Improvements in the Manufacture of Straps, suitable for Raising and Lowering Railway Carriage Windows and other analogous Uses.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 14th May, 1896-Accepted, 22nd Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Straps, suitable for Raising
and Lowering Railway Carriage Windows and other analogous
Uses.
I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77, Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
As is well known the straps attached to windows such as those of railway
and other carriages for raising and lowering the windows and holding them partly
open are not only liable to break with fair usage (as for example when a window
sticks) but also are in practice very often cut, pulled off or torn or otherwise
damaged by malicious persons. Now the object of my invention is the manufacture
of straps that shall be stronger and less liable to breakage and injury such as above
referred to and my invention has reference for this purpose to the combination or
incorporation with the leather or other material such as usually employed in the
manufacture of such straps of metal in the form of strips, bands, ribbons or wires
which I so apply in combination with the leather or other material as to run
the entire length of the strap, which may be made in considerable lengths and
cut to the required lengths to form the desired straps. My invention may be
carried out in various ways; one way is to use two or more thicknesses or layers
of leather or other material with an interposed ribbon or ribbons or strip or
strips of metal such as thin flexible steel the necessary perforations being inade
to extend through the metal as well as through the other material of the strap,
or several wires or a woven band or bands of wire may be used with the
leather or other material to form the strap; or the strap may be woven with
longitudinally arranged wires formning the warp or parts thereof, holes being when
required formed in a suitable manner at proper distances apart through the strap.
4 this 1st day of October 1895.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Straps, suitable for Raising
and Lowering Railway Carriage Windows and other analogous
Uses.
I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77 Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and, ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
As is well known the straps attached to windows.such as those of railway and
other carriages for raising and lowering the windows and bolding them partly open
are not only liable to break with fair usage (as for example when a window sticks)

page_text: but also are in practice very often cut, pulled off or torn or otherwise damaged by
malicious persons.
Now the object of my invention is the manufacture of compound straps that
shall be stronger and less liable to breakage and injury such as above referred
to and my invention has reference for this purpose to the combination or
incorporation with the leather or other material such as usually employed in the
manufacture of such straps, of metal in the, form of strips, ribbons or wires which I
so apply in combination with the leather or other material as to run the entire
length of the strap, which may be made in considerable lengths and cut to the
required lengths to form the desired straps..
My invention may be carried out in various ways.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying illustrative drawings show by way of example
in cross section and in broken plan respectively, a strap constructed according to
this invention and composed of two layers 1 of leather and an interposed ribbon 2
of thin flexible metal such as steel, the two layers of leather being suitably stitched
together at their edges outside the metal ribbon 2. The perforations 3, which are
as usual made at intervals in the strap, pass in this case through the layers of
leather and the metal ribbon, the three parts of the strap being held together at
each perforation by an eyelet 4. The layers of leather may be cemented or glued
together, and to the metal ribbon instead of being stitched together; or both modes
of attachment may be combined.
Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively showing a strap. in
which there are two metal ribbons or strips 6 inserted between two layers 1 of
leather, the perforations 3 being made between the ribbons or strips 6 which may
be of thin flexible sheet metal, as shown, or of woven wire.
Fig. 5 is a broken plan of a strap having a single broad strip 7 of woven wire
between its two leather layers 1.
Figs. 6 and 7 are similar views to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively showing a strap
composed of two layers 1 of leather and four interposed longitudinal wires 5 each
of which is secured in position by connecting the leather layers together along each
side of it by stitching as shown, or by cementing, or by both.
Fig. 8 is a cross section of a woven strap in which the warp is partly composed of
metal wires 8, the weft and the remainder of the warp being of suitable coarse
fibrous material.
:
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In the manufacture of straps suitable for raising and lowering railway carriage
windows and other analogous purposes, the combination or incorporation with the
leather or other material such as usually employed in the manufacture of such
straps, of metal in the form of strips, ribbons, or wires, substantially as and for the
purpose herein before set forth.
2. My compound straps hereinabove described with reference respectively to and
illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2; Figs. 3 and 4; Fig. 5; Figs. 6 and 7; and Fig. 8
of the accompanying drawings for raising and lowering railway carriage windows
and other analogous uses.
Dated this 13th dow of Mov 1906
ALEXANDER SPENCER.
•
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Londou, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.