A New or Improved Orrery.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th June, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Orrery.
I JOHN BAKER FISHER Crown Inn Beach Street Deal Kent Licensed
Victualler do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
--
A machine to illustrate the daily and yearly motion of the earth, and the
phases & eclipses of the moon, and the eclipses of the sun-constructed of the
following details, a pivot on stand-on which swings an arm, two pulleys or wheels
one fixed on pivot, and the other revolving on swinging arm a belt chain cord
or rods connecting these pulleys or wheels so that they act in concert a sphere
or spheroid mounted on spindle moved by pulley or wheel mounted on arm so that
when the arm is swung the spindle maintains a certain angle with the plane of
the circle described by the arm the plane of the angle maintaining its direction
likewise, to illustrate the seasons equinoxes & solstices-the spindle or a wheel on
spindle to roll, giving the rolling motion to the sphere or spheroid-to illustrate
the diurnal motion of the earth, a smaller sphere supported on a wire or other
connection to be applied on the spindle aforesaid and caused to revolve in a plane
other than that of the equator around the sphere or spheroid which illustrates
the earth a sphere or its equivalent which may be illuminated, mounted on the
pivot aforesaid to illustrate the sun-the apparatus to be set in motion by hand
or by suitable mechanical arrangement.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Orrery.
I JOHN BAKER FISHER of Beach Street, Deal, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to orreries, and has for its object to produce a simple
apparatus to exemplify simultaneously the motion of the earth around the sun,
the motion of the earth on its own axis, and the motion of the moon around the
earth.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings:-
Figure 1 represents the arrangement of my invention in sectional side elevation.
Figure 2 is an end elevation.
Figure 3 is a plan.
A base a, mounted on feet 6 which are tipped with indiarubber, is fitted with a
fixed vertical tubular pivot c on which an arm d revolves and a pulley or wheel
and a brackets are fixed :-The base a is likewise fitted with a crank h wherewith
to revolve a disc which disc is fixed to the arm d;-The crank h is fitted with
indiarubber tubing and metal washers at l. A sphere 9, representing the sun, may
be illuminated by means of the tube c or otherwise. The arm d is fitted with a
loose pulley or wheel m corresponding with the pulley or wheel f, and the pulley
or wheel m is connected with the pulley or wheelf by a belt n or otherwise in such
manner that they act in concert. A forked bracket o is fixed tightly into the
pulley or wheel m. A ring bracket p is fixed to or forms part of the arm d.
A spindle 9 is carried around in the ring bracket p on the pulley or wheelm and in
the forked bracket o by the revolving of the arm d. The spindle 9 is also prevented

page_text: from turning on its own axis by a fork r which is firmly fixed on the said spindle q,
and adjusted to enclose the forked bracket o. The spindle q is fitted with a fixed
collar at u to carry a tube t, and bent at v to form an axis for the revolution of a
cap a.
The tube is mounted at u and at w with indiarubber tubing. A sphere s
representing the earth is mounted firmly on the tube t. The tube t is revolved
on the spindle g by rolling at u in the interior of the ring when the arm d
P
is revolved on the pivot . The cap, carrying with it a sphere y representing
the moon, is rotated by the revolving of the tube t. The sphere y is. balanced on
the spindle q.by extra metal in the opposite side of the cap .
Figure 4 is a plan of the bracket e.
Figure 5 is a plan of the bracket p.
Figure 6-is a sectional elevation of a duplicate sphere and spindle fixed together,
which duplicate sphere and spindle can be substituted, when spindle q with its
appertaining sphere and its other details have been removed, with the object of
exemplifying, when desirable, the motions of the earth only.
Figure 7 is a view of a spindle which may be used as a substitute for spindle q
when it is desirable to make the orbit of the sphere y approximately concentric
with the sphere 8. The pulley m may be made slightly smaller in diameter than
the pulley with the object of illustrating the glacial periods and the precession of
the equinoxes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
In orreries, the combined use of the following details which details are sub-
stantially described with reference to the accompanying drawings:-An arm to
rotate on a pirot-Two pullies or wheels connected by a belt or otherwise, one of
which said pulleys, or wheels is fixed on the pivot, and the other loose on a spindle
which is fixed into or forms part of the arm-A spindle mounted with a sphere
or spheroid which sphere or spheroid may be fixed or loose on the said spindle:-
A ring bracket which is fixed to or forms part of the arm, within which ring
bracket the said spindle; or a tubular-mounting of the sphere or spheroid, may be
caused to revolve on its own axis by the said ring bracket when the arm is
rotated.
-
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of June 1892.