IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPING ENGINES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hart, James Lyons Sampson, and Cemer Thomas
Colebrook, Engineers, of the North London Iron Works, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
PUMPING ENGINES."
Sealed the 17th December 1878, and dated the 25th June 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hart, James Lyons
Sampson, and Cemer Thomas Colebrook at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 25th June 1878.
JAMES HART, JAMES LYONS SAMPSON, and CEMER THOMAS COLEBROOK, Engineers,
of the North London Iron Works, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPING ENGINES."
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of pumping
engines worked by steam or other fluid under pressure, has especial reference to
that class of pumping engines which are constructed with a crank shaft and fly
wheel, by which the motion of the parts is regulated; and the principal objects of
the improvements, which relate more particularly to the novel arrangement and
combination of the component parts than to any special improvements in the parts
themselves, except so far as such improved arrangement or combination may
necessitate, are, to render the engines much more compact, handy, and less compli-
cated in the arrangement of the parts thereof than heretofore; to enclose and
protect all the working parts so far as is possible, and to provide ease of access to
any part of the interior, and to all the working parts, allowing of their complete
removal without necessitating the detachment of the supply and delivery pipes.
In carrying our Invention into effect, we make the air vessel (which inay be
cylindrical or of any other desired form) and the pump barrel in one or more parts,
in such a manner that the pump barrel (which we make with an open top) is
formed within and at the lower part of the air vessel, and divides it iuto suction
and delivery compartments, each of which is furnished with an air space; and the
steam cylinder (which we prefer to construct of the trunk pattern, and as described

page_text: in the Specification of certain Letters Patent granted to the above-named C. T.
Colebrook, on the 17th day of April, 1875, No. 1414) we place at the opposite end
or top of the air vessel, bolting the same thereto, as we should also proceed to
connect the air vessel and pump barrel should we make them in detachable parts;
but we prefer to make in one piece and to bolt the engine or steam cylinder thereto.
With this improved arrangement the pump barrel, air vessel, and steam cylinder
are in line and in continuous connection, and they are therefore in as compact a
space as it is possible to get them, and this is a very material advantage as regards
strength and economy of space.
As above referred to, we prefer to construct the steam cylinder and actuate the
piston therein, according to the methods described in the Specification of the above
referred to Letters Patent; but we can apply an ordinary steam cylinder at the
same location, and actuate the piston according to the usual method, in either case
we can work the steam expansively or not by adapting the proper description of
valve and its adjunctive gear to the steam cylinder.
The piston rod passes direct from the steam cylinder into the air vessel, and it
works through a comparatively deep guide, and is packed either with rings, or may
pass through suitable packing (which may be compressed from time to time by
plugs actuated froin the outside), arranged within the said guide for the purpose of
preventing any leakage or escape of air or water from the air vessel to the steami
cylinder, or the same purpose may be effected by the use of an ordinary gland or
glands.
Within the air vessel the piston rod is formed with an enlarged part (constituting
what is generally known as the "French link" or "slotted cross head"), by means
of which a reciprocating motion is given to a block which slides therein, and a
rotary motion to the crank shaft and fly wheel, in a manner well, under, the
crank shaft passing through the side of the air vessel, and being packed with a
suitable gland and stuffing box, and being, if desired, supported at its overhanging
end adjacent to the fly wheel by a bracket, to prevent any undue wear at any
part, and fitted with a fast or loose eccentric which, by a connecting rod, actuates
the valve of the steam cylinder.
To the lower end of the piston rod is attached the pump bucket, which may be
fitted with rings or leathers; and works within the pump barrel, the lower end of
which is fitted with a suitable valve, which may be carried by and be removable
with the under cover, and covering the inlet ports from the suction compartment to
the pump barrel, the water passing thence through the ports of the pump bucket in
the usual action of the apparatus to the delivery compartment, and being by the
compression of the air within the air vessel and the reciprocation of the piston rod
forced continuously therefrom, the suction acting only at each upward stroke of the
piston.
For working as a single acting pump, we dispense with the pump bucket and the
pump barrel, the lower part of the air cylinder then acting as the pump barrel, and
a suitable valve controlling the suction being substituted for the pump bucket, and
the piston rod acting as a plunger. It will thus be seen from the above description
that the arrangement and combination of the various parts are as compact as can
be attained, and that all the working parts, so far as is possible, are enclosed and
protected, and that great facility is obtained to get at and repair if necessary any
parts, all complication being avoided, and it only being necessary to remove four
joints to get at and be able to remove for inspection or repair all the working
parts of the engine and pump, but the separate parts can be got at much moro
easily.
The above-described pumping apparatus may be worked by the agency of steam,
or of compressed air, or of other fluid under pressure.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Hart, James Lyons Sampson, and Cemer Thomas Colebrook in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th December 1878.
"
JAMES HART, JAMES LYONS SAMPSON, and CEMER THOMAS COLEBROOK, Engineers,
of the North London Iron Works, in the County of Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PUMPING ENGINES.”
