Improvements in Centrifugal Liquid Separators.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Centrifugal Liquid Separators.
I, ROBERT ASHTON LISTER of The Towers, Dursley in the County of
Gloucester Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention a com-
munication to me from abroad by Joseph de Labroquerie Taché of St. Hyacinthe
in the Province of Quebec, Canada, Dairy Engineer to be as follows:→
The centrifugal drum or bowl is divided up into concentric sections each
containing a number of plates set at an angle with the direction of the radii of the
bowl and so arranged that the blades or rings in one section stand at an angle with
the blades or rings in the adjoining section or sections, and so that the plates of
each of the sections starting from the centre and going to the circumference is on
an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the plates of the adjoining
outer section the corresponding edges of the plates in one section consequently
having to enter into the spaces between the plates of another section.
The plates may be in the form of vertical blades or of superposed rings and are
held together or stiffened by metal bauds, rods or other suitable means.
According to one arrangement independent concentric ring sections are employed
formed by a number of plates vertical or superposed arranged as described so that
to fit the sections into the bowl the edges of the plates of adjoining sections have
to be inserted in the spaces between the plates of each other. The skim milk and
the cream each going its own direction alternately creep over the plates of each
section passing from the face of a plate in one section to the opposite face of the
corresponding plate in the following section.
In another arrangement continuous independent zigzag or angularly deflected
plates vertical or superposed are employed, with lip over-lapping the deflection and
with a row of small holes close to the lip for the passage of the skim milk. The
skim milk travels alongside a plate all through from the centre of the bowl to the
periphery alternately passing through the small holes, from one side of the plate in
one section to the other side of the same plate in the next section. The cream
travels in the space left between two plates from periphery to centre, creeping on
one plate in one section and then creeping over the lip at each deflection to the
adjoining plate in the next section.
A combination of the two arrangements consists of three successive sets or
sections of independent and removable concentric superposed rings with deflected
edges, the inner and outer edges of adjoining sections overlapping each other.
The skim milk and the cream going in opposite directions creep alternately over
the plates of each section passing from the face of a plate in one section to the
opposite face of the corresponding plate in the next section.
When the plates are vertical, (but slanting in plan) they are suitable for
separators having tube inlet and outlet such for instance as the freely poised
so called "Alexandra " bowl in its present form, and to the old De Laval separator
bowl. The milk in these cases has to travel circularly around the bowl in placing
itself for separation and also in passing towards the skim milk outlet. The
difficulty of sufficiently filling the spaces in the bowl would increase with the
distance from the centre, and to overcome this, the angle at which the plates or
blades intersect the radius is increased from section to section. The angles will

page_text: have to be calculated from the number of plates that can be practically put
together in the innermost section and with a view to have the plates as much as
possible at the same perpendicular distance from each other in the different
sections. The angle at which the rings in the Laval bowl are placed may be
settled for the innermost section and is to be increased in the following sections.
Over the conically raised bottom of the bowl may be provide a shield or
partition that terminates at the centre in a short funnel which receives the whole
milk the latter flowing outwardly under the shield.
Dated this 9th day of April 1896
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
Improvements in Centrifugal Liquid Separators.
I, ROBERT ASHTON LISTER of The Towers Dursley in the County of
Gloucester, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention a com-
munication to me from abroad by Joseph de Labroquerie Taché of St. Hyacinthe
in the Province of Quebec Canada Dairy Engineer and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The centrifugal drum or bowl is divided up into concentric sections each
containing a number of plates set at an angle with the direction of the radii of the
bowl and so arranged that the blades or rings in one section stand at an angle with
the blades or rings in the adjoining section or sections, and so that the plates of
cach of the sections starting from the centre and going to the circumference is of
an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the plates of the adjoining
outer section the corresponding edges of the plates in one section consequently
having to enter into the spaces between the plates of another section.
The plates may be in the form of vertical blades or of superposed rings and are
held together or stiffened by metal bands, rods or other suitable means.
