Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd May, 1887
Complete Left, 13th Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 13th Jan., 1888
543
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication
to me from abroad by Samuel Rothchild of Pendleton, in the County of Unatilla,
State of Oregon, United States of America, Merchant) to be as follows:
:-
This Invention is an improvement in that class of harrows and pulverizers which
have both fixed and revolving teeth, that is to say, which have vertical fixed teeth and
revolving wheels arranged between them and provided with teeth adapted to pierce
clods and pieces of sod.
The Invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the toothed wheels
relative to the stationary teeth and diagonal frame in which the latter are set, and in
the construction of flexible protective tyres for the toothed wheels to be employed
when the harrow is drawn to or from a field to prevent the teeth from scratching or
entering the ground, all as hereinafter described."
The harrow frame proper is triangular in form. The oblique sides are made in
pieces or sections whose ends are bent at an obtuse angle in opposite directions to
adapt them for bolting to the opposite sides of the frames in which the toothed wheels
are journaled and revolve. The wheel frames are set parallel to the line of draught
and placed at suitable distances apart. Thus, the oblique toothed bars and wheel
frames constitute a compound rigid frame whose parts are arranged at an angle to
each other. The oblique bars are provided with vertical teeth in the usual way. The
teeth of the wheels are made longer than the fixed teeth and the bearings of said
wheels are placed on the upper side of the frames. As the harrow advances, the
greater length of the wheel teeth enables them to pierce clods or pieces of sod before
the latter come in contact with the two vertical teeth which are located on either side
of such wheel. The radius of the wheels being greater than the length of the fixed
teeth, the wheels revolve slowly, so that the clods and sods thus pierced are held
practically nearly stationary while the contiguous fixed teeth advance. Thus the
latter come in contact with the clods and sods on each side and rub, tear, and
pulverize or disintegrate the same, as the revolving teeth pass slowly backward
between them.

page_text: To facilitate transport, and prevent the teeth of the harrow from operating on the
surface of the ground when being drawn to and from the field that is to be cultivated,
I employ a protector for the teeth of the wheels, the same consisting of a flexible
detachable tyre having a series of funnel shaped pockets or hoods attached to its
inner side, one for each tooth of a wheel. The hoods are jointed to short connecting
links to which the sections of the tyre are jointed. The lapped ends of the tyre are
provided with a fastening for locking them together detachably. When this protector
is applied to the wheels, they will, obviously, serve as ordinary supporting and
transporting wheels. The wheels are provided with a stop ring for limiting the depth
to which their teeth can enter the ground. The ring is formed in sections, one for
each tooth. These sections are perforated midway between their ends for the passage
of the teeth and their ends are united by bolts acting as keys, received in coincident
nalf round notches in the meeting ends of the adjacent sections.
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agents.

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention (a communication to me from
abroad by Samuel Rothchild of Pendleton, in the County of Unatilla State of Oregon
United States of America Merchant) and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This Invention is an improvement in that class of harrows and pulverizers which
have both fixed and revolving teeth, that is to say, which have vertical fixed teeth and
revolving wheels arranged between them and provided with teeth adapted to pierce
clods and pieces of sod.
The Invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the toothed wheels
relative to the stationary teeth and diagonal frame in which the latter are set ; and in
the construction of flexible protective tyres for the toothed wheels, to be employed
when the harrow is drawn to, or from, a field, to prevent the teeth from scratching
or entering the ground, all as hereinafter more fully described.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specifica-
tion, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the harrow complete. Figure 2 is a vertical
section on line a figure 1. Figure 3 is a side view of one of the toothed wheels
shewn with the protector or detachable tyre. Figure 4 is a perspective view of a
portion of the said tyre. Figures 5 and are detail views illustrating the stop ring
for limiting the depth to which the revolving teeth will enter the ground.
The harrow frame proper is triangular in form. The sides are made in pieces or
sections A whose ends are bent at an obtuse angle in opposite directions to adapt
them for attachment by means of screw-bolts a to the opposite sides of the frames B
in which the toothed wheels (are journaled and revolve. The wheel frames B are
set parallel to the axis of the triangular frame A and placed at suitable distances
apart. Thus the diagonal toothed bars A and wheel frames B constitute a compound
rigid frame whose parts are arranged at an angle to each other. The bars A are
provided with vertical teeth 6 in the usual way. The teeth of wheels C are made
longer than the fixed teeth b, and the bearings c of said wheels are placed on the
upper side of the frames B for reasons that will be apparent from the following
statement of the practical operation of the harrow. As the latter advances, the
greater length of the wheel teeth enables them to pierce clods or pieces of sod before
the latter come in contact with the two vertical teeth b which are located on either
side of such wheel. The radius of the wheels being greater than the length of the
fixed teeth b, the wheels revolve slowly so that the clods and sods thus pierced are
held practically nearly stationary while the contiguous fixed teeth b advance. Thus
the latter come in contact with the clods and sods on each side, and rub, tear, and
pulverize or disintegrate the same as the revolving teeth pass slowly backward

page_text: between them. This operation will be more readily understood by inspection of
figure 2.
Besides the reasons above indicated for placing the bearings of wheels C above
the frame B, it is apparent that the draught of the harrow is thereby made lighter
than it would be if the wheels were smaller.
To facilitate transport and prevent the teeth of the harrow from operating on the
surface of the ground when being drawn to and from the field that is to be cultivated,
I employ a protector for the teeth of the wheels C, the same consisting of a flexible
detachable tyre D, figure 3, having a series of funnel shaped pockets or hoods d
attached to its inner side, one for each tooth of a wheel. The body of said protector
or detachable tyre D, is formed of any suitable material, such as thick sheet metal.
The hoods d are jointed to short connecting links e to which the sections of the tyre
are jointed. The lapped ends of the tyre, figure 3, are provided with a device f for
locking them together detachably. When this protector is applied to the wheels C
they will obviously serve as ordinary supporting and transporting wheels.
In figures 5 and 6, I have illustrated the limiting ring E which is a ring formed in
sections e one being provided for each tooth C. These sections are perforated at 1
midway between their ends for the passage of the teeth C and their ends are united
by bolts 2 having nuts 3, as shewn. In so securing the sections e together it is
preferred to form the meeting ends of the adjacent sections e with coincident notches 4
which together receive the bolt 2 whose head is countersunk and the nut 3 received
in a recess, as shewn in Figure 6.
I am aware that a toothed roller has been arranged in the space enclosed by a
triangular toothed harrow frame, and I do not therefore claim broadly, the combination
of a series of revolving toothed wheels arranged with their axes at an angle to the
sides of a triangular harrow frame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. The combination with the diagonal toothed side bars A, of the revolving wheels C
having teeth whose length exceeds that of the teeth of said bars, the wheels being
arranged in planes parallel to the line of draught and mounted between the separable
parts or sections of said bars, as shewn and described.
2. The improved harrow and pulverizer, consisting of the diagonal sectional
frame A having vertical stationary teeth, the series of frames B, and revolving
wheels C arranged parallel to the line of draught and having teeth whose length
exceeds that of said vertical teeth, as shewn and described.
3. The improved protector for the toothed wheels, the same consisting of a flexible
band and a series of hoods attached to its inner side, as shewn and described.
T
1
Danamba 1887
A. MELVILLE CLARK.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.