Improvements in Windlasses and the like.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Nov., 182-Accepted, 14th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Windlasses and the like.
I, MORIZ KOHN of Pilsen in the Empire of Austria, Professor do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to that description of windlasses and similar hauling
apparatus in which the winding power is not exerted through a worm wheel, and
which consequently afford the greatest amount of useful effect possible with such
apparatus.
My invention relates to the combination with such hauling apparatus, of an
automatically acting brake device that shall prevent the unintentional sinking of
the load, and which consists in the employment of a tubular friction shaft fitted
upon the driving shaft or on a transmission shaft receiving motion therefrom, which
tubular shaft has its outer surface working in frictional bearings that are subject to
the pressure of the load, so as to produce such a frictional resistance proportional to
the load as shall prevent the unintentional descent of the latter. The tubular shaft
is connected with the driving shaft passing through it by means of ratchet gear or
other equivalent device, so arranged that for winding up the load, the driving shaft
can revolve freely in the tubular shaft without carrying this with it and consequently
without producing frictional resistance, while when rotating in the contrary
direction it is forced to carry the tubular shaft round with it, thus producing
frictional resistance.
In applying this invention to pulley blocks arranged with hauling gear, the
frictional bearings of the tubular shaft are constituted on the one hand by an eye
of 'the suspension hook which embraces it at its middle, and by eyes on the
suspended block cheeks that support the pulley of the load chain or rope, and
which embrace the two ends of the tubular shaft, so that the friction in such
bearings is rendered proportional to the load.
When applying the invention to windlasses in which the chain or rope carrying
the load may pass from the chain barrel at varying angles, the chain is made to
pass always in one and the same direction from the barrel by leading it first over
an auxiliary guide roller pulley, from which it can then pass at a varying angle
without affecting the before described action of the loaded barrel suspended by side
cheeks from the tubular friction shaft.
זה כד
0 IMDA V
ABEL & IMDAV
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Windlasses and the like.
I, MORIZ KOHN, of Pilsen, in the Empire of Austria, Professor, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be.
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to that description of windlasses and similar hauling
apparatus in which the winding power is not exerted through a worm wheel, and
which consequently afford the greatest amount of useful effect possible with such
apparatus.
My invention relates to the combination with such 'hauling apparatus, of an
automatically acting brake device that shall prevent the unintentional sinking of
the load, and which consists in the employment of a tubular friction shaft fitted upon

page_text: the driving shaft or on a transmission shaft receiving motion therefrom, which
tubular shaft has its outer surface working in frictional bearings that are subject
to the pressure of the load so as to produce such a frictional resistance proportional
to the load as shall prevent the unintentional descent of the latter. The tubular
shaft is connected with the driving shaft passing through it by means of ratchet
gear or other equivalent device, so arranged that for winding up the load, the
driving shaft can revolve freely in the tubular shaft without carrying this with it
and consequently without producing frictional resistance, while when rotating in
the contrary direction it is forced to carry the tubular shaft round with it, thus
producing frictional resistance.
The accompanying drawings shew by way of example some of the various modes
in which my invention can be carried into effect.
Fig. 1 shews a sectional front view and Fig. 2 a cross section of a pulley-block
with hauling gear with my invention applied thereto.
In this construction the load chain passing from the fixed end h, is led round a
suspended pulley or block and round the pulley or barrel a, from which a loop of
any required length hangs down, having its other end fixed at /. The axis a¹ of
the pulley a is carried by cheeks bb having eyes b₁ fitting loose on the hollow
shaft 6, which is supported at its middle by the eye d' of the suspending hook d.
The axis a carries an internal toothed wheel e with which gears a pinion fixed on
a shaft g passing through the hollow shaft c, which forms the bearing for 9. Он
the other end of g is fixed the sprocket wheel i round which passes the hauling
chain j. The sprocket wheel i is formed with an internal ratchet ring into which
take pawls carried by a flange c' on the hollow shaft e the pawls being so arranged
as to allow shaft g to revolve independently of the shaft c in the direction for
raising the load.
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From this construction it will be seen that when the load is being raised by the
rotation of the sprocket wheel i, the shaft g, revolving freely in shaft will
rotate tea and a so as to raise the load, the pawls k, sliding over the ratchet
teeth during that time, as the shaft c will resist rotation owing to the frictional
resistance of its outer surface in the eyes and d¹. When the pull on the hauling
chain is discontinued however, the tendency of the suspended load to sink will be
resisted by the fact that the shaft in rotating in the contrary direction would be
geared with the shaft c through the ratchet teeth and pawls k, and would
consequently have to carry a round with it. The rotation of c in the eyes 'b' d'
however would produce a frictional resistance equal to 2 Qf, if be the coefficient
of friction, and Q the load, because the load is suspended from c by the eyes b¹ b¹,
while c transmits the same pressure to the eye d¹.
If therefore the diameter of c be so proportioned that the moment of friction at
the circumference of c is greater than the moment of rotation exercised in the
contrary direction by the load Q, then no sinking of the latter can take place.
The connection between shafts g and c in the one direction may of course, be
effected by any other suitable known devices, such as frictional ratchet gear and
the like.
Fig. 3 shews a diagram view of another construction, in which the framing d of
the hauling gear is supposed to be carried by a fixed support, the tubular shaft c
being supported in bearings thereon. The load pulley or barrel a being in this
case of comparatively large diameter, it is necessary to increase the action of the
load upon the shaft c for producing the necessary frictional resistance. For this
purpose the barrel a is carried by end of a lever frame which fits with eyes b¹
upon the tubular shaft and which takes a bearing with its end 6' against the
framing d. i is, as before a sprocket wheel on the shaft g connected to c by ratchet
gear, and carrying the pinion gearing with the spur wheel e on the axis of the
barrel a.
The action is otherwise precisely the same as before described.
Fig. 4 shews the application of the invention to hauling gear in which the chain
or rope n carrying the load may pass away at varying angles as in the case of
winches &c.

page_text: As in this case it is essential that the frictional resistance of the tubular shaft
shall remain constant, and independent of the angle at which the loaded chain or
rope may pass away, the chain or rope coming from the load pulley or barrel a is
led over a guide pulley or drum / carried in fixed bearings on the framing d. The
load barrel a is suspended by checks b from the tubular shaft c as in the first
described arrangement. The rotation is supposed to be effected by a crank
.handle.
The arrangement shewn at Fig. 5 is suitable for travelling cranes and the like,
where the load is suspended from a pulley or sheave m.
The load barrel a is in this case carried in fixed bearings in the framing d, and
the requisite frictional resistance to the rotation of the tubular shaft c is in this
case produced by connecting the free end of the load chain n to the lever o of a
break strapp that passes round an enlargement of the shaft c, or it may be a
break drum fixed thereon.. Thus one half the load being suspended from the
lever o, this will apply the break strap to the disc or drum c' with sufficient friction
to prevent the shaft c from turning in the direction for allowing the load to sink.
is as before the sprocket wheel fixed to the shaft g, which revolves free in the
shaft c in the direction for raising the load, but is geared therewith when rotated
in the contrary direction, as before described.
It will be seen from the above description of the arrangements at Figs. 1 to 4
that firstly the friction on the periphery of the tubular shaft is produced at two
opposite parts thereof and is consequently produced by a pressure equal to double
that due to the load on such shaft; and secondly that the load on the tubular shaft
may vary from a fraction of the load raised to a multiple of such load.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In windlasses and similar hauling apparatus, the use of a tubular shaft fitted
upon the driving shaft or on a transmission shaft, and having its surface in frictional
contact with surfaces subject to the action of the load, the said tubular shaft being
so arranged relatively to the driving shaft or transmission shaft that this can
revolve independently thereof for raising the load, but is coupled with the tubular
shaft so as to produce frictional resistance to rotation when the load tends to turn
it in the direction for the descent, substantially as described.
2. In the arrangement of windlass or hauling apparatus referred to in the
preceding claim, arranging the frictional surfaces in which the tubular shaft
works, in such manner that the friction is produced at two opposite parts of its
periphery, and is consequently the double of that due to the load on the shaft,
substantially as described.
3. In windlasses and similar hauling apparatus, the combination of a tubular
shaft working in the frictional surfaces b₁ b' d' that are subject to the pressure of
the load, with a driving shaft g passing through it and connected thereto by ratchet
gear in such manner that on the load tending to descend the shaft g is made to
carry the tubular shaft c round with it, thereby producing a frictional resistance, to
such descent substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1809
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.