CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING, CARDING, ROVING, AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, Jonn
GEORGE BODMER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventh day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-two, and in the fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said John George Bodmer, Her
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said John
George Bodmer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others
as I, the said John George Bodmer, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of." CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING, CARDING, ROVING, AND SPINNING COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso that I, the said John George Bodmer, shall cause a particular descrip-
tion of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John George Bodmer, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Inventiou,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, (that is to say):-
My Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Cleaning, Carding,
Roving, and Spinning Cotton and other Fibrous Substances, apply principally
to such machines as have been previously fully detailed and described in the
Specifications of my former Patents, but particularly to those described under
Letters Patent, granted to me by Her present Majesty, dated Twenty-second
October, One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, the Specification of
which was duly enrolled in the Office of the Rolls Chapel. My present
improvement will be best explained by reference to the two Sheets of
Drawings accompanying these Presents, in which they are distinctly repre-
sented in the several Figures, shewing their respective application to the
various machines for preparing and spinning cotton, &c.
In Sheet 1, Figure 1 is a section through the beater, Figure 2, a section
through the wire drum and lap machine, and Figure 3, ground plan of an
improved blower, by which I produce narrow laps of four or five inches in
breadth, more or less, as may be required; to this blower I apply my
improved lap frame, see Figures 4 and 5, with the doffing knife. As
the feeder and the beater drum have been explained in previous Patents
granted to me, and as the common beater may also be used, I confine my
description to the mode I adopt for collecting the cotton coming from a beater
of thirty-six inches or more or less in length, on to a wire cloth which forms
it into a narrow lap of five inches more or less. The cotton coming from the
brater a, shewn by a dotted line in Figure 1, is drawn by the current of air
produced by the fan through the flue b, running parallel to the axis of the
beater, and is collected in the usual manner upon the surface of the narrow
wire cloth c, and which deposits it on an endless beltd, of any description now
known and in use, which brings it between the delivering rollers e, and press
rollers, to the lap machine.
I claim the forming of one single narrow lap, say of five inches or more
or less in width, from the produce of a beater and feeding apparatus of the
usual or any convenient width, and the arrangement of the different parts by
which this effect is produced. I also claim the adaptation of my improved lap
machine to the said blower.
The lap machine, partly shown in Figures 4 an i 5, has already been described
in the Specification of my Patent of One thousand eight hundred and thirty-
eight, and I haveonly to explain the improvementsconsisting ofthedoffingknife

page_text: and the mechanism by which it is worked. g is the lap roller, the surface of
which is cut in the shape of diamonds. The bobbin h is covered with flannel,
and has just been brought into the position in which it is shewn by the mo-
tion of the crank i, and which is described in the Specification of my Patent of
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight. Instead of tearing the lap and
laying it over the empty bobbin / by hand, as therein described, I perform the
same by my self-acting doffing knife k, which enters between the full bobbin /,
and the empty one h, at the very moment the latter takes its position upon the
lap roller
g. The crank i, marked p in the Specification of my Patent of One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight, which causes the shaft m to revolve,
and by means of the pinions n, fixed on the shaft m, gearing in the wheels o,
changed the position of the bobbins land h, and causes the doffing knife k to
perform the motion already described by means of the excentric, P, the rod
9.
and the elbow lever r, moving on the shaft of the lap roller g; at the end of
the elbow lever r, a stud s, is fixed, upon which the knife k moves, and this
knife is guided by the pin t, which works in the groove u of the guide plate v.
The full lap is now removed from its place, and the knife laid back by
hand or caused to recede as the bobbin h is filling, till it arrives in the
place marked in red lines, and by the mechanism already described it will
descend and the pin t will pass down between the ribs or beads wand x, and
lift up in its passage the click y, which closes after the pint has arrived in the
groove u, in which groove it is guided upwards to separate the lap of cotton,
as already described. The counterpoises, shewn in dotted lines in Figure 4,
causes the click y to close when the pint has passed.
I claim the mode of cutting the sliver or lap of a lap machine by a self-
acting tool or knife instead of separating it with the hand; and also the
mechanism by which this is accomplished.
