DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION
Year: 1868

page_text: DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
entered by the said Edward Rush Turner and Frederick Turner, as such
assignees as aforesaid, pursuant to the Statute in that case made and
provided.
WHEREAS parts of the Invention described in the Specification to the said
Letters Patent are not of such value that we wish to make or retain any claim in
respect to the same :-
And whereas we have been advised that some of the claims contained in the
claiming clauses at the end of the Specification are of doubtful validity:
We therefore for these reasons desire to disclaim and alter the said Specification,
and we do hereby disclaim and alter the same by omitting at page 4, line 37 of
the Specification as it is printed by Her Majesty's Printers, commencing with the
words "our Invention" to the bottom of the page, and as far as and including the

page_text: word
Also by omitting at page 6, line 21, the words "illustrating the second part of our Invention."
A
Also by omitting at page 8, lino 25,
A com-
Fourthly" at page 5 line 28. Also by omitting at page 5, line 37, com-
inencing with the words "will be" and as far as and including the words "or it "
in line 38. Also by omitting at page 6, line 3, commencing with the word
"Fifthly" as far as and including the words "steam boiler" in lino 19. Also by
omitting at page 7, line 19, commencing with the-words "Figure 6" to the bottom
of the page and as far as and including the words "Sheet 2," page 8, line 2.
uencing with the words "which may" as far as and including the words "in
Figure 10" at line 30 on the same page. Also by omitting at page 10, lines 15
and 16, the words "similar to that shown by Figures 6 and 7." Also by omitting
at page 10, line 35, commencing with the words "Figure 22" to the bottom of
the page; also the whole of pages 11 and 12 and as far as and including the
words "open air" at page 13, line 21. Also by omitting at page 13, line 37, the
words "for governing the speed or." Also by omitting at page 14, line 3, com-
mencing with the word "Fifthly "and as far as and including the words "herein-
before described "at line 13 on the same page.
Also by omitting at page 14, line 1, the words " or valve gear."
We also disclaim and strike out from the Drawings of the said Specification the
Figures 23 and 24 on Sheet 1; also the Figures 6, 7, and 22 on Sheet 2; also the
whole of the Figures on Sheet 3.
And in order that the title of the Invention may agree with the Specification
when these alterations have been made in it we strike out from the title the words
"and to engines or apparatus for raising and forcing fluids or feeding steam
boilers."
In order that the effect of this Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration may
be better understood we annex a copy of the Specification (excepting the Drawings)
as it will appear when such, Memorandum of Alteration is made as aforesaid.
Disclaimer and
" TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILSON
"HARTNELL and STAIR GUTHRIE, both of the City of Lincoln, in the County of
"the same City, Engineers, send greeting.
"WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
"Patent bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty eight, in the thirty first year of Her reign,
"did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
"Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie, Her special license, that we, the said Wilson
"Hartnell and Stair Guthrie, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
"others as we, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie, our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time to
"time and at all times thereafter during the term therein oxpressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
"Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
"for IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair
Guthrie, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
"hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
" of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
"months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
24
"
"
"
" NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is
"to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
"following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Firstly. Our Invention relates to an improved arrangement and combination of

page_text: "the parts of steam or other motive engines, where the cranks are formed between
"the bearings of the crank shaft, the object being to secure strength and lightness.
"And our improvements consist mainly in connecting the cylinder or cylinders
"with the bearings or with castings or brackets in which the bearings of the crank
"shaft are formed by bars of malleable metal of suitable section passing in a direct
"line from the axis of the cylinder or cylinders to the crank axle, the said malleable
"bars in combination with cross bars or plates forming the sole framing of the
"engine, so that for horizontal engines the usual base plate is dispensed with. For
"condensing engines the said malleable bars are extended past the cylinders, so as
"to carry the condenser. In single cylinder engines the condenser may be placed
"parallel with and opposite to the steam cylinder.
"Secondly. Our improvements relate to means for governing the speed of engines,
"and consist in certain arrangements and combinations of mechanism which may
"be used separate from, but we prefer to combine it with, the fly wheel. The said
"mechanism consists of two or more weights upon levers which can move to and
"fro radially in a plane at a right angle to the axis of rotation, the said weights
"being connected so as to have simultaneous movement inwards and outwards.
"The centrifugal force of the said weights is counterbalanced by springs. The
movements of the weights arising from the varying speeds of rotation will be
"conveyed to mechanism on the axis of the fly wheel, and will thus be made to
"regulate the position of the eccentrics, as will be more particularly described
"herein-after.
«
"
"Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan view, of so much of a horizontal
"double-cylinder condensing engine as will be necessary for illustrating the first
part of our Invention; and Fig. 3 is a side elevation, and Fig. 4 is a plan view,
"of a horizontal engine with a single cylinder applied to a portable boiler;
"Fig. 5 shows sections of malleable metal which may be used for the framing of
our improved engines.
<
"
"The two cylinders (a) and the two air-pump barrels and condenser (b) are cast
"or connected together, and have planed recesses at the sides in which the
"malleable metal side bars (c) of any suitable section (see Fig. 5) are secured by
"bolts or rivets. The bearings for the journals of the crank axle (d) are formed
"in cast or malleable metal brackets (c), which are also planed to receive the ends
"of the side bars, the two being secured together by bolts or rivets. The two cast
"metal brackets (c¹) are connected to each other by a malleable cross bar (c²),
"which, with the cross bar (c) for carrying the ends of the guides (a¹) for the
piston rod slide, render the framing strong and rigid. dare the two cranks for
"the piston rods which are within or between the journals of the crank shaft; a³
are the continuations of the piston rods to work the air pumps. The same
arrangement of framing is used when the air pumps (b) are dispensed with, or
"when the engine is a single cylinder engine, or a single cylinder and condensing
"engine, in the latter case the air pump and condenser may take the place of one
"of the cylinders (a), and the air pump may be worked by one of the cranks (d').
"The same arrangement and construction of framing is also used when the
cylinders are inclined or vertical instead of horizontal.
ke
"
"
"In Figs. 4 and 5, the frame of the engine is substantially the same in arrange-
"ment and construction as that illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, and above described,
"the cast or wrought iron bracket (c) being shaped to fit brackets (2) secured to
"the boiler (w). The framing is secured at one end, and the other end of the
"frame or the cylinder or cylinders are secured to the boiler in slides to prevent
"lateral or vertical movement, but to allow of movement in the lengthway of the
framing, so that the boiler may freely expand and contract. This arrangement
"of engine may also be attached to and connected with a vertical boiler, and as
"the engine is self contained, it can be readily removed from the boiler for trans-
"port or repairs, and used if required apart from the boiler.
"

