Improvements in Fire-places, Stoves, and other Heating Apparatus, also applicable to Ventilating Apartments.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 16th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire-places, Stoves, and other Heating Apparatus,
also applicable to Ventilating Apartments.
I CHARLES WHITFIELD of Kettering in the County of Northampton, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
By enclosing the space beneath the grating of a fire-place and especially the
lower part of a stove; whether burning solid, hydrocarbon or gaseous fuel and
carrying a pipe or suitable passage from such enclosure to the upper part of the
apartment or other place to be heated so as to supply air to support combustion in
the fire-place or stove, drawn down from such upper portion of the room and by
also making a connection between the same pipe and the upper part of the stove
controlled by a damper, I am enabled to produce a combined heating and
ventilating apparatus of great efficiency and economy perfectly under control as to
draught and possessing also many other advantages over the ordinary fire place
or stove.
It will be readily apparent that this invention' affords a means of withdrawing
and consuming the foul air whilst the fresh air would remain in the apartment to be
heated; the stove also might be situated in the same or in an adjoining apartment.
In ventilating large buildings by connecting the improved air supply pipe of the
furnace both to the enclosed space and to the interior of the furnace as aforesaid
I am enabled to ventilate and regulate the temperature of the building and in
summer weather when the furnace is not used I may employ a smaller fire in
conjunction with the same air supply pipe, situated either in the same furnace or
beyond or apart from the said furnace for promoting the ventilating current. I also
construct the same description of ventilating stove on the slow-combustion principle
by employing a fire brick or other suitable division plate extending down the
interior of the stove to near the fire grate or fire bars. The front division so
formed is used to contain the fresh fuel whilst the back division forms a heating
chamber through which the products of combustion pass round the bottom edge of
the division plate to the chimney. This arrangement enables me. to fit a hinged
flap or grating to cover the back part of the fire bars at pleasure and so as by
closing the same more or less to control the supply of air entering the back chamber
from the enclosed ash pit. The ash-pit in this case is in communication as before
described with the upper part of the room requiring to be heated and ventilated.
Dated this 12th day of June 1890.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office, 55, Market Street, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire-places, Stoves, and other Heating Apparatus,
also applicable to Ventilating Apartments.
I, CHARLES WHITFIELD of Union Street, Kettering in the County of
Northampton, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in enclosing the grating of a fire-place and especially the
lower part of a stove, whether burning solid, hydro-carbon or gaseous fuel and
carrying a pipe or suitable passage from such enclosure to the upper part of the

page_text: apartment or other place to be heated, so as to supply air to support combustion in
the fire-place or stove, drawn down from the upper portion of the room.
On the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of my
improvements as applied to a stove for burning solid fuel.
in accordance with my invention I employ a hollow cast iron or other similar
base or stand which constitutes the ash-pan of the stove and serves to support
the body portion thereof. This base or stand a also serves to enclose the space
beneath the stove and is at its front end provided with a hinged door 6 to allow of
the removal of the ashes therefrom and at its rear end is furnished with a pipe c
which communicates with the upper portion of the apartment in which the stove is
situated and conveys the heated air as it is drawn down therefrom and leads it into
the said air chamber and so promotes ventilation and supports combustion in the
stove.
And to further promote combustion I employ a fire-brick or other division plate a
which extends down the interior of the stove to near the bottom thereof and so
divides the stove into two parts as illustrated.
The front division or compartment e so formed being used for containing the
fresh fuel, which may be conveniently introduced through the hinged door whilst
9
the back division or compartment forms a heating chamber or flue through which
the products of combustion pass to the chimney h.
This division plated may be formed hollow and form a water pocket in connection
with a hot water apparatus..
i, i are the fire-bars of my improved stove which may run all across the stove as
illustrated or may terminate at the division plate d and a fire-clay bottom be
affixed at the portion below the chimney opening.
It will now be seen that as the heated air from the top of the apartment is
drawn down the pipe e and enters the air space (as illustrated by the arrows in
Fig. 1) the same will find its way through the rear portion of the fire-bars i, i and
passing through them will promote ventilation in the apartment support combustion
in the stove and to a proportionate extent ensure of the smoke or other products of
combustion being consumed.
Beneath the fire-bars i, i and within the enclosed air space I arrange a hinged
flap or grating the forks of which grating are arranged so as to come opposite
and enter the air spaces in the rear portion of the fire bars above as illustrated
more clearly in plan view Fig. 2 and so fill up such spaces when it is desired to
check the passage of the air therethrough and obtain a greater heating effect.
When ventilation is the object most desired the grating is turned down and the air
spaces uncovered.
It must be observed that the forks of this improved grating fit loosely in the air
spaces to allow of the contraction and expansion of the several parts and allow of a
slight passage of air to prevent the fire-bars being burnt out.
In the case of a fire-brick bottom forming part of the grate area as hereinbefore
described I should provide a pipe or passage (shewn dotted in Fig. 1) between the
compartment and the down take pipe e which being furnished with a suitable
damper would then form the ventilating regulator of my improved stove.
y
The air pipe c is furnished with a damper to permit of the air supply being cut
off if desired.
In ventilating large buildings by connecting the improved air supply pipe of the
furnace to the enclosed space as aforesaid, I am enabled to ventilate and regulate
the temperature of the building and in summer weather when the furnace is not
used I may employ a smaller fire in conjunction with the same air supply pipe situated
either in the same furnace or beyond or apart from the same furnace or beyond or
apart from the same furnace for promoting the ventilating currents.
In this manner and by these means I afford facilities for withdrawing and con-
suming the foul air whilst the fresh air remains in the apartment to be heated and I
also produce a combined heating and ventilating apparatus of great efficiency and
economy.

page_text: Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1st. Forming an enclosed air space beneath a stove or fire-place and communicating
with the upper part of the apartment in which it is situated by means of a passage
or pipe substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
2nd. The employment of a hinged flap or grating for regulating the passage
of air through the rear portion of the fire-bars into the combustion chamber
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying
drawing
3rd. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting my improved heating
and ventilating apparatus substantially as herein before described and illustrated on
the accompanying drawing.
Dithin 10th d... £
1001
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office, 55, Market Street, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.