Ax ADDITION AND IMPROVEMENT APPLICABLE TO THE BRINGING OR CONVEYING OF COALS FROM THE INTERIOR OR INNERMOST PART OF COAL MINES OR OTHER MINES; AN ADDITION AND IMPROVEMENT UPON MACHINERY FOR RAISING COALS, ORES, OR OTHER MINEREALS IN THE PIT OR SHAFT; AND AN ADDITION AND IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANNER OF DELIVERING COSLS AT THEH
Year: 1799

page_text: WHO THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HUMPHREY
JEFFREYS, of the Town and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twelfth day of February, in the thirty-ninth year of His
reign, give and grant unto me, the said Humphrey Jeffreys, His especial
licence that I, the said Humphrey Jeffreys, during the term of years therein
mentioned, should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, an Invention of "Ax
ADDITION AND IMPROVEMENT APPLICABLE TO THE BRINGING OR CONVEYING OF COALS
FROM THE INTERIOR OR INNERMOST PART OF COAL MINES OR OTHER MINES; AN
ADDITION AND IMPROVEMENT UPON MACHINERY FOR RAISING COALS, ORES, OR OTHER
MINEREALS IN THE PIT OR SHAFT; AND AN ADDITION AND IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANNER OF DELIVERING COALS, ORES, OR OTHER MINEREALS AT THE MOUTH OF
THE PIT OR SHAFT;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso,
obliging me, the said Humphrey Jeffreys, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month after the
date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being
thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.

page_text: iner,
tuat in compliance with the said proviso, I, the sid
Humphrey Jeffreys, do hereby declare that my said Invention is set forth in
the I'lan hereunto annexed, and the following description (that is to say):
My addition to and improvement of machinery applicable to the bringing
or conveying coals, ores, or other minerals from the interior or innermost parts s
of coal mines or other mines, commonly called putting, is shewn in the annexed
Drawing, where Fig. 1" is a ground plan of this method of putting, represented
as placed in the interior part of the coal mine where (and also in all the other
Figures). X, X, is the pit or shaft; B, B, are full and empty corves or baskets;
C, C, is an endless chain or rope, passing round and supported by the wheels
D, D; E, E, are cross bars, supporting the endless chain C, C, at certain
distances between the wheels D, D, and from which the corves are suspended
as in Fig. 2. On these cross bars are four small wheels or pullies, two of
which are placed at the ends of each bar, and bear on the platform F.F,
except when passing round the wheels D, D, when the inner wheels or pullies
bear on the platform G, G, by which means the corves B, B are carried to
the opposite side of the platform F, F, and then travel in a direction contrary
to that in which they move on the other side of the platform. By this method
of constructing the platform G, G, and placing the wheels D, D, (as repre-
sented in Fig. 1st and 2d), the corves may be carried round any part of a
circle, not exceeding three-fourths, with certainty and expedition, without the
assistance of human strength, or retarding the motion of the machinery, which
may be worked in the mine by any given power. My method of giving
motion to this machinery is represented in Fig. 4, 5, 14, & 15, where the
endless chain or chains F, F, F, F, being put in motion (in the manner here-
after described), and turning the wheels G, G, near the bottom of the pit (as
represented in Figs 4, 5, 14, & 15), gives motion to the wheels L, L. and
likewise to the wheels M, M, with their axis N, N; on the same axis are the
wheels O, O, and revolve with them, and by means of the short chains I, I,
communicate motion to the wheel P, P, with its axis Q, Q. and the upper
wheel on the same axis D, D. This of course gives motion to the long endless
chain C, C, together with the cross bars E, E, and the full and empty carves
B, B, which are thus carried in rotation to and from the interior parts of the
mine and the bottom of the pit or shaft. Fig 2 & 3 are side views or
sections, representing the interior parts of a coal mine, with part of the pit or
shaft, where the same letters refer to the same parts. Fig. 7 is a section or
side view of the chain wheels P, P, and D, D, with the axes Q. Q. revolving
round what I call the standard R, R, which supports the inner platform G, G.
the bottom of the pit, and these wheels give motion to the endless chain

page_text: e. from Mine
C, C, as verore described, and represented in Fig 1, 2, and 3. Fig 8, 9, 19,
are an example of this method of communicating motion from the endless
chains or ropes F, F, that is represented in Fig 4 and 5, where the wheels
L, L, give motion to the wheels M, M, with their axis N, N, and the lower chain
wheels 0, 0, which communicate motion to the short endless chain I, I, together
with the wheels P, P, before described. By this contrivance the machinery
may be stopped or put in motion, as occasion may require, without stopping or
retarding the endless chains F, F, when drawing coals up the pit or shaft, as
described in Fig. 4, 5, 14, & 15. Fig. 8th is a section of this method of
stopping and giving motion to the short endless chain I, I, which communi-
cates motion to the endless chain C, C. The wheels M, M. being put in
motion, together with their axis N, N, which revolve in the centre of the
wheels O, O, carry round the cylindrical block or chuck S, S, with its
projections, by means of a prominence in the cylindrical hole of the block,
Fig. 10, which slides in a grove near the bottom end of the axis N, N. This
block is suspended, as occasion requires, by the lever T, T, Fig. 2, and is
thereby prevented from coming in contact with the wheels 0.0. When it is
found convenient to have the endless chain C. C, put in motion by the con-
municating chain I, I, a man lifts up the long end of the lever T, T. and
depressed the cylindrical back until it comes in contact with the notches in the
wheel O, O, which is then carried round by the projections on the block S, S.
and the axis N. N, together with the endless chains I, I, and C, C. This
motion may be stopped at pleasure by pressing down the long end of the
lever T, T, which lifts the blocks S, S, clear from the notches in the wheels
0, 0, by which means the machinery in the interior parts of the mine is
managed with certainty and expedition. Fig. 4th represents my addition to and
improvement in the manner of delivering coals, ores, &c. at the mouth of the
pit, where A, A, is a shaft or axis, worked by a steam engine (as expressed in
the annexed Drawing), or by some other power, on which are fixed two wheels
B, B, working into the wheels C, C, which may be made to revolve, either on
or with their own axis D, D. These wheels in their motion carry round with
them what I term the chain wheels E, E, and which have projections onl
their surface, to prevent the chains from slipping. F, F, are endless chains
or ropes, supported by the wheels E, E, and are put in motion by them:
5 these chains are kept in their proper position at the bottom of the pit by the
wheels G, G. H, H, are cross bars, fixed to the endless chains er ropes E, F
from which the corves B, B, are suspended, by means of short chains or
ropes I, I; the endless chains or ropes being put in motion as above described,
and as many loaded corves being in the act of ascending up the pit at the

page_text: same time as may be found convenient when the cross bars II, II, coin in
contact with the chain wheels E, E, they vary their motion from the per-
pendicular direction and are carried over the top of the wheels E, E, then
acquiring a descending motion on the opposite side of the wheels E, E, and
consequently on the opposite side of the pit, carry with them the loaded
corves, suspended as before mentioned, which in their perpendicular descent
are deposited on the sledge K, as in Fig. 4. The loaded corves being then
disengage from the short chains or ropes I, I, empty corves are hung on in
their stead, and are carried by the same descending motion to the bottom of
the pit, where they are again disengaged, and full corves hung on, by which
means a regular succession of full and empty corves is constantly produced.
Fig. 5 is a side view of this method of delivering coals, ores, &c. at the mouth
of the pit, where the same letters refer to the same parts. The wheels L, I.,
which I call conducting wheels, are placed near the top of the pit, immediately
under the platform, which is commonly called the settle boards, and which is
on the same side of the pit with the descending side of the endless chain F, F.
These wheels being fixed as above described, press against the endless chain
F, F, and cause that part of the endless chain which comes from the wheels
C, C, to the wheels L, L, to alter its perpendicular direction, but on passing
these wheels it again acquires a perpendicular direction in the pit; the descending
side of the endless chain F, F, being thus pressed nearer the ascending side,
and the settle boards fixed, with the sledge K placed on them, as described in
the annexed Drawing, the corves B, B, suspended to the cross bars H, H, and
descending from the wheels E, E, in a perpendicular direction, are deposited on
the sledge K. Fig. 6th is a plan of this method of delivering coals, ores, &c.,
which more fully describes the manner of giving motion to the wheels C, C,
and the chain wheels E, E, Fig. 11 is a plan of another method of giving
motion to the wheels C, C, and chain wheels E, E, (as expressed in Fig. 4. 5,
& 6.) from the steam engine or any other given power, where F, F. is a
crank and wheel with its axis, on which are the wheels G & H, connected
together by the cylindrical box or chuck I, which gives motion to the pinion
wheels K&L, with their axis A, A, and pinion wheels B, B, together with
the wheels C, C, the motion being thus communicated by the axis F, F, and
the wheel G working into the pinion wheel K on the axis A, A, and such
motion being properly adapted to drawing coals, ores, &c. out of pits of
depth, where many corves are in the act of ascending at the same time (as in
Fig. 4, 5, 14, and 15). The motion thus produced requires more time than is
found convenient for the men when ascending the pit or shaft, therefore it is
necessary to accelerate the motion, which may be done with expellition by
great

page_text: from Mines.
A on the axis A, A, out of the wheel G on the
crank axis F, F, and putting the small pinion wheel L to come in contact with
the wheel H on the crank axis. By this method, the chains and machinery
from the crank axis F, F, may be accelerated in a short time to any degree
of motion that is most convenient, the first moving cause proceeding without
increased velocity. Fig. 12, and 13 represent an example of a method of
applying a parallel joint to a crank, where by which contrivance the recipro-
cating steam engine may be worked without what is commonly called a beam,
and a rotative motion may be communicated to any machinery, as in
Fig 4 and 5, where it is applied to drawing coals, &c. by the steam engine.
My addition to and improvement of machinery for raising coals, ores, &c. out
of mines, consists in a method of applying one endless chain or rope instead of
two, and of certain machinery whereby a considerable saving is made as well
in the first expence of machinery as in upholding the same, and likewise of
room in the pit, as is more full explained in the annexed Drawing. Fig 14
and 15 are a profile and other views of the machinery of this addition and
improvement for raising coals, ores, &c. out of pits or mines, where the same
letters refer to the same parts. A, A is a wheel, worked by a steam engine
or any
other power, and which communicates motion to the wheel B, B, with
its axis C, C, and the cylindrical barrel or wheel D, D: on this barrel are
projections E, E, to prevent from slipping the endless chain or rope F, F,
which is carried round and supported by it. G, G, is a chain wheel, placed
near the bottom of the pit, by which the endless chain or rope is kept in its
proper position, and which at the same time may be applied to give motion
to the machinery for putting, as already described and expressed both here, and
in Fig 1, 2, and 3; H, H, are bars projecting from the endless chain F, F, and
supported by it, and by what I call the brace chains or ropes I, I, which are
fastened to the endless chain. These brace chains or ropes alternately
support in their ascent and descent the projecting bars II, II, to which are
suspended the full and empty corves L, L, by means of the short chains or ropes
K, K; one end of these short chains or ropes is hung on the outer end of
these projecting bars and close to the brace chains or ropes in any manner that
will admit the projecting bars to revolve within the end of these short chains
or ropes, when the projecting bars come in contact with the cylindrical barrel
or wheel D, D, and the chain wheel G, G. The endless chain F, F, with the
brace chains I, I, and the projecting bars H, H, being put in motion, revolve
with the cylindrical barrel or wheel D, D, which causes the corves suspended
from the extreme end of the projecting bars, as before described, to ascend
and descend, and they are carried from one side of the pit to the other

page_text: alternately, but are prevented from revolving with the cylindrical barrel or wheel
D, D, and the chain wheel G, G, by the ends of the projecting bars extending
beyond the end of the barrel or wheel D, D, while the projecting bars are in
contact and revolve with it, consequently the short chains or ropes K, K, by
which the corves are suspended, cannot come in contact or revolve with the
wheels D, D and G, G, but are carried from one side of the pit to the other in
front of the barrel or wheel D, D, and are kept clear of it and its axis by the
ends of the projecting bars extending beyond the end of the barrel, as before
mentioned, and by this means the corves preserve their perpendicular direction,
and are deposited on the sledge K (which of course is on the descending
side of the endless chain F, F), in the same manner as was before explained
in Fig. 5. L, L, in Fig. 15, is a lever to apply friction by means of human
strength to the cylindrical barrel or wheel D, for the purpose of stopping or
retarding the motion of the endless chain when required. Fig. 16 is a plan
for the more fully explaining this method of raising coals, ores, &c. out of
mines, where the same letters refer to the same parts as in Fig. 14 and 15.
Fig. 17 is a profile, taken from the projecting end of the cylindrical barrel or
wheel D, D, and part of the endless chain F, F, as in Fig. 14 and 15
(consequently the length of the cylindrical part of the wheel is invisible), which
is represented on the wheel D, D, and between its projections, by which it is
kept from slipping when a superior weight is suspended to one side of the
chain.
In witness whereof, I, the said Humphrey Jeffreys, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of March. One thousand seven hundred
tra. in Chancery.
AND BE
EMEMBERED,
Same
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid Humphrey Jeffreys came before
our Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Eleventh day of March, in the year above written.