A NEW AND IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER BAGS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of
France, and 38, Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "A NEW AND IMPROVED
MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER BAGS."-A communication from
Joseph Auguste Puginier, Lieutenant in the 88th Regiment of the Line,
residing at Lyons. in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 24th April 1868, and dated the 28th October 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his. Petition, on
the 28th October 1867.
1, HENRI ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices,
24, Rue du Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester
Terrace, Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED MACHINE
FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER BAGS," a communication from Joseph Auguste
Paginier, Lieutenant in the 88th Regiment of the Line, a person resident
at Lyons, in the Empire of France, aforesaid, to be as follows:-
The principle of the Invention now communicated to me consists in the
continuity and simultaneousness of the different operations, and in the
adherence arising from the useof an endlesscaoutchone feedcloth which carries
[Price 8d.1

page_text: along with it the paper with which the bags are manufactured. This machine
is composed of a frame supporting at one of its extremities a drum on which
is wound the continuous sheet of paper, and in advance of this drum two
pressure rollers between which passes the sheet of paper which they draw
along in the rotation movement imparted to them as also to the drum by any
sort of convenient motive power. The sheet of paper is thus carried along
the endless caoutchouc cloth actuated with an intermittent progressive
movement by means of the rollers supporting them which receive their
motion from the motive power of the machine. At the first stoppage of the
endless cloth the paper is cut to the length required and in the right way to
make a bag by means of a knife descending perpendicularly in slides on to
the paper; the piece of paper is next carried along on the endless cloth and
passes under a metal plate actuated with a to-and-fro movement, during
which the sides of the piece of paper are folded by two moveable blades placed
on each side; the paper then continues to be carried along and passes under a
glueing apparatus, which spreads a layer of glue on one of the sides of the
piece of paper, which is folded down and pasted on to the other side, which is
also folded down by means of two folding apparatus; the piece of paper
continues to be carried along, passes under a second glueing apparatus, which
spreads a layer of glue on the end which is to form the bottom of the bag;
the bag now nearly formed still proceeds along with the endless cloth, and
engages itself under two metal plates actuated with an alternative hori-
zontal movement, which in part discovers the bag and allows of a folding
piece to raise and fold down again this portion of the bag which is to form
the bottom at the moment it receives the glue; the bag is still drawn along
in order to pass between two pressers which ensure the glueing, after
which it is rejected from the endless cloth into a suitable receptacle.
The improvements constituting this Invention are represented in the
accompanying Drawings, which is a sectional and longitudinal view in eleva-
tion, in which A,A, are the feed drums; C, D, the pressure rollers; g³, h¹, v². j¹,
k¹, l, m, n², the endless cloth; p, p, the rollers supporting the endless cloth;
G, G", the moveable folding down blades; K, K', the glueing apparatus;
P, the folding apparatus; Z, the pressers; R, the driving pulley; R¹, a roller
stretching the endless cloth; L, cam actuating the rods Y transmitting the
horizontal movements to the plates; S, spiral spring actuating the rods V;
T¹¹, rods actuating the knife; X, Y, endless cloth effecting the departure
of the bags.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henri Adrien Bonneville in the Great Seal Patent Office.
