Improvements in Looms, Designed for the Weaving of Sinuous Lines into Cloth with Yarn or Thread which is Supplied Independently of both Warp and Weft.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 31st Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms, Designed for the Weaving of Sinuous Lines
into Cloth with Yarn or Thread which is Supplied Independently
of both Warp and Weft.
We, JOSEPH WILLIAM CHENEY, of 43 Front Street at Three Rivers in the
Town of Palmer, State of Massachusetts United States of America, Superintendent
and Designer, and FRANK ARNOLD BOWEN of 37 Springfield Strect at said Three
Rivers, General Assistant Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is to provide mechanism in looms, which
looms, except as to these improvements, are of ordinary construction, whereby a
thread or yarn, or a series thereof, which are independent of both the warp and
weft are combined to form the cloth, interwoven into the fabric, said independent
line or series thereof appearing in the finished fabric as one or more distinctive
marks, delineations, or configurations therein. The improvements relate in part to
needle-frame " so termed, and mechanism for controlling same. The improve-
ments further relate to devices for a thread supply which is independent both of
the warp and weft.
ቢ
The needle-frame is mounted in front of and parallel with the harnesses and is
vertically reciprocated and also has means combined therewith for imparting thereto
an intermittent horizontal reciprocatory motion.
Each needle is vertically mounted on an arm extended forwardly from the
needle-frame. The needle-carrying frame is automatically moved and may be
timed in its movements due to the fact that the actuating mechanism therefor is
controlled by a pattern chain.
Guide and guard devices are provided for properly bearing on and maintaining
the warp threads taut and parallel at or near the line of the needles.
The reed is in, and about in a line from front to rear of the machine, and
coincident with each needle, cut out as to the upper portion of a number of the wires
thereof. The upper ends of the said cut down wires stand in a row above the
surface of the lay-beam. The width of each cut-out part of the reed is to be as
great as any required extent of the lateral bodily movement of the needle which is
opposite thereto or at the rear thereof.
It will be understood, with reference to the operation of the improved loom
mechanisms for the purpose set forth, that as the shed is formed in the warp, the
needle, carrying in the eye at its point an intermediate part of the independent
thread, is, through the motion of the carrying frame, moved downwardly with
such thread, the forward portion of said independent thread being confined in the
made fabric,-and while said thread is in its lower disposition the weft is shot over
said independent thread. After the needle-frame next rises carrying the needle so
that its point is above the warp shed, the frame is then moved laterally carrying
the needle across the warp a distance equal to the width of one or more warp
threads, the cut out or opening through the reed permitting the lateral swinging of
the forward portion of said independent thread which swings from its point of
engagement with the last battened weft thread as its centre of movement. The
needle, having shifted laterally, and then carrying the thread downwardly, the
weft is again shot over same, and so continuing, the said independent thread being
interwoven with the warp and weft to form a line along the run of the goods which
may be a regular sinuous line if the needle be regularly reciprocated, or it may be
line of an indefinite number of modifications.

page_text: The novelty in the bobbin for holding the independent thread consists in the
contrivances combined therewith whereby recoil or take-up capabilities are imparted
thereto so that a proper proportion of the thread unwound from the bobbin at each
downward movement of the needle will also be rewound on the bobbin on the return
movement of the needle, that is, at each descent of the needle, a length of thread
is unwound from the bobbin considerably in excess of the amount woven into the
cloth at that reciprocation of the loom parts, capabilities being established for
taking up after each unwinding from the bobbin the greater portion of such
unwound thread.
It has further been proposed to equip a loom with two or more needle-carrying
frames which are movable independently of each other and to combine automatic
controlling mechanism therewith so that said frames and the needles thereon may
move reversely parallel with each other, whereby the several sinuous lappet-lines
may have symmetrical relations.
The cap of the lay-beam is to be provided opposite the needles with a hand-
guard so that the fingers of the operative, in grasping said cap after the power
has been shipped to quickly stop the lay to leave it in any desired position,-will not
be lacerated by being carried toward and against the needles.
There is to be also provided on the reed-cap of the lay a guard device for
preventing any of the warp yarns from rising above the ends of the cut out rods of
the reed as the shed is changed, so that there can be no disarrangement of the warps
in their run to result in imperfectly made fabric.
Tinted October 2941 1000
JOSEPH WILLIAM CHENEY.
FRANK ARNOLD BOWEN.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms, Designed for the Weaving of Sinuous Lines
into Cloth with Yarn or Thread which is Supplied Independently
of both the Warp and Weft.
