matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SETTING HYDRAULIC RAMS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Samuel Wright at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th January 1872.
I, ROBERT SAMUEL WRIGHT, of the Inner Temple, London, Barrister-
at-Law, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SETTING HYDRAULIC RAMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of placing or setting what are known
as hydraulic rams for elevating water, whereby a slope however long and
gradual may be economically and effectually converted into a sudden fall,
whilst obviating the expense of constructing a dam, reservoir, or open
cutting as has heretofore been considered necessary in setting hydraulic
rams.
In carrying out my Invention supposing that from the mouth of a
spring or stream a fall of say ten feet is obtainable in 500 yards, I
convert this gradual fall at once to a sudden fall or head of ten feet
perpendicular by placing the ram at the bottom of a well or vessel sunk
at the mouth of the spring, the water for working the ram, and to be
thereby clevated as is well understood being conveyed by a vertical pipe
leading directly downwards to the said ram,

page_text: In order to carry off the waste water from the bottom of the said well
or sunk vessel, I propose to employ in combination with the above mode
of setting the ram the double or inverted continuous action syphon
known as the "Wurtemburg" syphon, one leg of which is to be placed
in the well or vessel containing the sunk ram, and the other carried
either the entire five hundred yards of gradual descent or slope to the
place of outfall or carried into a nearly level drain which extends from
the lowest point of discharge to as nearly as practicable the well or sunk
vessel containing the ram.
As this double syphon has the property of adjusting itself to any
varying quantity of waste water and of remaining always full or in
action it is peculiarly adapted for use in connection with a hydraulic
ram placed as above described: By enclosing the junction of the
ram and syphon in a closed chamber or box at the bottom of the well,
all necessity for brickwork or for a receiver (except for the accumulation
of a varying spring) is obviated, and the ram may be stopped or started
at any time by a rod from the surface leading down to the valve.
A NEW OR IMPROVED DETECTIVE SAFETY POCKET
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Owens and George
Puzey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th October 1872.
We, THOMAS OWENS and GEORGE PUZEY, both of Central Street, in
the Parish of Saint Luke, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED DETECTIVE
SAFETY POCKET," to be as follows :-
-
This pocket is composed of an inner and outer pocket. The outer
pocket is fastened to the garment in the usual way; the inner pocket
is divided by an elastic band, thus preventing the abstracting of
anything therefrom without the knowledge and connivance of the
wearer. The pocket has a stay fixed to the bottom of it, which stay is.
fastened to the garment in such a way that the wearer by placing one
hand to the stay can with the other remove anything from the pocket
with the same ease as from an ordinary pocket. The use of this pocket
will tend to decrease crime, more particularly snatching from the person,
this pocket rendering it quite impossible. This pocket can be adapted
to any garment.
AN IMPROVED EQUILIBRIUM TAP AND SELF-CLOSING BUSH VALVE, AND THE APPLICATION OF THE BUSH VALVE TO TAPS IN GENERAL
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Thorp at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
December 1872.
I, THOMAS THORP, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED EQUILIBRIUM TAP AND SELF-CLOSING BUSH VALVE, AND THE
APPLICATION OF THE BUSH VALVE TO TAPS IN GENERAL," to be as follows:-
At the top of the barrel of the tap there is a screwed cover and
packing through which is passed a spindle having at the top a knob or
button and at the bottom a shoulder with packing supporting a metal
washer, and a disc valve of leather or other yielding material, the washer
and valve being held together in the middle by a screw encircling the
spindle, but having sufficient space between them to allow the passage
of water or other fluid, and the outer circumference of the valve is held
to the body of the tap by a cup and screwed ring, and in the valve at any
desired position there is a hole leading from the supply to the cup below
the valve, the hole in the leather being surrounded with metal. .
When the knob or button is pressed down it opens the passage
between the spindle and the interior of the screw and allows the fluid to

page_text: pass above the valve and destroy the equilibrium, to allow the valve to
descend into the cup and the passage of the fluid from the supply to the
exit to be fully opened, and when the pressure is taken off the knob the
valve is immediately closed by the pressure of the water under the disc
valve and the supply cut off.
The self-closing bush valve intended to be applied to this equilibrium
tap and to taps in general is formed as a valve of metal, india-rubber, or
other material in connection with a scating in a bush or pipe, the end of
which is soldered to the supply pipe or placed in the vessel or barrel
from which the liquor or fluid is to be drawn.
At one end of the bush there is an internal screw into which is fitted
an external screw at the end of the pipe or body of the tap, there being
an inner web or projection projecting into the bush.
Whenever the tap is to be removed for cleansing, repairing, or any
other purpose it has simply to be removed from the bush by turning its
external screw out of the bush, and the valve is pressed by the fluid and
air and no escape can take place; but when the tap is to be used the
external screw is turned so as to remove the valve from its seating and
allow the fluid to circulate through passages round the web into the tap
to be let off as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF DECREASING the Rolling of VESSELS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Campbell, of Founders' Court, in the
City of Loudon, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE OF DECREASING the Rolling of VESSELS."
Sealed the 27th August 1872, and dated the 22nd June 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Campbell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd June
1872.
I, JAMES CAMPBELL, of Founders' Court, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODES OF DECREASING THE ROLLING OF VESSELS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in adapting and applying to vessels longitudinal
wings or structures herein-after called "distant keels," connected to the
hull by occasional transverse overhanging girders or otherwise. The

page_text: said "distant keels" are fitted one on each side of the vessel, and by
preference in such a manner as to be sufficiently buoyant to partly
support themselves and the transvers connecting girders when afloat, in
order to interfere as little as possible with the trim of the vessel. It is
preferred that the said "distant keels" should be placed outside the
paddle wheels of steamers, and that their length should be about one-
third of that of the vessel to which they are applied. Their draft should
also be less than that of the vessel. The transverse girders or means of
connecting the "distant keels" to the vessel are made in pairs so as to
balance each other, and with their webs so formed as to allow of openings
sufficient for easy communication forward and aft at the deck level.
The object in using the "distant keels" is to render vessels of great
stability more easy by reducing the oscillations in rolling, and in the
case of new vessels their width at the water line should be reduced as
much as is consistent with their requisite strength. Longitudinal pro-
jecting pieces may also be applied to the "distant keels."
AN IMPROVED DISTILLING AND STEAKING Apparatus
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th August 1872.-A communication from abroad by Timothy
Brooks, of Weymouth, Nova Scotia.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED DISTILLING AND STEAKING
Apparatus," a communication, to be as follows:—
The said Invention relates to apparatus which is chiefly designed for
use on board seagoing vessels for obtaining fresh or sweet water by
distillation from salt or sea water. But the said apparatus is also
applicable for use in distilling other liquids, and is moreover furnished
with means for steaming vegetables and other substances.
The said apparatus is constructed as follows:-An outer cylinder or
shell is made of copper or other suitable metal, and its lower end is
formed to fit an aperture in the top of a boiler. The lower part of the
said vessel is open, so that steam from the said boiler can rise freely into

page_text: it. At a suitable height within the said cylinder the same is provided
with a cono formed of thin copper or other suitable metal. This conc
is tightly secured to the inner surface of the cylinder, and forms. a
conical-bottom for a water chamber. Around the bottom of the cone at
its.junction with the cylinder there is a circular trough or gutter. The
steam or vapour rising from the boiler is caught on the surface of the
aforesaid cono and is condensed thereon. The condensed water trickles
down the cone into. the gutter, whence it flows through a pipo or tube.
into any suitable receptacle. It is desirable to keep the cone as cool as
possible during the process of condensation, and for this purpose the
water chamber is provided with a waste pipe and stop-cock, whereby
the water can be drawn therefrom as soon as it becomes warm the
chamber being filled with fresh cold water. The said apparatus is also
provided with a pipe extending down from the water chamber to the
boiler and fitted with a stop-cock or valve, whereby the water from the
chamber can be admitted to the boiler so that the latter may be kept
properly filled without removing the apparatus.
At the upper part of the cylinder I place a perforated plate. This
plate is preferably supported upon an angle iron ring attached to the
cylinder, and forms the top of the water chamber, the. space above it
forming the steaming chamber or compartment. The vegetable or
other substances to be steamed are placed on the said perforated plate
and the water in the chamber is allowed to get hot, the steam rising
from the said water then passes up through the perforations in the plate
and fills the chamber above the same. The top of the cylinder is 2
provided with a suitable cover.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF TINNING IRON OR OTHER METALS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Toussaint at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
October 1872.
I, JOSEPH TOUSSAINT, of Spark Brook, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF TINNING IRON OR OTHER METALS," to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention consists of an improved method of and apparatus for
coating or covering iron and other metals with tin or other white metals
as follows:-The apparatus is constructed as follows, suitable for
example for coating or covering spoons or forks with white metal. It
consists of a box made in compartments with a cover at top and valve at
bottom. The aforesaid box is placed in a casing suspended by chains
from an axle or spindle placed at a suitable height and supported by
standards; a winch handle is fixed on one end of the said spindle for
imparting rotatory motion thereto for lowering the said box into a vessel
containing molten metal, and afterwards raising the box with the articles
therein out of the molten metal.

