An Improved Multiple Wood-turning Machine.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 5th July, 1886.
Complete Left, 25th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 3rd May, 1887.
n
An Improved Multiple Wood-turning Machine.
We, SAMUEL INGHAM, and WILLIAM ILLINGWORTH, both of Wellington Street,
Leeds, in the County of York, Timber Importers; and JOSEPH WILLIAM HAYWOOD,
of 33 Burley Lodge Road, Leeds, aforesaid, Saw Mill Manager, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to a form of multiple lathe arranged to execute circular
work of any description, such as, table legs, spindles, columns, balusters, etc., turned
and finished with any arranged ornamental mouldings.
The object of the invention is to lessen the cost of manufacture of such turned
woodwork.
We carry out our invention as follows:-
Mounted on a central axis (preferably horizontal) is a slowly revolving frame
arranged to carry, on its periphery, the number of scantlings which are to be operated
upon at one time. The "Centres" or "Chucks" which carry the scantlings are all
equidistant from the Central axis, and they are also equidistant from one another.
They are also so arranged that when the scantlings are held in position these latter
are all parallel with one another and parallel also with the central axis.
Instead of the scantlings being driven rapidly round on their respective centres they
are only revolved slowly by any suitable gear. This, in addition to the slowly
revolving motion of the whole frame round the central axis.
To the main standards supporting the central axis is firmly fixed (preferably at the
foot) a stiff cross-frame arranged to carry one or two, or more, rapidly revolving
cutter-blocks. These cutter-blocks revolve on centres practically parallel with the
whole of the other centre lines (although they may be purposely slanted if required to
execute taper work) and when cutting they are practically equidistant from the
central axis. Slides are prepared for moving these cutter heads and the paths are so
arranged that when sliding nearer to, or farther from, the central axis, the centres of
the revolving blocks move in true radial lines relative to such central axis.
The cutters are shaped and mounted in accordance with the ornamental outline to
be produced.

page_text: From the above general description of the main parts it will be understood that, as
the main central frame slowly revolves, each scantling will come into contact with and
pass by the series of quickly-revolving cutter-blocks, and as each scantling has also an
independent slow motion round its own centre, it follows if time be allowed--that
each scantling will be shaped into form by the cutters.
In the case we now use to describe further details we have eight equidistant
"chucks" (any number may be arranged) for carrying eight scantlings and we use
two revolving cutter-blocks. These blocks are so arranged to slide on their paths on
the fixed frame that their centres are always one eighth part of the circle apart. The
first cutter-block is used for "roughing" out the work, and the second for giving the
finishing cut. By this arrangement the two cutters act on two scantlings at the same
time.
In order to save time the main frame is caused, by suitable gear, to revolve quickly
through the space between the scantlings, and a corresponding pause is arranged at
the time when the cutters are in action.
A brake, locking catch, or other suitable stop is brought into action to steady tho
whole frame at the time when the cutters are at work.
The slowly revolving motion given to the "chucks" never ceases-excepting when
they are purposly thrown out of gear.
But in order to allow a quick revolution to be given to the "chucks," say, for "sand
papering" they may be thus thrown out after they have passed the cutters, and
certain pulleys, mounted on the "chucks," are made to come in contact with a quick
running endless belt arranged for driving them as they pass the operator.
In order to reduce the length of the scantling likely to spring sideways when acted
upon by the cutters-the "chucks" used are hollow ones so that any part of the ends
of a light scantling which may not require turning may ride inside or beyond the
"chucks." For heavy work ordinary "centres will do instead of these "chucks."
Dated this Third day of July 1886.
WILLIAM SNOWDON,
9, Beckett's Bank Chambers,
Leeds, Yorkshire,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: An Improved Multiple Wood-turning Machine.
We, SAMUEL INGHAM, and WILLIAM ILLINGWORTH, both of Wellington Street,
Leeds, in the County of York, Timber Importers; and JOSEPH WILLIAM HAYWOOD,
of 33 Burley Lodge Road, Leeds, in the County of York, Saw Mill Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention has reference to a form of multiple lathe arranged to execute circular
work of any description, such as, table legs, spindles, columns, balusters, etc. turned
and finished with any ornamental mouldings.
