Im- PROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER TURLAR ROLLERS"
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Emile Constant Martin, of No. 11, Adam
Street, Adelphi, in the County of Middlesex, for the "Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER TURLAR ROLLERS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Emile Constant
Martin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st August 1865.
I, LOUIS EMILE CONSTANT MARTIN, of No. 11, Adam Street, Adelphi, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER TUBULAR BOILERS," to be, as
follows:
This Invention has for its object improvements in locomotive and other
tubular boilers. Whenever fuel is burnt, whether rapidly or slowly, it is found
that a certain quantity of carbonic oxide is produced which escapes com-
bustion unless the gases passing off from the fire be afterwards sufficiently
heated, but when thus beated the carbonic oxide is, if air be present, effectually
burnt.
To ensure the complete burning of the carbonic oxide I mount in the fire-
box of a locomotive, or other boiler, and immediately in front of the tubes, a
block of fire-brick or other suitable and similar material, and this block has
numerous boles or passages through it, corresponding with the tubes. The
fire-bars of the furnace are inclined so that the hottest portion of the fuel in
the fire-box accumulates at their lower end immediately under the perforated

page_text: block, and there are flues formed in the block, so that there may be a draft
from this thoroughly ignited fuel through the block which is thus in this
manner highly heated in the first instance, and then the carbonic oxide passing
through the holes or passages in the block and burning therein maintains and
further increases the heat. If necessary, air may be introduced into a small
space left between the back of the block and the tube plate; or as I prefer
the block may have a narrow chamber formed within it, which chamber divides
each of the holes or passages into two parts, and air is supplied to this chamber
by a pipe passing through the boiler like one of the tubes, but open to the air
at the end, and furnished with a suitable valve. The air thus supplied to the
chamber in the block passes to each of the holes or passages through it, and
thus mixing intimately with the heated carbonic oxide ensures its com-
bustion...
It will be seen from the foregoing description that the block occupies a
portion of the space at the upper part of the fire-box and does not descend
down to the fire-bars, so that the area of grate is not diminished. The draft
also is not interfered with.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Emile Constant Martin in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st February 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
EMILE CONSTANT MARTIN, of No. 11, Adam Street, Adelphi, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Louis Emile Constant Martin, Her special licence that I, the said Louis Emile
Constant Martin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER TUBULAR BOILERS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Louis Emile Constant Martin,

page_text: my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Louis Emile Constant-Martin,: do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in locomotive and other
tubular boilers. Whenever fuel is burnt, whether rapidly or slowly; it is found.
that a certain quantity of carbonic oxide is produced which escapes com-
bustion unless the gases passing off from the fire be afterwards sufficiently
heated, but when thus heated the carbonic oxide is, if air be present, effectually
burnt.
To ensure the complete burning of the carbonic oxide, I mount in the fire-
box of a locomotive or other boiler and immediately in front of the tubes a
block of fire-brick or other suitable and similar material; and this block has
numerous holes or passages through it corresponding with the tubes. The
fire-bars of the furnace are inclined so that the hottest portion of the fuel in
the fire-box accumulates at their lower end immediately under the perforated
block which is thus highly heated, in the first instance, and then the carbonic
oxido passing through the holes or passages in the block and burning therein
5 maintains and further increases the heat. This block has a narrow chamber
formed within it, which chamber divides each of the holes or passages into two
parts, and air is supplied to this chamber by a pipe or passage open to the air
.at the end and furnished with a suitable valve. The air thus supplied to the
chamber in the block passes to each of the holes or passages through it,
and thus mixing ultimately with the heated carbonic oxide ensures its com-
5
bustion.
In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the fire-box of a locomotive
boiler arranged according to my Invention, and other tubular boilers will be
similarly arranged when my Invention is applied thereto; Figure 2 is a
vertical transverse section; and Figure 3 is a horizontal section.

page_text: a, a, is the fire-box, within which is, by preference an inclined fire-grate b, b,
on which the ignited fuel is supported, it is however not essential that the
fire-bars should incline. At the lower end of the fire-grate the fire rests
below the holes in the block c, which I prefer to be of fire-brick or like
Imaterial. This block or structure becomes highly heated. The carbonic
oxide and other products of combustion of the fuel pass in a more or less
heated state through holes or passages c', c³, in the block or structure c, and
they thus become further heated, also at the same time they become mixed with
the quantity of air necessary to ensure the combustion of the carbonic oxide
and other combustible gas. This air passes the valve d, and ascends into the
passage or narrow chamber c², c, in the interior of the block or structure c,
and entering the holes or passages c', mixes with the products of combustion
from the fire-grate, and these together with the air mixed with them ignite
and enter the chamber e, and thence pass into the ordinary tubular flues f of
the boiler g, two of which only are shown in the Drawings. h is a valve or
trap by which access may be obtained to the interior of the chamber e to
clean it when necessary; i is another valve or trap at the lower end of the
fire-grate, which is opened when it is desired to clean and remove the clinkers
from the fire-bars. The valves h and i are mounted on axes, which are
arranged to be turned when desired, but they are ordinarily closed. x is a
valve of the ordinary construction to the ash-pit. The valve d is on an axis
which is to be arranged to admit of its position being varied, and the extent
the valve d is opened to be adjusted or regulated; k, k, represent the axles of
the carrying wheels of a locomotive engine in section.
The Invention is here shown applied to a locomotive engine boiler, but a
boiler maker will readily construct other tubular boilers aided by the description
herein given.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
ΤΟΥΤΙΟ TRAIT
CONSTANT MADDEN
EMILE CONSTANT MARTIN.
(“༩:༡)