IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING YARN TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH SIZING AND OTHER MACHINES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Maximilian Baerlein, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DRYING YARN TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH SIZING AND
OTHER MACHINES."
.
Sealed the 9th May 1878, and dated the 18th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Maximilian Baerlcin
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 18th March 1878.
I, MAXIMILIAN BAERLEIN, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
3 do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DRYING YARN TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH SIZING AND OTHER
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
In my improved apparatus the yarn passes in a zig-zag or serpentine
form alternately over and under rollers, and whilst so doing is subjected
to a current of hot air drawn by fans through flues or pipes passing
through the interior of steam boilers or receptacles, which heated air is

page_text: impelled again past the outside of the said boilers or receptacles and
through the yarn or thread, and escapes at the top, by which arrange-
ment the moisture arising from the yarn is carried off at once and does
not pass again through the yarn.
The apparatus consists principally of a series of upper and lower
rollers placed such a distance apart that the sheet of yarn in passing
alternately over and under them assumes a serpentine or zig-zag form.
Each double fold of yarn in passing from a lower roller over an upper
ono and thence downwards to the next lower roller is enclosed in a box,
the upper part of which is open so as to allow the steam and heated air to 1
cscape on each side of the upper roller, and the sides of this box slope
outwards so that their lower ends approximate to the lower rollers.
Between these two rollers is placed a rovolving fan working in a trough
which nearly fills the space between the two said rollers. Above this
fan and between it and the upper roller is a steam boiler or receptaclo 1
through which pass air flues or tubes which communicate with the
central part of the fan, so that as the latter revolves it draws the heated
air through these flues or pipes and impels it upwards betweon, the
outside of the steam boiler or receptacle, and the yarn in the enclosed
box, the said hot air finally passing through the yarn and escaping together 2
with the moisture from the yarn between the top of the box and the upper
rollers.
As many of the above described groups of rollers, fans, boilers, and
enclosed boxes as may bo requisite for the proper drying of the yarn
aro placed in juxtaposition, so that the yarn passes from one to the 2
other alternately over and under the rollers in a serpentine or zig-zag
form as before-mentioned.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Maximilian Baerlein in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th September 1873.
8

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord Ono thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Maximilian Baerlein, Her
special license that I, the said Maximilian Baorlein, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Maximilian
Baerlein, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and law fully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
** IMPROVEMENTS in Apparatus FOR DRYING YARN TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH
SISING AND OTHER MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Maximilian Baerlein, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, on one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, tho said Maximilian Baerlein, do hereby
declare the nature of tho said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is
to say):-
In my improved apparatus the yarn passes in a zig-zag or scrpentine
form alternately over and under rollers, and whilst so doing is subjected
to a current of hot air drawn by fans through flucs or pipes passing
through the interior of steam chests or receptacles, which heated air is
impelled again past the outside of the said boilers or receptacles and
through the yarn or thread and escapes at the top, by which arrangement
the moisture arising from the yarn is carried off at once and does not.
pass again through the yarn.
The apparatus consists principally of a series of upper and lower:
rollers placed such a distanco apart that the sheet of yarn 'in passing.
alternately over and under them assumes a serpentine or zig-zag form.

page_text: Each double fold of yarn in passing from a lower roller over an upper
one, and thence downwards to the next lower roller is enclosed in a box,
the upper part of which is open so as to allow the moisture and heated
air to escape on cach side of the upper roller, and the sides of this box
slope outwards so that their lowerends approximate to the two lower rollers.
Between these two rollers is placed a revolving fan working in a trough
which nearly fills the space between the two said rollers. Above this
fan, and between it and the upper roller, is a steam chest or receptacle
through which pass air flues or tubes which communicate with the
central part of the fan so that as the latter revolves it draws the heated air
through these flues or pipes, and impels it upward between the outside of
the steam boiler or receptacle and the yarn in the enclosed box, the said
hot air finally passing through the yarn and escaping together with the
moisture from the yarn between the top of the box and the upper
rollers.
As many of the above described groups of rollers, fans, boilers, and
enclosed boxes, as may be requisite for the proper drying of the yarn are
placed in juxtaposition, so that the yarn passes from one to the other
alternately over and under the rollers in a serpentine or zig-zag form as
before-mentioned.
Such being the nature and object of the said Invention I will now
proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which the same is to
be or may be performed or carried into practical effect; and in order that
the same may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof:-
In the annexed Drawing Fig. 1 is a side clevation; Fig. 2 a longi-
tudinal section; and Fig. 3 a transverse section of my improved yarn
drying apparatus, shown as applied to a "slasher" sizing machine.
a, a, shows part of the ordinary creal; 6 is the roller in the "sow
box," usually made of wood, but sometimes also of other material;
b', the first squeezing roller; c is commonly known as the finishing
roller placed in the "sow box," and usually made of copper; and c³is
the squeezing roller for the same; d, d, d³, d³, are a series of upper and
lower rollers placed at suitable distances apart, and so arranged that the

