IMPROVEMENTS A M LABELED BAR MANDRACTORING HEALDS OD HARNESS FOR LAAKE "
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Randal Harris, of Manchester, in the
56
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS
A M LABELED BAR MANDRACTORING HEALDS OD HARNESS FOR LAAKE "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Randal Harris
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th July 1875.
I, WILLIAM RANDAL HARRIS, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACFINERY FOR MANUFACTURING HEALDS OR HARNESS
FOR Looxs," to be as follows:
My Invention relates to a former Invention for which Her Majesty's
Royal Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of of February, in
the year One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, and numbered 590,
have been granted to me.

page_text: In the Specification of the said prior Invention was described appa-
ratus for untwisting the strands of yarn and inserting and fixing metal
eyelets between the strands, and for fixing eyelets on two yarns, and for
forming the eyeleted yarn into healds; and my present Invention consists
of improvements in such apparatus.
Immediately before the untwisting in the cycleting machine, the yarn
is clamped and an uniform pressure is put upon it so as to obtain an
uniform tension of the portion to be operated upon. The untwisting
spindles are formed with inner sliding tubes through which the yarn
passes, and the said tubes are slid forwards at the proper time to clamp
the yarn between the ends of the tubes and the inner ends of the said
spindles. During the untwisting of the strands a finger rests upon the
yarn between the two spindles, and presses the yarn down to a slight
extent. When the strands are untwisted by the rotation in opposite
directions of the said spindles, a central tongue rises to pass between the
strands and the said finger moves out of the way. Two side tongues
then rise, one in advance of the other, to separate the strands for the
admission of the cyclet, which is received on to the central tongue, the side
tongues then retiring. The upper die then descends on to the cyclet,
and after the spindles have been revolved in reverse directions to retwist
the strands, compresses the cyclet so as to clamp it upon the yarn.
The said central tongue is arranged to be in a line slightly diagonal
with reference to the axis of the said spindles. The vibrating eyelet
feeder is formed with a side channel in which the eyelets arrange them-
selves in line, and the said channel feeds the channel which conveys the
eyelets to the said central tongue. As the eyelets employed are of an
oval or elongated form, the ovalising in the cycleting machine is dis-
pensed with. The eyeleted yarn is drawn forwards by a wheel which is
furnished with tongues or pins which enter the eyelets, or is formed to
engage with or take hold thereof in order that a definite length of yarn
may be drawn forwards at each movement. In one arrangement the
yarn lies in a groove in the periphery of the wheel, and each eyelet
enters a notch or recess which crosses the said groove. I may cause
each eyelet to pass between and in contact with two burnishers as the
said wheel rotates. When the machine is actuated by power, I
transmit the notion through frictional gearing or a frictional clutch
which can be quickly released or thrown out of gear to stop the
machine, and I may employ excentric gearing to obtain a com-

page_text: paratively slow speed during the eyeleting, and a quicker speed when
the yarn is being drawn forwards.
When using two yarns in the formation of each heald the yarns are
caused to embrace the eyelet by the action of two forks which rise
near the end of each eyelet previously to the compression by the
upper die.
In the machine in which the eyeleted yarn is woven into sets of
healds, the yarn is drawn off from the bobbin by a wheel which engages
with each eyelet, as in the case of the wheel used to draw forwards the
yarn in the eyeleting machine, and a weight is held is suspension by
the said yarn so as to impart an uniform tension. The yarn passes
through an eye in a finger which is mounted on an arm which is caused
to vibrate by means of a reciprocating rack which gears with a pinion
fixed to or formed with the said arm. The said finger vibrates to and
fro and delivers the yarn alternately to the two hollow grooved spindles,
by means of which the loops of yarn are attached to the foundation cords.
As the yarn is carried to and fro the eyelets successively enter recesses
in a revolving wheel, the said recesses being formed to engage with
and to hold the eyelet.
The said wheel is also formed with side grooves
which receive the yarn. The revolving motion of the said wheel carries.
the eyelet upwards and towards the point of a rod or wire and pushes:
the eyelet thereon, and the eyelets thereby become successively threaded
upon the said rod or wire, which it is of advantage to retain in the
eyelets until the healds are sized or varnished or until they are
completed.
J

page_text: spindles are formed with inner sliding clamping tubes. During the
untwisting of the strands a finger rests upon the yarn between the two
spindles. When the strands are untwisted a central tongue rises, to
pass between the strands, and the said finger moves out of the way.
Two side tongues then rise, one in advance of the other, to separato
the strands for the admission of the eyelet which is received on to the
central tongue. The upper die then descends on to the eyelet and com-
presses the eyelet so as to clamp it upon the yarn. The vibrating eyelet
feeder is formed with a side channel in which the eyelets arrange them-
selves in line, and the said channel feeds the channel which conveys the
eyelets to the said central tongue. As the eyelets employed are of an
oval or elongated form the ovalising in the eyeleting machine is dis-
pensed with. The eyeleted yarn is drawn forwards by a wheel which
is furnished with tongues or pins which enter the eyelets, or is formed
to engage with or take hold thereof, in order that a definite length
of yarn may be drawn forwards at each movement. When the
machine is actuated by power I prefer to employ excentric gearing
to obtain a comparatively slow speed during the eyeleting, and a
quicker speed when the yarn is being drawn forwards.
In the machine in which the eyeleted yarn is woven into sets of
healds, the yarn is drawn off from the bobbin by a wheel which engages
with cach eyelet, as in the case of the wheel used to draw forwards the
yarn in the eyeleting machine, and a weight is held in suspension by
the said yarn so as to impart an uniform tension. The yarn passes
through an eye to a finger which is mounted on an arm which is caused
to vibrate by means of a rack which gears with a pinion fixed to or
formed with the said arm. The said finger vibrates to and fro, and
delivers the yarn alternately to the two hollow grooved spindles, by
means of which the loops of yarn are attached. to the foundation cords.
As the yarn is carried to and fro the eyelets successively enter recesses
in a revolving wheel, the said recesses being formed to engage with and
to hold the eyelet. The revolving motion of the said wheel carries the
eyelet upwards and towards the point of a rod or wire and pushes the
eyelet thereon, and the eyelets thereby. become successively threaded
upon the said rod or wire.

page_text: reference, corresponding marks indicating the same parts in the various
Figures.
Referring in this place to Sheet 1 of the said Drawings, Fig. 1 repre-
sents a front elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan of my improved eyeleting
machine; Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections taken at right angles to
Fig. 1, Fig. 3 being taken on the line A, and Fig. 4 on the line B; all
the said Figs. being drawn about one quarter of the full size. In the
said Figs. D is a shaft fitted to revolve in bearings fixed to the framing
of the machine, upon which shaft are fixed cams which impart move-
ment to the various parts of the machine. A standard E bolted to the
table F of the machine carries a bobbin G upon which the yarn is sup-
plied to the machine; the said yarn is formed of two yarns or threads
twisted together. The yarn from the said bobbin is led through a looped
wire a which acts merely as a tension weight and is depressed at
intervals by a vibrating lever b, shown also in Fig. 5, which is an end
view of the machine, but does not represent all the parts which might
be seen from the end. The said lever is mounted on a fulcrum at c and
is acted upon by a cam H, which causes the longer end of the lever, to
rise to permit the yarn to be drawn forward, the weight of the lever
when falling acting to draw a further supply of yarn from the said
bobbin; the yarn passes forward through a guide to a holding clamp d.
This clamp consists of a lever d which is mounted on a fulcrum e,
and is acted upon by a spring f, by means of which the end of the lever
is caused to press the yarn forcibly against a fixed bed g, over which the
yarn passes, the yarn being thus clamped or held fast. A second lever h
is also mounted on the fulcrum e and is acted upon by a spring & which
_tends_to_draw_down_the_front_end_of_the_lever, that is,_the_end_nearest
to the yarn. The rear end of the said lever is depressed at intervals by
a cam C fixed on the shaft D, and when so depressed the front part of
the lever comes into contact with a projection on the lever d, and
thereby raises the said lever, whereby the yarn is released and can be
drawn forwards.
"
49-5
When the cam C permits the front end of the lever to sink the
lever d is lowered on to the yarn and holds it fast, and the front end of
the lever is drawn down by the spring i until the resistance of the
yarn upon which the said end of the lever bears prevents any further
depression of the said end. The yarn is led from the lever h through a
guide.and through the hollow untwisting spindles j, k, which are fitted

