IMPROVE- MENTS IN TRANSFERRING COLORS OR METALS IN DESIGN ON AND FROM PAPER AND STONE ON TO SURFACES
Year: 1855

page_text: SUMNER AND PELLY'S DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM
OF ALTERATION
TO SPECIFICATION No 880 (55)
(The Words printed in Italics are in Red Ink in the Original.)
Filed 9th June 1863.
En the Matter of Letters Patent granted to HYPOLITE MACÉ, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TRANSFERRING COLORS OR METALS IN DESIGN ON AND FROM
PAPER AND STONE ON TO SURFACES," bearing date the 20th day of
April, A.D. 1855, to which a Specification was duly filed, and
which said Letters Patent have been duly assigned to and are now
vested in CHARLES SUMNER, of Farrar's Buildings, Temple, in the
City of London, and ALBERT PELLY, of Finch Lane, Cornhill, in the
said City, Esquires.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, pursuant to the Statutes in that
case made and provided.
WHEREAS some parts of the said Specification are not correctly translated
from the instructions communicated from L. A. C. Mace, who communicated
the Invention for which the Letters Patent above mentioned were granted to
Hypolite Macé Ánd whereas the claims made by the said Hypolite Macé in
his Specification are too wide and general, and we are desirous of making
the description given by the said Hypolite Macé more intelligible by cor-
recting the errors of translation, and of limiting the claims made in the said
Specification.
We hereby disclaim, in page 8, line 14, of the printed copy of the said

page_text: Specification the words "
other bodies than paper or parchment," and sub-
stitute for the general words the particular bodies named below in the said
Specification, that is to say, we substitute the words "china or porcelain or
other similar bodies."
In page 3, line 34, we alter the words "chroms lithography" and sub-
stitute the word "chromo lithography."
In page 4, line 6, we alter the word "is" into "are," and in line 87 the
word "Burgandy "into "Burgundy."
In page 5, lines 25, 26, we disclaim the words "any other substance," and
substitute the words "other similar substances."
In line 30, page 5, we further limit the claim by introducing after the
words "lay no claim to "the following words "the exclusive use of the
process of transferring colors or metals in design, save and except to the
surfaces mentioned, and in the manner herein described, nor do I claim;"
and in lines 31, 32, we disclaim the words "taken in their simple form or
nature and combined, as described, or for the purposes of this Invention.
And in lines 38, 39, we disclaim the words from "Secondly" down to
"described" inclusive.
And in page 6, line 1, we alter the word "lastly" into "Secondly," and for
-the words "immixion of the proofs is obtained, and transfer of designs or
drawings on to surfaces" we substitute the words "the transfer of designs or
drawings on to the surfaces herein-before mentioned."
And the said Specification when amended, as proposed by us, by Disclaimer
and Memorandum of Alteration, will read as follows:-
In applying subjects, designs, or characters of any or every description on
other bodies than paper or parchment, china, or porcelain, or other similar bodies,
I first draw them on stone (of that sort known as German or lithographic
stone), and care must be taken to give to these drawings, designs, or characters
the form or contour of the object on which they are to be applied. If these
drawings are intended to be illuminated they should be drawn without
derogating from the usual practice of artists or draughtsmen, but when it is
only intended to reproduce them on black (without metal), or in any simple or
single colour, say, either blue or brown, care must be taken to leave in the
drawing sufficient blank or white spaces, and besides to effect a marked
contrast between the first and last plan or drawing. A drawing entirely
shaded or covered by pencil work produces little or no effect on reproduction;
it is therefore necessary, as aforesaid, to leave considerable blank or clear,
doing which will also give less work to the draughtsman. To obtain ornamental
subjects or designs on the lithographic stone, such as flowers, landscapes, trees

