IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP UP AND IN 'PLUG' BASINS OR BOWLS FOR LAVATORIES, AND IN ARTICLES USED FOR ANALOGOUS PURPOSES, SUCH AS WATER-TROUGHS AND URINALS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE COCKS OR VALVES FOR SUPPLYING THE SAME WITH WATER, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING IN PART APPLICABLE ALSO TO ORDINARY BASINS OR BOWLS."
Year: 1880

page_text: f
LETTERS PATENT to Charles Frederick Clark, of the Firm of T. and C. Clark
and Co., of Shakespeare Foundry, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford,
Hollow-ware Founders and Enamellers, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TIP UP AND IN 'PLUG' BASINS OR BOWLS FOR LAVATORIES, AND IN
ARTICLES USED FOR ANALOGOUS PURPOSES, SUCH AS WATER-TROUGHS AND
URINALS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE COCKS OR VALVES FOR
SUPPLYING THE SAME WITH WATER, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING IN PART
APPLICABLE ALSO TO ORDINARY BASINS OR BOWLS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Frederick Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd July 1880.
CHARLES FREDERICK CLARK, of the Firm of T. and C. Clark and Co., of
Shakespeare Foundry, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Hollow-ware
Founders and Enamellers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP UP AND IN PLUG' BASINS
OR BOWLS FOR LAVATORIES, AND IN ARTICLES USED FOR ANALOGOUS PURPOSES,
SUCH AS WATER TROUGHS AND URINALS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE
COCKS OR VALVES FOR SUPPLYING THE SAME WITH WATER, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS
BEING IN PART APPLICABLE ALSO TO ORDINARY BASINS OR BOWLS."
The sides of the basin or other article (used for an analogous purpose) are
formed to curve inwards as they rise towards the upper edge; this inward curve is
continued to nearly the top of the basin or other article, when it changes into a
smaller curve of contrary flexure, from the upper curve of which another curve of
greater radius, or a straight line, completes the inner contour of the basin or other
article to the outer top edge thereof. Water is thus prevented from splashing over
the side of the basin or other article, as the first mentioned or inward curve throws
any water splashing up back towards the middle of the basin or other article. The
rounded part formed by the curve of contrary flexure prevents an inside sharp edge
(as in the case where an inside flange is employed), from being exposed to any
person or animal using the article. The interior curved contour renders the article
very convenient for being cleaned

page_text: At any convenient part around the circumference or plan of the basin or other
article, otherwise than an ordinary plain basin (but preferably at the back thereof),
a lip is formed out, the top of the said lip being at the overflow level; the lip is
consequently underneath the level of the top of the basin or other article, and the
part of the basin or other article immediately over the lip is shaped exactly as the
remaining part of the basin or other article above the level of the lip. The nozzles
of any cocks or valves used for admitting water to the basin or other article may
be placed immediately over the said lip, into which they discharge the water for
supplying the basin or other article. The said nozzles may thus be completely out
of the way, leaving the top and the interior of the basin or other article quite clear;
and in the case of a basin the said nozzles may be quite concealed by the lavatory
top. The said lip acts also as the overflow from-the basin or other article. In the
case of a "tip up" basin or other article the contents are emptied away through
the lip aforesaid, as the basin or other article is tipped up.
In the case of a "plug" basin to which the lip may be applied a container will be
required to receive the overflow and splash from the lip, as in the case of a
' tip up" basin.
tt
.
The overflow from the lip aforesaid may be used to wash over a urinal plate,
constructed beyond the lip and forming the back thereof, or otherwise used in
conjunction with the basin.
The basin or other article may be made of enamelled metal, or of porcelain, lead,
wood, pulp, or of any suitable material.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Frederick Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st January 1881.
CHARLES FREDERICK CLARK, of the Firm of T. and C. Clark and Company,
of Shakespeare Foundry, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Hollow-ware
Founders and Enamellers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TIP-UP' AND IN PLUG' BASINS
OR BOWLS FOR LAVATORIES, AND IN ARTICLES USED FOR ANALOGOUS PURPOSES,
SUCH AS WATER TROUGHS AND URINALS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE
COCKS OR VALVES FOR SUPPLYING THE SAME WITH WATER, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS
BEING IN PART APPLICABLE ALSO TO ORDINARY BASINS OR BOWLS."
The sides of the lavatory basin or bowl, or other article (used for an analogous
purpose, such for instance, as a water-trough or urinal) are formed to curve inwards
as they rise towards the upper edge; this inward curve is continued to nearly the
top of the basin or other article, as aforesaid, when it changes into a smaller curve
of contrary flexure, from the upper part of which a straight line or another curve
of greater radius completes the inner contour of the basin or other article, as
aforesaid, to the outer top edge thereof. Water is thus prevented from splashing
over the side of the basin or other article, as aforesaid, as the first-mentioned or
inward curve throws any water splashing up back towards the middle of the basin
or other article, as aforesaid. The rounded part formed by the curve of contrary
flexure avoids the inside sharp edge (which is the case where an inside flange is
employed), from being exposed to any person or animal using the article, an
advantage however which is not specially required in the case of urinals. The
interior curved contour renders the article very convenient for being cleaned.
I term the basins constructed according to this part of my Invention "anti-splash
basins.
"
At any convenient part around the circumference on plan of the basin or other
article as aforesaid, providing that the same is fitted with a plug or made to tip up
(but preferably at the back thereof), a lip is formed out, the top of the said lip
being at the overflow level, and consequently underneath the level of the top of the
basin or other article. The formation of the basin or other article, as aforesaid, is
continued above the lip, and is shaped exactly as the remaining part of the basin
or other article which is above the level of the lip. The nozzles of any cocks or
valves used for admitting water to the basin or other article are placed vertically
over the said lip, into which they discharge the water for supplying the basin or
other article. The said nozzles are thus completely out of the way, leaving the top
and the interior of the basin or other article quite clear, and the said nozzles may
be quite concealed by the lavatory or other top. The said lip acts also as the
overflow from the basin or other article. In the case of a "tip-up" basin or other
article made to tip up, and used for an analogous purpose, the contents are emptied
away through the lip aforesaid as the basin or other article is tipped up. The
article consequently does not require tipping in emptying it to such an extent as
when emptied over the rim. In the case of a plug basin or other "plug" article,
as aforesaid, to which the lip may be applied, a container will be required to
receive the overflow and splash from the lip, as in the case of a "tip-up "basin; or
other means must be provided to receive the overflow.
The basin or other article used for an analogous purpose may be made of
enamelled metal, or of porcelain, lead, wood, pulp, or of any suitable material.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will now proceed more
particularly to describe and ascertain the manner of performing the same with,
reference to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked.
thereon.

page_text: Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of my Invention as applied to a
"tip-up" lavatory basin fitted up complete with supply valves and container. The
section is taken on line x, x, of Figure 2, which is a plan of the same. In Figure 2
the lower half (on the Drawing) of the lavatory top is left out, so as to more
clearly shew the parts underneath. A is the basin. The sides are shewn curved
inwards, as at a, as they rise towards the upper edge. This inward curve a changes
into a smaller curve of contrary flexure at b, from the upper part of which a
straight line (or another curve of greater radius) at c completes the inner contour
of the basin to the outer top edge thereof. The contour of the basin is shewn to an
enlarged scale at Figure 3, which is a half sectional elevation of the basin. B is a
lip formed at the back of the basin, as shewn. The top of the lip B forms the over-
flow from the basin. The part d above the lip is shaped exactly as the remaining
part of the basin (shewn at a, b, c,) which is above the level of the lip; D is the
lavatory top. The top edge of the basin is shewn to come somewhat into the
opening E formed through the lavatory top; F is the container having a perforated
outlet G. The journals 7, 6, of the basin are cast out therefrom and carried in the
top of the container, as shewn, and covered with plates m, m, screwed down to the
top of the container, as shewn. The centre of the said journals is of course
somewhat backward of the centre line of the basin, that is to say, it is nearer to
the lip, so that the basin may be properly balanced up against the india-rubber
stop n (screwed to the back of the container) when at rest. The container is
square shaped at the back, as shewn, to allow room for the lip, and also to allow
the perforated ends of soap dishes, one of which is shewn at H, Figure 2, to drain
into it; C, C, are the valves for supplying the basin with hot and cold water.
They are arranged with their nozzles immediately over the said lip into which they
discharge the water for supplying the basin. The nozzles are thus completely out
of the way, leaving the top and interior of the basin quite clear. The nozzles are
also shewn to be quite concealed by the lavatory top D. Parts of the container are
cut away, as shewn, to allow for the passage of the nozzles. One of the valves is
shewn to an enlarged scale by Figures 4 and 5, the former being a front elevation,
and the latter a side elevation. Ears e, e, are cast upon the lower part of the valve
to bear against the underside of the lavatory top, and the valve is fastened to the
lavatory top by bolts f, f, screwed into bosses under the plate g, and connecting the
plate g which beds upon the upper side of the lavatory top with the ears e, e.
A thumb piece is fixed in the position shewn, so. that the thumb may be placed
against it as the part K is pulled forwards by the fingers to open the valve, and
thus avoid unnecessary strain upon the fixing of the valve. An ear e¹ is cast out at
the back of the valve, as shewn, to give a more rigid bearing at the underside of
the lavatory top. The contents of the basin are emptied out through the lip B
as the basin is tipped up.
Although I have illustrated my Invention only as applied to a "tip-up" lavatory
basin, its application to the other articles named in the title will now be sufficiently
obvious without need for further illustration.
Having now stated the nature of my said Invention and particularly described
and ascertained the manner of performing the same, I declare that I do not limit
myself to the exact shape or configuration of the parts shewn, but what I claim as
my Invention, and desire to secure by the hereinbefore in-part-recited Letters
Patent is,―
1st. The shape or configuration of the upper part of the interior of a lavatory
basin or bowl (whether " tip-up," "plug," or ordinary), or other article used for an
analogous purpose, such for instance, as a water trough or urinal, substantially as
and for the purpose herein described and illustrated by the Drawings, and lettered
a, b, c, on Figure 1, and whether the curve a finishes the top of the article, or is
used in conjunction with the curve b only (the latter finishing the top of the
article), or in conjunction with both the curve b and the straight line or curve c,
as shewn.
2nd, In a "plug" or "tip-up" lavatory basin or bowl, or other article provided

page_text: with a plug or made to tip up and used for an analogous purpose, such for instance,
as a water trough or urinal, the employment of a lip formed out underneath the top
of the basin or other article to receive the water for supplying the same, and to act
as the overflow therefor, substantially as herein described and illustrated by the
Drawings.
3rd. In a "tip-up" lavatory basin or bowl, or other article made to tip up and
used for an analogous purpose, such for instance, as a water trough or urinal, the
employment of a lip formed out underneath the top of the basin or other article
through which to discharge the contents as the basin or other article is tipped up,
substantially as herein described and illustrated by the Drawings.
4th. In conjunction with the said lip used in any manner as aforesaid, the
arrangement of the nozzles of the valves or taps for supplying water into the article
from which the lip is formed out, vertically over the said lip and outside the
lavatory basin or bowl, or other article, substantially as and for the purpose herein
described and illustrated by the Drawings.
5th. In conjunction with the said lip used for a lavatory basin or bowl, or for
another article used for an analogous purpose, such for instance, as a water trough
or urinal, the arrangement of the nozzles of the valves or taps for supplying the
same with water underneath the lavatory or other top, and thus concealing them,
substantially as herein described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Frederick Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
CHAS. FREDK. CLARK. (L.S.)
5 Witness,
HENRY CHILTON,
Clerk to Stephen Watkins, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E.,
Office for Patents.
Wolverhampton.