Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 25th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 25th May, 1888
I OTTO ERNEST POHL of 48 Regent Road Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object is to provide economically working engines. For this purpose I proceed
in manner following:-
-
First. To enable high pressure steam expanding in a single cylinder to be used
economically with but slight loss of heat and work I place a jacket round the cylinder
and maintain between the jacket and the cylinder a solution of caustic soda or potassa
at a temperature of 400° F. or thereabouts according to the temperature of the steam
being used.
Second. I maintain the temperature of the caustic solution in the jacket preferably
by means of waste heat from the chimney or flue acting on a reservoir containing the
caustic solution and connect the said reservoir to the jacket by pipes. When the
source of heat is at a higher level that the jacket a screw, pump or like appliance is
used to cause the caustic solution to circulate through the jacket pipes and reservoir.
Third. When Engines under my invention give motion to reciprocating paddles I
provide two sets of inlet and exhaust valves capable of being operated by separate
gear so that the amount of steam used on the in and out strokes may be regulated to
tho work to be done.
T: 09-1 1 An 1007

page_text: I, OTTO ERNEST POHL of 48 Regent Road Liverpool in the county of Lancaster
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following stateinent :-
The object is to provide economically working engines. For this purpose I proceed
in manner following.
First. To enable high pressure steam expanding in a single cylinder to be used
economically with but slight loss of heat and work I place a jacket round the cylinder
and maintain between the jacket and the cylinder a solution of caustic soda or potassa
at a temperature of 400° F. or there about according to the temperature of the steam
being used.
Second. I maintain the temperature of the caustic solution in the jacket preferably
by means of waste heat from the chimney or flue acting on a reservoir containing tho
caustic solution and connect the said reservoir to the jacket by pipes, when the source
of heat is at a higher level than the jacket a screw pump or like appliance is used to
cause the caustic solution to circulate through the jacket pipes and reservoir.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. is a vertical diagramatic section illustrating the application of my invention
to steam engines where a vertical cylinder is used and the pressure of the steam does
not exceed two atmospheres and consequently the temperature is not higher than 270° F.
1 Cylinder. Fig. 3 is a plan of the cylinder figure 1. 2 Jacket. 3 Reservoir containing
a fireplace 4. 5, 6 flow and return pipes connecting the reservoir (originator) 3 with
Jacket.
2. Instead of providing the reservoir with a fireplace the products of combustion
from the steam generator may be brought into contact with the reservoir or such
reservoir may be heated by means af a steam Jacket. It will be obvious that the
reservoir may be made and heated in any way usually employed for imparting beat
to liquids. In the apparatus shown the reservoir and cylinder being at the same level
the difference of temperature in the higher and lower portions of the reservoir will
cause the liquid to circulate between the Jacket and reservoir. When the reservoir
is at a higher level than the cylinder a pump or equivalent device is used to cause
the necessary circulation.
Fig. 2. is a diagram of a horizontal steam engine cylinder and appliances for
carrying my invention into effect. 7. Steam generator of any usual or suitable
construction. 8 reservoir called the originator heated internally by steam from the
generator 7 on the top of the solidified solution, 9 reservoir called the superheater
connected to the originator 8 and heated by a furnace 10, 11, cylinder, 12 Jacket,
13 Steam pipes leading from the generator 7 to the cylinder 11 to work the piston.

page_text: 14 Jackets to steam pipes, 15, 16, flow and return pipes between the cylinder Jacket 12
and the super heater 9. 17, 18 flow and return pipes between the steam pipe jackets 14
and the super heater 9. In this case the steam is supposed to be used in the
cylinder at a temperature exceeding 270° F. up to more than 400° F. and as there
would be danger of explosion in the reservoir were fire applied directly to the reservoir
containing the cold solution, owing to the said solution solidifying at ordinary
temperature if its specific gravity exceeds 1.50 or thereabouts or if the boiling point
is above 270° F. the preliminary heating of the said solution is carried on in two
reservoirs the first being heated by steam on the surface of the solidified mass so
as to produce liquifaction after which the solution is transferred to the second
reservoir and heated to the required temperature by fire or like means or the heating
may be effected by melting the solidified solution by steam heat and afterwards
raising the temperature by means of a furnace. When two reservoirs the originator
and super heater 8 and 9 are used the solution is transferred from 8 to 9 through
the connecting pipe by the pressure of its own steam before the engine is started.
When the engine is stopped and before the fire in 10 is allowed to die out the
fluid solution is pumped or transferred from 9 to 8. Moisture is driven off from the
solution by the heat applied to the super heater additional moisture is added from
time to time. Thermometers are used to indicate the temperature at different points
and safety valves are employed to regulate the pressure.
Reservoir 9 is at a lower level than the cylinder circulation of the solution will
take place without the aid of pumps or equivalent appliances. 19 cock and valve
for shutting off connection between the reservoirs generator 7 and originator 9
arranged in such a manner that the caustic liquid cannot rush into the generator 7
if it gets hotter than the steam which beats it.
It will be obvious that the steam generators cylinders and other parts may bo
constructed arranged and connected in any usual or suitable way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is
First Maintaining Cylinders of Steam Engines at the required temperature by
means of a solution of caustic soda or potassa substantially as specified.
Second-The combination with a steam cylinder of a jacket and means for heating
and circulating a solution of caustic soda or potassa between the cylinder and the
jacket.
"
3000