as a Thermo-transmitter or Radiator for Domestic Purposes. An Improved Appliance for use
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 6th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 24th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
as a Thermo-transmitter or
Radiator for Domestic Purposes.
An Improved Appliance for use
I, DANIEL NICHOLS, of 48 Shakespeare Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved appliance especially adapted for providing
and maintaining the healthy temperature of beds during the cold of winter nights
whereby not only the bed but the body of the sleeper is kept comfortably warm
all night thus preserving health and renewing strength for the succeeding day.
My improved appliance consists in its simplest form of a tube or cylinder of
suitable size and length made of copper tinned iron or any other suitable material
and fitted say at one end with a screw cap tube and stopper preferably either of
metal of conical shape or a washer of asbestos cloth or india rubber inserted in the
cap. The tube or cylinder is covered or clothed with any non-conducting material
such as cotton wadding or other substance of sufficient thickness to prevent the too
rapid radiation of heat and to equalize the transmitted heat throughout the eight or
ten hours of night.
The heat is obtained by filling the tube with boiling water and after the cap
with milled head has been screwed firmly on the whole appliance is put into a loose
linen slip or other suitable covering.
When thus filled and fitted the appliance is placed in the bed beside the occupant
as near to or far from as the outside temperature and other circumstances may
require.
In special cases when extra warmth is required I may add to the water
or substance that raises the boiling point of water.
The outside linen slip or case can be easily taken off and washed.
any
salt
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Appliance for use as a Thermo-transmitter or
Radiator for Domestic Purposes.
I, DANIEL NICHOLS, of 48 Shakespeare Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in an improved appliance especially adapted for use in
bed, in order to effect a gradual constant and uniform radiation and diffusion of
heat, whereby the body of the sleeper or occupant of the bed is maintained at a
uniformly comfortable and healthy temperature throughout the night.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will describe the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings
in which―
Fig. 1 is a view of the complete appliance.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same.
Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 2 but on a larger scale and showing more of the

page_text: Fig. 4 is a detail view of an alternative form of screw cap.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
The improved appliance as illustrated by these views consists of a metal tube or
cylinder a preferably about three feet six inches long and say two or three inches
in diameter. This tube or cylinder a is fitted at one end with a screw cap tube b
upon which is screwed a milled cap c. In Fig. 3 the milled cap c is shown lined
with a washer d of india rubber asbestos or other suitable material; but in the
alternative form Fig. 4 a metal washer or valve e is employed.
The tube or cylinder a is covered or clothed with cotton wadding for any other
suitable material having a low conductivity of heat and of sufficient thickness to
prevent the too rapid radiation and diffusion of heat. This covering is secured in
place by a tape or band g.
The heat is obtained by filling the tube or cylinder a with boiling water, and
after the milled cap c has been screwed firmly on to the tube the whole appliance
is enveloped in a loose linen or calico slip has shown in Fig. 1
When thus filled and fitted the appliance is placed in bed beside the occupant
and from it heat is diffused gradually and uniformly throughout the eight or ten
hours of the night. The non-conducting covering prevents excessive radiation of
heat at first and on the other hand causes the retention of sufficient heat to ensure
a practically equal diffusion eight or ten hours subsequently.
The outside slip or case h can be easily taken off and washed whenever required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is:-
the
The improved appliance consisting essentially of the following parts in com-
bination namely, the metal tube or cylinder a, cap tube h, and screw cap
cotton wadding or similar covering and the linen or calico slip all substantially
as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Dated this 5th day of November 1891.
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for Applicant.