Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Wall Hangings and the like, and in Machinery for use in said Manufacture.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan:, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL, DIECIFICATION,
Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Wall Hangings and the
like, and in Machinery for use in said Manufacture.
3-n
I SAMUEL FISHER of Milkwook Road Herne Hill in the County of Surrey, Paper
Hanging Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
"
This invention consists in certain improvements in the manufacture of embossed
or plain paper or fabric or material suitable for wall or ceiling covering and similar
uses, and in machinery for such purpose.
The object of the improved machinery is to combine in one machine or apparatus
in an efficient manner the necessary parts for preparing the material, painting or
printing the same and embossing if desired, so that a finished product of the nature
hereinafter described may issue from the machine. In preparing paper or fabric for
the machine I prefer to take linen, canvas or calico and strong brown or coarse paper
and having passed them through a bath of strong size to saturate them, I then fasten
them together by strong flour or glue paste (say two parts of the foriner to one part
of the latter).
"
When nearly dry the material is passed through a calendering press to ensure
perfect adhesion and smooth surface. It is then saturated with oxydized oil by
ineans of the machinery described to make it thoroughly waterproof and to produce
a soft and leather like feel and appearance. After the material is thus prepared it is
rolled upon a beam and passed again through the machine as many times as may be
necessary and coated profusely with oxidized oil and the requisite colour, and, it is
then ready for printing or embossing.
Such material is eventually passed between two rollers of the machine, the one
being a roller with a resilient surface formed by the surface of the roller or by an
endless band passing thereover, the other roller being embossed, if so required, or
engraved or plain according to the nature of the hanging to be made and provided
with ink or colour.
This second roller may be heated and the two rollers are adjustable to and from
each other so that the pressure between them may be regulated. I prefer to drive the
resilient surfaced roller by power and the other roller by frictional contact with the
former. The printing roller is provided with colour through a train of rollers fed from a
trough, one wall of which is formed by a roller to which a slow feed is given by
suitable gear from the shaft of the resilient surfaced roller. The material may after-
wards be coated on the back with a waterproof composition and the embossed work
filled out therewith if desired. The resilient roller surface or endless apron may be
of rubber or compound thereof or of felt.
Dated this 8th day of January 1889.
HERBERT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Wall Hangings and the
like, and in Machinery for uselin said Manufacture,
1 SAMUEL FISHER of Milkwood Road, Brixton in the County of Surrey, Paper Hanging
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention consists in certain improvements in the manufacture of embossed

page_text: :
or plain 'paper or fabric or material suitable for wall or ceiling covering and similar
uses and in machinery for such purpose.
The object of the improved machinery is to combine in one machine or apparatus
in an efficient inanner, the necessary parts for preparing the material, painting or
printing the same, and embossing if desired so that a finished product of the nature
hereinafter described may issue from the machine.
39
In preparing paper or fabric for the machine I prefer to take linen, canvas or calico
and strong brown or coarse paper and having passed them through a bath of strong
size to saturate them I then fasten them together by strong flour and glue paste (say
two parts of the former to one part of the latter).
530
7
ידיז
ז ני ..
.
When nearly dry the material is passed through, a calendering press to ensure
perfect adhesion and smooth surface. It is then saturated with oxydised oil by means
of the machinery described to make it thoroughly waterproof and to produce a soft
and leather like feel and appearanco.
اد.
15.11
A
fit a. ""'
After the inaterial is thus prepared it is rolled upon a beain and passed again
through the machine as many times as may be necessary to coat it properly with
oxydised oil and the requisite colour and it is then ready for printing or embossing
or the two processes together and is passed between two rollers of the machine, the
one being a roller with a resilient surface formed by the surface of the roller or by an
endless band passing thereover, the other roller being embossed if so required, or
engraved or plain. according to the nature of the hanging to be made and provided
with ink or colour. This second roller may be heated and the two rollers are adjust-
able to and from each other so that the pressure between thein may be regulated.I
prefer to drive the resilient surfaced roller by power and the other rollers by frictional
contact with the former. The printing roller is provided with colour through a train
of rollers, fed froin a trough, one wall of, which is formed by a roller to which a slow
feed is given by suitable gear from the shaft of the resilient surfaced roller.". The
material may afterwards be coated on the back with a waterproof composition and
the embossed work filled out therewith if desired? The resilient rollér surface or
endless apron may be of rubber or compound thereof or of felt.
"*11.
Reference being made to the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of
the machine.
Fig. 2 a cross,
section on line Fig. 1. Fig. 3 an end elevation of the colour
mechanisin. Fig. 4 is a side elevation and Fig. 5 a section thereof."
Z is a suitable frame of convenient shape for supporting all parts. In the vertical
centreline of the frame are journalled rollers whose functions are hereinafter described;
a wing of the frame suppo
supports the main shafting and a corresponding wing the colour
roller, frame with parts belonging thereto.
1.
M +
E represents a roll of the material. The spindle à of this roll is supported upon
lugs upon the fraine and is held thereon by levers'c pivoted to the frame at d'and
extending over the spindle and pressed thereon by'adjustable weights c.. The inaterial,
unwinding from the roll passes over a tension roller fand thence under a "calendering
roller D'between the said roller and its follow roller C, thereupon over the roller A,
between said roller 'A and the printing or painting or embossing roller B whence it
is drawn by or with the endless apron O; transporting the finished material from
the machinery to the drying room11. Of the roller C and D, C being hollow is heated
by steam or in any other convenient manner and pressed upon the upper surface of
the materiál. Disa cold roller and is journalled in blocks y vertically adjustable in
guides in the frame and held upon the roller C by screw spindles h operating said
blocks. The rollers C and D'are revolved by friction against the material. Of the
rollers A and B, the latter B is a hollow roller and may, when used for embossing,
be heated in a similar manner, to C, when it is an embossed roller, it compresses
parts of the material into the roller A or into the belt C thereon thus forming the
depressed ground of an embossed pattern. The roller A is formed of or covered
with a material, which will readily return to its original form after..compression, for
this purpose rubber or a compound thereof or felt is used. Or the roller A. may
be of hard material and over it may be passed and operated an endless rubber band C¹
D) 0.5
37.

