Improvements in or in connection with Pneumatic, Inflated, and Distended Tubes or Chambers for Cycle and other Tyres.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 1st Oct., 1892-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in connection with Pneumatic, Inflated, and
Distended Tubes or Chambers for Cycle and other Tyres.
We, CORNELIUS DAVIES of 70 Stratford Road Commercial Traveller and
CHARLES BENJAMIN BISHOP of 14 Edgbaston Road, Manager of Works, both
of Birmingham do hereby declare the nature of our said invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in or in connection with the tyres of the
wheels of cycles, and other vehicles as pneumatic, inflated and distended tubes or
chambers, chiefly applicable to the metallic rims of the said wheels.
Practice has determined the great advantage gained by these elastic tyres over
the solid tyre on account of its elasticity, which reduces the tremor or vibration of
the wheels when travelling rough roads, and its transmission to the rider, so that
with ease the speed may be increased. But the dread of the rider with this class
of tyre is the liability to cutting or puncturing when coming into contact with a
pointed or cutting substance which would determine the journey.
The aim and object of our invention in connection with tyres is to further reduce
vibration and impart greater mobility to the machine and ease to the rider, with
greater speed dispensing with the liability of cutting or puncturing, and simplifying
the connecting or affixing of the said tyre to its metallic rim by compression
produced by inflation, and dispensing with the olden modes of attaching.
We will describe our invention as applied to a cycle tyre.
We employ a tube, woven, and seamless, (that is to say) a tube of a required
diameter and length suitable to the purpose, woven from hemp, flax, or other
suitable material that can be woven, without a side seam, under great pressure in
the process of weaving it becomes so dense that when applied as a "hose," it is
sound to water pressure, and as such it is impregnable and cannot receive puncture,
but has sufficient elasticity for this purpose.
A tube thus woven may be coated or treated in other ways for this purpose.
The elastic tyre is laid in this tube and completely encased, and the ends united
in a suitable manner, in all cases the woven tube with its tyre is of such a size as to
pass upon the rim unflated, but when the inflation is carried out in the ordinary
manner, the tyre and the tube become distended as to partake of the form of the
rim and is immoveable.
When repair of the cycle is required or the tube or cover, or tyre needs changing
the inflation is released by the ordinary means, and when effected recharged.
Dated 1st January 1892
THOS. KENDRICK,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in connection with Pneumatic, Inflated, and
Distended Tubes or Chambers for Cycle and other Tyres.
We, CORNELIUS DAVIES, of 70 Stratford Road, Commercial Traveller, 'and
CHARLES BENJAMIN BISHOP of 14 Edgbaston Road, Manager of Works, both
of Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
Cycles constructed with inflated or distended tubes and known as pneumatic tyres
have been extensively used in the past, and this on account of the ease imparted by
ונ6...D

page_text: the flexibility or elasticity, giving greater mobility or activity to the machine, and
ease to the rider with a gain of speed, but the fear of the rider is that when on a
journey and at any moment this pneumatic tyre may come in contact with a cutting
or puncturing substance, and the smallest cut or puncture will determine the
journey.
Our invention is intended to remedy this objection of which the following is a
description.
We employ a case or covering or protector, for the elastic tube, tyre or air
chamber, (as hitherto employed) woven from hemp, flax, or fibre, or any like
material that can be woven, by preference we should have this woven as a tube,
without a side seam, but we may employ a semi-tubular form, woven, or a tubular
form woven, and divided, known as a "split tube," or a strip woven which will
admit of its being bent to the form of the tube, either in the process of weaving
or when the weaving is accomplished, under very heavy pressure it becomes
consolidated and is practically homogeneous but retaining sufficient elasticity for
its purpose.
A case or covering thus constructed may be coated, covered or treated with
india-rubber or other substance, so that it becomes glutinous and absorbsion
prevented.
When the case or covering either the tube, or tubular form with its elastic tyre
or air chamber is applied to the metallic rim and the tyre inflated (in a well known
manner) the distension of the tyre or air chamber causes to a degree a distension
of its case or cover which taking side compression by contact with sides of rim
forces the case or cover to occupy the rim and is thus secured with or without the
aid of cement, and can be readily released for repairs of spokes or rim without the
aid of a skilled workman.
And in order that this our said invention may be more fully understood, we
shall now proceed to more particularly describe the same and for. that purpose we
shall refer to the several figures on the sheet of drawings hereunto annexed,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
figures.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal side view in section shewing our woven tubular casing or
covering or protector in which is encased the elastic tyre or air chamber of ordinary
construction, upon an ordinary metallic rim.
Fig. 2 is a view in cross section as Fig. 1.
66
Fig. 3 is a view in cross section shewing our woven tubular casing or covering
or protector divided, a split-tube," in which is encased the elastic air chamber of
ordinary construction upon an ordinary metallic rim.
Fig. 4 is a view in cross section shewing our woven semi-tubular casing or
covering or protector applied to the elastic tyre or air chamber of ordinary
construction upon an ordinary metallic rim.
a is the woven casing or covering or protector and a¹ is the coating on same.
b is the elastic tube or tyre or air chamber to be inflated. c is the metallic rim,
for receiving the spokes d, as parts for the formation of a wheel for a cycle.
Relating to Fig. 4, the woven semi-tubular casing or covering a, is applied to
the elastic tube or tube b; and secured to the metallic rim by the means now
employed, such as lacing, hooks, studs &c., and this is done before the tyre b is
inflated.
Practice has determined so far that we make this woven tube or tubular form of
a required length for receiving the elastic tube, tyre, or air chamber and to engage
upon the metallic rim. In all cases when the tyre or air chamber is arranged in
the interior of the woven covering or protector the ends of both are securely
united before arranging on the rim. Passing through the woven tube or tubular
form is an inflation pipe, secured to the elastic tube, tyre or air chamber, and this
is provided with a back valve, and by means of which the said tyre or air chamber
is inflated, compression then takes place which secures the whole to the rim as
above described.

page_text: The above being our said invention we would observe in conclusion that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise details as shewn on the sheet of drawings, as we
may alter or modify the same without departing essentially from the principle of
our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In pneumatic or inflated tubes, forming tyres for the wheels of cycles, and
like purposes, an inner tube or air chamber and an outer tube or protector, the
latter woven, and seamless, for attachment to the wheel rim, substantially as and
for the purpose above described.
2. In pneumatic or inflated tubes, forming tyres for the wheels of cycles, and
like purposes, an inner tube, or air chamber and an outer tube or protector, the
latter woven, and divided, for attachment to the wheel rim, substantially as and
for the purpose above described.
3. In pneumatic or inflated tubes, forming tyres for the wheels of cycles, and
like purposes, a tube or air chamber, and a semi-tubular covering or protector for
same, the latter woven, and for attachment to the wheel rim, substantially as and
for the purpose above described.
4. The general construction, combination and arrangement of parts substantially
as and for the purpose described in the foregoing Specification and shewn on the
accompanying sheet of drawings.
Deted Lot Ontahan 1900
THOS. KENDRICK,
Agent.