IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR SPINNING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Warren Wattles, of Massachusetts, of the United
States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR
SPINNING."
Sealed the 19th August 1879, and dated the 25th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Warren Wattles at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1879.
JOSEPH WARREN WATTLES, of Massachusetts, of the United States of America.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR SPINNING."
The Invention relates more particularly to ring spinning machines, and consists
in providing the spindle with a mechanism for adjusting it concentrically with the
ring, and for lubricating the step and bolster of such spindle while the ring itself is
kept in a fixed position. The said mechanism is composed of an eccentrically
bored cylindrical tube or bolster in which the lower cylindrical part of the spindle
revolves, an eccentrically bored cylindrical tube or step carrier into which tho
bolster fits, and in which it may be turned; a plug or step, which closes the said
step carrier at the bottom, supports the spindle, and is perforated for the admission
of oil to lubricate the spindle, the lower part of the latter being made hollow for
receiving a wick or other means of lubrication, and provided with a small radial oil
educt near the top of the wick chamber; an oil reservoir screwed or otherwise
attached to the step carrier supplying oil to the spindle, and carrying the fulcrum
of a lever, the extremity of which may be pressed against the whorl of the spindle,
so as to arrest the motion of the latter. The whorl is fixed to the spindle directly
above the bolster, and the step carrier is slit length wise from the top to about half
its length, so as to be contractile laterally upon the bolster, and when contracted to
grasp it firmly; the step carrier, and with it the whole mechanism, being carried
by the spindle rail provided with a cylindrical bore, through which the likewise
cylindrical step carrier passes, and to which it may be secured by one or more set
screws, after having been adjusted; the latter, besides fixing the step carrier to the
rail, serve to contract the slit step carrier firmly upon the bolster.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Warren Wattles in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
August 1879.
JOSEPH WARREN WATTLES, of the State of Massachusetts, of the United States
of America. “IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR SPINNING."
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a spinning frame, ring, and spindle, and their
sustaining rails, with my Invention applied thereto.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of the spindle without the wick or oil elevator.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the spindle, the bolster, and the step carrier.
Figure 5 is a top view.
Figure 6 is a side elevation and Figure 7 a vertical section of the step carrier.
Figure 8 is a top view, and
Figure 9 a side elevation of the bolster.
The said Invention has reference to what are termed " ring spinning frames," or
in other words to the spindles and the supports of such spindles. The first im-
provement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the combination of the
eccentrically bored step carrier and an eccentrically bored and revoluble bolster
arranged on or in such bolster.
The second improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
combination of an eccentrically bored step carrier and an eccentrically bored and
revoluble bolster with a spindle step arranged at the foot of such carrier, and with
a spindle arranged in the bore of the bolster, and resting on the step.
The third improvement. or part of Invention relates to or consists in an
eccentrically bored and contractile spindle step carrier.
The fourth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in an
eccentrically bored and contractile spindle step carrier and its step, in combination
with a supporting rail and clamp screw-and an eccentrically bored bolster adapted
to receive the spindle.
The fifth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in a spindle
provided with a flange near its foot, and with a screw and shoulder for supporting
a whorl in combination with an eccentrically bored bolster and step carrier.
The sixth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in a
spinning frame spindle provided with an open wick chamber and an oil educt
leading out of such chamber, in combination with the bolster and the step and its
carrier.
The seventh improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in
the combination of an oil reservoir with the tubular step carrier and separate
bolster.
The eighth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
combination of the oil reservoir with the tubular step carrier, step, and bolster, and
with the spindle provided with the wick chamber and its discharging orifice.
The ninth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
combination of the oil reservoir with the tubular step carrier, step, and bolster, and
with the spindle provided with the wick chamber and its discharging orifice, and
with a wick or device arranged in such chamber, and being for raising or elevating
oil therein.
The tenth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
spindle provided with the open wick chamber and its discharging orifice, and with
a wick or device arranged in such chamber, and being for raising or elevating oil
therein.
