matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED TRAVERSE CARD GRINDER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Charles Shaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th March 1869.-A communication from abroad by Sheffield
H. Wright, of Lowell, in the State of Massachusetts, in the United
States of America.
JOHN CHARLES SHAW, of Patricroft, near the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED TRAVERSE CARD GRINDER,"
being a communication to me from abroad by Sheffield H. Wright, of
Lowell, in the State of Massachusetts, in the United States of America,
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to grind the main cylinder and doffer
of carding engines, and for other similar purposes.
In performing my Invention I make use of an ordinary hollow grinding
cylinder, but the axle is composed of two distinct shafts. At each end of
the cylinder is a long boss to which it is secured. The bosses are so
connected to the shafts that they are capable of a rotary and lateral
motion simultaneously. To the shaft at the driving end of the cylinder

page_text: is fastened a pulley, and in the same shaft is cut a straight groove equal
to the length of traverse. A screw or other equivalent is fastened in the
boss with its point projecting into the groove of the shaft thereby
transferring the rotary motion of the shaft to the boss and consequently
to the grinding cylinder. The other boss is also loose on its shaft, and a
diagonal groove is formed round the shaft; this groove may be termed
a lateral cam groove. A screw or other equivalent is fastened in the
boss with its point projecting into the lateral cam groove, it is therefore
evident that when rotary motion is communicated to the grinding
cylinder, and by it to the last described boss, the lateral cam groove will
cause the boss and cylinder to move to and fro in a lateral direction. It
may be found necessary to give a rotary motion to the axle in which
the lateral cam groove is cut.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS AND VALVES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sam Smithson, George Senior,
and John Inman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd January 1869.
We, SAM SMITHSON, of Heckmondwike, in the County of York, Dyer,
(IEORGE SENIOR, of Brighouso, in the same County, Brass Finisher, and
JOHN INMAN, of Brighouse aforesaid, Brass Finisher, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TAPS AND
VALVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to taps or valves for regulating the discharge of
fluids, and consists in constructing the valve either so as to have a
surface of cork fixed to it or to press upon a surface of cork fixed in
the scating, and to bo capable of moving to or from the seating without
turning on its axis, being attached to the spindle by a screw thread, and
the spindle is formed to fit a conical gland so as to avoid packing. By
turning the spindle in one direction the valve will be removed from its
scating to open the passage, and by turning it in the other direction it
will be pressed upon it and thereby close the passago.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS POR STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS, OR OTHER PURPOSES WHERE STEAM CAN BE APPLIED TO MELT TALLOW FOR LUBRICATION
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mark Darnbrough, Levi Darn-
brough, and Enoch Darnbrough at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th October 1869.
We, MARK DARNBROUGH, LEVI DARNBROUGH, and ENOCH DARN-
BROUGH, of Dewsbury, in the County of York, Brass Founders and
Finishers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS POR STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS, OR OTHER PURPOSES
WHERE STEAM CAN BE APPLIED TO MELT TALLOW FOR LUBRICATION," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction and use of a vessel (by
preference of cylindrical shape) formed or constructed to screw into the
cylinder lid or cover, and to contain a suitable quantity of tallow and oil
or other lubricant. The bottom or part entering into the cylinder is bored
out taper or conical, and a spindle is formed conical so as to fit therein
and to pass through the vessel, and also through a screw plug and a
stuffing box at the top thereof. This spindle is hollow in that portion
which is within the vessel, and having lateral openings communicating
with both the upper and lower part of the said vessel. The said spindle

page_text: is also constructed capable of being moved up or down in the vessel by
screw thread thereon, so that the conical part thereof may be pressed
into the taper or conical part of the vessel, and thereby plug or close the
passage betwixt the said vessel and the steam cylinder when required.
The opening into the bottom part of the hollow spindle is in the conical
part, so that it becomes closed at the same time. And when the spindle
is turned so as to open the said passage steam passes through the
opening into and through the hollow spindle to the top of the vessel, so
that an equal pressure of steam is applied at both the top and bottom of
the tallow or lubricant in the vessel, thus melting and allowing it to flow
freely out into the cylinder in quantity according to the size of opening
or passage formed betwixt the plug and the conical part of the vessel,
which passage or opening can be adjusted to the greatest nicety to meet
the requirements of any particular case.
A NEW OB IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF WIREWORK, APPLICABLE POR SIEVES, SCREENS, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES IN WHICH WIREWORK IS USED
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick William Potter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st August 1869.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM POTTER, of Barbican, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OB
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF WIREWORK, APPLICABLE POR SIEVES, SCREENS, AND
VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES IN WHICH WIREWORK IS USED," to be as follows:-
Instead of placing two sets of rows of wires transversely to each other
and uniting the two sets by a third set of wires or by pieces of wire
binding together the two sets first named at the places where they cross
each other, as is the usual plan, I substitute for the first set wires or
rods having holes pierced or drilled through them transversely to their
length and at regular distances. The first set of pierced or drilled wires
or rods I make by preference of a flattened or oval section, but I do not
confine myself to that particular section. The second or cross set of

page_text: wires pass through the holes in the first set, and thus the two sets hold
each other in position without the necessity of a third set for binding
the first and second set together, or of a number of binding or clipping
pieces for the same purpose..
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING BUOYS AND OTHER FLOATING SEA MARKS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward William Hawes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th February 1869.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM HAWES, Commander in Her Britannic Majesty's
Navy, residing at Balmoral Lodge, Clontarf, Co. Dublin, in Ireland,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CONSTRUCTING BUOYS AND OTHER FLOATING SEA MARKS," to be as follows,
viz :-
The forming or making of a buoy or other floating sea mark of
such materials as that it shall be more buoyant than any at present in
use, so that in the event of its receiving any of the injuries consequent
to such sea marks it shall not be lost, but from its being composed of
floating materials any or all of its parts individually or collectively can
be picked up and recovered. The chains and sinkers can be of a much
less expensive nature than those at present in use, so that great saving
will accrue from the use of the Invention.
The following letters are for reference to the parts of Drawing
herewith annexed, viz. :-A, solid timber bottom almost indestructable;

page_text: B, decks of timber supported and kept in position by the stays C; C,
iron stays to support decks; D, central mast of either timber or iron as
may be adapted to size of buoy; E, elastic covering rivetted to and
extended by the decks and timber ribs; F, timber ribs; G, iron straps
to confine and secure elastic covering and strengthen the different
portions of buoy; H, iron cross and loop for mooring buoy.
The Drawing is made to a scale of one inch to the foot, but the
Inventor claims to make his buoys of any shape and size.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHURNING MILK AND MIXING LIQUID COMPOUNDS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Eastwood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th August
1869.
I, JAMES EASTWOOD, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHURNING MILK AND MIXING LIQUID
COMPOUNDS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates, first, to horizontal beaters or dashers, and
consists in improved arrangements of mechanism for giving them motion.
In one arrangement I fix to the vessel containing the beaters one or two
toothed racks into which are geared pinions fixed to the shafts of the
beaters, and when the frame carrying the beaters is moved forwards and
backwards the beaters have imparted to them a to-and-fro horizontal
and revolving or oscillating motion. Or I make the bearings of the
pinions stationary and give to-and-fro motion to the rack, or racks and
thereby give alternate revolving or oscillating motion to the beaters.
The second part of my Invention relates to vertical beaters or dashers,
and consists in employing improved sockets and bearings for the shafts

page_text: of the beaters to work in. The sockets are placed on the ordinary
driving shaft, and are each formed of two parts kept together by a thumb
screw, and each bearing is formed by making in the cross rail a
semicircular cavity for one half of the bearing, the other half of which is
formed in a plate or bracket hinged to the cross bar and held fast by a
thumb screw or pin, which arrangements, enable the beaters to be
removed sideways without loss of time.
The next part of my Invention consists in employing the gearing of
the machines to work air pumps or fans for injecting air into the liquids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Dan Clayton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th December
1869.
I, DAN CLAYTON, of the Firm of C. & J. Clayton, of Bradford, in the
County of York, Shuttle and Bobbin Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the pike or peg in shuttles on which the
spool or bobbin is placed for use when weaving, and the improvements
consist in constructing the same in two parts longitudinally, one part
being fixed in the shuttle, the other part being hinged to the shuttle in
the usual manner, so as to be turned up or out of the shuttle for placing
and removing the spools. The fixed part is shorter than the hinged
part, but sufficiently long so that when the spool is slid or placed over
both the parts it forms a hoop or coupling thereto, which is capable of
holding the said pike or peg firmly in position. The hinged part of this
pike or peg may be of any of the usual forms or constructions for holding
the spool fast when placed thereon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING AND COMMUNICATING ON RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Woodward at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
October 1869.
I, FRANCIS WOODWARD, of the City of Worcester, Cabinet Manu-
facturer and Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SIGNALLING AND COMMUNICATING
ON RAILWAY TRAINS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of apparatus constructed in the manner herein-
after described to be used for signalling and communicating between the
guard and driver of a railway train, or between the passengers and guard
of a railway train.
My Invention has reference to apparatus consisting of a tube passing
from end to end of the train, the ends of the tube situated respectively
in the guard's van and on the engine being provided with a whistle for
signalling an alarm, and a mouth piece for speaking through the tube.
When used for communicating between the passengers and guard
additional tubes, mouth pieces, and whistles are applied to the carriages.
I join the ends of the lengths of the said tube fixed to each of the

