CERTAIN. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY o APPARATUS FOR RULING PAPER
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, 'MILES
BERRY, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Mid-
d'esex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fifth day of June, in the fourth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Miles
Berry, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Miles Berry, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said Miles. Berry, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, an Invention of "CERTAIN. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
o APPARATUS FOR RULING PAPER," being a a communication from a foreigner
residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging
me, the said Miles Berry, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner, the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to
be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery witliin six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto liad, will
more fully and at large appear.."

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Miles Berry, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
The machine which constitutes the Invention that has been communicated
to me, as above mentioned, is constructed upon the principle of the ordinary
cylinder printing machine now in use for letter-press printing, and consists,
first, of a reciprocating motion, which carries the paper to be ruled; also,
of two cylinders covered with cloth, and above which cylinders is placed a
carrying roller, that draws the sheet of paper brought by the reciprocating
motion, and conveys it into the machine, where it is passed round the cylinders,
and maintained in contact with them by means of a suitable arrangement of
cords or bands, which cords or bands by their peculiar disposition also turn the
sheet of paper after one side has been ruled, and present the contrary side to
the pens or ruling instruments. There is also a wiping or drying roller,
covered with blotting paper, which revolves in contact with one of the cylin-
ders, and wipes or dries it, and absorbs any ink which is transferred thereto
from the ruled side of the sheet of paper.
Another part of the machine consists of a number of pens or ruling instru-
ments, suitably arranged and mounted upon a moveable shaft, and also of a
convenient disposition of ink or colour troughs or holders. The axle of the
shaft which carries the pens turns on its centre, whereby the pens are moved
or withdrawn from the paper when required. The pens or ruling instruments
are supplied with ink or colouring matter in the following manner:-When
they are withdrawn from the paper, the ink or color troughs are by suitable
mechanism made to ascend and dip the nib of the pens into the ink or color,
which rises into the body of the pen by capillary attraction; and having effected
this, the ink trough descends, and remains stationary until the pens are again
withdrawn from the paper. The ink or color holders or troughs are arranged
in such a manner that different colored lines may be ruled at the same time.
Lastly, there is an arrangement of tapes or threads, which carry the ruled
sheet out of the machine, conduct it to a certain distance, and deposit it in a
box placed there to receive it. A winch handle is attached to the upper
cylinder for the purpose of turning it; and by means of a toothed wheel,
mounted on the axis thereof, and which gears into a similar toothed wheel on
the axis of the lower cylinder, the latter is made to revolve in an opposite
direction, and motion given to the whole machine.

page_text: I have now explained the general features and construction of the machine
constituting the Invention ; but in order that the construction and arrangement
of the different parts may be more clearly understood, I have annexed hereto
certain Drawings, shewing different views of the machine.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the machine complete; Fig. 2, a side
view of the same; and Fig. 3 a longitudinal section, taken vertically
through the middle of the machine. The framework, which may be made of
wood, is shewn at a, a, a, a'; and 6 is a platform for supporting the pile of
blank paper which is to be ruled, and which is fed sheet by sheet into the
machine in the following manner :-A sheet of paper is placed by the feeding-
in boy on the moveable reciprocating platform c, c, and its situation thereon
regulated by moveable slides, as seen in the plan or bird's-eye view of theo
feeding table, shewn detached at Fig. 4, the situation of the sheet of paper
being indicated by the blue lines. To the under side of this moveable platform
a band, cord, or strap d, d, is fastened or attached, as shewn in Figure 4, and
also by dots in Fig. 1. One end of this cord, band, or strap passes round a
small pulley e, and is fastened to the periphery of a roller f, upon the axle of
which is mounted a pinion g, and a traction weight and cord h. The other
end of the cord a passes over another pulley i, and supports a weight j. Then
on the axle of the upper cylinder a small sector rack k is fastened, and as the
said cylinder revolves the sector rack k comes in contact with the pinion g on
the axle of the roller f, and causes it to revolve, and draw the movable
platform c, c, forward, and thereby introduce the edge of the sheet of paper
between the roller 7 and the upper cylinder m, m. This having been accom-
plished, and the upper cylinder continuing to rotate, the sector rack k
passes away from the pinion g, which is with the moveable platform c, c,
drawn back by means of the weight j, assisted by a slight inclination of the
framework a, a, into its original position; the sheet of paper thus brought
into the machine passes partially round the upper cylinder m, m, and is.
ruled on one side by one set of pens or ruling instruments, and from thence
is passed on to the other cylinder n, n, by means of tapes or bands, as seen by
the blue line in Fig. 3, in order to be ruled on the other side by another similar
set of pens. A roller o, covered with blotting paper, and mounted loosely in
bearings, revolves in contact with the cylinder n, n, for the purpose of drying
it, and absorbing any colour or ink it may have received from the ruled side of
the sheet of paper. When the ruling on both sides is completed, the sheet is
delivered from the cylinder on to the tapes or cords p, p, and conveyed to a
distance. The pens or ruling instruments q, q, are fastened to a shaft or bar
by screw clamps, or in any other convenient manner; this shaft turns on its

page_text: centre, and the time that the pens commence and continue ruling is regulated as
follows: A lever is fastened on to the axle of the shaft s, to which the pens
are attached, and the end of this lever bears against a cam t on the axle of the
upper cylinder, as seen in Fig. 5, which represents a side view of the machine,
with the toothed wheels on the axles of the cylinders removed, in order to
shew the cams t and their action. When the rise of the cam t comes into
contact with the tail of the lever 7, as is the case with the upper one, the
shaft s, on which the pens are fastened, is turned partially round, and the pens
are thereby withdrawn from the cylinder, as seen in Fig. 3; but when the
rise of the cam t has passed round, and the tail of the lever bears against the
lower end of the cam, the pens are brought by the force of the spring u to bear
against the surface of the paper on the cylinder, as is the case with the lower
cylinder in Fig. 3, and thereby rule the paper. The length of the lines is
therefore determined by the length of the rise in the cam t, and the rise of the
said cam is made of several sectional parts, as shewn, in order that lines of
different lengths may be ruled. These sectional pieces are fastened on to the
cam by screw nuts, and may be easily removed and replaced by longer or
shorter ones, as the case may be, and the length of the lines thereby regulated
to a nicety. The pens or ruling instruments are supplied with ink or colour in
the following manner:-The ink or colour troughs or holders are shewn in
Fig. 3 at v, v, and are supported by brackets, which are connected to a longi-
tudinal shaft or bar w, w, that extends across the machine; 'on the end of this
shaft w, and outside the framing, is mounted a long lever x, seen in Fig. 2, and
this lever is acted upon by a cam y, which brings the lever into the position
shewn by dots, and thereby raises the ink troughs or holders until the ends of
the pens become immersed in the ink or colour. This motion is so arranged
that the ink or colour troughs are raised precisely at the time that the pens
are withdrawn from the paper. The above description of the arrangement of
the pens or ruling instruments, and the mode of causing them to act upon the
paper, also the method of supplying them with the ink, applies equally to both
sets, and as similar letters of reference are marked upon corresponding parts
no further description of the second or lower set will be required. When lines
of various colours are required, the ink or colour trough v (instead of being
made of one continuous length extending the width of the sheet of paper) may
be composed of several small troughs, as seen at v, v, v, v, in Fig. 1; and a
second set of pens and colour troughs may, if found necessary, be arranged
below those shewn in the Drawing.
Having now described the Invention that has been communicated to me, and
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I