matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lorentz Albert Groth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th September 1883 a communication
to him from abroad by W. Bäcker, Director of Gas Works, at>Budweis, in
the Kingdom of Bohemia, Austrian Empire,
"
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, K.G.V. Civil Engineer and Managing Director of the
Universal Inventors and Patentees Financial Company Limited 30 Finsbury
Pavement London E.C. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS GENERATORS' a communication
to me from abroad by W. Bäcker, Director of Gas Works, at Budweis, in the
Kingdom of Bohemia, Austrian Empire,
While by the hitherto known methods of producing gas by heat, excavations and
other complicated and expensive constructions and buildings are required con-
sequent upon the necessary underground arrangements my new gas generator may
be worked in the same way as the former roasting furnaces and can be easily
adapted to existing installations.
The arrangement and working of this generator is as follows.
In the front of the generator is placed the furnace door by means of which the
fire box is filled with fuel.
In order to prevent a choking of the fire box during the process, either steam or
water is when required occasionally admitted through the draught openings.
The carbonic oxide gases produced in the fire box reach the heater through
openings in the vault. Very near to these openings the hot air channels are placed,
they lay either alongside the generator or on the top of it according as
circumstances and space will allow. The air current which passes through them is
conducted through specially constructed flues at the back of the furnace and is
there heated by the escaping products of combustion, when it is then led into the
furnace through the back part thereof.
By the influence of this heated atmospheric air the carbonic oxide which have
been produced are transformed into carbonic acid whereby the fuel is used to its
utmost efficiency.
The advantages of this construction of gas generator as compared with those
hitherto used consists in
a) That my generator does away with the necessity of special adjuncts or buildings,
and makes it possible to do all the firing work from one spot, and thus not
only is the first cost reduced but a considerable saving of space and fuel is
thereby obtained

page_text: › That the whole of the firing can be regulated through the furnace doors which
are provided with eccentric shutters and when required may be cleaned from
above.
That the residue of combustion can be easily removed by an ordinary ash shovel
on account of the admittance of air and a suitable slit formation.
7) That the air current that passes through the flues at the back of the furnace
being heated by the escaping products of combustion increases the caloric
effect of the fuel and produces a perfect combustion.
A NEW PHOSPHATE OF LINE, APPLICABLE AS A FERTILISER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by François Barbe, Engineer of Paris in the Republic of
France
OF
OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE
A CRYSTALLISED
JOHN IMRAY of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex "A NEW
PHOSPHATE OF LINE, APPLICABLE AS A FERTILISER [communicated to him
from abroad by François Barbe, Engineer of Paris in the Republic of France]
"
Tbis invention relates to the manufacture of a crystallised bibasic phosphate of
lime, having the formula Ph 0³ 2 Ca O, HO, which, being soluble in carbonic acid
and in the saline solutions existing in arable ground, is eminently suited for
fertilising purposes. As, moreover, it contains a very large proportion of
phosphoric acid, the quantity required to be transported and applied for fertilising
is comparatively small. The mode of producing this substance is founded on the
following principles. When phosphoric acid is treated with excess of lime or
carbonate of lime, there is, as is well known, precipitation of the tribasic
phosphate Ph 03, 3 Ca O which, not being crystallised nor soluble in citrate of
ammonia, ought not to be employed in compounding artificial manures. If,
however, lime or its carbonate be added gradually to liquor always containing
excess of phosphoric acid, the liquid, which for a time is clear, shortly deposits a
cystallised substance which is the bibasic phosphate Ph 05, 2 Ca O, HO, entirely
soluble in citrate of ammonia and suited for vegetable assimilation. The manufac-
turing process therefore consists in adding slowly to a phosphate solution successive
portions of lime or carbonate of lime, testing from time to time to make sure that
the liquid still contains excess of phosphoric acid. The phosphate solution
employed may be any of those obtained by the action of hydrochloric or sulphuric
acid on mineral or animal phosphates.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BLUE COLORING MATTER OR DYE STUFF
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1883. A communication from
Edward Oehler trading under the firm of K Oehler, at Offenbach on the Main,
in the Empire of Germany.
"
FRANK WIRTH of the firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors at
Frankfort on the Main in the Empire of Germany "IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BLUE COLORING MATTER OR DYE STUFF [a communication
from Edward Oehler trading under the firm of K Oehler, at Offenbach on the
Main, in the Empire of Germany.]
The object of this invention is the production of a blue coloring matter by the
treatment of Tetramethyldiamidodiphenylenamin, that is the leucobase of the
Dimethylphenylengreen (first described by R Bindschidler in the "Berichte der
deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft," Berlin 1880 page 207 and 1883 page 865) or
its homologues in an acid solution with sulphuretted hydrogen and chloride of iron
or any other oxidising agent.
Instead of first preparing the Tetramethyldiamidodiphenylenamin I may also
oxydise an acid solution of sulphuretted hydrogen and molecule Dimethylaniline
and 1 molecule Paramidodimethylaniline or their homologues but in this way I
obtain many by-products which diminish the yield of coloring matter
In manufacturing the blue color I proceed as follows
(1) One part of the double salt of chloride of zinc with dimethylphenylengreen is
dissolved in 140 parts of water and 10 parts of muriatic acid and then treated with
sulphuretted bydrogen until saturation. The latter is then neutralized by the
addition of a 10-15% solution of chlorido of iron until the smell of sulphuretted
hydrogen has disappeared and the coloring matter is precipitated by chloride of
zinc and common salt.
(II.) 22 lbs dimethylaniline are dissolved in 48 lbs muriatic acid of 30% and
1000 gallons of water; a solution of 14, lba nitrite of sodium of 98% in 130 lbs
water is slowly poured in and continually stirred. The mixture is then allowed
to rest for from 5 to 10 hours and 30 lbs of ziuc dust diluted with water added and

page_text: stirred until the liquid is decolorised; after this 260 lbs muriatic acid and
22 lbs dimethylaniline are added to the mixture which is saturated with
sulphuretted hydrogen gas and oxidised with chloride of iron. Instead of the
above mentioned bases I can take homologous bodies containing aethyl or amyl
compounds in the place of the methyl groups; further, the sulphuretted hydrogen
can also be produced during the operations in the solutions themselves by adding
suitable metallic sulphides.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR TABLE CUTLERY AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Brooke and John Brooke
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1883.
THOMAS BROOKE and JOHN BROOKE both of Sheffield in the County of York,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR TABLE CUTLERY AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
"
Our Invention relates to improvements in Cases for containing table cutlery,
dessert knives and forks and similar articles, the object of the invention being to
enable the said articles to be removed from the case with much greater facility
than heretofore, to prevent the velvet or other material of which the lining of the
box is made, becoming soiled by repeated contact with the hand or fingers in
taking the articles out for use and in replacing them, and in the method of
securing the articles when they are replaced in the case.
We attain these objects in the following manner, namely by simultaneously
raising all the handles from their normal position in the case, so that the person
taking them out can pass the hand or fingers underneath them and lift the articles
out without touching the lining of the case.
When the articles are replaced and lowered, they are automatically secured by
a portion of the elevator passing over the ends of the handles, making it
impossible for the articles to be shaken out of their places. In carrying out our
invention according to one method for example we fix inside the box, and extending
across the front a bar or elevator provided with suitable hollows or divisions for
the handles to rest in, the ends of the handles passing into an undercut recess or
recesses. This bar or elevator is capable of being raised on one of its edges by a
partial revolution on its axis which movement releases the ends of the handles
from the recesses and raises them to the elevated position before described, so that
they can be removed with facility.
Various devices may be used for actuating the elevator such as extending one
or both ends of the axle through the side or sides of the box, terminating in a
button or disc, to be rotated by the thumb and finger, and further secured by
means of a locknut.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING BOXES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Wells and Frank
Fleischmann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
24th September 1883.
ALFRED WELLS and FRANK FLEISCHMANN both of Weybridge in the County of
Surrey "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING BOXES,"
The improvements in folding boxes consist in making the bottom, sides and lid
of the box of separate pieces of metal plate or other convenient substance, hinged
at the several edges by means of hinges, loops, or by means of projecting tags, in
such manner that the whole box will lie flat and when required for use the sides
and ends are held up in position by means of tags, either of the metal or material
itself, or wire holders, passing through slots or holes in the back spout may be
The whole is thus supplied
used; the lid being fastened in a similar manner.
with fastening, but may be made so as to be further secured by means of elastic
band or tape or otherwise.
One or more of the sides may be perforated to afford ventilation if needful or
recessed to receive a seal, or for other purpose.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alfred Wells and Frank Fleischmann in the Patent Office on
the 6th March 1884.
ALFRED WELLS and FRANK FLEISCHMANN both of Weybridge in the County of
Surrey "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING BOXES,”
The improvements in folding boxes consist in making the bottom, sides and lid
of the box of separate pieces of metal plate or other convenient substance, hinged
at the several edges by means of hinges, loops, or by means of projecting tags, in
such manner that the whole box will lie flat and when required for use the sides
and ends be held up in position by means of tags, either of the metal or material
itself, or wire holders passing through slots or holes in the various pieces of metal
are used; the lid being fastened in a similar manner. The whole is thus supplied
with fastenings, but may be made so as to be further secured by means of an
elastic band or tape or otherwise.
