IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AND ASSORTING FLOUR, MIDDLINGS, AND OTHER GRAIN PRODUCE, REMOVING DELETERIOUS PARTICLES OR MATTERS THEREFROM, & WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY BE USED FOR OTHER MATTERS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Thompson and William Henry Williamson,
both of Wakefield, in the County of York, Corn Mill Engineers, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING
AND ASSORTING FLOUR, MIDDLINGS, AND OTHER GRAIN PRODUCE, REMOVING
DELETERIOUS PARTICLES OR MATTERS THEREFROM, & WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
MAY BE USED FOR OTHER MATTERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Thompson and
William Henry Williamson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 31st March 1880.
FREDERICK THOMPSON and WILLIAM HENRY WILLIAMSON, both of Wakefield,
in the County of York, Corn Mill Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AND ASSORTING FLOUR, MIDDLINGS, AND OTHER
GRAIN PRODUCE, REMOVING DELETERIOUS PARTICLES OR MATTERS THEREFROM,
& WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY BE USED FOR OTHER MATTERS."
This Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for dressing and assorting
flour, middlings, and other grain produce, and removing deleterious particles or
matters therefrom, and is designed to enable these operations to be effected
in less space than is usually occupied by machines such as are commonly used for
these purposes.
We employ a numbor of level shaking sieves arranged one above another, and
mounted upon inclined spring arms or levers, which give direction to the course of
the products passing over the sieves, and those which (having passed through the
sieves) travel along the bottoms of the sieve frames. The sieves may be actuated
by tappets or cranks, and be enclosed in a chest having removeable doors for access
to the sieves, and removing them; or may be placed in an open frame according as
there may be much or little dust caused when in operation on any kind of grain
produce.
The material may be spread upon the topmost sieve, or, if need be on all the
sieves in succession by any suitable feed apparatus acting automatically; or such
feed apparatus may be dispensed with, and the material be fed by a spout to the

page_text: topmost sieve. The tailings from this sieve after having passed lengthwise of it
may be shot to a spout conveniently placed, and the siftings that have passed
along the bottom of the sieve may be dropped on to the sieve next beneath, and
travel along it in a reverse direction to the movement along the first named sieve,
thus effecting a further sifting out, the tailings left at the end being shot to
another conveniently placed spout and the siftings carried along to the end of the
sieve dropped on to a sieve below. The same operation may be repeated with any
desirable number of sieves, each clothed with material of a mesh different from the
others. The clothing of the sieves may be of woven wire, or silk, or any material
usable or capable of being used for sifting flour or grain produco. Where desirable
the clothing of each sieve may have portions with a different size of mesh from
other portions. To keep separate the siftings falling through each of these different
portions we provide a false bottom or false bottoms, which we arrange within the
sieve and under the clothing to carry forward the material from each portion of
clothing to the end of the sieve, where each has a separate delivery. In assorting
middlings into their respective sizes we prefer to discharge the siftings at the tail
end of each sieve to a conveniently placed spout, and to allow the tailings (or
matter which remains after having passed the material under treatment over the
surface of the sieve) to drop through on to the sieve placed next below, repeating
this operation throughout the series of sieves. It is not absolutely necessary the
sieves should be arranged each the reverse way of those next it, and the material
be caused to move along each sieve in a direction contrary to that of the move-
ment along the sieves placed above and below. The sioves may be arranged to all
pass the material in the same direction, in which case they are without bottoms,
and the siftings falling from one sieve onto a worm or other suitable conveyor are
carried back to be discharged onto the head end of the next lower sieve, and so on,
the same arrangement and operation being repeated as required. When sifting
material that has a tendency to clog the meshes of the cloth we may cause currents
of air to pass through the meshes of the sieves; or we use a travelling brush as
follows: A revolving worm gearing with a worm wheel operates a disc or wheel,
a segmental portion of which is provided with cogs, which as the disc or wheel
rotates gear alternately with cog pinions on a shaft that is thereby caused to mako
a certain number of rotations alternately in opposite directions with a stoppago
between of preferably greater duration, such stoppage occurring and lasting during
the time the segmental cogs, having left one pinion, pass on to and get in gear
with the other.
