Improvements in or connected with the Driving Gear of Tricyles, Bicycles, and other Similar Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 23rd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Driving Gear of Tricyles,
Bicycles, and other Similar Machines.
We, JOHN CHESHIRE, of 43 Wheeler Street, Machinist, and HENRY PAYTON,
of 4 Vyse Street, Jeweller, and CHRISTOPHER NORRIS BAKER, of 1 Saint Augustines
Road, Hagley Road, Merchant, all of Birmingham, in the county of Warwick do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
:-
This invention relates to improvements in tricycles and bicycles, more particu-
larly the former, and its object primarily is to provide a combination and arrangement
of mechanism, whereby the power given off by reason of the weight of the rider &c.,
in its motion down hill, may be stored up ready for use at will, or, that upon level
roads, power may at will or convenience, be so stored for any emergency.
It consists generally, of clutch driving gear, operated by the treadle arbor,
communicating with a worm, which said worm engages with a worm wheel, in
connection with a powerful spring, the arbor of which latter communicates by means
of chain gearing, with the rear axle of the machine, and further provided with levers
&c., for throwing the various parts into or out of gear.
As applied to a tricycle for instance, it is constructed somewhat thus:-
Upon the treadle arbor, we mount two idle bevil toothed wheels, having upon
their front face, clutch teeth to engage with similar teeth upon a clutch, which is
also mounted upon the same arbor between the two said bevil wheels. The said
clutch however being capable of a sliding motion upon a feather key, so that it may
be made to engage with one or the other of the aforesaid bevil wheels, or it may rest
disengaged between them. A suitable lever is carried from the framework of the
machine, by which this clutch can be operated at will by the rider. Gearing
into both of these said bevil wheels, is a third, which is secured upon a spindle
passing towards the rear of the machine, and carried upon suitable brackets or
bearings from the framework. Upon this spindle is provided a worn.
The end thrust of this spindle is provided against by forming collars thereon against
the side of the bearings, in which a semicircular groove is formed, corresponding to a
similar semicircular groove formed upon the side of the bearing, and in which
a number of antifriction balls are placed. Gearing into this worm, is a worm wheel,
revolving freely upon its arbor, which latter is suitably supported upon bearings
carried from the frame.
Upon this worm wheel is formed a clutch, engaging with a clutch tooth or teeth
upon the arbor, so that when driven in one direction, it shall rotate the said arbor,
but when driven in the reverse direction it shall slip and not rotate it. Upon this
arbor is further provided a strong involute spring, enclosed in a box, the one (outer)
end of which is secured to the box frame, while at its other end is a hole or other
suitable catch which engages with a clutch tooth upon the arbor.
This clutch tooth is made to slip when being rotated in one direction, but takes
hold of the spring in order to wind it up, when rotated in the opposite direction.
To this arbor a plate is also attached, having locking clutch teeth, which engage
with a manipulating lever, so that, as the worm wheel winds up the said spring, the
said lever shall retain it in that position, until its stored up power is required. Upon
this arbor is further mounted a chain gear wheel, which gears into a chain wheel
upon the rear axle of the machine. This chain wheel may also be driven by a
slipping clutch, similar to those before described, so that it may be driven by the
action of the spring in one direction, but in the reverse direction it would slip.
