IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE VULCANIZED INDIA. RUBBERA
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, of 44, Saint Paul's
Churchyard, in the City of London, Merchant and Manufacturer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE VULCANIZED INDIA.
RUBBERA Communication from abroad by Hiram Lyman Hall, of Beverley,
Massachusetts United States of America
"
RUBBER. A communication from abroad by Hiram Lyman Hall, of Beverley,
--
Massachusetts United States of America
Sealed the 12th August 1859, and dated the 23rd May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathaniel Shattswell
Dodge at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd May 1859.
I, NATHANIEL SHATTSWELL DODGE, of 44, Saint Paul's Churchyard, in the
City of London, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE VULCANIZED
INDIA-RUBBER," a communication from abroad by Hiram Lyman Hall, of
Beverley, Massachusetts, United States of America, to be as follows;-
This Invention relates to an improved system or mode of treating waste
vulcanized india-rubber for the purpose of further and more efficiently carrying
out the process described in the Specifications of my Patents of the Thirtieth of
July, No. 1728, and of the Second of November. N°. 2449, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-eight.

page_text: According to the Inventions above referred to, the waste vulcanized india-
rubber is treated by boiling, and also submitted to the action of ordinary
steam, either alone or in connection with water. But the object of this present
Invention consists in the reduction of the rubber to a state fit for re-manu-
facture, by the application of dry heat.
Various arrangements of apparatus for applying the dry heat may be used,
the main object of the process being the application of the dry heat as generally
as possible to the substance under treatment. For this purpose, I find it
desirable to reduce the material in the first place to a powder.
This Invention further consists in the application of superheated steam for
the purpose above referred to..
The material treated by either of the processes above mentioned is afterwards
incorporated with the other materials and rendered suitable for manufacturing
purposes in the manner described in the Specifications of my two Patents
herein-before referred to. I have also found that in addition to the substances
expressed to be incorporated with the material by my said two former Patents,
I obtain useful results by the addition to such material of palm oil, sulphur,
lead, magnesia, line, zinc, earths, or clays, separately or in combination.
The articles manufactured from this compound material may or may not, as
found most desirable, be submitted to the action of heat.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I NATHANIEL
SHATTSWELL DODGE, of 44. Saint Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London
Merchant and Manufacturer, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, Her special license that I, the said Nathaniel
Shattswell Dodge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed. should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise. and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING WASTE VULCANIZED INDIA-RUBBER,"
a communi-
cation from abroad by Hiram Lyman Hall, of Beverley, Massachusetts,
United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:
The said Invention relates to an improved system or mode of treating waste
vulcanized india-rubber for the purpose of further and more efficiently carrying
out the process described in the Specifications of my Patents of the Thirtieth
of July, No. 1728, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and of the
Second of November, N° 2449, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
According to the Inventions above referred to, the waste vulcanized india-
rubber is treated by boiling, and also submitted to the action of ordinary
steam, either alone or in connection with water. But the object of this present
Invention consists in the restoring of the rubber to a state fit for re-manu-
facture, by the application of dry heat.
Various arrangements of apparatus for applying the dry heat may be used,
the main object of the process being the application of the dry heat as generally
as possible to the substance under treatment. For this purpose, I find it
desirable, but not indespensible, to reduce the material in the first place to a
powder by any convenient mechanical contrivance. I then put the powdered
waste vulcanized india-rubber into a revolving or stationary pan or other
suitable receptacle, which I place in a furnace or otherwise heated oven
which enables me to submit the whole of the powdered waste as nearly as
possible to a suitable degree of heat. I have found 300° Fahrenheit to
answer my purpose best; but it can be accomplished by any amount of heat
varying from 100° and upwards. This heat I continue until the powdered
waste becomes suitably plastic for the purpose to which it is to be applied.
But I do not confine myself to the above described plan of dry heating, but
adopt any that may be convenient and suitable.
This Invention further consists in the application of superheated steam for
the purpose above referred to. One plan which I have found convenient for

page_text: this, though many other plans will answer, is to put the powdered waste into
a double-cased cylinder, heated by means of ordinary or superheated steam of
a proper temperature, and continue the application of the heat, with or with-
out stirring the waste, until the requisite plastic condition is obtained, the
steam being simply used as a means of heating the vessel containing such
waste vulcanized rubber or materials. If desirable, heat may be applied to
the waste vulcanized rubber or materials by the direct application thereto of
superheated steam. Care should be taken that a ready means of escape for
the gases arising from the mass under treatment be adopted.
The material treated by either of the processes above mentioned is afterwards
incorporated with the other materials described in the Specifications of my two
Patents herein-before referred to, either by means of solvents, mechanical
disintegration, or heat, and rendered suitable for manufacturing purposes in
the manner described in the said Specifications of my two Patents herein-
before referred to. I have also found that in addition to the substances.
expressed to be incorporated by my said two former Patents, I obtain useful
results by the addition to, say, ten pounds of such material, of about three
ounces of palm oil, five ounces of sulphur, three pounds of lead, or one pound
of carbonate of magnesia, half pound of slacked lime, four pounds of zinc, and
earths or clays, such as chalk or talc, separately or in suitable combinations in
suitable proportions. It is not advisable to use more than one of the oxides
and carbonates or earths above mentioned in the same mass; for example,
sulphur, lead, and palm oil form a good combination, or palm oil, sulphur, and
magnesia, or zinc, palm oil and sulphur.
The articles manufactured from this compound material may or may not, as
found most desirable be submitted to the action of heat.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hercin-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general systems or modes of treating waste vulcanized india-rubber,
as herein-before described.
Second, the restoration of waste vulcanized india-rubber to a state fit for
re-manufacture, by the aid of dry heat, as herein-before described.
Third, the restoration of waste vulcanized india-rubber to a state fit for re-
manufacture, by the aid of ordinary or superheated steam, applied externally to
the vessel containing the material to be treated, as herein-before described.
Fourth, the restoration of waste vulcanized india-rubber to a state fit for

page_text: re-manufacture, by the direct application of superheated steam thereto, as
herein-before described.
Fifth, the admixture or incorporation with waste vulcanized india-rubber,
of any or all of the substances herein-before enumerated.
In witness whereof, I have to this Specification set my hand and seal,
this Twenty-second day of November, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-nine.
N. S. DODGE. (L.S.)