Improvements in and relating to Typewriting Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1900-Accepted, 1st Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Typewriting Machines.
I, BERNARD GRANVILLE, of the Grand Hotel, 417, West 4th Street, Cincinnati,
Ohio, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention is an improvement upon that form of type writer disclosed in
English Patent No. 23935, Oct. 27, 1896 granted to George Croydon Marks.
In this improved machine the type bars converge and are guided to the print-
ing point by converging guide plates carried on a cradle frame pivoted to the
side frames of the machine, these parts being similar to those in the machine
shown in the patent referred to. The type bars are operated from the key
levers through the bell crank levers and the links.
In order to do lower case printing the rear end of the cradle frame with the
converging guide walls or sides is in the lowest position, and they form a guide
box which rests in the lowest position by gravity. A spring tends through a
series of connections to raise the cradle frame into its upmost position for print-
ing caps but when lower case printing is to be done the cradle frame is relieved
from the power of this spring and the cradle frame is allowed to rest in the
lowest position by gravity. Arms on a square shaft are connected, by a link
having a forked end, to a depending arm of the cradle frame. The spring
pulling on the arm of the square shaft will push through the fork and thus lift
the cradle frame for upper case printing, and, in order to do lower case printing
the pull of the spring is withdrawn from the cradle frame by a locking lever
which has an arm to bear on the arm of the square shaft, and when this locking
lever is set the link with the fork is drawn forward and the cradle frame is
allowed to drop by gravity for lower case printing. The locking lever is held
in this position for lower case printing by a spring.
In order to change from lower to upper case or cap printing the cradle frame
is tilted upwardly by means of a key, the lever of which is connected by an
adjustable link with the depending arm of the cradle frame.
When this key is depressed the cradle frame is tilted so that the converging
guide plates are raised and the type bars will then be guided to present the
upper case or cap type to the printing point. In order to continue printing
upper case characters the locking lever is turned by moving its upper end to
the front to release the arm and then the spring connected to the main frame
and to the arm exerts its force to tilt the cradle frame upwardly and hold it in
this position, until it is desired to resume the printing of lower case letters, at
which time the locking lever is moved backward which through the described
connections will withdraw the force of the spring and allow the cradle frame
to tilt downwardly by gravity to print small or lower case letters.
If during the time the machine is set for upper case printing (at which time
as above set forth the frame is held up by the spring and the locking lever is
out of action), it is desired to print one or more small letters a key is depressed:.

page_text: The lever of this key is connected with the square shaft and as shown will when
depressed rock the square shaft and withdraw the power of the spring thus
allowing gravity to draw the cradle frame down, holding it so as long as key is
held depressed, when key is released the spring lifts the cradle frame again for
upper case printing.
It will be seen from the above that the machine can be set to print continu-
ously either upper or lower case and also that when set for either case type,
printing of one or more letters of the other case may be accomplished by depres-
sing a key.
The locking lever in the present machine holds the lower case type in line
with the printing point instead of the upper case type.
The paper carriage has a bar provided with an inverted V shaped groove in
which fit rollers having inclined sides and journalled in the ends of a bar or
plate constituting the frame of a truck on which the paper carriage runs.
The rollers fit in a V shaped groove in a track bar supported on the frame.
The truck frame has lateral ears in which are journalled vertical rollers. These
rollers bear on the rear face of a flange of the track bar and upon the front
face of the bar of the carriage. At the rear face of this bar a rack is fixed on
the carriage which engages a pinion, journalled on the truck frame and engag-
ing a stationary rack fixed to the track bar of the frame. By this truck the
movement of the carriage is rendered easy and light and by the rack and pinion
connection the movement of the truck is regular and uniform with respect to
the carriage and it will bear a definite relation thereto at different points in
the movement of the carriage. The rollers also serve to hold the carriage steady
and in accurate position against all displacement thus insuring accurate print-
ing. This result is also aided by a horizontal roller adjustably held in a post
projecting up from the frame. This roller has a concave periphery engaging
a rod on the paper carriage. By this roller the carriage is supported at its
rear side and by adjusting the roller the carriage can be accurately adjusted.