page_text: '
which is passed over an adjustable or tension roller Al. The material to be
impressed or embossed, passes between the rollers B and A and parts thereof are
pressed down by the pattern on the roller B into the surface of the roller A or rubber
band C which being resilent permits of such compression of parts, returning to its
original form after the passage of the material or on leaving the line of contact. The
material being heated by the calendering roller C,and by the embossed roller B retains
the forms or patterns impressed into it when afterwards cooled and dried. The
roller A is slowly driven by power and the roller B journalled in vertically guided
blocks is pressed thereon by pressure of screw spindles h and revolves by surface
friction.
.
The shaft carrying the fly wheel is provided with a fast pulley Q and loose
pulley R.
+
The fork pivoted at to the frame enables the driving belt w to be shifted upon
the pulley QR. Upon this shaft is a pinion S driving the spur wheel T splined
upon the shaft of the roller A. The roller of the apron O is driven by a cord
passing about the main shaft, a pulley on said roller, and the tension pulley m
adjustably, fastened to the frame.
To colour the ground around the embossed design the colour is transferred to the
surface of the embossed roller before the arrival of the same upon the material by the
following means:-The frame n having flanges o or equivalent supports is guided in
lugs or between flanges p. of the frame Z and is capable of movement to or from the
roller B.
It may be operated in this manner by the screw spindle N passing through a rail r
connecting the cheeks of the frane Z. The front end of the frame n carries a colour
trough I the back wall of which is forined or closed by a roller K. The roller K is
journalled in blocks displaceable horizontally in the frame n and operated by screw
spindles t. The trough I is also displaceable horizontally upon the roller K and is
operated by thumb screws M. The colour is transferred from the trough I by the
roller K into the first roller of a train of rollers F G H preferably three in number
and composed of or covered with rubber or other soft material. Of these three
rollers the contre one G is preferably journalled above the plane of the two other
rollers F H and is allowed to press upon the same by its own gravity assisted if
desired by weights or pressure upon the trunnions of the roller.
A pan J is
arranged as shown in Fig. 5 for receiving the drippings of colour from the trough,
or rollers K or F. The roller K is driven by the mitre wheel W by the gearing
operated by the cog wheel U on the shaft of roller B.
The roller on shaft of roller train F G H is operated by friction of surfaces,
the rollers equalizing and smoothing the colour, the last roller H transferring the
same to the raised parts of the embossed roller B against which the said roller H is
pressed with adjustable pressure by means of the screw spindle N.
The colour thus transferred to the roller B is printed upon the surface of the material
where the latter is pressed down by the raised parts of the roller B and thus forms a
ground of the respective colour surrounding an embossed design in the original tint
of the material.
When desired to make plain or unembossed wall hangings I remove the embossing
roller B and substitute a plain cylinder roller which gives a uniforin coat or ground
over the whole of the material which I may subsequently emboss or I sub-
stitute an engraved roller and print a design. I prefer to use oil colours but I can
use distemper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination with an embossing roller of a colour train adapted to supply
colour to the raised portions of said roller substantially as set forth

page_text: from said roller and adapted to supply colour to the raised portions of said roller
substantially as set forth.
.
3. The combination with a pair of calendering rollers CD, printing roller B, bed
roller A and colour train consisting of trough I with roller K and grinding and
distributing rollers F G H substantially as set forth..
4. The combination of a spindle a weighted lever E adjustable calendering.
rollers CD, roller A with a resilient bed embossing roller B and colour. train.con-
sisting of trough I with roller wall K and rollers FG. H substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.