CHAIN HARROWS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Denton, of Wolverhampton, in the County of
Stafford, Agricultural Engineer, for the Invention of
CHAIN HARROWS."
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Denton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1877.
HENRY DENTON, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Agricultural
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAIN HARROWS."
This Invention is an improvement on the chain harrow for which Letters
Patent were granted to John Summerton, and dated 17th October 1862, No. 2803.
The tines are of wrought iron or steel, and project upwards and downwards from
the tine frame, and terminate at top and bottom in a point preferably shaped some-
what like the tooth of a saw. Three tines are carried together upon one frame, and
are arranged in position to form a tripod.
The tines are formed preferably of flat iron or steel having the thin edges
shewing front and back.
T'he tine frames are formed of wrought iron, preferably flat, and having the thin
edges top and bottom.
The tine which is upon the centre line of the tripod has a hole punched therethrough
to suit the section of the iron for the tine frame, and the said iron for the tine frame
is passed therethrough as far as its middle, when it is bent back at each side of the
centre tine, so that its sides meet just at the back (or front as the case may be) of
the centre tine. The centre tine is thus held securely to the frame.
The sides of the tine frame are bent round from their position at the back (or
front) of the said centre tine to a position alongside each of the other tines forming
the tripod, when each end is bent at right angles and passed through a hole in the
corresponding tine punched therethrough to receive it. The ends of the frame are
then rivetted over, and the two last-mentioned tines are secured between the
sides of the tine frame and the riveted parts of the frame. A hole is punched
or drilled through each tine to receive the connecting links. The connecting links
are formed of round iron, and have three eyes. The iron for each link is passed
Pavice Rd1

page_text: through the hole formed therefor in the centre tine, and is then bent round to form
an eye.
The ends of the round iron are then formed into eyes, and passed one
through the hole in the right-hand tine of a tripod, and the other through the left-
hand tine of another tripod. The harrow is formed of a number of tine tripods and
links as required, and is thoroughly flexible and self-expanding.
Figure 1 is a part plan of a chain harrow constructed according to my said
Invention. The right-hand side only is shown, and the middle part is left out.
The harrow may of course be made as long and as wide as desired. Figure 2 is n
side clevation of Figure 1.
Both the Figures are to a scale of one and a half inches to a foot.
Figure 3 is a plan of my improved tripod drawn to a scale of three inches to a
foot; and Figuro 4 is a side elevation of the same.
Referring to Figures 3 and 4 A, A, A, are the tines made of wrought iron or
steel (preferably stoel); B is the time frame made of wrought iron. Each tine has
two holes formed therein, namely, one round, as shown, to receive the end of the
link, and the other rectangular (or to suit any section of tine frame) to receive the
tine frame. The round holes have the edges taken off, so as to prevent them
cutting the links. The tine frame is passed through the rectangular hole in the
front tine, and theu bent back, as shewn. The ends of the frane are then passed
through the rectangular holes in the two back tines, and the iron of the tine frame
is then bent round, as shewn, or is riveted up. The tines are thus securely fixed to
.the frame.
The tines are made preferably of flat iron or steel with the front edges somewhat
rounded, as shewn in the plan (Figure 3).
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, C, C, etc., are the tripods; D, D, etc., the links
connecting the tripods; E, E, etc., the draught chains; F, the whipple tree; G, one
of the side connecting chains; H, one of the corner connecting chains; and K, one of
the drag chains.
The links D, D, etc., are made preferably of round iron. The shape and attach-
ment of the links, as also the construction of the harrow generally, will be
¡sufficiently obvious without need for further description.
Chain harrows constructed as shewn are thoroughly flexible and self-expanding.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare I do not limit myself to the exact details
as described and shewn, as such may be varied without in any way departing from
my Invention, but what I claim as my Invention and desire to secure by Letters
Patent is,-
First. The method of constructing tine tripods by connecting wrought-iron
or steel tines to wrought-iron tine frames, substantially as herein described and
shewn.
Second. The combination of my improved tripods with the links, as shewn, to
form a flexible and self-expanding chain harrow, substantially as herein described
and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Denton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Assoc. Inst. C.E.,
Patent Office,
Wolverhampton.
HENRY DENTON. (L.S.)