CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, GEORGE
LEACH ASHWORTH, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner,
and WILSON CROSSLEY, of the same place, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Tenth day of December, in the ninth year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said George
Leach Ashworth and Wilson Crossley, Her especial license, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that we, the said George Leach Ashworth and
Wilson Crossley, our executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others as
we, the said George Leach Ashworth and Wilson Crossley, our executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that we, the said George Leach Ashworth and Wilson
Crossley, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in

page_text: and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
George Leach Ashworth and Wilson Crossley, do hereby declare that the
nature of our Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
is particularly described and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereto
annexed, and the following explanation thereof (that is to say):-
-
These Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Preparing and Spinning
Cotton and other Fibrous Substances are designed to effect a considerable
economy, not only in.time.and.labour,.but also. in.the_machinery. employed for
such purposes.
In the ordinary process of preparing and spinning cotton and
other fibrous Substances, the slivers of cotton, &c., after being submitted to the
operation of the drawing frame, are taken in cans to the slubbing frame or to the
roving frame, to be still further drawn,.and to have a slight degree of twist put
into the same, after which it is taken upon bobbins to the throstle or mule to be
spun. Now this Invention is intended entirely' to dispense with the use of the
slubbing and roving frames, and is equally applicable to inule and to throstle
spinning. The slivers, of cotton, &c., as delivered from the drawing frame,
may be passed through a machine for the purpose of condensing the fibres, and
drawing and reducing. the diameter of the sliver, from which it is delivered into
small cans. A slight twist may be given to the slivers (if thought requisite).
The sliver of cotton or other fibrous substance having. been condensed and
delivered into the small cans, as above described, is then ready to be submitted
to the action of our improved arrangement of apparatus attached to the
throstle (or mule, as the case may be), the improvement in which consists prin-
cipally in employing five or more pairs of drawing rollers (five being found to
be productive of the best result) instead of three or four, as ordinarily used, by
which means, in combination with certain improved guides, herein-after parti-
cularly described, wo get the same amount of draught in the throstle or mule
alone as is ordinarily obtained by the combined operation of the roving frame
and throstle or mule, thereby dispensing with the use of the roving frame, and
consequently effecting a considerable saving in time, labour, and expence.
But in order that these, improvements may be better explained and more
easily understood, we have attached to these Presents a Drawing, representing
in three distinct views our improved arrangements of rollers and guides, as
attached to the roller beam of an ordinary throstle. We would here remark,
that, these guides may also be used with advantage in other preparation
machinery. Fig. 1 being a plan or horizontal view; Fig. 2 a transverse
section; and Fig. 3 a longitudinal section, taken through about the line

page_text: A, B, in Fig. 1. These three Figures are drawn half the real size, and are
marked with similar letters of reference, corresponding with the following
description thereof. a, a, is part of the roller beam of a throstle, and b, b, are
the roller stands. The sliver of cotton or other fibrous material proceeding
from the small cans k, k, above mentioned, passes through the trumpet-shaped
openings in the guide bar c, c, to the first pair of rollers d, d, and through the
second and third pairs of drawing rollers e, e, and f, f, to the guide g, the most
suitable formation of which is correctly exhibited in the full size side and front
views at Fig. 4, and which guides, as well as the guide bar,c, c, may be either
fixed, as shewn in the Drawing, or made to traverse longitudinally, to prevent
the wearing of the rollers in any one part more than another. The sliver of
cotton or other fibrous material, in passing through this guide from the cans
kc, k, becomes turned upon its edge, and on passing through the fourth pair
of drawing rollers, h, h, the fibres become considerably condensed. The sliver
then passes between the fifth pair of rollers i, i, from whence it is spun and
wound on to the bobbins (or spindles, as the case may be,) in the usual
It must be understood that each pair of drawing rollers is caused to
revolve faster than the preceding pair, consequently we have four draughts, or
more, according to the number of rollers, by which means, in combination
with the improved form of guide 9, 9, (whether placed between the third and
fourth or fourth and fifth pairs of drawing rollers) we are enabled to spin yarn
of any count without the aid of the slubbing or roving frame.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Leach Ashworth and Wilson
Crossley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second day
of June, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.