IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CONSTRUCTING WOOD SCREWS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and Company,
Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CONSTRUCTING WOOD
SCREWS." A communication from abroad by Albert le Roy Munson, of New
York City. United States of America
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1877.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CONSTRUCTING WOOD SCREWS." A communication from abroad
by Albert Le Roy Munson, of New York City, United States of America.
This Invention relates to that class of machines organised for and adapted to the
manufacture of wood screws of all descriptions. In the present Invention the
machine is entirely automatic in its functions and operations, and produces the
completely finished screw in the one combined machine. It is also so constructed
and arranged that its operating parts can be adjusted to manufacture all of the
various sizes and varities of screws of the class commercially known as "wood
screws.
"
While this organized machine is particularly designed for the manufacture
of wood screws provided in the centre of the heads with an angular cavity in
lieu of or in addition to the usual slot, or with an angular cavity in addition to
the usual slot, it is at the same time capable of making the ordinary wood
screw of commerce, provided with a slot or nick, milled or sawed across the
face of its head; also a screw having centrally in its head a round or conical cavity,
either in connection with or without the usual slot or nick. All of these various
forms of screws are finished up with a tapering screw thread, which terminates in a
gimlet point, as is usual in the case of the ordinary and well-known wood screw.
The machine is perfectly automatic in its operations, and its organization consists
in the combination of various novel devices whereby the said screws are rapidly
produced in a perfect manner from a coil of or any continuous supply of wire.

page_text: The headed
This wire, of the proper gage to form the screw, is fed forward intermittingly the
necessary length or distance to form a screw blank by means of a feeding dog,
which clutches and draws it a specified distance through a straightening device,
and delivers to the action of the heading dies, which are arranged in a peculiar
form of power press. By the action of such dies and power press the usual form of
conical head is then formed upon the end of the wire by upsetting the metal into
the conical recess formed in the face of the dies for that purpose.
The blank upon
which the conical head is formed is severed from the wire by the action of the dies
when closing upon the wire previous to the formation of the head.
blank thus formed is dropped through the press from the dies as they are opened
upon an oscillating shelf or table arranged to receive it. This oscillating table
alternately throws the blanks to the right or left, or either way, as may be desired,
to a slotted carrying trough, which convey them to the action of the other parts
of the machine, on the right and left of the heading press in the case of a double
The headed
machine, or to the right or left alone in case of a single machine.
screw blanks are in turn delivered first to the action of the first shaving and the
drilling devices, the drilling apparatus consisting of a reciprocating rotating drill,
and a rotating clutch or clamping device, which receives, seizes, and holds the
screw blank, while the shaving and drilling takes place. The rotating clutch and the
drill are revolved in opposite directions, which arrangement facilitates the drilling and
shaving operations. The process of drilling and shaving being completed, the screw
blank is released from the grasp of the rotating clutch, and withdrawn therefrom
by a suitable device, on which it rests, and from which it is seized by the first jaws
of a transferring device, which conveys each blank in turn by means of a series of
grasping jaws to the various other operations in the machine, until it reaches the
final operation of thread cutting. This transferring device has a series of adjustable
jaws which are given a series of distinct movements, as follows:-The jaws are first
opened when they rise from their bed to grasp the blanks; they are then moved to
the left a fixed distance, then down, carrying the blanks into suitable seats in the
frames prepared to receive them, the jaws opening as they descend, thus leaving
the blanks in the seats as the jaws fall below them. A movement to the right then
takes place until their first position is reached, when they again rise and seize upon
the blanks, and the previous movements are repeated. This operation trans-
fers the blanks one seat to the left at each movement to the left, and it will be
seen that a number of blanks are thus being continuously carried to the various
operating parts of the machine. The blank is transferred from the drilling and
shaving apparatus to the punching or to the punching and slotting devices, as the
case may be. The transferrer delivers the blank into the jaws of a small power press,
which seizes upon and holds the blank firmly in its position, the conical head
projecting beyond the face of the press. An angular punch is then, by means of
suitable devices, forced into the round hole previously drilled in the blank head.
This action results in displacing the metal and forcing it down into the bottom of
the hole, thus giving it the shape of the punch. The punch is then retired, and the
slot, if the screw head is to have the two combined, is milled or sawed across the face
This slot will be cut
of the head of the blank by a suitably arranged device.
parallel with the squared hole, as the press holds the blank rigidly until the two
operations are completed. The blank is then released and transferred to the device
for reshaving the face and rear of the head, which removes any and all burr or
irregularity left by the action of the punch or saw in the previous operations. The
blank is next transferred to the thread-cutting devices, where the final and finishing
process of cutting the tapering thread is completed.
All of these various devices, the details of their construction, application, combina-
tion, and operation will herein-after be fully pointed out and described.
In the Drawings which form an essential part of this Specification,--
Figure 1 represents a plan view of the heading press and its various attachments.
Figure 2 represents a plan view of the screw machine proper.
Figure 3 is a left-hand end view of the machine as a whole.

page_text: Figure 4 is a right-hand end view of the heading press.
Figure 5 is a plan view of part of the heading press, showing the operation of the
various dies, upsetting punch and stop.
Figure 6 is an end elevation of one of the dies and its seat; Figure 7 is a front
elevation of the same.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the heading press.
Figure 9 also a plan view of the heading press, showing the various attachments
thereto for delivering the headed blanks to the drilling and shaving apparatus;
Figure 10 is a cross section of the same.
Figure 11 is a detached plan view of the apparatus for operating the oscillating
table; Figure 12 is also a detailed view of the same.
Figure 13 is a detached elevation of the drilling apparatus.
Figure 14 is a front elevation of the guides for the levers which operate the
drilling and shaving apparatus.
Figure 15 is a plan view of the transferring apparatus; Figure 16 is a longitu-
dinal sectional elevation of the same; Figure 17 is a cross section of the same, taken
on line 291 in Figure 16; Figure 18 is also a cross section of the same, taken on
line 292 in Figure 16.
Figure 19 is an enlarged transverse section of the transferring apparatus and its
operating levers.
Figure 20 is an enlarged longitudinal section of the transferring apparatus showing
the operating parts in detail.
Figure 21 is a detached enlarged view of the transferring jaws removed from the
casing.
Figure 22 is also an enlarged view of the same, having a portion of the carrying
frames removed; Figure 23 is a cross section of the same taken on line 75, in
Figures 21 and 22.
Figure 24 is a side elevation of the punching and slotting devices.
Figure 25 is a side elevation of the reshaving apparatus and its various operating
parts.
Figures 26 and 27 are detached views of the reshaving apparatus showing the
details of its operation.
Figure 28 is a front view, partly in section, taken on the line 290 in
Figure 26.
Figure 29 is an enlarged detached plan view of the screw-threading apparatus.
Figure 30 is a front elevation of the screw-threading apparatus.
Figure 31 is a detached sectional view of the cam and levers which govern the
longitudinal movement of the screw thread cutters; Figure 32 is a detached side
view of the same.
Figure 33 is a longitudinal sectional elevation taken centrally through one of
the screw-threading devices and its adjuncts; Figure 34 is a side elevation of the
same.
Figure 35 is a front view, partly in section, similar to that shown in Figure 31,
but showing the double apparatus.
Figure 36 is a sectional elevation showing the arrangement of gearing for driving
the various parts of the screw threaders.
Figure 37 is a detached view showing the method of driving by a step-by-step
motion the cams and levers that control the devices for tapering the blank while
the screw thread is being cut thereon.
Figure 38 is a detached view of the cam arranged for governing the thread
cutters during the process of thread cutting.
Figure 39 is a plan view shewing the entire combination of devices aggregated
as a whole.
This Drawing, owing to the closeness of the lines, is not lettered, all its various
parts being designated in detail in the various detached views.
The same letters of reference found in the various Drawings will indicate and
locate corresponding parts.

page_text: The machine, which is illustrated in the Drawings, consist, as previously stated,
of a combination or union of various instrumentalities or apparatus, each one of
which performs its functions and operation in rotation, that is to say, the screw
blank is first formed by one operation, and thence carried from one apparatus to
the other by means of a suitable and peculiarly constructed transferring device,
until it is finally discharged from the machine in the form of a perfect and
finished screw.
In the construction of the machine, the heading press may be located between
two screw machines, delivering the blanks alternately to the right and left to such
machines, or one screw machine alone may be used. Both of these arrangements
are shown in the Drawings and will be fully described.
In some cases the machine may be divided into two parts, the screw machine
proper forming one, and the heading press the other. This is a matter of con-
venience in manufacture, and the common practice in the present manufacture of
screws. I therefore propose to use the machine in the various forms as stated, all
of which will be fully detailed in this Specification.
In describing the construction and operation of this machine, the various devices
up consecutively
and apparatus forming the complete organized machine will be taken
and described in detail, showing both their exact operation as a part of the union and
as used when detached therefrom.
The heading press consists of certain devices arranged to deliver the wire from
which the screw blank is to be formed to the action of suitably arranged dies which
sever the wire, and upon the forward end of the portion severed from the usual
conical head by upsetting, of a device for gaging the length of the blank to be cut
from the wire. It has also attached a device for straightening the wire and feeding
it at the same time to the forming and cutting dies; also with a receiving and
delivering table arranged beneath the dies to catch the severed blank as it falls
therefrom, this table being arranged to tip alternately to the right and left, delivering
a blank each time into an inclined slotted conveying trough, which conveys the
blanks and delivers them to the screw machine proper for its action thereon. This
In case a single
arrangement is used only in case the machine is a double one.
machine is used, the oscillating table would be detached or omitted, and the headed
blanks discharged directly from the press into the conveying trough.
In case the heading press is entirely detached from the screw machine and simply
used as a means of heading the blanks, the blanks may be fed into a hopper and
thence conveyed by the same form of carrying trough to the screw machine. The
heading press illustrated is, in all its operating parts, made adjustable, so that it
may be used to manipulate any gage of wire and turn out headed blanks of various
lengths and sizes.
The entire combined machine is shewn as a whole in Figure 39, but owing to the
complex and compact character of the Drawing and the closeness of the lines,
this view is unlettered. It is also shown in enlarged views in Figures 1 and 2,
in which the heading press and the screw machine proper are separately shown.
In the description of the heading press, particular attention is directed to the
view shown in Figures 1 and 3 to 12, both inclusive. A designates the bed of the
entire machine, upon which is arranged all of the various devices composing its
organization; B are the legs and frame upon which the bed A is supported; they
also serve as the frame in which certain shafts are mounted carrying pulleys, from
which power
is communicated, by means of belts, to certain parts of the machine.
A designates the frame and bed of the heading press, in which are arranged and
operated the forming and cutting dies, punches, and stops, by means of which the
wire is manipulated into shape. To this bed and frame the wire straightening and
feeding devices are attached; likewise the oscillating table and its operating parts.
The bed A' is also provided with suitable legs, by means of which it is securely
bolted to bed A of the machine. At its rear it is provided with suitable boxes and
bearings, in which is mounted a main driving shaft C which carries the driving
pulleys and balance wheel, and power may be communicated therefrom by means of

page_text: suitable gearing or belts to the driving shafts D² of the screw machine proper. It
also carries the cams and eccentrics, by means of which the levers, dies, &c., of the
heading press are operated. a and a' are the heading dies, the arrangement of
which is shown best in Figures 5, 6, and 7. They have formed in the inner face of
cach, one half of the recess a through which the wire passes, and at their front face.
in each is formed one half of the conical shaped recess a³, into which the end of the
wire is to be upset to form the conical head of the screw bank.
The die a¹ is mounted in a suitable recess formed to receive it in the stand a¹¹,
which is securely embedded in its seat in the frame A¹ by means of a screw or
bolt as, and thus becomes a fixed die. The corresponding die a is formed in two
parts, a and the cutting die a¹³, which parts or sections are mounted in a stand
or frame a¹, and are secured thereto by means of screws a¹ and a¹. This frame a¹9
is adjusted in ways in the bed A' opposite the die a¹ (see Figure 5), and has imparted
to it a lateral reciprocating motion in order to open and close the recess a⁹ and
bringing the two dies together in the manner as will presently be more fully
described. a10 is an auxilliary cutting die which is secured in place in a dovetailled
recess a¹ in the bed A¹. It has drilled through its centre a hole a¹8 corresponding
with a hole a in the bed A¹, through which the wire is passed to the action of the
dios a, a¹.
The frame or stand a12, in which the dies a, a, are mounted, is recessed at an
angle from the rear, as shown by the dotted lines 100 in Figure 5, and from dotted
line 100 to line 101 in Figure 6. This inclined wedge-shaped recess is for the
purpose of receiving the wedge-shaped end a of a lever a², which receives a recipro-
cating motion at the proper time by means of a cam, No. 1, on the main shaft C.
This wedge-shaped end a20 of the lever a² is provided with an inclined slot a", into
which is entered a pin a provided with a friction roller, which depends from a metal
piece a inserted in a recess cut into the top of the frame a¹ to receive it, and
secured therein by a screw a². It is obvious that if the lever a² is moved forward
it will by reason of its wedge shape pressing against the corresponding face of the
recess in the frame a¹², cause the frame to move to the left, carrying with it the
die a until it closes up against the face of the die a', and that a reversed motion of
the lever will retract the fratne and dies back to its first position, the pin a acting
in the slot a, being the controlling medium in the reverse movement. The normal
position of the dies is as shown in Figure 5. The wire to be manipulated (desig-
nated by the letter 2) is fed forward until its end rests against the stop b, which is
raised into position for that purpose, as will presently be fully explained. The
lever a² is then advanced, forcing the frame a with its attached dies a and a¹³ to
tho left. As it reaches the wire z one half of the diameter thereof enters the
recess a³ in the face of the dies. The movement being continued the cutting edge
of the die a¹s presses against the wire at the point where it protrudes from the
die a¹, and severs the projecting portion which remains in the recess a³, and is
carried therein until the dies a, a¹³, strike the face of the stationary die al when the
other half of the wire is seated therein. The wire z is thus held in the recessed
dies, its rear end resting against the face of die a¹6, its forward end projecting
from the conical recess a³ in and beyond the front face of the dies a, a', ready for
the action thereupon of the upsetting punch; this upsetting punch a' is secured in
the forward end of the lever a³, which is mounted in suitable guides in the frame A¹,
the lever a receiving a reciprocating motion by means of the eccentric cam 2 on
main shaft C; b is the step which is arranged to gage the length of the screw blank,
and also governs the amount of wire left projecting from and beyond the face of the
dies a, a, from which the head of the blank is to be formed by being upset into the
conical recess a³ in the dies a, a¹. This stop is given a rising-and-falling motion in
the guiding frames 61, which are attached to the frame A', as seen best in Figure 8.
This guide frame b' is provided with an extension b³ to the rear, which is fitted into
a dovetailed groove in the frame A'; this not only secures it in position but
permits it to have a reciprocating movement in the dovetailed recess, so that it may
be adjusted to any point within the extent of its motion.

page_text: To the frame A¹ is attached a projecting stud b³, and to the rear end of the rear
extension of guide b' is attached a corresponding stud ; an adjusting screw
bolt 65 is inserted through both ends bs and b, and by its action the frame b¹ is
adjusted to and fro. The stop plate b is raised and lowered at the designated time
by means of the lever A2, which receives it motion from a cam, No. 3, on main
shaft C, the forward end of lever A being forked (see Figure 8) and encircles a
pin which projects to the rear from the stop plate b. The guide frames b' being
recessed permits the lever and pin to operate, the whole arrangement being such as to
allow the changing of the position of the guide frame b', and the stop plate b with-
out the control of the latter by the lever A³ being lost; this form of adjustment is
necessary in order that various sizes and lengths of wire may be headed in the
press.
The
It is of course understood that with each different size of screw blanks that are
to be headed the dies a, a', and a¹ are changed, but the stands or frames all, a¹³,
remain the same, the various sizes of dies fitting therein; c is the feeding dog which
grasps the wire and delivers it forward through a hole a¹ in the bed or frame A¹,
also through a corresponding hole a¹8 in the die a¹ to the position between the
heading dies, as previously described, and as shown in Figure 5; this dog c is
mounted upon a slide c¹, which reciprocates in ways c¹³ formed in a standard or
frame which is attached to the face of the bed or frame A'. The slide c¹ is recipro-
cated by means of an arm or lever c¹ which has its fulcrum in a stand c³, which is
also bolted to the frame of the heading press. The oscillating lever c¹ at its forward
end is slotted in order to receive an operating pin, which depends from the slide c¹4
for that purpose, and its action thereon reciprocates the slide and the dog c.
oscillating lever c¹ is operated by means of a lever C', which reciprocates in guides
c attached to the side of the press bed A¹, the lever C¹ receiving the motion from
a cam, No. 4, on main shaft C. The fulcrum on which the arm c¹ is pivoted and
oscillates is made adjustable, the fulcrum stand and the arm c¹ both being slotted to
enable the fulcrum pin c7 to be advanced or retired for the purpose of giving the
dog c more or less reciprocating motion or play, as may be desired, such adjust-
ment being governed by means of the set screw or bolt c³. Two operating set
screws c¹ and care arranged in the framing attached to the face of the heading
press frame for the purpose of manipulating the dog c, screw c³ causing the dog to
seize upon the wire z, and to retain its hold while the slide c¹ moves forward,
feeding the wire through the press and dies until the dog c strikes set screw c',
which at once releases it from its hold upon the wire, the dog being then retracted
to again repeat the operation. These set screws are readily adjusted so as to govern
the action of the dog at the proper time in grasping and releasing the wire; c is a
stop or clasping device, controlled in its action by means of a spring, and arranged
to permit the wire to pass freely through its fingers during its advance, but any
tendency of the wire to retract is prevented by its fingers or jaws, the peculiar
shape of which by the action of the spring enables it to seize upon the wire at the
slightest retrogade movement.
The wire-straightening device consists of a series of small grooved pulleys d, d¹,
arranged in bearings in a suitable framing De, attached to the face of the bed A'.
Such pulleys are also provided with adjustable pivots and set screws d³, so that
they may be easily changed and adjusted for manipulating various sizes of wires.
This arrangement, being a matter of common use, needs no detailed description
herein.
The oscillating or tipping table, and the arrangement of the various attachments
for operating it, are shown in Figures 1, 8, 9, and 10, while the details of construc-
tion are shown more plainly in Figures 10, 11, and 12. e is the table; its position
when ready for use is directly below the framing dies, so that it will receive upon
its surface the headed screw blanks as they are delivered from the dies. All of the
operating parts are arranged in the frame e', which is bolted to the under side of the
frame A of the press, and so applied thereto that the entire apparatus can be removed
as a whole when so desired.

