Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1888
Specification Accepted. 14th Dec.. 1838
I BENJAMIN HOLBROOK of Chicago in the County of Cook, and State of Illinois,
United States of America do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to that class of Ventilators in which the consumption of oxygen
by combustion is relied on to create a draft of air, and the ascending heated currents
are relied on to carry off the unconsumed air and gas. As heretofore constructed a
gas jet or other flame has been arranged in an open tube or flue through the lower end
of which the air rises freely to and around the flame and through the upper end of
which the heated and expanded remnant of unconsumed air and gas passes away and
is discharged.
The action of the apparatus, as thus constituted is destitute of energy, slow, and of
little value for the purposes of ventilation. The object of my invention is to increase
the energy and efficiency of this class of ventilators, so as to render them capable of
exhausting large quantities of air in a comparatively short time.
In this class of ventilators, for purposes of convenience of description, the current
which rises to the flame from the apartment to be ventilated, may be termed the
supply current," and the current of unconsumed air and gas that rises from the flame
may be termed the "discharge current."
"
The principle of my invention consists in introducing into the apparatus a mode of
operation similar to that of the common blow pipe-that is to say-in reducing the
supply passage into a contracted orifice or orifices, and delivering the supply current
through said orifice or orifices directly into or against the flame which causes
immediately great energy of combustion the liberation of considerable heat, and the
establishment of an active current through the supply passage from the compartment
to be ventilated.
One of the best forms in which I have applied this principle is demonstrated its
great value in increasing the energy and efficiency of the ventilation, is represented
in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section and

page_text: A indicates an ordinary burner of any suitable description B, the passage by which
the "discharge current" escapes C, the passage through which the "supply current
ascends from the room to be ventilated, and d, the orifice through which the air blows
from the supply passage directly into and against the gas flame. In the form which
I have here shown, the supply passage extends in the form of a syphon from a point
below the level of the burner up above the gas flame, and then down along side of, or
around the discharge passage to a point opposite to the burner, so that the supply
current, when once started in motion is syphoned as it were to the burner, and is
heated more or less while on its way. This heating of the supply current is an
improvement but is not indispensable the main principle of my invention being
entirely independent of such preliminary heating. Except by way of improvement,
the form of the supply passage immaterial to the operation of my new principle of
ventilation ; and even the passage itself may be omitted and the jets of air introduced
directly from the apartment to be ventilated, by means of the small jet holes or slit d,
arranged to enable the air to blow immediately and directly into and against the flame
within the flue, the lower end of which is closed.
In my improvement it will be observed that the discharge passage is always separated
from tho supply passage or source of air by means of a partition or wall in passing
which the air is divided or reduced into a jet or jets and thus projected in a stream or
streams directly into or against the flame.
The burner is situated in a tube or chamber closed at its lower end, provided with a
sufficiently wide flue above for the escape of waste products and residue of combustion,
and with a lateral jet or orifice through which the supply air is concentrated into a
small or thin stream or streams and forced directly against the flame of the burner―
the whole being arranged so that the burning tends to produce a partial vacuum in
the lower end of the tube or chamber, while the heated column escaping through the
flue, prevents the air from entering downward through said fluo to supply the flame
with oxygen; and thus a strong draft is induced through the lateral jets or orifices
which impinges with great force directly against the flame and produces the effect of
a blow pipe thereon. The deflection of the flame laterally by the blow-pipe action
causes it to heat the wall of the tube or chamber and thus may incidentally increase the
upper draught through the escape flue and the inward rush of air through the lateral
jets or orifices.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is
1st. The combination of a ventilating flue provided with a contracted inlet orifice
and a burner arranged therein so that the orifice delivers the supply current in a
stream directly into and against the flame, substantially as described.
2nd. The combination of a ventilating flue provided with a contracted inlet orifice,
a burner arranged therein as described, and a supply flue or passage arranged so as to
confine the supply current around or in contact with the wall of the discharge flue,
whereby the supply current of air will be heated previous to its delivery into the flame,
substantially as described.
3rd. The combination of a tube or chamber closed at its lower end and terminating
in an escape flue at its upper end and a burner within it, said tube being provided
with a contracted inlet orifice which directs the incoming air into and against the
flame of the burner, creating a blow-pipe like action, substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of November 1888.
FELL & WILDING.
Agents for the Applicant.