IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING GRAIN, STRAWS, AND OTHER SIMILAR CROPS, AND FOR BINDING THE SAME INTO BUNDLES OR TRUSSES
Year: 1875

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Friedländer, of the Firm Friedländer
and Frank, of Vienna, in thc Empire of Austria, Agricultural
Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
COLLECTING GRAIN, STRAWS, AND OTHER SIMILAR CROPS, AND FOR BINDING THE
SAME INTO BUNDLES OR TRUSSES."-Partly a communication to his Firm,
Friedländer and Frank aforesaid, by Casimir Jachimovicz, of Jaros-
chenke in the Empire of Russia.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Friedländer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd January 1875.
I, JOSEPH FRIEDLÄNDER, of the Firm Friedländer & Frank; of
Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, Agricultural Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR COLLECTING GRAIN, STRAWS, AND OTHER SIMILAR CROPS, AND FOR BINDING THE
SAME INTO BUNDLES OR TRUSSES," partly communicated to my Firm,

page_text: ground to run under the material, but that the points cannot get into
the ground; to prevent this under all circumstances safety wheels are
attached. The grain, as it rises up the fingers, is passed on to an elevator
upon which prongs or fingers are fixed. The belts, which are connected
5 across by a bar, run over rollers like an endless belt. The grain is
carried up and falls over the end into a reservoir, and the prongs or
fingers are kept clean by a clearer. The material in dropping into the
reservoir falls upon a rake which is fixed on an axle, and it is by a
motion of this axle that the material is brought from the reservoir into
a cradle. The clearer is provided with wires fixed in such a way that
by a motion of the rake the points of the same pass between other
wires, and by this the loose material gots already into a bundle form.
.
The cradle consists of iron bars connected by wooden bars, and is
turnable on shafts. The material in the cradle is pressed firm by two
arms, which are fixed-on a separate shaft, and move with the requisito
motion.
One end of a tic band is put in an opening, the other end into the
jaw end of a forked tongue, the tongue being like a handle moveable in a
clamp.
After the material is pressed firm in the cradle the workman sitting
on his scat takes the end of the band out of the first opening and brings
it into a second opening formed like a fork, the prongs of which the
attendant presses together while he is holding the two ends firm, and
by turning the handle several times a twisting into a rope is brought
about by hooks and upon the bundle to make by this operation the knot.
After this manipulation the cradle makes a half circular motion, and the
bundle drops out of it to the ground.
The motion of the different manipulations is produced by the following
appliances, thus:-The clevator is moved by cog wheels, belts, or chain
pulleys, but as the motion of the elevator must not be continual, but be
out of action while the rake is in action to bring the material into the
cradle there is a mechanical arrangement on the upper clevator shaft by
which through a pulley in connection with a fixed coupling turns the
shaft; this coupling is connected by a fork with a small pulley, which
makes a horizontal motion upon a screw through which the elevator
shaft passes. This screw is fastened on to a portion of the frame. A
pulley is brought into connection with another pulley fixed on the rako

page_text: may
shaft, and when the rake commences its motion to transfer the material
out of the reservoir into the cradle one pulley acts upon the other, which
makes a horizontal motion backwards, and draws the coupling out of its
pulley to permit one of the pulleys to run loose on the upper clevator
shaft, and the clevator will stop until by the back motion of the rake
shaft the coupling is brought again towards it, when the pulley and the
elevator operates again. All other mechanisms are produced by a wheel
which is fixed on a manacle, or to the main driving wheel. This wheel
has three rows of round or square holes at certain distances apart, or
there be cams fixed at the same distances by which the clutches, in
the case of them being pressed upon it, have to follow the motion of the
wheel. The clutches run upon guides which are moveable on the fixed
shaft, they being in connection with other pulleys by belts or chains, so
if one of the clutches, is pressed into one of the holes, or before one of
the cams of the wheel, it follows the motion of same, the corres-
ponding pulley also making a motion. The three clutches are put in
motion according to the demand by three pedals. To bring the three
clutches out of action there is a wedge fixed on the frame close over onc
of the pullics, so that if one of the clutches comes upon that wedge it is
forced out of the hole, and the 'motion of the corresponding pulley is
stopped at once. By counterweights the pedals are brought back into
their original position.
The back motion of the rake after the delivery of the material into the
cradle is got by the connection of the pulleys which are fixed on the arm
shaft, and as soon as the motion of the arms commences to press a bundle
the rake naturally makes the back motion into the reservoir, and from
the same cause a connection on the arm shaft with the cradle shaft and
the cradle will bring the arms into their original places. The cradle
motion is got by centre of gravity in such a way that after the
weight of the bundle has left the cradle by dropping on to the ground it,
i.c., the cradle will return by its own weight and close the opening..
To give the laborer time to make the knots with the bands the arms
must press the bundle till the manipulation is over, which is done by
having on the side of one pulley a rack wheel, into which a clutch from
the shaft catches; this clutch goes out of the rack by the motion of the
cradle, and leaves the arm free to go back. On the end of the arm
shaft there is a counting machine fixed to show the number of bundles
made in a day.

