IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING SUGAR
Year: 1837

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
HOARD, late of Demerara, but now of Liverpool, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Thirtieth day of September, in the first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Francis Hoard, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Francis Hoard, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Francis Hoard, my exors, admiors; or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING SUGAR;". in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said Francis Hoard, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reférence
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso,. I, the said
Francis Hoard, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:-

page_text: My Invention consists in the application of a peculiar arrangement of boiling
vessels for the boiling of cane or other proper juice in the process of making
sugar therefrom, whereby considerable saving of fuel is effected, a constant
circulation of the liquor whilst boiling is produced, and a facility of carrying
on the process is obtained, as will be hereafter described.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a plan of apparatus or vessels arranged or combined according
to my Invention; Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, Figure 8 is an end
section, and Figure 4 a perspective view. In each of these Figures the same
letters indicate similar parts. a, a, is an oblong vessel, which is divided into
five compartments A, B, C, D, and E, by the partitions b, c, d, and e, as is
clearly shewn in the Drawing; through the lower part of the vessel a, a, is a
flue f, f, through which the smoke and vapours from the furnace pass to the
chimney, as will readily be traced on an examination of the Drawing; I, I, I,
are a series of tubes within the flue f, f. (or they may be a series of narrow
chambers or vessels,) in which the cane or other juice circulates from the
bottom upward, as is indicated by the arrows, by which means the same takes
up the heat more effectually than according to the construction of teaches
heretofore employed for like purposes in sugar making; the compartments A, B,
of the vessel a, a, communicate by means of pipes and cocks with the com-
partment C; the compartment C by a pipe and cock communicates with the
compartment D, and the compartment D communicates by a pipe and cock
with the compartment E, all which is clearly shewn in the Drawing at Figures
3 and 4. F is the furnace; G, a damper to the flue to regulate the draft.
Having thus explained the nature of the apparatus, I will now describe the
mode of conducting the process, and in doing so I will suppose the apparatus
to have been in work some time, and that the larger portion of the contents of
the compartment A has just been drawn into the compartment C. The com-
partment A is to be again charged with cane or other juice from the boxes or
clarifiers, and as the same boils it is to be scummed, and the scum put into
the trough h, h, around the vessel a, a, from whence the scum flows to the
cistern. When the liquor in the striking teach E is in a condition to be
removed, the cock i is to be opened that the liquor may flow off to the coolers,
which are situated at a lower level than the vessel a, a; and immediately the
liquor has run as low as the cock i that cock i is to be shut and the cock to
the compartment D, E, opened, by which the liquor from D will flow into E;
that cock is then to be closed, and the cock to the compartments C, D, is to
be opened, and the liquor from C will flow into D, when that cock is to be

page_text: closed, and the cock to the compartments B, C, is to be opened, by which the
liquor will flow into C, that cock is then to be closed; such process is to be
continued until the liquor from B will no longer flow therefrom, then a fresh
supply of liquor is to be permitted to flow into the compartment B from the
boxes or clarifiers; hence it will be seen that the compartments A, B,
alternately become the preparing vessels, and whilst one is being worked off
the other is coming forward. When the whole of the liquor from the boxes
or clarifiers has been emptied into the compartments A, B, and it becomes
necessary to perform what is called boiling off, when the liquor from any of
the compartments becomes so low as not to flow by the cocks, then a pump
is to be used for pumping out the liquor from one compartment to the other;
and in order to prevent burning the compartments as they become empty of
liquor they are to be filled with water.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
working the same, I would remark that although I have shewn the vessel a, a,
of a particular shape, such as I consider to be the best adapted for carrying
out my Invention, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to
the shape thereof, provided the general principle of the apparatus be retained.
And I would have it understood that what I claim as my Invention is the
application of an apparatus, such as is herein described, in the process of
making of sugar, and particularly in the mode of producing a constant circu-
lation of the liquor in such apparatus, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Hoard, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.