CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Leon Pierre Barré, of Paris, in the Empire of
France, and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Gentleman, for the
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS."
Sealed the 31st July 1860, and dated the 3rd February 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Leon Pierre Barré at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd February 1860.
I, LEON PIERRE BARRE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
The first part of my Invention has for its object the preventing the escape
of water and steam in tubular boilers. To carry out this part of my Invention
I remove the rings or ferrules at the mouth of the boiler tubes by which they
are secured to the boiler plate, and spread a coating of mastic material made
of sulphate of lead round the joints, taking care to spread it a little beyond the
ends of the tubes. Upon this coating of mastic material I apply a brass plate
of the same diameter as the boiler plate employed, and provided with as many
short pieces of tubes projecting from it as there are tubes in the boiler. These
short pieces of tubes are inserted in the mouths of the boiler tubes, and are
surrounded with a coating of sulphate of lead. When the tubes are in their
places, I apply to the mouths of each of the short pieces of tubes a washer

page_text: which presses on the tubes; I afterwards fit a cast or sheet-iron plate over the
brass plate, of the same dimensions as the latter, and having a similar number
of holes formed in it corresponding to the number of boiler tubes employed.
This latter plate has screw bolts for securing it to the boiler plate or sides of
the boiler which joins the three plates together, thus preventing the action of
the fire upon the brass plate.
The second part of my Invention relates to a mode of removing and replacing
the tubes of steam generators, either separately or together, when repairs are
required, or when it is necessary to clear them from incrustations. For this
purpose I employ an ordinary cylindrical iron mandrel, occupying the whole
length of the tube and having a shoulder formed upon it, up to which shoulder
it is of the same size as the boiler tube, so as to pass freely into the apertures
of the plates supporting the tubes.
By striking the extremity of the mandrel with a wooden mallet, the tube
will be made to slide out with facility endways, which will cause the incrusta-
tions surrounding the tubes to fall out without the tube receiving any injury.
The mandrel must be made in several parts and jointed together.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Léon Pierre Barré in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 2nd August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LÉON
PIERRE BARRÉ, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and of 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Léon Pierre Barré, Her special licence that I, the said Léon Pierre Barré,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Leon Pierre Barré, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Léon
Pierre Barré, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under

page_text: my, or their, or one of their bands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same.
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Léon Pierre Barré, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement thereof, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention has for object, firstly, the preventing the escape of water and
steam through the joints formed by the connection of fire tubes with the end
plates of steam boilers; secondly, in rendering more easy and less expensive
the repairing and cleansing of fire tubes of steam boilers than hitherto.
In order that my Invention may be better understood, I will now refer to the
Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, in which Figure 1 represents a longitu-
dinal section of fire tubes; Figure 2, a plan of the under side of a flanged
ferrule or small tube; Figure 3, a front view; and Figure 4, a side view of the
same; Figure 5 is a plan of boiler plate formed with projecting tubes;
Figure 6 is a plan of outer boiler plate; Figure 7 is a mandrel for cleaning
said fire tubes; Figure 8 shews the mode of employing the mandrel. The
same letters refer to corresponding parts in the Drawing.
To effect the first object of my Invention, I remove the ferrules or rings
which are at the mouth of each fire tube A', Figure 1. I then apply thereon
'cement, prepared as herein-after described, so as to exceed a little the level of
the fire tubes, which extend about 13th of an inch beyond the plates which
support them. On this cement I place a second plate B, formed of brass,
Figure 5, of the same diameter as the first boiler plate A, and provided with a
number of small tubes C', corresponding with that of the boiler tubes. These
small tubes are placed in the mouths of the fire tubes, and are brazed on or
cast with the plate B; they are covered with a little cement, which is thus
placed between the fire tubes and the small tubes. When they are fixed one
in the other, I then adapt a ring or washer to the mouth of each of the small
tubes C, which presses them together. I afterwards apply a third plate com
posed of cast or sheet iron D, Figure 6, perforated with holes of the same
diameter as that of the preceding plate, and corresponding to each of the fire
tubes; this plate is furnished with four or more screw bolts G, which screw
into the first plate A, by which means the brass plate is. prevented from
burning.

page_text: A modification of the above arrangement consists in the employment of a.
cement placed between the flanges of the ferrules Cand the plate; this cement.
is pressed against the plate, and adheres strongly thereto. The ferrules are.
kept in their places by a second sheet iron plate, which presses them against
the first, and are then bolted together by bolts G; this second plate is perforated
with holes opposite to and at the same height as each tube, to allow the gases
of combustion to escape freely. To this sheet iron plate (which is about th.
of an inch in thickness) a third plate of cast iron or refractary earth about 1
inches in thickness is united by bolts or other means. The flanges of the fer-
rules vary in thickness from 3rd to an inch, and are concave for containing
the cement (colored red, Figure 2), at the part which is applied to the plate A,
Figure 1.
Before placing the tubes in the openings of the plates, I form a screw thread.
D', Figure 1, round the exterior of each of the extremities, and also in the
orifices of the plates. I also give the extremities of the of the tubes a conical
form, and surround those parts externally with hemp fibres impregnated
with a cement composed of sulphate of lead, rye flour, oil, and whites of eggs..
I place the tubes in the plate holes, and thus form a steam or water-tight
joint.
In another arrangement I place the plate D, Figure 6, over the ferrules C,
and bolt it to the boiler plate A.
The plates may be strengthened by means of stays, in the ordinary manner,
if required. I can, if the case requires it, employ only one plate, and suppress
the two auxiliary plates.
To carry out the second part of my Invention, I employ a cylindrical
mandrel F, Figure 7, formed of several parts, which are connected together
by a screw thread, or by any other suitable means.
"
This mandrel, which is of the same length as the tubes, to which it should
be applied, is passed through the fire tube, and is stopped by a shoulder E; at
this part it is formed so as to enable it to pass through the holes in the plates.
This extremity of the mandrel is then struck. The tube slides easily out of
the plate, as shewn at Figure 8, while at every stroke of the mallet the incrus-
tation is detached from the sides of the tube, which is not injured by this
means in any way.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, what I claim as my Invention, and intend to be protected.
by the herein in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First, the mode of fitting or fixing fire tubes of steam boilers by means
of one or several plates and small fixed tubes and ferrules with cement, for

page_text: preventing the escape of steam or water, as herein-before described and repre-
sented in the Figures 1 to 6 of the annexed Drawing.
Secondly, the construction of a mandrel for cleansing tubular boilers, as
herein-before described and represented in Figures 7 and 8 of the annexed
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Léon Pierre Barré, have hereto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.