IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
INJECTORS." A communication from abroad by James Fergus George H.
Colket, and James A. Brown, all of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
of America.
Scaled the 15th August 1876, and dated the 29th March 1876
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1876.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS." A communication from abroad by
James Fergus George H. Colket and James A. Brown, all of Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania, United States of America.
The main object of this Invention is to so construct an injector that the operating
parts can be readily removed from the body for the purpose of cleansing, repairs,
and the like; further objects of the Invention being to improve the construction
of the check valve in the discharge pipe which communicates with the boiler and
to protect the spring which operates the valve in the overflow branch.
In carrying out this Invention the body of the injector is provided with the
usual steam branch, the said body being enlarged in diameter where each of these
branches communicate with it so as to form a steam chamber, water chamber, and
overflow chamber respectively.
The body has a central opening extending throughout its entire length, into
which is fitted a detachable tube, and in the latter are formed the steam nozzle and
the usual central passages and openings serving to establish communication between
the interior of the tube and the water branch and overflow branch, the admission
of steam to the nozzle is regulated by the position of the said nozzle in respect
to the valve spindle which projects from a tapering plug adapted to a tapering seat
in the end of the body. The spindle is threaded throughout a portion of its
length, and to this threaded portion is adapted a nut secured to the end of the
detachable tube before-mentioned, the nut being slotted at its opposite sides and
adapted to ribs formning on the opposite sides of the casing of the water chamber
so that by turning the said spindle by means of a handle the said tube may
be advanced or retracted and the steam space enlarged or contracted at pleasure.
The tapering plug before-mentioned is confined to its seat by a nut bearing against
[Price Od.]

page_text: its outer end. The nozzle and the opening of the tube leading to the water branch
are so arranged in respect to each other that when the nozzle is closed by the valve
spindle the opening will be closed or nearly closed by the rear edge of the water
chamber, so that the admission of both steam and water will be gradually increased
as the tube is moved forward until both passages are fully open. The outer
end of the tube is reduced in diameter beyond the overflow chamber, and this
reduced portion is adapted to a correspondingly reduced portion of the central
opening in the body of the injector. At the point where this reduced opening
expands into the overflow chamber a valve seat is formed adapted to a valve
formed on the body of the tube around the edge of the opening leading into
the overflow chamber, so that when the tube is moved forward to its full extent the
valve will close against the scat and communication between the opening and
overflow branch will be cut off. The openings before-mentioned are, however, so
arranged in respect to each other that when the openings communicating with the
overflow chamber are closed the openings communicating with the water chamber
will be open
or partly open and steam can pass back around the nozzle
through the latter opening and through the water branch into the feed tank, thus
serving to heat the water in the same. This feature is of especial advantage in
injectors for locomotive boilers in which the feed water is likely to freeze in cold
weather owing to the exposure of the tank.
Another feature of the Invention consists in forming the check valve in the
discharge passage of the injector with a disc valve and a ring, the two being con-
nected together by arms. The ring ensures a firm bearing for the valve at the
rear end, effectually preventing its displacement, and admits of the usual guiding
bridge being dispensed with, the passage for the water being thus enlarged
and the back pressure of steam to close the valve having its full effect. The
valve of the overflow branch in lieu of having a stem embraced by a spring as
usual has a socket formed in its lower portion, in which fits the upper end of the
operating spring the lower end of the latter embracing a pin on a bridge, which
extends across the overflow branch. On the depression of the valve the spring will
be contained within the socket of the same, and will be protected from the injurious
effects of steam or hot water passing through the tube.
It will be evident that by employing in connection with a plain tubular casing a
detachable tube in which are combined the steam jet water passages and other
parts the work upon these parts can be performed before the tube is inserted in its
place, and is therefore much more easily and accurately done than if the jet and
passages formed part of the body itself as usual, while repairs or remedying of
accidents can be effected with greater facility and at less cost than attends the
repairing of ordinary injectors.
A prominent advantage resulting from the detachability of the tube is that the
body of the injector, when the said tube is removed, can, swing to the area of the
opening through the body, be used as a feed pipe for filling the boiler before starting
the fire, thus dispensing with the separate devices ordinarily used for this purpose.
In some cases in which it is desirable that the tube, though removable, shall
not reciprocate, the said tube made be secured in proper position within the body by
means of a set screw or other fastening, and a moveable valve spindle may be
employed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Scal Patent Office on the 29th
August 1876.
Jonx HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS." A communication from abroad
by James Fergus George H. Colket and James A. Brown, all of Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, United States of America.

page_text: The said Invention has for its main object constructing an injector in such a
manner as to admit of the operating parts being readily removed from the body
for the purpose of cleansing, repairs, and the like; further objects of the Invention
being to improve the construction of the check valve in the discharge pipe which
communicates with the boiler, and to protect the spring which operates the valve in
the overflow branch.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section of the improved
injector; Figure 2, an exterior view of part of the injector detached from the
exterior casing; and Figure 3, a transverse section taken along the line 1-2,
Figure 1.
с
The body A of the injector is provided with the usual steam branch a, water
branch b, and overflow branch d, the said body A being enlarged in diameter where
each of these branches communicate with it so as to form a steam chamber a', water
chamber b, and overflow chamber respectively. The body A has a central opening
extending throughout its entire length, into which is fitted the detachable tubo B,
and in the latter are formed the steam nozzle e and the usual passages and f¹, and
openings and h serving to establish communication between the interior of the
tube B, and the water branch b, and overflow branch d. The admission of steam to
the nozzle e is regulated by the position of the said nozzle in respect to the valve
spindle i, which projects from a tapering plug D adapted to a tapering scat in the
end of the body A. The spindle is threaded throughout a portion of its length,
and to this threaded portion is adapted a nut j, secured to the end of the tube B,
the nut being slotted at its opposite sides and adapted to ribs & formed on the
opposite sides of the casing of the water chamber a' (see Figure 3), so that by
turning the said spindle i by means of its handle the tube B may be advanced or
retracted and the steam space enlarged or contracted at pleasure. The plug D is
confined to its seat by the nut m bearing against its outer end. The nozzle e and
the opening g of the tube B are so arranged in respect to each other that when the
former is closed by the valve spindle the latter will be closed or nearly closed
by the rear edge of the water chamber b¹, so that the admission of both steam and
water will be gradually increased as the tube B is moved forward until both
passages are fully open. The outer end of the tube B is reduced in diameter at E,
as shewn more clearly in Figure 2, and this reduced portion E is adapted to a
correspondingly reduced portion of the central opening in the body A of the
injector. At the point where this reduced opening expands into the overflow
chamber d¹ there is formed a valve seat n, which is adapted to a valve o formed on
the body of the tube B around the edge of the opening h, so that when the tube is
moved forward to its full extent the valve o will close against the seat n, and
communication between the opening and the overflow branch will be cut off.
The openings and h are, however, so arranged in respect to each other that when
the latter are closed the former will be open or partly open, and steam can pass
back around the nozzle e through the openings g, and through the branch b into the
feed tank, thus serving to heat the water in the same. This feature is of especial
advantage in injectors for locomotive boilers in which the feed water is likely to
freeze in cold weather owing to the exposure of the tank.
Another feature of the Invention consists in forming the check valve F in the
discharge passage of the injector with a disc valve
and a ring p', the two being
connected together by arins q. The ring p¹ insures a firm bearing for the valve at
the rear end, effectually preventing its displacement, and admits of the usual
guiding bridge being dispensed with, the passage for the water being thus enlarge
and the back pressure of steam to close the valve having its full effect. The valve s
of the overflow branch in lieu of having a stem embraced by a spring as usual has
a socket formed in its lower portion in which fits the upper end of the operating

page_text: spring t, the lower end of the latter embracing a pin on a bridge v, which extends
across the overflow branch. On the depression of the valves the spring t will be
contained within the socket of the same, and will be protected from the injurious
effects of steam or hot water passing through the tube.
It will be evident that by employing in connection with a plain tubular casing
a detachable tube, in which are combined the steam jet, water passages, and other
parts before-mentioned, the work upon all these parts can be performed before the
tube is inserted in its place, and is therefore much more easily and accurately
done than if the jet and passages formed part of the body itself as usual, whilst
repairs or the remedying of accidents can be effected with greater facility and at
less cost than attends the repairing of ordinary injectors.
A prominent advantage resulting from the detachability of the tube B is that
the body A of the injector, when the said tube is removed, can, owing to the area
of the opening through the body, be used as a feed pipe for filling the boiler before
starting the fire, thus dispensing with the separate devices ordinarily used for this
purpose.
In some cases in which it is desirable that the tube B, though removable, shall
not reciprocate, the said tube may be secured in proper position within the body
by means of a set screw or other fastening, and a movable valve spindle may be
employed.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent, is-
First. The combination with the body of an injector of a removable tube B
adapted to a longitudinal opening in such body, and provided with a steain nozzle
and inlet and outlet openings, the whole being combined with a fixed or moveable
valve stem, substantially as herein-before described.
Secondly. The combination of the body A, and its chambers a¹, b', and ', and
the fixed valve spindle i, with the movable tube B, its nozzle c, passages f, ƒ³, and
openings and h, and with devices for operating the said tube.
Thirdly. The combination of the tapering plug D and its projecting valve stem i,
partly threaded as described with the tube Band its nut, the recessed edges of
which are adapted to ribs on the body of the injector, substantially as herein-
before described.
Fourthly. The combination of the water chamber and overflow chamber of
the injector with the openings and in the tube B, the said openings being
arranged in respect to each other, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before
described.
Fifthly. The combination of the valve o, opening 1, and contracted portion E of
the tube B, with the contracted portion of the body A and its valve seat n, and
with the overflow branch, all substantially as and for the purpose herein-before
described.
Sixthly. The combination of the check valve F with its disc 2, ring p', and
arms g, with the discharge passage of the injector, substantially as herein before
described.
Seventhly. The overflow valves and its socket in combination with the spring t
bridge, and pin u, arranged within the overflow tube, substantially as and for the
purpose herein-before described.
In witness whereof, 1, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my Specifi-
cation set my hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-six.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)