Improvements in or connected with Steam Generators, and Feed Water Heaters therefor.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 22nd May, 1997
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Steam Generators, and Feed
Water Heaters therefor.
I, LOUIS MARIE GABRIEL DELAUNAY-BELLEVILLE, of 40 ter Rue de Douai, Paris,
in the Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists in the combination with steam generators of a novel feed-
water heater, or economiser, which is in two parts, or sets one of which is placed
above the steam-generating chambers (or tubes) while the other is arranged at the
side, in the rear or above the boilers in a descending or ascending smoke flue,
conduit or channel, there being, interposed between the two parts or sets of the
"economiser" a second or supplementary gas-combustion chamber.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I represent in the accom-
panying drawings constructions according to my invention from which its nature
and the manner in which it can be performed to meet varying requirements will.
be readily understood.
Figures 1 to 4 represent a group of boilers provided with an economiser constructed.
in accordance with my invention.
Figure 1 being an elevation of the group, the left half of the figure being in
elevation, and the right-hand part in longitudinal section the section being taken on
the line A B, Figure 3.
Figure 2 is a plan partly in horizontal section on the line CD, Figure 1, and
partly in horizontal section on the line E F, Figure 1 the steam-producing tubes not
being shewn in this figure.
Figures 3 and 4 are transverse sections upon the lines G H, and I J, Figure 1
respectively.
Figures 5 to 8 illustrate a modified construction, Figures 5 and 6 being,
respectively, a longitudinal section on the line K L, Figure 7, and a longitudinal
elevation; and Figures 7 and 8 being transverse sections on the lines M N and O P,
Figure 5, respectively.
Figures 9 to 11 represent a further modification, Figure 9 being partly a longi-
tudinal elevation, and partly a longitudinal section on the line Q, R. Figure 11;
Figure 10 is a horizontal section on the line S T, Figure 9; and Figure 11 is a
transverse section on the line U V, Figure 9.
In all these figures the barbed arrows indicate the course of the combustion gases,
and the barbless or plain arrows indicate the direction in which the feed water
circulates.
1, 1, 2, 2 are the steam generating chambers of the boilers; 3, 3, 4, 4, are the
chambers of the economisers, placed above the boilers, there being one economiser for
each boiler.
5, 5, 6, 6, designate the additional combustion chambers interposed between the
steam producing chambers 1, 2, and the economiser chambers 3, 4; 7, 8 are the
economiser chambers placed beside and between or above the boilers. They are
within compartments situated beside, below or above the smoke flue leading to the
chimney. The chamber 7 serves as one common economiser for all the boilers at the
same side, with itself, while the chamber 8 is an economiser common to the boilers on
the other side.

page_text: 9, 10, are smoke flues forming an additional combustion chamber between the
economisers 3 and 7 and 4 and 8 respectively.
11, and 12 are smoke flues next in order to the economisers 7 and 8 ; the cleaning
of which smoke flues is effected by means of the doors 13 and 14.
15, 15 are smoke-flues leading to the chimney; and 16, 17 are the boiler furnaces,
having charging doors 18, 18 and ash-pit doors 19, 19.
The feed water enters each boiler front through a pipe 20 which conducts it into
the lower collector 21 of one of the common economisers, say 7. The water runs
through the chambers of such economiser and passes onto its upper collector 22,
whence it issues through the pipe 23, which passes to the right and left. From the
pipe 23 the pipes 24, 24, branch off and these conduct the water to the feed water
regulators 25, 25 of the boilers. In the case of each boiler, the pipe 26 conveys.
the feed-water from the self-controlling feed regulator 25 to the corresponding
economiser 3; the water traversing the pipes of such economiser vertically, either in
the upward or in the downward direction; or horizontally; or, both vertically and
horizontally, in alternate succession; and issues through the pipe 27, which conducts
it to the feeding injector 28, placed upon the purifying collector 29; through which
injector the water enters the boiler proper.
"If the vertical space available be insufficient to admit more than one of the
economisers 3 and 4 to be situated on either side one only is used namely the one that
is nearest to the smoke-flue, the gases from the terminal boilers being brought down
below the economiser which is retained, say 3.
This economiser 3, moreover, will in that case receive, through the pipe 23 direct, the
water which is leaving the economiser 7; and the pipes 24, 24 will then conduct the
water from the economiser 3 to the feed-water regulators of the boilers placed on
the same side as this economiser; the pipes 26, 26 will be dispensed with; while
the pipes 27, 27, will lead from the feed-regulators to the injectors direct.
My invention affords the following advantages.
(1.) In the event of scarcity of available space in the direction of height, provided
there is sufficient space in the horizontal plane, the number of tubes in the economiser
of each boiler may be reduced, while the economisers may be made to retain a
sufficient heating surface by connecting them with the economiser placed beside, or in
the rear of, the boilers, or within the vertical smoke flue forming the base of the
chimney.
(2.) Where ample space is available both vertically and horizontally,-
,-so that the
necessity of reducing the number of tubes of the economiser of each boiler is avoided,
the heating surface will, in consequence, be materially enlarged.
(3.) Where combustion is conducted on a large scale-say at the rate of from 150
to 200 kilogrammes per hour and per square metre of grate-and where the fuel used
is soft coal and the gases may not be entirely consumed when they have passed into
the economisers placed above the boilers, and where want of space, in height has
narrowed down the re-heating surface of these last mentioned economisers, the second
or additional combustion chamber will prove very serviceable in completing the
combustion..
(4.) Owing to the furnaces being charged periodically, fluctuations occur in the
activity of the combustion and more particularly, in the volume of the gases arising
from the furnace; whence there result changes in the temperature of those gases
which have passed beyond the economisers situated above the boilers. The economiser
situated within the smoke-flue being common to several boilers, enables any surplus
heat which the gases may still retain on leaving the first feed-water economisers, to be
utilized.
(5.) The feed water obtains its preliminary heating from those gases which are least
heated, and in its progress through the first economiser as well as during its passage
hence into the succeeding economiser it gradually is heated by more and more. highly
heated gases; which arrangement is calculated greatly to assist the progress of
absorption of the heat of the gases by the water.
(6.) Altogether, by reason of the wide heating surface wherewith the economiser

page_text: situated within the smoke-flue at the foot of the chimney may be provided, whether
or not it be common to a number of boilers, that economiser first receives feed-water
at the lowest temperature and absorbs the heat from the gases in a more complete.
manner than the economiser placed above the boiler could do alone.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The arrangements hereinabove described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, comprising two parts or sets of feed-water heating or economiser chambers
(common or not to a number of boilers) one part or set placed above the steam-
generating chamber while the other is arranged at the side, in the rear, or above the
boilers in a descending or ascending smoke flue, conduit or channel there being a.
second or supplementary gas combustion chamber interposed between the two parts or
sets of economisers substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
Dated this 19th day of January 1897.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents..