matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC SAFETY LAMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Theophilus Coad at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd April 1883.
THEOPHILUS COAD of 4 South Street, Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex,
Electrician "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC SAFETY LAMPS'
This invention relates to improvements in miners' incandescent electric safety
lamps, the object of the invention being to provide means whereby on the breakage
of the casing or lantern of the lamp the electric current will be automatically
broken and the lamp thereby immediately extinguished and the danger of explosion
prevented.
In electric safety lamps as hitherto constructed for use in mines, if the globe
enclosing the filament be broken the filament will generally retain sufficient heat
to ignite carburetted hydrogen, and consequently explosion may ensue.
It has
been proposed to enclose an incandescent lamp within a glass casing or lantern filled
with water, but in this arrangement if the glass casing be broken the water will
escape and the lamp is then practically unprotected and therefore dangerous.
Now according to my improvements I employ an incandescent electric lamp
enclosed within a glass casing or lantern as hitherto. The said casing 1 then fill
with water impregnated with carbonic acid gas under pressure. In a suitable
position in the lamp casing I provide a flexible disc (or equivalent means) to which
is attached a contact piece in such a manner that the pressure within the casing
will cause contact to be made so as to establish the electric circuit. If the casing
be broken the gas and liquid contained therein will escape, the interior pressure
will be removed and the circuit will be immediately broken and the lamp
extinguished. Should the lamp globe also be broken simultaneously with the outer
casing no danger would result.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MODE OF RELEASING HARNESSED CATTLE FROM VEHICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Corbould at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st July 1883.
WILLIAM CORBOULD of Peckham in the County of Surrey Decorator, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OF RELEASING HARNESSED CATTLE FROM VEHICLES."
The invention relates to speedy and improved modes for releasing cattle from
the vehicles to which they may be harnessed, and as regards vehicles with poles or
double harness consists for this purpose in making the cross bar which holds the
trace attachments with moveable or detachable trace pins or hooks, and the hook
on the pole also moveable so that these attachments can be readily actuated by the
driver of the vehicle, through levers, rods, bolts, springs and cords connected with
such attachments, and the animals be released.
As regards single harness the invention consists in making the traco pins or
hooks as also the shafts moveable or detachable in such fashion that the driver can
by means of levers, rods, bolts, springs and cords disconnect the attachments and
the animal thereby is released.
And in combination with these improvements the invention embraces the locking
of the fore carriage of vehicles by means of levers and one or more bolts, at the
same time and by the same mechanism that releases the traces poles or shafts; for
this purpose I use a toothed segment and drop a rack bolt into it so that I lock the
fore carriage at any angle-The mechanism is connected with a lever or pusher
placed at or near the box or sent of the driver.
The arrangement of levers rods bolts springs and cords aro as follows: A cord or
chain is attached to a bolt or bolts shot into the trace pin or hooks, said bolts being
kept in position by springs-the chain is pivoted to a rod or rods which pass
through the drivers seat of the carriage or vehicle to a lever with a convenient
handle, which the driver can actuate and so release the cattle harnessed to the
vehicle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Dixon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1883.
ROBERT DIXON of South View Crook in the County of Durham Colliery Agent
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS "
This Invention has for its object improvements in coke ovens and relates to the
mode or manner of obtaining the bye products that are given off in the carbon-
ization of coal in coke ovens, especially in coke ovens of the class known as
Breckon and Dixon's Ovens." These ovens have flues under the whole surface,
of the sole or bottom of the ovens, entirely preventing any means being adopted
for drawing off the gases from the carbonization of coal at the bottom or sole of
the ovens. This being the case I construct coke ovens having the inner case or
lining at several points, of perforated bricks or fire clay lumps, and through them
and the case or lining I draw the gases given off. There being combustion going
on at the bottom as well as the top of the charge of coal in the Breckon and Dixon
Ovens, there is as compared with the ordinary coke ovens double the quantity of
gas given off in a given time.
It will be seen that from coke ovens of this construction, the gas exhauster will
draw the gases obtained from carbonization through much thinner layers of coal,
than where the gases have to be drawn through the entire depth of the charge of
coal in a coke oven, I also propose to bave perforated bricks, or fire clay lumps
for a like purpose in the inner part of any kind of coke ovens, above the bottom
or sole.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGE HOLDERS OR MAGAZINES FOR BREECHLOADING FIRE-ARMS."USE WI
Year: 1883

page_text: IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTRIDGE HOLDERS OR MAGAZINES FOR
BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS."
USE
WITH
AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSING AIR BY SUCCESSIVE EXPLOSIONS OF COMBUSTIBLE GASEOUS MIXTURE
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Imray, of No: 28 Southampton Buildings, in the
County of Middlesex for an Invention of. "AN IMPROVED METHOD AND
APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSING AIR BY SUCCESSIVE EXPLOSIONS OF COMBUSTIBLE
GASEOUS MIXTURE" communicated to him from abroad by Jakob Schweizer
of Paris France
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1883.
