Improvements in Looms.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 26th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 5th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms.
I, ISAAC HEER of Zürich, Switzerland, Weaving Expert, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to novel apparatus for throwing, arresting and
changing loom shuttles; such apparatus may be employed with special advantage in
looms with a number of warp widths arranged side by side.
In the annexed drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of this shuttle apparatus, with two warp widths, and
three shuttles for each warp width.
Fig. 2 is a plan thereof.
Fig. 3 a cross section of the shuttle apparatus.
Fig. 4, is a cross section in another plane.
Fig. 5 a side olovation of the mechanism for changing the shuttles.
Fig. 6 a horizontal section through a shuttle box.
Fig. 7 a cross section' through the middle of a box with the shuttle therein.
Fig. 8, a portion of a sido olovation of a shuttle box, that is to say a plan of
Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 a plan of a shuttle box with an arrested shuttle contained therein.
Fig. 10 an elevation of a shuttle from underneath.
Fig. 11, a cross section through the middle of the shuttle.
Fig. 12 a cross section of the same at some distance from the middle.
Fig. 13 a cross section on one side through the shuttle.
Fig. 14, a front elevation of the mechanisin for actuating the pickers.
Fig. 14 illustrates a more advantageous arrangement of the same, when there is
only one warp width.
Fig. 15 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 16 is a side elevation of a loom with (in the present case) a horizontal warp,
in which the shuttle apparatus, corresponding to the foregoing respective figures,
is arranged on the sley L. The shuttle carrier, illustrated in the drawings as designed
for three shuttles per warp width, consists of shuttle boxes a which are arranged (in
the present case) radially about an axis b.
At both ends of such shuttle carriers are mounted discs b₁ correspondingly
provided with recesses for the axis and boxes. The discs ¹, one of which is toothed,
are divided by additional recesses b° (Fig. 5) into three segments which must
therefore be correspondingly fixed upon the axis and the shuttle boxes a, unless
for instance it be preferred to make the axis and the segments of the discs b¹ in one
piece.
These recesses 6° serve for the passage of the picking fingers h¹ and therefore
correspond with the shuttle boxes a.
The aforesaid discs bi are received in suitable annular bearings c, so that the whole
of the shuttle carriers are mounted so as to be capable of readily rotating. The
bearings c have of course only one recess cº each for the passage of the picker
fingers h¹. The teeth of the one disc b¹ serve to transmit motion from the carrier
shaft of the shuttle changing mechanism, as will be seen on reference to Figs. 1
and 2, and the side elevation of the shuttle changing mechanism in Fig. 5.
Since, as herein before described, the discs b¹, are interrupted as many times as
there are shuttle boxes, a special device is rendered necessary, to prevent the
changing of the shuttle carrier from being interrupted when a recess 60 comes
opposite the toothed wheel d¹ of the carrier shaft d. This device is formed simply
by a train of toothed wheels, consisting of the gear wheel &, and the reserve change

page_text: wheel do, so arranged that one of the change wheels (d'or d°) always engages in
the teeth of the disc '.
The whole shuttle apparatus is mounted on the sley beam L, a part of its
mechanism on the sley swords M, and on the frame N.
The sley swords (also termed lathe feet) are connected at top by a cross
piece M, suspended from the shaft 7, and capable of rotation about the latter.
The shuttle changing device consists of a train of toothed wheels acting upon a
toothed wheel d² which corresponds to the change wheels d' and is mounted on the
shaft d, and of a changing device which brings, it may be at each stroke of the sley,
another shuttle (or it may be another series of shuttles, or it may be shuttle boxes)
into position for the shuttle race.
Engaging with the toothed wheel on the carrier shaft d, is a toothed wheel p.
Upon the same shaft as the latter, is also keyed a small toothed wheel which
engages with another toothed wheel on the shaft w. The latter wheel is provided
laterally with a change wheels upon which acts a pawl t'. The latter is mounted on
the levert that oscillates about the shaft w, and it is pressed by a spring against
t"
the change wheels. The oscillating levert is connected at the bottom with a but t²
which is jointed to the rod u at u: The latter is pivoted at its other end to the
stationary framing of the loom.
