Improvements in Burners for Mineral Oil.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 9th Aug., 1892
Complete Specification Left, Oth May, 1903 Accepted, 24th June, 1803
Complet Divation or may
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Burners for Mineral Oil.
I JACQUES AIME VAGNER, of No. 42 Boulevard Magenta, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to improvements in the system of burner for mineral oil
for which I have applied for Letters Patent under the No. 21924 of 1891, in the
Specification left with which application I have mentioned that my system of
burner may be with flat wick or slightly curved wick but have not shown in the
drawing annexed thereto any apparatus provided with curved wicks.
This present Specification has reference particularly to this variety of burner,
which may be a single or a double wick burner having diaphragms bringing air
onto the flame by suitable passages or openings, in the manner described in my
preceding Specification, and the combustion taking place, as therein defined,
according to the manner in which the air passages are produced.
In the case of the duplex burner the wicks may at their ends be placed at a
certain distance from each other, as described in my Specification No. 21924 of
1891, or they may be in contact, in this latter case the construction of the inner
diaphragm must be slightly modified, inasmuch that these two ends being unable
to get a bearing on the top of the apparatus, recourse must be had to a special
method of construction consisting in supporting this diaphragm by means of a
system of columns sliding in supports provided for that purpose.
I have defined in the original Specification above referred to which are the
numerous advantages resulting from the replacing of circular wicks by flat wicks,
but these last themselves present the disadvantage inherent to their form of slightly
too much disseminating heat and of requiring for the obtainment of a desired
quantity of caloric the establishment of stoves of large dimensions.
By giving a slight curve to the wicks preservation is made of the advantages of
better combustion and of greater developement of heat possessed by stoves having
flat wicks while better concentrating the heat on one point.
In this same order of ideas it has occurred to me to curve the wick whether in
simple burner, or in duplex burner, bringing the two ends of the wicks in this latter
case in contact the one with the other.
Another modification of the burner with flat wick is to simply bend the ends of
the wick with the same object of concentration of heat on one and the same point.
It should be here observed that in this latter case, the curved part of the wick
must not be immoderately developed at the expense of the straight part that is to
say that a sufficient portion of straight wick must be left between the two bent
ends, as the benefit of the advantages of the flat wick would then be lost to
experience the defects of the circular wicks.
In operating thus a burner is obtained in the flat part of which the flame is
certainly more energetic and the extinction or prevention of combustion better
insured than in the curved part, but by not too greatly developing these last curved
or bent parts, the flame, although less strong is nevertheless very satisfactory at

page_text: these points, owing to the advantages of the burner of flat or elongated form over
circular burners which permits obtaining a very powerful draught in the chimney,
the shape of which is also elongated, the result being a better extinction or
prevention of combustion of the wick.
By reason of the modifications of construction resulting from the variations above
set forth, it becomes evident that there may be employed in the case of duplex
burners either two flat wicks, the ends of which are simply bent or curved, or a
siugle flat wick arranged in the manner of Prussian burners for lamps.
In every case, when burners arched or with rounded ends brought together are
in question, there will be no separation at the upper part at the point where they
rejoin the upper part of each terminal side of the wick tubes is simply filed to a
depth of 0.01m in order to totally remove the side to that extent and then the two
burners are soldered together end to end, so that there is obtained at the upper
surface a circuit without separation.
It is only at 0.01m. below the upper part of the burners that the wick tubes separate
as in Prussian burners.
There remains therefore on each side a core or space which may be stopped with a
metal plate or left open at will.
I may fit an arrangement of wick raiser in the ordinary manner adapted to be
applied upon the wick where it is still absolutely flat without having undergone
the slightest bending, which greatly facilitates the movement.
It is evident that if another method of construction is preferred the burners in
two parts which rejoin might be otherwise made.
They might be made with an independent inner tube and a wick-covering tube
independent of the inner tube, receiving in the space between them a wick in one
piece of a developement corresponding with that of the burner, which would be
actuated by a wick-holder or any other means.
Dond th NAL
1005
Agent.
I William Edward Gedge of No. 11 Wellington Street Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do solemnly and sincerely declare that the invention in respect
of which the above application is made is identical with the invention the subject
matter of the Belgian Patent of Improvement of the 29th of January 1892
referred to in the above application and an official copy of which is hereunto
annexed together with a translation of the description accompanying the same.
And I make this solemn declaration conscientiously believing the same to be
true and by virtue of the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Burners for Mineral Oil.
I JACQUES AIME VAGNER of No. 42 Boulevard, Magenta, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in the system of burner for mineral oil

page_text: for which I have obtained Letters Patent under the No. 21924 of 1891. In the
Specification of the said Letters Patent I have mentioned that my system of
burner may be with flat wick or slightly curved wick but have not shown on the
drawing annexed thereto any apparatus provided with curved wicks.
This present Specification has reference particularly to this variety of burner,
which may be a single or double wick burner having diaphragms bringing air on to
the flame by suitable passages or openings, in the manner described in my preceding
Specification and the combustion taking place as therein defined according to the
manner in which the air passages are produced.
In the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings:
:-
Figure 1 is a plan of a burner with slightly curved wick showing all the parts
necessary to enable its action to be understood.
Figure 2 is a plan of a duplex burner arranged under the same conditions.
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the same duplex burner.
Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 are plans of slight modifications of Figures 1 and 2.
The same letters of reference represent the same parts in the different figures.
X are the single or double wick and Y Y¹ the diaphragms leading the air on to
the flame as described in the above mentioned Patent by passages or openings y y'.
The combustion is effected as has been previously described in accordance with the
manner in which the air passages are produced.
In the case of the duplex burner the ends of the wick may be placed at a certain
distance from each other, as mentioned in the above named Patent or may be in
contact as in Figure 2. In the latter case the construction of the internal
diaphragm Y must be slightly modified due to the fact that these two ends having
no point of support on the top of the apparatus resource must be had to a particular
method of construction consisting in the support of this diaphragm by means of a
system of columns y" sliding on suitable supports y as shown on the drawing.
I have defined in the above mentioned Patent the numerous advantages arising
from the replacement of circular wicks by straight ones but the latter themselves
present the inconvenience inherent to their form of spreading the heat somewhat
too much and of requiring, for obtaining a certain quantity of heat, the provision of
stoves of large size. By giving the wicks a slightly curved shape the advantages
are retained of better combustion and a greater development of heat enjoyed by
the flat wick stoves, whilst still directing the heat in a better manner on a given
point. For this same object I have arranged the turning in of the ends of the wick
either in the single or in the duplex burner as is shown in Figure 4 by bringing the
two extremities in contact one with the other.
Figure 5 represents a modification of the flat wick burner X the extremities X'X'
of which are simply turned in with the same object of concentrating the heat on a
given point.
It is advisable here to call attention to the fact that in the latter case the curved
portion of the wick must not be too greatly developed at the expense of the straight
part as the benefit would then be lost of the advantages of the straight wick and
the inconveniences of the circular wicks would arise.
Figure 7 shows a view of the proportions which it is advisable not to exceed.
By proceeding in this manner a burner will be obtained in the flat parts of which
the flame is certainly more energetic and the combustion better assured than in the
curved parts but by not unduly developing these latter curved portions the flame
although being less strong at these points is nevertheless very satisfactory thereat,
due to the advantages of the flat or extended shape of burner which allows a strong
draught to be obtained in the chimney Z, the shape of which is also extended from
which results a better extinction of the wick.
By reason of the modifications of construction which I have just pointed out it
is evident that there may be used in the case of duplex burners either two flat
wicks the ends of which only are curved or a single flat wick arranged after the
manner of the Prussian burners for lamps. In any case when it is a question of
curved wicks or those with turned in ends coming together there is no separation

page_text: of the upper part at the point where they join. The upper parts, to 1 centimetre
of the height, of each terminal surface of the wick tubes are filed so as to entirely
remove the surface for 1 centimetre and the two burners are then soldered together
end to end so that at the upper surface an undivided circuit is obtained. It is at
1 centimetre below the upper part of the burner that the wick tubes separate as in
the Prussian burners. There then remains at each side an opening that may be
closed by a metal plate or left open as desired.
Figure 6 shows an arrangement of wick raiser constructed in the ordinary manner
and arranged to bear upon the wick only at the points where it is quite straight
and has not undergone any curving which greatly facilitates the raising.
It is evident that if another method of construction were preferred the burners
shown in Figures 4, 6 and 7 as two parts joined together could be otherwise made.
They could be constructed with an interior independent tube and a wick covering
tube independent of the internal tube and receiving in the space between a single
wick corresponding to the burner and which would be actuated by a wick raiser or
by any other method.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A burner for mineral oils in which the wick or wicks are slightly curved on their
entire lengths or are turned in at their ends so as to obtain with the same flame a
greater concentration of heat whilst retaining the advantages apertaining to flat
wick burners substantially as described.
2. A burner for mineral oils with a closed flame in which the wick or wicks are
straight or slightly curved at their entire lengths and are turned in at their ends
to form a closed curve to obtain with the same flame a greater concentration of
heat whilst retaining the advantages apertaining to flat wick burners substantially
as described.
3. A burner for mineral oils with a closed flame in which the wick or wicks are
straight or slightly curved at their entire lengths and are turned in at their ends to
form a closed curve to obtain with the same flame a greater concentration of heat
whilst retaining the advantages apertaining to flat wick burners and in which two
distinct wicks are employed the respective ends of which are in contact or in which
the burners are provided with a single wick the chimneys being provided in each
case with an extended shape which permits a greater draught to be obtained
substantially as described.
4. The improvements in burners for mineral oils substantially as described with
reference to the drawings.
Dated this 9th day of May 1893.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.