Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan., 1894-Accepted, 7th July, 1894

page_text: :
in pipes the condensing pure air is sent from the jackets to purify and cool
the furnace galleries: the residual products from the gas go as usual to a well for
utilisation.
When it is desired for coal or other fuel gas to be mixed with that from the
furnace, retorts are inserted into the furnace, with their charging ends opening into
one chamber, the discharging into another: resulting coke or carbon is utilised for
the filters, and after sent with the impurities to the furnace as fuel.
"Cabinets" are supplied to the inhabitants in place of water closets, by which
the liquid and solid excrement are taken to different vessels, or different divisions of
the same vessel, that are automatically subjected to heat, by the weight of the
operator depressing the seat, and thereby opening the taps, when the "cabinet" is
in use and by the liquid that remains after use, raising a float, which keeps the
taps open, and turns on gas obtained from the furnace, to a burner, one small jet
being always kept lit for lighting up: simultaneously compressed air is turned on
from its store supplied by the engine, which passing through a coil, is also heated
by the gas, and supplies jets in a pipe that circulates the vessel which receives the
solids, assists in drying them, and forces them down into a conical zigzag vessel,
by which they are flattened to a thin layer, and subjected to large heating surfaces:
the vapour passes off by a pipe: the residue is dried, and with the surplus heat
and all smell is thrust into a pipe, in which a jet of compressed air cools, and
causes them to pass through a valve, past a syphon which carries off moisture, or
slop water, to an overflow: it passes through a back valve, is subjected to the heat
of the kitchen or other fire, and with the gas of all fires, smells from ash pit, and hot
rooms passes out of the house to main pipes, where it unites with similar from other
houses, and goes through a back valve: being drawn by the heat of the furnace as
it circulates it in pipes or channel, together with jets of compressed air, and jets of
burning gas, according to the draft required, and the contour of the roads
traversed it then passes over a branch for abstracting the dust for manurial
purposes and another with a back valve to draw off smells and heat from furnace
galleries and goes to a chimney where it is directed upon the surface of a
sump" kept at constant level by a syphon, and agitated by falling sprays of
water, through which the ascending vapour passes, and is further purified on its
way to the atmosphere: the water and sludge passes to a filter, and is sent again to
the spray by a pump where there is more than one district the chimney is placed
near that furnace having the greatest altitude.
.66
At the "cabinet" the separated liquid excrement, passes through a back valve,
and the float keeping the taps open causes the vessels to be heated until it is
evaporated the vapour descends an overflow pipe, with that from the solids, and
is condensed by a jet of air and caused to flow away with the slop water: it then
leaves the house unites with similar in the mains, and that from the roofs and streets,
after filtration, passes to the pipe jackets of the gas condensers at the furnace, to its
tuyers, and supplies the furnace boiler.
The flues of domestic and other fires are not open to the atmosphere, but a draft
is created and their products of combustion are drawn by a jet or jets of compressed
air, and forced into a closed "water seal" vessel, so that the air passing through
the "seal" leaves all impurities in the water which is kept at a given level by a
ball tap the air passes to the ashpit, and with its foul air and that from close rooms
is drawn away and joins that from the "cabinet" the sludge is thrust out of the
"water seal" through a branch to the ashpit.
Impure products from works, and other places, solid and liquid are treated similarly
to the above.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION.
The drawings Sheets 1 to 5, Figs. 1 to 23, show in detail, generally at varying
parallel planes, the apparatus described.
Figs. 1 and 2 being vertical sections at right angles. Wies 2 and ↑ coctional

page_text: a typical adaptation in plan and section to a dwelling house partly in elevation :
and parts of streets.
Fig. 9 in transverse section: Fig. 10 in longitudinal section and elevation, and
Fig. 11 in half plan, in section and elevation are details of a furnace drum.
Fig. 12 in plan: Figs. 13 to 14 in vertical sections, and Figs. 15 to 17 are details
" cabinet."
of a
Fig. 18 in longitudinal section and Fig. 19 in transverse section are details of a
filter.
Fig. 20 in transverse section, Fig. 21 in plan and Figs. 22 to 23 show in detail
the water seal" for fireplaces.
Figs. 1 to 8. A refuse destructor furnace A, is fixed at levels to give room for
pipe subways under the roads, and at the intersection of streets G, having pave-
ments G A, curbs G B and street filters P.
The gas pipes H: those for compressed air J: "cabinet" and fire residual K:
overflow water pipes L connect the furnace A and houses M: H H is their water
supply pipe: the directions of their flow are indicated by arrow heads: MA is.
the front entrance to the house, M B back exit, M C kitchen or other fire normally
in use, MD other fire places, ME boiler, M F bath, MG sink, and NNA two
" cabinets."
Each urnace A has a hearth B, made to screw in and out by handles BA
through screw bolts BC, and pitch chain and pinions BD:
A drum C, Figs. 9 to 11, carried on top of the furnace A, has a measuring
"lock" or chamber CX between it and the refuse and solid fuel stores CA and CC,
that are charged through openings C B and CD (Figs. 1, 2, and 4) so that the
It is carried by
charges passing into the drum give room for its door CK to act.
trunnions CF upon bearings CG; one trunnion C F and one end of the drum C
is separate from the body, and attached by bolts CJ: each trunnion carries a
toothed wheel CH: the cover C K at each end carries a pair of hinged rods C L,
against which the volute or other springs CM carried in gland boxes CMA act,
and keep it when being opened against and within the drum C, and when being
closed it is wedged up tight by inclines C KA: the trunnions CN carry the
boxes CMA and are able to rotate within the trunnions CF, outside which they
have keyed to them toothed wheels CO.
A casing CP carries within the boxes CQ, springs CQ, that act through the
rods C R, upon longitudinal, and curved transverse, packed rods CS, and forces
them, against the sides and ends of the drum C and keeps them gas tight. Side
axles CT carried by bearings CU have pinions CV, and interchangeable
handles CW, so that when one axle CT is rotated, its pinions CV rotate the
wheels CH, and the drum C, and its cover C K together: and when the other
axle CT is rotated its pinion CV rotates the wheels CO, and the drum cover C K
only is opened or shut.
The "lock" CX is opened or closed to the refuse or fuel stores CA and CC
by the sliding doors CX A and C X G, which are provided with ratchets CX B
and CX H, these are worked by pinions CX C and CXJ carried by axles CXF
and CX K either directly or through the pitch chain C XE when handles C W
are worked.
A tubular boiler D supported by the pipe arms DA, DB and DC and a two
tubed ring DD: DB and DC are tubes, the former for supplying liquid fuel
through the ring DD to the furnace A: the boiler feed is heated by passing
through the jackets of the gas pipe F, tuyers E, and the furnace A through
pipe D C, and upper tube of ring DD, and enters the outer boiler tubes DE, that
carry by their arms connecting with the inner tubes D E, the bonnet DF: the
refuse and fuel thus meets and cools the outer pipes DE, which with the feed,
create circulation in the boiler D.
Tuyers E that supply the furnace A with a hot air blast sent from the
compressor EZ, which is worked by the steam from the boiler D through the
engine and made hot by its passing through the pipe or channel E C, which has

page_text: goes through the valve E E and pipe E A.
One or more jacketed pipes F at different levels, the upper to carry off the more
volatile
vapour and
gas, they pass through perforated deflectors FA and are
condensed by water passing through the jackets and lead to hydraulic mains FD:
the gas passes by pipes FE to other condensing jacketed pipes F F, provided with
jets of compressed air by pipes J, which after expanding purifies the galleries of
the furnace A the gas, by pipes FG passes to scrubbers F H in room F K, and
pipe FJ to purifiers in room F L, and to a pump, metre, gasholder, not shown, and
thence circulates the district.
:
The residuals are syphoned off at FM, F N (Fig. 7) and FO, and sent to a
tar well FP.
<
THE "CABINET" N,
Figs. 12 to 17 are formed of a cover NA hinged to a seat N B and riser NC,
which are connected by straps ND, that with the bolts NE form hinges upon
which they centre: below the seat NB, a directing division or chamber NG
separates the liquid from the solid excrement, the liquids pass through the back
valve N J, to a
"
sump or depression NL in the vessel N K, which is formed of
a complete, or half circle, as required, in which the float N M rests, and carries the
rods N N and NNA that passes down the overflow pipe L, and is attached to a
lever NP, that passes through an opening in it, centres at NQ, and by its
bolt N V, is attached to the slotted levers N R and NS of the gas tap N U, and
compressed air tap NT, that are fixed in the pipes H and J: H carries a burner OL
attached. arranged with a small jet that is always kept lit: and J has a coil O M
for heating the air. The riser NC Figs. 15 to 17, when depressed actuates the
lever NW, which centres at NX, through the rod NY, thrusts up the rod NZ,
which is attached to the lever NP, and by it opens the taps NT and NU: so
that when in use and when any liquid remains in the vessel N K, the taps remain
open.
The solids fall upon the conical vessel O which is encircled by the coil OM
which supplies the air to jets ON that thrust them and their smell down the
conical zigzag, tapering vessel OA, whose sides are extended and gradually
approach each other, until the section is a long narrow slit, it is then formed to
screw upon the pipe K and has openings OD, to admit surplus hot air from
vessel OE a pipe OB having a perforated deflector OBA leads the vapour to
the overflow L: and below, pipe K has a jet OF, of air supplied by pipe J: a
valve OG worked by the lever OJ that centres at OK and works with the
taps NT and NU :
The pipe K connects at KLK with a similar pipe K coming from the other
"cabinet NAA carrying foul air from the ashpit M N, with that of the
fires MD and MC, and rooms through branches NH: and the residual dust, foul
air, smells & vapour carried by the pipe K passes through a back valve M J, is
subjected to the heat of the fire MC and is drawn out of the house by the draft
caused by the destructor furnace A, and air and gas jets acting within and outside
the mains K. It joins similar from other houses, passes through the back
valve KZ (Fig. 2) and the pipe K K, formed and placed in, or at the side of, the
furnace A, like the pipe EC: passes a branch with tap for drawing off the dust
where required, for manurial purposes, is similarly subjected to other furnaces A,
where used, and at that of the greatest altitude, passes to a chimney, and is
directed upon the surface of the water of a sump" kept in agitation by falling
sprays of water, which washes the residue as it ascends the chimney to the
atmosphere the " sump water is maintained at a constant level by a syphon
which carries off water and sludge to a filter.
"
At the "cabinet" the vapour from the liquid in vessel N K, Figs. 13 to 17, and
from the pipe OB, is condensed by a jet NHA of air supplied by pipe J, fixed
in the overflow pipe L, gravitates and meets the water from the bath MF,

page_text: Figs. 2 and 4"
cabinets NA and sink M G, and goes to the filter M M, thence
to the road mains L which receive the water from the roofs of houses and roads,
after it has passed through a road
Filter P, Figs. 18 to 19 which are similar to those at M M and the chimney:
G represents the roadway, GA the pavement, G B the curb and channel, PA a
precipitating pit, PB its covering grating, PD the filtering chamber and
cover PC for the material, which is retained by a perforated bridge P F, through
and over which the water passes to the exit pipe PE.
The flues MDA of the fire places M D and M C Figs. 20 to 23 are turned over
and lead to a 66
"
water seal vessel LC, which has a back valve M D B, a jet J J
supplying compressed air from pipe J, through a tap JZ: a ball tap H HA
supplied with water by pipe HH: a syphon KL A, having a tap KA and bood
on top and connects with similar from other fires, draws off vitiated air from
rooms through pipes NH, and goes to the ash-pit MN by pipe KL. A
branch LB with a tap L BA, connects the bottom of the vessel LC with pipe KL
for taking the sludge from the vessel LC, and a bye-pass L B B having part of its
length LBC of glass shows when the sludge has passed off.
