An Improved Fluid-pressure Engine or Motor.
Year: 1890

page_text: te of Application, 9th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 24th Jan., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by LEVI MYRON SHAW, of Gypsum, Kansas, United
States of America, Merchant.]
An Improved Fluid-pressure Engine or Motor.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to engines in which a piston is employed having a travel in
straight lines across the steam chest, and a rolling motion against the walls of the
steam cliest, producing a compound reciprocating and gyrating motion, by which the
end of the piston shaft is caused to describe a circle around a line shaft with which
the piston shaft is connected, thereby driving such line shaft; and the objects of the
invention are to give the piston an unbroken travel in its circuit around the walls of
the steam chest, thereby preserving a constant contact between the faces of the piston
and the walls of the steam chest; to improve the connection between the piston shaft
and the shaft to be driven, and have the two shafts in proper alignment, and the
piston shaft properly supported and guided; to furnish a support for the piston from
the flange thereof, by which a straight line travel of the piston across the steam chest
will be ensured; and to improve generally the construction and operation of the
engine as a whole; and the nature of the invention consists in the several parts and
combinations of parts hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims as new.
In the accompanying drawings, I have shown how my said invention may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section, with the piston shaft and the driven shaft
in elevation.
Figure 2 is a cross section through the centre of the steam chest, with the piston
and abutment in elevation.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the steam chest with the flange of the piston
partly broken away to show the abutment looking down thereon.
Figure 4 is a detail in section, showing the abutment and the guide block for the
piston.
Figure 5 is a detail, being an elevation of the inner face of a part of the walls of
the steam chest, showing the groove for the abutment.
Figure 6 is a detail showing a continuous box for the piston shaft, instead of an
inner and outer box.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of the abutment.
Figure 8 is a detail in section, showing the abutment and its adjusting devices.
Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12 are outline views showing the relative positions of the
piston, the piston shaft, and the walls of the steam chest at different points in the
circle described by the piston shaft.
Figure 13 is a perspective view in a diagram form, showing the abutment and
piston.
A represents the end of the case, which may be formed of a single piece, or of two
halves, each having a flange by which, and suitable bolts, the two halves are connected
together. The outer end of the case A has a flange a, and the inner end has a
flange a¹.
B is a cone-shaped circular chamber in the end A, which chamber, at its outer end,
terminates in a straight wall b.
C is an annular chamber at the inner end of the case A, which chamber has a
straight wall, and as shown, the wall of the case A has a passage or opening c, closed
by a cap c', by which opening communication is had with the chamber C.

page_text: D is an end plate for closing the outer end of the case A, for which purpose the
plate is secured to the flange a by bolts a', and as shown, at one side of the plate D is
a foot d, for the passage of the bolts d', for attaching the plate to the base or support
of the engine.
E are annular plates, one for each side of the steam chest and one of these plates E
is attached to the flange a¹ of the case A, by bolts a³, so as to make a steam tight
connection between the plate E and the case A, and the other plate E has an extension
or wall E, forming an annular chamber C, similar to the chamber C, and the end of
this chamber is closed by a plate D attached to a flange on the end of the wall E' by
bolts d. This plate D is solid, but the plate D has a central boss or hub D¹, in
which is a central hole for the reception of a sleeve, as shown in Fig. 1.
F is a ring located between the plates E, and secured in position between the plates
by bolts and as shown, in order to form a firm union between the ring and the
plates, each plate, on its inner face has a shoulder 1, and the inner face of the ring F
is formed on the arc of a circle, so as to form a face or wall f. The ring F can be a
continuous one, or can be made of two half rings, each half ring having a flange F¹,
as shown in Fig. 2, by means of which and bolts f³, the half rings are joined together.
G is the steam chest, formed between the inner face f of the ring F, and the inner
faces g of the plates E, and each face g of each plate E projects inward, as shown in
Fig. 1, so that the steam chest is wider at its periphery than at its inner edge, and the
side walls of the steam chest are of a convex shape.
