IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH LOOSE REEDS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM WARRINGTON of Fairfield Mills Droylsden in the County of Lancaster
Manager do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
CONNECTED WITH LOOSE REEDS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING TERRY FABRICS
to be as follows :—
This invention relates to the construction of that class of looms which are
employed for weaving looped or terry fabrics (such as Turkish towels for example)
by means of a loose reed, and more particularly to that part of such looms as is
employed for locking and unlocking the loose reed at the required intervals.
This has been effected by means of bell crank levers, the vertical arms of which
pressed against the reed frame and the horizontal arms were either raised or
depressed as required by means of inclined planes which were caused to act either
below them for unlocking the reed or above them for locking the same by means
either of an oscillating rod or a sliding bar actuated by means of a cam.
This cam
was usually so formed and driven as to leave the reed loose whilst three picks of
weft were put in and then to lock the reed and drive these picks home so as to
throw the terry warp threads up into loops and it will be evident that if any
change were required in the pattern a new cam would have to be made specially,
and that even then a very limited number of changes could be made in consequence
of the size of the cam that would be required.
A demand having arisen in the trade for a very much more extended range of
patterns than could heretofore be produced, my invention has been designed to
effect the desired object and it consists principally in the employment of a tappet
chain made with "risers" and "fallers" and so connected to the sliding bar or
oscillating rod as to cause the inclined planes to lock and unlock the loose reed by
means of the bell crank levers in the order and at the intervals required by the
particular pattern of looped or terry fabric to be produced.
The particular mechanism by means of which the "risers" and "fallors" of the
tappet chain are caused to act upon the sliding locking bar or oscillating locking
rod may be considerably varied without departing from the distinctive features of
my invention as above set forth as will be readily understood by any competent
mechanic but I will here describe for the sake of illustration an arrangement of
mechanism which I have found to answer the purpose well.

page_text: On the tappet shaft I key a small bevil pinion driving a bevil wheel keyed on a
transverse shaft, at the other end of which is fixed a notched barrel over which
works the tappet chain above mentioned.
Working on the tappet chain is a bowl carried by a vertical slide moving in a
fixed bracket so that the slide works up and down as the "risers" and "fallers" of 5
the tappet chain pass beneath the bowl.
At the upper end of this slide is an inclined plane acting against a bowl or finger
carried by the sliding locking bar (which locks or unlocks the reed) so as to cause
the bar to move endwise whenever a "riser" on the pattern chain passes beneath
the bowl. A spiral spring gives the return movement and holds the bar in the
reverse position between the "risors."
On the vertical slide is also fixed a finger or projection which acts on a rod
provided with a small lever, which whenever the reed is locked fast and the loom
is weaving plain cloth without the terry or loops raises the taking-up-catch about
every third pick, or as often as may be requisite so as to stop the taking up of the
cloth and thus put in more weft picks in the plain part than in the terry.
The same lever which holds the sliding locking bar fast when it is desired to
weave a plain heading also puts this catch lifting arrangement into action.
It will be evident that the above described mechanism for acting on the sliding
locking bar is also equally applicable to the oscillating locking rod previously
referred to.

page_text: I WILLIAM WARRINGTON of Fairfield Mills Droylsden in the County of Lancaster
Manager do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
CONNECTED WITH LOOSE REEDS EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING TERRY
FABRICS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the construction of that class of looms which are
employed for weaving looped or terry fabrics (such as Turkish towels for example)
by means of a loose reed, and more particularly to that part of such looms as is
employed for locking and unlocking the loose reed at the required intervals.
This has been effected by means of bell crank levers, the vertical arms of which
pressed against the reed-frame and the horizontal arms were either raised or
depressed as required by means of inclined planes which were caused to act either
below them for unlocking the reed or above them for locking the same, by means
either of an oscillating rod or a sliding bar actuated by means of a cam.
was usually so formed and driven as to leave the reed loose whilst three picks of
This cam
weft were put in and then to lock the reed and drive these picks home so as to
throw the terry warp threads up into loops, and it will be evident that if any
change were required in the pattern a new cam would have to be made specially
and that even then a very limited number of changes could be made, in consequence
of the size of the cam that would be required.
A demand having arisen in the trado for a very much more extended range of
patterns than could heretofore be produced, my invention has been designed to
effect the desired object and it consists principally in the employment of a tappet
chain made with "risers "
and "fallers" and so connected to the sliding bar or
oscillating rod as to cause the inclined planes to lock and unlock the loose reed by
means of the bell crank levers in the order and at the intervals required by the
particular pattern of looped or terry fabric to be produced.
Fig. 1. on the drawing annexed to this Specification represents a vertical section
of part of a loom showing the application of my invention to a sliding locking bar
and Fig. 2 is a front view of my improved apparatus. a, a is part of the frame
of the loom b, b the lathe or slay, c, c the crank-shaft and d, d the tappet shaft.
On the tappet shaft d, d I key a small bevil pinion e, e driving a bevil wheel f, f
keyed on a transverse shaft g, g at the other end of which is fixed a notched
barrel h, h over which works the tappet chain i, i above mentioned.
Working on the tappet chain is a bowl k, k carried by a vertical slide 1, 2 moving
na fixed bracket m, m so that the slide l, I works up and down as the "risers
and "fallers" of the tappet chain i, i pass beneath the bowl k, k.
At the upper end of this slide 1, is an inclined plane n, n acting against
bowl o, o (or a finger) carried by the sliding locking bar p, p (which locks or
blocks the reed q, q) so as to cause the bar p, p to move end wise whenever a
riser" on the pattern chain i, i passes beneath the bowl o, o. A spiral spring r, r
ives the return movement and holds the bar p, p in the reverse position between
he "risers."
On the vertical slide 1, 2 is also fixed a finger or projection 8, 8 which acts through
lever 8, 8 on a small rod t, t which whenever the reed is locked fast and the
om is weaving plain cloth (without the terry or loops) raises the taking-up
atch u, u about every third pick or as often as may be requisite so as to stop the
aking up of the cloth and thus put in more weft picks in the plain part than in
he terry.

page_text: The same hand lever v, v, which holds the sliding locking bar p, p fast when it
is desired to weave a plain heading also puts this catch lifting arrangement into
action by means of the connecting rod w, w.
It will be evident that the above described mechanism for acting on the sliding
locking bar is also equally applicable to the oscillating locking rod previously
referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First In terry looms of the loose reed class the combination of a tappet chain
driven direct by bevil gear from the tappet shaft, with a vertical slide acting direct
upon the sliding or oscillating locking bar substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before set forth and
Secondly-In such looms I claim the combination with such vertical slide of the
mechanism shown and described for the purpose of lifting the taking up catch out
of gear so as to stop the taking-up at the required intervals.
GEORGE DAVIES,
Agent for the Applicant,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.