An Improved Road Plough for Dressing the Side Slopes of Roads.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Road Plough for Dressing the Side Slopes of Roads.
I, REGINALD HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Bucking-
ham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention a communication to me from abroad by Aime Boudieu, of Riom,
Puy de Dome, in the Republic of France, Road Surveyor, to be as follows:-
At present the side slopes of roads are dressed or cleared by hand, by road-
labourers, by this invention this long and expensive human work is replaced by
that of a machine drawn by animals.
This machine consists essentially of a strong horizontal frame or platform
mounted upon four wheels, the two first of them, the directing wheels carried by
a turnable fore carriage. This frame is provided with four traversing beams the
first three of them carry a series of ploughs shares or coulters which so break up,
lift and split up the ground or surface accumulation thereon that a transverse
blade carried by the fourth traversing beam cuts off and level the ground to
the depth required.
The plough shares of hard steel are fixed on the outside of rods movable up
and down in slides or housings where they are maintained by pressure screws, in
order to prevent the deflection of the rods, the latter lean against stirrups main-
tained by struts. The plough shares may have the form of little shares with
strong mould boards but this form can be altered as required by the nature of
the ground.
The sharp finishing blade is of steel. It is fastened on an angle bolted by
bolts on the inner extremities of two curved rods. These rods lie in housings
fastened on the rearmost beam they can be wound up and down and are maintained
by two pressure screws.
Since it is often necessary that one of the extremities of the blade be higher
than the other in order to give the soil the inclination required by the slope of
the road, the holes receiving the bolts are oval. The blade projects further on the
side which represents the border of the ditch or gutter in order to take away the
accumulation of earth which the plough shares may have left on this side.
The blade movable on the angle carrying it, may project beyond the machine
on one or the other side for working on the right or left hand side of the road.
The frame consists of 2 girders connected by the cross beams. The whole is
strengthened by squares or angle plates and reinforcing pieces of convenient form.
This frame is bound to the fore carriage by a projecting neck carrying a screw
socket in which a vertical screw turns provided with a hand fly wheel; this
screw allows of lifting up the frame more or less above the fore carriage. Before
and behind the screw the neck of the frame carries two housings in which slide
two vertical bars joined to the fore carriage.
The fore carriage comprises two wheels mounted upon a kneed axle tree con-
nected to the draw gear by means of two rods. The axle tree is movable round
a ring bolt. The hinder part of the frame is carried by two wheels mounted upon
a kneed axle tree. Instead of being of iron pieces riveted together the frame can

page_text: be of any other suitable material for instance of cast iron, soft steel etc. or of
wood and iron. Instead of being right angles it may be triangular or may have
any other formation. Instead of pressure screws keys may be used or any other
binding means. In order to guide the machine along the road without its work-
ing it is necessary that the shares and the blade be lifted up to a certain height
above the ground. In order to avoid a separate lifting up of every share and of
the blade, the frame is lifted up above the axles of the wheels, thus lifting up all
the shares and the blade at once. The lifting of the front part of the machine
is effected by means of the screw hereinabove mentioned and the lifting of the
hinder part is effected in the following manner: the hinder part of the frame
lies horizontally upon the bends or cranked parts of the axle tree. By operating
a lever gear the axle is turned so that the cranked parts are put in a vertical
position and consequently the hinder part of the frame is lifted above the axis
of the wheels as much as the cranks are long which is conjoint with the piece.
To maintain the frame when lifted the lever enters a cage and is held there by
means of a detent.
Tatod this 95th day of Anomat 1900
An Improved Road Plough for Dressing the Side Slopes of Roads.
1, REGINALD HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co., of 18, Bucking-
ham Street, Strand, W.C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention a communication to me from abroad by Aimé Boudieu, of Riom,
Puy de Dôme, in the Republic of France, Road Surveyor, and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
At present the side slopes of roads are dressed or cleared by hand, by road
labourers; by this invention this long and expensive human work is replaced by
that of a machine drawn by animals.
An example of this machine is represented in the annexed drawing in which
Fig. 1 shows a side view, Fig. 2 a plan view and Figs. 3 to 7 details.
This road car consists essentially of a very strong horizontal frame or platform
mounted upon four wheels, the two first of them or directing wheels 26-26
form a turnable fore carriage. This frame is provided with four traversing
beams 7-7-7--7 the first three of which carry a series of plough shares or
coulters 2 which so break up, lift and split up the ground or surface accumula-
tion thereon that a transverse blade 13 carried by the fourth traversing beam cuts
off and levels the ground to the depth required.
The plough shares 2 of hard steel are individually fixed on the extremities of
rods movable up and down in slides or housings 6 arranged in the frame, where
they and their points are maintained by pressure screws 3, Figures 1 & 5, which
serve to fix the blades at the height and inclination required. The plough
shares 2 can have two different forms. In the drawing Figs. 1, 2 & 5 they have
the form of a small ploughshare with double earth boards, which is the form
ordinarily used but in the case of grass soil, they have the form of knives 4
with vertical blades, in order to cut the turf in strips to be lifted easier. This
second form is indicated in Fig. 6.
Also knives and shares may be used simultaneously in combining them in
any convenient manner. The shares are arranged as shown in Fig. 2 but their
number and position can vary.

page_text: The rods 1 serve only to support the shares, in order to resist the strain which
is exercised against the same when the apparatus is in function in hard soil, the
flexion and torsion of these rods is avoided by means of strut beams 5 placed
before the rods which act by traction. The upper ends of these strut beams are
bent so as to be vertical, being thus able to slide at the same time as the corre-
sponding rods 1 in the slides 6 of the frame. These slides are made partly in
the traversing beams 7 of the frame and partly in the bars 8 parallel to these
traversing beams, Figs. 2-5 and 7. The traversing beams 7 and the bars 8 are
connected by bolts 30 Fig. 2. The same arrangement has been adopted for, the
frame plates 9, 10, and the exterior longitudinal cross pieces 11, 12.
The sharp finishing blade 13 is of steel. It is fastened on the rods 14 & 16
which it supports by small angles 19 Fig. 1; this blade has a certain obliquity
in the horizontal plane in regard to the longitudinal axle of the road plough.
The two stirrups 15 & 17 reinforce the rods 14 & 16. The position of the blade 13
in Fig. 2 allows the working on the right side of the road; in this case the blade
extends beyond the exterior of the hind wheel 27. When it is necessary to work
on the left side of the road the rod 14 is put into the groove 14¹ and the rod 10
into 16, whilst the stirrups 15 & 17 are placed into the groove 151 & 171
In order to make the blade project on the left side it is dismounted and the
bolts put into other holes 18. This projecting of the blade allows the removal of
the earth which the plough shares may have left on the side of the road. The
fore axle is connected with the fore carriage by a socket 22, maintained by a
fork 23 Fig. 1. The socket 22 surrounds a cylindrical rod 24 round which the
socket is movable. Morcover the socket can rise or descend on this rod 24 which
serves as a guide, by means of the screw 21 moved by a hand-wheel 25 and
fastened to the piece 23. By turning the screw the socket is also lifted and
consequently the whole fore part of the apparatus so that the plough shares do not
touch the ground.
The fore carriage comprises two wheels 26 26 mounted upon a bent axle tree 31.
Fig. 4 shows a front view of this fore carriage. The hind part of the road plough
is carried by two wheels 27 27 mounted upon an axle tree.
Fig. 3 shows how the hinder part of the frame can be lifted by a single action,
the hinder part rests on the horizontal part of the axle tree 32, Fig. 1. By
operating the lever 29 the arm 321 takes the vertical position 322 and the whole
hinder part of the frame will be lifted over the axle of the wheels to a height
equal to the length of this arm 32. In order to set the machine in action the
frame is lowered the front part by means of the screw 21 and the hinder part in
lifting lever 29. The height of each share is regulated and also the blade and
the inclination of this blade. The oxen or horses are harnessed at the front part
and guided by a conductor and the overseer of the machine at the hinder part
directs the apparatus by means of the handles 28 28 similar to those of ordinary
ploughs. The shares cut off dig up and distribute the ground to be taken off.
The operation is finished by the hind blade and the earth passes over this blade
and is then taken away as usual.
A tool box 20 can be placed on the road plough. The forms and dimensions of
the various parts and the dispositions of the details may be varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
-
1. An improved road plough for dressing the side slopes of roads and replacing
human work provided with plough shares and a levelling blade mounted on a
travelling frame drawn by animals substantially as herein described.
2. In an improved road plough for the purpose described,-the combination of
plough shares for cutting the crust of the ground to the desired depth with a
cutting blade destined to level the ground acted on by the shares.
3. The method herein described of individually lifting the shares allowing the

page_text: point of each share to be fixed at the desired height in combination with the
mode of fixing the blade at the height and inclination required.
4. The method herein described for entirely lifting the frame in order to
allow the apparatus to travel without the shares or the blades operating on the
ground.