THE MAKEING OF IRON WITH SEA OR PITT COALE PEATE, OR TURFFE, AS ABOVESAID, AND WITH THE SAME TO ROST, MELT, OR REFYNE ALL METTALL OF WHAT NATURE SOEVER
Year: 1638

page_text: the grace
Ireland, Defender of the Faieth, &c., to all to whome theis psente shall come,
greeting.
WHEREAS our welbeloved subicct Sir GEORGE HORSEY, Knight, DAUID
RAMSEY, ROGER FOULKE, and DUDD DUDLEY, Esquires, by their humble
petičon to vs lately exhibited, haue informed vs that there haue been divers
that haue attempted to make iron within this our Kingdome of England with
seacoales, pitcoales, peate, and turffe, but never obtayned vnto by any, saving
them, the said Sir George Horsey, Dauid Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd
Dudley, whoe haue effected it, and with bellowes, windeblast, and additamente,
and by arte to pfect the same to make iron in castworkes, and alsoe into
barres, whereof they haue made many trialle and much good iron, and are
nowe assured to make the same in greate quantitie. And whereas wee are
alsoe by the said peticon further informed that there is much coales and iron-
stone lost and destroyed in many workes of this Kingdome aforesaid by
overthrowing and overruñing the same, which are fitt for the makeing of
the said iron, and may be regained and hereafter preserved, and the said
Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley doubt
not to discover mines royall, and other mynes holding several mettalle; they
have, therefore, humbly besoughte vs to graunt vnto them our Lřes Patente of
priviledge for "THE MAKEING OF IRON WITH SEA OR PITT COALE, PEATE, OR TURFFE,
AS ABOVESAID, AND WITH THE SAME TO ROST, MELT, OR REFYNE ALL METTALL OF
WHAT NATURE SOEVER," for the terme of fowerteene yeares, with the like powers,
priviledges, and advantages as are vsuallie graunted in our Lřes Patent for

page_text: mynes royall; and that wee wilbe further graciously pleased to graunt to
them libty to digge, search, and worke the said mynde in any lande or
grownde, giveing the owners such satisfaccon as shalbe adiudged by twoe
justices of peace adioyning. In consideračon whereof, they have humbly
offerred to pay into our Exchequer after the twoe first yeares, one hundred
markes P ann.
KNOWE YEE, that wee graciously favouring and accepting the good
endeavours of our said subiecte, of our especiall grace, certeyne knowledge, and
meere močon, have given and graunted, and by theis psente for vs, our heires
and successors, doe give and graunt vnto them, the said Sir George Horsey,
David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, & Dudd. Dudley, their executors, administrators,
and assignes, full, free, & absolute licence, power, priviledg, and authority,
that the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd
Dudley, an
and every of them, their and every of their executors, administrators,
and assignes, and their and every of their deputies and substitutes, servante,
agents, and workmen, and none other pson or psons whomsoever shall and
may, from tyme to tyme and att all and every tyme and tymes hereafter
dureing the terme of yeares hereafter menčoned, att their and every of their
wille and pleasures, vse, exercise, practize, and putt in vse within our said
Kingdome of England and Domynion of Walle, according to their and every
of their ówne way and Invencon, the sole makeing of iron into any sorte of
castwork with sea or pitt coales, peate or turffe, and with the same to make the
said iron into plateworkes or barrs, and likewise to refine all sortes of mettalle,
att their and every of their wille and pleasures, for their and every of their
best pffitt and advantage.
Wherefore our will and pleasure is, and wee doe
hereby, for vs, our heires and successors, straightly charge and comaund,
phibite and forbidd all and every other pson and psons whomsoever of what
estate, degree, or condičon soever he, they, or any of them shall be, that none
of them (other the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke,
and Dudd Dudley, their executors, admynistrators, deputyes, substitutes, worke-
men, or assignes) doe, or shall, dureing the terme of yeares herein-after
menčoned, directly or indirectly vse or exercise the mãeing of iron into any sorte
of castworkes, with sea or pitt coales, peate, or turffe, or with the same to
make the said iron into platework or barrs, or to refyne any sortes of metalle
in our said kingdome or domynion, after the way & manner by them, the said
Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, or any
of them, first invented, without the speciall lycence and consent of them, the said
Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley,, their
executors, admynistrators, or assignes, first had and obteyned; to have, hold,

