Improvements in Hydraulic Hoists or Cranes for Warehouses and other Places where Loads of very Variable Weights are Raised.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 28th Oct. 1889-Accepted. 21st Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Hoists or Cranes for Warehouses and
other Places where Loads of very Variable Weights are Raised.
We CHARLES KEIZER and CHARLES WILLIAM KEIGHLEY both of 18 Regent Road
Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its principal object the obtaining of single, double or even
triple purchase at pleasure with hydraulic hoists.
At present this is obtained by attaching the chain direct to the weight to be lifted
when single purchase is required, and suspending the weight from a pulley travelling
on the chain, the end of which latter or a continuation thereof is attached to a fixed
point, when double purchase is required.
Now, we obtain our change of purchase by causing the chain to pass over the
required number of loose pulleys to get the maximum lift required, (usually eight or
sixteen times the stroke of the ram,) and gripping the chain at different points as
required, so as to utilise the whole chain, half the chain, or a quarter or third of
the chain as required, the unutilised portion hanging or travelling freely on the
pulleys.
In carrying out our invention as applied to hoists, we prefer at present the following
arrangement --
The rain carries a crosshead or horizontal shaft having two or more loose pulleys as
the case may be on each side. At right angles to this shaft and crossing the vertical
axis of the hoist, is a second shaft or pair of shaft ends, fixed to the ram cylinder or
other stationary part, carrying two or more pulleys, (the number being equal to those
above), on each side of the cylinder.
The chain passes over one outside pulley at top and bottom respectively, then over
the remaining outside pulleys, then over the two next, the first pair and so on over the
remainder in order, and from the last to the cathead, the other end of the chain
hanging free. The loose end and the one or two chains, (as the case may be),
parallel to and adjoining it, pass through holes having embayments at side to fit the
chain, when it is pressed against them. A clutch piece is so arranged with a similar
embayment or embayments that any one of these chains can be caught and held, at
the pleasure of the attendant, within the embrace of a pair of embayments. If then,
the full purchase be required, the loose end is clutched or gripped, if a less purchase,
one of the other chains as required, (if there be two), or if one, then that other chain
is grasped.
The loose end of the chain can remain suspended, if the depth be sufficient, or
it can be caused to coil round a drum or cone by aid of guides, differential
winding, a coiled spring or other means.
Dated this 26th day of January 1889.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicants.
LO
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Hoists or Cranes for Warehouses and
other Places where Loads of very Variable Weights are Raised.
We, CHARLES KEIZER and CHARLES WILLIAM KEIGHLEY both of 18 Regent Road,
Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the
15 nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its principal object the obtaining of single, double or even

page_text: triple purchase at pleasure with hydraulic hoists. It is, however, also applicable to
other hoists of a similar kind.
At present this is obtained by attaching the chain direct to the weight to be lifted,
when single purchase is required, and suspending the weight from a pulley travelling
on the chain, the end of which latter, or a continuation thereof, is attached to a fixed
point, when double purchase is required.
Referring to the drawings:
--
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the ram of a hoist and parts connected therewith,
and showing our device attached thereto. In this figure, parts are removed.
Figure 2 is a plan of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are views drawn to a larger scale than the previous figures, and
showing our invention in detail. Figure 4 is a section. Figure 5 is a side elevation,
and Figure 6 is a plan of our improved device.
As usually constructed, the portion of the hoisting apparatus which we will
describe, consists of a cylinder A, attached to any convenient support as shown,
having a ram B which is moved therein by means of water or other pressure.
This ram B terminates in a cross head C which carries a number (six in the
drawings) of loose pulleys D mounted and. free to turn upon a spindle D'
attached thereto. A corresponding number of loose pulleys E is fixed at or near
the lower end of the cylinder A. being supported on a spindle about at right angles
to the spindle D', and upon these pulleys DE a chain F is wound in such a manner
as to pass from one to another until all are traversed. The chain is wound round the
outside pulleys first and then round those next to the outside ones and so on till the
centre ones are traversed; by this method of winding, the strains are equalized on
each side of the ram. One end of the chain F passes from the pulleys to the hoist,
suitable guide pulleys being provided if necessary, the other end, hereinafter called
the loose end of the chain, being fastened to some fixed support. If water be now
admitted under suitable pressure to the cylinder A, the ram B is forced out, and the
sets of pulleys D E, being separated from each other, cause the chain to be hauled
in, and in this way the goods or other matters may be lifted up the hoist. The
ram may sink by its own weight when the pressure in the cylinder is removed.
Considerable difficulty is sometimes experienced when very heavy weights are
required to be hoisted, and the plan of double purchase has sometimes been employed
as above described.
Now, by our invention, we obtain our change of purchase by causing the chain to
pass over the required number of loose pulleys D E to get the maximum lift required,
and gripping the chain at different points as required, so as to utilize the whole
chain, half the chain, or a quarter or third of the chain, as required, the unutilized
portion hanging or travelling freely on the pulleys.
In carrying out our invention as applied to hoists, we prefer the following
arrangement; by means of which single, double, or triple purchase may be obtained :-
Attached to the support of the cylinder A by brackets e or by any other suitable
means, is the clutch box G, through which three turns of the chain F are passed,
including the loose end. If single and double purchase only be required, two turns
only need pass through the box G and we do not limit our invention to any number
of turns.
At one side of the box G, near which the chains pass, we arrange embayments H of
a shape corresponding to the links of the chain, and on the opposite side of the chains
loose clutch blocks of a similar shape are supported on the bottom of the box G.
Screwed or otherwise fastened to the clutch blocks I is a number of rods ¿ which pass
through holes in the back of the box G, their other ends being connected to levers J,
which are pivoted in a bracket J¹. By actuating one of the levers J its corresponding
clutch block, 1, may be made to grip the chain against the embayment H opposite to
it. Each clutch block I is provided with a hole I which, when the said block is in its
gripping or forward position, registers with a hole g or recess in the top of the box G;
a pin K passed into the hole I will serve to retain the block in its forward position.

page_text: By this construction we are enabled to grip the chain at different distances from its
loose end and thus obtain, if desired, a different amount of travel of its active
end, for a constant travel of the ram, and in this way the purchase may be varied.
The loose end of the chain can remain suspended, if the depth be sufficient, or it
can be caused to coil round a drum or cone by aid of guides, differential winding, a
coiled spring, or other means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
.
1. A hydraulic or similar hoist in which single, double or other variable purchase is
obtained by gripping one or other of the turns of chain wound over the rain pulleys
and fixed pulleys, so as to vary the number of the pulleys actively engaged in hoisting,
substantially as described.
2. In hoisting apparatus such as described, a clutch box having a series of fixed
embayments and a corresponding series of recessed clutch blocks G adjacent
thereto and means such as levers J for reciprocating the said blocks, whereby
any one of the turns of the chain F passing through the said box may be
held fast or released as desired, substantially as described and for the purposes set
forth.
3. The improved apparatus for varying the purchase in hydraulic or similar hoists,
constructed and arranged substantially as described.
Dated this 26th day of October 1990.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Liverpool, Manchester and London, Patent Agents.