page_text: mixed with gold and divers colors, it is necessary to employ as many stones as
there are colors on the drawings to be reproduced, and they must be printed
or impressed separately in the order necessary for the exact reproduction of
the design to be reproduced. The manner of operating is in fact conformable
in all points to the mode of reproducing by chromo lithography, occasionally
changing the order of the stones where the subject requires it to be done,
thence it follows that my process realizes the employment of ebrems-lithography
chromo lithography on china or porcelain. In order to reprint or, in other
words, to obtain the application of a design, as before mentioned, it is
necessary to have a paper prepared expressly for the purpose. This paper
is prepared by two coats or layers of matters easily dissolvable in water, such
as the juice of plants or roots, which having been well boiled in water express
a very stickey or adhesive juice; the operator may take indifferently, or at
pleasure, marshmallow roots, marine lichen, white onion, garlic, or, in fact,
any root, vegetable, or grain which leaves after boiling a gummy, stickey, or
adhesive juice, water, or liquid. This decoction is to be strained through a
cloth after it has been mixed with equal parts of tapioca, starcb, or other similar
fecula, which has been previously boiled and strained, or otherwise made into
a clear or transparent liquid or decoction. The coats of this mixture is are
spread over or on the paper, either with a fine sponge or any utensil or
material that may be found in practice most proper for this purpose. The
coats should be thinly, evenly, and carefully laid on, and the second should
not be applied until the first has been thoroughly dried; but should it be
found from any eause that these two layers are insufficient a third may be
applied, after which the paper may be glazed.
The foregoing operation completed, the mineral color is prepared, well
dried, and pounded after drying in a morter, mixed with the printing varnish,
that is to say, with the boiled linseed oils used by lithographic printers, and
afterwards proceed in a similar manner as such printers ordinarily operate..
Or the same result may be obtained by sprinkling or powdering the colors.
without braying them in a mortar with the varnish; but as regards gold;
sprinkling or powdering only is used, and it is never put or mixed in the oils
or varnish. The impression being now taken on to the prepared paper, the
operator takes the color or gold which be desires to use in printing, (having
care that they should be brayed, pounded, or otherwise reduced to a fine dry
powder; and to secure the latter it may be as well always to bake or dry
them gently in a furnace or lamp, or before the fire, that no moisture may
remain,) and therewith powders or sprinkles the drawing or design by means
of a large fine brush, carefully and lightly drawing it over the design, and

page_text: afterwards the drawing is lightly touched over with a camel hair or other
brush and shaken, so as to draw off or retire the superabundant gold or color
which will be found attached to those parts of the paper on which no design
or drawing is traced. It is scarcely needful to observe that the design should
be kept extremely clean. This done, the printed sheet is allowed to dry
during two days at least, and then with a brush (wide and flat) called cod-fish
tail, or any other analagous tool which may be found serviceable for the
purpose, a mixture is put or spread over the design or printed sheet just
described, and the same mixture is applied over the surface on to which the
design aforesaid is sought to be transferred, whether such object (surface) be
of porcelain, pottery, glass, weed, stone, leather, leather cloth, metal, or other
similar substance er-fabrie. This mixture is composed of essence or spirits of
turpentine and Burgundy pitch or colophony (rosin), to which is added Venice
turpentine or that of Strasbourg in indeterminate proportions. This mixture
is to be treated by heat, say, by putting it in a proper vessel over the fire, and
boiling until the Burgandy Burgundy pitch or colophony are completely
reduced and amalgamated with the other mentioned ingredients, and until the
mixture when cold shall be of extremely stickey, clinging, or adhesive nature.
I would here observe, that in the taking-off proof or transfer the printed sheet
should be allowed to remain with its coat of the mixture just described on its
face or plan at least ten hours before the operation of transfer is begun ; but the
operation may be made at any subsequent period; but it will only be necessary
that the object or surface on to which the design is to be transferred, or which
is to be decorated, should receive the before-described mixture not more than
one hour before the operation takes place.
When the application of the design is effected on the piece or surface, it
should be fixed thereon by the use of a damped sponge of fine texture, and
used with great care; at the same time the transfer should be rubbed over
with either the finger or a roller covered with paste, damping and rubbing
alternately in such manner as that the paper only may become detached from
the design, the figure or design remaining on the surface. If it be desired to
print with gold only, it (the gold) should be well brayed with water and dried;
In other respects the manipulations or operations are similar to those herein-
before described in relation to colors. In throwing off the superabundant
gold, to avoid the loss of any portion thereof, I use a receiver or box, having
a sliding bottom or shelf of glass, of which transparent article the back and
sides are also made or lined. Gold should be used with the same quantity of
flux as employed in gilding porcelain or enamel; when colors are to be
employed under glaze or enamel or on biscuit, it is better that they should be

page_text: used without flux. This process of transfer on china, porcelain, or any other
substanee other similar substances, may be also produced by the copper-plate,
typography, or any other process of printing.
Having now described the nature of the Invention communicated to me,
and the manner in which it is carried into practical effect, I desire to be
understood that I lay no claim to the exclusive use of the process of transferring
colors or metals in design save and except to the surfaces mentioned, and in the
manner herein described; nor do I claim the exclusive use of any of the articles
or materials described or mentioned in this Specification taken in their simple
form-of-nature, and combined as described, or for the purposes of this Invention,
nor do I confine myself to exact proportions of parts of materials or articles to
each other, as such may be varied without departing from the principle of the
Invention, which I declare to be, and I claim,-
Firstly, the exclusive use of the paper for reprinting or transferring
drawings or designs prepared as herein-before described.
Secondly, the exclusive-use of the varnish or glaze prepared-as-herein-before
described.
And, lastly, secondly, the combinations and process herein-before described,
by which immixion of the proofs is obtained, and transfer of designs or drawings-on
to-surfaces, the transfer of designs or drawings on to the surfaces herein-before
mentioned is completed.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Sumner and Albert Pelly,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day of May,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
three.

