The Utilisation of Bye and Waste Products from Iron and Steel Industries for the Manufacture of Improved Precipitants for the Purification of Sewage and other Waste Liquids.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Applicat on, 17th Mr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th Dec., 189-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
The Utilisation of Bye and Waste Products from Iron and Steel
Industries for the Manufacture of Improved Precipitants for the
Purification of Sewage and other Waste Liquids.
We, WALTER ERNEST ADENEY, Curator, Royal University of Ireland, Dublin, of
1 Eaton Place, Monkstown, Dublin, and WILLIAM KAYE PARRY, M.A. C.E. and
Architect, of 6 Charlemont Terrace, Kingstown, Dublin, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention we employ flue dusts, obtained in the manufacture
of iron ferro-manganese, and steel, and such slags, from the same industries, which
do not contain large quantities of calcium, for the manufacture of improved
precipitating agents for the purification of sewage and other waste liquids.
The flue dust, is digested at a gentle heat with sulphuric acid, or with hydro-
chloric acid, in just sufficient quantity to extract completely, and to convert into
soluble sulphates or chlorides, the chief basic substances therefrom, riz., manganese,
magnesium, iron and aluminium, and those also which may be present in smaller
quantities, viz., nickel, cobalt, zinc and calcium.
By this treatment the said basic substances present are converted into sulphates
or chlorides, soluble in water, and when the treatment is complete, the mass may
be dried and applied to sewage or other waste liquors, in the ways ordinarily
employed for the precipitation of such liquids. Or water may be added to the
treated mass, and the solution of sulphates or chlorides formed may be separated
from the insoluble silica by filter-pressing, or other suitable means, and the solution
obtained may be employed for mixing in suitable quantity with sewage, or other
waste liquids for the purpose of precipitation.
Besides treating the flue dust with sulphuric acid or with hydrochloric acid, it
may be fused with bisulphate of soda, for the purpose of converting the hereinabove
mentioned basic substances into sulphates soluble in water.
The advantages obtained in this use of flue dusts are:-
(1) Being in the form of very fine powders they do not require crushing and
powdering before treatment with acid.
(2) Flue dusts contain little or no lime, or any other substance, which would
cause a waste of acid, when being treated with sulphuric acid, for conversion into
precipitants.
For these two reasons flue dusts constitute a very economical source for the
production of precipitants.
They are also superior for the following further considerations:
(3) They are extremely easily attacked by either sulphuric or hydrochloric acid,
and require only a gentle heat to ensue complete decomposition.
(4) Flue dusts on treatment with acid give off no obnoxious gases or fumes.
(5) Precipitants prepared from flue dusts contain manganese or magnesium, or
both together, in larger proportion than alumina. Inasmuch as alumina retards the
completion of purification, after clarification or precipitation of sewage, and manganese
and magnesium do not, but rather encourage it, precipitants prepared from flue dusts
are of high efficiency on scientific as well as on economic grounds.
Dated this Fourteenth day of March 1896.
W. E. ADENEY.
W. KAYE PARRY.

page_text: The Utilisation of Bye and Waste Products from Iron and Steel
Industries for the Manufacture of Improved Precipitants for the
Purification of Sewage and other Waste Liquids.
We, WALTER ERNEST ADENEY, Curator, Royal University of Ireland, Dublin,
of 1 Eaton Place Monkstown, Dublin, and WILLIAM KAYE PARRY M.A., C.E. and
Architect, of 6 Charlemont Terrace Kingstown, Dublin, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to this invention we employ flue dusts, obtained in the manufacture of
iron ferro-manganese and steel, for the manufacture of improved precipitating agents
for the purification of sewage and other waste liquids.
The flue dust, is digested at a gentle heat with sulphuric acid, or with hydrochloric
acid in just sufficient quantity to extract completely, and to convert into soluble
sulphates or chlorides the chief basic substances therefrom, viz.-manganese,
magnesium, iron and aluminium, and those also which may be present in smaller
quantities, viz., nickel, cobalt, zinc and calcium.
By this treatment the said basic substances present are converted into sulphates
or chlorides, soluble in water, and when the treatment is complete, the mass may be
dried and applied to sewage or other waste liquors, in the ways ordinarily employed
for the precipitation of such liquids. Or water may be added to the treated mass,
and the solution of sulphates or chlorides formed may be separated from the
insoluble silica by filter pressing, or other suitable means, and the solution obtained
may be employed for mixing in suitable quantity with sewage, or other waste liquids
for the purpose of precipitation.
Besides treating the flue dust with sulphuric acid or with hydrochloric acid, it may
be fused with bisulphate of soda, for the purpose of converting the hereinabove
mentioned basic substances into sulphates soluble in water.
The advantages obtained in this use of flue dusts are:-
(1) Being in the form of very fine powders they do not require crushing and
powdering before treatment with acid.
(2) Flue dusts contain little or no lime, or any other substance, which would
cause a waste of acid, when being treated with sulphuric acid, for conversion into
precipitants.
For these two reasons flue dusts constitute a very economical source for the
production of precipitants.
They are also superior for the following further considerations.
(3) They are extremely easily attacked by either sulphuric or hydrochloric acid,
and require only a gentle heat to ensure complete decomposition.
(4) Flue dusts on treatment with acid give off no obnoxious gases or fumes.
(5) Precipitants prepared from flue dusts contain manganese, or magnesium, or
both together, in larger proportion than alumina. Inasmuch as alumina retards the
completion of purification, after clarification or precipitation of sewage and manganese
and magnesium do not but rather encourage it, precipitants prepared from flue dusts
are of high efficiency on scientific as well as on economic grounds.
We have also found that very valuable sewage precipitants may be made by
mixing, without previous treatment with acids as hereinabove described, manganiferous
flue dusts, which contain higher oxides of manganese in the free state, such for
example as the flue dust obtained froin ferro-manganese furnaces, with crude sulphates
or chlorides of iron in about equal proportions.
When such mixtures are added to crude sewage for purpose of clarification, the
sludges obtained are intimately mixed with the higher oxides of manganese originally

page_text: present in the flue dust employed for the preparation of the mixture, and these
higher oxides prevent putrifaction in the said sludge during the process of. air-drying
them.
We bave described and explained the action of the higher oxides of manganese,
when mixed with wet sewage sludge, in our Specification No. 21635.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The utilization substantially as described of flue dusts produced in the
manufacture of iron, ferro-manganese, and steel, in the manufacture of improved
precipitants for the purification of sewage and other waste liquids.
2. The precipitation of impurities from sewage or foul waters by the addition
thereto of precipitating agents obtained by the action of acids or acid bodies upon
flue dusts produced in the manufacture of iron, ferro-nianganese and steel.
3. Precipitating agents obtained from flue dusts produced in the manufacture of
iron, ferro-manganese and steel by treating the said flue dusts with acids or acid
bodies in just sufficient quantity to render soluble the chief basic substances which the
flue dusts contain.
4. Precipitating agents obtained from flue dusts produced in the manufacture of
iron ferro-manganese and steel by treating the said flue dusts with acids or acid bodies
and afterwards drying the mass.
5. Precipitating agents obtained from flue dusts produced in the manufacture
of iron, ferro-manganese and steel by firing the said Aue dusts with bisulphate of
soda.
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of November 1896.
W. E. ADENEY,
W. KAYE PARRY.