IMPROVEMENTS IN BLASTPIPES
Year: 1885

page_text: We ROBERT JOHN BILLINTON 23 Osmaston Road Derby in the county of
Derbyshire and RICHARD MOUNTFORD DEELEY Junior, of 1 Mill Hill Road,
Derby, in the County of Derbyshire, engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BLASTPIPES to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of an improved form of instrument for producing a
draught in Locomotive, Tramway, or other boilers, by means of steam jets issuing
through combined annular and circular orifices.
The invention consists in so constructing the blast pipe, or pipes, that the
exhaust steam from each cylinder is passed through separate orifices. One of
these orifices is annular in shape while the other is a plain circular opening. The
annular opening is arranged so as to surround the circular one near the point, or
top of the pipes, where the steam escapes into the smoke box, chimney, or other
receptacle, to be exhausted. The two pipes leading from the cylinders are caused
to join each other as early as possible, and to pass, the one within the other, until
within a suitable distance of the chimney base. At the point of discharge the
inner or circular nozzle is cut off a little shorter than the outer pipe which forms
the outside wall of the annular opening. By this means sufficient ejector action
is secured without using an induction tube which has heretofore been considered
essential.
By this arrangement the exhaust steam from one cylinder is prevented from
producing back pressure on the piston of the other cylinder. In addition to this
each jet of steam acts as an ejector and assists the escape of the steam from the
other orifice, surrounding or central as the case may be, but without detracting
from the value of the instrument as a blast producing machine. The area of each
blast orifice may also be considerably larger in proportion to the amount of steam
passing through it than in the arrangements which have one blast orifice only.
We do not claim the use either of the simple jet, the annular jet, or even the
two combined to act together, but we do claim as our invention the improved
arrangement of the parts as herein described; namely, the passing of the exhaust
steam from each cylinder through separate channels or pipes, the one passing
within the other, to two exhaust orifices, the one surrounding the other near the
point where the steam escapes into the smoke box, chimney, or other chamber,
Price 8d1

page_text: unobstructed by the intervention of induction or eduction tubes or pipes of curvi-
lineal shape or increasing area. Neither of the exhaust pipes is connected to both
cylinders, but each acts quite separately as regards the duties performed by it.
as a channel for the steam to pass from the particular cylinder with which it
communicates.
Improvements in Blastpipes.
We, ROBERT JOHN BILLINTON, Mechanical Engineer, of Western Cottage,
Osmaston Road, Derby and RICHARD MOUNTFORD DEELEY, Junior, Mechanical
engineer, of 1, Mill Hill Road, Derby, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BLASTPIPES and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement: -
Our improvement relates to that method of producing a draught in locomotive,
tramway, or other engine boilers, supplying double cylinder high pressure steam
engines, whereby the exhaust steam from each cylinder passes into a blastpipe
having two separate orifices one circular and the other of annular form. The outer
or annular opening is arranged so as to surround the inner circular one near the
point, or top of the pipes, where the steam escapes into the smoke box, chimney, or
other receptacle to be exhausted. The two exhaust pipes we cause to join each
other as early as possible after leaving the cylinders, and to pass, the one within
the other, until a suitable distance from the chimney base is reached. At the point
of discharge we prefer to cut off the inner or circular nozzle a little shorter than
the outer pipe, which forms the outer wall of the annular opening. By this means
sufficient ejector action is secured without using an induction tube, which has
heretofore been considered essential.
Our invention consists in an improved construction of the parts, which are so
arranged that the most effective ejector action is secured without detracting from
the value of the instrument as a blast producing machine.
These improvements are shown in the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a cross
section and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section showing its application to a locomotive
fitted with inside cylinders. The exhaust steam from the right-hand cylinder R
passes into the exhaust passage R', then into the central pipe r of the blastpipe,
and out through the circular nozzle c into the chimney B. On the other hand the
exhaust steam from the left-hand cylinder L, after leaving the exhaust passage L³,

page_text: passes into the annular pipe 7, formed by the outer walls of the blastpipe and the
central pipe r, and out through the annular nozzle a into the chimney B. The
outer wall of the annular nozzle a is raised above the opening of the central one c,
and contracts in diameter until at the point of discharge it is about equal in area
to that of the combined circular and annular nozzles c and a. In this figure the
right hand cylinder exhausts through the central nozzle and the left-hand through
the annular one; but these passages may be reversed, the left-hand cylinder
exhausting into the pipe r and the right-hand cylinder into the annular passage l.
The pipe p and the perforated steam. chamber p¹ are not an essential feature of the
design. It is intended to produce a draught by using high pressure steam from
the boiler when the engine is not at work.
Fig. 3 is a sketch showing how a petticoat, or bonnet, M, can be combined with
this blastpipe for the purpose of more equally distributing, throughout the smoke-
box, the low vacuum produced by the blastpipe, and thereby slightly improving
the draught
Fig. 4 is a cross section and Fig. 5 a longitudinal section showing our blast pipe
fitted to a locomotive having outside cylinders. The exhaust steam from the
right-hand cylinder R passes through the tube R¹, into the central pipe r of the
blastpipe, and out through the central nozzle c into the chimney B. The exhaust
steam from the left hand cylinder L, after passing through the tube L³, enters the
annular pipe formed by the outer walls of the blastpipe and the central pipe r,
and out through the annular nozzle a into the chimney B.
Fig. 6 shows the blastpipe made without the circular perforated chamber for
producing a draught by means of high pressure steam. If desired both cones
forming the walls of the nozzles can be made moveable, either for the purpose of
varying the blast area, or for renewal of nozzles.
By this invention the exhaust steam from one cylinder is prevented from
producing back pressure on the piston of the other cylinder. In addition to this
each jet of exhaust steam acts as an ejector and assists the escape of the steam
from the other orifice, surrounding or central as the case may be.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
The invention of blastpipes having the improved arrangement of exhaust
passages and nozzles substantially as herein before described; namely, the passing
of the exhaust steam from each separate cylinder through separate channels to two
exhaust orifices the one surrounding the other near the point where the exhaust
steam escapes into the sinoke-box, chimney, or other chamber to be exhausted,
unobstructed by the intervention of induction or eduction tubes or pipes of
curvilineal or increasing area.