IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-OVENS FOR STOVING OR BAKING ROLLS OF TOBACCO
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We, JOSEPH YOUNG and RICHARD YOUNG, both of 71 Higher Bridge Street,
Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Tobacco Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of our Invention' for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-OVENS FOR STOVING OR
BAKING ROLLS OF TOBACCO," to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved method of constructing fire-ovens for
stoving or baking rolls of tobacco, and consists in providing mechanical means to
enable stoving or baking to be performed under pressure, with the result of
improving the quality of the tobacco, as well as retaining the moisture, and
facilitating the operation of the same with a minimised loss from evaporation.
We accomplish this by providing the top of the oven with a strong plate, over
which the draught passes to the chimney. This plate is provided with several
bolts and ferrules for supporting the top plate at the requisite distance for the
draught chamber. In the draught cavity between the top outside plate and the
top inside plate in the oven, is placed a suitable metallic screwed bush or nut,
securely fixed by convenient means, through which a screwed spindle passes for the
purpose of imparting pressure on the top covering plate or plates placed over the
rolls when being stoved or baked.
For the purpose of allowing free circulation of the heat, the bottom of the oven
is provided with loose bars of iron or otherwise; on these bars is placed a metallic
plate on which the rolls are placed, the latter being covered by a similar plate, on
the top or upper side of which loose bars are placed; on these bars also a metallic"
plate is placed, thus leaving a cavity between the carrying plate of one tier and the
covering plate of another, for the purpose described, and so on, until the oven is
filled or otherwise, after which the top plate is put on, when it is operated and put
under pressure by the aforesaid screw, thus imparting an equal pressure throughout
the oven, which has the effect of closing the strands of tobacco closely, as well as
the bands or cords encircling the same, causing the moisture to be retained, which
is necessary to maintain the quality of the tobacco, at the same time facilitating
stoving or baking; resulting in considerable economy both as regards time, labor,
and expense.

page_text: One side of the oven is provided with suitable ledgings on which one end of the
carrying or covering plates are carried when the oven is being filled, for the
purpose of facilitating the insertion of the cavity bars, after which, they are slided
off the ledges laterally, thus allowing the plates and rolls of tobacco to undergo the
pressure imparted by the screw.
The advantages of this invention are, that the stoving or baking power of the
oven is considerably increased, by which, the moisture is maintained in the tobacco,
thus reducing the loss from evaporation to a minimum, as well as improving its
quality and color.

page_text: We, JOSEPH YOUNG and RICHARD YOUNG, both of 71 Higher Bridge Street,
Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Tobacco Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of our Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-OVENS FOR STOVING OR
BAKING ROLLS OF TOBACCO," and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved method of constructing fire-ovens for
stoving or baking rolls of tobacco, and consists in providing mechanical means
to enable stoving or baking to be performed under pressure, with the result of
improving the quality of the tobacco, as well as retaining the moisture and
facilitating the operation of the same with a minimised loss from evaporation.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a sectional elevation of our improved
fire-ovon filled with rolls of tobacco under pressure, and Fig. 2 a transverse section
of the oven empty, with the oven and fire doors open. The oven is constructed of
suitable metal (preferably cast iron) and mounted or seated in any convenient way
over the fire-grate A; the flues B being constructed in any suitable way as desired.
The oven C is encased on all sides in the flues B except the front side which is
provided with the doors D and E, the latter being the fire-door. The fire is placed
on the grate A, the heat and smoke passing up the flues B and over the top plate F
of the oven to the chimney G. The flue or passage K over the oven is formed by
placing the strong plate H as shewn, which is secured to the top of the oven by
the bolts I and ferrules J, thus maintaining the requisite distance for the draught
chamber. In the draught cavity K between the plate H and the top plate Fis
fixed the metallic screwed bush or nut L, through which the screwed spindle M
passes.
To ensure perfect circulation of heat, which is highly necessary when stoving or
baking rolls of tobacco, we place in the bottom of the oven the loose bars N over
which is placed the metallic plate O. On the plate O the rolls of tobacco Pare
placed, as shewn in Fig. 1, being covered by the plate O¹; on this plate the loose
bars N are placed, the latter being covered by the plate O, leaving the cavity R
between the carrying plate of one tier and the covering plate of another, and so on
until the oven is filled, or otherwise, after which, the plate S is placed in position
under the screw M, when the latter is operated by an ordinary key or spanner,
thus imparting an uniform pressure on the whole mass of tobacco in the oven, with
the result of closing the strands of the rolls of tobacco, as well as the bands or
cords encircling them, causing the moisture to be retained, this being necessary to
maintain the quality, which also assists in stoving or baking.
One side of the oven is provided with the ledgings or shelves T, on which one
end of the covering plates are rested when the rolls of tobacco are being inserted
between them, after which they are slid off laterally, when the rolls of tobacco and
the plates are ready to undergo pressure from the screw M.
It will be readily seen that by the use of this invention that the stoving or
baking power of the oven is considerably increased by the retention of the moisture
in the tobacco, which is caused by the strands being closed by pressure, consequently
the loss from evaporation is reduced to a minimum, with the result of improving
its quality and color.
When the oven is charged the door D is closed and secured by any convenient
means, when stoving or baking can be performed for any length of time; the
pressure being regulated at will from the outside.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
Stoving or baking rolls of tobacco under pressure in a fire-oven, and the appliances
for effecting the same or any mere modification, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set-forth.