Year: 1885

page_text: and Fanning Biscuits,
We JOHN VICARS the Elder, THOMAS VICARS and JOHN VICARS the Younger,
all of 29 Seel Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:
The objects are (a) to simplify the apparatus for giving motion to the rollers,
(b) to equalize the action of the rollers on the dough, and (c) to simplify the
construction of the driving gear for giving motion to the chains or their equivalents
carrying the pans.
The first part relates to machines in which the rollers are actuated through a
ratchet wheel by means of three or more pawls or their equivalents receiving motion
from an adjustable crank pin, and consists in actuating two of the said pawls or their
equivalents by connecting rods direct, and the additional pawl or pawls by means
of a lever coupled to the said crank pin, and to the pawls by connecting rods.
The second part consists in making the lower parts of the bearings of the upper
roller movable, and in sustaining the weight of the said upper rollers, and
maintaining their axles in contact with the upper parts of the bearings by means
of springs or weights acting on the lower parts of the bearings above mentioned.
The third part consists in securing on the driving shaft of the chains or their
equivalents carrying the pans a ratchet wheel or its equivalent for giving regular
motion to the said shaft, and for giving accelerated motion thereto in fitting loosely
on the said shaft a second ratchet wheel having internal teeth which gear with a
pinion on a stud attached to an adjustable carrier the pinion in its turn gearing
with a second pinion secured to the shaft above mentioned. The adjustable carrier
is preferably held in position by a worm.
Under a further modification we employ in combination four wheels geared
together and connected and adjusted in position by links. Two of the said wheels
are ratchet wheels, one of which is secured on the driving shaft above mentioned,
whilst the other is free to revolve on a stud. The adjustment of the links is
advantageously effected by rack and worm gear.
J. T. KING,
Per J. Richman,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: improvements in and Applicable to Machines for Rolling Dough
and Panning Biscuits.
We, JOHN VICARS the Elder, THOMAS VICARS and JOHN VICARS the Younger
all of 29 Seel Street Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, Engineers do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The objects are (a) To simplify the apparatus for giving motion to the rollers
(b) to equalize the action of the rollers on the dough and (c) to simplify the
construction of the driving gear for giving motion to the chains or their equivalents
carrying the pans.
The First part relates to machines, in which the rollers are actuated through a
ratchet wheel by means of three or more pawls or their equivalents, receiving
motion from an adjustable crank pin, and consists in actuating two of the said
pawls or their equivalents by connecting rods direct, and the additional pawl or
pawls by means of a lever coupled to the said crank pin and to the pawls by
connecting rods.
The Second part consists in making the lower parts of the bearings of the upper
roller, movable and in sustaining the weight of the said upper rollers and maintaining
their axles in contact with the upper parts of the bearings by means of springs or
weights acting on the lower parts of the bearings above mentioned.
The Third part, consists, in securing on the driving shaft for the chains or their
equivalents, carrying the pans a ratchet wheel or its equivalent, for giving regular
motion to the said shaft and for giving accelerated motion thereto; in fitting
loosely on the said shaft a second ratchet wheel having internal teeth which gears'
with a pinion on a stud attached attached to an adjustable carrier, the pinion on its
turn gearing with a second pinion, secured to the shaft above mentioned.-The
adjustable carrier is preferably held in position by a worm.
Under a further modification we employ in combination four wheels geared
together and connected and adjusted in position by links. Two of the said wheels,
are ratchet wheels, one of which is secured on the driving shaft above mentioned,
whilst the other is free to revolve on a stud. The adjustment of the links is
advantageousley effected by rack and worm gear.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an elevation; Figure 2, is a plan of a machine for rolling, dough, and
panning biscuits, fitted with our improvements.
First part 1. frame of machine, 2. dough rollers. 3. ratched wheel, secured on
the axle 4. of the lower dough roller. 5. 6. 7 pawls carried by arms 8. 9. 10.
pivotted on the axle 4 The arms 8 and 9. carrying the pawls 5. 6 are coupled
direct to the adjustable crank pin 11. by connecting rods, 12, 13 and the arm 10.
carrying the pawl. 7. is coupled to the said crank pin 11 through the connecting
rod 14. rocking lever, 15. and connecting rod, 16. The crank pin 11. is carried in
F
7

