IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREADING, PICKING AND LETTING-OFF MOTIONS OF LOOMS
Year: 1885

page_text: of Looms.
Sing on MotionsS
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY of Keighley, Yorkshire, Machine Maker
and JAMES HILL of the same place Mechanic do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREADING, PICKING AND LETTING-OFF MOTIONS
OF LOOMS to be as follows:-
:-
Our invention relates :-
Firstly to an improved arrangement of the pattern cylinder motion which governs
the actions of the treading motion known as Hattersley's positive heald machine.
Heretofore the motion imparted to the said pattern cylinder has been simply
intermittent rotary, but to this we add, according to our improved arrangement,
an oscillatory or rising and falling movement so that the said pattern cylinder is
lowered, partly revolved in either direction, and then raised to press its pattern
surface against a series of levers mounted on a shaft carried by the frame work of
the machine; the said levers being connected so as to operate upon the draw hooks
of the machine in the usual manner. The said draw hooks being those used for
raising and lowering the healds. The above named series of levers being so formed
by having their fulcrumed ends, through which passes the shaft, upon which they
are mounted, slotted, and a segmentally forked part formed at or near their other
ends to span a horizontal shaft and so keep them in proper position; that when
any of the heald levers are not required to be in use these levers may be lifted,
slided and so held that they are out of contact with the pattern cylinder.
The aforesaid movements of the pattern cylinder are accomplished by mounting
loosely the said pattern cylinder in the ends of lever arins extending horizontally
and having their other ends fixed to a horizontal shaft stretching across the machine
parallel with the said cylinder. To this shaft is fixed another lever arm which
extends downwards and has hinged to it at its bottom end a forked connecting rod,
its forked end being made so as to span an upright revolving shaft and rest upon
the boss of a tappit fixed thereon, thereby being held in proper position. Attached
to the forked connecting rod is an antifriction bowl which by the weight of the
pattern cylinder is kept in constant contact with the above named tappit, from this
it will be seen that as the said tappit revolves, an upward and downward or
oscillatory movement is imparted to the before named pattern cylinder.
[Prine 11/1

page_text: To impart intermittent rotary motion to the above named pattern cylinder we
couple it to the crown wheel, which is operated upon by the nogging wheel, usually
used, fixed to the beforenamed upright revolving shaft; by toothed gearing in
such a manner that as the said pattern cylinder oscillates or moves up and down
with the horizontal lever arm, the said toothed gearing will keep it constantly
coupled with the crown wheel.
The levelling of the healds, for well known purposes, is accomplished by attaching
to the frame work of the machine a handle which when turned comes in contact
with one of the horizontal lever arms upon which the pattern cylinder is mounted,
holding it from rising and so overcoming the strength of the spring in the coupling
box at the lower part of the upright revolving shaft, thus stopping the oscillatory
or upward and downward movement of the pattern cylinder, while at the next
movement of the loom all the draw hooks of the machine, since they are not now
operated upon by the before mentioned pattern cylinder, are brought into connection
with their draw bars and are operated upon so that all the healds are brought into
such a position that all the ends of warp are put into the same plane or what is
commonly understood as levelled."
«
Secondly to an improved method of controlling the picking motion by the heald
machine.
We make use of the parts in the heald machine such as are usually used for
working the healds with the exception that the heald lever is turned with its
projecting end inwards instead of outwards. This inward projecting end is coupled
with a connecting rod and suitably yielding springs to a lever arm fixed on a tube
mounted upon a shaft stretching horizontally under the heald machine (the said
shaft being the one that is used in an ordinary way for manually changing the
direction of the cylinder motion). Fixed to the above named tube is another lever
arm which by a connecting rod and lever is coupled to a shaft mounted loosely in
bearings fixed to the bottom or suitable part of the end frame of the loom and
stretching from one side of the loom to the other. This shaft is coupled by
suitable levers, connecting rods and parts to operate on a catch on each side of the
loom in such a manner that when the catch is put into gear with the notched plate
fixed to the horizontal picking shaft on one side of the loom, the catch on the other
side of the loom is held out of gear with its notched plate, so that it is impossible
for the picking motions on both sides of the loom to be put into operation at one
and the same time; however by adjusting the levers so as to partially lower one
catch and partially raise the other, they are both held clear of the notched plates
and thus the picking is discontinued, which is very essential during the well known
process of lagging back.
In order to adjust and hold both catches out of gear with the notched plate as
above described we mount an inclined lever arm upon a horizontal shaft carried by
the frame work of the heald machine in such a manner that when the said shaft
is manually operated upon by a handle for that purpose, the said inclined arm
operates upon the lever arm (before described as being coupled by yielding springs
and connecting rod to the inward projecting end of the heald lever), the said
springs being used so as to allow the lever arm to be moved, notwithstanding the
heald lever being held rigidly, sufficiently far to allow the two catches to be placed
in the position above described.
Thirdly to an improved arrangement of the well known automatic letting-off
motion applied to double warp beams, whereby we are enabled to operate on both
the releasing catches by one set of apparatus and one motion.
This we accomplish by placing the horizontal shaft in each motion on one and
the same side of the loom, and one above the other. As is well known these shafts
stretch from connection with the warp beams at the back to the front part of the
loom in order that the weaver may, by a hand wheel fixed on each shaft, operate
on the said warp beams as is from time to time found necessary.
The above named hand wheel on each shaft also forms a friction wheel, partially
around each of which passes a leather strap weighted to gain the desired friction

page_text: as is well understood in connection with these motions and by our improved
arrangements these straps are so joined that one weight suffices for both. Upon
each horizontal shaft at a suitable distance from the friction hand wheel is fixed
a catch wheel which is operated upon by a catch mounted loosely on an arm of a
suitably shaped lever which is also mounted upon the above named horizontal
shaft. These levers being in a suitable position one above the other we are enabled
to pull them both in the same direction by one spring, and again we are also enabled
to act upon or pull them, in the other direction, as also the catches carried by them,
with one motion; since by joining or operating upon these levers by a suitably
slotted connecting rod it will be seen that one motion, which we derive by suitable
levers and connecting rod from the swing rail upon which is mounted the going
part or slay board of the loom, gives the desired upward and downward movement.
Datad this and t…..“ Tul…. 100r

page_text: We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY of Keighley in the County of York,
Machine Maker, and JAMES HILL of the same place, Overlooker do hereby declare
the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREADING, PICKING AND
LETTING-OFF MOTIONS OF LOOMS and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
Our invention relates:-
Firstly to an improved arrangement of the pattern cylinder mechanism which
governs the actions of the treading motion known as Hattersley's positive heald
machine.
Secondly to an improved method of controlling the picking motion by the heald
machine.
Thirdly to an improved arrangement of the well known automatic letting-off
motions or mechanisms applied to double warp beams.
Such being the nature of our invention, in order that the same may be clearly
understood, we will proceed to describe it, reference being had to the accompanying
sheets of drawings illustrative thereof.
On sheet fig. 1 is a side elevation of the heald machine as applied to a loom,
illustrating the arrangement of the pattern cylinder mechanism, fig. 2 is a plan
thereof, while figs. 3, 4 and 5 are detached drawings of parts of same.
On sheet 2 fig. 6 is a sectional front elevation of a loom with the heald machine
'applied, illustrating the picking mechanism as connected to the heald machine.
Figs. 7 and 8 are detached drawings further illustrating parts of the picking
mechanism.
On sheet 3, figs. 9 and 10 are sectional end elevation and front elevation,
respectively, of a loom illustrating the automatic letting-off mechanisms according
to our improved arrangements.
In all the drawings only as many parts of a loom are shewn as are necessary to
illustrate the application of our improvements.
Like letters and figures of reference indicate like parts in all the drawings.
The parts in the drawings marked A indicate the end frame of the loom.
Now as to the first part of our invention; heretofore the motion imparted to the
pattern cylinder 1 has been simply intermittent rotary, but to this we add,
according to our improved arrangement, an oscillatory or rising and falling move-
ment so that the said pattern cylinder 1 is lowered, partially revolved in either
direction, and then raised to press its pattern surface against a series of levers 2
mounted on a shaft 3 carried by the frame work 4 of the machine, the said levers 2
being connected so as to operate upon the draw hooks 5, 5a (fig. 6) in the usual
manner. The said draw hooks 5, 5a being those used for operating the healds
as is well understood. The series of levers 2 being so formed by having their
fulcrumed ends, through which passes the shaft 3, slotted, and a segmentally
forked part formed at or near their other ends to span a horizontal shaft 6 and so
keep them in proper position, that when any of the heald levers 7 are not required

