Improvements in and relating to Sheet-metal Lathing and the like, Chiefly Designed for Use in the Construction of Fire Proof Buildings.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Sheet-metal Lathing and the like,
Chiefly Designed for Use in the Construction of Fire Proof
Buildings.
I. GEORGE HATES of 71.Eighth Avenue, in the City and State of New York;
United States of America, Civil and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to a new sheet-metal lathing and screeding to receive plastering
applied to ceilings and vertical walls. Also to furring with the said lathing as against
Brickwalls.
Also to Partitions formed by said lathing with adjuncts connected therewith. Also
to a flooring laid therewith and covered with cement.
And my improvements consist in preparing a sheet or strip of sheet-metal to receive
and liold plastering or cement by puncturing apertures at intervals throughout its
extent without removing any portion of the metal-in the operation pressing out-
wardly the metal at the edge of the opening in such manner that a wedge-shaped or
dove-tail slot is produced with its widest part inwards-through and into which the
plaster sets and hardens, becoming thereby effectually locked to the metal. And it
also consists in projecting (during the same operation of puncturing) portions of the
edge-metal outwardly and with a backward curl-forming lips and tongues whereby
is produced a surface of raised hooks to aid in holding the plaster to the metal-
the said sheets or strips so prepared are to be secured by nailing or otherwise to
vertical walls, studding, etc. Also to ceilings, ceiling joists or other supports and
plastered upon in the usual way.
It further consists in the formation (to said sheets or strips) of certain for-
wardly projecting bends, corrugations or moldings to serve as screeds or guides for
Plastering at angles.
It further consists in forming such sheets or strips, as required for internal
covering of Brickwalls where space is desirable to prevent passage of dampness,
with backward bends or corrugations which touching the wall hold the plane of
the sheet or strip therefrom and serve in lieu of furring strips as heretofore used, in
securing air space between lathing and wall.

page_text: It further consists in the combination of sheets of the aforesaid punctured sheet-
metal provided with back bends as furring-the sheets arranged back to back with
space between equal to the depth of bends and secured together by wiring or other-
wise each face to be plastered-by this means forming a partition wall without
studding in the heretofore usual manner.
Figure 1. represents a face view of a piece of sheet-metal with a portion of the
same covered with plaster. P'unctured openings are shown at intervals with the
edge-metal turned outwardly. Where shown plastered the openings are indicated
by dotted lines. At the upper left-hand corner the slit formed by the puncture is
shown.
Figure 2. is a sectional view of the same sheet through openings on line w-a of
Fig. 1.
Figure 3. is a sectional view of a side wall and ceiling faced with the punctured
sheet-metal and Plaster. The section is taken through one set of openings-the
alternating set being shown dotted.
Figure 4. represents a corner of Brickwall faced with the sheet-metal lathing, with
furring bends allowing air space between lathing and Brickwork-the angle pro-
vided with metallic screed and a portion of lathing covered with plaster with a
molded base.
Figure 5. is a similar corner view showing the metal lathing applied to an angle of
studding or wooden framing. Plaster with base also is supplied. An angle screed
of metal is shown but furring is here dispensed with.
Figure 6. is a horizontal section of a Partition wall formed exclusively of the
sheets or strips of sheet-metal lathing having the punctured openings with raised
edge-metal-the sheets arranged back to back-and provided with furring bends
or folds which may be made of any depth desired according to the intended thickness
of Partition. Plastering is shown as covering their external faces.
Figure 7. is a similar sectional view to show addition of angle iron posts used when
extra strength is desired.
Figure S. is a similar sectiona! view to show how flat iron posts may be used.
Figure 9. is a similar sectional view to show application of T iron posts.
Figure 10. is a similar sectional view to show a conjunction of furring bends.
Figure 11. is a similar sectional view to show application of channel iron posts.
Figure 12. is a face view of a piece of the lathing illustrating a modification
respecting the shape of punctured openings.
Figures 13, 14 and 15 are also face views showing other forms of openings.
Figure 16. is a sectional view showing a door jamb formed to the sheet-metal
partition with T iron post and cast iron casings.
Figure 17. shows in perspective the cutting end of the male die used to puncture
the openings in the sheets and force outwardly the edge-metal with curl to form
tongues, lips or catches.
On the drawings A indicates the Sheet (or it may be a strip) of Sheet metal, and B,
indicates apertures through the sheet, formed by puncturing with suitable dies-
which make a cut through the metal as shown at a, in the upper left-hand corner of
Fig. 7. entering the centre first and expanding the metal each side as it enters-the
edge-metal being raised and curled over backward as shown in the completed openings
of Figs. 1. 2 and 3. the lines diverging from the centre at b, in Fig. 1-show the cuts
dividing the edge-metal into four parts-which when turned outwardly form the
tongues, lips or hooks C, and D, of the finished lathing-and project from its
receiving face over which is applied the coating of Plaster-it may be seen by
reference to the sectional view Fig. 2-that the aperture thus formed is, owing to the
curved form of the edge projections, widest at a plane with its back or reverse face
so that it may be termed a dovetail slot-as the plastering entering and extending
beyond the reverse shape necessarily takes a dovetail form effectually locking itself to
the lathing it also fits closely all round and against the projecting tongues, lips or
catches so that a degree of coallescence of lathing and plastering is effectuated never
before attained.

page_text: "
The apertures are formed in the sheet by dies arranged in gangs attached to a
vertically reciprocating carriage forming part of a machine operated by steam or
other power-usually forming two rows at one stroke-the openings "breaking joint
or alternating The single stroke punctures and turns outwardly the metal to the
finished shape shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3-the usual form of male die is shown in
Fig. 17.
I do not confine myself to form of die or opening-except so far as necessary to
the production of the dovetail effect and curling or curving of the tongues, lips or
catches.
I prefer to make the openings about by of an English inch-but the size may
vary to suit the kind of plastering material used.
The sheets may be cut and bent to suit any desired location-and used to form
columns, Pilasters, Arches, niches, Groins &c. and also may be applied externally to
walls, especially to frame buildings, and thereby both outside and inside are rendered
fireproof.
The lathing is adapted to receive any kind of Plaster or cement-and it may be
prepared, as a preventative against oxidation by dipping in asphaltum or other liquid
preservative or by Galvanizing-Painting &c.
It may be secured to any supports, wood or iron,-Brick or Stonework, by
nails, screws, hooks &c. through the openings, or furring folds--according to
circumstances.
•
For Partitions I usually wire them together, threading the wire through the
openings of each face-and where Iron Posts are used at doorways and elsewhere I
wire the lathing to the Posts also.
By this system, Partitions may be made only two inches in thickness from outside
to outside thus effecting a gain in space for the apartment enclosed thereby.
Less motar is required than with other lathing and it may be used stiffer than
ordinary, requiring less time in drying also in laying on.
Scratch coating is unnecessary.
The lathing can be readily applied by any person of ordinary intelligence.
When extra stiffness is required in the lathing, the sheets may be corrugated,
crimped or rib'd throughout in addition.
The screed angles may be formed in the sheets or made separate. and placed in
connection where needed.
A Fireproof floor may be made by nailing down the sheets to any suitable surface
and covering with a mixture of Gravel, sand and cement or other composition.
This will be found especially useful in Bathrooms, Washrooms and Kitchens.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is -
:―
First. An opening in sheet-metal formed by puncturing through and pressing
forward the metal at the edge of the cut in such manner that a dovetail slot is
produced without removal of any portion of the metal, essentially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
Second. In sheet-metal a tongue, lip or hook formed by puncturing through the
sheet and spreading outward and backward the metal at the side of the opening in the
manner shown for the purpose set forth.
Third. A sheet or strip of sheet-metal having at intervals throughout its extent
punctured apertures-cach having its edge spread outwardly constituting it a wedge
shaped or dovetail slot for reception of plaster essentially as shown and described.
Fourth. A sheet or strip of sheet metal having at intervals throughout its extent
raised hooks or catches formed of the edge-metal by puncturing centrally and turning
outwardly with a backward curl or roll the edge of the opening essentially as shown
and described.
Fifth. Sheet-metal lathing prepared for the reception and holding of Plaster by
apertures and raised tongues essentially as shown and described.

page_text: Sixth. In sheet-metal lathing or backing for Plaster-the combination of apertures
and tongues or catches, arranged at intervals throughout essentially as shown and
described.
Seventh. Sheet metal corrugated at intervals and prepared for holding Plaster by
punctured apertures the edges of which are raised to form tongues or catches essentially
as shown and described.
Eighth. In metallic lathing a projecting bend or fold adapted to serve as a Screed
essentially as shown and described:
Ninth. In combination with metallic lathing--a separate angle screed or molding
applied thereto essentially as shown and described.
Tenth. In metallic lathing, backward projecting corrugations or folds adapted
to hold the plane of the sheet or strip at a suitable distance from the wall (when
applied thereto) to prevent passage of dampness, essentially as shown and described.
Eleventh. The combination of sheets or strips of sheet-metal all apertured with
raised tongues or catches as berein set forth, with furring folds arranged and secured
together back to back to form Partitions, essentially as shown and described.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1888.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.