Improvements in Typewriters.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb.; 1893
Complete Specification Left, 14th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 16th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Typewriters.
I, JAMES SAMUEL FOLEY of 65 Gauden Road, Clapham, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
-
This invention relates to typewriters in which an inking ribbon is employed, the
letters being carried upon type levers. The type levers however differ from those
hitherto employed inasmuch as they travel through a distance of substantially 180°
more or less, the type faces resting normally upwards, but striking the inking
ribbon from above downwards, the paper being carried upon a roller in the usual
manner and beneath the inking ribbon.
The more important points of difference between this machine and previous ones
relate to the type levers, the connection between the type and key levers, the
absence of separate springs to the type levers, the arrangement of the inking
ribbon and the means adopted for travelling it backwards and forwards and the
arrangements of the platen or paper roller upon or in connection with which the
ribbon spools are carried. The roller also is carried upon or in a reciprocating
carriage but is adapted to reciprocate independently of the carriage in a path
perpendicular to the line of travel of the carriage.
The type levers are pivotted in the arc of a circle preferably slightly above the
printing line and as above explained normally lie with their type faces presented
upwards and away from the platen; they are turned completely over and through
a circular path extending to approximately 180° to print; all the type levers print
substantially at the same point. Each type lever carries teeth arranged in the are
of a circle at its pivot end and these teeth gear with a corresponding set of teeth
formed upon the end of the key lever which is centrally or otherwise pivotted and
carries at its outer end the character or characters indicating the character to .be
printed by the particular key. Any suitable arrangement for raising the key levers
to their normal level may be adopted a convenient form being to employ a curved
bar which fits underneath the whole of the key levers and is controlled by a single
spring; this bar is depressed by each key lever and by the spacing lever so that
when a single key is depressed the spring control is removed from all the others, the
weight of the type heads being found to be sufficient to maintain them in their
proper positions from which under ordinary circumstances they have no inclination
to deviate.
I prefer to provide three characters upon each type head and to reciprocate the
platen so as to meet whichever character is required. All the type levers when
depressed for printing enter the same locking device which I prefer to form as a V
or other suitable jaw which will conveniently adapt itself to all the levers and to
carry this jaw upon a spring or spring frame preferably having two arms so as to
keep the jaw in its proper position. By this arrangement the jaw is depressed with
every stroke of the type lever rising again the instant the pressure is relaxed and
thus preventing double or irregular printing. So long as this is attained it will
be seen that the precise construction of this locking device may vary; for example
the jaw might be carried upon a vertical spindle with a spiral spring around it and
the same result obtained.
The pivot rods of the key levers and of the type levers may be carried in the
same frame and so arranged that by tightening up the outer one which carries the
key levers the latter may be drawn slightly further forward, and thus caused to
gear more closely with the type levers so as to prevent back-lash between the

page_text: respective sets of teeth. I prefer to have each key lever lying in the same plane
with its type lever which is a short distance below it and to curve both pivot rods
to arcs of circles struck from the same centre which will be the printing point of
the machine. It will thus be seen that the tightening up and in effect shortening
of the outer rod has the effect above referred to. The framing carrying these
parts is radially slotted and the back pivot wire runs in a groove provided for it.
The same tool may be used at the same stroke to cut the grooves or recesses for
both the key and type levers.
The carriage may be of any usual or convenient construction capable of travelling
across the machine in the usual manner carried in suitable bearings and controlled
by any convenient form of spring preferably a clock spring carried in a spring
barrel around which is a chain which connects it with the carriage in the well
known manner, any convenient means being adopted for adjusting the spring. The
spring barrel carries or is connected with teeth or a toothed wheel or pinion which
gears with another wheel around a collar of which is a sleeve or equivalent which
carries the bell hammer, the sleeve being adapted to be turned as required inde-
pendently of the wheel or collar to which it holds by the friction between the parts.
The bell or its support carries a trip which depresses the hammer as the latter
passes it causing it to ring as soon as it escapes from the trip, the trip being
arranged to give way upon the return of the hammer. With this arrangement the
bell can be set to ring at any part of the travel of the platen and has the
advantage that it can be adjusted by the sound, the ringing of the bell when setting
it indicating the point at which it will subsequently ring.
