CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING YARNS OR THREADS.
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Cooke, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN DYEING YARNS OR THREADS.
Sealed the 3rd March 1857, and dated the 10th September 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Cooke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
September 1856.
I, HENRY COOKE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING YARNS OR THREADS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in dyeing yarns or threads in the ordinary dressing
machines, usually called "Kenworthy's tape leg machines," and in the novel
adaptation of such machines to this purpose, by the application or use of
dyeing or coloring troughs or vessels, rollers, and other necessary apparatus for
the performance of such operation previously to the processes of dressing or
sizeing. This novel application of apparatus enables me to dye the yarns
from beams or bobbins instead of in "bundles," and thus considerably
to economise the time and cost of winding the yarns, as the rollers, beams,

page_text: or bobbins of yarns as prepared by the beaming machines are thus placed
in the dressing machines to be dyed, and afterwards passed through the
ordinary dressing and sizing machine as usual, when they are (after being
thus dyed and dressed) wound upon the beam or roller ready for "looming."
This novel operation of dyeing yarns or threads from beams or bobbins pre-
viously to dressing or sizeing is equally applicable to yarns of all descriptions,
whether of cotton, silk, or other fibrous substances, and is not limited or con-
fined to one color only, as by simply dividing the coloring apparatus into
separate compartments and of suitable widths any required varieties of colors
may be employed, and any number or divisions of the yarns or threads may be
similarly dyed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Cooke in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
COOKE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
Her Letters
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henry Cooke, Her especial license that I, the said Henry Cooke, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Cooke, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN DYEING YARNS OR THREADS," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the
said Henry Cooke, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Cooke, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in dyeing yarns or threads in the ordinary dressing
machines, usually called "Kenworthy's tape leg machines," and in the novel
adaptation of such machines to this purpose, by the application or use of dyeing
or coloring troughs or vessels, rollers, and other necessary apparatus for the
performance of such operation previously to the processes of dressing or sizeing
the yarn. This novel application of apparatus enables me to dye the yarns
from "beams" or bobbins instead of in "bundles," and thus considerably to
economise the time and cost of winding the yarns, as the rollers or beams of
yarns as prepared by the beaming machines are thus placed in the dressing
machines to be dyod, and afterwards passed through the ordinary dressing and
sizeing machines, as usual, when they are (after being thus dyed and dressed)
wound upon the beam or roller ready for "looming." This novel operation of
dyeing yarns or threads from beams or bobbins previously to dressing or
sizeing, is equally applicable to yarns of all descriptions, whether of cotton,
silk, or other fibrous substances, and is not limited or confined to one color
only, as by simply dividing the coloring apparatus into separate compartments
and of suitable widths any required varieties of colors may be employed, and
any number of divisions of the yarns or threads may be similarily dyed.
In order that my Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about one inch and a quarter to a foot, and having similar letters of reference
marked upon corresponding parts of the machinery in all the Figures.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the dressing machine, called " Kenworthy's
tape leg," to which my improvements, consisting principally in the dye and
mordant vats, are shewn applied in section, and also illustrating the improved
method of imparting an uniform tension to the yarn, as it increases in diameter
on the yarn beam by means of an adjustable weight upon a lever, by which
the driving band becomes tightened upon the pulleys, in order to prevent it
slipping as the diameter of the yarn beam increases.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the yarn beam, formed of metal, and having
perforations or apertures therein for the purpose of steaming the yarn. In
Fig. 1, a, a, are beams or rollers upon which the yarn to be dyed is placed;
and b, b, are the vats or vessels (shewn in section) containing the mordants
to be employed for preparing the yarn for the dye; c is the vat containing

page_text: the dyeing liquid; and d is a vessel in which is placed a mordant for fixing
the color through which the yarn, &c. has passed; e, e, are heated cylinders
over which the yarn passes before entering the dyeing vessel or vessels
after leaving the dye vessel, and before entering the mordant vat, and again
after leaving such vat; f, f, are the drying cylinders, over and around
which the yarn passes as it proceeds to the yarn beam. As the diameter
of the yarn beam increases, the yarn becomes less firmly wound thereupon;
in order to obviate which, it is necessary gradually to increase the friction
upon the driving pulleys, so as to create a drag upon the yarn beam to
allow of greater tension of the yarn; this is accomplished by, means of the
lever g, at one end of which is placed the pulley or roller bearing upon
the driving band at a convenient point upon the framing; and in con-
nection with the adjustable weight is secured the rack i, in which the
ordinary index wheel k works, so that as the index wheel rotates, the finger
thereupon propels the rack i at certain intervals, which carries the weight
further from the fulcrum of the lever, and consequently exerts pressure on the
band, and increases the drag upon the yarn beam as required. The opera-
tion of the aforesaid machinery will be more easily understood upon reference
to the Drawing, and the following working description thereof. The yarn passes
from the beams or rollers first into one or more vessels containing a mordant pre-
paratory to dyeing, thence over the heated cylinder e into the dye vat c, which
may be divided and contain various colors, according to requirements, then
over the heated cylinder e and into the vessel d, in which is the mordant
employed for fixing the color imparted to the yarn; it then proceeds over the
cylinder e on to and around the larger drying cylinders f, f, and in the usual
manner on to the yarn beam, ready for the subsequent operation of dressing,
sizeing, &c.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, together,
with the manner of performing the same, I would remark, in conclusion,
that I claim,-
First, the novel employment and use of the dyeing or coloring troughs,
rollers, and other necessary apparatus for dyeing, as applied and adapted to the
well-known machinery called "Kenworthy's tape leg," for the purpose of
dyeing yarns in such machine previously to the processes of dressing, sizeing,
and finishing, &c.
Secondly, the application of gradual extra friction to the driving pulleys, by
means of the apparatus described, for the purpose of effecting the more even
and solid winding of the yarns upon the yarn beam.

page_text: Thirdly, in perforating the yarn beam (which is of metal) for the purpose
of applying steam through such perforations to the yarn, as such novel process
after dyeing assist in fixing the color more permanently.
And, lastly, I claim in general arrangement and construction (or any
equivalent combination) of machinery for effecting the above-named purposes
as herein-before described, set forth, and fully exhibited in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Cooke, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
HENRY COOKE. (L.S.)