One or more of the sides may be perforated to afford ventilation if needful or
recessed to receive a seal, or for other purpose-The accompanying drawing will
illustrate how the invention can be performed. Fig 1 is the box put together
with the lid shown open. Fig 2 shows the box extended flat, like parts are lettered
with similar letters in both figures. a, a, dd, are tags, which fit into
orifices a, a, d, dh, h¹, f, g, i, are hinges formed by bending the metal over a
pin E is the lid-B the bottom-C, C, D and A sides.
In witness whereof we the said Alfred Wells and Frank Fleischmann have
hereunto set our hands and seals this fourth day of February A.D. 1884.
תת תדז!
VENTILATING WATERPROOF OVERCOATS OR MACINTOSHES IMPROVED MEANS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hermann Sax at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th January 1883.
HERMANN SAX of Spitalfields in the County of Middlesex
OF VENTILATING WATERPROOF OVERCOATS OR MACINTOSHES
IMPROVED MEANS
My Invention relates to improvements in waterproof overcoats or macintoshes
and has for its object to ensure more perfect ventilation than has hitherto been
possible.
Indiarubber goods being impermeable both to air and water, it is essential to
the health and comfort of the wearer to provide some adequate means of ventilation,
especially at the upper part of the body. Whereas attempts have been made to
ventilate the back by a few small holes covered by a cape like flap to prevent
them disfiguring the garment, but such means of ventilation have been more
apparent than real and effectual as the little warm air that could make its way
through these holes could not escape freely from beneath the cape like flap.
Now my Invention consists first in inserting in a large aperture made or left in
the back of the garment on the shoulders, a peculiar fabric affording the maximum
of ventilation combined with the necessary strength to prevent the garment being
distorted by wear; and in covering and concealing this ventilating surface with a
cape like flap or hood open at bottom and having a through exit at top at the nape
of the neck so that fresh air can circulate freely through at all times, thus ensuring
adequate ventilation.
The ventilating fabric of iny Invention is manufactured of tapes or bands of any
suitable fabric or material interlaced with one another or reticulated in such way
that apertures of greater or less size are left between them, the tapes or bands
being secured in position at the points where they cross one another by metallic
eyelets inserted and clenched through the two or more thicknesses of material,
these eyelets themselves forming likewise so many additional apertures for
ventilation. A piece of reticulated fabric thus made is inserted in the aperture
left in the garment and is secured by sewing and cementing in the ordinary way
of making such goods.
The Invention further consists in providing the garment with ventilators having
a bellows like action, produced by the movement of the wearers arms whereby &
forced current of air is maintained so long as the wearer is walking.

page_text: Thése ventilators are constructed of pieces of the same reticulated fabric inserted
in apertures made in the garment beneath the arms and covered by hoods having
expanding gusset like sides and provided with means of attaching said hoods to
the sleeves of the garment so that they are caused to partake in the movement of
the sleeves and to open and shut as the arms swing to and fro. Or if a forced
current of air is not desired, the hoods may be disconnected from the sleeves and
are then held by indiarubber springs sufficiently close to the reticulated fabric to
prevent the latter being visible without however preventing the free circulation of
à natural current of air therethrough.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLASPS OR SNAPS FOR BRACELETS, NECKLETS, AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Burgess at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th January 1883.
THOMAS BURGESS of Birmingham in the County of Warwick Jeweller
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CLASPS OR SNAPS FOR BRACELETS, NECKLETS, AND SIMILAR
ARTICLES."
These Improvements consist in forming the tongue portion of the clasp of a flat
piece of metal having a wide slot cut out near to each of its side edges; these slots
run from the back of the tongue towards the front edge and terminate with a
circular cutting. Just in front of each of these circular cuttings a short slit, is made
so as to form each of the side edges of the tongue into a spring piece.
To each of these spring pieces is attached a button or knob projecting out
beyond the sides of the bracelet or other article. When the tongue piece is forced
into the catch or mouth piece in the act of fastening the clasp the spring sides give
way until a small indent or notch upon their edges is reached when the spring
sides fly into their normal positions and the notches catch on the edge of the mouth
piece. One or more tooth on the mouth piece may slide in a groove or grooves on
the tongue to keeps the parts in position. Pressure upon the buttons or knobs
releases the catch. Another construction of the clasp or snap is to entirely cut out
the side edges of the tongue to within a short distance of its front edge and insert
in the spaces independant spring pieces.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OR METHOD OF CUTTING AND MAKING UP TROUSERS AND LIKE GARMENTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Maclure, the younger, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th November 1883.
ANDREW MACLURE the younger of Queen Victoria Street in the city of London
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OR METHOD OF CUTTING AND MAKING UP TROUSERS
AND LIKE GARMENTS
The object of this invention is to so manufacture or cut and make up trousers,
breeches and like garments as to permit of the backbody portion being loosened
from the front and band portion with ease and facility when desired.
For the purpose of my invention I add a band varying in depth to the sides of
the front preferably from below the side pockets to the top said band being
carried round the back like that of an ordinary pair of trousers.
The back body portion is cut slightly fuller than usual and has at each side
where it is loose, extension pieces to fit inside the pockets and be there secured by
buttons or other fastenings the upper portion of said back body being also
arranged to button or be otherwise fastened to the band before mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF OBTAINING VOLATILE HYDRO-CARBONS FROM COAL AND SHALE GAS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Drew of Pelham Crescent, South Kensington in
the County of Middlesex for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
OF OBTAINING VOLATILE HYDRO-CARBONS FROM COAL AND SHALE GAS
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Drew at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1883.
EDWIN DREW of Pelham Crescent, South Kensington in the County of
Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF OBTAINING VOLATILE HYDRO-
CARBONS FROM COAL AND SHALE GAS
The Invention has for its object improvements in the method of obtaining
volatile hydro-carbons from coal and shale gas.
Heretofore in the separation of volatile hydro-carbons from coal and shale gas the
gas has been brought into contact with a heavy hydro carbon or other oil and in
order to facilitate the process the gas and heavy hydro-carbon or other oil have,
according to one method of working been reduced to as low a temperature as is
practicable being cooled by means of an air cooler or freezing machine and in
carrying such process of cooling into effect an engine and apparatus were employed
in which air was first compressed then deprived of the heat' acquired by compression
and afterwards allowed to expand in contact with brine or other medium employed
to cool the gas and heavy hydro-carbon oil.
The above described method of working is expensive, complicated and less
effective than the methods of working constituting the subject of my present
Invention.
In extracting light-hydro-carbons from coal or shale gas I in common with
others cause the gas to bubble through or pass in close contact with heavy oil;
but I differ from others in causing the gas to be in a greatly compressed state
while in contact with the heavy oil.

page_text: I compress the gas preferably to a pressure equivalent at the least to that
indicated by about three inches of mercury and this may be effected partly by
forcing the gas through a greater depth of oil in one or more columns than
heretofore and partly by choking its exit from the oil vessel or vessels, other
suitable means may however be employed.
Such compression of course makes the gas hot and I therefore prefer to make
it travel through a considerable length of pipe from the compressing engine to the
oil vessels or through other apparatus so that in transit the hot compressed gas
may be as far as practicable deprived of its acquired heat.
If however it be desired to cool the gas below the temperature of the air
previous to its passage through the heavy oil or when in contact therewith I after
compressing the gas and depriving it as far as is practicable of its acquired heat
allow it to expand in presence of the heavy oil or before entering the oil vessel,
such expanded gas being then at a temperature considerably below that of the air
but still retaining sufficient elastic force to carry it through the column of heavy
oil, or otherwise in contact therewith.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING SHIPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Gilchrist and John Barr at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1883.
DAVID GILCHRIST, of Pollockshields, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
and JOHN BARR, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain, IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING SHIPS
"
"
This Invention has principally for its object to provide for the ventilation of
ships apparatus which can be made to act powerfully, efficiently, and rapidly,
whenever required for exhausting foul air or noxious gases from the holds or other
internal parts; whilst the improved apparatus may also be arranged and worked
so as to promote continuous ventilation either by an exhausting or by an injecting
action or by both.
In one modification the improved apparatus is applied at or near a discharge
outlet which may be in the form of a swivelling hood or cowl connected to a trunk
or passage leading from the hold, stoke hole, coal bunkers, engine room, cabin, or
other internal part of the ship. The power employed is that of steam which is
applied in a kind of compound ejector. This ejector is made with a central
passage through it for the air or other gas and with an annular chamber to which
the steam is supplied by a pipe and the steam issues from the chamber by an
adjustable annular jet orifice and acting on the air or gas impels it through the
central passage. A central jet or stream of combined steam and air or gas is thus
formed and this jet acts on a larger volume of air or gas which can pass between
the outside of the ejector and the inner sides of the passage the ejector occupying.
only the central part of the passage. By this means a strong current of air or
gas is made to flow outwards and to be exhausted from the internal space with
which the apparatus communicates
In ships having tubular masts these may be availed of as discharge passages,
being formed with one or more openings below the deck for receiving the air or
gas directly or through pipes from any internal parts. For applying the ejectors
a door is fitted to each tubular mast just above the deck and one or more of the
ejectors is introduced thereat,-
.ru
Two or more of the steam-ejectors may be fitted to one discharge outlet; and one
discharge outlet may be arranged to ventilate two or more separate spaces. Thus
in one convenient arrangement for general ventilation a casing or chest may be -

page_text: L
placed upon the deck, and have leading into it pipes from various saloons, cabins,
rooms or other spaces. each pipe being if desired fitted with a separate regulating
valve. The casing or chest will be constructed with one or more discharge funnels
and a number of the steam ejectors will be placed so as to direct currents outwards
through the funnel or funnels. one or more of the ejectors being worked according
to the strength of current desired at any time.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING LEATHER AND TANNED HIDES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st December 1883.
