IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR HULLING AND POLISHING COFFEE, RICE, AND OTHER BERRIES OR SEEDS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Albert Angell, of Rio Janeiro, in the Empire of
Brazil, but at present residing at 35, Essex Street, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR HULLING AND POLISHING COFFEE, RICE, AND OTHER BERRIES
OR SEEDS."
Sealed the 30th November 1869, and dated the 3rd July 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Albert Angell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd July 1869.
I, ALBERT ANGELL, of Rio Janeiro, in the Empire of Brazil, but at
present residing at 35, Essex Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR HULLING AND POLISHING COFFEE, RICE, AND
OTHER BERRIES OR SEEDS," to be as follows:-
For hulling and polishing coffee and other similar berries I employ an
endless chain of serrated plates revolving against a series of serrated

page_text: spring pads one in advance of the other. The pads are supported at one
end by hinges or pin joints, and at the other are pressed downwards
towards the endless chain by spiral or other suitable springs. The coffee
or other similar berries are forced through the trough in which the
spring pads are placed by means of the serrated endless chain, and are
thereby entirely freed from the hulls or outer coverings of the berries
which then pass into sieves where a current of air acts upon them to
blow away the bulls or outer coverings. The berries then fall into a
receiver whence they are elevated to a hopper, from which they pass to
the polishing apparatus, consisting of an endless serrated chain which
conducts them against a fixed brush, whence they fall on to a sieve or
sieves where they are freed from all chaff by means of another blast of
air, and then by means of other sieves of different sized meshes they are
separated the larger from the smaller. For hulling rice and other
similar grain or seed I dispense with the serrated spring pads, and
employ in lieu thereof a fixed steel wire brush. The endles serrated
chains are supported by means of suitable tables..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Albert Angell in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 3rd January 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALBERT
ANGELL, of Rio Janeiro, in the Empire of Brazil, but at present residing
at 35, Essex Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, hearing date the Third day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Albert Angell, Her special licence that
I, the said Albert Angell, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Albert Angell, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the

page_text: ани дуже от Man, an Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
HULLING AND POLISHING COFFEE, RICE, AND OTHER BERRIES OR SEEDS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Albert Angell, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing, under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Albert Angell, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
For hulling and polishing coffee and other similar berries I employ
an endless chain of serrated plates revolving against a series of serrated
spring pads one in advance of the other. The pads are supported at one
end by hinges or pin joints, and at the other are pressed downwards
towards the endless chain by spiral or other suitable springs. The
coffee or other similar berries are forced through the trough in which
the spring pads are placed by means of the serrated endless chain, and
are thereby entirely freed from the hulls or outer coverings of the berries,
which then pass into sieves where a current of air acts upon them to blow.
away the hulls or outer coverings. The berries then fall into a receiver
whence they are elevated to a hopper, from which they pass to the polishing
apparatus, consisting of an endless serrated chain which conducts them
against a fixed brush, whence they fall on to a sieve or sieves where they
are freed from all chaff by means of another blast of air, and then by
means of other sieves of different sized meshes they are separated the
larger from the smaller. For hulling rice and other similar grain or
seed I dispense with the serrated spring pads, and employ in lieu thereof
a fixed steel wire brush. The endless serrated chains are supported by
means of suitable tables.
And in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying
Drawings, more fully to describe the same.

