Im- PROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR CULTIVATING LAND BY POWER, AND FOR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVE-
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ulrik Fredrik Ateragram Rosing, of Christiana,
in the Kingdom of Norway, but at present of 35, Southampton
Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR CULTIVATING LAND BY
POWER, AND FOR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVE-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ulrik Fredrik Atera-
gram Rosing at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 4th August 1871.
I, ULRIK FREDRIK ATERAGRAM ROSING, of Christiana, in the
Kingdom of Norway, but at present of 35, Southampton Buildings, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR CUlti-
VATING LAND BY POWER, AND FOR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES, PART OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to improvements in means or apparatus
employed for cultivating land by power and for other agricultural

page_text: purposes, part of which improvements is also applicable to other
purposes, and consists in a novel combination, arrangement, and mode
of working, whereby a single endless direct acting rope or chain is
employed for operating the plough or other apparatus, and for shifting
the tackle. For this purpose I employ a holdfast drum or pulley
mounted on an engine or on a separate frame and driven thereby in
combination with guide blocks or pulleys mounted on suitable frames,
and with a tension block or pulley also mounted on a suitable frame.
The holdfast drum or pulley I by preference form of two cheeks or
dises mounted on separate studs or axes, but provided with teeth or
other means so that the two cheeks or discs shall revolve together.
One of these checks or discs is capable, with its axle, of being placed.
at an angle more or less with the other check or disc, for which purpose
the bearing carrying the axle of such cheek or disc is mounted on a
stud or axis, and a lever, cam, or other suitable means are employed
to hold such cheek or disc at the desired angle to the fixed cheek or
disc. By these means any suitable pressure can be put upon the rope
or chain as may be desired.
Two of the guide blocks or pulleys are by preference mounted on
one frame, and one or two guide blocks or pulleys on another frame,
whilst the tension block or pulley is mounted on a third frame, and
these various frames may be provided with suitable coulters or discs to
cut into the land and assist in holding them in proper position and
causing them to travel in the required straight path, whilst they are
also provided with suitable chains or ropes and anchors to hold them
firmly in position during the ploughing or other agricultural operation.
The rope or chain is arranged in the following manner :-
-It passes
from the drum or pulley driven by the engine to one of the guide blocks
or pulleys, from which it passes at or about right angles to another guide
block or pulley, from this guide block or pulley or second pair of
guide blocks or pulleys it passes in a parallel line to another guide block
or pulley, and from thence at right angles to the tension block or pulley,
whence it passes back to the drum or pulley driven by the engine.
The plough or other implement is worked between the first guide
block or pulley and the second, and back between the second and third
(or third and fourth as the case may be), and it is connected to one or
other portion of the endless rope or chain as desired, by means of hooks,

page_text: claws, or grips, which can be instantaneously released by acting upon
a cord, chain, rod, or catch acting thereon.
When the implement arrives at the end of its course in either
direction the hook, claw, or grip connecting it with the rope or chain
is automatically released therefrom by a projection carried by the frames
of the guide blocks or pulleys, so that the implement shall stop at the
proper moment.
The working of the implements can be done in two ways, that is,
either by employing double acting implements or by single ones which
must be turned round at the headlands.
In the case of double acting implements they will simply require to
be disconnected from one portion of the endless rope or chain and con-
nected with the other portion, but in the case of single acting imple-
ments they may be furnished with a bridle or whippletree, and when
they arrive at the end of their journey in one direction and are released
from the endless rope or chain, the "anchor man "takes the chain to
which the hook, claw, or grip is connected and swings it out to one side of
the bridle, so that it shall pull from the end thereof, he then hooks or
attaches it to that part of the endless rope or chain going in the reverse
direction, which first turns the implement round, when the chain thereof,
which is furnished with a small pulley or block slides to the middle of
the bridle or whippletree of the implement, and pulls it straight from
the centre thereof, but in the case of implements followed by an atten-
dant this will probably not be required.
When the implement arrives at the end of its course in this last direc-
tion, that is to say, at the end of its return journey (or in the case of
66
one way" implements at the end of a single journey), it is again
released as before from the endless rope or chain, when the frame
carrying the two guide blocks or pulleys is by means of a chain provided
with hooks, claws, or grips connected with a portion of the endless.
rope or chain running at right angles to the course of the implements
to move such guide block or pulley frame forwards. A second cord or
chain connected at one end with such hooks, claws, or grips, and at the
other end to an anchor, acts to release such hooks, claws, or grips, and
therefore the double guide block or pulley frame, from the endless rope
or chain when it has travelled the required distance.

