Year: 1888

page_text: I HEINRICH GERDES of Grevenbroich near Aix-la-Chapelle in the Empire of
Germany do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The carding cloth hitherto made has the objection that after being in use only a
short time whether set in leather or cloth or other material it gets loose and bends.
The bending especially takes place by the carding teeth becoming bent outwards at
their ends. There are two causes which make the ends of the carding teeth bend
outwards Ist the peculiar form of the carding teeth 2nd the small hold which the
cards have on each other.
The carding teeth of the kinds hitherto in use which are set in the carding cloth in
the manner shown in Figures 1, 1 and 2 assume after being in use a short time the
forms shown in Figures 3, 3, and 4. The teeth are set separately without any hold
on each other in the carding cloth. By the mere pressure which is exercised by the
drawing up of the cards on the joint piece of the two limbs of the teeth this joint piece
gets bent in the middle and thus the limbs of the teeth set in the soft cloth or leather
get bent outwards. The bending of the teeth is also assisted by the polishing and
smoothing thereof when they are drawn on the drums. Thus the position of the
various teeth on the carding cloth is altered so that carding teeth which were
originally in rows at equal distances from each other become changed in their
relative positions and the original number of rows of carding teeth is reduced to half
or nearly half (see Figures 3, 3, and 4).
In consequence of the carding teeth having no hold on each other the separate teeth
also give way still more so that the ends of the teeth easily become bent back.
Hitherto the carding needles on the underneath side of the cloth or leather have also
been without the necessary hold on each other and they are simply held together by
the cloth or leather itself. The strength and durability of such carding cloth or
leather therefore depends entirely on the strength of the cloth or leather. But as a
certain amount of bend and elasticity is required of the cloth and therefore only soft

page_text: cloth can be used for carding cloth, the objections above described cannot be obviated
by choosing other kinds of cloth than that already known and used for carding cloth
purposes.
Now I have found that I can get over these difficulties by giving the separate
carding teeth new shapes differing from the former ones by which shape to begin with
the ends of the teeth are spared the tendency to give way in drawing the carding cloth
upon the rollers. This new shape of the teeth moreover has the effect that they have
a hold on and support each other. To attain this object I give the teeth underneath
in the joint piece of the two limbs a backward curve a (soc Figures 5 to 9) which is
so large that the curve of one row meets the curve of the other row and consequently
the joint piece of one limb is held by the joint piece of two other limbs. Hence the
joint piece of the limb lies with one surface on the drum or foundation and the teeth
thus stand free (i.e. without hold) against bending and without making any demands
on the cloth or leather which only serves to keep the carding teeth upright in their
proper position. The curve a also bas the effect that as already mentioned in drawing
upon the roller the teeth have no tendency to bend outwards as in consequence of their
shape they are curved round towards two different planes (see Figures 6 to 7). The
giving way of the teeth wben in use their bending outwards in consequence of loose
connecting material is thus entirely prevented even if the cards are drawn up
somewhat loose.
As by this means of fastening the card teeth hold themselves and the cloth or
material of the carding cloth thus has less influence on the position of the carding
teeth lighter stuff can therefore be used for the carding cloth. Moreover the new
mode of making the cards has the advantage that the carding teeth resting solely on
the roller and free to a greater length do no break out but are elastic through their
curve a whereas the elasticity of the cards depended chiefly on the nature of the stuff
on which they were set.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. In the manufacture of carding cloth the arrangement of the backward curve a
at the feet of the various teeth in such a way that they lie on the foundation of the
carding cloth or material substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2nd. The improved method of manufacturing card cloth and setting the card teeth
therein substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and as
represented in the drawings.
Datad this ɔɔnd la of Wabru 1000