An Improved Method of Making Paper Bags, and Improved Machine therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 15th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Making Paper Bags, and Improved Machine
therefor.
A communication by FRIEDRICH HESSER, of No. 61 Ludwigsstrasse, Cannstatt,
in the Empire of Germany, Machine Maker.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E. of The Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6 Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, 118 New Street, Birmingham in
the County of Warwick and 31 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object the manufacture of paper bags by mechanical
means by inserting at one end of the improved machine, a paper tube formed on
another machine, the finished paper bags being ranged in series and pressed
together in a trough and delivered upright at the other end of the machine. These
paper bags were hitherto always made by hand and the most skilled work-girl
could at most complete 2000 per day. By means of my method hereinafter
described, and the machine shown in the accompanying drawings a girl is in a
position to prepare in a ten hours working day up to 20,000 paper bags daily in a
completely faultless condition.
The work which the machine has to do in forming the paper bags consists
essentially in forming a completely closed bottom on one side of the paper tube,
the form of which when the bag is not filled is an elongated hexagon whilst when
the bag is filled the pointed ends of the hexagon bend upwards and the plan of the
bag is approximately quadratic. The machine makes the bags in such a way that
they have to pass through seven operations which will be termed "stations" in
which the paper bag travels from the first to the second and so on to the
last station where it is removed.
For the first six stations the hag stands upright, and from the third one with its
bottom horizontal and only at the last station is the bottom of the bag folded up
and the bags pressed together in layers side by side.
The paper tube stands upright between two horizontal iron slide or guide
rails which stand as far apart as the further forward moving of the tube
necessitates. The height of the shaped sliding or guiding bars together with
the upper or end support is equal to the height of the finished paper bag so
that the projecting part of the tube is employed for forming the bottom of
such bag. As already mentioned this takes place gradually during the inter-
mittent forward movement of the tube or bag from one station to another. In
this machine only seven stations are provided which cach tube has to pass, all
stations always working simultaneously and the seven paper tubes contained
therein are simultaneously conveyed from the previous station to the next one
by means of a common conveying apparatus, a fresh paper tube being always
inserted at the first station and a finished paper bag delivered from the last.
The stations are shown on the accompanying seven sheets of drawings and
marked with I to VII. Station I receives the paper tube and places it
upright. Station II has a clamp slide which retains the tube whilst the upper

page_text: part of the hitherto perfectly flat tube is drawn up by means of a suction
piece, that is to say the tube is opened at the top and then folded by means
of the first bottom folder which engages in the opening formed in the tube aud
bends the projecting part of the tube to form the bottom. Station III in
which the tube is also held by clamp slides, folds the bottom piece which is 5
only incompletely folded in station II into a completely shaped bottom.
At station IV the folded bottom is coated at a suitable point with an adhesive
substance for instance glue, paste, gum or the like. Station V operates the folding
down and sticking together of the bottom, the gummed points lying one over
the other being further specially pressed together. The completed gumming or
pressing together of the bottom is effected at station VI, as until it reaches this
station the adhesive material has penetrated more into the paper and become more
consistent or rather glutinous; and further at station VI the paper bags are
perforated for the purpose of allowing a cord or the like to be passed through
them by which they may be suspended. Station VII finally receives the finished
paper bag, moves it from its vertical into a horizontal position, presses the bottom,
which was standing vertically to the bag, flat on the tube, and again places the
latter upright in the trough in which the bags are placed in layers against one
another by means of a fork and retained by other suitable devices. The finished
bags are removed in layers from this station. The separate stations one to seven
or the devices which are employed for carrying out the work of the different
stations are shown in the accompanying drawings Sheets 1 to 7.
On Sheet 1, Figure 1 shows an elevation and Figure 2 a plan view of the
machine, the separate parts of the stations not being however shown but only the
On the other hand in
actual position of the paper bag in the seven stations.
this drawing, the device for conveying the paper bags is shown and also the device
which is necessary for causing each paper bag to come exactly to each station into
the position which is alone suitable for forming its bottom.
The conveying or transferring device consists of a shaft E arranged in bearings
so as to slide and revolve, which shaft is coupled by means of connecting
pieces with a lever e. The latter is mounted on a spindle c² supported in
bearings of the frame, C, and is caused to oscillate by means of a cam or
eccentric mounted on a cross shaft A and a reciprocating movement is thus
imparted to the shaft E. On this latter shaft there is fixed for each station a
transfer lever G₁ (see Figure 11) for conveying the paper tube from one station
to the other, and on this lever two adjustable angle pieces gl are arranged which
pass through elongated slots in the guide supports D₁ D and engage the rear edge
of the paper tube h in such a way that as soon as the shaft E commences to
describe a forward travelling movement all the paper tubes are pushed forward
from one station to another by means of the transfer lever G¹ or the angle
pieces g of the same. On the return movement of the transfer shaft E the latter
is so moved by means of the device shown in Figure 32 that the angle pieces g
are drawn out sideways so that the transfer shaft E together with all the transfer
levers G¹ and the like mounted thereon can travel backwards without touching the
paper tube.
When the shaft E has completely returned, it is again turned in the
opposite direction so that the angle pieces g' again engage behind the paper tube.
These changes of movement are operated by means of a crank e fixed on the
transfer shaft E, which crank is operated by means of a lever et and an eccentric
rod from an eccentric or cam 3 (Figures 32 and 34). The crank 3 travels on a
rode which is mounted or socketed on two levers e and e fixed on a spindle.
In order that, during the transfer of the paper tube, it shall always come
exactly at the correct place on the various stations, levers G are arranged at each
station with adjustable engaging angle pieces, which levers are mounted on a
common shaft F which is revoluble but not adjustable, which shaft revolves on
the movement of the paper tube h and turns sideways the engaging elbow pieces g
which encounter the paper tube in such a way that each guide passage between the
two slide bars or guide supports D1 D is free. The shaft F is revolved by means

page_text: of levers fixed thereon operated from eccentric 2 by means of the eccentric rod f
Figure 32.
The insertion of the paper tube h is effected in station I (which is shown in
Figures 3, 4 and 5 of Sheet 2 in end elevation, side elevation and plan respectively).
One slide bar D does not extend beyond this station so that a flap K' for the paper
tube may rest directly on the slide bar D¹. The paper tube is laid on the
obliquely arranged flap K¹ which is connected by means of an angle piece k* with
a segment & which travels in a semi-circular guide support K. The segment k is
connected with an eccentric 4 by means of a rod k¹, elbow lever ³, and eccentric
rod k, which eccentric 4 moves the segment k and thereby also the flap K¹ that is
to say brings the latter into a vertical position and places the paper tube h upright.
In this position the flap K', which has two slots for the transfer levers G', remains
standing until the just inserted tube has reached station II, the flap K¹ is then
again folded down, a fresh paper tube inserted set upright and so forth.
Station II is shown on Sheet 3 in Figures 6 to 10 and this station has to carry
out the first work on the hitherto flat paper tube. This consists in first
approaching closely to suction pieces L' the two upper sides of the tube which
generally lie flat on one another. At the point at which the suction pieces I'
come in contact with the tube some small openings are provided through which
air is drawn by means of the two air pumps L which are driven by means of
an eccentric rod from an eccentric 5 and which communicate with the suction
pieces L¹ by means of the tube . The paper walls are then pressed on these
openings or in other words on the suction pieces L¹ and are moved sideways
by these suction pieces by means of an elbow lever L' mounted loosely on the
shaft F or in other words the tube h is opened at the top. Two bottom-
folders m thereupon immediately press into the opening thus formed in such a way
that they first descend until their points rest on the slide bars D D and then turn
until they lic flat upon the latter. They then turn backwards and rise up to the
position in which they are shown in Figure 6 where they are drawn out of the
tube.
The suction pieces L¹ are horizontally adjustable by means of bars whilst the
latter are socketted vertically adjustable in the elbow levers L in such a way that
they may be exactly adjusted to the paper tube. The openings are formned, as
shown in Figures 6A 6B, and so arranged that they do not coincide with one
another, otherwise no action would be attained. The lateral adjustment of the
suction pieces or of their elbow levers L is effected by means of the eccentric rod 13
from the eccentric 6 and a spring draws the eccentric rod or its guide rollers
always firmly against the eccentric 6. In order to clamp the paper tube / firmly
during its treatment at station III a clamp slide d is arranged in the slide bar D
As soon as
as shown in Figures 8 and 9 together with the means for operating it.
the tube has entered the station the clamp slides d press the same by means of the
the spring firmly against the slide bar D'. The releasing of the clamp slide for
purpose of conveying the paper tube forward from the station to station III
and the insertion of a new tube from the station I to station II takes place by
The lever 1 15
means of a lever n and an eccentric rod n¹ from an eccentric 8.
fixed on the spindle N and the releasing levers are also mounted on the same
spindle, these releasing levers engage with their projecting noses the releasing
bar n which is loosely mounted on the spindle N and on the rotation of the spindle
draw outwards the clamp slide d and release the tube h. A similar clamp device is
provided for station III. The bottom-folders m¹ describe as already mentioned a
double movement, namely a vertical and then a rotary one. These two movements
are produced by means of a lever M¹ which is pivoted in a support M2 and operated
by an eccentric rod m³ from an eccentric 7. The bottom folders m' are so arranged
in the semi-circular slot of a support M which is movable vertically up and down
in guide bars m that they always stand with their outer edges side by side and are
prevented from coming completely in contact with their guides in the semi-circular
slot by means of a plate of indiarubber arranged in the slot of M between their

page_text: guides. Both bottom folders m² are connected with the operating lever M¹ by
means of links m². As soon as the sides of the paper tube have been sucked up
against the support M it descends together with the bottom folders m¹ so far until
these latter rest on the centre of the slide bars D D', and, on the support M further
descending, these folders m' turn in the slots of the supports M until they rest on
the slide bars. An actual folding however does not yet take place in this operation
but only the opening of the top so far that a further folding is possible at the next
station III. The counter weight m' on the lever M' serves to equalise the weight
of the support M and the folders m³.
At station III the inserted tube is also held fast by means of a clamp slide d
which is operated by the same operating device as was the clamp slide of station II.
The device for completely folding the bottom is here shown on Sheet 4 in
Figures 11 to 16. The tube opened at the top is first pressed down by the two
sector-shaped thin pieces o¹ in its centre across the direction of the tube on the
slide bars D D¹ and then the two bottom folders p press the projecting part of
the tube flat down in such a way that it has now an approximately quadratic shape,
see Sheet 1, Figure 2. The two sector pieces o' are arranged as in the case of
station II in a semi-circular slot of a support O which is always vertically movable
up and down in guide bars o which support receives its motion from a bush O'
which is connected by means of hinged bars o' with the sector pieces o¹ and by
means of other hinged bars of with an operating lever O¹. The latter is mounted
in a support 03 and is operated by means of an eccentric bar o from an
eccentric 10.
The
The bottom folders p are attached to a small revolving spindle p² by means of
pins pl to which spindle p² a small movement of rotation is imparted by a small
bar p3 also attached thereto. The small revoluble spindles are mounted on a
vertically adjustable support P which is arranged in one of the two guide bars o
of the support and receive their movement by means of an operating lever Pl
and eccentric rod p° from an eccentric 9. The operating lever P¹ is mounted on a
support P of which two curved pieces p³ are fixed at the top which each have, or
carry on their free ends, a pressure roller p' on which the two rods p³ rest.
latter are pressed by means of a common spring against the pressure rollers p¹.
Station III works in the following manner. The support O first descends and
the two sector like pieces of press the tube across the centre downwards. The
support then descends and whilst in its lower position the spindles pare
turned by means of suitably shaped bars p³, see Figure 15, and the bottom folding
plates are approached as near as possible to one another and are pressed on the
tube and the bottom of this tube is then folded quadratically. The bottom
folders and then the sector pieces o¹ return in reversed succession to their normal
position. The tube leaves, when completely folded level at the top, the station 111
and then comes to the gumming apparatus in station IV. Station IV in which the
bottom of the bag is provided with an adhesive substance is shown in Sheet 5,
Figures 17 to 20. Figures 21 to 23 on the same sheet are drawn on a larger
scale and show the gumming apparatus itself, that is to say the apparatus from
which the gum or other adhesive material is taken. This apparatus consists of a
receptacle S in which a gumming rollers is so arranged that on the forward or
backward movement of the gumining plate r, the latter slides over the gumming
rollers whilst the latter rotates and thus is evenly coated with the adhesive
Bubstance. The gumming apparatus is covered at the top by means of a con-
veniently removable lid S and the gum is conveyed by means of a slide piece S
thoroughly passed through it and by means of a weight and a cord which travels
over the roller s always pressed against the roller s. The cover 2 is fixed to
the apparatus itself by means of the rubber s and the removable pin and is
adjustable by means of set screws s against the roller s with the object of
attaining an even scraping of the gum or adhesive material onto the roller.
The cog wheels serve at each movement of the apparatus for revolving the
rollers, the last of which cog-wheels engages in a rack bar & attached to the

page_text: horizontal driving support R. The transfer of the gum or adhesive material from
the gumming apparatus S to the paper bag takes place in the following
manner :-
The plate which conveys the adhesive substance directly onto the paper bag,
is of such a form as is necessary to prevent any useless waste of the adhesive
substance taking place on the subsequent folding (together) of the bottom of the
tube at station V and more particularly that no adhesive substance shall come
ou the places where the sector pieces or folding slides work, as otherwise constant
interruptions would result.
The approximate form of the layer of gums or adhesive substance is shown in
station IV, Figure 2, Sheet 1. The plate is connected with the horizontal
operating support R by means of an adjustable arm, which support R slides in
horizontal guide bars which are attached to a vertically movable support R',
and receives its movement through the bar which is connected with an operating
lever R2 as well as by eccentric rod from an eccentric 11. The vertical
movement of the plate is effected by means of the vertical operating support R
(moving in guide bars ) by means of an eccentric rod from an eccentric 13.
Guide bars are attached to the support R³ on which a set screw is mounted,
which set screw has an indiarubber washer at the head, and serves for supporting
the vertical operating support R¹ in its lowest position, that is to say, for regulating
the vertical movement of the plate r in order that it shall not press too strongly
on the paper bag.
r
Station IV works as follows :-
In its normal position the vertical operating support R₁ on which the horizontal
movable support R is mounted, and horizontally adjustable stands in its highest
position, and the one in which it is furthest to the side, as shown in dotted lines in
Figure 17. The eccentric 13 has such a forin, that the support R' first descends
so far that the rack engages with the cog wheel s. The horizontal forward
movement by the lever R³ of the support R then commences whilst the cog
wheel and therewith also the cog wheels on the gumming spindle s, together
with this latter, are set in rotation. The gumming plater then rests on the
gumming rollers and is evenly coated with the adhesive substance by the latter.
As soon as the gumming plater has reached its proper vertical position over the
paper bag h, the horizontal motion ends, and the plate r, together with the two
supports R and R' descends, until this plater rests on the paper bag h, and in this
manner gums the latter. Immediately afterwards it is again raised so far that
nothing prevents the horizontal return of the supports R and R', or of the rack
bar over the cog wheel without moving the latter, and then this plate r again
reaches its normal position. If it be desired to cease conveying the gum or other
adhesive substance on to the paper bag, in consequence of interruptions in the
working, or for any other reasons, this is effected in the following manner :-
A sheath provided with two teeth is arranged on the eccentric rod which
operates the upward adjustment of the gumming apparatus, in which sheath a
pawl engages being revolubly mounted in a socket, which is attached to the
bed plate B. This pawl is connected by means of a bar with the releasing
lever (Figure 1), which is mounted in the support, aud carries in front a
treadle plate which lies directly under the foot of the person inserting the
paper tube h. The releasing lever J is held back by means of a spring in such a
position, that the pawl engages in the under-tooth of the sheath, and prevents
the same descending in spite of the constant horizontal movement of the apparatus.
The sheath only descends after the lever J has been pressed down by the foot, so
that the workman must always place his foot on the treadle i of the lever J when
the gumming apparatus is intended to work, and by raising his foot the gumming
apparatus immediately ceases to work.
In order that when the gumming plate r is raised from the paper bag the folded
part of the same shall not be raised with it, a plate q2 holds the paper bag / down
by the ungummed part during the above period. The plate q* is attached to a

page_text: lever Q which is pivoted in a support g¹ and receives its suitable motion from
an eccentric 12 by means of an eccentric rod q. The paper bag gummed at
suitable places in the manner herein before described, is then pushed from station IV
to station V.
At station V the
pressed firmly down.
to 26.
bottom is closed, the gummed ends being folded round and
The device for effecting this is shown in Sheet 6, Figures 24
The paper bag rests with the outer corners of its sinooth folded bottom
gummed at the top over the two folding slides u and u¹, which are let into the
slide bars D and D', in such a way that their upper surface is level with the
surface of the slide bars. The folding slides u and u¹ in their countersunk position
80 far apart as is necessary for the folding distance or the width of the bottom of
the finished bag.
One
Two bottom clamps » seive for holding the paper bag fast during the folding
by means of the folding slides and u¹, and these clamps v press on the corners
of the paper bag which are not to be folded and are approached to one another
until they stand close to the gummed part of the botton. When the folding has
taken place, the clamps move back again and are raised. This is effected in
the following manner, see Figures 24, 25, and 26. The two clamps v are attached
to the arms V which are loosely mounted on a common spindle and have each a
ribbed or grooved boss v', which may be adjusted sideways by means of cog
wheels engaging in one another, in which movement the clamp arms V also
share. The rotation of the cog wheels takes place by means of the crank v
which is mounted on one spindle with one of the wheels v² and is moved by means
of a link v and eccentric rod v from an eccentric 14. The raising of the clamp
arms V which are movably arranged on the support V₁ takes place by means of
two levers V2 keyed firmly on one spindle which levers are bent round at one end
and engage therewith rollers v mounted on the clamp arms V. The clamp arms V
are pressed against the paper bag by means of springs shown in Figure 24.
of the levers V2 is prolonged beyond its point of rotation and coupled with an
eccentric rod v which is moved by an eccentric 15. If the eccentric rod v* be drawn
down, the arms V2 raise the clamp arms V on their rollers and lift the clamps v.
The folding down of the corners of the paper bag which are provided with the
adhesive substance, takes place by means of the folding slides and u¹ mounted
on the folding support U which is movable vertically up and down. The support U
is guided in upright bars t. The folding slides u and u are attached to the
slides u and u by means of their vertical bars u² and u"; these slides u and u³
being mounted in the support U and honzontally adjustable and receiving their
horizontal movement from an eccentric 19 on which they are pressed by means of
their sliding rollers by two springs The eccentric 19 is mounted on one spindle
with the bevel gearing t which engages with the bevel wheel T3 which is mounted
on the spindle T2 which carries at its other end a crank to which is connected with
an eccentric rod t'. The latter is operated by an eccentric 16 and thereby the
wheels T3 and 15 receive a reciprocating rotary motion which is communicated to
the eccentric 19. The elevating or lifting movement of the folding slides u u' or
of the support U which is connected by the link t with the operating lever T¹,
takes place by means of the eccentric rod t² from the eccentric 18.
The work at station V is completed in the following way :-
The paper bag h gummed at top lies (after reaching its proper position at
station V) on the two recessed or countersunk folding slides u and u and is
retained on held fast by the clamps v. The form of the eccentric 19 is such that
the two folding slides do not complete their horizontal movement together but first
folding slide and then shule so that the part of the bottom of the paper bag
folded down by slide u rests on that folded down by the side u, and both are
then pressed down together. As however the uppermost lying corner of the bottom
of the paper bag which cannot be pressed down by the folding slides, would remain
loose, a pressing plate a provided with a gumming plate is arranged in order to

page_text: press this corner firmly down, which plate a is pressed on by means of the operating
lever X mounted in a support X' and by an eccentric rod from an eccentric 17
(Figure 28).
The
The complete pressing down of the gummed parts of the bottom of the paper bag
is finally effected at station VI (see Sheet 7) by means of a wooden plate y provided
with a thick indiarubber pressing plate, and attached to the lever Y, the pressing
down being effected by means of the eccentric rod y³ from an eccentric 20.
pressing lever Y is mounted in the support Y'. In order that when the plate y is
raised, the gummed bottom of the paper bag may not be raised or torn upwards
with it, a pin is arranged in the plate y which passes through the same and is
pressed on by a spring which pin is socketed in the loop piece Y' mounted on the
pressing lever Y and is pressed down by the spring y2 in such a way that in a raised
position of the plate y the pin y' projects a little & when pressed down rests on that
part of the paper bag where the two corners are gummed down one over the other.
On the plate y being raised the pin yl again projects until it is raised about
1 centimetre. The paper bag is also perforated below at station VI by the
perforating stamp Y3 which is mounted in the support Y* making a short horizontal
movement, and perforating the bag in the usual manner. The perforating stamp
is operated by means of a link y', elbow lever y aud eccentric rod y from an
eccentric 21.
The paper bag is now ready and the duty of station VII is to convey it from
the slide rail passage into the packing trough W. Four separate manipulations are
necessary for this. The paper bag is first folded by the folding flap W¹ by means
of elbow lever w¹, eccentric rod w³ and eccentric 23. Then the bottom is doubled
over by the flap W' which is operated from the cam eccentric 22 by means of the
link w elbow lever to and eccentric rod w, and the bag is then forwarded on the
curved rails w into the trough W by the litting flap W by means of the crank w
and eccentric rod w' from the eccentric 24, and is there prevented from falling back
by the retaining forks Z. The retaining forks Z come at once into action as soon
as the flap W³ has conveyed a fresh bag into the trough W. The retaining forks Z
which are mounted on the fork carrier Z are moved from the operating lever Z
which is mounted on the support z, and receives its movement by the eccentric 25
engaging or pressing on the roller 2 mounted on the end of the lever. In order
that the paper bags may not fall down again on the descent of the retaining fork, a
supporting device, which is not shown on the drawings because it is already well
known, is arranged in the sorting trough W.
The machine is driven from the belt pulley Z³ which may be thrown in or out of
action by means of a segmental clutch coupling. The pulley Z³ is mounted on the
shaft A which in turn is mounted in bearings c in the frame C, as are also the
shafts A A All the eccentrics 2 to 25, with the exception of the transfer
eccentric and the eccentrics for operating the two pumps, are mounted on the
two parallel shafts A and A' which are operated by the bevel gearing a to a³ in
such a way that they have the same direction of rotation. The form of the
eccentrics is not bereinbefore more particularly described but it is of course so
arranged that the various operations of folding and gumming take place in their
correct succession. What is regarded as novel in this invention is not merely the
one or the other manipulation when at work, or one or other device in the machine,
but also the general arrangement of causing the paper tube to travel from station
to station, and to treat it gradually and successively at each station until the
paper tube is finally delivered as a finished bag. Other stations for instance
may be inserted, if desired, or two may be combined in one without thereby
altering the essence of this invention. Also is desired a machine for making the
paper tubes may be directly connected with the machine for making paper bags
herein before described.
50
1005

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Making Paper Bags, and Improved Machine
therefor.
A communication by FRIEDRICH HESSER, of 61, Ludwigs-strasse, Cannstatt, in the
Empire of Germany, Machine Maker.
1, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.J.M.E., of The Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, of 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6 Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, 118 New Street Birmingham in the
County of Warwick, and 31 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has for its object the manufacture of paper bags by mechanical
means by inserting at one end of the improved machine, a paper tube formed
on another machine, the finished paper bags being ranged in series and pressed
together in a trough and delivered upright at the other end of the machine.
These paper bags were hitherto always made by hand and the most skilled
work-girl could at most complete 2000 per day. By means of my method
hereinafter described, and the machine shown in the accompanying drawings a
girl is in a position to prepare in a ten hours working day up to 20,000 paper bags
daily in a completely faultless condition.
The work which the machine has to do in forming the paper bags consists
essentially in forming a completely closed bottom on one side of the paper tube,
the form of which when the bag is not filled is an elongated hexagon, whilst
when the bag is filled the pointed ends of the nexagon bend upwards and the
plan of the bag is approximately quadratic. The machine makes the bags in
such a way that they have to pass through seven operations which will be
termed "stations" in which the paper bag travels from the first to the second and
so on to the last station where it is removed.
For the first six stations the bag stands upright, and from the third one with
its bottom horizontal and only at the last station is the bottom of the bag
folded up and the bags pressed together in layers side by side.
The paper tube stands upright between two horizontal tron slide or guide
rails which stand as far apart as the further forward moving of the tube
necessitates. The height of the E shaped sliding or guiding bars together with
the upper or end support is equal to the height of the finished paper bag, so that
the projecting part of the tube is employed for forming the bottom of such bag.
As already mentioned this takes place gradually during the intermittent forward
In this machine
movement of the tube or bag from one station to another.
only seven stations are provided which each tube has to pass, all stations always
working simultaneously, and the seven paper tubes contained therein are
simultaneously conveyed from the previous station to the next one by means of
a common conveying apparatus, a fresh paper tube being always inserted at the
The stations are
first station and a finished paper bag delivered from the last.
shown on the accompanying seven sheets of drawings and marked with 1 to VII.
Station I receives the paper tube and places it upright. Station II has a clamp
slide which retains the tube whilst the upper part of the hitherto perfectly flat tube
is drawn up by means of a suction piece, that is to say the tube is opened at the
top and then folded by means of the first bottom folder which engages in the
opening formed in the tube and bends the projecting part of the tube to form
the bottom. Station III in which the tube is also held by clamp slides, folds the
bottom piece which is only incompletely folded in station II into a completely
shaped bottom.

page_text: At station IV the folded bottom is coated at a suitable point with an adhesive
substance, for instance glue, paste, gum or the like. Station V operates the
folding down and sticking together of the bottom, the gummed points, lying one
over the other, being further specially pressed together. The completed gumming
or pressing together of the bottom is effected at station VI, as until it reaches
this station the adhesive material has penetrated more into the paper and
become more consistent or rather glutinous; and further at station VI the paper
bags are perforated for the purpose of allowing a cord or the like to be passed
through them by which they may be suspended. Station VII finally receives
the finished paper bag, moves it from its vertical into a horizontal position,
presses the bottom, which was standing vertically to the bag, flat on the tube,
and again places the latter upright in the trough in which the bags are placed in
layers against one another by means of a fork and retained by other suitable
devices. The finished bags are removed in layers from this station. The
separate stations one to seven or the devices which are employed for carrying
out the work of the different stations are shown in the drawings (Sheets 1 to 7)
accompanying the Provisional Specification.
On Sheet 1, Figure 1 shows an elevation and Figure 2 a plan view of the machine,
the separate parts of the stations not being however shown but only the actual
position of the paper bag in the seven stations. On the other hand in this
drawing, the device for conveying the paper bags is shown, and also the device
which is necessary for causing each paper bag to come exactly to each station into
the position which is alone suitable for forming its bottom.
The conveying or transferring device consists of a shaft E arranged in bearings
so as to slide, and revolve, which shaft is coupled by means of connecting pieces e¹
with a lever e. The latter is mounted on a spindle supported in bearings c¹ of the
frame C, and is caused to oscillate by means of a cam or eccentric 1 mounted on a
cross shaft A' and a reciprocating movement is thus imparted to the shaft E. On
this latter shaft there is fixed for each station a transfer lever G¹ (see Figure 11)
for conveying the paper tube h from one station to the other, and on this lever two
adjustable angle pieces gl are arranged which pass through elongated slots in the
guide supports D D and engage the rear edge of the paper tube in such a way
that as soon as the shaft E commences to describe a forward travelling movement
all the paper tubes are pushed forward from one station to another by means of the
transfer lever G' or the angle pieces gl of the same. On the return movement of
the transfer shaft E the latter is so moved by means of the device shown in
Figure 32 that the angle pieces g' are drawn out sideways so that the transfer
shaft together with all the transter levers G¹ and the like mounted thereon can
travel backwards without touching the paper tube. When the shaft E has
completely returned, it is again turned in the opposite direction so that the angle
pieces again engage behind the paper tube /. These changes of movement are
operated by means of a crank e fixed ou the transfer shaft E, which crank is
operated by means of a lever et and a rod e from an eccentric or cam 3 (Figures 32
and 34). The crank e travels on a rod e which is mounted or socketed on two
leverse and e fixed on a spindle.
In order that, during the transfer of the paper tube, it shall always come exactly
at the correct place on the various stations, levers G are arranged at each station
with adjustable engaging angle pieces, which levers are mounted on a common
shaft F which is revoluble but not adjustable, which shaft revolves on the movement
of the paper tube and turns sideways the engaging elbow pieces g which encounter
the paper tube in such a way that each guide passage between the two slide bars or
guide supports D' D is free. The shaft F is revolved by means of levers fixed
thereon operated from cam 2 by means of the rod f¹ Figure 32.
The insertion of the paper tube is effected in station I (which is shown in
Figures 3, 4 and 5 of Sheet 2 in end elevation, side elevation and plan respectively).
One slide bar D does not extend beyond this station so that a flap K' for the paper
tube h may rest directly on the slide bar D¹. The paper tube is laid on the
B

page_text: obliquely arranged flap K₁ which is connected by means of an angle piece k^ with
a segment k which travels in a semi-circular guide support K. The segment k is
connected with a cam 4 by means of a rod k¹, elbow lever, and cam rod k³, which
cam 4 moves the segment k and thereby also the flap K', that is to say brings the
latter into a vertical position and places the paper tube h upright. In this position
the flap K', which has two slots for the transfer levers G¹, remains standing until
the just inserted tube has reached station II, the flap K' is then again folded
down, a fresh paper tube inserted, set upright and so forth.
The
Station II is shown on Sheet 3 in Figures 6 to 10 and this station has to carry
out the first work on the hitherto flat paper tube. This consists in first approaching
closely to suction pieces L¹ the two upper sides of the tube h which generally lie
flat on one another. At the point at which the suction pieces L' come in contact
with the tube some small openings are provided through which air is drawn by
means of the two air pumps L which are driven by means of rod from a cam 5
and which communicate with the suction pieces L₁ by means of the tube l¹.
paper walls are then pressed on these openings, or in other words on the suction
pieces L, and ate moved sideways by these suction pieces by means of an elbow
lever L2 mounted loosely on the shaft F, or in other words the tube / is opened at
the top. Two bottom-folders m' thereupon immediately press into the opening
thus formed in such a way that they first descend until their points rest on the
slide bars D D and then turn until they lie flat upon the latter. They then turn
backwards and rise up to the position in which they are shown in Figure 6 where
they are drawn out of the tube.
The suction pieces L' are horizontally adjustable by means of bars 1³, whilst the
latter are socketted vertically adjustable in the elbow levers L in such a way that
they may be exactly adjusted to the paper tube. The openings are formed, as
shown in Figures 6A 6B, and so arranged that they do not coincide with one another,
otherwise no action would be attained. The lateral adjustment of the suction
pieces or of their elbow levers L is effected by means of the cam rod 13 from the
cam 6 and a spring draws the cam rod 13, or its guide rollers, always firmly
against the cam 6. In order to clamp the paper tube firmly during its treatment
at station III, a clamp slide d is arranged in the slide bar D as shown in Figures 8
and 9 together with the means for operating it. As soon as the tube has entered
the station, the clamp slides d press the same by means of the spring n' firmly
against the slide bar D. The releasing of the clamp slide for the purpose of
conveying the paper tube forward from the station II to station III and the
insertion of a new tube from the station I to station II takes place by means of a
lever n and a cam rod n¹ from a cam 8. The lever n is fixed on the spindle N and
the releasing levers n³ are also mounted on the same spindle; these releasing levers
engage, with their projecting noses, the releasing bar n which is loosely mounted
on the spindle N and on the rotation of the spindle draw outwards the clamp slide d
and release the tube h. A similar clamp device is provided for station III. The
bottom-folders m' describe, as already mentioned, a double movement, namely a
vertical and then a rotary one. These two movements are produced by means of
a lever M' which is pivoted in a support M2 and operated by a cam rod m³ frum
a cam 7. The bottom folders m¹ are so arranged in the semi-circular slot of a
support M, which is movable vertically up and down in guide bars m, that they
always stand with their outer edges side by side and are prevented from coming
completely in contact with their guides in the semi-circular slot by means of a
plate of indiarubber arranged in the slot of M between their guides. Both bottom
folders m' are connected with the operating lever M' by menus of links m³.
soon as the sides of the paper tube have been sucked up against the support M, it
descends together with the bottom folders m' so far until these latter rest on the
centre of the slide bars D D', and, on the support M further descending, these
folders m¹ turn in the slots of the supports M until they rest on the slide bars.
An actual folding however does not yet take place in this operation but only the
opening of the top so far that a further folding is possible at the next station III.
As

page_text: The counter weight m on the lever M' serves to equalise the weight of the
support M and the-folders m³.
At station III the inserted tube h is also held fast by means of a clamp slide d
which is operated by the same operating device as was the clamp slide of station II.
The device for completely folding the bottom is here shown on Sheet 4 in Figures 11
to 16. The tube opened at the top is first pressed down by the two sector-shaped
thin pieces o' in its centre across the direction of the tube on the slide bars D D',
and then the two bottom folders p press the projecting part of the tube flat down
in such a way that it has now an approximately quadratic shape, see Sheet 1,
Figure 2. The two sector pieces o¹ are arranged as in the case of station II in a
semi-circular slot of a support O which is always vertically movable up and down
in guide bars o, which support receives its motion from a bush O2 which is connected
by means of hinged bars of with the sector pieces o' and by means of other hinged
bars of with an operating lever O¹. The latter is mounted in a support O³ and is
operated by means of a cam bar o from a cam 10.
and
The bottom folders p are attached to a small revolving spindle 2 by means of
pins p to which spindle p² a small movement of rotation is imparted by a small
bar på also attached thereto. The small revoluble spindles p are mounted on a
vertically adjustable support P which is arranged in one of the two guide bars o
of the support O and receive their movement by means of an operating lever Pl
and cam rod p from a cam 9. The operating lever P₁ is mounted on a support P
of which two curved pieces p* are fixed at the top, which each have, or carry ou
their free ends, a pressure roller p* on which the two rods p³ rest.
The latter are
pressed by means of a common spring against the pressure rollers pt. Station III
works in the following manner. The support O first descends and the two sector
like pieces o press the tube h across the centre downwards. The support P then
descends and whilst in its lower position the spindles p² are turned by means of
suitably shaped bars p³, see Figure 15, and the bottom folding plates pare
approached as near as possible to one another and are pressed on the tube
the bottom of this tube is then folded quadratically. The bottom folders p and
then the sector pieces o¹ return in reversed succession to their normal position. The
tube h, when completely folded level at the top leaves the station III and then
comes to the gumming apparatus in station IV. Station IV in which the bottom
of the bag is provided with an adhesive substance is shown in Sheet 5, Figures 17
to 20. Figures 21 to 23 on the same sheet are drawn on a larger scale and show
the gumming apparatus itself, that is to say the apparatus from which the gum or
other adhesive material is taken. This apparatus consists of a receptacle S in
which a gumming rollers is so arranged that on the forward or backward movement
of the gumming plater, the latter slides over the gumming rollers whilst the latter
1otates and thus is evenly coated with the adhesive substance. The gumming
apparatus is covered at the top by means of a conveniently removable lid S², and
the gum is conveyed by means of a slide piece S₁ thoroughly passed through it,
and by means of a weight and a cord which travels over the roller & always pressed
against the roller s. The cover S is fixed to the apparatus itself by means of the
rubber s and the removable pin so, and is adjustable by means of set screws st
against the rollers with the object of attaining an even scraping of the gum or
adhesive material onto the roller. The cog wheels serve at each movement
of the apparatus for revolving the roller s, the last of which cog-wheels engages in
a rack s attached to the horizontal driving support R. The transfer of the gum
or adhesive material from the gumming apparatus S to the paper bag takes place in
the following manner :-
The plater which conveys the adhesive substance directly into the paper bag, is
of such a form as is necessary to prevent any useless waste of the adhesive
substance taking place on the subsequent folding (together) of the bottom of the
tube at station V, and more particularly that no adhesive substance shall come
on the places where the sector pieces or folding slides work, as otherwise constant
interruptions would result.

page_text: The approximate form of the layer of gum or adhesive sub-tance is shown in
station IV, Figure 2, Sheet 1. The plate is connected with the horizontal
operating support R by means of an adjustable arm³, which support R slides in
horizontal guide bars which are attached to a vertically movable support R¹,
and receives its movement through the bar which is connected with an operating
lever R2 as well as by cam rod from a cam 11. The vertical movement of the
plate is effected by means of the vertical operating support R¹ (moving in guide
bars) by means of a cam rod from a cam 13. Guide bars are attached to
the support R³ on which a set screw 7 is mounted, which set screw has an india-
rubber washer at the head, and serves for supporting the vertical operating
support R' in its lowest position, that is to say, for regulating the vertical movement
of the plate r in order that it shall not press too strongly on the paper bag.
Station IV works as follows:--
In its normal position the vertical operating support R¹ on which the horizontal
movable support R is mounted, and horizontally adjustable, stands in its highest
position, and the one in which it is furthest to the side, as shown in dotted lines in
Figures 17. The cam 13 has such a form, that the support R¹ first descends so far
that the rack engages with the cog wheel s². The horizontal forward movement
by the lever R2 of the support R then commences, whilst the cog wheel s³ and
therewith also the cog wheels on the gumming spindle s, together with this latter,
are set in rotation. The gumming plater then rests on the gumming rollers and
is evenly coated with the adhesive substance by the latter. As soon as the
gumming plate has reached its proper vertical position over the paper bag h, the
horizontal motion ends, and the plater together with the two supports R and R¹
descends, until this plater rests on the paper bag h, and in this manner gums the
latter. Immediately afterwards it is again raised so far that nothing prevents the
horizontal return of the supports R and R', or of the racks over the cog wheel >
without moving the latter, and then this plate r again reaches its normal position.
If it be desired to cease conveying the gum or other adhesive substance on to the
paper bag, in consequence of interruptions in the working, or for any other reasons,
this is effected in the following manner :-
A sheath provided with two teeth is arranged on the cam rod 76 which operates
the upward adjustment of the gumming apparatus and in said sheath a pawl
engages, being revolubly mounted in a socket 5 which is attached to the bed
plate B. This pawl is connected by means of a bar with the releasing lever J
(Figure 1), which is mounted in the support and carries in front a treadle
plate which lies directly under the foot of the person inserting the paper tube h.
The releasing lever J is held back by means of a spring in such a position, that the
pawl engages in the under-tooth of the sheath and prevents the same descending
in spite of the constant horizontal movement of the apparatus. The sheath only
descends after the lever J has been pressed down by the foot, so that the workman
must always place his foot on the treadle of the lever J when the gumming
apparatus is intended to work, and by raising his foot the gumming apparatus
immediately ceases to work.
In order that when the gumming plate r is raised from the paper bag, the folded
part of the same shall not be raised with it, a plate q2 holds the paper bag h down
by the ungummed part during the above period. The plate q² is attached to a
lever which is pivotted in a support g¹ and receives its suitable inotion from a
cam 12 by means of a cam rod The paper bag gummed at suitable places in the
manner herein before described, is then pushed from station IV to station V.
9:
At station V the bottom is closed, the gummed ends being folded round and
pressed firmly down. The device for effecting this is shown in Sheet 6,
Figures 24 to 26.
The paper bag rests with the outer corners of its smooth folded bottom
gummed at the top over the two folding slides u and u', which are let into the slide
bars D and D¹, in such a way that their upper surface is level with the surface of
the slide bars. The folding slides u and u stand in their countersunk position so

page_text: far apart as is necessary for the folding distance or the width of the bottom of the
finished bag.
Two bottom clamps v serve for holding the paper bag fast during the folding by
means of the folding slides u and u', and these clamps v press on the corners of the
paper bag which are not to be folded, and are approached to one another until
they stand close to the gummed part of the bottom. When the folding has taken
place, the clamps move back again and are raised. This is effected in the-
following manner, see Figures 24, 25 and 26. The two clamps vare attached to.
the arms V which are loosely mounted on a common spindle and have each a
ribbed or grooved boss v¹, which may be adjusted sideways by means of cog
wheels engaging in one another, in which movement the clamp arms V also
share. The rotation of the cog wheels takes place by means of the crank v³
which is mounted on one spindle with one of the wheels and is moved by means
of a link and cam rod from a cam 14. The raising of the clamp arms V
which are movably arranged on the support V1 takes place by means of two
levers V keyed firinly on one spindle, which levers are bent round at one end and
engage therewith rollers » mounted on the clamp arms V. The clamp arms V are
pressed against the paper bag by means of springs shown in Figure 24. Que of the
levers V2 is prolonged beyond its point of rotation and coupled with a
cam rod v
which is moved by a cam 15. If the cam rod v be drawn down, the arms V' raise
the clamp arms V on their rollers and lift the clamps v.
The folding down of the corners of the paper bag which are provided with the
adhesive substance, takes place by means of the folding slides u and u¹ mounted on
the folding support U which is movable vertically up and down. The support U
is guided in upright bars t. The folding slides u and u₁ are attached to the
slides and u by means of their vertical bars u' and u³; these slides u*
and being mounted in the support U and horizontally adjustable and receiving
their horizontal movement from a cam 19 on which they are pressed by means
of their sliding rollers by two springs us. The cam 19 is mounted on one-
spindle with the bevel gearing to which engages with the bevel wheel T3 mounted
on the spindle T. The spindle T' carries at its other end a crank to which is.
connected with a cam rod t. The latter is operated by a cam 16 and thereby the
wheels T and to receive a reciprocating rotary motion which is communicated to.
the cam 19. The elevating or lifting movement of the folding slides u u¹ or of the
support U which is connected by the link t¹ with the operating lever T', takes.
place by means of the cam rod t from the cam 18.
The work at station V is completed in the following way-
The paper bag h gummed at top, lies (after reaching its proper position at
station V) on the two recessed or countersunk folding slides u and u¹ and is
retained or held fast by the clamps v. The form of the cam 19 is such that the
two folding slides do not complete their horizontal movement together, but first
the folding slide u and then the slide u'; so that the part of the bottom of the
paper bag folded down by slide u¹ rests on that folded down by the slide u, and
both are then pressed down together. As however the uppermost lying corner of
the bottom of the paper bag which cannot be pressed down by the folding slides,
would remain loose, a pressing plate provided with a gumming plate is arranged
in order to press this corner firmly down (Fig. 28), which plate is pressed on by
means of the operating lever X mounted in a support X' and by a cam rod x¹ fiom
a cam 17 (Figure 24).
The complete pressing down of the gummed parts of the bottom of the paper
bag is finally effected at station VI (see Sheet 7) by means of a wooden plate y
provided with a thick indiarubber pressing plate, and attached to the lever Y, the
pressing down being effected by means of the cam rod y³ from a cam not shown in
the drawing. The pressing lever Y is mounted in the support Y¹. In order that
when the plate y is raised, the gummed bottom of the paper bag may not be raised
or torn upwards with it, a pin yl is arranged in the plate y and passes through the
same and is pressed on by a spring, which pin is socketed in the loop piece Y'

page_text: mounted on the pressing lever Y and is pressed down by the spring y in such a
way that in a raised position of the plate y the pin yl projects a little, and when
pressed down rests on that part of the paper bag where the two corners are gunmed
down one over the other. On the plate y being raised, the pin yl again projects
until it is raised about 1 centimetre. The paper bag is also perforated below at
station VI by the perforating stamp Y3 which is mounted in the support Y
making a short horizontal movement, and perforating the bag in the usual manner.
The perforating stamp is operated by means of a link y, elbow lever
rod y from a cam 21.
and cam
The paper bag is now ready and the duty of station VII is to convey it from
the slide rail passage into the packing trough W. Four separate operations are
necessary for this. The paper bag his first folded by the folding flap W1 by means
of elbow lever w', cam rod w² and cam 23. Then the bottom is doubled over by
the flap W which is operated from the cam 22 by means of the link w³, elbow
lever wand cam rod w, and the bag is then forwarded on the curved rails w into
the trough W by the lifting flap W by means of the crank to and cam rod w
from the cam 24, and is there prevented from falling back by the retaining forks Z.
The retaining forks Z come at once into action as soon as the flap W³ has conveyed
a fresh bag into the trough W. The retaining forks Z which are mounted on the
fork canier Z are moved from the operating lever Z2 which is mounted on the
support, and receives its movement by the cam 25 engaging or pressing on
the roller mounted on the end of the lever. In order that the paper bags may
not fall down again on the descent of the retaining fork, a supporting device, which
is not shown on, the drawings because it is already well known, is arranged in the
sorting trough W.
The machine is driven from the belt pulley 23 which may be thrown in or out of
action by means of a segmental clutch coupling (Fig. 2). The pulley Z³ is mounted
on the shaft A which in turn is mounted in bearings c in the frame C, as are also
the shafts A¹ A². All the cams 2 to 25, with the exception of the transfer cam 1
and the cams 5 for operating the two pumps, are mounted on the two parallel
shafts A and A2 which are operated by the bevel gearing a to a³ in such a way that
they have the same direction of rotation. The form of the cams is not herein before
more particularly described but it is of course so arranged that the various
What
operations of folding and gumming take place in their correct succession.
is regarded as novel in this invention is not merely the one or the other operation
when at work, or one or other device in the machine, but also the general arrange-
ment of causing the paper tube to travel from station to station and to treat it
gradually and successively at each station until the paper tube is finally delivered
as a finished bag. Other stations for instance may be inserted, if desired, or two
may be combined in one without thereby altering the essence of this invention.
Also if desired a machine for making the paper tubes may be directly connected
with the machine for making paper bags herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved method of inaking finished paper bags from paper tubes,
characterised by the paper-tubes, being passed with an intelaittent feed motion in
an upright position between sliding or guiding bais, over a number of stations at
which, during the intervals in the forward movement, they are gradually manipulated
by means of cam operated mechanism so as to emerge at the end station as finished
paper bags, substantially as herein before described.
2. In apparatus for carrying out the herem described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism for conveying the paper tube a vertical position between
two sliding or guiding bars (D D¹) from one station to the next, comprising a
reversible transfer shaft (E) baving transfer-levers (G') with adjustable angle
pieces (9), the correct position of the paper tubes at the stations being produced

page_text: by means of adjustable engaging elbow pieces (g) on a lever (G) mounted on a
common shaft (F), substantially as described and illustrated.
3. In apparatus for carrying out the herein-described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism at station I for erecting the inserted paper tube, comprising a
flap (K1) mounted on a semi-circular guide support (K), and a segment (k) turning
in a circular slot of the guide support (K), by means of a suitable cam driving
gear, substantially as described and illustrated.
4. In apparatus for carrying out the herein described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism at station II, for opening the paper tube (h) which is held
fast by clamp slides (d) at its projecting ends, comprising suction pieces (L')
operated by means of air pumps (L) which suction pieces (L') are moved
laterally, and mechanism for preliminarily folding the opened part of the tube by
means of descending and revolving bottom-folders (m²), substantially as described
and illustrated.
5. In apparatus for carrying out the herein-described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism at station III comprising descending and overlapping sector-
shaped pieces (o') in combination with bottom folders (p) which successively turn,
descend and press on the previously folded bottom of the paper bag, substantially
as described and illustrated.
6. In apparatus for carrying out the herein described method of making paper
bags, the mechanisin at station IV comprising a gumming apparatus (S) having a
gumming roller (5) and a movable slide piece S₁ automatically pressed on the
gumming roller by means of a weight, and also a conveniently adjustable and
removable protective lid (S2), which is fixed to the apparatus by means of a
rubber (s) and removable pins (8), substantially as described and illustrated.
7. In apparatus for carrying out the herein described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism at station IV, for always providing the gumming plate (r)
and the bottom of the paper bag with an even coating or covering of the adhesive
substance, comprising a plate (r) horizontally and vertically adjustable in a
horizontally operating support (R) which again is horizontally movable in a
vertically operating support (R'), and carries a rack (s), in engagement with the
cog wheel (s) of the gumming apparatus, which rack (88) on the forward movement
of the horizontally operating support (R), rotates the gumming roller (s) by means
of cog wheels (and 4) the gumming plate (r) being simultaneously forced to
make a forward movement to the same extent on the gumming roller whereby the
adhesive substance is distributed from the roller equally over the plate, substantially
as described and illustrated.
8. In apparatus for carrying out the herein described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism at station V, comprising bottom clamps (v) adjustable in the
direction of the guiding bars in combination with laterally movable folding
slides (vand v¹) which correspondingly rise or fall and successively effect the
folding and bending round of the gummed bottom corners of the paper bag, the
bottom corners stuck one upon another being sharply pressed on one another by •
means of a special pressing plate (a) substantially as described and illustrated.
9. In apparatus for carrying out the herein described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism at station VI comprising a pressing plate (y) and a pin (y¹)
projecting therethrough under spring pressure with the object of preventing the
bottom of the paper bag from being carried with the plate, on the latter rising,
and a perforating device (Y³ Y4) substantially as described and illustrated.
10. In apparatus for carrying out the herein described method of making paper
bags, the mechanism at station VII for conveying the finished paper bag from the
guide passage into the packing trough comprising a folding flap (W) which folds
down the paper bag, a flap (W) which then presses the bottom flat onto the tube,
a lifting flap (W) which afterwards erects the paper bag, and retaining forks (Z)
which retain the bag after it has been pressed into the packing trough (W)
substantially as described and illustrated.

page_text: 11. The construction and combination of parts taken as a whole, forming the
improved bag making machine, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated.
Dated this 14th day of February 1896
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.