Improvements in the Manufacture of the Under Clearer Springs of Machinery Used in Preparing, Spinning, Doubling, and Twisting Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 6th July, 1889-Accepted, 24th Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Under Clearer Springs of
Machinery Used in Preparing, Spinning, Doubling, and Twisting
Fibrous Materials.
I CHARLES HENRY PUGH of Whitworth Works Rea Street South Birmingham in
the County of Warwick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The springs of the under clearers of machinery used in the manufacture of textile
fabrics are ordinarily made from sheet steel. In the ordinary manufacture of the said
springs a large amount of scrap or waste sheet steel is produced and the object of my
invention is to economise the manufacture of the said springs and to produce springs
in all respects equal and in some respects superior to those produced by the ordinary
method of manufacture.
In making one of the said springs according to my Invention I employ steel wire
preferably cylindrical. I take a piece of steel wire of a length suitable to form the
spring. I bend the wire at and near its middle into two zig-zags having the same
general figure as the fixed end of the ordinary spring by which it is fixed in position
the said zig-zags being turned parallel to the two arms or branches of the spring. I
flatten the wire at and near its two ends and also at and near its middle. I bend the
two parallel branches of the spring at and near their ends into the required shape.
There is thus produced a spring the parallel arms or branches of which are cylindrical
throughout the greater part of their length but are flattened and bent into the
required shapes at their ends the middle part being flattened and bent into the shape
required at the fixed end of the spring.
Or instead of making the spring of one piece of cylindrical wire I make the arms
or branches of the spring of two separate pieces of cylindrical wire flattened at both
ends the free or acting ends of the said branches being flattened and bent into the
ordinary shape the other ends of the arms being flattened and turned back and riveted
to a flat plate of steel constituting the fixing plate of the spring and having the
ordinary shape.
The springs of under clearers made according to my invention have all the desirable
properties of springs made from sheet steel and are free from the sharp or angular
edges so objectionable in appliances used in the manufacture of textile fabrics.
Dated this 17th day of October 1888.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Under Clearer Springs of
Machinery Used in Preparing, Spinning, Doubling, and Twisting
Fibrous Materials.
I CHARLES HENRY PUGH of Whitworth Works, Rea Street South, Birmingham in
the County of Warwick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The springs of the under clearers. of machinery used in preparing spinning doubling
and twisting fibrous materials are ordinarily made from sheet steel. In the ordinary
manufacture of the said springs a large amount of scrap or waste sheet steel is
produced and the object of my invention is to economise the manufacture of the said
springs and to produce springs in all respects equal and in some respects superior to
those produced by the ordinary method of manufacture.

page_text: In making one of the said springs according to my invention 1 employ steel wire
preferably cylindrical. I take a piece of steel wire of a length suitable to form the
spring. 1 bend the wire at and near its middle into two zig-zags having the same
general figure as the fixed end of the ordinary spring by which it is fixed in position,
the said zig-zags being turned parallel to the two arms or branches of the spring.
flatten the wire at and near its two ends and also at and near its middle. I bend the
two parallel branches of the spring at and near their ends into the required shape.
There is thus produced a spring the parallel arms or branches of which are cylindrical
throughout the greater part of their length but are flattened and bent into the
required shapes at their ends, the middle part being flattened and bent into the shape
required at the fixed end of the spring.
Or instead of making the spring of one piece of cylindrical wire I make the arms
or branches of the spring of two separate pieces of cylindrical wire flattened at both
ends the free or acting ends of the said branches being flattened and bent into the
ordinary shape, the other ends of the arms being flattened and turned back and
riveted to a flat plate of steel constituting the fixing plate of the spring and having the
ordinary shape.
The springs of underclearers made according to my invention have all the desirable
properties of springs made from sheet steel and are free from the sharp or angular
edges so objectionable in appliances used in the manufacture of textile fabrics.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the, accompanying Drawing the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
In making an underclearer spring according to my invention I take the length of
steel wire (preferably cylindrical) represented in Figure 1 and by a bending process I
give the said length of wire the form represented in Figure 2, that is, I bend the wire
at and near its middle so as to partially make zig-zags at b, b together with the nearly
parallel arms or branches a, a of the partly made clearer spring as represented in the
said Figure 2. By a further bending process I perfect the form of the two zig-zags bb
and bring the arms or branches a, a of the clearer spring parallel as represented in
Figure 3. I next flatten the wire forming the zig-zags bb and also portions of the
wire forming the arms or branches a a adjacent thereto as represented in plan and
side elevation in Figure 4.
I next bend back or double the flattened end of the clearer spring carrying the
zig-zags bb at the dotted lines cc Figure 4 so as to bring the said zig-zags under and
nearly parallel to the arms a a as represented in plan and side elevation in Figure 5.
There is thus produced a partly made clearer spring the parallel arms or branches a'a
of which are cylindrical through the greater part of their length and the flattened
zig-zag end 66 of the clearer spring is doubled or bent under the parallel arms to form
the fixed end of the clearer spring as represented in Figure 5. The middles, of the
parallel arms a a are next bent inwards or shouldered at dd, Figure 6, so as to bring
the portions a², a² of the arms a, a nearer together as represented in the said Figure 6.
The parts a², a² of the arms a a are next flattened as represented in plan and side
elevation in Figure 7 and the said flattened parts a², a² are finally corrugated or bent
into the form represented in plan and side elevation in Figure 8 and marked a³ a³ the
said corrugated parts a³, a³ constituting the free and acting ends of the clearer spring.
The said clearer spring is now complete and is used. in the ordinary way, the said
clearer spring having the advantages over the ordinary clearer spring hereinbefore
pointed out.
Figure 9 represents in plan (partly broken away) and Figure 10 in side elevation
(partly in section) an under clearer spring made partly of wire and partly of a plate
of steel according to my invention. In the said Figures 9 and 10 a, a, a³ are the
arms or branches of the clearer spring and is the flat forked plate of steel forming
the fixed end of the clearer spring. In this modification the arms of the clearer
spring are each made of a separate piece of cylindrical wire, partly flattened and bent
into the same form as the arms of the clearer spring herein first described but the
fixing end is without the complete zig-zags b, b, the bent back parallel parts at a of
the separate arms Figures 9 and 10 constituting connections by which the separate

page_text: fixing plate 62 is rivetted at ff (or otherwise fixed) to the arms a, a³ as best seen in
Figure 10. The separate arms of this clearer spring are bent and flattened in the
manner hereinbefore described with respect to the clearer spring made from one piece
of wire.
Although I prefer to use cylindrical steel wire in the manufacture of clearer springs
according to my invention yet steel wire of an elliptical figure in cross section or
flattened wire or wire of other sectional figure may be used; but I prefer to use
cylindrical wire. When flat steel wire is used the flattening of parts of the clearer
spring during its manufacture is dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to bo porformed I declare that what I
claim as my invention of "Improvements in the manufacture of the under clearer
springs of machinery used in preparing spinning doubling and twisting fibrous
materials":-
-
First Making an under clearer spring from a single piece or length of steel wire
(preferably cylindrical) bent or shaped or bent or shaped and in part flattened sub-
stantially as herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 8 both inclusive of
the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly Making an under clearer spring of two pieces or lengths of steel wire
(preferably cylindrical) shaped as described and represented into the arms or branches
of the clearer spring and of a single flat forked steel plate constituting the fixed end
of the clearer spring rivetted or otherwise connected to the under bent back ends of
the said arms or branches substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 9 and 10 of the accompanying Drawing.
Dated the Fifth day of July 1889.
CHARLES HENRY PUGH.