IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolph Paris, Engineer, in the City of Hamburg, Ger-
many, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES, AND IN APPARATUS
CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
Sealed the 27th September 1878, and dated the 6th April 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolph Paris at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1878.
ADOLPH PARIS, Engineer, in the City of Hamburg, Germany.
IN TELEPHONES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to apparatus connected with telephones to secure a safe and
simple intercommunication, signalling between those persons speaking through the
telephones, and without the application of special conducting wires for this purpose.
For signalling at each station an electric bell is automatically interlined in the
conducting wire or wires, while at same time the changing of the telephone wires
into conducting wires for signalling takes place by the telephone itself, by placing
it in a hopper or receiver attached to the apparatus. This receiver rests upon a
spiral spring, and by the weight of the telephone is pressed down as soon as the
instrument is placed in it. This downward motion produces the connection between
conducting wires and signalling apparatus, while at same time the connection of the
former with the telephone is interrupted.
The telephones are only taken from their respective receivers or hoppers for the
purpose and during the time of sending or receiving a communication, while during
the operation of signalling the instrument or instruments remain in the corresponding
receivers or hoppers.
The result of this arrangement is as follows:-During the time the telephone
rests in the receiver or hopper the communicating wire can be used for the purpose

page_text: of signalling. As soon as the instrument is taken in hand, and removed from the
receiver or hopper, the communicating wire is ready for the purpose of sending or
receiving a messago.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Adolph Paris in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd October
1878.
ADOLPH PARIS, Engineer, in the City of Hamburg, Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TELEPHONES, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
This Invention consists in the construction of apparatus and combination of the
same with the telephone, whereby a simple and sure means of signalling is attained
without the use of special line wires.
For signalling an electric bell is automatically placed in connection at each station,
while at the same time the transformation of the speaking wires into line wires for
signalling is accomplished by the telephone itself, when the latter is placed in a cup
on the apparatus or suspended on a hook. The cup or the hook is in connection
with disconnecting appliance, and is by taking up the instrument depressed or
turned by its weight, whereby the connection of the line wires with the signalling
apparatus is established, while at the same time the connection of the former with
the telephone is interrupted.
In the accompanying Drawing,-
Figures 1 and 2 represent the cup apparatus in about half size.
Figures 3 and 4 are plan and vertical section of the modified disconnecting
appliance, whereby the telephone is suspended to the hook in order to put the
signalling appliance in connection.
For signalling the aid of an element or a battery is required, and for considerable
distance the application of a relay also.
The cup apparatus consists of a wooden box C containing an element E. The
cup A, which serves for the reception of the telephone, rests on a spiral spring n,
and is provided with a rod or stem a which enters the box C. By the weight of
the telephone the stem a is depressed so far that its end, which is provided with
the cross head c, which can turn freely, can come in contact with the two metal
pieces i and e, while there is no contact during the telephoning or far speaking.
G is the electric bell; M, the Morse key; T and T", the two telephone wires; and
H, H', two wires of the inain line, for one of which earth may be substituted.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:--When far speaking, that is, in the
position shewn on the Drawings, the current passes from the pole wire 7 of the
telephone through the wire 2 to the main -line H leading to the apparatus at
the next station, passes there through the corresponding wire 2, and through 7 to
the telephone at the other station, then to 8, thence through 5 and the second

page_text: main line H back to wire 5 of the sending station, and thence reaches through 3,
the second polo wire T¹ of the telephone station at 1.
When speaking from the other station the action is analogous.
The normal place for the telephone at each station is in the cup, so that the
signalling apparatus is always connected except during the far speaking, when the
instrument is taken out of the cup.
For signalling the action is as follows:-On both stations the cups A with stems u
are depressed by the weight of the telephones and the contact between the stem a
with pieces e and i established by the piece c. b is a bush of india-rubber, horn, or
similar material suitable for the insulation and guiding of the stem a. When sig-
nalling, the Morse key is depressed; the current then passes froin the element E
through the wires 1 and 2 by the main line H to the station II., where it similarly
enters the apparatus again by the wire 2, and while the Morse key there is in its
position of rest, that is, in contact with 3, it goes by 3 to the bell. From this latter
the current passos to 4 and 5, and through the main line H back to the station I,
where it enters 5 again, and returns to the other pole of the element E through the
contact c, c, and wire 6.
When signalling is to be done from the station II. the passage of the current is
exactly analogous. The Morse key of the other station is then depressed, where-
upon the bell at station I is put in action.
Instead of the Morse key a press knob of known construction may be used.
For greater distances a relay may with advantage be put in connection. The
simplest way to do this is by bringing the wires otherwise loading to the bell in
connection with the electro-magnet of the relay, and by leading the battery
current from one pole of the same through the bell and the relay by auxiliary
wires.
Figures 3 and 4 represent a modification of my Invention, where the whole
nechanism of reversing or disconnecting is arranged within a pressing knob. This
knob is to be fastened to a vertical wall or similar object by means of two wood
screws. As the leading features in this appliance are exactly similar to those
above described, the corresponding contacts and wiros are indicated by the same
reference letters and numbers as in Figures 1 and 2. Accordingly 6 and 1 are the
two wires leading to the element; T, T', the telegraph wires; and H, H', the two
wires of the main line.
The action of this apparatus is as follows:- -The ring R is arranged so as to turn
between the fixed bed plate S and the screwed lid D. is a spiral spring which
connects the inner surface of the ring R with the bed plate S, and holds the former
in a definite position during the far speaking. When it is desired to give a signal
the telephone must be suspended by the hook P, or it may hang down by the two
telegraph wires T, T. The object is that the weight of the instrument should turn
the ring R a little, that is, so far as to establish contact between 5 and + and 6 in
an analogous manner. Thus if the ring R turns, the spring 5 (which on the left
side is fastened to the inner surface of the ring R, and on the right to the bed
plato S) is drawn firmly against the two springs 4 and 6, which are connected with
the wires 4 and 6. On the other hand the spring 5 is thereby drawn away from 8,
and the current connection is as follows:-The knob K is depressed to bring 1 in
contact with 2, and now the current passes from the battery through 1 to 2, and
through the main wire H to station II., enters there similarly by 2, and (as tho
corresponding knob K there is not depressed, and the spring 2 therefore is in
contact with the piece 3) returns through 3 to the bell, and through 4 and 5, as well
as through the main line H', to the station I. The circuit is closed thereby, that
the current here enters into 5, and arrives to the other pole of the eleinent through
the contact with spring 6 by the wire 6 belonging thereto.
When signalling from station II. the mode of working is quite analogous to that
just described.
When far speaking, the current passage is as follows:-The current passes from,
the telegraph wire T through 7 to 2, and into the main line H to the apparatus at

page_text: station II.; it then there enters through the wires 2 and 7 to the other telephone,
then to the spring 8 which is in contact with 5, and passes back through the main
line H to 5 of the sending station, and from here through T" to the other pole of
the telephone at station I.
I claim the telephone signalling appliances, whereby the electric clocks at both
stations are connected through the weight of the instruments themselves and without
special wires, substantially as and for the purposes described, and as illustrated in
the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adolph Paris, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
ADOLPH PARIS. (L.S.)