IMPROVEMENTS IN TURN- ING, MANAGING, AND REGULATING THE TAPS AND VALVES OF GAS PIPES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Carnaby, of No. 7", Skinner Street, in the City
of London, Patentee and Manufacturer of Apparatus for the Safe and
Economical Use of Gas, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TURN-
ING, MANAGING, AND REGULATING THE TAPS AND VALVES OF GAS PIPES."
Sealed the 7th August 1862, and dated the 25th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Carnaby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
February 1862.
I, JOHN CARNABY, of No. 7%, Skinner Street, in the City of London,
Patentee and Manufacturer of Apparatus for the Safe and Economical Use of
Gas, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TURNING, MANAGING, AND REGULATING THE TAPS AND VALVES OF GAS PIPES," to
be as follows:-
Referring to my Patent No. 452, bearing date the Twentieth day of October
1852, I place that part of the apparatus called the regulator on the top of a
pillar, pipe, or pedestal; which pillar, pipe, or pedestal may be fastened
to the floor, or I make the regulator part of the said pillar, pipe, or
pedestal. Or if the tap or valve has not to be turned on and off at a
distance from the spot where it is fixed in the pipe, I enclose the tap or
valve with a clock-like case, on which is a graduated dial, shewing the propor

page_text: tion in which the tap or valve is turned on, or the number of burners that the
supply of gas is sufficient for. I turn the plug of the tap or screw of the valve
with a key, working on the face of the clock-like case before mentioned. Or I
place a cog wheel on the plug of the tap and work it with a pinion wheel, in
the way now in use by me to work the regulator referred to in my aforesaid
Patent. The cog wheel may be part of the casting of the plug. I also apply
my arrangement of wires and pulleys, as described in my Patent aforesaid, to
put on or remove the weights of gas governors.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Carnaby in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CARNABY, of No. 7, Skinner Street, in the City of London, Patentee and.
Manufacturer of Apparatus for the Safe and Economical Use of Gas, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the
year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Carnaby, Her special licence that I, the said John Carnaby, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Carnaby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TURNING, MANAGING, AND REGULATING THE TAPS AND VALVES OF GAS PIPES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Carnaby, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Carnaby, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,

page_text: to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say:-
Referring to my Patent bearing date the 20th day of October 1852, and
numbered 452, and to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon, I use a hollow pillar or pipe made of iron, wood,. or
other suitable material, which pillar or pipe may be fastened to the floor
without being attached to a wall or partition, or it may be attached to a wall
or partition, on which hollow pillar or pipe I fix that part of the apparatus
described in my said Patent, No. 452, as the regulator; or, I make the case
of the regulator of a piece with the said pillar or pipe.
The wheels in the regulator are arranged as shewn in Fig. 1 in the accom-
panying Drawings. a is a cog wheel; 6 is a pinion wheel, which may be
worked with a knob or a key, as shewn in Fig. 2; c is a grooved wheel or
drum placed at the back (as shewn in the Drawing) or in the front of the
cog wheel a, to which it is fastened, or it may be of. one piece with the cog
wheel a; d is a toothed wheel placed on the shaft or harbour of the wheel a ;.
e is a toothed wheel worked by the wheel d. The shaft or harbour, of the
wheel e passes through the centre of the graduated dial plate hercin-after
described, and receives the band in front of the dial, as shewn in Figure 2. I
place round the grooved wheel or drum c cither chain, catgut, metal sash line,
or any other suitable material, which I fasten to the apex or other convenient
part of the said grooved wheel or drum; I carry out of the bottom of the regu-
lator, as shewn in Fig. 1, the ends of the said chain, catgut, metal sash line,
or other suitable material; and I keep the chain or other material in a narrow
space, and guide them by the two pulleys or drums f, f. The ends of the
chain or other material then pass down the hollow pillar or pipe 9, and
through a hole in the floor, and are carried to the tap or valve which is to be
turned by the regulator, and are fastened to a bar, lever, or a pulley, or drum,
placed on the plug of the tap or screw of the valve. At the angles made by
the lines passing from the regulator to the tap or valve, I place suitable
pulleys (see h 1 to h 7), and in fastening the lines to the ends of the bar lever
I sometimes use the tension screws i, i, or I sometimes place tension screws in
other parts of the lines, for the purpose of making the lines sufficiently tight,
so that by turning the key of the regulator it may have an immediate effect
on the bar lever of the tap, or on the screw of the valve. I usually use strong
wire or iron rods where it can be placed, as between the two pulleys he and
h', and only use the chain, catgut, metal sash line, or other pliable material
to pass round the pulleys. The pulleys marked respectively h' to are to
guide the lines in the direction and at the angle that may be required. h',

page_text: which I call a box pulley, is for guiding the lines of the regulator at right angles
through the wall or partition on which the regulator is fixed; the lines are
passed through the two holes shewn on the top of the Figure, and go out at the
back of the pulley frame. h³, I call an angle pulley; the cheeks on the plate
in which the 4 holes are shewn are cast at any required angle, so that the
plate may be fastened flat on a wall, partition, or ceiling, and the lines carried
at the angle required. h³, called a pillar pulley, is a pulley with the cheeks
cast at right angles with the plate, in which the sheaves do not project through
the plate. h, called a mortice pulley, is a pulley with the cheeks cast at
right angles with the plate, and in which the sheaves project through the
surface of the plate. ³, called a gathering pulley, is used to bring the lines
together between the two sheaves. ho, called a side-by-side pulley, and h',
a flat pulley, are made and used as shewn in the Drawing.
I
To suit places where the position of the tap requires such an arrangement,
carry the chain or other material out of the top of the regulator and connect
it to the tap or valve in the manner before described. If the tap or valve is
to be turned on and off at the place where it is fixed in the pipe, I place over
the tap or valve a case or regulator like that shewn in Fig. 2, and I turn the
plug of the tap or screw of the valve with a key fitting the square of the tap
or screw of the valve.
Figures 3 and 4 shew how the taps k, k, are placed in the pipes when they
are to be covered with a case. The cog wheel is placed on the plug of the
tap and works the wheel m, which turns the wheel n, on the harbour or shaft
of which the hand in front of the dial is fixed. The tap may also be placed
horizontally or diagonally in the case. In Fig. 3 the outlet pipe is carried out
at the bottom of the case, but it may be carried out at the top, as shewn in
Fig. 4, or from some other part of the case. The arrangement of cog wheels
may be dispensed with, by placing the hand of the dial on the end of the plug
of the tap.
The dial face, as shewn in Fig. 2, may be painted or engraved on the face of
the regulator case, or a dial plate may be fixed on it. I divide the dial either
into proportionate parts of the supply, shewing by figures and spaces the
degree the tap or valve is turned on, or I shew by figures and spaces on the
dial the number of burners that the supply of gas passing through the tap
or valve is sufficient to supply.
I also apply my arrangement of wires and pulleys before described, and as
described in my aforesaid Patent, No. 452, to put on and to remove the
weights used to regulate self-acting valves, or self-acting regulators, or gas
governors, in the manner shewn in Fig. 5. 0, 0, 0, 0, are weights, which may

page_text: be lowered one by one on to the cap or holder of the self-acting regulator or
gas governor. The bottom of the Fig. is a side view of one of the latter
instruments, with the side removed. The line p may be of chain, common
hemp cord, or any other flexible material. The weights are kept at proper
distances from each other by pieces of lead fixed on the line under each weight
in the manner shots are attached to fishing lines, or by pins placed in the lines.
9, 9, are upright wires or rods fastened to the cap or gas holder, which pass
through holes in the weights to guide them; or the weights, if they are to
press only on one side of the cap or gas holder as at the point r, may be
guided by only one wire or rod. The line p may be carried to any part of a
house, after the manner of bell-hanging, as explained in my aforesaid Patent,
No. 452, and the weights may be raised or lowered by the end of the line being
attached to the wheel or drum of the regulator, or in the ways shewn in
Figs. 11, 12, and 15 respectively, in my aforesaid Patent, No. 452.
I claim the mode of figuring and dividing the dial plates to indicate the
number of burners which the proportion of gas admitted by the tap or valvo
will be sufficient to supply.
I also claim the use of a pillar or pipe fastened to the floor, by which means
the lines are taken from the regulator and carried to the tap or valve.
I also claim the making of the regulator of a piece with the said pillar or
pipe.
I also claim the encasing the tap or valve.
I also claim the mode of weighting and unweighting self-acting gas regu-
lators or governors.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Carnaby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN CARNADY. (L.S.)