IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES." - A communication from
abroad by John F. Foss, of Lowell, Middlesex County, Massa-
chusetts, and Gustavus E. Taft, of Northbridge, Worcester County,
Massachusetts, United States of America.
· PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd May 1872.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES," a communication to me
from abroad by John F. Foss, of Lowell, Middlesex County, Massa-
chusetts, and Gustavus E. Taft, of Northbridge, Worcester County,
Massachusetts, United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in self-stripping cards
of carding engines, whereby a more simple and easy running self-
stripper is obtained, and a greater protection from lint and dust from the
carding room effected.

page_text: The objections to the strippers formerly in use were, first, that the
frame lacked firmness, being connected only at the top, so that it was
necessary to have racks and driving apparatus on both sides of the card
and the weights for counterpoise on the outside of the cards; second,
they did not accomplish the lifting, stripping, and replacing of the top
cards quick enough, but kept the taps or flats elevated so long that the
accumulations of the open space were liable to show on the daffer and
in the sliver; third, that the parts for operating the self-stripper were
exposed and cumbersome.
According to this Invention a curved mangle wheel rack having the
requsite number of teeth or pins for the cards to which it is to be
applied, is fixed to one side of the main frame of the carding engine,
over which rack the traversing frame carrying the lifting and stripping
mechanism is caused to travel to and fro at the requisite speed and at
suitable intervals in the manner herein-after described.
The stripping and lifting mechanism is driven from the main shaft
of the carding engine by a driving strap, which passes over a pulley
carried on the traversing frame of the stripping mechanism; and on
the axis of this pulley there is connected a toothed wheel which gears
with a second toothed wheel working loosly on a shaft carried by a
swinging frame or plate pivoted to the frame of the stripper. A portion
of the hub or boss of the last-mentioned wheel is eccentric, and has
mounted thereon a wheel provided with a covering flange and guiding
projections, such wheel having teeth formed on its periphery which
gear into teeth formed on the interior of a rim or periphery of another
wheel on the same shaft, and in such a manner as that one revolution
of the first-mentioned wheel will cause the last-mentioned wheel to
revolve to the extent of one tooth. The boss of the last-mentioned
wheel is also made eccentric, and carries another wheel with external
teeth, covering flange, and guiding projections; every revolution of the
eccentric on which it is mounted imparts motion to the extent of one
tooth to another internal toothed wheel carried on a boss formed on the
swinging frame, and through which boss the spindle carrying these gear
wheels passes.
The last-mentioned wheel, which I term the "skip wheel," is provided
on its external periphery with inclined teeth or projections placed at
suitable intervals and in numbers suited to the number of top cards
to be operated upon. On one extremity of the spindle, which carries

page_text: the differential gear wheels above described, there is fitted a cam pro-
vided with cam surfaces and a concentric portion which as it revolves
engages with the teeth or pins in the stationary rack, herein first
described, so as to move the traversing frame and stripping mechanism
to and fro at intervals. That part of the traversing frame which is
below the centre of oscillation is placed inside the carding engine
framing, the two opposite ends being connected together beneath the
carding drum by a transverse bar, which also serves as a counter-
weight, thus imparting firmness to the traversing frame. A trip lever
acted upon by a spring is carried by the traversing frame, and by
pressing against the longer arm of a catch maintains the hooked
end of a shorter arm of the same catch in contact with the teeth or
periphery of the skip wheel, the said trip lever being acted upon by a
check or tappet at each revolution of a cam wheel carrying a sector. The
cam wheel has a break or blank space in its periphery without teeth,
and the sector has just sufficient teeth to fill in the said blank space
when allowed to fall by the backward motion of the trip lever, releasing
a check or stop in connection with the said sector. The skip wheel by
its teeth and intervening spaces operating in connection with the catch
above referred to, and with the trip lever, checks, and sector ensures that
the top cards shall be stripped and passed over in the order required.
On the opposite end of the same shaft which carries the segmental cam
wheel there is fitted a corresponding cam, but without teeth in its
periphery; parallel slides are also carried in the upper part of the
traversing frame. Strengthening inclined flanges are employed in con-
nection with the lifting lugs used for elevating the cards.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 2nd November 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-

page_text: fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special
license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES," a communication to me from abroad ]
by John F. Foss, of Lowell, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, and
Gustavus E. Taft, of Northbridge, Worcester County, Massachusetts,
United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly:
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to certain improvements in self-stripping
cards of carding engines, whereby a more simple and easy running self-
stripper is obtained, and a greater protection from lint and dust from the
carding room effected.
. The objections to the strippers formerly in use were, first, that the
frame lacked firmness, being connected only at the top, so that it was
necessary to have racks and driving apparatus on both sides of the card
and the weights for counterpoise on the outside of the cards; second,
they did not accomplish the lifting, stripping, and replacing of the top
cards quick enough, but kept the tops or flats elevated so long that the
accumulations of the open space were liable to show on the doffer and
in the sliver; third, that the parts for operating the self-stripper were
exposed and cumbersome.

