IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR WARMING, VENTILATING, AND DISINFECTING BUILDINGS, AND HEATED BY GAS, COKE, MINERAL OILS, OR OTHER FUELS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Charles Ebdy, F.R.I.B.A., of the City
of Durham, Architect, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOVES FOR WARMING, VENTILATING, AND DISINFECTING BUILDINGS, AND
HEATED BY GAS, COKE, MINERAL OILS, OR OTHER FUELS."
Sealed the 4th June 1872, and dated the 7th December 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Charles Ebdy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 7th December 1871.
I, THOMAS CHARLES EBDY, F.R.I.B.A., of the City of Durham,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR WARMING, VENTILATING, AND DISINFECTING
BUILDINGS, AND HEATED BY GAS, COKE, MINERAL OILS, OR OTHER FUELS," to be
as follows:-

page_text: Figure 1 in the Drawings annexed shews a vertical section of my
improved stove adapted for using gas as fuel; Fig. 2 shews a section
from the line X, X. Each gas light is enclosed within a long tube or
chimney A, which consumes the offensive products of combustion.
These tubes or chimnies are also inclosed within another tube B, which is
attached to the bottom of the outer case of the stove C. The tube B
having air vents at the top to allow the air to pass into the chamber D,
which is formed by placing an inverted cylinder E having an air-tight
cover F over the tube B and chimnies, leaving an air space between
the top of the cylinder and cover of the stove. Air vents are also cut at
the bottom of the cylinder to allow the descending current to pass into
the chamber G, which is formed by the outer case of the stove. This
space formed between the outer case of stove and cylinder is filled with
a number of radiating heaters or zig-zag circular gills H, which warm the
air before making its exist at the top of the stove. The stove should be
elevated above the level of the floor so as to allow air to pass up the
chimnies and between the air spaces, thence into the down cast chamber,
and from thence into the out cast or gill chamber. Any number of
down cast or up cast chambers may be added by increasing the diameter
of the stove or decreasing the width of the chambers.
The stove may be constructed of wrought or cast iron, or other
metal, or of terra cotta, porcelain, or glass, or of a combination of metal
and glass or earthenware, and by a few trifling modifications may be
adapted for burning coke, or mineral oils, or other fuel instead of gas.
In which case the fire basket or grate is to be formed of vertical tubes,
which consume the smoke.
This stove may also be used for disinfecting purposes when the dis-
infecting fluid is placed under the stove as shewn at K on the Drawing.
This stove will also be useful for ventilating buildings an account of its
giving off no noxious gases, an objection hitherto with all gas stoves.
By my peculiar construction of stove smoke passing into the stove at the
bottom is consumed, so that nothing but pure air passes out of the top,
and the heat even from a small stove is intense and at the same time
moist.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Charles Ebdy in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th June 1872.
Office on the 7th June 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
CHARLES EBDY, F.R.I.B.A., of the City of Durham, Architect, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Charles Ebdy, Her special
licence that I, the said Thomas Charles Ebdy, my executors, dminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Charles Ebdy,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR WARMING, VENTILATING, AND DISINFECTING
BUILDINGS, AND HEATED BY GAS, COKE, MINERAL OILS, OR OTHER FUELS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Charles Ebdy,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Charles Ebdy, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
-
My Invention of improvements in stoves for warming, ventilating, and
disinfecting buildings, and heated by gas, coke, mineral oil, or other fuels,
consists of so constructing the stoves that a current of warm air is

