Improvements in Hydraulic Motors.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd June, 1891-Accepted, 4th July, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Motors.
I, Joux WILLIAM GARRETT, Jr., Manufacturer, of Spartanburg in the County
of Spartanburg and State of South Carolina, United States of America, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a hydraulic motor or machine so arranged that a supply
of water, which may be under very moderate pressure, can be utilised to work
pumps discharging water at any desired pressure, as I shall describe referring to
the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a machine according to my invention.
Fig. 2, is a detail section shewing the section and discharge valves.
Fig. 3, is an elevation of the pumps arranged to act as lift pumps.
Fig. 4, shews the application of gearing for the transmission of power from the
accumulators to the pumps.
Fig. 5, shews several pumps worked by a single accumulator.
1 is a tank, or reservoir, from which rises a frame-work, consisting of four
uprights 2, braced across by horizontal timbers 3 and 4. Within the tank, I arrange
two vertical pump-cylinders 5 having flanges 6 to bolt to the cross brace 4. These
cylinders are connected at the lower ends by pipes 7 and a T joint 8 to a service-
pipe' 9. In each of the pipes 7, as shewn in Fig. 2 there is a valve chamber 10
containing a valve 12 opening outwards from the cylinder.
Each cylinder also has an inlet 13, from the tank with a valve chamber 14 and
valve 15, opening inwards.
Each cylinder is fitted with a piston 16 having its rod 17 tending upwards through
and above the cross-brace 4. Upon each piston rod 17 is fixed a vessel 18, which
may be termed an accumulator and is made of size, suited to the work to be
performed. Each piston rod preferably passes up to a frame 19 at the top of the
accumulator and is secured by a collar 20 and nut 21 to the loop 22 of which is
attached the end of a chain, cord, or strap 23. Journalled in bearings upon
timbers 24 is a shaft carrying a pulley 25, over which the chain or strap 23 is
carried, its length being such that when the one piston 16 is at the bottom of its
cylinder, the other is raised nearly to the top of the other cylinder.
Between the cross-brace 4 and a similar brace 26 above, are fixed vertical rods 28
on opposite sides of each accumulator cach rod engaged between guide-rolls 28,
mounted on arms 29 extending from the accumulator, which is thus guided vertically
as it ascends and descends.
In the bottom of each accumulator, directly above the cross-brace 4, is a discharge
opening 31, fitted with a valve, having a conical body 32 and several parallel
stems 33 extending through the discharge opening and projecting some distance
beyond so that the valve is opened when by the descent of the accumulator the
stems 33 bear on the cross brace 4.
Under the braces 27, and resting upon braces 34 is a trough, or conduit 35 fed
with a constant supply of water from any available source. This conduit, has in its
bottom two discharge openings 36, one over each accumulator each provided with
valves 38 having stems 37, like those of the accumulators so as to be opened by the
frames 19 as the accumulators rise.
On the conduit 35 I pivot at 40 latches 39, having their upper ends engaged in
keepers 41.
Each latch has a horizontal arm 42, which extends over a collar 43, fixed
adjustably by a set screw 48 on a vertical rod 44, movable in guides 45, and

page_text: having above the upper guide an adjustable stop 46 to limit its downward
Each stem 44 carries a float 47.
movement.
Each latch 39 catches under the frame 19 when the accumulator, stops at the
upper extreme of its stroke and holds up the accumulator while water flows in to it
from the conduit 35 (the valve 38 being open) until the water rises to such a level
that the float 47 is lifted and the collar 43 trips the latch 39 and release the
accumulator.
The volume of water received by the accumulator is determined by the position
of the collar 43, or stop 46, or both, and consequently the apparatus can be adjusted
to act with a force adapted to the work to be done thus avoiding waste of water,
and allowing variation of power without alteration of construction.
Springs 49 receive and cushion the loaded accumulator upon its descent.
Instead of a single cylinder two, three, or more separate cylinders may be arranged
beneath each accumulator each having its own piston and piston-rod, and drawing
and discharging either by collective or by separate pipes.
Thus water from different sources may be forced to the same or to different
pointsor, discharge water may be carried to different levels.
In Fig. 5 are shewn three cylinders 5 having their piston-rods 17 all connected
'directly to the one accumulator 18. Each cylinder may have a separate inlet 7"
which may bring water from a separate source, such as a special spring and a
separate discharge pipe 9 so that the water from each source may be kept separate
from the other waters. In Fig. 5 the cylinders, are shewn to extend up through
the cross-brace 4.
The inlet and outlet pipes may be at the tops of the cylinders as shewn in Fig. 3,
so that the pumps may act as lift pumps each piston rod 17 passing through a
stuffing box 50.
Between the cylinders 5, and the accumulators 18, may be interposed apparatus
shown in Fig. 4, in which the piston rod is provided with a rack 51, movable in
guides 52, and gearing with a pinion 54, loose on a shaft 55, this pinion gearing
with a spur wheel 56 loose on a shaft 57. Similar gear is arranged for the other
accumulator and pump.
The wheels 56 are driven by racks 58, movable in guides 59, each rack being
attached to one of the accumulators 18 instead of the piston-rod 17.
The valves 38 may be opened by rods 60 arranged to meet the bottom of the
accumulator when it rises and instead of one valve 38 for each accumulator there
may be several when rapid filling is desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :
1. In a hydraulic motor, in combination with pump cylinders a pair of accumu
lators connected by a chain, or its equivalent passing over a pulley, each accumu-
lator being connected to one of the piston rods and having a valved discharge at its
bottom, also a conduit having valved discharge-openings for feeding the accumulators
latches sustaining the accumulators, when raised, and floats with stems and adjustable
collars arranged to trip the latches and allow the accumulators when charged to
descend substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.