AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREVENTING THE ALTERATION OR FALSIFICATION OF WRITTEN DOCUMENTS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pehr Ambjorn Sparre, of Salisbury Street, Strand, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
MODE OF PREVENTING THE ALTERATION OR FALSIFICATION OF WRITTEN
DOCUMENTS."
Sealed the 15th September 1854, and dated the 10th May 1854,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pehr Ambjorn Sparre
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th May 1854.
I, PEHR AMBJORN SPARRE, of Salisbury Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREVENTING THE ALTERATION OR FALSIFICATION OF
WRITTEN DOCUMENTS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in covering the surface of the paper (or such portion
of the surface of the paper) as is to be written upon, with a design printed in
two colors, by. Congreve's process, or any other suitable means. One of these
colors must form an indelible ink which cannot be erased from the paper,
the other of an ink which can be easily washed out; and upon the portion of
the paper so printed is to be written the document, or that portion of the
document which it is desired especially to protect, as the signature, &c. .It
will now be seen, that if it be attempted to wash out any portion of the
writing from the printed portion of the paper, that the delible color only.
being removed, the fixed-color remaining, the design will be changed, and the
fraud will be evident.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Pehr Ambjorn Sparre in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st October 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PEHR
AMBJORN SPARRE, of Salisbury Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant. unto me,
the said Pehr Ambjorn Sparre, Her special licence that I, the said.
Pehr Ambjorn Sparre, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Pehr Ambjorn Sparre, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF PREVENTING THE ALTERATION. OR FALSIFICATION OF
WRITTEN DOCUMENTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Pehr Ambjorn Sparre, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pehr Ambjorn Sparre, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement thereof (that is to say):-
My Invention consists in covering the surface of the paper (or such portion
_of_the_surface of-the-paper-as-is-to-be-written upon) with a design printed in
two colors alternating in close succession (by Congreve's process, or any other
suitable means). One of these colors must be composed of an indelible ink,
which cannot be discharged from the paper, and the other color of an ink
which can be easily washed out; and upon the portion of the paper so printed
is to be written the document, or that portion of the document which it is
desired especially to protect, as the signature, amount, &c. It will now be
seen, that if it be attempted to discharge any portion of the writing from the
printed portion of the paper, the delible portion color only being removed,

page_text: and the fixed color remaining, the design will become changed, and the fraud
will be evident.
The indelible ink or color which I prefer to employ is composed of Paris
blue or lamp black, ground with very hard boiled linseed oil or nut oil; and
the delible ink may be composed of cochenille or of common writing ink,
dried and pulverized, and ground with very slightly boiled oil, or with water
thickened with gun or plaster of Paris; but I do not limit myself to these
particular compositions.
paper
What I claim as my Invention is, the covering the surface of the
(or such portion of the paper as is to be written upon) with a design printed
in two colors alternating in close succession, one of the said colors being
indelible and the other color to be of such nature that it can be easily dis-
charged from the paper.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pehr Ambjorn Sparre, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
JAMES MURDOCH.
P. A. SPARRE. (L.S.)..