Improvements in Wire-drawing Apparatus.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Mar., 1890-Accepted, 5th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wire-drawing Apparatus.
We, BLASIUS BEGUZ of Feistritz, Karnthen, Austria, and PHILIPP BOECKER Jr.
of Hohenlimburg, Westphalia, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this inveu-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention relates to that description of wire drawing machine in which, in one
single operation, the wire is drawn out several degrees of fineness by causing a series
of drums to draw the wire successively through a series of dies.
With those machines that have heretofore been used for this purpose, a confusion
is apt to take place among the several lengths of wire, so that the drawing operation
has to be frequently interrupted, thereby reducing the rate of production of the
machines.
According to the present invention the above inconvenience is obviated by arranging
between the drawing cylinders and the dies intermediate guide rollers or pullies so
that the wire passing from the die to the drawing cylinder is made to pass over such
intermediate rollers and then again over the cylinder, from which it then passes to the
next die. By this means a sufficient interval is provided between the separate con-
tiguous wires passing through the dies, to effectually prevent any entanglement
thereof. The drawing cylinders may for this purpose be either cylindrical or conical
with suitable grooves or divisions, or they may be smooth, in which latter case the
intermediate guide rollers receive a longitudinal movement in the direction of the axes
of the drawing cylinder in order to prevent any wear of the surface of the latter.
The axis of the intermediato roller are furthermore provided devices which counteract
the tensional strain of the wire and prevent the intermediate roller from bearing
against the drawing cylinder.
The arrangement of the above described apparatus can be variously modifie.l; thus
according to one mode of construction the drawing drum is made cylindrical, with a
series of circular grooves, and a series of grooved intermediate guide rollers corre-
sponding in number to the number of drawing dies are arrange side by side on an
axis parallel with the axis of the drum, and situated intermediate between the drawing
drum and the dies. The wire is led from a reel, which may dip into a pickling bath,
first over one of a series of grooved outer guide rollers that are situated beyond the
drawing dies, from this the wire is led through the first die, whence it passes round
the first groove of the drawing drum (which also dips into a pickling bath) thence
over the first intermediate guide roller; then over the second groove of the drawing
drum, and over the second outer guide roller to the second drawing die, and so on,
till after passing through the last die and over the last groove of the drawing drum
the finished wire is led to a winding drum. As the strain exercised by the wire on
the drawing drum and intermediate guide rollers tends to draw these together, this is
counteracted by placing upon the axis of the intermediate guide rollers one or more
discs of such larger diameter than these rollers as to bear upon the periphery of the
drawing drum, thus taking the strain of the wire.
It will be seen that as each coil of the wire is made to run in a separate groove,
no confusion or entanglement of the several coils can take place.
The axis of the drawing drum may either be supported in bearings at each end of
the drum, or, to facilitate the winding on in the first instance, the drum is arranged to
overhang the bearings, two bearings being provided to the axis at one end of the drum,
with the driving gear situated between them.
Instead of making the drawing drum cylindrical, it may be conical or tapering, in
which case the axis of the intermediate guide rollers is placed parallel to the side of
the drum therefore at a Corresponding angle to the axis thereof. In this case the

page_text: wire, instead of passing from the drawing drum direct to the outer guide rollers
as before described, is first passed over another guide roller at a lower level, dipping
into a pickling bath.
According to another modification, the cylindrical drawing drum is made without
grooves, and to prevent entanglement of the contiguous coils of wire, the intermediate
guide rollers are each made with two grooves, the wire coming from the drawing
die being first passed over one of these grooves to the drawing drum, from which it
then passes round the second groove of the guide roller, then round the drum again,
and lastly to the outer guide roller and next drawing die.
ก!
In order to prevent unequal wear of the surface of the drawing drum the axis of
the intermediate guide rollers has a longitudinal to and fro motion imparted to it, so
as to cause he wire coils to travel to and fro in a corresponding manner on the surface
of the drum. Such motion may be imparted by any suitable mechanism such as a
revolving cam with sloping face acting on a head on the end of the axis, which is kept
up against the cam by spring pressure.
