Improvements in and in connection with Apparatus for Drawing-off or Decanting Liquids.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 28th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 29th Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in and in connection with Apparatus for Drawing-off or
Decanting Liquids.
I, GEORGE GATTON MELIUISH HARDINGHAM, of Clun House, Surrey Street, in
the County of London, Civil Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention (a communication from abroad from Augusto
Musciacco, of Brindisi, in the Kingdom of Italy,) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for use in drawing-off or decanting liquids,
and consists of an improved construction or arrangement of parts whereby the
flow of liquid supplied through a tap or valve is rendered uniform although the
level of the liquid in the main tank or receptacle varies; the quantity of liquid
delivered being moreover capable of regulation with the aid of a graduated scale
and a pointer carried by the delivery-valve spindle.
The operation of the invention is based upon the well-known principle that the
delivery from a floating syphon is independent of the level of the liquid to be
transferred from one vessel to another; being solely governed by the difference
in the height between the level of the liquid and that of the lower orifice of the
syphon. Assuming a tap to be fitted to that orifice and the syphon to be con-
nected with a float whereof the displacement and therefore the line of flotation
remains constant, the rate of delivery from the tap will remain constant although
the level of the liquid in course of withdrawal may fluctuate; provided always
that the area of the passage through the tap remains unaltered.
In applying this principle for the purposes of the present invention, an arrange-
ment is adopted in which the tap and all the parts necessary to the proper working
of the apparatus are combined in such a manner as to form a compact portable
appliance, adapted for use with any description of barrel or vessel. The improved
arrangement has however the effect of limiting the extent of vertical displace-
ment of the syphon and the float attached thereto; such displacement taking
place within a chamber having a capacity sufficient to modify and render gradual
the changes of level of the liquid and thus to obviate any disturbing or agitating
influence.
The apparatus may, by way of example, be arranged in a circular casing or
tank in the following manner:-
The barrel or other vessel whence the liquid is to be drawn is connected, by
means of a pipe or tube, with the drawing-off apparatus. Near the latter, this
tube is furnished with a cock or valve whereof the plug is connected with a float.
The liquid admitted by this valve enters a chamber where it is divided into two
currents by being caused to leave this first chamber by way of apertures arranged
at each end at or near the floor thereof; the liquid then entering a chamber of
approximately semicircular form wherein the float pertaining to the admission
valve is located. Meanwhile the liquid will have run through apertures in the
extremities of the last mentioned chamber into two other chambers resembling
portions of a crescent whence the liquid enters, through suitably disposed·orifices,
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page_text: the tank or chamber containing the float which carries the syphon. The float is
suitably weighted and is guided by vertically arranged rods. Upon the general
level of the liquid in all the chambers or compartments reaching the maximum
limit, the float in the semicircular chamber rises and closes the admission valve,
thereby shutting off the supply. The delivery-valve, fitted to the lower end of
the syphon, is also for the moment closed. A vacuum having been created by
means of a small tube arranged in the usual manner, the syphon is started and
the delivery-valve opened and adjusted with the aid of the pointer and graduated
scale to the desired rate of flow.
It will be apparent that, assuming the delivery-valve to remain unaltered, a
uniform flow of liquid through the said valve will be maintained, and that such
uniformity of flow will be unaffected by any variation in the level of the liquid
in the main receptacle. Inasmuch, however, as this uniformity is subject to the
constancy of the line of flotation of the syphon-float, and with, a view to ensur-
ing reliability in working, the operation of the mechanism may be checked before
the level of the liquid in the main receptacle has descended beyond a predeter-
mined point and thus become incapable of raising the syphon-float. This may
be accomplished by means of a gong supported on a bracket and sounded by means
of a spring-actuated hammer. The spring which may be of the helical type is
held, when wound, by means of a rod or guide which projects upwardly from a
float mounted to slide in brackets or guides in one of the half-crescent shaped
chambers. When the liquid in the latter chambers has descended to its lowest
level, the float descending simultaneously, a rod attached to the latter releases
the spring so as to sound the gong, thus apprising the attendant of the condition
of the apparatus.
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Apparatus for Drawing-off or
Decanting Liquids.
I, GEORGE GATTON MELHUISH HARDINGHAM. of Clun House, Surrey Street, in
the County of London, Civil Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention (a communication from abroad from Augusto
Musciacco, of Brindisi, in the Kingdom of Italy,) and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement;-
-
This invention relates to apparatus for use in drawing-off or decanting liquids
and consists of an improved construction or arrangement of parts whereby the
flow of liquid supplied through a tap or valve is rendered uniform although the
level of the liquid in the main tank or receptacle varies; the quantity of liquid
delivered being moreover capable of regulation with the aid of a graduated scale
and a pointer carried by the delivery-valve-spindle.
