Improvements in Igniting Apparatus for Gas and Oil Motor Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 26th Nov., 1891-Accepted, 2nd Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by THE GAS MOTOREN FABRIK DEUTZ, of Koeln-
Deutz, in the German Empire, Manufacturers.]
Improvements in Igniting Apparatus for Gas and Oil Motor
Engines.
1, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the construction of igniting apparatus described in the
Specification to Patent No. 11,444 of 1887, wherein an igniting tube surrounded
by a casing or chimney was heated externally to a red heat by a ring shaped
Bunsen's burner surrounding the base of the tube, to which an air supply was
admitted through lateral passages at the bottom of the casing. It has been found
by experience that with this arrangement the heating flame does not burn regularly
if the igniting tubes are not always of precisely the same diameter, or if the diameter
becomes altered by oxidation.
According to the present invention, the heating flame is rendered independent of
any variations in the diameter of the igniting tube by the employment of a burner-
disc having a number of inclined holes or small tubes directed towards the igniting
tube, the flames from which holes or tubes, being each surrounded by the air entering
through the lateral' passages, unite into one round the igniting tube, giving off their
greatest heat above such point of union.
The star shaped sectional form of the flame thus obtained offers to the said air
supply a considerable surface so that a complete combustion of the gases will take
place at the part to be heated, and no disturbance of the effect of the heating flame
will be produced by any alteration of the diameter of the tube.
Furthermore, the mode of fixing the igniting tube by screwing as indicated, in
the said prior Specification is not very convenient, and this mode of screwing
cannot be employed with defective tubes of refractory material such as porcelain,
fireclay &c. For effecting a fastening of the tubes which shall satisfy all require-
ments, arrangements are employed according to this invention which I will
proceed to describe with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings
in which
Figs. 1 and 2 shew arrangements for igniting tubes that are closed at one end
and are fixed at the other end, while
Figs. 3 and 4 shew arrangements for igniting tubes open at both ends.
In the arrangement shewn in vertical section at Fig. 1A is the Bunsen's burner
communicating with the regulating apparatus for the gas supply. Dis the burner
casing with mixing chamber d for mixing the air and gas; is the igniting channel
leading to the explosion chamber of the engine cylinder; is the igniting tube of
refractory material, the flanged open end of which is pressed by the burner disc C
against the elastic packing ring Z, the disc C being in its turn pressed down by
the chinney E which is screwed down on to the casing D which is shewn in
detached cross section at Fig. 1A and which is formed with an external screw thread
for this purpose.
The disc C has holes e which are inclined towards the igniting tube, and which
connect the mixing chamber d with the combustion chamber v. With the latter
also communicate the air holes i provided at tlie circumference of the chimney,
through which the requisite air supply passes to the flame, which is of a star shaped
section, as indicated at Figure 6.
ย
The heat produced by the perfect combustion in the chamber v is still further

page_text: increased by the heat radiated back from the refractory lining of the chimney,
which also becomes red hot. The combustion gases escape through the holes Lat
the circumference of the upper end of the chimney, the closed top K of which
serves as a protection against fragments of the igniting tube which might otherwise
be thrown out in the event of fracture.
The arrangement shewn at Fig. 2 only differs from the preceding one in that the
burner disc itself serves as the fastening for the igniting tube, being provided
with a screw thread at its periphery for screwing into the internal thread on the
casing D the disc being formed with a socket shaped extension in which are formed
the air holes i and into which is fitted the chimney E. This arrangement has the
advantage of the heating flame being accessible during working by the removal of
the chimney.
In the
Figs. 3 and 4 shew the mode of fixing igniting tubes open at both ends.
arrangement shewn at Fig. 3 the burner disc C is provided, in place of the holes e,
with small tubes el directed towards the igniting tube. The disc is also provided
with a cylindrical extension for the reception of a small piston n, which is pressed
inwards with elastic pressure against the end of the igniting tube by a helical
springs, abutting at its outer end against the cap m screwed on to the end of the
cylindrical extension.
By means of the said pressure the igniting tube is pressed firmly against the
elastic packing Z at each end of the tube; also, by the outward thrust of the
spring the disc C is pressed firmly against an annular seating in the burner casing,
50 that the igniting passage h is thereby effectually closed against the combustion
chamber and the latter is also closed against the mixing chamber d with the
exception of the tubes e¹. The air supply to the star shaped flame enters through
side openings as before.
i
Fig. 5 shews a section through the combustion chamber on line a.
In the arrangement shewn at Fig. 4 the spring pressing device for the igniting
tube is provided at the upper end of the chimney L, while the separation of the
mixing chamber from the combustion chamber is effected by the burner disc C
being pressed down by the screwed chimney as in Figure 1.
The mode of fixing the igniting tubes shewn.at Figs. 1 and 2.can also be applied
to horizontally placed igniting tubes.
.
The space for the reception of the products of combustion as described in the
said prior Patent can be arranged either in front of or behind the igniting tube; in
Fig. 3 it is shewn in front of the same. Should it be desirable in this arrangement
to provide such space beyond the igniting tube, this might readily be effected by
making the stem of the piston tubular and communicating with a chamber of any
desired size formed behind the cap:m.
Dated this 27th day of August 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Igniting Apparatus for Gas and Oil Motor
Engines.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chaucery Lane,
in the County of London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to the construction of igniting apparatus described in the
Specification to Patent No. 11,444 of 1887 wherein an igniting tube surrounded by
a casing or chimney was heated externally to a red heat by a ring shaped Bunsen's
burner surrounding the base of the tube, to which an air supply was admitted

page_text: through lateral passages at the bottom of the casing. It has been found by
experience that with this arrangement the heating flame does not burn.regularly if
the igniting tubes are not always of precisely the same diameter or if the diameter
becomes altered by oxidation.
According to the present invention the heating flame is rendered independent of
any variations in the diameter of the igniting tube by the employment of a burner-
disc having a number of inclined holes or sinall tubes directed towards the igniting
tube, the flames from which holes or tubes, being each surrounded by the air
entering through the lateral passages, unite into one flamo round the igniting tube,
giving off their greatest heat above such point of union.
The star-shaped sectional form of the flame thus obtained offers to the said air
supply a considerable surface so that a complete combustion of the gases will take
place at the part to be heated, and no disturbance of the effect of the heating flame
will be produced by any alteration of the diameter of the tube.
Furthermore, the mode of fixing the igniting tube by screwing as indicated in
the said prior Specification is not very convenient, and this mode of screwing
cannot be employed with defectively formed tubes of refractory material such as
porcelain, fireclay &c.
For effecting a fastening of the tubes which shall satisfy all requirements,
arrangements are employed according to this invention which 1 will proceed to
describe with reference to Figs. 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings, in which
Figs. 1 and 2 shew arrangements for igniting tubes that are closed at one end
and are fixed at the other end, while
Fig. 3 and 4 shew arrangements for igniting tubes open at both ends.
1'
:
In the arrangement shewn in vertical section at Fig. 1, A is the Bunsen's burner
communicating with the regulating apparatus for the gas supply. D is tlie burner
casing with mixing chamber d for mixing the air and gas; is the igniting channel
leading to the explosion cliamber of the engine cylinder; is the igniting tube of
refractory material, the flanged open end of which is pressed by the burner disc C
against the elastic packing ring 2, the disc C being in its turn pressed down by the
chimney E which is screwed down on to the casing D which is shown in detached
cross section at Fig. 14 and which is formed with an external screw thread for this
purpose.
The disc C has holes which are inclined towards the igniting tube, and which
connect the mixing chamber d with the combustion chamber r.
With the latter also communicate the air holes i provided at the circumference of
the chimney, through which the requisite air supply passes to the flame, which is
of a star shaped section, as indicated in plan at Fig. 6.
v
The heat produced by the perfect combustion in the chamber is still further
increased by the heat radiated back from the refractory lining of the chimney,
which also becomes red hot. The combustion gases escape through the holes Lat
the circumference of the upper end of the chimney, tho-closed top K of which
serves as a protection against fragments of the igniting tube which might otherwise
be thrown out in the event of fracture.
The arrangement shewn at Fig. 2 only differs from the preceding one in that the
burner disc Citself serves as the fastening for the igniting tube, being provided
with a screw thread at its periphery, by scrowing into the internal thread on the
casing D, the disc being formed with a socket-shaped extension in which are formed
the air holes i and into which is fitted the chimney E.
This arrangement has the advantage of the heating flame being accessible during
working by the removal of the chimney.
Figs. 3 and 4 shew the mode of fixing igniting tubes open at both ends. In the
arrangement shewn at Fig. 3, the burner disc C is provided, in place of the holes e,
with small tubes e directed towards the igniting tube.
The disc is also provided with a cylindrical extension for the reception of a
small piston.n, which is pressed inwards with elastic pressure against the end of the

page_text: igniting tube by a helical spring, abutting at its outer end against the cap m
screwed on to the end of the cylindrical extension.
By means of the said pressure the igniting tube is pressed firmly against the
elastic packing Z at the end of the tube, also, by the outward thrust of the spring
the disc C is pressed firmly against an annular seating in the burner casing, so that
the igniting passage is thereby effectually closed against the combustion chamber v
and the latter is also closed against the mixing chamber d with the exception of
the tubes e. The air supply to the star-shaped flame enters through side
openings as before.
Fig. 5 shews a section through the combustion chamber on liner.r.
In the arrangement shewn at Fig. 4, the spring pressing device for the igniting
tube is provided at the upper end of the chimney L, while the separation of the
mixing chamber from the combustion chamber is effected by the pressure of a
flange on the screwed chimney E upon the burner disc C, the cylindrical extension
of which abuts against a seat on the burner casing D.
The mode of fixing the igniting tubes shown at Figs. 1 and 2 can also be applied
to horizontally placed igniting tubes.
The space for the reception of the products.of.combustion as described in the
Buid prior Patent can be arranged either in front of or behind the igniting tube;
in Fig. 3 it is shewn in front of the same, while in Figs. 1, 2, and 4 it is shewn
beyond. Should it be desirable in Fig. 3 to provide such space beyond the
igniting tube, this might readily be effected by making the stem of the piston n
tubular and communicating with a chamber of any desired size formed behind the
cap m.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven=
sion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In igniting apparatus for gas or oil motor engines, of the kind herein referred
to, the rise of a burner disc such as C having separate small holes or passages
arranged round the igniting tube for supplying the combustible mixture to the
combustion chamber of the burner, substantially as described.
2. In igniting apparatus for gas or oil motor engines of the kind herein referred
to, securing the igniting tube by pressure by means of the screwed chimney E
and the burner disc C as described with reference to Fig. 1, or by means of the
screwed blirner disc C as described with reference to Fig. 2.
3. In igniting apparatus for gas or oil motor engines of the kind herein referred
to, securing the igniting tube by pressure by means of the piston n acted upon
by a springs and screw cap m, substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 3 and 4.
Dated this 26th day of November 1891.