Apparatus for Collecting for Further Utilization the Excess of Carbonic Acid Generated during the Manufacture of Beer.
Year: 1889

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Collecting for Further Utilization the Excess of
Carbonic Acid Generated during the Manufacture of Beer.
I, LEOPOLD HAAS, of Riesbach-Zurich, Switzerland, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of beer a great quantity of carbonic acid is generated both in
the fermenting vats, and in the casks after they are closed at the bung hole. Up to
the present the excess of carbonic acid beyond that retained in the liquid has been
allowed to escape to waste. Now the apparatus hereinafter described is designed
to enable the brewer to collect the escaping carbonic acid with the object of further
utilization (such as for instance in the manufacture of ice).
The annexed drawing illustrates diagrammatically and by way of example an
arrangement for collecting the carbonic acid.
b
The casks a which are under the pressure of the carbonic acid in process of genera-
tion are connected with a main pipe d by means of branch pipes 6 provided with
regulating cocks c.
Similarly the bells e suspended partly above the level of, and partly immersed in.
the beer of the fermenting vats a are connected to a main pipe ( by means of the
branch pipes & furnished with regulating cocks c¹ c¹.
Both main pipes are provided with pressure gauges and f'in order to admit of
observation of the pressure in the casks and in the bells in the fermenting vats, and
in the respective pipes.
In connexion with tho pipe d' from the fermenting vats which must remain open
(but not with the pipe d') is a pump g for drawing the carbonic acid and forcing the
same forward; a water trap serves to intercept any water or beer that may be
drawn by the pump. The tank & under the bell into which the pipes d and d
open, serves to collect the carbonic acid and to regulate the pressure; the ready
adjustment of the bell enables equilibrium to be maintained at all times.
To a pipe coming from the interior of the bell, is connected a compressing pump m
by which the carbonic acid is drawn from the holder and is forced into the
condenser n.
According to the arrangement described, the carbonic acid can be drawn either
out of the closed beer casks a and out of the fermenting vats, or out of both simul-
taneously. It will be understood that apparatus may be arranged for collecting the
carbonic acid from the closed casks only, or from the fermenting vats only, without
departing from the nature of this invention.
Now whilst the closed casks deliver carbonic acid under the gasometer bell A by

page_text: natural pressure, the carbonic acid from the fermenting vats a¹ must be drawn off by
means of a partial vacuum under the bell e caused by means of the pump g.
From the carbonic acid reservoir k¹ the carbonic acid is forced by means of the
pump m at a comparatively high pressure into the condenser as already mentioned.
From the latter the carbonic acid which is reduced by the pressure to a liquid state,
can be employed direct in the production of ice, or it can be collected for storage, as
indicated by the bottle o.
Dated this 23rd day of December 1889.
LEOPOLD HAAS,
By L. W., per F. B.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Collecting for Further Utilization the Excess of
Carbonic Acid Generated during the Manufacture of Beer.
I, LEOPOLD HAAS, of Riesbach-Zurich, Switzerland, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In the manufacture of beer a great quantity of carbonic acid is generated both
in the fermenting vats, and in the casks after they are closed at the bung hole. Now
the apparatus hereinafter described is designed to enable the brower to collect the
escaping carbonic acid with the object of further utilization (such as for instance in
the manufacture of ice).
The annexed drawing illustrates diagrammatically and by way of example an
arrangement of apparatus for collecting the carbonic acid.
The casks a which are under the pressure of the carbonic acid in process of
generation are connected with a main pipe d by means of branch pipes b provided with
regulating cocks c.
Similarly the bells e suspended partly above the level of, and partly immersed in the
beer of the fermenting vats a' are connected to a main pipe d by means of the branch
pipes furnished with regulating cocks c' c'.
Both main pipes may be provided with pressure gauges and f' in order to admit
of observation of the pressure in the casks and in the bells in the fermenting vats, and
in the respective pipes.
