IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS, STUDS, SOLITAIRES, AND SUCH LIKE FASTENINGS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JAMES MILLAR, of 23 Lyle Street, Greenock, Renfrewshire, Foreman 'Ship-
builder, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BUTTONS, STUDS, SOLITAIRES, AND SUCH LIKE FASTENINGS," to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in the construction of buttons,
studs, solitaires, and such like fastenings of dress and other articles, whereby they
can be effectually secured to the parts where required without sewing, and at the
same time allow of their being easily removed and re-attached, for cleaning the
garment or fabric without injury thereto or to the buttons or studs themselves.
The nature and novelty of the improvements consist in forming the button or
stud with a short central stem below the head, and a thin collar disc at the lower
end (preferably smaller than the head) to rest on and secure it to the front of the
cloth, by one, two, or more short pins with heads, which would be passed through
small boles pierced in the cloth for them, so that a securing washer or plate, about
the size of the collar or disc on the front, with holes and slots in it corresponding
to the pins, could be pressed over the heads of the pins on the back of the cloth
and be then turned or slid along the narrow curved or other slots under the heads
of the pins, and so secure the cloth between the collar of the button in front and
the securing washer on the back. The securing slotted washers or plates would be
made thicker in the form of a wedge along the sides of the slots to grip the cloth
tighter as they were turned to the tightening end of the slot, where it might have
a slight countersunk part to retain the heads of the securing pins and prevent the
washer coming loose without using considerable direct force to remove it. Two
small holes or other equivalent might be formed in the securing washers by which
to turn them round or along in their curved or segmental or straight slots..

page_text: Improvements in Buttons, Studs, Solitaires, and such like
Fastenings.
I JAMES MILLAR of 23 Lyle Street, Greenock, Renfrewshire Foreman Ship-
builder do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement in writing reference being had to the accompanying sheet
of Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon; that is to say :-
My said invention has reference to improvements in the construction of buttons,
studs, solitaires, and such like fastenings of dress and other articles, whereby they
can be effectually secured to the parts of the dress where required without sewing,
and at the same time allow of their being easily removed and re-attached, for
cleaning the garment or fabric without injury thereto, or to the buttons or studs
themselves.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same,
may be properly understood, I shall now proceed to describe the sheet of ex-
planatory Drawings which I have hereunto appended for that purpose, representing
one construction of my improved button, suitable also as a stud or solitaire; the
same reference letters indicating the same parts in all the Figures where shown.
Figures 1, 2, and 3 represent a front view, an edge view, and a back view, of one
modification of my improved portable or removable button stud or solitaire, as
attached or fixed to the double edge or part G of the garment to be secured by
this button or fastener. And Figures 4 and 5 are an edge and a back view
respectively of the main part A. a. of the button or stud detached, but for attach-
ment in front of the garment G; while Figures 6 and 7 are an edge and outer face
view respectively of the back securing washer or ring attached to the other side of
the button and garment; and Figure 8 is another view of a securing washer B
showing a mode of turning it on its pins and grooves; while Figure 9 shows a
key for turning it; the studs being drawn to a large size in Figures 1 to 7 while
Figures 8 and 9 are drawn to the natural size.
Referring to these Figures 1 to 7 of the Drawings, my improvements consist in
forming the front part A of the button or stud, over which the button of one
part G¹ of the dress (or other article) to be secured is passed, as indicated in dotted
lines in Figures 1 and 2, with a short central stem a¹ below the head A, secured to
a thin elliptical collar, or it might be a disc a at the lower end (preferably smaller
than the head) to rest on and secure it to the front of the second part G of the
cloth or article, by one, two, or more short pins b, with heads as shown in the
detached Figures 4 and 5 which would be passed through small holes pierced in
the cloth for them; while a back securing ring-washer or plate B, as shown in
detached views Figures 6 and 7, is formed about the size of the collar or disc a on
the front, with holes c, and segmental slots c¹ in it corresponding to the number
and position of the pins 6 for being pressed over the heads of these pins on the
back of the cloth, and be then turned or slid along the narrow curved, segmental,
or other equivalent slots c¹ under the heads of the pins b and so secure the cloth G,

page_text: between the collar a of the button or stud part A in front, and the securing
washer B on the back of the cloth G, all as seen particularly in Figures 1 to 3.
The securing slotted ring-washer or plate B would be made thicker in the form
of a wedge along the sides of the slots c¹ to grip the cloth G tighter as it is turned
to the tightening end c³ of the slot, where it might have a slight countersunk part
to retain the heads of the securing pins b, and prevent the washer B becoming
loose without using considerable direct force to remove it; and corresponding
intermediate countersunk parts, as at c¹¹ may be formed at various points along
the inclined grooves c¹ to retain the washer B and pins b, at the parts where they
secure the cloth G tight, as seen particularly and indicated by the arrow in
Figure 3.
The edges of the washers B may be knurled as shown in Figures 2 and 6 for
turning them by the fingers as described, for securely fixing them to their studs b
and gripping the cloth G firmly between the disc a and the washer B, all as
described and shown. Or otherwise two special small holes d or other equivalent
might be formed in the securing washers B by which to turn or slide them along
on the pins b, in their curved or segmental slots c c¹, (or it might be in straight
slots, although these are not preferred), as indicated at d in the back view of a
securing washer B in Figure 8. A turned key or other equivalent D may be used
for turning these washers B as shown in Figure 9. with prongs d¹ for entering the
holes d and turning the washers B by, when preferred, or these prongs d¹ may be
made to enter the holes c. c at the ends of the curved slots c¹ for either fixing or
removing the washers B as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. The construction of buttons, studs, solitaires, and such like fastenings,
of dress or other articles, for the purpose of securing them in a portable and
removable manner all substantially as herein described in reference to and shown
in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The construction and use of buttons, studs, solitaires, and such like
fastenings A with discs and studs a, b and separate gripping slotted washers B
behind, for securing them to dress and other articles, substantially as herein
described and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Dand his 11-
1000