Again. Upon the rear axle of the machine as before intimated, we provide two
chain gear wheels, the one gearing with a chain wheel upon the treadle arbor, and

page_text: the other gearing with the chain wheel upon the spring arbor. These two wheels (on
the rear axle) are at a little distance apart, and provided also with slip clutch teeth
upon their outer sides, which take into clutches upon the said axle. One of these
clutches is formed upon a sleeve piece of some length, so that the said axle may be in
two parts, the end of the one part being firmly connected to the sleeve piece at one
end, while the other end may be adjusted as to the distance it shall pass therein, thus
adjusting the distance between the two rear wheels of the machine &c. To effect this,
a groove is formed near the one end of the sleeve around its circumference, and also a
short longitudinal slot. A key seat is made in the axle, and a key fitted thereto
having upon its upper (or rear) part, a cross groove corresponding to the width and
depth of the aforesaid groove in the sleeve. A ring roller is now provided, which
fits in the circular groove, but which has a portion of its inner part cut away, so that
when such cut away part is brought opposite the groove, the sleeve may pass on to
the axle and also on to the key, until the proper position is obtained, when by turning
-around-the-ring-collar,-the-key secures the sleeve firmly to the axle in that position,
by reason of the inner surface of the collar passing on to the groove of the key in a
wedge like manner. The said ring may be further prevented from shaking loose, by
screw dowel pins &c. if desired. Between the two chain gear wheels upon the rear
axle, a spiral spring is used to press both wheels into thoir respective clutches.
Thus the action of the machine would be somewhat as follows:-
If the clutch upon the treadle arbor is free of the two bevil wheels, the treadling
forward will drive the machine as ordinarily, but by reason of the one way clutch
teeth upon the rear axle, the treadle may when required be worked reversely.
By throwing the sliding clutch into gear with one of the bevil wheels (when treadling
forward) the worm is rotated so as to wind up the spring. The clutch teeth upon the
bevil wheel, in this case being one way or slipping teeth, so that upon reverse
treadling the clutch is thrown out.
Should the clutch however be thrown into gear with the other bevil wheel, the
teeth of which are not slipping teeth either way, the forward treadling does not effect
the treadling, but simply drives the worm wheel in the reverse direction, slipping
over its clutch tooth, the manipulating lever holding the spring in its wound up
position. When however it is desired that the reserved spring power shall be brought
into action, by treadling one or two strokes in the reverse way the-worm wheel is.
driven forward, and in so doing, the manipulating lever is thrown out clear of the
clutch plate upon the spring arbor, when the spring is now free to exert its driving
force upon the auxiliary chain wheel, which gears into the one upon the rear axle,
and so assists in propelling the machine.
The various details may be somewhat modified without departing from the general
combination and arrangement of parts constituting these our improvements.
Dated this L5th day of January 1889
CHARLES T. POWELL.
12, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Applicants' Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Driving Gear of Tricycles,
Bicycles, and other Similar Machines.
We, JOHN CHESHIRE, of 43 Wheeler Street, Machinist, and HENRY PAYTON, of
4 Vyse Street, Jeweller, and CHRISTOPHER NORRIS BAKER, of Edgbaston, Manu-
facturer, all of Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in tricycles and bicycles, more particularly
the former, and its object primarily is to provide an improved combination and
arrangement of mechanism whereby the power given off by reason of the weight of
the rider &c. in its motion down hill, may be stored up ready for use at will, or, that
upon level roads, power may at will or convenience, be so stored for any emergency.

page_text: སྐྱུ ཟ;
communicating with a worm, which said worm engages with a worm wheel, in
connection with a powerful spring, the arbor of which latter communicates by means
of chain gearing with the rear axle of the machine, and further provided with levers
&c. for throwing the various parts into or out of gear.
In order to explain as fully and clearly as possible this our invention, we have
appended hereunto illustrative sheets of drawings upon which are figures and numbers
of reference, similar numbers referring throughout the several views to the same.
thing or part, and in which :-
Fig. 1, is a side view of such parts of a tricycle which are necessary to show the
application of this our invention thereto.
Fig. 2, is a part rear view of the tricycle shewing the application of this our
invention.
Fig. 3, is a view of our invention as applied to a bicycle.
Fig. 4, is a detail of one of the throwing in and out of gear levers, hereinafter
explained.
Fig. 5, is a detached enlarged side view of the gear driving wheels, and worm and
worm spindle.
Fig. 6, is an enlarged front view in detail of the worm, worm spindle, gear wheels,
driving clutches, &c.
