Improvements in the Manufacture of Healds and Weavers' Harness, and in Looms to be employed in the Manufacture of the same and similar Fabrics.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Healds and Weavers' Harness,
and in Looms to be employed in the Manufacture of the same
and similar Fabrics.
We, JOHN FARRAN of 147 Cornbrook Street Brooks Bar Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Machinist, and FRED HARDY of Tyntesfield Ashton-on-
Mersey in the County of Chester, Brewer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
:―
This invention is designed principally to manufacture healds and weavers' harness
in a loom by weaving instead of by knitting as usual.
The loom to be used is a modified form of smallware or swivel loom and can be
applied to the weaving of tapes and similar goods.
The lathe is made with two races or boxes for two tiers or shuttles one above the
other and the reed space is higher or wider than usual so that the shedding of two
fabrics one above the other can be effected.
Our improved healds are made by weaving a very narrow fabric or tape partly
with weft from a shuttle in the upper race or box and partly with weft from a
shuttle in the lower race the warp being so widely shed as to weave in both wefts;
the eyes of the healds are formed by so treading the warps that two separate fabrics
of half width are woven by the separate wefts at intervals, and by then recommencing
the weaving of the fabric with both wefts.
This is effected by altering the heights of the shedding of the warps and for this
purpose we connect each of the treading or lifting levers which work the lingoes
(or other shedding devices) to two jack levers (where dobbies are employed) or to
two hooks or pairs of hooks, (where Jacquard machines are employed) one connection
being made at the end of the said treading or lifting levers, and the other connection
say midway between the end and the fulcrum thereof so that two different
lifts may be given to these levers and thereby to the lingoes or other shedding
device and two separate fabrics or one fabric may be woven as desired.
When weaving the eyes of the healds as aforesaid we cause the taking up catch
or the receiving catch to be lifted by a needle of the dobby or Jacquard machine so
that the weaving may be "crammed" at and slightly beyond that part which is
made of two separate fabrics which are thus strengthened.
The shuttles are driven by two rails reciprocating in grooves on the lathe or slay,
one below the lower shuttle race and the other above the upper shuttle race.
These two rails are provided with vertical holes in which work loose pegs or drivers
capable of a rising and falling motion. The upper set of pegs or drivers are held
up by springs against the under surface of the groove in which the upper rail
slides; and the lower set of pegs or drivers rest upon the bottom of the groove in
which the lower rail slides.
Each shuttle is worked by two pegs or drivers fitting into holes in the said shuttle
and the surfaces of the grooves above named over or under which these pegs or
drivers work are provided with inclines so that the said pegs or drivers are with-
drawn out of the way of the fabric being woven as they pass the latter, one or other
of the pegs however always being in position to hold and actuate the shuttle.
These inclines are held in place by springs or other means so that the pegs or
drivers can be pushed inwards for removing the shuttles.

page_text: The box front which holds the shuttle in place in each race or box is capable of
being moved out upon a pivot to put in the shuttle and when the latter has been
placed in the said race or box this front is turned back and locked in position by a
suitable catch or turn button.
Each rail is reciprocated by a strap at either end thereof passing round a carrier
pulley fixed on the lathe or slay and thence round a pulley on a shaft at either side
of the frame.
The pulley for the strap of each rail may be on the same or a separate shaft,
which is actuated by a pulley which is fixed to a strap connected to a lever
actuated by a suitable cam on the tappet shaft of the loom, and thus the winding 1
up of the strap at one end of the rail will ensure the unwinding of that at the other
end thereof.
We also propose in some cases to mount the fulcrum of each "lathe sword"
upon a lever of such a length and so actuated by a crank upon a shaft or wheel
driven from the tappet shaft (or otherwise) that the lathe or slay is carried by a 1
parallel motion to and fro and will beat up to the same extent for both fabrics.
In our improved healds we weave eyes or loops for threading in a cord or wire
at the top and bottom of the said healds so that the same can be readily attached
to the heald staves.
We also weave eyes or loops at the ends of our improved harness in order to 2
connect the same to the Jacquard machine and to the lingoes. When weaving two
separate tapes in our improved loom we employ two separate taking up rollers.
Dated this 24th day of May 1893.
GEO. DAVIES & SON.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Healds and Weavers' Harness,
and in Looms to be employed in the Manufacture of the same
and similar Fabrics.
We JOHN FARRAN of 147 Cornbrook Street Brook's Bar Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist and FRED HARDY of Tyntesfield Ashton-on-
Mersey in the County of Chester, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed principally to manufacture healds and weavers'
harness in a loom by weaving instead of by knitting as usual.
The loom to be used is a modified form of smallware or swivel loom and can be
applied to the weaving of tapes and similar goods.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood we have annexed hereunto
three sheets of drawings and have marked the same with figures and letters of
reference corresponding with those in the following description thereof.
On Sheet 1 Fig. 1 is a side elevation of so much of a loom as is sufficient to
illustrate our invention.
On Sheet 2 Fig. 2 is a front elevation of part of the said loom.
On Sheet 3 Figs. 3 and 4 shew the shuttle races and shuttles detached and drawn
to a larger scale.
Fig. 5 on Sheet 1 shews one of our improved woven healds.
The lathe is made with two races or boxes a a¹ for two tiers of shuttles bb¹ one
above the other and the reed space is higher or wider than usual so that the shedding
of two fabrics one above the other can be effected.
Our improved healds are made by weaving a very narrow fabric or tape partly
with weft from a shuttle in the upper race or box a and partly with weft from a
shuttle in the lower race a the warp being so widely shed as to weave in both
wefts; the eyes of the healds are formed by so treading the warps that two separate

page_text: fabrics of half thickness are woven by the separate wefts at intervals and by then
recommencing the weaving of the fabric with both wefts.
This is effected by altering the heights of the shedding of the warps and for
this purpose we connect each of the treading or lifting levers c which work the
lingoes (or other shedding device) to two jack levers d (where dobbies are
employed) or to two hooks or pairs of hooks, (where Jacquard machines are
employed) one connection being made at the end of the said treading or lifting
levers as seen at c*, Fig. 2, and the other connection as seen at ** say midway
between the end and the fulcrum thereof, so that two different lifts may be given
to these levers c and thereby to the lingoes or other shedding device, and two
separate fabrics or one fabric may be woven as desired.
When weaving the eyes of the healds as aforesaid we cause the taking up catch e
or the receiving catch to be lifted by a needle of the dobby or Jacquard machine so
that the weaving may be "crammed " at and slightly beyond that part which is
made of two separate fabrics, which are thus strengthened.
This taking up catch is shewn at Fig. 1; the said catch e is acted upon by a
projection or pin on the lever f' connected to the dobby or Jacquard needle (not
shewn) by the cord f³.
The shuttles bare driven from two rails and reciprocating in grooves or
guides on the lathe or slay, see Figs. 3 and 4, one al below the lower shuttle race a¹
and the other g above the upper shuttle race a. These two rails are provided with
vertical holes in which work loose pegs on drivers h, h¹ capable of a rising and
falling motion.
The upper set of pegs or drivers (h) are held up by springs against the under
surface of the bar of the guide beneath which the upper rail 9 slides; and the
lower set of pegs or drivers h¹ rest upon the bar of the guide above which the
roller slides, being also provided with similar springs.
Each shuttle b¹ is worked by two pegs or drivers fitting into holes in the
said shuttle and the surfaces over or under which these pegs or drivers work are
provided with inclines so that the said pegs or drivers h, are withdrawn out
of the way of the fabric being woven as they pass the latter, one or other of the
pegs however always being in position to hold and actuate the shuttle.
These inclines kk are held in position by springs as shewn, or by other suitable
means, so that by lifting the top inclines k, and lowering the bottom ones k¹, the
pegs or drivers retire from the holes in the shuttles to enable them to be
removed and replaced.
The box front which holds the shuttle in place in each race or box is capable
of being moved out upon a pivot l' (see Fig. 3) to put in and take out the shuttle
and when the latter has been placed in the said race or box; this front is turned
back and locked in position by a suitable catch or turn button as shewn.
Each rail g g is reciprocated by a strap mm¹ at either end thereof passing round
a carrier pulley n n' fixed on the lathe or slay i and thence round a pulley on a
shaft o at either side of the frame.
The pulley for the strap of each rail may be on the same shaft or on separate
shafts as shewn each actuated by a pulley p to which is fixed a strap y connected
to a lever r actuated by a suitable cam s on the tappet shaft of the loom, and thus
the winding up of the strap at one end of the rail will ensure the unwinding of that
at the other end thereof.
,י
We also propose in some cases to mount the fulcrum of each lathe sword"
upon a lever of such a length and so actuated by a crank upon a shaft or wheel
driven from the tappet shaft (or otherwise) that the lathe or slay is carried by a
parallel motion to and fro and will beat up to the same extent for both fabrics.
In our improved healds, as seen at Fig. 5 Sheet 1, we weave eyes or loops for
threading in a cord or wire at the top and bottom of the said healds so that the
same can be readily attached to the heald staves.
We also weave eyes or loops at the ends of our improved harness in order to
connect the same to the Jacquard machine and to the lingoes.

page_text: When weaving two separate tapes in our improved loom we employ two separate
taking up rollers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The improvements in the manufacture of healds and weavers' harness consisting
in weaving them in a narrow fabric loom in the form of a double fabric provided
with loops or eyes formed by dividing the fabric at the centre and at either end of
cach heald or harness substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
2. The means for treading the double and divided parts of the fabrics consisting
of the combination with each treading lever of two jack levers (or equivalent
devices) connected to different points on the said treading lever substantially as
hereinbefore described.
3. The combination of the two tiers of shuttles and the two sets of drivers, the
two driving rails, and their adjuncts substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the annexed drawings.
4. The combination with the driving rail of two pegs or drivers engaging in holes
in the shuttle and being withdrawn therefrom as required whereby the shuttle is
always actuated by a positive motion substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the annexed drawings.
5. The mechanism for the positive motion of the shuttle driving rails substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the annexed drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of February 1894.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.