Improvements in Money Changing Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Nov., 1892-Accepted, 7th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Money Changing Apparatus.
A communication from abroad by JOHN ADAMS and CHARLES EDWIN BLEYER,
residing respectively at 580, W. Lake Street and at 125-127, South Clinton
Street, both in the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, United States of America,
Manufacturers.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to money changing apparatus and has for its object to
improve and simplify the construction and mode of operation of said devices and to
provide an apparatus which shall be effective and practical in operation, as well as
cheap in construction; and to these ends the invention consists in a money changer
embodying certain features of construction which are hereinafter indicated.
The frame of the machine which is preferably made of metal and cast in one
piece, consists of a bed plate, having a curved upper surface or table, and extending
at an upward angle from the main body and the whole rests upon legs, which are
preferably curved outwardly to form a suitable and stable support for the device.
Rising from the table at an incline, is the coin holder, having semi-circular recesses
in its outer surface adapted to receive and support columns of coins of various
sizes.
Beneath the inclined coin holder is a platform, which is arranged below the
bottom of the coin-holder, the thickness of a coin, or more than one if several are
to be ejected at once, and this table serves to support the coins in the recesses of
the holder and to allow any one or more to be pressed out from the bottom of the
column in the manner hereinafter set forth. The platform, rests ou, or may be a
part of, the platform bar, and is arranged below and at the rear of the back wall
of the coin holder, the portion of the table, between the recessed columns being
connected to it and bracing it. The platforms project backward to the rear of
the platform bar, and are preferably slotted to admit the perpendicular arm of the
crank lever, the extending sides, forming guides for the ejector hereafter described,
while the front edges of the platforms are curved, to allow the coins to readily pass
over from the platforms and drop into the hand of the operator. The platform bar,
is secured to the sides of the frame and is notched to allow the passage of the
ejectors hereafter described.
The ejectors, are formed by connecting two parallel bars, at or near their ends
by two parallel rods, and the adjacent faces of these rods near their centres have
slots or cut away portions. These ejectors are preferably made of some metal, as
cast iron, for instance, and are simple straight bars having smooth surfaces, so that
they will move without extra friction and they pass through the notches, in the
platform bar, and are of sufficient thickness to rise above the platforms, preferably
about two thirds the thickness of the coin to be ejected and the ends of the bars
engaging the coin are beveled laterally as well as vertically, forming edges which
engage the edge of the coin near its greatest diameter, and thereby holding it
firmly until the coin is pushed over the platform, the lateral bevelled faces engaging
the periphery of the coin at opposite sides of the center, and preventing lateral
movement while the vertical bevelled portion of the ejector prevents the coin tilting
vertically. The ejector in this form engages only the lowermost coin or coins in
the coin holder and moves them forward until they pass beyond the edge of the
platform, when they drop into the hands of the operator or otherwise. In order

page_text: that the ejector may be returned to its normal position with the least friction when
the weight of the remaining coins in the recess rests upon it. The joint between
the ejector and its operating lever is made a loose joint, so that the ejector can be
depressed at front in its return movement. Thus the back lever, is shown as
having a reduced connection, and an enlargement, beyond, and this reduced
connection extends between the rods of the ejector, allowing freedom of action
and producing the least friction, and at the same time the height of the forward
end of the ejector, where it engages the coin, can be regulated by the size of
certain slots, which will cause the front end of the ejector to be tilted upward a
sufficient distance to engage the coin or coins to be ejected from the coin recess. It
will thus be seen that an ejector is produced which is simple in construction and at
the same time can be operated certainly and positively, producing no unnecessary
friction of the parts.
As before intimated the ejectors are connected to the back levers, and these
consist of flat plates, the projections of which are inserted flatwise between the
parallel rods, of the ejector, until the slots or notches, of the back levers engage
further slots, when the ejector is given a half turn and the ejectors and back levers
are connected together. These levers are pivoted upon a lever rod extending
across the machine and each lever is preferably provided with a thickened portion
or collar so as to furnish a good substantial and rigid bearing on the rod. Each
lever is provided with a laterally extending pin by means of which it is operated
in a manner hereinafter set forth.