Fig. 7, is a sectional plan shewing the bearings to carry the treadle spindle, and the
method of their attachment to the frame of the machine.
Fig. 8, is an enlarged detached side view of the spring box &c.
Fig. 9, is a cross vertical sectional view on line A-B.
Fig. 10, is a cross sectional view of the spring &c. arbor at C, D, & E.
Fig. 11, is a sectional plan view of the worm, worm wheel, spring, spring box, &c.
Fig. 12, is a sectional view of the end thrust bearings for worm spindle.
Fig. 13, is a detail sectional view shewing the method of connecting the two
component parts of the rear axle.
Fig. 14, is a sectional view on line F-G.
Fig. 15, is a sectional view on line H-I.
As applied to a tricycle for instance it is constructed somewhat thus:-
:-
Upon the treadle arbor 1, we mount two idle bevil toothed wheels 2, 3, having
upon their front face clutch teeth to engage with similar teeth upon a clutch 4, which
is also mounted upon the same arbor between the two said bevil wheels. The
said clutch however being capable of a sliding motion upon a feather key, so that it
may be made to engage with one or the other of the aforesaid bevil wheels 2, & 3,
or it may rest disengaged between them as seen in Fig. 6. A suitable lever 5, is
carried from the framework of the machine by which this clutch 4, can be operated at
will by the rider. Gearing into both of these said bevil wheels, is a third wheel 6,
which is secured upon a spindle 7, and carried upon suitable brackets or bearings 8,
from the framework. Upon this spindle is provided a worm 9. The end thrust of
this spindle is provided against by forming collars 10, thereon, against the side of the
bearings, in which a semicircular groove is formed corresponding to a similar
semicircular groove formed upon the side of the bearing, and in which a number of
antifriction balls 11, are placed. Gearing into this worm 9, is a worm wheel 12,
revolving freely upon its arbor 13, which latter is suitably supported upon bearings 14,
carried from the frame. In the central hole of this worn-wheel is provided a recess
or clutch, engaging with a clutch tooth 15, upon the arbor 13, so that when driven in
the direction of the arrow, see Figs. 5, & 10, it shall rotate the said arbor, but
when driven in the reverse direction it shall slip and not rotate it.
Upon this arbor is further provided a strong involute spring 16, enclosed in a
box 17, the one (outer) end of which spring is secured to the box frame at 18, while
at its other end 19, is a hole or other suitable catch which engages with a clutch
tooth 20, upon the arbor 13. This clutch tooth 20, as in 15, is made to slip when
being rotated in one direction, but takes hold of the spring in order to wind it up,
when rotated in the opposite direction.

page_text: any
such
To this arbor a plate 21, is also attached having locking clutch teeth 22, which
engage with two slipping clutch teeth 23, upon a manipulating lever 24, so that, as
the worm wheel 12, winds up the spring 16, the said lever shall retain it in
wound up position, until its stored up power is required, that is when the spring is
being wound up, the lever 24, yields by reason of the teeth 22, and 23. being both
bevilled upon their rear sides, the lever 24, being kept up to its position by means of
a spring at any suitable position.
Upon this arbor is further mounted a chain gear wheel 25, which gears into a
chain wheel 20, (see Fig. 2) upon the rear axle 27, of the machine. This chain
wheel 25, is also driven by a slipping clutch 28, (see Fig. 10) similar to those before
described, so that it may be driven by the action of the spring 16, in one direction,
but in the reverso direction it would slip.
Again. Upon the rear axle 27, of the machine as before intimated, we provide
two chain gear wheels, the one 29, gearing with a chain wheel 30, which is capable of
- a sliding motion upon a feather key upon the treadle arbor 1, and the other 26,
gearing with the chain wheel 25, upon the spring arbor 13. These two wheels 26, &
29, (on the rear axle)-are-at a-little-distance-apart, and wheel_29 is provided also
with slip clutch teeth at 31, upon its outer side which takes into the clutch 32, upon
the said axle.
