Receiving-apparatus for so-called Hertzian Waves for Transforming same into Perceptible Signs.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1899-Accepted, 20th Apr., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Receiving-apparatus for so-called Hertzian Waves for Transforming
same into Perceptible Signs.
We, JOHANN CHRISTIAN SCHÄFER, Electrical Engineer, Terézkörut 35, EDUARD
RENZ, Gentleman, of Arena ut 58, and PAUL LIPPOLD, Gentleman, of Ferencz
József Rakpart 6-7, all in Budapest, in the Hungarian Kingdom, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The subject of the present invention has for its purpose to render perceptible
waves of electric energy, known usually as Hertzian waves, which are radiated
or projected from a transmitting-station, and to utilize same directly for the pur-
pose of communication.
The essence of the invention is based on metal-plates-strips-wires or tissues
being insulatedly superposed in such a manner that they form a whole, which on
being introduced into an electric circuit, possesses a certain resistance, but is
capable changing the latter on the metal plates being moistened. These metal
plates, on now receiving waves of electric energy, the so-called Hertzian waves,
will regain their original resistance and by virtue of these changes in resistance
the transcription of these electric waves or oscillations into perceptible signs
may easily be effected by means of a relay.
We will now proceed to more fully describe our invention, reference being had
to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 and 2 show two different ways of carrying out the invention.
Fig. 3 illustrates in diagram an example of the electrical connections.
The apparatus m consists of a vessel or receptacle
suitably shaped and capable
of permitting Hertzian waves to penetrate same. Any desired number of metal
pieces T S t etc. are arranged in said receptacle c, which metal
pieces are separated from each other a suitable distance or insulated respectively.
The ends of the metal pieces are suitably arranged and by means of binding
screws and introduced into the electric circuit, the potential of which, if
necessary, may be increased by a transformer 7.
In Fig. 1 the metal pieces q r s t etc. are shown arranged on partitions n of non-
conducting material, in such a manner that spaces & left between them produce
the insulation, whereas in Fig. 2 the metal pieces q r s t are shown separated
from each other by layers of thin nonconducting material.
Electric waves or oscillations received by the aerial conductor meeting the
insulated and moist metal pieces q r s tete. the resistance of the latter will be
changed in such a manner that the relay is deflected. The effects of the waves
in the apparatus m is immediately ready for receiving fresh waves.
By the alternate arrival of these electric waves or the corresponding deflections
of the relay i respectively, which latter may be connected with a telegraphic-
receiving-apparatus, telephone or other electro-mechanical apparatus, direct com-
munication will be enabled or the action of the latter apparatus caused respectively.
By perfectly enclosing the continually moistened metal pieces q r s t etc. evapo-

page_text: ration of the moisture can practically be prevented; further by evacuating the
receptacle c, or evacuation and preserving the dampness of the inner compartment
a quick change of the resistance condition on the arrival of electric waves or
oscillations is rendered possible and consequently the receiving apparatus m is
rendered applicable for larger distances of the latter from the transmitting
station.
The continuous moisture of the metal pieces q r s t may be produced by spray-
ing, steam admission, or preserving dampness, or most suitably by means of
moisture conducting materials or bodies such as wick or similar fabrics, clay or
the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what]
we claim is:-
1) An apparatus m capable of being energised by electric waves or radiations
(so-called Hertzian waves) and capable of transcribing said electric waves into
perceptible acoustic or optical signs, characterised by a number of metal
pieces q r s t etc. interrupting an electric circuit o, which, suitably limited approach
each other sufficiently to form a resistance which is changeable by continuous
moistening but on radiation of the metal pieces q r s t etc. by Hertzian waves
returns to its original strength, thereby actuating a relay i, which (for example)
actuates a telegraphic-receiving instrument, but on interruption of the radiation
the resistance returns to its original condition and the auxiliary apparatus by
means of the relay i is put out of action, substantially as set forth.
2) Continuous moistening of the metal pieces q r s t etc. by complete immer-
sion of same in a liquid, by spraying, steam admission, preservation of dampness,
or by supporting same on moisture-conducting materials or bodies, substantially
as set forth.
3) Increasing the action of the apparatus m of the class described by a trans-
former or induction coil which increases the potential in the electric circuit o,
substantially as set forth.
4) Increasing the action of the apparatus m of the class described, or trans-
former or inductor / respectively by evacuating the former and filling it with
steam, gases or resistance forming liquids, substantially as set forth.
5) A receiving apparatus for so-called Hertzian waves for transcribing same
into perceptible signs, the whole constructed and adapted to operate substantially
as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of Vough 1800
F. W. GOLBY,
36, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agent for the Applicants.