Improvements in the Construction of Rotary Pumps and Air Propellers, which are also applicable as Motors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 20th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 26th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Rotary Pumps and Air
Propellers, which are also applicable as Motors.
We, FRANK WILLIAM BLAYDES of 33 Virginia Street, Agent, and ROBERT
CLEGHORN THOMSON, Consulting Engineer, of 76 Albert Drive, Crosshill, both
in the City and County of Glasgow, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
or arrangement of the parts of rotary pumps and air propellers, which pumps are
also capable of being used as water motors or turbines, and which improvements
will render such apparatus very effective.
According to one modification the new or improved pump, air propeller or motor
would be constructed as follows:-The outer shell or casing would be formed of an
approximately cylindrical shape having inlet and outlet passages more or less
tangentially situated at opposite sides, and would be erected on a suitable founda-
tion. The inlet passage leading the water or air into the interior of the casing
would preferably be horizontal and the outlet passage be vertical, but if used as a
motor this arrangement might be reversed. The driving shaft would be carried in
suitable bearings formed in the sides of the casing, some distance above the centre,
on which would be secured a frame or preferably a hollow cylinder or drum, on the
circumference of which would be carried by journals or trunnions in radially
projecting bearings on each side, a series, as say six, of vanes or paddles free to
oscillate on their journals, said journals being formed on each side of the paddles at
their inner side. Each of the vanes or paddles would be fitted with, one or a pair
of pulleys, rollers, or balls which might be carried by a spindle in bearings at each
side of the paddle and project free to rotate beyond the sides. These pulleys,
rollers, or balls would enter and be free to revolve around in an annular, oval or
other cam shaped recess or groove formed in each side of the outer casing said
recess being placed eccentrically to the axis of the drum or frame carrying the
paddles, the action being that the paddles would be oscillated by the pulleys
running in the eccentric annular recess on each side of the casing as the dram
carrying them revolved. In this way at the lowest point the paddles would be
caused to stand out radially and exert the greatest propelling power on the water,
air, or other fluid, while at the highest point they would be carried to lie nearly
flat on the top of the drum the space between the top of the drum and the upper
part of the casing being only sufficient to allow the paddles to pass in their flat
position. A passage may be formed from the inlet branch towards the upper part
the casing to reduce any vacuum or back pressure formed therein.
The details of the construction of this improved pump, air propeller, or motor
are capable of considerable modification, such as the number and shape of the
paddles and the position of the pulleys or rollers, but the essential features of the
invention in this form are the use of a frame or drum within an outer casing
carrying vanes or paddles oscillated by means of pulleys, rollers or balls secured on
them, free to rotate in an annular, oval or cam shaped recess or groove, or it might
be on an annular rib or projection formed in or on the interior face of the sides of
the outer casing.

page_text: To reduce any noise caused by the revolution of the feathering pulleys in the
recess the periphery of these may be faced with india rubber, leather, or other
suitable material, or the recess may be lined.
When used as a motor any ordinary governing gear or arrangement may be used
to regulate the admittance of the propelling fluid, by means of a balanced sluice
valve or other valve.
By another modification instead of oscillating the paddles by means of pulleys
running in a recess eccentric to the driving shaft, they may be oscillated by means
of studs projecting laterally at one or it may be both sides at some distance from
the journals, or trunnions. These studs would take into eyes or bearers in an
annular frame or it might be plate revolving along with the paddles, and receiving
an eccentric movement by the action of a disc or annular plate fixed to the outer
casing and set eccentric to the axis of the driving shaft, which acts on the inner
circumference of the annular plate. Anti-friction balls or rollers may be used
between the plates to reduce friction.
Dated 19th February 1894.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
Improvements in the Construction of Rotary Pumps and Air
Propellers, which are also applicable as Motors.
We, FRANK WILLIAM BLAYDES, of 33 Virginia Street, Agent, and ROBERT
CLEGHORN THOMSON, Consulting Engineer, of 76 Albert Drive, Crosshill, both
in the City and County of Glasgow, do hereby declare the nature of our invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being made to
the accompanying sheet of drawings and to the letters and figures marked
thereon:-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in the construction
or arrangement and combination of the parts of rotary pumps and air propellers,
which pumps are also capable of being used as water motors or turbines, and which
improvements will render such apparatus very effective.
According to one modification, illustrated by Figures 1 to 3 of the accompanying
drawings, our new or improved pump, air propeller, or motor is constructed as
follows:-
The outer shell or casing A, shown in side elevation in Figure 1, and in side and
end elevations with one half of the casing A removed to shew the internal
mechanism, in Figures 2 and 3 respectively is formed, in two parts, of an
approximately cylindrical shape having inlet passage A' and outlet passage A²,
more or less tangentially situated at opposite sides, and is erected on a suitable
foundation and secured to same by the feet B. This inlet passage or duct A¹
leading the water or air into the interior of the casing A is preferably horizontal
and the outlet A2 vertical, but if used as a motor this arrangement may be reversed.
The driving shaft C is carried in suitable bearings a formed in the sides of the
casing A, some distance above its centre, and on it is secured a solid cylinder D of
hard wood by means of the side discs or plates E screwed to it and engaging with
the hexagonal shoulder c, but instead of a wood cylinder a hollow metal drum or a
frame may be used. On the periphery of these side plates E are formed a series of
radially projecting bearings e which carry by journals or trunnions F1 a series of six
vanes or paddles F free to oscillate on said journals F' which are formed on the
ends of each paddle F at its inner side. Each of the ranes or paddles F is fitted

page_text: with a pair of pulleys carried by a spindle or axle f¹ in bearings at each side
of the paddle F and project free to rotate beyond their sides. These pulleys f
enter and are free to revolve around within an annular groove or recess A³ formed
in both sides of the casing A said recess being placed eccentrically to the axis of
the drum or cylinder D. The action is that the paddles F are oscillated by the
pulleys running in the eccentric annular recess A³ on each side of the casing A as
the cylinder D carrying them is revolved by the shaft C. In this way at their
lowest point the paddles will stand out radially, and exert their greatest propelling
power on the water, air, or other fluid, while at the highest point they will be
carried so as to lie nearly flat on the top of the drum or cylinder D, the space
between the top of the drum and the upper part of casing being only sufficient to
allow the paddles to pass without contact. A passage A is formed from the inlet
branch A towards the upper part of casing to reduce any vacuum or back pressure
formed therein.
The details of the construction of this improved pump, air propeller, or motor
are capable of considerable modification, such as in the number and shape of the
vanes or paddles, the use of antifriction rollers of a hemispherical shape f Figure 5,
with the bushed eyes of which, studs f³ on the paddles F, shown in Figure 4, would
engage, instead of the pulleys f as previously described, or the paddles may be
mounted on stud centres screwed through the side plates E instead of being carried
on the trunnions F" as described. The essential features of the invention in this
form are the use of a drum within an outer casing carrying vanes or paddles
oscillated by means of pulleys, rollers, or balls, secured on them free to revolve
in an annular, oval, or cam shaped recess or groove, or it may be on an annular rib
or projection formed in or on the interior face of the sides of the outer casing.
To reduce any noise caused by the revolution of the feathering pulleys as they
revolve in the recess, the periphery of these may be faced with india rubber, or other
suitable material, or the recess may be lined.
When used as a motor any ordinary governing gear or arrangement may be used
to regulate the admission of the propelling fluid, by means of a balanced sluice
valve, or other valve.
By another modification instead of oscillating the paddles F by means of pulleys
running in recesses eccentric to the driving shaft C, they are oscillated by studs
projecting laterally at one or both sides at some distance from the journals or
trunnions Fas shown at Figure 4, and actuated by the means illustrated in
Figures 6, 7 and 8. These studs on the paddles F engage with eyes in the anti-
friction rollers 9 which work within slots G in the plate or disc G, the flanges g' of
the rollers bearing on the surface of plate within a recess G2 formed around the
plate G. This plate G is carried round along with the drum and paddles by
means of studs on the drum engaging with the eyes of the antifriction rollers g²
working within the slots G³ and receives a motion eccentric to the shaft C by the
action of a disc or annular plate A' fixed to or formed on the outer casing, and set
eccentric to the axis of the driving shaft C, and which acts on the inner circum-
ference of the annular plate. Antifriction balls may be used, as indicated at H
Figures 7 and 8. The casing A would be recessed, as shown at A Figure 7, so as
to receive the plate G and so keep the wall of the casing flush with same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. The construction and arrangement and combination of the parts of rotary
pumps, air propellers, or motors, all substantially as herein described and shown in
the accompanying drawings.
Second. The construction of rotary pumps or motors, having oscillating vanes or
paddles, with annular or cam shaped grooves or recesses formed in their casings for
the purpose of oscillating the paddles by means of pulleys or balls substantially as
herein described and shown in Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.

page_text: Third. In rotary pumps or motors the combination of paddles or vanes, pulleys
or balls, and eccentric annular grooves or cam shaped recesses all for the purposes
as herein described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. The construction of rotary pumps or motors, having oscillating vanes or
paddles, with an eccentrically acting annular plate for the purpose of oscillating the
paddles all substantially as herein described and shown in the accompanying
drawings, Figures 6 to 8.
Dated the 19th November 1894.