IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING NAILS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING NAILS."-A
communication from abroad by the Excelsior Nail Company (Incor-
porated), of Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, United States of
Americe
Sealed the 24th October 1866, and dated the 21st August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st August 1866.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING NAILS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention of improvements in machinery for making nails relates to
that class of nail-making machinery in which the nails are cut from a plate
of metal, and has for its object to feed the plates automatically to the knives
or cutters of nail-cutting machines to be cut into nails. The plate to be

page_text: operated upon must be presented to the knives in a plane which, if projected,
would pass through the axis on which the movable knife or cutter vibrates,
so that the cuts which sever the nails from the plate may be at right angles to
the plane of the plate. At the time of the cutting action the plate must rest
firmly and fairly on the bed knife or cutter. As the bed knife requires to
be ground frequently that part of the mechanism which holds and presents
the plate in line must be capable of easy adjustment to the varying height of
the knife due to the grinding, otherwise the plate will not be held in line, and
for a like reason the mechanism which brings the plate down on to the bed
knife after it has been lifted, drawn back, turned, and is being moved forward
must be capable of easy adjustment, or else the under surface will not be
properly in contact with the bed knife at the time of the cutting action. The
plates from which the nails are cut are frequently twisted and uneven, and as
they must be held at one end by the nippers the mechanism which advances
the nippers for each successive nail to be cut must permit the nippers to turn,
so that they may be self adapting to the twist of the plate, so that the end
from which a nail is to be cut may rest fairly on the bed knife at the time
of the cutting operation. The taper of the nails is determined by the incli-
nation of the line of the feeding motion from a right angle. to the line of the
cutting edges of the knives, and as it is frequently required to vary the taper
of the nails to suit the demands of the market the mechanism which controls
the line of motion of the plate must be capable of lateral adjustment on an
axis perpendicularly under the line of cut, whilst at the same time such
mechanisin must be capable of lateral adjustment without changing the angle
of the line of feed motion for the purpose of varying the size of the heads of
the nails, for the nearer the edge of the plate is brought to the heading
mechanism the larger will be the heads on the nails produced. In nail-
cutting machines the range of motion of the movable knife or cutter is made
as short as possible, because the shorter it is the greater will be the leverage
of the mechanism that impels it, and besides experience has proved that the
machines which give to the movable knife the shortest range of motion can
be run so as to make the greatest number of cuts in a given time, and are the
least liable to wear and tear. An automatic nail plate feeder to be of general
practical utility must be capable of being adapted to the nail-cutting machines
in use, and to the conditions which experience has shown to be essential. As
the machines in general use have but one heading mechanism, and the nails
are cut tapering, the plate must, be turned over after each cut; to perform
this operation of turning the plate must be lifted in order to clear the bed
knife, and also drawn back to clear the movable cutter, and then not only

page_text: moved forward to its original position, but that portion which is to form the
next nail must be moved forward between the knives. If the turning motion
be derived (as in some of the machines heretofore tried for this purpose) from
the mechanism which gives the back-and-forward motion to the plate the turn-
ing motion will not be completed until the end of the forward or feeding-in
motion, and the forward end of the plate in entering between the knives being
still elevated above the bed knife will strike against the movable knife which
at that time is descending to make the next cut. In order to prevent one
motion from interfering with another the downward motion of the movable
knife may be retarded, which would materially reduce the quantity of nails
made in a given time, or the range of motion of the movable knife may be
increased. The desideratum is to produce an automatic feeder practically
adapted to the existing condition of the nail machines in use. Some of the
difficulties referred to can be avoided by completing the turning motion before
the motion forward has progressed so far as to cause the plate to enter between
the knives, so that no portion of the plate will be between the knives during
any part of the turning operation.
Another difficulty has been experienced by the plates not being all of the
same width, and sometimes they are broader at one end than at the other;
and when nipped in the nippers the central line of the plate is seldom in line
with the axis of the nipper rod. As one of the edges of the plate at each
operation must be brought in contact with a gauge on the heading side of
the machine, and the plate is turned at each operation, the mechanism must be
self-adapting, and besides being self-adapting the mechanism must be arranged
with a view to avoid waste and to cut the plate up close to the nippers. One
end of the nail plate is inserted in a pair of nippers on the end of a cylindrical
rod provided with a boss or enlargement that cannot pass the feed rollers, and
therefore answers the purpose of a gauge to prevent the nippers from entering
between the knives; this rod is gripped between a pair of grooved feed
rollers, so that the rod can turn whilst it is being fed forward by the gripe of
the rollers. The nail plate, however twisted or winding, may therefore rest
fairly when brought down on to the bed knife; the arbor of one these rollers is
mounted in fixed bearings in the outer end of the feeder frame and carries &
ratchet wheel which turns the roller at each forward vibration of the feeder
frame. A sliding pawl which strikes against the stock of the bed knife or
any other fixed part of the machine actuates the ratchet wheel. As the feeder
frame returns the pawl is pushed in the opposite direction by a spring
preparatory to another operation. The arbor of the other roller is mounted
in a single bearing or box and gripes the upper rod by the tension of a spring.