We, JOSEPH WILLIAM CHENEY, of 43 Front Street at Three Rivers in the
Town of Palmer, State of Massachusetts, and United States of America, Super-
intendent and Designer, and FRANK ARNOLD BOWEN of 37 Springfield Street at
said Three Rivers, General Assistant Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of our present invention is to provide mechanism in looms,—which
looms, except as to these improvements, are of ordinary construction,-whereby a
thread or yarn, or a series thereof, which is independent of both the warp and the
weft, may be, in connection with the warp and the weft, as the said warp and weft
are combined to form the cloth, interwoven into the fabric, said independent line or
series thereof appearing in the finished fabric as a distinctive mark therein, and the
invention consists in the combination of instrumentalities and the construction of
parts, all substantially as will be hereinafter set forth and pointed out in the claims.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
Specification in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts
in all the views:-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of as much of an ordinary power loom as is
necessary to make clear the connection and relative arrangement therewith of the
parts constituting this invention which parts are also comprised in said view.
Figure 2 is a frout elevation of the loom.
Figure 3 is a cross-section thereof on the line 3-3, Figure 2.

page_text: an enlarged scale.
Figures 5 and 6 are views illustrative of the nature of the work effected by the
improved loom mechanism of this invention.
Figure 7 is a view illustrative of a slight modification of construction to be
hereinafter referred to.
Figure 8 is a perspective view similar in many respects to Figure 1, but showing
features of further and additional improvements which will be hereinafter described,
and
Figures 9 and 10 are perspective views illustrating the latter-mentioned improve-
ments, to be hereinafter particularly referred to.
In the drawings of the parts of the loom shown which are as usual, A repre-
sents the warp-heam, and B the take-up of cloth-beam, C the lay and batten
comprising the reed, a, D, D the harness frames operated through means as well
known and usual. E, Figure 1, indicates the jacquard or pattern mechanism
through means of which and well known connections between same ani the shuttle-
box mechanism, but which connections are omitted from these drawings for the
purpose of avoiding confusion, the latter are controlled for properly controlling
the filling in the manufacture of fabric of more than one colour.
The said pattern mechanism and particular intervening parts which are shown
between same and the "needle-frame" 10, serve to control the lateral movements
of said needle-frame and thereby the disposition, in the fabric, of the line or series
of lines of thread from the independent thread supply.
12 is the independent thread supply which consists of a bobbin of novel con-
struction mounted on a horizontal shaft or beam, 13, along and in advance of the
needle-frame, 10, which frame, 10, in turn is in advance of the regular harness
frames, D, D.
The needle-frame, 10, is a rectangular frame which may be similar to the outer
or surrounding part of the harness, or heald, and, as a harness frame, this frame 10,
is suspended through the cords, 14, from the overhead sheaves, the lower ends of
the cords carrying counter-balance weights 15, see Figure 2. To the lower part
of the needle-frame 10, is attached the upper end of a flexible connection 16, to
the lower end of which is connected the forward end of a lever 17, which by its
rear end is pivoted to the frame of the loom. A cam 18, on the main shaft, which
engages with an intermediate part of said lever 17, causing a regular swinging or
reciprocating movement thereof, ensures the vertical reciprocating movements of
the needle-frame.
The needle-frame is provided with an arm 20, extending forwardly from an upper
portion of its face in the forward extremity of which is the vertical eye-pointed
needle, d, and its vertical line of movement is in a plane very near that occupied by
the lay and the reed thereon when such parts are in their rearmost position.
In advance of, and parallel with, the needle-frame is a horizontal bar 22, provided
with separated and forwardly projected extensions, 23, the extremities of which are
downwardly extended in feet 24, which stand across the warp, and the said
extensions are so arranged that the space between them is coincident with the
needle and said extensions, 23, with the bar carrying same, have a motion across
the warp in consonance with the lateral motion of the needle-frame and needle.
It will be noticed that the reed a, in a line from front to the rear of the machine
through the needle, and a little to each side of the needle, is cut out as to a number
of the wires thereof, the cut-out being as to the upper portions of the reed wires,
the lower portions thereof, however, standing in a row above the surface of the lay
beam, as seen at :, in Figures 1, 2 and 4. The width of the cut out part of the
reed is to be as great as any required extent of the lateral boilily movement of the
needle.
