IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP STOVES, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH DESCRIPTION OF STOVES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Alexander Rippingille, of Holborn, in the County
of Middlesex, and of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP STOVES, AND IN THE APPLICATION
OF SUCH DESCRIPTION OF STOVES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Alexander
Rippingille at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th
February 1880.
EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE, of Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and
of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP
STOVES, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH DESCRIPTION OF STOVES."
The Invention has for its object improvements in lamps and lamp stoves, and in
the application of such description of stoves.
My Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in burners for lamps and lamp
stoves, and parts connected therewith, whereby whilst sufficiently separating the
air space below the cone plate from that above; I also obtain economy of space,
simplicity of parts, and reduction in cost of production, and I am also enabled to
slide the tank and burner readily into and out of position. For this purpose I
employ a lower or flatter cone than that usually adopted, and I fix the cone, as has
heretofore been proposed, to a plate forming the bottom of a lanıp stove or the
division plate of a lamp or lantern to separate the interior of the lamp or lantern
from the tank.
I do not carry the wick tube up into the cone, as hitherto generally adopted, but
I make the top of the wick tube to stand a short distance below the cone plate,
thereby enabling the tank and burner to be readily run into position in the lamp
or lamp stove; and in order to seal the air space above the cone plate from that
below, and thereby compel the air to support combustion to pass through the
perforated plate fixed to the wick tube, I form such perforated plate concave on its
upper surface, or I fix around it strips of metal, or I raise the top of the frame
usually surrounding the perforated plate so as to bring the upper edges thereof
above the wick tube and in contact with the under surface of the cone plate; and
in order to ensure the wick tubo being correctly placed in relation to the cone I
prefer to bend down the sides and back end of the cone plate, or I fix depending
D

page_text: strips of metal thereto, so that when sliding the tank into position the perforated
plate or the frame surrounding the same shall fit within the said depending strips;
the parts may however be otherwise guided. If desired the tank may be slidden
into position, as heretofore, in a right line, or it may be pivotted and caused to
travel in a circular path. Instead however of forming the perforated plate sur-
rounding the wick tube or the frame around the same as above described to fit
against the under surface of the cone place, the perforated plate or a plate carried
thereby may be caused to project beyond and fit underneath the strips or projections
depending from the cone plate, or such parts may fit within such depending strips
or projections, and in such latter case the perforated plate or the frame around the
same would carry a vertical plate to seal the opening through which the wick tube
and other parts were passed.
My Invention relates, secondly, to improvements in kitchener lamp stoves
provided with an oven in the centre, and with seats for culinary vessels on either
or both sides of the oven.
In such description of lamp stove as hitherto constructed sufficient heat.has not
been obtained in the lower part of the oven, nor has the oven been made sufficiently
tall for cooking joints or dishes one above another, and this part of my Invention
consists of means whereby. a taller oven than heretofore may be employed and
suitably heated, whilst at the same time a sufficient heat is obtained for the culinary
vessels. For this purpose I raise the top of the oven above the seats for the
culinary vessels, or I make the top of the oven and the said seats on or nearly on a
level, and raise the side burners sufficiently above the bottom of the oven to enable
them to give off the required amount of heat to the culinary vessels.
Where the
top of the oven is raised above the seats for the culinary vessels I apply one or more
burners underneath the bottom of the oven, and so that the heat and products of
combustion therefrom may first play directly on the bottom of the oven, and then
be carried up the back to and over the top thereof, where they are allowed to
escape. The heat and products of combustion from the side burners act upon the
sides of the oven and upon the culinary vessels, and then pass over the top of the
oven, where they are allowed to escape, either under a plate or under a culinary
vessel placed over the outlet or outlets. A portion of such heat may however be
allowed to escape around or just below the culinary vessels at the sides of the
oven.
