Improvements in Structures Composed of Concrete and like Materials, and in the Form of Bricks or Tiles for the same
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 31st May, 1895-Accepted, 27th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL DI EVIFICATION.
Improvements in Structures Composed of Concrete and like Materials,
and in the Form of Bricks or Tiles for the same.
JAMES SHEPPARD Trayshill Hornsey Lane London N. Surveyor FREDERICK
DASHWOOD Clerk of Works Lindisfarne Hersham Road Walton-on-Thames do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Bricks or tiles of any desired shape or size composed of any suitable material
capable of being moulded or cast are formed with hollow spaces and channels so
arranged that when the bricks or tiles are placed together with a broken bond or
joint or otherwise some or all of the hollow spaces and channels shall coincide
subject to this the spaces and channels make take any and varying angles. As the
bricks or tiles are placed in position some or all of the hollow spaces and channels
are filled in with suitable concrete so as to secure continuous and unbroken slabs or
lines of concrete through the whole area or height of the structure and the invention
consists in using such unbroken slabs or lines of concrete substantially as described,
it is applicable to walls partitions piers columns arches lintels beams floors roofs
and the like. Unfilled spaces or channels are available for warming and ventilating
or for the passage of pipes wires and similar appliances.
Dated thi. 21et do of Au 1801
JAS. SHEPPARD.
FREDERICK DASH WOOD.
Improvements in Structures Composed of Concrete and like Materials,
and in the Form of Bricks or Tiles for the same.
JAMES SHEPPARD Trayshill Hornsey Lane London N. Surveyor FREDERICK
DASHWOOD Landisfarne Hersham Road Walton-on-Thames Surrey Clerk of Works
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with bricks or tiles
combined with concrete or other similar materials, having for its object the forma-
tion of fire and heat resisting structures such as partitions columus lintels floors
roofs and the like being also applicable for doors shutters and other similar
appliances.
In carrying out our invention, we use bricks or tiles of any desired size having a
tubular or other form composed of any suitable material capable of being moulded
or cast the bricks or tiles are formed with hollow spaces and channels so arranged
that when they are placed together with a broken bond or joint or otherwise some
or all of the hollow spaces and channels coincide subject to this the hollow spaces

page_text: and channels may take any and varying angles and be of any form or size desired
and the number of the hollow spaces in the length or in the width of the bricks or
tiles are varied as desired.
As the bricks or tiles are built in position some or all of the hollow vertical
spaces are filled in with suitable concrete or other material ground charcoal silicate
cotton or the like being used in enclosures to drying or refrigerating rooms the
horizontal channels freely allow the escape of air so that the concrete readily falls
into a solid mass within the bricks or tiles which are also further keyed together by
the concrete which passes into the horizontal channels.
Continuous and unbroken lines and slabs of concrete are thus formed through the
whole area and height of the structure.
Unfilled spaces and channels are used for warming or ventilating or for the
passsage of pipes wires and the like.
For fire resisting doors shutters or similar appliances the bricks or tiles are fixed
in a metal frame of any suitable section metal bars passing through the hollow
spaces and channels of the tiles are bolted or screwed to the frame and concrete
filled in round the metal bars. Where only horizontal bars are used holes are drilled
in the head of the frame to allow of concrete being filled in to the hollow spaces in
the upper courses of the tiles. Where vertical bars are used the head is bolted or
screwed to the sides of the frame after the tiles with the concrete filling are in
position. The face of the bricks or tiles is finished with a glazed or ornamented
surface on one or both sides or is grooved to form key for plastering as desired.
For further and fuller explaination and description of our invention reference is
made to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is an elevation of part of a partition formed with bricks or tiles according
to our invention shewing by dotted lines the slabs and lines of concrete in the hollow
spaces and channels of the tiles.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the partition.
Fig. 3 is a view of one of the bricks or tiles.
Fig. 4 is a plan of one of the bricks or tiles having more than one hollow space
in the width of the tile.
Fig. 5 is a plan of the bricks or tiles placed within a metal frame to form a
door.
The corresponding parts shewn on the different figures are in each case similarly
lettered.
a being hollow spaces to receive concrete or other material.
b being channels for the escape of air and the formation of further concrete
keys between the bricks or tiles.
c being lines and slabs of concrete within the bricks or tiles.
d being metal frame.
e being metal bars.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. In the construction of partitions and the like the combination of bricks or tiles
formed with hollow spaces and channels with concrete filling for the purposes
specified and substantially as described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2. In the construction of doors shutters and the like the combination of bricks or
tiles formed with hollow spaces and channels with metal frame and bars and
concrete filling for the purposes specified and substantially as described and as
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In the construction of enclosures floors and roofs of ovens kilns and rooms in
which it is required to maintain a temperature below or above that of surrounding
air the combination of bricks or tiles having hollow spaces and channels filled with

page_text: concrete or other suitable non-conducting material with metal frame and bars for
the purposes specified and substantially as described and as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
1007
JAS. SHEPPARD.
FREDK. DASHWOOD.