A NEW OR IMPROVED PRESERVATIVE PAINT OR COMPOSITION POR PRO- TECTING SHIPS' BOTTOMS, PRESERVING SUBMARINE WOODWORK, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry John Broughton Kendall, of Great Win-
chester Street, in the City of London, Merchant, for the Invention
of "A NEW OR IMPROVED PRESERVATIVE PAINT OR COMPOSITION POR PRO-
TECTING SHIPS' BOTTOMS, PRESERVING SUBMARINE WOODWORK, AND OTHER
USEFUL PURPOSES."-A communication from abroad by William
Babcock, residing at San Francisco, California, in the United States
of America.
Sealed the 15th June 1869, and dated the 12th March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry John Broughton
Kendall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 12th March 1869.
I, HENRY JOHN BROUGHTON KENDALL, of Great Winchester Street,
in the City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED PRESERVATIVE PAINT OR COM-
POSITION FOR PROTECTING SHIPS' BOTTOMS, PRESERVING SUBMARINE WOODWORK,
AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," communicated to me from abroad by William
Babcock, a person resident at San Francisco, California, in the United
States of America, to be as follows:
The improved paint or composition is applicable for various pre-
servative purposes, such as for protecting the bottoms of wood and iron

page_text: ships from fouling, preventing corrosion or oxidation of metals, and
protecting wood structures from insects.
The composition consists of the following ingredients :-Arseniate of
copper, oxide of iron, carbonate of lime, crystallized strychnine, con-
centrated anhydrous extract of tobacco, crytallized borax. To these
ingredients coal tar or other base or medium, or coal tar with other
base or medium is added according to the colour required, and the
whole is ground. Sometimes, when to be used as a liquid, linseed oil
and turpentine are employed in the composition. The following
proportions are recommended in certain cases: -20 lbs. arseniato of
copper, 18 lbs. oxide of iron, 6 lbs. carbonate of lime, 4 drachms
crystallized strychnine, 4 ounces concentrated anhydrous extract of
tobacco, 4 lbs. crystallized borax, 12 galls. coal tar, 2 parts linseed oil,
1 part turpentine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry John Broughton Kendall, in the Great
Scal Patent Office on the 10th September 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
JOHN BROUGHTON KENDALL, of Great Winchester Street, in the City
of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry John Broughton Kendall, Her
special licence that I, the said Henry John Broughton Kendall, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
John Broughton Kendall, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED PRESERVATIVE PAINT OR COM-
POSITION FOR PROTECTING SHIPS' BOTTOMS, PRESERVING SUBMARINE WOODWORK,
AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," communicated to me from abroad by

page_text: William Babcock, a person resident at San Francisco, California, in
the United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Henry John Broughton Kendall, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry John Broughton Kendall,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The improved paint or composition is applicable for various pre-
servative purposes, such as protecting the bottoms of wood and iron
ships from fouling, preventing corrosion or oxidation of metals, and
protecting wood structures from insects.
The composition consists of the following ingredients :---Arseniate of
copper, oxide of iron, carbonate of lime, crystallized strychnine, con-
centrated anhydrous extract of tobacco, crystallized borax. To these
ingredients coal tar or other base or medium, or coal tar with other
base or medium is added according to the color required, and the
whole is ground together. Sometimes, when it is to be used as a liquid,
linseed oil and turpentine are employed in the composition. The
following proportions are recommended as suitable:-20 lbs. arseniate
of copper, 18 lbs. oxide of iron, 6 lbs. carbonate of lime, 4 drachms
crystallized strychnine, 4 ounces concentrated anhydrous extract of
tobacco, 4 lbs. crystallized borax, 12 gallons coal tar, 2 parts linseed oil,
and 1 part turpentine.
I
may mention that the improved paint or composition is applicable
to coating ships' bottoms, both wood and iron, to keep them from fouling,
or to protect them from barnacles, grass, &c. and for other purposes where
a good preservative paint is required to prevent corrosion or rusting of
metals, and to protect wooden vessels, wharves, piles, &c. from the attacks
of the teredo navalis; also ships' timbers, floor beams, and other wood-
work in houses from the ravages of the white ant and comajen, or other
insects which usually destroy wood.

page_text: I now proceed to describe in what manner the manufacture of the
composition may best be carried into practical effect. I take 20 lbs.
arseniate of copper, 18 lbs. oxide of iron, 6 lbs. carbonate of lime,
4 drachms crystallized strychnine, 4 ounces concentrated anhydrous
extract of tobacco, 4 lbs. crystallized borax. To these ingredients I
add 12 gallons of coal tar. The whole is then ground in a paint mill.
When the compound is ready for use I apply it with a brush in the
usual way of applying paint.
With coal tar as a base or medium the colour will be black or nearly
so, and when other shades of colour are desired other bases with different
tints may be used; and as one substitute for a liquid I would use in the
composition 2 parts of linseed oil and 1 part of turpentine. The paint
when prepared with this base or vehicle is especially serviceable for
preventing white ants from destroying woodwork in buildings and ships'
timbers. The composition may be used as a paint for iron ships and
ironwork. Of course I do not confine myself to the exact or precise
proportions of ingredients above stated in carrying the Invention into
effect, though I believe them to be best suited for the purpose.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, I declare that I claim, the
composition or paint manufactured of the ingredients and in the
manner herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry John Broughton Kendall,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
Witness,
M. HENRY,
HENRY J. B. KENDALL.
(L.S.)
68, Fleet Street, London.