on the 25th April 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I. HENRI'
ADRIEN BONNEVILLE, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 24, Rue du
Mont Thabor, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 38, Porchester Terrace,
Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henri Adrien Bonneville, Her special licence that I, the said Henri
Adrien Bonneville, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "A NEW AND IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER
BAGS," a communication from Joseph Auguste Pugiuier, Lieutenant in the
88th Regiment of the Line, a person resident at Lyous, in the Empire of
France, aforesaid, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Heuri
Adrien Bonneville, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and*
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The principle of the Invention now communicated to me consists in the
continuity and simultaneousness of the different operations, and in the ad-
herence arising from the use of an endless caoutchouc feed cloth which carries
along with it the paper with which the sacks are manufactured. This machine
is composed of a frame supporting at one of its extremities a drum on which

page_text: is wound the continuous sheet of paper, and in advance of this drum two
pressure rollers between which passes the sheet of paper which they draw
along in the rotation movement imparted to them, as also to the drum, by any
sort of convenient motive power. The sheet of paper is thus carried along
the endless caoutchouc cloth actuated with an intermittent progressive move-
ment by means of the rollers supporting them which receive their motion
from the motive power of the machine. At the first stoppage of the endless
cloth the paper is cut to the length required and in the right way to make a
sack by means of a knife descending perpendicularly in slides on to the paper;
the piece of paper is next carried along on the endless cloth and passes under
a metal plate actuated with a to-and-fro movement, during which the sides of
the piece of paper are folded by two moveable blades placed on each side;
the paper then continues to be carried along and passes under a glueing
apparatus, which spreads a layer of glue on one of the sides of the piece of
paper, which is folded down and pasted on to the other side, which is also
folded by means of two folding apparatus; the piece of paper continues to be
carried along, passes under a second glueing apparatus, which spreads a layer
of glue on the end which is to form the bottom of the sack; the sack now
nearly formed still proceeds along with the endless cloth and engages itself
under two metal plates actuated with an alternative horizontal movement,
which in part discovers the sack and allows of a folding piece to raise and
fold down again this portion of the sack which is to form the bottom at the
moment it receives the glue; the sack is still drawn along in order to pass
between two pressers which ensure the glueing, after which it is rejected
from the endless cloth into a suitable receptacle.
The improvements constituting this Invention are represented in the
accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 of which is a longitudinal elevation, Fig. 2
a transversal section, Fig. 3 a top plan, and Fig. 4 a plan view by E, V,
Fig. 1; Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, are detail views.
Movement is imparted to the different organs in the following manner :-
The pulley S fixed ou the shaft V receives by means of the strap the
movement imparted by the motor. This shaft V carries a cylinder U which
transmits its motion to an endless cloth made of or covered with caoutchouc
or india-rubber g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n; this endless cloth moves on a series of
cylinders d', d', d'. The tension of the caoutchouc or india-rubber cloth is
obtained by means of the cylinder S', the axle of which is moveable in a
vertical slide. The axle of this cylinder carries a dented wheel gearing in
with a rack fixed upon the frame of the machine; a catch allows of arresting

page_text: and fixing the cylinder S' at any point of the rack as may be found convenient,
so that the endless cloth is constantly kept in a suitable state of tension. This
endless india-rubber cloth which constitutes one of the chief features of the
machine is made as shown in Figure 5. The core consists of four or five cloth
hands united together by an india-rubber cloth of the same thickness; the
upper and lower parts are coated with a thick layer of india-rubber, which
forms the carrying away substance of the paper. This point is insisted on as
the regular carrying away of the paper cannot take place otherwise than by
means of an endless cloth prepared after this manner. The shaft V besides
the cylinder U which it sets in motion imparts motion likewise to a cam
situate at its extremity in O. The bossages of this cam successively strike a
roller, figured in N, so as to cause the rod H, H, to oscillate around the
fixed point in its oscillatory movement; this rod H, H³, connected with
the rods T, T', imparts to them a horizontal motion by which they carry
away the elbowed rod T" which is connected with them in r, s. It is
during this movement that the rods T, T¹, actuate the fall-down pieces g,g¹,g",
the play of which will be presently explained, and imparting to the knife
an oscillating movement, which brings about the ascensional and desceusional
movement of the saw, the play of which will be likewise presently examined
The rolier N is constantly being pressed against the cam O by the action
of the helical spring which the rods T, T, carry. The paper with which the
sacks are to be made is wound on two wooden drums A and B; the axles of
these drums freely move in open bearings, so that the drum may be removed
at will in order to substitute another in its stead or to furnish it with more
paper when the first supply is exhausted. The drum A carries the paper with
which the exterior part of the sack is to be made; the drum B that with
which the inside of the sack is to be made. By suppressing the druin B the
machine will no longer make other than plain sacks by a series of operations
identical with those which are about to be described. The papers on leaving
the drums A and B pass on two rollers C and D; these two rollers are so
fixed as to produce a friction on the paper bands. This friction enables the
paper to reach the two rollers E and G without being rumpled or changing
direction. The two rollers C and D are so disposed as to allow no more than
a partial lapping over of the two bands (Fig. 6). The paper then passes
between the two rollers E and G which are separated by a metal plate, so
that the paper of the drum A will slide between the metal plate and the
cylinder G, and the paper of the drum B between the metal plate and the
cylinder E. These two rollers on the whole of that portion in contact with

page_text: the paper are covered over with a cloth india-rubber band, which it is needful
to use if the carrying away of the paper is desired. The diameter of the
roller E is superior to that of the roller G; it results that the band of paper
which is to form the internal sack will be carried forward at a speed slower
than that of the lower band, so that after having passed through the opening
of the knife which cuts the papers to their required length the two sheets are
brought into the position shown in Figure 7. Motion is imparted to the two
rollers E and G by the roller F, which is itself actuated by the endless cloth.
