IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING METAL
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles de Bergue, of No. 9, Dowgate Hill, in the City
of London, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING METAL."-Partly a communication from
abroad by Michael de Bergue, of Barcelona, in the Kingdom of Spain.
Sealed the 6th December 1859, and dated the 8th June 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles de Bergue at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th June 1859.
I, CHARLES DE BERGUE, of 9, Dowgate Hill, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING METAL," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in combining punching tools or shearing cutters with
a rocking piece or lever (without slides or other guides) suitably supported
and worked, the face or faces of the shearing cutter or cutters being parallel
with the axis, or nearly so, on which such rocking piece works. And in the
application to punching machines of a moveable pin or pointer for indicating
or shewing, or assisting the workmen to obtain the required position of the
plate or work to be punched by means of centre punch marks previously made
on the plate or work, without the workman having to watch or take notice of
the punch itself.

page_text: It is intended to construct the machines with a rocking piece or double-
cranked arm or lever of the general form of the letter T inverted, as shewn in
b-
a
-b
the marginal sketch, vibrating or rocking upon a centre at or
near the point a, the ends b, b, carrying the tools, and the
rocking power being applied at c by means of an eccentric
or otherwise. But it is obvious that a single-cranked arm or
lever of the general form of the letter L (not inverted) may
be substituted when a tool is required on one side only instead of on both
sides. In either case, respectively, the tools or tool will work in a slightly
curve course. It is intended to mount the rocking piece or lever between
two outside frames, and to drive with suitable gearing and fly wheels, &c.
It will of course be understood that the letters T and L do only generally,
and not absolutely represent the exact form intended, but that these should be
fashioned so as to obtain strength, and comply with other conditions as may
be required. The indicating moveable pin or pointer is intended to be applied
to punching machines in any convenient position thereon near to the punch.
Its object is to ensure the holes to be punched being made in their exactly
intended position, and more particularly when a series of holes are required at
an exactly equal guage or distance apart. Centre punch marks are first to
be made in the centres of the intended holes to be punched by the machine,
and it is only necessary to place the work so as to bring each centre punch
mark successively to correspond with the pointer, that is to say, so that the
pointer may be over each centre punch mark, when the several holes to be
punched will be (successively) formed in their true positions, without depend-
ing so much as heretofore.upon the skill of the workman for this purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles de Bergue in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th December 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DE BERGUE, of Dowgate Hill, in the City of London, Engineer, send
'greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
.me, the said Charles de Bergue, Her special licence that I, the said Charles

page_text: de Bergue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I
the said Charles de Bergue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PUNCHING AND SHEARING METAL," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles de Bergue, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles de Bergue, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in combining punching tools, or shearing cutters
with a rocking piece or lever (without slides or other guides) suitably-sup-
ported and worked, the face or faces of the shearing cutter or cutters being
parallel with the axis, or nearly so, on which such rocking piece works. And in
the application to punching machines of a moveable pin or pointer for indicating
or shewing, or assisting the workman to obtain the required position of the
plate or work to be punched by means of centre punch marks previously made
on the plate or work, without the workman having to watch or take notice of
the punch itself.
And having thus set forth the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed
to describe the manner in which it is to be performed, reference being had to
the accompanying two Sheets of illustrative Drawings, and to the Figures and
letters marked thereon for the purpose of such reference.
In Drawing No. 1, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying
the above-mentioned improvements; Figure 2 is a transverse section of the
same. In Drawing No. 2, Figure 3 is an end elevation viewed from the
punching end of the machine; Figure 4 a side elevation of the rocking piece or
lever (the axes C, D, and K, herein-after described are also shewn in section
in this Figure;) Figures 5 and 6 are detached views of the moveable pin or
pointer, and the carriage or arm in which it is mounted; and Figure 7 is an
end view of the shearing cutters and parts of the machine to which they are

