Separator appar
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1887
Complete Left, 4th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 4th Nov., 1887
The process obtains by means of five different essential parts viz. :-The strainer a
(see Drawing) the Separator : the filter c: the storage tank d: and the combined
over-flow, flushing, and drawing off apparatus E.
:
The strainer a is formed of a perforated plate of sufficient area to catch leaves and
dirt.
The separator which is to be fixed near or at a distance from the strainer is for
the purpose of allowing the first water from the roofs &c. which contains the
impurities from the atmosphere roofs, shoots &c. to pass in one direction for gardening
or other purposes: but when the cleansing of the atmosphere &e. is accomplished to
pass in another direction for filtering and subsequent storage for drinking or other
purposes. This is accomplished by leading the water through the container cover f
into a central boot shaped vessel G working on a spindle and having attached a
small vessel H on one side and a balance (moveable) weight J on the other, and
when in their normal position the water passes through G into another (fixed) boot K
from which the water is conducted (through the side of the container b) away as
required. The small vessel H has an overflow pipe L attached that limits its contents,
the surplus at all times flowing into the boot K. J works in a small box M that has
a slot in it through which the arm passes and opposite (at or near the bottom) an
aperture N is formed and is prolonged in the shape of a tube which passes through b,
and to which it is secured, this aperture is for the purpose of allowing a key to be
inserted so that the weight J may be adjusted: M prevents any extraneous liquid
that may be inadvertently inserted finding its way to the filter below. The cover
of bis dished in a concave form to a small aperture and pipe O situate over
the centre of the vessel H so that the rain falling upon the cover is led into H
and J is so adjusted that when a certain quantity of water accumulates in H it
cf

page_text: overbalances G and causes the water to flow into b (instead of K) and thence to the
filter c.
When the atmosphere becomes dry the water in H gradually evaporates and
J brings G back into its normal position.
The filter is placed either directly under the separator and forms a part of it,
or may be at a distance and connected to it by a pipe: it is formed of different
stratuins of sand, coke, and animal or other charcoal of one or more different
degrees of fineness, each of which is separated from the next by watertight
divisions P, except that a portion of their alternate sides is cut off so that the water
shall flow backwards and forwards through the whole stratums in the directions of
the arrows the lowest division Q has not a side cut off but has an equal area of
perforations through which the water flows into the tank d while the filtering medium
is retained Q is secured to the sides and all the others P, and R rest upon it by
means of continuous distance pieces S passing all round the sides between each, and
are thus maintained in position and secured by the vertical bolts T passing through
the whole one or all of the stratums have two apertures U with proper covers so
that when it is desired to replace the medium, by drawing the covers the water flows
through and washes it out; when one cover is replaced, the medium may be also
through the other: the top division R is covered with perforations, upon which the
water falls from without disturbance of the medium.
The tank d either forms part of the filter c or is to be at a distance, and connected
by means of a pipe: an overflow pipe Z is carried up through the tank and passes
out through an aperture Y in the bottom: for the triple purposes of drawing off the
drinking water at any height from the bottom, and also for flushing out the stagnant
water from the bottom, as well as for an overflow: the pipe is formed in two parts Z
and Z each passing through the bottom and the lower passing telescopically into the
upper as shown; each have small collars X attached round which a rubber band is
passed, that takes against each side of the bottom: at the height it is desired to
draw off the water two holes are made opposite one another in Z through which a
pipe W that forms the upper horizontal part of a T pipe is passed and tightened up
with screw nuts the lower vertical part of the T pipe is continued down and passes
through the bend of the pipe Z2 and carries a nut Y (with small arms) to screw it
up tight and thus compresses the two pipes toward one another and the rubber bands
against each side of the bottom of d effecting water tight joints in each case: the
vertical part of the T pipe has a stop tap screwed into it or a pipe may lead the
water wherever convenient for the tap Z Z. Thus the drinking water is drawn
from ZZ, and the stagnant water is flushed off from the tank by slackening the
nut V when, the pressure being released the weight of the pipes cause them to drop
until V takes against the stop U U and releases the lower joint, and by continuing
to turn V the upper joint is released by Z rising when the water flows off through
the annular space Y.
The whole are to be made of, timber, earthen ware pipes, metal or slate as circum-
stances require.

page_text: ROBERT COOKE SAYER 11 Clyde Road, Redland, Bristol, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The process obtains by means of five different essential parts viz. :-The strainer a
(see Drawing Fig. 1) the separator : tho filter c: the store tank d: and the com-
bined overflow, flushing, and drawing off apparatus E.
The strainer a is formed of a perforated plate of sufficient area to catch leaves and
dirt.
The separator b, which is to be fixed near or at a distance from a is for the purpose
of allowing the first water from the roofs &c. which contains the impurities from the
atmosphere roofs, shoots &c. to pass in one direction for gardening or other purposes:
but when they are cleansed to pass in another direction for filtering and subsequent
storage for drinking or other purposes. This is accomplished by leading the water
through the container cover into a central boot-shaped vessel G working on a
spindle G and having attached a saucer shaped vessel Ĥ by means of the rod H²
that passes through it (G): H is threaded and carries an adjustable balance weight J
on the other side: H has attached the small tube L to act as an overflow, and in
addition to its mouth L has (within H) several small holes one above the other by
which the water contained in H is varied as required, thus any required amount of
water in H flowing from is adjusted by J to over balance G. L and H: in the
normal position of G. L. H. and J the water flows from a through G and the
tank Kaway through the side of 6 as desired the rain falling upon passes
through the aperture and pipe 0 (which has a small strainer to exclude dirt) into H,
the surplus flowing into K and away with the other.
When required works in a small box attached to 6 having a slot for its arm:
and then opposite J in ban aperture is formed through which to pass a key for
adjusting this box is so arranged that any extraneous liquid finding its way in
should only be able to leave by the aperture in b.
The cover is dished to a concave form externally and leads the water falling
upon it to the aperture O and when the regulated amount overbalances G. L. H
and the water from a passes through G into until, after the rain ceases and the
water in H is evaporated J returns them to their normal position.
The filter c is a round flat top'd box without a bottom and is shown in vertical and
horizontal sections at Figs. 1 and 2 respectively, it is divided into several compart-
ments by flat plates or discs (six shown in the Drawing) the top and bottom ones M

page_text: :
and N are perforated all over the intermediate ones P have large holes P2 and with
this exception they are all water tight: these divisions rest upon rings of rubber
hardwood, (or other material) S that line c and the spaces are filled up with filtering
materials and form different stratums of sand, coke, and animal or other charcoal of
varying degrees of size and when charged they are compressed together to the
extent required by the bolts Q where Q pass through P, P, small rubber rings are
placed on the upper side of P, P, in small filters, but in large ones Q are made to
pass through all of the rings S (not only at M and N as shown) and these (S) being
put in dry and tight swelling with the moisture, and the pressure of Q makes all
water tight: The top of c and the bottom of bare fitted with short conical tubes
so that one may fit the other and the joint is made good by a rubber ring: The
box e has at each stratum of filter pairs of holes R in its side, each pair being at
right angles to the other and at 45° to the bolts Q: these holes have stoppers of
cork, hardwood or rubber which are drawn together by the horizontal bolts T: The
water entering e flows through the perforations and from stratum to stratum in the
direction of the arrow heads and into the tank d. When required either or all
the stratums of filtering material may be taken out cleansed and returned or new
substituted by taking out one or more pairs of the stoppers in R. In the arrange-
ment shown has four straps U attached to its bottom and at the bottom of each a
slot is formed and these (when the cones are together) are passed over the ends of
the two top bolts T, an additional nut being placed on each for tightening them up
and keeping in position.
:
In some cases is fixed above e with a tank Z (not shown on Drawing) between
to contain the water that first falls and that also receives the overflow from c
through K when does not filter as rapidly as it falls, or when the retaining tank
between and c is full, and in this case and c and the retaining tank are connected
by pipes having similar water tight conical joints, and a second pipe connects Z with
the top of e so as to filter its contents when desired. D is a tank of any description
either near or at a distance from e but connected with it, and having the combined
over flow, flushing out and drawing off apparatus E: V is the overflow pipe having a
flange at the bottom to which is attached a rubber ring that rests upon the bottom
of d a second pipe W works vertically inside V and passes through the hottom
of d having a bend W at the end and a collar W³ and a second rubber ring is
attached to the outside bottom of d against which W³ rests: a transverse pipe X
passes through V at any desired height and is threaded and connected by nuts and
washers and carries a vertical branch pipe that passes through V and W and out
of W at the bend W2 where it has a washer and a nut W to work up and down it
with arms for easy working it passes through the guide support Y and has a tap
at the bottom so that when in its normal position as shown, the overflow passes
down V and away at W, and the water is drawn off through X down the vertical
stem and by the tap Z Z: upon slackening out W the weight of V keeps it down
and W falls which draws the collar from the lower rubber ring, until W₁ meets Y,
when V is raised and lifts the upper ring from the bottom and allows the water to
escape and flush out the tank to any extent. (as may be arranged): upon
reversing W4, V and W are drawn toward one another and the joint is made water
tight by the rubber rings. Y Y is a tray and supply pipe leading to the bottom of d,
closed at the end and perforated to prevent disturbance. All the parts are to be
made of any material to suit climatic and other considerations.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1st. The general arrangement of the whole apparatus as described and shown on
the Drawing, together with a retaining tank between b and c to hold water that comes
too rapidly for the filter to pass, and also an intermediate tank for the dirty water
and supplying the same to the filter when required and also the perforated supply
pipe Y Y to prevent disturbance substantially as described.

page_text: h
2nd. The arrangement of the separator whereby the water from the dirty roofs
and air is passed away and stored for one purpose: and when the roof's &c. and air
are cleaned by the rain the water passes to the filter and is stored for another purpose
substantially as described.
3rd. The arrangement of the filter c whereby the water passes through varying
strata of filtering medium backwards and forwards of great length, and the means
of making each stratum impervious to the next except through the aperture provided:
also the means of compressing the filtering medium to any desired extent and also
the means adopted for taking out and cleaning and returning or substituting new
filtering medium in the case of only one or more or all the stratums, and also the
mode of making the joints water tight and supporting the separator (or other)
upon c by means of the conical &c. joints substantially as described.
4th. The arrangement of the combined overflow, flushing and drawing off
apparatus substantially as described.