NEW AND IMPROVED COMBUSTIBLE COAL PRO COMBUSTIBLE COAL BRICKS, AND MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING AND SOLIDIFYING THE SAME
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris,
France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, for the Invention of "NEW AND IMPROVED COMBUSTIBLE COAL
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Adrien
Bonneville at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 7th December 1874.
I, HENRI ADRIEN Bonneville, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 18, Rue de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent 'Agent, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "NEW AND IMPROVED COMBUSTIBLE COAL BRICKS,
AND MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING AND SOLIDIFYING THE SAME," communicated to

page_text: me by Simeon Oustalet, a person resident at La Villette, France,
Engineer, to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to obtaining an easy regular combustion, and a
permanent radiation of the caloric by the consumption of combustible
coal bricks; and consists in the manufacturing of the same with solid
and perforated parts, so as to allow the radiation of the caloric and also
the air required to feed and activate the combustion to pass through,
and also consists in the apparatus for manufacturing the same. This
apparatus consists of a solid iron mould, the bottom of which is cast
with solid and perforated parts, which are reproduced in the coal bricks
when made. The matter of which the bricks are composed is poured
into the mould, which is placed under a piston, below the head of a
powerful forcing press. This piston is provided with plungers, the lower
ends of which come to a point, and the sides of the upper parts of the
said plungers are vertical and rectangular. In lowering the piston by
means of the press screw the plungers descend and easily penetrate with
their sharp points the matter in the mould from top to bottom. The
sharp points enter the perforations of the bottom of the mould. The
matter is then compressed laterally by the plungers, and downwards by
the lower face of a moveable iron plate below the lower face of the
piston. This latter being lifted up by moving in a contrary direction the
press screw, the manufactured coal brick strongly adhering to the move-
able plate is carried up, and its separation from this plate is brought
about by means of the continued ascent of the piston. This moveable
plate having perforations corresponding to those of the mould through
which the plongers pass the latter continue to ascend, whilst the plate is
stopped in its ascent at the required height by striking against shoulders
in the framework of the apparatus, the piston continuing its ascent,
which frees the coal brick from the plungers, the said coal brick being
received on a small board placed underneath to catch it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th June 1875.
MA ATT Ma ΤΟ ΠΟΜ mn
DDESENTA
SHALL COME T HENDI

page_text: de la Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, France, and 6, Piccadilly, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, Her special
licence that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henri Adrien
Bonneville, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "NEW AND IMPROVED COMBUSTIBLE COAL BRICKS, AND MACHINERY
FOR COMPRESSING AND SOLIDIFYING THE SAME," communicated to me by
Simeon Oustalet, a person resident at La Villette, France, Engineer,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henri Adrien
Bonneville, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and, ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The Invention relates to obtaining an easy regular combustion, and a
permanent radiation of the caloric by the consumption of combustible
coal bricks; and consists in the manufacturing of the same with solid
and perforated parts, so as to allow the radiation of the caloric and also
the air required to feed and actuate the combustion to pass through,
and also consists in the apparatus for manufacturing the same. T'his
apparatus consists of a solid iron mould, the bottom of which is cast
with solid and perforated parts, which are reproduced in the coal bricks
when made. The matter of which the bricks are composed is poured

page_text: into the mould, which is placed under a piston, below the head of a
powerful forcing press. This piston is provided with plungers, the lower
ends of which come to a point, and the sides of the upper parts of the
said plungers are vertical and rectangular. In lowering the piston by
means of the press screw the plungers descend and easily penetrate with
their sharp points the material in the mould from top to bottom. The
sharp points enter the perforations of the bottom of the mould. The
matter is then compressed laterally by the plungers, and downwards by
the lower face of a moveable iron plate below the lower face of the
piston. This latter being lifted up by moving in a contrary direction the
press screw, the manufactured coal brick strongly adhering to the move-
able plate is carried up, and its separation from this plate is brought
about by means of the continued ascent of the piston. This moveable
plate having perforations corresponding to those of the mould through
which the plungers pass the latter continue to ascend, whilst the plate is
stopped in its ascent at the required height by striking against shoulders
in the framework of the apparatus, the piston continuing its ascent,
which frees the coal brick from the plungers, the said coal brick being
received on a small board placed underneath to catch it.
Having thus briefly described the said Invention, I now proceed to do
so more particularly, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
in which Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the mould and piston for
making the bricks, combined with a compressing apparatus; Fig. 2, a
side elevation of the same; and Figs. 3 to 12 isolated views of the mould
and manufactured bricks.
The mould, the bottom of which is shown, Fig. 3, and the section,
Fig. 4, is filled as above stated with the ordinary matter for coal bricks,
viz., coal dust in variable proportions, and a tenth part, or more or less,
of pitch or any other glutinous substance. This mould being filled, as
shown, Fig. 4, it might be feared that the brick matter should be oozed
out through the holes, but they being only one and a half centimetres
wide, said matter, except in the section just beneath the holes, is perfectly
kept up. Moreover, immediately after the first pressure, the lower parts
of the said holes are fitted with the matter just pushed in by the plungers
of the compressing piston, as shown, Fig. 9. The matter pressed into the
bottom of the holes acts as a support to the new matter which is thrown
into the mould.

page_text: The compressing piston represented, Fig. 5, is operated by a powerful
screw A, or any other mechanical contrivance. When its plungers, of
the shape and size shown, Fig. 6, are lowered down on the matter they
easily penetrate on account of their free ends being somewhat sharp
edged.
The piston is represented, Fig. 8, at the end of its stroke, when the
matter is compressed and the brick formed. The pressure is exercised
sideways by the penetrating plungers, and horizontally by the flat surface
of the piston. When the matter just beneath the plungers of the piston
has been pushed through the holes in the bottom of the mould, as shown
in Fig. 8, the moulded matter is shaped in two grates, similar to those
shewn in plan, Fig. 7, and in section, Fig. 9.
The taking off from the mould is obtained by raising the piston. The
surface of the coal brick adherent to the piston is three times greater
than that adherent to the mould, on account of the three knives E, F, G,
which have cut and compressed the matter against their sides, when they
fall into the hollows E', F', G' (Figs. 5 and 3).
.
The taking off the coal brick from the plungers is effected by means
of the moveable and solid iron plates A, B, and C, D, half a centimetre
wide, which are exactly perforated to correspond with the bottom of the
mould, as shown, Fig. 7, and these may be slid down guided by the
plungers. The taking off from the mould is then obtained by means of
these two plates, which are kept in position by the needles N, O, P, Q,
(Fig. 9), sliding in the body of the compressing piston. These needles
are provided with springs, keeping said plates in their position when the.
brick has been got rid of, so as to prevent their falling down. After the
compression, when the piston is raised up, the needles N, O, P, Q, meeting
with an abutment which acts as a stopper, and is secured to the frame-
work of the machine, cannot be raised again, so that the moveable
plates A, B, and C, D, being united to these needles are similarly
stopped, and the piston alone keeps in motion, and so compels its
plungers to let fall the brick, as shown, Fig. 9. The coal brick is then
received on a board, which is presented beneath the compressing piston
during its ascent. As to the two moveable plates, once arrived at the
position shown in Fig. 9, they cannot be lowered further, being kept in
position by the needles N, O, P, Q, which pass through the piston body,
and are secured in their upper part by means of springs. Thus the

page_text: plates are in position for the next operation. Through the body of the
compressing piston pass a certain number of needles M, I, J, K, Fig. 9,
connected with a projection L, M, on the framework in which the screw
opening the piston moves. When the piston is raised up the moveable
plates A, B, C, D, are stopped and kept in position by the said needles,
but the piston ending its stroke the plungers leave the coal brick, so that
according to the power of the screw and the size of the mould four, six,
or more coal bricks can be moulded at the same time. It is also possible
to increase or diminish their thickness, and to change their form and the
disposition of the perforations.

page_text: mould for manufacturing the same, constructed substantially as above
lescribed and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.