page_text: According to this Invention a curved mangle wheel rack, having the
requisite number of teeth or pins for the cards to which it is to be
applied, is fixed to one side of the main frame of the carding engine,
over which rack the traversing frame carrying the lifting and stripping
mechanism is caused to travel to and fro at the requisite speed and at
suitable intervals in the manner herein-after described.
The stripping and lifting mechanism is driven from the main shaft of
the carding engine by a driving strap, which passes over a pulley carried
on the traversing frame of the stripping mechanism; and on the axis of
this pulley there is connected a toothed wheel which gears with a
second toothed wheel working loosely on a shaft carried by a swinging
frame or plate pivoted to the frame of the stripper. A portion of the
hub or boss of the last-mentioned wheel is eccentric, and has mounted
thereon a wheel provided with a covering flange and guiding projections,
such wheel having teeth formed on its periphery which gear into teeth
formed on the interior of a rim or periphery of another wheel on the
same shaft, and in such a manner as that one revolution of the first-
mentioned wheel will cause the last-mentioned wheel to revolve to tho
extent of one tooth. The boss of the last-mentioned wheel is also
made eccentric, and carries another wheel with external teeth, covering
flange, and guiding projections; every revolution of the excentric on
which it is mounted imparts motion to the extent of one tooth to
another internal toothed wheel carried on a boss formed on the swinging
frame, and through which boss the spindle carrying these gear wheel
passes.
The last-mentioned wheel, which I term the "skip wheel," is pro-
vided on its external periphery with inclined teeth or projections placed
at suitable intervals and in numbers suited to the number of top cards
to be operated upon. On one extremity of the spindle, which carries the
differential gear wheels above described, there is fitted a cam provided
with cam surfaces and a concentric portion, which as it revolves engages
with the teeth or pins in the stationary rack, herein first described, so as
to move the traversing frame and stripping mechanism to and fro at
intervals. That part of the traversing frame which is below the centre
of oscillation is placed inside the carding engine framing, the two
opposite ends being connected together beneath the carding drum by a
transverse bar, which also serves as a counterweight, thus imparting
firmness to the traversing frame. A trip lever acted upon by a spring
.

page_text: is carried by the traversing frame, and by pressing against the longer
arm of a bent lever maintains the hooked end of a shorter arm of the
same in contact with the teeth or periphery of the skip wheel, the said
trip lever being acted upon by a check or tappett at each revolution of a
cam wheel carrying a sector. The cam wheel has a break or blank
space in its periphery without teeth, and the sector has just sufficient
teeth to fill in the said blank space when allowed to fall by the backward
motion of the trip lever releasing a check or stop in connection with the
said sector. The skip wheel by its teeth and intervening spaces operating
in connection with the bent lever above referred to, and with the trip
lever, checks, and sector ensures that the top cards shall be stripped and
passed over in the order required. On the opposite end of the same shaft
which carries the segmental cam wheel there is fitted a corresponding
cam wheel, but without teeth in its periphery. Parallel cross slides
are also carried in the upper part of the traversing frame. Strengthening
inclined flanges are employed in connection with the lifting lugs used
for elevating the cards.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheets of Drawings,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) is a side elevation of a carding engine with the
improved self-stripper attached drawn to a scale of one-quarter the full
size.
Figure 2 is a corresponding transverse sectional elevation shewing
part of the carding engine, and that side of the stripping frame which
is provided with the traversing mechanism.
Figure 3 (Sheet 2) is a full-sized section through the skip wheel,
differentials, eccentrics, and parts in connection therewith, the shaft or
spindle round which they revolve, and to which the traversing cam is
secured, being shewn in elevation. Figure 4 is a corresponding transverse
vertical section taken along the line 1-2, in Figure 3, and looking in
the direction of the arrow in that Figure.
Figure 5 is an edge view of the skip wheel.
Figure 6 is a vertical section through the axis of one of the differential

