Improvements in and relating to Incandescence Burners for Lighting.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec, 1894-Accepted, 26th Jan, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Incandescence Burners for
Lighting.
I, ALBERT RICKS, of 75 Kochstrasse, Berlin, S W., in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement
My invention relates to incandescence burners for lighting.
In spuit burners it has heretofore been impracticable to use a glass incandescence
body, as this body is injuriously affected by the water contamed in the rising spuit
vapours To remedy this inconvenience, for instance by the use of spirit free from
water, would have been too expensive, apart from the circumstance that it is
extremely difficult to procure pare spirit in large quantities
The object of my said invention consists in rendering the employment of this
incandescence body practicable by diying and intermingling, before its combustion,
the finely divided fuel which 18 continually conducted to the burner and vaporized
at the same time.
In the accompanying drawing such a spirit vapour incandescence burner is
represented in section.
The spit passes through an admission pipe a under pressure into the burner.
From this admission pipe extends two bianch channels b and c which are closed by
valves d and e in a suitable manner. The valved permits the access of spirit to
the basin wherein the heating flame is produced. By opening the valve e the
spirit passes from the channel c into the adinission channel g which leads to a
chamber h.
Above this chamber is a second chamber i. The two chambers are separated
from each other by a perforated partition 1. In the chamber is a rather tightly
packed material, such as cotton, which vividly absorbs liquid, and in the chamber
is a wick for conducting the gases or vapours and distributing the heat, this wick
being inserted loosely in windings and consisting of any desired material, such as
asbestos The chamber is closed above by a partition a provided with inclined
perforations, and above this partition is arranged a baffle plate o At p I provide
in the cylinder an outlet orifice through which the developed gases or vapours
enter a suitably bent pipe y, are conducted around the heated cylinder and pass
upwards through holes to form the heating flame. Upon the said cylindei 19
arranged an incandescence burner of any suitable construction which may possess
a channels for the purpose of automatically igmiting the gas or vapour.
If now the buiner is to be set in action the valve e is first opened, the spirit
consequently passes through the channels c and g into the chamber h, and the
cotton contained therein absorbs spirit, then the valve d is opened, the spirit
11ses through the channel into the basin f, as it is under pressure and 18 here
lighted. The consequence 18 that the upper part of the chamber i will be
energetically heated, the spirit absorbed by the wick in the chamber and con-
ducted further begins even on its, entrance into the chamber to be slowly
vaporized by the radiating heat of the heating flames at r. The particles of liquid
carried along by the vapours are for the most part retained by the wick of the
chamber and vaporized, so that almost a dry gas or vapour will be obtained.
This effect is completed by the passage through the oblique perforations in the
partition n and by the gases or vapours impinging against the baffle plate o. By

page_text: these devices I effect at the same time an intimate intermingling of the particles
of gas or vapour. Accordingly the chamber seives for the absorption and
transmission, the chamber for the distribution and drying, and the perforations
at n and baffle plate o for the intermingling of the fuel If in lieu of the two
chainbers use is made of an equally long chamber containing a wick firmly packed
into the same it is impossible to vaporize the fuel soon collecting throughout the
length of the wick. If however the same chamber is filled up with a loose wick,
only a portion of the gases or vapours will go to the flame, while the remainder
will pass back through the pipe for the fuel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
—
First. An incandescence burner for fuels containing water, especially spirit,
characterized by the feature that the finely divided fuel, continually conducted to
the burner and vaporized at the same time, is dried and intermingled prior to its
combustion.
Second. In the incandescence buiner set forth in the first claim the arrangement
of baffle plates o and obliquely perforated plates n above the vaporizing chamber,
for the purpose of separating particles of liquid from the combustible gases or
vapours.
Third. In the incandescence burner set forth in the first claim the arrangement
of one or more chambers h, filled with pervious material in front of the vaporizing
chamber and which in the case of explosions and excessive development of gas or
vapoun act like return valves.
Fourth. A constructional form of the system set forth in the third claim, which
consists in the combination of chambers and connected with each other, one
chamber being provided with a tightly packed wick which serves as an absorbing
and pervious agent, while the other chamber 18 provided with a loose wick which
serves for the distribution of the fuel on bemg vaporized.
Dated this 21st day of December 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.