Improvements in Hydraulic Rams.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left 23rd July, 1889-Accepted. 31st Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Rams.
1 JOHN BLAKE of Oxford Street Works Accrington in the County of Lancaster
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the wasto or pulse valves of hydraulic rams, the object of
my improvements being to obtain a greater efficiency in a simple manner.
In one arrangement I propose to construct the waste valve of a hollow metal vessel
which rests in the body of the ram. This vessel is preferably nearly square in section
with the corners rounded and the sides slightly concave and perforated with a number
of small holes I stretch and secure over the outside of the vessel an india rubber or
other suitable band which covers the perforations and yet leaves a small space between
it and the concave surfaces of the valve.
When water is admitted to the hydraulic ram it passes at first under the band and
escapes through the perforations into the interior of the valve or vessel from which it
runs to waste until the increased velocity of the water entering the ram forces the
elastic band on to the concave surfaces of the valve and so closes all the perforations,
the water in the ram then lifts the delivery valve and a portion enters the air vessel
and is discharged through the delivery pipo in the ordinary manner; the elastic
pressure in the air vessel causes the body of water in the ram to recoil thereby
reducing the pressure on the elastic band which straightens itself and so leaves a
space between it and the perforated concave surfaces of the valve thus permitting
water to escape through the valve as before mentioned until the increased velocity
again forces the band on to the concave surfaces and closes the valve at the same
time opening the delivery valve and admitting water to the air vessel as before
described.
It is obvious that any required number of these waste valves may be employed in
a hydraulic ram and each valve may be provided with more than one section of drilled
holos extending round all four sides the sections being separated by a blank space free
from holes and each section being covered by a separate olastic band. The valves
may be formed with the ram or its cover.
As an alternative arrangement I propose to make my improved waste or pulse valve
of a metal plate which may form the cover of the ram one surface of this plate is
concave and is perforated; these perforations may extend over the whole concave
surface or they may be divided into sections each covered by a flexible metal strip
secured at one end to the valve plate and at the other end connected to the plate by
an elastic connection which will hold the metal strip so that in its normal position it
bears near the ends only on the valve plate and leaves a space between it and the
concave perforated surface.
In place of flexible sheet metal strips the strips may be of rubber or of metal coated
with a layer of rubber.
The action of this waste valve is practically similar to that previously described.
1000
Agent
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Rams.
5 I, JOHN BLAKE, of Oxford Street Works, Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
My invention relates to the waste or pulse valves of hydraulic rams, the object of
my improvements being to obtain greater efficiency in a simple manner.

page_text: In one arrangement I propose to construct the waste valve of a hollow metal vessel
which rests in the body of the ram. This vessel is preferably nearly square in section
with the corners rounded and the sides slightly concave and perforated with a number
of small holes. I stretch and secure over the outside of the vessel an india rubber or
other suitable hand which covers the perforations and yet leaves a small space between
it and the concave surfaces of the valve.
When water is admitted to the hydraulic ram it passes at first under the band and
escapes through the perforations into the interior of the valve or vessel from which it
runs to waste until the increased velocity of the water entering the ram forces the
elastic band on to the concave surfaces of the valve and so closes all the perforations
the water in the ram then lifts the delivery valve and a portion oniers the air vessel
and is discharged through the delivery pipe in the ordinary manner; the clastic
pressure in the air vessel enuses the body of water in the ram to recoil thereby
reducing the pressure on the elastic hand which straightens itself and so leaves a
space between it and the perforated concave surfaces of the valve thus permitting
water to escape through the valve as before mentioned until the increased velocity
again foreas the hand on to the concave surfaces and closes the salve at the sume
time opening the delivery valve and admitting water to the air vessel as before
described.
It is obvious that any required number of these waste valves may be employed in
a hydraulic ram and each valve may be provided with more than one section of drillo.l
holes extomling round all four sides, the sections being separated by a blank space free
from holes and each section hoing covered by a separate olastic band. The valves
may be formed with the ram or its cover.
As an alternative arrangement I propose to make my improved waste or pulse valve
of a metal plate which may form the cover of the main one surface of this plate is
concave and is perforated these perforations may extend over the whole concave
surface or they may be divided into sections each covered by a flexible metal strip
secured at one end to the valve plate and at the other end connected to the plate by
an elastic connection which will hold the metal strip so that in its normal position it
bears near the ends only on the valve plate and leaves a space between it and the
concave perforated surface.
In place of flexible shoot metal strips the strips may be of rubber or of metal coated
with a layer of rubber.
The action of this waste valve is practically similar to that previously described.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will describe the accompanying three Sheets of Drawings reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a hydraulic ram fitted with ono arrangement of
my improved waste or pulse valve and Figures 2, 3, and 4 aro detail views of the said
valve.
Figure 5 is an elevation and Figure 6 a plan partly a section of the same ram fittod
with an alternative arrangement of my improved waste or pulse valve and Figuros 7
and 8 are detail views of the valve.
Figure 9 is a plan or diagram illustrating the application of a number of my improved
waste or pulse valvos to a hydraulic ram.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
Referring first to Figure 1 and the arrangement of my improved waste or pulso
valve illustrated by it and the detail views Figures 2, 3, and 4,-a designates tho
body of the ram; the inlet; c the wasto ; the delivery valve which may bo
of any suitablo type; e the air vessel and the delivery pipe; My improved wasto
or pulso valve in this arrangement is constructed of a hollow metal vossol y which
projects into the interior of the body a of the ram to which it is secured. This
vessel g is preferably square in cross section as shown and the outer surfaces of
its sidos are concave and perforated with, in this instance three groups or sections
of small holes g³, each group of holas being covered by a band of india rubber
or other suitable clastic material. When water enters the body of the ram through

page_text: the inlet it flows under the band h through the perforations g' into the interior
of the valve g and escapes through the wasto c until the increased velocity of the
water entering the body a prosses the bands on to their respective seatings (the
concave surfaces of the sides of the valve g) thereby closing the perforations g¹
shutting off the communication with the waste c and causing the water to lift the
delivery valve d and a portion to be discharged through the delivery f in the ordinary
well known manner.
When the air in the vessel e is sufficiently compressed the body of water in the ram
recoils and the consequent reduction of pressure allows the bands to straighten and
again leave a space between themselves and the perforations 9'. Water then flows
through the valve g and escapes through the waste c until the increased velocity of
the water again closes the valve y raises the delivery valve d and repeats the stroke as
above described.
The alternativo arrangement of my improved waste or pulse valve illustrated by
Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 is substantially the same in construction and in action with the
arrangement illustrated in the preceding views.
In this case each group of the perforations g' in the concave face of the waste
valve 9 is covered with a strip of thin sheet metal or other suitable yielding or
elastic material or combination of such materials. These strips i are secured at one
end to the valve g and at the other end when the said strips are of metal or other
non elastic material are hold by an elastic or yielding connection which will permit
the said strips i to close the perforations g¹ when the water has attained a sufficient
velocity. The elastic connection for this purpose shown in the example consists of a
screwed studjone end of which is secured to the strip i and the other end is passed
through a stationary guide or bracket ; on the stud j are india rubber rings / or
other springs confined by a nut m so that the water pressure has to overcome the
resistance of the springs / before the strips i can close the waste valvo g.
I would have it clearly understood that the details of construction of my improved
waste or pulse valves may be varied or modified without departing from the nature
of my invention for example although I have in the first arrangement shown and
described three bands and three groups of holes g¹ and in the second arrangement
two groups of holes g¹ and two covering strips i yet any suitable number may be
employed. Again any suitable number of my improved waste valves may be
employed in a single ram as illustrated by the Diagram Fig. 9 which indicates an
arrangement wherein four of my improved waste valves g are employed the
delivery being shown placed centrally instead of at one side as in the foregoing
arrangements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A waste or pulse valve having a perforated concave surface or seating (or
seatings) and an elastic or yielding covering (or coverings) arranged to yield and
close the valve after the water entering the body of the ram has attained a certain
velocity and to open again after the ram has made its stroke or delivery substantially
as herein set forth.
2. The several arrangements and combination of parts embodying my improve-
ments in hydraulic rams substantially as and for the purposes herein described with
reference to the Drawings annexed.
1000
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.