page_text: Referring particularly to Figures 9, 11, and 12, e 1s a shaft which is sustained in
position in a bearing es (see Figure 8) attached to the bed A¹ of the press, and upon
its forward end the table e is mounted and supported in position. fand f¹ are two
longitudinal reciprocating pieces or slides, which are seated in a recess cut for that
purpose in the top of the frames e¹, the forward end of each being bevelled in the
shape of a wedge, as shown; they are retained in their seat in the frame e¹ by
means of a cap f" applied over them at the rear end of the frame, and under which
they slide; is another sliding piece arranged in the forward end of the frame e¹,
and has imparted to it a lateral reciprocating motion. It has a projecting base,
which is inserted in a groove cut in the bed of the frame e¹ for that purpose. Both
its ends are bevelled to correspond with the bevels on the ends of the sides fand f¹.
It is provided centrally with an opening f, through which a pin f³ is projected,
this pin being attached to the rear end of the shaft e. It is obvious that as the
slide f is moved laterally it necessarily moves the pin f³, which communicates an
oscillating motion to the shaft e², thereby causing the table e attached thereto to tip
to the right or left, as the case may be. The levers f and f¹ are alternately advanced
and retracted, and by such movement the inclined faces fa press against the corre-
sponding inclined faces of the slide f³, moving it to the right and left alternately.
Near the rear ends of slides f, f', there is cut on their inner sides wedge-shaped
recesses f6, through which a pin projects, and in which it alternately plays. A
reciprocating lever f8 is adjusted in a groove in the guide frame 15 attached under-
neath and to frame e'. Across this lever is cut a groove or slot f 16 (see Figure 12),
in which is inserted a slide ₤17, and to this slide the pin f' is permanently attached.
A recess 18 is cut in the frame s¹, in which to permit the pin to reciprocate, its
width being sufficient to permit a lateral play also. The two slides f, f', are con-
nected together at their forward ends by means of an oscillating lever fº, which
has its central pivot in, and it also operates in a recess f¹ cut in the bottom of the
frame e' for that purpose. Both ends of the lever fare provided with slots, in
which the pins 20, attached to the sides f, f¹, enter and play. This is for the
purpose of communicating the motion imparted to one slide to the other; thus
as the slide f advances, it, through the oscillating lever fº, causes the slide f to
retract.
1
Referring to Figures 9 and 12, the lever f³ is given a forward motion by means of
a shaft or pin f10, which projects down from oscillating arm c¹, and strikes against
the end of lever f8. The arm c¹ is the same lever that operates the wire-feeding
dog c, as previously described. Its reverse or return motion is given by means of a
spiral spring f, which encircles the forward end of lever f8, as shown in Figures 8
and 12. The extent of the forward movement of lever f³ is adjusted and controlled
by means of the set screw f12; the position of the slides f and f' being as shewn in
Figure 11, the shaft f8 being advanced, the pin f' in the recess fe in the slide f¹
causes such slide to move forward until the slide f³ is forced over to the right, the
slide f retiring in unison with the forward movement of the slide f¹. As soon as
the movement of lever f8 is completed the spring f" returns it to its first position,
and as the pin f7 comes opposite the recess fe in the slide fit is, by means of the
pressure against it of the slide f¹, forced into the recess f" in the slide f, and the
first-described movement of the shaft f again takes place, operating upon the
slide fin a similar manner, throwing the slide fƒ³ to the left.
11
The pressure of the slides f, f¹, towards each other is obtained by means of two
flat springs f inserted between the outer sides of the slides and the inner wall of
the recess in frame e¹, the forward ends of the springs being seated in the frame in
order to secure them in position. The pin f7 has lateral play in the two elongated
recesses, being changed from one to the other, as described, by the shifting of the
slide f¹, in which the pin is mounted in the groove of the shaft f8.
The operation of the heading press and its various attachments upon the wire,
and the formation of a headed screw blank therefrom, and the delivery of such
blank to the screw machine proper, is substantially as follows:--The wire of the
proper gage from which to form the desired screw blank is supplied from a coil or

page_text: roll in any approved form. The end is passed through the straightening devices
through the jaws of the retaining clutch co to the feeding dog c. Motion being
imparted to the machine the dog c seizes upon the wire s, and, by a forward move-
ment, draws the wire from the coil and through the straightening rolls, and also
sends it forward through an opening at in the frame A¹ of the press, and through a
corresponding opening a¹8 in the die a¹e (see Figures 1, 4, and 5) to the position
between the dies a, a, as shown in Figure 5, its forward end resting against the
stop b. The die a¹ is then moved laterally upon the wire z, cutting it off at the
face of the die a¹, the portion of the wire severed entering the recess a³ therein, and
is carried with the die a¹ until it closes up against the stationary die a, where the
wire is secured in the recess aº in both dies, its rear end resting against the face of
the die a16. During this movement of the die a¹ the stop b is dropped down below
the line of movement of the heading punch at. At the completion of the move-
ment of the die a', as described, the heading die or punch a' is advanced upon the
end of the wire, projecting beyond the face of the dies a, a¹; this movement of the
punch upsets the end of the wire z into the conical recess as formed in the face of
such dies. The punch is then withdrawn to its first position, and the die a' retracted
by means of the lever a² until it reaches its first-described position, the opening of
the dies a, a', releasing the headed blank, which drops down upon the oscillating
table below. The stop in the meantime being raised to its first position the wirez
is then again fed forward by the means described, and another blank formed there-
from. The extent of the movement of the feeding dog c has of course been previously
adjusted, as well as the position of the stop gage b, in order that the proper length
of wire from which to form the blank is assured. As the blank falls from the dies
it is received upon the inclined table e, which throws it (to the right or left, as the
case may be) into the inclined slotted conveying trough F, which is arranged for
that purpose, and secured to the frame A¹ of the press on one or both sides thereof.
The position of the oscillating table e is changed at the same time as the wire
fed forward by the feeding dog c, both being actuated by means of the oscillating
arm c¹, controlled by the action of the lever C¹, as before described. The conveying
trough F, which receives the headed blanks from the heading press, being slotted
in its base, permits the body of the blank to fall through the slot, the head serving
to retain them from escaping therefrom while they pass down the incline by their
own gravity to the end of the trough, from which they are fed one by one to the
action of the screw machine. This carrying trough being a common device in screw
machines calls for no detailed description herein.
is
In case the machine is divided into two separate machines, that is, a heading
machine and a detached screw machine, the inclined trough, as herein shown, may
be used to convey the headed blanks from a hopper to the screw machine, both
being attached thereto, in which case its operation in regard to the blanks is
precisely the same as described.
The screw machine proper, as shown in the Drawings, will be first described
as being applied to the production of screws provided on their heads with an
angular cavity, in addition to the usual slot or nick. The various modifications of
the machine, by means of which it may be adapted to the production of various
other styles of screws, will afterwards be fully set forth. The first operation to
which the headed blank is subjected is the process of shaving the conical head
thereof, in order to remove any roughness or burr left thereon by the dies when
the head was formed, and the process of drilling a round hole in the centre of the
head, which hole is, at another stage in the manufacture of the screw, formed into
an angular cavity. The machine has three main shafts D, D¹, and D2, which are
geared together, as shown in Figure 3, so as to operate in unison. They are con-
nected by suitable gearing to the driving shaft C of the heading press, so that the
combined machines operate together and in unison; or the two machines may be
driven by separate driving belts from one countershaft, arranged above or below
the machine, so that the speed of both machines will be the same; or the heading
press may be driven at a greater speed than the screw machine without interfering

page_text: with the operations of the latter. The plan views of the drilling and shaving
devices are shown best in Figs. 2 and 9, and the elevations in Figures 8, 10, and
14, and to these illustrations attention is particularly directed.
The drilling apparatus consists of two shafts mounted in suitable bearings in
stands bolted to the bed A of the machine, and revolving in opposite directions,
one shaft being provided with a clutch, which receives and holds the headed screw
blank while its head is being drilled and shaved, and is rotated to the right, while
the other shaft revolves to the left and carries the drill. G is a stand bolted to the
bed A of the machine; it has two upwardly projecting arms, in which are formed
the bearings in which the sleeve shaft g is mounted. This shaft g is made in the
form of a sleeve for the purpose of permitting a second shaft g' to be passed through
it, this last-named shaft being provided with a longitudinal slot 92 in its periphery,
in which slot a tongue attached to the sleeve shaft g on its interior plays, thus per-
mitting the shaft g to be freely reciprocated through the shaft g, while both shafts
are revolving together in unison. The sleeve shaft g is driven by a pulley G³
attached to it between the two arms of the stand, and communicating its motion to
the internal shaft g' by means of the tongue which enters the groove or slot g²
therein. This shaft g', at its forward end, is provided with a clamping device g³,
which receives and carries a drill g. To the rear end of the shaft g¹ is attached a
ring g, which is provided centrally with an annular slot, in which the forked arms
g of lever g7 enter and play, permitting the ring to revolve with the shaft, but
at the same time retaining control thereof. This lever g' is provided with an
adjusting slot and fulcrum pin g³, its fulcrum stand G' also being made adjustable
upon the bed A. for the purpose of giving more or less reciprocating motion to the
shaft g', in order that the depth of the hole to be drilled in the head of the blank
may be accurately gaged without any change being necessitated in the cams, or
levers, or connections, no matter what length or size of screw blank is being mani-
pulated. The oscillating lever g' is operated by means of a slide gº, which is
mounted in grooved bearings in the face of the stand G2, which is bolted to the
bed A of the machine, the end of the lever being forked or provided with a slot,
which is applied about a pin inserted in the slide 9. The slide is moved
laterally to the right and left by means of a cam 10 on the main shaft D, into the
operating groove of which a pin g10 projects from the face of the slide in the
stand G, which arrangement is shown distinctly in Figures 2 and 14. The sleeve
shaft g is between the arms of the stand G provided with a pulley G³, which
is driven by means of a belt passing through an opening in the bed A to a pulley
on an auxiliary shaft arranged in bearings in the framing or legs of the
inachine below the bed (see Fig. 3), the motion imparted being to the left. His
a stand bolted to the bed A of the machine, and provided with two upright arms
h, h, in which are formed bearings in which a shaft h¹ is mounted. This shaft h¹
between the arms h, h, is provided with a small driving pulley H¹, which is rotated
to the right by means of a belt, which passes through the bed A to a large driving
pulley arranged on a shaft in the frame B below the bed A. At its forward end it is
provided with a clutch 2, which is arranged to receive the full length of the body of
the screw blank, as is distinctly shown, leaving the conical head thoreof projecting
beyond the face of the clutch. This clutch is provided with two or more clamping
jaws h₁2, which are closed down upon the blank after it is entered therein at the
proper time by means of a sliding ring h³, which encircles the shaft and the
clamping jaws, and is reciprocated thereon, its action closing the jaws h¹² by its
forward movement, and releasing them by its retreat. In the latter movement the
jaws when released are opened by means of suitable springs seated in the body of
the clutch beneath the jaws; or the top of the clamps h¹ may be in the form of a
bow or crescent, and pivoted in the centre, so that the pressure of the ring h³ on
their rear ends will throw them open at the front. This sliding ring is provided
centrally with an annular slot, in which pins * project from the forked arms h on
the end of a lever H, this arrangement permitting the ring h³ to rotate and
reciprocate at the same time without interfering with the operating lever. The

