IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHANGING THE SHUTTLES IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Stanway Jackson and Robert Phillip Kay, of
the Firm of Kay, Jackson, and Buckley, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, and Nathan Dearnley and Thomas Stafford,
of Droylsden, in the same County, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stanway Jackson,
Robert Phillip Kay, Nathan Dearnley, and Thomas Stafford at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 20th December 1875.
We, STANWAY JACKSON and ROBERT PHILLIP KAY, of the Firm of
Kay, Jackson, and Buckley, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
and NATHAN DEARNLEY, and THOMAS STAFFORD, of Droylsden, in the
same County, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CHANGING THE SHUTTLES IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
-
Our Invention relates to the looms employed in the weaving of checks

page_text: or patterns, and having two or more shuttles containing yarn of different
colors or qualities in successive use. The said looms are fitted with
apparatus for raising and lowering the shuttle boxes, and it is to such
apparatus that our Invention more particularly relates.
Our Invention is particularly applicable to two shuttle looms. The
shuttle box is fitted to slide up and down as is usual, and is attached to
the upper end of a rod, which is fitted to slide in bearings. The said
rod is alternately raised and lowered by means of a star cam wheel,
which acts upon a bowl fixed upon or connected with the said rod.
The said cam wheel is connected with a ratchet wheel, which is
actuated by means of a pusher rod. A vibrating barrel or pattern
chain actuated by means of a lever, which receives motion from the
tappet shaft, actuates the said pusher rod at intervals in the usual
manner. The said pusher rod, acting at intervals upon the said ratchet
wheel, causes it to revolve, the said cam wheel being thereby rotated.
The said cam wheel is formed to raise the shuttle box at one action and
to lower the said box at the next action.
When a pattern chain, consisting of perforated iron plates, is required
to be used to impart the impulses to the said pusher rod, we prefer to
link the said plate together by means of rings, each formed of wire bent
into a circular form, with the cut ends abutting together. The said
plates can be readily disconnected whenever required by separating the
said cut ends in a sideways direction. Chains so constructed may
be used with other arrangements for effecting the changing of the
shuttles.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Stanway Jackson, Robert Phillip Kay, Nathan
Dearnley, and Thomas Stafford in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th June 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, STANWAY
JACKSON and ROBERT PHILLIPS KAY, of the Firm of Kay, Jackson, and
Buckley, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and NATHAN
DEARNLEY and THOMAS STAFFORD, of Droylsden, in the same County,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Stanway Jackson, Robert
Phillips Kay, Nathan Dearnley, and Thomas Stafford, Her special
license that we, the said Stanway Jackson, Robert Phillips Kay,
Nathan Dearnley, and Thomas Stafford, executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Stanway Jackson, Robert
Phillips Kay, Nathan Dearnley, and Thomas Stafford, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR CHANGING THE SHUTTLES IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Stanway Jackson,
Robert Phillips Kay, Nathan Dearnley, and Thomas Stafford, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner.the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Phillips Kay, for myself
and on behalf of the said Stanway Jackson, Nathan Dearnley, and
Thomas Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to the looms employed in the weaving of checks
or patterns, and having shuttles containing yarns of different colors or
qualities in successive use. The said looms are fitted with apparatus for
raising and lowering the shuttle boxes, and it is to such apparatus that
our Invention more particularly relates.
>
Our Invention is particularly applicable to two shuttle looms. The:
shuttle box is fitted to slide up and down, as is usual, and is attached to

page_text: the upper end of a rod, which is alternately raised and lowered by means
of a cam wheel, which acts upon a bowl fixed upon or connected with
the said rod. The said cam wheel is connected with a ratchet wheel
which is actuated by means of a pusher rod. A vibrating barrel or
pattern chain, actuated by means of a lever which receives motion from
the tappet shaft, governs the action of the said pusher rod. The said
pusher rod acting at intervals upon the said ratchet wheel causes it to
revolve, the said cam wheel being thereby rotated. The said cam wheel
is formed to raise the shuttle box at one action and to lower the said
box at the next action.
:
When a pattern chain, consisting of perforated iron plates, is required
to be used to impart the impulses to the said pusher rod, we prefer to
link the said plates together by means of rings, each formed of wire
bent into a circular form, with the cut ends abutting together. The
said plates can be readily disconnected whenever required by separating
the said cut ends in a sideways direction. Chains so constructed may
be used with other arrangements for effecting the changing of the
shuttles.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood we have
appended hereunto a Sheet of Drawings, made about half the full size,
and marked with letters of reference, corresponding marks indicating
the same parts in the various Figures. Referring in this place to the
said Drawings Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of our improved
apparatus. In the said Figure A represents the tappet shaft of a
loom.
It has not been considered necessary to show the framing of the loom
as the forms of such framing will vary to some extent, and the manner
in which our apparatus may be fixed thereto will be readily understood.
On the said tappet shaft is fixed a tappet a which, in concert with a
spring d¹, imparts a vibrating movement to a lever b, which is mounted
on a stud c, which is fixed to any suitable part of the framing of the
loom or to a bracket bolted thereto. The said lever is connected, by
means of a link d, with a second lever e, which is mounted on a stud f,
which is also fixed to the loom framing or to a bracket bolted thereto.
The said lever is represented in side elevation by Fig. 1. The upper end
of the lever e is formed to receive a chain barrel 9, which is suitably
formed to engage with and to give motion to a pattern chain h. The
said pattern chain in this example consists of short wooden bars linked