The working is as follows:-
Refuse is taken to the store CA Figs. 1 to 2, admitted to the "lock" CX, when
the door CXA is opened, by rotating the handles C W in galleries CE, thus
actuating the wheels CX D, Figs. 9 to 11, pitch chain C XE and axle CXF,
and allowing a charge to fill the "lock" CX and rest upon the cover C K of
drum C: the door CX A, is then closed and door C K is opened, by handles C W
rotating axles CT pinions CV and wheels CO: the springs CM keep the
door CK against and inside the drum C: the charge falls into the drum C, and it
is closed, the inclines CKA making it tight, and rotated by handles C W, with
axle CT, wheels CV and CH, until the door C K is brought over the furnace A:
the drum C is fixed, and the door C K opened and the charge drops into the
furnace A the door CK is again closed, the drum released and returned to
receive another charge, of refuse or fuel similarly, except that the door CX G is
actuated for the latter. The refuse and fuel being set alight, heat is given out,
and steam generated in the boiler D, Figs. 1 and 2, is lead to the cylinder DZ,
works the engine and compresses pure air in presses EZ, which passes by the
pipe J, through a back valve, to the heating pipe EC, in the furnace A, thence to
the valve E E, tuyers E, and forms a compressed hot air blast to destroy the
refuse and fuel: compressed air also circulates the district in main pipes J. The
residue in the furnace A is run off through tap holes, or extracted through
the bottom, when the hearth B is withdrawn by the handles BA. The gases
evolved from the refuse and fuel, pass through deflectors FA, which retain
unburnt parts, to one or more jacketed pipes F that are supplied with cold water,
to condense and precipitate their residuals into hydraulic mains FD: the gas goes
to the pipes F F and is condensed with compressed jets of air, that after go to
purify, cool, and carry off smells from chambers: the gas is subsequently dealt
with by known means, and sent to a gasholder, and from thence circulates the
district in main pipes H: the products are syphoned off at F M, FN, and FO and
sent to the tar well FP: except that part regulated by the valve DBA,
and diverted to the supports DB and DD of the boiler D, and thence through
perforations to the furnace A: a second pipe and valve DBB connects the reservoir
of other liquid fuel, with the arm DB for a like purpose.
when a
The mains J and H supply air and gas to branch pipes J and H which supply
domestic and other "cabinet" N and NA pipes K, chimney "water seals" LC and
places where pressure, heat, or draft, are required, Figs. 2 and 4 and 12 to 17:
"cabinet" N is used its seat NB and riser NC are depressed against
springs NF, opens the taps NU and NT, by the rods NY, NZ and levers NW,
NP, NR and N S, thus allowing a small jet always alight, to light the burner OL,
and heat the vessels OE, 0, OA, OB, NK, and the coil O M, and supply the
jets ON with hot air so that as the solids, which are separated from the liquids,

page_text: fall upon the vessel O, the air and gravity send them out of sight into the
vessel OA with its smells, squeezes it into a thin layer, which with the heat of the
sides of the vessel, reduces it to a powder, and enables the air, with the draft in
the pipe K to carry it, together with surplus heat from the vessel OE entering at
openings O D, past the jet of air OF: vapour being taken off by the pipe O B, and
moisture by the syphon M H to the overflow pipe L.
The residue passes through the valve OG, which acts with the taps NT
and NU and stops the draft when the "cabinet" N is not in use: goes past the
syphon MH joins similar, from "cabinet" NA Figs. 2 and 4 and the
ashpit M N, with that from the fires MD and M C, and vitiated air from rooms at
the junction KLK: and passes through the back valve MJ, is subjected to the
heat of the fire MC and passes out to the mains K, carrying similar from other
houses to the engine room F Z, through a back valve, is subjected to the heat of
the furnace A, by the gusset pipe KK, connects with a ventilating branch from
gas purifiers, returns to the engine room, past a drawing off branch, to extract dust
for manurial purposes: goes through other district mains to the furnace A having
the greatest altitude, and thence to a chimney stack, where it impinges upon the
surface of the water of a "sump," agitated by falling sprays of water, through
which the residue passes, and is cleansed on its way to the atmosphere: the water
and sludge goes by a syphon to a filter.