H is an annular flange, the periphery of which fits and coincides with the face f of
the ring F, and as shown. in the periphery of the flange H are triangular-shaped
packing rings h¹, one on each side of the centre of the flange, and each packing ring
is projected and held outward by a spring ", located in a recess, at one side of the
recess which receives the packing ring h'. The flange H has on each side an inclined
face h, the inclination of which coincides with the inclination of the walls g, forming on
each side of the flange H, a concave face, coinciding with the convex face of the side
walls 9 of the steam chest, as shown in Fig. 1.
I is the abutment passing through the flange H, for which purpose the flange H has
a slot or opening i, and this abutment cuts across the steam chest from one side wall
to the other, and forms a partition separating the inlet and outlet ports for the steam,
which ports aro located on opposite sides of the abutment, as shown in Fig. 2.
Each
side wall or face g of the steam chest has a groove g¹, shown in Fig. 5, which groove
is cut diagonally across the face or wall, and these grooves g¹ receive the side edges i¹
of the abutment I, by which the abutment is located at one side of the centre of the
flange in a diagonal plane parallel with a radial line passing through the centre of
the flange, which plane, in its passage, cuts the radial lines on the flange, except the
one with which it is parallel, as shown in Fig. 2, and this abutment is inclined in its
rélation to the line of contact of the flange with the walls of the steam chest, for the
line of contact to pass from the exhaust to the supply side of the abutment, with an
unbroken support in passing from the inner to the outer end of the abutment, and
vice versa.
J is a ball, made in two parts, one of which has a screw threaded neck or end j,
which enters a screw threaded hole in the other portion of the ball, as shown in
Fig. 1, and this ball, as a whole, has a central annular recess 7", which receives the
inner edge of the flange H, for which purpose the flange has a central hole for the
passage of the end j, so that the end can be passed through such hole, and the female
portion of the ball be screwed to place, firmly connecting the flange H with the ball J,
as shown in Fig. 1, and when connected, the flange H and the ball J constitute the
piston. The inner end of the abutment I fits against the face of the ball J, for which
purpose this end has a circular concave face, conforming to the face of the ball,
and as shown, this inner end of the abutment is of a less width, for the purpose of
permitting the abutment to cut through the packing rings for the ball, without
destroying the rings. The edges of the abutment I, fit snugly in the grooves g',
formed therefor in the inner face of each plate E, and the outer end of the abut-
ment fits snugly in a groove formed therefor in the inner face of the ring F, so that

page_text: when the abutment is in place, it will be steam tight, and prevent the steam from
passing from the supply to the exhaust, without passing around the steam chest.
K are the packing rings for the ball J, which rings are located on opposite sides of
the ball, and each ring has a bearing face k, of a concave shape, to receive the bail,
and as shown, the packing ring, on one side, has an opening or hole k¹, for the passage
of the piston shaft.
L is a follower located in the chamber of the end case A, and having its innor
end screw threaded to enter a screw threaded opening in the plate E, and at the inner
end is a rim or flange l, which bears against the end face of the packing ring, and a
similar follower L' is located in the chamber C, upon the opposite side of the ball J,
and by means of these followers, the packing rings K can be advanced, as
required, for wear, and for the purpose of advancing the followers, each follower las
a series of holes m, which come in line with the opening e, so that by the use of a
lever or other suitable tool, each follower can be advanced as required.
M is a cone-shaped hole or opening through the follower L.
N is the piston shaft, one end of which is firmly secured to the ball J, at the centre
thereof, and this piston shaft extends out from the hall J and enters the chamber B of
the case A, as shown in Fig. 1, and is made to stand at an angle for the side faces l
of the flange H to lie in contact with the side faces of the steam chest G, and hold
the flange at an angle to the centre of the steam chest, to preserve a line of contact
between the flange and the steam chest.
O is a cone-shaped head, lying in the chamber B and the opening M, and having on
one side a groove o to receive boxes n, in which the piston shaft N is supported, and
these boxes n, can be an inner and outer box, as, shown in Fig. 1, or a continuous box,
as shown in Fig. 6.
P is a shaft to be driven, entering, at its inner end, the head O, at the centre of the
head, and secured to the head by a key p, and this shaft P, and the piston shaft N are
to be in the same plane one with the other, for which purpose the groove o and the hole
for the shaft P are in line one with the other.
Qis a sleeve, through which the shaft P passes, and this sleeve, at its inner end,
enters the head O, for the head to revolve thereon, and is secured in the hub or
centre D by a set screw q, by means of which the sleeve Q is locked against
turning.
R is a channel across the face f of the ring F, which channel runs in a straight
line across the steam chest, as shown in Fig. 4.
S is a sliding block, located in the channel K, and fitting snugly in the channel so as
to be free to move back and forth across the steain chest. This block has a hole s,
which receives the end of a pin r, firmly secured in the periphery of the flange H.
Tis a plate attached to the side of the steam chest on the ring F and plates E by
bolts or otherwise.
U is an opening in the plato T, to receive a pipe for supplying steam to the steam
chest G, which opening U communicates with a supply port a, in the ring F, leading
into the steam chest on one side of the abutment I.
Vis an opening in the plate T, to receive a pipe for the exhaust of the steam, for
which purpose the opening V communicates with an exhaust port v, leading from the
steam chest G, on the opposite side of the abutment L. The channel or groove R. as
shown, is located in line with the exhaust port v, and is wider than the exhaust port,
so as to form a bottom for the block S, and as shown, leading from the exhaust port,
on each side of the channel R is a hole wo, to insure a proper exhaust, in case the
exhaust port is not of a sufficient size for exhausting purposes.
W is a base or support, on which the engine as a whole is mounted, and to which
the engine is secured by the foot d and the boits d', and the feet e and the bolts e¹, as
shown in Fig. 1.
The abutment 1 is held for its end to be in contact with the face of the ball by
adjusting screws passing through holes in the plate T, and entering screw threaded
holes in the ring F, and as shown, between the ends of the screws and the edge of

page_text: the abutment are coiled springs ¹, which give a yielding pressure for the abutment I
on the ball J.
The parts are assembled by entering the packing ring K into its plate E, and
attaching such plate to the end of the case A by the flange a and the bolts a³; the
follower L is inserted in the chamber and screwed into the plate E, for its end to
abut against the packing ring K ; the ball J with the flange H secured thereto, is
placed in position for the ball to enter the packing ring K; the ring F is attached to
the plate E by the bolts, to surround the flange H; the abutment I is slipped into
place, passing through the slot i, and entering at its edge into the groove g¹, for its end?"
to lie against the ball, and its end is in the groove therefor in the ring F; the plate E
with the wall E', having the packing ring K therein, is attached to the ring F by the
holts, for the packing ring to receive the ball J, and the groove g¹ to receive the
edge of the abutment I; the follower L' is inserted in the chamber C¹, and screwed
into the plate E, for its end to abut against the packing ring K; the plate D" is
attached to the end flange of the wall E¹ by the bolts d", closing that end of the
engine; the head O is entered into the chamber B, and connected with the shaft N
by the groove o, and the box or boxes n; the shaft P is secured in the head O by the
key p the sleeve Q is slipped on to the shaft P, and into the end of the head O, and
the plate D is attached to the end of the case A, by the flange a and the bolts a¹¹,
with the sleeve Qin the hub or centre D', where it is locked and held by the set
screw and this sleeve Q can be used to force the head forward, to set the shaft N
at the proper inclination, and the plate T is attached in position by the bolts t; and
when the several parts are together, the engine, as a whole, is attached to the base or
support W, by the feet d, e, and the bolts d¹, e¹,
11
The packing rings K are made to fit the ball J, by advancing the followers L
and L, and when the engine is in position, a steam supply pipe is attached to the
plate T, at the opening U, and a steam exhaust pipe is attached to the plate T, at
the opening V, so that steam is supplied through the opening U and the port u to the
chamber G, on each side of the flange H, and steam is exhausted from the chamber G,
on each side of the flange H, through the exhaust port and the opening V, and the
steam supplied through the supply port will pass entirely around the chamber G to
the exhaust port v, and such passage will be continuous.
In use, the steam ontering the supply port u, and passing around in the chamber G,
to escape at the exhaust port v, will carry the flange H back and forth across the
steam chamber G, by the steam acting first on one side of the flange H and then on
the opposite side, as such flange changes its position in relation to the supply port.
This moving of the flange H to and fro across the chamber G, causes the faces h of
the flange to roll against the walls g of the steam chamber on both sides, and this
rolling movement is had by the turning of the ball J in its socket, formed by the
packing rings K, and from this rolling movement the end of the piston shaft N is
made to describe a circle, imparting a rotary movement to the head O, which
movement is transmitted to the shaft P, driving such shaft.
The flange H, and the ball J, form a piston, from the movement. of which the
shaft N is made to describe a circle, and the position of the piston in relation to the
abutment, and the movement of the piston shaft in the circle described by its end, is
shown by the diagram, Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12. The diagram, (Fig. 9) shows the
flange in relation to the abutment and the position of the piston shaft N, when the
flange has moved one half of the distance across the abutment, in the direction of
the arrow, or to the right, and in this position, the contact line of the flange with the
walls of the steam chest is one quarter of the distance around, and steam is supplied to
the chamber G through the port u on both sides of the flange H, and steam is
exhausted from both sides of the flange H through the port u, when the parts are as
shown in Fig. 9; the continued movement of the flange H, in the direction of its
travel to the right, carries the flange over the abutment to the right hand side, as
shown in Fig. 10, in which position the contact line between the flange and the walls
of the steam chest has been advanced another quarter, and the shaft N has been

page_text: carried to the position shown in Fig. 11, which is a half revolution, and with the parts
in the relation of Fig. 11, the periphery of the flange on the right hand edge has
passed both the inlet port u, and the exhaust port v, and closed both of such ports at
the right hand side of the abutment; at this point the flange H begins its return
movement across the steam chest over the abutinent I, in the direction of the arrow in
Fig. 11, and when the contact line between the flange H and the walls g of the steam
chest Ghas been advanced another quarter, the flange H has travelled across the
steam chest, to the position shown in Fig. 11, and the shaft N has been carried
around to the position of Fig. 11, and has described a three quarter revolution, and
with the parts in this position, steam is supplied through the port u to both sides of
the flange H and steam is exhausted from both sides of the flange H through the
port the advance of the contact line between the flange and the walls of the steam
chest for another quarter, carries the parts into the position shown in Fig. 12, in
which the flange has travelled back across the steam chest and over the abutment 1, to
close the supply port u and the exhaust port on the left hand side of the abutment,
and in this position the flange H has made an entire traverse across the steam chest,
and is ready to be carried back in the direction of travel shown in Fig. 9, and with
this direction of travel the contact line between the flange H and the walls of the
steam chest G; when carried around another quarter will bring the parts into the
position shown in Fig. 9; and these movements of the flange back and forth across
the steam chest, will continue as long as steam is supplied to the chamber G.
The position shown in Fig. 9 may be regarded as having the contact line
between the flange H and the steam chest G as advanced one quarter around from
the starting point, which is the abutment, and in this position the end of the
shaft N has described a quarter circle; and with the parts as shown in Fig. 10, the
contact line between the flange and the walls of the steam chest has advanced one
half the distance around, and the shaft N has described half a circle; and with the
parts as shown in Fig. 11, the contact line between the flange and the walls of
the steam chest has advanced three quarters of the distance around, and the shaft N
has described three quarters of a circle; and with the parts as shown in Fig. 12,
the contact line between the flange and the walls of the steam chest has completed
its travel around, and the shaft has described a complete circle, when the abutment
is used as a starting point.
It will be seen from the foregoing description and the diagram illustrations, that
except at two points, namely, the limit of the travel of the flange H in both directions
across the steain chest G, steam is admitted on both sides of the flange at the supply
port, at all times, and travels around from the supply side of the abutment, in the
space between the flange H, the side walls of the steam chest, and the abutment, on
both sides of the flange, to the exhaust port, the result being a constant supply of
steam, which travels continuously, moving the flange H to and fro across the steam
chest, through the pressure of the steam in the chest against the abutment, on the
supply side, and against the walls of the steam chest and the faces of the flange, and
it will be seen, that in the initial start in either direction, the opening for the steau
is very small, and gradually widens as the flange is carried across the steam chest,
until half a circle has been described, when the steam space between the flange and
the wall of the steam chest gradually narrows for the remaining travel of the flange.
The piston formed by the Hange H and the ball J is supported in the steam
chest G, for the flange to have a contact line with the walls of the steam chest by the
piston shaft N and the head O, and the steam chest is divided by the abutment I so
as to have a supply and exhaust side.
The angle of the piston shaft N is changed for the proper contact between the
flange H and the walls of the steam chest, by adjusting the head through the
sleeve Q, or in any other suitable manner, and the ball J is held in position by
the packing rings K, which form a socket for the ball, by which the ball is supported,
and in case of wear the packing rings can be advanced to take up the wear by turning
the followers L and L' through the holes m and a suitable lever inserted through the
opening C, into a hole m, in line with such hole, and after the follower has been

page_text: advanced the tool can be removed, and the hole c closed by the cap or cover c¹, and
this advance of the packing rings K through the followers L will be uniform and
equal at all points, by reason of the engagement of the rim with the packing ring
its entire circle.
The flange H should move over the abutment without contact, and this end is
secured by means of the channel R and the block S, which travels back and forth in
the channel by reason of its attachment to the flange H, through the pin r, and as
the channel R is in a straight line across the steam chest G, and the block S moves
in this channel, it follows that the flange H must also move in a straight line across
the steam chest, which line is likewise the line of the abutment I, and as the space or
opening, in the flange H is a trifle wider than the thickness of the abutment I. the
edges of the flange at the opening i, will not come in contact with the abutment I, as
the flange cannot vary in its course across the steam chest. The connection of the
shaft N with the heat O, as shown in Fig. 1, is by an inner and outer box and
the groove o, and as shown in Fig. 6, this connection is had by the use of a continuous
box n and the groove o, and in place of using these boxes n, the shaft N can be
connected with the head O by a hole formed in the head to receive the end of the
shaft, but in any event, the groove o and the hole in the head O, which receives the
ends of the shaft P, must be in the same plane, one with the other, with the hole for
the shaft P at the centre of rotation of the head O, which centre the centre of the
ball J. The attachment of the shaft N to the head O by the boxes n, enables any
slight variation in the alignment to be readily taken up, by setting the box n
accordingly, and for this reason the boxes n afford the best means for attaching the
piston shaft N to secure proper alignment.
The wear on the edge or periphery of the flange H is compensated for by the
packing rings h', which are held against the wall of the chamber G by the action
of the springs, preventing the passage of steam from one side to the other of
the flange H, except by passing around from the supply to the exhaust side of the
abutment, and what little steam passes through the opening i, such steam will in no
way affect the operation of the piston, as the pressure of the steam on both sides
of the flange H is always in a direction to move the flange in the same direction,
and by holding the flange H clear of the abutment at the opening i, wear on the
abutment from the travel of the flange H is prevented, and consequently wear on the
flange to increase the size of this opening i.
The word " diagonal" in connection with an abutment, is a defining word,
indicating the position of the abutment in relation to the flange and steam chest, as
tangential, with its outer or starting point in line, or nearly so, with the periphery of
the ball, and its inner or terminal point in or near a vertical line from the centre of
the ball, for the line of the abutment to be outside of the piston shaft, as clearly shown
in Fig. 2, and the line of tangentity is one at an angle of 45 or approximately so, to a
horizontal base or other line.
This diagonal abutment is in no sense a straight line radial abutment, nor an inclined
line radial abutment, in both of which constructions the radiation is in a direct line
from the piston shaft, and with such direct line radiation the abutment is subjected to
a blow from the piston at each revolution, because of the drop of the piston, and the
result of the continuous blows is a wearing out of the abutment at the centre, allowing
an increased back swing for the piston, and such back swing produces a back lash on
the piston shaft, causing an uneven motion, and not a true circle traverse of the shaft,
and the travel of the piston over the abutment is a broken, interrupted one, by reason
of the drop off, and the wearing out of the abutment at the centre, and produces more
or less jar and concussion. The diagonal abutment obviates all these defects of a
radial abutment, as it gives a continuous, unbroken support over which the piston
constantly travels without any drop, thus preventing backswing of the piston, and
back lash of the shaft, and giving the shaft a true circle of rotation.
Having now fully described the construction and operation of my piston engine,
which I have given the name of "Shaw's Piston Engine," I beg to state that I disclaim

page_text: all other piston engines now in use; and what I do claim and desire to secure by
Letters Patent is :-
1. The combination in an engine of an annular steam chest, a piston in the steam
chest formed of a flange and a ball, with the flange at the centre of the ball, and
traversing the steam chest on straight lines, and rolling against the walls of the
steam chest, an abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre of
the piston, and a piston shaft projecting at one side of the piston from the centre of
the ball transversely to the flange, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. The combination in an engine of a steam chest, a piston in the steam chest
formed of a flange and a ball, with the flange at the centre of the ball and traversing.
the steam chest on straight lines, and rolling against the walls of the steam chest,
an abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre of the piston,
a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball transversely to
the flange, and a head receiving and supporting the piston shaft in an inclined
position, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
3. The combination in an engine of a steam chest, a piston formed of a flange
and a ball, with the flange at the centre of the ball, and traversing the steam chest
on straight lines, and rolling against the walls of the steam chest, an abutment
cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre of the piston, a piston shaft
projecting at one side from the centre of the hall transversely of the flange, a head
receiving and supporting the piston shaft, and a centre bearing for the ball, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes specified.
4. The combination in an engine of a steam chest, a piston in the steam chest
formed of a flango and a hall, at the centre of which the flange is located, and
traversing the steam chest on straight lines, and rolling against the walls of the
steam chest, an abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre of
the piston, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball transversely
to the flange, a head receiving and supporting the piston shaft, a centre bearing for
the ball, and a connection between the piston flange and the steam chest, substantially
as and for the purposes specified.
5. The combination in an engine of a steam chest, a piston in the steam chest
formed of a flange and a ball, with the flange at the centre of the ball and traversing
the steam chest on straight lines, and rolling against the walls of the steam chest, an
abutment cutting the flange diagonally at ene side of the centre of the piston, a piston
shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball transversely to the flange, a
centre bearing for the ball, a connection between the flange and the face of the
steam chest, and a driven shaft connected to the head, substantially as and for the
purposes specified.
6. The combination in an engine of a steam chest having convex contact walls, a
piston in the steam chest formed of a flange having concave side faces, and a ball,
with the flange at the centre of the ball, and traversing the steam chest on straight
lines and rolling against the walls of the steam chest, an abutment cutting the flange.
diagonally at one side of the centre of the piston, and a piston shaft projecting at one
side from the centre of the ball transversely of the flange, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
7. The combination, in an engine, of a steam chest having convex contact walls, a
piston in the steam chest, formed of a flange having concave side faces and a centre
ball traversing the steam chest on straight lines and rolling against the walls of the
steam chest, an abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre of
the piston, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, and a head
receiving and supporting the piston shaft, substantially as specified.
8. The combination in an engine of a steam chest having convex contact walls, a
piston in the steam chest formed of a flange baving concave side faces and a centre
ball, and traversing the steam chest on straight lines and rolling against the walls of
the steam chest, an abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre
of the piston, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, a head

page_text: receiving and supporting the piston shaft, and a centre bearing for the ball, substantially
as and for the purposes specified.
9. The combination in an engine of a steam chest having convex contact walls, a
piston in the steam chest, formed of a flange having concave side faces and a centre
ball, and traversing the steam chest on straight lines, and rolling against the walls of
the steam chest, an abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre
of the piston, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, a head
receiving and supporting the piston shaft, a centre bearing for the ball, and a connection
between the flange and the face of the steam chest, substantially as and for the
purposes specified.
10. The combination in an engine of a steam chest having convex contact walls, a
piston in the steam chest, formed of a flange having concave side faces and a centre
ball, and traversing the steam chest on straight lines, and rolling against the walls of
the steam chest, an abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre of
the piston, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, a head
receiving and supporting the piston shaft, a centre bearing for the ball, a connection
between the flange and the face of the steam chest, and a driven shaft connected to the
head, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
11. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre ball,
a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, and a head receiving
and supporting the projected part of the piston shaft at both the outer and inner
ends, and holding the piston inclined, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
12. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre ball,
a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, a head receiving and
supporting the projected part of the shaft at both the outer and inner ends, and
a shaft secured to the head and driven thereby, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
13. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre
ball, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, a head
receiving and supporting the shaft, and a connection between the piston flange and
steam chest substantially as and for the purposes specified.
14. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre
ball, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the ball at the centre, a head
receiving and supporting the piston shaft, a driven shaft connected to the head,
and a connection between the flange of the piston and the wall of the steam chest,
substantially as and for the purposes specified.
15. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre
ball, a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, and a cone-
shaped head receiving and supporting the piston shaft at both the outer and inner
ends in an inclined relation, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
16. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre ball,
a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, a cone-shaped head
receiving and supporting the piston shaft at both the outer and inner ends, and a
driven shaft connected with the head, substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
17. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre ball,
a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, a cone-shaped head
receiving and supporting the shaft, and a connection between the piston flange
and the wall of the steam chest, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
18. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a dange and a centre ball,
a piston shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, and a cone-shaped
head receiving and supporting the piston shaft, a driven shaft and a connection
between the flange and face of the steam chest, substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
19. The combination in an engine of a piston shaft and a head receiving and
supporting the projected part of the piston shaft at both the outer and inner ends

page_text: for maintaining the shaft at an inclination, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
20. The combination in an engine of a piston shaft, a head receiving and
supporting the projected part of the piston shaft at both the outer and inner ends,
and a connection between the piston and the wall of a steam chest, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
21. The combination in an engine of a piston shaft, a head receiving and
supporting the projected part of the piston shaft at both the outer and inner ends,
a driven shaft attached to the head, and a connection between the piston and the
wall of the steam chest, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
22. The combination in an engine of a piston shaft and a cone-shaped head
receiving and supporting the shaft at both its outer and inner ends, and attached
to a shaft to be driven, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
23. The combination in an engine of a piston shaft, a cone-shaped head receiving
and supporting the piston shaft at both the outer and inner ends, and attached to a
shaft to be driven, and a connection between the piston and the face of the steam
chest, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
24. The combination in an engine of a flange and a ball forming a piston, a piston
shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, an abutment cutting the flange
diagonally, and a cone-shaped head receiving and supporting the piston shaft and
attached to a shaft to be driven, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
25. The combination in an engine of a flange and ball forming a piston, a piston
shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, an abutment cutting the
flange, and a head receiving and supporting the piston shaft at both the outer and
inner ends and attached to a shaft to be driven, substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
26. The combination in an engine of a flange and ball forming a piston, a piston
shaft projecting at one side from the centre of the ball, an abutment cutting the
flange, a head receiving and supporting the piston shaft and attached to a shaft to be
driven and the connection between the flange and the face of a steam chest, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose specified.
27. The combination in an engine of a flange and ball forming a piston, and a
connection between the flange and face of a steam chest, for holding the piston in
straight line travel, substantially as specified.
28. The combination in an engine of a steam chest having contact walls with a
diagonal groove, and an abutment held by the diagonal grooves and dividing the steam
chest, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
29. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre ball,
an abutment cutting through the flange and engaging the face of the ball, and devices
for moving the abutment to preserve the contact with the ball, substantially as and for
the purposes specified.
30. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre
ball, an abutment cutting through the flange and bearing against the face of the
ball, and adjusting screws for advancing the abutinent to compensate for wear against
the ball, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
31. The combination in an engine of a piston formed of a flange and a centre ball,
an abutment cutting through the flange and bearing against the face of the ball, set
screws for advancing the abutment, and tension springs for holding the abutment in
contact with the ball, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
32. The combination in an engine of the piston shaft N, projecting at one side
of the piston, and the head O, receiving and supporting the projected part of the
piston shaft at both its outer and inner ends, substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
.
33. The combination in an engine of the piston shaft N, projecting at one side of
the piston, the head O receiving and supporting the projected part of the piston
shaft N at both its outer and inner ends, and the driven shaft l', connected with the
R

page_text: head O, for holding the shaft N at an inclination, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
34. The combination in an engine of the flange H and ball J forming a piston, the
piston shaft N projecting at one side of the piston, the head O receiving and supporting
the shaft N, and the sliding block S connecting the flange with the wall of the steam
chest, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
35. The combination in an engine of the steam chest G. the flange H and ball J,
forming a piston, the piston shaft N projecting at one side of the piston, the head o
receiving and supporting the shaft N, the channel R, and the sliding block S,
connected with the flange H, substantially as and for the purposes specific.
36. The combination in an engine of the steam chest G, flange H, and ball J,
forming a piston. the piston shaft N projecting at one side of the piston, head
receiving and supporting the shaft N, driven shatt P, channel R, and sliding block S,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
37. The combination in an engine of the steam chest G, having walls 9, flange H,
baving faces, and ball J, forming a piston, the piston shaft N projecting at one side
of the ball J, head O, receiving and supporting the piston shaft, the shaft P and the
channel R, and sliding block S, forming a connection between the flange H and the
steam chest, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
38. The combination in an engine of the steam chest G, having convex side walls g,
the flange H having concave side faces h, and the ball J forming a piston, the
abutment cutting the flange diagonally at one side of the centre, and the pisten
shaft N, projecting at one side from the centre of the ball J. and supported by the
head O, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
39. The combination in an engine of the steam chest G, the piston formed of the
flange H, and the centre ball J, the packing rings K receiving the centre ball J, and
the screw threaded followers L and 1, forming a firm backing for simultaneously
and uniformly advancing the packing rings to take up wear, substantially as
specified.
40. The combination in an engine of the steam chest G, the piston formed of a
flange H and a centre ball J, the packing rings K receiving the centre ball J, the
piston shaft N projecting at one side from the centre of the ball J, and the head O
receiving and supporting the shaft N at both its outer and inner ends, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
41. The combination in an engine of a steam chest G, the piston formed of the
flange H, and a centre hall J, the abutment 1, the packing rings K receiving the
centre ball J, the piston shaft N projecting at one side from the centre of the ball J,
and the head O receiving and supporting the shaft N at both its outer and inner
ends, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
42. The combination in an engine of a steam chest G, the piston formed of the
flange H and a centre ball J, the abutment I, the packing rings K, the screw threaded
followers L, L engaging the full face of and forming a firm backing for the packing
rings, the piston shaft N projecting at one side from the centre of the ball J, the
head O, receiving and supporting the piston shaft, the shaft P and the channel R
and block S, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
43. The combination, in an engine, of a steam chest having contact walls, a piston
in the steam chest formed of a dange and centre ball, and an abutment dividing the
steam chest, and cutting the flange of the piston on a diagonal line, for giving
the piston an uninterrupted traverse, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 11th day of August 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.