Improvements in Machines for Forming Hollow Ware from Pulp.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Forming Hollow Ware from Pulp.
I, GEORGE DECATUR KING, of Oswego, in the County of Oswego, in the
State of New York, United States of America, Mechanic, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINE FOR FORMING
HOLLOW WARE FROM PULP," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention consists in an improved construction of a machine by means of
which hollow ware of large sizes, such as bath tubs &c., can be manufactured in a
perfect, expeditious and convenient manner from paper-pulp or wood-pulp as herein-
after fully described and specifically set forth in the claims.
In the annexed drawing
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a machine for forming bath tubs and
showing the same with the formed article between the dies or molds,
Fig. 2 shows the same with the dies or molds separated from each other,
Fig. 3 shows the same with the male die inverted preparatory to removing the
molded article from the die,
Figs. 4 and 5 are detached enlarged longitudinal sectional views of the pulp
induction pipe and conduit connected therewith and the piston by which the
induction pipe is closed,
Fig. 6 is a detached enlarged transverse section on line x, x, Fig. 4, and
Fig. 7 is a horizontal transverse section on line y, y, Fig. 2.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
A denotes the hollow mold or female die, and B the male die designed for
forming bath tubs. These dies I suspend from oscillatory supports and respec-
tively at opposite sides of the fulcrums of said supports so as to counter-balance
or partly counter-balance said dies and thus facilitate the manipulation of the same.
The oscillatory supports may consist either of pulleys P-P as shown by full lines
in the annexed drawing or of levers P-P1 as represented by dotted lines in
Fig. 3 of the drawing, and when one die is heavier than the other, the levers may
have the fulcrums out of the centre and the heavier die suspended from the short
arms of the levers as represented in said figure of the drawing.
e represent cables, chains or straps by which the dies are suspended, and
when the oscillatory supports before mentioned consist of pulleys P-P, said
cables or chains run upon the pulleys.
.
The lower or male die is provided at opposite ends with arms B'-B¹ by which
it is hung on horizontal pivotal bearings or blocks C-C connected to the cables
or chains and thus said die is adapted to be inverted in its position for the
purpose hereinafter explained. The aforesaid arms extend through spaces between
posts I by which the said die is guided in its vertical movement. Said die is
foraminous in the usual manner and covered with perforated sheet brass or other
suitable material as shown at u to allow free escape of the liquid from the pulp
subjected to pressure between the two dies. By means of bolts passing
through a flange f' on the base of the female die and through a horizontal pro-
jection or flange on the base of the male die said dies are fastened to each other
during the process of compressing the pulp into form.
In the female die is arranged the piston g consisting of a stout metallic plate of
the shape of the bottom of the bath tub or article to be formed. Said piston is
guided by stems h―h projecting vertically from the top of the piston and through
stuffing boxes i-i on the top portion of the female die.
* denotes the rubber bag which is usually employed in connection with the
piston and dies in this class of machines. Said rubber bag is attached at its upper

page_text: edge between the marginal portions of the underside of the piston g and a plate gl
fastened to said side of the piston, and the lower edge of the rubber bag is clamped
between the flanges of the two dies as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing. O denotes
a pipe through which to introduce water under pressure between the piston g and
female die, said pipe tapping the die preferably near the centre of its top as shown. 5
a is the pulp induction pipe which I connect stationary to the lower or male die
at or near the centre thereof for the purpose of distributing the pulp as uniformly
and as quickly as possible, which is especially essential in the process of moulding
large articles. The delivery of the pulp into die is further facilitated and
accelerated by the direction of the delivery directly from the end of the pipe and 1
in line with the axis thereof. This induction pipe is preferably, but not
arbitrarily at right angles to the part of the die to which it is attached but in
every case its discharge end is to be permanently flush with the inner side of the
die. In said pipe is arranged a tubular plunger 6 across the upper end of which
is secured a perforated brass plate or other suitable strainer c to allow drainage 1
through the plunger and prevent loss of pulp.
