IMPROVEMENTS DAD DE OD Dancore Tunne
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Moore, of Brooklyn, in the State of New
York, United States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
DAD DE OD Dancore Tunne"
Sealed the 13th October 1859, and dated the 2nd May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Moore at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
May 1859.
I, DANIEL MOORE, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States
of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RUBBING OR DRESSING TYPES," to be as follows:-
I supply a line of types on to a belt that conveys them into the machine,
and said types are delivered in a regular and automatic manner from a plate,
on to which the belt passes them, and said types are carried to a revolving or
notched "slice plate," which conveys them, letter end first, through between
dressing tools or cutters, that remove by successive cuts the burs or projections
which are left in casting, so that the type bodies are smoothly finished on their
sides, and equalised or made perfectly parallel from end to end. The cutters
themselves are formed of sectional tapering diagonal plates, so that they do
not become clogged with the cuttings from the types.

page_text: Provision is made for conveying away the dust and cuttings, and brushing
the types off clean before they are taken from said notched slice plate, by a
reversing apparatus, which turns the types around and deposits them with the
base downwards into an apparatus, which sets the types up into line ready to
be finished, with a groove in the base as usual. The shape of the cutters, the
distance apart to which they are adjusted, the thickness of the slice plates, and
the other details of the machinery, and the operation of the parts, will be
determined by the thickness and character of types being rubbed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Daniel Moore in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st
October 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
MOORE, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States of America,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of May, A.D. One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Daniel
Moore, Her special license, that I, the said Daniel Moore, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Daniel Moore, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RUBBING OR
DRESSING TYPES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Daniel
Moore, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particu-
larly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Moore, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-

page_text: Fig. 1 is a plan of the machine, with the upper part of one of the cutter
boxes removed.
دو
"
2 is a side view of the delivering or separating fingers that regulate
the delivery of the types to the rubbing apparatus.
3 is a section of the slice plate, shewing also part of the separating
apparatus.
The other Figures are separately referred to, and similar marks of reference
denote the same parts.
My Invention relates to the manner of feeding the types one by one, or in a
regular manner to the automatic device, which takes said types and carries
them, letter end first, through or between cutters that rub or cut and remove
the burrs and projections which remain on the sides of the types and base of
the letters after casting.
My Invention also relates to a device for removing the types from the parts
that have carried said types through the cutters, and receiving said types on an
apparatus that reverses their movement or position, and delivers them with
their base or lower end first on to an apparatus for setting said types up into
line ready for the usual finishing operations.
In the Drawing, a is a bed on legs b, b; and c is a type table of suitable
size and character, on to which the types to be rubbed are placed; d is a fly
wheel on a shaft e set in bearings on the under side of the bed a, and carrying
a pinion f to a gear wheel g, on the side of which is a cam wheel h acting
alternately to elevate the fingers that detain and deliver the types into the
machine; i, i, are two small rock shafts in bearings i, and fitted with arms i
that rest on the cam wheel h, and are moved thereby; k, k, are springs acting
to keep the ends of the arms to the cam wheel h. On the ends of the rock
shafts i, i, vertical and horizontal slide rests 1, 1, are attached, and provided
with adjusting screws 1, 1, and from these slide rests respectively the spring-
detaining finger m and type-delivering finger n extend, and the position and
action of these fingers can consequently be adjusted and regulated according
to the size and thickness of the types, so as to deliver the same to the machine
in the manner hereafter set forth. o is a belt over pulleys, with its upper
surface level with the type table c, and travelling in the direction of the arrow;
p is a fixed thin plate, which I call the "dead plate ;" it passes from the belt o
to the cross centre line of the revolving disc r, which carries the types to the
apparatus that moves said types through between the cutters; 9 is a bar above
and parallel to the surface of the belt o, and this rod or bar acts to keep the
types from riding over each other as they are laid on, and moved forward by
the belt o in the manner shewn; and this bars q is adjustable vertically to

page_text: adapt it to different thicknesses of types by means of a slotted plate q', moved
either way by a screw 3, and having inclined slots acting on the bolts 2, 2,
which pass from the said bar g through vertical slots in the fixed stock 92, and
through the wedge slots in the aforesaid plate q. s is a mitre gear on the
shaft e, giving motion to the pinion r', and this rotates the carrying disc r
before mentioned, and also the wheel s' that is formed with a long sleeve over
the fixed centre stud 4 (see Fig. 3); and t is a slice plate, formed as shewn
in Fig. 1, with notches in its periphery on a tangential line, so that the types
fed into said slots are carried forward with the letter end first, and the
power to drive such types through the cutters is applied at the centre part of
the base at the part afterwards grooved out, thereby the edges of the type
upon which it stands in the form are uninjured. The inner angles of these
notches are removed, as shewn, for the above purpose. This slice plate is
kept to the wheel s' by a nutt', and the whole is adjusted vertically when
necessary by the screw t² acting at the end of the stud 4.
u is the raceway,
over which the slices carry the types to the cutters; u¹ is a section in the
raceway u contiguous to the plate r, which is adjustable by a screw 5, so that
only the necessary width on its upper surface to support the type in the slice
is left, and consequently any extra or misplaced type falls away at this point.
The operation thus far is as follows:-The attendant assorts the types as
they lie on the table c in a line, as shewn, with the bases against the gauge,
and the types lying on their sides; this line of types is then pressed along on
to the belt o and beneath the bar q, and the belt forces said types along over
the dead plate p, said plate being formed with inclined corners passing below
the surface of the belt on each side thereof, as shewn. The delivering finger n
is so adjusted that there is a space of one type between it and the end of the
dead plate, hence the belt o forces the types along, and the last one is on the
plater against the finger n; the spring detainer m then comes down on
the last type on the dead plate p, and prevents the further motion of the types
while the finger n raises, and the type on the plate r is carried by it across to
the slice plate, and the parts are so timed and adjusted that each type reaches
the edge of the slice plate in time to be taken into the notch or opening (s),
and these movements continuing the notches or openings in the slice plate are
filled with unerring precision.
The cutters which I make use of are shewn in the plan, Fig. 1, and in
section, Fig. 5, and end view, Fig. 6; and I apply one, two, or more pairs of
cutters; I have, however, shewn two pairs. In these cutters I make use of
steel plates attached by the clamping plate v¹ within the cutter block v, or
by any other suitable means. The cutter plates u in both the upper and

page_text: lower cutters are made as shewn in Fig. 7, with the cutting edge at a slightly
acute angle on the edge of the plate, and the sides of the plates coming
together are dressed away so as to leave a wedge-shape opening between the
plates similar to the mouth of a carpenter's plane, in order that the shreds or
cuttings of metal removed from the types may freely pass away and not
become clogged. These cutters being set together in the form shewn, present
a series of edges for the removal of the burrs and projections on the types
passing between them, and the cuttings are freely passed away.
The lower blocks of each pair of cutters is attached by means of a slide
rest v², through which screws 7, 7, pass, having heads above said slide rest,
and a turning square formed at the point of the screw beneath the bed.
6, 6, 6, 6, are screws taking beneath the block v, and adjusting the same to
the exact level required. By tightening the screws 7, 7, the blocks and cutters
will be clamped immovably in place, but when said screws 7, 7, are loosened
the blocks and cutters can be slid along on the rest v² to bring a different and
sharp portion of the cutters to act on the types. The upper cutting plates v³
are formed the same as u², and are attached in the blocks * by the clamping
plate v. 8, 8, are screws attaching the upper and lower cutters; and are
adjusting blocks having screws 9, 9, passing through them; these blocks v
are on each side of the block v', and the screws 9 pass freely in holes through
v, and have their threads in v. In order to adjust these cutters I allow them
to rest on each other, and then screw in the screws 9, 9, until the upper cutter
is supported with the edges of the cutters u² and v³ exactly coinciding; I then
lift the block v off of ve sufficiently to introduce a strip or gauge on each side
the exact thickness of the type to be dressed, and upon turning the screws 8, 8,
the cutter blocks and cutters are rigidly retained in exactly the desired position.
In order to cause the types to enter the cutters correctly aud not be tipped
sideways by projections at the base of the letters, I make use of a stock 30
set on a gudgeon 31, with a spring 32 to keep it in place; and 33 is an
adjustable holder or plate rounded at its edges, and this holder is so adjusted
that just the thickness of the type is left between the raceway and the end
thereof; hence, as the projection of the letter passes this holder is turned
up, and then springs back, and holds the type level as it enters the cutters.
A thin sheet metal trough may be used to convey away the cuttings through
a hole in the bed, as at 34. It will be apparent that the cutter-plates should
be ground to a true bevel guage, and that the last cutting edges should be
slightly closer together than those first acting on the types. These cutter.
plates may be retained and adjusted by a variety of different devices, although
that shewn is believed to be the best.

page_text: After the cutting is perfected, and while the type are in the slice plate, any
cuttings are brushed away from the type and off the plate by a revolving
brush u, on a vertical spindle 10, that derives its motion from the gears w
&w, that work into the wheel s¹. y is a sectional reversing plate that is
revolved by the train of gears a¹, x², ³, and is adjusted vertically by a
screw y, so that the said plate y is as much below the slice plate t as the
thickness of the type being rubbed, so that as said type drops out of the
slice on to the reversing plate, the type is entirely clear of said slice below it.
This reversing plate is formed with three or more projecting sections and
intermediate openings, and these sections pass beneath the small plate at
the end of the raceway u, and the parts are so timed, that one section of the
plate y comes under each type as it drops out thereof by passing the end of
the raceway, or is knocked out of said slice by the delivery lever y', as here-
after set forth. y² is an arm with a collar around the centre of the reversing
plate y, and a screw by which the parts are connected, but the plate y allowed
to revolve, while the arm y2 is held stationary in a stud 11, that is slotted to
allow the arm to move vertically with the plate y when adjusted as aforesaid.
The lever y has its fulcrum on this arm y, and 16, 16, 16, are cam pro-
jections on the surface of the wheel or plate y, which acting on the heel piece
15, throw the end of the lever y¹ down on to the type to force the same out of
the slice, and ensure its delivery on to the section of the wheel y; 17 is a
screw through the rear of this lever y¹ to adjust the lever, and regulate the
point to which its forward end descends, and 18 is a spring to throw up the
lever y¹ again.
As the types are carried around on the sections of the reversing plate y,
they pass between the curved raceway 12, one side of which is attached and
adjusted at 14, and the other side is adjusted by the spring and screw 13, so
that the type occupies the correct position, and passing through the whole
machine thus far letter end first, the letter comes up against the part 19,
where a facing of wood or other material arrests the motion of the type
without injury to the same, and the section of the plate y moving away from
under it, said type is delivered base first on to any suitable apparatus for setting
said types up into line.
The apparatus which I have used for this purpose consists of a trough z,
having a slight twist, so that the types become inclined as they are forced
along therein and pass into a type-stick fitted into the holder z¹. 20, 20, are
springs against the sides of the types to hold the line up; 21 is the incline
(see side view, Fig. 4,) on to which the types pass as the section of the
plate y passes from beneath them; said types slide down this incline 21 into

page_text: the trough z, where they are set up into line, and the line forced along, the
thickness of the type thus added by means of an oscillating cam 22 on a shaft
with a pinion 23, deriving a partial rotary movement from the rack 24. This
rack 24 is connected to a slide 25, sustained in the studs 28, 28, with a roller
at its end acted on by the cams 27, that are attached to the gear wheel w'
(that also carries the revolving brush w³,) and a spring 29 keeps the roller 26
to the cams 27. 49 is a side acting spring retainer, that is formed with an
inclined projection contiguous to the cam 22, so that as this cam comes up
and forces the types along, this retainer is pressed sideways away from the
types, and as' said cam 22 retires, this spring retainer 49 comes up against the
side of the last type to prevent it falling back again.
In Fig. 8 I have shewn a portion of the slice plate with a variation I have
made for rubbing two, three, or more types side by side; the operation of this
will be apparent, and to use it all that is required is, that the cutters and race-
way be sufficiently wide, and that the alternately acting fingers' m and n be so
adjusted that the desired number of types will be left on the plate or disc 1
each alternate action of said fingers.
When more convenient, the edges of the slice plate may be formed as
shewn in Fig. 9, in which instance the cutting operation tends to force the.
types into the angle, and the outside lip or projection is dispensed with; 'this
effect is attained when the notches of the slice place stand at any angle to the
centre thereof between the radial and tangential lines. In some cases, where
a type has a projection on opposite sides of the base of the letter which would
cause the type to lie over sideways or inclined in the slice, and by entering the
cutters in this manner, causes the body of the type to be injured or not dressed
squarely, I may provide, when required, an adjustable roller located at the
mouth of the cutters in place of the spring gauge 33, the same being revolved
once for each type that passes beneath it by a suitable gear, and said roller is
to have a portion removed so that the letter passes at this point, and then the
roller coming around on to the body of the type, brings it level on the race-
way, and so passes it into the cutters. When desired, my revolving brush or
its equivalent may be fitted to act on both sides of the types to remove aný
cuttings or particles of metal that might adhere to either the types or slice
plate.
Having thus described my said Invention, and shewn the manner of con-
structing and operating the same, what I claim as my Invention, and desire
to secure by Letters Patent is,-
First, constructing the slices t with openings to receive the type at such an
angle relatively with the direction in which said slices move, that the cutters:

page_text: shall commence to act at the letter end of the type carried by said slices, and
that the cutting operation shall tend to force the bottom of the type into said
angle, and thereby retain the type in place in said slice, in the manner and for
the purposes specified.
Second, I claim constructing the slicest in such a manner (as at s²) that the 5
power to force the type in an endways direction, or nearly so, through the
cutters shall be applied at or near the middle of the bottom end of the type,
for the purposes and as specified.
Third, feeding the types into the machine by the band o, in combination
with the dead plate p, and an apparatus for regulating the delivery of said 1
types from the dead plate, as set forth.
Fourth, I claim the bar 9, in combination with the feeding band o and
dead plate p, to prevent the types overriding each other as fed along into the
machine, substantially as specified.
Fifth, I claim the combination of the carrying plater with the slice 1
plate t, carrying the type endways through the cutters when said types
are delivered on to the plater by suitable automatic means, so that said
plate presents the same in the proper position to be taken by the slices, as
described and shown.
Sixth, I claim the retaining and delivering fingers, alternately raised and
depressed, to regulate the delivery of the types into the machine, substantially
as specified.
Seventh, I claim the arrangement of the slide rests, rock shafts, and cams
for adjusting and giving motion to the said retaining and delivering fingers, as
set forth.
Eighth, I claim the holder 33, or its equivalent, at the entrance of the
cutters, to cause the types to pass properly into said cutters, as specified.
Ninth, I claim the cutters substantially as specified, composed of several
cutting edges to remove the burrs and projections from the types, and dress
such types to an uniform size and shape, as set forth.
Tenth, I claim arranging the cutters in blocks, adjustable by screws or
their equivalents, in the manner substantially as specified, so that said
cutters can be adapted to operating on various thicknesses of types, as set
forth.
Eleventh, I claim the adjustable revolving brushes to remove any cuttings
from the types and slice plate as specified.
Twelfth, I claim the revolving plate or disc y to receive the types from the
slice plate, and reverse the same, as specified, in their delivery to a suitable
apparatus for setting up in line.
5

page_text: Thirteenth, I claim the guides or curved raceway 12, 12, and the wood or
elastic arresting surface, in combination with the sectional reversing plate, as
set forth.
Fourteenth, I claim the combination of the delivering lever y¹, with the
slice plate t and sectional reversing plate y, for the purposes and as specified.
Fifteenth, I claim the oscillating cam 22, in combination with the springs
20 and 49, and trough z, for the purposes and as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Moore, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of October, A.D. One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witnesses,
LEMUEL W. SERRELL,
121, Nassau St., New York.
CHA³. H. SMITH,
121, Nassau St., New York.
DANIEL MOORE. (LS.)