An Improved Process and Apparatus for Milking Cows.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 14th Oct., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process and Apparatus for Milking Cows.
We, GEORG SUMSGLÜSS, of 17, Ruterswordstrasse, Hanover, Merchant, and
GEORG DASEKING, of 179, Celler Chaussee, Hanover, Manufacturer, both in the
Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the milking of cows and has for its object a novel
construction of apparatus by which an altogether new and effective milking of
cows is carried out on scientific lines.
The invention is based upon the fact that milking is more easily carried on
if the teats are kept moist and warm, and it is in the means for moistening the
teat and constantly surrounding it with warm air during the process of milking
that our invention lies. The air is moreover previously purified, so that the
milk and the teat come in contact with only the purest air free from bacteria.
The invention will be described in connection with a particular construction
of vacuum milking machine, but it may be applied to any existing milking
apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the apparatus, Fig. 1ª a modified form of milk-
controlling float, Fig. 2 a view of the apparatus applied to the vacuum milking
machine, Fig. 3 a sectional view of the air-controlling cock by which the vacuum
is produced, and Fig. 4 a sectional view of the milk and air pipes connected with
the teat vessel.
The suction pump A is, by means of the pipe c, in connection with the vessel B
in which the vacuum is primarily produced. The vessel B is suspended in the
milk reservoir B', and the milk flows from it through the valve B2 into the milk
reservoir B. In consequence of this separate vacuum vessel the suction action
can be rapidly strengthened or weakened, and moreover a closing of the cocks
whilst the milk machine is being fitted on is rendered unnecessary.
To prevent the liquid from overflowing through the pipe c into the pump when
the vessel B becomes too full a valve lid K with a float L is attached. As soon
as the liquid comes into contact with the float L it raises it, and the float forces
the lid K against the opening of the pipe c. The vacuum then draws the lid
so tightly against this opening that it is completely sealed.
The tube or pipe e is provided with a cock and as soon as the liquid is run off
this cock is opened, and when the air enters the lid is again drawn back by means
of the float L.
Instead of a valve lid with a float a cock with a float may be used, Fig. 1.
When the liquid has, in this case, reached the maximum height, the float Lis
raised and opens the cock H, so that air enters and dispels the vacuum.
liquid runs off and the float sinking down closes the cock again.
The
The vacuum vessel B is in connection with the milk apparatus C, which consists
of two inner and outer air-tight vessels e¹ and m, by means of the double three-way
cock g, so that on turning the cock g the inner space c¹ and the outer space_m
are alternately brought into connection with the vacuum vessel B through the

page_text: intervening pipes o and t, Fig. 2. In consequence of this alternately produced
vacuum the teat is pulled up and down against the friction rollers f, and the
udder at the same time massaged by being rubbed gently up and down against
the sides of its spring receptacle c, covered with an air-permeable covering to
protect the udder, so that the milk squirts out. The valve arrangement g need
not necessarily be a double three-way cock but any suitable device may be
employed.
The passage U to the inner air tight vessel c is divided into two ways, the
milk way D, and the air way p, which are respectively closed by lipped valves d
and . The valve d in the milk tube D opens away from the teat vessel c¹, while
the valve k in the air pipe p opens towards it. When the way U is connected
with the outer air, the air streams through the valve k and the pipe p into the
upper part of the teat vessel c¹ at 1, whereupon some of the milk, contained in
the cock and the pipe, is taken up by it and squirted against the teat. The air
thus circulates continually round the inside of the vessel c¹. The lipped valve d
in the milk pipe D turned away from the receptacle prevents the air from pene-
trating through this valve into the milk tube D. Further this valve, which
prevents the outer air from forcing itself into the teat vessel from below, compels
the outer air to take the way through the air pipe p, and to enter at the top
into the said vessel.
As the outer air when streaming rapidly against the teat, especially when the
teat is moist, produces a sensation of cold, warm air must be introduced into the
teat vessel. To enable this to be done the warming apparatus E is provided,
Fig. 1 which is in connection by means of the pipe Z with the way i, Fig. 2,
which connects the upper way g' of the cock g with the outer air. Under the
bottom of this warming apparatus E a flame w burns. In the space over the
bottom there is water or formalin which vaporizes and produces expansion in
the space, as the way out at g is closed by a valve. The safety valve s prevents
the pressure in the warming apparatus E from becoming too great.
As soon as the cock g is so adjusted that the way i, Fig. 2, is in connection
with the teat vessel c', the warm air circulates from the space through the
pipe Z, way i, and air pipe p into the teat vessel dat 7. Simultaneously as much
outer air is admitted into the warming apparatus E through the valve y as passes
off into the teat vessel c¹. The air is cleansed as much as possible in front of
the entrance to the warming apparatus E, so that, after the water and formalde-
hyde vapour have effected the destruction of the bacteria in the warming appara-
tus E, only pure air can reach the teat vessel c¹.
To cleanse the air before it enters into the vessel E a vessel containing any
desirable filtering material is placed in front of the air-entrance valve y, through
which the air must pass and which removes impurities from the air.
In order that the milk which circulates to the teat through the air pipe and
squirts against it (which milk has become considerably cooled in consequence
of flowing through the metal parts) may be warmed again the air pipe p must
take into and pass through the milk pipe D, as shown in Fig. 4. The air pipe p
is consequently warmed by the milk surrounding it in the milk pipe, and imparts
warmth to the milk circulating, through it to the teat. By means of this inserted
pipe p the awkwardness of having so many pipes about the apparatus is avoided.
In this apparatus therefore the udder and the milk are completely excluded
from without and only come into contact with air free from bacteria. Moreover
the cock may be connected with the air warming apparatus so that only pure
and warm air reaches the outer vessel m also.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is: -
First. In milking cows, treating the teats with warm moist air in an enclosed
vessel, substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth

page_text: Second. In a milking machine, the means for producing and carrying the
warm moist air to the enclosed vessel containing the teat, substantially as and
for the purpose described and set forth.
Third. In a milking machine as set forth, the combination of the teat vessel c¹,
milk and air pipes D, 2, respectively entering the said vessel at bottom and top,
oppositely directed valves d, k, in said pipes, three-way cut-off cock g for opening
pipes D, p, to vacuum vessel B, and pipe Z for conveying warm air to said cock,
through way i, substantially as described and set forth."
Fourth. In a milking machine as set forth, arranging the milk and air pipes
D, P, communicating respectively with the bottom and top of the teat vessel c',
in such a way that the air pipe passes for a distance through the milk pipe D,
substantially as and for the purpose described and set forth."
Fifth. In a milking machine as set forth the combination with a vacuum vessel
B, communicating with a suction pump A, of a milk-controlling float L and valve
lid K or cock H, whereby an overflow of milk is prevented from entering the said
vessel, substantially as described and set forth in Figs. 1 and 1º.
Sixth. The general arrangement, construction, and fitting of the parts, sub-
stantially as described and set forth.
Dated this oru day of rebruary 1099.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
11, Burlington Chambers, New Street, Birmingham,
Also of Liverpool, London and Manchester,
Patent Agents for the Applicants.