page_text: carriages and engine of the train by means of a moveable self-locking
union joint constructed as herein-after described, by means of which
joint the attaching or detaching of the lengths of the tube is effected
with great rapidity and ease. I prefer to make the signalling and
speaking tube of vulcanized india-rubber, but the said tube may be made
of other elastic material or of metal. When I make the said tube of
india-rubber the self-locking union joint is made of metal. I make the
the said joint in three parts as follows:-In the end of the length of
the tube fixed to one carriage I secure a short metallic tubular joint end,
and on this joint end a rotating collar works. In the said collar are slots
similar to those of a bayonet joint fastening. In the end of the length
of tube fixed to the adjacent carriage a short metallic tubular joint end
is secured. This joint end is of a size proper to fit accurately upon that
first described, and is provided with a pin or stud which can take into
the slots in the rotating collar. When it is wished to join the ends of the
lengths of tubing connected to two adjacent carriages (or a carriage and
engine), the joint end of one tube is passed on to the joint end of the
adjacent tube, the pin on the outer joint end taking into the longitudinal
slot in the rotating collar between the said joint ends. By then rotating
the said collar the pin or stud takes into the cross slot in the said collar,
and thereby locks the parts together and effects an air-tight joint. By
turning the collar in the opposite dircotion to that described the lengths
of the tube may be unfastened and separated.
My Invention may be applied to luggage trains as well as to passenger
trains.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRIGERATING AND VENTILATING CAR- RIAGES, TRUCKS, OR OTHER MOVEABLE OR FIXED APPARATUS USED FOR CONVEYING OR STORING ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES OF A PERISHABLE NATURE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Chambers at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
June 1869.
I, WILLIAM CHAMBERS, of the United University Club, London,
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRIGERATING AND VENTILATING CAR-
RIAGES, TRUCKS, OR OTHER MOVEABLE OR FIXED APPARATUS USED FOR CONVEYING
OR STORING ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES OF A PERISHABLE NATURE," to
be as follows, that is to say:-
The lower portion of the sides or sides and ends of the carriage, truck,
or apparatus within which are the animal or vegetable substances to be
transported or stored is made open, so as to allow free passage between
the interior and the external atmosphere. I cover this opening with
canvas properly stretched and fixed, or with any other suitable porous
material which will readily imbibe and as rapidly evaporate any liquid
with which it is saturated. The canvas is preferably kept wet by means
of pipes or other suitable medium connected with a tank filled with water
and preferably attached to the carriage or apparatus, on the top of which

page_text: there is also fixed a revolving cowl communicating with the interior of
the carriage, and divided internally by a diaphragm, so that while the
external air rushes through the passage into that part of the cowl which
.communicates with the interior of the carriage it creates a partial
vacuum and quickly draws out the air from the inside. By means of
the evaporation of water from the canvas the temperature of the interior
of the carriage is kept low, while by means of the cowl a complete
circulation of fresh air is kept up..
OBTAINING VALUABLE PRODUCTS FROM THE WASTE LIQUORS RUN OFF TANNERIES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Solomon Bennett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
October 1869.
I, SOLOMON BENNETT, of Richmond Road, Dalston, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"OBTAINING VALUABLE PRODUCTS FROM THE WASTE LIQUORS RUN OFF
TANNERIES," to be as follows:-
Heretofore the spent liquors of tanneries have been simply allowed to
run to waste, and, so far as I am informed, have never been employed
for any useful purpose. Now I have discovered that such liquors contain
a considerable amount of ammonia, and my Invention consists in
separating the ammonia from the said liquors. This I effect by dis-
tillation, or any well known process now employed for separating
ammonia from other ammoniacal liquors may be employed. The mode
which I prefer to employ is as follows:-I run the waste liquors into
covered or hooded tanks, and allow them to ferment for a time according
to the temperature of the weather, whereby the proteineous compounds
are further decomposed; when sufficiently decomposed I run said

page_text: liquors into a still, whence the ammoniacal vapour and uncombined
vapours pass through a worm or condenser to fix the condensible
vapours, whilst the other vapours are allowed to pass through a furnace
fire. The flocks and carbonate of lime can be run into subsiding vats
and the liquid run away, whilst the precipitate can be dried and used for
manure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN 'TEMPLES' EMPLOYED ON LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
January 1869.
I, JOSEPH HOLDING, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN 'TEMPLES' EMPLOYED ON LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purposo of effectually screwing the
"temples" employed in looms for weaving to the "temple bar" by a
novel arrangement of bracket and bolt that will enable the temple to
bed upon and retain the traverse tention of the cloths with the greatest
uniformity, the position of the bolt being such that it offers the greatest
facility for adjusting and fixing the templo to the temple bar.
The improvements consist in forming a transverse slot in that portion
of the temple bracket in contact with the temple bar; this slot
terminates in a hole passing through the end of the bracket, the outside
surface of which is faced. The bolt retaining the temple upon the bar
is formed with an eye which is received by the transverse slot, and

page_text: through which the bar is inserted; the screw shank projecting from
the eye being caused to pass through the bolt hole forming the
termination of the transverse slot, thus the nut when placed upon
the screw shank can be got at with the greatest ease by the operative
for the purpose of adjusting and fixing the temple upon the bar.
The improvement thus effected enables the temple to be well secured
down upon its work near to the slay..
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Campion, of the Town and County of
the Town of Nottingham, Sewing Machine Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
Sealed the 9th October 1869, and dated the 19th August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Campion
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 19th August 1869.
I, WILLIAM CAMPION, of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, Sewing Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES,"
to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in sewing machines.
For this purpose I give motion to the needle slide by one end of a lever,
the other end of which is actuated by a cam mounted on a vertical axis,

page_text: to which motion is given by means of a toothed ring formed on or fixed
to a fly wheel mounted on an axis at right angles to such vertical axis.
At the lower end of this vertical axis is carried a crank pin for working
the shuttle slide. to and fro in a line with the length of the machine,
such crank pin being connected to the shuttle slide by a link or con-
necting rod. The vertical axis also carries a pinion gearing into a pinion
on a horizontal axis below the bed plate of the machine, such horizontal
axis having at its outer end an eccentric, which gives motion to the
feed lever, as is well understood. On the upper end of the vertical axis
is mounted a crank pin, around which the needle thread is passed, so
that the thread from the bobbin is, when required, slackened to permit
of the shuttle passing through the loop thrown out from the needle, and
then when required such crank pin takes up the slack of the needle
thread.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING THREAD OB YARN UPON PIRNS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pinkerton Kerr and
William McGee at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 18th November 1869.
We, JOHN PINKERTON KERR, Manufacturer, and WILLIAM MCGEE,
Engineer, both of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING THREAD OB YARN UPON PIRNS," to be as follows,
that is to say :-
This Invention relates to contrivances designed to save waste in
winding polished thread or other hard or stiffened thread or yarn upon
pirns; but it is also applicable in winding yarns of various kinds.
One contrivance is for stopping the winding spindle when any
increased resistance occurs in drawing the thread or yarn from the hank
or bobbin, and consists of a bell crank lever, which has an eye for the
thread to pass through at the end of one arm, and when the extra
resistance occurs the thread turns over or lifts that arm of the lever,
whereupon the end of the other arm moves into the way of a wire or rib
on the spindle and prevents its rotation. To admit of being stopped in

