IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND COMPRESSED AIR ENGINES to be as follows:
Year: 1885

page_text: Air Engines.
I CHARLES WILLIAM PINKNEY of No 5 Regent Street Smethwick in the County
of Stafford Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND COMPRESSED AIR
ENGINES to be as follows:-
"
My invention consists in constructing and arranging in the manner hereinafter
described the parts of governors for steam engines and compressed air engines
whereby great simplicity in construction and efficiency in action are secured.
I will describe my invention in connection with a horizontal steam engine.
To the valve rod or spindle of the engine (which said valve spindle has a
reciprocating motion given to it as is well understood) I fix a nearly vertical
bracket to the top of which a cranked lever is jointed one of the arms of the said
lever when it is in its normal position being vertical and the other horizontal. The
normal position of the lever is maintained with a certain degree of force by means
of springs The vertical arm of the lever carries a bob or weight capable of being
fixed at any desired height on the said arm. The horizontal arm of the said lever
acts on two horizontal slide bolts in the following manner. The said slide bolts
slide upon one another. Each of the sliding bolts has a projecting vertical arm on
its front end the arm on the upper sliding bolt projecting upwards and that on the
lower arm projecting downwards. The axis of the throttle valve is in the same
horizontal plane as the contact faces of the sliding bolts. On the end of the axis of
the throttle valve is a lever the two branches of which are nearly in the same line
each branch having a pin which pins engage respectively behind the arms on the
sliding bolts. The upper sliding bolt has at its front end a horizontal projecting
lip forming a continuation of its lower face.
The action of the parts is as follows:-When the engine is running at a rate not
exceeding that which by the adjustment of the bob or weight is decided on as the
normal rate the to and fro motion of the valve spindle does not occasion any motion
of the cranked lever upon its centre. When however the motion of the engine
exceeds its normal motion the inertia of the bob causes it when the motion is
reversed to lag behind and the cranked lever turns upon its centre. The end of the
...מ

page_text: horizontal arm is thereby raised when the valve spindle and bob are moving
towards the throttle valve and the end of the horizontal arm of the cranked lever
at the end of its stroke rests upon the projecting lip of the upper sliding bolt and
pushing that sliding bolt forwards turns the axis of the throttle valve and thereby
closes the said valve more or less and reduces the speed of the engine. The pushing
back of the upper sliding bolt produces the advance of the lower sliding bolt. By
the slackened speed of the engine the horizontal arm no longer engages on the lip
of the upper sliding bolt but at its lower position its end is opposite the end of the
lower sliding bolt and acts upon it if the speed of the engine becomes reduced.
Hence by the action described on the upper and lower sliding bolts the position of
the throttle valve becomes adjusted so as to maintain the normal speed of the
engine.
'
My invention is applicable to all kinds of vertical as well as horizontal steam
engines and compressed air engines.

page_text: Improvements in Governors for Steam Engines and Compressed
Air Engines.
I CHARLES WILLIAM PINKNEY of N° 5 Regent Street, Smethwick in the County
of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR STEAM ENGINES AND COMPRESSED AIR
ENGINES" and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in constructing and arranging in the manner hereinafter
described the parts of governors for steam engines and compressed air engines,
whereby great simplicity in construction and efficiency in action are secured.
The
I will describe my invention in connection with a horizontal steam engine.
To the valve rod or spindle of the engine (which said valve spindle has a
reciprocating motion given to it as is well understood) I fix a nearly vertical
bracket to the top of which a cranked lever is jointed one of the arms of the said
lever, when it is in its normal position, being vertical and the other horizontal. The
normal position of the lever is maintained with a certain degree of force by means
of a spring or springs. The vertical arm of the lever carries a bob or weight
capable of being fixed at any desired height on the said arm. The horizontal arm
of the said lever acts on two horizontal slide bolts in the following manner.
said slide bolts slide upon one another. Each of the sliding bolts has a projecting
vertical arm on its front end, the arm on the upper sliding bolt projecting upwards
and that on the lower arm projecting downwards. The axis of the throttle valve
is in the same horizontal plane as the contact faces of the sliding bolts. On the
end of the axis of the throttle valve is a lever, the two branches of which are
nearly in the same line, each branch having a pin which pins engage respectively
behind the arms on the sliding bolts. The upper sliding bolt has at its front end a
horizontal projecting lip forming a continuation of its lower face.
The action of the parts is as follows;-When the engine is running at a rate not
exceeding that which by the adjustment of the bob or weight is decided on as the
normal rate, the to and fro motion of the valve spindle does not occasion any motion
of the cranked lever upon its centre. When however the motion of the engine
exceeds its normal motion the inertia of the bob causes it when the motion is
reversed to lag behind and the cranked lever turns upon its centre. The end of the
horizontal arm is thereby raised, when the valve spindle and bob are moving
towards the throttle valve, and the end of the horizontal arm of the cranked lever
at the end of its stroke rests upon the projecting lip of the upper sliding bolt and
pushing that sliding bolt forwards turns the axis of the throttle valve and thereby
closes the said valve, more or less, and reduces the speed of the engine. The pushing
back of the upper sliding bolt produces the advance of the lower sliding bolt. By
the slackened speed of the engine the horizontal arm no longer engages on the lip
of the upper sliding bolt but at its lower position its end is opposite the end of the
lower sliding bolt and acts upon it if the speed of the engine becomes reduced.
Hence by the action described on the upper and lower sliding bolts the position of

page_text: the throttle valve becomes adjusted so as to maintain the normal speed of the
engine.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in side elevation a portion of
a horizontal steam engine to which a governor constructed according to my
invention is applied and Figure 2 is a cross section of the same taken through the
cylinder and throttle valve and parts of the governor.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in both Figures.
a is the case of the slide valve of the engine and b is the rod or spindle of the
slide valve having a reciprocating motion effected in the ordinary way; c is the
case of the throttle valve d and e is the spindle of the said throttle valve.
The governor constituting my invention consists of the following parts. On the
slide valve spindle b a vertical bracket fis fixed and jointed to the top of the said
bracket is the cranked lever g, g² turning on the centre g³. When the said cranked
lever g, g³ is in its normal position as represented in Figure 1 the arm g2 is vertical
and the other arm g is horizontal. The normal position represented of the
lever g, 92 is maintained by the spring bolt / carried by the bracket f bearing
against the heel g of the said lever. The vertical arm g² of the cranked lever is
screwed and carries a bob or weight i capable of being adjusted at any desired
height on the said arm g² by the screw nut 22 on the top of the said bob working
upon the screw of the vertical arm; k, are the two horizontal sliding bolts
working in the guides m, m the lower edge of the top bolt sliding upon the top
edge of the underbolt . The horizontal arm g of the cranked lever g, g' acts upon
the said bolts k, in the manner hereinafter described. The front end of the
horizontal arm g of the cranked lever is pointed and the rear end of the top sliding
bolt is furnished with a lip ³ for the pointed end of the arın g to engage with.
The sliding bolts k,l have projecting vertical arms 2, 12 on their front ends, the
arm² of the upper sliding bolt projecting upwards and the arm 12 of the lower
sliding bolt projecting downwards (see Figure 1). The axis c of the throttle
valve is situated at right angles to the sliding bolts, and is in the same
horizontal plane as the contact faces of the sliding bolts; n, n² is a lever on the end
of the throttle valve axis e the branches of the said lever making a very obtuse
angle with one another. Each branch of the lever is provided with a pin p, I
which pins engage respectively behind the arms ², 2 on the sliding bolts k, 7 (see
Figure 2).
The action of the parts of the governor is as follows:-On the engine running at
a rate exceeding that which by the adjustment of the bob or weight is decided on
as the normal rate, the to and fro motion of the slide valve spindle b does not
occasion any motion of the cranked lever g, upon its centre 93 and the throttle
valve is unoperated upon. When however the rate of motion of the engine
exceeds its normal rate, the inertia of the bob i causes the said bob, when the
motion of the slide valve spindle is reversed, to lag behind. For example, when
the slide valve spindle b has completed its stroke in the direction of the arrow s
Figure 1, and begins its return stroke the bob i lagging behind performs a vertical
motion on its centre g³ in the direction of the arrow Figure 1. The pointed end
of the horizontal arm g of the cranked lever g g (which pointed end in the supposed
position of the slide valve spindle b is clear of the lip ³) is thereby raised and as
the valve spindle b and bob i move towards the throttle valve or in a direction
contrary to that indicated by the arrow s, the pointed end of the horizontal arm g
of the cranked lever as it approaches the end of its stroke rests upon the projecting
lip of the upper sliding bolt % and pushes the said bolt k forwards. The arm k²
of the said bolt is thereby made to operate upon the pin p and through the arm n
move the axis e of the throttle valve through a small angle and thus close the
throttle valve & more or less and reduce the speed of the engine. The pushing back
of the upper sliding bolt produces the advance of the lower sliding bolt 7 through
the action of the pin q of the lower branch n³ of the lever n, n² upon the projecting
arm of the said lower bolt . When by the partial closing of the throttle valve d
the engine has resumed its normal speed there is no longer any lagging of the bob i

page_text: and the pointed end g of the cranked lever g, g³ now engages under the lip 3 and
no longer operates upon the sliding bolt . The end g of the lever in its lowered
position is now opposite the end of the lower sliding bolt and should the speed
become reduced beyond the normal speed the pointed end of the lever g strikes the
end of the said bolt Z which bolt as before described has been pushed forward by
the partial closing of the throttle valve. The back motion thus given to the lower
bolt causes it to operate upon the axis of the throttle valve through the arın 12,
pin q and arm n² and reopen the said throttle valve and the parts of the governor
resume the normal positions represented in the Drawing. Thus, by the action of
the upper and lower sliding bolts k,l automatically operated upon by the cranked
lever carried by the reciprocating slide valve spindle, the position of the throttle
valve & becomes adjusted so as to maintain the normal speed of the engine as will
be understood by an examination of the Drawing.
My invention is applicable to all kinds of vertical as well as horizontal steam
engines and compressed air engines.
In applying my invention to vertical steam engines and to compressed air
engines the parts of the governor are constructed, combined and made to operato
substantially in the manner herein before described and illustrated with respect to
a horizontal steam engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
as my invention of "Improvements in governors for steam engines and compressed
air engines"
First. Mounting upon the reciprocating rod or spindle of the slide valve of the
engine, the bracket f supporting the cranked lever g, g² and adjustable bob or
weight i, 2, the said parts f, g, g² and i, 2 being constructed, combined and acting
substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Secondly. The two sliding bolts k, l operated upon by the horizontal arm of the
cranked lever g, g² for automatically closing and opening the throttle valve of the
engine the said bolts operating upon branches of a lever on the axis or spindle of
the throttle valve substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing.
11
T
13 1
4007
CHARLES WILLIAM PINKNEY.