AN IMPROVED STEAM GENERATOR
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Guillermo Reinlein y Sequera and José de Canterac y
Dominguer, of Madrid (Spain), for the Invention of " AN IMPROVED STEAM
GENERATOR"
Sealed the 13th June 1878, and dated the 11th April 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Guillermo Reinlein y Sequera
and José de Canterac y Dominguer at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 11th April 1878.
GUILLERMO REINLEIN Y SEQUERA and JOSÉ DE CANTERAC Y DOMINGUER, of Madrid
(Spain). "AN IMPROVED STEAM GENERATOR."
The object of our improved steam generator is to effect a considerable economy in
fuel, and at the same time to avoid the three chief defects common to nearly all
steam generators, viz.,
1. Ready burning of the metal walls or sides as soon as the combustion of the
furnace is at all forced.
2. Drawing of water with the steam which issues from the boiler.
And, 3. Difficult removal of the sediment and incrustation which are produced as
the water evaporates.
Our improved steam generator is of vertical form and cylindrical. Its lower part
consists of a cone of cast iron or steel, terminated at the lower part by a flange, to
which is rivetted a sheet-iron cylinder, which forms the principal casing or body of
the generator. Vertical ribs are arranged externally on the cone for the whole height
of the same.
The upper part of the boiler is formed of a cast-iron cover, rivetted to the top of
the sheet-iron cylinder. In the said cover there is, in addition to a man-hole
situated in the centre, a lateral tube, in which are the holes for the outlet of the
steam.
The boiler properly so called is placed upon a furnace, which is in the form of a
cast-iron cylinder, having six (more or less) vertical ribs upon which the boiler rests.
The interior of the said furnace is provided with fire-bricks, in order that all its

page_text: sides or walls may be preserved from the heat of the fire-place which occupies the
centre.
The fuel is supplied by the door of the furnace, and the grate can be cleared by a
small opening situated below the door. The ashes fall into an ash-pit completely
closed, which should be constructed under the grate, and should be provided with
a door to enable the ashes and other residues to be extracted from time to time.
A cylindrical casing outside the cylindrical body of the boiler rests upon the ribs
of the furnace, and serves as a channel for the flame and smoke. The height of this
casing is that of the level of the water in the boiler. The products of combustion
are conveyed to this casing by passages formed of fire-brick, and from there to the
chimney through cast-iron tubes and the smoke box.
In order to increase the draught of the chimney a jet of steam is discharged
therein at pleasure by means of a cock, and issues by a tube. The interior of this
tube is of special form; the upper portion is in the form of an inverted cone, and
has the effect of giving a greater expansion to the steam before mixing with the
gaseous products which enter the chimney. By this means the steam attains a great
speed and increase of volume, and its work is utilized to the utinost, at the same
time that the amount of steam used is comparatively small.
The furnace rests upon three vertical ribs of the foundation plate. A cylindrical
wooden casing surrounds the furnace and the smoke channel; this casing extends
from the foundation plate nearly to the base of the chimney. It is between this
casing and the furnace that the air entering at the top and descending passes under-
neath the furnace, and supports the combustion in the fire-place. As this air in its
descent comes in contact with the furnace, the smoke channel, the tubes leading to
the smoke box, and the smoke box itself, it is considerably heated when it reaches
the fire-place, and thus causes a more active combustion.
The external wooden casing is lined with a layer of felt, which ensures the
complete utilization of the heat.
In the interior of the boiler above the cone which forms the bottom is a central
pipe in the form of a truncated cone for receiving the sediments produced by
the evaporation of the water, and around this central pipe are arranged six
other pipes of the same form, which cause, a continuous circulation of the water
in the boiler. Two advantages of great importance are thus gained, viz., the imme-
diate separation of the steam from the metallic sides of the boiler without adhering
thereto, and the deposit of the sediments, which are the cause of incrustation in the
central pipe, from which they are removed by a pipe leading to the outside of the
boiler.
