Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing, Bleaching, Drying, and similarly Treating Yarn in Cops and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing, Bleaching, Drying, and
similarly Treating Yarn in Cops and the like.
I, ALEXANDER MARR, of 66, Upper Brook Street, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
This invention relates to apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, drying, and
similarly treating yarn in cops and the like, of that type in which one vessel is
contained within another, the inner vessel having its walls bored for the reception
of perforated spindles carrying the cops. Dyeing, washing or bleaching liquid
or the like is then forced or drawn from the space between the two vessels into
the inner vessel or in the reverse direction so that it passes through and
impregnates the cops.
The object of the present invention is to so construct the inner vessel that any
desired portion may be cut off and isolated from the action of the pump or other
forcing device. In the vessels at present commonly employed when less than a
full complement of cops has been treated, it has been necessary to plug up the
unused holes, a proceeding which occupies a considerable time.
In carrying these improvements into effect the inner cop bearing vessel is
formed in sections or compartments each of which opens into a common channel
or opening leading to the pump. The passages by means of which they com-
municate with the common channel are furnished with suitable., valves so. that
they may be opened or closed at will. By these valves, therefore, any one or
more of the sections of the vessel may be placed in communication with the pump
and the dye or other liquid or fluid will only pass through those sections the
valves of which are open. The sections in a vessel may thus be successively or
alternately placed in operation or all or any number of them may be treated
at once.
A convenient form of inner vessel may consist of a series of tubes arranged
in groups. Each group of tubes or each tube if desired opens at its lower end
into a separate channel which in turn is in communication with the channel
common to all the tubes or groups, the passage between the two channels being
provided with a valve or cock. These channels may be formed in a base which
is bored or recessed for the tube ends and which is formed with an opening for
placing the common channel into communication with the pump or the like. The
upper ends of the tubes are contained within an upper member or frame pro-
vided with a separate chamber for each group, and each of these chambers is
preferably provided with a spring controlled valve for the escape of the air when
the vessel is lowered into place in the outer vessel. The upper frame and the
base may be secured and drawn towards each other by tie rods, so as, at the
same time, to make tight joints between themselves and the tube ends.
Each tube is bored, preferably along diametrically opposite lines, for the
reception of the perforated spindles upon which the cops are placed.

page_text: In use the vessel is charged with cops and may be lowered into place in the
outer liquid containing vessel, in such a manner that the opening in the base
fits upon or within a passage communicating with the pump. The liquid may then
be forced or drawn through any section the valve of which is open.
After the operation in one outer vessel is completed the inner vessel may be
lifted out and placed in another vessel or in connection with an air exhauster
or pump for any desired subsequent treatment.
.
Dated this 28th day of September A.D. 1898.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing, Bleaching, Drying, and
similarly Treating Yarn in Cops and the like.
I, ALEXANDER MARR, of 66, Upper Brook Street, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
This invention relates to apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, drying, and
similarly treating yarn in cops and the like, of that type in which one vessel is
contained within another, the inner vessel having its walls bored or perforated
for the reception of perforated spindles carrying the cops. Dyeing, washing, or
bleaching liquid or the like is then forced or drawn from the space between the
two vessels into the inner vessel or in the reverse direction so that it passes through
and impregnates the cops.
The object of the present invention is to so construct the inner vessel that any
desired portion may be cut off and isolated from the action of the pump or other
forcing device.
In the vessels and apparatus at present commonly in use, when the inner
vessel is not fully charged or provided with cops, it becomes necessary to plug
up the holes which are unprovided with cops. Otherwise the liquid or the like
will flow chiefly through these holes and very little will pass through the sub-
stance of the cops.. This system of plugging presents many disadvantages,
amongst them being the amount of time wasted.
My invention consists in forming the inner cop bearing vessel in sections or
compartments, each of which opens into a common channel or opening leading to
the pump or other forcing device. The passages by means of which the separate
sections communicate with the common channel are furnished with suitable valves
so that they may be opened or closed at will. By these valves therefore any one
or more of the sections of the cop bearing vessel may be placed in communica-
tion with the pump and the dye or other liquid or fluid will only pass through
those sections the valves of which are open. Any section unprovided with cops
may thus be cut out, and the sections in a vessel may be successively or alter-
nately placed in operation, or all or any desired number of them may be treated
at once.
A convenient form of inner vessel may consist of a series of tubes arranged
in groups. Each group of tubes or each tube if desired, opens at its lower end
into a separate channel which, in turn, is in communication with the channel
common to all the groups or tubes, the passage between the two channels being
provided with a valve or cock. These channels may be formed in a base which

page_text: is bored or recessed for the tube lower ends and which is formed with an opening
for placing the common channel into communication with the pump or the like.
The upper ends of the tubes are contained within an upper member or frame
which may, if desired, be provided with a separate chamber for each group, and
each of these channels, when employed, may be provided with a spring controlled
valve for the escape of air when the vessel is lowered into place in the outer
vessel.
The upper frame and the base may be secured and drawn towards each other
by tie rods, so as, at the same time to make tight joints between themselves and
the tube ends.
Each tube is bored, preferably along diametrically opposite lines, for the
reception of the perforated spindles upon which the cops are placed.
In order that my invention may be more readily understood the following
drawings have been annexed, of which Figure I shews the apparatus in vertical
section with the inner vessel in sectional elevation, and Figure 2 shews, the com-
plete apparatus in vertical section at right angles with Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a representation of one of the tubes composing a section of the
inner vessel, provided with nipples for the reception of the perforated spindles
upon which the cops are placed.
Similar letters of reference are used to indicate similar parts where they occur
in the different figures.
In the form illustrated in the drawings cach section of the inner vessel con-
sists of three tubes bored along diametrically opposite lines, so that there are six
vertical lines of cops in each section.
As will be seen the apparatus consists of two vessels A and B, A being the
outer one containing the dye or the like, and B being the inner one upon which
the cops are placed. The inner vessel B is divided into sections, each section con-
sisting of the three tubes b, b, the lower ends of each group of tubes opening into
a separate compartment C, C, formed in the base plate D. Each of these com-
partments is provided with a cock or valve c by means of which communication
may be established at will with the common chamber or compartment E. This
chamber E is formed or provided with a mouth or the like F by means of which
it may be placed in communication with the pump or forcing device G through
the medium of the pipe H. It will thus be seen that any section may be cut
out by closing its valve c, and that no dye or the like could pass through such
cut out section when the pump is working.
In use, the inner vessel B consisting of the base plate D, the upper plate D¹
and the tubular sections b, may be hoisted bodily out of the outer vessel by means
of the eye-bolts J. The ends of the perforated spindles carrying the cops are
then placed in the perforations along the tubes 6 and the vessel B is lowered back
into the position shown in the figures the mouth F of the base I) engaging with
the nozzle p of the pump pipe and automatically making a tight joint. K, K, are
flanges or ribs formed on the inner face of the vessel A. and adapted to guide the
vessel B. In the lower part of Figure 2 several cops L are shown in position.
Should it not be desired to treat at one time a sufficient number of cops to fully
utilise all the sections 6 those sections which are unoccupied may be cut out by
their valves as before explained.
In the form of apparatus illustrated by the drawings the upper plate is shown
as provided with a corresponding number of compartments to the base plate D,
the tubes of each section opening into one or another of the compartments. Each
compartment may be provided with a spring controlled valve d to permit the
escape of the air contained within the sections when the vessel is lowered into
the dyeing or other liquid. This construction however, is not necessary, as the
upper ends of the sections may be closed or may be contained within a solid
plate. The air will then escape through the perforated spindles and the substance
of the cops.
The upper and lower plates and the cop bearing sections may be secured and

page_text: held together by means of the screwed tubes b themselves, or by means of the
tie rods M, or by other suitable and equivalent devices.
The operation of the apparatus when the vessel B is in place upon the pump
nozzle is as follows. The pump or other forcing or drawing device is set in
motion, liquid is drawn from the vessel A through the cops upon the sections the
valves of which are open, and is returned to the vessel A through the pipes N.
A constant circulation is thus maintained and the cops are thoroughly impreg-
nated. When the operation is completed the vessel B is withdrawn and the cops
may be removed or the complete vessel still bearing the cops may be removed to
another apparatus for bleaching, drying, or the like operation, this operation
being carried out by the passage through the cops of a suitable liquid, fluid, or
the like in a manner similar to that already described.
In Figure 3 is illustrated a cross section of one of the circular tubes 6 furnished
with nipples 6 for the reception of the ends of the perforated cop spindles. As
illustrated, the ends of these nipples are screwed into the tubes and may be
soldered in place. They are preferably provided with a depressed or slit portion b²
which may act as a spring to hold the spindle in place. These nipples are not
absolutely necessary but it will be found advantageous to employ them with
smaller circular tubes such as b.
Although the sections of the inner vessel B have been described and illustrated
as consisting of three tubes each, it will of course be understood that one or
any number of tubes may be employed of flattened, circular or other desired
cross section, or that the inner vessel may be formed as a box or casing and
divided into sections by suitable partitions or the like.
The form of vessel illustrated is only intended to serve as a type..
Figure 4 illustrates partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal section, and
Figure 5 shews in cross section a modified form of inner vessel.
In this modification the inner vessel with its tubes 6 does not form part of nor
is it secured to the base plate D, but merely rests thereon. The base D con-
taining the different chambers C and the cocks c may thus form part of or be
attached to the floor of the outer tank A. When the frame carrying the sections b
is lifted from the tank, then the chambers C are open at their tops. When the
frame is lowered into place as shewn in the drawings, the lower plate B₁ of
the frame rests upon the partitions C¹ and thus isolates cach chamber from the
next, and the result is as if the frame and the plate 1) were formed in one.
The upper edges of the plate D are preferably furnished with rubber or other
suitable packing so as to ensure a tight joint being made.
By the adoption of this form of vessel a considerable economy may be effected
as only one base I) is required for each tank and may be used with any number
of sectional frames.
A steam pipe or coil may be employed for heating the liquid in the tank or
for blowing steam therethrough in the manner well understood in cop dyeing. A
suitable water or other liquid supply pipe may be arranged in combination with
the tank.
The plate D may be provided with hooks or eyebolts so that it may be lifted
from the tank when required, and the cocks may be provided with extensions,
rods or the like extending up to the top of the tank and by means of which
they may be opened or closed as desired.
Rods or projections may be combined with the upper part of the frame so
as to steady the vessel B in the tank, either in substitution for or in addition to
the flanges K illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature, of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, drying and similarly treating yarn in
cops and the like, an inner vessel perforated for the reception of the spindles

page_text: carrying the cops and divided into sections each of which is furnished with a
valve or the like by means of which it may be placed in or out of communication
with the pump, the whole inner vessel being capable of being placed within or
removed from an outer vessel containing the dye or other liquid, constructed as
described and as illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, drying and similarly treating yarn in
cops and the like, an inner sectional vessel perforated for the reception of the
spindles carrying the cops and capable of being lifted away from or placed upon
a base plate divided into chambers and furnished with valves so that any desired
part of the inner vessel may be thrown out of action when desired, constructed
and arranged substantially as described and as illustrated by Figures 4 and 5
of the accompanying drawings.
3. In apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, drying and similarly treating yarn in
cops and the like, an inner sectional vessel composed of a frame having members
perforated for the reception of the spindles carrying the cops, and a base plate
divided into chambers and provided with cocks and valves, the frame being
removable from the base, constructed and arranged substantially as described and
as illustrated by Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, drying and similarly treating yarn in
cops and the like, an inner sectional removable cop bearing vessel, constructed
and arranged substantially as herein before described and as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 26th day of June A.D. 1899
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.