IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO SPINNING AND DOUBLING MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: >
I GEORGE BERNHARDT of Stand Lane, Radcliffe, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO SPINNING AND DOUBLING
MACHINES, to be as follows:-
Firstly. My improvements apply mainly to the arrangement and construction of
the spindles and their bearings and connected parts and are wholly or partly
applicable to the Flyer throstle, Ring Throstle and mule type of spinning and
doubling frames or machines.
According to my invention the spindles have a step, and collar or bolster bearing
in a tube capable of rotating which will be hereinafter termed the socket, this
socket having an upper and lower bearing in two separate rails or connected flanges
from one rail.
The interior of the socket has or may have a slit tube, bolster bearing inserted
in it and also a footstep bearing formed or inserted in it.
The socket may be made out of the solid metal bored out, or of tubing with the
lower end closed by a plug or head.
The lower end of the socket is or may be enlarged and rests in or on a bracket
having a disc of wood or other similar suitable material in or on it (which acts as
a brake surface and absorbent of vibration) which bracket is arranged to swivel on
a stud'or bracket from the lower rail.
Thus arranged, the bracket can be swivelled to one side to allow the socket to be
withdrawn leaving the spindle sustained and the driving band in position, untouched,
and when withdrawn the socket (which is also a reservoir for oil) may be readily
emptied of dirty oil or lubricant and refilled with fresh oil or lubricant and
replaced in its bearings, the swivel bracket being then brought back to the
sustaining position.
As the socket is free and can rotate on its bearings the rotation of the spindle
in it tends to cause it to rotate which rotation is or may be regulated by brake
friction produced by any convenient arrangement or by bands and a drum on a .
shaft and friction wheels or surfaces so as to slowly rotate or oscillate it constantly
or intermittently.

page_text: This may be effected by connections with the copping rail or other motion, by
friction or other motion positively geared or driven.
This slow rotation of the socket causes the bearings in it to wear uniformly and
not on one side as in stationary bearings therefore the bearings last longer and keep
the spindle more central, which is a great advantage for good spinning, and besides
this the rotation of the socket causes it to constantly present freshly lubricated
surfaces for the bearing surfaces of the spindle to rotate against, this being also a
great advantage as the pull of the band driving the spindle brings one side of it
against one side of the bolster bearing and the opposite side of the footstep of the
spindle against one side of the footstep bearing.
The lubricant has thus space to get upon the surfaces not in rubbing contact
with the spindle and thus by the rotation of the socket freshly oiled surfaces are
constantly brought to be acted upon by those surfaces of the spindle rubbing upon
the bolster and footstep bearings.
Instead of swivel brackets or stirrups for the sockets, sliding or other supports
are or may be used and arranged to be adjustable vertically to adjust the spindle,
or the sockets are or may be supported on a rail having holes to allow the head of
the socket to pass through the hole in the rail being closed by a suitable disc or
plug (which may be wood and act as a brake surface) which is removed when the
socket is to be withdrawn and replaced when the socket lias been inserted in its
bearings.
In some cases the lower end of the socket is ratchet toothed and rests upon a
surface correspondingly toothed so that it will slightly rise and fall as it slowly
rotates.
Instead of separate supports for the sockets rails are or may be arranged entending
from end to end of the frame so as to be able to remove the support from all the
tubes simultaneously, or these rails are arranged to both support, and draw down
the sockets simultaneously when lowered vertically into a position where they may
be readily reinoved, emptied of there dirty lubricant and refilled and replaced
ready to be simultaneously lifted into their correct working position when the rail
is lifted vertically.
The spindles for the sockets are formed of any suitable size and shape to suit
Flyer Ring or mule spinning and doubling machines and to the bobbins, tubes or
cops to which they are to be applied.
The warf on each spindle for the band .driving it, is or may be made of any
desired form or construction to suit the different modes of driving the bobbins or
spool, when such are used, and each warf is also made tubular, in some cases to
come over the upper end of the socket and is held down or prevented from lifting,
by a look; or by forming the lower end of the tubular part of the warf with an
internal flange having a hole in it excentric to the spindle so as to pass on to, or
from, an excentric projection or collar, formed upon the upper end and at the
exterior of the socket; or formed on a bush in the upper rail, when the warf is in
one.position only in relation to the socket. Or the sleeve of the warf is recessed
or formed with an internal flange on its lower edge, the hole in which is made
concentric with the spindle, and the excentric on the bush is first inserted in the
sleeve of the warf and then in its bearing in the rail and secured, and this holds
down the warf and spindle.
The blade part of the spindle is in some cases made tubular to reduce the
weight.
Secondly. My invention also consists in combining the arrangement of spindles
and their bearings as above described with my improved mechanical dofling
mechanism described in the specifications of Patents granted to me Numbered 2884
and dated 19th September 1868 and Numbered 1182 dated 23rd April 1870..
In such combinations the bobbins are or may be driven by the friction of the
blade of the spindle and the sleeve of the warf, for the bottom of the bobbin, is
made to come inside the bobbin.

page_text: The bags or troughs of woven material used in the improved mechanical doffing:
mechanism are carried on the upper socket bearing rail, and not on the lower spindle
rail as in the specification of the Patents above referred to.
In ring Throstles the rings are arranged to be adjustable to the spindles when
placed in sockets as described under the first head of my invention.
Dated this anand day of Wahmua 100
I GEORGE BERNHARDT of Stand Lane, Radcliffe, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
:
Firstly. My improvements apply mainly to the arrangement and construction of
the spindles and their bearings and connected parts, and are wholly or partly.
applicable to the Flyer throstle, Ring Throstle, and Mule Type of Spinning and
doubling frames or machines.
According to my invention the spindles have a step, and collar or bolster bearing
in a tube capable of rotating, which will be bereinafter termed the socket, this
socket having an upper and lower bearing in two separate rails or connected
flanges from one rail-The interior of the socket has or may have a slit tube bolster
bearing inserted in it and also a footstep bearing formed or inserted in it. The
socket may be made out of the solid metal bored out, or of tubing with the lower.
end closed by a plug or head.
The lower end of the socket is or may be enlarged and rests in or on a bracket
having a disc of wood or other similar suitable material in or on it (which acts as a
brake surface and absorbent of vibration) which bracket is arranged to swivel on a
stud or bracket from the lower rail.
Thus arranged, the bracket can be swivelled to one side to allow the socket to be:
withdrawn leaving the spindle sustained and the driving band in position,
untouched and when withdrawn the socket (which is also a reservoir for oil)
may be readily emptied of dirty oil or lubricant and refilled with fresh. oil or
lubricant and replaced in its bearings, the swivel bracket being then brought back
to the sustaining position.
As the socket is free and can rotate on its bearings the rotation of the spindle
in it tends to cause it to rotate, which rotation is or may be regulated by brake
}
:

page_text: friction produced by any convenient arrangement or by bands and a drum on a
shaft and friction wheels or surfaces so as to slowly rotate or oscillate it constantly
or intermittently.
This may be effected by connections with the copping rail or other motion, by
friction or other motion positively geared or driven.
This slow rotation of the socket causes the bearings in it to wear uniformly and
not on one side as in stationary bearings therefore the bearings last longer and
keep the spindle more central, which is a great advantage for good spinning,
and besides this, the rotation of the socket causes it to constantly present freshly
lubricated surfaces for the bearing surfaces of the spindle to rotate against, this
being also a great advantage, as the pull of the band driving the spindle brings one
side of it against one side of the bolster bearing and the opposite side of the
footstep of the spindle against one side of the footstep bearing.
The lubricant has thus space to get upon the surfaces not in rubbing contact
with the spindle and by the rotation of the socket freshly oiled surfaces are
constantly brought to be acted upon by those surfaces of the spindle rubbing upon
the bolster and footstep bearings.
Instead of swivel brackets or stirrups for the sockets, sliding or other supports
are or may be used and arranged to be adjustable vertically to adjust the spindle,
or the sockets are or may be supported on a rail having holes to allow the head of
the socket to pass through the hole in the rail being closed by a suitable disc or
plug (which may be wood and act as a brake surface) which is removed when the
socket is to be withdrawn and replaced when the socket has been inserted in its
bearings.
In some cases the lower end of the socket is ratchet toothed, and rests upon a
surface, correspondingly toothed, so that it will slightly rise and fall as it slowly
rotates.
Instead of separate supports for the sockets rails are or may be arranged
extending from end to end of the frame so as to be able to remove the support
from all the tubes simultaneously; or these rails are arranged to both support, and
draw down the sockets simultaneously when lowered vertically into a position
where they may be readily removed, emptied of there dirty lubricant and refilled
and replaced, ready to be simultaneously lifted into their correct working position
when the rail is lifted vertically.
The spindles for the sockets are formed of any suitable size and shape to suit
Flyer Ring or Mule Spinning and Doubling Machines, and to the bobbins, tubes or
cops to which they are to be applied.
The warf on each spindle for the band driving it is or may be made of any
desired form or construction to suit the different modes of driving the bobbins or
spools, when such are used, and each warf is also made tubular, in some cases to
come over the upper end of the socket and is held down or prevented from lifting
by a hook, or by forming the lower end of the tubular part of the warf with an
internal flange having a hole in it excentric to the spindle so as to pass on to or
from an excentric projection or collar formed upon the upper end and at the
exterior of the socket, or formed on a bush in the upper rail, when the warf is in
one position only in relation to the socket. Or the sleeve of the warf is recessed
or formed with an internal flange on its lower edge the hole in which is made
concentric with the spindle and the excentric on the bush is first inserted in the
sleeve of the warf and then in its bearing in the rail and secured, and this holds
down the warf and spindle.
The blade part of the spindles is in some cases made tubular to reduce the
weight.
Secondly. My invention also consists in combining the arrangement of spindles
and their bearings as above described with my improved mechanical doffing
mechanism described, in the specifications of Patents granted to me Numbered 2884
and dated 19th September 1868 and Numbered 1182 dated 23rd April 1870.

page_text: In such combinations the bobbins are or may be driven by the friction of the
blade of the spindle, and the sleeve of the warf for the bottom of the bobbin is
made to come inside the bobbin.
The bags or troughs of woven material used in the improved mechanical doffing
mechanism are carried on the upper socket bearing rail, and not on the lower
spindle rail as in the specification of the Patents above referred to.
In ring Throstles the rings are arranged to be adjustable to the spindles when
placed in sockets as described under the first head of my invention.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation and fig. 2 a plan section taken just above the
lower rail illustrating my invention applied to ordinary Flyer Throstle and
Doubling frames.
a represents part of the framing, the lower and b' the upper spindle rails,
which may be separate or connected together.
"
c is a tubular part, which has herein before and will be hereinafter referred to as
the "socket." It has bearings in the lower rail b in which it can freely revolve,
and has also bearings in which it can revolve in a bush b in the upper rail b¹. At
the lower end of the interior of the "socket a footstep bearing is made for the
spindle & the bolster bearing being formed at the upper end of the interior of the
socket by a thin tube c* inserted therein having a diagonal slit in it from top to
bottom. The spindle d is or may be an ordinary flyer spindle, and it has a warf d
upon it which is or may be recessed on its under side, to give space for the
projection from the bush bearing or collar 6 for the socket to enter or partly enter
to be clear of the warf.
e is a hook wire screwed into the upper rail to prevent the spindle from lifting
out of its socket-Its upper projecting end can be turned if required to one side as
in ring frames if the spindle is to be withdrawn from its socket.
f is the ordinary copping rail and g the bobbin upon which the spun or twisted
thread is wound.
The lower end of the socket under the lower rail b is enlarged and is made to
form an inverted cup c¹ to hold a block or disc c² of wood by preference, which
gives friction and absorbs the vibration.
This wood block or disc is or may be concave underneath and rests upon a
convex surface on the end of an arm c³ from a boss which can swivel on a stud b*
secured to the lower rail.
On the lower end of the stud b there is a collar b³ secured by a screw which has
notches in its upper edge to act as stops to limit the oscillation in each direction.
By slightly lifting the socket the swivel arm can be turned from the position in
which it is supporting the socket as shown in fig. 1 to the position shown in
fig. 2-when the socket can be drawn downwards leaving the warf of the spindle
resting upon the upper part of the bush bearing 6 without removing the band
from the wharf.
In such case the socket (c) can be emptied of dirty oil, and refilled with fresh
foil, and be then inserted again into its place.
The friction of the spindle upon the socket c causes it to rotate slowly,-the
wood block c³ at the lower end of the socket acting as a brake to prevent a two
rapid rotation.
Fig. 3 is an elevation in section showing the application of my invention to a
ring spinning frame, the socket c being shown in its withdrawn position.
a part of the framing of the machine; b¹ the upper and 6 the lower spindle rail ;
62 is a bush bearing in the upper spindle rail secured by a set screw.
The warf dis secured on the spindle & and is formed as shown, and x is part of
the driving band.
The spool g fits to the spindle and is driven by its frictional adhesion and that of
the cup of the warf as usual.
There is an excentric projection 6* on the exterior of the bush 6%, the diameter
of which is about the same as that of the hole in the lower end of the warf d¹,
which hole is large enough to pass the excentric when the spindle d is to be

page_text: (
removed, if the latter is first moved sideways as it can be when the socket c is
withdrawn.
When the socket is withdrawn, as shown, the upper end of the interior of the
warf d¹ of the spindle will rest upon the upper end of the bush b².
The socket c is constructed as hereinbefore described, except that its lower end
is formed as shown, two opposite round sides being removed to fit a hole of the
same form (like a screw driver) in a metal disc c which rests in a cavity in the
wood carrying rail h. The socket c when it rotates, will thus have to rotate
the disc c which gives friction to prevent a too rapid rotation and the wood rail
absorbs vibration.
The hole in the carrying rail h is large enough to allow the large part of the
socket c to pass through and when the socket is to be separately removed it is only
necessary to lift it slightly, remove or slide the disc c to one side, and withdraw
the socket through the hole in the carrying rail h.
The latter is or may be secured to brackets ¹ which are in, or on slides to be
guided up and down vertically.
The brackets h¹ for the rails h (one on each side the frame) are connected with
one end of the jointed chain h³, the other end passing over a pulley h³ loose upon
the copping shaft h' and is attached to a pulley, fast on a shaft passing from end to
end of the frame in suitable bearings, this shaft is rotated by a worm wheel upon
it at one end, in gear with a worm on a cross shaft in suitable bearings, which
'when rotated gives parallel up and down movement to the carrying rails hou both
sides of the frame, so that all the sockets c are or may be simultaneously withdrawn
and then pushed back again into their places for spinning or twisting-Instead of
pulleys and jointed chains h², toothed pinions gearing with toothed racks secured
to the carrying rail h may be used.
The arrangement shown by fig. 3 may be modified when the ordinary Rabbeth
Spindle and warf is employed in which case the bush bearing b² is dispensed with,
and the upper end of the socket is made to extend above the upper rail b' into the
hollow of the Rabbeth warf.
The socket is arranged at its lower end, as shown in fig. 3 or fig. 16 to be
hereinafter described.
In some cases the socket for the Rabbeth Spindle is inserted and withdrawn
from the holes in the rails 6¹ and b from above, passing first through the upper
rail b and resting in or on a wood or metal disc c, sunk in a wood or iron rail b
but arranged similar to the disc c² in the rail h fig. 3-In both modifications there
is a hook e (fig. 1) to hold down the spindle as in the ordinary Rabbeth spindle
arrangement.
Fig. 4 is an elevation in section illustrating any invention as combined with a
weft ring spinning frame with doffing motion and fig. 5 is a plan section just above
the lower spindle rail.
ais part of the framing of the machine, b¹ the upper; b the lower spindle rails;
the bush bearing secured by a set screw in the upper spindle rail b²; d¹ the
warf on the spindle d driving the bobbin g by pins.