The escapement mechanism consists of a relatively stationary detent and a
sliding pawl. These are carried by an arm or bracket pivoted in the frame of
the machine and connected by a link having an adjustment with an arm, on a
rock shaft, which has an arm connected by a link with the space frame extend-
ing under the key levers.
The pawl carrying bracket has an ear at one end and a plate having a forked
end engages a notch in this ear and extends between and separates the pawls.
The other end of the separating plate is also forked and engages a groove in a
screw pin supported on the carrying bracket. The pawls are pivoted on oppo-
site sides of the separating plate upon a screw pin and they each have depend-
ing tail pieces to which springs are attached.
The pawl and detent each has a projection to engage the grooved screw pin
and thus their upward pivotal movement is limited but each may yield down-
wardly to allow the carriage to move to the right, the teeth on the carriage rack
simply sliding over the yielding pawl and detent.
The sliding spring pawl normally engages the carriage rack and when a key
is depressed it is moved out of engagement and the fixed detent is moved into
engagement with the rack by the rocking of the bracket. The detent when
disengaged springs forward into position to engage the next tooth when the
bracket rocks back again on the release of the key depressed. The spring pawl
is slotted to allow the sliding movement.
The rocking movement of the bracket carrying the pawl and detent is limited
by a pin thereon striking an arm on a rock shaft journalled in the stationary
frame. This rock shaft is operated through an arm of a release lever, which
arm engages a pin on the rock shaft.
When the release key is depressed the stop arm is removed from the path of
the pin and then the pawl and detent carrying bracket can be rocked to the
fullest extent which it does do through the connections leading to the space

page_text: frame which is operated by the release key as well as by the character keys.
The depression of the release key therefore removes the stop and also rocks the
escapement bracket so that both the pawl and detent are removed from the
carriage rack and the carriage is then entirely free and may be moved in either
direction.
The carriage is arrested or locked at the end of the line by an adjustable stop
on the carriage engaging a stop arm pivoted in ears which are also pivoted in
a bracket. When the stop on the carriage strikes the upper end of the stop arm,
said upper end will strike a stop bar or slide which is adapted to have slight
sliding movement in the bracket. A spring tends to keep the stop slide at
its right hand limit. This forms a yielding stop for the carriage. The pivoted
stop arm when struck by the stop on the carriage swings on its pivot so that its
tail piece is moved over an arm on the rock shaft which shaft is rocked ordinarily
at each depression of a key but when the carriage is stopped at the end of a
line of printing the tail piece overlies the arm and the keys are thus locked
against depression. If it should be desired to print a few additional characters
at the end of the line of printing an unlocking key is depressed whose lever
has an extension which rocks a lever pivoted on the stationary frame and this
lever engages the lower portion of the pivoted stop arm, turns it by means of
the pivoting of its supporting ears so that its upper end will be moved forward
out of line with the stop on the carriage and consequently the carriage can be
given a few movements in addition to print additional characters.
The upper end of the stop arm is bevelled so that it will simply move aside
when the carriage is returned to the right for a new line.
The stop arm is held under tension of a spring so that its tail piece will
normally lie to one side of the locking arm so that ordinarily this stop or lock-
ing arm will be free to rise to allow the printing to be done. The spring also
holds the tail, piece of the stop arm in line with the main portion. The tail
piece can have pivotal movement only towards the right as seen from the rear
in relation to the main part of the stop arm. When the stop on the carriage
strikes the upper end of the stop arm it moves it until it strikes the stop slide.
This action will take place even if at this time the locking arm is raised along
side of the tail piece for the tail piece will simply turn on its pivot and slightly
stretch its spring. When the arm falls however the spring will turn the tail
piece over the upper face of the lock arm and thus lock the machine.
The paper roll is held by arms supported on the rod held by the carriage
frame. The arms are under tension of springs coiled around the rod.
The paper roll is operated away from the platen by links which are connected
with the arms and bell crank levers pivoted on the carriage frame. The paper
shelf is supported at the front end by the. pivots which connect the links with
the arms.