44
JOHN IMRAY of N° 28 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex
AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMPRESSING AIR BY SUCCESSIVE
EXPLOSIONS OF COMBUSTIBLE GASEOUS MIXTURE Communicated to me from.
Abroad by Jakob Schweizer of Paris France
"
When a combustible gaseous mixture is exploded in a close vessel there is a
great elevation of pressure, and it is this pressure which is applied in gas motor
engines to act on the piston.
This invention relates to means of applying the explosion to compress air
directly without any intermediate mechanism. For this purpose a quantity of air
is admitted to a strong vessel and then a quantity of gas, the gas being supplied to
the upper part of the vessel so that so that the mixture there is the richest. This
being ignited, explodes, compressing the air in the vessel and forcing it past a check
valve into a reservoir whence it can be drawn for working engines or other
purposes. In the apparatus employed the igniting orifice also serves for admission
of air, and a valve is arranged which automatically cuts off the gas supply whenever
the pressure in the reservoir attains a determined limit.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side view partly in section of the
apparatus, Fig. 2 is a plan partly in section and Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse
section. A is the cylindrical vessel in which the explosion and compression take
place, and B is the reservoir for the compressed air which enters it past the spring
check valve C. The gas is conveyed by a pipe D perforated at its upper end to

page_text: claim
First. The herein described method of compressing air by explosion of
combustible gaseous mixture acting directly on air in a vessel without intervening
mechanism.
Second. The construction and arrangement of apparatus for operating in the
manner referred to in the preceding claim, substantially as herein described and
illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Third. Providing against excess of pressure in the reservoir by means of a loaded
slide moved by excess of pressure so as to cut off the gas supply, substantially as
herein described.
Fourth. In combination with the compressing vessel and reservoir and their
valves and slides, the cylinder K with its connections for moving the supply slide,
and for drawing in the air and igniting flame, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof I the said John Imray have hereunto set my hand and
seal this ninth day of February in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-three.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING AND DISCHARGING APPARATUS FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED WATERS AND THE LIKE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION left by George Curr Thompson and
Arthur Gill Thompson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
19th November 1883.
GEORGE CURR THOMPSON and ARTHUR GILL THOMPSON both of Sheffield in the
County of York. IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING AND DISCHARGING APPARATUS
FOR BOTTLES CONTAINING AERATED WATERS AND THE LIKE "
This Invention relates to apparatus or appliances to open and discharge the
contents from bottles which are stoppered internally with balls, discs or plugs and
which contain liquids and-or-fluids under pressure.
The essential features of this Invention are firstly a cap, bush or socket with
discharging nozzle secured to the bottle in any convenient manner either internally
or externally in combination with a solid spindle sliding therein by which the ball,
disc or plug can be forced from its seat allowing the contents of the bottle to flow
through the discharge nozzle; and secondly a cap, bush or socket--without a
discharging nozzle-secured in or on the bottle neck in combination with a hollow
spindle or tube sliding in the said cap, bush or socket for the purpose of forcing
the ball, disc or plug from its seat and allow the contents of the bottle to flow
through the said tube or hollow spindle. The bottle neck can be formed with
longitudinal and transverse grooves or recesses and the cap or socket with
corresponding projections and recesses, and in placing the said cap in position, the
projections thereon will be entered in the longitudinal grooves until they are
opposite the transverse grooves when the said cap will be rotated to bring the said
projections into the said grooves by which it will be securely held.
As a modification, the ball, disc, plug or other stopper can be secured to-or
form part of the solid spindle and be used with the bush or cap with a discharge
nozzle, or the said ball, disc or plug can be secured to or form part of-the hollow
spindle or tube, and be used with the bush or cap, which has no discharge nozzle.
As a further modification, the hollow spindle with collar and elastic washer and
with handles, can be used as an opening and discharging apparatus for ordinary
bottles which are stoppered internally the elastic washer fitting on to, or into, the
bottle neck to form a gas-and water-tight joint.

page_text: This improved apparatus can be constructed to apply to internally stoppered
bottles the necks of which are formed with either internal or external screw threads
for securing in position the said cap, bush or socket. The loose ball, disc or plug
and india rubber washer and seat with which our improved appliances are employed
are of ordinary construction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BANDS OR HOOPS FOR HOOPING BALES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by August Alexander Eichler at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th April 1883.
AUGUST ALEXANDER EICHLER of Alexandria Egypt at present residing at the
Charing Cross Hotel in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN BANDS
OR HOOPS FOR HOOPING BALES
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in bands or hoops for hooping
bales,
In order to connect the ends of bands or hoops around bales whilst the balo
is held compressed I provide fastenings at each end of the band or hoop as
follows:-
The end of the band or hoop is doubled upon itself and rivetted through the two
thicknesses of metal.
