Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Feb., 1888
Specification Accepted, 6th Apr., 1888
Improvements in Printing Telegraphs.
1, JACOB HAYS LINVILLE, of the City and County of Philadelphia, in the State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to he
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-'
My invention relates especially to that class of printing telegraphs which operate
automatically as transmitters or as receivers by electrical pulsations sent from any
instrument organized as a transmitter or from a central station pulsator over a
conductor connected with one or more instruments organized as receivers when the
printing by the transmitters and receivers is controlled by any instrument in the
line operating as a transmitter. The organization of the instruments and circuits is
such as to adapt them to a complete system of communication between business
offices either in direct connection by private wires or connected through a central
station.
The instruments operate with single line conductors and local batteries or with two
conductors dispensing with local batteries, with or without central station pulsators
and without the employment of alternating currents of reverse polarity.
My invention further relates to improvements in apparatus described in Letters
Patent No. 11,181, dated August 16th 1887, for presenting the paper in page form,
from a continuous roll to the type-wheel; in devices for preventing impressions from
one type wheel whilst printing from the other and in the circuits employed to unison
the type-wheels to effect impressions and to signal to the operator at a transmitter the
movement of the paper carriage of a receiver; and my invention further relates to
improvements in electro-magnetic and mechanical devices and in the arrangement of
the electric circuits by means of which any operator is enabled to individualize the
receivers on a single line conductor and send a message to any receiver or to any
number of receivers in a series or otherwise connected.
My invention consists first.y: In the peculiar construction of a table of contacts or
sunflowers consisting of two annular series of insulated metallic segments, each series
equal in number to the divisions of the type-wheels, placed concentric with the type

page_text: wheel shaft and traversed by brushes secured to metallic hubs on the type wheel shaft
and insulated therefrom, and in the connection of these segments with the respective
lines through the electrical devices and the insulated contact springs controlled by
the key of a key-board. Insulated contact springs in electrical connection respectively
with the main line type wheel and printing circuits and a source of electrical energy
bear on the insulated metallic hubs on the type wheel shaft connecting thereby the
line circuits with the brushes and segments of the sunflowers. One of these series of
segments, insulated from one another is in connection with the type wheel circuit by
a conductor from each segment to alternately open and closed circuit springs operated
by the stems of the keys of the key-board, except in one instance where three
consecutive contacts are connected to the closed circuit springs of the key-board as in
my previous English patent hereinbefore referred to. The open circuit springs
connected to one series of segments are connected to the type-wheel line and
conversely the closed circuit springs are disconnected from this line by the depression
of their respective keys, which, simultaneously close the printing line circuit normally
open through the other series of segments and through their circuit springs corre-
sponding to each division of the type-wheels. The pulsations in the former main line
operate in the instrument organized as a transmitter through a neutral electro-magnet,
its armature and retracting spring, to vibrate wedge pallets secured to the armature
lever and thereby drive a star wheel attached to the type wheel shaft, automatically
making and breaking alternately the main line circuit at the sunflower segments and
through the successive open and closed circuit contact springs of the key-board until
a contact brush reaches a segment connected to a depressed key and contact spring,
whereby the alternation of makes and breaks of circuit is interrupted and the type
wheel is arrested in consequence of the brush encountering two consecutive makes or
breaks of circuit. The pulsations sent to line operate through similar electro-magnetic
devices and escapements to drive in unison, the type-wheels of the receiver, at which
the main line circuit must be switched around the sunflowers and contact springs of
the keys.
My invention consists secondly: In so organizing the circuits that, when a central
station pulsator is included in circuit, the type-wheel line through such pulsator is
switched around the sunflower and contact springs of the key-board at both the trans-
mitters and receivers, but the printing line is switched around the sunflower and
contact springs of the key-board only at receivers, and operates through the contact
springs at the key-board of a transmitter, when the circuit of the printing line is
closed by a brush contacting with a segment of the printing line sunflower in electrical
connection with the contact spring depressed by a key, to arrest the central station
pulsator by an electro-magnetic detent in the circuit of the printing line. The main
batteries are located at the central station with suitable indicators, signalling devices,
switch-boards and connections to subscriber lines and instruments, to enable the
subscribers to signal the central office, and the attendant to connect in circuit any
instruments on the respective lines. When only two instruments are in communi-
cation, as between business offices the batteries may be located at any point on the
lines connecting these instruments.
My invention consists thirdly: In so organizing the instruments and circuits that
they will operate to effect automatic unison and printing by means of directors and
correctors as shown and described in my previous patent hereinbefore referred to,
when the escapement electro-magnets actuate wedge pallets in response to alternate
makes and breaks of circuit in the type-wheel line, and when the printing is effected
by a separate printing main line closed through contacts on the director, or, in the
absence of a printing line, by local battery circuits closed by the director, when the
type-wheels are arrested by two consecutive makes or breaks of circuit in the type-
wheel line.
My invention consists fourthly: In the regulation of the speed of the instruments
operating automatically, by including in the type-wheel main line an electro-magnet
actuated by pulsations. 'in said circuit and closing the line by which it is actuated, in
parallel circuit through an escapement electro-magnet

page_text: My invention consists fifthly: In the permanently fixed guards inclosing the face
of the type-wheel not employed in giving impressions, and a printing spring located
between the type-wheels, and adjustable to and shifted laterally by the rod which
shifts the type-wheels.
My invention consists sixthly: In a signalizing device operating, not only through
the type-wheel line as in my previous patent herein before referred to, but also through
the printing line when an electro-magnet operating a detent is embraced in the circuit
of the printing linė.
My invention consists seventhly: In the individualizing of instruments connected
in series by means of direct currents sent over the type-wheel line, whereby the type
wheel and director are stopped at the "cut out" division of the type-wheels, in which
position of the director a branch line of the printing circuit operates a circuit disc
moving it one step for each revolution of the type-wheel. The electro-magnets for
effecting the printing, for feeding the paper, releasing the paper carriage and shifting
the type-wheels are in the printing circuit.
The discs are so arranged in the several instruments in series that they are first
placed in unison.
The unison latch is released by the next revolution of the type wheel, stopping at
say a shifting position of the type wheels. Then each successive revolution of the
type wheels stopping at "cut out" division will cut out all the electro-magnets in the
printing circuits excepting the electro-magnet in the branch circuit, operating to
rotate the discs, and bring into circuit the electro-magnet in the printing circuit
of the instrument numbered one. A second revolution cuts out number one and
brings into circuit the instrument numbered two, and so on in succession. A switch
in the local circuit of the instrument from which the cut out is operated enables the
operator to arrest the circuit closer of his instrument when it closes the local circuit
until he brings into circuit the printing electro-magnets of the instrument on which
he desires to record a message: and
My invention consists eighthly: In the peculiar arrangement of the apparatus by
which actuating parts are plainly visible and the adjusting devices are rendered simple
and easily accessible and by which the paper is presented horizontally in a flat sheet
below the type wheels in a position convenient for manipulation and the inspection of
the operator.
The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood by reference
to the accompanying drawings showing the same in a imanner found practically
efficient, and in which
Figure 1, is a plan view of the key-board, main shaft, corrector, director and circuit
springs, scape-wheel and unison electro-magnet, and showing also a sectional view of
the sunflower, and a plan of the electro-magnets and devices employed in operating
the paper carriage.
Fig. 2, is a longitudinal section through the printing instrument, showing the key
anvils and contact springs, the sunflower, escapement, unison, type-wheel shifting and
"cut out" electro-magnets and the devices operated thereby.
Fig. 3, is a transverse sectional view through the printing instrument and the
paper carriage, the section being taken through the centre of the sunflower and arm
carrying the type wheel shaft, but exhibiting, in side elevation the type wheel shaft,
corrector, director and the hubs carrying the sunflower brushes.
Fig. 3, is a sectional view of the paper carriage showing a modified form of guide
wheels.
Fig. 4, is a side elevation of the paper-carriage racks, feed rollers, signalling-spring
and back-stop to the paper carriage.
Fig. 5, is a side elevation of the printing instrument, the table supporting the
electro-magnets and the devices operating therewith to effect the impressions, to space
between letters and lines, and to release the paper carriage.
Fig. 6, is an end elevation on an enlarged scale showing the type wheel support,
ink roller, curved guards for the type-wheels L-shaped in section, and the arm
carrying the printing spring between the type wheels.

page_text: Fig. 7, is a detailed view of fig. 6, partly in section and partly in elevation, showing
in section, the sleeve carrying the type wheels, and in elevation, the shifting rod
carrying the shifting arm, the ink roller, and the arm supporting the printing
spring.
Fig. 8, is a top view of the ink roller, its frame and connection with the shifting
1od, and the adjusting spring for the ink roller.
1
Fig. 9, is a perspective view of the side projecting base plate and table supporting
the paper carriage and feeding devices, showing also the electro-magnet for feeding
between lines, the spacing ratchets for spacing between letters, the ratchet and gear
wheels, and the shafts and rollers for feeding the paper to space between lines.
Fig. 9, is a perspective view of a modified form of means for operating the feed
rollers by a ratchet lever.
Fig. 10, is a diagrammatic view of the operative parts, the electro-magnets and
switches and the electrical circuits through the same when the instrument is organized
as a transmitter, the portion of the drawing in broken lines illustrating an alternative
arrangement when a relay is included in the circuit.
Fig. 10", is a diagrammatic view embracing similar portions of the circuits and
electro-magnets shown in figs. 10 and 11, and illustrating modifications of the circuits
when local printing batteries connected in the printing circuit of a transmitter and a
receiver are used in lieu of the main line printing batteries and circuits.
Fig. 11, is a diagrammatic view of the operating parts, the electro-magnets and
switches and the electrical circuits through the same when the instrument is organized
as a receiver; the portion of the drawing in broken lines illustrating an alternative
arrangement when a relay is included in the circuit.
Fig. 12, is a diagrammatic view, principally in isometric perspective, of a central
station apparatus, and shows the electrical circuits and devices for connecting the
batteries through a central station annunciator, pulsator and printer with the main lines
through subscriber instruments.
Fig. 12, is a diagrammatic view mainly in isometric perspective of a central station
apparatus, showing the electrical circuits and devices for connecting the batteries
through the central station, audible and visible annunciator electro-magnets and a
series of pulsators, detent and printing electro-magnets and the several pulsators
ratchets and type wheels being frictionally connected to the same shaft and driven
by a belt passing around a pulley rigidly secured to said shaft.
Fig. 13, is an isometrical perspective view of the individualizing "cut out," showing
the director, ratchet wheel and cut-out discs, the unison spiral, the ratchet electro-
magnet and the unison latch and tripping devices therefor operated by the type-wheel
shifting electro-magnets.
Fig. 14, is a detail of an unison arm operated by a spring secured to the unison
arm and to the type wheel shaft, and stopped by a fixed disc and locked and released
by the unison electro-magnet, the loose unison arm and fixed disc being arranged to
effect unison in one revolution.
Fig. 15, is a detail of an unison device, with a loose unison arm and two discs on the
type wheel shaft, the loose unison arm and loose disc being revolved by a spring
secured thereto and to the type-wheel shaft, and stopped by the disc fixed to the type
wheel shaft, effecting unison in two or less than two revolutions. The unison arm
being locked and released by the unison electro-magnet ; and
Fig. 16, is a plan and sectional elevation of a sunflower and its electrical devices
and connections with the conductors through the impression and paper feeding electro-
magnets and the shifting and releasing electro-magnets, and which may be substituted
in the instrument for the director and its electrical devices.
Referring to the drawings A, represents the base to which the key-board B, and
the frame plates A, A, containing the mechanism controlling the type wheel shaft
are attached.
Between the frame plates A, A, are removable plate glass
slides A, A, A, held in position by the removable corner strips as, a. By this
means the delicate mechanism of the instrument is rendered plainly visible and
easily accessible, and is also protected from dust or other extraneous matter and injury.

page_text: ני
The key-board B, carrying the keys with their stems 613, 14, is removable from the
case A. The plate B', of insulating material, carries the circuit springs and anvils
and is secured to bearings a², on the interior of the case A. The key-board contains
keys engraved with letters and punctuation marks, also with other characters and
figures. The upper character on each key is found on the type wheel containing
letters of the alphabet, and the lower character on each key is found on the type wheel con-
taining figures. When the key marked "letters" is depressed the type wheel containing
letters is brought into position to print and when the key marked Figures is
depressed the type wheel containing figures is placed in position to give the impres-
sions. The key marked "Feed" is depressed in order to feed the space between lines.
The key marked "Release" is employed to release the paper carriage,
The key
marked "Blank" to space between words; the key marked "Repeat to duplicate
letters; and the key marked "cut out" to operate the individualizing apparatus.
The unison key need not be depressed. Its circuit spring is attached to a conductor
from the sunflower segment where three successive contacts are connected to the type-
wheel line, for purposes to be hereinafter fully described.
From the frame plate A, is projected horizontally, a tubular arm A, carrying
the face-plate a, to which are secured (figs. 6 and 7), the bracket d, supporting the
bearings for one end of the type-wheel shaft D. The L-shaped guards consist of the
bars d, and the plates d28, fastened to sleeve, 26, through which pass stud pins 25,
and the stud-pin d, passes through the sleeve d, to which is attached the spring d
and these several parts are suitably attached to the face-plate a¹. The other end of
the type-wheel shaft D), is supported by adjusting screws in a removable cap co,
attached to the frame plate A*.
The sunflowers C, are composed of metallic segments and c, embedded in a disc
of insulating material secured in a removable brass ring c¹³, fitted into the frame-
plate A. The conductors from the sunflowers being carried down outside of the
plate A, in a suitable casing c¹³, and connected to the contact springs on the plate B²,
the removable cap elo, and ring c¹, permits the sunflowers C, to be detached from the
plate A', without disturbing the electrical connections with these springs when it is '
necessary to remove the frames A4 and A5, from the base plate A¹.
The double sunflower C, consists of two circles of metallic segments c and c¹,
equally spaced and concentric with the type-wheel shaft D. These segments are
insulated from each other and from the supporting ring e". These segments c, of the
outer circle are alternately connected by the conductors 23 (figs. 10 and 11,) to
the open circuit springs, operated by the keys 613, of the key-board, and to the
close circuit springs 4, operated by the keys 4, of the key-board. The
upper anvils 2, of the springs are connected to the type-wheel line by
short conductors 24, and the lower springs 7, forming anvils for the open
circuit springs, are connected by short conductors 24, to the type-wheel line.
In one instance, three successive segments c, are connected with closed circuit keys,
and these segments must be connected successively with the unison key and the
preceding and following key, taking the connections in the numerical order of the
segments.
The segments c, of the inner circle of segments are connected, successively, by
conductors 3, to the springs 68, the connections 3, from the inner circle of segments c¹
being at a point diametrically opposite to the connections 23, from the outer circle of
segments e, in order that the brushes and c, may contact at the same time with
the opposite segments c¹ and c. The springs 68, normally out of contact with the
anvil bars 63, contact with these bars when a key corresponding to a spring 68, is
depressed. The anvil bars ³, are connected by short conductors 4, to the printing
line. It will be observed that the key-stems are tipped with insulating material 61,
which bears on springs and 6, and that insulating material 6, is interposed between
the stems carried by the anvil-springs 6 and 7, and the springs 8, in the printing
circuit.
By these devices the type-wheel circuit and the printing circuit are insulated from
each other at the key-board. while both circuits are simultaneously closed when the
.