The carriage stop is adjustable on a rod and it has pivotal movement on said
rod so that a detent portion can be made to engage or disengage a toothed bar
fixed on the carriage and thus set the stop. A spring tends constantly to hold
the detent in engagement with the bar. The stop is made with bearings to
engage the rod, with the detent portion, with a lug for the finger piece and with
a stop finger.
The guide box composed of the converging guide plates for directing the
type to the printing point is pivoted to the cradle frame and is held normally
up by springs, a stop determining this upward position. When it is desired to
examine the printing or the last character printed this box may be moved down-
wardly at its rear end and for this purpose an arm is connected to the guide
box and a lever engaging this arm is operated from the key board by a link
connected to one of the key levers. In the present instance I utilize the un-
locking lever for operating the guide box.
The platen has a ratchet thereon which is turned for line spacing by a pawl
operated in a manner similar to that in the patent referred to.
A roller car-

page_text: ried by a spring arm acts as a detent and holds the platen under restraint. A
plate is pivoted on the shaft of the platen and has a shield which projects over
the ratchet teeth and the position of the shield in relation to the stroke of the
pawl determines whether the pawl will turn the platen one line space or more,
said pawl riding on this shield a greater or lesser extent. A handle is attached
to the plate to adjust it and a forked arm in conjunction with a pin will limit
the extreme movement of the plate in either direction. The plate has an arm
adapted to hold up the spring arm with its roller when the plate is adjusted so
as to carry the said arm under a pin projecting axially from the roller. This
will allow the platen to be turned freely either way by operating a suitable
knob at the end.
The arms holding the paper roll have shoulders against which the edge of
the links bear and thus limit the upward movement of the paper shelf when the
platen is removed. These shoulders act as a stop or lock for the parts to pre-
vent their upward displacement when the platen is removed.
The key for depressing the guide box on the cradle frame to reveal the print-
ing (the unlocking key in this instance) is located directly adjacent to the lower
case key so that by operating both of these keys simultaneously the guide box
can be depressed to its maximum extent to reveal the printing.
A dividing comb is employed to divide the series of type bars into groups of
three, four or more and by this comb the type bar action is rendered quiet and
easy in operation.
.
This comb prevents a larger number of type bars being moved laterally when
any one is operated, as the movement of one type bar will simply shift laterally
those of its own special group.
The truck for the carriage having the geared connection with the stationary
frame and with the carriage is held by this gearing from slipping out of place
in relation to the stroke of the carriage.
The rod which is .similar to that shown in the patent referred to for turning
the paper roll for line space is limited in its movement by a stop on the rod
which stop relieves the line space mechanism of strain when the rod is operated.
Dated this 12th day of October 1899.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in and relating to Typewriting Machines.
1, BERNARD GRANVILLE, of the Grand Hotel, 417, West 4th Street, Cincinnati,
Ohio, United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention is an improvement upon that form of type writer disclosed in
English Patent No. 23935, Oct. 27, 1896 granted to George Croyden Marks.
In the present machine I have provided means whereby a portion of the print-
ing mechanism, in this instance the type bars, may be shifted and set in posi-
tion for printing either upper or lower case, and from either position the parts
may be temporarily shifted into the other position when it is desired to print a
comparatively small number of letters from the other case type. I have pro-
vided also a special form of carriage truck which will always bear a definite
relation to the carriage in the different positions thereof. I have also improved

page_text: the escapement mechanism, the carriage stop and lock mechanism and other
features as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings;
Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine the paper carriage and other parts
being omitted.
Figure 2 is a back view with the paper carriage and other parts omitted,
the back plate and other parts being broken away.
Figure 3 is a part side elevation and partly a sectional elevation of the machine
with unnecessary parts omitted.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the anti-friction truck for supporting the
paper carriage.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the stop for the carriage which will perniit
the printing of additional characters at the end of the line.
Figure 6 is a detail view of the escapement pawl and detent and carrying
bracket.
Figure 7 is a detail rear view of Figure 6, some parts being omitted.
