Improvements in Lamps for Burning Hydrocarbons.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification. Left, 1st Nov., 1890--Accepted, 6th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Burning Hydrocarbons.
A communication from FRIEDRICH GUSTAV BARTHEL, of Nieder-Poyritz, near
Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire, Chemist.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of No. 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to a construction of lamp intended to burn hydro-
carbons especially volatile hydrocarbons in a highly efficient manner. Such a lamp
may be used for cooking, heating and glowing purposes. With benzine in this
lamp a flame can be obtained producing a temperature up to about 1300° C., and
it is therefore well suited for use in laboratories and for industrial purposes such
as hard-soldering, etc.
The lamp is constructed with a vessel herein called the reservoir having an
opening (closed by a screw plug) for filling with hydrocarbon. A pipe (herein
called the central pipe) open at both ends is fixed to the bottom of the reservoir.
This pipe is surrounded above the reservoir by a second pipe (herein called the
intermediate pipe) which by means of a screw fitting air tight at its bottom is
connected to the top part of the reservoir. The space between the central and inter-
mediate pipes is filled by a wick that extends to the bottom of the reservoir.
The intermediate pipe is surrounded by a third pipe (herein called the outer pipe)
which is adjustable in a vertical sense and serves to transmit heat from the lower
part of the flame to the intermediate pipe and through this pipe to the wick. By
adjusting the intermediate pipe which is formed with an upward extension perforated
with holes, the flame may easily be regulated at will.
At its lower end the outer pipe is provided with a dish shaped annular extension
or flange forming a gutter or channel around the said pipe. This gutter or
channel is filled with spirit, which serves when ignited for starting the operation
of the lamp.
The cal pipe has a small branch pipe or nozzle directed to the central part
and eating in a fine pointed aperture, through which issue the hydrocarbon vapours
developed by heating the upper parts of the intermediate and outer pipes. These
vapours issue through the nozzle in a fine jet, and are here well mixed with the
necessary quantity of air, which by the upwardly directed induction is drawn from
below into the central pipe through the perforations of a ring; the mixture, when
ignited, will burn with a blue flame at the top of the central pipe.
The space
between the central and intermediate pipes is closed at top and the mouth of the
central pipe is covered with wire gauze to prevent any inward or back-ignition
and to insure perfect combustion of the issuing mixture.
The above blue flame lamp may, for producing a very large hot flame, be
materially increased by increasing the diameter of the central pipe and by dividing
this pipe vertically into a number of channels. Into each of these it will be
understood a small branch pipe or nozzle must project and the dimensions of the
other parts must be made in proportion.
DS 1900

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Lamps, for Burning Hydrocarbons.
A communication from FRIEDRICH GUSTAV BARTHEL, of Nieder-Poyritz, near
Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire, Chemist.
I, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE, of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of London,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has reference to a construction of lamp intended to burn hydro-
carbons, especially volatile hydrocarbons, in a highly efficient manner.
Such a lamp
may be used for cooking, heating, and glowing purposes. With benzine a flame
can be obtained producing a temperature up to about 1300° C., and the lamp is
therefore well suited for use in laboratories, and for industrial purposes such as
hard soldering &c.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is.a vertical section of a lamp according
to this invention.
This lamp comprises a vessel A hereinafter called the reservoir, having an opening,
closed by a screw plug T for filling with hydrocarbon. A central pipe B open
at both ends is fixed to the bottom of the reservoir. This pipe B is surrounded
above the reservoir by a pipe C, which by means of a screw S fitting air-tight
at its bottom is connected to the top part of the reservoir A. The space between
the pipes B and C is filled by a wick E which extends to the bottom of the
reservoir.
The pipe C is surrounded by a pipe D which is adjustable in a vertical sense
and serves to transmit heat from the lower part of the flame to the pipe C and
through this pipe to the wick E. By adjusting this pipe D whose upper part is
formed with a perforated extension 1, the flame may be easily regulated at will.
At its lower end the pipe D is or may be provided with a dish-shaped annular
extension or flange formed with a gutter or channel around the said pipe. This
gutter or channel is filled with spirit, which serves when ignited, for starting the
operation of the lamp.
The central pipe B has a small branch pipe or nozzle F directed to the central
part and ending in a fine pointed aperture, through which issue the hydrocarbon
vapours developed by heating the upper parts of the pipes C, D. Theseurs issue
through the nozzle F in a fine jet, and become well mixed with the necessary
quantity of air, which by the upwardly directed induction is drawn from below
into the pipe B through the perforations in a ring R as indicated by the arrows.
The misture, when ignited will burn with a blue flame at the top of the central
pipe B. The space between the pipes B and C is closed at the top and the mouth
of the pipe B is covered with wire gauze to prevent any inward or back ignition
and to insure perfect combustion of the issuing mixture.
To produce a greater blue flame, the lamp is enlarged by increasing the diameter
of the pipe B and this pipe is divided vertically into a number of channels. Into
each of these channels a small branch pipe or nozzle F projects and the dimensions
of the other parts of the lamp are proportionately chosen.
Fig. 2 shews in vertical section a modified arrangement. This modification
consists mainly in converting the vertical form of lamp shewn in Fig. 1 into a
horizontal one suitable for soldering and other purposes.
The upper part of the reservoir A in this construction is traversed by the pipe B
which is arranged horizontally and is surrounded at its outer or free end by the
pipe C, which by means of a screw is fitted in an air-tight manner to the upper
part of the reservoir, the annular space between the two pipes being closed at the
outer end as in the construction shewn in Fig. 1. Between the two pipes B and C
is placed the wick E which is split longitudinally and hangs down at its inner end
into the reservoir A as shewn. From the pipe B into the central portion thereof

page_text: projects the nozzle F which has its fine outlet opening directed towards the outlet
end of the pipe B. At the rearward end of the pipe B is a perforated disc, covered
by a perforated adjustable shutter or plate B¹, by which the entrance of air to this
end of the pipe B can be regulated at will. Within the pipe B near its outlet.
end is arranged a pipe I), provided with ribs at its outer side and capable of
horizontal adjustment by means of a rod D². It is advantageous to provide the screw
plug T with a small safety valve as shewn.
To heat the outer pipe C for starting the lamp shown in Fig. 2 any convenient
form of burner, such as a bent wire surrounded by cotton or wool, dipped into spirit
and ignited, can be used. The hydrocarbon in the wick E between the pipes B and C
will by this means be converted into vapour, which will issue under pressure through
the nozzle F, and mix with the air admitted into the pipe B through the shutter or
plate B' the mixture upon leaving the outer end of the pipe B being there ignited.
The heat of the flame thus obtained will then heat the pipes B and C and continue to
convert the liquid hydrocarbon in the wick into vapour, this action of the flame being
regulated at will by varying the position of the inner pipe D. The nearer this pipe
is brought towards the issuing flame, the more heat will be transmitted to the
pipe B.
After igniting. the mixture, the hydrocarbon vapour will burn at the aperture
of the nozzle F and the flame thus obtained may transmit its heat either directly
to the wick space through the tube B or indirectly through the adjustable pipe Ď
when this is used. The mouth of the pipe B may, as in the construction of lamp
shewn in Fig. 1, be covered with wire gauze in which case the lamp flame will burn
at the outer side thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A lamp for burning hydrocarbons especially volatile hydrocarbons such as
alcohol, with a blue flame, in which hydrocarbon vapour is produced by heating
an annular wick (E) placed between concentrically arranged pipes (B and C) and said
vapour issues through a nozzle (F) having a fine outlet aperture, into the central
pipe (B), the continuous heating of the wick-space and pipes being effected and
regulated by the transmission of heat from the flame burning at the outlet end of the
said centrale (B) to a vertically adjustable pipe (D) substantially as hereinabove
describe reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings annexed.
2. The modified construction of lamp wherein the flame which burns directly at the
aperture of the nozzle (F) transmits its heat to the wick space either directly by the
pipe B or by means of a concentrically arranged pipe (D) capable of endways
adjustment within the central pipe (B), the admission of air into the said central pipe
being regulated if desired by an adjustable shutter or device B¹ at the rear end of this
pipe substantially as hereinabove described with reference to Fig. 2 of the drawings
annexed.
Dated this 1st day of November 1890.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham.