Year: 1889

page_text: We, PETER JOSEPH STOLLWERCK and HEINRICH STOLLWEROK, both of Cologne-on-
tho-Rhine, in the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire, Manufacturers do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of steam
roasting apparatus more particularly of the type described in the specifications of
former Letters Patent dated January 12th A.D. 1884 No. 1364 and December 11th
A.D. 1884 No. 16313 and designed for roasting cocoa-beans, coffee-beans and other
products.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the improved apparatus and
Figure 2 is a front view thereof, partly in vertical transverse section.
R designates the rotary roasting drum, and H the system of steam pipes arranged
in and partaking of the rotation of the said drum. The latter is surrounded by a
jacket or outer drum R, rigidly connected therewith and carrying the fixed toothed
rim C in gear with the star wheel D on the driving shaft E journalled in the
bearings a on a suitable foundation and provided with the pulley F to be revolved by
means of a bolt (not shown) from any convenient source of power. The shaft E has
mounted thereon the two discs or rollers B and B' of different diameters corresponding
to two similar discs B and B on the secondary shaft A (Figure 2) journalled in a
similar manner like the shaft E. The discs B and B work in an annular circum-
ferential guiding groove near the front end of the jacket-drum R', and the larger
discs B and B revolve in a similar groove near the opposite end of the said drum so
as to support and allow of revolving the latter in an inclined position.
The system of steam-pipes H consists of a number of closed and perfectly steam-
tight pipes which are journalled loosely in the heads of the drum R, but which
may also be fixed tightly therein, and in the latter case the rear head of the said
drum should be perforated to allow the vapours originating from the roasting

page_text: material to escape into the intermediate space between the drum R and its
jacket R', said space connecting with an exhaust-conduit I through which the said
vapours are drawn off to be passed through a vessel with water (not shown) and thus
to be freed of their contained ethereal component parts. In the present instance, the
pipes are inserted in the heads of the drum with sufficient play to turn therein and
to allow the said vapours to pass by, and are held in position in the drum by suitable
retaining means, such as slooves, rings, nuts or the 'like fixed upon tho onds of the
pipes and bearing against the outer surface of the drum's head.
designates a furnace of any suitable construction arranged in front of the
rotary drums and insulated from the lowered end of the inner drum by a head or
wall made of fire-brick or other refractory material partaking of the rotary motion
and protecting the contents of the drum R against any direct action of the fire gases
developed in the said furnace.
The system of closed steam pipes H pass through the insulating head 4º and project
with their outer ends H' into the furnace h'. The pipes I contain a certain quantity
of water or other suitable steam-generating liquid brought into the said pipes before
they are closed up steam-tight, the said water or liquid by reason of the inclined
position assumed by the rotary drum R and its contained pipe-system collecting in
the projecting lower ends H' of the pipes I so that the said ends II' constitute as it
were the multiple steam-generator proper arranged outside the rotating drum and
generating the steam intended to radiate its heat from the portions of the system H
surrounded by the body of the drum R, into the latter for affecting the required
roasting operation.
The steam-pipes H may be made straight as shown in the drawing, or they may be
U-shaped or of any other suitable and convenient form, and in the case of straight
pipes having a length of about 10 feet and an inner diameter of about one inch, it is
preferable to enclose therein a quantity of about one pound of water.
is a deflecting ring arranged in the furnace in the centre of the steam-
generating portion H' of the pipe system H and serving the purpose of diverting the
fire-ga-os sideways so as to compel them to come into intimate contact with the said
rotating pipe-portions H before entering the flue h.
Nis an opening for introducing or letting out the beans or other material said
opening being closed by any suitable cover or slide and connecting with a scoop-like
elevation N having lateral skow-surfaces and arranged near the lower end of the
inner part of the drum R, for the purpose of directing the roasted material collecting
near the lowermost portion of the drum, into the said opening N.
The operation of the apparatus in roasting the material contained in the drum R
does not differ in any material respects from that of the apparatus of the said former
patents hereinbefore referred to, and will be readily understood from the specifications
of said patents and the foregoing description. It will suffice to say that the shaft E
being revolved will rotato the drums 1 and R and bring the steam-generating pipe-
portions H' in intimate contact with the flamus in the furnace A' so that steam of high
pressure will be developed constantly and radiate its heat from the inner portions of
the steam-pipe system into the drum R and its contained beans, the main advantago
obtained by this novel arrangement of apparatus as compared with that of the said
former constructions, being that by having a great many stoam-generators II outside
the drum R all in direct or immediate connection with the steam-heat radiating innor
portions of the pipo system H the latter will be heated more uniformly throughout
their entire lengths and thus a product more regularly roastod be obtained in a
shorter time than heretofore.
The steam may be applied in a supor heated state, as heretofore according to the
nature of the material under treatment and as the temperature in the drum is
dependent on the steam pressure prevailing in the pipe-system E, it is desirable to
control such pressure. To this end one of the pipes H may be provided with a steam-
gauge M connecting with the said pipe by means of a trap or water-closing m, and
a pyrometer P may be applied to observe the temperature in the drum R whilst
another pyrometer P is arranged in the upper part of the furnace h' to allow of

page_text: observing and controlling the heat developed therein with a view of regulating the
pressure within the steam-pipes H and the depending temperature within the
rotating drum R. Suitable devices of any well-known construction may be applied
to the inner surface of the drum R to turn over and agitate the material while
ronsting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. In a steam-roasting apparatus for roasting cocoa, coffee or similar materials
the combination with the rotary roasting drum; of a furnace, an insulating refractory
wall between the latter and the said drum a system of steam pipes closed steam
tight over a steam generating liquid and arranged on an inclined plane, said system
of stoam-pipes partaking of the rotary motion of the roasting drum and radiating
the heat of their contained steam into the latter whilst their lowermost steam-gene-
rating portions project through the said insulating wall into the said furnace,
substantially as, and for the purposes, specified.
Second. In a steam roasting apparatus the combination with the rotary roasting
drun R, the furnace and the intermediate insulating wall h³, of the inclined closed
stoam-pipes H having steam generating portions H¹ containing a liquid and
arranged outside the said insulating wall, substantially as, and for the purposes
specified.
Third. In a steam roasting apparatus for roasting cocoa, coffee or similar
articles the combination of a rotary roasting drum, a furnace an insulating refractory
wall between the said drum and furnace a system of closed steam-pipes arranged in
the said drum and projecting on an inclined plane into the said furnace, a jacket
and an exhaust conduit, substantially as, and for the purposes, specified.
Fourth. In combination the roasting drum R, the circumferentially toothed
jacket 1, exhaust conduit H³ closed steam pipes H having steam generating por-
tions H and arranged on an inclined plane the furnace ', the refractory insulating
wall h between the drum R on one side and the furnace 4° and the said steam
generators on the opposite side, the actuating shaft E, pinion D, secondary shaft A,
and supporting discs B, substantially as, and for the purposes, specified. 4
Dated this 11th day of February 1889.