A communication from Gustav Levinstein of Wiesbaden Germany.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt
& G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin Germany. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING LEATHER AND TANNED HIDES.'
(A communication from Gustav Levinstein of Wiesbaden, Germany)
44
"
According to this invention the leather is impregnated with a soluble chemical
compound which with alkalies or other chemical substances produces a precipitate
which is insoluble in water. The leather may thus for instance be impregnated
with a solution of muriate or sulphate of zinc or acetate of lead oxide or sulphate
of aluminum or alum, and the impregnated leather then drawn through a soda
solution. Or the leather may be impregnated with solutions of sugar of lead or
chlorbarium or chlorcalcium or similar compound and then drawn through a dilute
solution of sulphuric acid; or instead of the sulphuric acid certain sulphate
compounds may be used such as white sulphate of aluminum.
The impregnation is effected by dipping the leather in the solutions. The leather
has thus to pass through two baths, viz, one in which the leather is impregnated,
and another through which the white precipitate is produced on the leather.
The leather has to pass alternately through these baths as often as required until
the desired shade is attained. The bleaching being completed the leather is rinsed
out in water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES OR ALBUMS FOR RENDERING THEM CAPABLE OF CONTAINING CRYSTOLEUM PAINTINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lucy Wise at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1883.
LUCY WISE of Clifton near the City and County of Bristol
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN RECEPTACLES OR ALBUMS FOR RENDERING THEM CAPABLE OF CONTAINING
CRYSTOLEUM PAINTINGS
37
My Invention has for its object to provide a receptacle or album for containing
crystoleum paintings-The said paintings when made upon bevilled or convex
glasses have hitherto not been capable of being inserted into albums of ordinary
construction According to my Invention I form the pages or flaps of the album
constituting the receptacles for the paintings as follows:-I make them in three
portions videlicet, a front or protecting portion of a thickness corresponding to
the thickness of the raised portion of the glass or the extent or quickness of the
curve or bevel; secondly of a mid-portion of about the thickness of the substance
of the edge of the glass; and thirdly of a back portion-Openings of any convenient
or suitable shape are cut through the three portions-The opening in the front
portion is less than that in the mid-portion and back portion,-the opening in the
mid-portion being of or about the size and shape of the glass of the painting-The
opening in the back portion is of a size larger than this and is provided with a
flap or retaining piece-It will thus be seen owing to the relative sizes of the
openings that when the painting is inserted into the receptacle at the back thereof
on the flap or retaining piece being fastened down to the mid-portion the said
painting is retained in position at front by the edge or rim of the front portion
and at back by the flap or retaining piece whilst the depth or thickness of the
front portion effectually protects the glass of the painting from injury
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE WICKS AND IN THE METHOD APPARATUS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 18th June 1883. Communicated to him
from abroad by La Société Joly et Compagnie of Paris, France Manufacturers
JOHN IMRAY of No: 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex. IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE WICKS AND IN THE METHOD
APPARATUS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE" [communicated to him from abroad by
La Société Joly et Compagnie of Paris, France Manufacturers]
"
AND
In the Specification to Letters Patent dated the 15th January 1881 N° 209 are
described candle wicks having a straight core or cores surrounded by woven or
plaited fibres. It has been found that by making one of the strands hollow a
much better effect is produced, and this invention consists in the use of such a
wick and in the method and apparatus for its manufacture. For this purpose, one
of the bobbins of the plaiting machine has fixed at its top a flexible wire or rod
which bends up therefrom so as to enter the vertical guide along with the plaiting
strands and to extend some distance up the guide. As the plaiting proceeds this
wire or rod serves as a mandril round which the convolutions of the strands are
formed, and thus the wick, as it issues from the guide, has at one side of it a
hollow corresponding with the space occupied by the mandril during the plaiting.
AN IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE COLLAR CLIP FOR RETAINING NECK TIES OR SCARFS IN THE PROPER POSITION.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Hogg at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1883.
ADAM HOGG, of the Firm of M'Intyre, Hogg & Co, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, "AN IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE COLLAR CLIP FOR RETAINING NECK
TIES OR SCARFS IN THE PROPER POSITION.