It will now be understood, with reference to the operation of the improved loom.
that as the shed is formed in the warp the needle, carrying, in the eye at its
point, an intermediate part of the independent thread,-is through the motion of

page_text: the carrying frame moved downwardly with such thread, as indicated by the dotted
line aty, in Figure 3, the forward portion of said independent thread being
confined in the made fabric as at 25, and with the said thread in such disposition
(which is, as far as it relates to the track of the shuttle, practically the same as the
lower series in the shed of the warp) the weft may be shot over said independent
thread. After the needle-frame next rises carrying the needle so that its point is
above the warp shed, the carrying frame 10, therefor is then moved laterally
moving the needle across the warp a distance equal to the width of one or more
warp threads, the opening through the reed permitting the lateral swinging of
the forward portion of the said independent thread which swings from its point
of engagement with the last batteued weft thread as its center. The needle,
having shifted laterally, then carrying the thread downwardly, the weft is again
shot over same, and so on, and as plain the said independent thread is inter-
woven with the warp and weft to form a line along the run of the goods which may
be a regular sinuous line if the needle be regularly reciprocated laterally, or it
may be a line of an indefinite number of modifications, as to one understanding the
principle of the invention may be apparent.
For instance, irregularly recurring lateral movements may be imparted to the
needle whereby its effect is correspondingly seen in the finished fabric, and it is of
course possible, by permitting the lateral movements of the needle support to cease
intermittingly, to have the independent thread woven in the weft along the longi-
tudiual line of some particular warp thread for a desired distance as seen at 26,
Figure 6, between the detours 27, 27.
The extensions 23, provided with the feet having a considerable lateral extent,
substantially as shown, serve to keep the warp threads under and about the needle
taut as the upper series forming the shed reaches its highest plane and comes in
contact with the bottom of said feet, whereby one warp thread will not overlic
another and whereby the warp threads are held in parallelism so that the needle
may readily enter between two distinctly separated warp threads.
The novelty in the bobbin for holding the independent thread consists in the
contrivances combined therewith whereby recoil or take-up capabilities are imparted
thereto so that a proper proportion of the thread unwound from the bobbin at each
downward movement of the needle will also be rewound on the bobbin on the
return movement of the needle; that is, at each descent of the needle, a length
of thread is unwound from the bobbin considerably in excess of the amount woven
into the cloth at each reciprocation of the loom parts, and to establish the capability
for taking up after each unwinding of thread from the bobbin, of the proper
proportional amount of such unwound thread in the bobbin, I provide mechanism in
relation thereto as follows.
The bobbin spool m, is rotatable on the said beam 13. A spring 30, is by one
end secured to the bobbin and by several convolutions thereof encircles the shaft,
its other end being connected to a cylindrical casing 32, or barrel loosely sur-
rounding the shaft which encloses a portion of said shaft and the encircling
spring.
When the bobbin is in its condition as having wound up all excess of thread
thereon, the encircling spring 30, is in a condition which will permit of its being
yet more wound up.
A weighted, or spring constrained, tension cord 33, is by an intermediate part
thereof engaged with the periphery of said barrel.
In the usual operation of the loom, as the thread is drawn off from the bobbin
by the needle in its vertical movements, the bobbin is rotated for awhile winding up
its spring, until the reaction thereof on the bobbin is as great as the tension caused
by the tension device upon the barrel, when the bobbin and the barrel (through
the medium of the then wound-np spring, acting as a tie-connection or clutch
between the bobbin and barrel) both rotate as one on the shaft and are capable of
so moving in an indefinite degree. Then as the needle rises after the weft has
been shot across and over the said thread the reaction of the spring in the bobbin

page_text: ensures a returning of the bobbin upon and in relation to the shaft and barrel to
wind up the slack thread.
The bobbin is to be, as to the compression of its spring in relation to the tension,
so adjusted that a quantity of thread will be unwound against the compression
of the spring as is necessarily to be freed to permit the movements of the needle
as described, while the amount of thread further drawn off from the bobbin, after
such a compression of the spring has been reached as is equal to the tension on the
barrel, (and during the time the bobbin, barrel and spring move together in
unison, without effect the one upon the other), is substantially the quantity of
thread from the bobbin that is woven into the fabric at the one reciprocatory
movement of the loom.
The mechanism for securing the lateral reciprocatory motion of the needle-frame,
and also of the beam 22, carrying the extensions and guard-feet, 24, is clearly
shown in Figures 1 and 2. It will be noticed that the said beam 22, towards the
ends of the loom is supported to freely slide in bearings of brackets, 35, affixed to
the frame; and the needle-frame 10, is adapted by the engagement of the eyes 36,
on the suspension cords 14, with the horizontally extended backs of the staples 37,
on the needle-frame, to have a laterally sliding motion, or a motion across the run
of the warp, which is entirely independent of its vertically reciprocating motion.
