Improvements in and relating to Window Sashes, Parts of the said Improvements being also Applicable to Doors.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 17th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Window Sashes, Parts of the said
Improvements being also Applicable to Doors.
I, JAMES MAC NAUGHTON of 26 Hanover Street, Edinburgh, in the County of
Midlothian, Gunmaker, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention which relates to improvements in window sashes, parts of the said
improvements being also applicable to doors has partly for its object to enable the
sashes of ordinary two-sashed windows to be turned inwards for cleaning or other
purposes and to that end each sash is composed of two frames one situated within the
other and containing the glass whilst the outer frame slides in the ordinary window
casing. The outer and inner frames of the sashes are hinged or jointed together at
one side by pivots top and bottom and at the other side the inner sashes are furnished
with bolts taking into bolt holes in the outer frames or sashes. The inner frame of
the upper sash is smaller both as regards its height and breadth than the like frame
of the lower sash and its hinges or pivots are so situated that in opening, the inner
upper sash moves through an are of lesser radius than the inner lower sash.
The inner sashes are or may be rendered rain-tight by the insertion of strips of
india-rubber or the like between their upper and lower edges and the outer frames or
sashes and at the sides where the hinges or pivots are situated the edges of the inner
sashes or frames are preferably rounded the corresponding surfaces of the outer sashes
or frames being made concave to receive them.
The lower outer sash is rendered rain and draught tight by a metallic tube which is
inserted in a groove made along the lower edge of the sash the said tube being hung
loosely on a rod carried in brackets secured to the sides of the sash. When the sash
is closed the said tube rests on the window sill which by preference is stepped or
rebatted at the part where the tube bears upon it, the wood from the step being sloped
or bevelled downwards to the outside edge of the sill in order the more easily to allow
rain to flow off. The bearing edge of the sill is slightly inwards from the plane of
the rod on which the tube is hung so that when it comes in contact with the said edge
the tube is canted outwards and caused also to bear against the outer side of the
groove in the sash a double check against the ingress of rain or draughts at the lower
part of the sash being thus provided. The same arrangement may be duplicated at
the top of the upper sash if desired and with the like object the sides of both the
upper and lower outer sashes are or may be grooved and a tube inserted into each slot.
The tubes are carried upon vertical rods which at their ends are connected to the
outer extremities of levers these levers at their inner ends being centred on pins or
studs extending across the grooves the apparatus being so arranged that the tubes by
their own weight press outwards against their bearings in the window frame.
The arrangement described as applied to the bottom and top of the lower and upper
outer sashes is also applicable to doors as a draught stopper but in that case where the
bearing ledge for the tube is liable to be worn by traffic a series of washers or rings
substituted for the tube are strung on the rod these washers or rings having the holes
through them larger than the diameter of the rod.
In preparing to clean the window furnished as hereinbefore described the bolt or
bolts of the lower inner sash are withdrawn and the said inner sash is swung into the
apartment whilst the outer lower sash remains in its position in the window casing.
The upper sash is then drawn downwards until its inner frame comes opposite
the opening through the outer lower sash. The bolt of the inner frame of the upper
ash is then withdrawn and the said inner upper frame with the glass is swung into
he apartment through the opening in the lower outer sash frame and by this arrange-

page_text: ment both sides of the glass in each sash are presented for cleaning at the interior of
the room and without the necessity of going outside the window as is required
with sashes as ordinarily made.
Dated this Thind dor of Annil 1800
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street. Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Window Sashes, Parts of the said
Improvements being also Applicable to Doors.
I, JAMES MAC NAUGHTON of 26 Hanover Street, Edinburgh, in the County of
Mid-lothian, Gunmaker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-.
This Invention which relates to improvements in window sashes parts of the said
improvements being also applicable to doors has partly for its object to enable the
sashes of ordinary two sashed windows to be turned inwards for cleaning or other
purposes.
The improvements are illustrated on the accompanying drawings of which figure 1
is a front elevation figure 2 a vertical cross section and figure 3 a norizontal section of
the invention showing the window sashes closed whilst figures 4, 5 and 6 are corre-
sponding views shewing the sashes open. As seen by these drawings each sash is
composed of two frames a, b, the frame a being situated within the frame 6 and con-
taining the glass whilst the outer frame slides in the ordinary window casing c. The
outer and inner frames of the sashes are hinged or jointed together at a top and
bottom and at the side opposite the hinges the inner sashes a are furnished with bolts e
taking into bolt holes in the outer frames or sashes b. The inner frame a of the
upper sash is smaller both as regards its height and breadth than the like frame of the
lower sash to enable it to pass through the frame b of the said sash and its binges d
are so situated that in opening, the inner upper sash moves as seen more particularly
at figure 6 through an arc of lesser radius than the inner lower sash.
The lower inner sash a is rendered rain and draught tight by a metallic tube f
which as more particularly seen at figure 7 is inserted in a groove g made along the
lower edge of the sash the said tube being hung loosely on a rod h carried in brackets i
secured to the sides of the sash. When the sash is closed the said tube rests on the
outer sash which by preference is stepped or rebatted at the part k where the tube
bears upon it, the wood from the step being sloped or bevelled downwards to the out-
side edge in order the more easily to allow rain to flow off. The bearing edge k, of
the outer sash is slightly inwards from the plane of the rod on which the tube f is
hung so that when the tube comes in contact with the said edge it is canted outwards
and caused also to bear against the outer side of the groove ga double check against
the ingress of rain or draughts at the lower part of the sash being thus provided.
The same arrangement may be duplicated at the top of the upper inner sash the tube f
in that case being hung in a groove in the outer sash and besides being adapted to
the inner frames of the sashes it may be adapted to the outer frames b. As a further
preventative strips of india rubber or the like may be inserted between the upper and
lower edges of the inner frames and the outer frames.
The arrangement described as applied to the bottom and top of the lower and upper
sashes is also applicable to doors as a draught stopper but in that case as illustrated
by figures 8 and 9 of the drawings where the bearing ledge k for the tube is liable to
be worn by traffic a series of washers or rings f substituted for the tube are strung
on the rod h these washers or rings having the holes through them larger than the
diameter of the rod so that they can individually accomodate themselves to
inequalities of the bearing ledge k.
In preparing to clean the window furnished as herein before described the bolt or
bolts e of the lower inner sash a is or are withdrawn and the said inner sash is swung

page_text: into the apartment whilst the outer lower sash remains in its position in the window
casing. The upper sash is then drawn downwards until its inner frame comes opposite
the opening through the outer lower sash. The bolt or bolts e, of the inner frame of
the upper sash is or are then withdrawn and the said inner upper frame with the glass
is swung into the apartment through the opening in the lower outer sash frame and by
this arrangement both sides of the glass, in each sash are presented for cleaning at
the interior of the room and without the necessity of going outside the window as is
required with sashes as ordinarily made.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. A sash for windows constructed substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the drawings annexed.
2. In a double sashed window an upper and lower sash each composed of two frames
hinged or jointed together the upper inner frame being smaller than and capable of
passing through the opening of the lower outer frame substantially as and for the
purpose herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. A rain or draught stopper for windows constructed substantially as described
with reference to figure 7 of the appended drawings.
4. A draught stopper for doors constructed substantially as set forth with reference
to figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Fifteenth day of October 1889
TAD
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.