The ring rail is hinged at f¹ to the heads of the pokers f² giving the copping
motion, and the rail f is shown in the oblique position, so that the edges of the
rings will come under the heads of the spools or bobbins on the spindles and push
them off when doffing, according to my patented invention.
The sides of the bags on canvas troughs i into which the full bobbins or spools
drop when doffed, are carried on wires or cords one side is secured to a wire or
cord which is attached by hooks at intervals to the rail b' as shown, the other
side of the trough i is also secured to a wire which is attached by rings at intervals
to a rod carried on the ends of cross rods i³ at intervals which slide in holes in
projections 6º from the upper rail b¹.
.:
The canvas trough i is shown in fig. 4 in the position closed or shut up close to
the spindle rails as when spinning but before doffing (which operation takes about

page_text: 20 seconds for the entire frame) the rods are drawn out so that the canvas is
opened like a trough to receive the full spools.
The socket c is arranged similar to that shown in fig. 1-but the wood disc c' is
carried on a cup in a stem c³ secured by a set screw in a bracket - Each
bracket b is in a slot in a descending flange from the lower rail b.
The upward projecting end 6 of the bracket will pass through a hole in the
flange large enough for it and will then be slided into the slot to come under and
support the enlarged lower end c of the socket c.
By sliding the bracket b side-ways the socket c can be removed.
.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view and fig. 7 an end view of the end of the socket c
having two pins c' to fit holes in the wood or metal disc c² so that the spindle
when rotating will drive the disc.
Fig. 8 is an elevation on a reduced scale showing how the copping rail shaft
connected by chains to the "pokers" for the copping rail is or may be arranged to
lower, raise and hold up the carrying rail for the sockets c; j is the copping rail
shaft; the chain connections between the pulleys upon it and the arms f* on the
lower end of the pokers f; 6₁ the upper; b the lower spindle rail; his the
carrying rail for the sockets which rail can slide upon the pokers f" or the "pokers"
can slide through holes in the carrying rail h for the sockets:
When the range of movement in the copping rail is, or is arranged to be, when
required a little more than the length of movement necessary to withdraw the
sockets when arranged as shown in fig. 3, then by screwing up the copping rail to
lift the pokers f² the collars 2 (one on each poker) will be brought against the
underside of the carrying rail h, and then by releasing the catches hinged to the
lower spindle rail b clear of the rail h, the latter can be lowered by screwing down
the copping motion (as when beginning a new set) so as to rotate the shaft j and
simultaneously lower all the sockets c.
When the sockets have been removed and emptied and refilled with oil then the
copping rail motion is screwed up again to lift the sockets into their places when
they are then secured and held by the catches or by sliding bolts, then the
copping rail can be screwed down to its required position for spinning or twisting.
The bosses of the hook have one or more teeth to gear together (like segments
of spur wheels) so that when one catch of each pair is moved in or out both will
move simultaneously.
One catch of each pair is connected by a rod to an arm upon a shaft in suitable
bearings passing from end to end of the frane, there being a connection and arm
for each pair of catches ja on each side of the frame, one arm on the shaft for each
pair of catches on opposite sides of the frame being on the opposite side of the shaft
so that when it is partially rotated by a suitable handle, all catches can be
simultaneously withdrawn or moved back to the position for holding the rail h.
In place of catches ³, a sliding bolt is or may be used to slide under and from
under the rails as required, these bolts are or may be actuated same as the
catches, the partial rotation of the shaft causing the bolts to slide to and fro as
desired.
Fig. 9 is a vertical section showing the application of my invention to ring
doubling frames where the bobbins are driven by pins-and fig. 10 is a plan section
above the ring rail.
a part of the framing; b' the upper; b the lower spindle rails. The socket c and
spindle d are arranged as described in reference to fig. 3.
The pins or projections d² on the warf d' act upon a steel ring or bush g'
inserted in each bobbin g, the ring g' being bent in the form shown by the section
fig. 11.
The bush 6 has the excentric projection b* also shown in fig. 3 which will be
more clearly understood by reference to fig. 12 a section through the warf bush
and spindle, bx being the excentric.
Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the rail b¹, bush b² (modified) upper part of
socket c and bearing c* and spindle warf d¹.

page_text: •
The bush 6 has an annular extension be the end hole in which is excentric to tho
axis of the bush 62 and just large enough to allow the excentric part d on the
lower part of the warf to pass through.
The spindle can only be inserted and withdrawn from the socket c when the
latter is first removed as space is then left for the spindle to move to one side.
Figs. 9 and 10. also show the construction of the rings f³ and the mode of
securing them to the railf so as to be able to make them concentric with the.
spindle d as the latter is fixed in position-The ring f³ has a flange which is held
down to the railf by a ring f* secured by screws passing into the ring rail.
Fig. 13. is an elevation in section showing my invention applied to mule spindles.
Fig. 14 is a plan showing lower bearings and fig. 15 a plan showing upper
bearings for same.
a is part of the carriage of a mule in section * is a bracket or rail secured to
the rail bhaving a tube b for each spindle & which tube forms the upper bearing
of the socket c.
The bearing for the lower end of the socket is in a bracket or rail b' attached to
the rail b of the carriage.
A projecting rib 68 from the carriage supports the wood or metal discs c² which
are connected with the sockets as hereinbefore described in reference to fig. 3, the
sockets being removed in like manner.
In some cases the rail 68 for supporting the sockets to the extent of the number
of spindles in a division between the "faller" supports is made separate from the
carriage and is or may be arranged in guides or slides one at each end so as to lift
and lower the sockets simultaneously the two ends being connected by a shaft or
other arrangements to cause parallel movement of the rail.
In some cases the sockets are or may be carried in wood rails corresponding
to b, b¹ and attached to the carriage framing, and in some cases the sockets are or
may be carried in metal brackets both bearings for each socket being in the same
metal bracket, the lower end of the socket being supported as shown in fig. 13.
The sockets c are or may be made of drawn or other tubes with a plug brazed or
soldered in the lower end.
Fig. 16 is an elevation in section of another modification of my invention
combined with a spindle having a tubular blade.
Fig. 17 is a plan just above the drag washer or disc (c²).
It will be seen that the blade of the spindle d is tubular to make it of less
weight and it forms a chamber for lubricant which passes down a small hole in the
centre and then through lateral holes d³ to the bearings of the spindle in the
socket c.
The lower end of the socket passes through a metal dise c¹ and wood disc c² and
through the lower rail b.
There is a pin c³ in the solid part of the socket c the end of which enters a recess
in the disc c which rests upon the wood disc c² that is supported on the rail b.
By slightly lifting and turning the socket c round to bring the pin c³ opposite a
groove in the two discs c' and c and in the rail b the socket can be withdrawn.
With the arrangement shown in fig. 16 the friction of the spindle d slowly rotates
the socket c and the socket rotates the discs c' and c², the wood disc c² acting as a
brake to prevent a two rapid rotation and to absorb vibration.
Figs. 18 and 19 correspond respectively to figs. 6 and 7, and show another mode
of connecting the socket c to the washer or disc c² one half of the end of the socket
being cut away, the part left fitting into a hole of corresponding shape in the
washer c².
Fig. 20 is a sectional elevation of spindle rail b, the lower end of the socket c, the
disc c² and a carrying rail h.
Fig. 21 is a plan of the disc c² one part of which is round to fit a round hole in
the rail h and the other part square to fit a longitudinal groove in the rail.
By slightly lifting the socket (c) and disc c the latter can be pushed sideways in
the groove in the rail h to allow the socket to be withdrawn.

page_text: Figs. 22 and 23 are views corresponding respectively with figs. 20 and 21. bis
the lower rail.
The lower end c¹ of the socket c is or may be formed with one or more teeth
like a crown ratchet wheel, and a corresponding part c is secured to a spring clip c³
to take hold of the lower rail b. This clip can be slided to one side along the
rail when the socket c is to be withdrawn.