page_text: The arbors of the two rollers are geared together and turn in opposite directions.
When the end of the nail rod strikes against a gauge attached to the stock of
the movable knife the forward motion is arrested and the rollers then slip;
in this way the necessity for an accurate adjustment of the feeding motion is
avoided. The nail plate and nippers slide in a tube which turns in the feeder
frame, and that end of the tube towards the knives is provided with two nose
pieces hinged thereto, one on each side; the inner faces of these nose pieces are
grooved to form ways, in which the edges of the nail plate slide, and they are
made to gripe the edges of the plate by the, tension of two springs, which
prevent the nail plate from being forced back by the cutting action. The
opposing tension of the springs will keep the centre of the nail plate in line,
whilst at the same time, by reason of their capacity to yield in either direction
at each turn of the nail plate, that edge of it which happens to be on the
beading side will be held against the usual guide or gauge employed to ensure
the making of the beads of the nails of a uniform size. For the purpose of
turning the nail plate there is secured to the lower end of the wrist or crank
pin a cogged pinion, the cogs of which engage the cogs of a wheel on the
nipper tube.
On one side of the axis of the crank pin one cog of the pinion
is of about equal radius with the crank, and from that cog extending around
in both directions the cogs are gradually inclined until on the opposite side of
the centre of the crank pin the cogs are bevilled to the inclination of the
pitch line. The number of cogs on the wheel of the nipper tube is just
double the number of the cogs on the pinion, so that one complete revolution
of the pinion will give just half a revolution to the nipper tube. To admit of
varying the lateral inclination of the line of feed motion to the line of the cut
of the knives to vary the taper of the nails to be produced, without at the
same time changing the size of the heads of the nails, the feeder frame is con-
nected with the main frame by an arm which is fitted to a hanger below the
bed knife; this arm is so connected with and secured to the hanger that it can
swing on it, and a part of the armi extends between two brackets provided with
set screws, by means of which the lateral inclination can be adjusted as
desired. For the purpose of adjusting the feeder frame laterally relatively to
the heading mechanism to vary the size of the heads of the nails without
changing the taper the pivots on which the feeder frame vibrates are threaded
and tapped in brackets, so that by turning the screws to the right or left the
required adjustment can be readily effected.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 21st February 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters,
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING NAILS," being a communication
from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention of "Improvements in Machinery for Making Nails relates
to that class of nail-making machinery in which the nails are cut from a plate
of metal, and has for its object to feed the plates automatically to the knives
or cutters of nail-cutting machines to be cut into nails. The failures hitherto
of this class of self-feeding machinery, no doubt have been due in a great
measure to the fact that those who have attempted to produce machinery for
this purpose have not clearly comprehended the mechanical problem required
to be solved.

page_text: or cutter.
With a view to the clear presentation of the nature of the present Invention
I will state what is required to be performed in order to properly feed the
plate to the knives. The plate to be operated upon must be presented to the
knives in a plane which, if projected, would pass through the axis on which
the movable knife or cutter vibrates, so that the cuts which sever the nails
from the plate may be at right angles to the plane of the plate. At the time
of the cutting action the plate must rest firmly and fairly on the bed knife
As the bed knife requires to be ground frequently that part of the
mechanism which holds and presents the plate in line must be capable of
easy adjustment to the varying height of the knife due to the grinding,
otherwise the plate will not be held in line, and for a like reason the mechanism
which brings the plate down on to the bed knife after it has been lifted, drawn
back, turned, and is being moved forward must be capable of easy adjustment,
or else the under surface will not be properly in contact with the bed knife
at the time of the cutting action. The plates from which the nails are cut.
are frequently twisted and uneven, and as they must be held at one end by
the nippers the mechanism which advances the nippers for each successive
nail to be cut must permit the nippers to turn so that they may be self adapting
to the twist of the plate, in order that the end from which a nail is to be cut,
may rest fairly on the bed knife at the time of the cutting operation. The
taper of the nails is determined by the inclination of the line of the feeding
motion from a right angle to the line of the cutting edges of the knives, and
as it is frequently required to vary the taper of the nails to suit the demands
of the market the mechanism which controls the line of motion of the plate
must be capable of lateral adjustment on an axis perpendicularly under the
line of cut, whilst at the same time such mechanism must be capable of lateral
adjustment without changing the angle of the line of feed motion for the
purpose of varying the size of the heads of the nails, for the nearer the edge
of the plate is brought to the heading mechanism the larger will be the heads
on the nails produced. In nail-cutting machines the range of motion of the
moveable knife or cutter is made as short as possible, because the shorter it
is the greater will be the leverage of the mechanism that impels it, and
besides experience has proved that the machines which give to the moveable
knife the shortest range of motion can be run so as to make the greatest
number of cuts in a given time, and are the least liable to wear and tear.
An automatic nail plate feeder to be of general practical uitlity must be
capable of being adapted to the nail-cutting machines in use, and to the
conditions which experience has shewn to be essential. As the machines in
general use have but one heading mechanism and the nails are cut tapering

