CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT PART OF THE PROCESS OF PAPER MAKING WHICH RELATES TO THE CUTTING
Year: 1828

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BONSOR CROMPTON, of Farnworth, in the County of Lancaster, Paper Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Thirteenth day of May, in the ninth year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas
Bonsor Crompton, and also to Enoch Taylor, of Marsden, in Yorkshire, Mill-
wright, His especial licence that we, the said Thomas Bonsor Crompton and
Enoch Taylor, our exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Thomas Bonsor Crompton and Enoch Taylor, our exors, adññiors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT PART OF
THE PROCESS OF PAPER MAKING WHICH RELATES TO THE CUTTING;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging us, the said Thomas Bonsor
Crompton and Enoch Taylor, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under
our, or one of our, hands and seals, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in His said Majesty High
Court of Chancery within two calender months next and immediately after

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Bonsor Crompton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention
to consist in cutting paper longitutinally in the progress of its manufacture by
a machine; and in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Thomas
Bonsor Crompton, do hereby further describe the manner in which our said
Invention is to be performed by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawing annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, (that is to say):-
-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side view of our said Invention. A is a roller on which paper
is supposed to be wound, either in a damp state from the making machine, or
in a dry state from the drying machine; the paper is represented by the blue
line P, P, which it will be seen extends to the roller B, which is: a receiving
roller, on which the paper is wound after it has undergone the process of
cutting longitudinally. C, D, and E, F, are two pair of drawing rollers,
which may be made of either wood or metal; the upper of the rollers C and E
have pullies on their axes for driving bands, which will be explained hereafter.
G and H are two circular blades which form the cutter, and it will be scen
they intersect each other in the line of the paper. The upper one G has a
driving pully on its axis, to which the first motion is communicated. It will
be observed that the axis r of the lower circular blade H is a thrown a little
out of the perpendicular of the bearing at this side of the machine, and this is
done for the purpose of opening the back edges of the blades to make the
delivery of the paper more free, while it closes the front edges and makes them
act better against each other, thereby cutting the paper more neatly; the
weights V, V, V, are merely friction weights.
I will now proceed to describe the manner of giving motion to the rollers
already mentioned. K is the shaft or axis of the upper blade G of the cutter,
and to this the power, whether steam or otherwise, is applied; on the end of this
shaft is a pully, as also on the ends of the rollers C and E, which, by means
of the bands M and N, are driven from the shaft K. There is also a band
from the pully of the roller E to a friction pully on the roller B, which drives
that roller, and which, as the thickness of the paper increases, requires the
friction pully to slide or slip upon its axis to prevent the paper from tearing
by the accumulation of paper winding upon the roller. This roller I call the
receiving roller. It should be stated that wherever the rollers are in pairs, as

page_text: at C, D, and E, F, the under ones are driven by spur gear at the opposite
ends to those here shewn, as will be seen by reference to the next Figure, and
the under cutter H is in like manner driven from the upper cutter G.
Figure 2 is a view of the opposite side of the machine to that shown in
Figure. 1, and shows the spur gear before alluded to. It should here be stated
that the rollers E, F, should be driven at the same speed as the rollers C, D,
so as to keep the paper uniformly tight. The same letters are used to denote
similar parts in all the Figures.
Figure 3 is a plan of our said Invention. L is a sliding boss with an ad-
justing screw, to which boss the upper circular cutting blade is screwed. The
pink color is intended to denote the steel cutting blade, and the machine being
here represented in the act of cutting the paper, of course the lower blade of
the cutter will be underneath the paper, and is therefore represented by dotted
lines; this Figure shews at the necessary angle at which it is required to
place the shafts on which the cutters are fixed, and by this arrangement it will
be seen that the back of the blades at S just run free of each other, while at t
they touch each other. W represents the longitudinal cut in the paper.
Figure 4 is a separate view of the upper and lower blade of the cutter.
G is the upper, and H is the lower blade; the parts coloured pink represent
steel blades screwed on to the sliding bosses L, Z. These bosses have adjust-
ing screws for the purpose of setting the blades nearer together when neces-
sary. It should be stated that the blades have square or acute edges, and
cut by their action against each other. It is only necessary further to state,
with reference to the general action of the machine, that, motion being given
to the shaft K of the cutter G, the drawing rollers C, D, draw the paper
from the feeding roller A, which is kept from rendering it too freely by the
friction weight V, at the same time the second pair of drawing rollers E, F,
moving at the same speed as C, D, stretch the paper tight for the cutter to
act upon, while the roller B winds it up as it is cut. The above is an ex-
planation of our said Invention as it is to be practised and carried into effect,
when used in a separate and independant state from the other processes of
paper making, but our said Invention may also be applied to and used with
the other processes and machinery used in paper making, with very slight
alterations. Thus, for example, if our machine, as above described, is applied
beyond the ordinary wet pressing rollers, or beyond the dry pressing rollers, or
to the winding reel commonly used and well known to paper makers, it will be
obvious that the roller A may be left out of the machine, and that the paper
may pass at once to the rollers C, D, by speeding the motion of the cutting
machine duly to the velocity with which the paper is produced, and likewise