page_text: continually circulating therein. Each light or burner is enclosed or
burns within a long tube or chimney, by which means all or nearly all
the offensive products of combustion are burned, and by the use of my
radiating heaters or gills the air within the stove is thoroughly warmed
before making its exit at the top of the stove.
And in order that my said Invention may be well understood I will
refer to the Drawings hereunto annexed.
Figure 1 represents the outward configuration or exterior of my stove.
Figure 2 represents a vertical section thereof. Figure 3 shows a section
drawn through the line X, X. Figure 4 shews the circular radiating
gills or heaters H, and Figure 5 represents the top of the stove I.
Figure 6 shows the stove as adapted for burning coal. A, A,
Figure 2 show the chimnics; B, B, show another tube enclosing the
chimnies; O is the outer casing of the stove; D, D, show chambers
which are formed by placing an inverted cylinder E, having an air-tight
cover F over the tube B; G is another chamber; H shows the radiating
gills or heaters. It will thus be seen that each light or burner is enclosed
or burns within a long tube or chimney, these tubes or chimneys being
themselves enclosed within another tube, which is attached to the bottom
of the outer case. This tube has air vents cut at the top to allow the air
to pass to the chamber D. This chamber D is formed by means of an
inverted cylinder E, which has an air-tight cover F over the tube B and
chimnies, by which means an air space is left between the top of the
cylinder and cover of the stove; air vents are also cut at the bottom of
the cylinder to allow the descending current to pass into the chamber G,
which is formed by the outer casing of the stove. The spaces thus
formed between the outer casing of the stove and the cylinder are filled
with radiating heaters or gills of the zig-zag form, the effect of which is
to still further warm the air before making its exit at the top of the
stove.
The stove should be constructed as shown on legs or supports, which
slightly raise it above the floor so that the atmospheric air may pass up
the chimnies and between the air spaces, and thence down the down cast
chamber, and from thence into the out cast or gill chamber. As the air
circulates in the stove in ascending or descending currents it becomes
well heated and is deprived of those noxious qualities which generally
accompany the use of gas or other closed stoves. The gills or zig-zag
radiating surfaces having become heated by the flame from the burners,

page_text: whether from gas or other fuel, serve to warm the air which circulates
within the chambers, and to maintain an even temperature. It is
obvious that the number of down cast or up cast chambers may be
increased by increasing the diameter of the stove or by diminishing the
width of the chambers.
The stove may be constructed of cast or wrought iron, brass, copper,
burnt clay, terra cotta, porcelain, glass, or other material, or of a com-
bination of such materials.
The stove shown in the Drawings annnexed hereunto is intended to be
heated by gas supplied by a pipe connected with the main, but other
fuel such as mineral oils, coke, and even coal may be employed.
using coal I adopt the modification shown by Figure 6.
When
My improved stove gives off no smell of sulphur or other noxious
products of combustion, and the heat even from a small stove of one or
two burners is great, and at the same time moist, while smoke is
consumed and nothing but pure air passes out at the apertures at
the top.
When it is indended that coal should be burnt in my improved stove
the following modification will be necessary, viz., the chamber should be
made larger for bolding the fuel, and the tubes for the gas burners
dispensed with. At the bottom of the stove there must be a grate
through which the ashes may fall. A fire-door is made in the side of
the stove and the top of the cylinder is enclosed and carried through the
top of the stove, with which a chimney is connected, which may be
carried through to a chimney or other vent. It will be obvious that one
gas burner or any required number of burners may be used in my
stove.
My improved stove is well adapted for disinfecting rooms and buildings,
and when so used the disinfecting fluid is to be placed underneath the
stove in a vessel, as shown at Figure 2. The fluid evaporates, is taken
up by the air which passes into the stove, and is given off together with
the heated air at the top of the stove in a gaseous form. When employed
for warming large halls or other extensive buildings the stove or stoves
may be placed either in another apartment or may be sunk beneath the
floor of the building with down cast and up cast shafts in connection
with air drains or tubes.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and how the

page_text: same is to be carried into effect, I claim as of my Invention, the peculiar
construction and arrangement of stove herein-before described and shown
by the Drawing annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Charles Ebdy, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of June One' thousand
cight hundred and seventy-two.
THOMAS CHARLES EBDY. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
said Thomas Charles Ebdy in the
presence of
THOMAS CHARLES EBDY. (L.S.)
.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
said Thomas Charles Ebdy in the
presence of
TRUEMAN H. GRAHAM,
Sol.,
1, John Street,.
-
Sunderland:
TRUEMAN H. GRAHAM,
Sol.,
1, John Street,.
Sunderland.