IMPROVEMESTS IN MACHINERY FOR WORKING WOOD
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Rowe Sweetser and
George Wadman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th November 1869.
We, GEORGE ROWE SWEETSER and GEORGE WADMAN, both of No. 9,
Essex Road, in the Parish of Islington, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMESTS IN MACHINERY FOR WORKING WOOD," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of improvements in the construction of
machinery for working wood, and relates to that class of machinery
used by joiners, and more particularly to the machine commonly
known as the "general joiner," which machine is constructed to
perform many of the different operations in joinery.
Our Invention relates, firstly, to the sawing end of the machine, and
consists in the application of a self-acting feed to the saw, and com-
bining a fixed table with the rising and falling table, whereby sawing by
self-acting feed may be performed on either as well as the usual joinery
work, thus enabling larger material to be sawn. For this purpose we
furnish the frame of the machine with a fixed table, and having the
rising and falling table within and capable of falling flush with it..

page_text: Secondly. In the arrangement of parts to produce a self-acting feed
both to the saw and moulding ends of the machine, whereby both feeds
may be used either simultaneously or separately, and consists of a
friction disc mounted on a horizontal axis parallel with and receiving
motion from the saw spindle. This disc gives motion to a friction roller
on the sawing side provided with suitable means for adjustment to
regulate the feed to suit the nature of the material under operation, and
is feathered to a horizontal rod, at the end of which is fixed a worm
capable of being thrown in and out of gear by an eccentric movement,
and which gives motion to a horizontal barrel.round which an ordinary
feed rope is coiled. On the opposite side of the said disc we mount
similarly another friction roller with suitable means for both adjustment
and throwing out of contact, and which actuates a worm giving motion
to the feed roller for moulding.
Thirdly. In employing a bearing for the moulding spindle outside the
cutter block, enabling a larger cutter block to be used, and consequently
larger and better mouldings stuck.
Fouthly. In the arrangement of parts whereby only one weight is
required for both the feed roller and cramp for holding down in moulding
instead of two, as heretofore, and consists of a cramp of a kind of bell-
crank form, the top arm being horizontal, while the vertical arm forms
the foot of the cramp and turns on a fixed pin at the centre. To the
former arm is attached loosely a straight lever, which bears on the axis
of the feed roller by having a weight at its extremity.
Fiftly. In the construction and application of an improved moulding
iron to the cutter block of the machine, whereby such irons may be
made stronger and easier to sharpen, and consists of making the flat
side of the said iron corrugated or indented to suit the shape for cutting
the moulding, and forming the bevil of its cutting edge in one straight
surface or plane, which enables it to be sharpened on an ordinary
grindstone.
Sixthly. To an improved clutch suitable for high speeds, and which
forms a combined friction and toothed clutch, and consists of a disc or
flange fixed to a band pulley or other driving means mounted loosely
on a spindle, and furnished with a concentric projection and apertures
on its face which correspond to a groove and apertures in the disc or
flange attached to a socket or collar feathered to the same spindle, over
which socket or collar slids another collar furnished with teeth on one

page_text: side, which penetrate the said apertures. The first disc being in motion
the other is brought in contact with it and set in motion, after which
the toothed collar locks them, by which means no sudden strain is given
to the toothed collar, nor pressure required for the necessary friction
save that at starting. For disconnecting each collar is brought back.
Sevently. In the application of the above clutch to the machine and
arrangement, in order to work the saw and moulding ends either simul-
taneously or separately, and consists in dividing the main spindle into
two portions, and mounting a clutch on each, one being on the inner
end of the moulding spindle which abuts against the end of the saw
spindle, over which latter we mount a long loose socket or sleeve
furnished with a disc or flange at each end, which engage with the
corresponding discs or flanges of the before-mentioned clutches; this
socket or sleeve carries a fixed cone band pulley, and is mounted in a
bearing.
Eightly. To an improved vertical pressure roller for sawing, con-
sisting of a horizontal arm at right angles to the fence furnished with
a spiral spring, in combination with means for parallel adjustment
instead of radial, to suit the width of material, and which arm carries
a vertical axis on its under side, on which is mounted the pressuro
roller.
Ninthly. To an improved tennon apparatus, and its application to the
machine, whereby both cheek and shoulder may be cut at one operation
by one tool, and consists of two or more arms attached to a centre boss
fixed to the saw spindle, which arms revolve in different vertical plancs
to suit the thickness of tennon, which tennon passes between the said
planes; each arm is furnished at their extremitics with a suitable sliding
cutter holder adjustable to cut unequal depths of shoulders. The cutter
is of angular construction, and consists of a steel plate screwed flat on
the end of each holder, and projecting in the direction of the travel,
where it has a vertical as well as a horizontal cutting edge to act on the
check and shoulder respectively, the point of intersection or angle of
which edges project less and taper towards their extremities, which
project an equal distance.