IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE, AND RESIDUARY PRODUCTS, AND OVENS AND APPARATUS APPERTAINING THERETO, PARTS OF SUCH APPARATUS BEING APPLICABLE OTHERWISE." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Clay Bull, of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings,
State of New York, United States of America, but at present of 15, Water
Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF COKE, AND
RESIDUARY PRODUCTS, AND OVENS AND APPARATUS APPERTAINING THERETO,
PARTS OF SUCH APPARATUS BEING APPLICABLE OTHERWISE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Clay Bull at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1880.
HENRY CLAY BULL, of Brooklyn, in the County of Kings, State of New York,
United States of America, but at present of 15, Wator Street, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE
OF COKE, AND RESIDUARY PRODUCTS, AND OVENS AND APPARATUS APPERTAINING
THERETO, PARTS OF SUCH APPARATUS BEING APPLICABLE OTHERWISE."
My Invention relates to an improved process and apparatus for the manufacture
of coke and the utilization and saving of the residuary products from such
manufacture, and has for its object the production and manufacture of coke by
gaseous fuel, partly procured during the process of such manufacture and partly
procured by extraneous aid.
Under the first part of my Invention I wasb and separate the coal or pulverized
coal used in the manufacture of coke by passing such coal or pulverized coal
through a water filled tank in which the water and coal are kept in agitation by a
series of revolving arms, blades, or equivalent agitators. The water with the coal
in suspension is run off from the agitating tank into a series of trapped settling
tanks with weirs and arranged in rotation and filled by the successive overflow
from one tank to the other, the water being eventually discharged from the last of
the series. A convenient form consists in arranging the settling tanks in duplicate,
so positioned in connection with the agitating tank that they can be filled
alternately by the action of a swivelling discharge shoot or bottom in connection
with the agitating tank, so that one or other of the series of settling tanks can be

page_text: fed as required. By this arrangement one system of settling tanks can be
discharged while the other system is being filled.
By my arrangement of coal washing and separating apparatus I am enabled to
deposit ad seriatim in the settling tanks different densities of the coal or
pulverized coal, and thereby separate the impurities therefrom. The waters are
drained off from the settling tanks through suitable pipes, and the deposited coal is
shovelled or otherwise removed from the settling tanks when they are filled.
Under the second part of my Invention, a coke oven for carrying my Invention
into practice may be of any suitable rectangular or other form, with a suitable
charging door at the top and a withdrawing door at the end. The bottom of the
oven is composed of slabs perforated with fine holes, which open out into a closed
passage or conduit underneath the oven. One end is closed by a gas tight door
and the other end leads into a gas box or uptake hereafter referrod to. Across the
end of the oven, opposite the withdrawing end, I construct a vertical gas box
surrounded by an air jacket and laterally perforated by a series of air tubes. The
upper portion of the air jacket communicates with the nozzle of an injector or
injectors which lead into the interior of the oven. The other nozzle of the
injector or injectors open into a gas box, which communicates with a gas collector
which is supplied through a series of vertical pipes passing through the uptake at
the end of the oven. These pipes are connected to a gas main underneath the
uptake. At the side of this gas main is a gas collector or hydraulic main, which is
connected by a trapped pipe with the bottom of the uptake, so as to drain any
liquor therefrom. The hydraulic main is connected by a series of dip pipes with
the top of the uptake, and at the top of each pipe there is provided an ammoniacal
water jet. The bydraulic main is provided with an exhauster which sends as much
gas as is required into the gas main, and the rest to any desired position for other
use. Above the gas and air injector into the oven I provide a water jet leading
into the oven and which I use for cooling down and generating water gas.
Air also
The process of operation according to my Invention is thus: the oven is charged
with coal, and gas is turned on and injected into the oven and ignited.
is conveyed through the same injector nozzle into the oven with the gas to support
combustion. As the coal is coked, the gases given off pass through the perforated
bottom into the passage way under the oven and thence up the uptake, heating in
their passage the air and gas that is passing round the uptake and through the
tubes thereof, and being forced by the gas injector into the oven. The gases aro
forced or drawn from the uptake by the ammoniacal water jet and by the
exhaustion in the hydraulic main, into the hydraulic main, where they are to a
certain extent condensed into the liquor in the hydraulic main, the gas being
delivered into the gas main and used in the oven as gaseous fuel.
