Improvements in and relating to Water-boilers for Domestic and other purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Water-boilers for Domestic and
other purposes.
J
GEORGE WHITTAKER, 14, Carlton Road, Burnley, Commercial Traveller, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Its objects are to obtain greater economy of fuel and labour; also increased
cleanliness, particularly in respect to boilers used for heating water for domestic
purposes.
In order to successfully accomplish the objects of this invention, I construct
the boiler in the following manner, viz. :-
The body or casing may be made of any suitable material, preferably of burnt
fireclay or earthenware, in the form of a vertical pipe or tube, and may be
round, square, hexagonal, or of any other shape.
The outer surface of this body may be enamelled or glazed to prevent dirt,
dust or other objectionable matter adhering to it, and also to enable it to be
readily cleaned and dried-mere drying with a cloth being all that is necessary―
thus conducing to greater cleanliness and more sanitary conditions generally.
The boiler, made of copper, galvanised iron, or other suitable material is fitted
inside the before-mentioned body or pipe by means of a flange round its upper
extremity, this flange resting upon the upper edge of the pipe.
Heat is applied underneath the boiler by the ordinary method: gas, coal, oil
or other fuel being used, and a suitable door for access to the burner or grate being
provided in the body of the apparatus.
In order to increase the heat-retaining properties of the pipe it may be coated
on its inner surface with a mortar composed of ganister fire clay or other refractory
material; thus confining the heat, in a great measure, to the inside of the body
or pipe.
A pipe or tube is fixed behind the body of the apparatus to carry off the exhaust
heat, smoke and fumes into a flue provided for the purpose.
A vertical tube is also attached to the cover of the boiler to convey the rising
steam into the above-mentioned flue, and in this tube, at any point between its
extremities--preferably twelve inches from its junction with the boiler-a damper
or regulator is inserted. This consists of a metal disc of the same diameter as
the bore of the tube, inside which it is hinged or pivoted. A tap, thumbscrew,
or other turning appliance fixed outside the tube operates the disc, causing it to
block or leave clear the opening at will.
By this means the emission of the steam from the boiler can be controlled,—
either retained in the boiler and tube to maintain the temperature of the water,
or allowed to escape into the before-mentioned flue if so desired.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Water-boilers for Domestic and
other purposes.
GEORGE WHITTAKER, 14, Carlton Road, Burnley, Commercial Traveller, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
-
Its objects are to obtain greater economy of fuel and labour; also increased
cleanliness and durability, particularly in respect to water-boilers for domestic
purposes.
In order to successfully accomplish the objects of this invention I construct
the apparatus in the following manner;
The body or casing is made of burnt fireclay, earthenware, terra cotta, or stone-
ware, and of any shape and size-preferably in the form of a vertical cylindrical
tube eighteen inches internal diameter and one and a half inches in thickness;-
it may be moulded, or made from an ordinary drain pipe, or perfectly plain.
One or more apertures-preferably three-semi-circular or of other shape arc
made around the bottom by cutting away portions of the tube; these openings
are equi-distant, the intact or uncut portions acting as a base or
"feet" to support
the apparatus.
The outer surface is enamelled or salt-glazed to prevent dirt, dust, or other
objectionable matter adhering to it, and also to enable it to be more readily cleaned
and dried--mere drying with a cloth being all that is necessary-and thus conduce
to greater cleanliness and more sanitary conditions generally.
The boiler, made of copper, galvanised iron, or other suitable material is fitted
into the above-mentioned body or tube by means of a flange round its upper
extremity, this flange resting upon the upper edge of the body.
Heat is applied underneath the boiler by the ordinary method: gas, coal, oil
or other fuel being used, and a suitable door for access to the burner or grate is
provided on the outside of the apparatus.
:
In order to confine the heat to the inside of the casing and render it to a large
extent non-radiating the inner surface may be coated with a mortar composed
of ganister fireclay or other refractory material.
A pipe is fixed at the back of the apparatus, to carry off the exhaust heat,
smoke, and fumes, into a suitable flue provided for the purpose. A vertical pipe
or tube is also attached to the cover of the boiler to convey the rising steam into
the before-mentioned flue, and in thus tube, at any point between its extremities-
preferably twelve inches from its junction with the boiler cover-a damper or
steam regulator is inserted. This consists of a light metal disc of the same
diameter as the bore of the tube, inside which it is hinged or pivoted.
A tap, thumbscrew, or other turning appliance fixed outside the tube operates
the disc, causing it to block or leave clear the opening at will. This damper
may also be constructed to work automatically by being pivoted a little above its
centre, so that when the water boils the steam will in passing through the outlet
tube exert sufficient pressure on the lower and larger surface of the disc to raise
the latter, thus leaving a clear passage for its egress into the fiue. The water
in the boiler will by these means be prevented automatically from running over,
and causing a nuisance when the boiling point is reached.
After the water has ceased boiling the pressure of the steam will be insufficient

page_text: to keep the disc or damper raised, in which case it will drop into a vertical position
and close the opening for the outlet of the steam.
By these means the emission of the steam may be controlled-either retained
in the boiler and tube to maintain the temperature of the water, or allowed to
escape into the before-mentioned flue, as may be desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
1. The use of burnt fireclay, earthenware, terra-cotta, or stoneware, glazed or
unglazed; cylindrical or of any other shape; plain, moulded, or in the form of
an ordinary socketted drain pipe, for the non-radiating body or casing of the
apparatus, as described.
2. The manner of constructing and suspending the automatic steam damper
in the outlet tube for the purposes described.
3. The general arrangement and combination of the parts substantially as
described.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of October 1808