IMPROVE- MENTS IN CRUSHING GRAIN, SEEDS, AND OTHER OLEAGINOUS MATTERS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Rowlandson and Charles Speck Brittain, both
of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CRUSHING GRAIN, SEEDS, AND OTHER OLEAGINOUS MATTERS, AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Sealed the 24th May 1878, and dated the 30th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Rowlandson and
Charles Speck Brittain at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
30th March 1878.
"
WILLIAM ROWLANDSON and CHARLES SPECK. BRITTAIN, both of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING GRAIN, SEEDS, AND OTHER
OLEAGINOUS MATTERS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
This consists of a large central drum or roll in bearings in the frame, arranged to
draw out through openings at the back when requisite for repairs. These openings
are usually closed, and the roll bearings held tight by stout blocks.
Radially round part of the circumference of this large roll are other smaller rolls
bearing against it, but clearing each other; each roll has bearings sliding in the
frame, kept down by cross heads and bolts or screws, which can be adjusted by
springs or otherwise, so as to be held tight to the roll, yet if necessary give way to
allow a stone or other hard lump to pass, instead of breaking the mill.
Each roll and bearings can be at once hoisted out of their slides without inter-
fering with the others.
There is a hopper by the side of the top roll to feed in the material by means of
a roller feed, or otherwise, in a regulated stream between the first small roll and
.

page_text: the main one. From thence the material passes between all the other small rolls
and the main one, and falls off on the other side crushed.
The rolls are made of steel, cast iron, or other suitable material, and are driven
from the main roll by wheel gearing or friction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Rowlandson and Charles Speck Brittain in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 28th September 1878.
WILLIAM ROWLANDSON and CHARLES SPECK BRITTAIN, both of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING GRAIN, SEEDS, AND OTHER
OLEAGINOUS MATTERS, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
The apparatus consists of a large central drum or roll in bearings in the frame
arranged to draw out through openings at the back when requisite for repairs.
These openings are usually closed, and the roll bearings held tight by stout
blocks.
Radially round part of the circumference of this large roll are other smaller rolls
bearing against it, but clearing each other; each roll has bearings sliding in the
frame, kept down by cross heads and bolts or screws, which can be adjusted by
springs or otherwise, so as to be held tight to the roll, yet if necessary give way to
allow a stone or other hard lump to pass, instead of breaking the mill.
Each roll and bearings can be at once hoisted out of their slides without inter-
fering with the others.
There is a hopper by the side of the top roll to feed in the material, by means of
a roller feed or otherwise, in a regulated stream between the first small roll and the
main one. From thence the material passes between all the other small rolls and
the main one, and falls off on the other side crushed.
The rolls are made of steel, cast iron, porcelain, or other suitable material, and
are driven from the main roll by wheel gearing, or other suitable appliance.
Referring to the Drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side section; Figure 2, end
view; A is the main roll carried in bearings B, B; it is driven by fast and loose
pulleys C, C; E, E, are the auxiliary rolls, of which there can be any desired
number, each preferably driven by spur gearing from the shaft of the main roll.
The bearings G of the auxiliary rolls slide in guides H, and are pressed down by
block I or cross head controlled by springs J, as shown; the springs can be adjusted
by screwed rods and nuts K. secured to the outer casing of the mill; L is a
deflecting plate to deflect the material to be ground from the bottom of the
hopper M (which is furnished with feed roll N) to the first roll. This deflector
plate also acts as a scraper for the large roller. The hopper can be adjusted
vertically by screwed rod O to regulate the quantity of material passing to
rolls; P, P, are plates forming the discharge hopper; Q, Q, Q, are adjustable
scrapers, and to which the hoppers, to prevent material passing over instead of
under the roller, are attached.

page_text: Having now described our Invention, and the best mode known to us of
carrying it into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we believe to be new,
and desire to claim under the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
1. The mode described of crushing grain, seeds, and other oleaginous matters, by
causing the material to pass partially or wholly round one large roll under a series
of smaller rollers revolving against the larger one, and pressed against it by springs
or otherwise.
2. The manufacture of roller mills for crushing grain, seeds, and other oleaginous
substances, having a main roll partly surrounded by auxiliary, and preferably
adjustable rolls, in such manner that any one of these rolls can be removed for
repairs, or otherwise, without interfering with any of the other rolls, substantially
as described.
3. The general arrangement of apparatus for crushing grain, seeds, or other
material, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Rowlandson, on behalf of myself and
the said Charles Speck Brittain, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Twenty-fifth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
0 Witness,
WILLIAM ROWLANDSON. (L.S.)
WILLIAM P. THOMPSON,
British & International Patent Agent,
6, Lord Street,
Liverpool.