Improvements in or relating to Combing Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Dec., 139C-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Combing Machines.
We, JAMES LONGMORE, Mili Manager, and WILLIAM LIVINGSTONE WATSON,
Merchant, both of 34, Leulenhill Street, London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to combing machines of that class wherein the fibres are
carried round on a circular carrier or comb outside which the said fibres project in
tufts and from which they are drawn off by the pressure of a fluted roller (tangen-
tially disposed to the circular comb) on an endless leather apron or drawing-off
leather. Hitherto the removal of the film of fibre from the pron has been directly
effected by means of a rotating funnel which condensed and formed the film into a
sliver and through which it was drawn by drawing rollers between which the sliver
was nipped. With many fibres there is great difficulty in effecting this removal of the
film from the apron in a continuous manner so as to cause no breaking of the sliver.
By our invention we overcome this difficulty and are also able to doff short and
delicate fibres from the drawing-off leather and thereby keep the said leather clean;
this we effect by means of a pair of positively driven "papering or calendering
rollers mounted between the apron and the condensing funnel the said rollers being
the full width of the apron. The rollers are pressed together with such a degree of
pressure that as the filin passes between them it becomes "papered "or consolidated
throughout its width. The fibres are thus caused to have sufficient cohesion to admit
of the film although very thin, being properly drawn through the funnel which in this
arrangement need not be a rotating one, and which acts as a guide to form the film
into a sliver which it does without endangering the continuity of the sliver as has
hitherto been the case when the film has been acted upon in an uncompressed
condition.
Datad his 35th day of Norch 1890
"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Combing Machines.
We, JAMES LONGMORE, Mill Manager, and WILLIAM LIVINGSTONE WATSON,
Merchant, both of 34, Leadenhall Street, London, E., do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to combing machines of that class wherein the fibres are
carried round on a circular carrier or comb outside which the said fibres project in
tufts and from which they are drawn off by the pressure of a fluted roller (tangen-
tially disposed to the circular comb) on an endless leather apron or drawing-off
leather. Hitherto the removal of the film of fibre from the apron has been directly
effected by means of a rotating funnel which condensed and formed the film into a
sliver and through which it was drawn by drawing rollers between which the sliver
was nipped. With many fibres there is great difficulty in effecting this removal of
the film from the apron in a continuous manner so as to cause no breaking of the
sliver on account of the sorting of the fibres which occurs in drawing off from the

page_text: circle the longer fibres being delivered on one side of the apron and the short of
the other thus destroying cohesion.
::
By our invention we overcome this difficulty and are also able to doff short and
delicate fibres from the drawing-off leather and thereby keep the said leather clean;
this we effect by means of a pair of positively driven "papering" or calendering
rollers mounted between the apron and the condensing funnel the said roller being
the full width of the apron. The rollers are pressed together with such a degree of
pressure that as the film passes between them it becomes papered" or consolidated
throughout its width. The fibres are thus caused to have sufficient cohesion to admit
of the film although very thin, being properly drawn through the funnel which in this
arrangement need not be a rotating one, and which acts as a guide to form the film
into a sliver which it does without endangering the continuity of the sliver as has
hitherto been the case when the film has been acted upon in an uncompressed
condition.
In the accompanying drawings:
:-
Fig. 1 is a plan and Fig. 2a central longitudinal section of the apparatus
constructed according to this invention:
Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a portion of the driving gear thereof.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A is the circular carrier or comb which is slowly rotated by a pinien A' engaging
with the internal rack A2 as is usual in say the Lister combing machine.
BB are the usual fluted drawing-off rollers and the endless drawing-off leather
or apron which passes around the roller B over the support bar and around
rollers E and F the former of which is journaled in stationary bearings E' and the
latter in bearings F which are adjustable in slotted standards by a screw F³
and screw nut so as to enable the tension of the leather C to be increased or
decreased.
