IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MIXING AND KNEADING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MIXING AND KNEADING." A communication from abroad by Benoit Désiré
Alphonse Croisot, of Honfleur, in the Republic of France.
Sealed the 21st October 1879, and dated the 28th April 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1879.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR MIXING AND KNEADING." A communication from abroad by
Benoit Désiré Alphonse Croisot, of Honfleur, in the Republic of France.
The Invention relates to machinery by which all sorts of plastic material, such as
argillaceous or farinaceous pastes, fatty matter, plastic substances for making
statues or ornaments, &c., can be kneaded and mixed either alone or together with
foreign substances, and consists in a grooved conical roller, placed and worked
radially to a disc shaped table, the table revolving on a fixed axis and supported by
friction rollers, while the position of the said conical roller can be regulated by
screws, so as to bring it nearer to or further away from the table, the substance to
be mixed or kneaded being placed upon the table, and thus brought into contact
with the grooved surface of the revolving roller. The axle, of the roller and the
toothed circumference of the table are set in motion by gearing driven from a hand
wheel or crank. A perforated tube placed above the roller serves for supplying
water to the latter when desired. The centre post of the table carries a lever
provided at its end with a knife or style, which may be depressed upon the
plastic substance on the table so as to divide it into two zones; guide blades are
also provided, which direct the plastic substance from the circumference and centre
of the table towards the centre of the roller, and the machine may be made wholly
or partly of metal or any other suitable material.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th
October 1879.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MIXING AND KNEADING." A communication from abroad
by Benoit Désiré Alphonse Croisot, of Honfleur, in the Republic of France.
The Invention relates to machinery by which all sorts of plastic material, such as
argillaceous or farinaceous pastes, fatty matter, plastic substances for making statues
or ornaments, &c., can be kneaded and mixed, either alone or together with foreign
substances, and consists in a grooved conical roller placed and worked radially to a
disc-shaped table, the table revolving on a fixed axis and supported by friction
rollers, while the position of the said conical roller can be regulated by screws so as
to bring it nearer to or further away from the table, the substance to be mixed of
kneaded being placed upon the table, and thus brought into contact with the.
grooved surface of the revolving roller. The axle of the roller and the toothed
circumference of the table are set in motion by gearing driven from a hand wheel
or crank. A perforated tube placed above the roller serves for supplying water to
the latter when desired. The centre post of the table carries a lever, provided at its
end with a knife or stile, which may be depressed upon the plastic substance on the
table, so as to divide it into two zones; guide blades are also provided which direct
the plastic substance from the circumference and centre of the table towards the
centre of the roller, and the machine may be made wholly or partly of metal or any
other suitable material.
The accompanying Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents a vertical section; Fig. 2,
a plan; and Fig. 3, a front elevation, give an example of the improved mixing and
kneading machine. The motion is derived from a handle A attached to the fly
wheel B, which is keyed on the shaft c, and transmitted by means of the spur
wheels D, E, to the grooved conical roller F, which may be of wood, cast iron, or
other suitable material, according to the substances to be treated. The level
wheel G being keyed upon the shaft H of the roller transmits the motion upon the
toothed turntable U by means of the level wheel I and the pinion J. The cast iron
turntable, which may be furnished with wood where desirable, and have an inclined
position, revolves round the axle K, being supported by the central stand L and
the friction rollers placed on the stands N. Two screws O serve to raise or lower
the roller and its mechanism, thereby regulating the distance between the table and
the roller according to the matter to be treated; P and Q are guides or blades for
guiding the matter to be treated under the conical roller; R is a pipe provided
with small perforations to supply a spray of water when required. The machine is
used in the following manner: A suitable quantity of plastic matter is placed upon
the turntable at 8 before the grooved conical roller, and the machine set in motion,
the substance to be treated being caught between the table and the projections
of the roller, and thereby distributed over the table. After two or three turns,
when the substance has been mixed and kneaded, the stile T is lowered so as to
divide the substance into two zones, after which it is divided radially into sectors,
either with the finger or with a wooden knife, the said sectors being then rolled.
The motion of the table brings the sectors again under the roller to be mixed and
kneaded; and this process is repeated until the matter has arrived at the required
condition. In order to prevent adhesion of the substances to the parts of the
machine with which they come into contact, these parts are greased if the pastes to
be treated have been prepared with water, while for treating oil pastes the contact
surfaces are moistened with water.
According to the nature of the pastes to be treated, the relative speeds of the
fly wheel, the roller and the table may be varied by putting into the gear wheels D¹
1

page_text: and E¹, instead of D and E, or vice-versa, the intermediate shaft c being made to
slide and held fast by the dog V. In treating butter, for instance, for mixing it,
removing the adherent milk, washing or colouring it, or for mixing it with salt,
the inventor proceeds as follows:-The butter is thrown on the table when in
motion, and by some revolutions mixed, cutting and rolling it as already described,
after which the cock of the water pipe is opened. The water falls in a shower
upon the projections of the roller, which carry it into the butter so as to wash the
latter; colour is added to the butter, which is then cut and rolled; then comes an
addition of salt, the butter being afterwards again cut and rolled, the machine
stopped, and the product taken away. The rests of the milk and the water escape
through the orifices X with which the turntable is provided. Other materials are
treated in a similar manner, and with regard to the purpose for which they are
intended.
Claim. The machine for mixing and kneading, substantially as described and
illustrated, and its application for treating soft or plastic matter, such as farinaceous
or earthy pastes, plastic substances for making statues or ornaments, mastic, fatty
manner, such as natural or artificial butter, grease, &c., or for treating mixtures of
various plastic substances, or of plastic substances with foreign bodies, the material
from which the machine is constructed depending upon the purpose for which the
machine is to be applied.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty seventh day of October, A.D. 1879.