page_text: exercise, and enioy the said licences, priviledges, powers, and authorityes, and
other the pisses before by theis psente graunted or menconed to be graunted,
from the date of theis sente, vnto the full end and terme, and for and dureing
the full terme and tyme of fowertcene yeares from thence next ensueing, and
fully to be compleate and ended, yeilding and paying therefore. And the said
Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, for
themselves, and every of them, their, and every of their executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, and for every of them, doe hereby covenant and pmise
to and with vs, our heires and successors, by theis psente, to yeild and pay
dureing the said terme vnto vs, our heires and successors, the yearly rent of
one hundred markes, of good & lawful money of England, att the receipte of
the Exchequer of vs, our heires, and successors of this our Kingdome of
England, att the Feast of Saint Michael the Archangell, and the Añun-
ciacon of the Blessed Virgin Mary, by even and equall porcons; the first
payment thereof to beginn att the Feast of Saint Michaell the Archangell,
which shall be in the yeare of our Lord God One thowsand six hundred and
forty. And for the better accomplishment of the misses aforesaid, we doe
by theis sente give full power and authority to them, the said Sir George
Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their executors,
admynistrators, & assignes, and every of them, with the assistance of a
constable or other officer, att all convenient tyme and tymes, to search
in all place or places, house or houses in our kingdome or domynion
aforesaid, where any iust cause of suspicon shalbe, for discovery of such
as shall vse or exercise the makeing of iron into any sortes of castwork,
with sea or pitt coales, peate, or turffe, or with the same to make iron
into plateworkes or barrs, or to refyne any sorte of mettalle, contrary to our
will and pleasure herein declared, and the true intent and meaning of theis
Psente, to the end the delinquent may be discovered and receive con-
digne punishment, according to their demeritte. And we doe alsoc by
theis sente will, require, and commaund all and singuler mayors, sheriffes,
justices of peace, bayliffe, constables, headboroughes, and other officers,
ministers, and subiects of vs, our heires and successors, of our said king-
lome and domynion, whom the same shall concne, that they and every of
them be from tyme to tyme dureing the terme aforesaid, ayding, helping,
furthering, and assisting to them, the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey,
Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, and every of them, their executors,
admynistrators, deputyes, agente, workmen, and assignes, and every of them,
in all thinges in about the accomplishment of our pleasure herein declared,
and in the exercise and execučon of this our graunt; and that they nor any

page_text: of them doe in any wise hinder or interrupt them, or any of them, concerning
the same as tender our pleasure, and will avoyd the contrary att their pille,
and theis sente, or the inrollement thereof, shalbee their suflicient warrant in
that behalfe. And further knowe ye, that wee of our more especiall grace,
certeyne knowledge, meere močon, doe alsoe by theis psente, for vs, our heires
and successors, give and graunt vnto the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey,
Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their executors, administrators, and assignes,
full and free libty, licence, power, priviledge, and authority, att all tymes and
from tyme to tyme dureing the terme of yeares hereafter in theis psente
menconed, by themselves, or their or any of their deputyes, servante, or
workemen, or any of them, to digge, open, search, and worke, wash, roast, and
stampe, and melt all manner of mynes or oares of gould, silver, copper, leade
holding silver, or mixed with silver and quicksilver, or any of them, within our
said kingdome and domynion aforesaid, or any parto thereof, and for that
end and
purpose to dreyne and convey waters out of or to the said mynes, for
the better workeing and drainyng of the mynde and pitts, or washing of the
same, and to try out and convert the said oares, and copper, leade, or into
any other mettall whatsoever, and to refyne and extract the silver or gould
therein conteyned, and the said copper and leade to reduce and make into any
manufactures whatsoever, to their, and every of their most proffitt and
commodity, and to sett vpp, and erect, and repaire any howse or howses, edifices,
building, mille, and workes, for the vse and service of the said mines and
mynerall workes, as well within our owne mannors, lordshipps, lande, grounde,
and possessions, as alsoe within the grounde, lande, and possessions of every or
any of our subiecte, sett, lying, or being within our said kingdome and
domynion, or any parte thereof, soe that the said Sir George Horsey, David
Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their executors, admynistrators, or
assignes, shall not by collor hereof search or digge, open, or worke for in the
said mynes or oares aforesaid, within any our mannors, lordshipps, forrest,
chases, parkes, or any other our lande, grounds, or possessions within our
kingdome or domynion aforesaid, or the lordshipps, mannors, lande, grounde,
or any the possessions belonging to any our subiects within our said kingdome
or domynion, without the good will and consent of vs, our heires or successors,
and the good will of such of the subiects of vs, our heires and successors,
as have power to licence them soe to doe; and alsoe except and alwayes
reserved out of theis psente all royall mynes, and all other mynes whatsoever, in
any place or places wheresoever within our said kingdome or domynion, by any
the graunt or Lřes Pattente of vs, or any of our progenitors or predecessors,
King or Queenes of this our Kingdome of England, to any pson or psons

page_text: whomsoever formerly graunted, and every of them, with all the priviledges
profitt and immunytyes, to them, and every of them apperteyning and belonging,
according to the true intent and meaning of the same; to have and to hold the
said mynes of gold, and silver, copper, lead houlding silver, or mixt with silver,
quicksilver, and all other mettalle and oares holding gould or silver, as afore-
said, and all and singuler other the misses, with their and every of their
appurtenance respectively, vnto the said Sir George Horsey, David Raimsey,
Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their executors, admynistrators, and assignes,
from the date of theis Presente for and durcing and vnto the full end terme of
one and twenty yeares from thence next ensueing, and fully to compleate and
ended, yeilding and paying therefore yearely and every yeare. And the said
Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, for
themselves, their executors, admynistrators, and assignes, and for every of
them, doe covent, pmise, and graunt to and with vs, our heires and suc-
cessors, to yuild and pay yearelie and every yeare, after the twoe first yeares
of the said terme hereby graunted shall be expired, one full tenth parte of all
such silver and gould whatsoever, as shalbe had or gotten out of the said
mynes, the same beinge first refyned and reduced into their severall species att
the pper costes and chardges of the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey,
Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their executors, admynistrators, or assignes,
as aforesaid; and the same tenth parte to be yearely and every yeare after the
said first twoc yeares, soe expired as aforesaid, accompted for vpon oath thercof
to be made before one or more of the Barons of our Exchequer for the tyme
being, att Feaste of Saint Michaell the Archangell onely, or within thirty
dayes next after; and vpon such accompte, soe made and declared as afore-
said, the said tenth parte to be delivered to our vse in such manner as shall be
appointed by the Lord Treasurer or Chauncellor of the Exchequer of vs, our
heires or successors for the tyme being. And our will and pleasure is, and wee
doe hereby declare our intent and meaning to be, that the said Sir George
Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their executors,
admynistrators, and assignes, shall make, give, and allowe reasonable recom-
pence, satisfacčon, and amends to all and every the lords, owners, and
occupiers of the lande, grownd, & soile, for their damage and losse to be
susteyned in and vpon the same grounde, land, and soile, where any such shall
happen by reason or meanes of the said mynes or mynerall workes: and in
case the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsay, Roger Foulke, and Dudd
Dudley, their executors, admynistrators, and assignes, and the lords, owners,
and occupiers of the said lande, grounde, and soyle, cannot agree amonge
themselves for the said damages and losse respectively aforesaid, then our will

