IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC, MAGNETO-ELECTRIC OR ELECTRO-DYNAMIC MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Matthews, of Hyde, in the County of Chester,
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC, MAGNETO-ELECTRIC
OR ELECTRO-DYNAMIC MACHINES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Matthews at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1882.
ROBERT MATTHEWS of Hyde in the County of Chester "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DYNAMO-ELECTRIC, MAGNETO-ELECTRIC, OR ELECTRO-DYNAMIC MACHINES
"
The invention has for its object the construction of disc armatures or electro
magnets for the above machines in such a manner that the lines of force from.the
field magnets are always enveloped by the coils on the armature and not one half
merely as is usual in some machines.
The armature is by preference constructed of sheet copper discs placed side by
side in a plane at right angles to the axis of rotation and cut or stamped as in
Fig. 1. in the annexed drawing or in some cases cast of suitable section so as to
form a number of single or multiple coils connected together so that the current
circulates in opposite directions in the contiguous coils.
When the multiple coil is used the inner end is attached to the upper end of the
next similar disc so as to have no projections in the way of the magnets.
The discs for single coils are cut stamped or cast to form zig-zag spaces alternately
inside and outside as in Fig. 4a and into the outside spaces which are not Enveloped
by any coils I arrange another such disc as in Figs 4.6 or 5b, the inner parts
being bent or pressed out of the plane of coil to clear the next coil when they pass
each other or in some cases the material is made wider and thinner at that part so
that the exterior surfaces are level.
Another part of the invention consists in making the armature similar to the
Gramme ring but with the wire strips bars or discs made to describe an irregular
coarse pitch thread as in Fig 2.a the sides being radial the number of internal
enclosures being equal to the number of like polar magnetic fields, round a core of
..

page_text: either magnetic or dia-magnetic material. This arrangement allows of a number
of radial magnets being used as in other disc armatures thus allowing a greater
number of fields being used and getting the poles much nearer and getting the
advantage of continuous currents for some cases.
The whole core would be wound as in Fig 2.b until covered and coupled up to
suit the requirements
For continuous currents with the first mentioned disc armature the discs are
placed in advance of each other as shown in Figs 6a and 6b so that the pairs of
coils or discs are not at their maximum induction at the same time.
The discs are coupled up in series or any way to suit the requisite electro-motive 1
force.
In some cases when the electro-motive force is small especially for large machines
the armature is made as in Figs 3a and 36 in which case the sections may be cast
separately and coupled up to suit the tension of current required.
+
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Robert Matthews in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd June 1883.
ROBERT MATTHEWS of Hyde in the County of Chester IMPROVEMENTS IN
DYNAMO-ELECTRIC, MAGNETO-ELECTRIC, AND ELECTRO-DYNAMIC MACHINES
The invention has for its object the construction of disc armature or electro-
magnets for the above machines in such a manner that the lines of force or
magnetic rays from the field magnets are always enveloped by the armature or
armatures and not one half merely as is usual in some instances.
Such being the nature and object of my said invention I will now proceed to
describe the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried
into practical effect and in order that the same may be clearly understood I have
annexed hereunto a sheet of drawings illustrative thereof and have marked the
same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof.
The armature for small alternating current machines is by preference constructed
of two sheet copper or other suitable metal discs placed in the same plane at right
angles to the axis of rotation and cut stamped cast or bent to form twice as many
zig-zag spaces A., A¹ A, A¹ as there are similar polar fields as shown in Fig. 1. on
the annexed drawing where B, B' are the radial parts flexibly connected at the
outer ends by the circumferential parts C, C' and at the inner ends by the parts
D, D' either bent as shown in Figs 1. and 1°. or by the thinned parts D, D' as
shown in Figs 14. and le. The lengths of the inner circumferential parts D D' are
made so that the outer space A. is somewhat larger than the outside size of the
part coil B, C, B Fig. 1. so that when one disc is placed in the external space A¹, A¹
the part coils B', C₁, B' are in the same plane as the part coils B. C. B. and the
inner parts D and D¹ are not in the same plane as in Figs 1 and 1°. In the single
1.

page_text: discs for large machines I preferably construct the part coils B. C. BD of square
or rectangular copper or other suitable metal as shown in Figs 3 and 4. where the
inner parts D D'. are bent into positions shown in Figs 3a 4a which also shows
the connections o, o from the discs to the commutating discs P P on which work
the brushes for directing or connecting the generated current.
In some cases it may be preferable to cast or secure the two part coils A A'.
together as in Fig 5. the middle or radial bar Q being made double the area of the.
two radial arms Q1, Q¹ and coupled up to suit the required electro motive force.
When the multiple disc or part-coils are used for large electro motive force, the
inner end E Fig. 1. is connected to the terminal F. of the upper inner part D¹.
the remaining end G being coupled to the end H of the next pair of discs as
shown in Fig. 1. so as to have no projections in the way of the magnets. Another
part of the invention consists in making the armature with the radial bars, strips,
wires, or discs, not in the same but in parallel planes as in Fig. 2. the radial bars
being flexibly and diagonally coupled together by the circumferential parts D and
D' as shown in Fig: 2. thus describing an irregular coarse pitch thread round a
magnetic or dia-magnetic core I, the number of internal enclosures A. in one con-
volution being equal to the number of like polar magnetic fields thus allowing a
number of radial magnets being used as in other disc armatures and getting the
poles much nearer. The whole core would be wound as in Fig. 2b. until sufficiently
covered for continuous currents. The ends J, J, J, J, would be coupled and com-
mutated by known arrangements according to the desired requirements. For very
large electro motive force machines additional convolutions of wire bars etcetera,
might be carried many times round on the top of the last convolution. For very
large machines the radial bars B B¹ and diagonal parts D D' might be made either
all separate and fastened together or partly made in one and the remainder bolted
or fastened together. Fig. 2° shows the form of one of the discs before being
coiled, the circumferential parts being necessarily of larger diameter than the
finished coil. In some cases for alternating currents, I wind the coils (see Fig 2º)
in such a manner round the core that the radial parts of two contiguous coils shall
be opposite to each other (one on each side of the core) the circumferential parts
being necessarily alternating and lying in a diagonal direction. For continuous
current machines with the first mentioned armatures when the number of part coils
is equal to the number of alternating fields or equal to twice the number of the
same polar fields, the discs are placed in advance of each other as in Fig. 6 so that
the pairs of part coils or single discs are not at their maximum induction at the
same time. The ends of each disc are coupled and the current commutated by any
known method according to the electro motive force required. For continuous
currents with single disc armatures I arrange the number of spaces less or greater
by any even number than twice the number of like polar fields as in Fig. 7. where
for example the like polar fields represented by the dotted circles are 9 in number
and the spaces and part coils are 16. The inner parts of the coils D' D' are
coupled up and connected to a commutator k which is made up of 144 bars, each of
the terminals L' being coupled to 9 equally placed bars of the commutator two
such connections being shown by the rings M M¹, which have 9 branches k leading
to the bars on the commutator so that when all the connections are made there will
be 9 times 16 or 144 bars, the radial bars k of the outer ring M, being made so as
to clear the inner ring M In other cases for instance when the armature used in
conjunction with the field magnets described in the Specification of my former
Patent dated July 14. 1882 No. 3334. only part of the discs may be coupled together
for generating the main current, and the remainder coupled together and the
current commutated into an intermittent or continuous current for exciting the
field magnets.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practica!
effect I wish it to be understood that I claim as my invention.
First The construction of disc armatures having the first and third radial parts

page_text: made or joined as above described and for the purposes hereinbefore mentioned
with reference to Figs 1. 3. 4 6 and 7.
Secondly. The construction of disc armatures having the inner portions for
coupling the part coils bent or thinned to clear the adjoining part coils as shown
and described with reference to Figs 1° 1° 14 and 1° and to Figs 3* and 4*
Thirdly. The construction of disc-armatures for continuous currents by part coils
or discs forming an irregular pitch thread round a magnetic or dia-magnetic core
as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs 2. 2ª and 2b.
Fourthly. The construction of disc armatures for alternating currents forming
irregular pitch threads round a magnetic or dia-magnetic core as herein-before
described with reference to Fig 2°.
Fifthly. In armatures for alternating currents, casting forming or securing the
two part coils together as described with reference to Fig. 5.
Sixthly. In armatures for continuous current machines the placing of the discs
in advance of each other as shown at Fig 6 so that the pairs of part coils or single
discs are not at their maximum induction at the same time, and
Seventhly. The method of coupling the part coil or part coils of the before
mentioned armatures for continuous currents as described with reference to
Fig: 7.
In witness whereof I the said Robert Matthews have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twentyfirst day of June in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
ROBERT MATTHEWS. (L.S.)