IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Boardman, of Pendleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Overlooker, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
-Sealed the 29th January 1853, and dated the 11th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Boardman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th December 1852.
I, THOMAS BOARDMAN, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows: -
My improvements relate chiefly to the construction and arrange-
ment of certain parts of the loom, so as to make the same loom
capable of weaving different qualities of goods, and also different
patterns or designs of fabrics, without incurring the immense trouble,
cost, and loss of time in altering or reconstructing it, when it is
required to alter the pattern of the fabric, to introduce an increased
number of picks, or to change from plain to fancy goods.
I obtain these desirable advantages principally by fixing a section
plate on the side of the loom frame, with a star motion attached, and

page_text: working into a peculiar shaped wheel, with a number of pins in pro-
jection acting on the boxes or segments of the said star motion. By
means of this apparatus I can alter or modify the action of the
treddles, shafts, levers, &c., to an almost unlimited extent, and act
upon any reasonable number that may be required, as well as com-
pletely working the boxing of the shuttle. I work this apparatus of
section plate, &c. from the tappet shaft; a small pinion on the end
of which gives motion to a wheel which communicates motion to the
wheel with pins or projections aforesaid. When I use the Jacquard
apparatus, I work the index from an eccentric from the crank shaft,
instead of working it from the top of the loom as heretofore.
It is presumed the foregoing will be deemed a sufficient description
for a Provisional Specification.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Thomas Boardman in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
THOMAS BOARDMAN, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster
Overlooker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of December,
in the sixteenth year of Her reign, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Boardman, Her
especial licence that I, the said Thomas Boardman, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Boardman, my executors, administrators and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condi-

page_text: tion (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Boardman, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Boardman, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say):
My improvements relate chiefly to the construction and arrange-
ment of certain parts of the loom, by which I make it capable of
weaving different kinds and qualities of goods, and also different
patterns or designs of fabrics, as plain and twilled calicoes, as well
as working the Jacquard and shuttle-box motions, without incur-
ring the immense trouble, great cost, and loss of time in altering or
reconstructing the loom, when required to alter the pattern of the
fabric, to introduce an encreased number of picks, or to change from
plain to fancy goods. I obtain these desirable advantages principally
by placing on the side of the loom frame an indented plate or star
wheel, attached to and worked by a toothed wheel furnished with a
number of pins or projections, acting on the indents of the said star
wheel. By means of this apparatus I can alter or modify the action
of the treddles, shafts, and levers to an almost unlimited extent, and
act upon any reasonable number of thein that may be required, as
well as work the boxing of the shuttle in a more complete and per-
fect manner. I work this section plate, with its accompanying
apparatus, from the crank shaft; a small pinion on the end of which
gives motion to a wheel, which communicates motion to the wheel
with pins or projections aforesaid. When I use the Jacquard appa-
ratus, I work the index from an excentric from the crank shaft,
instead of working it from the top of the loom as heretofore. These
my improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which the same letters of refer-
ence are used to represent similar parts, where different views or
diagrams are shewn.

page_text: Fig. 1, is a front elevation of a loom, shewing my said improve-
ments. Figs. 2, and 3, end views of the same, and Fig. 4, a plan
thereof. a, represents the frame of the loom; b, the fast and loose
pullies; c, the fly wheels; d, the crank shaft; e, the connecting
rods; f, the sword arms; g, the slay or lathe; h, the ordinary
tappet shaft;, the yarn beam, and k, the cloth beam. For the
Jacquard motion, there is an excentric l, on the crank shaft d,
having its rod m, jointed to a lever n, working on a fulcrum at-
tached to the main frame a; towards the end of the lever n, is a
connecting rodo, jointed to a forked lever p, to the ends of which
are jointed the rods 9. for working the Jacquard box. I work the
shuttle box motion as follows: On the crank shaft d, there is a
toothed pinion r, driving the toothed wheel s, furnished at the side
with the pins t, which, in their revolution, enter the indents u, of the
star wheel v, and turn it round; upon a projecting rim of the star
wheel, the cams or patterns w, are fixed, which as they turn raise
and lower the lever x, which works upon the fulcrum y, fixed to the
frame a. To the lever x, is also jointed the connecting rod z, acting
upon the lever 1, turning on its fulcrum 2; at the opposite end to
the fulcrum of the lever 1, is jointed a block 3, to which the lower
parts of the standards or rods 4, are fixed; the upper parts are
fastened to the lower shuttle box 5, thus completing the communi-
cation between the shuttle boxes and the star wheel. The lever a,
is connected at pleasure to the levers or jacks 6, for working the
healds, which method is found to be very convenient, and affords
more scope for variety of pattern; the fulcrum 7, moves in a slide,
and therefore the jacks can be removed from the centre of the loom
when required. I obtain motion to turn the tappets 8, from the
crank shaft d.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of my
said Invention, I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not
confine myself to the exact details hercin set forth, as such may be
varied or modified without departing from the principle thereof;
but I claim as new, and which, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
has not been hitherto used within this realm,-

page_text: Firstly, the mode of working the Jacquard box by the eccentric
s herein described.
Secondly, the mode of working the shuttle boxes with the in-
dented plate, or star wheel, and levers, as herein described; and,
Thirdly, the mode of working the healds by the same wheel and
one lever, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Boardman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of June, One
thousand cight hundred and fifty-three.
THOMAS BOARDMAN. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within named
Thomas Boardman, in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.