This intermittent and alternate rotary motion of the vertical shaft is by ineans
of sprocket pulleys fixed thereon caused to operate an endless chain arranged
beneath each sieve, and passing round a moveable pulley at the opposite end of tho
machine to the vertical shaft. The chain is attached to a carriage sliding freely
on a fixed or adjustable bar provided with a rack; a vertical spindle in the
carriage is surmounted by a brush, which may be of a scroll shape, or instead may
have one or more radial arms. The brush is rotated in one direction or the
opposite, according to the direction in which it is simultaneously caused to travel
along under the sieve. This is effected by providing the vertical spindle with a
cog-wheel in gear with the rack, so that when the carriage is drawn by the chain
in one direction or the reverse along the bar, the spindle being in geur with the
rack is with the brush rotated until it has been drawn along to the end of the
sieve where it remains for a time, as described, that is to say, while the vertical
shaft is stationary, after which the spindle with the brush is moved along and
rotated in a contrary direction.
The material to be treated may be fed into the top of the machine cither in an
unseparated condition, or having undergone a partial separation, may in this machine
be still further subdivided. Where large quantities of material are to be dealt
with we employ a reel with clothing, having a different size of mesh in different
parts of its length to effect an approximato distribution of material to a number of
such sifting machines, as hereinbefore described, the material falling through each

page_text: different portion of the reel cloth, and being hoppered off and conducted to an
appropriato sifting machinc.
Our improved machines may with advantage be used in the various stages of
what is commonly called the "gradual reduction" or "high-grinding" process of
corn milling, where separation of the material is required into its different kinds
after each reduction, and which is commonly effected by reels or cylinders occupying
considerable space and using a much larger amount of clothing than is required to
attain the same result by our Invention.
It will be obvious various arrangements of machine may be constructed on the
principle of our Invention, as hereinabove set forth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and
of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by William Henry Williamson, and
George March, and Samuel Bruce, Executors of the late Frederick Thompson
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th October 1880.
WILLIAM HENRY WILLIAMSON, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Corn
Mill Engineer, and GEORGE MARCH, of Oaklands, Scarcroft, near Leeds, in the
County of York, and SAMUEL BRUCE, of Warren House, Wakefield, in the County
of York, Executors of the late Frederick Thompson, deceased. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRESSING AND ASSORTING FLOUR, MIDDLINGS,
AND OTHER GRAIN PRODUCE, REMOVING DELETERIOUS PARTICLES OR MATTERS
THEREFROM, AND WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY BE USED FOR OTHER MATTERS."
This Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for dressing and assorting flour,
middlings, and other grain produce, and removing deleterious particles or matters
therefrom; and is designed to enable these operations to be effected in less space
than is usually occupied by machines such as are commonly used for these purposes.
In the improved machines a number of level shaking sieves are arranged one above
another, or directly succeeding each other, are each mounted upon inclined spring
arms, which give direction to the course of the products passing over the sieves and
those which (having passed through the sieves) travel along the bottoms of the sieve
frames. The sieves may each be actuated by tappets or cranks, and be enclosed in
a chest having removeable doors for access to the sieves and for removing them, or
may be placed in an open frame, according as there may be much or little dust
caused when in operation on grain produce or other matters.
The material may be spread upon the topmost sieve, or, if need be, on all the
sieves in succession, by any suitable feed apparatus acting automatically; or such
feed apparatus may be dispensed with, and the material be fed by a spout to the
topinost sieve. The tailings from this sieve, after having passed lengthwise of it,
may be shot to a spout conveniently placed, and the siftings that have passed along
the bottom of the sieve may be dropped on to the sieve next beneath, and travel
along it in a reverse direction to the movement along the first named sieve, thus
effecting a further sifting out, the tailings left at the end being shot to another
conveniently placed spout, and the siftings, carried along to the end of the sievo

page_text: dropped on to a sieve below. The same operation may be repeated with any
desirable number of sieves, each clothed with material of a mesh different from the
others. The clothing of the sieves may be of perforated metal, woven wire, or silk,
or any material usable or capable of being used for sifting purposes. Where
desirable, the clothing of each sieve may have portions with a different size of mesh
from other portions. To keep separate the siftings falling through each of theso
different portions wo provide a false bottom or false bottoms, which wo arrange
within and between the sieve and bottom proper and under the clothing to carry
forward the material from each portion of clothing to the end of the sieve,
where each has a separate delivery. In assorting middlings into their respective
sizes we prefer to discharge the siftings at the tail end of each sieve to a con-
veniently placed spout, and to allow the tailings (or matter which remains after
having passed the material under treatment over the surface of the sieve) to drop
through on to the sieve placed next below, repeating this operation throughout the
series of sieves. It is not absolutely necessary the sieves should be arranged each
the reverse way of those next it, and the material be caused to move along each
sieve in a direction contrary to that of the movement along the sieves placed above
and below. The sieves may be arranged to all pass the material in the same
direction, in which case they are without bottoms, and the siftings, falling from one
sievo on to a worin or other suitable conveyor, are carried back to be discharged
on to the head end of the next lower sieve, and so on, the same arrangement and
operation being repeated as required. We prefer the former plan for compactness
and convenience. When sifting material that has a tendency to clog the meshes of
the cloth, we may cause currents of air to pass through the meshes of the sieves,
or use an automatic brush to traverse the sifting surface of each sieve, or such
surface may be brushed occasionally by an attendant with a hand brush.
The material to be treated may be fed into the top of the machine, either in an
unseparated condition, or having undergone a partial separation may, in this
machine, be still further subdivided. Where large quantities of material are
collected to be dealt with, we employ a reel with clothing, having a different size of
mesh in different parts of its length to effect an approximate distribution of material
to a number of such sifting machines as herein before described, the material falling
through each different portion of the reel cloth, being hoppered off and fed to an
appropriate sifting machine for assortment into sizes.
The improved machines may with advantage be used in the various stages of
what is commonly called the "gradual reduction" or "high grinding" process of
corn milling, where successive separations of the produce from each reduction are
required into its different kinds, and which are now commonly effected by successive
reels or cylinders occupying considerable space, and using a much larger amount of
clothing than is required to attain the same result when using our Invention after
each "break."
It will be obvious various modifications of machine may be constructed on the
principle of this Invention for the purposes hereinabove set forth, and as may be
best adapted to the material operated on.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
In the Drawings the same letters of reference are used to denote like parts
represented in each of the several figures.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of an enclosed sifting machine; Fig. 2 is
a sectional plan thereof; Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the machine and feed
hopper. Referring to Fig. 1, A, A', A2, A3, A4, are sieve-frames with side bearers b
resting on cross bars c carried by spring arms or levers d, which are inclined to
give direction to the material upon the level sievo, and also to that which is
collected in the bottom of the sieves which are also level. Each sieve has stretched
over it, as indicated at e, clothing of silk, or woven wire, or other material suitable
for sifting purposes, and a ledge or frame is fixed or screwed on round the edges of

page_text: the clothing to retain the material on the sieve. The bottoms may be of wood or
sheet metal, but we find it preferable to use stout close canvas or ticking suitably
stretched to form the bottoms to each sieve. f are straining rods arranged at
intervals in each sieve, and which may be above or below the sieve clothing. These
straining rods have screwed ends with right and left hand threads fitting into the
sides of the sieve-frame, so that by turning the rods in a rotary sense one way, the
sides of the sieve are forced out and the cloth tightened, or by turning the rods tho
reverse way the cloth is slackened. At the end of each sieve are inclined channels g
terminating in spouts which discharge material or "tailings" coming over the
sieve; fall pipes h, h, are suitably placed to receive these. The siftings or matters
that have passed through and along the bottom of each sieve, drop through an
opening on to the sieve next below, which is of similar construction, but differently
clothed, so as to effect a further sifting, and allow the coarser or larger matter
remaining to be discharged to a suitable fall pipe. This process is repeated by the
successive sieves, the number of which may, of course, be varied according to
requirement. The last or lowermost sieve may be provided or not with a bottom.
In the arrangement illustrated, the lowermost sieve has not a bottom; the siftings
fall into a hopper in the lower part of the machine as shewn; such hopper may
terminate in a spout, and be so inclined or formed that all the siftings leave it by
gravity. In the present case, however, the hopper is provided with a conveyor ?,
designed to collect the siftings and deliver them through an opening in the
bottom of the machine. The opening may be in any other convenient position.
19 is a driving shaft which, by rope or by means of an endless belt, gives motion to
shafts m and p.
m is a crank-shaft having two cranks or excentrics n, n, shewn as being at
opposite centres, which arrangement we consider advisable. These cranks by means
of connecting rods o, o, attached to the cross-bars c, c¹, of the sieves A³, A³,
reciprocate these two sieves in opposite directions. In other words, when sieve A¹
is moving from left to right, sieve A³ will be moving from right to left, and vice
versa.
The cranks of shaft p are provided with connecting rods o, o, attached to cross-
bars c, c¹, in such manner as to operate the upper sieves A, A¹, in the manner
already described with reference to A2, A. A crank on the driving shaft 19 by a
connecting rod o operates the sieve A in a similar manner, the number of sieves
used in a machine being as may be thought desirable. Q is a feed hopper. It is
enclosed. The material to be treated being fed into this hopper is distributed
(regulated by means of a feed roller r and an adjustable slide, such as well under-
stood) evenly upon the top sieve; 8 is a closed window or removeable door to
enable the feeding operation to be watched. Suitable removeable doors are fitted
to the chest or casing, so as to afford access to the sieves and enable them to bo
removed as required.
The sieves A¹, A2, A³, &c., may be constructed so that two or more sizes of
siftings may take place in each sieve. In such case the sieve is provided with a
false bottom, matters falling on which are discharged by another outlet, whereas
matters falling on the bottom proper are discharged by the outlet j. The tailings
or matters which swim or pass over the sieve clothing are discharged by an inclined
channel and outlet g, as hereinbefore described.
Figs. 4 and 5 shew another arrangement of machine according to this Invention.
We have shewn two machine frames 15, one on each side of the sieves, but obviously
three machine frames can be arranged so as to carry two sets of sieves, such arrange-
ment being a matter of choice and convenience, but whether one or more sets of
sieves be employed the sieves A, A, etc., composing the set are arranged ono above
another, set level, and with the head of one sieve over the tail of the one next below
it. The sieve frames are of similar construction, and clothed and fitted with
bottoms like those herein before described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3, excepting
that the tailings or matters that swim over and do not pass through the meshes of
the clothing fall through pipes or openings 16 on to the sieve next below, and the

page_text: siftings aro discharged out at the end of each sieve at 17. A feed hopper Q, with
rotating feed roller r and slide regulate the supply of material to the sieves. The
arrangement for operating each of the sieves in this machine (and which may bo
applied to machines of the other construction herein described) is as follows:-
20, 21, are shafts carrying cranks or eccentrics, and provided with connecting rods
attached to cross bars on the sieves A, A1, A2, A³. The power is transmitted from
the crank shaft 19, which drives the bottom sieve A' of the set by a connecting rod
similar to the last described arrangement. A grooved pulley 50 on this shaft 19 by
incans of a cord 51 drives the two crankshafts 20 and 21, thereby giving motion to
the sieves A, A1, A2, A3, and to keep the cord 51 tight it is passed round a pulley 22
supported on the arm of a lever 22x which is guided and secured in position by
working in a guard or slot and being bolted to the position into which it is moved
for work. The same mode of driving may be carried out, substituting leather belts
and ordinary drums or chains for the cords and pulleys. The feed-roller is also
driven from the shaft 19, which to this end is provided with a pulley 52, round
which is a cord or belt, which extends also round a pulley 53 on the feed-roller
axis, as shewn. The machine frames 15 are stayed at suitable distance apart by
stays 23. Although iron is usually preferred to wood for the construction of these
machine frames, it will be evident they may be of wood where desirable or more
convenient.
Fig. 6 shews in diagram form an arrangement of our improved sizing or sifting
machine as used in conjunction with other apparatus for the gradual reduction
system. Rolls, stones, or other gradual reduction machinery 1, 11, 111, are used, as
may be preferred, for the reduction of the produce at each "break." The broken
grain of 1st reduction requiring further to be reduced is thrown off by inner cylinder
of the double acting reel A, and is passed to next reduction machine. The outer
cylinder of reel A sifts out the flour dust from the remainder, delivering the
remaining semolina, grits, and middlings over its tail to the improved sizcing or
sifting machine, the sieves of which being preferably coarser clothed at the bottom
and finer at the top assort such into their sizes, each size preferably going to a
separate purifier g, g, g.
In some cases the sizeing machine may be used without reels to follow each
break, as follows:-The produco from reduction machine at each break may be led
on to an enclosed sizeing or sifting machine direct, the first or top sieve of which
would sift out all the finer produce than the broken grain, or such as is judged to
require further granulation to be thrown off the tail of this sievo and sent to the
next or succeeding reduction machine, where, further reduced, it falls on another
sizeing machine of the kind of ours, where the broken yet smaller grain of this
reduction is thrown off by the top sieve again and to next reduction machine, &c.
The sieves following the first sieves of each of the sizeing machines succeed cach
other in fineness of mesh and assort the produce sifted out through first sieve into
its respectivo kinds, each of which may be sufficiently assorted to be discharged
direct to a purifier for purification, where it will be separated, also according to its
specific gravity. By preference we use purifiers designed for this end and Patented
by us 17th Oct. 1878, and 1st November 1879, or each or collectively may go to
an independent sizer for assortment again. The bottom or last sieve sifts out the
small proportion of flour made.
Or it may be preferable first to take the produce of each reduction to a
"scalping" reel which would throw off the broken grain at the tail, sifting through
semolina, middlings, and flour; these passed through a second recl sift out the
flour, leaving the semolina and middlings falling from the tail of such reels of one
or moro reductions to pass to one or more sizeing machines of suitable proportions
for assortiment previous to purification.
It will be understood that the clothing of each sizeing machine is relatively
somewhat finer for each successive reduction when used in the gradual reduction
stages, there will therefore fall from the last sieve of each sizeing machine some
particles that have been too coarse to pass through the clothing of any of the sieves

page_text: of that machine; these are therefore sent back to the sizeing machine used for tho
previous reduction or break, tho sieves of which would be more coarsely clothed,
and those matters returned would fall according to their size through one or more
of the sieves of that machine whose mesh corresponds in size with the particles of
which they are composed.
Fig. 7 is a combination of a long large reel h for distributing a quantity of
semolina, middlings, etcetera, over one or more sizeing machines. The first portion
of the reel may be used for sifting out any remaining flour in the middlings,
etcetera; the next portion delivers a quantity of semolina, middlings, etcetera, to
sizer j, which subdivides it more accurately into its sizes before purification; tho
next portion of the reel delivers another quantity to for the same purpose; and
the tails of the reel, or what has not passed through, are sent to another sizer & for
the purpose of being sized as aforesaid.
Theso sizers are preferably each clothed finest at top sievo and coarsest at bottom,
yet cach machine, as is relatively coarser clothed than j, and is coarser than k;
the clothing may be arranged in various ways to best suit the
purposo intended.
A reel does not really sift out the whole of the dust, so the first sievo of sizing
machine removes what is left, and it goes with the dust sifted out by first portion
of the reel, each of the sieves following the first sieve in machine j assort out a sizo,
and each size or sizes that very nearly correspond go to a suitable purifier.
Tho "tails," or what is thrown over the last or bottom sieve are sent on to
machine which is relatively coarser clothed (scc elevator n used for this). The
siftings of top sieves of (k), which also contains some dust, are sent back to (j) (see
elevator (m) used), and (1) in its turn sends the dust back amongst the reel
dustings, as described. The succeeding sizes of sieves (/) assort into size as before
for their respective purifiers, the tails of the bottom sieve being sent on to sizer (l)
(see elevator p), the same operation being repeated; the tails of last machine (1)
from bottom sieve will be stocked for any purpose suitable.
Such a combination of reel or reels for distributing to several sizing machines for
assorting a great number of sizers in small compass may be used where quantities
of middlings are collected together for treatment. To carry the quantity sufficient
to feed properly the number of sizers employed two reels side by side could bo
used, and for a small quantity a single sizeing machino alone can be used; cach
size of material can be stored if desired for purification at any time most
convenient.
In the Provisional Specification it was proposed to use a travelling brush as
follows: A revolving worm gearing with a worm-wheel was to operate a disc or
wheel, a segmental portion of which was to be provided with cogs, which, as the diso
or wheel rotated, were to gear alternately with cog pinions on a shaft that was to be
caused to make a certain number of rotations alternately in opposite directions
with a stoppage between of preferably greater duration, such stoppage occurring
and lasting during the time the segmental cogs passed on to and got into gear
with the other. This intermittent and alternate rotary motion of the shaft was by
means of sprocket pullies fixed thercon to be caused to operate an endless chain
beneath each sieve, and passing round a movable pulley at the opposite end of the
machino to the vertical shaft. The chain was to be attached to a carriage sliding
freely on a fixed or adjustable bar provided with a rack, a vertical spindle in the
carriage being surmounted by a brush, which might be of a scroll shape, or instead
might have one or more radial arms. The brush was to be rotated in one direction,
or the opposite, according to the direction in which it was simultaneously caused
to travel along under the sieve. This it was proposed to effect by providing the
vertical spindle with a cog wheel in gear with a rack, so that when the carriage
was drawn by the chain in one direction or the reverse along the bar the spindlo
being in gear with the rack would with the brush be rotated until it had been
along to the end of the sieve, where it would remain for a time as described, that
is to say, while the vertical shaft was stationary, after which the spindle with the
brush was to be moved along and rotated in a contrary direction. Such a brush
د

page_text: attachment may be constructed. As, however, we entertain doubts as to whether
this brush arrangement possesses the practical advantages then supposed, we do not
now lay any claim thereto.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and explained the method of
carrying the same into practical effect, we would have it understood that we do not
claim as of the said Invention the exclusive use of sieves or screens for sifting
granular grain produce or other matters, whether arranged singly or in series, nor
do we claim as of the said Invention the exclusive use of any of the mechanical
parts described or referred to considered separately and apart from the combination,
application, and use thereof in manner & for the purposes bereinbefore described
and set forth, and as indicated in the following claiming clauses, but what we consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as secured to us under the Letters
Patent hereinbefore first in part recited is,-
-
1st. The improved machine for assorting and sifting purposes constructed,
arranged, and operating substantially as herein beforo described with reference to
and shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive of the accompanying Drawings; also we claim
the modifications described with reference to and shown in Figs. 5 and 6,
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2nd. In an assorting and sifting machine the method of arranging one above
another a number of horizontal sieves separately mounted or suspended on spring
arms, and imparting to each its own reciprocating movement in such wise that
whilst one sieve may move in one horizontal direction the sieve or sievos next it,
may move in a contrary direction the sieves transferring the products one to
another throughout the series, and discharging the "tailings" or "siftings" (as the
case may be), substantially as described and shewn for the purposes specified.
3rd. In an assorting and sifting machine the use or employment, arranged one
above another, mounted or suspended on spring arms, and with separate recipro-
cating movement, of a series of horizontal sieves fitted with level bottoms (or with
additional false bottoms of varying length inserted to catch the siftings from.
various parts of the sieves' length) the material on each of the said bottoms being
caused to travel in the same direction as that upon the sieve proper and delivered
separately at the end, substantially as described for the purposes specified.
4th. The method, substantially as described and shewn with reference to Figs. 4
and 5, of imparting by means of an endless band, ropo, or belt with tightening gear
rociprocating motion to each of a series of horizontal sieves, whether operated by
tappets or cranks and connecting rods, for the purposes specified.
5th. The application and use of assorting and sifting machinery, substantially
as hereinbefore described, to affect the assortment, treatment, or several separa-
tions of the products at each of the successive reductions or breakings of the
"gradual reduction process" of corn milling.
6th. The application and use of machinery as hereinbefore described in com-
bination with gradual reduction machines, reels, and purifiers, as and for the
purposes specified with reference to Fig. 6 of the accompanying Drawings.
7th. The application and use of machinery such as herein before described in
conjunction with a reel or reels to effect a proper distribution or feed of material to
each of a series of assorting machines as hereinabove set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Williamson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty second day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
WILLIAM HENRY WILLIAMSON. (L.S.)