The eleventh improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
combination of the spindle and ring with the eccentrically bored bolster applied to

page_text: the spindle, and with the eccentrically bored step carrier or bolster supporter
encompassing the bolster, and sustained by the spindle rail.
The twelfth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
spindle provided with an open wick chainber and its oil escape passage in com-
bination with the bolster and with the spindle supporting step provided with an
oil passage extending through it.
The thirteenth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
combination of the spindle provided with the whorl, bolster, and flange, with tho
spindle stopper arranged so as to act against the upper inclined surface of the
peripheral groove of the whorl.
The fourteenth improvement or part of my Invention relates to or consists in the
combination of the spindle stopper and the oil reservoir and its step and bolster,
with the spindle thereof provided with the whorl.
With my said Invention the ring is not adjustable into concentricity with the
spindle, but remains fixed in position in its socket of the ring rail, such socket
having a diameter corresponding to that of the shank of the ring.
The spindle however or its supports are provided with a peculiar mechanism for
adjusting it into concentricity with the ring. It also has means or device for
lubricating its step and bolster.
In carrying out my Invention, as shown in Plate 1, I combine with an eccentri-
cally bored step carrier an eccentrically bored and revoluble bolster, extended
within and capable of being revolved in such step carrier, the spindle being arranged
and fitted to turn in the bore of the bolster, and supported at its lower end by the
step at the bottom of the carrier.
The bore k of the bolster is cylindrical and eccentric relatively to the outer sur-
rounding surface of the bolster, which is also cylindrical. The bore of the step
carrier is also cylindrical; has a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the
bolster, and is eccentric relatively to the outer surrounding surface of the step
carrier, which is cylindrical, all being as represented in the accompanying
Drawings.
Furthermore, the spindle is provided with a flange at its lower part where it
extends below the bolster, and close to and above the top of the bolster the spindle
has a shoulder and screw formed on it, they being to receive and support the whorl
which is screwed upon such screw and down against the shoulder, and answers as
a cap to the top of the bolster. The step carrier is split or slitted lengthwise from
its top about half its length so as to be contractile laterally upon the bolster, or
when contracted to grasp it firmly. The step carrier extends up through a hole in
the spindle rail, and is held in place therein and contracted upon the bolster by a
set screw screwed laterally into the rail and against the carrier.
Again, the spindle in the part of it within the bore of the bolster is bored axially
from its foot upward to, or nearly to, the top of the bolster, and there extends out
of the bore or chamber laterally a small oil educt or passage. The bore or chamber
in the spindle is to contain a wick or like capillary attractive packing; or it may
have within it a screw, such as when in revolution with the spindle will cause oil
from the interior of the step carrier to be raised or driven up the chamber of the
spindle, such oil being discharged by centrifugal force out of the educt at the upper
part of the spindle chamber, and thence between the bearing surfaces of the spindle
and bolster.
•1
The spindle foot step I arrange at the lower part of its carrier, and make through
such step an oil induct to allow oil from a reservoir encompassing the carrier to
flow freely into it, such reservoir being a closed cylindrical vessel screwed upon or
otherwise properly fixed to the carrier. The step at top has a flat surface to
sustain the foot of the spindle and to admit of the necessary latteral movements of
the spindle during adjustment of it into concentricity with the ring.
In Plate 1 of the Drawings, A denotes the spindle; B, the ring; C, the ring rail;
D, the spindle rail; E, the whorl; F, the bolster; O, the step carrier; and I, the

page_text: oil reservoir; a is the chamber of the spindle; b, its oil educt; and c, the wick or
oil raising stuffing placed in such chamber.
The step having the oil inlet & made down through it screws or is fastened into
the lower part of its carrier. The part of the spindle which is below the bolster
has a flange e projecting from and extending around it, such flange being to
prevent the spindle from being drawn out of the bolster on an attempt being made
to remove a bobbin from the spindle.
The screw for clamping the step carrier in and to the spindle rail and upon the
.bolster is shown at f. By having the step carrier split or slitted lengthwise from
its top down, as described, one screw is made to answer not only to confine the
said carrier to the spindle rail but to clamp the carrier to the bolster after the
spindle may have been properly adjusted to the ring, such adjustment being effected
by revolving tho bolster in the eccentric bore of the step carrier until the axis of
the spindle may be coincident with that of the-ring.
A "centralizer" being
applied to the spindle will drop down into the ring on the spindle being brought
into concentricity therewith.
The shoulder of the spindle is shown at g; the screw for receiving the whorl
.Leing represented at h. The oil reservoir is screwed to the step carrier, as seen at i.
A bent spindle, stopper, or lever L, pivoted to the oil reservoir and formed and
.arranged therewith and with the whorl, in manner as shown, serves to enable
an attendant by pressing his knee against the lower arm of the lover to force the
upper arm against the whorl or its upper inclined surface 8, and by so doing to stop
the spindle or arrest its rotary motion when such may be necessary. By the action
of the lever against the whorl the spindle will be forced upward so as to carry
the flange e up against the foot of the bolster, such also aiding in stopping the
spindle.
From the above it will be seen that with my Invention the adjustment of the
spindle relatively to the ring can be easily effected; also that the lubrication of the
bearing surfaces of the spindle will be carried on to great advantage without the
necessity of frequently charging the reservoir with oil.
In Plate 2 I have represented my Invention somewhat differently constructed or
carried out. Of the Drawings of such Plate 2,-
Figure 1 is a front elevation; and
Figure 2, a vertical section of a spinning frame ring and its spindle having my
Invention applied to the latter.
Figure 3 is a top view, and
Figure 4 a vertical section of the eccentrically bored spindle supporter.
Figure 5 is a top view, and
Figure 6 a vertical section of the eccentrically bored receiver of the spindle
supporter.
The additional parts of my Invention shown in Plate 2 consists as follows:—
1st. In the combination of an eccentrically bored spindle supporter and its
eccentrically bored receiver having heads as set forth with a clamping device or an
oil reservoir screwed on the shank of cither the said supporter or its receiver and
against the sustaining rail or a washer or interposed device, as set forth.
2nd. In the combination of one or two yielding annuli with the rail, the headed and
eccentrically bored spindle supporter, the headed and eccentrically bored receiver,
and a clamping device or oil reservoir screwed on the shank of either the receiver
or supporter, all being substantially as set forth.
3d. The combination of the spindle having an oil elevator with the oil reservoir
and with the spindle supporter extending within such reservoir and provided with
a return oil passage, as set forth.
4th. An eccentrically bored spindle supporter flanged at and chambered in its
upper part essentially as represented, and provided with a stud or screw extending
through the flange into the chamber, in combination with the spindle having a
flange fixed upon it to enter. the chamber and to be held thereon by the said
screw.

page_text: 5th. The combination of the eccentrically bored spindle supporter flanged and
chambered at top and provided with a stud or screw as described, with the
eccentrically bored receiver chambered at top to receive and encompass the flange
of the said supporter and hold its screw in place, as hereinafter explained.
6th. The combination of the spindle having an oil elevator with the oil reservoir
and with the spindle supporter chambered at its upper end and extending within
the reservoir, and having a return oil passage to lead out of the chamber back into
the reservoir.
7th. The oil reservoir having a trough and educt arranged with it as explained.
8th. The combination of a revoluble eccentrically bored spindle supporting
combined step and bolster with a revoluble eccentrically bored receiver encompassing
it and extending into or to be arranged within the spindle support rail as set forth,
the said eccentrically bored receiver and combined step and bolster being to effect,
by being revolved within the rail socket, adjustment of the spindle into concentricity
with the traveller ring thereof.
L
In the Drawings of Plate 2, A denotes a spinning frame ring; and B, its
supporting rail; C is the spindle, and D the spindle rail.
