Iм- PROVEMENTS IN THE SHAPE AND CASTING OF MISSILES, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the
County of Middlesex, and 18, Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the
Empire of France, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE SHAPE AND CASTING OF MISSILES, AND IN THE APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH."-A communication from the Marquis Ernest
de Fornari, residing at Genoa, in the Kingdom of Italy, Colonel of
Artillery in the Italian Army.
Sealed the 19th January 1869, and dated the 16th November 1868.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 16th November 1868, pursuant to the
9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1859
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
and Declaration, on the 16th November 1868, pursuant to the
9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, and 18,
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRI
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
10, Sackville Street, Piccadilly, in the County of Middlesex, and 18,

page_text: Chaussée d'Antin, Paris, in the Empire of France, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE SHAPE AND CASTING OF MISSILES, AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE-
WITH," a communication from the Marquis Ernest de Fornari, a person
resident at Genoa, in the Kingdom of Italy, Colonel of Artillery in
the Italian Army, and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for
the same, and made solemn Declaration that it is a communication.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do
hereby declare that the following Complete Specification, under my
hand and seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, referenco
being had to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters marked
thereon, that is to say:―
The improvements communicated to me relate to a missile of a novel
and improved shape for piercing armour-plated vessels and fortifications,
to a novel and improved mode of casting the said missile, and to the
apparatus employed in operating this casting.
The accompanying Drawings represent a plane view and a longi-
tudinal section of the said apparatus and missile. The missile is of a
conical-ogival conical-truncated form, that is to say, it is composed of a
point and body; the point is conical-ogival and the body of the shape
of a truncated cone or of several parts of a truncated cone joined together
with the point. The missile may be solid or hollow; if hollow, it is
furnished with a screw hole a situate in the rear part which serves as a
base to the cone; into this hole should be screwed a fusee or metallic
plug.
The missile is made of a mixture of hard and soft cast iron, or of
cast steel alone. The proportion of hard and of soft cast iron depends
upon the quality of the metal employed, and whether the missile is to be
solid or hollow. The missile is cast in a chill and hardened outwardly
by plunging the chill into cold water constantly renewed. If hollow, it
has an inside chamber of iron or cast iron. The missile may be
hardened inwardly by causing a current of cold water to pass at high
pressure through this chamber, thus rapidly cooling the yet liquid metal
which has been poured into the chill. By reason of the pressure

page_text: exercised upon the water this latter is forced into the chamber through a
pipe 6 inserted in the screw hole a, but of a lesser diameter, whilst the
heated water and vapour steam produced by the water coming into
contact with the walls of the chamber rendered red-hot by the liquid
metal issue through the space existing between the pipe b and another
pipe c of a larger diameter which is concentric to it and screwed to the
chamber; this pipe is also intended to retain the chamber itself in its
right position. The operation once terminated, the two pipes cm-
ployed in the hardening process are taken off. The greater or lesser
duration of the hardening process depends upon the quality of the soft
or hard cast iron; practice alone can help to determine the right length
of time required for each mixture according to the calibre and thickness
of the walls. The means by which to ascertain the degree of hardening
required for cach mixture is to operate in suchwise that the two external
and internal hardened parts well nigh join or meet, leaving, however,
between each a layer of rough casting, whilst the layers hardened ex-
ternally and internally should, if broken, exhibit a fibrous crystallization,
the fibres running directly in the same direction as the internal surfaces
of the chamber and external surfaces of the missile which has been
thoroughly hardened.
Having thus fully described the nature of the said Invention, and
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be clearly
understood that what I claim is, "a missile of a conical-ogival and
conical-truncated form, and the novel and improved mode of casting the
same in an improved apparatus for the purpose herein-before sub-
stantially set forth and described, and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of November,
in the year of our Lord Eighteen hundred and sixty-eight.
1. DONNEVILLE. (L.S.)
1