IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FRAMES AND SASHES, AND IN, BALANCE WEIGHTS TO BE USED THEREWITH, WHICH SAID .. BALANCE WEIGHTS MAY ALSO BE EMPLOYED WITH ORDINARY SASHES OR SHUTTERS, OR FOR ANY OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSE
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Deakin, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Architect, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FRAMES
AND SASHES, AND IN, BALANCE WEIGHTS TO BE USED THEREWITH, WHICH SAID
.. BALANCE WEIGHTS MAY ALSO BE EMPLOYED WITH ORDINARY SASHES OR SHUTTERS,
OR FOR ANY OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSE."
Sealed the 23rd July 1861, and dated the 15th March 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Deakin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
March 1861.
I, JAMES DEAKIN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Architect,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SASH FRAMES AND SASHES, AND IN BALANCE WEIGHTS TO BE USED THEREWITH,
WHICH SAID BALANCE WEIGHTS MAY BE ALSO EMPLOYED WITH ORDINARY SASHES
OR SHUTTERS, OR FOR ANY SIMILAR PURPOSE," to be as follows, that is to say:-.
My improvements in sash frames consist in dispensing altogether with the
use of inner and outer casings, back linings, pocket pieces, parting beads, and
Jaths, and sash beads, by the employment of tubes, for which I prefer metal
tubes to contain the weights, and a solid pulley stile grooved to receive tongues
upon the sashes.

page_text: My improvements in the sashes consist in grooving them upon their edges
to receive moveable tongues to be inserted in the grooves of the sash frame
and sash, by which I am enabled readily to remove a sash from the frame for
glazing or cleansing without disturbing any beads or other work, and at the
same time obtaining a more perfect wind-tight "fit" between the parts with
'fewer angles for the accumulation of dust; the cords may be inserted at the
back of the pulley stile, and they will thus be completely concealed; these
cords pass over a wood roller secured to the pulley stile above the weights.
My improvements in these weights consist in making them jointed or
articulated, so that they will readily pass down the tube and out at a bend at
the bottom; by which I dispense altogether with the pocket pieces usually
inserted in the sash frame. I obtain a means of instantly adjusting the
necessary weights for the sash. I can remove them for the purposes of repair
without damage to any existing work, the bend at the lower ends of the tubes
coming out under the floor or at the back of the skirting allowing an easy
mode of access to the weights.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Deakin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th
September 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
DEAKIN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Architect, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Deakin, Her special license that I, the said James
Deakin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Deakin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the. term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain. and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SASH FRAMES, AND SASHES, AND IN BALANCE WEIGHTS TO BE USED THERE WITH,
WHICH SAID BALANCE WEIGHTS MAY BE ALSO EMPLOYED WITH ORDINARY SASHES OR
SHUTTERS, OR FOR ANY OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSE," upon the condition (amongst

page_text: others) that. I, the said James Deakin,. by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Deakin, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following.
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and, to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
My improvements in sash frames consist in dispensing altogether with the
use of inner and outer casings, back linings, pocket pieces, parting beads, and:
laths and sash beads, by the employment of tubes, for which I prefer metal.
tubes to contain the weights, and a solid pulley stile grooved to receive tongues.
upon the sashes.
My improvements in the sashes consist in grooving them upon their edges.
to receive moveable tongues to be inserted in the grooves of the sash frame:
and sash, by which I am enabled readily to remove a sash from the frame for
glazing and cleaning without disturbing any beads or other work, and at the
same time obtaining a more perfect wind-tight fit between the parts, with
fewer angles. for the. accumulation of dust; the cords may be inserted at the
back of. the pulley stile, and they will thus be completely concealed; these
cords pass over a wood roller secured to the pulley stile above the weights.
My improvements in these weights consist in making them jointed or
articulated, so that they will. readily pass down the tube and out at a bead at:
the bottom, by. which I dispense altogether with the pocket pieces usually
inserted in the sash. frame.. I obtain a means of instantly adjusting' the:
necessary weights for the sash; I can remove them for the purposes of repair
without damage to any existing work, the bead at the lower ends of the tubes
coming out under the floor or, at the back of the skirting allowing an easy.
mode of access to the weights.
D. :
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS..
Figure 1 is. an interior elevation of a sash window with the lower sash
removed, showing the method of attaching the lines to centres fixed on the
sides of the sash; on, which centres. the sash swings when required.
:
Figure 2 is a section through the sashes, showing the lower sash swing into
the position required for cleaning or repairs..*

page_text: Figure 3 shews to a larger scale a sectional plan of one side of the sash and
fraine.
I will now proceed to describe the Invention in detail by the aid of the
Drawings.
· Referring to Figure 3, it will be seen that the inner side of the sash (a) is
grooved upon its edge to receive the tongue piece (b), which, whilst the
window is working in the ordinary manner, slides in a groove in the frame or
pulley style (c), but when it may be desired to remove the sash for the purposes:
of cleaning or repair, the tongues on either side may be thrown back into the
style of the sash by a small rack and pinion wheel fixed in the sash, and
turned by a common square key, or any other suitable motion may be employed:
for this purpose. The sash (a) can then be swung into the room, being
suspended by the lines (d, d,) attached to the centres (E, E,) and thus I am
enabled to remove the sash from the frame for glazing or cleaning without
disturbing any beads or other work; at the same time I obtain a much more.
air-tight window than those of the ordinary construction.
The frame (which can be flushed in solid in the brickwork) is constructed
either of solid wood; bored for the balance weights, or it may be of the:
ordinary description, but fitted with metal tubes to receive the lines and:
weights, or the tubes for the weights may be employed alone, and may be
fitted to the frame (c) without any further casing than the brickwork, light.
stays being employed at suitable distances in the length of the tubes merely
to keep them steady. The weights are articulated or constructed in a series
of joints or loose balls, with the line passing through them in such manner.
that they may be taken out at an opening no larger than the individual
sectional area of each ball, and by continuing the frames down to the floor the
weights can be removed at the back of the plinth, or at the foot of the
architrave, consequently I dispense altogether with what are technically termed
pocket pieces in the sash frame, and thus avoid an expensive piece of joiner's
labour. This will be readily seen by referring to the dotted lines in Figure 1,
(f) being the weights in suspension, and (9,9,) the openings by which the
weights may be removed.
When it may be requisite to insert a new line it is simply necessary to
unlock the sash to swing it, as before described, and lift it out by turning it on
one side; the centres will then readily leave the slots in which they work, and
the sash will be free from the frame, and the new line thus attached to the:
sash and connected with the weights, the whole of the parts may be replaced.
without difficulty.
From the preceding description it will be clearly comprehended that thes

page_text: articulated. or jointed balance weights can also very readily be applied to
ordinary sashes or shutters, or for other similar purposes; it will, therefore, be
unnecessary further to describe this application.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that that
which I claim is,―
Firstly, the several improvements in the construction of sash frames and
sashes, and in balance weights to be used therewith, substantially as herein
described.
Secondly, I claim the employment of articulated or jointed balance weights
for ordinary sashes, shutters, or other similar uses, as herein more fully set
forth and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Deakin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
JAMES DEAKIN. (L.S.)