Improvements in Ligning али
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Ligning
али
A communication from abroad by ARTHUR KITSON of 213 West Upsal Street,
Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Mechanical
Engineer).
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates generally to vapor burning apparatus and consists more
specifically in improved pre-heating apparatus for effecting the requisite initial
vaporization of the oil, as a preliminary step in the operation.
In the present embodiment the invention
specially adapted for use in connection
with a type of vapor lamp, employing one or more burners provided with Welsbach
mantles and known as the cluster lamp.
In one arrangement the lamp is of the species known as cluster lamps and employs
a plurality of burners each of which is provided with an incandescent mantle of the
usual Welsbach type. These burners are supported from a suspended frame work
having a cylindrical metal chimney and a hemispherical globe.
A straight vaporizing tube arranged horizontally, extends through and across the
chimney, above and in line with the mantles, said vaporizing tube having a con-
nection, with the source of oil supply, which is controlled by a needle valve.
A V-shaped saddle is supported above and straddles the vaporizing tube, the
purpose being to concentrate the heat about the tube. Said saddle may be lined
with asbestos or other incombustible material. The saddle is sustained by being
secured upon the lower end of the hanging rod and by which the entire lamp is
suspended.
This
Within the chimney a short metal cylinder is telescopically arranged.
This bridge
telescoping cylinder has a bridge piece extending diametrically across and preferably
slightly above its upper end, and is preferably in the form of a bent rod.
piece has its central portion loosely coiled about the suspension rod so as to guide up
and down on and be guided thereby.
A crank shaft is journalled in the upper portion of the chimney and extends across
the same, at a right angle to the bridge piece. The central bent or crank portion of
ankshaft co-operates with the bridge piece of the telescoping cylinder, by

page_text: '
bearing on the under side thereof and when said crank is in its uppermost position it
drops into a small recess formed on the underside of said bridge piece by the
curvature given thereto. The crank shaft extends outside of the chimney and is
provided with a handle or other means for giving it partial rotation. The telescoping
cylinder has oppositely arranged vertical slots formed therein through which the
vaporizing tube passes and which permit of the up and down motion of said cylinder
above referred to.
Another bridge piece extends diametrically across the upper portion of the lamp
chimney and is fastened to the suspension rod. in any convenient manner thereby
affording means for supporting the lamp from said suspension rod. An ordinary cap
or deflector is mounted above the chimney and a pièce of wire cloth or gauze bridges
over the space between said deflector and the top of the chimney.
A Bunsen burner tube is supported by the lamp frame on the outside of the chimney
and has its discharge end so located as to throw a jet of flame along, under and
parallel with the vaporizing tube. For this purpose the Bunsen tube is inserted in
an opening in the chimney and may be supported therein by means of a thimble.
A pilot burner is preferably located in an operative relation to the discharge end of
the Bunsen burner, usually just above the same. The Bunsen burner may of course
be of the usual form, but I prefer to bend the outer portion thereof at an angle to the
discharge end so as to prevent it projecting beyond the lamp frame. The Bunsen
burner is provided with the usual opening for an air inlet and also with a gas dis-
charge nozzle, gas being supplied thereto by any convenient connection such as a
vertical pipe. supply of gas is conducted to the pilot burner by way of a second
connection such as a small pipe. These gas pipes may be connected to the service
pipe in any convenient manner but I prefer to have then both controlled by an
ordinary form of valve and supplied with gas through a connection from the hollow
suspension rod connecting with the gas main. The valve is operated by a handle and
may be of well known construction. When the cylinder is lowered, one of the slots
therein comes opposite the discharge end of the Bunsen burner. When the cylinder
is telescoped up into the chimney, however, it shuts off the opening to the Bunsen
burner and protects the same from the action of the flame and hot gas coming from
the vapor burners.
The method of operation of the invention is as follows:―
A small flame is kept continuously burning at the pilot burner. To start the lamp,
the crank shaft is turned to drop the cylinder into a position to bring the slot opposite
the discharge end of the Bunsen burner. The valve is then opened to admit a supply.
of gas to the Bunsen burner which is ignited by the flame at the pilot burner. A
long tongue of blue flame then shoots across the chimney of the lamp under and
parallel to the vaporizing tube. The vaporizing tube is thus quickly heated to the
temperature necessary to vaporize kerosene oil, and the needle valve is then opened
to admit the oil to the vaporizing tube. The vapor thus generated issues from the
vapor burners and is ignited and thereafter the action of the lamp becomes self
supporting. The gas valve is then turned back to its original position, shutting off
the supply of gas to the Bunsen burner, the pilot flame being left burning. The
crank shaft is then turned back to telescope the cylinder up into the chimney and
close off the mouth or opening of the Bunsen burner. Consequently the flame and
hot air coming up from the vapor burners during the regular operation of the lamp
cannot reach the Bunsen burner and connected parts to oxydize and burn out
the same.
ALL

page_text: Improvements in Lighting and Heating Apparatus.
