IMPROVED BOLT AND NUT AND METHOD OF LOCKING SAME
Year: 1888

page_text: I, HENRY BEZER of 19 Bankton Road, Talma Road, Brixton, in the county of
Surrey, Engineer and Patentee do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVED BOLT AND NUT AND METHOD OF LOCKING SAME to be as follows:-
A Bolt and Nut, or the parts which have to be secured by them, as for example a
Rail Fish Joint, are often so made that in screwing home the ordinary flat faced Nut
the several bearing faces can only be brought together or bedded with a lateral or
bending strain upon the Bolt. To obviate this, and also lock the Nut, I put upon the
Bolt a cup faced washer, and form the Nut with a ball face to suit. The ball is saw
cut to a suitable depth to divide it into four Jaws. The cup and Ball allows the Nut
to be screwed home so that its threads will bear equally upon the Bolt threads, and all
the bearing faces will bed without any lateral or bending strain upon the Bolt.. The
Bolt therefore retains its full strength.
The four jaws as they enter the cup washer are, by the power of the spanner, made
to grip the Bolt, the threads in the Ball part of the Nut being set hard into the corre
sponding threads in the Bolt.
Vibration would not have power to open out the jaws, and this is also prevented by
the pressure of the
cup washer.
If desired the jaws can be closed before the Nut is put upon the bolt. Then in
screwing on the Nut the jaws would spring so as to ride over the Bolt threads, and
then when in the required position upon the Bolt, the grip is maintained, and further
secured by the pressure of the Cup washer.
1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Bolt and Nut and Method of Locking same.
I HENRY BEZER of 19 Bankton Road, Talma Road, Brixton, Surrey, Engineer and
Patentee, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
A bolt and nut, or the parts which have to be secured by them, as for example a
rail fish joint, are often so made that in screwing home the ordinary flat faced nut, the
several bearing faces can only be brought together or bedded with a lateral or bending
strain upon the bolt. To obviate this and also lock the nut I put upon the bolt a cup
faced washer, and form the nut with a ball face to suit. The ball is saw cut to a
suitable depth to divide it into four jaws. The cup and ball allow the nut to bo
screwed home so that its threads will bear equally upon the bolt threads, and all the
bearing faces will bed without any lateral or bending strain upon the bolt. The bolt
therefore retains its full strength. The four jaws as they enter the cup washer are by
the power of the spanner made to grip the bolt, the threads in the ball part of the nut
being set hard into the corresponding threads in the bolt. Vibration has not power
to open out the jaws and this is also prevented by the pressure of the cup washer.
If desired the jaws can be closed before the nut is put upon the bolt. Then in
screwing on the nut the jaws would spring so as to ride over the bolt threads, and
then when in the required position upon the bolt, the grip is maintained and further
secured by the pressure of the cup washer.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents the cup faced washer and
Figure the slotted ball faced nut. Figure 3 shows the fastening upon a bolt and it
is evident that were the nut screwed up to force the washer upon a resisting face and
drag the bolt, the ball part of the nut which is saw cut beyond the centre of the ball
would close in until reduced to the size of the cup in the washer and at the same time
the threads in the ball part of the nut would become set hard into the threads in the
bolt. The slotting of the ball beyond its centre enables the ball of the nut to be made
larger than the cup in the washer, and this in rough manufacture admits of variation
in the size of the ball compared with the cup in the washer and allows for wear and
tear of tools &c., whereas if the ball were solid in order to fit the cup washer both the
parts would require very accurate turning or to be otherwise machined.
Figure 4 shows a rail joint in which the fish plates do not bed vertical with the
rail, the bolt head is not at right angles to its shank and the nut is not tapped at right
angles with its bearing face. It is obvious that were this ordinary nut screwed home
the threads in the bolt and nut would be more or less lacerated and the bolt would be
laterally strained or bent.
Figure 5 shows a rail joint with the parts similarly out of truth and with the nut
screwed home. As in this figure my slotted ball faced nut and cup washer are used,
there is equal bearing of the threads against one another both during the screwing
home and when home. The ball of the nut is closed on to the bolt locking it as
hereinbefore described; the bolt remains straight.

page_text: It is not necessary for the ball or rounded portion of the nut to be continued up to
the central aperture or bolt hole and it is in practice better not to so continue it but to
leave a certain portion of the face next the central aperture flat as seen in the drawings
because the nuts in this form can be more economically made in existing nut making
machinery.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim :-
.
1. A nut formed with a ball face and slotted substantially as and for the purpose
bereinbefore described.
2. A nut formed with a ball face and slotted, the ball or rounded portion of the face
not extending to the central aperture or bolt hole, substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
3. Locking nuts and bolts by forcing the face of a ball faced slotted nut into a cup
faced washer on the bolt substantially as hereinhefore described.
Dated this 1st day of February 1889
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Patent Agent.