Improvements in Package Making and Filling Machinery.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1893-Accepted, 18th Nov., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Package Making and Filling Machinery.
1, HENRY EYSTER SMYSER, Manufacturer, residing in Germantown, City of
Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My present invention provides certain improvements in auto:natic bag making,
filling and closing machines, the same being more particularly improvements upon
the machine shown and described in the Specification of my Letters Patent for
Great Britain No. 5589, dated 31st March 1891. Since applying for that Patent, I
have improved upon many of the details of the machine, and have added several
important features thereto, all being designed to render the operation of the
machine more perfect and complete.
My said packaging machine is designed to automatically take sheets of paper
from a pile, apply paste to them, and fold them around a former in order to form
paper bags which are closed at the bottom and left open at the top. These bags
as fast as they are formed are deposited in a succession of pockets or receptacles
carried around by a wheel. The material to be filled into the bags is subdivided by
measuring it or weighing it, and the required quantity of material is discharged
through a chute into an empty bag, after which the open top of the bag is folded
down and closed by appropriate mechanisms. The package thus completed is held
in the pocket and carried around beneath a heated plate or steam chamber to dry
the paste. Finally the package is lifted out of the pocket and pushed onto an
endless apron, which delivers it out of the machine.
The Specification of my said Letters Patent No. 5589 of 1891, shows an
automatic weighing mechanism for subdividing the material into equally weighed
portions. I have invented certain improvements upon this weighing mechanism
which are embodied and claimed in the Specification of my British Patent dated
March 21, 1893, No. 6026. The weighing mechanism is not illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, as it has no necessary relation to my present improvements,
which pertain solely to the package making and filling machinery.
The accompanying drawings illustrate my package making and filling machine,.
embodying all the improvements constituting my present invention.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation ;
Fig. 2 is a front end elevation ;
Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation showing only the gearing, the other parts being
omitted;
Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal mid-section ;
Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken in the planes denoted by the line 5--5
in Fig. 4;
Figs. 1 to 5 are on a smaller scale than the remaining figures;
Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6-6 in Fig. 4, looking toward the front,
and showing the mechanism for imparting motion to the paper carriers E E;
Figs. 64, 63 and 6° being detail views thereof;
Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary section through one of the carriers E and its
support;
Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation from the rear, of the mechanism for operating the
stripper H;
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the tilting table or matrix E';
Figs. 10 and 10 are side elevations showing the mechanism for operating this

page_text: Fig. 11 is a transverse section cut on the line 11-11 in Fig. 4, showing the
slides for carrying this matrix and the paste disk beneath;
Fig. 12 is a sectional plan showing the former F, matrix E', and folders G G¹ in
section ;
Fig. 13 is a fragmentary vertical section showing the mechanism for operating
the folder G;
Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the mounting for the two sections of the former F,
and showing one of the pockets 95 beneath;
Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation of the former F and folders G G¹ and their
supports;
Fig. 16 is a sectional plan of the mechanism for closing the bottoin of the bag;
Fig. 17 is an elevation of this mechanism partly in vertical section on the
line 17-17;
Figs. 18, 18 and 19 are sectional elevations of portions of this mechanism;
Fig. 20 is a plan, and Fig. 21 a longitudinal section of the bottom folders, the
latter cut on the line 21-21;
Fig. 22 is a perspective view of these folders;
Fig. 23 is an end view thereof; and Fig. 24 a cross-section on the line 24-24 in
Fig. 20;
Figs. 25 and 26 are transverse sectional elevations on a larger scale, showing the
final operation of closing the bag bottom;
Fig. 27 is a vertical longitudinal section on a smaller scale through the former
and pockets, showing the mechanism for drawing the bag down off from the former
and introducing it into a pocket; Fig. 27 being a side view of the upper part
thereof;
Fig. 28 is a fragmentary sectional elevation; and Fig. 28 a fragmentary plan,
showing the means for intermittently rotating the paste disk Ci
Fig. 29 is a sectional plan of the table J and the mechanism for driving the
wheel J carrying the pockets;
Fig. 30 is a vertical section thereof on the line 30-30 in Fig. 29;
Fig. 31 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse section on the line 31-31 in
Fig. 30;
Fig. 32 is a horizontal section taken beneath the table J;
Fig. 33 is a vertical section cut on an oblique plane denoted by the line 33-33
in Fig. 5, and showing the mechanism for filling the bag;
Fig. 34 is a perspective view of one of the pockets 95 detached;
Fig. 35 is a sectional elevation showing the mechanism for shaking down the bag
after filling;
'
Fig. 36 is an elevation of the mechanism for closing the top of the bag, being
partly in vertical transverse section; Fig. 36ª being a fragment thereof;
Fig. 37 is a fragmentary transverse section showing the plunger 198 and its
operating mechanism;
Figs. 38, 39 and 40 are horizontal sectional views showing details of the mechanism
for closing the top of the bag;
Fig. 41 is a sectional side view of a lever for centering the pocket during the
closing of the top of the bag; and Fig. 41 is a fragmentary plan showing its
operation;
Fig. 42 is a sectional elevation, viewed from the left, showing the mechanism
for lifting the completed package out of the pocket and sweeping in onto the
delivery belt ;
Fig. 43 is a plan of the latter mechanism;
Fig. 44 is a transverse section showing the mechanism for feeding a card and
delivering it into the bag; Fig. 44 being a detail thereof;
Fig. 45 is a fragmentary oblique elevation showing the operation of the card
feeding mechanism;
Fig. 46 shows the pneumatic sucker for picking up the cards, both in section and
plan;

page_text: Figs. 47 to 52 are perspective views illustrating the operation of forming the flat
sheet of paper into a bag; Fig. 47 showing the pasted sheet, Fig. 48 the folding of
the sheet partly around the former, Fig. 49 the completion of the paper tube,
Fig. 50 the first fold at the bottom, Fig. 51 the next folding operation, and Fig. 52
the completion of the bag;
Fig. 53 shows the bottom of the bag.