page_text: slides in a block, 17. Attached to the one end of the main driving shaft 18. and is
secured in position by a jam nut or equivalent device.
The action of this part of the apparatus is as follows The crank pin is adjusted
and secured in the slides in the block 17 and the necessary distance from the centre
of the shaft 18 to give such amount of motion to the pawls 5: 6. and 7 as will
insure the dough rollers travelling at the requisite speed. It will be seen that
owing to the angular positions of the connecting rods 8 and 9 and the intervention
of the lever 15. the pawls act consecutively on the ratchet wheel 3 and give
approximately uniformly continuous motion thereto. The effect being superior and
the number of parts fewer than has hitherto been the case when ratchet driving
gear has been used in these machines.
'
Second part The lower parts 19 of the bearings of the upper dough roller 2 are
free to slide in guides 20. 21 are bolts which pass through the upper parts 22 of
the bearings and are attached to the lower parts 19 and the cap 23. The upper
parts 22 are free to slide in the guides 20 24 springs interposed between the cap 23
and upper parts 22 of the bearings, 25 screw raising and lowering gear of usual
construction attached to the upper parts 22 of the bearings.
When in use the upper parts of the bearings are raised the required height by
the screw gear and carry with them by means of the springs 24 and their
connections, the lower parts 19 of the bearings and upper dough roller 2 The
springs 24 being of sufficient strength to sustain the weight of the said roller. It
will be obvious that weights might be substituted for springs and that the connec
tion between the lower parts of the bearings and springs or weights might be
varied.
The third part is illustrated in detail in Fig. 3, 26 driving shaft for the chains 27
carrying the pans. 28 ratchet wheel attached to shaft 26. 29 ratchet wheel
fitting lossely on shaft 26, and provided with internal teeth 30 31 pinion on stud 32
carried by arm 33 fitting loosely on shaft 26 and formed with a quadrant 34 having
teeth which take into the worm 35 operated by a hand wheel from. any convenient
position. The pinion 31 is in gear with a pinion 36 secured to the shaft 26 The
ratchet wheel 28 is made with a considerable number of right handed teeth whilst
the ratchet wheel 29 has four or any other suitable number of left handed
teeth. 37 arm fitting loosely on the shaft 26 and carrying pawls for giving motion
to the ratchet wheels 28, 29 38 rod for giving motion to the arm 37 The rod 38
is driven from any convenient moving part and the length of the stroke is adjusted
in any suitable manner.
The action is as follows:-the ratchet wheel 28 receives uniform intermittent
motion, by means of its actuating pawl and causes the chains carrying the pans to
have a regular step by step forward motion. At the required times the ratchet
wheel 29 receives motion from its pawl and acting by means of its internal teeth
on the pinion, 31 gives to the pinion 36 and thereby the shaft 26 and chains 27
additional forward motion. The amount of the uniform step by step motion is
regulated by adjusting the extent of motion of the arm 37. and the extent and
time of action of the ratchet wheel 29 is. regulated by altering the motion of the
arm 33 and pinion 31 by means of the worm 35 and quadrant 34.
In the above manner the correct motions for panning any size of biscuits are
obtained.
A further improvement under this part of our invention is illustrated in fig. 4
here the shaft 26 has secured to it a ratchet wheel 28 and behind that a spur
wheel 39 or the wheel 39 may be cast with the ratchet wheel 28. On an arm 33
fitting loosely on the shaft 26 is a pinion 31 carried by a stud 32. The arm 33 is
provided with a .quadrant 34 having teeth which take into a worm 35 as set forth
under figure 3. 29 is a second ratchet wheel carried by a stud 40 and having four
or any other suitable number of left hand teeth, 41 is a spur wheel secured to or
formed with the ratchet wheel 29 and 42, 31 are spur wheels connected by links 44
and geared together and with the wheels 39 and 41. 37 arm on the shaft 26 and
carrying the pawl for giving motion to the ratchet wheel 28. 45 arm fitting loosely

page_text: on the stud 40 and carrying the pawl for giving motion to the ratchet wheel 29,
38 rod giving motion to the arms 37 and 45.
The action is as follows:-The ratchet wheel 28 receives uniform step by step
motion whilst the ratchet wheel 29 receives motion at stated intervals and imparts
that motion through the spur wheels 41, 42, 31, & 39 to the ratchet' wheel 28. It
will be obvious that various means of adjusting the arms 33 in figures 3 and 4
may be used instead of the quadrant and worm.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
First. In machines for rolling dough, the combination with the driving axle 4. of
one of the rollers, of the ratchet wheel 3. pawls 5. 6. 7. arms 8. 9. 10. connecting
rods 12. 13. 14. 16. rocking lever 15. and adjustible crank pin 11. substantially as
Bet forth.
Second. In machines for rolling dough, carrying the lower parts of the bearings
of the upper roller by means of springs or weights connected to the upper parts of
the said bearings substantially as set forth.
Third. In machines for panning biscuits, the combination with the driving
shaft 26 of ratchets 28. 29. pinion 31. adjustable arm 33. pinion 36. arm and
pawls 37. and rod 38. substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. In machines for panning biscuits, the combination of the shaft 26. with
the ratchets 28. 29. adjustable arm 33. spur wheels 39. 41. 42. and 31, links 44.
arms and pawls 38 & 45 and rod 38. substantially in the manner and for the
purpose set forth.
Fifth. In machines for rolling dough and panning biscuits the combination of
two or more of the several improvements herein set forth.