page_text: "
to revolve in frames 1, 1. The inner ends of the said spindles are repre-
sented on a larger scale in Figs. 6 and 7. The inner end of cach
spindle, that is to say, the end nearest to the eyeleting apparatus,.is
formed with a cross bar 2, the surface of which is nearly coincident with
the centre of the spindle. Within the spindle a tube 3 is fitted to slide,
and the yarn passes through the said tube and between the end thereof
and the said cross bar, the effect being that when the said tube is pressed
forwards within the spindle towards the said cross bar the yarn is firmly
beld. The frame 1 of the spindle k, seen in Fig. 1, is fitted to be
adjusted nearer to or farther from the frame of the other spindle,
in order that the length of yarn held between the spindle ends may be
regulated. The outer ends of the tubes 3, 3, are formed with collars.
Two levers m, m, are mounted upon studs at n, n, and have their rear ends
formed to be acted upon at intervals by cams I fixed on the shaft D.
The front ends of the said levers are provided with coiled springs, one
end of each spring being attached to the lever, the other, end being
arranged to act upon the collar on one end of one of the tubes 3.. The
cams I are formed to move the ends of the levers sideways, whereby the
said levers are caused to swivel on their studs, and the front ends of the
said levers are moved nearer to the ends. of the spindles j, k, whereby
the springs upon the levers are caused to press against the collars on the
tubes 3, and the said tubes are thereby forced inwards so as to grip the
yarn. The springs on the ends of the levers impart an elastic-pressure,
which is maintained during the untwisting and retwisting of the strands
of the yarn.
A finger y, seen in Fig. 7, is attached. to the upper
end of a lever z, which is mounted on a stud a¹. Tlic inner end of the
said finger presses slightly upon the yarn, and ensures that the untwisted
strands shall lic side by side in a horizontal position, so as to facilitate
the separation of the two strands by the rising tongue herein-after
referred to. The lever is connected by means of a rod with the front
end' of a lever b', which is mounted on a stud c'. The rear end of the
said lever is acted upon at intervals by an incline d' on the spur disc J,
and the said lever is caused to swivel and to move the lever, so as to
bring the finger y over the tongue. When the said incline ceases to
act the lever is drawn back by a spring e', and the finger y is thereby
moved out of the way of the tongue. The spindles j, k, are caused to
rotate in opposite directions by means of cords, bands, or chains o. I have
found "gut" cords to be the most suitable for this purpose. Each cord
is attached by the middle to. the spindle ; or % and by the two.cnds to a
.
j

