IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gedge, of No. 11, Wellington Street,
T
Strand, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING." A communication from abroad
by Jean Vacher, Merchant, chez Monsieur Delorme, St. Etienne (Loire), .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Gedge at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1881.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent.
WEAVING." A communication from abroad by Jean Vacher, Merchant, chez
Monsieur Delorme, St. Etienne (Loire), France.
This Invention relates to an improved embossing-batten for ribbon and velvet
ribbon looms, which batten may be termed the batten with three teeth ("dents ").
This improved embossing batten is constructed with the object of simplifying tho
complicated mechanism of ordinary embossing battens, which sometimes carrying
as many as ten superposed shuttles for each piece of ribbon to be woven, have the
same mechanism ten times repeated.
In this new batten one mechanism suffices for working the ten shuttles, and
owing to its composition and the security of its action, the shuttles may with
certainty be moved in the desired order, and one by one as required, each of them
coming into contact at the desired moment with this sole mechanism, the mission
of which is to cause it to traverse the open warp of the fabric.
As in the ordinary batten, this improved batten comprises the fixed part of the
batten ("faux bois "), which carries the reeds ("peignes à tisser "), and the parts
iminediately connected with the transmission or plying of the shuttles; then the
ascensional or uplifting part which carries the supports of the shuttles superposed
thereon, herein termed cramps ("crampons "), and which actuated by a mechanism
termed the ascending or uplifting motion, carries one or other of the shuttles to
the opening of the weaving warp.
The two instruments or apparatus termed hereinafter the puppet or tappet

page_text: ("marionnette"), and the rack, which are ten times repeated in an ordinary ten
shuttle batten, are also single in this improved batten, but arranged as hereinafter
described.
The following is a concise description of the mechanical arrangements of this
new batten:-
&
Upon the fixed part of the batten at the side of each of the weaving reeds, and
behind each of the cramps, is arranged horizontally at the height of the fabric a
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vaucanson or band chain forming an equilaterial triangle, as it is set upon
three pinions placed at equal distances apart, one of the sides of this triangle being
parallel to the shuttles, and of equal length with thom.
This chain has three teeth equidistant from each other and the shuttles, having
at the extremities of their back part or heel two notches or recosses, the result is
that the shuttle brought by the uplifting mechanism to the height of the fabric,
attaches itself by its two notches to the two teeth of the band chain which are
facing the cramp.
This attachment is rendered certain by the existence upon the fixed parts of the
batten of a rod acting as guide, above as well as below one of the two teeth (of
which it has the transversal form), and upon which by one of their notches the
two shuttles slide in their vertical motion, so that the tooth takes the place of the
guide rod in this notch when the shuttle has reached the height of this tooth, the
other tooth placing itself with certainty and without guide.
If the band-chain which necessarily travels with mathematical regularity turns
to the right, it will drive the shuttle which will traverse the fabric from the left to
the right cramp; if it turns to the left the contrary movement takes place. In
either case the existence of a third tooth to the chain is necessary, in order that
two teeth may always face the cramp ready to receive a shuttle.
The band-chain is actuated by the to and fro reciprocating motion of a rack
placed horizontally under the fixed part, and extending the entire length of the
batten, which rack gears with a pinion placed at the bottom of a vertical shaft
secured to the fixed-part of the batten, and which is that of the right pinion of the
band-chain. The movement of the rack is due to the action of a pair of puppets
set in motion in the ordinary way.
As each of the shuttles must have not only the faculty of being able to go and
come immediately, but also that of passing from one cramp to the other without
immediate return and according to the necessities of the weaving, this result is
obtained by the following arrangement :-
The rack, although of one piece, is doubled, and has the appearance of a long
trough, the large sides of which are furnished interiorly with teeth. As this double
rack always makes its same to and fro motion, it follows that the pinion driving
the band-chain may travel several times on the same side, and cause the passage of
all the shuttles of the same cramp before a return, if the pinion which is in contact
with the rack, and which is placed on the same shaft as the preceding, passes
alternately to the action of the one and then to the other of the toothed branches
of the double rack in the middle of which it is placed. This passage is effected
by means of the "jacquard" mechanism, acting upon an incline with roller
("montagne"), turns a long rod in the side of the double rack which, by its
fastenings with this latter, causes the recoil motion capable of putting the pinion
out of gear with one of its toothed branches to put into gear with the other; this
movement being followed by the supports of this double rack, which may slide
upon a plate supporting each of them, and attached to the fixed part of the
batton.
The puppet set in motion in the ordinary way, which causes the to and fro
motion of the double rack, has two toothed vertical branches, which in their
alternate up and down motion actuate a toothed wheel placed between them.
Upon the shaft of this wheel is a second wheel of the same diameter which actuates
a small toothed bar (" régle ") placed intermediately between this latter wheel and
the double rack upon which it is placed, and which is joined thereto by a small

page_text: rod. The result is that the double rack may perform its ordinary to and fro
movement as actuated by the puppet, but it may also make the slight advance or
recoil movement desired without causing the puppet arrangement to be out of
gear, because the above mentioned small rod fixed underneath the small toothed
bar ("régle") enters into a long hole made in the double rack, where its existence
does not prevent the desired movement.
In order to ensure the stability of the shuttles at the moment that the batten
beats the fabric, a bolt worked by a lever set in motion by a tappet placed in front
of the loom enters into a hole made in the toothed bar, out of which it returns only
when the batten retires.
The ascensional or uplifting arrangement placed on the side of the loom beneath
the batten, and working the movable part of this latter which carry the shuttles,
to bring that which is to work into contact with the teeth of the band-chain, is
rendered much more certain than usual by the arrangement of vertical rods
equal in number to those of the shuttles, these rods being graduated in height and
carried upon pivot on a rotary plate, which making half a turn brings a sort of slide
with which the upper part of each is provided to seize, driven by the "jacquard,"
stop pieces carried by a balance lever or rocking piece in such a manner that
the apparatus termed the fork, in the grooves of which move the slides, places
itself at the height of the slide that has been seized and stopped, which determines
the equivalent height of the ascensional part of the batten, and consequently the
seizure of one or other of the shuttles by the teeth of the band-chain.

page_text: -
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Edward Gedge in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th April 1882.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, London, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING." A communication from abroad by Jean Vacher, Merchant, chez
Monsieur Delorme, St. Etienne (Loire), France.
This Invention relates to an improved embossing-batten for ribbon and velvet
ribbon looms, which batten may be termed the batten with threo teeth ("dents").
This improved embossing-batten is constructed with the object of simplifying
the complicated mechanism of ordinary embossing-battens, which sometimes
carrying as many as ten superposed shuttles for each piece of ribbon to be woven,
have the same mechanism ten times repeated, that is to say, as many times as
there are shuttles.
In this new batten one mechanism suffices for working the ten shuttles of each
piece of ribbon, and owing to its composition and the security of its action, the
shuttles may with certainty be moved in the desired order, and one by one as
required, each of thein coming into contact at the desired moment with this solo
mechanism, the mission of which is to cause it to traverse or pass through the open
warp of the fabric.
As in the ordinary damask loom this improved batten (see accompanying
Drawings) comprises the fixed part of the batten A ("faux-bois") which carries
the reeds P ("peignes à tisser ") and the parts immediately connected with the
transmission or plying of the shuttles, and the ascensional or uplifting part B
which carries the supports of the shuttles superposed thereon, herein termed cramps,
catches, or shuttle-boxes C ("crampons"); this ascensional part B being actuated
as usual by a mechanism termed the ascending or uplifting motion carries one or
other of the shuttles to the opening of the weaving warp.
The two instruments or apparatus, namely, the moveable rack-carrier puppet
("marionnette") or pair of vertical blades and the rack, which are ten times
repeated in an ordinary ten shuttle batten, are also single in this improved batten,
but arranged as hereinafter described.
The following is a description of this new mechanical arrangement as well as of
the modifications which its application renders necessary in the batten.
"
Upon the fixed part A of the batten at the side of each of the weaving reeds P
and behind each of the shuttle bearing cramps or catches C is arranged horizontally
at the height of the fabric a "Vaucanson or band-chain D, forming an equilateral
triangle (see Fig. 3) as it is set upon three pinions a, b, c, placed at equal distances
apart, one of the sides of the triangle being parallel to the shuttles and of equal
length with them.
In Figure 1 of the Drawings, the second shuttle-catch, box, or cramp has been
removed to show the arrangement of this warp, which is also shown, Fig. 3.
This chain has three teeth equi-distant from each other 1, 2, 3, and the shuttles
having at the extremities of their back part or heel two notches or recesses; the
result is that the shuttle brought by the uplifting mechanism to the height of the
fabric attaches itself by its two notches to the two teeth of the band chain which are
facing the catch or cramp; this attachment is rendered certain by the existence upon
the fixed part of the batten of a rod E acting as guide above as well as below one
of the two teeth (of which it has the transversal form), and upon which by one of
their notches the two shuttles slide in their vertical motion, so that the tooth takes

page_text: the place of the guide rod in this notch when the shuttle has reached the height of
this tooth, the other tooth placing itself necessarily without other guide in the
other notch. Each of the cramps or catches therefore has a guide rod E, which
may be fully seen in the part broken away of the third cramp or catch in Fig. 1.
The part of this rod which is under the tooth is simply a solid cylinder, but that
which is above this tooth is composed of two tubes m and m', which may play in
each other, and of a small rod i, which may also enter or issue from the tube m¹
and which is fixed at ¹ to the upper part of the batten. The result is that when
the ascensional part of the batten is as in the Drawing at its greatest height for
the passage of the lowest shuttle, the apparatus is lengthened so that the upper
shuttles do not escape from the guide rod, which folds, retracts, or shortens
according to the lowering of the ascensional part of the batten.
If the band chain, which necessarily travels with mathematical regularity, turns
to the right, it will drive the shuttle, which will traverse the fabric from the left
to the right cramp or catch; if it turns to the left, the contrary movement takes
place. In either case the existence of a third tooth to the chain is necessary, in
order that two teeth may always face the cramp ready to receive a shuttle.
The band chain is actuated by the to and fro or reciprocating motion of a rack F,
placed horizontally under the fixed part A, shown in horizontal projection at
Figure 2, and extending the entire length of the batten, which rack gears with a
pinion placed at the bottom of a vertical shaft H secured to the fixed part of
the batten; at the top of this shaft is the right pinion b, upon which this band-
chain passes, and the movement of this rack is due to the action of a double rack
with two supports or arms J, J¹ ("marionetto"), set in motion in the ordinary way.
As in order to work in the woof each of the shuttles must have not only the
faculty of being able to go and come immediately from one cramp or catch to the
other, but also that of passing from one cramp to the other without immediate
return and according to the necessities of the weaving, their return taking place
only once after they have all passed. This result is obtained by the following
arrangement :-
The rack, although of one piece, is doubled, and has the appearance of a long
trough, the large sides of which are furnished interiorly with teeth. As this
double rack always makes its same to and fro motion, it follows that the pinion b
driving the band chain may travel several times on the same side and cause the
passage of all the shuttles to the same cramp or catch before a return, if the pinion
which is in contact with the rack and which is placed on the same shaft as the
preceding, passes alternately to the action of the one and then to the other toothed
branch f³, of the double rack in the middle of which it is placed. This passage
is effected by means of the "jacquard" mechanism, which acting upon an inclino
with roller ("montagne") placed at M, turns a long rod N on the side of the
double rack, which by its fastenings n compels this double rack to make a slight
movement, which will put the pinion out of gear with one of its toothed
branches to put it into gear with the other; this movement being followed by the
supports h of this double rack, which may slide upon a plate supporting each of
them and attached to the fixed-part of the batten.
The vertical blades having an alternate up and down motion or moveable rack-
carrier ("marionette") J, J', are set in motion in the ordinary way. This
apparatus which causes the to and fro motion of the double rack has two toothed
vertical branches ff, which in their alternate up and down motion actuate a
toothed wheel K placed between them. Upon the shaft of this wheel is a second
wheel of the same diameter K¹ (Fig. 3), which actuates a small toothed bar L
placed intermediately between this latter wheel and the double rack upon which
it is placed and which is joined thereto by a small rod e (see Figs. 1 and 2); the
result is that the double rack may perform its ordinary to and fro movement as
actuated by the rack-carrier ("marionette"), but it may also make the slight
advance or recoil movement desired without causing the rack-carrier (" marionette")
arrangement to be out of gear, because the above mentioned small rod fixed

page_text: underneath the small toothed bar enters into a long hole made in the double rack,
where its existence does not prevent the desired movement.
