Improved Filtering Receptacle for Substances from which Oil or other Liquid is to be Expressed by Hydraulic and other Presses.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 7th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 10th ec., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Filtering Receptacle for Substances from which Oil
or other Liquid is to be Expressed by Hydraulic and other
Presses.
I, LOUIS ROUMIEU, of Saint Mandrier, near Toulon, Var, France, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of receptacle with permeable
walls for the passage through them of oils and other liquids expressed from grain
or other materials that are subjected to pressure within such receptacles. For this
purpose I construct such receptacles as follows.
I arrange a series of rods or bars of metal or other strong material of circular
or other section closely side by side in a circle, the ends of such bars being made
to fit into circular grooves formed in strong annular plates at each end, such plates
having external projecting flanges by which they are tied together by means of
longitudinal tie bolts.
These
Over the outer surface of the cylinder formed by the rods or bars as above
described are fitted flat metal supporting hoops, the plane of the hoop being at right
angles to the cylindrical surface, so that the inner periphery of the hoop bears
against the bars of the cylinder, and thus affords them effective support against
outward flexure, while covering only a small amount of their outer surface.
hoops are placed at short distances apart, and they are supported in that position
by means of the before mentioned longitudinal tie rods which pass through holes
in them, and which have collars upon them, or pins passing through them on which
the hoops rest.
Into the interior of the cylinder constructed as above described fit loosely a series
of discs, the two end discs being of any suitable strong construction, while the
intermediate ones are built up of an outer ring or rings to which are fixed the ends
of a series of rods or bars placed closely side by side, which are furthermore secured
together by means of cross bars on each side placed at intervals apart, and secured
to the rods by tying.
The mode of operating with this apparatus is as follows:
The seed or other material to be acted upon is placed in layers between each
two of the said discs, within the cylinder, and this is then placed within the
hydraulic or other press, so that the plunger or ram can enter the one end of the
cylinder, bearing against the one strong end plate, the other end of the cylinder
being made to bear against the platen or other abutment of the press. On power
being exerted on the plunger or ram, this forces the end disc inwards, thereby
compressing the layers of seed &c. between the intermediate discs, and the oil or
other liquid which is expressed therefrom finds its way partly directly through the
small interstices between the bars forming the cylinder, and partly into the small
channels formed by the cross bars of the separating discs, whence it also flows
through the permeable sides of the cylinder, the bars of which however fit so
closely together as effectually to prevent the passage of any of the solid matter
between them. When the oil &c. has all been expressed by this means, the cylinder
is taken out of the press and the solid residue having been removed therefrom,
the cylinder is again filled with a fresh charge.
Dated this 11th day of January 1892.
ABEL & IMRAY,
.Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Filtering Receptacle for Substances from which Oil
or other Liquid is to be Expressed by Hydraulic and other
Presses.
I, LOUIS ROUMIEU of Marseilles in the Republic of France, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object to provide an apparatus for use in extracting
liquids contained in animal or vegetable substances, and more particularly for use
in the extraction of oil from oleaginous grains and fruits, with the assistance of the
hydraulic or other presses.
My apparatus is shown as follows on the drawing accompanying this Specification.
Figure 1 is an external elevation of the apparatus,
Figure 2 is a plan view of the same,
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a portion of the cylinder, and
Figure 4 a vertical section through the axis of a metal plate,
Figure 5 is a vertical section through the filter tube, and
Figure 6 a horizontal section.
My apparatus is essentially composed―
1. Of a hollow cylinder A formed of round metal bars B B, the circumferences
of which touch and they are solidly fixed by their extremities in two metallic
frames C C1, Figures 1, 2 and 3.
The rods B B are supported externally and at intervals on metal rings D D,
which are held by cross bars E E, connecting the frame C at the upper end of the
cylinder, with the frame C at the lower end of the same, Figures 1, 2 and 3.
2. Of metal plates F, which are formed by connecting several plates together
see Fig. 4, these being the plates for separating the material, fitting the cylinder A
with slight friction and having on each face raised portions G G, on which round
metal rings H H rest. The circumferences of these parts coincide and they are so
secured at their extremities that they cannot get out of line, Figures 2 and 4.
3. Of a filter cloth I tightly stretched in all directions, and placed in the interior
of my apparatus. The tension of this filter cloth can be regulated by means of a
tightening ring S, and it is protected against the action of the separating plates F
by a sufficient number of metal strips JJ, Figures 2 and 3.