Figure 6 is an elevation, and Figure 7 a section of part of a carding
engine, representing an improved mechanism of my mode of clearing or
stripping flats or top cards, and in Figure 6 is also shewn in section
the adaptation of my improved main cylinder clearer. The dotted circle a
represents a crank motion, which is connected by gearing with the doffer
in such proportion as to form one revolution in about four minutes,
or more or less. 6 is a connecting rod, working the elbow lever
has its fulcrum upon the radial arm d. Suppose now the crank a in motion
in the direction of the arrow, and the connecting rod 6 acting upon the elbow
lever c, it will cause the friction roller e, at the other end of the elbow lever c,
to rise until it touches the elbow click fat", by which the said roller is pre-
vented from rising any higher, and therefore, the radial arm d is compelled-to-
C
which

page_text: move in the direction of its arrow until the friction roller e arrives at the
mark X in the groove g of the bracket g*, shewn by dotted lines; the radial
arm & vibrates in a groove d*, turned on the same bush won which the
rim n revolves. The weights r, on the lower part of the radial arms d, are
for the purpose of counter-balancing the weight of the flats when carried from
No. 1 to No 8. When the friction roller e arrives at x in the groove g, the
slide , which moves in the radial arm d, will have arrived directly under the
.centre of the flat No. 1; the friction roller e,which is still compelled to move
on by the rod b, will follow the radial groove g, and thereby elevate the slide h,
which will, with its forked end k, in its passage upwards, take hold of the flat
end of the trunnions i of the flat No. 1, and lift the flat up until the roller e
arrives at the top of the groove g, in the position marked in red. The elbow
click f, which partly covers the groove g, is lifted up by the roller e, and as the
connecting rod b is still advancing, the flat No. 1, which has been thus elevated,
is now shifted over the guides 7, which it touches with its set screws) into the
position marked in red; and in its passage over the rollers m, the cotton is
stripped off the cards of the flats in a manner similar to that explained in the
Specification of my Patentof One thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight. By
this time the crank a will have performed half its revolution, the elbow
click will have resumed the position in which it is drawn, and the friction
roller e, in returning in the direction of the red arrow, will be prevented from
moving down the groove g, by the click f, over which it will pass, the slide h
will remain elevated, and the flat No. 1 will be brought over all the flats
Nos. 2, 3, 4, &c. to above the place of the flat No. 8, as shewn in blue. A
pin o, fixed into the disc of the crank a, and which takes into the slots will
by this time have advanced the rims n, with the seven remaining flats, the
distance of one space, and an empty space will be ready to receive the flat
No. 1, drawn in blue above, into which it will be lowered before the rod 6 will
have taken the position in which it is now shewn. The friction roller e, on its
passage down in the radial groove of the bracket g*, will cause the projecting
end of the elbow click f, marked *, to recede, and again take the position in
which it is drawn. The pin t, on which the friction roller e revolves, works
loose in the elbow lever c, and takes into the slot u of the slide h, by means of
a T head at its end, see Figure 7*. The bush w, cast of one piece with the
bracket g*, is fixed to the frame by means of a circular flange x, for the pur.
pose of regulating the position of the bracket g*, without altering the position
of the centre of the bush w.
P,
I consider the improvement now described of great importance, because
of the simplicity and strength of the mechanism, and the improved position

page_text: of the stripping rollers m, as the fibres which hang down from the cards
are in a more favorable position to be taken hold of by the rollers m,
which may be driven by strap and pullies, or by gearing from any of the
slow moving rollers of the carding engine. For the purpose of bringing
the flat next the doffer nearer to the cylinder than that next the feeder,
and of regulating that distance, the inside of the brass stop q, which is
shewn in section in Figure 7, is made excentric to its outside, so that in
changing its position the space between the main cylinder and the different
flats may be varied as required.
I claim the arrangement of mechanism by which the flats or top cards are
shifted and stripped, and which I consider a material improvement upon that
described in my former Patent.
