Improvements connected with Steam Generators, and with what are known as Economisers for Utilizing the otherwise Wasto Heat from Furnaces
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left. 26th July, 1897-Accepted, 20th Nov., 1897
OVISIONAL SPECIT
Improvements connected with Steam Generators, and with what are
known as Economisers for Utilizing the otherwise Wasto Heat
from Furnaces,
I, ERNEST CHARLES REED of Riverside House, Dartford in the County of Kent
Paper Mill Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to steam generators or what are known as economisers which
comprise series of pipes usually vertical around which the products of combustion
pass from the flues of furnaces so as to heat water which passes through the said
pipes. The interiors of the said pipes are liable to become rapidly incrusted with
scale or deposit from the water and have to be frequently cleaned and sometimes
removed. This is troublesome and costly and necessitates the throwing of the
generator or economizer out of use during the removal or cleaning, and moreover the
accumulation of the scale seriously interferes with the efficiency of the heating effect
of the gases on the water.
My Invention has for its object to overcome these objections.
According to my Invention I provide. the interiors of the said pipes with scrapers
which can be rotated or reciprocated at intervals or continuously in such a manner
that they prevent accumulation of scale. The said scrapers can be of any suitable
form and can be operated by any suitable means. A convenient arrangement is to
make the scrapers of say three wings or plates passing longitudinally through each
of the pipes and formed with a spindle at top provided with a collar which rests on
a cross bearer extending across the top of each pipe, each spindle being furnished
with a worm wheel, with which worm wheels worms gear the said worms being
formed on, or in, a shaft extending along at the top of each series of pipes. The
worm shafts for each series of pipes may be in turn driven through worm wheels on
each shaft with which gear worms on, or in a shaft contained in a header or box and
extending transversely to the other shafts and passing through a stuffing box to
outside the apparatus and there provided with a pulley or other means by which
motion can be imparted thereto from any suitable motor. Instead of driving from
the upper ends of the pipes as described I may if preferred drive from the lower
ends of the said pipes. If desired the scrapers can by any suitable gear, such as
cams on a shaft acting in slots at the tops of the scrapers, have a reciprocating
instead of a rotary, motion imparted to them.
Och den of November 1896
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements connected with Steam Generators, and with what are
known as Economisers for Utilizing the otherwise Waste Heat
from Furnaces.
I, ERNEST CHARLES REED, of Riverside House, Dartford, in the County of Kent,
Paper Mill Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to steam generators and to what are known as economisers
which comprise series of pipes, (usually vertical, in the case of economisers but they
may be inclined or horizontal) around which the products of combustion pass from
the flues of furnaces so as to heat water which passes through the said pipes. The
interiors of the said pipes are liable to become rapidly incrusted with scale or deposit
from the water and have to be frequently cleaned and sometimes removed. This is
troublesome and costly and necessitates the throwing of the generator or economizer
out of use during the removal or cleaning, and moreover the accumulation of
the scale seriously interferes with the efficiency of the heating effect of the gases
on the water.
My Invention has for its object to overcome these objections.
According to my Invention I provide the interiors of the said pipes with scrapers
which can be rotated, reciprocated, or otherwise moved at intervals, or continuously,
in such a manner that they prevent accumulation of scale. The said scrapers can be
of any suitable form, and can be operated by any suitable means. I will describe
with reference to the accompanying drawings the best means with which I am
acquainted for carrying my Invention into effect as applied to an economizer and
from this description its application to steam generators will also be understood, but
I do not limit myself to the details of this example as the form and arrangement of
the scrapers, and the means for operating them can be varied without departing from
the nature of my Invention.
The said drawings shew so much of an economizer as is necessary to illustrate the
application of my Invention thereto, Figure 1 being a part plan and part horizontal
section. Figure 2 a section on the line 1. 2. Figure 1, and Figure 3 a section on the
line 3. 4. of Figure 1.
A are the tubes of the economizer of which there may be any suitable number in
a series and any suitable number of such series. They open at top into the top
boxes B and at bottom into bottom boxes as at C. D are the scrapers which may
have any suitable number of blades or plates passing longitudinally through each of
the pipes. I have shewn three examples with two, three and four blades respectively.
The said scrapers are formed each with a spindle d at top provided with a collar d²
which rests on a cross bearer E extending across the top of each pipe A, each spindle
having secured to it by a cotter pin as at f or otherwise a worm wheel F with which
gear worms g formed on, or in, or secured to, a shaft as at G extending along through
the top boxes B in proximity to the tops of the series of pipes A. These worm
shafts may be in turn driven through worm wheels g² fixed on each shaft G with
which gear worms h on, or in, or secured to a shatt II (contained in a side header or
box I communicating with the top boxes B) and extending transversely to the
shafts (and supported in any suitable bearings and passing through a stuffing box
to outside the apparatus and there provided with a pulley J or other means by which
motion can be imparted thereto from any suitable motor.
I have shewn two series of tubes A opening into each top box B with a worm
shaft G for driving the scrapers in each series, as this arrangement economizes room,

page_text: and simplifies the arrangement. K are covers which can be removed for giving
access to the tops of the tubes A, and L are covers for giving access to the worm
shafts G.
Instead of driving from the upper ends of the tubes as described I may if preferred
drive from the lower ends of the said tubes. As before stated I do not limit myself
to the arrangements shewn as the scrapers can be rotated or otherwise moved in the
tubes by any suitable gear. For instance, instead of a rotary motion continuously
in the same direction the scrapers can have a reciprocating, or rectilineal motion
imparted to them by any suitable gear, such as cams on shafts acting in slots at the
tops of the scrapers or a reciprocating rotary motion may be imparted to them by
means of levers secured to their spindles and actuated by a reciprocating rod.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Invention
and in what manner the same is to be perforined, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with the water tubes of steam generators and of economizers,
of scrapers situated inside the said tubes and provided with means by which they can
be rotated, or otherwise moved, at intervals, or continuously, to prevent the
accumulation of scale in the said tubes; substantially as herein before described.
2. The cor.bination with the water tubes of steam generators and of economizers,
of scrapers situated inside the said tubes and provided with extensions carrying
worm wheels and worm shafts extending between and operating the scrapers of two
series of tubes; substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
3. The combination with the water tubes of steam generators and of economizers,
of scrapers situated inside the said tubes and provided with gear for operating them
the said gear being situated in the water space and being operated by a shaft or
shafts or rod or rods extending to the outside of the generator or economizer;
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
4. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting apparatus for keeping
the tubes of steam generators and of economizers clear of scale as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 26th day of July 1897
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.