IMPROVEMENTS. IN OR AND OTHER CARDION WINDOWLICABLE TO RAIL CARRIAGE
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Kay Farnworth, of Alderley Edge, in the
County of Chester, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS. IN OR
AND OTHER CARDION WINDOW"
Sealed the 10th November 1865, and dated the 28th June 1865.
I, JOHN KAY FARNWORTH, of Alderley Edge, in the County of Chester,
Gentleman, do bereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGE WINDOWS," to be as
follows:
In carriage windows of the present construction great inconvenience is felt
in opening and closing them. Now my Invention consists in a novel arrange-
ment of parts for openingand closing carriage windows, and retaining them
in any desired position. I make a vertical slot or opening in the inner panel
of the carriage door, and the window slides freely in side grooves. To a rail

page_text: or frame fixed to the lower side of the glass of the window is connected a handle
or stud passing through the said slot in the panel of the carriage door.
To this handle or stud, or to another stud fixed to the said rail or frame, is
jointed a catch, taking into one or two ratchet racks fixed on one or both
sides of the said slot within the panel of the door. The catch is held in
gear with the rack by a counterweight, a spring, or otherwise, and when it
is desired.to lower the window the catch (a projection or arm from which
extends through the said slot) is released by hand from the rack. By
this arrangement the window can be opened or closed with the greatest
facility, and when required partially open, the window remains in the position
in which it was when the hand released the catch.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Kay Farnworth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
KAY FARNWORTH, of Alderley Edge, in the County of Chester, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,' the
said John Kay Farnworth, Her special license that I, the said John Kay
Farnworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said John Kay Farnworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGE WINDOWS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Kay Farnworth, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Kay Farnworth, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
In carriage windows of the present construction great inconvenience is felt
in opening and closing them. Now my Invention consists in a novel arrange-
ment of parts for opening and closing carriage windows, and retaining them
in any desired position. I make a verticle slot or opening in the inner panel
of the carriage door, and the window slides freely in side grooves. To a rail
or frame fixed to the lower side of the glass of the window is connected a
handle or stud passing through the said slot in the panel of the carriage door;
to this handle or stud, or to another stud fixed to the said rail or frame, is
jointed a catch taking into one or two ratchet racks fixed on one or both sides
of the said slot within the panel of the door. The catch is beld in gear with
the rack by a counterweight, a spring, or otherwise, and when it is desired to
lower the window, the catch (a projection or arm from which extends through
the said slot) is released by hand from the rack. By this arrangement the
window can be opened or closed with the greatest facility, and when required
partially open, the window remains in the position in which it was when the
hand released the catch.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a front view taken from the inside of a carriage door and
window to which my improvements are applied; Figures 2, 3, and 4 are
sections of the same; Figures 5, 6, and 7 are three views of part of my
improvements.
a is the framing; b.the outer panel, and c the inner panel, between which
the window d slides up and down in the side grooves e; f is a vertical slot in
the inner panel c, and to each side of the slot f is fixed a ratchet rack 9. The
lower end of the glass window d is fixed to a rail or frame h, to which is fixed
a plate i, shewn enlarged in Figures 5 and 6; to this plate is connected the
handle j, the stud of which passes through the slot f; the button or projection
is also fixed to the stud of the handle j, and this button or projection acts
when required upon the double catch k, which is jointed to the plate i, and is
held in gear with both the racks g by the spring 1, or in any other convenient
manner.
Near the bottom of the slot f is fixed the stud m, against which the

page_text: projection from the stud of the handle j comes in contact when the window
is nearly down, to liberate the catch and allow it to be pressed into gear
with the racks g by the spring 1 above referred to. In Figure 2 the
catch is shewn in gear with the racks g, consequently the window d is held
up by the said catch. In raising the window the catch k will spring over the
catches of the racks, but when it is desired to lower the window the handle j
must be turned one-fourth round; in so doing the projection, acting upon
the inclined surface k', shewn in Figure 7, on the catch k, liberates the said
catch from the racks g, as shewn in Figure 3, and the window will then be at
liberty to drop by its own gravity. The blocks a', see Figures 2 and 3, are
made of india-rubber and act as buffers to the window frame h.
In Figures 8 and 9 I have shewn a modification of my Invention, parti-
cularly applicable to second and third class railway carriages. In this arrange-
ment the internal racks g and the catch k are dispensed with, and the handle
janswers the double purpose of the handle j and projection j³, above described.
At each side of the slot f, and to the exterior of the inner panel c, are fixed
four or other convenient number of studs f¹, against which the handle j rests
to hold up the window, but when it is desired to close the window the handle
is turned round one-fourth of a revolution to allow it to drop between the
studs f¹.
Figure 10 represents a plan in section of another modification of my
Invention. In this case the slot f is retained as shewn in Figure 1, but the
racks and catches, or their substitutes, are dispensed with. The stud of the
handle is secured to the plate i, which is let into the frame or railh of
the window d, and it is screwed near the end, projecting beyond the slot; the
handle is also screwed, and serves as a nut to the said screw. When
the handle is turned, so. as to tighten the nut against the side of the slot, the
window will be secured or held in any desired position, but previous to lowering
or changing the position of the window, the handle j must be turned to
slacken the nut, which then sets the window at liberty to be raised or
lowered.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described several modes
of carrying the same into operation, I wish to observe that I do not limit
myself to the details set forth, as the arrangements may be modified according
to the dimensions of the windows and the particular object for which they
are intended; but I claim,-
First, the general arrangements of the parts shewn and described for
opening, closing, and retaining windows or window sashes.

page_text: Secondly, the use of the slot marked f in connexion with the described or
any similar apparatus when made in the inner panel of carriage doors for the
purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Kay Farnworth, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
JOHN KAY FARNWORTH. (L.S.)