IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Heinrich Pollack, of Hambourg, Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS."
Sealed the 25th May 1869, and dated the 26th November 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Heinrich Pollack at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th November 1868.
I, HEINRICH POLLACK, of Hambourg, Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-
ARMS," to be as follows:-
To the stock of the gun is screwed a metal pipe having at the
top an indented opening and at the fore end an internal screw to
which the barrel is screwed either with or without a seating. In
this pipe is placed a metal cylinder open at the back but having
outside the hole a projecting cam to be used as a presser, and at
the other end the cylinder carries the locker, which consists of a
flat head in contact with an india-rubber. washer, between which
and the end of the cylinder there is a layer of leather. The head
is formed on a screwed pin having a hole in the centre for the
needle to pass through, and the pin is fixed to the cylinder from

page_text: the inside by means of a screw nut, there being a long key adapted
for the purpose, and the inside of the cylinder is cleaned by a chamber
cleaner when required. In this cylinder there is a chamber through
which is passed the bolt or needle holder which is encircled by a spiral
spring and a steel hoop the latter acting as a bearer to the needle, and
at the back of the bolt there is a head having a curved projection to
be used as a stretching butt. To the cylinder is fixed a handle and
knob by which the cylinder can be partly turned and moved to and
fro, and when the cylinder is brought to its backward position the gun
is opened, and when again partly turned the presser pushes back the
stretching butt, to an over trigger by which it is fastened, the bolt and
needle having at the same time been brought back and the spiral spring
stretched. The cartridge is put into the barrel, the cylinder pushed
forwards, and the gun closed by turning the cylinder to its closing position,
and then the projecting cam regains its original position at the bottom
of the curve on the bolt head, and the gun is cocked, and when the
firing trigger is pulled the spiral spring is set at liberty to propel the
bolt and needle forward and cause the gun to be fired.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Heinrich Pollack in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 26th May 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HEINRICH
POLLACK, of Hambourg, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Heinrich Pollack, Her special licence
that I, the said Heinrich Pollack, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Heinrich Pollack, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREEC.-

page_text: LOADING FIRE-ARMS,' upon the condition (amongst others) that 1, the
said Heinrich Pollack, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Heinrich Pollack, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings (that is
to say) :-
This Invention relates to improvements in breech-loading fire-arms;
and consists in securing to the stock of the gun by a screw a, Fig. 1,
a metal pipe having at the top an indented opening and at the fore end
an internal screw b to which the barrel is screwed either with or
without a seating. In this pipe is placed a metal cylinder c, Fig. 2,
open at the back, but having outside the hole a projecting cam d to
be used as a presser, and at the other end the cylinder carries the
locker, which consists of a flat head e in contact with an india-rubber
washer, between which and the end of the cylinder there is a layer of
leather. The head is formed on a screwed pin having a hole in the
centre for the needlef to pass through, and the pin is fixed to the cylinder
from the inside by means of a screw nut, there being a long key
adapted for the purpose, and the inside of the cylinder is cleaned by
a chamber cleaner when required. In this cylinder there is a chamber
through which is passed the bolt or needle holder which is encircled
by a spiral spring g and a steel hoop h, the latter acting as a bearer
to the needle f, and at the back of the bolt 1, there is a head m, having
a curved projection n to be used as a stretching butt, there being an
aperture at the side to insert the trigger spring k. Fig. 4 represents
the trigger, and Fig. 5 the cartridge; to the cylinder c is fixed a handle
and knob r by which the cylinder can be partly turned and moved
to and fro, and when the cylinder is brought to its backward position
the gun is opened, and when again partly turned the presser pushes
back the stretching butt to an over trigger by which it is fastened, the
bolt and needle having at the same time been brought back and the

page_text: spiral spring stretched. The cartridge is put into the barrel, the cylinder
pushed forwards, and the gun closed by turning the cylinder to its
closing position, and then the projecting cam regains its original position
at the bottom of the curve on the bolt head and the gun is cocked, and
when the firing trigger is pulled the spiral spring is set at liberty to
propel the bolt and needle forwards and cause the gun to be fired.
Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention,
I claim the improvements in breech-loading fire-arms as herein
described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Heinrich Pollack, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of May, 1869.