page_text: and pleasure is, and we doe hereby declare and appointe, that fower indifferrent
men of the same sheire or sheires in which such losse and damages shalbe
sufferred, or of the sheire or county next adioyning, att the pleasure of the said
Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their
executors, administrators, or assignes, to be elected betweene them, whereof
the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley,
their executors, admynistrators, or assignes, shall nomynate twoe, and the said
lord, owner, or occupier of the said soile shall nomynate other twoe, shall
'assesse and rate the recompence of or for the same as they in their consciences
shall adiudge to be reasonable and sufficient in that behalfe; and in case it
shall soc happen that the said fower men soe indifferenly elected, as aforesaid,
'cannot agree in the rateing and assessing of the recompence aforesaid, then
the matter shall be brought before vs, our heires or successors, and by vs
or our Privie Councell to be heard, and finally determyned betweene them.
And for the better furtherance of the same severall workes respectively, wec doe
by theis sente, for vs, our heires and successors, give and graunt vnto the said
Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their
executors, administrators and assignes, and every of them, full power, licence
and authority to take vpp and hire att reasonable wages and prises to be given
in that behalfe in any place or places within this our Realme of England, and
Domynion of Wales, all manner artificers, labourers, and workemen not att
that tyme bired or imployed in any other of our mynes royall, and all manner
of corne, and victualle, tymber, wood, vnderwood, cole, turves, peates, fewell,
horses, oxen, cartes, carriages, tooles, and instruemente, and to have convenient
wayes and free passages with ingresse, egresse, and regresse for servante,
workemen, horses, oxen, cartes, and carriages, with all necessaryes whatsoever
into, through, and from all manner of grounde, through which it shall be con-
venient and expedient for their better case, and the good and benefitt of the
said severall and respective workes as aforesaid, and shalbe fitt and convenient
to be occupied and imployed in or about the draineing all manner of groundes
through which it should be convenient and expedient for the better ease and
the good and benefitt of the said severall and respective workes, as aforesaid,
as shalbe fitt and convenyent to be occupied and imployed in and about the
draining and conveying of waters, digging, opening, washing, stamping,
roasting, and melting out the mynes and oares aforesaid, paying reasonably
for the same, and vpon any differrences for the prises thereof to be determyned
in such sorte as is in like case before in theis psente lymitted and appointed for
recompence to be given to the lorde, owners, or occupiers of the soile, as afore-
said. And our further will and pleasure is, and the said Sir George Horsey,

page_text: David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, for themselves, their
executors, admynistrators, and assignes, and for every of them, doe by theis
Presente covenant, pmise, and agree to and with vs, our heires and successors,
that they and every of them shall and will, every six monethes after the twoe
first yeares of the said terme of one-and-twenty yeares hereby graunted shalbe
expired as aforesaid, bring and deliver or cause to be brought and delivered
into the myne of vs, our heires and successors, in our Tower of London, or else
where within this our Realme of England, all the gold and silver which shall
be found in the said mynes, or any of them, they and every of them receiveing
vpon the delivery thereof such price in ready money as gold and silver of the
like finenes and goodnes is worth and shalbe then vsually given for the like.
And for the more secure and safe conveyance of the said gould and silver into
our mynt, as aforesaid, our will and pleasure is, and wee doe by theis psente
for vs, our heires and successsors, give and graunt vnto the said Sir George
Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, their executors,
admynistrators, and assignes, and every of them, full and free liberty, power,
and authority, att all tymes and from tyme to tyme dureing the said
terme hereby graunted after the first twoe yeares shalbe soc expired as
aforesaid, to sett and stamp, or cause to be sett and stamped, our armes
vpon all the gould and silver to be conveyed to our mynt as aforesaid,
thereby to distinguish it from other gould and silver, and to make knowne
that the same is especially appointed for vs and for our service. And to the
intent aswell the said tenth parte of the said gold and silver refined and
reduced into their severall species aforesaid as the said tenth parte may
from tyme to tyme hereafter be to vs, our heires and successors, duly
answered, payd, and delivered according to the true meaning of theis psente
as aforesaid, our will and pleasure is, and the said Sir George Horsey,
David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley, for themselves, their
executors, admynistrators, and assignes, and for every of them, doe covenant,
pmise, and agree to and with vs, our heires and successors, that they and
every of them in the said workes shall and will, once in every yeare, according
to the tenor and true meaning of theis psente, that is to say, att the Feast of
St Michael the Archangell yearely, or within thirty dayes next after the same
feast, render and yeild vpp a true and iust accompte, vpon oath, before one or
more of the Barons of the Exchequer, of vs, our heires and successors, for the
tyme being, according to the course of the said Court, of all such gould and
silver as shalbe then had or gotten out of the said mynes as aforesaid, and
therevpon shall and will deliver one full tenth parte thereof, refyned and
reduced into their severall species as aforesaid to our vse, in such manner as by

