IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FOLDING SHEETS OF PAPER
Year: 1884

page_text: We JOHN HENRY BUXTON, Newspaper Manager, MARK SMITH and DAVIES
BRAITHWAITE, Printers Engineers, all of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR FOLDING SHEETS OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to and consists in combinations and arrangements of
mechanism for folding sheets of paper fed in single sheets to the machine.
One form of our invention consists in a machine which is fed with sheets by
two attendants from two separate tables and this machine is or may be fed or
altered when desired to act as a single fed machine-In one modification of the
machine according to our invention the mechanism of the cylinders first taking the
sheet, rotates continuously, in another modification they rotate in the same direction
intermittently; the former arrangement is more particularly intended for folding
Newspapers, and the latter sheets for book work.
In the double feeding machine three cylinders are arranged with their axes
parallel to each other and all three are geared to be continuously rotated together
in the same direction-The cylinders first taking the edge of the sheets to be
folded have each a gripping arrangement similar to those used in printing machines.
The gripper shaft in each cylinder is geared up with a wheel on another shaft
having bearings on each end of the cylinder, which shaft has one arm and bowl at
each end of the cylinder-one bowl being acted upon to open the grippers by a
fixed cam placed concentric to the axis of each cylinder, the other bowl is acted
upon by the incline on an arm or lever on a fulcrum on the framing, which lever
is oscillated to bring the incline of the arm in the way of the bowl for each
cylinder alternately, by a connecting rod and crank rotated from one cylinder to
make one revolution for two of the cylinder.
The sheets are fed to both taking-in cylinders, but each cylinder only takes a
sheet every alternate revolution and there is an oscillating gauge as a guide
against which the edges of the sheets are fed, which guage is moved or oscillated
up and down by a cam surface on the axis of the crank operating the oscillating
lever for alternately actuating the grippers of the taking-in cylinder.
The first taking-in cylinder, has a knife or edge which is kept against an edge
on the cylinder by a spring-this edge is in such position in the cylinder as to be
opposite the middle of the sheet and when this knife or edge comes opposite
grippers on another cylinder below it, the knife acts to force the paper doubled
into them, which are caused by the stationary cam acting upon them to take hold
of the doubled sheet at the same time as the grippers on the taking-in cylinder
release their hold.

page_text: There are tapes on this lower or folding cylinder which guide combined with
other tapes and rollers and carry the sheet forward into a horizontal position the
grippers by the action of the cam releasing their hold when the tapes have got
hold of the sheet. These tapes bring the sheet against a stop and then an knife on
arms from a shaft oscillated by a crank force the middle of the once folded sheet
between rollers, having tapes arranged to carry it to another horizontal position
and against another stop where it is acted upon in like manner by a knife and
rollers at a right angle to the former, and this is repeated according to the number
of foldings required.
"
The folded sheet is or may be received in a box or on a "fly" and is thus turned
over flat, or is delivered on to tapes and carried to a 'fly" and filed in any
convenient position.
The grippers of the second taking-in cylinder take, carry, and deliver the sheet
to the grippers of the first taking-in cylinder, when the grippers of both cylinders
come opposite each other, when rotating, so that the first taking-in cylinder delivers
one sheet at one revolution (which has been directly fed to it) to the folding
cylinder below, and then at the next revolution takes the sheet from the other
taking-in cylinder, and passes it to the folding cylinder in like manner and this is
done alternately
There is a lever jointed to each gripper cylinder acted upon by a spring to force
a bowl carried by the lever against the edge of a notched disc on the shaft in gear
with the gripper shaft, the bowl entering a notch in the disc to hold the gripper
shaft in its two open and closed positions, until opened or closed by the action of
the cams.
Or a rod is jointed to a stud in a disc on the gripper shaft, the lower end of this
rod sliding through an oscillating eye or guide, and there is an helical spring in
this rod between the swivel eye and a collar on the rod, this spring acts to keep
and hold the grippers in their two positions into which the cams move them.
The knife edge on the first taking-in cylinder and the grippers on the folding
cylinder are made adjustable to each other to suit the different sizes of sheets to be
operated upon.
The knife on the first taking-in cylinder is arranged and connected with a wheel
at the end of the cylinder loose upon its axis-the grippers on the folding cylinder
are arranged in like manner, and the wheels are made to gear together so that by
moving the wheels both knife and grippers are simultaneously adjusted to each
other, then the wheels are each secured by a bolt passing through a concentric slot
in the end of each cylinder.
The machine with a double feed above described is made into a single feeding
machine by taking away the second taking-in cylinder; though it may be single fed
without taking away the second taking in cylinder.
Another modification of a single fed machine according to our invention consists
in arranging the taking in cylinder with grippers to be fed and worked in a manner
similar to the cylinder of the Wharfdale Printing machine.
The oscillating motion in the wheel that gives motion to the taking-in cylinder
is obtained from a crank that gives motion to a toothed rack in gear with the
wheel that drives the cylinder.
This taking-in cylinder is provided with a knife arranged as hereinbefore
described to deliver the sheet to the folding cylinder which may be placed above
it, which cylinder delivers to tapes and other mechanism arranged in a similar
manner to that herein before described for folding the sheet as many times as
required.
1
T

page_text: We JOHN HENRY BUXTON, Newspaper Manager, MARK SMITH and DAVIES
BRAITHWAITE Printers Engineers, all of the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR FOLDING SHEETS OF PAPER, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our invention relates to and consists in combinations and arrangements of
mechanism for folding sheets of paper fed in single sheets to the machine.
One form of our invention consists in a machine which is fed with sheets by
two attendants from two separate tables, and this machine is or may be fed or
altered when desired to act as a single fed machine-In one modification of the
machine according to our invention the mechanism of the cylinders first taking
the sheet rotates continuously in another modification they rotate in the same
direction intermittently, the former arrangement is more particularly intended for
folding Newspapers, and the latter sheets for book work.
In the double feeding machine three cylinders are arranged with their axes
parallel to each other and all three are geared to be continuously rotated together
in the same direction-The cylinders first taking the edge of the sheets to be folded
have each a gripping arrangement similar to those used in printing machines.
The gripper shaft in each cylinder is geared up with a wheel on another shaft
having bearings on each end of the cylinder, which shaft has one arm and bowl at
each end of the cylinder-one bowl being acted upon to open the grippers by a
fixed cam placed concentric to the axis of each cylinder, the other bowl is acted
upon by the incline on an arm or lever on a fulcrum on the framing which lever
is oscillated to bring the incline of the arm in the way of the bowl for each cylinder
alternately by a connecting rod and crank rotated from one cylinder to make one
revolution for two of the cylinder.
The sheets are fed to both taking in cylinders, but each cylinder only takes a
sheet every alternate revolution and there is an oscillating guage as a guide against
which the edges of the sheets are fed, which guage is moved or oscillated up and
down by a can surface on the axis of the crank operating the oscillating lever for
alternately actuating the grippers of the taking-in cylinders.
The first taking-in cylinder, has a knife or edge which is kept in position by a
spring-this edge is in such position in the cylinder as to be opposite the middle
of the sheet and when this knife or edge comes opposite grippers on another
cylinder below it, the knife acts to force the paper doubled into them, which are
caused by the stationary cam acting upon them, to take hold of the doubled sheet
at the same time as the grippers on the taking-in cylinder release their hold.
There are tapes on this lower or folding cylinder which guide combined with
other tapes and rollers and carry the sheet forward into a horizontal position the
grippers by the action of the cam, releasing their hold when the tapes have got
hold of the sheet These tapes bring the sheet against a stop and then a knife on
arms from a shaft oscillated by a crank forces the middle of the once folded sheet
between rollers having tapes arranged to carry it to another horizontal position
and against another stop where it is acted upon in like manner by a knife and
rollers at a right angle to the former and this is repeated according to the number
of foldings required.
The folded sheet is or may be received in a box or on a "fly" and is thus turned
over flat, or is delivered on to tapes and carried to a "fly" and piled in any
convenient position.

page_text: The grippers of the second taking-in cylinder take, carry, and deliver the sheet
to the grippers of the first taking in cylinder, when the grippers of both cylinders
come opposite each other, when rotating, so that the first taking-in cylinder delivers
one sheet at one revolution (which has been directly fed to it) to the folding
cylinder below, and then at the next revolution takes the sheet from the other
taking-in cylinder, and passes it to the folding cylinder in like manner and this is
done alternately.
There is a lever jointed to each gripper cylinder acted upon by a spring to force
a bowl carried by the lever against the edge of a notched disc on the shaft in gear
with the gripper shaft, the bowl entering a notch in the disc to hold the gripper
shaft in its two open and closed positions until opened or closed by the action of
the cams.
Or a rod is jointed to a stud in a disc on the gripper shaft the lower end of this
rod sliding through an oscillating eye or guide, and there is an helical spring in
this rod between the swivel eye and a collar on the rod, this spring acts to keep
and hold the grippers in their two positions into which the cams move them.
The knife edge on the first taking in cylinder and the grippers on the folding
cylinder are made adjustable to each other to suit the different sizes of sheets to be
operated upon.
The knife on the first taking-in cylinder is arranged in and connected with a
wheel at each end of the cylinder loose upon its axis the grippers on the folding
cylinder are arranged in like manner, and the wheels are made to gear together so
that by moving the wheels both knife and grippers are simultaneously adjusted
to each other, then the wheels are each secured by a bolt in each cylinder passing
through a concentric slot in each end of each cylinder.
The machine with a double feed above described is made into a single feeding
machine by taking away the second taking-in cylinder though it may be single fed
without taking away the second taking-in cylinder.
Another modification of a single fed machine according to our invention consists
in arranging the taking-in cylinder with grippers to be fed and worked in a manner
similar to the cylinder of the "Wharfdale" Printing Machine.
The oscillating motion in the wheel that gives motion to the taking-in cylinder
is obtained from a crank that gives motion to a segmental toothed rack in gear
with the wheel that drives the cylinder.
This taking-in cylinder is provided with a knife or blade arranged as herein-
before described to deliver the sheet to the folding cylinder which may be placed
above it, which cylinder delivers to tapes and other mechanism arranged in a similar
manner to that hereinbefore described for folding the sheet as many times as
required.
Fig 1 is a side elevation, and fig 2 an end elevation illustrating our double feed
folding machine, and fig 3 is a sectional view through the cylinders with the parts
shown in the position as when a sheet has just been fed to one cylinder (a).—
Fig 4 shows the cylinders when the parts are in a position where the grippers of
one taking in cylinder 6 is delivering to those of the other cylinder a; fig 5 is an
outside end view of one end of the taking in cylinder a, and fig 6 is a longitudinal
section through the same. Fig 7 is an end view of the lower cylinder (c) and
fig 8 is a longitudinal section through the same- -Figs 9, 10 and 11 are detached
views of parts hereinafter referred to.
There are three cylinders of equal diameters a b and c and the shaft of cach
cylinder is in suitable bearings on the framing-The fast and loose driving
pulleys c² are on the end of the shaft c¹ of the cylinder c and there is a spur
wheel on this shaft (c) that gears with one (a2) on the shaft a of the cylinder a
and this wheel (a2) gears with one (62) on the shaft b¹ of the cylinder b.
In some cases the wheel (c³) on the shaft c¹ may be dispensed with, the cylinder a
being driven by the spur wheels on the ends of the cylinders a and c hereinafter
referred to.

page_text: The cylinder is a plain cylinder with a shaft b₁ through it having bearings in
the cylinder ends with ordinary finger grippers 6 as on cylinders of ordinary
printing machines.
There is or may be also another shaft b having bearings in the ends of the
gripper cylinder parallel to the gripper shaft b and a wheel or segment of a
wheel 66, on this shaft, gears with a pinion 67 on the gripper shaft 63, there are
cranks on each end of the shaft 65 which are acted upon or which have anti-friction
bowls that are acted upon alternately to open and close the grippers.
A similar arrangement of grippers are or may be used in the cylinder a and the
grippers on each cylinder are actuated to close alternately one at one revolution
and the other at the next revolution of the cylinders and so on so as to take sheets
alternately.
There is a spur pinion (65) on the end of the cylinder shaft b₁ (see fig 1) which
gears with a spur wheel d (shown by dotted pitch lines) twice its diameter having
its bearings on a stud in the framing, so that this spur wheel & makes one revo-
lution for two of the cylinders, and in this wheel there is a crank pin which is
jointed to one end of a connecting rod d' the other end of which is jointed to an
arm d² on the end of a short shaft d³ having its bearing in a bracket secured to
the framing.
