Improvements in the Let-off Motions in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Let-off Motions in Looms for Weaving.
I, SAMUEL DOUGLAS LAMB of Bessbrook in the County of Armagh in Ireland,
Factory Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to Looms for weaving linen, cotton, and other fabrics, and
is principally applicable to Looms constructed according to well-known modifica-
tions in the let off motions described in the Specifications of Collier and Thornton's
Patent 1854 No. 2048, by which modifications such motions (14 and 15) are governed
by a cast iron eccentric roller or vibrating or oscillating "under shell" in place of
the fixed beam (3), and another cast iron eccentric roller or "top shell," actuated
by springs attached to the loom in order to lift the slack yarn after the two sheds
cross each other and striking against stop blocks provided upon the frame of the
loom to arrest the vibration of the top shell as each shot of the weft is thrown
across the warp, is substituted for the lever or rail (2).
My improvements consist in the employment of an under shell of light substance
such as wood, steel, aluminium and the like, or a combination of such materials to
control the action of the let off shaft, by the use of which under shell such action
becomes more regular and less strain is put on the yarn, and in the employment in
the same and other looms of a combination of wood, leather, indiarubber, and iron,
or of some of such materials in the construction of the stop block against which the
top shell oscillates whereby the concussion is diminished and the breakage of the
yarn is less frequent.
HUGH HYNDMAN,
6 Chichester Street, Belfast, Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in the Let-off Motions in Looms for Weaving.
I, SAMUEL DOUGLAS LAMB late of Bessbrook in the County of Armagh in Ireland
Factory Manager but now of 115 Clifton Park Avenue in the City of Belfast and
County of Antrim do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to Looms for weaving Linen Cotton and other fabrics and is
principally applicable to Looms constructed according to well known modifications
in the let off motions described in the Specifications of Collier and Thornton's

page_text: Patent of 1854 No. 2048 by which modifications such motions (being shewn on the
drawings annexed to the said Specifications and thereon numbored 14 and 15) are
governed by a cast iron eccentric roller or vibrating or oscillating "under shell" in
place of the fixed beam (being shewn on the drawings annexed to the above named
Specifications and thereon numbered 3) and another cast iron eccentric roller or
"top shell" actuated by springs attached to the Loom, in order to lift the slack
yarn after the two sheds cross each other, and striking against tho stop blocks
provided upon the frame of the Loom to arrest the vibration of the top shell as
each shot of the weft is thrown across the warp, is substituted for the lever or rail
(being shown on the drawings annexed to the before mentioned Specifications and
thereon numbered 2).
My improvement consists in the employment of an undershell of light substance,
preferably of wood, to control the action of the let off shaft, by the use of which
undershell such action becomes more regular, and less strain is put on the yarn;
and in the employment of a combination of wood leather indiarubber and iron or of
some of such materials in the construction of the stop block against which the top
shell oscillates, whereby the concussion is diminished and the breakage of the yarn
is less frequent, which last stated improvement may be easily and readily applied to
other Looms being modifications of the Machine patented by Collier and Thornton
as above mentioned. But I have found by experience that in the construction of
the under shell steel and aluminium do not produce the effects which I had anticipated
in controlling the action of the let off shaft and I have therefore discarded the
employment of such materials.
And in order that my said invention may be more fully understood I shall now refer
to the sheets of drawings hereunto annexed the same letters of reference indicating
the same or corresponding parts of my said apparatus throughout all the figures
thereon.
Fig. I. is a front elevation of the eccentric roller or vibrating or oscillating "under
shell in a Loom for weaving Linen Cotton and other fabrics showing the shell
with the solid centre extending beyond it at each end and terminating in a reduced
part or stud by which the shell is carried in the Loom.
Fig. II. is a cross section of the stop block of wood or iron showing a solid piece
of indiarubber inserted in the face of the block and clothed or covered with leather.
Fig. 1II. is a front or face view of the stop block, and
Fig. IV. is a sectional elevation of a Loom showing the beam from which the yarn
is taken for weaving and the under shell and top shell with the yarn passing over
them and the stop block to receive the impact of the top shell, all attached to the
frame of the Loom.
a is the eccentric roller or vibrating or oscillating under shell which is the same
as that employed in Collier and Thornton's improved Looms and described in their
Specifications thereof as a lever or rail (shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings annexed
thereto and thereon numbered 2) and in modifications of such Looms as hereinbefore
mentioned, but composed of a light but rigid substance preferably of wood con-
trolling the action of the let off shaft with increased sensitiveness and by the use of
which light undershell'such action becomes more regular and less strain is put on
the yarn; b, b, are the solid centres at each extremity thereof; and c, c, are the
reduced parts or studs by which the shell is carried in the Loom as ordinarily
practised; d is a large wooden or iron stop block having a solid piece of indiarubber
inserted in and extending beyond its face and clothed or covered with leather
against which the top shell oscillates and by which the force of the concussion or
impact is diminished and breakage of the yarn is made less frequent; e is a solid
piece of indiarubber inserted in the face of the block d; f is the covering of leather;
g is the top shell; A is the yarn beam; and i is the frame of the Loom."
Having now fully described the nature of my said improvements and in what
manner the same are to be performed I would have it to be understood that I do
not claim as of my invention or the exclusive use of under shells levers or rails and

page_text: stop blocks in such Looms as I have mentioned except when the same are constructed
in substantial accordance with my invention and employed in the manner hereinbefore
described nor do I claim the use of top shells or any of the separate mechanical
parts of such looms but I declare that I claim
1. The use, in such looms for weaving as I have mentioned and referred to, of a
light undershell, lever or rail constructed and employed substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein before described and shewn in the drawings hereunto
annexed:
2. The use, in such looms for weaving as I have mentioned and referred to, of à
stop block constructed and employed substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before referred to and shewn in the drawings hereunto annexed:
and
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting my improved stop
block, for use in such looms for weaving, constructed and employed substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by the
drawings hereunto annexed.
HUGH
HYNDMAN,
6 Chichester Street, Belfast, Agent for Applicant.