Improvements in Water Pressure Feeders for Boiler Scaling Preventatives.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1895-Accepted, 21st Mar., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Pressure Feeders for Boiler Scaling
Preventatives.
I, THOMAS BOOTH SMITH, of Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia, and
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked
thereon, which form a part of this Specification
:-
This invention relates to the special arrangements, construction and combination
of parts, forming an automatic device whereby a liquid compound contained within
a chamber, constituting part of the invention, is intermittently or regularly fed
to the feed-water pipe, supplying water to boilers for use with steam engines,
or other purposes, by the pressure of the water contained in the feed-water
pipe;
And the objects of my invention are:
First. To provide an apparatus that will automatically discharge or feed a
compound or oily ingredient, in any quantity desired, into the feed-water pipe, or
supply pipe, for boilers, by the action of the water pressure in the feed-water pipe,
and thereby supplying an improved means of supplying and feeding ingredients
to boilers, possessing the qualities of cleansing, and freeing the boiler of scale,
or preventing the formation of scale in boilers, and thus supplying a ready and
efficient means of separating the mineral deposits or incrustation which is
invariably formed and deposited on the plates of boilers without having to resort
to any manual or mechanical operation, such as chipping off the scale with
tools, etc.; such methods or mechanical means being costly in labor and injurious
to the plates of the boiler.
Second. To supply a machine for the purposes set forth which will be
exceedingly simple in construction, reliable in its operation, and inexpensive to
manufacture.
To accomplish the various objects of my invention, I construct a vessel having
a cylindrical or other suitable form, and whose base is funnel shaped, somewhat
similar to an inverted cone. At one side of this coned base, at its extreme limit
or juncture with the vertical sides of the vessel, there is a threaded opening into
which is secured a blow-off cock, or valve, and at the lowest point of the coned
bottom of the vessel, is provided a threaded aperture into which is screwed a
flange-faced threaded plug having a coned extremity. The top or crown of the
chamber or vessel has a central, annular flanged threaded opening, provided with
a faced seat near its base. Into this central opening, a flanged inner pipe, with its
flange resting on the seat of the central opening, and its lower end projecting
downwardly to a distance below the outlet or aperture of the blow-out cock.
From the central opening a flanged pipe, seating itself with the lower and interior
pipe, rises in a vertical position, and turns, assuming the shape similar to an
inverted U, from the center of which, by suitable arranged connections, there is
provided a stop valve, this valve being connected directly to the feed-water pipe,
or provided with a length of pipe interposed Between the valve and feed-water
pipe, as may be required for convenience of manipulation.
At each of the turns of the inverted U-shaped pipe, are arranged threaded
danged openings, having threaded plug screws for convenience of cleaning the

page_text: pipe. From the shorter end of the U-shaped pipe, extending downwardly in a
vertical position, there is an ordinary glass gauge tube, suitably connected with the
pipe, and its lower end connecting by union joint formed integrally with a
spherically chambered pressure stop valve, of special construction, having at the
base of the spherical chamber, a small blow-out cock, integrally formed with the
spherical pressure chamber. On one side of the spherical pressure chamber, there
is provided an externally threaded projecting stem, over which an internally
threaded annular cap screws on, this cap having a central opening for the valve
rod to pass through. At the juncture of this stem with the spherical pressure
chamber, the central opening through which the valve rod passes, is provided
through its length with an integral formed screw thread, in which a corresponding
thread on the valve rod works, securing finer adjustment of the tapered valve at
the end of the rod, seating itself in the inlet opening on the opposite side of the
spherical pressure chamber, and connecting point with main reservoir. This
arrangement of the screw threaded valve rod relieves the cap from all pressure or
thrust and secures more perfect working of the valve.
On the opposite side of the crown or top of the main chamber or reservoir, and
on a central line with the center pipe aperture, and spherical pressure chamber and
valve, there is a projecting flanged opening, provided with an internal thread.
This opening serves the double purpose of filling or replenishing the reservoir, as
a ven, and by the stopper or plug being made in the form of an ordinary air
pressure chamber, it affords great elasticity to the contents contained within the
reservoir, and which are susceptible to any variation of the water pressure.
In the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1, shows a central vertical section of the invention and a portion of a
feed-water pipe, also in section.
Figure 2, is a front elevation.
Figure 3, is a vertical section similar to Fig. 1, but showing a modified form of
connecting the reservoir to the feed-water pipe.
Similar letters of reference refer to the same parts in the figures of the
drawing.
A, represents the feed-water pipe leading to a boiler not shown in the drawing.
B, shows the stop cock connected with the feed-water pipe A, and connected to the
inverted U-shaped pipe C, by the annular internally threaded flange a, formed
integrally with the pipe C. D. D, are openings in the pipe C, and formed with
the integral annular flanges D' D', and internal thread e, e, in which the screw
plug f, is screwed, securely closing the openings D, D. The end of the pipe C, is
provided with a flange d, fitting down inside of the annular threaded flanged
opening E, formed in the center of the crown or top of the cylindrical reservoir F,
and having any suitable packing g, interposed between its flange and the flange g',
of the pipe G, which descends through the reservoir or main chamber F, to a
distance beyond or below the opening or outlet H, of the cock J. The annular
flanged opening K at the center of the coned bottom or base of the reservoir F is
provided with the internal thread k into which is screwed a threaded plug L
provided with a tapering or conical end M, which is so fitted that by screwing in
the plug L, the conical or tapered end of the plug L enters the aperture or end
of the pipe G, and acts as a regulating valve to control the water pressure by
obstructing its passage at the base of the pipe G, and retarding its entrance to the
reservoir F. N is the annular threaded Hanged opening, forming a vent to the
reservoir vessel F and providing an opening whereby any ingredients desired to
be used or supplied to the reservoir F, this opening being securely sealed by means
of the hollow or air chambered plug N'. The vessel F has an integral flanged
projection for strength, and having an internal thread o provided near the outlet
or entrance of the vessel F, with a seated recess P, which retains in position a
filtering disc of wire gauze P¹ which is secured to its position by the threaded end
projection of the spherical chamber valve R. The spherical chamber valve R
is provided at the base of the chamber R¹ with a drain or blow off cocks and a

page_text: lateral externally threaded projection t, with a packing chambered recess t¹ and
a flanged gasket which is secured by the annular internally threaded cap T,
provided with its central aperture T¹ through which the screw threaded valve
rod W engages and operates the coned faced seated flanged valve W¹. At the
top of the pressure chamber R', a finely tapered outlet channel X' is formed
integrally with the pressure chambered valve R at the base of the externally
threaded cup b, provided with the gasket ring b¹ and internally threaded annular
cap n provided with a central aperture n¹ for the glass gauge tube h, which is
securely sealed and connected to the short end of the pipe C by an ordinary
coupling Z for glass gauges. By the particular form of the vessel F, having its
funnel shaped base, and the location of the blow off cock J, there is always
sufficient water left in the vessel to effectually seal the end of the pipe G, and
prevent any oil or other ingredients, which may be placed in the vessel F, when
refining, from entering the pipe G.
Having thus described the general construction of my invention, I will further
describe the operation of the same, and the effective advantages attained by the
special construction, combination, arrangement and location of the several parts.
After attaching the invention to the feed-water pipe A, the
pressure chamber
valve R is closed, the blow-off cock J, is also closed, and the air chambered
filling plug N¹ is removed. The main stop valve is then slightly opened, and
the water descends the pipe C on one side as far as the pressure chambered
valve R, filling the sight gauge glass, and on the other side, descending by the
pies C and G into the vessel F, sufficient water being allowed to enter so as
to form an effective water seal at the end of the pipe G. The valve B is then
closed and the oil or oily compound, or other agent, whose specific gravity is
less than that of water, is filled into the vessel or reservoir chamber F. This
part of the operation being finished, the air chamber plug N' is tightly screwed
in place, and the valve B is gradually opened until the full or desired pressure
of the water is allowed on the oil or compound A'. The valve R is then
opened and adjusted to permit the oil A¹ to filter through the wire gauze P
into the enlarged pressure chamber X of the valve R, the pressure in this valve
chamber being the same as that in the large reservoir F, the small quantity of
oil, etc., passing from the chamber F through the gauze may be divided into
several globules or parts, but by its natural affinity, assembles at the top of
the valve pressure chamber X and by the action of the water pressure in the
valve chamber, it passes through the tapering outlet X in an unbroken drop
or globule, thus ensuring every time, the full and exact quantity; a feature
that is not achieved by any of many devices known, and which have been
constructed for the same purpose as my invention. The valve R after being
adjusted for the proper discharge of the oil or agent employed, it is desirable
that the valve B should be left open to its fullest extent, to allow free egress
and passage of the agent used, and prevent any slight arrestation, or assembling
at that point; so, that this desirable feature may be attained, I provide a plug L
at the bottom of the reservoir F, and threaded, its end being sufficiently coned
or tapered to a point so that it may enter the mouth of the pipe G, as at M,
forming a valve, and by screwing this plug inwardly to any desired extent,
thus controlling the water pressure entering the vessel or reservoir F.
flanged and screw plugged opening D afford a simple and convenient means of
cleaning out the pipe C, or removing any articles that might enter the pipe
with the water, and that one which is located on the side nearest to gauge
glass affords the means of cleaning the glass tube without removal.
