Improvements in Machines for Winding Yarns and Threads.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1897
2000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Winding Yarns and Threads.
I, AUGUST MÜLLERS, of 109, Regentenstrasse München-Gladbach, Rhine Province
in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
The well known cross winding machines with reciprocating thread guides, the
movement of which must be a very even one, have the drawback that their
quantitative delivery is only comparatively small because the thread guide in
order each time to reverse without shock at both ends of its course must necessarily
have a very slow movement; in these machines also the curved slots in which the
thread guides are guided are subjected to great wear and tear.
The wound cop
is also never even, as at the commencement of the winding the tension of the
thread is too small, whilst as the cop increases in thickness, the tension of the
thread becomes greater, and the winding consequently tighter. This very easily
causes the so-called backing off of the edges of the cop and in order as far as
possible to avoid this, the cops are only wound to a very moderate thickness.
The unequal tightness of the winding of the cop is accompanied with serious draw-
backs. On the one hand the winding off of the cop, if the latter be gradually
looser in its layers from the outside towards the inside, is equally as uneven as
the winding on was, and on the other hand it is usual in winding off not to wind
off the cop to the last portion but to leave a core which by attaching to it the
thread is again wound up to a full cop; the development from the original core
to the complete cop takes place again however with an unequal tension of thread
and this complete cop contains still more layers of unequally firm winding. This
unevenly or unequally firm winding of the cops is especially deleterious when the
yarn, as is now frequently the case, is to be dyed in the cop itself, the dye liquor
being either forced or drawn through the cop. The saturation of the yarn must
take place unevenly if the layers of the cop are not of equal density and conse-
quently the dyeing is not even.
In order to remove to some extent this inequality in the firmness of the winding
of the cops, efforts have been made to find a remedy by altering the tension of
the thread two or three times during the winding on. This can, however, only be
effected by a temporary cessation of the working and the loss of time causes a not
inconsiderable reduction in the output. Even in this way only an approximate
equality or evenness of winding can be obtained.
If
In cross winding machines with slotted drum by the omission of the evenly
reciprocating thread guide, the output is indeed considerably greater, but even
with this arrangement the drawback of unequally firm winding remains.
winding take place on such a machine with slotted drum without the use of a
thread guide, cross cops are obtained which with increasing thickness become

page_text: proportionately narrower. This arises from the circumstance that the point at
which the thread, emerging from the slot of the drum, is wound on the spool,
assumes with a small diameter of the cop a quite different spiral line than with a
larger circumference of cop. In winding machines with slotted drum, in order
to remove to some extent the existing drawbacks, a ruler or small roller has been
arranged, along which the thread proceeding from the curved slot, is carried before
it is wound on the spool. This guidance remains however constant during the
winding on of a cop and must, according to the thickness which the cop is to have,
be set back about 10 to 15 millimetres from the cop, when the cop is of its
initial smallest thickness. Consequently at the commencement of the winding on
of a cop the thread does not at all encounter the thread-guide and the cop is formed
precisely as if no thread-guide existed. A cop is thus obtained tapering to both
ends, in which the thread very easily backs off, so that this part of the cop in its
further handling very easily becomes useless. As the periphery of the cop
increases, the thread gradually approaches the thread-guide and comes in contact
with the same at an angle which at first is oblique and becomes constantly more
acute with the increasing diameter of the cop. A constantly increasing tension
of the thread is thereby produced, and further the distance between the thread-
guide and the winding line constantly alters and the resultant width of cop alters
correspondingly. If the cop then becomes still thicker a condition finally arises
under which the thread or rather the cop rubs against the thread-guide and the
yarn consequently catches fire.
Cross cops wound in this way with a fixed thread-guide have still the following
several drawbacks:
The first part of the cop has very bad and non-permanent edges, and this
defective part is greater the further the thread-guide is set back at the commence-
ment of the winding. As the tension of the thread to be wound cannot be altered
without great inconvenience and as even this alteration can still not be carried
out sufficiently, the inner part of the cop is loosely wound and the cop then com-
mences to be gradually wound tighter and tighter. The formation of the edges
is also variable and partly bad, which easily causes a backing off of the edges and
thereby renders the cop incapable of being used. For these reasons a winding
machine of the kind last described cannot be used for an entire series of yarns,
more particularly silk and finer sorts of yarns.
The improvement in cross winding machines which forms the object of the
present invention has for its object, in the winding of a cop, to maintain the
thread under equal tension from beginning to end, and up to any desired thickness
of cop, and consequently to obtain an equally firm winding throughout the whole
cop and also a suitable form of the latter. This is automatically attained by
keeping the distance of the thread-guide, that is to say the position where the
thread finds a support before reaching the cop, from the backing off or winding
on place of the cop, and also the angle of deflection of the thread, always equal,
immaterially whether the cop at the commencement of the winding is of the
narrowest diameter or, after the completion of the cop, the greatest diameter.
This maintenance of an equal distance must take place completely automatically
and gradually, exactly following the gradual increase of the diameter of the cop.
No separate adjustment therefore of the thread-guide takes place during the
running of the machine.
For the practical carrying out of this invention, various mechanical devices
may be adopted, all of which tend to maintain the relative position of the thread-
guide and the cop to be wound independently of the increasing circumference of
the latter. In order to effect this, a movement of one or other of these two parts,
corresponding to the increasing size of the cop, or a simultaneous movement of
both in opposite directions must be produced.
Some examples of such an arrangement will now be given, whereby there is
automatically produced a relative movement of the cop and thread-guide.

page_text: The spindle of the cop is mounted in obliquely placed slits in the frame arm.
The thread-guide is placed more or less closely to the cop according to the fine-
ness of the yarn, whilst the cop does not alter its position during the winding on.
The greater becomes the diameter of the cop, the higher it is raised, by a rotating
drum on which the cop rests, that is to say the cop spindle is displaced or adjusted in
the slot and the periphery of the cop remains in contact with the slot drum. In
consequence of the oblique arrangement of the slot the point of contact of the
cop with the drum and the distance of the periphery of the cop from the thread-
guide and consequently the angle of bend, of the thread remains constantly the
game.
In another example the cop spindle is mounted in a frame oscillating on a
spindle mounted in the machine frame; this oscillating frame is lifted with the
increasing diameter of the cop and removes the cop axis correspondingly from the
slot drum. Simultaneously the thread-guide is correspondingly drawn back by
the upward movement of the frame, the thread-guide being movably arranged in
a guide and connected with the frame by a link in such a way that the lifting
of the frame effects a pulling back of the thread-guide. As this pulling back of
the thread-guide takes place to an extent exactly corresponding to the increase
in diameter of the cop, the distance between the edge of the guide and the periphery
of the cop remains unchanged and the tension of the thread the same.
In another similar arrangement, the oscillating framo is replaced by a simple
oscillating arm at both sides between which the cop spindle is mounted.
In another example an arm carrying the thread-guide is drawn back according
to the rising of the oscillating arm, by means of a link connected with the oscil-
lating arm and linked to the guide carrying arm, and the latter arm may simul-
taneously carry the shaft bearing for the slot drum, so that the latter is also
adjusted as regards the cop simultaneously with the thread-guide, with the same
action of maintaining always constantly equal the distance between the thread-
guide and the periphery of the cop.
In another similar arrangement the link of the oscillating frame is linked to a
lever which oscillates on the shaft of the slot drum and the upper arm of which
carries the thread-guide which is here curved (or are shaped) and is moved back-
wards in the same proportion as the frame rises and the link is lifted.
a
In another example a displacement of the cop spindle takes place as in the first
example but by other means, as here the oscillating arm or frame in its rotation
engages by means of a curved cam surface provided at its other end against
suitable stop and is consequently pushed forward the more it is revolved by the
increasing diameter of the cop.
Finally the cop spindle may be adjusted as regards the thread-guide similarly
to the first example by the point of rotation of the oscillating frame being so
placed that the arc described by the cop spindle on the increase of the diameter
of the cop still maintains the periphery of the cop constantly equi-distant from the
thread-guide.
In the foregoing examples it is assumed that for making a cop with an evenly
firm winding throughout, the distance of the thread-guide from the periphery
of the cop always remains the same. If, however, it be desired to wind cops for
instance which from the inside to the outside are required to be wound evenly
looser, the proportion of the adjustment of one part as against the other may be
BO arranged that by the increasing diameter of the cop the distance of the thread-
guide from the cop periphery becomes constantly greater, that is to say is not
maintained constant. Even this increase of the distance is effected automatically.
Dated this 18th day of February, 1897.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6. Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Winding Yarns and Threads.
I, AUGUST MÜLLERS, of 109, Regentenstrasse München-Gladbach, Rhine Province
in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The well known cross winding machines with reciprocating thread guides, the
movement of which must be a very even one, have the drawback that their
quantitative delivery is only comparatively small because the thread guide, in
order each time to reverse without shock at both ends of its course, must necessarily
have a very slow movement; in these machines also the curved slots in which the
thread guides are guided are subjected to great wear and tear.
The wound cop
is also never even, as at the commencement of the winding the tension of the
thread is too small, whilst as the cop increases in thickness the tension of the
thread becomes greater and the winding consequently tighter. This very easily
causes the so-called backing off of the edges of the cop and in order as far as
possible to avoid this, the cops are only wound to a very moderate thickness.
The unequal tightness of the winding of the cop is accompanied with serious draw-
backs. On the one hand, the winding off of the cop, if the latter be gradually
looser in its layers from the outside towards the inside is equally as uneven as
the winding on was, and on the other hand it is usual in winding off not to wind
off the cop to the last portion but to leave a core which by attaching to it the
thread is again wound up to a full cop; the development from the original core
to the complete cop takes place again however with an unequal tension of thread
and this complete cop contains still more layers of unequally firm winding. This
unevenly or unequally firm winding of the cops is especially deleterious when the
yarn, as is now frequently the case, is to be dyed in the cop itself, the dye liquor
being either forced or drawn through the cop. The saturation of the yarn must
take place unevenly if the layers of the cop are not of equal density and conse-
quently the dyeing is not even.
In order to remove to some extent this inequality in the firmness of the winding
of the cops, efforts have been made to find a remedy by altering the tension of
the thread two or three times during the winding on. This can, however, only be
effected by a temporary cessation of the working and the loss of time causes a not
inconsiderable reduction in the output. Even in this way only an approximate
equality or evenness of winding can be obtained.
In cross winding machines with slotted drum by the omission of the evenly
reciprocating thread guide, the output is indeed considerably greater, but even
with this arrangement the drawback of unequally firm winding remains. If
winding take place on such a machine with slotted drum without the use of a
thread guide, cross cops are obtained which with increasing thickness become
proportionately narrower. This arises from the circumstance that the point at
which the thread, emerging from the slot of the drum, is wound on the spool,
assumes with a small diameter of the cop a quite different spiral line than with a
larger circumference of cop. In winding machines with slotted drum, in order
to remove to some extent the existing drawbacks, a ruler or small roller has been
arranged, along which the thread proceeding from the curved slot is carried before
it is wound on the spool. This guidance remains however constant during the
winding on of a cop and must, according to the thickness which the cop is to have,
be set back about 10 to 15 millimetres from the cop, when the cop is of its
initial smallest thickness. Consequently at the commencement of the winding on
of a cop, the thread does not at all encounter the thread-guide and the cop is formed

page_text: precisely as if no thread-guide existed. A cop is thus obtained tapering to both
ends, in which the thread very easily backs off, so that this part of the cop in its
further handling very easily becomes useless. As the periphery of the cop
increases, the thread gradually approaches the thread-guide and comes in contact
with the same at an angle which at first is oblique and becomes constantly more
acute with the increasing diameter of the cop. A constantly increasing tension
of the thread is thereby produced, and further the distance between the thread-
guide and the winding line constantly alters and the resultant width of cop alters
correspondingly. If the cop then becomes still thicker a condition finally arises
under which the thread or rather the cop rubs against the thread-guide and the
yarn consequently catches fire.