In order to ensure the stability of the shuttles at the moment when the batten
beats the fabric, and at the same time to compel the shuttle, which might be
lagging, to entirely enter into the catch, a bolt p advances (see Fig. 2) sliding upon
a support p¹ fixed at the bottom of the fixed part of the batten ("faux bois"), and in
advancing causes the retirement of a friction roller q fixed to the toothed rule or
bar L, which is touched by the inclined plano of the head of this bolt, the end of
which enters a hole shown at p², Fig. 1. The play of this bolt is due to the
journey made by the friction roller in a way 8 (placed fixedly on the table
("banquine") of the loom), which forces the small jointed connecting rods t, t¹
(shown only in dotted lines), to act so as to draw or to push the bolt, according to
the position taken by this roller, which is connected by a rod t to a fixed point of
rotation R placed at the bottom of the fixed part of the batten.
The result of this arrangement is that the shuttle will by the complete
movement of the rack F be made to enter entirely into the cramp or catch,
whether it goes to the right or to the left; for the action of the bolt may be
produced as well upon the adverse friction roller g₁ as upon the roller q.
In order also to prevent the inconvenience of a false manoeuvre of the "jacquard"
tending to cause one of the shuttles of the extreme cramps or catches ("crampons")
to come out and fall to the ground, a small pivoting piece u (Fig. 1) is fitted near
them behind the fixed part of the batten. Its head ul placed level with the fabric
receiving the shock of the point of the shuttle, which would come out, causes the
body of this piece u to turn on its pivot u until the lower end u³ stops against a
fixed point v, which prevents the advance of the shuttle, the head u¹ of the piece u
forming an obstacle to its exit.
It is known that to bring the shuttlo which is to work to the level of the fabric,
the part of the batten which carries the shuttles is drawn to or pushed back from
various altitudes by rods (such as T), obeying the lifting movement of another rod
belonging to the ordinary "ascensional" mechanism.
This ascensional system is improved, and its principle is set forth in Fig. 4,
which is drawn to a reduced scale. For a batten having ten shuttles, ten equal
vertical rods U are jointed by gradations upon a palette or plate V, a semi rotation
of which lifts or lowers all these rods at the same time, each rod terminating at 4
. a sort of slider 5, sliding in a groove provided for each of them in a plate X, at
be top of which there is a driving rod 6 connected with the batten by the ordinary
intermediaries.
According to the shuttle which is to work, the slider which corresponds to the
height of this shuttle is stopped by the arrangement of catches 7, 8, which, placed at
two fixed points, may prevent the rising or the falling of the slider on the slide or
in which it is engaged on the plate X; so that by the connection of the slider and slot
of the plate X the movement of the plate V causes this plate X, and consequently
the driving rod 6, to rise into the desired position for the passage of the shuttle,
which will have been indicated by the card of the "jacquard" mechanism, which
acts on the catches 7, 8, by the drawing or non drawing of the cord g attached to
the pivoting piece y.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the Invention communicated
to me as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is or may be performed,
I claim, as secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent,-
Firstly. The arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described of the
important mechanism placed behind the shuttles, composed of a band or other
chain moving horizontally on three pinions and carrying three teeth, intended to
lead all the shuttles one by one, which may alternately attach themselves, by two
notches or recesses formed in them for that purpose, to any two of the aforesaid
three teeth; from whence this batten may be designated the three toothed
batten.
Secondly. The arrangement of the double rack forming only one piece, substan-

page_text: tially as hereinbefore described, which by its to and fro or reciprocating movement,
the gearing, with the one or other of its branches, of the driving pinion of the
band chain, and consequently the faculty of causing the passage of the shuttles
through the fabric, either with or without immediate return; and that with the
use of a single pair of vertical blades with alternate up and down motion
("marionette") always working in the same manner.
Thirdly. The arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described of the vertical
blades (marionette") with two toothed arms or branches, as well as that of
the rack or small intermediate bar, uniting the double rack, and finally the
mechanism termed ascensional, the principle of which is hereinbefore described and
shown in Fig. 4.
The whole forming a single combination of mechanism for all the shuttles, in
substitution of that which is repeated as many times as there are shuttles in the
ordinary embossing battens for ribbon and velvet ribbon looms.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Gedge, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.