Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1892-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, JOHN WESCOTT, of Wokingham, in the County of Berks., Paper Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to steam boilers and has for its chief object to provide in a
boiler occupying a given space a greater amount of heating surface than that of a
boiler as heretofore constructed occupying a corresponding space and at the same
time to render the boiler most durable, to provide a perfect circulation, to render it
easy and accessible for cleaning and repairs and to so construct it that no brick
seating or lining is required.
According to my invention I provide a suitable shell of rectangular, oval or other
suitable shape in transverse section, in the lower part of which I place one or more
cylindrical or oval flues and above the said flue or flues I place one or more series
of vertical tubes of relatively small diameter, around which the heat after having
passed through the cylindrical or oval flue or flues is caused to circulate.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a boiler having two cylindrical flues and two
series of vertical tubes one above the other :
Figure 2 is a section on the line 2 2, Figure 1; and,
Figure 3 is a section on the line 33 Figure 1:
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section illustrating a modification of my invention; and,
Figures 5 and 6 are sections on the lines 5 5 and 66 respectively of Figure 4:
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section illustrating another modification of my
invention; and,
Figures 8 and 9 are sections on the lines 88 and 9 9 respectively of Figure 7.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.
a is the shell of the boiler, b, bare the Anes at the lower part thereof in which
the grates c, c are located, and d, e are other flues of rectangular shape in cross
section, between the top and bottom plates of which the two series of vertical
tubes and g are respectively fixed.
h, are water tubes arranged across the lower flues and preferably at an angle
as shewn so that they will be exposed as much as possible to the products of
combustion as they leave the furnace and be thereby prevented from becoming
coated with soot. These tubes, as shewn, are each arranged at one side of a
diametric line in the flue so that they can be readily introduced into the inside of
the tube and secured in position without it being necessary to withdraw the said
flue as would be necessary if ordinary Galloway tubes were employed. In some
cases we find it advantageous to arrange additional horizontal or transverse tubes
in the lower flues b, bover the fire-grate, as indicated by the dotted lines h', h³,
Figure 3.
e,
The rear end of the tube communicates with the flue d, as shewn most clearly
in Figure 1, and the front end of the flue d communicates with the front end of the
flue the rear end of which is connected by any suitable means to the chimney.
It will be noticed that these flues do not extend to the outer shell of the boiler
except at the front end of the lower flues b and the rear end of the upper flue e so
that the said flues are completely surrounded by water as also are the ends of the
vertical tubes and g, whereby the joints are less liable to be damaged and become
leaky than when exposed to the direct action of the heat.

page_text: i, are holes or openings through which the flues can be inspected and cleaned,
the said openings being normally closed by suitable doors.
In the modification of my invention shewn in Figures 4, 5 and 6 the general
arrangement of the boiler is substantially the same as that hereinbefore described
except that, instead of placing the two series of tubes one above the other, the
series of tubes is divided into two portions, one of which is on one side and the
other one on the other side of the series y. In this case the products of combustion
after passing through the flue divide and pass up through the flues d containing
the tubes and thence back through the flue e containing the tubes g, as indicated
most clearly by the arrows in Figure 5.
In the modification of my invention shewn in Figures 7, 8 and 9 the boiler is
represented as provided with only one furnace tube and the two series of tubes are
arranged side by side so that the products of combustion after escaping from the
flue pass upwards and over the series of tubes and thence over the series of tubes g
to the chimney. It will be noticed that in this modification the outer shell of the
boiler is of substantially oval shape and that the furnace tube is also oval.
7
It will be obvious that in constructing my improved boilers the tubes and outer
shell will be suitably stayed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A steam boiler having arranged within a single outer shell one or more
cylindrical or oval flues containing a furnace grate or grates and one or more flues,
each of which contain a series of vertical tubes of relatively small diameter, through
which flues and around which tubes the heat after having passed through the
cylindrical or oval flue or flues is caused to circulate, all of the said flues being so
arranged that they will be surrounded by water except at the furnace mouth
and at the outlet for the products of combustion, substantially as described.
2. In a steam boiler of the kind referred to in the preceding claiming clause a
series of cross tubes such as hand in the furnace tube, substantially as
described.
3. The improvements in steam boilers herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 1 to 3, Figures 4 to 6 and Figures 7 to 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 16th day of July 1892.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.