IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT AND FOR THE RECEPTION OF URINE AND FECAL MATTER
Year: 1867

page_text: Tor The
on of IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT AND FOR THE RECEPTION OF URINE AND
FECAL MATTER."
Sealed the 21st April 1868, and dated the 24th October 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert. Weare at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th October 1867.
I, ROBERT WEARE, of Compton, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE TREATMENT AND FOR THE RECEPTION OF URINE AND
FECAL MATTER," to be as follows:-
As respects the treatment of urine and fecal matter the Invention
embraces the straining off or filtering the more liquid from the more solid
portions of urine and fecal matter through a receptacle lined with absorbing
and deodorizing or other materials, and into which both liquid and solid may
fall or be conducted, the object being to absorb the gasses, ammonia, and other
matters, and so preventing the escape of effluvia, and to make use of the
materials employed after they have absorbed such gasses, ammonia, and other
matters either alone or in combination with the frecal matter as deodorized
manure and the improved apparatus for or to be used in connection with the
above treatment consists in the receptacle being constructed with an external
case and an internal screen and with the absorbing or other material packed
or placed between them. The case may be of wood or other material with

page_text: a hole or holes or pipes for the escape of the liquid, and the screen of
guaze, wire, wood, earthenware, or perforated metal, and the absorbing packing
or material may be charcoal, soot, bone dust, lime, ashes, earth, or other
absorbent deodorizing material or materials, either alone or in combination, the
intention being that when the packing has become well charged with the
gasses or other matters it may be readily removed to be used without or in
combination with the solid fecal matter as manure.
Portions of the improved apparatus have reference to the. temporary
retention in the pan or vessel info which the matters are voided and without
creating a nuisance by such retention of the more solid matter or excrement,
and the discharge therefrom of the more liquid or of the surplus of such
more liquid matter. The said improved apparatus embraces commodes or
closets constructed with double pans or vessels, that is to say, with an external
case surrounding an internal pan, the internal pan for the direct reception of
both solid and liquid and the external case for the surplus liquid, suflicient
space between them being left for this purpose, and particularly the com-
munication between the two being established by a water trapped orifice or
orifices. The case and pan may be of earthenware, metal, glazed metal, or
other material and the water trap be formed by an external projecting gutter
or channel on the internal pan at about the intended (inner) water level,
with holes through the sides of the pan into such channel or gutter a little
below the level of the lip of the said projecting gutter or channel.
Also the said improved apparatus embraces fitting together the external
case when of metal and the internal pan when of earthenware or glazed
metal by means of a packing of varnished or japanned cloth interposed
between a ring or belt or seating of metal on the interior of the external case
and the exterior surface of the internal pan. The ring or belt may con-
veniently be somewhat narrower than the width of the strip or piece of
packing and be carried by a diaphragm in the case enclosing or covering over
the liquid which may have passed into it. An opening must be formed in
the outer case for emptying it. The several improvements so far as
circumstances admit may be used separately or in combination.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Weare in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th April 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
WEARE, of Compton, in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of October, in the year of our
Lord Oue thousand eight. hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first ycht
of Her reign. did. for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me. the said Robert Weare, Her special licence, that I, the said Robert
Weare, my executors. administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Robert Weare, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND IN APPARATUS, FOR, THE TREATMENT AND FOR THE RECEPTION OF URINE AND
FECAL MATTER." upon the condition (amongst others) that 1, the said Robert
Weare, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Weare, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
1. employ for the reception and treatment of urine and faecal matter a
vessel by preference of a cylindrical form and closed at the top and bottom.
Within this vessel is an inner lining, it may be conveniently of perforated
zinc, the sides of the vessel are thus double and the space enclosed is packed
full of powdered charcoal and dry earth, or other deodorizing powder. The
soil pipe from an ordinary closet pan is connected with the top of the vessel,
so that the urine and fecal matter from the pan are discharged into the
interior of the vessel. The more fluid matters then filter through the
deodorizing material into channels which are formed for it against the outer
sides of the vessel, and which are perforated, and these channels lead the fluid
matters to a small pipe connected with the bottom of the vessel and with
a drain.
Figure 1 is a side view, and Figure 2 a vertical section of an apparatus thus
constructed.
a, a, is a cylindrical vessel, it may be of galvanized iron, say of about three
the soil nina Ian

page_text: closet pan,
is connected with the vessel a by a screw coupling, as is shown.
a', a', are the
or a flexible connecting tube of india-rublier, may be used.
Perforated passages passing down the sides of the vessel a and communicating
with other passages, a, passing across the bottom of this vessel: is a
small pipe leading into a drain, and adapted by a screw coupling with the
bottom of the chamber a, and communicating with the passages : is a
cylinder of perforated zinc or other suitable material, and into the space
between a and d the deodorizing material, which is finely pulverized, is closely
packed. The fluid portions of the matters discharged into the vessel a by the
soil pipe filter through the deodorizing material into the passages a' and
then pass by the pipe c to the drain, whilst the solid matters are retained for
use as manure. The passages a' are open at the top so that should at any
tiute the vessel a become charged more rapidly than the matter is able to pass
away by filtration it may, when the vessel becomes filled overflow freely by these
passages. The deodorizing material which I prefer to employ consists of a
mixture of one part of finely pulverized charcoal and two parts of thoroughly
dried earth, also in fine powder, other deodorizing powders may however be
employed. When the vessel a becomes filled, or nearly so, with solid fecal
matter which will usually be the case after some months, more or less according
to circumstances, it is removed and another similar vessel is at once substituted
for it. The charged vessel having been removed to some suitable place is
emptied both of the fecal matter and of the deodorizer; these are thoroughly
mixed together and dried either by artificial heat or otherwise. The material
is crushed fine and passed through sieves and then is suitable for use as a
manure; it is entirely free from offensive odour.
I claim, as respects this part of my Invention, the treatment of urine and
fecal matter by discharging the same into a close vessel containing a filtering
layer of deodorizing material, through which the more fluid parts pass to n
drain, whilst the solid matters are retained.
And also claim the arranging apparatus as above described for the
reception and treatment of urine and fecal matter.
Another part of my Invention relates to the construction of a commode
or apparatus for the reception of urine and faecal matter. I employ for this
purpose a pan, by preference of earthenware, supported by a pail or vessel,
conveniently of metal, into which the pan is set with a tight joint all round.
Above this joint is a gutler for containing water to make an air-tight closing
with the cover of the pan which has a flange to dip into the water in this gutter.
The earthenware or other pan has perforations in its side which make com-
munication between the pan and the lower part of the pail below the joint.

page_text: There is a lip on the exterior of the pan to hold water suflicient to cover the
perforations and so make a gas-tight joint. The pan is in the first instance
filled with water up to the level of the perforations, and then any matter
discharged into it will not raise the level of the water but will cause an over-
flow into the pail below. There are screw plugs or orifices fitted with suitable
closing instruments let into the side of the pail: one below and the other above
the joint forming the connection with the pan, the one serves to draw off liquid
from the lower part of the pail, and the other serves to draw off the water
from the water joint of the cover.
Figure 3 is a side view, and Figure 4 a vertical section of such an apparatus.
a. a. is the exterior pail or vessel with its handle a': b is an earthenware pan
set into it; the pan at its smallest part is wrapped round with a tape saturated
with japanners' varnish, and round this a band of stout tin plate is tightly
drawn and soldered up, and there is also soldered to it the flange c', which at
its outer edge is similarly fixed to the inner side of the pail. Above the
flange c' is the water joint for the pan cover d, and e is an internal lip on the
pail to keep the water in this joint when the pan b is emptied; and fare
the screw plugs for drawing off the water from the lower part of the pail
and from the water joint of the cover respectively: bare overflow perfora-
tions in the side of the pan d, and is a lip on the pan to keep these
perforations trapped.
claim, as respects this part of my lnvention, the general arrangement
of commodes or apparatus to receive urine and focal matters as above
described.
I also claim the making an air-tight joint between the pan and the pail of
the commode or receptacle in the manner described.
In witness whereof, 1, the said Robert Weare, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
ROBERT WEARE. (L.S.)