IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Crabtree of the Heckmondwike Manufacturing
Company, Limited Heckmondwike in the County of York for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOVEN FABRICS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Crabtree at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th January 1883.
JAMES CRABTREE of the Heckmondwike Manufacturing Company, Limited,
Heckmondwike in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WOVEN FABRICS
"
This Invention has reference to the manufacture of woven fabrics specially
adapted for rugs, but the said fabric may be used for other purposes.
As is well known in the trade fabrics, as at present woven are produced in such
manner that one side of the cloth is "faced" whilst the other side whereof is
backed" being altogether different in design and appearance to the "faced" side;
consequently in the manufacture of rugs, two of such pieces have been placed back
to back so that such rug may be "faced" on both sides.
My Invention consists in the production of a double "faced" fabric that is to
say, having both sides "faced" and of the same design or pattern, and this is
accomplished by arranging the healds and pegging apparatus so that the same
thread of weft, will appear on both sides of the material.
To do this, only one warp beam is used, the warp to produce such goods being
separated by the healds.
By this means rugs are composed of a single fabric and can be produced at a
much less cost than is the case as at present manufactured.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Crabtree in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th July
1883.
JAMES CRABTREE of The Heckmondwiko Manufacturing Company Limited,
Heckmondwike in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF WOVEN FABRICS"
This Invention has reference to the manufacture of woven fabrics specially
adapted for rugs, but the said fabric may be used for other purposes.
"
As is well known in the trade, fabrics as at prosent woven are produced in such
manner that one side of the cloth is "faced" whilst the other side thereof is
"backed" which is altogether different in design and appearance to the "faced'
side, consequently in the manufacture of rugs, two of such pieces, woven separately
and at different times, have been placed and secured back to back, so that such rug
may be "faced" on both sides, but as will bo understood, two separate and distinct
pieces of material have been used to form the said rug.
My Invention consists in producing at one process a double faced rug, that is to
say, having both sides "faced" and of the same design or pattern, or the design on
each side may be different.
This double faced fabric or rug is produced in one loom, at one operation and
from one warp. The said warp is operated upon and opened by the healds, which
may be composed of any suitable number, but divided into what is technically
called "two division" so that the said rugs are formed of two layers or divisions;
the healds, together with the pegging apparatus and shuttlo motions being so
arranged, that the weft appears on the surface of the material at one time, and at
another time on the underside, the only time or place when the warp appears
either on the upper or under surface, is when it is employed to connect together
the two layers or divisions of the material. By this means one fabric or rug
having both sides of the same or a different design can be produced from one warp
and in one loom, consequently a rug manufactured in this manner can be made and
sold at a much less cost than those made on the old system.
. After the fabric has been woven, it is passed through the well known processes
of milling and washing, and when made of strong material it is raised and cropped
in addition.
. Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which the
same may be carried into practice, I would observe that I lay no claim to the
method of finishing the fabric, nor do I confine myself to any particular method of
finishing as that may be varied to suit the various qualities of materials used, but
what I consider new and claim as my Invention is―
The manufacture of a double faced rug, in manner substantially as herein
described.
⠀ In witness whereof, I the said James Crabtree have hereunto set my hand
and seal this thirtieth day of June in the year of our Lord, ono thousand,
nicht hundred and eighty three
Signed, sealed and delivered
by the said James Crabtree
-in the presence of
WILLIAM MORTIMER.
JAMES CRABTREE (L.S.)