Improvements in or appertaining to Cycles, Motor or otherwise.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in or appertaining to Cycles, Motor or otherwise.
I, CHARLES JAMES ELLIS, of No. 21, Garville Avenue, Rathgar, Co. Dublin,
Public Record Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
Various improvements in, or in connection with, cycles, motor or otherwise,
particularly appertaining to means of protecting from dust and locking bearings; con-
necting valve caps; connecting pedals and cranks; connecting and operating bells and
in means for protecting a riders limbs from rain. My improvements in dust and
such like caps for oiling holes of bearings and in connection therewith or means of
locking the spindles are substantially by means such as the following.
I have in the outer bearing case a hole preferably a slotted one instead of circular.
I have a hollow or partly hollow bolt the head being within the case and the shank
passing through the case slot, this shank is entirely or in part longitudinally
slotted into two parts each part having a coincident pin hole. Between the shank
parts I have pivoted by a pin passing through the pin holes or other means a circular
oval quadiant or other shaped plate or cap having to its upper part a finger piece
or gaps or other means whereby it can be easily moved by the finger or the oil can
spout. If a disc be used the bottom part may have a gap or such like through which
oil inay pass. I may have washers or such like of felt or other material and instead
of a bolt I may have a suitably slotted or holed case to screw into the bearing case
or be secured thereto by a nut.
In cases in which I also lock the axles I have the axle or a part thereon with slots
or such like, the end of the plate or cap above mentioned 18 prolonged sufficiently
to engage with one of these slots when desirable. In one instance the plate is
a
circle & when in its norinal position the cut away part lies towards the case
but when the fall half is turned down an axle slot is engaged In another instance
the bolt or equivalent has pivoted thereto a quadrant shaped plate which when
turned sideways together with the side of the bolt fills up the case slot, when
turned upright there is a part of the slot unfilled & the bolt may be slid along it
till a part of it engages with the axle slot, the quadrant being again turned down-
ward on its other side, fills the case slot and looks the bolt to the axle.
My next improvement is relative to means of retaining a dust cap on or to a tyre
valve. One means is to have secured to the valve case a piece of leather celluloid
rubber or suchlike springy or other material or one having a lug to each side each of
which is adapted by having a hole therein or other simple means to retain the end of
a chain or cord to the centre of which is the cap or one lug is dispensed with & the
cap secured to the centre of the other the free end being attachable to the other
Bide of the circle or valve case.
Or I have a piece of leather celluloid or suchlike with a central hole through which
the valve case passes and the ends prolonged and adapted to have the cap secured to
them or the cap may be to the centre & the two ends retained on the case.

page_text: The caps may be of rubber, leather, metal or other material and in one with, or
detachable from the retaining parts.
In an improved form of pedal & crank connection I have the pedal pin loose within
the crank hole but prevented from turning by a spur thereon taking into a notch in the
crank back. The front of the crank hole is of larger diameter than the back and into
this I pass the end of a tube which passes over or is screwed to the pin & on which I
have one or both cones, instead of screwing this tube to the pin it may also have a
spur to take into a notch in the crank front or in both cases the hole may be squared
oi Batted instead of round & a nut screwed to the end of the pin & bearing against
the end of the tube rigidly locking both to the crank,
A further improvement relates to means of carrying a bell so that articles carried on
the machine, oi a ram cape may not bear against it and so deaden its sound when
rung. attach it to the handle bar stem, or steering socket or adjacent thereto in
such manner that if the brake be slightly operated a stud, pinion, friction wheel cam
or equivalent attached to the brake preferably the rod or equivalent may bear against
the bell lever or equivalent and so operate it I would or may also have the bell lever
or equivalent shaped as to be capable of being efficiently operated by such brake rod.
A further improvement relates to means of having the skirt of a rain cape to hang
outwardly from the riders limbs instead of being blown against or wetting them when
riding. I attach to the machine by clips hinged or pivoted bars so attached to each
other on the clip that they may be folded in line with or against the tube they are
attached to, or so chipped as to be easily detachable. These bars may be of any
suitable shape and two or more may be attached together, and so attached as to
form a V or other shaped support against which the cape may beai.
With the same object of keeping the riders limbs dry I have bars formed with a
central spring clip for temporary attachment to the machine. To these bars are
attached, by hooks, or other simple means, one or two strips of rainproof or other
material of sufficient width to intercept rain dripping from the cape and so protect
the riders limbs The upper part of the material may be attachable to the inner part
of the cape by hooks, buttons, or other means
Any of the bars above mentioned may be so adapted as to be foldable for carrying
in a small compass, and may be made of any suitable material such as steel, celluloid,
volenite, on suchlike and if necessary the clips may also be locked or tightened against
movement by a pin and nut or other means.
Dated this 6th Inna 1808
Improvements in or appertaining to Cycles, Motor or otherwise.
I, CHARLES JAMES ELLIS, of No. 21, Garville Avenue, Rathgar, Record Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Improvements in cycles motor or otherwise appertaining to oilcaps, dust caps and
connecting pedals and cranks.
My improvements in dust and such like caps for oiling holes of bearings and in
connection therewith or means of locking the spindles are substantially by means such
as the following.
I have in the outer bearing case a hole preferably a slotted one instead of circular
I have a hollow or partly hollow bolt the head being within the case and the shank

page_text: passing through the case slot, this shank is entirely or in part longitudinally slotted
into two parts having a coincident pin hole. Between the shank parts I have pivoted
by a pin passing through the pin holes or other means a circular oval quadrant
or other shaped plate or cap having to its upper part a finger piece or gapa or
other means whereby it can be easily moved by the finger or the oil can spout. If a
disc be used the bottom part may have a gap or such like through which oil may
pass. I may have washers or such like of felt or other material and instead of a bolt
1 may have a suitably slotted or holed case to screw into the bearing case or be
secured thereto by a nut.
In cases in which I also lock the axles I have the axle or a part thereon with slots
or such like, the end of the plate or cap above mentioned is prolonged sufficiently to
engage with one of these slots when desirable. In one instance the plate is a circle
and when in its normal position the cut away part lies towards the case but when the
full balf is turned down an axle slot is engaged. In another instance the bolt or equiva-
lent has pivoted thereto a quadiant shaped plate which when turned sideways together
with the side of the bolt fills up the case slot when turned upright there is a part of
the slot unfilled and the bolt may be slid along it till a part of it engages with the
axle slot, the quadiant being again turned downwards on its other side, fills the case
slot and locks the bolt to the axle.
By Figs 1 to 5 I show some of such means of attaining my object in the forination
of dust caps and locking axles. A is the bearing case of the bottom bracket or
hub, a' being slot or hole therein for oil cap, a³ is a locking piece (described in my
Provisional Specification as a hollow or partly hollow bolt. as locking wings of locking
piece. flanges to locking piece. a slot to locking piece, a locking pin, a' dust
plate, a handle or holes or gaps to plate. a hollowed or slotted oil case.
In the means shown by Fig. 1 the locking piece a³ is placed in position before the
axle is in the bearing case, the flanges a beating against the inside of the case A,
and the wings a projecting through the slot a¹. The dust plate a' is then put
between the wings and secured thereto by means of the pin a passing through the
pin holes, and when all are so pinned together the looking piece cannot be forced
into the bearing or withdiawn from it In its normal position the bottom of the dust
plate fills the slots a', ab, but when turned, by means of the handle as, a little to
one side of the slot 18 exposed for oiling purposes.
By Fig. 2 the locking piece a² 15 shown formed of spring steel. The flanges a
are pressed together and let into the bearing case slot & when released engage
against and within the inner part of the case, and require compression to be again
withdrawn.
Into the upper part passed the part disc a' which 18 secured thereto by the pin a
normally this disc lies within the flat part in the case slot and to inject oil it is
sufficiently revolved on its pin, by means of the can spout engaging in the
gaps as
By Fig. 3 I show the locking piece a² in two parts, the flanged ends a* engaging
in the case, and the upper parts being bent so as to almost meet together The
plate a is passed between and secured to same by the pin a 6 The spur as is for
turning the plate for oiling.
Fig. Four shows case with threaded shank a¹ and slot a to its upper outer
part and extending down into the shank. The dust plate a' is passed into and
secured within the slot a by the pin a' and in its normal position a part thereof
lies in the slots in the shank and bearing case and so prevents the shank from
turning on its screw. On the plate being turned so that its flatted part is brought
towards the bearing, oil may be injected.
By Fig. 5 I show one means of also locking the bearing. In this I prefer to use
the same form of locking piece as in Fig One, or Fig. 3, and a dust cap as is shown
by a. The axle B, or cone b1, bas thereto slots, or notches 63.
The dust plate is preferably a circle with handle and in its normal position
the flatted part lies within the bearing case slot If the handle as be brought into an
upright position the broken part is brought sideways into the slot leaving a side

page_text: space through which oil may be passed, and if the handle be brought into the
position shown by the dotted lines then the outer circular part of the plate engages
in a notch band locks the axle against rotation.
In some cases the pivot pin a may be towards the side of the locking piece and
the end of the dust plate be within the case but so as to be away from the axle or
cone, and so that dust may be more effectually excluded I may have washers of
leather or other material to the plates, or between the flanges, and to keep the dust
plate from rattling I may have them or parts thereof tapered or wedge shaped.
The locking piece may be formed in one with the bearing case.
In the constructions shown by Figs. 1 to 4 the axle may be locked against revolu-
tion by having a part thereof contiguous to the oiling hole suitably notched or slotted
so that the locking piece as shown in any of such constructions Figs. 1 to 4, may
when necessary be turned so as to engage with one of such notches-such for instance
as is shown by Fig. 5.
My next improvement is relative to means of retaining a dust cap on or to a tyre
valve, one means 18 to have secured to the valve case a piece of leather celluloid
rubber or such like springy or other material or one having a lug to each side cach
of which is adapted by having a hole there or other simple means to retain the
end of a chain or cord to the centre of which is the cap, or one lug is dispensed with
and the cap secured to the centre of the other the free end being attachable to the
other side of the enele or valve case.
Or I have a piece of leather celluloid or such like with a central hole through
which the valve case passes and the end prolonged and adapted to have the cap
secured to them or the cap may be to the coutre and the two ends retained on the
case.
The caps may be of rubber leather metal or other material and in one with or
detachable from the retaming parts.
Figs 6 to 11 show some such means of retaining dust caps on valves of tyres.
Fig. 6 shows a piece of rubber C connected to or in one with the retaining ring
by the sides c², as shown, the cap 18 formed in one with the sides and 18 hollowed as a
cap, but it may simply have a hole therein to retain a usual metal cap It 19
retained on the valve by passing the stem thereof through the hole oⓇ, and kept
thereon by the usual valve nuts
Fig 7 shows two forms, c³, being made of twisted or platted wne or wile cord, such
as picture cord. Form c is formed of leather, rubber, celluloid, steel or other flexible
material and out of one piece, which is slit down the centre, both connecting parts
being lapped or fastened together after the dust cap has been inserted in the end c³.
They are retained on the valve by passing the stem thereof through the hole co and
kept thereon by the usual valve nuts.
Fig. 8 shows another form formed of rigid but spring material such as leather,
celluloid, platted wire, steel, and which 18 attached to the valve stem through the
central hole, and cords or chains to the ends c. To the centre of the chain c³ 18
attached the valve cap
Fig. 9 shows a form which has hole c for attachment to the valve case. To the
centre of the lug c I have the cap, preferably of rubber, the further lug end having
hole c, which, when the cap is in position on the valve, is bent down until it is
engaged with the lug co. This form 18 of some flexible material such as rubber or
leather, and has the valve cup in one therewith or attached thereto.
Fig. 10; also formed of flexible material has the cap to the centre of the lugs, the
further ends having holes c by which they are retained on the valves.
Fig. 11, also formed of flexible material, is secured to the valve by the central
hole co, the lug ends being bent over and the cap secured to them by the holes .
In an improved form of pedal and orank connection I have the pedal pin D Fig. 12
loose within the crank hole d' but prevented from turning therein by a spur there,
taking into a notch d³ in the crank back. The front of the crank hole 16 of
larger diameter than the back and to this I pass the end of a tube d³ which passes
over or 13 screwed to the pin which is sufficiently threaded for that purpose and on

page_text: which I have one or both cones. I prefer having one cone d' on the tube, the further
end of which has a keyway as to engage a spur d within the cone hole. They are
kept keyed together by a nut do sorewing onto the axle end de. Instead of screwing
the tube to the pin it may also have a spur to take into a notch in the orank front,
or in both cases the hole may be squared or flatted instead of round, and a nut
screwed to the end of the pin and bearing against the end of the tube rigidly locking
both to the orank.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
No. 1. In cycles, oil caps or equivalents, formed as, or substantially as, described in
the foregoing writings, or illustrated and described with reference to Figures 1
to 5.
2. In cycles attaching to a bearing case looking pieces such as, and in like
manner as herein before described, or illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 or the like
substantially.
3. In cycles means and methods of covering an oiling hole, or of injecting oil
to the bearings, as, or substantially as hereinbefore described, or as illustrated in
the drawings.
4. In cycles looking the bearings against rotation by plates or equivalents such
as, or substantially as hereinbefore described, or illustrated by Figure 5.
5. In cyoles a dust plate or equivalent so pivotally attached between or to the wings
or wing of the locking piece, at or to the bearing case, so that on being turned out of
its normal position, oil may be injected into the bearing, or when turned out of
its normal position its lower point turns into a slot or equivalent in a cone or
axle.
6 In cycles the means and methods hereinbefore mentioned, or illustrated and
described by the drawings 6 to 11, or the like substantially, of attaching, valve
caps to their valve and forming retainers for their carriage.
7. In cycles the means and methods hereinbefore mentioned, or illustrated and
described by the drawings of connecting a orank and its pedal together.
Dated this fith April 1898.
CHARLES JAMES ELLIS,
Applicant.