"
My Invention relates to an improved device for securing or retaining a neck scarf
or tie to, or upon, the collar with which it is to be worn, the said device being so
made that the tie or scarf may be readily placed in position or removed when
requir e
The said device is made somewhat in the form of the letter S and is flattened
so that there shall be no inconveniently projecting parts. The lower turned up
part of the device is designed to extend upward inside the collar from the lower
edge thereof, and the upper turned down part is thus in a proper position outside
the collar to receive the scarf or tie and prevent its getting up beyond the bent
over portion of the clip. It will be seen that the said device or clip may be
readily attached to any collar by inserting the lower edge of the latter between
the lower turned up portion and the body of the clip, and that the said device may
be adjusted to any part of the collar with the greatest possible facility.
The said device may be made of metal or of any other suitable material
IMPROVEMENT OF SCREWS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hjalmar Johan Gabriel Hallström Engineer, of Köping,
in the Kingdom of Sweden for an Invention of IMPROVEMENT OF SCREWS
LETTERS PATENT to Hjalmar Johan Gabriel Hallström Engineer, of Köping,
in the Kingdom of Sweden for an Invention of IMPROVEMENT OF SCREWS
FOR WOOD OR WHAT IS COMMONLY CALLED "WOODSCREWS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hjalmar Johan Gabriel
Hallström at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th May
1883.
HJALMAR JOHAN GABRIEL HALLSTRÖM, Engineer of Köping in the Kingdom
of Sweden IMPROVEMENT OF SCREWS FOR WOOD OR WHAT IS COMMONLY CALLED
WOODSCREWS.'
"
"
My invention relates to improvements in wood screws made of iron or other
metal and is applicable in the manufacture of various kinds of woodscrews formed
by cutting suitable threads in round rods or pieces of iron or other metal provided
with heads.
According to my invention in the process of manufacturing such screws I by
some convenient means remove the whole or part of the superfluous and impeditive
material from the unthreaded portion or neck of the screw situate between the
thread and the head, thereby reducing the said portion or neck of the screw to
about the same diameter as the root of the thread.
Wood screws manufactured in this way present the following advantages as
compared with ordinary wood screws in which the threads are formed by cutting
away the intervening metal: 1st. the disproportion that obtains in all such screws
between the strength of the threaded portion and that of the unthreaded portion
of the screw is obviated;-2nd., for the larger sizes of screws and hard kinds of
wood only one auger need be used in boring the hole for the screw; 3rd., my
Price 211

page_text: screws are easier to screw in and take out, and do not split the wood when
screwed in without previous boring, but yet are of equal holding power; 4th., the
head becomes larger in relation to the neck and also stronger when the conjunction
with the screw is made rounded; 5th., my improved screws are lighter in weight;
and 6th., they can be used for several purposes for which nails and spikes are at
present employed in preference to ordinary screws.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Livesey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd January 1883.
JAMES LIVESEY of N° 9 Victoria Chambers, Westminster in the County of
Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING RAILWAY
CARRIAGES
"
My Invention relates to means of securing an ample supply of pure air to the
On either
interior of railway carriages, which I effect in the following manner.
side or at both sides of the carriage I fix a casing projecting beyond the side and
having its front and rear sides made of perforated metal or open fabric or grating.
Within the case automatic valves are arranged so that whatever be the direction
of movement of the carriage the front side is open for access of air and the rear
side is closed. From this casing an air channel extends down to a space below the
floor of the carriage which has its lower part occupied by water and has several
porous screens across it, and from this space air channels lead to openings in
convenient parts of the ceiling or sides of the carriage. The air entering the
external casing with certain pressure due to the forward velocity of the carriage,
in passing through the space at the bottom becomes sifted and washed and in a
pure condition enters the carriage so that the doors and windows can be kept closed
against access of dust or wet. Valves may be arranged in the air channels to
regulate the flow as desired.
PRESERVING MILK, CREAM, OR OTHER ORGANIC FLUIDS
Year: 1883

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by Robert Hornby at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1883.
ROBERT HORNBY of 150 High Street Notting Hill in the County of Middlesex
Dairyman PRESERVING MILK, CREAM, OR OTHER ORGANIC FLUIDS
"
The milk, cream, or other organic fluid is condensed by evaporation in vacuo at
a temperature of from 212 to 250 degrees Fahrenheit-this is done by any of the
well known methods now in use-The milk is condensed by this means to about
one fourth of its original bulk.
The milk cream or other organic fluid when condensed is poured into glass or
metal vessels which admit of being bermetically sealed.-I prefer to use glass
bottles fitted with screw stoppers the screw of the stopper being made air tight by
means of a small ring of India rubber which is compressed between the neck of
the bottle and the stopper. In the centre of the stopper there may be a small pin
hole leading into the bottle-The use of this is to provide an escape for the steam
in the course of the process hereinafter described or for the same purpose the screw
stopper may be left slightly open-I arrange the bottles or tins full of the
condensed milk in an iron or other suitable vessel capable of holding steam at a
pressure of from 10 pounds to 50 pounds to the square inch. Steam having been
generated in a separate boiler and connection having been arranged between the
boiler and the vessel containing the bottles or tins in the ordinary way. I close
the vessel containing the bottles or tins of milk and admit the steam.
