IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TURRET OR CLOCK-TOWER AND SUCH LIKE BELLS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ewald Riepe, of Finsbury Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TURRET OR CLOCK-TOWER AND SUCH
LIKE BELLS." A communication.
Sealed the 6th January 1854, and dated the 9th July 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ewald Riepe at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th July 1853.
I, EWALD RIEPE, of Finsbury Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iμ-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TURRET OR CLOCK-TOWER AND SUCH
LIKE BELLS" to be as follows:-
I compose my bells entirely of cast steel, and obtain different tones
by increasing or lessening the thickness of metal, and by varying the
shape and size. In order to form the moulds in which my castings are
made I form the body of my moulds of the same materials as those
ordinarily employed in metal castings, in loam, or of any similar suit-
able material; but all these parts which are to come in direct contact

page_text: with the steel are formed of a fire-proof mixture which will become
spongious or porous when dry, and which will at the same time be
sufficiently cohesive and plastic to enable it to be moulded into any
shape required, and when in such shape to resist the pressure of the
steel while being poured in, and sufficiently fire-proof to resist the heat
of the mictal.
The mixture I have found best to answer these requirements is com-
posed of one part of rich fire-clay, and five parts of stuff' produced by
pounding and reducing to powder crucibles that have been employed
for the melting of steel; but I reserve to myself the right of forming
moulds for casting steel faced in those parts which will come in contact
with the steel, with a mixture possessing the before-named qualitics.
In pouring the steel into the moulds for producing the bells, care
must be taken to pour in a sufficient amount of metal to ensure its
reaching the bottom and all parts of the mould before cooling.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ewald Riepe in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 9th January 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EWALD
RIEPE, of Finsbury Square, in the County of Middlesex, Chemist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Ewald Riepe, Her special licence
that I, the said Ewald Riepe, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Ewald Riepe, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
'expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF TURRET OR CLOCK-TOWER AND SUCH LIKE BELLS," (a
communication,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Ewald Riepe, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ewald Riepe, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof (that is to say):
I compose my bells entirely of cast stecl, and obtain different tones
by increasing or lessening the thickness of metal, and by varying the
shape and size.
In order to form the mould in which my castings are made I
form the body of my moulds of the same materials as those ordi-
narily employed in metal castings, in loam, or of any similar suitable
material, but all those parts which are to come in direct contact with
the steel are formed of a fire-proof mixture, which will become
spongeous or porous when dry, and which will at the same time be
sufliciently cohesive and plastic to enable it to be moulded into any
shape required; and when in such shape to resist the pressure of the
steel while being poured in, and sufficiently fire-proof to resist the heat
of the metal. The mixture I have found best to answer these require-
ments is composed of one part of rich fire-clay and five parts of stuff'
produced by pounding and reducing to powder crucibles which have been
employed for the melting of steel. In pouring the steel into the moulds
for producing the bells, care must be taken to pour in a sufficient
amount of metal to ensure its reaching the bottom and all parts of the
mould before cooling.
The steel which I prefer to employ for the manufacture of the bells
is a highly carbonised cast steel, as the sound is richer, fuller, and more

page_text: melodious than that produced from bells made of any other description
of cast steel.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the
manufacture of turret, clock-tower, and such like bells, of cast steel.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ewald Riepe, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
E. RIEPE. (L.S.)