In the last described arrangement the drawing drum may be provided with thin
circular ribs or partitions at suitable intervals apart, for still further preventing
entanglement of the contiguous coils.
According to another arrangement the drawing drum is made conical with grooves
as in the second described arrangement, but instead of arranging all the intermediate
guide rollers on one and the same inclined axis, they are each mounted on a separate
short axis, which is placed parallel to the axis of the drum, but the axes of the several
guide rollers are so mounted in a frame, that a line drawn through the centres of all
the rollers is parallel to the conical side of the drum.
In the before described arrangements there may be two drawing drums and two
sets of dies and guide rollers, arranged symmetrically opposite each other, the wire
being made to pass first through a die of the one set, then over the corresponding
drum and intermediate guide roller to a groove of one set of the outer guide rollers
(which may in this case be formed as step pulleys, and be situated between the two
sets of dies) then through a die of the second set and round the corresponding drawing
drum and intermediate guide pulleys, and so on.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1889
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wire-drawing Apparatus.
We, BLASIUS BEGUZ of Feistritz, Kärnthen, Tyrol, and PHILIPP BOECKER Jr. of
Hohenlimburg, Westphalia, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that description of wire-drawing machine in which, in
one single operation, the wire is drawn out several degrees of fineness by causing a
series of drums to draw the wire successively through a series of dies. With those
machines that have heretofore been used for this purpose, a confusion is apt to take
place among the several lengths of wire, so that the drawing operation has to l be
frequently interrupted, thereby reducing the rate of production of the machines.
According to the present invention the above inconvenience is óbviated, by
arranging between the drawing cylinders and the dies intermediate guide" rollers
or pullies so that the wire passing from the die to the drawing cylinder is made to
pass over such intermediate rollers and then again over the cylinder from which it
ihen passes to the next die. By this means a sufficient interval is provided between
the separate contiguous wires passing through the dies, to effectually, prevent any
entanglement thereof. The drawing" cylinders may for this purpose be either
cylindrical or conical with suitable grooves or divisions or they may be smooth, in

page_text: which latter case the intermediate guide rollers receive a longitudi al movement in
the direction of the axes of the drawing cylin ler in order to prevent any wear of the
surface of the latter.
The axes of the intermediate rollers are further more provided with devices which
counteract the tensional strain of the wire and prevent the intermediate rollers from
bearing against the drawing cylinder.
The accompanying drawings shew various arrangements for carrying out the above
described invention.
Figs. 1 and 2 shew respectively a diagrammatic elevation and plan of the arrange-
ment with the drawing cylinder. The wire passes from the reel F, (which may
dip into a pickling bath), over the guide roller which has angular grooves C to
the die fixed in the frame B, from which it passes to the drawing cylinder D driven
by the main shaft of the machine, and which dips in a suitable manner into the
bath Z filled with pickling liquor. This drawing cylinder D is also formed with
angular grooves D₁, and the wire passes from one of these grooves D₁ to the inter-
mediate guide roller E, which, as before describel, forms the main feature of this
invention. This roller is carried loose on an axis situated parallel to the axis of the
drawing cylinder D. These intermediate guide rollers E also have angular grooves E',
and several of these' rollers being situated side by side loose on their common axis,
it will be seen that they may revolve in contrary directions independently of each
other. From these intermediate guide rollers the wire again passes over the drawing
cylinder D, where it enters a groove D' next to the groove from which it before
passed to the guide roller. In this groove it is carried through the pickling liquor
and thence over the guide roller to another drawing die. From this it again
passes to the drawing cylinder D and thence over the intermediate guide roller E,
and so on, as many times as there are dies through which the wire is to be drawn.
Lastly, the wire passes as a finished product from the drawing cylinder on to the
winding drum A which is driven direct from the driving shaft.
In order to neutralise the tensional strain produced by the wire tending to force
the drawing cylinder D and the intermediate guide roller E towards each other, the
axis of the latter carries one or more contact rollers G which bear against a corre-
sponding surface on the cylinder, and thus prevent any contact between the
intermediate rollers and the drawing cylinder. As in this case each wire runs in a
separate V groove on the drawing cylinder, no confusion or entanglement of the
several coils of wire during the process of drawing can occur.
The axes of the drawing cylinder D and intermediate guide rollers E are in this
case assumed to be supported on each side of the machine, but in order to facilitate
the coiling-on of the wire in the first instance these axes may be carried in such a
manner that they are corbelled out, both bearings being situated at one of the ends
of the cylinder bearings situated between the cylinder and guide rollers and having
the driving gear for the drawing cylinder situated between them.
The arrangement shewn on Figs. 3 and 4 respectively in elevation and plan only
differs from the foregoing in that the drawing drum D with its angular grooves 1)
is not cylindrical as before but conical or tapering. In this case the axis, on which
are mounted the intermediate guide rollers E and the supporting roller G, is not
parallel to that of the drawing drum, but parallel to the conical surface thereof.
The course taken by the wire is the same as before, with the single difference thit,
before it passes from the drawing drum over the guide roller C to the next drawing
die, it is led over the lower guide roller H dipping into the pickling liquor containe
in the vessel Z below, so that the wire, before each passage into the next die, is
carried through the pickling liquor. Also, in this case the free support of the axes
of the drawing drum and the intermediate guide rollers referred to in the previous
arrangement may be adopted.
In the arrangement shewn at Figs. 5 and 6, the drawing drum is formed without
the before described angular groove, being made perfectly smooth and cylindrical.
In order also in this case to prevent entanglement of the several windings of the

page_text: .
wire, the intermediate guide rollers, carried on an axis parallel to that of the
drawing drum D, are provided each with two grooves E¹. Over one of these grooves
the length of wire is passed, which, coming from the drawing die passes on to and
round the drawing drum, so that this groove only serves to guide the wire always
- in the same direction. The second groove of each intermediate guide roller serves
to guide the wire before it passes a second time round the drawing drum, from which
it then passes over the guide roller C to the next drawing die. By this arrangement
also no entanglement of the windings of wire can take place.
In order in this arrangement to prevent any wear of the smooth cylindrical drawing
drum, for which generally very hard material is taken, the axis on which the
intermediate guide rollers E are mounted receives a slight to and fro motion in the
longitudinal direction, so that by this means also the wires passing over the drawing
druin D receive a continuous to and fro movement in the direction of the axis of the
drum, thereby causing any wear to take place uniformly on the entire surface of
the drum in the longitudinal direction. The means for imparting this to and fro
motion to the axis of the intermediate guide rollers E may be variously modified.
In the drawing is shewn, by way of example, an inclined dis: or cam L, which is
actuated by the drawing drum or any other rotating part of the machine, and which
lears against suitably formed head M fixed on the end of the axis of the intermediate
guide rollers E, thereby imparting to such axis a motion in one direction, while the
return motion is effected by a spring K.
In Figs. 7 and 8 is shewn an arrangement similar to that just described with the
single difference that, in order to still further prevent any entanglement of the wires,
there are provided on the cylindrical drum D thin partition-discs D2, which are
sitnited between each two coilings of the wire on the drum, so that these partition-
discs also keep separate those windings of the wire that are not led round the
intermediate guile rollers E. Also, in this case, a to and fro motion is imparted to
the interme liate guide rollers and consequently also to the wires in the direction
prallel to the axis of the drawing drum.
The above described arrangement of the bearings for facilitating the winding on of
the wire can also be adapted in this arrangement in such manner that the apparatus is
provided with two symmetrically arranged drawing drums, the space between the two
being utilised both for the driving gear of the drawing drums as also for the
arrangement for imparting a to and fro motion to the axis of the guide rollers and for
the bearings of the axes.
