Improvements in Cooling the Pistons of Engine-cylinders.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Apr., 1893.
Complete Specification Left, 24th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cooling the Pistons of Engine-cylinders.
I EMIL TUXEN, trading as Tuxen and Hammerich, of 6, Vesterfalledoej,
Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the cooling of the pistons of engine-cylinders.
Engine-cylinders which are submitted to high degrees of heat are usually
surrounded by a cooling chamber through which water is caused to flow. By this
arrangement the heat of the cylinder can be kept at such a low point that danger
of overheating it and consequently reducing its resistance is obviated and at the
same time it can be lubricated without risk of the lubricant becoming ignited or
evaporated.
The piston, however, becomes highly heated and expands more than the cool
cylinder. Consequently the piston presses unduly against the side of the cylinder
and thereby forces the lubricant out, thus offering an impediment to the easy
working of the engine.
The object of my invention is to remedy this defect by providing an arrangement
for cooling the pistons of engine-cylinders.
In carrying out my invention I form the piston with a chamber which, by means
of tubes connected to a swelling on the piston, communicates with two other tubes
which pass through stuffing-boxes and enter cylinders fitted on the frame of the
engine, one of which cylinders is provided with an inlet tube and the other with an
outlet tube for the passage of the cooling liquid.
A suction valve is provided in the inlet tube and a pressure valve in the outlet
tube so that the tubes which pass through the stuffing-boxes during the working of
the engine act as plungers in the cylinders on the frame of the engine whereby the
cooling liquid is forced to circulate through the chamber of the piston.
Dated this 24th day of Anril 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Cooling the Pistons of Engine-cylinders.
1, EMIL TUXEN, trading as Tuxen and Hammerich, of '6, Vesterfaelledvej,
Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the cooling of the pistons of engine-cylinders.
Engine-cylinders which are submitted to high degrees of heat are usually
surrounded by a cooling chamber through which water is caused to flow. By this
arrangement the heat of the cylinder can be kept at such a low point that danger
of overheating it and consequently reducing its resistance is obviated and at the
same time it can be lubricated without risk of the lubricant becoming ignited or
evaporated.
The piston, however, becomes highly heated and expands more than the cool
cylinder. Consequently the piston presses unduly against the side of the cylinder

page_text: and thereby forces the lubricant out, thus offering an impediment to the easy
working of the engine.
The object of my invention is to remedy this defect by providing an arrangement
for cooling the pistons of engine-cylinders.
..
In carrying out my invention I form the piston with a chamber which, by means 5
of tubes connected to a swelling on the piston, communicates with two other tubes
which pass through stuffing-boxes and enter cylinders fitted on the frame of the
engine, one of which cylinders as provided with an judet tube and the other with an
outlet.tube for the passage of the cooling liquid.
A suction valve is provided in the inlet tube and a pressure valve in the outlet
tube so that the tubes which pass through the stuffing-boxes-during the working of
the engine act as plungers in the cylinders on the frame of the engine whereby the
cooling liquid is forced to circulate through the chamber of the piston.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a gas motor cylinder with a piston-having my
invention applied thereto for cooling the same.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of Figure 1, and,
Figures 3 and 4 are cross sections on the line a-b of Figure 1 looking from the
right and left hand sides respectively.
A is the chamber in the piston which chamber is in connection with the two
tubes B and C. The cooling liquid is caused to enter through the tube C into the
chamber A and to leave through the tube B. The tubes are connected to the
swelling D on the piston which swelling is provided with two passages which
extend to the front part of the piston. The two tubes B' and are in connection
with the said two passages and are preferably united by ball joints to the swelling D.
The tubes. B and C₁have a strictly parallel movement with the piston: The
frame of the engine is provided with a support E for carrying the stuffing boxes Fl
and through which pass the tubes B and C when they enter the cylinders: G'
and G which are in water-tight connection with the piece E, Figures 1 and 2.
These tubes in their to and fro. movement act as plungers in the cylinders: G'
and G which latter represent the pump cylinders. The liquid is thus drawn
through the tube H and suction valve H¹ and forced out through the tube Land
exit valve I¹.
During the passage of the piston towards the left hand, liquid is drawn through
the open valve H' into the tube H and into the tube G. The valve I' is closed
and the suction in the tube G' causes the exhaust from the chamber A in the
piston through the tubes B, B' while the liquid in the chamber A is replaced by a
fresh quantity from C and C. The quantity of liquid sucked through the valve H¹
is equal therefore to the united capacity of those parts of the tubes G¹ and G'
which protrude from the tubes B and C. During the return stroke of the piston
to the right hand the suction valve H¹ closes and a quantity of liquid of the same
volume as before passes through C¹, C, A, B, B' into the tube G¹ and leaves
through the valve which latter opens under the pressure..
It is obvious therefore that during the working of the engine the liquid
circulates constantly through the chamber A the quantity of which liquid can be
regulated by means of a cock on the suction tube H or by altering the volume of
the tubes B¹ and C'. The surface of the piston which is exposed to the heat in
this manner becomes cooled.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. An arrangement for cooling the pistons of engine-cylinders consisting
essentially of a chamber formed in the piston and communicating by means of tubes
connected to a swelling on the piston with other tubes which pass through stuffing
boxes and enter.cylinders fitted on the frame of the engine one of which cylinders
is provided with an inlet tube and the other with an outlet tube for the passage of

page_text: the cooling liquid so that when the latter is introduced under pressure a constant
circulation is effected through the chamber of the piston, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. In an arrangement such as is claimed in Claim 1 the use of a suction valve in
the inlet tube and a pressure valve in the outlet tube so that the tubes which pass
through the stuffing boxes act during the working of the engine as plungers in
the cylinders on the frame of the engine whereby the cooling liquid is forced
to circulate through the chamber of the piston, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
3. The improved arrangement for cooling the pistons of engine-cylinders
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 24th day of January 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.