IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Allibon, of the City of Worcester,
Engineer, and Alexandre Manbré, of 81, Baker Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Sugar Refiner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM BOILERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Allibon and
Alexandre Manbré at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd January 1868.
We, GEORGE ALLIBON, of the City of Worcester, Engineer, and
ALEXANDRE MANBÉ, of 81, Baker Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Sugar Refiner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
We
This Invention has for its object improvements in steam boilers.
make the fire-box of a cylindrical or somewhat conical form with a
water space around it. This fire-box is set in an upright position, the
fire-bars are at its lower end, and it is open at the top; the outer skin
of the boiler is also cylindrical and set in a vertical position. It is closed

page_text: at the top by preference by a dome and with a man-hole in it at the top;
within this cylindrical skin an inner cylinder is fixed concentric with
the skin and fixed to it all round at a short distance from its lower end;
this inner cylinder is closed at the top by a dome or end just below
the water level of the boiler, the two parts of the boiler, the fire-box
and the body of the boiler being thus separately constructed, the latter
is placed over the former and the water space of the fire-box is con-
nected all round by a series of vertical tubes with the inner dome, and
so with the main water space of the body of the boiler, and at the
bottom the fire-box and body are connected together by rivetting or
bolting each to a flanged ring. The fire is fed by a passage cut through
the sides of the four concentric cylinders or rings of the boiler, and a
fire-door is fitted to this passage; the draught from the fire passes up
to the top of the fire-box; then turns round, and passing between
the water tubes descends between the outside of the fire-box and
the interior of the body of the boiler until it arrives at the bottom of
the outer water space, when it escapes to the chimney by an opening
formed in the side of the skin cylinder close to its lower end. The
chimney or flue may be formed on the outside of the boiler, rising up
the sides. At the centre of the inner dome of the body of the boiler we
usually form a cylinder opening, and into it we insert a deep cylindrical
pocket closed at the lower end and forming part of the main water
space. It extends down within the fire-box, and the heating surface
is thus considerably increased.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Allibon and Alexandre Manbré in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
ALLIBON, of the City of Worcester, Engineer, and ALEXANDRE MANBRÉ,
of 81, Baker Street, in the County of Middlesex, Sugar Refiner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,

page_text: give and grant unto us, the said George Allibon and Alexandre Manbré,
Her special licence that we, the said George Allibon and Alexander
Manbré, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said George Allibon and Alexandre Manbré, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said George Allibon and Alexandre Manbré, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or'
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Manbré, on behalf of
myself and the said George Allibon, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, that is to say :-
Our said Invention of improvements in steam boilers has for its
object more especially the ensuring of the thorough circulation of
water in marine and other steam boilers, and the rapid boiling off of
the steam from the several water spaces of boilers constructed according
to our Invention, combined with the thorough utilization of the products
of combustion and simplicity in the construction of the several parts
of such boilers.
In carrying out our said Invention we construct separately as two
distinct parts the body of the boiler and the fire-box. We make the
fire-box of a cylindrical or it may be of a somewhat conical form, with
a water space around it; the fire-box is placed in an upright position,
the fire-bars being at its lower end, and it is open at the top. The outer
skin or external shell of the boiler is by preference cylindrical, and is
placed in a vertical position; we prefer to close the top of the said
outer skin or external shell of the boiler with a dome end, or,
may
it

page_text: be merely slightly curved, or arched, or be quite flat. Within the said
external cylindrical skin an inner cylinder is fixed concentric with
the external skin or shell, and fixed to the latter all round at a short
distance from its lower end. This inner cylinder is closed at the top
by a domed or arched end just below the water level of the boiler,
and is also securely stayed to the dome or top of the external skin or
shell. The two main parts of the boiler, namely, the fire-box and the
body, being thus separately constructed, the latter is placed over the
former, and the water space of the fire-box is connected all round at
the top thereof by a series of vertical tubes with the domed top of the
inner cylinder, and so with the main water space of the body of the
boiler; and at the bottom the fire-box and body are connected together
by rivetting or bolting each to a flanged ring. At the centre of the
inner dome of the body of the boiler we usually form a circular opening,
and into it we insert or suspend a deep conically shaped vessel,
receiver, or pocket, having by preference a semicircular end or bottom,
and extending down within the fire-box; the heating surface is thus con-
siderably increased, and the said vessel or receiver will form the central
water space, being connected to the annular water space surrounding
the fire-box by a series of laterally disposed connecting tubes; it may
also be securely stayed to the dome or top of the external skin or shell
of the boiler. The fire is fed by a passage cut through the sides of
the four concentric cylinders or rings of the boiler, and a fire-door is
fitted to the passage. The draught from the fire passes up to the top
of the fire-box, then turns round, and passing between the water tubes
descends between the outer side of the fire-box and the inner cylinder
or body part of the boiler until it arrives at the bottom water space,
when it is led into a flue surrounding the lower part of the boiler.
The chimney may be formed rising up the outside, and thus the boiler
(which we prefer to be coated or covered with suitable non-conducting
composition) is adapted for use as an independent boiler requiring no
brickwork or other setting; when preferred, however, the flue might
be led away laterally to a main flue or to a chimney stalk. The feed
water may be pumped into the boiler by a circulating pump, and the
annular fluc surrounding the lower part of the boiler be provided with
a water space or jacket and utilized as a feed water heater (Figures 1
to 4) auxiliary or supplementary to the main water spaces of the
boiler to and from which it may be connected and disconnected at
pleasure.

page_text: Figures 1 to 4 on the accompanying Drawings illustrate one modifi-
cation of our said Invention adapted for use as a land boiler, Figure 1
being a vertical section taken through the centre of the boiler; Figure 2,
a horizontal section taken on the line A, B, Figure 1; Figure 3, a
horizontal section on the line C, D, Figure 1; and Figure 4 is a vertical
clevation of the boiler looking towards the fire-door front. Figures 5
to 11 illustrate modifications of boilers according to our said Invention
adapted for use as marine boilers; Figures 9, 10, and 11 on Sheet 3
shewing one arrangement or disposition of the boilers in position as
fitted on board ship, four of such boilers being so shewn.
In the several Figures (Figures 1 to 8 inclusive) a as the fire-box;
b, the water space surrounding same; c, the inner and d the outer skin
or shell of the boiler; e, the series of vertical tubes connecting the
fire-box water space with that of the inner cylinder c; f, the conical-
shaped pocket or receiver forming the central water space; g, the
series of lateral tubes connecting the central water space f with the
fire-box water space; h, the fire-door opening; i, the flue; k, the
chimney; , feed water heater which when employed will be provided
with a stop and back valve to relieve the pressure from the belts or
water spaces when the pump is not working; a relief also being pro-
vided to prevent any excess of pressure. The manner in which wc
prefer to fix the tubes e and g into the plates of the fire-box and the
body of the boiler is shewn on an enlarged scale at Figure 12; the tubes
are screwed into the boiler plates, they being tapered or formed slightly
conical, as shewn, and the holes in the plates being tapped with a
corresponding tap made for the purpose; the outer or widest ends
of the tubes are also caulked over on to the boiler plate as shown. The
inner cylinder, or it and the other concentric rings of our boilers, may
be made of steel and the central water space, pocket, or receiver be
formed of copper; or the boiler might be wholly formed of copper.
Referring to the modification of our boilers shewn at Figures 1 to 4
though no brickwork or other setting is shewn, and the same is not
required, the boiler being merely placed upon the proper foundation,
yet still when preferred, or to suit any particular application, boilers
according to our Invention may be set in brickwork much in the same
way as other vertical boilers. Although the several arrangements of
boilers according to our Invention have been herein-before referred to

page_text: and described as adapted only for the generation of steam, yet still
it will be apparent to any engineer or practical man that boilers or
vessels constructed as herein-before described may also be used with
advantage for the purpose of rapidly generating hot water for manu-
facturing, sanitary, or other purposes. From the herein-before described
system of construction of steam boilers which we adopt, the several
parts thereof may be sent out separately in a convenient form for
transit so as to allow of their ready erection in situ.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention and the manner
in which the same is or may be carried into effect, we may observe
in conclusion that we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise
details, modifications, or arrangements which we have had occasion
to describe, delineate, or refer to, as many variations of and from these
may be made without departing from the main or essential features
of our said Invention; neither do we claim to have invented the form
and constructions of many of the parts or their modes of attachment
which we have had occasion to describe and refer to by themselves
specially, as we are aware that some of such parts have previously been
used in other arrangements of steam boilers, except in so far as these
have essential reference to or form parts of our said Invention; but
what we consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the
Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is, the constructing boilers substantially as herein described with
the fire-box and the body of the boiler in two separate and distinct parts.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Manbré, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of July in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
ALEXANDRE MANBRÉ. (L.S.)