The platen is supported as stated in a carriage which may be substantially of
usual construction, the spindle or ends being supported in preferably straight
horizontal grooves within which it is caused to reciprocate by a suitable key lever
or pusher the platen being conveniently returned by a suitable spring, the power
of which may be adjusted as required; any suitable spring device inay be employed
to hold the platen in its proper position. In order to secure the even travel of both
ends of the platen when being reciprocated within the slots I prefer to pivot two
jaws one at each end and connect these as bell-crank levers by a rod or equivalent
so that they both move absolutely together and thus prevent one end of the
carriage from being moved further than the other. Any suitable form of escape-
ment mechanism may be employed but I prefer to use a two-edged rack which
passes through a yoke connected with and operated by the curved bar or equivalent
device previously described in connection with the key levers. This yoke carries
two teeth or pallets one adapted to engage with each set of rack teeth and one of
the dogs preferably the bottom one being free and controlled by a spring so as to
give way when the carriage is pushed back for the commencement of a new line.
The rack is pivotted in the carriage so that it be turned about its axis and disengage
from both of the pallets or dogs a spring being provided to return it when released
to its normal position.
The ink ribbon is carried upon two spools one at each end of the platen and
adapted to turn independently of the platen. Each spool is secured to or forms
part of the outside cover of a circular box or barrel, the two. boxes one at each
end of the platen being connected by a suitable rod or equivalent so that they
may be turned together for the purpose of moving the ribbon to disclose the last
line of writing. The ribbon extends for the whole length of the platen and enters
each of the spool boxes by a suitable peripheral slot conveniently set at an angle
of 45° to the axis of the platen, a spring pawl arrangement being provided to
each cover with which it may be connected by a toothed pinion or equivalent
upon the platen spindle. These peripheral grooves although they may be made
straight I prefer to curve so that the centre portion of the inner side of the
curve upon which the ribbon bears rises towards the centre in the same manner
and for the same purpose that the centre of the periphery of a belt pulley is
commonly raised viz. to retain the belt, in this case the ribbon, in its proper
position. Upon one end of the platen spindle is a convenient knob by which it

page_text: may be turned and the spindle being turned carries round with it whichever of
the ribbon spools is in connection with it and thus winds the ribbon upon that spool
and off the other; consequently the direction of travel of the ribbon can be
reversed when required. The ribbon thus travels with the platen so that each
fresh type strikes upon a fresh part of the ribbon, the ribbon itself at the end of
each line of printing being automatically caused to travel over the platen by the
operation of turning the platen.
The paper may be kept in contact with the platen by any suitable device.
.
Dated this 16th February 1893.
Improvements in Typewriters.
I, JAMES SAMUEL FOLEY, of 65 Gauden Road, Clapham, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the saine is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
--
This invention relates to typewriters and will be best understood by reference to
the accompanying drawings in which ;-
Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation, partly in vertical section on the
line 1-1 of Figure 2 which is a plan of the machine partly broken away and
with the platen removed, the platen however is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a back elevation of part of the machine including a portion of the
paper carriage.
Figure 4 is a plan of portion of the paper carriage showing the inking ribbon
and its operating mechanism.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of part of the paper-carriage frame.
Figure 6 is an elevation of the device whereby the inking ribbon may be
adjusted circumferentially of the platen.
Figures 7 and 8 are elevations showing the means employed operating the inking
ribbon longitudinally and reversing such longitudinal motion and
Figure 9 is a perspective view of a portion of the ink-ribbon operating
mechanism.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
In the drawings I have shown only those parts of the typewriter to which my
present invention relates all other parts (including the keys) which may be of any
suitable construction being omitted for the sake of clearness.
A is the frame which may be supported on the usual rubber-shod or other
feet A', and carries all the operative parts of the typewriter.
B, Figure 1, is one of the type-levers of which there may be the usual
complement arranged in the arc of a circle of which the centre is the printing
point of the machine. Each type-lever B in the example illustrated carries three
types or printing faces B¹ for printing three different characters, but it will be
understood that more or less than that number may be employed; beyond this,
no further description of the construction and operation of the type-levers is
considered necessary because their construction is not affected by the present
invention.
Cis the platen supported by its spindle C¹, near the ends thereof, in the paper
carriage frame, herein, as a whole referred to by the letter D, which preferably consists
substantially of front and back bars D D' and end plates or frames D², an
escapement rack or rack bar D³ being secured by its ends to the frames D².
platen spindle C' is supported in the recesses D₁ of frames D² so that the platen
may move independently of the paper-carriage frame D in a transverse direction,
The

page_text: that is to say horizontally from the back towards the front of the machine
and vice-versa.