page_text: Figure 7 is an edge view of another of the differential gear wheels.
The rest of the Figures are details which I shall herein-after more fully
describe and refer to.
A is the frame of the carding engine; B is the driving pulley which is
either fixed or loose on the main shaft of the card cylinder, from which
through the belt C motion is communicated to the pulley D on the
traversing frame E, carrying the stripping mechanism herein-after
described.
The pulley D is cast in one with the gears F and G, and revolves freely
on a long boss or collar herein-after referred to, working freely on the
stud H fixed in the frame E, and consequently the gear F rotates with
the pulley; this gear F drives the wheel I (see Figure 3). The latter
has for part of its hub the eccentric K, one revolution of which causes
the gear L (shewn in detail, Figure 7) of the differentials which is
mounted thereon, and prevented from revolving on its axis by the pro-
jecting lugs 1ª, 1ª, forming part of the protecting or covering flanges 1ª,
to advance the larger gear M. (see detail, Figure 6) of the internal toothed
differentials one tooth. This internal toothed gear M is mounted on the
spindle N and has for part of its hub another eccentric O, shown also in
Figure 4, one revolution of which causes the gear wheel L' (Figure 4) of
the second set of differentials which is mounted thereon to advance the
wheel M'one tooth. The periphery of this internal gear wheel M¹ forms
the skip wheel (herein-after more fully described) which is thus driven
at the slow speed required by a condensed and effective arrangement
of mechanism, such mechanism being obviously equally applicable
for other purposes where a considerable reduction in speed is required
in a small space. The hub of the internal tooth wheel M. has a notch
or recess a (see Figure 6) which receives a pin 6 passed through the
spindle or shaft N (see Figure 3), and thus causes the said spindle to
revolve along with the wheel M and to impart the desired speed of
rotation to the traversing cam P (shown in face view in Figure 8), which
is secured to the spindle N.
The parts above described constituting the differential movement, and
which are mounted on the spindle N, are carried in a swinging frame Q,
which is shewn full size at Figure 9. The long boss or collar bearing R
of this frame Q fits over the stud H, as before described, so as to allow
the swinging frame Q to turn freely upon it.

page_text: The end c of the shaft or spindle N travels in the upper and lower
grooves d and e of the rack S (Figures 1 and 2), and in doing so causes
the swinging plate Q to turn upon its stud centre H in order to allow it
to pass from the upper to the lower groove of the rack at each end
thereof. The boss f in the swinging frame Q forms a bearing for one
end of the spindle N, the other end bearing in the hub of the wheel I
(see Figure 3) which is held by the cross strap Q¹ of the frame Q. The
stud 9 in the frame Q carries the bent lever T, the longer arm of which
bears upon the trip lever U, whilst the shorter arm bears against the
teeth and periphery of the skip wheel M', as shewn clearly in the detail,
Figure 10 (Sheet 1).
g
The cam P which is fast on the spindle N, travels on the pins h, h, of
the mangle wheel rack 8 (Figure 1), and in so doing moves the
traversing frame E back and forth.
In Figure 1 the concentric part i of the groove in the cam P, shewn
clearly in Figure 8) is about to receive one of the pins h of the rack and
the cam is revolving, as indicated by the arrow, and the traversing
frame E will consequently remain stationary whilst the top flat is being
lifted and stripped, as herein-after described, and the concentric part i of
the groove is turning over the rack pin h, but when the nose or pro-
jecting part of the cam P acts upon the previous pin h of the rack it
advances the frame E till the part (k) of the groove catches on to the
next pin of the rack, and continues to advance the frame E until the
pin comes to the concentric part i of the cam groove, and so on with each
pin in the rack.
When the concentric part (1) of the groove of the cam P is passing
over a pin the traversing frame E as before stated is stationary, and the
top flats are being raised and stripped by means of the pinion G,
segmental cam wheel V, and the cam wheel V', the two latter being
mounted on the transverse shaft V", as herein-after explained, but when
the cam surfacej of the cam P is acting on one of the pins h of the rack
the frame E is being moved from one top card to another as already
mentioned.
In order to remedy the first of the objections herein-before referred to,
that part E¹ of the frame E which is below the axis of oscillation is
placed inside the frame A of the carding engine, and the lower ex-
tremities of the main arms are connected by the bar (W) (sco Figure 2)

