Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 21st Dec., 1888
I, THOMAS NORRIS, of Duncombe Street, Woolaston, Stourbridge, Manager of
Works, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
I will describe iny Invention in connection with a spade or shovel being also
applicable to other similar tools.
The first process in the manufacture of a spade or shovel is the forming of the
plate (which may be described as the spade or shovel) then the stamping or raising
of the 'Cofer,' upon the same and then the rivetting on to the same of the back or
front strap.
My Invention consists in welding or brazing the back or front strap to the said
steel or iron plate, and dispensing with the rivetting. By my improvements the
following are advantages. A great saving on the production, doing away with the
moulding and plating so that the manufacturer can use a rolled plate instead of a
hammered one.
In the handling the labor at the anvil and vice is dispensed with for by closing
the langet to the handle which I construct of a particular shape the strength of the
spade or shovel is increased, and a better finish, the surface is cleaner and works with
greater ease, and is also lighter.
THOS. KENDRICK,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: the mound Shewing botn straps.
Fig. 10, the mould drawn out into a plate.
Fig. 12, the same plate sheared.
The same letters of reference upon the several Figures indicate like or corresponding
parts.
a, Fig. 1 is the iron or steel plate cut out in the form of a spade or shovel; this
is the first process; b, Fig. 2, is the strap for the front or back of a, as may be
determined in Fig. 3 I shew the plate a, stamped with the raised "cofer," c, ready
for the back strap d which is shewn in Fig. 4, Fig. 13 is a section of view of the
shovel plate a, with the raised "cofer,” c, and the back strap b let into the said c. In
Fig. 5 I shew the shovel or spade plate a having the stamp d, at the back. In Fig.
I shew the shovel or spade plate a, stamped by the last process, and ready for handling,
and in Fig. 8 the same handled.
7
In Figs. 9-10-11-12 I shew the old process of manufacturing. Fig. 9 is a
bar of iron or steel (upon an enlarged scale) cut ready for being converted into
mould or plate as Fig. 10. Fig. 11 shews the mould with both straps, while
Fig. 12 shews the same plate sheared.
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein given and set forth and
shewn on the accompanying sheets of drawings but that I hold myself at liberty to.
alter or modify the same without departing essentially from the principle of my said
Invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what s
claim is :-
1st. The construction of the plate a by cutting out and stamping or raising from a
rolled plate instead of from a hammered one.
2nd. The welding or brazing the front strap b, or the back strap d to the said
plate a, instead of rivetting, with the closing in of the langet to the handle.
"
3rd. The general construction and combination of parts the whole forming,
Improvements in the manufacture of spades, shovels, and tools used for analogous
purposes," substantially as hereinbefore described, and shewn on the accompanying
sheets of drawings.
Dated 16th November 1888