Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing and similarly Treating Textile and Fibrous Materials in all Štages of Preparation.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1889-Accepted, 13th July, 1889
[Communicated from abroad by CHARLES VANDERMEIRSSCHE, of 40, Rue Pascal, Paris,
in the French Republic.]
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing and similarly Treating
Textile and Fibrous Materials in all Štages of Preparation.
I, WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS of 70 Market Street, Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Consulting Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This Invention relates to apparatus for dyeing and similarly treating textile and
fibrous materials in all stages of their preparation for Manufacture.
In an apparatus constructed according to these Improvements there is a dye beck
having a run off cock and containing a drum or hollow cylinder furnished with two
shafts which rotate in stuffing boxes provided in the sides of the trough. One of
these shafts is plain and carries a worm wheel which is rotated by a tangent screw
keyed upon the shaft of a step pulley so that an increase or reduction of the speed of
the drum may be obtained at will. The drum may however be similarly driven by
other known and convenient means. The second shaft of the cylinder is hollow and
opens into a regulating valve.
The drum carries upon its surface in the direction of its length and opening into it,
several series of tubular seats upon each of which there is screwed a movable vessel
containing the material to be dyed or otherwise operated on. These vessels consist of
two parts. (1) The vessel properly so-called of which the bottom is perforated and of
which the lower edge is threaded to screw into the tubular seats. (2) The lid or cover
similarly perforated and causing pressure upon the bobbin or other fibrous material
contained within the vessel. This pressure may be regulated by means of thumb
screws or otherwise. The upper edge of the cover is also provided with a screw thread
to enable it to be screwed into the open tubular seating upon the reversal of the vessel.
The number of vessels may be varied in proportion to the power of production of the
machine.
The vessels are screwed upon the seatings and filled for example with bobbins,
which participate in the rotary motion of the drum or cylinder, and plunge suc-
cessively into the bath of dye on one side and emerge by degrees from the other side
in a continuous circular direction. The level of the bath is maintained in such a
manner that it reaches the line of the centre of the bobbins. This lovel is sufficient.
though it may be increased. This is a point of great importance having regard to the
circulation of the liquid and its penetration into the mass of material to be treated.
To prevent the emptying of the bath or the lowering of its level, ordinary
precautions must be taken.
A pump of any convenient design draws the dyeing or other liquid through a pipe
in connection with a valve or cock, and forces it through the regulating valve and the
interior of the drum. In consequence of this pressure the liquid is forced through
the bobbins which have to be dyed or similarly treated. The primary circulation thus
established is combined with the progressive emergence of the vessels from the bath
resulting from the rotary motion, and when passing through a plane vertical to the
axis of the drum the column of liquid above the level of the bath exercises in its turn
a pressure contrary to that of the pump; the coloring liquid in its tendency to descend
spreads out in a radial direction thus ensuring a perfect dyeing of the edges or sides
of the bobbins.
The vessels are provided externally with trunnions

page_text: The operation having commenced and progressed to a certain degree, each of the
vessels is unscrewed and inverted, in which position it is rescrewed into the seating
for the continuation and termination of the operation. For assisting in the turning
of the vessels the following arrangement may be adopted. A carriage supporting the
lifting arrangement runs along a rail above the dyeing apparatus. From this carriage
.descends a rod the lower end of which engages with the upper end of a right and left
handed screw.
The lower end of the screw engages with a hook carrying a handle
the two arms of which engage with the trunnions upon the vessel. The lifting of the
vessels and their reversal is accomplished by turning the right and left handed screw
which is provided with a hand wheel for the purpose. This system of reversing
during the course of the operation advantageously replaces those systems now in use
of dyeing by the pressure and suction of the coloring liquid. For arriving at the
same result there may he adopted any other convenient mechanical arrangement for
assisting in manipulating the vessels, those indicated serving only as an example.
As regards the industrial product it is obvious that the apparatus herein described
has an increased efficiency, for while the operation is going forward in one part, the
other part may have its charge withdrawn thus permitting a constant working of the
machine and an uninterrupted production.
The same apparatus serves also for effecting other operations preceding or following
that of dyeing, such as for example scouring, washing, mordanting, rinsing and
carbonisation of the textile or fibrous material.
This system may be extended by providing two cylinders in each bath and by
multiplying the number of vessels upon each cylinder.
Dated the 11th day of September 1888
WILLIAM E. HEYS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing and similarly Treating
Textile and Fibrous Materials in all Stages of Preparation.
I, WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS of 70 Market Street Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for dyeing and similarly treating textile and
fibrous materials in all stages of their preparation for manufacture.
In the accompanying drawings to which reference is hereinafter made, the improved
apparatus is shewn partly in longitudinal vertical section and partly in clevation in
Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a transverse section along the line a b.
In an apparatus constructed according to these Improvements there is a dye back T
having a run off cock and containing a drum or hollow cylinder A furnished with two
shafts which rotate in stuffing boxes provided in the sides of the trough. One of
these shafts S is plain and carries a worm wheel W which is rotated by a tangent
screw H keyed upon the shaft of a step pulley so that an increase or reduction of the
speed of the drum may be obtained at will. The drum may however be similarly
driven by other known and convenient means. The second shaft S of the cylinder is
hollow and opens into a regulating valve R.
The drum A carries upon its surface in the direction of its length and opening into
it several series of tubular seats B upon each of which there is screwed a movable
vessel C containing the material to be dyed or otherwise operated upon. These vessels
consist of two parts. (1) The vessel properly so called of which the bottom is per-
forated and of which the lower edge is threaded to screw into the tubular seats.
(2) The lid or cover D similarly perforated and causing pressure upon the bobbin or
other fibrous material contained within the vessel. This pressure may be regulated by
means of thumb screws F or otherwise. The upper edge of the cover is also provided