page_text: "
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"
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"
"
"
"
"
"Fig. 8 is a side sectional view of our improved governing mechanism combined
"with a fly wheel; Figure 9, an edge sectional view through the line A, B, Fig. 8, and
through the centre of the fly wheel; and Fig. 10 is an end section through the
"centre of the fly wheel, and a partial section through the mechanism on the line
C, D, Fig. 8. The excentric (e) and guide plates () are shewn detached by Figs.
"11 to 14. Fig. 11 is a side view and Fig. 12 a cross sectional view of the excen
tric; Fig. 13 is a side view. and Fig. 14 a cross sectional view of the guide or
"slide plates for the eccentric. The excentric (e) is found, as shewn at Figs. 11
"and 12, with a hole for the crank axle (d) to pass through, and of such shape,
as to give space for the wedges and play for the movement. Projections or ledges
(ex) are formed upon the sides of the excentric at a right angle to its position
"when midway between forward and backward gear, those projections fitting into
"recesses (d) in the guide plates (d), which are keyed or otherwise secured upon
"the crank axle in such position that the line of the recesses will be at a right
angle to that crank, which is driven by the piston of the cylinder, to the valve of
"which the excentric gives motion. With this arrangement of the oxcentric it will
have the least amount of excentricity midway between forward and backward
gear, and will be changed from one position to another by being moved in a
straight line. This may be done by wedges or inclines (f) passing through the
guide plates (d³), and acting upon the excentric (e); the inclines (f) are only
"intended to adjust the excentric for various degrees of expansive working in for-
"ward or in backward gear. The inclines or wedges (f) act upon inclines (e).
"with pivots which fit in holes in the excentric, as shewn in Fig. 10; and when a
change is made from forward to backward gear, or vice versa, the pivot inclines
(e) are turned half round, and the wedge iuclines (f) are changed from one to
"the other side of the shaft (d). The inclines are connected by screws to bars (f),
"which slide in grooves cut in the shaft (d), the bearing or journal of the shaft
"being formed by a collar (d) secured to the shaft. The ends of the bars (f¹) pass
"into the hollow of the fly wheel (g), and are secured to a collar (h), which can
"slide endways upon the shaft, this collar having two pivots, which enter short
slots in the two arms (k) of a shaft (k), having pivota carried in bearings in
brackets () secured to the fly wheel (see Fig. 8). The lever shaft (4) has
"another arm () connected by links () (see Fig. 8 and 10) with a rod (4)
"jointed to a lover (l) having ita fulerum () on the fly wheel. To the end of
"the lever () a weight (*) is fixed, and upon the opposite side of the fly wheel
"another similar lever () is arranged, and these two levers are connected by the
"two rods (12), so that they will have simultaneous movements. The centrifugal
"force of the weights () is counterbalanced by the two springs (P), which act
"against the plates () secured to the rods (4), and abut against the cap or cross
"bars () that slide upon the rods (4), being connected together by the side rods
(8), which also form guides to the plates (6), notches being cut out of the plates
so as to fit the side rods. Fig. 135 is a side sectional view corresponding to
Fig. 8, and Fig. 16 is an edge sectional view of another arrangement of eccentric,
"and of the mechanism for actuating it, this arrangement being applicable where
"the eccentric can be placed close to the governing mechanism. When this
"mechanism is combined with the fly wheel then the motion froin the eccentric (e)
"is conveyed to a rocking shaft (), and transmitted to the valve spindle by a
rod (), as shewn in dotted line in Fig. 4, Sheet 1.
"
"
"
"In the modification illustrated by Figs. 15 and 16 the governing mechanism is
"similar to that shewn in Figs, 8, 9, and 10, but the mode of conveying motion
"from it to actuate the eccentric is different. The eccentric (e) is formed upon an
"arm (e), which is jointed on a fulcrum (e) in the fly or other wheel or frame
carrying the governing mechanism, and to this arm (e) a curved link (e) is
"jointed on a pivot at (e), the other end of the link being secured by a bolt (e),
"which can move in a slot in the arm (e) curved to a radius struck from the
pivot (e). In the curved link (e) is fitted a die (e), which can swivel upon a
"
16

page_text: "pin (see detached section, Fig. 17) in an arm () from one of the weight levers
"(). The excentric (e) has an oblong slot through it, so that its excentricity can
"be changed to work the steam more or less expansively, accordingly as the speed
"increases or decreases. By changing the inclination of the curve link (e) so that
"the bolt (es) will pass from one end to the other end of its slot the excentric can
"be adjusted to work the engine either forward or backward.
"Fig. 18 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 19 an edge sectional view, shewing
"another modification, which may be used in place of that illustrated by Figs. 15
"and 16. The excentric (e) is formed so as to slide on a part (g) formed upon the
"boss of the fly or other wheel (g); the eccentric is connected by a link () with
"a short arm from one of the weighted levers (L) of the governing mechanism,
"which is similar to that described in reference to Figs. 15 and 16. By changing
"the link (k) from one side of the excentric to the other side, and jointing it to
"the other weighted lever (), the excentric is changed from forward to backward
gear, and vice versa. Instead of the link (e) an arm may be arranged to come
"from the weighted lever similar to the arm (1), Figs. 15 and 16, having a die
working in a slot or curved link secured to the excentric slide.
"
41
"
"
"Fig. 20 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 21 an edge sectional view of another
" modification for adjusting excentrics. Fixed on the shaft (d) is a plate (d), which
"has a pin (e) secured in it that passes into a curved slot (e) in the excentric (e),
"which has slides formed on it to fit upon a plate (m), which can turn partially
upon the crank shaft (d). When the plate (m) turns, the excentric (e) turns with
"it, and the pin (e) in the curved slot (e¹) causes the excentric to slide upon the
plate (m), and thus to become more or less excentric, the hole through the
excentric for the shaft (d) being oblong to permit of this movement. The weight
"levers () are connected with the plate (m) by two links (m), which convey
"motion from the weight levers to the excentric, and at the same time connect the
"two weight levers (), thus dispensing with the rods (1) used in the arrangements
"shown by Figs. 8 and 9. The action of the weight levers are counterbalanced by
"springs connected with rods jointed with the levers at (15), arranged as shown in
"Figs. 8 and 9. The excentric may be adjusted to suit forward or backward motion
"in the engine by altering the point of connection between the ends of the links
"(m) and the plate (m); that is, when the links (m) are in the position shewn
"the engine will turn one way, when they are changed from 1 to 2 the engine will
"turn the contrary way.
"We have now particularly described the nature of our improvements, and the
"manner of carrying then into effect, and claim as our Invention,-
"Firstly. The improved arrangement and combination of the parts of steam or
"other motive engines, either stationary or portable (where the cranks are formed
"between the bearings of the crank shaft), substantially as herein before described,
"and illustrated by the Drawings.
"
Secondly. The combination and arrangement of excentrics and connected parts,
"so that the excentrics may be adjusted on the crank shafts, substantially as
"herein-before explained, and illustrated by the Drawings.
"Thirdly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for adjusting
"excentrics, substantially as herein before described, and illustrated by the
"Drawings.
"Fourthly. The governor mechanism separate from or combined with the fly
"wheel actuating or regulating excentrics, substantially as herein-before explained,
"and illustrated by the Drawings."
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Rush Turner and Frederick Turner,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 17th day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.

page_text: I hereby grant my fiat giving leave to the above named Edward Rush Turner
and Frederick Turner, the assignees of the above mentioned Letters Patent, to file in
the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which the same relates, the
above written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration. Dated this 13th day
of August 1879.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie, both of the
City of Lincoln, in the County of the same City, Engineers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO STEAM AND
OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES, AND TO ENGINES OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING
AND FORCING FLUIDS OR FEEDING STEAM BOILERS."
Sealed the 28th July 1868, and dated the 30th January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Wilson Hartnell and
Stair Guthrie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th January 1868.
OR APPLICABLE TO
We, WILSON HARTNELL and STAIR GUTHRIE, both of the City of
Lincoln, in the County of the same City, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
STEAM AND OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES, AND TO ENGINES OR APPARATUS FOR
RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS OR FEEDING STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
Firstly. Our Invention relates to an improved arrangement and
combination of the parts of steam or other motive engines to secure
strength and lightness, and consists in connecting the cylinder or
cylinders with the bearings of the crank shaft by bars or plates of
Price Sd.1

