IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOOR CLOTH AND LEATHER CLOTH OR TM LAUFD
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Charles, of No. 9, Ironmonger Lane, 'in 'the
City of London, and Charles Taylor, of No. 10, Heath Street,
Newton Heath, near Manchester, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOOR CLOTH AND LEATHER CLOTH OR
TM LAUFD
"
Sealed the 12th December 1871, and dated the 4th July 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Charles and
Charles Taylor at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th July 1871.
We, JOHN CHARLES, of No. 9, Ironmonger Lane, in the City of
London, and CHARLES TAYLOR, of No. 10, Heath Street, Newton Heath,
near Manchester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OP FLOOR CLOTH AND LEATHER CLOTH
OR IMITATION LEATHER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
floor cloth and leather cloth or imitation leather.
We take boiled linseed or other drying oil, and again boil it with
caustic lime and borax, say, one pound of each to the hundredweight of

page_text: oil. The boiling is continued for many hours until the oil when cold
is nearly as stiff as putty. We then knead into the mass another
half pound of caustic line, or we wash and knead it well in lime water
or milk of lime. We also knead into the boiled oil an equal weight or
more of ground cork. We spread the compound with rollers upon a t
woven fabric, and afterwards we rub down the surface with a pumice
stone roller.
When in place of oil boiled with lime and borax oil which has been
oxidized by exposure to air is used, we also employ lime in the manner
above described, either kneading it into the oxidized oil or working the 1
oxidized oil in lime water or milk of lime.
Together with ground cork, or as a substitute for it fibrous materials
such as paper pulp may be used. Pigment may also be added to the
compound.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Charles and Charles Taylor in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 3rd January 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JoшN
CHARLES, of No. 9, Ironmonger Lane, in the City of London, and
CHARLES TAYLOR, of No. 10, Heath Street, Newton Heath, near
Manchester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent; bearing date the Fourth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-fifth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said John Charles and Charles Taylor, Her special
license that we, the said John Charles and Charles Taylor, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Charles
and Charles Taylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOOR CLOTH AND LEATHER CLOTH
OR IMITATION LEATHER," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said John Charles and Charles Taylor, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calender months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Charles, on behalf of myself
and the said Charles Taylor, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
floor cloth and leather cloth or imitation leather.
We take boiled linseed or other drying oil, and again boil it with
caustic lime and borax, say, one pound of each to the hundredweight of
oil. The boiling is continued for many hours until the oil when cold is
nearly as stiff as putty.
Manganate of soda may also advantageously be employed in this
process, being substituted for the borax. In this case the boiling will
occupy from six to eight hours. When the material is cooled we knead
into the mass another half pound of caustic lime or better still, we wash
and knead it well in lime water or milk of lime.
We also in making floor cloth knead into the boiled oil an equal
weight or more ground cork. We spread the compound with rollers
upon a woven fabric, and afterwards in some cases we rub down the
surface with a pumice stone roller.
Together with ground cork, or as a substitute for it, fibrous material,
such as paper pulp may be used. The fibre may conveniently be
carded. The batt or fleece is then laid on the composition and passed
with it between rollers. This operation is repeated until the full
quantity of fibre has been worked in.
In making leather cloth or imitation leather neither cork dust or fibre
is required. In some cases we soften the composition by the addition of

page_text: rape oil or other non-drying oil. Pigment may also be added to the
compound.
In place of lime other alkaline earth may be employed, but less
advantageously.
In place of oil boiled with lime, as above described, oil which has been
oxidized by exposure to air may be used, and in such case we employ
lime in the manner above described, either kneading it into the oxidized
oil or working the oxidized oil in lime water or milk of lime. We thus
bring the oxidized oil into a state fit for use without the addition of
resins, as is now usual.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, we would have it understood that we
claim as our improvements in the manufacture of floor cloth and leather
cloth or imitation leather,-
First. The treatment of boiled linsced or other drying oil with an
alkaline carth, such as lime, in the preparation of the covering compo-
sition, substantially as described.
Second. The treatment of oxidized oil with an alkaline earth, such as
lime, in the preparation of the covering composition, substantially as
described.
Third. The manufacture of floor cloth and leather cloth or imitation
leather, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jolin Charles, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this Third day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
JOHN CHARLES