Improvements in Apparatus for Extracting Fat and Glue.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 5th May, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Extracting Fat and Glue.
1, FLORENTINE JOSEPH MACHALSKI, Chemist, residing at 159 N. 5th Street
in the City of Brooklyn, County of Kings and State of New York, United States
of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide an improved apparatus for extracting
fat and glue from bones or other substances containing the same in such a manner
that the fat and glue are extracted separately but by one continuous operation ;
and the invention consists of an apparatus for extracting fat from bones an other
substances contained in the same, which comprises a receiver for said substances,
a steam-coil in the lower part of said receiver, a tank for the volatile solvent, a
pipe-connection between the said tank and the bottom of the receiver, a condenser
connected with the top of the receiver and with the tank, a fat-receptacle connected
with the receiver, a heating-coil in said fat-receiver, and a pipe connection between
the top of the fat-receptacle and the condenser.
The invention consists further of an apparatus for extracting glue from
substances containing the same, which comprises two receivers for said substances,
a steam-coil in the lower part of each receiver, diagonal-pipes connecting the
bottom of each receiver with the top-part of the other receiver, a water supply-
pipe connected to the bottom of each receiver, a steam supply-pipe also connected
with the bottom of each receiver, a glue-receptacle below the receivers, pipe-
connections between the said glue-receptacle and the bottom of the receivers,
a series of connected tanks arranged at different levels above the receivers for
bleaching and condensing the glue-solution, a steam supply-pipe for the glue-
receptacle and a pipe connecting the top of the glue-receptacle with the first tank
of the connected series of tanks.
The invention consists further of an apparatus for extracting fat and glue from
bones and other substances containing the same, which comprises two or more
receivers for the substances to be treated, a steam-coil in the bottom of each
receiver, a tank for the volatile solvent, a condenser for the vapors of said solvent,
pipe-connections between the tank and the bottoms of the receivers, and between
the receivers and condenser, a fat-receptacle below the receivers, pipes connecting
the fat-receptacle with the receivers and condenser, diagonal-pipes connecting the
bottom of each receiver with the top of the other receiver, water and steam-pipes
connected with the bottom of each receiver, a glue-receptacle below the receivers,
pipe-connections between the receivers and the glue-receptacle, a series of connected
tanks arranged at different levels above the receiver, and a pipe connecting the
glue-receptacle with the first tank of said series of tanks.
The accompanying drawing represents a diagram of my improved apparatus for
extracting fat and glue from bones and other substances parts being shown in
vertical section and other parts in perspective.
Referring to the drawing :-A and A¹ are two receivers which are each provided
with a man-hole and a man-hole cover A' in the top-part, a false bottom A³
a short distance above the bottom and a man-hole and man-hole cover A' above
Below the false bottom A³ a
the false bottom A for discharging the contents.
steam coil B is located in each receiver one end of said coil being connected with
a pipe B' for admitting steam into said coil and the other end with a pipe a for
discharging the water of condensation. Both the inlet and outlet pipes of the
coil B are provided with suitable stop cocks. Each receiver A or A¹ is further

page_text: connected at its bottom with a pipe C for admitting water into the receiver, and
with a pipe C¹ for admitting live steam into the receiver. A pipe C at the top of
cach receiver serves for the escape of the air, said pipes CC' and C² being
provided with stop-cocks for opening and closing the same. Each receiver is
provided at its bottom with a suitable blow-off cock b. The bottom of each
receiver is connected with the top of the other receiver by a diagonal-pipe D
which pipes are provided with stop-cocks at their upper and lower ends so that the
solution of glue in either receiver can he forced into the other receiver. The
closed tank E is filled with a volatile solvent, such as benzine, gasoline, ether or
other solvents and connected by a pipe E' and a branch-pipe E respectively with
the bottoms of the receivers A and A¹. The bottom of the solvent-tank E is also
connected by a pipe E³ with a water collecting vessel E' for drawing off any water
of condensation from the bottom of the tank Å said water being conducted off by
a syphon pipe from the water_collecting vessel E³. A steam pipe E' serves for
admitting steam to the tank E so as to force out the volatile solvent from the
same into either one of the receivers A or A¹. The pipes E' E' and E³ are
likewise provided with stop-cocks so as to establish the proper connections.
A condensing vat F is advantageously arranged above the solvent-tank E and
provided near its bottom with an inlet pipe F for cold water and at its top with an
outlet pipe F2 for the heated water. A condensing coil G is arranged in the vat F
and connected by a pipe G¹ and a branch pipe G2 with the tops of the receivers A
and A. The lower end of the condensing-coil G is connected with the solvent
tank E. A fat-receptacle H is located below the receivers and provided with an
interior steam-coil H' also with a steam supply-pipe H2 a pipe H³ for drawing off
the water of condensation and a pipe H₁ for drawing off the fat and grease
collected in the receptacle H. The fat-receptacle H is connected by a pipe I and
a branch pipe I' with the bottom of said receiver A and A' and the top of the
fat-receptacle H connected by a pipe G³ with the pipe G' which connects the
receivers with the condenser. A glue-receptacle K is likewise arranged below
the receivers A and A' and connected by pipes J and J' with the bottoms of the
game. All the pipes connecting the fat-receptacle with the receivers and
condenser and the glue-receptacle with the receivers are provided with stop-cocks
for making the proper connections. The glue-receptacle is further provided with
a steam supply pipe K' and with a valved blow off pipe K2 in its top part.
Above the receivers is arranged a series of connected tanks MOQ and R
which are arranged at different levels one below the other said tanks being
provided with steam-coils M2 (² Q2 and R² near their bottoms. The first tank M
of the series is further provided with a screen M¹ upon which the solution of glue is
discharged by a pipe L which connects the top of the glue-receptacle K with the
tank M. The tanks MO Q and R are open tanks and are connected respectively
with the next adjacent tank by valved pipes N P and R' as shown clearly in the
drawing. The tanks M and R serve as an evaporating tank while the tanks O
and are supplied with suitable chemicals so as to serve as bleaching and
clarifying tanks for the glue. In the lowermost tank R the bleached solvent of
glue is finally evaporated to the required degree of consistency.
My improved apparatus for extracting fat and glue from bones or other
substances in one continuous operation is operated as follows:-
The substances from which the fat and glue are to be extracted are placed into
the receivers A and A' which are then closed and supplied with the required
quantity of volatile solvent from the tank E the solvent being forced over by
steam or other pressure. The contents of the receivers are then heated by
admitting steam into the bottom-coils of the same so that the solvent is vaporized.
The vapors of the solvent being under pressure in the receivers dissolve the fat in
the bones or other substances said fat being collected in the bottom part of the
receivers below their false bottoms. When the contents of the receivers are
subjected for the required length of time to the action of the solvent so that all
the fat in the same is extracted the connection of the receivers with the condenser

page_text: is established and thereby the vapors distilled over into the condensing coil in
which they are condensed and returned to the solvent-tank E. Any steam carried
along by the vapors is condensed at the bottom of the solvent-tank E and drawn
off from the bottom of the same into the water-collecting vessel.
The fat is next drawn off into the fat-receptacle by opening the cocks of the
connecting-pipes I and I¹. The fat is then heated by the steam-coil in the fat-
receptacle so that the solvent carried along by the fat is evaporated and conducted
by the pipe G³ into the condensing-coil G and then back into the solvent-tank E.
The water of condensation collected at the bottom of the fat-receptacle His
drawn off through the bottom-pipe H³ and the fat finally drawn off through the
pipe H for further utilization.
The pipe-connections between the receivers and condenser and between the
receivers and the fat-receptacle are then closed and hot water supplied to
the receivers through the water supply pipes C the water being heated by the
steam-coils B or by the direct admission of steam so as to penetrate all the bones
or other substances and elutriate the glue contained in the same.
Live steam is
next admitted into one receiver through the live steam-pipe and the diagonal
connecting pipe D leading to the next receiver is opened so that by the force of
the live steam the solution in one receiver is forced into the top part of the other
receiver and then passed in downward direction through the charge in the latter.
The second diagonal connecting-pipe D is then opened and the first one closed
and live steam admitted by the last receiver so that the glue-solution is forced
again from the bottom of the receiver through the diagonal pipe into the top-part
of the next tank and through the charge of the same whereby the glue contained
in the substances charged into the receivers is dissolved. The diagonal-connecting
pipes DD are then closed and the glue-solution drawn off through the connecting
pipes J J into the glue-receptacle K. Live steam is then admitted into the glue-
receptacle K so that the glue-solution is lifted into the evaporating tank M in
which tank the greater part of the water is evaporated. The glue-solution is then
run into the second tank O where it is bleached by the sulphurous acid solution in
the same, in conjunction with the heat of the coil 2 it being then run into the
tank Qin which the glue-solution is treated with a solution of alum and caustic
soda for clarifying the same.
The clarified solution is then run into the tank R
where the remaining water is evaporated and the glue obtained in condition for
After all the fat and glue have thus been extracted from the substances in
the receivers, the contents are removed through the man-holes A' and a new charge
supplied to the same through the man-holes A the apparatus being then ready for
starting the same operation over again.
use.
The apparatus described can also be used for extracting oils, dye-stuffs, etc.,
from substances containing the same, being also applicable when built on a larger
scale and with a greater number of receivers for the treatment of garbage, tank-
waters, or other fat and glue-containing substances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for extracting fat from bones or other substances containing
the same, consisting of a receiver provided with a false bottom, a steam-coil in
the lower part of the receiver, a tank for the volatile solvent, a pipe-connection
between said tank and the bottom of the receiver a condenser, a pipe-connection
between the top of the receiver and the condenser, a fat-receptacle below the
receiver, a pipe-connection between the bottom of the receiver and the fat-
receptacle, a heating coil in said fat-receptacle and a pipe-connection between the
top of the fat receptacle and the condenser, substantially as set forth.
2. An apparatus for extracting glue from substances containing the same,
consisting of two or more receivers for said substances each provided with a
false bottom, a steam-coil in the lower part of each receiver diagonal pipes

page_text: connecting the bottom of each receiver with the top of the other receiver, pipes
for supplying water and steam to each receiver, a glue-receptacle below the
receivers, pipes connecting said receivers with the glue-receptacle, a series of
connected tanks arranged at different levels above the receivers for evaporating
and bleaching the glue-solution, and a pipe-connection between the glue-receptacle
and the first tank of the series of tanks, substantially as set forth.
3. An apparatus for extracting fat and glue from bones and other substances
containing the same, which comprises two or more receivers for the substances to
be treated, each receiver being provided with a false bottom, a steam-coil in the
lower parts of the same, a tank for the volatile solvent connected with the
receivers, a condenser, a pipe-connection between the receivers and condenser, a
fat receptacle below the receivers, pipe connections between said receptacle and
said receivers, diagonal-pipes connecting the bottom of each receiver with the top
of the other receiver, a glue-receptacle also located below the receivers, pipe
connections between the glue-receptacle and the bottoms of the receivers, pipes
for admitting water and live steam into the receivers, a series of connected tanks
arranged at different levels above the receivers for evaporating, bleaching and
clarifying the glue-solution, and a pipe connecting the glue-receptacle and the first
tank of the series, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 20th day of March 1894.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.