New on IMPROVED DRAIN PIPE REST AND SUBSOIL DRAIN
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Brooke, of the Firm of Edward Brooke
and Sons, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Fire Brick and
Sanitary Tube Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A New on
IMPROVED DRAIN PIPE REST AND SUBSOIL DRAIN.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Brooke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th May 1870.
I, HENRY BROOKE, of the Firm of Edward Brooke and Sons, of
Huddersfield, in the County of York, Fire Brick and Sanitary Tube
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED DRAIN PIPE REST AND SUBSOIL DRAIN," to be as.
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the providing a dry and permanent
foundation for drains or drainage pipes in running sand or wet and
4

page_text: insecure ground, and the reducing or lowering the line of subsoil water
of a district when drained or sewered.
•
•
In the construction of drains or sewers according to this Invention
the trench is excavated to the required depth, and along the centre line
thereof another and narrower trench is excavated or formed in the 5
latter (0) D shaped pipes having socket or butt ends are laid. The top
or upper part of these pipes is recessed or provided with longitudinal
angular projections or shoulders on which "rests" or supports of
earthenware are placed at intervals. The upper part of the rests is
concave or of other form corresponding to the outer form of the pipes or 1
drains for conveying sewage which in contradistinction to the D or
subsoil drain I term the "main drain," this being supported by the
rests over or above and along the line of the D'or subsoil drain, the
socket or butt joints of which are loosely stopped or protected with clay
so as to admit the entrance thereto of subsoil water and yet prevent ]
entrance of sand or soil. The drainage of a district for sanitary purposes
is thus rendered subservient to the drying or carrying off subsoil waters
and a secure foundation for the drains or sewers is obtained.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Brooke in the Great Seal Patent Office on 2
the 5th November 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
BROOKE, of the Firm of Edward Brooke and Sons, of Huddersfield, in
the County of York, Fire Brick and Sanitary Tube Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did; for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Henry Brooke, Her special licence that I, the
said Henry Brooke, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Henry Brooke, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
2

page_text: should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED DRAIN PIPE REST
AND SUBSOIL DRAIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Henry Brooke, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Brooke, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the sanie is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This Invention has for its object the producing a dry and permanent
foundation for drains or drainage pipes in running sand or wet and
insecure ground, and also the reducing or lowering the line or level of
subsoil water of a district when drained and sewered.
In the construction of drains or sewers according to this Invention the
drain trench is excavated to the required depth, and along the centro
line thereof another and narrower trench is excavated or formed in the
latter trench (0) D shaped pipes having socket or butt ends are laid.
The top or upper part of these pipes is recessed or provided with
longitudinal angular projections or shoulders on which earthenware
rests or supports are placed at intervals. The upper part of the rests is
concave, or of other form corresponding to the outer form of the pipes
or drains for conveying sewage, which in contradistinction to the D or
subsoil drain I term "the sewer," the latter being supported by the rests
over or above and along the line of the D or subsoil drain, the socket or
butt joints of which are loosely stopped or protected by the use of clay
or other suitable material, so as to admit entrance thereat of subsoil
water and yet prevent entrance (in quantity) of sand or soil. The
drainage of a district for sanitary purposes is thus rendered subservient
to the drying or carrying off subsoil waters, and a secure foundation for
the sewer is obtained.
Such being the nature and object of this my Invention, I will now,
proceed to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same,

page_text: may be clearly understood I have hereunto annexed a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference, the same letter referring to the same part in
the various views and figures.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of subsoil drain, rest, and sewer;
Figure 2 is the side or longitudinal elevation thereof; Figure 3 is an
"rest"
isometrical view of Figure 2; at Figure 4 is shewn view of a
detached; Figure 5, section of manhole shewing how storm waters may
on removal of the cover T be utilized for flushing subsoil drain, or any
of the ordinary methods of flushing may be employed.
At A is shewn the D shaped pipes for carrying off subsoil water;
socket joints B are shewn in the Drawings; C, O, are recesses or
shoulders on which the "rests" E, E, E, are received or stand; these
rests, as shewn at Figure 4, are of form corresponding to the exterior of
the subsoil drains and the sewers. The latter pipes are shewn at F, F.
"
cross or
5
1
1
As shown in the Drawings the joints of the subsoil drain “
are not linable with the joints of the main drain. This secures a con-
tinuous bearing or foundation for the sewer, an important advantage,
especially where the gradients are slight. Free access to the under part
of the joints of the sewer pipes is afforded the workmen, so that the 2
cementing of or making good the joints can be more perfectly executed,
and the infiltration and accumulation of sand in the main sewer is
prevented. The subsoil drain reduces permanently the level of subsoil
waters, and where the utilization of sewage is an object prevents
deterioration thereof by a separate disposition of the subsoil water. The 2
subsoil water, on the other hand, where desirable may be turned (at
change of level at any of the sewer manholes) into the sewer for the
purpose of cleansing or flushing the same.
Having thus fully described and ascertained the nature and particulars
of this my said Invention, together with the manner in which the same a
is to be or may be performed, or carried into practical effect, I would
have it distinctly understood that I claim¸—
Firstly. The subsoil drain in connection and combination with the
"rests” and sewer, in the manner and for the purpose herein described

page_text: And I claim the "rests" for the purpose and in the manner herein
described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Brooke, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
HENRY BROOKE. (L.S.)