page_text: lever H2 has an adjustable fulcrum stand H³ provided with an adjusting slot and
screw h, so that the extent of the movement of the clamping ring h³ is adjusted to
such points as may be necessary. The lever H2 is given its motion from a slide h',
moving in bearings in a stand H', the slide h' being reciprocated by means of a
pin ho projecting from its rear face, and entering the operating groove in cam 5 on
shaft D, the rear end of the shaft or lever H being slotted or forked, and encircling
a pin attached to the front of the slide h7. i is a stationary guide or rest bolted to
the end of the arm h" attached to the stand H, its top being cut away (see
Fig. 8) to form a seat for the screw blank; is a moveable guide and rest,
which is attached to a slide 2, which is reciprocated in a groove or way formed in
a frame or stand 3, which is attached to the end of the projecting arm of stand G;
its top is also cut away, as in case of fixed guide rest i to form a seat for the screw
blank.
The slide receives its reciprocating motion by means of an oscillating lever I,
the forward end of which is forked or slotted (see Fig. 9), in which slot is
entered a pin 2, which projects from the slide 2. This lever I has an adjusting
fulcrum slot, and an adjusting fulcrum stand I attached to the bed A of the
machine, these adjusting arrangements being such that the extent of motion of the
guide is set at any desired point. The lever I is operated by means of tho rear
end being forked or slotted, which slot or fork encircles a pin in the slide 1%, which
slide reciprocates in grooves in a slide in a stand I³, attached to be bed of the
machine, the slide Is receiving its motion by means of a pin I, which projects to the
rear from the slide, and enters an operating groove in the cam 7 on main shaft D.
The object of these two guides i, i, is to receive in the seats formed in their apexes
the screw blank when it is delivered from the mouth of the conveying trough F,
the fixed guide i holding the point of the blank, and the sliding guide rest the
head, as shown; and as the screw blank is pushed forward into the clamp h² by the
advance of the drill, as will presently be more fully described, the guide rest i¹ moves
forward in unison therewith. After the head of the blank is drilled and shaved,
and the blank is released from the grasp of the clamp 2, the moveable guide rest i¹
is then retracted, drawing the blank from the clamp until it is returned to its first-
named position, and supported in the two guides in position to be grasped by the
transferring device, and carried thereby to the next operation.
The carrying trough F is V shaped in form, and its base cut away or slotted so
that the bodies of the screw blanks will fall through and be retained by the heads.
In this position they, by their own weight, slide down the inclined trough until
they reach its lower end, where they gradually assume a horizontal position as
shown.
A short arm F also slotted and attached to the trough F, receiving and
guiding the ends, in which position they are ready for delivery to the drilling and
shaving apparatus, which delivery is accomplished as follows:--These screw
blanks are picked from the trough F by means of two fingers k and k'. As the
blanks fall from the trough they rest upon the top of finger k, the finger k
being in a corresponding position below it; finger k is then withdrawn, which
action permits the column of screw blanks to fall until the first blank rests upon
finger finger k is then advanced and enters in between the blank resting upon
finger, and the blank in the column directly above it, thus sustaining the column
of blanks as in the first place; finger k¹ is then withdrawn, and the single blank
released thereby at once drops into the seats formed in the tops of the guide rests
i and, provided to receive it, as previously described, and as will be readily under-
stood by referring to the Drawings; this operation is repeated, and thus a single
blank is delivered at the proper time. The finger k is operated by means of levers
kand, the last lever being moved by means of a direct acting cam, No. 9, on
the main shaft D, finger k¹ being operated by levers k, k, the last-named lever being
operated by cam, No. 8, on the main shaft Ď of the machine. Their reversed motion
is obtained by means of springs e, which operate upon pins attached to the levers
kand, which pins project up through a slot in the guiding stand; is the
cutter or cutters by means of which the face and rear of the conical head of the

page_text: Diank 18 snaved. Iney are shaped to comfort
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mounted in the end of a slotted arm, which reciprocates in bearings or guides in
stands 1, 1, bolted to the bed of the machine. This arm or lever l' is reciprocated
by means of a cam No, 6, on the main shaft D, as shown in Figure 2. The cutters
are retained in position in the arm by means of a clamping device of the usual
form adopted for such purposes.
The operation of the blank separating the drilling and head-shaving apparatus is
substantially as follows:-The headed screw blanks being delivered from the heading
press or hopper by means of the conveying trough F, are selected from the column
in the trough by means of the fingers k, k', and dropped into position in the seats i^
in guides i, i, as previously described. The shaft g, carrying the drill g, is then
advanced, while rotating in unison with the fixed shaft g, and presses the point of
the drill against the centre of the head of the blank. As the drill continues to
advance the guide rest is at the same time advanced in unison therewith by means
of the cams and levers described. The advance of the drill being thus continued
forces the blank its entire length into the clamp ², the head of the blank only pro-
jecting. The jaws h¹ of the clamp are then closed down upon the blank, holding
it firmly while it is rotated with the clamp. As previously stated, the drill and
the clamp holding the screw blank are revolved in contrary directions, the drill to
the left, and the clamp holding the screw blank to the right. The advance of the
drill is still continued, and it is thereby entered into the centre of the head of the
blank to such a depth as it may be gaged to drill. The extent of its movement
being reached, it is then retracted to its normal position. The advance of the guide
rest ¹ is checked when it reaches a point near the face of the clamp h³, and remains
at rest during the process of drilling. The drill being retired, the shaving cutters
I are advanced to their work, and shave the head and face of the blank head; this
done they are retired to their first position. The rotating of the two shafts in oppo-
site directions of course doubles the speed at the point of action of the drill upon
the screw blank, while the operation of shaving is accomplished at one half the
speed of the drill. As soon as the shaving is completed and the cutters have been
retired, the grasp of the clamps h¹ is released from the screw blank. The sliding
guide rest is then retracted, and as it presses against the inner face of the head
thereby draws the blank from the clamp h², it sliding through the seat in the top
of the guide rest i until it is retired to the first position as when delivered from the
carrying through F, where it again rests in the seats in guides i, i¹, until seized upon
by the transferring apparatus, and thereby removed from the guides and conveyed
by the transferrer to the next operation in the machine. As soon as the drilled and
shaved blank is so removed another blank is taken from the carrying trough, and
the same operations repeated thereon as described.
The next important element in the combination of devices in this machine is the
transferring apparatus, by means of which the screw blanks are taken from the
drilling and shaving apparatus, and carried to the various other operations necessary
for the manipulation thereof into a finished screw. This device consists primarily
of a series of gripping jaws or fingers, which are mounted in a suitable frame and
guides. The jaws being open are given an upward motion, in which movement
they grasp the blanks from the guide rests, also from the various seats in the exterior
framing in which the jaws, are operated, holding them firmly, the upward movement
being continued until the blanks are raised above the top of the frames. A motion
to the left is then given a specified distance, then a falling motion which carries the
blanks into the seats in the frames, where they are released from the jaws, the jaws
continuing to fall until they are below the line of the blanks, when they are moved
to the right until their first position is reached. By this means the blanks are
advanced step by step from one seat to the next to the various operations until they
are finally finished.
The construction and operation of this transferring apparatus are fully illustrated
as follows:-In Figure 2 its position in relation to the other parts of the machine
is shown; Figure 15 being an enlarged detached plan view, showing position of the

page_text: operating levers; Figure 16 is a longitudinal elevation, partly in section; and
Figures 17 and 18 are cross sections thereof, taken on lines 291, 292; Figure 19 is
an end view of an elevation, partly in section, showing position of the apparatus and
operating levers on the bed of the machine; Figure 20 is an enlarged detached
sectional view of the transferring devices, showing details of its interior con-
struction and operation; Figures 21 and 22 being views in detail of the griping
jaws; and Figure 23 a cross section of a single griping jaw, and its operating
frame.
The frame or stand in which the operating parts are secured and operated is
divided into two sections, J and K, both being bolted to the bed A of the machine.
Upon the enterior of these frames J and K at their apexes are attached auxiliary
frames m, m³, (see Figures 17 and 18), which frames have a longitudinal recess in
their tops, the entire length thereof. They are also provided transversely with a
series of seats m³. Centrally in between these stands J, K, and frame m, m³, the
frames carrying the griping jaws are adjusted and operated. They consist of a
reciprocating frame M in which the jaws are mounted, and of a base frame M¹,
which receives a rising-and-falling motion only. The sliding frame M is recessed
centrally, and provided in such recesses its entire length with a sliding lever m
The griping jaws m³ are divided into two sections m, m7; the leg of section m
being inserted and securely fastened into the top of the frame M, while the log of
section m is inserted into a recess m³, formed in the top of the slide m'. This
recess m³ is large enough to permit the leg me to have a little play therein
(see Figure 22, where the face of the frame M is removed to show the arrangement).
It is obvious that by moving the slide m', as in Figure 20, to the right, the pressing
against the leg m" will close the jaws, and that a movement to the left will open
them. A spiral spring m8 is inserted between the base of the legs m, m', the
pressure of which serves to always them them at a tension, in order to allow the
jaws to adjust themselves to the varying sizes of wire, that they may grasp the
recess m in the sliding lever, permitting sufficient adjusting play to the end of the
lever me for that purpose. It will thus be seen that the jaws will hold the wire
blanks by the action of the springs m³, after the operating levers have ceased to
govern the leg m. The frame M rests and slides upon the base frame M', and is
retained in position thereon by means of a guide m10, the base of which is entered
into a recess m₁ formed in the side of frame M¹ (see Figures 16 and 20). The
forward end of the frame M¹ is dropped, forming a depression M³ therein, which
has a corresponding recess in the bed A of the machine. This depression M³ is
formed for the purpose of permitting the entry of the operating lever, and the
operating pin m¹ which depends from the baso of the frame M. The frame M' also
has attached to its base two shafts M', which pass through the bed A of the machine
to the operating levers arranged below the bed (see Figures 16 and 20). In the rear
frame or casing J are cut recesses M³, M°, in the centre of which a projecting stud
and guide m¹³ is formed or attached. In the right-hand end of the slide M³ is cut
a perpendicular slot, through which a pin is passed, having on its forward end a
friction roll m¹, the rear end thereof on the rear exterior of casing J having an
adjusting nut, so that the position of the pin and its friction roll may be adjusted
in the slot at any desired point. A similarly arranged pin and friction roll m¹³ is
also arranged in the recess M on the left. The slide m which governs the leg m
of the jaws m³ has two square pins m¹, m17, attached to its rear pin m¹6, projecting
through an elongated slot m18 in the casing of frame M, and into the recess M. A
corresponding pin m" projects through a similar slot entering into the recess M..
The frame M being moved to the right by the lever which acts on the pin m¹², the
pin m16
passes under stud m¹3 until it touches the friction roll m¹ the pressure
exerted by the lever and pin m16 against the roll m¹ allowing the outside casing to
still move forward far enough to open the jaws ms, the inside slide lover m* and
the legs me remaining stationary. The jaws being open, the under frame M¹ is given
an upward motion, which carries the frame M with it, the pin m¹ riding on the face
of the friction roll m¹ until it clears it, when the jaws will close, seizing the blanks,

page_text: if any are presented, by the action of the springs m³. The frames m, m', are then
moved to the left until the jaws m³ are on a line with the seats m³ in the frames m,
when they drop down in their first position. During this motion of the frames, and
the action for opening the jaws, as just described, the pin m17 is also moved forward
under the friction roll ms and stud m¹³ in the recess Me, and rises with the frame,
and is moved to the left until it touches the friction roll m¹ riding over it, but not
entirely clearing it, when it is dropped down, during which movement it presses
against the face of the roll. This pressure throws the lever M far enough to the left
to slightly open the jaws m³, which are thus kept open until they drop below the
frames m and m³, leaving in the seats m³ any screw blanks 50 that may have been
resting in the jaws (see Figure 20). As the pin m17 passes down the face
of the roll m¹³, the normal position of the various parts is resumed as first
described.
The reciprocating movements are imparted to the frame M by means of an
oscillating lever M³, which has an adjusting fulcrum slot m20 and an adjustable
fulcrum stand m² attached to the bed A of the machine; this for the purpose of
permitting the accurate adjustment of the extent of the motion to be given to the
gripping jaws m³. The forward end of this lever is forked or slotted, so as to inclose
or encircle the pin m12, by means of which the frame M is reciprocated. The lever
enters a slot cut in the exterior casing K for that purpose. Motion is imparted to
this lever M8 by means of a cam 12 on the main shaft D', which operates upon its
rear end, as shown in Figures 2 and 19. The rising-and-falling motion of the
frame M¹, which carries with it the frame M, is accomplished by means of two
levers M, which are arranged below the bed of the machine, the forward ends of
which are connected with the pins M* which project down through the bed A for
that purpose. They have a central bearing in two standards M10 attached to the
bed A, and receive motion by means of a cam 11 on the main shaft D¹, which
operates upon a short lever Mis passing through the bed A and attached to the rear
end of the lever Mº (see Figures 15 and 19).
-The
The operation of the transferring apparatus is substantially as follows:-
griping jaws being moved to the right by the means as described, the casing of
frame M and m is projected from the casing J and K to the right until the first
nipping jaw is in position directly below the headed screw blank that is held in
position in the guide rests i and i¹ as previously set forth. When this position is
reached the jaws are all opened at once, in the manner as before explained. The
rising of all the jaws in unison then takes place, the first jaw closing upon and
grasping the screw blank held in the rests i and 2. The motion to the left is then
imparted to the jaws until the jaw carrying the first screw blank is directly over
the first seat m³ in the frames m and m¹. The falling motion is then given them,
and as the blank settles in the first seat m³, the jaw releases its grip upon the blank,
the dropping motion of the jaws being continued until the apexes of the jaws are
below the line of screw blanks in the seats m³. The motion of the jaws to the right
then takes place until the first jaw is again in position to grasp another blank from
the guide rests i and . In the operation of this transferrer the gripping jaws take
hold of the screw blanks near their centre, the head of the blanks projecting beyond
the face of the framing m¹, and its point to the rear of the face of framing m (see
Figures 26 and 27).
In the case of a short screw blank being manipulated, its head would take the
same position as in case of the longer screw blanks, its point only partially resting
upon the seats in the rear framing m.
It will be understood that as this operation progresses the blanks taken from
the guide rests i and i' by the first griping jaw, and seated in the first seat, are
by the other jaws transferred from one seat to the other in rotation, until the blank
has been presented to the action of the other devices in the machine;
the operation
of the various jaws being the same as described in the case of the first one.
process of manipulating the screw blanks, as they are delivered by the transferrer
to the various operations, and their re-delivery to the transferrer for transmission
The

page_text: to the next succeeding operation, will be fully detailed in the description of each
separate device. The screw blanks, wherever shown in the various Drawings, are
designated by the number 50.
The first operation in the manipulation of the screw blanks, after they are
delivered from the drilling and shaving devices to the transferrer, is the process of
punching the round hole previously drilled into the centre of the conical head of the
blank with an angular punch, for the purpose of forming the round hole into one
that is angular in form, preferably square. O is a small power press, which is
bolted to the bed A of the machine. It is provided with a shaft o, which at its base
carries a die o', which has cut transversely in its face a cavity, corresponding in
shape to one-half the diameter of the screw blank. A stand O¹ is attached to the
bed A of the machine directly under the die o¹, and has in its top a small die, which
also has in its face a recess like that in the upper die o', for the reception of the
screw blanks. This press is set into position over the transferred, a large recess 02
being left between the body of the press and the stand O¹, through which the
transferrer is operated (see Figure 19); a similar arrangement being also shown in
case of power press P in Figure 25, the exterior framing m', attached to the
frame K of the transferring apparatus, being cut away to permit the entry of the
stand O¹, while the rear frame m and J are overreached by the frame or stand of
the press O. This arrangement will be more fully described in connection with the
similar press p, as shown in Figures 25, 26, and 27. The position of the stand in
relation to the transferrer is shewn best in Figures 2 and 16. The shaft o, which
carries the upper die o', is operated by means of a lever N, which has it fulcrum o'
in an upright standard N', which is bolted to the bed of the machine, this lever
receiving its movement from a cam 14 on the main shaft D'. The office of this
power press is to seize upon the screw blanks and to clamp them rigidly in between
its dies o', o, and to hold them securely and immovably after the transferring jaws
have released their hold and deposited the blanks in the seats prepared for them,
The dies o', o, thus take the place of the seats, and hold the blanks with the head
presented to the action of the tools, as shewn distinctly in Figure 24. The angular
punch n, which is to be entered into the round hole in the head of the blank, is
inserted in the end of a reciprocating lever n', which is operated in guides formed
in the stands n³, n³, which are bolted to the bed A of the machine. This lever n'
receives its reciprocating motion by means of a cam 13 on the main shaft D¹. The
advance movement of this lever forces the punch into the round hole drilled in the
head of the screw blank, displacing whatever metal resists its entry and forcing it
to the bottom of the hole, thereby forming the round hole into a cavity having the
shape of the angular punch, be it square, octagonal, hexagonal, or of other angular
form.
The apparatus for cutting the slot or nick across the face of the screw blank
consists of a mill or saw n', which is mounted on the end of a shaft no, projecting
from the forward end of a swinging frame N³. Said shaft is mounted in suitable
bearings, and is rapidly rotated by means of a train of gearing o to o¹s, the last-
named gear being the driving gear attached to the main shaft D' of the machine.
Gears o to o, are mounted on shafts operating in bearings formed in the swinging
frame N³, whose pivot or swinging point at its rear end is fixed in the top of a
stand N, attached to the bed A of the machine. The intermediate idling gear o¹4
which has it shaft mounted in a slot in the arm n³, which projects from the
stand N', communicates motion from gear o¹ to the gear 0's. This arrangement
permits the arm N³, with its train of gears and the saw n² mounted thereon, to be
raised and lowered while the gearing is in motion. It is also obvious, that if the
idling gear o¹ is dropped to the base of the slot in arm no, it will not be acted upon
by gear o, and the train of gearing will therefore remain silent. The swinging
frame N3 at its forward end is connected to a lever N³, which passes down through
an opening in the bed A, and is attached to the forward end of a rocking lever No,
such lever being provided with a fulcrum in a stand N, attached beneath and to
the bed of the machine. It receives its rocking motion by means of a connecting

page_text: lever N°, attached to its rear end and passed up through the beⱭ A to the action or
cam 15 on the main shaft D¹.
The operation of the punching and slotting devises is substantially as follows:-
The screw blank 50 having been delivered by the transferring apparatus into the
grasping dies o, o¹, of the press O, is rigidly held therein with its conical head
projecting, as shown in Figure 24. The punch n is then, by the means described,
forced into the round hole previously drilled into the center of the head, giving it
the angular shape desired. The punch after performing its work is then retracted
to its first position, as shown in Figure 24, where it remains at rest during the
slotting operation. The swinging frame N³ is then carried upward by means of
the levers, as described, carrying the mill or saw n³ across the face of the head of
the screw blank, cutting therein a narrow slot; this done, the frame and saw are
dropped down to their first position. The press O then releases its grasp upon the
screw blank, the jaws of the transferrer rise, seize upon the blank, and carry it to
the left to the next seat rest m³ in frames m, m³, of transferring apparatus by
the same operation, another blank at the same time being carried into the dies o, o¹,
of the press O, upon which the same operations are repeated.
It is plainly apparent that in case it is desired to manufacture a screw of the
ordinary character, having the slot or nick only in its head, such a screw head can
be made by simply omitting the drill from the drilling apparatus, and the punch
from the punching lever, the slotting saw in such cases only operating upon the
head of the screw blank; or in case it is desired to provide the screw head with an
angular cavity only, omitting the slot or nick the slotting apparatus is simply
disconnected, so that the swinging frame does not rise, the gearing being also
disengaged from the driving gear on the main shaft. If a round hole only is desired
in the head of the screw blank, the punch and the slotting devices are both
disconnected, the other operations all taking place as described.
The next operation in the manipulation of the screw blank is the process of
reshaving the face and rear of the conical head of the blank for the purpose of
removing any burr or roughness left upon the surface by the action of the punch
and slotting saw, the arrangement for that purpose being as follows:-P is a power
press arranged upon the bed of the machine; it is provided with clamping dies or
jaws p, p, arranged to seize upon the screw blank 50 as it is delivered to the dies
by the transferring apparatus, holding it securely during the action of the shaving
tool thereon. The lower die or jaw p¹ is attached to the top of a stand p10, which is
bolted to the bed A of the machine, the upper die p being affixed to the end of
the lever p, which is raised and lowered by means of a lever p³, which is operated
by a lever arm P¹ having a fulcrum in bearings in stand P' bolted to the bed of the
machine, the lever P¹ being actuated by means of the cam 16 on main shaft D¹. The
frames m' and K of the transferring apparatus are cut away to admit the entry of
stand po, as shewn in dotted lines in Figure 25, also in Figures 15, 26, and 27, the
rear part of the press over-reaching the transferring apparatus, as plainly shewn in
Figure 25, that part of the press stand p⁰ and its die p¹ taking the place of the
frame m¹ and its seat m³.
The dies p, p', have a groove cut in their faces to correspond with the diameter
of the body of the screw blank, so that when they are closed down upon it, the
blank is securely held in position for the application of the reshaving and milling
tools. P is a sleeve shaft mounted in bearings in a bifurcated stand P6, which is
securely bolted to the bed A of the machine. This shaft P³ is provided with
a driving pulley P7 mounted thereon in between the two arms of the stand P³,
the pulley receiving its rotary motion by means of a connecting belt p' com-
municating power from a driving shaft arranged in the framing of the machine
below the bed A. A shaft Ps is inserted in the sleeve shaft P³, and reciprocates
therein. It is provided with a tongue p¹², which enters a longitudinal slot pls in the
sleeve shaft, and by this means a rotary motion, in unison with that of the shaft P', is
communicated to the shaft P³, while its longitudinal reciprocation in the sleeve
shaft P³ is permitted. To the rear end of the shaft P³, which projects from the

