IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF KILNS FOR BURNING LIMESTONE, CHALK, CEMENT, OR FOR CALCINING ORIB, PART OF WHICH BEING APPLICABLE TO BLAST FURNACEB.
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Robinson, of Skipton, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
KILNS FOR BURNING LIMESTONE, CHALK, CEMENT, OR FOR CALCINING ORIB,
PART OF WHICH BEING APPLICABLE TO BLAST FURNACEB.
Sealed the 7th January 1870, and dated the 11th November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Robinson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th November 1869.
I, HENRY ROBINSON, of Skipton, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF KILNS FOR BURNING LIMESTONE, CHALK, CEMENT, OB FOR
CALCINING ORES, PART OF WHICH BEING APPLICABLE TO BLAST FURNACES," to be
as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists of certain improved arrange-
ments by means whereof a great saving of labour, fuel, and time is
ffected and material of a more regular or even kind is obtained than
from kilns which have hitherto been constructed.

page_text: That part of my Invention which is applicable to blast furnaces
supplies the fuel in such a manner that inferior or softer fuel may be
used, and in smaller quantities than by the ordinary way of supplying
it., The lower part of the structure is formed of one or more kilus
or cones similar to those ordinarily constructed. The upper portion
consists of one large cone placed directly over the aforesaid kilns or
cones; this cone is the receptacle for the charges of raw material.
Outside this upper cone one or more feed or fuel holes are provided so
constructed as to conduct the fuel that passes down them into the
interior at a suitable point above the lower kilns or cones..
'A like arrangement of fuel or feed holes is also applicable to blast
furnaces: By this means the fuel is brought unconsumed under a large
portion of material. I do not confine myself to supplying all the
necessary fuel through the feed or fuel holes, as a portion when necessary
may be put in at the mouth of the upper cone, neither do I confine
myself to the point at which the fuel enters the feed or fuel holes; it may
enter at any suitable level above where it is admitted into the interior.
The interior may be lined with fire-bricks or other suitable material, and
the exterior is formed either of limestone or other suitable material,
and braced together in the ordinary manner. Above the lower cones of
kilns one or more man-holes are provided, which are kept walled up,
except when repairs are required in the interior. The mouth of the
upper cone is covered by a plate or plates of cast iron or other suitable
material having a hole in the centre, which I cover, when necessary
with a lid, so that the heat may be retained or allowed to pass off through
the opening as may be required. The feed or fuel holes I also cover
when required with lids,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Robinson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 10th May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
ROBINSON, of Skipton, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her,
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-

page_text: IN THE
third
year, of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Henry Robinson, Her special licence that
I, the said Henry Robinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Henry Robinson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
CONSTRUCTION OF KILNS FOR BURNING LIMESTONE, CHALE, CEMENT, OR FOR
CALCINING ORES, PARTS OF WHICH BEING APPLICABLE TO BLAST FURNACES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Robinson, my,
executors or administrators, by, an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Robinson, do hereby,
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to
say:
The nature of my Invention consists of certain improved arrangements
by means whereof a great saving of labour, fuel, and time is effected
and material of a more regular or even kind is obtained than from kilns
which have hitherto been constructed.
By that part of my Invention which is applicable to blast furnaces
the fuel is supplied in such a manner that inferior or softer fuel may be
used, and in smaller quantities than by the ordinary way of supplying it.
The lower part of the structure is formed of one or more kilns or cones
similar to those ordinarily constructed. The upper portion consists of
one large cone placed directly over the aforesaid kilns or cones; this
cone is the receptacle for the charges of raw material. Outside 'this
upper cone one or more feed or fuel holes are provided so constructed
as to conduct the fuel that passes down them into the interior at a
suitable point above the lower kilns or cones,

