AN IMPROVEMENT IN SCREW WRENCHES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gustave Irenée Sculfort, of Mauberge, in the
Empire of France, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN SCREW WRENCHES."
Sealed the 28th September 1855, and dated the 14th April 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gustave Irenée Sculfort
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th April 1855.
I, GUSTAVE IRENÉE SCULFORT, of Mauberge, in the Empire of France,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVEMENT IN SCREW WRENCHES" to be as follows:-
My improvement in screw wrenches consists in constructing them as
follows: The main rod to which the upper and fixed jaw is attached runs
through the handle, hereafter described, and terminates in a screw for the
reception of a knob. The moveable jaw has fixed to it on each side a metal
rod, flat on the inside and circular outside. The lower end of these rods is
screw-threaded; a collar at the lowest point to which the moveable jaw can
travel, retains these rods on the flat sides of the main rod. The screw threads
are of sufficient depth to allow of their moving up and down the main rod
freely when actuated in the manner hereafter explained. The handle of the

page_text: wrench is hollow, and has on the inside a double screw thread, corresponding
with the thread on the end of the moveable jaw rods. The inner end of the
handle abuts against the collar before mentioned, and is retained in its place
by the knob which screws on to the screw at the end of the main rod. The
moveable jaw is worked by turning the handle in one direction or the other,
according to the distance to which it is to be separated from or advanced
towards the fixed jaw.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Gustave Irenée Sculfort in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th October 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, GUSTAVE
IRENEE SCULFORT, of Mauberge, in the Empire of France, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Gustave Irenée Sculfort, Her special licence, that I, the said
Gustave Irenée Sculfort, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Gustave Irenée Sculfort, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN SCREW WRENCHES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Gustave Irenée Sculfort, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be perfornied, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Gustave Irenée Sculfort, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-

page_text: Wrenches consists in constructing them as
follows:-
Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed represents a side elevation of
this improved screw wrench complete; Figure 2, a similar view of a portion
of the wrench; and Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, detail views of the several parts
thereof, shewn detached. A is the main rod to which the upper and fixed
jaw B is attached. This rod runs through the handle C, hereafter described,
and terminates in a screw D for the reception of a knob E, separately repre-
sented in Figure 3. The moveable jaw F has fixed to it on each side a metal
rod G, flat on the inside, so as to slide freely up and down on the rod A of the
fixed jaw, and circular on the outside. The lower ends of these rods are
screw-threaded on the outside, as shewn in Figure 4. H, Figures 1 and 5, is a
collar at the lowest point to which the moveable jaw can travel, which retains
these rods G on the flat sides of the main rod A. The screw threads on the
ends of the rods G are of sufficient depth to allow of their moving up and
down the main rod freely when actuated in the manner "hereafter explained.
The handle C, Figures 1 and 6, of the wrench is hollow, and has on the inside
a double screw thread, corresponding with the thread on the end of the move-
able jaw rods. The inner end of the handle abuts against the collar H, and is
retained in its place by the knob E, which screws on to the screw at the end
of the main rod A. The moveable jaw is worked by turning the handle in
one direction or the other, according to the distance to which it is to be
separated from or advanced towards the fixed jaw. Figure 8 represents an
elevation of a modification of the above arrangement, in which the moveable
jaw is caused to advance towards or recede, from the fixed jaw by turning
the knob at the lower end of the wrench in the required direction. Figures
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 are detail views of the several parts of this wrench.
A is the fixed jaw attached to the main stem B. The lower end of this stem
or rod B is furnished with a collar a and socket C. D is the moveable jaw
which is free to slide up and down upon the stem B. This jaw D has attached
to it by the countersunk screws c two side rods E, E, which terminate with a
socket F. G is a screw, the upper end of which is stepped into the lower
part of the socket C; H is the knob, which is fixed to the screw G, and by
which it is turned in the desired direction. The screw G is tapped through
the socket F, as shewn in the dotted lines in Figure 11. I is the handle of
the wrench, which is passed over the side rods E, E, and abuts against the
collar a on the socket C; the screw G is then passed up through the socket F
and the handle I, secured by screws b to a collar J, free to revolve between
the fixed collars d, d, on the stem of the screw G. By the arrangements above

page_text: described, the screws for working the moveable jaw is completely closed in,
and therefore not liable to become choked or clogged up with dirt or injured
in any other way. The travel of the moveable jaw can also be regulated
with great accuracy, and when once set will be retained in that position with
greater firmness.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is, the
working of the moveable jaw in screw wrenches by means of the particular
arrangement of screwed surfaces, in the manner herein-before described, and
represented in the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gustave Irenée Sculfort, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of September, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
G. 1. SCULFORT.
(L.S.)