matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LOCKS OR FASTENINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th June 1879. A communication.
from abroad by Gustave Tautain, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LOCKS OR FASTENINGS." A communica-
tion from abroad by Gustave Tautain, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to safety locks or fastenings for doors and similar purposes,
and consists of the improvements hereinafter described, whereby important
advantages are obtained.
:
In carrying out this Invention it is proposed to employ a main bolt or latch, the
rear portion of which is formed with a semi-circular notch in combination with a
safety pin or bolt situate at right angles thereto, and a portion of the body of
which is removed at one side in such a manner that according to the position in
which the safety bolt is placed relatively to the notch in the latch the latter may
be moved freely or will be intercepted by the safety bolt so as to prevent the latch
from being withdrawn. The latch may be operated by two knobs or handles
(arranged at the interior and exterior respectively), the said knobs or handles being
mounted on a spindle which carries an arm for acting upon a projection on the
latch, and is controlled by a coiled or volute spring. One of the knobs or handles
is made removable, being secured on the spindle by a pin passing longitudinally
through the centre of the handle, and taking into an angular notch in the spindle.
The pin is maintained in the notch by means of a helical spring, but by the act of
pulling the protruding outer end of the pin the latter is partially withdrawn and
the handle may be removed so as to admit of the detachment from the lock of the
other handle together with the spindle.
The latch is normally maintained in its protruded position by a helical spring,
and the safety pin (which when operated receives a partial rotary motion) is also
controlled by a helical spring which maintains it secure in one or other of the two
positions, a projection on the safety bolt being retained in one or other of two
apertures provided for its reception. The external portion of the bolt may carry a
projection on which any suitable device or words may be inscribed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cooke at the. Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1879.
JOHN COOKE, of Lindum Works, in the City of Lincoln, Plough Manufacturer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS."
My Invention relates to improvements in ploughs, and consists,-
First. In an improved arrangement or means whereby I am enabled in turn-
wrest ploughs to turn over the mould-boards and shares without tilting the plough
or plough beam, and for this purpose I mount on the beam of the plough a rod or
bar turning in eyes or sockets and provided with a lever handle. This rod or bar
has keyed on it the heads or arms which carry the two sets of mould-boards and
shares, &c., of which one set is right handed and the other set left handed, so that
the furrows are all turned one way. On operating the lever handle the mould-
boards and shares are brought on to the ground or lifted therefrom as desired.
In combination with this arrangement I also employ a "holding-up" wheel or
a shoe, and I place such contrivance under the beam and near the point of
divergence of the stilts, in order that when the lever handle is operated to turn
over the mould-boards and shares the plough shall be held up in an upright
position and prevented from tilting over. This contrivance is so set as to travel in
the furrow.
In ploughs constructed with these arrangements as herein described, one coulter
and one skimmer only are used, and they do not require adjustment or alteration
when ploughing with either the right handed or left handed breasts, &c., as the
beam with the coulter and other attachments always occupies one position with
regard to the line of draught.
My next improvement relates to the guide wheels, or in other words to the
"land" and "furrow" wheels, and consists in so disposing or arrangeing them that
they shall accomodate themselves so as to act alternately as land or furrow
wheels. For this purpose I mount on the beam two upright plates or supports,
and between these I introduce a pivoted bar or block which is provided with two
eyes or orifices, through each of which passes a horizontal bar terminating in a
fork. Into each of these forks I place a vertical bar which carries the wheels. As

page_text: the furrow-wheel enters the furrow cut by the share the pivoted bar or block
rocks or tilts over, and allows such wheel to acommodate itself to the depth of
furrow, while the land wheel travels along the surface of the land.
The vertical bars are adjustable so that the wheels can be set to any depth and
width of ploughing which may be required.
This arrangement of the wheels can also be applied to ploughs other than
turnwrest ploughs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROPULSION OF MARINE TORPEDOES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert George Huxley and Moses
Blok at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th January
1879.
HERBERT GEORGE HUXLEY, of No. 47, Stockwell Park Road, Brixton, in tho
County of Surrey, and MOSES BLOK, of 29, Chiswell Street, St. Luke's, Finsbury,
in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROPULSION OF MARINE
TORPEDOES."
Our Invention relates to improved means for the effectual and more simple pro-
pulsion of marine-torpedoes, and has for its object the eradication of the present
elaborate and expensive apparatus employed for the usual compressed gases, and in
mechanism for transmitting the stored motive-power.
As our source of motive-power we employ a strong caoutchouc band of suitable
dimensions, or a metallic helical spring, or a multiplicity of such bands or springs,
the elastic force of which is almost directly applied through very simple gearing to
drive its propelling shaft.