page_text: Then in order to shift the single or it may be double guide block or
pulley frame at the opposite headland a similar distance, I provide such
guide block or pulley frame with a moveable roller or pulley capable by
means of a lever of being thrown into or out of gear with the axis of
the guide block or pulley. This roller or pulley is connected to one end
of a rope or chain, to the other end of which is fixed an anchor, which
is placed in proper position in the ground, then by throwing the move-
able roller or pulley into gear with the axis of the guide block or pulley
the anchor rope or chain is wound upon the moveable roller or pulley,
thereby shifting the guide block or pulley frame the required distance,
when the "anchor man "disconnects the moveable roller or pulley from
the axis and thereby stops the travelling of the guide block or pulley
frame; or such parts may be thrown out of gear by self-acting means, in
a somewhat similar manner to that employed in stopping the motion of
the other double guide block or pulley frame. The implement is now
again attached to the endless rope or chain, and the work is proceeded
with as before.
In order to put a proper strain upon the endless rope or chain I
employ a tension block or pulley, around which the endless rope or
chain passes. The frame of this tension block or pulley is provided
with a chain anchor and pulley block or other suitable hauling tackle,
so as to enable the attendant to draw or haul the tension block or
pulley towards the anchor until the required strain is given to the
endless rope or chain.
Around the guide and tension blocks or pulleys where the endless
rope or chain passes I fix guides or supports so as to prevent the end-
less rope or chain falling away therefrom when slack, such guides at
the same time serving as guards or protectors to prevent injury to the
attendants of the apparatus.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ulrik Fredrik Ateragram Rosing in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 3rd February 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ULRIK
FREDRIK ATERAGRAM ROSING, of Christiana, in the Kingdom of
Norway, but at present of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Ulrik Fredrik Ateragram Rosing, Her
special licence that I, the said Ulrik Fredrik Ateragram Rosing, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Ulrik
Fredrik Ateragram Rosing, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
FOR CULTIVATING LAND BY POWER AND FOR OTHER AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES, PART
OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Ulrik Fredrik Ateragram
Rosing, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ulrik Fredrik Ateragram Rosing,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
The Invention relates to improvements in means or apparatus
employed for cultivating land by power, and for other agricultural
purposes, part of which improvements is also applicable to other

page_text: purposes, and consists in a novel combination, arrangement, and mode
of working, whereby a single endless direct acting rope or chain is
employed for operating the plough or other apparatus and for shifting
the tackle. For this purpose I employ a holdfast drum or pulley
mounted on an engine or on a separate frame and driven thereby in
combination with guide blocks or pulleys mounted on suitable frames,
and with a tension block or pulley also mounted on a suitable frame.
The holdfast drum or pulley I by preference form of two cheeks or
discs mounted on separate studs or axes, but provided with teeth or
other means so that the two checks or discs shall revolve together. One
of these cheeks or discs is capable with its axle of being placed at an
angle more or less with the other check or disc, for which purpose the
bearing carrying the axle of such check or disc is mounted on a stud or
axis, and a lever, cam, or other suitable means are employed to hold
such check or disc at the desired angle to the fixed check or disc. By
these means any suitable pressure can be put upon the rope or chain as
may be desired.
Two of the guide blocks or pulleys are by preference mounted on one
frame, and one or two guide blocks or pulleys on another frame, whilst
the tension block or pulley is mounted on a third frame, and these
various frames may be provided with suitable coulters or discs to cut
into the land and assist in holding them in proper position and causing
them to travel in the required straight path, whilst they are also pro-
vided with suitable chains or ropes and anchors to hold them firmly in
position during the ploughing or other agricultural operation.
The rope or chain is arranged in the following manner :-)
-It passes
from the drum or pulley driven by the engine to one of the guide blocks
or pulleys, from which it passes at or about right angles to another
guide block or pulley, from this guide block or pulley or second pair
of guide blocks or pulleys it passes in a parallel line to another guide
block or pulley, and from thence at right angles to the tension block or
pulley, whence it passes back to the drum or pulley driven by the
engine.
The plough or other implement is worked between the first guide
block or pulley and the second, and back between the second and third a
(or third and fourth, as the case may be), and it is connected to one or

page_text: claws, or grips, which can be instantaneously released by acting upon a
cord, chain, rod, or catch acting thereon.
When the implement arrives at the end of its course in either direc-
tion, the hook, claw, or grip connecting it with the rope or chain is
automatically released therefrom by a projection carried by the frames
of the guide blocks or pulleys, so that the implement shall stop at the
proper moment.
The working of the implements can be done in two ways, that is,
either by employing double acting implements or by single ones which
must be turned round at the headlands.
In the case of double acting implements they will simply require to
be disconnected from one portion of the endless rope or chain and
connected with the other portion, but in the case of single acting imple-
ments they may be furnished with a bridle or whippletree, and when
they arrive at the end of their journey in one direction, and are released
from the endless rope or chain, the "anchor man" takes the chain to which
the hook, claw, or grip is connected and swings it out to one side of the
bridle, so that it shall pull from the end thereof; he then hooks or
attaches it to that part of the endless rope or chain going in the reverse
direction, which first turns the implement round, when the chain thereof,
which is furnished with a small pulley or block, slides to the middle of
the bridle or whippletree of the implement, and pulls it straight from
the centre thereof; but in the case of implements followed by an
attendant this will probably not be required.
When the implement arrives at the end of its course in this last direc-
tion, that is to say, at the end of its return journey (or in the case of
"one way" implements at the end of a single journey), it is again.
released as before from the endless rope or chain, when the frame
carrying the two guide blocks or pulleys is by means of a chain provided
with hooks, claws, or grips connected with a portion of the endless rope
or chain running at right angles to the course of the implements to
move such guide block or pulley frame forwards. A second cord or
chain, connected at one end with such hooks, claws, or grips, and at the
other end to an anchor, acts to release such hooks, claws, or grips, and
therefore the double guide block or pulley frame, from the endless rope
or chain when it has travelled the required distance.
Then in order to shift the single or it may be double guide block

page_text: or pulley frame at the opposite headland a similar distance I provide
such guide block or pulley frame with a moveable roller or pulley
capable by means of a lever of being thrown into or out of gear with
the axis of the guide block or pulley. This roller or pulley is connected
to one end of a rope or chain, to the other end of which is fixed an
anchor, which is placed in proper position in the ground, then by
throwing the moveable roller or pulley into gear with the axis of the
guide block or pulley the anchor rope or chain is wound upon the
moveable roller or pulley, thereby shifting the guide block or pulley
frame the required distance, when the "anchor man "disconnects the
moveable roller or pulley from the axis, and thereby stops the travelling
of the guide block or pulley frame, or such parts may be thrown out of
gear by self-acting means, in a somewhat similar manner to that
employed in stopping the motion of the other double guide block or
pulley frame. The implement is now again attached to the endless rope
or chain, and the work is proceeded with as before.
In order to put a proper strain upon the endless rope or chain I
employ a tension block or pulley around which the endless rope or
chain passes. The frame of this tension block or pulley is provided
with a chain anchor and pulley block or other suitable hauling tackle,
so as to enable the attendant to draw or haul the tension block or
pulley towards the anchor until the required strain is given to the
endless rope or chain.
Around the guide and tension blocks or pulleys where the endless
rope or chain passes I fix guides or supports, so as to prevent the a
endless rope or chain falling away therefrom when slack; such guides
at the same time serving as guards or protectors to prevent injury to
the attendants of the apparatus.
Holdfast drums or pulleys constructed as hercin described may be
used for other purposes where motion is required to be given to a rope
or chain.
And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood
and readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying
Drawings, more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figures 1, 1ª, 10, 11, 12, and 13 are plan and diagram views shewing
various modes of carrying my Invention into practical operation ;

page_text: Figure 2 is an elevation of the engine shown in Figure 1ª, and Figures
3 and 4 are detail views of the holdfast drums or pulleys carried by
the engine shown at Figures 1 and 2. Figure 5 is a side view, and
Figure 6 is an end view of a hook, claw, or grip to be used in connect-
ing an implement to the endless rope or chain; Figure 7 shows two
views of another hook, claw, or grip of a somewhat modified form;
Figure 8 is a detail view of one jaw or member of these grips.
Figure 9 shews a zig-zag harrow attached to the endless rope or
chain, and Figure 14 shows a triple circular harrow attached to the
endless chain or rope of Figure 1ª, such formed harrow being more easy
to turn than square or ziz-zag harrows.
In Figure
the driving engine is shown to have mounted thereon a
holdfast drum consisting of two wheels, cheeks, or discs A, A', mounted
on separate studs or axes 1, 2, but provided with teeth or other means
to compel the two wheels, cheeks, or discs A, A³, to revolve together.
The bearing 3 carrying the axis 2 of the wheel, disc, or cheek A¹ is
mounted on a stud or axis 4 and a lever or cam 5 (or other suitable
means) is employed to hold the wheel, cheek, or disc A¹ at the desired
angle to the wheel, check, or disc A, by which means any suitable
pressure may be put on the endless rope or chain 6 as may be desired.
Instead of employing the holdfast drum above described any other
suitable drum may be employed, but I prefer to use the arrangement
shown in connection with Figures 1ª and 2, in which case A represents
the main wheel and A² a supplemental or assistant wheel. The wheel A
is by preference provided with three grooves round its periphery and
the wheel A2 with two grooves. The axis of the wheel A² is mounted
at a slight angle to that of the wheel A, so that the first groove in the
lowermost part of the wheel A² corresponds with the first groove in the
main wheel A, from which it receives the rope or chain; but on the
upper part of the periphery of the wheel A³ the same first groove
corresponds with the second groove in the main wheel A, to which it
delivers the endles rope or chain. The second groove in the wheel A³
corresponds in a similar manner with the second and third grooves in
the main wheel A. This arrangement will be clearly seen by reference
to Figure 4. The main wheels A in the various Figures of the Drawing
are shown to be driven by a pinion fixed on the engine crank shaft.
The wheels A, A¹, A², are by preference mounted on the engines as

