Improvements in and relating to Steam Injectors for Supplying Water to Steam Boilers and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Steam Injectors for Supplying
Water to Steam Boilers and the like.
I, PATRICK BROWNLEY, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at
No. 700 East 137th Street, in the City of New York, County and State of New
York, United States of America, Inventor, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention contemplates certain new and useful improvements in steam-
injectors, having special reference to that class known as "lifters" and "forcers."
The object is to increase the starting and working capacity of a double-tube
injector. This I accomplish by doubling the lifting power of the injector by
making the set of tubes constituting the "forcer" serve equally with the other, or
"lifter" set of tubes, in raising water into the injector. Steam is supplied
simultaneously to both sets of tubes, whereby the injector can be started aud
maintained at a very low pressure, at a maximum degree of high pressure, or at
any intermediate pressure. These results are obtainable because the only pressure
to be overcome in starting the injector is that of the atmosphere, since no check-
valve for the primary-overflow is employed. In lieu 1 use a cock having ports
which, in starting the injector, open up direct communication between the delivery-
chamber of the lifter and forcer with the overflow-opening, and when the column
of steam and water is established will instantly cut off the overflow of the "lifter"
and gradually cut off that of the "forcer," at the saine time opening up direct
communication between the latter and the outlet to the boiler. Heretofore in
injectors of this class steam could not be admitted through the "forcer" in starting
the injector as it would tend to create back-pressure on the first or primary
overflow-valve, or at least form an equilibrium, preventing the starting of the
injector and have the effect of forcing the steam back into the suction-pipe. But
by allowing the initial flow of steam through both the forcer and the lifter to pass
direct to the atmosphere a vacuum is instantly created and both sets of tubes
servo to raise the water into the injector. Thus a maximum boiler supply can be
constantly maintained. The combining tube of the "forcer" is so located within
the casing that it will be surrounded by water in starting the machine to insure
better condensation and afterward when the injector is working will beat up the
water to a certain extent before being taken up by said forcer.
The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth and particularly pointed out in
the claims.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figuro 1 is a view in side elevation of my improved injector. Figure 2 is a
vertical longitudinal sectional view thereof.
Figure 3 is a detail sectional view showing the position occupied by the cock
after water is lifted into the injector.
Figure 4 is a similar view showing the position of said cock when the injector is
working.
Referring to the drawing A designates the casting; a the steam-inlet; a¹ the
water-inlet; a the overflow opening; and a³ the delivery-outlet leading to the
boiler.
B designates the "forcer" and C the "lifter." Of the former b is the steam-
tube; b' the combining tube; and the delivery-tube, the two latter tubes boing

page_text: integral. Said delivery-tube is secured in a tapering or conical wall or partition b
which divides the water-chamber & from the delivery-chamber of the forcer
said latter chamber being in line with the delivery-outlet a³. By thus extending
the combining-tube out in the water-chamber and elongating the same the water
in said chamber will insure better condensation in starting and the same will be
beated by said tube when the injector is working thus preventing ton great
condensation upon the water mingling with the steam. Of the "lifter," d is the
steam-tube; the combining tube; and d the delivery-tube, said latter tubes
being integral and secured in partition d' separating the water-chamber d' from
the discharge-chamber . The latter chamber opens direct into the water-
chamber of the forcer. The steam-tubes b and 2 are mounted in a wall or
partition D of a steam-chamber E, into which the steam-inlot a opens, said steam-
chamber being common to both of said steam-tubes, so that steam is supplied
simultaneously to both sets of tubes, no valve being employed for cutting off the
supply of steam to the forcer in starting the injector. The outlet for the overflow
from the lifter is through a passage-way e surrounding the delivery chamber 6, and
substantially diametrically opposite the outlet end of this passage-way is the inner
channel of the overflow opening a. Hence, if extended, tho passage-way and
overflow channel e' would intercept the delivery-chamber 6 and boiler outlet a
F is a cock located transversely of the machine so na to intercept the delivery-
chamber 8, the outlet a', the overflow passage-way e of the lifter and the channel
of the overflow opening. To one end of this cock is connected an operating
handle by which it can be easily and quickly turned, the movement of said
handle being limited by a finger and stops f. This cock is provided with a
transverse opening and opposite cut-aways. and, forming overflow ports for
the delivery-chamber of the forcer. In starting the injector the wide opening of the
cock assumes the position shown in Figure 2, thus establishing direct communi-
cation between the passage-way e and the overflow opening a', the side of said
cock closing the delivery outlet a' leading to the boiler. Hence the use of a
check-valve to prevent back-pressure from the boiler intorforing with the injector
is rendered unnecessary. When the cock is in this position the port formed by the
cut-away establishes communication between the delivery-chamber of the
forcer and the overflow opening a. As soon, however, as the water has been
lifted and the column of steam and water is being established, the operator turns
the cock F, causing the side f' thereof to entirely cut off the overflow of the lifter
through the passage-way c. (See Figure 3.) As this is being done any further
overflow from the forcer is allowed to pass through the port formed by the cut-
way to the overflow opening a', the further movement of the cook cutting off or
closing this overflow and establishing direct communication between the delivery
chamber of the forcer and the outlot to the boiler. (See Figure 4.)
