IMPROVE- MENTS IN MEANS FOR HULLING AND CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAINS HAVING A HULL OR HUSK
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Richard Barnes; of the City and State of
New York, United States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS FOR HULLING AND CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAINS HAVING
A HULL OR HUSK."
Sealed the 29th September 1857, and dated the 18th April 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Richard Barnes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th April 1857.
I, CHARLES RICHARD BARNES, of the City and State of New York, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR HULLING AND CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAINS
HAVING A HULL OR HUSK," to be as follows:-
I make use of a pair of mill stones, adjustablo in their distance apart
according to the character of grain, and in the opposing surfaces of said stones
grooves or furrows are to be made of a curved form, intersected by radial
grooves, so that as the grains to be hulled are thrown by the centrifugal force
from the centre towards the edges of the stones, they are arrested by said
grooves turned up on their longest diameter, and the hull or husk exposed to
successive blows until knocked off and the grain cleaned. The running stone

page_text: is supported and adjusted to run truc by a three-armed bale and set screws
acting at the ends of the arms. An exhaust blower is used to carry away the
bulls or husks and dust from the grain, and any broken pieces of grain or
chess are arrested and deflected into a pocket located at a semicircular bend
in the said exhaust pipe, at which point an adjustable slide causes said heavier
particles or chess to be deflected into said pocket.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Richard Barnes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th October 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
RICHARD BARNES, of the City and State of New York, United States of
America, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Richard Barnes, Her special license that I, the said Charles Richard
Barnes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Charles Richard Barnes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MEANS FOR HULLING AND CLEANING RICE AND OTHER GRAINS HAVING A
HULL OR HUSK," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles
Richard Barnes, by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, should
particularly, describe and, ascertain. the naturo of the said Invention, and.
in what manner the same was, to be performed, and cause the samo to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that, I, the said, Charles. Richard. Barnes, do, hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the, same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being, had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say).
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of my machine complete; Fig. 2 is a plan of

page_text: the bed stone; Fig. 3 is an inverted plan of the runner stone; Fig. 4 is a
vertical section of the runner stone; and Fig. 5 is à section of the separator.
that acts to catch and retain any chess or broken pieces of grain. Similar
marks of referenco denote the same parts.
The nature of my said Invention consists in a peculiar manner of dressing
the hulling stones; so that the rice or other grains are prevented from escaping
in a radial line, and are thereby turned up on their longest diameter, and
exposed to a rolling and beating operation that effectually removes all the hull
or husk. I also make use of a three-armed bale to adjust and tram the
running stone with great accuracy, in order that the hulling operation may bo
uniform all around the stone. The grains and hulls pass away through an
ascending current of air, which winnows the same, carrying away the bulls
and any broken pieces of grain or chess; and said broken grains or cliess are
caught and retained by a peculiarly constructed deflector.
In the Drawing, a is the frame of the machine; b, the driving pulley on
the spindle c; d is a belt to the exhaust blower e, acting to draw a current of
air through the trunk fagainst the descending motion of the grains as they
pass away from the hulling stones, and winnow away the hulls, husks, &c.
By reference to Figs. 2 and 3, the peculiar manner in which my hulling:
stones are dressed will be apparent. The runner stone 9 moves in the direc-
tion indicated by the arrow drawn at the side of the bed stone; and said bed
stone his dressed with radial furrows 1, 1, and short curved furrows 2, 2, as
shewn, so that the runner stone, moving as shewn by the arrow, tends to carry
the grains along in the said curved furrows 2, bringing them nearer to tho
centre of the stone, and when by the motion they are brought to the-radial
grooves 1, 1, tho grains again escape towards the edges of the stones. The
peculiar dress given to the runner stone 9, as shewn in Fig. 3, is such as to
give both a rolling motion to the grains and bring them up on their longest
diameter at several stages before the grains escape by the centrifugal force,
thereby hulling the points of the grains, or what is termed "pointing the
berry." The dress of the runner stone is that of curved furrows 8, 3, in a
reverse position, or arcs of circles, the centres of which would be outside the
edge of the runner stone; and two radial furrows 4, 4, pass through two sets
of these curved furrows to the eye of the stone; and two other radial furrows
5, 5, pass from the edge of the stone to the middle furrow 3 of the curved
furrows, about half the radius of the stone. The grains, as thrown off by the
centrifugal force, are arrested and come up on their longest diameter in the
successive curved furrows as they pass from one to the other, and the manner
shewn of placing the radial furrows 4 and 5, allows for the escape of the grains

page_text: with the necessary speed; but only two furrows 4, 4, passing up to the eye of the
stone, the supply of grain is sufficiently restricted to prevent clogging the stones.
The runner stone his supported by a three-armed bale i, attached firmly to
the spindle c, and the ends of the arms, set within metallic boxes permanently
attached (by lending or otherwise) in the stone at equal distances around the
eye. These boxes 6, 6, are provided with a holo through the top, near their
outer end, and a hole coinciding therewith, but of larger diameter, is bored
through the runner stone. A screw k is inserted through each of said holes,
and fits a corresponding thread cut in the hole of the box, and the points of
said screws bear on the three arms of the balo i, and by means of theso screws
the runner stone can be adjusted with the greatest accuracy, so as to run at a
given distance from the bed stone and not crush the grain on one side, nor
allow it to escape at the other without being thoroughly hulled. Tho
grains &c. pass from the stones through the pipe or spout to the trunk
f, where they pass through the ascending current of air, the grains
falling away at the lower end, and the hulls &c. being drawn over by the
exhaust blower e are blown away. If this alone were used, the chess and
broken pieces of grain would be blown away with the hulls, causing waste.
I therefore provide a slido m in a pocket n near the higher part of the
trunk f, where said trunk forms nearly a semicircle. This slide m has a
curved end standing towards the ascending blast. As the said blast draws up
the said hulls &c., the heavier particles naturally travel nearer the bottom of
the curved trunk and come in contact with said slide, the curved end of which
deflects them into the pocket n, from which said heavier particles, such as
broken grain and chess, escapo by a narrow mouth at 7. The slide m
is raised or lowered by a small screw rod and nut 8, so that its position
can be adjusted to catch all heavier particles that are useful, and allow
all other matter to pass away with the blast. The curved end of this
slide prevents the heavier particles striking against the sido of said slide and
being carried over the same by the draft, because the said curved end deflects
said particles downwards. In place of having the slido m or deflector to movo
vertically, the same may be formed, as shown by dotted lines at 9, of a curved
piece of metal, jointed at one end on the bottom of the trunk f, and the other
end raised and lowered by the rod and nut 8.
What I claim as my Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,
the manner herein specified of arranging the curved furrows of the hulling
stones to retard the exit of the grains, and act on the same substantially as
specified.
I also claim the manner of adjusting the running stone by the set screws

page_text: k, k, k, passing through the stone and through the metal boxes fastened into
said stone, and taking the ends of the three-armed bale that is attached to tho
spindle, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
I also claim the slide or deflector m having a curved end to separate and
arrest the heavier particles, and allow the refuse matter, such as hulls &c. to
pass away with the blast, as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Richard Barnes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
CHARLES R. BARNES. (L.B.)
Witnesses,
LEMUEL W. SERRELL,
289, Broadway, New York, U.S.
THOMAS G. HAROLD,
150, Canton St., Brookly, U.S.