When the sley reciprocates in the forward direction (towards the left in Figs. 5
and 16), it takes with it the whole of the toothed wheel gearing mounted on it. Now
since the oscillating lever t is held at its lower end, its upper end will oscillate
about ; the pawl will therefore drop behind the next tooth of the change wheel s.
When the sley moves back into the position shown, the change wheel is rotated,
this rotation being transmitted by the various toothed wheels, and the carrier shaft d,
brings the shuttle carriers into the requisite position for a shuttle to be picking (as
shown in Figs. 3 and 4).
In the Jacquard loom. the changing of the shuttles must take place during the
forward movement of the sley, and not during its rearward movement, wherefore in
this case the levert must be reversed, and its pivot u² (fig. 5) must be arranged in a
reverso direction.
The lever t may also be arranged as illustrated in Fig. 5*,
in
This arrangement allows the changing device to come into action at each pick or
shot (in which case, the fixed point u in Fig. 5 will become the fixed point
Fig. 5) and also corresponding to the action of the Jacquard apparatus to which the
cord w¹ leads.
The lover is suspended from a cord w¹ which in the arrangement shown in Fig. 5ª,
passes over the pulley u' to the Jacquard apparatus.
3 is a projection corresponding to the starting point of the lever t. is a spiral
spring which has a constant tendency to bring the lover t against this projection.
The lever t acts in the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5, when the cord to leads to
the Jacquard apparatus, in a manner corresponding exactly to the operation of this
latter.
If it is desired to effect a change after each pick or shot, the cord w³ is simply
fastened to a fixed point, for instance, it may be made to pass over the pulley u³ to
the point v¹.
The arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5. is therefore such, as to allow of a change
being effected by the Jacquard apparatus, and also at every oscillation of the sley.
When the placing of a series of shuttle boxes into the proper position has been
effected, the picker comes into operation. The latter, illustrated diagrammatically
in its entire arrangement in Figs. 14 and 15, consists of the picker bar h, running on
rollers (Fig. 1), and of the picker fingers attached thereto. The latter are
suitably bent, and project into the shuttle boxes (Figs. 3 and 4).
The straps n are jointed to the sloy swords M at n°. They constitute practically an
extension of the springs o, are guided at their lower ends in the frame n¹, and are
pressed by the springs o against corresponding pins of the picker bar h.
The bent levers m which are also pivoted to the sley swords, act with one lever arm,

page_text: upon the straps n, and are actuated through the medium of the other arm by means of
suitable devices from the driving shaft of the loom.
The operation of these picker mechanisms is alternate; viz. the left hand strap
being released, and the right hand strap being raised by means of the bent levers m;
the left hand strap n comes into operation by the action of the left hand spring o, and
vice versa.
The bar together with picker fingers ' which project laterally into the shuttle
boxes, or into the path of the shuttles, receives by the above described operation an
impulse such that the picker fingers change position from one end of the shuttle
boxes to the other end of the same. A series (in the present case two) of shuttles are
thus thrown out of their respective position in the boxes through the open warp shed
over the race k into the opposite boxes, and are there arrested by suitable devices
hereinafter described.
The pick or shot in the opposite direction is effected in a similar manner, whilst
the changing of shuttles takes place suitably without interrupting the operation of the
loom, and thus brings into the proper position the second, then the third, and then
again the first series of shuttle boxes.
If the said changing of shuttles is not to take place regularly after each shot, the
pawl of the shuttle changing mechanism (Fig. 5) must be thrown out of year by a
cord or other device from the Jacquard apparatus (or other corresponding device). It
is thus possible to remove the pawl t₁ from the change wheels, and to place it out
of operation for as many picks or shots as are provided for in the cards of the
Jacquard apparatus.
If the Icom has only one warp width (Fig. 14"); only the end pieces of the picker
bar need he employed if desired, each with a picker finger. These end pieces
are then suitably guided, and in this case the straps n or the extended springs o are
arranged between two pins in such a manner that these end pieces with their
picker finger, after having agted upon the shuttles, can be brought by means of the
springs o back again into the position of rest. With this arrangement,,the action of
the springs upon the shuttles is considerably strengthened; this may become necessary
with great width of cloth.
Figs. 10 to 13 illustrate a rolling shuttle, of special construction to correspond with
the arresting device in the boxes.
The shuttle boxes (illustrated in the present case as a combination of three), the
arrangement of which has been described before, consist of a case a open at both ends
and provided with a slot throughout (for the picker finger ). At the top is provided,
an opening a° for examination and observation of the shuttle bobbins.
Each shuttle box is provided laterally with springs a² in such a manner that the
respective wall of the box is springy or elastic, so that the entering shuttle A is pressed
on one side by the springs or the elastic wall and is braked thereby.
On the shuttle box is further provided the arresting lever g, against which strike
right and left the shuttles entering on both sides, and which has sufficient play to
allow the shuttles, whether coming from the right hand or from the left, to be arrested
always in the middle of the box.
7
The shuttle is formed on the side which is opposite to the lever with a groove gl
interrupted in the middle, the substance of the shuttle not having been removed at-
that place g
The shuttle is arrested by the lever g at this place g², so that when the shuttle is
in the position of rest, this place g' is situated exactly opposite to the arresting lever I
(Fig. 9). Although the shuttle is shown in the present case with the rollers i
and with a drum-shaped bobbin, it is to be understood that it is not limited to:
this construction.
The projections a¹ in the shuttle boxes are further unessential parts which when
the box is of comparatively great height (as illustrated), serve to prevent the shuttle
from moving out of its position.
Between the shuttle carriers are situated the bearing blocks & which serve as bridges
for the shuttles. These bridges k are furnished with suitable recesses for the picker

page_text: bar and for the carrier shaft d, and also for the reserve carrier shaft d, and are also
furnished with a slot for the insertion of the reed C (Fig. 4).
The picking appliances are connected with the main driving shaft of the loom by
means of eccentrics, levers and wires, the springs o together with the straps n being
placed in tension and released by means of the bent levers m. By the resulting spring
action, the picker bar h, as already mentioned, is moved in such a manner that the
picker fingers h' are moved from one end of the shuttle boxes to the other.
The shuttles are not limited in number; thus, in single shuttle carriers, any desired
number of shuttle boxes, or shuttles may be arranged radially about one axis b; with
the number of the shuttles the diameter of the shuttle carrier bearings c and of the
disc in fact the periphery of the shuttle carriers in general, also increases.
When only one shuttle box is employed per warp width, the same may be fixed, or
be arranged on a bearing block extending the whole distance in position corresponding
to the picker, in which case the movable shuttle carriers with the shuttle changing
,mechanism may be dispensed with. In the present example of the triple combination,
there are three shuttles per warp width, or six shuttles for both warp widths, which
comprise three series of two shuttles each (figs. 1, 2, 14, 15).
Corresponding to these three series of shuttles there are three series of shuttle
boxes, each consisting of three, so that there is always an empty box for the move-
ment of the shuttles.
For a shot or pick from left to right, the empty box would have to be situated on
the right hand, so that the shuttle in the middle-could be driven to the right into this
empty box, whilst the shuttle on the left would be thrown into the box in the middle
that has become empty.
For a shot or pick from right to left, the empty box would on the contrary
have to be on the left, whilst the shuttles would lie in the hoses on the right
and in the middle, so that these shuttles could be thrown from right to left.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms.
I, ISAAC HEER of Zürich, Switzerland, Weaving Expert do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to novel apparatus for throwing, arresting and
changing loom shuttles; such apparatus may be employed with special advantage in
looms with a number of warp widths arranged side by side.
Referring to the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification
Fig. 1, is a front elevation of this shuttle apparatus, with two warp widths, and
three shuttles for each warp width.
Fig. 2 is a plan thereof.
Fig. 3 a cross section of the shuttle apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a cross section in another plane.
Fig. 5 a side elevation of the mechanism for changing the shuttles.
Fig. 5 a side elevation of a modification thereof.
Fig. 6 a horizontal section through a shuttle box.
Fig. 7 a cross section through the middle of a box with the shuttle therein.
Fig. 8 a portion of a side elevation of a shuttle box, that is to say a plan of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 a plan of a shuttle box with an arrested shuttle contained therein.
Fig. 10 an elevation of a shuttle from underneath.
Fig. 11 a cross section through the middle of the shuttle.
Fig. 12 a cross section of the same at some distance from the middle.
Fig. 13 a cross section on one side through the shuttle.
Fig. 14 a front elevation of the mechanism for actuating the pickers.

page_text: Fig. 14 illustrates a more advantageous arrangement of the same, when there is
only one warp width.
Fig. 15 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 16 is a side elevation of a loom with (in the present case) a horizontal warp,
in which the shuttle apparatus, corresponding to the foregoing respective figures, is
arranged on the sley L. The shuttle carrier, illustrated in the drawings as designed
for three shuttles per warp width, consists of shuttle boxes a which are arranged (in
the present case) radially about an axis b.
At both ends of such shuttle carriers are mounted discs 6' correspondingly provided
with recesses for the axis and boxes. The discs 61, one of which is toothed, are
divided by additional recesses 60 (Fig. 5) into three segments which must therefore be
correspondingly fixed upon the axis band the shuttle boxes a, unless for instance it bo
preferred to make the axis band the segments of the discs bin one piece.
These recesses ° serve for the passage of the picking fingers and therefore
correspond with the shuttle boxes a.
The aforesaid discs are received in suitable annular bearings c, so that the whole
of the shuttle carriers are mounted so as to be capable of readily rotating. The
bearings chave of course only one recess c° each for the passage of the picker
tingers. The teeth of the one disc serve to transmit motion from the carrier
shaft of the shuttle changing mechanism, as will be seen on reference to Figs. 1 and 2,
and the side elevation of the shuttle changing mechanism in Fig. 5.
Since, as hereinbefore described, the discs b', are interrupted as many times as
there are shuttle boxes, a special device is rendered necessary, to prevent the
changing of the shuttle carrier from being interrupted when a recess 6º comes opposite
the toothed wheel d¹ of the carrier shaft d.
This device is formed simply by a train of toothed wheels, consisting of the gear
wheel and the reserve change wheel do, so arranged that one of the change
wheels (or d) always engages in the teeth of the disc b¹.
The whole shuttle apparatus is mounted on the sley beam L, a part of its mechanism
on the sley swords, M, and on the frame N.
The sley swords M (also termed lathe feet) are connected at top by a cross piece M¹,
suspended from the shaft 7, and capable of rotation about the latter."
The shuttle changing device consists of a train of toothed wheels acting upon a
toothed wheel which corresponds to the change wheels d' and is mounted on the
shaft d, and of a changing device which brings, it may be, at each stroke of the sley
another shuttle (or it may be another series of shuttles) (or it may be shuttle boxes).
into position for the shuttle race.
Engaging with the toothed wheel d³ on the carrier shaft d, is a toothed wheel p.
Upon the same shaft as the latter, is also keyed a small toothed wheel q which engages
with another toothed wheel on the shaft 1. The latter wheel is provided laterally
with a change wheels upon which acts a pawl t. The latter is mounted on the lever t
that oscillates about the shaft w, and it is pressed by a spring 2 against the change
The oscillating levert is connected at the bottom with a nut to which is
jointed to the rod u at u. The latter is pivoted at its other end to the stationary
framing of the loom.
wheel s.
When
When the sley reciprocates in the forward direction (towards the left in Figs. 5
and 16), it takes with it the whole of the toothed wheel gearing mounted on it. Now
since the oscillating lever t is held at its lower end, its upper end will oscillate about u* ;
the pawl will therefore drop behind the next tooth of the change wheel s.
the sley moves back into the position shown, the change wheels is rotated, this
rotation, being transmitted by the various toothed wheels and the carrier shaft d,
brings the shuttle carriers into the requisite position for a shuttle to be picking, (as
shown in Figs. 3 and 4).
