Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th June. 1896-Accepted, 18th July, 1896
A communication from abroad by THE WEAVER JACQUARD & ELECTRIC
SHUTTLE COMPANY, a corporation under the laws of the State of West
Virginia, of Norwalk, State of Connecticut, United States of America.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE, of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to looms in which two or more shuttles may be used for
simultaneously weaving two or more fabrics or compound or double-faced fabrics,
and the invention consists in means whereby to secure races for the shuttles, while
permitting any of the threads of the warp to be shifted to any desired position,
and across the shuttle race or races, as fully set forth hereinafter and as illustrated
in the accompanying drawings in which,
Fig. 1, is a diagram illustrating the improvement and its operation, in connection
with the lathe and showing the different positions of the warp thread.
Figs. 2 to 4 illustrate the means adopted for insuring a close selvage.
Fig. 5, is a perspective view illustrating the face of the lower shuttle race.
Fig. 6, is an enlarged elevation of the lathe.
Fig. 7, is an elevation in part section showing the means of securing a movable
shuttle race.
Fig. 8, is a side view of the loom with the improvements.
Fig. 9, is a sectional elevation in longitudinal section of said loom.
Before describing in detail the construction of the improved loom, reference is
made to the diagrain Fig. 1, which illustrates the principal feature in connection
with a double race. In this diagram A is the lathe, provided with the usual reed 1,
and usual race across which the shuttle 3, is thrown by the picker in the ordinary
manner. There is, however, an additional race y for another shuttle 2, and this
additional race consists in part of a series of fingers 4, in the shape of rods or
blades parallel to each other. These are preferably so supported that they may be
thrown out of the way to beat up the weft and then into position parallel to the
lower race and sufficiently close together to constitute a way for the shuttle 2, as
it is thrown across the lathe, and so also as not to interfere with the movements of
the warp thread to the different positions shown in Fig. 1. To permit such warp
thread movements, a preferable support consists in forming each blade or rod 4, at
right angles to an arm 5, extending from rock-shaft 6, turning in bearings on the
lathe, so that the warp threads may pass up between the arms 5 and pass the
blades 4. As a result, any or all of the warp threads may pass from the position a
to either the position b or c, or from the position c to either the position b or a, or
from the position b to either of the positions a or c. Therefore, there is combined
with a single reed two shuttle races and two shuttles, one of the races consisting of
parallel separate blades capable of being moved into position when the shuttle is to
be thrown, and to be moved out of position when the reed beats up against the
fabric, and it is possible, therefore, to weave two fabrics parallel to each other with
the different warps passing through a single reed, or to weave a single fabric having
opposite faces of entirely different characters or patterns.

page_text: Inasmuch as the lathe cannot beat up against the fabric until the shuttle has
passed across the warp, the shuttle thread, if no provision was made to the contrary,
would take the position illustrated in Fig. 2, so that when beaten up it would form
a loop at the selvage, as shown at v. To prevent this, what are hereafter termed
the movable race blades" are arranged in sections, so that those at one edge or
side may be thrown out after the passage of the shuttle while the latter is moving
over the race-blades at the opposite edge. Thus, as shown in Fig. 3, the race-
blades are in two sections b, bi, capable of swinging independently (although there
might be an intermediate section) so that when the shuttle has passed one section,
as for instance the section &, the fatter may be swung outward to permit the shuttle
thread to be drawn close to the selvage while the shuttle still travels upon the other
section, after which the latter section is swung out to permit the shuttle thread
to be beaten up, and then is immediately swung back to again receive the shuttle.
Of course, the lower shuttle upon the usual race will draw its thread close to the
selvage in the ordinary manner.
. In order to permit fabrics of different widths to be woven in the same loom,
means are provided whereby the length of the movable race may be varied. Thus,
as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the different race blades nearest the sides of the loom
may be upon sleeves 10, upon the rock shaft, the innermost sleeve provided with a
set screw 12, for binding it to the shaft and all the sleeves having coinciding
ears 13, with coinciding openings and a stationary sleeve 14, on the frame having
an ear 15. By loosening the screw 12, and passing bolts through the openings of
all the coinciding sleeves 10, and of the ear 15, of the stationary sleeve 14, and the
ear of the adjacent sleeve 10, all of said sleeves and their movable race blades will
be bound together stationary and will constitute simply a part of the stationary
race beyond the edge of the fabric. When a wider fabric is required, the screw 12
is turned to bind its sleeve 10 to the rock-shaft and the bolt is removed connecting
any two adjacent sleeves, when those at oue side of the sleeves thus disconnected
will rock with the shaft, while those at the opposite side will remain stationary.
It will be seen that the blades 4 prevent any wear of the warps occupying the
position b, Fig. 1, as said warps lie between the said blades, and the same result
may be secured upon the lower race z by providing it with parallel ribs 16, Fig. 5,
between which the warps in the position e, Fig. 1, will lie. The ribs 16, instead of
being fixed upon the lower race may consist of fingers 16", upon arms 5", extending
from the rock-shaft and longer than the arms 5, as illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 and 9 of
the drawing.
The lathe with its boxes, pickers, reed and movable race or races may be
constructed in different ways and combined with different operating devices, and a
construction will now be described which has been found effective as embodied in
working mechanism.
Referring especially to Figs. 6 to 9, B is the frame of the loom, to which is
pivoted the lathe A, carrying the reed 1, having two shuttle-boxes in, w, at each
end of the shuttles 2, 3, and provided with a rock-shaft in two sections 6, 6,
carrying the movable race blades as before described and fixed blades between the
movable blades and the shuttle-boxes, as shown in Figs. 2 to 4, to support the
shuttle between the movable blades and the shuttle-boxes. There are two picker
sticks C, D, and picker operating levers E, connected therewith and actuated by
bowls 18, on the cam-shaft 19, the parts being so adjusted, however, that the picker
sticks will be brought towards each other simultaneously and each stick provided
with two pickers, one extending into each of the shuttle-boxes so that the shuttles
are thrown simultaneously from the opposite ends of the races.
Any suitable Jacquard mechanism Z, is arranged to operate the harness E, as
desired, to properly open and close the warp to shift the threads to make a single
double-faced fabric, or as arranged as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, to simultaneously
weave two fabrics, the warp being delivered from and the fabric taken up by
suitable beams as usual.
In order to lift the movable race after the passage of the shuttle and carry

page_text: it out of the way of the fabric as the shuttle thread is beaten up, use is made:
of suitable appliances for rocking the rock-shaft carrying the movable race blades,:
or for operating both sections when the said race-blades are in separately movable
sections. As shown, at the end of the shaft or of each section is an arm 18°,.
connected by a connecting rod 19, with a lever 20, having a bowl 21, which enters:
the slot of a cam 22 on the shaft 19, the said cam being of such construction as to,
vibrate the lever in time to lift and depress the movable race-blades in the following
manner.
Referring more particularly to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, of the drawings and assuming
that the race sections are in the position shown in Fig. 2, and that the shuttle is
moving across the race from left to right, as soon as the shuttle passes from the
race section b onto the section (Fig. 3) the operating devices of the section b
will swing said section outwardly. From the race section & the shuttle passes onto
the section , and as it passes from said section to the stationary section, the
section 6, is swung outwardly by its operating devices and both sections b, b, are
maintained in their outward position until after the beat of the reed, immediately
after which they are quickly swung down to receive the shuttle which is now
caused to travel from right to left, and as it passes from the section 6', this section
is swung outwardly and maintained in such position until the section is also.
swung outwardly and the reed has completed its beat, when both sections are
quickly and simultaneously thrown down to receive the shuttle. Thus cach section.
is swung out as soen as the shuttle passes from said section and beyond the edge of
the fabric, so that there is no loss of time in "beating up."
It sometimes becomes necessary to lift the blades in order to get access to the
warp when the machine is not running, and means are, therefore, provided for
locking the rock-shaft or its sections to, and for disconnecting or unlocking them
from, the arm or arms 18. Thus, the lever 23, fixedly secured to the rock-shaft
carries a spring bolt 24, the end of which is adapted to notches in the hub of the
arm 18, and by drawing out said bolt the rock-shaft may be turned independently
of the said arm.
It will be evident when, as before described, there is more than one movable
race, as for instance, two, as would result from using the two sets of arms and
blades 4, 16, (Fig. 9) the action of the jacquard will be modified accordingly, and
each staff will have, of course, a pick for ench shutile.
It is sometimes desirable to operate the loóm so quickly that the throwing down
of the movable shuttle race blades would cause them to make contact with the
woven fabric, or the upper fabric, when there are two fabrics, occupying its normal
position. In order to avoid this, provision is made for depressing the fabric as the
lathe moves back after beating up the thread so as to permit the movable shuttle
race blades to swing inward without contact with the fabric. Thus, as shown in
Figs. 8 and 9, a cross roll 30 is made use of, which is depressed as the lathe begins
to move back and the blades begin to descend. This depressing may be effected
in any suitable way. As shown, the roll 30, is carried by two arms 31, and is
connected by a rod 32 with a lever 33, which is depressed at each backward
movement by a projection 35 on the cam 34 on the shaft 19.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is.-
1. The combination in a loom, of the lathe, a movable race consisting of a series
of parallel blades supported movably upon the lathe, and means for shifting the
same, and a roll 30 bearing upon the fabric, and means for depressing the roll to
carry the fabric out of the way of the blades, substantially as set forth.
2. In a loom, the cumbination with the lathe provided at each end with two-
shuttle boxes, of suitable shuttle actuating means, a shuttle-race consisting of
blades or bars supported in sections, means for automatically, positively and
successively moving the sections into and out of position between opposite the

page_text: shuttle-boxes, and means for fully opening the warp to either or both shuttle races,
substantially in the manner hereinbefore. set forth.
3. In a loom, the combination with the lathe provided at each end with two
shuttle-boxes, of suitable shuttle actuating means, a shuttle-race between the
shuttle boxes, consisting of stationary sections and intermediate movable sections
each of which is formed of blades or bars, and means for automatically and
positively moving the movable sections, substantially as described.
4. In a loom, the combination with the lathe provided at each end with two
shuttle-boxes, suitable shuttle actuating means, a shuttle race between the shuttle-
boxes consisting of stationary sections and intermediate movable sections each of
which is formed of blades or bars, means for connecting one or more of the
stationary sections to the movable sections, and means for automatically and
positively moving the movable sections, substantially as described.
5. In a loom, the combination with the latbe provided at each end with two
shuttle boxes, suitable shuttle actuating means, a double shuttle-race between the
shuttle-boxes, consisting of parallel blades or bars provided with two series of
fingers in different planes, the fingers of the upper series constituting a support for
the upper shuttle, and those of the lower series forming a support for the lower
shuttle, substantially as described.
Dated the 9th day of June 1896.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.