To that effect the drum is furnished with a dented wheel gearing in with a
whee! H fixed to a horizontal moveable shaft; this wheel H in its turn gears
in with the dented wheel furnished to the cylinder G communicating its
motion to the cylinder E. On quitting the feed cylinders E and G-the paper
is borne to the knife. A metal plate c', c³, forming a bridge prevents the
folding or dog's-earing of the paper during the course travelled over by the
feed cylinders to the knife. The paper on reaching the knife passes in a
longitudiral slot, and on its issuing is subjected to the action of the saw.
This slot serves to maintain the paper and to prevent it yielding before the
tool which is to cut it (Fig. 8). The paper should then be cut to the
required length by the dented knife. A peculiar disposition of the knife
enables the paper to be cut even whilst in motion without tearing the same.
To this effect the knife during its action follows the forward movement of the
paper. This movement is produced in the following manner: -The knife,
assuming the form of a saw, is fixed to a vertical rod and carries a cam L;
this rod may oscillate around the axle M, M. Two metal plates N, N', are
furnished each with a projection in contact with the cam L. It results that
by reason of the reciprocal movement of the rods T, T", an oscillatory move-
ment of the rod K around M is produced, and at the same time an ascensional
movement by reason of the action of the cam on the projection; the helical
spring 6 facilitates the descent of the rod. By this means it will be seen that
the dented knife whilst actuated with an ascensional movement allowing it to
act on the paper has also a momentary movement of translation in the
direction of that of the paper, by which a moment's stoppage is avoided. The
dented knife simultaneously cuts the paper to the length required, and makes
the two slits i, k, i¹, k¹, (Fig. 9). This result is obtained by placing against
the blades a, b, and in a direction perpendicular to its movement, two other
blades also dented c, c', connected with t'e blade a, b, by corner irons
(Fig. 10). The sack is thus cut to the required length, and at the same time
the dented knife has prepared the slits i, k, i, k, in accordance with which

page_text: the paper will be folded. The piece of paper then engages itself between the
metal plate N and the endless india-rubber cloth. The adherence between
the india-rubber and the paper enables the endless cloth to carry away the
sack to be made under the metal plate N. The india-rubber cloth is actuated
at a speed exceeding that of the feed cylinders. This increase of speed
has two objects, 1°, to produce a sufficient tension of the paper during the
cutting; o, to produce a sufficient space between the sacks when cut.
The metal plate N is composed of three parts N, N', N", all joined together
by means of bolted metal plates; these plates are not applied in their whole
width on the india-rubber cloth, they have in section the convexity set forth
in Fig. 11. This shape has in view to prevent the counter adherence of the
paper to the metal plate, an adherence which might be brought about by
reason of a sort of exudation which accumulates on the middle of the strap,
and which forms on the metal plate a glutinous deposit which might impede
the regular progress of the paper. This shape, moreover, allows of obtaining
a lateral application of the metal plate by means of springs resting on the
convex part. The paper first of all travels over the course e, e", whereat it
meets to the right and to the left two little moveable blades 9, 91, the action
of which will be presently explained. At the moment when the paper
engaged under the metal plates N, N₁, N11, arrives at the points e, e¹1, the
metal plates N, N¹, N", have a forward movement imparted to them, whilst
the bevelled metal plates g, g¹, fall upon the india-rubber cloth. It results
that the paper continuing to progress under the influence of the motion of
the india-rubber cloth a portion of the paper will pass on the metal plates;
the portion which will cover over the metal plates g, gl, will be equal to the
length of the parts cut i, k, and i³, k³, of the Fig. 9. The metal plates g. 9².
then are raised, and the metal plates N, N¹, N", continue their movement
underneath g, g, and the portion of paper which was above g, g', is folded.
The forward movement continues, the paper passes to the left under the first
glueing apparatus K, and on that side of the sack a layer of glue or paste of a
given breadth is deposited in its entire length. The glueing apparatus K, K³,
are disposed as follows:-They are made either with a disk as in the first
glueing apparatus, or with a rolleras in the second apparatus plunging into a
trough filled with paste. This disk or roller on turning becomes loaded
with paste which it carries away in its rotation movement; but a blade or
scraper suitably disposed by means of a pressure screw regulates the requisite
amount of paste which it spreads uniformly on the edge of the sack as it
passes. After passing under the first glueing apparatus the sack passes under
the folders, which are so disposed that the part unstuck is folded down before

page_text: that on which is the paste. These folders are each made up of two helicoidal
parts; the one stationary p,p',and the other moveable p". The lateral folding
begun under the stationary parts is terminated under the moveable part p". The
sticking and the folding of the bottom of the sack is effected in the following
manner: The paper having reached the point R. the folder p" is drawn back
by the rod T". During that time the paper continuing to progress under the
influence of the india-rubber cloth is raised upon the metal plate 9", which
at that instant falls down; at the same moment the piece p" is actuated
afresh with a progressive movement and engages itself under the metal
plate g. That part of the sack which had passed under this same plate is
thereupon folded down; at the same time when the plate falls the bottom of
the sack is brought to lick the roller of the glueing apparatus K; the lower
edge which is to form the bottom of the sack being folded down the sack is
finished. The sack yet travels a certain distance under the metal plates in
such wise as to be compressed by the piece g, g', which ensures the sticking
The metal plate is terminated by a fork, the object of which is to prevent the
sack unsticking, an accident which would take place if the sack was at that
moment compressed in its whole length. The sack is ejected on the endless
cloth X, Y, where it may be seized. It is well on the one hand that the
endless cloth be long enough, and on the other hand that the sacks be not
allowed to pile up on coming out on the endless cloth, so that one may watch
the progress of the sack and see that all goes on with order in the machine,
that the glueing apparatus work as they should, that the paste is neither too
thick nor too liquid, and such like observations. The course and the length
of the sack are so calculated that the two movements of stoppage and of
recoil of the plates N, N¹, N", may take place simultaneously, in other words,
that the fall-down plates g and g³ are raised to fold the lower lateral portions
of the sack which has not yet passed under the first glueing apparatus just as
the fall-down plate g¹¹ is raised to fold the bottom of another sack which
issues from the second glueing apparatus. This movement corresponds also
with the oscillation of the rod which carries the knife. Thus simultaneously
the saw cuts a sack to the length required; a second sack has the lower
lateral portions folded down by the fall-down plates g and g'; a third and a
fourth sack pass under the folders; a fifth under the glueing apparatus K',
and a sixth sack is thrown on the cloth X, Y. This simultaneousness is per-
fectly well indicated in this sense that the length of the parts which correspond
to each of these operations are within the proportions required that these
movements may take place in the order above described.
Having thus particularly described the nature of the said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, what
I claim and wish to secure by Letters Patent is, the novel organs or novel
dispositions of organs constituting the above machine, substantially as herein-
before fully set forth and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien Bonneville, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
H. BONNEVILLE. (L.B.)