IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES AND IN MEANS FOR SUPPLYING THE EXCITING LIQUID TO AND REMOVING IT FROM THE SAME
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
"
I PAUL RAOUL DE FAUCHEUX D'HUMY of Carlton Mansions Clapham Rise in the
County of Surrey Electrical Engineer do' liereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES AND IN MEANS FOR SUPPLYING THE
EXCITING LIQUID TO AND REMOVING IT FROM THE SAME" to be as follows:-
The present Invention relates principally to improvements upon an Invention
for which Letters Patent were granted to me dated October 27. 1882. N° 5108.
According to my present Invention I construct a series of Chambers-or cells in
the following manner I construct a frame of wood with the required divisions to
form the various Chambers or cells but with no bottom attached thereto I also
construct a bottom in the form of a shallow tray the bottom of which is pierced
with a number of holes corresponding with the various chambers or cells in the
wooden frame above described I also form a reservoir or tank provided with a
top fixed a short distance below the upper edges of the sides of such tank so as
to form a shallow tray at the top of such reservoir or tank The top of the said,
reservoir or tank is formed with a number of small holes corresponding in position
with the Chambers or cells and holes before mentioned In each of the small
holes in the top of the reservoir or tank I place a tube of glass earthenware
enamelled iron or other suitable material the lower end of which extends nearly to
the bottom of the Reservoir or tank whilst the upper end which is enlarged and
formed with a socket or recess rests upon the perforated top of the reservoir or
tank In each of the said sockets is placed the lower end of a porous cell which
has a central perforation at the bottom, the shallow tray is then placed in position
so as to rest on the enlarged parts of the glass or earthenware tubes with a porous
cell standing up through and fitting somewhat closely each hole of such perforated
shallow tray, the bottomless frame is then placed in position in the shallow tray
thereby forming a number of outer chambers or cells with a porous cell in the
centre of each.
The various parts where they fit together as above described are coated with
solid paraffin or other suitable material so that when fixed in position, hermetically
tight joints are formed, which at the same time permit of the ready dismounting
of the various parts. The reservoir or tank is formed air tight so that by means

page_text: of a pipe connected thereto and supplied with compressed air the exciting liquid
for the porous cells can be made to rise up the glass or earthenware tubes into said
porous cells or by withdrawing the pressure said liquid is allowed to flow out of
the porous cells into the reservoir or tank By the above construction I am
enabled to make the tubular continuations of the porous cells of any required
strength whilst in the event of any leakage arising the same is caused to flow
away from the chambers or cells and not to mix with the liquid in the interior of
either the outer or the porous cells, such leakage liquid (if any) being received by
the shallow tray forming the top of the reservoir or tank from which it is
conducted away by a suitable pipe or trough.
I also in some cases arrange a series of chambers or cells and tanks or reser-
voirs constructed as above described at different levels one above another and
connect all the tanks or reservoirs to a common pipe by which pressure can
be simultaneously applied to or removed from the liquid in the various tanks or
reservoirs.
I also cause the outer cells or chambers to communicate with each other in
series and I connect each series with a pipe so as to enable the liquid contained in
such outer cells to be drawn off when required.
I supply the exciting liquid for the porous cells to the tanks or reservoirs from a
supply tank placed above the same and provided with a communicating tube and
a screw down or other valve so as to enable the communication between such
tanks to be opened or closed when desired.
In order to facilitate the supply or removal of the exciting liquid from any of
the cells or chambers in the event of a lower supply reservoir or tank not being
employed or in the event of its being desired to strengthen or weaken the exciting
liquid in the cells or chambers.,
I employ an apparatus constructed as follows. I form a glass vessel with a long
spout at the lower end thereof; at the upper end of this glass vessel I connect a
smaller collapsible chamber formed of caoutchouc by which means on compressing
this collapsible chamber and then allowing it gradually to expand when the spout
of the glass vessel is immersed in the exciting liquid the said liquid is caused to
rise into such glass vessel then on applying the spout to a cell or chamber the same
can be supplied with a fresh quantity of exciting liquid if however from any cause
it should be desired to empty or partially empty a porous cell or chamber such can
be readily effected by the aid of the above described apparatus.
In using this supply apparatus in combination with the porous cells I employ a
hollow carbon or other negative and pass the spout of the supply vessel down the
space therein nearly to the bottom of the cell then by collapsing the caoutchouc
ball or chamber the exciting liquid contained in the feeder is forced down and
caused intimately to mix with the liquid previously in such cell.
Dated this 31st day of January 1884,