page_text: this way the spindle is driven by friction, a disc being fixed on it against
which the driving pulley or wheel bears.
A second contrivance consists of a similar bell crank lever arranged
to operate in the opposite direction, so as that when the thread or yarn
breaks it falls over by its weight, and in doing so puts the end of one of
its arms into the way of the wire or rib on the spindle, and thereby stops
the latter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL FEEDERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Pletts at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st April
1869.
I, MATTHEW PLETTS, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL
FEEDERS," to be as follows:-
These improvements have for their object the more convenient and
economical application of oil or liquid grease to bearings and such like,
and consist in so constructing oil feeders or vessels for feeding that the
quantity of oil contained or held in the spout, tube, or other divided part
of the feeder shall be the quantity of the charge required at one time for
lubricating.
The improvements may be conveniently performed by making the
feeder or vessel of metal, with a spout at an angle in the ordinary way,
but having a prolongation of the spout, or a tube in connection there-
with within the vessel, such prolongated spout or tube being at an angle
inclined to the bottom of the vessel, and made of any size or shape, but
preferably of the same capacity as the projecting spout (or nearly so),

page_text: For.. so constructed that it may be adjusted to varying capacities or
charges by means of a moveable diaphragm or stop, or by other suitable
means, furnished with suitable perforations to admit oil, and supplied
with a ball valve, so that when the handle of feeder is depressed and the
spout raised the hall falls to the end or bottom, or on the stop of the
inner spout, and it (the inner spout) becomes charged. When elevated
the charge is delivered into the outer spout, where it is cut off by the
ball valve, and thence to the part desired. Or instead of an inner tube
the feeder or vessel may be made with a false or inner bottom either
parallel with or inclined to the true bottom, having a groove or space
covered with perforated metal or wire gauze the full length or otherwise,
and furnished with moveable stop for holding and dividing the charge,
and with a suitable valve, and made to communicate with the spout.
IMPROVING TWO-WHEELED VELOCIPEDES, COMMONLY KNOWN AS BICYCLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Thomas Braithwaite at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 31st May 1869.
I, HENRY THOMAS BRAITHWAITE, M.A., of the University of
Cambridge, and of the Honorable Society of the Inner Temple,
Barrister-at-Law, of 18, Cardington Street, London, N.W., do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVING TWO-WHEELED
VELOCIPEDES, COMMONLY KNOWN AS BICYCLES," to be as follows:-
The application of a forked rod or slide or system of rods or slides
furnished with props, rests, or rollers to either or both wheels of or
between the wheels of two-wheeled velocipedes or bicycles worked from
above, below, or sideways through bearings parallel to, or vertically, or
laterally projecting upon any supposed plane parallel to or meeting the
planes of the wheels, and forming part of or being attached to the ends,
sides, or any other part or parts of the main frame or spring sustaining
the wheels, and in combination with a lever or levers, or otherwise with
any direction of slide, and meeting or intersection of slide rods at any

page_text: point by any form of lever, which on actual trial or experiments may be
proved to be most effectual to cause in such combination any two-
wheeled velocipede or bicycle to assume and retain at the rider's option
an upright position, whether for the purposes of mounting, dismounting
from, or practising, or rosting upon the machiné.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER HANGINGS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Francis Piltz and Thomas Henry Lee, of
Newnham Street, Edgeware Road, in the County of Middlesex, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
HANGINGS."
Sealed the 22nd May 1869, and dated the 8th March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Francis Piltz
and Thomas Henry Lee at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th March 1869.
We, ROBERT FRANCIS PILTZ and THOMAS HENRY LEE, of Newnham
Street, Edgeware Road, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER HANGINGS," to be as follows (that is to say):
Our Invention has reference to the manufacture of a washable
waterproof paper hanging designated the "olea charta" to be employed

