NEW OR IMPROVED FASTENINGS FOR NECK-TIES, NECK-BOWS, AND CRAVATS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Cutler, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED FASTENINGS FOR
NECK-TIES, NECK-BOWS, AND CRAVATS."
".
Sealed the 2nd September 1879, and dated the 13th March 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Cutler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March 1879.
DAVID CUTLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
"NEW OR IMPROVED FASTENINGS FOR NECK-TIES, NECK-BOWS, AND CRAVATS.”
My Invention has for its objects to dispense with the ordinary neck bands by
which the front part of neck-ties, neck-bows, and cravats are ordinarily con-
nected to the neck, and to effect the secure and rapid fastening' of the "neck-tie, or³
neck-bow, or cravat to and its disconnection from the collar button or collar stud
or its equivalent.
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My new or improved fastenings för fastening neck-ties, or neck-bows, or cravats
in their places without the neck bands are constructed essentially as follows:-
For convenience of description I will describe my Invention as applied to a
neck-tie.
At the
To the back of the neck-tie and at the part by which it is to be fastened in its
place I fix by sewing a metal plate to which a second plate having a loop at its
top is jointed. The first described plate I will call the foundation plate, and the
second described plate the loop plate. The foundation plate to which the neck-tie
is sewn is capable by means of its joint of being opened from the loop plate, so
that the latter may be left clear for fastening the tie as herein after described.
The two plates are pressed together by a spring when at liberty to move.
back of the loop plate is a spring slide moving vertically, the upper part of the
said slide in its normal position covering about one half of the loop of the loop
plate. By means of a lip piece or projection at the back of the said slide it may
be depressed on its plate and made to uncover the whole of the loop of the loop
plate. In fastening the neck tie in its place the loop plate is opened from the
foundation plate on the tie and the slide of the loop is depressed so as to uncover
[Price 6d1

page_text: the loop. The loop may now be easily engaged with the collar button or stud.
By removing the pressure from the slide its upper part engages behind the button
or stud and prevents the loop plate from being withdrawn or lifted from the said
button or stud.
To remove the neck-tie it
only necessary to depress the slide when the loop
is uncovered and may be lifted from off the collar button or stud.
Instead of making the spring slide move vertically it may move horizontally or
across the loop plate. In this case the end of the slide projects from one side of
the loop plate and is pressed inwards to uncover the loop. Instead of one spring
horizontal slide two of the said slides moving in opposite directions may be
employed.
Or instead of making the loop plate fixed, a sliding loóp may be used in con-
junction with a fixed covering plate, the said covering plate being formed in one
piece with the foundation plate.
In using this modification of my Invention, the sliding loop is pressed upwards
until it is clear of the covering plate, and the loop is then passed on to the collar
button or stud. On releasing the sliding loop it takes its lowest position, passing
on to the covering plate, and the latter engaging behind the button or stud prevents
the loop from being lifted or withdrawn from the said button or stud.
Or the slide or sliding loop may be dispensed with and a loop made of a flat
strip of vulcanized india rubber; or other elastic material may be fastened near its
bottom end to the metal plate jointed to the foundation plate. The upper part of.
the elastic strip containing the loop is thereby capable of being opened from the
plate carrying it, so that the said loop may be readily engaged with or disengaged
from the collar button or stud. Or the fastening may consist of a strip of india-
rubber or other elastic material having at its top a loop or opening, and at its
bottom small holes by which. it is sewn to the back of the neck-tie. A metal plate
is secured near the middle of the elastic strip, the upper part of which plate covers
about one half of the loop in the said strip. By bending or depressing the loop end
of the elastic strip from the covering plate the said loop end may be engaged
upon the collar button, the covering plate passing behind the said button when the
elastic strip takes its normal position and thereby preventing the loop from being.
lifted from the button. A solitaire fastening, may be used instead of the loop and
collar button or stud described. In this modification I joint to the foundation
plate a second plate carrying a box or case containing the two spring bolts or other
fastening parts of one half of the solitaire. The other half of the solitaire consists
of a head and stem with which the bolts described may engage. In using this
fastening the stem of the head part having been passed through the hole in the
collar, the bolt part carried by the jointed plate is made to engage with the said
stem by a snapping action.
By pressure on pushers at the edge of the jointed plate the two parts of the
solitaire are released and the neck-tie is unfastened.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said David Cutler in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th September
1879.
DAVID CUTLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
"NEW OR IMPROVED FASTENINGS FOR NECK TIES, NECK BOWS, AND CRAVATS."
My Invention has for its object to dispense with the ordinary neck bands by
which the front parts of neck ties, neck bows, and cravats are ordinarily connected
to the neck, and to effect the secure and rapid fastening of the neck tie, or neck
bow, or cravat to and its disconnection from the collar button, or collar stud, or its
equivalent.
My new or improved fastenings for fastening neck ties, or neck bows, or cravats
in their places without the use of neck, bands are constructed essentially as
follows:-
For convenience of description I will describe my Invention as applied to a neck
tie or cravat.
To the back of the neck tie or cravat, and at the part by which it is to be
fastened in its place, I fix by sewing or by ears or tongues a metal plate, to which
a second plate having a loop at its top is jointed. The first described plate I will
call the foundation plate, and the second described plate the loop plate. The
foundation plate, to which the neck tie or cravat is sewn or fastened, is capable by
means of its joint of being opened from the loop plate, so that the latter may be
left clear for fastening the tie or cravat, as herein after described. The two plates
are pressed together by a spring when at liberty to move. At the back of the loop
plate is a spring slide moving horizontally, the upper part of the said slide in its
normal position covering somewhat about one half of the loop of the loop plate.
By means of a lip piece or projection at one end of the said slide it may be moved
on its plate, and made to uncover the whole of the loop of the loop plate.
In fastening the neck tie or cravat in its place the loop plate is opened from the
foundation plate on the tie or cravat, and the slide of the loop plate is moved so as
to uncover the loop. The loop may now be easily engaged with the collar button or
stud. By removing the pressure from the slide its upper part engages behind the stud
or button, and prevents the loop plate from being withdrawn or lifted from the said
button or stud. To remove the neck tie or cravat it is only necessary to press
inwards the slide, when the loop is uncovered and may be lifted from off the collar
stud or button.
Instead of making the spring slide move horizontally it may move vertically
upon the loop plate. In this case the end of the slide projects from the bottom of
the loop plate, and is pressed upwards to uncover the loop.
Instead of one spring horizontal slide two of the said slides moving in opposite
directions may be employed.
I will now proceed to describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the
manner in which my Invention may be performed.
Figure 1 represents the back of a cravat to which a fastening constructed
according to my Invention is appplied, the slide of the fastening being represented
in its normal or fastening position; Figure 2 represents the same view as Figure 1,
with the slide pressed inwards to unfasten the cravat; Figure 3 represents the loop
plate turned from off the foundation plate preparatory to the engaging of the said
loop plate with the collar button or stud; Figure 4 represents in elevation, Figure 5.
in vertical section, and Figure 6 in horizontal section, the fastening in conjunction
with a portion of a shirt and a collar stud applied to the shirt, the said Figures 4,
5, and 6 exhibiting the manner in which the cravat is connected to the collar, stud
by the use of my improved fastening.

