Iм- PROVED APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES APPLICABLE FOR HEATING, COOKING, AND PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Henry Phillips, of the Firm of Phillips
and Son, The Eagle Works, 25 and 26, Barbican, in the City of
London, Hot Water and Gas Engineer, for the Invention of “Iм-
PROVED APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES APPLICABLE FOR HEATING, COOKING, AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Henry Phillips
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th June 1872.
I, THOMAS HENRY PHILLIPS, of the Firm of Phillips and Son,
The Eagle Works, 25 and 26, Barbican, in the City of London,
Hot Water and Gas Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES APPLICABLE FOR
HEATING, COOKING, AND LIGHTING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to apparatus or appliances by which gas flames
are spread and maintained for heating baths, saucepans, and other
vessels for cooking purposes, and also for lighting or warming purposes
generally.

page_text: For a simple arrangement, I take, say, an ordinary bats-wing,
fish-tail, or other gas jet or burner, and fit it in or to one end of a
tube so as to leave a space all round the same, through which
atmospheric air can enter, the other end of the tube being provided with
a plate or spreader of such a shape that the air and gas (mingled) passing
up the tube shall issue in fine streams in a circular or other direction as
desired. The height or the length of the air tube, which may be of
conical or other shape, is determined by the size of the burner and the
quantity of gas to be consumed to obtain a given heat. In most cases
the tube and also the spreader plate are removable, so that the jet can
be used for lighting purposes, the frame in which it can be arranged
being capable of standing or hanging in any position. The flame is
ignited at the spreader plate portion of the apparatus and forms a perfect
ring of great heating power by the softness with which the combined air
and gas issue.
The spreader plate may be serrated or divided into channels, and it
may rest upon the tube by studs or projections arranged to go inside or
outside of the tube as desired.
I propose to curve or shape the body of the tube to ensure the drawing
in of the required quantity of air by the pressure or in-rush of gas, and
also for preventing the flame descending and impairing the efficiency of
the apparatus, also for preventing the formation of smoke.
The apparatus, if used for heating baths, pipes, cisterns, and other
similar vessels, can be arranged to swivel in and out of an aperture, say,
in an oval or other shaped box at one end, which box may be so
constructed that only a thin film of water is acted upon by the flame, a
constant circulation being kept up by openings leading into and from
the bath or pipes for quickly heating the water therein.
The apparatus can be arranged in or under a frame upon which a
frying pan, kettle, or other utensil, can be placed, or a series of them
can be arranged in a casing for cooking (roasting) joints or for baking
purposes.
Wire or other gauze discs can be employed in the cone or other tube
if desired

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Henry Phillips in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th December 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Thomas
HENRY PHILLIPS, of the Firm of Phillips and Son, The Eagle Works,
25 and 26, Barbican, in the City of London, Hot Water and Gas
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Thomas Henry Phillips, Her special licence
that I, the said Thomas Henry Phillips, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Henry Phillips, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES APPLICABLE FOR HEATING, COOKING, AND LIGHTING
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas
Henry Phillips, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Henry Phillips, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :—
This Invention relates to apparatus or appliances by which gas flames
are spread and maintained for heating baths, saucepans, and other
vessels for cooking purposes, and also for lighting or warming purposes

page_text: The nature of my Invention and manner of carrying the same into
effect will be understood by reference to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, and the following description thereof:-Figures 1 and 2 show
in elevation and in section a tube or barrel of double conical shape. The
lower part of the tube a is fitted in Figure 2 over an ordinary gas
burner and resting upon the chimney gallery. The lower part of the
tube gradually narrows to the centre b so as to contract the opening and
to permit of a suction of air up through the same by the pressure of the
gas towards the top. By this means the air and the gas become
upper
completely mingled as one body to be consumed at the edge of the
part c of the tube in a steady blue flame, the air being in proportion for
the proper and perfect consumption without smell, smoke, or vapour.
Above the tube outlet is a plate d with divergent rays or projections, as
shown more particularly in the plan of the under side of the plate in
Figure 3, to compel the combined air and gas to spread outwards and
form a ring of flame, giving off an intense heat suitable for cooking by
frying, or the boiling of liquids in vessels placed over or upon it. e, e, e,
are three studs which take into the hollow of the tube and hold the
plate in position. By the removal of the top spreader or plate a vertical
flame of intense heat is obtained.
There are many shapes in which the tube can be made, and in lieu of
permitting the air to enter at the bottom it may enter at the sides
through apertures or perforations.
In the foregoing Figures I have shown what I consider to be the
simplest and cheapest form of apparatus for ordinary use upon a small
scale, particularly for situations where kettles, saucepans, panakins, or
the like can be suspended from above so that the gas burner tube has
little or no weight to carry, but where this is not available I propose a
form of stand, as represented in Figure 4, upon the lower plate fof
which the burner is permanently fitted. I fit a stem or upright g in a hole
in this plate, and the upper part of the stem carries a plate upon which,
say, a kettle can be placed to be heated by the flame of combined air and
gas which issues from the top rim c of the tube as shown. This stem and
its plate are removable, as also the tube, so that the burner can be used
for lighting purposes either as a vertical flame or as a horizontal flame
should the bottom plate be hung against a wall, thus by dislodging the
heating appliances by hand, the burner which may have the bats-wing,
fish-tail, or other ordinary nipple upon it, can be used for lighting

page_text: purposes if desired in the usual manner, and the appliances can be
rearranged for heating purposes with very little labour.
For the heating of book finishers' and leather embossers' tools, I serrate
the upper face of the top plate, as shewn in Figure 5, in which serrations
or hollows the tool ends can rest and become heated without becoming
smeared with smoke as they usually are with the present method of
heating them, a circumstance of importance in large factories, it being
usual for the tool face to be rubbed upon a leather pad to be cleaned and
polished for each impression, whereby the edges are rubbed down and
reduced in sharpness in a very short time.
Figure 6 represents in elevation a square shaped box h into the side of
which a pipe is led for conveying the combined air and gas from a
distance, the two as one body being consumed as before explained, at
the edges of the top plate which is placed upon the box, the top plate
having divergent ribs, as in Figure 7, for splitting the stream up into
divisions so that a flame of the same intenseness of heat is maintained
from all four sides of the box.
Figure 8 shows a dish box i with a division plate j arranged vertically
within it for breaking up the stream within the box when it impinges
by its force from the pipe k fitted thereon, the air being carried into the
pipe through the apertures 1, 1, by the pressure of the gas injected into
it from the nipple m. This apparatus is specially applicable for heating
baths in the manner shown in Figure 9, the pipe k being arranged upon
a swivel joint at n so that the box can be swung round into the aperture
provided for it. This aperture is of oval shape and is surrounded by an
exterior casing p, between which and the inner one q a film of water is
caused to circulate by the heat as indicated by the arrows, whereby the
water in the bath is heated quickly. I fit a plater to the box to close
up the opening at the back when the box is in position, and this
prevents condensation taking place by currents of cold air rushing in
while the gas is alight. The bath is of the ordinary construction,
otherwise with water inlet taps and outlet tap t leading to a drain.
Figure 10 represents an oven or cooking stove with a series of
atmospheric burners of my improved construction arranged in the lower
part; any one or more of these burners can be lit and the heated
products are free to travel all round the enclosed portions u before
passing off to the chimney v. The upper part of the casing may be

page_text: arranged for warming saucepans or pots placed upon it, and apertures
may be formed for the reception of the saucepans as in ordinary hot
plates of stoves. The several burners are supplied with gas from one
main pipe w, the air being impelled through the apparatus by the
pressure of gas with which it mingles, as already explained, the lower 5
portion of the casing being perforated for the purpose.
|arranged for warming saucepans or pots placed upon it, and apertures
may be formed for the reception of the saucepans as in ordinary hot
plates of stoves. The several burners are supplied with gas from one
main pipe wo, the air being impelled through the apparatus by the
pressure of gas with which it mingles, as already explained, the lower 5
portion of the casing being perforated for the purpose.
Any of the forms of apparatus may have gauze or perforated metal
arranged in them to further break up the stream of gas and air if
desired.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in 1
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,—
Firstly. The construction and employment of apparatus as herein-
before described and shown for heating, cooking, and warming
purposes.
Secondly. I claim the contracted necked tube and the method of 1
producing intense heat and perfect combustion of gas and air for
heating and cooking purposes, substantially as described and shown."
Thirdly. I claim the method of and appliances for easily converting
or transforming a heating or cooking stove or apparatus into an ordinary
lighting apparatus, as described and shown.
And fourthly. I claim the construction and combination of apparatus
for the production of heat, for heating water in baths and similar vessels,
as described and shown.
20
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Henry Phillips, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of December, 25
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
THOMAS H. PHILLIPS. (L.S.)