Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 18th Mar., 1887.
We RICHARD ASTLEY and WILLIAM ASTLEY both of 18 Burlington Street, Bolton
in the County of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to vertical steam boilers and consists in an improved construc
tion or arrangement of such boilers and in the use of water jackets for their
combustion chambers and smoke boxes, the object of our improvements being to
obtain a larger heating surface and better utilisation of the fuel than is ordinarily
obtained.
In order that our invention may be more readily ascertained and carried into effect,
we have hereunto appended a sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference.
Figure 1 shows a vertical section of our improved boiler and figure 2 a horizontal
section or plan at the level of the tubes.
One part of our improvements consists in making the fire box a of a special shape
as shewn.
The lower part above the grate consists of a frustrum of a vertical
cone b c d e to which the frustrum of another cone bcfg is joined with a curve and
at an angle so as to meet the outer shell plate which is flanged inwards for rivetting
the fire box to it. By preference the firebox is made of plates bent over blocks to the
required shape and welded together, but for the larger sizes the plates may be rivetted.
Above the firebox the shell plates h and i are dished or flanged as shewn so as to form
flat tube plates both of which project to the outside beyond the circumference of the
circular shell above and below them, and tubes ; are fixed in these plates in the
ordinary manner. By this arrangement of the tube plates longer tubes and con-
sequently a larger heating surface are obtained than when the plates are dished
inwards or one dished inwards and the other outwards. The back plate h is made
long enough below the tubes to meet the throat of the firebox and is flanged inwards
and riveted to it as shewn. In boilers of larger size one or more conical cross tubes
may be inserted in the firebox as indicated by dotted lines on figure 1.
In consequence of the construction or shape of the firebox hereinbefore described
the internal area of the firebox gradually and continuously diminishes from the grate

page_text: to the throat, whereby a more uniform draught over the whole grate area and a better
intermixture of the flame and gases are obtained than when the firebox has a flat or
convex top with a small flue tube at the side or top.
The gases
or flame pass out from the firebox into a combustion chamber k fixed to
the back of the boiler. Such chambers are usually formed of a ring or frame lined
with fire brick or gannister and closed by similarly lined plates 1. Another part of
our improvements consists in forming the ring or frame hollow inside and passing
the water from the feeding apparatus through this hollow frame to the boiler, so as to
form a jacket for the frame and thereby protect it from being burnt and to heat the
feedwater previous to its introduction into the boiler. By preference we form this
hollow frame as shewn out of a flat plate m and a trough shaped plate n bent into the
required frame and welded or riveted together at the edges and attach the frame by
angleirons or straps to the boiler shell. The back plates are bolted to the water
jacketed frame or to an angle or cast iron frame p. riveted or bolted to it. The feed-
water is by preference admitted to the jacket at or near the top of the frame and
discharged at the bottom through a pipe or pipes q into a sediment collector r from
which it passes through the pipes into the boiler.
Instead of passing the feedwater through the jacket, in some cases we introduce it
into the boiler in the ordinary manner and connect the water jacket of the combustion
chamber at the top and bottom by pipes to the water space of the boiler.
To the front side of the boiler a smoke box t is fixed provided with a door u and
chimney v arranged as usual. The ring or frame w of the smoke box may be made
hollow or water jacketed in a similar manner as hereinbefore described, with reference
to the combustion chamber and the feedwater passed first through this water jacket
and thence through a pipe to the water jacket of the combustion chamber, or the
smoke box only may be water jacketed and the combustion chamber made without a
water jacket and lined with gannister or firebrick in the usual manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is
Firstly, the general arrangement or construction of vertical steam boilers substan-
tially as hereinbefore described and illustrated, either with or without a water jacket to
the combustion chamber and smoke box or to either of them.
Secondly, the construction or formation of the fireboxes of vertical steam boilers of
the frustra of two cones joined together at an angle substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by the drawings.
Thirdly, the arrangement of water jackets to the external combustion chambers of
vertical steam boilers, substantially as herein before described.
EMMOTT & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.