IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes
and Son, Patent Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES." -A communication from
abroad by Henry Fairbanks, of St. Johnsbury, in the County of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas
Hughes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 9th June 1873.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES," a communication
to me from abroad by Henry Fairbanks, of St. Johnsbury, in the County
of Caledonia, State of Vermont, United States of America (to be as
fallossal.

page_text: stack, combined with pipes leading the supply to the said coil, thence
to the boiler, when the said coil is insulated by a chamber around said
chimney.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of
the smoke box and chimney of a locomotive engine provided with the
said Invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation; and Fig. 3, a front view of such
without the deflectior, the insulating chamber, and the outer or main
chimney, the Figure exhibiting the water heating coil and the curved
guides to be herein-after described.
In such Drawing "A" denotes the smoke box, and "B" its educt or
chimney, which is surrounded by a bonnet or cap "C," that serves to
deflect the discharged smoke and cinders downward into the outer or
auxiliary chimney "D." The last-mentioned chimney is an inverted
conic frustrum surrounding the inner chimney and its adjuncts, and
supported on a base plate "E" which encompasses the educt or
chimney B. Encompassing the said chimney B is a duplex coil F of
pipe, composed of a long tube bent around at its middle, as shown at a,
so that the halves b, c, may be in parallelism, the whole being subse-
quently coiled in a helix around the smoke pipe or chimney B. One
branch of the helix is extended downwards into the smoke box, thence
out of it at its side, thence along to and opens into a check valve case d
communicating with the boiler "G." The other branch also goes down
into the smoke box, thence out its opposite side, and is to be supposed to
be joined to a force pump connected with the tank of the tender, the same
being so that when the said force pump may be in operation water for
supply of the boiler may be forced upward through the turns of one
branch of the coil, and next downward through those of the other branch
and thence into the boiler.
The water heating coil is insulated from the auxiliary chimney by
means of a closed chamber or case H surrounding such coil. A pipe I
leading out of one side of the exhaust pipe "K" of the smoke box extends
upward and opens into the lower part of the insulating chamber. Further-
more another pipe L open at its upper end leads from the upper portion
of the said chamber down into the smoke box and turns upward therein
in manner as shown. From the above it will be seen that a portion of
the exhaust steam will be thrown through the pipe I into the insulating

page_text: chamber, and will pass up within the same and against the coil, and
will heat it. From thence the steam will pass out and escape into the
smoke box by the discharge pipe L, and thus add accelerating the
draught of the chimney. A pipe M for discharge of condense steam or
water from the insulating chamber is shown as leading out of the bottom
of such chamber to the outside of the boiler, and to a convenient
position for such water to fall upon the ground. The outer chimney is
represented as surmounted by a wire netting or gauze bonnet N.
Underneath the bottom of the insulator, and extended down to the
bottom of the outer chimney on each of the two opposite sides of the
inner chimney is an arched deflector or guide O formed as represented,
there being holes or passages P between the deflectors and through the
inner chimney; the purpose of the guides or deflectors O is to direct
into the inner chimney the cinders or sparks that may gather in the
lower part of the outer chimney, they escaping from the latter through
the opening P.
For engines in which anthracite coal or coke is used for fuel the
outer chimney, its gauze bonnet, and the deflector on the top of the
inner chimney will not be needed. The same may be said with respect
to the guides o, o, such parts being necessary only for such engines as
use bituminous coal or wood in their furnaces. It will be evident
however that the deflector and the auxiliary chimney will be advan-
tageous, causing the smoke and steam discharged from the inner
chimney to impinge against the outer surface of the insulator, whereby
condensation of the steam in the insulator will be prevented in a measure
if not entirely.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th December 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special
licence that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, admin-
istrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Thomas
Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVES," a communication to me from abroad by
Henry Fairbanks, of St. Johnsbury, in the County of Caledonia, State of
Vermont, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that
is to say :-
This Invention relates to a device for heating the supply water in its
passage to the boiler by means of exhaust steam, and it consists in the
arrangement of a coil around the chimney of a locomotive smoke stack,
combined with pipes leading the supply to the said coil, thence to
the boiler when the said coil is insulated by a chamber around said
chimney.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of
the smoke box and chimney of a locomotive engine, provided with the
said Invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation; and Fig. 3, a front view of such
without the deflector; the insulating chamber and the outer or main
chimney, the Figure exhibiting the water heating coil and the curved
guides, to be herein-after described.

page_text: A denotes the smoke box, and B its educt or chimney, which is sur-
rounded by a bonnet or cap "C," that serves to deflect the discharged
smoke and cinders downward into the outer or auxiliary chimney D.
The last mentioned chimney is an inverted conic frustrum surrounding
the inner chimney and its adjuncts, and supported on a base plate E
which encompasses the educt or chimney B. Encompassing the said
chimney B is a duplex coil F of pipe, composed of a long tube bent
around at its middle, as shown at a, so that the halves b, c, may be in
parallelism, the whole being subsequently coiled in a helix around the
smoke pipe or chimney B. One branch of the helix is extended down-
ward into the smoke box, thence out of it at its side, thence along to
and opens into a check valve case d, communicating with the boiler G.
The other branch also goes down into the smoke box, thence out at its
opposite side, and is supposed to be joined to a force pump connected
with the tank of the tender, the same being so that when the said
force pump may be in operation water for supply of the boiler may
be forced upward through the turns of one branch of the coil, and
next downward through those of the other branch, and thence into the
boiler.
The water heating coil is insulated from the auxiliary chimney by
means of a closed chamber or case H surrounding such coil. A pipe I
leading out of one side of the exhaust pipe K of the smoke box extends
upward and opens into the lower part of the insulating chamber. Further-
more another pipe L open at its upper end leads from the upper portion
of the said chamber down into the smoke box and turns upwards therein
in manner as shown. From the above it will be seen that a portion of
the exhaust steam will be thrown through the pipe I into the insulating
chamber, and will pass up within the same and against the coil and
will heat it. From thence the steam will pass out and escape into the
smoke box by the discharge pipe L, thus accelerating the draught of
the chimney. A pipe M. for discharge of condensed steam or water
from the insulating chamber is shown as leading out of the bottom
of such chamber to the outside of the boiler, and to a convenient
position for such water to fall upon the ground. The outer chimney is
represented as surmounted by a wire netting or a gauze bonnet N.
Underneath the bottom of the insulator and extended down to the
bottom of the outer chimney on each of the two opposite sides of the
inner chimney is an arched deflector or guide O formed as represented,
there being holes or passages P between the deflectors and through the

page_text: inner chimney. The purpose of the guides or deflectors O is to direct into
the inner chimney the cinders or sparks that may gather in the lower
part of the outer chimney, they escaping from the latter through the
opening P.
For engines in which anthracite coal or coke is used for fuel the
outer chimney, its gauze bonnet, and the deflector on the top of the.
inner chimney will not be needed. The same may be said with respect
to the guides o, o, such parts being necessary only for such engines as
use bituminous coal or wood in their furnaces. It will be evident
however that the deflector and the auxiliary chimney will be advan- 1
tageous, causing the smoke and steam discharged from the inner
chimney to impinge against the outer surface of the insulator, whereby
condensation of the steam in the insulator will be prevented in a measure
if not entirely.
Having thus described the nature and particulars of the said In- 1
vention, as communicated to me from abroad, I claim,—
Firstly. In combination with the insulator H, the coil F, the pipes
I, K, the smoke box A, and chimney B, arranged as set forth, the
pipe L arranged to lead from the upper part of the insulator down
into the smoke box as shown, so as to discharge the waste steam from 2
the heater directly into the said smoke box or the chimney, in order to
facilitate the draught of the latter.
Secondly. The arrangement of the curved guides o, o, with the
insulator, the main auxiliary chimneys, and the openings P, P, as
described.
Thirdly. The coil made in the manner as described whereby the
water to be heated is caused to pass up in one and down in another helex
thereof.
2
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of December, in 3
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-