Improvements in Means for Reversing Gas and Hydrocarbon (Petroleum) Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Reversing Gas and Hydrocarbon
(Petroleum) Motors.
I, ETIENNE PETRÉANO, of 95, Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris, France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is mainly applicable to that class of gas and petroleum motors the
characteristic feature of which consists in that an intimate explosive mixture of air
and gas or hydrocarbon (petroleum) is produced, prior to its admission into the motor
cylinder in sufficient quantity for one or more charges. Motors of this class have
usually only two valves viz. :-one valve for the admission of the previously produced
mixture into the cylinder and another valve for exhaust of the burnt gases.
The motors to which this reversing gear is chiefly applicable have only two valves
arranged to be opened in the same direction by the action of cams acting upon the
ends of the stems or spindles of the said valves so that there is nothing to prevent
the interchanging of the functions of said valves by employing the two valves indis-
criminately either for the admission or for the exhaust.
Thus, for instance if one valve is made to communicate with the admission, and
the other valve with the exhaust, the motor will run in one direction. Then in order
to cause the motor to run in the opposite direction, it will be sufficient to connect the
first mentioned valve with the exhaust and the last mentioned valve with the
admission.
As will be readily understood, various means or arrangements of mechanism may
be employed to effect this reversal. A suitable arrangement of mechanism for this
purpose may be as follows:-The passages leading to the valves are brought together
at a four-way cock or valve which is adapted to control the said two passages and also
two other passages of which one is in constant communication with the admission
port of the motor cylinder, whilst the other passage is in constant communication
with the exhaust pot.
The said four-way cock or valve (which may be reduced to a simple valve) is fixed
to a rod or spindle which extends through the shell or case of the cock or valve. This
rod or spindle is provided with an operating lever fitted with an operating handle
which allows of operating the cock or valve as required. A suitable device such as a
sector having two stop notches ensures two positions of the operating lever, such that
in one of these positions one passage communicates with the admission whilst the
other passage communicates with the exhaust; the reverse being the case in the
other position of the operating lever. With this arrangement the reversal of
the direction of motion of the motor can be effected by suitably moving the operating
handle.
In order to produce this reversal of the motion it is however necessary to operate
under certain conditions to be now set forth.

page_text: When one passage communicates with the admission and the other passage com-
municates with the exhaust, the motor will run in one direction. Now in order to
cause the motor to run in the opposite direction, the mode of operation is as follows:-
First the operating handle is actuated to move the four-way valve into the mid
position. In these conditions, the motor by virtue of the acquired velocity, continues
to run without any communication existing either with the admission or with the
exhaust. The speed of the motor diminishes very rapidly, and when it has become
very small the operating handle is moved back towards the position which it occupies
originally. As the speed of the motor is greatly reduced an advance explosion is
produced and immediately the direction of motion is changed. The operating handle
is then moved back in the reverse direction so as to bring it into the position in
which the passage which communicated previously with the admission, is now caused
to communicate with the exhaust whilst the other passage which communicated
previously with the exhaust is now caused to communicate with the admission.
motor continues to rotate and the reversal of the direction of motion is realised.
The
It is to be well understood that I reserve the right of modifying at will the parts
which allow of rotating the four-way cock or valve. The mechanism hereinbefore
described for that purpose being indicated by way of example only.
Dated this 13th day of August 1897.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements in Means for Reversing Gas and Hydrocarbon
(Petroleum) Motors.
I, ETIENNE PETRÉANO, of 95, Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris, France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention is mainly applicable to that class of gas and petroleum motors the
characteristic feature of which consists in that an intimate explosive mixture of air
and gas or hydrocarbon (petroleum) is produced, prior to its admission into the motor
cylinder in sufficient quantity for one or more charges. Motors of this class have
usually only two valves viz. :-one valve for the admission of the previously produced
mixture into the cylinder and another valve for exhaust of the burnt gases.
The motors to which this reversing gear is more particularly applicable have only
two valves arranged to be opened in the same direction by the action of cams
acting upon the ends of the stems or spindles of the said valves so that there is
nothing to prevent the interchanging of the functions of said valves by employing the
two valves indiscriminately either for the admission or for the exhaust.
Thus, for instance if one valve is made to communicate with the admission, and the
other valve with the exhaust, the motor will run in one direction. Then in order to
cause the motor to run in the opposite direction, it will be sufficient to connect the
first mentioned valve with the exhaust and the last mentioned valve with the
admission.
As will be readily understood, various means or arrangements of mechanism may be
employed to effect this reversal. A suitable arrangement of mechanism for this
purpose is illustrated in the accompanying drawings which show a gas motor of the
kind hereinbefore referred to, fitted with reversing gear according to the present

page_text: Invention. in these drawings which show only so much of the gas motor as 1S
necessary to enable the invention to be understood―
Figure 1 is a cross section showing the two valves.
Figure 2 is a plan, partly in section showing the construction and arrangement of
the reversing cock or valve in one of its end positions.
Figure 2A is a partial similar view showing the reversing cock or valve in mid-
position.
Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a side elevation and a part plan.
In the arrangement shown in these figures,-A and B are the two valves of the
motor adapted to be operated by means of cams (not shown) acting upon the ends of
their respective stems or spindles a and b. These valves A, B are in permanent
communication with the respective passages C and D. The passages C and D leading
to the valves A and B respectively are brought together at a four-way cock or valve E
which is adapted to control the two passages C and D and also two other
passages F and G of which one F is in constant communication with the admission
port of the motor cylinder, whilst the other passage G is in constant communication
with the exhaust pot.
The plug of the four-way cock or valve E (which may be reduced to a simple valve)
is fixed to a rod or spindle H which extends through the shell or casing of the cock or
valve. This rod or spindle H is provided at its upper end with an operating lever h
fitted with an operating handle h¹ which allows of operating the cock or valve E as
required. A suitable device such as a sector I having two stop notches ii ensures
two positions of the operating lever h, and consequently two positions of the cock or
valve E, such that in one of these positions one passage (say the passage C as shown
in Figure 2) communicates with the admission F whilst the other passage D
cominunicates with the exhaust G; the reverse being the case in the other position
of the operating lever. With this arrangement the reversal of the direction of motion
of the motor can be effected by suitably moving the operating handle h¹.
In order to produce this reversal of the motion of the motor it is however necessary
to operate under certain conditions to be now set forth.
When as shown in Figure 2, the one passage C communicates with the admission F
and the other passage D communicates with the exhaust G, the motor will run in one
direction. Now in order to cause the motor to run in the opposite direction, the
mode of operation is as follows:-First the operating handle h¹ is actuated to move
the four-way valve E into the mid position as shown in Figure 2ª. In these
conditions, the notor by virtue of the acquired velocity, continues to run without
the motor cylinder communicating either with the admission or with the exhaust. The
speed of the motor diminishes very rapidly, and when it has become very small the
operating handle h¹ is moved back towards the position which it occupied originally.
As the speed of the motor is greatly reduced an advance explosion is produced and
immediately the direction of motion is changed. The operating handle h' is then
moved back in the reverse direction so as to bring it into the position in which
the passage C which communicated previously with the admission F, is now caused to
communicate with the exhaust G whilst the other passage D which communicated
previously with the exhaust G is now caused to communicate with the admission F.
The motor continues to rotate and the reversal of the direction of motion is
realised.
It will be well understood that the parts which allow of rotating the four-way cock
or valve E can be modified in various ways; the mechanism herein before described
for that purpose being indicated by way of example only.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
In gas and hydrocarbon (petroleum) motors of the kind hereinbefore described
having only two valves (2.e., one valve for the admission and one valve for the
exhaust), means for reversing the direction of motion consisting of a four-way cock

page_text: adapted to control the communication between the said valves and the admission and
the exhaust in such a manner that by suitably operating the said cock, either of the
two valves can be placed in communication with the admission or with the exhaust at
will, whilst the other valve is simultaneously and necessarily placed in communication
with the exhaust or with the admission as the case may be, the functions of the said 5
valves being thus interchangeable substantially as described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
MALL
2000
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.