In its general features, my present machine is similar to the machine described
and shown in the Specification of my said Letters Patent No. 5589 of 1891; it
will therefore not be necessary to describe the same minutely, except as to the
various improvements and new features. In referring to the old features thereof,
I shall use in this Specification as far as possible the same reference letters or
numerals as are applied to the same or corresponding parts in my former
Specification.
I will first describe the operation performed in making the bag, and in filling
and completing the package.
Referring to Fig. 47, a is a sheet of paper to which paste is applied at b b, and
which is then picked up and bent around three sides of a former F, in the manner
shown in Fig. 48, this being done by a tilting table or matrix E¹ shown in dotted
lines. This matrix is best shown in Fig. 9, and the former F is best shown in
Fig. 14. The next operation is the folding down of first one projecting edge
against the fourth side of the former by a folding blade G, and immediately there-
after the folding down of the other projecting edge or flap by the folding roller G³,
as shown in Fig. 49 and in Fig. 12. This blade and roller are best shown in
Figs. 12, 13 and 15. The roller G¹ rolls over the pasted seam and unites it
securely to the other edge of the paper, thus forming the paper into a square tube
around the former. The folding blade 67 then advances and turns in the first
bottom flap c (Figs. 47 and 53) as shown in Fig. 50. At the same time two wing
folders 72 advance and enter inside the side flaps d d. These folders 72 then swing
outwardly as shown in Fig. 51, thereby turning out the triangular side flaps d, and
at the same time another folding blade 85 advances and lays down the pasted
fourth flap e smoothly against the first flap c. While the flaps d are held outward
by the wing folders 72, two pasters 81 come up from beneath and apply paste to
them, as shown in Fig. 51, whereupon they recede and the folders 72 swing
inwardly, turning the flaps d in to the angle shown in Fig. 25. At this instant a
plunger 96 ascending from beneath, comes against the flaps and holds them to
prevent their springing outward again, while the folders 72 slide back out of the
flaps, after which plunger 96 continues to rise, thereby folding in the flaps d, as
shown in Fig. 26. The several flaps are then squeezed tightly together between
the plunger 96 beneath and the plunger 90 above, which forms the bottom for the
former F. This completes the bag, as shown in Figs. 52 and 53.
The two plungers 90 and 96 then move downward, as shown in Fig. 27, holding
the bag bottom squeezed tightly between them, so that they draw the bag off the
former F and plunge it down into a pocket 95 standing directly beneath this
former, as shown in Fig. 14. This pocket 95 is one of a series of pockets the con-
struction of which is best shown in Fig. 34. Each pocket has a movable back
plate 161, which can be pushed in to contract the pocket. As soon as the bag has
thus been deposited in the pocket, this movable back plate 161 is moved in so that
the pocket firmly grasps the bag and holds it. The upper plunger 90 then ascends
again into the former F, and the series of pockets move forward to bring the next
pocket in the series beneath the former.
In this manner the pockets 95 are supplied one after another with open-mouthed
bags, and the pockets move intermittently forward, being carried by the rim J' of
a wheel. The pockets have open bottoms and slide over a circular table J (see
Figs. 14, 29 and 30). On arriving over an opening; (Fig. 29) the pocket stands
beneath a chute J', as shown in Fig. 33. The material is discharged into it
through this chute in any suitable way. As shown, the material previously weighed
into uniform charges is carried in a series of receptacles K K (Figs. 1 and 33)

page_text: which rotate intermittently and are dumped one after another as they reach the
chute J. They are dumped by an arm m (Fig. 1) operated from a cam w through
any convenient mechanism. If desired, a card f is dropped into the bag along with
the stream of material, as shown in Fig. 33.
While the material is entering the bag, the pocket 95 remains contracted to hold
and support the bag and prevent its being pressed or swelled open by the strain
of the entering material. As soon as the bag is filled, however, the pocket is
re-expanded to leave the bag free. The pocket then moves onward until it
stands over two pins 155, shown in Figs. 29 and 35. These pins are then rapidly
.vibrated upward so as to raise and drop the bag and thereby shake down its
contents.