The
Just at the inside of the plates or frames D2 as shown in Figures 2 and 3 the
rack bar D³ is rounded so as to form bearings for the frame E E' which consists
substantially of two arms E whose lower ends are forked so as to fit over the
rounded ends of rack bar D³ and a rod El rigidly connecting said arms.
upper ends of the arms E are forked as shown in Figures 1 and 5 to engage with
the platen spindle C the object of the frame E E' being to ensure that the two
ends of the platen shall always move uniformly when adjusted horizontally. This
adjustment is effected through the medium of a frame, therein as a whole referred
to as the frame or platen frame F consisting of two end plates F F pivotted on
the platen spindle C¹, and front and back bars F F rigidly connecting F and F¹
together.
At one end, preferably adjacent to the plate F, I secure to the platen C or
platen spindle Ca star or other toothed wheel C with which co-operates a spring
or spring catch C³ C so as to present the necessary resistance to secure the
platen C against accidental or indiscriminate rotation and ensure that when the
platen is rotated it will move one line-space at the passage of each tooth of
the wheel Cover the projection C₁ of spring catch C³ C; the spring catch C³ C*
is supported by the bars F2 F3 as shown in Figure 6.
The back bar F3 has a longitudinal groove F for receiving the back ends of
the paper guides G which are coiled around this bar and extend forward beneath
and upwards in front of the platen and in close proximity to its periphery as shown
in Figure 1. These paper guides may be adjusted longitudinally on the bar F³ to
suit different sizes of paper used in the machine, and are prevented from being
turned on it by reason of the engagement of their back ends with the groove F¹
as shown in Figure 1.
H is a scale bar pivotted by its cars H¹ on the bar F³ and acted upon by a
coiled spring H2 encircling bar F³ so as to tend always to press the slightly
projecting portions H³ of said scale bar against the surface of the platen C.
1 is the ink ribbon carried upon the two spools J mounted so as to rotate
independently of the platen C one on each end of its spindle C¹ at the outside of
the carriage frame ends D. Between each spool and the adjacent end plate D'
is mounted loosely on the spindle C' a disc J having a curved projecting plate J'
extending over the respective spool J and being provided with slots J J the
latter of which is preferably at an angle of say 45° to the axis of the platen and
curved so that the centre portion of the inner side of the slot upon which the
ribbon I bears, rises towards the centre in the same manner and for the same
purpose that the centre of the periphery of a belt pulley is commonly raised,
viz. to retain the belt, in this case the ribbon I, in its proper position so that its
front edge may not rub against the adjacent end of the slot J. To obtain this
result a slot such as J' is not actually necessary but what is really indispensable is
that a curved surface such as J' be provided; this, it will be obvious may be
provided for in various ways for example a curved wire may be used or to modify
the arrangement shown on the drawings the part of the plate J' constituting the
cuter side of the slot J' may be removed.
The two discs J' are rigidly connected together by a rod J' acted upon by a
spring J which tends always to retain the ribbon I and frame J1 J2 J in the
position in which they are respectively represented in the accompanying drawings
or return them to such position after they have been moved aside for disclosing
the last line of writing or for other purposes. On one of the discs J' is provided
a pin or stud J' which by abutting against the stop K limits the movement of the
frame J J J in the direction in which it is urged by the spring J. "The stop K
as shown in Figure 6 constitutes one arm of a three-armed lever K K K pivotted
by the arm K to the plate F and provided in the arm K with a nut for receiving
the adjusting screw K³ the lower end of which bears upon the plate F. By
screwing K³ more or less through the arm K and by means also of the spring J

page_text: acting in effect in opposition to the screw K³ the portion of the ink ribbon I
extending over the platen C may be adjusted laterally in order that when the
ribbon has become worn at one part of its width it may be adjusted so that another
part will pass over the printing point of the machine; this is considered a great
advantage over machines where no such lateral adjustment of the ink ribbon is
provided for, because as soon as the ribbon of such a machine becomes worn at
one part which is the only effective part of its width it is useless whereas a similar
ribbon where its lateral adjustment is provided for, could be made to last possibly
three or four times as long.
On the outer side of each of the spools J I adjustably secure a pawl L retained
in position by means of headed pins L secured in or to the spool and passing
through slots L in the pawl, the heads of pins L' exerting sufficient pressure on
the pawl L to properly retain it in either of its adjusted positions. Each of the
pawls L is capable of being moved into and out of gear with its appropriate
engaging device C³ rigidly secured as by a screw C passing through its boss, on
the platen spindle. The engaging device C may be in the form of a ratchet or
toothed wheel as shown in the accompanying drawings, or it may be constructed in
any other desired manner so as to enable the pawls L to be readily engaged with
and disengaged from them, the term "engaging device" being herein used to refer
to any such arrangement. The engaging device C at one side of the machine, in
the example illustrated the right hand side is formed in one with a milled head C'
by means of which the platen is rotated for line-spacing. The spool J at (in the
example shown) the left-hand side of the machine is provided with a handle J" by
means of which it may be rotated so that when necessary the ink ribbon I be
wound on to that spool and off the other; or the ribbon may be wound on and off
the respectively opposite spools by means of the milled head C'.
inay
By the last described arrangement of pawls and engaging devices L C' the
rotation of the platen C in one direction may be arranged to cause the ribbon to
be moved in either direction; when, say, the pawl L at the right-hand side is
engaged with its engaging device C and the left hand pawl L is disengaged from its
engaging device C the ribbon will travel in one direction and when the left-hand
pawl is engaged with its engaging device and the right hand pawl disengaged then
the ribbon will travel in the opposite direction, the platen being rotated in the same
direction in both cases. When both pawls L are disengaged from their respective
engaging devices C both the spools J and the ribbon.I will remain stationary
when the platen is rotated.
On the front bar D of the before described paper carriage frame I mount a
roller D capable of rolling over a suitable track A provided for it on the frame A
so as to support the carriage frame in a horizontal_position, the back part of said
frame being supported by means of the back bar D₁ which, as shown in Figure 1,
is received and capable of moving longitudinally in a groove A formed in the
frame A, the rod being retained in said groove by means of the fixed cover
plate A
At one end the front rod D is provided with a groove D into which fits the
reduced end of the binding screw M of the adjustable bell-trip M' as shown in
dotted lines in Fig. 2, this arrangement allowing the bell-trip to be adjusted
longitudinally of the bar D and preventing it from accidental displacement thereon'
rotary direction.
in
N N' are the two escapement dogs the former of which, herein referred to as
the "fixed" dog, is rigidly secured to the rocking shaft N in any convenient
manner and the latter herein referred to as the "movable" dog, is pivotted to
the underside of the former as by a bolt N and acted upon by a spring N*
secured to the shaft N' so as to hold N' in the position in which it is shown in
Figure 2 when it is disengaged from the escapement rack D* and allow it, when
engaged with the rack D' to be drawn, under the influence of the paper carriage
spring hereinafter referred to against a stop piu N° secured to the fixed
dog N.

page_text: The rocking shaft N2 is supported preferably between centres A adjustably
mounted in the frame A, and is acted upon by a coiled spring N encircling it, in
such a manner as to tend always to hold the shaft in the position in which the
amovable dog N' is in gear with the rack D³ as shown in Figure 1, and return it to
such position after it has been depressed as hereinafter described.
Upon the rocking shaft N2 I secure, conveniently by means of screws N' two
collars N adjacent to the bosses of the arms O of the spacing bar and rods O' O².
These arms which, as shown in Figure 1, are of approximately rectangular form,
are mounted loosely upon the shaft N and are rigidly secured to the spacing
bar O by means of the rods O' which, with the bar O' and arms O, may be
regarded as a complete "spacing frame" as which they as a whole are hereinafter
referred to. At the sides of the arms O adjacent to the collars N* I provide
pins O Figures 1 and 3 adapted to bear, under the weight of the spacing frame
against the before-mentioned collar-screws N' as shown in Figure 1; if desired
one or more springs (not shown in the drawings) may be provided for drawing
down the spacing frame but these springs must not be of greater strength than the
spring No The descent of the spacing frame 0 0 0 2 is limited by the
bracket A secured to or forming part of the frame A or by any other suitable
:stop.
N° is a lever arm secured to the rocking shaft N and terminating at a part
convenient for the use of the operator as shown in Figure 2. By depressing this
lever arm No the shaft N' may be turned sufficiently to move the point of the fixed
dog N to below the path of the teeth of escapement rack D³ as may be necessary
for adjusting the position of the paper carriage. When the rocking shaft N2 is
being turned in this manner the spacing frame O O O is also allowed to descend
(the support of the screws N' being removed from the pins O³) until its further
descent is prevented by the stop A, after which the shaft N2 continues its rotation
until arrested by a suitable stop-which may be when the lever arm N° abuts
against the table or support on which the type-writer stands. The spacing frame
requires to descend only sufficiently to move the "movable" dog N₁ out of gear
with the rack D³ and the fixed dog N into gear with it and for this purpose it way
be operated in any convenient manner.
P is a margin guide or stop adjustably secured to the frame A as by a milled-
headed screw P₁ passing through a slot in said stop. This stop extends over the
back bar D' of the paper carriage frame and is adapted to co-operate with the
pin which may be placed either in the hole D' or in the hole Ds; the former
may be called into requisition when it is desired to write in the left-hand margin
and the latter when it is desired to form a margin at the right-hand side of the
paper.
Qis the barrel containing the paper-carriage spring (hereinafter referred to as
the spring Q) one end of which is secured to said case and the other to the shaft Q¹
Figure 3 on which are also secured a star or toothed wheel Q2 and a milled head Q.
The shaft Q is supported in the downwardly-depending lug A' of the frame A on
which is also mounted a spring-plate or catch which, by pressing against the
teeth of wheel Q3, prevents the accidental unwinding of the spring Qafter it has
been wound up by means of the milled head Q, though the catch Q1 yields
.sufficiently to admit of the barrel Q being turned by hand in either direction; by
turning the shaft Q1 by means of the milled head Q³ the tension of the spring Q
may be adjusted as desired. The spring barrel Q is connected to the paper carriage
frame through the bar D¹ thereof by means of the chain Q³.
R is the usual bell for indicating the approach to the end of the lines of writing
and R' is the hammer mounted on the spring wire or arm R2 which is adapted to
be operated by the before-mentioned adjustable bell-trip M' in the ordinary well-
known manner.
The before-mentioned bar F is connected to a longitudinally adjustable rod S by
means of a sleeve S' through which F' is capable of moving in the direction of its
.length. The sleeve S' is secured to the rod S conveniently in the manner shown in

page_text: Figure 1 viz. by a lug on S¹ fitting into a recess in the end of S and a screw S'
passing through the interlocking parts. The rod S supported by and guided in the
frame A is acted upon by a spring S³ which tends always to move it to the position
shown in the drawings in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow in
Figure 1, a suitable stop pin S being fitted at its front end to act in conjunction
with the stop screw S adjustable in the frame A for limiting the movement of the
paper carriage when returning to its rearmost position, in which it is represented in.
the accompanying drawings.
T is a horizontal shaft supported at the lower part of the machine in suitable
bearings T and has secured on one end a lever arm T whose upper end engages
with a slot Se in the rod S so that whenever the shaft T is rocked on its axis the
rod S will be moved in the direction of its length and the platen frame F will be
moved backwards or forwards. UU' are two key-levers the former rigidly attached
to the shaft T and the latter operating it by means of an arm U2 formed on said
key lever engaging a screw T3 of collar T secured on shaft T. U³ are two screws
adjustable in the underside of frame A and the heads of which constitute the stops
which limit the downward movement of the key-levers U U' and consequently the
corresponding forward movement of the platen C and platen frame F. The key-
lever U is that by which the platen and platen frame are moved to their middle
position and the key-lever U by which they are moved to their most forward
position the collar T screw T and arm U2 allowing of the rotary movement of the
shaft T under the operation of key-lever U beyond the point to which it can be
rotated by the key-lever U' as will be well understood.
On ench of the key-levers U U! I pivot a catch plate U* conveniently provided
with a handle U by means of which it may be turned into the positions shown in
Figure 1 respectively in full and dotted lines; when either of these plates is in the
position indicated by the full lines it is adapted to engage with the top side of a
screw U adjustable in the frame A and neither of the keys U U₁ can be depressed,
the platen and platen frame being then locked in their rearmost position. When
the plates U are in the position indicated in dotted lines both of the key
levers U U may be depressed and the platen and platen frame brought to its
intermediate or its most forward position. If when either of the keys U or U¹ is
depressed its catch plate U be turned so that its curved edge engages with the
end of the appropriate screw U the platen and platen frame will be locked in
either their intermediate or most forward position according to which of the key-
levers U or U is thus locked down. By this arrangement it will be obvious that
the platen may be secured in either of its three positions for enabling the
writing to be continuously effected by either of the three type-heads or printing
faces B.
The operation of the before-described machine is as follows;-
The paper to be written on is inserted face downwards, its top edge first, between
the back bar F' of platen frame and platen C and over the back ends of the paper
guides G, and under the scale bar H which may be temporarily turned outwards
for this purpose. The platen C is then rotated by means of the milled head C in
the usual way so as to bring the paper into proper position for receiving its first
line of writing. The type-operating keys are then manipulated as ordinarily the
spacing frame O 010' being depressed by each such operation so that the movable
dog N is disengaged from and the fixed dog N engaged with the rack D³. When
the machine is at rest that is to say when none of the type-operating keys are
depressed the point or effective end of the movable dog N¹ is engaged with the
rack D³ and is immediately below the tooth of the fixed dog N being held in that
position by the paper carriage spring which overcomes the tendency of the
spring N to move the point of N₁ backwards to the extent of one tooth of the
rack, that is to say the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2. As soon therefore
as the type-operating key is allowed to ascend and before the fixed dog N has
disengaged the rack D³ the movable dog N' engages with a tooth one in the rear
of that engaged by the fixed dog N.so that as soon as said fixed dog releases the

page_text: rack D³ the paper carriage spring Q draws the paper carriage onwards one letter-
space that is to say until the movable dog N¹ is arrested by its stop No. All this
operation is substantially the same as in other type-writing machines and is
explained at length herein only to render the description more comprehensive.
When the end of a line is reached the platen C is rotated to the required extent
by means of the milled head and assuming that one of the pawls L is engaged
with and the other disengaged from the respective engaging device C³ the ink
ribbon will be moved off one spool J and on to the other so that a fresh portion
of said ribbon will be presented at the printing point at each rotation or part
rotation of the platen.
"
When the " case of types then in use is desired to be altered one of the key-
levers U U is depressed, which one will depend upon the particular set of type-
faces it is desired to bring into operation; when this key lever U or U₁ is released
the spring S will return the platen C to its original rearmost position.
Should it be desired to change the ink ribbon or substitute a new one for a
worn one this may either be done with the spools on the machine or the spools may
be readily removed by first removing the engaging devices C after loosening the
screws C thereof.
"
The before described typewriting machine may be modified without departing
from the spirit of the invention for example instead of the machine being provided
with three " cases as shown it may be provided with two or other number and
besides this certain features or parts of the apparatus for example the arrangement
of the ink ribbon and its operating connections may be advantageously applied to
a type-writer wherein no shift of the "case" is provided for. The shift keys U
or instead of being at one side of the machine as shown in the drawings may
be arranged at the centre.
Since filing my Provisional Specification I have found certain parts mentioned
therein to be old and I have therefore omitted all reference thereto in this, my
final Specification, and it is to be understood that I make no claim to any such
parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. In a type-writing machine the employment in combination with a rotatable
platen of an ink ribbon so mounted on a movable frame as to be adjustable circum-
ferentially around it.
2. In a type-writing machine the combination with a rotatable platen of an ink
ribbon and ribbon carrying frame adjustable concentrically with the platen.
3. In a type-writing machine the combination with a rotatable platen of two ink
ribbon spools such as J and a ribbon carrying frame such as Ji J J J J all
mounted on the platen spindle substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
4. In a type-writing machine the combination with the ink-ribbon of one or
more curved surfaces such as J' substantially as and for the purpose described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In a type-writing machine maintaining the ink ribbon in its proper position
and preventing its edges from rubbing by means of a curved surface such as J
substantially as described.
6. In a type-writing machine the combination with a rotatable platen and a
spring controlled ink-ribbon-carrying frame such as J J J J J of a stud or
pin J and adjustable stop such as K K K K substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7. In a type-writing machine the combination with a rotatable platen and two
ink-ribbon spools such as J revolvable mounted on its spindle of adjustable pawls
and engaging device such as L and C substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 8. In a type-writing machine moving the ink ribbon so as to present a fresh part
at the printing point of the machine by the turning of the platen.
9. In a type-writing machine the combination with a rotatable platen and a
platen frame of a grooved bar such as F³ forming part of the platen frame and
one or more paper guides such as G made of strips of metal one end of each
engaging with the groove of bar F3 substantially as and for the purpose described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
10. In a type-writing machine the combination with the longitudinally movable
paper-carriage D of the platen frame F laterally adjustable therein substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
11. In a type-writing machine the combination with a rotatable platen of a paper
carriage frame having slotted end plates such as D* D* and a frame such as E EL
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
J. S. FOLEY.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant..