IMPROVE- MMO IN ROAD HEATING WARMING OD RAISING STEAM
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Gotts Golding, at Messrs. W. Cubitt, and
Company's Gray's Inn Road, London, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MMO IN ROAD HEATING WARMING OD RAISING STEAM"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Gotts Golding at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th December 1855.
I, GEORGE GOTTS GOLDING, at-Messrs. W. Cubitt's & Co.'s Gray's Inn Road,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN BOILERS FOR HEATING, WARMING, OR RAISING STEAM, to be as follows:
The object of my Invention is, to raise the temperature-of-water to..the
boiling point rapidly and with a small consumption of fuel. This I accomplish
by constructing a boiler with a considerable heating surface, yet compact in
form, and having a self-feeding arrangement within .it for supplying the
furnace with fuel, in order that it may not require personal attention more
than once in 12 hours. The principal use to which the boiler, hereafter
described, is applicable, is for warming and heating buildings, hot-houses, and
conservatories; but it may also be used in the arts and manufactures for
evaporating, and other applications of heat, and for raising steam.. The boiler
is constructed of the form of a screw, the thread of which may be of a square,
angular, or other shape, by which a large heating surface is obtained, and a
rapid circulation maintained with a small consumption of fuel. *

page_text: Fig. 1 of the Drawing accompanying this Provisional Specification repre-
sents an elevation of the boiler; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same.
the central cylindrical portion of the boiler, which is made with a conical
aperture 6, for the purpose of containing a sufficient supply of fuel to last some
hours. The spiral portion of the boiler is made hollow, as shown by the
section, Fig. 2. By this arrangement a thin stratum of water is presented to
the action of the fire, so that it becomes quickly heated. c is the inlet pipe;
d, the outlet. The boiler, Fig. 1, is fitted in brickwork, as shown by the
section, Fig. 2. e is the furnace; f, the furnace door; g, the fire bars; and
h, h, doors by which access may be had to the spiral flue formed by the
convolution of the screw thread. The fuel holder or hopper 6 is filled with
coal, which gradually descends as it is consumed in the furnace. The smoke
and unconsumed gases pass round the spiral flue, and thence to the chimney
or shaft. The boiler is shown in the Drawing as applied to the purpose of
heating water for circulating throughout a building, but if used for the purpose
of raising steam, the usual appliances of steam guage cocks, safety valve, &c.
would have to be fitted thereto, and the whole would require to be made
stronger.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Gotts Golding in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th June 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
GOTTS GOLDING, at Messieurs William Cubitts and Company, Gray's Inn
Road, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Gotts Golding, Her special licence that I, the said George Gotts
Golding, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said George Gotts Golding, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING, WARMING, OR RAISING STEAM, upon the condition

page_text: (amongst others) that I, the said George Gotts Golding, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Gotts Golding, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of this Invention of improvements in boilers for heating, warming,
or for raising steam, is the arrangement of a boiler, which, while compact in
form, shall present a large amount of surface to the action of the fire, consume
its own smoke, and require very little personal attention. The principal uses
to which the boilers, herein-after described, are applicable, are warming and
heating buildings, hot-houses, and conservatories; but they are also convenient
for the application of heat in the manufacturing arts, for example, in the
processes of boiling and evaporating in chemical manufactures, for the supply
of steam to engines and apparatus heated by steam, such as the vacuum pans
used in the manufacture of sugar, and other similar purposes.
The external form of the boiler is that of a screw, the thread of which is
made very deep, so as to project considerably from the central cylindrical
portion. The outline of the thread of the screw may be either square,
angular, or any other suitable form, and may be made with one, two, three,
or more convolutions. The projecting part of the boiler, forming the thread of
the screw, is made hollow, to allow the water to circulate through the 'space
formed by the top and bottom parts of the thread. By this arrangement a
very large surface of water is exposed to the action of the heat, the spiral
channel formed by the convolutions of the thread forming a flue for the
passage of the flame and smoke from the furnace, three sides of which channel
or flue is surrounded by water. In the centre of the cylindrical portion of the
boiler a vertical aperture is made, forming an opening from the top to the
bottom, and when set in the brickwork the aperture is over the centre of
the furnace. This aperture forms a reservoir for coal, and is made sufficiently
large to contain enough fuel to supply the furnace for twelve hours or upwards.
This boiler may be made either of cast or wrought iron, or of copper, and
fitted with induction and eduction pipes, and with the usual gauges and valves
if used for the purpose of raising steam, or where subjected to considerable
pressure.

page_text: But in order that the construction and arrangement of my improved boilers
may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe the Drawing accompanying
and forming part of this Specification, referring to 'the letters and figures
marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a 'front elevation of the boiler as set in brickwork, and arranged
for warming buildings, or heating conservatories, and other similar purposes;
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same; and Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation,
showing the external form of the boiler; Fig. 4 is a plan of the furnace;
Fig. 5, a plan of the boiler taken at the line E, F, Fig. 2; and Fig. 6'is a
plan of the top of the boiler. A, A, Figs. 2 and 3, is the projecting portion
of the boiler, which is similar to the projecting part of a square-threaded
screw; but, as before stated, this part of the boiler may be made of a different
shape, although I give the preference to that shown in the Drawing. Bis
the central cylindrical part through which the aperture C is forined, as shown
by the section, Fig. 2. The upper part of this aperture is closed by the lid or
cover D. E is the furnace. In the arrangement shown in the Drawing, the
fire is contained within the 'funnel-shaped casting F; but I do not confine
myself to this particular plan, other modifications being herein-áfter' described.
G is the furnace door; H is the ash-pit door, which 'is fitted with a sliding
grating to regulate the admission of air to the fire; I, I, are doors by which
access is had to the spiral flue for the purpose of cleaning the same; K is a
damper for regulating the draft; L, a door for cleaning or inspecting the
interior of the shaft or chimney M. The water passes into the boiler through
the induction pipe N; the heated water ascends through the eduction pipe-O,
and after circulating through the building returns again to the boiler through
the pipe N. After the fire is lighted in the furnace, the reservoir C is filled
with fuel, and the quantity thus supplied will be sufficient to maintain the fire
for a period of from twelve to twenty-four hours. As the fuel in the furnace
is gradually consumed, a fresh supply falls down from the feeding tube or
reservoir C, and as this fresh fuel falls upon that in the furnace, which' is in a
'state of vivid combustion, the smoke and gaseous matters are instantly ignited.
"The flame and non-combustible gases pass off around the spiral flue förmed
by the space between the parts A and B, and having to traverse over so large
a surface before reaching the flue, the whole of the heat is imparted to the
water within the boiler" before the non-combustible matters 'reach the flue.
By these means the fuel is' economised to the utmost extent, while from the
peculiar configuration of the boiler the temperature of the water is rapidly
raised to the boiling point, on account of the small quantity of water contained

page_text: within the projecting part A when compared with the large amount of surface
exposed to the action of the heat.
A modification of the foregoing consists in surrounding the furnace bars
with a water space in lieu of the funnel-shaped casting F. This water space
is formed by carrying down a double plate of metal from the periphery of the
projecting portion A, leaving open a space equal to the width of the furnace
door, as seen by the plan, Fig. 4. This double plate or plates is similar to
the part A, except that it is vertical instead of horizontal, and between the
sides thereof the water circulates, so that the furnace is surrounded with water
with the exception of that portion opposite the furnace door.
Another modification consists in supporting the boiler upon a series of
hollow metal columns or pillars. These columns are secured to and com-
municate with a hollow metal base, upon which the furnace bars may rest,
the fire being made within the circumference of the columns, the water circu-
lating from the boiler through the columns and hollow base; or, if preferred,
the boiler may be supported upon pillars of fire brick.
Another modification of my Invention consists in making the boiler similar
to a double-threaded or right and left handed screw, by which arrangement
the non-combustible products pass off in opposite directions. This arrange-
ment is useful where a sharper or more rapid draft is required.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the means of carrying
the same into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise arrangement of the details herein-before described and
shown, as the same may be varied without departing from the Invention; but
what I claim, and desire to secure under the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent, is,―
Firstly, the construction of boilers, as herein-before described and shown.
Secondly, the arrangements of the lower part of the boilers for the purpose
of economising the heat given off from the fuel, substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Gotts Golding, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
GEO. G. GOLDING. (L. S.)