IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred William Pemberton, of Eccles, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN
MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING COTTON OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 23rd March 1877, and dated the 3rd January 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred William Pemberton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd January 1877.
ALFRED WILLIAM PEMBERTON, of Eccles, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING
COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of the spindle and
flyer employed in such machinery, whereby I am enabled to use a stationary spindle,
and to drive the flyer direct, whereby various advantages are obtained.
I am aware that it has been proposed before to use fixed spindles in such
machines and to drive the flyer, but hitherto such attempts have resulted in failure,
as the construction of the spindle and flyer and the arrangements for driving were
not such as to ensure success, the disadvantages resulting therefrom being greater
than the advantages gained.
I propose to construct the spindle and flyer as follows:-Instead of fixing the
flyer to a long central tube passing through the bobbin, as previously attempted, I
fix the two arms thereof in a rim (which at the same time forms the wharve), this
rim being connected by two or more arms to a short tube or boss, over the upper end of
which is or may be fixed a "curl" or guide for the thread, the rim or wharve being
fixed or formed at or near the centre of the short tube or boss, so that the "pull
of the driving band being at or near the centre of the tube there is less friction
and no tendency to "cross winding," and hence the flyer can be driven at very high
velocities if required.
The boss of the flyer beneath may be bored out like an iverted footstep and rest
upon the point of the spindle, or (which I prefer) the boss may be furnished with a
short point or foot running in a footstep drilled or otherwise formed in the upper
end of the fixed spindle.
The driving bands instead of running direct from the tin- roller to the wharves

page_text: run first over a guide roller, the upper circumference of which is level with the
centre of the groove of the wharves; by these means both sides of the driving band
may be
run in a direct line with the groove of the wharves, and hence the latter
made very narrow or thin and will not present any impediment to "picking up" the
ends when necessary. In this case also (if preferred) the flyers may be supported
by the tension of the bands only, and will not rest on the footstep so long as the
bands remain at a sufficient tension to support them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alfred William Pemberton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd July 1877.
" IMPROVE-
ALFRED WILLIAM PEMBERTON, of Eccles, in the County of Lancaster.
MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND
DOUBLING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of the spindle and
flyer employed in such machinery, whereby I-am-enabled to use a stationary spindle
and to drive the flyer direct, whereby various advantages are obtained.
I am aware that it has been proposed before to, use fixed spindles in such
machines and to drive the flyer, but hitherto such attempts have resulted in failure,
as the construction of the spindle and flyer and the arrangements for driving were
not such as to ensure success, the disadvantages resulting therefrom being greater
than the advantages gained.
Such being the nature. and. object of my said Invention, I will now- proceed to
describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be, or may be performed, or
carried into practical effect, and in order that the same may be clearly understood
I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked
the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following explanation thereof:-
Fig. 1 in the annexed Drawing shows an elevation (half size) of my improved
apparatus complete; Fig. 2 is a side elevation (full size) of the upper part of the flyer;
Fig. 3 a plan view of the same; and Fig. 4 a section of the upper part of the spindle.
I propose to construct the spindle and flyer as follows:-Instead of fixing the
flyer to a long central tube passing through the bobbin, as previously attemped, I
fix the two arms a, a, thereof, or make them in one piece with a rim b, b, (which at
the same time, forms the wharve), this rim b, b, being connected by two or more
arms d, d, to a short tube or boss e, e, over the upper end of which is or may be
fixed a "curl" or guide for the thread; or the thread guide may be formed in the
top of the tube as at f, f, the rim or wharve being fixed or formed at or near the
centre of the short tube or boss e, e, so that the "pull" of the driving band g, g,
being at or near the centre of the tube e, e, there is less friction and no tendency to
"cross winding," and hence, the flyer a, a, can be driven at very high velocities if
required.
The boss e, e, of the flyer beneath may be bored out like an inverted footstep and
rest upon the point of the spindle, or (which I prefer), the boss may be furnished
with a short point or foot e* running in a footstep drilled or otherwise formed in
the upper end of the spindle c, c. The spindle c, c, is not fixed rigidly in the
spindle rail h, h, but is supported on a regulating set screw h* and, is free to revolve
although not positively driven.
The driving bands g, g, instead of running direct from the tin roller k, k, to the
wharves b, b, run first over a guide roller 1, 7, the upper circumference of which is
level with or slightly lower than the centre of the groove of the wharves, b, b; by
these means both sides of the driving band y, g, run in a direct line with the groove
of the wharves b, b, and hence the latter may be made very narrow, or thin, and
will not present any impediment to.“ piecing up” the ends when necessary.

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention, the general con-
struction and arrangement of apparatus for such purposes, as herein-before described
and illustrated by the Drawing annexed, and more especially I claim the peculiar
form and construction of the flyer and wharve, the latter being fixed or formed at
or near the centre of a short tube or boss running on or in the top of the spindle, in
combination with a spindle not rigidly fixed nor directly driven, but mounted so as
to be free to revolve, substantially as and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred William Pemberton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
ALFRED W. PEMBERTON. (L.S.)