IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND DEODORIZING HUMAN EXCRETA, AND PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Cameron Sillar, of Blackheath, in the
County of Kent, Merchant, and Robert George Sillar, of Bolton,
in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, and Christopher Rawson,
of No. 1, Saint Swithin's Lane, in the City of London, General
Manager of the Native Guano Company (Limited), for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND DEODORIZING HUMAN EXCRETA, AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Cameron Sillar,
Robert George Sillar, and Christopher Rawson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 22nd February
1872.
5 We, WILLIAM CAMERON SILLAR, of Blackheath, in the County of
Kent, Merchant, and ROBERT GEORGE SILLAR, of Bolton, in the County
of Lancaster, Gentleman, and CHRISTOPHER RAWSON, of No. 1, Saint
Swithin's Lane, in the City of London, General Manager of the Native

page_text: Specification of Letters Patent granted to one Nicolas Goux, and bearing
date 20 February, A.D. 1868 (No. 566), the deodorant or deodorants is
or are used instead of earth, sawdust, or other matters to line the
receptacle in which the excreta are collected.
Where the excreta are collected in what are termed "dry closets" the
deodorant or deodorants is or are used in substitution for the dry earth
or other matter which is usually distributed over the excreta, and where
the receptacles used in such closets are divided into two compartments,
so as to separate the feces from the urine, the deodorant or deodorants
is or are distributed over the said feces by any suitable means, and is or
are also put into the compartment in which the urine is collected, so as
to absorb the latter.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert George Sillar,
and Christopher Rawson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
CAMERON SILLAR, of Blackheath, in the County of Kent, Merchant, and
ROBERT GEORGE SILLAR, of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Gentle-
man, and CHRISTOPHER RAWSON, of No. 1, Saint Swithin's Lane, in the
City of London, General Manager of the Native Guano Company
(Limited), send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert

page_text: George Sillar, and Christopher Rawson, Her special licence that we,
the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert George Sillar, and Christopher
Rawson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said William Cameron Sillar, Robert George Sillar, and Chris-
topher Rawson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING AND DEODORIZING HUMAN EXCRETA, AND
THEREBY FACILITATING THE DISPOSAL AND UTILIZATION THEREOF," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Cameron Sillar,
Robert George Sillar, and Christopher Rawson, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Cameron Sillar, on behalf
of myself and the said Robert George Sillar and Christopher Rawson,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to the treatment of human excreta or night
soil collected in privies, cesspits, middens, dry closets or otherwise than
by water carriage or sewers. One of the chief difficulties attending the
disposal of such night soil or excreta is the nuisance ordinarily insepar-
able from the collection, removal, and storing of the same. Various
plans for deodorizing night soil or excreta have been tried, but they are
either imperfect or inconvenient. Thus ashes are sometimes mixed with
excreta, but do not deodorize and absorb them. Earth is sometimes
used as a deodorant, but its use in towns is attended by great practical
difficulties. Now the objects of our Invention are not only to deodorize
and absorb human feces and urine, but to do this in such a way as to
facilitate their use as a manure.

page_text: guano for deodorizing, absorbing, and decomposing human excreta or
night soil.
"Native guano" is the precipitate obtained by treating sewage with
deodorizing mixtures as described in the Specifications of Letters Patent,
No. 1954, A.D. 1868, and Nos. 364, 1354, and 3399, A.D. 1870, which
Patents are the property of or held in trust for the Native Guano Com-
pany (Limited), the subject matters of the said Patents constituting the
process known as the A. B. C. process. The way in which we use the
said native guano for the purposes herein-before mentioned depends upon
the way in which the excreta are collected.
Where the excreta are collected in the ordinary way in privies or
middens the "native guano" may be strewed over the said excreta from
time to time in sufficient quantity to cover them.
Where the excreta are collected according to the system described in
the Specification of Letters Patent granted to one Nicolas Goux, and
bearing date 20th February 1868 (No. 566), the "native guano" is used
instead of earth, sawdust, or other matters to line the receptacle in
which the excreta are collected.
Where the excreta are collected in what are termed "dry closets," the
"native guano" is used in substitution for the dry earth or other other
matter which is usually distributed over the excreta, and where the re-
ceptacles used in such closets are divided into two compartments so as to
separate the feces from the urine, the "native guano" is distributed over
the said feces by any suitable means, and is also put into the compart-
ment in which the urine is collected so as to absorb the latter.
"
The mixture of excreta and "native guano when removed from the
privies or other receptacles is made into heaps (with or without the
further addition of "native guano") and allowed to stand. In due
time the mixture becomes a homogeneous mass, which is a valuable and
inoffensive manure which we term "native manure."
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we claim as our said Invention the
use of the substance known as
native guano for deodorizing, absorb-
"
"

page_text: ing, and decomposing human excreta or night soil (as distinguished from
sewage), essentially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Cameron Sillar, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of
August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-two.
Witness,
H. H. MURDOCH,
7, Staple Inn,
London.
W. C. SILLAR. (L.S.).