AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE SURFACE OR PATTERN ROLL OF THE MACHINES USED IN PRINTING CALICO AND OTHER GOODS, COMMONLY CALLED SURFACE PRINTING MACHINES, AND IN THE MODE OF WORKING THE SAID ROLLS
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
Losn, of 8, Crescent, in the City of Carlisle, Gentleman, send greeting.
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WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Thirtieth day of May, in the fifth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Losh, His especial licence, that I, the said John Losh, my exors,
admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Losh, my exors,
admiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
THE SURFACE OR PATTERN ROLL OF THE MACHINES USED IN PRINTING CALICO
AND OTHER GOODS, COMMONLY CALLED SURFACE PRINTING MACHINES, AND IN THE
MODE OF WORKING THE SAID ROLLS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, obliging me, the said John Losh, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at largo appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Losh, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to consist in
doing away with the toothed and pinion wheel heretoforo fixed on the axis of
the pattern roll, and substituting therefore a driving band or belt passing over
pullies or elevated parts turned or formed on the end of the said roll, and of
the exact diameter of the roll with the pattern upon it, thus constituting an
improved roll, and a new mode of working the surface printing machine
separately, or attached to a cylinder printing machine, for the purpose of
printing calico, linen, woollen, silk, paper, or other the like description of
goods, and which improvement will remove the difficulty and loss that has
hitherto attended the working of the surface printing machine, a difficulty
arising from the surface or pattern roll being propelled by a tooth and pinion
wheel fixed upon the axis of the pattern roll, and consequently the slightest
variation in diameter between the pattern roll and propelling wheel or mandrill
varies the speed of the circumference of the printing roll, called the surface,
and it therefore does not leave its own impression neat and plain, as it ought
to be, but is dragged along the face of the cloth, and leaves instead a trailed
mark upon the piece of goods intended to be printed; and whereas, in further
compliance with the said proviso, I, the said John Losh, do hereby describe
the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing annexed, and to the
figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:
The improved surface roll is made of wood, bored through the centre from
end to end, to admit a cylinder of cast iron or any other metal, on which the
roll should fit quite tight; if the wood, when bored, is not found to fit tight
upon the cylinder, fill up the space with gluo or cement made of rosin, pitch,
and Roman cement, when hot, in the following proportions, namely, one pound
of rosin, one pound of pitch, and a quarter of a pound of Roman cement,
and run in between the wood and the cylinder, the glue or cement will then
fill up the empty space, and also bind the wood to the cylinder. The cylinder
is cast with a flange inside each end, leaving only a sufficient hole in the
centre through which to pass an iron spindle, which spindle forms the axis of
the roll, and is made fast to the flange at each end of the cylinder, which
should be larger or smaller, according to the diameter of the roll, so that
when the roll is turned in the lathe to the size required, there may only
remain a small portion of wood upon the cylinder, but at the same time
sufficient for the purpose required in forming the pattern upon it. At one or
both ends, the roll is left thicker, as shown at A, A, Figure 1, or when the

page_text: pattern is a very distant one, instead of leaving the roll at each end thicker,
drive in till on a level with the pattern bars, of copper or any other metal, and
only so many bars as the pattern forms rows from end to end of the roll, so
that the bars and the patterns may be in a line with each other, as shown at
A, A, Figure 2. The circumference of these thick ends or elevated parts
of the roll; whether left thicker in turning the wood of the roll, as shewni
at Figure 1, or raised with bars of metal, as shown at Figure 2, must
in every case be precisely the samo as the extreme circumference of tho
pattern upon the roll, as it is upon these elevated or thicker ends of the
roll that the bolt or belts traverse to give the necessary motion to tho
pattern, the pattern being formed upon the roll in the usual manner, with
copper pins, wood, &c., as required, which is smoothed upon the surface by
being turned in a lathe; that part of the pattern roll over which the belt or
belts pass should also be carefully smoothed or turned down at the same time
to exactly the same diameter. The surface roll is liable to become a little
untrue, wear down, and also to dry in by using it in a hot workshop, which
cannot be prevented, and it is thus, on the old plan, rendered entirely useless,
as it can, according to the old methiod of working the machine, be used only
when exactly the same diameter as the mandril or principal carrying wheel,
and when this once varies, from the causes herein-before mentioned, it cannot
be rectified; all these difficulties, and also some others, are entirely obviated
by my plan of propelling the surface on pattern roll by a belt or belts working
upon the circumference of the said roll at either or both ends.
The belt may
be of leather or other material of the ordinary kind, and may be carried by
the sieve, roller, mandril, blanket, or principal carrying wheel. The advan-
tage to be derived by my plan is, that I can make the work completely per-
fect with a surface pattern roll of any circumference, without regard to the
size of the mandril or principal carrying wheel; and if a surface pattern lias
become untrue, it may bo put into the lathe and turned true, turning at the
same time either or both ends of the pattern roll, which the belt or belts pass
over the spoiled rolls, which were formerly a complete loss, may thus be put
again into working order, and the large expense for new rolls is entirely saved;
also by this mode of printing the immense expense of copper rolls used in
cylinder printing may be saved, the improved surface machine being rendered
capable of executing the work equally well, and some styles and patterns much
better, and at one-fourth of the cost for rolls and patterns. This Invention
also enables me to work any number of rolls upon the surface machine, cach
roll printing a separate color at the same time, by which method a full chintz
may be produced at one printing.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a front view of one of iny said improved pattern rolls; A, A, are
elevated parts of the wood left in the turning at each end of the roll, over
which parts the driving band B passes, receiving its motion from the sieve
roller, as at C, and a band may be used, if convenient, at each end; D, D, are
the ends of the spindle or axis; E is the pattern, and Q, Q, is the space between
the elevated ends of the roll and the pattern, or, in other words, that part of
the roll which is not covered with the pattern. Figure 2 is a similar view of a
pattern roll, whero pins are used for the pattern, and bars to elevate the ends;
and as similar letters are used in both this and the first Figure to denote
similar parts, no further explanation will be necessary. Figure 3 is a cross
section through the centre of the roll, Figure 1; Figure 4 is a similar section
through the roll, Figure 2; Figure 5 is an end view of the roll, Figure 1 ;
and Figure 6 is a similar view of Figure 2.
Now, whereas I claim as my Invention, first, the elevated ends of the pattern
roll, so turned or formed to receive the driving bands or belts, that they may be
smoothed, turned, or otherwise adjusted at the same time with, and in like
manner as, the pattern on the roll.
And, secondly, doing away with the toothed pinion wheel, and working the
pattern rolls by means of driving bands or belts.
And such my Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief
entirely new and never before used within that part of His said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, His said
Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed. I do hereby declare
this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my
Specification doth comply in all respects, fully and without reserve or disguise,
with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent
contained, wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and
privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Losh, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-five
Signed and sealed by the the said John Losh
(the parchment being first duly stamped), in
the presence of
JOHN (L.S.) LOSH.
S. SAUL, J, Carlisle.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord 1835, the aforesaid John Losh came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirtieth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-five.