In the Jacquard loom the changing of the shuttles must take place during the
forward movement of the sley, and not during its rearward movement, wherefore in
this case the lever t must be reversed, and its pivot u² (Fig. 5) must be arranged in
a reverse direction.

page_text: The levert may also be arranged as illustrated in Fig. 5º.
This arrangement allows the changing device to come into action at each pick or
shot (in which case, the fixed point in Fig. 5 will become the fixed point o¹ in
Fig. 5) and also corresponding to the action of the Jacquard apparatus to which the
cord w' leads.
The lever is suspended by a cord which in the arrangement shown in
Fig. 5, passes over the pulley to the Jacquard apparatus.
is a projection corresponding to the starting point of the stroke of the lever t.
is a spiral spring which has a constant tendency to bring the lever t against this
projection.
The levert acts in the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5"; when the cord w¹ leads
to the Jacquard apparatus, in a manner corresponding exactly to the operation of
this latter.
If it is desired to effect a change after each pick or shot, the cord w¹ is simply
fastened to a fixed point, for instance, it may be made to pass over the pulley u³ to
the point v¹.
The arrangement illustrated in Fig. 5* is therefore such as to allow of a change
being effected both by the Jacquard apparatus and also at every oscillation of the
sley.
When the placing of a series of shuttle boxes into the proper position has been
effected, the picker comes into operation. The latter, illustrated diagrammatically in
its entire arrangement in Figs. 14 and 15, consists of the picker bar h, running on
rollers (Fig. 1), and of the picker fingers attached thereto. The latter are
suitably bent, and project into the shuttle boxes (Figs. 3 and 4).
"
Parts n, hereinafter termed " picking sticks are jointed to the sley swords M
at. They constitute practically an extension of the springs o, are guided at their
lower ends in the-frame n, and are pressed by the springs o against corresponding
pins of the picker bar h.
The hent levers m which are also pivoted to the sley swords, act with ono.lever
arm upon the picking sticks n, and are actuated through the medium of the other
arin by means of suitable devices from the driving shift of the loom.
The operation of these picker mechanisms is alternato; viz. the left hand picking
stick being released, and the right hand picking stick being raised by means of
the bent levers m, the left hand picking stick n comes into operation by the action of
the left hand spring a, and vice versú.
The bar together with picker fingers h¹ which project laterally into the shuttle
boxes, or into the path of the shuttles, receives by the above described operation an
impulse such that the picker fingers change position from one end of the shuttle
boxes to the other end of the same. A series (in the present case two) of shuttles
are thus thrown out of their respective position in the boxes through the open warp
shed over the race k into the opposite boxes, and are ibere arrested by suitable
devices hereinafter described.
The pick or shot in the opposite direction is effected in a similar manner, whilst
the changing of shuttles takes place suitably without interrupting the operation of
the loom, and thus brings into the proper position the second, then the third, and
then again the first series of shuttle boxes.
If the said changing of shuttles is not to take place regularly after each shot, the
pawl of the shuttle-changing mechanism (Fig. 5) must be thrown out of gear by
a cord or other device from the Jacquard apparatus (or other corresponding
dovice).
It is thus possible to remove the pawl from the change wheels, and to place it
out of operation for as many picks or shots as are provided for in the cards of the
Jacquard apparatus.
If the loom has only one warp width (Fig. 14), only the end pieces of the picker
bar need be employed if desired, each with a picker finger h¹. These end pieces
are then suitably guided, and in this case the picking sticks n or the extended
springs o are arranged between two pins ³ in such a manner that these end pieces

page_text: with their picker finger, after having acted upon the shuttles, can be brought by
means of the springs o back again into the position of rest. With this arrangement,
the action of the springs upon the shuttles is considerably strengthened; this may
become necessary with great width of cloth. It may also be here remarked that in
this modified arrangement the change of shuttles can take place only after each to
and fro movement of the shuttle.
Figs. 10 to 13 illustrate a rolling shuttle of special construction to correspond with
the arresting device in the boxes.
The shuttle boxes (illustrated in the present case as a combination of three), the
arrangement of which has been described before, consist of a case a open at both
ends and provided with a slot throughout (for the picker finger ¹). At the top is
provided an opening a" for examination and observation of the shuttle bobbins.