page_text: together and formed to receive projecting studs or pegs which can be
inserted or withdrawn in or from any of the links so as to vary the
pattern as may be required. On the same spindle as the said chain
barrel is fixed a ratchet wheel i, and on a stud carried by the loom
framing is mounted a pawl j. As the upper end of the lever vibrates
to and fro by reason of the action of the tappet a the said pawl engages
with the said ratchet wheel and rotates it at each vibration to the extent
required to present a fresh link of the chain opposite to the end of a
rod k at each revolution of the tappet shaft. The rod k is formed with
a crutch head, and is fitted to slide in bearings, and is attached by its
lower end to a plate 1, which is fitted to slide upon the lever e. As the
chain barrel g rotates the rod k is depressed by the pegs in the links,
but is not acted upon by those links which are not provided with pegs,
as in the case of similar arrangements previously employed. When the
said rod is not acted upon a hole in the plate remains opposite to the
end of a pusher rod m, but when the rod k is depressed a solid part of
the said plate is. presented opposite to the said rod, or this arrangement
may be reversed, in which case the depression of the rod would bring
the hole into position before the end of the rod. The said pusher rod is
fitted to slide in bearings n, n. As the lever e vibrates to and fro the
plate comes in contact with the end of the rod and slides it forward,
excepting at times when the rod k is depressed, when the said hole in
the plate being opposite to the end of the rod m the said rod is not
acted upon. The backward or return movement of the pusher rod is
effected by means of a spring m¹. Upon a stud o fixed to the framing,
and situated as near as may be in line with the fulcra of the sley
swords, is mounted a ratchet wheel p having six teeth, and to the said
wheel is attached a cam q, which is formed with alternate projections
and recesses. A side view of this part of the apparatus is represented
by Fig. 3. The upper end of a rod is attached to or connected with
the drop box of the loom, that is to say, to the part in which are formed
the races for the upper and lower shuttles. The said drop box may be
of any ordinary or suitable construction. The lower end of the rod ris
attached to a jaw piece s, in which is mounted an antifriction bowl t.
The parts is formed with horns, which extend downwards on each side
of the boss of the ratchet wheel p, the bowl t being thereby retained in
position upon the cam.
When the rod m is pushed forwards the end thereof acts upon the
ratchet wheel P and rotates it to the extent of one-sixth of a revolution

page_text: or thereabouts, the said cam being thereby rotated to the same extent.
A stop disc u, represented detached by Fig. 4, is attached to the ratchet
wheel p, and is formed with six notches. A detent v is fitted to slide in
a box or bracket, and is acted upon by a spiral spring so as to be pressed
towards the said stop wheel. At the end of each movement of the said
ratchet wheel the said detent is pressed into one of the notches in the
said stop wheel, further movement of the cam beyond what is required
being thereby prevented. The action of the arrangement is as follows:---
Each movement of the said cam either lowers the drop box or raises it,
according as the lower or upper shuttle may at the time be in use, the
effect being that the shuttle is changed every time the said pusher rod
is acted upon.
The weight of the drop box is sustained by the spiral spring 6¹, so
that in the event of any obstruction to the rising of the drop box the
said spring yields, the rod r sliding in the jaw piece s. It is of
advantage to arrest the action of the said pusher rod and of the pawl j
when the stop rod is moved to stop the loom. This may be effected by
means of a lever w, which is connected with a rod, which is acted upon
by the said stop rod when the loom is "knocked off." Fig. 5 illustrates
an arrangement for effecting this. An incline x fixed on the stop rod
depresses a rod y when the stop rod moves to stop the loom.
The rod y
acts upon the lever w to raise the end, to which is fixed a stud which
Jifts the end of the pusher rod so as to prevent it from acting upon the
ratchet wheel. The said lever is also connected, by means of a wire c',
with the end of the pawl j, the said pawl being thereby lifted out of
gear at the same time as the said pusher rod. This arrangement may be
varied as found to be most suitable in cach case. The number of teeth
in the ratchet wheel p may be varied to some extent, the number of
projections and hollows in the cam being varied accordingly, and if
preferred the said cam and ratchet wheel may be fixed to a shaft which
would be fitted to revolve in bearings. The arrangements for giving
motion to the lever e and for acting on the said pusher rod may also be
varied.
Fig. 6 illustrates a modification in the means employed. In this
example a chain barrel is mounted on the lower end of the lever e, and 8
is arranged to rotate intermittently as in the case of the chain barrel g.
The chain a' is formed of metal plates, some of which are formed with
holes so as to clear the end of the pusher rod, others acting on the rod,

page_text: as in the case of the sliding plate 1. The said plates are linked together
by means of rings formed of bent wire, as seen about the full size in
Figs. 7 and 8, the ring to the right hand in Fig. 8 being opened as when
the plates are to be disconnected.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which we carry the same into practical
effect, we would have it to be understood in conclusion that we
claim,
-
First. The pusher rod m, the ratchet wheel p, and the cam 9 formed,
and acting substantially as and for the purpose herein-before set forth
and indicated.
Secondly. The combinations and arrangements of parts for changing
the shuttles in looms, substantially as set forth and indicated herein-
before and in and by the accompanying Drawings.
And, lastly. The pattern chain formed and linked together, sub-
stantially as set forth and indicated herein-before and by Figs. 7 and 8
of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Phillips Kay, for myself
and on behalf of the said Stanway Jackson, Nathan Dearnley,
and Thomas Stafford, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Nineteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
Signed and sealed by the
said Robert Phillip Kay
in the presence of
HUGH GRANT,
Clerk to Edward K. Dutton,
Agent to the Patentees,
3, Princess Street,
Manchester.
R. P. KAY. (L.S.)