IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MARINE BOILERS WITH UNDERGRATE BLAST
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Heinrich Ziese of Elbing, Chief Engineer of the
Shipbuilding Yard and Engine Works of the firm of F Schichau, same place,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH MARINE
BOILERS WITH UNDERGRATE BLAST"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Heinrich Ziese at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1883.
CARL HEINRICH ZIESE of Elbing Chief Engineer of the Shipbuilding Yard
and Engine Works of the firm of F. Schichau, same place, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND CONNECTED WITH MARINE BOILERS WITH UNDERGRATE BLAST
"
My Invention relates to improvements in tubular marine boilers to which an
undergrate air blast is admitted by means of a flap regulator or other suitable
apparatus; and the objects of my improvements are first to prevent the boiler
tubes from becoming loose (leaking at the fire box tube plate side) second to
protect the engineers or firemen from being scalded by hot water or steam by
reason of a boiler tube bursting, third to regulate the combustion according to the
consumption of steam, and fourth to allow of the application of such boilers with
undergrate blast to open and undecked boats.
The boiler tubes of boilers with undergrate-blast lose their tightness mostly in
consequence of the rapid entry of cold air, admitted and created by the ventilator
and is usually kept in a compressed state within the hermetically closed stoke hole
because by opening the fire door for introducing fuel the cold air streams directly
against the inside and intensely heated shell of the fire box and the boiler tubes
fastened therein. To prevent such direct passing of compressed or cold air through
the fire door, I introduce the current of air produced by the ventilator or other
blast producing apparatus into a channel, which terminates-directly or nearly so
under the grate, and which may be closed hermetically near the grate by a con-
venient mechanism connected with the fire door in such a manner that every time
before the fire door is intended to be opened, the draught beneath the grate will
be simultaneously and automatically closed.

page_text: The fire door is actuated by a hand lever or wheel the axis of which forms the
centre of partial rotation and by the movement of this lever the throttle or air
admission channel is closed or opened by an arrangement of levers with or without
springs or counterbalance weights that are in connection and work simultaneously
with the movement of the lever.
A ratchet wheel may advantageously be provided in some cases and a pawl
engaging therewith to retain the mechanism or fire door and connections in any
desired position.
The joints may be effected by channels around or partially so of the flaps or
valves and the outer edges of which abut against a seating of suitable material to
exclude atmospheric air.
It will be obvious that my improvements can be effected in many ways without
departing from the nature of my invention.
This construction possesses the advantage that the stokers are protected by the
hermetically closed ash pit damper and fire door from being scalded by hot water
or steam, which may come out from a bursted boiler tube. By applying this
arrangement to torpedo boats the firemen are not necessarily obliged to work
within a hermetically closed room; comfortable entries known as companions and
skylights can be provided on deck and a convenient passage may be arranged
between the engine room and the stoke hole. The steam which escapes when the
engine is suddenly stopped after full speed, may easily be overcome by the
hermetically closed ash-pit and the safety valves prevented from too loudly blowing
off. This construction also allows of the employment of boilers with undergrate-
blast in open boats without deck.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Carl Heinrich Ziese in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st August 1883.
CARL HEINRICH ZIESE of Elbing Chief Engineer of the Shipbuilding Yard
and Engine Works of the firm of F. Schichau, same place, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND CONNECTED WITH MARINE BOILERS WITH UNDERGRATE BLAST
"
This invention relates to improvements in tubular marine boilers to which an
undergrate air blast of high pressure is admitted respectively regulated by means
of a flap regulator or other suitable apparatus; and the objects of my improvements
are first to prevent the boiler tubes from becoming loose (leaking at the fire box
tube plate side) second to protect the engineers or firemen from being scalded by
hot water or steam by reason of a boiler tube bursting; third to regulate the
combustion according to the consumption of steam (in order to prevent the safety
valves from too loudly blowing off in case the steam is cut off suddenly); and
fourth to allow of the application of such boilers with undergrate blasts to open
and undecked boats.
The boiler tubes of boilers with undergrate blast loose their tightness mostly in
consequence of the rapid entry of cold air admitted and created by the ventilator
and usually kept in a compressed state within the hermetically closed stokehole
because by opening the fire door for introducing fuel the cold air streams directly
against the inside and intensely heated shell of the fire box and the boiler tubes
fastened therein. To prevent such direct passing of compressed or cold air through
the fire door I introduce the current of air produced by the ventilator or other
blast producing apparatus into a channel which terminates directly or nearly so
under the grate and which may be closed hermetically near the grate by a con-
venient mechanism connected with the fire door in such a manner that every time
before the fire door is intended to be opened the draft beneath the grate will be
automatically closed.