page_text: to be in use these levers may be lifted, slided and so held that they are out of
contact with the pattern cylinder 1 as is illustrated by fig. 4.
The aforesaid movements of the pattern cylinder 1 are accomplished by mounting
it loosely in the ends of lever arms 8 and 9 extending horizontally and having
their outer ends fixed to the horizontal shaft 6 which stretches across the machine
parallel with the cylinder 1. To this shaft 6 is fixed another lever arm 10 which
extends downwards and has hinged to it a forked connecting rod 11, its forked.
end being made so as to span an upright revolving shaft 12 and rest upon the boss
of a tappit 13 fixed thereon, thereby being held in proper position. Attached to
the forked connecting rod 11 is an antifriction bowl 14 which by the weight of
the cylinder 1 is kept in constant contact with the tappit 13 as will readily be
understood, from this it will be seen that as the said tappit 13 revolves, the
cylinder 1 is raised and lowered.
To impart intermittent rotary motion to the said pattern cylinder 1, we couple
it to the crown' wheel 14a, which is operated upon by the nogging wheel 15 fixed
to the revolving shaft 12; by the toothed gearing 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 and
shaft 21. The wheel 16 being rigidly fixed to the shaft of the cylinder 1, the
wheel 17 mounted loosely on the pin a carried by the lever arm 8, the wheel 18
rigidly attached to the bevil wheel 19 and together mounted loosely on the shaft 6
to which is rigidly attached the lever arm 8 as previously described, and the
wheel 20 fixed to the shaft 21 to which is also fixed the crown wheel 14a, it will
be seen that the intermittent rotary motion imparted to the said crown wheel 14
from the revolving nogging wheel 15, will be transmitted through the gearing
above described, to the cylinder 1 (the said actions being regulated to take place
when the said cylinder 1 is in its lowest position) notwithstanding the upward and
downward or vertically oscillatory movement of the said cylinder 1; for it will be
readily seen that the cylinder 1 is kept constantly coupled to the crown wheel 14
as a suitable portion of the gearing has the same and necessary oscillatory
movement as has the said cylinder 1.
The levelling of the healds, for well known purposes, is accomplished by
mounting loosely on a pin f attached to the frame work 4 a handle 22 (see fig. 2.
It is also shewn in dotted lines fig. 1.), which, when turned comes in contact with
the lever arni 9, holding it from rising and so overcoming the strength of the
spring 23 (see fig. 3) in the coupling box 24, and throwing the said coupling out of
gear thus stopping the movements of the upright shaft 12 so also of the other
parts deriving motion therefrom, while at the next movement of the loom all the
draw hooks 5 and 5a of the machine, since they are not now operated upon by the
cylinder 1, are brought into connection with their respective draw bars 25, 25
and so drawn, in a manner common and well understood in connection with this
class of heald machine, that all the ends or threads of warp which are coupled
thereto in the usual well known manner are put into the position commonly
understood as "levelled." Or to accomplish the above described process of putting
all the draw hooks 5 and 5a into connection with their respective draw, bars 25
and 25a we might make the slotted ends of the levers 2 with one of their sides
open but with their outer ends to project downwards over the shaft 3 (see fig. 5)
so that when the barb b, which is loosely mounted on the shaft c, is turned away
by the handled from keeping these levers 2 in contact with the shaft 3 as is
shewn in dotted lines fig. 5, the end of the lever 2 resting on the shaft 6 becomes
the fulcrum in place of the end on the shaft 3, with the desired result, without
throwing the coupling box 24 out of gear.
As to the second part of our invention that is to the improved method of
controlling the picking motion by the heald machine, we make use of such parts in
the heald machine as are usually used for working one of the healds with the
exception that the heald lever 26 is turned with, its projecting end 26a inwardly
instead of outwardly.
This inwardly projecting end 26a is coupled with a connecting rod 27 and.
yielding springs 28 and 29 to a lever arm 30 fixed on a tube 31 mounted upon, a

page_text: shaft 32 placed under the heald machine, the said shaft 32 being usually used for
manually changing the direction of the intermittent rotary motion of the cylinder
1 by the hand lever 33 and the lever 34 operating on the nogging wheel 15 so as
to make it work upon one or the other edges or sides of the crown wheel 14a as
may be required.
Fixed to the tube 31 is another lever arm 35 which by the connecting rod 36
and lever 37 is coupled to the shaft 38 mounted loosely in bearings 39 and 40
fixed to the end frame A. This shaft 38 is coupled by the levers 41 and 42 to
opérate on the catch 43 on one side of the loom and by the lever 44 connecting
rod 45 and lever 46 to operate on the catch 47 on the other side of the loom in
such a manner that when the catch 43 is put into gear with the notched plate 48,
the catch 47 is held out of gear with the notched plate 49, or when the catch 47 is
put into gear with the notched plate 49 then the catch 43 is held out of gear with
the notched plate 48, so that it is impossible for the picking motions or mechanisms
on both sides of the loom to be put into operation at one and the same time, for it
must be understood that motion of the well known kind is imparted from the
picking shafts 50 and 51 through the notched plates 48 and 49 rigidly fixed to
them only when coupled with their respective catches 43 and 47, lever arms 52
and 53 and the usual other connections, to the shuttle. However by adjusting the
levers 42 and 46 so as to partially raise one catch, let us say the catch 43, and
partially lower the other catch 47, so that they are both held clear of the notched
plates 48 and 49, then the picking of the shuttle is discontinued, an object that
is very essential during the well known process of lagging back.
In order to adjust and hold both the catches 43 and 47 out of gear with the
notched plates 48 and 49 as above described, we mount an inclined lever arm 54
upon a horizontal shaft 55 carried by the frame work 4 in such a manner that when
the said shaft 55 is manually operated upon by means of the handle 56 (see fig. 2)
the said inclined arm 54 operates upon the lever arm 30, depressing it if found in
its raised position (as shewn by fig. 6) and lifting it if found in its lowered
position, sufficiently far to place the catches 43 and 47 in the position above
described, this is effected by one or the other of the springs 28 and 29 yielding the
required distance so that, though the lever arm 26a is held rigidly in its raised and
lowered positions, the lever arm 30 which is coupled to it, can be moved as much
as is required for the purpose before described.
Respecting the third part of our invention, the improved arrangement of the
well known automatic letting-off motions applied to double warp beams, whereby
we are enabled to operate on both releasing catches by one set of apparatus and
one motion, we accomplish it by placing the horizontal shafts 57 and 58 on one
and the same side of the loom and one above the other.
As is well known these shafts 57 and 58 stretch from connection with the warp
beams 59 and 60 at the back to the front part of the loom, in order that the weaver
may, by the hand wheels 61 and 62 fixed to the shafts 57 and 58 respectively,
operate on the said warp beams 59 and 60 as is from time to time found necessary.
The above named hand wheels 61 and 62 form friction wheels partially around
each of which passes a leather strap 63 and 64 the said straps 63 and 64 being
joined together by the iron straps 65 and 66, so that the weight 67 suffices for
both of them, and in order to equalize the friction on the said wheels 61 and 62,
since the wheel 61, according to our improved arrangement, has double the amount
of frictional weight upon it to that upon the wheel 62, we make the strap 63 only
one half of the width of the strap 64.
Upon the horizontal shafts 57 and 58 are fixed the catch wheels 68 and 69
which are operated upon by the catches 70 and 71 mounted loosely upon
the arms
of the levers 72 and 73 respectively, the said levers 72 and 73 being mounted
loosely on their respective shafts 57 and 58, one above the other, we are enabled
to pull them both in the same direction by the spring 74, and again we are also
enabled to act upon or pull them in the other direction, as also the catches 70
and 71 carried by them, with one motion, since by joining or operating upon these

page_text: levers 72 and 73 by the suitably slotted connecting rod 75, it will be seen that one
motion, which we derive by the levers 76 and 77 and connecting rod 78 from the
swing rail 79 upon which is mounted the going part or slayboard of the loom,
gives the upward and downward movement desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The use and employment of a pattern cylinder having a rising and falling or
vertically oscillatory movement as well as an intermittent rotary motion in com-
bination with the heald machine herein named in the manner and for the purposes
as herein fully set forth and illustrated.
2. The combination and arrangement of the parts whereby the combined inter-
mittent rotary and vertically oscillatory movements of a pattern cylinder are
imparted thereto as and for the purposes herein fully described and as illustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
3. The use and employment of the parts whereby the "levelling" of the healds
in connection with a pattern cylinder having a rising and falling or vertically
oscillatory as well as an intermittent rotary motion and the heald machine herein
referred to, is accomplished, substantially as and for the purposes herein described
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of the parts whereby the picking
mechanism is put into and out of operation in the manner and for the purposes
as herein described and illustrated.
5. The use and employment of the inclined lever arm 54 in combination with
the connecting rod 27, springs 28 and 29 and lever arm 30 substantially in the
manner and for the purposes as herein specified.
6. The means or method of operating upon the releasing catches in the automatic
letting-off motions or mechanisms as and for the purposes herein described and as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
7. The combination and arrangement of the parts used for imparting friction
to the hand wheels of the automatic letting-off motions substantially as herein
described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of March 1886
RICHP L. HATTERSLEY.