page_text: which also serves as a counterpoise, whilst it forms the connection
necessary for imparting the stiffness and stability required.
As one rack S has according to the improved arrangement to do the
entire work, it must of necessity be made stronger and be fitted with
stouter pins for the cam P to operate upon. The second objection
before mentioned is obviated by combining the skip wheel M with the
cam wheels V and V³, herein-after more fully referred to, in the fol-
lowing manner :-It is necessary to drive the skip wheel M³ very slowly
as compared with the pinion G, which actuates the stripping mechanism.
The arrangement shewn in the Drawings requires about 2600 revolutions
of the pinion G, wheel F, and pulley D to one of the skip wheel M³.
One revolution of skip wheel carries the frame E to and fro twice along
the rack. As shewn in Figure 1 the skip wheel turns in the direction
indicated by the arrow, and the frame E is at the top card 10, which top
cards are numbered consecutively from one to eighteen, corresponding.
numbers being marked on the teeth of the skip wheel. The spring
(Figure 2) causes the trip lever U (Figure 10) to bear against the longer
arm of the bent lever T, so as to keep the point m of the shorter arm
pressing against the smooth periphery (or against the teeth as the case
may be) of the skip wheel M³. When the frame E is traversing towards
the doffer, and the end c of the axis N of the cam P is in the lower
groove e of the rack S, and the point m of the bent lever T. is bearing
against the smooth part of the periphery of the skip wheel M³, as clearly
shown in Figure 10 and also in dotted lines in Figure 1, no flat will be
stripped till the axis N of the cam P has passed round the end pin h of
the rack into the upper groove d, when the frame E will stop at the
flat 17, and the tooth 17 on the skip wheel will act upon the trip
lever U through the lever T and effect the lifting and stripping of the
flat 17. This is effected in the following manner:-The tooth 17
of the skip wheel bearing upon the point m of the lever T causes the
longer arm thereof to push the trip lever U. till its upper end passes
the check n on the sector X, and allows the sector to drop.slightly,
causing the check o to strike and rest upon the top of the trip lever,
thereby bringing the teeth X of the sector X, shown clearly in
Figure 11, Sheet 3) nearly into gear with the pinion G, the sector X
being pivotted at p to one of the arms of the segmental cam wheel V.
When the tooth 17 of the skip wheel has passed the point m of the
lever T, the spring brings the trip lever U from under the second

page_text: check o, and allows the teeth X' of the sector to fall into gear with the
pinion G, as shown in red lines in Figure 11, and complete the round
in the segmental cam wheel V by filling the vacancy therein; this at
once brings into operation the cam groove Y (Figure 11), which raises
the top flat and the cam groove Z, which actuates the stripper, as shown
by the Drawings.
Figure 12 is a front elevation of the upper part of the traversing
frame E; Figure 13 is a side elevation of the same; Figure 14 is a cross
section, shewn in red lines, of the top end of the traversing frame, with
the slide 9 and its lifting lugs in place; and Figure 15 is a front ele-
vation of the same. The position of one of the top flats engaged between
the lifting lugs r, r, is shewn in red lines. 8, 8, are flanges or ribs for
strengthening the upper part of the arm E, which would otherwise be
weakened by the recess t (Figures 12 and 13), which receives the cross
slide (Figures 16 and 17) of the stripper card v. If the top flats
should fail to fall to their position after being stripped, the inclines w at
the bottoms of the ribs s tend to push them well home to their places.
The cam wheel V, sector ✗, and pinion G are shewn full size in
Figure 11, whilst Figures 11° and 11 represent a portion of the cam
wheel V¹, which is like the wheel V except that, instead of teeth in the
periphery, it has a projection a notched to receive the double bevilled
catch y, which is pressed against it by the spring z, and serves to keep
the cam wheels in the position shewn till the teeth of the sector X fall
into the pinion G, and complete the circle of teeth in the periphery
of the cam wheel V. When the antifriction bowl 1, Figures 14 and 15,
attached to the slide q is in that part of the cam groove Y which is
farthest from the axis of the cam wheel, the top flat is down, but when
the rotation of the cam wheel V carries the bowl 1 up to near the centre
of the cam wheel, the lifting lugs engaged with the two ends of the top
card move with the said slide q, and as the cam wheel travels over the
other half of its circuit replace it after it has been stripped. After the
cam wheel V has made one revolution, the check n on the sector X will
rest upon the top of the trip lever U, and the teeth X³ of the sector will
consequently be held out of gear or in the position shewn in black lines
in Figure 11, till near the time of stripping another flat, the pinion G
turning in the vacancy of the wheel V, which the teeth of the sector X
are made to fill at intervals. The tooth 15 of the skip wheel then
operates on the point m of the lever T, and the top flat 15 is stripped as

