CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR LIFTING AND MOVING WEIGHTS, WORKING CHAINS, AND PUMPING, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE MORE ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SHIP USE
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
LAMPORT, of Workington, in the County of Cumberland, Ship Builder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Nineteenth day of
June, One thousand eight hundred and fifty, in the thirteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Lamport, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, Her especial licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Charles Lamport,
my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Lamport,
my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the Islands of Guernsey,
Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her said Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR LIFTING AND MOVING WEIGHTS, WORKING
CHAINS, AND PUMPING, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE MORE ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR
SHIP USE;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the

page_text: said Charles Lamport, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Lamport, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
.and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
The first part of the Invention consists in applying to winch or other barrels.
an apparatus for working chain cables termed a gipsey, which simply consists
of a pulley having four or more pairs of projections or snugs cast on the
opposite sides of its circumference, forming recesses to receive the links of the
chain edgeways, and are situated at such a distance apart on the circumfer-
ence so that each pair of snugs shall receive every alternate link of the chain
edgeways, and the spaces between them which receive the links on the flat
sile shall correspond in length to a single link of the chain. This part of
my Invention also relates to several arrangements for rendering winches
applicable to the purposes of pumping.
The second part of my Invention relates to improvements in ship or other
blocks, and consists in making the shell of the block the friction pulley of the
sheave.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to explain the annexed Drawings, in which
Figure 1 shews a front elevation of a winch, as viewed from the fore part
of the ship, and constructed with the improvements contained in the first
part of my Invention. Figure 2 is an end view. Figure 3 is a plan.
Figure 4 is a transverse section taken through the centre of the winch.
The framing consists of two cast-iron standards A, connected together by
wrought-iron stay rods B, and nuts C. The upper shaft D, carrying a fly
wheel E, is supported in suitable bearings in the framing, and is furnished with
two handles F at the ends for working the winch. This shaft is formed with a
double crank (a) for giving motion to the pumping apparatus, which can be
connected to or disconnected. from the winch at pleasure, as hereafter
explained. The crank shaft D is inade square at the end for to receive the

page_text: b
handles F, and also two barrels G, round which the cable for moving weights
is coiled, when the single purchase only is used. E is a sliding pinion, also
fitting on the square portion of the shaft D, and gearing so as to form a
double purchase into a spur wheel I keyed on the lower shaft J, the latter
5 being made square throughout, except at its bearings in the standards A, and
bas fitted thereon a centre barrel K, and at the ends two smaller barrels L:
Between the barrels L and the standards are placed two pulleys or gipseys M
for working the chain cables N. The gipseys M are formed with five pairs
of projections or snugs b on their circumference, the snugs 6 being so placed
as to receive between each pair every alternate link of the chains N edgeways;
the spaces between each successive pair of snugs which receive the links of the
chain flatways corresponding in length to a single link of the chain. N; O;.
are the deck pipes, through which the chain passes from the gipseys M into
the locker in the hold of the vessel. A pair of pauls c, carried on studs d
fixed on the standards, fit into the teeth of the ratchet wheels e for the
purpose of retaining the upper shaft D and the barrels G in any fixed position..
The action of the winch when adapted to working chains, or when a double
purchase is required, will be as follows:-On motion being communicated-to-
the upper shaft D by the handles F in the direction of the arrow (Figure 2)}
the pinion H gearing into the wheel 1 causes the lower shaft J, and conse
quently the centre barrel K, the two barrels L, and also the gipseys M, to-
move in a contrary direction, thereby enabling the chains N, after passing
over the gipseys M, to descend through the deck pipes O into the hold of the
vessel. When the motion of the handles F is reversed, the chains, by means
of the gipseys, descend from the hold of the vessel, and after passing over
the gipseys are deposited on the deck of the vessel. If it be required to
remove the chain after a portion of the latter is deposited by the gipsey on
deck to the fore part of the vessel, a block fis hooked to the end link g of the
chain, and a rope P having one of its ends i fastened to any suitable fixture
connected with the ship's windlass, and the opposite end J, after passing over
the sheave of the block, is returned back to the windlass and passed round
the barrel of the latter, so that when motion is communicated to the windlass
barrel the end J of the rope P shall be caused to move from the winch
towards the windlass, it follows that the block f (through the end i of the
rope being fixed), and consequently the chain must traverse the deck in-
the corresponding direction. When the winch is required for a single pur-
chase, a chain l, one end of which is fixed to the upper shaft D, and the
other terminating in a pin fitting into the same shaft for retaining the sliding
pinion H in gear, is withdrawn, and the latter moved by hand to the position