page_text: for papering walls, rooms, cielings of buildings, or for other similar
purposes, whereby discolouration of the paper by damp or moisture
(communicated from the wall to the said paper) is prevented and
thereby rendered more durable, and at the same time admit of being
washed or otherwise cleaned upon the walls without injury thereto,
whilst from its impervious character it is found advantageously suitable
for excluding insects from the crevices in the walls of bedrooms or
other apartments papered with it, and consists in coating strong
well sized paper with oil colours spread upon the surface of the same
by an apparatus (employed for the said purpose) charged with the
colouring matter, so that on the paper being drawn longitudinally
beneath the apparatus (which is mounted horizontally upon a fixed
bench or table) the colour is caused thereby to flow evenly over the
surface. The paper is then removed and hung up to dry for about
twenty-four hours and again submitted in like manner until three
successive coats have been laid on, it is then dried and finally
embellished by painting by hand, printing, and stencilling suitable
patterns or devices applied in oil colours, and by gilding and bronzing
on simple white grained or other tinted grounds as in like manner
for cielings with or without figures, borders, or other designs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MATERIALS POR PREPARING CORKS FOR RENDERING THEM IMPERMEABLE UNDER THE ACTION OF WINES AND OTHER LIQUIDS, EITHER WHEN CHARGED WITH GASES OR NOT
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd July 1869.-A communication from abroad by Auguste Müller,
of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris, France, Wine
Merchant.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 20, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE
OF AND MATERIALS POR PREPARING CORKS FOR RENDERING THEM IMPERMEABLE
UNDER THE ACTION OF WINES AND OTHER LIQUIDS, EITHER WHEN CHARGED WITH
GASES OR NOT," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to render corks impermeable and
unalterable under the action of sparkling wines, beers, and other;
gaseous liquids, as also when used for other wines, spirits, and liquids.
susceptible of deterioration when enclosed by means of a defective-.
cork.
The Invention consists, firstly, in submitting the corks to a bath of
fine olive or siccative oil, according to the nature of the liquid to be:

page_text: Lastly collodion or glycerine may be employed for preserving the
cork according to the nature of the liquid to be preserved. The corks
may also be used either when only saturated with oil or when only
coated with varnish, but it is preferred to employ the two processes
together.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF STOPPERING BOTTLES INTENDED TO CONTAIN EFFERVESCING LIQUIDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Leopold Morton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 24th September 1869.
I, GEORGE LEOPOLD MORTON, of Grosvenor Park, Camberwell, in
the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF STOPPERING BOTTLES INTENDED TO CONTAIN
EFFERVESCING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved method of stoppering bottles
containing effervescing liquids and beverages, such as soda water,
ginger beer, champagne, and such like beverages, and is intended to
supersede the use of corks and "wiring" at present employed, and
further to enable the same stopper to be used over and over again
instead of destroying it each time the stopper is withdrawn, as is now
the case with corks.
I propose to accomplish the above objects in the following manner
and by the following means, that is to say:-I form a stopper of glass
or other suitable material, cylindrical, and of a button shape at one end,
the other end being plain and rounded off, the said cylinder being formed
smaller than the opening in the neck of the bottle, and upon and
over the button-shaped end of the said cylinder I pass a cap of vul-

page_text: canized india-rubber, which by its elasticity adapts itself closely around
the head and shank part of the said button-shaped end, and thus I form
the stopper. And into each bottle I force one of such stoppers, with
the button-shaped end downwards so as to be inside the bottle, the
size and shape of the india-rubber cap aforesaid being such as to prevent
it from being removed from the bottle. And instead of holding the
bottle with the mouth upwards for filling it with the effervescing liquids
or beverages, such as soda water for example, I reverse its position or
hold it with the mouth downwards with the stopper inside the bottle;
I then proceed to fill the bottle and charge it with gas in the ordinary
way, and as the pressure increases within the bottle the elastic part of
the stopper will be forcibly pressed against the shoulder of the bottle
so as to form an air-tight stopper. For champagne and other beverages
that require the bottles to be left open until effervescence takes place
it may be found desirable to insert the stoppers after instead of before
the bottles are filled, the pressure from the contents of the bottles in all
cases serving to force the stopper against the inside of the neck of the
bottle so as to form an air-tight stopper. And in order to discharge
the contents of bottles thus stoppered it is only necessary to strike the
outer and projecting end of the stopper a sharp blow with the palm of
the hand, the effect of which will be to force the elastic end of the stopper
away from the shoulder or neck of the bottle, when the contents will
out, the stopper remaining in the bottle ready for use when the bottle is
again filled.
pass
IMPROVEMENTS IN METERS FOR MEASURING LIQUIDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd July 1869.-A. communication from abroad by James Plumer
Smith, of Cleveland, in the State of Ohio, United States of
America.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN METERS FOR
MEASURING LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide an improved meter for
measuring water and other liquids as they flow from their reservoirs,
and which shall be so constructed and arranged as to give the exact
amount of the liquid passing through it whatever may be the head or
pressure under which the liquid flows.
The Invention consists in the combination with each other of a conical
and needle valve, and their adaptation to the ingress and egress pipes of
a meter for measuring liquids. To this end the liquid enters the body
of the meter through an ingress pipe that projects into the body of the

