Improvements in or relating to Carding Engines and similar Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Apr., 1895.
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1896-Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Carding Engines and similar
Machines.
I JAMES PILLING of 27 Higher Antley Street Accrington in the County of
Lancaster Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to the feed and delivery parts of revolving flat
cards and similar mechines employed in the carding of fibrous materials.
Its object is to provide a positive driving motion to the several parts herein
mentioned as may be required.
It consists essentially in coupelling up the said feed and delivery parts to or
under the controle of a first motion sourse or takerin part of machine by the
combineation of wheels shaft or shafts worm or worms or chain.in such a manner
has to enable one or more of the said feed or delivery parts hereafter mentioned
This
to be capable of engageing or disengageing with their driveing source.
engagement or disengagement of said parts may be effected by clutches or other
device actuated by levers rods handles or other suitable arrangement.
In carrying out the invention I provide a shaft alongside of machine supported
in suitable bearing brackets which are fixed to side of machine.
This side shaft may have its motion imparted to it from the driving source or
takerin by a train of gear wheels provision being made for the changing of one or
more of said wheels for the purpose of increasing or decreasing speed of side shaft
as may be required.
The takerin shaft will be provided with a wheel fixed to same which will give
motion to a wheel mounted on a stud said stud mounted in one of affersaid bearer
brackets.
This wheel will preferably be made to follow takerin when the latter is being
adjusted to follow the wear of the cylinder wire by being mounted on the stud.
Said stud will be provided with a fixed key or other device the wheel having a
key-bed approxometly fitting this. The wheel will be held at a fixed or constant
distance from centre of takerin by a suitable bracket any movement of takerin for
purposes of adjustment will therefore effect the wheel correspondently by moveing
it along the stud.
On the other end of stud is a wheel which will give motion through one or more
wheels to side shaft. These wheels with side shaft and stud may be carried or
supported in bearer bracket.
The wheel on side-shaft may be in combination with a lutch or other device
fixed or carried to the body of said wheel.
The wheel being capable of revolving loosely on or independently of side shaft.
The side shaft may also be provided with
clutch or other suitable arrangement
said clutch or other device revolving with the shaft and having a longitudinal
movement along the body of shaft for the purpose of engageing or disengageing with
wheel working loosely ou side shaft thus causing shaft to revolve with wheel or
shaft to remain stationery has may be required.
The aforesaid movement of clutch or other device on body of shaft may be
effected with levers rods handles or other arrangement. It will be seen that by the.
above means the stopping and starting of the side shaft may be effected.
i

page_text: In another parte of its length the side shaft close to one of the aformentioned
delivery parts or doffer will preferably be made with a worm gearing with a worm
wheel on doffer shaft although the motion may be imparted or transmitted from
side shaft to doffer through a train of wheels or other arrangement.
The doffer will preferably be made capable of turning independently to its wheel
for the purpose of stripping by means of a hand wheel or other arrangement fixed
to its shaft. This may be done by disengaging a clutch or other device on doffer
shaft thus leaving shaft independent of wheel which will revolve loosely on shaft
the clutch revolving with the doffer shaft and capable of a slight movement on body
of shaft may be actuated or engaged by means of levers rods or haudles.
The clutches for doffer shaft may be made with eather saw shaped or ratchet
teeth or streight cut teeth slightly tapered at their tips to facilitate their
engagement. If made ratchet shaped the sliding clutch may be provided with a
spring or other device to keep said clutch in contact with wheel when same is in
motion but if the doffer should be turned seperate in the direction of the inclines
of the ratchet shaped teeth the spring will be compressed at every tooth causing
the doffer to be turned independently to the wheel or the side-shaft.
In another parte of its length and near the extremity of the side-shaft will be
mounted a bevil-wheel said wheel gearing into another bevil wheel on a shaft at
right angles to it which may drive or be in connection with callendar or delivery
rollers and coiler parte of machine. The callendar or delivery rollers may receive
their motion from a wheel at or near the middle of the shaft through the mediam
of a carrier. wheel. The other extremity of this shaft may be provided with
another. bevil wheel driving coiler which may also be driven through one or more
wheels from this shaft.
