IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHARCOAL KILNS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COOLERS FOR CHARCOAL KILNS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Frederic Chantrell, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Furnace Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHARCOAL KILNS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF COOLERS FOR CHARCOAL KILNS."
Sealed the 22nd November 1859, and dated the 26th May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Frederic Chantre!!
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th May 1859.
I, GEORGE FREDERIC CHANTRELL, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Furnace Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHARCOAL KILNS, AND IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF COOLERS FOR CHARCOAL KILNS," to be as follows (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to improvements which mainly appertain to certain
apparatus applicable to the manufacture of charcoal, and for which the Inventor
received Her most Gracious Majesty's Letters Patent, bearing date the 17th
day of October, A.D. 1853; and also Letters Patent dated the 8th day of
June, A.D. 1855, for improvements in the said apparatus; and also for
further improvements he has obtained Provisional Protection under the Patent
Law Amendment Act of A.D. 1852, dated the 8th day of December hast;
and consists,
Firstly, in forming the pier blocks or lumps forming the ends of char

page_text: chambers with the centre projections, which form the inner surface of the
ends of the chambers, of a greater length than the side projections, so that it
will overlap the joint line of the outer side of the tile or lump forming the
longitudinal side of the chambers. In some cases it is preferred to form the
pier blocks of a cruciform shape, the side arms of which take into grooves
formed in the centre of the length of the inner face of the tiles forming the
longitudinal sides of the char chambers. When this form of pier block is used,
it is proposed to form the tiles that they can be jointed together vertically as
well as horizontally by rabbet or V joints, and in which case the draught floors
are supported by the fire-brick linings of the draught flues.
The second part of this Invention relates to improvements in the manu-
facture of coolers used to receive the char after it has been acted upon within
the char chambers, and is equally applicable to many other descriptions of
char-making apparatus, such as pipe char kiln, and consists in forming the
thin, flat, or corrugated sides of the coolers of steel, "puddled steel," "homo-
geneous metal," or other metal prepared from iron, having similar properties,
by the use of which much thinner sheets may be applied than when common
sheet iron is used for that purpose.
And, lastly, it is proposed to attach the various parts of metalic charcoal
coolers together by means of screwed bolts, or bolts and nuts, in place of
riveting them together, as now practised, by which arrangement any portion
of the coolers can be removed and renewed with little trouble and without
injury to the remaining portions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Frederic Chantrell in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 26th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
FREDERIC CHANTRELL, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Furnace
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Frederic Chantrell, Her special licence that I, the said
George Frederic Chantrell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said George Frederio Chantrell, my executors, administrators,

page_text: and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHARCOAL KILNS,
AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COOLERS FOR CHARCOAL KILNS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said George Frederic Chantrell, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Frederic Chantrell, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):
This my said Invention relates to improvements which mainly appertain to
certain apparatus applicable to the manufacture of charcoal, and for which
Her most Gracious Majesty was pleased to grant me Letters Patent, bearing
date the 17th day of October, A.D. 1853; and Letters Patent dated the 8th
day of June, A.D. 1855, for improvements in the said apparatus; and for
further improvements thereon Her most Gracious Majesty was further pleased
to grant unto me Letters Patent, bearing date the 8th day of December,
A.D. 1858; and consists,-
Firstly, in constructing the pier blocks or lumps forming the ends of the
char chambers with the centre projections, which form the inner surface of
the ends of the chambers, of a greater length than heretofore, so that it will
overlap the joint lines of the outer sides of the tiles or lumps forming the longi-
tudinal sides of the chambers. In some cases I prefer to form the pier blocks
of a cruciform shape in the centre, the side arms of which take into grooves.
formed in the inner face of the tiles or lumps forming the longitudinal sides of.
the char chambers. When I use this form of pier block, I prefer to form the
longitudinal tiles with a rabbet or V joint vertically as well as horizontally, as
heretofore, in which case the draught floors are supported by the fire-brick
linings of the draught flues.
The second part of this my said Invention relates to improvements in the
manufacture of coolers used to receive the char after it has been acted upon
within the char chambers, and is equally applicable to many other descriptions

page_text: of char-making apparatus, such as the pipe char kiln; and consists in forming
the thin, flat, or corrugated sides of the coolers of steel, "puddled steel,"
homogeneous metal," or other metal prepared from iron, having similar
properties, by the use of which much thinner sheets may be applied than when
common sheet iron is used for that purpose.
And, lastly, it is proposed to attach the various parts of the metallic char-
coal coolers together by means of screwed bolts, or bolts and nuts, in place of
rivetting them together, as now practised, by which arrangement any portion
of the coolers can be removed and renewed with little trouble, and without
injury to the remaining portions.
That these my said improvements may be the more readily seen and under-
stood, I have hereunto annexed Drawings, in partial illustration of various
modifications of my present Invention. Like letters and figures marked
thereon have reference to similar parts.
Figure 1 exhibits an horizontal sectional plan of one modification of my
improved pier blocks; Figure 2 shows another modification of the same.
Figure 3 exhibits the plan of another form of my improved pier blocks, the
centre of which is of a cruciform shape, and the ends are so formed as to
perfectly tie the longitudinal side tile therewith.
Figure 4 is a partial vertical section taken from a to b, Figure 3.
Figure 5 is another modification of one of my improved pier blocks. A, the
pier blocks or lumps forming the ends of the char or retort chambers; B, the
tiles or slabs, which form the longitudinal sides of the char or retort chambers,
and which may be formed with a rabbet or V groove all round when pier
blocks of the form shown in Figures 1 and 2 are used in conjunction there-
with; C, fire-brick lining of the draught floors.
Figure 6 is a side elevation of a charcoal cooler constructed according
to my improved system; and Figure 7 is an end or edge of the same.
D, the thin longitudinal side plates of the coolers, constructed of steel,
"puddled steel," "homogeneous metal," or other metal prepared from iron,
having like properties; E, the edges or narrow sides of the coolers through
which passes F, the screw bolts, by which the cooler is held together; G are
perforated flat bars of metal placed on the outside of the coolers, and through
which the binding screws pass; H, bolts, which pass transversely through the
longitudinal vertical sides of the coolers to keep them in position, and which
are fitted with an internal collar, to prevent the sides being drawn together
by the screw bolts.
Having now fully described this my said Invention, and how, I beleive, the
same may be best carried into practise, I wish it to be understood that I do

page_text: not confine myself to the precise details or relative dimensions, as it will be
readily seen that the same may be considerably varied without departing from
the Invention; but what I do claim is,-
First, the peculiar form of pier blocks or lumps herein-before described, or
any mere modification of the same.
Secondly, the use of thin sheets of steel, "puddled steel," "homogeneous
metal," or other metal prepared from iron having similar properties, for the
purpose of constructing the longitudinal vertical sides of charcoal coolers, has
herein-before described, or any mere modification of the same.
And, lastly, attaching together the various parts of metal charcoal coolers
by means of screwed bolts, or bolts and nuts, in place of rivetting, as heretofore
practised, or any mere modification of the same.
In witness wherof, I, the said George Frederic Chantrell, have here-
unto set my hand and affixed my seal, this Twenty-fifth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-nine.
Witness,
WILLIAM WALKER,
GEORGE FREDERIC (L.S.) CHANTRELL.
of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.