Improvements in the Vaporization of Volatile Liquids for the Destruction of Insects and in Apparatus for the Vaporization of Volatile Liquids for the said Purpose and for other Purposes.
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in the Vaporization of Volatile Liquids for the
Destruction of Insects and in Apparatus for the Vaporization
of Volatile Liquids for the said Purpose and for other Purposes.
We CHARLES EDWARD HEARSON of No. 31 Coburg Road in the County of Surrey
Engineer and BENJAMIN FIELD of Swan Place Old Kent Road in the County of
Surrey Fellow of the Royal Horticultural Socioty do hereby declare the nature of
this Invention to be as follows:
green-
In the vaporization of liquids for the destruction of insects on plants in
houses conservatories and the like the required liquid has never heretofore been
vaporized otherwise than by the heat produced by the combustion of coal or coke in
apparatus situated outside the building the reason for placing the vaporizing apparatus
outside the building being to avoid the injury to the plants which would be produced
by the sulphur compounds present in the products of combustion of the fuel used if
the said apparatus were placed inside the building. The placing of the apparatus
outside the building is inconvenient and the apparatus heretofore used is objectionable
in use on account of the attention which it requires while in action. These
objections are obviated by our Invention herein after described.
In order to avoid the necessity for placing the apparatus outside the building we
vaporize the required liquid by the heat produced by combustion of a liquid hydro-
carbon such as paraffine oil or by combustion of charcoal or of other matter the
combustion of which does not yield sulphur compounds.
The apparatus which we prefer to use for vaporizing the required liquid by means
of the heat produced by the combustion of a liquid hydrocarbon (which apparatus
constitutes part of our invention) consists of a lamp or vessel containing the liquid
bydrocarbon provided with a suitable burner or burners which vessel forms the base
of the apparatus and carries a support or supports in which a vessel for containing the
liquid to be vaporized rests the said vessel having a flue or flues formed in it which
constitutes or constitute the chimney or chimneys of the lamp burner or burners or
the passages by which the products of combustion pass from the flame or flames of
the lamp.

page_text: In order to render attention to the apparatus while it is in action unnecessary we
charge the vessel in which the liquid to be vaporized is placed and the lamp in such
relative proportions that the whole of the liquid in the lamp may be consumed before
the whole of the liquid in the said vessel is vaporized.
Where we use charcoal or other solid matter as fuel in the apparatus we substitute
for the lamp a suitably formed basket or receptacle for such fuel the products of
combustion from which pass through the flue or flues in the vaporizing vessel.
The apparatus herein before described in which a liquid hydrocarbon is used is
applicable for use in the vaporization of volatile liquids for medical and hygienic
purposes such as the vaporization of water for moistening the atmosphere for
respiration by persons suffering from bronchitis and in the vaporization of
disinfectants.
Dated this Eighteenth day of January 1887.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in the Vaporization of Volatile Liquids for the
Destruction of Insects and in Apparatus for the Vaporization
of Volatile Liquids for the said Purpose and for other Purposes.
We (HARLES EDWARD HEARSON of No. 31 Coburg Road in the County of Surrey
Engineer and BENJAMIN FIELD of Swan Place Old Kent in the County of
Surrey Fellow of the Royal Horticultural Society do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
In the vaporization of liquids for the destruction of insects on plants in green-
houses conservatories and the like the required liquid has never heretofore been
vaporized otherwise than by the heat produced by the combustion of coal or coke in
apparatus situated outside the building the reason for placing the vaporizing
apparatus outside the building being to avoid the injury to the plants which would be
produced by the sulphur compounds present in the products of combustion of the
fuel used if the said apparatus were placed inside the building. The pacing of the
apparatus outside the building is inconvenient and the apparatus heretofore used is
objectionable in use on account of the attention which it requires while in action.
These objections are obviated by our Invention hereinafter described.

page_text: In order to avoid the necessity for placing the apparatus outside the building we
vaporize the required liquid by the heat produced by combustion of a liquid hydro-
carbon such as paraffine oil or by combustion of charcoal or of other matter the
combustion of which does not yield sulphur compounds.
The apparatus which we prefer to use for vaporizing the required liquid by means
of the heat produced by the combustion of a liquid hydro carbon (which apparatus
constitutes part of our invention) consists of a lamp or receptacle for containing the
liquid hydrocarbon provided with a suitable burner or burners and arranged in the
lower part of a suitably formel stand or support in which a vessel for containing
the liquid to be vaporized rests the said vessel having a flue or flues formed in
it which constitutes or constitute the chimney or chimneys of the lamp burner
or burners or the passages by which the products of combustion pass from the flame
or flames of the lamp.
An apparatus constructed as herein before described is illustrated in Figures 1 and
of the accompanying drawings Figure 1 being an elevation and Figure 2 a vertical
section taken on the line X Figure 1. The same letters of reference indicate the
same parts in all the Figures of the drawings. ab is the lamp a being the receptacle
for containing the liquid fuel and the burner, e is the stand or support in the lower
part of which the lamp a b is arranged the said lamp being supported by means of a
Hange con which a flange a¹ formed on the receptacle a rests. The vessel for
containing the liquid to be vaporized consists of the parts d d the inner part d'
being the flue which constitutes the chimney of the lamp burner b. The vessel d d¹
is divided by a diaphragm e into two compartments which communicate with each
other by means of openings e ee² e² the object of the said diaphragm being to
prevent the liquid contained in the vessel d d from boiling over and escaping from
the said vessel while being vaporized.
In order to render attention to the apparatus while it is in action unnecessary we
charge the vessel d d and the receptacle a of the lamp in such relative proportions
that the whole of the liquid in the lamp may be consumed before the whole of
the liquid in the said vessel is vaporized. For this purpose we make the
vessel d d of such capacity that it will contain more liquid than can be vaporized by
the consumption of a full charge of liquid fuel in the receptacle a of the lamp a b
and we prefer to charge the said vessel d d by means of a measure of sufficient
capacity to contain the exact quantity of liquid required which quantity depends on
the nature of the liquid to be vaporized and should be ascertained by experiment.
Or we mark or graduate the interior of the vessel d d and charge it to the level of
one or other of the marks according to the kind of liquid selected for use.
In using the apparatus the vessel dd is first charged and the lamp a. b is then
lighted, and put in place as shown in the said Figures I and 2.
Where desirable the lamp may be provided with two or more burners and the
vessel in which the liquid is vaporized may be provided with two or more flues.
Where we use charcoal or other solid matter as fuel in the apparatus we dispense
with the lamp and arrange in the said apparatus a suitably formed receptacle or
support for such fuel the products of combustion from which pass through the flue
or flues in the vaporizing vessel.
Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section corresponding to the
section Figure 2 showing an arrangement of the apparatus in which provision is
made for the use of charcoal or other solid fuel in place of liquid fuel the said solid
fuel which is marked being supported by a grid g having legs gi g' which rest on
the flange c'. h is a cup which is arranged in the lower part of the apparatus in the
saine manner as the receptacle a of the lamp shown in Figures 1 and 2. When the
apparatus is to be used the vessel d d' is charged with the liquid to be vaporized and
spirit or other readily inflammable liquid is placed in the cup and ignited the flame
from which ignites the fuel f. As the fuel is consumed it descends in the flue d¹ and
the ash passes into the cup h. Where desirable a vessel containing two or more flues
may be arranged for use with solid fuel.
The apparatus hereinbefore described in which a liquid hydrocarbon is used is

page_text: applicable for use in the vaporization of volatile liquids for medical and hygienic
puposes such as the vaporization of water for moistening the atmosphere for respiration
by persons suffering from bronchitis and in the vaporization of disinfectants.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our Invention of
"Improvements in the vaporization of volatile liquids for the destruction of insects
and in apparatus for the vaporization of volatile liquids for the said purpose and for
other purposes" and in what manner the same is to be performed we claim as our
said Invention
First The vaporization of liquids for the destruction of insects by the heat pro-
duced by the combustion of liquid hydro carbons or charcoal or other matter the
combustion of which does not yield sulphur compounds.
Secondly Apparatus for use in the vaporization of liquids for the destruction of
insects consisting essentially of arrangements admitting of the combustion of fuel
therein and of a receptacle for containing the liquid to be vaporized having a flue or
flues formed in it for conveying the products of combustion of the said fuel from the
said apparatus.
Thirdly Apparatus for use in the vaporization of liquids for the purposes herein
before referred to consisting of a vessel for containing the liquid to be vaporized and
having a flue or flues formed in it and so arranged relatively to a lamp that the
products of combustion therefrom may pass through the said flue or flues.
Fourthly In apparatus for use in the vaporization of liquids for the purposes
herein before referred to by the heat produced by the combustion of liquid hydro-
carbons a receptacle for containing the liquid to be vaporized having a passage or
passages formed in it for conveying the products of combustion from the apparatus.
Fifthly Apparatus for use in the vaporization of liquids for the purposes herein
before referred to consisting of a receptacle for containing the liquid to be vaporized
arranged in combination with a receptacle for fuel the said receptacles being of such
relative capacity that the former is capable of containing a greater quantity of the
liquid than can be vaporized by the combustion of a full charge of fuel in the latter.
Dated this Seventeenth day of October 1887.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.