page_text: sleeve shaft to the rear of the stand P, is attached a ring p¼, provided on its
exterior with an annular slot; the ring 2014 being adjusted to any desired position
on the shaft by means of the screw thread in the shaft P8, its interior being pro-
vided with a corresponding screw thread for that purpose; p¹ is a short lever,
the forward end of which is forked, each fork having a pin which enters the
annular slot in the ring p1, the rear end of the lever being secured to the
forward end of the slide p¹0, which is secured in ways formed in the face of the
stand Po, which is bolted to the bed of the machine. A pin p projects from
the rear end of the slide p10, and enters a groove in the cam 17, by means of
which the slide p₁ is reciprocated, which motion is communicated to the shaft P³,
the pins in the end of the forks of lever P¹s playing in the groove in the ring
2 permitting it to rotate while it is being reciprocated.
The forward end of the sleeve shaft P5 is enlarged, as shown in Figures 25, 26,
27, and 28, and to the outer edge of such enlarged part is attached a slotted stud
for the purposes as will presently be fully described. In the forward end of the
shaft Ps is inserted a milling tool P", the office of which is to mill off any burr or
roughness from the face of the screw blank raised by the action of the saw in
cutting the slot. Near the forward end of the shaft Ps is attached a slotted fulcrum
stud R, in which is inserted a rocking arm R' which has an arm R³ projecting to its
rear, which passes through the slot in the stud r on the shaft P5 (see Figures 26
and 27). To the forward end of this arm R' is cut an inclined recess, into which is
seated the cutter R³, and secured therein by any approved means. These attach-
ments of course revolve with the shafts to which they are attached. The mill P¹
has cut into it a small recess R* to permit the entry therein of a portion of the
cutter R³ when it is tipped forward to the position, as shown in Figure 27. The
office of this cutter R³ is to remove the burr left on the rear face of the screw blank
head by the saw in cutting the slot.
The operation of this portion of the machine is as follows:-The screw blank
being held in the dies p, p', of the press P (being delivered thereto by the trans-
ferring apparatus as previously described), as shown in Figures 26 and 27, the mill
and cutting tool being in their normal position, as in Figure 26, the shaft Ps is
advanced by the means described until the mill P¹¹ acts upon the face of the screw
blank, removing all imperfections therefrom. The advancement of this shaft of
course carries with it the arm R' and its attached cutter; and as the movement
forward progresses, the rear R2 of the rocking arm is drawn through the slot in the
stud r, and, owing to the inclined form thereof, is tilted forward until it reaches the
position in relation to the mill P" and the head of the screw blank shown in
Figure 27. At this point the cutting edge of the cutter R³ is applied to the head
of the blank, and in its revolutions about the same removes any burr projecting
from the edges of the slot. The shaft P8, after a single revolution, is withdrawn to
its first position; the press P then releases the screw blank from its grasping dies.
The jaws of the transferring apparatus rise, seize upon the blank, and carry it to
the left one seat, and thence step by step until it is delivered to the action of the
screw-threading apparatus. It will thus be seen that a series of screw blanks are
being continuously transferred from the heading apparatus through the various
operations until they are finally discharged in the desired form of finished screws,
and that the various operations are all being performed at the same time in unison,
although each operation is entirely independent of the others, and the parts of the
machine for the several operations might each be designated as a separate machine.
The screw-threading apparatus is made double in order that two screw blanks
may be manipulated at the same time, and thus increase the capacity of the
threading apparatus up to that obtained in the preceding operations. This portion
of the machine is also made adjustable in all respects necessary to adapt it to the
cutting of screw blanks of various lengths. Its construction is also such that, if so
desired, it can be entirely detached from the rest of the machine, and used for
threading screw blanks independently, in which case the blanks could be fed to it
from a hopper in any approved manner. In studying this part of the machine

page_text: attention is particularly directed to Figures 2 and 29 to 36 inclusive. In Figure 2
its relations to the other parts of the machine, the cams and operating shafts, are
best shown, while the other Figures are enlarged in order to shew fully the details
of construction and operation. The various screw-threading devices requiring a
different speed from the other parts of the machine, the variations in motion from
that of the main shafts D, D', and D2, are obtained by means of the auxiliary
shafts S arranged at the rear of the shaft D¹, and shaft S' arranged at the rear of
shaft D, both operating in suitable bearings in arms 8, 8', attached to and projecting
from the bed A of the machine, the decreased speed of shaft S being obtained by
means of gear 8 on main shaft D¹ and gear 8 on shaft S, the movement of gear 83
being transmitted by an intermediate gear s to gear s³ (see Figures 33, 34, and 2),
the auxiliar shaft S₁ receiving its decreased speed by means of gear 8 meshing in
gear 88 on shaft S¹ (see Figure 1). S2 is the bed to which the stands, frames, and
operating parts of the screw threader are attached, this auxiliary bed being securely
bolted in position upon the main bed A of the machine. S³ is a bifurcated and S' a
single stand attached to the bed S2, in which are mounted the shafts which carry
the operating parts of the apparatus. S³ are two auxiliary stands also attached to
the bed S, and serve as the bearings for the forward ends of the shafts which carry
the mechanism for holding and rotating the screw blanks during the operation of
thread cutting, the rear end of such shafts being mounted in the stand S. W is a
stand bolted to the bed S³, and overreaching the stand S3 and other parts of the
apparatus, as shewn in Figure 30. In this stand are arranged the operating parts
that control the devices for guiding the screw cutters, so as to give the proper taper
and "gimlet point" to the finished screw. T are two sleeve shafts which carry the
devices for receiving the screw blank from the transferrer, grasping its conical head,
holding it firmly, and revolving with it during the operation of cutting the screw
thread thereon. These shafts are mounted in bearings in the stands S₁ and S³, and
receive their rotary motion by means of gears t attached thereto, such gears receiving
their impulse by means of intermediate gears 81 to 814, such train of gearing being
operated by means of gear 815 on the main shaft D. This arrangement of gearing
is plainly shewn in Figure 36. Two reciprocating shafts T₁ are arranged in these
sleeve shafts T, the office of which is to operate the clamping arms t' arranged in
the forward end of shafts T, which are enlarged to receive them, said arms t¹ being
pivoted therein in slots formed for that purpose.
The forward end of the shafts T' are provided with a V shaped cam t, which
operates between the rear ends of the two clamping arms t, its forward motion by
the advance of the shafts T¹ between them causing their rear ends to move out-
wardly, while their forward ends close down upon the blank presented to them,
seizing it on the conical head (see Figure 33). The rear ends of these clamping
arms t¹ are provided with an auxiliary piece and an adjusting screw, so that the
extent of their play when acted on by the cam t2 can be increased or diminished
without changing the cam. Centrally in the head of the shaft T, and between
that portion in which the arms t¹ are pivotted, is formed a deep seat, in which is
inserted a pin t³, a spiral spring being also arranged in the seat below the base of
the pin for the purpose of exerting a continuous outward pressure upon said pin,
the pin being retained in its place by means of an elongated slot in its body, through
which a small cross pin passes, and is secured in the shaft T. The pin is thus
allowed to reciprocate a certain distance in its seat, and plays between the forward
ends of the clamping arms t¹, it being forced back by the entry of the screw blank
prior to the blank being clasped by said arms. Its office is to effect the said screw
blank after the thread is cut, when it is released from the clasp of the arms t¹. The
opening of the arms t¹ after the cam t is withdrawn is caused by the action of two
spiral springs, Figure 33, arranged in seats in the head of shafts T.
The reciprocating shafts T¹ receive their motion as follows:-They are at their
rear ends, as shewn in Figure 29, provided with a head or cam T², having an
annular slot or groove, into which is entered a forked arm 821, projecting from a
sliding arms, arranged in a slot in stand 823, attached to the bed A of the machine,

