IMPROVEMENTS IN : "APPARATUS FOR CARBURETTING GASES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Antoine Majolier, of Stoke Newington, in the
County of Middlesex, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
: "APPARATUS FOR CARBURETTING GASES."-A communication from abroad by
Henry Nordhoff, of Nismes, France.
Sealed the 17th December 1863, and dated the 22nd June 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Antoine Majolier;
! at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd June 1868.
·I, LOUIS ANTOINE, MAJOLIER, of Stoke Newington, in the County of.
Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for:
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARBURETTING GASES" (a communication to
me from abroad by Henry Nordhoff, of Nismes, France) to be as follows:-
The apparatus consists of a cylindrical vessel with inlet and outlet pipes..
There is a metal grating or gauze fitted inside of the apparatus through which
the gas passes, becomes carburetted, and is led off by ordinary pipes to burners..
Two fine wire gratings or gauze, in which wicks are placed, are fitted to the
inside of the apparatus and there sustained by supports, by preference, four,
in contact with the top and bottom thereof. There is a reservoir, made, by..
preference, of glass, at the upper part of the apparatus provided with a long.
neck which accurately fits the pipe fitted to the carburetting apparatus. The
reservoir has no communication with the atmosphere, and maintains the car:
buretting liquid. at a constant level and in such manner that, as the carburetting.
liquid becomes, consumed, air is admitted by the tube fitted to the upper part
of the carburator, and thus allows the liquid in the upper reservoir to flow.
down continually and so keep the wicks šaturated, with the carburetting liquid..
J

page_text: The apparatus before described is applicable to lamps of all kinds, and when
supplied to a street lamp, for example, is secured thereto by screwing the
apparatus on to the supply pipe; the gas thus enters the apparatus, is car-
buretted therein, and issues by a tube at the top thereof, which may be fitted
with burners of any desired form or construction. To prevent the carburetting
liquid from contracting under the influence of frost I make use of a heating
apparatus, and thereby maintain a constant volatilisation. A "bain marie"
water bath is employed. The carburetting apparatus is provided with a
double bottom in which water is placed, and this water is kept heated by
means of a small jet of glass playing against the surface thereof. It is provided
with a tap to resupply it with water, and which also is used for facilitating its
cleaning.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Antoine Majolier in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd December 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
ANTOINE MAJOLIER, of Stoke Newington, in the County of Middlesex, Mer-
chant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Louis Antoine Majolier, Her special licence that I, the said Louis
Antoine Majolier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Louis Antoine Majolier, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARBURETTING. GASES" (communicated to me from:
abroad by Henry Nordhoff, of Nismes, France), upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Louis Antoine Majolier, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing. under my, or their, or one of their hands.
and seals, should particularly describe and. ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the.
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next.and. immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: ..NOW..KNOW..YE, that I, the said Louis Antoine Majolier, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,.
that is to
say:
:
. The apparatus consists of a cylindrical vessel with inlet and outlet pipes.
There is a metal grating or gauze fitted inside the apparatus through which
the gas passes, becomes carburetted, and is led off by ordinary pipes to burners.
Two fine wire gratings or gauze, in which wicks are placed, are fitted to the
inside of the apparatus and there sustained by supports, by preference, four,
in contact with the top and bottom thereof. There is a reservoir, made, by
preference, of glass, at the upper part of the apparatus provided with a long
.neck which accurately fits the pipe fitted to the carburetting. apparatus. The
-reservoir has no communication with the atmosphere and maintains the car-
buretting liquid at a constant level and in such manner that, as the carburetting
liquid becomes consumed air is admitted. by the tube fitted to the upper part
of the carburator and thus allows the liquid in the upper reservoir to flow
down continually and so keep the wick saturated with the carburetting liquid.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation, and Figure 2
is a longitudinal section of an apparatus for carburetting gas constructed
according to this Invention; Figure 3 is a view shewing one half of the
apparatus in horizontal section through the line x, y, of Figure 2; and the
other half in plan.
A is a cylindrical vessel or case made, by preference, of copper, but any
other material may be employed, fitted at top with a cover B. The vessel A
is divided into three compartments C, C, and D. The compartment C has a
pipe E leading into it for the admission of gas, and the compartment C¹ a
pipe E¹ for the exit of the same. F, F', are partitions, made of copper, or of
a similar material to that of which the case A is made, dividing the compart-
ments C and. C¹ from the compartment D. These partitions are perforated,
as shewn at a, a, through which the gas is free to pass, as hereafter more
clearly explained; the perforations do not extend the whole length of the
partitions, but commence about midway between the top and bottom of the
apparatus, and extend down to within a few inches of the bottom thereof, as
seen in Figures 2 and 4.. There is a frame or grating with a circular aper-
ture 6 in the centre, having supports c, c, attached to it, for carrying wicks d,.d..
The frame and wicks are placed in the compartment D of the apparatus, as
shewn in Figure 2, and extend down to or near the bottom, thereof, and con-
sequently fill the said compartment D, H is a reservoir or globe with a long

page_text: +
neck e, and carrying a ferrule f, for screwing it into the cover of the apparatus ;
I is tube attached to the under side of the cover B for the reception of the
long neck e of the reservoir H. To render the neck of the reservoir lèss liable
to be broken it is surrounded by a metal shield g. To use the apparatus I
fill or partially fill the reservoir H with naptha, benzine, or other carburetting
liquid through the long neck thereof and insert the same through the aperture
in the cover B; the liquid in the reservoir then runs down the' neck and finds
its level'in the bottom of the case, indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 2,
the lower ends of the wicks dip in 'the liquid and capillary attraction saturates
them throughout. The gas entering by the inlet pipe E fills the compart-
ment C and deposits some of its impurities in the bottom of that 'compartment;
it then passes, by the perforations a, a, into the compartment D, where it
'traverses the wicks d, d, and becoming there enriched by the vapour' of the
naptha or other liquid with which the wicks 'are' saturated (and at the same
time deprived of its sulphur) it passes, by the other perforation's 'a a¹, into' the
compartment-c, and is led off by the'outlet pipe E, which is in communication
with the service pipe, to the burners. When the liquid from the reservoir
has been all absorbed by the wicks and the gas," the globe is unscrewed 'and
refilled; but if from any oversight this should be omitted to be done the car-
buretting would only cease and ordinary uncarburetted gas would be supplied
until the reservoir be again filled. To prevent the carburetting liquid from
contracting under the influence of frost I'make' use of a heating apparatus,
and thereby maintain a complete volatilization. A "bain marie" water bath
is employed.
.i.
i
"
1481
The carburetting apparatus is provided with a double bottom, in which
water is placed, and this water is kept heated by means of a small jet of' gas
playing against the surface thereof. It is provided with a tap to re-supply it
with water, and which also is used for facilitating its cleaning.
Figure 4'is a longitudinal section of the vessel 'containing the compartments
C, C, and D, 'fitted with a double bottom in the manner just described; K is
the vessel containing the 'water, and L is a pipe for conveying "gas from the
compartment Cto the under side of the vessel K, where a burner M keeps
the water at a high temperature, and thereby prevents frost having any effect
on the contents of the apparatus. "The carburator before described with
reference to Figures 1, 2,' and's,' is particularly applicable for carburetting
'gas as it is supplied from the meter prior to its being burnt, but the apparatus
is applicable to lamps of all kinds, and when applied to a street lamp, for
example, is secured thereto by screwing the apparatus on to the supply pipe;
the gas'thus enters the apparatus, is carburetted therein, and issues by a tube

page_text: at the top thereof, which may be fitted with burners of any desired form or
construction. The apparatus shewn in longitudinal section at Figure 5 is
particularly applicable for this purpose, or where it is only required for a single
burner. According to this arrangement the vessel is not divided into three
compartments as before, but the gas enters by a pipe k at the base of the
apparatus, and passing by the perforations is allowed to circulate through
the saturated wicks and to escape to the supply pipe m.
The carburetting
liquid is supplied by the reservoir as before.
lamp with a carburator applied thereto.
Figure 6 is a view of a street
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare I am aware that wicks
have been before used in apparatus for carburetting gas for causing the car-
buretting fluid to circulate by capillary attraction, also that attempts have
been made to maintain the liquid at one constant or even level. I would
therefore have it understood that I do not broadly claim such within this
Invention, but I claim,―
First, the employment, in apparatus for carburetting gases, of a reservoir
for containing carburetting liquid having a long neck extending down into the
carburetting apparatus below, whereby the liquid from the reservoir above
passes to the carburetting apparatus and maintains the liquid therein at one
constant or even level, substantially in manner herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, the construction and arrangement of apparatus for carburetting
gas, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawings.
Third, the employment, in combination with apparatus for carburetting gas,
of a vessel for containing fluid set beneath the said apparatus, and kept at
a certain temperature by a jet of gas supplied from a pipe led from the
carburator itself, substantially in manner and for the purposes herein-before
described and illustrated at Figure 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Antoine Majolier, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-three.
'