ers, or Receptacles.
Year: 1885

page_text: Boilers, Containers, or Receptacles.
I, FRANK (FRANCIS EDWARD) ELMORE of 359 Clapham Road in the county of
Surrey, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL PANS, CYLINDERS, BOILERS,
CONTAINERS OR RECEPTACLES," to be as follows :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of metal
pans, cylinders, boilers, containers or receptacles, and has for its object further
improvements in the subject matter of invention comprised under the specifications
of applications for Letters Patent made by me No 1737 dated the 7th day of
February 1885, and No 4499 dated 11th April 1885, and N° 8707, dated the
18th of July 1885.
The object of this invention is to produce metal pans, cylinders, boilers containers
or receptacles by means of electro deposition of metal (copper generally) upon
moulds of form such as the article to be produced is to have. Where the pan or
cylinder which I desire to produce is open at one end, and is not undercut, that is
of such form as that a core can be easily removed therefrom I prefer to make the
core upon or in which the electro deposit of the metal to form the pan is to be effected
of steel iron copper or it may be of lead prepared properly that is if the metal is to
be deposited from an acid solution and the core is of iron or other metal attacked
by an acid solution I deposit on the iron first an adhesive coat of copper from an
alkaline solution of that metal the surface so produced I then prepare to receive a
non-adhesive deposit of copper from an acid solution of that metal. The core or
mould so prepared I then have mounted in a bath of copper solution (sulphate of
copper for instance) on a shaft so that it may be revolved or kept in motion-an
anode of copper (or it may be of carbon lead or other insoluble substance) is placed
in the solution serving as the anode which anode it is advisable to have bent or
formed approximately to the same shape as the form of the mould so that the
distance from any two different points of the cathode to the anode are about the
same, the anode is then connected to the positive pole of a dynamo-electric
machine or other source of electricity and the core or mould (cathode) is connected
to the negative pole of the same source of electric current.

page_text: As soon as the current has precipitated an appreciable film or coat of copper on
the mould I have a burnisher which may be of glass, blood stone, agate, or the like
similarly as set forth under the specifications of my before mentioned Patents, or it
may be of metal in which case it can serve the purpose of a conductor to complete
the circuit from the mould to the source of current. This burnisher will be fixed
or it may travel or oscillate so that it is continuously rubbing or burnishing the
surface of the deposit simultaneously with the operations of revolving the cathode
and of depositing the metal. When a sufficient thickness of copper or metal has
been deposited the mould can be removed from the tank be washed in water and
the deposit removed by shrinkage at varying temperatures or otherwise by any of
the means as set forth in my previous patents herein before mentioned.
When the pan or cylinder is of such shape as to prevent or inconvenience the
removal of the core I make the core or mould in parts or of lead or some fusible
alloy, or I may make the core or mould of wax or a like substance in which case it
is necessary to. metallise the surface which may be done by brushing them with
bronze powder or blacklead or by any of the well known methods.
Dated thin 9-111005

page_text: Boilers, Containers, or Receptacles.
by MD,
I FRANK ELMORE (FRANCIS EDWARD) of 359 Clapham Road in the county of
Surrey Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: +
This invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of metal
pans, boilers containers or receptacles, and has for its object further improvements
in the subject matter of invention comprised under the specifications of applications
for Letters Patent made by me N° 1737 dated 7th day of February 1885 and
No 4499 dated 11th April 1885 and No 8707 dated the 18th July 1885.
The object of this invention is to produce metal pans, boilers, containers or
receptacles or other like articles by means of electro-deposition of metal (copper
generally) upon moulds of forms such as the articles to be produced are intended
to have.
Where the 1 or other article which I desire to produce is open at one end
and is not undercut that is of such form as that a core can be easily removed
therefrom I make the core (upon or within which the electro-deposition of the
metal intended to form the pan is to be effected) of steel, iron, copper, or it may
be of lead, or alloys such as type metal and I prepare the surface in the usual way,.
that is if the metal is to be deposited from an acid solution and the core is of iron
or other metal attacked by an acid solution, I deposit first on the iron or other
metal an adhesive coat of copper from an alkaline solution of that metal, the
surface so produced I then prepare to receive a non-adhesive deposit of copper
from an acid solution of that metal. The core or mould so prepared I then mount
in a bath of copper solution (sulphate of copper for instance) on a shaft so that it
may be rotated or kept in motion. An anode of copper (or it may be of carbon,
lead, or other insoluble substance) is placed in the solution which anode should be
bent or formed approximately to the same shape as the form of the mould, as shown
in the annexed drawings, the result being that the distances from any two points
of the cathode to corresponding parts of the anode are about equal. The anode is
then connected to the positive pole of a "Dynamo" electric machine or other source
of electricity, and the core or mould forming the cathode is connected to the negative
pole of the same source of electric current.
As soon as the current has precipitated an appreciable film or coat of copper
on the mould I employ a burnisher which may be of glass, blood stone, agate, or
the like as set forth in the specification of my before mentioned patent N° 4499
of 1885. This burnisher will be fixed or it may travel or oscillate so that it is
continuously burnishing the surface of the deposit simultaneously with the
operations of revolving the cathode, and of depositing the metal.
When a
sufficient thickness of copper or metal has been deposited the mould can be
removed from the tank, be washed in water, and the deposit removed by shrinkage

