Improvements in Moulders' Studs and in Apparatus for Holding or Using the same in Casting Pipes and the like.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 10th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulders' Studs and in Apparatus for Holding or
Using the same in Casting Pipes and the like.
I, WILLIAM SMITH of 331 Gairbraid Street, Maryhill in the County of Dum-,
barton, Pattern Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object to dispense with the ordinary screwed stud used
to hold green sand cores in position in the casting of pipes and the like and to
substitute therefor an improved form of stud and apparatus in conjunction with it
whereby the liability of the core to rise or shift in the mould is obviated or lessened
greater regularity in the thickness of the pipe produced is secured and the use of
cross bars or dooks for binding down the core and which cause chilling hardening
or weakening of the pipe is avoided by ensuring that the pipe shall be practically as
solid throughout as if made in dry state. The improved stud or core binder is
formed with a diamond V or similarly shaped point which instead of entering into.
the core as usual and so constituting a projection requiring to be removed from the
interior of the pipe after casting rests against the core and is flush with the interior
surface of the pipe or is enclosed within the thickness of metal constituting it.
From the diamond or V shaped point of the stud a tapered or straight stem extends
into or bears against a nut enclosed within or passing out through a hole made in a
bar which is placed and secured in the moulding box the nut being made hollow
and having a screw tapped into it for the purpose of adjusting the stud to the
diameter of the core. The screw has a neck which is embraced by a plate secured
to the bar and above and below the neck the screw has collars and it is terminated,
at its outer end, in a thumb piece, a nut or other means of turning it so as to cause
the nut holding or bearing upon the improved stud to be projected ontwards or
drawn back as required to suit the diameter of core. By the use of the improved
stud the production of pipes which sweat or leak under pressure is obviated or
diminished the diamond or V-shaped point having a tendency to fuse into the motal
of the pipe in the act of casting.
Dated this Tenth day of December 1888.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62 Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Moulders' Studs, and in Apparatus for Holding, or
Using the same in Casting Pipes and the like.
I, WILLIAM SMITH of 331 Gairbraid Street, Maryhill in the County of Dumbarton
Pattern maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention has for its object to dispense with the ordinary malleable iron
screwed stud used to hold cores in position in the casting of pipes and the like and
to substitute therefor an improved form of cast iron stud and apparatus in conjunction
with it whereby the liability of the core to rise or shift in the mould is obviated or
lessened, greater regularity in the thickness of the pipe produced is secured, and the
use of cross bars or dooks for binding down the core and which cause chilling
hardening and weakening of the pipe is avoided, the pipe as made under the
Invention being practically as solid throughout as if cast in dry sand.

page_text: On the accompanying drawings figures 1, 3 and 5 are elevations and figures 2, 4
and 6 respective plans of different forms of the improved stud or core binder con-
structed in accordance with my Invention and which is formed with a conical or
similarly shaped point a. The said point instead of entering into the core as usual
and so constituting a projection requiring to be removed from the interior of the pipe
after casting rests against the core and is flush within the interior surface of the pipe
as indicated in the section figure 7 or is enclosed with the thickness of metal con-
stituting it. Above the conical point the stud has a collar or flange b which may be
circular, rectangular or of other desired shape in plan and from the said collar a
stem e extends upwards which stem is, terminated in a circular rectangular or other
shaped end d the said end in using the stud being inserted into a socket made in a
nut as seen at e figure 8 which is a vertical section partly in elevation of the bridge
or bar for carrying the stud, the said bridge or bar being cast in the moulding box
or placed and secured portably.
Figure 9 is a plan of the bridge or bar looking from the under side.
The nut e
is placed in a socket or sleeve made in a hollow g which is passed through a hole
formed at the centre of the bridge or bar h the holder being retained in position by
a nut scrowed on its lower end. The nut e has a screw formed on or secured to
it and tapped into the holder g so that by turning the nut the stud is adjusted to suit
the thickness of the pipe desired.
Figure 10 illustrates in vortical section and figure 11 in plan of the under side a
modification of the stud holder in which the nut e carrying the stud has the screw j
tapped into it the said screw being held in position in the holder by a cover plate k.
The screw may have a square outer end for the application of a key or it may have a
thumb piece or other means of turning it to adjust the projection of the stud from the
holder. By the use of the improved stud the production of pipes which sweat or leak
under pressure is obviated or diminished the collar or flange b which is preferably
made thin having a tendency to fuse into the metal of the pipe in the act of casting as
indicated by the dotted lines on figure 7.
Besides being used with the form of holder hereinbefore described the improved
stud may as indicated by figures 12 and 13 be used with ordinary screw stud holders
or saddles in which case the head d of the stud enters into the core as usual and
requires to be removed from the interior of the pipe after casting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A moulders' stud having a conical or equivalent point a a collar or flange b and
otherwise constructed substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
drawings annexed.
2. In casting pipes and the like the combination of a stud formed as set forth and
apparatus for holding the same constructed substantially as described with reference to
figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Ninth day of September 1889.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.