Improvements in Machines for Grinding Knife Blades and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Grinding Knife Blades and
the like.
I REGINALD HADDAN of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co. of 18 Buckingham
Street, Strand, W.C. London, Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, a communication to me from abroad by Horace Stephen Buckland,
Attorney-at-Law and Manufacturer of Fremont, in the County of Sandusky, and
State of Ohio, United States of America, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in grinding machines more especially
designed for grinding knife blades to form the cutting edge of the blades, and the
invention consists in certain features of construction, and in combinations of parts
hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.
A preferable construction of machine embodying this invention is illustrated in
the accompanying drawings, wherein
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machine, portions being broken away and in
section in said figure to more clearly show the construction, ground and unground
blanks being shown in position in the work holder of the machine, one, W of the
blanks, being operated upon by the grinding surface, others W', not having yet
reached the grinding surface, one, W2 having been brought into position ready to
be removed from the work holder, and three of the work holding pockets in the
work holder being vacant or ready for the reception of a blade to be ground.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation, mostly in vertical section, on line 3-3, Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an end elevation, looking from the end of the machine at which the
work holder is located.
Referring to the drawings, A designates the supporting frame of the machine,
and B the driving shaft that is arranged horizontally of the machine and has
suitable bearing in boxes C1, C¹, that are rigid with standards C borne by the
supporting frame, said shaft being shown provided with a driving pulley b between
boxes C', C. Said shaft extends from one end to near the central portion of the
machine, and is provided, at its inner end, with the holder of the grinding substance.
Said holder consists preferably of a disk or plate D that is operatively mounted, in
any approved manner upon the inner end of the driving shaft, and, at its periphery,
is provided with an annular flange or rin d projecting laterally in the direction of
the work-holder hereinafter referred to, thereby forming a chamber for the
reception of the grinding substance.
A ring E of emery is preferably employed to present the grinding surface, and
this ring is adjustably secured within the chamber of the holder by means of
screws e, the work, in the machine illustrated, being designed to be ground upon
the outer annular face of said ring and the latter being adjustable endwise upon
loosening the aforesaid screws to accommodate the wear of the grinding surface,
and being again secured in the desired adjustment by retightening the screws.
grinding surface revolving in a vertical plane is thus provided and said surface is
preferably just wide enough to grind the side of the blank te he ground as
required to form a knife blade having a cutting edge, or perhaps, a little wider..
A

page_text: The work holder, in the machine illustrated, is arranged in a horizontal plane
and is consequently rotated, as will hereinafter appear, in a plane at right angles
to the plane of revolution of the grinding surface.
The work-holder, as shown very clearly in Fig. 3 comprises a horizontally
arranged disk or plate G that is provided with a hub G¹ operatively mounted, in
any approved manner upon the upper end of the upright shaft G2 that has suitable
bearing in a horizontally movable carriage or slide H and is operatively connected,
as will hereinafter appear, with the driving shaft in such a manner as to cause the
work holder to be rotated at a desirable speed relative to the speed given to the
grinding surface. The speed of the work-holder, of course, should be very slow as
compared with the speed of the grinding surface, and the work and grinding surface
are preferably caused to revolve in opposite directions, respectively, as the arrows
upon the drawings indicate. Disk or plate G, at its periphery, is provided with a
laterally and downwardly-projecting annular flauge or rim g thereby forming a
chamber within the work holder. Annular flange or rim g of the work-holder,
upon its outer side and at suitable intervals, is provided with grooves or pockets gi
designed to receive the work to be ground, said grooves or pockets, in the case illus-
trated, being vertically arranged and extending transversely of said flange or rim and
being open at the upper end for the reception of the work. Flange or rim g at the
lower ends of the work-holding-pockets, is provided with an annular groove or
recess 92, designed for a purpose that will hereinafter appear, and the work is
adapted to rest upon the lower wall or annular recess 9. The work holding
pockets have such shape in cross section that when the work is placed therein, so
much of the work, as is to be ground away, shall protrude at the external periphery
of the work holder, and consequently, if it is desired to form a knife blade from a
bar of metal quadrangular in section, as in the case illustrated, the work-holding
pockets should be so shaped in cross section that a cutting edge shall be formed
upon the bar of metal during the grinding operation. The arrangement of the.
work holder, relative to the grinding surface, is such that the blank shall be
ground as required during the grinding operation, and so as to form the requisite
length of cutting edge.
Means acting in the direction to retain the work within the pockets of the work
holder from the time of the insertion of the work into the respective pocket to the
time of the engagement of the work by the grinding surface, is provided, and
consists preferably of a longitudinally movable bar K provided in suitable
proximity to each of the work holding pockets. That is, there are as many of
said bars as there are work holding pockets, and said bars are arranged radially of
the work holder, and extend easily through radially arranged holes 9³ in the
annular flange or rim g of said holder. Each of bars K at its outer extremity, at
the outer periphery of the work holder, is provided with a head K' adapted to
engage the outer side of the work and a spring K' is confined upon each bar K
between the internal periphery of rim or flange 9 of the work holder and a
shoulder K³ formed upon bar K, said spring acting in the direction to cause the
head of the respective spring-bearing-bar to bear against the outer side of the work
and retain the latter in position within the respective pocket of the work holder,
and heads K¹ of bars K are preferably notched or recessed, as at K*, to conform to
the protruding part of the work. The arrangement of parts, of course, is such.
that heads K of bars K do not engage that portion of the work that is ground,
but that portion that forms the shank of the blade. The work is introduced into
the work holding pockets, preferably at a point approximately diametrically
opposite the point at which the work engages the grinding surface, and some
suitable means adapted to bear more firmly upon the work before the latter reaches
or comes into engagement with the grinding surface, and thereby more positively
press the work against said seat in the work holding pocket, is preferably provided at
a point intermediate between the place at which the work is introduced into the
work-holding-pocket and the point at which it comes into engagement with the
grinding surface, and said additional work engaging device consists preferably of

page_text: a spring L shown secured to an upright post that is rigid with the supporting
frame of the machine, said spring being adapted to engage the outer side of the
work and firmly press the same against its seat in the respective work holding
pocket, the spring having such location that it shall perform its function preparatory
to the engagement of the work by the grinding surface.
Suitable means for actuating bars K outwardly at the point where the work is
introduced into the work-holding pockets to enlarge the space between the head of
the bars and the respective work-holding-pocket and thereby facilitate the intro-
duction of the work into the pocket, is provided and consists preferably of a
relatively stationary incline M that is provided in any suitable manner, such for
instance, as upon an upwardly projecting lug H' on carriage or slide H, the
location and trend of said incline being such that the inner extremities of movable
bars K, during the revolution of said bars, shall come into engagement with said
incline and be thereby pushed outwardly, to enlarge the space between the heads of
the bars and the respective work holding pockets and thereby, as already indicated,
facilitate the introduction of the work.
Suitable means for automatically effecting the discharge of the work after being
ground, as hereinbefore described, is provided, and is preferably as follows:-At
any suitable point between the place at which the work is ground and the place at
which the work is introduced into the respective work holding pocket, is located a
relatively stationary incline N that is also provided in any suitable manner, such
for instance as upon a lug H2 formed upon carriage or slide H and whose location
and trend is such that the bars K shall, during their revolution, between the point
of grinding and the place of introducing the work, be engaged by said incline and
pushed outwardly and thereby separate the heads of said bars from the work,
permitting the latter to be positively removed from the respective pocket by means
of a stationary finger O that extends into recess 92 and is adapted to engage
back-side of the work, the location of said finger being adjacent to the point where
heads K of bars K are separated from the work by means of incline N, aud said
finger being arranged at such an angle or inclination to the periphery of the work
holder that the work shall be positively removed from the respective pocket during
the further revolution of the work, annular recess g² in the work-holder having the
depth required to accommodate the location of the free end of work removing
finger O at the inner side of the path through which the work is revolved.
the
As already indicated, the work holder is borne by a carriage or slide H and said
slide or carriage is adjustable toward and from the grinding surface, said slide or
carriage being constructed to engage guide ways a formed upon and arranged
longitudinally upon the supporting frame.
Said carriage or slide is operatively connected in any approved manner with a
screw P that engages the threads of a nut Q rigid with the supporting frame and
terminates at its outer end, in a hand-wheel P for turning the screw. Hence, it
will be observed that the slide or carriage, and consequently the work holder, is
adjustable toward and from the grinding surface according as screw O is turned in
the one direction or the other.
As already indicated, upright shaft G is operatively connected with driving
shaft B and the means employed for establishing said operative connection is
preferably as follows:-A worm-wheel G³ is operatively mounted upon shaft G³
below slide or carriage H and meshes with a worm R formed upon a shaft R' that
is supported by the supporting frame in any approved manner and is operatively
connected, for instance, by means of a suitable system of shafting, pulleys and
belting, with driving shaft B preferably in such a manner as to cause the grinding
surface and work to be revolved in the directions indicated by the arrows, and the
length of worm R, of course, is such as to accommodate the movement of worm
wheel in the adjustment of the work holder relative to the grinding surface.
I would here remark that it is obvious that the construction and arrangement of
parts comprising this improved machine, might be changed more or less without
departing from the spirit and purpose of this invention.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a grinding machine, a suitably supported revoluble ring of grinding
substance and a rotating work holder provided with pockets for receiving the work
to be ground, the arrangement of parts being such that the work shall be ground
upon the exposed annular face of the grinding ring, substantially as set forth.
2. In a grinding machine, the combination with a suitably rotated work holder
provided with pockets for receiving the work to be ground, of a suitably rotated
disc or plate provided with an annular flange or rim projecting laterally in the
direction of the work holder and a ring of grinding substance adjustably secured
within said annular flange or rim substantially as set forth.
3. In a grinding machine, a suitably rotated grinding surface and work 'holder
arranged at right angles to each other, the work holder having pockets for receiving
the work, and suitable means for adjusting the work holder relative to the grinding
surface substantially as set forth.
4. In a grinding machine, the combination of a suitably supported revoluble
grinding surface and a suitably supported rotary work holder provided with pockets
for receiving the work to be ground, suitable means for retaining the work within
the pockets between the place at which the work is introduced and the point at
which the work is ground, and suitable means for automatically effecting the
discharge of the work after the grinding operation, substantially as set forth.
5. In a grinding machine, the combination with a suitably supported rotary
grinding surface and a suitably supported work holder for conducting the work to
the grinding surface and provided with pockets for holding the work, of a longitu-
dinally movable bar adjacent to each work holding pocket, said bar being provided
with a head adapted to engage the outer side of the work and retain the latter in
place within the respective work holding pocket, a spring acting to retain said
head in its operative position, and suitable means for actuating said bar outwardly
at the place at which the work is introduced, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
6. In a grinding machine, the combination with a suitably supported rotary
grinding surface and a suitably actuated work holder provided with pockets for
receiving the work to be ground and adapted to conduct the work to the grinding
surface, of a longitudinally movable bar adjacent to each work holding pocket, said
bar being provided with a head adapted to engage the outer side of the work and
retain the latter in place within the respective work holding pocket, suitable means
acting to retain said head in its operative position, and a suitably supported spring
located at any suitable point between the place at which the work is introduced into
the work holding pocket and the point at which the grinding operation takes place,
said spring being adapted to bear upon the work as the latter is revolved past the
spring and thereby positively and firmly seat the work in the respective work holding
pocket preparatory to the grinding operation, substantially as set forth.
7. In a grinding machine, the combination with a suitably actuated grinding
surface and a suitably actuated work-holder provided with pockets for receiving the
work to be ground and adapted to conduct the work to the grinding surface, of a
longitudinally movable bar adjacent to each work holding pocket, said bar being
provided with a head adapted to engage the outer side of the work and retain the
latter in place within the respective work-holding-pocket, suitable means acting to
retain said head in its operative position, a relatively stationary incline M located
adjacent the point at which the work is introduced into the work holding pocket,
the location and trend of said incline being such that the aforesaid headed bar
shall, during the movement of the work holder, engage said incline and be
actuated outwardly thereby preparatory to the delivery of the work to the work
holder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8. In a grinding machine, the combination of a suitably supported rotary

page_text: grinding surface and a suitably supported rotary work holder provided with an
annular rim or ring 9 having, upon its external periphery and at suitable intervals,
recesses or pockets for receiving the work to be ground, means for engaging the
outer side of the work and holding the latter to its seat in the respective work
holding pocket preparatory. to its engagement with the grinding surface, and means
for automatically effecting the discharge of the work after the grinding operation
substantially as set forth.
9. In a grinding machine the combination with a suitably actuated grinding
surface and a suitably actuated work holder provided with pockets for receiving
the work to be ground and adapted to convey the work to the grinding surface, of a
longitudinally movable bar adjacent to each work holding pocket, said bar being
provided with a head adapted to engage the outer side of the work and retain the
latter in place within the respective work-holding-pocket, suitable means acting to
retain said head in its operative position, a suitably located finger or suitable device
for engaging the back-side of the work and automatically discharging the work from
the respective pocket after the grinding operation and a relatively stationary
incline N having such location relative to said discharging-device and path of
travel of the aforesaid headed bar and having such trend that it shall be engaged
by said bar and thereby actuate the latter outwardly preparatory to the operation
of the aforesaid discharging-device, substantially as and for the purpose set forth..
10. In a grinding machine, the combination of a suitably supported rotary
grinding surface; a suitably supported rotary work holder provided with an annular
ring or rim 9 having upon its external periphery recesses or pockets ¹ for receiving
the work to be ground and the annular recess g² at one end of said pockets, said
annular. recess having a greater depth than the work holding pockets; means for
engaging the outer side of the work and holding the latter to its seat in the respective
work-holding-pocket preparatory to its engagement with the grinding surface; a
finger or suitable device extending into said annular recess at the inner side of the
path of the travel of the work during the revolution of the latter from the grinding-
surface and adapted to eject the work from the work-holder, and suitable means for
causing the aforesaid work-holding means to release the work after the grinding
operation to enable the aforesaid ejecting-device to perform its function, substantially
as set forth.
11. In a grinding machine, the combination of the supporting frame, a suitably
rotated grinding surface, a work-holder-bearing-slide or carriage movable toward or
from the grinding surface, a nut rigid with the supporting frame, a screw engaging
said nut and operatively engaging with the aforesaid slide or carriage, and suitable
means for turning the screw, substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.
12. In a grinding machine, the combination with the driving shaft B bearing the
holder of the grinding substance or material, of the work-holder-bearing-shaft G
provided with a worm wheel and another shaft provided with a worm engaging
said worm-wheel and operatively connected with the driving shaft, all arranged
substantially as shown and described.
Dad thin 4th dox of January 1895
R. HADDAN.