IMPROVEMENTS IN SIPHON APPARATUS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIPHON APPARATUS.”
A communication from abroad by Henri Deleuze, of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th March 1878.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SIPHON APPARATUS." (A communication from abroad by Henri
Deleuze, of Paris, France.)
The object of the present Invention is the construction of an automatic siphon
apparatus produced by a suction supply.
This siphon apparatus is composed as usual of a suction pipe, a conducting pipe,
and of running-off pipe. It is distinguished by the addition parallel to the con-
ducting pipe of another pipe, which the Inventor calls the supply pipe, and leads
at one of its ends into the outflow or drawing-off pipe, and is provided at the other
with another pipe which is in communication with the suction pipe.
If the conducting and outflow pipes are filled with liquid by an ordinary siphon
there is produced as the liquid flows out a rarefaction of the air remaining in the
suction tube, which causes the liquid to be decanted to ascend in the latter. If the
quantity of the liquid which flows is sufficient the action of the siphon takes place
without any injurious or fatigucing suction from the mouth, and without the
assistance of any instrument whatever. The object then to be attained is to render
sufficient the capacity of the space reserved for the rarefaction of the air. This
result is obtained by the addition of the superposed or parallel pipe terminating in
its upper end in an aperture to introduce the liquid for causing the siphon to act,
and the opposite end of this pipe is in communication with suction and flow
pipes.

page_text: At the end of the flow pipe there is a small tube which leads to the upper part of
the suction pipe, the highest point of which is fitted with a small tap.
To operate the syphon the suction tube is placed in the vessel from which liquid
is to be taken, the opening in the flow pipe is stopped, and the tap at top of suction
pipe is opened; this done, the siphon is filled with liquid by the aperture in the
superposed or parallel pipe, and the air which is therein escapes by the open
valve; thus the conducting branch and the outflow branch are filled without
anything being able to enter the suction, the upper end of which being situated at
the same level as the lower part of aperture or superposed pipe, the point to which
the liquid comes. The tap is then closed; the aperture in top pipe is also closed or
stopped, and the outflow pipe unstoppered. The three pipes, viz., the outflow and
two top pipes, empty themselves, and become refilled by the air from suction pipe,
which is then rarefied, so that the liquid contained in the vessel rises sufficiently to
enter the siphon, which thus operates.
As a modification the small pipe.connecting the suction tube with the conducting
tube is placed above the suction tube, and the air valve dispensed with. The
stopping of the aperture in the superposed pipe is sufficient in fact to produce and
to maintain the action of the siphon at the same time that the free communication
of the interior of the apparatus with the internal air at the moment when filled for
discharge is naturally produced by the pipe arranged as described.
The form and dimensions of the apparatus may vary as desired, and they may be
made in white metal, copper, or other material, or in glass, pottery, caoutchouc
hardened, and the like, and the apparatus is applicable for use in the drawing-off
wines, spirits, oils, acids, and for liquids generally.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th September 1878.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SIPHON APPARATUS." (A communication from abroad by Henri
Deleuze, of Paris, France.)
.
The object of the present Invention is the construction of an automatic siphon
apparatus produced by a suction supply.
According to one arrrangement the siphon apparatus, as will be seen by reference
to Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings, is composed as usual of a suction pipe A,
a conducting pipe B, and of running-off pipe C. It is distinguished by the
addition parallel to the conducting pipe B of another pipe D, which the Inventor
calls the supply pipe, and it leads at one of its ends into the outflow, or drawing-off
pipe C, and is provided at the other with another pipe K, which places it in com-
munication with the suction pipe A.
If the conducting pipe B and outflow pipe Care filled with liquid by an ordinary
siphon there is produced as the liquid flows out a rarefaction of the air remaining
in the suction tube A which causes the liquid to be decanted to ascend in the
latter. If the quantity of the liquid which flows is sufficient the action of the
siphon takes place without any injurious or fatiguing suction from the mouth, and
without the assistance of any instrument whatever. The object then to be attained
is to render sufficient the capacity of the space reserved for the rarefaction of the
air. This result is obtained by the addition of the superposed or parallel pipe D
terminating in its upper end in an aperture E to introduce the liquid for causing
the siphon to act, and the opposite end F of this pipe D puts it in communication
with the pipes B and C.
At the end G a small tube K is placed which leads to the upper part H of the
tube A, the highest point of which is fitted with a small tap I, Figures 1 and 3.
To operate the siphon the suction tube A is placed in the vessel from which
liquid is to be taken, the opening J in the flow pipe is stopped, and the tap I at top
of suction pipe is opened; this done the siphon is filled with liquid by the aperture
E in the superposed or parallel pipe, and the air which is therein escapes by the
open tap or valve I; thus the conducting branch and the outflow branch are filled
without anything being able to enter the suction A, the upper end H of the con-
ducting pipe B being situated at the same level as the lower part of aperture E, the
point to which the liquid comes. The tap I is then closed; the aperture E in
top pipe is also closed or stopped, and the outflow pipe unstoppered at J.
The three pipes B, C, D, empty themselves and become refilled by the air from
suction pipe A, which is there rarefied, so that the liquid contained in. the vessel
rises sufficiently to enter the siphon which thus operates.
Figure 2 shews a modification of the arrangement just described, where the small
pipe K connecting the suction tube with the conducting tube is placed at the top of
pipe A, so as to dispense with the air valve I. The stopping of the aperture E in
the superposed pipe is sufficient in fact to produce and to maintain the action of
the siphon at the same time that free communication of the interior of the apparatus
with the external air at the moment when filled for discharge is naturally produced
by the pipe arranged as described.
In the arrangement shewn at Figure 3 the two upper siphon tubes are replaced
by an even pipe M, double, triple, or even of larger diameter than that of the two
other siphon branches, and at once replacing the conducting pipe B and supply
pipe D.
This excessively simple arrangement admits of the automatic action
of the siphon even when the liquid to be drawn off is very low in the vessel,
which is thus enabled to be completely emptied. The small tap I is used
as before, which thereby facilitates the refilling by the evacuation of the air, and at

page_text: the same time augments by one suction action formerly made by the mouth the
power of raising the liquid. The action of this arrangement of apparatus is similar
to the preceding, that is, the orifice J being closed by a stopper or tap, the branch
C is first filled and the conducting pipe M in order to operate the siphon by
introducing liquid through the upper orifice E, and keeping open the tap I; then the
orifice E and tap I are closed, and by opening the exit orifice J the drawing-off
immediately comes into operation.
Apparatus constructed according to this Invention may be of varied form and
sizes, and they may be made in white metal, copper, or other metal, or of glass,
earthenware, hardened caoutchouc, or other suitable material, and they are
applicable to the decanting of wines, spirits, oils, acids, and other liquids.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, the addition to or combination with
an ordinary siphon of, a supply pipe for containing a suitable quantity of liquids,
which by its flow increases the rarefaction of the air contained in the suction branch
of the siphon, and thus allows the liquid to be drawn off; the arrival of the
rarefied air taking place in the supply pipe by a communication at the top of the
suction pipe, all substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.