Or instead of a short shaft d³ the shaft may extend across the machine and have
bearings in each side frame-The arm d¹ secured on the short or long shaft d³ gives
oscillations to it from the crank pin on the wheel d and there is another arm d
secured on this shaft formed with two cam inclines upon its edges which are
arranged to come in the way of the cranks or bowls bs on the gripper shafts,
or shafts connected with them and cause the grippers of each cylinder to close
alternately.
As shown in fig 1 the incline on one side of the arm d' is supposed to have just
closed the grippers on the cylinder b and when the crank pin in the wheel d has
made half a revolution and the cylinders a and b one revolution, the cam incline on
the other side of the arm a will act to close the grippers on the cylinder a when
the sheet is fed directly to them.
It is the cam inclines on the arm d' combined with the movement produced
by the crank pin which moves the gripper shafts. The grippers are opened by
stationary concentric cams secured to the framing so as to be adjustable as in the
gripping cylinders of printing machines these cams being indicated by dotted
lines bin fig 1. The grippers on the cylinder b are opened when in the position
shown in fig 3 when the grippers on the cylinder a have closed upon the edge of
the sheet-The grippers on one cylinder are made to come into spaces between
those on the other cylinder and notches are cut out of the periphery of the cylinder a
to permit the grippers of the cylinder b to open clear of the cylinder a when they
are releasing their hold of the edge of the sheet. The grippers of the cylinder a
are closed when taking the sheet from the cylinder b by a stationary cam piece on
a bracket (a) secured on the framing so as to be adjustable concentrically with the
cylinder. This cam piece a³ will act to close the grippers on the cylinder a when
the incline arm is not in the position to do so, and when that arm d' has acted
(as when the sheet is fed directly to the cylinder a) to close the grippers, the crank
or bowl on the gripper or its connected shaft 65 passes the cain piece a³ without
being operated upon; the grippers being in such case already closed. There is a
feeding table e carried on the framing for each cylinder a and b, and each table has
two or more narrow thin metal projections (el) which extend over the cylinders a
and b at the point where the grippers take the edge of the sheet-There is a shaft e³
extending across the machine having bearings in brackets (not shown in fig 1) in
the side frames and on this shaft at intervals thin metal arms e³ are secured, one
opposite each thin metal projection (e¹) on the feeding tables e-These arms (e³) are
cach bent down and have a notch cut out of them or are forked to extend on each
side of the corresponding projection el on the feeding table e. The shaft e³ has
oscillations imparted to it by a cam et on the side of the spur wheel & (shown in

page_text: dotted line fig 1) which acts on a bowl on a stud in one end of an arın e³ the other
end of which is secured on the cscillating shaft e-The cam et is shaped to cause
the arms e³ on one side of the shaft e to descend upon the projections e¹ from the
table e and then lift and bring the arms e³ on the other side of the shaft e² into a
corresponding position alternately. When the arms e³ are as shown in fig 1 they
act as a guage to place the edge of the sheet which is to be fed to the grippers of
the cylinder a but allow the sheet just fed to the grippers of the cylinder b to pass
forward. The grippers are held in the open and closed positious, and are made to
grip the edge of the sheet by an arrangement shown by fig 10 in which is a
disc secured upon the gripper shaft or the shaft 6 in gear with it-This disc b is
or may be the spur segment having one portion of its edge toothed and in gear
with the spur pinion b' on the gripper shaft.
The disc may be placed on the gripper shaft or on the shaft actuated by it either
on the inside or outside of the cylinder.
There is an arm f one end of which is jointed on a part secured by screws to the
cylinder in any convenient manner, the other end of this arin fcarries a bowl f¹
which is pressed by a spring f³ acting on the arm fagainst the edge of the disc b
which has a notch in it in the positions where the grippers are opened and shut and
the bowl f' in the latter position is made to press on one side of the notch so as to
force the disc round and press the grippers firmly upon the edge of the sheet-The
spring f³ is a bent flat spring one end secured to the cylinder and the other free
end pressing against the arm f
Fig 9 shows another arrangement which may be used in place of that shown by
fig 10. is a disc on the gripper shaft, or shaft geared with it, jointed with this
disc is one end of a rod the other end of which slides through an eye ƒ³ which
can swivel in the end plate of the cylinder.
Between the swivel eye and a collar ƒ on the rod f* there is an helical spring
and when the gripper shaft or shafts are turned to either extreme position the
spring will press and hold it in that position, and when the shaft or shafts are
turned a little past the middle position between the two extremes the spring will
tend to rotate and bring it to the extreme position on one side or the other.