page_text: I PAUL RAOUL DE FAUCHEUX D'HUMY of Carlton Mansions, Clapham Rise in
the County of Surrey, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
gaid Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN GALVANIC BATTERIES AND IN MEANS FOR
SUPPLYING THE EXCITING LIQUID TO AND REMOVING IT FROM THE SAME and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates principally to improvements upon an invention for
which Letters Patent were granted to me dated October 27. 1882 N° 5108.
My present invention is represented in the accompanying drawings in which
Figures 1 and 2 are vertical cross sections drawn at right angles to each other of
a galvanic battery consisting of a single set or series of cells or chambers. Figure 3
is a side elevation partly in section and Figure 4 is an end elevation of a galvanic
battery consisting of several series of cells or chambers placed at different levels.
Figure 5 is a vertical section of a porous cell and its connected tube.
Figure 6 is a vertical section and Figure 7 is a plan of a compound carbon with
a central hole or perforation therein and suitable for a cylindrical porous cell.
Figures 8 and 9 are similar views representing compound carbons for an elongated
or oval, porous cell and Figure 10 is a section of a filler to be used with the porous
cells above referred to, drawn to a larger scale than the previous figures and which
may be of other form.
According to my present invention I construct a series of chambers or cells in
the following manner. I construct a frame a of wood with the requisite divisions a¹
to form the various chambers or cells but with no bottom attached thereto.
I also construct a bottom in the form of a sballow tray b the bottom of which is
pierced with a number of holes 6' corresponding with the various chambers or cells
in the frame a.
I also form a reservoir or tank c provided with a top c¹ fixed a short distance
below the upper edges of the sides c* of such tank so as to form a shallow tray at
the top of such reservoir or tank c. The top of the said reservoir or tank 'c is
formed with a number of small holes c³ corresponding in position with the chambers
or cells formed by the divisions a¹ and holes b' before mentioned. In each of the
small holes ca in the top of the reservoir or tank c I place a tube d of glass,
earthenware, enamelled iron or other suitable material the lower end of which
extends nearly to the bottom of the reservoir or tank c whilst the upper end which
is enlarged and formed with a socket or recess d' rests upon the perforated top c¹
of the reservoir or tank c.
P
"
"
In each of the said sockets d' is placed the lower end of a porous cell e which
has a central perforation e¹ at the bottom, the shallow tray b is then placed in
position so as to rest on the enlarged parts of the glass or earthenware tubes d
with a porous cell e standing up through and fitting somewhat closely each hole b¹
of such perforated shallow tray b the bottomless frame a is then placed in position
in the shallow tray b thereby forming a number of outer chambers or cells with
a porous cell e in the centre of each.
The various parts where they fit together as above described are coated with solid
paraffine or other suitable material so that when fixed in position hermetically
tight joints are formed, which at the same time permit of the ready dismounting
F
I

page_text: of the various parts. The reservoir or tank c is formed air tight so that by means
of a pipe c* connected thereto and supplied with compressed air the exciting liquid
for the porous cells e can be made to rise up the glass or earthenware tubes d into
Baid porous cells e or by withdrawing the pressure said liquid is allowed to flow
out of the porous cells e into the reservoir or tank c. By the above construction
I am enabled to make the tubular continuations of the porous cells of any
required strength whilst in the event of any leakage arising the same is caused
to flow away from the chambers or cells e and not to mix with the liquid in the
interior of either the outer or the porous cells, such leakage liquid (if any) being
received by the shallow tray forming the top of the reservoir or tank c from which
it is conducted away by a suitable pipe c³ or trough.
I also in some cases arrange a series of chambers or cells a e and tanks or reservoirs c
constructed as above described at different levels one above another as shown at
Figures 3 and 4 and connect all the tanks or reservoirs c to a common pipe c* by
which pressure, can be simultaneously applied to or removed from the liquid in the
various tanks or reservoirs c-c is an outlet cock for drawing off exhausted liquid
from tanks C. c7 are gauges by which the height of liquid in tanks c can be
readily seen.
I also cause the outer cells or chambers to communicate with each other in series
by means of the holes a³ in the divisions a¹ and I connect each series with a pipe a³
so as to enable the liquid contained in such outer cells to be drawn off when
required. I supply the exciting liquid for the porous cells to the tanks or reservoirs
from a supply tank f placed above the same and provided with a communicating
tube f¹ and a screw down or other valve f' so as to enable the communication
between such tanks to be opened or closed when desired, and I supply the outer
cells or chambers with their exciting liquid from a tank or reservoir f³ and by
means of pipes f* and taps f³.
In order to facilitate the supply or removal of the exciting liquid from any of
the cells or chambers in the event of a lower supply reservoir or tank c not being
employed or in the event of its being desired to strengthen or weaken the exciting
liquid in the cells or chambers e I employ an apparatus constructed as follows.
I form a glass vessel g as shown at Figure 10 with a long spout g¹ at the lower end
thereof; at the upper end of this glass vessel g I connect a smaller collapsible
chamber g formed of caoutchouc by which means on compressing this collapsible
chamber g and then allowing it gradually to expand when the spout of the glass
vessel g is immersed in the exciting liquid, the said liquid is caused to rise into
such glass vessel g then on applying the spout to a cell or chamber'e the same can
be supplied with a fresh quantity of exciting liquid; if however from any cause
it should be desired to empty or partially empty a porous cell or chamber e such
can be readily effected by the aid of the above described apparatus.
In using this supply apparatus in combination with the porous cells I employ
a hollow carbon or other negative see Figures 6. 7. 8. 9 and pass the spout g¹ of
the supply vessel g down the space therein nearly to the bottom of the cell e then
by collapsing the caoutchouc ball or chamber g² the exciting liquid contained in
the feeder g is forced down and caused intimately to mix with the liquid previously
in such cell e.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First: The peculiar method of constructing a series of outer cells or chambers
and of fitting the inner or porous cells therein substantially as herein shown and
described.
Second: The peculiar method of connecting descending pipes to the bottoms of
the inner or porous cells substantially as herein shown and described.
Third: The peculiar combination of outer cells or chambers a, porous cells or
chambers e, sockets d³, tubes d, tanks or reservoirs c, f and f³, screw down or other

page_text: valve and the various feeding communicating and discharge pipes and taps
substantially as herein shown and described.
Fourth: The peculiar arrangement and combination of parts substantially as
herein shown and described with respect to Figures 3 and 4: and,
Fifth The feeding apparatus substantially as herein shown and described with
respect to Figure 10.