The reciprocating motion is imparted by the connection with the crank 40,-on
the rotating shaft 42,-of the rod 43, which by its inner end has an angular arm 44,
which is supported to freely slide in horizontal ways 46, formed on or attached to
the main frame and said horizontal arm 44, of the rod has an engagement with
said needle-frame and said beam 22, whereby its motions control the motions of
said frame and beam. It is of course plain that if a slow regular rotation of the
shaft 42, be given, a regular sinuous line in the fabric will be produced, the
detours being uniform, as for instance as seen in Figure 5, and it will be further
seen that by adjusting the connection of the rod on the crank arm further or nearer
from the centre of said arm a greater or lesser lateral throw of the needle-frame
and the guard-feet 24, may be ensured, whereby the detours may be greater or
lesser, as desired.
It will be noticed that the crank arm 40, is of a peculiar construction, being
comprised in a member 48, which is attached to the shaft continuing radially
therefrom for a short distance and then horizontally turned parallel with the axis
and then in a return bend 49, is carried parallel with the member 48, across the
produced axis of said shaft. Said outer arm is slotted as shown so that the
adjustable connection of the rod 43, with the said arm may be readily made by
means of a bolt or pin and nut.
Upon the said shaft is a ratchet wheel 50, and 52 represents an actuating pawl
hung upon one arm of an elbow lever g, which is pivotally connected on the frame,
and to the other arm of said elbow lever the upper end of a connecting rod 53,
is attached which by its lower end is secured to the free end of a lever 54,
pivoted to swing in a vertical plane, and receiving its reciprocatory motion from the
cam, 55, ou the main shaft. This reciprocating motion may as well be imparted to
the rod 53, by providing an eccentric or crank-pin on the shaft w, with which the
said rod engages. 56 represents a weighted friction band passing over a sheave 57
on the crank-shaft 42, whereby said pawl-actuated shaft will not be unduly rotated
under momentum from the pawl and will only be moved as positively forced
forward by said pawl. By providing mechanism for automatically raising the pawl
out of its plane of engagement with the ratchet wheel 50, the needle-frame may
be intermittently caused to rise and fall without having any lateral movement, and
by such provision the thread will be, for a length, woven into the fabric as if it
were a warp thread and the course of such thread under these conditions, as has
already been alluded to, is indicated in Figure 6.
60 represents an angular lever fixed on the frame of the loom having on its
upwardly extended arm an adjustably fixed extension piece 62, provided with a
lug 63, to lie under the shank of the said pawl 52. To the lower arm of the said

page_text: angular lever 60, is secured the upper end of a connecting rod 64, which by its
lower end engages the forward end of a lever 65, intermediately pivoted as at 66,
the rear arm of said lever 65, carrying a friction roller 67, which is in a plane to
swing, with said lever, through the engagement with the particular star-cam 68.
On the hub of the said star-cam is fixed a ratchet-wheel 69, and 70 represents a
reciprocating or thrust pawl guided in horizontal ways or bearings 72, of the
frame and provided with a projection 73, as shown. To the rear of said projection
is a laterally extended pin 74, against the rear of which the upper arm 75, of an
angular lever bears, which lever at its elbow is pivotally supported on the frame
and the lower horizontally and forwardly extended arm thereof constitutes a weight
the tendency of which is to cause the arm 75, to forwardly press upon the più of
the pawl 74. 76 represents a rocker shaft having a fixed bearing in the frame,
and receiving its oscillating motion in any suitable or well known manner, and on
said rocker shaft is a radial arm 77, the swinging movement of which is toward
and away from the end of the thrust pawl, 70.
80, Figure 1, represents a vertical rod suitably supported and guided and having
its vertical movements controlled by the jacquard pattern mechanism E, in the
same manner as are the similar rods, 82-82, the lower ends of which are shown
in dotted lines, which latter named rods control the movements of the shuttle-box
operating mechanism.
When through the well known action of the pattern chain upon the said rod 80,
the same is raised, the arm 75, by the weight is swung forward carrying therewith
through the engagement thereof with the pin 74, the pawl 70, bringing same to the
action of the swinging arm 77, which driving same rearwardly, causes the ratchet-
wheel 69, to be partially rotated and of course the reciprocatory movements of the
pawl will be continued as long as the rod, 80, is, through the arrangement of the
pattern chain, permitted to be placed out of engagement with the lug, 73, on
the
pawl. The pawl is moved forwardly for as long a period as it is permitted so
to do by the weighted angular lever 75, after having at each movement of the
'rocker shaft arm 77, been driven back to force around the ratchet-wheel.
