IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED IN RAISING AND FORGING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS."
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Thomson, of Old Street, St. Luke's, in the
County of Middlesex, and William Porter, of Manor Park, Lee, in the
County of Kent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED
IN RAISING AND FORGING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Thomson and
William Porter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 26th May 1866.
We, DAVID THOMSON, of Old Street, St. Luke's, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, and WILLIAM PORTER, of Manor Park, Lee, in the County of Kent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY USED IN RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery used in raising
and forcing water and other fluids. For these purposes in constructing a
chain pump the chain is formed in the following mauner:-The links are
alternately composed of plates on edge and plates on the flat. The inner
edges of the plates on edge are curved to correspond with the surfaces of the
upper barrel which gives motion to the chain. At intervals in the chains
pistons are introduced, which are each composed of a plate or plates corre-
sponding in form with the transverse section of the trunk or pipe through

page_text: which they pass in raising water or other fluid. The plate or plates com-
posing each piston is attached to the links of the chain in any convenient
manner, but it is preferred to use two straps or plates bent in the middle, so
as to receive the pins of the contiguous links, the plates or straps being of
like width with the horizontal links of the chain. Each horizontal link bas
affixed to or formed on it an internal projection, and the upper barrel of the
chain of pistons is formed with projections at intervals, which enter between
the plates on edge forming the alternate links of the chain, and they enter
between the ends of the plates which form the horizontal links of the chain.
The pistons are received in recesses formed in the upper barrel, and such is
the case in respect to the internal projections of the horizontal or flat links.
The lower barrel under which the chain passes is plain or cylindrical, and the
internal projections on the inner surfaces of the flat links come against
the same.
In constructing valves of pumps used when forcing or raising water or
other fluid, each passage or opening is covered with vulcanized india-rubber
or other suitable flexible material of such dimensions as to overlap the
opening or passage, and such india-rubber or flexible material is attached to
the valve, so as to be raised and lowered therewith. The valve is on the
surface next the passage or opening, rounded or bevelled, and such surface of
the valve more nearly corresponds with the dimensions of the opening or
passage. The water or other fluid when passing through the passage or
opening bends the india-rubber or flexible material against the rounded
or bevilled surface of the valve, whilst the valve is supported when closed
at a distance from the opening or passage, and at a point or points beyond
the edges of the india-rubber or flexible material, in such manner as not to
press the india-rubber or flexible material between it and the seat of the valve.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said David Thomson and William Porter in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th November 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DAVID
THOMSON, of Old Street, St. Luke's, in the County of Middlesex, and WILLIAM
PORTER, of Manor Park, Lee, in the County of Kent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,

page_text: did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
David Thomson and William Porter, Her special licence that we, the said
David Thomson and William Porter, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said David Thomson and William Porter,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
USED IN RAISING AND FORCING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said David Thomson and William Porter, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said David Thomson and William Porter,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery used in raising
and forcing water and other fluids. For these purposes in constructing a
chain pump the chain is formed in the following manner:-The links are
alternately composed of plates on edge and plates on the flat. The inner
edges of the plates on edge are curve: to correspond with the surfaces of the
upper barrel which give motion to the chain. At intervals in the chains
pistons are introduced, which are each composed of a plate or plates corre-
sponding in form with the transverse section of the trunk or pipe through
which they pass in raising water or other fluid. The plate or plates com-
posing each piston is attached to the links of the chain in any convenient
manner; but it is preferred to use two straps or plates bent in the middle, so
as to receive the pius of the contiguous links, the plates or straps being of
like width with the horizontal links of the chain. Each horizontal link has
affixed to or formed on it an internal projection, and the upper barrel of the
chain of pistons is formed with projections at intervals, which enter between
the plates on edge forming the alternate links of the chain, and they enter
between the ends of the plates which form the horizontal links of the chain.
The pistons are received in recesses formed in the upper barrel, and such is

page_text: the case in respect to the internal projections of the horizontal or flat links.
The lower barrel under which the chain passes is plain or cylindrical, and
the internal projections on the inner surfaces of the flat links come against
the same.
In constructing valves of pumps used when forcing or raising water or
other fluid, each passage or opening is covered with vulcanized india-rubber
or other suitable flexible material of such dimensions as to overlap the opening
or passage, and such india-rubber or flexible material is attached to the valve
so as to be raised and lowered therewith. The valve is on the surface next
the passage or opening rounded or bevelled and such surface of the valve
more nearly corresponds with the dimensions of the opening or passage. The
water or other fluid when passing through the passage or opening bends the
india-rubber or flexible material against the rounded or bevelled surface of the
valve, whilst the valve is supported when closed at a distance from the
opening or passage, and at a point or points beyond the edges of the india-
rubber or flexible material, in such manner as not to press the india-rubber
or flexible material between it and the seat of the valve.
Having thus stated the nature of our said Invention, we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the saine.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows an external elevation of part of a chain pump having our
improvements applied thereto; Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section;
Figure 3 shews an end elevation; Figure 4 shows a section; and Figure 5
a plan of parts of a chain for a chain pump constructed according to our
Invention.
The construction of chain pumps being well known, and as the Drawings
show sufficient thereof so far as our Invention varies the ordinary construction,
it will not be necessary to enter into any description of the working of chain
pumps beyond that which is required to describe our improvements.
a is the upper barrel of a chain pump; the lower one, which is not shown,
is a plain cylinder; b, b, c, c, are the two forms of links used in the con-
struction of the chain; and d, d, are the pistons. The links b, b, of the chain
are composed of plates on edge, whilst the links c, c, are plates on the flat,
and these are pin-jointed by pins e, e. Where the pistons d, d, are introduced
they take the places of some of those links where the plates are used on the
flat, and these flat liuks may be entirely superseded by an increased number
of pistons. The plates which compose the links and come against the upper
barrel on edge are formed to the curve or form of a segment of the upper

page_text: barrel, so that these plates may get bearings for a great part of their length
when on the upper barrel. The pistons are each formed of two plates, which
are rivetted or fixed together with the fitting central material of the piston
between them, and each plate where it is connected by a pin joint to its
neighboring link formed with plates on edge is by preference double, as
shown in the Drawings.
Figure 6 shows part of a plan, and Figure 7 part of a vertical section of a
pump valve constructed according to our Invention. w, w, is the circular
outer seat or bearing of the valve; and x, x, is the circular inner bearing or
seat of the valve; they are both part of one casting; y, y, is the ring valve,
which is guided by the upright guides z, z, which pass through lugs y¹, y¹, of
the ring valve y, y. To the valve y, y, is fixed by a ring y³ a ring plate of
vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable flexible material, and this ring rests
on the inner and outer bearings or seats w, x, when closed. Figure 8 shows
a section, Figure 9 a plan of a hinged or flap valve constructed according to
this part of our Invention.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would bave it understood that what we claim is,―
The combined arrangement of the parts of the chain and pistons of a chain
pump, described by reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings
annexed.
And, secondly, we claim the construction of valves for pumps, herein
described with reference to Figures 6 and 7, also Figures 8 and 9 of the
Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said David Thomson and William Porter,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-sixth day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-six.