page_text: . The machine is preferably drawn by 2 horses or oxen, and driven by a
man sitting on the machine. The second laborer, who is sitting on the
back seat, puts one end of a band into the opening, and after the reservoir
is sufficiently full he presses with his foot a pedal; by this the rake motion
is established, and the elevator is stopped in the next moment. After
the material is in the cradle he presses another pedal with his foot, by
which the arms for pressing get their motion. At the same time the
rake returns into the reservoir, and sets the elevator in motion again.
The clutch of one pedal can be put into connection with the other pedal,
if desired, to get a self-acting motion. The laborer having taken the
end of the band and fixed it in the tongue, he turns this tongue two or
three times, and after having made the motion of the hook by which the
knot is finished he presses with his foot the pedal by which the cradle is
moved, the bundle drops, and the arms and the cradle come into their
original positions.
By the motion of the cradle the opening is closed to the laborer, and
he puts in a new band end. The time to make a bundle is so short that
it takes only the fourth or the third part of the time that the machine
requires to refill sufficiently the reservoir.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Friedlander in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 23rd July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
FRIEDLANDER, of the Firm Friedlander and Frank, of Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria, Agricultural Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Friedlander,
Her special licence, that I, the said Joseph Friedlander, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such othiers as I, the said Joseph Fried-
lander, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others; from time to time, and at all times there.

page_text: The motion of the different manipulations is produced by the following
appliances, thus:-The elevator is moved by cog wheels, belts, or chain
pulleys X, X, but as the.motion of the elevator must not be continual,
but be out of action while the rake is in action to bring the material
into the cradle, there is a mechanical arrangement on the upper elevator
shaft, which through a pulley. in connection with a fixed coupling F
turns the shaft. This coupling is connected by a fork with a small
pulley m, which makes a horizontal motion upon a screw through which
the elevator shaft passes. This screw is fastened on to a portion of the
frame. A pulley is brought into connection with another pulley n fixed
on the rake shaft; and when the rake commences its motion to transfer
the material out of the reservoir into the cradle one pulley acts upon the
other, which makes a horizontal motion backwards, and draws the
coupling out of its pulley to permit the pulley to run loose on the upper
elevator shaft, and the elevator will stop until by the back motion of the
rake shaft the coupling is brought again towards it, when the pulley
and the elevator operate again. All other mechanisms are produced by
a wheel J, which is fixed on a manacle, or to the main driving wheel.
This wheel has three rows of round or square holes at certain distances
apart, or there may be cams fixed at the same distances by which the
clutches g, g¹, g³, in the case of them being pressed upon it, have to
follow the motion of the wheel. The clutches run upon guides e, which
are moveable on the fixed shaft H, they being in connection with other
pulleys by belts or chains or ropes of different consistencies, so if one of
the clutches is pressed into one of the holes, or before one of the cams of
the wheel it follows the motion of same, the corresponding pulley K'
also making a motion. The three clutches are put in motion according
to the demand by three pedals P. To bring the three clutches out of
action there is a wedge O fixed on the frame close over the pulley J, so
that if one of the clutches comes upon that wedge it is forced out of the
hole, and the motion of the corresponding pulley is stopped at once.
By counterweights or springs the pedals are brought back into their
original positions.
The back motion of the rakes after the delivery of the material into the
onelle is not be the conncation of the nullons K1 N which ane fixed on

page_text: cradle shaft q, and the cradle will bring the arms into their original
places. The cradle motion is got by centre of gravity in such a way
that after the weight of the bundle has left the cradle by dropping on to
the ground it, i.c., the cradle will return by its own weight and close the
opening.
•
To give the labourer time to make the knots with the bands the arms
must press the bundle till the manipulation is over, which is dono by
having on the side of one pulley q' a rack wheel, into which a clutch
from the shaft catches. This clutch goes out of the rack by the motion
of the cradle, and leaves the arm free to go back. On the end of the
arm shaft there may be a counting machine fixed to show the number of
bundles made in a. day.
The machine is preferably drawn by two horses or oxen, and driven
by a man sitting on the machine. The second labourer, who is sitting
on the back seat, puts one end of a band into the opening, and after the
reservoir is sufficiently full he presses with his foot a pedal. By this the
rake motion is established, and the elevator is stopped in the next
moment. After the material is in the cradle he presses another pedal
with his foot, by which the arms for pressing get their motion, at the
same time the rake returns into the reservoir and sets the elevator in
motion again. The lover for the clutch of the arm motion can be put
into connection with the pulley K', if desired, to get a self-acting motion,
so that after the rake has delivered a pin on the pulley, presses the clutch
upon the holes of drum J. The labourer having taken the end of the
band and fixed it in the tongue he turns this tongue two or three times,
and after having made the motion of the hook by which the knot is
finished he presses with his foot the pedal by which the cradle is moved,
the bundle drops, and the arms and the cradle come into their original
positions.
By the motion of the cradle the opening is closed to the labourer, and
he puts in a new band end. The time to make a bundle is so short that
it takes only the fourth or the third part of the time that the machine
requires to refill sufficiently the reservoir.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as the
Invention herein referred to,―
The machine constructed and arranged as shown by which grain,

page_text: straws, and other similar crops can be underrun, collected, formed into
bundles, tied or secured, and delivered from the machine, whether such
machine be attached to or form part of a reaping machine, or as a
separate machine, as set forth.
Secondly. I claim the employment of two reservoirs, in one of which
a bundle of grain can be formed, and the other in which the tying or
binding operation takes place, the bundle being transferred from one to
the other mechanically, whether in the machine shown or in other forms
of machines used for the purposes of this Invention, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Friedlander, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
-
JOSEPH FRIEDLAENDER. (L.S.)