IM- PROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING FROM EXPLOSION LAMPS, CANS, AND HOLDERS CONTAINING PETROLEUM OR OTHER EXPLOSIVE LIQUID OR GAS.”
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pierre Jean Hendrix, of Zolder, near Hasselt, in
the Kingdom of Belgium, Proprictaire, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING FROM
EXPLOSION LAMPS, CANS, AND HOLDERS CONTAINING PETROLEUM OR OTHER
EXPLOSIVE LIQUID OR GAS.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pierre Jean Hendrix
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd March 1874.
I, PIERRE JEAN HENDRIX, of Zolder, near Hasselt, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Proprietaire, do hereby declare the nature of my said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING
FROM EXPLOSION LAMPS, CANS, AND HOLDERS CONTAINING PETROLEUM OR OTHER
EXPLOSIVE LIQUID OR GAS," to be as follows:-
$
My Invention is based upon the principle that inflamed gases are
cooled and ultimately extinguished when passing through the meshes of

page_text: closely woven wire gauze, and it relates to a novel application of the
said principle to lamps for burning petroleum or other explosive liquid,
with a view to prevent their explosion by securely isolating their
contents from the flame of the lamp, and also to the adaptation of
similar means of protection to cans and other vessels or barrels charged
with petroleum, naptha, alcohol, ether, sulphuret of carbon, inflam-
mable gases, and other explosive liquids, with a view to securely protect
their contents from external fire or flame. For this purpose I employ
a closely woven gauze or fabric of wire, asbestos, glass, mica, or other
incombustible materials.
.
In carrying out my Invention, as applied to a petroleum lamp, I
propose to completely surround the wick at the part where it dips into
the petroleum with a tubular wire gauze case either closed or opened
at its lower extremity, and securely cemented, soldered, or otherwise
attached at its upper extremity to the protruding wick holder. Or the
wire gauze case may be placed in the lamp itself in lieu of in the
burner, its lower extremity being either open or closed as desired, and its
upper extremity united by cement or other suitable means to the neck of
the lamp; or two cases may be employed simultaneously, one attached to
-the wick holder and the other to the body of the lamp.
In applying my Invention to a petroleum can I protect the contents
at the filling orifice by means of a wire gauze tube which is soldered,
cemented, or otherwise secured in the top of the vessel under a metal
washer into which a button or stopper is screwed, and at the spout by
a thimble disc or washer of wire gauze soldered, cemented, or otherwise
attached to its extremity, and which may be protected by a small
internal ring of metal or other suitable material.
The wire gauze may also be applied with advantage to the aperture
existing at the extremity of circular and other burners; by this means
the possibility of the flame or any ignited particle of the wick reaching
the reservoir through the aperture will be effectually prevented.
In lieu of the preceding arrangements a perforated metal tube may
be employed, or a tube composed partly of wire gauze applied as a disc or
washer, or in any other suitable manner for the purpose of isolating the
flame. This system of lamp also admits of the use of a wick com
posed of asbestos in substitution for the ordinary wick..
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.
filed by the said Pierre Jean Hendrix; in the Great. Seal Patent.
Office on the 21st September 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PIERRE
JEAN HENDRIX, of Zolder, near Hasselt, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Proprietaire, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her-
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Pierre Jean Hendrix, Her special
License that I, the said Pierre Jean Hendrix, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Pierre Jean Hendrix,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
witli, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during:
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, 'within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR PROTECTING OR PRESERVING FROM Ex--
PLOSION LAMPS, CANS, AND HOLDERS CONTAINING PETROLEUM OR OTHER EXPLOSIVE
LIQUID OR GAS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Pierre Jean Hendrix, my executors or administrators, by an instrument.
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the..
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great.
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pierre Jean Hendrix, do hereby.
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:
. My said Invention is based upon the principle that inflamed gases are
cooled and ultimately extinguished when passing through the meshes of
closely woven wire gauze, and it relates to a novel application of the

page_text: said principle to lamps for burning petroleum or other explosive liquid,
with a view to prevent their explosion by securely isolating their
contents from the flame of the lamp; and also to the adaptation of
similar means of protection to cans and other vessels or barrels charged
with petroleum, naptha, alcohol, ether, sulphuret of carbon, inflam-
mable gases, and other explosive liquids, with a view to securely protect
their contents from external fire or flame. For this purpose I employ
closely woven wire gauze or asbestos, or glass, mica, or other incom-
bustible materials.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures..
L
Figure 1 shews one method of applying the Invention to a petroleum :
lamp. a represents the holder or reservoir, and 6 the burner as usually
attached to the same by a screw; the wick c is completely surrounded at
the part where it dips into the petroleum by a tubular wire gauze case d,
either closed or opened at its lower extremity and securely cemented,
soldered, or otherwise attached at its upper extremity to the protruding
wick holder e. The shape and size of this tube may be varied according
to circumstances.
Figure 2 represents a similar lamp protected in a similar manner by
placing the wire gauze case d' in the lamp itself in lieu of in the
burner; its lower extremity being either opened or closed as desired,
and its upper extremity united by cement or other suitable means to the
neck of the lamp.
Figure 3 represents a similar lamp doubly protected by the simulta
neous application of the two cases above described, videlicet, one & to the
wick holder and the other d¹ to the body of the lamp itself.
Figure 4 represents in elevation an ordinary petroleum can, the
contents of which are protected at the filling orifice by means of a wire
gauze tube / soldered, cemented, or otherwise secured in the top of the
vessel underneath a metal washer i, into which washer there is screwed
the button or stopper k, and at the spout by a thimble m of wire
gauze soldered, cemented, or otherwise attached to its extremity, which
thimble may be protected by a small external ring n of metal or other
suitable material.

page_text: The wire gauze may also be applied with advantage to the aperture
existing at the extremity of circular and other burners. By this means
the possibility of the flame or any ignited particle of the wick reaching
the reservoir through the aperture will be effectually prevented.
The Invention may also be carried out by the use of a tube having
perforations, or composed partly of wire gauze applied either in the form
of a disc or washer, or in any other suitable manner for the purpose of
isolating the flame. The system of lamp, herein-before described, also
possesses the advantage of admitting of the use of a wick composed of
asbestos in substitution for the ordinary wick.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of
my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be
used or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I
consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. Protecting the contents of a lamp charged with petroleum or
other explosive liquid from explosion by means of a tubular wire case
or cases, or its or their equivalent, substantially in the manner herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The application of wire gauze cases or washers, or their
equivalents, to the orifices of reservoirs or vessels containing explosive
liquids or gases, for the purpose of preventing the explosion of such
liquids or gases, substantially as herein before described and illustrated
by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Jean Hendrix, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of
September One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
תזזת
TTT
ד בז מדזו
PIERRE JEAN HENDRIX. (L.S.)