provements in the Manufacture of Swivels for Cart and Gig Harness.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left. 31st May. 1900-Accepted. 7th July 1900
Date of Application, 20th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left. 31st May. 1900-Accepted. 7th July. 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in the Manufacture of Swivels for Cart and Gig
Harness.
71
I, SYDNEY BENJAMIN WHEWAY, of Birchill's Works, Green Lane, Walsall, in
the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
Swivels for cart harness are ordinarily made by the forging process, and my
invention consists of the method of manufacture hereinafter described by which
the use of skilled labour is largely dispensed with. The swivels made by the
method which constitutes my invention are more exact in figure and more uniform
in size than those manufactured by the ordinary method.
I will describe my invention in connection with the manufacture of an oval
headed swivel. The said process with the required change in the form of the
dies is applicable to the manufacture of other shaped swivels such for example as
square headed swivels and swivels of the kind called trace end swivels.
I take a blank of thick iron or steel and by means of a stamp and dies having
the required figures I operate on the heated blank cutting out the bow or oval
head and compressing the metal at that part where the socket is to be made into
the required shape. The bow and socket thus roughly formed are finished by
making the required hole in the socket for the reception of the bolt. The said
bolt may be made in the ordinary way; or the bolt may be cylindrical, that is,
without a head and the head may be connected with the bolt by the end of the
bolt being screwed the head having a screwed hole in which the screwed end of
the bolt may be engaged after the said bolt has been passed into the hole in the
socket. The screwed head may be fixed by a rivet. Or the head may be fixed
on the bolt by brazing or otherwise.
Where the shackle is made of two arms or branches in one piece with the
socket, the ends of the said arms being connected by a cross pin so as to complete
the bow, I stamp the socket and arms in one piece the expanded ends of the
arms having the form of discs. These discs are afterwards bent' so as to be in
parallel planes, and holes are formed in them for the cross pin to pass through.
The swivels made according to my invention are finished in the ordinary way.
Dated this Twentieth day of September 1899.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Swivels for Cart and Gig
Harness.
I, SYDNEY BENJAMIN WIEWAY, of Birchill's Works, Green Lane, Walsall, in
the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
Price 8d\

page_text: tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
Swivels for cart and gig harness are ordinarily made by the forging process,
and my invention consists of the method of manufacture hereinafter described
by which the use of skilled labour is largely dispensed with. The swivels made
by the method which constitutes my invention are more exact in figure and
more uniform in size than those manufactured by the ordinary method.
I will describe my invention in connection with the manufacture of an oval
headed swivel. The said process with the required change in the formation of the
dies is applicable to the manufacture of other shaped swivels such for example as
square headed swivels and swivels of the kind called trace end swivels.
"I take a blank of thick iron or steel and by means of a stamp and dies having
the required figures I operate on the heated blank cutting out the bow or oval
head and compressing the metal at that part where the socket is to be made into
the required shape. The bow and socket thus roughly formed are finished by
making the required hole in the socket for the reception of the bolt. The said
bolt may be made in the ordinary way; or the bolt may be cylindrical, that is,
without a head and the head may be connected with the bolt by the end of the
bolt being screwed, the head having a screwed hole in which the screwed end
of the bolt may be engaged after the said bolt has been passed into the hole in
the socket. The screwed head may be fixed by a rivet.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in front elevation and edge
view, a blank or short length of bar iron or steel from which I make the bow
and socket of the swivel according to my invention.
Figure 2 represents in front elevation and Figure 3 in vertical section the
shaped bow a and enlarged part or boss a² from which the socket is afterwards
obtained, the said bow a and boss a² being produced by a stamping and piercing
operation from the blank Figure 1 when in a heated state, the stamp and dies
used having a figure the counterpart of the bow a and socket part or boss a² to
be produced.
Figure 4 is a sectional view of the bow a after the drilling of the boss or
enlarged part to form the socket a²
Figure 5 represents in elevation the screw bolt and Figure 6 represents in
section the screw nut of the bolt by the attachment of which screw bolt and nut
to the bow and socket a, a² the swivel is completed.
Figure 7 represents in elevation and Figure 8 in section the finished swivel.
Figure 9 represents in section a swivel of the kind represented in Figures 7
and 8 in which swivel Figure 9, the bolt is made plain or unscrewed and the
nut fixed thereto by rivetting.
Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 represent modifications of my invention
hereinafter particularly described.
In making the swivel represented in Figures 7 and 8 the stem or shank of the
screw bolt
is passed into the socket a² of the bow a and the screw nut c is
screwed on to the end of the screw bolt 6 projecting through the socket a² into
the bow a the stem of the screw bolt b being preferably of such a length that
when the screw nut is screwed the required distance on the stem of the bolt the
end of the said stem projects slightly above the top of the nut c.
end is hammered or rivetted on the top of the screw nut e and the accidental
This projecting
unscrewing of the screw nut thereby prevented.
On the stem of the bolt b may be left plain or unscrewed as in Figure 9 and
the nut to be used therewith made correspondingly plain internally the connec-
tion of the hollow head or nut to the stem of the bolt being made by rivetting
as is represented in Figure 9. Where for additional security it is thought neces-
sary, the plain nut c may be shrunk on the plain bolt b and the bolt subsequently
rivetted as described with reference to Figure 9.
Or the head or nut may be fixed to the bolt by brazing or otherwise.

page_text: Or the head may be in one piece with the bolt the said bolt being in this case
without an eye as is represented in Figure 10. In this case the bolt b is passed
through the socket a³ from the inside of the bow a as is represented in Figure 10)
and the end of the bolt projecting through the socket is knocked up by dies and
pressure and is simultaneously or afterwards pierced to form the eye as is repre-
sented in Figure 11.
Where as in Figures 12 and 13 the shackle or bow is made of two arms or
branches in one piece with the socket, the ends of the said arms being connected
by a cross pin so as to complete the bow, I stamp the socket and arms in one
piece as is represented in elevation and plan in Figures 14 and 15 respectively,
the expanded ends of the arms having the form of discs a¹, a which are after-
wards pierced, the socket part or boss a² from which the socket is to be made
being produced solid and subsequently drilled'; or the part a² may be made hollow
or tubular in the stamping process. The arms are afterwards bent so as to
bring the discs a, a¹ into parallel planes and the cross pin d is passed through
the eyes of the disc so as to complete the bow.
The cross pin & may be fixed by a cottar as in Figure 12 or by a screw nut as in
Figure 13 or in any of the ordinary ways.
The swivels made according to my invention are finished in the ordinary way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is:
my invention
First: Manufacturing swivels for cart and gig harness from blanks of bar
iron or steel by heating the said blanks and while in a heated state subjecting
them to stamping and piercing operations by which the bow is cut out and the
part from which the socket is to be formed is shaped; subsequently drilling or
otherwise producing the hole in the socket part and connecting the bolt of the
swivel thereto in either of the ways hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 1 to 11 both inclusive of the accompanying drawings.
Secondly: Manufacturing swivels, the shackles or bows of which consist of
two parallel arms or branches connected by a cross pin, from blanks having at
their middle the socket, or part from which the socket is to be formed, and at
their ends circular discs from which the eyes for the cross pin are made, the
parts on either side of the socket or socket part being afterwards bent so as to
bring the pierced dises into parallel planes substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 12, 13, 14 and 15 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the Twenty-sixth day of May 1900.
SYDNEY BENJAMIN WHEWAY.