New or Improved Method of and Means for Tubing Artesian Wells.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Apr., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Method of and Means for Tubing Artesian Wells.
We, JOHN CHARLES PUSILL and HARRY GEORGE FEATHERBY, both
of 272, Moston Lane, Manchester, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
our said invention to be as follows:-
Our said invention relates to artesian wells, and to the method of and means
for tubing same, and has for its object to effect the tubing of such wells in a
more accurate and efficient manner than heretofore.
In accordance with our invention, and as applied to deep-well borings in
particular, we first sink or form a well some 40 feet deep by 8 feet in diameter,
and brick such well with 14 inch wall. Within such well, and fitting tightly
against the brick-work, we arrange a supporting frame of timber and angle
iron, comprising two angle-iron rings, top and bottom, and a series of 6 or 8
beams or baulks of timber at equal distances apart. This supporting frame rests
upon a foundation of concrete at the bottom of the well.
From the base of the well and resting in the concrete we depend a cast iron
stand-pipe, some 42 inches wide, and 20 to 30 feet long. Within this stand-pipe
we then pass the casing tube, which is, by preference, about 36 inches in diameter.
Within the well aforesaid we arrange a set or series of thrust links or stays,
articulated at one end in bearings on the supporting frame aforesaid, and at the
other end in bearings at a lower level upon a ring or frame surrounding the
casing tube.
To this last named frame two or more thrust rods are connected which extend
upwards to a height slightly in excess of the top edge of the casing tube, and are
each connected to the ram of a hydraulic jack. The said jack is mounted upon a
bracket fixed upon the top edge of the casing tube, which is removable, and as
boring proceeds can be fitted to the respective sections of the casing tube.
The upper end of each rod carries a swivel extension with slots or notches in
its length some 9 inches apart (equal to the stroke of ram) through which, as
the jacks are set to work, a cottar or pin is passed for coupling the rod to the
ram of the jack at each stroke.
The operation is as follows:-With the tube in position and the rods coupled
to the rams of the jacks, the pull of the rams is immediately resisted by the thrust
links and the surrounding frame aforesaid in the well, and consequently the
force of the rams is then exerted upon the casing tube until the ram has made
its full stroke, when the cottar is removed and passed through another slot or
notch, ready for the next stroke.
When the lowermost slots is reached and another section of the casing tube
is added the brackets for supporting the jacks are removed and fixed on the
new section and thus the tube is forced stage by stage into the ground.
By this means we are able to force the tubes down at the same time as boring
is proceeding thus causing the work to be much more expedient.

page_text: To give nicety of action to the apparatus, we provide the ends of the rods, after
passing through the inner ring or frame, with a spiral spring, adjustable nut
and cottar.
Whilst we prefer the dimensions aforesaid for deep well boring they may
vary, and they be more or less for other classes of work.
By use of the apparatus cast iron tubes may be used in place of wrought iron
or cast steel, as there is no shock to cause breakage, and while the cost is less,
cast iron is more efficient, corrosion being much less than with steel or wrought
iron.
Dated this 29th day of April 1898.
JOHN CHARLES PUSILL.
HARRY GEORGE FEATHERBY.
By J. G. Wilson & Co.,
Agents.
We, JOHN CHARLES PUSILL and HARRY GEORGE FEATHERBY, both
late of 272, Moston Lane, Manchester, and now of Bleak House, Gillingham,
Kent, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Our said invention relates to artesian wells and to the method of, and means
for, tubing same, and has for its object to effect the tubing of such wells in a
more accurate and efficient manner than heretofore.
In accordance with our invention, and as applied to deep-well borings in
particular, we first sink or form a large well say some 40 feet deep by 8 feet
in diameter, and brick such well with say a 14 inch wall. Within such well,
and fitting tightly against the brick-work, we arrange a supporting frame of
timber and angle iron, comprising two angle-iron rings, top and bottom, and a
series of 6 or 8 beams or baulks of timber, at equal distances apart. This
supporting frame rests upon a foundation of concrete at the bottom of the well.
From the base of the well and resting in the concrete we depend a cast iron
stand-pipe, some 42 inches wide, and 20 to 30 feet long. Within this stand-pipe
we then pass the casing tube.
Within the well aforesaid we arrange a set or series of thrust links or stays,
articulated at one end in bearings on the supporting frame aforesaid, and at the
other end in bearings at a lower level upon a ring or frame surrounding the
casing tube. To this last named frame two or more thrust rods are connected
which extend upwards to a height slightly in excess of the top edge of the casing
tube, and are each connected to the ram of an hydraulic jack. The said jack
is mounted upon a bracket fixed upon the top section of the casing tube, which
is removable, and as boring proceeds can be fitted to the respective sections of
the casing tube, or to a section which always remains uppermost.
The upper part of each rod is formed with slots or notches some 9 inches apart
(equal to the stroke of ram) through which, as the jacks are set to work, a
cottar or pin is passed for coupling the rod to the ram of the jack at each stroke.
The operation is as follows:-With the tube in position and the rods coupled
to the rams of the jacks, the pull of the rams is immediately and effectually
resisted by the thrust links and the ring or frame aforesaid in the well, and

