AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR KNOBS OR HANDLES MADE OF CHINA, EARTHENWARE, GLASS, OR OTHER VITREOUS OR SEMI-VITREOUS SUBSTANCE, AND PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jos Mayer, of Dale Hall Pottery, Longport, in the
County of Stafford, Manufacturer, and John David Kind, of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR KNOBS OR HANDLES MADE OF CHINA,
EARTHENWARE, GLASS, OR OTHER VITREOUS OR SEMI-VITREOUS SUBSTANCE, AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jos Mayer and John David
Kind at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 13th December 1854.
We, Jos MAYER, of Dale Hall Pottery, Longport, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, and JOHN DAVID KIND, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR KNOBS OR HANDLES MADE OF CHINA,
EARTHENWARE, GLASS, OR OTHER VITREOUS OR SEMI-VITREOUS SUBSTANCE, AND IN
ATTACHING THE SAID KNOBS OR HANDLES TO THEIR SPINDLES," to be as follows:-
We construct the metal mounts used in attaching the said door knobs or
handles to their spindles of the kind of iron called malleable iron, that is
to say, a kind of cast iron which is capable of being annealed. We attach
metal mounts to the said knobs or handles by means of gutta percha, or
compounds consisting principally of gutta percha.

page_text: Our new or improved mount for the said knobs or knobs or handles consists
of a square tube, having a flange at one end, and at the other two or more
tongues in a line with the sides of the tube. When the tube is inserted in
the knob the said tongues are opened out, so that it is no longer possible to
withdraw the tube from the knob. The opening of the tongues may be
effected by a tool introduced down the tube, or by the knob having holes,
into which the ends of the tongues enter, and which said holes deflect the said
tongues.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jos Mayer and John David Kind in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 11th June 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Jos
MAYER, of Dale Hall Pottery, Longport, in the County of Stafford, Manufac-
turer, and JOHN DAVID KIND, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Jos Mayer and John David Kind, Her special licence that we, the said
Jos Mayer and John David Kind, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Jos Mayer and John David Kind, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR KNOBS OR HANDLES
MADE OF CHINA, EARTHENWARE, GLASS, OR OTHER VITREOUS OR SEMI-VITREOUS SUB-
STANCE, AND IN ATTACHING THE SAID KNOBS OR HANDLES TO THEIR SPINDLES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Jos Mayer and John David
Kind, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal, of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within

page_text: six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Jos Mayer and John David Kind,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists, in the methods herein-after particularly described
and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, of constructing the metal
mounts used for attaching door knobs or handles to their spindles, and of con-
structing the said knobs or handles in a manner proper for the reception of the
said mounts.
Figure 1 represents in elevation, and Figure 2 in vertical section, a mount
constructed according to our Invention. The said mount is made of the kind
of iron commonly called malleable iron, that is to say, a kind of cast iron
which is capable of being annealed or softened by being heated in contact with
peroxide of iron; the said mount consists of a square tube a, having at one
end the flange b, and at its other end the ears c, d.
Figure 3 represents, in section, a door knob or handle of earthenware or
china, of a form suitable to receive the mount, Figures 1 and 2. The mount,
Figures 1 and 2, is introduced into the knob or handle (Figure 3), in the
manner illustrated in Figure 4, which said Figure 4 represents a knob or
handle with its mount constructed according to our Invention.
The mount, Figures 1 and 2, may be introduced into the hole of the
knob or handle, Figure 3, without difficulty until the ears c, d, are presented
to the diverging channels c, d, when considerable force must be applied to
the said mount. By the application of sufficient force, the parallel ears c, d,
of the mount are made to enter the channels c', d', (see Figure 4,) and the
mount becomes thereby fixed in the knob or handle, the diverging ears of
the mount resisting the withdrawal of the mount from the knob or handle.
We sometimes modify our Invention in the manner illustrated in the section
of a knob or handle in Figure 5, and in a plan of the same in Figure 6; that
is to say, instead of making the channels divergent, into which the ears of the
mount are forced, we make the said channels convergent, as seen in Figures 5
and 6.
When the mount, Figures 1 and 2, is forced in the knob or handle, Figures
5 and 6, the parallel ears of the said mount enter the convergent channels e, f,
and become thereby so bent as to fix the said mount in the said knob or
handle. Although we have found the mount, Figures 1 and 2, to be sufficiently

page_text: fixed in the knob, by the use of two ears c, d, entering, diverging, or converging
channels in the knob, yet four or other number of the said ears may be
employed.
Figure 7 represents, in plan, a knob having four diverging channels g, h, i, h,
into which a mount having four ears is forced. Instead of making the ears
c, d, Figures 1 and 2, enter diverging channels, the said ears may enter a.
hollow space in the interior of the knob, and by the introduction of a tool, the
said cars c, d, may be opened outwards or expanded, and thereby fixed in the
knob or handle; but we prefer the methods herein-before described. We
sometimes introduce gutta percha into the knob or handle, and by heating the
mount before introducing it into the knob, we fuse the said gutta percha,
which on cooling gives great steadiness to the mount; we sometimes also fix
mounts of other constructions into their knobs or handles, by means of gutta
percha, and make mounts of other constructions besides those herein described
of malleable or annealed cast iron. In order to give great steadiness to the
motion of door knobs or handles, we construct and affix the rose, against which
the door knob or handle works, as well as the base of the said knob, in the
manner illustrated in the section Figure 8. We attach to the door a plate of
metall, having a collar m; this plate is represented separately in section in
Figure 9, and in plan in Figure 10. Upon this plate we put the rose n, shown
separately in section in Figure 11, and upon the rose we place the knob or
handle o. The collar m enters the knob o, and gives great steadiness to the
motion of the said knob, even though the axis or spindle of the lock or latch
be loosely attached to the said knob o.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the precise details herein described, as the same may be
varied without departing from the nature of our said Invention; but we claim
as our Invention,―
Firstly, the method herein described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, and 7 of the accompanying Drawing, of attaching mounts to door knobs
or handles of china, earthenware, or other vitreous or semi-vitreous substance,
that is to say, by expanding the said mounds in the interior of the said knobs,
so as thereby to prevent the withdrawal of the said mounts.
Secondly, constructing mounts for door knobs or handles of malleable iron,
that is to say, of annealed cast iron.
Thirdly, affixing mounts to door knobs or handles by means of gutta percha,
or mixtures composed mainly of gutta percha.

page_text: Lastly, the method of giving steadiness to the motion of door knobs or
handles, herein described and illustrated in Figures S, 9, 10, and 11 of the
accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said Jos Mayer and John David Kind, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
JOHN DAVID KIND. (L.S.)
Witness to the signature of Jos Mayer,
JOHN BROOKES.
Witness to the signature of John David Kind,
GEORGE SHAW.