Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 26th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I WILLIAM JOHN COE of 214 Upper Parliament Street, in the City of
Liverpool, Consulting Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows
-
This invention has for its object an elastic tyre which while having all the.
advantages of the pneumatic tyre and being to a certain extent a pneumatic tyre
will avoid the defect so objected to in the latter that it is liable to get cut and
become useless.
By my invention I employ a comparatively thick tread of indiarubber supported
and made elastic by springs or their equivalent.
and transverse.
These
In carrying out my invention I form 'my pneumatic tyre preferably with the
indiarubber only on the outside, the rim being of metal. Between this rim and
the flat channelled or indented inner surface of the rubber tyre I fix a series of
springs attached to the spokes-either every spoke or every alternate one.
springs can be in the form of carriage springs, volute springs, simple blades or
other arrangement of spring as desired; or instead of a spring a tube of air under
pressure can be used, this can if desirable be formed as a part of the rubber tyre
but in order to lessen the chance of puncture the tread is made very much thicker
than the upper part and is channelled or provided with webs both circumferential
The result is that the wheel runs on these webs and not on the
solid tyre and thus it requires a very deep puncture indeed to cut into the tube.
Furthermore where these webs are used the brake can be formed of a wheel having
elevations or ribs on it complimentary to the depressions or grooves in the tyre.
By pressing this wheel tight on the tyre therefore braking is effected without the
scrubbing action, the latter being very destructive to the tyre. In the above
description it will be obvious that the springs can be arranged in a vast variety of
ways, two or more series of springs can be used, breaking joint with each other
and thus the bearing be extended over a large surface. A blow on the tyre being
by these springs brought to two or more spokes instead of only to the nearest
spoke. Furthermore instead of a bearing on the tyre coming about an inch and a
half or two inches from the tread as in ordinary pneumatic tyres the bearing in
my apparatus can come within about five-eighths or three-fourths of an inch off the
tread, vist. the thickness of the tyre at this point or of the tyre and webs attached
to it.
If a spring breaks at any time it not being in the tyre but between the tyre
and the rim of the wheel it can be very easily taken out and another inserted, and
the tyre allowed to shrink back into position.
These tyres are applicable not merely to velocipedes but with suitable modifi-
cations to road vehicles. In some cases the indiarubber tyre will be sheathed with
or replaced by jointed or flexible steel or other hard metal tyres.
Tated this 19th day of November 1890.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in Elastic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
1, WILLIAM JOHN COE, of 214, Upper Parliament Street, in the City of
Liverpool, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention has for its object an elastic tyre which while having all the
advantages of the pneumatic tyre and being to a certain extent a pneumatic tyre
will avoid the defect so objected to in the latter that it is liable to get cut and
become useless.
By my invention, I employ a comparatively thick tread of india rubber supported
and made elastic by springs or their equivalent.
In the accompanying drawings:-
:-
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 shew in sectional elevation examples of portions of my
improved tyre.
Figures 5 and 6 transverse sections thereof.
Figures 7 and 8 are elevations of portions of my improved pneumatic or cushion
tyre, and
Figures 9 and 10 transverse sections thereof.
Figure 11 is a view of the brake I propose to apply to the corrugated or
serrated tyre.
Referring to Figures 1 to 6 inclusive of these drawings
A, is the india rubber tyre which may, if desired, have a flat, channelled or
indented surface, B the metal rim or felloe of the wheel, and b an annular or bent
plate placed in the trough of the felloe. This latter can be used or not as desired.
Between the rim B (which may be of any suitable section such as that which is
shown in Figures 5 and 6) and the inner surface of the rubber tyre or the annular
plate when used, I fix a series of springs such as CDE F. These springs can
be in the form of carriage springs, volute springs, simple blades or other arrange-
ment of springs as desired. In Figure 1, the springs are rivetted to the rim of the
wheel, the extremities of each spring bearing loosely against the annular plate b.
In Figure 2, the springs are made in lengths, the ends of each length overlapping
the ends of the adjacent lengths. The portions of the spring which rest on the
bottom of the rim, can either be fastened thereto by rivets, or the ends of the
spokes may be passed through the spring and rivetted over.
In Figure 3,
the arrangement of the springs is somewhat similar, but the shape thereof is
different being less elastic than those shown in Figure 2. In Figure 4 an
undulating form of spring is shown, each length being rivetted to the rim, while
the ends overlap the ends of the adjacent lengths, whereby sufficient play is
provided when the wheel is compressed. Cross sections of the rim and springs
are shown in Figures 5 and 6.
Instead of springs, a tube of air may be used. This may be used in conjunction
with the tyre A or be formed as part of the rubber tyre (Figures 7 and 8) but in
order to lessen the chance of puncture the tread is made very much thicker than
the other part and is channelled and provided with a longitudinal web H and
transverse webs I. The result is that the wheels run on these webs and not on the
tyre itself, and thus it requires a very deep puncture indeed to cut into the tube.
If the whole tyre be webbed instead of only the tread thereof, the rim is provided
with channels similar to the webs (see Figure 7).
Furthermore, where these webs H and I are used, a brake can be formed of a
wheel J having elevations or ribs on it, complementary to the depressions or
grooves in the tyre. By pressing this wheel J tight on the tyre therefore, braking
is effected without the scrubbing action, the latter being very destructive to
the tyre.

page_text: In the above description it will be obvious that the springs can be arranged in a
vast variety of ways, two or more series of springs can be used, to break joint.
with each other and thus the bearing be extended over a large surface, a blow on
the tyre being by these springs brought to two or more spokes instead of only to
the nearest spoke. Furthermore, instead of the bearing of the tyre upon the rim
coming about an inch and a half or two inches from the tread as in ordinary
pneumatic tyres, the bearing b in my apparatus can come within about five-eighths
or three-fourths of an inch off the tread namely the thickness of the tyre and webs
attached to it. If a spring breaks at any time, it not being in the tyre, but
between the tyre and the rim of the wheel, it can be very easily taken out and
another inserted and the tyre allowed to shrink back into position.
These tyres are applicable not merely to velocipedes, but with suitable modifi-
cations to road vehicles. In some cases, the indiarubber tyre will be sheathed
with or replaced by jointed or flexible steel or other hard metal tyres.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvement in clastic tyres which consists in forming them with the
indiarubber only on the outer periphery of the rim and inserting in the cavity of
the rim or felloe of the wheel a series of springs adapted to bear against the inner
face of the tyre, whereby vibration is absorbed, not only by the elasticity of the
rubber, but also by the elasticity of the springs, substantially as described.
2. In.an elastic tyre, the combination of a series of springs fixed or mounted
between the rim of a wheel and the inside of the rubber tyre, of an annular plate b
bent round the inside face of the rubber and forming a bearing surface for the
springs.
3. Forming the tyres of velocipedes and other wheels or the treads thereof with
transverse webs and a circumferential web crossing the transverse ones in such a
manner that the wheel runs on these webs and not on the solid tyre, substantially
as described.
4. The various combinations and arrangements of parts forming the improved
elastic tyre for velocipedes and other wheels, substantially as described and
shewn.
تيهو
.
1001
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.