An Improved Process for Inseparably Connecting CHO Knife Blades, Forks, Tools and other Objects to their Handles.
Year: 1888

page_text: An Improved Process for Inseparably Connecting
CHO
Knife Blades, Forks, Tools, and other Objects to their Handles.
I JOHANN OCKERMUELLER of the town of Altmannsdorf near Vienna, Austria,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to an improved process for inseparably connecting the stems
of knife blades, forks, tools and other objects to their handles by pouring a readily
melting metal or alloy into the bollow space in the handle and around the stem of the
object to be fixed to the same.
The most appropriate metals for my purpose are lead or zinc and the alloys of the
same.
My improved process consists of two main parts, one, filling out the hollow
bandle with molten metal, two, attaching the stem to the handle by means of a
suitable wire.
Although my improved process can be employed for fixing all kinds of tools and
other objects to their handles I will only describe the application of the same to
attach knives and forks to their handles as these objects are the most difficult to
treat.
Figures 1 to 5 represent a series of handles in elevation, and Figure 6 the vertical
section of a similar handle; these handles are provided with a boring a¹ for receiving
the stem a of the article to be attached to the same and when a wire is employed for
holding the stem with a boring e, for receiving the same.
The blade (Figure 7) or fork g (Figure 9) is provided with a stem a which said
stem has a boring e (Figure 8) at its lower end for receiving the hooked end of the
wire e (Figure 8) which is either clenched onto the end of the handle (Figure 12) or
rivetted to the same by upsetting the end of the wire.

page_text: The stem a with the wire e is placed in the boring a¹ of the handle h, the
molten metal poured in and the end of the wire e upset as represented at n in
Figure 10. Figure 11 shows a lateral boring or cavity i in the handle and through
which the molten metal is poured into the cavity or boring a¹ in the handle and
around the stem of the knife or fork so as to form a solid connection between the
handle and the stem a.
The metal remaining in the boring i forms a kind of rivet for further securing the
firm connection of the parts and especially so as in boring the cavity i the bore passes
somewhat beyond the boring or cavity a¹ and thus still further increases the stability
of the connection.
Figure 12 represents the wire e as clenched onto the lower end of the handle h
and embedded in the readily melting metal or alloy at a' thus producing a very nice
form of handle.
The part between the blade m and the shank or stem a can be of one piece with
the same or can consist of an extra cap or ferrule k.
•
Figures 13 and 14 represent the metallic cap or ferrule which is placed over the
shoulder of the handle, Figures 1 to 6, and is filled out by the molten metal or alloy
which later on passes also out of the boring e¹ at a².
Another kind of cap k is shown in Figure 15 the same being slotted to receive the
blade m and is also filled out with molten metal or alloy.
The simplest method is, however, to form the part from the readily melting
metal or alloy as represented in Figures 12, 25 and 26. If it is desired that the
shoulder or ring be in appearance of the same material as the blade the same can be
made of galvanized iron or other appropriate material and be slotted at s (Figure 16)
so that the blade can be inserted in the same. The hollow spaces are now filled out
with molten metal or alloy as aforedescribed, which will appear at c c (Figure 16)
above the ring or shoulder so as to give. this part the appearance of being of one piece
with the blade.
Figure 17 shows the part elevation and section of a similar kind of construction
to that represented by Fig. 14.
The rings k can also be made of one piece with the blade m and stem a as shown
in Figures 18 and 19 in which case the wire e can be omitted, the stem a being of
sufficient length.
The stems can be fixed in the handles by means of molten lead without employing
the attachment wire e, either by giving the boring a¹ a different form, for instance, a
screw-like construction (Figure 6), or the stem a can be made in helical shape,
Figure 21, corrugated, (Figure 22) or other desired or appropriate form and can be
employed either with or without the attachment wire e.
For tools which are subjected to great strain I prefer to use one or more rings p
(Figure 23) with diametrical borings which are filled out with molten metal which
when hard acts as rivets i for holding the stem of the tool.
The moulds F, F, employed for pouring in the molten metal are made to correspond
with the form of the handle used as represented in Figures 24, 25 and 26, Figure 24
representing the simplest kind of form or mould which is as customary made in two
halves with suitable mouth E and canal or channel o.
The molten metal or alloy poured in at the mouth E flows through the canal o
in the form or mould and the boring i into the handle so as to fill out the space a¹
around the stem a and below the cap k. In the form or mould shown in Figure 25
the molten metal or alloy flows through the canals o o into two borings in the
handle h, the said form or mould is also made of two pieces which as usual can be
readily put together by means of the guide studs ƒ ƒ.
Figure 26 represents the lower half of a form or mould in which the part k
between handle h and blade m and the lower end a² of the handle are cast full. The
aforedescribed process is so extremely simple that a failure in the operation is almost
impossible and a firmer connection cannot be employed. The molten metal or alloy
which remains visible after cooling at ii will give the handles the appearance of
rivetted stems or can be employed for applying a small trade mark.

page_text: Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed I desire it to be understood that
what I claim is
-
A process for producing a firm connection between the stems of knife blades, forks,
tools and other objects and their handles by means of molten metal or alloy in such
manner that a large boring a¹ for receiving the stem a, and the smaller boring e¹ for
receiving an attachment wire e as well as the space within the cap k, the borings i i
and the lower end a² of the handle are perfectly filled out by the molten metal or
alloy poured into the form or mould F substantially as described in the foregoing
specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of Inly 1888
E. P. ALEXANDER & SON, Fels. Inst. P.A.,
Agents.