Improved Method and Apparatus for Sifting, Bolting, Sorting, Grading, or Separating Meal, Middlings, and other like Pul- verulent or Granular Materials or Produce.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1887-Accepted, 25th Oct., 1887
CUMI LEIE SIECIFICATIUN
(AMENDED.)
Improved Method and Apparatus for Sifting, Bolting, Sorting,
Grading, or Separating Meal, Middlings, and other like Pul-
verulent or Granular Materials or Produce.
I, CARL HAGGENMACHER, of Buda Pest, in the Kingdom of Hungary, Mill
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described in and by the following
statement, that is to say:
A long series of experiments made by me have proved that a certain swinging
or swaying motion of sieve surfaces produced mechanically as hereinafter ex-
plained is of itself and especially when combined with the use of certain accessory
appliances or arrangements also hereinafter specified capable of enabling the
conveying sifting, bolting, sorting, grading, or separating of all kinds of pul-
verulent or granular substances on descending, horizontal, or ascending sieve
surfaces to be performed with considerable advantage and that it secures a
mechanical effect by far superior to that attained by the modes of sifting hitherto
in use the said swinging or swaying motion being altogether different from the
backwards and forwards reciprocating or shaking motion and from the motion of
rotation ordinarily employed every point on the sieve surfaces (as projected on a
horizontal plane) being caused to invariably describe the same circular or elliptic
or nearly elliptic curve the long and the short axis of which never exceed the
proportion of 1: 2 that is to say the major axis never being more than about
twice the length of the minor axis.
The annexed drawings Figures 1 to 17 illustrate five different modifications of
apparatus shewing how my invention may be carried out in practice but I do
not limit myself to the precise forms of construction shewn as the mechanical
arrangements by which the said swinging or swaying (oscillatory) motion peculiar
to my invention can be imparted to the sieve surfaces may evidently be greatly
varied without affecting the spirit of the invention. The apparatus illustrated
is adapted for the manufacture of flour suitable means being provided for effecting
the transference from sieve to sieve of the material to be bolted or sifted as indi-
cated in the drawing.
Figures 18 36 show some details which it was not possible to illustrate dis-
tinetly enough in Figures 1 to 17 ie. the devices for conveying and distributing
the material to be bolted over descending, horizontal, or ascending (rising) sieve
surfaces and other details connected with the sieves and finally certain arrange-
ments which are operated by the above described working motion for the purpose
of clearing the meshes of the bolting cloth or material.
The acting surfaces of the sieves in all the aforesaid five modifications are either
bolting (sizing) sieves marked s effecting the sifting or bolting process proper or
are transit or conveying sieves marked through which pass both the material

page_text: to be bolted and the material bolted or they are sieve bottoms marked / made of
linen or some other suitable stuff and intended for conveying both the material
bolted and to be bolted. In some cases I also employ sieves marked t (Figures 22
to 26 and 32 to 35) which carry cleaning materials operating as hereinafter
described for cleaning the meshes of the bolting sieves and breaks sieves marked
Figures 23, 25, 26 and 32 the particular objects of which are hereinafter
explained.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 an outer rectangular
swinging frame Reis employed being suspended on suspension rods g, which are
adjustable as to their length and work on ball and socket joints at both ends. A
shaft K is carried by a hanging frame T and is provided at its lower extremity
with an eccentric pin working in a bearing fixed to an arm or bracket b fixed to
the frame R. is the driving pulley and S is a frame placed in the outer frame R
and carrying the bolting or sifting fabric or material. Rotary motion being
imparted to the shaft K by means of the pulley r the crank pin at the lower end
of the shaft imparts a circular swinging or swaying motion to the frame R and
sieve frame S.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 a similar circular swinging
motion is imparted to a frame R supporting a series of drums S¹ S S S and S
provided with inclined sieves. The frame R is suspended by rods adjustable
as to their length and working in ball and socket joints at both ends as in the
preceding arrangement and is guided or steadied by adjustable rods g the upper
ends of which are connected to the frame R by a universal joint in the same
way as the rods the lower ends being hooked onto springs f attached to the
floor. These springs when properly bent or adjusted render the oscillating
motion more smooth and steady. A driving shaft W supported at its lower end
in a footstep bearing on a frame or pillar T and at its upper extremity in a
bearing L carries a driving pulley and an eccentric E (Figure 5) fixed on the
said shaft. The eccentric works in an eccentric strap or ring attached to the
inner cylindrical and hollow portion of the frame R and imparts the required
motion to the said frame.
7"
In the modification illustrated in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 a suspended or hanging
frame T (see enlarged detail Figure 9 is employed supporting in a socket La
ball connected to a shaft W. A hollow shaft or cylindrical box B carrying a
driving pulley works in bearings L1 and L2 and contains an eccentric and in-
clined bush working on the shaft W. Two pins or trunnions attached to the
ball prevent the shaft W from rotating in the bearing L. When rotary motion
is imparted to the box B a circular swinging motion is transmitted through the
eccentric bush to the shaft W and to the sieves S1 S2 S3. The sieves ST S² S³
rest upon the cross bars or arms and screwed or bolted to naves or bosses n¹
and to which are also connected the pressure rings m² m² and m³. The said
naves or bosses and the pressure rings touch each other in an intersecting plane
inclined to the axis of the shaft (see Figure 22 drawn to an enlarged scale) on
which plane the slope or inclination of the arms and and sieves St S S
may be slightly increased or diminished when required
In the modification illustrated in Figures 10, 11, and 12 the vertical driving
shaft works in suitable bearings in a hanging frame T and the swinging
shaft W carrying the sieves S1 S2 and S3 as in the preceding arrangement works
on a universal joint P at its lower extremity as illustrated on a larger scale in
Figures 13 and 14. A driving pulley is fixed on the shaft W, and this shaft
is provided at its lower extremity with an arm or driver k in which is fitted
an inclined bush working on the upper end of the swinging shaft W. The
sieve drums S1 S2 S are attached to the shaft Win the same way and their
slope is adjustable as in the construction described with reference to Figures 7, 8
and 22. The rotation of the shaft. W and driver k imparts a circular swinging
motion to the shaft Was will be readily understood on referring to the drawing.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 15, 16 and 17 a suspended or hanging

page_text: frame T supports a driving, shaft W fitted with an arm or driver k and with a
driving pulley. The sieves are operated by a swinging shaft W₁ provided with
a spherical or globular collar working in a socket P. The lower end of this shaft
works in an inclined bush in the arm or driver & and its upper end revolves in a
collar M. This collar is provided with pins by which it is connected to a
bow b secured to the frame R. By means of the suspension rods y adjustable as
to their length and terminating at each extremity in ball and socket joints the
frame R is connected to rocking arms f oscillating on a shaft u supported by two
hangers, the hangers being fixed to the ceiling.
The number of revolutions of the driving shaft W in all these modifications is
from about 150 to 220 per minute, the stroke of the crank or its equivalent being
from about 0.08 to 0.12 meter (about 3 to 5 inches) but neither the number of
revolutions nor the length of the stroke are restricted to these limits as they
must be proportioned to the requirements of each single case.
The general
result is: the longer the stroke the less revolutions; the special rule: the finer
the material under treatment, the more revolutions or the longer the stroke.
In every case the arrows- indicate the path or direction of movement of the
material to be sifted or bolted, the arrows- that of the sifted or bolted material
proper passing away and the arrows -indicate the path of certain cleaning
or clearing material hereinafter described; the discharge or outlet shoots for the
sifted materials are marked G¹ G G³ etc.
-
As will be understood by referring to the drawings Figures 1 to 17 it is
entirely left to the option of the maker or of the operator either to lead away
directly above the sieve surface one of the two sorts or grades separated accord-
ing to size by each single bolting or grading sieve and to direct the other sort
underneath the sieve surfaces to the next sieve or to lead away directly one of
the two sorts underneath the sieve surface and to direct the other sort over the
sieve surfaces from sieve to sieve or even to vary at pleasure the order of this
leading away and directing or transferring of the two sorts or grades.
2
The conveyance and the distribution on the bolting sieves s of the material
under treatment are performed by guides (Figures 33 to 36) arranged parallel to
the course taken by the material under treatment and composed of the straight
guiding slats or bars (forming ridges projecting above the surface of the sieves)
and the equidistant conveying slats or bars w joining the former at one end at
an obtuse working angle their length increasing progressively from the side
where the material to be bolted is delivered onto the bolting sieve to the side
where it leaves the sieve (Figures 34 and 36). The object of these guides w is
to push the material under treatment forward and also by virtue of their
gradually increasing length to more and more contract or narrow the free passage
of the materials or produce under treatment so as to regulate their rate of advanc-
ing thus causing the stock on the sieve in spite of the loss of the portion escaping
through the meshes to retain as much as possible a uniform height or thickness
of layer over the whole surface of the cloth. This arrangement allows the
material or produce under treatment to be conveyed distributed and bolted by
means of the working motion on descending, horizontal or rising sieve surfaces in
such a manner that the nearer the obtuse working angle formed by the sides w
and approaches a right angle the greater is the energy of the material in advanc-
ing even in a considerably rising direction but in the simplified arrangement
illustrated in Figures 24 and 26 equidistant distributing slats arranged on the
bolting sieves s and crossing the course of the material to be bolted are employed
whose sole function is to perform the distribution of the material under treatment
because the bolting sieves being in this instance sufficiently inclined the working
motion of the apparatus is of itself able to propel the materials without the help
of the guides.
Trials have shewn that sieves worked in this manner require when employed
for the treatment of flour a continually acting arrangement to keep the meshes

page_text: clear which arrangement is not generally necessary for breaks- semolina- and
middlings-sieves.
Figures 18 to 21 illustrate two mechanical devices for keeping the bolting
sieves clear. Both of them are based upon and actuated by the peculiar working
motion herein before described and they are applicable to the arrangement illus-
trated in Figures 4 and 5.
Figures 18 and 19 illustrate an arrangement with a brush B sweeping the
inferior or under side of the bolting sieve s. The sieve shewn consists
of the outer ring a its lower side being clothed with the sieve bottom with the
transit sieve p joined to the latter. In the ring a the inner ring 6 having its
lower side clothed with the bolting sieves is inserted. The ring rests on
ledges e c .c.
The material under treatment falls at f upon the bolting sieves and moves in
the direction of the arrows
The sifted material that has passed through the cloth moves on the sieve
bottom in the same direction as the material above the sieve and after having
passed through the transit sieve it reaches the next bolting sieve.
The above described circular or drum like sieve rests upon and is fixed to a
cross bar I. A bush m Figure 18 inserted in the latter centrally to the sieve
drum forms a bearing for a shaft carrying at its upper extremity the brush B
sweeping the under side of the bolting sieve s. A lever arm H with an adjust-
able weight is secured to the lower end of the said shaft. The brush B is con-
nected to a spring the free extremity of which engages with teeth d Figure 19
which may be conveniently formed by a strip of corrugated or undulated sheet
metal as indicated in the plan.
g
Now when the machine is set in motion the brush B will oscillate together with
the sieve the former however owing to its own vis inertia enhanced by that of the
weight will remain behind at the moment when the spring i is at liberty to
slip over the teeth d. This remaining behind constitutes the working motion of
the Hrush relatively to the sieve. A certain segment of the sieve will thus slide
over the brush when the teeth d slip over the spring and this motion being
repeated with the working of the sieve the brush with an intermittingly pro-
gressive action will sweep the entire under surface of the bolting sieves thus
continually cleaning the same. By displacing the weight the eis inertia and
consequently also the number of movements of the brush may be increased or
diminished as required. The shaft can be raised or lowered even when in
action by adjusting a point or centre screwed into a bracket z. By this means
when the brush wears away it can be readily raised and brought closer to the
sieve so as to enable it to continue to clear the meshes effectually. In order
to throw the brush out of action when required the lever arm H. may be stopped
by a projection on the arm L drawn in dotted lines in Figure 19.
Figure 20 and 21 illustrate the second of the two aforesaid arrangements for
keeping the bolting sieves clear. The sieve in question is composed of an outer
ring or drum in which there are inserted one upon another an inner bottom
ring an inner middle ring e and an inner top ring f. The upper edge of the
bottom ring is clothed with the sieve bottom. The under edge of the top ring f
is clothed with the inclined bolting sieve s. The sole object of the middle ring.c
is to maintain the proper slope or inclination of the two planes (sieve bottom
and bolting sieve) formed by the clothings of the rings band f. In order to
direct the tailings of each preceding bolting sieve to each following bolting sieve
the lowest portion of these bolting sieves is clothed from e with the transit
sieve
and in every one of the rings e and a ridge or partition piece is inserted
boxing in the passage or aperture d.
This arrangement causes the material fed to the bolting sieve at g to proceed
in the direction of the arrows to pd whereas the material bolted or which
has passed through the sieve will proceed on the sieve bottom in the direction
of the arrows - (Figure 21) and pass away through openings at y.

page_text: Now the above described drum sieve is by readily yielding springs i connected
to the supports fastened to the frame of the apparatus in such a way as to
cause the buffers ffffff (Figure 21) while the frame is oscillating to
alternately knock against each other thus producing such a concussion of the
sieve as is sufficient to keep the meshes of said sieve open or clear. When the
buffers are not intended to beat against each other through the aforesaid action
of the springs the buffers f f f are pressed against each other by turning
a screw 10.
Figures 22 and 23 shew a third and substantially quite new arrangement for
keeping the bolting sieve clear by means of cleaning materials or bodies acting
as hereinafter described. This arrangement based upon and actuated by the
working motion of the sieve itself is applicable to all or any of the sifting or
bolting apparatus herein before set forth. By the expression cleaning materials
or bodies, granular matter or substances are to be understood of not too heavy
a specific weight but yet capable of wearing as long as possible.
The arrangement illustrated in Figures 22 and 23 is applied to a circular or
drum sieve such as the bottom sieve in one of the arrangements hereinbefore
described with reference to Figures 6 to 8 and 10 to 12 and it consists of an
outer ring aan inner bottom ring b supporting a second inner ring clothed
below with the sieve bottom. The ring supports the third inner ring
inferior side being clothed with the cleaning sieve and on d rests the inner top
ringe clothed at the bottom with the bolting sieve s.
its
Within the space between the bolting sieves and the cleaning sieve t and by
means of straight slats arranged alternately with zig zag slats or propelling or
conveying slats w the cleaning material is by the motion of the sieve herein-
before described forced to follow the course shewn by the arrows - Figure 23
the said material being at the same time shaken up and thrown or projected
against the underside of the bolting sieves in such a manner as to clear the
meshes (or interstices) of the latter." A connecting trunk situated outside the
drum communicates with the aforesaid space and is fitted with a similar zig zag
guide for the purpose of causing the cleaning material to circulate continually
in the direction indicated by the arrows »
"
The cleaning sieve is considerably coarser than the bolting sieve. The clean-
ing material is also coarser than the meshes of the cleaning sieve. The stock
or produce to be bolted reaches the bolting sieve at g and advances in the direc-
tion of the arrows The tailings leave the drum passing through the
openings y and the material bolted after passing through the sieves and through
the cleaning sieve t falls onto the sieve bottom 7 where it travels in the direction
of the arrows and is finally discharged through the apertures y (Figure 23).
The necessary amount of cleaning material is supplied to the drum through
an opening cut in the cover of the connecting trunk and provided with a lid
or cover capable of being shut. The cleaning sieve t communicates with a breaks
sieve in the connecting trunk by means of this breaks sieve all the particles
of the cleaning material which by little and little get worn and broken are con-
tinually separated and discharged at the lowest part of the bottom /¹.
The cleaning material employed may consist of any suitable substance capable
of keeping the meshes of the bolting sieves clear by a knocking and rubbing
action without damaging the cloth and without soiling the produce. Cleaned
semolina or breaks from that variety of corn the ground products of which are
to be subjected to the action of the respective apparatus hulled rice wheat barley
peas and suchlike will be found to answer the purpose best.
In dealing with produce which does not require the bolting sieves to be cleared
occasionally no cleaning material of course is supplied or the cleaning material
supplied is put out of circulation by adjusting the slide z attached to the zig zag k.
Figures 24, 25 and 26 illustrate an analogous arrangement to that lastly
herein before described for keeping the bolting sieves clear by means of cleaning
material and adapted for use with the apparatus illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3

page_text: being likewise applicable to other rectangular sieves such as those illustrated in
Figures 15, 16, and 17 as will be readily understood by referring to the drawing
without further description the same letters of reference being used to mark the
parts corresponding with those referred to in the description of Figures 22 and 23.
Instead of the above described zig zag conveying ridges or slats k undulatory
guides may be used if desired.
Figure 32 illustrates a modified form of the conveying guides for propelling or
causing the cleaning material to circulate these guides differing from those pre-
viously described only in that they are not zig zag or undulatory but arranged
in the form of baffles set at an obtuse marking angle as shewn by the drawing.
These obtuse marking angles with the help of the working motion cause the
cleaning material to move in the direction of the arrows
i.e. in the same
direction as that herein before set forth with reference to Figures 23 and 25.
In conclusion Figures 27 to 31 shew without by any means exhibiting all of
them some examples of the way in which by means of the before mentioned
peculiar working motion and with the help of a suitable slope or inclination of
the sieve the materials under treatment may also be caused to travel over the
bolting sieves in the directions indicated by the arrows.
By these means it is possible to direct the material to be bolted along the sur-
face of the bolting sieves, and the material bolted along the sieve bottom as well
as the cleaning material along the cleaning sieves in any desired direction whether
these sieve surfaces be horizontal rising or descending. In this case the spaces
between the slats and forming the baffles r we have simply to be arranged
either in straight lines as per Figures 34 and 36 or in curves or polygons form-
ing passages along which the materials are caused to travel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I do not
claim as novel :-
In sifting machines wherein one sieve or several communicating sieves are used
such sieves having a swinging or swaying (not a shaking) motion imparted to
them substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings the employnient for the purpose of forwarding by jerking action and
also of distributing the produce, to be sifted over the sieve proper and also for
the purpose of forwarding the produce or materials on the sieve bottoms of pro-
pelling or conveying bars or slats arranged on these surfaces whether these latter
be descending horizontal or ascending so that each of the said surfaces is divided
in such a manner as to form one or more passages or channels each of which is
provided on one side according to the direction in which the produce or material
are required to travel with conveying or propelling bars arranged at suitable
intervals the said passages being arranged relatively to each other or to their
different parts in the same or in opposite direction alternately and in straight or
curved lines (Figures 22-26 and 32-36. But what I do claim is:
In combination with the propelling bars or slats referred to in the preceding
paragraph the employment of a sieve arranged underneath the sieve proper and
carrying cleaning materials which being caused to circulate between the said
two sieves and being caused to partake of a jerking motion by the swinging
motion of the sieves affect the cleaning or clearing of the meshes or interstices
of the sieve proper by knocking against the under surface thereof substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 22-26 and 32 to 36 of the
accompanying drawings.
D L
1001

page_text: Improved Method and Apparatus for Sifting, Bolting, Sorting,
Grading or Separating Meal, Middlings, and other like
Pulverulent or Granular Materials or Produce.
I CARL HAGGENMACHER of Buda Pest in the Kingdom of Hungary Mill Manager
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement,
that is to say :-
A long series of experiments made by me have proved that a certain swinging or
swaying motion of sieve surfaces produced mechanically as hereinafter explained is of
itself and especially when combined with the use of certain accessory appliances or
arrangements also hereinafter specified capable of enabling the conveying sifting,
bolting, sorting, grading, or separating of all kinds of pulverulent or granular
substances on descending, horizontal, or ascending sieve surfaces to be performed with
considerable advantage and that it secures a mechanical effect by far superior to that
attained by the modes of sifting hitherto in use the said swinging or swaying motion
being altogether different from the backwards and forwards reciprocating or shaking
motion and from the motion of rotation ordinarily employed every point on the sieve
surfaces (as projected on a horizontal plane) being caused to invariably describe the
same circular or elliptic or nearly elliptic curve the long and the short axis of which
never exceed the proportion of 1: 2 that is to say the major axis never being more
than about twice the length of the minor axis.
The annexed drawings figures 1 to 17 illustrate five different modifications of
apparatus shewing how my Invention may be carried out in practice but I do not
limit myself to the precise forms of construction shewn as the mechanical arrangements

page_text: by which the said swinging or swaying (oscillatory) motion peculiar to my Invention
can be imparted to the sieve surfaces may evidently be greatly varied without affecting
the spirit of the Invention. The apparatus illustrated is adapted for the manufacture
of flour suitable means being provided for effecting the transference from sieve to
sieve of the material to be bolted or sifted as indicated in the drawing.
Figures 18-36 shew some details which it was not possible to illustrate distinctly
enough in figures 1 to 17 i.e. the devices for conveying and distributing the material
to be bolted over descending, horizontal, or ascending (rising) sieve surfaces and other
details connected with the sieves and finally certain arrangements which are operated
by the above described working motion for the purpose of clearing the meshes of the
bolting cloth or material.
The acting surfaces of the sieves in all the aforesaid five modifications are either
bolting (sizing) sieves marked s effecting the sifting or bolting process proper or are
transit or conveying sieves marked p through which pass both the material to be
bolted and the material bolted or they are sieve bottoms marked made of linen or
some other suitable stuff and intended for conveying both the material bolted and to be
bolted. In some cases I also employ sieves marked t (figures 22 to 26 and 32 to 35)
which carry cleaning materials operated as hereinafter described for cleaning the
meshes of the bolting sieves and breaks sieves marked q figures 23, 25, 26 and 32 the
particular objects of which are hereinafter explained.
In the arrangement illustrated in figures 1, 2 and 3 an outer rectangular swinging
frame R is employed being suspended on suspension rods g. which are adjustable as to
their length and work on ball and socket joints at both ends. A shaft K is carried by
a hanging frame T and is provided at its lower extremity with an eccentric pin
working in a bearing fixed to an arm or bracket fixed to the frame R.
driving pulley and S is a frame placed in the outer frame R and carrying the bolting
or sifting fabric or material. Rotary motion being imparted to the shaft R by means
of the pulley the crank pin at the lower end of the shaft imparts a circular swinging
or swaying motion to the frame R and sieve frame S.
r is the
In the modification illustrated in figures 4 and 5 a similar circular swinging motion
is imparted to a frame R supporting a series of drums S1 S2 S3 S4 and S provided
with inclined sieves. The frame R is suspended by rods g adjustable as to their length
and working in ball and socket joints at both ends as in the preceding arrangement
and is guided or steadied by adjustable rods g¹ the upper ends of which are connected
to the frame R by a universal joint in the same way as the rods g the lower ends being
hooked onto springs attached to the floor. These springs when properly bent or
adjusted render the oscillating motion more smooth and steady. A dtiving shaft W
supported at its lower end in a footstep bearing on a frame or pillar T and at its
upper extremity in a bearing L carries a driving pulley and an eccentric E
(figure 5) fixed on the said shaft. The eccentric works in an eccentric strap or
ring attached to the inner cylindrical and hollow portion of the frame R and imparts
the required motion to the said frame.
In the modification illustrated in figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 a suspended or hanging
frame T (see enlarged detail figure 9 is employed supporting in a socket I a ball k
connected to a shatt W. hollow shaft or cylindrical box B carrying a driving
pulley works in bearings L¹ and L2 and contains an eccentric and inclined bush b
working on the shaft W. Two pins or trunnions attached to the ball k prevent the
shaft W from rotating in the bearing L. When rotary motion is imparted to the
box B a circular swinging motion is transmitted through the eccentric bush to the
shaft W and to the sieves S1 S2 S3. The sieves S¹ S² S³ rest upon the cross bars or
arms and screwed or bolted to naves or bosses n¹ n² and n³ to which are also
connected the pressure rings m¹ m² and m³. The said naves or bosses and the pressure
rings touch each other in an intersecting plane inclined to the axis of the shaft
(see figure 22 drawn to an enlarged scale) on which plane the slope or inclination of
the arms and 13 and sieves ST S2 S3 may be slightly increased or diminished when
required.

page_text: In the modification illustrated in figures 10, 11, and 12 the vertical driving shaft W
works in suitable bearings in a hanging frame T and the swinging shaft W carrying
the sieves S¹ S2 and S3 as in the preceding arrangement works on a universal joint P
at its lower extremity as illustrated on a larger scale in figures 13 and 14. A driving
pulley is fixed on the shaft W and this shaft is provided at its lower extremity with
an arm or driver k in which is fitted an inclined bush working on the upper end of the
swinging shaft W₁. The sieve drums S¹ S2 S3 are attached to the shaft W' in the
same way and their slope is adjustable as in the construction described with reference
to figures 7, 8 and 22. The rotation of the shaft W and driver k imparts a circular
swinging motion to the shaft Was will be readily understood on referring to the
drawing.
In the modification illustrated in figures 15, 16 and 17 a suspended or hanging
frame T supports a driving shaft W fitted with an arm or driver k and with a driving
pulley r. The sieves are operated by a swinging shaft W provided with a spherical
or globular collar working in a socket P. The lower end of this shaft works in an
inclined bush in the arm or driver and its upper end revolves in a collar M. This
collar is provided with pins z by which it is connected to a bow b secured to
the frame R. By means of the suspension rods g adjustable as to their length and
terminating at each extremity in Ball and socket joints the frame R is connected to
rocking arms f oscillating on a shaft u supported by two hangers u¹ the hangers being
fixed to the ceiling.
The number of revolutions of the driving shaft W in all these modifications is from
about 150 to 220 per minute, the stroke of the crank or its equivalent being from
about 0.08 to 0.12 meter (about 3 to 5 inches) but neither the number of revolutions
nor the length of the stroke are restricted to these limits as they must be proportioned
to the requirements of each single case. The general result is the longer the stroke
the less revolutions; the special rule the finer the material under treatment, the more
revolutions or the longer the stroke.
In every case the arrows indicate the path or direction of movement of the
material to be sifted or bolted, the arrows →→that of the sifted or bolted material
proper passing away and the arrows →→→indicate the path of certain cleaning or
clearing material hereinafter described; the discharge or outlet shoots for the sifted
materials are marked G1 G2 G³ etc.
As will be understood by referring to the drawings figures 1 to 17 it is entirely left
to the option of the maker or of the operator either to lead away directly above the
sieve surface one of the two sorts or grades separated according to size by each single
bolting or grading sieve and to direct the other sort underneath the sieve surfaces to
the next sieve or to lead away directly one of the two sorts underneath the sieve
surface and to direct the other sort over the sieve surfaces from sieve to sieve or even
to vary at pleasure the order of this leading away and directing or transferring of the
two sorts or grades.
The conveyance and the distribution on the bolting sieves s of the material under
treatment are performed by guides (figures 33 to 36) arranged parallel to the course
taken by the material under treatment and composed of the straight guiding slats or
bars (forming ridges projecting above the surface of the sieves) and the equidistant
conveying slats or bars w joining the former at one end at an obtuse working angle
their length increasing progressively from the side where the material to be bolted is
delivered on to the bolting sieve to the side where it leaves the sieve (figures 34 and 36).
The object of these guides w is to push the material under treatment forward and also
by virtue of their gradually increasing length to move and more contract or narrow
the free passage of the materials or produce under treatment so as to regulate their
rate of advancing thus causing the stock on the sieve in spite of the loss of the portion
escaping through the meshes to retain as much as possible a uniform height or
thickness of layer over the whole surface of the cloth. This arrangement allows the
material or produce under treatment to be conveyed distributed and bolted by means
of the working motion on descending, horizontal or rising sieve surfaces in such a

page_text: manner that the nearer the obtuse working angle formed by the sides and
approaches a right angle the greater is the energy of the material in advancing even
in a considerably rising direction but in the simplified arrangement illustrated in
figures 24 und 26 equidistant distributing slats / arranged on the bolting sieves s and
crossing the course of the material to be bolted are employed whose sole function is
to perform the distribution of the material under treatment because the bolting sieves
being in this instance sufficiently inclined the working motion of the apparatus is of
itself able to propel the materials without the help of the guides.
Trials have shewn that sieves worked in this manner require when employed for the
treatment of flour a continually acting arrangement to keep the meshes clear which
arrangement is not generally necessary for breaks-Semolina-and middlings-sieves.
Figures 18 to 21 illustrate two mechanical devices for keeping the bolting sieves
clear. Both of them are based upon and actuated by the peculiar working motion
herein before described and they are applicable to the arrangement illustrated in
figures 4 and 5.
Figures 18 and 19 illustrate an arrangement with a brush B sweeping the inferior or
under side of the bolting sieve s. The sieve shewn consists of the outer ring a its
lower side being clothed with the sieve bottom with the transit sieve p joined to the
latter. In the ring a the inner ring 6 having its lower side clothed with the bolting
sieve s is inserted. The ring b rests on ledges e e e .
The material under treatment falls at upon the bolting sieves and moves in the
direction of the arrows 1.
The sifted material that has passed through the cloth moves on the sieve bottom l
in the same direction as the material above the sieve and after having passed through
the transit sieve it reaches the next bolting sieve.
The above described circular or drum like sieve rests upon and is fixed to a cross
bar L. A bush m figure 18 inserted in the latter centrally to the sieve drum forms a
bearing for a shaft w carrying at its upper extremity the brush B sweeping the under
side of the bolting sieve s. A lever arm H with an adjustable weight g is secured
to the lower end of the said shaft. The brush B is connected to a spring i the free
extremity of which engages with teeth d figure 19 which may be conveniently formed
by a strip of corrugated or undulated sheet metal as indicated in the plan.
Now when the machine is set in motion the brush B will oscillate together with
the sieve the former however owing to its own vis inertia enhanced by that of the
weight g will remain behind at the moment when the spring i is at liberty to slip
over the teeth d. This remaining behind constitutes the working motion of the
brush relatively to the sieve. A certain segment of the sieve will thus slide over the
brush when the teeth d slip over the spring i and this motion being repeated with
the working of the sieve the brush with an intermittingly progressive action will
sweep the entire undersurface of the bolting sieves thus continually cleaning the
same. By displacing the weight g the vis inertia and consequently also the number
of movements of the brush may be increased or diminished as required. The
shaft w can be raised or lowered even when in action by adjusting a point or centre
screwed into a bracket z. By this means when the brush wears away it can be
readily raised and brought closer to the sieve so as to enable it to continue to clear
the meshes effectually. In order to throw the brush out of action when required the
lever arm H may be stopped by a projection on the arm L drawn in dotted lines in
figure 19.
Figure 20 and 21 illustrate the second of the two aforesaid arrangements for
keeping the bolting sieves clear. The sieve in question is composed of an outer ring
or drum a in which there are inserted one upon another an inner bottom ring ban
inner middle ringe and an inner top ring f. The upper edge of the bottom ring
is clothed with the sieve bottom l. The under edge of the top ring is clothed with
the inclined bolting sieve s. The sole object of the middle ring e is to maintain the
proper slope or inclination of the two planes (sieve bottom and bolting sieve)
formed by the clothings of the rings b and f. In order to direct the tailings of

page_text: each preceding bolting sieve to each following bolting sieve the lowest portion of
these bolting sieves is clothed from c with the transit sieve p and in every one of the
rings e and a ridge or partition piece is inserted boxing in the passage or
aperture d.
This arrangement causes the material fed to the bolting sieve at to proceed in the
direction of the arrows →to pd whereas the material bolted or which has passed
through the sieve will proceed on the sieve bottom / in the direction of the arrows →→
(figure 21) and pass away through openings at
y.
Now the above described drum sieve is by readily yielding springs i eonnected to
the supports k fastened to the frame of the apparatus in such a way as to cause
the buffers f¹¹ƒƒ³ ³ (figure 21) while the frame is oscillating to alternately
knock against each other thus producing such a concussion of 'the sieve as is sufficient
to keep the meshes of said sieve open or clear. When the buffers are not intended
to beat against each other through the aforesaid action of the springs the
buffers f f f f are pressed against each other by turning a screw w.
Figures 22 and 23 shew a third and substantially quite new arrangement for
keeping the bolting sieve clear by means of cleaning materials or bodies acting as
hereinafter described. This arrangement based upon and actuated by the working
motion of the sieve itself is applicable to all or any of the sifting or bolting apparatus
hereinbefore set forth. By the expression cleaning materials or bodies, granular
matter or substances are to be understood of not too heavy a specific weight but
yet capable of wearing as long as possible.
The arrangement illustrated in figures 22 and 23 is applied to a circular or drum
sieve such as the bottom sieve in one of the arrangements hereinbefore described
with reference to figures 6 to 8 and 10 to 12 and it consists of an outer ring a an
inner bottom ring 6 supporting a second inner ring
bottom. The ring e supports the third inner ring d
with the cleaning sieve t and on d rests the inner top
with the bolting sieve s.
clothed below with the sieve
its inferior side being clothed
ring e clothed at the bottom
Within the space between the bolting sieves and the clearing sieve t and by means
of straight slats arranged alternately with zig zag slats or propelling or conveying
slats w the cleaning material is by the motion of the sieve herein before described
forced to follow the course shewn by the arrows →→→figure 23 the said material
being at the same time shaken up and thrown or projected against the underside of
the bolting sieve s in such a manner as to clear the meshes (or interstices) of the
latter. A connecting trunk v situated outside the drum communicates with the afore-
said space and is fitted with a similar zig zag guide k for the purpose of causing
the cleaning material to circulate continually in the direction indicated by the
arrows →→
*
The cleaning sieve is considerably coarser than the bolting sieve. The cleaning
material is also coarser than the meshes of the cleaning sieve. The stock or produce
to be bolted reaches the bolting sieve at 9 and advances in the direction of the
arrows →. The tailings "leave the drum passing through the openings y and the
material bolted after passing through the sieve s and through the cleaning sieve t falls
onto the sieve bottom where it travels in the direction of the arrows
is finally discharged through the apertures yl (figure 23).
→
and
The necessary amount of cleaning material is supplied to the drum through an
opening cut in the cover of the connecting trunk v and provided with a lid or cover
capable of being shut. The cleaning sieve communicates with a breaks sieve in the
connecting trunk by means of this breaks sieve all the particles of the cleaning
material which by little and little get worn and broken are continually separated and
discharged at the lowest part of the bottom l¹.
The cleaning material employed may consist of any suitable substance capable of
keeping the meshes of the bolting sieves clear by a knocking and rubbing action
without damaging the cloth and without soiling the produce. Cleaned Semolina or
Breaks from that variety of Corn the ground products of which are to be subjected to

page_text: the action of the respective apparatus hulled rice wheat barley peas and such like
will be found to answer the purpose best.
In dealing with produce which does not require the bolting sieves to be cleared
occasionally no cleaning material of course is supplied or the cleaning material
supplied is put out of circulation by adjusting the slide z attached to the zig zag k.
Figures 24, 25 and 26 illustrate an analogous arrangement to that lastly herein-
before described for keeping the bolting sieves clear by means of cleaning material
and adapted for use with the apparatus illustrated in figures 1, 2 and 3 being like-
wise applicable to other rectangular sieves such as those illustrated in figures 15. 16,
and 17 as will be readily understood by referring to the drawing without further
description the same letters of reference being used to mark the parts corresponding
with those referred to in the description of figures 22 and 23.
Instead of the above described zig zag conveying ridges or slats w k undulatory
guides may be used if desired.
Figure 32 illustrates a modified form of the conveying guides for propelling or
causing the cleaning material to circulate these guides differing from those previously
described only in that they are not zig zag or undulatory but arranged in the form of
baffles set at an obtuse marking angle as shewn by the drawing. These obtuse
marking angles with the help of the working motion cause the cleaning material to move
in the direction of the arrows →→→→ i.c. in the same direction as that herein before
set forth with reference to figures 23 and 25.
In conclusion figures 27 to 31 shew without by any means exhibiting all of them
some examples of the way in which by means of the before mentioned peculiar
working motion and with the help of a suitable slope or inclination of the sieve the
materials under treatment may also be caused to travel over the bolting sieves in the
directions indicated by the arrows.
By these means it is possible to direct the material to be bolted along the surface of
the bolting sieves, and the material bolted along the sieve bottom as well as the
cleaning material along the cleaning sieves in any desired direction whether these
sieve surfaces be horizontal rising or descending. In this case the spaces between
the slats and w forming the baffles r w have simply to be arranged either in straight
lines as per figures 34 and 36 or in curves or polygons forming passages along which
the materials are caused to travel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
--
First. In sifting machines wherein one sieve or several communicating sieves are
user such sieves having a swinging or swaying (not a shaking) motion imparted to
them substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings the employment for the purpose of forwarding by jerking action and also of
distributing the produce to be sifted over the sieve proper and also for the purpose
of forwarding the produce or materials on the sieve bottoms of propelling or con-
veying bars or slats arranged on these surfaces whether these latter be descending
horizontal or ascending so that each of the said surfaces is divided in such a manner
as to form one or more passages or channels each of which is provided on one side
according to the direction in which the produce or material are required to travel
with conveying or propelling bars arranged at suitable intervals the said passages
being arranged relatively to each other or to their different parts in the same or in
opposite direction alternately and in straight or curved lines (figures 22-26
and 32-36) or in substitution for the aforesaid conveying or propelling bars in case the
position of the sieve is such in itself as to cause the produce to be sifted to travel in
the direction of the slope the employment of distributing bars or slats arranged at
regular intervals transversely to the path of the produce being sifted and effecting
exclusively the regular distribution of the produce travelling over the sieve in which
case the aforesaid division of the sifting surface into passages or channels can be

page_text: dispensed with (figures 18-22-24 and 26.) all substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Second. In combination with the propelling bars or slats referred to in the pre-
ceding claiming clause the employment of a sieve arranged underneath the sieve
proper and carrying cleaning materials which being caused to circulate between the
said two sieves and being caused to partake of a jerking motion by the swinging
motion of the sieves affect the cleaning or clearing of the meshes or interstices of the
sieve proper by knocking against the under surface thereof substantially as herein-
before described with reference to (figures 22-26 and 32 to 36 of the accompanying
drawings.