Arranged above the rod is a crank lever the forward portion of which extends
over and rests upon the upper front corners of the back levers and this crank lever
is provided with one or more weights which tend to cause the back levers to swing
to the rear to withdraw the ejectors. The rod and weighted crank rod are
preferably mounted in thickened portions of the end walls, the ends of the rods
butting against the outside wall, preventing lateral motion of the rods and these
thickened portions are provided with recesses to receive the rods, they being held
in position by pins and between the ends of the rods are attached projections to the
rear of the coin case, which are also provided with similar bearings for the ejector
rod, so that it will be retained in proper alignment, and not become distorted in the
operation of the device.
The back levers are preferably spaced on the rod by collars or tubes which
permit the free movement of the levers in their proper planes.
In order to operate the back levers and thereby the ejectors crank levers are
provided which are mounted upon a rod extending from side to side of the frame.
The front portions of these crank levers extends through slots in the table
and are provided with suitable buttons by means of which they are operated.
The body portion of these crank levers is made substantially rectangular in out-
line, and the under portion is rounded or circular so that the body portion of the
crank levers filling the entire space between the side walls of the money changer
and being curved or circular on the under side the fingers of the operator can more
readily or easily grasp it when the thumb presses the buttons before referred to
thereby forming a sort of fulcrum for the hand of the operator, and further the
hand is in proper position to receive the coins ejected from the holder. Further-
more the rectangular body portion of the crank lever furnishes three bearings for
each on the rod or shaft before referred to thereby securing correct and uniform
action with little friction. Extending from the rear portion of the body and
substantially at right angles thereto, is an arm, the upper end of which is bifurcated
to engage the laterally extending pins before referred to extending from the sides
of the back levers and by which the levers and their connected ejectors are
operated.
In order to retain the coin in the recesses of the coin holder and prevent their
being surreptitiously taken or otherwise disturbed a cover is provided for the coin
holder which is preferably pivoted at the top and is provided with reversed recesses
corresponding to the recesses in the coin holder. This cover is provided with a

page_text: rearwardly extending lip having two openings which are arranged to engage a
spring bolt at each end of the frame and by means of which the cover may be held
closely in its closed position or slightly extending forward so that in the latter
instance it cannot in any way interfere with the movements of the coins when they
are being ejected, and at the same time protect their being disturbed.
Extending rearwardly from the cover, are one or more pins which pass through
suitable openings in the rear portion of the coin holder and when the cover is in
one position the pins extend over the weights of the weighted crank rod and prevent
its rising so that in this position the back levers are all locked in their normal
position and cannot be moved to operate the ejectors and draw out the coins. When,
however, the cover is raised into another position the projections are withdrawn
from the weights and the levers may be operated to discharge the coin.
The money changing apparatus is preferably mounted upon a suitable money
drawer for the reception of bills and this drawer may be of any suitable or desired
construction. A coin tray is also provided for the reception of the reserve amount
of coin and this may be a deep dished shaped receptacle having a concaved surface
with the opposite sides facing each other, formed with a series of steps or recesses.
The walls of these recesses are of sufficient height to hold a definite number of
coins of a certain character and the walls are shaped accordingly to embrace the
coins. Thus, for instance, one recess may be adapted to hold a certain number of
dollars, and above this be ranged a recess for dimes, for instance, while between
the two there is a step which furnishes a ready means for grasping the coins in
removing them from the tray. The opposite side of the tray is similarly recessed
to receive other coins and between them the depressed curved portion may form a
receptacle for miscellaneous coins.
The end walls of the coin tray are extended beyond the recessed side walls
of the tray and form rests or feet for the tray when detached from the money
changer and a suitable cover is preferably hinged to the rear of the tray. The
tray may be supported upon the upper portion of the coin holder of the money
changer, and secured thereto by a pin passing through openings in the top of
the coin holder, the front portion of the ends bearing against the rear portion
of the coin holder, and serving to maintain the coin tray in a horizontal position.
The tray being of peculiar formation having circular openings and few angles
is easily moulded and can be formed or cast in a single piece, ready for use.
The principle of gravitation has been made use of in the construction and
operation of this machine. The coin holders are placed at an angle so that
the coins are normally held in proper position by gravity and the ejectors
working at substantial right angles with the coin holders are returned to their
normal position by gravity, but to insure more positive action, when for instance,
the columns are full of coin, the weighted crank bar operating on the back
levers is made use of to force them to their positions and to withdraw the
ejectors and restore the crank levers to their normal position so that the use of all
springs is avoided. Moreover there is a further advantage in having a single
weighted bar to operate all the lever as it will require less power to move the
ejectors, when for instance several are moved simultaneously as a single weight
will restore them all to their normal position, instead of having to depress three
independent retaining springs.
Dated this 10th day of October 1892.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Money Changing Apparatus.
A communication from abroad by JOHN ADAMS and CHARLES EDWIN BLEYER,
residing respectively at 580, West Lake Street and at 125-127, South Clinton
Street, both in the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, United States of
America, Manufacturers.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 & 56, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to money changing apparatus and has for its object to
improve and simplify the construction and mode of operation of said devices and
to provide an apparatus which shall be effective and practical in operation, as well
cheap in construction; and to these ends the invention consists in a money
changing apparatus embodying certain features of construction and arrangement
of parts and mode of operation substantially as is hereinafter more particularly set
forth.
Referring to the drawings in which is illustrated the preferred embodiment of
the invention,
Fig. 1, is a side view of the money changer and coin tray.
Fig. 2, is a longitudinal, vertical section of the same.
Fig. 3, is a front elevation of the changer, and
Fig. 4, is a plan view, parts being broken to better show the operative
mechanism.
Fig. 5, is a plan and side view of the ejector enlarged;
Fig. 6, is an enlarged view of the platforms and their supporting bar;
Fig. 7, is an enlarged plan view of the crank levers; and
Fig. 8, is a perspective view showing the cover and the latching device therefor.
The frame of the machine which is preferably made of metal and cast in one
piece, consists of a bed plate A, having a curved upper surface or table A', and
extending at an upward angle from the main body A and the whole rests upon
legs A, which are preferably curved outwardly to form a suitable and stable
support for the device. Rising from the table at an incline, is the coin holder A,
having semi-circular recesses a, in its outer surface adapted to receive and support
columns of coins of various sizes.
Beneath the inclined coin holder is a platform B, which is arranged below the
bottom of the coin holder, the thickness of a coin, or more than one if several are
to be ejected at once, and this table serves to support the coins in the recesses of
the holder and to allow any one or more to be pressed out from the bottom of the
column in the manner hereinafter set forth. The platform B, rest on, or may be a
part of, the platform bar B¹, it being shown as integral therewith in the present
instance, and is arranged below and at the rear of the back wall of the coin holder,
the portion of the table A¹ between the recessed columns being connected to it and
bracing it. The platforms B. project backward to the rear of the platform bar B',
and are preferably slotted at b, to admit the perpendicular arm of the crank lever,
the extending sides forming guides for the ejector hereafter described, while the
front edges of the platforms are curved as shown at b³, to allow the coin to readily
pass over from the platforms and drop into the hand of the operator. The plat
form bar B1, is secured to the sides of the frame and is notched as shown at 6, to
allow the passage of the ejectors hereafter described.