According to one arrangement shewn in the vertical sectional view Fig. 1 and
the plan section Fig. 2 independent concentric ring sections are employed formed
by a number of vertical plates A A' A' arranged as described so that to fit the
sections into the bowl B the edges of the plates of adjoining sections have to be
inserted in the spaces between the plates of each other. The skim milk and the
cream each going its own direction alternately creep over the plates of each section
passing from the face of a plate in one section to the opposite face of the corre-
sponding plate in the following section. The plates A A A are provided with
distance lugs or flanges at top and bottom to support each other, and the middle
wall CC are fixed to the interior of the bowl B and serve to support the two
assemblage of plates. But the plates may be fixed in any other suitable manner so
long as they can be easily cleaned in their places or can be easily removed.
In another arrangement shewn in the vertical and horizontal half sections Figs. 3
and 4 continuous independent zigzag or angularly deflected plates A A¹ A super-
posed are employed, with lip overlapping the deflection and with a row of small
holes a close to the lip for the passage of the skim milk as shewn more clearly in
the enlarged vertical section Fig. 5. The skim milk travels alongside a plate all
through from the centre of the bowl to the periphery alternately passing through
the small holes, from one side of the plate in one section to the other side of the
same plate in the next section. The cream travels in the space left between two
plates from periphery to centre, creeping on one plate in one section and then

page_text: creeping over the lip at each deflection to the adjoining plate in the next section.
The arrows indicate the directions of travel of the liquids.
Another arrangement is shewn in Figs. 6 and 7 and consists of three successive
sets or sections A A' A2 of independent and removable concentric superposed rings
with deflected edges, the inner and outer edges of adjoining sections overlapping
each other. The skim milk and the cream going in opposite directions creep
alternately over the plates of each section passing from the face of a plate A in
one section to the opposite face of the corresponding plate A' in the next section
and then to the opposite face of the corresponding plate A³.
Fig. 8 shews a similar arrangement in which the lower edges of the plates are
somewhat turned up. Fare bolts for uniting the plates.
When the plates are vertical (but slanting in plan) as in Figs. 1 and 2 they are
suitable for separators having tube inlet and outlet such for instance as the freely
poised so-called "Alexandra" bowl in its present for.n, aul to the old De Laval
separator bowl. The milk in these cases has to travel circularly around the bowl
in placing itself for separation and also in passing towards the skim milk outlet.
The difficulty of sufficiently filling the spaces in the bowl would increase with the
distance from the centre, and to overcome this, the angle at which the plates or
blades intersect the radius is increased from section to section. Thus the angles
may for instance be 40° for A2 45° for A¹ and 50° for A. The angles will have
to be calculated from the number of plates that can be practically put together in
the innermost section and with a view to have the plates as much as possible at the
same perpendicular distance from each other in the different sections. The angle
at which the rings in the Laval bowl are placed may be settled for the innermost
section and is to be increased in the following sections.
Over the conically raised bottom of the bowl may as shewn in Figs. 3 to 8 be
provided a shield or partition D that terminates at the ceutre in a short funnel E
which receives the whole milk the latter flowing outwardly under the shield.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In centrifugal liquid separators the application and use of sets of plates
which divide the bowl into concentric zoues, the plates in one set standing at an
angle to the plates in the other set or sets and the plates in each set as starting
from the centre and going to the circumference being of an outer diameter larger
than the inner diameter of the plates in the adjoining outer set and so that the
edges of the plates of one set enter the spares between the plates of the next set
substantially as described and shewn whereby the liquids travel in a zigzag or
broken manner to or from the centre of the bowl.
2. In an arrangement of plates as firstly claimed the placing of the sets at angles
which increase set by set from the centre to the circumference substantially as
described and shewn."
3. The internal construction or arrangement of centrifugal separator bowl
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
4. The internal construction or arrangement of centrifugal separator bowl.
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 3 to 5.
5. The internal construction or arrangement of centrifugal separator bowl
substantially as described with reference to Figs. 6 to 8.
6. The construction of funnel E with shield D substantially as described and
shewn.
Dated this Ninth day of January 1897.
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.