IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FANCY YARN
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Leedham Binns, of Oakenshaw Low Moor, in the County
"
of York, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FANCY YARN."
Sealed the 3rd May 1878, and dated the 6th November 1877. .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Leedham Binns at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1877.
LEEDHAM BINNS, of Oakenshaw Low Moor, in the County of York, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF FANCY YARN.'
" "
ور
This Invention relates to improved machinery or apparatus to be employed in
the manufacture of fancy yarn, known as "knob'd" yarn, or varied twist yarn, the
latter being a yarn around which another yarn or thread is spirally wound or
twisted for a distance; then by continued twisting at one point a
❝ knob or varied
twist is formed, and this repeated at intervals; also "slubbed "yarn, the latter
being a yarn having a thicker and thinner parts at intervals, formed by attenuating
portions of the roving, or the thicker portions are formed by the addition of other
fibre at intervals.
The machinery or apparatus, according to this my Invention for the manufacture
of yarns as described, is so constructed as to time and speed the transit of the yarn
from the supply bobbins to the drawing rollers and flyer (or other spinning contri-
vance) and bobbin that the "knobs," the varied twist, and the "slubs "may be
produced at regular or irregular intervals or distances apart.
In the manufacture of knobed yarn or varied twist yarn I employ apparatus
similar to an ordinary trap twister, and in conjunction therewith a vane or eccentric
wing, around which the main or core yarn is passed, the yarn or thread for forming
the knobbing being mounted conveniently to the position of the vane or wing
referred to. As the vane or wing rotates around its axis it gives or parp out, during
one portion of its revolution, a length of the core yarn, around which the outer

page_text: thread is wound or twisted spirally by reason of the rotation of the core yarn.
During another portion of the rotation of the vane or eccentric wing the core yarn
is stationary or nearly so; the twisting of the outer thread then by accumulation
results in the "knob or varied twist, and so on at each revolution of the vane or
wing.
"2
For varying the distances or relative positions of the "knobs" or varied twist I
employ expanding and contracting vanes or wings and traversing pins for tem-
porally taking up a portion of the yarn as delivered by the vanes or wings, or stud
wheels, the studs of which operate levers and pauls, the latter acting upon catch
wheels on the axles of the drawing rollers, or by star wheel motion.
For producing the "slub" yarn I employ the vane or eccentric wing as before,
but having an additional smaller outer vane or wing, so that as the larger vane
or eccentric wing draws the supply of roving the "slub" or thick part of the yarn
is produced. The smaller vane or wing then acts upon the roving, but by reason of
the decreased supply of roving the latter is attenuated or drawn out to a greater
degree, making the thinner part of the "slub" yarn.
A central or core thread of cotton or other fibre may be employed in the manu-
facture of the slub yarn.
Expanding and contracting vañes, or eccentric wings and traversing pins, or stud
wheels and levers, the latter acting on the "back" rollers, may be employed for pro-
ducing the "slubs" at irregular intervals.
For producing a slub yarn, upon which the "slub" is formed by twisting a
length of another (detached) roving or fibre around the core thread, I employ the
vane or eccentric wing (as described); the latter pays out the roving or additional
fibre to the core thread and drawing rollers; the latter by reason of their greater
speed attach a portion of the roving or fibre, which becomes by the action of the
flyer or other spinning contrivance twisted around the core thread. The wing or
eccentric vane on its next revolution will again place the end of the roving within
reach of the drawing rollers, whereon the like detaching and twisting of a portion
of the roving around the core thread takes place.
For producing more than one colour of "knob" or of "slub" on a single thread
a number of vanes or eccentric wings corresponding to the number of colors required
will be employed.
Each vane or eccentric, wings may rotate around its own axis, or a number of
such vanes or wings may be attached to and rotate around one shaft.
The apparatus described is equally applicable for spinning and knobbing at the
same time or operation, or for knobbing upon yarn previously spun.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Leedham Binns in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th May
1878.
LEEDHAM BINNS, of Oakenshaw Low Moor, in the County of York, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF FANCY YARN."
"
This Invention relates to improved machinery or apparatus to be employed in
the manufacture of fancy yarn known as "knob'd" yarn or varied twist yarn, the
latter being a yarn around which another yarn or thread is spirally wound or
twisted for a distance; then by continued twisting at one point a "knob or varied
twist is formed, and this repeated at intervals; also "slubbed " yarn, the latter
being a yarn having thicker and thinner parts at intervals, formed by attenuating
portions of the roving, or the thicker portions are formed by the addition of
other fibre at intervals.
The machinery or apparatus, according to this my Invention for the manufacture
of yarns as described, is so constructed as to time and speed the transit of the yarn
from the supply bobbins to the drawing rollers and flyer (or other spinning contri-
vance) and bobbin, that the "knobs," the varied twist, and the "slubs "
produced at regular or irregular intervals or distances apart.
may be
In the manufacture of knob'd yarn or varied twist yarn I employ apparatus similar
to an ordinary trap twister, and in conjunction therewith a vane or eccentric wing,
around which the main or core yarn is passed, the yarn or thread forming the
knobbing being mounted conveniently to the position of the vane or wing referred
to. As the vane or wing rotates around its axis it gives or pays out, driving one
portion of its revolution, a length of the core yarn, around which the outer thread is
wound or twisted spirally by reason of the rotation of the core yarn. During
another portion of the rotation of the vane or eccentric wing the core yarn is
stationary or nearly so; the twisting of the outer thread then by accumulation
results in the "knob" or varied twist, and so on at each revolution of the vane or
wing.
For varying the distances or relative positions of the knobs or varied twist I
employ expanding and contracting vanes or wings and traversing pins for tem-
porally taking up a portion of the yarn as delivered by the vanes or wings or stud
wheels, the studs of which operate levers and pawls, the latter operating upon catch
wheels on the axles of the driving rollers of trap twister, or drawing rollers of
spinning and twisting frame, or by star wheel motion.
For producing the "slub" yarn I employ the vane or eccentric wing as before,
but having additional and smaller outer vane or wing, so that as the larger vane or
eccentric wing draws the supply of roving the "slub" or thick part of the yarn is
produced; the smaller vane or wing then acts upon the roving, but by reason of the
decreased supply of roving the latter is attenuated or drawn out to a greater degree,
making the thinner part of the "slub" yarn.
A central or core thread of cotton or other fibre may be employed in the manu-
facture of the slub yarn.
Expanding and contracting vanes, or eccentric wings and pins, or stud wheels or
levers, the latter acting on the "back" rollers, may be employed for producing the
slubs at irregular intervals.
For producing a slub yarn upon which the "slub" is formed by twisting a length
of another (detached) roving or fibre around the core thread, I employ the vane or
eccentric wing (as described); the latter pays out the roving or additional fibre to
the core thread and drawing rollers; the latter by reason of their greater speed
detach a portion of the roving or fibre, which becomes by action of the flyer or
other spinning contrivance twisted around the core thread. The wing or eccentric
vane on its next revolution will again place the end of the roving within reach of

