IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES AND IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR LINING OR CONSTRUCTING THE SAME, AND FOR MAKING RETORTS, CRUCIBLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Wade Booth, of Duke Street, Bloomsbury, in
the County of Middlesex, Analytical Chemist, and George Holcroft, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES AND IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR LINING OR CONSTRUCTING THE SAME, AND FOR
MAKING RETORTS, CRUCIBLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Sealed the 15th August 1876, and dated the 9th March 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Wade Booth and
George Holcroft at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th
March 1876.
FREDERIC WADE BOOTH, of Duke Street, Bloomsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, Analytical Chemist, and GEORGE HOLCROFT, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
FURNACES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR LINING OR CON-
STRUCTING THE SAME, AND FOR MAKING RETORTS, CRUCIBLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES."
Our improvements in the construction of furnaces consists in making the whole of
the furnace, or that part of the interior which is exposed to the heat of the fire in
one mass of ordinary fire-clay or of the improved combination of materials hereafter
described, instead of building the same of ordinary fire-bricks as usual. The object
of this part of our Invention is to save labour and to produce a more durable
furnace.
Our improvements in the manufacture of materials for lining or constructing
furnaces and for making retorts, crucibles, and other similar articles, consist in the
use and combination of the silicates of alumina, potash, lime, and other suitable
silicates. These silicates are combined in various proportions according to the
degree of temperature to which they are to be exposed, and for some purposes it is
desirable to mix with the silicates a certain proportion of graphite. The improved
materials described may be moulded into the form of a retort or a series of retorts,
or a furnace or a series of furnaces, or the lining of the furnace or furnaces as above
referred to, or in the form of crucibles and other articles, or in segments, blocks,
lumps, bricks, or pulverulent, or the improved materials may be employed in a
plastic state and applied to the interior of the furnaces, to be lined or moulded into
the shape or shapes required.
.

page_text: The improved materials above described can be made to resist any degree of heat
to which the furnace, retort, or crucible may be applied, such structures are con-
sequently more durable than those made of the ingredients now in use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Frederic Wade Booth and George Holcroft in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th September 1876.
FREDERIC WADE BOOTH, of Duke Street, Bloomsbury, in the County of
Middlesex, Analytical Chemist, and GEORGE HOLCROFT, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
FURNACES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MATERIALS FOR LINING OR CON-
STRUCTING THE SAME, AND FOR MAKING RETORTS, CRUCIBLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES."
Our improvement in the construction of furnaces consists in making the whole of
the furnace or any part of a furnace, externally or internally, which may be exposed
to the heat of the fire, in one mass of ordinary fire-clay or of the improved combina-
tion of materials herein-after described, instead of building or constructing the same
of ordinary fire-bricks as usual. The object of this part of our Invention is to save
labour and to produce a more durable furnace, that is to say, the application of the
new combination of materials, hereafter described, upon any newly erected furnaces
or any furnaces already built, whether used in the form and substance of a clayey
pigment or of bricks burnt or unburnt, or of sections, segments, or lumps, whether
such are of raw material only put or manufactured into the above named forms for
special appropriations, or purposes, or otherwise.
Our improved combination of materials is also applicable to bakers' ovens, ships'
ovens, and other similar purposes.
Our improvements in the manufacture of materials for lining and constructing
furnaces, and for making retorts, bricks, crucibles, and other similar articles, consist
in the use and combination of the silicates of alumina, potash, lime, magnesia, and
other suitable silicates, neutral or basic in their chemical composition, and the
natural compounds of silica with the protoxides of iron and manganese.
We have tested the normal conditions analytically of each silicate which we shall
use in detail, and we combine the respective refractory energies of each silicate to
the respective forces of heat which may be brought to bear upon them in every
species of structure to which their ascertained refractory powers are to be adjusted.
To these silicates so combined with the protoxides of iron and manganese in various
proportions, according to the degree of temperature to which they are to be exposed,
we for some purposes find it desirable to use in combination or otherwise certain
proportions of graphite. We incorporate or amalgamate these silicates, compounded
in the manner herein-before stated, by the aid of machinery or not as the case may
require. The whole of these combinations of silicates have in view metallurgical
products specially adapted for each kind of furnace or metal.
In preparing this improved combination of materials for lining an ironfounder's
cupola, we use 6S parts of silica, 20 parts of alumina, 2 parts of protoxide of iron,
and 10 parts of graphite. The above is only given as an illustration, and the pro-
portions may be varied according to the various purposes to which the materials
are applied. The improved combinations of materials described may be moulded
into the form of a retort or a series of retorts, or a furnace or a series of furnaces, or
furnaces as above referred to, or in the form of crucibles and other articles, or in
segments, blocks, lumps, bricks, or in a pulverulent state, or the improved combined
materials may be employed in a plastic state and applied to the interior of the
furnaces to be lined, or moulded into the shape or shapes required.
The improved combined materials above described can be made to resist any
degree of heat to which the furnace, retort, crucible, or other article may be

page_text: subjected, such structures are consequently more durable than those made of the
ingredients now in use.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention and described the manner of
performing the same, we declare that we claim-
First. Making the whole or part of a furnace in one mass of ordinary fire-clay,
or of our improved combination of materials as described.
And Secondly. The peculiar combinations of the fire resisting materials described
and the application thereof to the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof
we,
the said Frederic Wade Booth and George Holcroft,
have hereto set our hands and seals, this Fourth day of September One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
FRED. W. BOOTH. (L.S.)
GEO. HOLCROFT.
(L.S.)