page_text: compartments as before stated, and also to impart quick rotatory motion
to the said box to drain or throw off any excess of molten metal. I also
propose in coating small articles to arrange a heater or heaters inside tho
aforesaid box to disturb or separate the articles therein that they may
be properly coated or covered with the molten metal. After the box is
immersed in the molten metal the valve is opened, and the metal free
from oxide enters and covers the articles that are to be coated there-
with.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Lomax, Joseph Lomax,
George Francis Bradbury, and Thomas Chadwick at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th May
1872.
WC, HENRY LOMAX and JOSEPH LOMAX, both of Over Darwen,
Lancashire, Sewing Machine Makers, and GEORGE FRANCIS BRADBURY
and THOMAS CHADWICK, both of Oldham, in the County aforesaid,
Sewing Machinė Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows :-
:-
This, Invention relates,—
Firstly. To the construction of mechanism for the purpose of ensuring
the formation of the loop on the shuttle side of the needle only. This
we effect by the use of apparatus herein-after described, which by taking
up a portion of the slack thread near the eye of the needle leaves a loop
on the shuttle side of the needle only.
The construction of the apparatus is as follows:-We employ a small
shaft or rod, herein-after termed "loop rod," extending horizontally from
near the driving wheel to the opposite end of the machine. On the

page_text: end of the loop rod nearest the driving wheel is a finger operated by
an eccentric on the driving shaft, imparting to the loop rod a partial
rotary or rocking motion. On the other end of the loop rod is a cranked
finger working through a slot hole, and having an eye therein, through
which the needle thread is passed. When the needle has pierced the
fabric, and is on the point of returning or making its upward motion,
the cranked finger will move laterally and draw or "take up" a portion
of the slack thread on the opposite side of the needle, and so a loop
will be formed on the shuttle side of the needle only. The taking up
of slack thread other than that immediately connected with and near
the eye
of the needle is prevented by the disc thread controller, which
we place on the end of the loop shaft, the said discs being kept in
contact by means of a spring. When the tension or grip of the thread
controller is to be removed an incline formed on the boss of the driving
wheel acts on the end of the loop shaft, moving it endwise in its
bearings, and the outer disc which is fixed to the loop rod, and is
momentarily displaced and tension on the thread removed.
Secondly. To the use of improved thread guides. These we construct
in the form of a hoop. The frame or part of the machine near to which
these are attached is recessed, the point of the hook being within the
recess, leaving sufficient space for the passage of the thread, which is
readily passed between the point of the hook and the recess, and the
threading is thus greatly facilitated.
AN IMPROVED TOY Row BOAT
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward James Lindsay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th September 1872.
I, EDWARD JAMES LINDSAY, of Putney, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED TOY
Row BOAT," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a mechanical row boat and consists of a boat
containing an automaton figure (or figures) pulling an oar or a pair of
sculls. The body of the sculler or figure is pivoted at the lower part and
is swung backwards and forwards by a lever mounted on a fulcrum
below the body pivot and passing up through the body, to which it is
connected, to work the arms, the lower end of said lever being con- 、
nected by a rod to a crank operated by clockwork. The arms of the sculler
consist of levers pivoted at the shoulders, the short extremities of which
levers are connected to the extremity of the body lever to produce the
required motions, the arms being completed by rods jointed to the levers
at the elbows, to which rods hands attached to the sculls are jointed. The
vertical motion by which the sculls are dipped into and raised out of

page_text: the water is produced by the crank before mentioned, for which purpose
the connecting rod is provided with a cross bar to which are attached
wires whose ends are bent into a horizontal position, and pass through
staples fixed to the loom of the sculls.
the water is produced by the crank before mentioned, for which purpose
the connecting rod is provided with a cross bar to which are attached
wires whose ends are bent into a horizontal position, and pass through
staples fixed to the loom of the sculls.
Two or more figures may be placed in the boat and operated in a ♬
şimilar manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON GINS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Walker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
January 1872. A communication from abroad by Thomas Sugden,
of the Firm of King and Sugden, Iron Founders, Bombay.
I, HENRY WALKER, of Greetland, in the Parish of Halifax, in the
County of York, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COTTON GINS," communicated to me
from abroad by Thomas Sugden, of the Firm of King and Sugden, Iron
Founders, Bombay, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved machinery for ginning cotton,
and consists in the application to such machinery of a roller on the
periphery of which are spiral vanes or blades extending longitudinally
from right to left and from left to right, acting in conjunction with a
fixed knife so as to feed and rub off the seeds from the cotton.
The action or effect produced by the vanes or
the cotton to the fixed, gathering the cotton as
blades is to feed
supplied by the

