IMPROVEMENTS IN TILLS AND THE MEANS OF SECURING AND CHECKING MONEY TAKEN BY SERVANTS.
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Gaze, of Villiers Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TILLS AND THE
MEANS OF SECURING AND CHECKING MONEY TAKEN BY SERVANTS.".
Sealed the 6th July 1865, and dated the 12th January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Gaze at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th January 1865.
I, GEORGE GAZE, of Villiers Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TILLS
AND THE MEANS OF SECURING AND CHECKING MONEY TAKEN BY SERVANTS," to be
as follows:-
My improvements consist in the application of an audible signal to a
revolving or removable till, which exposes the coin after it is introduced; and
working such till in combination with a locked till or receptacle into which
the coin drops, and an open till in which coins are kept for change. In this
latter till receptacles are provided with a given amount of change, say one
pound's worth, which at all times remains the same in amount, and as

page_text: described in the Specification of a Patent granted to me, No. 527, March 3rd
1864. The audible signal is made at the time the coin is placed in the
exposed till. Revolving tills exposing coins received from customers have
before been used for the purpose of introducing the coin taken from a
customer and showing it in a separate compartment through plate glass, even
after several coins have been introduced in succession. According to my
improvements I do not introduce the coin received unless it be the exact
amount of the takings. If change is to be given I place the coin received in
one of the open receptacles; supposing it to be a half-crown and sixpence
the amount of the takings, the amount in the open receptacle remains the
same; two shillings is given in change, and the sixpenny piece put into the
revolving or exposing till which is moved a step, passing the coin under the
glass and securing it as in a locked receptacle, and into which it empties itself
at the time of introducing the coin; the audible signal is produced by the
movement of the rotating till, which signal may be produced by a bell being
struck by a hammer put in action by the movement of the till, or by other
analogous means. The coin so inserted will be seen through the glass during
several succeeding stages of movement of the exposing till, and can be seen by
the proprietor if he chooses to examine it. The coins so taken ultimately drop
into a locked receptacle below, and below or on one side of such locked till I
dispose the open one for giving change. If desired, a registering apparatus
may be connected with the revolving till to show the number of movements in
a given time, which should agree with the number of coins found in the locked
receptacle. The double till, one locked for receipts or takings, and the other
open for change as described, may be worked without a signal apparatus if
described, and instead of the exposing till rotating it may be slid longitudinally
or moved in other directions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Gaze, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
GAZE, of Villiers Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto

page_text: me, the said George Gaze, Her special licence that I, the said George
Gaze, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said George Gaze, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN TILLS AND THE MEANS OF SECURING AND CHECKING MONEY TAKEN
BY SERVANTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Gaze, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Gaze, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed and
to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
:―
My improvements consist in the application of an audible signal to. a
revolving or movable till which exposes the coin after it is introduced, and
working such till in combination with a locked till or receptacle into which
the coin drops, and an open till in which coins are kept for giving change.
This latter till receptacle is provided with a given amount of change, say one
pound's worth, more or less, in each receptacle of such till, which at all times
remains the same in amount, and as described in the Specification of a Patent
granted to me, No. 527, dated March 2nd, 1864. The audible signal is
made at the time the coin is placed in the exposed till. Revolving tills
exposing coins received from customers have before been used for the purpose
of introducing the coin taken from a customer, and showing it in a separate
compartment through plate glass, even after several coins have been intro-
duced in succession. According to my improvements I do not introduce coin
received unless it be the exact amount of the takings. If change is to be
given I place the coin received in one of the open receptacles; supposing it to
be half a crown piece, and sixpence the amount of the takings, two shillings
and a sixpenny piece are removed from the open receptacle and the half-
crown substituted, thus the amount in the open receptacle remains the same;
two shillings are given in change, and the sixpenny piece put into the revolving

page_text: or exposing till, which is moved round a step, passing the coin under the
glass and securing it as in a locked receptacle. At the time of introducing
the coin the audible signal is produced by the movement of the rotating till,
which signal may be produced by a bell being struck by a hammer, put into
The coin
action by the movement of the till or by other analogous means.
so inserted will be seen through the glass during several succeeding stages of
movement of the exposing till, and can be seen by the proprietor if he chooses
to examine it; the coins so taken ultimately drop into a locked receptacle
underneath. I dispose the open till for giving change below, or on one side
of such locked till or receptacle. If desired a registering apparatus may be
connected with the revolving till to register and indicate the number of move-
ments in a given time, which should agree with the number of coins found in
the locked receptacle. This double till, one locked for receipts or takings and
the other open for change as described, may be worked without a signal
apparatus if desired, and instead of the exposing till rotating, it may be
slid longitudinally or moved in any other direction.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, represents a front view of my improved compound money till affixed
to a counter; Fig. 2, a transverse section of the counter and tills; Fig. 3, a
plan of the top of the same; Fig. 4, a section on line a', b¹, Figs. I and 2;
Fig. 5, a separate plan of the locked till or receptacle into which the takings
are deposited, which receptacle is in this case fitted to revolve; Fig. 6 is a
plan of the open till, in which the regulated and uniform amount of money in
coins for change is deposited and used in combination with the compound till
or locked receptacle, as described in the Specification of the Patent before
referred to. The plan, Fig. 6, shows seven bowl-like receptacles in the open
till X, for change, in which, suppose A to be the receptacle for change for
crowns, it should contain a fixed amount of florins and shillings, say a pound's
worth; B, the receptacle for change for half-crowns, and containing a like
amount of shillings and sixpences; C, receptacle for change for florins, and
consisting of shillings and sixpences, while D contains the change for shillings,
consisting of sixpences and threepenny pieces; E contains a fixed amount of
pence and half pence, F receptacle for fourpenny pieces, and G that for
farthings. Change for sovereigns and half sovereigns may be kept counted
The inode of
behind the bar or counter as usual; I, I, are the coin testers.
operation is as follows:-Supposing a customer buys sixpenny worth and
tenders a crown, tho attendant places the crown piece in A, and takes out
five shillings, say two florins and a shilling (or it may be five-shilling pieces),

page_text: be also changes the shilling in D for two sixpenny pieces; one of these he
drops into the locked till while he gives the change to the customer, con-
sisting of two florins and a sixpenny piece. In like manner if the purchase
is only to the extent of threepence, the sixpence is further changed for penco
in E, threepence being dropped into the locked till and the further threepence
given to the customer..
In like manner change for other coins may be readily given from the
receptacle best adapted for them, as B for half-crowns, C for florins, and so
on, the amount of the purchase in all cases being dropped into the locked till.
In this manner the receptacles A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, will always contain
a fixed amount of coin, which is to be maintained at all times, and which if
not the case when counted from time to time, will be, an indication to the
employer that there is something wrong.
Having thus briefly described the. operation with the open till, and as before
explained in my former Specification,, I will now proceed to describe by
reference to the Drawings, the new combination with the locked till in which
the takings are exposed to view for some time after being deposited in a closed
receptacle, and the takings at subsequent periods also introduced. L is the
revolving till exposing the amount of the takings for several stages ; it
consists of a metal box a, a, fitted with a glass top 6, containing a wheel d,
mounted on a pivot c, on which it rotates, similar to the ordinary rotating tills.
This wheel has ten or other number of compartments 1, 2, 3, and so on; e is a
thumb stop lever hinged at f, and constantly pressed upwards by a spring. 9,
so as to protrude a pin h through the bottom of box a, and so present a stop
to the next arm of wheel d in succession. When lever e is depressed and
pin h withdrawn, the wheel a is moved by the knob on its periphery presented
at the slot opening in-front of the box, and it is moved a distance comprising
one compartment of the wheel; p is a latch lever pivotted below at 9 and rising
up through a slit in the bottom of the box a. This latch lever permits. the
wheel d to rotate in one direction only, and is depressed by the passage of
cach arm of the wheel d; it is operated and thrown up again quickly by a
spring r, which holds it constantly in the elevated position, and except when
depressed by the arms of d in passing, a bell hammer on a spring or wire arm
is fixed on the side of latch lever p, which at each time the. lever p flies up
strikes a bell s, fixed below the box a as seen, thus producing an audible signal
at each time a coin is inserted and the till moved round. is an opening in
the glass top b, where the takings are inserted, and u an opening in the
bottom of the box a, through which the coins fall into a receptacle below. At
each time of inserting a coin at t, the server depresses the lever e, and moves

page_text: the wheel & round one stage, which moves the coin from stage 1 to 2, where
it will still be exposed, producing at same time the audible bell signal as
described. When a second coin is introduced the action is repeated, the first
coin passing from stage 2 to stage 3, while the second is moved from 1 to 2,
the bell signal being again produced; in this manner the coins pass through
the several stages to stage 10, where they drop through the opening u into the
locked receptacle below. As before mentioned, the locked receptacle into
which the coins pass by opening u may be simply a locked drawer, but I
prefer to make this locked-up till in compartments, and so that the several
compartments may be disposed to receive in turns the takings of different
periods of the day; for this purpose I have represented this receptacle M as
rotary, being like the upper exposing compartment mounted on a pivot v, on
which it may be turned, and the compartments P, R, S, T, U, and V, placed in
succession underneath the opening u, through which the takings drop. This
rotary till I place within a locked drawer W, having a small wicket opening K
at which the attendant server has access, but only to turn the till. I provide
till M with sluice doors m, m, to the compartments for convenience in removing
the coins.
To the bottom of the till I apply a kind of ratchet or cam ring w, into
which a spring presser y takes, this presser fitting into notches indicates when
the till is in proper position and keeps it so, but not so rigidly as to prevent
its being turned when desired by the attendant. This till may further be
connected with a tell-tale clock to indicate and register that it has been turned
at the proper times, as well understood in the application of clock mechanism.
Instead of M being a rotating till it may be a sliding drawer as described
in my former Specification herein-before referred to, but I prefer a rotating
receptacle in combination with the rotating till L and bell signal apparatus as
above described. The compartments of the wheel of till L may be further
divided by partitions shown dotted at x, in Fig. 8, so that the takings repre-
sented by copper and silver, or gold and silver, may be kept apart, for which
purpose it will be further necessary to provide two holes in the glass top 6,
to correspond with the divided compartments, and also to divide the compart-
ments in till M in like manner.
Having described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be protected by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the working of a till exposing
or exhibiting the takings (the coin representing the value of the goods sold)
for a considerable period after insertion, in a secure receptacle in combination
with a closed and locked receptacle, and audible signal apparatus, and with

page_text: or without the open till arranged for change, all as and for the purposes
herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Gaze, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
W. CLARK,
Patent Agent,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
GEORGE GAZE. (L.B.)