IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE SPEED OF MACHINERY, AND APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE PRESSURE OF STEAM AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lee Norton, of Belle Sauvage Yard,
Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, and James Landless, of Nelson,
near Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE SPEED OF MACHINERY,
AND APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE PRESSURE OF STEAM AND OTHER
FLUIDS."
Sealed the 25th May 1866, and dated the 30th November 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lee Norton and
James Landless at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th November 1865.
We, JAMES LEE NORTON, of Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate Hill, in the
City of London, and JAMES LANDLESS, of Nelson, near Burnley, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE SPEED OF MACHINERY,
AND APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE PRESSURE OF STEAM AND OTHER FLUIDS," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for register-
ing the speed of machinery, and in apparatus for registering the pressure of
steam and other fluids. For the purpose of registering the speed of

page_text: machinery we employ a drum around which a strip of paper is lapped;
this drum is driven at a slow and regular speed by a clock. On the paper
the point of a pencil is caused to bear, and this pencil if stationary would
draw a straight line in the direction in which the paper travels. The
pencil, however, has a movement given to it in a line across the paper or
parallel to the axis of the drum, and this motion is given by the machinery
the speed of which is to be measured; the machinery drives by worms and
worm wheels an axis with a snail cam upon it; this actuates a sliding rod,
which by its movement works a rocking shaft, and on this is an arm for
traversing the pencil; the pencil is not attached directly to the
arm, because
a rectilinear motion is required, but it is secured to the middle of a link
connecting the pencil arm with a radius rod of the same length centred to
a point on the opposite side of the pencil and drum. The action of the
snail cam traverses the pencil across the paper at a slower or faster rate
according to the speed at which the machinery is driven, and this motion
of the pencil compounded with the motion of the paper produced by the
clock results in the tracing of a line diagonally across the paper; if the
speed is uniform this line will be straight, but if irregular the line will
déviate to the one side or the other. In order that the diagram produced
inäy be readily computed it is convenient that the paper employed should
have two sets of lines printed upon it, 'one set at distances apart equal to
the motion it will when in use receive in one hour from the clock, the other
set of lines cut the first at right angles, and should be at distances apart
equal to the amount of movement the pencil will receive from the machine
during one hour's work at the proper or average speed. When in the
manner described the pencil has been traversed completely across the
diagram, the sliding rod by which the pencil is worked escapes from the
point of the snail cam, and a spring brings both the pencil and the sliding
rod immediately back to their starting points. This rapid return of the
pencil after completing a diagonal is an important feature of the arrange-
ment, as if the form of the cam were such as to produce a gradual return
of the pencil, and consequently a diagonal line in the opposite direction,
the diagram would be much more difficult to compute. Frequently it is
not convenient to fit the registering apparatus in the immediate vicinity of
the machinery the speed of which is to be registered; in this case we
cause the machinery at each stroke or rotation, or after a convenient number
of strokes or rotations, to give motion to a diaphragm or piston, and
compress or rarify the air in a pipe or passage leading to the registering
apparatus, where the air actuates a diaphragm or other convenient instru-

page_text: ment, and this by intermediate gearing gives a slow motion to the marking
pencil. In order to register continuously the pressure of steam, water, or
other fluid, we employ a drum turned by a clock as before, and a pencil is
caused by the pressure of the steam or fluid to move in a direction parallel-
to the axis of the drum; the steam or fluid is admitted underneath a dia-
phragm which is supported by a coiled spring, and the pressure deflecting
the spring moves a rod which works a rocking shaft and pencil arm as
before.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
; filed by the said James Lee Norton and James Landless in the Great
Séal Patent Office on the 30th May 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
LEE NORTON, of Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate Hill, in the City of London,
and JAMES LANDLESS, of Nelson, near Burnley, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting."
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth!
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto. us, the said James Lee Norton and James Landless, Her
spécial licence that we, the said James Lee Norton and James Landless,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
James Lee Norton and James Landless, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE SPEED OF
MACHINERY, AND APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE PRESSURE OF STEAM AND OTHER
FLUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Lee
Norton and James Landless, our executors or administrators, by an instru
ment in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal. of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters. Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Lee Norton, on behalf of
myself and the said James Landless, do hereby declare, the nature of said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be parti-
cularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
.
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for register-
ing the speed of machinery, and in apparatus for registering the pressure
of steam and other fluids. For the purpose of registering the speed of
machinery we employ a drum around which a strip of paper is lapped;
this drum is driven at a slow and regular speed by a clock. On the paper
the point of a pencil is caused to bear, and this pencil if stationary would
draw a straight line in the direction in which the paper travels. The
pencil, however, has a movement given to it in a line across the paper or
parallel to the axis of the drum, and this motion is given by the machinery
the speed of which is to be measured; the machinery drives by worms.and
worm wheels an axis with a snail cam upon it; this actuates a sliding rod;
which by its movement works a rocking shaft, and on this is an arm for
traversing the pencil; the pencil is not attached directly to the arm, because
a rectilinear motion is required, but it is secured to the middle of a link
connecting the pencil arm with a radius rod of the same length centred to
a point on the opposite side of the pencil and drum. The action of the
snail cam traverses the pencil across the paper at a slower or faster rate
according to the speed at which the machinery is driven, and this motion
of the pencil compounded with the motion of the paper produced by the
clock results in the tracing of a line diagonally across the paper; if the
speed is uniform this line will be straight, but if irregular the line will
deviate to the one side or the other. In order that the diagram. produced
may be readily computed it is convenient that the paper employed should
have two sets of lines printed upon it, one set at distances: apart equal to
the motion it will when in use receive in one hour from the clock, the
other set of lines cut the first at right angles, and should be at distances
apart equal to the amount of movement the pencil will receive from the
machine during one liour's work at the proper or average speed. When
in the manner described the pencil has been traversed completely across
the diagram, the sliding rod by which the pencil is worked escapes from
the point of the snail cam, and a spring brings both the pencil and the
sliding rod immediately back to their starting points. This rapid return of
the pencil after completing a diagonal is an important feature of the arrange-
ment, as if the form of the cam were such as to produce a gradual return of

page_text: the pencil, and consequently a diagonal line in the opposite direction, the
diagram would be much more difficult to compute. Frequently it is not
convenient to fit the registering apparatus in the immediate vicinity of the
machinery the speed of which is to be registered; in this case we cause the
machinery at each stroke or rotation, or after a convenient number of
strokes or rotations, to give motion to a diaphragm or piston, and compress
or rarify the air in a pipe or passage leading to the registering apparatus,
where the air actuates a diaphragm or other convenient instrument, and
this by intermediate gearing gives a slow motion to the marking pencil.
ID: order to register continuously the pressure of steam, water, or other
fluid we employ a drum turned by a clock as before, and a pencil is caused
by the pressure of the steam or fluid to move in a direction parallel to the
axis of the drum; the steam or fluid is admitted underheath a diaphragm
which is supported by a coiled spring, and the pressure deflecting the
spring moves a rod which works a rocking shaft and pencil arm as before.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner in which the same is to be performed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section, Figures 2 and 3 show two
transverse sections, one taken near that end of the apparatus which records
the speed of machinery, and the other taken near the other end of the
apparatus where the pressure of steam or of other fluid is recorded; and
Figure 4 shows a plan in section of the apparatus. It should be stated
that although the two combinations of apparatus are shown to be arranged
in one case, having but one clock to drive the two cylinders, it will be
evident that when the two records are not required to be kept, then
either combined apparatus may be made separately and actuated by its
own clockwork. Figure 5 and Figure 5 show on a larger scale some of
the parts of the apparatus used for recording the speed of machinery;
Figure 6 shows on a larger scale some of the parts of the apparatus used
for recording the pressure of steam or other fluids; Figure. 7 shows a piece
of paper printed or ruled suitably for receiving the marks of the marker
employed in each apparatus; a is a pulley on a shaft b, this pulley, by a
cord or band receives motion from the machinery the speed of which it is
desired to record. On the shaft is a worm or screw c, which gives motion
to the worm wheel d on the shaft e, which by a worm and worm wheel
gives motion to a shaft e', on which is fixed the cam f; this cam presses on
the end of the rod g, which is constantly kept up thereto by a spring.

page_text: The lower end of this rod g is connected to a crank or arm on the shaft h;
which has an arm fixed thereon, which gives motion to a link ³ which
carries the marker; the other end of the link is pin-jointed to the arm or
rod h³ and swings with it; i is the cylinder on which the recording paper is
fixed. On the axis e¹ is a pointing hand which points to a dial n, and
indicates the speed at which the machine is being driven. . The cylinder i
receives motion from clockwork by a wheel j which turns with the axis³,
and gears into two wheels j, j, one on the axis of the cylinder i and the
other on the cylinder k, which receives the paper used for recording the
variations in the pressure of steam or other fluid in the following manner :-
7 is a rocking lever on the shaft or axis m, which at its upper end is pin-
jointed to one end of a link m', the other end of which is pin-jointed to an
arm m³, which swings with the link. On the shaft m is a crank or arm
ms, which gives motion. to the bar or rod mt, the lower end of which is pin-
jointed to it. On the upper end of this bar or rod m' is a rack m³, which
gives motion to the pinion o on the axis o¹. On the axis j³ is a pointer
pointing to a dial n¹, and on the axis o' is also a pointer pointing to another
dial n² to indicate at all times the pressure of the steam. On the shaft m
is a crank or arm m³, which rests on a point p on the centre of a circular
'corrugated diaphragm of a pressure gauge q, or it may be other form of
apparatus acted on by the pressure of steam or other fluid, hence any
variation in pressure will be marked on the paper on the cylinder k.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that we do not confine
ourselves to the precise details, as a mechanic will readilly be able to vary
'them to some extent; what we claim is the mode herein described of
combining apparatus for registering the speed of machinery, and we also
claim the mode herein described of combining apparatus for registering the
pressure of steam or other fluids.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Lee Norton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
J. L. NORTON. (L.S.)