Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 4th Sec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 6th July, 1895
I, CARL OSTLUND, of 3 Lilla Gråbergsgatan, Stockholm, Sweden, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with wickless burners
adapted for burning petroleum for heating purposes and its objects are to produce
the complete combustion of the petroleum whilst at the same time preventing its
becoming overheated and consequently decomposed resulting in the deposition of
carbon as is often the case with ordinary wickless burners; and furthermore, where
possible, to dispense with the pump hitherto used to produce the requisite pressure
on the surface of the oil.
According to my invention complete combustion is secured by providing the
spreading plate which is located over the flame and round the edge of which the
flame spreads with apertures which are so arranged that they direct the part of
the flame that passes out through them against the part of the flame that burns
round the edge of the said plate. In this way the products of combustion, the
unburnt gases and the air carried along are effectually mixed together, with the
result that complete combustion takes place. To prevent the overheating of
the petroleum vapour it is not, as hitherto, led to the flame through pipes that are
directly heated by the flame so as to convert the petroleum into gas before it
reaches the exit aperture of the burner, but the petroleum is vaporized by
conduction only, it being led to the said exit aperture from the petroleum reservoir
through a pipe situate under the said exit-aperture. To this end the burner
consists principally of a heat-conducting annular plate which surrounds the flame
and is connected by heat-conducting brackets with a piece of metal provided
with a hole and the necessary channel for the gas and, it may be, with a valve for
regulating the passage of the vapour through the channel. The said piece of
metal is attached to the vertical end of a pipe leading from the petroleum-
reservoir. Above the said plate and at a little distance from the same the
spreading plate is located, thus forming a passage for the flame between the two
plates. By this arrangement the petroleum is heated sufficiently to pass into the
gaseous state without being overheated.
In the annexed drawings,
Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of a petroleum stove according to this
invention and
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same without the dispersing plate.
a is the spreading plate round the edge of which the flame spreads itself, and
b are apertures therein. c is the heat-conducting plate under the spreading-plate a,
d the heat-conducting brackets, e the piece carrying the nipple f which is provided

page_text: with the exit-aperture and, in the example shown, is made in one piece with the
brackets d and the plate c. The piece e is bored out and pushed on the pipe h,
leading from the petroleum-reservoir g. i is the regulating valve. is the dish-
shaped piece of copper or other material of high heat-conducting power, which is
attached to the pipe h and which for steadying purposes, may be attached to the
bottom of the ignition-cup 7. The petroleum is poured into the reservoir 9.
Through an opening covered by the screw-cap m, the surface of the petroleum in
the reservoir g being preferably kept below the lower edge of the piece k.
The
pipe h passes through the bottom of the reservoir 9, which is provided with
holes n round the pipe and underneath with a concave piece o by means of
which communication between the interior of the reservoir and the pipe h is
maintained.
The stove is put into operation in the ordinary manner by first igniting spirit or
the like placed in the cup; and when this has nearly burnt out, opening the
valve i, whereupon the vapour that has been produced rushes out through the exit-
aperture in the nipple fand is kindled by the spirit-flame. The piece e and the
pipe h are then kept sufficiently warm, in the way already mentioned, to vaporise
the oil. The dish-like piece k is heated at the same time by conduction and in its
turn heats the air or vapour in the reservoir, thereby increasing to the necessary
extent the pressure of the said air or vapour on the surface of the oil and thus
obviating the necessity of a pump. The effect of the piece k may be augmented
by making incisions in parts thereof in order to increase the circulation of the air.
Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, and
Fig. 4 a plan of the burner as arranged when the reservoir of oil is at a
distance therefrom. This construction differs from that hereinbefore described
only in the absence of the regulating valve i. In this construction the dish-shaped
piece k cannot be used; and the pressure on the surface of the oil must here be
produced by a pump or other suitable means.
D
Improvements in and connected with Vapour-burners.
I, CARL ÜSTLUND, of 3 Lilla Grabergsgatan, Stockholm, Sweden, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with wickless burners
adapted for burning petroleum for heating purposes, and it has for objects to effect
the complete combustion of the petroleum whilst at the same time preventing its
becoming overheated and consequently decomposed resulting in the deposition of
carbon as is often the case with ordinary wickless burners; and furthermore, where
possible to dispense with the pump hitherto used to produce the requisite pressure
on the surface of the oil.
According to my invention complete combustion is effected by providing the
spreading plate, which is located over the flame and round the edge of which the
flame spreads, with apertures which are so arranged that they direct the part of
the flame that passes out through them against the part of the flame that burns
around the edge of the said plate. In this way the products of combustion, the
unburnt gases, and the air carried along are effectually mixed together, with the