page_text: "
.
wheel p fixed on a shaft q, which is fitted to revolve in bearings in the
brackets attached to the framing. On one end of the said shaft is fixed
a spur pinion with which gears a spur segment formed on the front end
of a lever r, which is mounted on a shaft s arranged below the table F.
The other end of the said lever is provided with a bowl which enters a
groove in the main cam K, one side of which is seen in Fig. 3, and the
other side in Fig. 8. Each side of this cam is formed as a double "snail
cam to actuate two distinct levers, that is, four levers in all. The said
cam by causing the lever to rock on the shaft s imparts a rotatory
movement to the shaft q, and thereby to the wheels p, first in onc
direction and then after an interval of rest in the reverse direction. The
said wheels by means of the cords o impart a revolving motion to the
spindles j, k, the arrangement of the cords being such as that the onc
spindle always revolves in a direction contrary to the other spindle. The
first movement imparted to the spindles by the movement of the lever r
in the direction indicated in Fig. 3 effects the untwisting of the strands
of the yarn, the next movement in a contrary direction effecting the
retwisting of the strands. In the central space between the two
spindles j, k, is a die holder t, which is fitted into a recess in the table,
and is bored to receive a bush, the upper end of which is formed as a
dic. Within the said bush a tongue u, scen most clearly in Figs. 6
and 7, is fitted to slide. This tongue is made suitable in form to enter,
and in conjunction with the top and bottom dies to impart the finished
shape to the cyclet. The lower end of the tongue terminates in a rod
which is connected by means of links with the front end of a lever v,
which is mounted on the shaft 8. The said lever is acted upon by a
spring w, which tends to cause the said tongue to project through tho
lower die, as seen in Fig. 6. The said tongue is entirely withdrawn
below the top of the said die during certain intervals by the action of
the cam K on the lever v. I have found the point of the tongue to
enter better between the strands of the yarn when it is twisted slightly
out of the straight line of the strands.
Two side tongues 4 and 5 are fitted to slide in grooves formed one on
each side of the lower die. The upper ends of these tongues are tapered
in order that when rising they may separate the strands of the yarn,
and one tongue rises a little in advance of the other, as seen in Fig. 6,
this arrangement having been found to act the best. The lower ends of
these tongues project below the table F and are coupled to the front end

page_text: of a lever x which is mounted on the shaft s, and is acted upon by the
cam K so as to push up the two tongues above the die, and to withdraw
them below the top of the die at the required times. The oval brass
eyelets are placed in a receptacle L which is secured to one end of the
cranked lever f¹ which is fitted to vibrate on a stud 9' which is fixed to
the top of a standard M which is bolted to the table F. The other end
of the said lever is provided with a bowl which is kept in contact with
an outer rim formed on the cam K by means of a spring h¹. The said
rim is formed with several projections which impart a vibrating motion
to the said receptacle, whereby the eyelets are shaken down the
channel 6, as in my previous Invention. In the present receptacle I
have formed a side channel at 7 which leads into the channel 6, and
acts as a feeder thereto. The rim on the cam K is also formed with a
swell, which at the proper time causes the receptacle to move into the
position which will bring the outermost eyelet at the end of the
channel 6 into a position immediately over the upper end of the tongue .
On a shaft fixed across the standard M is mounted a lever j¹, the rear
end of which is acted upon by the cam K. The front end of the said
lever is fitted with an upper die which is so shaped as that when acting
in conjunction with the aforesaid lower die, it will close the metal eyelet
firmly on to the yarn and impart a smoothness and finish to the said
cyclet. The yarn proceeds from the spindle to the drawing forward
wheel N. This wheel is fixed on a shaft on which is also fixed a bevil
wheel m¹ which gears with a pinion ¹ which is mounted on a short
fixed shaft. To the pinion n¹ is attached a spur pinion o' to which is
attached an arrester p¹ which is formed to fit against the periphery of
the disc J so as to prevent the pinion o' from revolving, excepting at
the required times. A segment of spur teeth q¹ is fixed or formed on
the said disc, and at every revolution of the said disc gears with the
pinion o¹ and imparts a revolving motion thereto, the part of the
periphery of the disc against which the arrester p' bears, being cut
away for a sufficient distance to permit the said wheel to revolve. In
the example the gearing is so proportioned as that the wheel N is caused
to make half a revolution for each revolution of the shaft D. In the
periphery of the wheel N is formed a groove into which the yarn enters,
and at two opposite points are formed cross grooves 8, 8, into which the
metallic eylets enter. The wheel is partly surrounded by a shield l
which keeps the eyelets in the grooves 8. In lieu of the said grooves
tongues formed to enter the eyelets may be used, or the wheel N may be

page_text: otherwise formed to take a firm hold of each eyelet. The cycleted yarn
passes through or over guides from the wheel N to a reel O which is
driven by the shaft by means of a band, as seen in Fig. 1. The
shaft D receives motion from the driving shaft P through excentric
wheels Q, which are arranged to move the parts most slowly during the
time when the yarn is untwisted and separated by the tongues, and
most quickly when the eyeleting is completed and the yarn is being
drawn forwards. In the example the driving shaft is provided with
fast and loose pulleys, and the strap guide is arranged to be controlled
by means of a handle R in order that the motion of the parts may be
quickly arrested at any time. I have also applied a handle at one side
of the machine and connected it with the driving shaft by means of a
chain and chain wheels, so that when the strap is thrown off, the fast
pulley the parts may be actuated by hand, but it has not been con-
sidered necessary to illustrate this arrangement in the Drawings.
Having now described the means whereby the several parts of the
machine are actuated, I will proceed to describe the action of the said
parts: Supposing a length of yarn to have been drawn forwards the
lever & will descend and clamp the yarn, and the lever will bear
the yarn and will impart a tension to the
the wheel
upon
portion held between the
clamp d and the groove 8 in
N.
The cams I will now press
the rear ends of the levers m outwards, whereby the tubes 3 are caused
to clamp the yarn against the ends of the spindles. A short length of
yarn extending between the cross bars 2, 2, is thus firmly held, upon
the centre of which the finger y rests. The two spindles j, k, are
now caused to revolve in opposite directions until the two strands are
untwisted, and until they are stretched out in a straight line side by side;
the tongue " now rises and passes between the said strands, the finger y
moving sideways out of the way of the said tongue; the side tongues 4
and 5 also risc a little later than the central tongue, and separato the
two strands to a greater extent, as seen in Fig. 7. The end of the
channel 6 of the receptacle L has now been brought over the tongue u,
which receives an eyelet on to its end as it rises. The said receptacle
now moves out of the way, and the die fixed to the end of the lever j¹
descends on to the end of the said tongue and pushes it down until the
eyelet is lightly held between the upper and lower dies. The tongues 1
and 5 now recede, and the spindles j, k, are caused to revolve in reverse
directions to their first-named movements, whereby the strands of yarn

page_text: are permitted to retwist and to embrace the eyelet. The cam K is
formed to impart a slight further movement to the lever j¹ so as to
cause the upper die to give a final pinch to the eyelet, whereby it is
firmly clamped on the yarn and is finally shaped and finished. During
these operations the lever b has descended to draw a supply of yarn
from the bobbin G for the next operation, and the levers and d have
been raised to liberate the yarn; the upper die now rises, the clamping
tubes 3, 3, are released, and the wheel N performs half a revolution,
whereby the eyeleted portion of the yarn is drawn forwards and the
described operations are repeated. As the action of the parts which
more immediately act upon the yarn is of the most importance, the
details of the levers, cams, and appliances for obtaining such action may
be varied to some extent without departing from the nature and intent
of my Invention:
The machine for forming the cyeleted yarn into healds, is illustrated
on Sheet 2, wherein Fig. 9 is a side elevation, and Fig. 10, a plan of
the said machine.
The general arrangement of the machine is similar to the one
illustrated in the Specification of my said former Invention, the
important alterations being the addition of a drawing off wheels, of a
tension weight T, and of the apparatus U for receiving and threading.
the eyelets, and the substitution of a rack and pinion for the cord
formerly used to give motion to the arm V. The eyeleted yarn passes
from the bobbin W over or through a guide and around the wheel S.
The said wheel is fixed on a shaft m³ which is connected by gearing nª
with the driving shaft X. The said wheel is formed to take hold of the
metal eyelets, as in the case of the wheel N in the eyeleting machine;
in this example the said wheel is fitted at two points g, g, in its cir-
cumference with pins which engage with the eyelets, and is arranged to.
make one half revolution to each revolution of the driving shaft, the
result being that a definite measured length of yarn is delivered to the
machine at and for each operation of the arm V, and that the correct
position of the eyelet in such length is uniformly maintained. The
yarn passes from the wheel S, through a guide eye, under a grooved
pulley mounted on the weight T, and through a second
eye, the arrange-
ment being such as that the said weight is kept in a state of suspension
by the yarn, and therefore, imparts a constant and, uniform tension

page_text: thereto. The yarn passes from the said tension weight to the eye o
which is in the centre of revolution of the delivering arm V, as in my
previous Invention. The said arm is fitted with a finger p²; and is
mounted on a stud fixed to the vibrating arm q², as in my former In-
vention, but is now fitted or formed with a spur pinion 7 which gears
with a spur rack 8', which is secured to the framing of the machine.
As the arm q vibrates to and fro the arm V is caused to revolve first in
one direction and then in the other, and the finger p₁ in conjunction
with the eye of delivers the yarn alternately into the slots in the hollow
revolving spindles which secure the loops of yarn to the foundation
cords in the same manner as in my former Invention.
The driving shaft is geared with a second motion shaft u¹, which is
connected by bevil gearing with a side shaft v¹, which extends to the
rear end of the machine. A bevil pinion on the said side shaft gears
with a bevil wheel w¹, which is fixed on a shaft x¹, which is connected
by small spur wheels with a revolving wheel U represented on a larger
scale at Fig. 11. The axle of the said wheel is fitted to revolve in
bearings formed in a bracket, which is secured to a cross rail y³, and the
said wheel is formed with four grooves, which are formed to receive the
eyelets. On each side of the said wheel is a flanch, and each flanch is
also grooved to admit the yarn. Each alternate groove in each flanch
is made wider than the intermediate grooves to permit of the passage of
the eyelets, and the wider grooves in one flanch are opposed to tho
narrow grooves in the other flanch. A rod of a form suitable to
enter the eyelets extends from the wheel U to the rear end of the
machine, where it is secured, and the front end of this rod is tapered
and curved downwards, as seen in Fig. 11. A lever a is mounted on a
fulcrum 6, and one end of the said lever is raised at intervals by a cam
on the driving shaft. When so raised the other end of the lever presses
upon the end of the rod and steadies the same. Each time that the
arm V passes to one side or the other the yarn as it is delivered enters
one of the grooves in the wheel U, the eyelet passing through a large
groove in one of the flanches, and being arrested by the opposite smaller
groove in the other flanch. As the wheel U revolves the cyelets are
successively raised and pushed on to the end of the rod ¹, the end of
the lever d³ being raised each time that the eyelets are pushed forwards
on the said rod by the action of the said wheel,

page_text: The shaft imparts motion in the manner clearly shown to the
rods and the screw d², which are referred to in my, said former
Specification.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which I carry the same into practical
effect, I would have it to be understood that I claim,-
First. The arrangement and combination of parts acting substantially.
as and for the purpose set forth and indicated herein-before, and in
Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings:
Secondly. Imparting an uniform tension to a length of yarn held at
two fixed points for the purposes set forth.
Thirdly. The spindles for untwisting the yarn, formed, fitted, and
acting substantially as sot forth and indicated.
Fourthly. The central and side tongues 2, 4 and 5, formed and
acting in concert substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
indicated.
Fifthly. The vibrating tongue y acting substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and indicated.
Sixthly. The improvement in the eyelet feeder herein described and
indicated.
Seventhly. The method of drawing forwards the yarn by means
of a wheel formed or fitted to engage with or to take hold of the
eyelets.
Eighthly. The employment of excentric gearing for the purpose set
forth.
Ninthly. The arrangement and combination of parts acting substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated herein-before, and
in Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Tanth1.
1

page_text: And, lastly. The wheel U formed, fitted, and acting substantially as
and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Randal Harris, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-six.
Signed and sealed by the said
William Randal Harris, in the
presence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
Agent to the Patentee,
3, Princess Street,
W. R. HARRIS. (L.S.)
Albert Square,
Manchester.