AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, TO BE USED ON RAILWAY
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Murray, of Whitehill Point, in the County of
Northumberland, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Murray at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
March 1856.
I, GEORGE MURRAY, of Whitehill Point, in the County of Northumberland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR LOCOMOTIVE
ENGINES, WAGGONS, AND OTHER CARRIAGES TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS," to be as
follows:-
The improvement in the construction and manufacture of railway wheels by
this Invention is, the addition of a malleable iron crease to a cast-iron wheel,
whereby, first, a cast-iron wheel is rendered as effective as a malleable iron
wheel, at one-half of the cost; secondly, the breaking of the wheels is pre-
vented; thirdly, in the event of breakage the wheel is bound together by the
manner in which the malleable iron crease is fastened to the wheel; fourthly,
it is not necessary to turn the wheel in a lathe, as is the case with wrought-
iron wheels; and, fifthly, the process. of attaching the crease to the wheel

page_text: hardens the crease in a manner which cannot be applied to malleable iron
wheels.
The manner of constructing a wheel according to my Invention is as
follows: A cast-iron wheel is cast in the same manner as those in ordinary
use in a cast-iron case for the purpose of case-hardening the trod or tyre of
the wheel. The shape of the wheel is however in the following particular :-
In the trod or tyre of the wheel a rebate of two inches wide is constructed to
receive the crease; the rebate extends from the rim or outer edge of the tyre
towards the middle of the tyre, and is one-eighth of an inch deeper towards the
middle of the tyre than it is at the rim or edge. The crease is made of rolled
malleable iron made to fit the rebate, and to project sufficiently from the trod
of the wheel to prevent the wheel from quitting the rails of the railway. The
crease is then formed into a hoop, and when it is hot is fitted on to the cast-
iron wheel on the side of the wheel where the rebate is formed. In cooling
the crease contracts, and the rebate being deeper towards the middle of the
tyre, the crease, by means of this bevel grasps the wheel, is prevented from
being forced off, and binds the wheel together. The crease of the wheel being
subject to little wear and tear, the wheel with a wrought-iron crease will last
longer.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Murray in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th September 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, GEORGE
MURRAY, of Whitehill Point, in the County of Northumberland, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty, Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Murray, Her special licence that I, the said George Murray,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Murray, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CON-

page_text: STRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF WHEELS FOR LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, WAGGONS, AND
OTHER CARRIAGES TO BE USED ON RAILWAYS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said George Murray, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to, be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Murray, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
The improvement in the construction and manufacture of railway wheels by
this Invention is the addition of a malleable iron crease to a cast-iron wheel,
whereby, first, a cast-iron wheel is rendered as effective as a malleable iron
wheel, at one-half of the cost; secondly, the breaking of the wheels is pre-
vented; thirdly, in the event of breakage the wheel is bound together by the
manner in which the malleable iron crease is fastened to the wheel; fourthly,
it is not necessary to turn the wheel in a lathe, as is the case with wrought-
iron wheels; and, fifthly, the process of attaching the crease to the wheel
hardens the crease in a manner which cannot be applied to malleable iron
wheels
UE
RAWING.
Figure 1 is a side view, Figure 2 is a section, and Figure 3 is an edge view,
of a wheel constructed according to my Invention, the form or shape of the.
spokes and parts may, if desired, be varied.
The manner of constructing a wheel according to my Invention is as
follows: A cast-iron wheel is cast in the same manner as those in ordinary
use in a cast-iron case for the purpose of case-hardening the trod or tire of
the wheel. The shape of the wheel is, however, different in the following par-
ticular In the trod or tire of the wheel a rebate of two inches wide is con-
structed to receive the crease; the rebate extends from the rim or outer edge
of the tire towards the middle of the tire, and is one-eighth of an inch deeper
towards the middle of the tire than it is on the rim or edge. The crease is
made of rolled malleable iron made to fit the rebate, and to project sufficiently
from the trod of the wheel to prevent the wheel from quitting the rails of the
railway. The creasc is then formed into a hoop, and when it is hot is fitted
on to the cast-iron wheel on the side of the wheel where the rebate is formed.

page_text: .In cooling, the crease contracts,' and the rebate being deeper towards the
middle of the tire, the crease, by means of this bevil, grasps the wheel, is pre-
vented from being forced off, and binds the wheel together. The crease of
the wheel being subject to little wear and tear, the wheel with a wrought-iron
crease will last longer.
I claim as my Invention the combination of cast-iron and malleable iron in
this form to make wheels for locomotive engines, waggons, and all carriages
to be used on railways. I also claim the Invention of cast-iron railway wheels
with malleable iron creases. And I also claim the shape of the rebate, and
the mode of attaching the creases by the bevilled rebate to the wheels.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Murray, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
JOHN BOYD, Jun.,
Newcastle-on-Tyne.
GEORGE MURRAY. (L.S.)