Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 18th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 16th May, 1896
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN, of 28 Rose Grove, Ardwick,
Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to non-return and retaining valves which are made partly
or wholly of elastic material such as india rubber and has for the object the simple,
cheap and effective construction of the valve.
By this construction the valve is made specially applicable to chambers_con-
taining air under pressure such as air-cushions, pneumatic tyres, footballs and for
other purposes, as a retaining valve; and in other cases to prevent the return flow
of fluids in pipes as for instance when used in connection with beer engines and
pumps.
I make the pulsating part of the valve of elastic material, india rubber by
preference, and the valve chamber or casing I make of metal, vulcanite or other
suitable material according to the purpose for which it is required.
The improvements consist in the manner of forming the valve and assuring the
tightness thereof, which are carried out in the following constructive arrangement.
A preferably flat rigid surface having a central hole for the passage of the fluid
to the valve forms a secondary seating or a bed for the valve and prevents the
retained pressure upon the valve from forcing it beyond its safe position. The
valve proper consists of a disc of india rubber, preferably having a central slit or
puncture therein, but it may consist of two halves or semicircles. The disc is
seated upon the seating aforesaid and secured thereto around the periphery by a
rigid ring or rim which is caused to press upon the upper surface around the
periphery, by which the central part of the disc is enlarged and caused to form a
convex protrusion, and the lips formed by the slit in the disc to press tightly
together. The pressure of a fluid passing through the hole in the secondary
seating to the valve will cause the lips to move apart, but pressure upon the valve
in the opposite direction will cause the lips to close tightly.
The secondary seating having only a comparatively small hole therein prevents
the possibility of the pressure forcing the valve back far enough to reverse the
convex protrusion in order to open in the opposite direction.
In place of forming the valve from a flat disc in the manner described, in some
cases I may mould the valve in the form required.
The casing of the valve I make of any suitable material and form according to
the purpose for which it is to be used.
In the case of valves for pneumatic tyres or other articles which of necessity
are frequently deflated, I provide a fluted or tubular rod which is secured to or
by the dust cap when not in use, and which when required may be pressed into the
valve so as to open apart the lips and permit the air to escape.
Dated this 17th day of June 1895
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.

page_text: Improvements in Non-return Valves.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN, of 28 Rose Grove, Ardwick,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to non-return and retaining valves which are made partly
or wholly of elastic material such as india rubber and has for the object the simple,
cheap and effective construction of the valve.
By this construction the valve is made specially applicable to chambers con-
taining air under pressure such as air-cushions, pneumatic tyres, footballs and for
other purposes, as a retaining valve, and in other cases to prevent the return flow
of fluids in pipes as for instance when used in connection with beer engines and
pumps.
I make the pulsating part of the valve of elastic material, india rubber by
preference, and the valve chamber or casing I make of metal, vulcanite or other
suitable material according to the purpose for which it is required.
The improvements consist in the manner of forming the valve and assuring the
tightness thereof, which are carried out in the following constructive arrangement:
A preferably flat rigid surface having a central hole for the passage of the fluid
to the valve forms a seating or a bed for the valve and prevents the back pressure
upon the valve from forcing it beyond its safe position. The valve proper consists
preferably of a disc of india rubber having a central slit therein, but it may
consist of two halves or semicircles. The disc is seated upon the seating aforesaid
and secured thereto around the periphery by a rigid ring or rim which is caused to
press upon the upper surface around the periphery, by which the central part of
the disc is enlarged and caused to form a convex protrusion and the lips formed by
the slit in the disc to press tightly together. The pressure of a fluid passing
through the hole in the seating to the valve will cause the lips to move apart,
but pressure upon the valve in the opposite direction will cause the lips to close
tightly.
In the case of large pipes or orifices the seating may be formed with a bar or
grating across the orifice or have a grating fixed therein for the purpose of
preventing the possibility of the back pressure forcing the valve back far enough
to reverse the convex protrusion and cause it to open in the opposite direction.
In some cases I may mould the valve in a convex or cupped shape instead of
forming it of a flat disc in the manner described, and reverse the convexity when
fixing the valve to the seating.
The casing of the valve I make of any suitable material and form according to
the purpose for which it is to be used.
In order that my invention may be particularly ascertained I have hereunto
appended a sheet of drawings representing the valve in several forms of
execution, Figs. 1 and 2 showing a valve suitable for small diameters in top view
and section.
Fig. 3 a valve for larger diameters of pipes in section.
Fig. 4 the application of the valve to stop cocks.
Figs. 5 and 6 the valve disc in two forms of execution.
Figure 7 a valve specially adapted for pneumatic tyres.
The pulsating part of the valve consists of an india rubber disc a, which before
being put into the valve casing may be flat, as shewn by Fig. 5, and is slit in its
middle part. This disc is placed into a recessed valve seating or casing b; which
for small valves is preferably made as shewn on Fig. 1 and 2 and screwed

page_text: internally. Into this is screwed a cover c open in the middle, a washer & being
interposed between the rubber disc a and cover c. By screwing the cover down,
the outer part of the disc a is compressed and the rubber forced inwards, as it
cannot expand on the outside, and the free part in the middle is bulged out as
shewn. The lips of the slit are thereby pressed together on the concave side..
When liquid or air is forced through the pipe b¹ connected to the casing 6 the lips.
open out and let it pass through, but when the forcing is stopped, the back pressure
of the fluid above the valve a tends to press the bulged central part of the valve
flat upon the seating, whereby the lips of the slit are pressed firmly together and
the valve is closed.
The disc a is preferably made a little larger than the internal diameter of the
recess on the seating into which it is placed, to increase the effect of the com-
pression. It may also be moulded in the form shewn by Fig. 6 and the cavity
reversed, the convex side becoming the concave one, whereby a greater initial
pressure between the lips on the underside of the valve disc in position is
obtained.
For larger valves the body and "cover of the valve casing are drawn together
by bolts as shewn by Fig. 3, and obviously any other suitable constructive arrange-
ments can be adopted. The thickness and diameter of the indiarubber disc is
made proportional to the bore of the orifice it is to be used for, so that the back
pressure on the same cannot force it back into the bore and reverse the cavity.
For large diameters of orifice a grating may be formed in or placed over the
orifice to support the rubber disc under back pressure. The seating and grating
for the valve may be flat as shewn on the drawings or slightly convex
concave.
or
Fig. 4 shows the application of the valve to a stop cock for water pipes. The
valve a is formed and compressed as above described, and will be held closed by
the pressure of the water in the pipe e. To open it the spindle ordinarily held
up by a spring g is pressed down and forced between the lips of the valve a." The
spindle grooved or channeled as shown in section by Figure 4 and the water-
passes through the groove to the outlet nozzle h and flows out in a slow stream.
Fig. 7 shows an arrangement of valve suitable for pneumatic tyres. The
valve seating and valve a in this case are made as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figs. 1 and 2 and formed with a screwed tube and a washer and
nut k for securing it to the air tube and a nut i for fixing it to the rim of the
wheel. The valve disc is fixed by means of the perforated plug c¹ screwed into-
the seating b. The outer end of the tube b¹ is reduced in diameter for attaching
the inflator as usual, and upon the reduced end a cap is screwed. To the cup a
stem m is fixed, and to its end a channel shaped extension m' is hinged, which
ordinarily is folded down upon the stem and contained in the bore of the tube bl
when the cap is screwed cu. For deflating the air tube the cap is screwed off and
the extension m¹ straightened out, as shewn on the drawing, and pushed up.
between the lips of the valve.
The valve described may be used with suitable constructive modifications for
liquid and air pumps, air compressors and blowing engines, and is also particularly
applicable as an inflating and retaining valve for air tubes of pneumatic tyres, air-
cushions, footballs and like chambers containing compressed air. To deflate these
chambers a grooved or channeled pin may be used, similarly as described with.
reference to Fig. 7, which is pushed through the slit of the valve from the outside,
or the valve chamber cover may be screwed upon a tube fixed to said air chambers
and screwed partly off to deflate them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
1. The construction of a non-return or retaining valve in which the pulsating-
part consists of a flat slit disc or its equivalent of elastic material seated in a
chamber upon a flat or nearly flat surface and compressed in its outer part so that

page_text: the central part of the disc assumes a convex form substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated on and by the drawings.
2. The construction of a non-return or retaining valve in which the pulsating
part consists of a convex slit disc of elastic material placed upon a flat or nearly
flat seating with its convex side to the seating and compressed in its outer part so
that the convexity of the central part is reversed, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated on and by the drawings.
3. In a non-return or retaining valve the combination with a valve chamber
of an elastic lip valve constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore
described.
4. The constructions of non-return valves substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 of the drawings.
5. The construction of a non-return valve for pneumatic tyres substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 7 of the drawings.
6. The combination with a non-return elastic lip valve for pneumatic tyres of a
cap with a stem attached thereto and a channeled extension hinged to said stem
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Dated this 17th day of March 1896
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.