Improvements in and connected with Advertising Devices Operated by an Electric Current.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Dec., 1896-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Advertising Devices Operated
by an Electric Current.
I, JOHN HILLERY COLLINGS, of 22 Goldsmith Road, Leyton, in the County
of Essex, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to certain improvements in, and connected with advertising
devices, operated by an electric current which may be derived from an existing
main circuit, either alternating or continuous current systems, or an independent
source.
In carrying my invention into effect I employ a disc mounted upon a spindle, and
perforated with a number of holes in which are placed transparent advertisements,
each of which acts as a slide to a magic lantern, projecting the advertisement upon
a suitable screen. The spindle carrying the disc aforesaid has attached to it a
coiled spring and drum the other end of said spring being fixed to the arbor of a
loose toothed wheel in gear with a ratchet. A double solenoid, with a core common
to both windings is fixed upon the base plate of the apparatus, and a laminated
core arranged to work freely within it is jointed to a beam which is centrally
pivotted to allow of a vertical movement or "pumping" action when the magnetic
effect of the solenoid is interrupted. The opposite end of the pivotted beam is
connected to a dash pot, air pump, or displacer, in order to provide the requisite
mechanical resistance. The rocking movement of the beam is obtained by a
moveable contact arm attached thereto which makes contact alternately with two
long spring contact pieces. The bobbin of the solenoid is divided centrally by a
diaphragm of insulating material. The upper winding is connected at one end to
one of the contact springs before mentioned, and also to one of the double windings
of the lower half of the solenoid. Said lower portion is wound with two wires
insulated from each other and possessing an equal magnetic effect upon the core.
The action, due to the method of connection, during the down stroke of the core, is
caused by the current flowing in one direction throughout the three windings the
conditions being analogous to the behavior of a plain helix with a resistance placed
in parallel circuit with part of it. The iron core is thus drawn into the solenoid
until the moveable contact before referred to is caused to break contact (by the
locking movement of the beam) with one contact spring, and establish contact with
the other thus energising the second winding of the lower part of the solenoid in an
opposite direction; by reason of its connection in parallel with the first winding of
this section of said solenoid, the magnetic effect is neutralised. Since the energising
current is flowing in opposite directions in the two windings it is obvious that the
effect is that of a non-inductive resistance and the magnetic effect upon that part of
the core projecting into the lower portion of said solenoid is neutral, so that said
core is withdrawn into the upper part of the solenoid. The rocking movement is
thus continuous. A resistance suitably calibrated to balance the make and break
action is included in the circuit, also an incandescence lamp for the necessary
illumination. The rocking beam carries a pawl, which feeds the wheel carrying
one end of the coiled-spring-until-a certain tension is imposed upon it. Two or
more pawls retain the barrel against the tension imposed upon it, and tipping
pins arranged around the face of the wheel alternately lift one of said pawls

page_text: thus enabling the disc to advance quickly through the space of one perforation,
which brings another transparency into the field of vision.
I may use a polygonal body mounted upon the spindle hereinbefore described,
instead of a disc, printing or forming the advertisements upon each face thereof
so as to be directly visible or upon a transparent medium forming the faces of
the polygon. In this case the advertisement is not projected upon a screen or
the like, but is simply shown, and changed at regular intervals.
I may combine the invention as herein described with an outside shop lamp,
so that it may serve the dual purpose of illumination and also the displaying of
advertisements.
Dated this 19th day of March 1896.
FREDK. WALKER,
Registered Patent Agent,
73 St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, E., Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in and connected with Advertising Devices Operated
by an Electric Current.
I, JOHN HILLERY COLLINGS, formerly of No. 22 Goldsmith Road, Leyton,
now of No. 56 Addison Road Wanstead, in the County of Essex, Draughtsman
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to certain improvements in, and connected with advertising
devices operated by an electric current which may be derived from an existing
main circuit carrying either an alternating or continuous current, or from an
independent source, and is an improvement upon the invention described in and
shown by the drawings of the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me,
No. 6780 dated April 5th 1894; and therefore the details beyond and outside of
the working parts need not be shown by the drawings or described in this
specification.
In order that my invention may be clearly rendered, I have appended the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which
Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section of the device, and Figure 2 a plan view
thereof.
Figures 3 and 4 are diagrammatic views of the electrical connections, showing
two positions of contact.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several
views.
In carrying my invention into effect I employ a disc A mounted upon a spindle S
and perforated with a number of holes in which are placed transparent advertise-
ments each of which acts as a slide to a projective lantern throwing the advertisement
upon a suitable screen in one direction, and the direct rays of the lamp in another
direction, as described in the Specification No. 6780 of A.D. 1894, before referred
to. This disc A is shown in dotted utline in Figures 1 and 2. Said spindle S,
carrying the disc A has attached to it a coiled spring and drum or preferably a
drum D and springs, said spring s in this case being spiral, and one end attached
to the drum D and the other to a loose toothed wheel geared to a ratchet wheel, or
preferably as shown, to the ratchet wheel R directly without gearing. A double
solenoid TT with a laminated core C common to both windings is fixed upon the
base plate E. Said laminated core C is arranged to work freely within the
solenoids T T', and is connected by a pin p and forked slot to a rocking beam F,

page_text: which is centrally pivotted to allow of a vertical reciprocatory movement analogous
to that of a beam engine, when the magnetic effect of the double solenoid T T' is
varied or interrupted. The opposite end of the beam F is connected to a dash pot,
air pump or displacer G', in order to provide the requisite mechanical resistance
to obviate a rapid vibratory movement of short periodicity. The rocking or
reciprocatory movement of the beam F is obtained by a variable electric contact
produced by the alternating movement of a contact arm a which is pivotted by a
short pin g within a moveable frame z to which it is attached by a spiral or other
spring y which keeps it in contact with one of the two contact bars in w¹. In
Figures 1 and 2 this contact is shown as upon the vertical contact bar w¹. The
bobbins T T of the double solenoid are separated centrally by a diaphragm or the
like of insulating material o. Referring now to the diagrams Figures 3 and 4,
the upper winding of T is connected to one terminal + and the same end is also
connected to the contact bar w, and the other end to one of the double windings.
of T' (distinguished by thick and thin lines respectively). The lower bobbin T¹ is
wound as shown with two wires insulated from each other, and possessing an equal
magnetic effect upon the core C, the lower end of one winding being coupled to
the lower end of T and the other end thereof to the moveable contact lever a.
The upper end of the second winding of T is also connected to the lower end of
that of T, and its lower end is coupled to the terminal and also to the contact.
bar w. The diagram Figure 3 shows the mechanical position of the core C, as
depressed, and contact established by the arm a to terminal through the first.
winding of T and the winding of T, from the terminal +, the two terminals being
connected to the main leads through a resistance, or as a shunt to a lamp, or to a
battery or other source of an electric current. The action of the core C producing
the rocking motion of the beam F during the downstroke of the said core C, is
caused by the electric current flowing in one direction throughout the three
windings, the conditions being analogous to the behavior of a plain helix with.
a resistance placed in multiple, or parallel circuit with it. The iron core C is thus-
drawn into the solenoid until the moveable contact a is caused to break contact
with and establish contact with w', thus energising the second winding of the
lower part T of the solenoid in an opposite direction, by reason of its connection-
in parallel with the first winding of this section T', the magnetic effect is neutralised..
Since the energising current is flowing in opposite directions in the two windings,
it is obvious that the effect is that of a non-inductive resistance, and the magnetic-
effect upon that part of the core C projecting into the lower portion T¹ of said
solenoid is neutral, so that the core C is withdrawn into the upper part T of the
solenoid, and the rocking movement of the beam F is thus rendered continuous..
