An Improved Rivetting Machine.
Year: 1898

page_text: An Improved Rivetting Machine.
I, JOHN FIELDING, of Belmont, Upton Saint Leonards, in the County of
Gloucester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to an improved rivetting machine, worked by steam,
compressed air, or other elastic fluid.
Rivetting machines thus operated at present are of two kinds, viz., the kind
in which the rivetting operation is performed by compressive action, a single
stroke of the piston sufficing to close the rivet, and, secondly, of the kind whereby
the rivet is closed by percussive action, the rivetting tool being subjected to
repeated blows from a rapidly reciprocating piston.
The objection to the former type of machine is that it is necessarily of con-
siderable weight and cost as compared with the second, whilst the latter as at
present made is inferior to the first in regard to the quality of the rivetting, and
that the application of the rivetting tool to its work is not so expeditious and
simple, it being necessary to bring the tool down upon the rivet by hand before
admitting the working fluid to the machine, and also remove the tool by hand
from the finished rivet.
My invention relates to this type of machine, its object being to combine direct
compression with the percussive action in such manner as to enable the workman
to apply the rivetting tool to the rivet, complete the rivetting, and take off the
tool by the simple manipulation of the cock which admits the working fluid, at
the same time the direct compression takes up all spring of the frame which
carries the rivetting tools.
I accomplish this in the following manner, viz:
I provide in addition to the cylinder which contains the percussion piston, a
secondary pressing cylinder, the piston of which may either be formed by one
end of the percussion cylinder, or may be separated and connected thereto,
so that the forward and return movements respectively of the pressing piston
causes the percussion cylinder and rivetting tool to approach or recede from
the rivet.
The forward pressing movement is effected by the pressure of the working
fluid, whilst the return movement may be produced by a spring.
A port, or passage, or pipe may connect the percussion to the pressing cylinder,
so that when the working fluid is admitted to the latter, it may also obtain access
to the former, the effect being to press the rivetting tool upon the rivet, and at
the same time set the percussion piston into action, striking upon the end of
the tool to form the rivet head.
The rivet being finished, the working fluid is shut off, and an outlet port
opened to allow of the escape of fluid from the cyinders, whereupon the pressure
of a spring returns the pressing piston, taking the tool away from the rivet.
According to a modified arrangement the pressing cylinder and piston may be

page_text: used to press the rivetting tool upon the headed end of the rivet, whilst the per-
cussion piston operates upon the tool which forms the second head, thus the
pressing piston acts as an holder up," during the rivetting operation.
I am aware that a somewhat similar arrangement to this latter has already been
used, but in this case the pressing tool acted upon the headed end of the rivet
pressing the plates against a clamp on the other side, its object being to press
the rivet into its position, and the plates together, and not to press the opposing
tools against the end of the rivet, which is the object of my invention.
Where the machine is of the hinged or scissors type the pressing or percussion
cylinder, or both, may be arranged to act upon the opposite ends of the levers
to those which carry the rivetting tools.
Any type of percussion machine may be used.
JOHN FIELDING, late of Belmont, Upton Saint Leonards, Near Gloucester, now
of Brunswick Lawn, Brunswick Road, in the City of Gloucester, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
}
My invention relates to an improved rivetting machine worked by steam,
compressed air, or other elastic fluid.
Rivetting machines thus operated at present are of two kinds, viz. the kind
in which the rivetting operation is performed by compressive action, a single
stroke of the piston sufficing to close the rivet, and secondly of the kind whereby
the rivet is closed by percussive action, the rivetting tool being subjected to
repeated blows from a rapidly reciprocating piston.
The objection to the former type of machine is that it is necessarily of con-
siderable weight and cost as compared with the second, whilst the latter as at
present made is inferior to the first in regard to the quality of the rivetting, and
that the application of the rivetting tool to its work is not so expeditious and
simple, it being necessary to bring the tool down upon the rivet by hand before
admitting the working fluid to the machine, and also remove the tool by hand
from the finished rivet.
My invention relates to this type of machine, its object being to combine direct
compression with the percussive action in such a manner as to enable the workman
to apply the rivetting tool to the rivet, complete the rivetting, and take off the
tool by the simple manipulation of the cock which admits the working fluid, at
the same time the direct compression takes up all spring of the frame which
carries the rivetting tools.
I accomplish this in the following manner, viz :—
I provide in addition to the cylinder which contains the percussion piston, a
secondary pressing cylinder, the piston of which may either be formed by one
end of the percussion cylinder, or it may be separated and connected thereto,
so that the forward and return movements respectively of the pressing piston
causes the percussion cylinder and rivetting tool to approach or recede from
the rivet.
The forward pressing movement is effected by the pressure of the working
fluid, whilst, the return movement may be produced by a spring.
A port, or passage, or pipe may connect the percussion to the pressing cylinder,

page_text: so that when the working fluid is admitted to the latter, it may also obtain access
to the former, the effect being to press the rivetting tool upon the rivet, and at
the same time set the percussion piston into action, striking upon the end of
the tool to form the rivet head.
The rivet being finished, the working fluid is shut off, and an outlet port
opened to allow of the escape of fluid from the cylinders, whereupon the pressure
of a spring returns the pressing piston, taking the tool away from the rivet.
According to a modified arrangement the pressing cylinder and piston may be
used to press the rivetting tool upon the headed end of the rivet, whilst the per-
cussion piston operates upon the tool which forms the second head, thus the
pressing piston acts as an holder up," during the rivetting operation.
"
I am aware that a similar arrangement to this latter has already been used,
but in this case the pressing tool acted upon the headed end of the rivet pressing
the plates against a clamp on the other side, its object being to press the rivet into
its position, and the plates together, and not to press the opposing tools against
the end of the rivet, which is the object of my invention.
Where the machine is of the hinged or scissors type the pressing or percussion
cylinder, or both, may be arranged to act upon the opposite ends of the levers
to those which carry the rivetting tools.
Any type of percussion machine may be used.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
A is the body of the machine, at one end of which is fitted the stationary
rivetting die B, the other end having screwed into it the pressing cylinder A¹,
to the piston F of which is connected the percussion cylinder 1), which may
be fitted with any known system of automatic action producing the rapid
reciprocation of a piston E.
A simple example of such action, but forming no essential part of this inven-
tion, is shewn in the drawing, where the piston E is made with two diameters
so that an annular area C is left upon the piston, against which pressure
is constantly exerted to effect its return stroke.
The working fluid is supplied by means of a pipe connected to the cock S¹,
through which it enters the port S in the piston F, thence by channels cut in
the surface of the cap T, which closes in the end of cylinder D by the passages L L,
and ports, and into the annular space e.
As shewn by the drawing the pressing cylinder D is at the extreme backward
position into which it is returned by the pressure of the spring D.
In the walls of the pressing cylinder D are drilled passages L L, M M, and
ports, NO, also ports P P.
Fig. 2 is a cross section of the pressing cylinder D at the line X Y in
Fig. 1, shewing these ports L L, MM, and P' P.
For the sake of clearance is should be explained that Fig. 1 shews a section
at its upper side through one of the ports L, and at its lower side through one
of the ports M, but in practice it is preferable to place the two ports of the
same kind exactly opposite each other.
The ports MM, communicate by means of the ports N, O, with the bore of
the cylinder where they are alternately covered and uncovered by the reciproca-
tions of the piston E produced in the following manner:
Assuming the piston E to be moving to the left on its return stroke, the
shoulder Q will uncover the ports N, N, admitting pressure by the ports M, M, 0, 0,
to the rear of the piston E, which owing to the greater area of its rear end causes
it to be reversed, driving towards the right to strike the blow. Just before it
reaches the end of this stroke the rear end of the piston E passes over and
uncovers the exhaust ports P, P, and as soon as the pressure behind E is thereby
sufficiently reduced the constant pressure acting upon the annular area e again
causes the piston to travel to the left.
This action is repeated at a very rapid rate, the piston striking the shank of

page_text: the rivetting die C, and thus, assisted by the compressive action of the cylinder A¹,
heading the rivet. A port R is provided to allow of the escape of any leakage
past the smaller part of piston E.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
11
massive and navorecive nation onhotantiall
the rivetting die C, and thus, assisted by the compressive action of the cylinder A¹,
heading the rivet. A port R is provided to allow of the escape of any leakage
past the smaller part of piston E.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A rivetter operating by a combined pressing and percussive action, ouhotantially
as described.
Dated this Fourth day of September in the year One thousand eight hundred
ninety
JOHN FIELDING.
Witness,
CECIL GREENHILL,
Yew Tree House, Longlevens, 111'. Gloucester, 4/9/99.