Improvements in Regenerative Hydro-carbon Lamps.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1994-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Regenerative Hydro-carbon Lamps.
1, MAX DIETMAR of 15 Engel Ufer, in the City of Berlin in the Empire of
Germany, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a regenerative hydro-carbon lamp, in which petroleum
is gasified and then burnt without wicks being necessary.
According to iny invention, the petroleum receptacles are arranged in such
manner that the fluid in the outlet reservoir is maintained at a constant level.
Further, I provide an arrangement for effecting a regular dripping of the combustible
material into the pipes etc. leading to the gasifying retort, without the use of valves
or cocks, and also devices by means of which the petroleum is only fed to the
retort after the lamp has been sufficiently heated, for instance, by burning spirit
in order to gasify the oil. The lamp is also provided with a device for allowing
the air to mix with the gasified petroleum in the gasifying retort.
I will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which:
Fig. is a view of the complete lamp, in part vertical section.
Fig. 2, 3 & 4 show partly in section, elevations of modified devices, by means of
which the petroleum can only be fed to the gasifying retort after the necessary
quantity of spirit for pre-heating the lamp has been burnt.
The lamp consists essentially of the gasifying retort a, communicating with the
petroleum feed-pipe and with the gas-pipes c; the lower ends of the latter pass
through the ring d, whose openings or orifices admit the air, heated by the folded
mantle e, on both sides of the small flames & thereby cause same to spread out.
This air enters through openings of the casing, on which latter the chimney g
is fixed.
It is of special importance with this class of lamps, that the feeding of the
combustible inaterial or oil can be exactly regulated.
The oil is put into the receptacles, which are made of suitable form and size,
aud of which any desired number may be employed. These receptacles h, h',
connected by pipes 23, are closed both at their upper and lower ends; only the
one receptacle is provided with a cylindrical neck-like extension, with enlarged
end or mouth, whose lid & has an orifice k' through which the spindle of the valve
passes, which spindle is guided by a support or bracket, the valve being
controlled by a spring 13. After charging the receptacles through a suitable
opening, preferably closed by a screw-stopper (not shown in the drawing) the
neck of the receptacle, with the valve 1, is inserted into a casing m against the
bottom m of which the spindle l'abuts, so that the valve is opened against
the tension of the spring P.
The oil now passes from the receptacle, and the receptacle or receptacles
connected with same, into the casing, until the orifice is closed by the level of
the fluid in such casing; the oil is thus fed from the receptacle in accordance with
the quantity being consumed, so that the fluid is maintained at a constant level.
A reservoir o communicating by a pipe n with the casing m, is provided at its upper
end with an opening, through which one end of a siphon-like pipe p passes. This
pipe p is so hinged by brackets p' p² or in other suitable manner to the chimney y
(or other stationary part of the lamp) that it can be pulled down or lifted by means
of chains qq of the arm q until it reaches the position shown by dotted lines in
Fio 1

page_text: The free end of the pipe p is closed by a plate p provided with an orifice o
recess, through which the petroleum or oil drawn up from the reservoir o, by the
capillary attraction of the wick or fibrous material r, with which the pipe p is filled
can drip the oil in the reservoir e is kept at a constant level corresponding to that
in the casing m.
The petroleum only drips through the orifice near which a few links of a
chain pare attached from which the oil drips,-when the free end of the pipe pis
lowered by pulling down the lever, until the orifice is below the level of the
fluid in the reservoir o. When the pipe p is returned to the position shown by the
dotted lines in Fig. 1 no oil drips from same.
According to the extent of tilting the pipe », therefore, a regulation of the feed
of the oil is provided.
In the example shown in the drawing, the two receptacles . ' for the oil
communicate with each other by tubes, and are supported by the casings m, m²
connected by a cross har n, partly forming a tube, such cross bar at the same time
serving for attaching the reservoirs to the chimney by a holder al or other suitable
attachment. The casing m' is only fixed for making the lamp symmetrical and
for securely supporting the receptacle 41, no oil however passing into such easing o
from the closed receptacle 4', so that it is not necessary to provide another valve us
in the casing m.
The dripping petroleum falls into a funnel in immediate connection with the
feed-pipe
The spirit or like combustible material for heating the lamp is also fed through the
pipe, such spirit passing from the retort a through the pipes to a cup, placed
within a second cup and through which the burner tubes pass, the combustible
material being fed to the latter by wicks.
The wicks are lighted by opening the glass globe e. and extinguish themselves
when the quantity of spirit, necessary for henting the lamp sufficiently is exhausted.
The quantity of spirit found necessary for heating the lamp, is either fed directly
into the funnel &, and the pipe p for feeding the oil only lowered after the lamp
has been heated, or special devices may be employed, by means of which the oil
can be immedintely fed.
ין:
Modifications of such arrangements are shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4.
In Fig. 2. a receptacle is connected with the petroleum feed-pipe & by a pipe ;
the receptacle & is confined by stopper & with air-pipe 6, to the space required for
receiving the necessary quantity of spirit which is poured into the cup & reaches
the receptacle through the pipe & After the necessary quantity of spirit bas
been poured into the cup 6, the pipe can be lowered for the immediate feeding
of the oil.
The petroleum dripping from into the cup being lighter than such spirit,
forces the spirit out of the receptacle through the pipe to the pipe band from
thence through chamber a and pipes to the cup 7. When all the spirit is forced
out, the petroleum to be gasified enters the lamp or the pipe 4, in the same manner.
After the lamp is extinguished, the chamber is still full of petroleum, which,
when filling the chamber with spirit for the next heating would pass into the lamp
if the chamber had not been previously removed and emptied.
To avoid this, the device shown in Fig. 3 is recommended.
It consists of a removable reservoir holding the necessary quantity of spirit
for heating the lamp, and placed in the cup, such reservoir being provided with
dripping-dise, air pipe 6, over-flow-pipe and handle &".
As aforedescribed, the spirit is forced from the reservoir, by the lighter oil
dripping from the pipe p, up the pipe p into the cup and from thence into the
pipe; the oil then takes the same course. The oil remaining in the cup after
the lamp has been extinguished is poured out of the reservoir through the pipe 6º
before re-charging with spirit for the next heating.
The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 dispenses with an intermediate receptacle for
the spirit. A pipe is fixed in the end of the closed pipe p, & is of such a length,

page_text: that the oil which collects in the end of the closed pipe p when in the lowered
position, only passes through the pipe p when the spirit for heating the lanp &
which is put directly into the funnel, is exhausted, that is, when the lamp is
sufficiently heated.
When the pipe p is returned to its raised position, the petroleum collected in the
end of same flows back into the reservoir o.
In order that the air can mix with the gasified petroleum before being burnt, a
pipe w passing through the casing f of the lamp, & communicating with pipe, is
provided with a perforated screw cap on its screwed end, so that the air drawn
into the lamp can be regulated.
An incandescent body y may be secured to the ring d by means of a wire or
other suitable device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the unture of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
A regenerative hydro-carbon lamp, characterized by
1. The oil receptacles (h, ') whose outlet at the lower end of one of these
receptacles (4) is controlled by a spring valve (1) the spindle (4) of which, for
being opened, abuts against the bottom of a casing (m) when passing the outlet.
into such casing, for the purpose of maintaining the fluid at a constant level both in
the casing (m) and a reservoir (0) communicating therewith, substantially as
described and shown in the drawings.
2. The device for effecting a regular dripping of the oil into the feed pipe (4)
consisting of a pivotally arranged syphon-like pipe (p) filled with fibrous material
reaching into the reservoir (o), the oil drawn from the latter by capillary attraction,
dripping from the free end of the tube (p) when in the lowered position, substantially
as described and shown in the drawings.
3. The device for feeding spirit or other suitable burning material to the heating
wicks, consisting of :-
:―
a) the receptacle (3) from which the spirit is forced up the tube (2) into the
pipe () by the oil dripping from the pipe (p), substantially as described
and shown in Fig. 2; or
b) the removable reservoir (67) placed in the cup (6) and provided with over-
flow pipe (10) and pipe (4) through which the oil remaining after the lamp
has been extinguished, can be poured out, substantially as described & shown
in Fig. 3.
4. The device by means of which the petroleum can only drip after a certain
time, during which the lamp is being heated by the burning spirit, consisting of an
upright tube (p) projecting through the closed end of the pipe (p), substantially
as described and shown in Fig. 4.
5. The arrangement of a pipe (1) provided with adjustable perforations and
communicating with the gasifying retort (a) by the tube (6) for allowing the gasified
oil, to mix with the air drawn in by such pipe, substantially as described and shown.
n the drawings.
Dated this 25th day of L 1901