IMPROVEMENTS IN WRINGING, MANGLING, AND CALENDERING MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Wood, of Heaton Norris, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WRINGING,
MANGLING, AND CALENDERING MACHINES."
Sealed the 8th April 1879, and dated the 13th January 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Wood at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January 1879.
CHARLES WOOD, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN WRINGING, MANGLING, AND CALENDERING MACHINES."
My Invention relates to the machinery employed in the wringing, mangling, and
calendering of fabrics or yarns in the processes of scouring, bleaching, stiffening, or
finishing, or to the domestic machines employed in the wringing and mangling of
fabrics. My Invention relates in the first place to the number and disposition of
the rollers in such machines. In place of two rollers I employ three rollers, namely,
a lower roller and two upper rollers, each of which is situated on a separato radial
from the lower roller. The lower roller is or may be larger in diameter than each
of the upper rollers. The upper rollers are pressed towards the lower roller by
means of weights or springs, or by suitable or ordinary arrangements. When
articles are passed through the machine they are twico subjected to the action of
the rollers, so that an effect is obtained by one operation equal or about equal to
two operations with an ordinary machine. In some cases the lower roller or one or
more of the rollers may be of copper or other suitable metal. I may employ more
than three rollers, and I may employ one upper roller and two or more lower rollers.
A second part of my Invention relates to the means for driving or actuating the
wringing, mangling, or calendering machines, and is applicable either to the machines
constructed in accordance with the first part of my Invention or to machines of
ordinary construction. I employ a bevil disc and two bevil friction pinions to give
motion to the lower roller or to the roller which receives motion directly from the
driving shaft.
The said friction pinions are situated on opposite sides of the axis of
the said disc, so that when one is in action the disc is rotated in one direction, and
when the other is in action the disc is rotated in the other direction. I provide
means for throwing one friction pinion into action, and the other one out of action
simultaneously. In one arrangement each friction pinion is formed and provided
with a conical friction clutch or with a suitable clutch, and the two forks which
move the two clutches into and out of gear are both operated by a screw-shaft, so
that by turning the said shaft the direction of revolution of the rollers can be
reversed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Charles Wood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th July
1879.
CHARLES WOOD, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic.
PROVEMENTS IN WRINGING, MANGLING, AND CALENDERING MACHINES."
"
IM-
My Invention relates to the machinery employed in the wringing, mangling, and
calendering of fabrics or yarns in the processes of scouring, bleaching, stiffening, or
finishing, or to the domestic and laundry machines employed in the wringing and
mangling of fabrics. My Invention relates in the first place to the number and
disposition of the rollers in such machines. In place of two rollers I employ three
rollers, namely, a lower roller and two upper rollers, each of which is situated on a
separate radial from the lower roller. The lower roller is or may be larger in
diameter than each of the upper rollers. The upper rollers are pressed towards the
lower roller by means of weights or springs, or by suitable or ordinary arrange-
ments. When articles are passed through the machine they are twice subjected to
the action of the rollers, so that an effect is obtained by one operation equal or
about equal to two operations with an ordinary machine. I may employ more
than three rollers, and I may employ one upper roller and two or more lower
rollers. A second part of my Invention relates to the means for driving or actuating
the wringing, mangling, or calendering machines, and is applicable either to the
machines constructed in accordance with the first part of my Invention or to
machines of ordinary construction. I employ a bevel disc and two bevel friction
pinions to give motion to the lower roller or to the roller which receives motion
directly from the driving shaft. The said friction pinions are situated on opposite
sides of the axis of the said disc so that when one is in action the disc is rotated in
one direction, and when the other is in action the disc is rotated in the other
direction.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood, I will now
proceed more particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the hereinbefore
referred to improvements, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
said Invention is or may be used or carried into practical effect, reference being
had to the annexed Sheet of Drawings and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
Fig. 1 is a cross sectional diagramatic view of the rollers of a wringing, mangling,
or calendering machine arranged according to my Invention.
Fig. 2 is an end clevation of a similar machine, shewing my improved driving
apparatus attached thereto.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the main roller and driving arrangement, and Fig. + is a
detail view of the clutch fork.
