IMPROVEMENTS IN BUSHING THE BUNG HOLES OF CASES AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Green, of the Smithfield Iron Works,
Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, William Burrows, of
Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, and Reuben Turner, of Leeds, aforesaid,
Cashier, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUSHING THE BUNG
HOLES OF CASES AND OTHER VESSELS."
Scaled the 8th June 1869, and dated the 1st January 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Green, William
Burrows, and Reuben Turner at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 1st January 1869.
We, THOMAS GREEN, of the Smithfield Iron Works, Leeds, in the
County of York, Engineer, WILLIAM BURROWs, of Leeds, aforesaid,
Engineer, and REUBEN TURNER, of Leeds, aforesaid, Cashier, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUSHING
THE BUNG HOLES OF CASKS AND OTHER VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in bushing the bung
holes of casks and other vessels. For this purpose we employ a bush

page_text: composed of two tubes, one of which fits within the other; each tube
has at one end a flange formed around it; the flange of one tube is to
rest against the inside face of the stave, whilst the flange of the other
is to rest against the outside face of the stave. The outer tube is made
of a conical form and to fit within the hole which is to be bushed; it
may be of malleable cast iron or other metal sufficiently strong and
tough; the inner tube or liner is made with parallel sides and to fit
within the smaller end of the conical tube; this inner tube or liner
is made of a metel which will allow of its being expanded to fit within
the conical outer tube.
In applying the bush to the bung hole of a cask an india-rubber
washer, cement, white paint, or other suitable material is placed under
the flange of the outer tube, and this tube is then driven into the bung
hole; after this is done an india-rubber washer, cement, or other
material is similarly placed upon the flange of the inside tube or liner;
the liner is then driven into the outside tube, so that the flanges of the
outside and inside tubes are brought so tightly against the faces of the
stave that perfectly tight joints are secured. Afterwards the tube of
the liner is, by driving in a conical mandril, expanded to fit within the
conical tube of the outside bush.
SPECIFICATON in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
1
filed by the said Thomas Green, William Burrows, and Reuben
Turner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th June 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wе, THOMAS
GREEN, of the Smithfield Iron Works, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer, WILLIAM BURROWS, of Leeds, aforesaid, Engineer, and REUBEN
TURNER, of Leeds, aforesaid, Cashier, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of-January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Thomas Green, William Burrows, and
Reuben Turner, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Green,

page_text: William Burrows, and Reuben Turner, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others, as we, the said Thomas Green, William
Burrows, and Reuben Turner, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUSHING THE BUNG HOLES OF CASKS
AND OTHER VERSELS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Thomas Green, William Burrows, and Reuben Turner, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing, under our or their hands
and scals, or under the hand and scal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,.
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Green, on behalf of myself
and the said William Burrows and Reuben Turner, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in bushing the bung
holes of casks and other vessels. For this purpose we employ a bush
composed of two tubes, one of which fits within the other; each tube
has at one end a flange formed around it; the flange of one tube is to
rest against the inside face of the stave, whilst the flange of the other
is to rest against the outside face of the stave. The outer tube is made
of a conical form, and to fit within the holo which is to be bushed; it
may be of malleable cast iron or other metal sufficiently strong and
tough; the inner tube or liner is made with parallel sides and to fit
within the smaller end of the conical tube; this inner tube or liner is
made of a metal which will allow of its being expanded to fit within the
conical outer tube.
In applying the bush to the bung hole of a cask an india-rubber
washer, cement, white paint, or other suitable material is placed under
the flange of the outer tube, and this tubo is then driven into the bung.
hole; after this is done an india-rubber washer, cement, or other material

page_text: is similarly placed upon the flange of the inside tube or liner; the liner
is then driven into the outside tube, so that the flanges of the outside
and inside tubes are brought so tightly against the faces of the stave
that perfectly tight joints are secured. Afterwards the tube of the liner
is by driving in a conical mandril expanded to fit within the conical tube 5
of the outside bush.
Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawing hereunto annexed show side views,
and Figures 3 and 4 show plan views of a flanged liner and conical
outer tube suitable for bushing a cask as above described; we prefer that
the liner should be of cast brass, whilst the conical outer tube we prefer 1
to be of malleable cast iron. Figure 5 shows a sectional view of the
outer tube and liner inserted into the bung hole of a cask ready for
being expanded to be fixed therein. Figure 6 shows a similar view after
the liner has been expanded into the outer tube. In these Figures a is
the conical outer tube; b, the liner; and c, the stave in which the bung 1
hole is formed. In order to expand the liner to fit within the tube a we
by preference employ a tool, such as is shown in section at Figure 7 and
in plan at Figure 8. It consists of a screw bolt d with a head suitably
formed for bearing against the flange of the liner b, and also of a tube e
screwing on to the stem, which tube at its lower end is formed with a 2
conical wedge which is forced into the liner to expand it. f is a collar
screwing on to a screw thread cut upon the exterior of the tube e; and
g, a spring clip embracing the conical end of the tube e.
The tool is used in the following manner:-When a tube a has been
driven into the bung hole of a cask from the outside, and a liner 6 has 2
been inserted into the tube a from the inside of the cask, which can be
effected when one of the heads or ends is out, the screw bolt d is passed up
from the inside of the cask through the liner, and the tube e is screwed
on to its steam; the collar f is then screwed on to the tube e until its
end has forced the spring clip down on to the flange of the tube a of the 3
bushing, and so brought the flanges both of this tube and of the liner
into close contact with the stave of the cask. The tube e is then
screwed further on to the bolt d, so that its conical end is forced into
the liner band expands it, so that it fits closely into the tube a; the
upper edge of the liner b may then be rivetted or turned over in the
manner shown at Figure 6, by forcing the spring clip g down on to it by

page_text: means of the screw collar f. The bushing is then completed and the
apparatus is removed from it.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Green, of the Smithfield
Iron Works, Leeds, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Nineteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-nine.