Improvements relating to Butter Making.
Year: 1898

page_text: I, DAVID RANKEN SHIRREFF GALBRAITH, of Orakei Road, Remuera, Auckland,
New Zealand, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce butter in such a way that it will keep
for a long time perfectly good, and the invention consists in the mode of effecting
this object.
To this end, the cream is separated from the milk in the usual way, and it is
then mixed with a small proportion of an organic acid, after which it is placed in
the churn, and churned in the usual way, and the butter-milk is drawn off.
The grain butter is subjected to, say, four or five washings, and a proportion
of bicarbonate of soda may be dissolved in the water of the last one or two wash-
ings, to neutralize any acid remaining. The butter is then conveyed to the butter
worker, to be worked as usual, and then rolled.
The organic acid, in the form of an aqueous solution, which I prefer to use for
the purposes of my invention, is formic acid, which I may employ in the proportion
of about five per cent., of the volume of cream, and of a strength of about twenty-
two per cent., but I do not wish to confine myself to this acid, as I may use other
organic acids, such as boric, &c., in varying proportions and strength, for my
purpose.
Toted thie 94th day of February 1898
Improvements relating to Butter Making.
I, DAVID RANKEN SHIRREFF GALBRAITH, of Orakei Road, Remuera, Auckland,
New Zealand, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:--
The object of this invention is to produce butter in such a way that it will keep
for a long time perfectly good, and the invention consists in taking away, during
the manufacture, certain constituents which are usually left in, and which form
the vehicle for deterioration.
These constituents may be termed azotised substances, which, becoming decom-
posed after a time, through chemical action, produce rancidity and other detri-

page_text: mental changes in the butter, and must therefore be eliminated, to produce a butter
that will keep.
The mode of effecting the desired object which I employ, is to dissolve these
azotised substances by means of some suitable acid, which brings them into such
a form that they can be readily removed by washing in the usual way.
In carrying out my invention, I first separate the cream from the milk, using
the cream for the purpose of butter making, and I mix with the cream, either
before or after it is put in the churn, a small proportion of a suitable acid, after
which the cream is churned in the usual way.
When the grain butter is obtained, the butter-milk is drawn off, and the grain
butter is subjected to as many washings as may be necessary.
The butter is next conveyed to the butter worker, to be worked up as usual, and
rolled.
A suitable acid to be used for the purposes of my invention, is an aqueous
solution of formic acid, of a strength of about twenty-two per cent., and the pro-
portion employed may be about five per cent. of the volume of cream.
I would here remark that I do not wish to confine myself to the acid above named,
as I may use other suitable acids, say, for instance, acetic acid in varying propor-
tions and strength.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The process of making butter as herein described, and consisting in taking
cream, mixing with it a suitable acid, and then churning it, as and for the purpose
set forth.
2. The process of making butter as herein described, and consisting in dissolving
the azotised constituents contained in the cream, by mixing therewith a small
proportion of a suitable acid, churning the cream so treated, and washing copiously
with water the grain butter produced therefrom as set forth.
3. In the production of butter that will keep, removing the azotised substances
by means of a suitable acid in the manner herein described.
4. In the process of making butter above named, the use of formic acid as and
for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 24th day of November 1898.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.