page_text: A like arrangement of feed or fuel holes is also applicable to blast
furnaces. By this means the fuel is brought unconsumed under a large
portion of material. I do not confine myself to supplying all the necessary
fuel through the feed or fuel holes, as a portion when necessary may
be put in at the mouth of the upper cone, neither do I confine myself to
the point at which the fuel enters the feed or fuel holes; it may enter
at any suitable level above where it is admitted into the interior, which
may be lined with fire-bricks or other suitable material, and the exterior
is formed either of limestone or other suitable material and braced
together in the ordinary manner. Above the lower kilns or cones one
or more man-holes are provided, which are kept walled up except when
repairs are required in the interior. The mouth of the upper cone is
covered by a plate or plates of cast iron or other suitable material having
a hole in the centre, which I cover when necessary with a lid, so that
the heat may be retained or allowed to pass off through the opening as
may be required. The feed or fuel holes I also cover when required
with lids.
In order that my said Invention may be more completely understood
I annex two Sheets of Drawings.
Sheet 1 shews the application of my Invention to kilns for burning
limestone, chalk, or, cement, or for caleining ores.
Sheet 2 shews the application of my Invention to blast furnaces.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, represents in elevation an external view of a kiln
applicable to the burning of limestone, chalk, or cement, or for calcining
ores; Figs. 2 and 3 are sections of the same; Fig. 4 is a section through
C, D, on Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a plan of the top of the kiln; Fig. 6 is a
section through A, B, on Fig. 2. C is the upper cone, into which the
raw material to be calcined is admitted through inlet D which is covered
when necessary by a conical-shaped lid d made of cast iron or other
suitable material and lined with fire-bricks. The interior of the upper
cone C is also lined with fire-bricks; E, E, E, E, are feed holes for fuel,
these may be continued to the top of the kiln, as shewn by dotted red
lines in Figs. 2 and 3, or to any intermediate position, and any required
number of feed holes may be used; these feed holes are lined with fire-
bricks. The mouth of each feed or fuel hole is provided with a lid c which
can be opened and shut at pleasure. The lower part of the kiln may be
of a similar construction to those now in use, but I should prefer one
large lower cone F which forms a receptacle for the calcined material,

page_text: The man-holes f, f, are provided in case of repairs being required in
the interior. The lower part is shewn with an archway G and two
outlets H, H. The bottom part of the lower cone is divided by a mid-
feather composed of brickwork for distributing the material to the
outlets H, H. The archway G, shewn in Drawing, is sufficiently large
to admit of two carts being placed under the outlets at one time. By
having the lower part of the cone large the material becomes cold or
nearly so by the time it arrives at the bottom and ready for putting
into the carts. The outlets H, H, should be lined with cast iron. I is
a landing for fuel to supply the feed holes, this landing is provided with
a tramway, as shewn in Figs. 5 and 6, along which the fuel is carried to
the feed holes E, E, E, E, in suitable trucks. A tramway is also pro-
vided at the top of the kiln, as shewn, for conveying the charges of
raw material to the mouth of the upper cone, and also when required
to the mouth of the feed holes when they are continued to the top of
the kiln, the landing I will not be required when the feed holes are
continued to the top of the kiln. K shews an arrangement by which
the lid d may be raised in order that the material may be put into the
upper cone C. The whole may be braced together by strong wrought-
iron straps.
The material can be raised to the various landings by a
hoist of ordinary construction or other; suitable means according to the
nature of the ground.
may
Sheet 2 represents the application of part of my Invention to blast
furnaces. A, A, A, A, shew an arrangement of feed holes which be
continued to any required distance down the furnace and lined with
fire-bricks, through which the fuel may be fed into the furnace instead
of putting it in at the top or mouth as heretofore. The top of each feed
or fuel hole is provided with a lid a and covered by it when required.
The dotted red lines in Figs. 1 and 3 shew an arrangement of wall
surrounding the mouth of the furnace, by which means the feed or fuel
holes are brought outside so that the fuel may be more easily supplied,
the attendant being guarded by the aforesaid wall from the heat arising
from the mouth of the furnace. The furnace may have a landing place
and feed holes arranged similar to I on Sheet 1, but this depends on
the convenience or nature of the ground.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would remark that I
do not limit myself to the exact
details and configuration of parts I

page_text: have explained and shewn, as the same may of course be varied or
modified without in any way departing from the nature and principle
of my Invention; what I do claim and desire to secure by Letters
Patent are,
Firstly. The arrangement, construction, and application of upper cone
and feed holes combined, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth.
And, secondly. The arrangement, construction, and application of feed
holes to blast furnaces, substantially as and for purposes herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Robinson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
HENRY ROBINSON. (L.S.)