Where the top of the oven and the seats for the side culinary vessels are on a
line with each other or thereabouts, and the side burners are raised above the
bottom of the oven, I sometimes dispense with the burner or burners under the
oven, and in such case in liou thereof I cause some of the products of combustion
from the side burners to pass by suitable flucs down a portion of one side of the
oven, then underneath the same, whence they rise on the other side to a greater
height than that at which they entered the flue on the first side, and then pass
with the other products of combustion over the top of the oven, whence they may
escape into the open air directly, or they may first act upon a culinary vessel placed
on a suitable scat over the oven. A division plate or plates is or are fixed within
the body of the stove at a suitable distance from each side burner to prevent the
radiation and consequent wasto of heat from the front, back, and sides of the
stove.
In some cases I dispense with the burners and with the seat for culinary vessels
on one side of the oven, but otherwise adopt the arrangements above described,
except that in the case of employing a burner or burners under the oven I direct a
portion of the heat from such burner or burners to a flue along one side of the oven
as well as to a flue at the back thereof. By slightly lowering the top of the oven
the stove may be reduced in size by bringing the seats for the culinary vessels
partly over the top of the oven, in which case I employ deflectors to cause some of
the products of combustion of the side burners to pass first over the top of the oven
and then under the culinary vessels.
In lamp stoves in which a chimney passes through the body of the oven at one

page_text: or both sides of the latter, or the chimney is formed against the side of the oven, I
obtain sufficient heat at the bottom of the oven in the following manner:-I apply
all over the bottom of the oven at a short distance therefrom a lining or false
bottom, and where two chimneys are used I divide the space under such lining into
two parts by a division extending from end to end thereof.
Each of these spaces
is open at one end to the interior of the oven, and at the other end communicates
with the lower part of one of the chimneys, the one space communicating with
the chimney on one side of the oven, the other communicating with the opposite
chimney.
At each side of the oven I apply a lining so as to form an air passage between it
and the side of the oven, which air space is at the lower part thereof open to the
outer air, and at the upper part communicates with the interior of the oven. By
these means some of the outer air passes through the side passages into the interior
of the oven, being heated on its way, and is then drawn through the spaces at the
bottom of the oven into the chimneys, where it passes away with the products of
combustion. Where only one chimney is employed I dispense with the air passage
at one side of the oven, and make the divisions in the bottom air space suitable to
convey the heated air through the same and into the chimney, as before described.
My Invention also relates to improvements upon that part of a former Invention
described with respect to Figures 10 to 22 of the Specification of Letters Patent
- granted to me dated February 19, 1879, No. 6G8, and consists of the application of
means whereby I simplify and cheapen the construction. For this purpose I form
the lamp stove casing with a passage at the back or on each side, extending from
top to bottom thereof.
The said passage or passages are open at the top to the space under the water
tank of a heating apparatus, say; of a forcing frame, and are open at the bottom to
the outer air. A falso bottom is fixed in the lamp stove casing, and the space under
such false bottom is by suitable perforations open to the outer air, and by perfora-
tions in the fulse bottom it is also in communication with the interior of the lamp
stove casing to support combustion. Any suitable description of tank and burner
can be placed inside the lamp stove casing, which latter is connected to the frame-
work under the water tank in any suitable manner with the top thereof a short
listance below the under side of the water tank; thus the air to support combus-
tion enters by perforations into the space under the false bottom of the lamp stove
casing, and the products of combustion, after circulating underneath the water tank
of the heating apparatus, descend therefrom through the back or side passages of
the lamp stove casing into the open air.
My Invention also relates to improvements in means for heating water for baths
and for other purposes. In carrying this part of my Invention into effect I employ
burners and means for sealing off the air below the cone plate from that above
similar to those hereinbefore described; or I employ any of the flat wick burners
and sealing arrangements shown and described in the Specifications of former
Letters Patent granted to me dated September 2, 1872, No. 2604; March 13, 1874,
No. 920; November 29, 1875, No. 4137; July 11, 1876, No. 2813; February 19,
1879, No. 668. The heater consists of a vessel or lamp stove, which is placed
within the water to be heated, and rests on the bottom of the bath or other vessel,
but the upper edge of which is above the water. Across a portion of the heater I
fix a number of flat or other shaped tubes, the outer ends of which are open to the
water in the bath.
