IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jolin Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd, of
Shettleston, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR
THREAD."
Sealed the 28th May 1875, and dated the 1st December 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Boyd and Thomas
Alexander Boyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 1st December 1874.
We, JOHN BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Shettleston, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING
YARN OR THREAD," to be as follows, that is to say :—
This Invention has partly for its object to improve the action of certain
machinery for winding yarn or thread described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to the present applicants, and dated 27th June
1873 (No. 2226), and relates to an arrangement for winding two or more

page_text: "doubling."
The present Invention also relates to certain simple and compact
modifications of apparatus described in the said earlier Specification, but
now arranged or adapted for winding single yarns or threads, and also to
an improvement in the pirn or cop winding machinery.
In the improved doubling and winding apparatus instead of a slip of
metal millboard or other suitable material being arranged in connection
with each of the set of yarn or thread ends for being interposed between
the bobbin and driving pulley when an end breaks or fails, one com-
paratively broad interposing slip is used in connection with two or more
ends. The slip is fixed to the upper end of a vertical lever centered
behind the driving pulley, and at a slightly lower level than the bottom
of that pulley, and this slip lever is formed with a horizontal arm, which
extends forwards and has its front end curved upwards and provided with
a transverse- horizontal pin. The threads or yarns pass by preference
over a curved guide plate and across holes formed in such plate, and they
are entered each through a guide hook formed on the front end of a
light wire lever centered at its back end in such a position as to be above
the transverse pin of the forward arm of the slip lever. Each yarn or
thread supports or partly supports its own light wire lever, but on an end
breaking or failing the corresponding wire lever falls upon or with the
transverse pin of the slip lever, and this lever, the action of which is
suitably regulated by means of a weight adjustable by a screw, is
instantly made to turn so as to enter the slip between the driving pulley
and the bobbin.
Each light wire lever may also be furnished with a weight that is
adjustable by a screw, so that its strain on the yarn or thread can be
varied in different cases. The forward arm of the slip lever is in some
cases extended up through a hole in the front curved guide plate, so that
the worker can conveniently take hold of it and sustain the parts in the
proper position for starting the winding action.
The light wire levers have by preference spherical centres formed on
them by casting, and their little weights are by preference cast on their
screwed parts. The strain put on the yarn or thread by the light wire
levers may be varied without adjustable weights being applied to the

page_text: levers themselves, but by adjusting the counterbalance weight of the
slip lever so as to bear up the light wire levers more or less.
One improved arrangement for winding single yarns or threads upon
bobbins is intended for winding from large reels, and in it two bobbins
held horizontally in two-armed lever holders, as in the doubling machine,
are actuated by each driving pulley, one being placed above each pulley
and the other below it, the holder of the latter being inverted, but made
to act in the same way by a counterweighted extension. A bracket, to
which the holders are jointed, is fixed to a longitudinal frame bar or
rail, and on studs at the back of this frame bar oscillating levers are
centered at suitable intervals along the machine, and have the traverse
bars jointed to their upper and lower ends. The traverse bars are
thus got in convenient positions, and require no farther supports or
guides. The reels are supported in two tiers, and the winding appa-
ratus is compactly situated in the recess formed at one side between
the upper and lower reels.
In another modification of the single winding apparatus each driving
pulley actuates two bobbins, these being arranged one on each side of
it. Two or more longitudinal shafts with driving pulleys on them are
arranged one above the other, so that a large number of winding
bobbins can be arranged in a very small space. The various parts
are principally carried by longitudinal frame bars or rails, of which
there is one more than the number of driving shafts. The bottom rail
carries the bearings for the lowest driving shaft, and the holders for the
corresponding bobbins are jointed to brackets fixed to the under side of
the next higher rail. At intervals however the parts are joined together
to connect the two rails. This second rail has on it the bearings for the
second driving shaft, and the corresponding holders are jointed to brackets
fixed to the third rail, and so on. Traverse bars are worked close to the
sides of the rails, and each such traverse bar may be made to serve for
both the bobbins immediately above it and those immediately below it.
The improvement in the pirn or cop winding machinery relates to the
second modification of the arrangement first described in the earlier
Specification herein-before referred to, in which modification the inner or
back ends of the winding spindles of one side of the machine project
across in some positions nearly to the other side, and consists in pre-
venting the spindle ends from interfering with the pirns or cops at the

page_text: opposite ends of adjacent spindles by fixing to the frame certain curved
plates shaped to cover the spindle ends and their brackets; and to form
troughs under the pirns or winding ends of the spindles, and so separate
the
parts from each other. The troughs are slotted along the bottom for
the passage of the brackets hung on the spindles.
E
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;
filed by the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st May 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Shettleston, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Boyd and Thomas
Alexander Boyd, Her special licence that we, the said John Boyd and
Thomas Alexander Boyd, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARN OR THREAD," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander
Boyd, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander
Boyd, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
Our said Invention has partly for its object to improve the action of
certain machinery for winding yarn or thread described in the Specifi-
cation of Letters Patent granted to us and dated 27th June 1873
(No. 2226), and relates to an arrangement for winding two or more yarns
or threads on one bobbin for the purpose of what is known as
"doubling."
Our present Invention also relates to certain simple and compact
modifications of apparatus described in the said earlier Specification, but
now arranged or adapted for winding single yarns or threads, and also to
an improvement in the pirn or cop winding machinery.
And in order that our said Invention and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood, we hereunto append two Sheets
of explanatory Drawings, to be herein-after referred to, and representing
parts of winding machines as made with our improvements. In these
Drawings the same reference numerals are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
The essential parts of our improved doubling and winding apparatus
are shown on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings, Figure 1 being a
plan and Figure 2 a vertical section as taken across the winding frame
or machine.
In this apparatus instead of a slip of metal, millboard, or other
suitable material being arranged in connection with each of the set of
yarn or thread ends for being interposed between the bobbin 1 and
driving pulley 2 when an end breaks or fails, we now use one com-
paratively broad interposing slip 3 in connection with two or more ends.
The slip 3 is jointed to the upper end of a lever 4, which is shown in
front view in Figure 3, and is in the form of a frame, being centered on
a horizontal wire 5 held by a small bracket 6 bolted to the central rail 7
of the machine. The centre wire 5 is held in its place by having one
end, which is bended over in a loop form, sprung into a depression formed
for it on the bracket. The centre or axis (5) of the lever 4 is situated
behind the driving pulley 2, and at a slighly lower level than the bottom
of that pulley, and attached to the lever 4 there is a horizontal arm 8,
which extends forwards and has its front end 9 curved upwards and pro-.

page_text: vided with a transverse horizontal pin 10. The threads or yarns 11 pass
by preference over a curved guide plate 12 and across a slot formed in
such plate, and they are entered each through a guide hook or curl
formed on the front end of a light wire lever 13, the normal position of
the guide hooks or curls being in the slot of the guide plate 12. The
wire guide or detector levers 13 are centered at their back ends, so as to
be above the transverse pin 10 of the forward arm 8, 9, of the slip
lever 4.
Each yarn or thread 11 supports or partly supports its own light wire
lever 13, but on an end breaking or failing the corresponding wire
lever 13 falls upon or with the transverse pin 10 of the slip lever, and
this lever 8, 4, the action of which is suitably regulated by means of a
weight 14 adjustable by a screw, is thereby instantly made to turn so as
to put forward and enter the slip 3 in between the driving pulley 2 and
the bobbin 1. As in the modification described in the earlier Specifi-
cation herein-before referred to, the interposing of the slip 3 in this way
at once stops the motion of the bobbin 1, the action generally taking
place so rapidly with our present improved arrangements as that the
broken ends do not get wound up on the bobbin further than admits of
their being quite easily got hold of for piecing.
Each light wire lever 13 may also be furnished, as shown in Figure 4,
with a weight 15, that is adjustable by a screw, so that its strain on the
yarn or thread can be varied in different cases.
The forward arm 8, 9, of the slip lever is by preference extended up,
as shown in Figures 1, 2, through a hole in the front curved guide
plate 12, so that the worker can conveniently take hold of it to sustain
the parts in the proper positions whilst starting the winding action.
The light wire levers 13 have by preference spherical centres formed
on them by casting, and their little weights 15 when used are by pre-
ference cast on screwed parts of them. The several wire levers 13 for
each set of yarns or threads are centered in a little bracket 16 and on a
wire 17, which is fixed by having its bent over end sprung into a
depression on the bracket. The strain put on the yarns or threads 11 by
the light wire levers 13 may be varied without adjustable weights being
applied to the levers themselves, but by adjusting the counterbalance
weight 14 of the slip lever 4, 8, so as to bear up the light wire levers 13
more or less.

page_text: The parts of the apparatus shown in Figures 1, 2, and not herein-beforo
specially referred to, are constructed and act substantially like the cor-
responding parts described in the earlier Specification herein-before
referred to.
The construction shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, may obviously be used
with one light wire lever 13 for winding a single yarn or thread.
One of our improved arrangements for winding single yarns or threads
upon bobbins is shown in Figures 5 and 6 on Sheet 2 of the accom-
panying Drawings, and is for winding from large reels 18. In this
arrangement two bobbins 1 held horizontally in two-armed lever
holders 19, as in the doubling machine, are actuated by each driving
pulley 2, one being placed above each pulley and the other below it, the
holder 19 of the latter being inverted, but made to act in the same way
relatively to the pulley 2 by a counterweighted extension 20, with which
it is formed.
A bracket 21, to which the holders 19 are jointed, is fixed to a longi-
tudinal frame bar or rail 22, and on studs 23 at the back of this frame
bar oscillating levers 24 are centered at suitable intervals along the
machine, and have the traverse bars 25 jointed to their upper and lower
ends. The traverse bars 25 are thus got in convenient positions, and
require no further supports or guides. The movements of the traverse
bars 25 are imparted to them by connecting rods 26 from levers 27 fixed
on a transverse horizontal shaft 28 carried by brackets 29 at one end of
the machine, this shaft 28 having fast on it another lever 30 provided
with an antifriction roller and acted on by a helical cam 31. This cam 31
is carried on a stud 32, and is formed in one piece with a worm wheel 33,
which is turned by a worm on a shaft geared by bevil wheels 34 to the
shaft 35 of the pulleys 2.

page_text: number of bobbins can be arranged in a very small space. The various
parts are principally carried by longitudinal frame bars or rails 36, of
which there is one more than the number of driving shafts 35. The
bottom rail 36 carries those bearings 37 of the lowest driving shaft 35;
which are between the main transverse or end frames 38 of the machine,
and the holders 19 for the corresponding bobbins 1 are jointed to
brackets 39 fixed to the under side of the next higher rail 36. At
intervals howevér along the machine the brackets 39. and bearing
pieces 37 are cast with connecting parts 40 to tie together and strengthen
the two rails. The second rail 36 has on it the bearings 37 for the
second driving shaft 35, and the corresponding holders 19 arc jointed to
brackets 39 fixed to the third rail 36.
In the modification shown in Figure 7 there are three rails 36 and two
driving shafts 35, but the same construction may obviously be extended
to take in additional tiers of bobbins. Traverse bars 25 are worked close
to the sides of one or more of the rails 36, and each such traverse bar
may be made as shown to serve for guiding the threads both of the
bobbins 1 immediately above it and of those immediately below it. In
the modification shown in Figure 7 the threads are delineated as being
wound from pirns 41.
.
⚫ Our present improvement in the pirn or cop winding machinery relates.
to the second modification of the arrangement first described in the
earlier Specification herein-before referred to, and is shown in Figures, 8,
9, 10, which are respectively a plan and two vertical sections at right
angles to each other. In this modification the inner or back ends 42 of
the winding spindles 43 of each side of the machine project across in
some positions nearly to the other side, and the improvement consists in
preventing the spindle ends 42 from interfering, with the pirns or cops at
the opposite ends of adjacent spindles by fixing to the framing certain
curved plates 44 shaped to cover the spindle ends 42 and their
brackets 45, and to form troughs under the pirns or winding ends 46 of
the spindles, and so separate the parts from each other.
The trough
parts of the curved plates 44 are slotted along the bottom for the
passage
of the brackets 45 hung on the spindles 43. The curved plates 44 are
by preference formed in separate pieces, each comprising one trough part
and one cover part, but they may if desired be formed in pieces com-
prising two or more trough parts and cover parts.

page_text: Instead of the plates 44 being slotted for the hung brackets 45 they
may be formed so that these brackets pass up between two contiguous
sections or pieces of the plates, or each bracket 45 may have the front
end shaped to pass up at the side of the trough part of the plate 44, the
bracket 45 being so arranged in connection with the back end of the
spindle as that its front end does not require to be connected to the
spindle.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention and the manner
of performing the same, we have to state that we do not restrict our-
selves to the precise details herein described or delineated, but that what
we believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention secured
to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1. The applying in connection with each bobbin of winding apparatus
such as is herein-before described with reference to Sheet 1 of the
accompanying Drawings of a single comparatively broad slip in con-
nection with a lever which is combined with one or more light wire
levers or detectors, substantially as herein-before described.
2. The combining of the slip lever and its detector levers in the
manner herein-before described, and the regulating of the action of the
detector levers by adjusting the counterbalance weight of the slip
lever.
3. The herein-before described mode of constructing and mounting
the detector levers.
4. The arranging of two bobbins combined with our bobbin holders
and hand levers in connection with one driving pulley, substantially in
the manner herein-before described with reference to Figure 5 on Sheet 2
of the accompanying Drawings.
5. The mounting of the traverse bars in the manner herein-before
described with reference to Figures 5 and 6 on Sheet 2 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
6. The combining of two or more tiers of winding details with longi-
tudinal bearing rails, substantially in the manner herein-before described
with reference to Figure 7 on Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings,
the said winding details comprising longitudinal shafts with driving
pulleys, each of which has in connection with it two bobbins combined
with our holders and hand levers.

page_text: 7. The applying of curved plates, substantially as and for the purposes
herein-before described with reference to Figures 8, 9, 10, on Sheet 2 of
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Boyd, on behalf of myself
and the said Thomas Alexander Boyd, have hereunto set my 5
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
JOHN BOYD. (L.S.)