IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING THE FLOW OF FLUIDS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and Francis Chris-
topher Cockey, of the firm of Edward Cockey and Sons, of the Frome
Iron Foundry, in the County of Somerset, Engineers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING THE FLOW OF FLUIDS."
Sealed the 23rd March 1858, and dated the 19th October 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Cockey, Henry
Cockey, and Francis Christopher Cockey at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th October 1857.
We, EDWARD COCKEY, HENRY COCKEY, and FRANCIS CHRISTOPHER COCKEY,'
of the firm of Edward Cockey and Sons, of the Frome Iron Foundry, in the
County of Somerset, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING THE FLOW OF FLUIDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of valve,'
for the obtainment of a simple and easy mode of directing the passage of gas
to and from the various vessels employed in its manufacture, and for the
purpose of altering the direction of its flow when requisite.
The valve, which may be modified in its construction without deviating from
the principles upon which it is constructed, consists of two cylindrical boxes.
or cases, the faces of which are accurately ground so as to fit gas-tight over
each other.

page_text: The lower box is subdivided into a number of cells or chambers by means
of radiating divisions cast therein, and each chamber is furnished with a
radiating outlet or inlet pipe, which communicates with the purifier or other
apparatus employed in gas making. A small drain pipe is also fitted into
the bottom of each chamber, for the purpose of drawing off the tar or other
deposits therefrom.
The upper box is also constructed with a number of cells or compartments,
but of a size large enough to cover or embrace any two contiguous cells in
the lower box on which it rests, and turns perfectly gas-tight.
It will thus be obvious that any two contiguous cells in the lower box, with
their respective outlet or inlet pipes, can be readily brought into communica-
tion by simply turning the upper box in one direction or the other, thereby
effecting a change in the direction of the flow of gas as circumstances may
require it to be directed to one or other of the apparatus employed in its
manufacture. By a simplified modification of this valve an efficient bye pass
is obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and Francis Christopher
Cockey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
COCKEY, HENRY COCKEY, and FRANCIS CHRISTOPHER COCKEY, of the firm of
Edward Cockey and Sons, of the Frome Iron Foundry, in the County of
Somerset, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant- unto us, the
said Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and Francis Christopher Cockey, Her
special license, that we, the said Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and Francis
Christopher Cockey, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and Francis Christopher
Cockey, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter. during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGU-

page_text: LATING THE FLOW OF FLUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and Francis Christopher Cockey, by an;
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same.
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and
Francis Christopher Cockey, do hereby declare the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly.
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being.
had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
Our said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
valve, with modifications thereof, for the obtainment of a simple and easy mode
of directing the passage of gas to and from the various vessels employed in
its manufacture, and for the purpose of altering the direction of its flow when
requisite.
The valve, which may be modified in its construction without deviating
from the principles upon which it is constituted, consists of two cylindrical
boxes or cases, the faces of which are accurately ground so as to fit gas-tight:
over each other.
.
The lower box is subdivided into a number of cells or chambers by means
of radiating divisions cast therein, and each chamber is furnished with an
outlet or inlet pipe, which communicates with the purifier or other apparatus
employed in gas making. A small drain pipe is also fitted into the bottom of
each chamber, for the purpose of drawing off the tar or other deposits
therefrom.
The upper box is also constructed with a number of cells or chambers, but
of a size large enough to cover or embrace any two contiguous cells in the
lower box on which it rests, and turns perfectly gas-tight.
It will thus be obvious that any two contiguous cells in the lower box, with
their respective outlet or inlet pipes, can be readily brought into communica-
tion by simply turning the upper box in one direction or the other, thereby
effecting a change in the direction of the flow of gas as circumstances may
require it, to be directed to one or other of the apparatus employed in its
manufacture. By a simplified modification of this valve an efficient bye pass
is obtained.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, we shall now

page_text: proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose we shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
corresponding Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a partial elevation and section of our
improved valve arranged as a bye pass, where it accomplishes the object for
which three valves are ordinarily required; Figure 2 is partial sectional plan
of the lower portion of the valve corresponding to Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a
partial sectional plan of the upper or moveable portion of the valve, looking on
the under side of the same. The upper part A of the valve consists of a
cylindrical box divided into two cells or chambers of equal dimensions by the.
central division B, cast therein. The under face of this box and the upper
face of the lower box C are ground together, so as to form when in contact a
gas-tight junction. The lower box C is subdivided into four cells or chambers
of equal dimensions by the radiating divisions D, D, and E, E, each chamber
having an inlet or outlet pipe in connection with it. The box A is capable of
being turned round the central spindle F, which is fixed in the lower box C;
G is the gas inlet, and K, the outlet.
When the division B of the box A coincides with the division D, D, of
the lower box, the flow of gas will be direct through the bye pass to the out-
let K, as indicated by the full line arrow. Should it be required to divert the
flow through the pipe H, to a station meter or other apparatus, it will be
simply requisite to turn the box A, a quarter of a revolution, until its division
B coincides with the division E, E, of the lower box, when the flow will be
instantly diverted into the direction shewn by the dotted arrows, returning by
the pipe I to the outlet K. The turning of the upper portion or box A may
be accomplished by a spanner or key, or by any other convenient arrange-
ment, and a stop or index will be fitted to each valve, in order to shew in
which direction the upper box should be turned.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 represent similar views to those last described of
a modified form of valve for two gasholders. The box A is divided into
two cells or chambers a and b, the one being double the size of the
other. The box C is divided into three cells or chambers c, d, and e, of
equal size, each having its corresponding inlet or outlet. Any two of these
chambers may be connected by the large sized chamber 6 in the box A,
the third chamber being left in communication with the smaller cham-
ber a.
The gas enters at e from a gasholder, and if the cells or cham-
bers c and d are placed in communication with each other, by bringing
the large chamber 6 of the upper box A over them, the flow will be