page_text: sheet of yarn (shown by red lines in Fig. 2) in passing alternately over
and under them assumes a serpentino or zig-zag form, as shown. It
will be observed that each sheet of yarn in passing alternately under a
lower roller d¹ and over an upper roller d, and thence downwards to a
second lower roller d', and so forth, is enclosed in a box e, e, the upper
part of which is open so as to allow the moisture and heated air to pass
through the yarn and escape on each side of the upper roller d, as shown
by the black arrows; and the sides of this box e, e, slope outwards, so
that they are parallel or nearly so to the sheet of yarn, and their lower
ends approximate to the lower rollers d', d'. These rollers are separated
from the box e, c, by the trough g, g, and can easily be got at by lifting
the lid e* above the roller to remove any "lapper" that may form
thereon. In tho enclosed space between theso lower rollers is placed a
revolving fanff, working in a trough g, g.
It will be seen on reference to the Drawing that the fan shaft is
enclosed in a perforated tubo d*, d*, of tin or other suitable material
which fits close at each end over the central air opening, and revolves
with the fan, by which means the heated air which is introduced to the
fan is distributed much more evenly throughout the whole breadth of
the machine. Above the fan and between it and the upper roller d is a
steam chest or receptacle h, h, through which pass air flues or pipes i, i,
communicating by a trunk A, A, at each end, with the central part of the
fan, so that as the latter ravolves at a high velocity it draws the air
through the flues or pipes i, i, in the steam chest or receptacle, by
which it becomes heated, and is then impelled again upwards past the
outside of the said steam chest or receptacle, whereby it becomes further
heated, and with the exception of the small quantity of air escaping
between the edge of the yarn and the frame side all the air is driven
through the yarn and escapes finally (together with the moisture from
the yarn) between the top of the box e, e, and the top roller d.
In some cases I intend to heat the air in a special chamber outside
the chests, and bring it to the fan in a heated state, and in some cases
I let the air enter in a cold state and disperse it by the fan in such state,
heating it by impelling it against the pipes and other steam receptacles
inside the chests, which, if necessary, may be increased by any number
over these shown in the Drawings. In the latter case it will be desirable
to have an opening in the chests for admitting the cold air.

page_text: It will be observed that by my arrangements the moisture arising
from the yarn caused by the heat or current of air or both is carried
away at once without being again impelled against the yarn or carried
through it, and it will also be evident that owing to the way in which
the yarn is carried over and under the rollers inside the boxes the
upward current of air strikes against it both with and against the fibre,
and also that the air cannot escape without first passing through the
yarn, and thus separating the threads and carrying away the moisture..
Another advantage is that the yarn is introduced into the first
chamber or box direct from the copper roller c and the squeezing
roller c³, which acts as guide roller, so that the wet yarn does not pass
over or under any other guide roller before having been subjected to tho
drying process inside the chest, and thus having become partially dried.
The cold air is prevented from entering where the yarn is admitted
by means of a flannel or other material t, t, over the squeezer, and a 1
board 14, 1, covered with flannel and resting against the copper roller.
Also by the employment of the trough g, g, inside the two folds of
yarn at the bottom of the box, the current of air caused by the fan f,f,
is carried in an upward direction and prevented from spreading laterally.
T
It will be seen in the Drawing (Figs. 1 and 2) that three slightly
different modifications or arrangements A, B, and C are shown, that
marked B being the one first above described.
In the arrangement marked C, two additional steam chests or
cylinders n, n, above the steam chest ½, h, and two additional pipes o, o,
inside the trough 9, g, are shown.
In the modification marked A, the air tubes i; i, through the steam
chest h, h, are dispensed with, and the heated air is drawn by the
fanff, through tubes p, p, in which steam pipes q, q, are enclosed, or
steam may be outside and air inside. The guide rollers d, d, are kept
clean by means of fixed scrapers 7 or revolving scrapers & covered with §
flannel or other suitable material.
•
In some cases I propose to separate the copper and squeezing
rollers c, c', altogether from the "sow box" and rollers b, b', as shown
at D, in Fig. 1, so as to allow the size to penetrate better into the yarn;

page_text: doing so carries off the moisture at once and without its passing a second
time through the yarn, or being again impelled against it.
In witness whereof, I; the said Maximilian Baerlein, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this this Eleventh day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three. 5
Witnessed by
GEORGE DAVIES, O.E.,.
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
MAXIMILIAN BAERLEIN. (L.S.)