IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND DRESSING SIZED WORSTED OR OTHER YARNS."
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Chris. Anderson, of 4, Osborne Terrace, Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
DRYING AND DRESSING SIZED WORSTED OR OTHER YARNS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Chris. Anderson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October 1877.
"IM-
CHRIS. ANDERSON, of 4, Osborne Terrace, Leeds, in the County of York.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND DRESSING SIZED WORSTED OR
OTHER YARNS."
The object of my Invention is to provide an improved apparatus for thoroughly
drying separately threads of yarn which have been strongly sized, so as to prevent
their adhering to each other, as they would if dried in the bank as ordinarily.
In carrying out my Invention, by preference I provide a large cylindrical
shaped frame, or roller, or reel, revolving on a longitudinal axis, and constructed
of one, two, or more wheels formed of a rim with arms and boss fixed on a
suitable shaft, across which rims are fastened longitudinally a series of laths or
staves, which form supports for the yarn carriers herein-after described, and the
yarn as it is led or wound on to the said frame or reel, the said yarn carriers
consisting sometimes of endless bands, which are so arranged as to cover and be
capable of moving in a longitudinal direction on the outer surface of the said staves
so as to be interposed between the said staves and the sized threads of yarn, and
also so as to carry the said sized thread of yarn in a longitudinal direction (that is,
in the direction of the length of the aforesaid staves) from that end of the frame or
reel at which they are led or wound on to the said reel to the opposite end at which
they are taken off the same, and thus allowing of threads of yarn to be wound on
at one end, and off at the other end of the reel in a continuous length, the speed of
the reel and yarn carriers being so arranged as to allow of sufficient time elapsing

page_text: between the winding on and off of the yarn, for the size to set thoroughly, so that
on being brought in contact, the said threads will not adhere to each other. The
drying or setting of the said size may be accelerated by the artificial application of
heat in any suitable manner.
I also provide a suitable arrangement for greasing the face of the yarn carriers,
on which face the yarn lays during its transit across the reel for the purpose of pre-
venting the yarn sticking to the carriers.
In place of and to serve the purpose of the aforesaid endless bands or carriers, a
double series of laths or staves may be used, which are arranged longitudinally in a
similar manner to those herein-before described, with the difference that their outer
surfaces, which are caused to carry the threads of yarn, have an eliptical or other
suitable motion, which is so arranged that the two series alternately bear and carry
the yarn in a similar manner to the before-described endless bands, the respectivė
series expanding and contracting, advancing and returning, in the direction of the
length of the said staves as the reeling of the yarn progresses.
Also instead of either of the before-mentioned methods a series of circular discs
may be used, each being provided with a circular row of pins near its circumference,
and standing at about right angles to the plane of its flat surface, in such a manner
that several pinned discs of suitable sizes may be placed one inside the pins of
another in order to hold collectively a sufficient length of yarn, as required, the
inside disc pins which forms the centre of the series being wound first with a single
layer of sized yarn, and when it is filled, the next size is slipped over it by suitable
means, when that is also covered with yarn, and so on until a sufficient length of
yarn is obtained. The whole series may then, if necessary, be removed from the
apparatus by which they may have been wound and placed in a convenient position
for drying.
The discs are proved with holes, through which dry air can circulate further for
the purpose of drying heavy yarns; a folding apparatus consisting of a suitable frame
and a series of rods may be used, and so constructed and arranged that after passing
through the size, the yarn may be laid in a single layer (the threads being at
suitable distances); over a pair or more of rods may be returned over another pair or
set, so as to keep the layers separated, and so on until a sufficient quantity is laid,
when the yarn with frame and rods may be allowed to stand until the size is dried,
or may be moved to a suitable drying room or apparatus.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Chris. Anderson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th April
1878.
"LM-
CHRIS. ANDERSON, of 4, Osborne Terrace, Leeds, in the County of York.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND DRESSING SIZED WORSTED OR
OTHER YARNS."
The object of my Invention is to provide an improved apparatus for thoroughly
drying, separately, threads of yarn which have been strongly sized, so as to prevent
their adhering to each other, as they would if dried in the hank as ordinarily.
In carrying out my Invention, by preference I provide a large cylindrical shaped
frame, or roller, or reel, revolving on a generally longitudinal axis, and constructed of
one, two, or more wheels formed of a rim with arms and boss fixed on a suitable
shaft, across which rims are fastened longitudinally a series of laths or staves which
form supports for yarn carriers, consisting generally of straps which are placed on
suitable driving and guide pulleys situated at each end of the said laths or staves,
so as to form endless bands which are capable of being moved over the outer surface
of the said staves, and returned by way of the under surface of the same, so as to
form, as regards the outer surface of the staves, a continuous carrier in one direction
as may be desired and requisite for the purposes of the Invention.
The said laths or staves with their endless bands or carriers are arranged on and
form the outer surface of the said roller or reel, and are placed at suitable
intervals, so as to entirely support the threads of yarn which may be wound
on the same, and a motion in one and the same direction being imparted to the
said endless bands or carriers as the reel revolves on its axis by the gearing
of the machine, the whole of the outer surface of the reel which is in contact
with the sized threads of yarn moves from one end of the reel to the other
longitudinally, and consequently the yarn may be led on to the reel at one end from
a size trough, and then pass one or more times round the reel, and be taken off
at the other end of the same in a continuous length, and with a continuous motion,
sufficient time being allowed to elapse between the leading on and off of the yarn,
for the size with which it has previously been impregnated to thoroughly dry, the
drying process being generally accelerated by suitable artificial heat.
In order to prevent the sized threads adhering to the endless bands or carriers,
the carriers are kept thoroughly well greased.
In order to render the foregoing explanation more clear, it may be said that whilst
on the reel the threads assume the form of the threads of a screw.
The travelling motion of the endless bands is obtained by means of radial spindles
provided with bevel and spur wheels which gear into a main bevel wheel which is
placed loose on the main shaft, and suitable mitre wheels attached to the driving
pulleys of the endless bands, the necessary difference of motion between that of the
said main bevel wheel and that of the reel being obtained by suitable gearing, as
shewn on the accompanying Drawings.
As an alternative method of procuring the before-named longitudinal motion of
the sized yarn driving the revolution of the reel, I provide in place of each of the
aforesaid endless bands or carriers, a pair of lathes or staves mounted in suitable
guides, which staves are caused to have a reciprocating motion in a longitudinal
direction with regard to the reel, and also a rising and falling motion in the direction
of the diameter of the same, which motions are imparted to the staves by suitable
cams placed and revolved on the ends of radial spindles in a similar manner to the
driving of the mitre wheels as aforesaid in regard to the before-described endless
band method of traversing, the said motious being so arranged as to produce an
alternative reciprocation of each staff of each pair of staves in each of the above-
mentioned directions in such a manner that whilst one of each pair of staves is