The fire door is actuated by a hand lever or wheel the axis of which forms the
centre of partial rotation and by the movement of this lever the throttle or air
admission channel is closed or opened by an arrangement of levers with or without
springs or counterbalance weights which are in connection and work simultaneously
with the movement of the lever.
In order to make my invention more clearly understood I will describe it with
reference to the accompanying drawing in which Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the
arrangement with the air channel above the stoke hole floor and Figures 5 to 8
with the air channel below the stoke hole floor; Figure 9 is a front view and
Figure 10 a side elevation partly in section of a boiler the fire door of which is
arranged at the side whilst the air channel and the ash hole are in the front;
Figure 11 is a front view and Figure 12 a side elevation of a boiler with the fire
door in the front and the air channel and the ash hole in the side. Figures 13
to 17 are details.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
The hinges d. d. of the fire door g which by means of the spring f is pressed at
the fire hole are suspended on the spindle a movable by the hand lever b. The
hinge d is provided with a projection c¹ which engages into a coupling c of the
spindle a when the lever b is sufficiently lifted and thereby opens the door g.
Before the lever 6 can be turned so far that the coupling c pushes on the,
projection c¹ the flap k of the air channel h is to be closed. To effect this the
spindle of the flap k is provided with a lever e which by means of the rod i and
the spring box is connected with the lever b. The ratchet wheel m of the
spindle a serves to retain the lever b by means of the click n in any position
desired.
When the fire room is to be closed hermetically the lever b is placed in such a

page_text: position as to raise the lever e by means of the rod i and the spring 7 until the
Bap k in the construction illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 lays horizontally (as shown
in Figure 3) and in the construction illustrated in Figures 5 to 8 rests on the
projections h of the air channel. When the lever b is lifted farther the spring
in the box is compressed the couplings c pushes the projections of the hinge d
forwards and the fire door g is opened (Figures 4 and 8)
As soon as the click n is withdrawn the tension of springs f and a closes the
fire door g then after the fire door being closed the flap k will be opened auto-
matically by means of the springs f and l.
The ash pit door p as shown in the Figures 6 to 8 is so arranged as to facilitate
the withdrawing of ash from the ash hole laying beneath the floor of the stoke
room. It is operated by the bent slip bolt o and closes the air channel h when
lowered; its inclined position allows the ash to be removed easily.
In Figures 9 to 12 boilers are shown in which the fire door and the ash hole
with air channel are not arranged at the same side of the boiler but at right angles
or nearly so to another. The hand crank b is loose on the spindle a to which the
fire door is fastened the concentrical groove x in the bore of the crank nave and
the tongue y of the spindle a limiting the stroke of the crank (Figure 15). The
raising of lever b causes at first the opening of the ash pit door 5 the shaft k² of
which bears the arm ³ connected with the lever b by the rod i. The flap k' which
rests movably on the shaft is pressed backwards by the tension of springs
and closes the communication between the air channel hand the ash pit (Figure 13).
The further lifting of the lever b overcomes the resistance of the springs + and
thereby opens the ash hole door 5 entirely (Figure 14) and simultaneously the
fire door g the tongue y having touched the shoulder of the groove x. To obtain
an hermetical closing of the doors they are provided with an asbestos packing u
as illustrated by Figures 16 and 17. The edges of the flaps k. k². the outer edges
of which are bent inwardly (Figure 16) or of the fire door g (Figure 17) are
pressed at the asbestos and a strip v may be fastened at the inside of the asbestos
in order to protect the packing and to hinder the direct entry of air.
Having thus fully described my invention what I desire to claim and secure by
Letters Patent is
First In connection with marine boilers with undergrate blast the application
of air channels h which may be closed hermetically near the fire box.
Second In connection with marine boilers with undergrate blast the application
of air channels which are hermetically closed near the fire box before the fire door
is opened.
Third In connection with marine boilers with undergrate blast the combination
of the air channel h the flap k, the lever e the spring box and the rod i with the
hand lever b the spindle a the finger c the projection c¹ of the hinge and the
fire door g substantially as set forth.
Fourth In connection with marine boilers with undergrate blast the com-
bination of the air channel h the ash hole door the flap k¹ and the springs k
with the hand lever b the connecting rod i and the fire door g substantially as
described and illustrated by Figures 9 to 12 of the drawings.
Fifth The application of asbestos packing for the fire door and ash hole door
protected by a strip v substantially as, and for the purpose specified.
In Witness whereof I the said Carl Heinrich Zeise [sic] have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Thirty first day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
CARL HEINRICH ZIESE (L.S.)