Improvements in the Manufacture of Yarn.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Yarn.
We, ANDREW MELLISH, JOSIAS HANCOCK, DOUGLAS STUART MELLISH, and
JOSEPH RAMSDEN, all of Stone Bridge Mills, Farnley, Leeds, in the County of
York, Cloth Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce a more uniform and when required
mixed or twisted yarn, by first combining two slivers as they are stripped from
the doffers of carding machines, such slivers may be of the same kind and
colour or of different kinds or qualities and colour, and are combined in such
a manner that, the fibre when spun into yarn. is more even in thickness, and
when the sheets of sliver composed say of different materials or colours are
combined. and the fibres spun into yarn, a twisted or spiral thread is produced.
thereby obviating the necessity of first having to spin one class or colour of
fibre into yarn, and then to twist it with a thread of another class or colour
in order to obtain a spiral or varied thread.
In carrying out our invention, we utilize two carding engines, placed in
line with each other. in such a manner that, the sheet of sliver from the rear
machine, is conveyed by a travelling apron or the like to the sheet of fibre as
it is doffed from the other machine, the two sheets thus combined are conducted
to the tapes of an ordinary condenser, where they are divided into strips and
the combined strips rubbed together and delivered to bobbins operated in the
usual manner.
By combining the slivers, the thin places in one sliver in most cases, are,
covered by the normal thickness of fibre of the other sliver and thereby
strengthened, so that on spinning the rubbed threads of fibre into yarn, more
uniformity as regards thickness and strength are obtained: and when the com-
bined slivers are of different classes of fibre or of different colours, the fibre
when spun into varn from the combined slivers is so twisted together that.
the different qualities or colours are more or less kept separated and give a
spiral effect to the yarn without having first to spin a thread of one colour
or quality, and another of another, and then twist them together as is now
the common practice, when a twisted or spiral thread of yarn of different
qualities or colours of fibre is required.
Datad this 20th dow of March 1808

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Yarn.
We, ANDREW MELLISH, JOSLAS HANCOCK, DOUGLAS STEWART MELLISH, and
JOSEPH RAMSDEN, all of Stone Bridge Mills, Farnley, Leeds, in the County of
York, Cloth Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to produce yarn of more uniform thickness,
and to uniformly and distinctly mix the fibres, by first combining two or more
slivers as they are stripped from the doffers of separate carding engines, such
slivers may be of the same kind of fibre and colour, or of different kinds or
qualities of fibre and colour, and combined in such a manner that, the yarn
spun from the combined slivers is more even in thickness, and when one sliver
sheet is composed of one quality of fibre or colour and another sliver of a
different quality or colour and combined and spun into yarn, a twisted or
spiral thread is produced from the combined slivers, thereby obviating the
necessity of first having to spin each class or colour of fibre into yarn separ-
ately, and then twist them together in order to obtain yarn having a spiral
or varied thread.
In describing this invention in detail, reference is made to the accompany-
ing drawings in which Figs. 1 and 2 represent the side elevations of portions
of two carding engines each arranged for stripping the fibre from the doffer
cylinders in a wide continuous sheet, to which is added our invention for com-
bining the slivers, and
Figs. 3 and 4 represent side elevations showing the cylinders of two double
offer condensers working in conjunction, in which the slivers are stripped
from the doffer cylinders in narrow strips or bands; the side frames of the
machines are removed for more clearly showing the arrangement of our inven-
tion as applied to machines of this or like class.
In explaining our invention we will describe the same by utilizing two
carding engines, although we wish it to be understood that more carding
engines may be used and combine more slivers of the same or different classes,
without departing from the nature of our invention.
The carding engines whether two or more are used, are placed end to end
in line with each other, and provided with the usual feeding apron .A, feed
rollers B, swift cylinder C, workers D, strippers E, fancy F, and doffer cylin-
der G, all of which are mounted in the usual manner, and the doffer cylinder
provided with a reciprocating comb doffer H, or other convenient doffer, .all
operated in the ordinary manner to which we make no claim.
The two carding engines represented by Figs. 1 and 2 are placed end to end
and in line with each other, one class of fibre being fed to the apron A, of
Fig. 1 passes through the machine and is stripped from the doffer cylinder G,
by a suitable stripper such as a comb doffer H, and delivered to the additional
travelling apron J, composed of cross bars or laths secured to an endless chain
on each side of the machine arranged in, or somewhat in the same manner as
the feeding aprons A, are constructed.
The extent of the additional travelling apron J, is shown by Fig. 2 and is
supported by rotating rollers K, and K¹, mounted at one end and operated in
any convenient manner, and L, and L, at the other; pitch chain or like

page_text: wheels M, and N, being introduced near to each end running in contact with
the before mentioned chains for keeping the upper side of the additional travel-
ling apron J, with the sheet of fibre laying thereon, clear of the swift cylinder C,
of the second machine shown by Fig. 2.
The fibre may be fed to the apron A', of the second carding engine Fig. 2
in any ordinary manner and passed through the machine to the doffer cylin-
der G, where it is stripped by a reciprocating comb doffer H', or other suitable
well known doffer, and delivered upon the sheet of fibre stripped from the
doffer cylinder G, as it arrives and is passing over the roller L, thus two slivers
of the same or a different class are combined, by laying one sliver upon the
other which are then passed between the rollers 0, 0, to an ordinary condenser
where the combined slivers are divided into strips, rubbed together and delivered
to bobbins in the same manner as is the case when one sliver only is delivered
to the rollers 0, 0,
When applying our invention to carding engines of the single or double
doffer condenser class, the two machines represented by Figs. 3 and 4 are
arranged end to end the same as before described. The fibre is fed to the
ordinary feeding apron A³, and passed through the machine to the doffer
cylinders G³, and G, in the usual manner, one portion of the divided or con-
densed sheet being stripped from the doffer cylinder G³, is deposited on the
endless additional travelling apron 1, the other portion of the divided sheet
is stripped from the cylinder G4, and deposited on the travelling apron J2, both
aprons being constructed in the manner as herein before described and supported
by rollers rotated in any convenient manner.
Fibre of the same or à different class or colour is fed to the feeding apron A³,
of the second machine Fig. 4, and passed through the machine to the doffer
cylinders G, and G6, in the usual manner, one portion of the divided sliver
is stripped from the doffer roller G, and delivered to roller P, where it com-
bines with the strips or bands of fibre conveyed by the additional travelling
apron J, by laying one series of strips or bands upon the other, both of which
are transmitted to the rubbers Q, operated in the usual manner; the divided
sheet or bands of fibre stripped from the bottom doffer roller G6, being laid upon
and combined with the strips or bands of fibre conveyed by the travelling
aprons J, and J³, the combined strips or bands are then passed between the
rubbers Q', operated in the usual manner and wound upon bobbins in the same
manner as is the case when one thickness of fibre only is passed between the
rubbers.
By combining the slivers in the manner described, the thin places in one
sliver in most cases are covered by the normal thickness of fibre of the other
sliver and thereby strengthened, so that on spinning the rubbed threads into yarn,
more uniformity as regards thickness and strength is obtained, and when the
combined slivers are of different classes of fibre or of different colours, they
are combined by laying one upon the other in the manner described, thus
forming two or more distinct layers of fibre; on spinning the combined slivers
into yarn by a machine of the ordinary construction, they are twisted together
in a manner that the two or more different qualities or colours of fibre are
still kept more or less separated or distinct from each other, by which a spiral
effect is given to the yarn without first having to spin a thread of one quality
or colour, and another of another, and then twist them together as is now the
common practice when a twisted or spiral thread of yarn of different qualities
or colours of fibre is required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
The method of manufacturing yarn from the same or different classes or
colours of fibre by stripping the fibre from two or more carding engines or doffer

page_text: condensers and combining them prior to the slivers being rubbed into threads
and wound upon bobbins to be afterwards reduced to yarn by spinning, all
carried out substantially in the manner as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 29th day of December 1898.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent, Sunbridge Chambers, Bradford.