Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 4th May, 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 8th June, 1889
I, SAMSON Fox, of the Leeds Forge, New Wortley, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer and Ironmaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object the production of a uniform rotary motion, or a
near approximation thereto, of high power within small compass, such motion being
capable of easy reversal and by suitable change gearing, of ready adjustment for
varying speed and power, for which purpose I employ three or more cylinders, (the
greater the number of cylinders employed the nearer will be the approach to
uniformity of motion.) These may either be of the fixed or the oscillating kind, and
so arranged that their axial line or centres of oscillation shall be radial to and
equidistant from a common centre around which they are about equidistantly placed.
On the said radial lines and at equal distances from the said common centre I arrange
a number of crank shafts corresponding to the number of cylinders employed. On
each of these shafts I place a toothed-pinion that gears into a toothed wheel mounted
on the said common centre surrounded by the before-mentioned crank shafts and
pinions.
On the said crank shafts or on the pinions, discs.or ordinary cranks may be placed,
the crank pins of which engage with connecting rods in the case when fixed
cylinders are used, and with the pistons or rams when oscillating cylinders
are used.
The outward or the reciprocating motion of the several rams or pistons is communi-
cated to the respective crank pins and causes rotary motion to their shafts and the
pinions thereon, thence to the central externally toothed or spur wheel (within the
pinions) on the said common centre.
In some cases I make the central wheel an internal one and thereby increase the
power obtained from the aforesaid pinions, the speed of which may be correspondingly
in the ratio of the diameter of externally toothed or spur wheel to the diameter of
the internally toothed one which surrounds the said pinions.

page_text: The pistons or rams owing to their respective positions, being equidistant from each
other, exert their power on the central wheel in regular sequence, producing uniform
motion or a near approximation thereto, and by the interposition of the pinions
between the cranks and the central wheel in the manner described, the power trans-
mitted to the main shaft is greater in inverse proportion to the respective diameters
of the pinions and the central wheel thereon.
It will be obvious that by varying the diameter of the driving pinions, all of which
must correspond; and making the central wheel so that its radius is a complement
to the radii of the pinions, the power to be transmitted may be arranged to suit
required circumstances.
The central wheel may be mounted loosely upon the main shaft as upon a fixed
stud, or may be connected thereto by clutches, sliding keys or by any well
known device.
From the said central wheel or the main shaft, power can be transmitted in any
suitable manner.
In constructing my improved motor I prefer to use oscillating cylinders, the
trunnions of which may be located in any suitable position thereon, and through one
or both of which a port or ports is or are provided to act as induction and eduction
ways according to the desired direction of the central wheel or main shaft.
The trunnion bearings are provided with ports or passages-corresponding with
those in the trunnions of -the-cylinders abovementioned and are connected with
channels in the framework of the motor or with pipes that in their turn are connected
with the regulating and reversing valve.-Water, Steam or other fluid may be used
for propelling this improved motor.
1000

page_text: I, SAMSON Fox, of the Leeds Forge, New Wortley, Leeds, in the County of
York Engineer and Ironmaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the production of a uniform rotary motion or a
near approximation thereto, of high power within small compass, such motion being
capable of easy reversal and by suitable change gearing of ready adjustment for
varying speed and power for which purpose I employ three or more cylinders (the
greater the number of cylinders employed the nearer will be the approach to
uniformity of motion,) these may either be of the fixed or the oscillating kind and so
arranged that their axial line or centres of oscillation shall be radial to and
equidistant from a common centre around which they are about equidistantly
placed.
On the said radial lines and at equal distances from the said common centro. I
arrange a number of crank shafts corresponding to the number of cylinders employed.
On each of these shafts I place a toothed pinion that gears into a toothed wheel
mounted on the common centre shaft surrounded by the beforementioned crank shafts
and pinions. On the said crank shafts or on the pinions, discs or ordinary cranks are
or may be placed, the crank pins of which engage with connecting rods in the case
when fixed cylinders are used, and with the pistons or rams when oscillating cylinders
are used.
The outward or the reciprocating motion of the several rams or pistons is commu-
nicated to the respective crank pins and causes rotary motion to be imparted to their
shafts and the pinions thereon, thence to the central externally toothed or spur
wheel on the said common centre.
In some cases I make the central wheel an internal one and thereby increase the
power obtained from the aforesaid pinions, the speed of which may be correspondingly
in the ratio of the diameter of the externally toothed or spur wheel to the diameter
of the internally toothed one which surrounds the said pinions.
The pistons or rams owing to their respective positions being equidistant from

page_text: each other, exert their power on the central wheel. in regular sequence, producing
uniform motion or a near approximation thereto, and by the interposition of the
pinions between the cranks and the central wheel in the manner described, the
power transmitted to the main shaft is greater in inverse proportion to the respective
diameters of the pinions and the central wheel thereon.
It will be obvious that by varying the diameter of the driving pinions all of
which must correspond in each set, and making the central wheel so that its radius
is a complement to the radii of the pinions, the power to be transmitted may be
arranged to suit required circumstances.
The central wheel may be mounted loosely upon the main shaft as upon a fixed
stud, or may be connected thereto by clutches, sliding keys or by any well
known device.
From the said central wheel or the main shaft, power can be transmitted in any
suitable manner.
In constructing my improved motor I prefer to use oscillating cylinders the
trunnions of which may be located in any suitable position thereon and through
one or both of which a port or ports is or are provided to act as induction and
eduction ways according to the desired direction of the central wheel or the
main shaft.
The trunnion bearings are provided with ports or passages corresponding with those
in the trannions of the cylinders above mentioned and are connected with channels
in the framework of the motor or with pipes that in their turn are connected with
the regulating and reversing valve.-Water, steam or other fluid may be used for
propelling this improved motor.
In the annexed drawings similar letters represent similar parts in all the views.
Fig. 1. Sheet 1. is a plan of a multiple cylinder motor according to my
invention.
Fig. 2. is a vertical sectional elevation at the line 1. 1. in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. Sheet 2. is a plan to an enlarged scale of the underside of the motor.
a, and b constitute the framing in which is mounted the main shaft c, with the spur
wheel d, the crank shafts e, e, e, cranks or discs fiff, pinions g, g, g, on the shafts e,
taking into and driving the spur wheel d.
The oscillating cylinders h, h, h, are also mounted in the said framing by their
trunnions and in the bearings i, and, in which they are free to oscillate.
jj, are pistons or rams in the said cylinders 4, their outer ends being arranged for
and taking on to the crank pins h, in the cranks or discs f, which during
their outward movement from the cylinders h, cause the pinions g, to rotate.
It will be obvious in the case of a three cylinder motor that when any of the said
cranks is on the dead centre the others must be in such positions as to continue
by regular sequence as above referred to, the rotatory motion of the whole and of
the central wheel.
As above referred to the central wheel on the main shaft may be an internally
toothed wheel, in which case it will surround the driving pinions, and at the same time
a greater power will be obtained from the motor than when an external wheel is
employed as above described.
In the underside plan (Fig. 3.) is shewn the arrangement of the induction and
eduction ports or passages for the distribution to the several cylinders, of the
actuating fluid.-, is the induction port, m, the induction passages leading to the
respective cylinders which during the oscillation of the latter cut off the said fluid
and afterwards allow it to escape by, the eduction passages n, to the eduction port o.
When a contrary rotating motion is required to that just referred to, the functions
of the induction and eduction ports are changed, the former becoming the eduction
and the latter the induction.
This is effected by an ordinary threeway cock or a three ported slide valve, but
these instruments being well known and not forming part of- this invention are not
shewn in the drawings.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A multiple cylinder motor in which the power is transmitted to shafts e, e, e,
and thence through gear that can be changed for varying the speed of rotation of the
main shaft c, or wheel d, in relation to that of the shafts e, e, e, according to
requirement as set forth.
2. My improved multiple cylinder motor, substantially as described and illustrated
in the drawings annexed.