For this purpose the free end of the caoutchouc band or spring is firmly secured
to the after part of the torpedo casing or carried by suitable framing arranged for
its reception. To the opposite end of the above mentioned band or spring is
attached a cord or chain of requisite strength, which passes over a guide pulley
carried by the framing, and is finally wound upon a barrel or fusee if found necessary
to equalise the varying intensity of the motive-power.
The barrel is mounted in suitable bearings and projects through the torpedo
casing provided with water-tight packing for receiving a handle or hand-wheel for
bringing the band or spring to the requisite tension. On the other extremity of
the barrel is fixed a bevil wheel, which gears with a bevil pinion upon one end of
the propeller shaft or other equivalent gearing.
The flexible connection having been wound upon the barrel or fusee in proportion
to the force exerted and limit of elasticity of the elastic medium employed the
power thereby obtained is retained by means of a stop or pawl and ratchet arrange-
ment situated on the barrel or propeller shaft, which is withdrawn when it is
desired to project the torpedo.
Should the duration of force be insufficient for propelling great distances the
mechanism could be arranged on a remontoir system, or a succession of such bands
or springs brought into action as the previous ones have expended their power.

page_text: The fore part of the torpedo which contains or receives the explosive charge may
be constructed separately, so that it may be kept in the magazine and attached by
means of a screw when the entire torpedo is required for action.
The various other details of construction, such as the means of guiding, firing,
and submerging, may be of any suitable known construction.
AN IMPROVED SHEATH OR COATING FOR THE PRESERVA- TION OF IRON OR WOODEN SHIPS, FORTIFICATIONS, ARMOUR PLATES, ORDNANCE; ALSO FOR SUBMERGED IRON BODIES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Douglas Norton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1879.
CHARLES DOUGLAS NORTON, of 17, Arthur Road, Stoke Newington, in the
County of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED SHEATH OR COATING FOR THE PRESERVA-
TION OF IRON OR WOODEN SHIPS, FORTIFICATIONS, ARMOUR PLATES, ORDNANCE;
ALSO FOR SUBMERGED IRON BODIES."
I make flat bars of iron through the centre of which I pierce holes at equal
distances from end to end; through the aforesaid holes I insert rivets long enough
for my purpose. I then take the flat bars of iron and place them on the side of the
ship or other body at equal distances, with the rivets pointing outwards, these bars
being previously pierced with other holes for bolting them on the ship or other
body, either vertical or horizontal. Having fixed these bars I make short bars
similar to the aforesaid; these short bars are fixed at right angles, which are either
bolted to the ship, &c., or housed into the aforesaid bars.
2nd. In another way I make flat bars with a groove down the centre, the said
groove to be dovetailed at the bottom; this groove I fill with lead. These bars I
fix similar to the aforesaid. This part of my Invention now appears in square
sections, and on these bars I cover with sheets of copper, brass, or bronze, or any
suitable metal for sea purposes or otherwise; I have sheets I pierce with holes to
correspond with the rivets in the bars. I then take the sheets and place them on the
aforesaid rivets and clench them. At this point of my Invention it will be perceived
there will be a cavity between the ship's side and the aforesaid metal covering; in
this cavity I run in hot asphalte. In order to facilitate this operation I make the
surface of the object hot to make the asphalte adhere to ship's side or otherwise,
and the internal part of the metal covering. It will then be seen that. the ship will
be covered with a coating of asphalte, and outside that a coating of metal. In
some cases I do away with the bars, and in lieu I bend the metal covering at one
side to form a rabbet, and pierce down the centre of said rabbet with holes, and on
this rabbet I fix the second sheet, on plain side, screw through the two sheets into
the object of fixing. It will be seen that the cavity will be there as before described,
which cavity I fill with marine glue or any other tarry or pitchey composition.
In the last description of bars as no rivets will appear I make nails long enough
to nail on the metal covering and go through the lead and clench at the bottom of
the groove.
A NEW OR IMPROVED GAS TAP TO DETERMINE AT WILL AND RENDER CONSTANT THE MINIMUM OF FLAME DESIRED.
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Gray at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th October 1879.
JOHN WILLIAM GRAY, of Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer.
"A NEW OR IMPROVED GAS TAP TO DETERMINE AT WILL AND RENDER CONSTANT
THE MINIMUM OF FLAME DESIRED.'
"
This Invention relates to a new or improved gas tap to determine at will and
render constant the minimum of flame desired.
According to my Invention a set screw passing through a suitable bearing on
the body of the tap is so placed that a stop suitably situated on the revolving plug
will at the proper moment meet the said screw and arrest the revolution of the
plug. By adjusting the said screw this stoppage may be made to occur sooner or
later, and thus the minimum of flame desired may be determined at will and
remains as set. By turning the plug the other way the flame is of course put out.
Or the set screw may be mounted on the plug and the stop be on the body of the
tap. Or a ring with a stop on it may surround the plug so that it may be set in
any desired position by a set screw passing through onto the surface of the plug,
the said stop on the ring meeting the ordinary shoulder on the body of the tap.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING FUSED IRON OR STEEL FROM PHOSPHORUS, SULPHUR, SILICIUM, CUPRIUM, AND OTHER IMPURITIES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1879. (A communication
from abroad by Ludwig Merlet, of Vienna, Austria.)
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PURIFYING
FUSED IRON OR STEEL FROM PHOSPHORUS, SULPHUR, SILICIUM, CUPRIUM, AND OTHER
IMPURITIES." (A communication from abroad by Ludwig Merlet, of Vienna,
Austria.)
According to one mode this Invention is carried into effect by blowing into the
liquid metal alkalis, or carbonates of alkalis, or dolomite, or caustic lime, each
separately, or a mixture of these or some of these materials, or each or mixtures of
some or all of them combined with chloride of sodium, or nitrate of soda, sesquioxide
or protoxide of iron, or cinders of oxidulated iron, or combined with a mixture of
some or all of these materials with or without addition of black wad or pyrolusite
in a powdered state.
Or according to another mode the Invention is carried into effect by mixing the
liquid metal with alkalis, or carbonates of alkalis, or carbonate of lime, or caustic
lime, or dolomite, each separately, or mixtures of these or some of these materials, or
with a combination of one or more, or all of these materials with chloride of
sodium or with nitrate of soda, or with both, and in combination or not with black
wad or pyrolusite, or by mixing up the liquid metal with alkalis or carbonates of
alkalis, each separately or a mixture of them, or with a combination of one or
more or all of them with chloride of sodium or nitrate of soda, or with both, and
in combination or not with black wad or pyrolusite.
Each of these modes of operation may be carried out according to the nature of
the metal to be treated upon in an earlier or later stage of the process, and not
only in all kinds of iron and steel refining furnaces, such as cupola furnaces,
Bessemer converters, and forge hearths, but also in every description of
reverberatory furnaces with stationary or movable fireplaces, or in pans into which
the liquid metal may be poured out from one of the above named furnaces or from
a blast furnace.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING WATER CLOSETS WITH DISINFECTING MATERIAL
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Simon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th August 1879. A communication from
abroad by Friedrick Julius Albert Petri, of Berlin, in the German Empire.
HENRY SIMON, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING
WATER CLOSETS WITH DISINFECTING MATERIAL." [A communication from abroad
by Friedrick Julius Albert Petri, of Berlin, in the German Empire.]
In apparatus for supplying water closets automatically with disinfecting material
as heretofore employed, the store of such material has frequently to be renewed,
and the apparatus is more or less complicated and liable to get out of order, and
consequently requires careful supervision.
According to the present Invention these defects are obviated, the automatic
supply of disinfecting material being effected by means of apparatus of the
simplest possible construction, requiring no care in its manipulation, while the
manner in which the material is made available allows a supply sufficient for
a long period, say twelve months, to be contained in a receptacle of moderate
dimensions. For this purpose the pipe through which the water is supplied to the
closet has leading from it a small branch which enters the upper part of a vessel
filled to a certain extent with a disinfecting liquid, by preference crude carbolic
acid, that is heavier than water and does not readily mingle therewith, the level
of such liquid being below the orifice of the said branch pipe. A second small
pipe leads from a higher level in the said vessel back into the water supply pipe
at a point just before its entrance into the closet thus, assuming that the upper
part of the receptacle containing the disinfecting liquid is filled with water, this
water will by diffusion become charged or impregnated with a certain quantity
of the disinfecting liquid, sufficient for causing it to act effectually as a disinfectant.
On opening the water supply pipe each time that the water closet is used a
portion of the water will flow from it into the disinfecting vessel through the first
named branch pipe, and will force the impregnated water contained therein through
the second branch pipe back into the supply pipe, whence it will flow with the
water supply into the closet.
The water forced into the disinfecting vessel will in its turn become impregnated,
and on the water closet being again used will also be displaced by a fresh charge
of water and so on. As only a very small quantity of the disinfecting lionid will

page_text: be taken up by each charge a moderate store thereof will last for a long time, as
above stated. When the vessel requires to be replenished it is either disconnected
from the branch pipes for this purpose, or it may be provided with a separate
branch or orifice closed by a screw plug or cock through which a fresh charge can
be introduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN EDGE CUTTERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Harding Bryon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th August 1879.
FREDERICK HARDING BRYON, of Matfield Green, Brenchley, in the County of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN EDGE CUTTERS,"
Kent.
The Invention has for its object improvements in lawn edge cutters.
For this purpose I mount a roller in a forked frame provided with one or more
handles or shafts by which the cutter can be manipulated.
