AN APPA- RATUS FOR REGULATING TENSION IN SPINNING FRAMES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "AN APPA-
RATUS FOR REGULATING TENSION IN SPINNING FRAMES."-A communication
from Hippolite Chaverondier, of Saint Germain, Laval, France.
Sealed the 13th February 1855, and dated the 7th December 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 7th December 1854.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING TENSION IN SPINNING FRAMES," (communicated
to me by Hippolite Chaverondier, of Saint Germain, Laval, France,) to be as
follows:-
This apparatus is intended to be applied to self-acting and other mules.
The object of the apparatus is to regulate the tension on the threads while
they are being wound on the spindles (pendant le renvidage), so as to allow
self-acting mules to work the higher numbers of threads. The apparatus
consists of two cylindrical shafts (A, B, and C, D,) fitted one over the other.

page_text: The lower shaft A, B, Figure 1, terminates at bottom in a pivot z, resting
in a socket. The upper end a, b, of this shaft is turned or made of smaller
diameter, so as to fit into the part marked c, d, of the hollow shaft C, D, (as
shewn in Figure 2). This part a, b, is provided at top with a collar and pin t,
which prevents any movement of the shafts in the direction of their length,
but at the same time leaves them free to revolve, either separately or together,
as may be required. X is a bevilled toothed wheel, on the hollow shaft C, D,
near the top, for actuating the shaft, which may, however, be set in motion by
any other suitable means. E, F, G, is a crank, fixed on the shaft C, D, a
cord I.
little below the wheel X. This crank is furnished with three grooved
pullies e, f, g, which guide the cord I on to a drum H on the shaft A, B.
To the upper part E of the crank is fixed a bent rod V, which stops
the drum H, when forced down by the weight S, by the gudgeon or
stop v fixed to the bottom of the drum coming against the rod V. The
shaft C, D, is hollowed out at h, i, to leave room for a pulley e and
Below the crank the shaft C, D, is screw-threaded (at p, q).
The bottom of this threaded portion rests on the flange r of the shaft A, B,
which thus serves as a socket. The cord I is wound round the drum H
on the shaft A, B. The nave of the drum is drilled out at J (Figure 3),
so as to enable it to slide freely the whole length of the shaft A, B. The
part of the nave is threaded, with a female screw, to allow it to be
screwed loosely on to the male screw p, q, on the shaft C, D. m, n, is a
groove on the shaft A, B, into which works a tongue u (Figure 3), fixed in the
nave of the drum H, whereby the drum is precluded from revolving round
the shaft A, B, but is still free to slide on the shaft in the direction of the
length of the same; or instead of this arrangement the groove may be in
the nave J instead of the shaft, and the tongue may be on the shaft instead of
on the nave. The cord I, which, as before stated, is fastened at one end to the
wheel H, is carried over the pullies g, f, e, then passes through the hollow
part of the shaft C, D, and is then carried over a pulley K, and made fast at
the other end to the weight S, which it supports, and which effects the tension of
the threads. The weight of S varies according to the degree of tension to be
imparted to the threads. y is a bevel toothed wheel on the shaft A, B, which
sets the spindles of the spinning frame in motion; or the spindles may be
actuated by any other suitable means. The action is as follows:-As soon as
the carriage of the spinning frame returns, in order to effect the winding of the
thread on the spindle (renvidage), rotary motion should be imparted to the shaft
C, D, by means of bevilled wheels or other suitable gearing, and a few more
turns should be given to the shaft than required to effect the before-mentioned

page_text: winding-on at the commencement of forming the bobbins, but as soon as
the carriage comes to the end of its travel, the motion imparted to the shaft
C, D, should be immediately stopped. The motion which actuates the spindles
of the spinning frame (by means of the bevil wheel y, should begin and cease
simultaneously with that of the shaft C, D. The Drawings do not shew the
parts which drive the shaft C, D, nor those which transmit motion from
the shaft A, B, to the spindles, nor the machinery which gears into the
bevil wheels, for these parts may be varied to suit the particular description of
machinery to which the Invention may be applied.
From the foregoing arrangement it results, that while the winding of
the threads on to the spindles is being effected, the cord I, by means
of the weight S and crank E, F, G, moves the drum H, and consequently
the shaft A, B, which shaft, by means of the wheel y, &c., imparts motion
to the spindles of the spinning frame; but as soon as the strain or tension
of the thread exceeds that due to the weight of the weight S, then the
drum H stops, or revolves more slowly, and the cord I winds spirally
round it. The thread of the male screw p, q, and the female screw or
nut o, should be of precisely the same diameter as the cord I, so that the
drum H may rise just the space of the diameter of the cord while the crank
E, F, G, describes a revolution round the drum; otherwise the cord I would
all coil or wind up on the same place, and the threads would no longer be
stretched in an uniform manner. When the movement communicated
to the shaft C, D, and that transmitted by the shaft A, B, are interrupted,
the weight S falls, and, by means of the cord I, causes the drum II, and shaft
A, B, to revolve in a reverse direction, and thereby the drum H, which during
the winding-off slightly rose, now descends and resumes its original position,
and is then ready to recommence the operation. The strain of tension on all
the threads taken collectively can therefore not exceed that exerted by the
weight of S, because it is dependent thereon, and hence the difficulty of wind-
ing threads of the higher numbers in self-acting spinning frames is thereby
obviated. In the Drawings, the arrows indicate the direction of the motion
during the operation of winding-off. The movement of the regulator being
liable to twist the cord I, the Inventor sometimes substitutes for it a chain of
the description shewn in Figure 5. Figure 4 shews accurately the relative
5 position of the three grooved pullies e, f, g, in relation to the drum H.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th May 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence, that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of. Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for " AN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING TENSION IN SPINNING
FRAMES," (communicated to me by Hippolite Chaverondier, of Saint Germain,
Laval, France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
This apparatus is intended to be applied to self-acting and other mules.
The object of the apparatus is to regulate the tension on the threads so as to
allow self-acting mules to work the higher number of threads. The apparatus
consists of two cylindrical shafts A, B, and C, D, fitted one over the other.
The lower shaft A, B, Figure 1, terminates at bottom in a pivot z, resting in
a socket. The upper end a, b, of this shaft is turned or made of smaller
diameter, so as to fit into the part marked c, d, of the hollow shaft C, D, (as

page_text: .
shewn in Figure 2). This part a, b, is provided at top with a collar and pin t,
which prevents any movement of the shafts in the direction of their length,
but at the same time leaves them free to revolve, either separately or together,
as may be required. X is a bevelled toothed wheel on the hollow shaft C, D,
near the top, for actuating the shaft, which may, however, be set in motion by
any other suitable means. E, F, G, is a cranked arm, fixed on the shaft C, D,
a little below the wheel X. This cranked arm is furnished with three grooved
pulleys e, f, g, which guide the cord I on to a drum H on the shaft A, B. To
the
upper part E of the cranked arm is fixed a bent rod V, which stops the
drum H, when forced down by the weight S, by the stop v fixed to the bottom
of the drum coming against the rod V. The shaft C, D, is hollowed out
at h, i; to leave room for a pulley e and cord I. Below the crank the
shaft C, D, is screw-threaded (at p, q). The bottom of this threaded portion
rests on the flanger of the shaft A, B, which thus serves as a socket. The
cord I is wound round the drum H on the shaft A, B. The nave of the
drum is drilled out at J (Figure 3), so as to enable it to slide freely the whole
length of the shaft A, B. The part 0 of the nave is threaded, with a female
screw, to allow it to be screwed loosely on to the male screw p, q, on the
shaft C, D. m, n, is a groove on the shaft A, B, into which works a tongue u
(Figure 3), fixed in the nave of the drum H, whereby the drum is precluded
from revolving round the shaft A, B, but is still free to slide on the shaft in the
direction of the length of the same; or instead of this arrangement the groove
may be in the nave J instead of the shaft, and the tongue may be on the
shaft instead of on the nave.
The cord I, which, as before stated, is fastened at one end to the wheel H,
is carried over the pulleys g, f, e, then passes through the hollow part of the
shaft C, D, and is carried over a pulley R, and made fast at the other end to
the weight S, which it supports, and which effects the tension of the threads.
The weight of S varies according to the degree of tension to be imparted to
the threads Y is a bevel toothed wheel on the shaft A, B, which sets the
spindles of the spinning frame in motion; or the spindles may be actuated by
any other suitable means.
The action is as follows:-As soon as the carriage of the spinning frame
returns, in order to effect the winding of the thread on the spindle, rotary
motion should be imparted to the shaft C, D, by means of bevel wheels or
other suitable gearing, and a few more turns should be given to the shaft than
required to effect the before-mentioned winding on. at the commencement of
forming the bobbins; but as soon as, the spindle carriage comes to the end
of its travel, the motion imparted, to the shaft C, D, should be immediately

page_text: 1
stopped. The motion which actuates the spindles of the spinning frame, by
means of the bevel wheel Y; should begin and cease simultaneously with that
of the shaft C, D. The Drawings do not shew the parts which drive the shaft
C, D, nor those which transmit motion from the shaft A, B, to the spindles,
nor the machinery which gears into the bevel wheels; for these parts may be
varied to suit the particular description of machinery to which the Invention
may be applied.
From the foregoing arrangement it results, that while the winding of the
threads on to the spindles is being effected, the cord I, by means of the weight
S and cranked arm E, F, G, moves the drum H, and consequently the shaft
A, B, which shaft, by means of the wheel Y, &c., imparts motion to the spindles.
of the spinning frame; but as soon as the strain or tension of the thread exceeds
that due to the weight of the weight S, then the drum H stops, or revolves
more slowly, and the cord I winds spirally round it. The pitch of the threads
of the male screw p, q, and the female screw or nut o, should coincide exactly
with the diameter of the cord I, so that the drum H may rise just the space
of the diameter of the cord while the cranked arm E, F, G, describes a
revolution round the drum; otherwise the cord I would all coil or wind up on
the same place, and the threads would no longer be stretched in an uniform
manner. When the movement communicated to the shaft C, D, and that
transmitted by the shaft A, B, are interrupted, the weight S falls, and, by
means of the cord I, causes the drum H and shaft A, B, to revolve, and
thereby the drum H, which during the winding-off slightly rose, now descends
and resumes its original position, and is then ready to recommence the
operation. The strain of tension on all the threads taken collectively can
therefore not exceed that exerted by the weight of S, because it is dependent
thereon, and hence the difficulty of winding threads of the higher numbers
in self-acting spinning frames is thereby obviated.
In the Drawings the arrows indicate the direction of the motion during the
operation of winding-off. The movement of the regulator being liable to
twist the cord I, the Inventor sometimes substitutes for it a chain of the
description shewn in Figure 5, in which the links are so connected together
by the swivels a, a, that they are capable of turning round without affecting
its length or its action upon the regulator.
Figure 4 represents accurately the relative position of the three grooved
pulleys e, f, g, in relation to the drum H.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, the regulating the
tension upon the threads in self-acting and other mules, by means of the

page_text: apparatus herein-before described, and represented in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of May, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-five.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)