IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, EDWARD SELDEN TOWNSEND KENNEDY of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS" and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of this invention is to construct a boiler that shall be economical of
fuel, quick to generate and super heat steam, easy of repair and occupying but
comparatively little ground room.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of the
specification in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved boiler partly in section and with parts
broken away to exhibit other parts.
Figure is an elevation of the same partly in section and with parts broken
away to exhibit other parts, showing am improved boiler shell and method of
packing.
Figure 3 is a partly sectional plan on line x x figure 2.
In the drawings A represents the upright boiler cylinder which, when in position
is designed to be set on a suitable support and have around its lower end an
annular ash pit B, above which is the fire chamber C separated from the latter by
a grate D composed of bars or perforated plates as may be preferred.
From the top of the fire chamber to the floor of the ash pit the cylinder A
presents an unbroken surface, save for a man-bolo or man-holes a through which
sediment which may be deposited from the water in the boiler may be removed.
From the top of the fire chamber nearly to the water line of the boiler the space
within the boiler enclosing walls or shell E is filled with series of tubes F closed at
their outer ends and radiating from the cylinder A in successive planes one above
the other, the tubes and spaces of the several series alternating with each other.
From the steam chamber A' of the boiler, other series of tubes G, closed at their
outer ends, radiate in successive planes one above the other.
The steam delivery pipe H is fixed with its vertical leg in the longitudinal axis
of the steam chamber and with its horizontal leg extending out through a side of
the steam chamber, its end within said chamber being closed as shown at b figure 1.
From the vertical leg of this steam pipe H, a series of open ended tubes c radiate
in successive planes and enter the tubes G, so that the steam must enter the
tubes G from the steam chamber A¹ and thence pass into the tubes c. and thence
into the steam pipe EI before escaping from the boiler.
By this arrangement it will be seen that the steam before escaping is subdivided
into many distinct and individuals columns or jets that are separately exposed in
the tubes G to the heat of the products of combustion as they pass up through the
hot air chamber from the fire box C.

page_text: These tubes G c may be indefinitely multiplied and may be arranged, in com-
bination with the steam delivery pipe to apply to boiler steam chambers of other
forms of construction than that herein shown, the purpose being to apply them in
sufficient number and of sufficient dimensions to enable the steam to absorb and
thereby to make use of a very considerable portion of the heat that otherwise
would escape up the smoke stack.
In Figure 1 the boiler enclosing shell or wall E is shown constructed of brick
and covered on top by a hood E' which forms the support of the smoke pipe E²
while in Figures 2 and 3 another kind of non-conducting shell or jacket is shown.
This jacket E above the ash pit is constructed of two concentric cylinders prefer-
ably made in sections, having secured between them horizontal and vertical
ribs K L respectively of channel irons or double T irons or of such other shapes
that they can be riveted to one or the other or both of the jacket cylinders.
These horizontal and vertical ribs in combination with the jacket sections form
series of compartments which are filled with a non-conductor of heat such as
asbestos or mineral wool or substance of like character.
As the jacket is formed in sections and as each section has its special ribs it will
be seen that it can be easily placed about the boilers and that the non-conducting
material can easily be applied, also that any part of the jacket can readily be
removed for repairs without disturbing the rest of the jacket and non-conductors.
This boiler can be adapted for stationary, marine or locomotive purposes and
when two or more are required they may be placed within one shell or jacket so
that they may be fired together, or with a division wall or walls between them
so that one may be fired while the other or others are not in use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. A boiler constructed substantially as herein shown and described con-
sisting of a central upright cylinder extending down to the ash pit floor and having
series of water tubes closed at their outer ends, radiating in successive planes onc
above the other, the tubes and spaces of the several series alternating with each
other and the lower series of tubes being at the top of the fire chamber, a steam
delivery pipe closed at the end within the steam chamber, a series of tubes with
closed outer ends radiating from the steam chamber into the hot air chamber and a
series of smaller open ended tubes radiating from the steam delivery pipe into the
steam chamber tubes, as set forth.
Second. The combination with the steam chamber of a boiler and a steam
delivery pipe closed at its inner end, of a series of tubes, with closed outer ends,
radiating from the steam chamber into a hot air chamber, and a series of smaller
open ended tubes radiating from the steam delivery pipe into the said steam
chamber tubes, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Third. The combination with an upright cylindrical boiler having radiating
water and steam tubes, of a sectional jacket made of concentric cylinders having
secured between them vertical and horizontal ribs forming series of compartments
which are fitted with a non-conducting material, substantially as herein shown and
described.