IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Joicey at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd February 1881.
THOMAS JOICEY, of Gateshead on Tyne, in the County of Durham, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
My Invention relates to certain improvements in steam boilers, having special
reference to vertical boilers, the object being to increase the evaporative efficiency
and to facilitate access for cleaning and repairs.
I construct the shell of the boiler in the usual manner, forming a cylindrical case.
The furnace I construct of the form of two truncated cones meeting at their smaller
diameters, the lower portion of the bottom cone carrying the grate bars, the firing
hole being constructed between the shell and the furnace in the usual manner.
The upper. cone, which is reversed, has a circular plate rivetted into its upper end,
which forms the roof of the furnace, and from this two or more flues pass through
the water and steam space to the top of the shell, so arranged as to cause the flame
and gases to seek the sides of the cone on their way to the flues. In certain cases
the arrangement of the flues may be varied to suit peculiar requirements leading
out through the side of the furnace, or. by one central pipe through the roof, or the
gases may be conveyed to the chimney through a number of small tubes passing
from the roof of the furnace as a tube plate, and into another tube plate formed by
the top of the boiler shell.
The upper cone of the furnace is fitted with water tubes from its sides to the
roof to promote circulation. These water tubes and the flues or small tubes act
also as stays to the crown of the furnace and the top of boiler shell. The double
cone shaped furnace provides at the junction of the two cones a large annular
space sufficient to admit a man between the shell and the furnace for the purposes
of cleaning, examination, and repairing, a man-hole being formed at this part for
Or to avoid this additional man-hole a space may be formed by curving
inward a portion of the top part of the upper cone sufficient to allow a man to
pass down from the steam and water space into the enlarged annular space.
access.

page_text: When applied to vertical boilers of great length, as used over forge or mill
furnaces, the fire tube may be formed of a series of cones the entire length, or to
any portion of the length, a plain flue or flues completing the tube. Each junction
of a pair of cones will form an annular space accessible by man-holes where
considered desirable, or the circle of the larger diameter of each cone may be
curved inward, as before described, to allow access for a man so as to avoid extra
man-holes. To promote circulation, increase the heating surface, and also to
strengthen the fire tube, diagonal water tubes are intended to be inserted into it at
intervals running from one side of each cone to the opposite side of the next cone,
joining it and crossing each other.
This construction of furnace may be applied also to Cornish, Lancashire, or
similar horizontal boilers by modifications which are quite obvious, and may in
particular cases be found desirable for such boilers.
In boilers of the locomotive type the upper cone of the furnace is made with one
flat side forming a tube plate, from which the tubes lead horizontally through the
barrel of the boiler. This modification leaves still a clear space for access round
the furnace at the junction of the two cones.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Joicey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd
August 1881.
THOMAS JOICEY, of Gateshead on Tyne, in the County of Durham, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
My Invention relates to certain improvements in steam boilers, having special
reference to vertical boilers, the object being to increase the evaporative efficiency
and to facilitate access for cleaning and repairs.
case.
I construct the shell of the boiler in the usual manner, forming a cylindrical
The furnace I construct of the form of two truncated cones, meeting at their
smaller diameters, the lower portion of the bottom cone carrying the grate bars,
the firing hole being constructed between the shell and the furnace in the usual
manner. The upper cone, which is reversed, has a circular plate rivetted into
its upper end, which forms the roof of the furnace, and from this two or more flues
pass through the water and steam space to the top of the shell, so arranged as to
cause the flame and gases to seek the sides of the cone on their way to the flues.
In certain cases the arrangement of the flues may be varied to suit peculiar
requirements leading out through the side of the furnace, or by one central pipe
through the roof, or the gases may be conveyed to the chimney through a number
of small tubes passing from the roof of the furnace as a tube plate, and into another
tube plate formed by the top of the boiler shell.
The upper cone of the furnace is fitted with water tubes from its sides to the
roof to promote circulation. These water tubes and the flues or small tubes act
also as stays to the crown of the furnace and the top of boiler shell. The double
cone shaped furnace provides at the junction of the two cones a large annular
space sufficient to admit a man between the shell and the furnace for the purposes
of cleaning, examination, and repairing, a manhole being formed at this part for
access. Or to avoid this additional manhole a space may be formed by curving
inward a portion of the top part of the upper cone sufficient to allow a man to pass
down from the steam and water space into the enlarged annular space.
When applied to vertical boilers of great length, as used over forge or mill
furnaces, the fire tube may be formed of a series of cones the entire length, or to
any portion of the length, a plain flue or flues completing the tube. Each junction
of a pair of cones will form an annular space accessible by manholes where
considered desirable. To promote circulation, increase the heating surface, and
also to strengthen the fire tube, diagonal water tubes are intended to be inserted
into it at intervals, running from one side of each cone to the opposite side of the
next cone, joining it and crossing each other.
.or
This construction of furnace may be applied also to Cornish, Lancashire,
similar horizontal boilers by modifications which are quite obvious, and may in
particular cases be found desirable for such boilers.
In boilers of the locomotive type, the upper cone of the furnace is made with
one flat side forming a tube plate from which the tubes lead horizontally through
the barrel of the boiler. This modification leaves still a clear space for access
round the furnace at the junction of the two cones.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figures 1 and 14, 2, 24, and 2B, and 3 and 34, illustrate the principal forms of
boilers constructed according to my Invention. Figure 1 shews a vertical section,
and Figure 14, a plan (in section through the line a, b, of Figure 1) of an upright
boiler. A is the cylindrical shell; B, the fire-box or furnace; C, C, the flues;
D, D, D, D, the circulation tubes, also forming stays; E and E', the manholes for
access above and around the fire-box; F, the firing hole; and G, the line of fire-
bars. The manhole E¹ may be dispensed with in certain cases where the upper

page_text: cone of the fire box is formed, as shewn, by the dotted line on plan with a curved
indentation to allow access from above.
Figures 2, 24, and 2B, shew a boiler with horizontal tubes leading from the
upper portion of the fire-box, suitable for marine purposes specially, but adapted
also for other boilers.
Figure 2 is a vertical section; Figure 24, a plan in section; and Figure 2B, an
end view. A and A¹ are the vertical and horizontal portions of the shell; B and B¹
are the lower and upper cones forming the fire box or furnace, the upper cone B¹
having one flat side to form a tube plate D, into which are fixed the ends of the
tubes C, the other ends being fixed into another tube plate D¹, which forms the
end of the barrel shell A¹. On to the tube plate D¹ is bolted a flame box E
protected by fire brick lining and baffle plates as may be required.
F are the flues leading from the flame box E through the steam space of the
barrel A¹, and over the top of the fire-box into a smoke-box G bolted on to the
vertical shell A; H, H, H, H, are circulation tubes, also forming stays; J is a
manhole for access to annular space formed at junction of the two cones B and B¹;
K is the firing hole, and L, the furnace grate. It will be observed that the vertical
portion of the shell A being carried above the horizontal portion A' forms a very
capacious steam chamber.
Figures 3 and 3ª shew a vertical boiler adapted to be placed over a forge or mill
furnace, or other like purposes. A, the shell; B is the lower cone; C, C, the upper
cones, forming together the fire tube or flue; F is the continuation of the same;
D, D, are the circulation tubes; E, E³, and E2 are manholes for access to the spaces
at junctions of the cones, and to the upper portion of boiler. As named in describing
Figures 1 and 14, the manholes E' and E² may be dispensed with in certain cases
by forming a similar curved indentation to that there described.
The application of my Invention to Cornish or to Lancashire boilers is effected
in a similar manner, the furnace being formed in the first cone or in the first two
cones, the remainder of the fire tubes or flues being formed altogether of cones,
or only for a portion of their length, finishing with a parallel portion at the back
end.
Having now described and illustrated my Invention, and the manner in which
I propose to carry it into practical application, I declare what I consider novel and
secured to me by Letters Patent to be,-
Firstly. The construction of boiler furnaces formed of two truncated cones
joined together at their smaller diameters, substantially as shewn and described.
Secondly. The construction of boiler flues either in part or wholly of truncated
cones joined together at their smaller diameters, substantially as shewn and
described.
Thirdly. In boilers having furnaces constructed of truncated cones, the arrange-
ment of flame box, flues, circulation tubes, manholes (or other means of access) to
the spaces between the cones, substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Joicey, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty second day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
T. J. DANSON,
Consulting Engineer & Patent Agent,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings,
Newcastle on Tyne.
THOMAS JOICEY. (L.S.)