AN IM- PROVEMENT IN THE ROLLING OF IRON FOR THE MAKING OF SHIPS' KNEES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Betteley, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Chain Cable Manufacturer, for the Invention of "AN IM-
PROVEMENT IN THE ROLLING OF IRON FOR THE MAKING OF SHIPS' KNEES."
Soaled the 1st July 1856, and dated the 4th January 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Betteley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
January 1856.
I, JOSEPH BETTELEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Chain Cable
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVE-
MENT IN THE ROLLING OF IRON FOR THE MAKING OF SHIPS' KNEES " to be as
follows:-
Heretofore, when rolling iron for the making of ships' knees, they have in
some cases been rolled of a wedge-like form to make each of the limbs of a
knee of more substance at the bend than at the ends of the limbs, thus bringing
the strongest part at the bend; and in some cases the wedge form has been
produced by two straight lines or surfaces inclined to each other.
Now, my present improvement consists in forming the grooves or surfaces of
the rolls used in rolling knce irou, so as to produce one of the surfaces of each

page_text: limb with a curved line or surface, at the same time making such curved line
incline to the other surface of the limb in order to bring the greatest substance
of the iron to and near the bend, as heretofore, when making each limb of a
ship's knee wedge form or tapering; and also for forming the groove or
surface of the rolls of such a shape as will enable me to roll iron tapered on the
sides instead of top & bottom, as heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Betteley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th July 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BETTELEY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Chain Cable Manufac-
turer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing late the Fourth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Joseph Betteley, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph Betteley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Joseph Betteley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE ROLLING OF IRON FOR THE MAKING OF SHIPS' KNEES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Betteley, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of tho said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Betteley, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say -

page_text: Heretofore, when rolling iron for the making of ships' knees, they have in
some cases been rolled of a wedge-like form to make each of the limbs of a
knee of more substanco at the bend than at the ends of the limbs, thus bringing
the strongest part at the bend; and in some cases the wedge form has been
produced by two straight lines or surfaces inclined to each other.
Now, my present improvement consists of forming the grooves or surfaces of
the rolls used in rolling knce iron, so as to produce one of the surfaces of each
limb with a curved line or surface, at the same time making such curved line
incline to the other surface of the limb, in order to bring the greatest substance
of the iron to and near the bend, as heretofore, when making each limb of
a ship's knee wedge form or tapering; and also for forming the groove or
surface of the rolls of such a shape as will enable me to roll iron tapered on
the sides instead of top and bottom, as heretofore.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
Figure 1 shows one limb or half of a piece of knee iron rolled by means of
rolls formed according to the first part of my Invention, that is to say, so as to
produce one of the surfaces of each limb curved, as at a. For producing this
form of iron I employ two rollers of equal size, and revolving in contact with
each other at equal surface speeds. The lower one of these rollers is plain, and
the upper one has a groove in it corresponding with the form of the shaped
part of the piece of knee iron shown at Figure 1. A piece of plain iron, of the
same section as the unshaped part of the knee iron, has its end (when suitably
heated) placed between the rolls when in such a position as to leave the largest
space between them; and as much of the heated end of the iron is protruded
through the rolls as is sufficient for forming the shaped end of the knee iron,
(this being regulated by a guage or otherwise); the rolls are then put into
motion, and the protruded end of the iron is drawn back, and in passing
between the rolls is reduced to the desired form, and afterwards the other end
of the piece of iron is similarly shaped.
Figures 2 and 3 show one limb or half of pieces of knee iron rolled by
means of rolls, having grooves formed therein according to the second part
of my Invention, that is to say, so as to produce a limb having its sides
inclined towards each other, as at b, b, and c, c. 1. produce forms of iron
in a manner similar to that already described, the only difference being that

page_text: the form of the groove in the upper roller is altered to correspond with the
form of iron to be produced.
In witness whercof, I, the said Joseph Betteley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
JOSEPH BETTELEY. (L.S.)