IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,.
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, TWISTING, AND
DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS."-A communication from Louis Barnabé
Duboc, junior, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 3rd June 1859, and dated the 7th January 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th January 1859.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, TWISTING,.
AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention of improvements in machinery for winding, twisting, and
doubling fibrous materials relates to a novel arrangement of machinery for
effecting a "copping" motion in winding yarns or threads on to bobbins, and
also to a novel arrangement of apparatus having for its object the winding of
the cops of yarn direct on to the flyer spindles..
By means of these improvements a continuous winding operation is effected,

page_text: and is applicable to all kinds of fibrous materials, and for threads of any
degree of fineness. The improvements may be adapted to either spinning or
doubling machinery. The thread or yarn on coming from the drawing or feeding
rollers passes through oblique slots or openings in a guide plate set above the
flyer spindles, and from thence through eyes or "twistles" at the extremities
of the flyer arms (which are mounted vertically with their ends or terminations
upwards). The thread then makes a single turn round an arm or finger
projecting from a disc, mounted and moveable up and down on the flyer arms;
this finger is made to bear against the flyer spindle by means of a spring, for
the purpose of giving rotary motion to the spindle by the drag put upon the
thread, and to produce the necessary tension, which is effected by means of
friction rollers mounted upon the lower end of the flyer shafts, and bearing or
resting upon the cross piece of the framing in which they are mounted. The
flyers are fixed in a plate secured on the upper end of a hollow shaft, through
which passes the spindle. The flyers are actuated by means of a band passed
round a pulley fixed on the hollow shaft; or, if preferred, friction or wheel
gearing may be employed for this purpose. The copping motion is com-
municated to the flyers by means of grooved guide wheels mounted on rods
set in the copping rail, which wheels take on to the moveable discs of the
flyer arms, and carry them up or down in the direction of the motion of the
copping rail. The requisite motion of the copping rail is produced by the
following arrangement:-A conical drum driven by a band and pulley from
any prime mover is mounted and slides loosely upon a shaft, upon which is
mounted a wheel gearing into and driving another wheel mounted on an
endless screw, on the hinder part of which is one of a pair of toothed wheels
On the shaft of the
mounted excentrically and gearing into each other.
lowermost of these excentric wheels is mounted loosely another conical drum
capable of sliding thereon; the two conical drums are caused to traverse their
respective shafts by means of an arm, in which (between the two drums) is a
As.
female screw, through which the intermediate endless screw works.
therefore, this latter is rotated by means of the gearing, the conical drums by
being connected with the female screw will be moved backwards or forwards
upon their shafts, according to the direction of motion of the screw. Against
the periphery of the second conical drum (which is of an excentric form in
cross section) a bowle at the extremity of a lever connected with the copping
rail is made to bear, and by gradually depressing this lever, or allowing it to
rise by presenting to the bowle the larger or smaller diameter of the conical
drum, the requisite motion of the copping rail will be produced..

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 6th July 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her special license that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS
MATERIALS," being a communication from Louis Barnabé Duboc, junior, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature C: CCC He
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following.
statement, reference being had. to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
:-
This Invention of improvements in machinery for winding, twisting, and
doubling fibrous materials, relates to a novel arrangement of mechanism for
effecting the "copping" motion in winding yarns or threads on to bobbins,
and also to a novel arrangement. of apparatus having for its object the winding
of the cops
of yarn
direct on to the flyer spindles.
By means of these improvements a continuous winding operation is effected,
and is applicable with advantage to all kinds of fibrous materials, and for

page_text: threads of any degree of fineness. The improvements may be adapted to
either spinning or doubling machinery.
The novel arrangement of machinery for effecting the "copping" motion in
winding the thread on to the spindles will be readily understood by reference to
Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents in elevation
two spindles detached, one of which is supposed to be in motion, and the other at
rest; Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken through the middle of the same; Fig. 3
is à side view of the same; and Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section taken
parallel to Fig. 3. These Figures are supposed to be drawn to a scale of half
the real size to correspond to a certain size or number of thread. The other
Figures represent detached views of the principal parts; Fig. 5 being a plan
of the under side of the spindle, and the moveable finger which is applied
thereto; Fig. 6 is a front view of this latter, drawn full size; Fig. 7 is a plan
or top view of the plate or circular disc in which the flyer arms are mounted;
Fig. 8 is a plan view of a portion of the copping rail; and Fig. 9 is a plan
view of a portion of the guide plate set over and at right angles to the
spindles. The same letters denote corresponding parts in all these Figures.
A, A, are the spindles, which are mounted and turn freely and independently
in the tubes or hollow shafts B, upon which are mounted and revolve the discs
or foundation plates F of the spindles; C are driving pulleys mounted and screwed
or keyed upon the hollow shafts B, or gearing might be employed instead of
these pulleys; D, D, are friction blocks or pieces for stopping the rotation of
the flyer tubes or hollow spindles, and consequently the action of the whole.
machinery; E and E¹ are bars for carrying the bearings of the hollow spindles
B; F is a disc or plate (as above mentioned) mounted on the top of the
hollow spindle B, and carrying the arms. of the flyer G, G'; these arms,
which pass through the disc H (see Figs. 1 and 3), and to which disc
they impart rotary motion, have at their extremities twistles R, R', which
serve to guide and carry the thread during the operations of twisting and
winding on. The discs H, which are, as before mentioned, caused to rotate
by the arms C, G¹, move freely in the grooves of the guides I, I¹, Fig. 1,
mounted on the vertical rods O, O', set in the copping rail L below. The.
discs Hare thus made to follow the vertical alternating or "copping " motion
of the guides I, I', on that part of the spindles where the cops are to be.
formed, and by that means effect the direct winding of the yarn on to the.
spindle. J, J, are metal fingers (shewn detached at Fig. 6), which are
moveable in the discs H¹, and pressed against the spindles by means of a.
spring in the sockets x. These fingers, round which the thread makes a turn,
serve to operate the spindles by means of the drag thus put upon the thread, and

page_text: by that means to produce the tension necessary for the winding-on operation,
which is facilitated by the action of the friction wheels N mounted on the
lower extremities of the spindles. These wheels N act as breaks upon the
spindles, and by this means facilitate the formation of the cop. K is a bar in
which the bearings V of the spindles are mounted; L is the copping rail, in
which are mounted the guide rods O, O', which, by means of the grooved
guides I, I, serve to guide the discs H in their alternate up-and-down or
"copping" motion. The copping rail L is connected with the mechanism
necessary for producing the copping motion represented in Sheet II. of the
accompanying Drawings, and which will be hereafter described. M is a cast-
iron transverse bar, in which are mounted the lower ends of the spindles A,.
and upon which the friction discs N béar, the dimensions of these discs varying
according to the resistance offered by the thread. O, O', are rods set in the
copping rail L, and passing through the bearings in the transverse bars E, E¹,
and K, and carrying at their upper extremities the grooved pieces I, I'..
P, P, are stop pins set in the flyer plate F, for the purpose of maintaining
any one or more of the flyers in a state of rest when it is desirable to stop
them; for that purpose catches Q provided with nicks Y are screwed loosely
on to the transverse bar E, and drop over the pins P, as seen in Fig. 1. By
this means the attendant will have both hands at liberty when it is required.
either to mend à broken thread or to remove a full bobbin, and he is thus
enabled to operate without stopping the machinery, as is necessarily the
case with ordinary fly frames and mules; R, R', are the "twistles""
above mentioned, at the extremities of the flyer arms; and S and T are
the delivery or feed rollers, T being the presser roller; the lower roller S.is.
fluted, in order to bite or hold the thread. U is the bearing for the hollow
shaft B in the transverse bar E'; V is the bearing in the transverse bar K
for the spindle A; a is a small socket containing a spring, which serves to
press the finger J against the spindle A; Z (Fig. 9) is a guide plate
placed above the spindles, and furnished with oblique slots through which the
thread passes this plate is hinged at Z', for the purpose of removing it
when required.
The apparatus for producing the copping motion, and which is made to
operate upon the copping rail, is represented in the various Figures in.
Sheet II. of the accompanying Drawings; Fig. 11 being a longitudinal section
(drawn to a scale of half the real size) of the cone or conical drum, and which
the Inventor terins a "conical cam;" Fig. 12 is an end view of the same for
the first layer of the thread; Fig. 13 is an end view of the opposite end of the
cone, corresponding to the 260th and last layer; Fig. 14 is a side view of the

page_text: apparatus complete, drawn to a scale of th the real size; similar letters are
marked upon corresponding parts in all these Figures.
A (Fig. 14) is the driving pulley, which, by means of the driving band B,
transmits motion to the conical drum C, which communicates motion to the
screw D by means of the toothed wheels E, F. The conical drum G receives
its motion from the two excentric wheels H and I, shewn in side elevation at
Fig. 16. The conical drum C and the conical cam G are mounted loosely,
and are capable of sliding endways on their shafts O and P, this being effected
by means of the arms J and J', which have a female screw K working on the
screw D, which with its shaft remains stationary in its bearings; L and M
are the bearings for the screw D; N is a friction roller or bowle acted upon
by the conical drum or cam G, and mounted upon a lever which acts upon
the copping rail L (Sheet I.), and thus produces the copping motion.
Fig. 15 represents the spindle with the cop or bobbin wound upon it drawn
to the full size.
-
It will be observed on inspecting the Drawings, that the drum C is made
conical throughout a part only of its length, in order to operate the conical
cam G during the first layers of yarn on to the spindle; its conical form
ceases. at the point marked a, where the angle is formed which terminates the
foot of the cop at the 120th layer or turn, the bobbin being cylindrical from
a to b; the corresponding portion of the drum C is cylindrical also. The
drúm or cam bis conical at f, in order to raise the copping rail at each turn
of the spindle; the different points e, e¹, e³, are regulated in such a manner as
to lengthen or shorten the copping motion as required. The excentric gearing
H, I, (Fig. 16,) are for the purpose of accelerating the speed of the drum G,
and consequently of the copping rail, in order to form the point of the bobbin;
the side g of the drum or cam, as seen in Figs. 13 and 14, producing a regular
motion, and consequently a straight winding on. The side h in the same
Figures is shewn flattened, in order to cause the copping rail to descend much
faster than it ascended, and thus forming upon the ascending turns a spiral
crossing of the thread, which keeps it in place and gives suitable solidity to
the cop, as is the case in mules when the fallers descend. The rate of endway
motion of the cones upon their shafts is about the 15th part of an inch for
every turn of the spindles.
Having now described the nature of this Invention, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I would observe, in conclusion, that although I
have shewn and described the form and arrangement of mechanism which
appear to the Inventor to be the most advantageous for carrying his Invention
into effect, I do not mean or intend to confine myself thereto, as they may

page_text: be modified to suit the various operations required to be performed; but that
which I consider to be new and desire to claim as the Invention secured to
me under the above in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
Firstly, the arrangement of mechanism above shewn and described, or any
mere modification thereof for effecting the continuous winding of the yarn on
to the spindles.
Secondly, the arrangement above described and shewn in Sheet II. of the
Drawings, or any mere modification thereof for operating upon the copping
rail of spinning frames, and producing the copping motion.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)