Improvements in Telephone and Telegraph Systems.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 12th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by CHRISTOPHER AMBROSE SHEA, of Milton, in the
County of Norfolk, Telegraphist, and FREEBORN FAIRFIELD RAYMOND 2d.
of Newton, in the County of Middlesex, Lawyer, both in the State of
Massachusetts, United States of America.]
Improvements in Telephone and Telegraph Systems.
1, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to use oue wire for the simultaneous transmission
of telegraphic and telephonic signals, the telephoue being wholly inactive to the
telegraph currents, both out-going and in-coming, in the following manner :—
The line that is connected from the telegraph instruments and battery and earth
is divided, one brauch is led directly around a telephone converter and to the
main lino in one direction, and the other branch is led around the same convertor
in the opposite direction and to the main line. In ouch branch and between
the converter and the tolegraph instrument is interposed a telephonic current
resistanco or barrier. In one branch is connected a condenser the opposite plates
of which are grounded. The condenser is connected between the converter and
the telephonic current resistance or barrier for the purpose of compelling the
telephonic currents to take but one coil around the converter through the condenser
and to earth, the other coil around the converter being connected to the telc-
phonic current resistance or barrier and therefore imperincable to such currents.
So, therefore, it is sceu that all telegraph currents divido and flow equally and in
opposite directions around the telephone converter and do not energize it, and
the telephone, which is connected to the converter, consequently remains quiet.
The telephonic currents, however, flow around the converter in only one direction ;
it is therefore energized and these impulses are reproduced in the telephone.
In one of the branches can be placed a non-inductive resistance and in the
other branch an inductive resistance to telephonic currents and a condcuser connected
with the non-inductive resistance, these two resistances are made to balance cach
other in the converter in order that they do not operato it.
In the two branches can be placed any resistances or devices for balancing
the telegraph currents, one branch containing a path or circuit for telophone
currents.
A telephone instead of a converter can be used the core wound and connected
in the same manner as the converter.
If two wires bo used, each wire is used separately and independently for
telegraphic purposes of any description in the manner previously described, and
the two wires are used for the telephonic signals in the manuer of a metallic
circuit.
Dated this 5th day of March 1895.

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declaro
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to use one wire for the simultaneous transmission
of telegraphic and telephonic signals, the telephone being wholly inactive to the
telegraph currents, both out-going and in-coming, in the following manner :-
The line that is connected from the telegraph instruments and battery and earth
is divided, one branch is led directly around a telephone converter and to the main
line in one direction, and the other branch is led around the same converter in
the opposite direction and to the main line. In each brauch and between the
converter and the tolegraph instrument is interposed a telephonic current resistance
or barrier.
In one branch is connected a condenser the opposite plates of which
are grounded. The condenser is connected between the converter and the telephonic
current resistance or barrier for the purpose of compelling the telephonic currents
to take but one coil around the converter through the condenser and to earth,
the other coil around the converter being connected to the telephonic current
resistance or barrier and thereforo impermeable to such currents. So, therefore,
it is seen that all telegraph currents divide and flow equally and in opposite
directions around the telephone converter and do not energize it, and the telephone,
which is connected to the converter, consequently remains quiet. The telephonic
currents, however, flow around the converter in only one direction; it is therefore
energized and these impulses are reproduced in the telephone.
In one of the branches can be placed a non-inductive resistauce and in the other
branch an inductive resistance to telephonic currents and a condenser connected
with the non-inductive resistance, these two resistances are made to balance cach
other in the converter in order that they do not operate it.
In the two branches can be placed any resistances or devices for balancing the
telegraph currents, one branch containing a path or circuit for telephone currents.
A telephone instead of a converter can be used the core wound and connected in
the same manner as the converter.
If two wires be used, each wire is used separately and independently for
telegraphic purposes of any description in the manuer previously described, nud
the two wires aro used for the telephonic signals in the manner of a metallic
circuit.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I will now describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings the figures of which are
hereinafter referred to.
Referring now to Figure 1
Line 1 and line 2 comprises the two sides of a telephone metallic circuit. C is a
telephone converter. (It will be desirable to use those having the highest
efficiency, and converters are now in use which have an efficiency of ninety
per cent.) R, R₁, R' and R' are inductive resistances. K is a condenser to
complete the telephone circuit. B B' are branches in which the telegraph instru-
ments T are placed. Between the branch B' and the main line is provided a loop,
in the branches of which are interposed the inductive resistances R' R', and the
branches of this loop are coiled around the converter in opposite directions, and
then connected with the main line 1. Thus the converter will be oppositely
vibrated by concurrent impulses travelling along the branches of the loop either
from the telegraph instrument or from the main line. A similar arrangement is

page_text: provided with line 2. Any current arriving from branch B divides and flows
viz. R and R', and by coils c and c¹, differentially and equally around the core of
the couverter and to the line. The telephone T will not be disturbed by such
current, there being no action in the converter arising from it. All currents from
branch B' also flow equally and differentially around the core of the converter C,
ria 1 and R', coils and to the line, the telephone being inoperative to th so
signals.
The incoming telegraph currents of any potential whatever will not be felt in
the telephone, as these two divide and flow equally and differentially around the
converter. The telephone currents take the serial path of line 1, coil c,
condenser K, coil c and line 2. Thus the condenser K, coil c, and line 2 forin a
return circuit for incoming telephonic impulses arriving along the branch of the
loop in line 1, while the condenser K, coil and line 1 form a return circuit for
incoming telephonic impulses arriving along the branch of the loup of the
opposite line. These currents will not traverse coils c' and c, the inductance of R¹
and R making an impassable barrier, neither will they go via R and R' on account
of the inductance.
The fact that any telegraphic current strength can be used enables a quadruplex
or multiplex telegraph apparatus of any kind to be put in brauch B or B', or both,
thereby increasing the capacity of every circuit a number of times over the present
system. Notwithstanding this great increase in the service of each line, both the
telegraph and telephone systems will work better than the ono now in use, for the
reason that the telegraphic circuit is not loaded down with retardation and rosist-
ances and the telephone, being in a perfect balance, will not reproduce the
telegraphic signals.
The converter C will be inoperative to all the telegraphic currents, but the
telephone currents traversing the circuit of line 1, coil, converter K, coil c', and
live 2 will be reproduced in the telephone with only a slight percentage of loss.
When the transmitter TR is spoken into, the speech will be produced in the
circuit just named and will operate the distant telephone.
In this invention, it will be noticed, the feature of graduating, so called, is
absent; aud the effect of all telegraph currents in the telephones is neutralized by
causing them to separate and flow in opposite directions about the telephone
converter. This permits each line to be brought up to its full capacity, that is,
the telephone service, is continuous and effective, while the telegraph service is
increased from a single service ou ench line of the metallic circuit to a quadruplex
or any multiplex system without hurting the telephone service.
It will be understood that the capacity of each line or wire is now limited to
single wire telegraph service, and will not stand forty cells of battery without
causing pulsation in the telephone, and the quadruplox, which employs about
three hundred and eighty cells, cannot possibly be used with the present system,
Another advantage arising from this system is that the incoming telegraphi
currents are also neutralized so far as their effect upon the telephone is concerned.
Another advantage is that the telegraph current is retarded only to a very
small extent, as it meets only the joint resistance of the two coils R R¹, co' which
reduce the resistance to that of one-half of one coil.
We have shown in Figure 1 the telephone T wound on the middle of the
converter morely for clearness. By this system cross-writing will occur by the
discharging of the condenser K. This can be obviated by the arrangement shown
in Figure 2, where two condensers instead of one are placed between R and R,
and a ground established between the two. This ground will assist the telephono
current and give it better quality, for when it arrives at K or K', it will take the
return route of sinallest resistance, the carth, instead of traversing the other wire,
where it would meet considerable retardation. The ground between the con-
densers K K will not make the telephone noisy, as it is connected in the middle
and to coils in opposito directions. The retardation to the telegraph current
in the circuit R c' due to the condenser can bo balanced by an equal retardation

page_text: in R, and the same is of course true of the divided branches R³ R³. This is
shown in Figure 3 where A is inductive resistance coil; 13', non-inductive
resistance, which balances A when the condensers discharge, preventing a pulsation
in the telephone. C' and D perform the same functions.
We will here mention that two converters instead of one may be used that is,
the line wires connected to two separate converters, and the telephone connected to
both, in the well known way; but we prefer using one converter, one reason being
to have the loss of the telephone currents as small as possible.
In Figure 2 R and R³ are inductive resistances. R and R' are non-inductive
resistances. The resistance in R' is just sufficient to balance the flow of telegraph
current in R, which allows equal amounts to flow around the couverter differentially.
The same is true of R and R. The route of the telephone current is line 1,
coil c, non-inductive resistance R', condensers K, K', resistance R', coil c³ and
line 2, reproducing in the telephone. They will not shunt via el or c¹ on account
of inductance at R and R. The resistance in R aud R will not reduce the
telephone currents to any appreciable extent.
Figure 4 shows a telephone core, instead of a connecter, wound in the same
manner. The telegraph currents flow around the coro equally and in opposite
directions, and, therefore, do not actuate the diaphragm. The telephone currents
circulating the line pass around the core in one direction only namely by way of
resistance R', condenser K and to earth, thereby energizing the core, and actuating
the diaphragm.
Figure 5 shows a specially wound coil C which possesses the advantages of
keeping out any current that may tend to circulate it serially but currents flowing
round it in opposite directions at the same moment, such as come from the telegraphi
systems T, meet only the resistance, and no inductance, of the coil. The telephone
current which would attempt to circulate the winding serially would magnetize
the core and the resulting inductance would keep them out. By the use of this
coil the telegraph system meets no rotardation.
The small resistance is to balance the condenser discharge in the other branch
at K.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is ;-
1. In a telegraph and telephone system two telegraph lines, an interposed con-
verter around which both lines are coiled, and one or more condensers between said
lines, to complete the telephone circuit, and between the converter and telegraph
instrument or instruments.
2. In a combined telegraph and telephone system, the combination, with a main
line, and a telegraph instrument, of a loop between the telegraph instrument and
the main line, a telephone oppositely vibrated by concurrent impulses along the
two branches of the loop, a barrier in one of said branches for incoming telephonic
impulses, and a return circuit for such impulses arriving along the other branch,
substantially as described.
3. lu a combined telegraph and telephone system, the combination, with a main
line, of a telegraph instrument, a loop between the telegraph instrument and the
main line, a telephone oppositely vibrated by concurrent impulses along the two
branches of the loop, a return circuit for incoming telephonic impulses connected
with one of said branches, and a barrier for said impulses through the other branch,
substantially as described.
4. In a combined telegraph and telephone system, the combination, with a main
line of a telegraph instrument, a loop between the telegraph instrument and the
main line, a telephone converter about which the two branches of the loop are
wound in opposite directions, a return circuit for incoming telephonic impulses
connected with one of said brauches and a barrier for said impulses through the
other branch, substantially as described.

page_text: 5. In a combined telegraph and telephone system, the combination of two main
lines, independent telegraph instruments therofor, loops between the instruments
and the main lines, a telephone oppositely vibrated by concurrent impulses along
the branches of either loop, a barrier for incoming telephonic impulses in one
brauch of either loop, and a return circuit or circuits for such impulses along the
other branches, substantially as described.
6. In a combined telegraph and telephone system, the combination, with a main
line and a telegraph instrumeut, of a loop interposed between said line and
instrument, a telephone oppositely vibrated by concurrent impulses along the two
branches of the loop, an inductive resistance in one of said branches, a non-
inductive resistance in the other branch, and a return tolephonic circuit, substantially
as described.
7. In a combined telegraph and teleplione system, the combination of a main
line, two incoming branches proceeding therefrom, a telephone oppositoly vibrated
by concurrent impulses along the two branches, each brauch being connected with
the home telegraph instrument and also with earth through a condenser, an
inductive resistance opposing telephonic impulsos along one of said branches to
the condeuser, and a balancing nou-inductive resistance in the circuit of the
telephonic impulses along the other branch, substantially as described.
8. In a combined telegraph and telephono system, the combination of telegraph
and telephone instruments, a main line coiled about the telephone or couverter
core, a branch wire from the telegraph instrument oppositely coiled about said
core, means for stopping telephonic impulses along said branch wire, and a return
telephonic circuit, substantially as described.
9. In a combined telegraph and telephone system, the combination of two main
lines, independent telegraph instruments therofor, a telephone or telephone con-
verter, two branches proccoding from each telegraph instrument and oppositely
wound about the telephone or convertor core, one of said branches at each sido
being connected with its main line, means for stopping telephonic impulses along
the other branches, and a telephonic circuit connection between the lines, substantially
as described.
10. In a combined telegraph and telephone system, the combination of two main
lines, independent telegraph instruments therefor, a telephono or telephone cou-
verter, two branches proceeding from each telegraph instrument and oppositely
wound about the telephone or converter core, oue of said branches at each side
being connected with its main line, means for stopping telephonic impulses along
the other branches, and a grounded telephonic circuit connection between the
lines, substantially as described.
ليمو
AY
1
1007
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.