page_text: Figure 7 represents the foundation plate detached; Figure 8 represents the loop
plate detached; and Figure 9 the slide detached.
The same letters indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the Drawing.
a is the foundation plate of the fastening sewn at a², a², to the back stiffening
piece c of the cravat; or ears or small tongues may be made on the vertical edges
of the foundation plate a, and the said plate secured to the back of the cravat by
passing the said ears through the stiffening piece c, and clinching them before the
said stiffening piece is sewn to the back of the cravat. b is the loop plate jointed
at 62, 62, to the bottom edge of the foundation plate a, the said loop plate being
made capable, by means of the joint at 62, 63, of opening from the foundation plate a
(see Figure 3), or of closing upon the said plate (see Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5). By
means of a spring tongue d, made from the foundation plate a, bearing against the
heel of the loop plate b, in the manner best seen in Figure 5, the said loop plate is
held firmly either in its closed or open position. e is the circular loop in the loop
plate b. The loop plate is made of a box form, and in the said box a slide f works.
In the middle and at the upper part of the slide a semi-circular opening of the
same radius as the loop e is made, as illustrated. The said slide is moved by means
of the projecting part or pusher f2 at one end of the said slide, and the slide is
pressed into its normal position, Figures 1 and 3, by the coiled spring g bearing at
one end against a shoulder on the slide, and the other end against a shoulder on the
loop plate, as seen in the Drawing. When the slide f is in its normal position it
covers about one half of the loop e in the loop plate (see Figures 1 and 3), and by
pushing inwards the lip or pusher f the slide is made to uncover the whole of the
said loop in the loop plate (see Figure 2).
In fastening the cravat to the collar stud h on the shirt ȧ the loop plate b is turned
from off the foundation plate a, so as to make an angle of about 40 or 50 degrees
therewith, and the slide f is pressed inwards by the finger so as to open or uncover
the loop e (see Figure 2). The loop e is now engaged upon the front disc h of the
collar stud, and the loop plate b permitted to close upon the foundation plate a by
the action of the spring d, and the finger removed from the slide f. As the slide f
springs into its normal position the part at f³ snaps behind the front disc h of the
collar stud, and partly closes the loop e, and the said loop is prevented from being
withdrawn from the said stud, as will be understood by an examination of Figures 1,
4, 5, and 6, where the cravat is represented fastened to the collar stud.
In order to remove the cravat the lip or pusher f2 of the slide f is pressed
inwards, as seen in Figure 2, so as to uncover the loop and unfasten the cravat. The
loop e may now be lifted from off the stud h and the cravat removed.
The slide ff, ƒ³, may move vertically instead of horizontally, but I prefer to
arrange the parts of the fastening in the manner represented in the Drawing.
When two horizontal slides moving in opposite directions are used, the inner acting
ends of the said slides engage on opposite sides of the stem of the collar button or
stud to fasten the cravat in its place, the fastening being released by pressing
inwards by the thumb and finger both the pushers of the slides.
I apply my Invention to the fastening of neck ties and neck bows in the manner
described and represented with respect to a cravat.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention
the new or improved fastenings for connecting neck ties, neck bows, and cravats to
the collar button, or collar stud, or its equivalent, herein before described, and illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, fastenings consisting essentially
of a foundation plate secured to the back of the neck tie, neck bow, or cravat, to
which plate a second or loop plate is jointed, the said loop plate being provided
with a spring slide or slides, which on being pressed inwards uncover the loop and
permit the head of the collar button or stud to enter the loop, the said slide or slides
when pressure is removed from them engaging behind the button or stud, and

page_text: fastening the loop plate to the said button or stud, the parts being constructed,
arranged, and acting substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Cutler, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
HENRY SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
DAVID CUTLER. (L.S.)