It being understood how the action of the chain-controlled rod 80, effects the
reciprocatory motion of the lever, 60, and guard 63, for the pawl, it may readily
be seen that by properly setting the chain and adjusting the connection with the
crank of the rod for controlling the lateral movement of the needle-frame and its
guard-feet, that a great many modifications of a sinuous or zigzag line may be
incorporated into the fabric made in the loom.
The other star-cams, each of which has a ratchet thereon, and series of pawls
for operating said cams, and the other devices operating in conjunction therewith
and affected by the pattern chain, which are shown in perspective in Figure 1 and
at the rear of the particular cam 68, and pawl 70, are as common in looms, and
the said particular star-cam 68, and devices in connection therewith for operating
the rod, 64, controlling the pawl-guard 63, constitute an adaptation of well known
chain-pattern controlled devices to the novel application for controlling the said
pawl for actuating the crank-shaft 42.
While the suspension devices for the needle-frame indicated in Figures 2 and 3,
ensure fairly satisfactory results in the running of the loom we have devised an
arrangement of parts which we may employ, interposing same between the cam-
lever 17, and the bottom of the needle-frame which will render more free and
easy the lateral movements of said needle-frame, and said contrivance consists in
parts as follows:-
On the bottom edge of the lower rail of the needle-frame are provided near
-the ends thereof staples 90, having their backs of considerable extent longitudinally
of the frame. Below said needle-frame we provide another rectangular frame 92,
which by its bottom has an engagement with the cam-lever 17, whereby it moves
bodily up and down on said lever, and the upper rail of said frame 92, has mounted
thereon friction rollers 93, which by their peripheries bear upon the said horizontal
-backs of the staples,

page_text: The lever 17, swinging down, draws down the frame 92, and through its con-
nection therewith the needle-frame, and the counter-weights on the cords 14, 14,
then, on the upward throw of the cam, and corresponding swing of said lever 17,
draw up both frames, 10 and 92, and said lever. Any lateral throw of the needle-
frame may be had independently of the frame 92, and yet without disengaging the
connection between the cam-lever and said needle-frame. The said frame 92, is
made in two sections the one of which is adapted to slide upon the other, and to
be confined by the bolts passing through both, all whereby said frame may be
rendered extensible, so that such frame constituting the connection between the
cam-lever 17, and the needle-frame may be properly adjusted and adapted to
changed conditions and requirements in the loom. As shown in Figure 4, and as
preferred, the arm, 20, is formed by two sections. 95, 96, one adapted to slide
longitudinally upon the other and confined by the bolt or screw 97, whereby the
needle may be maintained in its proper degree of extension from the front of the
needle-frame and in its proper relation to the rearward limit of movement of
the lay and reed for ensuring the most efficient operation of this improved
mechanism, and that the needle may be adjusted horizontally with relation to the
length of its carrying frame, we provide capabilities therefor between the arm 20,
and the frame 10, which may consist, as shown, in the slots or ways 98, horizontally
of the frame and the bolts or screws 99, passing through said slots and confining
them when in adjustment by nuts.
As well known, it is common for weavers in attending looms to frequently grasp
the reed-cap 102, above the lay beam after the driving belt has been thrown off to
secure a stoppage of the loom and a resting of the lay in a desired position, either
forward or rearward and by the provision of the needles d, in the inachine,—into
proximity with which the lay beam and reed-cap are moved, the fingers of the
operative resting against the rear side of the reed cap, are liable to be forced
against the needle and to become lacerated. We therefore provide on the top of
the lay beam or upon the reed-cap the hand-hold and guard 103, Figures 1, 2 and 3,
which is so forwardly disposed that the fingers when grasping same will not lie
beyond the rear side of the lay beam or reed-cap.
The description hereinabove given has been confined to but a single needle, but
on the needle-frame in the drawings, Figure 2, is shown two needles, extension
guards being correspondingly provided therefor on the movable beam, 22, and of
course any desired or required number of needles and guard devices may be
provided on the same needle-frame and beam, while it is within the range of the
skill of a person versed in the art to which this invention appertains to provide in
the loom one or more additional and independent needle-frames and needles, and
movable guard devices in conjunction therewith, and also to provide additional
independent thread supplies substantially as described, and automatically operating
means for electing and controlling the movements of the added needle-frame and
guard devices.
As illustrated in Figure 8, and in accordance with the above, there are provided
two independent needle frames each to carry one, or any reasonable number of
needles, and means for controlling the movement of said needle-frames whereby
they both move vertically in consonance, but whereby the one is rendered capable
of lateral movement reversely of the movement of its fellow; and there is also
provided a separate independent thread supply for the needle of each needle-
frame, and in the drawing, 10, 10x, represent the two needle-frames ranging in
advance of the harnesses D, D, and said needle-frames are mounted on movable
supports 14, which have rising and falling motions properly timed relative to the
operation of the shel-forming mechanism whereby both of said needle-frames are
reciprocated vertically in substance the same as was the single needle-frame above
described.
It is advantageous to employ clips, as shown at 132, to maintain the one needle-
frame closely upon the other, and to serve to guide the movements horizontally of

page_text: In the loom now being described one, say the forward of the needle-frames is
given its horizontally reciprocatory movement by the means heretofore employed
by us for moving the single needle-frame, and as described in my said application,-
that is to say, with the crank 40, on the rotating shaft 42 (the rotation of which
may be continuous or intermittent) the rod 43, is connected, which, by its inner
end has an engagement with the said forward needle-frame.
On the horizontal stationary ways, 46, which uphold the said connecting rod, 43,
for its proper effect, or on other suitable fixed part of the loom, we form bearings
for a horizontal arbor or spindle 133, which forms the support and centre of
oscillation of a lever 105, intermediately hung thercon, said lever by its upper
forked arm having an engagement with the angular section 104, of said connecting
rod 43, while said lever by its lower arm has an engagement with the other or rear
needle-frame 10*.
It will therefore be plain that as the connecting rod is by the crank moved to
carry the forward needle-frame 10, towards the rear side of the loom; and the
connection had by such connecting rod with the upper arm of said lever 105,
correspondingly swings such arm, while its lower arm is swung in the reverse
direction and through its engagement with the rear frame 10x, such latter frame will
be swung towards the forward side of the loom; and of course on the reverse move-
ments of the controlling parts for said frames as the forward frame is moved
towards the front side of the loom the other frame will be moved towards its
rear side.
As shown, the connection between the lower arm of the lever 105, and the rear
needle-frame is by the provision of the vertical extended-back staple 106, on the
needle-frame and of a friction-roller 107, on an offset extension of said lower arm,
which form of engagement, while effective for ensuring the horizontal sliding of the
needle-frame, in no way interferes with the vertical movements thereof, it being
observed that the engagement of the offset part of the connecting rod 43, with the
forward needle-frame is by the provision of a long backed staple vertically applied.
In the loom when equipped as shown in Figure 8, the extensions 23, with the
feet 24, are dispensed with, and in lieu thereof just to the rear of the working
plane of the needle and in line with the cut out part of the lay reed a, there is
provided a short guide roed section 110, which is carried upon a stationary hori-
zontal beam 107, or other suitable part of the loom, said guide reed having a
sufficient height to accommodate the rising and falling movements of the warp
yarns in the shed-forming operation thereof. It has been found expedient to
employ this guide reed closely behind the needles and at a comparatively short
distance to the rear of the lay reed for the reason that longitudinally running warps
are thereby with the utmost distinctness maintained in parallelism and with uniform
separating spaces, which desired arrangement ensures the finding by the needle of
the proper space between two of the warp yarns and is enabled to enter such space
without any liability of splitting the yarn.
It will be noticed on reference to Figure 8, that the said guide reed is horizontally
adjustable across the machine, such capability being ensured by the provision of
the said slot and set-screw, indicated at 112. It is desirable to often adjust the
guide reed 110, for its alignment with the cut out reeds on the lay, and also to
accord with different traverses of the needle.
On the lay cap 103, there is affixed rigidly thereto a bail-like part 115, the
transverse and horizontally extending member of which, occupies a line just to the
front of the reed a, the relative height of which is a little below the upper ends of
the said cut-down reeds. This horizontally extending rod serves to prevent, when
the lay is formed, and a new shed is being formed, such a rising of any of the warp
threads in advance of the reed as would result in their passing above the top ends
of the said shortened reeds of the lay, to cause any such disarrangement of the said
warps as would produce imperfect weaving.