The spindle extends into the bore of the spindle supporter E, such bore being
eccentric with respect to the outer cylindrical surface of the said supporter. The
supporter has a cylindrical head or flange a at its upper end, within which is a
cylindrical chamber 6 which is concentric with the bore of the bolster and is to
receive a flange c projecting from and extending around the spindle a short distance
below its whorl e. A screw f screws radially into the flange a and extends over
the flange c, and with such flange serves to keep the spindle from being pushed out
of the supporter when a bobbin may be in the act of being removed from the
spindle. The head of the screw is flush or about so with the circumference of
the flange a. The spindle supporter E is, as will be seen, a combined step and
bolster.
Furthermore, the spindle supporter extends through the bore of a tubular
receiver F, such receiver being provided with a milled head g, within which is a
cylindrical chamber h to receive and encompass the cylindrical flange of the spindle
supporter in order to prevent the screw in such flange from working out of place.
The chamber h is concentric with the bore of the receiver, which is eccentric to the
outer cylindrical surface of the receiver.
The receiver F is inserted in a cylindrical hole or socket i in the 'spindle rail,
there being between the head of the receiver and the top of the rail an annulus k
of leather or other suitable yielding material. The diameter of the socket
corresponds to that of the shank or body of the receiver, which in Figure 2 is shown
as entirely within the said socket.
Upon its lower part the spindle supporter is provided with a male screw / that
screws into a nut m which in this instance constitutes the neck of an oil reservoir G,
in and around whose top is a trough or groove m' having an educt or opening n
leading from it into the oil holding space of the reservoir. By means of such trough
and hole oil may be supplied to the reservoir, the trough serving to interrupt any
that may flow down the outer surface of the nut or neck.
At the foot of the spindle supporter is a tubular step o which projects up into
the spindle and is provided with a wick P that extends from the top to the bottom
and out of the step and into the oil reservoir or to its bottom. The spindle
supporter is shown as not only provided with a tubular bushing & inserted within
it to receive the spindle, but as having a return oil passage, leading from the
chamber in the upper part of the supporter down and opening into the reservoir.
Furthermore the spindle, where within the supporter, has a chamber s made up
within it to receive the part t of the step, and an oil elevator, which in this case is a
packing or wick u to raise oil from the wick p. One or more holes lead from the
upper part of the capillary packing chamber out through the spindle.
Between the spindle rail and neck of the oil reservoir is a leather or yielding
annulus w which encompasses the spindle supporter.
ย
8

page_text: From the above it will be seen that the nut or reservoir neck on being screwed
upon the supporter serves with the heads of the supporter and receiver to confine the
supporter and receiver in place within the rail. By revolving the supporter and
the receiver, or either, as occasion may require, the spindle may be adjusted into
concentricity with the ring.
Instead of having the spindle rest on a step fixed to the supporter such spindlo may
rest at its foot on a flat surface or step fixed to and arranged in the oil reservoir,
in which case I usually provide the spindle with a helical groove running around
it in that part of it which is within and below the supporter, the helical groove
serving to raise the oil from the reservoir up between the bearing surfaces of the
spindle and bore of the supporter, the surplus so raised passing into the chamber at
the top of the supporter, and from thence through the oil return passage and back
into the reservoir.
Instead of screwing the oil reservoir upon the eccentrically bored spindle
supportor such reservoir may be screwed upon the eccentrically bored receiver,
see Figure 7, in which case the latter should extend sufficiently below the spindle
rail and the spindle supporter, or the mechanism should be provided with some
proper means of preventing the supporter from rising up within the receiver. Such
ineans may be a groove a in and around the shank of the supporter, and a screw y
screwed into the reservoir and extending into such groove. This latter construction
of the parts not only insures the fastening of them in place by the nut or neck of
the oil reservoir, but means of holding down the spindle supporter or the receiver.
In some cases but one of the leather or yielding annuli may be employed as above
explained. Each of them in this instance serves a double purpose, viz., not only to
prevent the fastening screws from working loose, but to cause the spindle to run
steadier and with less noise than it would be likely to do were the annulus or
annuli dispenced with.
What I claim as my Invention is as follows, viz: :—
1. The combination of the eccentrically bored stop carrier with the eccentrically
-bored and revoluble bolster arranged in such carrier as set forth.
2. The combination of the eccentrically bored step carrier and the eccentrically
.bored and revoluble bolster with the step arranged at the foot of such carrier, and
with the spindle arranged in the bore of the bolster and resting on the step, as set
forth.
3. The eccentrically bored and contractile step carrier, substantially as
described.
4. The combination of the eccentrically bored and contractile step carrier and
its step with the supporting rail and clamp screw and the eccentrically bored
bolster adapted to receive the spindle as explained.
5. The spindle provided with the flange near its foot, and with the screw and
.shoulder for supporting the whorl in combination with the bolster and step carrier,
as described.
6. The spindle provided with the open wick chamber and its oil escape passage
in combination with the bolster and the step and its carrier arranged and applied
substantially as set forth.
7. The combination of the oil passage with the tubular step carrier and separate
bolster arranged as represented.
8. The combination of the oil reservoir with the tubular step carrier, step and
bolster and with the spindle provided with the wick chamber and its discharging
orifice, all being arranged substantially in manner and to operate as set
forth.
-
9. The combination of the oil reservoir with the tubular step carrier, step and
bolster, and with the spindle provided with the wick chamber and its discharging
orifice, and with a wick or device arranged in such chamber and being for raising
or elevating the oil therein as explained.
10. The spindle provided with the open wick chamber and its discharging orifice

page_text: and with a wick or device arranged in such chamber, and for raising or elevating
oil therein, as set forth.
11. The combination of the spindle and ring with the eccentrically bored bolster
applied to the spindle, and with the eccentrically bored step carrier or bolster
supporter encompassing the bolster and sustained by the spindle rail, all being
essentially as explained.
12. The spindle provided with the open wick chamber and its oil escape passage
in combination with the bolster and with the spindle supporting step provided with
an oil passage as and leading through it, as set forth.
13. The combination of the spindle provided with the whorl, bolster and flange
as described with the spindle stopper arranged so as to act against the upper
inclined surface of the groove of the whorl as set forth.
14. The combination of the spindle stopper with the oil reservoir, and its step
and bolster, and with the spindle thereof provided with the whorl, all being
essentially as described.
15. The combination of an eccentrically bored spindle supporter and its
eccentrically bored receiver having heads as set forth, with a clamping device or
an oil reservoir screwed on the shank of either the supporter or receiver and
against the sustaining rail or an interposed device or washer, as set forth.
16. The combination of one or both the yielding annuli or washers with the
spindle rail, the headed and eccentrically bore spindle supporter and the headed
and eccentrically bored receiver, and also with a clamping device or oil reservoir
screwed on the shank of either the receiver or the supporter and against the rail or
an interposed device or washer, all being substantially as set forth.
17. The combination of the spindle having an oil elevator as explained with the
oil reservoir and with the spindle supporter extending within such reservoir and
provided with a return oil passage as set forth.
18. The eccentrically bored spindle supporter headed or flanged at and chambered
in its upper part essentially as represented and provided with a stud or screw
extending through the flange or head into the chamber in combination with the
spindle having a flange to enter the chamber and to be held therein by the said
screw.
19. The combination of the eccentrically bored spindle supporter flanged and
chambered at top and provided with a stud or screw as described with the
eccentrically bored receiver chambered at top to receive and encompass the flange
of the said supporter and hold its screw in place as set forth.
20. The combination of the spindle having an oil elevator with the oil reservoir,
and with the spindle supporter chambered at its upper end and extended within
the reservoir, and having a return oil passage to lead from the chamber into the
reservoir.
21. The oil reservoir having the trough and its educt arranged as repre-
sented.
22. The combination of a revoluble eccentrically bored spindle supporting com-
bined step and bolster with a revoluble eccentrically bored receiver encompassing
it and extending into or to be arranged within the spindle support rail as set forth,
the said eccentrically bored receiver and combined step and bolster being to effect
by being revolved within the rail socket adjustment of the spindle into concentricity
with the traveller ring thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Warren Wattles, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of August, 1879.
TV at 60
2