The ejectors E, are formed by connecting two parallel bars e, e at or near their
ends by two parallel rods e¹, e¹, and the adjacent faces of these rods near their

page_text: centres have slots or cut away portions e³. These ejectors are preferably made of
some metal, as cast iron, for instance, and are simple straight bars having smooth
surfaces, so that they will move without extra friction and they pass through the
notches in the platform bar B₁ and are of sufficient thickness to rise above the
platforms B, preferably about two thirds the thickness of the coin to be ejected
and the ends of the bars engaging the coin are bevelled laterally as well as
vertically, as clearly shown in the drawings. Figs. 3 and 4, forming edges which
engage the edge of the coin near its greatest diameter, and thereby holding it
firmly until the coin is pushed over the platform, the lateral bevelled faces engaging
the periphery of the coin at opposite sides of the centre, and preventing lateral
movement, while the vertical bevelled portion of the ejector prevents the coin
tilting vertically. The ejector in this form engages only the lowermost coin or
coins in the coin holder and moves them forward until they pass beyond the edge
of the platform B, when they drop into the hands of the operator or otherwise.
In order that the ejector may be returned to its normal position with the least
friction when the weight of the remaining coins in the recess rests upon it, the
joint between the ejector and its operating lever F is made a loose joint, so that the
ejector can be depressed at front in its return movement. Thus the back lever F,
is shown as having a reduced connection f, and an enlargement f', beyond, and this
reduced connection extends between the rods e', e', of the ejector allowing freedom
of action and producing the least friction, and at the same time the height of the
forward end of the ejector, where it engages the coin, can be regulated by the size
of the slots f, which will cause the front end of the ejector to be tilted upward a
sufficient distance to engage the coin or coins to be ejected from the coin recess.
It will thus be seen that an ejector is produced which is simple in construction and
at the same time can be operated certainly and positively, producing no unnecessary
friction of the parts.
As before intimated the ejectors are connected to the back levers F, and these
consist of flat plates, the projections f, of which are inserted flatwise between the
parallel rods e of the ejector, until the notches f', of the back levers engage the
slots when the ejector is given a half turn and the ejectors and back levers are
connected together. These levers are pivoted upon the lever rod G., extending
across the machine, and each lever is preferably provided with a thickened portion
or collar F', so as to furnish a good substantial and rigid bearing on the rod G.
Each lever is provided with a laterally extending pin F, by means of which it is
operated in a manner hereinafter set forth.
Arranged above the rod G, is a crank lever H, the forward portion of which
extends over and rests upon the upper front corners F, of the back levers and this
crank lever is provided with one or more weights H³, which tend to cause the back
levers to swing to the rear to withdraw the ejectors. The rod G, and weighted
crank rod H are preferably mounted in thickened portions of the end walls, the
ends of the rods butting against the outside wall, preventing lateral motion of the
rods, and these thickened portions K, are provided with recesses k, to receive
the rods, they being held in position by pins and between the ends of the rods
are attached projections K', to the rear of the coin case, which are also provided
with similar bearings for the ejector rod, so that it will be retained in proper
alignment, and not become distorted in the operation of the device.
The back levers F are preferably spaced on the rod G, by collars or tubes G³,
which permit the free movement of the levers in their proper planes.
In order to operate the back levers and thereby the ejectors, crank levers I are
provided which are mounted upon a rod J extending from side to side of the frame.
The front portion of these crank levers extends through slots a', in the table A¹,
and are provided with suitable buttons I¹, by means of which they are operated.
The body portion of these crank levers is made substantially rectangular in out-
line, as clearly shown in Fig. 7, and the under portion is rounded or circular, as
shown at I, and it will be seen that the body portion of the crank levers filling the
entire space between the side walls of the money changer and being curved or

page_text: circular on the under side, the fingers of the operator can more readily or easily
grasp it when the thumb presses the buttons I, thereby forming a sort of fulcrum
for the hand of the operator, and further the hand is in proper position to receive
the coins ejected from the holder. Furthermore the rectangular body portion of
the crank lever furnishes three bearings for each on the shaft J, thereby securing
correct and uniform action with little friction. Extending from the rear portion of
the body and substantially at right angles thereto, is the arm I', the upper end of
which is bifurcated at to engage the pins F, extending from the sides of the
back levers F, and by which the levers, and their connected ejectors are
operated.
