IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS AND SHEEPFOLDS
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
COLEMAN, of Colchester, in the County of Essex, Ironfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-second day of May, in the eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Coleman, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Richard Coleman, my
exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard Coleman,
my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within.
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS AND SHEEPFOLDS;" in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, that I, the said Richard Coleman,
should cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and
in. what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: and owing to each longitudinal bar a having its wheel and lever part of the
harrow may be varied from other parts, and the barrow will perform finer work
when contracted than when expanded.
I will now proceed to describe another part of iny Invention. Figure 3
shews a side view, and Figure 4 a plan, of another arrangement of harrow so
arranged that the inclination of the tines or teeth may be varied from time to
time, and the teeth may be changed according to the nature of the work to be
performed.
This harrow is mounted on three wheels, and the depth to which the teeth
or tines penetrate may be varied, and set to the depth desired. i, i, is the
main frame of the harrow, which carries the tines or teeth j,j; these tines
are each on an an axis or pin k, which are passed through the teeth or tines,
and through the projections i' on the frame i, hence the points of the teeth
and the stems thereof may be varied in their inclination, as hereafter
explained.
The frame is carried in front by means of the socket, which slides
on the upright bar I, at the lower end of which is the fore wheel, and the
position of the fore part of the frame i is regulated by means of the chain m,
which at its lower end is affixed to the socket at the fore part the frame i,
and the upper end of the chain is attached to the cranked lever ", which
has its axis or fulcrum at o, on the upright bar 1, and the upright bar /
is capable of moving round in the upper part 1, which carries the axis of
the crank lever, as is shewn. p is a connecting rod, which at one end is
attached by a pin joint to the crauked lever 1, and at the other end the con-
necting rod is attached to the bar q, by the tie bar passing through the end
of the connecting rod, so as to allow the connecting rod to move thereon.
The tie bar q combines the two levers r, r, together, and the upper ends of the
two levers are bent towards each other, and combined together, as is shewn,
thus producing a framed lever r, the nature of which is clearly shown in the
Drawing; and the object of this lever is to raise and lower the frame i,
according as it is for the time being desired that the points of the teeth or
tines should be off the land or road, or more or less into the land, and this
is effected by the side wheels s, s, moving on axes or necks affixed to the lower
end of the levers r, and the levers ? move on necks or axes at r, affixed to the
frame i, i.
Figure 3 shows the frane i, i, in its two extreme positions, the tines or teeth
being to their greatest depth in the land; and the red lines show the teeth or
țines raised to the highest position, and the parts of the harrow are retained

page_text: in these positions, or at any intermediate state by means of the bar t, as is
shewn. The upper ends of the stems of the tines or teeth pass through holes
in the frame v, and according as this frame is fixed more or less forward or
backward so will be the inclination of the stems of the tines or teeth, and the
shape of teeth or tines used may be according to the Drawing, or other
forms of teeth may be used. The frame v is carried by the frame i, and the
position of the frame v is adjusted and fixed by means of the screws u, u,
which pass through projections i, i, formed or fixed on the frame i. And it is
the mode of varying the inclination of the stems of the tines or teeth which
constitutes the peculiar character of this part of my Invention. The harrow
is drawn from the upright bar l, as is indicated by the Drawing.
I will now proceed to describe that part of my Invention which relates to
the connecting or joining of hurdles, so that they will not require to have any
feet or points driven into the land, by which sheepfolds will be more readily
formed and removed from place to place.
Figure 5 shows a plan of several hurdles placed at angles to each other, so
as to stand without feet entering the earth; Figure 6 shows part of a front
view, full size; and Figure 7 shews the connecting parts, also on a full size
scale. wis a socket, fixed to one hurdle; and x is the other part of the
coupling. When the part is introduced into the socket w, and a pin put
through the hole in the socket, the parts will be retained together, yet allow
of the hurdles standing at an angle; and they are also capable of being placed
on land with undulations in consequence of the lower parts of the sides of the
hurdles being allowed to be more or less near together.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I
am acquainted with for performing the same, I would have it understood that
I do not confine myself to the details shown, provided the peculiar character
of either part of my Invention be retained; but what I claim is,―
First, the mode of combining parts into an expanding and contracting
harrow, as herein described; and I also claim the mode of constructing
harrows whereby the angle at which the teeth or tines work may be varied.
And, secondly, I claim the mode of coupling hurdles as herein.described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Coleman, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
RICHARD (L.s.) COLEMAN.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-first day of November,
in the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Richard Coleman came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.