page_text: malleable metal of suitable section passing in a direct line from the
axis of the cylinder or cylinders to the crank axle, the said malleable
bars in combination with cross bars or plates forming the sole framing
of the engine, so that for horizontal engines the usual base plate is
dispensed with. For condensing engines the said malleable bars are
extended past the cylinder so as to carry the condensor.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to portable engines combined with
boilers, and consists in forming the engine as described under the first
head of our Invention, and in attaching it to the horizontal or vertical
boiler at either end, leaving the other end free to slide on a bracket
secured to the boiler, by which arrangement the boiler is free to
expand and contract and is not subjected to the working strains of
the engine.
Thirdly. Our Invention relates to an arrangement of excentrics for
working the valves of steam and other motive engines, which can be
readily adjusted either by hand, self-acting or other mechanism to
suit any required degree of expansive working of the steam (the lead
of the valve being constant), and which can be reversed to produce
forward or backward motion. And our improvements consist in arranging
the excentric for each valve so that it can be moved round upon the
shaft, backward or forward, its movements being guided by a die on a
bolt secured in a plate or part upon the crank shaft, which die works
in a slot in the excentric of such curve as will vary the excentricity
so as to give a constant lead to the valve in every position of the
excentric. When the excentric is to be adjusted while it is in motion
a disc or plate is employed, which is free to rotate upon the crank
shaft, and this plate is connected with the excentric by a stud, which
makes the excentric rotate, but allows its excentricity to vary. The
disc or plate may be turned backward or forward by screw inclines
moved endways upon the crank shaft or by other suitable means.
Fourthly. Our improvements relate to means for governing the
speed of engines, and consists in arranging and combining with the
fly wheel weights which can move to and fro radially, these weights-
being connected so that all of them will move outwards and inwards
at the same time. The centrifugal force of the said weights is counter-
balanced by springs. The movements of the weights arising from the
varying speeds of the fly wheel will be conveyed by bell-crank levers,
screws, inclines, or other suitable means to the axis of the fly wheel,
•

page_text: and will be thus made to regulate the position of the excentrics
arranged according to the third head of our Invention, or to regulate
other adjustable or reversible valve gear. Or the weights may be
made to act upon inclines in a disc, or in arms centred upon the
crank shaft, and to give the partial rotary movement for changing
the position of the excentrics so as to give a greater or less admission
of steam as required.
Fifthly. Our improvements relate to the construction of pistons
and rods, and consists in casting the piston upon a malleable metal
rod, and afterwards turning and finishing the same, and by this means
dispensing with the ordinary work necessary for securing the piston
to the rod.
Sixthly. Our Invention relates to engines or apparatus for raising
and forcing fluids and feeding steam boilers with water, and consists
in combining two apparatus upon the principle of certain rotary
engines, pumps, or blowers, viz., those formed by two rotating wheels,
which have teeth, vanes, or pistons, that gear or work one into or.
against the other, such wheels being enclosed in a case, in which
they are fitted as close as possible. We connect two engines of
apparatus of this class together, directly or by wheelwork, and convey
steam to one of them, and connect the feed water to the other, the
exhaust steam being condensed and mixed with the feed water, or
otherwise if desired. Thus one apparatus acts as the engine, the other
as the pump, to force the feed water into the boiler.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 29th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILSON
HARTNELL and STAIR GUTHRIE, both of the City of Lincoln, in the
County of the same City, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie, Her

page_text: special license, that we, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE ΤΟ
STRAM AND OTHER MOTIVE ENGINES. AND TO ENGINES OR APPARATUS FOR
RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS OR FEEDING STEAM BOILERS,"
upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair
Guthrie, by an instrument in writing, under our hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair
Guthrie, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
Drawings (that is to say):-
Firstly. Our Invention relates to an improved arrangement and
combination of the parts of steam or other motive engines, where the
cranks are formed between the bearings of the crank shaft, the object
being to secure strength and lightness. And our improvements consist
mainly in connecting the cylinder or cylinders with the bearings or
with castings or brackets, in which the bearings of the crank shaft are
formed by bars of malleable metal of suitable section passing in a direct
line from the axis of the cylinder or cylinders to the crank axle, the
said malleable bars in combination with cross bars or plates forming
the sole framing of the engine, so that for horizontal engines the
usual base plate is dispensed with. For condensing engines the said
malleable bars are extended past the cylinders, so as to carry the
condenser. In single cylinder engines the condenser may be placed
parallel with and opposite to the steam cylinder.
Secondly. Our Invention relates to portable engines combined with
boilers, and consists in forming the engine as described under the first

