IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR HOLDING MARKING MATERIALS."
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Pinkney, of 26, Long Acre, in
the County of Middlesex, Ink Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR HOLDING MARKING MATERIALS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Pinkney
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th October 1852.
I, ROBERT PINKNEY, of 26, Long Acre, in the County of Middlesex,
Ink Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR HOLDING MARKING MATERIALS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention has reference to pencil holders or cases in which
the moveable lead is used of the entire length of the holder. The lead
is driven out at the point of the holder by a driver composed of a piece
of wire screwed to a nut which traverses on a tube in the interior of
the holder; this tube contains the pencil, and is attached to either the
top or bottom of the holder, and may be turned thereby. The interior
of the holder has a screw thread formed along its entire length, and
the nut of the driver has a similar thread formed upon it taking into

page_text: the thread in the holder. Thus when the internal tube is turned round
it carries round with it the nut of the driver, which, consequently, tra-
verses along its surface, a slot being cut down one side of the tube for
that purpose. The marking material may be introduced by unscrewing
the point of the pencil.
This Invention may be used for driving any material, and the case.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Pinkney in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 4th February 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ROBERT PINKNEY, of 26, Long Acre, in the County of Middlesex,
Ink Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Pinkney, Her special
license that I, the said Robert Pinkney, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Pinkney, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASES FOR HOLDING MARKING MATERIALS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Pinkney, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Kobert Pinkney, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto attached, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that
is to say):
The outer
This Invention relates to a novel construction of what are known as
"ever-pointed pencils," wherein the adjustable marking lead is of the
whole length, or nearly so, of the holding case; the essential object
of the new arrangement being the obtainment of simplicity of parts, of
neatness of external appearance, cheapness, portability, and convenience
in using with ease and accuracy of adjustment. Figure 1, of the
accompanying Drawings represents a double size external longitudinal
elevation of one modification of this class of pencil. Figure 2, is a
corresponding longitudinal section of the pencil with its
cap and point
retaining holder detached, but in position for screwing on.
case or main body of the holder. A, is a plain cylinder of wood, ivory,
metal, or other material of which pencil and pen holders may be made,
and it has an internal screw thread or groove cut upon it from end to
end, so as to be in effect a long nut, the pitch of this thread being
coarse or fine to suit the intended rate of adjustment of the marking
point. To this internal screw thread or nut is fitted a very short screw
B. of metal or other material, the pitch of the external thread of this
screw, of course, corresponding to that of its long nut.
This screw
piece B, is bored longitudinally through its centre, and through this
bore is passed the long and narrow metal tube C, connected at one end
to the head or cap piece D, turned down at its inner end, and inserted
with a little stiff friction into a short. bored out socket in the upper end
of the holder. The tube is thus supported so as to be capable of
turning on its axis by the socket of the cap D, whilst its other or lower
end is capable of revolving in a small bored socket E, inserted in the
end of the outer case, and screwed externally to receive the separate
point carrier F. The longitudinal axis of the outer case and its
internal tube C, are thus identical. The short screw traversing piece
B, is put in connection with the tube C, by means of a pin or pro-

page_text: jecting feather piece G, forming the pusher, which is fast in the screw,
and entered into a narrow continuous longitudinal slot formed along
the tube C, from end to end. The small marking cylinder H; of
plumbago or other marking material to act as the marking pencil is
contained within the narrow tube C, to the bore of which it fits easily.
This lead is in one continuous piece extending throughout the holder's
entire length when newly fitted in, its inner end abutting against the
end of the projection or pusher G. It is entered for use by unscrewing
the point retainer F, and then pushing it forward into the open end of
the tube C, until the latter is filled. The marking point J, is then
adjusted to the intended amount of projection beyond its carrier F, by
turning the cap D, to the right or left. When this cap is turned to
the right it carries the tube C, round with it; and as the projection
or pusher G, is entered into the slot of the tube the screw piece is
necessarily made to revolve along with the tube. Hence the screw B,
is screwed along the internal thread of its outer shell, its longitudinal
traverse being allowed by the longitudinal slot in the tube C, along
which the pusher G, works. Thus as the lead or marking point wears
away the user of the pencil has peculiar facilities for pushing forward
the worn pencil end by merely turning the cap D, between his fingers,
the lead being gradually protruded by the screw traverse action of the
pusher G. By this mode of construction a serviceable pencil of the
ever-pointed class is secured without involving any objectionable
external collars, clots, rings, grooves, or other actuating apparatus as
commonly required, the entire length of the tube being gained for the
marking material by there being no projecting pin protruding beyond
the pushing nut. It is obvious that the tube C, may be made square
or polygonal for the reception of crayons, chalks, or other drawing
materials. By this arrangement the point piece may be dispensed with.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I may observe, in conclusion, that I do not confine
or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have
had occasion to describe or refer to, as many variation may be made
therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of my

page_text: Invention; but what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, is,
First, the general arrangement and construction of ever-pointed or
adjustable pencils wherein a lead or marker of the holder's whole length
is secured, as herein-before described.
Second, the system or mode of traversing the lead or marking
material in a central containing tube actuated by an end cap or head.
Third, the system or mode of forming adjustable pencils with a
traversing screw piece working into an internal screw thread on the
interior surface of the outer case or shell of the pencil.
Fourth, the system or mode of adjusting the marker in pencils by
means of a revolving containing tube. .
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the
Fourth day of February, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
ROBERT PINKNEY. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered
in the presence of
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
Solicitor and Patent Agent.