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of pumping
engines worked by steam or other fluid under pressure, has especial reference to
that class of pumping engines which are constructed with a crank shaft and fly
wheel, by which the motion of the parts is regulated; and the principal objects
of the improvements, which relate more particularly to the novel arrangement and
combination of the component parts than to any special improvements in the parts
themselves, except so far as such improved arrangement or combination" may
necessitato, are, to render the engines much more compact, handy, and less compli
cated in the arrangement of the parts thereof than heretofore; to enclose and
protect all the working parts so far as is possible, and to provide greater ease of
access to any part of the interior and to all the working parts, allowing of their
complete removal without necessitating the detachment of the supply and delivery
pipes.
Such being the nature and objects of our said Invention, we will now proceed to
describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed
or carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be distinctly under-
stood, we have annexed hereunto three Sheets of Drawings illustrativo thereof, and
have marked the same with figures of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof, that is to say ;-
In carrying our Invention into practice we make the air vessel 1 and the pump
barrel 2 in one or more parts, and in such a manner that the latter is formed at the
lower part of and within the former, and divides it into suction and delivery com-
partments 3, 4, and the engine or steam cylinder 5 we place at the opposite end or
top of the air vessel 1, bolting the same thereto, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, as wė
also connect the air vessel and pump barrel should we make them in detachable
parts, as shewn in Figures 3 and 4; but we prefer to make them in one piece, as
shown in Figures 1 and 2, and to bolt the engine or steam cylinder thereto. With
this improved arrangement the pump barrel, air vessel, and steam cylinder are in
line and in continuous connection, and they are therefore in as compact a space as
it is possible to get them, this being a very material advantage as regards strength
and economy of space.
1
The air vessel may be cylindrical or of any other desired form; the pump barrel
we make with an open top, the suction and delivery compartments are each.
furnished with an air space, and the steam cylinder we prefer to construct of the.
trunk pattern, and actuate the piston 6 therein, according to the methods described.
in the Specification of certain Letters Patent granted to the above-named Cemer
Thomas Colebrook on the 17th day of April, A.D. 1875, No. 1414, and as illustrated in
Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying Drawings, to which reference will be herein-after
made; but we can apply an ordinary steam cylinder at the same location, and
actuate the piston therein according to the usual method, as illustrated in Figures 1
to 5, to the last of which further reference will also be herein-after made; in either
case we can work the steam expansively or not, by adapting the proper description
of valve 7 and its adjunctive gear S to the steam cylinder.
The piston rod 9 passes direct from the steam cylinder into the air vessel,
working through a comparatively deep guide 10, and it is either packed with rings
11, as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 7, and 8, or it may pass through suitable packing
12 arranged within the guide 10, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, and which may
be compressed from time to time by plugs 13 actuated from the outside, for the

page_text: purpose of preventing any leakage or escape of air or water from the air vessel to
the steam cylinder. Or the same purpose may be effected by the use of ordinary
glands 14, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6.
Within the air vessel the piston rod is formed with an enlarged part 15 (consti-
tuting what is generally known as the "French link" or "slotted cross head"), by
means of which a reciprocating motion is given to a block 16 which slides therein,
and by means of a crank pin 17 and crank 18 a rotary motion is imparted to the
crank shaft 19 and fly wheel 20'in a manner well understood, the crank shaft
passing through the side of the air vessel, and being packed with a suitable gland
and stuffing box 33, and being, if desired, supported at its overhanging end adjacent
to the fly wheel by a bracket 21, to prevent any undue wear at any part, and fitted
with a fast or loose excentric 22 which, by a connecting rod 23, actuates the valve 7
of the steam cylinder.
To the lower end of the piston rod is attached the pump bucket 24, which may
be fitted with rings 25, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, or with leathers 26, as shown
in Figure 4, and which works within the pump barrel, the lower end of which is
fitted with a suitable valve 27, which may be carried by and removable with the
under cover 28, and covering the inlet ports 29 from the suction compartment 3 to
the pump barrel 2, the water passing thence through the ports 30 of the pump
bucket in the usual action of the apparatus to the delivery compartment 4, and
being by the compression of the air within the air vessel and the reciprocation of
the piston rod (the upper part of which is or may be formed of a larger area than
the lower part) forced continuously therefrom, the suction acting only at each
upward stroke of the piston, and the delivery at each up-and-down stroke thereof,
as well understood by those conversant with machinery of this class.
For working as a single-acting pump, as illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, we
disponse with the pump bucket and the pump barrel, the lower part of the air
cylinder then acting as the pump barrel, and suitable valves 31, 32, controlling the
suction and delivery being substituted for the pump bucket, and the piston rod
acting as a plunger. It will thus be seen from the above description that the
arrangement and combination of the various parts are very compact, and that all
the working parts so far as is possible are enclosed and protected, and that great
facility is obtained to get at and repair and renew if necessary any parts, all com-
plication being avoided.
The above-described pumping apparatus can be worked by the agency of steam,
or of compressed air, or of other fluid under pressure.
Having now described the nature and objects of our said Invention, together
with the manner in which the same is to be or inay be performed or carried into
practical effect, we would remark in conclusion that we claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, the above-
described novel, useful, and economical improvements in the arrangement and
combination of the component parts of pumping engines or apparatus, substantially
as and for the purposes herein-before specified or set forth, and as illustrated on the
accompanying Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Cemer Thomas Colebrook, on behalf of the
said James Hart, James Lyons Sampson, and myself, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.