IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING WATER AND DELIVERING IT AT AN EQUAL TEMPERATURE TO ANY NUMBER OF FLOW PIPES, AND ALSO FOR THE GENERATION OF STEAM
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jasper Hulley, of Macclesfield, in the County of
Chester, Plumber, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR
HEATING WATER AND DELIVERING IT AT AN EQUAL TEMPERATURE TO ANY
NUMBER OF FLOW PIPES, AND ALSO FOR THE GENERATION OF STEAM"
Sealed the 18th August 1865, and dated the 22nd February 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jasper Hulley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
February 1865.
I, JASPER HULLEY, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Plumber,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOILERS FOR HEATING WATER AND DELIVERING IT AT AN EQUAL TEMPERATURE TO
ANY NUMBER OF FLOW PIPES, AND ALSO FOR THE GENERATION OF STEAM," to be as
follows:-
One arrangement of my improved boilers consists in forming and casting
the boiler in separate parts with horizontal flues opening into each other, and
connecting the parts together by means of bends or syphon pipes placed and
caulked with iron cement in sockets cast upon the separate parts of the boiler.
On the top of the boiler fix a pipe, 'having at the top a hollow dome, on
which I cast as many branches as may be required for flow pipes. and fix on
the top of the dome an air or expansion pipe which takes away the air from
the water when being heated, and to this expansion pipe is attached a safety
valve for the prevention of explosions. By the use of this dome the hot
water in ascending into it is caused to be of an equal temperature in all the
blow pipes, and also gives equal motion to the water in them.
I also use
Price 8d 1

page_text: hollow cast-iron fire-bars which are filled with water when the boiler is in
action, so. that the bottom of the fire on the bars forms part of the heating
power of the boiler, and the return pipes for the circulation of the heated
water are fixed in the outside of the square frame which holds the hollow fire-
bars, and when no hollow fire-bars are used I connect the return pipes to the
bottom of the boiler.
I form the bottom part of the horizontal flues that run through the boiler
of a curved shape with an elevation in the middle, so that no soot or other
sediment is left in the centre on the bottom of the said flues, thereby pre-
serving the bottom heating surface, and the continuous internal flue which the
boiler forms when the separate parts are joined together gives a powerful
heating surface in the horizontal flues and at each bend of the flue. At the
outlet of the flues I conduct the draught on to the top of the boiler and cover
the top of the boiler with fire-clay lumps or brick and conduct the draught
down each side of the boiler; and I also build the boiler round with brickwork
and leave a sufficient space for the draught on the top and sides of the boiler,
and then conduct the two draughts to the chimney; and in the formation of
the boiler I cast peep or soot holes for clearing the flues, and as the boiler is
formed in separate parts I can either increase or diminish the power of the
boiler by using a greater or lesser number of the parts. The aforesaid
arrangement of boiler can also be constructed of wrought iron, copper, or
other metal, and when steam has to be generated for heating purposes or
working steam engines I construct the boilers of wrought iron, copper, or
any other suitable metal, and form the internal flues as before mentioned
provided with peep and soot holes, and instead of forming the boiler of a
number of separate parts 1. construct it as one shell of any desired shape,
with my improved flues in the interior, braced to the outer shell, the last part
of the flue delivering at the end of the boiler.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed.
by the said Jasper Ilulley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
August 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JASPER
HULLEY, of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Plumber, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her

page_text: °
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jasper Hulley, Her special license that I, the said Jasper Hulley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Jasper Hulley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
FOR HEATING WATER AND DELIVERING IT AT AN EQUAL TEMPERATURE TO ANY NUMBER
OF FLOW PIPES, AND ALSO FOR THE GENERATION OF STEAM," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Jasper Hulley, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jasper Hulley, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say:
This Invention consists in certain improvements in the arrangement and
construction of boilers for heating water and generating steam, which improve-
ments will be clearly understood by the following particular description thereof.
reference being had to the figures and letters on the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation, Fig. 2 a longitudinal
section, Fig. 3 a transverse elevation, Fig. 4 a transverse section, and Fig. 5
a plan of one of my improved boilers for heating water and delivering it at
an equal temperature to any number of flow pipes. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10; 11,
12, 13, and 14 are detached views and sections of parts of the same, and
Figs. 15 and 16 are views of another arrangement of my improved hot water
boilers.
The boiler shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 is formed or cast in separate
hollow chambers or paris a, b, c, d, with horizontal flues e, and vertical flues f,
opening into each other, and the several parts are connected together by
means of bends or curved pipes g, placed and caulked with iron cement in
sockets cast upon the said separate parts of the boiler. On the top d of the
boiler I fix a pipe h, having at the top a hollow dome i, shewn detached in
Fig. 10, on which dome is cast as many branches, i, as may be required for
flow pipes, and on the top of the dome is fixed an air or expansion pipe k,

page_text: Fig. 10, which takes away the air from the water when being heated, there
being a safety valve attached to this expansion pipe for the prevention of
explosions, and as this valve is in connection with the pipe on the top of the
dome, forming an adjunct to the boiler, it can never be frozen or out of order,
and by the use of this dome the hot water in ascending into it is caused to
be of an equal temperature in all the flow pipes, and also gives equal motion
to the water in them. The part a is shewn detached in Figs. 11 and 12; it
consists of a hollow rectangular frame called a circulating frame, to which I
cast hollow fire-bars m, which are filled with water when the boiler is in
action, so that the bottom of the fire on the bars forms part of the heating
power of the boiler, and the return pipes for the circulation of the heated
water are fixed in sockets n, cast on the outside of the circulating frame
which holds the hollow fire-bars, and when no hollow fire-bars are used I
connect the return pipes to the bottom or sides of the boiler in sockets cast
upon the same. When I connect the return pipes to the circulating frame of
the hollow bars, or to the boiler with wrought-iron tubing, I dispense with
the cast-iron sockets and drill and tap the holes of any size I may require. I
cast the hollow fire-bars and rectangular circulating frame in one casting, open
at one or both ends, and having in it or them a recessed flange or flanges,
and close the open end or ends by fixing on it or them a plate or plates by
means of screws bedding it or them at the same time in iron cement. The
aforesaid plate or plates can at any time be removed to examine the interior
of the hollow bars without taking the boiler to pieces, and should the bars be
stopped up the water will pass through the circulating frame to the curved
pipes which connect the said frame with the next part of the boiler, and as
the bars and frame are cast in one piece there are no cement joints to burn
out by the action of the fire. The next part b of the boiler is shewn detached
in Figs. 8 and 9; it is hollow at the sides, top, and back, and is made of
suflicient height to form in connection with the fire-bars the furnace for contain-
ing the fuel, the flue passing vertically to the horizontal inner flue. The next
part c is shewn detached in Figs. 6, 7, and 14, and although one only is
used in the boiler shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, any number may be em
ployed one above the other according to the amount of heating required, and
finally surmounted by the top part d, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 13. 1 connect
all the separate parts of the boiler together with bends or curved pipes at
opposite ends, which arrangement causes the water to flow equally through
the said parts and gives motion to all the water in the boiler. 1 form the
bottom part of the horizontal flues that run through the boiler of a curved
shape with an elevation in the middle as at o, Figs. 4, 7, and 14, or form it

page_text: of any other suitable shape so that no soot or other sediment is left in the
centre on the bottom of the said flues, thereby preserving the bottom heating
surface, and the continuous internal flue which the boiler forms when the
separate parts are joined together gives a powerful heating surface in the
horizontal flues and at each bend of the flue, and as the water in the boiler
and the heat from the fire are circulating in opposite directions through most
parts of the boiler when in action, there is a great amount of heating power
arising from the continual meeting of the heat and the water. At one end of
the parts forming the flues I cast recesses p. Fig. 7, which when the parts are
put together form soot holes p, Figs. 2 and 3, for enabling the flues to be
cleaned with a brush, and as the boiler is formed in separate parts I can either
increase or diminish the power of the boiler by using a greater or less number
of parts, and in some cases I cast to the top part d a hollow back and sides
of sufficient depth to form a boiler as shewn in Figs. 15 and 16, which boiler
is used with the hollow fire-bars and circulating frame shewn in Figs. 11 and
12, the said frame being connected to the boiler by bent or curved pipes
jointed to sockets cast on the back of the boiler and frame. At the outlet of
the flues I conduct the draught on to the top of the boiler and cover the top
of the boiler with fire-clay lumps or brick, and conduct the draught down
each side of the boiler or around it; and I also build the boiler round with
brickwork and leave a sufficient space for the draught on the top, sides, and
back of the boiler, and then conduct the draught to the chimney.
Boilers arranged and constructed according to the foregoing improvements
can be made of any dimensions for producing any required amount of heating
power with a comparatively small amount of fuel, thereby enabling them to
be particularly adapted for heating churches, chapels, mansions, horticultural
buildings, schools, offices, warehouses, drying rooms, and buildings in general.
The aforesaid arrangement of boiler can also be constructed of wrought iron,
copper, or other suitable metal, and when steam has to be generated for
heating purposes or working steam engines J construct the boilers of wrought
iron, copper, or any other suitable metal, and form the internal flues as before
mentioned provided with peep and soot holes, and instead of forming the
boiler of a number of separate parts I construct it as one shell of any desired
shape with my improved flues in the interior braced to the outer shell, the last
part of the flue delivering at the end, top, side, or back of the boiler, or I
place the flues side by side instead of over each other.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim,
"

page_text: First, the system of making and casting the boiler in separate parts with
soot holes and sockets, the soot holes for the easy access to the inner flues,
and the sockets for connecting the parts of the boiler together by means of
bent or curved pipes.
Secondly, the hollow dome of any desired shape on the top of the boiler with
branches for any number of flow pipes for facilitating the equal circulation of
the water, and also the application of a similar dome to any other shape of hot-
water boilers.
Thirdly, the system of making the hollow fire-bars with the circulating
frame in one casting open at one or both ends with a recessed flange or flanges
cast in the same, and the plate or plates screwed to it or them for the purpose
of examining the interiors of the hollow bars when required, and also the
application of these bars and circulating frame with the loose plate or plates to
any other shape of boiler.
Fourthly, the particular shape as at o, Figs. 4 and 14, of the bottom part of
the horizontal flues that run through the boiler.
Fifthly, the continuous internal flue of this or any other shape which the
boiler forms when the separate parts are joined together for producing great
heating surface, and also the powerful heating surface at each bend of the
internal flue.
Sixthly, the recesses for forming soot holes.
Seventhly, the boiler shewn in Figs. 15 and 16 in connection with the
hollow bars and circulating frame.
And, eighthly, the arrangement of the boiler for generating steam, as all such
improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jasper Hulley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Jasper Hulley, in
the presence of
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.
DUK
RAYA