IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRATING SULPHURIC AND OTHER ACIDS, ALSO SALT, SULPHUR, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF EVAPORATION, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREIN
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick John Cheesbrough
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 18th July 1872.-A communication from abroad by William
Thompson Clough, of Newark, Essex County, in the State of New
Jersey, United States of America.
I, FREDERICK JOHN CHEESBROUGH, of 15, Water Street, Liverpool,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRATING SULPHURIC
AND OTHER ACIDS, ALSO SALT, SULPHUR, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF
EVAPORATION, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREIN," a communication
from abroad by William Thompson Clough, of Newark, Essex County,
in the State of New Jersey, United States of America, to be as
follows:-
The nature of this Invention consists in providing the upper part
of a furnace (used for the purpose of evaporating sulphuric and other
acids, and other substances capable of evaporation) constructed in any
of the known forms, with a layer or layers of round, oval, or other.
suitably shaped pipes or tubes placed over the bed of the furnace, and
extending from the front of the furnace to the back thereof. The
flame from the fire directly in front of the furnace is drawn through
the layer or layers of pipes or tubes (in the manner herein-after

page_text: described) producing great heat in the said pipes or tubes, which heat
radiating from the said pipes or tubes upon the sulphuric acid or other
material placed in the bed of the said furnace causes rapid evaporation
to take place and consequent concentration.
To carry out this Invention, a furnace is constructed in any of the
known forms, and over the bed of the furnace a layer or layers of pipes
or tubes of any suitable size, or shape, and number is placed as afore-
said. The pipes or tubes are made of fire-clay, or metal, or any other
substance adapted to the use to which the furnace is to be put. The
layer or layers of pipes or tubes are connected with a drum pipe on the
back of the furnace which is connected with a flue or stack, so as to
cause the flame from the fire-place in front of the furnace to pass
through the pipes in that direction. On the drum pipe and opposite
each pipe or tube a hand hole is constructed of the same capacity as the
pipe or tube, for the purpose of removing dust or other obstructions.from
the pipes or tubes.
In order to prevent the expansion and contraction of the pipes or
tubes from injuring the wall that separates the fire-place from the
chamber of the furnace, there is built a second wall of fire-brick,
leaving a space between the main wall and the second wall, which
cavity is filled with sand or other substance that is fire-proof, and that
will give way for the expansion and contraction of the pipes or tubes.
These walls, the main wall and the fire wall, must be made with a series
of openings that fit the pipes or tubes used in the furnace.
When the fire is built in the front of the furnace, the flame therefrom
is drawn directly by means of the drum pipe connected to the flue or
stack aforesaid, through the layer or layers of pipes or tubes over the
bed of the furnace. The heat created thereby in the said layer or
layers of pipes or tubes radiates from the said pipes or tubes upon the
sulphuric acid or other material in the bed of the furnace, and causes
evaporation and concentration to take place more rapidly and with less
consumption of fuel than any other process now in use. The vapour
arising from the bed of the furnace is carried off through a suitable pipe
in the top or crown of the furnace.