page_text: our Treasurer of England, or the Chauncellor and Vndertreasurer of our
Exchequer for the tyme being shalbe appointed in that behalfe: Provided
alwayes, that
the said yearely rent or some of one hundred markes to vs, our
heires and successors, before in and by theis psente reserved as aforesaid,
shall happen to be behind and vnpayed by the space of forty dayes next after
esther of the said feaste, in which the same ought to be payed as aforesaid; or,
yf the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd
Dudley, or one of them, their or any of their executors, administrators, or
assignes, shall not enroll or cause to be inrolled this our psent graunt before
the Clerke of the Pipe for the tyme being of our kingdome aforesaid within
the space of six monethes next after the date of theis psente, that then the
said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and Dudd Dudley,
their executors, admynistrators, and assignes, shall forfeite and pay vnto vs, our
heires and successors, aswell the some of twenty pounde of currant money for
every moneth in which the said rent shall happen to be behind and vnpayed
next after the said fortie dayes, as aforesaid; and alsoe the some of twenty
poundes in name of a payne for every six monethes default of the inrollement of
theis sent before the said Clerke of the Pipe as aforesaid. And, lastly, yf
att any tyme durcing the said terme of fowerteene yeares, it shall appeare vnto
ys; our heires, or successors, or vnto the Lords and others of our Privy Councell,
that this our graunt concerning the priviledge aforesaid shall be inconvenyent
or preiudicial to the commonwealth, then vpon significačon and declaracon
to be made by vs, our heires, or successors, or by the Lorde and others of our
Privy Councell, or six of them for the tyme being, in writing vnder their
hande, of such preiudice or inconvenience, theis our Letters Patente as to the
priuiledg shall forthwith cease, determine, and bee vtterly voide and of none
effecte, any thing in theis psente conteyned to the contrary thereof in any wise
notwithstanding. And, lastly, wee will and by theis sente for vs, our heires
and successors, doe graunt that theis our Lies Patents, or the inrollment
thereof, shalbe and shalbe taken, adiudged, construed, and deemed to be firme,
good, effectuall, and availeable in the lawe, to the intent and purposes aforesaid;
and that the same shalbe taken, adiudged, pleaded, and allowed most strongly
against vs, our heires and successors, and most benignely and beneficially to
and for the said Sir George Horsey, David Ramsey, Roger Foulke, and
Dudd Dudley, their executors, admynistrators, and assignes, aswell in any
of our Courte of Record as elsewhere, within this our Realme of England and
Domynion of Walle, according to the true intent and meaning of the same,
notwithstanding the not reciting, or not true or certeyne reciteing of the
sheirs, countyes, or any other place or places, in which the said mynes within

page_text: our kingdome and domynion aforesaid are to be found; and notwithstanding
the not reciteing of any pelamacon or pelamacons heretofore by vs, or our
late Royall Father published, touching or condning the misses, or any parte
thereof; and notwithstanding any graunt or graunte beretofore made by our
said late Father, or the late Queene Elizabeth, or by vs, or any matter or
thing whatsoever conteyned in the said graunt or graunte, or any of them; and
notwithstanding any statute or statute, act, ordinance, pvision, or restricčon, or
any other defect in not rightly nameing the names, kinds, quantities or
quallityes of the said pmisses, or any parte thereof, or any other incerteynty,
defect, impfeccon, or any other matter or thing whatsoever to the contrary
hereof in any wise notwithstanding. Although expresse mencon, &c.
In witnes, &c. Witnes our selfe at Westin, the Second daie of Maie.
P bře de priuato sigillo, &c.