Improvements in Apparatus for use in the Photometric Examination of Gases.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 27th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. -
Improvements in Apparatus for use in the Photometric Examination
of Gases.
I, WILLIAM FOSTER of No. 14 Clement's Inn London Consulting Chemist
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention consists of apparatus whereby the illuminating value of one and
the same sample of gas can be rapidly ascertained when consumed in a number of
different burners.
It consists of a tap or cock the plug of which is fixed.
A channel or passage
for the gas is made along a portion of the longitudinal axis of the plug terminating
laterally.
Encircling the plug is a mass of metal carrying arms of equal length at the end
of each arm a particular but different burner being arranged. These arms with
the burners which they carry rotate round the central fixed plug.
In using the apparatus a particular burner is brought round to the end of the
bar of the photometer whereby the lateral channel in the plug, the arm of the
burner required, and the bar of the photometer are all three in the same straight
line. All the other arms and therefore all the other burners of the apparatus are
cut off from gas communication.
When flat flame burners are used I arrange a form of tap at the extremity of the
radial arm whereby the flat surface or the edge of the flame can be opposite to the
disc of the photometer.
WM.
FOSTER,
14, Clement's Inn, W.C.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for use in the Photometric Examination
of Gases.
I, WILLIAM FOSTER, of 14, Clement's Inn, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Master of Arts, Fellow of the Chemical Society, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of apparatus whereby the illuminating value of one and
the same sample of gas can be rapidly ascertained when consumed in a number of
different burners.
It consists of a tap or cock, the plug of which is fixed.
A channel or passage
for the gas is made along a portion of the longitudinal axis of the plug, terminating
laterally. Encircling the plug is a mass of metal carrying arms of equal length,
at the end of each arm a particular but different burner being arranged. These
arms, with the burners which they carry, rotate round the central fixed plug.
Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings are vertical and transverse sections
respectively of apparatus possessing six arms; but the number of arms of an apparatus
may be greater or less than six. The section shown by Fig. 1 is a vertical plane
passing through the axes of two opposite arms and the axis of the central plug.
A section of the form of tap used at the extremities of the arms for carrying the
burners is also given.
The channel or passage for the gas through the central fixed plug (A, Fig. 1)
terminates laterally at B, and is so arranged that its direction coincides with that of
the bar of the photometer. When the burner carried by any one arm is in use, this
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page_text: lateral passage or channel, the passage or channel for the gas along the arm, and
the bar of the photometer itself are either in the same straight line or parallel. By
rotating the arms of the apparatus through a small angle the gas supply is cut off
from all the arms. A further slight rotation of the arms in the same direction
brings the next adjacent arm into position like the first, and so on for each
succeeding arm of the apparatus.
When the burner carried at the extremity of an arm of the apparatus is of the
flat flame type, an arrangement of tap shown in Fig. 1 at C is used. It consists of
a plug which has a circular groove D, one or more radial channels being cut
whereby the gas flowing along the channel or passage of the arm can enter the
circular groove, and by the radial channels or passages find ready outlet by the
vertical passage E to the burner carried by the arm. A milled screw-head is fixed
to the plug beneath and shown at F, whereby the plug and therefore the burner
can be made to rotate through any suitable angle without in any way altering the
amount of gas passing to the burner. In that way the amount of light proceeding
from the flat surface of the flame, or its edge, or any intermediate position, can be
photometrically ascertained in an expeditious manner.
When a burner is not required to be rotated, it is screwed rigidly on the
extremity of the arm in the ordinary way, as shown at G, Fig. 1.
I consider the foregoing the best way of carrying out my invention. I make,
however, two slight modifications of the apparatus.
Firstly, there may be one or more lateral apertures or openings in the fixed plug,
which may have a circular or annular groove at the same level as the apertures.
In such a case, the gas finds its way to each and all the arms simultaneously. An
ordinary tap or cock is then inserted on each of the arms at a convenient point
between the burner and the fixed plug.
Secondly, I reverse the relative motions of the parts of the apparatus. In such
case, the arms are attached radially at one end of the plug, and the whole rotates.
The gas supplied to the arms carried by the plug now passes inwards instead of
outwards, the means of effecting this being in mechanical details like those described
above. The means for carrying such modifications into effect will be well under-
stood by practical men from the drawings filed herewith.
If the number of arms of an apparatus be N, such an apparatus enables me to
test photometrically a given sample of gas by N different burners. It also enables
me to test N samples of gas by a separate and special burner suited for each
individual sample of gas.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim as my invention is :-
:-
Firstly An apparatus with radial arms each carrying a burner for testing gas
photometrically.
Secondly-A tap or cock the plug of which is fixed and having a lateral
opening around which arms rotate carrying gas burners at their extremities.
Thirdly-A tap or cock the plug of which rotates and to which are fixed arms
carrying gas burners, the gas being led from outside the plug inwards and thence
to the arms carried by the rotating plug.
Fourthly A special form of tap, plug, or cock, grooved and cut in such a way
that the burner affixed to it at the extremity of an arm of the apparatus can be
turned through any angle without interfering with the amount of gas being consumed
in such burner.
:-
Fifthly The application of such apparatus as has been described above either
wholly or in part to the photometric examination of gas or gases.
Dated this First dex of November 1800.
WILLIAM FOSTER.