Figs. 9 and 10 shew an arra igement in which the drawing drums are mounted on
vertical axes, those before described being assumed to be horizontal. With this
arrangement the two symmetrically arranged drawing drums are formed conical, and
are also provided with angular grooves, which are not shewn on the drawing on
account of the smallness of the scale. The intermediate guide rollers E are each
mounted on a separate axis, all the axes of the guide rollers belonging to one drum
being mounted in a frame N, which is connected to the two supports O O₁ of the
bearings for the drawing drum D, so that a line drawn through the centre of all the
intermediate guide rollers lies parallel to the conical surface of the drawing drum instead
of to its axis. The guid: rollers having angular grooves are formed in this case
with varying diameters. The wire passes from the reel F over small guide rollers r
on to the first lower groove of the right hand drawing drum D; it then passes over
the smallest of the guide rollers C, at the same time dipping into the vessel Z containing
pickling liquor, and passes thence to the first drawing die situated in the left hand
frame B. From there it passes to the lower groove of the left hand drawing drum D
and passes round the same and round the intermediate guide roller E twice. It is
then led over the second smallest guide roller of the front set, and in passing round
the same dips into the pickling liquor, from which it passes to the drawing die situated
in the right hand frame B. From there it passes to the second groove of the right
hand drawing drum D. After having passed twice round the same and round the
intermediate guide roller E, the wire passes over a guide roller C, through the pickling
liquer and again to the left hand drawing drum D, and so on until it has passed

page_text: through all the several drawing dies. This motion of the wire is indicated on the
drawing by the numerals 1 to 22. The two symmetrical drawing drums D acting
together are driven by one and the same shaft P and bevil gear Q Q.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1. In wire drawing apparatus in which the wire is at one operation reduced several
numbers in size by being caused to pass consecutively from a drawing drum through
a series of drawing dies, the use of intermediate guide rollers provided with angular
grooves and situated between the drawing drum and the dies and so arranged that the
wire passing from the first drawing die to the drawing drum is led first round an
intermediate guide roller, which leads it back again to the drum whence it passes to the
second die, substantially as herein described
2. In combination with the intermediate guide rollers referred to in the preceding
claim, the use of discs or rollers of larger diameter bearing against the surface of the
drawing drum in order to prevent the latter and the guide rollers from being drawn
into contact by the tensional strain put upon them by the wire coiled round them,
substantially as herein described.
3. The combination of the intermediate guide rollers referred to in the first claim,
provided with angular grooves, with a cylindrical drawing drum whose axis is parallel
to the axis of the intermediate guide rollers and which is also provided with angular
grooves, substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
4. The combination of the intermediate guide rollers referred to in the first claim,
provided with angular grooves, with a conical drawing drum with angular grooves, the
axis of the guide rollers being placed parallel to the conical side of the drum
substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings.
5. The combination of the intermediate guide rollers referred to in the first claim,
having angular grooves, with a smooth cylindrical drawing drum, each intermediate
guide roller being provided with two grooves while the axis thereof has a to-and-fro
motion imparted to it in the direction of the axis of the drawing drum, substantially
as herein described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings.
6. In the arrangement of smooth cylindrical drawing drum and intermediate guide
rollers referred to in the preceding claim, providing the drawing drum with thin
partition discs or flanges situated between every two coils of wire upon the drum,
substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings.
7. The combination of the intermediate guide rollers referred to in the first claim
having angular grooves, with a conical drawing drum also having angular grooves, the
axes of the intermediate guide rollers being parallel to the axis of the drum, while a
line drawn through the centres of all the intermediate guide rollers is parallel to the
conical surface of the drum, substantially as herein described with reference to
Figs. 9 and 10 of the drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1890
ABEL & IMRAY.
Agents for the Applicants.