Figures 8 and 9 show the paper carriage.
Figure 10 is a detail of the dividing comb.
In this improved machine the type bars converge and are guided to the
printing point by converging guide plates a, carried on a cradle frame 6 pivoted
at c to the side frames of the machine, these parts being similar to those in
the machine shown in the patent referred to. The type bars are operated from
the key levers d, only a few of which are shown in the drawings, through the
bell crank levers e and the links f, only two of these type bars 60 are shown for
convenience of illustration in Figure 1.
In order to do lower case printing the rear end of the cradle frame with
the converging guide walls or sides is in the lowest position in relation to the
printing point, and they form a guide box which rests in its lowest position by
gravity. A spring q connected to the frame at q tends through a series of
connections to raise the cradle frame into its upmost position for printing caps
but when lower case printing is to be done the cradle frame is relieved from
the power of this spring and the cradle frame is allowed to rest in the lowest
position by gravity.
Arms kand m on a square shaft 7 journalled in the side frames are connected
by a link o having a forked end 80 to a depending arm p of the cradle frame.
The spring 9 pulling on the arm m of the square shaft will push the fork 80
and thus lift the cradle frame for upper case printing, and in order to do lower
case printing the pull of the spring q is withdrawn from the cradle frame by
a locking lever i which is pivoted to the frame and has an arm j to bear on the
arm of the square shaft, and when this locking lever is set the link o with the
fork 80 is drawn forward and the cradle frame is allowed to drop by gravity for
lower case printing.
The locking lever i is held in this position for lower case printing by the
spring connected therewith and with the frame. In order to change from
lower to upper case or cap printing the cradle frame b is tilted upwardly in the
direction of arrow 61, Figure 3, by means of a key g, the lever of which is con-
nected by an adjustable link h with the depending arm p of the cradle frame.
When this key is depressed the cradle frame is tilted so that the converging
guide plates a are raised and the type bars will then be guided to present the
upper case or cap type to the printing point. In order to continue printing
upper case characters the locking lever i is turned by moving its upper end to
the right in Fig. 3, to release the arm and then the spring q connected to
the main frame and to the arm m exerts its force to tilt the cradle frame up-
wardly and hold it in this position, until it is desired to resume the printing
of lower case letters, at which time the locking lever is moved to the position
shown in Fig. 3 which through the described connections will withdraw the
force of spring q and allow the cradle frame to tilt downwardly by gravity.

page_text: If during the time that the machine is set for upper case printing (at which
time as above set forth the frame is held up by the spring and the locking
lever is out of action), it is desired to print one or more small letters a key r
is depressed. The lever of this key is connected with the square shaft and as
shown will when depressed rock the square shaft and withdraw the power of the
spring thus allowing gravity to draw the cradle frame down, holding it so
as long as key r is held depressed. When key r is released the spring lifts
the cradle frame again for upper case printing. It will be seen from the above
that the machine can be set to print continuously either upper or lower case,
and also that when set for either case type, printing of one or more letters of
the other case may be accomplished by depressing a key.
The locking lever in the present machine holds the lower case type in line
with the printing point instead of the upper case type.
The paper carriage has a bars provided with an inverted ✓ shaped groove
in which fit rollers having inclined sides and journalled in the ends of a bar
or plate constituting the frame of a truck on which the paper carriage runs.
The rollers t fit in a V shaped groove in a track bar supported on the frame.
The truck frame has lateral ears in which are journalled vertical rollers_..
These rollers bear on the rear face of a flange y of the track bar and upon the
front face of the bar s of the carriage. At the rear face of this bars a rack z
is fixed on the carriage which engages a pinion journalled on the truck frame
and engaging a stationary rack 2 fixed to the track bar of the frame. By this
truck the movement of the carriage is rendered easy and light and by the rack
and pinion connection the movement of the truck is regular and uniform with
respect to the carriage and it will bear a definite relation thereto at different
points in the movement of the carriage. The rollers also serve to hold the
carriage steady and in accurate position against all displacement thus insuring
accurate printing. This result is also aided by a horizontal roller 3 adjustably
held in a post 4 projecting up from the frame. This roller has a concave peri-
phery engaging a rod 5 on the paper carriage. By this roller the carriage is
supported at its rear side and by adjusting the roller the carriage can be accu-
rately adjusted.
