Improvements in Inducing Combustion of Gases in Furnaces and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th July, 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Inducing Combustion of Gases in Furnaces and in
Apparatus therefor.
I JAMES HARGREAVES of Widnes in the County of Lancaster, Chemical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My said improvements consist in bringing the air and gas together for combustion
by introducing the air through a central nozzle or jet while the gas is made to flow
in an annular stream surrounding the said nozzle or jet of air. After being brought
together as aforesaid I cause the joint currents of air and gas to pass together
through a flue or tube till combustion is partially complete and the said air and gas
flow together in a direct or nearly direct line. I fix the said flue or tube which for
the purpose of this Specification I call the "mixing tube" in any desired direction
according to the purpose for which the heating gases are required.
For instance where the charge of a reverberatory furnace has to be heated by
radiation I cause the flame to impinge upon the roof or sides of the said furnace.
Where the charge has to be heated by direct contact with flame I cause the said
flame to impinge upon the charge lying on the bed of the said furnace. Or as in
the case of boiler flues where it is injurious to cause intensely heated flames to
impinge directly on the plates, I cause the said flame to pass directly through the
centre of the said flue until the temperature of the said flame or the heated products
of combustion are so far reduced that they may impinge upon the said boiler plates
without injury thereto.
Dated tho 1at dan of Cantomhow 1901
Per pro J. T. KING,
*J. Johnson,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Inducing Combustion of Gases in Furnaces and in
Apparatus therefor.
I JAMES HARGREAVES of Widnes in the County of Lancaster Chemical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My said improvements consist in bringing the air and gas together for combustion
by introducing the air through a central nozzle or jet while the gas is made to flow
in an annular stream surrounding the inside of said nozzle or jet of air. After being
brought together as aforesaid, I cause the joint currents of air and gas to pass
together through a flue or tube till combustion is partially complete and the said
air and gas flow together in a direct or nearly direct line. I fix the said flue or
tube, which for the purpose of this Specification I call the mixing-tube,—in any
desired direction according to the purpose for which the heating gases are required.
For instance when the charge of a reverberatory furnace has to be heated by
radiation I cause the flame to impinge upon the roof or sides of the said furnace.
When the charge has to be heated by direct contact with flame, I cause the said
Hame to impinge upon the charge lying on the bed of the said furnace. Or, as in
the case of boiler flues where it is injurious to cause intensely heated flames to
impinge directly on the plates. I cause the said flame to pass directly through the
centre of the said flue until the temperature of the said flame or the heated products
TD 017

page_text: of combustion is so far reduced that it or they may impinge upon the said boiler
plates without injury thereto.
In order that my invention may be readily understood I have appended a sheet.
of drawings showing three arrangements of apparatus for carrying my improvements
into effect.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a furnace such as a reverberatory furnace where the
charge is to be heated by radiation. a furnace hearth. roof. c sides. d central
nozzle made of fireclay or suitable heat resisting material. e way leading from
regenerators or air supply to the central nozzle d. f gas supply-way leading to an
annulus g surrounding the nozzle d. h combustion flue or tube leading from the
annulus g into the furnace. In the above flue the nozzle d, annulus g, and flue /,
are directed upwards so as to cause the flames or heated products of combustion to
impinge on the roof of the furnace.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a melting or other furnace where it is desired to
cause the flames or heated gases to impinge directly on the charge to be heated.
Here the nozzle, annulus and combustion flue or tube are directed downwards.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the application of my improvements to a steam
generator. Here the parts are disposed horizontally. Here the air way e is of
metal and is fitted with a plug or door i to allow of inspection and cleaning. Such
plugs or doors may be provided in the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
In all the views the same letters denote like parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. Bringing air and gas together for combustion so that the gas surrounds
the air and joint currents of gas and air whilst undergoing combustion travel
together through a flue or tube into the furnace or space to be heated.
Second. Directing flames or products of combustion obtained as hereinbefore set
forth in the required direction for the purposes set forth.
Third. The combination of a central air nozzle surrounding gas annulus and
combustion flue or tube substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated the 1st day of July 1892.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.