Improvements in Coke Ovens and in Machinery in connection therewith.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 9th Oct.,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Coke Ovens and in Machinery in connection
therewith.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD KOCHS, Civil Engineer, of 11 The Parade, Cardiff, Glamor-
ganshire, in the Principality of Wales, England, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This Invention relates to Improvements in gas and air flues in connection with
coke ovens, and to the arrangement of certain in and outlet slides for regulating
the flow of gas and of air, as well as regulating the heat in the various flues of the
ovens, so as to cause a, more or less, uniform temperature; it further relates to an
improved plan of heating the atmospheric air required for burning the gas in the
flues and to conducting hot air to several gas burners and to the improvement in
the construction of such gas burners; it also relates to improvements in the con-
struction of coke pushing engines and in the arrangement of a winding mechanism
in connection with the engine at the command of the engineman for the expedi-
tious and simultaneous uplifting of both the coke oven doors, back and front,.
whereby much time is saved, and the coke is rapidly discharged out of the ovens.―
The coke oven is of the usual, horizontal, rectangular, flat bottom type, see A,
Figs. 1, 2, 3 and is covered over by either a segmental or a semicircular arch B,
and under the oven floor there are one or more longitudinal parallel flues, C, C, C³
separated from each other by light partition walls, covered with arches, extending
the whole length of the ovens. These flues are filled from end to end, that is,
under the whole length of the ovens, with fire bricks of suitable sizes, placed one
row upon the other, lengthway and crossway on the regenerating and heat storing
plan, so that, when hot gases, which descend from the ovens, pass through these
Hues and envelope the bricks, these are made hot and retain a, more or less even
heat. There is a connecting flue or passage D, constructed outside the ovens,
which conducts the hot gas, which descends from the partition flues, E, E, E.
into the aforesaid bottom flues under the first and second ovens, and if so desired,
under three or four adjoining ovens. This outside connecting flue is however not
claimed here as a novelty, as this plan is adopted by other ovens now working
moreover there are in other instances as many as six ovens working together.
This connecting flue could be constructed within the limit, that is under the ovens,
but it is preferred outside, so as not to weaken the oven walls. The hot gases pass
through the connecting flue into the flues C, C1, C2 under the ovens and from thence
through openings F, F1, F2, into the main gas flue G. The openings F, F, F³,
one at each flue end, are each provided with fire brick sides by which the area of
them can be moderated, so as to cause, as near as possible, an uniform heat through
all the flues. By means of these slides these two ovens can also be completely dis-
connected from the others and be stopped from working.
The cold air is heated firstly by passing through the longitudinal flue H, which
is built side by side to the down passages F
and parallel with the main
flue G; it then rises under the partition wall of each coke oven into the flues I, 11, 12,
:

page_text: the latter flue I being built vertical in the partition wall of the oven, and passes
through an opening K, the area of which can be regulated by a slide, into the
longitudinal flue L, see Figs. 2 & 3 over the oven arch. As seen in Fig. 3, there
are 4 narrow openings, built in the brickwall and through these the hot air
descends into the 4 gas burners M, situated in the gas flue N, into which the oven
gas flows from the longitudinal flue 0 and from the passages P, P1, P2, P3, leading
from the oven chamber. The working of the oven is as follows:
The gas
generated in the coke chamber passes through the 4 large openings P, P1, P2 &
P³ in or near the centre line of the oven arch, which openings are about equal
distances from each other and in the middle between the filling in openings of
coal and under the outlet valves for taking off the bye-products for the condens-
ing works. It then passes into the longitudinal flue O and from thence through 4
openings, which are regulated by brick slides, (or closed, when the gas is led into
the bye-product works), into the longitudinal partition flue N. It is here met by
the hot air, from the burners M, supplied from the hot air flue L. Then the
combustion takes here place and the burning gases descend through the vertical
flues E, E, E. . into the horizontal combination flue E from thence through
openings E into the bottom flue E³ and further into the outside connecting flue D;
it here spreads into the six longitudinal flues C, C¹, C²
under the two coke
ovens, or into more flues, if more ovens are in combination. The heat under the
two ovens is regulated by six brick slides F, F¹, F³ . . so that the opening and
flue nearest the outflow shall not draw more of the heat, than the others.
purified gases, which return from the bye-product plant, and which are required
for heating the flues under the ovens and within the partition walls, are led into
the partition flue N, by iron pipes Z, Z, and are made to enter from each end of
the flue, or at the front and back of the ovens.
The
A further part of this Invention refers to the construction of a double ram steam
pushing engine Q and to the arrangement of a winding mechanism R, for the
simultaneous and expeditious opening, or the uplifting of both the coke oven doors
by the engine man. The pushing out rams S and S are similar in construction
to those of the one ram engine, as usually made. They are placed at convenient
distances from each other, the steam or electric engine being placed in the middle
and above them. The gearing is of the usual construction and the two ram
pinions are on the same shaft. At the front end of the engine framework and in
the centre line of the oven there is a chain winding drum T, which is worked by
a separate gearing, by a pair of bevel wheels U from the 2nd countershaft and by
worm and wheel V, the latter on the drum spindle. This mechanism can be set
in motion independently of the other gearings of the machinery. The front and
back oven doors W & W are each suspended and lifted by a chain and pulley, al
Figs. 1, 2, 3 & 5, the chain of the door at the back of the oven, as well as of that
nearest the engine, pass each over a pulley at the front, but the
chains of the two doors are in front connected by a ring Y, and
from the latter a single chain is suspended with the hook at the end.
By means of this hook the single chain is linked to the ring of the double chain,
so that by winding, the engineman lifts the front and back door simultaneously.
In front of each door there is a transverse wedgebar (a) Fig. 6, which is let down
with the door and drops into its place (b) after the doors are down and the chain
slackens, and when loosened, is lifted by the engine, before the doors are lifting.
The wedges c, c¹, are tightened down in their places by a hammer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
1. The taking the gas out of the oven chamber by openings P, P1, P2, P³, as
described in plans and specification.
2. The longitudinal gas flue O with the flue openings downwards, the free area
of which to be regulated by brickslides, or entirely closed, when the gases are to

page_text: be led to the bye product plant, as shewn in plans and sections, in combination
with the gas burners M, M, opposite the entries of the gas, which supplies heated
air through a number of small blow holes in the bricks, some of which ending
immediately under the gas slide; further the longitudinal flue or combustion
chamber N.
3. The longitudinal air flue H, constructed close to the down-passages, leading
to and parallel with the main flue G, the heating flues I, I, I, the latter I² being
a vertical flue within the partition wall, conducting the heated air into the longi-
tudinal air flue L, the slide K regulating the opening for the entry of hot air and
the supply, or altogether stopping its admission to the combustion chamber,
substantially as described.
4. The longitudinal flues under the oven filled in, the whole length of the oven,
with fire bricks, placed as described.
5. The openings F, F', F.
with slides for regulating and equalising the
distribution of heat all under the ovens.
6. The double ram coke pushing engine, as described.
7. The mechanism attached to the coke pushing engine, with independent
gearing, by which the engineman lifts the front and back oven doors expeditiously
and simultaneously, substantially as described in plans and specification.
8. The letting down of a wedgebar, by which the door is driven tight to the
face of the oven. It is lifted by the chain and engine.
16th August 1807
WILLIAM EDWARD KOCHS,
11, The Parade, Cardiff, Glamorganshire.