Improvements in Steam Generators and Superheaters and Water Heaters.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Left; 28th i'ay, 1897 Accepted, 3rd July, 1897
Improvements in Steam Generators and Superheaters and Water
Heaters.
I, EDWARD MAKIN Junior, of 40 New Brown Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to steam generators and superheaters and also to water
heaters for domestic purposes, warming buildings, greenhouses and the like, and
consists chiefly in a novel construction combination and arrangement of generator or
heater.
. In its simplest form I construct my improved generator of a series of hollow shells
or water vessels in the form of cones placed in a suitable furnace flue or casing
arranged in a row the large end of the second shell overlapping the small end of the
first but preferably without touching it and so on thus leaving spaces between as
well as a central passage through the shells for the gases from the furnace.
The shells are connected together by pipes or passages for the circulation of the
water which is supplied to the first shell the last shell being connected to a steam
drum or separating vessel, or steam may be conducted from the last shell directly to
the place where it is required for use.
The gases from the furnace circulate through and around the shells the construc
tion and arrangement of which as described gives a very large heating surface as
compared with boilers of ordinary constructions and consequently steam is generated
very rapidly and economically.
The apparatus may be used alone as a self-contained boiler or may be employed in
conjunction with any known type of boiler to which it is applicable.
I may employ the apparatus described as a heater for superheating steam or as a
water heater or as an aspirator substantially as described in the Specification to my
previous application numbered 22,656 of 1895 in which case I prefer to feed the first
shell by water drawn from the bottom of the boiler and thereby greatly improve the
circulation.
For steam generating I should probably require a number of the conical shells or
water vessels in combination but for superheating steam or heating water for hot water
warning apparatus and the like I might in some cases employ only a single shell.
Dated this 27th day of August 1896.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators and Superheaters and Water
Heaters.
I, EDWARD MAKIN Junior, of 40 New Brown Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-

page_text: My invention relates to steam generators and superheaters and also to water
heaters for domestic purposes, warming buildings, greenhouses and the like, and
consists chiefly in a novel construction combination and arrangement of generator or
heater.
In its simplest form I construct my improved generator of a series of hollow shells
or water vessels in the form of cones placed in a suitable furnace flue or casing
arranged in a row the large end of the second shell overlapping the small end of the
first but preferably without touching it and so on thus leaving spaces between as well
as a central passage through the shells for the gases from the furnace.
The shells are connected together by pipes or passages for the circulation of the
water which is supplied to the first shell the last shell being connected to a steam
druin or separating vessel, or steam may be conducted from the last shell directly
to the place where it is required for use.
The gases from the furnace circulate through and around the shells the construc-
tion and arrangement of which as described gives a very large heating surface as
compared with boilers of ordinary constructions and consequently steam is generated
very rapidly and economically.
The apparatus may be used alone as a self contained boiler or may be employed in
conjunction with any known type of boiler to which it is applicable.
In the accompanying seven Sheets of Drawings-
Figures 1 and 2 are longitudinal sections of a Lancashire or two flued boiler to
which my improvements are applied, the steam generating cones being shown in one
flue (Fig. 1) and the steam superheating cones in the other flue (Fig. 2).
Figures 3 and 4 are front and back elevations respectively of the boiler.
Figure 5 is a detailed view of the hollow walled cones illustrating an alternative
mode of connecting them when used as steam generators to the boiler or steam
separating vessel.
Figure 6 is a front view illustrating an arrangement of two sets of hollow walled
cones in a single flued boiler.
Figures 7 and 8 are a longitudinal sectional elevation and front sectional elevation
respectively illustrating the application of the Invention to a brick work furnace flue
and casing.
Figures 9 and 10 illustrate my improvements as applied to a water tube boiler of
the Babcock and Wilcox type, Fig. 9 being a longitudinal section showing one
apparatus for steam generating, and Fig. 10 being a similar view showing another
apparatus for steam superheating.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
In Figures 1 to 4,-a designates the shell of the boiler,.b b the two furnace flues,
c the fire bars, d the bridge, and the two series of hollow walled conical shells. The
series of hollow walled cones e in the right hand flue b shown in the longitudinal
section (Fig. 1) are for steam generation, and are supplied with water through a
feed pipe connected to a mud drum g in communication through a pipe h with the
boiler a. Each of the cones e is connected by branches to the feed pipe and also
to a discharge or delivery pipe i which is connected to the boiler preferably at or
about the water level.
In like manner the series of hollow walled cones e in the left hand flue b, shown in
the longitudinal section (Fig. 2) are for steam superheating and are supplied with
steam through a pipe j connected to the steam space of the boiler a. Each of the
cones is connected by branches to the steam supply pipe j and also to a steam delivery
pipe by which the steam is conveyed to the engine cylinder, not shown in the
Drawings.
The heated gases from the furnace circulate through, between and around the
hollow walled shells e, the construction and arrangement of which as shown and
described gives a very large heating surface whereby water is heated and steam is
generated or steam is superheated very rapidly and economically.
The apparatus may be used alone in a suitable furnace flue or casing or as a water

