IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING, SPINNING, OR TWISTING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, WHICH INVENTION HE DENOMINATES LARWILL'S IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING, SPINNING,
OR TWISTING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, WHICH INVENTION
HE DENOMINATES LARWILL'S IMPROVEMENTS." " _A communication.
Scaled the 19th March 1853, and dated the 6th January 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 6th January 1853.
1, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING, SPINNING, OR TWISTING
COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, WHICH INVENTION I DENOMINATE
LARWILL'S IMPROVEMENTS," " to be as follows:-
In the various speeders and spinners heretofore tried and used great
difficulty has been experienced in putting in the twist, whether in
rovings or in threads, for the reason that the roving or thread passes
directly from the draw or holding rollers through the flyer, condensing
tube, or other device for putting in the twist, and thence to the bobbin

page_text: or tube; and being thus held at both ends and on opposite sides of the
apparatus for giving the twist, it must follow, as a necessary consequence,
that the twist imparted will be in the reversed direction on both sides,
which double and opposite twist will be lost, or nearly so, when the
roving or thread is liberated.
The object of the present Invention is to give a direct twist to the
roving strand or thread before it is laid on to the bobbin or spool, and
maintain it in the act of winding on, and this too without giving a
reversed twist to a portion of the length, as by the modes heretofore
practised; and to this end these Improvements consist in carrying the
roving strand or thread from the draw or holding rollers through a
hollow bobbin or spool or hollow spindle thereof, thence to the flyer or
its equivalent, and thence back to the surface of the bobbin or spool on
which it is wound in the act of twisting or spinning.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 6th July 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
license that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, and such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein, expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for.

page_text: "
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING, SPINNING, OR TWISTING COTTON, OR OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES, WHICH INVENTION I DENOMINATE LARWILL'S IMPROVEMENTS,'
being a communication from a foreigner residing abroad, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Edward Newton,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and scal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward. Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference.being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):
In the various speeders and spinners heretofore tried and used, great
difficulty has been experienced in putting in the twist, whether in
ropings or in threads, for the reason that the roping or thread passes
directly from the draw or holding rollers through the flyer, condensing
tube, or other device for putting in the twist, and thence to the bobbin
or tube; and being thus held at both ends and on opposite sides of the
device for giving the twist, it must follow as a necessary consequence
that the twist imparted will be in the reversed direction on both sides,
which double and opposite twist will be lost, or nearly.so, when the
roping or thread is liberated.
The object of the present Invention, which has been communicated
to me from abroad, as aforesaid, is to give a direct twist to the roping,
roving strand, or thread, before it is laid on to the bobbin or spool, and
maintain such twist in the act of winding on, and this too without
giving a reversed twist to a portion of the length, as by the modes
heretofore practised.
The method of effecting this object is described by the Inventor as
consisting in carrying the roping, roving strand, or thread from the
draw or holding rollers, through a hollow bobbin or spool, or hollow

page_text: spindle thereof, then to the flyer or its equivalent, and thence back to
the surface of the bobbin or spool on which it is wound in the act of
twisting or spinning.
Fig. 1, is a plan
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn the present Improve-
ments as applied to a speeder for condensing roving.
view of a speeder constructed on the improved plan. Fig. 2, is a longi-
tudinal section thereof, and Figs. 3, and 4, are modifications of the
plans shewn in the other Figures. a, is the frame; and b, b, the last
pair of the series of drawing rollers usually employed in speeders.
Directly beyond this pair of rollers there is a horizontal tube or hollow
spindle c, mounted in suitable bearings d, d, and provided with a whirl
e, to receive a band from a drum f, below. To the end of this tube is
fitted the spool g, which turns with the tube. Beyond the spool, and in
a line therewith, is another spindle 7, carrying a flyer i, and mounted in
suitable bearings j, j, in a frame, adapted to slide longitudinally on
ways l, l, to give what is called the traverse motion for winding the
roping on to the spool; but, as the mode of giving this traverse
motion makes no part of the present invention, it is deemed unne-
cessary to describe or represent it, as any of the known modes may
be employed and applied either to the flyer or to the hollow tube
which carries the spool or bobbin, or to the spool or bobbin on its tube.
The spindle 7, is provided with a whirl m, to receive a band n, from a
drum o, below, by which the required motion is imparted to the flyer in
the usual or any appropriate manner. And, if desired, the outer end of
this spindle may be provided with a weight p, to balance the weight of
the flyer in order to steady the motion, as is well known to persons
versed in this branch of art. The arms of the flyer are grooved out to
receive the roving and protect it when in motion, and the nut or hub q
of the flyer is formed with a projecting guide to receive and guide the
roving into the grooves of either one of the arms.
The roving, as
delivered by the rollers, passes through the hollow tube which carries
the spool, thence to the central guide 7, on the hub or nutq, of the flyer
around the curved part, and in the groove of either one of the arms of
the flyer, and from the end thereof onto the body of the spool. The

page_text: difference in the motions to be imparted to the flyer and to the tube
carrying the spool is to be governed by the same rules as in ordinary
speeders, and determined by the amount of winding on and the twist.
From the foregoing it will be seen that as the roving is carried
through the centre of or hole in the spool, thence around the flyer, and
back in the reversed direction to the body of the spool on which it is to
be wound up, I avoid giving a twist in an opposite direction to a portion
of the length, and that the twist given will all be direct, and in propor-
tion to the difference between the motion of the flyer and that of the
spool.
I do not wish to limit myself to the application of the principle of the
Invention to speeders for twisting and condensing roving, as it is equally
applicable to all kinds of spinning in which a twist is to be given to the
filaments under operation, and also to the twisting and laying of twine
and rope; nor do I wish to limit myself to the mode of application above
described, as this may be variously modified within the range of the
principle or character of the Invention, which, as before stated, consists
in carrying the roving, roping, strand, or thread through the body of the
spool or bobbin to the flyer or its equivalent, and thence, in the reverse
direction, to the body of the spool or bobbin on which it is to be wound;
for it will be obvious that the spindles, tubes, flyers, and bobbins or
spools may be variously constructed or arranged to effect the same pur-
pose by substantially the same mode of operation; and, as an illustration
of the variations which may be made in the mode of application, the
flyer, instead of being on a separate spindle from the bobbin, may be
attached to the self-same spindle, as represented in Fig. 3, where a', is a
spool on a hollow spindle b', through which the roving, roping, strand, or
thread passes, and to the end of this is attached the arms c', c', of
Myer, so formed as to guide and carry the said roving back, in the reverse
direction, to the body of the spool. In this modification the difference
between the motion of the flyer and spool or bobbin is to be obtained
either by a drag or band, or any of the well-known modes. Or the
construction may be as represented in Fig. 4, where the whole is
inverted, and the spindle carried down to a bearing at the lower end,

page_text: and lateral holes made in the tube, as at d', d', for the passage of the
roving to and around the arms of the flyer.
What I claim as new in the present Invention, and desire to secure
by Letters Patent, is, carrying the roving, roping, thread, or yarn from
the drawing or holding rollers through the centre of the bobbin or spool,
or hollow spindle thereof; thence to the flyer or its equivalent; and
thence, in the reversed direction, to the body of the spool or bobbiu on
which it is to be wound, substantially as specified, whereby I am enabled
to give the twist required, without giving a reversed twist, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of July, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)