AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR PULVERIZING SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Clay Bull of Brooklyn New York United States
of America for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR PULVERIZING
SUBSTANCES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Clay Bull at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1883.
HENRY CLAY BULL, of Brooklyn, New York, United States of America,
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR PULVERIZING SUBSTANCES
»
"AN
My Invention relates to certain improvements to that class of machines known
as pulverizers, more especially to pulverizers which are used for reducing to an
impalpable powder substances such as coal, minerals, quartz, ores and stones, also
applicable for treating grain, flour and other substances.
A machine, or pulverizer according to my Invention consists of a hollow cylinder
with closed ends within which are hung from an inclined shaft a series of rollers
which are caused to swing round and rotate with the shaft and strike and rub
upon the inner surface of the cylinder as the shaft revolves. The following is a
description of an example of a machine constructed according to my Invention.
The machine consists of a hollow cylinder made of sections and closed at both
ends, the ends being recessed on their inner faces to receive the sections and bound
together by through bolts with nuts. One end is provided at the top with an
opening and hopper for feeding the substances to be pulverized to the machine and
the other end is provided at the bottom with an opening and shoot for conveying
away the material after it has been pulverized. The cylinder is of steel, or iron
and chilled on the inner face and ground perfectly straight, smooth and true.
Passing through the cylinder there is a shaft, the journals of which run in, and are
carried by bearings, supported on brackets at each end outside the cylinder.
Within the cylinder the shaft is provided with a series of rollers six being a conve-
nient number. These rollers run on ball journals and bearings and are suspended
from a triangular boss on the shaft by arms, or links each roller being hung
between two of such arms, the arms being connected to the boss by pins and the
rollers being hung between the outer ends of the arms by the ball journals.
arms are so shaped and set on the boss as to act as repellers for the purpose of
D
The

page_text: throwing the material away from the discharging outlet, that is to say, so as to
retain the material under treatment under the action of the rollers for the longest
time possible. The shaft which carries the rollers passes through the cylinder at
an angle with the central axis of the cylinder, the bearings which carry the shaft
being moveable so as to adjust the angle of the shaft. The effect of setting the
shaft at an angle causes the rollers to drag and rub on the bottom surface of the
cylinder more, or less according to the angle at which the shaft is set. The shaft
is provided with a fly-wheel and with fast and loose driving pullies. The cylinder
is mounted on a base pedestal.
The substance to be pulverized is fed into the machine through the feeding
hopper and by the action of the rollers it is passed through the machine and
delivered into the discharge shoot in a finely pulverized state, after which it may
be separated into grades by a sieve, or bolter, or it may be separated by precipita-
tion in a stream of water (as usual with certain minerals and quartz) according to
the nature of the substance being treated. The coarser particles after separation
are returned to the cylinder for further treatment. The setting of the shaft (which
carries the rollers) at an angle in the cylinder causes the rollers when swinging, or
revolving round with it in the cylinder to give a most effective grinding motion
between the rollers and the inner surface of the cylinder. This motion is very
similar to the motion of edge runners and is a dragging, or rubbing motion in the
direction of the discharge outlet and feeds the material through the machine from
the inlet to the outlet. The action of the repeller arms, on which the rollers are
hung, is such as to throw the material in the opposite direction, namely, towards
the feeding inlet.
The dragging, or rubbing action of the rollers on the inner surface of the cylinder
combined with the rolling of the rollers on the inner surface of the cylinder is most
effective in reducing all substances to an impalpable powder. The peculiar manner
in which the rollers are hung between the repeller arms causes the rollers to strike
the material with hammer-like blows. The material is delivered through the
machine at a greater, or less speed according to the angle of the shaft, the greater
the angle and the coarser the material is pulverized, the lesser the angle the finer
the material is pulverized. The construction of the repeller arms prevents any
material from passing through the machine except it is brought forward by the
dragging, or rubbing action of the rollers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Clay Bull in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th November
1883.
HENRY CLAY BULL, of Brooklyn, New York, United States of America AN
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR PULVERIZING SUBSTANCES
This Invention relates to certain improvements in that class of machines known
as pulverizers, more especially to pulverizers which are used for reducing to an
impalpable powder, substances such as coals, minerals, quartz, ores and stone, also
applicable for treating grain, flour and other substances and the following is a
description of this Invention in such full, clear and distinct language as to enable
any skilled person to put the same into operation, reference being had to the
annexed sheets of Drawings and to the letters and figures of reference marked
thereon, like letters and figures being used to denote the same, or corresponding
parts throughout the various views.
