Improvements in Apparatus for Making Small Bags or Packets.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Oct., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Making Small Bags or Packets.
I, GARLEF HEINRICH STECHMANN of 95 Rose Street, Urmston, Manchester,
Tobacco and Cigarette Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an apparatus for making complete in one operation
small bags of paper, textiles, metal foil or any suitable material. The apparatus
consists of a top or front-plate, a bottom or backplate, and a right hand and left
hand sideplate made of metal, wood, stone or any suitable material. These four
plates when in their proper position form a slot for the whole of their length. A
ram measuring in width and thickness the exact size of the inside of the intended
packet travels through and beyond the said slot propelled forward and backward
by suitably arranged levers, pulleys, wheels, etc. fixed on to the main
countershaft, or shafts.
or
The front or entrance end of the slot is bell-mouthed. A small distance inside
the slot, projecting from and fixed to the side plates is a pair or set of bars one for
each side-plate and exactly opposite each other, the foremost ends of which form
a curved convex wedge with the thin end towards the entrance of the slot and on
the sideplates. The thick end of the wedge merges into and continues as a straight
edge or face which runs parallel to the sideplate. These bars are of less thickness
than the sideplates and when in position leave a passage or space between them-
selves and the frontplate and the backplate.
At a suitable distance from the first set of bars is a second pair fixed opposite
each other to the sideplates and in close contact with the frontplate but arranged
in thickness so as to leave a space or passage between themselves and the back-
plate. The ends of this set of bars nearest to the entrance of the slot are wedge
shaped from two of their four sides. The wedged part being of a kind of a
conical shape. The remaining part of these bars have the sides facing each other
parallel to the sideplates.
At a suitable distance from the end of the second set of bars is a third set or
pair, which are wedged in the same way as the second set. They are fixed opposite
each other to the side-plates and are of such thickness that they are in close
contact with both the frontplate and the backplate.
The thin ends of these wedges rest on the backplate and as in the case of the
bars described previously have a straight side or face from the thick end of the
wedge onward parallel to the sideplates and continue until the end of the slot.
Each of this third set of bars is bored or hollowed out almost the whole of their
length for the purpose of heating them by steam, hot air or otherwise admitted by
suitable inlets and outlets.
Two gumming rollers or wheelbrushes one for each side of the intended packet
are fixed at a suitable distance from each other on an axle or shaft running in
journal boxes and may be driven by suitably arranged levers, wheels, pulleys and
straps worked from the main or countershaft or shafts.
These rollers work on the one part in connection with a set of rollers arranged
for the supply and even distribution of adhesive matter.
These gumming rollers in connection with the distributing rollers may be placed
either at the entrance of the slot or inside the slot immediately behind the second
set of bars as previously described. In either case they are arranged at such a
distance from the part of parts underneath so as to leave sufficient space for the
material passing to come in contact with their rim or outer periphery. A small
cavity is provided underneath each roller and each cavity is filled again by a small

page_text: plate which by means of suitable levers, camwheels, springs or weights are movable
to and fro the gumming rollers. These plates are moved towards the rollers whilst
and when the gumming operation is being performed and recede again as soon as
the gumming operation is finished. In case where these gumining rollers are placed
to work inside the slot behind the second set of bars a small guide-bar is attached
to each sideplate reaching from the rollers to the third set of bars. These guide
bars are in contact with the top or frontplate but a certain space is allowed for
between them and the bottom or backplate.
The apparatus may be arranged in such a way that the ram works either
vertically or horizontally. Its action is as follows:-
Supposing the ram to be withdrawn from the slot the packet material cut to
proper size is placed over or in front of the slot, the centre of the material on the
centre of the slot. The ram in its downward or forward movement towards and
into the slot carries the material with it, forms the bottom of the packet and lays
the sides flat on to its faces. The material being wider than the ram overlaps the
latter on all sides. As soon as the ram in its progress brings the overlap of the
bottom of the packet into contact with the first set of bars this overlap is folded
up and laid on to the sides of the ram. The ram next brings the material into
contact with the second set of bars which by their wedge-shape form bend or fold
down on to the sides of the ram those overlaps of the material which are nearest
the top or frontplate. Assuming now that the gumming rollers are placed inside
the slot, the gumming process here begins. The overlap of the material nearest
to the bottom or backplate enters between the gumining rollers and the small movable
plates which at this moment are by the means above described moved towards the
rollers from which being now in close contact the material receives the necessary
adhesive matter in its progress the whole length of the overlap. At the same time
the inner faces of the rollers and the following guide-bars provide that the over-
laps which have already been folded to the sides of the ram do not return from
that position. As soon as the third set of bars are reached the overlap nearest to
the bottom or backplate gets folded or turned up by the said wedges and in its
progress is pressed on to the overlaps which were already formed by the previous
processes and by means of the adhesive matter imparted to it by the gumming
rollers adheres to them. The remaining length of the third or last set of bars
being heated the moisture is extracted from the adhesive matter and as the now
ready-formed packet leaves the slot all parts remain in position as folded.
