Improvements in Manual Fire Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 14th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 28th Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Manual Fire Engines.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON 75 Upper Ground Street Blackfriars Road London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In manual fire engines of ordinary construction and such as have been of late years
in use in the Metropolitan London Fire Brigade and other brigades, the suction and
delivery valves are hinged or flap valves arranged on seatings keyed into chambers
placed on either side of the pump barrels, the suction valve being towards the back of
the engine with reference to the barrels, and the delivery valve toward the front.
Access is obtained to these valves by removing certain covers, also the air vessel;
if the valves are to be removed, the keys holding the seats are withdrawn and
considerable time and trouble is required in performing these operations. My
improvements consist in so altering and arranging the valves and valve box of a
manual fire engine of ordinary construction so that the valves and passages shall
be more accessible for inspection and cleaning; and the arrangement admits of
placing the suction and delivery branches in such a position as to be more
convenient for connecting the hose pipes. In my improved arrangement I use
mitre valves in place of the flap valves and arrange the suction and delivery valves
to each pump in a separate chamber on one side of the pump barrels either behind
or in front of the barrels; the delivery valve is larger than the suction valve, and
the seating of the suction valve is immediately below the delivery valve seat, so
that when the delivery valve is removed, the suction valve is uncovered and can be
withdrawn through the delivery valve seat. The delivery valve, and chamber is
covered by an air vessel with a screwed or flanged joint between air vessel and
valve box. The valve boxes to each pump are arranged about on the same line as
a centre line running through the pump barrels and parallel with the rocking shaft.
of engine. Thus the air vessels can be made of large capacity, and rise on either
side of the rocking shaft, and at their tops can be provided with an arrangement of
lugs, hexagon or other form, to receive a spanner or wrench; when these air
vessels are unscrewed the valves are exposed and can be at once examined and
cleaned and replaced. The suction inlet to the engine may be at the centre and.
rear of the engine as in an ordinary manual, and passing forward. to. the pump is
provided with a suction air vessel and then branches right and left to the valve
chambers; the delivery passage, from each chamber passes downwards in the valve
box in such a way as to leave the air vessels free to be removed without breaking
any pipe joints and this delivery passage from each chamber turns towards the
centre line of engine and unite in one; on this cross passage are.branches to receive
the delivery pipes which pass out at the back of the main carriage and on either
side of the central suction inlet.
Suitable guards or stops are provided for the delivery valves to strike against
and the delivery valves serve as a guard to the suction valves. The valve
chambers can be arranged in front of the pump barrels and the suction and
delivery branches carried to the front or rear or sides of the engine. The box of
the engine can be so arranged that the air vessels are accessible from the outside
without opening any lids and removing hose and the like packed therein.
In other forms of manuals such as of the curricle pattern, I arrange the valves
of both pump barrels under one air vessel; a special guard or stop being formed to

page_text: act for the two delivery valves, each suction valve is below its corresponding
delivery valve and all are accessible by unscrewing the delivery air vessel.
Dated this 13th day of December 1895.
improvements in manual Fire Engines.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON 75 Upper Ground Street Blackfriars Road London
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
In manual fire engines of ordinary construction and such as have been of late
years in use in the Metropolitan London Fire Brigade and other brigades the
suction and delivery valves are hinged or flap valves arranged on seatings keyed
into chambers placed on either side of the pump barrels the suction valve being
towards the back of the engine with reference to the barrels and the delivery
valve toward the front. Access is obtained to these valves by removing certain
covers also the air vessel; if the valves are to be removed the keys holding the
seats are withdrawn and considerable time and trouble is required in performing
these operations.
My improvements consists in so altering and arranging the valves and valve box
of a manual fire engine of ordinary construction so that the valves and passages
shall be more accessible for inspection and cleaning; and the arrangement admits
of placing the suction and delivery branches in such a position as to be more
convenient for connecting the hose pipes.
In my improved arrangement I use mitre valves in place of the flap valves and
arrange the suction and delivery valves to each pump in a separate chamber on
one side of the pump barrels, either behind or in front of the barrels ; the delivery
valve is larger than the suction valve and the seating of the suction valve is
immediately below the delivery valve seat, so that when the delivery valve is
removed, the suction valve is uncovered and can be withdrawn through the delivery.
valve seat. The delivery valve and chamber is covered by an air vessel with a
screwed or flanged joint between air vessel and valve box. The valve boxes to
each pump are arranged about on the same line as a centre line running through.
the pump barrels and parallel with the rocking shaft of engine. Thus the air
vessels can be made of large capacity, and rise on either side of the rocking shaft
and at their tops can be provided with an arrangement of lugs, hexagon or other
form to receive a spanner or wrench; when these air vessels are unscrewed the
valves are exposed and can be at once examined and cleaned and replaced. The
suction inlet to the engine may be at the centre and rear of the engine as in an
ordinary manual, and passing forward to the pump is provided with a suction air
vessel, and then branches right and left to the valve chambers; the delivery
passage from each chamber passes downwards in the valve box in such a way as to
leave the air vessels free to be removed without breaking any pipe joints, and this
delivery passage from each chamber turns towards the centre line of engine and
unite in one; on this cross passage are branches to receive the delivery pipes which
pass out at the back of the main carriage and on either side of the central suction
inlet.
Suitable guards or stops are provided for the delivery valves to strike against
and the delivery valves serve as a guard to the suction valves. The valve.chambers
can be arranged in front of the pump barrels and the suction and delivery branches
carried to the front or rear or sides of the engines. The box of the engine can be

page_text: so arranged that the air vessels are accessible from the outside without opening
any lids and removing hose and the like packed therein.
In other forms of manuals such as of the curricle pattern, I arrange the valves
of both pump barrels under one air vessel; a special guard or stop being formed
to act for the two delivery valves, each suction valve is below its corresponding
delivery valve and all are accessible by unscrewing the delivery air vessel.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
so arranged that the air vessels are accessible from the outside without opening
any lids and removing hose and the like packed therein.
In other forms of manuals such as of the curricle pattern, I arrange the valves
of both pump barrels under one air vessel; a special guard or stop being formed
to act for the two delivery valves, each suction valve is below its corresponding
delivery valve and all are accessible by unscrewing the delivery air vessel.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a manual fire engine with my improved arrange-
ment of valve box and pumps.
Fig. 2 is a sectional end elevation through the rear end of carriage on a
line (A) (A) Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan through hose box on a line (B) (B) Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of pumps and valve box and back end of carriage.
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan of the same.
Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of lower part of delivery air vessel when connected
to the valve box by a screwed joint.
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of the same when a flanged joint is substituted for
the screw.
Fig. 8 is a plan of delivery valve guard formed in the lower part of the delivery
air vessel.
Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation of pump and valve box and back end of carriage
shewing delivery branches leading to the front or side of the engine and with
delivery air vessel and valve box in front of pump barrels.
Fig. 10 is a sectional plan of the same.
Fig. 11 is a sectional front elevation of pumps and valve box as constructed for
the curricle pattern engine.
Fig. 12 is a sectional eud elevation of the same.
Fig. 13 is a plan of the valve guard.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the carriage of engine is of ordinary construction
consisting of body (C), hose box (D), side pockets (E) (E), fore locking (F) the
whole being mounted on springs and running wheels. (G) (G) are the pump
barrels, (H) the valve box, (I) the suction inlet, (J) (J) the delivery outlets
leading to the back of engine and in a convenient position for connecting the hose
pipe. (K) is the rocking shaft, (L) the vibrating lever, (M) (M) the links con-
necting vibrating lever (L) to pump piston (N) (N), and (0) (0) are the working
handles, the part (P) of the hose box (D) is arranged to allow the delivery air
vessels (Q) to be unscrewed and disconnected from the valve box (H) without
removing the lid or any part or contents of hose box (D).
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation through Fig. 5 on a line (R) (R).
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan, the one half (S) being through delivery branch (J)
and chamber (T) on the line (U) (U) and the other half (V) through suction
branch (I) and chamber (W) on the line (X) (Y) (U). (G) (G) are the pump
barrels bolted by a flange to the valve box (H), (N) is a piston (M) (M) the
coupling links to vibrating lever (L) of rocking shaft (K), (Z) (Z) are the
suction valves, and (A') (A') the delivery valves of that kind known as mitre
valves, (B) is the delivery valve seat and (C) the suction valve seat, (I) is the
suction inlet and (J) (J) the delivery outlets the valve box (H) is bolted to the
body (C) of carriage by means of the lugs or brackets (D) (D) and with the air
vessel (Q) may be situated at the back of the barrels (G) (G) as shewn at Figs. 4 & 5
or at the front of the barrels as shewn at Figs. 9 and 10. The delivery air
vessels (Q) are connected to the valve box (H) by a screwed joint (D¹) Fig. 4
also shewn to a larger scale at Fig. 6 or the same may be accomplished by means
of a flange joint (E¹) as shewn at Fig. 7; the piece (F¹) forming the lower part

page_text: of delivery air vessel (Q) contains the guard (G¹) to the delivery valve (A').
Fig. 8 is a plan of the guard (G¹) having a central boss (H¹) against which the
delivery valve (A') beats, the boss (H') being connected to the lower part (F¹) of
delivery air vessel (Q) by four or any number of radial ribs (I) (I¹) (¹) on the
lower end of the delivery valve (A¹) is a boss (J¹) forming a guard or beat for
the suction valve (Z). At the upper end of delivery air vessel (Q) is a cap or
cover (K) having formed upon it four or any number of lugs or projections (L')
(L') (L') to receive a wrench or spanner and by means of which the air vessel (Q)
together with the lower part (F1) containing the guard (G¹) may be screwed unto
or unscrewed from the valve box (H) or in the case of the flanged joint (E')
Fig. 7 the air vessel may be disconnected or attached by means of the bolts in the
flange. The delivery air vessel (Q) being removed, the delivery valve (A') may
be withdrawn from its seat (B¹) and this being done the suction valve (Z) being
smaller in diameter then the delivery valve (A) may be withdrawn from its
seat (C) through the opening left by the removal of the delivery valve. Referring
to Figs. 9 & 10 the delivery branch may be arranged to lead to the front of engine
as shewn at (J) (J') or out at the sides as shewn at (K) (K). The other letters
of reference apply to the description given with Figs. 4, 5 & 6. The delivery air
vessels (Q) (Q) may be removed and one larger air vessel substituted which may
be placed in the centre of valve box (H) the openings of the valves (A') (A') being
closed by a plate or other cover.
Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation on a line (L¹) (L') Fig. 12; and Fig. 12 is a
sectional elevation on a line (M') (M¹) Fig. 11 of pumps and valve box of the
curricle engine pattern. (Ni) (N) are the delivery valves, (01) (0¹) are the
suction valves, (P1) (P1) the suction valve seats and (Q') (Q) the delivery valve
seats, (R) is the suction inlet and (S¹) the delivery outlet. The delivery_air
vessel (T) has a lower part (U¹) screwed to connect to the valve box at (V¹);
the upper part of (U¹) is cylindrical to receive the air vessel and on its outer
circumference a number of slots or grooves (W') (W¹) are formed to receive a
wrench or spanner for the purpose of connecting or disconnecting the air
vessel (T) from the valve box (✗¹) the lower part of (UT) of the air vessel (T¹)
contains a delivery valve guard (Y) a plan of which is shewn at Fig. 13. (Z¹) is
a concentric ring the mean diameter of which is equal to the distance between the
centre of, and forms a beat for the delivery valves (N¹) (N¹) and these have
bosses (A) (A') in their lower ends forming guards or beats for the suction
valves (0) (0¹).
The concentric ring (Z') is connected to the part (U¹) by four or any number
of radial ribs (B') (B³). The air vessel (T¹) with the part (U) containing
valve guard (1) being removed the delivery valves (N¹) (N) may be readily
withdrawn and in a like manner the suction valves (0¹) (0¹) may be withdrawn
through the space left by the removal of delivery valves (N¹) (N¹).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. I claim the arrangement of the pump of a single acting double cylinder
manual fire engine having one or more mitre valves for the suction of pump placed
below and concentrically with one or more mitre valves for the delivery of pump;
the delivery valves being larger than the suction valves and allowing the suction
valves to be withdrawn through the delivery valve seats, each delivery valve or
set of valves being. covered by an air vessel or their cover easily removed as
illustrated & described.
Secondly. In a double cylinder single acting manual pump the arrangement of
such valves under separate air vessels or covers, one to each cylinder or under one
air vessel or cover common to both as illustrated & described."
Thirdly. The arrangement of delivery passages from air vessel chamber allowing
the valves to be got at without breaking any joint except that of the cover or air

page_text: vessel and the arrangement of guard to deliver valves, arranged in the air vessel
as illustrated and described.
Fourthly. I claim the arrangement of valves, passages, guards as illustrated
and described with separate air vessels or covers to each pump, or one air vessel
common to both, arranged behind the pump barrels or in front thereof-and with.
suction branches and delivery branches towards the back of engine or to the front
or side of body or carriage as illustrated and described.
Fifthly. The arrangement of manual engine box and cover made so that the-
air vessels and pump barrels are without the hose box and readily got at without.
having to remove the hose and the like within the box all as illustrated and.
described.
Dated this 13th day of September 1896.
JAMES CADOUX HUDSON.