page_text: hopper, and exposing the same to the action or joint action of the
edges of the vanes or blades and fixed knife, and so removing the
seeds.
I prefer the roller and vanes or blades be made of zinc or white metal
so as to prevent fire through friction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN Looms FOR WEAVING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Rawson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th June
1872.
I, HENRY RAWSON, of Newtown Nelson, near Burnley, in the County
of Lancaster, Worsted Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN Looms FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows-
This Invention relates to the application and use of an improved
means and apparatus for mounting or securing the picker spindles of the
shuttle boxes of looms for weaving, whereby I am enabled to dispense
with the spindle springs heretofore employed, and obtain a ready means
of adjustment of the spindles when shortened through wear and tear, the
construction is as follows:-
I dispense with the use of the ordinary springs and bore through the
box end a hole on the line of the axis of the spindle; a slot hole is case
in the box end (intersecting the one first mentioned) within which is
received a block or piece of metal having a hole therein chased or
screwed. A set screw is passed through the block and its end is counter-

page_text: sunk to receive the end of the picker spindle which is tapered so as to fit
the countersunk hole in the end of the set scrow. A " safety nut" on
the set screw and against the outside of the box prevents the set screw
from working locse, and the bottom of the cavity in the set screw may be
packed with cork or other suitable material to prevent wear of the
spindle end through vibration.
The set screw may be applied at either end of the box and with or
without the screwed block, in the latter case the hole formed in the box
end will be chased or screwed in lieu of the block.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR USE IN EXTINGUISHING FIRE BY THE AID OF CARBONIC ACID GAS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lauchlan Alexander Entwisle.
Mac Kinnon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 14th May 1872.
I, LAUCHLAN ALEXANDER ENTWISLE MAⱭ KINNON, of No. 26, Great
St. Helen's, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR USE IN
EXTINGUISHING FIRE BY THE AID OF CARBONIC ACID GAS," to be as follows:-
The chemical properties of the substances generally used in gene-
rating carbonic acid gas when in solution, are known to deteriorate
rapidly (so far at least as regards their capability for producing the
required gas is concerned) either by exposure to the action of metallic
substances, or by exposure to atmospheric influences. They are also
liable to corrode and destroy the metallic vessels in which these several
ingredients are usually for fire-extinguishing apparatus contained.
-The object-of-this-Invention-is-to-remedy_these evils. For this
purpose I keep the several solutions or ingredients separate, and at
the same time excluded from atmospheric influences & free from
contact with metallic substances by placing each such solution in a
separate bottle or case hermetically sealed, which bottles or cases I

page_text: make of india-rubber, gutta percha, glass, non-porous earthenware, or
such like materials.
These bottles or cases with their respective contents may be kept
until required for use, either within the vessel or chamber in which the
carbonic acid gas is to be generated, or so as to be readily placed
therein when required, and they are placed there by being attached
or fixed to seats, recesses, or receptacles for them in position to be
readily acted upon by instruments, as herein-after stated, inside the
vessel or chamber to displace the stoppers of, or to puncture and simul-
taneously to squeeze, compress, or destroy such separate bottles or cases,
so as to cause the contents. of the various bottles or cases to mix with
the water with which the generator is filled and with each other.
The instruments for procuring the instantaneous release of the various
ingredients contained in the bottles, are arms or branches attached to a
spindle acting to puncture or displace the stoppers, or compress or open
the bottles or vessels, which spindle passes through a stuffing box or
packing to the outside of the vessel or generator, so as by means of a
handle to be readily acted upon by a person from the outside.. Fans or
blades are also sometimes attached to the spindle to aid the mixture of
the liquids, and thereby expedite the generation of gas.
By these means the apparatus for extinguising fires by the use of
carbonic acid gas is free from the corrosive influence of the chemicals
employed. The chemicals can be relied on to retain their full strength
and power of producing the gas for a greatly increased length of time;
the cost of construction is considerably decreased; the effectiveness
of the machine can be relied on in an emergency.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- KENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF MOVEABLE WEIRS AND SLUICES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles William Stones and
Arthur Lowcock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 24th August 1872.
We, CHARLES WILLIAM STONES, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, and ARTHUR LOWCOCK, of Salford, in the same County, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
KENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF MOVEABLE WEIRS AND
SLUICES," to be as follows :—
We employ a hollow wrought or cast iron counterbalanced self-acting
moveable weir or sluice actuated by the rise and fall of water in the
river or stream through the medium of pontoons or floats connected by
suitable rods to one or more radial arms keyed upon or attached to the
shafts of the moveable weir or sluice. These shafts work in stationary
bearings and are provided with levers and counterbalance weights.
The above described moveable counterbalanced weir or sluice is
designed to allow a flow of water below it when required, carrying away
any deposit which may accumulate on the bed of the river or stream,