I am now going to explain the adaptation of my improved main cylinder
clearer to this carding engine, as well as to ordinary ones. A, Figure 6,
is a section of the tube of my main cylinder clearer, upon which the
narrow wire brushes B are fixed. The periphery of these brushes revolve
from ten to twenty per cent., or more or less according to circumstances
quicker than the periphery of the main cylinder of the carding engine
the wires of which are slightly touched, or nearly so, by the brushes B,
just enough to enable them to remove the cotton and dirt from the teeth of
the main cylinder, in the very narrow space on which the brushes act at one
time. The cotton and dirt removed from the main cylinder are deposited
on the teeth of the licker-in C, and carried past the feeding knife D, at which
place the dirt will drop on the floor, and the cotton will be carried forward,
and again be taken up by the main cylinder. The clearer may also be
placed under the doffer in front of the carding engine, as shewn by a dotted
line E. In this case a small clearing roller F, covered-with cards, is placed
underneath the clearer E, to receive what is stripped off the cylinder, which
takes the cotton up again from the roller as it revolves, the dirt falling on the
floor. Suitable brackets are fixed to the frame of the carding engine, to sup-
port the clearing apparatus.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of my improved main cylinder clearer.
A is a cast-iron tube bored out and turned. I consider a diameter of about
six inches most convenient. Upon the outside of the tube A, the wire brushes
B are fixed in strips of leather held between the rings C, made of brass or
other suitable material, see section Figure 9. Into the insides of the tube A,
the end pieces D and E are fitted in such a manner that the tube A slides
upon them perfectly free, but without shaking. For the purpose of making an
easier fit,and more convenient for repairing the outermost brass rings, by which
the brushes are held from the sliding boxes of the end pieces D and E, the

page_text: construction of which is shewn in section in Figure 10. the ends of the
shaft F fit the long bosses of the end pieces D and E, and revolve freely in
them, and upon the shaft F the tube G is fixed, in which the reversing screw
is cut. A bush H slides freely on thereversing screw G, and by means of
the guide pin I, which works in the bush H, the said bush follows the thread
of the screw G when the clearer is at work. The bush H fits tightly the inside
of the tube A, and is fixed at the place in which it is shewn by means of a
pin or countersunk screw. The lid K is made for the purpose of removing
the guide pin I, in case of repairs, and is fixed to the bush H by screws. The
shape of the guide pin is clearly shewn in Figure 11. The pulley L revolves
upon a stud M, which is fixed into the bracket N, in which the boss of the
end piece D revolves; to the end of this boss the pinion O is fixed, and this
pinion is driven by an inside spur, which, with one hundred and fifty-one teeth
cast in one piece with the pulley L. To the end of the shaft F a similar
pinion P is fixed, which works in another inside spur, which also cast
to the pulley L, which has one hundred and fifty teeth; it is therefore
evident, that when the pulley L is set in motion by means of a strap
connected with a pulley on the main cylinder, the pinion P will, for
every revolution of the pulley L, be retarded for one tooth, and in this
manner cause the shaft F to revolve a little slower than the tube A, and thus
cause the tube to traverse the length of the reversing screw G. There is a
longitudinal groove in the end pieces Dand E, in which a key works (which
is fixed to the end of the tube A or into the brass hoops shewn in Figure 10),
by means of which the end pieces D and E are compelled to revolve simul-
taneously with the tube A. Suppose now the wire of a carding engine to
measure forty inches in width, and seven brushes to be used, they must be so
placed that there shall be an interval of five and five-seventh inches from centre
to centre between each, making thirty-four two-seventh inches from centre to
centre of those at the two extremities of the tube A. The reversing screw G
should, however, be at little longer than five and five-seventh inches, in order
that the whole width of the main cylinder may be certainly cleared each time
the tube A travels along the reversing screw. The brackets N are fixed to
the frame of the carding engine in such a manner that the brushes B can be
set to a nicety between the main cylinder and the licker-in or the clearing
roller, as the case may be. This arrangement may be similar to the common
arrangement for setting rollers in carding engines.
I claim a number of narrow brushes instead of one, and the mechanism
by which the motions of the same are produced, and also the construction of
the double inside wheel and the clearing cylinder, with the mode of fixing the
-brushes,

page_text: Figure 12 is a part of the tube A shewn on its surface, with the brushes B
fixed into the brass rings C, and it also represents at D a grinder segment
made of steel, one on each ring, to be so placed as to preserve the balance of
the tube for the purpose of keeping the wire on the main cylinder constantly
sharpand true; and in all cases when the segments are used they must be placed
between the brushes B so as barely to touch the wire of the main cylinder.
These grinders may be made to be adjusted by set screws as the wire wears.
Figure 13 is a section of Figure 12, shewing also the position of this
grinding segment; and Figures 14 and 15 are a side view and section of
the steel grinder drawn in full size. For my improved emery grinders I place
brass rings, as shewn in Figures 16 and 17, upon the tube A instead of the
brushes B and rings C. These brass rings are painted on the surface, emery
is glued on them in the usual manner, and the apparatus is set to the main
cylinder in the bearings for the clearers, and worked in the same way as the
clearer, except that the pulley L is driven from an extra pulley or from the
gearing itself, and the main cylinder worked at a slow speed or at a quick speed
in the reverse direction. The same apparatus can be used for grinding the
doffer, and on a frame by itself for grinding the clearing and working rollers,
&c., and the top flats instead of the brass rings shewn in Figures 16 and 17.
I also place, for the purpose of grinding, a series of segments, as shewn in
Figures 14 and 15, instead of the brushes B, between the brass rings shewn
in section in Figures 9 and 10.
For the purpose of grinding the wire of card cylinders, flats, &c., I claim
the mechanism described with reference to Figures 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, and 17.
In the description of my improved blower I stated the manner of making
narrow laps. I am now going to explain the mode in which the carding
engine is fed by them, as seen in elevation in Figure 18, and ground plan
Figure 19. a is the common delivering roller; the feeding plate or table
placed between the feeding knife D and the delivering roller a. A small
beam cis fixed between the frames of the carding engine; and upon it the
partitions or plates d, which are ground and polished on both sides, are fixed at
distances suiting the width of the small laps e. Between these plates the laps
e are placed, working on small wooden shafts or pins in the slots f; they
are unlapped by the delivering roller a in the usual manner. It is the object
of this arrangement to correct the inequality arising from the irregular
spreading of the cotton at the lap machine by reducing the width of the
cotton-as-spread, say-to-one-seventh-of-the-velocity of the wire cloth, being
increased seven times so as to allow of the carding engine being fed by
seven narrow laps placed closely side by side iustead of by one in the usual

page_text: manner, thus extending any irregularly over seven times the length, and taking
the chance also of compensation from their regularities of the other six parts.
In Sheet 2, Fig. 1 représents a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a front elevation
of my improved lap machine adapted to my drawing frame. The construction
of the lap machine, and the manner in which the doffing is performed, I have
already explained in the Specification of my Patent of One thousand eight hun-
dred and thirty-eight, and also with reference to Sheet 1, Figs. 4 and 5, in the
present Specification. I have now only to explain the mode in which I wind
single ends or any convenient number of ends separately from the drawing
frame upon bobbins or rollers, whether twisted or untwisted. Upon a boss of
the disc a, the bevel wheel 6 works, which is cast of one piece with the spur
wheel c. This spur wheel works the pinions d, which are rivetted to the pins
or shafts of the bobbins e, shewn in dotted lines. These shafts are provided
with feathers fitting a groove in the bobbins e, and they are therefore compelled
to revolve with the bobbins. Suppose now one of the bobbins e to be pressed
heavily upon the lap roller f, the slivers coming from the drawing frame through
the calendar rollers g, the guides h, the press roller i, and over the lap roller f,
on to the bobbin e, it is evident that as this bobbin e is compelled to revolve
by contact with the lap roller f, the pinion d will work the spur wheel o, and
by means of the bevil b the bevel pinion k on the shaft l, the skew wheels m
and 2 will give motion to the reversing screw o. A bush b, with a reversing
pin similar to that in my card clearers, acts upon the lever q, and this lever
being in connection with the bar r on which the guides h are fixed, causes the
guides to traverse and lay the slivers (here six in number) regularly over six
equal portions of the surface of the bobbin e. A pin s, which is fixed to a
bracket t on the frame, may be placed higher or lower in the slot of the lever
q for the purpose of regulating the length of the traverse according to the
number of slivers. It is easily understood that as the bobbin e increases in
diameter, the speed of the reversing screw odiminishes in suitable proportion,
that the slivers may be laid on equally close, whatever may be the diameter of
the bobbin.
22
I claim the mechanism of this machine also for the purpose of winding
separate slivers or rovings coming from drawing frames or other machinery, or
only from coils or spools; and I also claim the doffing knife described in
Sheet 1, Figs. 4 and 5, applied to this machine.