A square hole is punched through the doubled metal to receive the stem of a
hook like stud. The stud is inserted and secured by clenching or rivetting over
the end of its stem.
Another rectangular hole is also punched through the doubled metal to receive
a similar stud to that above mentioned which is fixed in the other end of the band
or hoop. The two ends of the band or hoop are made counterparts the one of the
other and the stud on either end is adapted to enter and engage with the
corresponding hole in the opposite end of the band or hoop.
The stud has a shoulder immediately above the stem and on the side opposite
the hoop; this shoulder taking a firm bearing upon the doubled metal prevents
the stud being displaced by the strain it has to resist.
The studs may alone serve to bind together the two thicknesses of the doubled
end of the band or hoop or an additional rivet may also be employed.
If desired the studs or hoops may both be set into one of the doubled ends
whilst two holes to receive them are provided in the other.
According to another arrangement, the ends of the band or hoop are doubled as
before described but the bends are made shorter and on opposite sides of the band
or hoop so that when the extremities of the band or hoop are brought together
around the compressed bale the ends of the metal abut on each other.
A ring or slider is also provided to slide upon the band or hoop and when the
ends have been brought together as described this is slipped on to the overlapping
ends and so they are prevented separating.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR BREAKING UP SUGAR CANE INTO LENGTHS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thornton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th July 1883.
JOIN THORNTON of Cleckheaton in the county of York. Machine Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING OR BREAKING UP
SUGAR CANE INTO LENGTHS.
The object of my invention is to construct a machine to quickly cut or break up
sugar cane into short lengths either separately or in bundles and at the same time
to self sharpen the knives.
I employ a rotary knife arranged on a spindle preferably vertical, parallel to the
knifo spindle is a cylinder in which are apertures at intervals around its periphery
into which the canes required to be cut are placed either soparately or in bundles the
cylinder and knife run in opposite directions an adjustable plate placed below the
cylinder for the canes to drop upon, regulates the lengths into which they are cut,
an emery wheel or stone is fixed under or on both sides of the knife to keep it sharp
and clean, or instead of a circular knife an endless hand knife running at right
angles to cylinder, may be used with knives, or breakers at intervals, along tho face
of its periphery from end to end, the canes are laid upon a travelling sheet which
delivers them to a rest so that the knives successively break them off in lengths
emery wheels or stones may be arranged to sharpen the knives as they revolve.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF TREATING PLASTER OF PARIS FOR USE IN BUILDING, DECORATIVE AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Michel Boekbinder at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1883.
JAMES MICHEL BOEKBINDER, of Thornhill Road, Barnsbury, in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturer, AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF TREATING PLASTER OF
PARIS FOR USE IN BUILDING, DECORATIVE AND OTHER PURPOSES,
My Invention relates to an improved process of treating plaster of Paris (gypsum)
for use in building, decorative and other purposes, and it has for its object to
indurate the plaster so treated.
For the purpose of my invention I employ dextrine, which I combine with the
plaster, in the manner as hereinafter set forth, that is to say, I first dissolve the
dextrine, either in hot or cold water, until the liquid assumes a proper consistency,
in the proportion of say 2 tablespoonsful of the dextrine to /, pint of water.
This liquid is then added to the plaster in its plastic condition in such proportions
as to render the same more or less hard according to the use to which the plaster
it destined.
A proper degree of induration or hardness may be attained by adding say 3 or
4 tablespoonsful of the dissolved dextrine or liquid to a proportionate quantity of
the plaster in its plastic condition, say a pail full, and then intimately stirring the
mass so as to thoroughly incorporate the liquid dextrine with the plaster.
A greater degree of induration or hardness may be attained by the addition of
an increased quantity of the liquid dextrine to the before mentioned quantity of
plaster.
MENTS IN OR RELATING TO LIGHT FENCING
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Howarth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th May 1883.
ROBERT HOWARTH of Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford
MENTS IN OR RELATING TO LIGHT FENCING,"
"IMPROVE-
The object of this invention is to prevent animals causing injury to light fencing
that is to say fencing which is not strong enough to withstand the strain of animals
pressing roughly against it.