page_text: heater for domestic or other purposes, or as an economiser or feed water heater for
boilers by placing it in any of the flues, or as a self contained boiler, or combined with
n steam separating vessel, or it may be employed in conjunction with any known type
of boiler to which it is applicable for the purpose of heating water or generating
steam or of superheating steam.
Any number of the hollow walled vessels may be employed and their form may be
varied without departing from the essential features of my Invention, for example,
the cones may be elliptical or other shape in cross section, or instead of cones, hollow
walled vessels of cylindrical or other form might be employed.
Again, instead of connecting the hollow walled vessels together by branches from
one feed pipe and to one discharge pipe as shown, other modes of connection might
be adopted, as, for example, that shown in Fig. 5, in which each cone e is connected
by a feed pipe with the lower portion of the boiler a and by a discharge pipe i with
the upper portion of the boiler.
The hollow walled shells e may be employed not only in horizontal flues as shown,
but also in vertical flues or flues set at any angle of inclination.
In the Drawings, Figs. 1 to 4,-1 have shown and described one arrangement of
hollow walled shells in one flue for steam generation, and another arrangement in the
other flue for steam superheating, but I may, if preferred, employ two such arrange-
ments in each flue.
In like manner, in applying my invention to a Cornish or single flued boiler, as
shown in Fig. 6, I place both series of hollow walled cones e-one for steam generating
and the other for steam superheating purposes-side by side in the flue as shown in
Fig. 6; or the two series of cones e may be placed behind one another, the connections
and mode of operation being otherwise identical with those already described with
reference to Figs. 1 to 4.
Figures 7 and 8 are a longitudinal sectional elevation and front sectional elevation
respectively illustrating my Invention as arranged in a brick work flue or casing, the
arrangement being practically identical with the foregoing and similar letters of
reference denoting corresponding parts.
Referring next to Figures 9 and 10 which illustrate the application of my Invention
to a water tube boiler of the Babcock and Wilcox type, Figure 9 shows one apparatus
arranged for steam generating and Figure 10 a similar apparatus arranged for steam
superheating.
I have only illustrated my Invention as applied to a water tube boiler of the
Babcock and Wilcox type; but it will be obvious that it may be similarly applied to
other water tube boilers, as, for example, to the Belleville and other well known
types.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In combination, a furnace flue b, any number of hollow walled circulating shells e,
preferably in the form of cones, placed therein, and feed and delivery pipes connected
to said cones substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings for the purposes of water heating or steam generating or steam super-
heating.
2. The combination with a series of hollow walled circulating cones e arranged in
the furnace flue as a steam generator and connected to feed and delivery pipes, of a
series of hollow walled circulating cones e arranged in the furnace flue as a steam
superheater substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
3. In combination, a series of hollow walled cones s and connections arranged in a
furnace flue as a steam generator, and a second series of said cones arranged as a feed
water heater substantially as herein set forth.
4. In combination, a series of hollow walled cones e and connections arranged in
a furnace flue of a boiler or other steam generator as a feed water heater, and a

page_text: second series of said cones arranged as a steam superheater substantially as herein set
forth.
5. In combination, a series of hollow walled cones e and connections arranged in a
furnace flue as a steam generator, a second series of said cones arranged as a steam
superheater, and a third series arranged as a feed water heater substantially as herein
set forth.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
17 St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for Applicant.