In order to retain the coin in the recesses of the coin holder and prevent their
being surreptitiously taken or otherwise disturbed, a cover M is provided for the
coin holder which is preferably pivoted at the top as at m, and is provided with
reversed recesses, corresponding to the recesses in the coin holder. This cover is
provided with a rearwardly extending lip M', having two openings m³, m³, which
are arranged to engage a spring bolt m³, at each end of the frame and by means of
which the cover may be held closely in its closed position, shown in Fig. 2 or
slightly extending forward, as shown in Fig. 1, so that in the latter instance it
cannot in any way interfere with the movements of the coins when they are being
ejected, and at the same time prevents their being disturbed.
Extending rearwardly from the cover, are one or more pins N, which pass
through suitable openings in the rear portion of the coin holder and when the cover
is in the position shown in Fig. 2 the pins extend over the weights H', of the weighted
crank rod and prevent its rising and it will be seen that in this position the back
levers are all locked in their normal position and cannot be moved to operate the
ejectors and draw out the coins. When, however, the cover is raised to the position
shown in Fig. 1, the projections N are withdrawn from the weights and the levers
may be operated to discharge the coin.
The money changing apparatus is preferably mounted upon a suitable money drawer
for the reception of money or notes and this drawer which is indicated by the lines O,
may be of any suitable or desired construction. A coin tray is also provided for
the reception of the reserve amount of coin, and this is shown as a deep dish shaped
receptacle P, having a concaved surface with the opposite sides facing each other,
formed with a series of steps or recesses pl, p² etc. The walls of these recesses are
of sufficient height to hold a definite number of coins of a certain character and the
walls are shaped accordingly to embrace the coins. Thus, for instance, the recess p²,
may be adapted to hold a certain number of dollars, and above this be ranged a
recess p³, for dimes, for instance, and between the two there is a step q, which
furnishes a ready means for grasping the coins in removing them from the tray.
The opposite side of the tray is similarly recessed to receive other coins and between
them the depressed curved portion may form a receptacle for miscellaneous
coins.
The end walls p', of the coin tray are extended beyond the recessed side walls of
the tray and form rests or feet for the tray when detached from the money changer
and a suitable cover Q is preferably hinged to the rear of the tray. The tray may
be supported upon the upper portion of the coin holder of the money changer,
secured thereto by a pin W, passing through openings in the top of the coin holder,
the front portion of the ends bearing against the rear portion of the coin holder, as
at W¹, and serving to maintain the coin tray in a horizontal position. The tray
being of the peculiar formation having circular openings and few angles is easily
moulded and can be formed or cast in a single piece, ready for use.
Such being the general construction of my device, its operation will be readily
understood by those skilled in the art, and need not be set forth in detail, and it
will be seen that the principle of gravitation has been made use of in the construc-
tion and operation of this machine. It will be seen that the coin holders are placed
at an angle so that the coins are normally held in proper position by gravity and
the ejectors working at substantial right angles with the coin holders are returned

page_text: to their normal position by gravity, but to insure more positive action, when for
instance, the columns are full of coin, the weighted crank bar operating on the back
levers is made use of to force them to their positions and to withdraw the ejectors
and restore the crank levers to their normal position so that the use of all springs is
avoided. Moreover there is a further advantage in having a single weighted bar
to operate all the levers as it will require less power to move the ejectors, when for
instance several are moved simultaneously, as a single weight will restore them all.
to their normal position, instead of having to depress three independent retaining
springs. It will further be seen that the parts of the device are simple and easily
constructed and when arranged and connected together they present little friction.
and are easily operated.
While the preferred embodiment of my invention has been thus described, it will
be understood that the details of construction and operation may be varied some--
what by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention
which is not limited to the precise construction and arrangement of parts
illustrated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin-holders, of the
ejectors and levers for operating the ejectors, of a weighted bar for restoring the
ejectors to their normal position, substantially as described.
2. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin holders and
ejectors, of pivoted levers connected to the ejectors and a weighted crank arm
normally resting on said levers and tending to restore the ejectors, substantially as.
described.
3. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin holder and the
ejectors, of the pivotally supported levers loosely connected to the ejectors, and a.
weight resting on the levers, substantially as described.
4. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin holder, of the
ejectors, each ejector consisting of two side bars having ends bevelled laterally and
vertically to engage the edges of the coin to be ejected, the side bars being
connected by two rods near their rear ends, substantially as described.
+
5. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the ejector each.
comprising two side bars connected by two rods, the rods being notched on their
inner sides and the levers provided with notched ends adapted to engage the rods
of the ejectors, substantially as described.
6. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin holders, of a
notched platform supporting bar, platforms thereon and ejectors each comprising two.
side bars passing through the notches, substantially as described.
7. In a money changing apparatus the combination with the coin holders of the
notched platform supporting bar, platforms thereon and the ejectors, the side bars
of which pass through the notches and embrace the platform, the platforms being
slotted at their rear to admit the crank levers and having extending ends forming
guides for the ejectors, substantially as described.
8. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin holders, of the
crank levers, each lever being provided with a substantially rectangular body
portion having a curved under surface, an arm projecting therefrom at substantially
right angles and provided with a bifurcated end and a laterally bent operating
lever carrying a button secured to the body portion substantially as described.
9. In a money changing apparatus, in combination with a supporting rod, a crank
lever having a central body of substantially rectangular form with a curved under
portion and provided with an arm extending at substantial right angles to the body
portion, the body portion forming three bearings for the rod upon which it is
mounted, substantially as described.
10. In a money changing apparatus the combination with the frame having a.

page_text: curved slotted table A', the coin holders rising from the table and a series of crank
levers, each lever provided with a laterally bent operating arm extending through
the slotted table and carrying a button, a substantially rectangular body portion
having a curved under surface and an arm extending from the body portion at
substantial right angles thereto, substantially as described.
11. In a money changing apparatus, the combination of the coin holder having
.a series of recesses, the platforms arranged beneath the recesses, the ejectors sliding
beneath the coin holders and guided by the platforms, the pivoted back levers
loosely connected to the ejectors, the weighted crank arm bearing on the levers and
the crank levers connected to operate the back levers, substantially as described.
12. In a money changing apparatus in combination with the coin holders, of a
cover pivoted thereto, the cover being recessed to correspond with the coin chamber
and provided with lips having perforations and spring bolts on the frame of the
money changer adapted to engage the perforations, substantially as described.
13. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin holder, the
ejector therefor, the levers operating the ejectors, the weighted crank arm for the
levers, of a cover for the coin holder, the cover being provided with projections
passing through the coin holder aad engaging the weighted crank arm, substantially
as described.
14. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the coin holders, of
the ejectors, levers for operating the ejectors, a weighted crank arm for restoring
the ejectors to their normal position and means for locking the weighted crank arm,
substantially as described.
15. In a money changing apparatus, the combination with the base and inclined
coin holders, platforms for the coin holders, the ejectors, the levers operating the
ejectors, the crank levers for operating the ejector levers, of the weighted crank
arm, whereby the parts are normally restored to their respective positions by
gravity, substantially as described.
16. In a money changing apparatus, a coin tray provided with a series of semi-
circular recesses arranged on opposite sides thereof, the recesses being separated by
steps, substantially as described.
17. In a money changing apparatus, a coin tray provided with a series of recesses
arranged on opposite sides thereof, with a recess at the bottom of the tray and steps
between the recesses, substantially as described.
18. In a money changing apparatus, a coin tray comprising the end walls, forming
supports for the tray, the sides provided with a series of semi-circular recesses for
the coins, steps between the recesses and a central depression between the series of
recesses, substantially as described.
Dated the 22nd day of November 1892.