IMPROVE- MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE FULLING, SCOURING, AND CLEANSING OF WOOLLEN YARNS AND CLOTHS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Porritt, of Littletown, in the Parish of
Birstal, in the County of York, Manufacturer, and William Priestley,
of Birstal aforesaid, Scribbling Miller, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE FULLING, SCOURING, AND CLEANSING
OF WOOLLEN YARNS AND CLOTHS."
Sealed the 8th June 1866, and dated the 13th December 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Porritt and
William Priestley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 18th December 1865.
We, BENJAMIN PORRITT, of Littletown, in the Parish of Birstal, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, and WILLIAM PRIESTLEY, of Birstal afore-
said, Scribbling Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE FULLING, SCOURING, AND
CLEANSING OF WOOLLEN YARNS AND CLOTHS," to be as follows:-
The fulling stocks generally used in fulling yarns or cloths often by their
heavy and cumbrous character act injuriously upon the yarns or cloths under
operation, whilst they also fail in effectually removing the grease contained
in yarns, and the scouring of such yarns or fabrics is effected by a separate'
process.
According to our improvements we connect the two processes so that they
may follow each other without stoppage, and be regular and uniform in their

page_text: operation, so as to avoid or greatly reduce the injurious effects referred to.
For this purpose the "headstocks" or "thumpers" are by links or connecting
rods connected to and operated by cranks from a revolving axis. The
"abutments" are moveable, being connected to levors, and they have weights
applied to them adapted to vary the pressure exerted on the material according
to the quantity of it for the time under operation, and such material is con-
ducted to between the abutment and its headstock or thumper, and is drawn
therefrom uniformly by rollers or pulleys to which the desired rotary motion
is given by bands or otherwise. Water in jets may be caused to flow on to
the material as it passes to be acted upon by the headstocks or thumpers, by
which pulling, scouring, and cleansing may be continuously effected without
removal of the material, and the water employed after acting on the material
under operation escapes by suitable outlets.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Porritt and William Priestley in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 12th June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BENJAMIN
PORKITT, of Littletown, in the Parish of Birstal, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, and WILLIAM PRIESTLEY, of Birstal aforesaid, Scribbling
Miller, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day. of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Benjamin Porritt and William Priestley, Her special licence that wc,
the said Benjamin Porritt and William Priestley, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Benjamin Porritt and
William Priestley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE FULLING, SCOURING, AND
CLEANSING OF WOOLLEN YARNS AND CLOTHS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Benjamin Porritt and William Priestley, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their

page_text: .
hands and seals, or under the haud and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the. same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Benjamin Porritt and William
Priestley, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The fulling stocks generally used in fulling yarns or cloths often by their
heavy and cumbrous character act injuriously upon the yarns or cloths under
operation, whilst they also fail. in effectually removing the grease contained 'in
yarns, and the scouring of such yarns or fabrics is effected by a separate
-process.
According to our improvements we connect the two processes so that they
may follow each other without stoppage, and be regular and uniform in their
operation, so as to avoid or greatly reduce the injurious effects before referred
to. For this purpose the "headstocks" or "thumpers" are by links or
connecting rods connected to and operated by cranks from a revolving axis.
The "abutment" is moveable, being connected to levers, and has a weight or
a lever applied to it adapted to vary the pressure exerted on the material to
the quantity of it for the time under operation, and such material is conducted
to between the abutment and the headstocks or thumpers, and is drawn
therefrom uniformly by rollers or pulleys to which the desired rotary motion is
given by bands or otherwise. Water in jets or steam may be caused to flow on
to the material as it passes to be acted upon by the headstocks or thumpers,
by which fulling, scouring, and cleansing may be continuously effected without
removal of the material, and the water employed after acting on the material
under operation escapes by suitable outlets.
But that the Invention may be fully understood, we will by the aid of the
accompanying Drawing procced to describe means pursued by us.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING,
which represents a side view of apparatus constructed according to our
improvements.
a is the framing to the main axis, which receives motion from a steam
engine or other suitable power acting by a strap or band c on the drum or
"
71
791
"

page_text: these connecting rods d is by pin joint at: d connected to the head of a
thumper e. The moveable abutment is connected to the lever or rod f, and it
has applied to it the weight.g, or it may be a lever, the amount of force
exerted by which may be varied to the pressure required when operating upon
a larger or less quantity of yarn or cloth. hand are a pair of conducting
rollers by which the yarn or cloth is carried over to and in position to be
taken between the headstocks and the moveable abutment in the receptacle j.
.Motion is communicated from the axis 6 to the axis of the conducting roller i
by means of a band or strap k, which passes over a pulley 7 affixed on the
axis b, and over a similar pulley m applied on the axis of the roller i. By
causing water or steam to flow in jets on to the yarn or cloth at n scouring
will be effected. 0, 0, are out or overflow passages. By these means fulling,
scouring, and cleansing of the material under operation may be effected
without the necessity of removal or change of the material by hand during
the operations.
Having thus described our Invention and means which we adopt in carrying
the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not confine
ourselves to the precise details shown and described, as these may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of our improvements; but what
we claim is, the adaptation or combination of means or apparatus for effecting
the fulling, scouring, and cleansing of woollen yarns or cloths substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Benjamin Porritt and William Priestley,
have hereunto set our bands and seals, this Eighth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
BENJAMIN PORRITT. (L.S.)