k-sides
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 8th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 27th Nov., 1897
FREDERICK WESTWOOD 85 Bradford Street Birmingham Manufacturer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My inventions relate to improvements in the construction of various parts of
velocipedes and other vehicles.
First. My improvements in the construction of fork-sides. According to one
method I first form tapered blanks which are corrugated by pressing, drawing,
rolling or otherwise forming, preferably, on each blank one central longitudinal
ridge with one semi circular ridge at each edge; the open sides of these two ridges
facing inwards towards each other and to the inside of the central ridge. Two
such blanks are required for each fork side one blank being slightly smaller than
the other, to allow of its being pushed inside the larger, the two semi circular
The two blanks are then brazed
edges of each blank lying one within the other.
together and the fork thus made may be curved and the end flattened in the usual
way.
This method provides a very strong fork-side especially suitable for tandems,
triplets and motor driven vehicles. In another method of making fork sides I
take a tapered blank and form on each edge a semi-circular channel; the blank
is then turned up and the two grooved edges placed one within the other in such a
way as to leave the grooves within the section of the fork-side and lying centrally
between the ends of the elipse and which when brazed up in the crown are facing
each other, thus greatly strengthening the side rigidity of the forks.
It is then brazed along this groove. To ensure the brass running well between
the two grooved edges I may serrate or perforate the outer grooved edge.
Second. My improvements in Mudguards.
In constructing mudguards out of sheet metal, I take a strip of the required
width and form a curve or longitudinal corrugation along its length by any of the
usual means and turn over cach edge on itself to form small tubes of any suitable
section; the meeting points of the edges and the centre portion is then brazed
or soldered along its length. By this method I get an arched centre with reverse
each side, and completing the bridge by two solid walled tubes said solid walled
tubes supporting firmly the domed centre and reverses. This strip may then be
curved to the required arc and forms a strong and light mudguard which can be
attached to the cycle or other vehicle in the usual ways.
Third, my improvements in frame building. In forming the portion of a cycle
frame known as the "head" I take a suitable length of tubing and form two rings
or collars upon it at points near the ends, either by raising the tube itself at the
required points or by fixing on separate metal rings. The actual ends of the
tubes I force into a ridge or ledge projecting inwards, this ledge being adapted
to receive the bearing ring for the ball race. To connect the "head" to the frame
tubes and to form the retaining sides for the bearing ring, I use lugs, which may
be cast but are preferably formed from sheet metal. The ends of the frame tubes

page_text: are either inserted into, or pushed on to the lugs and brazed thereto, the lug being
also brazed to the "head" liners or bushes may be used either inside the frame
tube or outside, and may be of the form described in patent No. 8347/95.
I also adopt this method at other parts of the frame wherever suitable using
any variation which may be necessary so long as I carry out substantially the
essential features of my invention as herein described.
I may raise or depress supporting rings for the lugs or tubes either on the tubes
or liners or both and may form the supporting surfaces for the ball races, by
either depressed or raised rings in the tube or lugs, the side retaining surface
for the ball race being also formed by a continuation of the tube or lug beyond
the raised or depressed ring or by a projecting section of the tube, lug, or liner.
Fourth. My improvements in. saddle-pillars relate to the use of a ribbed tube
for forming the horizontal part of the pillar, the said rib being utilized in
securing the saddle to the pillar by means of the lug, the lug being adapted to
engage with the ridge and thus prevent the saddle turning round on the tube.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1896.
FREDERICK WESTWOOD.
I, FREDERICK WESTWOOD, 85 Bradford Street, Birmingham, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of various parts of
velocipedes and other vehicles.
The
First. My improvements in the construction of fork-sides. According to one
method I first form tapered blanks which are corrugated by pressing, drawing,
rolling or otherwise forming, preferably, on each blank one central longitudinal
ridge with one semicircular ridge at each edge; the open sides of these two
ridges facing inwards towards each other and to the inside of the central ridge.
Two such blanks are required for each fork side one blank being slightly
smaller than the other, to allow of its being pushed inside the larger the
two semi-circular edges of each blank lying on within the other.
two blanks are then lirazed together and the fork thus made may be
curved and the end flattened in the usual way. This method provides a very
strong fork-side especially suitable for tandems, triplets and motor driven vehicles.
In another method of making fork sides I take a tapered blank and form on each
edge a semi circular channel; the blank is then turned up and the two grooved
edges placed one within the other in such a way as to leave the grooves within the
section of the fork-side and lying centilly between the ends of the clipse and
which when brazed up in the crown are facing each other, thus greatly strengthen-
ing the side rigidity of the forks. It is then brazed along this groove. To
ensure the brass running well between the two grooved edges I may serrate or
perforate the outer grooved edge.
Second. My improvements in mudguards.
In constructing mudguards out of sheet metal, I take a strip of the required
width and form a 'curve or longitudinal corrugation along its length by any of
the usual means and turn over each edge on itself to form small tubes of any
suitable section; the meeting points of the edges and the centre portion is then
brazed or soldered along its length. By this method I get an arched centre with
reverse each side, and completing the bridge by two solid walled tubes, said solid

page_text: This strip may
walled tubes supporting firmly the domed centre and reverses.
then be curved to the required are and forms a strong and light mudguard which
can be attached to the cycle or other vehicle in the usual ways.
Third. My improvements in frame building. In forming the portion of a cycle
frame known as the "head" I take a suitable length of tubing and form two
rings or collars upon it at points near the ends, either by raising the tube itself
at the required points or by fixing on separate metal rings. The actual ends of
the tubes I force into a ridge or ledge projecting inwards, this ledge being
adapted to receive the bearing ring for the ball race.
To connect the "head" to the frame tubes and to form the retaining sides for
the bearing ring, I use lugs which may be cast but are preferably formed from
sheet metal. The ends of the frame tubes are either inserted into, or pushed on
to the lugs and brazed thereto, the lug being also brazed to the "head," liners or
bushes may be used either inside the frame tube or outside, and may be of the
form described in patent No. 8347/95.
I also adopt this method at other parts of the frame wherever suitable using
any variation which may be necessary so long as I carry out substantially the
essential features of my invention as herein described.
I may raise or depress supporting rings for the lugs or tubes either on the
tubes or liners or both and may form the supporting surfaces for
the ball races, by either depressed or raised rings in the tube or lugs,
the side retaining surface for the ball race being also formed by a continuation
of the tube or lug beyond the raised or depressed ring or by a projecting section
of the tube, lug or liner.
Fourth. My improvements in saddle-pillars relate to the use of a ribbed tube
for forming the horizontal part of the pillar, the said rib being utilized in
securing the saddle to the pillar by means of the lug, the lug being adapted to
engage with the ridge and thus prevent the saddle turning round on the tube.
My Invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompany-
ing Drawings and the following description thereof. First:-
Fig. 1 comprises top and bottom section, and part side views of the means of
constructing fork sides hereinbefore described, a & b shew the blanks, corrugated
and placed together, one side being shewn brazed a¹ & b, and the other ready to be
brazed.
Fig. 2 shews same completed, curved, flattened on the lower end and drilled
in the usual way.
Fig. 3 shews the other method hereinbefore described of making fork sides,
the metal blank c is shewn in process, in section, and part elevation, with the
said grooved parts in their proper positions for brazing along the interstice c'.
Fig. 4 shews the outer corrugated edge serrated and Fig. 5 shews same
perforated for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Second. Fig. 6 shews a section of my improved method of constructing mud-
guards, the sheet metal d is shewn corrugated d and each edge turned in d² & d
the point of contact d being shewn brazed and the other point d shewn ready
for that operation.
Third. Fig. 7 Is a part section and side elevation of the "head" of a cycle,
shewing the head tube e with the collars or rings el and e2 formed upon same, the
ridge or ledge e is shewn with the lug f projecting above same for the purpose
herein before described. The tubes & are shewn over the portions of the
lugs f&j which they are intended to fit.
Fig. 8 Is a top view of the lug f with the tube g broken away to shew the
method of placing the one within the other.
Fig. 9 shews the ring e brazed on the tube e instead of being spun thereon as
shewn in Fig. 7.
Fourth. Fig. 10 Gives an elevation of a seat pillar and section on top part
of same constructed by means of my improvements. The top tube & being ribbed
as shewn and ready to be brazed along the interstice k'.

page_text: Fig 11 shews a section of the tubo k brazed with an ordinary saddle clip L fixed
thereon.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
(1) The improved method of constructing fork sides substantially as described
with reference to Fig's. 1 & 2.
(2) The method of constructing a fork side from two blanks so as to give when
brazed up, approximately a triple tubular section, substantially as described
with reference to Fig's. 1 & 2.
(3) The method of constructing fork sides substantially as described with
reference to Fig. 3, 4, & 5.
(4) Making the longitudinal joint. of a fork side, in a form of a groove
adapted to strengthen the fork-side laterally when built up.
(5) The method of constructing mud-guards, substantially as described with
reference to Fig. 6.
(6) Forming a complete tube on the edges of the metal strip making the
mud-guards substantially as described.
(7) The improved method of frame building as hereinbefore described and
illustrated, with reference to Fig's. 7, 8, & 9.
(8.) In frame building forming rings or collars on the tubes either by raising
the tube itself or by fixing on separate metal rings, such rings being adapted to
support the lugs substantially as described with reference to Figs. 7, 8, & 9.
(9) In frame building forming supporting surfaces for the ball races, by de-
pressed or raised rings in the tubes or lugs, or by turning over the ends of the
tubes or lugs and providing side retaining surfaces for such ball races by a con-
tinuation of the tube or lug beyond the base supporting rings substantially as
described with reference to Figs. 7, 8, & 9.
(10) In saddle pillars, forming the horizontal tube with a rib adapted to pre-
vent the saddle lug turning on such tube, substantially as described with refer-
ence to Figs. 10 & 11.
Dated this 7th day of October 1897
FREDERICK WESTWOOD.