Improvements in and relating to Radiators.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th May, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 19th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 16th Apr., 1898
Improvements in and relating to Radiators.
I, JUSTIN JULIEN LOUIS COURTOT, of Dole, Jura Department, in the Republic
of France, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:-
My invention has for its object an apparatus for regulating and controlling the
heat given off by a steam stove or radiator, without changing the system of ad-
mission of steam into the said stove or radiator.
This apparatus is essentially composed of two distinct parts as follows:
1. One or more curtains made of a suitable material, such as wool, silk, cotton,
cellulose, asbestos, metal, or the like carried by a case able to contain them and
which forms the top or cap of the radiator. The said curtains being operated
either separately or simultaneously in any suitable manner, so as to cover at will
either wholly or partially each of the faces of the radiator.
2. One or more registers placed on the top or at the sides of the case or cap in
such a manner as to either intercept, regulate, or leave a free passage to the air,
which, after becoming heated by contact with the walls of the radiator, rises and
occupies the space to be warmed by the stove or radiator; the said register or
registers may be of any suitable type, whether sliding hinged, or not, and be
placed at any point of the radiator, as the case may be.
My regulating apparatus, with its curtains and registers, will form in general
a whole which is entirely distinct from the radiator, so as to be able to fit any
sort of stove or radiator, and in the same way as a cap or cover. However, the
fittings for the curtains and registers may be provided when making the radiator.
On the radiator of any well-known type, in which steam circulates, I place or
fix a case, cover, or cap, comprising two parts connected together. The inner wall
of said case being preferably provided with a coating or lining which is a bad
conductor. The said cover or cap may be made of metal, or fibre, or of a suitable
composition which is practically a non conductor.
Within the said cover, and an each side, are placed two rotatory rollers on
which are mounted curtains intended to form screens for the radiation of the heat
of the stove.
Each of the rollers carries a bevelled pinion at one of its ends, the two pinions
are constantly in gear with corresponding pinions, fixedly mounted on the cross
shaft, which is free to turn in bearings in brackets, integral with the cap. With
this arrangement, the two rollers turn simultaneously in the same direction, so
that the curtains or screens fall or rise at the same time.
up
The spring-box, placed at the free end for one of the rollers, provides, by means
of the detent of its spring, for the curtains being automatically drawn when the
pusher-button is acted upon, the said pusher-button releasing the retaining pawl,
in a well-known manner and as in blinds for car-windows and the like.
The sliding register is arranged in the horizontal top of the regulating cap.
When put in contact with the walls of the stove, it allows of the circulation of the
air being reduced, and, on the other hand, by opening the register when the cur-

page_text: tains or screens are fully drawn down, an active draught is determined, which
draught causes a rapid rise in the temperature of the room or other enclosed space.
By drawing down the curtains or screens more or less and by operating the
register in a suitable manner, one can increase or diminish the quantity of steam
condensed in a given time in the radiator, and, consequently, increase or diminish
to the same extent the heat given off by the radiator, whereby the temperature of
the room or other space in which the radiator is placed may be regulated at will,
and that without having to vary the heating surface of the radiator, nor the section
of admission of the steam, nor the pressure or the quantity of steam in the radiator
without having to modify the system of admission of steam into the heating
apparatus.
This regulating apparatus offers the advantages of being simple, cheap, and safe,
and of being worked by anybody. Lastly, the system as a whole contributes to
put the radiator more in harmony with the furniture of the room. I may also
arrange the different parts of my regulating apparatus in any other way than
that herein before described; for instance I may render independent the move-
ments of the two curtain carrying rollers, or fit between the said rollers spur
gearing, a belt, or the like. In case cylindrical gearings be employed each of
these gearings will be fixed (wedged) on the corresponding roller and the two
will be joined by an endless chain with cross ribs. The chain and its two pinions
may be replaced by a simple transverse pulley belt. The spring-box may also be re-
placed by any other device suitable for drawing up the curtains; a spiral spring
may, for instance, be placed directly in one of the rollers. Lastly, the curtains
may, in being drawn down, be brought to a stop by any other well-known device,
such as a rack or the like.
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101
1007
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
improvements in and relating to Kadiators.
I, JUSTIN JULIEN LOUIS COURTOT, of Dole, Jura Department, in the Republic
of France, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object an apparatus for regulating the heat given off
by a steam-stove or radiator, without changing the system of admission of steam
into the said stove or radiator.
This apparatus is essentially composed of two distinct parts:
1. One or more curtains made of a suitable material, such as wool, silk, cotton,
cellulose, asbestos, metal, or the like, carried by a case able to contain them and
which moveably forms the top or cap of the radiator, the said curtain or curtains
being operated either separately or simultaneously in any suitable manner, so as
to cover at will either wholly or partially each of the faces of the radiator.
2. One or more registers placed on the top or at the sides of the case or cap
and arranged in such a manner as to either regulate or intercept the passage to
the air, which, after becoming heated by contact with the walls of the radiator,
rises and expands in the space to be warmed by the stove or radiator; the said
register or registers may be of any desired type, whether sliding hinged or not,
and be placed at any point of the radiator, as the case may be.
My regulating apparatus, with its curtains and registers, will form preferably

