IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PAPER MAKING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Craig, of New Battle Mills, Dalkeith, in
the County of Mid Lothian, Scotland, Paper Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PAPER
MAKING."
Sealed the 11th January 1870, and dated the 13th July 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Craig at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th July 1869.
I, ROBERT CRAIG, of New Battle Mills, Dalkeith, in the County of
Mid Lothian, Scotland, Paper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS POR
PAPER MAKING," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the application of machinery or driving
gear in manner herein-after described for driving the press rolls of
paper-making machines, especially as applied to my Patent composite
rubber press roll for paper-making machines, for which Letters Patent
under the Great Seal were granted to me, of date the 16th day of
January 1869.

page_text: By the present system of working the under or smaller press roll is
made to drive the upper and heavier, press roll. By this mode of
working, in combination with the severe resistance of the "doctor,"
there is a heavy strain or drag upon the wet felt, whereas by converting
the upper and larger roll into the driver these disadvantages are in
a great measure obviated.
By means of my Invention the present mode of working is reversed,
the upper large roll being made to drive the under small roll.
In order to describe the means by which my Invention is accom-
plished reference is made to the accompanying Drawing.
Figure I. of the said Drawing represents a pair of press rolls for a
paper making machine in which the under and smaller press roll drives
the upper and larger press roll (being the present method of driving).
Here the under press roll is shewn as being driven direct through
shaft A and clutch B, the upper roll being driven by the under roll.
Figure II. represents a pair of press rolls of a paper-making machine
in which the upper and larger press roll drives the under and smaller
press roll. Clutch B is taken off the end of under press roll, and pinion
or wheel C with-a-clutch cast on it is put on the end of under press
roll (Figure II.), so as to move loosely and without having any power
to drive or impart motion to the said under and smaller press roll.
Wheel D is keyed fast on the end of the upper and larger press roll
and geared into pinion 'below. When the sliding half of clutch B
is put in gear the power of motion is passed through pinion C to
wheel D, whereby the upper and larger press roll is made to revolve,
and so revolving is made the driver of the under press roll.
The method of driving above described is especially advantageous and
beneficial as regards my Patent press roll before-mentioned, as the
rubber is relieved from the severe strain and thereby rendered more
durable.
Having thus described my said Invention, and the manner of using
and applying the same, I have to state that I do not confine myself
to the precise details above-mentioned; but I claim, the application
of the machinery herein-before described as and for the purposes
described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Craig in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th January 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL. COME,. I, ROBERT
CRAIG, of New Battle Mills,, Dalkeith, in the County of. Mid Lothian,.
Scotland, Paper Manufacturer; send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give-
and grant unto me, the said Robert Craig, Her special licence that I,
the said Robert Craig, my executors, administrators,, and assigns,, or.
such others as I, the said Robert Craig, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with,.and no others, from time
to time. and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR PAPER MAKING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Robert Craig, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
•
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Craig, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is. to.
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (reference being had to the Drawings. here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon), that is.
to say :-
My Invention consists in the application of machinery or driving gear
in manner hercin-after described for driving the press rolls of paper-
making machines, especially as applied to my Patent composite rubber
press roll for paper-making machines, for which Letters Patent under

page_text: the Great Seal were granted to me, of date the Sixteenth day of
January One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
By the present system of working the under or smaller press roll is
made to drive the upper and heavier press roll. By this mode of
working, in combination with the severe resistance of the "doctor,"
there is a heavy strain or drag upon the wet felt, whereas by converting
the upper and larger roll into the driver these disadvantages are in a
great measure obviated.
By means of my Invention the present mode of working is reversed,
the upper large roll being made to drive the under small roll.
In order to describe the means by which my Invention is accom-
plished reference is made to the accompanying Drawing.
Figuro I. of the said Drawing represents a pair of press rolls for
a paper-making machine in which the under and smaller press roll
drives the upper and larger press roll (being the present method of
driving). Here the under press roll is shewn as being driven direct
through shaft A and clutch B, the upper roll being driven by the under
roll.
Figure II. represents a pair of press rolls of a paper-making machine
in which the upper and larger press roll drives the under and smaller
press roll. Clutch B is taken off the end of under press roll, and pinion
or wheel C with a clutch cast in it is put on the end of under press
roll (Fig. II.), so as to move loosely and without having any power
to drive or impart motion to the said under and smaller press roll..
Wheel D is keyed fast on the end of the upper and larger press roll
and geared into pinion C below. When the sliding half of clutch B
is put in gear the power of motion is passed through pinion C to
wheel D, whereby the upper and larger press roll is made to revolve,
and so revolving is made the driver of the under press. roll.
The method of driving above described is especially advantageous
and beneficial as regards my Patent press roll before mentioned, as the
rubber is relieved from the severe strain and thereby rendered. more.
durable.
Having thus described my said Invention, and the manner of using
and applying the same, I have to state that I do not confine myself
to the precise details above mentioned; but I claim, the application

page_text: of the machinery herein-before described, as and for the purposes
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Craig, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
ROB: CRAIG. (L.S.)