The escapement mechanism consists of a relatively stationary detent 6 and
a sliding pawl 7. These are carried by an arm or bracket 8 pivoted at 9 in
the frame of the machine and connected by a link 10, having an adjustment
at 11, with an arm 12 on a rock shaft 13, which has an arm 14 connected by a
link 15 with the space frame 16 extending under the key levers.
The pawl carrying bracket has an ear 62 at one end and a plate 63 having a
forked end engages a notch 621 in this ear and extends between and separates
the pawls. The other end of the separating piece is also forked and engages a
screw pin 17 supported on the carrying bracket. The pawls are pivoted on
opposite sides of the separating plate upon a screw pin 18 and they each have
depending tail pieces to which springs 19 are attached.
The pawl and detent each has a projection 64 to engage the screw pin 17 and
thus their upward pivotal movement is limited but each may yield downwardly
to allow the carriage to move to the right, the teeth on the carriage rack 20
simply sliding over the yielding pawl and detent.
The sliding spring pawl 7 normally engages the carriage rack and when a
key is depressed it is moved out of engagement and the fixed detent 6 is moved
into engagement with the rack by the rocking of the bracket 8. The detent
when disengaged springs forward into position to engage the next tooth when
the bracket rocks back again on release of the key depressed. The spring pawl
is slotted at 21 to allow the sliding movement. The rocking movement of the
bracket carrying the pawl and detent is limited by a pin 22 thereon striking an
arm 23 on a rock shaft 24 journalled in the stationary frame. This rock shaft
is operated through an arm 25 of a release lever 26, which arm engages a pin 65.
on the rock shaft.

page_text: When the release key is depressed the stop arm 23 is removed from the path
of the pin 22 and then the pawl and detent carrying bracket can be rocked to
the fullest extent which it does do through the connections leading to the space
frame, which is operated by the release key as well as by the character keys.
The depression of the release key therefore removes the stop and also rocks the
escapement bracket so that both the pawl and detent are removed from the car-
riage rack and the carriage is then entirely free and may be moved in either
direction.
The carriage is arrested or locked at the end of the line by an adjustable
stop 66, Fig. 3, on the carriage engaging a stop arm 67 pivoted in ears 68 which
are also pivoted in a bracket 69. When the stop on the carriage strikes the
upper end of the stop arm 67 said upper end will strike a stop bar or slide 28
which is adapted to have slight sliding movement in the bracket 69. A spring 27
tends to keep the stop slide at its right hand limit. This forms a yielding stop
for the carriage. The pivoted stop arm when struck by the stop 60 on the car-
riage swings on its pivot so that its tail piece 29 is 'moved over an arm 30 on
the rock shaft 13, which shaft is rocked ordinarily at each depression of a key
but when the carriage is stopped at the end of a line of printing the tail piece 29
overlies the arm and the keys are thus locked against depression. If it should
be desired to print a few additional characters at the end of the line of printing
an unlocking key 31 is depressed whose lever has an extension 32 which rocks
a lever 33 on the stationary frame and this lever engages the lower portion of
the pivoted stop arm 67 turns it by means of the pivoting of its supporting
ears 68 in the frame 69 so that its upper end will be moved forward out of line
with the stop 66 on the carriage and consequently the carriage can be given a
few movements in addition to print additional characters. The upper end of
the stop arm 67 is bevelled so that it will simply move aside when the carriage
is returned to the right for a new line.
The stop arm 67 is held under tension of a spring 35 so that its tail piece will
normally lie to one side of the locking arm 30 so that ordinarily this stop or
locking arm will be free to rise to allow the printing to be done. The spring 35
also holds the tail piece 29 of the stop arm in line with the main portion, said
tail piece being connected with the spring and having a stop 291 to bear on the
edge of the main portion. The tail piece can have pivotal movement about
pivot 34 only towards the right (Fig. 2) in relation to the main part of the stop
arm.