page_text: the paper, when cut longitudinally, may pass directly to another machine for
cutting it transversely, or into sheets, instead of winding round the roller B,
and in this case the roller B may be taken away or omitted in the construction
of our said machine, without altering or affecting the material parts of the
same, which are the rollers C, D, and E, F, and all that is contained between
them, as herein-before described and set forth.
Now whereas I claim as our Invention the machine herein-before described,
and such machine being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely
new and never before used for the purpose of cutting paper within that part
of His said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, called
England, His said Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the same; and that I do verily
believe this, my said Specification, doth comply in all respects, fully and without
reserve or disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent contained; wherefore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive
right and privilege to our said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Bonsor Crompton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of July, in the year of our
shoucond night hundred and twenty-eight
ACKERS, Extra.
THOMAS BONSOR (L.s.) CROMPTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord 1828, the aforesaid Thomas Bonsor Crompton came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
and twenty eight

page_text: LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY :
PUBLISHED AT THE GREAT SEAL PATENT OFFICE,
25, SOUTHAMPTON BUILDINGS, HOLBORK.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BONSOR CROMPTON, of Farnworth, in the County of Lancaster, Paper Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Thirteenth day of May, in the ninth year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas
Bonsor Crompton, and also to Enoch Taylor, of Marsden, in Yorkshire, Mill-
wright, His especial licence that we, the said Thomas Bonsor Crompton and
Enoch Taylor, our exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Thomas Bonsor Crompton and Enoch Taylor, our exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THAT PART OF
THE PROCESS OF PAPER MAKING WHICH RELATES TO THE CUTTING;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging us, the said Thomas Bonsor
Crompton and Enoch Taylor, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under
our, or one of our, hands and seals, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in His said Majesty High
Court of Chancery within two calender months next and immediately after

page_text: the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, referenc
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Bonsor Crompton, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention
to consist in cutting paper longitutinally in the progress of its manufacture by
a machine; and in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Thomas
Bonsor Crompton, do hereby further describe the manner in which our said
Invention is to be performed by the following description thereof, reference
being had to the Drawing annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, (that is to say) :-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side view of our said Invention. A is a roller on which paper
is supposed to be wound, either in a damp state from the making machine, or
in a dry state from the drying machine; the paper is represented by the blue
line P, P, which it will be seen extends to the roller B, which is a receiving
roller, on which the paper is wound after it has undergone the process of
cutting longitudinally. C, D, and E, F, are two pair of drawing rollers,
which may be made of either wood or metal; the upper of the rollers C and E
have pullies on their axes for driving bands, which will be explained hereafter.
G and H are two circular blades which form the cutter, and it will be seen
they intersect each other in the line of the paper. The upper one G has a
driving pully on its axis, to which the first motion is communicated. It will
be observed that the axis r of the lower circular blade H is a thrown a little
out of the perpendicular of the bearing at this side of the machine, and this is
done for the purpose of opening the back edges of the blades to make the
delivery of the paper more free, while it closes the front edges and makes them
act better against each other, thereby cutting the paper more neatly; the
weights V, V, V, are merely friction weights.
I will now proceed to describe the manner of giving motion to the rollers
already mentioned. K is the shaft or axis of the upper blade G of the cutter,
and to this the power, whether steam or otherwise, is applied; on the end of this
shaft is a pully, as also on the ends of the rollers C and E, which, by means
of the bands M and N, are driven from the shaft K. There is also a band
from the pully of the roller E to a friction pully on the roller B, which drives
that roller, and which, as the thickness of the paper increases, requires the
friction pully to slide or slip upon its axis to prevent the paper from tearing
by the accumulation of paper winding upon the roller. This roller I call the
receiving roller. It should be stated that wherever the rollers are in pairs, as

page_text: at C, D, and E, F, the under ones are driven by spur gear at the opposite
ends to those here shewn, as will be seen by reference to the next Figure, and
the under cutter H is in like manner driven from the upper cutter G.
Figure 2 is a view of the opposite side of the machine to that shown in
Figure 1, and shows the spur gear before alluded to. It should here be stated
that the rollers E, F, should be driven at the same speed as the rollers C, D,
so as to keep the paper uniformly tight. The same letters are used to denote
similar parts in all the Figures.
Figure 3 is a plan of our said Invention. L is a sliding boss with an ad-
justing screw, to which boss the upper circular cutting blade is screwed. The
pink color is intended to denote the steel cutting blade, and the machine being
here represented in the act of cutting the paper, of course the lower blade of
the cutter will be underneath the paper, and is therefore represented by dotted
lines; this Figure shews at r the necessary angle at which it is required to
place the shafts on which the cutters are fixed, and by this arrangement it will
be seen that the back of the blades at S just run free of each other, while at t
they touch each other. W represents the longitudinal cut in the paper.
Figure 4 is a separate view of the upper and lower blade of the cutter.
G is the upper, and H is the lower blade; the parts coloured pink represent
steel blades screwed on to the sliding bosses L, Z. These bosses have adjust-
ing screws for the purpose of setting the blades nearer together when neces
sary. It should be stated that the blades have square or acute edges, and
cut by their action against each other. It is only necessary further to state,
with reference to the general action of the machine, that, motion being given
to the shaft K of the cutter G, the drawing rollers C, D, draw the paper
from the feeding roller A, which is kept from rendering it too freely by the
friction weight V, at the same time the second pair of drawing rollers E, F,
moving at the same speed as C, D, stretch the paper tight for the cutter to
act upon, while the roller B winds it up as it is cut. The above is an ex-
planation of our said Invention as it is to be practised and carried into effect,
when used in a separate and independant state from the other processes of
paper making, but our said Invention may also be applied to and used with
the other processes and machinery used in paper making, with very slight
alterations. Thus, for example, if our machine, as above described, is applied
beyond the ordinary wet pressing rollers, or beyond the dry pressing rollers, or
to the winding reel commonly used and well known to paper makers, it will be
obvious that the roller A may be left out of the machine, and that the paper
may pass at once to the rollers C, D, by speeding the motion of the cutting
machine duly to the velocity with which the paper is produced, and likewise

page_text: the paper, when cut longitudinally, may pass directly to another machine for
cutting it transversely, or into sheets, instead of winding round the roller B,
and in this case the roller B may be taken away or omitted in the construction
of our said machine, without altering or affecting the material parts of the
same, which are the rollers C, D, and E, F, and all that is contained between
them, as herein-before described and set forth.
Now whereas I claim as our Invention the machine herein-before described,
and such machine being, to the best of my knowledge and belief, entirely
new and never before used for the purpose of cutting paper within that part
of His said Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called
England, His said Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the same; and that I do verily
believe this, my said Specification, doth comply in all respects, fully and without
reserve or disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent contained; wherefore I hereby claim to maintain exclusive
right and privilege to our said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Bonsor Crompton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-eight.
ACKERS, Extra.
THOMAS BONSOR (L.B.) CROMPTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord 1828, the aforesaid Thomas Bonsor Crompton came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and twenty-eight.