Improvements in wave and lide motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar., 1900-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1900
Improvements in wave and lide motors.
I, CLAUDEOUS MARCELOUS JOHNSON, of Lexington, County of Fayette, State of
Kentucky, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to wave and tide motors, and it has for its object to
provide improved simple and thoroughly efficient means for obtaining a uniform
and economical supply of power, derived from the up and down or oscillatory
movements of one or more floats or buoys moored so as to be acted on by the
rising, falling, rolling and tumbling motion of the water.
According to one arrangement I employ one or more sets of reversely rotated
mechanism operated from a float or buoy by the motion of the water, and a suit-
able automatic clutch arrangement for actuating a shaft in a continuous direc-
tion from said mechanism. The latter is actuated by ropes or cables running
over suitable guide sheaves and connected with buoys or the like on opposite
sides of the shaft, weights being provided for taking up the slack. The buoys
or floats have vertically arranged mooring and guide cables which can, by suit-
able means, be detachably secured above, or below, the water level to a frame-
work or scaffolding.
The clutches of the reversely rotating mechanism are of the spring-pressed
roller type, and their reciprocating parts have winding drums or sheaves for the
cables carrying the buoys and weights.
The floats or buoys may be adapted to be weighted with water, whilst means
may be provided for hoisting them and for emptying them before such hoisting.
According to a modification the separate reversely rotated mechanism is dis-
pensed with, and the clutches mounted directly on the shaft so that the ropes, of
which there are several, impart a practically continuous rotary motion to the
latter.
In another arrangement each buoy is arranged beneath a shaft which it causes
to turn alternately in opposite directions as it rises and falls, through the
medium of ropes or cables, These latter are attached to its upper and lower
parts and extend around suitable guide pulleys to sheaves on the shaft. All
these shafts are arranged in line and are geared by means of clutches with
parallel shafts extending along beside them, and these latter may be suitably
arranged to drive, also through a clutch, another shaft in a continuous manner.
This latter may be made in two parts one of which carries a fly-wheel and is
driven from the other, so that irregularities in the speed may be avoided.
71
Docomo 1800
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, & 5A, Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: i
Improvements in Wave and Tide Motors.
I, CLAUDEOUS MARCELOUS JOHNSON, of Lexington, County of Fayette, State of
Kentucky, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say:
This invention relates to wave and tide motors or powers, and it has for its
· object to provide improved, simple, and thoroughly efficient means for the steady,
uniform, and economical transmission of power derived from the oscillatory
movements of one or more floats or buoys moored in position to be acted on by
the rising, falling, rolling and tumbling motion of the water.
.
Fig. 1 is a part sectional end elevation of one form of my improved wave
motor or power.
Fig. 2 is a part plan view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a sectional detail view of one of the automatic clutch gears on a
shaft that is to be driven continuously from reversely rotary devices on oppo-
site sides.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of an automatic clutch gear on the continuously
driven shaft.
Fig. 5 is a plan of one of the floats or buoys provided with frames in which
guide-sheaves are carried.
Fig. shews a modification of the devices through which the continuously
driven shaft is actuated from the floats.
Fig. is a plan of the same.
Fig. 8 is a partial plan of another form of my improved mechanism.
Fig. 9 is a part sectional elevation of the same.
Fig. 10 is a vertical transverse section of the same at a point through one of
the reversely rotary shafts.
Fig. 11 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the same at the point where
the motion of the intermittently rotating shafts is transmitted to the con-
tinuously driven shaft.
The reference numeral 1, in Figs. 1, 2, 8 9 and 10, designates a framework
or scaffolding to be erected over the water in a suitable position for the utiliza-
tion of wave or tide power by means of floats or buoys 2, of any suitable con-
struction.
On the scaffolding 1, Figs. 1 and 2, there are erected, at suitable intervals, a
number of frames 3 provided with suitable bearings for a centrally located shaft 4
that is to be driven continuously. This continuously driven shaft 4 is to be
extended the entire length of the apparatus. On opposite sides of the said
shaft 4, and above each float or buoy 2, there is mounted a reversely rotary
shaft 5 having a drum 6 secured thereon.
