IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine and Anthony John
Mundella, of the Town of Nottingham, Manufacturers, and William
Onion, also of the Town of Nottingham, Mechanic, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND
LOOPED FABRICS."
Sealed the 28th April 1854, and dated the 15th February 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Hornbuckle
Hine, Anthony John Mundella, and William Onion at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 15th February
1854.
We, BENJAMIN HORNBUCKLE HINE and ANTHONY JOHN MUNDELLA, of the
Town of Nottingham, Manufacturers, and WILLIAM ONION, also of the Town
of Nottingham, Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND
LOOPED FABRICS" to be as follows:-
Instead of using fixed frame and machine needles, we employ moveable
frame and machine needles working in fixed combs. Our sinks also are
moveable and work in the same combs, and are worked by curved plates.
We also use a small sliding presser and thread guide. The motion of the
machine is rotatory.

page_text: In the old rotary frames the threads are laid on the needles, the jacks are
then drawn, and the sinking cam, locking cam; pressing cam, and knocking-
over cam form the remainder of the course. We make the whole of these
movements by means of curved plates, the course being completed in the same
time as the jacks are drawn in the old frame, thus producing twice the
number of courses in the same period of time as produced one from the old
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine, Anthony John Mundella, and
William Onion in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th August
1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BENJAMIN
HORNBUCKLE HINE and ANTHONY JOHN MUNDELLA, of the Town of Nottingham,
Manufacturers, and WILLIAM ONION, also of the Town of Nottingham,
Mechanic, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine, Anthony John Mundella, and William.
Onion, Her special licence that we, the said Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine,
Anthony John Mundella, and -William Onion, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine,
Anthony John Mundella, and William Onion, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE
AND LOCPED FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine, Anthony John Mundella, and William Onion,
or some or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of some or one of us, should particularly. describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great: Seal. Patent
Office, within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine, Anthony
John Mundella, and William Onion, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
'described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists in the employment in rotary frames, for the manu-
facture of textile and looped fabrics, of moveable frame and machine needles
working in fixed combs, and of moveable sinkers working in the same combs
and actuated by curved plates, in combination with a sliding presser and
thread guide..
i
In the "old rotary fraïnes the threads are laid on the needles, the jacks are
then drawn, and the sinking cam, locking cam, pressing cam, and knocking-
over cam form the remainder of the course; but by our improved machinery,
we perform the whole of these movements by means of curved plates, the course
being.completed in the same time as the jacks are drawn in the old frame, thus
producing twice the number of courses in the same period of time as was
required to produce one from the old frame.
Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed represents a front view of the several
parts required to make one breadth of ribbed work, there being six or more
sets of such parts placed along one side of the framing a, and the same
number on the other side, the backs of the sets being opposite each other.
Figure 2 represents a sectional end view of one half of the framing a, and one
set of working parts.
On the top of the framing is screwed the comb bar b, carrying the combs c;
the combs have five pins 1, run through them, supporting and holding down the
frame needles.e; the piece 2. also supports the needles when they are drawn
back; the pin:3, which runs through the combs, acts as the axle to the sinker
hooks d; the hooks d being held above the needles by the springs 4; the springs
are supported and held in place by the pins, 1 and 4; f, is a bar screwed to the
under side of the comb bar b, having two or more short pieces g; screwed to it,
which support the sley'h, in which. the machine needles are free to rise and
fall; is the machine knocking-over bar; the machine needles are held in the
sley by the bar j, on the front; k is a bar which carries the presser bar k¹, and
is free to move to the right or left in the arms l; k¹¹ is the presser; m is a'
bar, which is also free to move to the right or left, and carries the thread
guide m'n is a curved plate to press down the sinker hooks d, to form the
loops; o is another curved plate, to raise the same hooks in case the springs
should not act; both these plates are screwed to the arms p, and are regulated

page_text: by set screws; the arms are also screwed to p; q is a sliding bar, having the
arms p and t screwed to it. To the arm p is screwed the piece r, which
carries the curved plates s, which plates throw the frame needles: backwards
and forwards; one end of the arm t is screwed to a boss t', sliding on a rod
having its ends supported at each end of the frame; the boss t¹ being actuated
by a lever t connected to the excentric, which is moved by a belt and pulley
on the driving shaft; u, u', are the curved plates which move the machine
needles for pressing and knocking over the work; these plates are screwed to
the arm r, which is screwed to the slide 9; .the plates u, u,.arc regulated by the
set screws ; w, w, are stops for the thread guide bar and presser bar; a is
a bar which affords support to the frame needles, and is raised or lowered by
the set screws y, and held in its place by the clamp ; 5 is an apparatus to
tighten the thread for making a perfect selvage; it consists of a small ring and
four wires combined, as shewn. A, A, are pieces screwed to a spindle bar, the
length of the framing; when the frame needles have been drawn back, the
pieces A are drawn down by the plate B, and held there until the frame
needles are thrown forwards; the set screws are to regulate the depth to which
the pieces A are depressed, and when the plate B has passed, the pieces A are
thrown up by the spring C. Figures 3 and 4 represent the plates n, o.
Figure 5 represents the plates s, s. Figure 6 represents the plates u, ul.
Figures 7 and 7, are a front and side view of one of the pieces A.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The thread guide having laid
the thread on the frame needles, the curved plate u strikes the sinker
hooks down, thereby forming the loops; during the time the sinker hooks
are down, the frame needles are drawn backwards by the plates s, thereby
putting the loops under the beards of the needles; the sinkers then rise,
and the presser k sliding across the beards of the needles, forces the
beards into the eyes of the needles, at the same time the plates s draw the
heads of the frame needles back against the combs, and the work is knocked
over the needle heads; at the same time the frame needles are drawn
back, the machine needles are drawn down by the plates u, the beards are
depressed by k, and the work being knocked over by the bar i, the several
plates restore the needles and sinker hooks to their original positions, and a
course is finished, a course being made each time the plates, &c. pass to the
right or left..
The pieces A, A, are placed at the edge of each breadth, and take hold of
the selvage loops, to prevent them from twisting over the ends of the frame
needles when they are drawn back.

page_text: And having now described the nature of our said Invention and in what,
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim as our
Invention is,―
The whole of the several parts shewn and described, except the sliding thread
guides, also the general arrangement and combination of parts to produce a
plain or ribbed looped fabric with a perfect salvage.
In witness whereof, we, the said Benjamin Hornbuckle Hine and Anthony
John Mundella, for ourselves, and on behalf of the said William Onion,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day of August,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GEO. Jox. ROBINSON,
BENJN H. HINE.
(L.S.)
ANTHONY J. MUNDELLA. (L.S.)
Patent Agent,
Nottingham.