IMPROVE- MENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Blezard and James Blezard, of Padiham,
in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES."
Sealed the 2nd August 1861, and dated the 8th February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas. Blezard and
James Blezard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th February 1861.
We, THOMAS BLEZARD and JAMES BLEZARD, of Padiham, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING TEMPLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the apparatus used for keeping the cloth at the
proper tension during the process of weaving, generally called temples, and
consists of a tension bar made of wrought iron, or other suitable metal or
material, having its sides formed to the requisite angle. The roller carriage
is prepared for one or more rollers of the ordinary construction, having a
tongue piece with a hole in it to receive a T-headed lock bolt with a rebated
projection on the under side, to prevent the bolt getting out of its proper
position, and which also answers for the lower part of the sliding block or
locking-piece to butt against whilst securing the temple head to the tension

page_text: bar. The sliding block or locking piece is formed with a groove in the middle
of it to fit the tongue piece of the carriage plate, the upper part being formed
to the same angle as the tension bar or rod. The roller cap is secured to the
carriage plate by any suitable means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said, Thomas Blezard and James Blezard in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 7th August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
BLEZARD and JAMES BLEZARD, of Padiham, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Thomas Blezard and James Blezard, Her special licence that we,
the said Thomas Blezard and James Blezard, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Blezard and James
Blezard, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SELF-ACTING TEMPLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Thomas Blezard and James Blezard, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Blezard and James Blezard,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):-
:-
This Invention relates to the apparatus generally called temples, used for
keeping the cloth or fabric at the proper tension during the process of weaving,
and consists in the addition of a tension bar made of wrought iron, or other

page_text: suitable metal or material, and having its sides formed to the requisite angle.
The templo head or roller carriage is prepared for one or more rollers of the
ordinary construction, and has a tongue piece with a hole in it to receive a
T-headed lock bolt, which rests upon a projection on the under side to prevent
its getting out of its proper position, and which also answers for the lower
part of the sliding block or locking piece to abut against whilst securing the
temple head to the tension bar. The sliding block or locking piece is formed
with a groove in the middle of it to fit the tongue piece of the plate of the
temple head or carriage, the upper part being formed of the same angle as
the tension bar. The roller cap is secured to the temple head by any suitable
means.
These improvements, and also modifications of the same, will be clearly
understood by referring to the figures and letters on the accompanying two
Sheets of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is an end view of a left-hand temple head or roller carriage for a
single roller, shewing our improved arrangement for fixing the temple head to
the flat tension bar with angular sides, the cap being secured in the ordinary
manner; Fig. 2, a plan of the same; Fig. 3, a plan of a right-hand temple
head with the cap removed; Fig. 4, a bottom plan of the temple head;
Fig. 5, a top plan of the same with the cap removed; Figs. 6, 7, and 8, are
different views of the sliding block or locking-piece; and Figs. 9 and 10,
different views of the T-bolts for securing each temple head to the tension bar.
pro-
Our improved tension bar is shewn at a; it has angular sides or edges, and
supports the temple head by means of the tongue piece b, the sliding block or
locking piece c, and the T-bolt d. The tongue piece has a hole e, in which is
placed the T-bolt, which is supported by the bar or projection f, forming part
of the tongue piece. The sliding block or locking piece is recessed as at g, to
fit the end of the tongue piece, and has an angular edge or side h, to correspond
with the angle of that side of the tension bar, and at i it rests upon
the
jection f, so that when the nut of the T-bolt is turned it presses the angular
edge of the sliding block against the angular edge of the tension bar, and
holds the bar firm, and when the nut is slackened the temple is still supporte:I
on the bar, but is capable of being moved to any part desired according to the
width of the fabric to be woven. The recessed position of the T-bolt enables
the nut to be at the side out of the way of the fabric. By this improved
arrangement of tension bar we are enabled to support the fabric from side to
side upon a plain surface, and thereby improve its cover and finish, whereas in
the ordinary method it has only been supported by the temple head, and could
not be prevented from sagging more or less in the middle. Instead of forming

page_text: the tension bar with angular sides, as shewn in the Drawing, the bar may be
varied in shape to an indefinite extent, and a few of the forms which may be
employed are shewn in Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, it being understood
that the tongue piece and sliding block must be arranged accordingly.
Fig. 17 represents an end view of another modification of temple head and
tension bar; and Fig. 18, a front view of one end of the bar. Each end of
the bar a is formed with a slot k, through which the tongue piece 2 of the
temple head is passed, both parts being held together by the T-bolt m, which
is recessed in the tongue piece, as before described, but there is no necessity
of a projection for supporting the bolt, as it is kept in its place by the slotted
bar itself. Fig. 19 is a plan; Fig. 20, a front elevation; and Fig. 21, an
end elevation of our improved double roller temple and cap, representing the
mode in which the temple is connected with the breast beam of the loom, and
the mode of securing the cap to the roller carriage or temple head. The
tension bar is shewn at n; it carries the temple heads o, and is supported on
the slotted links or brackets p; it is kept in its place by studs or pivots g,
which pass through the slots and are rivetted into the bar, the studs having
thin heads under the brackets. The studs can slide in the slots of the
brackets, and the tension bar is kept in position by the metallic spring 7,
exerting its force against the stud or pivots in the centre of the bar. The s
cap tis secured to the temple head by the bolt u, and the cap is prevented
from shifting or swivelling by means of a V-piece cast on the cap, fitting a
corresponding groove in the plate of the carriage or temple head.
Fig. 22 is a plan, Fig. 23, a front elevation, and Fig. 24, an end elevation,
of another modification of our improvements. The tension bar is shewn at v;
it is formed like a trough from end to end, and has in it a slot w for securing
the temple heads to the tension bar by the same bolt a that secures the cap y
to the temple bead; the tension bar being attached to the breast beam, as
shewn in Figs. 19, 20, and 21.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be under-
stood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein set forth,
as such may be varied or modified without departing from the principle
thereof; but we claim as our Invention, and which to the best of our
knowledge and belief has not been hitherto used within the realm,―
First, the general arrangement and adaptation of tension bars of any suitable
section, whether round or flat, with square or angular edges.
Secondly, the form and arrangement of the sliding block or locking piece
and locking bolt to unite any form or section of tension bar.

page_text: Thirdly, the novel arrangement and peculiar form of brackets, slotted links,
and moveable pivots, for securing the same to the breast beam.
Fourthly, the system or mode of securing the cap to the carriage plate, and
in preventing the same from swivelling thereon by the insertion of a V-piece
cast on the cap into a corresponding groove in the carriage plate, as all such
improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying two
Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Blezard, for and on behalf of
myself and the said Thomas Blezard, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-one.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named James Blezard, in
the presence of
JAMES BLEZARD. (L.B.)
E. J. HUGHES, Patent Agent,
Manchester.