A COACH WITH TWO WHEELS ON A NEW CONSTRUCTION AND NEW SPRINGS, WHICH BY BEING FIXED IN A NEW METHOD, WITH THE ADDITION OF NEW BRACES, WOULD SUSTAIN OR CARRY SUCH COACH, OR ANY OTHER COACH, CHARIOT, CHAISE, OR OTHER CARRIAGE MOUNTED UPON TWO WHEELS, WITH GREATER EASE AND SAFETY, AND MIGHT BE DRAWN WITH FEWER HORSES THAN USUAL
Year: 1786

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
MOORE, of Cheapside, in the City of London, Linen Draper, send greeting..
.
.
WHEREAS His present most. Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Thirteenth day of June, in the twenty-sixth year of His
reign, reciting that I, the said Francis Moore, had, by my Petition, humbly
represented unto His said Majesty, that, after much study and trying experi-
ments in mechanics, I had invented "A COACH WITH TWO WHEELS ON A NEW
CONSTRUCTION AND NEW SPRINGS, WHICH BY BEING FIXED IN A NEW METHOD, WITH
THE ADDITION OF NEW BRACES, WOULD SUSTAIN OR CARRY SUCH COACH, OR ANY
OTHER COACH, CHARIOT, CHAISE, OR OTHER CARRIAGE MOUNTED UPON TWO WHEELS,
WITH GREATER EASE AND SAFETY, AND MIGHT BE DRAWN WITH FEWER HORSES THAN
USUAL," and would, as I apprehend, be of great public utility, and praying His
Majesty's Letters Patent for the sole use, benefit, and advantage of my said
Invention within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
for the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent; in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if I, the said Francis
Moore, shall not particularly describe ascertain the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
should utterly cease, determine, and become void, as in and by the said

page_text: Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Francis Moore, in compliance with the
said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by the Plan or particular
thereof hereunder written.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Moore, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of July, in the twenty-sixth year of
the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of
God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and
eighty-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered, being
first duly stampt, in the presence
of us,
JOHN READ.
THOS BURROUGHS.
The Drawing Figure 1, annexed, represents my new two-wheel coach.
mounted upon the carriage complete.
No. 1 is the body, with the door to open behind.
2,2, are the new main or side springs projecting from the axle, being
screwed fast by bolts and nuts going through them and holes in the bed or
upright piece of iron 3, wilded to the axle upon the crank or corner behind
the center of the wheel.
4, 4, the loops or shackles of the body which extend further out than the
shackles of the springs, as in the Drawing, by which means 5, 5, the body, with
the help of my new long braces, hang at liberty, and from its gravity it preserves
and maintains a more perpendicular situation than the body of any carriage
upon
the usual or known construction, because they are all hung with the
loops within or between the points, ends, or shackles of the springs, or stand.
only upon springs projecting from the axles, but without any braces in that.
case, which is necessary, otherwise the body cannot have liberty to swing or
vibrate backwards and forwards like a pendulam, and consequently gravity
cannot have its natural effect. The difference is, that a carriage with two
wheels, with the body hung or suspended upon my new principle, will swing.
forward when a horse draws it up hill, and consequently press heavier upon
his back, and the reverse when the horse goes down hill. Nor will it be.

page_text: the coach box 17, with the cross and splinter bar, rollers, pole, and shafts
and behind is the platform 18, with the side steps 19. In the Drawing they
are represented as let down sideways, and reach unto the foot pavement on
either side of the carriage, and turn up with a board which cover them and
composes a part of the platform on each side, and keep both steps dry; by
this contrivance persons may go up and down on either side, only the door.
opens behind.
The standart or suard 20 is behind the platform. In road or travelling
carriages this fixt platform behind may not be required, especially as no
footman will be wanted to ride thereon, therefore the Drawing Fig. 2 repre-
sents the hind part of the body of a carriage, with the door open and the steps
let down sideways. They fold up on to a platform which with all the steps
turn up, and fall into the recess under the back seat or flap within the door.
For stage or mail coaches, common let-down steps will be sufficient, as
persons may go up and down behind without side steps leading to the foot
pavement.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of July, in the
year of our Lord 1786, the aforesaid Francis Moore came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the
tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and eighty-six.

page_text: affected on any road by receiving, like other two-wheel carriages, a nodding
unpleasant motion from the rough going of the horse, neither will the body
fall or settle proportionably with the shafts should the horse fall; whereas all
other two-wheel carriages press heaviest on the back of the horse in going
down hill, lightest in going up, and in case he falls are more dangerous,
because the body falls or settles equal or in a greater degree than the shafts,
which too many persons have experienced by being thrown out forwards.
6, the extream end of the arm of the axle. At the other end of the arm at
the shoulder, within the nave of the wheel, the axle is cranked backwards
about a foot, and lies flat or horizontal, which causes the bed of the axle to
pass across or under the body about a foot behind the center of the wheel
upon the return of the axle. At the crank or corner stands the bed or
upright piece of iron 3, to which the main springs 2, 2, are made fast to
(as above observed) by the bolts 7, 7, and the nutts.
8, 8, are two wells or holds underneath the body, opening before and
behind for luggage, and a space in the middle between them to prevent their
striking or hitting against the bed of the axle when the whole body vibrates
or swings forwards or backwards. On the outside of these wells 8, 8, are
fastened my new check or body springs 9, 9, which fall or bend down within-
side, and rise up again like hooks on the outside of the collars or long vertical
rollers 10, 10, which run or turn round on the bolts or spindles 11, 11, and
these bolts are sustained by the stays 12, 12, which stays are fastened to the
frame or side of the carriage 13, or the bed of the axle. In the eyes of
these springs 9, 9, the bolt or bar 14, which pass through them and by the
nuts 15, 15, on the outside of the eyes and shoulders within, this bolt 14 is
made fast, and by the springs it is caused to touch or bear against the out-
side of the collars or long rollers 10, 10, which by their running round on
the bolts or spindles 11, 11, the friction is relieved, and the whole body more
easily preserves its gravity, and at the same time it is prevented from striking
or swinging sideways, as the bolt 14 has always either on one side of the
carriage or the other a bearing against the collars 10, 10. The swinging
sideways may be prevented by collar or cross braces as in common carriages,
but then the sudden jolts would not be taken off, nor would the body preserve
its gravity were those collars or cross braces made fast in the usual way; but
mine has freedom, as shewn in the Drawing, by being constructed upon a
new principle.
13 is the carriage side frame or double perch, which is screwed fast to
straps wilded to the under side of the axle, and the hind part is prevented
from settling by the stay 16. Upon the fore part of this carriage 13 is placed