AN IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING FABRICS OF ALL KINDS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Fernand Debaitre, of the Firm Pierron ct Dehaítro, of
Boulevard Saint Denis, at No. 1, Paris, Mechanicians, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING FABRICS OF ALL
KINDS."
Sealed the 6th October 1877, and dated the 9th April 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Fernand Dehaître at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1877.
FERNAND DEHAÎTRE, of the Firm Pierron et Dehaître, of Boulevard Saint Denis,
No. 1, at Paris, Mechanicians. AN IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
ENLARGING FABRICS OF ALL KINDS."
The various systems of machinery for stretching or tentering cloth hitherto
employed, necessitates the arrangement of fluted cylindrical segments, which change
their place or work longitudinally in drawing or acting on the fabric by their
transverse ridges.
The great inconvenience of machines of this class consists principally in the
irregularity of the stretching which is effected, and in the liability of the fabric to
damage, which often necessitates the redressing thereof.
The stretching apparatus which forms the subject of this Invention completely
obviates these defects by reason of the special arrangement of the stretching
cylinder, which is covered with an elastic covering and the smooth operating surface
which is thus secured.
This stretching cylinder is formed of a first interior cylinder of sheet iron, of
copper, or of wood, on which is adjusted a second external cylinder of india-rubber,
which is secured at its edges on plates turning obliquely upon a universal joint on
the ends of the cylinder.
The upper point of the edges of the oblique plates works in contact with the end
of the cylinder at each end thereof, whilst the point diametrically opposite, that is,
the bottom edge, is removed a certain distance in consequence of the obliquity of
its bearings; it results therefore that from the upper point to the lower one, the
covering of india-rubber is little by little stretched within certain limits, which
may be determined by varying the inclination of the axis of the plates to which
the edges of the india-rubber covering is secured.
The fabric to be stretched is fed on to the upper part of the india-rubber cover,

page_text: whilst the lower point is in contact with the beam or roller on to which the fabric,
thus stretched by the proper extension of the india-rubber, will be received.
The said stretching of the fabric will be effected very regularly in this manner,
and without any deterioration of or frictional action on the fabric.
The metal cylinder is formed with end pieces or supports through which the
cylinder shaft passes, and the oblique plates are socketed on to a ball at the
extremity of said shaft.
The india-rubber cylindrical cover is secured at each end to the edges of the
oblique plates by means of a metal ring or by other suitable means.
The adjustment of the obliquity of the said end plates is effected in the following
manner: The plates are furnished with a short central shaft, which passes through
a socket capable of adjustinent upon a seginental slide or bearing. A stud on the
end supports of the cylinder passes through a slot or opening in the oblique plates
to connect these parts, so as to cause them to rotate together. As the stretched
fabric is rolled on to the receiving beam, the stretching cylinder will gradually
yield in its bearings, which are arranged for that purpose in guides, and are counter-
weighted.
The power is communicated to the said receiving beam, and thence by frictional
contact to the cylinder.
In another arrangement the smooth stretching cylinder, furnished or not with an
elastic cover, is likewise in direct contact with the fabric, which undergoes a pro-
gressive enlargment or stretching by the action of the longitudinal displacement of
two series of ribs or bars worked from a helicoidal grooved block.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Fernaud Dehaître in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
October 1877.
FERNAND DEHAITRE, of the Firm Pierron et Dehaitre, of Boulevard St. Denis, at
Paris, Mechanicians. "AN IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING
FABRICS OF ALL KINDS."
The various systems of machines for stretching or tentering cloth that have been
proposed up to the present time consist in the arrangement of fluted cylindrical
seginents, which displace themselves longitudinally in drawing upon the stuff by
their transverse ridges.
The serious inconvenience of this system of machines consists principally in the
irregularity of the stretching produced, and in the damage sometimes caused to the
stuff, which often necessitates its redressing.
Our improved stretching apparatus completely obviates these inconveniences by
a special arrangement of the stretching cylinder, which is composed of movable bars
or ribs, overlaid or not by an elastic covering, and acted upon by gearing on cach
side of the machine.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the accoin-
panying Sheet of Drawings, like letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in all the Figures.
Fig. 1 is a front sectional elevation of my improved stretching apparatus, and
Fig. 2, a sectional side view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section shewing a modification in the arrangement of the
bars or ribs composing the stretching cylinder.
Figs. 4 and 5, side view and plan respectively of the bars or ribs as arranged in
Fig. 1.
Fig. 6, a transverse section on line 1, 2; and Fig. 7, a similar section on line 3, 4,
in Fig. 4.

page_text: The stretching cylinder is composed of two series of movable bars or ribs a, a, (as
seen in Fig. 1,) of brass or other suitable material, overlaid or not by india-rubber
or other elastic coverings x, x, and supported in the middle of the cylinder by a
recessed and confining bush or sleeve b of brass or other metal keyed on the main
shaft A. This bush or sleeve b carries on its periphery a sheet-iron or copper
cylinder c, which covers or laps over and serves to retain the ends of the bars or
ribs a, a, in their proper places, the segmental or circular shaped grooves or recesses d',
in the faces of the bush or sleeve b, acting as guides to the said onds in their longi-
tudinal movement. Each of the other or opposite ends of the bars or ribs a, a, is
provided on its top side with an oval shaped lug or nipple e, which projects upwards
and takes into a spiral shaped groove formed round the internal cylindrical wall of
the fixed boxes B, B, which are formed in pieces bolted together as shewn, its
cylindrical portion or body forming part of or attached to the movable arms or
supports 9, 9, hinged to and capable of oscillating on the journals h, h, of the
shaft C, which is mounted in bearings on the framework D of the machine. On the
depressed portion of the top side of each bar or rib a is fastened an iron plate d,
over which is laid the india-rubber or other elastic coverings x, x.
Rotary movement is communicated to the stretching cylinder by the fast driving
pulley, keyed on the main shaft C, which acts upon the toothed wheel j in gear
with the large spur wheel, which is keyed on the shaft E. On this shaft is also
fixed the small toothed wheel Z, which communicates its action to the wheel m
keyed on the shaft of the stretching cylinder.
•
In the rotation of the cylinder caused by the above gearing acting upon the bush
or sleeve b, all the bars or ribs a, a, necessarily follow its movement, and the several
lugs or nipples e being constrained to follow the curvature of the spiral grooves f, the
bars or ribs a undergo a reciprocating rectilinear motion, which causes a longi-
tudinal drawing in two opposite directions upon the fabric to be stretched. Ŏn
leaving the cylinder the stretched material winds itself on to a receiving roller F fixed
on the shaft G. This roller receives its movement from the small toothed wheel j¹
(keyed on the main shaft C at the opposite end to the wheel) which engages with
the large spur wheel n, communicating motion to the toothed wheels o, p, q, 1, 8,
and t, the last wheelt being keyed on the shaft G mounted in bearings on the
framework D.
The above apparatus may be supported by any suitable description of framework,
and constitutes a completely independent machine; or it may be used in combination
with our machine for the preparation of or dressing the fabris.
Modifications may also be made in the form and arrangement of the details of the
stretching cylinder as seen for instance in Fig. 3, and the bars or ribs a, a, are
easily re-covered when necessary by bands of india-rubber or by any othe desirable
material.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I
would observe in conclusion that what I claim as my Invention is, improvements in
the machinery or apparatus for enlarging fabris of all kinds, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Fernand Dehaitre, have hereunto set my hand
1 thin and
1077
Witness,
ALBERT CAHEN,
Civil Engineer,
of Boulevard Saint Denis, 1,
at Paris.
FERNAND DEHAITRE. (L.S.)