Fig. 3 is an elevation, and Fig. 4 a ground plan of my improved "twist
coil frame," the main feature of novelty in which is the change of the direction
of the roving, which, in this instance, forms the coil from below. A, a set of
drawing rollers of the usual construction, placed as low as possible to the
floor, but at a convenient height for the attendant. These drawing rollers are

page_text: supplied with slivers from the the drawing frames in any of the modes described
in the Specification of my former Patents, or in the usual way. The sliver
coming from the drawing rollers goes through a hollow spindle B, working in
the bush C, which is fixed to the beam D. The skew wheel E is fixed to the
lower end of the spindle B, and is driven by the skew wheel F. The spindle
B is in one piece with the spherical disc G, in which disc a straight slot H*
is cut from the periphery towards the centre. The guide tube H works between
two projections of the spindle B, and its arm K is pressed by the spring Iupon
a pin L, which is fixed with its lower end into the circular rack M. This
portion of the spindle is better seen on a larger scale in Fig. 5. A pinion N,
which gears into the circular rack M, is fixed on the shaft O, and the shaft O
receives its reciprocating motion from a scroll P, the shape of which is pro-
portioned to the required motion of the guide tube H. A worm wheel R is
fixed upon the shaft S, and this worm wheel receives its proportionate speed
from a worm and the drawing rollers A, by means of wheels, as shewn in red
lines. Theskew wheel F'receives its motion in a similar manner, also shownin
red lines. It will be seen from the above description that the motions of the
scroll P, and of the spindle B, are invariable, but that the tube H, owing to
the shape of the scroll P, moves quicker as it approaches towards the spindle.
The motion of the mitre wheel T, however, must vary its speed according
to the position of the guide tube H, so that the tube U, with its sliding
disc V, must revolve quickest when the guide tube H is in the position in
which it is shewn, and slowest when it is nearest the centre. The mitre
wheel T, which drives the mitre wheel W on the tube U, is connected with
the disc X by means of shafts and gearing, as shewn in red lines, and it is
therefore evident that the tube U must vary its speed according to the speed
of the disc X. The disc X is acted upon by two spherical cones Z, which
work in the vibrating frames a, and receive their rotary motion by means of
universal links 6 from the pinions c, which are fixed on the shaftsd (revolving
in bushes), and are connected with the driving shafte by means of the wheelf
and the carrier g. The fly-wheel h, near the fast and loose pullies, is merely
for the purpose of equalizing the speed, which is a little affected by the change
of the speed of the disc X. Suppose now the driving shafte in motion, and
the cones Z in a position corresponding with the position of the guide tube-H,
and the spherical disc V (which is lined with flannel) in the position drawn in
red, the rovings having passed through the spindle B, and the guide tube H,
and through the slot H* (see Fig. 5 and 6) in the disc G, and laid between
the said disc and the flannel of the disc V, it is evident that the difference of
the speeds of the two discs will draw the rovings through the slot H*, and as
B

page_text: the guide tube H is moving towards the centre of the spindle will lay it down
on the disc G in a spiral line, see Fig. 6, until the tube H arrives near the
periphery of the tube V, when by the action of the scroll P, the lever Q, and
the pinion N, on the shaft O, and the circular rack M, it will recede in the
same proportion from another layer of rovings under the first one, and thereby
cause the spherical disc V to rise, pressing with its whole weight on the
rovings. The spherical disc V slides on the tube U, and is made to revolve
with the tube by a groove and feather. I have already said that the speed of
the tube U is regulated by the disc X, which is driven by the cones Z working
in the vibrating frames a. The guide tube H is shewn in that position in
which the tube U revolves at its greatest speed, which is just so much slower
than the spindle B as will be required to take up the rovings delivered by the
drawing rollers A. It is therefore evident that as the guide tube Happroaches
the spindle B the diameter of the coil must decrease, and the speed of the
tube U must decrease in the same proportion. Suppose now the periphery of
the cone Z touching at the red line marked 1, see Fig. 4, and supposing this
point of contact to produce that speed at which the tube U should revolve
when the guide tube H is in its present position, it will be evident that as the
scroll Y revolves it will act upon the vibrating frames a by means of the
lever i, the lever k on the upright shaft 7, the double lever m and the rods u,
which are connected with the arms X, on the vibrating frames a, and cause
the smaller ends of the cones Z to approach and act upon the disc X, nearer