page_text: the drawing rollers, whereon the like detaching and twisting of
roving around the core thread takes place.
portion of the
For producing more than one color of "knob," or of "slub" on a single thread a
number of vanes or eccentric wings corresponding to the number of colors required
will be employed.
Each vane or eccentric wing may rotate around its own axis, or a number of such
vanes or wings may be attached to and rotate around one shaft.
The apparatus described is equally applicable for spinning and knobbing at one
and the same time or operation.
In order that the Invention may be fully understood I have hereunto annexed 2.
Sheets of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the several views or Figures
with letters of reference, like letters referring to like parts in the several views
or Figures.
وو
Description of Fig. 1, shewing elevation of apparatus employed for manufacture
of "knob'd yarn
or varied twist yarn. At A is the bobbin containing the yarn on
which the knobs are to be formed. The yarn passes from the bobbin A to and
around the eccentric vane B, thence by way of the top board C to the flyer D. At
E is a bobbin containing the thread or yarn to be used for forming the knobs.
Rotary motion is given to the eccentric vane B by bands from the ordinary tin
working roller, or other driving appliance.
The action is as follows:-During one portion of each revolution of the eccentric
vane B the yarn will be freely drawn from the bobbin A.; the other half revolution
will be comparatively inactive, that is to say, will draw but a short length of yarn
from the supply A. The knobbing thread E is by the action of the flyer D on the
yarn A twisted round the yarn A. When the active portion of the eccentric B is
an operation the knobbing yarn E will be twisted spirally around the yarn A, but
when the other half of the eccentric is in operation, the paying out of yarn A being
almost suspended, the knobbing yarn E will be concentrated and wound at one
place, forming the "knob."
At Fig. 2 like apparatus is shewn, with addition of a laterally traversing rail F
(operated by heart or eccentric), and provided with guide eye G, through which the
yarn A passes. The action of the rail F carries the yarn A against the stop pins H,
forming a loop and taking up the yarn; and as the yarn is so taken up at or during
varying relative positions of the eccentric vane B, the "knob will be wound or
formed at irregular intervals on the yarn A.
At Fig. 3 is shewn like apparatus for manufacture of knob yarn, in which, in
lieu of flyer, the wheel or wheels J are employed for wrapping the yarn E. When
two wheels and bobbins are used the wheels must be driven in opposite directions,
and there may be more than one bobbin on each wheel.
•
Fig. 4 shews apparatus employed for manufacture of "slub" yarn. The eccentric
vane B takes an irregular supply or length of roving from the bobbin A, which
supply is acted upon by the drawing rollers K. When the supply is limited the
action of the drawing rollers K is to attenuate and draw out to a thinner yarn.
Fig. 5 shews apparatus for manufacture of slub yarn by addition of another fibre
twisted around a core thread. At A is the core thread bobbin; B, the eccentric
vane; d, d, the carriers' rollers; e, e, the drawing rollers; D, the flyer. The thread
A is drawn by the rollers e, e, continually to the flyer, the additional fibre M being
by the eccentric wing or vane B and the carriers d, d, placed within reach of the
drawing rollers; these detach a portion of the fibre, which is twisted around the
thread A. The continued movement of the eccentric vane B will again bring the fibre
M within reach of the drawing rollers to be detached in like manner.
At Fig. 6 is shewn disc pin wheel N; the pin n at each revolution raises the
lever and pawl P, so operating the wheel R affixed on axis of tin driving roller S
by band and pulley W to operate the eccentric wing B; this arrangement is employed
for purpose of giving an intermittant motion to the eccentric wing B, so as to provide
slubs or knobs at irregular.intervals.
At Fig. 7 is shewn the application of lever and pawl motion applied for operating

page_text: the drawing rollers e, e, the lever W₁ and pawl W² being operated by the stud
wheel X, which wheel is attached to the plate wheel X'. The wheel Y is the first
driver, giving motion to the wheel X¹; this by its revolution carries the wheel X
round the pinion X², which is stationary. The stud of wheels X is then left at
various positions, so as to operate the lever and pawl variably, producing slubbed
and knobbed yarn, the slubs and knobs at irregular distances.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be and may be performed, I
will have it understood that I limit and confine my claims. to,—-
The use and employment of the vane or eccentric wing, such as B, for the purposes
described.
The use and employment of the levers and pawl motion (shewn at Fig. 7), in
combination with the drawing rollers, as and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Leedham Binns, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
Witness,
-
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
LEEDHAM BINNS. (L.S.)