7 is a lever by which to operate the plunger b. The pulp is introduced under
pressure into the induction pipe a by a branch pipe d tapping the pipe a at its side
and at a point to allow the plunger 6 to be moved outward past the intersection of
the said two pipes and thus allow the pulp to pass into the pipe a in advance of the 2
piston. The plunger has a stroke to carry the head flush with the inner side of
the die.
For conveying the pulp to the pipe d I make the end portion of one of the
arms B' hollow and connect thereto the pulp conveying pipe p, and the inner end
of the channels in the said arm I extend through the bottom of the arm as shown 2
in Fig. 2 of the drawing, and to this end of the channel I connect a pipe or
hose p¹, the opposite end of which is connected to the branch-pipe d.
The operation of the described machine is as follows:-
The two dies A and B being bolted or firmly secured to each other as
illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawing, the pulp is admitted between the dies through
the induction pipe a by drawing the plunger outward into the position shown in
Fig
5 of the drawing.
The entrance of the pulp forces the piston 9 upward and the rubber bag n
outward to the inner sides of the female die A, and when a sufficient amount of
pulp has been admitted, the plunger b is forced upward to bring the head thereof
Hush with the top of the male die, thereby shutting off the supply of pulp from the
conduit d. Then water is admitted under pressure through the pipe o and this
presses the piston 9 and rubber bag n toward the male die and compresses the
pulp into the requisite shape as shown at t in Fig. 1 of the drawing. The water
expressed from the pulp escapes through the perforations of the male die and
through the strainer c on the tubular plunger 6. The end of the plunger being
flush with the inner surface of the male die produces an even surface on the
formed article.
After the article has been subjected to the requisite pressure to expel sufficient
liquid to render the molded article self-sustaining, the two dies are disconnected
from each other and the lower or male die lowered and in doing so the female die is
simultaneously raised by the cables or chains e-e and oscillatory supports P-P
as represented in Fig. 2 of the drawing. After the two dies have been separated
a sufficient distance the lower or male die B is turned into an inverted position as
represented in Fig. 3 of the drawing, which may be effected by a crank pa attached
to one of the arms B' of the male die. This position of the male die allows the
molded article to be readily and safely removed from the die.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination with the dies or molds, the pulp induction pipe connected to

page_text: one of the dies, a plunger working in said pipe, and the pulp conduit tapping the
side of the induction pipe, substantially as described and shown.
2. In combination with the male and female dies, the pulp induction pipe secured
stationary to the male die and having its discharge end permanently flush with the
inner side of the said die, and a plunger in said pipe having a stroke to carry the
head thereof to a position flush with the inner side of the die to which the said pipe
is connected, substantially as described and shown.
3. In combination with the dies or molds, the pulp induction pipe connected to
one of the dies, a tubular plunger working in said pipe, a strainer applied to the
head of the plunger, and the pulp conduit tapping the side of the induction pipe,
substantially as described and shown.
4. In combination with the inverted female die and male die, the pulp induction
pipe a connected to the centre of the male die, the tubular plunger 6 in said pipe, the
strainer c on the head of the plunger, the lever for operating the plunger, and the
pulp conduit & tapping the side of the pipe a, substantially as described and shown.
5. In combination with the upper die, the lower die hung on horizontal pivotal
bearings, a pulp induction pipe connected to said lower die, and a pulp conduit
extending through one of the aforesaid bearings and connected to the aforesaid
induction pipe as set forth.
6. In combination with the female die placed horizontally and in an inverted
position, the male die pivoted horizontally to its supports at opposite ends of the
die, substantially as described and shown.
7. The combination of the pulleys P-P, cables or chains e-e running upon said
pulleys, the female die A. suspended by one end of each of said cables or chains,
the blocks C-C connected to the opposite end of the respective cables or chains,
and the male die B swiveled in said blocks, substantially as described and shown.
1001
GEORGE DECATUR KING.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.