The temperature of the steam varies with the pressure although any pressure
above 5 pounds to the square inch is sufficient to carry out the operation. I find
that a pressure of from 30 pounds to 40 pounds performs the operation in the
most rapid and satisfactory manner.
The bottles or tins being by this means raised to a temperature considerably
over boiling point are maintained under the influence of the steam for a period of
twenty minutes or thereabouts. I then turn off the steam and open the vessel
containing the bottles or tins and I so soon as practicable seal the pin holes in
the stoppers hereinbefore mentioned by means of a drop of sealing wax-or I
firmly screw down the stoppers in the event of there being no pin holes-In the
case where tins are used a small hole is left in each tin which may after steaming
be filled with ordinary solder,

page_text: Having described the nature of my invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed-I declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure
by Letters Patent is :-
The preservation of milk cream or other ordinary fluids by heating the same by
means of steam under pressure substantially as hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof I the said Robert Hornby have hereunto set my hand and
seal this 23rd day of November 1883.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN FRAMES FOR PHOTOGRAPHS AND OTHER PICTURES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederic Cooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1883.
JOHN FREDERIC COOKE, of 6 Oxford Court, Cannon Street, London IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FRAMES FOR PHOTOGRAPHS AND OTHER PICTURES
It is especially adapted to cases where the photograph or picture is seen through
a piece of plate or other glass having a bevilled edge, and nothing outside such
bevilled edge; but it can also be readily adapted to other styles of frames. To
hold the photograph or picture against the glass, I take a flat sheet of metal or
other suitable substance of the size required and I so bend over two of the edges
opposite to one another that the said sheet of metal or other substance will slide
over two of the edges of the glass and so hold the photograph or picture securely
against the back of the glass through which the photograph or picture is seen.
The edges so bent over, being seen when the photograph or picture is looked at
through the glass, are not necessarily left visible along the whole of those sides of
the frame, but the edges so turned over may be in parts cut away provided
enough of them is left to hold well on to the edges of the glass. I also vary the
shape of the metal or other substance where it is turned over in such way as to
make it ornamental. The frame thus made stands by means of a projecting
strut or foot attached to this back in the ordinary way in which a foot or strut is
attached
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COMBINED STEAM AND HOT-AIR GENERATOR
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Turnbull at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th May 1883.
WILLIAM TURNBULL of N°
School Road Villa-New Hampton in the County
of Middlesex Engineer-" AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COMBINED STEAM AND
HOT-AIR GENERATOR
"
The object of this invention is genérating Hot-air for subsequent heating or
power driving purposes by a combination of tubular receptacles, flues, and pumps
in which the waste heat from the furnace of a Steam boiler will be utilized for
heating air in a second receptacle or vessel combined and connected with the said
steam generator such second vessel or receptacle being supplied with compressed
air forced therein by suitably arranged pumps.
When carrying my invention into practice I employ by preference a duplex
tubular boiler to which I connect tubular receptacles or vessels somewhat similar
to the boilers employed for generating Steam with this exception, that in place of
a furnace for heating the said second receptacle or vessel they are filled with tubes
which form thoroughfares to the flue through which the heat escaping from the
steam boiler furnace pass.
Above the second tubular air heating receptacles, and in direct communication
there with I superpose a cylindrical chamber or vessel which I call the compressed
air cooler, this chamber or vessel is filled with tubes in manner similar to that of
the air heating vessel through which cold water is caused to flow. This superposed
cooling chamber or vessel is provided with an inlet pipe connected to the supply
thoroughfare of an air pump or pumps. These pumps are first started and worked
by an Engine driven by the steam generated in the steam boiler. The valves of
the said pump or pumps are so loaded that the air pumped will before escaping be
compressed in which state it passes through the outlet valves into the cooler
before mentioned where its volumn and pressure is maintained and its heat
considerably reduced. From this cooling receptacle the compressed air flows
through suitable passages into the second tubular heating receptacles heated by

page_text: the waste gases escaping through the tubes of the same from the furnace of the
Steam-boiler in the manner before described, when in this second heating receptacle
or chamber the compressed air receives a higher temperature and increased volumn
in which condition it flows in manner similar to that of steam from a steam boiler
through suitable thoroughfares to be used separately; or in conjunction with steam
for Heating or for Power driving purposes
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aspden Pickup Dickinson and James
Conlong at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November
1883.
ASPDEN PICKUP DICKINSON of Blackburn in the County of Lancaster Machine
Maker and JAMES CONLONG of the same place Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING "
The object of our Invention is to stop the loom automatically when a float or
break in the cloth occurs
-
In performing our Invention we employ a bar of metal preferably secured to the
temple brackets at each side of the loom: a strip of thin steel or other metal with
saw teeth on its lower edge is bent over the upper side and rests on the metal bar
on which it is free to slide and is guided by a pin and slot: one end of this strip
of metal is extended and rivetted or pinned to the end of a light lever, which is
pivoted to a bracket fixed under the breast beam or in other convenient place.
The light lever is bent and it lies against the weft hammer lever in such manner
that the to and fro motion of the latter gives a slight oscillating movement to the
light lever which is thus communicated to the metal strip and causes it to traverse
on the bar.
A needle or finger is secured to the light lever and its upper end is bent and lies
over the weft fork.
The lower or toothed edge of the strip of steel lies with its teeth immediately
over and close to the cloth at the point where the weft is put in: at each revolution
of the loom the strip is caused to traverse to and fro; in one direction the traverse
is positive and the saw teeth are made so that they will not catch or hold the
cloth: but when' the strip moves in the other direction any obstruction such as a
float or break in the cloth catches the saw teeth and prevents the strip traversing
and the end of the finger or needle comes in the way of the weft fork and prevents
it rising when acted on by the weft and the loom is thus stopped by the ordinary
weft stop motion.
TUBE EXPANDERS WITH SELF EXPANDING ROLLER-BOXES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gustav Lohf at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th January 1883.
GUSTAV LOHF, of Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, "TUBE
EXPANDERS WITH SELF EXPANDING ROLLER-BOXES,"
The principle of this new tube expander consists in providing every roller,
preferably three, with a separate casing, which casings are so connected or linked
together as to form an expansible mechanism. If this triple roller-casing is
introduced into a tube and a conical mandrel driven between the rollers, a uniform
concentric expansion is effected, and the tube tightened by simultaneously turning
the said casing.
In tube expanders moved by screwing, instead of by percussion, a nut is screwed
on the mandrel or spindle behind the conical part of the mandrel and connected
with each roller casing by a link. Or the tube expander may be attached to the
tube, the screw spindle being passed through the conical mandrel, which is
surrounded by a hexagonal frame carrying the roller casings. Outside the mandrel
the screw spindle carries a nut, over a flange of which fits a cap screwed on a
sleeve placed between the mandrel and the nut.
IMPROVED PROCESSES FOR THE SEPARATION OF LIME FROM CRUDE PHOSPHATES AND FROM SOLUTIONS USED IN THEIR TREATMENT
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Farris Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Emil Winkelhofer of Neusitschein in the Empire of
Austria.
"
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake and Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings London IMPROVED PROCESSES FOR THE SEPARATION OF
LIME FROM CRUDE PHOSPHATES AND FROM SOLUTIONS USED IN THEIR TREATMENT"
[A communication to him from abroad by Emil Winkelhofer of Neusitschein in the
Empire of Austria]
This Invention relates to the elimination or separation of lime from raw or crude
phosphates containing the same or carbonate of lime, and from solutions used in the
treatment of the said phosphates.
The chief object of the said Invention is to increase the percentage of phosphates
in phosphatic materials which contain lime or carbonate of lime, by the employment
of a solution of sugar for eliminating the lime.
"
By "raw or crude phosphates are to be understood all artificial or natural
products, (such as the mineral apatite or marlstone,) which contain phosphate of
lime, and the calcareous and phosphatic slags obtained by the well known "Thomas-
Gilchrist steel process" and employed in the manufacture of super-phosphates and
of other materials containing phosphorus and phosphoric acid.
Before treating the raw phosphates which contain the lime, not in the form of
oxide of calcium, but in the form of carbonate of lime, the said phosphates must be
roasted or burnt in order to convert the carbonate of lime into oxide of calcium.
After the extraction of the lime the residue contains a larger proportion of
phosphates than the raw material and is consequently better qualified for manuring
and for the manufacture of phosphates and phosphor, than before it was thus
treated.
The solution of lime in sugar separated from the insoluble residue is then treated
with carbonic acid. In this treatment the carbonic acid combines with the lime,
forming carbonate of lime which is precipitated leaving a solution of sugar more or

page_text: less free from lime, and which may be employed again for the extraction of further
quantities of lime.
The carbonic acid may be of any origin, it may be obtained, for instance, from
the products of combustion proceeding from lime kilns, or from boiler furnaces as is
usual in sugar works.
The sugar may be employed in any of its cheapest forms such as sirup, molasses,
treacle, or the juice of beet-root.