page_text: brushes contact with segments connected with an open circuit spring 65, and a printing
spring 8, which have been depressed and the type wheel line has been closed by the
depression of an open circuit key; and the printing circuit, only, is closed when the
brushes contact with segments connected with a closed circuit spring, and
a printing spring 8, which have been depressed, and the type wheel line has been
broken by the depression of a closed circuit key. The depression of a key changes
the succession of open and closed circuit contacts in the outer circle of segments c,
causing the type wheel shaft to be arrested with the brush c, resting in contact with
the segments connected with a spring belonging to the depressed key 13 or 64, as will
be hereinafter explained. The metallic hub, on the type wheel shaft D, is connected
by the spring c, to the conductors 22 and 21, leading to the type wheel battery T, B,
and is in electrical connection with the arm c, and brush e. The metallic hub c, on
the same shaft is connected through the spring e³, and conductors 2 and 1, to the
printing battery P, B, and is in electrical connection with the arm e, and the brush e.
The brushes, arms and hubs, in one line are insulated from the brushes, arms and hubs
in the other line, and from the type wheel shaft, and the springs c² and e³, are
supported at one end on insulating material.
:
During the revolution of the type wheel shaft D, and the brush e, which contacts
successively with the outer segments c, and the brush e8, which contacts successively
with the inner segments e', alternate makes and breaks of the type wheel line circuit
of battery T-B, will occur while the circuit of battery P-B, will remain normally
open between the anvils 3, and spring 8, until a key is depressed. When the
brush e, passes over the three segments e, connected successively to closed circuit keys
a prolonged impulse will be sent over the type wheel line, without, however, checking
the regular progressive movement of the type-wheel shaft, effected by the intervention
of a corrector, as hereinafter more particularly described.
Rotary motion is imparted to the type wheel shaft. D, (fig. 2), by wedge pallets e
and e, impinging on the V-shaped teeth of a star scape wheel e, secured to said shaft.
The pallets are vibrated by the armature lever e¹, the armature e, being attracted by
the escapement electro-magnet E, when the type wheel line is closed and withdrawn
by the retracting spring elo, when the line is broken, and since such advance of the
scape wheel, driven by each pallet through a space equal to half a tooth, causes the
brush c, to contact with a succeeding segment c, alternate makes and breaks of
circuit will succeed each other and the type-wheel shaft will continue to rotate, auto-
matically, until the regular succession of impulses is interrupted by the depression
of a key. To prevent the prolonged impulses from three successive closed circuit
segments of the sunflower from arresting the type wheel shaft, a corrector T, is secured
to, but insulated from said shaft. The corrector consists of a metallic hub t³, and
two metallic discs and t, in electrical connection with said hub, but insulated
from each other by the intervening discs of insulating material. The discs t, is indented
only at one point, so that a type wheel line circuit, through conductor 26 (figs. 10
and 11,) spring t, hub t, disc t, spring t¹, conductor 29 and escapement electro-magnet E,
will be interrupted for the period of one regular break of circuit when the disc tt,
with its indentation passes under the spring. Directly opposite the indentation in
the disc and immediately preceding said indentation, there occurs in disc ta
contact, and consequently the current entering by conductor 26, divides between the
escapement electro-magnet E, and the unison electro-magnet F, when the springs t
and 2, both bear on metallic contacts on the discs and to, but the entire current is
shunted through the unison electro-magnet F, by the spring 2, and conductors 27
and 28, when the circuit through the escapement electro-magnet E, is broken at the
indentation in the disc t, the spring t¹, then being clear of its metallic contact and
riding on the insulated material of the disc.
The break of circuit through the electro-magnet E, permits the advance of the type-
wheel shaft, while the prolonged current of increasing intensity energizes the unison
electro-magnet F, causing it to strongly attract its armature f¹, and overcome the
tension of the retractting spring f³. The spring f³, is adjusted so as to resist the
pull of the electro-magnet F, when energized by pulsations of ordinary duration and

page_text: intensity, occurring during the regular alternate pulsations produced through the
sunflower of a transmitter. When the armature f¹, is attracted, the stop f*, on
the lever, is withdrawn from the path of the unison-arm ³, secured to and
revolving with the type-wheel shaft D. When the type-wheel shafts of both
transmitter and receiver are revolving in unison it follows that their respective unison
electro-magnets F, will be energized to withdraw the stops, at precisely the same
moment without arresting either type-wheel shaft, but if the type-wheel shaft of a
receiver is not revolving in unison, it will be arrested by the unison stop until the
brush, of the transmitter passes two of the three successive closed circuit contacts,
and during the passage of the brush over these two closed circuit contacts the
prolonged current will occur, and while passing the first contact, part of the current
and while passing the second contact, the entire current will be shunted through the
electro-magnet F, thereby simultaneously releasing the unison-arms of the transmitter
and receiver. This impulse of the full strength of the battery succeeding an impulse
of less strength, serving to charge the electro-magnet E, cannot occur excepting at
the unison position of the type-wheel shaft and the type-wheels of the transmitter,
when the brush c³, is passing two successive closed circuit seginents, and, consequently,
the unison arm of the receiver will be released only when the type wheel shafts and
type-wheels of the transmitter and receiver are in unison. Therefore, if at any period
in a revolution the type-wheels of the respective instruments should fail to revolve in
unison they will be automatically corrected during the next revolution of the
transmitter.
22
The corrector T, and the "automatic unison" operating in connection with a
double coil electro-magnet and polarized armature, are described and claimed in
English Letters Patent No. 11,181 granted to me under date of August 16th 1887,
but the corrector in said patent required an additional disc and contact-spring and,
instead of effecting a break of circuit through the escapement electro-magnet as in
this application, the current was diverted from one coil to the other coil of the double coil
electro-magnets, thereby effecting vibration of the polarized armature while a prolonged
impulse of current of uniform intensity and of the duration of two regular impulses
was shunted through the coils of the unison electro-magnet.
$10
An
The director S, mounted on, but insulated from the type-wheel shaft D, is
similar in principle and general details to the director described and claimed in the
aforesaid patent, but the arrangement of contact discs and springs is modified to adapt
it to use in connection with a single line conductor. The metallic hub so, (figs. 1, 3, 10
and 11,) extends through the corrector and is in contact with the metallic discs s³,
and sand these metallic discs are separated by dises of insulating material on which
the contact springs s¹, s², s³, stand a³, ride when indentations occur in the respective
metallic discs. The hub s, is insulated from the type-wheel shaft D, by a sleeve, and
from the adjoining hub with a set screw attachment, by a collar of insulating material.
There are as many short contacts distributed on and among the five metallic discs as
there are divisions in one circle of segments in the sunflower, or the aggregate number
of contacts is equal to the number of characters and spaces on a type wheel.
additional contact is however, introduced on the disc s", on the same radial line with
the contact on this disc for a purpose to be hereinafter more fully explained. The
contacts are very short and the insulating spaces are extended, but both are uniformly
spaced around the peripheries of the metallic discs. Three contacts that would fall at
the regular sub-divisions of the director are omitted at suitable intervals on the
metallic disc s, used to direct the printing circuit, and opposite these intervals is
provided a single contact in required order, in each of the metallic discs s' and $8, and
only one contact spring can impinge at one time on a contact in the discs s7, 8 and $11.
at any point in the revolution of the director. But when a contact on the disc s, falls
under a spring s3, the supplemental contact on the disc s¹¹, falls under the springs,
closing the parallel circuit through the conductors 7 and 11 and electro-magnets H
and I. When the type-wheel shaft is arrested with the contact springs, resting on
a contact on the disc ", the current entering by the conductor 6, spring s, hub s,
passes by the disc s", spring so, and conductor 7, through the coils of the impression

page_text: electro-magnet H, employed to effect the step by step movement of the paper carriage
and to operate the impression devices. When the spring s*, of a contact rests on the
discs s10, the current is directed through the conductor 9, and the coils of the paper
feeding electro-magnet M. When the spring s³, rests on a contact on the discs, a
portion of the current is directed through the conductor 11, and the coil of the electro-
magnet 1, employed to release the pawl h³, and dog 7, (fig. 1,) from the rack it, of
the paper carriage. This portion of the current in the parallel circuit energizes the
electro-magnet 1, causing it to attract its armature i, and by means of the armature
lever, revolve the shaft i, swing the lever, carrying the pins is, against the pawl h³,
at the same time by means of a pin i, releasing the dog h, from the rack. The
current in the other branch of the parallel circuit, through a contact in the disc 11,
springs, and conductor 7, at the same moment energizes the electro-magnet H,
causing the armature h, to be attracted and the lever, is thereby drawn forward
and the pawl ³, carried thereby and bearing against the pin i, is detached from the
rack ', and the counter-pawl, connected to said lever by the link 6, is revolved
clear of the counter-rack j³. The paper carriage is then free to return to its initial
position.
When the spring, rests on a contact on the disc s8, the current is directed through
the conductor 13, and the coils of the electro-magnet G¹, attracting its armature g₁₂
and causing the type-wheel D², containing figures and punctuation marks to be shifted
into position to give impressions, and when the spring s¹, rests on a contact on the
discs, the current is directed through the electro-magnet G, by the conductor 15,
causing its armature g, to be attracted and the type-wheel D', containing alphabetical
characters to be shifted into position to give impressions.
To avoid the friction of numerous contact-springs of the metallic discs of the
director, I prefer to employ a sunflower (fig. 16,) arranged concentric with the type-
wheel shaft D, the metallic segments being regularly spaced, and in number, equal to
those of each series in the sunflower C. The segmental contacts are narrow, and
those employed to direct the current, through the conductor 7 are all connected to said
conductor, while the remaining contacts are connected successively, as shown, to the
respective conductors 9, 11, 13 and 15, and through the respective electro-magnets in
their order, and for the purposes as herein before set forth in reference to the
director S.
The apparatus for shifting the two type-wheels D¹ and D³, will now be
described.
The type wheels are rigidly secured to a sleeve d³, (figs. 3, 6 and 7.) moving freely
on the type wheel shaft D. The sleeve d³, terminates at its inner extremity in a
grooved collar do. The arm do, bifurcated at one end embraces the collar d, and
pins through the extremities of the bifurcated arms engage in the groove 30, of the
collar d. The other extremity of the arm d³, is secured to the shifting rod g¹¹, by
the set-screw 10. The shifting rod gl, slides freely through the face-plate a, and
the bracket d, and is jointed at one end to the lever gl. The lever 10, is secured to a
rock-shaft 98, pivoted in brackets on the frame plate A5, and from a right angle lever g',
secured to the rock shaft gs, depends the connecting rod g, pivoted to the armature
lever, of the shifting electro-magnets G and G. When the electro-magnet G, is
energized its armature g, is attracted and the letter wheel D¹, is shifted into position
as shown in fig. 3, to give impressions. When the electro-magnet G₁, is energized
its armature g, is attracted and the figure wheel D³, is shifted into position to give
impressions. An arm d, with two concave recesses in its upper surface is secured to
the shifting rod g, and a spring d², attached to the face plate a, carries pivoted in
its extremity, a roller d³, which engages in one of the recesses in the arm d"; whenever
the type-wheels are shifted into position and thereby firmly maintains the type wheels
in correct position to give their impressions in one and the same straight line. The
ink roller frame d¹3 and 4, is loosely pivoted between fixed collars on the shifting
rod g, and carries, between one extremity of the frame, the ink roller d, and at its
other extremity the sides of the frames d¹s and d¹, are connected by a flat plate 1,
against which an adjustable spring 17, bears, in order to regulate the pressure of the

page_text: k roller on the type-wheels. The plate d", impinges against an adjusting
hen the ink-roller passes over blank spaces on the type-wheels.
The ink roller d¹, suitably mounted on a spindle d, consists of fine felt d",
unched out in circular form and compressed between the flanges d³, of the ink
oller . The ink roller frame being secured between fixed collars on the shifting
od gl, will be shifted simultaneously with the type-wheels without the aid of frictional
ontact therewith.
The printing spring d², is adjustably attached to the arm d³, located between the
ype-wheels and D, and is rigidly secured to the shifting rod g". The spring 24, is
shifted simultaneously
hereby held in central position between the type wheels and
with the type-wheels.
and
To prevent impressions from the type-wheel not in use, curved guards consisting of
bars, and plates d³, forming a combination L-shaped in cross-section, are secured
to the face plate a¹², by stud pins 25, and nuts d². The vertical bars 27, of the
guards are made of requisite strength to support the thin horizontal flanges 28,
maintain their form against the pressure of the paper when struck by the printing
hammer. The horizontal flanges (23, are made very thin to permit the paper to
lic close to, but out of contact with the type-wheels. The guards d" and d, are so
located with reference to the type-wheels that the type wheel in position to receive the
impressions is in a vertical plane midway between the edges of the flanges of the
guards, while the idle type-wheel is in the recess formed by the flange d28, and bar d",
of one of the guards, and impressions can consequently be given from the exposed
type-wheel only.
The paper carriage carrying flat sheets of paper to receive the impressions is supported
on the wheels j, and ¹, running on the tracks J10 and J", attached to the base A,
(figs. 3, 4 and 9,). I prefer to omit the wheels j', and track J", and to substitute
therefor the vertical rolls, (fig. 3) turning on stud pins held in brackets ",
attached to the bar J. The rollers, bear against the flanges of the inverted
channel-bar J13, which is firmly held in position by the brackets 128, secured to the
base-plate A, and offers rolling friction only to the movement of the paper carriage,
when driven forward by its rack or returned by the action of a spring or weight
The mechanism employed to control the printing-hammer and paper-carriage and
to space between letters and lines is mainly attached to a table A³, supported on
brackets a and a", secured to the base-plate A³, extending from the side of
base A.
Side frames J and J1, rising vertically, and curved so as to extend horizontally
below the type-wheels support loosely in their lower horizontal extensions a shaft 2,
carrying a spool 2, on which the roll of paper is wound and is held between the
flanges J. The side frames are braced by the bar J³, supporting the rack it, and the
counter-rack j, by the bar J, supporting the wheels, by the paper guides J and J',
and the rod The feed rollers, are secured at intervals on a shaft j³, turning
freely in bearings in the side frames J and J. The pressure rollers 10, are secured
directly opposite the feed rollers on a shaft, turning freely in bearings in the ends of
the pivoted links j", and their function is to press the paper firmly against the feed
rollers under the action of adjustable springs secured to the link, and to the
side frames J and J. A double flanged pinion, is mounted on the shaft jo, at its
centre, and gears into a pinion k, sliding freely on the angular shaft K, or the pinion
may be feathered to a circular shaft. The shaft K, turns in bearings ³, attached to
the table A³, and the pinion k, slides freely on the shaft K, and is moved longitudinally
thereon by the flanged pinion, as the paper-carriage travels laterally.
A pinion k', secured at the end of the shaft K, engages in the driving pinion k²,
mounted on the shaft, turning in bearings and ko, supported on the table A³.
This shaft k, carries a ratchet wheel no, into which engages the hook-pawl nº, on the
lever n², to which is attached the armature n', of the paper feeding electro-magnets N.
The lever, is supported in bearings n', and n, and has a right angular extension n³,
at its rear end, to the extremity of which is attached its retracting spring n¹º
B

page_text: A stop n limits the backward throw of the lever n², and a spring n', maintains the
hook-pawl n, in contact with the ratchet wheel n.
When the electro-magnet N, is energized it attracts its armature n³, causing the
ratchet wheel n³, to revolve one notch and thereby, through the intervention of the
gearing, shafts and feed rollers just described, feed the paper, horizontally, between
the guides J and J', the space between two lines of the impressions. A greatly
simplified and equally effective apparatus for feeding the sheet of paper between lines
of the impression at any point in the excursion of the paper carriage is illustrated in
fig. 9ª, in which i̟, represents the feed roller, preferably of vulcanized rubber, mounted
on a shaft jo, which has its bearings in side bars Jand J¹, (fig. 9,). The pressure
roller 10 mounted on a shaft jo, may be of rubber or of wood or other suitable
material the shaft, being supported in the bearing, fig. 9. A ratchet-wheel n³,
is secured to the shaft, near its centre and the ratchet lever n", turns loosely on a
hub secured to the side of the ratchet-wheel n. The ratchet lever n", carries a
pawl n, held against the ratchet-wheel n³, by a spring a'. Through the extremity of
the ratchet-lever n, is an oblong hole n¹, so proportioned as to give a
bearing on the rod 10, and provided for sliding motion due to the angular motion of
the ratchet lever n", and rod n. The rod n¹0, is rigidly held in the extremities of the
arms n, which are firmly secured on the rock-shaft n³, mounted in supports attached
to the table A³. The armature n¹, of the paper feeding electro-magnet N, is attached
to the lever n², secured to the rock-shaft n³.
constant
When the electro-magnet N, is energized, it attracts its armature n¹, thereby
revolving the rock-shaft n³, and drawing downwards the rod ne, whereby the ratchet-
lever n, is drawn downwards, and by the intervention of the pawl nº, revolves the
feed-roller 78, a space equal to one notch in the ratchet-wheel n8. The relative move-
ments and proportions of the levers, arm and ratchet teeth and the feed roller are such
as to feed the paper forward the space between two lines of the impression. The
length of the rod ne, between the arms n¹, is sufficient to permit the rollers j and j¹º,
to traverse a distance equal to the length of the printed lines, and the paper can
therefore be fed thereby at any point in the excursion of the paper carriage.
The rack-electro-magnet H, is supported by the table A.
attached to the lever ', in the extremity of which is pivoted a pawl h³, pressed by a
Its armature h, is
spring. A link ho, connects the lever ', with the counter-pawl, which is pivoted
near its centre, on a stud-bolt, screwed into a post rising from the table A. The
printing hammer 2, (figs. 1, 3 and 5,) is mounted on an adjustable elastic arm 21,
attached to the bell crank lever 18, which is supported on trunnions h¹, bearing in
supports 23, rising from the table A³. A small ratchet-wheel h, and a larger ratchet-
wheel, are mounted on the same shaft side by side, and this shaft turns in bearings
in the supports 2. A horizontal arm, terminating in a hook-pawl at one extremity
engages in a tooth of the smaller ratchet-wheel h¹, and at its other extremity the
arm, is pivotally connected to the lever h¹.
the arm, in contact with the ratchet-wheel 15, and the printing hammer 2, aided,
A spring ", maintains the hook on
if found necessary, by a retracting spring not shown, maintains the bell crank
lever 18, in contact with the ratchet-wheel 16.
energized it attracts its armature h, thereby drawing back the lever 1, engaging the 4
When the electro-magnet H, is
pawl h³, in another tooth of the rack *, and swinging the counter-pawl h³, out of
engagement with the counter-rack . The same movement of the lever 1, causes the
arm h, to revolve the ratchet-wheels 15 and 16, (figs. 1 and 5,) the space of one
tooth, and the vertical arms, of the bell crank.lever 18, is forced forward by the
ratchet tooth and the horizontal arm 18, swings upwards causing the printing 5
hammer, to strike the paper with a rapid blow, forcing the paper against the type
wheel in position to receive the impression. After the blow, the vertical arm 41,
immediately drops into the next notch of the ratchet-wheel 1, thus permitting the
paper spring, to throw the paper clear of the type-wheels and thereby prevent
blurring of the impressions. When the circuit through the electro-magnet H, is 5
interrupted the lever h¹, is forcibly retracted by the spring 8, and by means of its

page_text: pawl, and the rack j, moves the paper carriage and paper laterally the space
between two letters, whilst the counter-pawl, engaging in the counter-rack j³, checks
suddenly and limits the movement of the paper carriage and the dog ', engages in a
tooth of the rack it, to prevent its retrograde movement.
The releasing electro-magnet I, depending from the table A³, is provided with an
armature i, attached to the lever i¹, secured to a shaft, on the upper extremity of
which is carried the T-lever, (figs. 1, 3, 5, 10 and 11). In the cross-arm, of the
T-lever is fixed two pins . The lever arms , and ³, are situated just below the
pawl, and dog, and the pins i, rise up just behind this pawl, and dog, (one pin 6,
nearly in contact with the dog,) but without interfering with their regular functions.
When the electro-magnet I, is energized the armature i, is attracted, thereby causing
the shaft, to revolve, thus swinging the T-levers and 5, and causing the pins 6,
to swing into contact with the pawl ³, and to disengage the dog ', from the. rack j.
The electro-magnet H, being in parallel circuit with the electro-magnet I, as herein-
before explained, through the contacts on the discs s" and s³, and springs so and s³, and
conductors 7 and 11, the electro-magnet H, simultaneously attracts its armature h,
drawing forward the lever , and pawl, which now strikes the pin 6, and is thereby
released from the rack j. The movement of the lever ¹, connected to the counter-
pawl, by the link 6, releases this counter-pawl from the counter-rack j³. The paper
carriage is now free to return to the limit of its backward excursion when solicited by
a weight or spring j³.
22
To indicate to the operator when the paper carriage has reached the limit of its
backward stroke, a bell-crank signal-lever 10, 21, pivoted at 120, and with contacts j²
and 3, is employed. The contacts 22 and 23, are in the circuit of the type-wheel line
(figs. 10 and 11,) when the instruments are used automatically, but must be in the
circuit of the printing line when the instruments are operated through a central-
station, as will be hereinafter more fully described. Just as the paper carriage
reaches the limit of its backward stroke the swinging-pawl, trips the bell-crank
lever, breaking the circuit of the line closed by the contacts 22 and 23. An
adjustable set-screw 16, and spring j1, are attached to the base A, of the instrument
and the return movement of the paper-carriage is arrested when the buffer j¹, secured
to the side bar J', impinges against the spring which strikes the set-screw jo, the
resistance of the spring, neutralizing the shock of the carriage and the set-screwj18,
limiting its retrograde movement.
The single line individualizing cut-out illustrated in perspective in fig. 13, and
partially appearing in fig. 2, will now be described.
In the portions of the type-wheel line and printing-line circuits shown in fig. 13,
and also for the electro-magnets common to this figure, and figs. 10 and 11, the
notation of figs. 10 and 11 has been retained.
2
The additional circuits required for the cut-out are indicated by numerals with
literal exponents.
The
On a shaft p, is mounted a ratchet-wheel p³, and a circuit closer O, consisting of a
metallic hub o, insulated from the shaft, and in electrical connection with a metallic
disc insulated from the shaft p, but in electrical connection with the hub o². The
contact-spring o, bears on the hub o, and the contact spring o', bears on the disc o³,
these springs being insulated from each other and from the instrument. The shaft p;
carries also an unison-disc U, with a spiral on its face, in which the unison-latch u¹,
pivoted in the rock-shaft w, swings vertically as the disc U, revolves, and laterally,
when tripped by the bell-crank lever us, out of engagement with the spiral u.
spring u, set at an angle of 45° degrees with the plane of the disc U, solicits the
unison-latch u¹, downwards and laterally towards the face of the disc U, and when
the disc U, has made slightly more than one revolution the disc U, is arrested by the
unison-latch ul, reaching the termination of the groove formed by the spiral u.
unison-latch u', is tripped by the bell-crank lever u³, attached by a link us, to one end
of the armature lever g², of the electro-magnets G and G¹. An additional metallic
hub s, and a metallic disc s", are added to the director S, heretofore described, the
disc and hub being in electrical connection with but, however, insulated from the
The

page_text: shaft D. A contact spring s¹, bears on the disc $14, and a contact spring s¹³, on the
hub $15. The ratchet-wheel p", is caused to revolve step by step by pulsations in the
conductors 6, 6° 6º, 6º and 17, in the circuit of the local printing battery L. P. B,
fig. 10, which energizes the electro-magnet P, and causes it to attract its armature p,
attached to the lever p¹, carrying the pawl p³, which is caused by its spring p*, to
engage in the teeth of the ratchet-wheel . When the circuit is interrupted, the
retracting spring p', withdraws the said arinature and lever, and the pawl p³, there-.
upon engages in another tooth in the ratchet-wheel p³.
The operation of individualizing the instruments will be explained after the
respective circuits have been traced and the operation of printing has been
described.
In the unison device shown in fig. 14, the unison arm f³, is loosely mounted on the
shaft D. The disc f", with its stop-pin 18, is secured to said shaft. A helical
spring, encircling the shaft D, is secured at one end to a hub fis, on said shaft
and at the other end to the unison-arm f³, and acts to revolve this unison-arm one
revolution on said shaft when it is stopped by the pin 1. The electro-magnet F;
must be in parallel circuit, or in series with the rack electro-magnet H, and conse-
quently the unison-arm will bo released by the withdrawal of the unison-stop f, on
the lever, when the armature 1, is attracted by the electro-magnet F, and the
unison-arm f, will be instantly revolved one revolution by the helical spring f. If
the sunflower (fig. 16.) be employed as a director, the coils of the unison electro
magnet F, may be placed in parallel circuit with the coils of the electro-magnet H,
by means of the contacts and the conductors 7 and 27, from said sunflower. Since
one or more characters are printed during each revolution of the type-wheel shaft, the
type-wheel shaft D, caunot be arrested unless the printing is suspended for an entire
revolution of said shaft. In fig. 15, the disc f¹, is loose on the shaft D, and is turned
thereon by a spiral spring 19. The stop-pin, on the disc f14, impinges against the
stop-pin 18, on the disc fi, attached to the shaft, D. The loose disc f, and the
fixed disc, permit the type-wheel shaft D, to make two revolutions before being
arrested by the unison-stop. The unison-stop shown in figs. 14 and 15, may be
substituted for the unison-stops, hereinbefore described, for arresting in unison the
shafts D, of the type-wheels, and also for the unison-spiral u, on the shaft 2. It is
shown in connection only with a type-wheel shaft D, but may be applied by any
skilled mechanic to the shaft p.
The respective mechanical and electro-magnetic devices having been described, the
operation of the same when effected by pulsations in the electrical circuits, and the
course of the electrical circuits will now be explained:
-
Since the transmitters and receivers are precisely similar and can be operated,
interchangeable by reversing the position of the switches W, figs. 10 and 11, similar
letters and numerals have consequently been employed to designate similar electro-
magnets, devices and conductors in figs. 10 and 11. In fig. 10, the conductor 19 is
terminated at the point w³, and the switch-bar w, connects the conductor 5, with the
point, and line 4, to the anvil-bars 63, of springs 68, included in the printing circuit,
while the conductor 32, is terminated at the point w³, and the switch-bar w², connects
the conductor 25, to the conductor 24, terminating in the anvil-bars 6, of the
springs, operated by the keys ", and in the anvil-springs 7, operated by the open
circuit keys 63, and these springs and 67, being included in the type-wheel line.
This instrument organized as indicated in Fig. 10, will then operate as a transmitter.
In fig. 11, the switch W, is turned so as to break the connection between the con-
ductors 4 and 5, and 24 and 25, at the points w* and w, and to connect the
conductor 5, with 19, at the point w³, and conductor 25, with 32, at the point w³,
thereby cutting out of circuit the anvil-bars 2 and 3, of the springs and 68,
the instrument indicated in fig. 11, will consequently operate as a receiver. The
type-wheel battery T-B, and the printing battery P-B, are shown as divided, a
portion of each appearing in fig. 10, and the remaining portion in fig. 11. The
batteries may be united and placed at either terminal station or at any position in the
main lines... When no key is depressed, the circuit. of the battery. T-B; is normally
and

page_text: closed when the brush c³, contacts with a segment c, connected by the conductor 23,
to a spring and may be traced as follows:-from earth by conductor 34, to the
negative electrode of the battery T-B, and from the positive electrode to the post M',
by the conductor 21, thence by the conductor 22, to the insulated spring e, by the
spring c², to the hub e, in electrical connection with the arm c, thence by arm c
and the brush c, to a segment of the sunflower C, and when the brush e, contacts
with a segment e, connected by the conductor 23, with a spring , in contact with the
anvil-bar 2, the circuit continues thereby to the anvil bar, and thence by
conductor 24, to the point w, switch-bar e¹, conductor 25 post M², temporary tie to
the post M³, thence by conductor 26, to a spring t, of the corrector T, and by spring,
to hub t, in electrical connection with the disc t', by the spring t¹, and conductor 29,
to the coils of electro-magnet E, thence by the conductor 30, to the post M", by the
temporary tie to post M, and thence to line 31, and by line 31, to post M', of
receiver fig. 11. The circuit in fig. 11, continues from post M, by a temporary tio,
to post M, by the conductor 30, to the coils of the electro-magnet E, thence by the
conductor 29 to the spring t, and by the disc t, hub t³, spring t, and conductor 26 to
post M³, and by the temporary tie to the post M², thence by the conductor 25, switch-
bar w¹, point to, and conductor 32, to the contact 3, of the signal-lever 1, 21. From
the upper contact of said lever, the circuit continues by conductor 33, to the
conductor 21, connected to the negative electrode of the battery T-B, the positive
electrode of which is connected to earth by the conductor 34, completing the
circuit.
The respective electro-magnets E, of both transmitter and receiver are consequently
energized by the battery T-B, attracting their armatures e, and by means of the
palleis e and e, cause the star-wheels e" to revolve one-half the space between two of
their teeth. This motion of the star-wheels revolves the type-wheel shafts D, and the
brushes c, a space equal to one division of the type-wheels, and the brushes e, fall on
the next succeeding segments c, of the sunflowers C, connected by the conductors 23,
to the spring, (fig. 10,) which it will be observed, are in open circuit, having no
anvil-bars like bars 2, connected to the conductor 24. Therefore the circuit will be
interrupted through the respective electro-magnets E, and their armatures will be
simultaneously withdrawn by the retracting springs el, (fig. 2) causing the pallets e³,
to revolve the star-wheels e, another space equal to a division of the sunflowers and
the type wheels, and the brushes c, will again contact with segments connected by
conductors 23, to closed circuit-springs & Continuous revolution of the type-wheel
shafts D, will consequently be maintained, automatically until the brushes c, reach
the second, of the three consecutive closed circuit segments c, of the sunflowers herein-
before mentioned, when the intervention of the correctors T, become necessary in
order to effect breaks of circuit through the coils of the electro-magnets E, and
thereby continue the regular alternation of makes and breaks of cirenit, and the
uninterrupted rotation of the type-wheels. When the brushes c, are on the first of
the three consecutive closed circuit segments c, of the sunflowers C, the springs t',
(figs. 10 and 11.) bear on metallic portions of the discs t, while the springs, bear on
metallic contacts on the discs t, in electrical connection with the discs t¹, and the
currents by the springs t, consequently divide by the springs and 2, and
conductors 29 and 27, to the coils of the respective electro-magnets E and F, and the
parallel circuits through the electro-magnets F, are completed by the conductors 28.
The electro-magnet F, is a slow magnet, the cores of which become partially charged
by this current, but not sufficiently to overcome the resilience of the retracting
spring, (fig. 2). When the brushes c³, contact with the second closed circuit
segment c, the springs t, fall on insulations on the discs t, and the circuits through
the springs t, and conductors 29, are consequently interrupted, for the duration of
one pulsation, the entire current being shunted during this interval by a contact on
the discs, springs 2, and conductors 27 and 28, through the coils of the electro-
magnets F, giving the effect of a powerful current following a preliminary magnetiza-
tion of the cores of the electro-magnets F, thereby attracting the armatures f¹, and
withdrawing the stops f, on the armature lovers,. out of the path of the unison-

page_text: arms of the respective instruments.
The instruments will therefore revolve
continuously whilst in unison, and if the unison-arms, of the receiver (fig. 11,) does
not arrive at the unison position simultaneously with the unison-arm, of the
transmitter, the electro-magnet F, of the receiver will be energized only by short
pulsations, inadequate to attract its armature f¹, until the brush e, of the receiver
passes over the first two of the three consecutive closed circuit contacts of the sun-
Hower, when a pulsation of a divided current followed by a pulsation of the entire
current will cause the withdrawal of the unison-stop f*, of the receiver simultaneously
with the withdrawal of the unison-stop f*, of the transmitter, thus automatically
effecting the unison of the type-wheels of both instruments, without interrupting the
regular rotation of the type-wheels. The resistance of the respective coils of the
electro-magnets E and F, must be proportioned so as to prevent too great diversion
of the current from the electro-magnets E. The reduction of current through the
electro-magnets E, may be compensated by permanently uniting a spring 68, (in the
printing circuit of battery P-B.) with the conductor 24, in the type-wheel line. The
spring to be united is manifestly the one belonging to a key corresponding to the
first of the three closed circuit segments of the sunflower. When the brush c', contacts
with this segment the brush e, will contact with the segment c', connected by the
conductor 3, to the spring 8, and the two batteries T-B, and the portion of the
battery P-B, shown in fig. 10, will unite in quantity and the current on the line will
be thereby momentarily reinforced, to_compensate for the reduction of current
through the coils of the electro-magnets E, otherwise caused by shunting part of the
current through the coils of the electro-magnets F, at this position of the corrector T,
as herein before fully described. The spring 68, so connected to the type-wheel line
cannot be employed to close the printing circuit to effect impressions.
It will he readily understood from the foregoing description, that if the regular
succession of open and closed circuits in the type-wheel line be interrupted, either by
depressing a closed circuit spring 6, thereby causing two consecutive segments c, of
the sunflower to be in open circuit, or by depressing an open circuit spring, thereby
causing two consecutive segments c, to be in closed circuit, the brush cº, will be
arrested on the segment c, corresponding with the key and spring depressed. In the
former case, the armatures of the electro-magnets E, will remain withdrawn by their
retractile springs, and in the latter case they will be permanently attracted by the
electro-magnets holding the type-wheel shaft and the type-wheels firmly in position
in either case by means of the pallets on the levers el, engaging in the star-wheels e,
until the key and spring are released, whereupon the normal succession of makes and
breaks will thereby be restored and the type-wheels will consequently revolve,
automatically, until another key is depressed.
When a key is depressed either depressing an open circuit-spring 6, or a closed
circuit-spring, a spring 8, in the printing circuit is at the same time depressed by
the pin 60, and the insulating pin b, and makes contact with an anvil-bar 6³, closing
the circuits of the printing batteries P-B, (fig. 10. and 11), when the brush c
contacts with a segment c¹, connected by a conductor 3, with the spring 68. The
circuit of the batteries P-B, may be traced from earth (fig. 10,) by the conductor 20,
to the negative electrode and from the positive electrode by the conductor I, to the
post M, and thence by the conductor 2, to the spring c³, and to the hub c¹, in
electrical connection with the arm c', and by the brush c", to the segment c¹, connected
by the conductor 3, to the spring 18, depressed into contact with the anvil-bar 13,
thence-by the conductor 4, and the repeating-key 1, to the point w, and by the
switch-bar w, and the conductor 5 to the post M, tied temporarily to the post M.
From the post M', the circuit continues by the conductor 6 to the spring s, of the
director S. If the key depressed represents a character to be printed, the circuit will
continue by the hubs, short contact on disc s, springs, and conductor 7, to the
coils of the electro-magnet H, of fig. 10, and by the conductors 8 and 17 to the
post M, and by the conductor 18, to the post M³, of fig. 11, thence back through
the coils of the electro-magnet H, by the lines similar to those just traced and to, the
director until arriving at the switch-bar w, thence by the point w³, and conductor 19,

page_text: to the post M, and by the conductor I, to the negative electrode of the battery P-B,
(fig. 11), and from the positive electrode thereof. by the conductor 20, to earth,
completing the circuit through the electro-magnets H, of the transmitter and receiver.
These electro-magnets will, thereby, be simultaneously energized, attracting their
armatures, and drawing back their levers, and pawls ³, so as to engage in the
teeth of the racks *, and to disengage the counter-pawls h°, from the counter-
racks j³.
The levers ', (figs. 1, 3 and 5,) are connected by the bars 1, terminating in
hook-pawls which engage a tooth in each of the ratchet-wheels 10, secured on the
same shafts with the ratchet-wheels 18, and the attraction of the armatures h, there-
fore revolve the ratchet-wheels, one tooth, causing the printing hammers 2, to
strike the paper and effect the impression simultaneously at the transmitter and
receiver and then fall clear of the paper, as hereinbefore set forth. When the key is
released the printing circuit is interrupted between the spring 18, and an anvil-bar ³,
and the levers, are withdrawn by their retracting springs, 8. moving the paper
carriages forward the space of one tooth in the racks, and checking the movement
by the counter-pawls 5, engaging a tooth in the counter-racks j³, and the paper is
then in position to receive the impression of the next character. The hook-pawls on
the bars, also engage in the next succeeding tooth in the ratchet-wheels ¹³.
Since the discs s7, 3, 5 and 10, have each a single metallic contact corresponding
respectively to the keys, marked "Letters," Figures Feed," and "Release," on
the key-board B, and to blank division of the type-wheels and these contacts on any
of these discs fall opposite insulations on the others and also on the discs s¹,
(excepting that the disc s", has a contact corresponding with the contact on the
releasing disc s.) it therefore follows, that when the key marked "Letters
depressed the type-wheel shafts will be arrested, bringing the contacts on the discs s',
in contact with the springs s¹, and the printing circuit will thereby be closed through
the springs, and the conductors 15, to the coils ef the electro-magnets G, and
thence by the conductors 16 and 17, to the posts M8, completing the circuit as
previously traced. The electro-magnets G, are thereby energized attracting their
armatures g, to shift the letter wheel in position to give impressions as heretofore
set forth.
3226
"
is
Similarly when the key marked "Figures" is depressed the circuit is closed through
the discs, springs s, conductors 13, coils of the electro-magnets G³, conductors 14
and 17, to the posts Ms, in figs. 10 and 11, and the Figure-wheel will be shifted
into position to give impressions.
To feed the paper the space between two lines, the key marked "Feed" is
depressed, and the type-wheels and directors are arrested with the contacts on the
discs 10, in contact with the springs, and the circuits are closed through the
springs, and conductors 9, to the coils of the electro-magnets N, and thence by
the conductors 10 and 17, to the posts M8. The electro-magnets N, are energized,
attracting their armatures n', whereby, as previously shown the feed rollers ³, are
revolved, feeding the paper upwards and forward to space between lines at any point
in the excursion of the paper carriage.
"
To release the paper carriage at any point in its excursion, the key marked
"Release
is pressed, causing the type-wheels and directors to be arrested with the
contacts on the discs, in contact with the springs s, and the circuit is then closed
through the springs, and conductors 11 to the coils of the electro-magnets I,
(figs. 10 and 11,) and thence by the conductors 12 and 17, to the posts Me. The
electro-magnets I, are consequently energized and the dogs 1, are released from the
racks, while the circuit being simultaneously closed in parallel circuit through the
discs s, springs, conductors 7, and the coils of the electro-magnets H, the arma-
tures, and levers ', are drawn forward releasing the pawls ³, and counter-pawls h³,
from their respective racks as herein before described permitting the paper carriages
to return simultaneously to their initial position from any point in their forward
excursions.
Blanks between words are produced when the key marked "Blank" is depressed;

page_text: which causes the type-wheels to be arrested with a blank on the same opposite the
printing hammers, and a contact on the discs ¹¹, in contact with the springs, which
closes the line as hereinbefore traced through the electro-magnets H, whereby the
printing hammers are actuated without causing an impression and when the key is
released and the printing circuit is thereby broken between the spring 68, and the
anvil bar 3, the paper carriages are moved forward by the retracting springs h³,
(fig. 1) a distance equal to the space between two letters.
A letter, numeral or other character on the type wheels, may be repeated, or the
operation of feeding releasing and shifting the type-wheels may be repeated
indefinitely by holding down the key corresponding to the desired operation, so as
to maintain the directors and type-wheels in the position indicated by the depressed
key, and at the same time causing repeated pulsations in the printing line by opening
and closing the key 61, in line 4, of figs. 10 and 11. When the key marked
"Release " an open circuit key-is depressed, the type-wheel line is closed and the
scape-wheels e, are held firmly by the action of the electro-magnets E, their arma-
tures e, and the pallets e. Since the type-wheel line in fig. 11, is connected by
conductors 32 and 33, to the contacts and 23, it follows that when these contacts
are separated by the contact of the hanging-pawl, with bell-crank lever jo, j, as
the paper carriage reaches the limit of its backward movement, the regular succession
of open and closed circuit segments of the sunflower will thereby be restored. The
circuit being broken through the coils of the electro-magnets E, the pallets e, will
revolve the type-wheel shafts so as to move the brushes c, to closed circuit segments,
and the type-wheels will therefore, automatically revolve until the brushes c³, encounter
the two successive closed circuit segments caused by depressing the releasing key.
This abnormal revolution of the type-wheels will indicate to the operator that the
paper carriage of a receiver has reached the limit of its backward excursion.
1
In figs. 10 and 11, relays L, are illustrated with their coils connected by the
conductors 35 and 36, (shown by broken lines.) respectively to the posts M² and M*,
in the type-wheel line. If the ties between the posts M and M³, be removed and
the levers, of the relays L, be connected to line at the posts M2, by the conductors 37,
and the back-stops , to the posts M³, by the conductors 38, a branch circuit of the
type-wheel line will be closed through the coils of the electro-magnets E, and at the
unison position through the coils of the electro-magnets F, each time the relay
lever, is vibrated in response to pulsations in the type-wheel line. The relay
electro-magnets may be of high resistance compared to the resistance of the electro-
magnets E and F, thus permitting the greater portion of the current to flow through
these latter electro-magnets. The speed of the instruments can be regulated, as
ascertained, by varying the distance of the relay cores from the armatures 1, or by
adjusting the retractile-spring 15.
When it is desired to omit the printing line and employ local batteries to energize
the electro-magnets G, G, H, I and N, the temporary ties connecting the posts M6,
and M', are removed as shown in fig. 10, and also the conductor 18, between the
transmitter and receiver is removed from the posts Ms. The conductors between
posts M and Ms, are left as shown in figs. 10 and 11, and the electrodes of the
respective local batteries shown in fig. 10, may be connected in a well understood
manner to posts M' and M³, of the transmitter and receiver. When the short contacts
of the directors S, pass under the springs bearing thereon, momentary pulsations will
pass in succession through the coils of the respective electro-magnets, but these
pulsations will be of too short duration to overcome the resistance of the springs
attached to the armatures of the electro-magnets G, G, H, I and N.
When the directors are arrested, however, with the springs bearing on any contacts
and the discs of the directors, the coils of the electro-magnets connected in the local
circuit closed by such contacts and contact springs will be strongly energized effecting
the specific operation for which the electro-uagnets are designed, as herein before
fully set forth, when the electro-magnets were included in the circuit of the main
line printing batteries. By the omission of the printing line and the substitution of
local batteries in the manner set forth the instruments may be employed on single

page_text: telegraph lines. The repetition of letters, and the other operations hereinbefore
mentioned effected by the key 616, must be effected when the local batteries are
employed, by stopping the type-wheels, repeatedly, at the point in their revolution
corresponding to the key depressed. Tho instruments may obviously be operated on
a single telegraph line connecting subscribers instruments, provided local printing
batteries as shown in fig. 10" be employed at subscriber stations, or, they may be
used on single lines radiating from a central station, if local printing batteries be
used for each instrument. When the lines radiate from a central station any suitable
signalling device may be provided to indicate to the central station attendant the
particular subscribers desiring the connection of the lines leading to their instruments.
prefer, however, to operate through a central station by two line wires. The tie
bars 2, (figs. 10 and 11), connecting w and w¹, are in this case removed, and the
divided batteries T-B, and P-B, are located at the central station. The type-
wheel lines are permanently placed to earth at all stations through the switch-bars w¹,
points w³, and the conductors 32, 33, 21 and 34. The conductors 32 and 33, are
connected around the contacts 22 and 23, and these contacts are included in the
conductors 19 of the printing line. The switch-bars w, of all the instruments must
be turned to, and retained on, the points w³, of all the instruments when used in
receiving and when an operator has transmitted his message, the bar w, of a trans-
mitter, must be removed from the point w, to w³, and the printing batteries will
thereby be placed to earth through the conductors 19, and 20.
13
The switch-bars w and we, being respectively on points w³ and w³, grounding the
batteries at terminal stations the conductors 31 and 18, indicating respectively the
type-wheel and the printing lines between two instruments (figs. 10 and 11,) are
connected permanently to separate metallic plates and 28, and 8 in fig. 12; and
these plates may be connected by suitable plugs connecting the plates and lines to the
conductors leading to the type-wheel and printing batteries now located at a central
station; line 31, being connected to one half of the divided batteries T-B by the
plate a plug, and the conductor 52, and to the other half by the conductor 56,
and plug, when it is inserted in the plate, and the line 18 being connected to
one half of the divided batteries P-B, by the plates, plug a, and conductor 43,
and to the other half by the conductor 60 and plug 9, when it is inserted in the
plate. The plugs are normally removed from the plates, 8, and, and are
permanently inserted as follows, riz.-a, in the plate ;, in the plate 2º, in
the plate ; and, in the plate 3, and they remain therein until a call is received
at the central station. The lines 18, are connected through the plates 8 and 8,
springs and, and the conductors 40 with one end of the coils of the electro-
imagnets X and Z, the other ends of the coils being connected in parallel circuit with
the conductor 41, from the local battery L-B. This battery is connected to earth
Both electro-
by the conductor 42; the lines 18, being to earth in, figs. 10 and 11.
magnets X and Z, will therefore be permanently charged at all times when the printing
lines 18 are to earth, and the plates, and are unplugged, and their armatures
and, will therefore be attracted, retaining in an upright position the drop shutters
and, thereby concealing the indication number of the annunciator. If the switch-
bar 10, in the instrument fig. 10 be moved from the point w³, to the point wet, to change
this instrument to a transmitter, say for station one, the line 18 will be temporarily
broken, when the bar w, is passing from point w³ to w, and the retracting spring a
will withdraw, the hook, from the catch a, on the shutter, allowing the shutter
to drop, revealing the numeral indicating to the attendant at the central station the
number of the instrument of the subscriber making the call. The attendant now
inserts plug, tipped with insulating material, into the plate 8, and thereby breaks
the connection of the line 18, with the coils of the electro-magnet X, at the point al,
and the spring. At the same time line 18, is connected by the plate, plug,
and the conductor 43, with one electrode of the left hand section of the divided
battery P-B. The other electrode of this battery is connected by the conductors 44,
47 and 45, to the coils of a deient electro-magnet V, and by the conductors 49 and 46
to the spring, and thence by spring 2¹8, and the conductor 50 to earth.
с

page_text: The shaft 7, is driven at an adjustable speed by any suitable motor as a weight or
spring or an electro-motor Q, frictionally connected to said shaft. This shaft carries
a ratchet wheel 3, with as many teeth, and a pulsator V, with as many contacts as
there are divisions on a type-wheel of the instruments as shown in figs. 10 and 11. It
also carries a type-wheel by which may be printed communications to the attendant
at the central station and the number of the subscriber's calls. The type-wheel line 31,
is connected to one electrode of the battery T-B, on the left of fig. 12, by the
plate, plug 27, and the conductor 52. The other electrode is connected by the
conductor 5, to the spring, of the pulsator V, the conductor 58 being separated
from the ground line 59, at the springs 5 and 6, the circuit connection will be.
through the spring, a contact on the disc 7, of the pulsator V1, hub 8, spring 10,
conductor 54, springs 15 and 16, and conductor 55 to earth. The motor being
driven by the battery M-B, to the electrodes of which its terminals are connected
by the conductors 63 and 65. motion will be imparted to the shaft qt, through the
worm and worm-wheel y, frictionally secured to the shaft, by the friction
clutch. Pulsations will therefore pass by line 31, through the coils of the electro-
magnet E, fig. 10, and since the insulation between two of the contacts on the disc »',
of the pulsator V1, is removed, and a metallic connection substituted to make the
pulsator contacts correspond with the segments c of the sunflower C, a pulsation of
the duration of three of the normal impulses will pass to line once in each revolution
of the pulsator, and during the interval corresponding to the duration of two normal
pulsations the unison electro-magnet F, will be energized through the electrical
devices and conductors as herein before described. The type wheels in the instrument
in fig. 10, will therefore revolve in unison with the type-wheel on shaft at the
central station by pulsations from one-half of the divided battery T-B.
key is depressed by the operator at the instrument numbered one to indicate the
number of the subscriber instrument he wishes to call (say number two,) the circuit will
be closed between a spring, and an anvil 6, (fig. 10) and the detent electro-
magnet V, (fig. 12,) will thereby be energized attracting its armature v, causing the
pawl-lever 1, to engage a tooth on the ratchet-wheel e³, and arrest the type-wheel Q³,
with a character thereon corresponding to the key depressed and in position to give
the impression on a paper tape y10.
.
When any
The impressions are simultaneously effected on the transmitting instrument and at
the central station as follows:-The lever v', has an arm, projecting at a right angle
therefrom, which impinges against an insulated point. This arm e, is insulated
from the lever ¹, and is connected by the conductor 46, to the conductor 49, in the
line previously traced through the coils of the electro-magnet V, and the conductors 49
and 46, and the springs and 18, and the conductor 50. The point, is connected
by the conductor 45, through the coils of the electro-magnet Y, and thence by the
conductor 44, to the negative electrode of the left hand portion of the battery P-B.
When the electro-magnet V, is energized to arrest the ratchet-wheel 3, this branch
circuit through the electro-magnet Y, is consequently closed between the point, and
the arm, energizing the electro-magnet Y, which attracts its armature y, causing the
printing pallets y', to impress the paper tape yo, against the type-wheel Q3, thereby
printing a character corresponding to the key depressed. If the plug, be now
inserted in the bar, the type-wheel line 31 connecting instrument number two,
fig. 11, with instrument number one, fig. 10, the type-wheel line 31, will be completed
through both sections of the battery T-B, fig. 12; similarly, if the plug 20, be
inserted in the bar 28, the printing line 18, will be completed through the entire
battery PB, both lines passing through the respective coils of the electro-magnets
of the central station instrument as herein before traced.
The instrument number two is now under the control of the operator at instrument
number one, and the message can be transmitted without the intervention of an operator
at instrument two.
The operation of calling instrument number one from instrument number two is
the same as illustrated for calling number two from instrument number one, and need
not be described. When neither instrument is in use the plugs 7 and a³, are placed

page_text: respectively in the bars a3 and 4, and the plugs 2 and 7, in the bars and 13,
grounding the divided batteries T-B and P-B, and permitting the line 18 to be
closed into the coils of either electro-magnets X or Z, through the contacts all
or when either switch in fig. 10 or 11 is turned to the ground point w.
I do confine myself to the precise operation of these instruments as described,
through a central station, since numerous modifications will readily occur to a skilled
electrician. An audible signal or bell as shown in fig. 12, can be substituted for the
visible indication as shown in fig. 12. The shaft Q', may be continuously rotated at a
regulated speed by a belt 25, and pulley 92, driven by power and the ratchet wheel ³,
pulsator V, and type-wheel Q³, must in that case be secured to the sleeve 27, on the
shaft g, frictionally secured to and moving with said shaft, until arrested by the
action of the detent electro-magnet V, its armature v, and detent-lover e¹, as shown in
fig. 12". A number of such combinations of ratchet-wheels, pulsators and type-wheels
secured to their respective sleeves, frictionally carried on the shaft q, and provided
with electro-magnets for each separate combination to operate detents and printing
pallets as shown in fig. 12ª, may be employed. The conductors to the coils of the
respective electro-magnets for each combination may in such case be connected by
plugs to any number of independent sources of electrical energy as shown in figs. 12
and 12, and to any number of subscriber instruments and several of the operative
combinations carried by their respective sleeves may be independently controlled at
the same time by the respective transmitters in the type-wheel line in which a pulsator
of the central station is included, and the printing line of which embraces the coils of
the detent and impression electro-magnets in combination with said pulsator. Two of
such combinations have been fully illustrated in fig. 12". This enables several separate
subscribers to send communications at the same time each to a different receiving
instrument. Each pulsator at the central station controls the type-wheels of the
particular transmitter and receiver connected through such pulsator and each trans-
mitting instrument controls the combination consisting of the ratchet-wheel c³, of
such pulsator V, and type-wheel Q³, by means of its printing line connected during
operation through the coils of the electro-magnets V and Y. The type-wheel Q
may be omitted from the combination or the coils of the electro-magnet V, may be
excluded from the circuit to prevent a record of the message at the central station.
The essential feature of this portion of my invention consists in so organizing the
instruments that without any material change and only by the proper manipulation of
their switches they may be used in direct communication through a series of separate
combinations of detents, pulsators and type-wheels such as hereinbefore described and
shown in fig. 10, frictionally driven at a central station when the coils of the detent
electro-magnet of such combination is embraced in a main printing line between a
transmitter and a receiver and the detent is controlled by the key-board and operator
of the transmitter connected in said line and when such detent electro-magnet controls
the pulsator embraced in the circuit of such transmitter and receiver and each pulsator
controlling the escapement electro-magnets of the transmitter and receiver connected
in circuit and thereby regulating the movement of their respective scape-wheels and
type-wheels.
The central station shaft q, may be arrested by the type-wheel line if a sunflower
with segments similar to the segments in the instruments number one and number two
figs. 10 and 11, with escapement electro-magnets E, and unison electro-magnets F, to
control said shaft be employed the sunflower acting as the pulsator, or as before
stated, an instrument precisely similar to instruments numbered one and two
organized as a receiver may be used as the connecting instrument. When the
instruments are coupled in series, in a single telegraph line, through the coils of the
electro-magnets E and F, and local batteries are employed as shown in fig. 10, to
energize the electro-magnets G, G¹, H, I and N, it is necessary to employ an
individualizing cut-out to operate by a single line conductor, when it is desired to
cut-out of circuit all the instruments excepting the transmitter and the receiver for
which the message is intended.

page_text: This operation of cutting out the instruments will now be described :-
The operation of the electro-magnetic and mechanical devices shown in fig. 13, and
appearing in elevation in fig. 2, have already been described. The conductors
6, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15, are the same as shown in figs. 10 and 11, and connect the
springs bearing on the director S, to the coils of the respective electro-magnets
I, H, N, G and G.
<:
2
In fig. 13, an additional metallic hub s, and a metallic disc s, insulated from the
shaft. D, and the director must be added to the director S, previously described, and a
"cut-out" key must be added as shown to the key-board. In instruments designed
for operation in series such provisions must be made in designing the number of
divisions in the type-wheels, sunflowers and star-wheels. When the type-wheels are
arrested by the depression of a cut-out" key, a contact on the disc 14, falls under
a springs. The main printing line and batteries, the line 5, and the temporary tic
between the posts M and M, having been removed as shown in fig. 10, and the
electrodes of a local battery having been connected to posts M7 and Ms, of each
instrument in series the circuit of said battery is closed through the conductors 6
and 6e spring 13, hub, contact on the disc 14, spring 12, conductor 6ª, to the coils
of the electro-magnet P, thence by conductors 6 and 17, to the post Ms, completing
the circuit. The electro-magnet P, is thereby energized attracting its armature and
through the lever pl, and pawl causing the ratchet-wheel, on the shaft p, to
revolve the circuit closing disc O, 'one division. A repetition of the revolutions of
the type-wheels when arrested, in each revolution, at the "cut-out" space of the type-
wheels will cause a repetition of the step by step movements of the circuit closers O,
until all the circuit closers of the instruments connected in series, will be arrested at
unison by the latch ', when it reaches the termination of the unison spiral u. In
this position of the circuit-closers O, the springs o¹, of all the instruments will rest
on insulations on the discs of said circuit closers and the circuit by the conductors G
and 6, to the directors will be interrupted between the springs o and o¹. The latch u¹,
must then be released by depressing the key marked "Letters" when the electro-
magnet G, will be energized and the armature g attracted, causing the lever g², to
depress the links, and release the unison-latch ', by the action of the bell-crank
lever u³.
This operation may evidently be performed by suitable attachments to any other
electro-magnet if its coils be embraced in the printing circuit through a contact on
the director. The retracting spring u², will bring the unison latch, again into the
spiral, near its original position and the circuit-closer O, will again be free to revolve.
The contact o³, must be placed on each instrument, a space equal to a division of the
ratchet-wheel, in advance of its position on a preceeding instrument the divisions
being numbered from a terminal station. The depression of the "cut-out" key will
then advance all of the circuit-closers O, one division, bringing the contact 03, on the
instrument numbered one, under the spring o¹, which closes the break of the circuit
between the springs o and o¹, and restores the circuit through the director, rendering
operative the functions of the electro-magnets G, G, H, I and N, in instrument
numbered one.
If instrument number one, is to be the transmitting instrument the switch 01, in
instrument number one may now be turned to the point of, breaking the conductor 6, and
the circuit closer O, of this instrument will then remain stationary while the circuit-
closers of the remaining instruments are revolved by successive depressions of the
"cut-out" key until the contact 03, falls under the spring o₁, in the instrument to
which it is desired to record the message and the springs o, of all the other instru-
ments connected in series fall on insulations on their circuit-closers O, except the
springs o of the transmitter. The switch O', on the transmitting instrument is then
replaced closing the conductor 6, and the circuits through the directors S, will then be
operative only through these two instruments to record the message. The type-wheels
of all instruments will revolve, because the type-wheel: line has not been interrupted,
but the electro-magnets P, of such instruments will, not. be energized until the

page_text: "cut-out" key is depressed for the purpose of connecting other instruments in series.
It is evident that by the arrangement of the contacts o³, in identical positions on the
circuit-closers O. of several instruments the directors of such instruments may be
brought into circuit at the same time, and messages be simultaneously recorded on all
the instruments so organized.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a battery, a main line
circuit for setting the type-wheels, a sunflower, transmitting keys with their contact-
springs, means for connecting said battery with the sunflower segments and the
segments with said line, a neutral escapement electro-magnet included in said line
responding to alternate makes and breaks of circuit therein, wedge-pallets actuated
by said electro-magnet, a star-wheel driven by said wedge pallets, a type-wheel shaft
rotated thereby and a brush carried by said shaft but insulated therefrom making
contact with the segments of said sunflower alternately in open and closed circuit
with said key-contacts and said line, thereby automatically producing the pulsations
which actuate said mechanical and electrical devices to propel and arrest said shaft
when the alternate succession of makes and breaks of circuit is interrupted by the
depression of a key.
2. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a sunflower device, a main-
line battery circuit for setting the type-wheels, transmitting -keys with their contacts,
electrical-devices for connecting said battery with said line and sunflower segments,
a neutral escapement electro-magnet included in said line and responding to alternate
makes and breaks of circuit, wedge-pallets actuated by said electro-magnet and
driving a star-wheel secured to a type-wheel shaft, and a brush on said type-wheel
shaft contacting with alternate open and closed circuit segments of said sunflower,
causing pulsations which actuate said devices to rotate said shaft, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
3. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a double sunflower device,
two main-lines and batteries for controlling respectively the type-wheels and the
printing mechanism, transmitting-keys and their contact springs, electrical-devices for
connecting the batteries with the lines and the sunflower segments, a neutral escape-
ment electro-magnet included in one of said lines responding to alternate makes
and breaks of circuit, wedge-pallets actuated by said electro-magnet, a type-wheel
shaft, a star-wheel and a brush mounted on said shaft, said brush contacting with
alternately open and closed circuit, segments of one sunflower connected with said
type-wheel line producing pulsations which cause said shaft to be arrested when the
alternate succession of impulses is interrupted by the depression of a key, which at
the same time, actuates said electrical-devices connecting the line controlling the
printing mechanism with a segment of said sunflower in the printing-line, whereby
when the type-wheel shaft is arrested a brush thereon contacts with said segment and
an impulse is sent to line.
4. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a double sunflower device,
two main-lines and batteries for controlling respectively the type-wheels and the
printing-mechanism, transmitting-keys with their contact-springs, electrical-devices
for connecting the said batteries with the lines, and sunflower segments of the type-
wheel line, a relay electro-magnet with its coils included in said line, a neutral escape-
ment electro-magnet included in a branch of said line and responding to alternate
makes and breaks of circuit, wedge-pallets, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel and two
brushes mounted thereon, said escapement electro-magnet actuating said pallets when
the pulsations automatically produced by one of said brushes contacting with
alternately open and closed circuit segments of the sunflower connected with the
type-wheel line are closed in parallel circuit through the neutral escapement electro-
magnet, thereby driving the type-wheel shaft and producing prolonged makes or
breaks of circuit which arrest said shaft, when the alternate succession of impulses is

page_text: interrupted by the depression of a transmitting-key, which at the same time actuates
said electrical-devices connecting the line controlling the printing-mechanism with a
segment of said sunflower in the printing line, whereby when the type-wheel shaft is
arrested the other brush thereon contacts with said segment and an impulse is sent
through said printing line.
5. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a main-line battery and
circuit, for setting the type-wheels, a sunflower-device, keys with their spring-con-
facts, electrical-devices for connecting said battery with said line and sunflower
segments, a relay electro-magnet with its coils included in said line, a neutral escape-
ment electro-magnet responding to alternate makes and breaks of circuit and included
in a branch of said main-line, wedge-palleis actuated by said electro-magnet and
driving a star-wheel, said star-wheel mounted on the same shaft with a brush which
contacts with alternate open and closed circuit segments of said sunflower causing
pulsations which actuate said relay electro-magnet, thereby closing said type-wheel
line in parallel circuit through said escapement electro-magnet, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
6. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a main-line battery and
circuit for setting the type-wheels, a sunflower, transmitting keys with their contact-
springs, means for connecting said battery with the sunflower segments and the
segments with said main-line circuit, and a relay electro-magnet with its coils included
in said line, of a neutral escapement electro-magnet included in a branch of said line
responding to alternate makes and breaks of circuit therein, wedge-pallets actuated
by said escapement electro-magnet, a star-wheel driven by said wedge-pallets and a
type-wheel shaft rotated thereby, a brush carried on the same shaft but insulated
therefrom, making contact with the segments of said sunflower alternately in open
and closed circuit with said key-contacts and said line, thereby automatically producing
the pulsations which actuate said relay electro-magnet to close said line in parallel
circuit through said escapement electro-magnet causing the rotation of said shaft and
arresting of the same when the alternate succession of makes and breaks of circuit is
interrupted by the depression of a key.
7. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a type-wheel
main-line, devices producing electrical pulsations in said main-line, an escapement
electro-magnet in a branch of said line and an electro-magnet in said line, its
armature, lever and contact-print, whereby said branch line is closed in parallel circuit
through said escapement-electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
S. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a sunflower-device, a main-
line battery circuit, a branch-circuit thereof, an escapement electro-magnet included
in said branch-circuit for setting the type-wheels, transmitting-keys with their
contacts, electrical-devices for connecting said battery with said main-line and the
segments of said sunflower, a neutral electro-magnet in said main-line alternately
closing and opening said main line in parallel circuit through the coils of said escape-
ment electro-magnet, wedge-pallets, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel thereon, a brush
secured to the same shaft contacting with alternately open and closed circuit segments
producing pulsations which cause said shaft to be arrested when the succession of
alternate impulses is interrupted by the depression of a key.
9. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a sunflower-device, a battery,
a main-line circuit, transmitting-keys with their contact springs, electrical-devices,
substantially such as described, for connecting the said battery with said main-line
and sunflower segments, a neutral escapement electro-magnet in said line responding
to alternate makes and breaks of circuit, wedge-pallets controlled by said electro-
magnet, a type-wheel shaft a scape-wheel and a brush suitably mounted thereon and
operating to rotate said shaft by pulsations automatically produced by said brush
contracting with the alternate open and closed circuit segments of said sunflower and
by which said shaft is arrested when the alternate succession of impulses is
interrupted by the depression of a transmitting-key, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
10. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a double sunflower-device,

page_text: two main-lines and batteries for controlling the type-wheels and printing mechanism,
transmitting-keys with their contact-springs, electrical-devices for connecting said
batteries with said lines and sunflower-segments, a relay electro-magnet in said type-
wheel main-line, its armature, lever and contact-point, a branch circuit of said type-
wheel line and an escapement electro-magnet included therein, wedge-pallets, a
type-wheel shaft and a scape-wheel mounted thereon, a brush mounted upon the same
shaft, said brush contacting with open and closed circuit segments of one of said
sunflowers connected with said type-wheel line producing pulsations which cause said
relay to close the branch circuit through said escapement electro-magnet to arrest said
shaft when the alternate succession of impulses is interrupted by the depression of a
key, which at the same time, actuates said electrical-devices connecting the said line
controlling the printing mechanism with a segment of said sunflower in the printing
circuit, whereby when the type-wheel shaft is arrested a brush thereon contacts with
said segment and an impulse is sent through said printing line.
11. In a printing telegraph system, a battery, a main-line circuit, electrical-devices,
substantially as described, a neutral escapement electro-magnet automatically operated
by direct currents, a wedge-pallet escapement controlled by said electro-magnet, a
type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel mounted thereon, and means, substantially as described,
for arresting said shaft, in combination with a circuit-director and type-wheels
mounted on said type-wheel shaft, a local battery circuit through said director, an
electro-magnet with its coils in said circuit and responding to prolonged pulsations,
its armature, lever and retracting spring, a ratchet-lever, pawl, ratchet-wheels,
printing-lever and hammer, said electro-magnet when energized operating to revolve
said ratchet one notch, thereby actuating the printing-bammer, and when demag-
netized to move the paper-carriage by the action of its lever, pawl and retracting-
spring, to space between letters, substantially as described.
12. In a printing telegraph system, a battery, a main-line circuit, electrical-devices,
substantially as described, a neutral escapement-electro-magnet automatically operated
by direct currents, a wedge-pallet escapement controlled by said electro-magnet, a
type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel thereon, and means, substantially as described, for
arresting said shaft, in combination with a circuit-director and type-wheels mounted
on said shaft, a local-battery circuit through said director, an electro-magnet with its
coils in said circuit responding to prolonged pulsations, its armature, lever, shaft,
arms feeding-rod and retracting spring, a paper carriage its feed rollers, ratchet-wheel
and ratchet-lever operating when the director is arrested and the said electro-magnet
is energized by prolonged pulsations to revolve said ratchet-wheel one notch and
thereby feed the paper between lines at any point in the excursion of said carriage.
13. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a local battery, a battery
and main-line circuit, electrical-devices, substantially as described, a neutral escapement
electro-magnet automatically operated by direct currents, a wedge-pallet escapement
controlled by said electro-magnet, a type-wheel shaft and a star-wheel mounted
thereon and ineans, substantially as described, for arresting said shaft, of a circuit-
director and type-wheels mounted on said shaft, a local battery-circuit through said
director, electro-magnets with their coils in said circuit responding to prolonged
pulsations, their armatures, lever and mechanism connected therewith and operating
when the director is arrested and either of said electro-magnets is energized by
prolonged pulsations to shift said type-wheels, substantially as described.
14. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and main-line
circuit, electrical devices, substantially as described, a neutral escapement electro-
magnet automatically operated by direct currents, a wedge-pallet escapement
controlled by said electro-magnet, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel mounted thereon,
and
means, substantially as described, for arresting said shaft, of a circuit-director
and type-wheels mounted on said shaft, a local battery circuit through said director, a
ratchet electro-magnet with its coils in said circuit, its armature, lever, retracting-
spring, pawl and counter-pawl, a releasing electro-magnet; its armature-lever, retract-
ing-spring, releasing arms and pins, said electro-magnets responding to prolonged
pulsations, a paper carriage, its rack, counter-rack and dog operating..when. said

page_text: director is arrested and said electro-magnets are energized by currents in parallel
circuit, to release said paper-carriage at any point in its excursion.
15. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of two sunflowers, a type-
wheel shaft concentric therewith carrying brushes insulated therefrom and from each
other and contacting with the respective segments of said sunflowers and in the
circuits of separate conductors for the type-wheel and printing lines, character-keys
in electrical connection with the segments of said sunflower, the closed circuit keys
and the anvils of the open circuit keys in electrical connection with the type-wheel
line, contact-springs for said keys in electrical connection with the segments of the
other sunflower, anvils connected with said printing line and a neutral escapement
electro-magnet with its coils included in the type-wheel line, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
16. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and type-wheel
line, a sunflower and a type-wheel shaft concentric therewith, a brush insulated
therefrom in the circuit of said type wheel line and contacting with the sunflower
segments, open and closed character-keys with their contact-springs electrically
connected with said segments, the closed circuit-keys and anvils of the open circuit-
keys electrically connected with said line, a neutral escapement electro-magnet with
its coils included in said line and operating to actuate a star wheel, a type-wheel shaft
and said star-wheel mounted thercon and driven by the vibrations imparted to the
armature and wedge-pallet levers of said electro-magnet by its retracting spring and
by electrical impulses acting alternately therewith when said impulses are caused by
said brush contacting with alternate segments of said sunflower electrically connected
with said circuit-keys.
17. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a type-wheel line and
printing line, a sunflower with two annular series of segments, a type-wheel shaft
concentric therewith carrying two brushes insulated therefrom and from each other
in the circuit of the respective lines and contacting respectively with the series of
segments, open and closed-circuit character-keys with their contact-springs electrically
connected with the segments included in the type-wheel line, the closed circuit-keys
and the anvils of the open circuit-keys electrically connected with said line, contact-
springs insulated from the former springs and electrically connected with the segments
included in the printing line, anvils for said springs connected to said line, a type
wheel shaft, a star-wheel thereon, an escapement electro-magnet included in the type-
wheel line, and operating to drive said star-wheel by the vibrations imparted to the
armature and pallet-levers of said electro-magnet by its retracting spring and the
electrical impulses acting alternately therewith when said impulses are caused by
the brush in the type-wheel line contacting with alternate seguents of the series of
segments in said line electrically connected with closed circuit keys and operating to
arrest said type-wheel shaft when said brush contacts successively with two segments
connected to or disconnected from the line by the depression of any key, and said
printing line being simultaneously closed when the brush in said line makes contact
with a segment in the printing line connected to a spring of said key.
18. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with batteries and type-wheel
and printing circuits, of a type-wheel shaft, a circuit director thereon revolved by said
shaft, electro-magnets in the printing circuit of said director, the contact-springs of
said director being in a branch circuit of said printing line, an electro-magnet
included in said branch circuit, its armature, lever, pawl and ratchet-wheel, an
individualizing circuit-closer, a unison spiral, the electro-magnet in said branch
circuit operating when the type-wheel is arrested at a determinate point to revolve
said circuit-closer one notch and successively one notch for each revolution of the
type-wheel until the circuit-closers in a series of instruments are arrested in unison,
an electro-magnet with its coils in said branch circuit, its armature and lever, a lever
pivoted thereto, a unison latch released thereby when the type-wheel is arrested at a
position of the director where said electro-magnet in circuit is energized thereby,
circuit-contacts and insulations on the circuit closing-discs included in the printing
circuit and arranged one for each instrument in their order of succession in series

page_text: whereby when the circuit closers are simultaneously rotated the printing circuits
through the director of each instrument is successively closed and interrupted and
the branch circuit through the electro-magnet operating the circuit closer maintained.
19. In a printing telegraph system, an individualizing cut-out, a battery and a
main line type-wheel circuit, a circuit-director in a branch of the printing circuit and
controlled by the type-wheel shaft, an electro-magnet, and a circuit closer with its
contact springs included in said circuit, the circuit-closer being controlled by said
electro-magnet, means, substantially as described, to interrupt the printing circuit of
any instrument in said type-wheel circuit when the director is arrested at a determinate
position, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
20. The combination with an individualizing cut-out for a telegraphic printer, of a
battery and printing-line circuit, a circuit director included in said circuit, a battery
and type-wheel line circuit, an electro-magnet in said circuit, a type-wheel shaft, and
means for rotating and arresting said shaft, a circuit closer, and its contact-springs
included in said printing circuit, an electro-magnet energized by said printing line, an
unison-stop on the shaft of said circuit-closer, released by said electro-magnet, said
circuit closer controlled by an electro-magnet in a branch of said printing circuit,
means, substantially as described, to unison the respective circuit closers in instruments
connected in series in said type-wheel line, and to close the printing circuit, through
the director in instruments on which is a message is to be recorded and to interrupt
said printing circuit in all the other instruments in series, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
21. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a transmitter at a
subscriber station, keys and sunflower segments in a printing circuit of a battery and
in a type-wheel line circuit of a battery, an escapement electro-magnet included in
said circuit, one electrode of both batteries grounded at said station, annunciator
electro-magnets included in a battery circuit, one electrode of which is grounded at a
central station, and means, substantially as described, for connecting the printing-line
to the other electrode of said annunciator circuit operating when the line is broken at
the transmitter to demagnetize the annunciator electro-magnet and indicate the
number of the subscriber-instrument.
22. In a printing telegraph system, an instrument organized as a transmitter at a
subscriber station, a printing circuit, keys and sunflower segments in said printing-line
circuit, a type-wheel line circuit, and both circuits connected to ground at said station,
printing and type-wheels batteries at a central station with the electrodes thereof
normally connected to ground at said station, a shaft frictionally driven by suitable
power and regulated at said central station, a pulsator, a ratchet wheel and type-wheel
on said shaft in said type-wheel line, an electro-magnet in said printing line, its
armature, detent-lever and retracting-spring, controlling said ratchet-wheel, a printing
electro-magnet included in the printing-line operating a printing platen, a paper
feeding device and means, substantially as described, for connecting one electrode of
said batteries to the subscriber printing and type-wheel lines through said central
station pulsator, whereby the subscriber type-wheel is rotated, the central station
instrument arrested and the signal thereby recorded in response to the depression of
the keys of said transmitter, indicating by suitable characters at the central station
the subscriber to be connected through said central station instrument.
23. In a printing telegraph system, an instrument organized as a transmitter at a
subscriber station, a printing and a type-wheel circuit, character-keys and sunflower
segments in said printing line circuit, an escapement electro-magnet in said type-
wheel circuit and both circuits connected to ground at said transmitter station, and a
central station, printing and type-wheel batteries at said central station with the
electrodes thereof normally connected to ground, a type-wheel shaft frictionally driven
by suitable power and regulated at said central station, a pulsator on the type-wheel
shaft, a type-wheel and a ratchet wheel mounted on the saine shaft, an electro-magnet
in said printing line, its armature, detent-lever and retracting-spring controlling said
ratchet-wheel, a printing electro-magnet included in said printing-line operating a
platen, a paper-feeding device, instruments organized as receivers at subscriber
D

page_text: Stations with the printing and type-wheel lines connected to ground around the sun-
flower segments and key-board, means, for connecting the type-wheel and printing
lines of a subscriber receiver and the type-wheel and printing lines of a subscriber
transmitter with the batteries at said central station through said pulsator, printing
and detent electro-magnets, whereby the type-wheels of the transmitter and receiver
connected in line are rotated in response to pulsations by the said central-station
pulsator, and said detent at the central-station and the printing at the central and
subscriber stations, in circuit, are controlled by the character keys of the subscriber
instruments organized as a transmitter.
24. In a printing telegraph system, an instrument organized, substantially as
described, as a transmitter at a subscriber station, a printing circuit and a type-wheel
circuit, keys and sunflower segments in said printing circuit, an escapement electro-
magnet in said type-wheel circuit and both circuits connected to ground at said trans-
mitting and a central-station, printing and type-wheel batteries at said central-station
with the electrodes thereof normally connected to ground, a shaft driven by suitable
power at said central-station, a pulsator and a ratchet-wheel frictionally connected
with said shaft, an electro-magnet in said printing-line, its armature, detent-lever and
retracting spring controlling said ratchet-wheel and pulsator, instruments organized,
substantially as described, as receivers at subscriber stations with the printing and
type-wheel-lines grounded around the sunflower segments and key-board, means, for
connecting the type-wheel and printing lines of a subscriber receiver and the type-
wheel and printing lines of a subscriber transmitter with the batteries at said central
station, through said pulsator and defent electro-magnets, whereby the type-wheels of
the transmitter and receiver connected in line are rotated in response to pulsations by
the said central-station pulsator and the said detent at said central station and the
printing at the subscribers station in circuit are controlled by the character-keys of
the subscriber instrument organized as a transmitter.
25. In a printing telegraph system, an instrument organized as a transmitter at a
subscriber station, a printing-line circuit and a type-wheel line circuit, keys and sun-
Hower segments in said printing line circuit, an escapement electro-magnet in said
type-wheel line circuit and both circuits connected to ground at the transmitting and
central stations, printing and type-wheel line batteries at said central station with the
electrodes thereof normally connected to ground, a shaft driven by suitable force at
said central station, a pulsator, a ratchet-wheel and a type-wheel frictionally connected
with said shaft, an electro-magnet in said printing-line circuit, its armature, detent-
lever and retracting-spring controlling said ratchet-wheel and pulsator, instruments
organized, substantially as described, as receivers, at subscriber stations, with the
printing and type-wheel lines grounded around the sunflower segments and key-board,
means for connecting the type wheel and printing lines of a subscriber receiver and
the type-wheel and printing lines of a subscriber transmitter with the batteries at said
central station through said pulsator and printing and detent electro-magnets at the
central station, whereby the type-wheels of the transmitter and receiver connected in
line are rotated in response to pulsations by the said central station pulsator and said
detent electro magnet at the central station and said printing electro-magnets at the
subscriber station in circuit, are controlled by the character-keys of the subscriber
instrument organized as a transmitter.
26. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with an instrument organized
as a transmitter at a subscriber station, a printing-line circuit and a type-wheel line
circuit, character-keys and a sunflower-device in said printing-line circuit and both
circuits grounded at said transmitting station and at a central station, printing and
type-wheel line batteries at said central station, with the electrodes thereof normally
connected to ground, a shaft frictionally driven by suitable power at said central
station, a pulsator and a ratchet-wheel connected with said shaft, an electro-magnet in
said printing-line circuit, its armature, detent-lever and retracting-spring controlling
said ratchet-wheel and pulsator, of instruments organized, substantially as described,
as receivers at subscriber stations, with the printing-line and type-wheel line circuits
grounded around the sunflower segments and key-board, means for connecting the

page_text: type-wheel and printing line circuits of a subscriber transmitter with the batteries at
said central station through said pulsator and detent electro-magnets at said station,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
27. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a main-line
conductor, alternate segments of a sunflower-device connected in circuit therewith, a
type-wheel shaft and a contact-brush insulated therefrom, character-keys and contacts
therefor, means, for rotating said shaft, a circuit-director thereon with contacts
corresponding to the divisions on the type-wheels, electro-magnets and their actuated-
devices, a battery and a printing circuit, means, substantially as described, for
connecting said director and character-keys in the printing circuit with the respective
electro-magnets, whereby the operation of feeding the paper between lines, spacing
between letters, releasing the paper carriage and shifting the type-wheel is effected,
substantially as described.
28. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a shaft, a force for driving
said shaft, a ratchet-wheel and a pulsator mounted on said shaft, an electro-magnet in
a main-line battery circuit controlling said ratchet-wheel at a central station, character-
keys, their contact-springs and contacts in said main-line circuit at a terminal station
controlling the circuit through said ratchet electro-magnet, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
29. The combination in a printing telegraph, of an electro-motor Q, electro-
magnets Q, a worm
and a worm-wheel, frictionally mounted thereon, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
17, carried on the shaft of said motor, a detent and pulsator shaft,
30. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and main line
printing circuit, a printing electro-magnet Y, at a central station in a branch of said
circuit and mechanism, substantially such as described, actuated thereby, of a shaft q
a raichet-wheel v³, frictionally mounted on said shaft, a detent electro-magnet in said
printing circuit, and devices actuated by said electro-magnet and operating to arrest
said ratchet-wheel and close said branch printing circuit through said printing electro-
magnet, substantially as described.
31. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a shaft, a pulsator
mounted thereon, springs in contact with the disc and hub of said pulsator in the
circuit of a type-wheel line battery circuit and a ratchet-wheel on the same shaft, of a
printing electro-magnet its armature, lever, printing-platen and retracting spring, said
electro-magnet being in a branch of a main-line printing circuit, a feeding-device, a
detent electro-magnet in the printing-line circuit, its actuated devices, a contact-point,
a type-wheel-mounted on said shaft, and transmitting-keys with their springs and
contacts included in the circuit of said main-line printing circuit, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
32. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a signal electro-magnet in
a local battery-circuit, its armature, lever, retracting-spring and an annunciater drop,
metallic blocks and springs, plugs fitting into said blocks and printing and type-wheel
battery circuits connected to said plugs, of a printing electro-magnet in a branch of
said printing circuit, its actuated devices, a shaft and a ratchet-wheel, a type-wheel
and a pulsator mounted on said shaft and a detent electro-magnet in the type-wheel
tine and its actuating devices, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
33. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a circuit directing device S,
in a local circuit, of a shaft and a circuit closing-device mounted on said shaft, springs
in said circuit bearing on the discs and hubs of said device, an unison spiral secured
to the same shaft and its latch, an electro-magnet for releasing said latch, a ratchet-
wheel, an electro-magnet P, in said local circuit and its armature lever, retracting-spring
and pawl, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
34. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with the electro-magnets G and G¹,
with their armature and lever, a right angular depending bar secured to said armature
ever and a bell-crank lever pivotally connected with said bar, of a shaft and a uson
piral mounted upon said shaft and a latch-bar journalled to a horizontal rock-iaft,
ubstantially as and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: 35. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a transversely travelling paper
carriage having side bars attached to cross-bars, said side-bars carrying feed-rollers,
pressure-rollers and a paper roller, a channelled guide bar attached to the base plate of
the instrument, guide rollers journalled in brackets secured to the cross-bars of said
paper carriage, a rack and counter-rack, rails secured to the instrument and grooved-
wheels travelling over said rails, a weight for soliciting said carriage, a buffer secured
to said carriage and a spring attached to a fixed standard for determining its retrograde
movement, substantially as set forth.
36 In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a printing-line,
a unison electro-magnet included therein and its actuated devices, of a type-wheel
shaft and a loose unison arm mounted on the same shaft, a coiled spring the extremities
of which are attached to said loose arm and to a hub rigidly secured to said shaft, a
loose disc having double stop-pins, a spiral-spring attached at one end to said disc and
at the opposite end to a hub on said shaft and a fixed disc mounted on the same shaft
having a stop-pin in the face thereof, substantially as described.
37. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a unison electro-magnet,
its armature, lever and a stop formed integral with said lever, of a type-wheel shaft, a
unison-arm loosely mounted thereon, a helical spring coiled around said shaft, and
the respective extremities thereof attached to said arm and shaft, and a disc
mounted on said shaft having a stop-pin, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
38. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, circuit and a
ratchet electro-magnet included in said circuit, of a shaft and ratchet-wheels mounted
thereon and actuated by said electro-magnet and a printing hammer operated by said
ratchet wheel, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
39. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of an ink-roller frame loosely
pivoted between fixed collars, a shifting rod on which said collars are mounted, an
ink-roller journalled to said frame, an adjustable spring to regulate the pressure of
said ink roller against type-wheels and an adjusting-screw against which a plate
impinges when said ink-roller passes over blank spaces on the type-wheels, substantially
as described.
40. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with the shifting rod g¹¹, and
the arm, secured thereto having two concave recesses in its upper surface, of a
spring d, attached to a plate and carrying pivoted to its extremity, a roller which
engages in one of the recesses of said arm, when the type-wheels are shifted into either
position, substantially as described.
41. The combination in a printing telegraph, of curved-guards consisting of the
vertical bars d, and horizontal flanged plates (128, secured to a plate a", the
stud-pins sleeves 26, and nuts d29, said vertical bars arranged so as to support
said horizontal flanged plates in such position as to permit the paper to lie close to but
out of contact with the type-wheels, substantially as described.
42. In a
printing telegraph system, the printing spring d, adjustably attached to
an arm 23 located between the type-wheels D' and D², in combination with the
shifting-rod g, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
43. In a printing telegraph system, the face-plate a¹, in combination with the
curved-guards d27 and 28 stud-pins as, sleeves d, and nuts (2º, substantially as and
or the purposes set forth.
•
44. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a type-wheel shaft, two
type-wheels loosely mounted on a sleeve secured to said shaft, two shifting electro
magnets with their actuated-devices and means, substantially such as described, for
holding the ink-roller and shifting it with said type-wheels, of the ink-roller, an arn
attached to said shifting-mechanism located between said type-wheels and carrying a
spring, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
0
45. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a metallic side plate A*,
a removable metallic cap provided with a flange around the periphery thereof, a centra
bearing, a shaft held in position in said cap, and an annular ring having integra
therewith a recessed rim forming a seat for a sunflower-device, whereby said devic

page_text: may be readily removed from the Trame-plate without disturbing the conductors leading
from said sunflower-device, substantially as described.
46. In a printing telegraph system, a circuit-directing-device consisting of an annular
ring of insulating material with a series of metallic contacts therein, said metallic con-
tacts being connected by conductors with the respective electro-magnets of the
instrument, in combination with the type-wheel shaft, a hub and disc secured thereto
but insulated therefrom, an arm rigidly secured to said disc carrying a brush which
traverses the segments of said circuit-directing device, à contact-spring and an insulated
block to which said spring is attached and bearing on said hub, all arranged as shown
and described.
47. A printing telegraph instrument consisting of an independent frame composed
of two metallic side plates held to each other by means of horizontal posts, said plates
being supported on a base, glass sides and top, two removable corner strips for holding
said glass sides and top in position, a cylindrical tube supported by one of said metallic
plates, a face-plate suitably secured to said tube, a bracket attached to said face-plate
for supporting in position a shaft, a removable annular ring recessed to receive a
sunflower device and a removable cap attached to the other metallic plate forming a
bearing for the opposite extremity of said shaft, all arranged substantially as described,
for permitting of the removal of said independent frame from the base without
disturbing the electrical and mechanical devices.
48. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a printing-
line circuit, of a paper carriage, a ratchet electro-magnet included in said circuit, its
armature, lever and retracting-spring, a pawl pivoted to said lever, a stud secured to
the table of said instrument, a dog mounted upon said stud, a rack secured to said
carriage, a hook-pawl hinged to the lever of said electro-magnet, two ratchet-wheels
secured to a shaft, one ratchet-wheel moved step by step by the hook-pawl causing the
other ratchet-wheel to actuate a bell-crank lever mounted on a trunnion and a printing
hammer operated by said bell crank-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
49. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a printing
circuit, of a paper carriage and mechanism, substantially as described, for actuating
said carriage, a releasing electro-magnet in said circuit, and its armature and lever, a
shaft journalled in a sleeve secured to the instrument, a T-lever attached to said shaft
and pins in the upper portion of said lever, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
50. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a printing
circuit, of a transversely travelling paper carriage, a releasing electro-magnet in said
printing circuit, and its actuated-devices, a ratchet electro-magnet in a parallel circuit,
devices actuated by said electro-magnet, a type-wheel shaft and means, substantially
as described, for rotating the same, and a circuit-director mounted on the same shaft,
whereby when said circuit is closed through the coils of said electro-magnets the paper
carriage is released at any point. in its excursion, substantially as described.
51. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a printing
circuit, of a transversely travelling paper carriage, a director in said circuit, a ratchet
electro-magnet in the same circuit, its actuated-devices, and a releasing electro-magnet
in a parallel circuit therewith through said director and its actuating-mechanism,
whereby when said electro-inagnets are energized actuating said devices the paper
carriage is released at any point in its excursion, substantially as set forth.
52. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a battery and printing line
circuit, a central station, terminal stations, a paper-carriage with its actuating-devices
at each terminal station instrument, a detent electro-magnet with its actuating-devices
at a central station, a circuit interruptor in a receiver at a terminal station, said
electro-magnet and interruptor being in the circuit of said battery, a detent at said
central station released by said electro-magnet when the printing circuit is interrupted
by the retrograde movement of the paper carriage of a receiver, substantially as
described.
53. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a type-wheel

page_text: line, circuit-keys with open and closed circuit-springs in the circuit of said
battery, a sunflower device, a brush traversing the segments of said sunflower-
device, a neutral escapement electro-magnet in said type-wheel line circuit, its
armature, lever and wedge-pallets, a shaft, a star-wheel and type-wheels mounted on
said shaft, of a circuit interruptor, a battery and a printing circuit, a central station
detent thereat, and an electro-magnet in said circuit, a paper carriage and its actuating
mechanism, substantially as described, operating to break the said circuit and release
the detent at said central station when the paper carriage has reached the end of its
retrograde movement, substantially as set forth.
54. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a type-wheel
circuit, and keys with contact-springs in the circuit of said battery, of a type-wheel
shaft, a sunflower, an insulated traversing brush mounted on said shaft, means, for
rotating said shaft, a neutral electro-magnet in said type-wheel line, its armature,
lever and wedge-pallets, a scape-wheel on said shaft controlled by said pallets, a circuit-
interrupting bell-crank-lever and a spring secured to the instrument, a paper carriage
and means for operating said carriage, a pawl for actuating said bell-crank lever and
thereby breaking the type-wheel line circuit by the retrograde movement of said
carriage, substantially as described.
55. The combination in a paper carriage, of side-bars attached to cross-bars, a rack
and a counter-rack, feed and pressure rollers, a paper roller, grooved wheels for the
lower track, friction rollers playing between guides for the upper track, rails secured
to the rear of the instrument for said grooved wheels to travel over and guards secured
to the instrument to limit the vertical and lateral play of the friction rollers, a weight
for soliciting said carriage, a buffer secured to said carriage and an elastic stop
secured to the instrument for determining the retrograde movement of said carrriage,
substantially as described.
56. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a battery, a main-line
circuit, a type-wheel electro-magnet included therein, a unison electro-magnet in a
branch of said circuit means, for transmitting short and long impulses of said line
battery circuit, a neutral escapement electro-magnet, means for diverting the current
in said circuit and interrupting the impulses through the coils of said escapement
electro-magnet during the prolongation of impulses in said line circuit and directing
the circuit so that impulses of normal duration will energize the coils of said type-
wheel electro-magnet while prolonged impulses of twice the duration energize the
unison electro-magnet, and means, substantially such as described, for reinforcing the
diverted current through said type-wheel electro-magnet, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
57. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a main-line
circuit, of neutral escapement electro-magnets and unison electro magnets of a
transmitter and a receiver in separate line circuits of the same batteries, the type-wheel
electro-magnets, but not the unison electro-magnets being responsive to short impulses
to effect regular continuous rotation of the type-wheels and the unison electro-magnets
being responsive only to prolonged pulsations for releasing the unison-arm, said
unison-arm, and means for transmitting short and long impulses of the line battery,
means, substantially as described, for diverting the current in said line circuit and
interrupting the impulses through the coils of said neutral escapement electro-magnets
during the prolongation of impulses in said line-circuit and directing the circuits so that
that impulses of normal duration will energize the coils of said type-wheel electro-magnets
while prolonged impulses of twice the duration energize the unison electro-magnets.
58. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and circuit, a
ratchet electro-magnet included in said circuit, and its actuated-devices, of a shaft, a
ratchet wheel mounted thereon and actuated by said electro-magnet, a printing
hammer operated by said ratchet-wheel, a paper carriage and its actuating mechanism,
substantially as described, a type-wheel shaft and one or more type-wheels mounted
on and rotated by said shaft and all arranged, substantially as described, whereby when
the printing hammer strikes a blow it instantly falls back clear of the paper.
59. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a printing and ratchet

page_text: electro-magnet, in a local battery circuit, devices actuated by said electro-magnet,
and a printing-hammer operated thereby, of a paper carriage and its operative
mechanism, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel mounted thereon, an escapement electro-
magnet in a main-line battery circuit, wedge-pallets operated thereby, two type-wheels
mounted on said shaft, and means, substantially such as described, for shifting said
type-wheels, for the purposes set forth.
60. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a main-line
circuit, a sunflower and circuit keys, an insulated brush, a type-wheel shaft and
means for rotating and arresting said shaft, type-wheels mounted on a loose sleeve on
said shaft, circuit-directing devices and a star-wheel mounted on the same shaft, of
ratchet and releasing electro-magnets in the same circuit, and their actuated devices,
a paper carriage and means, substantially such as described, for advancing and
releasing said carriage, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
61. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a main-line battery-circuit,
a sunflower and character-keys in the circuit of said battery, an insulated brush
traversing the segments of said sunflower, a shaft, type-wheels mounted thereon,
means, for rotating and arresting said shaft, a circuit director mounted on the same
shaft, a printing-line battery circuit, a ratchet electro-magnet included therein, a
printing-hammer and a paper carriage and means, substantially as described, for
operating the same, and feeding and releasing electro-magnets, with their devices -
actuated thereby, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
62. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a type-wheel line battery
circuit, a sunflower and circuit-keys included in said line circuit, a brush traversing
the segments of said sunflower, a type-wheel shaft, means for rotating said shaft, a
circuit director mounted on said shaft and type-wheels rotated thereby, of a battery
and a printing circuit, a ratchet and printing electro-magnet included in said circuit, a
printing-hammer, operated by a direct blow through the actuated-devices of said
electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
63. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a type-wheel
line circuit, keys with open and closed contact springs in the circuit of said battery, a
sunflower, substantially as described, with three successive segments connected to
closed circuit springs and an insulated-brush, of a neutral escapement electro-magnet
and wedge-pallets operated thereby, a shaft. and a star-wheel mounted thereon, a circuit
director and corrector mounted on the same shaft, and a unison electro-magnet with
its actuated devices, the said unison electro-magnet being included in a branch of said
line circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
64. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a line-battery, a circuit,
keys with open and closed contact-springs in the circuit of said battery, a sunflower
device, substantially such as described, with three successive segments connected to
closed circuit springs, an insulated contact brush, a neutral escapement electro-magnet,
wedge-pallets actuated thereby, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel mounted thereon, a
relay electro-magnet included in said line battery circuit, a circuit corrector mounted
on the same shaft, and a unison electro-magnet with its actuated-devices, the said
electro-magnet and the escapement electro-magnet being included in a branch of said
line-circuit, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
65. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a main-line
circuit, keys with open and closed contact springs in the circuit of said battery, a
sunflower, substantially as described, an insulated brush on a shaft, said brush connected
with said main-line and traversing said insulated contacts causing a prolonged closed
circuit in the line once in each revolution of the type-wheel, a neutral-escapement
electro-magnet in said circuit, its armature, lever and pallets, a scape-wheel mounted
on said shaft and a relay electro-magnet for closing said circuit through a corrector, of
a circuit correcting-device, a unison electro-magnet in a branch of the main-line
circuit, and its actuated-devices, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
66. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a circuit correcting-device,
a type-wheel shaft, whereon said device is mounted, means for rotating said shaft, a
line battery circuit, a relay included in said circuit connected therewith in such

page_text: manner as to close said circuit through said correcting device, circuit-keys, and a
sunflower-device, arranged substantially as described, with three successive closed circuit
segments therein, and a unison electro-magnet in a branch of said line circuit and the
devices actuated by said electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
67. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a main-line battery
circuit, keys with open and closed contact springs in the circuit of said battery, a
sunflower with three successive contacts connected to closed circuit-springs, and an
insulated brush carried on a shaft connected with said main-line and traversing said
insulated contacts causing a prolonged closed circuit in the line once in each
revolution of the type-wheels of the instrument, of a neutral escapement electro-
magnet in a branch of said circuit, its actuated devices, a unison electro-magnet with
its armature, lever, and stop, and a circuit-corrector, the said unison electro-magnet
being included in a branch of said main-line circuit, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
68. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a circuit-directing device,
a type-wheel shaft, and means for imparting rotary motion to said shaft, a main-line
circuit, a local battery circuit, transmitting-keys and a circuit interrupting-device, of
a printing and ratchet electro-magnet, its actuated-devices, a paper carriage carrying
an angular shaft, and a shaft with feed-rollers thereon, a flanged pinion moving on
said angular-shaft and engaging in a spur-wheel between said feed-rollers, a rack,
counter-rack pawls, counter-pawls, and feeding and releasing electro-magnets in said
local battery circuit and their actuated-mechanism, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
69. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a local battery circuit
and feeding and releasing electro-magnets included in said circuit, of a paper carriage
arranged substantially as shown and described, a rack, pawl and dog, a ratchet electro-
magnet in said battery circuit, devices actuated by said electro-magnet a shaft, a
ratchet-wheel mounted thereon, a printing hammer operated by said ratchet-wheel, a
type-wheel shaft, means, substantially such as described, for revolving and arresting
said shaft, type-wheels mounted on and rotated with said shaft and a circuit director
secured to the same shaft, substantially as shown and described and for the purposes
set forth.
70. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a local
circuit and feeding and releasing electro-magnets included therein, of a paper-carriage
carrying an angular shaft and a secondary-shaft with feed rollers thereon, a flanged
pinion moving on said angular-shaft and engaging in a spur-wheel between said
feed-rollers and an automatic device, substantially such as described, operating to give
a signal, thereby indicating to an operator when the paper-carriage has terminated its
retrograde movement, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
71. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a main-line
circuit, an escapement electro-magnet, wedge-pallets actuated thereby and electrical-
devices for sending pulsations through said circuit, of a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel
mounted thereon, type-wheels suitably attached to said shaft, a main-line printing
circuit, electrical-devices in said circuit, two independent electro-magnets in separate
circuits through said electrical-devices, a ratchet electro-magnet, in said printing
circuit, a printing hammer, and a paper carriage, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
one or
72. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a type-wheel shaft and
more type-wheels suitably mounted thereon, means, for rotating the same, a
circuit-director on said shaft, springs bearing on said director carrying insulations
and contacts, a main-line printing circuit, a feeding electro-magnet, devices actuated
thereby, a printing-hammer, a paper carriage, and a ratchet electro-magnet, in said
printing-circuit closed through said director, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
73. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a neutral escapement
electro-magnet and wedge-pallets operated thereby, a battery, a main-line circuit and
an electrical-device, for sending pulsations through said circuit, of a type-wheel shaft,

page_text: a star-scape-wheel mounted thereon, double type-wheels secured to a sleeve loosely
mounted on the same shaft, a local battery circuit, two independent electro-magnets
and their actuated-devices for shifting said type-wheels, a printing electro-magnet
in said local circuit, and a device attached to said type-wheel shaft for directing
the circuits through said electro-magnets, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
74. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a line-battery circuit, keys
with open and closed contact springs in the circuit of said battery, a sunflower with
contacts electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said
contact-springs, a type-wheel shaft, and means, for rotating said shaft, a circuit-
director, a paper-carriage carrying an angular-shaft, a shaft with feed-rollers mounted
thereon, a flanged-pinion moving on said angular-shaft, and engaging in a spur-wheel
on said shaft carrying feed-rollers, a rack, ratchet and releasing electro-magnets and
devices actuated thereby, said electro-magnet operating to release the paper carriage
at any point in its excursion, substantially as described.
75. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with à line battery and circuit,
keys with open and closed contact-springs in the circuit of said battery, a sunflower
with contacts electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said
contacts springs, a type-wheel shaft and means for rotating the same, two type-wheels
secured to a loose sleeve thereon, two independent electro-magnets with their actuated
devices, a circuit closing-device, a local battery circuit and ratchetand-feeding
electro-magnets with their actuated mechanism, said electro-magnets being in said
local circuit, of a paper carriage carrying a shaft with feed-rollers thereon, a ratchet-
wheel between said feed-rollers, a ratchet-lever mounted thereon, its pawl and spring,
a feeding-rod secured to arms projecting from a rock-shaft pivoted on a fixed support,
and actuated by said feeding electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
76. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a battery, a main-line circuit,
character-keys, a sunflower in said circuit, a type-wheel shaft a star-wheel inounted
thereon, an escapement electro-magnet and wedge-pallets operated thereby for driving
said star-wheel, two type-wheels mounted on said shaft, a local battery-circuit; a
circuit-director mounted on the same shaft, and circuit-springs bearing on said
director for closing the circuit of said battery, two electro-magnets in separate
circuits through said director, means, substantially such as described, for shifting
said type-wheels, a ratchet electro-magnet with its actuated-devices, a printing-
hammer, a feeding electro-magnet included in said circuit, and a paper-carriage with
its operative mechanism, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
.:
77. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a line battery circuit, koys
'with open and closed contact-springs in the circuit of said batterý a sunflower with
contacts electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said
contact-springs, a type-wheel-shaft, a star-wheel mounted, thereon, an escapement
electro-magnet and wedge-pallets operated thereby, an electrical-device on said type-
wheel shaft and contact-springs bearing on said device for closing the circuits
of said battery, a paper-carriage, a local battery and circuit, a ratchet electro-
magnet with its actuated-mechanism, a feeding electro-magnet included in said
local circuit, and its actuated-devices, substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
78. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a line battery circuit, keys
with open and closed contact-springs in the circuit of said battery, a sunflower with
contacts electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said
contact-springs, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel mounted thereon, wedge-pallets, and
an escapement electro magnet for actuating said pallets and thereby driving said star-
wheel, type-wheels rotated by said shaft, a local battery circuit, a circuit-director
attached to said type-wheel shaft, contact-springs bearing on said director carrying
insulations and contacts for closing the circuit of said battery, two independent
electro-magnets in separate circuits through said director, said electro-magnets with
"their actuated-devices operating to shift said type-wheels, a ratchet electro-magnet
L'

page_text: *
with its actuated-devices and a printing-hammer actuated thereby, the ratchet electro
magnet energized by impulses in the circuit of said local-battery, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
79. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a main-line
circuit, keys with contact-springs in the circuit of said battery, a sunflower with
contacts electrically connected alternately with said contact-springs, and a brush
traversing said contacts, of a shaft, a star-wheel mounted thereon, and means for
rotating the same, two type-wheels secured to a sleeve mounted on said shaft, a local
battery and circuit, a circuit-director on said shaft, contact-springs bearing on said
director having insulations and contacts to close the circuit of said battery, two
electro-magnets in separate circuits connected with two of the contacts of said
director, said electro-magnets with their hinged lever, armature, shaft, lever-arms, and
devices operating to shift said type-wheels, a ratchet electro magnet with its armature,
lever, retracting-spring, ratchets and a printing hammer; said electro-magnets
energized by impulses in the circuit of said local battery, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
80. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a main-line circuit and
battery, keys with contact-springs in the circuit of said battery, a sunflower with
contacts electrically connected alternately with said contact-springs, and brushes
traversing said contacts, of a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel on said shaft, two type-
wheels secured to a sleeve mounted thereon, a local-battery and circuit, an electrical-
device on said shaft, circuit-springs bearing on said device having insulations and
.contacts operating automatically to close the circuit of said battery, two independent
electro-magnets in separate circuits connected with two of the contacts of said
electrical-device, said electro-magnets provided with an armature, hinged-lever, and
mechanism, as described, operating to shift said type-wheels, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
81. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a type-
wheel line circuit, keys with open and closed contact-springs in the circuit of said
battery and a sunflower with contacts electrically connected alternately in open and
closed circuits with said contact-springs, of a type-wheel shaft, a scape-wheel mounted
on said shaft, an electro-magnet its armature, lever, retracting-spring, pallets for
actuating said scape-wheel, two type-wheels secured to a loose sleeve on said shaft, a
local battery and circuit, a circuit-director secured to said shaft, springs bearing on
. said director carrying insulations and contacts for closing the circuits of said battery
and two electro-magnets in separate circuits through said director, substantially as
and for the purposes set forth.
82. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and circuit,
keys with open and closed contact springs in the circuit of said battery, a sunflower
with contacts electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said
contact-springs, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel, pallets and electro-magnetic-devices
for actuating said shaft, of type-wheels secured to a sleeve on said shaft, a local
battery and circuit, a circuit-director secured to said shaft, springs bearing on said
. director carrying insulations and contacts for closing the circuit of said battery, two
: independent electro-magnets in separate circuits through said director, said electro-
magnets with their hinged-lever, armature, shaft, lever-arms and devices operating to
shift said type-wheels, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
83. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a battery, and a type-wheel
line circuit, of a neutral escapement electro-magnet in said circuit,.electrical-devices
for closing the circuit through the coils of said neutral-escapement electro-magnet,
its armature lever and wedge-pallets, a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel mounted thereon,
a circuit correcting device, an unison-arm thereon, an unison electro-magnet with its
actuated-means, said unison electro-magnet included in parallel circuit with the neutral
electro-magnet through said corrector once in each revolution thereof, and responding
to pulsations of twice the duration of those employed to actuate the neutral-escapement
electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
84. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with type-wheel and printing

page_text: line circuits and batteries, transmitting-keys and a double sunflower-device, of a neutral
escapement electro-magnet included in the type-wheel line circuit, its armature, lever,
retracting-spring and pallets, a type-wheel shaft, a scape-wheel, type-wheels rotated
therewith, a circuit-director and a corrector, an unison-arm mounted on the same
shaft, an unison electro-magnet with its actuated-devices, said unison electro-magnet
being included in parallel circuit with the neutral escapement electro-magnet through
said corrector once in each revolution thereof and responding to pulsations of twice
the duration of those employed to actuate the said neutral escapement electro-magnet,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
open
85. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with type-wheel and printing-
line circuits and batteries, transmitting-keys and a double sunflower device, one series
of segmental contacts electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits
circuit.
with said type-wheel line circuit while the other series is connected to
springs and contacts in the printing-circuit and brushes sweeping over said contacts,
of a type-wheel shaft, a star-wheel mounted on said shaft, a neutral escapement
electro-magnet, its armature, lever, retracting-spring and pallets, circuit-directing and
correcting-devices mounted on the same shaft, a unison-arm thereon, a unison electro-
magnet with its actuated-devices, said unison electro-magnet included in parallel-
circuit with said neutral escapement electro-magnet through said corrector once in
each revolution thereof, and responding to pulsations of twice the duration of those
employed to actuate said neutral electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
86. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with type-wheel and printing
line circuits and batteries, transmitting-keys and a double sunflower device, one. series
of segmental contacts thereof electrically connected alternately in open and closed
circuits with said type-wheel line circuit, while the other series is connected to open-
circuit springs and contacts in the printing-line circuit, brushes sweeping over the
contacts of said sunflower device, a type-wheel shaft, a scape-wheel thereon, two
type-wheel shaft, a scape-wheel thereon, two type-wheels mounted on a sleeve on
said shaft, a neutral electro-magnet with its armature, lever, spring and pallets, a
circuit-director and corrector mounted on the same shaft with the unison-arm,
contact-springs bearing on said director and corrector provided with insulations and
contacts for closing the circuits, an unison electro-magnet with its armature, lever
and spring, said unison electro-magnet being in parallel circuit with said neutral
electro-magnet through said corrector once in each revolution thereof, two independent
electro-magnets in separate circuits connected with two of the contacts of said
director, their armature, hinged-lever, and the devices operated by said electro-
magnets for shifting the type-wheels, a printing-hammer and a ratchet electro-
magnet in said printing circuit and its actuated-mechanism, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
.
87. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with type-wheel and printing
line circuits and batteries, character-keys, a double sunflower-device, substantially
such as described, brushes sweeping over the contacts of said sunflower-device, a
type-wheel shaft, a star-scape-wheel and two type-wheels mounted on said shaft, an
escapement electro-magnet with its armature, lever, spring and pallets, a circuit-
director and corrector on said shaft, contact-springs bearing on said director and
corrector having insulations and contacts for closing the circuit of said batteries, an
unison arm on the same shaft, a unison electro-magnet with its armature, lever and
retracting-spring, said electro-magnet being in parallel circuit with said escapement
electro-magnet, through said corrector once in each revolution thereof, and responding
to pulsations of twice the duration of those employed to actuate said escapement
electro-magnet, a printing-hammer, a paper-carriage, and means, substantially as
described, for advancing and releasing the same as and for the purposes set forth.
88. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with type-wheel and printing-
line circuits and batteries, transmitting-keys, a double sunflower device, substantially
as described, brushes sweeping over the contacts of said device, a type-wheel shaft, a
star-wheel and two type-wheels mounted thereon, an escapement electro-magnet with

page_text: :
its actuated-devices, a circuit-director and corrector on said shaft, springs bearing on
said devices provided with insulations and contacts for closing the circuit of said
batteries, a unison-arm on said type-wheel shaft, an unison electro-magnet with its
armature, lever and retracting-spring, said electro-magnet being in parallel circuit
with said escapement electro-magnet through said corrector once in each revolution
thereof and responding to pulsations of twice the duration of those employed to
actuate said escapement electro-magnet, a printing-hammer, ratchet electro-magnet in
the printing circuit, its armature, lever, retracting spring, devices actuated by said
electro-magnet for operating said printing-hammer, feeding and releasing electro-
magnets in the circuit of said printing battery, and a transversely travelling paper-
carriage, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
89. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of type-wheel and printing
batteries and circuits, transmitting-keys with their springs and contacts in the
circuits of said batteries, a double sunflower, one series of segmental contacts thereof
electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said type-wheel
line and the other series of said segmental contacts connected to open circuit-springs
and contacts in the printing circuit, brushes sweeping over said segmental contacts, a
type wheel shaft, means for rotating the same, two type-wheels secured to a sleeve
mounted on said shaft, a circuit director on the same shaft, springs bearing on said
director provided with insulations and contacts for closing the circuits of said battery,
and two electro-magnets in separate circuits connected with two of the contacts of
said director, their armature, hinged-lever and devices actuated thereby for shifting
said type-wheels, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
90. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with type-wheel and printing
line circuits and batteries, transmitting-keys with their springs and contacts in the
circuits of said batteries, a double sunflower, one series of segmental contacts thereof
electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said type-wheel
line circuit, while the other series of segmental contacts is connected to open circuit-
springs and contacts in the printing-line circuit, brushes sweeping over said contacts,
a type-wheel shaft, means, for rotating the same, two type-wheels secured to a sleeve
mounted on said shaft, a circuit-director on the same shaft, springs bearing on said
director having insulations and contacts for closing the circuits of said printing-
battery, two electro-magnets in separate circuits connected with two of the discs of
said director, their armature, lever, spring and devices actuated by said electro-
magnets for shifting said type-wheels, à ratchet electro-magnet in the circuit of said
printing-battery, its armature lever, spring and mechanism actuated by said electro-
magnet and a printing-hammer actuated thereby, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
91. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with main-line type-wheel
and printing circuits and batteries, transmitting-keys with their springs and contacts
in the circuits of said batteries, a double sunflower, with segmental contacts, one
series being electrically connected alternately in open and closed circuits with said
type-wheel line while the other series of said segmental contacts is connected to
open circuit-springs and contacts in the printing circuit, brushes traversing over said
contacts, a type-wheel shaft and means, substantially as described for revolving the
same, two type-wheels suitably mounted on said shaft, a circuit director on the same
shaft, springs bearing on said director, provided with insulations and contacts for
. closing the circuits of said printing battery and two electro magnets in separate
circuits connected with two of the discs of said director, their armature hinged-lever
and mechanism actuated by said electro-magnets for shifting said type-wheels, of a
ratchet electro-magnet in the said printing battery circuit, its actuated-devices, a
printing-hammer, a paper carriage, and feeding and releasing electro-magnets with
their actuated-devices, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
.
92. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with type-wheel and printing-
line circuits and batteries, character-keys with their springs and contacts in the
circuits of said batteries, a double sunflower device with contacts, one series of which
is connected with the type-wheel line circuit and the other series with the printing-

page_text: line circuit, brushes traversing said sunflower contacts, a type-wheel shaft, type-
wheels mounted on said shaft, a circuit-director on the same shaft, springs bearing on
said director having insulations and contacts for closing the circuits of said printing
battery, a printing and ratchet electro-magnet in the circuit of said battery, its
actuated-devices, a printing-hammer, a releasing electro-magnet in parallel circuit
with said printing and ratchet electro-magnet, its actuated-mechanism, a transversely
travelling paper carriage, and an automatic signalling device to indicate when said
carriage has completed its retrograde movement, substantially as described.
93. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a main-line
circuit for setting the type-wheels, transmitting-keys their contacts and sunflower
devices for connecting the battery with said line and the segments of said device, of
a neutral-escapement electro-magnet responding to alternate makes and breaks of
circuit and included in said type-wheel line, its armature, lever, spring and wedge-
pallets, said electro-magnets actuating said wedge-pallets driving a star-wheel
mounted on a shaft rotated in response to pulsations automatically produced by a
brush on the said shaft, said brush contacting with open and closed circuit segments of
said sunflower and by which said shaft is arrested when the alternate succession of
impulses is interrupted by the depression of a key, a circuit corrector on the said
shaft and a unison electro-magnet included in parallel circuit with the neutral
escapement electro-magnet through said corrector once in each revolution thereof and
responding to pulsations of twice the duration of those employed to actuate said
neutral escapement electro-magnet, substantially as set forth.
94. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a main-line
circuit for setting the type-wheels, transmitting-keys, their contacts and a sunflower
device and means, substantially as described, for connecting said battery with said
line and segments of the sunflower-device, of a neutral escapement electro-magnet
responding to alternate makes and breaks of circuit and included in said type-wheel
line, its armature, lever, retracting spring and wedge-pallets, said electro-magnet
actuating said wedge-pallets driving a star-wheel mounted on a shaft rotated in
response to pulsations automatically produced by a traversing brush mounted on the
same shaft, said brush contacting with open and closed circuit segments of said
sunflower device by which said shaft is arrested when the alternate succession of
impulses is interrupted by the depression of a key, a circuit correcting-device and an
unison-arm on the same shaft, a unison electro-magnet included in parallel circuit
with said neutral-escapement electro-magnet through said corrector once in each
revolution thereof and responding to pulsations of twice the duration of those
employed to actuate said neutral escapement electro-magnet, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
95. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery, a main-type-
wheel line circuit, transmitting-keys, their contacts and springs, and a sunflower-
device, of a neutral escapement electro-magnet responding to alternate makes and
breaks of circuit and included in said type-wheel line, its armature, lever, retracting-
spring and wedge-pallets, said electro-magnet operating said wedge-pallets which
drive a star-wheel mounted on a type-wheel shaft and rotated in response to pulsations
automatically produced by a traversing brush mounted on the same shaft, said brush
contacting with open and closed segments of said sunflower-device by which said
shaft is arrested when the alternate succession of impulses is interrupted by the
depression of a key, and type-wheels suitably mounted on the same shaft, of a
circuit correcting device and a unison-arm mounted on the said shaft, a unison
electro-magnet with its armature, lever_ and retracting-spring, said electro-magnet
being included in parallel circuit with said neutral escapement electro-magnet through
said corrector once in each revolution thereof and responding to pulsations of twice
the duration of those employed to actuate said neutral electro-magnet, a printing-
hammer and a ratchet electro-magnet in a printing battery circuit, its actuated devices,
whereby said hammer is operated by a direct blow and then falls back clear of the
type-wheels, substantially as set forth.
96. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a double sunflower-

page_text: 'device, of main-lines and batteries for controlling respectively the type-wheels and
the printing mechanism, transmitting-keys, their contact-springs, electrical-devices
for connecting said batteries with said lines and sunflower segments, a neutral
escapement electro-magnet included in one of said lines and responding to alternate
makes and breaks of circuit, said electro-magnet actuating wedge-pallets for driving
a star-wheel mounted on the type-wheel shaft, a revolving brush contacting with
alternate open and closed circuit segments of one of said sunflowers connected with
the type-wheel line, and by which said type-wheel shaft is arrested when the alternate
succession of impulses is interrupted by the depression of a key, which at the same
time, actuates said electrical devices connecting the line controlling the printing
mechanism with a segment of the sunflower in the printing line, whereby when the
type-wheel shaft is arrested another brush thercon contacts with said segment and an
impulse is sent over said line, a correcting-device and a unison arm mounted on said
type-wheel shaft, and a unison electro-magnet included in parallel circuit with said
neutral escapement electro-magnet through said corrector once in each revolution
thereof and responding to pulsations of twice the duration of those employed to actuate
said neutral electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
97. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a double sunflower device,
of main-lines and batteries for controlling respectively the type-wheels and printing
mechanism, character-keys their contact-springs, electrical-devices for connecting said
batteries with said lines and sunflower segments, a neutral escapement electro-magnot
included in one of said lines and responding to alternate makes and breaks of circuit,
said electro-magnet actuating wedge-pallets for driving a star-wheel mounted on said
type-wheel shaft, a revolving brush contacting with alternately open and closed circuit
segments of one of said sunflowers connected with said line and by which said type-
wheel shaft is arrested when the alternate succession of impulses is interrupted by the
depression of a key which, at the same time, actuates said electrical-devices connecting
the line controlling, the printing-mechanism with a segment of said sunflower in
the printing line, whereby, when the type-wheel shaft is arrested another brush
thereon contacts with said segment and an impulse is sent over said line, a circuit
corrector and a unison-arm mounted on said shaft, a unison electro-magnet included
in parallel circuit with said escapement electro-magnet through said corrector once in
each revolution thereof, and responding to pulsations of twice the duration of those
employed to actuate said neutral electro-magnet, and a relay in said type-wheel line
for closing the circuit of said line in parallel circuit through said escapement and
unison electro-magnets, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
98. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and a main
type-wheel line circuit, of transmitting-keys with their contact-springs, a sunflower
device, having segmental contacts included in the circuit of said battery, a
neutral escapement electro-magnet included in said type-wheel circuit and responding
to alternate makes and breaks of circuit therein, its armature, lever, retracting-spring,
wedge-pallets carried by said lever, a type-wheel shaft, a star scape-wheel mounted
thereon said star scape-wheel being driven and arrested by said wedge-pallets actuated
by pulsations through said electro-magnet, substantially as and for the purposes set.
forth.
99. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of type-wheel and printing
line circuits and batteries, a doublo sunflower device in an automatically operating
instrument, one series of segments in said sunflower-device connected directly with
the type-wheel line circuit, transmitting-keys with their contact-springs, traversing
brushes mounted on a shaft, said keys and brushes operating to alternately make and
break the circuit through said type-wheel line to arrest a type-wheel at a character
and at the same time close said printing line through the other segments of said sun-
flower-device, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
100. In a printing telegraph system, the combination with a battery and main-line
circuit, of a central station pulsator, a battery and printing-line circuit and a detent
.electro-magnet included in said circuit, terminal station instruments organized as
transmitters and receivers, escapement electro-magnets therein, the transmitter

page_text: operating to cause said central-station pulsator to be arrested while at the same time
said pulsator is operating said escapement electro-magnets of two connected
instruments through said type-wheel line, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
'
101. In a printing telegraph system, the combination of a paper-feeding device,
consisting of a feeding-roller mounted on a shaft pivoted to the paper-carriage, a
ratchet wheel secured centrally to said shaft, a ratchet-lever carrying a pawl, said
lever turning loosely on said shaft, a vibrating feeding rod held in supports and
actuated by an electro-magnet, said ratchet-lever travelling in said feeding rod and
operating to feed the paper between lines at any point in the excursion of said carriage,
substantially as set forth.
102. In a printing telegraph, the combination of the face-plate a, the fixed
guards d2 and 28, the shaft D, and the shifting type-wheels D1, D2, so arranged
relatively to each other that one type-wheel is shielded by said guard 23, while the
other wheel is in position to give its impression, substantially as described.
103. In a printing telegraph, the combination of the ink-roller, the discs of felt d³
compressed between removable heads 33, and a spindle d³, pivoted in the side frames d¹³
and d, substantially as described.
104. In a printing telegraph, the combination in a paper feeding device, of a source
of electricity and circuit, an electro-magnet in said circuit, a transversely travelling
paper-carriage carrying feed-rollers on a shaft pivoted to said carriage, a ratchet-
wheel secured centrally on said shaft and a lever with its pawl turning loosely on
said shaft, a rock-arm pivoted to a fixed support carrying rigid arms and a feeding
rod on which said ratchet-lever freely slides, an armature for the said electro-magnet
with its lever secured to said rock-shaft and a retracting-spring, operating when said
electro-magnet is energized to feed the paper to space between two lines at any point
in the excursion of said carriage.
105. In a printing telegraph, the combination of the side-bars J, J', shaft je, feed-
rollers in two sections, roller 10, ratchet-wheel n³, ratchet-lever n", with an
elongated aperture nl, pawl ne, spring n², feeding-rod n, rigid-arms n, rock-shaft n³,
armature-lever n², armature n', retracting-spring n, electro-magnet N, and fixed
support A3, all arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
106. In a printing telegraph, the combination in a paper carriage, of the side
bars J, J, bar J2, brackets, channel-bar J3, friction-rollers 126, and pivotal support 129,
all arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
107. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a printing-hammer 22, an
elastic-arm a bell-crank 1, ratchet-wheels 15, 16, hook-pawl 1, pivoted to a
ratchet-lever 1, armature, h, and a ratchet electro-magnet H, in the circuit of a source
of electricity, whereby when said electro-magnet is energized the printing-hammer is
caused to strike a blow and fall back clear of the paper, substantially as described.
108. In a printing telegraph, the combination with a paper-carriage, and a rack
attached thereto, a printing and ratchet electro-magnet, its armature, lever, pawls and
retracting-springs, a dog pivoted to a fixed support, a releasing electro-magnet, its
armature, lever, pins and retracting-spring, a shaft and means for operating said
shaft, a director on the same shaft, a source of electrical energy and a circuit, said
electro-magnets energized in parallel circuits closed through said director, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
109. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a type-wheel battery and circuit,
a sunflower and character-keys included in said circuit and operating to rotate and
arrest a shaft by means of pallets driving a star-wheel mounted on said shaft, type-
wheels and a circuit director on the same shaft, a local battery and circuit, said
director being included in said circuit, and a printing electro-magnet with its actuated-
devices said electro-magnet being energized by pulsations in said circuit, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
110. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a type-wheel line battery and
circuit and a printing-line battery and circuit, electrical-devices for controlling a
neutral electro-magnet in said type-wheel line, a shaft carrying a circuit directing-

page_text: device, type-wheels and a star-wheel driven and arrested by said electro-magnet, a
printing electro-magnet energized by said printing-line circuit through said directing
device, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
111. In a printing telegraph, the combination with a type-wheel line battery and
circuit, electrical devices for controlling a neutral electro-magnet in said circuit, a
shaft carrying a circuit directing device, type-wheels and a star-wheel driven and
arrested by said electro-magnet, a paper-carriage carrying feed-rollers, a local-battery
and circuit, an electro-magnet and its actuated-devices for operating said feed-rollers,
said electro-magnet being energized by said local battery circuit through said director,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
112. In a printing telegraph, the combination with a paper-carriage and a rack
attached thereto, of a ratchet electro-magnet its armature, lever, pawl and retracting-
spring, a dog on a fixed support, a shaft and means for operating the said shaft, a
circuit director on the samo shaft, a source of electrical energy and a circuit, said
electro-magnet being energized by said circuit closed through said circuit director,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
113. In a printing telegraph, the combination with a paper carriage, a rack and a
counter-rack attached thereto, of a ratchet-electro-magnet its armature, lever, pawl
and retracting-spring, a counter-pawl pivoted to a fixed support and linked to said
lever, a dog on a fixed support, a shaft, and means for operating said shaft, a
circuit-director, a source of electrical energy and a circuit, said electro-magnet being
energized by said circuit closed through said director, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
114. In a printing telegraph, the combination with a type-wheel shaft, type-wheels
and a circuit director on said shaft, and means, for controlling said shaft, of a source
of electricity and its circuit, an electro-magnet included in said circuit, its actuated-
devices and a printing-hammer and its actuating-devices, whereby when said electro-
magnet is energized by an impulse in said circuit through said circuit-director
said printing-hammer is caused to strike a blow and fall back, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two sub-