IMPROVE- MENTS IN BELLOWs
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clark, of 58, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer & Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BELLOWs."-A communication from abroad by Mr. Charles
Jules Pierre Desnos-Gardissal, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Civil
Engineer.
Sealed the 19th July 1861, and dated the 2nd February 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd February 1861.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer & Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BELLOWS," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to improvements in bellows, which are double acting,
and produce a continuous jet of air. These bellows are of the ordinary form,
and have three boards or plates, the two outer ones being stationary, & the
middle one alone movable. The three boards are united by a flexible
membrane, which while it encloses the space between the boards permits of
the free action of the middle board to move towards and from the outer boards
alternately.
These bellows are furnished with suitable valves, and it will be readily

page_text: understood that the air is alternately aspirated in the one chamber of the
bellows while it is at same time discharged from the other, & thereby producing
a continuous blast. Instead of the outer boards being stationary and the
middle one movable, the reverse may be the case.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Clark, Her special licence that I, the said William Clark, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, tho said William
Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BELLOWS," a communication from abroad by Mr. Charles Jules Pierre Desnos-
Gardissal, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Clark, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clark, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention relates to new or improved arrangements of double bellows

page_text: producing an almost continuous current of air, applicable for domestic
purposes.
In the annexed Drawings are represented two arrangements of these
bellows in central vertical section, displaying the whole of their interior
fittings. The bellows are supposed to be half open, and if one side of the axial
line a, b, Fig. 1, be taken, it will represent an ordinary domestic bellows."
Thus Fig. 1 represents two complete bellows, one on each side of the par-
tition a, b, which serves as a base common to both, to which an ordinary
nozzle is fixed. Supposing this improved bellows to be worked by three hands,
one for keeping the partition a, b, steady, with the nozzle towards the fire,
another for discharging the air contained in chamber n, by pressing handle c
towards handle b, and a third for alternately opening and closing chamber m;
while the second again distends chamber n, to obtain a fresh supply of air.
In this manner a continuous supply of air will be obtained; one of the
chambers being supplied with air while the other discharges, and vice versa.
In order that one person may readily operate with these bellows, I supply
the place of the third hand by causing one hand to work both the outer sides
of the bellows by means of a rod i, i, Figs. 1 and 2, in the manner above
described. This rod always keeps the two outer plates of the bellows at an
invariable distance apart, as when one in discharging the air approaches the
centre partition a, b, the other is forcibly separated from it, and becomes filled
with air to be discharged in its turn. In reversing the movement the hand
next separates the two handles which have come in contact, and so on.
To obviate the inconvenience of having the bellows always open when not
in use, a string or cord may be used instead of the rod to allow of its being
folded up. Only in this case a small weight should be attached to the plate
not acted on by the hand, and the handles while working be kept in a
relatively vertical position one above another, so that the weight shall open
the lower chamber with sufficient force to keep the cord distended, and to allow
of the air entering freely until the cord is again pulled in the opposite
direction.
Instead of having two hinges for the outer plates at point e, one hinge may
be adapted to the centre partition, as shown at Fig. 2. In this case the
nozzle, which should point straight to the fire, is not fixed in a plane with this
plate, as it would carry it with it in its rotary-motion, while it should be
always attached to the fixed part of the bellows. The details may, however,
be modified as required, as the principal feature of the Invention consists-in
connecting the two exterior plates so as to work with the two hands the
three partitions of the double bellows.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
a, nozzle; b, c, d, handles for working the plates or partitions; f, valves for
the introduction of air; e, front end of the bellows to which the nozzle is
attached, as also the hinge or hinges for affording the oscillatory motion for
opening and closing the bellows; h represents the folds of the leather between
the handles when they are not opened to the full extent; i, i, rod fixed to the
handles of the two outer plates or divisions, and sliding in an opening made
in the handle of the centre partition for the purpose; m, n, air chambers of
the bellows.
Having described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected
by the berein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the arrangement and
combination of parts herein-before described with reference to the Drawings
annexed, constituting double bellows, applicable for domestic and other
purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred & sixty-one.
W. CLARK. (L.S.)