IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Unwin, of Sheffield, in the County of York,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
IRON."
Sealed the 9th February 1866, and dated the 25th September 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Unwin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
September 1865.
I, WILLIAM UNWIN, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF IRON," to be as follows:-
My Invention of "Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron," consists in
the introduction into the mass of pig iron when fused in the puddling furnace
of a mixture composed of the following ingredients in or about the following
proportions, that is to say, to about every four hundred and eighty pounds
weight of pig iron the proportions of four pounds weight of common salt, from
three to four pounds weight of black or peroxide of manganese, about three
ounces of prussiate of potass, and about two ounces of pure sulphate of baryta,
all which ingredients are to be pulverized and mixed together, and applied
and thrown into the puddling furnace in two or three parts at intervals so
soon as the iron is fused, so that the ingredients may be well worked into the
iron by the puddler with an ordinary puddler's bar until the iron is sufficiently
puddled for being drawn out of the furnace. I claim the use of common salt,

page_text: black or peroxide of manganese, in combination with sulphate of baryta and
prussiate of potass in the manufacture of iron in the manner aforesaid, but I
no not claim the use of common salt, black or peroxide of manganese, sulphate
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Unwin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
March 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
UNWIN, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant 'unto
him, the said William Unwin, Her special licence that he, the said William
Unwin, his executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as he, the
said William Unwin, his executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
ise, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON," upon the condition (amongst others) that
he, the said William Unwin, his executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under his, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Unwin, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention of "Improvements in the Manufacture of Iron," consists in
the introduction into the mass of pig iron when fused in the puddling furnace
of a mixture composed of the following ingredients in or about the following
proportions, that is to say, to about every four hundred and eighty pounds
weight of pig iron the proportions of two pounds weight of common salt, from

page_text: three to four pounds weight of black or peroxide of manganese, about one
ounce and a half of prussiate of potass, and about one ounce and a half of pure
sulphate of baryta, all which ingredients are to be pulverized and mixed
together, and applied and thrown into the puddling furnace at intervals in
two or three parts. The first part should be thrown in upon the surface of
the iron as soon as it is fused, and the other parts at short intervals after-
wards, care being taken that the ingredients be well worked into the iron by
the puddler with an ordinary puddler's bar or rabble until the iron is sufficiently
puddled for being drawn out of the furnace.
Having now described my Invention, I do not claim the use of the ingre-
dients above mentioned separately, but I claim the use of common salt, black
or peroxide of manganese, in combination with sulphate of baryta and
prussiate of potass when employed in the relative proportions above set forth,
or nearly in those proportions, in the manufacture of iron as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Unwin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
W. UNWIN. (L.S.)