page_text: head of our Invention, and in attaching it to the horizontal or vertical
boiler at either end, leaving the other end free to slide in or on a bracket
secured to the boiler, by which arrangement the boiler is free to expand
and contract and is not subjected to the working strains of the engine,
the construction of the engine being such that it is complete in itself
and can be readily removed and worked independently of the boiler.
Thirdly. Our Invention relates to arrangements of excentrics for
working the valves of steam and other motive engines which can be
readily adjusted either by hand or by self-acting or other mechanism
to suit any required degree of expansive working of the steam (the lead
of the valve being practically constant) and which can be reversed to
produce forward or backward motion. Our improvements consist in
arranging the excentric for each valve (where two are required) so that
it can be moved round upon the shaft backward or forward, its move-
ments being guided by a die on a bolt secured in a plate or part fixed
upon the crank shaft, which die works in a slot in an excentric of such
curve as will vary the excentricity so as to give a constant lead to the
valve in every position of the excentric. When the excentric is to be
adjusted while it is in motion or disc or plate is employed which is free
to rotate upon the crank shaft, and this plate is connected with the
excentric so as to make it rotate, but allows its excentricity to be altered
by the pin above referred to. The disc or plate may be turned backward
or forward by screw inclines moved endways upon the crank shaft or by
other suitable means. This part of our Invention also consists in other
arrangements of excentrics and in other modes of changing their position
to obtain various degrees of expansive working, which will be herein-after
more particularly described by reference to the Drawings.
Fourthly. Our improvements relate to means for governing the speed
of engines, and consist in certain arrangements and combinations of
mechanism which may be used separate from, but we prefer to combine
it with the fly wheel. The said mechanism consists of two or more
weights upon levers which can move to and fro radially in a plane at a
right angle to the axis of rotation, the said weights being connected so
as to have simultaneous movement inwards and outwards.
trifugal force of the said weights is counterbalanced by springs. The
movements of the weights arising from the varying speeds of rotation
will be conveyed by suitable mechanism so as to regulate throttle or
other valves or valve gear, or it will be conveyed to mechanism on the
The cen-

page_text: axis of the fly wheel, and will thus be made to regulate the position of
excentrics, as will be more particularly described herein-after.
Fifthly. Our improvements relate to the construction of pistons and
rods, and consists in casting the piston upon a malleable metal rod and
afterwards turning and finishing the same, by this means dispensing
with the ordinary arrangements and work necessary for securing the
piston to the rod.
Sixthly. Our Invention relates to engines or apparatus for raising and
forcing fluids and for feeding steam boilers with water, and consists in
combining two apparatus upon the principle of certain rotary engines,
pumps, or blowers, namely, those formed by two rotating wheels which
have teeth, vanes, or "pistons" that gear or work one into or against
the other, such wheels being enclosed in a case in which they are fitted
as close as possible. We connect two engines or apparatus of the class
above described together directly or by wheelwork and convey steam to
one of them and connect the feed water to the other, the exhaust steam
being condensed and mixed with the feed water if desired. Thus one
apparatus acts as the engine and the other as the pump to raise or force
the water or feed steam boiler.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan view of so much of a
horizontal double-cylinder condensing engine as will be necessary for
illustrating the first part of our Invention; and Fig. 3 is a side elevation,
and Fig. 4 is a plan view of a horizontal engine with a single cylinder
applied to a portable boiler, illustrating the second part of our Invention;
and Fig. 5 shows sections of malleable metal which may be used for
the framing of our improved engines.
The two cylinders (a) and the two air-pump barrels and condenser (b)
are cast or connected together and have planed recesses at the sides in
which the malleable metal side bars (c) of any suitable section (see
Fig. 5) are secured by bolts or rivets. The bearings for the journals of
the crank axle (d) are formed in cast or malleable metal brackets (c')
which are also planed to receive the ends of the side bars, the two being
secured together, by bolts or rivets. The two cast metal brackets (c')
are connected to each other by a malleable cross bar (c) which with the
cross bar (3) for carrying the ends of the guides (a') for the piston rod
slide render the framing strong and rigid. dare the two cranks for the
piston rods which are within or between the journals of the crank shaft;
a are the continuations of the piston rods to work the air pumps. The

page_text: same arrangement of framing is used when the air pumps (b) are dis-
pensed with, or when the engine is a single-cylinder engine or a single
cylinder and condensing engine; in the latter case the air pump and
condenser may take the place of one of the cylinders (a) and the air
pump may be worked by one of the cranks (). The same arrangement
and construction of framing is also used when the cylinders are inclined
or vertical instead of horizontal.
In Figs. 4 and 5 the frame of the engine is substantially the same in
arrangement and construction as that illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2 and
above described, the cast or wrought iron bracket (c) being shaped to fit
brackets (a) secured to the boiler (w). The framing is secured at one
end, and the other ends of the frame or the cylinder or cylinders are
secured to the boiler in slides to prevent lateral or vertical movement,
but to allow of movement in the lengthway of the framing so that the
boiler may freely expand and contract. This arrangement of engine
may also be attached to and connected with a vertical boiler, and as the
engine is self-contained it can be readily removed from the boiler for
transport or repairs and used if required apart from the boiler.
Fig. 6 is a side view, and Fig. 7 is a section, showing the arrangement
of a single excentric to be adjusted when not in motion by hand,
according to the third part of our Invention. d is the crank shaft; & is
a plate secured upon and rotating with the crank shaft; e, the excentric
which has a hole for the crank shaft to pass through slotted to admit of
the required amount of change in excentricity. The excentric (e) has
also a curved slot (e) in it, through which slot a bolt (e) passes that fits
in a hole in the plate (). The excentric is shewn in Fig. 6 in mid
position, but when its centre is moved towards the radial lines 1, 2, it is
then either in forward or backward gear. The curved slot (e) in the
excentric is of such form as to cause its centre to pass in a straight
line 3, 4, in moving from forward to backward gear, or vice versa, which
curve thus gives constant lead in the valve in every position of the
excentric.
or
Our improved arrangement of excentric may be actuated when at
work by any of the means in use for giving excentrics rotary
partial
rotary motion to and fro upon a crank axle or by means which will
be herein-after explained when we describe our further improvements
in the arrangement of excentrics for working valves, and in the mode of