At one or each end of this forked frame I 6x a gathering cutter which I
sharpen on both its upper and lower edges, and in connection with each of such
gathering cutters I employ a rotary cutter fixed to the end of the roller.
Thus by running the roller on the lawn or edging the rotary cutter would be
rotated and the grass thereby cut, whilst the lower edge of the fixed cutter would
clear away any earth or other obstruction from the path of the rotary cutter.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SHUTTLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Webster at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1879.
THOMAS WEBSTER, of Morley, near Leeds, in the County of York. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHUTTLES."
My improvements consist in so constructing the shuttle peg or spindle on which
the bobbins or cops are placed for weaving purposes that it may be easily removed
from the shuttle for the purpose of putting on or taking off the cops or bobbins, also
when the spindle or peg is in its position within the shuttle the hobbin or cop is
securely held.
A socket is provided within the shuttle to receive the peg or spindle and in it a
spring catch is applied, which when the spindle is inserted drops into a recess therein
and holds it tight. The peg or spindle is relieved from the catch by the attendant
through the medium of a thumb piece, which on being pressed withdraws the spring
catch from the recess in the peg or spindle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Reuben Calvert Stephenson, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING."
Sealed the 8th June 1880, and dated the 13th December 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Reuben Calvert Stephenson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1879.
REUBEN CALVERT STEPHENSON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machinist.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to improved appliances to be employed for controlling and
regulating the letting off the warp and for taking up the cloth as woven.
In the letting off the warp according to this my Invention I employ a series of
guide and stretching carriers arranged around the periphery of a roller, by
preference covered with cloth, to which roller by ordinary mechanism a positive
letting off motion is imparted; over the guide carriers referred to is passed an
endless cloth or fabric, the inner surface of which bears on and against the periphery
of the roller, and the tension and grip of the surface of the cloth upon the periphery
of the roller is obtained by screw and clip. The warp is passed (from a beam or
roller) between the endless cloth and the periphery of the roller, and is delivered
regularly and uniformly. It will be seen that as the holding power is by adherance
of the endless cloth upon the warp and roller, the hold is the same throughout the
whole length of the warp, and there are no weights or springs used, consequently
none to adjust or move as the diameter of the ordinary beam decreases.
The same arrangement of apparatus will be used for taking up the cloth as
AHAN

page_text: And that other number of guide carrier rollers 1, 1, may be arranged and used
around the central roller 2.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried
into practical effect, I would have it understood that what I claim as my Invention,-
The construction and use of the apparatus shewn and described for purposes set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Reuben Calvert Stephenson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
REUBEN CALVERT STEPHENSON. (LS.)
Halifax & Blackburn.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SAVING LIFE AT SEA
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Agostino Rolando at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1879.
AGOSTINO ROLANDO, of No. 205, City Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Geometrician. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SAVING LIFE AT SEA."
sea.
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for saving life at
For this purpose I provide on the deck of a vessel a raft consisting of stout
timbers firmly secured. This is so arranged that in case of accident to the vessel it
will float off with the crew who may take refuge in it. On this raft I form a
cabin like structure to afford shelter, and in order to give sufficient power of floatation
and to prevent the rising of the water between the timbers of the raft I construct
at some distance over the surface of the raft a deck through which the water cannot
penetrate. The raft thus fitted is provided with all needful stores and fresh water.
Sometimes I so make the deck of the vessel that it will form a decked raft such
as I have described above, and in case of accident to the vessel will continue to
float with the crew and passengers. I provide ropes to aid persons in entering
upon the raft.
My arrangements are illustrated by the annexed Drawings, in which Figure 1 is
a plan, Figure 2 is an elevation, and Figure 3 is a transverse section of the decked
raft, here shown as a separate construction. Figure 4 is a plan, and Figure 5 is a
transverse section of the decked raft serving as the deck of a vessel and arranged to
detach itself and float off in case of need.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO WINE BOTTLES OR DECANTERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Victor Ludwig Alexander Blumberg
and William Hackwood at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
5th December 1879.
VICTOR LUDWIG ALEXANDER BLUMBERG, of 2, Cannon Street, in the City of
London, Merchant, and WILLIAM HACKWOOD, of Regent's Park, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO WINE BOTTLES OR
DECANTERS."
Our Invention relating to improvements in or applicable to wine bottles or
decanters has reference to the provision of means for ascertaining the temperature
of the wine contained therein, and consists in the application to the wine bottle or
decanter of a thermometer, which is formed or inserted either in the stopper, handle,
or any other convenient part of the bottle or decanter, in such a manner that
the temperature of the wine contained in the latter may at all times be
ascertained.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PAPER-MAKING APPARATUS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th February 1879.
DAVID SMITH, of Horton Kirby, in the County of Kent, Engineer. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PAPER-MAKING APPARATUS."
This Invention has for its object to treat paper pulp or stuff on its way from the
strainer or knotter to the wire of the paper machine, so as to remove or break up
knots, lumps, or hanks which are apt to form in it at that stage, and which not
only render the paper imperfect, but also injure the "wire" and the "felts." The
Invention consists in combining with the usual apparatus, and in place of what is
known as the hog vat, a piece of apparatus through which the stuff is passed
immediately before being delivered upon the wire. This apparatus is a vat or
vessel having in it a beater or roller placed horizontally, and beneath the beater
there is a set of plates set on edge, and having their edges plain or toothed. The
beater is a roller having on its circumference a number of narrow longitudinal
plates or thin bars set edgeways or radially, and with their outer edges plain or
toothed, and as the beater rotates with the edges of its bars almost in contact with
the edges of the plates fixed below, they brush out or break up the knots, lumps, or
hanks, as the stuff passes through, and it is thereby rendered quite clear. The
beater is completely submerged in the stuff, and its end journals pass through
stuffing boxes in the ends of the part of the vat where it is placed. The stuff enters
the vat at the bottom and close to the fixed plates, and being carried over these
plates and upwards by the rotation of the beater is delivered from the upper part
of the vat. This last clearing beater, as the apparatus may be termed, may be
placed at the end of the paper machine with the beater roller parallel to the breast
roller; but in this case the beater and the lower part of the vat in which it is
placed need not be as long as the width of the paper machine, as the parts of the
vat above the beater may be sloped or expanded outwards to the full width
required. The last clearing beater may however be placed at the side of the paper
machine, or in any convenient position, but in this case the top of the vat is by
preference closed, and the stuff after passing the beater is led by a pipe to the
delivering vat at the end of the paper machine.
IMPROVED LIQUID OR MATERIAL FOR THE PREVENTION OR REMOVAL OF INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Gustav Class at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1879. A communication from
abroad by Frederick Eastcourt Bucknall, of Adelaide, South Australia.
CARL GUSTAV CLASS, of No. 31, Crutched Friars, in the City of London.
IMPROVED LIQUID OR MATERIAL FOR THE PREVENTION OR REMOVAL OF INCRUSTATION
IN STEAM BOILERS." [A communication from abroad by Frederick Eastcourt
Bucknall, of Adelaide, South Australia.]
" An
This Invention has for its object an improved liquid or material for the prevention
or removal of incrustation in steam boilers.
The liquid or material to be used for the purpose of non-crustation or
disencrustation of steam boilers is obtained from materials which yield a large
quantity, say, 40 per cent. of tannin or tannic acid. The liquid is obtained by
pouring boiling water on the bark of the Australian wattle tree and allowing it to
stand for an hour or two, or longer. The liquid is then drawn off clear in to casks.
When the liquid or material is to be used it can be introduced into the boiler by
injection.
The water in the gauge will almost immediately afterwards have a brownish
tint, and when it resumes its original color it shows that the liquid has done its
work; it must then from time to time be renewed.
I thus make use of tannin for the effectual clearing boilers of crust, and the
stoppage of incrustation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT FOR THE PRESERVATION OF FISHING NET AND OTHER FABRIC FORMED OF COTTON, FLAX, OR HEMP
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Balls at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1879.
THOMAS BALLS, of the Admiralty Wharf, Lowestoft, in the County of Suffolk,
Merchant. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT FOR THE PRESERVATION OF
FISHING NET AND OTHER FABRIC FORMED OF COTTON, FLAX, OR HEMP."
Various methods are practised to aid the preservation of fishing nets, but all of
them are more or less unsatisfactory.
According to my improvements I first wash the fabric, say a fishing net, in
boiling water for the purpose of removing any size, grease, or other matter that
may have been imparted during the spinning or the weaving of the material.
I then immerse the fabric in a hot solution of soap and water, say, twenty parts
yellow soap to eighty parts of water.
The fabric is next immersed in a hot solution of either of the following as may
he desired wi
Acetate of lead,
thus forming an oleate or margarite of copper, iron, or lead, as the case may be,
which renders the texture of the fabric waterproof and also much more durable
than when dressed by linseed oil or other means.
The duration of the respective immersions may be, say, from about 10 to 20
minutes, or until complete saturation of the fabric has been effected.
The effect of the saponaceous solution is the better to enable the metallic
solution to become fixed by deposit of the metallic particles to the fibre of the
fabric.
The article then requires to be well washed in cold water to facilitate the
removal of loose particles, which, if allowed to remain, would come out as dust
when the fabric is dry.
The articles are then dried by exposure to the atmosphere or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN KEYS FOR LOCKS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Allison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th December 1879. A communi-
cation from abroad by Louis Siccardy, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the Firm of Allison Brothers, Patent Agents, 41,
Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
KEYS FOR LOCKS." A communication from abroad by Louis Siccardy, of Paris, in
the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to a key, the bit of which is articulated, and capable of
retraction and extension so as to be withdrawn nearly entirely into the interior of
the barrel of the key or forced outwards therefrom at will by the action of a
sliding rod working in the barrel similarly to a piston in a cylinder.
The key consists essentially of a barrel slotted at its lower end in the direction
of its axis and fitted with a ring at its top end, fixed thereto in any suitable
manner; a rod or piston slides in the barrel and its top end is fitted with a head.
The extensible bit consists of three parts, viz., a connecting link jointed by a pin
joint to the lower end of the rod or piston; a lever pivotting round a pin and
having the same form and dimensions as the connecting link; and finally the bit
piece joining the connecting link and lever together. The other ends of the link
and lever are pivotted to the bit-piece separately, and the bit-piece is in length
equal to the width of the link and lever together. When the rod or piston is
pushed down the barrel to its extreme limit, the outer ends of the link and lever
are forced outwards, and these two parts lie parallel and close to each other and
form one solid piece with the bit-piece.
The exterior form of the bit-piece can be varied as required so as to suit the
arrangement of the tumblers or other parts of the lock to which it is applied.
The sliding rod or piston may be worked up and down either directly by hand
by means of the head on the end of the rod or piston, as herein before described, or
by means of a nut forming the top of the barrel, the top end of the sliding rod or
piston being screw-threaded to work through the nut, or by any other suitable
means.
Although the extensible bit is herein described as composed of three parts, it will

page_text: be readily understood that the same might be made up of a greater number of parts
similarly arranged.
The advantages of the key herein described are, 1st, it prevents the picking of
locks to which it is applied, as the key-hole does not indicate either the form or
dimensions of the bit of the key; 2nd, it is more convenient to carry, its volume
being diminished by the entrance into the barrel of almost the entire projecting part
of the bit.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING FANCY FABRICS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John William Hall, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING FANCY FABRICS."
Sealed the 24th February 1880, and dated the 12th November 1879.
PROVISIONAI, SPECIFICATION left by the said John William Hall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1879.
JOHN WILLIAM HALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
MENTS IN WEAVING FANCY FABRICS."
"IMPROVE⭑
The fancy fabric or cloth which forms the subject of my Invention consists of
stripes of cotton velvet, cord, or piled fabric alternating with stripes of open tissue,
such open tissue producing a gauze or lace effect between each stripe of velvet or
cord, the said stripes of either velvet, cord, or open tissue being capable of extension
or contraction to any width or widths, and also of being varied by the insertion of
a fancy stripe (not piled) into any or each one of the above mentioned open tissue
stripes, such fancy stripe to be made of either cotton, wool, silk, flax, jute, or china
grass, or of a mixture of any two or more of these substances, and to be woven in
any ordinary or known manner. The peculiarity of my improved fancy fabric is
that whereas in all similar cotton or silk fancy velvets or cord hitherto made, the
pile of the velvet or cord stripe has been formed by and from the warp threads; it is
by my Invention intended to make such pile out of the weft thread only, and by a
peculiar arrangement of the warp threads in the healds or shafts to carry or float the
Burplus pile weft at the back or face of the stripes of open and fancy tissues, so that upon
the pile of the velvet or cord portion being cut longitudinally (instead of transversely
as usual when the pile is formed from the warp), this surplus pile weft is cut free,
and can be peeled or taken off the back or face of the cloth, leaving the open tissue
stripes composed of the back or ground weft threads only.
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Margaret Lumb at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1879.
MARGARET LUMB, of Penrith, in the County of Cumberland.
BOTTLES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention relates to certain improvements in bottles, and is especially
applicable to bottles for containing aërated, effervescing, or other liquids or other
liquids of a gaseous nature. The Invention has for its objects to allow of ordinary
corks being used to stopper the same, without any need for the use of wire or
other means of fastening or securing the same, and thus to economise the cost by
dispensing with these usual means, and to dispense with the use of corkscrews in
withdrawing the cork, and to prevent the gaseous pressure within the bottle
from having any tendency to drive the cork or stopper out, whilst providing a
simple and effective means of safely enclosing such contents within bottles, and
whilst admitting of the bottle being filled and emptied with ease.
To attain these desirable objects, I do not form the bottle with a long neck, as
such bottles are most generally made, but I gradually draw or close the bottle up
towards the mouth, and I do not form it with a direct through way or mouth as
usually made, but at a suitable distance down for nearly the length of a cork, I
make it with a false neck or of such a form as will receive the cork and retain it
firmly in position; and across the bottom of this part or false neck, that is, just
below the bottom of the cork, I close it right across in or during the manufacture
of the bottle, and the under part of this closing piece I make of an egg-shaped,
rounded, or conical form, and at one side thereof I form (in its substance) an
opening or through recess of a gradually diminishing size, until it ends in an
aperture or hole, which opens into the closed off part or false neck above the said
closing piece or bottom, opening thereinto at one side but not at the bottom.