The
Another of the advantageous features of the invention is the location and
combination of the air chambered filling plug N', which affords a cushion for
any unevenness in the water pressure, and prevents all undue strain on the
machine, and avoids unequal pressure on the agent A' employed. An air
chamber has been employed in connection with the machine for the same purpose
as my invention, but the inventor distinctly states that he may dispense with

page_text: the air chamber. It is obvious that an air chamber located anywhere on a pipe
between the drop feeding devices or apparatus, will surely allow the congregation
of oil or agent of a similar gravity, to occur in undesirably large quantities, and
to efficiently aid, or possess any desirable and practical advantages, the air
chamber must be located so that no oil or other agent, after leaving the
regulating or measuring device, can possibly assemble within any part of it.
In Figure 3, I have shown two pipes 1 and 2 for connecting the reservoir to the
feed-water pipe A', and that is sometimes found advantageous as it prevents
foaming or air clogging of the oil in its passage from the reservoir to said feed-
water pipe, as the pipe 1 forms a "down-take" for the water pressure and flow, and
the pipe 2 forms an "up-take" for the oil; therefore, there are no opposing forces
in the same pipe, so that the oil will be permitted to freely pass to the feed-water
pipe A
Also I have placed the "draw-off" valve J' at the center of the bottom of the
reservoir, so as to more thoroughly empty said reservoir. And further I have
divided the air chamber n' and provided it with a removable cap 3, whereby said
chamber may act as a funnel for introducing oil to the reservoir when said cap is
removed. But the operation and functions of this modified form of my device is
similar in all other respects to the above description in connection with the other
figures.
In attaining the several objects and advantages of my invention, as described by
these Specifications and drawing describing my invention and its various mechanical
features, I am aware that some of the devices I use are not entirely new, as they
are used in many devious ways for widely different purposes, but, I claim the right
of their use and adoption in combination with my new and improved water pressure
feeder for boiler scaling preventatives, or as adapted or added to any other
machine now in use for the samé purpose."
Changes in the form and minor details of the general construction may be
resorted to without departing from the principles or sacrificing any of the advantages
of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
First. The improved water pressure feeder for feeding oil or scale preventatives
to boilers, comprising in its construction a funnel shaped bottomed reservoir F, and
the integral, annular flange and internal thread K, and threaded plug L, provided
with its conical end M; the blow-off cock J, located above the base outlet of
plug L; the air chambered filling plug N', aud flanged pipe G, and pipe C, with
the plug openings D D, glass gauge pipe h, and spherical pressure chamber valve R,
and filtering gauze disc P1, all in combination, operating substantially as shown and
described and for the purpose specified.
Second. In combination with the lubricant vessel F, the feed-water pipe C,
having the flanged openings D and internal thread e and screw plugs f, and the
flange d, and coupling d, attaching the pipe C to pipe G and provided with the
glass gauge coupling Z, and internally threaded flanged opening a, connecting
the pipe C with stop valve B, and connected to a feed-water pipe A, substantially
as shown and set forth.
Third. In combination with the lubricant vessel F, comprising in its construction
the pipe C, with its screw plug openings D, and connected to the boiler feed-water
pipe A by the stop valve B, and coupled by the coupling d', to the pipe G, inside
of the lubricant vessel F, having the adjustable coned and threaded plug L,
entering its lower end at M, and acting as a valve to check the water pressure from
the pipe G, substantially as shown and described.
Fourth. In combination with the lubricant vessel F, comprising in its construction
the opening for filling the vessel, and provided with the interiorially threaded
annular flange N, provided with the air chambered plug N', having a thread to
"

page_text: correspond with that of the flange N, and acting as a stopper plug to the vessel F,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fifth. In combination with the lubricant vessel F, comprising in its construction,
the pressure chambered valve R, having the enlarged pressure chamber ✗, and
provided with the integrally formed blow-off cock s, at the base of said chamber,
and provided with the integral projection t, having an external thread with which
the cap T engages, and an internal threaded portion w with which, and through
which the valve rod is screwed, and supplying the means of finely adjusting the
flange tapered end of the rod at W', and the externally threaded projection, having
at its opening the filtering gauze wire disc P¹, and securely attached to the
lubricating vessel F, by its internally X₁, formed integrally with the projecting
externally threaded flange, provided with the annular, internally threaded cap W,
provided with the opening n' and providing a union joint for the lower end of the
glass gauge tube h, formed integrally with the said enlarged pressure chambered
valve R, all combined, or operating substantially as shown and described and for
the purpose set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1895.
J. P. BAYLY,
18 Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for Applicant.