When
the ram has arrived at its utmost downward or forward position it begins its back-
ward movement, the packet draws itself from the ram and falls into any receptacle
provided for the purpose.
In order to secure a proper tension on the material passing through the slot the
face of the front or top plate, or of the back or bottom plate, or of both may be
lined with a soft material such as flannel etc. of the width of the ram.
Dated this 1st day of January 1894.
J. E. EVANS-JACKSON & Co.,
45, Holborn Viaduct, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Making Small Bags or Packets.
I, GARLEF HEINRICH STECHMANN of 95 Rose Street, Urmston, Manchester,
of the Firm of, and trading as B. Kriegsfeld and Co., Tobacco and Cigarette
Manufacturers, of 45 Lower Mosley Street, Manchester, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement. :-
:-
This invention relates to an apparatus for making complete, that is to say,
receiving, folding, gumming, and delivering finished, in one operation small bags or

page_text: doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part of this
Specification and used therewith.
These drawings represent in :-
Fig. 1. A front elevation.
Fig. II. A right hand side elevation.
Fig. III. A sectional detail view of the slot (the right hand sideplate being
broken away) of the gumming devices on the right hand side, of the movable
cavity plates on the left hand side, and of the arrangements of the levers, cams etc.
operating the same.
Fig. IV. A vertical longitudinal section (through centre of Fig. II) of the slot
showing the three pairs of forming or fulding bars and of the guide bars.
Figs. V & VI. Perspective views of the second and third forming bars on the
left hand side plate with their conical wedges facing the inside of the slot.
Fig. VII. A horizontal transverse section of the slot with section of the first
set of folding bars.
Fig. VIII. A horizontal transverse section of the slot with section of the
second pair of folding bars.
Fig. IX. A horizontal transverse section of the slot with section of the guide
bars.
Fig. X. A horizontal transverse section of the slot with section of the third pair
of folding bars.
The apparatus may be arranged so as to work either horizontally or vertically.
For my convenience I describe the same as working vertically. For this purpose
it is secured to any suitable frame, bench or table, and the mainshaft B. with
disc A, cams 23 and 24, V grooved pulley, 32, fast and loose driving pulley P. is
supported by the frame C. The apparatus consists of a front plate 1, a back-
plate 1, a right hand sideplate, 2, and a left hand side plate, 21. These four
plates, when in their proper position form a slot, 3, for the whole of their length.
A ram or plunger, 4, measuring in width and thickness the exact size of the inside
of the intended packet, is propelled through and beyond the slot, 3, by means of a
connecting rod, D, pivotted at one end to the ram at F. and at the other end to the
disc at E. When outside the slot, the ram or plunger is held in position and
guided by a pair of uprights or standards, O and O', which form a slide and effect
that the centre of the plunger is kept exactly over the centre of the slot and
descends into it without running counter. The motion imparted to the ram or
plunger may also be obtained by other means but the arrangement as described
suits my convenience. The top or entrance eud of the slot is bellmouthed. A
small distance inside the slot, fixed exactly opposite each other to, and projecting
from the side plates is a set or pair of forming or folding bars, 5 and 51, one for
each plate, the fore or uppermost ends of which are formed into a curved convex
wedge with the thin or rounded end towards the entrance of the slot.
The thick ends or continuing parts of the bars continue as straight edges or faces
parallel to the side plates. These first folding bars are of less thickness than the
sideplates and when in position leave a passage or space 6 and 6', (Figs. HI, VII)
between themselves and the front plate and the back plate. At a suitable distance
from the first set of folding bars is a second pair, 7 and 71, fixed opposite each other
to the sideplates and in close contact with the frontplate (Figs. III and VIII)
but arranged in thickness, so as to leave a space or passage, 8 and 8', (Figs. III
and VIII) between themselves and the backplate.
The ends of the second set of folding bars nearest to the entrance of the slot
are wedge-shaped from two of their four sides, the wedged part being of a kind of
conical shape (Figs. V and VI). The remaining part of these bars have the sides
facing each other parallel to each other and the sideplates. In my Provisional
Specification 1 indicated that gumining apparatus might be attached to work at

page_text: the entrance of the slot, or inside the slot, immediately behind the second set of
folding bars described above. In this my vertically acting machine I have placed
the same for my convenience in the latter position.
It consists of a pair of metal wheels 13 and 131 (Figs. 1, II, III) one for
each side of the packet, fixed at the required distance from each other on an
axle, 14, revolving in and carried by a lever, 28, which works on a pirot, 29,
actuated on by cam 24, on shaft B. The upper part of this lever is widened out
and faced off into a circle segment, 25 adjustable by a setscrew and locknut, 30.
A spring, 26, acts upon the upper part of the lever in such a way, that, except
when it is operated upon by cam 24, it is always in close contact with the
distributing roller 16. This latter is journalled in the receptacle for the adhesive
matter, 17, and it is made to revolve continuously by means of a strap, 31, on
V-grooved-pulley, 32, on mainshaft, B, and a corresponding V-grooved-pulley, 33,
on the axle of the distributing roller. A thin sheet of metal, acting as scraper, 34,
is attached to the gum or paste receptacle, 17, so as to prevent any excess of
adhesive matter being carried by same. A pair of scrapers, 35, is also fitted to
the pair of gumming rollers, one for each roller. Same are fork-shaped with such
distance between the prongs that any adhesive matter which may accidentally have
attached itself to the sides of the rollers or any excess of adhesive matter on the
face or periphery of the rollers, is removed. The face of the gumming rollers is
slightly milled. A cavity, 36, is cut into the frout plate, one for each gumming
roller, and of sufficient size to let the rollers travel into the slot towards and up to
the inside face of the back plate. At the point where each of the gumming rollers
would come into contact with the back plate a corresponding cavity, 18, is made in
the backplate, but each of these cavities is filled again level with the inside face
of the back plate by a small cavity plate, 19, moved to and from the slot by means
of a lever, 20, similarly and correspondingly arranged as the lever actuating the
gumming rollers. Same works on a pivot, 21, is widened out at the top, and
adjustable by setscrew and locknut in a similar manner to lever, 28. It is put into
action by the cam, 23, on mainshaft B. and when not in operation, drawn or pushed
away from slot by means of a spiral spring, 27. This action may also be carried
out by a lever spring arranged and fixed corresponding to spring, 26, already
described for the gumming rollers.
Immediately below the cavities above described is fixed opposite to each other
in the slot on the sideplates a pair of guide bars, 9 and 91 (Figs. I, III, IV) in
close contact with the front plate, but leaving a passage, 10 and 10¹, between
themselves and the back plate (Figs. III and IX). At a suitable distance below
the guide bars fixed to the side-plates, is a third set of forming or folding bars, 11
and 11. Their uppermost ends are wedge-shaped in the same way (Figs. V
and VI) as the second pair, but reversed, that is to say, the thinnest edge is on the
back-plate, against the thinnest edge of the second pair, being on the front plate.
This third pair of folding bars is of such thickness, that they are in close contact
with both the front-plate and the back-plate and are continued until the remainder
of the slot. Each bar of this third pair is bored or hollowed out almost the whole
of its length, from the square end up to where the wedge commences,
and arrang
d
with suitable inlets and outlets outside the slot, for the admission of steam, hot
air, etc. The material to be made into packets may be supplied to the apparatus
by hand, cast into proper shape, as in printed packets, or it may be supplied from a
roll as in the case of plain packets cut by suitable appliances. In either case its
action is as follows: Supposing the ram or plunger, 4, to be withdrawn from the
slot at its highest position, the material cut to its proper size (which as regards
the width of the material, means the distance of the two side plates, from each
other, so that it is wider than the ram and leaves an overlap on all sides of same) is
placed with its centre over the centre of the slot. The plunger on its downward
movement towards and into the slot carries the material with it and by pulling
the sides of the material out, its broad faces, forms the bottom of the packet.
its progress the plunger brings the overlap at the bottom into contact with the
+12

page_text: frst set of folding bars, 5 and 5', and by their wedgeshape form this overlap is
folded and laid on to the side of the plunger, the overlaps on the side of the
plunger passing freely through the passages, 6 and 61 (Figs. III, VII). The
lunger brings next the overlap of the material which happens to be between
the plunger and the front plate into contact with the second pair of folding bars, 7
and 7', and by their wedge-shape form this overlap is gradually as the plunger
moves along, bent or folded on to the sides of the plunger, the opposite overlaps
passing meanwhile through passage, 8 and 8' (Figs. III and VIII). On the
material leaving the lower end of the second folding bars, the gumming or pasting
process now begins. The cam, 23, coming into contact with circlesegment, 22, on
lever, 20, the movable plates, 19, are brought to a level with the inside face of the
back-plate. At the same time cam, 24, operates on circlesegment, 25, of lever, 28,
and by these means the gumming rollers 13 and 131 are pushed into the slot, and
just as the overlap of the material nearest the backplate is going to pass, come into
contact with it. The pressure enacted by the movable plates on the material and
on the pasting rollers, causes the latter to revolve and by these means the material
takes off the adhesive matter from the rollers, in its progress, the whole length of
the overlap. At the point where the end of the material is passing from the
gumming rollers, the cams, 23 and 24, lose contact with the adjustable circle-
segments, 22 and 25, of levers, 20 and 28, and the action of the spring, 26 and 27,
releases the movable plates, 19, and the gumming rollers 13, the latter coming
again into contact with the constantly revolving distributing roller, 16, to be once
more supplied with adhesive matter. Whilst the gumming operation is being
performed, the inner faces of the gumming rollers and the following guide bars, 9
and 91, provide that the overlaps, which have already been folded to the sides of
the plunger, do not return from that position and the passage, 10 and 101, allows the
overlaps which have just been gummed to pass.
