Improvements in and relating to the Construction of Fenders.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 17th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 14th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Construction of Fenders.
We GEORGE JOHN DUVAL of 41 Dixon Road Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Toм HOLLAND LAWTON, "Lingen" Charles Road Birmingham in
the County of Warwick and FREDERICK HENRY YOUNG "Oakdene "Addison
Road Kings-Heath in the County of Worcester, Inventors and Patentees do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the improved method of making fenders hereinafter
described.
In carrying out our invention we produce a tube by the combination of two
distinct separate halves or parts.
In the production of our duplex-tube we draw or otherwise produce the front
or outer half from sheet metal, such front half of tube may be of any suitable
plane transverse section or of any suitable curved transverse section.
We next draw or otherwise produce the inner half or portion of duplex-tubing
which would in some cases be of a right-angled transverse section and which in
other cases would be of other desired transverse section.
The two separate halves of our duplex-tubing can be secured together by lapping
a portion of one half over a portion of the other half and then strengthening the
juncture by means of a stay passing continuously under the lapped joint.
We cut from the front half of duplex-tubing one piece of a suitable length to
form the front basement-rail of fender and we also cut from the said front half of
duplex-tube two pieces of suitable lengths to form two ends of fender.
We next take the back half or inner half of duplex-tubing and cut therefrom
one piece equal in length to two inner ends and inner rail of fender.
The back or inner half of duplex-tubes provided for making fenders would by
preference be of a right-angled transverse section, consequently such right-angled
inner half of duplex-tube would be bent at each end so as to form and produce
a fender-shaped piece, namely a straight length with two right-angled arms or
ends.
The three outer pieces that had been cut from outer half of duplex-tubing would
next be connected to the inner fender shaped piece formed out of inner half of
duplex-tubing, the connection being made by means of suitable corner-pieces,
the corner-pieces fastening the three outer pieces to the one fender-shaped inner
piece.
A stay-piece would next be secured under the lapping-joint of duplex-tubular
fender base; suitable ornamental knobs and (in some cases) upper rail would be
connected to fender-base, thus forming our improved fender.
What constitutes the novelty of our improved fender is:-The making of the
back or inner-part of fender out of one half or part of duplex-tubing without end
joints in conjunction with front-rail ends and corner-pieces.
Dated this 7th day of June 1895.
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Cobden Buildings, Corporation Street, Birmingham,
Agent for the Applicants..

page_text: Improvements in and relating to the Construction of Fenders.
We GEORGE JOHN DUVAL, of 41 Dixon Road Birmingham in the County of
Warwick TOM HOLLAND LAWTON "Lingen" Charles Road Birmingham in the
County of Warwick, and FREDERICK HENRY YOUNG, "Oakdene " Addison
Road, Kings Heath, in the County of Worcester Patentees and Inventors do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention consists in the improved method of making fenders hereinafter
described reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 represents a plan of fender-end with part of front of fender
connected to end by means of corner-pieces, the corner securing pin being
removed.
Figure 2 represents a front elevation of Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents the outer half-part of our improved tubing from which the
fenders are made.
Figure 4 represents a broken-off plan of inner half of our improved tubing after
the same has been cut and bent at right angles.
Figure 5 represents a front elevation of Figure 4.
Figure 6 represents a section through Figure 7 on the line A. B. together with
corner securing pin and broken off knob which are not sectioned.
Figure 7 represents an. end elevation of Figure 3 together with end-elevation
of inner half, shewing the relative. position of the two separate halves or parts of
our improved tubing.
In carrying out our invention we provide and utilize a tube or moulding
produced by the combination of two distinct and separate halves or parts as
shewn in end elevation at Figure 7, such distinct halves or parts are in some
cases connected together and sold as an article of commerce in the connected
together form and in other cases our duplex tubes are stocked in separate
halves or strips a and b, the two strips being sold separate or in pairs as one
tube. When our duplex tubing is stocked and sold in separate halves it is so
stocked and sold for convenience of working into fenders of any desired shape as
hereinafter described.
In the production of our duplex tube we draw or otherwise produce the front
or outer half a from sheet metal, such front half of tube may be of any suitable
plane or ornamental transverse section.
We next draw or otherwise produce the inner half or portion 6 of duplex-tube
which in some cases would be of the right-angled transverse section shewn at
Figures 4 and 7 and which in other cases would be of other desired transverse
section.
The two separate halves of our duplex tubing can be secured together by
lapping a portion c of one half over a portion d of the other half and then
strengthening the juncture by means of a stay e passing continuously under the
lapped joint.
The straight back half of our duplex tubing can be bent to a right angle or to
any other desired angle. The front half or portion of our duplex tubing can be
cut into pieces of any desired length, so that a framing can be produced out of the

page_text: duplex tubing, each intersection of the framing being connected by means of
suitable corner pieces of the required angle or shape.
A further commercial advantage to be gained by the use of our duplex tubing
is, that one half or strip a or 6 can be of one colour or quality of material and
the other half can be of a distinct colour from the first half and also of a less.
or superior value in accordance with the requirements of the person using the
duplex tubing.
In producing our improved fenders we cut from the front, half a of the duplex:
tubing hereinbefore described one piece of suitable length to form the front
basement-rail of fender and we also cut from the said front half of duplex-tube-
two pieces f of suitable lengths to form the two ends of fender.
We next take the back half or inner half 6 of duplex tubing and cut therefrom.
one piece of a length equal to the two inner ends of the fender and inner rail, that-
is to say of sufficient length to bend into a fender-shaped inner curb.
The back or inner half of duplex-tube provided for use in making our improved
fenders would by preference be of a right-angled transverse section as shewn at b-
Figure 7 and as shewn at Figure 4. We nick or cut through the web d and so
permit of such horizontal web moving into the position shewn at k and Figure 4.
thus providing means for bending the vertical web into the right-angled position.
shewn at Figure 4, and so producing a fender-shaped inner curb from oue length,.
cut from the inner half or part of duplex tubing, the divided web as shewn broken
off at g Figure 4 represents the front-rail of fender shaped curb and the divided
web as shewn at h Figure 4 represents the end rail of fender-shaped curb formed
by bending the inner half of duplex tubing; the front rail g is of course
extended a sufficient length to permit of a second return end h being bent from.
such rail g.
The three pieces required to form the outer fender-shaped curb would next be
cut from the outer half a of duplex tubing.
The three outer pieces that had been cut from outer half a of duplex tubing
would next be connected to the inner fender-shaped piece formed out of the inner
half or part of duplex tubing, the connection being made by means of suitable
corner pieces j, such corner pieces fastening the three outer pieces to the one
fender-shaped inner piece formed as illustrated and described in relation to
Figure 4.
A stay piece would next be secured under the lapping-joint of duplex tubular
fender-base, suitable ornamental knobs (and in some cases an upper rail) would
be connected to the combined fender-shaped curbs thus forming our improved
fender.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1st. The making of fenders from duplex-tubing or moulding, the inner fender-
shaped curb being formed from one piece cut from the inner half of duplex-
tubing or moulding and the outer curb being formed from a front piece and two
end-pieces cut from the outer half of duplex-tubing or moulding, the four
parts being fastened together by corner-pieces to form a fender as illustrated and
described.
2nd. The making of the inner fender-shaped curb of a fender, out of one strip
or length of material by the utilization of the inner half or part of a duplex-tube
or moulding, such half of duplex-tube or moulding being cut and bent to form
the ends and front of fender-shaped curb in the manner illustrated and described
in relation to Figure 4.
3rd. The combination of two separate halves or parts to form a tube or
moulding, and the utilization of such tubing or moulding in the making of fenders,
by means of which the inner fender-shaped-curb can be made of distinctly

page_text: different material to the outer fender-shaped-curb and yet the two curbs be combined
to form one complete fender.
Dated this 10th day of 1906
GEORGE J. DUVAL.
TOM HOLLAND LAWTON.
FRED. H. YOUNG.
Witness―
ALFRED WILLIAM TURNER,
Patent Agent,
Cobden Buildings, Corporation Street, Birmingham.