And in order to secure circulation of the water through such tubes I fix them in
an inclined position, or I fix them horizontally and place over one end of them a
hood or guard extending below them into the colder water. I form the heater
vessel with a space in front of the burner or burners, and circulating tubes large
enough to enable the burners and tank to be easily introduced and withdrawn from
the heater. The burners and tank are provided with a handle, sufficiently long to
prevent inconvenience in use, and such handle I form flat, and cause to rest against
one of the water tubes of the heater in order that any heat absorbed by the handle

page_text: might in turn be given off to the water in the said tube. I also, in order to enable
a view of the flame to be obtained whilst the heater is in use, fix to the heater case
in suitable position a tube, by looking through which a view of the flame can be
readily obtained. My Invention also relates to means whereby lamps and lamp
casings may be packed in a smaller space than heretofore in order to facilitate
transport. For this purpose I form the head of the lamp or lamp casing capable of
being readily separated from the body thereof, and in order to obtain sufficient
strength in the parts I angle or turn over the metal at the upper part of the body
of the lamp or lamp casing, and fix nuts thereto. I also angle or turn over the
edge of the lamp head or top plate, and I form holes therein to correspond with the
nuts to enable the parts readily to be connected and disconnected when desired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Alexander Rippingille in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th August 1880.
EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE, of Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and
of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP
STOVES, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH DESCRIPTION OF STOVES."
The Invention has for its object improvements in lamps and lamp stoves, and in
the application of such description of stoves.
My Invention relates, firstly, to improvements in burners for lamps and lamp stoves,
and parts connected therewith, whereby whilst sufficiently separating the air space
below the cone plate from that above I also obtain economy of space, simplicity
of parts, and reduction in cost of production, and I am also enabled to slide the
tank and burner readily into and out of position. This part of my Invention is
illustrated at Figures 1 to 11, of which Figure 1 represents a front view, Figures 2
and 3 two vertical sections taken at right angles to each other, and Figure 4 a
plan of a lamp stove with this part of my Invention applied thereto; Figure 5 is a
plan, and Figure G a side view of the oil tank and parts carried thereby ; Figures 7
and 8 are cross sections drawn at right angles to each other of a modification; and
Figure 9 is a cross section of another modification; and Figures 10 and 11 aro
respectively a plan and cross section showing the oil tank pivotted so as to cause
it to travel into and out of position in a circular path.
a is the upper part or body of a lamp or lamp stove; b is the bottom of a lamp
stove, or it may be the division plate of a lamp or lantern; c is the oil tank; d is
the wick tube; and e is the cone.
According to this part of my Invention I employ a lower or flatter cone e than
that usually adopted, and I fix the cone e, as has heretofore been proposed, to the
plate b forming the bottom of a lamp stove, or the division plate of a lamp or
lantern, to separate the interior of the lamp or lantern from the tank c.
I do not carry the wick tube d up into the cone, as hitherto adopted, but I
make the top of the wick tube d to stand a short distance below the cone plate b,

page_text: thereby enabling the tank c and burner to be readily run into position in the lamp
or lamp stove; and in order to seal the air space above the cone plate 6 from that
below, and thereby compel the air to support combustion to pass through the per-
forated plate d¹ fixed to the wick tube d, I, according to one plan, as shown at
Figures 1 to 6, form such perforated plate d' concave on its upper surface, or
form such perforated plate flat, as heretofore, and fix around it strips of metal, or I
raise the top of the frame usually surrounding the perforated plate d', as will be
woll understood, so as to bring the upper edges thereof above the wick tube d,
and in contact with the under surface of the cone plate b; and in order to ensure
the wick tube & being correctly placed in relation to the cone I prefer to bend
down the sides and back end of the cone plate b, as shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, or I
fix depending strips of metal e thereto, or to the plate b, as shown at Figure 9, so
that when sliding the oil tank c into position the perforated plate d', or the frame
surrounding the same, shall fit within the said depending strips, in which latter
case a vertical plate , see Figure 8, will be fixed to the perforated plate d', or to
other convenient part, to seal the opening through which tho wick tube is passed;
the parts may, however, be otherwise guided, for instance, as shown at Figure 7;
the oil tank c may be made accurately to fit the base of the lamp or lamp stove, or
may be otherwise guided.
Instead, however, of forming the perforated plate d, or the frame around the
same, as above described, to fit against the under surface of the cone plate b, the
perforated plate d', or a plate carried thereby, may be caused to project beyond
and fit underneath the strips or projections e¹ depending from the cone plate b, as
shown at Figures 7, 8, and in such case the perforated plate d' or the frame around
the same would also carry a vertical plate d to seal the opening through which
the wick tube & was passed.
In Figures 10 and 11 I have shewn the oil tank c pivotted at cl, whereby it is
caused to travel in a circular path into and out of position instead of guiding it to
travel in a right line.
I would here remark that the improved burners herein before described may be
applied to various forms of lamp stoves.
My Invention relates, secondly, to improvements in kitchener lamp stoves pro-
vided with an oven in the centre or on one side thereof, and with seats for
culinary vessels on either or both sides of the oven, or partly or entirely over the
same.
In such descriptions of lamp stove as hitherto constructed sufficient heat has not
been obtained in the lower part of the oven, consequently the oven has not
usually been made sufficiently tall for cooking joints or dishes one above another,
and this part of my Invention consists of means whereby a taller oven than has
been heretofore generally adopted may be employed and suitably heated, whilst at
the same time a sufficient heat is obtained for the culinary vessels.
This part of my Invention is shown at Figures 12 to 18, of which Figure 12
a vertical longitudinal section; Figure 13 is a plan partly in section, and
Figure 14 is a cross section on the line 1, 1, of Figure 13, of a kitchener lamp
stove provided with an oven in the centre, and with a scat for culinary vessels
on each side thereof; and Figure 15 is a section showing a slight modification.
In carrying this part of my Invention into effect the top of the oven and the
seats for the side culinary vessels may be on a line with each other or thereabouts
as will be readily understood, or the top of the oven f may be raised above the
scats g for the culinary vessels, and the side burners h may be lower than the
bottom of the oven f, as shown at Figures 12, 13, 14, or such side burners may
be raised above the bottom of the oven f, as shewn at Figure 15, and according to
this part of my Invention I cause, as shown at Figures 12, 13, and 14, some of the
products of combustion from the side burner or burners h to pass by suitable flues i
down a portion of one side of the oven f, then underneath the same by a flue ¿¹,
whence they rise on the same side into the flue to a greater height than that
at which they entered the flues i, and then pass, with the other products of

page_text: combustion over the top of the oven by a flue ³, whence they may escape into the
open air directly, or they may first act upon a culinary vessel placed on a suitable
seat over the oven, as will be well understood.
Or instead of passing first down a portion of one side of the oven and then
underneath, as above described, a portion of the products of combustion may, by
dispensing with the division plate it, be caused to pass directly underneath the
oven.
Division plates j are fixed within the body of the stove at suitable distances from
each side burner to prevent the radiation and consequent waste of heat from the
front, back, and sides of the stove.
In some cases I dispense with the burners and with the scat for culinary.
vessels on one side of the oven f, but otherwise adopt the arrangements above
described.
Instead however of causing that part of the products of combustion which
heats the bottoin of the oven to pass to a flue on the same side of the oven,!
the flue space under the oven may be divided by a longitudinal division, so as to
cause the products of combustion employed to heat the bottom of the oven to
enter a flue i¹, and thence to cross to the opposite side of the oven, where they
enter a flue i² and 'pass away with the other products of combustion, as will be
readily understood.