The two diagrams Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the respective positions of the core C
and contact bar a at the up and down stroke. It is obvious that the contact of the
arm a with w and w¹ must be prolonged during leach stroke, and then suddenly
changed. In order to effect this I attach by a swivel or toggle joint an.
Archemedian screw, or twist to the core C, and cause it to engage with a
suitable nut u fixed as a bracket to the rigid part of the apparatus. The recipro--
catory movement of the core therefore causes v to rotate through a quarter of a
revolution, or any other degree within the range of adjustment. The twist v carries
at its upper extremity a frame 2, holding a vertical spindle q freely poised between
two centres. The contact arm a is fixed to this, and is coupled to the frame by a
spiral or other spring y, bowed to clear the spindle q in the second position. In
Figures 1 and 2 the arm a is shown in contact with w¹, and the core C is depressed..
The diagram Figure 3 also shows the same position. The core C will now rise,.
maintaining the contact of a with w until the end of the stroke is reached,
although the revolution of caused by the raising of the twist vand its
engagement with the nut u continues. The spring y is, at the end of the stroke
carried past the centre of rotation, and then the arm a is thrown over into
contact with w, which is similarly maintained during the downward stroke, and
again reversed.

page_text: The reciprocatory movement of the beam F is required to cause the disc A to
change the position of the holes regularly at predetermined intervals of time.
Each stroke of said beam F feeds the ratchet wheel R one or more teeth, while
the drum D being fixed upon the spindle S, also carrying the disc A is stationary,
being held by one or more pawls K upon arms L, said pawls having tail pieces
extending beyond the pivots. Stop pins in the periphery of the drum are
arranged to engage with the nose of the pawls K in sequence. The ratchet R
being thus fed by a pawl M attached to the beam F, and backlash prevented
by a supplementary pawl N, the gradual step by step rotation of said ratchet R
imposes a gradually increasing tension upon the springs which connects R and D.
Two or more bent lugs n n¹ n", projecting radially from the periphery of R are
thus gradually advanced upon the pawls K, and engage with the tail pieces thereof.
The pawl K thus being raised to clear the stop pin i, i or as the case may be,
liberates the drum D, which by reason of the tension of the springs advances to
the distance of one stop pin, and so exposes another hole in the disc A opposite to
the lense by a rapid movement. The movement is arrested by the contact of
another stop pin with another pawl K. The disposition of the lugs n pawls K
and pins are arranged so that one pawl only is released, the other acting as a stop
until released in its turn.
I may include in the circuit a resistance suitably calibrated to compensate the
"make and break" action of the contact arm a, and also include one or more
electric lamps to project the transparency upon the screen in one direction, and
furnish the necessary illuminating power for a shop window or other light in the
other direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
First. In advertising devices operated by an electric current, the combination
and arrangement of the mechanical parts and electrical contacts substantially as
herein described and for the purposes set forth, with reference to the appended
drawings.
Second. In advertising devices operated by an electric current, the employment
of a double solenoid T T with a core C, and winding of the upper and lower
sections as shown by the diagrams Figures 3 and 4 in combination with a contact
arm a and contacts w w arranged and operated substantially as herein described
and shown.
Third. In advertising devices operated by an electric current, the construction
and employment of a twist v, frame z and contact arm a in combination with
contacts wow, core C and compound solenoid T T¹ substantially as and for the
purposes herein set forth and shown by the appended drawings.
Fourth. In advertising devices operated by an electric current the combination
of a reciprocating core C with a beam F and pawl M engaging with ratchet F
imposing tension on and releasing drum D and spindle S at intervals substantially
as herein described and shown by the appended drawings.
Fifth. In advertising devices operated by an electric current, the step by ste
feed and quick release comprised by the arrangement of the loose ratchet R
springs drum D spindle S and pawls K with the lugs n n¹ n¹¹ substantially a
herein described and shown by the appended drawings.
Dated this 19th day of December 1896.
FREDK. WALKER,
73, St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, London, E.,
Agent for the Applicant.