Improvements in Roller-bearings.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1899-Accepted, 11th Nov., 1899
Improvements in Roller-bearings.
I, SIEGMUND FREUND, trading as S. Freund and Pels, of 61, Kaiser Wilhelm-
strasse, Hamburg, Germany, Railway Engineer and Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement--
This invention relates to improvements in roller-bearings.
The important point in connection with roller-bearings is to afford the rollers
the hardest possible bearing- or running-surfaces. With ordinary bearing frames
and axle-boxes, this cannot easily be done, since these are usually made of cast-
iron. If, however, the cast-iron boxes are furnished with an internal steel
cylinder or lining, extra and tedious work is necessitated, and in many cases
where an inexpensive bearing is requisite, as, for instance, on small railways, a
steel lining for the bearing is out of the question.
According to the present invention, the cast-iron axle box is furnished with a
steel cylinder without the necessity of being specially prepared or constructed by
expensive labour.
This is effected by inserting a layer of compressible material,
such as india-rubber, paper, felt, spongy or woven material, or the like, between
the two. There is, however, a further advantage in employing a loosely inserted
steel cylinder, viz., that the bearing surfaces of the cylinder can be worn on
several sides.
A roller bearing of the kind is illustrated on Figs. 1 to 3, of the accom-
panying sheet of drawings. Fig. 1 shows the cross-section of an undivided, and
Fig. 3 that of a divided bearing, i.e., one in which the halves are bolted or other-
wise secured together.
In the bearing as shewn on Figures 1 and 2, the steel cylinder or lining S is
forced or otherwise inserted into the bearing-box B, after the latter has been
lined with felt F. The bearing-box may be larger in the bottom part, as shown
on Figure 1, and the ends of the felt laid over one another, whereby a larger
space is left for the lubricating oil. The shaft A presses the rollers R against
the inner circumference of the steel cylinder, which in turn rests against the
felt lining F.
By means of this arrangement it is possible, without trouble, to turn the
cylinder to one side after it has been worn, so as to equalize the wear over the
whole surface or circumference. The soft layer or cushion itself, however, effects
the self-adjustment of the bearing in case the pressure is one-sided. The cylinder
shewn on Figure 2 is locked in position by means of two pins.
The steel cylinders S which are intended to be used as bearing surfaces for
the rollers can be bored out or by means of suitable rolling-mills can be brought
into use as smooth rolled cylinders. Such steel cylinders may, however, consist
of two parts S1 and S2 (Fig. 3).
The parts of a composite steel cylinder of the kind can also be produced as
pressed or stamped bushes.
For divided axle boxes B as shown in Figure 3, the steel cylinder halves S

page_text: and S2 can also be provided in every part of the axle-box with a special felt
cushion For F2.
The present form of roller bearing with steel cylinder has, moreover, the
further advantage that the lubricating of the bearing can be more perfectly
effected. If, for instance, the bearing surfaces of the steel cylinders are fur-
nished with a number of perforated holes, the lubricating oil taken up by the
felt layer F can trickle through at these places and the oil will be most ener-
getically pressed out of the felt layer exactly at those places where the axle presses
to the greatest extent against the cylinder, so that to those places where lubrication
is most required, the lubricant will be most abundantly supplied.
By the variations in the direction of the demands made on the shaft, the
layer saturated with oil will be at times pressed out and at other times caused
to absorb oil afresh.
By reason of this saturation of oil, the layer of felt for the steel cylinder
becomes more elastic and diminishes the effects of shocks, to which the rollers
are liable to be subjected.
It is of course understood that india-rubber is used for the compressible layer
only when the oil is not used for the lubricant. With rubber or other substance
deleteriously affected by oil, some other lubricant, c.g. plumbago, will be
necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is―
(1). A roller-bearing, the distinguishing feature of which is that between the
steel cylinder S, which serves as a bearing-surface for the rollers R, and the
bearing or axle-box B, a layer of compressible material, such as india-rubber,
paper, felt, spongy or woven substance of the like is placed, for the purpose of
simplifying the production of roller bearings with steel cylinders or linings and,
by turning the cylinders within the axle-boxes, to enable them to be worn equally
on all sides substantially as described.
(2). A modification in the form of the roller bearing claimed in Claim 1, in
which the steel cylinder S is furnished over its bearing surface with a number
of holes, for the purpose of enabling the lubricating oil absorbed by the com-
pressible lining F to flow on to the bearing surfaces, substantially as herein
described.
T

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1899-Accepted, 11th Nov., 1899
Improvements in Roller-bearings.
I, SIEGMUND FREUND, trading as S. Freund and Pels, of 61, Kaiser Wilhelm-
strasse, Hamburg, Germany, Railway Engineer and Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in roller-bearings.
The important point in connection with roller-bearings is to afford the rollers
the hardest possible bearing- or running-surfaces. With ordinary bearing frames
and axle-boxes, this cannot easily be done, since these are usually made of cast-
iron. If, however, the cast-iron boxes are furnished with an internal steel
cylinder or lining, extra and tedious work is necessitated, and in many cases
where an inexpensive bearing is requisite, as, for instance, on small railways, a
steel lining for the bearing is out of the question.
According to the present invention, the cast-iron axle box is furnished with a
steel cylinder without the necessity of being specially prepared or constructed by
expensive labour. This is effected by inserting a layer of compressible material,
such as india-rubber, paper, felt, spongy or woven material, or the like, between
the two. There is, however, a further advantage in employing a loosely inserted
steel cylinder, viz., that the bearing surfaces of the cylinder can be worn on
several sides.
A roller bearing of the kind is illustrated on Figs. 1 to 3, of the accom-
panying sheet of drawings. Fig. 1 shows the cross-section of an undivided, and
Fig. 3 that of a divided bearing, i.e., one in which the halves are bolted or other-
wise secured together.
In the bearing as shewn on Figures 1 and 2. the steel cylinder or lining S is
forced or otherwise inserted into the bearing-box B, after the latter has been
lined with felt F. The bearing-box may be larger in the bottom part, as shown
on Figure 1, and the ends of the felt laid over one another, whereby a larger
space is left for the lubricating oil. The shaft A presses the rollers R against
the inner circumference of the steel cylinder, which in turn rests against the
felt lining F.
By means of this arrangement it is possible, without trouble, to turn the
cylinder to one side after it has been worn, so as to equalize the wear over the
whole surface or circumference. The soft layer or cushion itself, however, effects
the self-adjustment of the bearing in case the pressure is one-sided. The cylinder
shewn on Figure 2 is locked in position by means of two pins.
The steel cylinders S which are intended to be used as bearing surfaces for
the rollers can be bored out or by means of suitable rolling-mills can be brought
into use as smooth rolled cylinders. Such steel cylinders may, however, consist
of two parts S1 and S2 (Fig. 3).
The parts of a composite steel cylinder of the kind can also be produced as
pressed or stamped bushes.
For divided axle boxes B as shown in Figure 3, the steel cylinder halves S¹
no27

page_text: and Scan also be provided in every part of the axle-box with a special felt
cushion For F2.
The present form of roller bearing with steel cylinder has, moreover, the
further advantage that the lubricating of the bearing can be more perfectly
effected. If, for instance, the bearing surfaces of the steel cylinders are fur-
nished with a number of perforated holes, the lubricating oil taken up by the
felt layer F can trickle through at these places and the oil will be most ener
getically pressed out of the felt layer exactly at those places where the axle presses
to the greatest extent against the cylinder, so that to those places where lubrication
is most required, the lubricant will be most abundantly supplied.
By the variations in the direction of the demands made on the shaft, the
layer saturated with oil will be at times pressed out and at other times caused
to absorb oil afresh.
By reason of this saturation of oil, the layer of felt for the steel cylinder
becomes more elastic and diminishes the effects of shocks, to which the rollers
are liable to be subjected.
It is of course understood that india-rubber is used for the compressible layer
only when the oil is not used for the lubricant. With rubber or other substance
deleteriously affected by oil, some other lubricant, e.g. plumbago, will be
necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
-
(1). A roller-bearing, the distinguishing feature of which is that between the
steel cylinder S, which serves as a bearing-surface for the rollers R, and the
bearing or axle-box B, a layer of compressible material, such as india-rubber,
paper, felt, spongy or woven substance of the like is placed, for the purpose of
simplifying the production of roller bearings with steel cylinders or linings and,
by turning the cylinders within the axle-boxes, to enable them to be worn equally
on all sides substantially as described.
(2). A modification in the form of the roller bearing claimed in Claim 1, in
which the steel cylinder S is furnished over its bearing surface with a number
of holes, for the purpose of enabling the lubricating oil absorbed by the com-
pressible lining F to flow on to the bearing surfaces, substantially as herein
described.
For the Applicant,
GEDGE & FEENY,
Chartered Patent Agents, 60, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.