Improvements in or relating to Centrifugal Separating Apparatus.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 12th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 4th June, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Centrifugal Separating Apparatus.
I, JAMES MILLEN ADAM, of Ibrox Ironworks, Glasgow, Scotland, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
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This invention relates to improvements in centrifugal separating or dust collect-
ing apparatus. A centrifugal separator (one form of which is known as the
Cyclone") consists generally of a vessel partly or wholly in the form of an
inverted cone, in which the dust or granular or fibrous material dealt with falls
through a hole in the bottom or apex, and the separated air passes out more or
less purified through an orifice in about the centre of the top plate or base. When
adjustment is necessary-as for fine dust-a baffle plate is frequently used which
covers the air outlet at a variable interval.
According to this invention I substitute for this external baffle an internal baffle
preferably of bell shape or a right cone, placed near the bottom of and concentric
with the inverted cone of the shell, and so adjusted as to leave a narrow annular
space between its outer edge and the shell for the passage of the dust. The diameter
of the internal bell or baffle in relation to the volume of air and size of outlet must
be such as to reach the node, or divide between the descending cyclonic zone of
pressure, and the ascending zone of negative pressure, through which latter very
fine dust has a tendency to rise and escape.
Besides obtaining by this means a more perfect separation under pressure, I
anticipate being able to use the separator in the line of pipe between the dust
source and the fan or exhauster, and so to rarify the air within the separator with
improved results. By this method also the last vestiges of noxious dust may be
delivered into a destructor or the air on the pressure side of the fan may be utilized,
as for example for blowing a furnace, or it may be returned to the dust source
for reconveying thus completing the cycle and so economising power.
Doted this 19th day of Juno 1807
3 Improvements in or relating to Centrifugal Separating Apparatus.
JAMES MILLEN ADAM, Engineer, Ibrox Iron Works, (Fairley Street, Govan),
Glasgow, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
[Price 8d.]

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the separation of dust from air and
is applicable to any similar conditions in relation to any gas. Its object is to
deposit dust of finer division or inferior specific gravity.
It comprises a modification of or addition to a centrifugal dust separator-a
known apparatus consisting generally of a vessel shaped like an inverted cone
whose inlet is near the top tangential to the base, and having two outlets. The
outlet for purified air being a cylinder or tube, depending centrally from the top
a certain distance inwards, and that for collected dust being a hole at the lowest
point or apex.
Foul air driven into this vessel with velocity is compelled to a whirling or
cyclonic motion whereby particles of greater specific gravity are driven tangentially
towards the walls or shell of the vessel, carried downwards by the descending
cyclonic current and discharged at the lower orifice, while the purer air about
the centre of the vortex escapes through the upper outlet, adjustment of escape
being made by means of a variable external baffle plate.
I dispense with any baffle plate over the air outlet and so reduce the back pres-
sure of the apparatus, and I introduce a baffle inside the vessel having its lower
lip preferably, but not necessarily in the form of a right cone concentric with
the shell, and capable of adjustment in respect of both magnitude and altitude,
so that it shall reach the node or "divide" between the external descending zone,
and the central ascending zone.
By this means I form a settling chamber beneath the baffle and within the
separator, in equilibrium in respect of pressure, and the capacity of this chamber
may be increased by making the supporting stem hollow as illustrated.
By this means also I am enabled to work the apparatus by induction on the
exhaust side of the fan which creates the necessary current To accomplish this
the air outlet at the top of the separator is extended outwards and connected to
the exhaust pipe, the dust outlet is joined to a closed chamber, while foul air is
free to enter by the usual inlet either from the surrounding atmosphere or through
a pipe from the dust source.
With reference to drawings herewith Fig. 1 is an elevation of my apparatus
in situ within a centrifugal dust separator which is shewn in section. A is the
baffle, B is a hollow stem connected to and opening through the baffle, and closed
at top, C is an adjusting nut, D is the dust chamber and G is the shell of separator.
Fig. 2 is an elevation of a centrifugal dust separator containing the improved
baffle and arranged for working by induction. E is air outlet or exhaust pipe to
fan, is air inlet, H is a closed dust receiver, G is shell of separator.
I am
aware that concentric tubes or baffles of varying form and position, have been
used prior to my invention-within a centrifugal dust separator, it will therefore
be understood that I do not claim these things broadly as my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
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1. In a centrifugal dust separator, an internal baffle, concentric with the shell
constructed for adjustment so that its periphery reaches the node of pressure within
the apparatus, substantially as herein described.
2. The combination of a conical dust separator and an internal baffle concentric
with the shell, constructed for adjustment in respect of size and vertical position,
so that its periphery reaches the node of pressure within the apparatus, substan-
tially as herein described.
3. The combination of a conical dust separator and an internal baffle concentric
with the shell, constructed for adjustment in respect of size and vertical position,
so that its periphery reaches the node of pressure within the apparatus, the said

page_text: separator having its upper or pure air orifice extended outwards to connect to an
exhaust fan or other mode of suction and having its lower or dust outlet joined
to a closed receiver.
Dated this Floranth
1000