page_text: meter; this pipe should be larger than the egress pipe, so that the
body of the meter may be kept full of liquid and under pressure. The
inner end of the ingress pipe has a cone valve placed in it, the stem of
which passes through a skeleton partition or frame placed in the ingress
pipe and through a hole in an arm attached to the upper end of the
pipe or to some other suitable support, so that the valve may always
move up and down in a vertical line. To this valve is attached an arm
carrying a needle valve which is slightly tapered and which enters a
small pipe, so that however much or little the inner end of the ingress
pipe may be opened by the inward pressure of the water, the mouth of
the small pipe will be opened in exactly the same ratio; thus the
amount of water entering the meter through the ingress pipe and
escaping through the small pipe will always have to each other exactly
the same ratio. By measuring the water as it escapes from the small
pipe the exact amount of water that has passed through the meter will
be known. The meter may be provided with an automatic registering
device, so that the amount of water that passes through it may be
recorded.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING MINES, DRAINS, AND OTHER PLACES, AND EXTRACTING NOXIOUS GASES, SMOKE, AND VAPOURS THEREPROM, SUCH APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR COMMUNICATING SOUND
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Henry at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
August 1869.-A communication from abroad by Jean Jacques
Danduran, of 17, Boulevart Saint Martin, Paris, France.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of 68, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING MINES, DRAINS, AND OTHER
PLACES, AND EXTRACTING NOXIOUS GASES, SMOKE, AND VAPOURS THEREPROM,
SUCH APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR COMMUNICATING SOUND," com-
municated to me from abroad by Jean Jacques Danduran, of 17,
Boulevart Saint Martin, Paris, France, to be as follows:-'
The Invention consists of an apparatus for ventilating suitable for
drawing off or removing carbonic acid gas, foul air, and other foul,..
noxious, or vitiated air, gases, or vapours from places containing the
same, as, for instance, mines, quarries, manufactories, wells, holds of ships,
waterclosets, sewers, and the like, also for drawing off the smoke from
burning structures, and for supplying fresh air to the said places and
structures. It may be used for communicating intelligence by sound.

page_text: The apparatus consists of a fan blower or ventilating drum combined
with pipes, tubes, or air passages furnished with valves.
To avoid repetition I describe the apparatus applied to a mine, but
it is applied in like manner to the other places above mentioned.
One pipe proceeds from the fan blower or drum to the outside of the
mine (or other place to be ventilated or dealt with for the above
purposes), that is to say, into the open air; another pipe leads from the
fan blower or ventilating drum into the interior of the mine, with various
parts of which it may communicate by a number of branch pipes;
a third pipe leads from the fan to the second pipe at a part of its length;
a fourth pipe leads from the second pipe to the first pipe. Communica-
tion is opened and closed between these pipes by means of valves, ball
valves being used by preference. When the fan is worked the apparatus
will either extract foul air, vapour, or gases, or supply fresh air according
as to which of the pipes are opened and which closed, that is to say,
either the fresh air will be drawn by the fan through the first into the
second tube, or noxious or vitiated air and gases will be drawn from the
second into the first and thence expelled.
Sound for the communication of intelligence will be readily transmitted
through the arrangement of tubes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Wood Horsfield and
Joseph Wood Horsfield at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd January 1869.
We, JAMES WOOD HORSFIELD and JOSEPH WOOD HORSFIELD, both
of Vulcan Iron Works, Dewsbury, in the County of York, Engineers
and Boiler Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to boilers of the class known as Cornish boilers,
in which the heat and products of combustion pass from the furnace
through two cylindrical flues which are contained in the outer shell of
the boiler, and surrounded by the water in the said boiler.
According to our Invention we construct the said boilers as follows !—
Instead of making the two flues referred to open from end to end, so
that the products of combustion shall pass from the furnace directly into
and through each of the said flues, and thence into the flues leading to
the chimney, we close the back end of the boiler and connect the rear
ends of the said flues inside the boiler by a cross flue or bend, so as to
form a continuous cylindrical flue. We form behind the fire bridges of
the two separate furnaces of the boiler a combustion chamber, into

page_text: which each of the said furnaces opens. The continuous cylindrical
flue herein-before referred to opens into and passes from the combustion
chamber to the rear end of the boiler, and thence back to the front
part of the said boiler immediately behind the combustion chamber.
Here the said flue joins a short vertical flue, the lower end of which
opens
into a longitudinal flue formed between the brickwork setting and
the under part of the boiler. The rear end of this flue opens into a flue
formed between the brickwork setting and the side of the boiler, which
said flue is connected by a cross flue under the front end of the boiler
with a return flue on the opposite side of the boiler, which said flue
passes to the rear end of the said boiler, and thence to the chimney.
The rear end of the continuous flue is supported within the shell of the
boiler by stays, and the said flue is strengthened by cross tubes of the
ordinary kind, through which the water circulates. The products of
combustion pass from each of the furnaces over the bridges into the
combustion chamber, and thence through the continuous flue in the
boiler to the rear end of the said boiler and back to the vertical flue.
Thence the said products of combustion pass through the flues outside
the boiler, that is to say, through the flue under the boiler, from the
rear end of that flue into one of the side flues, thence through the flue
under the front end of the boiler into the other side flue, and thence to
the chimney.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CONDENSER CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Brooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
February 1869.
I, SAMUEL BROOKE, of Brighouse, in the County of York, Card
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CONDENSER CARDING ENGINES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to means of dividing or separating the carded
fibres of wool or other fibrous substances passing under treatment by
carding engines in the doffing thereof, so as to produce strips to be
formed into rovings by the rubbers of the condensing machine, and my
improvements consist in the application of a series of knives or blades
fixed (by preference) in front of the doffer cylinder at suitable distances
apart and so as to enter slightly info or between the card teeth. Also in
the employment of a series of combs or "doffing plates," or one such
plate, so formed by spaces at intervals as to work or reciprocate in
betwixt the knives or blades for stripping the film of wool or fibre
from the doffer in strips or ribbons. Also a grooved roller placed in

page_text: front of the knives (which enter therein) to receive and carry the strips
of wool or fibre forward therefrom to a pair of grooved rollers, which
conduct the same to the ordinary rubbers of the condensing machine,
one of these rollers being formed with concave grooves and the other
with convex, or so as to fit in the grooves of the other roller: Or instead
of these combs or doffing plates I may use a card roller to work in front
of the knives, and so placed that the said knives will enter into the card
teeth to strip the fibre from the doffer and deliver the same in strips
to the pair of grooved rollers to be thence delivered to the rubbers as
before.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FENCING, AND IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Walter Neame at the
Office of the Commissioners of latents, with his Petition, on the
24th June 1869.
I, WILLIAM WALTER NEAME, of Birchington, in the County of Kent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FENCING, AND IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF," to be
as follows:-
The first part of my Invention consists in the construction of fencing,
as more particularly hercin-after described, of pieces of metal linked or
hooked together. I make the links of which the fencing is composed with
hooks or rings of by preference of one or other of the shapes or forms
shown in the accompanying Drawings. The links of which the fencing
when put together is composed are made of varying lengths, according
to the pattern to be made, or the strength required to be obtained, or
the size of the spaces to be produced in the fencing. Fencing con-
structed according to my Invention is strong and very portable, and
capable of being folded into a comparatively small compass. I prefer
to make fencing according to my Invention of galvanized iron wire,

page_text: but of course it may be made of iron or other metal without being
galvanized.
The second part of my Invention consists. in the construction and
employment of instruments, tools, or apparatus, as hereafter described,
for shaping or forming the hooks and loops in the ends of the metal rods
to he connected together, and of either of the shapes or forms before
referred to. The end of the metal being bent to a hooked-shaped form,
which accomplish by passing it round a mandril of the size I desire
the hook to be made, and bending the metal round the same, the hook
being removed therefrom I place it on another toot which holds the
hook end securely; I then pass the petal round a mandril of the shape
or form I wish it to assume, and after surrounding the same I pass the
metal under or through the loop formed by the hook, and which may be
further secured by hammering or otherwise. In this way a loop of
either of the forms shown in the accompanying Drawings may with
facility be produced, according to the shape of the mandril used. To
unite one loop, to another looped piece of metal I form a slot in the
mandril to receive the loop, I then pass one end of the metal through
the loop, round the mandril, secure the same as before, and so I have
one loop within another, By these means and by the employment of
tools as described I am able to connect together any number of links
I may desire, and in any shape or form that fancy, taste, or experience
may suggest.