At the "cabinet" N, Figs. 12 to 17 the liquid excrement gravitates through the
valve NJ to the "sump" N L in the vessel N K, raises the float N M, that by
rods N N and NNA and levers NP, NR and NS keeps the taps NU and NT
open, after the seat NB is raised by the springs NF until the heat of the
burner OL has evaporated the water, then the float N M falling closes the taps :
the vapour with that from the solids coming by pipe O B, passes down the pipe L,
and is condensed by a jet of air NH A, gravitates down pipe L, with that from
syphon M H, meets that from bath MF, Figs. 2 and 4*, other "cabinet" NA,
sink M G, goes to the filter M M and passes out to the mains L carrying similar
from other houses, the roads, and roofs, after their filtration through road filters P,
Figs. 18 and 19, which precipitates their dense impurities into a pit PA, and
filters the residue through combustable fuel PD which goes to the furnace A :
and passes by the mains L Figs. 2 to 4 to the condensing jackets FC, thence to
the tuyers E, and the boiler D, as its feed, being heated by each and also the
furnace A in pipes DA and D D.
A draft giving the combustion to the fires MD and M C, is obtained through a
flue M D A, Figs. 20 to 23 by a jet of air JJ which injects the products through
the openings JJA, past the valve M D B, into the "water seal" vessel LC,
which presses upon the water surface maintained by the ball tap HHA, and
escapes through it and that in the syphon K LA, past its tap KA, leaving the
dirt in the water, while the air passes down pipe K L, joins similar from other fires
and vitiated air from rooms coming through pipes NH, Figs. 2 and 44 to the
ashpit M N and passes off through pipe K and joins that from the "cabinets" N
and NA: the syphon hood KLB prevents the water from being blown down
pipe KL. The sludge precipitates in the "seal" LC, and is periodically sent
through tap L BA and branch L B to the pipe KL and ashpit MN, after the
tap KA is closed: the jet J J is used to thrust it down and the glass tube LBC
shows when it is gone.
:
"Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
-claim is "
1st. Destroying the refuse of inhabited areas in closed furnaces, alone or with
fuel, that a desired gas may be obtained. With the heat of the furnace to generate
steam, and therewith compress pure air by an engine: after the air is heated by
the furnace, sending it through tuyers into the furnace as a compressed hot blast.
For circulating the areas with some of such gas and compressed air, in pipes, and

page_text: :
supplying them to "cabinets," which separate the liquid and solid human excrement.
when produced: reduce them with heat produced by burning the gas, and with the
air, when similarly heated until their residue can be drawn away in pipes, by a
draft of air created by the heat of the kitchen or other fire: or by burning jets of
the gas outside and heating the residue within ascending pipes, and letting jets of
the compressed air escape within descending pipes: or the heat created in pipes.
by the destructor furnace as they circulate it: or by a combination of each of such
means and as it advances it unites with the residual gas from fires, after having -
passed through "water sea!" vessels, and foul air from rooms and ashpit: an as
the residue passes the fire, jets and furnace, subjecting it to their heat. For
extracting the dust for manurial purposes, and cleansing the residue with sprays of
falling water, as it ascends a chimney to the atmosphere for filtering the water
through combustable material, and sending it with its impurities, as fuel to the
furnace for the destruction of the refuse substantially as described.
:
2nd. A closed refuse destructor furnace constructed with a hearth, made tight
and removed, by being screwed up with screw bolts connected by, pinions and a.
pitch chain and worked by handles.
:
A drum, having hollow trunnions attached to its square ends and a door which.
when closed forms a true cylinder, and carries each end a pair of hinged rods which.
pass through glands, rest against springs fixed within gland boxes that are carried
by hollow trunnions and pass through the others: each pair of trunnions carry
toothed wheels, that are worked by pinions carried by axles fixed each side of and
parallel to the drum, having hand levers by which either can be actuated: the
axles rest in bearings carried by a casing, that also carries a pair of packed
longitudinal rods each side, and a curved transverse rod each end of the drum, that
are forced against it by rods, acted upon by springs, carried in boxes also supported.
by the casing, so that they are gas tight: When the door is opened it is thrust
inside the drum, by its inclined edge, and compresses the springs, when closed the
springs thrust it out again, and inclines carried on the ends of the drum wedge it.
up tight.