This shaft will preferably be made so that the side shaft will revolve with or
independently to it. This may be effected by employing a clutch has previously
described or by disengageing one of the bevil wheels by means of levers, handles
or other device. The handles to be provided with springs or other locking
arrangement for keeping clutch or wheels firmly in or out of gear.
The side shaft
may also be provided with a worm or other device at its extremity or feed portion
of machine for the purpose of driving aforesaid feed parts or these parts, may be
driven from doffer shaft by another shaft and bevil gear wheels. The feed parts
will however preferably be driven by a worm and train of wheels or other device
from said side-shaft on one of these wheels is mounted a chain wheel driving with a
chain another chain wheel on the lap roller or the lap roller may be driven through
wheelwork. Provision is made for the changing of one or more wheels in the train
for the purpose of increasing or decreasing the speed of said feed parts.
These wheels may be fixed or supported on a bracket fixed to feed plate or to
the side of carde. Provision will also be made for the feed parts to be engaged or
disengaged with the side-shaft by means of clutches or other arrangements actuated
by levers rods, handles, or other device.
For the convenient working of this arrangement it will be necessary to controle
or operate the clutches commanding the feed and delivery parts from the front part
of mechine to effect this provide a rod supported in suitable brackets extending
from front to back of mechine where it is in connection with a forked shaped
bracket operating on clutch it will be seen that by a swivel movement of rod the
clutch will be effected correspondently engaging or disengaging with wheel. The
same rod shall also effect the side-shaft clutch independentaly of the feed clutch
but only by a different movement in this case a longitudinal movement and so
operating on the clutch on side-shaft through the mediam of its fork or attachment
while the fork on feed clutch will allow the longitudinal movement of rod through
its hole without its being effected by the rod. It will be seen that the two afforsaid
clutches may be operated seperate and independent of each other. by different
movements of one rod.. The handles which may be attached or coupled to the rod
at the front of machine for giving, these, different motions to rod may be provided.
with springs stops or other locking device keeping the clutches in or out of gear,

page_text: has may be required so that they may not be effected by any slight pressure or
vibration. The handle for giving, the longitudinal movement' to. the rod shall
allow the swivel movement of same owing to its being attached to a fork which
fork is placed between two collars on rod. The handles for giveing the swivel
movement to rod shall allow the longitudinal movement of same through' being
mounted in a bracket the said rod passing, through a hole in the handle. The
handle or other device, for disengaging doffer from. wheel' when clutches are
provided with streight cut teeth may be provided with a projecting piece a projecting
piece may also be provided on the rod so that when the same receives its swivel
movement to start the feed portion of machine it may act on handle and engage
doffer clutch: with wheel. 'if' the latter has been left out of gear or if the doffer is
disengaged the feed parts will also be disengaged or the feed parts may be disengaged
while the doffer revolves owing to the projection on rod leaving handle and so
leaving doffer clutch, in gear.
For the purpose of slow grindeing the side-shaft may be provided 'with' a pulley
for a rope strap or other arrangement receiving its motion from a small driveing
pulley fixed to main driveing pulley which works loosely on cylinder shaft or the
motion may be transmitted to side-shaft through' wheelwork.
The side-shaft may be disconnected from all partes except the doffer by means
previously described the driveing pulley working loosely on the cylinder'shaft'the
cylinder is driven from the doffer by means of a pulley and strap.
It will be obvious that the feed and delivery parts herein mentioned when.
machine is working.receives a positive or direct motion in. the manner described
and that the feed and delivery, parts herein. mentioned are also capable of being
engaged or disengaged in the manner described and by means has are herein set
forth:
D
•
-11 CA: 1905
:
JAMES PILLING.
Improvements in or relating to Carding Engines and similar
Machines.
I, JAMES PILLING, of 12 Richmond Terrace, Accrington, in the County of
Lancaster, formerly of 27 Higher Antley Street, Accrington; aforesaid, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the feed and delivery parts of carding engines employe
in the carding of cotton and other fibres and is designed to provide a positive
driving motion for these several parts derived from one source of motion applied to
the "taker in" roller.
It consists essentially in the combination with the several feed and delivery
parts of a single shaft placed at one side of the card aud coupled up to each part.
by suitable gearing clutches and the like to give the desired motion and at the
same time allow of either of them being disconnected or thrown out of gear as may
be required.
It will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
sufficient of a carding engine is shown to illustrate the invention:
Fig. 1. Side elevation.
Fig. 2. Plan.

page_text: machine and supported at intervals upon suitable brackets or. bearings. This
shaft B is driven or receives notion through suitable gearing, from the shaft C of
the "taker in "roller and then transmits the desired motion to all the other feed
parts and to all the delivery parts of the carding engine thus ensuring a positive
driving motion to each part and that the relative speeds of these different parts
shall remain constant.
To connect the side shaft B with the "taker in " shaft C I key on the end of the
shaft C a bevel wheel c which rotates therewith and on the shaft BI place two
spur wheels b of different diameters loose on the shaft and both provided with
clutch teeth on one side and between them I place a clutch 6' keyed to the shaft
but free to slide longitudinally thereon the relative positions of the two wheels b
and the clutch b' being such that the clutch may stand out of gear with both or be
brought into gear with either so that motion is conveyed to the shaft B through
one of the wheels b and the clutch : Connection is then established between the
wheel c and the wheels b by a bevel wheel c' keyed to one end of a rotating stud a
change wheel 6 keyed to the other end thereof and a pair of carrier wheels " of
different diameters. The speed of the side shaft B may be varied or stopped at
pleasure by throwing the clutch into gear with one or other of the wheels b or
withdrawing it from both.
The rotating stud is carried in a bearing d at the upper end of a bracket D
bolted to the side frame A. The bevel wheel c¹ is capable of sliding to and fro on
the stud to allow for the adjustment of the taker in roller and is held in gear with
the wheel c by a forked bracket cl affixed to the taker in pedestal by which it is
moved along the stud when the pedestal is moved for adjustment. The carrier
wheels are supported by a bearing bracket d' which has a radial movement
round the shaft B which retains the wheels " in gear with the wheels b while
allowing them to be moved to and from the centre of the change wheel ¿¹ to
allow of a larger or smaller wheel being employed.
The doffer cylinder is driven direct from the side shaft B by a worm e thereon
working into a worm wheel e on the doffer shaft E. To allow of the doffer being
rotated when required independently of the side shaft for "stripping" or other
purposes the worm wheel e' is loose on the shaft E and is provided with clutch
teeth engaging with a clutch ell keyed to shaft and capable of being moved to and
fro thereon. A hand wheel E¹ is also keyed to the shaft E by which it can be
turned. In normal position the clutch el is held in gear with the teeth on the face
of the worm wheel el by a spring but when turned by the hand wheel E¹ the
clutch e" is pushed back out of gear therewith. The worm e may rotate in a
box or cover containing oil or other lubricant.
The calender or delivery rollers are driven direct from the side shaft B by a
bevel wheel gearing with a bevel wheel on the end of the calender shaft F.
To permit of the calender rollers being thrown out of gear the bevel wheel fis
provided with a long sleeve or boss and is provided with a key or feather upon
which it may slide to and fro on the shaft B. The sleeve of the bevel wheel f
passes through the end supporting bracket F' and is provided with a groove with
which a set screw g in the handle or lever G engages. The front part of the hand
lever G is provided with a notched slot g' which engages with a set screw or pin gl
in the end of the bracket F'. By moving the hand lever G to and fro the bevel
wheel is moved along the shaft and thrown into or out of gear with the bevel
wheel. Instead of the sliding bevel wheel fa clutch may be employed.
The coiler is driven by a bevel or other wheel on the other end of the shaft F.
The feed roller and the lap roller are driven from the shaft B by a worm H
thereon working into a worm wheel connected by a suitable train of wheels with
a wheel k on the feed roller shaft K and by a chain or other train of wheels with
a pinion e on the lap roller shaft L. The worm wheel works loose on a stud
and is provided on its inner face with clutch teeth which engage with a clutch '
keyed to the stud and capable of being moved into and out of gear with the teeth
on the face of the worm wheel on the other end of the stud is a pinion " which

page_text: gears with a carrier pinion on the same centre there being another carrier
pinion which in turn gears with the pinion on the end of the feed shaft K.
The feed roller is thrown into and out of gear by the movement of the clutch /.
The sprocket wheel is driven by the same train of wheels and motion is
conveyed to the wheel on the lap roller shaft by a driving chain l. I at present
prefer the chain / but instead of it a train of wheels may be inserted to drive: the
"lap roller."
Instead of driving the feed and lap roller shafts K and L direct from the side
shaft B they may be driven from the doffer shaft at the other side of the machine
by the ordinary side shaft in the usual way but I prefer to drive all the. parts of
the machine from the side shaft B.
The side shaft. B.may also be utilized to give a slow motion to the doffer cylinder
for grinding purposes, for this purpose it is also provided with a small rope
pulley m and a corresponding rope pulley m¹ is placed on the cylinder shaft M
and a detachable bracket M carrying two guide pulleys m is attached to the
framing. A rope m from the pulley m' onto the pulley m drives the shaft slowly
when required.
The two clutches and may be thrown into and out of gear with their
respective wheels by the movement of a rod N to which can be imparted either an
angular or rectilinear movement. For this purpose two handles or levers P and R
are attached to the rod N at the delivery end of the machine. The handle P is
provided with a sleeve p sliding on a key in the rod and passing through the
bracket n in which it is held by a set screw pl which enters a groove formed round
the sleeve p. Thus the rod can move through the sleeve p of the hand lever P-but
a radial movement of the hand lever P causes a rotation of the rod N this
movement of the rod moves the clutch into and out of gear being connected with
it by a forked lever n¹. The hand lever R is pivoted to the frame A and is
connected to the rod N by a sleeve S round one end of which' a groove is cut to
receive the end of a screw or pin. A collar r surrounds the sleeve S and is
connected to the hand lever R by a link so that the movement of the lever
about its centre moves the rod N longitudinally. The longitudinal movement of
the rod throws the clutch & into and out of gear being connected thereto by a
forked or other suitable lever n".
The sleeve S is provided with inclined sides s against which a spring pin or bolt s¹
presses to hold the rod N in any position in which it is placed. On the other end
the rod N is placed a handle T which may also be used for actunting it in either
direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In a carding engine the combination with the taker in shaft and doffer shaft of
a side shaft connected thereto by suitable gearing whereby the doffer cylinder is
driven direct from the taker in roller without the intervention of belts or straps
substantially as described.
2. In a carding engine the combination with the taker in shaft and a side shaft
for driving the delivery parts of the machine of two speed gearing comprising two,
clutch wheels of different diameters and double carrier wheels operated by bevel
wheels and change wheel from the shaft of the taker in roller whereby the
speed of the side shaft may be varied or by which it may be stopped substantially
as described and shown.
3. In a carding engine the combination with the taker in shaft, the doffer shaft,
the calender shaft and the. feed and lap roller shafts of a side shaft running
the length of the machine and suitable gearing by which it is connected to the
several shafts whereby all the delivery parts and all the feed parts are driven
direct from the taker in roller without the intervention of straps or belts
substantially as described.

page_text: 4. In a carding engine the combination with the side shaft B driven by
-gearing from the taker in shaft of the bevel wheel gearing with the bevel
wheel for driving the calenders or delivery rollers provided with a long
sleeve sliding upon a key affixed to the shaft, and the hand lever G by which
it is moved into and out of gear with the wheel f' substantially as described
: and shown.
5. In a carding engine the combination with the side shaft B connected by
gearing with the taker in and feed rollers of the rod N capable of longitudinal
and rotary movement to throw the clutches b¹ and ¹ into and out of gear, and
the hand levers P and R by which the rod is actuated substantially as described
.and shown..
6. In a carding engine the combination with the side shaft B gearing with
the doffer shaft of the rope pulley m thereon, the rope pulley m' on the cylinder
shaft M the guide pulleys ml and the rope m¹ whereby a slow motion for
grinding purposes is transmitted to the doffer cylinder substantially as described
and shown.
7. In a carding engine the combination with the rod N which controls the
clutches on the side shaft B of the sleeve S provided with inclined sides s and
the spring catch or bolt s which presses against these inclines to hold the rod
in the desired position substantially as described.
8. A carding engine having the several parts herein before mentioned constructed
and arranged in combination substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 20th day of December 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.