Improvements in or relating to Machines or Apparatus for "Milling" and "Fulling" Woollen, Woven, Felted, and other Fabrics.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machines or Apparatus for "Milling"
and "Fulling" Woollen, Woven, Felted, and other Fabrics.
"
I, BENJAMIN PRESTON, of the Blakeridge Machine Works, Batley, in the
County of York, Millwright and Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :-
"
This invention relates to machinery or apparatus employed for "milling" and
"fulling" woollen, woven, felted, or other fabrics, and it is wholly or in part
applicable to machines described in the Specifications of Letters Patent granted
to me, the Sixth day of May 1885, No. 5613; and the Twenty-fourth day of
February 1891, No. 3310, as well as to "milling" or "fulling" machines of other
construction.
Its object is to render parts of such machines more durable, to adjust the stock
feet to or from their work by power as well as by hand, and to make the machines
self contained.
According to this invention the sides of the said machines, the "turn or trough,
and the stock feet are either made of, or lined with earthenware, porcelain, or the
like of any suitable thickness and may be made in one more portions and fixed
together by any suitable means.
In order to adjust the stock feet to or from their work by power, I combine
with the mechanism described in the aforesaid Specification No. 5613 of 1885
the following arrangement for actuating such mechanism by power as well as by
hand.
37
In suitable bearings on the top of the machine is mounted a shaft on which are
fixed one or more pulleys. From this shaft, motion may be transmitted by means
of a belt or its equivalent to a second shaft (provided with fast and loose pulleys)
carried in bearings at or near the "tail or rear end of the machine. On the
second shaft may be mounted a spur pinion arranged to gear with a spur wheel
fixed on the boss of one of the bevel wheels or on the shaft on which the bevel
wheel is mounted, whereby the said mechanism may be actuated either for raising
or lowering the stock feet to or from their work. By this means the stock feet
may be adjusted to their work either by power or by hand. When employed
for withdrawing the stock feet from their work suitable belt shipping motion
may be employed for throwing the belt onto the loose pulley as soon as the feet
have been raised sufficiently clear of the material.
The above described hand and power adjusting mechanism may be applied to and
combined with the stock feet and means for actuating the same described and shown
in the aforesaid Specification No. 3310 of 1891. When this is done the means for
actuating the feet will require to be made adjustable with the said feet.
In order to make the machines self-contained, that is capable of being driven
from any convenient source of power without the aid of additional counter shafts
fixed at a distance from the machine, and without being compelled to fix the
machine in a given position, I provide on the top or other part of the machine,
either a separate shaft or prolong one of the shafts that carries some of the moving
parts of the machine, instead of mounting the said pulleys on the shaft that actuates
the stock feet. On the first named shaft are mounted the driving pulley and means
for transmitting either by gearing, or belting, or gearing and belting combined, or
it or their equivalents the required motion to the mechanism for actuating the
stock feet.
My improvements further relates to the rollers employed in "fulling" the

page_text: material, and it consists in building up the said rollers in parts, that is, I take two
flanges of any suitable size and thickness. On one or both of the said flanges may
be cast or fixed a boss. Around the boss and between the said flanges are placed,
and bolted thereto, any desired number of wood segments, preferably four, made
the endway of the grain. These segments are of such a thickness as to suit the
diameter of the rollers and the flanges may or may not project beyond the periphery of
the wood laggings or centre portion of the roller. The flanges may or may not also
be lined with brass, earthenware, or its equivalent to prevent them or the rollers
wearing away at the edges. Where the flanges do not project beyond the periphery
of the rollers the sides of the spout may be made to extend to or beyond the centre
of the rollers.
Dated this Fourteenth day of March 1892.
BENJAMIN PRESTON,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machines or Apparatus for "Milling'
and "Fulling" Woollen, Woven, Felted, and other Fabrics.
"
I, BENJAMIN PRESTON, of the Blakeridge Machine Works, Batley, in the
County of York, Millwright and Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machinery or apparatus employed for "milling" and
"fulling" woollen, woven, felted, or other fabrics; and it is wholly or in part
applicable to machines described in the Specifications of Letters Patent granted
to me, the Sixth day of May 1885 No. 5613, and the Twenty-fourth day of
February 1891, No. 3310; as well as to "milling" or "fulling" machines of other
construction.
Its object is to render parts of such machines more durable, to adjust the stock
feet to or from their work by power as well as by hand, and to make the machines
self contained.
In the drawings
:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 an end elevation and Fig. 3, a plan looking at
the top of a machine with my invention applied.
Fig. 4. is a front elevation, Fig. 5. a longitudinal section, and Fig. 6. a transverse
section of a combined milling and fulling machine with parts of my invention
applied.
Fig. 7. a part longitudinal elevation and Fig. 8. an end elevation showing the
construction of milling rollers.
Fig. 9. is an elevation, and Fig. 10 an end elevation of arrangement for driving
the machine.
I will first describe my improvements as applied to the machine shown at
Figs. 1 to 3.
A is the framework which forms the trough of the machine in which the stock
feet B, B' work.
The stock feet are carried in bearings C provided in the uprights A¹ and which
are cast on or attached to the framework A.
The shaft D from which motion is transmitted to the stock feet B, B'is mounted
in pedestals E fitted so as to slide freely on brackets, bars, or beds F attached to
the framework A, by brackets, bolts or screws, in a diagonal direction. On the
shaft D are mounted eccentrics G which when a rotary motion is imparted to the
shaft, as hereafter described, engage between the stock feet and plates fixed thereto,
and imparts a horizontal or radial movement.

page_text: The pedestals E carrying the shaft D can be moved up and down diagonally on.
their brackets, bars or beds F, and parallel with each other and so move the stock
feet backward or forward, whereby the space H containing the material to be
operated upon may be reduced or increased at any time whilst the machine is in
motion or at rest.
A shaft I is mounted in suitable bearings i attached to the framework A on
which are mounted the bevel wheels J. J. arranged to gear into bevel wheels J', J',
mounted on the adjusting screws K K, which, at their ends k, k, are fixed to the
pedestals E. The bosses j. j of the wheels JJ' being arranged to form the nuts
for the screws to work in, whereby the position of the shaft D and eccentrics G may
be regulated as required.
All the above described parts may be of a similar construction to those described
in the first of the hereinbefore mentioned Specifications.
In order to adjust the stock feet B, B1 to or from their work by power,
I combine with the herein before mentioned parts any suitable arrangement of
shafts, goaring, pulleys, and belting, such as for instance the following:
In suitable bearings arranged on the top of the uprights A¹ is mounted a shaft L
on which are fixed the pulleys L', IA.
From the shaft L motion may be transmitted by means of a belt M, or its
equivalent, to a second shaft N provided with fast and loose pulleys N' N2 carried
in bearings n at or near the tail or rear end of the machine or on the top of trough
part of the framework A. On the second shaft N may also be mounted one or
more spur pinions O arranged to gear with one or more spur wheels O' fixed on
the boss of one of the bevel wheels J; or on the shaft I, as shown in the drawings,
on which the bevel wheels JJ are mounted, whereby the said mechanism may be
actuated either for raising or lowering the stock feet to or from their work by
power, or by hand through hand wheel P and gearing J. J' described in the afore-
said Specification. When employed for withdrawing the stock feet from their work
suitable belts shipping motion, such as N³, may be employed for throwing the belt
onto the loose pulley N2 as soon as the feet have been raised sufficiently clear of
the material. But when it is required to lower the stock feet B, B' to their work
as well as withdraw them therefrom then an arrangement of pulleys, gearing, and
adjustable tappits and belt shipping motion, such as for instance, the ordinary and
well known arrangement of mechanism used on planing machines may be applied
to and combined with the shafts, gearing, and screws hereinbefore mentioned.
The above described hand and power adjusting mechanism may be applied to
and combined with the stock feet and means for actuating the same described and
shown in the aforesaid Specification No. 3310 of 1891. When this is done the
means for actuating the feet will require to be made adjustable with the said feet,
that is to say, the stock feet B B₁, driving shaft Q, cranks q. 9, connecting
rods R, R, fly wheel S, and blocks T T (shown at Figs. 4 to 6) will require to be
made to slide in the guides U, instead of the shaft, pulleys, and fly wheel being
carried in fixed bearings as hitherto and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
When this power adjusting mechanism is employed the screws K K. and parts con-
nected therewith will be mounted in a vertical instead of the diagonal direction as
shown at Figs. 1 to 3.
In order to make the machines self-contained, that is, capable of being driven
from any convenient source of power without the aid of additional counter shafts
fixed at a distance from the machine, and without being compelled to fix the
machine in a given position as at present, I provide on the top of the upright
shaft A', or other part of the machine either a separate shaft, or I prolong one of
the shafts that carries some of the moving parts of the machine, say the shaft L
(which I prefer doing) instead of mounting the said pulleys on the shaft D that
actuates the stock feet. On the first named shaft, that is as shown in the drawings,
shaft L, are mounted the driving pulley and means for transmitting, either by
gearing, or belting, or gearing and belting combined or it or their equivalents, the
required motion to the mechanism for actuating the stock feet. In the drawings I

page_text: have shown an arrangement whereby the shaft D and eccentrics G may be actuated
either directly, as shown at Fig. 1 from a single broad pulley L' (or fast and loose
pulleys) on shaft L through belt L' and pulley D' fixed on the end of shaft D.
Or as shown at Figs. 9 and 10 from pulley L³, through belting L, pulley D¹ and
spur wheels D D³. In this latter arrangement the spur wheel D' is mounted on
the shaft D whilst spur pinion D' and pulley D' are mounted on a pin D' fixed to
the pedestal E.
My improvements further relates to the rollers employed in "fulling" the material,
and it consists in building up the rollers W in parts, that is, I take two flanges w w
of any suitable size and thickness. On one or both of the said flanges wo, w, may
be cast or fixed a boss w¹ and a ring wxx, a boss is shown on each Hange in the
drawings. Around the boss and between the said flanges are placed, and bolted
thereto, any desired number of wood segments w³, preferably four, or six, made
the endway of the grain. These segments are of such a thickness as to suit the
diameter of the rollers, and the flanges w w may or may not project beyond the
periphery of the wood laggings or centre portion of the roller. They may also
when required be lined or edged as shown in the drawings with a ring w³ of brass,
earthenware or its equivalent to prevent them or the rollers wearing away at the
edges. Composite milling rollers W constructed as herein described and shown at
Figs. 4. 7 and 8 may be held together by bolts w passing through the flanges ww
and secured to the shaft wx by keys was shown at Figs. 9 and 10. They may
also be used in place of the rollers now employed on milling machines of ordinary
construction. When the flanges do not project beyond the periphery of the rollers
the sides of the spout V may be made to extend to or beyond the centre of the
rollers up to, or nearly to, the throat X and the sides and bottom of the spout V
may when desired be provided with an inner lining of wood, brass, earthenware,
porcelain or equivalent material which may extend the whole or any portion of the
length of the spout.
The sides of the herein described machines, the "turn," trough, spout, throat,
and the stock feet are either made of, or lined with earthenware, porcelain, marble, or
the like of any suitable thickness and may be made in one or more portions and fixed
together by any suitable means. But I distinctly wish it to be understood I do not
broadly claim the use in milling and fulling machines of an earthenware, porcelain,
marble, or the like lining, as I am aware, for at least ten years prior to the date of
this Specification it has been proposed to construct flangeless rollers (made in one
piece) of earthenware or porcelain, and to extend the sides of the trough, or spout
of milling machines beyond the centre of such rollers up to, or nearly to, the
throat and to provide such extended spouts or troughs with an inner lining of any
suitable material; also that many years ago it was proposed to line the surface of
the rollers, spouts, tongues, lids, knocking off boards, turns, cheeks, sides, and
bottoms of stock and milling machines as well as the stock feet with earthenware or
"pot," and further that throats made of earthenware, porcelain, marble and the
like, with or without pointed ends have been patented in this country over twenty
years ago.
Other parts of the machines may be the same as set forth in the aforesaid
Specifications.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. In milling or fulling machines, the power driven mechanism substantially as
herein described for actuating the means employed for raising and lowering the
stock feet to or from their work consisting essentially of shafts such as L and N,
pulleys such as L'L'L' N'N' D', gearing such as O, O', D³, D'; belting, and
belt shipping devices, such as Ns, arranged substantially as hercin set forth and
combined with stock feet, and parts connected therewith, capable of working either
in a radial, horizontal, diagonal, or vertical direction and of being raised and lowered

page_text: .
to their work by means of shafts, bevel gearing and sliding pedestals substantially
as herein described and illustrated.
2nd. In milling machines alone, or in combined milling and fulling machines
the employment of flangeless rollers built up in parts and bolted together sub-
stantially as described with reference to Figs. 7 and 8 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the various parts forming
the improvements in or connected with milling and fulling machines (separately or
combined) substantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
ha 1900
BENJAMIN PRESTON,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.