page_text: with a screw thread to enable it to be screwed into the open tubular seating upon the
reversal of the vessel. The number of vessels may be varied in proportion to the
power of production of the machine.
The vessels are screwed upon the seatings and filled for example with bobbins,
which participate in the rotary motion of the drum or cylinder, and plunge suc-
cessively into the bath of dye on one side and emerge one after the other from the
other side in a continuous circular direction. The level of the bath is maintained in
such a manner that it reaches approximately the line of the centre of the bobbins as
indicated in Fig. 1. This level is sufficient though it may be increased. This is a
point of great importance having regard to the circulation of the liquid and its
penetration into the mass of material to be treated.
To prevent the emptying of the bath or the lowering of its level, ordinary
precautions must be taken.
A pump P of any convenient design draws the dyeing or other liquid from the
bath through a pipe Q1 in connection with a valve or cock q and forces it through the
regulating valve R and the interior of the drum A. In consequence of this pressure
the liquid is forced through the bobbins which have to be dyed or similarly treated.
The primary circulation thus established is combined with the progressive emergence
of the vessels from the bath resulting from the rotary motion, and when passing
through a plane vertical to the axis of the drum the column of liquid above the level
of the bath exercise in its turn a pressure contrary to that of the pump; the colouring
liquid in its tendency to descend and as a consequence of the two opposing pressures
spreads out in a radial direction thus ensuring a perfect dyeing of the edges or sides
of the bobbins.
The dyeing or other operation having commenced and progressed to a certain
degree, each of the vessels C is unscrewed and inverted, in which position it is
rescrewed into the seating for the continuation and termination of the operation. For
assisting in the turning of the vessels the following arrangement may be adopted. A
carriage J runs along a rail K placed above the dyeing apparatus. From this carriage
descends a rod G the lower end of which engages with the upper end of a right and
left handed screw H. The lower end of the screw engages with a swivel hook or ring
carrying a handle E the two arms of which engage with trunnions fixed upon the
vessel C. The lifting of the vessels and their reversal is accomplished by turning the
right and left handed screw which is provided with a hand wheel I for the purpose.
This system of reversing during the course of the operation advantageously replaces
those systems now in use of dyeing by the pressure and suction of the colouring
liquid. For arriving at the same result there may be adopted any other convenient
niechanical arrangement for assisting in manipulating the vessels, those indicated
serving only as an example.
As regards the industrial product it is obvious that the apparatus herein described
has an increased efficiency, for while the operation is going forward in one part, the
other part may have its charge withdrawn, thus permitting a constant working of the
machine and an uninterrupted production.
The same apparatus serves also for effecting other operations preceding or following
that of dyeing, such as for example scouring, washing, mordanting, rinsing and
carbonisation of. the textile or fibrous material.
This system may be extended by providing two cylinders in each bath and by
multiplying the number of vessels upon each cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as cominunicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :
(1) An apparatus for dyeing and similarly treating textile and fibrous materials in
all stages of preparation; constructed arranged and operated substantially as herein-
before described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
(2) In an apparatus for dyeing and similarly treating textile and fibrous materials

page_text: in all stages of preparation the combination and arrangement of a bollow rotary drum
furnished with reversible pots which open into the drum and which have perforated.
bottoms and perforated tubular lids, constructed and operated substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 5th day of June A.D. 1889.
WILLIAM E. HEYS.