IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MODE OF AFFIXING STREET AND OTHER GAS LAMPS OR LANTERNS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Williamson, of Hanover Street, Cork, in the
County of the Town of Cork, Tin Plate Worker and Japanner, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MODE OF AFFIXING
STREET AND OTHER GAS LAMPS OR LANTERNS."
Sealed the 2nd August 1858, and dated the 5th February 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Williamson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th February 1858.
I, SAMUEL WILLIAMSON, of Hanover Street, Cork, in the County of the
Town of Cork, Tin Plate Worker and Japanner, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND
MODE OF AFFIXING STREET AND OTHER GAS LAMPS OR LANTERNS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to the principle of construction of street and other
public or outdoor lamps, whereby they are rendered portable, to the peculiar
form and arrangement of the parts of such lamps, and also to the mode and
means of fastening the lamp to the pillar of the lamp-post, all of which
improvements are adapted to lamps in which the glass is fixed with
putty, but which are more developed in lamps being glazed without the use
of putty.

page_text: ings. It is secured on the canopy by one cramp fixed on the upper bar, and
by three moveable or fixed cramps on the under bar or broad rim, which are
doubled over on the glass, and it is secured on the body by three moveable
cramps passing through slots cut in the upper rim, which are doubled over on
the glass, and two:fixed cramps, which are soldered to the outside of the lower
rim. The glass is placed and fastened to the door inside by two grooves at
opposite sides, and one groove at the bottom, and by three moveable cramps
run through slots in the upper bar. The glass is fastened in the bottom of the
lamp by four moveable tie cramps passed through slots at the end of each cross
bar, and passing through the bottom rim,, which cramps are also pressed down
on the corners of each piece of glass.
The chief objects attainable by glazing gas lamps without putty are, that as
panes become broken they can be renewed without removing the lamps from
their respective brackets or lamp-posts, and at the same time such moveable
cramps, as may be necessary can be renewed, thus effecting an immense saving
of time and money in the constant glazing and repairing of gas lamps. The
glass, not being pressed on any of its edges by either grooves or cramps, is not
liable to burst by sudden expansion in frosty weather, occasioned by the beat
of the gas as the glass fastened by putty frequently does.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Williamson in the Great Seal Patent Office on 'the
4th August '1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
WILLIAMSON, of Hanover.Street, Cork, in the County of the Town of Cork,.
Tin Plate Worker and Japanner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent,,bearing date the Fifth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself,. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said. Samuel Williamson, Her special licence that I, the said Samuel
Williamson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others, as I,
the said Samuel Williamson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time .and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully,might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND MODE OF AFFIXING STREET AND OTHER GAS LAMPS
OR LANTERNS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel
Williamson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Williamson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say): -
My Invention relates to the principle of construction of street and other
public or outdoor lamps whereby they are rendered portable, to the peculiar
form and arrangement of the parts of such lamps, and also to the mode and
means of fastening the lamp to the pillar of the lamp-post, which improve-
ments are adapted to lamps in which the glass is fixed in the usual way with
putty, but are more fully developed in lamps glazed without the use of
putty.
FIRST, WITH REFERENCE TO PORTABILITY.
The lamp, whether square, hexagonal, or octagonal, is made portable, and
capable of transport, in three detached parts, viz., the head, the canopy, and
the under frame or body, by which means a great number of gas lamps when
packed may be compressed into a small space, and yet firmly and-substantially
put together, each in a few minutes.
SECONDLY, TO THE MODE OF PUTTING THE LAMPS OR PARTS TOGETHER.
The head is fastened to the canopy by four or such other number of prongs
as the shape may require, which are passed into corresponding slots in the
angles of the top of the canopy, in which also a large hole is cut for ventilation;
the prongs being bent towards each other, constitute firm fastening cramps.
The canopy is fastened to the under frame or body by four iron pins, or more,
as the case may require, which are passed into strong tin sockets firmly
soldered on in suitable relation to each other on the canopy and body, the pins
being of a wedge form, and approaching in opposite directions wedge each
other; and hold both parts firmly together.

page_text: .
stituted of one piece only, the bead being formed by a pair of rollers for that
purpose, and worked in a beading machine, thus differing from the ordinary
bars in street gas lamps, which are made of two pieces. The door of the lamp,
with its frame, bead, and rabbet, which holds the glass, is formed and made of
four pieces, whereas the doors of ordinary gas lamps are made of twelve pieces,
which are liable to be torn asunder by the glazier's knife when renewing
the glass.
NEW MODE OF ATTACHING THE
This is effected by tinned iron bolts
LAMPS TO POSTS OR PILLARS.
and nuts, the nuts being soldered into
each angle of the bottom, and the bolt having a metal or lead ball cast on or
soldered to the head; the bottom of the lamp is placed on the head or top plate
of the posts, and the bolts passed through the head and screwed into the nuts,
giving perfect security to the lamp, while the balls and nuts being tinned, are
preserved from rust, which enables the lamp to be readily disengaged from the
post when necessary.
In case the lamps are to be glazed without the use of putty, I solder two
grooves opposite to each other to the outside of each standard and angle bar of
the canopy and body into which the glass is placed with additional fastenings.
It is secured on the canopy by one cramp fixed on the upper bar, and by
three movable or fixed cramps on the under bar or broad rim, which are
doubled over on the glass, and it is secured on the body by three (more or
less) movable cramps passing through- slots cut in the upper rim, which
are doubled over on the glass, and two (more or less) fixed cramps, which
are soldered to the outside of the lower rim.
The glass is placed and fastened to the door inside by two grooves at
opposite sides, and one groove at the bottom, and by three moveable cramps
run through slots in the upper bar.
:
The glass is fastened in the bottom of the lamp by four moveable T tie
cramps passed through slots cut at the end of each cross bar, and passing
through the bottom rim also are pressed down on the corner of each picce
of glass.
The chief objects attainable by glazing gas lamps without putty are, that as
panes of glass become broken, they can be renewed without removing the
lamps from their respective brackets or lamp-posts, and at the same time such
*movable cramps as may be necessary can be renewed, thus effecting an

page_text: gas lamps.
The glass not being pressed on any of its edges by either grooves or cramps
is not liable to burst by sudden expansion in frosty weather, occasioned by the
heat of the gas, as the glass fastened by putty frequently does.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents an elevation of a lamp according to my Invention
suitable for an ordinary street lamp fixed to its post; Fig. 2, a like view of a
lamp suitable for a railway station or other railway purposes; and Figure 3, a
like view of an outside lamp suitable for an hotel or other public building.
The several parts of these lamps are similarly formed, but combined and
arranged to afford the shapes required, which may be various. Figure 4 is a
detached view of the top or head of the lamp; Figure 5, a detached view of
the canopy; Figure 6, a detached view of the body; and. Figure 7, a plan of
the canopy on an enlarged scale; and Figure 8, a plan of the bottom of the
lamp. A is a cross section of the standard and canopy bars a and b for lamps
to be glazed with putty in the ordinary manner, while B represents a cross
.section of like bars for lamps to be glazed without putty; D is an external
view of the canopy 'bar detached; E, an internal view of the same, while F
represents an interior view of the body standards; c, c, are grooves soldered to
the standards of the body and canopy to receive the edges of the glass; these
grooves extend to the length of the glass sheets. The glass is slid endways into
these, grooves when the lamp is complete, and secured at top and bottom by
cramps g. 9, separately represented at G. These cramps are simply bits of
tin plate introduced through slots in the upper and lower bars of the separate
parts of the lamp, as seen in the several Figures; the part 1 of the cramp is
folded down close against the horizontal bar, while the part 2 is folded so as
to lap on the edge of the glass, and so secure it. These cramps may be clasped
and unclasped from time to time, if it is necessary to renew the glass; in this
way the bending and unbending. of the metal will cause it to break in time,
when a new cramp may be readily introduced. In lamps glazed without
putty all lodging of the rain water is prevented which runs clear off. In the
bottom of the lamp glazed without putty as seen in Figure 8, the glass is in
four pieces, 1, 2, 3, 4, as scen, the corners being cut off to admit air; each
piece is fastened down by cramps shewn separately at H, H; H, being a
perspective, and H¹ a side view; the ends e, e¹, are close together when it is
inserted through a slot from below, and the ends e, e¹, bent down on the glass

page_text: •
as seen in Figure 8, the one end e pressing on one of the pieces of glass, and.
the other e¹ on another piece.
Figure 9 shews the inside of the lamp door glased without putty; in this I
apply the grooves for the glass on the inside, on the sides, and at bottom; while
it is held at top by cramps G.
.
Figures 1 and 6 show the attachment of the lamp to its post. The post is
furnished with a square plate f, on which the ends of the body-standards F
rest, while K are screw bolts with round knobs shown separately, which are
inserted from under plate f, and screw into nuts L (see Figure 8) soldered in
the angles or corners of the lamp. The body, Fig. 6, of the lamp is secured
to the canopy, Fig. 5, by sockets 1, 1, soldered to these two parts which are so
disposed that when placed together they assume the appearance of the knuckles
of a hinge; I then insert the pins M, M, shewn separately on an enlarged
scale. By pushing these pins home against each other, the inclined parts
wedge themselves in the sockets 1, 1, and securely fix the canopy to the body
of the lamp. The top, Figure 4, is fixed on the canopy by four angle uprights
m, m, the lower ends of which enter slots o, o, in the canopy, which ends aro
bent as seen in Figure 4, and secure the two parts firmly together. By so
constructing and connecting the several principal parts of the lamps they are
readily connected and disconnected, and when separated may be easily and
safely packed in a small space for transport.
Figure 10 represents a side view of a pair of rolls for rolling and forming
the standard and canopy bars A and B, by passing the metal between such
rolls.
Having described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be secured by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, constructing street and other outside lamps in three principal parts,
and connecting such parts as described, in order to render these lamps
portable.
Secondly, I claim forming the standards or corner bars of the body and
canopy of one piece, in the form represented at A, for street and other outside
gas lamps to be glazed with putty.
Thirdly, the form of the standard or corner bars of the canopy and body of
street and other outside gas lamps of three pieces, in the form represented at B.
Fourthly, securing the glass of street and other outside lamps glazed with-
out putty by means of grooves c, c, and cramps G, as described; I also claim
securing the bottom glass in such lamps by cramps H, H.

page_text: Fifthly, the peculiar mode of fastening the lamp or lantern to the column or
lamp-post by tinned iron bolts and nuts, the nuts being soldered inside in the
angles of the bottom, while the bolts are passed through the plate of the lamp-
post and screwed into the lamp.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Williamson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
angles of the bottom, while the bolts are passed through the plate of the lamp-
post and screwed into the lamp.
In witness whereof, 1, the said Samuel Williamson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
SAMUEL WILLIAMSON. (L.S.)
Witness,
WILLIAM CLARK,
Patent Agent,
53, Chancery Lane, London.