At Figure 15 I have represented a modification in the form of the kitchener lamp.
stove whereby I reduce the size thereof; this I effect by slightly lowering the top
of the oven f, and by bringing the seats for the culinary vessels partly over the
top of the oven f, in which case I employ deflectors,, to cause some of the
products of combustion of the side burners to pass first over the top of the oven
and then under the culinary vessels.
เ
In lamp stoves in which a chimney 7 passes through the body of the oven ƒ at
one or both sides of the latter, or the chimney is formed against the side of the
oven, I obtain suflicient heat at the bottom of the oven in the following manner:-
According to the arrangement represented at Figures 16 and 17 I apply all over
the bottom of the oven fat a short distance therefrom a lining or false bottom ƒ¹,
and where two chimneys are used 1 divide the space under such lining into two
parts by a division f" extending from end to end thereof; each of these spaces is
open at one end to the interior of the oven f, and at the other end communicates
with the lower part of one of the chimneys 4, the one space communicating with
the chimney on one side of the oven f, the other communicating with the opposite
chimney 1, and at each side of the oven f I apply a lining so as to form an air
passage between it and the side of the oven f, which air space is at the lower part
thereof open to the outer air and at the upper part communicates with the interior
of the oven. By these means some of the outer air passes through the side passages
into the interior of the oven, being heated on its way, and is then drawn through
the spaces at the bottom of the oven finto the chimneys l, where it passes away
with the products of combustion. In the arrangement represented at Figure 18
the space at the bottom of the oven is not completely divided by a partition
extending entirely across the same, but has division or deflecting plates f* extending
only partly across such space, whereby the heated air coming from a side space f¹
enters the space at the bottom of the oven, but instead of passing entirely across
the same it turns around the division or deflector f and enters the chimney or
flue on the same side of the oven as that at which such air entered.
Where only one chimney is employed I dispense with the air passage f¹ at one
side of the oven, and make the division f in the bottom air space similar to one of
those shown at Figure 18, so as to convey the heated air through the same and
into the chimney 1, as before described. This arrangement may also be adopted in
other descriptions of lamp stoves provided with only one chimney L.
My Invention also relates to improvements upon that part of a former Invention
described with respect to Figures 19 to 22 of the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me dated February 19, 1879, No. 668, and consists in the application of

page_text: means whereby I simplify and cheapen the construction. This part of my
Invention is shown in vertical section at Figure 19, and in sectional plan at
Figure 20 as applied to heating the water tank of a heating apparatus, a modifi-
cation of the same being shown in section at Figure 21, and in end view at
Figure 22 as applied to heating a slate m of a forcing frame.
In carrying this part of my Invention into effect I form the lamp stove casing
with a passage n at the back or on each side, or on all of such parts, extending
from top to bottom thereof. The said passage or passages n is or are open at the
top to the space under the water tank of a heating apparatus, see Figures 19 and 20,
or under a slate m, see Figures 21 and 22, of a forcing frame, and are open at the
bottom to the outer air. A falso bottom o is fixed in the lamp stove casing, and
the space under such false bottom is, by suitable perforations o', open to the outer
air, and by perforations of in the false bottom it is also in communication with the
interior of the lamp stove casing to support combustion.
Any suitable description of tank and burner can be placed inside the lamp stove
casing, which latter is connected to the framework under the water tank p in any
suitable manner, with the top thereof a short distance, say, one inch, below the
underside of the water tank.
Thus the air to support combustion enters by the perforations o' into the space
under the false bottom o of the lamp stove casing, and according to the arrange-
ment shown at Figures 19 and 20, the products of combustion after circulating
underneath the water tank p of the heating apparatus descend therefroin through
the passage or passages n of the lamp stove casing into the open air.
According to the modification represented at Figures 21 and 22, the stove is
fixed in the end of the heating frame, and the products of combustion are caused
to circulate underneath a slate m by being conveyed through a pipe q, which is
perforated along the top thereof to permit some of the products of combustion
to escape therefrom at intervals; then after circulating underneath the slate m
the products of combustion escape by the passage or passages n into the open
air.
My Invention also relates to improvements in means for heating water for baths
and for other purposes, and consists of a vessel or lamp stove to be placed within
the water to be heated.
This part of my Invention is represented in vertical longitudinal section at
Figure 23, in cross section at Figure 24, and in plan at Figure 25. At Figure 26
I have shown a slight modification, and at Figure 27 I have shown a more powerful
heater than those shown in the previous Figures, which is provided with burners at
each end thereof.
In carrying this part of my Invention into effect I employ burners and means
for scaling off the air below the cono plate from that above, similar to those
herein before described; or I employ any of the flat wick burners and sealing
arrangements shown and described in the Specifications of former Letters Patent
granted to me, dated September 2, 1872, No. 2604; March 13, 1874, No. 920;
November 29, 1875, No. 4137; July 11, 1876, No. 2813; February 19, 1879,
No. 668.
The heater consists of a vessel or lamp stover which is placed within the water
to be heated, and rests on the bottom of the bath or other vessel, but the upper
edge of which is above the water. Across a portion of the heater I fix a number
of flat or other shaped tubes s, the outer ends of which are open to the water in
the bath; and in order to secure circulation of the water through such tubes, I
either fix them horizontally and place over one end of them a hood or guard t
extending below them into the colder water, as in the arrangement represented at
Figures 23, 24, and 25, or 1 fix them in an inclined position, as shown at Figure 26.
I form the heater vessel with a space in front of the tank c and burner or
burners, and circulating tubes's large enough to enable the tank c and burners to
be readily introduced and withdrawn from the heater. The burners and tank are
provided with a handle v, which is simply an extension of the scaling up plate, and

page_text: is sufficiently long to prevent inconvenience in use, and such handle. I form flat
and cause to rest, as shown, against one of the water tubes 8 of the heater in order
that any heat absorbed by the handle may in turn be given off to the water in the
said tubo s. I also, in order to enable a view of the flame to be obtained whilst the
heater is in use, fix to the heater case or vessel r in suitable position a tube w, by
looking through which a view of the flaine can be readily obtained. A moveable
chimney is employed to facilitate the draft, and at the same time permit of the
cleansing of the spaces between the tubes a when required.
I would here remark that I do not claim the means described in my Provisional
Specification for obtaining a large oven, and heating the bottom of the same by a
burner or burners placed underneath, nor do I claim the means therein described
for enabling lamps and lamp casings to be packed in a smaller space than heretofore,
as it is doubtful whether such claims could be maintained.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode in
which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is,―
First. The means whereby the tank and wick tube are enabled to be slidden
under a fixed cone and the air passages sufficiently sealed, substantially as herein
shown and described in respect to Figures 1 to 11.
Second. Heating the bottoms of ovens placed at the side of a burner or burners,
or between two or more burners at each side thereof, by causing some of the
products of combustion to pass through a flue or flues underneath the oven, and
thence away through the flue or flues with the other products of combustion, sub-
stantially as described with respect to Figures 12 to 15.
Third. Heating the bottoms of ovens by causing atmospheric air to be heated by
passing through a passage at one or both sides of the oven, thence into the interior
of the oven, and through passages or flues formed in the bottom thereof, whence
the heated air after having heated the bottom of the oven passes away through the
flue or flues with the products of combustion, substantially as shown and described
with respect to Figures 16, 17, and 18.
Fourth. Forming lamp stoves with inlet and outlet passages, arranged sub-
stantially as shown and described with respect to Figures 19 to 22 and for the
purpose stated.
Fifth. The improved heater for baths, substantially as shown and described with
respect to Figures 23 to 27.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Alexander Rippingille, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
AT VR
Nairr Tמתנע