And as in the loom of the description particularly given herein it is of great
importance that the lay in its backward and forward swing, shall move without

page_text: any transversal deflection or vibration, we provide adjustable guides 120, on the
inner side of each of the loom-frame standards, each of which has the member 122,
against the inner edge of which the lay-carrying arm 124, has a continuous slide
bearing.
As indicated, the said member 122, is adapted to be adjusted as to its either-end-
portion either inwardly or outwardly so that its inner bearing edge 125, may
always be aligned to accord with the proper plane of movement of the lay arm 124.
The adjustment of the member 122, is ensured by the provision of the slots and set-
screws 126, indicated in the drawings, and as plain.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In a loom, in combination, a needle and a vertically reciprocatory frame for
carrying same, and means for imparting lateral reciprocatory movements to said
frame, and a beam, or shaft, as 13, and a thread-holding and supplying device for
said needle, consisting of a spool rotatable on said shaft, another part also rotatable
on said shaft but provided with a tension device whereby its free rotation is
impeded, and a spiral spring by one portion engaging the spool, and by another
portion the said impeded rotatable part, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
2. In a loom, in combination, a needle and a vertically reciprocatory frame for
carrying same, a support carrying guard feet adapted to overlie the warp adjacent
said needle, means for imparting lateral reciprocatory movements to said needle-
frame and said guard support, and a bobbin for carrying a thread supply for said
needle independent of the warp and weft, having combined therewith drag or
tension and recoil devices, for the purpose set forth.
3. In a loom, in combination, the reed of the lay having a cut out portion sub-
stantially as described, a needle in a plane coincident with the run of the warp
which intersects such cut out portion of the reed, and a vertically reciprocatory
frame for carrying said needle, means for imparting laterally reciprocatory move-
ments to said frame and a bobbin for carrying a thread supply for said needle
independent of the warp and weft, having combined therewith drag or tension and
recoil devices, for the purpose set forth.
4. In a loom, in combination, the frame carrying the needle, the weighted
suspending cords 14, therefor and the supporting sheaves, the rotating cam, 18, the
pivoted lever 17, engaged by said cam and a connection between said lever and
said frame, and means for imparting a lateral reciprocatory motion to said frame,
for the purpose set forth.
5. In a loom, in combination, the frame carrying the needle, and means for
imparting to said frame vertical reciprocatory movements, a shaft having a crank
arm thereon and means for rotating said shaft, and a connecting rod between said
crank and said frame, substantially as described.
6. In a loom, in combination, the vertically reciprocatory frame carrying the
needle and the beam carrying the guard-feet, a rotatable shaft having thereon a
crank arm and a connecting rod by one end secured to said crank arm and having
by its other an engagement with both said frame and said guard-carrying beam,
substantially as described.
7. In a loom, in combination, the vertically reciprocatory frame carrying the
needle, a rotatable shaft and interposed mechanisın between same and said frame
for laterally reciprocating the latter on the rotation of the shaft, a ratchet-wheel
on said shaft, a pawl having normally an engagement with said ratchet-wheel,
and a reciprocatory support in which said pawl is mounted, a guard engaging
said pawl and automatic devices for controlling said guard whereby it may be
moved to carry said pawl out of engagement with its ratchet and also to permit
same to return to its engagement therewith, for the purpose set forth.
8. In a loom, in combination, the vertically reciprocatory frame carrying the
B

page_text: needle, a rotatable shaft and interposed mechanism between same and said frame
for laterally reciprocating the latter on the rotation of the shaft, a ratchet-wheel
on said shaft, a pawl having normally an engagement with said ratchet-wheel and
a reciprocatory support on which said pawl is mounted, a guard 63, engaging said
pawl, a lever 60, pivotally mounted on which said guard is supported, a connecting
rod by one end secured to said lever 60, the lever 65, to one end of which said
connecting rod is also secured, the cam adapted to engage the other end of said
lever 65, having on its hub a ratchet-wheel 69, a thrust pawl 70, movable in a
plane to drive forward said ratchet-wheel and provided with the abutment 73,
the pattern controlled rod engaging said abutment 73, a pivoted and weight-
actuated lever 75, engaging said thrust pawl to maintain it in its forward position,
and a regularly reciprocating part, as the arm 77, for forcing the released pawl
rearwardly, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
9. In combination, a shaft or spindle and the spool rotatable thereon, another
part also rotatable on said shaft but provided with a tension device whereby its
free rotation on the shaft is impeded, and a spiral spring by one portion engaging
the spool and by another portion the said impeded rotatable part, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
10. In combination, a shaft or spindle and the spool rotatable thereon, a barrel
also rotatable on said shaft but provided with a tension device whereby its
rotation is less free than that of said barrel, and a spiral spring enclosed in said
barrel, encircling the shaft, by one end having an engageinent with the barrel
and by its other with the spool, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
11. In a loom, the combination with a frame carrying a needle for controlling
the thread independent of the warp or weft, and suspension incans therefor
substantially as described, and horizontal supports as the staples on the bottom of
said needle-frame, of a sub-frame having rollers on its top and means for imparting
to said lower frame vertically reciprocating movements, and means for imparting
to said needle-frame lateral reciprocatory movements.