•
In connexion with the pipe d' from the fermenting vats which must remain open is
a panip 9 for drawing the carbonic acid and forcing the same forward; a water trap
serves to intercept any water or beer that may be drawn by the pump. The tank k
under the bell or holder into which the pipes d and d' open, serves to collect the
carbonic acid and to regulate the pressure; the ready adjustment of the bell k¹ enables
equilibrium to be maintained at all times."
To a pipe coming from the interior of the bell is connected a sucking and forcing
pump m by which the carbonic acid is drawn from the holder k' and forced into a
condenser of any suitable construction.
According to the arrangement described, the carbonic acid can be drawn either out
of the closed beer casks a or out of the fermenting vats, or out of both simultaneously.
It will be understood that apparatus may be arranged for collecting the carbonic acid
from the closed casks only, or from the fermenting vats only, without departing from
the nature of this invention. Now whilst the closed casks deliver carbonic acid under
the gasometer bell by natural pressure, the carbonic acid from the fermenting vats a
must be drawn off by means of a partial vacuum under the bell e caused by means of
the
pump g.
From the carbonic acid reservoir kk' the carbonic acid is forced by means of the
pamp mat a comparatively high pressure into the condenser as already mentioned.
From the latter the carbonic acid, which is reduced by the pressure to a liquid state;
can be employed direct in the production of ice, or it can be collected for storage, as
indicated by the bottle o.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I am aware
it has been proposed to collect the excess of carbonic acid generated during the
manufacture of beer and subject it to the action of compressing and cooling apparatus.
I do not claim therefore the collection and utilization of carbonic acid otherwise than
as set forth in the following claiming clauses. What I claim is :—
1. For separating and collecting for industrial purposes the excess of carbonic acid
generated during the manufacture of beer, apparatus comprising a collecting reservoir
a device for connecting either casks closed at the bung hole, or open fermenting vats,
or both at the same time, with the said collecting reservoir by means of conduits,
and a conduit leading from the collecting reservoir to compressing and condensing
apparatus.
2. In an apparatus for separating and collecting for industrial purposes, the excess
of carbonic acid generated during the manufacture of beer, the conduit 6 connected
with casks a closed at the bung boles, and provided with cocks c or equivalent closing
means and connected with a conduit & common to the series of conduits b, a collecting
reservoir comprising a tank & and a bell or holder & arranged above the open exit
end of the conduit & and a delivery pipo d² extending from the interior of the said
bell or holder to a condenser such as n and provided with a pump such as mas herein
set forth.
3. In an apparatus for separating and collecting for industrial purposes, the excess
of carbonic acid generated during the manufacture of beer, the bell e located in an
open fermenting vat so as to dip into the fermenting liquor in the vat and to leave
the surface of such liquor partly uncovered, but to cover the remainder after the
manner of a gas holder for the purpose of receiving carbonic acid produced
during fermentation, and means for drawing off the carbonic acid so received as
herein set forth.
4. In an apparatus for separating and collecting for industrial purposes the excess
of carbonic acid generated in open fermenting vats during the manufacture of beer,
the drawing off belle having connected therewith the conduit & provided with a
cock c or equivalent closing device and connected with a conduit d' a collecting
reservoir having a movable bell or holder arranged above and in communication
with the open end of the conduit d and a delivery pipe d² also in communication with
the interior of the bell or holder as herein set forth.
5. In an apparatus for collecting and separating for industrial purposes the excess
of carbonic acid generated in open fermenting vats during the manufacture of beer
the hells e suspended in the open fermenting vats a', and provided with conduits 6'
or band with a drawing and forcing pump g that communicates with the conduit
which leads to the collecting reservoir kk.
6. In an apparatus for separating and collecting for industrial purposes the excess
of carbonic acid generated during the manufacture of beer, a conduit d² leading from
a collecting reservoir & k³, a pump m and a condenser n of any suitable kind in
connection with the pump and with a suitable device such as o as hereinbefore described
with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 22nd day of September 1890.
LEUPOLD HAAD,
By L. W., per F. B.