Improvements in Turbine Water Wheels.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1888
Pennsylvania, United States of America, Engineer.]
Improvements in Turbine Water Wheels.
I, CORNELIUS CADLE 39 Wellington Quay, Dublin Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
One of the objects of my invention is to so construct the casing of a Duplex Water
wheel as to simplify the same and facilitate renewals or repairs.
A further object is to so construct a water wheel and its casing as to obtain the
maximum of power and in various conditions of working and still further objects are
to protect the joints between wheel casing and valve box, to provide for readily
starting and cutting off the flow of water without the necessity of manipulating the
main valve or gate to provide the wheel casing with means whereby the levelling
of same is facilitated, and to prevent splashing of the belting or gearing above
the wheel, or the clogging of the wheel by foreign matters dropping into the same.
These objects I attain in the manner which I will now proceed to describe
reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a sectional
plan view of a water wheel constructed in accordance with my invention, the
section being taken on the line 1-2 Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a view partly in elevation
and partly in section on the line 3-4 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the top
of case.
The wheel shown in the drawing is what is known as a duplex wheel, that is
to say the casing contains two wheels A & B both secured to the same shaft D, the
lower wheel B being constructed to discharge downwardly, and the upper wheel A
discharging upwardly; These wheels as shewn in the present instance are of a Scroll
pattern, but each wheel has an outward set of vertically discharging buckets a and a
set of radial buckets b discharging at the centre.

page_text: The wheel casing
made in two parts, the upper part A' containing the wheel A,
and the lower part B' containing the wheel B and each of these sections forms in itself
a complete and self contained structure comprising the top plate d bottom plate e and
outer scroll like shell each casing having also in the present instance an intermediate
partition g.
Where a partitioned casing of this character is used in combination with
a wheel having two independent sets of buckets, however the partition being in line
with that between the two sets of buckets a much better result is obtained at part
gate than when the wheel has but a single set of buckets. for when the gate is
raised to the level of the partition, the effect produced is that of one set of
buckets running at full gate and hence the maximum power of this set of buckets
is obtained.
Dated this Twolfth day of Aneil 1888
I, CORNELIUS CADLE 39 Wellington Quay, Dublin Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
One of the objects of my invention is to so construct the casing of a Duplex Water
wheel as to simplify the same and facilitate renewals or repairs.
A further object is to so construct a water wheel and its casing as to obtain the
maximum of power under various conditions of working and still further objects
are to protect the joints between wheel casing and valve box, to provide for
readily starting and cutting off the flow of water without the necessity of
manipulating the main valve or gate to provide the wheel casing with means
whereby the levelling of same is facilitated and to prevent splashing of the belting
or gearing above the wheel, or the clogging of the wheel by foreign matters
dropping into the same.
These objects I attain in the manner which I will now proceed to describe, reference
being had to the drawings accompanying the provisional specification, in which Fig. 1
is a sectional plan view, of a water wheel constructed in accordance with my
invention. The section being taken on the line 1-2 Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a view partly
in elevation and partly in section, on line 3-4 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the
top of case. The wheel shown in the drawing is what is known as a duplex wheel,
that is to say, the casing contains two wheels A & B both secured to the same shaft D,