page_text: from c to the outlet d, as shewn by the arrows, the chamber e being closed
by the small cell a of the upper box; and if the chamber 6 is turned so as to
connect c and d, the inlet c will be shut off, and the flow will take place from
the second gasholder through e and d, as shewn by the dotted arrow.. By
burying the chamber 6 over the two chambers c and e, the two gas holders
will be in communication with each other only, and both will be shut off from
the outlet d, and by turning the box A to such a position, that its internal
divisions will not coincide with any of the internal divisions of the lower box
C, the two gasholders will both be in communication with the outlet dat
the same time..
Figures 7, 8, and 9 represent similar views to those before referred to,
of a third modification of valve arranged for two purifiers, and capable
of changing the flow of either purifier to the outlets, thus accomplishing
the purpose for which four valves are ordinarily required; H, I, and L, M,
are the pipes leading to and from the two purifiers; and G and K are the
inlets and outlets of the valve. Each cell or chamber in the upper box A is
large enough to cover or connect any two cells or chambers in the lower box
C thus, by bringing a chamber of the upper box over the chambers G, H,
of the lower box, the flow of gas will be from the inlet G to the chamber H,
and thence to the purifier, whence the gas returns by the chamber I to the
outlet K, as shewn by the full arrows; the two chambers L, M, leading to
the second purifier being shut off. By turning the upper box so as to bring a
chamber of the lapper box over G, M, the purifier in connection with L, M,
will be in action, as shewn by the dotted arrows, and the first purifier will be
shut off; F, F, are drain pipes for running off the tar or other deposits found
in the several cells or chambers of the lower box C, which pipes may be
applied to any of the other valves described in this Specification if found
desirable.
Figures 10, 11, and 12 are similar views to the preceding ones, of a fourth
modification for four purifiers, where the one valve directs the flow through
three purifiers, always leaving one purifier in rotation shut off for cleaning
out. This valve is placed in the centre of four purifiers; the gas enters at the
inlet pipe A, rising in the direction of the arrows to the upper box A, whence
it passes through the chamber 6 to the first purifier in action, having its inlet
connected with B, and its outlet with C; thence it passes to the second
purifier, having its inlet connected with D, and its outlet with E; thence to
the third purifier, having its inlet connected with F, and its outlet with G,
thence by the passage g in the upper box A, to the outlet R, and to the
outlet pipe K. When the upper cylinder is placed as thus described, the

page_text: chambers H and I, and the fourth purifier connected therewith, are shut off.
By turning the upper box so that 6 is over D, the purifier connected by the
pipes D and E is the first in action, and that connected with B and C is shut
off, and by turning the upper box in the same direction each purifier is in
rotation shut off.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we would observe in conclusion, that we do not confine or restrict
ourselves to the precise details or arrangements which we have had occasion
to describe or refer to, as variations may be made therefrom without deviating
from the principles or main features of our said Invention; but what we con-
sider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,
-
First, the general constructions and arrangements of gas valves, as herein-
before described.
Second, the application and use of valves for changing the direction of the
flow of gas, consisting of an upper and lower box divided into two or more
cells or chambers by radiating divisions, and so disposed that any two con-
tiguous cells or chambers in the lower box may be brought into communica-
tion with each other, by suitably adjusting or turning the upper box, as herein-
before described.
Third, the application and use to and in gas valves of the description above
referred to, of small drain pipes for drawing off the tar or other deposits
from the several cells or chambers of the lower portion of the valve, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Cockey, Henry Cockey, and
Francis Christopher Cockey, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Twentieth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
EDWARD COCKEY.
(L.S.)
HENRY COCKEY.
(L.S.)
FRANCIS C. COCKEY. (L.s.)
EDWARD COCKEY.
(L.S.)
HENRY COCKEY.
(L.S.)
FRANCIS C. COCKEY. (L.S.)