ma non WANT AND OPP TIME-PIRCES.
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Octave Vivier, of Sekforde Street, Clerkenwell,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
ma non WANT AND OPP TIME-PIRCES.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Octave Vivier at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th April 1869.
I, OCTAVE VIVIER, of Sekforde Street, Clerkenwell, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ESCAPEMENTS FOR WATCHES AND OTHER TIME-PIECES," to be
as follows:-
The Invention relates to that description of escapement known as
the "duplex."
Instead of employing a large number of teeth and pins in the "scape
wheel" (fifteen) as heretofore I form "such scape wheel" with five or
a less number of teeth (three by preference) and with a similar number
of pins to give the impulse to the finger on the axis of the balance
wheel, such finger being considerably larger in proportion to the "scape
wheel" than has heretofore been the case. This arrangement requires
an intermediate wheel in connection with the "scape wheel." By these

page_text: means I obtain an escapement which is less liable to wear, and thereby
become defective, whilst even should considerable wear take place it
would be impossible for the pins on the scape wheel to miss giving
the proper impulse to the balance wheel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Octave Vivier in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, OCTAVE
VIVIER, of Sekforde Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of April, in the of
year
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Octave Vivier, Her special licence that
I, the said Octave Vivier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Octave Vivier, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ESCAPEMENTS FOR WATCHES AND
OTHER TIME-PIECES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Octave Vivier, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Octave Vivier, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The Invention relates to that description of escapement known as
the "duplex."

page_text: In such
scape wheer
WILL Ive or
a less number of teeth (three by preference) and with a similar number
of pins to give the impulse to the finger on the axis of the balance
wheel, such finger being considerably larger in proportion to the "scape
wheel" than has heretofore been the case. This arrangement requires
an intermediate wheel in connection with the "scape wheel."
And in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying
Drawings, more fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a plan of an ordinary duplex escapement; and Figure 2 is
a plan of my improved escapement; similar letters of reference being
employed to indicate like parts in both Figures.
a is the scape wheel; 6 are the locking teeth or teeth of repose; and c
are the teeth of impulse; d is the impulse pallet with a finger piece e
projecting therefrom; f is a ruby roller with a notch f¹ formed therein,
such roller f being mounted on the arbor or axis of the balance wheel.
In Figure 1 it will be seen that there are fifteen teeth of impulse and
fifteen locking teeth or teeth of repose on the scape wheel, but according
to my Invention I employ only three of each of such teeth, as shewn at
Figure 2, or if desired four or five of each of such teeth may be
employed, but this will be found less advantageous than when employing
only three. An intermediate toothed wheel g is employed to take into
and give motion to a toothed pinion h fixed on the axis of the scape
wheel to compensate for the number of vibrations required per hour, as
will be readily understood.
The superiority of my Invention will be readily seen on comparison of
the diagrams.
According to my Invention the arc described by the impulse teeth c,
and that described by the finger piece e in its passage between the
impulse teeth c, shews so great a depth that any amount of wear could
not prevent the impulse teeth c from catching the finger piece e, and the
length of the locking teeth or teeth of repose allows, if desired, a much
larger ruby roller to be employed with less friction than in the old duplex
escapement. This, although not shewn in the Drawings, is of great
advantage, as with a large ruby roller my escapement can be made so as

page_text: not to "set." A drop of two degrees of the finger piece e past the
impulse teeth or pins c in my escapement is sufficient to make the action
thereof perfectly secure, whilst in the old duplex escapement a drop of
10 degrees is required for this purpose, by which means the distance
through which the impulse is given to the finger piece e is greater in my
improved escapement than heretofore, thereby giving a larger supple-
mentary vibration to the balance wheel, by which means greater security
is afforded for good time keeping.
The construction of my escapement is simpler, and it is more easy to
pitch than others, and obviates to a great extent the necessity for repairs,
as a large amount of wear may take place in the various parts of the
escapement without the possibility of the finger piece e being missed by
the impulse teeth c. By these means I obtain all the advantages of the
duplex escapement without its liability to wear or derangement.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that I
do not confine myself to the precise details herein shewn and described;
but what I do claim is, the employment of a scape wheel formed with
three, four, or five impulse teeth or pins, and with three, four, or five
locking teeth or teeth of repose, thereby enabling a longer finger piece
and a larger ruby roller than heretofore to be employed with my
improved escapement, in manner substantially as herein shewn and
described, whereby the duplex escapement is rendered more perfect in
its action.
In witness whereof, I, the said Octave Vivier, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
Witness,
B. J. B. MILLS,
Patent Agent,
35, Southampton Buildings,
London.
O. VIVIER. (L.S.)