IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BLOW PIPES, AND IN BLOW PIPE TORCHES OR FLAMES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Hardwick Johnson, Firm of Cotton
and Johnson, of Grafton Street, Soho, in the County of Middlesex, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BLOW PIPES, AND IN BLOW PIPE
TORCHES OR FLAMES."
Sealed the 22nd November 1867, and dated the 23rd May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Hardwick Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd May 1867.
I, FREDERICK HARDWICK JOHNSON, Firm of Cotton and Johnson, of
Grafton Street, Soho, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BLOW PIPES, AND IN.
BLOW PIPE TORCHES OR FLAMES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, 1st, of an improved gas blow pipe whereby the
flame can be increased or diminished with the greatest ease while blowing;
and, 2ndly, of an improved flame or torch holder to be used therewith or
with any other blow pipe.
In carrying out the first part of my said Invention I formed the blower of
nearly the same shape as that ordinarily used for gas, but with this difference,

page_text: that in the pipe to which the gas connecting tube is attached I form a hollow
chamber, into which the gas is admitted through an opening or openings
therein regulated by means of a revolving opening and closing plug, which is
made to revolve and admit the gas by the pressure of the finger and thumb
of the operator. A short distance beyond this chamber I cut slots or notches
in the gas conducting tube of the blow pipe, through which the air passes, and
mixing with the gas in its exit from the gas chamber, the draught caused
thereby being sufficient to prevent any escape; the gas is then acted upon
and discharged from the pipe in the ordinary manner. This pipe may be
attached to a tube in connection with a pair of bellows and be worked by
means of a treadle or any other suitable mechanism.
The second part of my said Invention consists in forming a spirit and wick
holder or tube for burning methylated or other spirits in the following
manner I take a tube of brass or other metal of any required length and
diameter formed in two pieces, the upper or portion through which the wick
is passed being formed to screw into the lower or spirit holder. On the
outside of the upper portion of this holder a loose band of brass or other
suitable metal is caused to rise and fall as required by simply pushing it up
or down, and is guided by a bayonet slot cut therein working over a piu or
head, and by raising the said band more or less over the wick, which may be
of cotton or other material, the flame thereof is increased or diminished.
For extinguishing the said light I raised the band to its greatest height above
the wick, and rest thereon a metal cap which is attached to the slide by a
cbain just long enough for that purpose, but not long enough to allow of any
play,"
," and is of the same diameter as the metal band; the lid and band
are then pressed down over the upper or wick charging portion of the holder,
and consequently over the wick, the cap or lid acting as an extinguisher and
also preventing any spirit or vapour from escaping; the metal band is now
turned to the right or left, and the bayoneted slot passes over the pin or head
before mentioned, preventing it from sliding until again required for use. This
principle may also be applied to, chandelier, gas, and candle lighters generally.
The novelty consists, 1st, in forming a portable gas blow pipe in the
manner herein described for more easily regulating the flame thereof, and
obtaining a purer gas by the admission and mixture of air therewith; and,
2ndly, in forming a torch or spirit and wick holder as herein described for
preventing grease and smoke, for its safety and compactness, and for regulating
the amount of flame therefrom.
66
.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Hardwick Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office.
on the 23rd November 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
HARDWICK JOHNSON, of the Firm of Cotton and Johnson; of Grafton Street,
Soho, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord.
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Frederick Hardwick Johnson, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Hardwick Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Frederick Hardwick Johnson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should.
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BLOW PIPES AND IN BLOW PIPE
TORCHES OR FLAMES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Frederick Hardwick Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said, Frederick Hardwick Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention consists, first, of an improved gas blow pipe whereby the
gas jet or flame can be increased or diminished with the greatest nicety
secondly, of an improved flame or torch holder to be used therewith, or with
any other blow pipe, or the gas connecting tube pipe separately or combined
therewith, as herein-after described.
In carrying out the first part of my said Invention I form the blow pipe.
of nearly the same shape as that ordinarily used for soldering with gas, but
with this difference, that in the pipe to which the gas connecting tube is
attached I form a hollow chamber, by turning which from right to left, and

