IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING APPARATUS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Healey, of No. 66, Mortimer Road, Kingsland
Road, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EVAPORATING APPARATUS."
Scaled the 30th June 1876, and dated the 2nd May 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Healey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1876.
BENJAMIN HEALEY, of No. 66, Mortimer Road, Kingsland Road, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING APPARATUS."
My Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus for evaporating
aqueous particles from saccharine and other solutions in an economical and effective
inanner, whereby the solution may be continuously discharged in its concentrated
state at one point of the apparatus, while fresh solution to be ovaporated is con-
tinuously introduced at another point.
For this purpose I arrange within a shallow rectangular metal pan into which the
liquid to be evaporated is introduced one or more transverse shafts, upon which cre
fixed a number of metal discs side by side, with small spaces intervening between
them, rotary motion being imparted to the shaft or shafts by any suitable
mechanism; the discs which dip into the liquid in the pan carry a portion of the
samo adhering to their sides up out of the body of the fluid, and while the thin
films of solution upon the discs are thus carried through an enclosed space or
chamber above the pan they are subjected to tho action of heated currents of air,
which are forced to pass through the narrow spaces between the discs, and which
rapidly evaporate the watery particles from the solution, the air so charged with
moisture being allowed to escape at one end of the chamber, the solution in the pan
being at the same time heated either by a fire beneath the pan or by a coil of steam
pipes within the same, or by a steam jacket; the ovaporation will be rapidly carried
on, while the rotation of the discs within the solution will effect a proper circulation
of the latter, thus preventing the formation of a deposit in the pan. By preference
the pan is made of some considerable length in proportion to its width, and two,
three, or moro sets of revolving discs are arranged in the same, so that as the
solution is introduced continuously into the pan at one end it is repeatedly raised
in thin films by the successive discs and subjected to the action of the blast of
heated air as it travels towards the other end, and where it consequently arrives in
a sufficiently concentrated condition to be discharged through a pipe in a continuous
stream.

page_text: If the evaporating pan is heated by the direct application of fire the waste heat
hereof is employed for heating pipes or passages, through the interior of which the
air for effecting the evaporation is forced by a fan or other known means, and the
hot air charged with moisture may be still further utilized after leaving the appa-
ratus by causing it to pass either through a coil of pipes or a double casing of
another evaporating pan, in which the water may be partially evaporated from the
solution to be subsequently concentrated to a greater extent in the before described
apparatus.
If the evaporating pan of this apparatus is heated by a coil of steam pipes or by
a steam jacket the before-mentioned pipes or passages for supplying the hot air will
have to be heated by a separate fire. If necessary a scraper may be made to travel
backwards and forwards on the bottom of the evaporating pan in any suitable
known manner in order to prevent deposit of the concentrated solution.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Benjamin Healey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th October
1870.
BENJAMIN HEALEY, of No. 66, Mortimer Road, Kingsland Road, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING APPARATUS."
My Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus for evaporating
aqueous particles from saccharine and other solutions in an economical and effective
manner, whereby the solution may be continuously discharged in its concentrated
state at one point of the apparatus, while fresh solution to be evaporated is con-
tinuously introduced at another point.
For this purpose I arrange within a shallow rectangular metal pan into which the
liquid to be evaporated is introduced one or more transverse shafts, upon which are
fixed a number of metal discs side by side, with small spaces intervening between
them, rotary motion being imparted to the shaft or shafts by any suitable
mechanism; the discs which dip into the liquid in the pan carry a portion of the
same adhering to their sides up out of the body of the fluid, and while the thin
films of solution upon the discs are thus carried through an enclosed space or
chamber above the pan they are subjected to the action of heated currents of air,
which are forced to pass through the narrow spaces between the discs, and which
rapidly evaporate the watery particles from the solution, the air so charged with
moisture being allowed to escape at one end of the chamber, the solution in the pan
being at the same time heated either by a fire beneath the pan or by a coil of steam
pipes within the same, or by a steam jacket, the evaporation will be rapidly carried
Oll, while the rotation of the discs within the solution will effect a proper circulation
of the latter, thus preventing the formation of a deposit in the pan. By preference
the pan is made of some considerable length in proportion to its width, and two,
three, or more sets of revolving discs are arranged in the same, so that as the
solution is introduced continuously into the pan at one end it is repeatedly raised in
these films by the successive discs and subjected to the action of the blast of heated
ir as it travels towards the other end, where it consequently arrives in a sufficiently
concentrated condition to be discharged through a pipe in a continuous stream.
If the evaporating pan is heated by the direct application of fire the waste heat
thereof is employed for heating pipes or passages, through the interior of which the
air for effecting the evaporation is forced by a fan or other known means, and the
hot air charged with moisture may be still further utilized after leaving the appa-
ratus by causing it to pass either through a coil of pipes or a double casing of
another evaporating pan, in which the water may be partially evaporated from the
solution to be subsequently concentrated to a greater extent in the before-described
apparatus.
If the evaporating pan of this apparatus is heated by a coil of steam pipes or by
a steam jacket the before-mentioned pipes or passages for supplying the hot air will

page_text: backwards and forwards on the bottom of the evaporating pan in any suitable
known manner in order to prevent deposit of the concentrated solution.
D
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 shews a longitudinal section of one arrangement of my improved evapo-
rating apparatus, and Fig. 2 shews a transverse section on line X, X, Fig. 1. A is
the pan into which the saccharine or other solution to be evaporated is introduced
at one end, while the concentrated liquor is withdrawn at the other end; B, B, B, are
transverse revolving shafts, each carrying a number of metal discs C, C, arranged
closely side by side, which dip into the solution in the pan, and in revolving carry
thin films thereof up into the enclosed space D above the pan. Through this space
heated currents of air are made to pass in the direction of tho arrows, so that the
hot air in passing between the discs is brought into intimato contact with the thin
films of the solution thereon, and thus effectually evaporates the water therefrom,
while the discs in rovolving continually bring fresh particles of the solution under
the action of the hot blast, which after it has passed in contact with all the discs.
eventually escapes through an opening in the casing D at D'. A fire is provided at
E, which serves, firstly, to heat the bottom of the pan A placed over the flue E¹,
after which the hot gases. are made to pass through a chamber F traversed by a
number of metal pipes G, through which the air required for the evaporating
process is forced by a fan H; the hot air passes from the pipes into a box FL,
whence it enters the casing D, as shewn by the arrows. The products of combustion
escape from the chamber F up the chimney I. The discs are rotated by means of a
pulley and belt K on one of the shafts B, the motion of which is imparted to the
other shafts by spur wheels L. If it bo desired to increase the power of evaporation
of the apparatus this might be effected by making the shafts B and discs Chollow
and introducing steam or hot air into them. Also, instead of having only one
evaporating pan a second one might be arranged above the hot air stove, as indicated
by the dotted lines at M, and the hot air after doing duty in the first apparatus
might be conducted thence through a pipe N indicated in dotted lines, passing
through the flue E¹ and box F¹, so as to be again heated before issuing into the
pan M, whence it would escape to the chimney I. The saccharine or other solution
night in this case be caused to flow from the pan M into A in order to be there
further evaporated.
Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of another arrangement in which three such
before described evaporating pans are arranged in combination with one heating
apparatus. In this case the hot air after passing through the pipes of the stove F is
first led down through the pipe O into the pan P; thence it passes through the
pipe Q into the pan A, and from this it issues through the pipe R into the pan M,
from which it escapes to the chimney. The solution to be evaporated may in this
case be caused to flow from the pan M into A, and from this to the pan P, so that
the most concentrated solution will be subjected to the action of the hottest and
driest air. The apparatus is otherwise of the same construction as described with
reference to Figs. 1 and 2, and the parts are designated by the same letters of
reference. The hot air chamber F is shewn with, two partitions in order to insure
that the hot gases from the fire shall pass equally in contact with the whole of the
air tubes. If the apparatus is used at works where there is a considerable quantity
of unemployed waste heat from furnaces this may be advantageously employed for
heating the apparatus instead of using a special fire for this purpose.
Having thus described the nature of iny Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim generally the use
of revolving discs partly immersed in the liquid to be evaporated, as I am aware
this bas before been proposed, but I claim-
First. The use of evaporating apparatus wherein a sories of discs dipping into the
liquid to bo evaporated are caused to revolve inside a casing through which heated

page_text: currents of air are caused to pass so as to come into intimate contact with the filins
of liquid upon the discs, substantially as herein described.
Second. The arrangement of evaporating apparatus wherein a number of revolving
discs dip into the liquid to be evaporated contained in a pan heated by a fire, the
products of combustion of which pass through a hot air stove for heating air which
is brought in contact with the said discs, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Healey, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
B. HEALEY. (L.S.)