page_text: 6
consequently the force of the rams is then exerted upon the casing tube which
readily moves down until the ram has made its full stroke, when the cottar is
removed and passed through another slot or notch ready for the next stroke.
When the lowermost slots are reached, another section of the casing tube is
added and the brackets for supporting the jacks are removed and fixed on the
new section, or the new section placed beneath the top-most section and the
brackets allowed to remain thereon, and thus the tube is forced stage by stage
into the ground.
And in order that our said invention may be more readily understood and
carried into practical effect we have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings and
will now proceed to describe the same with the aid of the various figures and
letters of reference marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a part plan of our well casing apparatus
in situ. Fig. 3 is an exterior view at right angles to the section of Fig. 1 of
the casing tube alone. Fig. 4 illustrates a detail.
In commencing operations for deep-well boring, a large well (A) is first dug
out, and the sides of such well lined with a substantial brick wall (B). Within
such well we fit the timbers (C) held together by angle-iron hoops, or-rings (D).
The floor of such well we cover with a bed of concrete (E), and from such floor
we sink the stand-pipe (F).
Concentrically within the well and stand-pipe, we lower the casing tube (G)
made in sections with the upper section formed with brackets (H) to receive
hydraulic jacks (I) as illustrated. Concentrically around such casing tube we
arrange a ring or hoop (J), and support such ring by rods (K) from a cross-pin
or cottar (L) on the rams of the jacks (I).
"
Articulated at one end to said ring, and at the other end to a bracket (M)
on the timbers (C), is a series of "struts" or links (N), slightly longer than the
distance between the bracket (M) and the ring (J), and normally occupying the
position shewn in Fig. 1.
The rods (K) (or swivel parts (K¹³)) are formed with slots (K2) lying about
9 inches apart, or the length of the ram stroke. The cottar (L) is put through
the set of slots which come opposite, and with the jacks set in operation the
thrusts of the rams are received by the casing tube (G), the rods (K), ring (J)
and "struts" (N), and in consequence of the resistance offered by the ring (J),
struts (N), and the timbers (C), the casing tube is forced through the strata
of earth and the desired lining of the well effected.
"
At each stroke of the rams the cottar (L) is altered to another set of slots (K)
until the lowermost slot is reached when a fresh section of the tubing is fitted
to the casing tube, and the cottar (L) passed through the uppermost set of
slots (K2), and so on continuously, section by section, the top section or part (G¹)
by which the brackets (H) are carried being by preference used to effect the
driving in of all the other sections.
The casing tube is of a sufficient width to allow boring and pumping apparatus
to be introduced, and the debris to be removed simultaneously with the lining of
the well. To cushion or humor the pull of rods (K) on ring (J) we may provide
the springs (J¹).
Although in most cases the well (A) will require to be lined with brick-work,
we may in suitable ground (such as chalk or sandstone) dispense with the brick-
work and fit the timbers (C) direct to the sides of the well, and although we
stipulate certain sizes and proportions we do not limit ourselves thereto and may
vary the size of casing tube and depth of well to suit requirements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1: In the lining of artesian wells, the combination with a large well at the
surface (brick-lined or otherwise) of a framing of timber, and iron hoops, a ring

page_text: or frame articulated to said framing by links or "struts," a set of links or rods
with slots, a set of hydraulic jacks, and a tube section, or part, with brackets to
receive said jacks, substantially as herein set forth, and illustrated on the accom-
panying drawings.
2: A ring or hoop (J), struts (N), slotted rods (K), tube section or part (G¹),
with brackets (H), substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 21st day of September 1898
JOHN CHARLES PUSILL,
HARRY GEORGE FEATHERBY,
By J. G. Wilson & Co.,
Agents, Manchester.
JOHN CHARLES PUSILL,
HARRY GEORGE FEATHERBY,
By J. G. Wilson & Co.,
Agents, Manchester.