page_text: fixed. The several Figures numbered 1 to 4 and the Figure 7 are drawn to
a scale of about one-tenth, and the Figures 5 and 6 to a scale of about one-
fifth of the actual lineal dimensions of the machine.
The framing is constructed of two cast-iron pieces, or frames A and A*,
firmly bolted together at a, a, near the bottom and at a somewhat near the
top, these frames being so shaped as to enclose between them the rocking-
piece or lever B, which is likewise constructed of cast iron, and is formed with
a hole or opening 6 therein. through which opening certain parts of the frames
A and A pass, as shewn in the Figure 2. This rocking piece vibrates on an
axis C situate near the bottom; the motion being communicated by means of
an eccentric D, situate near the top through the train of wheels E, F, G, H,
from the fast pulley I upon the tubular axis h of the last-mentioned wheel or
pinion H, the axis h itself revolving loosely upon the eccentric shaft or axis D*.
The wheel E is keyed upon the axis D*, and the pinion F and wheel G upon
the intermediate shaft or axis K, both shafts being mounted in suitable
positions in the frames A, A*. His a fly wheel keyed upon the tubular
axis h, and L is a loose pulley on the shaft D*; M is an eccentric block or
slide working within an opening in the rocking piece B, and allowing the
necessary vertical play; m, m, are side cheek plates bolted on to retain the
block M in position; B is the punch-carrying end of the rocking piece; N
is the punch carrier, and O the punch itself; Ox is a punch box or die fixed
to the framing, and R is a forked projecting arm likewise fixed to the framing
for preventing the work rising on the withdrawal of the punch. S is the
moveable pin or pointer, sliding vertically in a socket at the extremity of the.
adjustable arm or carriage T, s being an adjusting ring and screw for limiting
the fall within the socket. This pin or pointer is intended to be an index of
position of the work to be punched, and may be applied to punching machines
in or upon any part thereof near to the punch, its object being to ensure the
holes to be punched being made in their exactly intended position, and more
particularly where a series of holes are required at an exactly equal guage or
distance apart. By means of a template or otherwise, small central punch
marks are first to be made in the work in the centres of the holes intended to
be punched by the machine, and before the work is offered to it; and it is
only necessary to place the work so as to bring each small punch-mark
successively to correspond with the pointer, that is to say, so that each mark
may successively be immediately under the pointer when the several holes to
be punched by the action of the machine will be (successively) formed in their
true and intended position, without depending so much as beretofore upon the.
skill of the workman for this purpose.

page_text: It will readily be understood that the pointer indicates or occupies at each
operation of the punch a position in advance of the actual hole to be punched.
For the purpose of assisting the finding the proper position of the work as
above described, the working end of the punch is furnished with a small
obtuse point rising from the centre of its flat surface, and this adjunct will also
be found extremely useful when punching holes in irregular positions, and
when the index pointer S cannot be advantageously employed. B² is the
shear-carrying end of the rocking piece; U is the moving shearing cutter
fixed to and carried thereby; and V is the stationary shearing cutter fixed to
and carried by the framing. The manner of mounting the cutter is clearly
shewn in the Figures 1, 4, and 7.
It should be noted that the tools employed with this machine will be caused
to act in a slightly curved course or direction, which it is found unnecessary
to correct or change into a perfectly straight course or direction, as is effected
by the slides or guides for the purpose which are employed in the machines
ordinarily in use. The punch should, however, be so mounted as that its
working face or end may be presented or brought down flush or evenly upon
the plate or work to be punched, or nearly so, and the plate or work should
be so placed as to coincide with a plane that would pass through the axis C,
or nearly so, in order that the curved path traversed may deviate as little as
possible from an actually straight path. And the shearing cutters, likewise,
should be correspondingly mounted, that is to say, so that within the limits of
their action the curved path traversed by the moving cutter may approximate
as nearly as may be to an actually straight one. And I would remark, that the
motion given to the machine may be effected by means of a connecting rod
from a crank or otherwise, instead of by means of an eccentric, as above
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles de Bergue, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
C. DE BERGUE.
(L.S.)