Improvements in Pipes and other Hollow Bodies used in Heating and Cooling Apparatus
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1900-Accepted, 7th July, 1900
Improvements in Pipes and other Hollow Bodies used in Heating and
Cooling Apparatus.
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I, RUDOLF COMMICHAU, of Magdeburg-Sudenburg, in the German Empire,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to improvements in heating or refrigerating bodies or
pipes.
According to the invention the heating or cooling surface of pipes etc., is
increased by ribs drawn upon the round or other shaped hollow bodies or pipes,
the said ribs being formed from wound, rolled spiral strips of suitable shape,
preferably broad and of elliptical or other suitable section.
Such ribbed heating or cooling bodies possess, in addition to the advantage of
cheapness of manufacture, the further advantage that the necessity for a special
attachment for the ribs is dispensed with as the separate spirals hold fast. It is
therefore, possible to apply the broad spirals to refrigerating or heating bodies,
such for example as heating coils and stoves, after the required form is given
to the pipes forming them as the said spirals can be easily drawn on to the
pipes wherever required even where such pipes are of complicated shape.
In addition to smooth spirals I can also employ for this purpose, and for
obtaining increased heating or cooling surfaces or for decorative purposes,
spirals which during the rolling process are corrugated or provided with
strengthened inner or outer edges or with other decorative designs by the use of
rollers of the requisite shape.
The above described process, also possesses the great advantage that all flanged
connections, which, as is well known, become leaky in course of time and cause
damage to walls and floors from the dripping of the cooling or heating liquid,
are dispensed with and only the ordinary means, heretofore used for pipe con-
nections, are employed.
In order to obtain good transmission of heat or cold the spirals can be con-
nected together, for example by soldering, effected in the usual manner, or by
means of electricity. When it is desired to avoid soldering or where great
importance is attached to the connections, the pipes can be initially provided with
grooves pressed into them or turned therein. The spirals are then, after being
placed in position, heated and the pipes turned into them. On cooling, the
spirals contract and form a connection which is sufficient for the uses for which
the apparatus is designed.
For many purposes it is necessary to have a very intense heat or cold trans-
mission and in such cases in addition to the outer spirals, internal spirals are
also fitted into the pipes and secured therein in any suitable way.
Dated the 30th day of August 1899.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Pipes and other Hollow Bodies used in Heating and
Cooling Apparatus.
I, RUDOLF COMMICHAU, of Magdeburg-Sudenburg, in the German Empire,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
_
This invention relates to improvements in heating or refrigerating bodies or
pipes.
According to the invention the heating or cooling surface of pipes etc., is
increased by ribs drawn upon the round or other shaped hollow bodies or pipes,
the said ribs being formed of wound, rolled spiral strips of suitable shape, pre-
ferably broad and of elliptical or other suitable section.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 shews a portion of a round pipe having the spiral strip drawn thereon:
Figure 2 is a transverse section thereof:
Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but shewing an elliptical pipe:
Figures 4 and 5 are views drawn to a larger scale of two forms of spiral strips:
Figure 6 shews a bent heating or refrigerating body or pipe having the spiral
strip or ribs drawn thereon:
Figure 7 is a similar view of a modified form of heating or refrigerating body:
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of a pipe illustrating different modes of
applying the ribs hereinafter described; and
Figure 9 is a similar view of a pipe having both external and internal ribs.
a is the body or pipe which is to be provided with the ribbed radiating sur-
face and b is the strip which forms the said ribbed radiating surface and which
is fitted upon the body or pipe a. In the arrangement shewn in Figures 1
and 2 the pipe is shewn straight and circular in cross section and the radiating
rib or surface b is wound spirally, a portion of such a rib (preferably elliptical
in section) being shewn to a larger scale in Figure 4. Figure 3 shews a similar
arrangement applied to an oval pipe or body a.
Figure 5 shews a portion of a spiral strip which, during the rolling, is corru-
gated to increase the heating or cooling surface. These strips can also be pro-
vided with strengthened inner or outer edges or with other decorative designs
by the use of rollers of the requisite shape.
Figure 6 shews a heating body formed of a pipe a bent or curved to a zigzag
shape and provided with a spirally wound strip 6: Figure 7 shews a similar
heating body with the exception that the pipe a forming it is itself coiled spirally
instead of being curved in a zigzag fashion.
Such ribbed heating or cooling bodies possess, in addition to the advantage of
cheapness of manufacture, the further advantage that the necessity for a special
attachment for the ribs is dispensed with as the separate spirals hold fast. It is
therefore, possible to apply the broad spirals to refrigerating or heating bodies,
such for example as heating coils and stoves, after the required form is given to
the pipes forming them as the said spirals can be easily drawn on to the pipes
wherever required even where such pipes are of complicated shape.
The above described arrangement also possesses the great advantage that all
flanged connections which, as is well known, become leaky in course of time and
cause damage to walls and floors from the dripping of the cooling or heating
liquid, are dispensed with and only the ordinary means, heretofore used for pipe
connections, are employed.

page_text: In order to obtain good transmission of heat or cold the spirals can be con-
nected to the pipes for example by soldering, effected in the usual manner, or
by means of electricity. When it is desired to avoid soldering or where great
importance is attached to the connections, the pipes can be initially provided (as
shewn in Figure 8) with grooves c, c pressed into them or with grooves d turned
therein. The spirals b are, after being placed in position, heated and the pipes
turned into them. On cooling, the spirals contract and form a connection which
is sufficient for the uses for which the apparatus is designed. At e I have shewn
a spiral strip merely shrunk upon the plain surface of the pipe a. Or the spiral
strips can be secured to the pipes by expanding the latter.
For many purposes it is necessary to have a very intense heat or cold trans-
mission and in such cases in addition to the outer spirals b, internal spirals f, f
(Figure 9) are also fitted into the pipes and secured therein in any suitable way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
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1. Heating or refrigerating bodies consisting of hollow bodies or pipes on
which are drawn broad strips of metal wound spirally and which may be of
elliptical or corrugated shape or thickened at the inner or outer end or orna-
mented, substantially as, and for the purpose, hereinbefore described.
2. In heating or refrigerating bodies of the kind described in Claim 1, the
arrangement wherein the spirals are secured to the pipes by means of grooves
formed or turned in the latter for receiving the spirals, or by expanding the
pipes, substantially as, and for the purpose, hereinbefore described.
3. In heating or refrigerating bodies of the kind described in Claim 1, the
combination with the outer radiating ribs of internal ribs, substantially as, and
for the purpose, herein before described.
4. Heating or refrigerating bodies or pipes, constructed substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 20th day of Ver 1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.