page_text: the rear end of the arm 8 being provided with a pin which enters a slot in the
cams 18 on the auxiliary shaft S, and is operated thereby. Upon each of the
shafts T, and in between the stands S4, S5, are mounted cams T4, and a sleeve T
which has a screw thread cut upon its periphery, arranged for the purposes which
will presently be fully explained. V are two reciprocating shafts, mounted in
bearings in the stands S3 and S4. Upon the forward ends thereof are attached the
clutch arrangements V, which carry the cutters which cut the threads upon the
screw blanks 50 (see Figures 29 and 30).
The arrangement of the clutch, the insertion therein of the cutters, the shape of
the cutters, and mode of adjusting and fastening them may be of any of the well
known and approved forms.
Upon the shafts V are arranged arms V2, the base or rear of which encircles the
shafts V and plays thereon, the extent of such play being limited and controlled by
means of a short slot v³ (see Figure 29), formed in the base of the arms V2, a pin v¹
passing through the body of the shaft V, entering the slot and a corresponding
slot on the opposite side. This arrangement permits the shaft to rotate a distance
equal to the length of the slot without interfering with the arms V. The
forward ends of the arms V2 rest upon the screw thread T5 on shaft T, and its
lower face is provided with creases corresponding with the screw thread T5 upon
the rotating shaft T. V³ are stands attached to the bed S2, and arranged immedi-
ately in the rear of the screw-threaded sleeve T³. To the face of these stands, near
the top, is attached a guiding piece v (see Figures 31 and 32), under which the
forward ends of the arins V2 slide. This serves to confine the arm V2 down upon
the screw thread on sleeve T", and to insure its being operated thereby, as will be
explained. The guiding piece is readily removable as well as adjustable in its
seat, which is a dovetailed groove in the face of the stand V³, the guide v₁ being
retained when once properly set into position by means of screws inserted from the
rear face of the stand Vs. The office of this guide will be fully explained at the
proper time. A spiral spring Vs of considerable power encircles the shafts V resting
between the rear face of stand S³ and a collar V, pinned to the shafts immediately
in front of the arm V2, the office of which will also presently be fully explained.
An adjustable guide arm ve is at its forward end pivoted to the apex of the stand Vs.
It is raised and lowered by means of a short connecting arm attached from it to the
lever, this lever being operated by means of the cam 19 on the auxiliary shaft S,
the purposes of which will also be more fully explained herein-after.
The cam T is provided in its face with an annular slot v10, a portion of the cam
being cut away, as shewn in Figures 31 and 32, that portion cut away leaving an
inclined face v which retires until it unites with the slot 10. The arm V2 has
projecting from its side at the forward end towards the cam T, a pin vs, which will
at the proper time enter the opening in the cam and follow the incline 1 until it
reaches the slot 10, where it remains until the arm has been moved forward to with-
draw it, as will be explained herein-after.
The operation of the parts of the apparatus thus far described is as follows:-The
screw blank 50 being held in the grasp of the arm t' in the end of shafts T, as shewn
in dotted lines in Figure 29, the said shafts, by means of the gearing previously
described, are made to revolve to the left, the end of arm V2 resting upon the screw
thread T5 on shaft T, as shewn in Figure 29, and under the guide v. The action of
the screw thread upon the arm V2 causes it to move forward until it clears the end
of the guide piece v*, and it will be seen that this movement of the arm V* causes
the reciprocating shaft V to advance in unison therewith, carrying the cutters v
mounted in the clutch at its forward end a distance equal to the length of the guide
v, this movement of the shaft V of course compressing the spiral spring V³ between
the collar V and the stand S³ when the arm V2 passes beyond the end of the
guide v, the action of the spring V³ upon the shaft V causing it to rotate sufficiently
to lift the arm V2 from the screw thread T past the end of the guide until the
forward end of the arm strikes under the movable guide v (see Figure 32), which
prevents its further use. At this point the guide is lowered to the position shewn

page_text: best in Figure 32. The action of the compressed spring V³, as soon as the arm V*
clears the guide, drives the shaft V back to the rear, carrying arm V' with it, the
movable guide so directing the arm V that its pin necessarily enters the
opening in the cam T, which, as it revolves, catches the pin on its inclined recess
and forces it down into the slot v10. This brings the arm V2 down upon the screw
thread T5, which at once acts thereupon, and causes it to again advance the pin vs,
retaining its position in the slot v in the cam until the end of the arm V has
passed under the guide . At this juncture, or as soon as the pin has entered the
slot in the cam, the movable guide is lifted into its first position. It will thus be
seen that the extent of the forward movement of the shaft V, carrying the cutters v,
is controlled and adjusted by the simple changing of the guides to meet the
circumstances, it being replaced by a short guide if a short screw blank is being
cut, and by a longer one in case a long screw is to be threaded; in other words,
the length of the guide corresponds with the length of the thread to be
cut. The arrangement of the various operating parts of this portion of the
apparatus is such that the movement of the cutters upon the screw blank is
repeated six times, this number of cuts being sufficient to finish the thread to the
desired depth and shape.
That part of the apparatus arranged and applied to govern the movement of the
cutting tools v, so that the thread is made tapering and to terminate in what is
known as the "gimlet point," is plainly illustrated in Figures 2, 29, and 30, to
which the following description refers:-W is a frame attached to legs w which are
bolted to the bed S³, the whole over-reaching the cutting apparatus, as shewn in Figure
30. On its front face this frame is provided with a T groove w¹, formed in the rear
of the caps w³. In this slot are inserted two reciprocating slides w², which are
readily removed at will by detaching the caps w³ which are fastened by screws to
the face of the frame W. A pin w is inserted in the slides w³, and projects there-
from to the rear through a slot cut through the body of the frame W, such pin
and slot being indicated in Figure 30 by dotted lines. An arm W¹ projects upwardly
from the right-hand end of the frame W, into which is entered and bolted a pro-
jecting stud pin W, upon which are hung two swinging levers Ws; these levers are
provided with an adjusting slot w in which is inserted a slide w', a short arm wo
projecting therefrom to the rear of the levers W³, an adjusting screw bolt w³ attached
at the apex of the levers W³ passing through it (see Figure 30) for the purpose of
raising and lowering the slides w7 in the slots and securing them in any position
desired. A pin W projects from the slides w7, and the connecting levers W* are
attached thereto, the forward ends of such levers being attached to the pins w' which
project to the rear from the two slides w².
It will be seen that the play of these levers is governed by the adjusting slides w
in the swinging arms W³, the raising or lowering of which changes the length of the
throw. It will also be seen that the swinging of the arm Ws will, through the
medium of the levers W*, reciprocate the slides w2. W is a small stand attached to
the bed A of the machine, having two arms w¹³, in which is arranged a shaft w14,
on which is mounted a cam w¹5, a similar cam w10 being mounted on a sleeve, which
encircles and rotates on the shaft w¹ The shaft w¹ is rotated by means of a ratchet
cam w attached thereto, this ratchet in turn being operated by a pawl w18 attached
to the end of a lever W, such lever being pivoted in a stand attached to the bed A
of the machine, and operated by means of cam 20 on the auxiliary shaft S¹, the
cam we also being operated by like arrangement of parts. The rising of the forward
end of the levers We moving the ratchet cams one step, the lever is then depressed
to its first position, and the movement repeated; thus, a step-by-step motion is
imparted to the cams w¹ and w¼, which thereby gradually push the arms Ws
forward, which cause the slides w² to advance with the same gradual movement.
To the face of the slides w², on the front face of the frame W, are attached projecting
arms W8 (see Figs. 29 & 38), on the lower faces of which are formed the guiding
cams These guide cams are slotted, as at w21, Figure 38, through which slots
are entered set screws, so that the position of the cams can be adjusted to the right

page_text: «
or left, as may be desired. Other guide cams of different length and shape can readily
be attached, as these cams will necessarily vary according to the length of the screw
blank that is being threaded. The shape of these cams w is shewn plainly in
Figure 29, their outer ends being curved so as to guide the cutters v to a point at the
close of their forward movement in the process of thread cutting, while there is a
gradual taper the whole length of the cam, the form of which is necessarily repro-
duced upon the screw blank. W₁ are upright arms firmly secured by set screws
upon the shaft V, and at their apexes rest against the face of the guide cams w
(see Figure 30); they are for the purpose of gradually rotating the shaft a certain
distance in order to depress the cutters v mounted thereon to their work according
to the shape of the guide cams w20, whose form the tops of the arms W10 follow;
this results in gradually tapering the blank as it is cut, and finishing it with a
gimlet point," the gradual movement forward after each cut for six repeated cuts
by the advancing of slides w³ to the left, of course, resulting in depressing the
cutters v, so that the depth of the thread cut on the blank is adjusted as may be desired.
The operation of this portion of the apparatus is substantially as follows:-The
cutters being governed by the arrangements of parts first described acting upon the
shafts V as the advance thereof takes place, the guide arms W10 follow against the
face of the guide cam w20, the cutters v making the first cut upon the screw blank
which rotates against it by the action of shaft T. As the first cut is finished the
cutter is retracted to its first position by the action of spring V5 on shafts V and
arms V preparatory to making the second cut. At this juncture the slides are
advanced a short distance, moving the guide cams w20 forward the same distance,
which in turn acts upon arms W10, which rotate the shaft V, slightly depressing the
cutters for the second cut, which then takes place in the same manner as the first
cut was accomplished, the operations being repeated until six successive cuts have
been made, each one being deeper than that preceding it. These motions for
advancing the cutters v are gradual until the six steps on the ratchet cam w17 have
been traversed, when the shape of the cam w¹ permits the swinging levers W³ to
retire to their first position, this being accomplished by the pressure of the springs
V forcing back the arms W10 against guide cams w20, forcing slides w² to retire, the
levers wand arms W³ likewise giving way to the pressure exerted. It will thus be
understood that any desired length of screw thread may be cut upon the blank of
any desired taper, and that any depth of cut can be obtained through the various
adjustable devices described.
The position of the transferring apparatus in relation to the screw threading
apparatus is shewn best in Figures 2, 33, and 34. In Figure 33 it is shown with a
screw blank 50 in the seats m³ preparatory to its delivery to the clutch on the end
of the shaft T. y represents a guiding stand, which is formed in two sections;
these sections are arranged to slide in grooves in the stand y' attached to the bed A
of the machine.
.
The two sections of the guide stand y are opened and closed by means of sliding
levers y, y³, arranged in guides on the bed of the machine, and reciprocated by the
actions of the cams 21 on the auxiliary shaft S¹. The apexes of these two sections
of the stand y at the point where they meet are provided with a groove or recess
conforming to the shape of the screw blank. When closed they partially encircle the
screw blank, and form a steadying guide and rest during the operation of thread
cutting; their apexes do not wholly close over the blank, but leave an opening for
the projection therefrom of that part of the blank upon which the cutters v operate.
yo, y, are fingers arranged in rear of the transferring apparatus, to force the blanks
from the seats m³ therein into the recess in the top of the stand y, and thence into
the grasp of clamping arms t¹ on the end of the shaft T; these fingers are mounted
in a carriage y arranged in grooves in the top of a bifurcated stand ys, bolted to the
bed A. of the machine. The carriages y are reciprocated in the grooved ways in
stand y by means of oscillating levers y pivoted on the stud y10, bolted to the bed
A of the machine, the forward end of these levers being slotted or forked, which
encircles pins y¹¹ which depend, Figures 33, 34, from the sliding carriages y7, the

