IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF MATERIALS APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Willis, junior, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the
County of Northumberland, Miller, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE PREPARATION OF MATERIALS APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER."
Sealed the 11th June 1862, and dated the 16th December 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Willis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th December
1861.
I, JOHN WILLIS, junior, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of
Northumberland, Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF MATERIALS APPLICABLE TO THE MANU-
FACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the preparation of oatmeal, seeds, and sawdust, so
as to adapt them for use as ingredients in the manufacture of paper either
separately or in combination.
The mode of preparing the oatmeal seeds is, for some kinds of papers, to
split or divide them in a mill by means of fluted grinding stones, and for
other kinds to grind them into a fine powder by bringing the grinding stones
closer together, and, if necessary, to sift the powder. And the mode of pre-
paring the sawdust is, first, to dry it in a kiln or otherwise, then to sift it and
grind it into a fine powder, and sift it again if required.
In case it should be

page_text: found necessary, a small quantity of salt may be mixed with the sawdust for
the purpose
of preventing it from becoming inflamed by the heat caused by
the friction of the stones. Also for finally sifting the ground sawdust it may
be found advisable to employ a set of brushes fixed on a travelling endless belt
kept to the surface of the sieve by springs, or a revolving barrel covered with 5
wire, and fixed brushes may be combined with the sieve.
'SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Willis in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WILLIS, junior, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland,
Miller, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Willis, Her special license that I, the said John Willis,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Willis, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRE-
PARATION OF MATERIALS APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Willis, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Willis, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in the Preparation of Materials appli

page_text: cable to the Manufacture of Paper," consists in the preparation of oatmeal,
seeds, and sawdust, so as to adapt them for use as ingredients in the manu-
facture of paper, either separately or in combination.
The mode of preparing the oatmeal seeds is, for some kinds of papers, to
split or divide them in a mill by means of fluted grinding stones; and for
other kinds to grind them into a fine powder by bringing the grinding stones
closer together, and, if necessary, to sift the powder. And the mode of pre-
paring the sawdust is, first, to dry it in a kiln or otherwise, then to sift it and
grind it into a fine powder, and sift it again if required. In case it should be
found necessary, a small quantity of salt may be mixed with the sawdust for
the purpose of preventing it from becoming inflamed by the heat caused by
the friction of the stones. Also for finally sifting the ground sawdust it may
be found advisable to employ a set of brushes fixed on a travelling endless belt
kept to the surface of the sieve by springs; or a revolving barrel covered with
wire and fixed brushes may be combined with the sieve.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed to
describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed by the
aid of the accompanying Drawing, which represents parts of the machinery,
in which a difference is made from that ordinarily used in mills.
The machinery used is the same as that in an ordinary mill for grinding
corn, except that the stones are grooved differently, and are encased in iron for
safety from fire.
+
Fig. 1 is a plan or horizontal view of one of the stones, and Fig. 2 is a
vertical section of the same. a, a, are the lands, and b, b, the furrows. The
The dressing
bed stone is to be grooved the same as the running stone.
cylinder is also the same as usual, except that it is mounted, so as to have
much more fall than usual, being a fall of about five inches to one foot. It
is covered with wire in the ordinary manner, except that the wire is coarser
than that ordinarily used. Fig. 3 represents the cylinder, which rests upon
saddles on the bearings c, and it is driven by the pinion d at the rate of about
sixteen revolutions per minute. A set of brushes, about seven in number,
fixed on the spindle e, which passes through the cylinder are driven at the rato
of about three hundred and fifty revolutions per minute in a direction opposite
to that of the cylinder. The cylinder is fed by an ordinary silent feed fitted
with two sheaves and four revolving blades on each sheave. This feed may bo
driven fron the brush spindle. The material is run into sacks from the cylinder,
and is then ready for use. Sawdust when thus ground is run through an
ordinary hand sieve, or it may be sifted by machinery, such as that above
referred to.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as of
my Invention is, the preparation of oatmeal seeds and sawdust in the
manner herein-before described, so as to render them fit to be used in the
manufacture of paper.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Willis, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
J. HENRY INGLEDEW,
Of No. 3, Dean Street,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
Attorney-at-Law.
JOHN WILLIS. (L.S.)