The object of the invention is to lessen the cost of manufacture of such turned
wood work.
We carry out our invention as follows, and in order to explain ourselves thoroughly
we have annexed two sheets of drawings. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation of the
machine partly in section. Fig. 2. is an end elevation of the intermittant gearing
for driving the main frame, and Fig. 3 is an end sectional elevation shewing the mode
of driving the cutters. The same letters refer to the same parts in all the figures.
The arrows denote the directions of revolutions such as the present machine is
arranged for.
""
Mounted on a central axis A A (preferably horizontal) is a slowly revolving
frame B B arranged to carry, on its periphery, a number of scantlings which are to
be operated upon. The "Centres or "Chucks" which carry the scantlings are all
equidistant from the central axis, and they are also equidistant from one another.
They are also so arranged that when the scantlings are held in position these latter
are all parallel with one another and parallel also with the central axis.
Instead of the scantlings being driven rapidly round on their respective centres
they are only revolved slowly-by any suitable gear, here shown revolved at any
convenient speed by the worm C, see Fig. 1. acting on the worm wheel D, which runs
loose on the shaft A, but is solid or equal therto with the spur wheel E, which latter
gears with the small wheels F-mounted on the "fast chuck heads. This, in
addition to the slowly revolving motion of the whole frame B. B. round the central
axis A.
To the main standards G supporting the central axis A. is firmly fixed (preferably
at the foot) a stiff cross-frame H H. arranged to carry one, or two (as here shown),
or more, rapidly revolving cutter-blocks. These cutter-blocks revolve on centrés
practically parallel with the whole of the other centre lines (although they may be
purposely slanted if required to execute taper work) and when cutting they are
practically equidistant from the central axis. Slides I¹ and I see Fig. 3. are
prepared for moving these cutter heads and the paths are so arranged that, when
sliding nearer to, or farther from, the central axis, the centres of the revolving blocks
move in true radial lines relative to such central axis.

page_text: The cutters are shaped and mounted in accordance with the ornamental outline to
be produced.
From the above general description of the main parts it will be understood that, as
the main central frame B B. slowly revolves, each scantling will come into contact
with and pass by the series of quickly-revolving cutter-blocks, and as each scantling
has also an independent slow motion round its own centre, it follows-if time be
allowed that each scantling will be shaped into form by the cutters.
In the case we now use to describe further details we have eight equidistant
"chucks" K¹ to K8 (any number may be arranged). The "fast" chuck heads are
shown on the right hand of Fig. 1 and the "loose" ones on the left. They are
suitable for carrying eight scantlings, see k¹ & k³, and we use two revolving cutter-
blocks L' & L³. These blocks are so arranged to slide on their paths on the fixed
frame H that their centres are always one eighth part of the circle apart. The first
cutter-block L' is used for roughing out the work, and the second L for giving the
finishing cut. By this arrangement the two cutters act on two scantlings at the same
time. JJ. are hand wheels for adjusting the cutters.
In order to save time the main frame B B is caused, by suitable gear, to revolve
quickly through the space between the scantlings, with a slowing motion as the
scantlings come within range of the cutters, and a corresponding pause at the time
when the cutters are in action on the centre line. Here this is carried out as
follows: the worm M. running at any convenient speed, (Fig. 1 & also the detached
end view, Fig. 2,) drives the shaft N. by means of the worm wheel M¹. Everything
mounted on this shaft is solid with it (or equal thereto). The wheel O. see Fig. 2,
has isolated groups of teeth-say, to suit the case given, two groups of two teeth each,
as shown at O' and 03, arranged diametrically opposite one another-the remainder
of the periphery being blank. The wheel P, into which O gears, is of the same
diameter of pitch line, and is here arranged with 40 teeth-a multiple of 8, the
number of the scantlings mounted. The positions of the teeth of the wheel Q
correspond with those of O except that there is only one tooth in each group. Each
such tooth is arranged, relatively, on the shaft somewhat in the rear of those in O, in
order that as the teeth, say at 01, run out of gear with P., that at Q¹ comes into gear
with R. Qgears with R in the ratio of 4 to 1, hence this latter wheel receives a
slower motion than P. Both these wheels P. & R. are solid with one ancther-or
equal thereto and are keyed to the shaft A. Firmly fixed alongside on the main
shaft A. is a notch-plate S. in which eight notches are cut corresponding with the
eight positions of the frame B B. at which scantlings are required to stand whilst
the cutters are operating. Into those notches a catch U. falls, holding the frame BB
stationery, until again acted upon by a cam T which lifts the arm V. of the catch.
The cam T. has two rises in conformity with the two isolated groups of teeth on the
wheels O and Q, which are, relatively, placed slightly in advance of the teeth at
O¹ & O. In the arrangement described one revolution of the shaft N. brings about
two movements of the frame B B.
The action of the gear is this:-Supposing the catch U. to be in gear with the
locking-plate then the frame B B.-will remain stationery until one of the cams on
the shaft N. (which never stops revolving) lifts this catch out. This happens just as
one of the groups of teeth on the wheel O comes into gear. A quick motion is then
given to the frame B B. so long as the group of teeth continues in gear; just as they
pass out, one of the isolated teeth on Q takes up the movement at a reduced speed;
this whilst the scantlings are coming into the range of the cutters. "Again, just as
this tooth on Qgoes out of gear, the notch-plate S presents a new notch into which
the catch again falls-the Cam having meanwhile released the arm V. Until the next
cam starts the train of wheels on the shaft A, the frame B B. stands and the cutters
(which are always revolving) are brought into contact with the whole periphery of
the scantlings which are being constantly revolved by the gearing already described
as actuated by the worm-wheel°C.
Various modifications of this gear could be arranged to suit different requirments.
Z is here shown as the driving pulley, preferably below the floor Y, whilst X is an

page_text: idle pulley mounted on a compensating lever, which keeps the belt tight and guides it
between the two cutter-blocks and allows them to have their positions raised or
lowered.
In Fig. 1. the Cutters are not shown.
The caps on the bearings which support the axis A A. require to be kept fairly
tight so as to act somewhat as a brake.
22
The slowly revolving motion given to the "chucks never ceases excepting when
the wheels F. F. are purposely thrown out of gear and into the space left at f. In
order to allow a quick revolution to be given to the "chucks," say, for "sand-
papering," they may be thus thrown out after they have passed the cutters, and
certain pulleys ff, mounted on the "chucks," are made to come in contact with a
quick running endless belt-not shown-arranged for driving them as they pass the
operator.
In order to reduce the length of the scantling likely to spring sideways when acted
upon by the cutters-the "chucks" used are hollow ones, so that any part of the ends
of a light scantling which may not require turning may ride inside or beyond the
"chucks." We use any "chuck" whose compactness makes it suitable. For heavy
work ordinary "centres" will do instead of these "chucks."
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :-
1. The Improved Multiple Wood-turning Machine, arranged, constructed, and
operated, with the object and for the purpose set forth, substantially as described
herein, and shown on the drawings.
2. In a Multiple Wood-turning Machine, the combination of a slowly revolving
frame B B; carrying a series of lathe heads, K¹ and others, revolving at a moderate
speed; brought into and held within the range of high-speed cutters, mounted on two
or more cutter-blocks L' & L' producing turned work of the description desired and
arranged for, substantially as described herein and shown on the drawings.
3. In a Multiple Wood-turning Machine, the intermittant motion for revolving,
governing, and locking the main frame B B., with the object and for the purpose set
forth, substantially as described herein and shown on the drawings.
Dated this Twenty fourth day of March 1887.
WM. SNOWDON,
9, Beckett's Bank Chambers,
Leeds, Yorkshire,
Agent for the Applicants.