page_text: the plate must be turned over after each cut. To perform this operation of
turning the plate must be lifted in order to clear the bed knife, and also drawn
back to clear the moveable cutter, and then not only moved forward to its
original position but that portion which is to form the next nail must be
moved forward between the knives; if the turning motion be derived (as in
some of the machines heretofore tried for this purpose) from the mechanism
which gives the back-and-forward motion to the plate the turning motion
will not be completed until the end of the forward or feeding-in motion, and.
the forward end of the plate in entering between the knives being still elevated.
above the bed knife will strike against the movable knife, which at that time is
descending to make the next cut. In the machines heretofore constructed
this conflict could be readily avoided by either retarding the downward motion
of the movable knife which would materially reduce the quantity of nails
made in a given time, or by increasing the range of motion of the movable.
knife which it is not desirable to do, the desideratum is to produce an automatic
feeder practically adapted to the existing condition of the nail machines in use.
Some of the difficulties referred to can be avoided by completing the turning
motion before the motion forward has progressed so far as to cause the plate
to enter between the knives, so that no portion of the plate will be between
the knives during any part of the turning operation.
Another difficulty has been experienced from the plates not being all of the
same width, and sometimes they being broader at one end than at the other.
And when nipped in the nippers the central line of the plate is seldom in line
with the axis of the nipper rod. As one of the edges of the plate at each.
operation must be brought in contact with a gauge on the heading side of the
machine and the plate is turned at each operation, the mechanism must be
self adapting, and besides being self adapting the mechanism must be arranged
with a view to avoid waste and to cut the plate up close to the nippers.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a plan of a nail machine with the
feeding mechanism; Fig. 2 is a side elevation; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section
of the feeder frame; Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the feeding rollers; Fig. 5,
a cross vertical section of the nipper tube; and Fig. 6 is a section taken in the
plane of the line A, a, of Figures 2 and 5.
A is the frame, B the bed knife, and C the moveable knife, the stock of which
vibrates in the usual manner, the line D, D, indicating the axis of vibration.
One end of the nail plate a is inserted in a pair of nippers b on the end of a
cylindrical rod c, which is formed or provided with a boss or enlargement d
that cannot pass the feed rollers and therefore answers the purpose of a gauge.
to prevent the nippers from entering between the knives. This rod is gripped

page_text: between a pair of feed 'rollers e, e, which are grooved in the direction of the
circumference in order to gripe the cylindrical part of the rod so that it can
turn whilst it is being fed forward by the gripe of the rollers. The nail plate,
however twisted or winding, may therefore rest fairly when brought down on
to the bed knife. The shaft of one of these rollers is mounted in fixed
bearings in the outer end of the feeder frame, to be presently described, and
it carries a ratchet wheel ƒ which is actuated to turn the roller at each
forward vibration of the feeder frame by a sliding pawl 9 which strikes against
the stock of the bed knife or any other fixed part of the machine. As the
feeder frame returns the pawl is pushed in the opposite direction by a spring
h preparatory to another operation. The shaft of the other roller is mounted.
in a single bearing or box, and it is caused to gripe the nipper rod by the
tension of a spring . The shafts of the two rollers are geared to turn,
together in opposite directions by two spur wheels j, j. The range of feed.
motion given to the rollers should be slightly more than sufficient for the
widest nails to be made in any one machine, and when the end of the nail rod
strikes against a gauge k attached to the stock of the moveable knife as usual
in nail machines the forward motion is thereby arrested and the rollers then
slip. In this way the necessity for an accurate adjustment of the feeding
motion is avoided. The rollers are bevilled at the upper end to facilitate the
introduction of the feeder rod between them, which is done by simply forcing
it down between them. The nail plate and nippers slide in a tube / which is
journaled so as to turn in the feeder frame and that end of the tube towards
the knives B, C, is provided with two nose pieces m, m, hinged thereto, one
on each side. The inner faces of these nose pieces are grooved to form ways
in which the edges of the nail plate slide, and they are made to gripe the edges
of the plate by the tension of two springs n, n, one on each side, which prevent
the nail plate from being forced back by the cutting action and by jars, and at
the same time they are self adapting to any variation in the width of the
plate. The opposing tension of the springs will tend. to keep the centre of the
nail plate in line, whilst at the same time by reason of their capacity to yield
in either direction at each turn of the nail plate that edge of it which happens
to be on the heading side will be held against the usual guide or gauge
employed to ensure the making of the heads of the nails of a uniform size.
The forward end of the feeder rod (carrying the nippers with the nail plate)
after each cut is lifted, drawn back, turned half a revolution, and moved back
to its original position., For these purposes there is a bevilled cog wheel p on
the driving shaft q, and this wheel gears into a corresponding bevil cog wheel r
on the end of a shaft s. This shaft s is mounted and turns in a box in a

