Improvements in Expansive Fluid Motors.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 2nd Apr.,
1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Expansive Fluid Motors.
I, ALEXANDER HIRSCHBERG, of 60, Friedrich Strasse, Luckenwalde, in the Province
of Brandenburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The present invention relates to improvements in motors whereby more power is
obtained at a cheaper cost, and consists, essentially, in such arrangement of the
parts of the motor as enables the steam or other agent used to act directly on the
piston simultaneously with the formation of said agent whether in the form of steam
or gas or other form.
As a
means of effecting the action of the motive power on the piston
simultaneously with the formation of said motive power, I adopt a form of cylinder
having, as its under end, a heating agent, so that there are no intermediary parts
between this heating agent and the under end or part of the piston. In other
words, there is a space left within the cylinder between its under end (the heating
agent) and the lowest working point or part of the piston, and, within this space,
the motive power can be instantaneously generated at high pressure, or gas can be
exploded in such way that the under end of the piston receives the effect
simultaneously and is forced upwards.
1
The generation of the power can be effected in various ways dependent on the
nature of the agent used. In the case of steam, I prefer to pump or inject the water
direct into the cylinder through a pipe fitted with a suitable spraying device. The
water is then sprayed finely into the space in the under part of the cylinder and the
steam is instantaneously generated. If desired, air can also be admitted into
the cylinder along with the water.
I will now explain my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of such parts of a motor as include my invention,
showing air-valve.
Fig. 2 is a similar sectional elevation without air-valve.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the motor showing pump.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the motor showing air-valve and entrance to the
spraying device.
A is the furnace or heating space the top of which is a plate which can either be
flat or bent as shown, provision being made at its edges for expansion. In addition
to being the top of the heating space, this plate B, or its equivalent, also forms the
bottom of the cylinder. The said plate or its equivalent can be heated by any
ordinary means to any degree of heat required; for small motors, it will generally be
found that a lamp will do all that is necessary.
Above the plate B is the cylinder C within which is the piston G. When the
piston G is at its lowest working point-that is to say the point immediately before
or after the dead centre-there is a space between its under part and the heated
bottom of the cylinder C. This space is designated in the drawings by D. It is

page_text: within this space that the motive power is generated and acts on the under end of
the piston simultaneously with said generation.
E is a spraying device through which the agent used is pumped or injected into
the cylinder. I do not limit myself to the form of the sprayer shown in the drawing,
but would say any other form can be used which can spray the fluid finely within
the space D.
F is an air-valve which normally opens automatically when there is a vacuum in
the space D. But, if it is desired to inject air into the cylinder, this valve can be
opened by means of a cam mounted on the crank shaft (not shown).
H is a pump which can also be actuated from the same crank shaft or by any other
suitable means and which pump is provided with a back-pressure valve H¹. This
pump can also, if desired, be fitted with a stop-valve and a hand-lever for stopping the
injection of water into the cylinder.
W is the escape-canal and W₁ the escape-valve. The latter is held closed during
the up-stroke of the piston by means of a spring W₁ and opened during the down-
stroke of the piston by a cam on the crank shaft.
My invention can be applied to both vertical and horizontal motors, and, instead
of water, other fluids can be injected into the cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the saine is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In motors, the use of a plate or other equivalent means, either bent or flat, as
both top of heating space and bottom of cylinder, in combination with a space
formed in the under part of said cylinder, and with a piston within said cylinder
and with a fluid which is converted into the motive power within said space
substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. In motors having a plate or other equivalent means as top of heating space and
bottom of cylinder, the combination with the cylinder, the piston, and the space
within said cylinder underneath the piston, of a spraying device actuated by a pump
or other means and with an air-inlet valve, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
3. In motors having a plate or other equivalent means as top of heating space and
bottom of cylinder, the combination with the space within the cylinder with the
cylinder itself, with the piston within said cylinder and with an escape-canal and with
an escape-valve substantially as and for the purpose described and shown.
Dated this 9th day of February 1898.
J. E. EVANS-JACKSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.