improvements in Apparatus for wa
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 7th Sept., 1898
improvements in Apparatus for wa
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS Thompson, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 322, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, 6, Lord Street,
Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster,
and Lower Temple Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus for heating water and in particular to
improvements in hot water tanks or boilers known as stand boilers, and to
attachments thereto for delivering the water therein, and discharging it there-
from.
The objects of the invention are:-
First. To provide a boiler of the kind named and for the purposes intended
which is safe to a great degree, and which is of particular make and construction,
adapting it to be conveniently disposed independently of the heating source,
or be placed in relation thereto to serve as a warming oven heater in addition
to the usual purpose of heating the water.
Second. To provide a boiler, of such construction, or of the usual circular con-
struction, when horizontally disposed or arranged, with means for relieving the
boiler from the corroding and oxidating effects of the confined and compressed
air confined between the water line and the surface of the boiler.
Third. To provide an improved direct hot-water connection with the water-
back in a stove or range, whereby a supply of hot water may be delivered to the
stand boiler for immediate use, and afterwards may be cut off and a supply of
hot water delivered to the boiler substantially in the usual manner.
These objects are accomplished by the means and constructions illustrated in
the accompanying drawings, wherein:
-
Figure 1 is a front view, in elevation, showing the boiler as built in the brick-
work of a range, the boiler being shown in longitudinal vertical section.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the boiler in horizontal arrange-
ment, and removed from its location in relation to the range, and a portion of
the pipe system in section.
Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a central section of a portion of a horizontally placed range-boiler,
and sectional view of the relief pipe, the pipe joint, and transversely arranged
key-fastening.
Figure 5 is a detail central section of the relief pipe and pipe-joint connec-
tion held together by a circular washer, and a key engaging in ways or seats
in the flanges of the pipe joint, the relief-pipe, and the washer.

page_text: Figure 6 is a vertical section through a vertical boiler and longitudinally
through the hot water inlet valve and conduit-pipe.
Figure 7 is an end view of the boiler connecting sleeve.
Figure 8 is an end view of the valve shell, looking from the left hand end
in Figure 6, and showing the slot wherein the end of the partition-plate in the
connecting-sleeve engages, and
Figure 9 is a detail perspective of the partition-plate removed from the con-
necting sleeve.
In Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings, the tank or boiler is shown as being
arranged in a horizontal position and utilized as a warming medium for warm-
ing-ovens or hot closets arranged over the boiler. Referring to these Figures 1
and 3, A designates a stove or range, which is provided with the usual water-
back, not shown. B designates the tank or boiler, fed or supplied with cold
water by a suitable pipe 1, let through the head as usual and extending well
into the boiler, as shown. This cold water pipe 1, may be perforated throughout
the length of that part extending into the boiler, or it may be intact and have
a perforated cap on its end in the boiler. C designates the cold water pipe lead-
ing from the boiler and into the water-back; D is the return hot water pipe
leading from the water back and extending into the boiler, as shown, and E is
the hot water pipe which conveys the heated water from the boiler through the
distributing pipes.
The boiler B consists of a strong metal shell of suitable boiler iron, made
rectangular or square in cross-section, the opposite sides of the shell being braced
by substantial brace-rods or bars 2, 21, arranged at right angles to each other
with their ends stayed and secured in socket pieces 3, suitably fastened to the
inner faces of the boiler, substantially as indicated in the drawings. The
heads 4, 4, of the boiler are substantial square plates of boiler-iron, convexo-
concavo in contour, and secured in the ends of the boiler-shell by any of the
usual fastening rivets or bolts.
There may be other cross-braces used in addition to those shown, but in ordinary
stand boilers of the construction set forth two sets of these braces are sufficient
to serve the purposes intended. A boiler made rectangular in cross-section is
particularly adapted to be built in the brick-work over ranges or stoves, and
when so arranged it is preferable to allow it to project a distance outwards, as
best shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, the projecting flat upper surface then
serving the purposes of a shelf on which utensils or articles can be placed when
their contents are to be kept warm, and the upper surface may form the bottom
or floor of the oven or ovens or hot closets located over the boiler.
In Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings, is illustrated a modification of my
improved relief-pipe, utilized as a means for warming the interior of an oven
or hot closet located over the boiler. This relief pipe 5 has one end opening
from the boiler and suitably secured therein, and then is laid against or adjacent
to the end walls and back of the oven, and opens into the boiler, as at 6, with
the open end adjacent to and in alignment with the entrance of the hot water
distributing pipe, for the purpose of relieving the boiler of compressed and
moist steam or air as will be more fully specified hereinafter.
Referring now more particularly to Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings it will be
premised: That in the usual and prior construction of range-boilers disposed
or mounted in a horizontal position, when the water is admitted to the boiler
and rises to the pressure height, the air is prevented from escaping, and this
confined air becomes saturated with moisture emanating from the heated water,
speedily rusts out the boiler shell, greatly lessening the life of the boiler, and
endangering its safety. The present invention is intended to obviate these results
by providing means for withdrawing the moist air from the space above the
water-line at the same time that the hot water is discharged through the hot
water discharge pipe, and now specifically describing this part of the invention.
B designates a portion (Figures 4 and 5) of a horizontally disposed range boiler,

page_text: such as shewn in Figures 1 and 2 in the head of which is a pipe-joint opening 7
wherein is secured a pipe-joint 8, consisting of a short tubular sleeve having a
middle annular flange 9, formed thereon, the ends of the sleeve being screw
threaded, as indicated on the exterior, to engage in the threaded pipe-joint
opening 7, and to receive the end of the hot water discharge-pipe E, leading
from the boiler. The inner end of the pipe joint 8 is formed with an inward
directed annular shoulder or flange 10, against which the flange on the lower end
of the relief-pipe sets, as shown.
F designates the relief pipe, consisting of a section of metal pipe formed, bent
or curved, to reach from the inner end of the pipe-joint 8 to the upper surface
of the boiler. The upper end of the relief-pipe is formed with notches or
scollops 11, through which the air finds entrance when the water is drawn off
through the hot water discharge pipe. At a proper point in the upper portion
of the relief pipe are made water ports 12, through which the water finds entrance
into the hot water discharge pipe. The lower end of the relief pipe F is formed
with an annular flange 13, which fits in the bore of the pipe joint 8 and sets
against the annular end flange thereof, and to hold the relief pipe securely in
its proper fixed position in the pipe joint and boiler, a key-way 14, is formed
through the pipe joint, in which a key 15, is fitted, which takes in a groove 16,
in a keeper 17, the ends or edges of which engage against the end of the relief-
pipe, as indicated in Figure 4 of the drawings. Other holding means may be
used to secure the relief pipe in position, such as shown in Figure 5 of the
drawings, where a key 18 is driven in a slot or way cut in the flanges of the united
parts.
In Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the relief pipe is marked 5 and is shown as
formed to set in and about the warming oven over the horizontally disposed boiler
and reference to this Figure 2, being had, it will be perceived that one end of
the relief-pipe opens flush from the boiler, as at 19, and is then shaped to the
contour of the warming oven and enters the boiler again adjacent to the end
and extends into the boiler, stopping short of and adjacent to the inlet end of
the hot water discharge pipe E, as shown at 6. It will be seen that when the
current is established by opening a faucet at any point in the hot water discharge
pipe, the suction created by the discharging water will also create a current of
air through the relief-pipe and thus depleting the boiler of the saturated and
moist air in the space between the boiler and the water-line.
This part of the invention in the first described form, shewn in Figures 4 and 5,
is applied as follows: The relief pipe F is inserted loosely in the pipe joint sec-
tion 8, and the latter screwed up in place, and then the relief pipe is turned up
and the keeper 17 inserted and keyed up to hold the pipe in fixed position. In
the latter instance shewn in Figures 1 and 2 the relief-pipe is arranged in
threaded nuts and after set in place the nuts are screwed up to seal the passages
through the boiler.