4. Of a grating, or metallic cloth K K arranged between the metal bars B B
and the filtering cloth I for the object of separating the cloth from the bars, and
thus the openings or free spaces between the cloth and the bars, Figure 3, are
increased.
The working of the apparatus is very simple, and as it is more particularly
intended for use in the extraction of oil from oleaginous grains and fruits, I shall
only speak at present of the treatment of these substances.
After one of the separating plates F, already described, has been placed at the
bottom of the cylinder A, which plate is sufficiently retained by a slightly projecting
metallic ridge, a certain quantity of the material is inserted, on which a second
separating plate is placed, and so on successively until the cylinder is completely
filled with material. When thus arranged, the cylinder A is placed on the piston
of the bydraulic press, which is then set in action; the oil immediately flows out
at the points or lines of contact of the bars so much the easier and more abundantly
as the pressure is exerted parallel to the enormous filtering surface represented
precisely by the above mentioned bars constituting the cylinder, and as the
separating plates are themselves so many double filters placed in the midst of the
material treated. This easy flow of the oil, due to the flexibility of the bars, needs
to be regulated, especially when grains rich in oil are treated. The metallic
grating K K is, for this purpose, inserted between the filtering material I and the

page_text: bars B B, the effect of which is to separate the filter cloth from the bars, and to
increase the spaces or free openings between the cloth and the grooves formed by
the contact of the metallic bars which go to form the apparatus.
When the pressing of the substances is completed, the cylinder A is withdrawn
in order to be emptied, it is then re-filled and the operation continued as before.
In order that the work may be carried or more quickly a perforated tube or
cylinder L, Figures 5 and 6 may also be fitted to this apparatus, and on this tube
the rods M M all in contact, are fitted. These rods are solidly attached to the
tube which they surround and they are enclosed in a filtering medium N protected
by metallic strips o o. This tube thus prepared, constitutes an actual filter which
acts as follows-
The filter tube L is placed in the centre of the cylinder A which is filled with
material divided into layers more or less thick by means of metallic separating
plates, similar to the plates F, but perforated with a hole, allowing the above
named filter tube to pass through with but slight friction. By this arrangement
when the material thus placed in the cylinder A is submitted to the action of a
hydraulic press, or other device, the oil escapes simultaneously throughout the
entire external surface of the apparatus, and the interior of the filter tube L,
which latter receives, through the holes with which it is perforated, the oil filtering
through the points or lines of contact of the bars M M. The oil, extracted from
the material under pressure, thus partially runs away at the centre. This oil may,
as desired, be drawn up from the upper end of the filter tube, or may run away in a
natural manner at its lower extremity. In any case it is necessary that the piston
by which pressure is applied to the material, be provided with a hole or recess
sufficiently wide and deep to allow the filter tube to penetrate therein, in proportion
to the movement of the piston. A movable reservoir situated in this recess, allows
the oil, flowing from the filter tube, to be collected after each operation. Whatever
may be the material treated in my apparatus, the form and dimensions of which may
vary, and which may be formed with bars, rings, etcetera, of any suitable diameter,
form and thickness and made in any suitable material, both as regards the cylinder
proper, as well as the separating plates and the filter tube, I obtain increased
rapidity in the operation with a saving in manual labour, I dispense with the oil
sacks, bags, etcetera, employed in various industries, and especially in oil extraction,
and, finally, I obtain in one and the same operation, that is to say, by a single
pressing, a large yield so that other pressings may be dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
'
1. An improved filtering receptacle for substances from which oil or other liquid
is to be expressed by hydraulic and other presses, provided with any one or more of
the following
a. A hollow cylinder formed of round and flexible metallic bars, in contact on
their circumference, solidly fixed at their extremities in two metal frames
and held by metal rings and cross bars as and for the objects described.
b. Separating plates, placed in the interior of the above named cylinder, in the
midst of the material which is to be treated, formed as and for the object
described.
c. A filter cloth in the interior of the cylinder of the kind described and
surrounding the metallic bars which compose it, in order to insure the
filtration of the oil.
d. A metallic grating between the bars and the filter cloth for the purpose of
regulating the filtration and the flow of the oil.
e. A filter tube of the kind described in the centre of the apparatus for the
purpose of obtaining a simultaneous discharge of the oil by the outside and
by the centre and to thus increase the speed of the operations.
2. The general arrangement and combination of parts forming the improved

page_text: filtering receptacle for substances from which oil or other liquid is to be
expressed by hydraulic and other presses substantially as herein before described
and shown.
Dated this 5th day of October 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.