IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING RAILWAY SLEEPERS AND CHAIRS WHERE TIE-BARS ARE USED
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Barrett, of Norton Furnaces, near Stockton-
on-Tees, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING RAILWAY SLEEPERS
AND CHAIRS WHERE TIE-BARS ARE USED."
Sealed the 17th February 1868, and dated the 22nd August 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Barrett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd August 1862.
I, WILLIAM BARRETT, of Norton Furnaces, near Stockton-on-Tees, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING
RAILWAY SLEEPERS AND CHAIRS WHERE TIE-BARS ARE USED," to be as follows:
This Invention has for its object improvements in casting railway sleepers
and chairs where tie-bars are used, and such improvements are applicable
when casting chairs which have hollow inverted sleepers similar to those
known as Greaves', through which, when in use, tie-bars are passed and
secured by keys. When making a mould for the casting of a chair and
sleeper of this description, cores are used to produce the requisite holes in the
castings for the passage of the tie bars; this is usually done by forming prints
on the pattern, which produce depressions in the sand, into which the core,
separately moulded, is afterwards fitted.
Now according to my Invention, in place of making the core for the

page_text: purpose of producing the hole, as heretofore, it is according to the present
Invention, made in two parts, one part is of iron and the other of sand. The
portion which is of iron is (when covered with loam) moulded in the upper
box on the convex surface, which produces the hollow of the sleeper; the
portion which is of sand is produced in the lower box in the same manner as
the other parts of the mould. Thus it will be seen that the core is formed
complete in the upper and lower boxes, and has not, as heretofore, to be laid
in as a separate piece between the two after the pattern has been drawn, and
the mould is otherwise complete.
By this method the holes are cast perfectly clean and true, and require no
fitting or filling, as the tie-bar will pass through the holes readily, and the
ends where the gibs and cotters come are also as true as possible. Time and
labour also is saved in the moulding.
It is not essential that the portion of the core described as being of iron
should be of this material, it may be moulded in the sand of the upper box in
the same manner as the other parts of the mould, (the pattern being suitably
formed to produce it,) and this method also will save time and labour in
the moulding; but for the reasons already given, it is preferred to make this
part of the core of iron, as originally stated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed 2
by the said William Barrett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BARRETT, of Norton Furnaces, near Stockton-on-Tees, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 2
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Barrett, Her special licence that I, the said William
Barrett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, 8
the said William Barrett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
hereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for 8
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CASTING RAILWAY SLEEPERS AND CHAIRS WHERE TIE-BARS ARE

page_text: USED," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Barrett,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Barrett, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in casting railway sleepers
and chairs where tie-bars are used, and such improvements are applicable
when casting chairs which have hollow inverted sleepers similar to those
known as Greaves', through which, when in use, tie-bars are passed and
secured by keys. When making a mould for the casting of a chair and
sleeper of this description, cores are used to produce the requisite holes in the
castings for the passage of the tie-bars. This is usually done by forming
prints on the pattern which produce depressions in the sand into which the
core separately moulded is afterwards fitted.
Now in place of making the core for the purpose of producing the hole, as
heretofore, it is according to the present Invention made in two parts, one
part is of iron and the other of sand. The portion which is of iron is (when
covered with loam) moulded in the upper box on the convex surface, which
produces the hollow of the sleeper; the portion which is of sand is produced
in the lower box in the same manner as the other parts of the mould. Thus
it will be seen that the core is formed complete in the upper and lower boxes,
and has not, as heretofore, to be laid in as a separate piece between the two
after the pattern has been drawn, and the mould is otherwise complete.
By this method the holes are cast perfectly clean and true, and require no
fitting or filing, as the tie-bar will pass through the holes readily, and the
ends where the gibs and cotters come are also as true as possible. Time and
labor also is saved in the moulding.
It is not essential that the portion of the core described as being of iron
should be of this material, it may be moulded in the sand of the upper box in
the same manner as the other parts of the mould (the pattern being suitably
formed to produce it) and this method also will save time and labor in the
moulding; but for the reasons already given it is preferred to make this part
of the core of iron as originally stated..

page_text: And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a plan of a chair and sleeper, such as is known as Greaves';
it is shewn as an example of a chair and sleeper to the production of which
my Invention is applicable. A portion of a tie-bar and a gib and cotter are
shewn in connection with the chair and sleeper; Figure 2 is a vertical section
of a mould constructed according to my Invention, and suitable for casting a
chair and sleeper such as that shewn at Figure 1.
a, a, is the upper box, with the sand therein, and b, b, are the metal cores.
This upper box is produced on a pattern surface suitably formed for this
purpose; the box is secured to the surface, and the cores b, b, are fitted into
recesses therein; the box is then rammed with sand and lifted off the pattern
surface; c is the lower box, with the sand therein. This box is also rammed
on a suitable pattern, which is such as has heretofore been used, except that
there are no core prints upon it, but it has recesses to produce in the mould
the portions of sand marked c², c', which go to complete the core. When
the pattern is drawn the two boxes are fitted together, and produce a mould
without any core being introduced either between the boxes or into either of
them. After removing the pattern, as before mentioned, it is obvious that the
metal cores b, b, may be omitted, or similar cores may be moulded in loam, and
employed in the same manner; and this will also be found very convenient in
practice, and will be found to produce very true holes and surfaces for the gibs
and cotters. Loam cores constructed in this manner are, indeed, in some
respects preferable to those of iron..
In witness whereof, I, the said William Barrett, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
ROB. THO. HARRISON,
Norton.
WILLIAM BARRETT. (L.S.)