In closing the bottle, I simply insert a cork for the greater part of its length into
the said false neck, the latter being of such a length as that the bottom of the cork
shall rest upon the said closing piece, and that the upper end thereof shall project
sufficiently above the top or mouth of the bottle to allow of its being taken hold of
Desing 971

page_text: by the fingers and easily withdrawn, so as to dispense with the use of a corkscrew
or other means of withdrawing the cork, as above referred to.
By this simple construction of bottle I am enabled to safely enclose the most
gaseous liquids with a simple cork, without fear of the latter being driven out by
the pressure from within, as no pressure can get to its bottom, and thus to effect 5
what has long been considered a desideratum with very simple means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING THE FURS EMPLOYED IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF HATS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Eaton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1879.
JOHN EATON, of Stockport, in the County of Chester.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING THE FURS EMPLOYED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF HATS."
This Invention is designed to enable the coarser or inferior qualities or portions
of the furs of rabbits, hares, beavers, and other animals to be used for the manu-
facture of hats.
This has hitherto been impracticable in consequence of the coarseness of the fibres
and the great amount of grease and oil contained therein.
My improvements consist in so trenting these furs as to render them perfectly
free from oil and grease, and cause the fibres to be quite soft and pliable.
For this purpose I first take a bag of the fur (say, about five pounds in weight),
and place the same in a chamber or cylinder provided with a revolving shaft, on
which is mounted a series of knives or beaters, which thoroughly opens and loosens
the fibres. They are then taken out of this cylinder, and sprinkled with a solution
of any of the acids well known for treating the finer qualities of furs, such as
nitric acid, in which mercury is dissolved, oxalic acid, spirits of salts, or other suitable
solution of acids until they are thoroughly saturated.
The furs are then placed in an air tight chamber or cylinder, heated to a high
temperature by steam, hot air, or water. This cylinder is provided with a revolving
shaft, on which is mounted a series of agitators or beaters. The furs are then
agitated and beaten in this heated cylinder for a given time (say, from five to ten
minutes) until the fibres are thoroughly impregnated with the acid solution, which
has the effect of freeing it from all oil or grease, and renders the fibres soft and
pliable.
The furs are then taken out of the cylinder, and are ready to be manufactured
into hata.
IMPROVED HOPPERED AND SQUARE WAGON COMBINED).
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Baxendale and Joseph Heald
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1879.
RICHARD BAXENDALE and JOSEPH HEALD, of Chorley, in the County of Lan-
caster, Wagon Builders. "IMPROVED HOPPERED AND SQUARE WAGON COMBINED).".
Our Invention consists of so constructing a railway wagon that it shall combine
the double purpose of a hopper and square, and for all ordinary purposes, may
be used as square wagon, but when required it may in a few moments be altered
and made into an hoppered wagon, and vice versa, which we effect in the
following manner :-
The framing of the wagon is made as usual, the bottom or floor is divided into
three sections, the centre section of which is again divided equaly and made into
two bottom doors and hinged in the usual way.
The two end sections are hinged to the middle bearers in a contrary direction
to those of the middle section, thereby allowing them to be lifted to any angle
required, which angle is attained by means of a winch bar across the top of
the wagon in or near centre. To this winch bar we secure one end of two chains;
to the other end we fix on each a hook or other equivalent for raising and lowering
the two outer sections of floor to the required angle, forming the hopper; at the
outer end of such sections inside we hinge other flaps to make up the section
equivilating with the angle wanted; at the back and underneath the two outer
sections we hinge a sufficient number of props, which rise and fall with the hopper
sides, but when raised high enough the lower ends of props being shouldered drop
on or into seats (of their own gravity) provided therefor.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPLIANCE FOR USING PASTE BLACKING FOR LEATHER ARTICLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Riviere at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1879.
HENRY RIVIERE, of, 32, Great Western Road, Paddington, in the County
of Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPLIANCE FOR USING PASTE
BLACKING FOR LEATHER ARTICLES."
This Invention consists in improved arrangements for applying ordinary paste
blacking direct to the leather in the form of a stick or cake, which is wetted by
dipping in water and rubbed on instead of being applied in the ordinary way.
Thereby avoiding trouble, waste, and dirt, and retaining it in good condition.
It is effected by incasing ordinary paste blacking, either in its usual state or
compressed with a material wholly or partially waterproof, of a thickness and
toughness that will curl up and recede by the action of rubbing on with water,
but not so tough as to prevent its becoming partially disintegrated afterwards.
Paper impregnated with either spirit-varnish, or shellac, and ammonia dried, rolled
round in layers, and cemented at the edge will answer the purpose. Other mate-
rials possessing similar qualities may nevertheless be used either singly or in layers.
The back end has a wad incased with it, is somewhat larger than the other part
and serves to hold it by, till all the blacking is consumed. A further part of the
Invention is a holder of metal or other durable material, inside which the blacking
above mentioned is placed and passed forward as required, being held firmly during
use by a suitable clip which embraces it, and is secured by a catch, the clip holding
by the wad above mentioned as well as the other part.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1879.
A com-
munication from E. Methlow and Company, of Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. v.
Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LATHES." A communication from E. Methlow and Company,
of Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.
The Invention relates to a contrivance for producing or dressing elliptic or other
non-circular surfaces on the lathe, and may be adapted to already existing lathes.
It consists in driving the face-plate of a lathe by means of a toothed disc or ring
mounted on the same axle as the face plate and driven by a stationary pinion, the
pitchline of said disc corresponding in shape to the article to be cut on the lathe.
The face plate is supported and guided in such a manner that it can follow any
motion of the toothed disc parallel to the face plate, the toothed disc being made to
gear always into the stationary pinion by abutting against a guide rule or by other
suitable means.
The toothed segment or ring may be detached from the disc and
exchanged against others of different shape, corresponding to the shape of the object
to be turned by the lathe. The face plate is supported by a cross slide or stedge
attached to a circular disc turning in a fixed circular bearing like an enlarged
journal, and perforated so as to allow sufficient room for the lateral and vertical
inotion of the axle of the face plate required by the shape of the toothed disc. The
circumference of the circular disc or enlarged pin and the face of the guide-rule
may be provided with friction rollers if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ADJUSTABLE TROUSER BRACES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edgar Edmonds at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd June 1879. A communication from
abroad by Achille Edmond Emmanuel Compadre, of Paris, France.
EDGAR EDMONDS, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and Company, of 166, Fleet
Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ADJUSTABLE
TROUSER BRACES." (A communication from abroad by Achille Edmond Emmanuel
Compadre, of Paris, France.)
The various kinds of braces at present in use for suspending trousers are very
often inconvenient and troublesome; they fall off the shoulders, and do not lend or
adapt themselves to the movements of the body.
The present improvements in braces remedy these defects. The attachment of
the front and back branches or straps of the brace is made as high as possible, in
such a manner that the brace is not supported near the wearer's neck, nor can it
slide on the shoulders, but it well embraces the wearer's body.
The four branches or straps of this brace are united together by a junction piece,
which allows them free motion, so that the brace may lend itself to any movement
of the body and cause no inconvenience.
In the improved movable jointed brace each of the front branches or straps is
joined by a ring to one of the back straps or branches, these two rings being
connected to each other by a leather or metal band.
The straps or branches are formed in the usual manner of elastic material or
webbing, each of their ends nearest the movable joint being provided with a leather
flap folded and passed through a ring, the joint of the elastic webbing and the
leather flap being made by means of eyelets. A hole is formed in the elastic
material and the leather, and the eyelet is rivetted all in one operation.
The rings and the connecting band which together form the movable joint may
be formed in one single piece of metal of suitable shape.
According to another arrangement each of the front and back branches or straps
is terminated by a special ring, the four rings being connected together by a single
piece of leather or other material, and fixed or secured by flaps on the said leather
piece and rivetted by eyelets. This leather piece may be large or small in size.

page_text: The rings have free and unlimited movement, and the eyelets may if necessary
be replaced by sewing.
This adjustable brace, which is fitted as high as possible at the neck, adapts itself
to any degree of corpulence, and allows free movement of the body.
The straps or branches may be wholly or partially of elastic material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION. OF NITRO- GLYCERINE OR GLONOINE FOR MEDICINAL PURPOSES AND RENDERING IT SAFELY PORTABLE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Martindale at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th June 1879.
WILLIAM MARTINDALE, of 10, New Cavendish Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Pharmaceutical Chemist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION. OF NITRO-
GLYCERINE OR GLONOINE FOR MEDICINAL PURPOSES AND RENDERING IT SAFELY
PORTABLE."
My Invention has for object to produce stable, safe, convenient, portable, and
palatable preparations of nitro-glycerine or glonoine for medicinal or other use, for
which purpose I mix nitro-glycerine or glonoine with oil or melted fat, and well agitate
the mixture so as to perfectly dissolve the nitro-glycerine or glonoine, and I com-
bine such mixture with sugar, chocolate, or other vehicle, thus forming compounds
which may be made up into pills, lozenges, tablets, or other solid or liquid pre-
parations suitable for administration or application without the use of alcohol as
heretofore usual.