IMPROVEMENTS IN ICE MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ICE MACHINES.”
A communication from abroad by Oscar Kropff, of Nordhausen, in the German
Empire
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1881.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS
IN ICE MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Oscar Kropff, of Nordhausen,
in the German Empire.
This Invention relates to ice machines applicable on board ships and for domestic
purposes.
In the ordinary ice machines of this kind, which consist of an ammonia evaporator
provided with a valve chest, and of one or more refrigerators which may be ico
producers as well as condensers, I make the following improvement :-Between the
ammonia ovaporator (boiler) and the refrigerator I place a separate condenser with
receivers for condensing the ammonia gas generated in one or more boilers, and for
collecting the product of condensation in the receiver. From there the liquid
ammonia passes to an ice generator or refrigerator in order to produce cold by
evaporation. Subsequently the gases return to the boiler.
I prefer to use two ammonia-boilers, each communicating at the top with the
condenser, and at the bottom with the refrigerator; the condenser is placed over
the refrigerator and between the two boilers.
The condenser consists of a coiled pipe immersed in a cold water tank receiving
the ammonia vapours at the top, and ending at the bottom in a vessel or collector
placed inside the tank, said collector communicating with the refrigerator by a pipe
provided with a stop cock.

page_text: If two ammonia-boilers are used arranged as indicated, the apparatus operates as
follows:-
The first boiler is heated, and the evaporated ammonia led to the condenser, to
be condensed and collected until the receiver is full. The first boiler is then cooled
while the liquid ammonia from the collector is admitted to the refrigerator, where
it evaporates, and from which it is led back to the first boiler. During this time.
the second ammonia boiler has been heated, and the generated gases conducted to
the condenser, in whose receiver the condensed ammonia accumulates.
When the ammoniacal liquid in the first boiler has recovered its normal strength,
the second boiler is cooled, and the gases from the refrigerator conducted to the
second boiler for absorption.
During this time the first boiler is again heated, and so on alternately.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th September 1881.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ICE MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Oscar Kropff, of Nordhausen,
in the German Empire.
This Invention relates to ice machines applicable on board ships and for domestic
purposes. In the ordinary ice machines of this kind, which consist of an ammonia
evaporator provided with a valve chest, and of one or more refrigerators which may
be ice producers as well as condensers, I make the following improvement :-
Between the ammonia evaporator (boiler) and the refrigerator I place a separate
condenser which receives for condensing the ammonia gas generated in one or more
boilers, and for collecting the product of condensation in the receivers. From there
the liquid ammonia passes to an ice generator or refrigerator, in order to produce
cold by evaporation. Subsequently the gases return to the boiler. I prefer to use
two ammonia boilers, each communicating at the top with the condenser and at
the bottom with the refrigerator; the condenser is placed over the refrigerator and
between the two boilers. The condenser consists of a coiled pipe immersed in a
cold water tank, receiving the ammonia vapours at the top, and ending at the
bottom in a vessel or collector placed inside the tank, said collector communicating
with the refrigerator by a pipe provided with a stop cock.
If two ammonia boilers are used, arranged as indicated, the apparatus operates
as follows:-The first boiler is heated, and the evaporated ammonia led to the
condenser, to be condensed and collected until the receiver is full. The first boiler
is then cooled while the liquid ammonia from the collector is admitted to the
refrigerator, where it evaporates, and from which it is led back to the first boiler.
During this time the second ammonia boiler has been heated, and the generated
gases conducted to the condenser, in whose receiver the condensed ammonia
accumulates.
When the ammoniacal liquid in the first boiler has recovered its normal strength,
the second boiler is cooled, and the gases from the refrigerator conducted to the
second boiler for absorption.
During this time the first boiler is again heated, and so on alternately.
The accompanying Drawing will serve to illustrate a practical mode of per-
forming the Invention. A and E are two ammonia boilers, each communicating at
the top with a condenser B, and at the bottom with a refrigerator D; the
condenser B is placed over the refrigerator D, and between the two boilers A and E.
The condenser B consists of a coiled pipe immersed in a cold water tank, receiving
the ammonia vapours at the top, and ending at the bottom in a vessel or collector Č
placed inside the tank, said collector communicating with the refrigerator D by a
pipe provided with a stop cock. If two ammonia boilers are used, arranged as
indicated, the apparatus operates as follows:-
The first boiler A is heated, and the evaporated ammonia led to the condenser B
to be condensed and collected until the receiver C is full. The first boiler is then
cooled while the liquid ammonia from the collector C is admitted to the refri-
gerator D, where it evaporates, and from which it is led back to the first boiler A.
During this time the second ammonia boiler E has been heated, and the generated
gases conducted to the condenser B, in whose receiver C the condensed ammonia
accumulates. When the ammoniacal liquid in the first boiler A has recovered its

page_text: CLAIMS.
1. Use of two or more boilers with ammonia, condensing the gases formed
alternately in one common condenser, evaporating the gases in a common refri-
gerator, and absorbing them again, substantially as described.
2. Use of two or more boilers containing ammonia, condensing their gases in
special condensers, but evaporating them in one common refrigerator, consisting of
a chest with a system of coiled pipes, and finally absorbing the gases again,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of September, A.D. 1881.
TT T HADDAN
(ra)