Improvements in or Appertaining to Pulverizing Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Improvements in or Appertaining to Pulverizing Machines.
A communication from abroad by JOHN JAMES BORDMAN, of 78, Hicks Street,
Brooklyn, King's County, State of New York, United States, Mechanical
Engineer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.L.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in machines for reducing and pulverizing all
varieties of substances, and especially to that class of machines which are provided
interiorly with rotary fans and beaters for accomplishing the pulverizing; but more
particularly to the balancing or adjusting of the shafts which in said machines are
employed for carrying the beaters and fans.
In machines of this character, the shaft which is employed for carrying the beaters
and fans, rotates at a very high rate of speed, it not being unusual at times, to drive
the shaft at a speed of two thousand or more revolutions per minute. Where the
shoes or flat surfaces of the beaters, or the fan blades, become unequally worn in the
operation of pulverizing, the centre of gravity of the whole system will be displaced,
because it does not coincide with the centre of rotation of the beaters and the devices
which hold the same, and the effect will be to impede and retard the rotation of the
shaft by causing lateral vibration, and thereby increasing the friction on the bearings,
and subjecting all parts of the machine to a very much greater strain than when the
shaft is properly balanced.
Moreover when the lining of the machine becomes worn down at any point, the
diameter of the interior of the cylinder becomes enlarged at that point, and the
tendency of the operation of the machine, is to cause an uneven movement of
the material in process of pulverization, and consequently a much greater strain on
the particular parts of the pulverizing mechanism than before, at the point where the
enlargement occurs. The object of the present improvement is to provide means for
obviating these difficulties, by effecting an immediate balance of the shaft of the
machine, at any desired moment, whenever the various parts of the beaters, fans, or of
the mechanism within the pulverizer, become worn.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying sheet of
drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine, partly in section,
Figure 2, an end view, and Figures 3 to 5, views of details. Similar letters refer to
similar parts throughout the several views.
In the drawings A1, A2, is the outer shell of the machine, the same being made in
two horizontal sections, a lower section A2, supported on the bent standards S S, and
an upper section A' fitting upon the lower section. The sections are hinged together
in the manner shown and the upper section is arranged to be readily opened. The
end walls of the machine are parallel. The sections A1 and A2 are provided with the
horizontal flanges designated respectively in the drawings by e, e¹, for facilitating
the opening and closing of the upper section, as shown in Figure 2.
E is the central driving shaft of the machine, which passes through the openings F
in the parallel end walls of the machine, which openings are just large enough to
admit of the passage of the same. This shaft is supported on the bearings B2 B',
Figure 1, carried upon the bracket B B, which are cast on the end walls of the
machine. Figure 2 shows two of the radial arms of the beaters 1 1, which are
attached to the shaft E and are shown with their extremities broken off.

page_text: The brackets B B are provided with a cylindrical sleeve B₁, cast in one piece
therewith, in which the vertical standards D are placed, and which serve as bearings
in which the same slide:
These standards can be vertically raised or lowered by means of the bevelled
collar D', which encircles the same as shown, and is bolted to the lower portion of
the standard D., The standards rest in sockets in the flat extremities of the legs S,
as shown in Figure 1, and have sufficient vertical play to enable them to be raised a
short distance, and are prevented from turning, by the lug s¹ passing through them
and resting in the slots s.
Beneath the sleeve, is placed a second sleeve D2, with a bevelled upper head upon
which the bevelled edge of the sleeve D₁ rests when the shaft E is lowered, and
which is arranged to turn freely on a bearing in the flat portion of the standard S.
This sleeve encircles the vertical standard D, and may be turned freely around it.
The sleeves D2 are provided with the ears d at their sides, which are connected
together by link bar d', so that both sleeves may be rotated, or moved, simultaneously
by turning the lever arm ³ its full distance, whereupon the flat surfaces of the sleeves
come in contact with each other and afford opposing horizontal surfaces, and so hold
the rollers firmly until released by turning back the lever arm D³. Any convenient
form of device for rotating or moving the sleeves, may be used, but in practice, the
lever arm D³, Figures 1 and 3, will be found most convenient.
The upper extremities of the vertical standards D, are provided each with two
friction wheels m m mounted on the pins m² m², and the arrangement of the vertical
standard is such, that when raised their centres will come directly under the centre of
the driving shaft E, as shown in Figure 2.
The arrangement of the two inclined surfaces of the collars D1 and D2 is such that
they will meet in an inclined plane, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. As the collar D'
is securely fastened to the vertical shaft D), when the collar D2 is rotated from left to
right, the collar D', and with it the standard D, will be raised in its socket and the
wheels m m, brought in contact with the shaft E, which, when the upper half of the
shell A is opened, may be raised from the bearings B¹ B', and also from the opening
in the end walls.
For the purpose of effecting the balance of the driving shaft, a particular form of
driving pulley P1 P is used, containing within it any number, or any arrangement of
adjustable weights, but preferably two, arranged as shown.
In the form of adjusting pulley shown in Figures 4 and 5, P represents the portion
of the pulley which comes in contact with the belt, and P¹ represents the
portion containing the weights, which latter portion is of greater diameter than the
former.
The pulley is made of metal cast in a single piece, and contains a central hub E¹,
which is keyed to the driving shaft E, by the key e². The enlarged portion contains
horizontal webs, p³ pt which serve to form grooves within which the weights pl pl
can slide from one edge of the periphery to the other. The centre line of the path
of each weight is an equal distance above the centre line of the driving shaft, when
the pulley is adjusted and the webs forming the grooves, placed in a horizontal
position, as shown in Figure 4.
Adjusting screws p² are provided with screw heads pp, passing through openings
on the periphery of the enlarged portion of the pulley, and through screw-threaded
openings in the weights p¹ p₁, and by turning the screwheads of these adjusting
screws, the weights are caused to travel from side to side in their grooves, without
further manipulation, and moved a greater or less distance, according to circumstances.
A loose pulley P, is provided, mounted on a separate shaft E2 E³, as shown in
Figure 1, for the purpose of holding the belt, and allowing the driving shaft to
operate when the belt is released from the driving pulley P.
The operation of the present improvements, will be apparent from the foregoing
description.
When it is desired to re-adjust the balance of the machine, for any reason, the
upper section A¹ of the pulverizing cylinder, is raised as shown in Figure 2 the

page_text: nuts of the bearings B are unscrewed, slacked, and the shaft E raised from its
bearings, by moving the lever D³, as shown in Figure 3, and supported so that it can
turn freely on the friction rollers m m and the belt thrown over upon the loose
pulley P. The weights p¹, p¹, are moved in their grooves to such a position that
there shall be just as much weight on one side of the driving shaft, at every point, as
there is on the other; or in other words the centre of gravity is again made to
correspond with the centre of rotation. The shaft is then lowered into its bearings,
by turning the lever D³ back to its original position, and the cylinder closed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign.correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
1. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with the driving shaft provided with
radial arms carrying rotary beaters, of a driving pulley on said shaft, outside of the
pulverizing chamber, containing in its interior, movable counterpoises, arranged to
be adjusted at any desired position, for balancing the driving shaft, and the
pulverizing mechanism.
2. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with the driving shaft provided with
radial arms carrying rotary beaters, of a driving pulley outside of the pulverizing
chamber, containing in its interior sliding weights, and means substantially as
described for sliding said weights from the outside of the pulley, for balancing the
driving shaft and pulverizing mechanism.
3. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with the driving shaft E of the
driving pulley P on said shaft, the flange P¹ constructed in one piece with said
pulley, the weights p¹pl sliding in the weights ppt, in said flange, and the screws p³ p²
passing through screw-threaded openings in the weights and through openings in the
flange P1 and the screw.beads p for turning said screws.
4. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with the main driving shaft of the
machine, of movable friction bearings, at each end of and outside of the pulverizing
chamber for supporting the driving shaft when released from its bearings during the
operation of balancing.
5. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with the main driving shaft of the
machine at each end of and outside of the pulverizing chamber, of the vertically
movable friction wheels mounted on a vertical standard, and an arrangement of con-
nected levers for raising said standards, and for supporting the driving shaft on the
friction wheels during the operation of balancing.
6. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with the main driving shaft at either
end of and outside of the pulverizing chamber, of the standards D D with the friction
rollers, for supporting the shaft during the operation of balancing, the stationary
bevelled collars D', and the loose collars D2 surrounding the base of the standards,
the link d¹ connecting the collars D2 D2 and the lever D whereby the collars D² Di
are rotated and the standards raised so that the shaft is supported on the friction
rollers.
7. In a pulverizing machine, the combination with the driving pulley, of a loose
pulley mounted on and rotating upon a separate shaft, for receiving the driving belt
during the operation of balancing the driving shaft of the machine.
11
11 1
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.