page_text: shown in the Drawings, or if desired they may be otherwise mounted
thereon, or they may be mounted on a separate frame, and the axes of
the wheels A may be driven by a strap or band from the engine or
otherwise as desired.
In Figure 1ª the endless rope or chain 6 passes from the under side of
the main wheel A to and partly around the guide block or pulley B,
whence it passes to and partly around the guide blocks or pulleys
C, C, D, and thence to the tension block or pulley E, around which
it takes a half turn and thence returns to the main wheel A.
The guide blocks or pulleys B, D, are by preference mounted as shown
on one frame, and the guide blocks or pulleys C, C³, are mounted on
another frame, but if desired each guide block or pulley may be
mounted on a separate frame. These various frames may be pro-
vided with suitable coulters or discs, as will be well understood, to cut
into the land and assist in holding them in proper position and causing
them to travel in the required straight path. The frames of the guide
blocks or pulleys are held firmly in position during work by means of
chains or ropes and anchors situated at 1, 1, 1. The implement is hooked
or fixed by a claw, hook, or grip K to the endless rope 6, which hauls it
from B to C, where the cross bar or other releasing instrument s by
coming against the projection of the frame 8 releases the hook, claw,
or grip K from the endless rope or chain 6. The hook, claw, or grip K is
then hooked to the endless rope or chain 6 near to the guide pulley C²,
and the endless rope or chain 6 will then haul the implement to the
pulley D, when the hook, claw, or grip K is again released from the
endless rope or chain 6 by the projection of the frame 7. In the case
of employing single acting implements they may be turned round at
the headlands by the attendant, but when employing double acting
implements the hook, claw, or grip K will simply be unhooked from
one part of the implement and fastened to another.
When the implement has arrived at the end of its course between the
guide pulleys C and D the two frames 7 and 8 of the guide blocks or
pulleys B, D, and C, C2, are then to be shifted, which I prefer to do by
the aid of the endless rope or chain 6. The frame 7 of the blocks or
pulleys B, D, is hauled along by simply hooking to the endless rope or
chain 6 a hook, claw, or grip attached to the chain k, which is fixed to
the frame 7. The endless rope will then haul the frame 7 nearer to the
tension block or pulley E, and the hook, claw, or grip is released from

page_text: the endless rope or chain 6 when the frame 7 has travelled the required
distance. This may be done by the attendant or by means of a cord or
chain connected at one end with the releasing instrument of the hook,
claw, or grip, and at the other end to an anchor. The frame 8 of the
guide blocks or pulleys C, C², is shifted by the assistance of a rope or
chain m, n, one end of which is fixed to an anchor m placed in a
suitable position. The other end of the same rope is shown at n, lying
loosely upon the ground after it has been wound several times round a
roller 10 underneath the pulley C². The pulley C2 is fixed on its shaft or
axis, and the roller 10 is mounted loosely upon such axis, but is capable
of being locked therewith or with the pulley C2 when desired by means
of a clutch or any other well-known appliance thrown into gear by the
attendant depressing the outer end of the lever o, when the roller 10
will wind up the rope m, n, thereon, and thereby haul the block or pulley
frame 8 towards the anchor at m until the frame 8 has travelled the
required distance, when the attendant will release the lever o, and
thereby throw the roller 10 out of gear with its shaft, and so stop the
motion of the frame 8.
When the pulleys or blocks B, C, C², and D have been shifted the
required distance the implements are connected to the endless rope or
chain 6 and operated as before explained. If desired the implements
can be caused to travel from the tension block or pulley E towards
the engine.
The course of the endless rope or chain 6 may be variously arranged.
In Figure 1 I have shown what I call the parallel or T form of
working, and in Figure 10 I have shown the square mode of working,
which is most suitable for large fields, and especially when operating
reaping and mowing machines. In working according to the arrange-
ment shown at Figure 10 the frames of the blocks or pulleys B and C
remain stationary, E being the tension block, whilst the other blocks
or pulleys B2, C2, E2, and F, are from time to time shifted towards
the middle of the field as the work proceeds, and as shown by the
dotted lines. By this arrangement a field can be worked on one or
more or on all of the four sides at the same time. The frames of the
shifting blocks or pulleys B², C, E, and F, may be furnished with one
block or pulley each, or if desired with two, as shown at Figure 11, or
with other number of guide blocks or pulleys.
When working triangular fields the block F can be omitted and the