The pocket is then advanced to the position where the top of the bag is closed
or folded in. The operation of closing the top of the bag is almost exactly the
same as that of closing the botton, differing therefrom only because of the necessity
for folding down against the yielding mass of material in the bag, instead of against
a rigid plate or plunger. On reaching this position the pocket stands over a
plunger 198, which normally is flush with the table J, but which immediately
descends to the position shown in Fig. 37, lowering the bag with it. It then
reascends, lifting the bag slowly, and at the same time a folding blade 185 advances
and turns in the back flap at the top of the bag, being followed by two wing
folders 184, as shown in Fig. 36. By this means the back flap is folded down flat
upon the loose mass of material in the bag. The wing folders 184 then turn
outward, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 40, thereby turning out the triangular
side flaps and drawing down the pasted front flap upon the back flap. At the same
time the folding blade 185 is retracted to avoid the pasted front flap, and the
opposite folding blade 192 (see Figs. 5 and 36) advances and presses down on top
of the bag to unite the front and back flaps. While the two triangular side flaps
are turned outward, two pasters 176 (see Figs. 1 and 36) move down and apply
paste to these flaps, and as they reascend the wing folders 184 swing inward, the
blade 192 at the same time retiring to get out of the way. A presser plate 180
(Fig. 36) then descends so that it holds the triangular side flaps while the wing
folders 184 are drawn back out of the flaps, and while these are receding the
plate 180 continues its descent and finally presses the side flaps down firmly upon
the top of the bag.
To hold the bag firmly during the operations of folding its top, the pocket 95
is a second time contracted as soon as the bag has been lifted by the plunger 198
to a level with the table J.
The next onward movement of the pocket carries the completed package under
a steam table or plate 203 (see Figs. 1 and 5) by which the package is heated in
order to dry the pasted seams.
On emerging from this steam table the package comes over a plunger 206
(Figs. 5 and 42) which stands flush with the table J. The pocket 95 is then again.
expanded to release the package, and immediately thereafter the plunger 206
ascends, as shown in Fig. 42, and lifts the package above the top of the pocket,
where it stands obliquely opposite an endless travelling apron 215. A lever or
sweep 216 then pushes the package off the plunger 206, turns it partly around,
and pushes it onto the apron 215, which carries it out of the machine.
plunger 206 then immediately descends through the empty pocket.
The
The several operations that are performed being thus understood, I will now
proceed to describe the mechanisms by which these operations are performed, and
in particular the improvements which I have introduced in such mechanisms.
The machine is driven from a shaft D¹ (Fig. 3) carrying worms which mesh
with worm wheels on two upright shafts g and h. The shaft g through bevel-
gears 231, 234, drives a horizontal cam-shaft 37. The shaft g also drives through
bevel gears 238 and 239 a longitudinal cam-shaft B, which in turn as shown in
Figs. 1 and 2, drives through gears 242 and 243, a transverse cam-shaft 19
upright shaft through gears 235 and 236, (Fig. 4) drives a horizontal cam-
The

page_text: shaft above, and through gears 240 and 241 (Fig. 3) drives a transverse cam-
shaft B. The several cam-shafts g h, 37, B, 19, and B³, all revolve in equal
time, making one revolution to each set of operations for making one bag, so that
a completed package is delivered from the machine at each revolution of these
shafts.
All the working parts are supported on a fixed frame A.
The paste table Ĉ and its distributer D are unaltered. The table C is rotated
intermittently from a cam 1 on the shaft 19, through a lever 2, arm 7¹, pawl 3 and
ratchet 4, as shown in Figs. 28 and 28^.
The sheets of paper a are piled upon a sloping table k (Fig. 2) and held between
guiding walls 50. The table k is supported on a feed screw 51, and is fed upwardly
to compensate for the thickness of each sheet of paper that is removed. A nut 52
propels the screw 51, being turned by a bevel gear 53 fixed on the shaft of a
ratchet-wheel 54 (Fig. 4) turned by a pawl 55 which is vibrated by a link 56
connected to an adjustable crank 57 carried on the shaft B, as shown in Fig. 2.
By adjusting the throw of the crank 57, the rate at which the table is elevated
can be varied as required.
The paper carriers E E are revolved intermittently one after another, receiving
paste from the table C, and descending upon the top sheet u, then carrying this
sheet to the table 12, and then carrying to the matrix E' which stands horizontally
to receive the sheet, while a stripper H (Figs. 4 and 8) descends and holds the
sheet down upon the matrix while the carrier E rises and disconnects itself from
the sheet. Each carrier has the same movements as heretofore, namely, it first
descends, then ascends, then advances a quarter of a revolution, again descends
and ascends, &c. For imparting these movements the carriers are connected
through a disk or plate 43 to a shaft 10 which slides up and down, being operated
by a cam 38 on shaft 37, through a lever 39 and link 41 (Fig. 6). The disk 43
has four holes 44 (Fig. 5) which are engaged in succession by a tooth 45 on an
oscillating arm 46, which is moved from a cam 49 (Fig. 6B) through a lever 48
and link 47, so that it swings through a quarter revolution. The shaft 10 carries
a plate 63 having four holes, which in turn come over four stationary guide pins 64
for preventing the rotative displacement of the shaft and carriers when by the
descent of the shaft the disk 43 is carried down out of engagement with the
tooth 45. As the arm 46 swings forward it carries the disk 43, shaft 10 and
carriers EE with it a quarter revolution, whereupon the shaft 10 descends, first
engaging the guide pins 64 and then disengaging the disk 43 from the tooth 45,
whereupon the arm 46 swings back ready to engage with the next hole 44 when
the shaft again rises.
