An Improved Die or Mouthpiece for Machines used for Working Plastic Material.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 11th Feb., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Die or Mouthpiece for Machines used for Working
Plastic Material.
WILLIAM HEXTER and WILLIAM HUMPHERSON (trading as Hexter,
Humpherson & Co.) of the Potteries and Brick Works, Newton Abbot, in the
County of Devon do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in dies or mouthpieces for all kinds of
machines which may be used for the manufacture of articles or the preparation of
materials in a plastic state and more particularly for clay.
It has for its object the construction of a die or mouthpiece which shall allow
the material treated to pass through more freely and with less friction, at the same
time giving a better finish to the surface of the material. And as a consequence of
the greater ease with which the material passes through the die and the lessening
of the friction, the power necessary for working the machine is greatly reduced.
It can be applied to brick-making machines, pipe-making machines, pug mills,
mixing machines, presses and any machine which is used to work up plastic
material or pass it through a die or mouthpiece of any kind. Also to the walls or
sides or table of any machine or machinery over which, or in contact with which,
plastic material passes.
It consists of a die or mouthpiece made to suit the requirements of the user and
fitted with a jacketed chamber or chambers through which a heating substance is
allowed to pass. This heating substance may be either steam or hot water or any
other suitable medium. Supposing steam to be the medium chosen it is introduced
into the hollow chamber of the die by means of a small tube, it is allowed to
circulate freely around the die and is then drawn off through another tube so
placed that the steam cannot escape until it has passed round the die and fairly
heated it.
:
Through one or more sides of the die is carried a tube which terminates on the
inside of the die but has no communication with the jacketed chamber, this tube
being supplied with hot water, steam, or other heated substance direct. The
purpose of this tube is to lubricate with hot water, steam, or other warm substance
the inner surface of the die and the stream of plastic material passing through it.
The better to effect this purpose a small channel is cut round the inside of the die
into which channel delivery from the tube is made.
In addition to these tubes for direct lubrication perforations may be made
through the sides of the die into the hollow chamber so that the medium which
is used to heat the die as aforesaid may also be used to lubricate the stream of
material passing through it.
As the material to be treated may be of many kinds and will therefore require
more or less lubrication according to the character of the material so treated,
the amount of such lubrication may be determined by regulating valves which are
placed in the inlet and outlet tubes used to convey the heating substance to and
from the die.
In order that our invention may be more fully understood we now proceed to
particularly describe the same and for that purpose refer to the several figures of
the annexed drawings in which we show the application of our invention to the
mouthpiece of an ordinary brick-making machine and also to the die of a pipe-
making machine. The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in
all the figures

page_text: Figure 1. is the plan of the mouthpiece as prepared for a brick-making
.machine.
Figure 2. is a vertical section of same taken on the line e-f..
Figure 3. is a vertical section taken on the line g―h.
Figure 4. is a sectional plan of the mouthpiece.
Figure 5. shews the die of a pipe-making machine with the application of this
invention thereto.
B is the jacketed chamber through which the heating substance is allowed to
circulate, C is the inlet tube to convey the heating substance to the chamber,
after passing through which it is carried off by the tube D.
A is the tube which conveys the hot water, steam, or other heated substance
to the channels J for direct lubrication; and K. K. are perforations made through
the sides of the mouthpiece into the jacketed chamber B for the purpose of
lubrication by means of the heated substance that circulates through the said
.chamber.
In the die for pipe-making machine (shewn in Figure 5) L is the outer die or
shell, M is the bell core forming the inner die, and N is the cross bar which
supports the bell core M.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
:
First The construction of a die or mouthpiece which can be heated by means
of a heated substance passed through a chamber as hereinbefore described.
Secondly: In connection with the heated die the direct application of a heated
substance for the purposes of lubrication.
Thirdly The application for the purposes of lubrication, of the warm substance
used to heat the die.
Dated this 25th day of November 1800