Pulpers.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Dec., 1336.
Complete Left, 11th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 26th Apr., 1887.
and Pulpers.
I FRANK WILLIAM BENTALL of the firm of E. II. Bentall & Co. of Heybridge,
Maldon in the County of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :-
The chief object of this invention is to effect an economy in the manufacture of the
dises or barrels of root cutters, strippers, and pulpers, which barrels or discs may be
cast whole or in segments.
Hitherto it has been the practice to secure the steel knives in place by means of
screws or rivets. 1 now, however, propose to secure them in place, during the
operation of casting the disc, barrel, or segment.
The nature of my invention may be best explained by reference to the mode of
operating to produce a disc cutter. I first prepare the pattern for the disc in wood
or iron, as usual, and form recesses in the pattern to receive the knives, making
openings through the pattern to provide for the discharge of the cut root.
The recesses are each intended to receive a knive, which is preferably arched
transversely and formed with side flanges that bed into the recess. On the back of
the knife when inserted in the recess in the pattern, I fit a piece which is intended to
fill up the recess to the level of the face of the pattern. When the parts are thus
prepared, I proceed to make a sand mould, preferably in the following manner :-
Upon a bed plate of wood, plaster, or other suitable material contained in a flask,
I place the pattern of the disc face upwards. I then insert the knives into the
recesses, and place on the back of the knives the filling pieces, the holes formed
through the pattern being in great part covered by the knives.-These holes I fill up
to the underside of the knives by projections on the bed plate, which receive the
rammed-in sand which is to form the first half of the sand mould.-When the first
half of the mould is completed, I turn over and remove the bed plate.-I then make
the second half of the mould, turn over again, and lift off the first half, take out the
filling pieces, and after closing the mould and turning over, re-open the mould, and

page_text: take out the disc pattern.-I then close the mould and cast the disc through suitable
runners prepared in the second half of the mould.
The metal flowing into the hollows in the mould will surround the flanges and back
of the knives, embedding them securely within the casting.
From the foregoing explanation it will be readily understood how the invention
may be carried out in the manufacture of barrel or disc root pulpers and strippers,
whether the barrels or discs are cast whole or in segments.
The knives may be prepared in various ways, but I prefer to form them from blanks
of sheet steel hammered off on one side to a cutting edge. The blanks thus prepared
I shape into knives by stamping.
Dated this 6th day of December 1886.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Root Cutters, Strippers,
and Pulpers.
FRANK WILLIAM BENTALL of the Firm of E. H. Bentall & Co. of Heybridge
Maldon in the County of Essex Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The chief object of this invention is to effect an economy in the manufacture of the
discs or barrels of root cutters strippers and pulpers which barrels may be cast in
segments and the discs whole or in segments.
Hitherto it has been the practice to secure the steel knives in place on their discs or
barrels by means of screws or rivets I now however propose to secure them in place
during the operation of casting the disc or the segment of the disc or barrel.
The nature of my invention may be best explained by reference to the mode of
operating to produce a disc cutter." I first prepare the pattern for the complete disc
in wood or iron as usual and form recesses in the pattern to receive the knives making
openings through the pattern to provide for the discharge of the cut root.
In the accompanying drawings:
:-
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a moulding pattern A for a disc cutter showing a group
of the openings a made in the same for the passage through of the cut roots.
Rebates a are made round a greater portion of these openings and in the face of the
pattern to form beds for the flanges of the knives; and filling pieces b (see Fig. 2)
corresponding in form with the rebates a¹ are provided to fit the same.
These filling pieces are made of such thickness that when in place and overlying the
flanges of the knives they will be flush with the face of the disc.
At the back of the pattern following the line of each opening is a rib or projection a³
for strengthening the pattern. Fig. 3 shows in section and on an enlarged scale a
portion of the pattern A the section being taken in a radial line through one of the
openings a. B represents the knife in place and the filling piece placed over the
flange of the knife. Fig. 4 is a cross section taken in the dotted line 1, 2 of Fig. 3.
From these views it will be seen that fitted into the recess is the flange of the knife
which is arched transversely and that overlying the flange is the filling piece & flush
with the disc A.
With the parts prepared as above described I proceed to make a sand mould in
which to cast the disc by operating in the following manner reference being had to
the sectional views Figs. 5 to 8. Upon a bed plate C of wood plaster or other
suitable material contained in a flask I place the pattern A of the disc face upwards
I then insert the knives B into the recesses and place on the flanges of the knives the
filling pieces b the holes formed through the pattern being in great part covered by
the knives.-These holes I fill up to the underside of the knives by projections e on
the bed plate which assist in supporting the sand rammed into the flask for the purpose

page_text: of forming the first half D of the sand mould. When the first half of the mould is
completed I turn it over and remove the bed plate therefrom and proceed to make the
second half E of the mould as shown at Fig. 6 by ramming sand into the flask.
Having now completed the moulding I turn over the mould and lift off the first
half D. I then take out the filling pieces and I close the mould when it will
present the appearance in cross section of Fig. 7.-The next operation is to turn the
mould so as to bring the second half E uppermost I then reopen the mould and take
out the disc pattern leaving the knives in the sand. Having replaced the half E in
its position the mould will present the appearance in cross section as illustrated at
Fig. 8.
Suitable runners having been prepared by the moulder in the upper or E half of
the mould the molten metal is run in and the disc is cast; the molten metal flowing
around the knives and embedding them by their flanges in the casting.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent in partial plan and radial section a cast. dise with its knives
in place prepared according to my invention the flanges of the knives being embedded
in the cast metal. By thus producing the rotary portion of root cutters strippers
and pulpers it will be readily understood. that material economy-is-effected-in-the-
manufacture.
I may remark that I do not limit myself to the manner above described of carrying
out my invention as the details admit of various modifications.
One of these I have illustrated at Figs. 11 and 12 which are sectional views taken
at right angles to each other of a portion of the disc pattern and a knife fitted in
place. In this example the pattern instead of being recessed in its face to receive-the
Hange of the knife retains its full thickness and the rib or projection a² on the back
of the plate A which I described as intended to strengthen the plate round the openings
is in this case made removable.
The knife is inserted in place by being passed up from the underside of the pattern
plate and the flange of the knife fits into a shallow recess formed on the underside of
the plate it being subsequently covered by the application of the detached projection a².
The mode of forming the sand mould from this pattern will be obvious from the fore-
going description. Another modification in the way of preparing the sand mould
would be to prepare-the mould D-for the reception of cores in which the knives are
embedded. The pattern plate would in this case be provided with core prints"
where it is intended to cast in the knives. These "prints" would leave indents
in the sand mould for the reception of the cores.
"
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
The mode of securing the knives of root cutters strippers and pulpers in place in
their discs or segments of their discs and barrels as and for the purpose above set
forth.
T:
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