The carriers E are connected to the shaft 10 through a yielding spring connection,
as shown in Fig. 7. Each carrier E consists of a Hat plate 9 pivoted on a cross-
bar 8 and pressed down at the rear or trailing side by a spring 7 fastened to
this bar.
An important improvement consists in a presser L for pressing down each
carrier E into firm contact with the paste table C to insure the carrier taking a
proper quantity of paste. The shape of this presser is shown in Figs. 6 and 6^.
It is mounted on a slide 250, and operated by a cam 251 (Fig. 6A) through a
lever 252 and link 253. As each carrier E descends upon the paste table C, the
presser L descends against the carrier and presses it firmly against the table, and
then rises out of the way in advance of the carrier.
The stripper H is mounted on a slide 32, and driven from a cam 36 on shaft 37
through the lever 35 and link 34 (Fig. 8).
The tilting table or matrix E' is constructed to tilt from a horizontal position,
as shown in dotted lines at 251 in Fig. 10, to a vertical position, and at the same
time to be moved toward the former F to the extent shown in dotted lines at 252.
This matrix instead of being mounted on a swinging lever as before, is now pivoted
to a slide 253 which slides in fixed ways 254 (Fig. 11). This slide is moved forward
and back by a cam 23 on shaft 19 (Fig. 104) which acts through lever 21 and

page_text: link 20. The matrix is hung beneath the slide on a shaft 18 having a crank-
arm 15 connected by a link 16 and lever 17 to a cam 13 (Fig. 10) by which the
tilting motions are imparted to the matrix. The middle portion of the matrix is
constructed with a movable plate 24', which normally stands flush with the
wings 14, 14 (see Fig. 9), and which is seated on springs 255 (Figs. 4 and 12) and
guided by pins 256. This plate 24' supports the paper, and as the matrix tilts to
the vertical position and moves against the former F, this plate 24' strikes the
former and is arrested thereby, holding the paper clamped against the former,
while the matrix advances and wraps the paper around the sides of the former, the
springs 255 meanwhile being compressed as shown in Fig. 12.
The folding blade G (Figs. 12 and 13) is mounted on a slide 25, and operated
from a cam 28 on the shaft 37 through a lever 27 and link 26. The opposite
folder GI now construct as a roller, which is carried by a slide 25' and driven
from a cam 28' on the shaft h through a lever 27' and link 26'. This roller G
first folds down the outer flap against the inner one, and then rolls back and forth
rapidly over the pasted seam in order to thoroughly unite it. This back and
forth motion is given by the portion 280 of the cam. The slides 25 and 25¹
work in bearings 257 carried by a saddle 258 (see Figs. 14 and 15).
To enable the machine to be adjusted to make bags of different sizes, the
former F is made in two parts 259 and 260, the part 259 being fixedly attached to
the frame A by a cross-frame 261 (Fig. 14), while the movable part 260 is
supported on the said saddle 258. This saddle is supported on the frames A A in
such manner that it can slide longitudinally along them, being held to them by
screws 262 passing through slots in the saddle. The saddle is moved by a screw-
threaded rod 60 (see Fig. 4) having a hand-wheel 60' at the end of the machine.
By this adjustment the package may be made larger or smaller, according as the
bulk of its contents may vary, and the adjustment can be made whenever necessary,
without stopping the machine. This adjustment of the saddle not only makes the
former F wider or narrower, but at the same time effects a proportionate adjustment
of the position of the folders G G' by which they are kept always in the proper
relation to the movable part of the former.
Referring to Figs. 16 and 17, I will now describe the mechanisin for closing the
bottom of the bag. The first folding blade 67 is mounted on a slide 671 which
works through a slide 78, which in turn slides on a bed plate 66 (see Figs. 17
to 24). The slide 67¹ is worked through a link 68 and lever 69 from a cam 70 on
the shaft B (Fig. 17). In order to more easily turn in the first fold at the bottom
of the bag, I have added to the first folding blade 67, an oblique blade 263 (see
Figs. 21 and 22). This oblique blade first strikes the paper and turns it up
gradually, preventing any possible cutting or tearing of the paper by the end of
the blade 67. It is cut away at 272 on both sides to afford room for the folders 72
to work in.
The folders 72 are mounted as heretofore on shafts 73, cut with pinion teeth to be
engaged by sliding racks 74 for oscillating the folders. They are carried by the
slide 78 (see Fig. 21) which is reciprocated by a link 79 and lever 80 (Fig. 17)
from a cam 71 (Fig. 174). The cross-racks 74 slide in guides on the bed plate 66,
and are actuated through a link 75 and lever 76 from a cam 77 on the shaft h
(see Fig. 16).
The opposite folding blade 85, instead of being mounted on a lever as formerly,
which gave it a swinging motion, is attached to a slide 264 which slides in ways on
a plate 265 (Figs. 11, 16 and 17), so that the blade now has a straight parallel
motion. This slide is reciprocated through a link 87 and lever 88 from a cam 89
on the shaft 19 (Fig. 17).
