Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed in the Manufacture of Looped or Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 16th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 21st Dec, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed in the Manufacture of
Looped or Pile Fabrics.
I JOSEPH EDMONDSON, of 36, Sunbridge Road, Bradford, in the County of York,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention consists of an improved construction, arrangement, and combination
of parts of mechanism to be employed in the manufacture of looped, or pile fabrics,
comprising a backing of canvas, or other suitable material, into which the material to
form the pile is inserted by means of a needle, or other instrument.
<<
According to this my said invention; I insert the yarn, or other material to form
the pile; from one side of the cloth by means of a needle having an eye near its
point, and from the other side of the cloth a hook, or finger is inserted into the
loop, before the needle is withdrawn. This hook, or finger holds the loop while
the needle is being withdrawn, and is being reinserted into the cloth to form the next
loop.
If the loop is not to be cut the book, or "finger" is then withdrawn, and
inserted in the next loop, and so on, continuously. But if the loop is required to be
cut, the hook, or "finger" is still further pushed through the said loop, which is cut
by a part of the hook, or "finger" which has a knife-edge for the purpose. Instead
of a knife-edge, attached to, or forming part of the hook, or finger," may use a
seperate cutter, which can be actuated independently. Or by using a gauge, or
holder inserted on the same side of the cloth as the needle (as described in Patent
No. 11232 of the year 1888,) I can dispense with th hook, and holder, and use only
a cutter, on the side of the cloth opposite to the needle. To prevent the yarn from
being drawn out of place during these operations; nippers lay hold of the backing,
and of the yarn passing from loop, to loop, so that the latter cannot slip. The needle,
the hook, or "finger," the independent cutter, and the nippers, are actuated by cams,
and other appliances, similar to those well known, as applied to Card setting
machines.
I also use a series of needles each carrying a different color of yarn, and mounted
in a boss running on a spindle, or in a linear holder. The needle holding the color
of yarn required, is selected, and brought into position ready for insertion, by any of
the well known means applied to the circular," or rising shuttle boxes of looms.
When the required needle is brought into position it is inserted into the cloth by
means similar to those already referred to.
In instruments for the making of piled, or looped fabrics, such as are described in
patent No. 11232 of the year 1888, instead of making the frame, which acts as a
guide for the needle, and holder, in one piece, as therein described, I make it in
two parts, and fasten that which guides the guage into the cloth, with its guiding
face parallel to the guage. The part which guides the needle into the cloth, I fix on
a centre, so that in adjusting it to vary the length of stitch, it moves radially, and
thereby always has its guiding face parallel to the needle, when the latter is entering
the cloth.
I also attach a cutter to the hand machine described in the said specification, similar
to that attached to the machine baving cams, and this cutter I actuate by a lever, or
by a hinged or sliding portion of one of the two handles, or by both combined, or by a
sliding piece, in, or attached to, one of the handles.
Dated this 15th day of January 1889.
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Town Hall Buildings, Halifax.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed in the Manufacture of
Looped or Pile Fabrics.
I, JOSEPH EUMONDSON of BG Sunbridge Road, Bradford in the County of York,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists of an improved construction arrangement and combination
of parts of mechanism to be employed in the manufacture of looped or pile_fabrics,
comprising a backing of canvas, or other suitable material into which the material to
form the pile is inserted by means of a needle or other instrument.
4
According to this my said Invention I insert the yarn or other material to form
the pile from one side of the cloth by means of a needle having an eye near its point,
und from the other side of the cloth a book or finger" is inserted into the loop
before the needle is withdrawn. This hook or "
finger" bolds the loop while the
needle is being withdrawn, and is being reinserted into the cloth to form the next
loop. If the loop is not to be cut the hook or "finger" is then withdrawn and
inserted in the next loop and so on, continuously. But if the loop is required to be
cut, the hook or finger" is still further pushed through the said loop which is cut
by a part of the book or "finger"-which-has a knife edge for the purpose. Instead
of a knife-edge attached to or forming part of the hook or finger," may use a
separate cutter, which can be actuated independently. Or by using a gauge, or
bolder inserted on the same side of the cloth as the needle (as described in patent
No. 11232 of the year 1888) I can dispense with the hook and holder, and use only a
cutter on the side of the cloth opposite to the needle. The-needle, the hook or
finger" and the independent cutter, are actuated by cams, and other appliances
similar to those well known, as applied to Card setting machines.
"
ແ
In instruments for the making of piled, or looped fabrics, such as are described in
patent No. 11232 of the year 1888, instead of making the frame which acts as a guide
for the needle and holder in one piece, as therein described, I make it in two parts,
and fasten that which guides the gauge into the cloth, with its guiding face parallel
to the gauge.
