AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SHARPENING AND SETTING SAWS
Year: 1885

page_text: I ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE, of the Office for Patents, Bream's
Buildings, Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SHARPENING
AND SETTING SAWS to be as follows:-
33
The present invention relates to an improved machine for sharpening and setting
the teeth of straight, circular, or endless band saws.
The machine consists of a rigid table or frame on which is mounted in suitable
bearings a horizontal transverse shaft on which are keyed a pulley and set of
cams. At one end of the machine is a vice of peculiar construction, and towards
the centre of the table, but rather nearer the other end of the machine is a
standard to which is pivotted a horizontal tubular guide for a rod which extends
lengthwise of the machine and carries at one end a file holder of novel construction
and at the other end an emery wheel in an adjustable frame. A cam on the
transverse shaft rocks the tubular guide, a spring serving to return it to position,
and hence a rising and falling or rocking motion is imparted to the ends of the
rod which passes through the said guide and carries the cutting or sharpening
tools, a disc on the transverse shaft is connected by a crank rod with one end of
this rod, and gives it a reciprocating movement in addition to the rocking motion
above mentioned.
The file holder mounted at one end of the reciprocating and rocking rod overlies
the vice in which the blade of the saw is gripped, and when properly adjusted
the file operates in one direction on each of the teeth as the saw is fed forward
beneath it.
For cutting or sharpening saws with curved teeth the tool holder is mounted in
such a way that at the end of each stroke of the file, which is of a suitable shape,
it receives a slight axial motion on the rod which carries it, by which means the
file is withdrawn from the curvature of the tooth; and by a reverse movement is
inserted into the curvature of the following tooth just prior to the commencement
of the new stroke,

page_text: This is effected by providing a tubular socket for the file holder from which
socket an arm extends laterally and works in a fixed horizontal guide mounted on
the table of the machine. The file holder is provided with adjustable clamping
blocks for securely holding files of different makes and adjusting them to their
work; and mounted in lugs on one side of the file holder are a pair of adjustable
strikers or hammer heads for setting the teeth alternately in opposite directions.
The vice by which the saw is gripped has a fixed jaw and a movable jaw; the
latter being operated by a spring plunger which is, at the right moment, acted
upon by a cam on the main driving shaft, and thrusts forward the movable jaw,
thereby holding the saw tightly gripped while the file is cutting or sharpening a
tooth.
A pair of pawls carried by a vibrating lever operated by a cam or cams on the
driving shaft are arranged to feed forward the saw while the grip of the vice is
relaxed. The distance between the pawls can be varied to suit different sizes of
teeth.
The vice has a central bearing stem for the back of the saw to rest on, and this
stem is adjustable to allow of saws of different breadths being sharpened.
Attachable to the top of the vice is a pair of swivelling blocks through which
pass blunt ended screws, and by properly adjusting these screws and blocks the
desired inclination may be given to the saw teeth during the setting operation.
The blunt ended screws on the top of the vice serve as abutments for the saw
teeth as they receive the blows of the strikers on the file holder.
The cams by which the feed levers are vibrated and the movable vice jaw is
operated, are preferably mounted on the crank disc by which the cutter rod
receives its reciprocating motion, and are adjustably secured thereto.
The emery disc receives rotary motion in its adjustable bearing frame from a
separately driven grooved pulley, loosely mounted on the main shaft; and hence
its rotation is independent of and unaffected by the rising and falling motion of
the reciprocating rod which carries it. The belt or cord which drives this emery
cutter is held at tension and is free to yield to the reciprocating movements of the
rod; any suitable tension device or system of sliding pinions being employed.
To support a circular saw and present its teeth to the cutting tool at the
required angle or plane a spindle so mounted as to be adjustable vertically as well
as horizontally is provided, and to receive and properly support and distend band
Baws of any size a pair of T iron arms are hinged to the sides of the frame of the
machine, and on these arms are mounted adjustable supporting pulleys.
When not in use the hinged arms can be folded up out of the way. The means
for feeding forward the saw blade beneath the rotary cutter are similar to those
above described.
In the case of very fine saw blades the faces of the vice jaws may be grooved to
receive small pistons or rods on which the back of the blade may rest.
The pulley on the driving shaft may receive motion by a belt and pulley on a
parallel shaft mounted low down at one end of the machine and driven from any
convenient source of power.
Dobed the 1-1
T