A communication from abroad by ARTHUR KITSON, of 213, West Upsal Street,
Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Mechanical
Engineer.)
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates generally to vapor burning apparatus and in particular to
improved pre-heating apparatus for effecting the requisite initial vaporization of the
oil, as a preliminary step in the operation.
While the invention is applicable to all kinds of vapor-burning apparatus, it is
specially designed to be used in connexion with vapor-burning lamps of the kind
known as "cluster" lamps each of which has one or more burners provided with in-
candescence mantles. In all such vapor-burning apparatus it is of course necessary
to provide some means of heating the vaporizing tube to a temperature sufficient to
vaporize the oil before the apparatus can be set into operation. Various arrange-
ments of Bunsen burners using gas have been devised for this purpose. In some
arrangements the Bunsen burner has been located beside the vapor-burner, so that
its flame struck the vaporizing tube at right angles and was compelled to traverse a
considerable distance before reaching the vaporizing-tube, with the result that much
of the heat was deflected from the vaporizing-tube and uncertain and inefficient
action resulted. Another arrangement proposed comprised a perforated Bunsen-
burner tube extending alongside of the vaporizing-tube and discharging a number of
small jets of flame upon the latter; whilst this arrangement is effective while the
apparatus is new, the Bunsen-burner tube, being exposed to the intense heat of the
vapor-burners during their operation, is soon burned out, and also the Bunsen tube
in a measure absorbs the heat of the burners, which should be all concentrated upon
the vaporizing-tube to produce the most efficient action of the lamp. Now this in-
vention combines the advantages of each of the above-described constructions and
avoids their disadvantages. By locating the Bunsen-burner tube outside of the
lamp-chimney, where it is not subjected to the heat of the vapor-burners, and by
causing the Bunsen-burner to discharge a flame parallel to the vaporizing-tube and
immediately under the same, the most certain and effective action of the preheating
apparatus is obtained together with an economical use of the gas employed.
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a vapor burning cluster lamp provided with an
example of preheating apparatus according to this invention; Fig. 2 is an elevation
thereof as seen in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a
sectional elevation of the lamp as seen in the direction mentioned and with some of
the upper parts broken away.
The lamp 1, being of the species known as cluster lamps, comprises a plurality of
burners 20, 20, each of which is provided with an incandescence mantle 21 of the
usual Welsbach type. These burners are supported from a suspended framework
having a cylindrical metal chimney or casing 3, and a hemispherical globe 22.
A straight vaporizing tube 2, arranged horizontally, extends through and across
the chimney, above and in line with the mantles, the said vaporizing tube hav-
ing a connection 16 with the source of oil supply, which is controlled by a needle
5 valve 17.
A perforated V-shaped saddle 23 is supported above and straddles the vaporizing

page_text: tube, the purpose being to concentrate the heat about the tube. The saddle 23 may
be lined with suitable incombustible material, as asbestos, as indicated at 23. The
saddle is sustained by being secured upon the lower end of a hanging rod 15 by which
the entire lamp is suspended.
Within the chimney 3 a short metal cylinder 4 is telescopically arranged. This
telescoping cylinder has a bridge piece 24 which extends diametrically across and
preferably slightly above its upper end, and is preferably in the form of a bent rod, as
shown, having its central portion 24ª loosely coiled about the suspension rod 15 so as
to slide up and down on and be guided thereby.
A crank shaft 5 is journalled in the upper portion of the chimney 3 and extends
across the same at right angles to the bridge piece 24. The central bent or crank
portion 5 of this crank shaft co-operates with the bridge pièce 24 of the telescoping
cylinder, by bearing on the underside thereof, and when the said crank is in its
highest, position, as shown in Fig. 3, it engages in a small recess 25 formed on the
underside of the said bridge piece by the curvature given thereto. The crank shaft 5
extends outside of the chimney and is provided with suitable means, as a handle 19,
for giving it partial rotation. The telescoping cylinder 4 has oppositely arranged
vertical slots 4ª, 4ª formed therein, through which the vaporizing tube 2 passes and
which permit of the up and down motion of the cylinder 4.
A bridge piece 26 extends diametrically across the upper portion of the lamp
chimney 3 and is fastened to the suspension rod 15 in any convenient manner,
thereby affording means for supporting the lamp from the said suspension rod, as best
shown in Fig. 3. An ordinary cap or deflector 27 is mounted above the chimney and
a piece of wire cloth or gauze 28 bridges over the space between the deflector 27 and
the top of the chimney 3.
A Bunsen-burner tube 6 is supported by the lamp frame on the outside of the
chimney 3, and has its discharge end so located as to throw a jet of flame along,
under, and parallel to the vaporizing tube 2. For this purpose the Bunsen tube is
inserted in an opening in the chimney 3, and may be supported therein by means of
the thimble 6. A pilot burner 7 is preferably located in an operative relation to the
discharge end of the Bunsen burner, usually just above the same as shown in Figs. 1
and 2. The Bunsen burner may, of course, be of the usual form, but I prefer to bend
the outer portion thereof at an angle to the discharge end so as to prevent its project-
ing beyond the lamp frame. The bent portion is indicated at 8 in Figs. 1 and 2.
The Bunsen burner is provided with the usual opening 9 for an air inlet and also with
a gas discharge nozzle 10, gas being supplied thereto by any convenient connection
such as a pipe 11. A supply of gas is conducted to the pilot burner by way of a
second connexion such as the small pipe 18. These gas pipes may be connected to
the service pipe in any convenient manner but it is preferred to have them both
controlled by a valve of ordinary form as shown at 12 and supplied with gas through the
connexion 14 from the hollow suspension rod 15, which is then connected with the
gas main. The valve 12 is operated by a handle 13; the valve 12 being of a well
known construction and constituting no part of this invention, the arrangement of its
internal parts are not shown or described. When the cylinder 4 is lowered one of the
slots 4ª therein comes opposite to the discharge end of the Bunsen-burner tube 6.
When the cylinder is telescoped up into the chimney, however, it shuts off the open-
ing to the Bunsen-burner and protects the same from the action of the flame and hot
gas coming from the vapor burners.
The method of operation of the invention is as follows:-
A small flame is kept continuously burning at the pilot burner 7. To start the
lamp, the crank shaft 5 is turned to drop the cylinder 4 into a position to bring the
slot 4° opposite to the discharge end of the Bunsen-burner tube 6. The valve 12 is
then opened to admit a supply of gas to the Bunsen burner, which is ignited by the
flame at the pilot burner 7. A long tongue of blue flame then shoots across the
chimney of the lamp under and parallel to the vaporizing tube 2. The vaporizing
tube is thus quickly heated to the temperature necessary to vaporize kerosene oil, and
the needle valve 17 is then opened to admit the oil to the vaporizing tube. The

page_text: por thus generated issues from the vapor burners and is ignited and thereafter the
etion of the lamp becomes self supporting. The valve 12 is then turned back to its
riginal position so that it shuts off the supply of gas to the Bunsen burner, the pilot
ame being left burning. The crank shaft 5 is then turned back to telescope the
ylinder 4 up into the chimney 3 and close off or cover the mouth or opening of the
Sunsen-burner tube 6. Consequently the flame and hot air coming up from the vapor
urners during the regular operation of the lamp cannot reach the Bunsen burner
nd connected parts to oxydize and burn out the same.
I wish it to be understood that I make no general claim to the appliances herein-
efore described but only in apparatus for rendering mantles and the like incan-
escent by flames of vaporized kerosine or similar burning oil and provided with
orizontal or approximately horizontal vaporizing tubes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
ion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that, subject to
he above disclaiming note, what I claim is :-
1. The combination,-in-vapor burning apparatus,-of-a-straight-vaporizing tube, a
Bunsen-burner-supported by the framework of the apparatus and arranged-to-project
aflame-parallel-to-and-below-the--vaporizing-tube,-and-a-connexion-for-supplying
gas-to-the-said-Bunsen burner, substantially-as-described.
1. 2. The combination, in vapor-burning apparatus, of a vaporizing tube, a Bunsen
burner located outside the casing of the apparatus, supported by the framework
thereof, and arranged to project a flame parallel to and below the vaporizing tube
through an opening in the said casing, and a connexion for supplying gas to the said
Bunsen burner, whether or not the outer portion of the Bunsen-burner tube be bent
at an angle to the inner, or discharge, end thereof for the purpose set forth.
2. 3. In vapor-burning apparatus according to Claim 12, the provision of a pilot
burner arranged in operative relation to the Bunsen burner, and a separate connexion
for supplying gas to the said pilot burner.
3.4. In vapor-burning apparatus according to Claim 12, the provision of a cylinder
arranged to telescope up into the casing and provided with an opening which comes
opposite to the discharge end of the Bunsen burner only when the said cylinder is
lowered.
4. 5. In vapor-burning apparatus, the combination of framework, a casing, burners,
a vaporizing tube extending across the casing above the burners, an inner cylinder
telescoping into the casing, and means for raising and lowering the inner cylinder and
comprising a bridge piece extending diametrically across the upper end of the inner
cylinder and a crank shaft journalled in the upper portion of the casing and co-
operating with the said bridge piece.
5. 6. Vapor-burning apparatus according to Claim & 4 in which a bridge piece is
secured to the casing and to a suspension rod with which the bridge piece of the
inner cylinder has a sliding connexion, whether or not the bridge piece of the inner
cylinder be so shaped as to present a recess on its underside in which the bent portion
of the crank shaft engages when the cylinder is in its highest position.
6. 7. The improved preheating apparatus for vapor-burning apparatus, constructed,
arranged, and operating as herein before described with reference to and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
7. S. A vapor-burning lamp constructed, arranged, and operating as herein before
described with reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
D
-1 this 3rd day of September 1900.
W. LLOYD WISE
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.