page_text: the lower wheel B, being constructed to discharge downwardly, and the upper wheel A
discharging upwardly; These wheels as shown in the present instance are of a scroll
pattern, but each wheel has an outward set of vertically discharging buckets a, and a
set of radial buckets', discharging at the centre.
The wheel casing is made in two parts, the upper part A' containing the wheel A,
and the lower part B₁ containing the wheel B, and each of these sections forms in
itself a complete, and self contained structure, comprising the top plate d, bottom
plate e, and outer scroll like shell f, each casing having also in the present instance an
intermediate partition g. Where a partitioned casing of this character is used in
combination with a wheel having two independent sets of buckets, however the
partition being in line with that between the two sets of buckets, a much better result
is obtained at part gate than when the wheel has but a single set of buckets, for
when the gate is raised to the level of the partition, the effect produced is that of one
set of buckets remaining at full gate, and hence the maximum power of this set of
buckets is obtained.
The casing of the upper wheel is inverted and lugs on the plates d of the two
casings are bolted together, so as to securely confine said casing together.
By this means I am enabled to readily construct a duplex wheel froni two single
wheels without any material change in the character of either of the latter, and in
case of injury to either of the wheel casings, said casing can be removed and
repaired or renewed without disturbing the other casing, or incurring the expense of
an entirely new casing for both wheels.
Between the flanges i, on the casings A' and B' and the flanges ¹ on the gate
box E, is secured a plate F which extends from the top of the upper casing A¹ to the
bottom of the lower casing B', and is preferably provided with transverse partitions g¹,
and d¹, corresponding with the partitions g and the plates d of said casings, said
plate F having a projecting flange m extending into the gate box and forming a
seat for the valve or gate g which is raised, or lowered, by means of a rod n, and
suitable mechanism common to water wheels of this class.
The plate F has around its outer edge, projecting flanges p, which overlap and
and protect the flanges of the wheel casing, and gate box. Beyond the gate
box is a supplementary valve box H, containing a pivoted or butterfly valve J,
which extends from top to bottom of the box, and by its adjustment, serves to permit
or cut off the flow of water to the gate box E, this supplementary valve, being of
importance in cases where it is desired to frequently stop the operation of the wheel
for a short time, as in saw mills, for instance: the supplementary valve, providing for
the cutting off of the flow of water by a single quick movement of an operating lever,
and rendering unnecessary any movement of the governing valve, or gate G for
this purpose, thus effecting a considerable saving of time and labor, and preventing
any interference with the adjustment of the gate G after this latter has once been
properly set.
The lower casing B₁ of the wheel is mounted upon suitable legs or standards S
secured to a base K which carries the toe t, forming the bearing for the lower end of
the shaft D, and above the upper casing A¹ is a plate M, carrying the upper bearing t
for the shaft and having legs N terminating in a base ring bolted to the upper
casing A. In the plate M is formed an annular groove W, and inserted in this
groove, and securely retained therein, are a series of spirit levels preferably disposed
at four equidistant points as shown in Fig. 3: these levels thus forming a fixed, and
permanent part of the casing of the wheel, and serving either in place of, or as a
supplement to the ordinary spirit level in the operation of levelling the wheel,
in setting or resetting the same, the levels may be secured directly to the casing A
if desired.
The plate M also serves as a deflector to prevent the water, which is being
discharged from the upper wheel A from splashing upon the belting or gearing
above the wheel casing, and also serves to prevent the clogging of the wheel, by
foreign matters dropping from above the casing.

page_text: Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is:
0
First. The combination of two wheels secured end to end on the same shaft, with
a casing comprising two parts, one for each wheel, each part being distinct and complete
in itself, all substantially as specified.
Second. The combination of the duplex wheel and the casing, therefore comprising
two parts. one for each wheel, with a valve seat plate extending throughout both
casings, all substantially as specified.
Third. The combination of the flanged casing of a water wheel, a flanged gate
box, and an interposed valve seat plate, having edge flanges overlapping the flanges
of the gate box, and wheel casing, all substantially as specified.
Fourth. The combination of a water wheel having two independent sets of buckets,
with a wheel casing partitioned to accord with the partitioning of the wheel, all
substantially as specified.
Fifth. The combination of a water wheel casing, and an adjustable gate for
controlling the flow of water thereto, with a supplementary valve, located in the water
way in advance of the gate box, and serving to cut off the flow of water to the latter,
all substantially as specified.
Sixth. The combination of a water wheel casing, and a sliding gate for controlling
the flow of water thereto, and a pivoted flap valve, located in the water way in advance
of the gate chamber, all substantially as specified.
Seventh. The combination of the casing of a water wheel, with a series of
spirit levels carried by said casing, whereby the setting of the wheel is facilitated.
Eighth. The combination of the casing of a water wheel having an upward
discharge, with a deflecting plate mounted above the casing, all substantially as
specified.
Dated this 12th day of April 1888