Year: 1899

page_text: I, HORACE ROBINSON, 78, Great Bridgewater Street, Manchester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in engines operated by the combustion
and expansion of a mixture of gas or combustible vapour and air or other
supporter of combustion and relates more particularly to the means of con-
trolling the speed of such engines, the action of the engine is as follows:
the piston draws in to the cylinder the inflammable charge of gas or oil or
other combustible and air or other supporter of combustion, through an auto-
matic inlet valve which may be held to its seat by a spring or equivalent, during
the outward stroke and compresses this charge during the inward stroke and
the combustion of this charge drives the piston outwards: The exhaust is now
opened and the products of combustion are expelled during the next inward
stroke of the piston, should however the speed of the engine rise above the
normal a trigger pivoted to a fixed point comes into action and holds open the
exhaust valve by coming into contact with a suitable nut or piece attached to
the exhaust valve spindle. A valve may be placed near the exhaust valve on
the atmospheric side of it and when the exhaust valve is thus held open the
piston simply draws in air through this valve and expells it through the
exhaust pipe.
A rod or equivalent working backwards and forwards, by suitable gear, at
half the number of reciprocations of the piston, opens the exhaust valve at
the proper times, and pivoted to this rod is a sliding rod or projection with
a weight which weight hangs in such a manner that when the speed exceeds
the normal the inertia of the weight causes the sliding rod or projection to
bear against a projection on the trigger and this moves the trigger into the
position necessary to come in contact with the before mentioned nut or piece on
the exhaust valve spindle and it holds it open as before mentioned. The centre
on which the trigger moves may be fixed to an arm from the exhaust valve
box or from any fixed part of the engine and the position of the centre may
be below the axis of the exhaust valve and further from the exhaust valve
than the before mentioned piece or nut on the valve spindle.
A stop may be provided which only allows of a swinging motion of the
weight in one direction but prevents the relative motion in the other direction.
An adjustable piece may be screwed into or otherwise attached to the weight
which piece may be set in relative positions to alter the centre of gravity for
setting the speed of the engine. The construction of the air valve I prefer to
be as follows. I prefer it to be well above the exhaust valve and it may
be of a light annular form covering a ring of holes or passages so that it may
give a large lip area and a very free inlet of air.
Dated this 22nd day of September 1899.

page_text: I, HORACE ROBINSON, 78, Great Bridgewater Street, Manchester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My invention relates to improvements in engines operated by the combustion
and expansion of a mixture of gas or combustible vapour and air or other
supporter of combustion and relates more particularly to the means of con-
trolling the speed of such engines, the action of the engine is as follows;
the piston draws in to the cylinder the inflammable charge of gas or oil or
other combustible and air or other supporter of combustion, through an auto-
matic inlet valve which may be held to its seat by a spring or equivalent, during
the outward stroke and compresses this charge during the inward stroke and
the combustion of this charge drives the piston outwards. The exhaust is now
opened and the products of combustion are expelled during the next inward
stroke of the piston, should however the speed of the engine rise above the
normal a trigger pivoted to a fixed point comes into action and holds open the
exhaust valve by coming into contact with a suitable nut or piece attached to
the exhaust valve spindle. A valve may be placed near the exhaust valve on
the atmospheric side of it and when the exhaust valve is thus held open the
piston simply draws in air through this valve and expells it through the
exhaust pipe.
A rod or equivalent working backwards and forwards, by suitable gear, at
half the number of reciprocations of the piston, opens the exhaust valve at
the proper times, and pivoted to this rod is a sliding rod or projection with
a weight which weight hangs in such a manner that when the speed exceeds
the normal the inertia of the weight causes the sliding rod or projection to
bear against a projection on the trigger and this moves the trigger into the
position necessary to come in contact with the before mentioned nut or piece on
the exhaust valve spindle and it holds it open as before mentioned. The centre
on which the trigger moves may be fixed to an arm from the exhaust valve
box or from any fixed part of the engine and the position of the centre may
be below the axis of the exhaust valve than the below mentioned piece or nut
on the valve spindle.
A stop may be provided which only allows of a swinging motion of the
weight in one direction but prevents the relative motion in the other direction.
An adjustable piece may be screwed into or otherwise attached to the weight
which piece may be set in relative positions to alter the centre of gravity for
setting the speed of the engine. The construction of the air valve I prefer to
be as follows, I prefer it to be well above the exhaust valve and it may
be of a light annular form covering a ring of holes or passages so that it may
give a large lip area and a very free inlet of air.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a sectional elevation showing the
improvements. A is a port leading to the cylinder or combustion chamber of
the engine. B is the exhaust valve of the engine. C is a rod or other piece
moved backwards and forwards at half the number of reciprocations of the
engine piston so that it opens the exhaust valve B during every alternate inward
stroke of the piston. E is the exhaust valve spindle. G is a trigger pivoted