page_text: bracket t of the frame, and beyond this bracket the shaft is connected by a
universal joint u with another shaft v, the journal of which is mounted in a
box w forked as at x, and these forks are hinged to another box y of another
shaft at or nearly at right angles with the shaft v, and these two shafts v and
are geared together by bevil pinions a¹, a¹. The opposite end of the shaft
is journaled to a box 6', the lower end of which is hollow and spread out as
at to make room for the revolutions of a crank pin d¹ on the lower end of
the said shaft z. To the lower portion of the part c¹ of the box is secured a
plate which forms ways for and which embrace a corresponding plate f¹ of
the feeder frame above the nipper tube 1, so that the two can slide longitudinally
the one on the other. The wrist of the crank d¹ on the lower end of the shaft
works in a cross mortise g¹ in the plate f¹ to give the required back-and-
forward motion to the feeder frame and its appendages, such as the nipper
tube, nippers, and nail plate. The feeder frame h¹ before referred to vibrates
on an axis at ¹, and as the two plates e¹ and f¹ are connected by ways so that
they can only slide longitudinally on each other, but cannot otherwise separate,
and the feeder frame vibrates on an axis below, the back-and-forward motion
being imparted by the crank d¹ on the shaft z, it will result that the nose pieces
of the nipper tube with the nail plate will be raised from the bed knife as the
feeder frame is moved back from the face of the movable cutter, and that on
the return motion they will be gradually depressed to bring the nail plate
back on to the bed knife as it is moved forward by the feed rollers the
required distance for another nail. For the purpose of turning the nail platé
there is secured to the lower end of the wrist or crank pin d¹ a cogged pinion j¹
of peculiar form, the cogs of which engage the cogs of a wheel k¹ on the
nipper tube l. On one side of the axis of the crank pin d¹ one cog of the
pinion is of about equal radius with the crank, and the pitch line of this cog
at the place of starting is in line with the axis of the shaft z, represented by
the line ",, and from that cog, extending around in both directions, the cogs
are gradually inclined until on the opposite side of the centre of the crank pin
the cogs are bevilled to the inclination of the pitch line m¹, m¹. The number
of cogs on the wheel k¹ of the nipper tube is just double the number of the
cogs on the pinion j³, so that one complete revolution of the pinion will give
just half a revolution to the nipper tube, and hence the pitch line of the cogs
on each half of the circumference of the wheel k¹ must be made to correspond,
that is to say, at the place of beginning corresponding with that cog on the
pinion which has its pitch line in the line of the axis of the shaft z; the cog
on the wheel k must have its pitch in the same line and corresponding with
what is termed a crown wheel, and from that point gradually inclined, so

page_text: that at the distance of a quarter of the circumference the cogs will be bevilled
to an inclination the reverse of the line m¹, m³. The second quarter of the cir-
cumference should be the reverse of the first, and the second half correspond
with the first half, and the line dividing the wheel in two equal parts and
passing through the two cogs which have their pitch line in the line of the
axis of the shaft z should be at right angles with the plane of the nail plate,
so that it (the nail plate) shall then be resting on the bed knife of the
machine. As the pinion j¹ is fast on the crank pin d and the pitch line of
one of its cogs is in line with the axis of the crank shaft z, and the face of
the wheel on the nipper tube is caused by the crank pin d¹ to recede from
and return to the line of the axis of the said shaft once in every revolution of
the said shaft and pinion, and the number of cogs on the wheel k¹ is double
the number of cogs on the pinion j¹, it will follow that every revolution of the
shaft will impart half a revolution to the wheel k³, and hence to the nipper
tube and nail plate within it; and as the pinion j¹ is excentric and part of the
pitch line of the cogs on its circumference is in line with the axis of revolution,
and at that part of its revolution its axis of revolution and the pitch line of
its cogs coincide, it will also follow that at that part of its circuit the wheel k¹,
although in gear with the pinion, will have a period of rest, whilst the pinion
continues to move.
The period of rest above described takes place at the end of the forward
motion of the nipper frame, and hence at the time the nail plate is advanced
between the knives by the feed motion, and at the begiuning of the back
motion, so that the plate does not begin sensibly to turn until after the back
movement has commenced, and the turning motion is completed before the
end of the forward motion and before the feed motion takes place, so that all
danger of conflict between the nail plate and the knives is avoided, notwith-
standing the starting and stopping of the turning motion are so gradual as to
avoid all jars and concussions when running at the highest velocities. The
axis of vibration. of the nipper frame is on a plate n' which is fitted to slide
vertically on a plate o¹ by an adjusting screw p¹, and it is held to the plate o¹
by a screw or bolt q¹ passing through an elongated slot r¹, so that the feeder
frame and its appendages can be readily elevated or depressed to adjust the
bearing of the nail plate on the bed knife. And the shaft v between the
universal joint and the bevil wheel a¹ is made in two parts, fitted to slide the
one within the other, and secured by a temper screw s¹ that the length of the
said shaft may be readily adjusted, so that in conjunction with the adjustment
before described for raising or lowering the feeder frame the inclination of
the nail plate can be varied at pleasure relatively to the knives, and its proper

page_text: bearing on the bed knife preserved. Other equivalent means of adjustment
may be substituted for those above described.
To admit of varying the lateral inclination of the line of feed motion to the
line of the cut of the knives to vary the taper of the nails to be produced
without at the same time changing the size of the heads of the nails, the
feeder frame is connected with the main frame by an arm t, of which the
plate o¹ before described makes part, and this arm is fitted to a hanger u¹
below the bed knife, the axis of which is at right angles or nearly so to the
axis of the nipper rod, and so that if projected it would bisect the cutting
edge of the bed knife. This arm is so connected with and secured to the said
banger u that it can swing on it, and a part of the arm extends between two
brackets (v, v, provided with set screws w¹, w¹,) by means of which the
lateral iuclination can be adjusted as desired.
For the purpose of adjusting the feeder frame laterally relatively to the
heading mechanism to vary the size of the heads of the nails without changing
the taper the pivots 1, 2, on which the said feeder frame vibrates are threaded
and tapped in brackets y¹, y¹, of the plate n¹ before described, so that by
turning the said screws to the right or left the required adjustment can be
readily effected. Any other equivalent mode of adjustment may be
substituted so long as it will not vary the lateral inclination of the feeder
frame.
What I claim as new in the Invention which has been communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, and I desire to secure by Letters Patent
is,―
First, the means described for giving to the nipper tube which carries the
nail plate the required motions, whereby all conflict between the nail plate and
the kuives is prevented.
Second, the combination of the cylindrical nipper rod which carries the nail
plate with the grooved feed rollers, whereby the feeding in of the nail plate is
effected by the biting friction of the feed rollers, while at the same time the
rod is free to turn so as to be self. adapting to any wind or twist of the nail
plate, as described.
Third, forming the feed rollers with bevilled ends and arranging them in
such a manner that one of them will be caused to gripe the nipper rod and
permitted to yield so as to admit of readily taking out and replacing the nipper
rod when a fresh nail plate is required, as set forth.
Fourth, the use of the spring and grooved nose pieces for guiding the nail
plate in combination with the nipper tube to which it is hinged, so as to be
self adapting to a nail plate of varying width, the edges of which are griped

page_text: along any portion of its length and capable of yielding together and with the
nail plate in either direction, as herein set forth.
Fifth, connecting the feeder frame with the frame of the machine by an
adjustable connection, so that it can be set higher or lower to admit of adjusting
the bearings of the nail plate on the bed knife as described; and this I also
claim in combination with the means for adjusting the inclination of the line
of feeding motion relatively to the plane of the surfaces of the knives, as and for
the purpose described.
Sixth, connecting the feeder frame with the main frame, so that its lateral
inclination may be varied to change the taper of the nails, as set forth.
And, seventh, connecting the feeder frame with the main frame, so that it
can be adjusted laterally to vary the size of the heads of the nails with or
without changing the taper of the nails, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-first day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON.
(L.S.)