A Method of and Means for the Manufacture of Hollow Articles with a Relief Surface from Cardboard, Millboard and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1899-Accepted, 5th Aug., 1899
A Method of and Means for the Manufacture of Hollow Articles with
a Relief Surface from Cardboard, Millboard and the like.
I, HEINRICH WOLLHEIM, of 344, Wilhelminenstrasse, Loschwitz, near Dresden,
in the Kingdom of Saxony and German Empire, Managing Director, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment:-
This invention relates to a method of and means for the manufacture, by stamp-
ing or pressing of hollow articles with a relief surface so as to form dolls heads,
figures of animals and other bodies, from cardboard, mill board and the like.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to
describe the same as regards the manufacture of dolls heads; reference being
had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Like letters refer to like parts in the various figures.
Figure 1 represents a piece of card board or other suitable substance cut to
shape.
Figures 2 and 3 show the piece of card board partly pressed.
Figures 4 and 5 are views of the tools used for completing the pressing of the
hollow part.
The piece of card board or other material is cut to shape, Figure 1, of sufficient
size to allow of its being pressed to form a partially pressed hollow body, Figures 2
and 3; the outline of which is approximately that of a dolls face. This hollow
body is designed to form the front of a doll's head, and the depth of such hollow
body is about from one fourth to one third more than that of the completely
stamped body or front part, so as to provide material for the surface relief, to
form the nose, eyes, checks etc.
The partly pressed body shown in Figures 2 and 3 is further pressed in a die,
see Figures 4 and 5 consisting of an upper die or punch a and a lower die b.
The punch a is formed as a patrix or male die e to correspond with the matrix d
of the lower die b. The lower die carries a ring or fence piece e, the inner
outline of which corresponds to the upper rim of the hollow body. The shaft of
the punch a forms a projection f over the patrix c thereof so as to leave a space
for the card board between the upper part of the patrix c and the ring e.
The partly pressed body, Figures 2 and 3 is placed into the ring or fence
piece e and the punch a is depressed to press the cardboard body further into
the ring or piece e. The projection f of the punch a closes the ring e completely
at the top, so that the card board body is fully enclosed within the die.
When the partly pressed body enters the matrix d, the higher parts of the
latter begin to act, causing first two soft wide folds to be formed for the cheeks
of the dolls face. When the punch a descends further, and the patrix c assists
in the operation, these folds become smaller and more clearly defined. A third
fold is also made for the nose. The action causes then an upsetting effect and
the formation of the other parts of the face, such as eyes and mouth, also the
formation of the throat and upper part of the chest. These operations proceed

page_text: further; the parts where the folds run in the general body of the material become
grooves which contract more and more, the relief on the surface becomes more
and more distinct and defined, until the correctly formed face of a doll is com-
pleted.
The card board or other substance is forced to adapt itself exactly to the out-
lines or surfaces of the tools, because, as before stated, the cardboard is com-
pletely enclosed in the die or tools; therefore the fibres and layers of the material
cannot move in any other direction than those determined by the pressing sur-
faces. The pressure produced results mostly in upsetting effects, the surface of
the finished bodies or articles being in consequence very smooth.
The part which forms the back of the head and the neck of the dolls head
is pressed in a similar manner; but the operation is more easy, because the ears
are the only parts requiring any complex formation of the pressing tools.
The edges of the parts thus pressed are joined and connected together to form
a complete head of a doll with neck and upper part of body.
The before mentioned connection between the two parts of the head may con-
veniently be effected by pasting a strip of card board or other material within
the edge of one of the parts, so that one half of the width of the strip protrudes
over the pressed half of the head, the other pressed half is then pasted over the
protruding width of strip.
It will be obvious that this invention is applicable in the manufacture of a
great variety of articles. For instance, if figures of animals are to be manu-
factured, the body of the animal is divided into several parts. The card board
is then pressed in tools corresponding to the divisions, and the hollow parts pro-
duced are then joined to form a whole figure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1st. A method for the manufacture of hollow articles with relief surface from
card board or other suitable material, in which a preliminary pressed piece,
having the general outline of the finished article, but which is deeper than the
latter, is exposed, while enclosed completely by pressing tools, to the upsetting
action of the latter, so that the fibres and layers of the substance pressed cannot
move in any other directions than those determined by the surfaces of the press-
ing tools, substantially as described.
2nd. Apparatus for carrying out the method as claimed in Claim 1 consisting
of a pressing device in which the upper die has a projection of pressing against
the rim of the article which is being pressed, and is guided closely in a ring or
fence e situated on the lower die, substantially as described.
Dated this 12th day of June 1899.