A measuring "lock," formed above the drum, and of less capacity, enclosed by
two doors, one to shut off a refuse store, the other a solid fuel store, actuated by
ratchets and pinions carried on axles so that refuse or fuel may be passed separately
to the drum in known quantities by rotating the axles.
A tubular boiler, carried in the centre by hollow arms, and a ring having two-
tubes, in one of which the boiler feed is heated by the furnace on its way to one or
more vertical or diagonal boiler tubes ranged in a circle, the upper arms of which
connect with similar inner tubes, and carry a bonnet to protect them, and the steam
dome, from the refuse and fuel as it enters the furnace and chills the outer tubes,
that with the feed creates a circulation in the boiler. The other tube of the ring,.
and an arın, supplies liquid fuel to the furnace.
Tuyers by which compressed air is sent to the furnace after it has been heated
by it, by means of one or more pipes or channels fixed within or at the side, and
having feathers, or gussets, for deflecting their contents as they pass through for
more effectually heating them.
One or more jacketed condensing pipes, near the top provided with perforated
deflectors through which the gas generated in the furnace passes off, are condensed
with cold water, and with their products go to hydraulic mains: they are further
condensed by jets of compressed air expanding in other jacket condensers, and
subsequently purified, by known means, and sent to store substantially as
described.
3rd. For vaporising and reducing human excrement, at the time of their
production, by the gas and compressed air obtained by means of refuse destructor
furnaces, acting in "cabinets," which separate the liquids from the solids, heat
their receiving vessels, and the air by means of a coil, with a gas burner, when
their regulating taps are opened by the weight of a person pressing down the seat
and riser against springs, that through levers and rods actuate the taps and light.

page_text: the burner with a small jet always kept lit. Taking the air from the coil to jets
fixed round a conical vessel upon which the solids fall, thrust them out of sight
into a tapering zig zag corrugated extension of the vessel, and spread it into a wide
thin layer, giving large heating surfaces to act upon it: drawing off the vapour and
condensing it: condensing the residue, and surplus heat by a jet of air: sending it
through a valve, worked with the taps: meets a branch carrying similar residue
from other "cabinet" and foul air from ashpit, fire flues and rooms, passes through
a back valve, is subjected to the heat of a kitchen fire and passes into the main
pipes.
For diverting the separated liquid excrement at the "cabinet" through a back
valve, into a vessel heated with the others and formed with a "sump" in which
it collects, and raises a float, that actuates, through rods and levers, the said taps
of the air and gas pipes, and their connections, and keeps them open after the
operator has left, until the liquid is evaporated: an overflow pipe which allows the
vapour from liquid and solids to escape, be condensed by a jet of air, and gravitate
down the pipe, meet syphoned moisture from the solids, and similar coming from
other "cabinet," water from baths, and sinks, goes to a filter, and thence to main
pipes circulating the district substantially as described.
4th. For providing each fire place flue with a "water seal" vessel: having an
injecting jet of air, compressed by the heat of the refuse destructor furnace: a back
valve a water ball tap: a syphon, with tap, and hood on top to return the water
should it be blown up, leading to the ashpit, the foul air of which is drawn away
with other by the furnace, and a branch having a glass "bye pass" and tap
connecting with the bottom of the "water seal," so that the jet of air makes a draft
in the flue, thrusts the products of combustion through the valve, into the "seal,"
leaves the dirt in the water and goes to the ashpit. The sludge precipitates to the
bottom, and when the syphon tap is closed and the branch tap opened, it is forced
by the air through the branch, "bye pass," and pipe, to the ashpit and taken to the
furnace substantially as described.
Dated this 29th day of August 1893.