An Improved Apparatus for Spraying Liquid Fuel into Furnaces.
Year: 1899

page_text: Reprinted as amended in accordance with the decision of the Comptroller General
dated the 2nd day of July 1902.
Date of Application, 3rd May, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 10th Mar.,
1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Apparatus for Spraying Liquid Fuel into Furnaces.
I, HENRY FREDERICK SWAN, of Walker Shipyard, Newcastle, in the County of
Northumberland, Shipbulder. (A communication from abroad by John D. Swensson
of St Petersburg) do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows
My invention consists of an apparatus for spraying liquid fuel so as to inject the
same into the furnaces of steam boilers in a suitable condition for combustion.
I effect this by means of a suitably designed burner or injector made of brass or
other suitable metal and of such a form that the liquid fuel when pumped into it,
receives a vortex motion and on being discharged from the orifice, which is of a
special design, is completely vaporized or sprayed.
The pressure under which the oil issues from the burner is produced by means of
a pump which draws the liquid fuel from a suitable tank, and discharges it into the
burner or burners under a pressure which varies in different circumstances.
The fluidity of the fuel is ensured by forming a steam jacket round the pump body
and thus raising the temperature of the fuel as it passes through.
If it is found necessary, I sometimes arrange for a jet of steam either direct from
the boiler or some other convenient steam connection, or it may be superheated, to be
mixed with the oil to assist gasification.
The orifice of the burner is fitted with a small tongue of suitable material' to
complete the vaporising or spraying of the liquid fuel.
An Improved Apparatus for spraying
qu
(A communication from abroad by John D. Swensson of St Petersburg)
I, HENRY FREDERICK SWAN, of Walker Shipyard, Newcastle, in the County of
Northumberland, Shipbuilder. do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for spraying liquid fuel; so

page_text: that it may be injected into the furnaces of steam boilers in a suitable condition for
combustion without the aid of steam, air, or other vapour. I effect this by means of
a cylindrical vessel in and through which the liquid fuel is forced by means of a small
pump. This vessel has, at the end through which the fuel enters the furnace, a small
cylindrical drum with a diaphragın at each end pierced with a suitable number of
holes. At the end of this drum the chamber through which the fuel passes is made
of such a curve as to impart a vortex motion to its contents. The pump draws the
liquid fuel from a suitable tank and discharges it into the burner or burners under a
pressure which varies in different circumstances. The fluidity of the fuel is ensured
by forming a steam jacket round the body of the pump, thus raising the temperature
of the fuel as it passes through.
The regulation of the supply is effected by means of a cylindrical spindle which is
adjusted by means of a long rod passing through suitably packed glands. A small
steel pointer is fixed in a suitable position on the stuffing box, and a scale is marked
upon the spindle so that the supply of the fuel can be maintained at any fixed point
which may be desired.
Immediately in front of the orifice through which the liquid fuel issues from the
burner a small tongue is fitted for effecting the final division of the liquid fuel and
completing its vaporising or spraying.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig 1 is a vertical longitudinal section.
Fig 2 is a plan, partly in section.
Figs 3, 4 and 5 are detail views of the tongue on an enlarged scale.
a a is the cylindrical body of the device. 6 is the union for connecting the supply
of oil under pressure from the pump. c is a nozzle-piece screwed to the body a and truly
bored to receive the cylindrical drum d. The drum d is formed with diaphragms d¹ d¹
which are pierced with a series of holes d² in annular positions. e is a chamber
formed in the nozzle piece the inner wall of which is so curved (as shown) as to
impart a vortex motion to the passing fuel. f is a central spindle fitted to the drum.
g is a spring compressed between the front diaphragm di of the drum d and the
shoulder f¹ of the spindle, whereby the spindle f. is pressed backwards against the rod m.
The front end of the spindle f is coned so as to more or less throttle the area of the
nozzle or part at c¹. The spindle f is also provided with a second shoulder at f³ to
prevent it being driven too far by the rod m. h is a cylindrical cap fitted to the
nozzle-piece c, the cap having openings for the passage of air at h³, and one for the
passage of the spray at h².
Referring to Figs 1, 3, 4 and 5, k is a small tongue formed of suitable material,
the shank of which is held in a groove formed in the nozzle-piece c, as shown in
Fig 1. Fig 3 is an enlarged side view of the tongue. Fig 4 is a front view of the
same and Fig 5 is a section on the line x x of Fig 3. The knife edge thus
presented to the current of spray effects its final division into minute infinitesima!
atoms; The-form-of-the-tongue-may--be-varied, its essential feature is being the
presentation of a sharp edge to the current of spray.
m is a cylindrical spindle screw threaded at m¹ and passing through a stuffing box
and gland, as shown. n is a hand wheel for regulating the position of the spindle m,
and, consequently, the conical end of the spindle f. m² are scale lines formed upon
the spindle and p is a fixed pointer for indicating, by means of the scale lines m², the
exact position of the spindles m and f.
'
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1 In-an-apparatus-for-spraying liquid fuel-as-aforesaid, the-application--and-use
of a numa suelased-of-wartially enclosed-in-a-steam-incket-substantially-as-and-for

page_text: 2-In-an-apparatus for spraying liquid-fuel-as-aforesaid, the--combination of a
eylinder-a;-union-b-nozzle-piece creylindrical-drum d-and perforated-diaphragms-d'
the-nozzle-piece-having a chamber-or-wall-e-the-wall of which is so formed as to
impart-a-vortex motion to the travelling fuel; the diaphragms-supporting and
guiding a-throttling spindle-f, the--position-of-which-is-regulated by the-adjustable
spindle-m-substantially-as described.
3. In-an-apparatus for-spraying liquid fuel as aforesaid,-the-combination there-
with-of-a-tongue-k-fitted-in-line with the current of spray whereby the same-is-
divided into-infinitesimal atoms, substantially-as-described.
In an apparatus for spraying liquid fuel as described, the use of a tongue k
fitted in line with the current of spray whereby the same is divided into minute
atoms, the said tongue having the shape of a pointed pyramid as shown in Figs. 3, 4
and 5
Dated 23rd January 1900
HENRY FREDERICK SWAN
By George Downing & Sons
Chartered Patent Agents 8 Quality Court London WC