Pattern Matching Apparatus for Looms for Weaving Tapestry Carpets and similar Fabrics.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 20th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 12th Mar., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Pattern Matching Apparatus for Looms for Weaving Tapestry
Carpets and similar Fabrics.
I, ALEXANDER CLAPPERTON, of No. 72, Chestnut Street, in the City of Yonkers,
Westchester County, State of New York, United States of America, Weaver, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows: -
My invention refers to looms and to improvements and attachments thereto for
automatically producing pattern blocks of uniform lengths in weaving tapestry
carpets and similar fabrics.
In the manufacture of fabrics consisting of a body formed by ground or body
warp and weft threads and a pattern surface formed by pattern warp threads, such
as pile fabrics of the various classes, a serious difficulty arises from the fact that
the patern warp is liable to run unevenly relatively to the ground or body warp so
that the successive blocks of the pattern formed by the pattern warp are long or
short, while it is necessary that the successive pattern blocks be of the same length.
and register accurately with successive portions of the warp strands so as to secure
the uniform appearance of a single breadth of the fabric and the matching of the
pattern in successive breadths when placed side by side.
The object of the present invention is to provide means by which the proper
uniform length of the pattern blocks and their accurate registry with different
portions of the body of the fabric shall be secured and any irregularity therein
automatically corrected by the action of the loom. I secure this result by com-
bining with the loom a pattern matching mechanism controlled by the pattern
warp so as to shorten or lengthen the pattern blocks, in case the pattern runs long
or short, and thus correct any irregularity in the pattern registry. Such matching
mechanism acts by adjusting the tension of the pattern warps in accordance with
the irregularity to be corrected, the tension being increased if the pattern runs too
short and decreased if it runs too long, and the mechanism is controlled by the
movement of the pattern warps. The invention, which may be embodied in
various constructions therefore, consists broadly in the combination with a loom
of a pattern matching mechanism controlled by the pattern warp, and in various
constructions and combinations of parts in looms embodying said invention.
In the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, illustrate an apparatus
constructed according to my invention, wherein a roll is rotated by a pattern warp
and wherein the pattern matching mechanism is controlled by said roll, while
in Figs. 8 to 13, inclusive a reciprocating member is moved by the pattern warp and
the pattern matching mechanism is controlled by said member.
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the loom inside the frame, with my
improvements attached thereto.
Figure 2 is a vertical cross section of one side of the loom on a larger scale look-
ing to the right from line 2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a detail enlarged view similar to Figure 1.

page_text: on fooking to the right from the line 4 of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a detail plan view of a portion of the matching mechanism.
Figure 6 is a detail section looking to the right from the line 6 of Figure 3.
Figure 7 is a detail view of a cam hereafter described.
Figure 8 is another diagrammatic side elevation of a loom embodying my inven
tion.
Figure 9 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the feed roller for the pattern warp
and its actuating mechanism.
Figure 10 is an enlarged side view of the let off and matching mechanism, the
view being on the side of the loom opposite that shown in Figure 8.
Figure 11 is an enlarged vertical section looking to the right of line 11 of
Figure 8.
Figure 12 is a section on the line 12 of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is an enlarged detail of the draw off roller and its feeding mechanism.
Corresponding letters throughout the different views refer to corresponding
parts.
The loom to which my pattern matching mechanism is shown as applied is sub-
stantially the same as the Bigelow looms now well known and in common use in
weaving tapestry carpets, so that a full illustration and description of this loom is
unnecessary, it being understood that the construction and operation of the parts
of the loom, aside from my novel mechanism, is or may be of any suitable form, and
that the matching mechanism may be applied to many other looms of the same
class or of other classes employing pile or similar pattern warps.
In the looms shown, A are the warp beams for the ground or body warp x, B the
pile warp beam for the pile or pattern warp y, C the heddles, D the lay, E the breast
beam over which the woven fabric passes to the draw-off roll F and wind up roll, G,
all these parts and their actuating mechanisms being of any common or suitable
construction and operated in any suitable manner, and the loops in the pile warp y
which form the pile surface being formed by pile wires I which are inserted and
withdrawn by any suitable pile wire movement, all as will be readily understood
by those skilled in the art.
Referring now to Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, the pile warp y passes from the warp
roll B downward over a roll a, thence over a tension bar 6 and thence to the
heddles C. The roll a in the construction shown is the roll previously referred to
as actuated by the pile warp and controlling the matching mechanism, and it is
important, therefore, that the roll should be actuated by the pile warp without slip
so that the speed of the roll will vary accurately with that of the pile warp. For
this purpose, the roll a is preferably faced with rubber or similar material, or
otherwise suitably formed so as to secure the accurate movement of the roll with
the pile warp. The tension bar b in the construction shown is a smooth faced bar
but it may be a roll, if desired. It will be understood that the position of the
roll a, as shown, is not essential, and that this or a similar roll may be placed in
any other position and mounted in any suitable manner to secure its proper move-
ment by the pile warp. If a roll be used for the tension bar, it is obvious that
this roll may be used to control the matching mechanism.
The shaft of roll a carries at one side of the loom a pinion 10 which meshes with
and drives a gear 11 formed on the edge of a disc c mounted on a stud 12 in a
bracket 13 supported on the loom frame, and this disc c carries on its outer face
two pins or projections 2 placed diametrically opposite each other. Between the
bracket 13 and the side loom frame is a U-shaped frame d carried by a bar 14
mounted to move vertically in brackets on the loom frame, which bar 14 carries at
its lower end a bowl 15 which engages cam 16 on a shaft 17 extending longi-
tudinally of the loom and having on its end a pinion 18 meshing with ah inter-
mediate 19 which meshes with a gear 20, which has fixed to it a bevelled gear 21
meshing with a bevelled gear 22 on the shaft 23 of the draw-off roll F, so that the
shaft 17 and cam 16 are driven from the draw-off roll, this gearing being so timed
that the cam 16 makes one revolution to each pattern block of the fabric, which
I

page_text: may be varied in length, but is usually about ten inches long. The cam 16 is
formed so as to permit the frame d to drop quickly when the cam reaches the
proper position, and, therefore, has a sharply cut shoulder, off which the bowl 15
drops. To permit this shoulder to pass the bowl 15 in running the loom back-
ward, as is sometimes desirable, the cam is preferably formed, as shown, with the
shoulder on a portion s of the cam which is hinged to swing rearward and into
the body of the cam as the shoulder is engaged by the bowl in the reverse move-
ment of cam 16, and thus allow the shoulder to pass the bowl 15. The portion s
is held in normal position and returned thereto when it has passed the bowl 15
on this reverse movement, by a spring 60, and the outward movement of the cam
portions is limited by the engagement of a stop surface 61 thereon with the body
of the cam.
el
may
The frame d carries two horizontal shafts 24, 25, mounted one above the other
and so as to rotate and slide longitudinally in the frame d. Upon the upper
shaft 24 are loosely mounted two sleeves e, e¹ which sleeves carry inwardly extend-
ing arms f, f and outwardly extending arms g, g¹, by which the sleeves e,
be rocked in opposite directions. The inwardly extending arms f, f¹ on the
sleeves e, e¹ are cut away as shown in Figure 5, so as to form a slot 3 between them
and these arms extend toward the disc c so as to lie opposite the pins or projections 2
carried thereby. Outside the sleeves e, e¹ the shaft 24 carries disks h, h¹, the upper
surfaces of which disks are provided with ratchet teeth and the lower surfaces with
gear teeth adapted to engage the pinions 2, 1 on the lower shaft 25 previously
referred to, and the sleeves e, e¹ have arms 26 which carry respectively weighted
pawls k, k pivoted to engage the ratchet teeth on the disks h, h₁ to rotate the latter
in opposite directions and these pawls are normally held out of engagement with
the disks h, h¹ by fingers 27 on the pawls engaging stops 28 carried by the frame d.
The inwardly extending arms f, fi on the sleeves e, el are normally drawn down-
ward so as to rock the sleeves e, e¹ into position to throw the pawls k, k¹ out of
engagement with the ratchets on disks h, h¹ by springs 29, and the downward move-
ment of these arms is limited by the stop 30 carried by the frame d and extending
beneath both arms f, f¹.
The lower shaft 25 in the frame d, which carries the pinions i, 2¹ engaged by the
toothed lower surfaces of the disks h, h¹ on shaft e, e¹ is provided outside these
pinions with disks 7, of such size as to engage the disks h, h¹ as the shaft 25 is
moved in opposite directions, and this shaft 25 is provided with a cam groove 4
entered by a pin 5 fixed in the frame d, so that, by the rotation of the shaft 25, it
is moved longitudinally by the engagement of the cam groove 4 with the pin 5 and
the shaft 24 thus moved with it in one or the other direction by the engagement of
one of the disks 1, with the corresponding disk h, h¹. The shaft 25 carries at one
end a toothed disk 8 which is engaged by a spring stop pawl 9 to hold the shaft
against accidental rotation. The same result may be secured by any suitable
friction device.
The tension bar 6 is carried by arms 31 pivotally mounted in brackets 13, of
which there is one at each side of the loom, so that the tension bar b is held against
rearward movement by the loop of the pile warp y, and one of these arms 31 has
fixed to it a horizontal arm 32 upon which is mounted a weight 33 which slides
upon the arm to vary the pressure thereon, and, consequently, the tension of the
pile warp. To move this weight longitudinally of the bar 32 and thus vary the
tension, the weight has a threaded portion 34 which engages a screw shaft 35
mounted in a bearing 36 on the arm 32, which shaft 35 carries two ratchet
disks m, m² arranged to be engaged by weighted pawls n, n¹, so as to rotate the
shaft 35 in opposite directions, and having extensions 37 on the opposite side of
the pawl, pivots from the pawls, upon which extensions normally rest the weighted
ends of levers o, o' which are mounted on a stud 38 in the loom frame, the other
ends of these levers o, o' extending respectively into the path of the arms g, g² on
the sleeves e, el, when actuated as hereinafter described. This end of the lever of
is formed or provided with a bent portion or hook 39, and the frame d carries a

page_text: projection 40 which is adapted to engage this hook so as to hold this arm of the
lever depressed and the opposite weighted end of the lever raised in a certain posi-
tion of the parts.
The pawls n, ¹ are normally held out of engagement with the ratchets by the
engagement of the weighted arms of levers o, o¹ with the extensions 37 and these
pawls n, n¹ are carried by a lever 41 moving concentrically with the ratchet disks
and reciprocated by connecting rod 42, and lever 43 actuated by cam 44 which
may be driven from the main driving shaft in any suitable manner, this cam being
arranged and driven so as to secure the desired movement of the pawls n; n¹.
The operation is as follows:-
it
As the pile warp y passes from the warp beam B over rubber faced roll a,
drives the latter and thus through the pinion 10 drives the disc c carrying the
pins 2, and by the cam 16 on shaft 17' the frame d is reciprocated vertically once
to the formation of each pattern block of the fabric so as to carry the inwardly
extending arms f, f¹ of the sleeves e, el across the path of one of the pins 2, as
the frame drops. As long as the movement of the pile warp is such that the proper
registry of the pattern warp and the formation of uniform pattern blocks is
secured, the roll a and disc c are rotated by the pile warp at such a speed that
one of the pins 2 on the disc c is opposite the slot 3 formed between the arms f, f¹,
when the frame d drops, so that these arms always pass the pin freely and no
action of the matching mechanism is obtained.
If, however, the pattern warp runs out of register so that a pattern block is
not of the proper length, the pile warp y will be drawn off the beam B slower or
faster according as the pattern is long or short, and the roll a and disc c will
thus be rotated slower or faster by the pile warp, and one of the pins 2 instead
of lying opposite the slot 3 between the arms f, f¹ when the frame d is lowered,
so as to allow the free passage of the arms past the pin, will lie in the path of one
or the other of the arms f, f¹, according as the movement of the pile warp is
slow or fast, so as to actuate it and thus cause the shifting of the weight 33 by
the rotation of shaft 35 and thus diminish or increase the leverage of the
weight on the tension bar b, and thus diminish or increase the tension on the pile
warp which will shorten or lengthen the pattern blocks and thus bring the
pattern again into registry.
Let us suppose that the irregularity is such that the pattern block is long, so
that any point of the pattern does not reach the proper point. In such case the
pile warp y is drawn off the beam B more slowly and the consequent slow move-
ment of the roll a will rotate the disc c at such speed that the pin 2 will not have
reached the slot 3 when a downward movement of the frame d takes place. Con-
sequently as the frame d drops, the arm f on the sleeve e, which is the right hand
arm in Figures 3 and 5, will strike the pin 2 and be thrown up so as to rotate the
sleeve e and throw the arm g down. As this arm g is thrown down, it will strike
the end of the weighted lever o which projects into its path when thus lowered
and throw up the opposite weighted end of this lever o from the projection 37 on
weighted pawl n and thus release the latter and allow it to drop into engagement
with the ratchet disk m, and the reciprocation of the lever 41 by the cam 44
through lever 43 and connecting rod 42 then actuates the ratchet disc m so as to
rotate the shaft 35 to the right in Figure 4, and move the weight 33 on arm 32
to the left in Figure 3, which shortens the leverage of the weight 33 on arm 32
on the tension bar b and thus decreases the tension on the pile warp so that
the pile warp is taken up to a greater extent in forming the pile surface and the
pattern blocks correspondingly shortened.
If the pattern he short, so that the tension upon the pile warp is to be increased,
the pile warp
will be drawn off the beam B more rapidly, and the operation is
the same except that the pin 2 on the disc e will have been carried past the slot 3
by the faster movement of the roll a at the time the frame d moves downward
and the other arm f¹ will strike a pin 2 and, through the arm g', weighted lever o¹,

page_text: pawl n, and ratchet disk m², cause the rotation of the screw shaft 35 in the
opposite direction or to the left in Figure 4, so as to move the weight 33 on arm 32
to the right in Figure 3, and thus increase the leverage of the weight upon the
tension bar b and increase the tension of the pile warp, so that the pile warp will
not be taken up so much in forming the pile and the pattern blocks will thus be
lengthened and registry again secured.
For the purpose of moving the shaft 24 longitudinally in the frame d so as to
move the arms f f¹ to the right or left and thus bring the slot 3 into proper
registry with the pin 2, after the matching mechanism has been operated as above
described, so as to correct any irregularity, and so that the matching mechanism
will not be operated on the next downward movement of the frame d, the shaft 25
is moved longitudinally so as to shift the shaft 24 and arms f, f¹ to one side or
the other to bring the slot 3 over the next pin 2. This feature is important,
although fair results may be attained without it, as it secures a closer registry.
The desirability of this feature results from the fact that the correction of the
registry after the shifting of the weight sufficiently for this purpose, is gradual
and extends over several successive pattern blocks, so that the movement of the
roll a by the pile warp y may not bring the pin 2 opposite the slot 3 in time for the
next downward movement of the frame d, so that the matching mechanism will
be actuated again and the weight thus shifted and the tension diminished or
increased too much for securing close registry.
As one or the other of the sleeves e, e¹ is rotated by the engagement of one of
the arms f, f with a pin 2, the corresponding pawl kor k¹ carried by the sleeve e
or el engages the ratchet portion of the disk h or h¹ and thus, through the toothed
portion of the disk and pinion or rotates the shaft 25 in one or the other
direction, and, by the engagement of the cam groove 4 with the fixed pin 5, moves
the shaft 25 longitudinally to the right or left in Figure 3, which, by the engage-
ment of the disk or with the disk h or h¹, moves similarly the shaft 24, so as
to shift the sleeves e, e¹ and their arms f, f¹ sidewise to bring the slot 3 into
registry with the pin 2 on the next downward movement of the frame d, if this
movement is sufficient for that, purpose, which will be the case if the previous
action of the matching mechanism is sufficient to secure the proper registry of the
pile warp.
If the pattern is but slightly out of registry a single action of the matching
mechanism by the engagement of one of the arms f, f¹ with a pin 2 on a single
downward movement of the frame d will be sufficient to correct the registry. If,
however, the pattern is far out of registry, so that the slot 3 does not register
with the pin 2 at the next downward movement of the frame d, the action will be
repeated and the lack of registry corrected partially on successive pattern blocks
until registry is secured. In the construction shown, three successive actions
of the matching mechanism are sufficient to correct any possible irregularity, but
the construction may be varied as desired in this respect. As shown, the frame d
makes one movement to each pattern block and two movements to each rotation
of the disc c, and the latter, therefore, rotates once to each two pattern blocks and
carries two pins, but it will be understood that this is not essential, as the timing
of the frame d and the disc c and the number of pins carried thereby may be
raried, and, for convenience will depend somewhat upon the length of the pattern
blocks.
It is obvious that, in the construction shown, as the pins 2 on disc c are moving
toward the slot in passing arm f, a pin 2 may pass the arm f without moving it
sufficiently to cause the desired movement of the matching mechanism, if the
registry be only slightly incorrect so that the pin 2, when the frame d drops, has
reached a point close to the slot edge of the arm f. As the pin 2 is moving away.
from the slot 3 as it passes arm f¹, this difficulty does not occur in the case of the
latter arm.
For the purpose of avoiding this difficulty in the case of arm f and

page_text: securing the desired action of the matching mechanism, although the registry be
but slightly incorrect, so that the pin 2 would pass into line with the slot 3 with-
out the matching mechanism being operated as desired, the hooked end 39 of
the lever o and the projection 40 on the frame d are employed. As the arm g,
thrown downward by the rocking of the sleeve e by the engagement of arm f with
pin 2, throws the hooked end of the lever o downward on the descent of the frame d,
the hook 39 catches under the projection 40 so as to be held downward thereby
and the weighted end of the lever o is thus held raised off the pawl n until the
frame d moves upward so as to release the hook 39 and lever o.
Referring now to Figures 8 to 13, inclusive the draw-off roll F is operated by
lever 50 carrying the pawl 51 engaging a ratchet on the end of the draw-off roll.
The pile warp y passes from the warp roll B downward under a roll r the
bearings of which are mounted to move in slots 52 in supports 53 and then over. a
roll p having a roughened surface so that the pattern warp will not slip on the
surface of the roll, but the roll p will positively draw it forward as the roll is
rotated by means presently to be described. From the roll p, the pile warp passes
to the heddles C over the tension bar or roll 9, which is carried by arms 49 mounted
on studs at opposite ends of the machine and connected at one end by arm 48 to
the sleeve 47 mounted on the same stud as arm 49 and carrying a rearwardly
extending arm t on which is a weight u adjustable in position longitudinally of
the arm, so as to secure the desired normal pressure upon and tension of the pile
warps y. The rear end of this arm t is slotted or forked and moves upon a vertical
bar 54 between two springs v, v coiled upon the bar. The tension bar in the
construction shown is a smooth faced bar, but it may be a roll, if desired, and it
will be understood that the location of this tension bar, as shown, is not essential
and that it may be placed in any other position and mounted in any suitable
manner, so as to secure its proper movement by the pile warp.
The shaft of roll p carries a ratchet wheel 55 which is engaged by a pawl 56
carried by a vertically swinging pawl lever 57 connected by a link 58
to a lever 59 actuated to rotate the roll p by a cam 46 and returned
to position by the spring 45. The roll p thus forms a part of the let
off mechanism for the pile warp and acts to let off or feed intermittently the warp
drawn off the warp beam B. The beam B is directly actuated to let off the warp
for the roll p, by let off mechanism of any suitable form which is controlled by the
rotation of the roll p through the movement of the tension roll r, this let off
mechanism being shown as of a form common in such constructions, the novel
feature of this part of the construction consisting in the control of this let off. In
the let off construction shown, the warp roll B carries a gear 62 at one end by
which the roll is rotated by a worm 63 carried by shaft 64 and this shaft 64
carries a ratchet wheel 65 which is engaged by a spring pressed pawl 4 carried
by a weighted pawl lever 66 swinging on shaft 64 and actuated by a slotted link 67
engaging pin 5 on the lever, this link 67 connecting with a lever 68 actuated by
a cam 69 to rotate the shaft 64 and returned by a spring 70.
The control of this mechanism is secured by an inwardly projecting toe 6 ou
the lever 66, which is normally engaged by a swinging catch 71 which is spring
pressed to throw it towards the toe 6 by a coiled spring 7 on its pivot and is thus
thrown into position to engage the toe 6 at each feeding movement of the weighted
lever as actuated by the link 67. This catch 71 carries a pin 72 which is engaged
by a trip lever 73 pivoted at a fixed point on support 74 and actuated by link 75
connected to the roll r, this lever 73, when its outer end is raised by the upward
movement of roller r acting on the pin 72 on catch 71 to draw the catch back
and release the toe 6 of the lever 66. As will be seen from Figure 11 which
shows the position of the parts with the catch 71 engaging the toe 6 so as to
hold this part of the lever 66 depressed and the other or actuating arm of the
lever 66 raised, the pin 5 is then held at the upper end of the slot in the link 67
so that the upward movement of the link 67 does not actuate the lever. There is,
therefore, no rotation of the shaft 64 by the pawl 4 as link 67 is raised, except

page_text: when the catch 71 is thrown out by the trip lever 73 actuated by the upward
movement of the roll r, and this upward movement of the roll r takes place only
as it is moved to the upper end of its slot by the drawing off of the pile warp by
roller p, as the latter is rotated.
It is sometimes necessary to throw the draw off roll F out of operation, and it
is desirable that, when this is done, the roll p shall be similarly thrown out of
operation, so that the pile warp will not be drawn off thereby, but the pile warp
held under proper tension during the stopping of the draw off roll F.
I have shown a simple means for this purpose in which the pawl 51 for actu-
ating the draw off roll Fis thrown out of engagement by a slotted arm 76 on
a rock shaft 77 having a handle arm 78 so that, by moving the latter to the left,
the pawl 51 is thrown out of engagement with the ratchet for draw off roll F,
and this rock shaft carries an arm 79 which is connected by a link 80 to a lever 81
which, as the pawl 51 is thrown out by the movement of handle arm 78, engages
the pawl 56 and throws it out of position to engage the ratchet 55 on roll P the
levers 50 and 57 then moving idly without rotating either the draw off roll For
the roll p.
It will be understood that this device is not essential, but such means
are preferably used and in itself forms a specific feature of the invention.
The operation is as follows:-
As the roll is rotated intermittently by the cam 46 and connections, it draws
off and feeds forward the desired amount of pile warp, the tension upon which
is preserved by the weighted arm t acting upon the tension bar q, the arm t being
lowered as the pile warp is taken up in the pattern, so that the rear end of the
arm plays up and down on the rod 54 between the springs vand v. The slack
in the pile warp between the warp beam B and roll p is taken up by the inter-
mittent motion of the roll p which lets off less warp at each operation than the
warp beam and the roll thus raised in the slots 52. When this roll r has been
raised so as to actuate the lever 73 to draw the catch 71 out of engagement. with
the toe 6 on the pawl 66, the weighted end of this lever withdraws the lever and
pawl so that the pin 5 is at the lower end of the slot in the link 67 and on the next
movement of the link actuated by cam 69 the pawl lever 66 is act..ated to rotate
the shaft 64 through ratchet 65 and thus rotate the roll p to let off the required
amount of pile warp which is taken up by the downward movement of the tension
roll in the slots 52. This downward movement of the roll actuates the lever 73
to release the pin 72 on catch 71 and the latter is thrown in by spring 7 so as to
engage the toe 4 and thus hold the pawl lever 66 out of position to be actuated by
the link 67 until the next upward movement of the roll r again releases the catch 71.
If the pile warp runs out of registry, so that a pattern block is not of the proper
length, the pile warp y will be taken up slower or faster according as the pattern
is long or short, and the pattern will be shortened in the first case by decreasing
the tension upon the pile warp so that the warp will be taken up more rapidly by
the pile loops of the pattern, and the pattern will be lengthened in the second.
case by increasing the tension upon the pile warp so as to draw the pile loops
more tightly.
These results are secured by the rear end of the weighted arm and the
springs r, as follows: If the pattern runs short, so that the pile warp is
taken up more rapidly, the arm t will be raised by the taking up of the warp so
as to move the rear end of the arm t into contact with and to press upon the
upper spring, as it is obvious that this movement of the arm t depends upon the
rapidity with which the pile warp is taken up. As the rear end of the arm t
comes into contact with and presses upon the spring r, the resistance of the
weight u to the further movement of the arm t and the taking up of the pile
warp in the pattern is increased by the pressure upon the spring r, the spring
securing a yielding or gradual increase of this pressure and thus of the tension
upon the pile warp. This increase in tension acts to draw the pile loops more
tightly and thus o lengthen the pattern so as to correct the irregularity.
If the pattern runs too long, the action is just the reverse, the pile warp being

page_text: taken up more slowly and it being necessary to increase the tension upon the pile.
warp so as to shorten the pattern. This result is attained by the engagement of
the arm with the bottom spring vl as the arm lowers under the excess of tension
and slower taking up of the pile warp, and the weight of the arm is thus supported
in part by the spring and the tension upon the pile warp thus gradually decreased
so as to shorten the pattern and correct the irregularity. In this class of looms
it is frequently desirable to change the feed of the roller p for weaving different
grades of material. This may be done in the construction shown by increasing
or decreasing the amount of frequency of movement of the roll p, which may
readily be provided for by change speed gearing between the ratchet wheel 55
and roll p, or other suitable means for varying the feed of the pattern warp.
It will be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the construc-
tion shown, but that many modifications may be made therein by those skilled in
the art without departing from the invention.
Dad thin 97th day of April 1897
DAY, DAVIES, & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.
Agents for the Applicant.
Pattern Matching Apparatus for Looms for Weaving Tapestry
Carpets and similar Fabrics.
I, ALEXANDER CLAPPERTON, of 72 Chestnut Street, in the City of Yonkers,
Westchester County, State of New York, United States of America, Weaver, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
_
My invention refers to looms and to improvements and attachments thereto for
automatically producing pattern blocks of uniform lengths in weaving tapestry
carpets and similar fabrics.
In the manufacture of fabrics consisting of a body formed by ground or body
warp and weft threads and a pattern surface formed by pattern warp threads, such
as pile fabrics of the various classes, a serious difficulty arises from the fact that
the pattern warp is liable to run unevenly relatively to the ground or body warp
so that the successive blocks of the pattern formed by the pattern warp are long
or short, while it is necessary that the successive pattern blocks be of the same
length and register accurately with successive portions of the warp strands so as
to secure the uniform appearance of a single breadth of the fabric and the match-
ing of the pattern in successive breadths when placed side by side.
The object of the present invention is to provide means by which the proper
uniform length of the pattern blocks and their accurate registry with different
portions of the body of the fabric shall be secured and any irregularity therein
automatically corrected by the action of the loom. I secure this result by com-
bining with the loom a pattern matching mechanism controlled by the pattern
warp so as to shorten or lengthen the pattern blocks, in case the pattern runs long
or short, and thus correct any irregularity in the pattern registry. Such matching
mechanism acts by adjusting the tension of the pattern warps in accordance with
the irregularity to be corrected, the tension being increased if the pattern runs too
short and decreased if it runs too long, and the mechanism is controlled by the
movement of the pattern warps. The invention, which may be embodied in various
constructions therefore, consists broadly in the combination with a loom of a

page_text: pattern matching mechanism controlled by the pattern warp, and in various
constructions and combinations of parts in looms embodying said invention.
In the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, illustrate an apparatus
constructed according to my invention, wherein a roli is rotated by a pattern warp
and wherein the pattern matching mechanism is controlled by said roll, while in 8
to 13, inclusive, a reciprocating member is moved by the pattern warp and the
pattern matching mechanism is controlled by said member.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the loom inside the frame, with my improvements
attached thereto.
Figure 1 is a side elevation on an enlarged scale of a form of let off mechanism
for the warp as may be employed in connection with my improvements, the view
being taken from the rear of Figure 1.
Figure 2 is a vertical cross section of one side of the loom on a larger scale looking
to the right from line 2 Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a detail e arged view of the upper portion of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a side view of the upper portion of Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale.
Figure 5 is a plan vit v of Fig. 4.
Figure 6 is a view corresponding with Fig. 2, except that one of the pins 2 is
shown when co-acting with arm f¹.
Figure 7 is a detail view of a cam hereafter described.
Figure 8 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a loom embodying another arrange-
ment of my invention.
Figure 9 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the feed roller for the pattern
warp and its actuating mechanism.
Figure 10 is an enlarged side view of the let off and matching mechanism, the
view being on the side of the loom opposite that shown in Figure 8.
Figure 11 is an enlarged vertical section looking to the right of line 11 of
Figure 8.
Figure 12 is a section on the line 12 of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is an enlarged detail of the draw off roller and its feeding mechanism.
Corresponding letters throughout the different views refer to corresponding
parts.
The loom to which my pattern matching mechanism is shown as applied is
substantially the same as the Bigelow looms now well known and in common use
in weaving tapestry carpets, so that a full illustration and description of this loom
is unnecessary, it being understood that the construction and operation of the parts
of the loom, aside from my novel mechanism, is or may be of any suitable form,
and that the matching mechanism may be applied to many other loomy of
the same class or of other classes employing pile or similar pattern warps.
In the looms shown, A are the warp beams for the ground or body warp z, B the
pile warp beam for the pile or pattern warp y, C the heddles, D the lay, E the
breast beam over which the woven fabric passes to the draw-off roll F and wind up
roll, G, all these parts and their actuating mechanisms being of any common or
suitable construction and operated in any suitable manner, and the loops in the
pile warp y which form the pile surface being formed by pile wires I which are
inserted and withdrawn by any suitable pile wire movement, all as will be readily
understood by those skilled in the art.
Referring now to Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, the pile warp y passes from the warp
roll B downward over a roll a, thence over a tension bar b and thence to the
heddles C. The roll a in the construction shown is the roll previously referred to
as actuated by the pile warp and controlling the matching mechanism, and it is
important, therefore, that the roll should be actuated by the pile warp without slip
so that the speed of the roll will vary accurately with that of the pile warp. For
this purpose, the roll a is preferably faced with rubber or similar material, or
otherwise suitably formed so as to secure the accurate movement of the roll with
the pile warp.
The tension bar in the construction shown is a smooth faced bar
B

page_text: but it may be a roll, if desired. It will be understood that the position of the
roll a, as shown, is not essential, and that this or a similar roll may be placed in
any other position and mounted in any suitable manner to secure its proper move-
ment by the pile warp. If a roll be used for the tension bar, it is obvious that
this roll may be used to control the matching mechanism.
The shaft of roll a carries at one side of the loom a pinion 10 which meshes
with and drives a gear 11 formed on the edge of a disc c mounted on a stud 12 in
a bracket 13 supported on the loom frame, and this disc c carries on its outer face
two pins or projections 2 placed diametrically opposite each other. Between the
bracket 13 and the side loom frame is a U shaped frame d carried by a bar 14
mounted to move vertically in brackets on the loom frame, which bar 14 carries
at its lower end a bowl 15 which engages cam 16 on a shaft 17 extending longi-
tudinally of the loom and having on its end a pinion 18 meshing with an inter-
mediate 19 which meshes with a gear 20, which has fixed to it a bevelled gear 21
meshing with a bevelled gear 22 on the shaft 23 of the draw-off roll F, so that the
shaft 17 and cam 16 are driven from the draw-off roll, this gearing being so timed
that the cam 16 makes one revolution to each pattern block of the fabric, which
may be varied in length, but is usually about ten irches leng. The cam 16 is
formed so as to permit the frame d to drop quickly when the cam reaches the
proper position, and, therefore, has a sharply cut shoulder, off which the bowl 15
drops. To permit this shoulder to pass the bowl 15 in running the loom backward,
as is sometimes desirable, the cam is preferably formed, as shown, with the
shoulder on a portions of the cam which is hinged to swing rearward and into
the body of the cam as the shoulder is engaged by the bowl in the reverse move-
nent of cam 16, and thus allow the shoulder to pass the bowl 15. The portion s
is held in normal position and returned thereto when it has passed the bowl 15 on
this reverse movement, by a spring 60, and the outward movement of the cam
portions is limited by the engagement of a stop surface 61 thereon with the body
of the cam.
The frame d carries two horizontal shafts 24, 25, mounted one above the other
and so as to rotate and slide longitudinally in the frame d. Upon the upper shaft 24
are loosely mounted two sleeves e, e¹ which sleeves carry inwardly extending
arms ff and outwardly extending arms g, g¹, by which the sleeves e, e¹ may be
rocked in opposite directions. The inwardly extending arms f, fi on the sleeves e, e¹
are cut away as shown in Figure 5, so as to form a slot 3 between them and these
arms extend toward the disc c. so as to lie opposite the pins or projections 2 carried
thereby Outside the sleeves e, e¹ the shaft 24 carries disks h, h¹, the upper surfaces
of which disks are provided with ratchet teeth and the lower surfaces with gear
teeth adapted to engage the pinions i, i on the lower shaft 25 previously referred
to, and the sleeves e, el have arms 26 which carry respectively weighted pawls k, k¹
pivoted to engage the ratchet teeth on the disks h, h¹ to rotate the latter in opposite
directions and these pawls are normally held out of engagement with the di-ks h, h¹
by fingers 27 on the pawls engaging stops 28 carried by the frame d. The inwardly
extending arms f, fi on the sleeves e, et are normally drawn downward so as to rock
the sleeves e, e¹ into position to throw the pawls k, k¹ out of engagement with the
ratchets on disks h, h by springs 29, and the downward movement of these arms is
limited by the stop 30 carried by the frame d and extending beneath both arms f, f'.
The lower shaft 25 in the frame d, which carries the pinions i, i¹ engaged by the
toothed lower surfaces of the disks h, h¹ on shaft e, el is provided outside these pinions
with discs, of such size as to engage the disks h, h¹ as the shaft 25 is moved in
opposite directions, and this shaft 25 is provided with a cam groove
entered by a pin 5 fixed in the frame d, so that by the rotation
of the shaft 25, it is moved longitudinally by the engagement of
the cam groove 4 with the pin 5 and the shaft 24 thus moved with it in one or the.
other direction by the engagement. of one of the discs 7, with the corresponding
disk h, h¹. The shaft 25 carries at one end a toothed disk 8 which is engaged by

page_text: a spring stop pawl 9 to hold the shaft against accidental rotation. The same result
may be secured by any suitable friction device.
The tension bar b is carried by arms 31 pivotally mounted in brackets 13, of which
there is one at each side of the loom, so that the tension bar 6 is held against rear-
ward movement by the loop of the pile warp y, and one of these arms 31 has fixed
to it a horizontal arm 32 upon which is mounted a weight 33 which slides upon the
arm to vary the pressure thereon, and, consequently, the tension of the pile warp.
To move this weight longitudinally of the bar 32 and thus vary the tension, the
weight has a threaded portion 34 which engages a screw shaft 35 mounted in a
bearing 36 on the arm 32, which shaft 35 carries two ratchet disks m, m¹ arranged
to be engaged by weighted pawls n, n', so as to rotate the shaft 35 in opposite direc-
tions, and having extensions 37 on the opposite side of the pawl pivots from the
pawls, upon which extensions normally rest the weighted ends of levers o, o' which
are mounted on a stud 38 in the loom frame, the other ends of these levers
0, 01
extending respectively into the path of the arms g, g' on the sleeves e, e', when
actuated as hereinafter described. This end of the lever o is formed or provided
with a bent portion or hook 39, and the frame d carries a projection 40 which is
adapted to engage this hook so as to hold this arm of the lever depressed and the
opposite weighted end of the lever raised in a certain position of the parts.
The pawls n, n are normally held out of engagement with the ratchets by the
engagement of the weighted arms of lever o, o with the extensions 37 and these
pawls n, n¹ are carried by a lever 41 moving concentrically with the ratchet disks
and reciprocated by connecting rod 42, and lever. 43 actuated by cam 44 which may
be driven from the main driving shaft in any suitable manner, this cam being
arranged and driven so as to secure the desired movement of the pawls n, n¹.
The let off mechanism illustrated in Figure 1^, which by itself I do not claim as
my invention, comprises a catch 150 engaging with one end of a weighted pawl 151
operated by a link 152 and cam 153, said link oscillating continuously. Its upper
end is slotted so as not to act on the pawl when the latter is engaged by catch 150.
When the warp is not being fed off fast enough it tightens on the roll b, pulling it
upward and causing the arm 154 to pull the catch 150 to release the weighted pawl
which drops into engagement with the ratchet wheel 155 and is operated at this
time by link 152. When the warp is loose the roll b drops and throws catch 150
into the path of pawl 151 and holds the latter out of engagement with the ratchet,
the latter being fast to a shaft 157 carrying at its inner end a worm 158 engaging
a worm wheel 159 on the shaft of the warp beam b. Any other suitable let-off
mechanism might be employed instead.
The operation is as follows:-
C
As the pile warp y passes from the warp beam B over rubber faced roll a, it
drives the latter and thus through the pinion 10 drives the disc
carrying the pins 2, and by the cam 16 on shaft 17 the frame d
is reciprocated vertically once to the formation of each pattern block of the fabrics
so as to carry the inwardly extending arms f, f¹ of the sleeves e, el across the path
of one of the pins 2, as the frame drops. As long as the movement of the pile warp
is such that the proper registry of the pattern warp and the formation of uniform
pattern blocks is secured, the roll a and disc c are rotated by the pile warp at such
a speed that one of the pins 2 on the disc c is opposite the slot 3 formed between
the arms f, f, when the frame d drops, so that these arms always pass the pin
freely and no action of the matching mechanism is obtained.
If, however, the pattern warp runs out of register so that a pattern block is not
of the proper length, the pile warp y will be drawn off the beam B slower or faster
according as the pattern is long or short, and the roll a and disc c will thus be
rotated slower or faster by the pile warp, and one of the pins 2 instead of lying
opposite the slot 3 between the arms f, f', when the frame d is lowered, so as to
allow the free passage of the arms past the pin, will lie in the path of one or the
other of the arms ff, according as the movement of the pile warp is slow or fast,
so as to actuate it and thus cause the shifting of the weight 33 by the rotation of

page_text: shaft 35 and thus diminish or increase the leverage of the weight on the tension
bar b, and thus diminish and increase the tension on the pile warp which will
shorten or lengthen the pattern blocks and thus bring the pattern again into registry.
Let us suppose that the irregularity is such that the pattern block is long, so that
any point of the pattern does not reach the proper point. In such case the pile
warp y is drawn off the beam B more slowly and the consequent slow movement
of the roll a will rotate the disc c at such speed that the pin 2 will not have reached
the slot 3 when a downward movement of the frame d takes place. Consequently,
as the frame d drops, the arm f on the sleeve e, which is the right hand arm in
Figures 3 and 5, will strike the pin 2 and be thrown up so as to rotate the sleeve e
and throw the arm g down. As this arm g is thrown down, it will strike the end
of the weighted lever which projects into its path when thus
lowered and thrown up the opposite weighted end of this lever o from
the projection 37 on weighted pawl n and thus release the latter and
allow it to drop into engagement with the ratchet disc m, and the reciproca-
tion of the lever 41 by the cam 44 through lever 43 and connecting rod 42 then
actuates the ratchet disc m so as to rotate the shaft 35 to the right in Figure 4,
and move the weight 33 on arm 32 to the left in Figure 3, which shortens the
leverage of the weight 33 on arm 32 on the tension bar 6 and thus decreases the
tension on the pile warp so that the pile warp is taken up to a greater extent in
forming the pile surface and the pattern blocks correspondingly shortened.
0
If the pattern be short, so that the tension upon the pile warp is to be increased,
the pile warp y will be drawn off the beam B more rapidly, and the operation is the
same except that the pin 2 on the disc c will have been carried past the slot 3 by
the faster movement of the roll a at the time the frame d moves downward and
the other arm f¹ will strike a pin 2 and, through the arm g, weighted lever o¹,
pawl n, and ratchet disc m', cause the rotation of the screw shaft 35 in the opposite
direction or to the left in Figure 4, so as to move the weight 33 on arm 32 to the
right. in Figure 3, and thus increase the leverage of the weight upon the tension
bar 6 and increase the tension of the pile warp, so that the pile warp
will not be taken up so much in forming the pile and the pattern blocks will thus
be lengthened and registry again secured.
For the purpose of moving the shaft 24 longitudinally in the frame d so as to
move the arms ff to the right or left and thus bring the slot 3 into proper
registry with the pin 2, after the matching mechanism has been operated as
above described, so as to correct any irregularity, and so that the matching
mechanism will not be operated on the next downward movement of the frame d,
the shaft 25 is moved longitudinally so as to shift the shaft 24 and arms f, f¹ to
ene side or the other to bring the slot 3 over the next pin 2. This feature is
important, although fair results may be attained without it, as it secures a closer
registry. The desirability of this feature results from the fact that the correction
of the registry after the shifting of the weight sufficiently for this purpose, is
gradual and extends over several successive pattern blocks, so that the movement
of the roll a by the pile warp y may not bring the pin 2 opposite the slot 3 in
time for the next downward movement of the frame d, so that the matching
mechanism will be actuated again and the weight thus shifted and the tension
diminished or increased too much for securing close registry.
As one or the other of the sleeves e, e¹ is rotated by the engagement of one of
the arms f, f with a pin 2, the corresponding pawl k or k¹ carried by the sleeve e
or el engages the ratchet portion of the disk h or h¹ and thus, through the toothed
portion of the disk and pinion i or 2¹ rotates the shaft 25 in one or the other
direction, and, by the engagement of the cam groove 4 with the fixed pin 5, moves
the shaft 25 longitudinally to the right or left in Figure 3, which, by the engage-
ment of the disk or with the disk h or h¹, moves similarly the shaft 24, so as
to shift the sleeves e, e¹ and their arms f, f¹ sidewise to bring the slot 3 into re-
gistry with the pin 2 on the next downward movement of the frame d, if this
movement is sufficient for that purpose, which will be the case if the previous

page_text: action of the matching mechanism is sufficient to secure the proper registry of the
pile warp.
If the pattern is but slightly out of registry a single action of the matching
mechanism by the engagement of one of the arms f, f¹ with a pin 2 on a single
downward movement of the frame d will be sufficient to correct the registry. If,
however, the pattern is far out of registry, so that the slot 3 does not register
with the pin 2 at the next downward movement of the frame d, the action will
be repeated and the lack of registry corrected partially on successive pattern blocks
until registry is secured. In the construction shown, three successive actions of
the matching mechanism are sufficient to correct any possible irregularity, but the
construction may be varied as desired in this respect. As shown, the frame d
makes one movement to each pattern block and two movements to each rotation
of the disc c, and the latter, therefore, rotates once to each two pattern blocks
and carries two pins, but it will be understood that this is not essential, as the
timing of the frame d and the disc c and the number of pins carried thereby
may be varied, and, for convenience will depend somewhat upon the length of the
pattern blocks.
It is obvious that, in the construction shown, as the pins 2 on disc c are moving
toward the slot in passing arm f, a pin 2 may pass the arm f without moving it
sufficiently to cause the desired movement of the matching mechanism, if the
registry be only slightly incorrect so that the pin 2, when the frame d drops, has
reached a point close to the slot edge of the arm f. As the pin 2 is moving away
from the slot 3 as it passes arm f¹ this difficulty does not occur in the case of the
latter arm.
For the purpose of avoiding this difficulty in the case of arm f and
securing the desired action of the matching mechanism, although the registry be
but slightly incorrect, so that the pin 2 would pass into line with the slot 3
without the matching mechanism being operated as desired, the hooked end 39
of the lever o and the projection 40 on the frame d are employed. As the arm g,
thrown downward by the rocking of the sleeve e by the engagement of arm f
with pin 2, throws the hooked end of the lever o downward on the descent of the
frame d, the hook 39 catches under the. projection 40 so as to be held downward
thereby and the weighted end of the lever o is thus held raised off the pawl n
until the frame d moves upward so as to release the hook 39 and lever o.
Referring now to Figures 8 to 13, inclusive the draw-off roll F is operated by
lever 50 carrying the pawl 51 engaging a ratchet on the end of the draw off
roll.
The pile warp y passes from the warp roll B downward over a roll r the
bearings of which are mounted to move in slots 52 in supports 53 and then over a
roll p having a roughened surface so that the pattern warp will not slip on the
surface of the roll, but the roll p will positively draw it forward as the roll is
rotated by means presently to be described. From the roll p, the pile warp
passes to the heddles C over the tension bar or roll q, which is carried by arms 49
mounted on studs at opposite ends of the machine and connected at one end by
arm 48 to the sleeve 47 mounted on the same stud as arm 49 and carrying a
rearwardly extending arm t on which is a weight u adjustable in position longi-
tudinally of the arm so as to secure the desired normal pressure upon and tension
of the pile warps y.
The rear end of this arm t is slotted or forked and moves
upon a vertical bar 54 between two springs v, v coiled upon the bar. The tension
bar in the construction shown is a smooth faced bar, but it may be a roll, if desired,
and it will be understood that the location of this tension bar, as shown, is not
essential and that it may be placed in any other position and mounted in any
suitable manner, so as to secure its proper movement by the pile warp.
The shaft of roll p carries a ratchet wheel 55 which is engaged by a pawl 56
carried by a vertically swinging pawl lever 57 connected by a link 58 to a lever 59
actuated to rotate the roll p by a cam 46 and returned to position by the spring 45.
The roll p thus forms a part of the let off mechanism for the pile warp and acts
to let off or feed intermittently the warp drawn off the warp beam B. The

page_text: beam B is directly actuated to let off the warp for the roll p, by let off mechanism
of any suitable form which is controlled by the rotation of the roll p through
the movement of the tension roll r, this let off mechanism being shown as of a form
common in such constructions, the novel feature of this part of the construction
consisting in the control of this let off. In the let off construction shown, the
warp roll B carries a gear 62 at one end by which the roll is rotated by a worm 63
carried by shaft 64 and this shaft 64 carries a ratchet wheel 65 which is engaged
by a spring pressed pawl 4 carried by a weighted pawl lever 66 swinging on
shaft 64 and actuated by a slotted link 67 engaging pin 5 on the lever, this
link 67 connecting with a lever 68 actuated by a cam 69 to rotate the shaft 64 and
returned by a spring 70.
The control of this mechanism is secured by an inwardly projecting toe 6 on
the lever 66, which is normally engaged by a swinging catch 71 which is spring
pressed to throw it towards the toe 6 by a coiled spring 7 on its pivot and is thus
thrown into position to engage the toe 6 at each feeding movement of the weighted
lever as actuated by the link 67. This catch 71 carries a pin 72 which is engaged
by a trip lever 73 pivoted at a fixed point on support 74 and actuated by link 75
connected to the roll r, this lever 73, when its outer end is raised by the upward
movement of roller r acting on the pin 72 on catch 71 to draw the catch back and
release the toe 6 of the lever 66. As will be seen from Figure 11 which shows
the position of the parts with the catch 71 engaging the toe 6 so as to hold this
part of the lever 66 depressed and the other or actuating arm of the lever 66 raised,
the pin 5 is then held at the upper end of the slot in the link 67 so that the upward
movement of the link 67 does not actuate the lever. There is, therefore, no
rotation of the shaft 64 by the pawl 4 as link 67 is raised, except when the catch 71
is thrown out by the trip lever 73 actuated by the upward movement of the roll r,
and this upward movement of the roll r takes place only as it is moved to the
upper end of its slot by the drawing off of the pile warp by roller p, as the latter
is rotated.
It is sometimes necessary to throw the draw off roll F out of operation, and it
is desirable that, when this is done, the roll p shall be similarly thrown out of
operation, so that the pile warp will not be drawn off thereby, but the pile warp
held under proper tension during the stopping of the draw off roll F.
I have shown a simple means for this purpose in which the pawl 51 for actua-
ting the draw off roll F is thrown out of engagement by a slotted arm 76 on a
rock shaft 77 having a handle arm 78 so that, by moving the latter to the left,
the pawl 51 is thrown out of engagement with the ratchet controlling draw off
roll F, and this rock shaft carries an arm 79 which is connected by a link 80 to a
lever 81 which, as the pawl 51 is thrown out by the movement of handle arm 78,
engages the pawl 56 and throws it out of position to engage the ratchet 55 on
roll p, the levers 50 and 57 then moving idly without rotating either the draw off
roll For the roll p. It will be understood that this device is not essential, but
such means are preferably used and in itself form a specific feature of the inven-
tion.
The operation is as follows:
As the roll p is rotated intermittently by the cam 46 and connections, it draws
off and feeds forward the desired amount of pile warp, the tension upon which
is preserved by the weighted arm t acting upon the tension bar g, the arm t being
lowered as the pile warp is taken up in the pattern, so that the rear end of the
armt plays up and down on the rod 54 between the springs vand v¹. The slack
in the pile warp between the warp beam; B and roll p is taken up by the inter-
mittent motion of the roll p which lets off less warp at each operation than the
warp beam and the roll r is thus raised in the slots 52. When this roll 7 has been
raised so as to actuate the lever 73 to draw the catch 71 out of engagement with
the toe 6 on the pawl lever 66, the weighted end of this lever withdraws the lever
and pawl so that the pin 5 is at the lower end of the slot in the link 67 and on
the next movement of the link actuated by cam 69 the pawl lever 66 is actuated

page_text: to rotate the shaft 64 through ratchet 65 and thus rotate the roll p to let off the
required amount of pile warp which is taken up by the downward movement of
the tension roll in the slots 52. This downward movement of the roll actuates the
lever 73 to release the pin 72 on catch 71 and the latter is thrown in by spring 7
so as to engage the toe 6 and thus hold the pawl lever 66 out of position to be
actuated by the link 67 until the next upward movement of the roll r again releases
the catch 71.
If the pile warp runs out of registry, so that a pattern block is not of the
proper length, the pile warp y will be taken up slower or faster according as
the pattern is long or short, and the pattern will be shortened in the first case by
decreasing the tension upon the pile warp so that the warp will be taken up more
rapidly by the pile loops of the pattern, and the pattern will be lengthened in the
second case by increasing the tension upon the pile warp so as to draw the pile
loops more tightly.
These results are secured by the rear end of the weighted arm t and the
springs v, vl as follows: If the pattern runs short, so that the pile warp is taken
up more rapidly, the arm t will be raised by the taking up of the warp so as to
move the rear end of the arm tinto contact with and to press upon the upper
spring v, as it is obvious that this movement of the armt depends upon the
rapidity with which the pile warp is taken up. As the rear end of the arm t
comes into contact with and presses upon the spring v, the resistance of the
weight u, to the further movement of the arm and the taking up of the pile
warp in the pattern is increased by the pressure upon the spring v, the spring
securing a yielding or gradual increase of this pressure and thus of the tension
upon the pile warp. This increase in tension acts to draw the pile loops more
tightly and thus to lengthen the pattern so as to correct the irregularity.
If the pattern runs too long, the action is just the reverse, the pile warp being
taken up more slowly and it being necessary to increase the tension upon the pile
warp so as to shorten the pattern. This result is attained by the engagement of
the arm t with the bottom spring as the arm lowers under the excess of tension
and slower taking up of the pile warp, and the weight of the arm is thus sup-
ported in part by the spring and the tension upon the pile warp thus gradually
decreased so as to shorten the pattern and correct the irregularity. In this class
of looms it is frequently desirable to change the feed of the roller p for weaving
different grades of material. This may be done in the construction shown by
increasing or decreasing the amount of frequency of movement of the roll P,
which may readily be provided for by change speed bearing between the ratchet
wheel 55 and roll p, or other suitable means for varying the feed of the pattern
warp.
It will be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the construction
shown, but that many modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the
art without departing from the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In weaving tapestry carpets and similar fabrics consisting of a body formed
by ground or body warp and weft threads and a pattern surface formed by pile
or pattern warp threads, automatically ensuring the proper registry of the pile or
pattern warp relatively to the ground or body warp and the formation of uniform
pattern blocks, by pattern matching mechanism controlled by the pattern warp
and operating to correct any irregularities in the pattern registry by adjusting
the tension of the pattern warp in accordance with the irregularity to be corrected,
substantially as set forth.
2. The combination with a loom adapted for weaving tapestry carpets and similar
fabrics of the nature aforesaid, of a pattern matching mechanism controlled by
the pattern warp and operating to correct any irregularities in the pattern

page_text: registry by adjusting the tension of the pattern warp in accordance with the
irregularity to be corrected, substantially as set forth.
3. The arrangement of such mechanism herein before described with reference
to Figures 1 to 7 of the drawings.
4. The arrangement of such mechanism herein before described with reference
to Figures 8 to 13 of the drawings.
5. The several arrangements herein before described with reference to Figures 1
to 7, for performing the functions respectively described, and the employment
thereof separately or and in any combination or combinations in pattern match-
thereof separately in any combination or combinations in pattern match-
ing mechanism applied to looms.
or
and
or
6. The several arrangements hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 8
to 13 for performing the functions respectively described, and the employment
thereof separately in any combination or combinations in pattern match-
ing mechanism applied to looms.
and
T
1
1000

page_text: Sig.11.
12
62
66
49
Y:
56€
58''