IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, ROLLING, AND COMPRESSING TOBACCO AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Edward Hyde Andrew, of Stockport, in
the County of Chester, Machine Maker, for the Invention of
" IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, ROLLING, AND COMPRESSING
TOBACCO AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.”
Sealed the 9th January 1874, and dated the 25th July 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Edward Hyde
Andrew at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th July '1878.
I, JAMES EDWARD HYDE ANDREW, of Stockport, in the County of
Chester, Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, ROLLING, AND
COMPRESSING TOBACCO AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows :—
The first part of my Invention consists in certain improvements upon
the machinery described in the Patent granted to me in conjunction
with Elijah Robinson and Charles Frederick Robinson, on the 5th day of
March, 1870, No. 652; this consists in making the swing frame support-

page_text: ing the top segment roller described in the Specification of the said
Patent, to open on the opposite side of the rollers to that on which the
wrappers are fed, whereby the wrappers can be wound on the filler when
it is between the three segmental compressing rollers, the combined
rotary and traversing motions of the said rollers consolidate and traverse
the tobacco or other substance passing between them, also in making the
lower segment rollers longer than the top roller in order to facilitate the
feeding.
Another part of my Invention consists in the application of the said
segmental rollers for rolling and compressing fibrous substances for 1
the manufacture of hemp packing and other analagous purposes.
Another part of my Invention is applicable to the machinery for
making the spun tobacco into rolls, and it consists in winding the
tobacco on a taper bush or spindle supported in a frame, one end of
which works on a hinge to facilitate the removal of the roll. The 1
tobacco is wound between two discs, one of which is removed before the
roll of tobacco can be taken off the taper bush or spindle. The frame
swivels on a spindle or circular plate, to which a bevel wheel is fixed for
driving the bobbin. A lever acts on the roll tobacco to compress it as it
is wound on the bush or spindle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Edward Hyde Andrew in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 22nd January 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
EDWARD HYDE ANDREW, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, a
Machine Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, Her special
licence that I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
⚫Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should

page_text: at. any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, ROLLING, AND COMPRESSING
TOBACCO AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The first part of my Invention consists in certain improvements upon
the machinery described in the Patent granted to me in conjunction with
Elijah Robinson and Charles Frederick Robinson on the Fifth day of
March One thousand eight hundred and seventy, Number 652; this
improvement consists in making the swing frame supporting the top
segment roller, described in the Specification of the said Patent, to open
on the opposite side of the rollers to that on which the wrappers or
covering leaves are fed, whereby the wrappers can be wound on the
filler when it is between the three segmental compressing rollers; the
combined rotary and traversing motions of the said rollers consolidate
and traverse the tobacco or other substance passing between them; also
in making the lower segment rollers longer than the top roller in order
to facilitate the feeding.
Another part of my Invention is applicable to the machinery for
making spun tobacco into rolls, and it consists in winding the tobacco on
a taper bush or spindle supported in a frame, one end of which works on
a hinge to facilitate the removal of the roll. The tobacco is wound
between two discs, one of which is removed before the roll of tobacco
can be taken off the taper bush or spindle. The frame swivels on a
spindle. or circular plate, and. the bobbin is driven by bevel or spur

page_text: :
gearing. A lever acts on the roll tobacco to compress it as it is wound
on the bush or spindle.
Another part of my Invention consists in the application of the
segmental rollers above referred to for rolling and compressing fibrous
substances for the manufacture of hemp packing and other analagous
purposes.
And in order that my Invention may be readily carried into operation
I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front view; Fig. 2, a plan; and Fig. 3, a transverse section
of the segmental rollers for twisting, rolling, and compressing tobacco,
described in the Specification of the Patent of Robinson and Andrew
above referred to, and of the table on which the tobacco to be operated
upon is laid. a is the table on which is the rib a¹ for the sliding rest b;
c and d are the two lower segmental rollers, the axles of which revolve
in stationary bearings; and e is the top roller, the axle of which revolves
in sliding bearings fitting in the swing frame f.
The mode of constructing thesc segmental rollers and traversing the
segments to and fro to consolidate and roll the tobacco or other substance
forms no part of my present Invention, but the two lower segmental
rollers c and d, I now propose to make longer than the top roller e, in
order to facilitate the feeding, and the swing frame f, supporting the
said top roller, I now make so that it opens on the opposite side to that
on which the wrappers are fed. The spinner stands at A, and the
assistant who supplics the wrappers or covering leaves stands and B, and
feeds them over the curved board or plate a³, the object of which is to
spread them evenly. By this arrangement the wrappers or covering
leaves are wrapped round the filler when the filler is partly between the
compressing rollers, consequently the wrapper is wound around the filler
when the filler has been rolled to nearly its proper diameter, thereby
making the twist harder and smoother than heretofore.
In some cases the segmental rollers may all be of the same length
and the swing frame made to open as above described. In order to
gradually increase the compactness of the roll of tobacco or other
substance passing between the three compressing rollers, I make them
slightly taper, the smaller diameters being at the feeding end and the
larger diameters at the delivering end, the gradually increasing circum-

page_text: ference of the rollers binding the wrapper tighter over the filler as it is
traversed between the rollers.
"
•
Fig. 4 is an elevation; Fig. 5, an end view; and Fig. 6, a plan of my
improved bobbin and parts connected therewith; a is part of the table
of the tobacco machine; and g is a circular plate in which is a stud
working in a socket in the table; to the plate g is fixed the standard g²,
supporting one end of the bobbin, and the other end of the bobbin is
supported in the standard g³, which is hinged to the said plate by a
knife joint. The roll of tobacco or other substance is wound on the
taper bush or spindle h, revolving in the standards g¹³ and g³. The diso
h' is placed on the larger diameter of the taper bush h, and the disc h³
is placed on the smaller end thereof. The discs and 2 are provided
with toothed circumferences, into which the pinion i gears, and. this
pinion is driven by speed pulleys as shewn, or in any other convenient
manner. As the roll of tobacco is being wound on the taper bush or
spindle it is pressed laterally by the lever j, the lower end of which is
hinged by a knife joint to [the arm, which swivels on the lever k
connected, by the link to the treadle lever 1, the requisite pressure is
obtained by the foot of the attendant. The spring j³ causes the lever j
to press on the circumference of the roll. When the twist has been
lapped from one disc to the other the attendant secures the twist by pegs,
ho then throws the lever j back, as shewn in dots in Fig. 5, and moves
the bobbin half round on its swivel plate, thus making a kink in the
twist, and again secures it by a peg; the lever jis then brought again
3 against the tobacco, and the succeeding layer of twist is wound on the
bobbin, these operations are repeated until the roll is complete. In order
to remove the roll the attendant lowers the standard g³, draws off the
diso h³, and then removes the roll off the bush or spindle.
Another part of my Invention consists in the application of the
segmental rollers above referred to for rolling and compressing fibrous
substances for the manufacture of hemp packing and other analagous
purposes.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim,―
First. Making the two lower segmental rollers longer than the top
segmental roller for the purpose described in reference to Figs. 1, 2,

page_text: Secondly. Making the swing frame supporting the top segmental
roller to open, so that the wrappers or covering leaves can be fed
between the compressing rollers, as described.
Thirdly. Making the compressing rollers tapered for the purpose
described.
Fourthly. The improved machinery and apparatus for forming the
tobacco or other substance into rolls, as shewn and described in reference
to Figs. 4, 5, and 6.
Fifthly. The application of the lever j for giving pressure to the
tobacco while it is being wound on the bobbin, as shewn and described.
· And, lastly. The application of segmental rollers for rolling and com-
pressing fibrous and other substances.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Second day of January One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
TAS TIT ANDDETT Gl