IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WARPING, DRESSING, SIZING, AND BEAMING YARN
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bullough, of Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR WARPING, DRESSING, SIZING, AND BEAMING YARN."
Sealed the 16th October 1866, and dated the 18th April 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bullough at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
April 1866.
I, WILLIAM BULLOUGH, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WARPING, DRESSING, SIZING, AND BEAMING YARN," to be as
follows:-
The nature of this Invention consists in conveying the yarn from two; or
more warp beams through the usual sizing trough and squeezing rollers, then
between a pair of circular brushes, or between a pair of grooved rollers with
or without bristles or brushes; these brushes or grooved rollers revolve in the
direction of the yarn, but faster, in order to lay the fibres; the yarn is then
taken around the drying cylinder, which is placed above or below the level of
yarn in order to economise space, the yarn then passes over guide rollers
and around a drum, by which the beam on which the yarn is wound is driven
at a uniform surface speed; this beam has flanges fitting over the ends of the
drum, and in order to prevent the end yarns falling off the end of the drum I
the

page_text: fix needle points near the ends of the drum, or I take a certain number of
yarns from each end of the warp direct from the guide roller to the warp
beam.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Bullough in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th October 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BULLOUGH, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Bullough, Her special license that I, the said William Bullough,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Bullough, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WARPING, DRESSING, SIZING, AND BEAMING YARN," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said William Bullough, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bullough, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
The nature of this Invention consists in conveying the yarn from two or
more warp beams through the usual sizing trough and squeezing rollers, then
between a pair of circular brushes, or between a pair of grooved rollers, with
or without bristles or brushes; 'these brushes or grooved rollers revolve in the
direction of the yarn, but faster, in order to lay the fibres; the yarn is then

page_text: taken around the drying cylinder, which is placed above or below the level of
the yarn in order to economise space; the yarn then passes over guide roller's
and around a drum, by which the beam on which the yarn is wound is driven
at a uniform surface speed; this beam has flanges fitting over the ends of the
drum, and in order to prevent the end yarns falling off the end of the drum I
fix needle points near the ends of the drum, or I take a certain number of
yarns from each end of the warp direct from the guide roller to the warp
beam.
1
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
'
Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved machine for warping, dressing,
sizing, and beaming yarn; Figure 2 is a section on an enlarged scale of part
of the same.
a, a, are the ordinary warp beams on which the yarn is brought to the
machine; these beams are supported by the rollers a¹, around which passes
the endless band a²; the rollers a² are narrower than the space between the
flanges of the beams a, consequently as the beams are unwound the flanges
pass over the ends of the rollers a¹. The object of these rollers and the
endless band is to keep all the beams a at a uniform surface speed while the
yarn is drawn off them. 6 is the usual roller revolving in the sizing trough;
and c, c, are the usual squeezing rollers. The yarn on leaving the rollers c is
taken between the rollers d and e, see Figure 2; the upper roller d is provided
with six or other convenient number of rows of bristles, and the lower roller e
is made with a corresponding number of projections forming grooves between
them; these rollers and e revolve in the same direction as the yarn travels,
but faster than the yarn, consequently the action of the bristles lays the fibres
of the yarn and distributes the size evenly. In some cases both the rollers d
and e may be furnished with bristles, or circular brushes may be used, or both
rollers may be similar to e; but I prefer the arrangement shewn, as the
bristles of the roller d act on the yarn when distended on the projections of
the roller e, and produce the desired result.
The Diagram, Figure 3, represents a modification of my improved brushes.
In this Figure the yarn on leaving the squeezing rollers c, c, is taken over
guide rollers a, a, and then brushed by the roller d; or instead of a single
roller, as shewn, two smaller rollers geared together may be made to act on
the yarn, thereby brushing it above and below in the same direction. The
yarn then passes around the guide roller f, and then around the drying
cylinder g, which to economise space in the length of the machine is placed

page_text: above the level of the yarn, as shewn in the Drawing, or below it if found
more convenient. The yarn then passes around the guide rollers h and i, and
around the drum to the beam with flanges k; the beam k is pressed against
the circumference of the drum j in the usual manner, and consequently
revolves at a uniform surface speed. The flanges of the beam k fit over the
ends of the drum, and in order to prevent the outermost yarns falling off the
ends of the drum I either fix needle points at and near the ends of the drum,
or I take a certain number of yarns from each end of the warp, as shewn in
¡Figure 4, and convey them direct from the guide roller i to the beam k, while
the remainder pass as before described round the drum j. The drum j is
driven from the bottom squeezing roller c by positive gearing, as shewn in
Figure 1, or by friction if desirable.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First, supporting the beams of warping, dressing, sizing, and beaming
machines on an endless belt and rollers, as shewn and described.
Secondly, the application of circular brushes, or a pair of rollers with bristles
and grooves when applied to machines for warping, dressing, sizing, and
beaming yarn, in the manner and for the purpose described.
Thirdly, I claim placing the drying cylinder of machines for warping,
dressing, sizing, and beaming yarn either above or below the level of the yarn,
in combination with the other arrangements and improvements described for
economizing space in the length of the machine.
And, lastly, I claim fixing needle points at or near the ends of the drum by
which the warp beam is driven to prevent the end yarns falling off.
And I also claim taking the end yarns direct from the guide roller to the
warp beam, for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bullough, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of October, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-six.
WILLIAM BULLOUGH. (L.S.)