CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FABRICS." FOR FINISHING VELVETS, VELVETEENS, AND OTHER PILE PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Dutton and William Renshaw, both of
Oldfield Road, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists,
for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS
FABRICS."
FOR FINISHING VELVETS, VELVETEENS, AND OTHER PILE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Dutton and
William Renshaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 13th October 1875.
We, ROBERT DUTTON and WILLIAM RENSHAW, both of Oldfield
Road, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FINISHING VELVETS, VELVETEENS, AND OTHER PILE
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
According to our present improvements the fabric is operated upon by
two or more waxing rollers rotating in fixed standards fitted with
adjusting screws or other machinery to regulate the quantity of wax
required to be put upon the piled fabric. Underneath these waxing
rollers is distended a sheet of india-rubber, leather, or any other kind

page_text: of cloth or fabric, over which and under the waxing rollers the pilo
fabric passes to be waxed; then it is taken over a roller or bar, over
which a circular brush roller rotates, then under another roller, and
after which under the pegging bar, leaving which it passes under a
roller and over another roller fitted with adjusting screw, which serve
to raise or lower it as required, and under one or more endless crossing
belts, cach furnished with crossing or "bossing" blocks of wood coated
with a composition which is made up of pulverized minerals and glue or
gum. These blocks act upon the pile in the direction from selvage to
selvage of the fabric, which passes onwards to the draw-through roller
and afterwards wound up in the usual way.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Dutton and William Renshaw in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 13th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, ROBERT
DUTTON, Machinist, Oldfield Road, Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
and WILLIAM RENSHAW, Machinist, Oldfield Road, Salford, in the
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Robert Dutton and William
Renshaw, Her special license that we, the said Robert Dutton and
William Renshaw, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Robert Dutton and William Renshaw, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FINISHING VELVETS, VELVETEENS, AND
OTHER PILE FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Robert Dutton and William Renshaw, our executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under or their, or one of their
'

page_text: hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Dutton and William
Renshaw, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
According to our present improvements the fabric is operated upon
by two or more waxing rollers rotating in fixed standards fitted with
adjusting screws or other machinery to regulate the quantity of wax
required to be put upon the piled fabric. Over these waxing rollers is
fixed a water box furnished with two wood rollers, between which an
endless damping cloth passes, whose object is to keep the waxing rollers
cool. Underneath these waxing rollers is distended a sheet of india-
rubber, leather, or any other kind of cloth or fabric, over which and
under the waxing rollers the pile fabric passes to be waxed; then it is
taken over a roller or bar, over which a circular brush roller rotates,
then under another roller, and after which under the pegging bar,
leaving which it passes under a roller and over another roller fitted with
adjusting screws, which serve to raise or lower it as required, and under
one or more endless crossing belts, each furnished with crossing or
bossing" blocks of wood coated with a composition which is made up
of pulverized minerals and glue or gum. These blocks act upon the
pile in the direction from selvage to selvage of the fabric, which passes
onwards underneath a bossing roller coated with the same composition
as used for the bossing blocks, then to the draw-through roller, and
afterwards wound up in the usual way.
$8
We wish also to remark that the particulars given above may be
varied or modified.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings, reference being had to the Figures and letters marked
thereon.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 an end elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan
of a finishing machine to which our improvements are applied,

page_text: ❝ is the driving shaft; b, the counter shaft and pulleys, which revolve
in fixed bearings; c and d waxing rollers, which revolve in fixed
standards e and fitted with adjusting screws g and h; i, the sheet of
india-rubber or other fabric distended by means of the shaft in fixed
bearings and lever J, and constructed so as to be slackened or tightened
at will; K, the circular brush roller, which rotates in fixed standards
fitted with adjusting screws; L, binding roller; m, another binding
roller, the brackets of which are fitted with adjusting screws n;
o, endless crossing belt furnished with crossing blocks p; r, another
binding roller; S, circular bossing roller; t, draw-through roller covered.
with card fillet, and acts on the back of the fabric to draw it through
the machine; this roller and the whisk y, and winding-up roller v, are
made in the usual manner.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The fabric to be finished
is represented by the line w. The fabric passes over and under the
stretching bars a¹ and over the roller 6', which is covered with card fillet
as now customary; it then passes under the waxing rollers c and d,
beneath which is the distended india-rubber or other fabric i, which
serves as an clastic cushion, the fabric w in passing over which receives
the requisite uniform amount of wax to the pile surface by the waxing
rollers c and d. c', the endless damping cloth resting upon the waxing
rollers c and d, the purpose of which serves to keep the wax cool during
the operation of waxing the fabric; the fabric then passes under the
circular brush roller K, which brushes the wax into the pile of the
fabric; before it passes on to the pegging table it passes under the
binding roller L, then over the binding roller M, having adjusting
screws N to raise or lower the roller in proportion to the amount of
crossing required to be given to the fabric by the crossing blocks p,
which are fixed upon the endless crossing belt O to lay the pile in the
direction from selvage to selvage, from which the fabric passes under
the binding roller r, and then under the circular bossing roller S, which
is to lay the pile of the fabric lengthways before it passes over the draw-
through roller t, by which the fabric is drawn forward through the
machine. From the roller t the fabric passes under the roller v¹, and
thence over the rail w¹, where it is subjected to the action of the whisk y,
by which the loose fibres are removed; it is then wound up on the
roller in the usual manner.
D
means of these improvements a bright and lustrous finish is

page_text: imparted to velvets, velveteens, and other piled fabrics, and cotton
fabrics are made more closely to resemble silk than by the machinery
now known and in use.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, we wish it to be understood that we
limit our claims to the following parts, namely,—
First. We claim the use of one or more waxing rollers revolving on
their axes in fixed standards fitted with adjusting screws for raising or
lowering them when applied to machinery for finishing piled fabrics, as
described.
Second. The application of the distended india-rubber or other fabric
which acts as a cushion against the waxing rollers whilst the fabric
passes between them during the operation of waxing, as described.
Third. The application of the endless damping cloth which is to keep
the surface of the waxing rollers cool whilst revolving during the
operation of waxing the fabric, as described.
Fourth. The application of the circular brush roller which revolves in
fixed standards fitted with adjusting screws for raising or lowering it
for brushing the wax into the pile of the fabric, as described.
Fifth. The application of the crossing blocks having hollowed surfaces,
which are coated with a composition of pulverized minerals and glue or
gum, as described.
Sixth. The application of the bossing roller, which is coated with a
composition of pulverized minerals and glue or gum, as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Dutton and William
Renshaw, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 12th day
of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-six.