When the swivel eye f³ is secured in the end of the cylinder and comes through
the wheels a hereinafter mentioned, a concentric slot has to be made in the wheel
for the swivel eye to allow the wheels to be adjusted to the cylinder as hereinafter
described.
The grippers on the taking-in cylinder a grip against a rib projection at extending
across and standing about tive sixteenths of an inch above the peripheral surface of
the cylinder a in which there is a thin metal blade a secured to a shaft a having
bearings in the ends of the cylinder.
This blade is for forcing the sheet to be folded into grippers on the cylinder c.
The thin blade as and cylinder a and the grippers on cylinder c have to be
adjusted to each other for different sizes of sheets and to effect this object and
simultaneously adjust one to the other, the parts are not carried on the ends of the
cylinders a aud c but on wheels a and c close to the outside ends of the cylinders
and which can be rotated on the shafts or axis of the said cylinders, and the two
spur wheels a', on the ends of one cylinder gear with the corresponding wheels c
on the ends of the other cylinder-The shaft carrying the thin blade as has its
bearings in the two spur wheels a', and there are concentric slots in the ends of the
cylinder and in the disc of the middle supporting rim to allow the shaft aº to move
when adjusted.
On one end of the shaft a there is a finger as secured which is pressed against a
pin stop in the wheel a' by a spring a secured to the shaft a in the inside of
the cylinder a and pressing against the axis or shaft a¹ of the cylinder a and thus
the blade a is held in its correct position.
There is a space left open in the peripheral surface of the cylinder a to allow of
the adjustment of the blade as to different sizes of sheets to be folded and across
this gap in the cylinder there are three or more narrow metal or other segments all

page_text: to sustain the sheet being folded, and the blade a³ has notches cut out of it to give
clear space for these narrow segments as shown in fig 6.
The edge of the blade as projects about five sixteenths of an inch from the
peripheral surface of the cylinder and when it and the grippers on the cylinder c
come together the f ld is inserted therein.
These grippers are forined by a thin metal plate c³ secured to a shaft co, which
may be called the stationary jaw, and another thin metal plate c' secured to another
shaft c which may be termed the movable jaw-Both shafts cand e pass through
and have bearings in the spur wheels c at the ends of the cylinder so as to be
moved and adjusted to the different sizes of sheets same as the blade a³ on the
cylinder a and there are concentric slots in the ends of the cylinders, and in the
supporting middle rim to allow of adjustment as herein before explained.
There is also a gap in the surface of the cylinder c to allow the nippers c² to be
adjusted and across this gap there are segments of thin metal c which may have
turned up sides-these segments of metal forming the continuation of the grooves
for the tapes made in the surface of the cylinder c.
The grippers c and e' project above the peripheral surface of the cylinder c about
five sixteenths of an inch and are notched out to give clearance for the metal
segments for the tapes, as shown in respect to two or three grooves in fig 8-
The movable gripper shaft c8 has a crank on its end with a bowl clo upon it to be
acted upon to open and close the grippers by a stationary concentric cam secured
adjustable to the framing and represented by dotted line c* in fig 1.
These grippers close when the fold is inserted by the thin blade a at which time
the grippers and cylinder a release their hold of the sheet, and the grippers c² by
the action of a spring release the fold when the tapes hereinafter described have
taken hold of it.
The adjusting spur wheels a7 and c' at each end of the cylinders a and c are made
to move simultaneously to keep the blade a³ and grippers c7 parallel by a shaft g
extending across the cylinder c parallel to its axis, and having bearings in the spur
wheels c'.
On the shaft g there is a spur pinion g' at each end which gears with a spur
segment a cast on or secured to the inside ends of the cylinder.
There are concentric slots in the ends of the cylinder and in the disc of the
middle supporting rim to allow the shaft g to move to the desired extent when
adjusted.
The adjustment is made by means of a box key to fit a square g² on the end of
the shaft g, by turning which, the cylinders will be moved when the spur wheels a
and care held from rotating or vice versa, the wheels a' and c will move and
carry the connected parts with them when the cylinders are held from revolving.
When the adjustment has taken place the spur wheels a and c are secured to
the ends of the cylinders a and c by screw nuts on the ends of the shaft co for the
stationary jaw c³ on the cylinder c or by bolts passing through the disc of the spur
wheels and through concentric slots in the ends of the cylinders (as at a¹³ fig 5) the
the head of the bolt extending on each side of the concentric slot in the end of the
cylinder so that when screwed up the spur wheel and cylinder end will be clamped
together. By this means when the spur wheels c are made by the shaft g to
move together on the axis of the cylinder c those a7 on the axis of the cylinder a
are also made to rotate at the same time-There are other ways of effecting the
object above described for example, by a shaft on the exterior of the cylinders
having pinions to gear with the spur wheels on one of them by which they may be
made to move together but in this case the shaft would be always revolving when
the machine was at work and in the former case the shaft g only revolves when
the parts are to be adjusted.
The cylinder c according to another modification of our invention is constructed
so that the wheels c are keyed or secured upon the axis c¹ and form the actual
ends of the cylinder having a flange on the inner side to carry the " lagging
(when used) in which there is a narrow gap sufficient only to allow the folding
"

page_text: grippers c and c7 to pass through and open and close. The gripper shafts c and c³
are in the wheels c or the stationary gripper is or may be secured to the lagging
and the shaft g and wheels g' and spur segments a¹ are dispensed with, as the
wheels themselves being secured on the axis c¹ keeps the wheels a' and folding
blade carried by them (which are loose on the axis of the cylinder a' when being
adjusted) parallel. With the cylinder c thus constructed the wheel c³ is dispensed
with and the cylinder a will be driven direct from the wheels c gearing with the
wheels a after, the folding blade a³ and grippers cc' have been adjusted and the
wheels a have been clamped to the ends of the cylinder a. The folding blade a³
and grippers c, c7 are adjusted to the size of sheet to be folded, by unclamping the
wheels a holding the cylinders a and b from revolving and turning the cylinder c
backward or forward as required and then clamping the wheels a to the cylinder a
when adjusted..
The adjustment is or may also be made by a worm on an axis or short shaft
having bearings in projections from the side of one of the wheels a' this worm
gearing with a worm wheel or the segment of a worm wheel on the axis a¹ of the
cylinder or on the cylinder end adjoining the wheel carrying the worm and shaft
by turning the latter by a box key acting on squares or by other means one way
or the other the relative positions of the wheels « to the cylinder a will be varied
and adjusted as required, and this will adjust the cylinder c at the same time.
In some cases the lagging forming the peripheral surface of the cylinder c may
be dispensed with by using light metal pulleys on the axis c¹ secured at the
required distance apart for the tapes to work on, the grippers c³ and c being
notched to pass on each side and clear of the narrow pulleys which would take the
places of the segmental pieces c³ fig 8.
There is a blade or blades e of thin metal carried by the shaft e² for actuating
the guages which blade is alternately brought against the surface of each cylinder a
and to sinooth the sheet between it and the cylinder. The cylinder c, has a series
of grooves for tapes as before mentioned, each tape passing round its groove in the
cylinder c and then to rollers having their axes carried in suitable brackets from
the framing the tapes passing as shown by the peculiar dotted lines h.
The upper sides of the tapes from the cylinder c pass under a roller 2 having its
bearings in suitable carriers on the framing and this last named roller h² and
another h³ in suitable bearings, carry another set of tapes working above those
on the cylinder c; the grippers c upon which cylinder deliver the fold of the sheet
between these two sets of tapes h and which carry them forward horizontally
until the forward edge comes against a stop x when a knife h³ on oscillating arms
forces the middle of the once folded sheet between cross rollers i and i¹ and as this
and all the other folds of the sheet are effected by ordinary rollers, tapes and
oscillating knives and delivered by ordinary flys, we will only name the parts and
show how they are combined with and actuated by the other mechanism of the
machine.
jis a horizontal shaft, in suitable bearings driven by bevel wheels from the
shaft cl, there is a pulley j¹ on its outer end having a crank pin to which one end
of a connecting rod jis jointed the other end being jointed with one arm of a
bell crank lever ³ secured on the end of the shaft in suitable bearings on the
framing this shaft having arms to carry the knife for the first cross fold-On
one arm of the bell crank lever j³ there is a stud for a swivel having pivots at a
right angle to the stud in the bell crank lever, for one end of a forked connecting
rod the other end of which has a similar fork but at a right angle and is
connected to a similar swivel on a stud in an arm secured on the end of a shaft
in suitable bearings which shaft has an arm 2 to carry a knife for making the
second fold in the same direction as the fold made by the cylinder c.
The inner end of the oscillating shaft k has an arm to which one end of a
connecting rod is jointed, the other end of which is jointed with an arm m¹
secured on a shaft m in suitable bearings on the framing which carries an arm m²
for a knife m³ for giving the second cross fo'd.

page_text: To a crank pin in the wheel a² one end of a connecting rod n is jointed, the
other end of which is jointed with an arm n' on the end of an horizontal shaft n²
in suitable bearings, this shaft has the fly arms n³ upon it and delivers the folded
sheets on to the table n when the sheets are only to receive two folds broadway
of the sheet and one lengthway, but when an additional fold in the lengthway of
the sheet is to be given by the knife m³ then the folded sheets are received by the
fly n which is on a shaft n' in suitable bearings on the framing at right angles to
the shaft n with which it is geared by bevel wheels nº.
The first cross folding rollers i and ¹ are driven by gearing from a wheel on the
side of a pulley working on a stud in the framing, the pulley being driven by
a belt from the pulley . The rollers and 15 for the second broadway fold are
driven from a pulley 16 on the shaft c¹ by a belt l working on a pulley 18 on the
shaft 2.
The second cross folding rollers m' are driven by a spur wheel m³ on the shaft j
which gears with one (m) on a shaft m7 in suitable bearings and a pulley m³ on
this shaft drives by a belt m³ another pulley on a shaft m* in suitable bearings.
The conducting tapes for each set of folding rollers are driven by gearing from them.
The tapes for taking the sheet from the first class folding rollers i and i¹ to the
next broadway folding rollers and i³ pass as follows-One side of the tape it
passes from the roller i to, and against the roller 26, then round a roller , then
round a roller is and then back to the roller i³.
There are also tapes that work round the rollers * and i so that the folded
sheets are carried down between these tapes.
There are tapes p the upper side of which pass from the roller p' under the
roller p*, round the roller p³ and back to the roller p', first passing under the
roller pt.
There are also tapes p³ which work round rollers 2º and p³.
Where required, there are rods (not shown) forming a grid placed over or
opposite the tapes to guide the folded sheets and keep them from buckling.
There are stops x, x and x² to stop the sheet carried by the tapes until acted
upon by the knives in each case as is well understood.
We use a switch arrangement which in one position will cause the folded sheet
to be delivered to the first fly n³ or cause it to pass on to receive another fold and
be delivered by the next fly n-This switch may consist of a blade of metal q
shown in dotted line fig 1 reduced in thickness from the middle of the breadth to
each edge extending the length of the folding rollers and having pivots at each end
for suitable bearings on the framing in which it can be oscillated and held in
either of two positions by a lever on the end of one pivot, and a pin in the framing
to secure the lever in either of the two positions so as to divert the sheet to the
first fly n³ or pass it on to the tapes to receive another fold.
Fig 11 is a detached view on an enlarged scale showing another form of switch;
and are the folding rollers, p' and po the rollers for the tapes to carry the sheet
forward to the next folding rollers, and n³ represents the ends of the first delivery
fly The switch is a bar 7 of the section shown having pivots q' on which it
oscillates.
When fixed in the position shown in full line it diverts the sheets to the next
folding rollers and when in the position shown in dotted line it diverts the sheets
to the first delivery fly n³.
Fig 12 is a side elevation illustrating that modification of our invention where
the folding cylinders rotate intermittently there being a pause between each
rotation, during which rotation one sheet is operated upon.
There are two cylinders a and c constructed and arranged the same as those
hereinbefore described in reference to figs 1 and 2, with the exceptions hereinafter
named.
The cylinder c is placed above the cylinder a; e represents the feeding table which
is arranged in relation to the guage for the sheet and is actuated same as in the
Wharfdale Printing Machine.

page_text: There is a pulley or wheel on the axis of the cylinder a which has stops and
notches by which the cylinder a can have one revolution imparted to it and then
stop as in the Wharfdale Printing Machine.
t represents the pawl jointed on the framing at t¹, and is pushed upwards by a
spring t against a stop pin t³ in the framing, in which position it will be ready
to come against the stop t on the said pulley and arrest the motion of the
cylinder a.
to represents another pawl (bell cranked) having its fulcrum t upon the
framing, and its end comes also against the other side of the stop t on the said
pulley to prevent rebound-This pawl t is held ready to act by a spring t7 pressing
upon one of its arms and pushing it against a stop pin t in the framing.
is a spur wheel (shown by dotted pitch line) which has a sliding catch in it
to take hold of a notch in the said pulley when the spur wheel u has made its
-back movement as in the Wharfdale Printing Machine, but this spur wheel u does
not receive motion from an horizontal toothed rack on the type bed as in the
Wharfdale Printing Machine, but is actuated by a segmental toothed rack u¹
having its fulcrum on a stud u in the framing, or on the end of a shaft extending
across the machine in suitable bearings on the side framing.
This toothed rack segment u¹ has one of its arms u³ slotted radially to fit a
bowl on a crank pin us in a crank on the end of a shaft u extending across the
machine in suitable bearings-This crank shaft us is driven from the driving belt
by suitable gearing at the speed required to make one revolution for each sheet to
be folded.
On the end of the segment u¹ and at one side there is a stud carrying a bowl u
which acts upon the upper surface of the pawl t and (as shown) withdraws it from
the stop on the said pulley in that position.
The crank shaft us turns in the direction shown by the arrow and in the
position in which it is shown the segmental rack u is about to make the
movement which will rotate the cylinders a and c, and this movement will occupy
a little less (as shown) than three fourths the revolution of the crank and the
back movement of the segmental rack u¹ and wheel u (during which time
the cylinders are standing) will occupy about one fourth of the revolution of
the crank shaft u³.
The cylinders a and c may be geared by spur wheels (a³ and e³) or only by the
spur wheels (a7 and c) at the ends of the cylinders for adjusting the blade (a") and
grippers (c) herein before described.
The grippers (c) on the cylinder c will in this arrangement have to carry the
fold of the sheet about half round the cylinder before delivering it to the tapes h
which pass round rollers at ¹-There are tapes on rollers h² and h³ and the
grippers deliver the fold of the sheet between the tapes h and h*.
The tapes are driven from the cylinder c and only move intermittently,
bringing each once folded sheet against a stop when the knife k² acts to give it
the cross fold, and tapes and rollers (not indicated) similarly arranged to those
herein before described in reference to figs 1 and 2, carry the sheet over the rollers *
and against a stop and the knife 3 gives the second fold breadthway of the
sheet and the sheet may then be conveyed by tapes and rollers to receive other
folds if required, or be carried by tapes p round rollers p¹ and p³ and tapes p³
round rollers p and p² to the delivery fly n³.
Motion is or may be imparted to the folding knives and 3 by crank motion
from the crank shaft no by a connecting rod, and the fly n³ may be actuated in
like manner.
The tapes and rollers for the first cross fold and subsequent folds of the sheet
are or may be driven continuously from the crank shaft n at a speed sufficient to
carry one sheet against each stop for each revolution of the crank shaft and
cylinders a and c.
The oscillating shafts and 1 for the knives and are or may be connected
to work together as shown and as herein before described in reference to figs 1

page_text: and 2, the shaft & being actuated by a connecting rod (not shown) from the crank
shaft u
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In folding machines where separate sheets are fed by hand to a guage, the
combination of two cylinders, one having grippers and a folding blade and
the other folding grippers, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
2. In folding machines the combination of a cylinder with grippers and a
folding blade with a cylinder having folding grippers, and with a third cylinder
with grippers to which sheets are separately fed, and which delivers its sheet to
the one with grippers and folding blade, substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described.
3. The combination and arrangement of three cylinders with grippers, folding
grippers and folding blade with roller tapes and other mechanism for folding sheets
fed separately by hand, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by
the drawings.
4. The system or mode of, and combination and arrangement of mechanism for
adjusting the folding blade of one cylinder to the folding grippers of the other
cylinder to suit different sizes of sheets, substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated.by the drawings.
5 The combination and arrangement of folding mechanism, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by fig 12 of the drawings.
6. The combination of a toothed segment with radial slotted arm, with a crank
for imparting slow motion to the wheel in gear with the segment, when the
cylinders have to be rotated and a quick return motion to the wheel when the
cylinders are standing, substantially as described and illustrated by fig. 12.
Dated this first day of October 1884.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.