to or at the red line marked Q. It is clear that when the smaller diameters
of the cones Z act upon the larger diameter of the disc X the disc must
revolve slower, and vice versa. The bracket o is merely for the purpose of
guiding the vibrating frames a; the ends of the connecting rods n are tapped
for the purpose of adjusting the cones Z. The arms p on the frames a are
connected by the links q, to which the weight r is hung, and the cones are
thus firmly pressed against the disc X, and compelled to obey the action of the
scrool Y. I consider the action of a spherical cone upon a disc, whether
applied on one side or on both sides, superior to the action of friction pullies,
because there is no lateral resistance to be overcome. When the frame is
started the sliver coming from the drawing rollers is treated in the usual
manner, pushed with a needle through the spindle B, as shewn in Fig. 5,
taken hold of with the right hand, and with the left hand the guide tube His
pressed back so that the roving can be drawn through the slot in the guide
tube, and be slipped into the slot H* of the disc G. For the purpose of
doffing, a blunt knife is passed through the slot H* with one hand, and the
tube U or the disc V taken hold of with the other, and lifted out of its place,

page_text: and then stripped into a can, or on toa tin spindle with a foot attached, similar
to that explained in the Specification of my former Patent. The tube U rests
on a brass piece 8, shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 5, and prevents the iron
tube U from rubbing on the cast-iron disc G, steadying the same in its
place.
'
I claim the mode of forming coils with the sliver or roving coming from
below, and the mechanism by which this is effected. I also claim a spherical
contact cone for the purpose of varying the speeds of contact discs used in coil
and roving frames. I claim the spherical contact cone, whether applied on
one side of the disc or on both sides, and the mechanism by which the cones
are acted upon.
For the purpose of feeding the spinning machines in a more economical
manner I wind a number of rovings from the coils (produced upon the
machine just explained) upon a barrel or bobbin on a lap machine similar
to that explained with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. The laps produced
upon this machine are placed behind the spinning frame, as shewn in
Figs. 7 and 8.
With reference to my coil drawing frame I have
only to say that my improvements are like those described in Figures 3
and 4, and in Fig 9 I shew the shape and position of the stationary disc a,
and the revolving disc b, and the guide tube c. I also apply my improved
disc motion to my double coil frame applied to carding engines and drawing
frames, shewn in outline in Fig. 10, which differs from my single coil framé,
described in the Specification of my former Patent, in having two tubes or
spindles, the axes of which point to one common centre, for the purpose of
having both spindles driven by one common level wheel. I have sufficiently
explained in my former Specification and in the present one the several modes
in which the coils are formed, and I have described the machinery by which
the motions are effected. I have also mentioned that instead of a friction
pulley I would apply my spherical cones either single or double, I have there-
fore here only to describe the application of one common guide tube for the
two tubes or spindles. a and b are the stationary and lower discs of the
spindles c and d; these discs are of such a shape as to form part of a circle
drawn from the centree. The discs a and b are slotted in the same way as that
shewn in Figure 6, but the slots are placed opposite one another, forming
together one continuous slot. Suppose now the coil on the spindle d to be
finished, and that it is desired-to-begin-the fresh coil-without-stopping the
frame, the attendant has only to lift the rod f, which connects the scroll or
reversing screw motion with the guide tube'g, from the point h to the point i,
when the guide tube-g will bring the sliver from the disc 6 to the disc a, and

page_text: begin a new coil on the spindle c. The coil, with the spindle d, can be taken
away and stripped, and the spindle d replaced again, while the new coil is
being formed.
I claim the arrangement of my double coil frame, as shewn in Fig. 10, the
differential reversing screw z, for moving the friction pulley or spherical cone,
and the mechanism by which the guide tube g is shifted from one coil to the
other and reversed.
My improvementsinthecopping motion of the spinning frame are shewn ina
side elevation, Fig. 11, ground plan, Fig. 12, and section, Fig. 13. Suppose the
copping motion set for commencing a new cop, and the driving shaft a driving
the contact pulley shaft b, by a train of wheels proportioned to the required
speed, the contact pulley c is shewn in the position in which it works the
disc d at its greatest speed, and the scroll i is in its corresponding position.
The scroll is connected with the disc by a train of wheels e, f, g, and h. The
fulcrum or stud F of the lever k is set for the shortest stroke. The inclined
plane of the scroll i, which runs in the direction of the arrow, will depress
slowly the leverk, and lift up the stud l, with which it is connected by the pin
m, and thus act upon the worm wheel n by the worm o. The worm wheel n,
fixed upon the shaft P, lifts up the guide plates 9, containing the flyers, see
Fig. 13, on the rails r, by means of the sliding bars 8, which support the rails,
the rackst, the pinions u on the shafts v, and the mitre wheel wand x, and will
cause the fly plate q to descend at an accelerated speed when the lever k
ascends the steep inclined plane x of the scroll i. A disc y, see Fig. 12, is
keyed on the shaft p, with a rim z on one side, and this rim is cut out at the
place marked x, see Fig. 11. The catch A is fixed to the dotted shaft B, and
placed in the opening of the rim z at x, which slightly touches it at each
stroke of the lever k, and causes the sliding bush c to recede in the direction of
the arrow by means of the rod D and the lever E, which is fixed to the other
end of the shaft B. I have explained the action of the worm o upon the
worm wheel n, which is similar to that of a rack gearing into a pinion, but as
the fly plates 9 have to passthrough a greater space at every repetition of the lift
until the bottom of the cop has been formed, and as they are not to return to
the same place from which they started, but to remain a little higher after
each lift, the stud F, which works in a boss G of the bush C, is shifted, as
already said, in the direction of the arrow. The lever k has a Vgroove Hon
its side, in which the V head of the stud F slides, and it is, therefore, evident
that in proportion as the fulcrum of the lever kapproaches the scroll i, the lift
. of the worm will be increased, and therefore the fly plates 9 rise higher. A
ratchet wheel I is fixed to the worm o, which meets the click k on its descent,

page_text: and in this manner the worm o is turned a little. The click k is regulated to
take one, two, three, or more teeth by means of a set screw, and in this man-
ner the worm wheel n is advanced more or less according to the size of the
cop or the number of the yarn. When the rim of the disc y, with the slot or
opening ×, has gone beyond the point of the catch A, the bottom of the cop
will have been formed, the catch A will rest on the inside of the rim z, and
the lever E will remain stationary till the cop is completed. It is quite clear
that in proportion as the size of the bottom of the cop increases the speed of
the disc d must diminish, and this is effected by the rod M connected by a
bush to the friction roller c, at one end, and at the other end to the stud F,
and this moves the friction roller c towards the outer or larger diameter of the
disc d, in the direction of the arrow. The outer end of the stud F moves in
a slot of a plate N to keep it steady, and the bar L is fixed between the
brackets o, which are screwed to the bottom plate P.
I claim the mechanism of the copping motion, beginning with the scroll i, to
the shaft p, and also the disc y, with the rims, and the mechanism described
from A to M..
Another of my improvements consists in a mode of banding the spindles.
The driving shaft a, see Figures 12 and 13, carries the larger band pullies Q
with a single groove, over which the band is passed, from thence one end is
passed into one of the grooves of the smaller double groove pulley R on the
shaft S, and the other end into the other groove, and from thence each end
passes round two spindles and is jointed; see Fig. 12. The shafts a and S
are connected by a pair of spur wheels of such proportion as to give to the
surfaces of the pullies Q and R exactly the same speed.
I claim the mode of driving the spindles as described with reference to
Figs. 12 and 13.
Figs. 14 and 15 represent aground-plan and elevation of an improved flyer,
made of buffalo hide; it is cut out as shewn in Fig. 16, afterwards softened
in water, and bent in a mould, and the steel, iron, or brass wire, of the shape
shewn in the Drawing, is fixed into it.
Figs. 17 and 18 represent a ground plan and elevation of a flyer made of
two pieces of whalebone a and b, round which the wire cis bent and secured
by thread of silk, linen, or cotton, or other suitable material, not only forthe
purpose of securing the whalebone between the wires, but also to prevent the
same from rubbing against the iron or steel guide plate d, which I consider
an improvement upon the box described in the Specification of my former
Patent, the flyer now taking hold of the plated, above and below, instead

page_text: JOHN GEORGE (L.S.) BODMER.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixth day of September, in the
sixth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said John
George Bodmer came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery,
and acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-
fifth
year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Seventh day of September, One thousand eight hundred and