Improvements in Gas Motors.
Year: 1889

page_text: Improvements in Gas Motors.
We, PAUL NIEL, Engineer, and ALEXANDRINE JANIOT, Gentlewoman of Avenue de
Tourville No. 14 Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to motors driven by gas or other hydrocarburets and in which
the cycle is completed by two revolutions of the crank, and has for its purpose to
improve the distribution, regulation and lubrication by means of the bereafter described
arrangements and combinations.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, Sheets I and II, in which the same letters
designate the same parts.
Fig. 1 is an elevation.
Fig. 2 a horizontal section of the cylinder with appurtenances.
Fig. 3 is a cross section, and
Fig. 4 illustrates more particularly the regulator. A is the cylinder with water
jacket, B the piston connected by a rod with a crank not shewn in the drawing. On
the shaft of said crank is wedged a worm pinion which gears into a wheel with a
double number of teeth wedged on the extremity of the shaft D, and therefore revolving
once during two revolutions of the crank. The same end may however also be
attained by incans of a suitable conic gearing.
The motion of the shaft D is imparted to the core E of the conic cock, to the
eccentric F and to the cam G.
The box or seat of the conic distribution cock has a port H communicating with the
compression chamber I of the cylinder, a port J communicating with the suction
aperture for the mixture of the air supplied through the pipe K and the gas arriving
through the clack L connected with gas pipe M, and a sinall port n which communicates
with the tube O closed at the top. This tube serves for ignition and is kept incandescent
through the Bunsen burner C.
a
The conic plug or core of the distributor is provided with a port N establishing,
during suction, communication between ports H and J of the seat, a small port
(Fig. 3) placing the ports n and H in communication at the moment ignition is
to take place, a hole e which terminates in a cavity of the plug and, at the moment
of compression and explosion, establishes communication between the cylinder and
a little chamber made in the head of the conic plug for the purpose hereafter set
forth.
The head of the plug is covered in a narrowed portion of the end with a cap
formed by a cylinder in which is screwed the bottom d firmly locking the rims of
a highly flexible metal plate ii which is fixed in its centre on the head of the conic
plug by means of a screw provided with an axial port communicating with the hole c.
The screw N is so regulated as to abut on the back centre of said cap and serves
to maintain the conic plug in its box or seat without exerting any pressure.
When
the compression and ignition take place, the inner pressure is transmitted to the
free space in the bottom d of the cap and counter-acted by the flexible plate. The
cap having a slight groove play, the plug is thereby pressed into its seat thus
ensuring the closing just at the most difficult uoment for effecting it. The scrow N'
being mounted on a stay or frame adapted to pivot on one of its fastening bolts or
pins, said stay is simply undone and swung out when the distribution plug is intended
to be removed from its seat for cleaning or other purposes.
As illustrated by Fig. 3, the escape takes place through a port communicating
with the compression chamber of the cylinder and formed by a valve or clack R,
which is opened at the proper moment by the lever P actuated by cam G of
shaft D

page_text: The variation of the volume of the mixture engaged by suction depends on the width
of the port of the cock.
From the above it will be seen that the equilibrium chamber of the improved
conic cock with its metal membrane is placed and operated direct in the head of
the conic plug and that the latter is placed horizontally and connected to the shaft
driven direct by the shaft of the crank without the aid of any angular or other organ
of transmission. The arrangement heretofore described allows to provide in one conic
plug two systems of inlet ports as N, ignition ports as a and two holes as e for the
equilibrium chamber of the head of this plug, and also to provide corresponding
ports in the seat or box. Each of these systems or holes has no communication
with the holes of the other system. The second system of ports and holes is pro-
vided in front or in the rear of the first and serves to feed a second working cylinder
placed parallel to the first, provision being made that the second system of ports of
the cock form with the first the proper angle in order that the two pistons act
alternately on the same crank shaft.
The governor, Fig. 4 consists of the lever T which has its fulcrum at the extremity V
and, by means of the eccentric F and its ring U, linked to the lever about the middle
thereof, receives an oscillating up and down movement. To the free end of said lever
is coupled a tappet or angle lever, the upper arm of which abuts at each upward
movement against a set screw 9, while the other arm is fitted with a rigid metal
plate h. To the said angle piece is rigidly secured one end of a flexible steel platė r
forming a spring, the other free extremity of which is provided with a piece of metal m
striking at each oscillation above against a stop $2 and below on the head of a set
screw which deadens the vibrations. When the engine works at the speed for which
it has been regulated, the end of the plate bears on the indent or rest of the
extremity of the lever 7 supported by the rod of the gas clack L, and thereby opens the
latter just at the moment of suction. When however the speed of the engine increases
and consequently a stronger oscillation of the lever T is produced the spring plate r
has no time to return quickly enough the plate h which thereby misses the indent or
rest referred to and passes over the top of the lever without operating the clack.
Consequently the engine works without suction of gas until it resumes the normal
speed.
The air inlet pipe K (Fig. 1) and the gas feed pipe M (Fig. 2) are each provided with
a valve with outward hand and dial, thereby allowing of being opened to the most
convenient extent after some previous tests. The air and the gas admitted through
these pipes, pass, as elucidates from Figs. 2 and 3, across a multitude of little holes,
whereby their homogeneous mixture is ensured.
The lubricator shewn in Fig. 1 consists of a cup X having at the bottom a conic
seat or bore in which revolves a correspondingly shaped core or plug the rod of
which is fitted with a pinion actuated by an endless screw Z, over the grooved. head Y
of which passes an endless cord connecting it with the pulley secured on the
shaft D. In the bore two diametrically opposite grooves are provided, one of which
only is shewn in dotted lines as situated behind the core. Through these grooves, the
oil is allowed to alternately descend into a correspondingly placed groove of the core.
This groove, by the rotary movement of the plug opens successively on the extremities
of the tubes S and S₁ which pass the oil respectively into the cylinder and dis-
tribution cock. The core and rod of the lubricating device have an axial port
terminating laterally in the passage u adapted to be regulated by aid of a set screw
provided at the top of the rod. Said passage serves to admit the requisite air for
the discharge into the tubes S and S' of the oil from the groove of the core.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
In a motor driven by gas or other hydrocarburets.
1) The application of a conic cock serving for the distribution of air and gas and
ignition of the explosive mixture, and the horizontal conic core of which is actuated

page_text: direct by the crank shaft and has provided in its head an equilibrium chamber in
which the gas receives direct pressure at the moment of compression and explosion,
substantially as illustrated and described.
2) The application of a single conic cock, the core and seat of which are provided
with two systems of ports or holes serving respectively for feeding two working
cylinders substantially as set forth.
3) A governor having a lever which is caused by the engine to oscillate and open
the gas inlet clack and is provided with a steel plate by the elastic action of which
the admission of gas and consequently the speed of the engine is regulated, substantially
as illustrated and described.
4) The valves with hand and dial for regulating the extent of opening of the air-
and gas-inlet pipes, substantially as set forth.
5) The automatic lubricating device consisting of a core which, during the action
of the engine, revolves in the bottom of a cup or reservoir and supplies oil to the
engine by aid of grooves provided respectively in the core and its seat, and an
adjustable air passage, substantially as illustrated and described.
Dated this 31st day of October 1889.
P. NIEL.
A. JANIOT.
By Huelser & Co.,
Attorneys.