Screwing, and Tapping Work in Lathes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Screwing, and Tapping Work in Lathes.
We JOSEPH BREEDEN of New Mill Works Fazeley Street Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Manufacturer and FRANCIS BREEDEN of New Mill Works
Fazeley Street Birmingham aforesaid Manager of Works do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In screw cutting lathes as ordinarily constructed a sliding bar the axis of which is
in line with the axis of the spindle of the lathe, is capable of a sliding motion on the
bed of the lathe by which motion it may be brought nearer to or more distant from
the spindle of the lathe. This bar which is commonly called the sliding back centre
of the lathe is square or angular in cross section. In the end of this bar is fixed the
drill or the cutting tool by which the hole to be screwed is made in the article operated
upon or by which the exterior of the article is turned preparatory to the formation of
a screw thread on its exterior. After the drilling and turning havo been effected the
tool is removed from the back centro.
The screw tap by which the hole is screwed is held by its handle by the workman
and pushed up to the article operated upon by the back centre and the formation of a
screw-thread in the hole effected. Similarly the outside screw thread is cut by a
screw die held by its handle by the workman and pushed to its work by the back
centre.
According to the said invention we employ a back centre of the ordinary kind in
which back centre the drilling and turning tools may be fixed as usual. On the acting
end of the back centre we fix a strong collar to which an arch shaped holder is jointed
and capable of swivelling upon its joint so that the summit of the arch can be thrown
on either side of the axial line of the lathe. At the summit of the arched holder
and crossing it is a strong curved arm the curve of which is struck from the centre on
which the holder swivels.
The said curved arm has one or more holes in it in which holes drills turning
tools screw taps or screw plates for drilling turning, tapping, plating or forming
external screws are fixed.

page_text: In using the lathe the holder is turned on its joint out of the axial line of the lathe
and when drilling and turning tools are employed in conjunction with the back centre
the said back centre is brought up to the article under operation, to drill a hole in or
to turn the exterior of the said article. Or the drilling and turning may be effected
by tools carried by the said cross arm.
After the drilling and turning have been effected the holder is turned through
such an angle as will bring the tool next required to act on the article under operation
in the axial line of the lathe and the said tool is brought up to its work by the sliding
of the back centre and the formation of an internal or external screw thread in or on
the article is effected.
1000

page_text: Improvements in Connection with Tools for Cutting, Drinning,
Screwing, and Tapping Work in Lathes.
We JOSEPH BREEDEN of New Mill Works Fazeley Street Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Manufacturer and FRANCIS BREEDEN of New Mill Works,
Fazeley Street, Birmingham aforesaid, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
-
In lathes as ordinarily constructed a sliding bar, the axis of which is in line with
the axis of the spindle of the lathe, is capable of a sliding motion on the bed of the
lathe by which motion it may be brought nearer to or more distant from the spindle of
the lathe. This bar which is commonly called the sliding back centre of the lathe is
square or angular in cross section. In the end of this bar is fixed the drill or the
cutting tool by which the hole to be screwed is made in the article operated upon or
by which the exterior of the article is turned preparatory to the formation of a screw
thread on its exterior. After the drilling and turning have been effected the tool is
removed from the back centre. The screw tap by which the hole is screwed is held
by its handle by the workman and pushed up to the article operated upon by the back
centre and the formation of a screw thread in the hole effected. Similarly the outside
screw thread is cut by a screw die held by its handle by the workman and pushed to
its work by the back centre.
According to the said invention we employ a back centre of the ordinary kind in
which back centre the drilling and turning tools may be fixed. On the acting end of
the back centre we fix a strong collar to which an arch shaped holder is jointed and
capable of swivelling upon its joint so that the summit of the arch can be thrown on
either side of the axial line of the lathe. At the summit of the arched holder and
crossing it is a strong curved arm the curve of which is struck from the centre on
which the holder swivels. The said curved arm has one or more holes in it in which
holes drills, turning tools screw taps or screw plates for drilling, turning, tapping,
plating cutting or forming internal and external screws are fixed.
In using the lathe the holder is turned on its joint out of the axial line of the lathe
and when drilling and turning tools are employed in conjunction with the back centre
the said back centre is brought up to the article under operation to drill a hole in or
to turn the exterior of the said article. Or the drilling and turning may be
effected by tools carried by the said cross arm or the summit of the arch shaped
holder.
After the drilling and turning have been effected the holder is turned through such
an angle as will bring the tool next required to act on the article under operation in
the axial line of the lathe and the said tool is brought up to its work by the sliding of
the back centre and the formation of an internal or external screw thread in or on the
article is effected.

page_text: We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which the said invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation and Figure 2 in plan a portion of a lathe with
which tool holding apparatus constructed according to this invention is combined:
Figure 3 represents in side elevation; Figure 4 in end elevation and Figure 5
in plan the tool holding apparatus detached from the lathe drawn to a larger
scale.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4
and 5. In Figures 1 and 2 the tool holding apparatus is represented raised and
in action and in Figure 1 is indicated in dotted lines in its lowered position out
of action.
a is the ordinary sliding back centre of the lathe to which a backward and forward
sliding motion is given by means of the lever b and link c in the ordinary way; e is
the chuck carried by the spindle of the lathe in which chuck the article to be operated
upon is held. The parts we have just described are of the ordinary kind and con-
stitute no part of this Invention. On the front end of the sliding back centre a we
fix the strong collar d to which the arch shaped holder f,fis jointed at f², f² the said
holder being capable of a swivelling motion on the joint f2, in a vertical plane so
that the centre of the summit of the arch shaped holder f, can be thrown on either
side of the axial line of the lathe.
The summit of the arch shaped holder fif is formed with a collar h for receiving
the stem of the drilling, turning, cutting, plating or tapping tool, the-said-tool-being
fixed in the collar by the set screws at i, i. Or the drilling turning or cutting tool
may be fixed as usual in the collar d at the end of the sliding back centre a. Pro-
jecting from opposite sides of the collar of the oscillating tool holder fare curved
parts g, constituting a curved arm, the curve of which is struck from the centre or
joint on which the tool holder swivels. In each end of the curved arm g is a hole
in which a screw tap or other tool may be fixed by the set screw_k. In Figures 1
and 2 two screw taps m, n are represented fixed in the ends of the curved
arm g, 9:
In order to use any one of the three tools held in the holder f,f: g, g the said
holder is lifted by the workman from the dotted position Figure 1 and turned on its
joint so as to bring the particular tool required in a line with the axis of the lathe or
axially with the chuck e. That is to say, if it is required to drill or turn the article
fixed in the chuck, the drilling or turning tool in the collar his brought into and
supported by the workman in a line with the axis of the chuck and the sliding back
centre a is advanced to the chuck in the ordinary way so as to drill a hole in or turn
the exterior of the article. Or a drilling tool may be carried by the collar of the
oscillating tool holder and a turning tool by the collar d of the back centre a. Or
the drilling tool and turning tool may in succession be used in the collar d. When a
tool is used in the collar d it will be understood that the swivelling tool holder ff; 99
is allowed to take its lowered position as indicated in dotted lines before the sliding
back centre a is advanced to the chuck. After the drilling and turning operations
have been effected the screw tap m on the bottom arm g of the swivelling tool holder
is brought into the axial line of the lathe and the said tool advanced to the chuck by
the sliding back centre a and afterwards the swivelling tool holder ff; g g is lowered
through such an angle as will bring the other screw tap n on the top arm g into the
axial line of the lathe. In this way the particular tools required can be brought into
use and the article in the chuck drilled or turned or tapped or other operation per-
formed upon it with great facility and celerity. As the several tools are carried by
the same tool holder the waste of time necessary for the removal of the tools from and
the placing of other tools in the sliding back centre, as in the ordinary lathe, is by the
use of this invention avoided.
Figure 6 represents in side elevation and Figure 7 in front elevation modified tool
holding apparatus for a lathe constructed according to this invention, the swivelling
tool holder in Figure 7 being represented depressed; Figures 8 and 9 represent front
elevations of the tool holders.

page_text: The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9.
In this modified tool holding apparatus, the arch shaped part p, p turning on the
joint p2 at the end of the sliding back centre a of the lathe is furnished at its lower
end with a middle quadrant shaped arm r in holes in which the three tools 2, 213, 714
are held by the set screws 3, 6, the swivelling holder p,r when in use being turned
through such an angle by the workman as will bring any one of the tools 2, 3, 4 in
a line with the axis of the lathe as before described with respect to the swivelling tool
holder first described.
In combination with the tool holder p, r I use the rotating tool holders in place of
using the sliding back centre a for carrying the drilling, turning or other tool.
The said rotating tool holders turns on the centre carried by the upright t
the said upright t being fixed upon and partaking of the sliding motion of the
back centre a. The said rotating tool holders carries four tools u, u, u, u fixed
by the set screws u³, u² and by rotating the said holder through the proper angle on
the centres the particular tool to be used can be brought to its lowest position and in
the line of the axis of the lathe, the said tool holders being held in its adjusted
position during the use of the particular tool by means of the spring holding lever
the nose or short arm of which snaps into one of the notches y in the edge of the
tool holder (see Figure 8). By depressing the long arm of the fixing lever x the tool
holder s is released and may be rotated through the required angle to bring another
of its tools into the axial line of the lathe. The required tool in the holders having
been thus properly arranged for use the sliding back centre a is advanced and with it
the tool holders and parts carried by the said back centre and the tool is made to
operate upon the article held in the chuck in the ordinary way. During the use
of the tools in the rotating tool holder s the swivelling tool holder p,r is lowered
out of action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim as the said invention of "Improvements in connection with tools for cutting
drilling screwing and tapping work in lathes" :-
First-The combination with or adaptation to the sliding back centre of the latho
of the swivelling tool holder marked ff; 99 in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 or the
modified swivelling tool holder p,r represented in Figures 6 and 9 of the accompanying
Drawings, the said swivelling tool holders being constructed and used substantially as
described and illustrated.
Secondly-The combination with or adaptation to the sliding back centre of the
lathe, of the rotating tool holders and parts connected with it the said tool holder
being constructed and used substantially as hereinbefbre described and illustrated in
Figures 6 and 8 of the accompanying Drawings; whether the said rotating tool holder
be used alone or in combination with either of the swivelling tool holdors claimed in
the first claim.
Dated the 10th dow of Databen 1888
JOSEPH BREEDEN.
FRANCIS BREEDEN.