IMPROVEMENTS IN, THE MANUFACTURE OF DRAIN TILES, AND TUBES AND OTHER ARTICLES, FROM PLASTIC MATERIALS
Year: 1847

page_text: MARI
TO ALL WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MARTIN, junior, of New Cross, Deptford, in the County of Kent, Machine
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of
November, (One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven,) in the eleventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Martin, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her especial
license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Thomas Martin,
my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Martin,
my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England;
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention "IMPROVEMENTS
IN, THE MANUFACTURE OF DRAIN TILES, AND TUBES AND OTHER ARTICLES, FROM
PLASTIC MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that
I, the said Thomas Martin, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: Thomas Martin, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer
tained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
that is to say:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation, Figure 2 a longitudinal section, Figure 3
a front view, and Figure 4 a plan of a machine constructed according to my
Invention, in each of which Figures the same letters of reference indicate similar
parts. a, a, are two boxes or chambers, into which the clay or plastic material is
alternately placed, and is alternately driven through suitable dics to make the
desired articles by means of the plungers b, b; these plungers are cach connected
to a bar c, which bars c are carried by rollers d, d, and the bars c have toothed
racks formed thereon, into which the cog wheels e, e, on the axis f take, one
of the cog wheels e being at all times out of action, which is caused by the
shaft or axis f being moveable in its bearings, so as to allow of the cog wheels
e, e, being brought alternately into action with their toothed racks on the bar c.
The axis or shaft f is moved to and fro by the lever g, on which is fixed a pro-
jecting piece h, which at one end comes against one of the wheels e, and at the
other end comes against the wheel i; on the axis f the wheel i receives motion
from the cog wheel on the driving shaft k, the wheel j being sufficiently long
on the face to allow of the wheel i with its axle being moved to and fro; the
driving shaft receives motion from the lever 1, which is forked at one end, and
moves freely on the shaft or axis k, on which is fixed the ratchet wheel m, and
motion is communicated from the lever to the driving shaft k by means of a
clawker n, which is carried by the lever 7, as shewn. o, o are two levers attached
by links to the bars c, c, and these levers are for the purpose of drawing back
the plungers when their respective wheels e, e, have been moved out of
action. The machine is mounted on four wheels, and the moulded articles are
received on to rollers in front of the dies as has heretofore been practised. The
boxes, a, a, are covered alternately by the cover a', which moves on necks or
axes, as shewn, and the cover is kept shut when over either of the boxes by the
catch a². The frame which carries the rollers on to which the moulded articles
are received is made capable of rising and falling to accommodate its position
to the varied dies which may be used in the machine; this is accomplished by
means of screws p, p, which pass through female screws 9, q, affixed to the
roller frame, the screws p, p, turning in suitable bearings as shown, and the
roller frame is guided when being raised or lowered by slots formed in the front

page_text: framing of the machine. The articles as they are protruded through the dies
are from time to time cut off by wires in the usual manner.
r, r, is the frame
which carries the cutting wire or wires; s, s, are hooks which hold the wire, and
there are holes at different parts of the upper and under bars of the frame r to
receive the stems of such hooks, so that the position of the cutting wire or
wires may be varied. The frame r, r, moves on axes t, t. Figure 5 shews a
front view of a die plate and apparatus connected therewith, for making tubes
or pipes with sockets. Figure 6 is a side view thereof; Figure 7, a plan, and
Figure 8 a horizontal section. The die plate vis fixed by the screws v' in
front of any suitable box or chamber from which clay or other plastic material
can be expressed; w is the fixed core; x, x are two plates moving on an axis
at w'; these plates are capable of being closed to act as part of the die plate,
, a, being fixed handles for opening or closing the plates x.
The plates
when closed are held secure by the plato y, which moves on necks or axes y'.
Through the plate is an opening y², through which the projection w³ of the
plates w pass. The plate y is retained closed by the key y³, passing through
staples a fixed to the plates a. When it is desired to make a pipe or tube with
a socket the plates & are fixed in the position shown in their figures, and a
pipe or tube will be made to correspond internally with the smaller diameter of
the core w; and when a sufficient length of pipe has been made, and it is desired
to form a socket or portion of tube of larger diameter, the plates are to be
opened, and the socket can then be made to any desired length, the internal
diameter will correspond with the larger diameter of the core. I would remark
that I have found it desirable to cover the portion w' of the core w with
woollen cloth to prevent adhesion of the clay or other plastic material, and also
the part of the plates x for a like purpose.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not
claim any of the parts separately, nor do I claim the moulding of such like
articles by forcing clay or other plastic material through dies, by means of
plungers, working in boxes or chambers similar to what I have above de-
scribed; but what I claim is the mode of combining mechanical parts for
giving motion to the plungers, as herein described. And I also claim the
mode of constructing dies for making pipes or tubes with sockets, as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Martin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.
THOMAS (L.S.) MARTIN.

page_text: AND,BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1848, the aforesaid: Thomas Martin came before our. said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery,.and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every. thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And: also the Specification, aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute. made for that purpose.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1848, the aforesaid: Thomas Martin came before our. said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery,,and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all: and every. thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification, aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute. made for that purpose.
.
Enrolled the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.