Each shuttle box is provided laterally with springs a² in such a manner that the
respective wall of the box is springy or elastic, so that the entering shuttle A is
pressed on one side by the springs or the elastic wall and is braked thereby.
On the shuttle box is further provided the arresting lever g, against which strike
right and left the shuttles entering on both sides, and which has sufficient play to
allow the shuttles, whether coming from the right hand or from the left, to be arrosted
always in the middle of the box.
The shuttle is formed on the side which is opposite to the lever g, with a groove gl
interrupted in the middle, the substance of the shuttle not having been removed at
at place g².
The battle is arrested by the lever g at this place g², so that when the shuttle is in
the position of rest, this place g² is situated exactly opposite to the arresting
lever (Fig. 9). Although the shuttle is shown in the present case with the
rollers and with a drum-shaped bobbin, it is to be understood that it is not
limited to this construction.
The projections a' in the shuttle boxes are unessential parts, which, when the box is
of comparatively great height (as illustrated), serve to prevent the shuttle from moving
out of its position.
Between the shuttle carriers are situated the bearing blocks & which serve as bridges
for the shuttles.
These bridges are furnished with suitable recesses for the picker bar and for the
carrier shaft d, and also for the reserve carrier shaft d, and are also furnished with a
slot for the insertion of the reed C (Fig. 4).
The picking appliances are connected with the main driving shaft of the loom by
means of eccentrics, levers and wires, the springs o together with the picking sticks n
being placed in tension and released by means of the bent levers m. By the resulting
spring action, the picker bar h, as already mentioned, is moved in such a manner
that the picker fingers are moved from one end of the shuttle boxes to the
other.
The shuttles are not limited in number; thus, in single shuttle carriers, any
desired number of shuttle boxes, or shuttles may be arranged radially about one
axis b; with the number of the shuttles the diameter of the shuttle carrier
bearings c and of the disc b¹ in fact the periphery of the shuttle carriers in general,
also increases.
When only one shuttle box is employed per warp width, the same may be fixed, or
be arranged on a bearing block extending the whole distance in position corresponding
to the picker, in which case the movable shuttle carriers with the shuttle changing
mechanism may be dispensed with.
In the present example of the triple combination, there are three shuttles per warp
width, or six shuttles for both warp widths, which comprise three series of two shuttles
each (Figs. 1, 2, 14, 15).
Corresponding to these three series of shuttles there are three series of shuttle
boxes, each consisting of three, so that there is always an empty box for the move-
ment of the shuttles.
For a shot or pick from left to right, the empty box would have to be situated

page_text: on the right hand, so that the shuttle in the middle could be driven to the right into
this empty box, whilst the shuttle on the left would be thrown into the box in the
middle thai has become empty.
For a shot or pick from right to left, the empty box would on the contrary
have to be on the left, whilst the shuttles would lie in the boxes on the right and
in the middle, so that these shuttles could be thrown from right to left.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A shuttle such as A provided laterally with a groove g¹, which is interrupted
approximately in the middle by a projection g³, that strikes with one side or the other
against an arresting lever g arranged in the shuttle box.
2. A shuttle box such as a with springy or elastic wall and arresting lever g, the
former for braking, and the latter for arresting the shuttles.
3. In a loom having any desired number of warp widths and any desired number of
shuttles for each warp width, producing the movement of the shuttles by the action of
the springs o upon the picker bar h, or, if the loom has only one warp width, by the
action of these springs upon the end pieces of the picker bar /.
4. The changing device for shuttle boxes, consisting of a suitable train of toothed
wheels and an oscillating lever which is put into operation either by the oscillation of
the sley or by the action of the Jacquard apparatus substantially as described and
illustrated with reference to Figs. 5 and 5ª.
5. The complete passage in the shuttle carriers for the picker fingers, constituted
by the recesses º in the discs 6, the recesses co in the bearings c of the shuttle
carriers and the slots extending through the shuttle boxes a at the moment of the
shot or pick.
Dated this 26th day of March 1890.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.