page_text: and in case of flood moves to a level with the bottom of the river or
stream, leaving a full and free passage for the flood water.
We also arrange our counterbalanced moveable weirs to be worked
by manual power through the medium of suitable gearing keyed upon
the shaft ends attached to the radial arms.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLOUGHS AND OTHER TILLING IMPLEMENTS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Howard and Edward
Tenney Bousfield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 23rd March 1872.
We, JAMES HOWARD, of Bedford, in the County of Bedford,
Agricultural Engineer, and EDWARD TENNEY BOUSFIELD, of the same
Place, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLOUGHS AND OTHER TILLING
IMPLEMENTS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide for the raising of ploughs
and other tilling implements out of work by means of the draught chain
or draught rope.
When applying the Invention to ploughs and other tilling implements
having jointed beams or jointed frames, as described in a Patent granted
to J. Howard and T. Phillips, dated 3rd November 1870, No. 2898, the
draught chain is attached in the first place to an arm or pendent pro-
jection upon and underneath the fore part of the beams or framework

page_text: to which the leading wheels are fixed. The draught chain is thence
carried backward in rear of the beam joints, and passed over a guide
pulley secured to the framework, or the draught chain may be divided
and its ends attached to the opposite end of a swinging cross beam.
From this point the draught chain is brought forward to the head of the

page_text: attendant the draught rope will cause the pulley or its axle to turn on
its bearings and thereby lift the frame and bring the tilling implements
out of the ground to permit of the turning of the implement. This
operation may be effected by the taut rope either at the end or at the
commencement of its action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIANOFORTES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Abdank de Laskarzewski
and Henry Kehrmann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 1st May 1872.
We, CHARLES ABDANK DE LASKARZEWSKI, of Coventry Street, and
HENRY KEHRMANN, of West Brompton, both in the County of Middle-
sex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIANOFORTES," to be as follows :-
This Invention consists in improvements in the manufacture of piano-
fortes by which it is proposed to use in lieu of the cords at present in
use a series of tuning forks so arranged that the hammers strike
against them, thus producing a sound of longer duration, greater
brilliancy, and nobler quality of tone than could be obtained by the
uso of cords.
This apparatus is fitted in two or more boxes or cases, which.answer
the purpose of sounding boards, and by a certain movement applied
either to the cases or tuning forks the crescendo will be much im-
proved.
-
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD FOR APPLYING COLOUR OR TINTS TO THE SURFACES OF PHOTOGRAPHS OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Reeves Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st March 1872.-A communication from abroad by Henry Vander
Weyde and Oliver Sarony, both of New York, in the United States
of America.
I, GEORGE REEVES SMITH, of the Firm of Sarony and Company, of
Scarborough, in the County of York, Photographers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD FOR
APPLYING COLOUR OR TINTS TO THE SURFACES OF PHOTOGRAPHS OR OTHER SURFACES,"
a communication to me from abroad by Henry Vander Weyde and
Oliver Sarony, both of New York, in the United States of America, to
be as follows (that is to say) :-
The purpose of this Invention is two-fold:-First, to produce by a rapid
and easy process stippled tints of any shade or colour over the back-
grounds and other parts of photographs, albuminized and other surfaces,
which will have the appearance of having been produced at the expense
of a vast amount of labour and artistic skill. These stippled tints have
thus far only been successfully produced by good artists after years of
practice using a fine brush charged with wet colour and dotting one
stipple or stroke at a time.