page_text: result that complete combustion takes place. To prevent the overheating of
the petroleum-vapour, the said vapour is not, as hitherto, led to the flame through
pipes that are directly heated by the flame so as to convert the petroleum into gas
before it reaches the exit aperture of the burner, but the petroleum is vaporized by
conduction only, it being led to the said exit-aperture from the petroleum reservoir
through a pipe situate under the exit-aperture. To this end the burner consists
principally of a heat-conducting annular plate which surrounds the flame and is
connected by heat-conducting brackets with a piece of metal provided with a
hole and the necessary channel for the gas and, it may be, with a valve for
regulating the passage of the vapour through the channel. The said piece of
metal is attached to the upper end of a pipe leading from the petroleum-reservoir.
Above the said plate, and at a little distance therefrom, is located the spreading
plate, thus forming a passage for the flame between the two plates. By this
arrangement, the petroleum is heated sufficiently to pass into the gaseous state
without being overheated.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 shows partly in elevation, and partly in section a petroleum stove
constructed according to this invention; and
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same but without the spreading plate.
a is the spreading plate around the edge of which the flame spreads itself, and
bare apertures therein for the purpose herein before mentioned. c is the heat-
conducting plate arranged under the spreading plate a; d the heat-conducting
brackets and e a metal piece carrying a perforated nipple fand made, in the example
shown, in one piece with the brackets d and the plate c. The piece e is bored
out and secured over the pipe leading from the petroleum-reservoir 9. i is the
regulating-valve. k is a dish-shaped piece of copper or other material of high
heat-conducting power it is attached to the pipe h and may, for steadying purposes
be attached to the bottom of the ignition-cup 1. The petroleum poured into
the reservoir g through an opening normally closed by a screw cap m, the surface
of the petroleum in the said reservoir being preferably kept below the lower edge
of the piece k. The pipe h passes through the bottom of the reservoir g which is
provided with holes a around the pipe, and underneath with a concave piece o by
means of which communication between the interior of the reservoir and the pipe h
is maintained.
The stove is put into operation in the ordinary manner by first igniting spirit
or the like placed in the cup I, and, when this has nearly burnt out, opening the
valve i, whereupon the vapour that has been produced rushes out through the
exit-aperture in the nipple and is ignited by the spirit flame. The piece e and
the pipe are then kept sufficiently warm, in the way already mentioned, to
vaporise the escaping oil. The dish-like piece k is heated at the same time by
conduction and in its turn heats the air or vapour in the reservoir, thereby increasing
to the necessary extent the pressure of the said air or vapour on the surface of the
oil and thus obviating the necessity of a pump. The effect of the piece k may be
augmented by making incisions in parts thereof in order to increase the circulation
of the air.
Fig. 3 is an elevation partly in section, and Fig. 4 a plan, of the burner as
arranged when the reservoir of oil is at a distance therefrom. This construction
differs from that herein before described only in the absence of the regulating valve i
and of the dish-shape piece k which cannot be used, the necessary pressure on the
surface of the oil in the reservoir being in this case produced by a pump or other
suitable means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a wickless burner for burning petroleum for heating purposes, a flame
15

page_text: part of the flame passing through them against the part of the flame rising around
the edge of the plate substantially as herein described for the purpose specified.
2. A wickless burner adapted to burn petroleum for heating purposes, comprising
a flame spreading plate of the kind specified in the preceding claim, and a heat
conducting plate provided with a central opening for the passage of flame, arranged
at a short distance below the said flame spreading plate and connected by means of
heat conducting brackets to a metal nozzle piece which is provided with an exit opening
and the necessary channel for the passage of petroleum vapour, and is attached to
the upper end of a pipe leading froin the oil reservoir for the purpose of heating
and vaporizing petroleum passing therethrough but without decomposing the same
substantially as herein described.
3. A vapor burner of the kind specified in the preceding claim in which the
pipe carrying the burner proper extends into an oil reservoir and has attached
thereto heat-conducting material arranged within the air space at the upper part of
the said oil reservoir so as to heat the air and vapour therein and thereby produce
the necessary pressure on the surface of the oil to effect its expulsion without the
use of a pump or equivalent device, substantially as herein described.
4. My improved vapour burner constructed arranged and operating substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or modified
according to Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings.
Doted thin 15th dn. of Rahuary 1905