IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING PACKING FOR PISTONS AND OTHER ANALOGOUS USES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, ROBERT HEATON TAYLOR, of Sheffield in the County of York, Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE
TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING PACKING FOR PISTONS AND OTHER ANALOGOUS
USES, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to the
manufacture or construction and improved formation of spring packing for
expanding or distending the rings of pistons and analogous parts of steam engines
air pumps and other apparatus.
The especial object of the Invention is to produce such packing of an improved
formation, and of considerable strength, great lightness, and perfect evenness of
bearing at all parts in its radial and vertical expansive action in distending and
separating the piston rings, and forming a perfectly steam tight joint with a
minimum of friction.
The piston block and its covers may be of any usual formation, and may be
bolted or otherwise secured together in any usual manner. The piston rings may
also be any usual formation each being however made with an internal flange and
preferably with a squared inner seating; the openings in the rings may be fitted
with gluts in any usual manner.
The improved packing comprises a duplicate arrangement of spring rings which
are seated within the seatings of the piston rings and an intermediate spring which
gives the radial and vertical expansive action to the said spring rings which act
upon the piston rings.
The spring rings are made of any suitable hard elastic metal such as cast iron,
steel, or gun metal, and of such a conformation as will allow of their being fitted
within the seatings of the piston rings and they are formed at equal or irregular
distances apart with inner projecting ribs or bars arranged radially with a bearing
surface at an angle of 45 degrees, or ribs or bars may be formed externally, of the
spring rings so as to have their bearings in the said seatings of the piston rings the
plane part of each spring ring then being angularly arranged in like manner.
When spring rings of any modification of this formation are seated within the
piston rings, their inner bearing surfaces thus form an angle of 90 degrees.

page_text: The spring is preferably made of steel either cast or rolled or tempered if
required and of a right angled formation as regards its external edge so that it will
fit between the said spring rings in such a manner as that it will give an equal
expansion thereto radially and vertically. It is preferred to make the springs with
the back or inner circumference hollowed but of a greater strength or thickness
than the point or outer circumference; or slots may. be punched in the spring at
suitable distances apart to equalize the expansion.
The spring is made of a larger diameter than that of the spring rings, and the
diameter of these is made larger than that of the piston rings, so that when the
springs are compressed within the spring rings, and the latter within the piston
rings, and the piston cover is bolted down, a sufficient and even distension of the
piston rings is effected, ensuring a perfectly tight and elastic joint.
Apart from its combination with the means and its use in the manner herein
described no claim is made to the formation of the spring.

page_text: I, ROBERT HEATON TAYLOR, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE
TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRING PACKING FOR PISTONS AND OTHER ANALOGOUS
USES," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in or applicable to the
manufacture or construction and improved formation of spring packing.
for
expanding or distending the rings of pistons and analogous parts of steam engines
air pumps and other apparatus.
The especial object of the Invention is to produce such packing of an improved
formation, and of considerable strength, great lightness, and perfect evenness of
bearing at all parts in its radial and vertical expansive action in distending and
separating the piston rings and forming a perfectly steam tight joint with a
minimum of friction.
The piston block and its covers may be of any usual formation, and may be
bolted or otherwise secured together in any usual manner, and it has therefore not
been considered necessary to illustrate such parts on the accompanying Drawings..
On the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1, represents a sectional elevation of the
rings of a piston with the improved packing in position between them. Figs. 2, 3,
and, 4, represent similar views, respectively of one of the piston rings, and of one
of the spring rings and the spring composing such improved packing. Fig. 5,
represents a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6, represents a similar view to that of Fig. 1, but illustrates a modified
formation of the packing. Fig. 7, represents in section one of the spring rings
illustrated in Fig. 6. Fig. 8, represents a further modified formation of the spring,
and Fig. 9, represents in plan view, one half of the spring ring and one half of the
spring respectively illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8.
The piston rings, 1, may be of any usual formation, each being, however, made
with an internal flange, 2, and preferably with a squared inner seating, 3; the
openings in the rings may be fitted with gluts, 4, in any usual manner.
The improved packing comprises a duplicate arrangement of spring rings, 5,
which are seated within the said seatings of the piston rings, and an intermediate
spring, 6, which gives the radial and vertical expansive action to the said spring
rings which act directly upon the piston rings.
The spring rings are made of any suitable hard elastic metal such as cast iron,
steel, or gun metal, and of such a conformation as will allow of their being fitted
within the said seatings of the piston rings, and they are formed at equal or
irregular distances apart with inner projecting ribs or bars, 7, arranged radially
with their faces against which the spring bears at an angle preferably of 45 degrees
as illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, and, 5; or, as illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, and 9, the ribs
or bars, 7, may be formed externally of the spring rings so as to have their bearings
in the said seatings of the piston rings, the plane part of each spring ring then
being angularly arranged in like manner as hereinbefore referred to, for the spring
to bear against..
When spring rings of any modification of this formation are seated within the
piston rings, their inner bearing surfaces thus form an angle of 90 degrees, but I
desire it should be understood that I do not limit myself to this precise angle which
is more advisable than it is arbitrary, and that the angle formed by such bearing
surfaces may either be somewhat more obtuse or acute than that of 90 degrees.

page_text: The spring is preferably made of steel either cast or rolled or tempered if
required, and of a right angled formation as regards its external edge, or of such
an angular formation as that it will fit between the said spring rings as shown in
Fig. 6, in such a manner as that it will give an equal expansion radially and vertically
to both of such spring rings. It is preferred to make the springs with the back or
inner circumference hollowed and of a greater sectional strength or thickness at
the part opposite the opening of the spring than at the opening or the springs may
be formed with transverse ribs or stays, 8, at parts, as shown in Figs. 1, and, 4, or
slots 9, may be punched in the spring at suitable distances apart, as shown in
Figs. 8, and, 9, to equalize the strength of the spring.
The spring is made of a slightly larger diameter than that of the spring rings,
and the diameter of these is made slightly larger than that of the piston rings, so
that when the springs are compressed within the spring rings, and the latter within
the piston rings, and the piston cover is bolted down, a sufficient and even distension
of the piston rings is effected ensuring a perfectly tight and elastic joint, and
Bufficient resiliency is left to ensure the continuance of the same action between the
parts as the piston rings become worn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what.
I claim is
The combination in spring packing for pistons and other analogous uses of
the double acting spring, 6, having opposing angular bearing faces, with the
correspondingly conformed duplicate spring rings, 5, when such parts are arranged
to operate upon the piston rings or parts to be distended substantially as
hereinbefore described.
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