The operation is as follows:-
The cock being positioned as shown in Figure 2, closing the outlet to the boiler
and opening up communication between the passage-way e and overflow opening a³,
steam admitted to the steam-chamber E will pass simultaneously through both sets
of tubes and out to the overflow. Upon overcoming the atmospheric pressure and
reaching the overflow-opening a vacuum is instantly created not only in the water-
chamber of the lifter but also in the chainber of the forcer or body of the casing,
causing the immediate lifting of the water, which passing through the combining
and delivery tubes of the liftor, will pass from the discharge chamber of the latter
through the passage-way e and opening of cock F to the overflow opening a' and
the overflow of the forcer passes to said opening a through the cut-away. As
soon as the column is established, or about to be, the cock is turnod, cutting off
immediately the overflow of the lifter and gradually that of the forcer (see
Figure 3) and the now established column of water will pass through the opening
in the cock on to the boiler, said cock being turned to the position shown in
Figure 4.
The advantages of my invention are apparent to those skilled in the art. No

page_text: check-valve for the overflow of the lifter being employed and only the atmospheric
pressure having to be overcome, and steam being admitted simultaneously to both
eets of tubes, the forcer also acts as a lifter, thus doubling the capacity of the
apparatus. The injector can be started at a low pressure and can be continuously
operated at such a pressure or at a very high pressure of steam, or at any
intermediate pressure. There is a decided advantage in the employment of a cock
for controlling the operation of the injector, since the cook being of substantially
conical or cylindrical form and extended transversely through the injector at right
angles, so to speak, to the line of travel of the steam and water, there is but little,
if any pressure to be overcome in turaing said cock. It will also be noted that
the overflow of the forcer is only gradually cut-off, thus allowing any additional
overflow from the latter, after the closing of the overflow of the lifter to pass to
the opening a'. An injector constructed as herein-described is extremely simple
and inexpensive and being composed of but few parts is not liable to readily get
out of order. The single cock employed for controlling the working of the
injector being positive in its action is not affected by any clogging of foreign or
gritty substances as frequently occurs with loosely mounted valves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A double-tube injector having direct communications for the forcer and lifter
with the overflow opening, and a single steam-chamber common to both said lifter
and forcer, whereby steam is supplied simultaneously thereto in starting the
injector, as set forth.
2. A double-tube injector having separate overflows for the lifter and forcer, a
cock for quickly closing the overflow of the lifter and gradually closing that of
the forcer and a steam-chamber for supplying steam simultaneously to both the
lifter and forcer in starting the injector, whereby the forcer will also act as a lifter,
as stated.
3. A steam injector of the character herein specified having overflow passages
for the lifter and forcer and a cock intercepting said overflows having three porta,
one of said ports allowing of the gradual closing of the overflow of the forcer
after the overflow of the lifter is closed, as stated.
4. A steam injector of the character herein-specified having overflow passages
for the lifter and forcer and a cock having a main opening or port extending
transversely therethrough, and two smaller ports for the overflow from the forcer,
as set forth,
5. A steam injector of the character herein-specified having overflow passages
for the lifter and forcer, and a cock having a main opening or port extending
transversely therethrough, and two opposite cut-aways forming ports for the
overflow from the forcer, as set forth.
6. The herein-described steam injector having two sets of tubes forming a forcer
and a lifter, a steam chamber for supplying steam to both of said sets of tubes
simultaneously, an overflow passage for said lifter and the delivery chamber of
said forcer intercepting one another, a cock located at such interception and
having a main port, and two additional overflow ports, and a lever for operating
Enid cock, substantially as set forth.
1908
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.