IMPROVE. MENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO THE EVAPORATION OF SEWAGE OR OTHER WATERS. AND FOR AFFORDING HEAT FOR OTHER USES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to the Reverend Henry Moule, Clerk. Master of Arts
of Fordington, in the County of Dorset. for the invention of "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO THE EVAPORATION OF SEWAGE OR OTHER
WATERS. AND FOR AFFORDING HEAT FOR OTHER USES,"
Sealed the 12th August 1859, and dated the 1st March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION by the said Henry Moule at the
left
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st March 1839.
J, the Reverend HENRY MOULE, Clerk, Master of Arts, of Fordington, in
the County of Dorset, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO THE EVAPORATION OF SEWAGE OR OTHER
WATERS, AND FOR AFFORDING HEAT FOR OTHER USES," to be as follows:
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus applicable to
the evaporation of sewage or other waters, and for affording heat for other
uses. For these purposes a case of sheet metal is constructed, having at its
upper part a closed cistern or vessel to contain the sewage or other waters
which are to be evaporated; this cistern or vessel is heated below by a fire
in a suitable fire-place, the heat and products from such fire heat the under
surface of the cistern or vessel, and then pass around the sides to a chimney

page_text: at one end. The cistern or vessel is provided with a safety valve, and from
the upper part of the cistern or vessel a pipe descends into an enclosed
chamber below the fine and fire-place. and by such pipe the scum with steam
can flow into the enclosed chamber below, and the scum will descend into a
compartment below the fire-bars and become dried, whilst the steam will pass
through the fire. There is also another pipe from the lower part of the
cistern or vessel which has a cock on it to regulate the passage away of the
matters which settle towards the bottom of the cistern, and then enters into
the casing over the fire, and it is formed into several bends through and
amongst which the heated products from the fire pass, and by such means the
contents of the pipe become highly heated, and the further end of such pipe is
conducted into the enclosed chamber below the cistern and horizontal flue, and
the more solid matters will be deposited in a compartment divided off to
receive the same, whilst the steam passing off from such pipe will pass through
the fire on the fire-bars. Under the flue is a shelf or horizontal partition, and
there is an opening through the back, with a cover or closely shutting door, to
admit of matters being placed on the shelf to be dried. The fire-door is
provided with a valve, to regulate the introduction of air to the fire. The
cistern or vessel is to be kept constantly supplied with the sewage or
other waters to be treated as above explained. In some cases, in place of
having the cistern or containing vessel at the top of the apparatus, the boiler
is of a cylindrical form, with a cylindrical flue through it, and such vessel is
placed within a cylindrical case, having a fire-place and ash-pit at the lower
parts thereof, and a chimney at the apper part thereof, provision being made
for the passage of streams of air through the sides of the case to the fire above
the fire-bars; a pipe with a cock thereon descends from the upper part of the
vessel to the ash-pit under the fire, when the end of such pipe is perforated
with numerous holes, and the supply pipe has a branch from it into the lower
part of the containing vessel, and another branch at the upper part of such
vessel, and such supply pipe is provided with a cock above the upper branch
and a cock below the lower branch. And in some cases the liquid and
solid sewage together or other water. is placed in closely fitted drawers
or chambers immediately beneath the furnace or a common grate, the steam
and offensive gases ascending through the fire.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Moule in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME. I, the
Reverend HENRY MOULE. Clerk. Master of Arts, of Fordington, in the County
of Dorset, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of March. in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Henry Moule, Her special licence that I, the said Henry Moule, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Moule, my executors. administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO THE EVAPORATION OF SEWAGE OR OTHER WATERS, AND
FOR AFFORDING HEAT FOR OTHER USES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Henry Moule. my executors or administrators. by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Monle. do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This, Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus applicable to
the evaporation of sewage or other waters, and for affording heat for other
uses. For these purposes a case of sheet metal is constructed, having at its
upper part a closed cistern or vessel to contain the sewage or other waters
which are to be evaporated; this cistern or vessel is heated below by a fire in
a suitable fire-place, the heat and products from such fire heat the under
surface of the cistern or vessel, and then pass around the sides to a chimney
at one end The cistern or vessel is provided with a safety valve, and from
the upper part of the cistern or vessel a pipe descends into an enclosed

page_text: chamber below the flue and fire-place, and by such pipe the scum, with steam
can flow into the enclosed chamber below, and the scum will descend into a
compartment below the fire bars and become dried, whilst the steam will pass
through the fire. There is also another pipe from the lower part of the
cistern or vessel, which has a cock on it to regulate the passage away of the
water, and of the matters which settle towards the bottom of the cistern, and
then enters into the casing over the fire, and it is formed into several bends,
through and amongst which the water and the heated products from the fire
pass, and by such means the contents of the pipe become highly heated, and
the water exaporated; and the further end of such pipe is conducted into the
enclosed chamber below the cistern and horizontal flue, and the more solid
matters will be deposited in a compartment divided off to receive the same,
whilst the steam passing off from such pipe will pass through the fire on the
fire bars. Under the flue is a shelf or horizontal partition, and there is an
opening through the back with a cover or closely shutting door to admit of
matters being placed on the shelf to be dried. The fire door is provided with
a valve to regulate the introduction of air to the fire. The cistern or vessel is
to be kept constantly supplied with the sewage or other waters to be treated
as above explained. The number of pipes may be increased, and drying
chambers connected with the flue.
Figure is a vertical section, and Figure 2 is a horizontal section of
apparatus arranged according to my Invention. a is a case of sheet metal,
and is a closed cistern or vessel at the upper part thereof to contain the
sewage or other waters to be evaporated; these waters are separated by
filtration or otherwise from the solid matter they may contain, and are intro-
duced into the vessel b by a force pump, or in other convenient manner; c is
the fire box the fuel rests on the fire bars d, and the flame and products of
combustion pass up from the fire box and enter the flue e, which surrounds
the vessel, and they pass in this flue entirely round the vessel before they
escape at the chimney: is the fire door, it is furnished with a regulator to
admit a regulated quantity of air to the fire. The ash-pit or space under the
fire-box is divided at the lower part by the partition g, and h is a pipe by
which the scum and foam produced by the sewage or other waters in boiling
are conducted to the front of the ash-pit immediately under the fire where the
liquit or volatile part thereof becomes evaporated, and the solid or fixed
portion becomes dried up. The pipe also conducts into the ash-pit the
steam and gases liberated by the boiling sewage or other water, and these pass
through the fuel on the bars d, when such of the gases as are inflammable are
consumed, and the steam is decomposed into gases, which by their subsequent

page_text: combustion serve to heat the vessel b. The pipe i passes from the lower pari
of the vessel b, through the fire box, in the interior of which it is formed into
a coil to increase the surface exposed to the action of the fire. and it after-
wards enters the back compartment of the ash-pit. When the cock is
opened, the liquid in the vessel b passes by the pipe
through the fire box.
and becomes converted into steam, which enters the ash-pii this steam passes
through the fire. and is thus converted into inflammable gas: should any
sediment fall during the process of boiling the liquid in the vessel b, it will
pass away by the pipe i.
The solid matter originally separated from the sewage or other waters by
filtration or otherwise, is placed from time to time on the shelf . where it
becomes partially dried; it is then pushed forward, and falls down into the
space under the fire where the drying is completed: the matters which here
accumulate are removed from time to time and used as manure: 1 is a door
which is opened for the introduction of the solid matters; this door is made in
fit closely to prevent air entering the ash-pit. It will be seen that in the
apparatus described, the whole of the steam produced by the evaporation of
the liquid is caused to pass into a close ash-pit or chamber under the fire
bars, and to pass up through the fire. thus all offensive gases mixed with the
steam are effecinally destroyed. and the evaporation is conducted with a small
expenditure of fuel. In some cases, in place of having the cistern or containing
vessel at the top of the apparains, the boiler is of a cylindrical form, with a
cylindrical flue through it, and such vessel is placed within a cylindrical
case. having a fire-place and ash-pit at the lower parts thereof, and a chimney
al the upper part thereof, provision being made for the passage of streams of
air through the sides of the case to the fire above the fire bars. A pipe with a
cock thereon descends from the upper part of the vessel to the ash-pit under
the fire when the end of such pipe is perforated with numerous holes through
which the steam is conveyed into the fire, and the supply pipe has a branch
from it into the lower part of the containing vessel, and another branch at the
upper part of such vessel, and such supply pipe is provided with a cock above
the upper branch, and a cock below the lower branch.
Figure 3 is a front elevation, and Figure 4 is a vertical section of an
apparatus constructed in this manner:-a is the external case; b is the boiler;
c, the flue through it; d is the fire-place; e, the ash-pit; and, the chimney.
Fuel is supported within the fire-place on a grate g, and it is supplied with
air by the small holes h, above the grate. The steam generated from the
sewage or other waters in the boiler is conducted by the pipe i to the ash-pit,
where it is allowed to escape in small streams, and it passes up through the

page_text: fire, and becomes decomposed into inflammable gases, as before. A similar
apparains may be constructed with an oblong in place of a cylindrical boiler
and case. The sewage or other waters enter the boiler by the pipe ; the
solid matters separated from the sewage or other matters may be dried in a
drying chamber, heated by the flue of the apparatus. In some cases I employ
the apparatus above described, not only to evaporate sewage and other waters.
but also for the purpose of warming rooms and other places: and I also, in
some cases, charge the boiler with fresh water. and use a portion of the steam
generated for cooking and other purposes; and in some cases the liquid and
solid sewage together, or other water. is placed in closely fitted drawers or
chambers immediately beneath a furnace or a common grate, the steam and
offensive gases ascending through the fire. This I have used with foul and
greasy water in kitchen ranges and kitchen and parlor graies with great
saving of fuel.
Figure 5 is a front view of a stove arranged for the purpose. is a drawer
for receiving the sewage or other water, and which fits closely beneath the fire
grate. The sewage or other waters is placed in the drawer, the fire being
alight, and becomes quickly dried up. the steam and gases passing through the
fire becomes decomposed and burnt, and no offensive smell results; the dried
matter, is removed from time to time and used as manure. It will be
remarked that in all the arrangements herein shown and described that air is
excluded from the ash-pit or space below the fire-grate, and that steam and
gases alone are allowed to pass up through the fire. while the air necessary for
combustion of the gas produced by the decomposition of the water is intro-
duced on the upper side of the fire bars. or, as in the case of apparatus
previously described in closed furnaces. its admission is regulated according to
the nature and state of the fuel used.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Moule, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of August, in the year of om
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
HENRY MOULE. (L.S.)