Improvement in or connected with Nozzles for Spreading or Diffusing Jets of Fluid.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 27th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1894.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in or connected with Nozzles for Spreading or
Diffusing Jets of Fluid.
I, GEORGE OULTON of the Firm of Dodd and Oulton of Stanley Street,
Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to nozzles and devices in connection therewith designed
for the purpose of spreading out and diffusing jets or streams of fluids as they
issue from the orifices or nozzles and the object of my improvement is the
production of a simpler and more effective arrangement than has hitherto been
made.
The leading feature of this invention is that the expansion or spread of the jet
and density of the spray can be instantaneously regulated at will while the jet is
issuing from the orifice; the orifice in the nozzle also can be readily regulated to
vary the size and force of the jet issuing therefrom.
•
The invention may be carried out in the following manner of construction. A
nozzle piece is formed having means by which suitable attachment can be readily
made to any pipe or vessel. The nozzle may be made with an orifice which can be
reduced in size by the substitution of interchangeable plates or caps fitted in any
suitable manner, or otherwise. To the nozzle piece is hinged an arm having a pad
of indiarubber or like substance secured to it in such manner that when the arm
and pad are depressed the pad shall cover or partly cover the orifice in, the nozzle
piece.
The arm has a prolongation or attachment forming a finger or thumb-piece so
that it can be readily operated by the finger or thumb while holding the nozzle in
the hand, the effect of such operation being that the pad comes in contact with the
jet, which is diffused, in degree, according to the force of the jet and to the extent
of the space between the pad and the edge of the orifice.
In some cases I may use a spring to keep the pad apart from the orifice which
spring is overcome by the pressure of the finger or thumb.
Dated this Ninth daw of November 1803
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.
עת UV
Improvement in or connected with Nozzles for Spreading or
Diffusing Jets of Fluid.
I, GEORGE OULTON of the Firm of Dodd and Oulton, of Stanley Street,
Liverpool in the County of Lancaster Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to nozzles and devices in connection therewith for
spreading out and diffusing jets or streams of fluids as they issue therefrom, and the
object of my improvements is the production of a simpler and more effective device
than has hitherto been made.

page_text: The leading feature of this invention is that the expansion or spread of the jet
and density of the spray can be instantaneously regulated at will while the jet is
issuing from the orifice and the manner of and means for effecting this is equivalent
to covering or partly covering by the thumb the orifice or nozzle of a pipe from
which a stream issuing while held in the hand.
The invention is contained in a device in which a nozzle or nozzle-piece is
provided with a stopper or spreader to the orifice, which stopper or spreader is
adjustable in its application to the orifice in consequence of its springy, soft or
elastic substance or face and its attachment to a lever, slide, or equivalent operated
by the thumb or finger.
The nozzle-piece may be formed for suitable connection to any pipe or vessel.
In order that my invention may be more readily understood, I have attached
hereunto a sheet of drawings to which I will now refer. The figures therein shewn
illustrate the device made in what I at present consider the most suitable form,
and for attachment to a flexible hose. I do not confine myself, however, to the
particular manner of attachment, nor to the exact construction and manner of
operating the device as is illustrated by the drawings.
In the said drawings, Figures 1 and 2, represent two views of my improved nozzle
or device which consists of a tubular handle or barrel A, having a contracted
orifice, and formed with a flange b'. To the nozzle is hinged a lever arm C,
having a finger plate c, at the lower end and a socket c' at the upper end. Into
the socket is fitted a block c², which forms the stopper or spreader and is made of
some flexible or elastic material such as indiarubber, preferably, and secured by a
screw cap or plug c, or by any other suitable means. The lever C bridles the
tubular handle or barrel A to enable the device to be operated by a pull-to
movement. An alternative movement is indicated by the dotted lines shewing a
thumb-plate extension c* of the lever C, on the fulcrum side of the barrel A. In
this latter case the lever is pressed away from the barrel. The lever C is set so
that when free, a jet issuing from the orifice b, shall pass the block or spreader c²,
without striking it. Upon moving the finger-plate c of the lever towards the
barrel A, or pressing the thumb plate c' away from the barrel, the block or spreader
is moved over the orifice b and covers or partly covers the same so that a jet issuing
from strikes the block or spreader e and is diffused more or less accordingly as
the orifice is more or less closed or covered by the block or spreader c². This
block or spreader being preferably of an elastic nature and presenting also an
inclined face to the orifice effectively diffuses the jet and projects the 'spray forward
in consequence of the edges or parts of the faces of the block and nozzle remaining
in contact during a limited movement of the lever. The flange b' serves to prevent
the liquid from dripping down upon the hand. A spring may be used to assist
to keep the spreader clear of the orifice if desired.
In order to effectively close the orifice and prevent the issuing of the jet when
required, a shackle a or an equivalent device may be used by passing the ring
thereof over the finger-plate c and so release the hand from having to press the
lever.
In place of this device or in addition to any such device. a tap or cock D
may be used at the end of the barrel A, and form part of the apparatus or
otherwise.
A coupling E may be formed at the end of the barrel A or to the cock D, for
readily connecting a hose or other pipe to the barrel. Any suitable mechanical
coupling or means for coupling the parts together may be used. I prefer at present
to use the well-known cone-coupling.
The nozzle-piece may be fitted with a loose seating having an orifice therein, so
that the seating may (if desired), be replaced by one having a different size of
orifice.
In a modification of my invention, I may form the nozzle of the apparatus or
the seating thereof of indiarubber or of other soft or elastic substance or face the
nozzle at the orifice with the same and employ an inelastic block or spreader c³,

page_text: or an elastic one as hereinbefore described. I do not confine myself to the -form
of block or spreader, and other parts of the device or apparatus or to the-
particular manner hereinbefore described of operating the block. I may cause the
block or its equivalent to move in a slide by the movement of a lever or by direct
action. Or, I may make the block or spreader hollow and fix it in an immovable
socket and by expanding or elongating the same by suitable means cause the face
thereof to cover or partly cover the orifice.
In a further modification, I may make and arrange the apparatus so that the jet
shall issue from an orifice above a plate, disc or table, and project itself upon the
said plate so that it is diffused thereby. The plate or table may be faced with
some soft or elastic material. The nozzle from which the jet issues may also be
made of such elastic material. The table or the nozzle may have a rising and
falling movement, the part or the parts being operated in any suitable way.
In cases where indiarubber or other elastic substances would be deteriorated by
the use of some liquids, such for instance as insecticide, I may face or cover such
material with another material suitable for the purpose.
I may also use a metal or other hard face upon a foundation of an elastic
substance for the spreader or for the orifice or nozzle, and in some cases [ may
replace by indiarubber or by a metal or other spring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. An apparatus for spreading and diffusing jets of fluid substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described.
2nd. In an apparatus for spreading and diffusing jets of fluid facing the nozzle
or seating at the orifice or the adjustable stopper or spreader with an elastic or
yielding substance or cushion substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
3rd. In an apparatus for spreading and diffusing jets of fluid, the construction
and use of a spreader or seating having a hard face with elastic or yielding backing
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.
4th. In an apparatus for spreading and diffusing jets of fluid the use of a flexible
or elastic seating or nozzle substantially as and for the purpose herein before set
forth.
5th. An apparatus for spreading and diffusing jets of fluid constructed or
arranged substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawing.
Dated this 22nd day of December 1893.
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.