When the stop on the carriage strikes the upper end of the stop arm 67 it
moves it towards the right, Fig. 2, until it strikes the stop slide 28. This action
will take place even if at this time the locking arm 30 is raised alongside of
the tail piece, for the tail piece will simply turn on its pivot and slightly stretch
its spring 35. When the arm 30 falls however the spring will turn the tail.
piece over the upper face of the lock arm and thus lock the machine.
The paper roll 36 is held by arms 37 supported on the rod 5 held by the car-
riage frame. The arms are under tension of springs 38 coiled around the rod 5.
The paper roll is operated away from the platen by links 40 which are con-
nected with the arms 37 and bell crank levers 41 pivoted on the carriage frame.
The paper shelf 42 is supported at the front end by the pivots which connect
the links 40 with the arms 37.
The carriage stop is adjustable on a rod 43 and it has pivotal movement on.
said rod so that a detent portion 44 can be made to engage or disengage a toothed.
bar 45 fixed on the carriage and thus set the stop. A spring 46 tends con-
stantly to hold the detent in engagement with the bar. The stop is made of
sheet metal with bearings to engage the rod, with the detent portion, with a lug
for the finger piece 47 and with a stop finger 48.
The guide box composed of the converging guide plates for directing the
type to the printing point is pivoted to the cradle frame at 49 and is held nor-

page_text: mally up by springs 50, a stop 51 determining this upward position. When
it is desired to examine the printing or the last character printed this box may
be moved downwardly at its rear end and for this purpose an arm 52 is con-
nected to the guide box and a lever 53 engaging this arm is operated from the
key board by a link 54 connected to one of the key levers. In the present
instance I utilize the unlocking lever 31 for operating the guide box.
A
The platen has a ratchet 70 thereon which is turned for line spacing by a
pawl 71, operated in a manner similar to that in the machine referred to.
roller 72 carried by a spring arm 73 acts as a detent and holds the platen under
restraint. A plate 74 is pivoted on the shaft of the platen and has a shield 85
which projects over the ratchet teeth and the position of this shield in relation
to the stroke of the pawl determines whether the pawl will turn the platen one
line space or more, said pawl riding on this shield a greater or lesser extent.
A handle 75 is attached to the plate to adjust it and a forked arm 76 in conjunc-
tion with a part 77 will limit the extreme movement of the plate in either
direction. The plate has an arm 78 adapted to hold up the spring arm with
its roller 72 when the plate is adjusted so as to carry the said arm 78 under a
pin 79 projecting axially from the roller. This will allow the platen to be
turned freely either way by operating a suitable knob at the end.
The arms 37 holding the paper roll 36 have shoulders at 81 against which
the edge of the links 40 bear and thus limit the upward movement of the paper
shelf when the platen is removed. These shoulders act as a stop or lock for the
parts to prevent their upward displacement when the platen is removed.
The key for depressing the guide box on the cradle frame to reveal the print-
ing (the unlocking key 31 in this instance) is located directly adjacent to the
lower case key so that by operating both of these keys simultaneously the guide
box can be depressed to its maximum extent to reveal the printing. A divid-
ing comb 83 is employed having pins 831 to divide the series of type bars into
groups of three, four or more and by this comb the type bar action is rendered
quiet and easy in operation.
This comb prevents a large number of type bars being moved laterally when
any one is operated as the movement of one type bar will simply shift laterally
those of its own small group. The comb comprises upper and lower plates
(Fig. 10) for the upper and lower row of type bars. The comb is attached to
a suitable part of the cradle frame.
The truck for the carriage having the geared connection with the stationary
frame and with the carriage, is held by this gearing from slipping out of place
in relation to the stroke of the carriage.
The rod 86 which is similar to that shown in the patent referred to for turn-
ing the paper roll for line space is limited in its movement by a stop 84 on the
rod which stop relieves the line space mechanism of strain when the rod is
operated by the impact of a suitable stop on the return of the carriage to the
right.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: —
1-In combination in a type writer, the printing mechanism adapted to print
either upper or lower case, means for setting the parts to print either upper or
lower case, and means for shifting the parts temporarily from lower to upper
case printing or the reverse, substantially as described.
2-In combination in a type writer, the cradle frame, converging type bars
carried thereby, means for setting the cradle frame to print either lower or
upper case, means for temporarily shifting the parts from lower to upper case
printing and means for temporarily shifting the parts from upper to lower case
printing, substantially as described.
3-In combination in a type writer, the printing mechanism, a spring for

page_text: holding the same in position for printing one set of characters, and means for
relieving the spring pressure to allow the printing mechanism to change its
position by gravity, substantially as described.
4-In combination with the features of Claim 2, the spring for raising the
cradle frame for upper case printing, a key for temporarily withdrawing the
force of the spring to allow gravity to lower the cradle frame, a locking lever
for setting the machine to do continuously lower case printing, by withdrawing
the force of said spring and allowing the cradle to remain down by gravity and
a key for temporarily and positively raising the cradle frame, substantially as
described.
5 In combination, the cradle frame, a spring, a loose connection between
the spring and the cradle frame, means for withdrawing the pressure of the
spring and means for moving the cradle frame in the same direction in which
the spring normally tends to move it, the said loose connection allowing the
latter action to take place, substantially as described.
6-In combination, the carriage supporting frame having a rack bar thereon,
the carriage having a rack bar, a truck having rollers interposed between the
carriage and its supporting frame, and a pinion on the truck meshing with the
racks, substantially as described.
7-In combination, the carriage having a rack, a swinging bracket 8, a
detent, and a sliding pawl carried by said bracket, means for limiting the move-
ment of the bracket, and means for operating the limiting means to allow the
bracket to have a full swinging movement, substantially as described.
8-In combination, a carriage having a rack, a detent, a sliding pawl, a
bracket carrying the same having an ear 62 and pins 17, 18, the separating
plate 63 held between the pins 17 and the ear 62, the said detent and pawi
having a stop bearing against the pin 17 and said pawl being slotted to receive
the pin 18, substantially as described.
9 In combination with the carriage, a stop comprising a pivoted piece sup-
ported on the main frame and a spring rod against which the pivoted piece
bears, substantially as described.
10 In combination, the carriage, the stop arm 67 pivoted to move in two
directions and having a pivoted tail piece, the arm 30 connected with the space
frame and arranged to be engaged by the tail piece, and an unlocking lever
with connections to the stop arm 67 to tilt the same out of line with the stop
on the carriage substantially as described..
11-In combination, the platen, the bar 5 on the carriage, the shouldered
arms 37 carrying the paper roll the levers 41 pivoted on the carriage and the
links connecting the levers with the arms 37, substantially as described.
12 In combination, the platen having the ratchet, the spring pressed arm
having a roller engaging the ratchet a line space pawl for turning the ratchet,
and a pivoted plate having a shield to control the engagement of the pawl with
the ratchet, said plate having also an arm to support the roller out of engage-
ment with the platen ratchet, substantially as described.
13-A cradle frame having the guide box or walls for the type bars pivoted
thereto with a key for lowering said guide box to reveal the printing, sub-
stantially as described.
14 In connection with the features of Claim 13 the location of the key
referred to adjacent to the lower case key by which a maximum depression of
the guide box may be effected, substantially as described.
:
15 In combination, the converging type bars, the guide box, means for
changing from one case type to another by shifting the guide box and connec-
tions extending to the key board for giving the guide box an independent move-
ment to reveal the printing, substantially as described.
16 In combination, the escapement for the carriage, connections extending
to the key board for releasing the carriage from its escapement mechanism,
an unlocking key for operating said connections, a depressible guide box for

page_text: the type bars and connections between the same and the unlocking connections,
substantially as described.
17 In combination, the converging type bars with the converging guide
walls, and the dividing comb for separating the type bars into a plurality of
groups substantially as described.
Dated his 2 day
от June
MARKS & CLERK,
. 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
.
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.
unt
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and
25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents.