Improved Apparatus for Cooling Purposes, and for Diffusing Heat.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 8th May, 1897
Improved Apparatus for Cooling Purposes, and for Diffusing Heat.
I MICHAEL HOLROYD SMITH of Albany Buildings, 47 Victoria Street
Westminster in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:
The primary object of this invention is to cool the water circulating through the
water jacket of oil, gas or other engines.
The apparatus is equally applicable, as a radiator for diffusing heat.
It is customary for cooling purposes, in order to avoid the use of a large supply
tank, to cause the het water to circulate through a series of metal pipes, sometimes
arranged in coils, sometimes in parallel lines, and in order to increase the radiating
surface the pipes are occasionally made with a series of metal discs, commonly
known as "gills."
In any of these arrangements, to get an effective cooling surface, much space
is occupied.
In order that the water shall be diffused over a large area, and the apparatus
occupy little space, I, in accordance with this invention construct coolers in a
manner that may be conveniently described as a series of hollow gills, each gill
having a central dividing diaphragm. The hot water, steam or other vapour or
gases, entering by a pipe in the centre of the disc forming one side of the hollow
gill, is prevented from passing straight forward by the metal diaphragm, its only
passage being through a series of holes, near the periphery of the diaphragm within
the hollow gill. The water has therefore to spread outward on entering the gill,
and inward again before it can escape by the centre hole, in the disc forming the
opposite side of the hollow gill.
The hollow gills may be made of various sizes and any convenient number may
be strung together by suitable couplings. When strung together and held in a
suitable frame, no trouble arises from expansion or contraction, as the hollow gills
act as an accordion or bellows.
Though the gills could be cast they are preferably made of wrought metal which
can be spun or stamped.
1800
Improved Apparatus for Cooling Purposes, and for Diffusing Heat.
I MICHAEL HOLROYD SMITH of Albany Buildings, 47 Victoria Street in the
City of Westminster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus to be used primarily for the
purpose of cooling water, or other liquids, though the same or similar device can be
advantageously employed for diffusing heat.

page_text: the essential features of my invention.
In these drawings ;-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus a portion of which is in section.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation
Fig. 3 is a plan view of part of the framework.
Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7 show details, and
Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation showing a modified construction.
It is customary for cooling purposes to cause the hot water or other liquid to
circulate through a series of metal pipes variously arranged, and the pipes are
occasionally made with a series of metal discs on the outside (commonly known as
"gills") in order to increase the radiating surface.
In any of these arrangements, to get an effective cooling surface, much space
is occupied.
In order that the water shall be diffused over a large area, and the apparatus
оссиру little space,
I construct the cooler in a manner that may be conveniently
described as a series of hollow gills A A Fig. 1, coupled or strung together, each
having a central or dividing diaphragm B, B. The gills are preferably made of two
spun, or stamped metal dishes, A A, Figs. 4 and 5, having a central hole C and
metal plate or diaphragm B, Figs. 6, and 7; having a series of holes D D near the
outer edges. The small holes E Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are for rivetting the dishes
and diaphragm together, and the small holes F F Fig. 4 for attaching the
unions G, G, Fig. 1.
In addition to rivetting, all these junctions can be soldered or braized, or one dish
could be stamped larger than the other aud "beaded" over.
It will be seen that when the unions, dishes, and diaphragms, are joined together
they make a hollow gill, and that water entering by the union or pipe on one side
is prevented from passing straight through by the metal diaphragm B, and must
spread over the inner surface of the dish A, its only passage being through the
holes D, then spreading over the inner surface of the dish A forming the other
side of the hollow gill, passes out of central union or pipe.
A quantity of these hollow gills can be coupled together by the unions as shewn
in Fig. 1, and held in a suitable frame H Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
The frame is preferably held rigid, either by shouldered bolts or bolts passed
through spacing pipes K thus relieving the gills from structural strain, the dishes
acting like drum-heads and permitting expansion and contraction.
The unions permit of the gills being easily removed for cleansing and repairs.
Where greater simplicity and lightness of construction is desirable, then, instead
of employing the unions G, I construct the dishes as shewn in Fig. 8, M, where
they are stamped or spun with connecting portions N which are forced one into the
other as shewn at O, and rivetted, expanded, or soldered as circumstances may
require.
In building up; two dishes say P and Q are first joined together, and the
diaphragm B and dish M are afterwards added.
Though I prefer the dishes to be round as shewn, they can be made of various
shapes, plain or corrugated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
"
1. In apparatus for cooling. purposes or for diffusing heat, the employment
of hollow gills, formed by a combination of dishes having central holes, with a
dividing diaphragm having holes near the outer portion of the chamber formed
by the hollow dishes substantially as herein illustrated and described.
2. The combination of dishes, dividing diaphragms and coupling pipes

page_text: or unions substantially as and for the purpose herein illustrated and
described.
3. The combination of dishes and diaphragms substantially as illustrated in
Fig. 8 and for the purpose described.
4. The combination of hollow gills with dividing diaphragms held in supporting
frames substantially as herein illustrated and described and for the purpose
set forth.
$1100
M. HOLROYD SMITH.