page_text: Figure 1 is a side view; Figure 2 is an end view; Figure 3 is a
sectional side view through the hulling portion; and Figure 4 is a
sectional side view through the polishing portion of machinery .con-
structed according to my Invention for hulling and polishing coffee
and other berries or seeds; Figure 5 is a longitudinal section; and
Figures 6 and 7 are cross sections of some of the parts to a larger
scale.
a, a, are two axes upon which are fixed chain wheels b, b, which
support and give motion to an endless chain of serrated plates c, the
upper part of which is supported in a horizontal plane by the rails c* ;
d, d, are a series of serrated spring pads which are supported at one end
upon axes or pin joints d', d', and at the other end are provided with
pins de, de, surrounded by spiral springs &, d, which act to press the
serrated pads d, d, downwards towards the endless chain of serrated
plates c. The serrated spring pads d, d, are carried by a suitable frame e
which encloses the top of the apparatus and is capable of adjustment in
a vertical direction by means of the supporting screws f, f, and clamping
screws f*, f*, so as to regulate the distance between the serrated
pads d, d, and the serrated plates c, according to the description of
berries or seeds under operation. Motion is given to the endless chain
of serrated plates c in the direction of the arrows by means of a strap or
band from a steam engine or other suitable power acting upon the drum
or pulley a' fixed on the axis a; g is a hopper into which the coffee or
other berries or seeds are fed, and from which they pass to between the
plates cand the spring pads d, between which they are carried forward
by the endless chain of serrated plates c, by which means the hulls or
outer coverings of the coffee or other berries or seeds are removed. The
coffee or other berries or seeds and the hulls or outer coverings thence
fall on to the inclined board h, by which they are directed into the centre
of a coarse screen i which serves to break the fall of the material under
operation and to distribute it, so that in falling from such screen it shall
do so in the most favorable manner to be acted upon by a blast of air
produced by the fan j, which is directed by the boards k against the
mixed mass of coffee or other berries or seeds and hulls or outer
coverings thereof, just above the point where they fall into the well n,
by which means the hulls or outer coverings are blown away through

page_text: As the
the aperture whilst the separated coffee or other berries or seeds fall
down the inclined shoot m into the well, whence they are raised by an
elevator o which delivers them into a hopper p placed over one end of
the polishing apparatus. This apparatus consists of an endless chain of
serrated plates q and a bristle or fibre brush r. The plates q being
constructed and operated in a similar manner to the plates c.
coffee or other berries or seeds are carried forward by the endless chain q
they are polished by the bristle or fibre brush separately shewn at
Figure 7, and then fall on to a coarse screen 8 which serves to distribute
the material and break its fall on to the screen t which is the first of a
series of screens t, u, v, which are employed in order that the different
qualities may be separated from each other and be delivered by the
spouts t, u, o'. The coarse screen i and the boards k, k*, are carried by
a frame k¹ which at one end is carried by springs k² and at the other by
eccentrics, which serve to give a shaking motion to the frame k¹ and
so assist the action of the parts, and the coarse screens, and screens t, u, v,
are carried by a frame s' which is supported by springs & and eccentrics &³
in a similar manner to the frame k¹. A fan w is employed to blow away
the dust from the berries or seeds after they have been operated upon
by the brush and in their fall from the screen s to the screens t, u, v.
In order to prevent any berries or sceds from falling down over the left
hand end of the endless chains c and q I employ flexible stops or
valves as shewn. The various axes receive motion from the main shaft
or axis a by straps or bands as shewn at Figures 1 and 2, or by other
suitable means. In hulling or decorticating rice or other similar grain
or seeds I employ a similar apparatus to that shewn in the previous
Figures except that the surface of the serrated plates c is finer as shewn
at Figures 8 than that of the plates used for hulling coffee or other large
berries or seeds, and in combination with such fine serrated plates I
employ fine serrated spring pads d, d, as shewn at Figures 9, or a steel
wire brush, as shewn at Figure 10, whilst it is only necessary to employ
one set of these parts, one operation being only necessary when acting
upon rice and similar grain or seeds. In the machine for hulling coffee
or other berries or seeds, I find it advisable to employ a number of con-
paratively narrow serrated spring pads d in the width thereof, whilst in
machinery for hulling or decorticating rice or other similar grain or seeds
I prefer to make the machine comparatively narrow, and to employ only
one serrated spring pad in the width thercof.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
mode in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood
that I do not claim the various parts separately considered, but what I
do claim is, the peculiar arrangements and combinations of machinery
for hulling and polishing coffee, rice, and other berries or seeds, sub-
stantially as herein shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Albert Angell, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of October,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
ALBERT ANGELL. (L.S.)