page_text: rear end of the levers being provided with a pin which enters the groove in the cams
22 on auxiliary shaft S₁, by means of which the desired movements are given to the
pins y and carriages y' at the proper time.
The transferring apparatus, which has herein-before been fully described, carries
the blanks previously headed drilled, slotted, punched, and reshaved, from the last-
named operation (reshaving) to the seat m³, opposite the finger 3 and the first
clutch on the end of the first shaft T. It is then released from the grasp of the
transferring jaws, and rests in the seats m³ in the frames of the transferrer. The
finger then advances, pushing the blank out of the seats m³ into the recess in the
apex of the sectional stand y (the sections of which remain open far enough to permit
the entry of the head of the blank) wherein it is guided until the head is projected
therefrom, and enters in between the clutching arms t¹ of the revolving head on the
end of shaft T. As the blank strikes against the pin t³ it forces it down against the
spring in its scat in T shaft. The arms t¹ then close down upon the blank, holding
it rigidly. The sectional stand y then closes upon the blank, and it is then in
position for the thread to be cut thereon. The cutters v are then moved forward in
the manner as previously described, cutting the thread and repeating the operation
6 times, until the thread is completed. This done, the sectional stand opens, the
clamps t¹ release their hold upon the blank, which is ejected therefrom by the pres-
sure of the pin ts, and drops through the base of the sectional stand y, and an
opening in the bed of the machine into any proper receptacle provided to receive it.
As the other operations in the machine accomplish their work twice as fast as a
single threading apparatus, it has been made double, as shewn and described.
After the transferrer has delivered the first blank to the first cutting device, and
while that blank is being threaded the next blank following is passed to the inter-
mediate seat m³ in between the two thread cutters, and thence to the seat opposite
the second thread cutter, where it is at once treated as in the case of the first blank,
a third blank having in the meantime been delivered into the intermediate seat, and
a fourth blank to the seat opposite the first cutter. It will thus be seen that the
two cutters receive and act upon every other blank in the manner indicated.
Having thus fully described my Invention in every phase of its applications and
operations, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,―
1. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws from
a continuous supply of wire, the combination of the following elements, videlicet, a
blank heading device, a shaving device, a drilling device, a punching device, a slot-
ting device, a reshaving device, a screw-threading device, and an apparatus for
transferring the screw blanks from one device to the other, such combination of
elements being arranged for the manufacture of screws, the heads of which are
provided with an angular cavity, in addition to the usual slot or nick.
2. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws
from a continuous supply of headed screw blanks, the combination of the following
elements, videlicet, a shaving device, a drilling device, a punching device, a alotting
device, a re-shaving device, a screw-threading device, and an apparatus for trans-
ferring the blanks from the first-named device to the others in rotation, such
combination of elements being arranged for the manufacture of screws, the heads
of which are provided with an angular cavity, in addition to the usuual slot or
nick.
3. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws
from a continuous supply of wire, the combination of the following elements, videlicet,
a blank heading device, a drilling device, a punching device, a slotting device, a
shaving and milling devico, a screw threading device, and an apparatus for trans-
ferring the screw blanks from one device to the others, such combination of elements
being arranged for the manufacture of screws, the heads of which are provided with
an angular cavity, in addition to the usual slot or nick.
4. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws
from a continuous supply of headed screw blanks, the combination of the following
elements, videlicet, a drilling device, a punching device, a slotting device, a shaving

page_text: and milling device, a screw-threading device, and an apparatus for transferring the
screw blanks from the first-named device to the others, such combination of elements
being arranged for the manufacture of screws, the heads of which are provided with
an angular cavity in addition to the usual slot or nick.
5. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws
from a continuous supply of wire, the combination of the following elements, videlicet,
a blank heading device, a shaving device, a drilling device, a punching device, a
screw-threading device, and an apparatus for transferring the screw blanks from
one device to the others, such combination of elements being adapted to the manu-
facture of screws, the heads of which are provided in the centre with an angular
cavity in place of the usual slot or nick.
6. In an organized machine, arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws.
from a continuous supply of headed screw blanks, the combination of the following
elements, videlicet, a shaving device, a drilling device, a punching device, a screw-
threading device, and an apparatus for transferring the screw blanks from the first-
named device to the others in rotation, such combination of elements being adapted
to the manufacture of screws, the heads of which are provided in the centre with an
angular cavity in place of the usual slot or nick.
7. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws
from a continuous supply of wire, the combination of the following elements, videlicet,
a blank heading device, a drilling device, a punching device, a combined milling
and shaving device, a screw-threading device, and an apparatus for transferring the
screw blanks from one device to the others, such combination of elements being
arranged for the manufacture of screws, the heads of which are provided in the
center with an angular cavity in place of the usual slot or nick.
8. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws
from a continuous supply of headed screw blanks, the combination of the following
elements, videlicet, a drilling device, a punching device, a combined milling and
shaving device, a screw-threading device, and an apparatus arranged for transferring
the screw blanks from the first-named device to the others in rotation, such combi-
nation of devices being arranged for the manufacture of screws, the heads of which
are provided in the center with an angular cavity in place of the usual slot or
nick.
9. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws from
a continuous supply of wire, the combination of the following elements, videlicet,
a blank heading device, a shaving device, a drilling device, a slotting device, a
re-shaving device, a screw-threading device, and an apparatus for transferring the
screw blanks from one device to the others, such combination of devices being
arranged for the manufacture of screws, the heads of which are provided centrally
with a round hole, in addition to the usual slot or nick.
10. In an organized machine arranged for the automatic manufacture of screws
from a continuous supply of headed screw blanks, the combination of the following
elements, videlicet, a shaving device, a drilling device, a slotting device, a re-shaving
device, a screw-threading device, and an apparatus for transferring the screw blanks
from one device to the others in rotation, such combination of devices being arranged
for the manufacture of screws, the heads of which are provided centrally with a
round hole, in addition to the usual slot or nick.
11. In an organized machine arranged for the manufacture of wood screws,
provided in the centre of their heads with a round or angular cavity, in addition to
or without the usual slot or nick, the combination of the following devices, a
rotating spindle provided with clamping jaws for grasping the screw blank, a longi-
tudinal reciprocating rotating spindle, carrying a drill, the two spindles revolving in
contrary directions, and a feeding device for delivering the screw blanks to such
devices, the whole arranged and operating substantially as herein shewn and set
forth.
12. In an organized machine arranged for the manufacture of wood screws
provided in the center of their heads, with a round or angular cavity, in addition to

page_text: or without the usual slot or nick, the combination of the following devices, viz., a
rotating spindle, provided with the clamping jaws for grasping the screw blank, a
longitudinal reciprocating rotating spindle carrying a drill, the two spindles rotating
in contrary directions, a shaving cutter or cutters, and a feeding mechanism for
delivering the screw blanks to such devices, the whole arranged and operating
substantially as herein shown and set forth.
13. In an organized machine arranged for the manufacture of wood screws, in
combination with the shaving, slotting, and screw-threading devices embodied
therein, and a series of power presses provided with dies for grasping the screw
blanks while being operated upon by such devices, a transferring apparatus provided
with a series of clamping jaws operating in a frame provided on its apex with a
series of transfer seats, such jaws arranged to automatically adjust their grasp to
various guages of wire, and having the following stated movements:-A movement to
the right and an upward movement to grasp and remove the series of blanks from
the various devices operating thereon, and a movement to the left and a down-
ward movement to deliver such blanks to the next succeeding operation, the whole
arranged, applied, and operating substantially in the manner as herein shewn and set
forth.
14. The combination of an apparatus or device for punching an angular cavity
in the head of a screw blank previously drilled, a device for slotting or nicking the
same, and a transferring apparatus for delivering the screw blanks to and removing
them from such punching and slotting devices, the whole arranged and operating
substantially as herein shewn and set forth.
15. The combination of a re-shaving apparatus, consisting of a reciprocating
rotating shaft, carrying a milling and shaving tool, such shaving tool being adjusted
to its work by the advance of such shaft, and retired therefrom by its retrograde
movement, a device for clamping and holding the screw blank while it is being
operated upon, and an apparatus for delivering the screw blanks to and removing
them from the action of the milling and shaving apparatus, the whole arranged,
applied, and operating substantially as and for the purposes as herein shown and
set forth.
16. The combination of a carrying trough, arranged to convey a column of screw
blanks from a heading apparatus or a hopper, a device for separating or selecting a
single blank from the column of blanks so conveyed, a device for shaving the
heads of such blanks, a drilling apparatus, a stationary guide rest, a reciprocating
guide rest, and an apparatus for transferring the blanks after drilling and shaving
therefrom to the succeeding operations in the formation of a screw, all substantially
as herein shown and set forth.
17. The combination of a carrying trough, arranged to convey a column of screw
blanks from a heading apparatus or a hopper, a device for separating or selecting a
single blank from the column of blanks so conveyed, a device for shaving the heads
of such blanks, a stationary guide rest, a reciprocating guide rest, and an apparatus
for transferring the blanks, after being shaved therefrom, to the succeeding opera-
tions in the formation of a screw, all substantially as herein shown and set
forth.
18. The combination of a device for punching a screw blank in which a round
hole has been previously drilled for the purpose of forming it into an angular cavity,
a device for slotting or nicking the blank head, and an apparatus for delivering the
screw blank to and removing it from such devices, all substantially as herein shown
and set forth.
19. The combination of a screw-threading apparatus having two sets of threading
devices operating in unison, an apparatus for delivering the screw blanks alter-
nately to such threading devices, such delivering apparatus having the following
stated movements:-A movement to the right beneath the line of screw blanks,
supported in seats, a rising movement to grasp the blanks, a movement to the left
carrying the blanks, and a falling movement to deliver the blanks to the threading
devices, a series of sectional guide stands arranged to receive the screw blanks from

page_text: such transferring apparatus and to guide them to the revolving clamps which grasp
the head of the blanks and rotate them during the process of threading, such guide
stands retaining and guiding the blank while the thread cutters operate thereon,
and afterwards opening laterally and delivering the finished screws through their
base, and a set of reciprocating fingers arranged to force the blanks from the trans-
ferring seats and transferring apparatus to said sectional guide stands and revolving
clamps, all substantially as herein shown and set forth.
20 The reciprocating guide rest and fixed guide rest i arranged to support the
screw blanks prior to during the process of drilling and shaving, and for delivery to
the transferring apparatus, substantially as herein shown and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
H. J. HADDAN. (L.S.)