Cross cops wound in this way with a fixed thread-guide have still the following
several drawbacks:
The first part of the cop has very bad and non-permanent edges, and this
defective part is greater the further the thread-guide is set back at the commence-
ment of the winding. As the tension of the thread to be wound cannot be altered
without great inconvenience and as even this alteration can still not be carried
out sufficiently, the inner part of the cop is loosely wound and the cop then com-
inences to be gradually wound tighter and tighter. The formation of the edges
is also variable and partly bad, which easily causes a backing off of the edges and
thereby renders the cop incapable of being used. For these reasons a winding
machine of the kind last described cannot be used for an entire series of yarns,
more particularly silk and finer sorts of yarns.
The improvement in cross winding machines which forms the object of the
present invention has for its object, in the winding of a cop, to maintain the
thread under equal tension from beginning to end, and up to any desired thickness
of cop, and consequently to obtain an equally firm winding throughout the whole
cop and also a suitable form of the latter. This is automatically attained by
keeping the distance of the thread-guide (that is to say the position where the
thread finds a support before reaching the cop) from the backing off or winding
on place of the cop, and also the angle of deflection of the thread, always equal
immaterially whether the cop at the commencement of the winding is of
narrowest diameter or, after the completion of the cop, the greatest diameter.
This maintenance of an equal distance must take place completely automatically
and gradually, exactly following the gradual increase of the diameter of the cop.
No separate adjustment therefore of the thread-guide takes place during the
running of the machine.
For the practical carrying out of this invention, various mechanical devices
may be adopted, all of which tend to maintain the relative position of the thread-
guide and the cop-to be wound independently of the increasing circumference of
the latter. In order to effect this, a movement of one or other of these two parts,
corresponding to the increasing size of the cop, or a simultaneous movement of
both in opposite directions must be produced.
Some examples of such an arrangement are shown in the accompanying draw-
ings, whereby there is automatically produced a relative movement of the cop and
thread-guide.
In Figure 1, the spindles of the cop is mounted in obliquely placed slits in a
frame arm L. The thread-guide A is placed more or less closely to the cop
according to the fineness of the yarn, whilst the cop does not alter its position
during the winding on. The greater becomes the diameter of the cop, the higher
it is raised by a rotating drum B on which the cop rests, that is to say the cop
spindle s is displaced or adjusted in the slot 7 and the periphery of the cop remains
in contact with the slot drum B. In consequence of the oblique arrangement of
the slot the point of contact of the cop with the drum and the distance of the
periphery of the cop from the thread-guide A and consequently the angle of bend
of the thread remains constantly the same.
Figure 2 is a side view and Figure 3 a plan view of another example in which

page_text: the cop spindles is mounted in a frame D oscillating on a spindle d mounted in
the machine frame; this oscillating frame is lifted with the increasing diameter
of the cop and removes the cop spindle correspondingly from the slot drum B.
Simultaneously the thread-guide A is correspondingly drawn back by the upward
movement of the frame D, the thread guide being movably arranged in a guide f
and connected with the frame D by a link H in such a way that the lifting, of
the frame Deffects a pulling back of the thread guide A. As this pulling back
of the thread-guide A takes place to an extent exactly corresponding to the in-
crease in diameter of the cop, the distance between the edge of the guide A and
the periphery of the cop remains unchanged and the tension of the thread the
same.
Figure 4 shows another similar arrankrement only in this case the oscillating
frame D is replaced by a simple oscillating arm D at both sides between which
the cop spindle s is mounted.
In another example, Figure 5, an arm E carrying the thread-guide A is drawn
back according to the rising of the oscillating arm 1 by means of a link F con-
nected with the arm 1 pivoting at d and linked to the guide carrying arm E, and
the latter arm may simultaneously carry the shaft bearing for the slot drum B
so that the latter is also adjusted as regards the cops simultaneously with the
thread-guide A, with the same action of maintaining always constantly equal
the distance between the thread-guide A and the periphery of the cop.
