matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED HAT
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Quick at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th July
1857.
I, JOHN HENRY QUICK, of Pimlico, in the City of Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex, Hat Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED HAT," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved method of forming bat bodies, and
consists in the combination of an elastic band and brim with a crown of any
of the ordinary materials of which covered hat bodies are made; by which
combination a hat of superior quality is obtained, which by reason of its
elasticity is capable of yeilding without undue pressure, and adapting itself to
the varied forms of the human head, and thus contributing to the case and
comfort of the wearer. This I effect by forming the band and brim of plaited
straw, grass, split cane, whalebone, horsehair, or other similar and suitable
substance, and uniting it by any of the ordinary compositions or varnishes in use
for such purposes to the crown. To preserve the shape of the brim the edge is
stiffened by overlaying or binding it with prepared calico, or other suitable
material, by which lightness and strength are combined. The body thus
formed and prepared may be finally encased with any of the ordinary fabrics
which are used for the purpose of covering hat bodies, producing when
finished a waterproof hat, possessing the desirable qualities of flexibility,
lightness, and ventilation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRO- PELLING VESSELS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Stubbin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th February
1857.
I, FREDERICK STUBBIN, of Bawtry, in the County of York, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRO-
PELLING VESSELS," to be as follows:-
My said improvements consist in peculiarly constructed endless bands or
chains passed over two or more suitable drums or wheels placed on each side
of the vessel, and worked by steam or other power. The chains or bands have
floats or paddles attached to them, and the chains are so constructed and
arranged that by means of cogs thereon corresponding with similar cogs on the
drums or wheels they are forcibly carried forward, and their slipping effectually
prevented. When the chains or bands are of a length to require it, one or
more extra drums may be placed intermediately to relieve the strain on the
working drums.
AN IMPROVED MOULD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS
Year: 1857

page_text: received
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexandre Delon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th March
1857.
I, ALEXANDRE DELON, of 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of
France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of my sd Invention for "AN IMPROVED MOULD FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
The Invention consists of an improved mould for the manufacture of
buttons, which mould is constructed as follows:-The matrix is formed of two
circular pieces of steel or other metal. The inner piece is adjustable by means
of a set screw and groove. The die is composed of four circular pieces of steel
fitting one in the other, two being furnished with shoulders. These pieces are
adjustable by means of set screws and grooves.
The faces of the die and matrix are so formed that when the bottom plate
of the button is inserted and pressure applied the closing of the button is
effected. The shank part of the button is formed by a central stud in the
die.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPIER MACHÉ, AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1857

page_text: receive
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Constantine Jennings at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th June 1857.
I, HENRY CONSTANTINE JENNINGS, of No. 8, Great Tower Street, in the
City of London, Practical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPIER MACHÉ,
AND OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
I heat the grains or other solid deposits of the spent wash of breweries and
distilleries by a steam coil; having withdrawn as much of the free water or
liquid parts as will escape by simple draining, to this I add common soda
rendered caustic by lime, and thereto I add an equal bulk of water to the
residual matter to be operated upon; this I heat up to about 200 Farenheit,
and continue the same for about one hour. I then draw off the supernatent
red-colored liquid and pour on fresh clear water to wash out and remove all the
dirt, colored liquid, or other impurities; when the residual matter is drained,
I add sulphuric acid, stirring and mixing as equally and perfectly as possible,
and when these have remained in contact for about ten minutes I pour on the
whole mass a saturated solution of chloride of lime in such proportions as will
destroy all the colour and render the pulp white and fit for manufacturing into
paper. The residual matter above named will have to undergo trituration for
fine kinds of paper, and is to be well washed to remove any sulphate of lime
or other calcareous deposit.
REGULATING THE ASCENT AND DESCENT OF THE RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES ON INCLINED PLANS, WHICH IS TO BE CALLED THE DE CRISTOFORIS ASCENDING AND DESCENDING LOCOMOTIVE APPARATUS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Luigi de Cristoforis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd October
1857.
