IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLORS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Simpson Price, of 7, Green Street, Grosvenor
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Analytical Chemist, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLORS FOR DYEING AND
PRINTING"
Sealed the 4th November 1859, and dated the 25th May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Simpson Price
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 25th May 1859.
I, DAVID SIMPSON PRICE, of 7, Green Street, Grosvenor Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLORS FOR DYEING
AND PRINTING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment of peroxide of manganese or
sesquioxide of manganese, or peroxide of lead in a finely divided state, in
conjunction with an acid solution of a salt of aniline, toluidine, or cumidine,
for the production of colors.
1. In employing the oxides of manganese, I mix the same with an acid
solution of the before-mentioned bases, and allow the mixture to stand for a
short time, with occasional agitation. I then collect the precipitate produced
during this reaction upon a filter, and wash. it until free from salts of man-
ganese. I then boil it with dilute spirit in order to extract the color. The
spirituous solution is then distilled; what remains in the still is an aqueous
solution of the color, which after filtration can be used. If it be desirable to
obtain it in a solid the solution can, after filtration, either be evaporated to
dryness, or the dye can be precipitated by means of an alkali.
2. The color can also be obtained by boiling the above mixture; a large

page_text: quantity of it then goes into solution, together with the salt of manganese
formed. From this solution the manganese is first separated by means. of an
alkaline carbonate. The filtrate from the carbonate of manganese contains
the color, which may be separated as in the process first described. Where
I employ peroxide of lead, I boil the mixture ás in the procéss secondly
.described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent, filed
by the said David Simpson Price in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
SIMPSON PRICE, of 7; Green Street, Grosvenor Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Analytical Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her. Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said David Simpson Price, Her special license that I, the
id David Simpson Price, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said David Simpson Price, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLORS FOR DYEING AND
PRINTING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said David
Simpson Price, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said. Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Simpson Price, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in the employment of suitable salts of aniline,
toluidine, and cumidine, or mixtures of these bases in conjunction with per-

page_text: oxide of lead for the production of certain colouring matters for dyeing and
printing.
"
I
. The colouring matters I produce embrace shades of purple and pink. Three
of these I name respectively violine,' 'purpurine,' and 'roseine,' and the
manner in which I prepare them is as follows:-
For the dark purple or violine,' I take a suitable salt of aniline (I' prefer
the sulphate, and will describe the mode of operating with it). I take one
equivalent proportion (chemical) of aniline, two equivalents of sulphuric acid;
sp. gr. 1850, and add them to a convenient quantity of water, say, about
twenty parts to one of aniline; heat the mixture to nearly 212°. Fahrenheit,
and add to it one equivalent of peroxide of lead. I then boil the mixture for
some time, and filter it whilst hot. The filtrate is of a dark purple bue, and
contains the coloring matter, together with resinous matter and a portion of
sulphate of aniline. To obtain the pure coloring matter from this solution, I
add to it an excess of caustic alkali, and submit it to distillation. until the
whole or nearly the whole of the aniline has been redeemed. The contents of
the still are then filtered, and the residue left upon the filter is slightly' washed
with water, and allowed to drain. To purify this precipitate, which consists
of impure coloring matter, I boil it with water slightly acidulated with
tartaric acid until no more colouring matter is dissolved, when the greater part
of the impurities remain undissolved; I then separate these impurities by
filtration, and concentrate the filtrate by boiling to a small volume. During
evaporation, a further amount of resinous matter separates. The liquor is
then filtered, and may be used for dyeing purposes.
I
To prepare purpurine,' I take two equivalents of; aniline, two equivalents
of sulphuric acid, sp. gr. 1850, and dissolve them in about twenty parts of
water, and raise the temperature of the solution to the boiling point, and then
add to it one equivalent of peroxide of lead. The mixture is then boiled. .I
have found in practice that from one to two hours is sufficient for this purpose.
I then filter the purple-colored solution whilst hot, and allow it to stand until
cold. Upon cooling, a portion of the coloring matter separates in a flocculent
form; I collect this precipitate, slightly wash it with water, and allow it to
drain. I then boil it with water, slightly acidulated with tartaric acid, and
complete the purification as has been described for violine.' The filtrate
from the flocculent precipitate before mentioned I render alkaline by the
addition of caustic potash or soda, and distil it until the whole or nearly the
whole of the aniline has been redeemed. The residue left in the still I
collect on a filter, and treat it in the manner already described.
To prepare roseine,' I take one equivalent of aniline, one equivalent of

page_text: sulphuric acid, sp. gr. 1850, and dissolve them in about twenty parts of water;
raise the temperature of the solution to the boiling point, and add to it two
equivalents of peroxide of lead, and keep the mixture boiling for a short
time. I then filter the rose-coloured. solution, concentrate it by boiling to
separate the resinous impurities, which precipitate and filter. The filtrate
is a solution of the coloring matter, fit for dyeing purposes. In the formation
of this coloring matter nearly the whole of the aniline is acted upon. In the
whole of these processes I prefer to add the peroxide of lead in a moist and
finely divided state.
In order to obtain the coloring matters in a solid form, I take the solutions,
purified as described, and precipitate them by the addition of a slight excess of
caustic alkali, collect the precipitate, allow it to drain free from the mother
liquor, and dry it at a temperature not exceeding 212° Fahrenheit.
It will be understood that by modifying the above proportions, coloring
matters of different shades may be obtained. It will be obvious that where
other acids, the lead salts of which are soluble, are employed in the place of
sulphuric acid, the process of purification will require to be modified. In the
preparation of violine' and 'purpurine' a considerable quantity of aniline
is evolved during the ebullition of the mixture of sulphate of aniline and per-
oxide of lead; I, therefore, prefer to conduct the operation in a still or suitable
vessel, which enables me to collect the aniline.
I do not limit my Invention to the use of salts of aniline alone, as the salt
of the other bases or mixtures of the same produce coloring matters when
treated in the manner before described; nor do I limit myself to the exact
proportions above given; but what I do claim as the Invention secured to me
by the above in part recited Letters Patent is, the preparation of purple and
pink coloring matters from sulphate or other salts of aniline or similar bases
in conjunction with peroxide of lead.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Simpson Price, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of November, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
.DAVID S. PRICE. (L.S.).
Signed and sealed in the presence of
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
Solicitor..