In another similar arrangement shown in Figures 6 and 6 the link F of the
oscillating frame is linked to a lever K which oscillates on the shaft of the slot
drum B and the upper arm of which carries the thread-guide A which is here
curved (or arc shaped) and is moved backwards in the same proportion as the
frame D rises and the link F is lifted.
In another example Figure 7 a displacement of the cop spindles takes place as
in the first example (Figure 1) but by other means, as here the oscillating arm
or frame D in its rotation on the spindle d engages by means of a curved cam
surface c provided at its other end against a suitable stop c¹ and is consequently
pushed forward the more it is revolved by the increasing diameter of the cop.
arrangement is also shown diagrammatically in Figure 8.
This
Finally as shown diagrammatically in Figure 9, the cop spindle s may be
adjusted as regards the thread-guide A similarly to the first example (Figure 1)
by the point of rotation d of the oscillating frame 1 being so placed that the are
described by the cop spindles on the increase of the diameter of the cop still
maintains the periphery of the cop constantly equi-distant from the thread-
guide.
In the foregoing examples it is assumed that for making a cop with an evenly
firm winding throughout, the distance of the thread-guide A from the periphery
of the cop always remains the same. If, however, it be desired to wind cops for
instance which from the inside to the outside are required to be wound evenly
looser, the proportion of the adjustment of one part as against the other may be
so arranged that by the increasing diameter of the cop the distance of the thread-
guide from the cop periphery becomes constantly greater, that is to say is not
maintained constant. Even this increase of the distance is effected automatically.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
1. In cross winding machines, an arrangement whereby the gradually increasing
thickness of the cop automatically produces an adjustment or relative alteration of
position, progressive in the same proportion, of the parts acting on the tension of
the thread and the angle of winding of the thread, separately or simultaneously,
in such a way that from the beginning to the end of the winding of a cop an
even tension of the thread and consequently a thoroughly even winding on is
obtained substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

page_text: 2. In an arrangement for cross winding machines such as described the adjust-
ment or relative alteration of position of the parts in an intentionally unequal
instead of equal proportion to the increasing thickness of the cop with the object
of obtaining a gradually looser winding, substantially as described.
3. In cross winding machines, an arrangement of the kind described in which
the spindle of the spool is displaced in an inclined slot on the thickness of the
cop increasing substantially as described with reference to Figure 1 of the accom-
panying drawings.
4. In cross winding machines, an arrangement of the kind described in which
the thread guide A, on the thickness of the cop increasing, is drawn back by a
link connected with the revoluble cop carrier substantially as described with
reference to Figures 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
5. In cross winding machines, an arrangement of the kind described in which
the thread guide, on the thickness of the cop increasing, is drawn back by a link
lever mechanism connected with the cop carrier substantially as described with
reference to Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
6. In cross winding machines, an arrangement of the kind described in which
on the thickness of the cop increasing, the slot drum and its support are displaced
by a piece connected with the cop carrier substantially as described with reference
to Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
7. In cross winding machines, an arrangement of the kind described, in which
on the thickness of the cop increasing, the thread-guide is drawn backward by
means of a link lever mechanism connected with the cop carrier and a lever K
pivoted on the drum spindle, substantially as described with reference to Figures 6
and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
8. In cross winding machines an arrangement of kind described, in which the
cop carrier on the thickness of the cop increasing, revolves and is adjusted by
the action of a cam, substantially as described with reference to Figures 7 and 8
of the accompanying drawings.
9. In cross winding machines an arrangement of the kind described in which
the point of rotation of the cop carrier is so arranged that the spindle of the cop,
as the latter increases in size, moves away from the thread guide in order to main-
tain the periphery of the cop equidistant from the thread guide, substantially as
herein before described.
10. In cross winding machines, the simultaneous use of two or more separate
arrangements of the kind described for altering the relative positions of the cop,
the thread-guide, or the drum.
11
1
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.