I, LUIGI DE CRISTOFORIS, of the City of Milan, in Italy, now at No. 67,
Lower Thames Street, City, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "REGULATING THE ASCENT AND DESCENT OF THE RAILWAY
LOCOMOTIVES ON INCLINED PLANS, WHICH IS TO BE CALLED THE DE CRISTOFORIS
ASCENDING AND DESCENDING LOCOMOTIVE APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
The locomotive shall have six wheels, and the two central connected ones
shall be (as usual) the impellent; it shall be constructed on the principle of
variable expansion. On the external circumference of both the propelling
wheels, we shall adapt a given number of small wheels (six for instance), that
should divide with exactitude from centre to centre the developped peripherie
line of the said propelling wheels. The circumference connecting the centres
of the small wheels will consequently have a larger ray than the circumference
of the propelling wheels. Laterally, on the sides of the rails we shall range a
series of cogs, raised from the ground and secured upon a guide parallel and
firmly connected with the rails, and they shall be ranged so as to divide, they
also with exactitude, the developped peripherie line of the propelling wheels in

page_text: parts corresponding with the small wheels. To induce the small wheels to
enter without danger between the first cogs where the ascent begins, the
height of the cogs shall be gradually encreased up to the normal height.
To check the descent we shall put at the ends of the propelling cylinders
a pipe with an intercepting stopple, and this pipe shall be in communication
with a system of suction and force valves.
The force valves (when the communication between the cylinders and the
boiler is intercepted) will deliver the atmospheric air pressed in into a pipe
common to all, which will terminate near to the engineer, who, by varying
the weight of a regulating valve will be able to change the pressure of the
air contained in the common pipe, and consequently the velocity of the pistons
into the cylinders, and the velocity of the train, with the help of the above-
mentioned subsidiary small wheels and cogs.
This system of small peripherical wheels and atmospheric check can be
applied equally to the usual locomotives and railways constructed to run on a
levelled plan.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMBINATION OF DIES FOR STAMPING BELT FASTENINGS, AND WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE STAMPING OF OTHER SUCH LIKE ARTICLES OR ORNAMENTS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Bent Wilkins and Thomas
Milward at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 5th September 1857.
We, THOMAS BENT WILKINS, Accountant Clerk, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, and THOMAS MILWARD, Metal Stamper, of Harborne, in
the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMBINATION OF DIES FOR STAMPING BELT
FASTENINGS, AND WHICH SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE STAMPING
OF OTHER SUCH LIKE ARTICLES OR ORNAMENTS," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
Suppose a belt fastening to be required in more than one size with the same
design or centre pattern on all the sizes, we proceed in the following way :-
We take a round piece of iron having steel welded on its face in the usual
way, and after facing we turn out the centre to the size of the centre part of
the belt fastening or other such like work we may wish to produce, and into
this sunken part we fit a hub or centre die, and around the large die we sink
the loop part of the fastening in, say two or more sizes, each so arranged that
they shall be concentric with the centre pattern, and according to the size of
fastening we may wish to stamp so we arrange the hub or centre die accord-
ingly, in such a way that the pattern shall be the same in all the sizes and
range in the same direction. Or any other pattern or centre ornament
may be substituted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING OR CONSUMING SMOKE IN CHIMNIES AND FURNACES
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Donald Bethune at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th April
1857.
I, DONALD BETHUNE, of Cambridge Terrace, Hyde Park, London, Esquire,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING OR CONSUMING SMOKE IN CHIMNIES AND FURNACES,"
to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in improvements in apparatus for the admission
of air into the flues of furnaces, boilers, and chimnies, by which improvements
the smoke that ordinarily arises from fires in boilers, furnaces, and chim-
nies is prevented or consumed; and I admit the air through hollow grate
bars, the air passing from the front of the grate bar to the back of it, and
thence through a proper opening in the bridge of the boiler or furnace, made
for that purpose, into the flue of the boiler or furnace, where it comes into con-
tact with the gases arising from the fuel on the grate, and causes such gases to
ignite, and they are thus consumed. By passing the air through the hollow
grate bars it becomes heated, and while it increases the draught of the
chimney it does not materially lessen the heat of the furnace, and thereby
effects a considerable saving in fuel. A slide or valve is used to regulate the
quantity of air to be admitted into the bars.

page_text: I also admit air into furnaces, for the manufacture of iron, in order to
consume the smoke arising therefrom, and without injury to the iron, such air
being introduced considerably above the ore in the furnace. The air may be
introduced into such furnaces by perforated plates of iron being inserted in the
chimney, or through perforated bricks. I do not confine myself to the details
herein mentioned.
