Improvements in Water Tube Steam Boilers.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Aug.. 1899
Complete Specification Left. 1st May, 1900-Accepted, 30th June, 1900.
Improvements in Water Tube Steam Boilers.
We, JOHN SAMUEL WHITE and JoHN LEE WHITE, both of East Cowes, Isle of
Wight, Shipbuilders and Engineers and ANDREW FORSTER; of the same place,
Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:--
This invention consists first in the construction of water tube boilers as herein-
after described whereby such boilers are rendered more suitable for large vessels
than those of the constructions heretofore usual and a larger extent of heating
surface within a given space is obtained.
According to this part of the said invention the boiler is provided with two
steam chambers and five water chambers two of the water chambers being
arranged at the outermost part of the sides of the boiler one at each side and
connected to the steam chambers by means of tubes arranged so as to form the
side walls of the boiler and one of the other water chambers being arranged
midway between the said outer water chambers and connected to each of the
steam chambers by means of groups of rows of water tubes. In the spaces
between this middle water chamber and the outermost water chambers are ar-
ranged the other two water chambers (hereinafter termed the intermediate water
chambers) which are connected respectively to the steam chambers by means of
groups of rows of water tubes. The two intermediate water chambers and the
middle water chamber are supported on steel girders protected by fire brick or
by means of fire brick walls built longitudinally in the boiler and resting on
girders the positions of the said walls relatively to each other and to the outermost
water chambers being by preference such that the spaces between the latter and
the intermediate chambers are greater than the spaces between the intermédiate
and middle chambers. In these spaces are formed the furnaces of which there
are consequently four namely two outer furnaces and two inner furnaces
the grate area of the former being larger than or equal to that of the latter
according to the positions of the supports of the middle and intermediate water
chambers. The water and steam chambers are provided with connections outside
the boiler to provide for circulation as usual. The uptake is situated between
the two steam chambers and the gases from the furnaces pass thereto as follows:-
The gases from the two outer furnaces pass through the groups of tubes connect-
ing the intermediate water chambers with the steam chamber and afterward
through the groups of tubes connecting the middle water chamber with the two
steam chambers and thence pass to the uptake. The gases from the inner
furnaces pass only through the group of tubes connecting the middle water
chamber with the two steam chambers and thence pass to the uptake.
Two water chambers may be substituted for the one middle water chamber
described. In that case the said two water chambers are respectively connected
to the steam chambers by the groups of rows of water tubes and the boiler in
consequence virtually consists of two independent sections each of which con-
stitutes a complete boiler.
Or the entire boiler may be of the construction of one of the said sections and

page_text: be provided with furnaces arranged as in the construction of boiler herein first
described or otherwise arranged so that a portion of the hot gases therefrom will
pass through one of the two groups of rows of water tubes and another portion
through both the groups of rows of water tubes on their way to the uptake.
The said invention consists further in the combination with a boiler constructed.
as hereinbefore described of additional water and steam chambers connected by
water tubes the additional parts being so arranged as to constitute an "econo-
mizer" or feed heater by which a still larger extent of heating surface is obtained
and the heat generated in the furnaces is further utilized.
According to this part of the said invention a combustion chamber for the gases
is formed in the lower part of the uptake between the two steam chambers of the
boiler herein before described so that the gases on their way to the chimney pass
through the said combustion chamber which is provided with inlets for air to
produce combustion of the gases passing through it and the additional parts
hereinbefore referred to are arranged as follows. At the upper part of the said
combustion chamber are arranged two water chambers one on each side and
above is a steam chamber which is connected to the additional water chamber
on one side by means of a wall of water tubes and to the additional water chamber
on the other side by means of a group of rows of water tubes crossing the entrance
to the uptake. The said two water chambers are connected by means of outside
pipe as usual in water tube boilers and the water and steam spaces of the
additional steam chamber are connected with the water and steam spaces of one
or other of the two steam chambers of the boiler proper. The feed water pipe
is connected to one of the additional water chambers preferably the one which
is connected to the additional steam chamber by means of the group of rows of
water tubes.
In consequence of the arrangement described of the addition constituting the
economizer or feed heater and the connections between it and the boiler and
feed water pipe the feed which is introduced into the water chamber of the
economizer passes therefrom into the upper or steam chamber thereof to a certain
level and descends from it to the boiler proper the amount of feed being
governed by the water level in the boiler proper which by the said arrangement
receives water only from the overflow of the economizer.
The boiler herein before described is provided with the usual metal casing and
the addition which constitutes the economizer or feed heater is provided with a
similar casing arranged outside the wall of water tubes.
The water tubes of the several groups connecting the steam and water chambers
of both the boiler and the economizer or feed heater are arranged and connected
to the said chambers as described and illustrated in the Specification of Letters
Patent No. 22222 granted to us and bearing date the 28th day of September 1897.
Dated this First day of August 1899.
Improvements in Water Tube Steam Boilers.
We, JOHN SAMUEL WHITE and JOHN LEE WHITE, both of East Cowes, Isle of
Wight, Shipbuilders and Engineers and ANDREW FORSTER, of the same place,
Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement: -
This invention relates to water tube steam boilers consisting of steam chambers

page_text: and water chambers connected by groups of water tubes and the said invention
consists in the improvements in such boilers hereinafter described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings the objects of which improvements are to render
such boilers inore suitable for large vessels than those of the constructions here-
tofore usual and to obtain a larger extent of heating surface within a given space.
A boiler embodying certain of the said improvements and consisting of two
steam chambers and five water chambers connected by water tubes is illustrated
in Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings Figure 1 being a front
elevation of the said boiler Figure 2 à transverse section thereof and Figure 3 a
section taken on the line A Figure 2 the portion of the side casing which is
within the said line a..d some of the connecting tubes being omitted.
The boiler illustrated in the said Figures 1, 2 and 3 consists of two steam
chambers and five water chambers c d e f g with connecting water tubes
arranged in conjunction with furnaces h h h* * as hereinafter described within
a casing of ordinary construction and lined at parts with firebrick j and having
non-conducting composition applied to other parts in the ordinary manner.
The space enclosed by the said casing is in communication with an uptake
and the steam and water chambers are furnished with outside connections m m
to provide for circulation of water as usual with water tube boilers of other con-
struction. The steam spaces of the steam chambers a b communicate by means
of pipes nn. oo are rows of water tubes by which the steam chambers and b
are respectively connected to the water chambers cy and which form the side walls
of the boiler and p p p* p* are groups of rows of water tubes connecting the said
steam chambers and the water chambers d e f which are supported by firebrick
walls gq separating the several furnaces the said walls being built on girders
and having hollows ss formed in them to and from which hollows air passes
through holes t t on its way to the furnaces as indicated by arrows in Figure 2.
From the furnaces the gases pass through the groups of connecting water tubes
as also indicated by arrows in the said Figure 2 that is to say the gases from the
outer furnaces h pass through both the outer and inner groups of water
tubes * 2* and the gases from the inner furnaces * * pass through only
the inner groups of connecting tubes * p* mingling with and improving com-
bustion of the gases from the said outer furnaces h h.
The novel features of construction of the boiler illustrated in the said Figures 1,
2 and 3 consist mainly in the division of the total grate area into comparatively
small portions which admits of the furnaces being controlled with facility and
the arrangement of the several steam and water chambers and groups of connect-
ing water tubes in the positions relatively to each other and to the furnaces and
uptake illustrated in Figure 2 whereby passage of the gases as desired is pro-
duced.
The position illustrated of the steam chambers a relatively to the uptake
admits of more convenient examination of the said steam chambers than where
they are situated as usual within the uptake.
The external fittings of the boiler which are illustrated in Figure 1 are a
water feed regulator of any suitable construction soot doors doors ww
admitting of acess to the several groups of connecting tubes for cleaning them
furnace sight holes a fire doors yy and air doors = z.
Some modifications may be made in the construction of the boiler hereinbefore
described without departing from the essential features of construction. Thus
two water chambers one on each side of the middle of the boiler may be substi
tuted for the single chamber e one of the said two water chambers being in that
case connected to the steam chamber a and the other to the steam chamber so
as virtually to make the two halves of the boiler independent. Or the entire
boiler may be of the construction of one of the said halves the furnaces being
arranged as illustrated in Figure 2 or otherwise arranged so that a portion of
the hot gases therefrom will pass through one of the two groups of connecting
water tubes and another portion through both the groups of water tubes before

page_text: entering the uptake. Such an alternative arrangement of the furnaces is illus-
trated in Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings which Figures show
respectively a section of the said arrangement and an elevation of the internal
parts the casing at the front or fire box side of the boiler and the uptake not being
shown in Figure 5. Referring to the said Figures 4 and 5-1, 1 are the furnaces
from which the gases issue partially through openings 2, 2 in the arched roofs 3, 3
and partially from their open rear ends the gases from the rear ends of the
furnaces passing through both the groups of water tubes and the gases issuing
from the openings 2, 2 passing through only one of the groups of water tubes and
mingling with the gases from the ends of the furnaces and thus improving com-
bustion. The course of the gases from the furnaces through the groups of tubes
as described is clearly indicated by the arrows. 4 is a deflector for preventing
too direct passage of the gases to the uptake 5.
Further improvements comprised in the said invention consist in the combina-
tion with a boiler constructed as herein before described of additional water and
steam chambers connected by water tubes the additional parts being so arranged
as to constitute an economizer or feed heater and being in effect an additional
steam generator by which the heat of the gases passing from the boiler proper
to the uptake is utilized.
Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings illustrates in elevation and Figure 7
ir transverse section the upper portion of a boiler of the construction illustrated
in Figures 1, 2 and 3 having combined with it a feed water heater according to
the said further improvements. The parts of the boiler proper illustrated in the
said Figures 6 and 7 are marked with the same letters of reference as those in
the said Figures 1, 2 and 3.
The said feed water heater consists of a steam chamber 6 connected by a group
of water tubes 7 with a water chamber 8 and by a wall of water tubes 9 with
another water.chamber 10 the whole being arranged in the lower part of the
uptake 11 of the boiler and having a combustion chamber 12 formed below it in
which combustion of the gases passing from the boiler to the uptake is produced
by entrance of air through apertures in the walls of the said chamber as indicated
by the arrows. The water chamber 8 is furnished with a connection 13 for
admission of feed water and communicates with the steam chamber 6 and the
water chamber 10 by means of outside pipes 14, 14. The steam space of the
steam chamber G communicates with the steam space of one of the steam
chambers of the boiler proper by means of a pipe 15 and the water spaces of the
same chambers communicate by means of a pipe 16. The effect of this arrange-
ment is as follows:-The feed water which enters the water chamber 8 passes
therefrom into the steam chamber 6 to the level of the top of the pipe 16 and
descends through the said pipe into the steam chamber of the boiler the amount
of feed being governed by the water level in the said boiler which by the said
arrangement receives water only from the overflow of the feed water heater.
Beside the economy of heat resulting from the said arrangement it is accompanied
by the advantages that the whole system is governed by one feed water regulator
and that one set of mountings only is necessary to the whole which virtually con-
stitutes three boilers.
The several groups of water tubes connecting the steam and water chambers of
the boilers herein before described and of the feed water heater arranged as de-
scribed in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to us and bearing date the
28th September 1897 No. 22222.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim:-
First In water tube steam boilers consisting of steam and water chambers
connected by groups of water tubes the arrangement or disposition of the furnaces
and the several groups of water tubes relatively to each other and to the uptake

page_text: substantially as herein before described whereby the gases from one of two
contiguous furnaces are caused to pass through two of the said groups of tubes
and the gases from the other of the said furnaces are caused to pass through one
only of the said groups of tubes.
Secondly--In water tube steam boilers consisting of steam and water chambers
connected by groups of water tubes the relative arrangement of the groups of
tubes and of the furnaces substantially as herein before described with reference
to Figure 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings whereby the furnace gases are
caused to pass partly over the whole of the tube surface and partly over a portion
thereof only.
Thirdly Water tube steam boilers of the construction illustrated in Figures 1,
2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
:
Fourthly Water tube steam boilers of the construction illustrated, in
Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
:
Fifthly The combination with a water steam boiler of a feed water heater
consisting of water and steam chambers connected by water tubes between which
the gases from the boiler pass before escaping by the uptake the said heater
being in communication with the boiler substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Twenty Seventh day of April 1900.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.