Figure 2 is a plan of the pulverizer viewed from the top.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is an end section of Figure 3 taken through the line X X
Figures 5 show a group of details of the pulverizing rollers.
Figures 6 show a group of details of the repeller arms.
Figures 7 show details of the pulverizer shaft.
A machine, or pulverizer according to this Invention consists of the hollow
cylinder A, the ends of which are closed by the plates, or covers C and D. Within
the cylinder A and hung from the inclined shaft E are a series of rollers F which
are caused to swing round and rotate with the shaft E within the cylinder A so
that the rollers F strike and rub upon the inner surface of the cylinder A as the
shaft E revolves.
In the example shown in the Drawings, it will be seen that the cylinder A is
constructed, or built up of the sections A¹, and closed at its respective ends by the
plates C, D, such plates C, D, being recessed at C', D¹, to receive the sections A¹.
The ends C, D, are bound together by the through bolts a. The end D is provided
at the top with an opening and hopper G for feeding the substances to be pulverized
to the machine The end C is provided at the bottom with an opening and shoot
H for conveying away the material after it has been pulverized. The cylinder A
is of steel, or iron and chilled on the inuer face and ground perfectly straight
smooth and true. The shaft E passes through the cylinder A at an angle as shown
and the journals of the shaft E run in and are carried by the bearings I supported
by the brackets J at each end and outside the cylinder A. Within the cylinder A,
the shaft E is provided with the series of rollers F, six being a convenient number.
These rollers F run on ball journals and bearings FI as shown at Figures 5, and are
suspended from the triangular boss E' on the shaft E by the arms, or links beach
roller being bung between two of such arms b. The arms b are connected to the
boss E¹ by pins b¹, the rollers F being hung between the outer ends of the arms b
by the ball journals F¹. The arms b are shaped as shown in detail at Figures 6,
and are set on the boss E' so as to act as repellers for the purpose of throwing the
material back, or away from the discharging outlet H that is to say, so as to retain
the material under treatment, under the action of the rollers F for the longest time
possible. The shaft E which carries the rollers F passes as before stated through

page_text: the cylinder A at an angle as shown in Figure 1. The bearings I which carry the
shaft E being moveable so as to adjust the angle of the shaft E. The effect of
setting the shaft E at an angle causes the rollers F to drag and rub on the surface
of the cylinder A more, or less according to the angle at which the shaft E is set.
The shaft E is provided with a fly wheel K and with fast and loose driving pulleys
L and the cylinder A is mounted on the base pedestal M.
In operation the substance to be pulverized is fed into the machine through the
feeding hopper G and by the action of the rollers F is passed through the machine
and delivered into the discharge shoot H in a finely pulverized state after which it
may be separated into grades by a sieve, or bolter, or it may be separated by
precipitation in a stream of water (as usual with certain minerals and quartz)
according to the nature of the substance being treated. The coarser particles after
separation may be returned to the cylinder A for further treatment. The setting
of the shaft E (which carries the rollers F) at an angle in the cylinder A, causes
the rollers F when swinging, or revolving round in the cylinder A to give a most
effective grinding motion between the rollers F and the inner surface of the
cylinder A. This motion is very similar to the motion of edge runners and is a
dragging, or rubbing motion in the direction of the discharge outlet H. and feeds
the material through the machine from the inlet G to the outlet H The action of
the repeller arms b on which the rollers F are hung is such as to throw the naterial
in the opposite direction, namely towards the feeding inlet G. The dragging, or
rubbing action of the rollers F on the inner surface of the cylinder A combined
with the rolling of the rollers F on the inner surface of the cylinder A is most
effective in reducing all substances to an impalpable powder. The peculiar manner,
in which the rollers F are hung between the repeller arms b causes the rollers F to
strike the material with hammer like blows. The material is delivered through
the machine at a greater, or less speed according to the angle of the shaft E; the
greater the angle and the coarser the material is pulverized; the lesser the angle,
the finer the material is pulverized. The construction of the repeller arms b,
prevents any material from passing through the machine except it is brought
forward by the dragging, or rubbing action of the rollers F.
Having now described this Invention and shown how the same may be put into
practice, what I claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part
recited Letters Patent is.
In Pulverizers of the type herein described arranging the shaft E at an angle,
and capable of adjustment; and suspending the rollers F; on the swinging arms b;
such rollers being mounted on ball bearings F; and arms b constructed as repellers;
the whole operating and constructed substantially as herein described and as shown
in the Drawings hereto annexed.
In Witness whereof, I, the said Henry Clay Bull, have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty fourth day of November, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
HENRY CLAY BULL
L.S.)