Improvements in Oil Atomizing and Carbureting Apparatus for Gas Generators.
Year: 1895

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Atomizing and Carbureting Apparatus for Gas
Generators.
I, OLAF NICALAUS GULDLIN, of Fort Wayne, in the County of Allen, and
State of Indiana, United States of America, Gas Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an apparatus for carburetting or enriching water-gas
with hydrocarbon vapor, and it relates more particularly to an improved device
for atomizing hydrocarbon oil and injecting it into and mingling it with water-gas
in the carbureting chamber or the superheater of a water-gas apparatus.
The objects of my invention are to provide for more perfectly an economically
carbureting water-gas with atomized or finely divided hydrocarbon oil and doing
away with the jet of steam usually employed for injecting and spraying oil, and thereby
effecting the saving of a large per cent. of hydrocarbon oil required for carbureting
water-gas to the desired candle power; also to provide a simple, durable, and
efficient device for atomizing liquid hydrocarbon and injecting it into and
intimately mixing it with the water-gas in the carbureting and fixing chamber
of the superheater, so as to thoroughly carburet the gas without diluting and
deteriorating it with steam; also to provide a device so constructed and arranged
that the various parts may be readily detached and cleaned or repaired and quickly
assembled for operation.
The matter constituting my invention will be defined in the claims.
My improved apparatus for carbureting water-gas is illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings, in which,-
Figure represents a longitudinal section of my oil atomizing and injecting
device applied in position in the wall of the superheater of a water-gas apparatus ;
Fig. 2 represents an elevation, on enlarged scale, of the atomizing plug having
a conical valve section;
Fig. 3 represents a rear end view thereof;
The atomizing plug, A, of my device is constructed with a cylindrical body,
having a conical end, a, serving as a valve, and said body is provided with a circle
of lugs a', projecting from its circumferential portion and forming between them a
series of ducts or passages, c, said lugs serving to break up the oil and also to
guide the body, A, in its casing. The body, A, is also provided near its front end,
just back of the conical end, a, with a circle of diagonal or spiral lugs, b, forming
a series of diagonal or spiral passages, cl, for imparting to the oil a whirling motion
ns it is expelled from the atomizer into the carbureting chamber. The lugs or
projections, b, are formed upon or secured to the body, A, in position diagonal to
the longitudinal axis of the plug and the intervening passages, c', are formed in the
same diagonal relation to the axis and will therefore impart to the oil a whirling motion.
It is to be noted that the inclined lugs, b, are arranged upon the surface of A, so as
to break joints with the lugs, a'; that is, so that each lug, b, shall be in line with
passage, c, between the lugs, a', and will therefore serve to deflect the currents of
oil and assist in atomizing it. The atomizing plug, A, is enclosed within suitable tubes
or casings which are inserted in the wall, E, of the superheater as will now be
Tescribed.
The external tube or casing, B, is preferably made of wrought iron and is
screw-threaded at its outer end to cugage with the T-coupling H, and bushing n.

page_text: The inner tube or casing, C, is preferably constructed of wrought iron and is
screw-threaded at both ends, as shown. The nozzle, D, is preferably constructed
of thick steel and is screw-threaded at its rear end, where it engages with tube C, and
at its front end is provided with a thickened head, d, having a conical valve seat, d',
and a flaring vent or mouth d". The nozzle, D, is made thick and strong to prevent
it from being warped or readily burned out by the heat and it serves to hold the
atomizing plug, A, and has a seat for its conical valve section, a, by means of which
the flow of oil may be regulated and entirely shut off at will. The lugs, a and b,
of the atomizing plug fit snugly within the nozzle D, so that the oil is compelled to
pass through the passages c and c¹. The stem or rod, G, is connected to plug, A,
by a pin at the socket r, and is also connected in a similar manner to the shaft of
the hand wheel L.
The T-coupling H, at the outer end of the casing is provided internally with
screw-threaded seats h and h, respectively, for connecting the tubes B and C and
also with the internally screw-threaded branch, ", and the screw-threaded
opening, at its outer end. A stuffing-box, 9, is secured to the end of the
coupling H, and is provided with a screw-threaded bearing for the screw-threaded
portions, l, of the shaft L, by means of which the plug, A, may be adjusted out or
in to regulate or shut off the flow of atomized oil.
A T-coupling, P, connects by nipple, I, to the branch, 4, and has connecting
with it the oil supply pipe O and a steam supply pipe S, the purpose of which will
be hereinafter described.
The wall, E, of the superheater is constructed of brick and an iron jacket
in the usual manner, and is provided especially for my atomizer and injector,
with a large tile, J, having a recess or socket, j, for containing the asbestos
or other non-conducting fire proof packing K, and said tile J, is also formed
at its inner end with a flaring opening, ', extending from the inner end of
the injector casing to the inner surface of the carbureting chamber E'. A thick
ring, m, having a central screw-threaded opening is riveted to the iron jacket of
the wall E, and within the opening of this ring is inserted the screw-threaded
bushing a, and within such bushing is secured the outer tube or casing B of the
device. The asbestos packing, K, is packed around the casing B, for protecting it
from excessive heat. The outer casing, B, may be left in place within the wall E,
while the casing, C, with the nozzle, D, and atomizing plug, A, may be withdrawn
to be cleaned or repaired. A protected passageway is thus formed in the wall for
the atomizing device, so that it may be quickly repaired and secured in position for
active use.
The device being constructed and secured in position as above described, the
operation is as follows: The plug, A, is withdrawn a short distance from the
sent, d, so as to leave a suitable opening for the escape of hydrocarbon vapor, and
hydrocarbon oil is admitted, preferably under pressure, through pipe O, into the
casing C, and is first deflected by lugs a', through the longitudinal passages c, and
against the diagonal lugs, e, by means of which it is dashed into spray, and is
thence deflected through the diagonal or spiral passages, c', from which it is forced
tangentially against the tapering seat, d', thereby further atomizing it, and the
resulting vapor is thence discharged with a whirling motion, through the flaring
vent or mouth, d, and the flaring opening, , into the carbureting chamber E', of
the superheater where it is intimately mingled, on account of its whirling motion
and finely divided condition, with the inflowing water-gas. The atomized oil is
quickly and uniformly diffused through the whole body of water-gas, thereby
uniformly and effectively carbureting it to produce a gas of the desired candle
power. By the use of this device and method no oil is wasted by running down
the wall of the generator and being burned and converted into lamp black, and a
large saving of oil is also effected on account of the absence of steam which is
usually employed as the oil injecting agent and which results in diluting and
deteriorating the quality of the gas, and on account of which, therefore, a much
larger quantity of oil is required to produce a given candle power of gas. If oil is

page_text: allowed to flow by gravity through an ordinary pipe into the superheater, it is apt
to run down along the wall and the brick work in streaks and injuriously cool the
same, and thereby prevent vaporization and mixture with the water-gas.
device and method overcomes these objections and produce greatly improved
results.
My
The atomizing and injecting device is set in the brick work with its front end
back from the interior face of the wall of the carbureting chamber, so that it is
protected from intense heat; but, in case the nozzle becomes clogged with
thickened or burned hydrocarbon, or the casing, C, becomes clogged by deposits of
napthaline or paraffin, or other obstructions, a jet of steam is admitted by pipe S,
while the oil is shut off, and will quickly melt and force out the obstructive
deposits.
This oil atomizing and injecting device has proved very effective and economical
in practical operation, and, by its use, 1 have obtained greatly improved results in
the manufacture of carbureited water-gas.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In an apparatus for carbureting gas, the combination with a casing having a
nozzle and valve seat, of an atomizing plug enclosed within said casing and
provided with a valve adapted to close on said seat, and series of circumferential
Jugs arranged to break joints, longitudinally, one with another, an form inter-
mediate passages for atomizing the oil, an operating stem connecting with said
plug, and an oil supply pipe connecting with the casing, substantially as
described.
2. In an apparatus for carbureting gas, the combination with a casing of au
atomizing plug enclosed therein and provided with a series of circumferential lugs
having passages parallel with the axis between them, and a series of lugs disposed
diagonally to the longitudinal axle of the plug and having diagonal passages
between them for atomizing the oil and giving it a whirling motion, and the oil
supply pipe connecting with the casing, substantially as described.
3. In combination with the carbureting chamber of a superheater, casing and
nozzle having a valve scat, a cylindrical atomizing plug having a solid valve-end
adapted to close on said valve seat, and the body of said plug also provided with
circumferential lugs, so disposed as to break joints one with another, longitudinally,
and part of said lugs being disposed diagonally to the axis and having diagonal or
spiral passages between them for atomizing the oil and giving it a whirling motion,
stem connecting with said plug, and an oil supply pipe connecting with the
casing, substantially as described.
4. In combination with a casing and nozzle, having a conical valve seat, an
adjustable atomizing plug having a solid conical end adapted to fit in said seat and
he body of said plug provided with circumferential atomizing lugs, breaking joints
ongitudinally, a stem or rod connecting with said plug and having a hand wheel at
ts outer end for turning and adjusting the plug with relation to the valve seat and
n oil supply pipe connecting with the casing, substantially as described.
Dated this 10th day of September 1895.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.