IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING SHAFTS AND AXLES
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,.
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman,
for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING SHAFTS AND
AXLES." A communication from abroad by Thomas Cooper, of Cincinnati,
1
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th November 1865.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING
SHAFTS AND AXLES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide a machine for rolling shafts and
axles into the proper or desired form at one operation. On a pair of bori-
zontal shafts mounted in suitable bearings are keyed two rollers, the
longitudinal profile of which rollers is made to correspond inversely with that
of the axle or shaft to be rolled. For instance, for rolling car axles, which
gradually diminish in diameter from their ends towards their centres, the
rollers are made with a corresponding convex exterior. On the same shafts
there are placed at either end of these rollers one of a pair of rollers, which

page_text: may be considered as continuations of the tapering rollers. These are made
of a form corresponding with that designed to be given the axle or shaft near
its ends. The diameter of these end rollers is increased at their outer ends,
at which part they are grooved circumferentially to receive parallel bars, the
ends of which are connected by uprights or standards, one bar being above
the roller shafts, and the other below them. The uprights or standards of
the bars are fitted loosely and allowed to slide freely upon two parallel
horizontal shafts secured to the main framing. These shafts have spiral
springs upon them, the inner ends of which bear against the uprights or
standards, while the outer ends bear against the bearings of the shafts.
These spiral springs have a tendency to keep the end rollers in contact with
the ends of the taper rollers, in consequence of the connection of the bars
with the end rollers. The rollers are made excentric, and the pressure on
the bar or shaft to be formed is obtained by this means. The bar or shaft is
retained in proper position between the rollers by means of fixed and
adjustable rests. The end rollers are allowed to slide on their shafts, but
are made to turn with them in consequence of a feather on the shafts fitting
in grooves in the rollers. The bar to be operated upon is inserted between
the rollers through an opening in one of the standards, and the rollers in
revolving fashion or form the axle or shaft, the pressure, as before stated,
being caused by the excentricity of the rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th May 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred'
Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,"
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the terin therein expressed, should and lawfully might

page_text: make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR ROLLING SHAPTS AND AXLES," being a com-
munication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their; or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
This Invention relates to a new and improved machine for rolling shafts.
and axles into the proper or desired form at one operation.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. I is a vertical section of the improved'
machine taken in the line x, x, Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 a plan of the same, but
showing one of the rolls in section. Similar letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts.
A, A, are two vertical head pieces securely attached to a base plate B, and'
carrying the bearings a of two horizontal and parallel shafts C, C; D is a
driving shaft, to which a pinion E' is keyed. This pinion gears into a pair of
spur wheels F, F, keyed respectively to the parallel horizontal shafts. C, C, and
causes those shafts to rotate in the same direction, as indicated by the arrows
in Fig. 1. Each shaft C carries a compound roll, or a roll made of three
parts. The middle part or roll G is keyed firmly to its axle head, and the longi-
tudinal profile of these rolls is made to correspond inversely with that of the
axle or shaft to be rolled; for instance, the Drawing represents a machine for
rolling carriage axles, and as such axles gradually diminish in diameter from
their ends towards their centres, the rolls G are made with a corresponding
convex exterior. The complement of the rolls is made up by the parts G¹,G!,
which are placed two on each shaft and one at each end of each roll G.
These parts or sections G¹ are made of a form corresponding with that designed
to be given to the rolled axle or shaft near its ends. The compound rollers.
G, G', at their ends are enlarged, as shewn at b, and they are grooved
circumferentially to receive parallel bars H, H', the ends of which are
connected together, one bar H being above the shafts C, C, and the other

page_text: On these shafts
The shafts K, K,
bar H¹ below them, as shown in Fig. 1. K, K, are two parallel horizontal-
shafts, which rest in bearings J secured to the heads A, A.
the bars H, H', are fitted loosely and allowed to slide freely.
are surrounded by coiled springs L, the inner ends of which bear against the
bars H, H¹, while the outer ends bear against the bearings J of the shafts K.
The spiral springs L have a tendency to keep the end sections G¹ of the rolls
in contact with the sections G, in consequence of the connection of the bars
H, H', with the end sections G¹. The rolls, as shewn in Fig. 1, take the form
of a snail cam, the pressure on the bar or shaft to be formed being obtained
by this means, and the bar or shaft is retained in proper position between the
rolls by means of rests M, M', the former being fixed and the latter secured
in position by means of keys c, c, which pass horizontally through standards
N, N, into which arms formed on the upper part of M' are placed. The end
sections of the rolls are allowed to slide laterally on their shafts C, C, but are
made to turn with them in consequence of a feather on the shafts fitting in
grooves in the sections. The bar to be rolled is inserted between the rolls
through an opening f in one of the heads A, and the rolls in revolving fashion
or form it into an axle or shaft, the pressure, as before stated, being caused by
the advance of the increasing radius of the rollers. By having the rolls
arranged so as to slide on the shafts C, C, the device may be used for rolling
axles or shafts of a greater or less length, and the bearings of the shafts C
may be adjusted laterally to suit the thickness of the bar to be rolled.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improved Machinery
for Rolling Shafts and Axles," and explained the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited
Letters Patent I claim the rolling of shafts and axles by means of compound
excentric or snail cam rolls capable of expansion lengthwise and self-adjustable,
as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)