page_text: supporting and carrying the sized yarn towards the desired end of the reel, the other
of each pair, after performing the falling motion aforesaid, is moving through the
opposite reciprocation until each staff having completed its movement in one
direction by means of the rising and falling motion of the staves, the threads of yarn
are transferred from the one which has completed its motion in the direction in
which it is desired to travel the yarn, so that which is commencing its movement
in the same direction, and these motions being continually repeated, the effect
produced in moving the yarn longitudinally on the reel is similar to that of the
before-mentioned endless bands.
As a further alternative method of drying sized yarn, I provide a series of circular
discs, which are each provided with suitable circular and concentric rows of pins or
staves standing at right angles to the plane of the flat surfaces of the same, and
arranged in such a manner that the smaller or innermost row of pins having been.
wound or filled with sized yarn, the next size may be placed over and round the
same in the manner shewn on accompanying Drawings, and in turn be covered with
yarn, and so on until a sufficient number of sets are covered, when the whole may
be allowed to stand until the size is dried or set, or may be moved to a suitable
drying room.
Also, as a further alternative method of accomplishing the object of the Invention,
I provide an apparatus for folding layers of yarn backwards and forwards over
separating rods arranged in a suitable frame, which is provided with means of
raising and lowering the same for the purpose of conveniently allowing the said
frame to be filled with rods and layers of yarn, the yarn being laid by suitable
rollers carried on a pair of swinging levers, and the rods being placed in position by
hand or by any convenient apparatus. In this arrangement, the same as in the
foregoing, after sufficient yarn is folded, artificial means may be used for drying
the sin
In order to render the foregoing description more clear, I now refer to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings, and the figures and letters refer as follows:-Fig. 1,
1a, 1b, represents a longitudinal section with gearing in elevation, part plan and end
elevation of a drying reel, as first and second described, in which a, a, is fast and
loose driving pulleys; b, b, gearing for reducing speed, when necessary, to what is
required for reel; c, c, pinion and wheel for driving reel shaft and reel; d, d, pinion
and wheel for driving radial spindles f, f, f; ff. f, radial spindles with mitre and
bevel wheels for driving strap or endless band pulleys g, 9, 9; 9, g, g, endless band
driving pulleys; h, h, h, h, endless band guide pulleys; i, i, i, heating pipes for
drying yarnj, j, j, bosses and arms keyed on to shaft for carrying rim and staves
k, k, k, l, l, radial spindles with bevel and initre wheels gearing into main working
bevil wheel for cams; m, m, m, alternative method of reciprocating staves and
cams; m, m2, enlarged views of cam; n, n, n, reciprocating staves, as described;
o, o, springs for keeping stave pins in gear with cams; p, p, p, cross shafts for
carrying driving motion to cam on opposite side to that at which the main bevel
wheel is placed.
Fig. 2, alternative method of pinned discs; a, a, a, fixed centre disc and pins or
staves or rods; b, b, b, loose or sliding discs and pins; c, c, dise for receiving end
of pins; d, d, shaft on which the whole are carried, and for winding.
The dotted lines indicate positions of sliding discs and pins at commencement of
winding process.
Fig. 3 shews plans of pins and discs, and dotted lines a, a, a, a, indicates method
of winding threads of yarn.
Figs. 4 et 5 shews alternative method also of folding yarn on moveable rods, as
described; a, a, rising and falling frame for carrying rods; b, b, b, rods for separating
layers of yarn; c, c, c, dotted lines indicating folded yarn; e, hydraulic ram or any

page_text: suitable method or lowering frame a, a, in guides d, d; f, f, f, swinging levers with
suitable rollers for folding yarn from one side rods to another, as described.*
In witness whereof, I, the said Chris. Anderson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
*The following clause and claims were added to this Specification pursuant to an
Order of the Lord Chancellor, dated 26th June 1878:
"
"
Having now particularly ascertained and shewn and described the nature of my
"said Invention, I wish it to be understood that I do.not confine myself to the
precise details, as shewn and described, as many modifications may be made
"without departing from the main principles of the Invention, and that what I
"claim to be novel and original, and therefore secured to me by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is-
"
"
"
Firstly. The arrangement of cylindrical-shaped reel having a practically longi-
tudinally travelling surface used for the purposes, and substantially as shewn and
❝ described.
88
*
Secondly. The arrangement of sliding pinned discs, substantially as shewn and
described,
<<
Thirdly. The arrangement of folding apparatus, substantially as shewn and
danomiled"