IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM STRONACH LOCKHART of 7 Fenchurch Street in the City of London,
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES to be as follows:-
"
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction of wheels for vehicles of all
kinds whereby the durability of the wheel is increased elasticity of tread is obtained
and the transmission of vibrations to the vehicle is prevented. According to my
invention I make the spokes of metal by preference of steel or phosphor bronze
(although wooden spokes may be used if preferred) the spokes being secured
directly to a wooden nave or to a metal ring embracing a wooden nave. The outer
ends of these spokes when of metal are by preference split or forked and branched
to ensure a certain amount of elasticity and secured by bolts rivets or otherwise to
an inner metal rim or felloe of a trough section the hollow of the trough being
outside.
I place within the trough a ring or bedding of soft rubber or other suitable
elastic material and over this elastic bedding I place wooden felloes held in position
if required by bolts or pins but allowed a slight play. On the outside of these
wooden felloes I fix by shrinking or otherwise an ordinary metal tyre made in one
or more parts. In some cases the trough shaped rim may be made in two halves
annularly and formed with flanges for bolting them together. Or a plain metal
rim may be secured directly to or formed partly by the spokes, and the trough
shaped rim be formed by bolting or rivetting to the said plain rim two annular side
plates formed with inner projecting flanges for that purpose.
Dated the 0th day of Ancil 1001

page_text: I WILLIAM STRONACH LOCKHART of 7 Fenchurch Street in the City of London
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WHEELS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES" and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of the outer
portions or rims of wheels for vehicles of all kinds whereby the durability of the
wheel is increased, elasticity of tread is obtained and noise and transmission of
vibration to the vehicle is prevented.
According to my invention I make the outer portion or rim of my improved
wheel, of a trough shape with the hollow of the trough on the outer side of the
circumference of the rim the said trough shaped rim being composed either wholly
of metal in one or more parts or partly of metal and partly of wood or equivalent
material. The spokes may be either of metal or wood, when of metal-they-may-if-
desired be branched or forked at their outer ends or they may be left straight and
may be secured directly to the trough shaped rim, when such rim is composed
wholly of metal, by bolts or screws; when wooden spokes are used they may be of
the ordinary shape and secured directly to the wooden portion of the trough
shaped rim (when such rim is composed of wood and metal combined) in the usual
manner of securing wooden spokes to their felloes. The nave of the wheel may be
either of wood or of wood and metal combined and the spokes may be secured
thereto in any suitable manner.
The aforesaid trough shaped rim may be wholly of metal in one piece of annular
form or it may be composed of two metal rings or of segments of angular or what
is commonly known as Z section bolted together or it may be made up of two or
more metal trough shaped segments combined and secured together so as to
constitute a rim of the trough like section required. Or the said trough shaped rim
may be composed of wooden felloes having metal rings or segments bolted or
otherwise secured to each side thereof so as to form the opposite sides of the trough.
I combine with the aforesaid trough shaped rim a bedding or cushion of soft
rubber felt cork or other material suitable for deadening or neutralizing the noise
and vibration a wooden rim in one or more parts-and a metal tyre also in one
or more parts fixed to the wooden rim. The elastic bedding is first placed in the
bottom of the trough the wooden rim is then placed over the said elastic or
yielding bedding and lastly the metal tyre is shrunk or otherwise secured to the
circumference of the wooden rim. In some cases I may secure the said metal
trough shaped rim complete or in segments onto a separate inner set of ordinary
wooden felloes which receive the outer ends of the spokes in the usual manner.
Figure 1 of my drawings is a transverse section taken through the trough shaped
metal rim of my improved wheel along the line 1-2 in figure 2. Figure 2 is a
side elevation and partial circumferential section taken along the line 3-4 in
figure 1. Figure 3 is a transverse section of the trough shaped rim composed
partly of wood and partly of metal and figure 4 is a side elevation and partial
circumferential section of the same.
a (figs. 1 and 2) is the metal rim of trough shape in transverse section having its
hollow part or channel outwards as shown. b is a bedding or cushion of soft india
rubber felt cork or other elastic or yielding material introduced into the bottom of
the said trough. c is a wooden rim in two or more parts also let into the trough
and taking its bearing upon the elastic or yielding bedding or cushion b, said

page_text: wooden rim projecting beyond the peripheries of the sides of the trough, and d is
an ordinary metal tyre made in one or more parts shrunk or otherwise secured to
the circumference of the wooden rim c.
In figures 3 and 4 the trough shaped rim is shown as composed partly of a
wooden rim or felloes a surrounded by, a metal ring f, and partly of metal rings or
segments a¹ a secured by bolts or otherwise to the opposite sides of the said
wooden rim or felloes a these metal rings or segments a¹ al projecting sufficiently
beyond the wooden rim to form the sides of the trough shaped rim which trough
is packed in the manner described with reference to figures 1 and 2 that is to say
with an elastic or yielding bedding or cushion b on the metal ring f and a layer or
rim of wooden strakes or felloes c on which is shrunk or otherwise secured the
metal tyre d in one piece or in two or more parts or segments. By this mode of
constructing the trough shaped rim facility is afforded for securing the ordinary
wooden spokes e in the usual manner to the wooden rim or felloes a forming the
bottom of the trough shaped rim.
The arms or spokes e may either be secured directly to the improved trough
shaped rim as shown in figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 or they may be secured to an ordinary
interposed wooden rim g on which the metal trough shaped rim may be secured as
shown in figure 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
Forming the outer portions or rims of wheels for vehicles, of a trough section,
composed either wholly of metal, or of metal and wood combined, and having the
hollow part or channel outwards, the bottom of the trough being packed with an
elastic or yielding bed or cushion over which is bedded a rim of wood or other
suitable material projecting beyond the peripheries of the sides of the trough shaped
rim and having a metal tyre or tread shrunk or otherwise secured thereon the arms
or spokes being secured either directly to the said trough shaped rim or to an
ordinary interposed wooden rim substantially as and for the purpose herein before
described and illustrated by my drawings.
Did the 10th J...