page_text: actuating them under and in connection with the fourth head of our
improvements which are illustrated by the Figures upon Sheet 2.
Fig. S is a side sectional view of our improved governing mechanism
combined with a fly wheel; Fig. 9 an edge sectional view through the
line A, B, Fig. S, and through the centre of the fly wheel; and Fig. 10
is an edge section through the centre of the fly wheel and a partial
The
section through the mechanism on the line C, D, Fig. 8.
excentric (e) and guide plates (d) are shown detached by Figs. 11 to 14.
Fig. 11 is a side view and Fig. 12 a cross sectional view of the excentric;
Fig. 13 is a side view and Fig. 14, a cross sectional view of the guide or
slide plates for the excentric. The excentric (e) is found as shewn
detached at Figs. 11 and 12 with a hole for the crank axle (d) to pass
through, and of such shape as to give space for the wedges and play
for the movement. Projections or ledges (e*) are formed upon the
sides of the excentric at a right angle to its position when midway
between forward and backward gear, these projections fitting into
recesses (d) in the guide plates (3) which are keyed or otherwise
secured upon the crank axle in such position that the line of the
recesses will be at a right angle to that crank which is driven by the
piston of the cylinder, to the valve of which the excentric gives motion.
With this arrangement of the excentric it will have the least amount
of excentricity midway between forward and backward gear, and will be
changed from one position to another by being moved in a straight
line. This may be done by wedges or inclines () passing through the
guide plates (d) and acting upon the excentric (e), which may be
changed or adjusted while in motion by hand or self-acting mechanism
from forward to backward gear if the inclines are extensive enough
to produce the required extent of movement, the excentric being
arranged so that its mid or neutral position will correspond with the
middle position of the inclines. But as shewn in Fig. 10 the inclines ()
are only intended to adjust the excentric for various degrees of expansive
working in forward or in backward gear. The inclines or wedges (f)
act upon inclines (e) with pivots which fit in holes in the excentric,
as shewn in Fig. 10; and when a change is made from forward to
backward gear, or vice versa, the pivot inclines (e³) are turned half
round, and the wedge inclines (f) are changed from one to the other
side of the shaft (d). The inclines are connected by screws to bars (f),
which slide in grooves cut in the shaft (d), the bearing or journal of the
The ends of
shaft being formed by a collar (d) secured to the shaft.

page_text: the bars (f) pass into the hollow of the fly wheel (g) and are secured
to a collar (h), which can slide endways upon the shaft, this collar
having two pivots which enter short slots in the two arms () of a
shaft (), having pivots carried in bearings in brackets (*) secured to
the fly wheel (see Fig. 8). The lever shaft (k) has another arm (³)
connected by links (*) (see Fig. 8 and 10) with a rod (5) jointed to a
lever (), having its fulcrum (l) on the fly wheel. To the end of the
lever () a weight (*) is fixed, and upon the opposite side of the fly
wheel another similar lever (l) is arranged, and these two levers are
connected by the two rods (1), so that they will have simultaneous
movements. The centrifugal force of the weights (*) is counter-
balanced by the two springs (1), which act against the plates (2) secured
to the rods () and abut against the cap or cross bars (), that slide
upon the rods (), being connected together by the side rods (4), which
also form guides to the plates (), notches being cut out of the plates
so as to fit the side rods. Fig. 15 is a side sectional view corresponding
to Fig. 8, and Fig. 16 is an edge sectional view of another arrangement
of excentric and of the mechanism for actuating it, this arrangement
being applicable where the excentric can be placed close to
governing mechanism. When this mechanism is combined with the fly
wheel then the motion from the excentric (e) is conveyed to a rocking
shaft (7) and transmitted to the valve spindle by a rod (j'), as shewn
in dotted line in Fig. 4, Sheet 1.
the
The
In the modification illustrated by Figs. 15 and 16, the governing
mechanism is similar to that shewn in Figs. 8, 9, and 10, but the mode
of conveying motion from it to actuate the excentric is different.
excentric (e) is formed upon an arm (e), which is jointed on a
fulcrum (e) in the fly or other wheel or frame carrying the governing
mechanism, and to this arm (e) a curved link (e) is jointed on a pivot
at (e), the other end of the link being secured by a bolt (e), which
can move in a slot in the arm (e) curved to a radius struck from the
pivot (e). In the curved link (e) is fitted a die (e) which can swive!
upon a pin (see detached section, Fig. 17) in an arm () from one of
the weight levers (l). The excentric (e) has an oblong slot through
it, so that its excentricity can be changed to work the steam more of
less expansively according as the speed increases or decreases. By
changing the inclination of the curve link (e"), so that the bolt (es) will
pass from one end to the other end of its slot, the excentric can be
adjusted to work the engine either forward or backward.

page_text: Fig. 18 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 19 an edge sectional view
shewing another modification which may be used in place of that
illustrated by Figs. 15 and 16. The excentric (e) is formed so as to
slide on a part (g) formed upon the boss of the fly or other wheel (g)
the excentric is connected by a link () with a short arm from one
of the weighted levers (7) of the governing mechanism which is similar
to that described in reference to Figs. 15 and 16. By changing the
link () from one side of the excentric to the other side, and jointing
it to the other weighted lever (1), the excentric is changed from forward
to backward gear and vice versa. Instead of the link (*) an arm
may be arranged to come from the weighted lever similar to the arm (1)
Figs. 15 and 16, having a die working in a slot or curved link secured
to the excentric slide.
Fig. 20 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 21 an edge sectional view
of another modification for adjusting excentrics similar to that shewn
by Figs. 6 and 7. Fixed on the shaft (d) is a plate (d) which has a
pin (e) secured in it that passes into a curved slot (e') in the excentric
(e) which has slides formed on it to fit upon a plate (m) which can
turn partially upon the crank shaft (d). When the plate (m) turns
the excentric (e) turns with it, and the pin (e) in the curved slot (e')
causes the excentric to slide upon the plate (m) and thus to become
more or less excentric, the hole through the excentric for the shaft (d)
being ablong to permit of this movement. The weight levers (1) are
connected with the plate (m) by two links (m'), which convey motion
from the weight levers to the excentric and at the same time connect
the two weight levers (), thus dispensing with the rods (2) used in the
arrangements shown by Figs. 8 and 9. The action of the weight levers
are counterbalanced by springs connected with rods jointed with the
levers at (5) arranged as shewn in Figs. 8 and 9.
The excentric may
be adjusted to suit forward or backward motion in the engine by
altering the point of connection between the ends of the links (m) and
the plate (m), that is when the links (m) are in the position shewn
the engine will turn one way, when they are changed from 1 to 2 the
engine will turn the contrary way.
Fig. 22 is a partial edge section illustrating the manner in which
end motion may be conveyed from the governor mechanism arranged
as shewn by Figs. 8, 9, and 10, to regulate and adjust ordinary ex-
pansion valve gear or link motions." The collar (h) Figs. S and 10

page_text: may be of the form shewn at (d³) Fig. 22, which is a sliding collar
surrounded by a clip (d) having pivots which fit short slots in a forked
arm (d) on a shaft (d) which may be connected in any suitable manner
with the expansion valve gear. In Figs. 1 and 2 (Sheet 1) the
shaft (), Fig. 22, is shewn in dotted line, it has an arm () upon it
connected to another arm (n'), on another rocking shaft (n), which
has an arm (n) to which a link is jointed that changes the position
of the valve rod in an ordinary stationary link" motion worked by
the excentrics (ex) on the crank shaft (d).
<<
Fig. 23, Sheet 1, is a sectional edge view, and Fig. 24 an end view,
illustrating the fifth part of our Invention. P' is the piston rod; its end
is so formed with hollows or protuberances that when the piston
part (P) is cast upon it the metal will have firm hold.
The Figures on Sheet 3 illustrate the sixth part of our Invention,
Fig. 25 is an end view and a section through the line 1, 2, Fig. 26
which is an edge sectional view through the line 1, 2, Fig. 27
which is an outside plan view, the three views illustrating one
modification of our Invention. The casing of the apparatus consists
of two parts (a and a) united by flanges forming a central water
chamber (b) and two outside or steam chambers (c), one side of each
of which is formed by the covering plates (a³). In the casings
bearings are formed for two shafts (d) which extend from end to end
of the casing, and are fitted as accurately as possible, but so as to
rotate freely. Upon each shaft (d) and in each chamber a flyer, wheel
or pinion (e) is fixed, these flyers gearing or working as accurately
as possible with each other, their sides coming as close to the sides,
and the tops of their teeth as close to the circumference of their
chambers as possible. The steam is brought to the casing by the
pipe (f) and there branches in the casing through passages (f) to the
right and left, and then along a curved passage (f) to the flyers, wheels
or pinions (e) which are caused by its pressure to rotate in the direction
shewn by the arrows upon the flyers in Fig. 25; the steam leaves the
chamber by passages similar to those by which it entered, and is con-
veyed away by the pipe (f³) and is allowed to escape or it is conveyed
to a chamber (g) or other vessel from which the feed water is drawn
by the pipe (g) that carries it to the casing, which has passages (g) in
it (see Fig. 26) conducting the water to and from the flyers (e*) of the
central or water chamber (b), the water being taken away by the

page_text: pipe (g) to the boiler, cistern, or other vessel or apparatus to be supplied.
When the waste or exhaust steam is to be conveyed to the feed water,
a three-way cock (f) or other suitable arrangement is used in the
pipe (3) which can be turned so as to allow the exhaust steam to
escape into the atmosphere through the pipe () when starting the
apparatus to work, and after this is accomplished the cock (') is
turned to cause the steam to pass to the feed water chamber (g).
We recommend and prefer water flyers (ex) for the central chamber
of the form shewn in Fig. 32, and if coarse pitched wheels or flyers are
used in the steam chamber (c), we prefer that one set of steam flyers
should be fixed at about a quarter of the pitch of the teeth in advance
of the other. The steam pipe (f) is provided with a stop cock (/")
and the outflow water pipe (g) witli a valve to open to the outflow of
the water, but to prevent its return from the boiler or cistern to be
supplied with water.
In that modification of our Invention shewn by Figs. 25, 26, and 27,
the forces acting upon the shafts are balanced in great measure, so that
the friction upon the bearing is diminished; the forces acting upon the
shafts are not so well balanced in the modification to be next described,
but it has greater simplicity and fewer parts than the one first described.
Fig. 28 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 29 is an outside end view
of an apparatus with two chambers (b and c), one for steam and the
other for water. The two shafts (d) and the flyers (e and e*) are
arranged in their chambers, as herein-before explained, the ends of the
shafts (d) working in caps (a) in the end covers (a). The steam is
conveyed directly to the steam flyers (e) (which gear together, as
shewn in Fig. 30, by a pipe (), and the exhaust is taken away by a
pipe () and is allowed to escape, or it is used to heat the feed water
as herein-before explained, or is employed for other useful purpose.
The water is also conveyed directly to and from the water chamber by
the pipes g and g³. The flyers (ex) for the water are of the form
shewn in Fig. 32 when both the steam and water flyers are of the form
shewn in Fig. 32, then the two shafts (d) may be geared together by
toothed wheels, e being the steam flyer, ex the water flyer, and (h) the
toothed gear, as shewn in Fig. 31. The toothed gear may be placed
between the water and steam flyer if desired. Two sets of steam flyers
(see Fig. 33) may be used to work the steam expansively, one set (e)
of smaller displacement than the other (e), and the steam after passing

page_text: through the first (e) may be conveyed to the second set of flyers (e'),
and then to the feed water, or it may be used for blast purposes.
Instead of the water flyers (*) a single rotary or a centrifugal pump (e)
may be fixed upon or geared with one of the shafts (d) (see Fig. 33),
and this arrangement may be used for raising water.
With respect to
the modification shown by Figs. 25, 26, and 27, the steam flyers may
be in the centre and the water flyers at each end of the shafts (d').
When the apparatus illustrated by Figs. 25, 26, and 27, or that
illustrated by 28, 29, and 30, is used for feeding steam boilers with
water the displacement of the steam flyers (e) will have to exceed that
of the water flyers (ex) per revolution in about the proportion shown
by the Drawings, but when used for raising water their relative dis-
placement will depend upon the pressure of the steam and the height
to which the fluid has to be raised, in some cases the water flyers for
this latter purpose will exceed the steam flyers in displacement per
revolution. Stufling boxes may be placed on the shafts (d), and packing
may be used for the steam and water flyers, if desired. If toothed
wheels () are used simply for gearing the two shafts (d) together, it
may be arranged in a covered chamber, either in connection with the
chambers for the steam or water flyers, or it may be arranged to come
outside the casing (a or a') to work in the open air.
We have now particularly described the nature of our improvements,
and the manner of carrying them into effect, and claim S our
Invention
Firstly. The improved arrangement and combination of the parts of
steam or other motive engines, either stationary or portable (where the
cranks are formed between the bearings of the crank shaft) sub-
stantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Secondly. The combination and arrangement of excentrics and con-
nected parts, so that the excentrics may be adjusted on the crank
shafts, substantially as herein-before explained and illustrated by the
Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for adjusting
excentrics, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the
Drawings.
Fourthly. The governor mechanism separate from or combined with
the fly wheel for governing the speed or actuating or regulating

page_text: excentrics or valve gear, substantially as herein-before explained and
illustrated by the Drawings.
Fifthly. The construction of pistons and rods, as lierein-before
explained and illustrated by the Drawings..
Sixthly. The combination and arrangement of two sets of rotary,
wheels or flyers, one to act as the steam engine, the other as the pump,
substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Seventhly. The use of the exhaust steam from the combined apparatus
referred to in our sixth claim, to heat the water when feeding steam
boilers, as herein-before described.
Eighthly. The mode of working steam expansively by passing it
through two sets of steam flyers, and the driving by steam flyers of
rotary centrifugal pumps, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Wilson Hartnell and Stair Guthrie,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 27th day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
WILSON HARTNELL. (L.S.)
STAIR GUTHRIE.
(L.S.)