other, a
steam and water separator made in the form of a plate placed and extenling
longitudinally within said receptacle, and conforming laterally to the upper semi-
circular curve of the said receptacle, and located adjacent to the ends of the said
generator tubes, substantially as set forth.
18. In a steam generator having a steam receptacle and a plurality of water
vessels, and generator tubes connected with said steam receptacle, and, by means of
manifolds, connected with said water vessels, means, located within said steam
receptacle, for separating the moisture from the steam entering the same,
substantially as set forth.
19. In a steam generator having a steam receptacle and a plurality of water
vessels connected therewith by means of tubes, and having a water and steam
separator, a steam pipe entering said receptacle and passing longitudinally within
said receptacle, horizontally under said separator, the said steam pipe being slotted
along its upper surface, for a portion of its length, substantially as set forth.
20. In a steam generator having a steam receptacle, and having a plurality of
water vessels arranged in a horizontal line, manifolds extending in a row along the
upper surface of each of said water vessels, continuous bent generator tubes
connected with, and running from, said manifolds, to, and connecting with, said
steam receptacle, and a fire box formed and extending longitudinally between the
said water vessels and rows of manifolds, substantially as set forth.
21. A steam generator having two water vessels, the said water vessels being
arranged each at approximately opposite sides of the said generator, rows of
manifolds arranged along, and supported by, said water vessels, generator tubes
connected in series with said manifolds and with a steam receptacle, and a fire box
located between said water vessels, substantially as set forth.
22. A steam generator having two water vessels, the said water vessels being
arranged each at approximately opposite sides of the said generator, rows of
manifolds arranged along, and supported by, said water vessels, generator tubes
connected in series with said manifolds and with a steam receptacle, a plurality of
generator tubes connected each with the end of their respective manifolds and
connected with said receptacle, and a fire box located between said water vessele,
substantially as set forth.
23. A steam generator having two water vessels, the said water vessels being
arranged each at approximately opposite sides of the said generator, rows of
manifolds arranged along, and supported by, said water vessels, generator tubes
connected in series with said manifolds and with a steam receptacle, a generator
tube connected with the end of each mauifold, and connected with a steam
receptacle, substantially as set forth.
24. A steam generator having two water vessels, the said water vessels being
arranged each at approximately opposite sides of the said generator, rows of
manifolds arranged along, and supported by, said water vessels, generator tubes

page_text: connected in series with said manifolds and with a steam receptacle, a plurality of
generator tubes connected each with the end of their respective manifolds, and
connected with said receptacle, the said latter tubes forming a tubular wall or
enclosure outside of the said first mentioned generator tubes, substantially as
set forth.
25. A steam generator having two water vessels, the said water vessels being
arranged each at approximately opposite sides of the said generator, rows of
manifolds arranged along, and supported by, said water vessels, generator tubes
connected in series with said manifolds, and with a steam receptacle, one of the
said manifolds, at each end of the aforesaid rows of manifolds, being raised above
the other of said manifolds, the said generator tubes of the said outer manifolds
being shorter and running through a different area than the generator tubes of the
other manifolds, substantially as set forth.
26. In a steam generator having a plurality of water vessels, a steam receptacle,
manifolds supported by, and connected with, said water vessels, and generator tubes
connecting with said manifolds and said receptacle, a fire box arranged below the
said receptacle, and a baffle plate interposed between the said receptacle and the
said fire bux, to protect said receptacle, substantially as set forth.
27. In a steam generator, having a fire box, grate bar, arranged in said fire box,
holes formed in the generator casing opposite the ends of said grate bars, and a
ring or swelling formed around the end of said grate bars, near one end thereof,
substantially as set forth.
28. In a steam generator baving a fire box, grate bars arranged in said fire box,
holes formed in the generator casing opposite the ends of said grate bars and
adapted to receive an end of each of said grate bars, and a ring or swelling formed
around the end of said grate bars, near one end thereof, and said grate bars being
approximately triangular in cross section, substantially as set forth.
29. In a steam generator having a water vessel, a steam receptacle, and generator
tubes connecting the said parts, a removable sectional casing effectually enclosing
said generator, and means for holding said casing in such position, substantially as
set forth.
30. In a steam generator having a water vessel, a steam receptacle, and generator
tubes connecting the said parts, a removable fireproof casing effectually enclosing
said generator, and means, consisting of elongated pieces, for overlapping the
seams of, and for retaining in place the sections of said casings substantially as
set forth.
31. In a steam generator having a manifold, and having generator tubes, a
plurality of series of said generator tubes connected to said manifolds, substantially
as set forth.
32. In a steam generator having a manifold, and having generator tubes, two
series of said generator tubes connected to said manifold, substantially as
set forth.
33. In a steam generator having a manifold, and having generator tubes, a
plurality of series of said generator tubes connected to each manifold, the said
series arranged each at different relative heights or portions upon said manifold,
substantially as set forth.
34. In a steam generator having a water vessel, a steam receptacle, and having
manifolds and generator tubes, said manifolds arranged in rows upon said water
vessel, each row of said manifolds being arranged at a different height from the
other and adjacent row of manifolds, and the said generator tubes being connected
with said manifolds, and with said receptacle, substantially as set forth.
35. In a steam generator having a water vessel, a steam receptacle, and having
manifolds and generator tubes, said manifolds arranged in two or more rows
longitudinally along said water vessel, each row of said manifolds being arranged
at a different height from the other and adjacent row of manifolds, and the said
generator tubes being connected with said manifolds, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 36. The improvements in tubulous boilers, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described, set forth, and illustrated in the drawings.
Dated this 30th of Nawamber 1905
F. W. BARKER,
Applicant's Agent.