page_text: represented by the dotted lines (Figure 1), so as to be out of gear with the
wheel 1 in order to disengage the upper shaft D from the lower shaft J.
I will now describe the apparatus for pumping as applied to the winch
before described. Q are connecting rods attached to the cranks a on the fly
wheel shaft D, by means of hinged straps R, the latter being fixed to the
rods by pins m in order to allow of the straps R and the rods Q to be
disconnected from the crank shaft, when the winch is used for other pur-
poses than pumping. S is the mast, at the foot of which are the mast
partners T; adjoining the latter are the pumps U, which are of the ordinary
construction, and furnished with nozzles V for supplying water. The action of
the pumping apparatus is as follows:-Previous to pumping the sliding
pinion His thrown out of gear with the wheel 1 (as represented by the
dotted lines in Figure 1), and on the shaft. D being made to revolve the
cranks a impart an upward and downward motion to the connecting rods Q
the ends of which are attached to the pistons in the barrels of the pumps U
in the usual way, and by those means the water is raised so as to flow through
the nozzles V of the pumps.
Another arrangement of gypsey winch, and one also applicable to pumping,
I will now proceed to describe. Figure 5 is a transverse section taken
through the centre of the winch. Figure 6 is a front view, looking from the
plan of
fore part of the vessel. Figure 7 is an end view. Figure 8 is a
the pump, showing the position of the latter with respect to the mast of
the vessel. A represents the standards, connected together by iron stays B and
nuts C. D is the upper shaft, carrying a certre barrel E and also two smaller
barrels F; at the ends G are the handles. The shaft D is furnished with a
sliding pinion H gearing into a spur wheel 1 (to form a double purchase)
keyed on the lower shaft J, containing a centre barrel K and two smaller
barrels L. At the ends M are the gypseys, furnished with snugs a, and
similar in all respects to those described in the former arrangement for carrying
the chains N, the latter passing from the gypseys through the deck pipes O
into the locker contained in the hold of the vessel. A pair of ratchet wheels
bare fixed in the upper shaft in which fit two pauls c placed on the opposite
ends of the upper stay rod B, for maintaining the upper shaft in any fixe
position. P is the double crank shaft for working the pumps (as explained
hereafter) carried by suitable bearings in the standards. This shaft is fur
nished with a sliding pinion Q, which is geared into the spur wheel 1 in the
lower barrel shaft. The pumping apparatus consists of two connecting rods
R fixed to the cranks d of the shaft P, by means of hinged straps S and pins e
Tare the pumps furnished with nozzles U. V is the mast; W, the mas

page_text: partners. The action of the winch for pumping, as represented in Figure 6,
is as follows:-When the upper shaft D is caused to revolve motion is com-
municated to the lower barrel shaft J, containing the gypseys M, by means of
the pinion H gearing into the wheel 1; the latter wheel (1) drives the pinion
Q on the crank shaft, the cranks of the latter giving motion to the connecting
rods attached to the pistons of the pumps T in precisely the same manner as
in the first arrangement, the water flowing from the nozzles U of the pumps.
When the winch is used as a double purchase for working chains, the pinion
Qon the crank shaft is slid out of gear with the wheel 1, so as to be in the
position represented by the dotted lines, so as to disconnect the crank shaft
from the upper shaft D and lower shaft J. When the top barrel shaft D of
the winch is only required to be used, as in the case of a single purchase, the
sliding pinion H is moved out of gear with respect to the wheel 1 by means
of a leverf, and brought into the position denoted by the dotted lines. It
will therefore be seen from the foregoing arrangement that the top barrel
shaft when a single purchase is used, can be used independent of either the
lower barrel shaft or the crank shaft, and also that the upper and lower shafts
can be worked together as a double purchase, independent of the crank shaft
for working the pumps.
I will now describe the third arrangement for rendering gipsey winches
applicable to pumping. In the Drawings Figure 9 is a front elevation viewed
from the fore part of the vessel. Figure 10 is an end view. Figure 11 is a
plan.
centre of the
winch: A are the standards, connected together by stay rods B and nuts C.
D is the upper shaft, containing a centre barrel E and two end barrels F.
Gare the handles. H is the wheel, keyed on the upper shaft, for giving
motion to the crank shaft for working the pumps, as hereafter explained.
I is the sliding pinion, placed on the shaft D and gearing into a spur wheel
J keyed on the lower shaft K, the latter containing the centre barrel L, the
end barrels M, and the gypseys N, for working the chains O. P are the
deck pipes conducting the chain to the hold of the vessel. Q is a shaft, con-
taining a spur pinion R (Figure 11), and bevil wheel S, the latter being got
on to the shaft through being formed in two halves, and bolted together. The
shaft Q is formed with two cranks a, to which are attached hinged straps T fixed
to the rods U by pins b. V is the mast; W, the mast partners; X, the pumps
containing nozzles Y. The bevil wheel S on the crank shaft Q gears into a
pinion Z on the shaft c, carrying a fly wheel d, and working in capped
bearings e, supported by a cross frame f, the ends of which are firmly bolted
to the standards A. The shaft Q is supported at the centre by a bracket g
Figure 12 is a transverse section taken through the

page_text: bolted to the cross frame f; the latter has also bolted on the top a guard h
placed over the fly, bolted to flanges formed on a bar i, which encircles the
mast, in order to protect the fly wheel from injury. The action of this winch
for a double purchase is as follows:-When motion is given to the upper
shaft D, the sliding pinion I working into the wheel J gives motion to the
barrels and gipseys, the latter working the chains in the manner described in
former arrangements. When the upper barrel shaft of the winch is only
required to be worked, as in case of a single purchase, the pinion 1 is released
from the wheels J by being thrown out of gear, and the upper and lower
barrels are thereby disconnected. When the winch is used for pumping the
pinion 1 is thrown out of gear with the wheel J, and sliding pinion R on the
crank shaft is thrown into gear with the spur wheel H on the upper shaft,
so that when the latter is put in motion the wheel H working into the
pinion R gives an accelerated velocity to the crank shaft, which, by means of
the rods U, attached to the pistons of the pumps, causes the latter to afford
an additional supply of water, and at the same time the crank shaft imparts,
by means of the bevil wheel S working into the smaller wheel or pinion Z,
an increase of velocity to the fly wheel. The crank shaft for working the
pumps may be driven by handles fixed on the ends of the crank shaft,
independently of either the upper or lower shafts, for which purpose the
pinion R has only to be thrown out of gear with the spur wheel H on the
upper shaft.
With respect to my claims in this part of my Invention, I have to state
that I only claim as original the combination of gipsey winch with ordinary
winch barrel, and also the union of pumping with the above two. I do not
claim as ny Invention either the gipsey winch itself, nor the union of
pumping with the ordinary winch alone: In the winch described under the
third arrangement, and represented by Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12, the
accelerated velocity imparted to the fly wheel, united both with the winch
alone for pumping, and also with the winch and gipsey, is new.
I will now describe the second part of my Invention, which relates to
improvements in blocks, and consists in making the shell of the block the
friction pulley for the sheave. In the Drawings Figure 18 is an edge view of
a block; Figure 14 is a plan. A are the sides of the block, connected
together by studs B, on which are placed rollers C, for taking the friction from
the rope; D is a socket for carrying the hook E; F is the sheave placed upon
the pin G, the ends of which pass through the sides of the block; II is the
shell formed of a boss, with two flanges cast upon it, and fixed on a stud 1,
passing through the sides of the block. When pressure is applied to a rope

page_text: passing over a block sheave the latter revolves, and the boss of the sheave
bearing upon the flanges of the shell causes the latter to rotate, and the
friction of the sheave stud in the bearings of the block is diminished.
The claim in respect of this portion of the Invention is for making the
shell of the block the friction pulley of the sheave. I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not strictly confine myself to the precise details of my Inven-
tion so long as the main features thereof are adhered to.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Lamport, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Eleventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of December, in
the year of our Lord 1850, the aforesaid Charles Lamport came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fourteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty.