Improvements in Crushing Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Dec., 1895
7
Complete Specification Left, 17th Sept. 1896-Accepted, 31st Oct., 1896
Improvements in Crushing Machines.
We ROBERT HANDLEY DUNDEE, Gentleman and FREDERICK GEORGE
JONES Engineer both of Quarry Park Grampound in the County of Cornwall do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the construction of a machine to be used for
the purpose of crushing and pulverising minerals ores chemicals and similar
substances.
The machine is constructed as follows:-A strong cylinder closed at one end,
and made preferably of cast iron or steel, is mounted upon a shaft suitably
journalled horizontally in a standard. The shaft is fitted with a pulley or pulleys,
or other gearing for the purpose of receiving a motion of rotation. The cylinder
is closed at that end whereby it is fitted to the said shaft. The inner surface of
the cylinder is lined with a removable lining of iron steel or other suitable
substance consisting of one piece or segmental plates.
A removable cover having a larger circular aperture is fixed on the end of the
cylinder which is furthest from the said shaft. This cover lengthens the cylinder
and revolves with it.
Near the end of the cylinder furthest from the shaft is fixed vertically a standard,
on the upper end of which is fitted horizontally a shaft. This shaft is fixed at
will in its bearings by means of a set skrew, or other suitable device and projects
through the aperture in the cover into the cylinder almost as far as the closed end.
On to this shaft is fitted a heavy hammer block which is capable of being rotated
about it, and, by means of a set skrew or other suitable device, is so adjusted that
its working face comes nearer to or further from the inner lining of the cylinder
according to the degree of fineness which is desired to produce in the material
operated upon. The working face of the hammer block is either curved, angular,
or of any other suitable shape. The hammer block may be made of one piece or
may be composed of several sections.
An anulus or ring, which is fixed stationary by rods from standards of the
machine, or otherwise, is truly boxed into the circular aperture in the before
mentioned cover. A perforated screen or sieve of any desired mesh is bolted on
to the fixed anulus or ring and is continuous over the circular aperture in the
before mentioned cover, except where the hammer shaft and the tube from the
hopper, to be mentioned hereafter pass through it. On to the anulus or ring are
fixed one or more deflector plates projecting into the before mentioned cover for
the purpose of directing the pulverized material against the perforated screen cr
sievc..
A casing surrounds the before mentioned cylinder and cover, and projects some
distance beyond the said cover. This case is pierced by the hammer shaft and
the tube from the hopper to be hereafter mentioned. The pulverized material
which passes through the perforated screen or sieve collects in the portion of the
case which is outside the cover and anulus fitted with the perforated screen or
sieve, and is removed therefrom by means of a suitable conveyer, such as a spiral
or an exhaust, or a spiral at the lower part together with an exhaust at the upper
part if it is desired to separate the particles of different degrees of fineness..
The material to be operated upon is conveyed into the machine by any suitable
means, such as a hopper fixed on to the outer casing with a tube containing a

page_text: spiral or other conveyer passing through the casing and perforated screen or sieve,
and is dropped into the cylinder behind the hammer block.
If it is desired to use the machine as a wet crusher, pipes are provided for the
introduction of water into and the abstraction of the saine from the cylinder.
Dated this Seventeenth day of December 1895.
P
Improvements in Crusning Machines,
We ROBERT HANDLEY DUNDEE Gentleman, and FREDERICK GEORGE
JONES Engineer, both of Quarry Park Grampound, in the County of Cornwall,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
Our invention relates to improvements in machines for crushing or pulverizing
quartz, ores, chemicals and other substances and to machines of that class wherein
a rotating cylinder, having a vibrating hammer block within it, is employed and
wherein a screen is arranged for separating the ground material from that which
is only partially ground, such for instance as described in the Specification of our
former Patent No. 4308 of 1895.
The object of our invention is to improve the construction of this machine and
it consists mainly in a novel arrangement of parts, in the fixing of the screen and
in the provision of means whereby the partially ground material is directed against
the screen and whereby the hammer block may be adjusted to suit different
requirements.
To enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in vertical section of our improved crushing
apparatus:
Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2, Figure 1, drawn to a reduced scale; and,
Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3, Figure 1, drawn to the same scale as
Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4, Figure 3; and,
Figure 5 is a plan view illustrating the arrangement of the deflectors.
a is the bed-plate of the apparatus having upon it a standard b in which is
journalled a shaft c to which motion is imparted by any suitable means, for instance,
by means of a belt and pulley as shewn in Figure 3. d is a cylinder, preferably
of cast iron or steel, mounted upon the spindle c and closed at the end adjacent
to the spindle. The other end of the cylinder, which is open, provided with a
removable cover e having a large central aperture f, the said cover being fixed
to and rotating with the cylinder.
The cylinder is lined upon its inner periphery with renewable segmental plates
or with a ring which can be readily renewed when desired.
A standard is fixed in proximity to the revolving cylinder, and to this said
standard a stud g¹ is fitted, one end of which stud projects through the aperture f
in the removable cover of the cylinder and carries the heavy hammer-block / in
close proximity to the inner lining of the cylinder.
The said hammer-block is provided with an eye or boss h¹ and may be in one or
several pieces. In the drawings it is represented as having two separate cheeks h³, h³
between which is clamped a flange by means of which the renewable working
face of the hammer-block is fixed through the medium of bolts h° 4°. The eye
or boss h¹ fits loosely on the stud g¹ and a collar i between the two sides of the

page_text: boss is rigidly attached to the stud g¹ by a set-screw i, which collar thus serves
to retain the hammer-block in position upon the stud. The collar i is provided
with a projection which, as the stud g' is rigidly fixed in the standard g by
set-screws g, serves to support the hammer-block at any suitable distance from
the inner lining of the cylinder.
The lower or underside of the working face of the hammer-block is polygonal,
or curved as desired, or both, and as shown corresponds in part with the curve of
the inner lining of the cylinder and in part recedes from the said lining to form a
wedge shaped space between the said face and the inner lining.
The working face instead of being detachable may be formed in one piece
with the hammer-block.
The position of the working face / relatively with the lining of the cylinder d
can be adjusted by means of the set-screws 9' which enter a groove in the
stud 9'.
The weight of the hammer-block can be regulated for varying materials, or
grades of the same, and the velocity of rotation of the cylinder can be varied in
any reasonable degree to give blows of greater or less force as may be desired.
The hammer-block vibrates radially to the stud upon which it is mounted under
the impact of the material carried against the said block, and the said vibration
produces a hammer-like action which assists in a thorough reduction of the material
under treatment. It will be understood, however, that in these vibrations the
hammer-block does not move nearer to the cylinder casing than is permitted by
the projection.
The cylinder is covered over with a suitable fixed casing ; to prevent the
escape of dust, and a hopper k is fixed to the casing for the reception of the
material to be treated, the said material being conveyed from the hopper through
a short length of tube k' by a spiral or other conveyor and dropped into the
revolving cylinder behind the hammer-block.
The removable cover, before mentioned, which is flanged and bolted to the
accessible end of the cylinder, is of special form, and projects beyond the cylinder
in an axial direction. The aperture in this cover is truly bored and has within
it a fixed ring carried by lugs 1, bolted to brackets, on the casing j. The
said fixed ring is fitted with a screen m, and the said screen may be fixed vertically,.
or may be inclined towards the interior of the cylinder.
n, n are the plates for deflecting the pulverized material, the said plates being.
within the cover portion e of the crusher and serving to direct the material which
is carried round by the cover, under the centrifugal action against the screen..
The said plates are carried by the ring 1, as shewn clearly in Figure 5.
Several screens which are made interchangeable and of any desired mesh for
grading the material passing through them may be provided. The screened.
material falls into a suitable collecting trough o within and below the casing, the
Baid trough being fitted with a spiral or other conveyor p which delivers the
finished material through a spout or aperture in the said trough.
In some cases we find it advantageous to combine with our crushing apparatus
a deflector plate 9 (or plates) at the lower side as shewn in Figure 4, which
deflecting plate is also carried by the ring and serves to direct the material,
which does not pass through the screen, beneath the hammer-block for further
reduction.
The machine is operated by feeding the hopper with rough material which
passes, by means of the conveyor or similar contrivance, into the revolving
cylinder d. It is carried round at a high velocity and under the hammer-block /,
and the impact together with the crushing action in the wedge shaped space is
sufficient to break down any hard material, which is afterwards further reduced
between the face of the block and the inner lining where the said face is in closer
proximity to the said lining.
The material when pulverized gathers or is collected upon the inner circumference
of the projecting part of the cover of the cylinder, and is thrown off by the

page_text: deflecting plates n, n and directed upon the screen m. The material after passing
through the screen collects in the trough o and is delivered by the conveyor p to
the outside of the casing ; and there dealt with as may be desired.
The machine as described is susceptible of modification generally, for instance,
two separate and distinct cylinders as described with all the accessories of hammer-
blocks, segmental plates, studs, standards, screens and minor details may be
mounted upon one and the same spindle journalled as described, the whole forming
a double machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a crushing or pulverizing machine wherein a hammer block is arranged
within a rotating cylinder closed at one end and open at the other and provided
with a screen, carrying the said screen upon stationary supports so that it does not
rotate with the cylinder, substantially as described.
2. In a crushing or pulverizing machine wherein a hammer-block is arranged
within a rotating cylinder, in connection with an opening at one end of which is
arranged a screen, the employment of deflectors, such as n, n for directing the
partially ground material against the screen, substantially as, and for the purpose
described.
3. In a crushing or pulverizing machine wherein a rotating cylinder has a
hammer-block within it, mounting the said hammer-block in such a manner that
the position of its crushing face relatively with the internal periphery of the
cylinder may be adjusted, substantially as described.
4. In a crushing or pulverizing machine wherein the rotating cylinder having a
hammer-block within it, is employed and wherein there is a series of plates for
deflecting the partially ground material on to a screen, the combination with the
said deflecting plates of a deflecting plate (or plates) such as q for directing
the insufficiently ground material beneath the hammer-block, substantially as
described.
5. The improved machine for crushing and pulverizing ores and other substances
consisting of the parts constructed and combined substantially in the manner
herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings and operating
as, and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 5th day of September 1896.
ROBERT H. DUNDEE..
F. G. JONES.