page_text: I ARTHUR WILLIAM LOVELL REDDIE of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's
Buildings, Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The present invention relates to an improved machine for sharpening and setting
the teeth of straight, circular or band saws.
The machine is illustrated in the accompanying drawing Fig.
elevation partly in section and Fig. 2 a plan view of the apparatus.
being a front
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of part of the apparatus taken in the
line 1-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the gripping jaws or vice for holding the saw
drawn on an enlarged scale and shewing the mode of supporting the blade of the
saw in the jaws of the vice.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the same.
Figs. 6 are respectively an elevation partly in section, and a vertical section of
the adjustable apparatus used for supporting circular saws of various dimensions,
and
Fig. 7 is an isometrical view of the machine shewing a circular and a band saw
in the position for being sharpened.
It will be seen on reference to Figs. 1 and 2 that the machine is provided at one
end with a file holder and file for straight or band saws whilst to the other end of
the machine is adapted a grinding disc for operating upon circular saws.
The whole apparatus is arranged upon a table A mounted upon legs or
standards B B.
Upon this table A are bolted two plummer blocks C C in which is mounted the
main axle D of the machine.
E is a standard or support to which is jointed in any convenient manner a
sleeve S and in this sleeve is mounted a rod R which is capable of sliding to and
fro. This rod R carries at one end a file holder W and at the other end a grinding
disc K.
F is a vice for holding the saw blades to be sharpened.
G, G, are lugs on the table A and to which are pivotted arms H, H, and these
arms carry the horizontal wheels H H (see Fig. 7.) for holding the band saw at
tension and at the same time permitting of its being advanced from time to time
so as to bring a fresh tooth under the action of the file When not in use these
arms may be turned up out of the way or entirely removed as preferred.
On one end of the axle D is keyed a pulley J which receives rotary motion in
any convenient manner from a counter shaft D' mounted on one of the end frames
of the machine; the counter shaft being driven from any prime mover.
Another pulley L of smaller diameter is formed in one with a grooved pulley M
of larger diameter and is mounted so as to run loosely upon the shaft D.
The pulley L also receives motion by means of a belt from the counter shaft D¹
and by means of a band imparts rapid rotary motion to a grinding disc K placed
at the end of the rod R.

page_text: To the opposite end of the shaft D to that which carries the pulley L is keyed
a crank disc N and two cams 0, 0¹.
The disc N is provided with a radial groove in which the stud pin of a
connecting rod P can be adjusted so as to regulate the stroke of the file.
The connecting rod P is pivotted at its other end to a block Q fixed upon the
sliding rod R.
The rod R slides in the sleeve S and this sleeve is jointed near one end to the
standard E and it is provided at its other end with a forked pendent frame or
portion T.
Within the frame T is placed the cam O which gives to the sleeve S and
consequently to the file a vertical reciprocating motion in order to lift the file out
of the work during its backward traverse and to lower it into the work during its
forward movement thereby preventing undue wearing of the file.
The lower end of one of the prongs of the forked frame T is attached to one end
of a spring U, the other end of the spring being conveniently and adjustably
secured to the table A. This spring serves to draw down the file into its lowest
position which position is regulated by the screw V according to the depth of the
teeth of the saw which is being sharpened.
On the extremity of the rod R is fixed the file holder W which follow exactly
the longitudinal and rocking movements of the rod.
The file holder is connected to the rod R at a level a little below the axis of the
rod by means of a loose socket X. To this socket is secured a bent rod У which
slides in a fixed guide z during the horizontal movement of the file; This guide is
intended to impart a slight axial movement to the socket in its traverse to and fro,
which movement will have the effect of causing the file to properly enter into and
withdraw from the gullet of the saw at the beginning and end of the stroke of
the tool.
Thus at the end of the stroke the tool will be lifted by the rocking of the
sleeve S on its centre E the same movement giving the socket X through the rod y
a slight axial motion, and the file will be lifted clear of the gullet of the saw.
This reverse movement, at the commencement of the stroke, ensures the proper
entrance of the file into the gullet of the saw.
The file is held in the file holder by the adjustable sockets or centres a a¹, the
socket a is passed through holes in the forked piece b and through an eye bolt c
placed in the fork By tightening the nut & the socket a will be securely gripped
in any suitable position according to the length of the file it is desired to employ.
The other socket or centre a is provided with a tapped head which works in a
transverse slot and is capable of being shifted laterally by means of a screw c see
Fig. 2 thus giving a certain obliquity to the file with respect to the saw blade.
f and flare two screw stops or pins carried by lugs on the opposite ends of the
file holder W and provided with jam nuts to retain them in any set position. These
stops strike at each traverse of the rod R against spring studs or pins g, g¹, (see
Fig. 4) mounted upon the jaws of the vice F and which serve to give the requisite
"set" to the teeth of the saw.
The vice F which holds the saw blade whilst being sharpened is formed with a
fixed jaw h and a movable jaw h¹ the latter being maintained in contact with the
jaw by a spring coiled around a rod i. This rod i is pressed up to the jaw h¹
by the cam O' which is so shaped as to keep the jaws h and h¹ in close contact
during the time that the file is in work. The clamping faces p p¹ of the jaws are
removable for which purpose they are fitted with pins P which enter holes in the
jaws h. h¹ and are secured therein by the screws p³ p³.
The saw blade when it is gripped in the jaws of the vice rests upon a block o
placed between the jaws and adjustable by means of the screw oll and to provide
for the case when it is desired to operate upon fine blades, the jaws are formed
with semi cylindrical grooves which when the jaws are closed will form cylinders
into which pistons o¹ of can rise to support the saw blade (see Figs. 4 and 5).

