Improvements in Anchors.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th July, 1889-Accepted, 24th Aug., 18:9
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Anchors.
We HENRY PERSHOUSE PARKES of Tipton Green Chain and Anchor Works
Tipton in the County of Stafford Chain and Anchor Manufacturer and JOHN HARTNESS
of East Boldon near Newcastle-on-Tyne Engineer do hereby declare the nature of
this Invention to be as follows :-
:-
Our invention has reference to such anchors as have four arms namely the two
principal arms carrying the flukes or palms and two other auxiliary or tripping arms
situated at the middle of the head of the anchor and in the same plane as the shank.
The said auxiliary or tripping arms are so formed that besides acting as tripping
arms they also act as stops for limiting the angle which the principal arms can make
with the shank as hereinafter explained.
The head of the anchor and the four arms can be made in one piece thereby
simplifying and economising the manufacture. The shank is jointed to the head
of the anchor by its end being introduced between two knuckles formed on the
inner side of the head a pivot being passed through holes on the said knuckles and
shank and fixed in the said knuckles by riveting or otherwise. The auxiliary or
tripping arms are situated on the head of the anchor nearly at right angles thereto
and the end of each of the said tripping arins is expanded into two short branches
making an obtuse angle with each other. The double ends of the tripping arms give
great certainty to the action of the anchor when strain is put on the shank.
The inner end of each tripping arm acts as a stop by coming against the shank and
preventing further motion when the arms have attained the angle at which it is desired
to limit their motion.
As the position of the auxiliary or tripping arms throws the centre of gravity of
the principal arms and head (with which they are formed in one piece) more distant
from the shackle end of the shank than is desirable wo counteract this by loading the
flukes with supplementary pieces or by making them thicker than usual thereby
bringing the centre of gravity near the shackle end of the shank and giving greater
certainty to the tripping action of the anchor.
בד
1000
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Anchors.
We HENRY PERSHOUSE PARKES of Tipton Green Chain and Anchor Works Tipton
in the County of Stafford Chain and Anchor Manufacturer and JOHN HARTNESS of
East Boldon near Newcastle on Tyne Engineer do hereby declare the nature of our.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention has reference to such anchors as have four arms namely the two
principal arms carrying the flukes or palms and two other auxiliary or tripping arms
situated at the middle of the head of the anchor and in the same plane as the shank.
The said auxiliary or tripping arms are so formed that besides acting as tripping arms
they also act as stops for limiting the angle which the principal arms can make with
the shank as hereinafter explained.
The head of the anchor and the four arms can be made in one piece thereby
simplifying and economizing the manufacture. The shank is jointed to the head of
the anchor by its end being introduced between two knuckles formed on the inner

page_text: side of the head a pivot being passed through boles in the said knuckles and shank
and fixed in the said knuckles by riveting or otherwise. The auxiliary or tripping
arms are situated on the head of the anchor nearly at right angles thereto and the end
of each of the said tripping arms is expanded into two short branches making an
obtuse angle with each other. The double ends of the tripping arms give great
certainty to the action of the anchor when strain is put on the shank.
The inner end of each tripping arm acts as a stop by coming against the shank and
preventing further motion when the arms have attained the angle at which it is
desired to limit their motion.
As the position of the auxiliary or tripping arms throws the centre of gravity of
the principal arms and head (with which they are formed in one piece) more distant
from the shackle end of the shank than is desirable we counteract this by loading the
flukes with supplementary pieces or by making them thicker than usual thereby bringing
the centre of gravity nearer the shackle end of the shank and giving greater certainty
to the tripping action of the anchor.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in perspective; Figure 2 in
plan and Figure 3 in side elevation a four armed stockless anchor constructed
according to our invention; Figure 4 represents a side elevation of the anchor tripped
and in action Figure 5 represents in front elevation and Figure 6 in side elevation
an anchor of the same construction as that represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 but
with modified tripping arms.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawing.
a is the head of the anchor; bb are the principal or holding arms carrying the
flukes or palms c c and d d are the auxiliary or tripping arms the said auxiliary arms
being situated at the middle of the head a and in the same plane as the shank as seen
in Figures 1 and 2; e is the shank and fis the shackle of the same. The said principal
arms b, b and auxiliary arms d, d are made in one piece with the head a the shank e
being pivoted at g to the middle and inner side of the head a by means of the eye end
of the said shank being engaged between the perforated knuckles or eyes h h on the
said head. Or a single perforated knuckle or eye may be made on the head a and
the end of the shank e be forked and jointed to the single knuckle or eye. We do not
however limit ourselves to any particular way of jointing the shank to the anchor
head carrying the principal and auxiliary arms. It will be seen that the auxiliary or
tripping arms d d are situated on the head a of the anchor nearly at right angles
thereto and the end of each of the auxiliary arms has either a single branch as
represented in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 or is expanded into two short branches as repre-
sented in Figures 5 and 6 the branches of the expanded end of the modified auxiliary
arm making an obtuse angle with each other. The double ends of the auxiliary or
tripping arms represented in Figures 5 and 6 give great certainty to the action of the
anchor when strain is put on the shank.
The inner end of each tripping arm d acts as a stop by coming against the shank e
and preventing further motion as represented in Figures 4 and 6 when the principal
arms have attained the angle at which it is desired to limit their motion.
Each tripping arm d is or may be provided with a second stop near the joint end
of the said armi so that when the arm is in its tripping position Figure 4 it bears
against the shank at two points and the inner end of the shank may project beyond the
joint g the said projecting end working in a recess in and bearing against a back stop
in or on the anchor head a.
The addition of the auxiliary or tripping arms d d to the cross head a of the anchor
throws the centre of gravity of the mass a b c d more distant from the shackle end fof
the anchor than it would otherwise be and we counteract the effect of the tripping
arms d d by loading the flukes c c of the principal arms bb or making the said flukes
heavier than usual so as to bring the centre of gravity of the mass a b c d nearer to
the shackle end of the anchor than the axis of the pin g and thereby ensure the flukes
and principal arms taking their tripping position.
When the anchor is cast or dropped and reaches the anchoring ground the weighted

page_text: or overbalanced flukes cc of the principal arms bb cause the said principal arms to
turn on the centre g and their flukes c c to descend. As the lower tripping arm d
penetrates the ground the principal arms 6 6 and their head turn upon it as a fulcrum
and the further motion of the said head causes the flukes of the principal arms to bite
or penetrate the ground as illustrated in Figure 4 the upper tripping arm d acting as
a stop by coming against the shanke and preventing the further motion of the
principal arms. The tripping of the principal or holding arms of the anchor is thus
effected with certainty.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim as
our invention of "Improvements in anchors":-
First Making.the two principal or holding arms and the two auxiliary or tripping
arms of a four armed anchor in one piece with the head of the anchor the said
arms and head being secured to the shank by being pivoted thereto on the inner
side of the head and provided with stops substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly Loading the flukes or palms of the principal or holding arms of a four
armed anchor constructed as claimed in the preceding claim so as to bring the centre
of gravity of the mass that is the head of the anchor and the four arms nearer to the
shackle end of the shank than the axis of the pivot on which the arms and head
turn for the purpose and substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawing.
Dated the Nineteenth day of June 1889
HENRY PERSHOUSE PARKES.
JOHN HARTNESS.