Twisting Frames.
Year: 1888

page_text: Twisting Frames.
We, THOMAS CLARKE, of Truro, Colchester County, Nova Scotia, Dominion of
Canada, Gentleman, and RICHARD CHRISTOPHER WILLIAMS, of Hopewell, Picton
County, Nova Scotia, Dominion of Canada, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention has relation to that class of spinning or twisting frames, in which the
spindles are revolved by means of one band passing alternately around the pulleys
upon the spindles and thereupon over the main or drive roller or drum, and having
pulleys for evening the tension of the band, and it consists in the improved con-
struction and combination of parts of such a frame, as hereinafter more fully described
and claimed.
In spinning and twisting machines, the spindles are usually run by individual bands
passing from the main or drive roller or drum to the pulleys upon the spindles, and by
this style of banding, the bobbins are liable to wind unevenly on account of the uneven
tension of the different bands, and changes in the atmosphere, either in the temperature
of the same or in the degree of moisture of the same will also affect the bands, so that
an uneven quality of thread or yarn is obtained, and in driving the spindles by individual
bands, the spinning process is often stopped on account of one of the bands breaking,
which in a large frame containing a great number of spindles will frequently happen,
and cause considerable trouble and loss of time.
For the purpose thereforo of obtaining an even product on all the bobbins, and for
the purpose of avoiding any stoppage by the breaking of bands, we have constructed
a frame, in which one endless band is carried over the main or drive drum, thereupon
to one spindle, back to the roller and again over to the next spindle, and so forth, the
portions of the band passing out at the ends of the frame being carried over spring
cushioned pulleys or similarly yielding pulleys and running along the back of the
frame, where the band is provided with tension pulleys, which may take up all slack
in the band, and which may yield in the case of the tension of the band being too
great either on account of excessive moisture or coolness of the atmosphere.

page_text: In the accompanying drawing the numeral 1 indicates the upper bar of the frame,
in which the spindles are journaled, 2 being the lower bar, and the numerals 3 indicate
the spindles, which are provided with the pulleys 4, and bobbins 5.
Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 is a top-plan view of as much of a spinning frame or twisting frame, as is
sufficient to illustrate our improvement.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view on line x Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 is a perspective detail view of the tension device showing portions of the
spring-barrel or casing broken away.
The drive roller or drum, consists of sections, 6, journaled longitudinally in the frame
and separated by transverse partitions, 7, having the axial shaft of the drum journaled
in them, and the band, 8, passes alternately around a pulley of a spindle and thereupon
over the drum, back to another pulley of another spindle, and so forth.
At the ends of the frame, the band passes from the pulleys of the spindles at the
ends around end pulleys, 9, which may either be journaled in spring cushioned
bearings 10, as shown in the drawings or in similar yielding bearings, or they may be
journaled in rigid frames, as desired.
At the transverse partitions of the frame, the band is passed from the ends of the
drum sections around a pulley, 11, journaled upon a shaft or bolt, 12, adjustably secured
upon the partition, so that it may be adjusted nearer to or farther from the drum as
desired.
Spring casings or barrels, 13, are secured projecting from the back portion of the
frame, and a flat helical spring, 14, is secured with its outer end to each casing and
with its inner end to a shaft, 15, journaled in the end pieces of the drum, the spring
winding upon the shaft.
The shaft is provided outside of the head of the drum with a ratchet wheel, 16,
which is engaged by a pawl, 17, and at the end of the shaft two arms, 18, project in
opposite directions, having grooved guide pulleys, 19, journaled upon studs, 20, upon
the ends of the arins.
The straight portion of the band between the end pulleys, passes around these
pulleys at opposite sides of the same, passing from the outside of one pulley to the
outside of the other pulley, and it will be seen, that when the shafts of the pulleys
have been revolved a suitable number of times, the tension of the springs will bring
the pulloys to bear against the band, tightening the same and holding it at the saine
tension, when the band is slackened or tightened by atmospheric influences.
The desired tension for the pulleys is attained by winding the spring upon the shaft
of each drum by revolving the shaft, and by thereupon securing the shaft by means
of the pawl engaging the ratchet wheel, when the band may be passed around the
pulleys, and the pawl released, when tho spring will act upon the band keeping it at
one tension.
It will be seen, that the spring casings having the tension pulloys will thus take up
all slack in the band and yield to contraction of the band, but in very long bands, the
slack caused by wear upon the band may be too great to be taken up by the pulleys,
especially as this slack romains permanent, and for the purpose of taking up this
slack, the guide pulleys upon the partitions will serve by their adjustability upon the
same.
It is also desirable at times to have the band of a sufficient length to have a reserve
in the case of breakage of the band, and the guide pulleys upon the partitions may
be adjusted sufficiently far away from the drum to take up the surplus length, being
moved towards the drum, as the band is shortened by breakage and consequent splicing
of the band.
In the place of springs in the barrels for giving tension to the pulleys, weights may
be applied through suitable cords to the shafts, but on account of the small space and
the adjustability of tension of the springs, these are preferred and especially in the
helical form shown and described.
By having the single band passing over the drum and alternately over the pulleys
of the spindles, the band if broken will only present one knot or splice, which will be

page_text: hardly percoptible, as we prefer to use a smooth splicing, while in frames having
individual bands, there will be a knot for every spliced band, which will render the
revolutions of the spindles very uneven and consequently the quality of the thread or
yarn uneven and rough.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In a spinning or twisting frame, the combination with the spindles and driving
roller or drum, of an endless band passed alternately over the drive drum and around
the spindles; as and for the purpose shown and set forth.
2. In a spinning or twisting frame, the combination of the spindlos and the drive
drum, horizontally revolving pulleys placed to the rear of the ends of the drive drum,
and an endless band passing alternately over the drive drum and the spindles and
passing from the spindles at the ends of the gang around the end pulleys along the
rear side of the frame; as and for the purpose shown and set forth.
3. In a spinning or twisting frame, the combination of the spindles, the drive drum,
horizontally revolving pulleys placed in the rear at the ends of the drive roller, a band
passing alternately over the drive drum or roller and around pulleys upon the spindles
and passing from the spindles at the ends of the gang around the end pulleys along
the rear side of the frame, and tension pulleys upon the rear portion of the band
having means for forcing them yieklingly against the band; as and for the purpose
shown and set forth.
4. A tension device for spinning and twisting frames, consisting of a drum having
central bearings in its heads, a shaft journaled in the bearings and having diverging
arms upon its end and provided with a ratchet wheel, a flat helical spring secured to
the barrel or drum and to the shaft winding upon the same, a pawl engaging the
ratchet wheel, and pulleys upon the ends of the arms of the shaft; as and for the
purpose shown and set forth.
5. In a spinning or twisting frame, the combination of the spindles, the drive drum,
horizontally revolving pulleys placed in the rear at the ends of the drive drum, a band
passing alternately over the drive drum and around pulleys upon the spindles and
passing from the spindles at the ends of the gang around the end pulleys along the
rear side of the frame, and guide pulleys having the band passing around their
opposite sidos arranged in pairs upon the ends of diverging arms of a shaft having a
spring cushioning its turning; as and for the purpose shown and set forth.
6. In a spinning or twisting frame, the combination of the spindles, the drive drum
composed of sections and having the ends of the sections separated by transverse
partitions in the frame, a band passing alternatoly over the drive drum and around
pulleys upon the spindles, and pulleys secured adjustably upon the partitions and
having the band passing around them from the drum; as and for the purpose shown
and set forth.
Dated this 25th day of May 1888
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.