page_text: endless rope or chain 6 taken from E or E direct to B or B, or vice
versâ.
From the previous description it will be readily understood, that the
course of the endless chain or rope 6 may be varied as desired to suit
particular circumstances or purposes.
The tension block or pulley E, Figure 1ª, is shown connected to its
anchor by rope or chain tackle or pulley blocks; one end of the rope
or chain is fixed to the tension block frame, the chain or rope then
passes around pulleys as shown and is then laid along the headland or
field where its other end is fixed to an anchor at any convenient and
suitable place, so that the attendant at the frame 7 can adjust the tension
by hauling in or paying out the said rope or chain.
66
At Figures 12 and 13 I have shown diagrams of modes in which the
endless rope or chain may be employed for hauling carts and other
vehicles or implements. The cart shown at Figure 13 is a dumping"
cart, which will be turned over on its axis and emptied of its contents
in the desired position by a projecting hook x, as shown in elevation,
when the cart may be hooked to the return portion of the endless rope
or chain 6 and return for another load.
Any or all of the block or pulley frames may be furnished with
wheels, or with or without wheels; they may be placed upon planks or
timber forming a sort of tramway to facilitate the operation of shifting
them.
In the hook, claw, or grip shown at Figures 5 and 6, I employ three
spiral or screw grooved jaws u, u, and u², the last being the pressing or
nipping jaw, which is acted upon by the eccentric lever us, to which the
implement, vehicle, or other article to be hauled is attached. A stop
screw u is employed to regulate or prevent over pressure. The
jaws u, u', are hinged to the frame of the grip and they are held
together by a locking cover t, which is kept in position by the locking
lever s, which when acted upon by a fixed projection h, or by the
attendant, releases the covert and lifts it up, thereby releasing the grip
from the endless rope or chain.
In the modified form of hook, claw, or grip shown at Figures 7 the
three spiral grooved jaws are connected together by hinges and form ;
when closed a cone on their exterior. These jaws are placed on the

page_text: rope and are then encircled by the hinged cylinder w, which is formed
conical on the inside to fit the cone of the jaws, which it will press to
the endless rope or chain when the cylinder w is locked by the chain
hook and the pressure comes on. This grip is released from the endless
rope or chain by pulling the stop loops of the hook.
At Figure 8 is shown an inside view to a larger scale of one of the
spiral or screw grooved jaws of the grips.
The wheels A, A1, A2, and any or all of the guide blocks or pulleys
may be provided with spiral grooves similar to those of the jaws of the
grips. I, I, I, 9, are guides, covers, or supports to prevent the endless
rope falling away from the various guide blocks or pulleys when slack
and at the same time to serve as guards or protectors to prevent injury
to the attendants. If desired rollers may be employed in lieu of the
guides g, g.
Holdfast drums or pulleys constructed as described with respect to
Figure 1 may be used for other purposes where motion is required to be
given to a rope or chain.
It is evident from the foregoing description that by the mode of
working herein described any description of implement may be operated
by the endless direct acting rope or chain, and that carts or other
vehicles or weights may be moved from place to place as may be
desired.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
mode in which I propose to carry the same into effect, I would have it
understood that what I claim is,―
First. The employment of a single endless direct acting rope or
chain in manner and for the purposes substantially as hercin shown and
described.
Secondly. I claim the means of shifting the various block or pulley
frames substantially as herein shown and described.
Thirdly. I claim the peculia construction of holdfast drum or pulley,
substantially as shown and described with respect to Figure 1.
Fourthly. I claim the various modes of working a single endless
direct acting rope or chain in manner and for the purposes substantially
as herein shown and described.

page_text: Fifthly. I claim the employment of grips, such as those shown at
Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, in manner and for the purposes substantially as
herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ulrik Fredrik Ateragram Rosing,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of 5
January One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
ULRIK ROSING. (L.S.)