Improvements in Pipe Joints.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Pipe Joints.
I, ROBERT EWING, of 68, Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of London,
England, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in the jointing of stoneware, or other
pipes; the object being to quickly & easily secure air & watertight joints, & the
cheapening of the cost of production of stoneware pipes with said improved joints.
My invention relates particularly to improvements on the class of joints with
a ring or band at the bottom, & extending a part of the depth of the socket, & a
corresponding ring or band on the spigot end, so that when the spigot end is
placed in the socket the faces of the rings or bands impinge against each other,
or nearly so in which latter case plastic material is placed between them:
plastic Portland cement being packed in the usual way in the remaining or outer
space of the socket. In said class of joints provision is sometimes made for
running cement grout into the joints by means of a similar ring or band at the
mouth of the socket, so placed as to come into contact with, or be adjacent to,
a similar band on the external side of the plain end of pipe; the cement grout
being run into the joint by one or more holes in the upper part of socket.
Hitherto it has been found in practice that owing to the thinness of the body
of the Portland cement in such joints, they have not always been watertight, &
in consequence expense has been incurred.
My invention consists in having a stoneware annular shoulder in the bottom
of the socket of the pipe, upon which shoulder the composition or other ring or
band above referred to is moulded, after the pipe is manufactured & fired, to
afford a wider space or chamber than hitherto for the Portland cement, packed or
grouted into the joint.
In order to diminish the difficulties & expense of making & firing sockets with
said stoneware annular shoulder, I avoid any increase in the normal thickness
of the material of the socket by making the necessary rebate on the external
shoulder or elbow of the socket.
The face of the ring or band, above described, on the spigot end, may be re-
bated in such a manner as to show a small shoulder upon which plastic com-
position may be put before the spigot is driven into the socket; & the face of the
ring or band may be correspondingly rebated to show a recess or cavity for re-
ception of said small shoulder dressed with the plastic material. When my im-
proved joint is made by running in liquid cement. the face of the composition
ring or band at the mouth of the socket. is made plain, but the adjacent or
impinging band on the external side of plain end of pipe has a small annular
shoulder outside the socket & abutting or nearly so against the end face of the
contiguous or outer band of socket.
This outer composition band of the socket may be dispensed with or replaced
by a stoneware annular rim. The band or ring on the external side of plain end

page_text: of pipe at the mouth of the socket may be of stoneware or any other suitable
material.
Dated this Twante sixth day of M 1800
I, ROBERT EWING, of 68, Victoria Street, Westminster, in the County of London,
England, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the joints of stoneware and other
pipes, the object being to secure quickly and easily air and watertight joints,
and the cheapening of the cost of production of stoneware pipes with said improved
joints.
My invention relates particularly to improvements on that class of joint with
ring or band at the bottom, and extending a part of the depth, of the socket ;
and with a corresponding ring or band on the spigot-end; so that when the
spigot-end is placed in the socket the faces of the rings or bands impinge against
each other, or are adjacent to each other; in which latter case plastic composition
is placed between them. The joints are completed by plastic Portland cement
being packed in the usual way in the remaining or outer space of the socket.
In said class of joints provision is sometimes made for running Portland cement
grout into the joints by means of similar rings or bands at the mouth of the
socket, so placed as to come into contact with, or be adjacent to a similar band
on the external side of plain end of pipe; the cement grouting being run into
the joint by one or more holes in the upper part of socket.
"
In order that my invention may be the better understood reference is to be had
to the drawings accompanying this specification. Fig. I is a longitudinal section
of my improved joint as applied to what are commonly known as the "Stanford
form of joint, in which the rings or bands of spigot and socket impinge against
each other, without plastic material between them. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal
section of my improved joint with the rings or bands of spigot and socket adjacent
to each other, rebated, and with plastic material between them. Fig. 3 is a longi-
tudinal section of my improved joint with rings or bands on spigot-end and
mouth of socket, adjacent to each other for the purpose of keeping in the cement
grouting poured into the joint. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of spigot in
Fig. 3 showing plastic material applied to bands.
Hitherto it has been found in practice that owing to the thinness of the body
of the Portland cement in such joints they have not always been air and water
tight, and expense has been incurred in consequence.
My invention consists in having an annular integral stoneware shoulder A
Figs. 1, 2 & 3, in the bottom of the socket, upon which shoulder the composition
ring or band B Figs. 1, 2 & 3 above referred to is moulded after the pipe is
manufactured and fired, to afford a wider space or chamber C Figs. 1, 2 & 3,
than has hitherto been the case for Portland cement packet or grouted into the
joint.
In order to diminish the difficulty and expense of making and firing sockets
with said annular shoulders I avoid any increase in the normal thickness of the
material of the socket by making the necessary rebate D Figs. 1, 2 & 3 on the
external shoulder of or elbow of the socket.

page_text: The faces E Figs. 2, 3 & 4 of the rings or bands may be rebated in such a
manner as to show a small shoulder on spigot-end band. for the reception and
holding of plastic material before spigot-end is inserted in the socket; the face
of the socket band being correspondingly rebated to show a recess or cavity for
the reception of said small spigot-end shoulder, dressed with plastic material
as already described.
When it is intended to joint the pipes by running in liquid cement a plain face
or unrebated ring or band F, Fig. 3, may be placed round the mouth of the
socket, and an adjacent band G Fig. 3 to abut or nearly so against the end-wall
of socket, is moulded on the spigot-end of pipe; plastic material H, Fig. 4 being
placed between these bands to prevent the cement grouting from flowing out of
joint The cement grouting is poured into the joint by means of one or more
holes, I Fig. 3, in the socket.
The outer band, F Fig. 3, of the socket, may be dispensed with, or replaced
by an integral annular stoneware rim.
The band or ring, G Fig. 3 on the spigot-end, intended to be adjacent to the
band or rim at the mouth of socket, may be of stoneware and integral with the
body of the pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In a pipe joint the bands having rebated faces moulded on the extreme
external end of spigot and on the inner end of socket, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth in the accompanying specification and drawings.
2. In a pipe joint the combination of bands having rebated faces E or plain
sloping, or convex faces. moulded on the extreme external end of spigot and
inner end of socket, with the annular integral shoulder A in the socket, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth in the accompanying specification and
drawings.
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of March 1900.