NEW OR IMPROVED ROTARY MOTOR
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Ambrose Brydges, of the Firm of Brydges and Co.,
Engineers and Patent Agents, No. 32, Belle Alliance Strasse, Berlin, in the
Empire of Germany, for an Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED ROTARY MOTOR."
A communication by Karl Krupp, of Vienna, in the Austrian Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1880.
EDWIN AMBROSE BRYDGES, of the Firm of Brydges and Co., Engineers and
Patent Agents, No. 32, Belle Alliance Strasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.
NEW OR IMPROVED ROTARY MOTOR." (A communication by Karl Krupp, of
Vienna, in the Austrian Empire.)
26
The object of this Invention is the construction of a motor of smallest possible
dimensions, with all its parts easily accessible, but having equal power to one much
larger of the common construction. The fundamental principles of this Invention
are the following :-
In this engine, contrary to other and similar rotary engines, not only the interior
part or body rotates but also its outer casing or box (which in the following
description will be simply called "case"), but so that the axis of rotation of the one
forms a certain angle with that of the other, the vertex of which is the centre of a
balls. This, with the fan like wings fastened on and around it, forms the inner part
or body of this machine. The magnitude of this angle, or, which is the same, the
position of the side walls of the case to one another, forming an angle twice as large,
determines the stroke of this engine, the length of which stroke is exactly like
the length of an arc defined between the two side walls of the case on the inner
surface of the spherical case ring. The distance between the centre of gravity of
the fan wings of the ball and the centre of the latter determines the length of crank.
The rotary motion of this engine respectively of the two before mentioned parts or
bodies ensues in the following manner :-
Steam or air simultaneously entering two of the spaces between and formed by
the parts of the side walls of the case and those of the fan wing on the ball, situated
opposite each other and on different sides of this fan wing, has a tendency to
enlarge these spaces, that is, to force asunder the respective sides of the case and
the fan wings, or, what is the same, to allow the inclination of the former to the

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th August 1880.
EDWIN AMBROSE BRYDGES, of the Firm of Brydges and Co., Engineers and Patent
Agents, of 32, Belle Alliance Strasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany. "New
OR IMPROVED ROTARY MOTOR" (A communication by Karl Krupp, of Vienna,
in the Austrian Empiro.)
The object of this Invention is the construction of a motor of smallest possiblo
dimensions, with all its parts easily accessible, but having equal power to one much
larger of the common construction.
The fundamental principles of this Invention are the following :-
In this engine, contrary to other and similar rotary engines, not only the interior
part or body rotates but also its outer casing or box (which in the following
description will be simply called "case"), but so that the axis of rotation of the
one forms a certain angle with that of the other, the vertex of which is the centre
of a ball; this, with the fan like wings fastened on and around it, forms the inner
part or body of this machine. The magnitude of this angle, or, which is the saine,
the position of the side walls of the case to one another forming an angle twice as
large, determines the stroke of this engine, the length of which stroke is exactly
like the length of an arc defined between the two side walls of the case on the s
inner surface of the spherical case ring.
The distance between the centre of gravity of the fan wings of the ball and the
centre of the latter determines the length of crank. The rotary motion of this
engine respectively of the two beforementioned parts or bodies ensues in the
following manner:-Steam or air simultaneously entering two of the spaces 2
between and formed by the parts of the side walls of the case, and those of the
fan wing on the ball, situated opposite each other and on different sides of this
fan wing, has a tendency to enlarge these spaces, that is, to force asunder the
respective sides of the case and the fan wings, or, what is the same, to alter the
inclination of the former to the latter. This tendency of the steam or air is 3
resisted on the one hand by the spherical case ring to which the case sides are
fastened, this being held permanently in its position to the axis of the inner body
by a guide ring provided with guide rolls; on the other hand, by the axis of the
inner body resting in journals which allow no change of position. The motion
consequently must take place indirectly, that is, cach of the two bodies, the inner 3
and the outer one, must rotate in the same direction, but cach in the plane assigned
to it. This is explained by the fact that the sides of the case in all their different
positions to the fan wings are more or less inclined towards the latter, and thus the
resultant of the force of the steam or air always gives a component in the direction
of rotation.

page_text: morizontal section enrough the axis of the machine leaving away the case;
Fig. 8, detail view.
In the Drawings similar letters of reference indicate like parts.
The following are the principal parts of this new motor herein described and
shown in the accompanying Drawing:-
=
(1.) The frame A, A, A, A', with the bearings a, a¹.
(2.) The shaft B upon which (3) the ball b with the fan wing b' is fastened,
which is enclosed by (4) the case C, C, g, h,
(5.) The slide valve c, c.
The construction of the machine is as follows:-
==
Upon a circular bed frame A, A, two pillow blocks a and a' are fastened on
diametrically opposite places; these pillow blocks or bearings a and a support a
shaft B upon which, with keys or other suitable means, a ball bis fastened. Part
of the side of this ball b next to the bearing a is cut off in a planc vertical to
the shaft B, thus forming a circular face against which bears that of the slido
valve c, c, steam or air tight. This slide valve has a cylindrical or somewhat
conical form, and has the shaft B for its axis, upon which it may be turned round
at will. The other face of this valve c, c, bears tightly against the face of the
pillow block a', which is of circular corresponding shape. The shifting of the slide
valve c, c, is effected by means of cogs, or a cog ring fastened partly or all around
its circumference, and connected with any suitable gearing, by means of which it
may be held in any position desired, or turned round its axis in order to start, stop,
or reverse the engine. Through the pillow block a' run the steam or air passages
for supply and exhaust, which through the slide valvo c, c, lead the steam or air to
or from the ball b. According to the intended position or destination of the motor
for certain purposes, the places for ingress and egress of the steam or air may be
varied. The steam or air may, for instance, be conducted by pipes from the boiler
or reservoir directly to an opening in the pillow block a, as shewn in the Drawing
at d, and led off again through another opening close beside the first (c).
Should it be desirable for certain purposes, as for propelling vessels, to have the
whole machine to turn around on a vertical axis, the ingress and egress of the
steam or air may take place through a pivot f, and from it through or along the
frame A, A, A, A, to the said pillow block a¹, and vice versa. Onto and around
the ball bare fastened three or more (in the Drawing three) wings b¹, 61, 1
standing in a fan like position to each other, and connected by cross partitions
,, These wings 61, 61, 6, are parts of circular planes concentric to the
ball b. Wings and partitions form a continuous whole, encircling the ball and
rigidly fastened upon it, and will when mentioned as such hereafter simply be called
wing b. This wing b¹ is surrounded and enveloped by a case C, C, g, h, whose
sides rest steam or air-tight upon the ball b, and whose outer ring on its interior
side is for this purpose of a spherical shape concentric to the ball in order to fit
the circumferential edge of wing b. The side walls g and h of this case C, C, g, h,
are shaped, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, that is, corresponding to the parts and
partitions of the wing b¹.
The surfaces g, g¹, g¹¹, and h², h", h, of the sides of the case are bent conically
against the wing parts b, b, b, as shown in Fig. 7. The surfaces i, i, i", and
k, h, k, of the case sides g and h are of such peculiar shape that in moving or
rocking over the surfaces l, l', ", of the wing b₁, they always only touch the latter
in one line radial to the ball. On the ball b, between either one part b of the
wing b', and one part g respectively h of the case sides g and h, there is the port or
opening of a corresponding steam or air channel leading through this ball from its
face, serving alternately for feed or exhaust. The position of the case sides g and h
to wing b' of ball b necessitates an inclined position of the case ring C, C, to the
shaft B, and deterinines the stroke of the engine. In this ring C, C, the sides g, h,
are rigidly fastened, but the ring itself is circumferentially divided in two halves
provided with flanges, and fastened with safety screws which permit the tightening

page_text: up of the two parts for the purpose of keeping the edges of the sides and h
which slide on the ball steam or air tight thereon. At the same inclination as the
case ring C, C, stands to the shaft B, and concentrically surrounding the former, is
a second ring A', A', cast in one piece with the bed A, A, or fastened to it in any
other suitable manner. This ring A', A', is provided with guide rolls m, m, arranged
in pairs on opposite sides (in the Drawings four pairs), which run in corresponding
grooves n in the flanges o of the case ring C, C. For certain purposes, for instance
on ships or vessels, where it would be an advantage to be able to turn the whole
engine round a vertical axis for the purpose of steering the vessel by means of its
propeller alone, doing away with the rudder entirely, or only for assisting the latter
in turning the vessel, this engine may easily be adapted by fastening a pivot f
in any convenient manner to the lower part of the guide A', A', or otherwise, but
so that the whole engine balances and turns upon it. This pivot rests in a suitable
bearing so constructed as to permit the entrance and exit of the steam or air
through this pivot.
Through the pillow block a' the channels for the inlet and outlet of steam or air
are so arranged around the bearing of the shaft B that although like the
corresponding ports in the slide valve they permit of the three different positions of
the valve in order to stop, start, and reverse the engine. The other face of the
slide valve, that is, the one bearing against the face of the ball b, has two pairs of
port holes, each of which may be imagined as the two ports of a common slide
valve with the only difference that the steam or air is not led off between them,
but back again through the pillow block a¹. On the face of the ball are the port-
holes leading to the spaces enclosed by the case. These spaces have the form of
truncated pyramids, and serve in this machine in place of cylinders, of which here,
by way of example, three have been chosen grouped around the axis. The channel
ports in the case spaces are situated close against and on either side of the wing
parts b, bb, which in this engine serve as pistons. Of the above mentioned
two pairs of port holes (Fig. 5) one pair, i.c., an outer port 1, and one opposite to
it (2) serves for the admission of the steam or air, and one pair reversely situated to
the former serves for the exhaust, that is, where the exhaust is on the outside the
inlet is on the inside of the circular face, and vice versa. Altering the position of
these ports to one another causes at will the starting or reversing of the engine,
and a stop when the intermediate fields between the port holes of the slide valve
cover the port holes in the face of the pillow block a¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or put in practice, I
hereby declare that I claim,-
(1.) The ball in combination with its shaft B and the peculiar shaped wing b¹
fastened onto this ball b, substantially as described and shown.
(2) The case C, C, g, h, with its peculiar shaped side walls g, h, and its spherical
ring C, C, substantially as described and shown.
(3.) The ball with its shaft B and wing b¹ in combination with the case C, C,
g, h, substantially as described and shown.
(4.) In combination with ball b, its shaft B, wing b³, and case C, C, g, h, the slide
valve c, c, substantially as described and shewn.
5. In combination with ball b, its shaft B, wing b¹, case C, C, g, h, and slide
valve c, c, the circular bed frame A, A, with pillow blocks a, a, substantially as
described and shown.
(6.) In combination with ball b, its shaft B, wing b', case C, C, g, h, slide
valve c, c, and bed frame A, A, with pillow blocks a, a, the guide ring A', A', with
the guide rolls m, m, substantially as described and shown.
(7.) The system of a reversible slide valve motion, the valve turning upon the
main shaft of the engine, substantially as described.
(8.) The application of a vertical pivot to an engine of the kind herein described,
around which as an axis the latter may be turned. The engine directly connected

page_text: with the propeller for the purpose of steering a vessel by means of this propeller
in order to aid the rudder or dispense with it entirely, substantially as described.
(9.) The herein described motor, its whole arrangement, and the arrangement of
the single parts of the same to one another, all for the purpose and substantially as
described and shown in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whercof, the said Edwin Ambrose Brydges, have bereunto set
my hand and scal, this Ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witnesses,
GUSTAV EHLEN,
H. ZUNG.
EDWIN A. BRYDGES. (L.S.)