The bottom flap pasters 81 81 which paste the triangular side flaps as they are
turned outward by the wing folders 72, instead of dipping into a vessel of glue as
formerly, are now constructed to take paste from a rotary paste table 82, which is
conveniently carried on the slide 264, and which is rotated by a ratchet and pawl
(Fig. 16) the latter carried by an arm 266 connected by a link 267 with any fixed

page_text: part, so that as the slide reciprocates the paste table is intermittently revolved.
It carries a paste distributer 268 (Fig. 4) which may be like the distributer D.
The pasters 81 are formed on arms fixed on an oscillatory shaft 269 mounted in
fixed bearings 270. This shaft is oscillated by a pinion 271 fixed on it and meshing
with a rack 273 (Fig. 18A) which slides vertically and is driven from a cam 84 on
the shaft B through a lever 83 and link, as shown in Fig. 19.
The cams 89 and 84 are shaped to impart certain peculiar co-operative movements
to the pasters 81 and slide 264 carrying the folding blade 85 and paste table 82.
The pasters 81 move to the extent indicated in Fig. 184. While swung clear back
to the position shown at 275, the slide 264 advances sufficiently to bring the paste
table 82 under the pasters 81, whereupon the latter descend and take paste from
the table, as shown in Fig. 18. They then rise slightly and the slide
64 is
retracted sufficiently to enable the pasters to swing downwardly, whereupon they
move to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 18. During this time the slide 264
advances, and continues to advance, to cause the blade 85 to fold up the front flap of
the bag bottom, while the triangular side flaps are being turned outwardly. The
pasters 81 then move up quickly to the position shown at 274 in Fig. 18, and press
against the side flaps to apply paste to them, and then instantly move backward.
Then as the side flaps are swung inward by the wing folders 72, the slide 264 is
drawn back to retract the blade 85 out of the way of the pasted surfaces, and
during the said movement the pasters 81 swing up to the position 275 again. The
downward movement of the pasters in taking paste is imparted by the portion 276
of the cam 81, while their upward movement in applying paste is imparted by the
portion 277.
Referring to Fig. 34, the several pockets 95 are constructed with a movable
or sliding back wall 161 guided by sliding pins 277. These pins project beyond
the front or outer side of the pockets, as shown in Figs. 14 and 29. To hold the
back wall frictionally in either position, adjustable springs 278 are provided on the
sides of the pocket to press against these pins. The several pockets are fastened
by lugs 279 around the rim of a wheel J (Figs. 27, 29 and 30), which is mounted
on a central shaft 101. The movement of this wheel slides the pockets around
intermittently over a table J (Fig. 29). For propelling the wheel J'intermittently,
it is formed with notches 102 which are entered by the end of a bolt 281 (Figs. 29
to 32), which is mounted to slide longitudinally (see Fig 31) in a swinging arm 108.
This arm is vibrated the distance from one pocket to the next by a eam 111 on the
shaft g (Fig. 29) acting through a lever 110 and link 109. The bolt 281 is slid out
and in by a cam 282 (Fig. 32) acting through an elbow-lever 283 and link 284.
Starting in the position shown in Fig. 29, the arm 108 is swung back to bring the
bolt 281 opposite the next notch 102; the bolt is then pushed out to enter this
notch; the arm 108 is then swung forward thereby propelling the wheel and
pockets 95 with it, and after bringing them to rest the bolt 281 is retracted free
from the notch, and the arm 108 again swings back, etc.
While completing the folding of the bottom of the bag, an empty pocket 95
comes directly beneath the former F and over the plunger 96. This plunger is
mounted on a vertical slide 96¹ and driven through a link 98 and lever 99 from a
cam 100 on the shaft B³ (Fig. 27). The plunger 90 within the former F is mounted
on a slide 91 working in a slideway 92, and driven through a lever 93 from a cain 94
on the shaft 37, (Figs. 27 and 274). After the two plungers have grasped the bag
bottom between them and carried the bag down into the pocket 95 as described,
the pocket is contracted to grasp the bag and thereby prevent the possibility of its
being carried upward when the plunger 90 reascends. This is an important
improvement over my former machine. The mechanism for contracting the pocket
consists of a lever 285 operated through a link 286 and lever 287 from a cam 288
on shaft 19 (Fig. 27). The arm 285 moves against the thickened projection of
the rear wall 161 of the pocket and forces this wall inward to grasp the bag. To
adjust the extent to which the pocket shall close upon the bag, an adjusting
screw 289 is introduced between link 286 and lever 287.

page_text: As the plunger 90 reascends, it pauses before it completes its upstroke and
remains stationary a moment, this being caused by the portion 294 of the cam
(Fig. 27). The plunger is formed with a wall 290 extending partly around it,
and while it thus pauses this wall projects beneath the former F as shown in Fig. 10,
and remains so during the operation of the matrix in wrapping the next sheet of
paper around the former, so that it prevents any liability of the portion of paper
projecting beneath the bottom of the former from becoming doubled under the
former, and insures its being shaped into a straight tube.
When the pocket carrying the empty bag reaches the position over the openings;
(Fig. 29) it is filled with material, as shown in Fig. 33. While being filled, the
pocket continues contracted so as to firmly support the bag as described, which
constitutes a further important improvement.
After the bag has been filled, the pocket is then re-expanded to release the bag.