page_text: at varying temperatures or otherwise by any of the means as set forth in the.
specifications of my previous patents hereinbefore mentioned.
When the pan or other article is of such shape as to prevent the direct removal
of the core or make the removal difficult, I proceed in the usual way and employ
a core or mould in parts or formed of lead or fusible alloy or of wax or a like
substance, and where necessary the surfaces should be metallized in the usual way
which may be done by brushing them with bronze powder or black lead or by
any of the well known methods.
In the accompanying drawings is represented the tanks and connections con-
structed and arranged for carrying out this invention.
Fig. 1 shows in vertical cross section bath and appliance for forming a boiler,
pan, or container with flanged man holes and middle junction flanges.
Fig. 2 is a like view showing a boiler or container of a piece.
Fig. 3 is like view of means for making pans with one side open (this might
also be flanged) or a container.
Fig. 4 is a plan showing three baths, and the connections and appliance with
the moulds or cores for 'the manufacture of metal receptacles according to this
invention and
Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section on line A, B of Fig. 4.
a is the tank in which the process of electro-deposition, forming, and burnishing,
of the article is carried on, the connections with the source of current being brought
to the bath substantially as usual, and the anodes are made as nearly as possible to
conform to the shape of the article to be produced; I arrange the anodes for a
greater part of the circumference at like distance from all parts of the mandril this
may be done by making the anodes in long thin strips, and arranging them in a
frame so that each shall be a like distance from the periphery of the mandril, this
greatly reduces the electrical resistance of the bath; in Fig. 3. b indicates the
anode. The cathode c is to be the core or mould upon which the article is to
be produced and this cathode is to be prepared as before described and to be
rotated during the formation of the article and is mounted for this purpose upon
a shaft d in bearings within the tank a. The bearings e in Figs. 1 and 2 are
such that the shaft & can be lifted into the bath and be placed into position and
are arranged on opposite sides of the tank. The bearings e in Figs. 4 and 5 are
made of strong rods bent and looped at the middle and fitted to receive the ends
of shaft d and are booked at the upper ends e' to clutch and hang on the top of
the tank as clearly shewn in the drawings-In Fig. 3 the shaft d is shown
supported at one end only on a pedestal, and in a block thereon, and in this
arrangement the article to be produced will be formed on the outside of the
cathode c as a whole piece; but when required the shaft may be carried through
and in such case the opening left after removal of the shaft may be capped or have
a plate or disc rivetted thereon or therein to finish off the article.
When the article is to be formed with flanged ends or portions, a plate c¹ is
applied to the core or mould as is specified for under my former patent N° 8707
dated 18th July 1885 and indicated in Figs. 1 2, 4 and 5.
The electric connections with the cathode is effected through the wheel ƒ of
shaft d and the band or brush g from the connections of the requisite pole as
described in my said former patent.
'
In Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 gearing is shewn for rotating the shaft d and cathode c
and it is to be observed that in placing and replacing the said cathodes and parts
in the tanks the driving pinion can be removed from its shaft and be readily
replaced when the operation of rotating the cathode has to be effected-In Fig.
pulleys and band are shown for the purpose of rotating the cathode.
In the drawings Figs. 1 and 2 h is the burnisher shown attached by a freely
working joint i to a suspending and connecting link k to which a slight rising and
falling or rocking or oscillating motion will be given as for instance by a cam and
strap on an overhead shaft.

page_text: In Figs. 4 and 5 the burnisher is hung on the shaft said shaft being free
to turn in its bearings m and by this means, whilst the cathodes are being placed
in or removed from the tank the burnisher can be turned up and over out of the
way. The burnisher may be formed of a series of burnishers mounted in holders
working in sockets of a bar or piece mounted as before described-n Fig. 5
indicates an overhead traveller for manipulating the work and o the dynamo-
machine-By these means articles of almost of any character size and strength
may be produced with finished surfaces and in an almost finished state and the
character of the metal will by the combined process of burnishing be rendered
very fine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and particulars
of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be carried into practical
effect I declare that what I claim is :-
Firstly. The improved means or apparatus employed for the manufacture of
metal pans, boilers, containers, or receptacles or like articles operated and con-
structed as and for the purpose herein set forth and shown by the drawings.
Secondly. In the process of manufacturing metal pans, boilers, containers, or
receptacles or like articles, the use of cores or moulds for receiving the deposit
of metal, mounted and rotated in combination with burnishers as and for the
purpose herein set forth.