It has been usual for this purpose to twist barbs or projecting pointed wires into
one or more wires forming part of the fence, but in addition to appreciably
increasing the cost of the fence these barbs have been found to cause considerable
injury to the animals
Now the object of my invention is to construct light fencing which without the
use of barbs or similar contrivances will be effectually protected from damage by
animals and which on the other hand will not cause injury to them. For this
purpose I support two of the wires forming part of the fence by insulators' carried
by the uprights or standards of the fence. connect each of these two wires at
one end to a source of electricity such for example as a voltaic battery working in
connection with a Ruhmkorff coil and which may with advantage be enclosed in a
box sunk in the ground. The other ends of the wires I leave free, and the positions
of the two wires relatively to each other must be such that while normally apart or
insulated from each other an animal pushing against the fencing will place his body
in contact with both of them. The electric current will always be ready to flow
through the wires from the battery to any point where the circuit is complete so
that immediately an animal completes the circuit by pressing against the two wires
he receives a shock which will naturally cause him to move away.
Although I have described that only two of the wires are connected with the
battery one or more additional pairs of wires may be connected in like manner.
Or a set of four wires may be placed at the top of the fence and arranged in a
square transversely and so that the two in each case connected to the same pole of
the battery are diagonal to one another; thus an animal will receive a shock.
whether he presses sideways against the fence or rubs on the top of or underneath
the wires,
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING FABRICS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Mather of the Firm of Messieurs Mather and
Platt of the Salford Iron Works Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Engineer for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING
FABRICS
"
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Mather at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1883.
WILLIAM MATHER of the Firm of Messieurs Mather and Platt of the Salford
Iron Works Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PRINTING FABRICS
"
My improved machine consists of suitable cast iron side frames carrying
between them on slides a movable table on which are placed colors designed to
print off. The table is moved to and fro under a bowl to be presently described
by means of a first motion shaft with pinion wheels driving spur wheels having
pins and blocks working in slots of arms or levers pivoted at foot of frame: to the
top of the pivoted arms are attached metal or other bands or straps two to each
arm which bands or straps are connected to the color table and move the same to
and fro' as the spur wheels revolve and oscillate the arms.
Above the side frames are fixed cast iron uprights carrying in suitable bearings
a bowl with screws and levers for pressing on the color table: in the bowl are
holes and on the table are pitch pins that enter these holes to cause the bowl to
turn and to stop and commence its rotary motion at the right time to print the
pattern continuously and evenly on the fabric passing round the bowl. The batch
or roll of fabric or material to be printed and a drag roller are raised and
lowered with the bowl. The bowl is raised by cams revolving with the shaft
which moves the oscillating arms so that at the extreme end of the stroke the
.

page_text: bowl is raised from the color table and remains elevated by the cams until the
table has made its backward stroke when the bowl descends into contact with
the table
The cloth or material to be printed passes round the bowl and moves with it.
Above the bowl is fixed a wrought iron stay with pitch pins which pins fit into
holes in the bowl when it is raised.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF GAS FOR ILLUMINATING AND OTHER PURPOSES FROM HYDRO-CARBONS AND IN THE APPARATUS THEREFOR.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fredrick Schnell, Abel
Heywood, the younger, and William Darbyshire at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 7th March 1883.
JOHN FREDRICK SCHNELL, ABEL HEYWOOD the younger and WILLIAM
DARBYSHIRE all of Manchester in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PRODUCTION OF GAS FOR ILLUMINATING AND OTHER PURPOSES FROM
HYDRO-CARBONS AND IN THE APPARATUS THEREFOR.
"
The object of our Invention is to produce gas from hydro-carbons by means of
a simple and handy apparatus to be used in places where coal gas is not readily
obtainable and at a much cheaper rate.
In performing our Invention we make use of a sealed cistern partly filled with
hydro-carbons such as coal-tar or naphtha or gasoline products in a fluid and solid
state mixed, or in either separately: we connect to this cistern a pipe one end of
which is attached to the upper surface of a stationary outer shell or drum: this
drum is watertight and provided with an opening on its upper surface through
which it may be filled with water to about one-half its depth or more or less: this
opening also serves to admit air.
Inside the hollow drum is a cylinder with buckets round its periphery which
revolves in the water: this cylinder runs in bearings made in the ends of the
hollow drum and its axis or shaft projects at one end and may be driven in any
convenient manner.
By giving motion to the cylinder with buckets a steady current of air is caused
to flow from the hollow drum through the pipe and to pass into the cistern
containing the hydro-carbons: this cistern is connected by a pipe to another cistern
provided with cells or chambers filled with sponge, lime or other suitable substance
for purifying purposes: the gas from the first cistern passes through these cells and
becomes more highly illuminating and purer The gas is then conducted to a gas
holder of the ordinary construction ready to be delivered for consumption as
required.
When the gas holder is full or nearly so it may act upon a brake or lever which
by suitable appliances stops the revolving cylinder and the apparatus until the
level of the gas falls when an automatic arrangement causes the apparatus to be
again set in motion and the manufacture of gas resumed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOB ACTUATING ELECTRIC BELLS AND ELECTRIC INDICATORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Justus Eck, Douglas James
Callow, and Cecil Burman Callow at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 4th April 1883.
HENRY JUSTUS Eck of Torriano Avenue Camden Town in the County of
Middlesex DOUGLAS JAMES CALLOW and CECIL BURMAN CALLOW both of
Highgate Road also in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOB ACTUATING ELECTRIC BELLS AND ELECTRIC INDICATORS."
The object of this invention is to simplify apparatus for actuating electric bells
and electric indicators. Hitherto in order to economise battery power it has been
found necessary to employ two coils to actuate the bell and two coils to actuate
each drop in the indicator the poles of which (when such coils are excited) attract
an armature composed of soft iron. Now according to this invention we are
enabled to attract a soft iron armature by means of one coil for the bell and one
coil for each drop of the indicator without increasing the amount of battery power.
As regards the bell in order to effect the above we form the core of the coil with
lateral polar extensions (by adding pole pieces on to the ends thereof or by other
suitable means) so that the ends of the poles shall be exposed in a line or nearly
so to the coil of wire in order that the armature (which may be of the ordinary
kind and fixed in the ordinary way) may be attracted by the poles of such coil in
the same way as would be the case with an ordinary horse shoe magnet. As
regards the drop for indicator the coil is constructed in the ordinary way but the
armature is made fork shaped so as to form lateral extensions the coil is fixed
between the said extensions of the armature which latter is arranged so as to
oscillate and has an arm fixed thereto to which is connected the drop so that when
the coil is excited it will attract the armature by means of the lateral extensions
and cause the drop to fall to the hole provided in the indicator.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STREET OR OTHER GRATINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Jordan at the Office of tho
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1883.
EDWARD JORDAN of Cardiff in the County of Glamorgan Mechanical Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STREET OR OTHER GRATINGS
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in gully grids.
The gully box is covered by a grating which can be easily handled and when
the grid is required to be opened for cleaning or other purposes a key is inserted
through an opening therefor on the undersido in the grating, and turns or other-
wise moves a cast iron bolt or equivalent device so that the grating can be lifted.
When the required work has been done, the grating is again placed in position
and locked and cannot be removed except by the koy.
It will at once be seen that not only must the key be applied but it would be
impossible to take the dimensions and particulars of such keys without first
having the grip opened.
The lock is of any simple and convenient construction being a pieco of metal
dropped into a holo cast in the box to receive it thereby requiring no fitting
consequently there is nothing to corrode or deteriorate through long exposure to
water and noxious gases or in any way to get out of good working order there
being no hinges or hinge joints or other devices that require fitting.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Howard and Edward Tenney
Bousfield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January
1883.
JAMES HOWARD and EDWARD TENNEY BOUSFIELD, both of Bedford in the
County of Bedford, Engineers "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES."
This invention relates to a novel construction of single acting gas engine the
objects being to obtain an effective explosion of a compressed charge of the
explosive mixture of gases on the motor side of the piston at every revolution of
the crauk shaft; to effect the required compression of the explosive charge at each
revolution without an auxiliary pump, and to keep down to a minimum the
temperature of the wearing surfaces whereby the wear and tear of the piston and
cylinder will be diminished.
In our improved engine the working cylinder is fitted with a piston, the rod of
which works through an air-tight stuffing box in the cylinder lid: and connected
with the cylinder at each end thereof by suitable passages or ports is a combustion
tube or chamber preferably running alongside the cylinder. Into this chamber the
charge of explosive mixture is delivered from the cylinder, and is compressed by
the back motion of the piston preparatory to its ignition. The piston preferably
on the side from which the piston rod projects, draws in the charge of explosive
mixture as it makes its backward or return stroke, and forces the charge into the
combustion chamber by its forward or propelling stroke.
The
Suitable valves operated by cams or other means control the influx of the charge
into the cylinder and its outflow from the cylinder to the combustion tube.
motor side of the piston receives the force of each ignited charge as the expanded
gases issue from the combustion chamber and force the piston to make its forward
stroke.
The pressure on the piston we relieve at a given point of the traverse of the
piston by opening the exhaust valve which we close before the completion of the
forward stroke. During this stroke the charge in front of the piston for the
succeeding explosion is forced into the combustion chamber which operation is
finished at the same time that the forward stroke is completed. By the return
stroke of the piston this charge is compressed in the combustion chamber, hence

page_text: the result will be that a charge may be compressed and effectively exploded at
every rotation of the crank shaft, and as the explosion takes place in the combustion
chamber which may be more or less insulated from the cylinder the heat thereby
generated will only to a modified extent be transmitted to the cylinder and moving
parts of the engine.
From the foregoing it will be understood that when the piston is at its starting
point the engine will contain two charges of explosive mixture namely a compressed
charge ready for firing in the combustion chamber and an uncompressed charge in
front of the piston.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY TRUCKS OR WAGGONS AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ishmael Davies at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1883.
ISHMAEL DAVIES of the City of Manchester Coal Merchant
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY TRUCKS OR WAGGONS AND OTHER VEHICLES"
The objects of these improvements are, to obtain greater safety and various
facilities in coupling and uncoupling railway trucks or waggons and other vehicles;
and consist of a special attachment to the ordinary chain or other coupling
whereby the operation may be performed without the operator going between the
vehicles for that purpose.
To accomplish this and to effect my improvements, I attach to the coupling loop
or the chain link or other coupling, by means of welding, rivetting, or of a
Mechanical clip, a suitable stud or pin on which is jointed a bent or elbow rod or
lever, which passes through a slotted bearer attached to the body of the vehicle,
and which bent rod or lever terminates in a suitably formed handle projecting from
the side of the truck or other vehicle.
The slotted bearer forms a fulcrum whereon the rod or lever obtains a moveable
purchase, in such manner that the operator may couple or uncouple without
passing between the vehicles, by lifting the loop or chain link on and off the hook
at the end of the draw bar or vehicle by means of the bent or elbow rod or lever
before named
AND RELATING TO PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Dean at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March 1883.
WILLIAM CHARLES DEAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
MENTS IN AND RELATING TO PIPES FOR SMOKING TOBACCO "
"IMPROVE-
My Invention has for its object a simple and efficient construction of pipe for
smoking tobacco and consists of a longitudinally divided pipe so that the pipe is
composed of pieces that can be separated and when separated expose the interior of
the bowl and stem for cleaning purposes.
In the carrying out of my Invention under one method, the pipe is longitudinally
divided, horizontally through the stem and vertically through the bowl, so that the
upper portion of the stem and the back of the bowl are in one piece and can be
removed from the under portion of the stem and the front of the bowl, thus
exposing the interior of the pipe for cleaning purposes. The two parts of the pipe
are held together by sleeves, or clips which slide over the stem and the top of the
bowl and keep the parts together. The joints between the parts of the pipe are
provided with dowals and may have a jointing of paper, felt, or the like. The
clips, or sleeves may also be lined with material such as felt.
Under another method the pipe is horizontally divided through the stem and
lower portion of the bowl only.
Under another method the pipe is divided vertically through the stem and bowl
Under another method and in the case of loose bowls into which the stem fits, it
is only necessary that the stem should be divided.
As a means of clipping the divided parts of the pipe together the mouth-piece at
its point of attachment acts as a sleeve which holds the end of the divided stem
together, and loose sleeves are provided which ship over and secure the rest of the
stem. The parts of the bowl are held together by a cap, or ring, or clip which fits
over the top of the bowl, or the last ring on the stem is provided with spring
padded clips which extend up the sides of the bowl and hold the parts together.
Another feature of my Invention consists in forming the channel through which
the smoke is drawn in the under portion of the stem only, the upper portion
forming a cover. In this case the channel is of U section.
This
In the case of wooden pipes such pipes may be divided by a fine saw.
method also applies to meerschaum pipes. In the case of clay and other composition
pipes, the pipes may be moulded in halves.
°
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF, AND APPLIANCES FOR MAKING CASTINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jabez Stanley and Luke Bail y at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1883.
JABEZ STANLEY and LUKE BAILEY both of Sheffield in the County of York
'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF, AND APPLIANCES FOR MAKING CASTINGS"
Our invention relates to improvements in the method of and appliances for
making castings; more particularly in moulding such articles as grooved pulleys
with flat or ogee shaped sides, and in the construction of the patterns or appliances
for producing the moulds used in making such an similar castings, the object
being to economise labour and reduce the cost of manufacture.
In the casting of grooved pulleys to which our invention is especially applicable,
the moulders patterns are usually made in halves, the division being made
circumferentially through the centre of the groove, and through the thickness of
the plate and the boss, so that the pattern may be withdrawn from the sand-This
method of moulding on the flat requires much box room, and the cost of patterns
is heavy.
In applying our invention to cast ng grooved pulleys, (for example) we make a
pattern representing half a pulley, divided centrally through its flat side, but
secured upon a long axle; a suitable bed plate is provided with an opening
corresponding with the shape of the section of the pulley pattern and a longitudinal
opening to admit half the depth (or diameter) of the axle, so that when the half
pattern is turned down, its flat sectional surface is exactly level with the surface
of the bed plate, and only the half of the axle projects above it. When the
pulley pattern is turned upwards, a half box is placed over it, and rammed up with
sand, the ax'e is then turned round, causing the pattern to revolve and disappear
in the bed plate, the half box is now lifted off and the process repeated with
another box, the two when put together completing the moul -It is obvious that
a number of such half pulley patterns may be secured upon one axle, and operated
in the same manner, and that they would occupy much. less space than when
moulded on the flat side-The axle may be fitted with a catch to retain it in the
required position at each half turn; it is also utilised as the core priut for the
centre hole, or as a runner upon which a series of pulleys may be cast in a string.
Other circular articles may be moulded for casting on our improvel plan.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CARRIAGES FOR CHILDREN
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION left by Wilhelm Singer and Franz
Hinterleitner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
16th October 1883.
"
"
WILHELM SINGER and FRANZ HINTERLEITNER of Berlin in the Kingdom of
Prussia, German Empire, IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING CARRIAGES FOR CHILDREN
According to this invention four parts we will call legs, and which constitute the
main framing of the carriage are so formed by bending round bars of iron, steel or
other suitable material that each such bar after passing like a spiral spring around
the common axis of oscillation forms a C spring and finally terminates at its lower
end in a short angular part that forms the axle of the wheel so that each of the
said bars forms not only a portion of the framing of the body of the vehicle, but
likewise a supporting spring and wheel axle, all these parts being combined in one
piece.
The four legs are of similar length, and form two pairs (one at each side of the
vehicle) each pair comprising one front and one back leg which are capable of
being turned scissors like on the common axis, and by their peculiar formation as
above set forth this result is attained without boring through or rivetting together
of the said legs, thus obviating weakening of the material and producing an
advantageous spring arrangement.
Referring to the accompanying illustrative drawings, Fig 1 is a side view open,
Fig 2 an end view, and Fig 3 a side view folded.
As shewn, the legs a a¹ formed of round iron or other suitable material and
which constitute the sides of the carriage frame to the axis b, are each bent round
the latter in the manner of a spiral spring, and beyond b each forms outward a
supporting spring c or c¹, and terminates in a wheel axle d or d¹, so that the side a,
the supporting spring c, and the axle d are all comprised in one and the same piece
of metal.
The arrangement of these round bars around the common axis b in the manner
of spiral springs allows the legs a a' with their further parts c, c, d, d', and also
with the wheels e, 'e¹, on d, d¹ to fold together scissors like without necessitating
boring through, rivetting, or screwing together of the bars constituting the said
legs, thus there is no weakening of the material.

page_text: The two legs of each pair are maintained in their extended attitudes by a jointed
oscillating rod g which is fastened to a at h by any safe and easily detachable
fastening arrangement. The body i made of woven material (canvas, &c) is sewn
round the legs and connecting rods g
The two legs of each end are connected together by transverse tie rods k, k¹.
When the carriage is to be folded the fastenings at h are undone, the rods g are
allowed to fall down by their joints, and the two pairs of legs are folded together
scissors like as shewn in Fig 3.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONNECTING AND DISCONNECTING RAILWAY VEHICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Hill and Edward Cockerill
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1883.
RICHARD HILL of Heywood near Rochdale in the County of Lancaster,
Consulting Engineer and EDWARD COCKERILL of Heywood aforesaid, Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONNECTING AND DISCONNECTING RAILWAY
VEHICLES,"
Our invention relates to coupling apparatus for railway vehicles and is applicable
to waggons, carriages, or any other railway vehicles.
In carrying the said invention into practice we provide a draw bar fixed in the
longitudinal direction of the vehicle as is well understood; attached to the head of
the said draw bar there is a shackle and hook for the purpose of coupling waggons
or other vehicles provided with couplings as at present used, and this works freely
upon a pin or pivot; upon the said pin or pivot we provide a link which also
works freely there on. This link has at its free end, namely the end opposite to the
pivotted end, and both on its upper and lower surfface, a curved nug or hook
arranged in such a position on the link with relation to the nugs or hooks on the
nose of the link of a corresponding coupling that when the curved nug or hook of
either link comes in contact with the link of the other (as the one is more or less
elevated than the other as the case may be) it slides over the nose of the link and
drops within the same and the links are thus retained in a parallel, angular or
other suitable position so as to connect easily and effectively by means of bibs on
the under side of the connected ends of the link, below the axis of the pin or pivot
resting against suitable stays, thus being kept in a suitable connecting position.
A cranked eccentric, or other bar or lever is provided, fixed in a transverse direction
outside the waggon or other vehicle immediately above the coupling, this lever
works freely in suitable bearings, and is attached to the link and provided at each
extremity with a handle situated at the side of the vehicle by means of which the
link may be raised thus effecting a disconnection and obviating the necessity for
the attendant to go between the vehicles.
IN HAND STEERING GEAR FOR SHIPS AND NAVIGABLE VESSELS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Adair at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th September 1883.
WILLIAM ADAIR of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
MENTS IN HAND STEERING GEAR FOR SHIPS AND NAVIGABLE VESSELS
"
"
"IMPROVE-
The invention relates to the gearing or apparatus employed on ship board, by
which motion is given to the rudder through hand power applied to a steering
wheel.