12. In combination, the needle-carrying frame, and the sheave-supported and
weighted cords on which said frame is suspended, substantially as described, and
said frame having at its lower portion horizontal supports, as the staples 39, the
vertically extensible sub-frame provided with rollers on its upper portion and hung
thereby upon said horizontal needle-frame supports, and a cam-actuated and
reciprocatory lever engaging said sub-frame for depressing both the latter and
said needle-frame on the downward throw of the cam, said frames and also said
lever being moved upwardly on the upward throw of the cam by said weighted
suspension cords, substantially as described.
13. In combination, a vertically reciprocating frame having a forward extension
arm which is adjustable along said frame transversely of the run of the warp,
and carrying a needle, means for imparting lateral reciprocatory movements to
said frame and a take-up bobbin for carrying a thread supply for said needle
independent of the warp and weft, having combined therewith, drag or tension, and
recoil devices, substantially as described.
14. In combination, a vertically reciprocating frame having a forward extension
arm which is extensible as to its length whereby its end may be projected from or
towards the said frame, and carrying a needle, means for imparting lateral
reciprocatory movements to said frame and a bobbin for carrying a thread supply
for said needle, independent of the warp and weft, having combined therewith drag
or tension, and recoil devices, substantially as described.
15. In a loom, in combination, two independent needle-carrying frames, cach
adapted to carry one or more vertical needles, and means for controlling the
movements of said frames whereby they are both vertically reciprocated, means
for imparting reversed lateral reciprocatory motions to said needle-frames, and a
thread supply for each of said needles which is independent of the warp and
wet to be woven by the loom, substantially as and for the purpose described.
16. The combination with two needle-frames, one in advance of the other, cach

page_text: carrying one or more needles and means for imparting vertical reciprocatory
movements to said needle-frames, a reciprocating device, as the part 43, having an
engagement with one of said needle-frames, a lever intermediately pivoted for a
rocking motion, having by one arm thereof an engagement with said needle-fraine
reciprocating part, and having by its other arm an engagement with the other
needle-frame, for the purpose set forth.
17. In a loom, the combination with the needle-frame 10, having thereon the
vertical extended-back staple, the revoluble crank and the part 43, having the
angular extension 104, engaging said staple, of the needle-frame 10%, having
the vertical extended-back staple, the intermediately pivoted lever having by its
one arm an engagement with said angular extension 104, and having on its other
arm an offset friction roller which has an engagement with the said staple of the
frame 10%, substantially as shown and described.
18. In a loom, the combination with a frame having combined therewith means
for imparting vertically reciprocatory movements and also lateral reciprocatory
movements thereto, and carrying a needle adapted for the placing of a thread
from a supply independent of the warp and weft, and the lay having in its reed a
cut-out section as described, of a guide reed at the rear of the said needle through
which the warps pass, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
19. In a loom, the combination with a frame having combined therewith means
for imparting vertically reciprocatory movements, and also lateral reciprocatory
movements, thereto, and carrying a needle adapted for the placing of a thread
from a supply independent of the warp and weft, and the lay having in its reed a
cut out section as described, of a guide reed at the rear of the said needle through
which the warps pass, which guide reed is adjustable transversely of the run of
the warp, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
20. In a loom, the combination with a needle-carrying frame having a needle
for laying a thread from a supply which is independent of the warp and weft and
adapted for, and having combined therewith means for imparting thereto move-
ments substantially as described, of a lay having in its reed cut-out sections, as
shown, and a member 115, secured in the lay-cap and embodying essentially a
horizontal rod-like part which has its position forward of the reed and at a height
slightly lower than the top of the short length reed rods, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
21. A loom having on the inner side of each of its frame standards an adjust-
able guiding member for steadying the lay, in combination with the other
arrangements shown in Fig. 8 substantially as set forth.
Dated this 12th day of May 1891.
JOSEPH WILLIAM CHENEY.
FRANK ARNOLD BOWEN.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.