and other purposes.
Year: 1886

page_text: and other purposes.
I, WALLACE FAIRWEATHER, C.E., of the firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Fellows of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed (as communicated to me from abroad by The Babcock and Wilcox
Company of New York City in the United States of America, Steam Boiler
Manufacturers,) to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention consists in a manifold or header composed of a seamless tube of
wrought iron or other ductile material, constructed in polygonal form in cross-
section, and in sinuous or serpentine form longitudinally.
In the accompanying drawings Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, are side elevations of
a serpentine form of manifold showing various modifications of construction.
This serpentine form of header is produced by first subjecting a cylindrical blank
containing a square mandrel to compression between upper and lower dies,
constructed with plain faces, which changes the blank to an oblong form in cross-
section. The square mandrel is then removed and a sectional mandrel substituted
having two of its opposite sides constructed with flat parallel faces and the adjacent
opposite sides constructed with depressions corresponding to the serpentine form
required. This mandrel is made up of sectional parts or pieces that are held
together and in place by a central core or bar constructed with inclined or beveled
surfaces that act upon the sectional parts of the mandrel to retain the same in
position.
The upper and lower dies with plain faces, before referred to, are now adjusted
against the flat sides of the blank, and side dies, baving depressions on their acting
faces corresponding to the projecting surfaces of the serpentine faces of the mandrel,
are forced together and produce the corresponding serpentine form of blank, the
upper and lower dies retaining the blank in position until the action of the side
dies is completed. By relaxing and withdrawing the central core or bar of the

page_text: mandrel it collapses and the several sections of the latter are thereby released and
may be removed from the crooked interior of the blank. This latter method of
producing the serpentine headers forms substantially the subject matter of a
separate and independent application filed by me on 3rd March 1886, N° 3038.
The usual method of connecting a series of these headers together and to adjacent
parts, is by means of separate expanded nipples but with this particular kind of
header, the ends of the same may be drawn as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6,
whereby the nipple is formed as an integral part of the header and may be
expanded directly to an adjacent part, and when desired the end of the header
may be closed by welding it together, as shown in Figure 4, or welding in a
separate piece as shown in Figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me, I declare that what I claim is:―
A manifold or header composed of a seamless sinuous or serpentine tube of
wrought iron or other ductile material, constructed in polygonal form in cross-
section.