IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING BOLTS SCREWS AND SPIKES RIVETTS AND OTHER FORMS "
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Horsfall of Camp Road Mills, Leeds in the
County of York for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
FORGING BOLTS SCREWS AND SPIKES RIVETTS AND OTHER FORMS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Horsfall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December 1883.
WILLIAM HORSFALL of Camp Road Mills, Leeds in the County of York
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING BOLTS, SCREWS, AND SPIKES, RIVETTS
AND OTHER FORMS
"
My improvements have reference partly to my invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to me on the 5th October 1869 N° 2882, and consist in
arrangements for facilitating the manufacture of bolts spikes screws rivetts and
other forms at the same time the forging operation is more perfectly effected. In
carrying out this invention I employ a framework of a similar character to that
used in the above mentioned Invention patented as aforesaid, and on it I provide.
a double slide in connection with a pair of gripping dies, such gripping dies being
for the purpose of holding the hot iron securely whilst being operated upon.
While the head is being pressed up the outer slide is operated by two springs.
This slide is held back by a pawl which may be thrown out of gear therewith by
a treadle or other convenient arrangement releasing the slide. When such slide
has been released the springs force forward the end thereof which carries a tool or
box to hold the necessary quantity of iron to form the head of the bolt; the neck
of the bolt being provided for in the gripping dies.
The inner or second slide carries at its end a plunger somewhat less in size than
the finished head. This is forced forward by a cam on the main driving shaft.
When such slide is pressed forward the required distance from the head and neck
the pawl drops into the groove on the inner or second slide the whole is drawn
back by a strong spring or lever arranged for that purpose.
On the above mentioned driving shaft is provided a cam for operating the
gripping dies. The above is the first operation performed by the machine on the
hot iron.

page_text: The next operation is that of placing the already formed head between the dies
of a hammer to finish the square part of the neck and afterwards from the hammer
to a second pair of gripping dies for receiving a further pressure to finish the head.
The slide used for this purpose is operated by a cam or eccentric on the driving shaft
and the tool or box is countersunk the shape of the head. The head may then be
.placed in the dies of the hammer and finished.
The hammer is of the "helve" type and is operated by a rocking shaft and
vibrating arm, and in order to increase or reduce the force of the blow upon the
metal I provide an adjustable sleeve on the vibrating arm. The position of the
sleeve on the vibrating arm may be varied by the attendant at pleasure.
Further I provide an atmospheric cylinder between the "helve" and the vibrating
arm in any convenient position for cushioning the blow, and in order that various
thicknesses of metal may be operated upon.
Motion is imparted to the above machine in a similar manner to that described
in the Specification of my former Patent and may be started by a treadle
arrangement. The hammer also may be started by another treadle.
After the bolt or other form has been completed it may be cut to length by
shears connected with the machine, such shears being operated by the slide that
closes the gripping dies

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Horsfall in the Patent Office on the 12th June 1884.
WILLIAM HORSFALL of Camp Road Mills, Leeds, in the County of York
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FORGING BOLTS, SCREWS, AND SPIKES,
RIVETTS AND OTHER FORMS
"
My improvements have reference partly to my invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to me on the 5th October 1869 N° 2882 and consists in
arrangements for facilitating the manufacture of bolts, spikes, screws, rivetts and
other forms at the same time the forging operation is more perfectly effected. In
carrying out this invention I employ a framework of a similar character to that
used in the above mentioned invention patented as aforesaid and on it I provide a
double-slide in connection with a pair of gripping dies, such gripping dies being
for the purpose of holding the hot iron securely whilst being operated upon.
While the head is being pressed up the outer slide is operated by two springs.
This slide is held back by a pawl which may be thrown out of gear there with by a
treadle or other convenient arrangement releasing the slide. When such slide has
been released the springs force forward the end thereof which carries a tool or box
to hold the necessary quantity of iron to form the head of the bolt; the neck of
the bolt being provided for in the gripping dies.
.
The inner or second slide carries at its end a plunger somewhat less in size than
the finished head. This is forced forward by a cam on the main driving shaft.
When such slide is pressed forward the required distance from the head and neck
the pawl drops into the groove on the inner or second slide the whole is drawn
back by a strong spring or lever arranged for that purpose. On the above
mentioned driving shaft is provided a cam for operating the gripping dies. The
above is the first operation performed by the machine on the hot iron.
The next operation is that of placing the already formed head between the dies
of a harumer to finish the square part of the neck and afterwards from the hammer
to a second pair of gripping dies for receiving a further pressure to finish the head.
The slide used for this purpose is operated by a cam or eccentric on the driving
shaft and the tool or box is countersunk the shape of the head. The head may
then he placed in the dies of the hammer and finished.
The hammer is of the "helve" type and is operated by a rocking shaft and
vibrating arın, and in order to increase or reduce the force of the blow upon the
metal I provide an adjustable sleeve on the vibrating arm. The position of the
sleeve on the vibrating arm may be varied by the attendant at pleasure.
Further I provide an atmospheric cylinder between the "helve" and the
vibrating arm in any convenient position for cushioning the blow, and in order that
various thicknesses of metal may be operated upon.
Motion is imparted to the above machine in a similar manner to that described
in the Specification of my former patent and may be started by a treadle
arrangement. The hammer also may be started by another treadle.
After the bolt or other form has been completed it may be cut to length by
shears connected with the machine, such shears being operated by the slide that
closes the gripping dies.
And in order that my invention may be more completely understood reference is
given to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
-