In Figure 6 of the drawings a vertically disposed stand-boiler is shown, hav-
ing my improved means in connection therewith, for directly conducting a supply
of hot water for early or immediate use to the upper portion of the boiler, and
referring thereto, B is the boiler, provided with the usual cold water feed-pipe 20,
reaching well towards the bottom of the boiler, and having a perforated closed
lower end 21, which may be provided with a spreading tip 22. To the bottom
of the boiler is secured a pipe 23, which conducts the cold water to the water
back or other appliance which heats the water. 24 designates the return hot
water pipe leading from the heating source to the boiler. In this hot water
pipe 24 is interposed a valve 25, of the following described construction and
elements: 26 designates the valve shell or casing of proper construction having
an inlet end with a single port 27, and having exterior screw-threads to make
connection to the hot water pipe. In the delivery or discharge end of the valve-
shell are formed two water ports or ways 28, 28 arranged parallel with each
other, and in the face of the end of the valve shell is formed a recess 29, in

page_text: which the partition-plate of the connecting-sleeve engages and is held. Verti-
cally through the centre of the valve shell is arranged a valve-stem or turning
plug 30, formed with two water-ways or ports 31, 31, disposed at right angles
to each other, the former of which registers with the port 28, and the latter
is intended to register with the lower port 28, so that when it is desired to admit
a flow of water directly from the water-back to be delivered to the upper por-
tion of the boiler, the plug is turned so that the port 31 is in line with the
flow, which position will close the lower passage through the port 28 D*
des gnates the connecting-sleeve to which the inner end of the valve-shell is
connected, and to which the lower end of the hot water stand pipe in the boiler
is attached. More particularly describing this connecting sleeve, it will be
perceived that it consists of a metal tube provided with exterior screw threads,
and an annular collar 32, located at about midway of its length which lodges
against the outer surface of the boiler, and that the sleeve is held in its position
by a strong jamb-nut 33, on the inner end of the sleeve. The upper portion of
the end of this sleeve is closed and is provided with a port 34 as clearly shewn
in Figure 7, the edge of the port constituting a shoulder against which the
annular flange of the pipe 35, bears when arranged and held in position. In
the sleeve D are formed oppositely arranged grooves a, b, in which is a detach-
able plate 36, constituting a partition dividing the sleeve into two parts or
ports 37, 37, the former of which communicates with the pipe 35, and the latter
is the inlet for the hot water under ordinary admission. On the outer end of
the plate 36, is a tongue 36 which engages in the slot 29, in the end of the
valve shell, as indicated in Figure 6 of the drawings, the engagement holding
the plate 36, in its forward proper position in the sleeve. To the sleeve D is
connected a vertical hot water pipe 35, having an annular flange 38, at its lower
end which lodges against the inner face of the end of the sleeve D and is held
in position by a suitable key, not shown, passed through a slots in the sleeve.
The hot water is drawn off through a pipe opening from the top of the boiler
as shewn.
The parts may be assembled in their proper operative positions and relations
by inserting the pipe 35 through the opening in the end of the sleeve D³, and
then inserting the key in the slots, and driving it home to hold the pipe firmly;
the partition plate is then placed in the sleeve and pushed home; the pipe is
then passed into the boiler and the sleeve screwed up until the collar lodges
against the surface of the boiler; the nut 33 is then passed over the pipe and
screwed up to clamp the sleeve in place with the pipe 35 in vertical position;
the valve shell is then arranged in position and the connecting nuts n, n', screwed
un, with the tongue 36* of the plate 36 engaging in the slot 29 in the end of
the valve body.
It will be premised, that under the ordinary process of heating the water in
the boiler, the water delivered to the boiler from the hot water pipe, enters the
boiler and commingles with the body of cold water therein. Under these con-
ditions it takes a considerable time before the hot water overcomes the conflict
with the cold water, and longer before a hot water flow can be had at the spigot.
It is the object of this part of the invention to overcome this deficiency, and
provide hot water in a very short time, and this is accomplished as follows:-
The fire being made and the water back heated, the valve is turned so that
the upper port 28, is open to feed the hot water through that way into and out
of the pine 35 into the boiler, where it is immediately in condition to be utilized
at the spigot. It is well known that the top portion of the water in a stand
boiler is the hotter. The mode of delivery takes advantage of this fact by
delivering the hot water directly to the top of the boiler. When sufficient
supply of water has been heated the valve can be turned to close the upper port
and open the lower and the hot water then be delivered into the body of the
water as in the usual manner.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. A stand-boiler for stoves and ranges, comprising a metal shell rectangular
in cross-section, heads secured in the ends of the said shell, and brace rods
arranged across the interior of the shell at right angles to each other.
2. A stand-boiler for stoves and ranges, comprising a metal shell rectangular in
cross-section, heads secured in the ends of the said shell, socket pieces secured
to the opposite inner sides of the shell, and brace rods across the shell and having
their ends disposed in the said socket pieces.
3. A range or stove provided with a water-back, a rectangular boiler disposed
horizontally above the stove or range, a system of circulation pipes in the boiler
connected to the water-back and boiler, and a warming oven over the boiler.
4. A range or stove provided with a water-back, a rectangular boiler disposed
horizontally above the stove or range, a system of circulating pipes connected
to the water-back and boiler, and a warming-oven over the boiler and so that
the upper surface of the boiler constitutes the floor of the oven.
5. A stove or range provided with a water-back, a rectangular boiler arranged
above the stove or range with its upper flat surface or side projecting to form
a shelt, a system of circulating pipes connected to the water-back and leading
into the boiler, a warming oven on the boiler, and a steam pipe leading from
the boiler into the oven and about the inner walls thereof and opening into
the boiler.
6. A horizontally disposed range or stove boiler and an air-discharging relief-
pipe therein having one end opening into the boiler above the water-line and
arranged to direct the air into the hot water discharge-pipe.
7. A horizontally arranged range or stove boiler, and an air discharging relief-
pipe having one end leading into the hot water discharge-pipe and the other end
disposed above the water line in the boiler and adapted to take air from the
boiler and discharge it through the hot water discharge pipe.
8. A horizontally arranged range or stove boiler, a pipe-coupling in the head
of the boiler, and a detachable air-discharging relief-pipe in the boiler having
one end opening into and secured to the pipe-coupling and its other end extend-
ing in the boiler and reaching above the water line."
9. A horizontally arranged range or stove boiler, a pipe-joint formed with
exterior screw-threads, and an intermediate annular collar, a bent relief-pipe hav-
ing its lower end secured in the pipe-joint and its upper end arranged to reach
above the water-line in the boiler.
10. A horizontally arranged range or stove boiler, a hot water pipe-joint
detachably fixed in the head of the boiler, a relief-pipe to withdraw the air from
the boiler, having one end in the said pipe-joint and the other end extending above
the water line in the boiler, and means to lock the relief-pipe to the pipe joint.
11. A horizontally arranged range or stove boiler, a hot water pipe-joint
detachably fixed in the head of the boiler, a relief-pipe formed with water-ports
adjacent to its upper end, and having one end in the said pipe-joint and the
other end extending above the water-line in the boiler, and means to lock the
lower end of the relief pipe to the pipe-joint.
12. The combination with a stand boiler, of a water back having between it
and the stand-boiler the usual pipe connections, a partition dividing the hot
water pipe at the end adjacent to the stand boiler and forming ducts into the
boiler, a pipe leading from one of the said ducts to the top of the stand boiler,
and means for causing the hot water to flow through either of said ducts as
desired.
13. The combination with a stand boiler and a hot water pipe leading thereto,
of a valve casing interposed in the hot water pipe, having a shell or body formed
with a single inlet port, and two outlet ports opening into the boiler, a valve

page_text: stem in the valve casing formed with two water ports arranged at right angles
to each other to alternately open and close the outlet ports, a vertical hot water
pipe in the boiler opening therein adjacent to the top of the boiler, means to
secure the vertical pipe to the valve-casing in registration with one of the outlet
ports, and means to hold the said pipe and valve casing in operative connection
to the boiler.
14. The combination with a stand boiler and a hot water pipe leading thereto,
and two outlet ports leading to the boiler, a valve stem in the valve shell formed
with two water ports arranged at right angles to each other to alternately open
and close the outlet ports, a connecting sleeve to connect the valve shell to the
boiler, a partition plate in the connecting sleeve, and a hot water standing pipe
in the boiler having its lower end connected to the said connecting, sleeve above
the partition therein.
15. The combination with a stand boiler and a hot water pipe leading thereto,
of a valve interposed in the hot water pipe, formed with a single inlet port, and
two outlet ports leading to the boiler, a valve stem in the valve shell formed
with two water ports arranged at right angles to each other to alternately open
and close the outlet ports, a connecting sleeve to connect the valve shell to the
boiler, a detachable partition-plate in the connecting sleeve, and a hot water
standing pipe in the boiler having its lower end connected to the said connect-
ing sleeve above the partition therein.
16. The combination with a stand boiler and a hot water pipe, of a valve inter-
posed in the hot water pipe and formed with a single outlet port and two outlet
ports and having a slot in the end of the partition between the outlet ports, a
valve stem in the valve-shell having two ports arranged at right angles to
each other to alternately open and close the said outlet ports, a connecting sleeve
secured to the boiler and to the valve shell and formed with interior oppositely
arranged grooves, a partition plate detachably disposed in the said grooves and
standing across the bore of the sleeve and said plate being formed with a tongue
in its outer end to engage in the slot in the end of the partition between the
outlet ports, and a vertically arranged pipe in the boiler having its lower end
secured in the end of the connecting sleeve above the said partition-plate.
Dated this 7th day of September 1897
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.