A New or Improved Composition, applicable for Covering or Protecting Ships' Bottoms and other Structures.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Jan., 1897-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Composition, applicable for Covering or
Protecting Ships' Bottoms and other Structures.
I, JOHN SANDERS, of 41, Bridgewater Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Oil Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object to provide navigable vessels and other like
structures with a covering and protecting composition which can easily be applied
to the surface it is desired to protect, and, when applied, adhere thereto and largely
prevent the adhesion of marine growths.
The constituents of the composition which I propose to use are peroxide of iron,.
verdigris, mercury oxide, zinc oxide and varnish. In practice I generally prefer
to combine the ingredients in about the following proportions-
Peroxide of iron
Verdigris -
Mercury oxide
Zinc oxide
Varnish -
- about 50 parts
"
about 20
about 2 "
about 4 "
about 90
"
It must be understood, however, that the foregoing recipe may be very largely
altered in the quantities without materially interfering with its effectiveness. Of
the foregoing ingredients, the verdigris causes the matter, which collects on ships"
bottoms, to fall or drop off or prevents it from collecting; the peroxide of iron is
used largely as a colouring matter; the properties of the mercury oxide prevent
the adhesion of marine growth, or kill it so that it will fall or drop off; while the
zinc oxide has the power of exfoliation and prevents corrosion. It will be under-
stood that any other suitable colouring matter may be used if desired, and in order
to give cohesion, I may add any suitable pigment. The varnish is used as a vehicle
or binding medium with which to mix the ingredients and so form a paint or
covering composition of the required consistency, or instead of, or in addition to
varnish, oil or tar may be used.
Dated this 11th day of April 1896.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322 High Holborn, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.
A New or Improved Composition, applicable for Covering or
Protecting Ships' Bottoms and other Structures.
I, JOHN SANDERS of 41 Bridgewater Street, Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster, Oil Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and im
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object a new or improved composition applicable for

page_text: covering or protecting ships' bottoms and other structures, which can easily be
applied to the surface it is desired to protect and which when applied adheres
sufficiently thereto and largely prevents the adhesion of marine growths. The
constituents of the composition which I propose to use are, (1) Peroxide of iron or
other neutral and cheap body colour, (2) Verdigris or other corrosive and preferably
poisonous sulphate or like salt, moderately soluble in sea water and not acting
injuriously on the other constituents, (3) Mercury oxide or other very poisonous
salt of like nature, that is liable to slow decomposition or solution and capable of
poisoning barnacles and the like. Mercuric oxide is however the best salt of this
nature that I know of. (4) Zinc oxide or other pigment capable of slowly
exfoliating when mixed with boiled linseed oil, varnish or the like, (5) Varnish,
boiled linseed oil, tar, dissolved bitumen or other menstruum of like nature insoluble
in water, and when dry forming a strongly coherent material now used in ships'
bottom compositions. In practice I prefer to combine the ingredients in about the
following proportions:-
Finely pulverised and levigated peroxide of iron - 50 parts
Verdigris
Mercuric oxide
Zinc oxide
Varnish
وو
- 20
- 2
"
4
-
- 90 "
It must be understood however that the ingredients of the aforesaid recipe may
be very largely altered in quantities, and also that the chemical equivalents above
enumerated can be very largely substituted for the special articles mentioned in the
recipe. The verdigris causes the matter which collects on the ships' bottoms to
fall or drop off and prevents it collecting, the peroxide of iron is simply a colouring
matter and a body, the mercuric oxide poisons marine growths and causes them to
fall or drop off, while the zinc oxide has the power of greater exfoliation and thus
prevents the marine growths obtaining a firm hold. The varnish is used as a
vehicle or binding medium with which to mix the ingredients and to form a paint
or covering composition of the required consistency, and instead of varnish, drying
oil, tar, dissolved bitumen and the like now used for similar paint can be employed,
and in order to give cohesion I may add any ordinary menstruum and gums
insoluble in water now used in paint manufacture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A composition formed of the combination of materials of each of the six
-classes substantially as described.
2. The composition substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 21st day of January 1897.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and London, Patent Agents.