Improvements in Ball Bearings for Vehicles.
Year: 1894

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ball Bearings for Vehicles.
1, JEAN SCHOCH-FISCHER, of Dufourstrasse 82, Zurich, in the Republic of
Switzerland, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to a ball bearing for vehicles in which the radial as well
as the axial thrust is received by balls thus producing throughout a rolling and not
a gliding frictional contact. The said ball bearings are always so divided that
none of the said thrust directions will be in that of the division of the said
bearings.
On annexed drawing three different forms are shown in which this invention
may be carried out. Figs. 1, 2 & are respectively a longitudinal section, a cross
section, and a detail of one form. Figs. 4 & 5 are longitudinal sections of two
other forms.
According to the two forms, represented in Figs. 1, 2, 3 & 4, two rings e are
fixed upon the wheel axle 6 and retained a determined distance apart from each
other by means of the bush two counter rings e being attached to the interior of
the nave d, which in connection with the other rings e form a two part bearing for
the balls which serve to transfer the thrust directed radially upon the axle.
In the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 & 3 the rings & care of angular section
and so positioned relatively to each other that they form a race for the reception
of the balls. In this arrangement the rings are so divided that the radial thrust
is directed vertically to the division and the axial thrust is received by the vertical
rims of the rings. Each ring has a small groove in which the balls run which
serve to increase the amount of frictional contact between the races and the balls
and thereby reduce the wear of the same.
Fig. shows the rings & e formed with grooves which receive nearly one half
of the diameter of the balls the division of the rings forming a diagonal line or
nearly so with the faces thereof. In this arrangement neither the radial nor the
axial thrust on the balls will be exerted in line with the division of the ring parts.
In both cases the rings e form in connection with the dises y fixed on the nave d
bearings for the small balls the opposite faces thereof being each formed with a
groove to receive the balls h, see Fig. 3, which shows the inner face of the disc g.
The balls are specially employed to receive lateral thrust when the wheel is
subjected thereto. The respective ball bearings have therefore to a certain extent
simply a vertically divided race. The parts e,, & y are each formed independent
of the others so that they can be exchanged when worn.
Referring to Fig. 5 in this case rings of angular section are also employed to
form the ball bearings, as shown in Fig. 1, however one of the same is supposed
to be part of the bush a and the rims of the other as divided into two rings (". (.
In this arrangement the radial as well as the axial thrust is received by the same
ball bearings, but none of these thrust arrangements will act in a line with the
division of the ball bearings. The parts of the said ball bearings being formed
independent of each other they can also be exchanged separately.
Dato this 30th day of Novamshon 1801
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Ball Bearings for Vehicles.
1, JEAN SCHOCH-FISCHER, of Dufourstrasse 82, Zurich, in the Republic of
Switzerland, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in ball bearings for vehicles and has for
its objects to relieve the two parts, .e. the rings which hold the balls in position,
from lateral thrust by means of side balls and to prevent the said thrust being
transmitted on to the supporting balls of the bearing by causing the hub or axle
box rigidly arranged to receive it. The said ball rings are formed conical.
Fig. 1 on annexed drawing is a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a cross section
through the rings of the supporting balls, and Fig. 3a side view of an end ring
formed with side groove and belonging to the lateral thrust balls constructed in
accordance with my invention. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a modification of
my invention.
The parts adapted to receive the various thrusts are arranged in the hub d so as
to form one rigid part. Against the hub shoulder are fitted over the inner
rings the outer rings e; these rings are so formed conically in section that when
arranging the bearing most compactly the outer face of the rings e will be yet large
enough for the reception of the side grooves and balls and the inner face to abut
against the distance bush a.
The inner and outer periphery of the conical outer and inner rings are each
formed with an approximately semi-circular groove, which in section corresponds
as nearly as possible with the diameter of and serve for the reception of the
supporting balls f as shown in Figs. 1 & 2. The inner ring on the left, see Fig. 1,
is fitted against the axle shoulder m and the nut i with a washer below pressing
on the adjacent second inner ring c the whole of the three elements c, d, e, as
securely forced against the shoulder m.
The key serves to secure the bush upon the outer rings and the key the
inner rings upon the axle ends.
The inner faces of the end rings opposite to the grooves in the outer face of
the inner ring e are also formed with grooves in section semi-circular or nearly so
for the reception of the side balls h.
Into the bush is screwed the pressure nut which bears against the side ball
end ring. In a similar manner is secured on the opposite side into the axle box the
cap which presses against the adjacent end ring g All the parts are thus rigidly
connected together.
For the purpose of lubricating the bearings, a channel is formed through the
middle of the axle end from which branch holes leading to the supporting balls.
When lubricating, the wheel does not require to be taken off the axle, but the
cap 7 is removed and grease pressed into the said channel for instance by means of
lubricator.
a
Stauffer
In the construction of ball bearings described the inclined peripherys of the said
rings are not subjected to thrust and the side thrust likely to occur from the wheel,
i.e. from the hub and which may be transmitted into the elements e, a, e, so that
such thrust will not affect the supporting ball detrimentally.
Fig. 4 shows the conical rings as applied to the axles of railway wagons or tram
cars where the axle revolves. As illustrated in Fig. 1 a system of balls f for the
reception of the vertical thrust and another for the horizontal thrust are also
employed. All the rings &y join the rotation of the axle whilst the counter
rings are fixed to the axle box and do not rotate. The intermediate rings c & c
case
not formed conical in this
and the ring besides serving for the
are
t

page_text: reception of the supporting balls and counter ring e, acts as a distance bush as
in Fig. 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim, is:-
1st. In ball bearings for the axles of vehicles in which the division line of the
rings, e, of the balls f is not co-inciding with the direction of the thrust and the
balls take up the axial thrust, the employment of ball rings c, c, having conical
faces and grooves therein for the reception of supporting balls f, all substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. In ball bearings for the axles of vehicles in which the division line of the
rings of the balls f is not co-inciding with the direction of the thrust and the
balls take up the axial thrust, the employment of conically faced rings with
grooves for the reception of supporting balls and of a distance piece; for instance
a bush between the rings e on the axle, which piece serves to prevent axial
thrust being transmitted on to the supporting balls, the outer faces of the rings c
having also grooves for the reception of balls h, all substantially as set forth.
Dated this 25th day of June 1895.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.