G G are the papering rollers the upper one (G) of which is pressed downwards on
to the lower one by a spring G2 at each end of its shaft with more or less pressure
according to the position of the screw G³ which may be adjusted by the land wheel G
or the roller may act by its own weight. The shaft G G of rollers G G at one end
are geared together by pinions G7 only one of which is seen in Fig 1, at its other end
the shaft of the lower roller has secured on it a pinion G8 which gears with a wheel 1.
Hare two vertical rollers rotating above the plate and the shafts II of which
are geared together by toothed wheels H³ one only of which is shown in Fig. 2. One
of the shafts H2 is provided with a band pulley H or some other equivalent by which
rotary motion may be transmitted to it, if desired the shafts H2 may extend upwards
from the rollers H instead of downwards as in the drawing, and he there provided
with gear wheels H³ and pulley H but the arrangement shown in the drawing is
more convenient. J J are another pair of horizontal rollers the upper of which
like G before described and L hereinafter described is by springs G2 and screws G³
yieldingly and adjustably pressed down on to the lower of its pair of rollers. K is
the guiding funnel which is adjustably secured in a cross bar K'. L. I are the
delivering rollers. At one side of the machine the shafts J J³ of rollers J Jare
geared together by pinions Jone only of which can be seen in Fig. 1, and at the
opposite side of the machine the shaft 3 of roller J has secured on it a pinion Ja
which is in gear with the before mentioned wheel I and also with the wheel M. This
wheel M gears with the pinion L secured on one end of the shaft L³ of roller L'
the opposite end of this shaft being geared with the shaft. L2 of the upper roller L
by pinions I the upper of which only is shown in Figure 1. N is a nozzle through
which air is blown so as to direct the short side of fibres to the middle of or
between the rollers H.
The before described gearing and pulley H₁ may receive motion from any con-
venient source or they may be coupled up with the gearing of the combing machine
in conjunction with which the apparatus is to operate and when operated in this
manner the fibres projecting outwards from the comb A are seized by the rapidly
rotating rollers B B' and pressed hard down upon the surface of leather C by which

page_text: or
they are carried to the calendering or "papering" rollers G G as indicated by the
dot and dash line in Figure 2, at which place the rollers G G' draw or "doff" the
fibres from off the leather C. The rollers G G press upon the film of fibres passing
between them with such a degree of pressure that the film becomes "papered
consolidated throughout its width. At the outlet side of the rollers G G₁ the blast
of air delivered by nozzle N blows the short fibres towards the centre of the apparatus
so that they will readily enter between the rollers H by which the fibres are still
further consolidated and formed into a comparatively loose sliver. After this sliver
has passed between the rollers J J by which the fibres are still further consolidated
and the sliver made harder or more compact it passes through the guide or
funnel K and is delivered by the rollers L L into a sliver can or other
receptacle.
If desired the rollers H may
degree of pressure exercised by
similar to that of the rollers G G
be adjustable in relation to each other so that the
them on the sliver may be regulated in a manner
or J J'.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In mechanism for drawing off fibres from a combing machine the combination
with the drawing off apron or leather of a pair of compressing calendering or
* papering” rollers for loffing the apron and "papering" the full width of the film of
fibres substantially as described.
2. In mechanism for drawing off fibres from a combing machine the combination
with the drawing off leather or apron and delivering rollers of one or more pairs of
compressing rollers arranged between the said apron and the delivering rollers
substantially as described.
3. In mechanism for drawing off fibros from a combing machine the combination
with the drawing off apren C and delivering rollers L L' of rollers such as G G¹HJ J
and one or more air-delivering nozzles such as N substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In mechanism for drawing off fibres from a combing machine the combination
with the drawing off apron Cand delivering rollers L L of horizontal rollers G G
one or more nozzles N vertical rollers H horizontal rollers J J and fixed funnel K the
whole constructed and operating, substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In mechanism for drawing off fibres from a combing machine the combination
with the drawing off apron C and delivering rollers L L of doffing rollers and a fixed
funnel K substantially as described.
6. In mechanism for drawing off fibres from a combing machine the arrangement
and combination of parts constituting the complete apparatus substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this
day of Percumber
1000
JAMES LONGMORE.
W. L. WATSON.
W P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicants.