IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING, COLORING, AND VARNISHING INDIA-RUBBER GOODS, AND SIMILAR MANUFACTURES
Year: 1859

page_text: Manufacturer, lor
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING, COLORING, AND VARNISHING
INDIA-RUBBER GOODS, AND SIMILAR MANUFACTURES."-A communication
from abroad by Hiram Lyman Hall, of Beverley, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
Sealed the 12th August 1859, and dated the 23rd May 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd May 1859.
I, NATHANIEL SHATTSWELL DODGE, of 44, Saint Paul's Churchyard, in the
City of London, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING. COLORING, AND VARNISHING
INDIA-RUBBER GOODS, AND SIMILAR MANUFACTURES," a communication from
abroad by Hiram Lyman Hall, of Beverley, Massachusetts, United States of
America, to be as follows:-
This invention consists, first, in the sizing or preparing of the surfaces of
india-rubber goods and similar manufactures for the reception of varnishes
and colors. The size employed may be composed of starchy, glutinous,,
albuminous, bituminous, resinous, or gummy substances. In some cases the
[Price 8d.]

page_text: size may be combined with color before its application to the surface of the
material; but in the manufacture of goods of a higher class the articles are
first sized, and the colors or varnishes afterwards applied thereto.
The improvements further consist in the preparation of a peculiar varnish
for this class of goods. According to one mode of preparation, I boil linseed
oil together with sulphur, until the two substances are thoroughly combined,
care being taken that the boiling process be not continued too long. Another
varnish may be prepared by combining lead, lamp black, sulphur, Java or
Para gum and any suitable solvent, and boiling the mass until the substances
become dissolved and combined together in a liquid state.
The sizing process and the varnishes herein-before described are particularly
applicable to the manufacture of india-rubber and similar fabrics, whether
such fabrics are prepared according to the processes of manufacture in ordinary
use, or from waste vulcanized india-rubber.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd November 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NATHANIEL
SHATTSWELL DODGE, of 44, St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of London,
Merchant and Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, Her special license that I, the said Nathaniel
Shatiswell Dodge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully night make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FINISHING, COLOURING, AND VARNISHING INDIA-
RUBBER GOODS, AND SIMILAR MANUFACTURES," a communication from abroad by
Hiram Lyman Hall, of Beverley, Massachusetts, United States of America,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Nathaniel Shattswell
Dodge, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-

page_text: ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-
The said Invention consists, first, in the sizing or preparing of the surfaces
of india-rubber goods and similar waterproof manufactures for the reception
of varnishes and colors. The size employed may be composed of starchy,
glutinous, albuminious, bituminous, resinous, or gummy substances; I have
found in practice that common starch dissolved in water answers as well as
any other size. In some cases, where economy is desired, the size may be
combined with color before its application to the surface of the material; but
in the manufacture of goods of a higher class, the articles are first sized, and
the colors or varnishes afterwards applied thereto, and dried in suitable drying
chambers, the temperature being regulated to suit the particular varnish
employed, ranging from 90° to 280° Fahrenheit.
The improvements further consist in the preparation of a peculiar varnish
for the class of goods herein-before referred to. According to one mode of
preparation, I boil linseed oil together with sulphur, until the two substances
are thoroughly combined, care being taken that the boiling process be not
continued too long. I have obtained a good result from the following pro-
portions: Say, one pound of flour of sulphur to one gallon of oil; another
varnish may be prepared by combining, say, four pounds of oxide of lead, two
pounds lamp black, five ounces of flour of sulphur, and ten pounds of india-
rubber gum, with any suitable solvent, and boiling the mass in a suitable
vessel, until the substances become dissolved and combined together in a liquid
state; or, if desired, india-rubber gum alone may be used, dissolved by boiling
it in any well-known solvent applicable as a size before applying colouring
matter, or as a varnish or finish for the goods..
The sizing process and the varnishes herein-before described are particularly
applicable to the manufacture of india-rubber and similar waterproof fabrics,
either as a waterproofing or finishing substance, whether such fabrics are
prepared according to the processes of manufacture in ordinary use, or from
waste vulcanized india-rubber.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
L.-

page_text: effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the processes for finishing, colouring, and varnishing india-rubber
goods, and similar manufactures, as herein-before described.
Second, the sizing or preparing of the surfaces of india-rubber goods and
similar waterproof manufactures for the reception of varnishes and colors, as
herein-before described.
Third, the application and use to and in the finishing, coloring, or varnishing
of the surfaces of india-rubber goods and similar waterproof fabrics, of a
varnish composed of linseed oil and sulphur boiled together, as herein-before
described.
Fourth, the application and use to and in the finishing, coloring, or
varnishing of the surfaces of india-rubber and other similar waterproof
manufactures, of a mixture of lead, lamp black, sulphur, india-rubber, gum,
and suitable solvent, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I have to this Specification set my hand and seal,
this Twenty-second day of November, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-nine.
N. S. DODGE. (L.S.)