IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HEATING APPARATUS." A communication from abroad by Auguste Séguin,
of Paris, in the Republic of France.
Sealed the 28th January 1879, and dated the 11th October 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1878.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS." A communication from
abroad by Auguste Séguin, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to improvements in the heating apparatus applicable to
steam boilers of all systems, as well as to furnaces for performing metallurgical and
other operations, in respect of which Letters Patent were granted to me dated the
7th May 1877, No. 1770, the said apparatus consisting essentially of a gas generator
with a combustion chamber ensuring the complete combustion of the fuel employed,
and the utilization of the heat produced partly for generating steam in water spaces
arranged at the lower part of the apparatus, and partly for heating the air employed
for combustion by causing the said air to circulate in hollow bricks arranged round
the combustion chamber.
The improvements forming the subject of the present Invention consist principally
in the addition of a hollow supporting bar with water circulation arranged at the
lower part of the grate for the purpose of facilitating the clearing of the fire, and in
arranging the two inlets for air in the circulation chamber in such a manner that
the lower current of air which is the least powerful ignites a part of the gas
produced in the apparatus, thereby raising the last row of hollow bricks for the
admission of the upper current of air to a white heat, so that the current of air is
raised to a very high temperature, which ensures a perfect combustion of the gases
generated in the apparatus,

page_text: By means of this improvement the amount of steain generated in proportion to
the expenditure of fuel is greatly increased, and a maximum temperature is obtained
in the furnace.
The apparatus is mounted upon wheels so as to enable it to be transported with
facility to the place where it is to be worked.
In carrying out this Invention there is provided at the lower part of the grate a
hollow supporting bar, in which water is caused to circulate for the purpose of
enabling the fire to be cleared with greater facility, and more effectually than by
the arrangement heretofore adopted.
The admission of air to the combustion chamber takes place through orifices
which are not placed opposite each other, as in the arrangement described in the
Specification to the said former Letters Patent, but in the following manner, this
arrangement forming an important feature of the present-improvements :-
The lower inlet for the admission of air is situate nearest to the gas generator,
and this serves to produce the combustion of a portion of the gas produced in the
apparatus, and raises to a white heat the extremity of the plug; the latter is
constructed with hollow bricks forming passages for the supply of air through the
upper inlet orifice, which is situate further from the gas generator, the air proceeding
from this orifice being thus highly heated ensures the complete combustion of the
gases supplied by the apparatus.
The apparatus may be mounted upon wheels or rollers as before mentioned in order
to facilitate its removal, and the forms of the lower water space forming the sole of
the gas generator, and of the lateral water spaces are modified for the purpose of
facilitating the construction and working.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th April 1879.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING APPARATUS." A communication from
abroad by Auguste Séguin, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
The said Invention relates to improvements in the heating apparatus applicable
to steam boilers of every description, as well as to furnaces for performing
metallurgical and other operations, in respect of which apparatus Letters Patent
were granted to me, dated the 7th May 1877, No. 1770, the said apparatus
consisting essentially of a gas generator with a combustion chamber ensuring the
complete combustion of the fuel employed, and the utilisation of the heat produced
partly for generating steam in water spaces arranged at the lower part of the
apparatus, and partly for heating the air employed for combustion by causing the
said air to circulate in hollow bricks arranged around the combustion chamber.
The improvements forming the subject of the present Invention consist principally
in the addition of a hollow supporting bar with water circulation arranged at the
lower part of the grate for the purpose of facilitating the clearing of the fire, and in
arranging the two inlets or sets of inlets for air in the circulation chamber in such
a manner that the lower current of air, which is the least powerful, ignites a part
of the gas produced in the apparatus, thereby raising the last row of hollow bricks
for the admission of the upper current of air to a white heat, so that this current of
air is raised to a very high temperature, which ensures the perfect combustion of
the gases generated in the apparatus.
By means of this improvement the amount of steam generated in proportion to
the expenditure of fuel is greatly increased, and a maximum temperature is
obtained in the furnace.
The apparatus is mounted upon wheels so as to enable it to be transported with
facility to the place where it is to be worked.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the several
Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in both the Figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal section of a
heating apparatus of the description herein-before referred to with the present
Invention applied thereto, and Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same taken
along the line 1-2 (Figure 1).
At the lower part of the grate there is provided a hollow supporting bar C, in
which water is caused to circulate, for the purpose of enabling the fire to be cleared
with greater facility, and more effectually than by the arrangement heretofore
adopted.
The admission of air to the combustion chamber takes place through orifices A, B,
which are not placed opposite each other, as in the arrangement described in the
Specification to the said former Letters Patent, but are arranged in the following
Inanner, which forms an important feature of the present improvements. The
lower inlet A. for the admission of air is situate nearest to the gas generator, and
thus serves to produce the combustion of a portion of the gas generated in the
apparatus, and raises to a white heat the extremity of the flue, the latter is con-
structed with hollow bricks forming passages for the supply of air through the
upper inlet orifice B which is situate further from the gas generator, the air
proceeding from this orifice being thus highly heated ensures the complete
combustion of the gases supplied by the apparatus.
The apparatus may be mounted upon wheels or rollers F in order to facilitate its
removal, and the forms of the lower water space D forming the sole of the gas

page_text: generator, and of the lateral water spaces E are modified for the purpose of facilitating
the construction and working.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect,
I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to ine of improvements in heating apparatus
of the description herein-before referred to is,-
First. The addition in the grate of a hollow supporting bar, in which water is
caused to circulate for the purpose of facilitating the clearing of the fire, substantially
as herein-before described.
Second. The arrangement of the two inlets or sets of inlets or burners for the
admission of air to the combustion chamber, the heat produced by the lower inlets
or burners being partially employed in superheating the air in the upper inlets or
burners, so as to ensure the complete combustion of the gases produced in the
apparatus, substantially as herein-before described.
Third. The general arrangement and combination of parts forming heating
apparatus, substantially as herein-before described, and illustrated by the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my Speci-
fication set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.