Improvements in Filters and in the arrangement and Comma tion of Ingredients or Filtering Medium Employed therein.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Filters and in the arrangement and Comma
tion of Ingredients or Filtering Medium Employed therein.
I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT, of 76, St. Domingo Valo, Everton, Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of my said 'invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND COMBINATION OF
INGREDIENTS OR FILTERING MEDIUM EMPLOYED THEREIN to be as follows:--
"1
This invention consists of an improved combination of filter and asbestos fibre,
lime, and iron.
According to this my invention I make the bottom of the filtering chamber of
porous stone, carbon, or of ordinary pottery having a number of small holes or
perforations the chamber containing the unfiltered water and filtering ingredients
is provided with a number of concentric rings or flanges round the inside-These
rings prevent the water passing directly down or along the interior surface of the
filtering chamber-The top ring or flange supports a loose perforated plate-When
setting the filter I place a layer of asbestos (not woven but in the fibre) on the
porous stone, carbon, or perforated bottom of the unfiltered water chamber, and on
the top of the asbestos fibre, a layer of lime, carbon, or manganese, (separate or
mixed), and upon the latter a layer of iron then put on the perforated plate or lid
and the filter is ready for operation.
The action is as follows:-The unfiltered water passes through the perforated
lid or cover the latter arrests any coarse matter in suspension, the water then
passes through the iron which oxydizes or burns up all organic matter-the water
next, passes through the lime, carbon, or manganese, which prevents the iron
in solution in the water from passing through and into the filtered water, it also
charges the water with carbonic acid gas.-The water then passes through the
asbestos fibre, which prevents the lime in solution passing to the filtered water
chamber-The water then passes through the porous stone carbon or perforated

page_text: plate composing the bottom of the filtering medium vessel and before dripping
down runs over the bottom or outer surface of the said plate and so each drop
becomes or is aerated.
The use of asbestos in the fibre obviates the objection to asbestos cloth or asbestos
in a manufactured state, when it is usually largely charged with organic matter.
Dated this 9th day of October 1885
Improvements in Filters and in the Arrangement and Combina-
:
tion of Ingredients or Filtering Medium Employed therein.
.
I EDWARD MARTIN KNIGHT of 76 St. Domingo Vale, Everton, Liverpool in
the County of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT AND COMBINATION OF
INGREDIENTS OR FILTERING MEDIUM EMPLOYED THEREIN and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
2
This invention consists of an improved combination of filter and asbestos fibre,
lime and iron.
Such being the nature and object of my said invention, the following is a
complete description of same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings
forming a part of the Specification in which
'
Fig. 1. is a front elevation partly in section, shewing filter having the combined
ingredients in position.
Fig. 2. is a section of the containing vessel for the ingredients.
According to this my invention I make the bottom 1. of the filtering chamber 2.
of porous stone, carbon, or of ordinary pottery having a number of small holes
or perforations 3. the chamber 4. containing' the unfiltered water and filtering
ingredients is provided with a number of concentric rings or flanges 5. 5. 5. round
the inside. These rings 5 prevent the water passing directly down or along the
interior surface of the filtering chamber 4. The top ring or flange 5 supports a
loose perforated plate 6. When setting the filter I place a layer of asbestos 7. (not
woven but in the fibre) on the porous stone, carbon or perforated bottom 1. of the
unfiltered water chamber, and on the top of the asbestos fibre is a layer of lime 8.
carbon, or manganese, (separate or mixed), and upon the latter a layer of iron 9.
then put on the perforated plate or lid 6. and the filter is ready for operation.
The action is as follows:-The unfiltered water at 10. passes through the
perforated lid or cover 6. the latter arrests any coarse matter in suspension the

page_text: water then passes through the iron 9. which oxydizes or burns up all organic
matter the water next passes through the lime 8. carbon or manganese, which
prevents the iron in solution in the water from passing through into the filtered
water at 11. it also charges the water with carbonic acid gas. The water then
passes through the asbestos fibre 7, which prevents the lime in solution passing to
the filtered water chamber 11. The water then passes through the porous stone,
carbon or perforated plate, composing the bottom of the filtering medium vessel 1.
and before dripping down runs over the bottom or outer surface of the said plate 1.
and so each drop becomes or is aerated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
The use in combination of asbestos 7. lime 8, and iron 9. in a containing vessel
such as 4. for purpose herein described.