Improvements in Shears.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd June, 1896-Accepted, 11th July, 1896
Improvements in Shears.
I BRUNO WESSELMANN of 54 Friedländer Weg, Göttingen, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
My said invention relates to improvements in shears for cutting fabrics, metals
and materials as is well understood.
Hitherto the blades of such shears have been made with blades the inner flat
faces of which work against each other and are pressed into intimate contact by the
strain of the pivot bolt or by other outwardly applied means. The outer sides of
the blades have been bevelled or fashioned to assist the dividing action of the
shears.
According to my invention I make one or both of the shear blades spirally
formed, or I might make the blades straight and arrange them at an angle to each
other or to the axis of the pivot stud. I might also make one of the blades spiral
and arrange it to revolve as the shears are worked. In my improved shears the
work is more easily and cleanly done and the shears are worked with less effort and
can he more easily kept in order.
My invention will be best understood from a reference to the annexed two
sheets of drawings and the following detailed description of the various figs.
Fig. 1 is a view of shears with one flat and one spirally shaped blade, the spiral
blade being curved to the left.
Figs. 14, 1B, and 1° are cross sectional views of the blades at the lines x, x¹
and Fig. 1.
Figs. 2, and 3 are views of shears similar to Fig. 1 but with the spiral blades
curved to the right.
Figs. 4 and 5 are side and end views respectively of shears, both of the blades of
which are spirally formed or curved.
Figs. 6 and 7 are side and cross sectional views respectively of shears having
flat blades set at an angle relatively to the axial line of the pivot bolt or stud.
Figs. 8, 9, 84, 8B and 8° are views of shears with flat blades set at right angles
to each other.
Figs. 10, 11, 104 and 10B are views of shears the spiral blade of which revolves
upon an axis.
Referring in the first place to the figs on Sheet 1 the shears shown at Fig. 1 have
a spirally shaped or curved blade a and a flat blade b. As will be seen from the
respective cross sectional views Figs. 1A, 1B and 1° the outward curve of the spiral
blade a becomes more pronounced as it approaches the pivot at i. At the extremne
point the two blades are almost in the same plane. The two blades are of about
equal thickness throughout, and the cutting parts are represented by the short
angular faces n, n' (see Figs. 1A, 1B and 1°).
The spirally shaped blade a curves over to the left hand. In Figs. 2 and 3
which represent similar types of shears, the spiral blade a curves to the right
hand.
The curves of the cutting faces in the latter two figs. are also slightly modified.
In Figs. 4 and 5 both blades a and b are of a curved or spiral shape. In Figs. 6
and 7 the blades a and b are straight in cross section but lie at an angle to the
axial line of the pivot stud as plainly shown in Fig. 7. The cutting faces n, n',
are ground at an angle to the blades as shown in Fig. 7.

page_text: The shears illustrated in Figs. 8, 9, 84, 88 and 8°, are specially adaptable for
cutting sheet metal. The blade a stands at right angles to the blade 6 as plainly
shown in the cross sectional views Figs. 88 and 8°. This arrangement of the blades
renders these shears particularly useful for dividing metal.
In order to enable the spirally formed blade to perform a drawing or slicing cut
in dividing the material, I may construct the shears in such a manner that the spiral
blade shall revolve or rotate. Such shears are illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11 of the
drawings. The rotatable spiral blade a is formed with a back stud d which fits a
bearing sleeve a bolted to the part i of the shears. Upon the squared end of the
stud d'I fix a bevel wheel to which gears with a stationary segment w which may
be formed as shown on the bolt or stud pivot o which conuects the two limbs
of the shears. The result of the arrangement is that as the shears are manipulated
the spiral blade a rotates upon its pivot. The cutting edge of the blade a meets the
stationary blade b, and effects a slicing cut not attainable by the other means. For
certain materials such shears are more easy to handle and more effective than the
other types.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
(1) Forming or arranging the cutting blades of shears so that one or both of the
blades is or are of a spiral or curved shape or section, substantially as hereinbefore
described and as illustrated.
(2) The manufacture of shears having flat blades set at an angle relatively to
the axial line of the pivot or stud connecting the limbs of the shears as shown
in Figs. 6 and 7 or with the blades at right angles to each other substantially as
described and as shown in Figs. 8, 84, 88, 80 and 9 of the drawings.
(3) In shears of the indicated nature the employment of a revolving spiral blade
rotated by the act of working the shears and cutting in conjunction with the
stationary blade, substantially as described and as shown in Figs. 10, 104, 10B
and 11 of the drawings.
Dated the 1st day of June 1896