IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD-CUTTING MACHINERY."
Year: 1878

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Kitson and Nathaniel Sutcliffe
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1878.
JOHN KITSON and NATHANIEL SUTCLIFFE, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Machine Makers.. IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD-CUTTING MACHINERY."
This Invention relates to, constructing a machine that will perform a variety of
wood-cutting work, such as for sawing with a circular saw, mortising, boring, or
cutting holes, tenoning, cutting straight, curved, circular, or irregular curved
mouldings, cutting spiral beaded columns and pillars, cutting wood hand screws,.
cutting out houseings or grooves in string boards of stairs for the treads, and rises to
fit in; also plain, trench, tongue, groove, rabbit, chamfer, bead, thicknessing, square,
and trying. For this purpose we construct a strong frame or table, similar to an
ordinary saw bench, in which we fit when required a circular saw; on the bottom
part of the frame and on the side we cast a strong boss, which is bushed and forms
the step of an upright shaft herein-after described; on the top of the frame and also
on the side we cast a projecting piece or bracket, the top of which is level with the
top plate of the table; through the projecting piece or bracket, and in the step, is
fitted a strong wrought-iron upright driving shaft, on which is fitted a pillar resting
on the top of the bracket; on this pillar works the socket formed in a boss of a radius
arm, but we may construct machines having two or three radius arms cast or fitted
on the boss and at any required angle. The radius arm is made with a horizontal slide,
which is fitted with a screw; the screw actuates a sliding head which works in the
horizontal slide, giving a forward or backward movement to the head; on the head
and in slides is fitted an upright sliding block having a rising and lowering motion;
in the sliding block is fitted a vertical spindle having fitted to it a long pulley
which gives a rotary motion to the vertical spindle; the pulley and spindle are
actuated by a drum or pulley fitted on the top of the upright driving shaft, which
shaft is worked by a drum fitted on the shaft. The drum and shaft are actuated by
a strap or belt, which is the driving belt of the machine; the belt working the
upright or vertical spindle passes over the drum fitted on the top of the driving
shaft, and passes over a pulley fitted on the end of the radius arm; then on the long
pulley of the spindle and over a pulley fitted at the back of the long spindle pulley,
returning to the drum on the driving shaft. By these means we keep the necessary

page_text: tension on the belt in whatever position the spindle of the radius arm may be
placed.
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...
The end of the upright top spindle is constructed to receive disks or heads, in
which are fixed the different kind of cutters or tools for each; kind of operation; a
disk fitted with cutter block is employed for planing, tenoning, scribing, squaring,
and thicknessing; a square head fitted with cutters is employed for mouldings, and
the end of the spindle with tools fitted therein for boring, cutting out houseing or
string boards for stairs, and trenching for shelves.
Similar heads and cutters as those employed for the top spindle are fitted in a
bottom spindle working under the table, and made to pass through an opening in
the top of the table; the bottom spindle works in bearings formed on a slide which
works in a slide head fitted to the table; the slide gives a lifting and lowering|
motion to the bottom spindle and cutters, and. the spindle is fitted with a long
pulley which is actuated by a belt working on a drum fixed on the upright driving
shaft. The cutters operate on the under side of the wood, passing over the table,
cleaning the under sides, and trying up or straightening the edges. The cutters are
also used for circular and irregular curved mouldings.
When the heads and cutters are in a perpendicular line, that is to say, when the
cutter on the top spindle is in a line with the cutter in the bottom spindle, they are
in a position for tenoning, scribing, and other similar work.
We employ the radius arm for cutting spiral mouldings on columns or pillars for
furniture and other purposes. For cutting such spiral mouldings we fit on the top
plate of the table brackets, which we remove when not required, in the brackets we
fit centre pieces, and the centre near the end of the radius arm is made with a
projecting piece, forming the centre piece spindle, which works through a boss formed
on the bracket; on the spindle is fitted a wheel, which is driven by another smaller
wheel fitted on the end of the screw of the radius arm; the screw and wheel are
worked by a handle fitted on the end of the screw. The wheels are altered according
to the pitch to be given to the spiral mouldings; the wheels being in proportion to
each other as the pitch of the screw is to the pitch of the spiral moulding.
The radius arm is also employed for boring and mortising, which can be done at
either end of the table. The operation can be done on a separate table or on one
fixed to the table.