Improvements in Calendering Machines for Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1891-Accepted, 16th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Calendering Machines for Textile Fabrics.
I, JAMES, FARMER, of Adelphi Iron Works, Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in calendering machines for finishing textile
fabrics and the chief object of my improvements is to construct a machine in which
the pressure of ordinary compound levers with adjusting screws can be utilized for
the operations called "chesting" or "jacking" which consist of winding the cloth
upon one of the bowls or upon a bobbin between two bowls while the latter are
loaded by an arrangement of weighted compound levers. As the diameter of this
bowl or bobbin increases while the cloth is being wound on, the bowl is bound to
rise as well as the levers which load it. The stripping or taking off of the cloth
from the bowl or from the bobbin necessitates the lifting and lowering of the top
bowl and the mechanism which adjusts the compound levers has to perform these
operations also. To keep these levers in a normal free oscillating or floating
position is the main object of my invention.
To accomplish this object I connect the adjusting screws by means of suitable
gearing to a reversing gear the action of which is controlled by a hand lever held
in a normal position by means of a spring. Suitable connections to the compound
levers are provided which act on the hand lever in such a way that the slightest
motion of these levers causes the reversing gear to work and to regulate the
adjusting screws.
A convenient construction of such a compensating apparatus consists in
connecting the top screws with spur or bevel or worm and wheel gear to a strap
reversing gear running at a suitable speed. This reversing gear may consist of two
loose pulleys with straight and crossed straps and one middle fast pulley. The
two strap forks are fitted on a rod connected with a hand lever and are held in a
normal position by means of springs. A rod connected to one of the compound
levers carries a stop nut which, as soon as these levers rise, acts on the strap tackle
and causes the gear to unwind the adjusting screws, thus compelling the compound
levers to keep their free middle position.
For relieving the pressure on the bowls or lifting and lowering the top bowl a
simple working of the hand lever up or down is required, and when setting the
pressure on, as soon as the compound levers have reached their middle free or
oscillating position the reversing gear is stopped automatically so that any mistake
on the part of the man is practically impossible.
Dated this 17th day of October 1890
H. B. BARLOW,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Calendering Machines for Textile Fabrics.
I, JAMES FARMER, of Adelphi Iron Works, Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in calendering machines for finishing
textile fabrics and the chief object of my improvements is to construct a machine
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page_text: As the
in which the pressure of ordinary compound levers with adjusting screws can be
utilized for the operations called "chesting" or "jacking" which consist of winding
the cloth upon one of the bowls or upon a. bobbin: between two bowls while the
latter are loaded by an arrangement of weighted compound levers.
diameter of this bowl or bobbin increases while the cloth is being wound on the
bowl is bound to rise as well as the levers which load it. The stripping or taking off
of the cloth from the bowl or from the bobbin necessitates the lifting and lowering of
the top bowl and the mechanism which adjusts the compound levers has to perform
these operations also. To keep these levers in a normal free oscillating or floating
position is the main object of my invention.
To accomplish this object I connect the adjusting screws by means of suitable
gearing to a reversing gear the action of which is controlled by a hand lever held
in a normal position by means of a spring. Suitable connections to the compound
levers are provided which act on the hand lever in such a way that the motion of
these levers causes the reversing gear to work and to regulate the adjusting screws.
A convenient construction of such a compensating apparatus consists in connecting
the top screws with spur or bevel or worm and wheel gear to a strap reversing gear
running at a suitable speed. This reversing gear may consist of two loose pulleys
with straight and crossed straps and one middle fast pulley. The two strap forks are
fitted on a rod connected with a hand lever and are held in a normal position by
means of a spring. A rod connected to one of the compound levers carries a stop
nut which, as soon as these levers rise, acts on the strap tackle and causes the gear to
unwind the adjusting screws, thus compelling the compound levers to keep their
free middle position.
For relieving the pressure on the bowls or lifting and lowering the top bowl a
simple working of the hand lever up or down is required, and when setting the
pressure on, as soon as the compound levers have reached their middle free or
oscillating position the reversing gear is stopped automatically so that any mistake
on the part of the man is practically impossible.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will describe the accompanying two sheets of drawings reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an end elevation and Fig. 2 a side elevation of a calendering
machine embodying my improvements.
In these views a designates the standard or main frame of the machine. b, c, d,
e, f, the five bowls or rollers the axes of which are supported in slide blocks fitted in
slideways in the standard a. The top bowl f is weighted by the ordinary arrange-
ment of compound levers g, h and i and two pressure adjusting screws k.
spur
According to my improvements as already stated, I gear the adjusting screws k
together by means of the spur wheels k¹, k and j. Into the wheel is geared
a pinion fixed on an upright shaft 1, at the bottom end of which is also fixed a
worm wheel gearing into a worm m fixed on the driving and reversing gear
shaft n, on the shaft n are mounted a pair of loose pulleys o driven by open and
crossed belts respectively, and the fast pulley.p. The strap forks.q are: fixed upon
the rod r which is moved backward or forward as required by means of the elbow
lever s which is operated either by the hand lever t which is held into its normal
position by means of the spring 2 (or springs) or automatically from the weighted
lever by the connecting rod u. The bowls are driven as usual from the main
shaft v of the machine by means of the pinion which gears into a spur wheel d¹
mounted on the axis of the roller d. When the bobbin is employed for jacking
purposes I employ a bobbin carrier consisting of the swinging balance w which
supports two bobbin rollers a and y either of which can be inserted between the
two top rollers e and so that the fabric is being stripped or wound off the one
while the other is being filled and calendered.
It will be readily understood from the foregoing description of the parts that
when jacking or chesting while the cloth is being wound upon the bowle or for
the bobbin as the case may be the diameter gradually increases whereby the lever i

page_text: is lifted and by the rod u and connections as described actuates the reversing gear
and so by means of the worm gearing the upright shaft and the spur gearing the
adjusting screws kare turned so as to raise or lower the lever g to regulate the
pressure and compensate for the increased diameter of the bowl or bobbin. This
compensating action is of course only required when the machine is employed for
chesting and jacking but the various operations of chasing swizzing frictional
calendering and ordinary calendering can also be carried out on my improved
machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a calendering machine adapted for the operations of chesting and jacking
the combination with the ordinary arrangement of weighted compound levers and
adjusting screws of driving and reversing gear for turning said screws in either
direction as required in order to adjust and regulate the pressure to compensate for
the varying diameter of the bowl or bobbin.
2. The general combination and arrangement of parts embodying my improve-
ments in a calendering machine for textile fabrics substantially as herein shown and
described for the purposes specified.
Dated this 21st dor of March 1891
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.