page_text: vice versa, the gas is admitted through a double coned plug or valve or hollow
coned valve, and accumulates and passes through a suitable opening into the
blow pipe gas tube, whence it makes its exit in the usual way, the blower being
fixed at the head of the gas pipe to act on the flame. A short distance
beyond the gas chamber I cut or divide the outside tube by slots or openings,
through which the air passes and at or near the flame mixes with the gas in
its exit from the gas chamber, the draught being sufficient to prevent any
escape, and a sliding collar or band passes over and from the said openings or
slots more or less as required and regulates the admission of air, thereby
preventing the deposit of carbon.
The second part
of my
said Invention consists of a spirit and wick holder,
torch, or tube formed in the following manner :-I take a tube of brass or other
metal of any required length and diameter or shape closed at the bottom and
divided into two parts, which are screwed together about the centre, the
upper being to pass the wick or cotton through, and the lower for putting in
the required spirit, oil, or other liquid. On the outside of the upper or wick
portion of the holder a band of brass or other metal is caused to rise and.
fall, and is guided by a bayonetted slot therein working over a head or pin on
the holder, so that when it is required to lessen the flame all that is necessary is to
raise the said band to any required distance over the cotton, and by this means
increase or diminish the flame. For putting out the lighted wick I raise
the metal band to its greatest height above the wick or cotton, and then rest
a metal cap or extinguisher (attached to the slide by means of a chain or
cord) of the same diameter thereon, when the whole is pushed down and the
flame extinguished; the slide is then turned to the right or left, as the case
may be, so that the bayonetted slot passes over the pin before mentioned, thus
preventing the slide from rising till again required, and preventing the spirit or
oil from escaping or evaporating. The combined wick holder, torch, or flame
and blow pipe consists of one of the wick holders or torches above described, with
the simple addition of a blow pipe of any desired form or shape attached in
any convenient way by joint or otherwise to a circular or other formed collar
or band, which band or collar passes over the bottom portion of the torch and
slides up and down the same, thus regulating the blowing of the blow.pipe to
the height of the flame. To the end of the blow pipe I attach an india-rubber
or other tube with a mouth-piece attached for the convenience of the operator,
and if desired the same may be attached to portable or fixed bellows worked
by a treadle or otherwise. The form of the wick holder or torch and blow
pipe combined may be varied according to fancy, and the principle of the
regulator for increasing and diminishing the flame is also advantageously

page_text: applied to the ordinary pressure blow pipe, spirit lamps used in soldering as
well as the well-known under pressure spirit lamp.
EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWING.
Fig. 1 shows my improved gas blow pipe, Fig. 2 a section of the same.
a is the pipe to which the gas connecting tube is attached for admitting the
gas; is the chamber or reservoir into which the gas is admitted through
the double coned plug i, and from whence it is allowed to escape through the
pipe or educt j; c, the opening formed for admitting air to mix with the gas, the
quantity of air admitted being regulated by the sliding collar d; e is the educt;
f, the blow pipe, to the end g of which a tube for blowing is also attached.
Figs. 3 and 4 show my improved flame or torch. a is the under or spirit
holder; b, the upper or wick holder, over which the brass or other band c rises
and falls for regulating the flame d; e, the bayonetted slot working over the head
or pin f for guiding the sliding band c and preventing it from slipping up and
down when not in use; g, the cap or extinguisher; h, the chain fastening it
to the sliding band.
Fig. 5 shows the flame or torch and blow pipe combined. a is the sliding band
which slides up and down the under part of the flame or torch; b, the blow
pipe connected thereto by the pin c passing through the arms d and e on the
band and blow pipe, and allowing the latter to be tipped thereon nearer to or
further from the flame.
I claim as my Invention the several improved tools or instruments herein
described and their general application for all suitable work, and they may
be further variously modified as found convenient in practice.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Hardwick Johnson, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
F. H. JOHNSON. (L.S.)