IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINES FOR WINDING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING YARNS OR THREADS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Horrocks and James Horrocks, of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, and Edward Whalley,
of Salford, in the said County, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR WINDING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING YARNS OR
THREADS."
Sealed the 11th December 1877, and dated the 23rd June 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Horrocks, James
Horrocks, and Edward Whalley at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 23rd June 1877.
JOHN HORROCKS and JAMES HORROCKS, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinists, and EDWARD WHALLEY, of Salford, in the said
County, Mechanic.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR WINDING, DOUBLING, AND
TWISTING YARNS OR THREADS."
Our improvements are made upon those for which protection has been granted to
the said Edward Whalley and James Horrocks on the deposit of a Complete Speci-
fication, Numbered 1807, and dated the 9th day of May 1877, and our Invention
relates to improved combinations and arrangements of inechanism for carrying out
the object described in the said Complete Specification, parts of which improved
combinations or arrangements may be used for winding, doubling, or twisting
separately.
Firstly. Our Invention relates to the apparatus for detecting the absence of a
thread or threads, and stopping the winding when this occurs, and consists in
dispensing with a separate hook for each detector wire commonly employed, and in
combining and arranging a balanced frame in or near which the detector wires have
a common fulcrum, and when the detector wires fall, in the absence of a thread, will
come against and oscillate the balanced frame to bring the single hook jointed to it
into the teeth of the ratchet wheel that gives the unlatching movement which
releases the weight and the levers and other parts through which the weight acts to
stop the winding drum and the spindle.

page_text: Another modification under this head of our Invention relates to the arrangement
and combination of the detector, and stop mechanism with the winding mechanism,
which consists of a separate upright shaft, with a drum upon it for each spindle,
driven by bevel wheels from a horizontal shaft, passing the lengthway of the
frame.
The ratchet or other teeth for unlatching the weight and levers for the stop
motions are formed upon the boss of the wheel upon the horizontal shaft, or upon a
separate boss placed upon that shaft for the purpose, thus dispensing with a special
shaft hitherto used for the purpose; or the unlatching teeth are formed upon the
boss of the wheel on the vertical shaft, which is lifted vertically to bring the vertical
wheel out of gear with the wheel on the horizontal shaft, when the detector wires
oscillate the balanced frame.
When the winding.drum is placed on a horizontal shaft passing the lengthway of
the frame, or a separate horizontal drum shaft is driven by gearing with a horizontal
shaft passing the lengthway of the frame, the teeth for unlatching the stop motions
are formed on the boss of the wheel on the horizontal shaft, or on the winding drum
shaft, if separate from the horizontal shaft, and the stop motion may act either upon
a tooth or cone clutch to stop the winding of the thread:
Secondly. Our Invention relates to the mode of driving the spindles and of
throwing them in and out of gear by the stop-motion mechanism in the combined
winding, doubling, and twisting machines, and consists in driving the spindle by a
band working on a heavy warf which can rotate loosely on the spindle, this heavy
warf having a cone formed upon the lower.end of it which fits a cone cup fast on
the spindle. When the spindle is to be stopped à lever in connection with the stop
mechanism lifts this heavy warf and thus separates the cones, and at the same time
brings a brake against the cone cup on the spindle, and thus prevents it from
rotating by the friction of the rotating warf.
Thirdly. Our Invention consists in combining the "ring and traveller" spinning
nechanism in place of the flyer, with the winding, and doubling, and stop mechanism
herein-before referred to. In this case the spindle may be driven and stopped, as
above described, or the spindle is driven by a band on a warf fixed upon the spindle,
or by other means, and the disc carrying round the bobbin is loose on the spindle,
and has a boss with a cone at its lower end entering a cone cup upon the spindle;
and this boss is lifted by á lever in connection with the stop mechanism which will
stop the rotation of the bobbin, and as the boss is or may be pressed against a
stationary surface from the spindle rail the bobbin will be prevented from being
revolved by the friction of the rotating spindle; or the bobbin is lifted above the
driving pins of the disc, upon which it rests on the spindle when spinning.
Fourthly. Our Invention consists in modifying the machinery used for spinning,
whether by the flyer or by the "ring and traveller," so as to be readily adapted for
winding or doubling and winding. In one case the flyers will only require to be
removed and the bobbin arranged to be rotated by friction or drag with the spindle,
the thread being passed through suitable guides carried upon the copping rail.
In the other case the "ring and traveller" arrangement may remain, and the
thread will only have to be passed over a guide rod direct to the traveller, and the
pins in the driving disc for the bobbin removed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Horrocks, Janes Horrocks, and Edward Whalley in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 21st December 1877.
JOHN HORROCKS and JAMES HORROCKS, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinists, and EDWARD WHALLEY, of Salford, in the said
County, Mechanic. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR WINDING, DOUBLING, AND
TWISTING YARNS OR THREADS."
Our improvements are made upon those for which Letters Patent have been
granted to the said Edward Whalley and James Horrocks, Numbered 1807, and
dated the 9th day of May 1877, and our Invention relates to improved combina
tions and arrangements of mechanism for carrying out the object described in the
Specification of the said Patent, parts of which improved combinations or arrange-
ments are or may be used separately for winding, doubling, or twisting.
Firstly. Our Invention relates to the arrangement and combination of the
detector and stop mechanism with the winding mechanism, which consists of a
separate upright shaft with a drum upon it for each spindle, driven by bevel,
toothed, or friction wheels from a horizontal shaft passing the lengthway of the
frame.
The ratchet or other teeth for unlatching the weight and levers for tho stop
motions are formed upon the boss of the wheel, upon the horizontal shaft, or upon a
separate boss placed upon that shaft for the purpose, thus dispensing with a special
shaft hitherto used for the purpose. Or the unlatching teeth are formed upon the
boss of the wheel on the vertical shaft, which is lifted vertically to bring the vertical
wheel out of gear with the wheel on the horizontal shaft when the detector wires
oscillate the balanced frame. When the winding drum is placed on a horizontal
shaft passing the lengthway of the frame, or a separate horizontal drum shaft is
driven by gearing with a horizontal shaft passing the lengthway of the frame, the
teeth for unlatching the stop motions are formed on the boss of the wheels on the
horizontal shaft, or on the winding drum shaft, if separate from the horizontal
shaft, and the stop motion may act either upon a tooth or cone clutch to stop the
winding of the thread.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to the mode of driving the spindles and of
throwing them in and out of gear by the stop motion mechanism in the combined
winding, doubling, and twisting machines, and consists in driving the spindle by a
band working on a heavy warf, which can rotate loosely upon the spindle, this
heavy warf having a cone formed upon the lower end of it, which fits a cone cup fast
on the spindle. When the spindle is to be stopped a lever in connection with the
stop mechanism lifts this heavy warf, and thus separates the cones, and at the
same time brings a brake against the cone cup on the spindle, and thus prevents it
from rotating by the friction of the rotating warf. Or instead of the cone clutch
being upon the spindle it is arranged upon the driving shaft.
Thirdly. Our Invention consists in combining the "ring and traveller" spinning
mechanism in place of the flyer with the winding and doubling and stop mechanisin
herein-before referred to. In this case the spindle may be driven and stopped aš
above described, or the spindle is driven by a band on a warf fixed upon the spindle,
or by other means, and the disc carrying round the bobbin is loose on the spindle,
and has a boss with a cone at its lower end entering a cone cup upon the spindle,
and this boss is lifted by a lever in connection with the stop mechanism, which will
stop the rotation of the bobbin, and as the boss is or may be pressed against a
stationary surface from the spindle rail, the bobbin will be prevented from being
reyolved by the friction of the rotating spindle. Or the bobbin is lifted above the
driving pins of the disc, upon which it sets on the spindle when spinning.
Fourthly. Our Invention consists in modifications of the machinery used for
doubling and spinning so as to adapt it for winding, or doubling and winding. In
one case the bobbin upon which the thread is wound is arranged to be rotated with

page_text: "
the spindle by friction or drag," the thread being first passed round the "draw
drum," and then over the traverse rail to the bobbin. In the other case the bobbin
is arranged on a spindle to wind directly, and so as to be stopped by the stop
mechanism when a thread breaks.
Fig. 1 is a cross sectional elevation illustrating one modification for doubling and
spinning with the flyer.
Fig. 2 is a cross sectional elevation illustrating another modification for doubling
and spinning with the flyer. Figs. 3 and 4 are plan views of parts detached.
Fig. 5 is a cross sectional elevation illustrating another modification of our
.Invention for doubling and spinning with the ring and traveller; Fig. 6 is a plan of
parts detached.
Fig. 7 is a side elevation, and Fig. 8 a plan illustrating a modification of
detector and stop mechanism, which may be used in place of that shown in Figures
1, 2, and 5.
Fig. 9 is an elevation, and Fig. 10 a plan illustrating another arrangement of
stop mechanism applicable for doubling and spinning.
Fig. 11 is an elevation, and Fig. 12 a plan showing a modification of mechanism
applicable for doubling and spinning, for stopping the threads, and preventing laps
when one or more of the threads break.
Fig. 13 is an elevation illustrating the application of stop mechanism. for doubling
and winding.
Fig. 14 is an elevation, and Fig. 15 a plan illustrating another modification of
stop mechanism for doubling and winding.
And, lastly, Fig. 16 is an elevation illustrating another modification for doubling
and winding.
In Fig. 1A represents the framing. The threads to be doubled or united
together are drawn from cops, bobbins, or "swifts," arranged in any suitable and
ordinary manner. In Fig. 1 the threads are supposed to be drawn from cops (¹),
as shown, and then pass through guide wires (2) over a surface (a), covered with
flannel, over a rod x'; then cach thread passes through the curl of a detector wire a ;
then the combined threads pass through a guide wire 5, round the drum b, on a
vertical shaft b¹, under a rod x, and over a rod 7, through the ordinary guide
wire y to the flyer z, and then to the bobbin tx, on the spindle t. The detectors (a)
are made of wire bent round a pin to make a boss part, through which a wire a¹
passes, forming the axis upon which the detectors oscillate; this axis of the detectors
is carried in a frame a² secured to the stand c.
When one or more of these detector wires fall they come upon a pin d pro-
jecting at a right angle from the end of a balanced lever d, which has its fulcrum ²
on a latching lever e, and overbalances the lever d so as to bring the hook end of it
in contact with projections or teeth f, on the boss of a wheel f¹, on a shaft f
passing from end to end of the frame, and this acts upon the latching lever e, which
has its fulcrum on a stud e¹ in the stand c. This latch lever e is shaped that its
weight will press it towards a pin or projection from another lever having its
fulcrum also on a stud g¹ in the stand c, which lever g is weighted, or has a weight
g* suspended from it, or is acted upon by a spring, so that when free from the
latch e, one end of this lever g will descend, and the other end, which acts as a
clutch fork, will ascend. The clutch fork end of the lever g acts upon a bevel
wheel b², which is arranged to slide on a key on the vertical drum shaft b¹, and lift
the bevel wheel b² out of the teeth of the bevel wheel f¹ on the horizontal shaft f;
and thus stops the rotation of the draw drum b, the shaft (61) for which has its
bearings in the stand c, two collars 63 being secured on the shaft to prevent it from
moving vertically with the bevel wheel 62.
The weight lever g is lifted after it has
been allowed to descend by the handle gå, which is cast with or secured to a pro-
jection from the lever. There is a pin b projecting from the lever g, which acts
upon the balanced lever d, and presses down the hook end, and keeps it out of
contact with the teeth on the boss of the wheel f¹, when the weight lever g
descends and while it is down.

page_text: .
•
Upon the spindle t there is a cone cup fixed, which fits a cone (that may be
faced with leather by preference) that works loose on the spindle. This cone (2 has
a boss, and upon its upper part a warf is formed, so that it can be driven by band
from a pulley u¹ (or drum) on a shaft u extending from end to end of the frame, driven
by a belt from the motive power employed in the usual manner. The warf is
heavy enough to give sufficient adhesion between the cones to rotate the spindle at
the desired speed.
:
:
Or a rod extending from end to end of the frame carried by brackets; a part is
secured by a set screw to carry the fulcrum of a lever w, which at one end is
jointed with the lever end of a rod w', the upper end of which is jointed with the
weight lever g, so that when the latter descends the other end of the lever g, which
is of clutch-fork form, will act upon the under side of the warf t, and lift it so that
the two cones are separated and the spindle t will stop.
To prevent the spindle from being rotated by the friction of the warf running
loose upon it, there is a spring w² descending from the fork which has a brake surface
at its end, which when the forked end of the lever wascends, will press against the
outside of the cone cup t¹ secured upon the spindle t.
Fig. 2 shows a similar arrangement to that represented by Fig. 1, but in Fig. 2
the weight lever g is arranged to act upon the pulley u¹ for driving by a band,
a warf fixed upon a spindle, the pulley in this case being loose on the shaft u
and one side of its boss is coned to fit a cone cup formed in a collar secured
upon the shaft u.
The pulley is moved to and fro on the shaft by a fork w upon the lower end of
a vertical shaft w*, having its bearings in a bracket v, secured to the rail or beain A¹,
carrying the stands c. Upon the upper end of the vertical shaft w* there is an
arm w³, secured to the end of which a spring w' is attached, and to the end of this
spring one end of a rod w¹ is connected by adjustable screw nuts, the other end of
the rod being jointed to an arm from the handle g², which is secured as before stated
to the weight lever g. The spring w' or any other suitable spring placed between
the weight lever g and the clutch fork w allows of the pressure between the driving
cones being increased or decreased as required, and allows of the weight lever y being
latched, when or after the cones have been brought in contact.
The hands of the bobbins have a pin or pins in them which enter holes in a pulley
or warf tx loose on the spindle, but resting on the copping rail t³. These warfs 2×
have bands t passed against them, as shown in Fig. 3, the bands being secured to
the copping rail at one end and to a shaft t5 at the other end, which shaft has
bearings on the copping rail, and has a ratchet wheel at one end and a pawl jointed
on the copping rail to take into the ratchet. By turning the shaft to the bands are
wound upon or unwound from it, so that more or less friction is put upon the warfs (2×
and the "drag" upon the bobbins t* is thus readily adjusted.
Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate another modification of the stop mechanism shown by
Figs. 1 and 2. In this the vertical drum shaft b' is arranged to be driven by bevel
friction wheels f¹ and b² (though tooth wheels may be arranged in the same manner),
and the shaft b¹ and driven bevel wheel 62 (which is or may be faced with leather)
is arranged to lift vertically sufficient to take the wheels out of gear or contact.
Upon the upper edge of the bevel wheel b² on the vertical shaft b¹, there is one or
more teeth which will come in contact with a descending hook or projection from
the balanced lever d, when one or more of the detector wires (a) descend the tails
of these detector wires acting under the projection d from the balanced lever d, to
lift that end up and depress the other end of it when one or more of the detector wires
fall.
The balanced lever has its fulcrum d on the latch lever e, which is shaped
to press towards the projection from the weight lever g, which last-named levers d
and c have their fulcrums on studs e¹ and g¹ in the stand c, to which one end of a
flat spring g is attached, the other end acting to press down the weight lever.
One arm from the weight lever g acts unden the drum b, and lifts it and the shaff
until the wheel b² is out of contact with the driving wheel f', when the weight lever

page_text: is unlatched, and a continuation from this arm upwards serves as the handle g for
lifting and latching the weight lever after it has fallen. Another arm of this weight
lever g is connected by a rod w¹ with the clutch for putting the driving spindle in
and out of gear.
This modification also illustrates the mode of acting upon the stop mechanism
when the threads break after passing the drum b, which is accomplished by causing
the threads to pass through a hook or eye in a detector wire a* arranged on a fulcrum,
or as shown in vertical guides in an arm from the stand c. When the threads break,
the detector a falls, and its lower end then rests upon the end of the balanced
lever d, and cause it to descend and catch one of the teeth b* on the wheel b².
: Figs. 5 and 6 show another modification of the stop mechanism, but illustrated in
combination with "ring and traveller" mechanism for spinning. There is a shaft f
passing from end to end of the frame, upon which there is a spur toothed wheel
for each spindle which gears with one 6, upon a short horizontal shaft b; having
bearings in a lever g jointed on a stud in the stand. This short shaft has the
drum b upon it, and the boss of the toothed wheel ƒ has teeth on it to act upon the
hook at the end of the balanced lever d, which has its fulcrum on the latch lever e,
that has its fulcrum on a stud e¹ in the stand (c); the upper end of the latch
léver acts against a projection from the lever g, carrying the bearings of the
drum b.
From the last-named lever g there is an arm which forms both a handle g and a.
weight which lifts the wheel b on the drum shaft out of gear with the wheel f¹,
driving it when the latch e is pulled from under, at which time the projection
on the lever g falls on to second step of the latch lever e. The threads pass over the
rod, through the eyes of the detectors a, once round the drum b, then over, the
guide rod 7, and guide wire y to the "traveller," and then to the bobbin tx on the
spindle t.
In this modification the spindle t is not stopped when the thread breaks, but the
bobbin is stopped, and consequently the "traveller" also. There is a lever w,
one end of which is jointed to or held in a hole in the beam A¹ or in a bracket from
it and the other, and rest upon the upper spindle rail or nearly so when the drum b
is in gear.
The end of the lever wis forked, and embraces the collar part of the bearing
of the spindle t, and extends upwards to come on cach side of the disc upon the
spindle, having the pins in it for driving the bobbin, but without touching the disc
and bobbin when spinning; but when a thread breaks, the clutch lever e liberates
the weight lever g, and this by the adjustable connection w¹, between the latter and
the lever w, raises that end of it under the bobbin, and lifts it above its driving pins;
and thus stops its rotation with the spindle. The holes for the pins in the head of
the bobbin are formed. by two concentric slots, by preference, which admit of the
bobbin dropping readily upon the pins, which drive it by coming against one end of
the said slots. .
Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate another modification. In this case the drum bis placed
loose upon a shaft f passing from end to end of the frame, but is kept from moving
endways by two collars f* and f5 secured to the shaft. One collar f³ has notches or
slots in its edge for a clutch f° to engage with projections from the drum b, and the
clutch fis slided in and out of gear with the drum (but not too far back to be out
of gear with the collar ƒ5) by a projection from a bell-crank lever g having a fulcrum
on a stand c.
"
The face of the upright arm of this lever, which forms a handle g² has projection
steps upon it, which engage with one arm of another bell-crank lever e, having. its
fulcrum e on the stand; the other arm of this lever e carries the fulcrum of the
balanced lever d, which is made with three arms, one to help to balance it; the arm
having the hook upon it engages with pins or projections from the clutch f when
the lever d is overbalanced. When the latch lever e is moved, the clutch or weight
lever g is released, and the spring or weight. acting upon it causes it to move the
lever until the next step upon it comes against the latch e, when the drum bis out

page_text: gear. Motion is conveyed from the lever g by a.rod to the mechanism for stopping
the spindle or bobbin directly, or through another lever, as required. The clutch is
thrown out of gear by a spring g* upon the rod w¹ acting between the stand cand
the under side of the arm from the weight lever g.
The drum b may be made to slide on the shaft by the clutch fork to bring
clutch teeth upon it, in and out of gear with clutch teeth on a collar secured upon
the shaft.
The several modifications of the stop mechanism herein-before described are (as
will be obvious) applicable for stopping the spindles or bobbins in any of the modes
of stopping the spindles or bobbins herein-before described.
Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate a modification of our Invention for doubling and
spinning, where the stop mechanism is intended to break the remaining threads
when one or more of the threads break without stopping the spindle, and thus
prevent waste by roller laps. In this case the threads a, to be doubled and twisted,
come from any ordinary and suitable creel (not shown) through a curl x 2, or under
and over a rod through the curl of the detector wires a over a rod x, then unite
together and pass round the drum b, through the curl of another detector wire a*,
over a guide into the water trough r, under the hook in it, over the other guide on
the edge of the trough to the guide wire y, and then to the flyer and bobbin. The
threads are thus drawn forward, and delivered at a uniform speed for spinning by
the drum.b, which rotates on a vertical stud b¹, and it is driven by a bevel wheel f
on a shaft f, passing from end to end of the machine, which gears with a bevel
wheel bon the lower end of the drum b. Upon the drum b there is an incline pin
or projection b*, and when the end of the balanced lever d is in the position in
which it is shown in Fig. 11, as it is when the detector wires a and a* are all beld
up, the projection bx on the drum b can revolve without contact with the end of
the balanced lever, but when this end of the lever is depressed by the fall of one or
more of the detector wires the incline face of the under side of the projection 6* upon
the drum comes against the incline upon the end of the balanced lever d, and this
causes the drum b to lift its wheel b² out of gear with the driving wheel f¹, and the
drum stops.
It is started again when the drum bis lifted on its axis until the projection 6x
upon it passes over that * upon the balanced lever. This lever has its fulcrum d²
in a bracket secured to the beam A¹, and its end nearest the drum b rests upon a
projection a³ from its bracket when the weight of the drum comes upon it.
The tails from the detector wires a act upon the pin d, when they fall so as to
lift that end of the balanced lever , and the tail of the detector wires ax, which is
hinged to the side of the trough 7, acts when it falls to depress the balanced lever
by acting upon a bent part 3 from it that comes round one side of the drum b.
-
Fig. 13 is, with the exception of the arm and connected rod, the same as Fig. 7,
but it illustrates the application of the stop motion in connection with mechanism
for doubling and winding.
The bobbins, on which the doubled threads are wound, is placed upon a spindle
s' arranged in the ordinary manner, and rests upon the ordinary cup; s is the traverse
rail for distributing thread upon the bobbin as it is wound.
The spindle is driven by a band or tape from the drum b to the warf of the
spindle, the speed at which the spindle s¹ is driven being sufficient to cause the
bobbin 8, when the thread is winding upon its smallest diameter, to wind up the
thread as fast as it is delivered by the drum b, but when the material increases upon
the bobbin it slips upon its cup so that the winding is performed by "drag" at a
uniform speed, that is, as fast as it is delivered by the drum b.. When a thread
breaks both the drum b and spindle s! are stopped.
Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate another modification for doubling and winding, being a
combination of the arrangement shown by Figs. 11 and 12, and Fig. 13. The
detector mechanism and mode of stopping the drum b is similar to that shown by
Figs. 11 and 12; and the mode of 'winding up the doubled thread and driving the

page_text: winding spindle is similar to that shown by Fig. 13. In Figs. 14 and 15 the drum b
is supposed to be driven by bevel friction wheels f¹ and b
The united threads, after passing the detector wires a, pass against one side of
a grooved pulley bs on a vertical axis, then round the drum b, and then round
another groove of the pulley 63, under the hook x, and over the transverse rod s² to
the bobbin 8.
Fig. 16 illustrates a winding or doubling and winding arrangement, where thic
drag drum bis dispensed with. The mode of driving and the detector and stop
mechanism is similar to that shown in Figs. 14 and 15, but in this case the part b*
corresponding to the drum b has a spindle secured to it, and a cup to drive the
bobbin s. The united threads, after passing the detector wires a, may pass directly
over the traverse rail 8º to the bobbins, but we prefer to first pass it round a pulley
65, perfectly free to rotate on a stud in a bracket secured to a rail or board in any
convenient manner.
In some cases the pulley bo may be made to act as a drag drum (b) by driving
it by a band or tape working upon a pulley or warf upon it, and one upon the
part b
The bobbin, having the thread wound upon it, may be arranged on a vertical
spindle, and driven in the ordinary manner, and a vertical rod may be arranged in
slides, so that its upper end will come under the lower end of the bobbin, but
without touching it, and this rod has or may have a spring or weight acting upon
it to force it upwards, and a latch is arranged to hold the rod down until a thread
breaks, which causes the balanced lever of the detector mechanism to bring an
incline upon it in contact with inclines or teeth on a wheel or part secured upon
the spindle driving the bobbin, which is then lifted and comes against the catch,
which is thus released, and allows the spring to force the upper end of the rod
against the lower head of the bobbin so as to lift it above its driving cup, and thus
stop it.
When the rod is pushed down by a handle from the latch it is again latched,
and this allows the bobbin to come again upon its cup on the spindle.
The drum b, in each of the modifications hercin-before described, is or may be
covered with leather or other suitable material to give more adhesion to the
threads.
We have now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the modes
of carrying the same into effect, and claim as our Invention,-
Firstly. The several combinations and arrangements of stop mechanism for
stopping the rotation of a draw drum (b) when a thread breaks or becomes absent,
substantially as herein-before described, and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, and 12 of the Drawings.
Secondly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for driving spindles,
and stopping and starting them separately, substantially as herein-before described,
and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination and arrangement of mechanisin for stopping each
spindle separately, and a draw roller or rollers when the thread breaks or becomes
absent, substantially as herein-before described, and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7,
8, 9, and 10 of the Drawings.
Fourthly. The combination and arrangement of stop mechanism, with ring and
traveller spinning mechanism, whereby the bobbin or spindle is stopped when a
thread breaks or becomes absent, substantially as herein-before described in reference
to Figs 5 and 6 of the Drawings.
Fifthly. The combination and arrangement whereby the stop mechanism is acted
upon when the threads break or become absent, either before or after passing the
draw drum b, substantially as herein-before described in reference to Figs. 7, 8, 11,
and 12 of the Drawings.
Sixthly. The combination of the mechanism illustrated by Figs. 11 and 12, with
spindles for twisting, substantially as herein-before described.

page_text: Seventhly. The combinations and arrangements of mechanism for winding or
doubling and winding, substantially as herein-before described, and illustrated by
Figs. 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the Drawings.
Eighthly. The combination and arrangement whereby doubling and winding is
performed at a uniform speed by the use of a draw drum b, or a draw drum b and
pulley 63, substantially as herein-before described in reference to Figs. 13, 14, 15,
and 16 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Horrocks, James Horrocks, and Edmund
Whalley, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
JOHN HORROCKS.
(L.S.)
JAMES HORROCKS. (L.S.)
EDWARD WHALLEY. (L.S.)
JOHN HORROCKS.
JAMES HORROCKS.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)
EDWARD WHALLEY. (L.S.)