page_text: Second, to fix dry colours or tints on albuminized or other surfaces
which have never before been fixed or even applied to albuminized or
glossy surfaces.
This improved method consists of rubbing with the aid of a soft pad
dry colours or tints in any kind, condition, or form and fine pulverized
pumice stone or its equivalent, using them together or separate on the
albuminized or other surface until it adheres by penetrating into the
grain of the same.
In this way is secured in an incredibly short time all the advantages
of the customary method, while the result obtained is even superior in
artistic appearance and atmospheric effect to the most laborious and
highly finished productions.
This improved method must not be confounded with any old methods
of applying dry colours or tints to surfaces, as they are all superficially
applied, which have a dead, opaque, flat, chalky effect and can be
readily blown or rubbed off, while they will not ever temporarily adhere
to albuminized surfaces, while according to this improved method dry
tints can be applied to any surface, cannot be rubbed or blown off by
ordinary means, and the effect is atmospherically transparent, and looks
by no means opaque or chalky but like the laborious artistic manipula-
tions of a fine wet brush.
A NEW OR IMPROVED STOCKING OR HOSE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Griffith Brewer, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st May 1872.—A communication from abroad by Charles James
Appleton, of Hamilton, Canada.
I, EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 89, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED STOCKING OR HOSE," a communication
to me from abroad by Charles James Appleton, of Hamilton, Canada,
to be as follows: : -
In carrying out this Invention the stocking from the calf of the leg
downwards, including the ankle or foot portion, is made of "plain.
stitching" or knitting as performed by what is termed a " circular
stocking loom," with a continuous thread of yarn, and all from the
base of the cap up to the mouth or top of the stocking is made of what
is termed "tuck stitching," as made by the circular knitting machine
or stocking loom, with a continuous thread or yarn. These kinds of
knitting are well understood by persons engaged in the trade or in the
manufacture of stockings or fabrics of like nature. The object of so
making a stocking is to obtain a smaller ankle and a wider calf for a

page_text: stocking knitted or formed in a circular knitting loom, also to render
it easier to "board" the stocking. By this mode of making a stocking
the disadvantage of its being the same width at ankle, calf, and top,
is removed from the "circular stockings'
" as heretofore made in the
circular power knitting loom used therefor. A stocking made in accord-
ance with this Invention after being boarded or washed will retain its
proper shape and will fit the leg with great comfort to the wearer,
as its tension on the leg is nearly if not entirely uniform from the
ankle up.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF DRY METERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Alder at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th August
1872.
I, HENRY ALDER, of Edinburgh, North Britain, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF DRY METERS," to be as follows :-
My Invention has reference to dry meters, the exterior being formed
of tin plate, and the object is to preserve the tin bottom thereof from.
corrosion caused by being fixed in damp places, which corrosion renders
these meters useless in a very short time.
In order to prevent the corrosion of the bottom, I provide a chamber
which forms part of the case below the original bottom; this I fill with
pitch, solidified oil, resin, or their equivalents. By this arrangement
the atmosphere and damp are prevented from coming in contact and
acting upon the bottom of the meter, thereby preventing the corrosion
which takes place at the bottom of dry meters of ordinary construction.
-
In some cases I dispense with the use of pitch, solidified oil, resin,
or their equivalents and make the chamber perfectly air-tight; this also
prevents the moisture from coming in contact with the original bottom,
and also prevents corrosion.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS TO ENABLE THEM TO BURN HYDROCARBON OILS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Gardner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the. 26th
April 1872.
I, EDMUND GARDNER, of No. 453, West Strand, Charing Cross, in
the County of Middlesex, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS TO ENABLE
THEM TO BURN HYDROCARBON OILS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to constructing those lamps known as mode-
rator, carcel, and others of a similar nature, so that hydrocarbon and
other volatile oils can be burnt in them, or ordinary oils, as desired, and
consists in forming the upper part below the wickholder of cylindrical
shape from solid sheet metal cased in at top and bottom. The top is
preferably soldered to the wick outer tube by an inclined ring or fillet,
so that the overflow is free to pass down into the well again in a cold
state and without fear of an explosion occuring. The oil is prevented
from rising within the burner beyond a certain level by means of slits or
orifices made through the outer case of the burner, so that the oil in
rising to the level of these flows out and is led away through the tube
.

page_text: presently mentioned. The lower part of the cylinder may be soldered
to the bottom edge of the wick inner tube, which is as usual open down
the centre. A small tube from the bottom side or other part of the
reservoir conveys the superfluous oil to the body of the lamp, or I may
lead a tube from the burner itself down to the body of the lamp either &
from its outside or its inside.
By the use of my Invention highly inflammable oils can be burned in
perfect safety as well as ordinary non-explosive oils, a circumstance not
hitherto obtainable in moderator, carcel, or lamps of a similar character,
as at present constructed.
1
AN IMPROVEMENT IN TOOLS OR INSTRUMENTS IN USE FOR DRAWING SAMPLES OF BUTTER, LARD, CHEESE, TALLOW, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES, OR EITHER OF SAID SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Yule at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd October
1872.
I, GEORGE YULE, of Wakefield Street, London, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN TOOLS OR INSTRUMENTS IN USE FOR DRAWING SAMPLES OF
BUTTER, LARD, CHEESE, TALLOW, AND OTHER LIKE SUBSTANCES, OR EITHER OF SAID
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
An appliance for adjustment on said sampling tools or instruments,
by the use of which they can be freed from the sample in or on them
held or contained, and such arrangements as are necessary for adjusting
said appliance, or said tools or instruments, and for confining it to the
same. This appliance and the arrangements and mechanism connected
therewith can be constructed and made for adaptation to the various
forms, shapes, or descriptions of sampling tools, the object to be
attained however in all cases being the same, namely, the presentation
of a surface which can be moved along the sampling tool, and which
being driven against the sample will expel said sample from the
sampling tool, that is, will divest said tool of said sample.