page_text: In cases where it is desired to give a certain inclination to the cut of the teeth,
the clamping faces ppl of the jaws of the vice are formed on the bevel as shown
at Fig. 4. These clamping faces may be arranged to incline the saw in either
direction by simply inverting their position in the vice.
Upon the crank disc N are arranged two face cams k k diametrically opposed
and capable of sliding in slots formed in the crank disc; these cams of which the
thickness varies gradually serve to feed forward the saw in the following manner.
Two pawls, , are carried at the ends of levers m which levers are pivotted to
a standard bolted to the table of the machine, the pawls resting in the teeth of
the saw.
The opposite ends of the levers m are fitted with a screwed rod n and this rod is
provided with nuts which permit of the distance between the levers being adjusted.
The end of the rod n bears against the face of the disc N, a rocking motion being
imparted to the levers 1, 1, by the cams k k¹ the saw will be fed forward tooth by
tooth. The employment of two levers and two pawls ensures the advance of the
saw in the case of one of the pawls missing its hold or a tooth being.broken and
the position of the cams is so arranged as to feed the saw forward exactly at the
end of the stroke of the file.
The grinding disc K together with its pulley is keyed to an axle mounted upon
centres in a frame ", r, the frame being attached to a block 8 capable of being
raised or lowered by means of a screw mounted in a vertical frame carried by the
socket u fixed on the end of the rod R.
When it is desired to use the grinding disc K it is necessary to disengage the
connecting rod from the disc N, and to secure the rod R on its sleeve by means of
the set screws 1, 1, as the reciprocating motion of the rod R will not be required.
A lever x pivotted upon a standard bolted to the table of the machine and provided
with a finger x¹ and a spring a² and actuated by a cam on the disc N serves to feed
round the saw tooth by tooth.
The circular saw to be operated upon is secured in position by means of the
apparatus shewn in position in Fig. 7, and detached and drawn on a larger scale
in Figs. 6.
It consists of two horizontal frames 2, 2, fixed respectively above and below to
the legs or standards B of the machine. These frames are formed with horizontal
slots in which slide the two ends of a vertical slide y, y. Through this slide are
passed two bolts y¹, y', carrying bracket pieces between which is mounted the
screw y which is traversed by a nut yll; this nut carries a stud for the support
of the circular saw. el is a wooden jaw bolted to the lower end of the slide y ;
the upper end of this jaw is caused to bear against the upper edge of the saw by
means of a bolt and fly nut y*, and thus holds the saw as in a vice.
The saw is placed on the stud carried by the nut y¹¹ with the plane of the saw
perpendicular to the plane of the grinding disc and can be adjusted vertically or
horizontally in the slides y and z and may thus be place in any desired position
relatively to the disc K.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my Foreign Correspondents I declare that what I claim is
1st The machine for sharpening and "setting" band, straight and circular saws
substantially as herein shown and described.
2. The combination with the rod R, of a file holder W and a frame r for
carrying an emery wheel or other rotary grinding device K as herein shown and
described.
3. The combination with the rod R, of the sleeve S jointed to the standard E
and means for giving an oscillating movement to the said sleeve and for regulating
the amount of movement of the same, substantially as described.
4. The file holder W constructed and arranged substantially as herein shown
and described and consisting of means for adjusting and maintaining the file in

page_text: position and means for giving, in combination with the two spring studs g, g¹, on
the vice F the requisite set to the saw teeth.
5. The means for giving a rocking motion to the file holder W and consisting of
the bent rod y rigidly secured to the socket X and sliding in a horizontal guide
secured to the table A such movement taking place at the end of the course
substantially as described.
6. The supports H, H, of the pullies H¹ H¹ for holding a band saw at tension
and formed of bars of T iron jointed to the lugs G G on the table of the
machine so that they may be turned up out of the way when not in use as
described.
7. The arrangement of vice F, the moveable jaw ¹ of which is maintained in
juxtaposition with the jaw h by means of a spring ; a rod i in combination with a
cam O on the main shaft as above described.
8. The arrangement of inclined and removeable clamping faces p p¹ (Fig. 4) to
the jaws of the vice F for the purpose of giving a bevel to the edge the saw teeth
as set forth.
9. The means for supporting the saw between the jaws of the vice such means
consisting of a block o adjusted by the aid of a screw o¹¹ and carrying two
pistons o¹ o¹ as above described.
10. The arrangement of pawls l, l', and spring levers m m in combination with
the cams k k¹ fixed adjustably on the face of the disc N for the purpose of feeding
forward band or straight saws.
11. The adaptation to the extremity of the rod R opposite to the file holder W,
of the frame carrying a grinding disc K such frame being mounted loosely on
the rod R and being susceptible of the following movements with respect to said
rod-viz a vertical adjustment by means of the threaded blocks and screw t and
a rotary motion on the rod R by means of the rod r¹ and its horizontal guide as
above described.
12. The means above described for feeding round a circular saw by the aid of
levers and fingers x¹ in combination with the cams k, k¹.
13. The means for adjusting the position of a circular saw such means consisting
of the combination of a vertical slide y with two horizontal slides z z¹ fixed upon
one of the legs or supports of the table of the machine as described.
Dated this 29th day of October 1885