Improvements relating to Rotary Paper Cutting Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1895-Accepted, 20th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Rotary Paper Cutting Machines.
I, GOTTLIEB HEERBRANDT, of Anhalt, in the German Empire, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to rotary paper cutting machines.
In all rotary paper cutting machines heretofore known the adjacent surfaces of
each pair of cutters were located either in one and the same plane, or, as in the
case of machines where one cutter of each pair was separately mounted, the cutters
were arranged in intersecting planes, which planes however must both be considered
as vertical to the horizontal.
By the first described arrangement, i.e. with cutters located in one and the same
plane, a very poor cut was produced, owing to the large surface of contact between
the cutters and the consequent friction by which furthermore the cutters were not
only rapidly worn down but soon became dull. Owing to these circumstances a
rough cut and considerable dust were produced. Furthermore owing to the plane
of the cut being taken directly at right angles to the material, more power was
required than if the cut were inclined to the same.
Mounting the cutters separately so that it became possible to place the surfaces
of the cutters in intersecting planes according to the second arrangement above
mentioned, was a decided improvement over the first method, since a shearing
action was produced, which although at right angles to the material produced a cut
much cleaner and more free from dust than could be obtained with the former
arrangement. This advantage is due to the reduction of contact surface between
the cutters, in consequence of which a diminution in wear was also noticeable.
But this cut was not as clean and free from dust as desired, and the wear on the
cutters was still too great.
The object of my invention is mainly to overcome these defects by so arranging
the cutters with relation to each other that a faultless cut, perfectly free from dust,
is obtained.
For this purpose I arrange the circular cutters of each pair of cutters in such a
way that their surfaces lie at an angle to each other, whilst their axes, which are
directed at an angle to each other, lie in one and the same plane.
Or the cutters of each pair of cutters may be arranged in such a way that their
surfaces lie at an angle to each other, and their axes fall in planes which cut each
other.
To avoid the necessity of regrinding the edges of the cutters I make the cutters
flanged or dish shaped, the flanges forming the cutting edges which are preferably
made thin and which always, wear down in such a way as to preserve the sharpness
of their edges, so that a pair of cutters may be kept in constant work until
their cutting edges are completely worn away, whereupon it must be replaced by
a new one.
Dated the 8th day of November 1894.

page_text: Improvements relating to Rotary Paper Cutting Machines.
I, GOTTLIEB HEERBRANDT, of Raguhn, Anhalt, in the German Empire,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to rotary paper-cutting machines.
In all rotary paper-cutting machines heretofore known the adjacent surfaces of
each pair of cutters were located either in one and the same plane, or, as in the
case of machines where one cutter of each pair was separately mounted, the cutters
were arranged in intersecting planes, which planes, however, must both be
considered as vertical to the horizontal.
By the first described arrangement, i.e. with cutters located in one and the same
plane, a very poor cut was produced, owing to the large surface of contact between
the cutters and the consequent friction by which furthermore the cutters were not
only rapidly worn down but soon became dull. Owing to these circumstances a
rough cut and considerable dust were produced. Furthermore owing to the plane
of the cut being taken directly at right angles to the material, more power was
required than if the cut were inclined to the same.
Mounting the cutters separately so that it became possible to place the surfaces
of the cutters in intersecting planes according to the second arrangement above
mentioned was a decided improvement over the first method, since a shearing action
was produced which although at right angles to the material produced a cut much
cleaner and more free from dust than could be obtained with the former
arrangement. This advantage is due to the reduction of contact surface between
the cutters, in consequence of which a diminution in wear was also noticeable.
But this cut was not as clean and free from dust as desired, and the wear on the
cutters was still too great.
The object of my invention is mainly to overcome these defects by so arranging
the cutters with relation to each other that a faultless cut, perfectly free from dust,
is obtained.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawing, in which :-
Figure 1 represents a front elevation of a pair of cutters with their mountings
embodying my invention:
Figure 2 is a plan view thereof :
Figure 3 is an elevation illustrating a modified manner of placing the cutters
with relation to each other:
Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3:
Figures 5 and 6 are similar views to Figures 1 and 3 but illustrating a modified
form of the top cutter.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts.
Referring at present to Figures 1 and 2 the letters A, B designate the respective
cutters forming one pair of a series as usual in paper-cutting machines. The
cutter A is mounted upon a shaft C set at an angle to the rotary shaft D of the
cutter B, but with this important distinction from the former manner of setting
the cutters with respect to each other, that the centre lines or axes of the shafts
are in one and the same vertical plane. In view of this peculiar relative position
of the cutters a cut inclined, or at an angle, to the material is obtained.
If while the two cutters are at an inclination to each other, the cutter A is
turned slightly in a direction at right angles to the direction of inclination, as in
Figures 3 and 4, so that the axes of the shafts C, D no longer lie in the same
plane, but in intersecting planes, a cut is obtained which is at an inclination to the

page_text: surface of the paper and a shear like action is produced. This cut is
very clean
and entirely free from dust and the cutting edges or faces of the cutters wear in
the least degree.
In Figure I have illustrated one form of apparatus for carrying out my
invention.
Referring to this figure, the letter E designates a stationary shaft or bar upon
which is mounted a hauger F provided with a hub G in which the cutter-head H
for the separately suspended cutter A is mounted.
The lower end of the cutter-head is bent forward and carries the shaft C upon
which the cutter A. is loosely mounted. The shaft C is preferably swivelled, as
at c. to enable the angle of inclination of the said cutter to be adjusted at will.
The second set of cutters is mounted upon a rotary shaft D extending parallel
with the shaft or bar E, but forming an angle with the shaft C.
By turning the cutter-head H in the hub G the cutter A can be brought to the
positions shewn in Figures 3 and 4. I do not confine myself to the position shewn
of one cutter of the pair as it can obviously be varied to a considerable extent.
A special advantage of the new position of the cutters lies in the fact that the
cutters B which are flanged or dish-shaped wear down in such a way as always to
keep their originally sharp cutting edges, and never to require removal from the
shaft D upon which they rotate until they are completely worn out, whilst the
cutters which are separately mounted, if disc-shaped cutters A such as have
hitherto been made use of are employed, grind themselves in on the circumference
on their cutting edge, and must be reground from time to time.
In order, however, to dispense with the necessity for this proceeding also, in the
case of the cutters which are separately mounted, instead of the disc-shaped
cutters A separately mounted, as shewn in Figures 1 to 4, I employ flanged or
dish-shaped cutters A', as shewn in Figures 5 and 6, whose cutting edges, which
are preferably made thin, always, as in the previous case, wear down in such a way
as to preserve the sharpness of their edges.
By this means, the regrinding of the cutters which are separately mounted is
also dispensed with, and a pair of cutters may be kept in constant work until the
cutting edge of a flanged or dish-shaped cutter is completely worn away, whereupon
it must be replaced by a new one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a rotary paper-cutting machine the arrangement of the circular cutters of
each pair in such a way that their surfaces lie at an angle to each other, whilst
their axes, which are directed at an angle to each other, lie in one and the same
plane, substantially as set forth.
2. In a rotary paper-cutting machine the arrangement of the cutters of each pair
in such a way that their surfaces lie at an augle to each other, and their axes fall
in planes which cut each other, substantially as set forth.
3. In a rotary paper-cutting machine the circular cutters of which are arranged
in the position described in Claims 1 and 2 separately mounted cutters of flanged
or dish-shaped form, substantially as herein before described.
בד.
10th of Tum 190
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.