.
In order that the rear axle 27, may be in two parts, a clutch or coupling device is
made as follows:-see Figs. 2, 13, 14, & 15.
A slieve piece 33, is secured rigidly to the 27, part of the said axle. A groove-is
formed to receive the ring collar 34, which is passed into position ere the screw
collar 35 is placed in its position. Also a short longitudinal slot 36, is made in the
said slieve. In the 27" part of the axle a recess or key seat is made to receive the
key 37. The interior of the ring collar 34, is made slightly oval, and further
provided with slot opening 38; so that when the collar is turned so that the slot 38,
is fair with the slot 36, the axle part 27" with the-key 37, may be passed therethrough
into position, when the recess 39, in the key 37, will be opposite and fair with the
ring collar 34. The said ring-collar may now be turned round, and thus its slightly
oval part 42, will take into the key and prevent its removal, the two parts 27 & 27-
of the axle being now firmly coupled to each other.
The said ring 34, may be further prevented from shaking loose by screw dowel pins
&c. if desired.
Between the two chain gear wheels 26 & 29, upon the rear axle a-spiral
spring 40, is used to press the wheel 26, into its clutch. Also behind the chain
wheel 30, upon the treadle arbor, a spring 43 is provided, whereby the clutch upon its
front face is always pressed into its corresponding clutch upon the treadle crank
when treadling forward. Thus the action of the machine would be somewhat as
follows:-
If the clutch 4, upon the treadle arbor 1, is free of the two bevil wheels 2, & 3,
the treadling forward will drive the machine as ordinarily, but by reason of the one
way.clutch teeth upon the chain wheel 30, the treadle may when required be worked
reversely. By throwing the sliding clutch 4, into gear with the bevil wheel 3, (when
treadling forward) the worm 9, rotated so as to wind up the spring 16. The clutch
teeth upon the bevil wheel in this case being one way of slipping teeth, so that upon
reverse treadling the clutch 4, is thrown out of gear.
Should the clutch 4 however be thrown into gear with the bevil wheel 2, the teeth
of which clutch are not slipping teeth either way, the forward treadling propels the
machine as ordinarily, and in addition simply drives the worm wheel in the reverse
direction, slipping over its clutch tooth 15, the manipulating lever 24, holding the
spring 16, in its wound up position.
When however it is desired that the reversed spring power shall be brought into
action, the manipulating lever 24 is thrown out clear of the clutch plate, upon the
spring arbor, by the lever 41, when the spring 16, is now free to exert its driving
force upon the auxiliary chain wheel 25, which gears into the wheel 26, upon the rear
axle, and so assists in propelling the machine.

page_text: As however, when the spring is thus exerting its uncoiling force upon the arbor 13,
it necessarily drives backward (or unwinds) the worm wheel 12, by reason of the
tooth 15 being engaged therewith; and therefore the forward treadling, with
the clutch 4, geared into wheel 2, rotates the worm and thus permits the said unwind-
ing of the worm wheel.
The various details may be somewhat modified without departing from the general
combination and arrangement of parts constituting these our improvements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In tricycles, bicycles, and other similar machines, the combination with the
treadle arbor of the machine, of the sliding clutch 4, and the three bevil wheels 2, 3, &
6, substantially as described and illustrated, and for the purposes set forth.
2. The combination with the worm and worm wheel and coiled spring, of the one
way free rotating arbor 13, having slipping clutch teeth 15, 20, & 28, plate 21, and
lever 24, constructed and arranged, substantially as described and illustrated and for
the purposes specified.
3. The method and arrangement for compling together the two parts of the rear
axle, as described and illustrated.
4. The general combination and arrangement of the coiled spring, worm and worm-
wheel, clutches and goaring, for storing up power, and for applying it when required,
substantially as described and illustrated upon the drawings.
Dated this 14th day of October 1889.
CHARLES T. POWELL,
12, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Applicants' Agent.