Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 26th Aug., 1887
Complete Accepted, 27th Sept., 1887
I, WILLIAM WALKER KAY of Witton Lane Aston near Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Engineer to G. Kynoch and Company Limited, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the following improvements in lamps or lamp burners for
the burning of hydro carbon and other oils, and also for the burning of gaseous
mixtures, such as ordinary coal gas; by which improvements, more complete com-
bustion is thereby attained, and the illuminating power of a flame greatly increased,
with a minimum of consumption of oil or gas.
I will first describe my invention in connection with a paraffin or hydro-carbon
lamp, provided with circular burners like that of the kind known as the "Martin."
I take an ordinary burner body, and down the axis or middle part thereof, I arrange
two concentric and slightly taper tubes one within the other, and with the parts of
larger diameter near the base of the burner body, the division between the said tubes
being equal, or about equal to the thickness of a wick, and wherein the wick or wicks
are disposed.
The lower end of the inside tube, is provided with a stopper, while air gains access
to the inside of the inner tube through side channels leading from the piercings in the
body part.
Disposed within the inside of the concentric inner tube aforesaid, a wire gauze or
reticulated metal tube or passage is made to freely slide; and it is through and around
this tube, (which is open at both top and bottom) that air for combustion is supplied
to the burner.
This tube has also at its extreme top, an annular standing out flange, ring or
collar, of a diameter a little larger than the outside burner tube; so that the
underside edge of this flange or ring comes in juxta position to the tops of the wicks,
extending through the open top of the burner aforesaid; and within or running down
the axis of the said wire gauze or reticulated pipe or tube, a fixed stem or rod is
disposed, having at its top, a disc or deflector of a size equal to, or about equal to, the
diameter of the flange on the top of the perforated tube, and removed therefrom about
three sixteenths of an inch, thus leaving a space between the top of the flanged open
TEQ21

page_text: end of the tube, and the underside of the disc, thus compelling the air conducted up
the tube to be deflected in a horizontal plane, to a little above the burning wick, and
to the inside of the flame.
The bottom of the perforated tube and axial rod are fixed together by a thin metal
plate, disposed vertically or edgwise, and having at its lower end a gapped or cut out
part, which rests upon the inner end of a lever pivoted to and working through the
burner body, and which said lever turns in a vertical plane, and has upon its outer
end a thumb piece by means of which it is operated, and the reticulated tube raised
and lowered either for bringing the parts in position for burning or for
extinguishing.
;
When the lamp is in use, air for combustion is supplied both from the outside and
from the inside of the flame. Thus on the wick being lighted, the flame passes
around the underside of the flange at the summit of the perforated tube, and in con-
sequence of the aforesaid tube being smaller than the inner burner tube, a space is
left, and through this space, and the reticulations or piercings in the tube, air is
supplied to the top of the wick under the overhanging flange, while air is also supplied
to the inside of the flame, through the open ended tube, and on the said air passing
therethrough, it is deflected or spread outwardly above the wick, and above the flange
at the top of the perforated tube.
On the lamp requiring to be extinguished, it is only necessary to lower the lever,
when the annular flange before named is brought down upon the top of the wick,
which thereby extinguishes the lamp.
To raise the parts into position for lighting, simply press the lever in the reverse
direction, when the perforated tube, flange and deflector are raised to the required
height, with a portion of the reticulated tube of the first named, being disposed above
and at the back of the wick.
The application of my invention to gas lamps, differs in no essential respect from
its application to a paraffin oil burner, hereinbefore described.
Dated this Twenty fourth day of November 1886.

page_text: Improvements in yuro-varon a erampo.
I, WILLIAM WALKER KAY of Witton Lane Aston near Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Engineer to G. Kynoch and Company Limited, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :―
My invention consists of the following improvements in lamps or lamp burners, for
the burning of hydro-carbon and other oils, and also for the burning of gaseous
mixtures, such as ordinary coal gas; by which improvements, more complete
combustion is thereby attained, and the illuminating power of a flame greatly increased,
with a minimum of consumption of oil or gas.
I will first describe my invention in connection with a paraffin or hydro-carbon
lamp, provided with circular burners, like that of the kind known as the "Martin."
I take an ordinary burner body, and down the axis or middle part thereof, I arrange
two concentric and slightly taper tubes, one within the other, and with the parts of
larger diameter, near the base of the burner body; the division between the said
tubes being equal, or about equal to the thickness of a wick, and wherein the wick or
wicks are disposed.
The lower end of the inside tube, may be provided with a stopper, while air gains
access to the inside of the inner tube, through side channels, leading from the piercings
in the body part.
Disposed within the inside of the concentric inner tube aforesaid, a wire gauze or
reticulated metal tube or passage is made to freely slide; and it is through, and
around this tube, (which is open at both top and bottom) that air for combustion is
supplied to the burner.
This tube has also at its extreme top, an annular standing out flange, ring or collar,
of a diameter a little larger than the outside burner tube; so that the underside edge
of this flange or ring, comes in juxta-position to the tops of the wicks, extending
through the open top of the burner aforesaid; and within, or running down the axis
of the said wire gauze or reticulated pipe or tube, a fixed stem or rod is disposed,
having at its top, a disc or deflector, of a size equal to, or about equal to, the diameter
of the flange, on the top of the perforated tube, and removed therefrom, about three ⚫
sixteenths of an inch, thus leaving a space between the top of the flanged open end of
the tube, and the underside of the disc, thus compelling the air conducted up the tube,
to be deflected in a horizontal plane, to a little above the burning wick, and to the inside
of the flame.
The bottom of the perforated tube and axial rod, are fixed together, by a thin
metal plate, disposed vertically or edgewise, and having at its lower end, a gapped or
cut out part, which rests upon the inner end of a lever, pivoted to, and working
through, the burner body; and which said lever turns in a vertical plane, and has
upon its outer end, a thumb-piece, by means of which, it is operated, and the reticulated
tube raised and lowered; either for bringing the parts in position for burning, or for
extinguishing.
When the lamp is in use, air for combustion, is supplied both from the outside, and
from the inside of the flame. Thus, on the wick being lighted, the flame passes
around the underside of the flange, at the summit of the perforated tube; and in

page_text: consequence of the aforesaid tube being smaller than the inner burner tube, a space is
left, and through this space, and the reticulations or piercings in the tube, air is
supplied to the top of the wick, under the overhanging flange, while air is also
supplied to the inside of the flame, through the open ended tube; and on the said air
passing therethrough, it is deflected or spread outwardly above the wick, and above
the flange at the top of the perforated tube.
On the lamp requiring to be extinguished, it is only necessary to lower the lever,
when the annular flange before named, is brought down upon the top of the wick,
which thereby extinguishes the lamp.
To raise the parts into position for lighting, simply press the lever in the reverse
direction, when the perforated tube, flange and deflector, are raised to the required
height, with a portion of the reticulated tube of the first named, being disposed above,
and at the back of the wick.
The application of my invention to gas lamps, differs in no essential respect from
its application to a paraffin oil burner, herein-before described.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, a paraffin or hydro-carbon lamp burner (or
part of a lamp) provided with improvements made according to my invention; and
which said burner is in a position which it assumes, when lighted. Figure 2
represents a top side plan of figure 1, and figure 3 shows a complete vertical section
of the said lamp, taken upon the dotted lines A B figure 2. Figure 4 is a portion of
the upper part of the said section figure 3, but showing the deflectors in their lowered
positions, or otherwise the extinguishing position of the parts, as aforesaid. Figure 5
represents an elevation of the perforated or gauze cylinder, with the double deflector
arrangement carried by it. Figure 6 is an underside view of the said figure 5, while
figure 7 is a top side view of the upper deflector, and figure 8 a top side view of the
lower deflector, and showing the central rod in section; this screw is taken upon the
dotted lines C. D. figure 5.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawing.
a is the body of the burner of the lamp, and b, c are taper and annular concentric
tubes, arranged centrally one within the other, so as to leave a divisional space between
them, wherein the wick e is disposed, and raised and lowered by winder mechanism f.
The upper extremities of the said taper and annular tubes, wherein the wick or
wicks are disposed, as best seen in the sections figures 3 and 4, form the burner part
to the lamp.
Disposed within the inside of the concentric inner tube c, as aforesaid, is a wire
gauze or reticulated metal tube, or inner air passage g, which admits of sliding freely,
within the interior of the said tube c; and it is through, and around this tube, (which
is open at top, and marked ',) that air, for supplying combustion to, the inside of the
flame, passes.
This gauze tube or pipe, carries at its upper end, a double deflector h, i, of which
the upper one h, is an unpierced disc, mounted upon the summit of a rod j, carried
from the bottom of the gauze or meshed tube g, while the lower one i is a ring secured
at right angles to the top of the gauze tube, and making with it an overhanging
flange or collar which is disposed in the same plane as the top deflector, and overhangs
the top of the wick or wicks, or burner part of the lamp, and which said piercing
about its middle, is marked ?.
The bottom or lower end of the perforated tube, is provided with a thin metal or
knife edge plate k, with a V gapped part at its lower side, which rests upon the
inwardly disposed end of a lever jointed about its middle at ; this lever moves in
a vertical plane, and has upon its outer end, a thumb-piece, by means of which, a
lever is operated, for the raising and lowering of the extinguisher; or in other words
for the bringing of the part into position for burning, or for extinguishing.
By employing a gauze or perforated tube, provided with a double deflector as
described, the light of the lamp is much intensified, by the air being deflected and fed

page_text: to the flame, at the peripheries of the upper and lower discs; that is, the air in
supplying combustion to the inside of the flame, passes through the exposed perforations
of the tube g, disposed between the top of the wicks, and the underside of the lower
deflector, which is open about its middle, and through which open middle, air also
passes and ascends to the space between its top face, and the underside of the top
disc; and which said underside deflects the air outwardly, and causes the flame to
spread out, and have imparted to it, increased brilliancy; and further, by employing
a double deflector, the flame never touches them, as the current of air, distends the
flame outwardly.
As the gauze or perforated tube falls, or moves with the double deflector discs, the
perforations at the upper part of the tube become closed, when the said combined
parts, are lowered for extinguishing; so that the closing of the perforations and the
bringing down of the lower deflector, which acts as the extinguisher, causes the
current of air to be entirely diverted up the centre tube, which tends to blow out
the light.
The gauze or perforated tube and double deflector, are kept in their lowered positions
by gravity, while they are retained in their elevated positions, by being balanced, or
by the stiffness of the working of the lever joint.
The double deflectors, and gauze or perforated tube, can be used in fixed positions,
without making the lower deflector act as an extinguisher. In this modification, the
deflectors may be made to stand, or be elevated above the top of the burner, by
providing the gauze or perforated tube, with a slight annular swell, or collar, so as to
form a shoulder, which rests upon the top of the inner burner tube, as represented
in figure 9.
The combined gauze tube, and deflectors, are separable from the burner, should they
require to be removed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is.
First. Providing round wick burners with double deflectors, or double discs h, i,
of which the latter is pierced about its middle, and is in connection with an air
passage or shaft, for the feeding of the flame with air, substantially as set forth.
Secondly.-Mounting double deflectors, (of which the lower one is pierced about its
middle) respectively upon the top, and above the top of a gauze or perforated tube,
whose perforations, or some of them, are exposed between the top of the burner
proper, and the underside of the lower middle-pierced deflector, whereby air for
promoting combustion to the flame, or the interior of the flame, is most advantageously
fed, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly. The combination with a circular burner, of the kind herein described, of
a combined double deflector h, i, ?, rod j, and gauze or perforated tube g, g³,
substantially as, and for the purpose as herein described and set forth.
Fourthly. Making the lower deflector disc, of a double deflector, of the kind
herein described, act as an extinguisher, when the combined gauze or perforated tube,
and deflectors are lowered; and which said parts are raised into position, and lowered
for extinguishing, by means as herein described and set forth.
Fifthly. The improvements in the construction of the burner part or parts of
lamps, as herein described and illustrated, in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the accompanying
drawing.
Dated this Twenty-80cond day of Anonst 1887