IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROLLING OR COGGING INGOTS AND FOR ROLLING BLOOMS INTO BARS OR RAILS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Evans, Engineer to the Blaenavon Iron and Steel
Company, Limited of Blaenavon in the county of Monmouth for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROLLING OR COGGING INGOTS AND
FOR ROLLING BLOOMS INTO BARS OR RAILS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Evans at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1883.
DAVID EVANS, Engineer to the Blaenavon Iron & Steel Company, Limited of
Blaenavon in the county of Monmouth "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
ROLLING OR COGGING INGOTS AND FOR ROLLING BLOOMS INTO BARS OR RAILS
.
33
My invention relates to improved appliances to rolling mills for rolling or
cogging ingots and for rolling blooms into bars or rails, whereby firstly, the ingot
or bloom is automatically turned over, after passing through one groove of the
rolls and is moved to the next groove, and secondly, whereby. the upper rolls
can be readily and rapidly lowered to any required extent after the ingot has
passed through, so that the ingot can be passed back again through the same
groove reduced in area. By these means, ingots or blooms are rolled or cogged
without any manual labor, resulting in a corresponding reduction of the cost of
manufacture, the whole of the various operations being governed by a boy, situated
at any convenient point, who opens or closes, by means of one or more levers,
the valves of the hydraulic or other apparatus that actuate the rolling mill and
ingots or blooms as I will now describe.
For raising and lowering the upper roll of the rolling mill, the bearings in which
the necks of the roll run are supported either by springs or by hydraulic or steam
cylinders under constant pressure, so that there is always a tendency to raise the
roll. Between the top of the bearings and the housing or framework, are situated
wedges, connected together, by a rod and to the piston or plunger of a hydraulic
cylinder, so that on admitting pressure to the latter, both wedges are either
simultaneously forced inwards between the housing and the bearings, thereby
depressing the roll to any extent desired, or the wedges are drawn outwards,
Prins 77

page_text: thereby allowing the first named bydraulic or steam cylinders or springs to raise
the roll again.
For turning over and shifting the ingot or bloom, there is situated beneath the
train of feeding rollers by which the ingot is fed into the grooves, one or more
vertical arms, so arranged that when the ingot has passed through the rolls, the
arms are raised up, and in catching against one side of the ingot, cant it up and
turn it over into a position at right angles to its former position. When this has
been effected, the arms have a lateral movement imparted to them, so as to push
the ingot upon the feeding rollers, until it is opposite the next groove of the rolls,
and on the ingot passing through this, the above operation is repeated. The
mechanism for imparting the said motions to the arm or arms may be variously
arranged; thus, according to one arrangement, the arms are carried in a frame
sliding in guides parallel with the rolls, and connected to the piston or plunger of a
hydraulic or steam cylinder, whereby the frame with its arms has the before-
mentioned lateral movement imparted to it. Beneath the lower ends of the
arms is an eccentric or cam sliding upon but revolving with a shaft which has
rotary motion imparted to it when required so as to cause the eccentric or cam to
lift the arms for effecting turning over of the ingot as described.
Although I have described the arrangement for raising and lowering the roll of
the rolling mill in combination with the arrangement for turning over and shifting
the ingot or bloom, yet it will be evident that these may also be employed separate
from each other, the method of raising and lowering the roll by wedge action, in
combination with a constant pressure, tending to raise the roll, being applicable
with great advantage in all cases for enabling one set of roughing rolls to
roll a greater number of different sections than can be done with the ordinary
constructions of roughing rolls.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said David Evans in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd November
1883.
DAVID EVANS, Engineer to the Blaenavon Iron and Steel Company, Limited
of Blaenavon in the County of Monmouth "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
ROLLING OR COGGING INGOTS AND FOR ROLLING BLOOMS INTO BARS OR RAILS
"">
My invention relates to improved appliances to rolling mills for rolling or
cogging ingots and for rolling blooms into bars or rails, whereby firstly, the ingot
or bloom is automatically turned over, after passing through one groove of the rolls
and is moved to the next groove, and secondly, whereby the upper rolls can be
readily and rapidly lowered to any required extent after the ingot has passed
through, so that the ingot can be passed back again through the same groove
reduced in area. By these means ingots or blooms are rolled or cogged without
any manual labor, resulting in a corresponding reduction of the cost of manu-
facture, the whole of the various operations being governed by a boy, situated at
any convenient point, who opens or closes, by means of one or more levers, the
valves of the hydraulic or other apparatus that actuate the rolling mill and ingots
or blooms as I will now describe.
For raising and lowering the upper roll of the rolling mill, the bearings in which
the necks of the roll run are supported either by springs or by hydraulic or steam
cylinders under constant pressure, so that there is always a tendency to raise the
roll. Between the top of the bearings and the housing or framework, are situated
wedges, connected together by a rod and to the piston or plunger of a hydraulic
cylinder, so that on admitting pressure to the latter, both wedges are either
simultaneously forced inwards between the housing and the bearings, thereby
depressing the roll to any desired extent, or the wedges are drawn outwards,
thereby allowing the first named hydraulic or steam. cylinders or springs to raise
the roll again.
For turning over and shifting the ingot or bloom, there is situated beneath the
train of feeding rollers by which the ingot is fed into the grooves, one or more
vertical arms, so arranged that when the ingot has passed through the rolls, the
arms are raised up, and in catching against one side of the ingot, cant it up and
turn it over into a position at right angles to its former position. When this has
been effected, the arins have a lateral movement imparted to them, so as to push.
the ingot upon the feeding rollers until it is opposite the next groove of the rolls,
and on the ingot passing through this, the above operation is repeated. The
mechanism for imparting the said motions to the arm or arms may be variously
arranged; thus, according to one arrangement, the arms are carried in a frame
sliding in guides parallel with the rolls and connected to the piston or plunger of
a hydraulic or steam cylinder, whereby the frame with its arms has the before
mentioned lateral movement imparted to it. Beneath the lower ends of the arms
is an eccentric, or cam, sliding upon but revolving with a shaft which has rotary
motion imparted to it when required so as to cause the eccentric or cam to lift the
arms for effecting the turning over of the ingot as described.
Although I have described the arrangement for raising and lowering the roll of
the rolling mill in combination with the arrangement for turning over and shifting:
the ingot or bloom, yet it will be evident that these may also be employed:
separate from each other, the method of raising and lowering the roll by wedge
action, in combination with a constant pressure, tending to raise the roll, being

page_text: Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shews a front view and Fig. 2 a cross
section of a pair of rolls with my first above described improvements applied thereto
for rapidly raising and lowering the upper roll.
The upper roll A is carried in bearings B, by preference constructed with
adjusting screws C C as shewn, to take up the wear of the brasses and prevent
any undue pressure on the neck of the roll. The bearings are carried on bars D,
pivotted at D1 to the housings, and connected at their other ends to links E
attached to a plunger working in a cylinder E and pressed upwards therein either
by steam or other fluid pressure, or by a helical spring, as at Fig. 3, so that there
is always a tendency to lift the upper roll upwards. The tops of the bearings work
between guides F attached to the housings and, these, as also the bearings, are
formed with grooves to receive wedges G connected together by a rod H, and to the
piston rod of a steam or hydraulic cylinder I, the supply of fluid pressure to which
is controlled by suitable valves actuated by levers or other gear from any
convenient point. Thus, assuming an ingot to have been run through the first
groove of the rolls, then on admitting fluid pressure behind the piston of the
cylinder, the wedges G will be forced inwards, thereby forcing the bearings B and
with them the upper roll downwards, so as to reduce to a certain extent the
section of the groove through which the ingot has just passed, whereupon this is
run back again through the same groove, the rolls being reversed, thus dispensing
with the operation of shifting it to the next following groove, as has heretofore
been done. The ingot having passed through, the wedges G are then drawn back
again whereupon the roll A will be raised to its original position again ready for
the ingot to be passed in a similar manner, first in the one direction and then in
the opposite one, through the next groove. One arrangement for turning over and
shifting the ingot from the one groove to the next, according to another part of
my invention is shewn in front view, side view and plan respectively at Figs. 4,
4 5 and 6 of the drawings. A frame K sliding in guides L L parallel to the rolls
situated below the feed rollers M of the rolling mill, carries three vertically sliding
arms N, connected together by a bar O at bottom, which rests upon an eccentric
disc P fixed on a shaft Q, between two links R R suspended from the frame and
supporting the end of the shaft Q. This shaft is carried at its other end in
bearings S and has thereon a spur wheel T which is caused by a feather and groove
to revolve with the shaft, while this can slide longitudinally through the same and
through the bearing S. The wheel T is in gear with a toothed rack formed on a
bar U connected to slides V moved to and fro by the piston rod of the hydraulic
or steam cylinder W, so that by this means the shaft Q and with it the eccentric
disc P can be turned so as to cause the arms N either to assume the lowered position
shewn at Fig. or the raised position shewn at Fig. 4º.
The frame K being connected to the piston rod of a steam or hydraulic
cylinder X, whereby it can be moved to any desired position along the guides L,
it will be seen that if the frame be brought beneath the ingot Y after it has passed.
through the rolls and the arms be then raised from the position shewn at Fig. 4 to
that at Fig 4, these will cant the ingot up on its edge and thus cause it to turn
over into a position at right angles to that which it previously occupied. If now,
the arms N still being raised, the frame be slid by the cylinder X to the required
extent to the left hand, the arms will push the ingot laterally upon the feeding
rollers until it has arrived at the desired position opposite the next groove of the
rolling mill. The ingot being now passed through the groove and back again after
the groove has been reduced in section as before described, and the arms N having

page_text: been at the same time lowered to the position shewn at Fig. 4 by turning the
shaft Q and eccentric P, the arms are again brought under the edge of the ingot
and then raised so as to turn it over as before described preparatory to bringing it
before the following groove of the roll, and so on, the entire operation from
beginning to end being thus carried on without manual labor.
Fig. 7 shews a plan and Fig 8 a front view of a modified arrangement for
actuating the arms N for turning over and moving the ingots. In this case, the
arms N are pivotted to the carriage K which is arranged to run on rails L, and
which carries the shaft Q having fixed thereon a series of eccentrics P, the rods of
which are connected to the arms N, so that by the rotation of the shaft Q the
eccentrics are caused to raise the arms from the position shewn in full lines into
that indicated in dotted lines at Fig. 8. The shaft Q is rotated by bevil gearing Q¹ Q³
from a shaft Q3, which is driven by an engine W, the bevil wheel Q2 on the
shaft Q3 being arranged to rotate with but to slide upon the same, so that as the
carriage K is moved to and fro by the engine X, the wheel Q is carried along by
the shaft Q by means of the bracket Q. The arms being brought in their lowered
position beneath the ingot Y, they are raised so as to cant it over, and then slide it
along on the feeding rollers M until it is brought before the desired groove.
Having thus described the nature of my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I claim :-
First. Effecting the lowering of the upper roll of a rolling mill by means of
wedges operating simultaneously on the two bearings of the roll and actuated by
a steam or hydraulic cylinder, the said bearings being at the same time acted
upon in an upward direction by steam or spring pressure, so that when the wedges
are more or less withdrawn, the roll is again raised, substantially as herein
described.
Second. The use, for automatically turning over ingots and moving them from
one groove of the rolls to another, of arms that are firstly raised up from below
the feed rollers by steam, hydraulic or other power, so as to cant the ingot over on
its edge, and that are then moved parallel with the rolls so as to push the ingot
opposite the required groove, substantially as herein described.
Third. The use of wedges operated by steam or hydraulic power for rapidly
lowering the upper roll of a rolling mill so as to vary the section of the grooves, in
combination with arms automatically raised up from below the feed rollers for
moving the ingot from one groove of the rolls to another, whereby the entire
operation of rolling or cogging ingots or blooms is carried on without manual
labor, substantially as herein described.
In Witness whereof I the said David Evans have hereunto set my hand and
seal this twenty first day of November in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-three.
Witness-JNO WOOTON
-
Blaenavon Mon
B. EDWARDS
-Witness-Blaenavon Mon
DAVID EVANS (L.S.)