IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING OR PULVERIZING LIME, CEMENT OR OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co Southampton
Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING OR PULVERIZING LIME, CEMENT
OR OTHER MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
My invention relates to machines for breaking, crushing or pulverizing by .a
progressive action all kind of materials and more particularly cements, lime-stones,
plaster or the like.
The improved machine is characterized by the fact that the pulverizing or
crushing is effected by the combined action of a revolving drum or cylinder upon
which a second cylinder or roller is revolved, and to which reciprocating motion is
imparted in the generating line or the axis of the first cylinder or table...
As will be seen, the pressure between the two cylinders is, by reason of the
arrangement of the machine, variable and progressive. In order to enable the said.
invention to be better understood, I have represented, in the accompanying
drawings, by way of example only, different arrangements of the said machine."
Figure 1 shows a side elevation, partly in section, of the one type of the improved
crushing or pulverizing machine..
Figure 2 represents the same in longitudinal section taken through the axis.
Figure 3 shows a plan or top view partly in section of the two cylinders of the
machine.
The machine has a drum or cylinder A (of cast-iron, steel or other material,
according to requirements) supported by pedestals and capable of rotating at a
suitable velocity according to the substance to be crushed. Upon this cylinder
turns a second cylinder or roller C of suitable shape for the progressive crushing.
This roller C is held by a rocking beam articulated at the point M and receives a
reciprocating motion by the medium of a connecting rod actuated by a crank S or
other suitable means.
Figure 2 shows the connecting rod in dotted lines and the path of the crank-pin
in full lines. The bearings G for the shafts of the roller C are provided with
springs K (Figure 1) which are compressed by bolts B so as to allow the pressure
to be augmented at will. The feeding of the material to be crushed is effected by
the strainer H. from which the material is drawn by the rotation of the cylinder A
or by other means suited for this purpose.
In order to give an example of the action of the machine let it be assumed that
cements are to be crushed.

page_text: In this case & circumferential velocity of from 1 to 6 centimeters per second is
imparted to the cylinder A. (according to the hardness of the cement or the degree
of fineness required) This cylinder carries the material along under the action of
-the crushing-roller, the latter receiving a velocity of from 2 to 4 meters or more
per second. This roller, by reason of its shape, commences to crush the material
and reduces it more and more as it passes between the rollers the crushing being
effected by pressure and by twisting or rubbing; if the material has a tendency to
escape in front of the roller, fixed or movable scrapers may be placed at each end
of the cylinder in such a manner as to bring the said material back under the
action of the roller. In proportion as the crushing proceeds, the material falls and
passes to bolters and, if necessary, the crushed pieces are passed again through
the machine as before, in order to be crushed or pulverized to a finer degree, or
they may be crushed separately in a second machine. In cases where it is intended
to simply break the material (as in the case of iron-ore, coals, phosphates of calcium
or the like) and to reduce it, to a definite size, the roller might be made to revolve
upon a rail J parallel with the cylinder, thus leaving the requisite play between
the roller C and the cylinder A.
It will be readily understood that, according to the nature of the material to be
treated and the conditions under which the operation is performed the arrangement
of the machine just described can be considerably modified..
For example various modifications may be made in the shape, the mounting and
the details of the said machine. I can if desired combine a number of cylinders
and crushing rollers, appropriating for the service of each cylinder one or more
rollers. I can also in certain cases replace the rollers by segments or sectors to
which reciprocating motion is communicated and having any proper shape for the
introduction of the material and its progressive crushing.
I may replace the rocking beam above described by any suitable system of fixed
or adjustable counterweights or counteracting or buffer springs or other parts
employed for applying the roller C to the cylinder A..
Figures 4, 5 and 6 show an arrangement of apparatus which I consider perfect
as regards the simplicity of construction and the rapidity with which it may be
mounted...
Figure 4 represents this arrangement of crushing or pulverizing machine in
transverse vertical section.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same and Figure 6 is a plan.
In these figures a indicates a cone or crushing roller, provided with teeth at the
front portion to form jaws. The shaft i of this cone is carried by guide rollers b b¹
acting on rails g g¹ which are made movable or fixed according to the degree of
adhesion it is proposed to give to the cone a on the roller k. The carriage c which
is carried by the rolls bb' receives the rod d which exerts pressure by the action
of the springs e (which may be of any form). The place in which the trituration
or crushing is carried out is separated from the acting parts, which must be greased,
by means of a casing f of sheet-iron which protects them against the dust.
Figure 5 represents clearly the mode of attachment which I prefer to employ for
fastening the rod d. This fastening is effected by means of a forked bar held at
a fixed point m. The two arms of this forked bar carry springs c which are
supported on the cross-barn to which the said rod is attached.
any other means for applying pressure and either adjustable or not.
The reciprocating motion of the cone or roller a is imparted to it by means of ăn
may employ
. excentrio or crank o by means of a forked connecting rod p fitting on the pin g of
the carriage c.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake and Co, Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CRUSHING OR PULVERIZING
LIME, CEMENT, OR OTHER MATERIALS" and in what manner the same is to be.
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to machines for breaking crushing or pulverizing by a
progressive action various kinds of materials and more particularly cement, liine-
stone plaster or the like.
The improved machine is characterized by the fact that the pulverizing or
crushing is effected by the combined action of a revolving drum or cylinder upon
which a second cylinder.or roller is revolved, and to which reciprocating motion is
imparted in the generating line or the axis of the first cylinder.
As will be seen, the pressure between the two cylinders is, by reason of the
arrangement of the machine, variable and progressive.
In order to enable the said invention to be better understood, I have represented,
in the accompanying drawings, by way of example only, different arrangements of
the said machine.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation, partly in section, of the improved crushing or
pulverizing machine.
Figure 2 represents the same in longitudinal section taken through the axis.
Figure 3 shows a plan or top view, partly in section, of the two cylinders of the
machine.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 are views hereinafter described.
The machine has a drum or cylinder A (of cast-iron, steel or other material,
according to requirements) supported by pedestals and capable of being rotated at
a suitable velocity according to the substance to be crushed. Upon this cylinder
turns a second cylinder or roller C of suitable shape for the progressive crushing.
This roller C is held by a rocking beam articulated at the shaft M, and receives a
reciprocating motion through the medium of a connecting rod actuated by a crank S
or other suitable means.
Figure 2 shows the connecting rod in dotted lines and the path of the crank-pin
in full lines. The bearings G for the shafts of the roller C are provided with
springs K (figure 1) which are compressed by bolts B so as to allow the pressure
to be augmented at will.
The feeding of the material to be crushed is effected by the plate H from which
the material is drawn by the rotation of the cylinder A or by other means suited
for this purpose.
In order to give an example of the action of the machine, let it be assumed that
cement is to be crushed.
.In this case a circumferential velocity of from 1 to 6 centimeter per second is
imparted. to the cylinder A (according to the hardness of the cement or the degree
3

page_text: .
of fineness required) This cylinder carries the material along under the action of
the crushing roller, the latter receiving a velocity of from 2 to 4 meters or more
per second. This roller, by reason of its shape, commences to crush the material;
and reduces it more and more as it passes between the rollers, the crushing being
effected by pressure and by twisting or rubbing. If the material has a tendency
to escape in front of the roller, fixed or movable scrapers may be placed at each end
of the cylinder in such a manner as to bring the said material back under the
action of the roller. In proportion as the crushing proceeds, the material falls and
"passes to bolters and, if necessary, the crushed pieces are passed again through the
machine as before, in order to be crushed or pulverized to a finer degree, or they
may be crushed separately in a second machine. In cases where it is intended
to simply break the material (as in the case of iron-ore, coals, phosphates of
calcium or the like) and to reduce it to a definite size, the roller might be made to
revolve upon a rail J parallel with the cylinder, thus leaving, the requisite play
between the roller C and the cylinder A.
It will be readily understood that, according to the nature of the material to be
treated and the conditions under which the operation is performed the arrangement
of the machine just described can be considerably modified:
For example various modifications may be made in the shape, the mounting and
the details of the said machine. I can if desired combine a number of cylinders
and crushing rollers, appropriating for the service of each cylinder one or more
rollers. I can also in certain cases replace the rollers by segments or sectors to
which reciprocating motion is communicated, and having any proper shape for the
introduction of the material and its progressive crushing.
I may replace the rocking beam above described by any suitable system of fixed
or adjustable counterweights or counteracting or buffer springs or other parts
employed for applying the roller C to the cylinder A.
:
Figures 4, and 6 show an arrangement of apparatus which I consider perfect
as regards the simplicity of construction and the rapidity with which it may be
mounted.
Figure 4 represents this arrangement, of crushing or pulverizing machine in
transverse vertical section.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same, and
Figure 6 is a plan.
In these figures a indicates a cone or crushing roller, provided with teeth at the
front portion to form jaws. The shaft i of this cone is carried by guide rollers b b¹
acting on rails g g¹, which are made movable or fixed according to the degree of
adhesion it is proposed to give to the cone a on the roller k. The carriage c, which
is carried by the rolls 6 61, receives the rod d which exerts pressure by the action
of the springs e (which may be of any form). The place in which the trituration
or crushing is carried out is separated from the acting parts, which must be greased,
by means of a casing f of sheet-iron which protects them against the dust.
Figure 5 represents clearly the mode of attachment which I prefer to employ for
fastening the rod d. This fastening is effected by means of a forked bar / held at
a fixed point m. The two arms of this forked bar carry springs e which are
supported on the cross-bar n to which the said rod d is attached.
.
I may employ any other means for applying pressure and either adjustable
.or not.
The reciprocating motion of the cone or roller a is imparted to it by means of
an eccentric or crank o by means of a forked connecting rod p fitting on the pin g
of the carriage c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First In a breaking crushing or pulverizing machine, the combination of a rotary
cylinder A, with a roller C, to which is imparted a reciprocating motion in the

page_text: longitudinal direction of the cylinder A, as described with reference to Figures 12
and 3 of the accompanying drawings..
Second In a breaking crushing or pulverizing machine, the roller a arranged and
mounted as described, the said roller being provided with teeth and having its axis,
which is at right angles to that of the cylinder k, mounted upon a carriage c,
traversing by means of rollers b b¹ upon the rails gg', as described with reference
to figures 5 to 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Third In a breaking or crushing or pulverizing apparatus, the arrangement and
the combination with the cylinder k and the roller. a, of the carriage c connected
with the rod d and pressing upon the roller a through the medium of the forked
bar land of the springs e, as described, with reference to Figures 45 and 6 of the
accompanying drawings.