By my Invention I collect and utilize the gases generated during the process of
coking. I further generate water gas (which I subsequently mix with the coal
gas) by injecting water into the oven and through the incandescent coke, which
process serves to cool down the coke, as well as generate water gas. All liquors I
collect in the hydraulic main from whence they are drawn off to be stored for sale.
By my Invention I utilize the gases generated in the process of cokeing and I
save and store the residuary products, which have heretofore been wasted.
The arrangement of apparatus, herein before described, in connection with
cokeing ovens is also applicable for the generation. of water gas by injecting water
onto incandescent carbon and revivifying such carbon, and may be used in
conjunction with the process and apparatus described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to me, dated 31 December 1879, No. 5323.

page_text: uptake O, so as to drain any liquor therefrom. The hydraulic main W is connected
by a series of dip pipes Y with the top of the uptake O, and at the top of each
pipe Y there is provided an ammoniacal water jet g, through which the liquor from
the main W or other liquor may be constantly running. The hydraulic main W is
provided with an exhauster, which sends as much gas as required into the gas
main V, from whence the gas passes through the pipes U, gas box T, and injector S
into the oven J. Z is a water jet, which I use for cooling down the coke and
generating water gas.
The process of operation according to my Invention is thus. The oven J is
charged with coal, and gas is injected through the nozzle S, air to support combus-
tion being supplied through the casing or jacket P, the door b of which is removed.
As the coal is coked the gasses given off pass through the perforated bottom L into
the passage M, and thence up the uptake O, heating in their passage the air that is
passing through the uptake O and the tubes thereof, and also the gas passing
through the tubes U. Any liquor collecting in the uptake O is drained off through
the pipe e into the hydraulic main W. The gases from the uptake O are drawn off
from the uptake through the pipes Y into the hydraulic main W, the ammoniacal
water jet through the nozzle g assisting the operation, and to a certain extent
purifying the gases. The gases are drawn froin the hydraulic main W by an
exhauster, and delivered into the gas main V and used in the oven as gaseous fuel,
the surplus being led away for other uses.
By my Invention I collect and utilize the gases generated during the process of
cokeing. I further generate water gas in the operation of cooling down the incan-
descent coke. All liquors I collect in the hydraulic main W, from whence they
can be drawn off for storage. I thus utilize the gases, and save the residuary
products which have before been wasted. The arrangement of apparatus herein
described in connection with cokcing ovens is also applicable to the generation of
water gas by injecting water onto incandescent carbon and revivifying such
carbon.
What I claim as my Invention is,―
First. Constructing and arranging settling tanks for separauing and washing
coal used in the manufacture of coke with weirs such as H, to induce fast down
currents with slow uprise in the settling tanks, as illustrated at Figures 1 and 2 of
the Drawings, and for the purposes herein described.
Second. Constructing and arranging ovens for cokeing coal, so that the gases
liberated during the combustion of the coal are collected and returned into the
oven in a heated state, and with heated atmospheric air to effect the cokeing of the
coal, as herein set forth and illustrated.
Third. Applying gaseous fuel to ovens used for the manufacture of coke in the
manner lierein set forth and illustrated.
Fourth. Arranging and constructing ovens used in the manufacture of coke with
apparatus such as herein described, for collecting the residuary products given off*
in the manufacture, and applying the system of combustion by gaseous fuel,
as illustrated at Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings.
Fifth. Arranging and constructing ovens used in the manufacture of coke with
apparatus for collecting the residuary products, and applying gaseous fuel, and with
a water jet for cooling down and generating wator gas, as herein described and
illustrated at Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Clay Bull, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
HENRY CLAY BULL. (L.S.)