IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRE- PARATION OF BONES FOR MANURE
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Aristides Vérel, of Macduff, in the County
of Banff, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRE-
PARATION OF BONES FOR MANURE."
Sealed the 8th November 1859, and dated the 22nd August 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Aristides Vérel
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd of August 1859.
I, WILLIAM ARISTIDES VEREL, of Macduff, in the County of Banff,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF BONES FOR MANURE," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the removal of the fine dust, and also the
soft or porous particles from the crushed bones as they leave the cutters of
an ordinary bone mill, thereby separating the portion of the bones which is
capable of being more readily decomposed from that portion which can
scarcely be decomposed without being either pulverized or dissolved. And
I accomplish this object by means of a riddle or sifter through which the
bones are first passed for the purpose of removing the fine dust, and a fan
by which a blast is produced of sufficient strength to be capable of removing
the soft or porous particles, and separating them from the solid or hard
[Price 8d.]

page_text: portions. The mode of combining the riddle and fan with the ordinary bone
mill may be varied, or they may be used as separate apparatus so long as they
are adapted for preparing the crushed bones in the manner above stated.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Aristides Vérel in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th February 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ARISTIDES VEREL, of Macduff, in the County of Banff, Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Willian Aristides Vérel, Her special license that I, the said
William Aristides Vérel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Aristides Vérel, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF BONES FOR MANURE,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Aristides
Vérel, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Aristides Vérel, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
:-
My Invention of " Improvements in the Preparation of Bones for Manure"
has for its object the removal of the fine dust, and also the soft or porous
particles from the crushed bones as they leave the cutters of an ordinary bone
mill, thereby separating the portion of the bones which is capable of being
more readily decomposed from that portion which can scarcely be decomposed

page_text: without being either pulverized or dissolved. And I accomplish this object
by means of a riddle or sifter over which the bones are first passed for the
purpose of removing the fine dust, and a fan by which a blast is produced of
sufficient strength to be capable of removing the soft or porous particles, and
separating them from the solid or hard portions. The mode of combining the
riddle and fan with the ordinary bone mill may be varied or they may be used
as separate apparatus, so long as they are adapted for preparing the crushed
bones in the manner above stated.
In order, however, that my Invention may be fully understood, I will
describe the best mode with which I am acquainted for carrying it into effect.
The bones after being crushed in the usual way in the ordinary bone mill
are taken up by an elevator, and emptied upon a riddle or sieve to which is
imparted a to-and-fro or shaking motion, such as is ordinarily applied to riddles
or sieves for sifting purposes; this riddle or sifter removes the very fine dust
which, if conveyed to the blast, would be blown away and become very injurious
to the workmen employed. The remaining part of the bones after this fine
dust has been removed is emptied from the riddle or sifter over the blast or
fan, by the action of which the hard or flinty particles are separated from
the soft or porous ones, when each fall into separate hoppers adapted to
receive them, and fixed in the situations required for the purpose. Also a
considerable quantity of iron mixed with the bones, and which it is found
impracticable to pick out is separated by means of the same blast, and is
made to fall into a hopper prepared to receive it.
The hard or flinty portions of the bones above referred to are a fterwards
reduced to a powder by means of stones used in the manner described in the
Specification of a Patent granted to me, and bearing date the Twenty-third
November, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four. It is found of great
advantage thus to separate the iron from the bones before the hard portions
are ground as the presence of iron therein proves injurious to the grinding
stones.
I would remark that the mechanism above referred to may be varied as to
its construction and combinations, and I have not described it more par-
ticularly because in its general mode of construction it is well understood,
and my Invention does not relate to any particular mode of construction.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I do hereby declare that what I claim as of my
Invention is the combination of a riddle or sifter with a fan or blowing appa-
ratus for the purpose of separating those parts of the bones, which, owing to
their porosity, decompose easily from those solid and heavy particles, which,

page_text: owing to their hardness will resist decay for a long period, and also for
separating the iron contained in the bone3.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Aristides Vérel, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
DAN. PETERKIN,.
Macduff,
Clerk.
WILLIAM ARISTIDES VÉREL. (L.s.)