AN Improved StRAM 'OLIVER' SUITABLE FOR BOLT AND Smon MazinG
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Pickup, of Waterfoot, in Rossendale, in the
County of Lancaster, Screw Bolt Maker, for the Invention of "AN
Improved StRAM 'OLIVER' SUITABLE FOR BOLT AND Smon MazinG "
Sealed the 14th November 1873, and dated the 19th May 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Pickup at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th May 1873.
I, JOHN PICKUP, of Waterfoot, in Rossendale, in the County of
Lancaster, Screw Bolt Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED STEAM 'OLIVER' SUITABLE FOR BOLT AND STUD
MAKING," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in applying steam power to the working of
ordinary "olivers" such as are used for bolt and stud making. I am
aware that steam power has been applied to somewhat similar hammers
before, but I believe there has always been this marked difference,
namely, that the springs which usually constitute so important a

page_text: feature in the construction and in the blow of an oliver have been
dispensed with, thus leaving the blow precisely that of a "tilt" or
"steam hammer."
Now in my Invention I retain these springs, and simply employ the
force of steam to the ordinary oliver in place of the manual power
generally employed to work them, and I frequently couple up the steam
power to the same place on the treadle usually occupied by the man's
foot in working it. If I dispense with the treadle as I sometimes do,
I apply the steam power at the end of the lever to which the treadle
is usually coupled.
My steam apparatus consists principally of a steam cylinder with
piston and valve, and a piston rod and cross head working below.
Where I retain the treadle of the oliver I couple up the cross head
directly to it; where I do not retain the treadle I couple up the cross
head with straps to the lever with which the treadle is usually coupled.
The operative works the valve by a small treadle with his foot, and
the steam gives the force of the blow.
The object of the above Invention is to get by steam power what I
call an
"elastic blow," that is to say, a sharp sudden blow and the
hammer to bounce off the article the moment the blow has been struck,
such for instance as is required on a small scale in striking a bell; the
difference between the above blow and that given by a steam hammer
is, that when a steam hammer falls it lies upon the article until lifted
off again by steam, and although this may be done very rapidly still it
does not suit some kinds of work so well as the blow of an oliver, the
springs of which appear to lift it off so suitably.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Pickup in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 18th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN 30
PICKUP, of Waterfoot, in Rossendale, in the County of Lancaster, Screw
Bolt Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of May, in the year of

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Pickup, Her special license that
I, the said John Pickup, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Pickup, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED STEAM OLIVER'
SUITABLE FOR BOLT AND STUD MAKING," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Pickup, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Pickup, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings:-
My Invention consists in applying steam power to the working of
ordinary olivers, such as are used for bolt and stud making. I am
aware that steam power has been applied to somewhat similar hammers
before, but I believe there has always been this marked difference that
the springs which usually constitute so important a feature in the
construction and in the blow of the ordinary oliver have in such cases
been dispensed with, thus leaving the blow precisely that of a "tilt"
or steam hammer.
Now in my Invention I retain these springs and simply apply the
force of steam to the working of the oliver in place of the manual
power generally employed, aud I frequently apply the steam power at
the same place on the treddle that is usually occupied by the man's foot
when working it. This I effect by attaching the cross head of the steam
apparatus to the treddle, but where I dispense with the treddle as I

page_text: sometimes do, I couple the steam apparatus to the end of the same lever
to which the treddle is usually coupled.
The object of the above Invention is to obtain by steam power what
may be called an "elastic blow,” that is to say, a sharp sudden blow,
and the hammer to rebound from the work the moment the blow has
been struck, such a blow for instance as is required on a small scale
in striking a bell. The difference between the above blow and that of
"tilt"
or "steam hammer is that when the "tilt" or steam
hammer falls it lays upon the work until lifted off again by steam, and
although it may be done very rapidly still it does not suit some kinds
of work so well as the blow of an oliver, the springs of which appear to
lift it off so suitably.
a
33
Fig. 1 shews an end view of an "oliver" and the steam apparatus for
working it.
Fig. 2 shews a front view of the same.
Fig. 3 shews the arrangement where the treddle is retained.
A is the hammer; B are the springs usually employed to cause the
hammer to rebound from the work and also to lift up the hammer for
another blow; E is a lever coupled by the straps F, Figs. 1 & 2, with 2
the cross head H of the steam apparatus, the said cross head being
attached to a piston rod carrying a piston which works in the steam
cylinder K; steam is admitted into the said cylinder and gives force to
the blow of the "oliver," steam is also admitted to lift up the weight
of the piston and its appendages after each blow. The ingress and 2
egress of steam to and from the cylinder is regulated by a valve
attached to the rod L and actuated by a foot of the operative placed
upon the treddle M. The steam apparatus and the "oliver" are so
coupled by the leather straps F that the force of the steam is not
exerted upon the hammer during the whole of its descent, for the piston
is allowed to be at the bottom of its stroke shortly before the hammer
reaches the work, the momentum imparted to the hammer during its
descent serving to carry it on and give the blow, after which the
hammer rebounds by virtue of the springs B.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the 3
manner of carrying it into effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim

page_text: by a power
fitted with springs.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Pickup, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.