page_text: at H to an arm or stationary part of engine. F is a projecting arm or sliding rod
pivoted to the reciprocating rod C at K. A weight L is formed upon or
attached to this sliding rod F. M is an adjusting screw or stop which prevents
the weight L from swinging in one direction, namely towards the crank shaft
but allows of its relative motions in the opposite direction and this prevents
any, tendency of the weight L to swing with varying cycles as it would otherwise
do as a pendulum with a varying centre of suspension.
N Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 is a valve which is of light construction and may be of
an annular form covering a ring of holes as shown at P Figs. 1, 2, 3. Ris
the exhaust pipe. The action is as follows; the piston of engine during its
outward stroke draws in the charge of gas, oil, or other combustible fluid, and
air into the cylinder through an automatic inlet valve which is held to its
seat by a spring or other suitable means, during the next or inward stroke of
the piston this charge is compressed, it is now ignited and drives the piston
outwards in the usual manner. The exhaust valve B is now opened and the
piston drives out the products of combustion through R during the next inward
stroke. Should however the speed of the engine exceed the normal the inertia
of the weight L owing to the increased speed of the rod C causes the sliding
rod or arm F to bear up against a projection U on the trigger G causing
the end of G to move upwards round the centre H and at the time when the
exhaust valve B is open and this motion of the trigger Ground the pivot H
causes it to assume the position shown in Fig. 2 when it abuts against a specially
formed nut or piece S fixed on the exhaust valve spindle E. The spring T which
usually closes the exhaust valve B at the end of each alternate inward stroke. of
the piston cannot now do so and the valve remains open. The piston now makes
its outward stroke and draws air through the apertures P past the valve N, as
shown by the arrows in Fig. 2, the valve N rising as shown in this figure
and permitting a free ingress of air past the exhaust valve into the cylinder of
the engine, the charging valve being held to its seat by the before mentioned
spring or equivalent & the cylinder of the engine is thus filled with air and
no combustible charge is drawn in. As soon as the speed of the engine falls
below the normal, the arm or sliding rod F is no longer caused to press the
trigger G upwards and the next time the rod touches E the trigger G falls
again to the position as shown in Fig. 1 and the exhaust closes, the piston now
draws the inflammable charge into the cylinder through the before mentioned
charging valve and the charge is compressed and exploded as usual so long as
the speed is below the normal.
A considerable amount of air is drawn in through the valve N after the
exhaust valve has been opened owing to the momentum of the exhaust products
in the exhaust pipe having their high velocity checked when the highest velocity
is passed and the valve N being of light weight and large lip area permits of a
free ingress of air which may be drawn into the exhaust pipe for some distance
along its length thus also further cooling the exhaust valve.
When the exhaust valve is held open to govern the engine as described no
exhaust products of combustion need be drawn into the cylinder but air is
drawn in freely through B into the cylinder and expelled through the exhaust
avoiding the objection of drawing exhaust products of combustion into the
cylinders and obviating back pressure. To set the speed of the engine faster or
slower an adjusting piece such as V may be set in the weight L so as to alter its
centre of gravity and thus cause the sliding rod or arm F and trigger G, to
come into action when the desired speed is reached.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;
First. In an internal combustion engine the peculiar construction & com-
bination of parts consisting of the valve N admitting air the trigger G acting

page_text: upon the stop S. The projection U actuated by the bar F. The weight L the
stop M and the speed adjustment V all substantially as described & illustrated.
Second. In an internal combustion engine the improved construction of speed
controlling mechanism in which the action of the valves is brought about in
the manner described & illustrated.
יד
1000