IMPROVED ADDADATT DDADA TUO FOR CULTIVATING
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Fisken, of Stamfordham, in the County of
Northumberland, Presbyterian Minister, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
ADDADATT
DDADA TUO FOR CULTIVATING LM
AR
Sealed the 24th October 1862, and dated the 25th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Fisken at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th April 1862.
1, WILLIAM FISKEN, of Stamfordham, in the County of Northumberland,
Presbyterian Minister, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COLTIVATING LAND BY MEANS OF STEAM POWER," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the employment of two progressive combined
anchor windlasses for hauling ploughs and other implements of tillage. An
anchor and windlass are combined in one frame, and one of these combined
anchor windlasses is placed at each end or side of the field to be cultivated,
opposite the end of the line traversed by the plough or other implement of
culture, and these two combined anchor windlasses are caused to progress by
means of the steam engine or other prime mover along the sides or ends of the
field to be cultivated, so as always to be in a line with the cultivating imple-
ment. These two combined anchor windlasses drag the plough or other
implement alternately from one side of the field to the other. The power of
the engine is transmitted and applied to the working of the combined anchor

page_text: windlasses by means of an endless rope, which first passes round a double-
grooved sheave on the engine, then round a similar double-grooved sheave on
each anchor windlass, and this endless rope is guided by bearing pulleys and a
capstan, which keep it clear of the ground and impart to it a proper tension.
This rope admits of the progressive motion of the combined anchor windlasses
as the work proceeds. The windlasses act alternately, and being each furnished
with a wire rope of ample strength, they drag the set of ploughs or other
implements backwards and forwards by winding the drag ropes alternately on
their respective barrels or drum. The acting windlass for the time being
when the plough has been brought close thereto, is now thrown out of gear,
and that at the other side or end of the field is put into gear and becomes the
acting windlass. Thus, by keeping the anchor windlasses always opposite the
work by means of a driving rope or band and by giving the to-and-fro
traverse to the plough, the whole field will be gradually tilled. The winding
drums or barrels on the anchor windlass as well as the double-grooved
driving sheaves may be mounted either perpendicularly or horizontally in their
frames, and on each windlass an apparatus may be fixed to guide regularly the
winding of the rope. On the front end of each windlass is placed a pair of
serrated bearing wheels, which are put in motion by the driving rope and inter-
mediate gearing, and are made to cut into the soil, and furnish a suitable
resistance to the lateral strain of the drag rope. Rope porters are to be used
where required both for the drag ropes and the endless driving rope.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Fisken in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FISKEN, of Stamfordham, in the County of Northumberland, Presbyterian
Minister, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant upto
me, the said William Fisken, Her special license that I, the said William
Fisken, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Fiskin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times

page_text: thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR CULTVATING LAND BY MEANS OF STEAM POWER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Fisken, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Fisken, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thercon (that is to say):
This Invention relates to the employment of two progressive combined
anchor windlasses for hauling ploughs and other implements of tillage. An
anchor and windlass are combined in one frame, and one of these combined
anchor windlasses is placed at each end or side of the field to be cultivated, in
the line of traverse of the plough or other cultivating implement intended to
be operated. A progressive motion is given to the anchor windlasses by means
of the prime mover along the sides or ends of the field to be cultivated, and
they are thus always kept in a line with the cultivating implement as the work
progresses. The windlasses serve alternately to drag the plough or other
implement from one side or end of the field to the other. The power of the
engine is transmitted and applied to the working of the combined anchor wind-
lasses by means of an endless rope, which first passes round a double-grooved
sheave on the engine, then round a similar doubled-grooved sheve on each
anchor windlass, and this endless rope is guided by bearing pulleys and a
capstan, which keep it clear of the ground and impart to it a proper tension.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents in plan view the manner
of carrying out the cultivation of land according to my Invention, that is, by
the direct haulage of a plough or cultivator by the combined anchor windlasses;
Fig. is a side elevation of the windlass on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 3 is
a plan view of the same, the better to show its construction. It consists of a
rectangular frame A, mounted on carrying wheels B, which, by preference, I
furnish with disc knives B' for entering the earth, as shewn at Fig. 2, and
thereby enabling the windlass to withstand the draught of the traction rope;
C is a vertical shaft carrying a drum D, which is mounted loosely thereon and

page_text: to which a spur wheel D' is attached. This drum is intended to receive one
end of the draught rope E, which (whether divided or not) is properly secured
to the implement E' to be operated, and passes thence to the drum of the
windlass on the other side of the field. Above the drum D and mounted
loosely on the same shaft is a smaller drum F for receiving a rope G,
which is attached to a stationary anchor G' (see Fig. 1), set ahead of the wind-
lass. It is the winding of this rope on the barrel that gives the traverse to the
windlass along the headland. Attached to the drum F is an spur wheel F', for
communicating rotary motion thereto; in a line with the shaft C is the driving
shaft H, which carries at its upper end a pulley H', for receiving an endless
driving rope from the engine shewn at I, Fig. 1; mounted loosely on the vertical
shaft are two pinions D and F2, which gear respectively into the wheels D'
and F. The bosses of these pinions are fitted to engage with a clutch K,
which slides freely between them over a feather on the driving shaft. This
clutch K is worked by a fork keyed to a rock shaft K¹, which carries at its
outer end a hand lever K2. When therefore the rope from the engine is
rotating the pulley H', either drum D or F may be set in action by simply
raising or depressing the band lever K. The pulley H¹ serves also to receive
a band or rope L, Fig. 1, for coupling the anchor windlasses at the opposite
headlands together. By crossing this band the drums of the two windlasses
will be caused to run in opposite directions. Thus, while the drum D of one
windlass is winding up the draught rope and causing the plough E' to approach
that windlass, the other drum D will be unwinding and letting off slack rope
at the same speed that the taut rope is being taken up.
It will now be understood that when the windlasses are arranged at opposite
sides of a field as shewn at Fig, I, and connected to their anchored ropes G,
and the implement is placed between them and coupled to the draught rope
(the cuds of which are coiled around their respective drums D), the motion
communicated to the windlass drums through the endless driving rope or band
from the engine will cause the implement to traverse to and fro over the field.
At the completion of each traverse the attendant at the opposite windlass, by
mcans of the hand lever K throws the slack rope drums D out of action and
sets in operation the drum F, which by winding up a portion of rope G, equal
in length to the required distance between the furrows, causes that windlass to
move endwise a sufficient distance to ensure the implement taking new ground
on its return traverse. By this arrangement of steam cultivating apparatus I
am enabled to ensure direct haulage and avoid the disadvantages consequent
on hauling indirectly by a rope passing around an anchor, viz., loss of power
and excessive strain on the anchor. In order to prevent the slip of the driving

page_text: rope on the pulley, I provide stud axles M on the frame A, for receiving guide
pullies M', which may be used when it is found necessary to give the rope two
turns around the pulley H¹.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of improved apparatus
for cultivating land by means of steam power, and explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understand that under the above
in part recited Letters Patent I claim, working cultivating implements (through
the agency of hauling ropes) by means of combined anchor windlasses, con-
structed and operating as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Fisken, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of October, in the
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
year
W. FISKEN. (L.S.)