Improvements in and connected with the Cylinders of Engines, Motors, and Compressors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May, 1894-Accepted, 14th July, 1894
CUMI
DI PULTUATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Cylinders of Engines,
Motors, and Compressors.
I, CONRAD SONDERMANN of 34 Katherinenvorstadt, Landsberg a Lech in the
German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the construction and arrangement of a compound
cylinder fitted with a piston having four working faces and capable of use as part
of a steam engine petroleum or gas engine or of a gas or air compressor.
I will describe my improvements with reference to the accompanying drawing
which represents a longitudinal section of the cylinder and piston together with the
ports and valve as used in a steam engine.
The essential feature of these improvements consists in the division of the high
pressure portion of the cylinder into two parts respectively arranged at opposite
ends of the low pressure portion of the cylinder. This arrangement necessitates a
corresponding construction and arrangement of the piston and that the stroke cf
each piston shall be the same.
The cylinder A is bored out in such a manner that the low pressure part is in
the middle and so as to take in the two small high pressure cylinders B°C at the
back and front ends respectively. These two cylinders are provided with the
ports c, corresponding with the ports bc of the main cylinder A.
C
The ports and cel of the high pressure portions of the cylinder receive in
this case, live steam from the boilers whilst the low pressure portion receives its
steam through the ports n m which open upon the same slide valve seating as the
ports b¹ c
The central portion of the piston is the disc shaped body M having annular
surfaces de of sufficient area for the utilisation of the pressure of the steam.
exhausted from the high pressure portions of the cylinder.
As shewn in the drawing the slide valve S is of the Hicks type, this type
permitting the required passage of the exhaust steam from the high pressure parts.
to the low pressure.
It will be seen that either half of the high pressure part of the cylinder may be
cast in one with the low pressure part or main cylinder A.
The final exhaust takes place in the usual way through the exhaust port p from
the low pressure part.
The cycle of movements in the working engine is as follows:-In the position
shewn by the drawing, the piston has completed its return stroke and is now
required to move in the direction indicated by the arrow. By the linear motion of
the slide S, the edge a opens the port b b to live steam and at the same time the
edge y opens the port ce¹ and allows the exhaust steam from the front high
pressure part of the cylinder to pass the edge and through the ports c c h n to
the surface d of the piston in the low pressure part of the cylinder. By the
combined forces of the steam the piston and piston rod k are moved forward, the
live steam acting on the surface f, and the low pressure steam upon the surface d..
At the same time the edge 21 of the slide valve opens the port m to allow the final
exhaust to leave the low pressure part of the cylinder. In doing so it passes under
the shell o of the valve and escapes through the outlet p. The exhaust from the
front high pressure part is prevented from passing from the passages o c to the
passage m by the edge of the slide valve. When the piston has completed its
stroke the slide valve has advanced and opened the port c c by the edge ¹ having

page_text: passed the port c¹ so that live steam may pass in, and the passage m is opened
between the edges y and y¹ to exhaust the steam from the back high pressure part,
whilst the edge z permits the escape of the exhaust steam from the low pressure
part through the passages n and p.
This construction of cylinder may be adapted with advantage to locomotives and
traction engines.
With gas and petroleum motors the low pressure part is used as a pump and the
two high pressure parts to develop the power, the spaces H in the shells of the
high pressure parts B and C being connected with a water supply for cooling
purposes.
If it be desired to use the construction in an air or gas compressor
the air or gas is drawn in through the passage p and brought alternately through
the front and back high pressure parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
A cylinder for steam, gas and petroleum engines, for compressors and the like,
constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th day of May A.D. 1894.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.