Improvements in or relating to Water Supply: Pipes and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 7th Sept.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Supply: Pipes and
the like.
I, HARRY PAYNE CURTIS of Oadby in the County of Leicester, Licensed
Victualler, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to water supply pipes and the like and is designed
with the object of effecting such improvements in the construction thereof as will
prevent the freezing of the water or other liquids therein during frosty weather,
and thus obviate the danger and risk of the bursting of the pipes and the waste
and the inconvenience arising from the escape, of the contents of such pipes.
The essential feature of the present invention consists in surrounding the said
pipes with a stationary body or volume of air which may be effected by enclosing
the said service pipes in one or more outer or casing pipes of larger diameter and
then subsequently soldering or otherwise securely stopping up the ends or joints of
the pipes so that the air is imprisoned between the service pipes and the outer or
casing pipes.
In adapting the present invention to a house or domestic service supply, the
supply pipe connected to the water main may be enclosed by a larger diameter
casing pipe or pipes up to the ground level and the ends stopped so as to imprison
the air as before described.
A smaller casing pipe rising above the ground may be connected thereto within
which may
be screwed the supply pipe, sometimes termed the standard, the upper
end of which may be screwed or otherwise air-tightly connected to the casing pipe
in such a manner that a threaded portion of the said standard is preferably left
projecting, so that the tap or stop cock may be screwed or otherwise connected
thereto.
According to this latter form of construction, if by any chance the water in the
'standard' should have become frozen it is a simple matter to unscrew the tap and
take out the standard and remove the ice therefrom.
It is obvious that the structural details may be varied within considerable limits
without departing from the principle or main lines of the invention.
The invention is also applicable to pipes whether the liquid contained therein is
under pressure or otherwise.
Dated this 21st day of March 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Supply Pipes and
the like.
1, HARRY PAYNE CURTIS, of Oadby, in the County of Leicester, Liceused
Victualler, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and.ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
-
This invention has reference to water supply pipes and the like and is designed
with the object of effecting such improvements in connection therewith as will

page_text: prevent the freezing of the water or other liquids therein during frosty weather
and thus obviate the danger and risk of the bursting of the pipes and the waste
and the inconvenience arising from the escape, of the contents of such pipes.
The essential feature of the present invention consists in surrounding the said
pipes with a stationary body or volume of air which may be effected by enclosing
the said service pipes in one or more outer or casing pipes or devices of larger
diameter and then subsequently soldering or otherwise securely sealing or stopping
up the ends or joints of the pipes so that the air is imprisoned between the service
pipes and the outer or casing pipes.
For the purpose of enabling the invention to be clearly understood the following
further description is given and reference is made to the accompanying drawings
showing one form of the invention illustrated as applied to a house or domestic
service supply, the pipes being shown in Figure 1 in vertical section for clearness
sake.
Figure 2 is a transverse section on the line X, Y.
A represents the ordinary stop-cock or tap which is tightly screwed into the
elbow B² of a vertical pipe B hereinafter termed a standard, which may pass
underground and be connected to a pipe B' in communication with the main water
supply pipe in the well known manner.
This standard B, which in connection with the present invention is formed
preferably of iron, is enclosed within a casing pipe C which latter is also located
within a further pipe or tube of much larger diameter such as D so that a space E
is left between the said pipes and upon the space near the ends thereof being air-
tightly stopped with wood, metal or other material or filling devices For other
means, the air within the said spare E becomes imprisoned so that a stationary
body or volume of air is constantly maintained around the said water supply
pipes B B'.
In some cases in order to afford increased protection to that portion of the water
supply pipe underneath the ground represented by the line G a further casing tube
or chamber H may be employed or a single underground casing tube or pipe of
larger diameter than that above the ground may be used and attached directly to
the pipe C.
If in the event of a very prolonged frost the contents of the water supply pipe
should become frozen, the construction of the water supply pipe as illustrated in
the drawing renders it a comparatively easy task to get the water supply
restored.
This is effected by first, unscrewing the tap A from the elbow B2 of the
standard.
The upper part of the casing tube D is next removed by unscrewing it at D¹
where it is connected and forms a continuation of the tube D.
This leaves the elbow B and upper part of the standard or supply pipe B
exposed and projecting above the casing pipes C D which enables a workman to
unscrew it from its socket B³ and remove it.
Upon knocking the said pipe against the ground or probing the bore so as to
clear the ice therefrom the water will be permitted to pass freely through the same
and the tap.
The pipes and tap may be again placed in the operative positions by fixing the
same in the reverse of the order just described.
In most cases it will be found that if any stoppage of the water supply should
take place it will be due to the presence of ice within the standard B and it is
obvious that this pipe should be allowed to go down some distance into the ground,
so that in cases of the most severe and prolonged frosts, the stoppage if any will
always be located in the said standard and thus be easily capable of removal and
the water supply restored, in the manner hereinbefore described.
In the drawing it will be noticed that the casing pipes are made in short
sections, having both ends stopped, or sealed and adapted to be screwed the one
into the other.

page_text: While however this is a convenient form of construction it is obvious that the
casing pipes may be of any convenient greater lengths and the ends stopped or
sealed by any of the well known methods, and regulated according to the circum-
stances and conditions under which the water supply pipes are to be fixed.
cap
The upper part of the casing pipe may terminate in a removable screwed J
or it may have a fixed cap or integral end as desired.
Although the invention has been hereinbefore described more particularly in
reference to water supply pipes the said invention is equally applicable to all pipes,
tubes, or chambers for receiving and discharging liquids periodically or otherwise
or for storing same, where it is desired to provide against the destructive and
wasteful effects produced as the result of sudden or excessive pressure set up therein
by freezing.
In some cases the liquid supply pipe may be directly attached to the casing pipes
so that the air is confined around the former by inserting a stopping between or
sealing the space near the ends of the said two pipes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In pipes, tubes or chambers for receiving and discharging liquids or for
storing the same the use or employment of one or more casing devices of larger
diameter for maintaining a stationary body or volume of air surrounding the said
pipes, tubes or chambers for the purpose described.
2. The combination with water supply pipes and the like of one or more
supplementary pipes enclosing the same, formed in one or more sections and having
sealed ends and adapted to be connected to each other for the purpose described.
3. The combination with a stop cock or tap of a vertical or standard pipe
connected to the main liquid supply pipe and enclosed by one or more pipes of
larger diameter so as to confine a body of air around the said standard for the
purpose described.
4. The combination with a stop cock or tap and a liquid supply pipe of one or
more connected protective or casing pipes of larger diameter, one or more sections
of which can be detached to permit of the removal of the said supply pipe in the
manner and for the purpose described.
5. The improved construction and arrangement of water supply pipes and the
like substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 30th day of July 1895.
HARRY PAYNE CURTIS.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.