IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER MOULDED ARTICLES FROM CLAY OR OTHER SUITABLE MATERIALS.
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Large, of Berners Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR MAKING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER MOULDED ARTICLES FROM
CLAY OR OTHER SUITABLE MATERIALS.'
"
Sealed the 21st November 1871, and dated the 28th June 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Large at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1871.
I, HENRY LARGE, of Berners Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER MOULDED
ARTICLES FROM CLAY OR OTHER SUITABLE MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
-
This. Invention relates to certain improvements upon an improved
machine for making bricks, for which I obtained Letters Patent dated
27th June 1868, No. 2073, and has for its object to render the said
machine to a very great extent self-acting, and to improve the con-

page_text: struction and arrangement of several of the parts so as to facilitate their
operation.
In the improved machine the piston for pressing the clay or other
substance in the mould, and also the piston or plunger for discharging
the moulded article therefrom, are both connected to a rocking lever on
the same side of the centre of motion on which the lever rocks, so that
both of these pistons will rise and fall together the requisite distance to
effect the desired object of pressing and discharging the moulded article
from the mould simultaneously. When both the pistons or plungers
have risen clear of the moulds the lower end of a reciprocating or
vibrating lever actuated by a bowle or pin on one of the arms of the
main driving wheel is brought against the side of the first mould and
is made to push all the moulds sideways so as to bring the freshly filled
mould under the pressing plunger and a mould containing a pressed
brick under the discharging plunger. These two plungers then descend
and effect the desired objects of pressing and discharging the articles;
then upon the second ascent of the plungers clear of the moulds the
latter will be pushed sideways again so as to bring another mould under
the pressing piston and the empty mould opposite to a reciprocating
pusher bar which will push the empty mould out of the line and on to
another part of the table where it may be filled by the attendant.
For the convenience of filling the moulds 6, 8, or more moulds may
be used with one machine, but in practice only four are in use at the
same time in the machine. If desired the working table on which the
moulds are placed may be lengthened, so that the empty ones may be
pushed forward in a direct line and subsequently drawn out of the line
by the attendant. The reciprocating pushing bar may then be dis-
pensed with, but I prefer to use it for the purpose and in the manner
set forth.
As all the operations, with the exception of placing the filled moulds
in the machine are automatic, the machine may be driven by power..
It is advisable that the lower end of the discharging plunger should
be provided with a wooden foot instead of forming the foot of metal.
The object of this improvement is that in the event of the foot in its
descent coming accidentally against the side of the mould the wooden
part would give way and would not damage, derange, or break any of
the mechanism, and the wooden part might be repaired or replaced by a
new one for a few pence.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Henry Large in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th December 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
LARGE, of Berners Street, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, send
grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,. by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Large, Her special licence
that I, the said Henry Large, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Henry Large, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING
BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER MOULDED ARTICLES FROM CLAY OR OTHER PLASTIC
MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry
Large, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Large, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thercon (that is to
say):
This Invention relates to certain improvements upon a machine for
11
T
T
Into

page_text: seventh June, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, No. 2073.
The present Invention has for its object to render the said machine to a
very great extent self-acting, and to improve the construction and
arrangement of several of the parts so as to facilitate their operation.
Fig. 1, Sheet I., of the accompanying Drawings is a front elevation of
the improved machine; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same; and
Fig. 3, Sheet II., is a plan view.
The improved machine is intended, like the former one, to be used
for pressing or moulding bricks from clay or concrete, and its operative
parts consist mainly of a pair of plungers, one to press the material in
the mould and the other to discharge the newly formed article from the
mould. In addition to these parts there are special devices for moving
the moulds along the table of the machine for the purpose of bringing
them in succession under the action of the plunger, and thus rendering
the machine almost automatic.
In the improved machine the piston 6 for pressing the clay or other
substance in the mould, and also the piston or plunger c for discharging
the moulded article therefrom, are both connected to a vibrating lever a
on the same side of its centre of motion a¹, so that both of these pistons
will rise and fall together the requisite distance to effect the desired
object of pressing and discharging the moulded article from the mould
simultaneously. The pressing piston or plunger bis adapted to the
lower end of the rising and falling block b', which works up and down
in guides as in the former machine, and is actuated by an eccentric on
the shaft f When both the pistons or plungers b and c have risen
clear of the moulds the lower end of the reciprocating or vibrating
lever d is brought against the side of the first mould 1 and is made to
push all the moulds sideways on the table, so as to bring the freshly
filled mould 1 under the pressing plunger b, and the mould 3 containing
a pressed brick will by the same movement be brought under the dis-
charging plunger c. The lever d is mounted on one end of a shaft
which carries at its opposite end another lever d*, which is actuated by
a bowle or pin d¹ on one of the arms of the toothed wheel e, so that
as the latter rotates the bowle d' will come against the lever d*,
and
thus bring the end of the lever d against the moulds, as already
explained. When the moulds have been pushed forward into their
places the two plungers b and c will descend again and effect the desired
objects of pressing the clay-in one mould and discharging the pressed

page_text: article from another mould on to a "palm" c' which receives the brick.
This palm c¹ is counterbalanced by a weight c³ which, when the brick in
the mould has been removed, will bring the palm back to receive the
next brick; or an endless band or bands may be caused to pass immc-
diately below the opening in the table to receive the brick from the
palm c¹ and carry it out of the machine. Upon the second ascent of
the plungers b and c clear of their moulds the latter will be again pushed
sideways by the vibrating lever d so as to bring another mould under the
pressing piston b, and at the same time will bring the empty mould 4
into the position of the mould 5, as shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 1,
and opposite to a reciprocating pusher bar e¹, which will push the empty
mould 5 out of the line and on to another part of the table, where it may
remain until its turn comes to be again filled by the attendant. For
the convenience of filling the moulds six, eight, or more moulds may be
used with one machine, but in practice only six are in use at the same
time in the machine, that is to say, a mould which has just been filled
will be placed in the position of the mould 1 ready to be pushed forward
into the position of the mould 2 under the pressing plunger b. A third
mould which was pressed at the former descent of the plunger b will
have been pushed forward into the position of the mould 3 ready at the
next lateral motion of the moulds to be brought under the discharging
plunger c in the position of the mould 4. At the next lateral motion
of the moulds the mould 4 which has just been emptied will be pushed
opposite the pusher bar e¹, which works in guides and is actuated by the
vibrating lever g, shewn by dots in Figures 2 and 3. One end of this
lever works in a slot in the pusher bar e¹ and the other in a recipro-
cating bar provided at one end with a pin h¹ which works in a groove
in the cam i at the back of the toothed wheel e. If desired the working
table on which the moulds are placed may be lengthened so that the
empty ones may be pushed forward in a direct line and subsequently
drawn out of the line by the attendant.
In order to reduce the friction as much as possible a number of anti-
friction rollers are let into the face of the table, as shewn best in the
plan view Fig. 3, Sheet II.
The reciprocating pushing bar e' may in some cases be dispensed with,
but I prefer to use it for the purpose and in the manner set forth. As
all the operations of the machine are automatic, with the exception of
placing the newly filled moulds in the machine in the position occupied

page_text: by the mould 1, the machine may. be driven by power or it may be
driven by hand, like the machine described in the Specification of my
'former Patent.
It is advisable that the lower end of the discharging plunger c should
be provided with a wooden foot, as shown in the Drawing, instead of
forming the foot of metal. The object of this improvement is that in
the event of the foot in its descent coming accidentally against the side
of the mould the wooden part would give way and would not damage,
derange, or break any of the mechanism, and the wooden foot might be
repaired or replaced by a new one for a few pence. It is also important
that the lower end of the vibrating lever & should be provided with an
anti friction roller, as shewn at d¹.
Articles made of clay, mortar, concrete, cement, small coal, peat, and
other analogous substances capable of being moulded may be made in
this machine.
Figures 4 and 5 shew in plan and sectional views moulds suitable for
flat tiles furnished with a platten and indicator as usual. It is
obvious that the shape of the moulds may be varied according to the
description of article, (bricks, tiles, or mouldings) it is intended to
produce.
Having now described the Invention of "Improvements in Machinery
for Making Bricks, Tiles, and other Moulded Articles from Clay or other
Plastic Materials," and explained the manner of carrying the same into
effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as
aforesaid, the general arrangement and combination of parts for working
the plungers and moving the moulds automatically, as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Large, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.