Year: 1886

page_text: I WILLIAM ARCHIBALD MURRAY, Royal Colonial Institute, Northumberland
Avenue, London, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
.
I claim to attach convex-concave revolving disk coulters to specially made or
suitable existing drill cultivators in the manner & for the purposes hereinafter
explained.
2nd. The shanks which carry these coulters are to be so attached by clips or
otherwise to the frames or arms of the cultivators that they may be adjusted to any
depth, wedth of drill or to any angle to the line of drill & rows of plants.
When hoeing the earth from the plants the convex side will be next them & the
disk will be set to any required angle from the rows of plants.
:
When hoeing the earth to or "setting up "the plants the concave side will be next
them & the angle will be reversed.
Between the convex-concave coulters, the ordinary tines or cutters may be preceded
by ordinary disk-coulters which by a lever attached to the top of their shank may help
in steering & turning & also cutting.
The cultivators may bave wheels & may have levers to lift the hoes & coulters out
of the ground.
3rd. One or more drills may be hoed at one time & the cultivators may be
adjusted & used to cross the drills or rows of plants so as to thin or gap them to any
required distance apart.
Dad thin with wave of Anonat 1886-

page_text: I, WILLIAM ARCHIBALD MURRAY, of The Royal Colonial Institute, Northumberland
Avenue, in the county of Middlesex, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and, in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in or applicable to drill cultivators and the
invention consists mainly in the application to drill cultivating implements constructed
as hereinafter described or to suitable existing drill cultivating implements of concavo-
convex revolving disc coulters.
In carrying out my invention the shanks which carry my disc coulters are so
attached by clips or otherwise to the frames or arms of the cultivator that they can
be adjusted to any required depth, to the width of the drill or to any required angle
with the drill and rows of plants.
In order to hoe the earth away from the plants the convex side of the revolving
coulters is presented towards the row of plants the coulters being for this purpose set
to any required angle with the said row.
'
In order to hoo up the earth to or "set up" or "hill up" the plants the concave
side of the coulters is presented towards the row of plants and the angle of the coulters
is reversed.
Between the rows of plants the ordinary tines, hoes, broad shares or cutters may
be preceded by ordinary disc coulters and bevelled wheels may be employed to support
the cultivator, the said wheels gripping the sides of the drill ridges and so guiding
the cultivator, suitable levers being provided for lifting the coulters and cutters out
of the ground. One or more drills or rows of plants can be operated on at one time
and the cultivators can be adjusted so that they can be used to cross the drills or rows
of plants transversely and thereby thin or gap them to any required distance apart.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how the
same can be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawing in which
figure 1 is a plan and figure 2 a side elevation of suitably constructed cultivating
implement provided with two sets of my concavo-convex revolving disc coulters the
latter being shown in the position they occupy when hoeing the earth away from the
rows of plants. Figure 3 represents a plan view of the concavo-convex disc coulters
in the position which they occupy when "setting up" or "hilling up" the plants.
Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
a, a, a, a, represent my concavo-convex revolving disc coulters which I pivot at b, b,
b, b, to shanks c, c, c, c, placed in sockets d, d, d, d, carried by arms e, e, e, e,
adjustably fixed to shafts or spindles f,f, working in brackets g, 9, 9, 9, fixed to double
bars h, h; the shanks c, are adjustable in the sockets d, for the purpose of setting the
coulters a, to the required angle and depth; i, is a set screw for fixing the shanks
when they have been so adjusted; the arms e, can be moved along the shaft or
spindle, when required to regulate the distance between the coulters; a¹, a¹, are set

page_text: screws for fixing them when they have been adjusted; ;, is the front draw bar formed
double like the bars h, and between these double bars work single flat bars k, k, k, k,
to and between which they are pivotted by pins or bolts 1, 1, 1, 1, a number of holes
being provided in the front bar j, to receive the pins or bolts 1, 1, in order to allow of
the position of the bars k, being adjusted to suit the distance between the drills or
rows of plants. By pivotting the bars k, to the double bars j and h, a parallel motion
is given to the bars h, in relation to the bar j, and by this means a certain lateral
motion can be given to the coulter frames in order that they shall adapt themselves to,
or follow the unevenness of the drill ridges or rows of plants where the latter are
crooked or irregular. m, m, m, m, are the carrying wheels which can advantageously
be employed for supporting the implement, a portion of the periphery of the said
wheels being bevilled which portions by bearing on the sides of the ridges serve to
assist in guiding the implement. The wheels m, m, are supported and revolve on
pins n, n, carried by shanks o, o, which pass through sockets p, p, in the brackets g,g,
in which sockets the shanks are adjustably fixed by set screws q, q. To the
spindles, are fixed the handles r, 7, of the implement. 8, is a swivelling draught-
wheel carried by a shank t, and fixed by a set screw u, to the frame of the implement ;
v, v, are rods pivotted at w, w, to the front bar.j, the opposite end of the said bars
being provided with hooks,, adapted to take onto pins or catches y, y, on the
handler, in order to further regulate the depth of the concavo-convex discs a, or to lift
them entirely out of the ground. Side cutters can if required be attached to the
arms e, e, and an arm pivotted at z, can serve to carry a broad share, the latter being
The said side cutters, arm, share and
preceded or not by an ordinary disc coulter.
disc coulter are not shewn in the drawing.
By this construction, the bars k, having been adjusted to suit the distances between
the drills or rows of plants, and the depth to which the coulters are to work having
been adjusted in the manner herein before described, if it be required to hoe the earth
away from the plants the coulters a, are fixed in the position shewn in figure land the
implement being drawn along, the coulters a, will be caused to revolve by contact with
the earth and will at the same time hoe the earth from the sides of the rows of
plants A. If on the other hand it be required to "set up" or "hill up" the plants,
the position or angle of the coulters a, must be altered as illustrated in figure 3, when
it will be obvious that the earth instead of being removed from the rows of plants will
be banked up against the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1. The use in combination with a suitable drill cultivator of one or more sets of
concavo-convex revolving discs or coulters one of the discs being arranged to
operate upon each side of the rows of plants so as to hoe the earth away from the
plants or towards the roots of the plants substantially as herein before described.
2. The improved drill cultivator hereinbefore described and represented in the
accompanying drawing.