AN IMPROVED WEAPON TO BE USED EITHER AS A SWORD OR AS A PISTOL, OR BOTH
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Deane at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th October
1857.
I, EDWARD DEANE, of Arthur Street, London Bridge, in the City of London,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED WEAPON TO BE USED EITHER AS A SWORD OR AS A PISTOL, OR BOTH,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved weapon formed by combining a
sword with a revolving or other pistol. The stock of the pistol is in the shape
of an ordinary sword handle, and the guard forms at once the trigger guard
and guard to the back of the hand, as in an ordinary sword. The rear end
of the blade fits into a channel cut for its reception in the front of the
revolving chamber bearing, and a ring upon the back of the sword blade is
passed over the end of the pistol barrel near the muzzle.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING FOOT STOVES, BEDS, AND APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Vannoy at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th January
1857.
I, HENRY VANNOY, of 25, Rue du Faubourg du Temple, Paris, in the
Empire of France, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING FOOT STOVES, BEDS, AND
APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in certain improved arrangements permitting to
apply the heat evolved by the moisting of quicklime for heating foot stoves or
foot-warmers, chafing or warming pans, chafing dishes, the heating of beds,
and other similar purposes. The apparatus consists of a metal vessel for
holding the quicklime, and another for the water, which latter, when the pan,
stove, or warmer is to be heated, is caused to communicate with the quick-
lime by a tube and cock or other suitable means, after which the heated pan,
stove, or warmer may be applied at once to any desired heating purpose, such
as the heating of beds, the drying of bed sheets, blankets, or wearing apparel,
the warming of dishes, or any other similar object. The apparatus is pro-
vided with suitable arrangements for introducing the quicklime and the
water, and for withdrawing afterwards the slaked lime, and the same may be
ornamented in any convenient manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BODIES AND JACKETS OF LADIES' DRESSES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Boydell Robinson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th September
1857.
I, BOYDELL ROBINSON, of 25, Gilbert Street, Grovenor Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Laceman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BODIES AND JACKETS OF LADIES' DRESSES,"
to be as follows:-
My improvements in the bodies and jackets of ladies' dresses consist in
forming them with elastic cords or bands inserted or applied so that the
whole body or jacket will expand or contract to suit the figure, and so that the
same body or jacket will fit dissimilar figures. For this purpose I form the
body or jacket of a loose plaited character of lace, silk, or other suitable
material, and either in casings or merely run through it. I apply a series of
elastic cords or bands entirely around the body or jacket, or in short lengths
at such parts as may be required, and suitably secured thereto. The plaiting
of the material affords room for considerable expansion, while the elastic tends
to contract its circumference, which causes it to contract on and fit any figure
on which it may be placed, thus causing the same dress, body, or jacket to fit
two figures of considerable difference in size. The sleeves are also similarly
furnished with elastic cords or bands carried round their circumference.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE MADE FROM GELATINE
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smith at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th August
1857.
I, WILLIAM SMITH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Oil and
Tallow Refiner, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE MADE FROM GELATINE," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the addition of nitrate of baryta to ordinary
gelatine size, in about the following proportions:-The gelatine size having
been prepared and refined by any of the usual processes, whilst in a liquid
state, I add thereto a solution of nitrate of baryta in distilled water of about
1.08 spec. grav., one gallon of such solution being about the proportion
required for one hundredweight of the liquid gelatine size; the mixture is then
to be boiled slowly for about four hours and left to settle, when it may be
removed to suitable cooling receptacles for subsequent use as size.
A METHOD OP DECOMPOSING SOAPY WASH WATERS USED IN THE WASHING AND SCOURING OF WOOLS AND CLOTHS, OF SEPARATING THERE FROM FATTY MATTERS HELD THEREIN, AND OF TREATING SUCH FATTY MATTERS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed.
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th September 1857.-A communication from François Picard.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A METHOD OP DECOMPOSING SOAPY WASH WATERS USED IN THE WASHING AND
SCOURING OF WOOLS AND CLOTHS, OF SEPARATING THERE FROM FATTY MATTERS HELD
THEREIN, AND OF TREATING SUCH FATTY MATTERS," (communicated to me by
François Picard, a foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
Various attempts have been heretofore made to turn to profitable account
the wash waters in which wools and cloths have been washed and scoured, in
order to free them from oil and grease; but the substances with which these
waters have been treated have been generally too costly to render the
operation remunerative. Now, this Invention consists in acting upon these
wash waters with the residual liquid resulting from the manufacture of eau
de javel and chloride of lime. This residual liquid is acid hydrochlorate
of ferruginous manganese, (hydrochlorate acide de manganese ferrugineux,)
for which there is scarcely any demand. After adding the liquid to the soapy
wash waters, in proportions varying with the richness of the waters, the
mixture is stirred for about a quarter of an hour, and allowed to settle.