page_text: herein-after described, then the tops 13, 11, 9, 7, 5, 3, 1; in succession,
till the end c of the axis N of the cam P passes from the upper groove d
of the rack to the lower groove e, whilst the axis of the cam P is passing
round the end of the rack in to the lower groove, the point m of the
lever T is moving on the blank part a³ of the skip wheel between the
teeth 1 and 2. The frame E next stops at the flat 2, which is stripped,
then at the flats 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 in succession. The axis
of the cam P then passes round the opposite end of the rack into the
upper grooved, but it strips nothing by reason of the point m of the
lever T traversing the plain part 6', 6', of the skip wheel till it arrives at
the teeth 5, 3, and 1 in succession, and effects the raising and stripping
of the corresponding top flats. The axis-of the cam P then passes
round the right hand end of the rack S, the point m of the lever T
passing over the blank part c¹ of the skip wheel till the frame E stops
at the flat 2 and strips it, then 4, then 6, and then goes on without
stripping whilst the point m is traversing the blank part d' of the skip
wheel, and after passing round the end of the rack it stops at flat 17,
thus completing one revolution of the skip wheel M¹.
The description and Drawings above referred to have reference to the
head or driving side of the stripping mechanism.
The corresponding traversing arm E on the opposite side of the
carding engine carries only the cam wheel V1, with the projection *,
spring catch y, and the cross slide u, as shewn in Figures 16 and 17;
also the lifting lugs, which are symetrical to those r, r, before described,
the gearing and driving parts being thus all situate on one side of the
carding engine. The operation of the stripper slides u is as follows:-
When the antifriction bowls 2 on the slides u are in the concentric parts
of the grooves Z, the top flat is being lifted by the cam grooves Y, but
when raised and the bowls 2 enter the eccentric part of the cam groove,
the stripper card v is advanced so as to pass it under the teeth of the
elevated top card till the bowl 2 passes near the axis of the wheels V
and V', and as it moves outwards towards the concentric portion of the
grooves near the periphery, it withdraws the stripper card again from
under the top card, leaving the top card free to be replaced again in its
position near the main carding cylinder:
The third objection before mentioned is remedied by the use of the
covered differentials formed with the covering flanges 1, (see Figures 3,
4, and 7), the connected frame E, and other parts, as described.

page_text: The above description and Drawings refer to two sets of differentials,
but the arrangement can be modified so as to use one or more than two
sets; but the arrangement shown in the Drawings is simple, light, easy
running, effectual, and is so arranged as to cover and protect itself from
the lint and dust of the carding room.
By the peculiar condensation or reduction in the number of parts of
the machinery, "back lash" is diminished.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to 1
be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to,
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. The application and use of the rack S with its curved row of
pins of the requisite number for the number of top cards employed, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
Second. The traversing cam P continuously rotating and causing the
frame E to traverse forward and backward as the axis of the cam is
guided in the groove of the rack, and to stop and advance at intervals as
the concentric groove or the cam surface is operating on the pins of the
rack, substantially in the manner herein-before described.
Third. The swinging plate or frame Q, which pivots on a pin of the
main arm and allows the cam P and parts connected with it to advance
towards or recede from the axis of the main cylinder of the carding
engine, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
5
]
Fourth. The employment of the trip lever U, substantially in the 2
manner and for the purpose herein-before described.
Fifth. The combination of the skip wheel M¹ with its teeth and plain
portions in its periphery operating in connection with the bent lever T,
trip lever U, and the checks n and o of the sector X so as to strip and
omit to strip the top flats in the order shewn by the corresponding a
numbers on the teeth of the skip wheel and the ends of the flats, or in
any other different order of stripping as required, substantially as herein-
before described.
Sixth. The cam wheel V, with its segmental toothed periphery and
toothed sector X, operating substantially in the manner and for the a

page_text: Seventh. The cam wheel V¹ connected and operating in concert with
the cam wheel V by a transverse shaft, substantially as and for the
purpose herein-before described.
Eighth. The application and use of the cross slides u for actuating the
stripper card; substantially as herein-before described.
Ninth. The application and use of the strengthening and incline
flanges 8 and w in combination with the frame E and the lifting lugs r,
substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
Tenth. The combination with the skip wheel M¹ and card stripping
mechanism of enclosed differential gears and eccentric hubs, substan-
tially as and for the
purpose herein-before described.
Eleventh. The combination with the above-described differential
wheels of the covering flanges with their guiding projections 7", 7",
substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described.
Twelfth. The application and use of the bar W for connecting the
lower ends of the two traversing frames E, substantially as and for the
purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to
this my Specification set my hand and seal, the Second day of
November One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.