Improvements in Gas, Petroleum and like Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1899-Accepted, 22nd July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas, Petroleum and like Motors.
Í, JEAN RAMBAUD, of 12, Rue de l'Oiseliére, Lyon, in the Republic of France,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
In order to obviate, to a certain extent, the heating produced in motors operated
by means of successive explosions, the circulation of water has hitherto generally
been employed; this method, however necessitates special fittings or installations
and only effects an imperfect cooling.
This defect is especially apparent in motors for motor road vehicles, where the
volume of water employed for this purpose is necessarily very limited owing to the
useless weight which it adds to the vehicle and the space which is occupied by
the reservoir or reservoirs.
Now the motor which forms the subject of this invention entirely obviates this
serious defect owing to its novel cycle of operations alone, thereby enabling the
motor to be run normally at far greater speeds than has hitherto been the case,
and that for a lengthened period, without any danger of any appreciable heating.
This novel cycle of operations consists in adding to the cycle of four phases
constituting the ordinary Otto cycle, two other supplementary phases for effect-
ing the cooling, by means of the suction of pure external air by the cylinder after
the exhaust of the burned gases, thus rendering my novel motor a motor operat-
ing with a cycle of six phases.
In the accompanying drawings I have represented by way of example a petro-
leum motor for motor vehicles operating with a cycle of six phases and in which:
Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through the motor.
Figure 2 is a cross section taken upon the line A-B passing along the axis
of the valves of the cylinder end, and
Figure 3 is a plan of the same partly in section.
In order to the better illustrate the motor in Figures 2 and 3, this motor is
represented as consisting of two coupled motors, the pistons of which, for the
purpose of ensuring equilibrium and avoiding vibration, are arranged at an angle
of 180° with respect one to the other; nevertheless the said motor may equally
well be employed singly or it may consist of a series of coupled motors.
The cylinder end of each of the two motors comprises three valves, the valve a
being for the admission of the carburated mixture or gas employed, the valve b
is for the exhaust of the burned gases, whilst the third valve c is for the admission
of pure air (that is to say external air) serving to effect cooling.
These three valves may be distributed over the cylinder end in any desired
manner; in the motor represented in the drawing, the admission valve a which
opens automatically, has been arranged above, and the two others b and c which
are operated separately, have been shewn arranged upon a flat part formed at the
extremity of the cylinder end.
These valves and are opened at the precise moment desired by means of

page_text: ordinary cams, by the intermediary of corresponding levers dor e pivoted upon
a transverse axis f, the said cams being rigidly fixed upon the shaft g which
rotates, by the intermediate of toothed wheels h and i, at a velocity three times
less than the driving shaft j in order to correspond to this novel cycle of
operations.
The valve 6 for the discharge of the burned gases is maintained open by means
of a cam k during one phase only, whilst the valve e, serving for the suction of
pure air for cooling purposes, is maintained open by its cam during two con-
secutive phases, corresponding to the admission and exhaust of this air.
The cycle of operation of this motor is therefore composed as follows:-
The first phase (the forward travel of the piston) corresponds to the admission
of the mixture, which is produced in the manner indicated, by the automatic
valve; the second phase (the return of the piston towards the rear) corresponds
to the compression and ignition by means of the electric arc r; the third phase
(forward travel) to the driving stroke; the fourth phase (the return motion) to
the exhaust through the valve 6 of the burned gases; the fifth phase (that of
forward motion) to the admission of pure air through the valve e; and finally the
sixth phase (rearward motion) to the discharge of this air through the same
valve.
!
When this motor is applied to motor road vehicles (as is the case in the con-
struction represented by way of example in the accompanying drawing) it will
be readily understood that, in descending inclines where it is necessary to expend
any force, the motor may be allowed to rotate freely without explosion and
consequently without cost, constantly sucking in air instead of alternately draw-
ing in gas and air. In order to effect this it is only necessary to maintain the
air valve e open, operating either by hand or foot a lever device arranged within
reach of the driver.
In addition to the principal advantage of constant cooling already indicated,
enabling circulation of water to be entirely dispensed with, whilst at the same
time producing a far better cooling action, another and very important advantage
consists in the fact that, owing to these successive admissions and discharges.of
air, the cylinder is completely cleansed after each discharge from the burned
gases, thus enabling this motor to be operated by means of mixtures, the con-
stitution of which is only limited by their inflammability. Now as is well known
this has not hitherto been possible, as mixtures which are already poor in them-
selves become still further diluted in the mass of burned gases which invariably
remain in the cylinder end, thereby producing a non-explosive mass giving rise
to failures.
Finally, it should be added that although the cooling of the cylinder is
effected in this novel cycle of operations onee in six phases, a temperature is
nevertheless maintained which is sufficiently high to permit of the utilisation of
the explosion under excellent conditions.
As already stated, the construction of this novel motor operating with a cycle
of six phases may vary according to the special applications for which it is
intended for industrial purposes, the tractive force for motor vehicles and so
forth. It may equally well be arranged vertically as horizontally.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The hereindescribed motor, but of which the form and arrangements may
be varied, in which the cooling of the cylinder is produced owing to the fact of
its novel operation with a cycle of six phases, reserving for this purpose the two
last phases in order to produce successively and automatically; at the fifth
phase an admission of pure air within the cylinder and cylinder end, and at the
sixth phase a discharge of this air.
2. In combination with the arrangement described in Claim 1, the arrange-

page_text: ment for this purpose upon the cylinder end of an auxiliary valve opening
automatically and remaining open during the fifth and sixth phases in order to
permit of the admission and discharge of this external air.
Dated this 22nd day of June 1899.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.