This is done by the mechanism shown in Figs. 29, 32 and 33. A pusher 291 is
mounted on a slide 292, which is connected by a link 293 to a lever 295. This
lever is oscillated from the cam 282 through a link 296 (Fig. 32). Simultaneously
with the retraction of the bolt 281, the pusher 291 advances and striking the
projecting ends of the pins 277 on the pocket, it pushes them back and thereby
pushes back the movable wall 161. The pusher is adjustable by a screw 294 to
vary the extent to which the pocket is re-expanded, to adapt it for varying sizes
of packages.
The next movement brings the pocket over the pins 155 (Fig. 29), where the
contents of the bag are shaken down as shown in Fig. 35. The pins are mounted
on a spring 156, which is vibrated from a notched wheel or cam 159 on the shaft B,
through the medium of a lever 157 having a tooth 158.
The next movement brings the pocket over the plunger 198 (Fig. 29) in the
position for closing the top of the bag. The plunger 198 is mounted on a vertical
slide 1981 (Fig. 37) and operated from a cam 201 on the shaft B through a lever 200
and link 199.
As the plunger 198 after having dropped the bag raises it again to the level of
the table J, the pocket 95 is once more contracted to firmly hold the package.
This is done by a roller 162 on a lever 297 connected by a link 164 and lever 165
to a cam 166 on the shaft B (see Fig. 36). To adjust the extent to which the
pocket shall close against the bag, a screw 298 is provided engaging the link 164
and lever 165 as shown. In order to yield somewhat in compressing the package,
a spring 299 is interposed through which the pressure is communicated from the
lever 165 to the link 164, so that slight variations in the size of the packages are
automatically compensated for.
In order to exactly center the pocket during the operation of closing the top of
the bag, and to hold it inmovably so as to prevent any possible derangement of
this operation, I provide a locking lever 300, best shown in Figs. 41 and 414, having
an arm 301, operated by a cam 302 on the shaft B. The upper end of the lever 300
has forked arms 303 terminating in rollers which embrace between them the opposite
sides of the pocket 95, as shown in Fig. 41. Before the next forward movement
of the pockets this lever 300 is retracted out of the way.
The first top folding blade 185 is fixed on a slide 185 (Fig. 38) and driven from
a cam 191 on the shaft h through a lever 191 and link 191. The wing
folders 184, 184, are of the same construction as the corresponding wing folders 72.
They are mounted on a slide 184', which is reciprocated from a cam 187 on the
shaft h from a lever 186, as shown in Fig. 39. The folders 184 are oscillated by a
sliding rack 188, driven through link 189 and lever 190 from a cam 191 on the
shaft g, as shown in Fig. 40.
The opposite folding blade 192 carries a roller 193 and is mounted on a slide 194
through the medium of a spring 194' (Fig. 36). The slide 194 is reciprocated by
a link 195 and lever 196 from a cam 197 (Fig. 5) on the shaft g.
The presser plate 180 is connected to a slide 181 (Fig. 36) which is operated by
a link 181 and a lever 1821 from a cam 182 on the shaft 37 (Fig. 36ª).

page_text: The side flap pasters 176, 176, are mounted on upright rods 176¹ connected
through springs 177¹ to a slide 177 (Fig. 36) which is operated through lever 178'
and link 178 from a cam 179 on the shaft 37.
These pasters take paste from a paste table 167 carried on a slide 172 (Fig. 36)
which is reciprocated through a link 173 and lever 174, from a cam 175 on shaft h
(see Fig. 5). The paste table is rotated intermittently by a ratchet wheel 168
fixed to it and engaged by a pawl 169 on a pivoted arm 170, which is connected by
a link 171 to any fixed part (Fig. 5) so that as the slide reciprocates the table is
turned.
The operation of the pasters 176 and table 167 is as follows:-The pasters
ascend to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 36, whereupon the paste table 167
moves out under them to the position shown in dotted lines; the pasters then
descend against the table to take paste therefrom, and then reascend, this movement
being caused by the portion 304 of cam 179; the table 167 then moves back out
from under the pasters and they slowly descend while the folders 184 are operating,
and after the latter have turned the side flaps out flat, the pasters move down and
twice press against them to apply paste, this being accomplished by the
portions 305, 306 of the cam, after which the pasters reascend while the folders 184
turn in the flaps.
The presser plate 180 bas two motions. When the folders 184 first turn outward
and thereby draw down the top of the bag, and the blade 192 advances, the
plate 180 descends and presses against the roller 193 to press the blade 192 down
firmly to flatten the top of the package. The plate 180 remains stationary while
the blade 192 is being withdrawn, and after the folders 184 have turned the
flaps inward, the plate 180 descends to hold them and press them down flat upon
the top of the package, after which it rises far enough to let the pocket 95
feed the package beneath the steam table; it then again rises to the position
shown.
When the pocket emerges from under the steam table it comes over an
opening 306 (Fig. 29) and the pocket is then expanded to release the package.
This is done by a pusher 307 mounted on a slide 308 (Figs. 30 and 32) which is
moved by a link 309 connected to the lever 295. As the bolt 281 is retracted, the
pusher 307 advances and presses in the projecting ends of the pins 277, thereby
pushing in the movable back of the pocket. This operation is completed so as to
free the package before the package begins to be lifted by the plunger 206, which
constitutes an important improvement over the former construction.
The lifting out plunger 206 (Fig. 42) is mounted on a vertical slide and driven
through a link 207 and lever 208 from a cam 209 on the shaft B³. The sweep 216,
which is an improvement upon the former construction, is a lever pivoted at 305
and vibrated from a cam 220 on the shaft 19 through a lever 219 and link 218.
The endless apron 215 is driven by a chain 226 (Fig. 4) from a sprocket-wheel 227
(Fig. 2) on the shaft 19.
An important addition to my former machine consists in means for dropping a
card finto the bag along with the mass of material, as shown in Fig. 33. Such a
card may contain any desired advertisement or directions for use, or it may be
intended solely to stiffen one side of the package. It is dropped in at the same
instant that the stream of material enters the bag, so that as it falls the material
keeps it pressed close against the outer side of the bag and prevents it from
falling over within the bag. The falling stream of material also insures that
the card shall be carried down fully into the bag. A pile of the cards is
placed on a table p, which is mounted on a spring supported rod 310.
pneumatic picker or sucker 9 mounted on a tubular arm 311, moves down into
contact with the top of this pile of cards, and by means of suction attaches
itself to the uppermost card (see Fig. 44); it then lifts to the position shown
in dotted lines at 312 in Fig. 45; it then swings around to the position shown
in full lines at 313; and it then descends to 314, or far enough to insert the
A
B

page_text: lower edge of the card f within the top of the bag. At this instant the suction
ceases, and the card is dropped off from the sucker and falls into the bag with
the stream of material, as shown in Fig. 33.
The pneumatic suction is generated by a cylinder 315 (Fig. 44) in which works a
gravity plunger 316 which is operated through a lever 317 from a cam 318 on the
shaft B. The cylinder 315 is connected through a flexible tube 319 with the
tubular arm 311 carrying the sucker q. When the sucker 9 descends upon the pile
of cards, the cam 318 causes the plunger 316 to descend, thereby creating a suction,
and when the sucker reaches the position 314 the cam again lifts the plunger 316,
thereby expelling the air and causing the sucker to drop the card. The plunger
will be made lighter or heavier according to the degree of suction required.
The tubular arm 311 is pivoted at 320 to a slide 321, and is provided with a
crank-arm 322 which is connected by a link 323 to a lever 324, which is actuated
by a cam 325 (Fig. 44) on the shaft i. The slide 321 is connected by a link 326
and lever 327 (Fig. 44) to a cam 328 (Fig. 44A) on the shaft i.
Starting from the position shown in Fig. 44, the levers 324 and 327 both lift
together to cause the sucker to ascend to the position 312 (Fig. 45); then the
lever 327 remains stationary while the lever 324 descends to swing the sucker to
the position 313; thereupon both levers descend together to bring the sucker to
the position 314. After the card is dropped off the positive movements are
performed, the sucker moving back first to position 313, then swinging around to
312, and again descending to pick up another card.
The construction of the sucker is shown in Fig. 46. It is made of a rigid
plate 329, to which is attached an elastic indiarubber foot 330, having a continuous
rim, and formed with cross partitions 331 with air passages 332 above them.
My improved machine is capable of rapidly making and filling bags or packages
of uniform size and weight, and operates with great accuracy, thereby overcoming
certain practical difficulties which were found to exist in my machine as formerly
constructed. The paper from which the bags are made may be printed so as to
bring the printed matter upon any or all of the outer sides of the package, and
stiff paper may be used so as to make a strong and durable package.
It will be understood that my invention is susceptible of considerable modification
without departing from its essential features. For example, the pockets 95 might
be otherwise constructed so as to be capable of expanding and contracting; and
the picker for lifting the card f, instead of being constructed as a pneumatic
sucker, might be constructed to mechanically grasp the card. The several cams
and levers for communicating motion to the respective working parts might also be
varied considerably as convenience might dictate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
:-
1. The described presser plate L constructed to descend upon the successive
carriers E while the latter are down upon the paste table to press the carriers
firmly against it to ensure their taking paste therefrom, substantially as specified.
2. The tilting matrix El having the described operation, pivoted upon a slide 253,
so that it shall have a straight parallel motion, substantially as specified.
3. Constructing the matrix E¹ with a movable plate 24' supported on springs,
to clamp the sheet of paper against the former F and hold it firmly while the
wings of the matrix are folding it around the former, substantially as specified.
4. The folding roller G¹ constructed to roll back and forth over the pasted seam
of the paper tube, to ensure its uniting securely to the opposite flap, substantially
as specified.
5. The former F made in two parts so that it is adjustable for bags of different
sizes, having an adjusting screw 60 by which it can be adjusted while the machine
is running, substantially as specified.
6. The movable part 260 of the former F supported on a movable saddle, so that

page_text: by sliding the saddle it is moved toward or from the fixed part, substantially as
specified.
7. The folders G G' mounted to be adjusted simultaneously with the movable
part 260 of the former F, against which they work, so that they always retain the
Bame operative relation thereto, substantially as specified.
8. The blade 69 for making the first fold in closing the bag bottom, having the
downwardly-projecting blade 263 added to it, for starting the fold and avoiding any
tearing of the paper, substantially as specified.
9. The folding blade 85 mounted on the slide 264 to give it a straight parallel
motion, substantially as specified.
10. The bottom flap pasters 81, 81 having an oscillatory motion, taking paste
from a paste 'table 82 and swinging up to apply paste to the flaps, substantially as
specified.
11. The pasters 81, 81 mounted to swing backward and upward, the reciprocating
paste table 82 moving under them, the pasters then descending to take paste from
the table and rising again, the table then moving out from under the pasters, and
the pasters then swinging downward and forward to apply paste to the bottom flaps,
substantially in the manner specified.
.
12. The paste table 82 and folding blade 85 both mounted on the same slide 264,
which is reciprocated as described to give the required movements to both the
blade and table, substantially as specified.
13. The plunger 90 working through the former F down into the pockets 95,
constructed to pause on its upstroke in position to form a downward continuation of
the former, remaining there while the matrix is folding the sheet of paper around
the former, substantially in the manner described.
14. A step-by-step feed for intermittently advancing the wheel J¹ carrying the
pockets 95, consisting of a bolt 281 sliding on a swinging arm 108, with cam
mechanism for protruding the bolt to enter a notch 102, swinging the arm forward
to advance the wheel, then retracting the bolt, and then swinging the arm back to
the starting position, substantially in the manner specified.
15. The described construction of the expansible pockets 95 with friction springs
for imparting the friction necessary to hold the movable wall of the pocket in its
expanded or contracted position, substantially as specified.
16. The construction of the pockets 95 with movable wall 161 having sliding
pins 277 projecting beyond the front side of the pocket, so that a pusher 291 or 307
by acting against these pins can push back the movable wall and expand the pocket,
substantially in the manner specified.
17. The means for contracting the pocket 95 after the plungers 90 and 96 have
carried a bag down into the pocket so that the pocket shall grasp the bag while
the plunger 90 is re-ascending, so that in case the bag adheres to this plunger the
plunger cannot lift the bag with it, substantially as specified.
18. The special mechanism for so contracting the pocket cousisting of the
lever 285 for pressing in the movable back wall 161 operated from a cam 288,
substantially as described.
19. In combination with means for so contracting the pocket, a screw adjustment
such as 289 by which the extent of contraction of the pocket can be varied, in the
manner described.
20. Holding the pocket 95 contracted while dumping the material into the bag
in order that it shall support the bag and prevent its being burst or expanded by
the pressure of the material, substantially as described.
21. Expanding the pocket 95 to release the bag before the operation of the
shaking down mechanism, so that while being shaken down the bag may freely rise
and fall in the pocket, substantially as described.
22. The plunger 291 for expanding the pocket before the bag is shaken down,
mounted on a slide 292 and connected to the mechanism for operating the bolt 281,
substantially as specified.
23. The plunger 291 for expanding the pocket, having an adjusting screw 294

page_text: for determining the extent to which the pocket shall be expanded, substantially as
specified.
24. The special device such as the lever 300, for separately bringing each pocket
to a central position before the mechanisms for closing the top of the bag
commence to operate, in order to ensure their correct operation, substantially as
specified.
25. The screw adjustment 298 for regulating the extent to which the pocket
shall be contracted to hold the bag during the operation of closing its top,
substantially as specified.
26. A spring through which the movement for contracting the pocket is
transmitted such as the spring 299 introduced between the cam lever 165 and
the lever 297 which contracts the pocket, in order that the contraction of the
pocket may be effected yieldingly so as to adjust itself to the exact size of the
package, substantially as specified.
27. The means for expanding the pocket before the completed package begins to
be pushed out by the plunger 206, in order that the package may be lifted out
freely, substantially as specified.
28. The means for so expanding the pocket consisting of the pusher 307 mounted
on a slide 308 and connected to the mechanism for operating the bolt 281,
substantially as specified.
29. The swinging lever or sweep 216 for pushing the package off from the
plunger 206, turning it partly around and delivering it onto the belt 215,
substantially as specified.
30. In an automatic package filling machine, the means for dropping a card f
into the bag along with the stream of material, so that the card is carried in and
held against one side of the bag, in substantially the manner specified.
31. A mechanism for inserting a card f constructed to automatically pick up
a card from a pile, carry it to the bag, and drop it into the bag, in substantially the
manner specified.
32. The card picker q mounted on a swinging arm, picking up a card from
a horizontal pile, swinging it to a vertical position, and dropping the card into the
bag, in substantially the manner specified.
g
33. The automatic card picker q mounted on a swinging arm, constructed to pick
up a card from a pile, lift it vertically, then swing around to bring the card over
the bag, then descend to insert the card into the bag, and then release the card, in
substantially the manner specified.
g
34. The card picker q constructed as a pneumatic sucker, connected through a
hollow arm 311 and tube 319 to a pneumatic cylinder 315 having a plunger 316
operated to cause the picker to suck up a card, and at the proper instant to release
it, substantially as specified.
35. The card picker 9 mounted on a swinging arm 311 pivoted to a slide 321,
with a cam 328 for raising and lowering this slide, and a cam 325 co-operating with
it to impart the swinging movements to the arm, substantially as specified.
Dated this 21st day of September 1893.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.