Improvements in Laying Down or Constructing Concrete Pavements, Floors, or the like.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd June, 1887.
Complete Left, 4th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Oct., 1887.
Improvements in Laying Down or Constructing Concrete Pavements,
Floors, or the like.
JOHN CROMBIE and JAMES CROMBIE, Snowdon Road, Middlesbrough-on-Tees in
the County of York Contractors and Artificial Stone Manufacturers do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
Our invention relates to Construction or laying down Cement Concrete pavements
Floors or the like by the following process. Our object is to make Concrete flags or
slabs in the position they are intended to occupy in the pavement. The said flags or
siabs to be faced on both sides so that if the top side of the flags become worn and
uneven they can be taken up, turned over and relaid in the bed they occupied
previous to taking up, so that practically speaking it is a new pavement or Floor at a
trifling cost.
In carrying out our invention we proceed Firstly, (this is not new) We cover area
to be flagged with a layer of sand, fine ashes or other suitable material to the desired
level on this we arrange a system of moulds by means of moulding boards which divide
area to be paved into the number of flags or slabs required.
Secondly (This we claim as part of our invention) We then spread over the bed of
sand, ashes or other suitable material a layer of calico, cloth cardboard or any other
suitable material so as to make a fair and level surface and also to prevent the bed
from being disturbed by the Concrete when it is put into the mould by so doing we
ensure a level surface on both sides of the flags as we trowel the top side of flags in
the usual manner to make them smooth.
Thirdly our invention relates to the means or process of making joints so as to
prevent adhesion of one flag to another.
We first put down a flag in every alternate mould and after it has set we coat the
edges with plumbago, Blacklead lime mortar clay or any other suitable material to
prevent adhesion.
DL: 33-1 day of Tune 1887
JAMES CROMBIE.
JOHN CROMBIE.

page_text: Floors, or the like.
We, JOHN CROMBIE and JAMES CROMBIE both of Middlesbro-on-Tees in the County
of York, Contractors do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
Our invention relates to the means or process of constructing or laying down
Cement Concrete pavements, floors or the like by the following process. Our object
is to make Concrete flags or slabs in the position they are intended to occupy in the
pavement the said Flags or slabs to be faced on both sides so that when the top side
becomes uneven and worn they can be taken up turned over and relaid in the bed they
occupied previous to taking up so that it is quite a new pavement or floor at a very
trifling cost.
In carrying out our invention we first cover area to be flagged with a layer of sand,
fine ashes, slag, brick or coal dust &c. to the desired level, on this we arrange a
system of moulds by means of moulding boards which divide the area to be flagged
into the number of flags or slabs required. This part is not new being already
patented by us 7597 86
Secondly, We spread a layer of cloth, Calico perforated cardboard or other similar
and suitable material over the foundation of sand fine ashes slag brick or coaldust &c.
so as to make a fair and level surface and also to prevent the bed from being disturbed
by the Concrete when it is put into the moulds. By so doing we ensure a level surface
on both sides of the flags as we trowel the top side of the flags in the usual manner to
make them sinooth.
Thirdly our invention relates to the means or process of making joints so as to
prevent the adhesion of one flag to another. We fill the concrete into every alternate
mould and when sufficiently hardened we coat the edges of flags so made with
Plumbago, Blacklead, lime, mortar, Clay or any other suitable nonadhesive material
and then fill up spaces between flags already made, so as to complete the pavement.
In situations where flags or slabs have heat to contend with we pack the joints by
preference with cardboard wood or iron slips or laths when the concrete is sufficiently
hardened we draw them out leaving a perfectly clear space between the flags to allow
for expansion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention and
by what means the same may be carried into effect we declare that what we claim is
The means and process of making concrete Flags or Slabs faced on both sides and
joints for the aforesaid Flags or Slabs substantially in the manner and for the purpose
as hereinbefore described.
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