page_text: Fig 1. Fig 5 is a front elevation of the machine constructed in accordance with
my improvements.
a is the frame which may be of cast iron or other suitable material and of a
construction suitable to receive and accommodate the working parts of the machine.
b is a cam shaft which is adapted to rotate in suitable bearings, and on which are 5
four cams c, C1, C2, C, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described, upon this
shaft bis to be placed a gear wheel running loose on the shaft and a clutch
connection which may be thrown in by a treadle so as to lock the wheel to the
shaft and rotate the said shaft; I have not here shown said driving wheel and
clutch connection as they are commonly used in machines of this class and well
understood.
d, d, are gripping dies which are arranged in the frame a and adjacent to them
is a push piece or lever e which is pivoted or fulcrumed at f and which is acted
upon by a plunger or slide bar g having an incline face as shewn at g₁. When
the cam shaft b rotates the cam c moves the plunger or slide bar g and causes it by 1
acting on the push piece or lever e to close the gripping dies d, d, and to grasp
between them the heated bar h from which a bolt is to be formed.
In the frame a is a recess or depression which receives the bar h. k is a slide
bar which is moved in one direction by the cam c¹ and in the other direction by
a spring arranged as shewn in Figure 3, and outside this bar is a second slide 2
bar m which is impelled towards the gripping dies d d by means of springs n acting
upon projections on its opposite sides. The outer slide bar m carries a pawl o
which may engage with a rack p on the inner slide bar k as shewn in Fig 3; the
spring is of a strength sufficient to overcome the spring n and consequently when
the cam c¹ recedes in its rotation from the end of the slide bar k and the pawl o is 2
in engagement with the rack p the slide bar k in its backward movement will
carry with it the second or out-side bar m, the rod g on which the pawl o is fixed is
to be so connected with the above mentioned treadle that when the driving wheel
is locked to the shaft b the pawl will be raised out of the rack p.
In the inner end of the slide bar k is secured by set screws r. r. a plunger 8 and
in the corresponding end of the outside slide bar m is secured by a set screw r, a
hollow or box like tool t of a size to hold sufficient iron to form the head of the
bolt which will be referred to hereafter by the letter valthough it is not completed
by the tool t.
At the side of the gripping dies d d adjacent thereto, the tool t is recessed out so
as to receive sufficient iron to form the square neck.
The operation of these parts is as follows:-
When the bar h is introduced between the gripping dies d d the slide bars k
and m and tools & and t are in their rearmost position and the bar h is thrust
between the dies d, d until its end strikes the front end of the plunger the latter
being thus made to form a gauge to bar h.
After having introduced the bar h the proper distance the operator depresses the
treadle above described and then locks the driving wheel to the cam shaft b and
at the same time raises the pawl o out of the rack p. By the turning of the cams
c. c₁, the slide bar g is forced forward to close the gripping dies d d. and the slide
bar le forced forward to bring the plunger 8 against the bar h. As soon as the
pawl o is raised and before the plunger s can act, the springs n have forced the
outside slide barn forward, so that the hollow or boxlike tool t surrounds the heated
end portion of the bar h which projects beyond the gripping dies d d, as the slide
bar k moves forward the plunger s acting on the end of the bar h upsets or forces
up the hot iron and fills the gripping dies d d and the tool t thus forming enlarge-
ments on the bar h of sufficient size to make the head and neck of the bolt. The
operator having taken his foot off the treadle the pawls o drops into the rack p and
as the cams c, c₁, recede the spring 7 moves back the slide bar k, at the same time
a spring acting on the lower end or tail of the push piece e opens the gripping
dies d d and the bar is withdrawn.