page_text: To the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my Fiat giving leave to the above-mentioned Charles
Sumner and Albert Pelly, Assignees of the said Letters Patent granted to
Hypolite Macé, to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification
to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of 5
Alteration.
ROUNDELL PALMER.
Lincoln's Inu, 9th June 1863.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hypolite Macé, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSFERRING COLORS
OR METALS IN DESIGN ON AND FROM PAPER AND STONE ON TO SURFACES."
-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hypolite Macó at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
April 1855.
I, HYPOLITE MACÉ, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSFERRING COLORS OR METALS IN DESIGN ON AND FROM
PAPER AND STONE ON TO SURFACES," being a communication from L. A. C. Macé,
of Paris, to be as follows:-
I propose to make use of the lithographic system for the purposes of
transfer of designs. But in addition to those arrangements already known to
the public, I intend to make others so as to enable me not only to transfer
designs on to surfaces, but enable me to keep such designs in store for any
length of time and transfer them on to china, glass, marble, tissues, or
other surfaces at pleasure. For this purpose I transfer a design on to
lithographic stone in the usual manner; from the stone I reproduce the design

page_text: on to paper (non collé), that is, not prepared or sized. The designs may be of
any and every color, of metal or partly of metal, gold being, however, the
principal one used, the meaner metals not possessing in general the required
briliance. The design, whether in color or metal, or both, being now trans-
ferred to the paper (non collé) aforesaid, (which forms part of the Invention,
I allow it to remain a day or two to dry; I then prepare a mixture, composed
of Burgundy or white peas, Venetian turpentine, and dissolve in spirits of
turpentine (of commerce) as transparent as possible; this mixture is bottled
for use. A thin layer or coating of the above mixture is laid on each
design which has been transferred on to the paper (non collé) as aforesaid,
say, on the design, but not on the white of the paper. When the transfer is to
be made on to porcelain or other surfaces, then such surface is to be covered
or brushed over with the mixture, allowed partially (say, for a few minutes) to
dry. The prepared design is to be then laid thereon and fixed with a moist
sponge. When the paper is retired the design will have left it, being transferred
on to the porcelain or surface operated upon. In one part of the process I
shall have to throw off the superabundant gold; to avoid the loss of any portion
of which I propose to use a receiver or box, having a sliding bottom or shelf of
glass, of which article the back, sides, &c. are also to be made or lined.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Hypolite Macé in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th October 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HYPOLITE
MACE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Hypolite Macé, Her special licence that I, the said Hypolite Macé, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Hypolite
Macé, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSFERRING

page_text: "
COLORS OR METALS IN DESIGN ON AND FROM PAPER AND STONE ON TO SURFACES,'
being a communication from L. A. C. Macé, of Paris, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Hypolite Macé, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Hypolite Macé, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
In applying subjects, designs, or characters of any or every description on
other bodies than paper or parchment I first draw them on stone (of that sort
known as German or lithographic stone), and care must be taken to give to
these drawings, designs, or characters the form or contour of the object on
which they are to be applied. If these drawings are intended to be illuminated
they should be drawn without derogating from the usual practice of artists or
draughtsman; but when it is only intended to reproduce them on black
(without metal), or in any simple or single color, say, either blue or brown, care
must be taken to leave in the drawing sufficient blank or white spaces, and
besides to effect a marked contrast between the first and last plan or drawing.
A drawing entirely shaded or covered by pencil-work produces little or no effect
on reproduction; it is therefore necessary, as aforesaid, to leave considerable
blank or clear, doing which will also give less work to the draughtsman. To
obtain ornamental subjects or designs on the lithographic stone, such as flowers,
landscapes, trees mixed with gold and divers colors, it is necessary to employ
as many stones as there are colors on the drawings to be reproduced, and they
must be printed or impressed seperately in the order necessary for the exact
reproduction of the design to be reproduced. The manner of operating is,
in fact, conformable in all points to the mode of reproducing by chrome
lithography, occasionally changing the order of the stones where the subject
requires it to be done; thence it follows that my process realizes the employ-
ment of chroms lithography on china or porcelain. In order to reprint, or, in
other words, to obtain the application of a design as before mentioned, it is
necessary to have a paper prepared expressly for the purpose. This paper
is prepared by two coats or layers of matters easily dissolvable in water, such
as the juice of plants or roots, which, having been well boiled in water express
a very stickey or adhesive juice; the operator nay take indifferently or at-

page_text: pleasure marshmallow roots, marine lichen, white onion, garlic, or, in fact, any
root, vegetable, or grain which leaves after boiling a gummy, stickey, or adhesive
juice, water, or liquid. This decoction is to be strained through a cloth after
it has been mixed with equal parts of tapioca, starch, or other similar fecula
which has been previously boiled and strained, or otherwise made into a clear
or transparent liquid or decoction. The coats of this mixture is spread over or
on the
paper
either with a fine sponge or any utensil or material that may be
found in practice most proper for this purpose. The coats should be thinly,
evenly, and carefully laid on, and the second should not be applied until the
first has been thoroughly dried; but should it be found from any cause that
these two layers are insufficient, a third may be applied, after which the paper
may be glazed. The foregoing operation completed, the mineral color is
prepared, well dried, and pounded after drying in a morter, mixed with the
printing varnish, that is to say, with the boiled linseed oils used by lithographic
printers, and afterwards proceed in a similar manner as such printers ordinarily
operate; or the same result may be obtained by sprinkling or powdering the
colors without braying them in a morter with the varnish; but as regards gold,
sprinkling or powdering only is used, and it is never put or mixed in the oils
or varnish. The impression being now taken on to the prepared paper, the
operator takes the color or gold which he desires to use in printing, (having
care that they should be brayed, pounded, or otherwise reduced to a fine dry
powder; and to secure the latter, it may be as well always to bake or dry them
gently in a furnace or lamp or before the fire, that no moisture may remain,)
and therewith powders or sprinkles the drawing or design by means of a large
fine brush, carefully and lightly drawing it over the design, and afterwards the
drawing is lightly touched over with a camel hair or other brush and shaken,
so as to draw off or retire the superabundant gold or color which will be
found attached to those parts of the paper on which no design or drawing
is traced. It is scarcely needful to observe that the design should be kept
extremely clean. This done, the printed sheet is allowed to dry during two
days at least, and then with a brush (wide and flat) called codfish-tail, or any
other analogous tool which may be found serviceable for the purpose, a mixture
is put or spread over the design or printed sheet just described, and the same
mixture is applied over the surface on to which the design aforesaid is sought
to be transferred, whether such object (surface) be of porcelain, pottery, glass,
wood, stone, leather, leather cloth, metal, or other substance or fabric. This
mixture is composed of essence or spirits of turpentine and Burgandy pitch or
colophony (rosin), to which is added Venice turpentine, or that of Strasbourg,
in indeterminate proportions. This mixture is to be treated by heat, say, by

page_text: putting it in a proper vessel over the fire, and boiling until the Burgandy
pitch or colophony are completely reduced and amalgamated with the other
mentioned ingredients, and until the mixture when cold shall be of extremely
stickey, clinging, or adhesive nature. I would here observe, that in the taking-
off proof or transfer the printed sheet should be allowed to remain with its coat
of the mixture just described on its face or plan at least ten hours before the
operation of transfer is begun, but the operation may be made at any sub-
sequent period; but it will only be necessary that the object or surface on to
which the design is to be transferred, or which is to be decorated, should
receive the before-described mixture not more than one hour before the
operation takes place. When the application of the design is effected on the
picce or surface, it should be fixed thereon by the use of a damped spunge of
fine texture, and used with great care; at the same time the transfer should be
rubbed over with either the finger or a roller covered with paste, damping and
rubbing alternately in such manner as that the paper only may become detached
from the design, the figure or design remaining on the surface. If it be
desired to print with gold only, it (the gold) should be well brayed with water
and dried; in other respects the manipulations or operations are similar to
those herein-before described in relation to colors. In throwing off the super-
abundant gold, to avoid the loss of any portion thereof I use a receiver or
box, having a sliding bottom or shelf of glass, of which transparent article the
back and sides are also made or lined. Gold should be used with the same
quantity of flux as employed in gilding porcelain or enamel; when colors are
to be employed under glaze or enamel or on biscuit, it is better they should be
used without flux. This process of transfer on china, porcelaine, or any other
substance may be also produced by the copper plate, typography, or any other
process of printing.
Having now described the nature of the Invention communicated to me,
and the manner in which it is carried into practical effect, I desire it to bo
understood that I lay no claim to the exclusive use of any of the articles or
materials described or mentioned in this Specification taken in their simple
form or nature and combined as described or for the purposes of this Inven-
tion; nor do I confine myself to exact proportions of parts of materials or
articles to each other, as such may be varied without departing from the
principle of the Invention, which I declare to be, and I claim,-
Firstly, the exclusive use of the paper for reprinting or transferring drawings
or designs prepared as herein-before described.
Secondly, the exclusive use of the varnish or glaze prepared as herein-
before described.

page_text: And, lastly, the combinations and process herein-before described, by which
immixion of the proofs is obtained, and trasfer of designs or drawings on to
surfaces is completed.
In witness whereof. I, the said Hypolite Macé, have hereunto affixed my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.