Each drum 6 has secured thereto a cable 7 that passes over a guide sheave S
and connects with a central portion of a float or buoy 2 moored beneath. The
guide sheaves 8 may be mounted on shafts 9 supported in the frames 3, as shewn
in Fig. 2.
By reference to Fig. 1, it will be seen that one of the power transmitting
cables is passed over the sheave S to the upper side of the adjacent drum 6,
while an opposite power-transmitting cable 7 on the other side of the con-
tinuously driven shaft 4 is passed from the upper side of a sheave 8 to the
under side of the adjacent winding drum. On each reversely rotary drum
shaft 5 there is secured a spur gear 10, Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The continuously

page_text: driven shaft 4 is provided, at suitable points, with hardened, sleeves 11, Figs. 3
and 4, and these sleeves are surrounded by automatic clutch gears 12, each of
which is in mesh with a spur gear 10 on one of the reversely rotary drum
shafts. The automatic clutch gears 12 are held in place against endwise move-
ment, on the sleeves 11, by means of collars 13, Fig. 4, which may be secured to
said sleeves in any suitable manner. In each clutch gear 12 there is provided
a series of slots 14, Fig. 3, each of which is widest at one end, and has one side
formed by the hardened sleeve 11 on which said clutch gear is mounted. In
each of these slots 14 there is placed a friction roller 15; normally resting
against any suitable spring 16 that is so arranged, in the wider part of the
slot 14, as to hold said rollers in position to enter the narrow end portions of
the slots 14 when the gear 12 is rotated in the proper direction to actuate the
shaft 4 on which it is mounted. When any automatic clutch gear 12 is rotated
by a spur gear 10, on descent of the float or buoy 2, the said clutch gear will
receive rotation in such direction as to cause the rollers 15 to enter the narrow
ends of the slots 14 and bear therein against the sleeve 11 on the shaft 4,
thereby rotating said shaft. But when a clutch gear 12 is actuated through its
intermeshing gear 10, in an opposite direction, on ascent of the float or buoy 2,
then the rollers 15 will be moved towards the springs 16 in the wider parts of the
slots 14 and will cease to bear against the hardened sleeves 11 on the shaft 4,
the gear 12 being consequently unclutched so as to exert, at this time, no
driving action on said shaft.
In order to provide for taking up slack of the power transmitting cables 7,
on ascent of the floats or buoys 2, each drum 6 has attached thereto a rope or
cable 17, Fig. 1, with a weight 18 attached to its lower end. The weights IS
are suspended from the several winding drums 6 in such manner as to cause
rotation of said drums and take up slack in the power transmitting cables. 7
when the floats or buoys 2 are moved upwards by the action of the tide or waves,
and thus these power-transmitting cables 7 are always in condition for actuating
the drum 6 and their reversely rotary shafts 5 on descent of the floats or buoys.
For the purpose of guiding the floats or buoys 2 in their vertical position,
and mooring them in a convenient operative position, so that they may have at
the same time a sufficient lateral play to avoid undue strain, there may be pro-
vided a number of vertical guides 19 consisting, preferably, of wire cables of
sufficient strength and flexibility, and which are attached to the scaffolding 1,
in such manner as to provide a necessary degree of rigidity for acting as suit;
able guides to the vertically movable floats or buoys. As shewn in Fig. 1, these
vertically arranged guide cables 19 are connected at their upper ends to attach-
ing devices 20 that are flexibly connected with the lower ends of bolts or screw
threaded rods 21, inserted through openings in the upper portions of the scaffold-
ing and secured above the same by nuts 22, or other adjustable fastenings. The
lower ends of these vertical guide cables 19 are each secured in attaching
devices 23 that are pivotally connected with straps or clips 24 embracing con-
veniently placed uprights 25 of the scaffolding 1, as shewn in Fig. 1. These
straps or clips 24 are submerged, that is to say they are placed on the uprights 25
at points below the level of low water, so as to provide a sufficient range of
vertical movement for the floats or buoys. Each clip or strap 24 is held in
place on the upright 25 by means of the wedging action of a vertically arranged
bar 26 that is long enough to have its upper end above the level of high water
when the clips 24 are secured in place. The lower end of each bar 26 is wedge-
shaped, as shewn in Fig. 1, to more readily engage the clip or strap 24 and con-
fine it to the upright 25, and the upper end of each bar 26 is
fined to the upright 25 by means of a strap or clip 27 and a set screw 28
therein to bind said bar 26 against the upright. It will be readily understood
that by loosening the set screw 28, the bar 26, which has a hooked or shouldered
upper end, can be readily lifted from engagement with clips or straps 24 and 27,
and then each guide cable 19 can can be withdrawn from the water if desired,
con-

page_text: Instead of the wire guide cables 19, it will be obvious that any other suitable
guides may be employed, but the wire cables are preferable as affording some
degree of Hexibility, and, at the same time, by means of nuts 22 on the bolts or
rods 21, said cables can be strained to have any desired degree of rigidity. The
vertical guides 19 are engaged on opposite sides by guide sheaves 29 carried in
the ends, or other suitable portions, of horizontally placed frames 30 that are
carried on upper and lower portions of each float or buoy 2, as shewn in Figs. 1
and 5. Each frame 30 may be connected with the float or buoy by braces or
brackets 31, or in any other suitable manner. The vertically arranged guides 19
and the guide sheaves 29, carried on the buoys or floats 2, afford very convenient
and compact means for mooring the several buoys or floats independent of each
other, and in such manner that each float or buoy shall be free to have a neces-
sary lateral play, to avoid undue strain, without interfering with the required
vertical movement of said floats or buoys under the action of the waves and
tide.
It will be obvious that any convenient number of floats or buoys 2 may be
arranged in one or more series, preferably in parallel lines, and connected with
independent reversely rotary shafts, as 5, preferably arranged on opposite sides
of the lengthened shaft 4 that is to be continuously driven. By gearing each
reversely rotary shaft 5 with the continuously driven shaft 4, through auto-
matic clutch mechanism of any suitable character, the said shaft 4 will receive
a continuous rotation derived in part from each reversely rotary shaft, while
the provision of automatic clutch mechanism between the continuously driven
shaft 4 and the several reversely rotary shafts 5 will permit the necessary rock-
ing motion of the reversely rotary shafts without acting on the continuously
driven shaft, except when the reversely rotary shafts are moved in the proper
direction on descent of each float or buoy.
It will be understood that the power for driving the reversely rotary shafts 5
is derived from the fall of the several floats as the waves and tide recede, the
weights 18 connected with the drums 6 being provided merely to take up slack
in the power transmitting cables that connect with the several floats or buoys.
The manner of gearing the continuously driven shaft 4 with the several reversely
rotary drum shafts 5 is very simple and extremely sensitive, so that it readily
responds to every descending movement of each Hoat or buoy. Obviously, by
employing a sufficient number of floats or buoys 2, and reversely rotary shafts 5
connected therewith, and each independently geared with the shaft 4, through
automatic clutch gearing, a continuous, uniform and steady rotation will be
imparted to said continuously driven shaft.
By means of a spur gear, as 32, or a band wheel 33, located at any conve-
nient point on the continuously driven shaft 4, power can be taken from said
continuously driven shaft to actuate various kinds of machinery, such as air-
compressers, dynamos, or machines in general. This apparatus, for the utiliza-
tion of wave power, is practical, economical, and comparatively inexpensive,
and by employing a suitable number of floats or buoys, any required speed and
power can be readily obtained.
It may be sometimes necessary to hoist the floats or buoys 2, out of the water,
as for purposes of repairs, or to avoid damage to the apparatus from high or
violent storm waves. For this purpose there may be arranged on each reversely
rotary drum shaft 5 a loose spur gear 34, Figs. 1 and 2, adapted to be clutched
with said shaft through a clutch collar 35 arranged to be operated by a lever 36,
or otherwise. The spur gear 34 is in mesh with a pinion 37 on a shaft 38,
that may be rotated by any suitable means, as, for instance by means of a crank
or lever attached to a squared end 39 of said shaft 38; or the shaft 38 might
be operated by power. Obviously, there can be a shaft 38 and its pinion 37
for each winding drum, or the said shaft 38 could be extended and provided
with a number of pinions for the reversely rotary shafts of the several drums.
By unclutching the spur gear 34 from the drum shaft, it will be unaffected by

page_text: the oscillations or rocking of said shaft when the wave or tide power is in
operation.
Any suitable ratchet mechanism 40 may be provided on each drum shaft to
hold the hoisted floats in an elevated position; the pawl 41 of each ratchet
device to be thrown off, of course, when the floats are to be lowered into the
water.
The floats 2, which are preferably hollow, may be conveniently weighted, as
required, by admitting any suitable quantity of water to the interior of each
float. When it is desired to hoist these floats, they may be lightened by dis-
charging the water, through a valve 42 that can be opened by pulling on al
rope 43 extended to a convenient point within reach of an attendant.
Instead of the arrangement of float, actuated reversely rotary devices, shewn
in Figs. 1 to 4, comprising drums 6 mounted on shafts 5 that are geared with
the continuously driven shaft 4 through automatic clutch gearing mechanism,
I may employ an arrangement of reversely rotary devices such as shewn in
Figs. 6 and 7, in which the power-transmitting cable 7 of each float is secured
to its appropriate reversely rotary drum 6 that in this case is loosely mounted
on the continuously driven shaft 4 in alternately clutched and unclutched rela-
tion therewith through automatic clutch mechanism of any suitable kind, pre-
ferably of the character already herein before described. Thus, as shewn in
Figs. 6 and 7, the shafts 5 and gears 10 and 12 may be dispensed with; the con-
tinuously rotating shaft 4 being then provided with a number of loosely
mounted drums 6 corresponding with the number of floats 2 to be employed
in the apparatus. Each float 2 will be connected with its drum 6, Figs. 6 and 7,
by a power-transmitting cable 7 and the slack. in each of these cables will be
taken up, on ascent of the float, by means of a weight 18 suspended from a
rope or cable 17 on each drum, as before. In the hubs, or other suitable part
of each loosely mounted reversely rotary drum 6 will be arranged automatic
clutch mechanism, preferably comprising the slots 14, rollers 15, and springs 16
already described; said automatic clutch mechanism being so arranged that
when the drum 6 is rotated by descent of the float 2, the said drum will be auto-
matically clutched with the shaft 4, so as to drive the same continuously in one
direction while, on ascent of the float, the drum will be automatically unclutched
and rotated in a reverse direction, by action of the weight 18; the continuous
rotation of the shaft 4 in its one required direction being meanwhile main-
tained through the operation of descending floats acting on other reversely
rotary automatic clutching and unclutching drums, as will be readily under-
stood. The several floats 2 may be arranged in parallel series, with their power
transmitting cables 7 passed over guide sheaves 8, on opposite sides of the
continuously driven shaft 4, and thence in proper direction to drums 6 on said
shaft, as shewn in Figs. 6 and 7. Obviously, any suitable number of floats and
connected drums, or other reversely rotary devices, may be employed according
to the speed and power to be developed in the continuously driven shaft.
In the form of wave and tide motor or power shewn in Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11,
there is mounted, on the scaffolding 1, a series of reversely rotary shafts 44,
corresponding with the number of floats or buoys 2 and all these shafts are in
line with each other, one above each buoy, throughout the series.
To each reversibly rotary shaft 44, at a point above the centre of its actuating
buoy, there is secured a winding drum, or drums, 45, Figs. 8 and 9,
preferably a double drum, as shewn.
are
These drums 45
connected
directly with the buoy 2 by means of power transmitting. cables 46
having one end secured to the buoy in any suitable manner, the other end of
each cable being secured to and wound on its appropriate drum. Each rever-
sibly rotary shaft 44 has also secured thereto, near each end of said shaft, a
winding drum 47, Figs. 8 and 9, to each of which is secured one end of a power
transmitting cable 48, Figs. 9 and 10, that indirectly connects both drums. 47
with the actuating buoy. This power transmitting cable 48 is extended beneath

page_text: submerged guide sheaves 49, Figs. 9 and 10, that are supported between posts 50
which may form part of the main scaffolding or framework. Between the two
submerged sheaves 49, the cable 48 passes over outer sheaves 51 and beneath
an intermediate sheave 52 that are all mounted in suitable supports on the top
of the buoy.
The two submerged sheaves 49 are each mounted in its separate rectangular
frame 53 which is provided on opposite sides with vertical armis 54 having series
of holes 55 therein, as shewn in Fig. 9. These vertical arms 54 are confined
laterally by guide flanges 56 arranged vertically on the posts 50 between which
the sheave frame 53 is placed. The posts 50 may be braced by struts 57 extended
to stay posts 58, or otherwise, as desired. While each sheave 49 is designed
to be submerged, the arms 54 are of sufficient length to extend above the water;
and thus a suitable pin cr bolt, inserted through any of the exposed holes 55,
will serve to hold the sheave down to a proper depth of submersion to take up
any slack in the cable 48 and maintain it in a suitably taut and operative con-
dition with relation to the drums, sheaves, and buoy. The bolt or pin that is
inserted through any of the holes 55 to hold down the sheave frame 53, is readily
accessible, being above the surface of the water; and after withdrawing such
pin or bolt, the sheave frame and sheave can be readily lifted out of the water
to a point above the guide flanges 56 and be thus disengaged or removed for
the purpose of making any needed repairs, or for disentangling sea-weed, or
other floating matter that might obstruct the operation of the sheaves and cable.
It will be observed, by reference to Fig. 9 that the power transmitting
cables 46 and 48 are arranged on their respective drums 45 and 47 in such
manner that, when the float 2 descends with a subsiding wave, the cables 46
will unwind from the drums 45 and thereby rotate the shaft 44 in such direction
as to wind the two ends of the cable 48 on their drums 47 while, on the con:
trary, as the float 2 ascends with a rising wave or swell, the two ends of the
cable 48 will unwind from the drums 47 and thus rotate the shaft 44 in the oppo-
site direction so as to reciprocally wind the cables 46 on to their respective
drums. Thus the reversibly rotary shaft 44 will be rotated in one direction
through the cables 46, and in the other direction through the cable 48, in accord
with the oscillatory or rising and falling movements of the float or buoy 2 as
acted on by the waves and tide. It will be observed that the arrangement of
the continuous cable 48 with relation to the submerged sheaves 49 and buoy
sheaves 51, 52, will permit any swinging or tilting of the buoy without causing
slack in either portion of said cable 48 at opposite sides of the buoy.
As shewn in Figs. 8 and 9, each primary and reversely rotary power shaft 44
carries a spur gear 59 that is in mesh with pinions 60 which are loosely placed
on secondary intermittently rotating shafts 61, Figs. 8 and 10, that are mounted
on opposite sides of the reversely rotary shaft 44, and parallel therewith. Each
intermittently rotating shaft 61 is continuous throughout, and is extended to
such length as to be in position for receiving power from all the reversely rotary
shafts. To each of these shafts 61, there may be secured ratchet wheels 62
through which said shafts are actuated by means of pawls 63 carried on oppo-
site sides of the several loose pinions. Obviously, any other suitable clutch
devices may be provided for automatically clutching and unclutching the
pinions 60 and shafts 61, so that said shafts 61 will be alternately and inter-
mittently rotated, one shaft in one direction, and the other in an opposite direc-
tion, as shewn in Fig. 10, according to the reversely rotary movements of the
shaft 44 and gear 59 thereon. Thus when the gear 59, of any reversely rotary
shaft 44, turns in one direction it will actuate one of the intermittently rotating
shafts 61, but will not affect the other shaft 61 owing to slipping of the pawl
or clutch devices on one side or the other.
Each intermittently rotating, shaft 61 may be connected at one end to an
extension shaft 64 by means of any suitable clutch coupling 65, Fig. 8, with
provision for shifting said clutch to connect or disconnect the shafts 61 and 64,

page_text: as desired. When connected therewith, the extension 64 constitutes a part of
the shaft 61 and turns with it. On each shaft extension 64, or directly on the
shafts 61, in case the clutches 65 should be omitted, there are fixed two ratchet
wheels G6 on opposite sides of loose pinions 67 provided with pawls 68, or other
clutch devices, for transmitting power to a spur gear 69 that is fixed to a con-
tinuously driven shaft 70, Figs. 8 and 11. Between the gear 69, and one of
the loose pinions 67, there is arranged an intermediate gear 71, so that the
shaft 70 shall be driven continuously from either one shaft 64 or the other.
The continuously driven shaft 70 is preferably made in two sections connected
end to end by means of any suitable, automatic clutch device 72, the parts of
which are so arranged that while both sections of said shaft will normally
rotate together, one part of said clutch will be free to slip on the other and
consequently permit the speed and uniform motion of the extended portion of
said shaft 70 to be maintained by momentum of the fly-wheel 73 thereon, in case
the speed of the portion of said shaft to which is attached the spur gear 69
should be diminished by any irregularity in the movements of the shafts that
are more directly actuated from the floats or buoys.
As shewn in Figs. 8 and 9, the extended portion of the continuously driven
shaft 70 may carry band wheels 74, 75 for attachment of belting 76, 77 to drive
a dynamo 78, or an air-compresser 80, or any other machinery. The air-com-
presser 80 may connect, by pipes 8.1, with a compressed air reservoir 82 from
which the compressed air may be conducted by suitable piping to any required
point, to be used as a source of power, or for other purposes.
Although I have referred to the shafts 44 as being reversely rotary, and the
shafts (il as intermittently rotating, it will be obvious that as actuated by only
a slight movement of a buoy the connected shaft 44 may have only a slight
rocking motion, at times; while, as geared with and acted on by a plurality of
independently actuated shafts 44, the shafts 61 may rotate continuously, or very
nearly so, at certain times; according to the number of floats or buoys included
in the apparatus. I would therefore have it understood that the terms
versely rotary as applied to the shafts 44, and "intermittently rotating" as
applied to the shafts 61 have been adopted for convenience of description and
not as imposing any limitation with regard to the degree of movement imparted
to these shafts.
re-
The buoys or floats 2 may be moored by means of vertically arranged
cables 19, as shewn in Fig. 1; or by means of horizontally arranged and suitably
slack cables 8 and 84 connecting with posts or piles 85 and 86, as shewn in
Figs. 8 and 9.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a wave and tide motor or power, the combination of reversely rotary
mechanism operated from a float or buoy acted on by wave power, a continuously
driven shaft, and automatic clutch mechanism intermediate said reversely rotary
mechanism and said continuously driven shaft, and through which the con-
tinuously driven shaft is actuated from the reversely rotary mechanism, sub-
stantially as described.
2. In a
wave or tide motor or power, the combination of a plurality of
reversely rotary devices, means for actuating said devices from floats or buoys
acted on by wave power. a continuously driven shaft, an automatic clutch
mechanism intermediate the several reversely rotary devices and said continu-
ously driven shaft, and through which said continuously driven shaft is actuated
by each of the reversely rotary devices, substantially as described.
3. The combination of a continuously driven shaft, a plurality of reversely
rotary devices, automatic clutch mechanism intermediate each of said reversely
rotary devices and the said continuously driven shaft, a plurality of floats or

page_text: buoys arranged on opposite sides of the continuously driven shaft, a power
transmitting rope or cable connecting each float or buoy with a reversely rotary
device, a weight suspended from each reversely rotary device, vertically
arranged mooring cables for the several floats or buoys, and means for detach-
ably securing said mooring cables at points above and below the water level,
substantially as described.
4. The combination of a framework or scaffolding, a plurality of floats or
buoys acted on by wave power, vertically arranged mooring and guide cables
for each of said floats or buoys, means for detachably connecting said mooring
and guide cables with the scaffolding at points above and below the water level,
a plurality of reversely rotary devices, means for actuating each of said reversely
rotary devices from a float or buoy, a continuously driven shaft, and automatic
clutch mechanism intermediate each of said reversely rotary devices and the
said continuously driven shaft, substantially as described.
5. The combination of a plurality of floats or buoys to be acted on by wave
power, a continuously driven shaft, a plurality of reversely rotary devices mounted
on opposite sides of said continuously driven shaft, power transmitting cables
connecting each of said floats with a reversely rotary device, guides for said
cables, and automatic clutch mechanism intermediate each reversely rotary
. device and the said continuously driven shaft, substantially as described.
6. The combination of a continuously driven shaft, a plurality of reversely
rotary devices, a plurality of floats or buoys arranged on opposite sides of the
continuously driven shaft, power transmitting cables connecting the several
floats or buoys with the several reversely rotary devices, weights suspended from
the several reversely rotary devices, guide sheaves for said power transmitting
cables arranged on opposite sides of the continuously driven shaft, and auto-
matic clutch mechanism intermediate each reversely rotary device and said con-
tinuously driven shaft, substantially as described.
7. The combination of a continuously driven shaft, a plurality of independent
.reversely rotary shafts provided with winding drums, a plurality of floats or
buoys, means for mooring said floats or buoys, power transmitting cables con-
necting said floats and drums for actuating each of said reversely rotary shafts,
guide sheaves for said power transmitting cables, weights suspended from each
of said drums, and gearing connecting each of said reversely rotary shafts with
the continuously driven shaft and comprising automatic clutch mechanism
through which said continuously driven shaft is actuated from each reversely
rotary shaft, substantially as described.
8. The combination of a frame work or scaffolding, a plurality of floats or
buoys, vertical mooring guides for said floats or buoys detachably connected
with said scaffolding above and below the water level, guide sheaves carried by
each float or buoy and engaged with said vertical mooring guides, a plurality
of reversely rotary devices, means for actuating said reversely rotary devices
from the floats or buoys, a continuously driven shaft, and automatic clutch
mechanism intermediate each reversely rotary device and said continuously
driven shaft, and through which the said continuously driven shaft is actuated
from the several reversely rotary devices, substantially as described.
9. The combination of a continuously driven shaft, a reversely rotary shaft,
gearing connecting said reversely rotary shaft with the continuously driven
shaft and comprising automatic clutch mechanism through which the continu-
ously driven shaft is actuated from the reversely rotary shaft, a float or buoy,
means for actuating the reversely rotary shaft from said float or buoy, and verti-
cally arranged mooring cables to moor and guide said float or buoy, substantially
as described.
10. The combination of a framework or scaffolding, a float or buoy guide
sheaves carried on said float or buoy, vertically arranged mooring and guide
cables with which said guide sheaves are engaged, mechanism detachably con-
necting said vertically arranged mooring and guide cables with said scaffolding

page_text: above and below the water level and for attaching and detatching said cables
from above, and power devices actuated from said float, substantially as described.
11. The combination of a framework or scaffolding, a float or buoy acted on
by wave power, guide sheaves carried by said float or buoy, vertically arranged
mooring and guide cables for said buoy, means for detachably connecting said
mooring and guide cables with said scaffolding at points above and below the
water level, and power shafting actuated from said float or buoy, substantially
as described.
12. The combination of a plurality of hollow floats or buoys adapted to be
weighted with water, a continuously driven shaft, means for actuating said shaft
from said floats when acted on by wave power, mechanism for hoisting the several
floats, and means for discharging water from said floats to lighten the same
when about to be hoisted, substantially as described.
13. My improved wave and tide motors or powers, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the annexed drawings.
Dated this ford day of March
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, & 5A, Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.