In Fig. 1 the larger main roller A is supported in adjustable bearings by the
framing B, while the smaller upper rollers C and D are similarly supported and
preferably arranged, as shewn, radially to the larger roller, with the periphery of
which they remain in contact. The rollers are pressed together at the points of
contact by means of weights or springs acting in the ordinary manner upon the
journals, as is well understood. The articles to be treated are fed in at one side of
the machine, and are subjected first to the pressure of the roller C, and then to
the pressure of the roller D, or vice versa, according to the direction of revolution,
an improved result being thus obtained at one operation in consequence of the
employment of the three rollers. It is however to be understood that in carrying
my Invention into effect any number of rollers greater than three may be employed,
and instead of being arranged as shown in the Drawing, the smaller rollers might
be placed beneath or in any other position relatively to the main roller; also, in

page_text: certain cases, it may be desirable to have the rollers of equal diameters; and, further-
more, they may be of any suitable material corresponding to the nature or the mode
of treatment of the goods; for example, they may be made of wood, paper, copper,
iron, or other metal, and may be constructed so as to be heated by hot air, steam, or
gas. My improved arrangement for actuating the rollers of the class of machinery
under consideration is illustrated by Figures 2 and 3 of the Drawings, and consists
of a disc E keyed or otherwise fixed upon the end of the shaft F, which carries the
main roller A. The face of the disc E is inclined or beveled, as seen more particu-
larly in Fig. 3. Immediately in front of the disc and at right angles to its axis is
situated a cross shaft G supported in bearings H, which are attached to the framing
B of the machine, and carrying two friction pinions I, the peripheries of which are
beveled to correspond to the inclined face of the disc E; these friction pinions are
secured to the cross shaft G by means of slip feathers and grooves a, as indicated in
Fig. 4, so that while they are made to rotate with the shaft G they are at the same
time capable of being moved horizontally along the said shaft. A grooved boss k
is formed on the back of each friction pinion, and clutch forks L, shown in detail at
Fig. 4, are provided, the forked ends being connected with quadrant blocks, which
are fitted in the grooves on the pinions, while the lower ends take the form of a
boss or nut, through which a screw shaft M passes in such a manner as that when
the said screw shaft is rotated in one direction or the other by means of the hand
wheels N the clutch forks, and consequently the said friction pinions, are simulta-
neously moved across the face of the disc E. In the Drawing both friction pinions
aro shewn equi-distant from the axis F, and while in this position both will remain
out of contact with the disc E, but it will be readily understood that if the screw
shaft M be operated in one direction the friction pinions I will move across the disc
until that pinion, which is approaching the axis F, will by virtue of the inclined
surface of the disc come into contact therewith, and by causing it to partake of its
rotation will impart rotatory motion to the rollers of the machine. To reverse
the movement of the rollers it is only necessary to manipulate the screw
shaft M in a different direction, whereupon that friction pinion which formerly
receded from the axis F will in its turn advance until its periphery comes
into contact with and effects the rotation of the disc E in a contrary direction.
Instead of shifting the friction pinions horizontally upon the cross shaft G, as
herein before described, they may be placed loosely upon the said shaft, and allowed
to remain constantly in contact with the disc E, in which case friction or other
clutches are applied to the back of the pinion in such a manner that when the
driving halves of the clutches are moved by the screw shaft and forks in and out of
gear with the pinions, the pinions, and consequently the disc and rollers, are put in
motion in any required direction. Motion may be communicated to the cross
shaft G by means of a belt pulley o, or in any other suitable manner; and in some
cases the disc E may be fixed upon a shaft, which is connected by gearing with
the axle of the roller. The herein before described driving arrangement may be
applied either to machines constructed in accordance with the first part of my
Invention, or to machines otherwise arranged as regards their rollers.
Having now described and more particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I would
observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and therefore
claim is,-
First. The employment of three rollers, arranged substantially as and for the
purposes set forth and indicated hereinbefore and by Fig. 1 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Secondly. The employment in wringing, mangling, and calendering machines of
three or of a greater number than three rollers, when arranged substantially in the
manner hereinbefore set forth and indicated.
And, lastly. The application to wringing, mangling, and calendering machines of
the frictional driving and reversing apparatus, substantially as herein before

page_text: described, and as illustrated in the Drawings, or any mere modification of the
same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Wood, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
Signed and sealed by the said
Charles Wood in the pre-
sence of
EDWARD K. DUTTON.
Agent to the Patentee,
St. Ann's Churchyard,
Manchester.
CHARLES WOOD. (L.S.)