IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF NOISELESS TYRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hassalwood Carmont of Manchester in the
County of Lancaster. for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF NOISELESS TYRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS AND IN APPARATUS
EMPLOYED FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hassalwood
Carmont at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th July
1883.
WILLIAM HASSALWOOD CARMONT of Manchester in the County of Lancaster
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NOISELESS TYRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS
AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE"
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of the grooved metal
tyres of a dovetail or other undercut section as into which an india rubber band
is compressed described in the Specification of previous Letters Patent granted to
me bearing date the eighth day of February 1883 N° 703. the first part of the
invention consisting of a method of and apparatus for welding together the ends of
such undercut grooved tyres, and the second part of the same consisting in a
method of and apparatus for forcing or compressing the india rubber band into
the undercut grooved metal tyre.
I first open out the two sides at the ends of the grooved tyre somewhat into the
form which the metal assumes in the last groove but one of the rolls as described
and shown in the specification and drawings of the Letters Patent before mentioned,
which will throw the base into the concavo-convex form.
One end is opened out rather wider than the other and the former is placed
over the latter so as to form what is commonly known as a "lap" joint, and
placing this joint so formed between the tools hereinafter described the metal being
at a welding heat I proceed to weld the joint in the usual manner.
The bottom tool is made with a tang to fit into a hole in the anvil and in its
upper surface a groove is made corresponding in form with the inner sides and
upper edges of the section and the upper tool has formed in it a groove corre-
sponding with the curved base and sloping sides of the same

page_text: Having made a good welded joint in this form I then close in the sides again by
hammering the base by means of a flattening tool whilst the inside of the base
rests upon a bottom tool formed with a rectangular face or projection equal in
width to the opening between the edges of the finished groove.
The grooved metal tyre thus formed is now shrunk and fixed onto a wheel in
the ordinary manner after which I compress the india rubber band into the groove
by the following means.
The wheel is mounted on a temporary axle fixed in a suitable frame. Above the
centre of the wheel outside the circumference thereof is mounted a powerful lever,
its fulcrum being attached to the said frame, and the said lever is provided with a
curved clamp formed to suit the section of india rubber to be Compressed into the
groove.
At a slight distance in advance of this lever is mounted (also on the frame) a
roller having a grooved periphery corresponding to the form of the curved clamp,
which rolls in contact with the tyre of the wheel, or nearly so.
The india rubber is made in a continuous length of suitable section and the
workman takes the end and lays it over the groove of the tyre with its base in a
diagonal position one of its lower edges, being in the groove resting on the base
thereof, and the other edge being outside the groove and resting on the edge of the
outer side of the metal tyre. The workman now brings down the lever and by
downward pressure and a simultaneous side movement, he compresses the india
rubber and forces it into the groove until its base entirely fills the undercut portion
inside thereof.
The rubber is now firmly compressed and is held securely in the groove by the
inner projecting edges of the metal tyre which are deeply indented into the sides
of the rubber,
Having thus compressed a few inches of the end of the rubber into the groove,
the operative withdraws the lever out of the way, and by turning the wheel round
nearly a revolution in contact with the grooved roller before named, the latter rolls
and presses the remainder of the rubber into the groove, as it revolves. The length
of the rubber is then cut off rather full, and the two ends passing under the
grooved roller together formn a "butt " joint.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Hassalwood Carmont in the Patent Office on the
16th January 1884.
WILLIAM HASSALWOOD CARMONT of Manchester in the County of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NOISELESS TYRES FOR CARRIAGE WHEELS
AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH MANUFACTURE
"
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of the grooved metal
tyres of a dovetail or other undercut section, into which an india rubber band is
compressed as described in the Specification of previous Letters Patent granted to
me and bearing date the 8th day of February 1883. N° 702.
The first part of my invention consists of a method of and apparatus for welding
together the ends of such undercut grooved tyres and is illustrated by Sheet 1. of
the accompanying drawings.
According to this part of my invention I first open out the two sides at the ends
of the grooved tyre (to be welded together) somewhat into the form which the metal
assumes in the last groove but one of the rolls, as described and shown in the
specification and drawings of the Letters Patent before mentioned which will throw
the base into the concavo-convex form.
One end is opened out rather wider than the other, and the former is placed
over the latter so as to form what is commonly known as the "lap" joint, and I'
place this joint so formed between the tools (represented in side and front views
at Fig 1. Sheet 1 of the drawings, and hereinafter described (the metal being at a
welding heat) and I proceed to weld the joint in the usual manner.
The bottom tool a, a (see Fig 1. Sheet 1.) is made with a tang b, b to fit into a
hole in the anvil and in its upper surface a groove c, c is made corresponding in
form with the inner sides and upper edges of the section; and the upper tool d, d
has formed in it a groove e, e corresponding with the curved base and sloping sides
of the same.
Having made a good welded joint in this form I then close-in the sides again by
hammering the base by means of the flattening tool whilst the inside of the base
rests upon a bottom tool formed with a rectangular face or projection f, fequal in
width to or narrower than the opening between the edges of the finished groove;
after which I finish the sides on a tool of the form shown at Fig 3. Sheet 1.
The grooved metal tyre thus formed is now shrunk and fixed onto a wheel in
the ordinary manner, after which I compress the band of india rubber or other
yielding material into the groove by the following means which forms the second
part of my invention and is illustrated by sheet 2. of the annexed drawings, Fig 1.
being a side elevation of the machine and Fig. 2 Sheet 2. being a front view of
the same and Figs 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. and 10. are detached views hereinafter
referred to.
The wheel is mounted on a temporary axle g, g which is then fixed in the frame h, h¹
of the machine.
The main standard h of the frame is provided with holes at different heights and
the machine is provided with movable standards h¹ of corresponding heights to
accommodate wheels of different diameters.
Above the centre of the wheel and outside the periphery is mounted a powerful
lever i, its fulcrum j being attached to a block 1, the height of which is
adjustable by means of the screw and hand wheel k, k to suit the diameter
of the wheel under operation.
On each side of this lever and on each side of the felloe or outer rim of the wheel
is adjusted and fixed firmly a guide roller, I to hold the felloe or outer rim of the

page_text: wheel in place and prevent the tyre of the wheel itself from yielding sideways to
the pressure of the lever i, i.
The latter is provided with a tool or instrument m, m of suitable form for
forcing the rubber or other yielding material into the groove.
The form of instrument m m which I prefer for the first part of the operation is
shown in face view (enlarged) at Fig 3. Sheet 2. and edge view at Fig 4 on the
same sheet. The india rubber or other yielding material is made in a continuous
length (or it may if necessary be in short pieces) and of a suitable section
(preferably that shown at Fig 4) and the workman takes the end and lays it over
the groove of the tyre or outer rim of the wheel with its base in a diagonal
position (as shown at Fig 4) one of its lower edges being in the groove resting on
the base thereof, and the other edge ** being outside and resting on the edge of
the outer side of the grooved metal tyre or outer rim of the wheel the tool m, m
resting on the edge of the india rubber or other yielding material (see Fig. 4).
The workman now brings down the lever ii and with it the tool m, m and by
a downward pressure and a simultaneous side movement, he compresses the india
rubber or other yielding material and forces it into the groove of the metal tyre or
outer rim of the wheel (see Fig. 5) until its base fills the undercut portion inside
thereof.
The rubber or other yielding material is now firmly compressed and is held
securely in the groove by the inner projecting edges of the metal tyre or wheel
rim which are deeply indented into the sides of the rubber or other yielding
material.
Having thus compressed a few inches of the end of the rubber or other yielding
material into the groove, the operative withdraws the lever out of the way and
turning the wheel partly round proceeds to force in another length of the rubber or
other yielding material and so on all round the wheel.
The length of rubber or other yielding material is then cut off rather full, and
the two ends coming together form a butt joint.
It sometimes occurs that by using only a tool or instrument of the form shown
at Figs 3. 4. and 5, the rubber or other yielding material follows the tool as it is
raised and becomes imperfectly bedded as shown at Fig 6. and it is then necessary
to follow up with a tool or instrument like a clamp of the form shown at n, n Fig. 7.
which presses the top of the rubber or other yielding material down at the same
time that it compresses the sides.
For this purpose I make the machine with an additional lever o, o to carry the
'tool n, n.
It will be observed that either of these levers i, or o can be brought to the front
and operated whilst the other is turned a quarter round out of the way.
I sometimes use a rolling tool as shown at h, h Fig. 8. instead of the tool n, n
for finishing and this rolling tool may be carried by the frame instead of the lever
as mentioned in my Provisional Specification but I prefer to mount it on the lever
as it gives a better result,
In some cases (especially for repairs) I propose to make a hand tool on the same
principle (as shown at Figs 9 and 10 Sheet 2) by substituting for the axle g, g
.and fixed frame. h, h a portable frame q, q the lower end r, of which clips the
hub of the wheel and the upper end carries the fulcrum j of the lever i, i
The wheel in this case need not be removed from the axle of the carriage but
the clip, being placed on the hub of the wheel and fixed by the tightening
screws the lever i, i is worked in the same way as in the previously described
machine..
*. Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
"effect I wish it to be understood that I claim as my invention
3
First, the method of and apparatus for welding together the ends of the grooved
tyres substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to sheet 1 of the
annexed drawings

page_text: Secondly I claim the combination of an adjustable frame to support the wheel or
a clip to embrace the hub thereof with an adjustable lever or levers working on a
fulcrum outside the periphery of the wheel, and carrying a suitably formed tool or
tools, for forcing the india rubber or other yielding material into the groove of the
metal or other hard tyre or felloe of a wheel, all substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore set forth and described, and illustrated by sheet 2 of the
accompanying drawings.
In witness whereof I the said William Hassalwood Carmont have hereunto
set my hand and seal this fourteenth day of January in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty four
WH CARMONT (L.S.)