Improvements in the Production of Motive Power, and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Motive Power, and in Apparatus
therefor.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM COLE, of High Street, Leyton, in the County of Essex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the production of motive power and for this purpose
I utilize centrifugal force, that is to say, force which tends to cause a body when
rotated to fly from the axis of rotation.
Suitable apparatus for utilizing centrifugal force for the production of motive
power comprises a bar or shaft mounted so that its ends can move in any direction
At or near the
and provided with means whereby it can be rotated upon its axis.
ends of this bar, but at opposite sides of the axis, are placed weights which when
the bar is rotated cause the ends of the bar to move in circular paths (or to
reciprocate), the radii of which will vary according to the speed at which the bar
is being rotated upon its axis. In practice I believe that the force exerted by the
weights when travelling in their respective paths is in excess of that employed for
rotating the bar. In order to utilize the force of the weights when moving as
described I advantageously arrange in conjunction with each end, or one end, of the
bar a crank having a slot with which the end of the bar engages, the axis of
rotation of the crank passing through the centre of the circular path in which the
weights move, the motion of the crank being utilized as desired.
If as I believe an excess of power over that used for rotating the bar is developed
in the circular paths of the weights it is obvious that a portion of the power so
developed may be utilized for the primary rotation of the bar.
can
Or instead of rotating the weighted bar or beam in such a manner as to cause its
ends to move in circular paths, I can mount the shaft on centres in such a manner
that by causing the shaft to oscillate 1 produce a rotary motion thereof.
arrange to increase the speed of this motion by communicating an irregular
oscillating motion to the shaft, that is to say, I move it quicker in one direction
than in the other, by means such as by the action of a crank pin working in or on
a lever. The increased momentum caused by the increased speed of motion reacts
by suitable mechanism on the driving force on the principle that speed produces
power and power produces speed. I well understand that in the ordinary way this
operation takes place with a loss of original power by friction. There is however,
as is well known, a natural increase of power by the law of gravitation from a given
force by reason of increase of speed and the object of my invention is to make the
force of momentum the weight so that practically the weight may travel round a
centre instead of to a centre still giving the increase by speed and not stopping
except by resistance.
ambor 1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Production of Motive Power, and in Apparatus
therefor.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM COLE, of High Street, Leyton, in the County of Essex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to the production of motive power and for this purpose
I utilize centrifugal force, that is to say, force which tends to cause a body when
rotated to fly from the axis of rotation.
Suitable apparatus for utilizing centrifugal force for the production of motive
power comprises a bar or shaft mounted so that its ends can move in certain
directions and provided with means whereby it can be rotated upon its axis
At or
near the ends of this bar, but at opposite sides of the axis, are placed weights which
when the bar is rotated causes the ends of the bar to move in circular paths (or to
reciprocate or oscillate). Or a weight may be placed at one end only of the bar or
shaft, which weight causes the said end to move in a circular path or to reciprocate
or oscillate whilst the opposite end of the shaft is pivotted in a bearing. The radii
of the weights or weight can be caused to vary by the use of springs according to
the speed at which the bar is. being rotated upon its axis. In practice I believe
that the force exerted by the weights or weight when in motion is in excess of that
employed for rotating the bar. In order to enable the shaft, when more than one
weight is employed, to move in a circular path it is mounted in bearings in a
pivotted frame arranged to reciprocate in one direction, the bearings being slotted
in a direction at right angles to the movement of the frame. By this arrangement
the centrifugal action of the weights will cause the ends of the shaft to move in a
circular path and act as a crank, the motion of which can be utilized for driving
machinery.
If as I believe an excess of power over that used for rotating the bar is developed
in the circular paths of the weights it is obvious that a portion of the power so
developed may be utilized for the primary rotation of the bar.
Or instead of rotating the weighted bar or shaft in such a manner as to cause its
ends to move in circular paths, I can mount the shaft on centres in such a manner
that by causing the shaft to reciprocate or oscillate I produce a rotary motion
thereof.
Or I can communicate an irregular reciprocating motion to the shaft, that is to
say, I can move it quicker in one direction than in the other, by means such as a
crank-pin or pins working in or on a lever or levers.
The increased momentum caused by the increased speed of motion reacts by
suitable mechanism on the driving force on the principle that speed produces power
and power produces speed. I well understand that in the ordinary way this
operation takes place with a loss of original power by friction. There is, however,
as is well known, a natural increase of power by the law of gravitation from a given
force by reason of increase of speed and the object of my invention is to make the
force of momentum the weight so that practically the weight may travel round &
centre instead of to a centre still giving the increase by speed and not stopping
except by resistance.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can be
carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a plan of mechanism for utilizing centrifugal force for the production
of motive power according to my invention, the ends of the bar or shaft being
arranged to move in a circular path:
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same:

page_text: reciprocate or oscillate:
Figure 4 is a side elevation; and,
Figure 5 is a plan of the arrangement in which an irregular reciprocating motion
is communicated to the shaft:
Figure 5A is a front view of the shaft and weights shewn in Figures 4 and 5.
Figure 6 is a front elevation; and,
Figure 7 is a plan of a modification.
Similar letters in all the figures indicate similar or corresponding parts.
a, a are the bars or shafts mounted so that their ends can move in certain
directions and provided with means whereby they can be rotated upon their axes;
b, bare the weights which when the shafts a are rotated cause the ends of the shafts
to move in circular paths or to reciprocate or oscillate, the said weights being
carried upon arms c, c fixed to or formed on the shafts; d, d in Figures 1, 2 and 3
are the springs which I can employ for causing the radii of the weights to vary
according to the speed at which the shafts a are being rotated upon their axes, the
said weights being for this purpose arranged to move along the arms c, c, and
attached to one of the ends of the springs d, the other ends of which are attached
to the arms as shewn.
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 1 and 2 for causing the ends of the shaft a
to move in a circular path e is the pivotted frame supporting the shaft and working
on centres, in a bracket supported by a suitable standard not shewn in the
drawing; h in Figure 2 indicates one of the two bearings of the shaft slotted in a
direction at right angles to the movement of the frame e; i is a pulley fixed on the
middle of the shaft a for receiving a band or cord for communicating motion by
suitable means to the shaft.
The shaft a having been set in motion, the weights will swing round the axis of
the same and their centrifugal force in combination with the pivotted frame e and
slotted bearings h will cause the ends of the shaft a to move in circular paths in the
manner of a crank, and it is obvious that if one end of the shaft be provided with
an extension such as j, Figure 1, which serves as a crank-pin, the motion can be
utilized for driving machinery, and the power employed to rotate the shaft having
been augmented by the centrifugal action of the weights, a portion of such augmented
power could be utilized to rotate or assist in rotating the shaft a.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figure 3 the frame e is pivotted on centres fin
a bracket g as in Figures 1 and 2 but the bearings for the shaft a not being slotted
the shaft has only a reciprocating or oscillating motion which is imparted to it, for
example, by a connecting rod k and crank actuated by a suitable motor not shewn
in the drawing. This oscillation of the frame e causes the weights to swing
round and when a high rate of speed has been attained the augmented power
developed by the centrifugal action of the weights will cause a reflex action, that
is to say, the shaft and weights will become the driver of the crank, the motion of
which can by suitable clutch mechanism be utilized for driving machinery.
By this
In Figures 4 and 5 which illustrate the arrangement for giving an irregular
reciprocating motion to the shaft a, the shaft is carried by the levers m, m which
oscillate at n, n in the frame o and in the slotted ends p of which work the crank-
pins of cranks r on the shafts of a fly-wheel carried in bearings u, u.
means a rapid down stroke and slow up stroke (or vice versa) are given to the
slotted ends of the levers m so that the fly-wheel drives the levers during the former
stroke and the levers drive the fly-wheel during the latter stroke. thus obtain an
augmentation of power for rotating the shaft a.
As the oscillations of the shaft a in this arrangement would tend to move the ends
of the levers m (to which it is connected) towards and from one another I advan-
tageously form the said shaft in two parts adapted to telescope one within the other
as shewn clearly in Figure 54, the telescoping parts being of such a shape in cross
section, for instance, square as shewn, as to revolve together. Or other suitable
means can be employed to allow the shaft to elongate and contract.

page_text: • Motion can be communicated to and from the shaft a hy suitable means such as a
connecting rod k attached to one of the levers m and to a crank as in the arrange-
ment shewn in Figure 3.
In the arrangement shewn in Figures 6 and 7 the shaft a is arranged vertically
in a footstep bearing ', its upper end carrying a single weight on an arm c placed
at right angles to the shaft. A circular path is given to the upper end of the shaft
by means of a motor through the medium of a crank / and connecting rod or beam e
(which is the equivalent of the frame e in Figures 1 to 3) pivotted at to a long
bracket or bar g oscillating at . The augmented power or reflex action herein-
before referred to can obviously be utilized to drive machinery by suitable clutch
mechanism.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The production of motive power by the utilization of centrifugal force, that is
to say, force which tends to cause a body when rotated to fly from the axis of
rotation, substantially as set forth.
2. Apparatus for utilizing centrifugal force for the production of motive power
comprising a bar or shaft mounted so that its ends can move in certain directions
and provided with means whereby it can be rotated upon its axis; and weights
placed at or near the ends of the shaft but at opposite sides of its axis so as to cause
the ends of the shaft when the latter is rotated to move in circular paths or to
reciprocate or oscillate substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The modification of the apparatus claimed in Claim 2, in which a weight is
placed at one end only of the bar or shaft, which weight causes the said end to
move in a circular path or to reciprocate or oscillate whilst the opposite end of the
shaft is pivotted in a bearing, substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The combination with apparatus such as are claimed in Claims 2 and 3 of
springs for causing the radii of the weights or weight to vary according to the speed
at which the bar or shaft is being rotated upon its axis, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
5. The improved apparatus for the utilization of centrifugal force for the
production of motive power hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1
and 2, Figure 3, Figures 4 and 5, and Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 20th day of September 1893.