or Saturating Air.
Year: 1886

page_text: or Saturating Air.
I JAMES HOWORTH of Farnworth in the County of Lancaster Ventilator Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to apparatus for cooling warming moistening or saturating
air which is supplied to mills weaving sheds factories churches schools halls
dwellings and buildings of all descriptions and consists in an improved arrange-
ment or construction of such apparatus by means of which any desired degree of
temperature and humidity of the air can be obtained.
And in order that my invention may be more readily understood and carried
into practical effect I have hereunto appended a sheet of drawings marked with
letters of reference similar letters denoting similar parts in the different figures.
Fig. 1 is a top view of the apparatus; fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the same
along the line X W on Fig. 4; fig. 3 a similar section along line Y. Z. on fig. 4;
fig. 4 an end view from the left side partly in section along the line U. V. on
fig. 2; fig. 5 an end view from the right side of the apparatus; fig. a longi-
tudinal section similar to fig. 3 showing an arrangement hereinafter described for
supplying the apparatus with the water condensed in the heating pipe.
The apparatus consists of a chamber casing or chest A, hereinafter called the
chest, constructed of galvanised sheet iron or other metal which is generally of
rectangular shape as shewn on the drawings but may be of any other shape suitable
for the locality or position in which it is to be placed in the building and for the
reception of the fittings hereinafter described. This chest is divided in its lower
part by a midfeather or dividing plate into two compartments, one of which
hereinafter called the dry compartment as an inlet at or near the bottom for the air
to enter the chest as shewn at C on fig. 4. In this compartment a serpentine or
coiled pipe b or its equivalent is placed having an inlet pipe a with a regulating
valve or tap a at the top and an outlet pipe g with a regulating tap g¹ at the
bottom. The second compartment hereinafter called the wet compartment is
partly filled with water through a supply pipe d with tap d and fitted with an
overflow pipe e for waste water. A pipe c passes through the water and is fitted
with a regulating valve or tap c¹ and an outlet pipe f with tap f¹. A hood
or deflecting plate i is fixed above the coil b in the dry compartment.

page_text: When warm and moist air is required the coil b and pipe c are supplied with
steam through the taps a¹ and c¹ respectively and the waste steam and water
formed by condensation from the coil b is let out through the tap gland pipe g
and from the pipe c through the tap f1 and pipe f. The air enters the dry
compartment at or near the bottom as shewn at C on fig. 4 and indicated by
the arrow and becoming heated by.contact with and radiation from the coil b
ascends to the top where it is deflected by the deflecting plate i and made to
impinge upon the water k in the wet compartment. The water being heated by
the steam in pipe c evolves vapour and the air mixes or becomes saturated with the
vapour from the water. It then ascends to the top of the casing or chamber and
passes into the room through the diffusing grid h hereinafter described. The
apparatus is generally placed against the outer walls of the room or building and
the inlet at the bottom prolonged to or placed in communication with the outside
and any ordinary or known kind of dust strainer may be placed in the inlet and
the air caused to flow in the direction herein before described and indicated by the
arrows on fig. 4 through being heated in the chest or it may be drawn through it
by ventilators or exhaustors placed at the opposite side of the room or in the
ceiling or by chimney draught or may be forced through it by fans or blowers.
By regulating the supply of steam and water the temperature and humidity of
the air can be regulated to any desired degree. If dry warm air is required the
wet compartment is left without water while the coil 6 and pipe c are supplied with
steam. If the air is to be cooled the steam is shut off and instead thereof cold
water or other refrigerating liquid may be circulated in the pipes and the cold air
may be delivered dry or moist according as the wet compartment is filled with
water or left empty. No matter what the condition of the air may be before
entering the chest it may be purified and rendered suitable for inhalation; in dry
weather it may be moistened to any degree of humidity, in cold weather it may be
heated to any temperature and in hot weather cooled to any required degree.
.
The air enters the room from the apparatus through the diffusing grid h which
may be placed on the top of the casing or chamber or the latter may be closed at
the top and have a lateral outlet fitted with the diffusing grid as may be required
by the position of the apparatus in the room or building. The diffusing grid
consists of a frame made by preference of wood with wooden bars of triangular or
trapeze-shaped section placed with the broadest side towards the inside of the
casing or cliamber and parallel to each other so that the air can pass between them,
and entering at a narrow space becomes diffused through a wider space and passes
into the room without perceptible draught.
A further improvement of the apparatus when used for supplying warm moist air
is shewn on fig. 6 and consists in an arrangement for taking the waste steam and
water formed by condensation from the pipe which heats the water in the wet
compartment back into this compartment. This is effected by means of a syphon
pipe connected to the heating pipe, with regulating tap f³, by means of which
and the tap c² the pressure can be so regulated that the waste steam and water
formed by condensation in the heating pipe instead of being carried away into
a drain or collecting tank are returned into the wet compartment and emptied into
the water k. By this means the compartment is continually supplied with water
in small quantities for the purpose of generating vapour for saturating the air in
the herein before described manner. By this syphon arrangement a saving is
effected in the quantity of water used and the pipes for carrying away the water
formed by condensation may be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
(1.) The construction or arrangement of apparatus or chests for cooling heating
moistening or saturating air with dividing and deflecting plates steam water and

page_text: waste pipes with regulating taps and diffusing grid substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings.
(2.) In apparatus or chests for heating and moistening or saturating air the use
of a pipe passing through the water and heated with steam for the purpose of
evaporating the water substantially as hereinbefore described illustrated by the
drawings.
(3.) In apparatus for heating and moistening or saturating air the use of a
syphon pipe substantially as shewn on fig. 6 of the drawings and as and for
the purpose herein before described and set forth.