Improvements in or connected with Gas Lamps or Burners.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Gas Lamps or Burners.
I, ARTHUR THOMAS METCALF JOHNSON, of No. 109, Calabria Road, Highbury,
in the County of Middlesex, Retired Civil Servant, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the drawings hereunto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say:-
My said invention relates to improvements in or connected with gas lamps or
burners, and has for its object to obtain a circular or Argand flame and to conduct
to the inner and outer walls of the flame a supply of air in such manner that
more perfect combustion and therefore a more brilliant flame will be obtained
without any increase in the consumption of gas.
In the accompanying drawings:-
-
Figure 1 is a vertical section taken on the line 1-1, of Figure 2, representing
a gas burner constructed according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan thereof.
Figure 3 is a similar view to Figure 2, but with the nipple of the burner
removed, and,
Figure 4 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, and looking
from below.
In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
a, represents a cylinder formed with a seat a', for the chimney c, whilst a
gallery a³, is provided to support a globe, when, desired.
The cylindrical casing a, is fixed with a hollow stem or boss 6, which, at its
lower end, is furnished with a threaded nipple b¹, adapted to screw into any
existing gas fitting and at its upper end is provided with a deflecting button 2.
Around the upper part of the stem or boss b, is arranged an annular chamber 63,
which is supported upon the upper ends of pipes or conduits. 64, the lower ends
of which are fixed with the tubular stem b, and communicate with the bore
thereof.
The annular chamber 63, is formed with an enlargement or seat at b5, and on
this seat 65, is dropped a hollow nipple 66, formed of steatite or other refractory
material, which at its lower part is open to the chamber 63, and at its upper part
is formed with a ring of perforations 60*, through which the gas issues as is well
understood, whilst beneath the nipple 66, and within the seat 63, is arranged a gas
distributor consisting of a ring of wire gauze or perforated metal 67, or several of
such rings might be employed, if desired.
The gas issuing from the perforations 66*, forms an annular belt of flame
which creates a rapid draught of air through the burner and these currents pass
through the length of the enclosed air way formed by the cylinder a, in the
direction indicated by the arrows in Figure 1, and the air passing to the interior
of the burner is, by the button head 62, caused to impinge upon the inner wall of
the flame at or near the point of ignition, whilst the air which passes outside

page_text: of the chamber 63, is conducted in close contact with the outer wall of said flame
and the currents of air thus promote or induce rapid combustion.
By the means hereinbefore described, an Argand burner is rendered much more
efficient and caused to give a brilliant white and steady light without materially
increasing the expenditure of gas, and without having recourse to incandescent
mantles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
-
1. In a gas lamp, the combination of a cylinder formed with a seat for the
chimney, a central hollow stem adapted to be connected with the gas pipe, an
annular chamber formed with a seat to receive the nipple and supported by pipes
or conduits from the hollow stem a short. distance from the. cylinder so as to.
leave a space between the parts,. a nipple adapted to fit the seat, a wire gauze gas
distributor placed within the annular chamber, a deflecting button carried. by. the
stem and a cylindrical chimney carried by the seat of the cylinder, the parts
being so arranged as to leave lengthened air ways up through the inside of the
burner and around the outside of the annular chamber and nipple, substantially
as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. In an Argand burner, a chimney holder extending so
some distance, below the
nipple of the burner and a chimney closely fitting the holder with an air way
between such chimney and the annular chamber and nipple, substantially as, herein
shown and described.
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