Improvements in or relating to Furnaces or Apparatus for Heating Boilers, Evaporating Pans, and other Structures.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 6th June, 1891-Accepted, 11th July, 18º1
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Furnaces or Apparatus for Heating
Boilers, Evaporating Pans, and other Structures.
1, HARRY CLAYTON SHAW, of 146, Mill Lane, Sutton, St. Helens, in the
County of Lancaster, Manager of Chemical Works, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention has for its object the utilization of the entire area of the heating
surface of a boiler or other heating apparatus and the complete combustion of fuel,
and the keeping of that combustion in full control. Instead of the boiler being
provided with bridge fire bars and furnace fronts I take these entirely away and
have a fixed or portable furnace or gas producer outside and in front of the boiler
flue or fire orifice. I prefer this furnace to be placed on wheels to travel on rails
or the smooth surface of the boiler room floor so that it can be taken away from the
furnace orifice at a moments notice and placed against it again. This furnace
consists of a chamber having preferably a water heating tank on top and also along-
side the tank a charging hopper for admitting the fuel. The furnace front is
entirely open but is supplied with a damper so that it can be closed partially or
wholly when desired; the orifice to the flue is also supplied with a damper. Along-
side the opening of the furnace into the fire and round a part or the whole of the
circumference of the orifice I may arrange adjustable openings for air so that any
desired amount of air can be admitted to mix with gases or products of combustion
entering the flue.
The mode of action is as follows:-
A fire being built up and kindled in the furnace the orifice of the latter is placed
against the opening into the boiler flue.
The two dampers are opened.
The air entering from the front and passing through the fire forms products of
combustion and gases which enter the boiler flue and any desired amount of air can
be admitted at the same time. The furnace is kept charged with fuel and as the
clinker accumulates the latter can be and is removed from front acting as fire bars
however in the meantime.
The amount of draft is regulated by the abstraction and poking of this clinker
and by working the dampers.
The front damper can be entirely closed for a time and the air orifices into the
flue opened, in which case combustible gases only are produced and burnt in the
boiler flue. If a moderate amount of air be allowed to pass into the furnace,
producer gases or a mixture of producer gases and carburetted hydrogen or producer
gases and products of combustion pass into the furnace and are met by a regulated
quantity of air from the openings of the side of the furnace orifice. This apparatus
will be useful with almost all kinds of boilers and heating apparatuses.
It will be specially useful also for chemical operations where the heat is let down
during discharge and recharge. One advantage which this apparatus will have
over all others known to me is that the furnace can be instantly removed in case it
s found that the boiler crown is getting overheated.
Dated the 6th day of September 1890.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or relating to Furnaces or Apparatus for Heating
Boilers, Evaporating Pans, and other Structures.
1, ILARRY CLAYTON SHAW of 146, Mill Lane, Sutton, St. Helens, in the
County of Lancaster, Manager of Chemical Works, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention has for its object the utilisation of the entire area of the heating
surface of a boiler or other heating apparatus and the complete combustion of fuel,
and the keeping of that combustion in full control.
Instead of the boiler being provided with bridge fire bars and furnace fronts, I
take these entirely away and have a fixed or portable furnace outside and in front
of the boiler flue or fire orifice.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying sheet of
drawings (and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon) which shows
a portion of an ordinary Lancashire boiler having applied to it a furnace constructed
according to any invention, the furnace in this case being a twin one,
Figure 1 being a vertical longitudinal section,
Figure 2 a section on the line Z-Y of Figure 1, and
Figure 3 an end view.
I prefer this furnace C, formed of fire brick with a cast iron outside lining D, to
be placed on wheels La (on axles X fixed in suitable hearings on the bottom plate
of the furnace) and to travel on rails or the smooth surface of the boiler room Hoor,
so that it can be taken away from the flues B B of the boiler A at a moment's
notice and placed against them again. This furnace consists of a chamber
having a charging hopper E for admitting the fuel. If desired, the top of the
furnace may be built with a tank for containing water, so that what heat is given
off from the top of the finmace would be thereby utilised for heating the water.
The furnace front may be entirely open, or as I prefer and as shown on the
drawings, it may, instead of being entirely open, be only partially so, being the
openings, and a door in front of the same. The degree of opening of this
door can be regulated to any desired extent, and when this door is closed.
the furnace, as hereinafter explained, at once becomes for the time a gas producer
and at the same time gives out comparatively little heat, when, however, this door
is opened and the clinker is maintained in a sufficiently porous state by an
occasional poking or extraction of entirely oxidised and cooled clinker, the furnace
is working up to its full capacity. When, however, the furnace front is entirely
open, it must be supplied with a damper so that it can be closed partially or wholly
when desired. I may arrange at suitable places at the furnace front, adjustable
openings KK for air so that any desired amount of air can be admitted to mix
with gases or products of combustion entering the flues B B. Gis a bridge
over the openings F so as to increase their length somewhat and thus enable
the clinker which takes approximately the line M to stand without falling outside
the furnace. His a communication between the two furnaces, as the furnace
in the present case is a twin one, in cases, however, where the furnace is only a single
one there is no occasion for the central diaphragm or the communication II.
Jis a continuation of the brick work of the furnace extending into the flue so na
to cover the joints where the flue joins the boiler. O is the ordinary manhole door.
Ptie rods tying together the outside tining of the furnace, K R are asbestos or slag
wool linings. S the metal bed plate of the furmee having webs as shown and
covered with fire-clay or fire brick slabs.
It may here be observed that instead of the clinker or fuel being allowed to
rest directly on the bed plate of the furnace, a row of fire bars may be applied
to the furnace; in such case, the bridge would be done away with, and the

page_text: fire bars would extend downwardly in a sloping direction from the inside of the
front wall of the furnace (at about where G would join it) to within some
distance from the back of the furnace where the bars would be suitably supported
at a short distance above the bed plate of the furnace; T, Figure 1, shows in such
case the relative position of the fire bars and when such fire bars are applied, they,
being in a sloping direction, the clinker would fall or tumble off them, at their open
ends, onto the bed plate of the furnace at U, from whence it could be easily raked
out through the openings M; a steam jet would play on the ends of the fire bars
about U as otherwise they would become too heated and wear out too soon.
The mode of action is as follows:-
A fire being built up and kindled in the furnace C, coal is added through the
hopper E, being supplied at intervals by hand, or, if desired by a stoking machine.
The fuel falls down on to the bridge G and into the chamber C and gradually sinks
till it rests on the floor. The orifice at J of the furnace is placed against the openings
of the boiler flues B B, and the two openings F F are opened. The air entering
from the front and passing through the fire forms products of combustion and
gases which enter the boiler flues BB and any desired amount of air can be admitted
at the same time and also by means of the dampers K K. The furnace C is kept
charged with fuel through the hopper E and as the clinker accumulates, the latter
can be and is removed from the front by the openings F F, but until it is
removed, and where firebars are not applied as previously mentioned, the clinker
itself lying on the bed plate of the furnace Cacts however as fire bars in the
meantime. Although the openings FF are of considerable height, the fuel always
stands at a very steep angle, the soft pasty clinker not rolling down far but
standing approximately with the slope of the line M. The amount of draught is
regulated by the abstraction and poking of this clinker and by working the
dampers KK. These dampers K K and also the openings FF can be entirely
closed for a time, in which case, combustible gases only are produced and burnt in
the boiler flute. If a moderate amount of air be allowed to pass into the furnace,
producer gases or a mixture of producer gases and carburetted hydrogen or
producer gases and products of combustion, pass into the furnace and are met by
a regulated quantity of air from the dampers K K above the furnace orifice.
Where a sufficient draught is not provided, a forced draught may be employed,
such could be provided for by means of an injector or fan applied at the side of the
furnace, the nozzle or nozzles of the forced draught apparatus entering the furnace
hearth just about where the line of clinker meets it.
This apparatus will be useful with almost all kinds of boilers and heating
apparatus.
It will be specially useful also for chemical operations where the heat is let down
during discharge and recharge.
One advantage which this apparatus will have over all others known to me is that
the furnace can be instantly removed in case it is found that the boiler crown is
getting over heated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :
1. The improvements in the construction of independent or separate furnaces or
apparatus for heating boilers, evaporating pans and other structures, consisting in
constructing such furnaces with a large combustion chamber provided with an
opening for establishing communication with the boiler flue, the bottom of which
chamber forms a hearth in the front wall of which are suitable openings F F, above
which latter are dampers K K, all arranged and co-operating together substantially
as and for the purposes herein before described and shown.
2. The construction of a furnace or apparatus for heating boilers, evaporating
pans and other structures of the kind described in Claim 1 in the form of

page_text: a carriage so as to be portable and capable of being moved from boiler to
boiler.
3. The general arrangement and construction of the furnace or apparatus for
heating boilers, evaporating paus and other structures, taken as a whole, substantially
as hereinbefore described and shown.
Dated this 5th day of June 1891.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Nottingham, and London, Patent Agents.