page_text: In Figure I of the accompanying Drawings this appliance is in the
form of a flat circular plate (of which the back is shown) with
mechanism, constructed and made for application to an equal grooved
sampling tool, the dotted semicircular lines shewing the hole through
which the tool passes. In this Drawing the part A fits round the
outside of the sampling tool, while B fits in the groove, and each being
acted on by a spring give steadiness to the appliance on sampling tool,
as well as keep any part of the sample from entering or passing through
the hole in plate. But this mechanism is capable of variation, and the
plate can be made of any desired shape.
In Figure II of the accompanying Drawings the appliance is shewn
in position on the sampling tool, and the mechanism is cased in. The
two knobs marked A in this Drawing are for the purpose of confining
the appliance to the sampling tool, but said appliance can also be
confined to the sampling tool by other means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IGNITIBLE LIGHTS OR MATCHES, AND IN SOME OF THE MATERIALS OF WHICH THEY ARE COMPOSED; AND IN HOLDERS, RECEIVERS, OR BOXES FOR HOLDING THE SAME
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Pidding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
December 1872.
I, WILLIAM PIDDING, of the City Road, in the County of Middlsex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IGNITIBLE LIGHTS OR MATCHES,
AND IN SOME OF THE MATERIALS OF WHICH THEY ARE COMPOSED; AND IN HOLDERS,
RECEIVERS, OR BOXES FOR HOLDING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
Firstly. I purpose using for the body or stem of my light or
match, ignitible by means of friction or otherwise, any non-inflamable
material or matter, such as metal, stone (artificial or natural) stoneware,
cement, or any compounds thereof, glass, bone, horn, ivory, or any
other non-inflamable matter or material suitable for my purposes,
in whatever shape or form used.
I may prefer in some cases to manufacture the body or stem of my
herein-before described match (ignitible by means of friction or other-
wise) hollow, and in such cases I purpose stopping or filling the ends
of such hollow body of my match (as herein-before described) with

page_text: any non-inflamable matter or material. I sometimes prefer to perforate
one or both ends of the body or stem of my herein-before described
match, in order that an inflamable matter or liquid, semi-liquid, or
solid, may enter through the perforations described, the hollow stem or
body of my match, and when I make or form such herein-before
described perforations at both ends of the hollow body or stem of my
match I stop or fill up the hollow with any suitable matter, at or about
the centre thereof, in order to prevent ignition taking place at both
ends simultaneously.
Secondly. I purpose dipping the ends (say about half an inch from
their extreme ends) of the hercin-before described body or stem of my
match into any suitable inflamable material or composition, say for
two instances brimstone and phosphorous, and afterwards to. place
and fasten on to their extreme ends any of the well known explosive
compounds ignitible by means of friction or otherwise. For holders
or boxes for my improved matches or lights, obtainable by means of
friction or otherwise, I manufacture them (in whatever shape or size
suitable) in two compartments, one being for holding the match or
light (as herein-before described) ready for use, the other for receiving
the stem or body of the match or light after its ignition or ignitible
ends have been used.
Having explained the nature and particulars of my said Invention
and improvements I wish it to be understood that what I claim is, tho
utilizing and economizing the use of the material or substance of which
I compose the body or stem of my lights or matches, as also in the
construction of the holders or boxes for the same, by which means
I divide the used from the unused matches or ignitble lights by
means of friction or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED IN FIREWORKS AND FOR SIGNALLING PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th March 1872.-A communication from abroad by Emile Aimé
Alexandre Lamarre, of Paris, in the Republic of France, Chemist.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS TO BE USED IN FIREWORKS
AND FOR SIGNALLING PURPOSES," a communication to me from abroad by
Emile Aimé Alexandre Lamarre, of Paris, in the Republic of France;
Chemist, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain new compositions to be used in
fireworks and for signalling either on land or sea at long distances,
and consists essentially in the combination of a suitably oily, fatty, or
resinous substance with a combustible substance, with or without the
addition of a coloring matter according as the flame is to be colored or
white, the whole being worked into a paste of greater or less stiffness
according to the purposes to which it is to be applied.
Whatever may be the color of the flame the same bases are employed
in the compositions, namely, chlorate of potash, and hoiled linseed

page_text: oil or thick turpentine or resins rendered soft by admixture with oil
alcohol, or essences.
A good white flame may be produced by the following ingredient
and proportions, but the proportions herein-after mentioned may be
varied according to the intensity and duration of the light required: :-
Chlorate of potash
Sulphuret of antimony
Boiled linseed oil
-
For a red light or flame :--
Chlorate of potash
Nitrate or other salt of strontia
Wood charcoal
-
-
1,000 parts by weight.
-
100
do.
-
150
do.
-
500 parts by weight.
.500
50
do.
do.
Boiled linseed oil in quantity sufficient to make a paste,
For a green light or flame :-
Chlorate of potash
-
500 parts by weight.
Nitrate or other salt of baryta
-
500
do.
-
Wood charcoal
Boiled linseed oil sufficient to make a paste.
50
do.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIRT COLLARS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Taylor at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
November 1872.
I, EDWIN TAYLOR, of 22, Woodstock Road, Finsbury Park,
Holloway, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIRT COLLARS," to be as follows:-
These improvements in shirt collars consist in having one or more
insertions or openings made therein, at the back or sides, of sufficient
size so as to admit freely of passing the necktie, band of stock, or
other similar article used with collars. Instead of insertions or
openings loops of any suitable material may be attached thereto.
The object of this Invention is to fix or retain the necktie, band of
stock, or similar article in its natural position, so as to prevent the
slipping, moving, or rising of the aforesaid necktie, band of stock,
or similar article used for such purpose.
IMPROVED FIRE INDICATING APPARATUS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Solomon Sanderson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
May 1872.
I, SOLOMON SANDERSON, partner in the Firm trading under the style
or name of Sanderson and Proctor, Electricians, of Huddersfield, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED FIRE INDICATING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
Under certain Letters Patent ganted to me 20th July 1871, No. 1899,
for "Improvements in Apparatus for Extinguishing Fires," I described
certain apparatus comprising the adoption of a battery and electro-
magnet put in action by fire or heat acting on the mercury of a
thermometer, the wires of the battery being connected with such
thermometer and also with the electro-magnet. In the Specification
of that Patent when describing the apparatus aforesaid, no mention is
made of a whistle or alarum for sounding an alarm when opening the
cock or valve. By my present Invention therefore I provide arrange-
ments for actuating a whistle in connection with other suitable arrange-
ments, that is to say :-
I apply to the fire extinguishing apparatus, such for instance as
that described in my former Specification aforesaid a whistle or alarum

page_text: fitted to the valve or cock for letting off steam or other fire extin-
guishing fluid.
I also when required apply in connection with the battery as aforesaid
an arrangement consisting of an electro-magnet acting on the end of
a rocking arm or armature which works on a centre, the other end of
this rocking arm or armature being connected with a lever provided
with a balance weight, such lever being connected to the axis of a cock
or tap which is thus opened by the combined action of the electro-
magnet and balance weight.
When thought desirable I make provision to release a clockwork 1
alarum, which I accomplish by having a weight or spring held in sub-
jection with or by a pin or ratchet being released by the afore-mentioned
electro-magnet armature or rock lever, allowing said weight or spring to
act upon and ring a bell or sound a gong.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VESUVIANS, FUZEES, OR OTHER MATCHES USED LIGHTING PIPES, CIGARS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Ward at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
February 1872.
I, EDWARD WARD, of Southport, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VESUVIANS, FUZEES, OR OTHER MATCHES USED
LIGHTING PIPES, CIGARS, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
FOR
My Invention consists in coating the ends of splints of wood, such
as are used in the manufacture of vesuvians or other cigar or pipe lights,
with a petrifying or non-combustible substance, for the purpose of
preventing the charcoal or igniting composition forming the head of the
match from burning through the stem or splint, and allowing the head
to fall off during the process of lighting cigars, pipes, and other similar
articles. To effect this object I use any non-combustible substance,
such as a combination of silicate of soda with well washed and finely
powdered chalk, the two substances being mixed to the consistency of
paint, but any non-combustible silicate paint or composition will have
the desired effect.

page_text: The non-combustible composition I apply to the splints used in the
manufacture thus:-The splints being framed have their ends dipped
in the non-combustible composition about one half inch from the end,
and are allowed to dry hanging down, so that the tip of each will form
a slight bulb larger at the lower end. The splints will dry in about a
twelve hours. They are then taken and dipped in the igniting com-
position as used in the ordinary manufacture, and thus finished. The
object attained being the bulb of non-combustible substance round the
splint prevents the igniting composition from falling off, as the non-
combustible bulb forms a cap and holds to the splint, thus preventing -
the igniting composition from detaching itself when burnt.