Year: 1889

page_text: I LA VERNE W. NOYES of Chicago, County of Cook State of Illinois, United States
of America, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The purpose of this invention is to provide a machine which may be used for
shearing metal by means of shearing wheels, in which the extent of the portion of the
frame which connects the bearings of the shearing wheels, shall not be affected by
the size of the sheet which is cut or the size of the piece which is to be detached. that
is to say, which shall be independent of the distance of the cut from the edge of
may be
the sheet and which will in no way limit the length of the cut which
made.
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine having a single pair of shearing wheels.
Fig. 2 is an opposite side elevation of the frame and shafts of the same machine.
Fig. 3 is a plan of a machine having several pairs of shearing wheels for the
purpose of cutting strips of metal from a single sheet simultaneously or of trimming
two opposite edges of the sheet parallel by one action.
Fig. 4 is a perspective of an adjustable bracket having the bearings for one of the
pairs of shearing wheels other than the primary pair shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional elevations respectively of the two halves of the bracket
shown in Fig. 4 divided at the plane of the shearing wheels' cutting faces each half
being viewed from the side having the section thus made.
Fig. 7 is a detail side elevation of the clamping device for holding and releasing the
sheet.
Fig. 8 is a sectional detail elevation of an adjustable centering device to adapt the
machine for trimming circles.
I will first describe the simple machine, shown in Fig. 1 since it is capable of use
entirely detached from the remainder of the machine as illustrated in Fig. 2.
.A is the frame. It is advisedly cast in a single piece containing the bearings for

page_text: all the wheels. B', is the lower shearing wheel, B2 the upper shearing wheel. 6¹² are
the shafts of said wheels respectively. B1, B20 are bevelled gears on the shafts b¹ 62,
C1, C2 are hevelled gears which mesh with the bevelled gears B¹º, B20 respectively.
Said
gears C, C are fixed on the shafts C1, C2 respectively and said shafts are
journalled respectively in the bearings c¹ c² in the frame.
Said shafts have, at the opposite ends from the gears CC equal intermeshing
bevelled gears C and C. Either of the shafts C10 or C20 may be extended beyond the
position at which the gears C and C21 are secured and made the means of applying
power to the machine by a wheel D fixed on such extended shaft or if the machine is
of small size to be worked by hand, the shaft (20 may be extended beyond the gear (2
and furnished with a crank by which the machine may be driven. In the latter
case, the bearing C² will be elongated as illustrated to steady the shaft because it is
necessary to extend the shaft far enough to permit the crank to revolve above the
plane of the sheet which is cut. Power being applied in either way, causes the two
shearing wheels to revolve at the same speed and in opposite directions so that they
both feed and cut any metal that is entered between them from the side on which
their peripheries revolve toward each other.
The essential feature of this machine is the relative position of the bearings of the
shearing wheels and the several driving wheels. The construction is designed with a
view to permitting the severed parts of the sheet, which is divided by the shearing
wheels to pass out beyond the wheels without diverging from each other, except as
they diverge from the plane of the original sheet, that is, each of the severed parts
being flexed away from the plane of its primal position, one piece in one direction
and the other in the opposite direction, the cut edges remaining in the same plane, or
at least, the construction being such that they may remain in the same plane that
plane at right angles to the original sheet. This necessitates that there should be an
avenue between all the bearings and wheels from the point, where the shearing wheels
lap, that is to say from the cutting point, which shall be unobstructed outward, that is
in the direction of discharge and also shall be unobstructed sidewards from the
cutting face of each wheel past the cutting edge of the other wheel and thence,
without limit sideward in that direction. When an additional pair of shearing wheels
is added as shown in Fig. 2 and hereinafter described for the purpose of trimming the
farther edge of one of the pieces severed, the above statement would be qualified to
the extent, that the avenue sideward in the direction of such secondary pair of wheels
should be unobstructed except by such wheels. In order that such unobstructed
avenues may exist it is necessary that the bearings for the shearing wheels should
have the part which connects them located on the discharge side of the wheels in the
plane of the cutting faces and extending across that plane, so that that plane will
completely traverse such connecting part, that is to say so that a severance of the
frame in that plane would completely sever from each other, and leave disconnected
the two bearings of said two shearing wheels. In order to come to the fuller
understanding of the necessity stated above it should be remembered in all metal
shearing devices which have heretofore employed rolling cutters or shearing wheels
such wheels have been supported at the extremities of arms or frame bars reaching
from the side of the sheet to be cut respectively over and under said sheet, to the line
along which the cut was to be made, or else such arms have extended, from beyond
the sheet in the direction of the cut, the sheet being fed between the wheels toward
the connecting standard, and the distance at which said standard was located from the
bearings that is to say the length of the arms, constituted the limit of the length of
cut, which should be made, just as in the first above cited construction, the length of
the overhanging and under shearing arms is the limit of the width of a strip which
the machine will cut. In the first class of machines, in order to cut wide strips, and
in the second class in order to cut long strips, the wheel supporting arms, being long
and liable therefore to spring, have to be very strong, or else the efficiency of the
shearing wheels is very much diminished, so that, aside from the fact that such
machines for even moderately large work are rendered exceedingly heavy their
capacity as to the size of work done is rigidly limited. And since the strength

page_text: necessary in such overhanging arms depends also upon the thickness of metal to be
cut, it is almost a necessity to have a separate machine for each particular grade of
size of work, since a machine strong enough and therefore heavy enough to cut
a forty inch strip of eight inch iron would be so heavy as to be uneconomical for the
purpose of cutting narrow strips of thin metal. By comparison of the machine herein
illustrated with the types above described, it will be seen that my machine, having
shearing wheel bearings connected by a neck of metal which is removed from the
plane of the axes of the wheels by a distance less than the radius of the wheels may be
made strong enough for the very heaviest work and still be light enough to be
economical for the very lightest work, and that in this machine there is no limit
whatever to the size of either piece of the metal severed in either dimension, length or
breadth.
In order to adapt this machine to trim the farther edge of one of the strips cut, or
to cut several strips with parallel edges at one action from a single sheet, the shafts A'
and of the shearing wheels may be extended indefinitely, brackets E E being
provided at intervals adjustable in the supporting standard F to which the frame A
also is secured, said brackets having bearings, through which the extended shafts pass,
and having the same generic feature in respect to the relation of those bearings
as pertains to the frame A so that a pair of shearing wheels being located on the shafts
at each of the brackets, the portion of the brackets, which connects the bearings of
the two shafts respectively, is located on the discharge side of the two wheels, and
crosses the plane of the shearing faces, and is completely traversed by that plane
produced so that the severance of the brackets in that plane would sever from each
other the bearings of said two wheels. E' E² are the bearings of the shafts b₁ 6² in
the brackets E. E is the portion of metal which constitutes the connection
between said bearings. The form here shown differs however from that of the
frame A in that the two bearings are on opposite sides of the plane of the shearing
faces of the wheels, whereas in the frame A, the corresponding bearings are on the
same side of the plane of the wheels. It will be noticed also that in the frame A on
account of the location of the two bearings on the same side of the plane of the wheels
it is necessary that the portion connecting said bearings should twice cross the plane
of the shearing faces of the wheels, since in order to leave a clear avenue for the
piece which is cut on the side on which the bearings are located, that connecting
portion must pass entirely to the other side and must therefore return again to the
original side to the second bearings, but in the form shown in the brackets E, the
bearings being on the opposite sides, the portion which connects them fulfils all the
mechanical conditions necessary in crossing the plane of the shearing wheels once,
as illustrated. The construction of this bracket is most clearly perceivable in
Figs. 5 and 6.
Incidentally it is desirable to shape the metal constituting the frame A and the
bracket E so that it shall furnish guiding surfaces to divert the two severed pieces of
the sheet cut, each in its proper direction. Such faces may be seen in the frame A
being upon one side of the slope a³ which directs one of the pieces upward, and on the
other side as which directs the other piece downward. In the brackets E these
slopes are even more clearly noticeable, being lettered E20 on both sides.
When the additional pairs of wheels are used (whether one or more) it is necessary
that the relation of the two wheels of each pair and consequently of the two hearings
should be reversed frem that of the adjacent pair, that is so that the strip which is cut
between two consecutive pairs shall not have one each diverted upward, while the other
edge is diverted downward and this order is observed in the construction illustrated.
The brackets E are made adjustable as stated in their position on the supporting
standard and provided with ordinary means for securing them in any position to
which they may be respectively adjusted, and the shearing wheels in like manner
which must accompany the brackets in their adjustment, slide on the shaft D when so
adjusted and are made fast at any desired position.
In order to afford means for carrying the gauge at the right hand of the machine,
an arm G extends out from the frame A and the gauge H, formed with an eye to fit

page_text: such arm slides thereon, this gauge being of necessity parallel to the plane of the
cutting faces of the shearing wheels.
When it is desired to cut circles with this machine the right hand pair of wheels
is employed for that purpose, and in order to centre the pieces, a centre point H' is
provided adapted to be lodged in a suitable socket in the sliding gauge H
immediately over the arm G. If the metal is light it will only be necessary to press
it slightly upon the centre point and thereby indent it slightly to cause the point
retain it while it is trimmed and revolved by the shearing wheels. If it is of heavier
metal than can be indented by the pressure of the hand, a prick punch will first be
used to locate the centre which will then be lodged upon the centre point H' instead
of such point forming the indentation. I find it quite an effected means to use a
flat tapped centre block such as shown in Fig. 8 the pressure of the finger of the
operator above it on the upper surface of the metal being ordinarily sufficient to keep
it centered and this is more certainly the case if the surface of such a centre block
be covered with rubber as represented by in Fig. 8.
When the edge which is to be cut by the wheels is to form a predetermined angle
with the rear edge of the sheet instead of being parallel with the right hand edge,
a gauge extending transversely to the plane of the shearing wheels is needful and
such gauge J is represented. For the purpose of affording support and means of
adjustment for such gauge there is necessarily at least one bar K made rigid with
the standard F and extending transversely to the shafts 61 62. (Several such bars are
shown and illustrated as framed together and they constitute à bed or frame work
for supporting the sheet of metal to be cut but for the purpose of the gauge only
one of them need be considered.)
The gauge J is arranged in any simple manner to slide toward and from the shafts b¹
and on the frame bar K. As illustrated, said gauge is secured upon the clasping
block J which is connected to a similar block J' rearward of the first by the bar J,
which lies alongside of the bar K. From the rear side of the forward one of the
clasping blocks J¹ I extend the bracket. J³ which reaches up around the rear edge of
the metal plate to be cut when the latter is in position of the bed and at the forward
or overhanging end of said bracket I pivot a clamp lover J* whose lower end it is
shaped eccentrically with respect to the pivot of the lever so that when the metal
plate to be cut is in position with its edge against the gauge and resting upon the
forward part of the forward clasping block, J¹ if the upper end of the lever is pushed
toward the shafts 6162, the lower end will bite the plate and clamp it firmly on the
block and so hold it against the gauge. In order that the sheet may be released
from the clamp lever when the cut is finished said lever is made long enough so that
it collides with the upper shaft 62 when the sheet has reached that position and while
the sheet is still in the grasp of the shearing wheels and with sufficient force
remaining in that grasp to pull the lever against the shaft thereby rocking it back
and releasing the sheet as shown in Fig. 7. The gauge J it will be understood, is
adjustable on the block J' as to its angle to the plane of the shearing wheels although
secured fast when in use. A simple clamp bolt passing through the half circle
brace J is sufficient to thus adjust and secure it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is
1. In a shearing machine in combination with a pair of shearing wheels a bracket
having the bearings for said wheels respectively the portion of said brackets which
connects said bearings being located on the discharge side of the wheels and extend-
ing transversely to the plane of their shearing faces, and completely traversed by said
plane produced so that the severance of the bracket in that plane would sever from
each other the bearings of the wheels respectively substantially as set forth.
2. In a shearing machine in combination with the shearing wheels, the train of
gearing by which they are both revolved said train being continuous by means of its
contacting parts from one wheel to another, and extending across and being traversed

page_text: by both the plane of the sheet to be cut and the plane of the cutting edges of the
shearing wheels, substantially as set forth.
3. In a shearing machine in combination with the shearing wheels, the frame in
which they are journalled having the portion which connects the journal bearings of
the shearing wheels located beyond the cutting point of the wheels toward the
discharge side, and having two faces one upon each side of the plane of the cutting
edges sloped to divert the severed edges of the metal in opposite directions substan-
tially as set forth.
4. In a shearing machine, in combination with the shearing wheels and the train of
gears by which they are both revolved said train being continuous in and by means
of its successively contacting parts from one shearing wheel to the other and crossing
and being traversed by both the plane of the sheet to be cut and the plane of the
cutting edges of the shearing wheels and the frame in which the shafts of said train
obtain bearings, located beyond the shearing wheels, in the direction of discharge
and extending through the rift in the severed sheet substantially as set forth.
5. In a shearing machine in combination with the shearing wheels, the frame in
which said wheels are journalled having the parts which connects the bearings of
said wheels crossing the plane of the cutting edges of the wheels at the rift in the
severed sheet, two counter shafts journalled in said connecting part, and the gear
wheels on them respectively and the gear wheels rigid with each of the shearing
wheels and intermeshing respectively with the gear wheels on the counter shafts,
one of said counter shafts extending across the plane of the cutting edges of the
shearing wheels through the rift in the severed sheet substantially as set forth.
6. In a metal shearing machine, in combination with the shearing wheels, a bed
to support the sheet to be cut a gauge upon said bed and interfitting ways and guides
on the bed and gauge respectively, parallel to the plane of the shearing faces of the
whee's and a clamp to bind the sheet to the gauge substantially as set forth.
7. In combination substantially as set forth, the frame, the shearing wheel shaft b²
journalled on said frame, the bed rigid with the frame, the gauge sliding on the bed
and having a clamp lever to bind the sheet which is to be cut said lever extending
far enough from the bed to collide with the shaft 2, thereby the feeding action of
the shearing wheels causes the shaft to unlock the sheet at the end of the cut sub-
stantially as set forth.
8. In a metal shearing machine in combination with the shearing wheels, a centre
point adjustable laterally with respect to the plane of the cutting edges and located
in a line at right angles to that plane and passing through the cutting point sub-
stantially as set forth.
9. In a metal shearing machine in combination substantially as set forth, two or
more pairs of shearing wheels on two parallel shafts one wheel of each pair on one
of the shafts and the other on the other shaft, a bracket for each pair of wheels
having bearings for said shafts adjacent to the wheels respectively the part of such
bracket which connects said bearing being located at the discharge side of the wheels
and extending across and being completely traversed by the plane of the cutting
edges of the wheels, so that said plane produced would completely sever from each
other the two bearings of said shafts, a frame or standard on which said brackets are
supported one or more of said brackets being adjustable on such standard laterally
as respects the planes of the cutting edges of the shearing wheels.
11-
ليود
1
T
1300
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to Applicant.