The supernatant liquor is then drawn off, and the precipitated fatty matter is

page_text: collected from the bottom of the vat and allowed to drain. If the mixture
is hot, which it may be, then the fatty matter will rise to the surface, and must
be skimmed off.
The fatty matter thus obtained will be found suitable for the manufacture
of carbonated bydrogen gas; or, it is distilled in retorts, and the resulting
product from the distillation is a dark brown oil, very rich in saponifiable
matters applicable to the manufacture of soap. The residuum remaining
in the retorts is a light carbon containing phosphate of lime, which may be
used as a disinfectant, and in the preparation of a powerful, energetic, and
useful manure.
NEW RAILWAY CHAIRS
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Anderton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th November
1857.
I, WILLIAM ANDERTON, of Ince-within-Mackerfield, in the County of
Lancaster, Colliery Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "NEW RAILWAY CHAIRS," to be as follows:-
These chairs are of iron metal, cast in halves longitudinally, each half being
so formed that a space is left to admit the lower or under side of a double-
headed rail for railways. There is also a sufficient thickness of metal in the
chair under the rail to admit of the two halves of the chair being bolted
together underneath the rail after the rail has been placed in the chair. This
is effected by a wrought-iron bolt or wrought-iron bolts through the chair, thus
obviating the bolting through the rails.
The whole of the lower head, and neck of the rails are covered by the chair,
which keeps the rail perfectly steady and tight. This chair only requires for
its support one sleeper, to which it is fastened by spikes of the ordinary
construction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS, SHOES, AND CLOGS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Dennis Grundy at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th April
1857.
I, DENNIS GRUNDY, of Tyldesley, in the County of Lancaster, Boot, Shoe,
Clog, and Patten Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS, SHOES, AND CLOGS," to be as
follows:-
I make the soles of boots or shoes in two parts; the heel and .shank I
make of wood, gutta percha, or other substance or composition, and the sole
of leather, gutta percha, or a composition of the same or any similar material;
and I unite the two parts at the shank with nails, rivets, or any suitable
means, and, if desired, I place or fix a spring longitudinally, to yield or give
way to the spring of the foot. I also attach to the wooden heel, whether of
boots, shoes, or clogs, and also to the soles of the latter, where desirable, a
piece of india-rubber or other elastic material, and cover the same with
leather, gutta percha, or other similar material, to prevent the unpleasant
noise or sound attendant upon wood alone. The advantages of this Invention
consist of economy in the first cost, warmth to the feet; and a more com-
fortable and natural fit than can be accomplished on the present plans.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GUM FROM AMYLACEOUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Davis Pochin and James
Woolley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 1st June 1857.
We, HENRY DAVIS POCHIN and JAMES WOOLLEY, both of the City of
Manchester, Manufacturing Chemists, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GUM FROM AMYLACEOUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in taking farina, sago starch, wheat starch, and
other amylaceous substances, and treating them with about one-fifth of their
weight of sour milk, buttermilk, or with lactates, lactic acid and its compounds,
in about the same relative proportions, and afterwards heating the mixture
in the ordinary way, so as to convert the same into gum or dextrine, which
possesses a greater power of thickening than that now in use, as well as other
valuable properties useful in dyeing and calico printing.
IMPROVEMENTS MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES TO BE SPUN
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Luke Cooke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st July
1857.
I, LUKE COOKE, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING COTTON, WOOL, OR OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES TO BE SPUN," to be as follows:-
My Improvements relate to what are technically called "blowing machines,"
which are used for the purposes of opening and cleaning fibrous materials,
which is a preparatory process for spinning.
Under the ordinary beater and feed rollers, which work in opposite direc-
tions, I place one or more small beaters which revolve in the same direction;
but the blades at the working parts pass each other in opposite directions.
The cotton or other fibrous material is struck off from the feed roller in the
usual manner, and is met by the smaller or additional beaters, and being
carried nearly round, is delivered by a roller or rollers and flexible creeper
upon the original beater again, and delivered in the usual way.
PRESERVING ORGANISED ANIMAL AND VEGETAL MATTERS, ESPECIALLY ALIMENTARY SUBSTANCES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Achille Constantin Dandrant at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th February 1857.
I, ACHILLE CONSTANTIN DANDRANT, of 19, Rue Neuve des Petits Champs,
Paris, in the Empire of France, but now residing at the Hotel de l'Univers,
20, Earl Street, Blackfriars Road, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "PRESERVING ORGANISED ANIMAL AND
VEGETAL MATTERS, ESPECIALLY ALIMENTARY SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
In order to preserve the chosen substance, I take some rosin; this rosin
having been dissolved, and being in a liquid state, I plunge the substance that
I want to preserve in this bath of liquid rosin.. Then I withdraw the said
substance covered with a bed or first enrobing, which isolates the extern agents.
This first enrobing being cold, I plunge again, if necessary, the substance in the
rosin bath, to strengthen the first enrobing. I continue so till the moment I
estimate or believe the crust sufficiently thick. If I feel afraid or doubt that
the crust be broken or too easily melted, I can enrobe the substance with some
past, tar, pitch, or bitumen, in following the same method as that of the en-
robing. If I wish to prevent the adhesion of the substance to the rosin or
enrobing, in order to detach it more easily, then I may separate it in
placing upon it an envelop of thin or vegetal paper, or any thin tissue
whatever, previous to plunge the substance in the bath. I may equally
replace the paper by using oil, butter, gelatine, or any other matters that

page_text: prevent the immediate contact of the substance to be preserved and. its
envelop.
Here is limited this simple and efficacious operation. No one is ignorant
of the property of gums and rosins, which are the most perfect isolating
bodies; they cause the substances that are wished to be preserved to be
completely exempt from the action of the air and electricity, and above all
that of the electricity which is the most active agent of decomposition.
I request the exclusive privilege of using the complete class of the
matters very known under the name of gums and rosins, because all these
matters possess the same property to isolate all the substances from the action
of electricity.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1857

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hesketh at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th March
1857.
I, WILLIAM HESKETH, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS" to be as follows:-
My Invention relates particularly to the method of weaving certain patterns
or designs in the cloth, as crinoline and similar fabrics, the pattern or design
varying according to the number of picks. Instead of the usual plan of
accomplishing this object, I fix a bevil wheel on the tappet shaft, to work into
another bevil wheel on a cross shaft. At the other end of this cross shaft I
fix a pinion, which gives motion to a wheel with holes in the surface all round
near the periphery. By means of these holes I fix a segment to the said
wheel, varying in size according to the pattern required or number of picks
to form it, the said segment acting upon a roller and lever to govern the
shed and shuttle.
AN IMPROVED VARNISH
Year: 1857

page_text: www
war to
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine François Mennons
at the Office of the. Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on
the 27th October 1857.-A communication.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, and 4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVED VARNISH,"
to be as follows:-
The improved varnish, which may be used for all purposes in which varnish
is employed, may be modified so as to form different kinds of varnish, according
to the required application, and consists as follows:-
Take of Benzine
DARK RED VARNISH.
about two and a quarter ounces (apoth.)
Gum copal
"
five drams
Bitumen of Judea
four drams
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sleddon and Joseph Mars-
land at the Office the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 14th September 1857.
We, JOHN SLEDDON, Machinist, and JOSEPH MARSLAND, Engineer, both of
Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING INCRUSTATION IN STEAM
BOILERS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the use or application of washing rock soda, or
carbonate of soda, or soda ash, or bicarbonate of soda, or of a compound
or composition of any or all of them, to be put into the water in the boiler
either as a powder or reduced to a liquid state by water. The quantity to be
used will vary according to the size of the boiler and the quality of the feed
water.
A MODE OF ATTACHING HANDLES TO TABLE CUTLERY
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles William Ramié at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th May 1
1857.
I, CHARLES WILLIAM RAMIE, of Camberwell, in the County of Surrey, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A MODE OF ATTACHING
HANDLES TO TABLE CUTLERY," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to secure the handles of knives, forks, and
other similar articles in a simple and effective manner, so as to prevent the
handle becoming loose or twisting upon the tang. For this purpose I make.
use of an elastic split or divided tang, formed upon or attached to the knife
blade or other article. The points of this tang when at liberty separate to
some distance from each other, but admit of being pressed together so as to
enter the contracted entrance of a cavity formed in the handle (which may be
filled with suitable cement), the form of which cavity allows them after having
passed the entrance to expand, thus securing the handle and preventing its
twisting upon the tang.
AN IMPROVED COMPOUND, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF APPLYING THE SAME FOR THE PURPOSE OF STIFFENING FIBROUS OR TEXTILE MATERIALS, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO THE FIXING OF COLOURING MATTERS OR PIGMENTS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Higgin and John Lightfoot
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition on the .
22nd April 1857.
We, JAMES HIGGIN and JOHN LIGHTFOOT, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemists, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COMPOUND, AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF APPLYING THE SAME FOR THE PURPOSE OF STIFFENING FIBROUS OR TEXTILE
MATERIALS, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO THE FIXING OF COLOURING MATTERS
OR PIGMENTS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in producing tough elastic insoluble compounds
of glue, glutinous, mucilaginous, albuminous, or gummy substances with
metallic oxides or salts, such compounds being either applied direct to fibrous
materials, or by applying first the solution of animal or vegetable substance to
the fibrous material, and afterwards the solution of metallic oxide, or vice
versa. We precipitate or produce the compound on or in the fibre, whereby a
more complete union takes place between them. The animal or vegetable
substance may be gluc, gluten, albumen, gum tragacanth, Carragheen moss,
Iceland moss, linseed, mucilage, or mixtures of these substances, or any of
them, or any other gummy or glutinous substance which will form an insoluble
compound with metallic oxides; and in some cases, to render the combination
with the oxide more certain, or to introduce a larger proportion of oxide, we.

page_text: add to the vegetable substance an alkali or basic salt, and any metallic solution,
which will form insoluble combinations with the above class of substances, will
answer for producing the precipitate or compound wanted; amongst these may
be named, as proper for the purpose, alum, sulphate of alumina, muriate of
alumina, and muriate of lime. When fibrous materials, such as yarns, ropes,
cloth, &c. are prepared with the insoluble elastic compound or compounds
above named, either by applying them direct to the fibre or by forming the
precipitate in the interior of the fibre, they are found to possess greater
strength than before, and to have other useful properties, amongst which may
be named their power of fixing colouring matters when the so prepared fibrous
materials are dyed with various dye stuffs. We also make use of the pre-
cipitate or compound above named as a medium for fixing insoluble pigments
on cloth; and when we use this part of our Invention we mix the pigments
with the animal or vegetable substances, then apply to cloth, and afterwards
pass the cloth through a solution of metallic salt, which will coagulate the
animal or vegetable substance without injuring the pigment.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY TURNTABLES
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Russel at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th March
1857.
I, ROBERT RUSSEL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY
TURNTABLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in railway turntables. For
these purposes each turntable is constructed of four iron beams in the fol-
lowing manner:-Two beams, which may be called the lower beams, are
each made with two recesses or cranks in them, in which are placed the two
upper beams, so that the upper surfaces of the four beams are all in the same
horizontal plane, the upper beams being at right angles to the lower beams.
The rails are fixed on the upper surfaces of the four beams on suitable bearers
or connecting pieces, and the upper surfaces of the table below the rails is
plated or planked over in any convenient manner. It is preferred that each
turntable should be supported by four wheels, one wheel intermediate of each
pair of beams, and at each end of such pair of beams, there being a suitable
circular rail for the wheels to run on under the table. The table may be
connected with and turn on a central post in any convenient manner, but it
is preferred to suspend a casting by suspension rods from a cap on the top of
the post, and that such casting should receive and bear the four cranked parts

page_text: of the under beams; or in place of the casting, four wrought-iron bearing
plates may be used under such four bent parts of the beams, the bearing
plates being suspended by four suspending rods from the cap on the post, the
bearing plates being also connected near to the outer ends of the four beams
by means of eight tie rods.
AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR PUNCHING, STAMPING, AND EMBOSSING, OR OTHERWISE FOR CUTTING OUT PAPER, LEATHER, OR OTHER MATERIALS, AND FOR FIXING AND CLOSING EYELETS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Houchin, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th September
1857.
