IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF CERTAIN FERRUGINOUS SALTS AND SOLUTIONS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isham Baggs, of High Holborn, in the County of
Middlesex; and Frederick Braby, of Deptford, in the County of Kent;
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION
Sealed the 22nd November 1867, and dated the 25th May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isham Baggs and Frederick
Braby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents; with their Petition,
on the 25th May 1867.
We, ISHAM BAGGS, of High Holborn; in the County of Middlesex, and
FREDERICK BRABỲ, of Deptford, in the County of Kent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND
UTILIZATION OF CERTAIN FERRUGINOUS SALTS AND SOLUTIONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the treatment and application of the waste wash
which results from cleansing iron by mineral acids for the purpose of depositing
zinc and other metals thereon, and which has hitherto been entirely thrown'
away.
As a preliminary to such processes it is generally advantageous to neutralize
the remaining free acid in the wash by digesting scrap iron therein; or other-
wise, and after filtering or decanting, upon subsidence of the impurities, to boil
down the same to a moderate density for the convenience of carriage. The
solution may then be employed for various manufacturing purposes, as; for

page_text: instance, for the manufacture of muriate of ammonia from gas liquor. The
muriate of iron is simply mixed with the gas liquor (in place of hydrochloric
acid being added thereto), and after the subsidence of the resulting carbonate
and sulphide of iron with a portion of the tar, the solution of muriate of
ammonia should be concentrated by heat, crystallised, roasted, and sublimed,
as well understood. Other ammoniacal liquors, such as those condensed
during the distillation of bones in closed iron cylinders, may be similarly
treated with the muriate of iron. .
In various manufactures the muriate of iron so obtained, as before
mentioned, may be used as an efficient substitute for copperas, as in pre-
paring black and indigo dyes, and in the manufacture of Prussian blue and
writing inks, as well as for other useful purposes. Where other mineral acids
are used instead of hydrochloric acid they may be similarly treated and
utilized.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isbam Baggs and Frederick Braby in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 25th November 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ISHAM
BAGGS, of High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, and FREDERICK BRABY,
of Deptford, in the County of Kent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Isham Baggs and Frederick Braby, Her special licence that we, the
said Isbam Baggs and Frederick Braby, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Isham Baggs and Frederick Braby,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term.
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,.
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND
UTILIZATION OF CERTAIN FERRUGINOUS SALTS AND SOLUTIONS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Isham Baggs and Frederick Braby,
our executors or administrators, by, an instrument in writing under our, or.
their, or one of their hands and seals; should particularly describe and ascer-

page_text: tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent...
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Isham Baggs and Frederick Braby,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
Our said Invention relates to the treatment and application of the waste
wash or liquor which results from the operation of cleansing iron by hydro-
chloric acid for the purpose of depositing zinc and other metals thereon,
ordinarily known as the "galvanizing" process, and which waste wash or
liquor, although it has occasionally been employed for purifying coal gas, has
hitherto been usually thrown away as being altogether useless.
In order to neutralise the free acid which may remain in the wash or liquor
scrap iron may be digested therein, or the free acid may be neutralised by any
convenient or suitable means. The wash or liquor should then be filtered or
decanted, and upon the subsidence or separation of the impurities it should be
boiled down to a moderate density for the convenience of carriage. The
wash or liquor thus obtained and prepared contains a proportion of iron in
the state of muriate or chloride, and may be employed for various manu-
facturing and useful purposes, and especially for the manufacture of muriate,
of ammonia from gas liquor or other ammoniacal liquor or vapour, and which.
forms the subject of our said Invention, the muriate of iron, hitherto a com-.
paratively waste and useless product, being thus employed and utilized instead
of hydrochloric acid for the purpose of the formation and separation of muriate.
of ammonia from the gas liquor or other ammoniacal liquor or vapour. The
solution of muriate of iron is simply mixed with the gas or other ammoniacal
liquor, the ammonia contained in which is thus converted into muriate of
ammonia, whilst the iron contained in the first-mentioned solution is converted
into carbonate and sulphide of iron by means of chemical reactions, which
are well understood. The iron salts together with the tar contained in the
gas or other ammoniacal liquor under treatment should be allowed to subside,
and be then separated by any of the well-known means. A solution of
muriate of ammonia is thus obtained, which should be concentrated by means
of heat, crystallised, roasted, and sublimed, as well understood.
The following is a convenient and useful mode of saving a large amount of
the fuel which would otherwise be consumed in evaporating large quantities
of gas or other ammoniacal liquor, although we do not claim the same, except

page_text: in combination with the use of the waste wash, as herein mentioned; lime
in the proportion of rather more than an equivalent of the same to the
ammonia contained in the liquor is added thereto at the commencement of
the operation, and the mixture then subjected to heat, when after prolonged
boiling nearly the whole of the ammonia will be driven off, and little will
remain behind but the water, lime, and natural impurities. The ammonia su
carried over may be either condensed with the water which accompanies it, or
by preference may be passed directly into the clarified waste wash, which it
will immediately decompose with the production of muriate of ammonia and
oxide of iron.
Ammoniacal vapours may also be treated in accordance with our said
Invention for the production of muriate of amthonia therefrom, the necessary
modifications of the processes herein described being such as will be well
understood by persons conversant with chemical operations.
We do not claim the employment of the muriate of iron so obtained as
before mentioned for other uses than as herein described, although the same
may be utilised in various ways, as, for instance, by using it as an efficient
substitute for copperas, and in preparing black and indigo dyes, and in the
manufacture of Prussian blue and writing inks, as well as for other purposes:
Having thus declared and ascertained the nature of our said Invention;
and the manner in which it is to be performed, we would observe in
conclusion that what we consider novel and original, and therefore claim as
constituting the Invention secured to us by the said herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the treatment of the waste wash or liquor obtained
as aforesaid, and the utilization thereof in the production of muriate of 2
ammonia from gas liquor or other ammoniacal liquor or vapour, as sub-
stantially herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Isham Baggs and Frederick Braby,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third day of
November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and 3
sixty-sovan
ISHAM BAGGS. (L.S.)
FRED. BRABY. (L.S.)