IMPROVEMENTS IN PEN RULING MACHINES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PEN RULING MACHINES."
A communication from abroad by William Orville Hickok, of Harrisburg,
State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd November 1877.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PEN RULING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by William Orville
Hickok, of Harrisburg, State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
The nature of my Invention consists in certain improvements upon pen ruling
machines, as will be herein-after more fully set forth and pointed out by the claims.
In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my Invention appertains to
make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation,
referring to the annexed Drawings, in which,-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pen ruling machine embodying my present
improvements.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of a part thereof showing the gearing.
Figure 3 is a side elevation. of the same from the opposite side.
Figure 4 is a plan view, and Figure 5 a transverse section of the pen clamp.
Figure 6 is a side view of one of the cams for operating the gate.
Figure 7 is a detailed perspective view of the device for operating the pen clamp.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of the pen cylinder.
A represents the frame of the ruling machine; B, B, are the rollers over which the
endless apron C passes; D is the pen cylinder; E the feed roller; and G the pen
beam, in which latter the pen clamp H is held.
The pen beam G is provided with journals a, a, which have their bearings in
standards I, I, secured on the frame. In a full sized machine I propose to have the
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page_text: journals a placed in boxes in the standards, and the said boxes adjustable therein by
means of set screws, so as to adjust the pen beam up and down as may be desired.
Under one end of the pen beam G is hinged the striker or striking bar J, adjusted
by means of set screws b, b, and operated by means of cams on one of the heads
attached to the pen cylinder shaft near or at the ends of said cylinder.
K, represents a sleeve with interior screw threads, and provided on the side with
a projecting shaft d, which is passed through the striker J, and held by a nut e
on the end of said shaft, by which means the sleeve K may be adjusted and
held at any angle required to bring the end of the adjusting screw L flat down
on the rest. This adjusting screw L is screwed down through the sleeve K,
and held at any point therein by a jam nut L' on the same. M is the rest on which
the end of the screw L strikes, said rest being adjustably secured to the frame A,
and provided with a pad ƒ for the screw L to strike on, to prevent noise jarring, or
any injury to the pens.
The pen cylinder 1 is placed loosely on its shaft h, and rotated by the friction of
the endless apron C.
At the ends of this cylinder are heads D1, D2, secured on the
shaft. The head D is provided with adjustable and removable cams i, i, for
operating the striker J, and the head D2 is provided with adjustable cams / for
operating the gate of the ruling machine.
Each cam is provided with a T shaped slot n to be passed over and adjusted on
set screw m, whereby said cam may be quickly secured to the head, and also
easily regulated or adjusted to any desired and required position to regulate the trip
of.the gate.
The power to run the machine is applied to one end of the feed roller E, and on the
other end thereof is a cog wheel N which meshes with a similar cog wheel N¹ on
the journal of the apron roller B, and this, through an intermediate idle cog wheel N2,
communicates motion to a cog wheel N³ secured on the end of the shaft h whereby
the heads D1, D2, are rotated.
The idle cog wheel N is mounted on a stud which is adjustable in a slotted arm
O depending from the frame, so that the wheel N³ on the end of the shaft h may be
exchanged for another of larger or smaller diameter, and the wheel N2 adjusted to
form the connection.
The cylinder runs at the speed imparted to it by the apron which carries the
paper, but the heads or rather the speed of the heads is regulated to suit the size of
the paper and the character of the ruling, by the substitution of gearing wheels
upon the shaft h. By this substitution the heads may be made to run at the same
speed as the cylinder, or they may be made to run faster or slower than said cylinder,
and I am thus enabled to employ a single cylinder for all kinds of ruling. The work
of replacing or substituting a gear wheel to suit the work to be done is only that
of a moment, and the expense of furnishing a series of graduated gear wheels is
very little.
The pen clamp H is constructed in the usual form of two pieces connected
together by bolts and thumb nuts for bringing the two pieces or jaws together.
Through each jaw are passed metal pins or rivets p, which run in line of the pens in
close proximity to the clamps which operate the jaws, one pin being inserted on each
side of the screw.
Rivets or pins t are also passed into the tongue P on the pen clamp which enters
the groove in the beam. These pins serve to greatly strengthen the pen clamp while
they add very little to its weight.
The insides of the jaws of the pen clamp are lined with thin strips of rubber 8,
either secured directly to the wood or to thin metal strips. I may use rubber upon
only one of the jaws, and either a thin narrow strip or broad thin strip R of metal
upon the other, or partly both.
By the use of the rubber the pens are clamped firmly, and are partially imbedded
in the rubber, thus closing in a measure the spaces between the pens, and thereby
preventing the ink from running, and also forins a regulator with regard to the

page_text: thickness of the pens.
strengthening the same.
The pen beam G is also provided with brass pins for
In place of the revolving pen cylinder D a stationary board may be used, having
an upper convex surface over which the endless apron will pass.
By loosening the stud on which the wheel N2 is mounted in the arm O, said wheel
drops down and disengages from the wheel N¹.
In combination with the pen cylinder, pen bar, and stop gate of this class of
machines, I may use a detached hub with adjustable cams arranged upon an axle
from the frame, coincident with the axis of the pen cylinder, and in which the shaft
of the pen cylinder finds a bearing, and so that the hub can be thrown in clutch with
the pen cylinder to operate the pen bar and stop gate relatively thereto, or released
when it is desired to do continuous ruling, and can have its cams quickly and
accurately adjusted to various sized drums that may be used in the ruling machine.
In some cases I may also use an independent pen-lifting bar actuated by an
adjustable extensible cam in connection with the pen beam actuated by a similar
cam.
For lifting the pens I may use a sleeved pinion provided with a cam segment, and
also with fan-like leaves to form an adjustable or expanding cam, and against
these operate a series of levers for raising and dropping the pens and striker, and
while the blank is prevented from moving along to the pens with the cloth until the
preceding blank has passed, depressing a roller upon the blank to insure perfect
register.
Having thus fully described my Invention, what I claim as new, and desire to
secure by Letters Patent, is,―
1st. In a ruling machine the pen cylinder moving loosely upon its shaft by the
friction of the apron, and the heads secured on the cylinder shaft, and operated by
a system of variable gearing, substantially for the purposes herein set forth.
2nd. In combination with the striker J the screw sleeve K, provided with the
shaft d, passing through the striker and held by a nut e at any angle desired, and the
adjusting screw L passed through the sleeve, whereby the screw may be adjusted at
any angle desired, for the purposes hercin set forth.
3rd. The adjustable rest M provided with the pad f, for the purposes set forth.
4th. The cam provided with the T shaped slot n, and adjusted and held to the
head D by set screw m, as and for the purposes herein set forth.
5th. The pins or rivets p passed through the jaws of the pen bar, as and for the
purposes herein set forth.
6th. The rivets or pins & passed through the tongue of the pen bar, as and for
the purposes herein set forth.
7th. In a pen bar for ruling machines, rubber strips 8, forming a lining for one or
both of the jaws, for the purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
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