I, RICHARD HOUCHIN, of No. 7, Bridport Place, Hoxton, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED PRESS FOR PUNCHING, STAMPING, AND EMBOSSING, OR OTHERWISE FOR
CUTTING OUT PAPER, LEATHER, OR OTHER MATERIALS, AND FOR FIXING AND CLOSING
EYELETS," to be as follows:-
This machine consists of a tripod or other stand, to which are attached
suitable levers or eccentrics for giving motion to a plunger, which works in
suitable guides or bearings cast with or attached to the stand, and which are
afterwards accurately bored to fit the plunger. To this plunger are fitted the
necessary dies, cutters, or punches required for use. Immediately underneath
the plunger is the seat or bed of the machine, upon which the materials to be
embossed or punched are placed, it being made perfectly true with the
plunger. The dies or cutters can be more easily fitted, and the machine more
readily charged with materials to be operated upon, than in the various
machines at present in use. The machine is set in motion by means of a
treadle connected with the levers, and worked by the foot. This very simple
and inexpensive machine can be used for various purposes, such as embossing
soap, leather, or any other materials or substances, for punching and closing
eyelet holes, and for stamping and cutting out paper, &c.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PROPELLING SHIPS OR OTHER NAVIGABLE VESSELS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Count de Bylandt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd September 1857.
I, ALFRED Count de BYLANDT, of Michael's Grove, Brompton, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PROPELLING SHIPS OR OTHER NAVIGABLE VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in adapting a series of plates of metal or blades at
the submerged part of ships or other navigable vessels, said plates being so
arranged and disposed as to leave space between each pair of said plates for
the passage of air, which it is intended to force between them by a steam
engine or other suitable motive power. The pipes or conduits for the passage
of said air from the interior of the ship or other navigable vessel may. be
disposed at or near the vessel's keel or other part, so long as it enters at the
bottom of the aforesaid plates or blades. It is proposed to fix these blades
longitudinally to the sides of the vessel at an acute angle inclining towards the
stern, and at a less acute angle as regards the transverse direction of said
plates or blades, which also incline towards the stern; the above arrangement
is for propelling the vessel ahead. In order to propel it astern it will be
necessary to employ a screw propeller, which may be of the ordinary kind.
A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRT COLLARS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles James Parry and William
Briddon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 2nd March 1857.
WC, CHARLES JAMES PARRY and WILLIAM BRIDDON, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention for "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHIRT
COLLARS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention is chiefly applicable to that description of collars known as
"all-round collars," and composed of one or more thicknesses of fabric or cloth.
The improvement consists in cutting out the cloth or fabric forming the collar
in one piece, and so folding or doubling such single piece that when its two
extremities are secured together in the centre, the inside and outside of the
collar will be formed, instead of being made of two pieces, as heretofore; the
upper edges are then sewn, and a band attached to the lower edges as usual.
The front projecting ends or corners of the collar, usually sewn, will not require
it, as the edge will be formed by the fold or double of the fabric; if three or
more fulds of fabric should be required, the extra pieces are placed between
the first-formed double fold. It will be evident that by thus forming the
collar, the thick edges and corners usually produced by the many double folds
of fabric or cloth will be avoided. The improvement being equally applicable
to collars attached to the shirt or to those detached therefrom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF STEEL PENS
Year: 1857

page_text: wenu was
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Fox at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th May
1857.
I, WILLIAM Fox, of 28, Rue Constantine, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF STEEL PENS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of steel
pens. Heretofore, in the manufacture of steel pens sheet steel in the soft
state has been used, and the hardening and tempering have been performed
after the blanks have been cut out, and after the side slits, piercing and
bending or raising, have been accomplished, by which means much waste has
resulted. Now my improvements consist in causing the sheet steel to be
hardened, tempered, and cleansed or scoured before commencing to cut out
the blanks, and to perform the processes of cutting out the blanks, forming
the side slits, and piercing the blanks; also the bending or raising of the
blanks after such processes of hardening and tempering.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING MOULDS FOR CASTING RAILWAY CHAIRS AND OTHER ARTICLES IN METAL, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Perceval Moses Parsons at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd May 1857.
I, PERCEVAL MOSES PARSONS, of Duke Street, Adelphi, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING MOULDS FOR CASTING RAILWAY CHAIRS AND OTHER
ARTICLES IN METAL, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in so constructing, arranging, and applying the
moulding boxes, patterns, and apparatus in connection with them, that the
mould formed by ramming the sand or other moulding material into the box
is separated or delivered from the pattern by turning the moulding box
containing it around a centre or axis connected with or fixed in a suitable
relative position in respect to the pattern, or by turning the pattern around
a centre or axis fixed to or in a suitable relative position in respect to the
moulding box; also that the moulding box may be inverted by turning it
round the aforesaid centre or axis as far as required.
In moulding railway chairs, moveable pieces or chills are employed when
necessary, and so arranged that they will be separated from the pattern by
the circular movement of it; or the box or the projecting parts of the pattern
are formed by sliding or moveable pieces, that are withdrawn previous to the
box or the pattern being turned around the aforesaid centre or axis.
IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Coupe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th August
1857.
I, JOSEPH COUPE, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
POWER LOOMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed to dispense with the long check strap extending
across the loom, ordinarily applied to such machines to check the action of
the picker.
In carrying out this Invention, it is proposed to employ a short strap con-
nected with a spiral or other suitable elastic spring at each end of the lathe or
slay. Through a hole in one end of the short strap the spindle of the shuttle
box passes, and the other end of the strap is connected with the spiral or other
elastic spring, which is attached to the slay near the inner end of the shuttle
box. In place of the short check strap ordinarily employed, it is proposed to
place a short socket and washer of leather upon the inner end of the shuttle
box spindle.
This Invention will be found to produce the desired effect with greater
simplicity, and at a very great diminution in the original cost and subsequent
wear and tear as compared with the check straps ordinarily applied to power
looms.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNA- MENTAL AND PORTABLE FOUNTAINS
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Augustin Julien Michel Ramar
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st August 1857.
I, AUGUSTIN JULIEN MICHEL RAMAR, of 49, Broad Street, Golden Square,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ORNA-
MENTAL AND PORTABLE FOUNTAINS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ornamental and portable
fountains. For these purposes it is preferred that the vessel to contain the
apparatus and the water should be formed into a pedestal below the basin of
the fountain, but this is not essential. A double-acting force pump is fixed
within the vessel, and it is preferred that the piston should be constructed
with two cups of gutta percha, or it may be of other suitable flexible material.
At one end of the pump barrel is fixed an air pipe, the upper end of which
enters into an inner vessel, and in such manner that the upper end or outlet
of the air pipe comes just below the top or cover of the inner vessel. The
inner vessel is above the level of the water in the outer vessel, and it has a
descending tube, the lower end of which comes to near the bottom of the
outer vessel, where there is a valve through which the water and air can pass
from the inner vessel into the outer vessel. At the other end of the pump is
another air pipe which rises to a position above the water level in the outer
vessel. In order to supply water, or it may be other fluid suitable for a

page_text: fountain, into the outer vessel, there is a pipe or tube descending from near
the bottom of the basin into the inner vessel, where there is a valve opening
out from the lower end of the pipe, hence, when the pump is put to work, it
will, according as there is or is not water in the basin, draw water or air
through such pipe into the inner vessel, which in the return stroke of the
piston will be forced through the end of the pipe or tube, which descends from
the inner vessel, from such vessel into the outer vessel. In order to raise the
water out of the outer vessel and above the bottom of the open basin, a pipe
(the lower end of which is near the bottom of the outer vessel) rises through
the bottom of the basin, and the upper end of such pipe is formed with a stop-
cock, and suitably for receiving and having fixed thereon jet pipes or other
devices according to the form of fountain intended to be produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MAKING OF WORSTED AND WOOLLEN YARN
Year: 1857

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Foster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st May
1857.
I, WILLIAM FOSTER, of Black Dike Mills, Bradford, in the County of
York, Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MAKING OF WORSTED AND WOOLLEN YARN,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of a peculiar chain twist in
yarns of mohair, alpaca, worsted, silk, and other fibrous materials.
The yarn is first spun in the ordinary manner; it is then spun a second time,
the twist going on in the same way; after which the threads are doubled in
the ordinary doubling frame. The yarn is afterwards freed from the loose
fibres, and is allowed to remain in a hot bath; after which it is partially
untwisted, scoured, stretched, and dried, and the result of the processes
produces a chain twisted yarn.