Improvements in Water Closets for Ship and other Use.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Closets for Ship and other Use.
I, JOHN CARTER, of 3, Exeter Villas, Whateley Road, Handsworth, in the county
of Stafford, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be is
follows:-
The object of this invention is for giving an improved water closet for ship and
other use by means of one or two valves, these valves to be opened or shut as required
by a sort of rack and pinion, the one end being attached to, or working on the valve
shaft, and the other end to the handle, or pull-up.
By this arrangement when the handle or pull-up is raised the top valve is opened,
and its contents discharged into the bottom apartment, and upon the handle, or pull-up
being pushed down into its lowest or former position, the top valve is again closed,
previous to the opening of the bottom valve.
Upon the bottom valve being opened the contents that were formerly in the top
apartment are passed into the drain.
By so doing it will be seen that all escape of any bad smells, is prevented, as when
the top valve is open, the bottom valve is shut, so that at all times the communication
with the drain, and the room, where the closet is situated, is entirely cut off.
My invention consists of a water tight case, divided into a top and bottom apart-
ment and joining the drain just below the said bottom apartment.
Each apartment to have a hole of a suitable diameter, at the lowest part to form a
communication with the drain.
I propose attaching round the ends of the aforesaid holes, a metal, or suitable
ring for the valves to bear against.
I place from side to side of said case below each apartment, a rod, or shaft, the
ends of which work in suitable bearings at each side of the said case, and protrude a
little beyond the outside of the said case.
I now attach to each of the rods or shafts, a hinged plate of brass, or similar
metal, to act as valve to cover the holes in the bottom of the said apartments. I
propose fixing on the upper surface of the said plates, India rubber, or suitable
substance, so as to make a water and air tight joint, when the valves are in contact
with the metal rings. 1 propose fixing on the projecting part of each rod, or shaft,
outside the case a pinion, of various shapes. Over these said pinions, I place a rack
of suitable shape, the one end to be fastened to the handle or pull-up, and I take if
required from the lower end of the said rack, a projecting piece to work in a guide
at the side of said case, so as to give a rigidity when being raised or lowered by
means of the said handle, or pull-up.
Sometimes I prefer the said rack and pinion to be inside the said case instead of
outside as hereinbefore described.
The said case may be made of suitable shape or shapes, and in pieces, bolted or
otherwise fixed together, so as to embody if required, more than one set of
apartments.
Dated this 5th day of December 1888.
HERRERT WHITEHOUSE,
HERRERT WHITEHOUSE,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Closets for Ship and other Use.
I, JOHN CARTER, of 3 Exeter Villas, Whateley Road, Handsworth in the county of
Stafford, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The object of this Invention is for giving an improved water closet by means of
one or two valves, these valves to be opened or shut as required by a sort of rack
and pinion, the one end being attached to or working on the valve shaft. and the
other end to the handle or pull-up.
By this arrangement when the handle or pull-up is raised the top valve is
opened and its contents discharged into the bottom apartment, and upon the handle
or pull-up being pushed down into its lowest or former position the top valve is
again closed provious to the opening of the bottom valve. Upon the bottom valve
being opened the contents that were formerly in the top apartment are passed
into the drain.
By so doing it will be seen that all escape of any bad smell is prevented as
when the top valve is open the bottom one is shut so that at all times the com-
munication with the drain and the room where the closet is situated is entirely
cut-off.
My invention consists of a water tight case divided into a top and bottom
apartment and joining the drain just below the said bottom apartment.
Each apartment to have a communication with the drain. I propose attaching
round the ends of the aforesaid holes a metal or suitable ring for the valves to
bear against.
I place from side to side of said case below each apartment a rod or shaft the
ends of which work in suitable bearings at each side of the said case and protrude a
little beyond the outside of the said case.
I now attach to each of the said rods or shafts, a hinged plate of brass or similar
metal to act as valves to cover the holes in the bottom of the said apartments. I
propose fixing upon the upper surface of said plates indiarubber or similar substance
so as to make a water and air tight joint when the valves are in contact with the
metal rings.
I propose fixing on the projecting parts of each rod or shaft outside the case, a
pinion of various shapes. Over these said pinions, I place a sort of rack, of suitable
shape the one end to be attached to the handle or pull-up, and I take if required
from the lower end of the said rack a projecting piece to work in a guide at the side
of said case so as to give a rigidity when being raised or lowered by means of
the said pull-up.
The said case may be made of suitable shape or shapes and in pieces bolted or
otherwise fixed together so as to embody more than one set of apartments.
In describing the accompanying drawings:-Fig. 1 is a side sectional elevation
of my improved closet for ship and other uses, ready for use, Fig. 2, shows a similar
view after being used, Fig. 3 shows a side view of the said closet with rack and
pinions, and, Figs. 4 and 5, are views of the said rack and pinions in their top and
bottom positions.
The same letters on the drawings refer to the saine parts on all the Figures.
According to this Invention I provide two basins a a preferably similar to the
shape shown on the drawings. These are fastened by means of studs, screws, or
cement to the case b so that when fixed the said basins a a, form a top and bottom
apartment. From the lowest part of basins a a, are holes c c, of a suitable diameter
and projecting a short distance below the underside of said basins a a, to allow of a
metal or other ring d d, to be attached in any convenient way thereto.
The said case b is carried below the bottom of the under apartment and is tapered
or otherwise, to join the discharge pipe to the sea or drain.

page_text: From side to side of the case b just below each basin a a, forming the two said
apartments I place a rod or shaft ef, working in suitable bearings fixed in the sides
of the said case b.
Attached to the said rods or shafts, e f, and working radially therefrom, are hinged
plates 9 g of suitable metal. Round the upper surface of plates, g 9, at a short
distance from the edge is a slightly tapered groove / h, to allow of a ring of india-
rubber ii, (or any suitable material) to be fixed therein.
These rings ii, are to project preferably a little above the hinged plates 9 g, so
as to form a water or air tight joint when in contact with the said rings d d, at
the bottom of the holes c c.
In describing the mode of working this Invention 1 will refer more particularly
to Fig. 1, on the accompanying drawings.
The said rods or shafts ef, are carried beyond the outside of the said case b, so
as to allow pinions e¹ f¹ to be placed thereon.
In refering to pinion e' placed on the rod or shaft e, I make the same in preference
the shape as shown on the drawings with teeth e' projecting from one side and
turning downward. On the rod or shaft f, I place another pinion f¹, similar in
shape to pinion e¹, but the teeth fa, are turned towards the back of the case b.
Over the said pinions e¹ 1 I place a sort of rack j with two oblong spaces,
divided at the centre by a cross strip. At the left hand inner side of said rack, j,
just above the cross strip ; are two or more teeth k, to allow of the teeth e³ on
pinion e, to gear therein." Just below the said cross strip, at the right hand
inner side of the rack j, are two or more teeth 1, to allow of the teeth f³, of pinion f¹
to gear therein. At the top of tho said rack I carry a projecting piece m, suitably
arranged to connect on to the handle or pull-up.
The said basins a a, and case b can be made in any suitable way in fine earthenware
strong fire clay, or iron. If made otherwise than in iron I do away with the afore-
said metal ring d by carrying the underside of the projecting pipe c to a taper for
the rubber or other rings ii, to bear thereon.
The rack j, and pinions e¹
can either be cast, cut, or stamped out of metal.
I do not bind myself to the exact shape of details as shown on the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare what I
claim is :-
1st. In a water closet for ships and other purposes, a top and bottom valve, working
from shafts, and in combination with a rack and pinions, for preventing the escape of
smells or gases arrising from the discharge pipe, substantially as herein described and
illustrated on the drawings.
2nd. In a water closet with top and bottom apartments, a rack and pinions, working
in combination with the said rods or shafts, and for the purpose of raising and
lowering the aforesaid valves substantially as herein described, and illustrated on the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of September 1889.