As soon as the third pair of
folding bars has been reached the remaining overlaps nearest to the backplates
begin to get folded or turned up by the said wedges and progressing are pressed
on to the overlaps which had already been formed by the proceeding sets of
folding bars and by means of the adhesive matter imparted to them, as above
described, adhere to them. The remaining lengths of the third pair of folding bars
being heated, as above set forth, the moisture is extracted from the adhesive
matter employed and the ascending plunger leaves the now ready made packet
with all parts in position as folded, and with its next downstroke pushes it out of
the slot into the receptacle provided for the purpose.
In order to produce the proper amount of tension on the material to be made
up into bags or packets and to counteract any variation in its thickness or
nature, the faces of the slot on the front and backplate are lined with a thin
soft textile, such as baize, flannel, etc. reaching from the bellmouth at the top end
to the bottom end of the slot, the said baize, flannel etc. not exceeding in width the
width of the plunger.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material, packets, or bags, the combination of the parts constituting the complete
apparatus substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated herein before
and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Serond. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material the combination of the ram or plunger with the slot formed by the four
plates substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and
in and by the accompanying drawings.
Third. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material the combination of the three sets of forming bars and the set of guide
bars with the two side plates, the front plate and the back plate and the slot

page_text: formed by these four plates substantially as and for the purpose set forth and
indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material the combination of the ram, the slot, formed by the front, back, and the
two side plates and the three sets of forming bars and the set of guide bars
substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in
and by the accompanying drawings.
Fifth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material the combination of the first set of forming bars fixed to and connected
with the two side plates, the front and back plate and the passage formed between
themselves and the front and backplate, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth and indicated herein before and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Sixth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material, the combination of the second set of folding bars, the set of guide bars,
fixed to and connected with the two sideplates, the front plate and the back plate
and the passages between themselves and the backplate, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accompanying
drawings.
Seventh. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any
suitable material, the combination of the conical shape of the foremost part and
the rectangular shape of the latter part of the first set of forming bars substantially
as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the
accompanying drawings.
Eighth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material, the combination of the conical wedge shape of the foremost part and the
rectangular shape of the latter part of the second set of forming bars substantially
as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the
accompanying drawings.
Ninth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material, the combination of the conical wedge shape of the foremost part and the
rectangular shape of the latter part of the third set of forming bars substantially
as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the
accompanying drawings.
Tenth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material, the combination of the holes in the third set of forming bars with inlets
and outlets for the purpose of heating the said forming bars substantially as and
for the purpose set forth and indicated herein before and in and by the accompanying
drawings.
Eleventh. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any
suitable material, the combination of the gumming rollers, the inner faces of which
acting also temporarily as guides, and the slot by means of the cavities in the front
plate substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and
in and by the accompanying drawings.
Twelfth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any suitable
material, the combination of the gumming rollers with the set of scrapers and the
distributing roller with the scraper substantially as and for the purpose set forth
and indicated herein before and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Thirteenth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any
suitable material, the combination of the cam on the mainshaft and the adjustable
circlesegment on the lever carrying the gumming rollers substantially as and for
the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accompanying
drawings.
Fourteenth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any
suitable material, the combination of the cavity plates fitting in the backplate and
the slot substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore
and in and by the accompanying drawings.
Fifteenth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any

page_text: suitable material, the combination of the cam on mainshaft and the adjustable
circlesegment on the lever carrying the cavity plates substantially as and for
the purpose set forth and indicated herein before and in and by the accompanying
drawings.
Sixteenth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any
suitable material, the combination of the gumming rollers, the slot and the cavity
plates substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and
in and by the accompanying drawings.
Seventeenth. In an apparatus for making complete in one operation from any
suitable material, the combination of the rain or plunger and the tension linings
in the slot on the front plate aud on the back plate substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the accompanying
drawings.
Dad thin and 1
J. E. EVANS-JACKSON & Co.,
45, Holborn Viaduct, London, Agents for the Applicant.