IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREFOR
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Johnson, of Burgess Hill, in the County of Sussex,
Terra Cotta. Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, AND IN THE APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREFOR."
Scaled the 1st July 1879, and dated the 14th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1879.
HENRY JOHNSON, of Burgess Hill, in the County of Sussex, Terra Cotta Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, AND IN THE
APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREFOR.'
"
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the facing or floating of brick walls
with plaster or cement, and to ensure a firm keying of the applied material to the
walls.
To secure these objects I propose to rebate the side faces and ends of the bricks,
preferring that these rebates shall have a dove-tail section, so as to ensure the inter-
locking of the plaster or cement with the wall surfaces.
The bricks I first mould in a brick machine in the usual manner, and as they are
delivered from the mould I pass them onto a second mould, which is formed with
ribbed surfaces at its ends, and is provided with a rising and falling bottom plate,
which is also ribbed, and a ribbed pressing plate or plunger, which completes, the
mould. The ribs on the ends of the mould stand up vertically, and the ribs on the
bottom plate run longitudinally of the mould. All these ribs are rebated by pre-
ference to form dove tail recesses in the brick. The ribs in the plunger will however
be without rebates, to allow of their disengagement from the compressed brick in a
vertical direction. As the brick is delivered to this ribbed mould it will be received
onto the bottom plate, which is then raised to the level of the top edge of the
mould. This plate will then descend, carrying with it the brick, and the plunger
following the brick will compress it to the shape of the ribbed mould.
To discharge the brick the plunger is first raised and the bottom plate is pushed
up, carrying with it the moulded brick, which slides over the vertical ribs on the
ends of the mould. When the brick has been pushed up out of the mould, a traverse
longitudinal motion is imparted to it by the next following brick from the first
mould, in order to disengage it from the ribs of the bottom plate. The brick now
ribbed on four faces is ready to be removed from the machine, and placed in the
drying shed preparatory to firing.

page_text: facturer..
BERNKX—JVENSON,_VL_Durgess mim, in the County of Sussex, Terra-Cotta. Miam
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, AND IN-THE-
-APPARATUS-TO-BE-USED-THEREFOR.
"
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the facing or floating of brick walls
with plaster or cement, and to ensure a-firm keying of the applied material to the
walls.
To secure these objects I propose to rebate the side faces and ends of the bricks,
preferring that these rebates shall have a dovetail section, so as to ensure the inter-
locking of the plaster or cement with the wall surfaces:
The bricks I first mould in a brick machine in the usual manner; and as they are
delivered from the mould I pass them on to a second mould, which is formed with
ribbed surfaces at its ends; and is provided with a rising and falling bottom plate;
which is also ribbed, and a ribbed pressing plate or plunger, which completes the
mould.
In the accompanying Drawing, Figures 1 shew in side and end view my improved
grooved brick, which is formed in a mould similar to that illustrated by Figures 2
and 3; Fig. 2 is a plan view of my improved ribbed mould; and Fig. 3 is a cross
section of the same; shewing also the plunger which constitutes the top of the inould;
Fig. 4 shews the mould on a smaller scale as applied to a press of the kind known
as Gill's moulding press. The mould is composed of four vertical pieces; a, a, are
the ends of the mould, and b, b, the sides of the mould. These parts are rebated
at their angles of junction, and are held together by insertion into a rectangular
opening in the table A of the press; c is the bottom plate of the mould, constituting
the face of a plunger B, which receives an up and down motion from a rock lever C,
actuated through a connecting rod by a cam on the driving shaft, not shewn in the
Drawing; d is the plunger, which fits into the top of the mould, and works in guides
D; D, formed in the standard of the press. This plunger is actuated by a crank on
the driving shaft of the machine.
The ribs on the end pieces a, a, of the mould, it will be seen, stand up vertically,
and the ribs on the bottom plate c run longitudinally of the mould. All these ribs
are rebated by preference to form dovetail recesses in the brick. The ribs in the
plunger & will however be without rebates, to allow of their disengagement from
the compressed brick in a vertical direction. As the brick is delivered to this ribbed
mould, it will be received on to the bottom plate c, which is for that purpose raised
to the level of the top edge of the mould. This plate c will then descend, carrying
with-it-the-brick, and the plunger_d_following the brick will compress it to the
shape of the ribbed mould.
To discharge the brick the plunger d is first raised, and the bottom plate c is
pushed up to its highest level, carrying with it the moulded brick, which slides over
the vertical ribs on the ends of the mould. When the brick has been pushed up
out of the mould a longitudinal traverse motion is imparted to it by the next
following brick from the first mould, in order to disengage it from the ribs of the
bottom plate c. The brick now ribbed on four faces is ready to be reinoved from
the machine and placed in the drying shed preparatory to firing.
From the foregoing it will be understood that the direction of the rebates on the
moulded brick may vary, and also to a certain extent the form of the rebates; the
main object being to ensure a good holding surface for the floated plaster
or cement.
It will also be understood that by thus providing for an interlocking of the cement
or plaster with the bricks a thin coating of the plaster or cement may be used
without risk of its peeling off, and thus by the use of my improved bricks a saving

page_text: in the amount of surfacing material employed may be effected, and the time of the
workman economised.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in the
Manufacture of Bricks, and in the Apparatus to be Used therefor," and explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under
the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim,-
First. Rebating the sides and ends of bricks, in the manner and for the purpose
above described.
Second. Constructing moulds as above described, for indenting or rebating the
sides and ends of bricks while in a soft or plastic state.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Johnson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)