IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING MACHINES."-A com-
munication from abroad by Pierre Alauzet, of Paris, in the
Empire of France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 28th January 1868.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING MACHINES,
a communication to me from abroad by Pierre Alauzet, of Paris, in
the Empire of France, to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to mechanical lithographic printing machines,
and consists,
Firstly. In the application of a small disc carried by an arm
mounted on a spindle and bearing against the circumference of the
main pressing cylinder of the machine for the purpose of removing

page_text: the sheets without the necessity of using tapes, and without the risk
of soiling the sheets; this arrangement is morcover specially applicable
to very narrow margins.
Secondly. In the employment of a feed roller covered with felt,
flannel, or other absorbent material carried on the back portion of
the carriage which supports the stone, such roller having for its
object the supplying of moisture to the damping rollers.
Thirdly. In the use in substitution for the above-mentioned roller
of a water reservoir which serves to damp the stone through the
intervention of a special roller in conjunction with the damping rollers.
Fourthly. In the use of a moveable plate situate on the surface of
the carriage and made to risc horizontally by the aid of lever arms
on rocking shafts carried on the under side of the carriage and
actuated by a screw spindle for the purpose of adjusting the height
of the stone. This arrangement moreover admits of the stone being
placed from the back of the carriage and without inclining it as
heretofore.
Fifthly. In the employment of a system of of moveable register actuated
by a lever inside the main cylinder worked by an eccentric or cam,
whereby facility is afforded for puncturing the sheet after it has been s
laid hold of by the gripper, thus insuring greater precision in the register.
Sixthly. In the use of a lever arm on the inner cylinder for
detaching the sheet from the register points or perforators above
referred to, and preventing accidental injury or tearing of the sheet;
this lever arm over which the sheet is placed is actuated by the 2
same mechanism which operates the gripper, and is elevated just
before the arrest of the motion of the cylinder in order to disengage
the sheet from the points and then returns to its normal position again.
Seventhly. In the employment of a moveable bar or roller carried
on small lever arms for the purpose of pressing down the corners of 3
the shect and retaining it in its proper position on the cylinder until
the gripper has seized it, thereby insuring greater accuracy of register.
Eighthly. In obtaining the required clastic or yielding pressure of
the cylinders by the aid of springs composed of discs of caoutchouc,
felt, or other elastic material in lieu of counterweights as heretofore.
Ninthly. In the employment of a species of hammer having per-
forations therein corresponding to the points hercin-before referred to.
3

page_text: This hammer is actuated by a volute or barrel spring fast to a hori-
zontal spindle which carries a pinion in gear with the rack of the
machine. The object of this arrangement is to effect the antomatic
perforation of the register holes in the back of the sheet, whereby
greater regularity is obtained than when such operation is effected
by manual labour as heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of January, in thic
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her special
license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry Johnson,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING MACHINES," a communication
from abroad by Pierre Alauzet, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
he date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
eclare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:-
The said Invention relates to mechanical lithographic printing
machines, and consists, -
Firstly. In the application of small discs carried by an arm mounted
on a spindle, and bearing against the circumference of the main
pressing cylinder of the machine for the purpose of removing the sheets
without the necessity of using tapes, and without the risk of soiling the
sheets.
Secondly. In the employment of a feed roller covered with felt,
flannel, or other absorbent material carried on the back portion of
the carriage which supports the stone, such roller having for its object
the supplying of moisture to the damping rollers.
Thirdly. In the use in substitution for the above-mentioned roller
of a water reservoir, which serves to damp the stone through the
intervention of a special roller in conjunction with the damping
rollers.
Fourthly. In the use of a moveable plate situate on the surface
of the carriage, and made to rise horizontally by the aid of lever arms
on rocking shafts carried on the under side of the carriage, and
actuated by a screw spindle for the purpose of adjusting the height
of the stone. This arrangement moreover admits of the stone being
placed from the back of the carriage and without inclining it as
heretofore.
Fifthly. In the employment of a system of moveable register actuated
by a lever inside the main cylinder worked by an eccentric or cam,
whereby facility is afforded for puncturing the sheet after it has been
laid hold of by the gripper, thus ensuring greater precision in the
register.
Sixthly. In the use of a lever arm on the main cylinder for detaching
the sheet from the register points or perforators above referred to,
and preventing accidental injury or tearing of the sheet. This lever
arm over which the sheet is placed is actuated by the same mechanism
which operates the gripper, and is elevated just before the arrest of the

page_text: motion of the cylinder in order to disengage the sheet from the points
and then returns to its normal position again.
Seventhly. In the employment of a moveable bar or roller carried
on small lever arms for the purpose of pressing down the corners of
the sheet, and retaining it in its proper position on the cylinder until
the gripper has seized it, thereby ensuring greater accuracy of
register.
Eighthly. In obtaining the required elastic or yielding pressure of
the cylinder by the aid of springs composed of discs of caoutchouc,
felt, or other clastic material in lieu of counterweights as heretofore.
Ninthly. In the employment of a species of hammer having
perforations therein corresponding to the points herein-before referred
to. This hammer is actuated by a volute or barrel spring fast to a
horizontal spindle which carries a pinion in gear with the rack of the
machine. The object of this arrangement is to effect the automatic
perforation of the register holes in the back of the sheet, whereby
greater regularity is obtained than when such operation is effected by
manual labour as heretofore.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for
that purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheets
of Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in all the corresponding Figures.
Figure 1, on Sheet 1 of the Drawings, is a side clevation of the
improved press; Figure 2, a vertical section taken along the line A, B,
in Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a plan of the same corresponding to
Figure 1; Figure 4 is a longitudinal section; and Figure 4" is a
transverse section shewing an arrangement of damping roller; Figure 5
is a detail side clevation of one of the bearings for the said roller;
Figure 6 is an under plan; and Figure 7 a section taken along the
line A, B, shewing the herein-before mentioned moveable plate for
adjusting the height of the stone and the mode of effecting such
adjustment; Figure 7 shews the pieces which serve to wedge in or
tighten the stone laterally on the said plate; Figure 8 represents a
longitudinal section of the cylinder of the press shewing the improved
puncturing mechanism and the bar employed to ensure the registering
of the sheets; Figure 8 is a vertical section of the angle iron bar for
ensuring the registering of the sheets; Figure 9 is a transverse section

page_text: of the cylinder taken along the line A, B, (Figure 8), which actuates
the register as well as the grippers, and the picce which is used for
detaching the sheets from the points at the time of withdrawal;
Figure 10 is a side elevation and Figure 11 an end view of the register
points.
Figure 12 (Sheet 2) is a view of the cylinder shewing the elastic
pressure bearing, and Figure 12ª is a side view taken at the opposite
end of the cylinder shewing the mechanism which actuates the bar
used to ensure the registering of the sheets; Figure 13 is a side
elevation and Figure 14 a corresponding plan of the table registering
apparatus; Figure 15 is a transverse vertical section of the same
through A, B, in Figure 14. Figure 16 is a side elevation of the
gripper arrangement and the plates employed for detaching the shect;
Figure 17 is a transverse vertical section shewing the application of
these parts to the cylinder; Figure 18 is a longitudinal vertical
section, Figure 19 a transverse section, and Figure 20 a plan
shewing a modification of the system of damper.
a is a spindle carrying the discs which serve to withdraw the sheet
of paper after being printed; b is the cylinder of the press; c, the
discs, placed on the axis a supported by rods d; e are rings or washers
covered with caoutchouc, which serve to detach the sheets from the
cylinder; ff, are the rollers employed for damping and drying the
stone; is an attachment cast in one with the table h; i is a roller
for supplying the dampers with water; j, a water reservoir; k, a
roller placed on the water reservoir j; l, the bearings of the reservoir j;
m is a screw which is placed in the bearings 1, and serves to adjust
the height of the reservoir j and of the roller %; n (colored red in
Figure 5) is a piece of flannel for supplying water from the reservoir j
to the roller k; o (Figure 4) is a counterpoise roller; p is the move-
able plate of the table; q are pins or bolts which support the plate pi
r, levers acting on the pins or bolts q; 8, the shafts of the levers r;
t, levers placed in the middle of the shafts 8, and provided with screwed
sockets ; v is a screw for adjusting the height of the plate p; x
is a guide for the screw v, and y a handle for turning the said screw;
is the lithographic stone; 10 are ribs on the under side of the table h.
A are forked abutting pieces secured to the side ribs of the carriage
or table ; B are the pressing screws of the abutting pieces A; C
arc bolts which are used to secure the picces A to the flange of the

page_text: carriage or table; D and points intended to puncture the sheet of paper
for the purpose of registration; E is a case or holder in which the
points D are fixed; F is a lever which actuates the punturing
mechanism; G, the fulcrum of the lever F; H is a cam groove in
which the end of the lever F works; I is a plate which is mounted
on the shaft of the cylinder of the press; J, a boss on the plate I;
K is the shaft of the cylinder; L is a lever which serves to disengage
the sheets from the perforators; M are screws which serve to connect
the extremity of the lever L with the cylinder (Figure 16); N is the
boss of the grippers O; P is a cam which is fixed to the boss of the
grippers, and effects the raising of the lever L; Q is a bar by which
greater accuracy may be cusured in the registering of the shects; R
(Figure 12), an arm which communicates the oscillating motion to the
said bar; S, rollers for supporting the said bar; T (Figure 17), an
abutment in the form of an eccentric; U, angle pieces fixed to the
bar Q; V, metal box enclosing elastic washers X; Y, lower metal
washer; Z, a cross piece to receive the washer Y; W, bolts which
connect the cross piece Z with the top of the pedestal of the cylinder;
a is a roller which serves to maintain the sheet regularly stretched
on the cylinder, and to prevent any diminution in its size before
pressure; arc guide arms of the roller j, the guaging table & actuating
lever (Figure 12); is a hammer worked by a barrel spring which
effects the puncturing of the sheet; 3, the axis of the hammer ; 0,
the spring box; λ, a pinion mounted on the axis 3 and gearing with
the rack; p, sponge; σ, tube provided with perforations r; s conduits
to supply water to the tube σ.
One of the improvements consists in the application to mechanical
lithographic presses of an apparatus which is shewn in Figure 1, the
object of which is to effect the withdrawal of the sheets of paper
after printing without the use of the tapes ordinarily employed for
this purpose.
This apparatus is composed of an axis a disposed
parallel to the cylinder b, and carrying a series of small discs c, the
number of which may be varied. These discs are mounted on a
socket fixed on the axis a by means of screws, so that they may be
placed in any required position. They are sufficiently thin to be
readily placed in the intervals or spaces left by the impression. It
will be understood that the sheet of paper when taken between the
cylinder and the disc c is maintained and conducted in the required
direction to proceed from the press. The inconvenience attending the

page_text: use of tapes, for which there is often hardly sufficient room in the
small spaces or margins, and which are liable to get out of order and
become defaced with ink and thus stain the sheets, are by this
arrangement avoided. In this system the discs c when once fixed in
a suitable position on their axis a maintain constantly a uniform
position in relation to the printed sheet, and turn on their own axis
under the action of the pressure which they exert on the cylinder b in
conducting the paper in the required direction. In order to admit of
a variation in the position of the axis a in relation to the surface of
the cylinder b, it is supported at its two extremitics by connecting
rods d (Figure 1), which are so disposed as to render it capable of
continually applying itself against the cylinder under the action of
its weight and of springs disposed for that purpose.
facilitate the issue of the sheet of paper after it has been released by
the grippers, rings or washers are employed mounted on an axis or
spindle e, the position of which rings or washers may be varied at
will by means of an adjusting screw. To these washers a rotatory
motion is imparted, and they are covered with a thickness of caoutchouc
which is substituted for the brushes ordinarily employed for the same
purpose.
In order to
The second improvement consists in the application of a system of
feeder placed at the back of the table which carries the lithographic
stone. This arrangement which is shewn in Figures 4, 5, and 6, is
intended to supersede the operation of continually damping with a
sponge the damping rolls f, which serve to damp and moisten the
lithographic stone. For this purpose two attachments 9 of cast iron
are placed at the extremity of the table h, and a reservoir j of cylin-
'drical form is provided, which is filled with water, and at the top of
which is disposed a roller k, which is engine-turned or covered with
any suitable material and dips in the water of the reservoir j. The
reservoir is mounted on the attachments g of the table 1, and con-
sequently moves with it. In this movement the roller by rubbing
against the damping rollers f receives a rotatory motion, by which a
certain quantity of water from the reservoir is carried along and
deposited on the damping rollers f. With a view to accurately adjust
the position of the reservoir j and the roller k which surmounts it,
the bearings of this reservoir are provided at each extremity with a
screw m, by means of which the height of the reservoir may be
suitably regulated, since the roller k mects the dampers f under a

page_text: pressure which may be accurately determined by experience and the
nature of the work to be executed. In order to obviate the necessity
for the frequent renewal of the water of the reservoir j, a piece of
flannel or other similar substance n is disposed in the interior of the
reservoir, and maintained by the aid of a counterweight roller o at
the bottom thercof, the top part of such flannel being in contact with
the roller k, so that the water drawn up by capillary attraction feeds
the roller even when the level of the water has descended below the
bottom surface of the roller. In this arrangement there is also a
further advantage, as by applying wedges at suitable points so as to
press more or less the flannel on to the roller k, the degree of moisture
on the roller may be varied at different points, which is of some
importance in the work.
A modification of this arrangement is shown in Figures 18, 19,
and 20, which consists in filling the reservoir with sponge p or any
similar substance, at the bottom of which reservoir there is disposed
a tube which is provided with perforations, water being supplied to
the tube by conduits 4, which preserves the sponge or other substance
disposed in the reservoir in a wet state. It will be understood that
the operation of this damper is precisely similar to that of the apparatus
hcrein-before described, and that the contact of the sponge p saturated
with water when passing at cach revolution of the cylinder on to
the dampers is sufficient to maintain on the surface of the dampers
the requisite degree of moisture.
Figures 1 and 2 show another modification of the arrangement
herein-before described, by which the same object may be attained;
it consists simply in substituting a roller i covered with a thick wrapping
of flannel or other spongy material capable of retaining a certain
quantity of water. It will be perceived that it is simply necessary to
saturate the roller i with water from time to time in order to maintain
in a damp state the dampers f, under which it passes at every motion
of the press in communicating to them the requisite degree of moisture
to fulfil the object for which they are destined.
Another important improvement consists in the application of a
moveable plate to the interior of the carriage or table with a view to
facilitate the adjustment of the stone. This arrangement which is
represented in Figures 2, 6, 7, and 7", consists in applying to the interior
of the carriage a plate p intended to receive the lithographic stone,

page_text: and which is raised underneath by four pins or bolts which pass
through the carriage and rest at their lower ends on four levers ;
these levers are fixed in pairs on shafts s, carrying in the centre other
levers t, the ends of which are provided with tapped sockets 1, through
which a screw passes, such screw being maintained in a uniform
position by means of a guide x. By one half turn of the screw the
plate on which the lithographic stone is placed is raised about half an
inch so that sheets of paper or zinc may be readily introduced. In
order to obtain a sufficient adjustment of the stone for the pressure
required to be produced the screw is then turned a half turn in the
reverse direction, when the stone, the plate, and the adjusting appliances
will rest on the surface of the carriage and not on the four pins or bolts q,
the only object of which is to raise the stone in order to facilitate the
introduction of materials to wedge up or compensate for the inequalities
in the thickness of the stone. With a view to facilitate the setting
of the stone on the carriago the flange w which ordinarily surrounds
the carriage is dispensed with on one side, so that the stone may be
readily inserted and removed. It is necessary, however, to employ a
substitute for the flange wo at the part where it is removed, in order that
the stone may be wedged up firmly in the position it is required to
occupy; for this purpose there are attached to the lower flange abutting
picces A which carry at their top part screws B intended to adjust
the position of the stone on the plate. In order to facilitate the
movement of the abutting pieces A they are made fork-shaped at their
lower part, the fork embraces a bolt C which passes through the
lower flange of the carriage, so that when it is desired to withdraw
the stone all that is requisite is to unscrew slightly one of the
bolts C and take off the abutting piece A, when the stone may be
readily removed.
Another improvement consists in the employment of a system of
mechanical moveable register by which greater precision is obtained.
It is shewn in Figures S, 10, and 11. The points D are fixed in a
holder E placed at the extremity of a lever F, the fulcrum of which
is at G, and the opposite end of which lever moves in a cam or eccentric
groove formed in a plate I. The socket J of this plate is traversed by
the shaft of the press cylinder, and is fixed thereto by means of an
adjusting screw which enables the position of the plate I and con-
sequently the relative motion of the register and the press cylinder to
be regulated. The points will thus at given times be above and below

page_text: the surface of the press cylinder. When it is required to work a sheet
of white paper the eccentric is so disposed that the points will be in
the interior of the cylinder when the sheet is applied, so that the sheet
is first laid hold of by the grippers, rotary motion being then imparted
to the cylinder the points D are caused quickly to project by the
action of the lever F, and the eccentric H, which actuates it and
puncture the sheet; they are then withdrawn into the cylinder and
resume their normal position, and similarly the operation is repeated
for every sheet. When, however, it is desired to operate on sheets
that have already passed through the press the plate I of the eccentric
is disposed in a different position from the preceding so that the register
may be outside the cylinder at the time of fixing the sheet in order.
that it may be adjusted in the same holes (already formed by the first
operation. The points are then withdrawn into the cylinder where they
remain until the cylinder is stopped to operate on another slicet, and so
on in succession.
Another improvement consists in applying to the cylinder a lever
intended to detach the sheet from the register points and prevent its
being torn.
It has been already explained that in working second
impressions the points are outside the cylinder at the time when it is
stopped for removing the sheets; it was necessary therefore to devise a
means of gently raising the sheet at the place where the points enter.
This arrangement is shewn in Figures 9, 16, and 17, and consists of
a small flexible elastic lever L which is applied to the cylinder and
fixed thereto at one end by screws M, whilst its other end terminates
in a lead provided with openings for the points to enter. In order
to raise the lever at the requisite time, and with it the sheet which
covers it, the socket N of the grippers O which are contiguous thereto
carries a species of cam or hook P which meets the rod of the lever L
at the time when the grippers are raised higher than is required to
take in the sheets. The lever L thus describes a small arc of a circle
around the point at which it is attached and raises the paper slightly,
forcing it from off the register points. The grippers immediately regain
their normal open position, and the lever L falls again by its own
clasticity on to the cylinder, and another sheet may then be applied
similarly to the one which has been withdrawn.
Another important improvement in lithographic presses having for
its object the ensuring of precision in the registering of the sheets is

page_text: shown in Figures 1, 8, 8", 12, and 12. It consists in the use of a
moveable bar surmounted with arms or angle pieces which being
applied to the sheet of which the margin has just been fixed and before
the grippers lay hold of it straightens the corners of the sheet and
maintains it in its position until it is laid hold of by the grippers. It
frequently occurs that the edges of the paper being more or less curled
up, the grippers in coming down push back to a certain extent the
sheet which they should withdraw, and shift its position. In order to
obviate these defects there is disposed along the outside of the cylinder
a thin bar which is fixed at different points to arms R which effect
its upward and downward motion by suitable mechanism, such, for
example, as that shown in Figure 12". A species of abutment of an
eccentric form admits of the bar lowering itself until it meets the
paper and raises it again in order to detach it from the paper when
the grippers have laid hold of it. This bar is, as shown in Figure 8,
formed of several picces connected together by screws, so that any
part may be dispensed with according to the work to be performed.
It will be perceived, in fact, that it might be in the way of the workmen
when engaged in setting the sheet for the operation of registering
the margin. In order to completely straighten the edges of the sheet
the bar carries at suitable intervals small angle pieces which pass
between the points of separation of the grippers, which angle pieces
on being applied to the paper press down the edges on the cylinder
so that the grippers may lay hold of them without shifting the position
of the sheet. There is also shewn at a a roller covered with caoutchouc
or other substance which is intended to maintain the sheet evenly on
the press cylinder and prevent any ruck or fold. The roller a is for
this purpose covered with caoutchouc or any other substance, and is
maintained at the requisite height by two arms B. The whole of this
arrangement is shewn in Figures 1, 12, and 12".
Another improvement consists in the use of washers of felt and
caoutchouc or other suitable elastic material intended to render the
pressure of the cylinder more elastic, and thus prevent the breakago
of the stones. The arrangement proposed for this purpose is shown
in Figures 1, 2, and 12. In the lower part of the frame of the press
there is placed a metal box. V containing a series of caoutchouc and
felt washers X resting on a metal washer Y placed on a cross piece Z
connected by bolts W to the top of the cylinder pedestal. It will be
understood that if by reason of an irregularity in the thickness of the

page_text: stone or a defect in the setting up the pressure should exceed that
which is necessary for the impression of the sheet the clasticity of the
substances contained in the box V allows a little latitude to the cylinder,
and thus the breakage of the stone is prevented.
The last improvement relates to an arrangement designed to puncture
the register holes in the sheet automatically and mechanically. It is
shown in Figures 13, 14, and 15, and consists in causing a bar or rod
to pass above the table j such bar terminating in a rack intended
to actuate the register points. The bar is itself put in motion by any
suitable medium which connects it with the lever à, Figure 12. The
points in this position are fixed in the thickness of the table so as to
project very little therefrom. A hammer e, mounted on an axis 3, and
the head of which has holes formed in it corresponding to the register
points, is provided so as to fall at the required moment on the sheet
and thus effect automatically the puncturing necessary for the regularity
of the work. The fall of the hammer is effected in a very simple
manner by means of a spring 7, fixed at one part to the barrel 6,
which contains the spring, and at the other part to the axis 3, to
which the hammer is also secured, and which carrics at its extremity
a pinion gearing with the rack μ; the result of which is that as
cach sheet presents itself, the rack, which is only conducted by a species
of cam is released; the spring in being relaxed causes the descent
of the hammer on the points and conducts the rack back to its normal
position.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would obscrve in conclusion, that what I consider
to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,--
First. The application and use of discs mounted on a spindle or shaft
for the purpose of removing or taking off the sheets from the pressing
cylinders of lithographic presses, substantially as hercin-before described
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Second. The peculiar construction and arrangement of water reservoir,
provided internally with a sponge or other absorbent material for the
purpose of effecting the damping of the stone, substantially as licrein-
before described.

page_text: Third. The application and use of a damping feed roller, mounted
on the end of the carriage which supports the stone, substantially as
and for the purpose herein-before described.
Fourth. The application of a moveable or vertically adjustable plate
on the surface of the carriage for the purpose of regulating or adjusting
the height of the stone, as herein-before described.
Fifth. The peculiar construction, arrangement, and mode of operating
the self-acting registering apparatus, as hercin-before described.
Sixth. The application and use of the lever for detaching the sheets
from the register points, as herein-before described.
Seventh. The peculiar construction and arrangement of movcable
bar for pressing down the corners of the sheets of paper, as herein-
before described.
]
Eighth. The peculiar means for imparting a yielding or elastic
pressure to the cylinder by the employment of felt and caoutchouc, 1
as herein-before described.
Ninth. The peculiar construction and arrangement of self-acting
apparatus for perforating or puncturing the sheets, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this 2
my Specification set my hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh
day of July One thousand eight hundred and sixty-cight.