If the spindles are working with undue friction from want of lubricant or from
any other cause, the sockets c when arranged as shown in figs. 1, 3, 4, 9, 13 and 16
immediately indicate the fact, as when the spindles are working properly the
sockets c only rotate slowly but when they rotate quickly it shows undue friction
of the spindle upon its bearings in the socket.
Fig. 24 is a sectional elevation of the lower spindle rail b and the lower end of
one of the sockets c which is coned to gear with or rest upon a cone or beve!
pulley (one for each socket c) on a shaft k passing lengthway of the frame in
suitable bearings.
This shaft is geared up with some convenient rotating shaft of the machine so
as to be driven at a slow speed say one or more revolutions per minute to cause the
sockets to rotate or be rotated at a uniformly slow speed.
'
Fig. 25 is a view corresponding to fig. 24 showing a modification where the
cone end of the socket c rests upon a cone cavity in the end of an adjusting set
screw c³ in a stirrup e jointed with the lower rail b at c' as shown.
By slightly lifting the socket c it can be withdrawn by turning the stirrup cб to
one side.
The end of the socket has a groove or warf c³ for a band, which may pass round
a drum or shaft in suitable bearings passing from end to end of the machine and
geared to be rotated or to allow all the sockets to rotate slowly that is, say once a
minute or oftener, if desired.
The sockets are or may be arranged so that all on one side of the frame will
rotate or be rotated slowly by one band from one end of the frame, for example, by
making the disc c¹ fig. 16 to act as a warf for the socket by forming a groove for a
band in its edge, and providing such a disc for each socket, then commencing at one
end (see diagram fig. 26) the band passes on one side to the second disc (2) half
round it then to the first disc (1) half round it, then it passes to the sixth disc (6)
half round it and the fifth (5) and so on omitting two discs alternately until it
arrives at the other end of the frame, when it returns round a pulley on a stud or
by passing twice round the last disc (say disc 6 fig. 25) and then goes back to the
other end of the frame again going round each pair of discs (3 and 4) previously
passed over as it passes along the two ends and of the bands are united passing
one or more times' round a pulley on a shaft driven at a slow speed.
The grooves in each pair of discs (1 and 2-3 and 4 and 5 and 6 and so on) are
arranged the second (2) a little lower down than the groove on the first disc (1) of ·
cach pair, so as to allow the bands to pass or cross without rubbing against each
other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The arranging of the bearings of spindles. for spinning and doubling or
twisting in tubes or sockets which can rotate or be rotated in suitable bearings
while the spindle is at work substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by the drawings.
2. The arranging of the bearings of spindles for spinning, doubling or twisting
in a tube which acts as a reservoir of oil for the bearings and which can rotate or
be rotated in bearings while the spindle is at work, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The arrangement and combination of spindles with their bearings in a tube
forming a reservoir for lubricant, which tube is capable of rotating while the spindle

page_text: is at work and can be readily withdrawn from the spindle which is held suspended
and without removing the band, substantially as herein before described and illustrated
by the drawings.
4. The several combinations and arrangements of spindles and tube bearings for
sockets and connected parts, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings.
5. The arrangements for absorbing the tremor or vibration of the spindle sockets
and for retarding their too rapid rotation, substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the drawings.
6. The combinations with the sockets for positively driving or rotating them,
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
7. The arrangements and combinations for simultaneously withdrawing the
sockets from their bearings, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
by the drawings.
8. The combination of rotary bearing socket and spindles with doffing arrange-
ments substantially as herein before described and illustrated by figs. 4 and 5 of the
drawings.
9. The construction of the sockets (c) of rolled or drawn tubes and closing the
lower end by a plug soldered or otherwise secured to the tube substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by figs. 4 and 13 of the drawings.
10. The combination of an excentric on a bush or warf for holding down the
spindle as hereinbefore described and illustrated by figs. 3, 9, 12 and 6ª of the
drawings.
with dow of Dishor 1988