page_text: a whole which is entirely distinct from the radiator, so as to be able to fit any
kind of radiating stove and in the same way as a cap or cover. However, the
fittings for the curtains and registers may be provided when making the radiator.
In the accompanying drawing, I have shown one mode of construction for my
regulating apparatus forming a removeable cap for the radiator.
Figure 1 is an end view of a radiator with its regulating apparatus (shown in
section);
Figure 2 is a front sectional elevation of Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is view partly in horizontal section and partly in plan of the radiator.
On a radiator of any well-known type a in which steam circulates and for ex-
ample in a radiator composed of cast pieces or sections joined to one another I
place or fix a case, cover, or cap made two parts b and c connected together: The
inner wall is preferably provided with a coating or lining which is a bad conductor.
The said cover or cap may be made of metal, or fibre, or of a suitable composition
which is not very sensitive to heat.
Within the said cover, and at each of the large sides, are placed two rollers f
and f on which are mounted curtains g and g¹, intended to form screens for the
radiation of the heat of the stove.
The rollers ff¹³, on which the curtains are mounted may be moved towards or
away from each other in any manner. They may also be independent the one
from the other.
Each of the rollers may, for example, as shown carry a pinion h or h¹ at one of
its ends, the two pinions h h¹ are connected to one another by a small pitch chain i,
which enables the two rollers to turn simultaneously in either direction, so that
the curtains or screens fall or rise at the same time.
I can likewise use, in combination with the pitch chain which connects the two
rollers, blind rollers with interior springs, because these can be bought very cheaply.
The system may be of any known kind used for carriage blinds, the rollers being
connected with one another otherwise than by a pitch chain, as for example, by
a suitable arrangement of bevel wheels, or by belting or the like.
Finally, the rollers may be entirely independent of one another and each worked
by a crank.
The descent of the curtains g g¹ may be stopped by any suitable means.
The sliding register 9 shown in the drawing, is arranged in the top of the regu-
lating cap. It allows of the circulation of the air in contact with the walls of the
stove to be reduced, and, on the other hand, by opening the register when the
curtains or screens are fully drawn down, an active draught is caused, which
draught causes a rapid rise in the temperature of the room.
By drawing down the curtains or screens g g¹ more or less and by operating the
register in a suitable manner, I may increase or diminish the rapidity of the cur-
rent of air surrounding the radiator and consequently the quantity of steam con-
densed per unit of time in the radiator. I can thus increase or diminish to the
same extent the heat given off by the radiator, whereby the temperature of the
room in which the radiator is placed may be regulated at will, and that without
having to vary the heating surface of the radiator, the section of admission, the
pressure or the quantity of steam in the radiator; in a word without having to
modify the system of admission of steam into the heating apparatus.
If the register is closed when raising the curtains, the radiator heats by radiation;
this ability to change the manner of heating in a radiator is very appreciable
when persons in proximity to this radiator do or do not desire to obtain from it
the radiated heat. Independently of the two extremes of change by which heat
is produced by circulation of the air or by radiation, the two modes of heating
may be combined, as desired, and, moreover, regulate the heat given by the radi-
ator.
This regulating apparatus offers the advantages of being simple, cheap, and safe,
and of being adapted to be worked by anybody. Lastly, the system as a whole
contributes to place the radiator more in harmony with the furniture of the room
or the like.

page_text: When I state that a register is placed in the movable case or cap of the appara-
tus I intend that it should comprise any means accomplishing the same end and
comprising one or more registers placed on the top or on the side face or faces
of the said case, or even on the top and on the side face or faces of the said case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. An apparatus for regulating the heat given off by a stove or radiator heated
by steam and which comprises essentially a case, cover, or cap, in two connected
parts b and c which cap is placed fixed or preferably movable on the top of the
radiator a to cover it; one or two rotatory rollers f and f¹, placed in the said cap,
connected together or not by gearing, and on which are wound or unwound two
curtains g and g, which, on being drawn down, cover more or less the faces of the
radiator, and which are automatically drawn up by the action of a suitable spring-
or by hand by a crank; and finally a register q, slidingly or otherwise, arranged
on the upper face of the said movable top or cap; this apparatus being charac-
terised chiefly by the combination of curtains or screens and of an upper register,
which distinguishes it from those in which one or other of these parts, register or
curtain alone is used, substantially as above described.
2. In the apparatus for regulating the heat given out by a stove or radiator,
heated by steam, according to Claim 1, the combination of the curtains or screens
and the register or registers arranged on the upper face or the side face or faces
of the movable top or cap, a combination which completely distinguishes it from
the known kinds of apparatus, and which produces a result technically novel, en-
tirely different from the result obtained with only one or other of these two elements,
registers and curtains, substantially as described.
Dated this 10th dar of Wahmury 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.