In order to assist the steam as it reaches the surface of the liquid in freeing itself
from sedimentary matters and from the water which it draws with it on account
of its electric condition, we place above the six outer pipes a series of vertical plates
arranged on radial lines. On coming into contact with these plates, the steam losing
its electricity before reaching the surface of the liquid, frees itself from the sedi-
mentary matters and water, so that the water falls to the bottom of the boiler
through the said six pipes, and causes a continuous movement, whilst the sediment
becomes deposited in the central pipe owing to the centrifugal force produced by
the movement of the water.
The characteristic features of our improved steam generator, as herein-before
described, are as follows:-
1. Complete separation is established from the first of the radiated heat generated
in the fire-place from that which escapes with the products of combustion.
2. By the arrangement described the evaporating surface is considerably larger
than the heating surface. By the former we mean the surface in contact with the
water of the boiler, and by the latter that which receives the heat of the furnace.
The relation between the two surfaces is from 3 to 1 in the cone.
3. At all the points where the flame touches the boiler it follows a direction parallel
to its sides or surfaces, which are covered with fire-bricks at every part where the
flame can reach them in a more or less inclined direction.

page_text: 4. The conical form of the six pipes which are arranged round the central pipe
for receiving the sediments, and which form ensures a continuous circulation of tho
water in the boiler.
5. The special arrangement of the said couical pipes in combination with the
sediment receiver or central pipe and the small plates or sheets above.
6. The employment of cast-iron or steel for the part of the boiler exposed to the
fire and where there is compression, and the employment of sheet iron for that part
of the boiler where there is expansion.
7. The inverted conical form of the end of the steam jet tube for increasing the
draught of the chimney.
And, 8. The special manner of heating the air, which enters at the top and then
descends, reaching the fire-place underneath the grate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Guillermo Reinlein y Sequera and José de Canterac y Dominguer in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th June 1878.
GUILLERMO REINLEIN Y SEQUERA and JOSÉ DE CANTERAC Y DOMINGUER, of
Madrid (Spain). AN IMPROVED STEAM GENERATOR."
"
The object of our improved steam generator is to effect a considerable economy
in fuel, and at the same time to avoid the three chief defects common to nearly all
steam generators, viz.,—
1. Ready burning of the metal walls or sides as soon as the combustion of the
furnace is at all forced.
2. Drawing of water with the steam which issues from the boiler.
And, 3. Difficult removal of the sediment and incrustation which are produced as
the water evaporates.
The Invention will be readily understood by the aid of the annexed Drawing,
Figure 1 of which is a vertical section of our improved steam generator with
furnace, smoke or fire tubes, air tubes, and chimney; and Figure 2, a horizontal
section of the cone 6 through the line H, Y.
The generator is of vertical form and cylindrical. Its lower part consists of a
cone 6 of cast iron or steel, terminated at the lower part by a flange, to which is
rivetted the sheet-iron cylinder a, which forms the principal casing or body of the
generator. Vertical ribs (the shape and form of which are seen in Figures 1 and 2)
are arranged externally on the cone b for the whole height of the same.
The upper part of the boiler is formed of a cast-iron cover c rivetted to the top
of the sheet-iron cylinder a. In the said cover there is, in addition to a man-hole
situated in the centre, a lateral tube in which are holes for the outlet of the steam
and the safety valve.

page_text: The boiler properly so called is placed upon a furnace, which is in the form of a
cast-iron cylinder, having six (more or less) vertical ribs, upon which the boiler
rests. The interior of the said furnace is provided with fire-bricks, in order that all
its sides or walls may be preserved from the heat of the fire-place which occupies
the centre.
Figure 1, and particularly Figure 3, which is a horizontal section of the furnace
through the line A, B, clearly shew the arrangement.
The fuel is supplied by the door & of the furnace, and the grate can be cleared by
the small opening g, Figure 1, situated below the door d. The ashes fall into an
ash-pit completely closed, which should be constructed under the grate, and should 1
be provided with a door to enable the ashes and other residues to be extracted from
time to time.
A cylindrical casing & rests upon the ribs of the furnace e, and serves as a channel
for the flame and smoke. The height of this casing is that of the level of the water
in the boiler. The products of combustion are conveyed to this casing by the 1
passages n formed of fire-brick, and from there to the chimney p through the cast-
iron tubes m and the smoke box o.
In order to increase the draught of the chimney a jet of steam is discharged
therein at pleasure by means of the cock 7, and issues by the tube 7. The special
form of the interior of this tube is clearly seen in Figure 5; the upper portion is
in the form of an inverted cone 8, and has the effect of giving a greater expansion
to the steam before mixing with the gaseous products which enter the chimney.
By this means the steam attains a great speed and increase of volume, and its work
is utilized to the utmost, at the same time that the amount of steam used is com-
paratively small.
A cylin-
The furnace e rests upon three vertical ribs of the foundation plate v.
drical wooden casing & surrounds the furnace e and the smoke channel ; this casing
extends from the foundation plate v nearly to the base of the chimney. It is between
this casing and the furnace that the air entering at the top and descending in the
direction of the arrows passes underneath the furnace e, and supports the combus-
tion in the fire-place. As this air in its descent comes in contact with the furnace c,
the cast-iron casing 1, the tubes m, and the smoke box o, it is considerably heated
when it reaches the fire-place, and thus causes a more active combustion.
The external wooden casing is lined with a layer of felt, which ensures the
complete utilisation of the heat.
In the interior of the boiler above the cone b, which forms the bottom, is a pipo
a¹ in the form of a truncated cone for receiving the sediments produced by the
evaporation of the water, and around this central pipe a¹ are arranged six pipes b¹ of
the same form, which cause a continuous circulation of the water in the boiler. Two
advantages of great importance are thus gained, viz., the immediate separation of
the steam from the metallic sides of the boiler without adhering thereto, and the
deposit of the sediments, which are the cause of incrustation in the pipe a', from
which they are removed by the pipe c¹ leading to the outside of the boiler.
In order to assist the steam as it reaches the surface of the liquid in freeing itself
from sedimentary matters and from the water which it draws with it on acccount
of its electric condition, we place above the pipes b¹ a series of vertical plates
arranged on radial lines. On coming into contact with these plates, the steain losing
its electricity before reaching the surface of the liquid frees itself from the sedimen
tary matters and water, so that the water falls to the bottom of the boiler through
the pipes b', and causes a continuous movement, whilst the sediment becomes
deposited in the pipe a' owing to the centrifugal force produced by the movement
of the water.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section of the boiler through the line C, D, of Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section of the sheet-iron cylinder a, in which is seen tho
position of the small plates d', pipes b¹, and pipe a'.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section of Figure 1, leaving out the boiler a, smoke box o,
and chimney ?).

page_text: The characteristic features of our improved steam generator, as herein-before
described, are as follows:-
1. Complete separation is established from the first of the radiated heat generated
in the fire-place from that which escapes with the products of combustion.
2. By the arrangement described the evaporating surface is considerably larger
than the heating surface. By the former we mean the surface in contact with the
water of the boiler, and by the latter that which receives the heat of the furnace.
The relation between the two surfaces is from 3 to 1 in the cone b.
3. At all the points where the flame touches the boiler it follows a direction
parallel to its sides or surface, which are covered with fire-bricks at every part
where the flame can reach them in a more or less inclined direction.
4. The conical form of the pipes 6', which ensures a continuous circulation of the
water in the boiler.
5. The special arrangement of the pipes b' in combination with the sediment
receiver a¹ and the small plates or sheets d'.
6. The employment of cast iron or steel for the part of the boiler exposed to the
fire and where there is compression, and the employment of sheet iron for that part
of the boiler where there is expansion.
7. The inverted conical form of the end of the tube q for increasing the draught
of the chimney.
And, 8. The special arrangement of heating the air, which enters at the top, and
then descends, reaching the fire-place underneath the grate.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim, constructing steam generators,
substantially as herein-before-described and represented in the annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Guillermo Reinlein y Sequera and José de
Canterac y Dominguor, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eleventh
day of June, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
GUILLERMO REINLEIN Y SEQUERA. (L.S.)
JOSÉ DE CANTERAC.
(L.S.)
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD,
Civil Engineer,
à Paris,
No. 23, Bd. de Strasbourg.