IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Brigg and Thomas Hargreaves Brigg, of Bradford,
in the County of York, Machine Makers, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Brigg and Thomas
Hargreaves Brigg at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th
April 1880.
"
CHARLES BRIGG and THOMAS HARGREAVES BRIGG, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Machine Makers. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING AND IN
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.
"
This Invention relates to further improvements in apparatus connected to looms
for weaving, for which Letters Patent were granted to us dated the Eighteenth
day of March, One thousand eight hundred and seventy eight, number 1064, and
also to further improvements in the apparatus connected to looms, for which we
obtained Provisional protection, dated the Ninth day of Decomber, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine, numbered 5034, and our said Invention
consists :-
Firstly. In further improvements in apparatus for delivering the warps with
equal tension from end to end without manual labour.
Secondly. In further improvements in apparatus for reducing the pressure on the
piece beam as the fabrics are woven and wound on the beam.
Thirdly. In apparatus for keeping an equal tension on the warps when the healds
or heddles are open or closed, producing a good cover on the fabrics.
For the purpose of delivering the warps with equal tension, and for pulling back,
we fit on each end and at the back of the loom brackets of similar construction to
those shewn and described in our former Patent, and also employ the compound
levers. On the spur rail of the loom we fit a bracket having a boss, in which is
fitted a stud, and on which works the fulcrum of a lever having a long and a short
arm, the short arın being struck from a centre forming a quadrant; on this
quadrant works a link which is connected at one end by a rod to the short arm
of the compound levers; the other end of the link is made with a jaw in which is
fitted a stud, and on which works a small pulley which travels on the top side of
the quadrant, and works up according to the diameter of the warp beam; the top

page_text: of the short arm or quadrant is fitted with a round box, in which is fitted a spiral
spring to regulate the tension, and on the outside of the box is secured one end of
a chain or band, the other end being secured to the stud of the friction pulley
working on the quadrant; another chain or band is also secured on the stud, which
passes on a small pulley cast or secured on the boss of the long and short lever,
this chain or band is made to wind partly over a screwed cam, which is made
with a small pulley on the side, and to which is fixed a chain or band; the end of
this chain or band is secured to the bottom end of a banging down lever having
on the top a bearing plate which presses on the warps on the warp beam; the
hanging down lever works in guides formed on a bracket which is secured to the
loom.
As the warps are wound off the beam by the weaving operations the bearing
plate rises, lifting up the hanging down lever and pulling up the chain secured to
--the-lever which actuates the screwed_cam unwinding the cam chain or band,
pulling down the chain and lifting up the link, reducing the pressure on the warp
beam; the spring in the box keeps the bearing plate in contact with the warps,
and regulates the pressure thereon, thus taking off the pressure on the warps as the
weaving operations take place.
Secondly. The improvements for reducing the pressure on the piece beam as the
fabrics are woven. We employ similar piece beam supports to those shown and
described in our former Patent, but instead of the levers with hooks we employ T
levers; one end of the levers are connected to the beam supports, the other end to
arms cast on bearers, and which are secured to the spur rail of the loom ; the piece
beam supports are made with openings through which pass chains which aro
connected to rods, and which rods are secured to a strong spiral spring; one of the
chains is secured to a-stud fitted to one of the piece bean supports, the other chain
passes over a guide cast on the pressure handle, and the end is secured to a rod
having a screwed end; this rod passes through a boss cast on the handle, and nuts
are screwed on the rod to secure the chain in position; a rod having a hook is
fitted to one of the bearer supports; the hook is passed on the handle when the
pressure is put on to keep the pressure on the piece beam.
We can by these means regulate to any degree of pressure to suit any class of
work.
Thirdly. The apparatus for keeping an equal tension on the warps when the
healds or heddles are open or closed, and producing a good cover on the fabrics, is
constructed with an oscillating rail which is fitted at the back of the loom; the
rail is made with round projecting ends which work in bearings, and which are
secured to the loom frames; on one of these rounded ends (or both ends may be
fitted with an apparatus), we fit a double lever, the front lever being made with
notches, on which is passed a hook of a rod, which is connected at the other end
to a long lever having notches to keep in any required position a moveable weight
which is made with lugs, through which is fitted a stud, and which is placed in any
required notch preventing the weight moving out of position. The back arm of
the double lever is made on the underside with an opening or notch, on which is
passed a loop formed on the end of a rod; this rod passes through a plate, which is
secured to the loom, and over the rod and on the top of the plate is fitted a spiral
spring, and on the top of the rod is secured a thumb scrow to regulate the pressure
on the spring. The position of the weight on the long bottom lever depends on
the tension required to be placed on the warps.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Brigg and Thomas Hargreaves Brigg in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th October 1880.
CHARLES BRIGG and THOMAS HARGREAVES BRIGG, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
"
This Invention relates to further improvements in apparatus connected with
looms for weaving, for which Letters Patent were granted to us dated the Eighteenth
day of March, One thousand eight hundred and seventy eight, numbered 1064, and
also to further improvements in the apparatus connected with looms for weaving,
for which we obtained Provisional protection, dated the Ninth day of December,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine, numbered 5034, and our said
Invention consists:-
Firstly. In further improvements in apparatus for delivering the warps with
equal tension from end to end without manual labor.
Secondly. In further improvements in apparatus for reducing the pressure on
the piece beam as the fabrics are woven and wound on the beam.
Thirdly. In apparatus for keeping an equal tension on the warps when the healds
or heddles are open or closed, producing cover on the fabrics.
For the purpose of delivering the warps with equal tension and for pulling back,
we fit on each end and at the back of the loom brackets of similar construction to
those shewn and described in the Specification of our said former Letters Patent,
and also employ the compound levers. On the spur rail of the loom we fit a bracket
having a boss, in which is fitted a stud, and on which works tho fulcrum of a lever
having a long and a short arm, the short arm being struck from a centre forming
a quadrant; on this quadrant works a link which is connected at one end by a
rod to the short arm of the compound levers; the other end of the link is made
with a jaw, in which is fitted a stud, and on which works a small pulley which
travels on the top side of the quadrant, and works up according to the diameter of
the warp beam; the top of the short arm or quadrant is fitted with a pulley, and
over the pulley passes a chain, the other end is secured to the stud of the friction
pulley working on the quadrant; another chain is secured on the stud passing
under a small pulley secured on the boss of the long and short lever; this chain is
made to wind over a screwed cam which is made with a small pulley on the side,
and to which is fixed a chain; the end of the chain is secured to the bottom end
of a hanging down lever, having on the top a bearing plate which presses on tho
warps on the warp beam; the hanging down lever works in guides formed on a
bracket which is secured to the loom.
As the warps are wound off the beam by the weaving operations the bearing
plate rises, lifting up the hanging down lever and pulling up the chain secured to
the lever which actuates the screwed cam unwinding the cam chain or band, pulling
down the chain and lifting up the link, reducing the pressure on the warp beam. A
spiral spring is fixed to the chain passing over the top pulley keeping the bearing
plate in contact with the warps, and regulates the pressure thereon, thus taking off
the pressure on the warps as the weaving operations take place.
In carrying out the improvements for reducing the pressure on the piece beam as
the fabrics are woven we employ similar piece beam supports to those shewn and
described in our said former Letters Patent, but instead of the levers with hooks
we employ T levers. One end of the levers is connected to the beam supports, the
other end to arms cast on bearers which are secured to the spur rail of the loom.
The piece beam supports are made with openings through which pass chains con-
nected to rods, which rods are secured to a strong spiral spring. One of the chains
is secured to a stud fitted to one of the piece beam supports, the other chain passes

page_text: over a guide cast on the pressure handle, and the end is secured to a rod having a
screwed end; this end passes through a boss cast on the handle, and nuts are secured
to the rod to secure the chain in position. A rod having a hook is fitted to one of
the beam supports; the hook is passed on the handle when the pressure is put on
to keep the pressure on the piece beam. Wo can by these means regulate to any
degree the pressure to suit any class of work.
The apparatus for keeping an equal tension on the warps when the healds or
heddles are open or closed, and producing a good cover on the fabrics, is constructed
with an oscillating rail which is fitted at the back of the loom. The rail is made
with round projecting ends which work in bearings secured to the loom frames; on
one of these rounded ends (but both ends may be fitted with an apparatus) we fit a
double lever, the front lever being made with notches, on which is passed the hook
--of-a-rod which.is.connected.at_the_other_end_to a long lover having notches to keep
in any required position a movable weight which is made with lugs, through which
is fitted a stud, and which is placed in any required notch, preventing the weight
moving out of position. The back arm of the double lever is made on the undersido
with an opening or notch, on which is passed a hoop formed on the end of a rod;
this rod passes through a plate which is secured to the loom, and over the rod and
on the top of the plate is litted a spiral spring, and on the top of the rod is secured
a thumb screw to regulate the pressure on the spring. The position of the weight
on the long bottom lever depends on the tension required to be placed on the
warps.
But in order to enable our improvements to be better understood we will proceed
to more particularly describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawings,
in which in Sheet 1, Figure 1 represents a back view of a loom with our improved
apparatus for delivering the warps with equal tension from end to end without
manual labour; also front view of apparatus for keeping an equal tension on the
warps when the healds or heddlos are open or closed. Figure 2, side view of the
same; and Figure 3 represents part of the side view of a loom frame, with
the pressure gear of the apparatus for keeping an equal tension on and casing the
warps.
In Sheet 2 Figure 4 represents a front elevation of apparatus for reducing the
pressure on the piece beam as the fabrics are woven and wound on the beam;
Figure 5, side view; and Figure 6, plan of the same.
Similar letters of reference are used to represent similar parts.
Figures 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 1.-A, side frames of a loon; B, curved brackets which
are fitted at the back of the loom and secured to the frames by bolts and nuts. On
the tops of the brackets are fitted arms C which press on a cap D; the ends of the
arins are made with hooks or notches E, on which are passed the looped ends of the
rods F, which are connected to compound levers. And we would have it under-
stood that we make no claim in this Patent to the curved brackets, arms, and
compound levers, as they are nearly similar in construction to those shewn and
described in the Specification of our said foriner Letters Patent of 1878, numbered
1004.
On the spur rail G of the loom we fit brackets B' having a boss H in which is
fitted a stud, and on which works the fulcrum of a lever having a long arm I having
a moveable balance weight and a short arm J struck from the centre P", forming a
quadrant, on which works a pulley K which is fitted on a stud secured in the forked
ends L of a rod M; to the end of this rod is attached a chain N, which works over
a small pulley O which is passed over a stud fitted to a link P, which is secured to
the short arm Q of the compound lever. The chain N is secured to a rod N³, and
the rod is secured to a screwed rod 02 passed through a hanging down lever Q².
The small pulley K travels on the top side of the short arm J, and works up
according to the diameter of the warps R on the warp beam S. Over the stud of
the pulley K is passed a link T, to which are secured small chains U and V ; the
chain U works over a pulley fitted on a stud secured in the top of the short arm J,
and is secured to a spiral spring W, which is secured to a hook fitted to the front

page_text: spur rail of the loom. The spiral spring keeps the plato A¹ in contact with the
warps; the chain V works over a small pulley X, which is fitted on the fulcrum
stud of the lever having a short and long arm, and passes from there and is made
to wind partly over a screwed camn Y, and then secured to the end of a hanging
down lever Z, having on the top a bearing plate A', which presses on the warps R
on the warp beam S; the hanging down lever works in a guide made in the
bracket B which is fixed to the spur rail G.
As the warps R are wound off the beam S by the weaving operations the bearing
plate A¹ rises and lifts up the hanging down lever Z, pulling up the chain V,
unwinding the chain from the screwed cam Y, lifting up the chain U, consequently
raising up the small pulley K, thus reducing the pressure on the warp beam; the
spiral spring W keeps the bearing plate A¹ in contact with the warps R and
regulates the pressure thereon, thereby reducing the pressure as the weaving
operations take place.
The apparatus for keeping an equal tension, easing the warps when the healds or
heddles are open and closed, and producing a good cover on the fabrics, is constructed
with an oscillating rail C₁ fitted at the back of the loom. The rail is made with
round projecting ends E' which work in bearings F', and which are secured to the
frames A; on one of the rounded ends E' we fit a lever G', which is made with
notches II', over which is passed a hook of a rod I', which is hooked at the other
end to a lever J', having also on the top notches K' to keep in any required position
a movable weight L', which is made with side lugs M', through which is fitted a
stud N' placed on any of the notches K' to prevent the weight L' moving out of
position. The lever J¹ works on a stud O' which is fixed in the top of the bracket P¹
secured to the frame A.
The other end of the rounded end of the rail C¹ is fitted with a lever Q¹ having
on the underside a notch or opening on which is passed the looped end of a rod R,
which passes through a plate S¹ secured to the loom and over the rod R¹; and
bearing on the top of the plate S¹ is fitted a spiral spring T¹; a washer U' is fitted
on the top of the rod to keep the spring in position, and is secured by a nut V₁.
The position of the weight L' is regulated according to the tension required to be
placed on the warps.
For reducing the pressure on the piece beam as the fabrics are woven I will refer
to Figures 4, 5, and 6, Sheet 2. For this purpose we employ arms or supports W¹,
which are connected to compound levers X which work on studs Y' and 'Z' secured
to brackets A² fixed to the spur rail G; one of the arins or supports W' is connected
to a chain B² secured to a rod C2 attached to a strong spiral spring D²; the other
end of the spring is secured to a rod E, to which is attached a chain F' which passes
over a curved guide plate G2 cast on the end of a pressure lever He made with a
handle The pressure lever is made with a boss J, through which is passed a
screwed rod K³, over which screws a nut L² to secure the chain in position; to the
rod K is secured the chain F. A rod Mis secured to one of the arms or
supports W, which is made with a hook which is passed over the pressure lever H²
when the pressure is put on so as to keep the pressure on the piece beam.
Having thus described our improvements, and the best means we are acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not
confine ourselves to the precise details shewn and described, as they may be varied
without departing from the peculiar character of the Invention, but what we do
claim is,―
Firstly. The general arrangement, construction, and employment of our improved
apparatus for placing the weight on the warp beam and removing the same for
pulling back purposes, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described
and represented in Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The general arrangement, construction, and employment of apparatus
for keeping an equal tension and easing the warps when the healds or heddles are
open and closed, and producing a good cover on the fabrics, substantially as heroin-
before described and represented in Sheet 1 of the Drawings annexed.

page_text: Thirdly. The construction and employment of self-acting apparatus for reducing
the pressure on the piece beam as the fabrics are woven and wound on the beam,
substantially as aud for the purpose hereinbefore described and represented in
Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hargreaves Brigg, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Charles Brigg, have hereto set my hand and seal, this
Fourth of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
cighty.
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C. E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
THOMAS HARGREAVES BRIGG. (L.S.)