Improvements in Windows with Combined Sliding and Swinging Sashes.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Windows with Combined Sliding and Swinging
Sashes.
1, SEPTIMUS NAYLOR, of 69 Monday Street, in the City and County of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of said invention to
be as follows:-
The objects of my invention are to produce windows which can be cleaned or
glazed from inside at such moderate prices as will lead to their introduction in
place of the ordinary sliding sash windows, which involve so many accidents, and
to dispense with double sash cords by making one sash balance the other.
According to my invention the upper and lower sashes are pivoted upon studs
fixed in the sliding "stiles" so as to slide up and down with them and also to turn
inward on said pivots when required for cleaning or to be partially opened for
ventilation.
The "stiles" slide in the ordinary frame, divided by a parting bead, by means
of wire cords attached to the head of each at each side which cords pass over
pullies fixed near the head of the frame, one sash perfectly balancing the other
and the sashes are fastened at their middle bar by any suitable form of screw or
latch fitting.
The sashes, when closed on their pivots in the sliding "stiles" form an ordinary
sliding sash window the lower sash closing with any form of weather and dust tight
joint upon the sill and against the centre bar of the upper sash by any suitable form
of bevilled or checked joint. There is, between the head of the upper sash and
the head of the frame, a space sufficient to allow the bottom of the lower eash,
when at its highest position, to clear the head of the upper sash when drawn down
and so allow the upper sash, in that position, to swing inwards on its pivots to be
cleaned. The two sashes swing upon their pivots to such an angle inwards, as to
enable the outside of the glass to be safely cleaned from the room the parting bead
being cut away to the required angle and when the sashes are closed bevils on the
sashes form a close joint against corresponding bevils on the parting bead and make
them weather, draught, and dust tight."
Windows made according to my invention consist of few parts which are all of
simple and cheap construction; there are only two sash cords, operating both
sashes simultaneously, the sashes, when opened inward on their pivots, afford
ventilation without draughts and the windows can be made at little more than the
cost of ordinary windows.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Windows with Combined Sliding and Swinging
Sashes.
I, SEPTIMUS NAYLOR, of 69 Monday Street, in the City and County of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, (now of Brinkurn Avenue Gateshead in the County of
Durham) Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The objects of my invention are to produce windows which can be cleaned or
glazed from inside, at such moderate prices as will lead to their introduction in
place of the ordinary sliding sash windows, which involve so many accidents; and
to dispense with double sash cords by making one sash balance the other.
According to my invention the upper and lower sashes are pivoted upon studs
fixed in the sliding "stiles" so as to slide up and down with them and also to turn
inward on said pivots when required for cleaning or to be partially opened for
ventilation.
The "stiles" slide in the ordinary frame, divided by a parting bead, by means
of wire cords attached to the head of each at each side, which cords pass over
pullies fixed near the head of the frame, one sash perfectly balancing the other,
and the sashes are fastened at their middle bar by any suitable form of screw or
latch fitting.
The sashes when closed on their pivots in the sliding "stiles," form an ordinary
sliding sash window, the lower sash closing with any form of weather and dust
tight joint upon the sill and against the centre bar of the upper sash by any
suitable form of bevilled or checked joint. There is, between the head of the
upper sash and the head of the frame, a space sufficient to allow the bottom of the
lower sash, when at its highest position, to clear the head of the upper sash when
drawn down, and so allow the upper sash, in that position, to swing inwards on its
pivots to be cleaned. The two sashes swing upon their, pivots to such an angle
inwards as to enable the outside of the glass to be safely cleaned from the room,
the parting bead being cut away to the required angle and, when the sashes are
closed, bevils on the sashes form a close joint against corresponding bevils on the
parting bead and make them weather, draught, and dust tight.
Windows made according to my invention consist of few parts which are all of
simple and cheap construction; there are only two sash cords, operating both sashes
simultaneously; the sashes, when opened inward on their pivots, afford ventilation
withont draughts, and the windows can be made at little more than the cost of
ordinary windows.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
On the accompanying sheet of drawings my invention is shewn as it is now being
carried out in practical application.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a window looking from the outside approximately to a
scale of 1 inch per foot.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section through line x-x on Fig. 1 to same scale.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the window frame, "stiles" and swinging
sashes on lines *-*on Fig. 1'to same scale.
Fig. 4 is a lace view, one half full size, of a portion of one of the sliding
"stiles" at the point where the swinging sashes are pivoted, and shewing the
"bevil" cut out to receive a similar "bevil" on the swinging sash, and make a
weather tight joint.

page_text: Figs. 5 and 6 shew a face and side view of one of the sash cord pullies, fixed one
at each side of the window frame, being of the full size.
Fig. 7 shews one of the adjustable pivots upon which the swinging sashes turn
inward, partly in section to shew the adjusting screw with the binding plates
shewn by Fig. 74, 7B, and 7C, all one half the full size.
The same letters refer to corresponding parts on all the figs.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A. is the window frame set in the building,
B. are the sliding "stiles" working in guides in the frame formed by the parting
bead C. aud by the internal and external beads D. D* hung over the pullies E. at
each side by single cords F. attached to the top of each sliding "stile" which
balance each other. G. G are respectively the upper and lower swinging sash
pivoted on the sliding "stiles" so as to turn in the direction of the arrows to be
cleaned or partially opened for ventilation, and when closed against the "bevils"
in the sliding "stiles" (see Fig. 4) making a perfectly close weather tight joint
with corresponding "bevils" formed upon them. A cavity H. formed in the head
of the window frame allows the lower sash to slide upward sufficiently to clear the
middle bar of the lower swinging sash Ga, when the upper swinging sash G. is
pulled down to be cleaned. When the upper and lower swinging sashes are closed
the middle bars J. and Ja half lap with each other and make a close joint, and the
window now becomes a sliding sash window, the bottom bar K. and the top bar Ka
forming close joints against the sill piece L. and head of the frame covered by a
bead piece outside.
Referring to Fig. 4 the bevils M. are shewn on each side of the sliding
"stiles" B. near the pivot P. of the swinging sashes, which swing inward and
outward as indicated by the arrows. The sash cord pullies E. (see Figs. 5 and 6)
are screwed one at each side to the window frame enclosed in a guard O. The
adjustable pivot P. (see Fig. 7) which is an important feature in my invention acts
as follows:-The pivot is rivetted into a plate Q. by a square hole so that it cannot
turn (see Fig. 7) and this plate is screwed against the sliding "stile" (see Figs. 1
and 3) another plate Q being let into and screwed in the outer face of the
swinging sash, and a third plate Qb is let into and screwed to the inner face of the
swinging sash. The pivot is drilled and tapped to receive the screw R. and by
the operation of this screw the sliding "stile "B. and the swinging sashes G. G" can
be drawn together or eased so as to adjust them, relatively to each other, as they
may pine or swell, and so keep a perfectly tight joint at their meeting, also
providing for wear of the swinging sashes upon the pivot and of the sliding "stiles"
in the frame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my eaid inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in combined sliding and swinging sash windows, consisting
in hanging the upper and lower sliding sashes by a single cord at each side, each
cord passing from the top of one sash over a pulley at the window head and down
to the top of the other sash, so that the sashes balance each other; and the method
of pivoting the swinging sashes to the sliding "stiles" by an adjustable pivot which
enables the sliding and swinging sashes to be adjusted, relatively to each other, to
take up slackness between them caused by shrinking of the wood or by wear and
to ease them when swelling of the wood causes them to seize, and thus always to
secure perfectly close vertical joints between them, substantially as described and
shewn on the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 11th day of January 1897.
T. J. DANSON, F. Inst. P.A.,
Agent for Applicant.