page_text: is a helve hammer fulcrumed at w and operated by a vibrating shaft
shewn in Fig 2; on the said shaft is an arm y to which is connected an eccentric,
and said eccentric is on a shaft z which has a constant rotary motion.
1 is an air cushion cylinder which is connected by a sleeve or slide 2 with an
arm 3 projecting from the shaft c. The piston of this cylinder is connected by a
rod 4 with the helve of the hammer u..
This cushion cylinder 1 prevents any shock to the shaft x from the hammer and
is of well known construction
.
The length and weight of the stroke of the hammer may be varied by shifting
the sleeve or slide 2 on along the arm 3; this may be done by means of. a treadle
and weight or in any other suitable manner.
By means of the hammer dies 5 and 6 the neck of the bolt is squared and
finished.
7. 7 is a second pair of gripping dies which are closed by means of a push piece
or lever 8 fulcrumed at 9 as best shewn in Fig 5 and having a spring 10 for opening
the gripping dies connected with its lower end.
The bar h is held by the gripping dies 7. 7. grasping its square neck, the dies
being closed by means of the slide bar 11 actuated by the cam c³ and at the same
time the slide bar 12 is advanced by the cam c. The slide bar 12 has secured in
its end by a set screw a tool or block 13 sunken or recessed to the desired shape
and size of the finished head and this tool properly shapes the head from the
upset or forced up metal at the end of the bar h as best shewn in Fig 4. The
slide bar 12 is moved backwards by a spring 14 shewn in Fig 4 and on the gripping
dies 77 being opened the bar h is removed and the head is placed under the
hammer u to smooth it and to remove the tool marks.
•
15 is a vibrating arm fulcrumed at 16 and carrying at the upper end a shear
blade 17 which act in conjunction with a fixed blade 18 to cut off from the bar h
the finished bolt of the desired length.
The slide bar 11 actuates the vibrating arm 15 in its shearing operation as
shewn in Fig 1, and 19 Fig 5 is a spring whereby the arm is retained after
shearing.
In the frame a is a gauge which provides for placing the bar between the
shear blades and after the bolt is cut off the bar is heated before forging another
bolt.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and shewn by drawings
how the same may be carried into practice I would have it understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details or configuration of the parts I have described
and shewn as the same may be varied or modified without departing from the
nature of my said Invention; what I do claim is :-
1st In a machine for forging bolts either horizontal, vertical or otherwise,
the combination with gripping dies between which the bar is grasped, of a
hollow or box-like tool which is to be advanced over the projecting end portion
of said bar, and a plunger working through said hollow tool for upsetting
or forcing up the iron to fill the same substantially as herein-described.
2nd In a machine for forging bolts either horizontal, vertical, or otherwise,
the combination with gripping dies recessed to receive sufficient iron for the
neck of a bolt of a hollow box like tool which is to be advanced over the
projecting end portion of the heated bar and a plunger working through said
hollow tool, for upsetting or forcing up the iron to fill the recesses of the
gripping dies and said hollow tool substantially as herein-described.
3rd In a machine for forging bolts, either horizontal vertical or otherwise,
the combination of the gripping dies d d the slide bars k and m provided
respectively with the rack p and pawl o and with the plungers and the hollow
box-like tool the cam cand the springs land n, substantially as herein
described

page_text: 4th In a machine for forging bolts either horizontal, vertical, or otherwise
the combination with gripping dies recessed to receive sufficient iron for the
neck of the bolt, of a hollow box-like tool to be advanced over the end portion
of the heated bar a plunger working through the hollow tool to fill the recesses
of the gripping dies and said hollow tool, and devices for subsequently squaring
the neck of the bolt and completing the formation of the head substantially
as herein described.
In Witness whereof I, the said William Horsfall have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty seventh day of May in the year of Our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty four.