The part which guides the needle into the cloth, I fix on a centre, so
that in adjusting it to vary the length of stitch, it moves raidially, and thereby
always has its guiding face parallel to the needle when the latter is entering the
cloth.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention the following is a com-
plete description of same reference heing had to the accompanying drawings in
which
Fig. 1. is a sectional elevation of my improved apparatus employed in the manu-
facture of looped or pile fabrics.
Fig. 2. is a plan view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. is an elevation of the reversing gear.
Fig. 4. is a plan view of Fig. 3.
Figs. 5, 6, 7. 8 and 9. shew the different positions assumed by the needle and the
book or finger, when in operation.
Fig. 10. is a front elevation of the cams and apparatus connected therewith for
traversing, the slide carrying the hook drawn to enlarged scale.
Fig. 11. is an end view of Fig. 10.
Figs. 12. 13. 14 and 15 are details drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figs. 16. and 17. are plan views of my improvements in hand instruments for
knitting pile or looped fabrics as aforesaid.
In Figs. 1 and 2. at 1. is the backing or cloth into which the yarn is to be inserted,
it is wound on the rollers 2. 3 and guided by the intermediate rollers 4. 5.

page_text: The cloth is held in position by the set of guide bars 6. 6¹.
The needle 7. is fixed excentrically in the end of the spindle 8 which carries
the pinion 9. geared into a rack 10, which is moved in a slide 11 by the bent
lever 12 fixed on the reversing shaft 13. The spindle 8. is kept steady in either
of its two positions by the pawl 39 (shewn enlarged in Fig. 15.) which drops into
the notches in the locking plate 40 fixed on the said spindle 8. The spindle 8
(carrying the needle 7.) is carried by the slide 14. which travels to and fro on
the rods 15. 15¹.
Fixed to the slide is a tongue 16, which is held against the needle cam 17
(shewn enlarged in Fig. 12) by the springs 18, 18'.
The rods 15, 15' are held by the brackets 19, 19' fixed on the carriage 20,
which slides on its bed 21 in a direction parallel to the cloth. The needle cam 17
is placed on the square main driving shaft 22. which extends the full length of
the bed, and which carries and actuates this and other cams hereafter described.
These cams are free to slide along the shaft in either direction. Motion is given
to the carriage 20 by a screw 23 (preferably having four threads) which is actuated
by mechanism shewn in front elevation and plan in Figs. 3 and 4 respectively.
Attached to the carriage is a curved arm 24 carrying the hook 25 which has that
part of its edge marked 25' sharpened to a cutting edge. The hook 25 is pivoted
on a centre 252 to which is rigidly attached the arm 253 and is actuated through the
system of levers and links 26, 26' 262 by the cam 27 (shown enlarged in Fig. 13.)
on the drifting shaft 22. The centre 25' carrying the hook is borne by a sliding
piece 28 which receives a to and fro motion by means of a pin projecting into a spiral
groove in the small cam 293 actuated through the system of levers and links 29. by
the cams 30, 31 (shewn enlarged in Fig. 11) on the main driving shaft Figs. 10 and 11
shown enlarged in front and side elevation the two cams 30, 31, and the mechanism
for bringing the one or the other into action as required. The main shaft carries the
collar 32. (free to slide upon it) against which abuts one end of the spring 33 which
The other end of said
keeps it against the bracket 20 fixed to the carriage 20.
spring, abuts against the cams 30, 31 which in turn abut against the double
cam 34, 35. The main shaft revolves inside the cams 34. 35 by means of the
collar 36 the piece 34 is held from revolving by the pin 34' which fits into a slot in
the carriage.
The piece 3 is partially revolved by the reversing shaft 13, by means
of the lever 38 and link 38¹. In Figs. 3 and 4 23 is the screw before mentioned on
which are fixed two ratchet wheels 41, 41' with their teeth in opposite directions.
Into these gear respectively the two pawls 42, 421 upon the arms 43, 431 which are
placed loosely on the end of the screw 23 and are actuated respectively by the
cams 44, 44. They are kept tight against the cams by the springs 45, 45'. Between
the two arms is the cam 46. which by means of the pins 47, 47' in the pawls 42, 42¹
lifts the said pawls alternately out of gear. The cam 46, is actuated through a link
attached to the arm 48 by a lever on the reversing shaft 13.
Towards one end of the reversing shaft 13 is fixed a finger 49, and towards the
other end another finger 50 their distance from the end being determined by the
length of traverse to be given to the carriage 20. The discs 51, 521 at opposite ends
of the carriage travel with the carriage and are driven by the main shaft on which
they slide freely. They carry the pins 53, 54' projecting from their faces whicļi strike
the fingers 49, 50 when the carriage has completed its traverse in either direction and
move the reversing shaft as required.
―
The action is as follows -When the main shaft 22 revolves in the direction of the
hands of a clock, the cam 17 moves the slide 14 towards the cloth by means of the
tongue 16 and then slightly backwards bringing the needle into the position shewn in
Fig. 8. The hook at this point has hold of the preceding loop. The cam 27 then
moves the hook into position shewn in Fig. 9 when the cutting edge having
moved into the loop has cut the yarn. The cam 27 then allows the hook to be with-
drawn by the spring 26³. The cam 30 now moves the sliding piece 28 by ineans
of the system of lever and links 29 29, 29, 29, and the cam 29' so as to bring

page_text: the hook 25 into position for entering the loop. The cam 27 now inserts the hook
into the loop as shewn in Fig. 6 after which the cam 17 allows the needle to be
withdrawn into the position shewn enlarged in Fig. 5. The needle 7 is then stepped
into the position shewn in Fig. 7 by the motion given to the traversing screw 23
by the cam 44 moving the arm 43 the pawl 42 and the ratchet wheel 41. The cycle
of motions is thus complete.
If the loop of yarn is not required to be cut a cam (see Fig. 13) similar to 27 is
employed but the beak is altered to that shape indicated by the dotted line so that
the motion of the hook 25 on to its catting face does not take place.
When the carriage has reached the end of its traverse the pin 53 strikes the
finger 50 and tilts the reversing shaft so as to give half a revolution to the spindle 8
carrying the needle 7 by means of the pinion 9 rack 10 and lever 12. also to move
the piece 35 by the lever 38 and link 381 so as to bring the cam 31 into action
instead of the cam 30,-also-to-move-the-cam-46 (see-Fig. 3)-so-as-to-raise the pawl-42-
out of and to drop the pawl 421 into action. It will be seen that after this change of
the motion of the carriage 20 a sliding piece 28 carrying the hook 25 will be reversed.
The said motion of the reversing shaft also moves the cloth a step forward by means
of any of the well known contrivances for that purpose. The needle being placed
eccentrically in the end of its spindle has not only been moved half round but has
also taken a position in which the hook 25 will enter the loop on the opposite
side of the needle to that shewn in Figs. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
In instruments for the making of piled or looped fabrics (see sheet 4) such as
are described in patent No. 11232 of the year 1888 instead of making the frame 50
which acts as a guide for the needle 7 and holder 7' in one piece as therein
described, I make it into two parts 51. 52. and fasten that part 51 which guides the
guage 7 into the cloth 1 with its guiding face 53 parallel to the guage 7. The
part 52 which guides the needle. 7 into the cloth.1. fix on a centre 54 so that in
adjusting it to vary the length of stitch it moves radially and thereby always has its
guiding face 55 parallel to the needle 7 when the latter is entering the cloth.
In the position-shewn-in Fig. 16 the guage or -loop holder 7 is approaching the
cloth 1 and the guide pin 56 has passed beneath and has lifted the blade spring 57 against
the face 53 of the guide 51 and is returning against the edge of the blade spring 57
which has returned to its normal position and keeps the loop holder 7' close to the
side of the needle 7 until it has entered the cloth 1. In Fig. 17 the needle 7 is shewn
as withdrawn to its utmost extent the pin 56 having passed under and raised the
blade spring 58 and along the guide 59 to the guide 55 formed by the blade spring
on the one side and the edge of the frame 50 on the other and the needle 7 has been by
the cam surface 59 moved laterally the distance required for the next stitch, it is now
pushed forward into the cloth 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is―
1. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts employed in the
manufacture of looped or pile fabrics as herein described and as illustrated by Figs. 1
to 15) inclusive.
2. The needle 7 and tho holding or cutting hook 25 carried on opposite sides of the
cloth or backing 1 all in combination as and for the purpose herein described and as
illustrated by Figs. 1 to 15 inclusive.
3. The needle 7 fixed eccentrically in its spindle 8 for the purpose of reversing the
position of the needle 7 relatively with the hook 25 at the end of each row of loops
as herein described.
4. In instruments for the making of pile or looped fabrics as described in patent
.No. 1123288 in lieu of making the frame in one piece I claim as new. The frame
divided into two parts 51. and 52 that which guides the guage 71 into the cloth having
its guiding face parallel with the guage and the part which guides the needle into the

page_text: cloth being adjustable to the required length of stitch and always having its guiding face
parallel to the needle 7 when the latter is entering the cloth as herein described and
as illustrated by Figs. 16 and 17 of the annexed drawings.
Dated this 15th day of November 1889.
JOSEPH EDMONDSON.
By his Agent, Walter Brierley,
Town Hall Buildings, Halifax.