The operation of the invention is based upon the well-known principle that the
delivery from a floating syphon is independent of the level of the liquid to be
transferred from one vessel to another; being solely governed by the difference
in the height between the level of the liquid and that of the lower orifice of the
syphon. Asuming a tap to be fitted to that orifice and the syphon to be con-
nected with a float whereof the displacement and therefore the line of flotation
remains constant, the rate of delivery from the tap will remain constant, although

page_text: the level of the liquid in course of withdrawal may fluctuate; provided always
that the area of the passage through the tap remains unaltered.
In applying this principle for the purposes of the present invention, an arrange-
ments is adopted in which the tap and all the parts necessary to the proper working
of the apparatus are combined in such a manner as to form a compact portable
appliance, adapted for use with any description of barrel or vessel. The improved
arrangement has, however, the effect of limiting the extent of vertical displace-
ment of the syphon and the float attached thereto; such displacement taking
place within a chamber having a capacity sufficient to modify and render gradual
the changes of level of the liquid and thus to obviate any disturbing or agitating
influence.
One form of apparatus arranged for working according to the present invention
is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings whereof Fig. 1
is a plan. Fig. 2 is a section taken along the line A-B in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is
an elevation of the front of the apparatus. Fig. 4 is a section taken along the.
line C-D in Fig 1. Fig. 5 is a section taken along the line E-F in Fig. 1.
The barrel or other vessel whence the liquid is to be drawn or decanted is con-
nected, by means of a pipe or tube, with the drawing-off apparatus. Near the
latter, this tube is furnished with a cock or valve 12 whereof the plug is con-
nected with a float 18. The liquid admitted by this valve enters the chamber 14
from which it passes in two streams by way of the apertures 15, 15, arranged at
each end at or near the floor thereof, into a chamber 16 of approximately semi-
circular form wherein the float 18 pertaining to the admission valve 12 is located.
The said valve is connected with the float by means of the arm 13 and link 20.
Meanwhile, the liquid has entered, by way of the apertures 17, 17, formed in the
extremities of the chamber 16. the chambers 22, 22, which resemble portions of
a crescent, and from whence it flows through orifices 24 into the tank or cham-
ber 31: the latter chamber containing the float 2 which carries the syphon 4.
This float is provided with a suitable weight 5 and is guided by vertically
arranged rods 3, 3. Upon the general level of the liquid in all the chambers or
compartments reaching the maximum, the float 18 in the chamber 16 rises and
closes the admission valve 12, thereby shutting off the supply from the barrel.
The delivery-valve 6, fitted to the lower end of the syphon, is also for tho
moment closed. A vacuum having been created by means of the small tube 9,
the syphon is started and the delivery-valve 6 opened and adjusted with the aid
of the pointer and graduated scale to the desired rate of flow.
It will be apparent that, assuming the delivery valve 6 to remain unaltered, a
uniform flow of liquid through the said valve will be maintained, and that such
uniformity of flow will be unaffected by any variation in the level of the liquid
in the barrel or main receptacle. Inasmuch, however, as this uniformity is
subject to the constancy of the line of flotation of the syphon-float 2, and, with
a view to ensuring reliability in working, the operation of the mechanism may
be checked before the level of the liquid in the main receptacle has descended
bevond a predetermined point and thus become incapable of raising the syphon-
float 2. This may be accomplished by means of a signal such as the sounding of
gong 25.
is supported on a bracket 27 and sounded
a
by
The gong
means of a spring-actuated hammer. The spring, which
may be
of the helical type is held, when wound, by means of a rod 29
which projects upwardly from a float 28 and which is mounted to slide in
brackets or guides 30. Upon the liquid in the chambers 22, 22 descending to its
lowest level, the float 28 simultaneously descends and the rod 29 releases the
spring and sounds the gong 25, thus apprising the user of the condition of the
apparatus. The spring may be wound by means of the winch 26.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
}
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1. Apparatus for drawing-off or 'decanting liquids, arranged substantially as

page_text: herein described and comprising a tank in communication with the main recep-
tacle and containing a float which carries a syphon, and a float in connection with
a gong or other means for apprising the user upon the receptacle reaching a cer-
tain degree of depletion.
2. In apparatus for drawing-off or decanting liquids, a tank in communication
with the main receptacle by means of a pipe through which the flow is regulated
by a valve in a compartment of said tank, a syphon-float in said tank, a valve
at the delivery end of the syphon, and a float arranged in another compartment
of the tank in connection with a gong, substantially as herein described.
3. In apparatus for drawing-off or decanting liquids, a tank divided into com-
partments, such as 14, 16, 22, 22 and 31 furnished with communicating pas-
sages, the liquid entering the compartment 14 through a valve, such as 12,
operated by a float such as 18, and flowing through the compartment 16 into
the compartments 22, 22 and thence into the chamber 31 from whence it is dis-
charged through the syphon 4 and regulated delivery valve 6; the attendant
being apprised of the condition of the main receptacle by means of a gong or
other means operated by a float in one of the compartments, substantially as
herein described.
4. Apparatus for drawing-off or decanting liquids constructed and operating
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 27th day of August 1900.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM.