Improvements in Filtering Apparatus for Purifying and Sterilising Liquids, Fluids, Gases, and Vapours.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Filtering Apparatus for Purifying and Sterilising
Liquids, Fluids, Gases, and Vapours.
We, CHARLES TISSIER, of 103, Boulevard de Sebastopol, Paris, Operative,
and HENRI JULES ERNAUX, of 15, Rue Drouot, Paris, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
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This invention relates to a construction of filtering apparatus with large supply,
for purifying and sterilising liquids, fluids, gases, and vapours generally, which
apparatus is mainly characterised by the arrangement of tubular filtering bodies
or bougies," constructed by preference of a tube of fine wire gauze in the
interior of which is arranged a helical wire coil, or other suitable body, having
internal stays so as to prevent the wire gauze tube from becoming bulged or
deformed under the pressure of the liquid or fluid. Upon the outer surface of these
wire gauze tubes are applied the filtering elements such as paper-pulp, charcoal,
The wire gauze tubes may
fine sand, sandy loam, kaolin, asbestos powder, &c.
also be covered in the first instance with a covering of canvas, felt, asbestos, cloth
or other suitable tissues.
The said filtering apparatus can be constructed in a variety of ways; by way
of example we have shewn two constructions on the accompanying drawings, in
which
Fig. 1 shews a perspective view of the complete apparatus ;
Fig. 2 is a vertical section;
Fig. 3 a modification in which there is combined with the tubular filter a
compressed filtering dise.
Fig. 4 shews a separate enlarged sectional view of one of the wire-gauze tubes.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
The apparatus consists of a recipient a provided with a cover fixed over a
perforated plate c from which are suspended any number of tubular bodies or
bougies d constituted by a fine wire gauze tube closed at the lower end and
provided internally with a coil of fiue wire e in which is a stay f of a cross or star-
shaped section.
The lower part of the recipient a is of conical form and has at its lower end a
tubular branch g provided with a cock gl; en this branch g is mounted a recipient
or bottle closed by a cover i. Into this bottle h opens a pipe n branched on the
pipe which conveys the liquid or fluid to be purified and sterilised into the
recipient a. On this tube k, which is provided with two cocks 7 and m, is also
branched a pipe o provided with a cock p, and terminating in a perforated head g
from which the liquid issues in a distributed manner so as to flow into the tubular
bodies or bougies for clearing them of deposit. The pipe n has a cock n¹.
Lastly, a cocks fixed at the upper part of the cover
the filtered liquid to flow off through a pipe r, and cock t.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:
of the recipient a allows
All the cocks excepts and being closed, and assuming the filtering body to be
paper pulp, for example, and that it is desired to filter impure water, the pulp,
after having been stirred up with water, is introduced into the bottle h.
The liquid to be filtered is then by opening the cock n' admitted into the
bottle from pipe n, and forces the pulp to pass into the recipient a and to be

page_text: applied to the outer surfaces of the wire gauze tubes of the bougies by the flow of
liquid into the latter.
When the bougies have become coated externally by the combined action of the
current flowing through and the pressure exercised by the water, the water
subsequently flowing through on closing the cock n' and opening / will have to
pass through the coating of pulp on its way to the interior of the bougies and will
be made to deposit its impurities on such coating and will consequently flow off
as purified water from the bougies into the chamber u formed between the plate c
and cover b, so that the cock s being open a supply of filtered water will pass
into the piper and can be drawn off through the cock t as may be required.
When the bougies bave become coated externally with impurities to a certain
extent, they can be cleansed in the following manner.
The cocks s, t, l and n¹ are closed and the cocks m and p are opened; the water
flows through tube o and perforated head into the interior of the bougies, and
the pressure of such water being exercised on the interior of the bougies will cause
the coating of pulp on the exterior to be detached so that on then opening the
cocks a', the pulp together with the accumulated impurities will be discharged from
the recipient a through the branch pipe g.
In the modified construction shewn at Fig. 3 the plate c, which supports one or
more bougies d, forms with the perforated plate a chamber above which is
placed, firstly, a sheet of wire-gauze & and then a disc y of compressed pulp, above
which is again placed a perforated plate z. In the cover of the apparatus is
formed a passager communicating with a cock t for the discharge of the filtered
liquid.
It will be readily understood that the bougies may also be formed of other
perforated or permeable material than wire gauze.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In filtering apparatus for purifying and sterilising liquids, fluids, gases and
vapours, the use of tubular bodies or bougies formed of tubes of wire gauze or
other perforated or permeable material so arranged within a closed vessel that the
liquid to be filtered is made to pass transversely through the said tubular bodies
in the direction from the outside to the inside thereof, a coating of filtering
material being in the first instance formed on the outer surface of the tubular
bodies by mixing such material in a finely divided state with a portion of the
quil, which deposits the material upon the tube as it passes through, substantially
as described.
2. Filtering apparatus for purifying and sterilising liquids, fluids, gases and
vapours composed of tubular filtering bodies, combined and operating substantially
as herein deserted with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. Constructing tubular filtering bodies of tube of wire gauze adapted to
receive externally a coating of filtering material, and strengthened internally by a
wire coil and cross or star-shaped stay, substantially as herein described.
Dated this 8th day of October 1895.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.