Improvements in Ships' Frames and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 15th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 5th June, 1897
Improvements in Ships' Frames and the like.
We, MONTAGUE HERBERT CHURCHILL SHANN, and RICHARD ERNEST
CHURCHILL SHANN, both Engineers, of 18 Aldgate Avenue, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the framing of ships and the like
and has for its object an arrangement whereby the framing of ships can be so
constructed that the skin plating is not, as is usual, stiffened only in parallel
directions, but on four sides of a square. These stiffening ribs also increase the
longitudinal strength of the ship; whereas the usual frames act as stiffeners only
and the longitudinal strength is got from the plating itself and special stringers.
One advantage which we obtain is that much thinner plating can be used, as
the plates are more rigidly held and a great deal of the strain is removed from
the plating to the frame. The frames in our invention lie in vertical planes
inclined at an angle to the line of the keel other than a right angle preferably
an angle of 45 degrees.
In carrying out our invention we make half of the frames in one direction and
the other half in the other so that they cross one another at intervals more
frequent than the pitch; where they cross we cut away the web and one of the
flanges of all the frames lying in one direction. Into these slots we place the
other frames and rivet the flanges together at the bottom of the slot. At each
crossing a strap is rivetted on to the other flange covering the gap, and is joggled
up to fit over the flange of the other frame and is also rivetted to the flange,
of the latter.
Thus half the frames are touching the plates and the other half are back from
the plating by a distance equal to the thickness of the flange of the first frames;
this distance may be filled with a packing strip or washers may be put round the
rivets. In this manner the plating is braced on four sides of a square and the
inclination of the frames is favourably situated for taking up the longitudinal
strains.
Dated this 12th day of Mov 1896
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.
We, MONTAGUE HERBERT CHURCHILL SHANN, and RICHARD ERNEST
CHURCHILL SHANN, Engineers, of 18 Aldgate Avenue, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the framing of ships and the like
and has for its object an arrangement whereby such framing can be so constructed

page_text: that the skin plating is not, as is usual, stiffened only in parallel directions, but on
four sides of a square. These stiffening ribs also increase the longitudinal strength
of the ship; whereas the usual frames act as stiffeners only and the longitudinal
strength is got from the plating itself and special stringers.
One advantage which we obtain is that much thinner plating can be used, as the
plates are more rigidly held and a great deal of the strain is removed from the
plating to the frames. The frames in our invention lie in vertical planes inclined
at an angle to the line of the keel other than a right angle, preferably an angle of
45 degrees.
In carrying out our invention we make half of the frames in one direction and
the other half in the other, so that they cross one another at intervals more
frequent than the pitch; where they cross we cut away the web and one of the
flanges of all the frames lying in one direction. Into these slots we place the other
frames and rivet the flanges together at the bottom of the slot. At each crossing a
strap is rivetted on to the other flange covering the gap, and is joggled up to fit
over the flange of the other frame and is also rivetted to the flange of the latter.
Thus half the frames are touching the plates and the other half are back from
the plating by a distance equal to the thickness of the flange of the first frames;
this distance may be filled with a packing strip or washers may be put round the
rivets all the frames being connected by rivets to the skin plating. In this manner
the plating is braced on four sides of a square and the inclination of the frames is
favourably situated for taking up the longitudinal strains.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a perspective elevation of portions of an intersecting pair of
frames A A B B, together with the adjacent skin plating.
Figure 2, is a perspective view showing the intersection of two frames A and B.
In the example chosen by way of illustration the frames are of Z-section bar,
but other sections may be employed if desired.
The improved frames A. laid at an angle with the keel are not mutilated, but the
frames B which lie at similar angle with the keel, but extend in the opposite
direction to that of the frames A, are cut away to a certain extent to allow the
frames A to pass through them, that is to say a gap 9 (see Figure 2) is. made in
the web b and in one flange of the frame B to allow the frame A to pass across
the remaining flange 62 which remains intact.
The frames A and B are rivetted to each other at the places where they cross,
and a strap C (Figure 1) is rivetted at its opposite ends to the frame B at the
opposite side of each gap g (Figure 1) and where it passes over the intersecting
frame B is rivetted to the latter."
The strap is joggled as at c Figure 1 where it crosses the flange a¹ of the
frame A.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the skin plating D can be laid against
and rivetted to one flange 62 of the frames B whilst where it is desired to rivet the
skin plating to the flanges of the other frames A, which are distant from the inside
of the skin plating by a distance equal to the thickness of the flange 63 of the
frame B, packing pieces E or washers F, can be interposed between the frames A
and the skin plating, and rivets passed through the whole.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A lattice framing for ships having inclined continuous frames substantially as
described.
2. Lattice framing for ships in which the skin plates are rivetted directly to
both systems of the lattice framing.
3. The combination with a Z-section frame B cut away as at 9 of another
Z-section frame A fitted together and strengthened by a strap such as C sub-
stantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 4. Ships' framing constructed and arranged substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of February 1897.
MONTAGUE H. CHURCHILL-SHANN
R. E. CHURCHILL SHANN,
Per his Agents, Boult & Wade.