Improvements in and in the Manufacture of the Eyes of Hoes, Picks, and like Implements and Tools.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 31st Aug., 1899-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in the Manufacture of the Eyes of Hoes,
Picks, and like Implements and Tools.
I, FRANK PARKES, Managing Director of A. and F. Parkes Limited, of Dart-
mouth Street, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention relates to hoes, picks, adzes and other like implements and
tools having round edges and has for its object, to provide means for preventing
the turning of the said implement or tool upon its handle or shaft, and this is
accomplished by providing the inside walls of the eye with diamond or other
pointed studs, ribs, feathers or their equivalent which are adapted to embed
themselves into the wood of the handle and so prevent the turning of the tool
upon the handle, or of the handle within the eye.
In carrying out one form of my invention, the pointed studs are arranged in
the inside edge of the back end of the eye, in such a manner as to project into
the bore, so that when the handle is driven into the eye from the other and
wider end, the material of the said handle is engaged by the studs, which may
be three or other number, as convenient. In making this eye, I raise the same
by a drop stamp as usual, leaving the narrow or back end, closed by a thin
metal bottom or diaphragm, part of which is then cut out, in such a way as to
leave the diamond-pointed or other studs standing inwards and being cut or
formed from out of the metal of the said bottom.
When the pointed studs are at the mouth or larger end of the eye, then I
propose to strike the same up from the metal of the walls at that end.
Where ribs or feathers are employed, then the same may be struck up from
the metal during the formation of the eye by the drop stamping, or they may
be subsequently struck up or fashioned from the metal of the inside of the said
eye.
Ribs or points may also be formed by impressing or bulging the metal of the
walls of the eyes inwardly from the outside.
Improvements in and in the Manufacture of the Eyes of Hoes,
Picks, and like Implements and Tools.
I, FRANK PARKES, Managing Director of A. and F. Parkes Limited, of Dart-
nouth Street, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
DR11

page_text: nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to hoes, picks, adzes and other like implements and
tools having round eyes and has for its. object to provide means for preventing
the turning of the said implement or tool upon its handle or shaft, and this is
accomplished by providing the inside walls of the eye with diamond or other
pointed studs, ribs, feathers or their equivalent which are adapted to embed
themselves into the wood of the handle and so prevent the turning of the tool
upon the handle, or of the handle within the eye.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents an elevation of a planters
hoe, the eye of which is provided with means for preventing the rotation or
twisting of the handle or shaft with the round eye of the tool, in accordance
with one form of my invention.
Figure 2 is an end view of Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents, upon an enlarged scale, a longitudinal section of parts
of the said hoc with its shaft; and Figure 4 is a like section of the said eye
separately, showing more clearly the disposition of the means provided for pre-
venting the twisting of the one part upon or within the other.
Figure 5 is an elevation upon the same scale as Figure 3, of the one end of
the eye of the hoe.
Figure 6 represents a cross section of the said eye part, upon the dotted line.c
Figure 3.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawings.
According to this form of my invention, a series of three or other number of
pointed studs, teeth or projections a, are arranged inside the bore b¹, of the
round eye b, of the tool of the same in such a manner as to project into the
said bore, so that when the shaft or handle c is driven into the eye from the
outer end 63, which may be slightly larger than the inner end 63, the material
of the said handle is engaged by the studs as best seen in Figure 3, and the
handle is thereby held or retained in a fixed position relative to the shaft and
the twisting of the latter within the former is prevented. In making this eye,
I form the same in the usual way, with a plain bore as represented in Figure 7,
and the teeth or projections a, are formed in a subsequent process by means of
a suitable tool such as that represented in underside plan in Figure 8, and in
elevation (in use) in Figure 9 and consisting of a body part d, with a con-
centric boss d', on the underside, of a diameter corresponding to that of the
inside of the eye and having a series of half-diamond section vertical ribs d³,
upon its periphery, which, when the boss is forced by a stamp into the eye of
the hoe, act upon and displace portions of the metal downwards and inwards to
form the engaging prongs a.
Or the said teeth or points may be formed in the process of producing the
eye by leaving at the one end of the latter, a thin metal bottom or diaphragm,
part of which is cut out in such a manner as to leave the pointed studs pro-
jecting inwards from the inside walls of the eye.
Figure 10 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a hoe in which the
teeth a, are formed or left at the inner end of the eye or socket b, in this
manner, whilst Figure 11 shows an elevation thereof looking at the inner end
of the eye and Figure 12 another elevation looking from the other and outer end.
Instead of using teeth or pointed projections on the inside of the eye to pre-
vent the twisting of the shaft, I employ one or more ribs feathers or keys, dis-
posed longitudinally within the bore of the eye piece and formed either solid
therewith during the process of forming the said eye or by impressing or bulg-
ing inwards portions of the metal walls.
Figure 13 represents a longitudinal section and Figure 14 an end elevation of
the eye of a hoe provided interiorly with a series of solid ribs a, having pointed

page_text: edges a¹, adapted to embed themselves into the wood of a handle when the latter
is driven into the eye, whilst
Figure 15 shows an elevation of another eye in which a pair of such ribs a, are
formed by forcing the metal walls of the eye inwardly from the outside.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:―
First In the eyes of hoes, picks, adzes and other tools, providing or forming
within the bore of the same, one or more pointed teeth, ribs or equivalent pro-
jections adapted to engage with the wood of the handle to prevent the same
turning within the eye, substantially as herein described and set forth.
Secondly: The methods or processes of forming within the eyes of hoes, picks
and other tools, one or more internal pointed teeth, ribs or equivalent projec-
tions, substantially as herein described and set forth.
Dated this 30th day of August 1800
FRANK PARKES,
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.
D