The main objects are to simplify the said gearing or apparatus, to render the
same more easily applicable, and to provide gearing or apparatus which shall
Occupy small space, be self contained, not liable to get out of order, and be efficient
and durable.
Under the first part I attach to the rudder bead by means of set screws keys or
other suitable fastenings a bed plate formed or fitted with toothed quadrants, and
I pivot in the centre of the said bed plate a sole plate carrying two pinions gearing
into the quadrants and into a diamond or right and left hand threaded endless
screw. The shaft of the said endless screw is carried by bearings on the said sole
plate and on a standard secured to the deck or other convenient portion of the
ship or vessel. A steering wheel is secured to one end of the screw shaft, or each
end may be supported in standards and fitted with a steering wheel. A cover
plate and casing is provided.
Under the second part. I construct the bed plate with only one quadrant and
fit the sole plate with only one pinion and with a right or left handed screw.
Under the third part I fit the bed plate above mentioned so as to be free to
revolve on or in a suitable carrier and connect it to the rudder head by means of
chains or other suitable appliances.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Churchill at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th March 1883.
WILLIAM CHURCHILL, of 26, Royal Road, in the county of Surrey, Machinist
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
"
The object of this invention is to simplify the construction, adjusting and
working of sole sewing and other like sewing machines in which a whirl is used
whereby I diminish the expense of manufacture and also reduce the breakages
to a minimum at the same time the machines can be run at a greater speed than
hitherto.
In carrying out my improvements instead of employing the present arrangement
of connecting rods and cog wheels I employ a band or chain of leather, metal or
other suitable material guided by suitably arranged wheels, reels or rollers so that
the band connects the cam shaft to the horn spindle by running on a wheel on
the cam shaft, the cam, or in any other suitable position thereby giving motion to
the whirl.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MAIZE STARCH
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Marshall Harley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd March 1883.
JOHN MARSHALL HARLEY of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Manager to Messieurs Brown & Polson, Corn Flour and Starch Manufacturers
there "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MAIZE STARCH"
This invention, which relates to improvements in the manufacture of maize
starch, has for its object to render the crystalline or finished product less brittle
than it is according to the existing mode of manufacture.
The invention consists in taking the starch after it has been drained of moisture
and cut up or divided and placing it in a stove wherein it is dried in an atmosphere
charged with steam.-The steam is injected into the said stove by perforated pipes
or their equivalent and the effect is to overcome and get rid of the brittleness
which is characteristic of maize starch as bitherto manufactured
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN TENNIS BALLS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Orton Heinrich of 44 Alexandra Road,
-
Wimbledon in the County of Surrey for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAWN TENNIS BALLS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Orton Heinrich
..at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th March 1883.
FREDERICK ORTON HEINRICH of 44 Alexandra Road, Wimbledon in the County
of Surrey "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN TENNIS BALLS
"
This Invention relates to certain improvements in Lawn Tennis balls to prevent
then bagging and to keep them in their true shape and dispensing with the
seams, still preserving their weight and size according to regulations.
In carrying my Invention into practice I construct or make a ball in the ordinary
way but smaller in diameter than the regulation size and cover or coat the same
with india rubber in solution to near the desired diameter and before the spirit has
evaporated from the rubber I coat the surface with flock, wool, silk or other short
cut fibre to give the ball a felted appearance the fibre being closely pressed and
rendered smooth as not to impede its rolling or other motion.
Lawn Tennis balls of this construction are soft to the touch, comparitively
harmless, and waterproof.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Orton Heinrich in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th September 1883.
FREDERICK ORTON HEINRICH of 44 Alexandra Road Wimbledon in the county
of Surrey IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN TENNIS BALLS
This invention relates to certain improvements in Lawn Tennis balls to prevent
them bagging and to keep them in their true shape and dispensing with the seams,
still preserving their weight and size according to regulations.
In carrying my invention into practice I construct or make a ball in the ordinary
way and cover or coat the same with india rubber in solution to near the desired
diameter and before the spirit has evaporated from the rubber I coat the surface
with flock, wool, silk, or other fibre or cork, in powder, to give the ball a felted or
cloth like appearance the fibre being closely pressed and rendered smooth as not to
impede its rolling or other motion
Lawn Tennis balls of this construction are seamless, waterproof, absolutely
correct in shape as a sphere, and can be made to any size and weight.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I claim.
The construction or formation of Lawn Tennis balls by an exterior or outer
coating of india rubber solution and fibrous or other body caused to adhere thereto
said balls being true to shape seamless and waterproof as described.
In witness whereof I the said Frederick Orton Heinrich have hereunto set
my hand and seal this tenth day of September in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three
TORVINYY