AN APPARATUS FOR. PRODUCING SEVERAL ORIGINAL WRITINGS OR DRAWINGS AT ONE AND THE SAME CALL A PENNEPOLYGRAPH OR PEN AND STYLOGRAPHIC MANIFOLD WRITER
Year: 1808

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RALPH
WEDGWOOD, of Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-second day of
February, in the forty-eighth year of His reign, give and grant unto me,
the said Ralph Wedgwood, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, His special
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Ralph
Wedgwood, my exors, adiiors, and assigns, and every of them, should and
lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and vend, within that part of His
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His Dominion
of Wales, Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in all His Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention, being "AN APPARATUS FOR.
PRODUCING SEVERAL ORIGINAL WRITINGS OR DRAWINGS AT ONE AND THE SAME
CALL A PENNEPOLYGRAPH OR PEN AND STYLOGRAPHIC MANIFOLD
WRITER," for the term of fourteen years therein expressed; in which said
Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if I, the said, Ralph Wedg-
wood, should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing, and cause the same to be inrolled in the High Court of Chancery
within one calendar month next and immediately after the date thereof, that
the said Letters Patent should be void, reference to the said Letters Patent
being had, will more fully appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of and compliance with the said proviso,
1, the said Ralph Wedgwood, do hereby declare that my said Invention is
particularly delineated, described, and ascertained by the Drawings, writings,
and sections thereof, hereunto annexed, and by the letters, figures, writings,
and descriptions thereon respectively marked, and the further descriptions
thereof following, that is to say :-
The principal of my Invention, which I call a pennopolygraph, or pen and
stylographic manifold writer, consists in so disposing of two or more sheets
of paper or other writing materials so as that they may be written upon at
once with double-pointed pens, such as those described by Figures 2, 12,
and 13, in the Plans annexed, with their explanations, or with two pens or
styles so combined as to be held in the hand as a pen is commonly held, that
is, without being in any way connected with machinery. The manner of
combining the pens, which in that case I call a penn'd duplex, is repre-
sented by the said Figures 2, 12, and 13, or they may be combined in any
other manner as is most convenient to the writer. The principle of the
pennepolygraph admits of various modes of application. If it be required
that both the papers to be written upon should be in the usual form, these
papers or other writing materials are connected by machinery, as by Figure 6
in the Plans annexed, with their explanations; but if the usual form of one
of the papers, namely, that intended for receiving the office fac simile, or
that which is to be preserved as a copy by the writer, can be dispensed with,
I then use what I call linear copying paper, which consists of paper cut out
or pierced, as by the Figure 14 in the Plans annexed, and their explanations.
It may be pierced thus, or in any other form as may be most convenient.
When it is desired to make a fac simile of a writing upon the linear paper,
I lay underneath a leaf of the linear paper a sheet of writing paper, then
with the points of the penn'd duplex so adjusted as that when held in the
hand with a proper inclination for writing they will touch paralel parts, the
one of a bar of the linear paper and the other that portion of the writing
paper appearing through the pierced spaces of the lincar paper, then pro-
ceeding to write as one point of the penn'd duplex is thus brought into
contact with the linear paper, and the other with the writing paper under-
neath the linear paper. When the penn'd duplex (it being first fed with ink)
is moved in the act of writing, the two points thereof moving in parallel direc-
tions, they necessarily produce two exact fac similes, the one upon the linear
paper and the other upon the spaces of the sheet of writing paper seen
through the pierced spaces of the linear paper. In order more conveniently
to write upon the bars of the linear paper, 1 lay upon it, and underneath the

page_text: hand, a leaf of card paper, press board, or any other flat substance which may
serve to keep the bars motionless and flat to the paper underneath, or I
confine to the edge of a leaf of it a heavy clamp, in the form of Figure 3 in
the Plans annexed, with the explanations therewith, excepting the pins d, d,
which in this case are not wanted. By a gentle pressure of the clamp the linear
paper will be regularly stretched over the writing paper; any other means
to keep the papers in contact may be used, according to the wish of the writer.
If it be desired to write upon two skins of parchment, or a skin of parchment
and a sheet of paper, I then use the machine described by Figure 9 in the Plans
annexed, with the explanations. Each piece of the parchment or paper to
be used with this machine I cause to be made into a cylindric form by
having the top and the bottom thereof joined together, either by paste or any
other means. Within the cylindric sheet I first put the straining board No. 8,
in the Plans annexed with their explanations, with its roller d properly fixed
in its place. The parchment, paper, or other writing materials being thus fixed
upon the straining frame, they, with the straining frame, are to be placed
into the grove or rabbit of the frame 9, 9, 9, 9, in Figure 9. After this I
place the weights d, d, as more particularly described by Figure 9 in the
Plans annexed and their explanations. I then apply one point of the penn'd
duplex to the paper on frame at a, x, the other on the paper on the frame
at a, z, as represented at h in said Figure 9, and proceeding to write, the two
points of the pens, thus moving at once on two separate pieces of parchment,
paper, or any other writing materials thus arranged, give two exact fac similes.
When one pair of lines is finished, by turning the bandle the lines written
will pass the one downwards through the space betwixt the edges of tho
straining frame at b, b, and the other upwards, so as thereby to keep one copy
of the writing always in view. To keep the lines at any given distance, if
desired, wheels and spring catches may be annexed to one of the pullies.
If it be desired to produce two fac similes in this mode on two sheets of
paper, but with an apparatus which will admit of going into the pocket, I
then use the machinery described by Figure 11 in the Plans annexed, with
their explanations. Upon the plate h, annexed to the rack g, I fasten a sheet
of paper, by pressing thereon in those parts where there is wax; this may be
done either with the end of the nail or the round edge of any hard substance;
a sheet of cylindric paper is then passed upon the straining frame a of
Figure 11, after which I extend the cylindric sheet by turning the handle
of the pinion wheel O of the said Figure 11; and when the paper is perfectly
tight upon the frame I put the frame upon the rack g, so that the edge of
the straining frame i, r, leaves room for one line to be written by oną point

page_text: of the penn'd duplex upon the paper fastened to the plate thus annexed to
the rack. Over the paper on the straining frame I lay the rest, in the
situation marked in the said Figure 11; then vith one point of the penn'd
duplex placed upon the paper thus fixed to the rack, and the other point
placed upon the paper stretched upon the straining frame, I proceed to write,
and the points of the pen moving in paralel directions give two fac similes,
one on the paper on the rack and another on that on the frame.
The ink pot which I use is particularly adapted to feed both pens at once,
and to keep the ink in good condition so as to cause both pens to write as
much as possible equally alike. This is described by Figure 15 in the Plans
annexed with the explanations thereto.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ralph Wedgwood, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of March, in tho forty-eighth
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
King, Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and eight.

page_text: these are so constructed that the edges b.v. of figure I may be of any
distance from each other so that the two papers stained thereonl
may be conveniently written upon with the penna-duplex- the one
point touching the paper & on the straining fame a x and the other
that on the training frame a.z. to keep the papers to evenly stutch'd
upon the pames a. z. V a.z. the two weights d. d. are laid one on the
inside of each Cylindric paper in the position described in Figure I at
d.d..
Represents the penna-duplex as apply'd in the act of writing on the
paper upon the staining frames.
Is a string, which connects the pullies k. k.
are two pullies fix'd to the left side of the stand with square holes
through the middle of their pivots of such dimentions as to admit
the insertion of the square ended key l.
So a key whose square end passing through the square holes form'de
in the pivots of the pulleys into the square sockets of the rollers c.c., is
thereby placed in a situation to give immediate motion to whichever
of the Rollers it is thus connected with, and that motion is communi-
cated to the other Roller by the string passing over the pullies of both
rollers and the papers or other writing materials being strained
upon such Rollers receive in
of any motion given, to
them a reciprocally even motion round the straining frames
consequence
presenting plain proportionate spaces of paper for writing
repone at the eyes of the staining from
of the shuining furmur at b.b.
olled drawing is not colored.
Drawn on Stone by Malby & S

page_text: order to receive one fac similie, that edge of the frame mark'd i. a. is made
not more than 1/20 10 1/6 Inch thick and the sharp edges taken off or
edge is made perfectly round.
the
are two side pieces of Brass or other metal the end i i is from 1/16 10 1/8
inch high and the end k.k. is from 1/4 to 1/4 Inch high.
Is a tooth'd roller tund by the handle. d. which is fitted upon a squares
continuation of the spindle at the left end thereof, on this except that part of
it where the tooth'd wheel works, is spread a thin coat. of Bees wax or
other adhesive substance spread over or it may be made
Roller may
howe
any
rough or file fashion.
is a small pinion wheel which works in the left end of the tooth'd
roller c and into the rack g.
each
0
the
Is a thin metal bar on which the rack g. is fasten'd and on
end of which on the upper side is a little bees wax spread thinly for
holding of the sheets of paper so as to cause it to pass through the
shaining frame when the rack 9. is put in connection with the pinioned.
wheel e. which pinioned wheel is fixed to the brass sides 6.b. and works
also in the toothed roller c.
n. are two racks which are poldered or otherwise fix'd to the brass sides by
formed in the manner of a dovetail which are more par-
a
sliding grove
ticularly described by the section q.
are too small holes to receive the spindle l.l. they
are
of different sizes