Improvements relating to the Shedding and Letting-off Motions of Looms.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 1st Jan., 1892-Accepted, 26th Mar., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Shedding and Letting-off Motions
of Looms.
We,
BENJAMIN ORMEROD, Mill Manager, of 15 Wellington Street, Blackburn,
in the County of Lancaster, WILLIAM CROOK, Cashier, of 108 London Road,
Blackburn, and JOSEPH GALLOWAY, Mechanic, of Elswick Terrace, Mellor,
near Blackburn aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention relates first to looms fitted with a dobby the object of our
invention being to weave fancy goods with cross borders the borders being started
at the required distances apart by means of an automatic measuring motion which
will measure to any distance, i.e. any given number of picks. The second part of
our invention relates to an improved letting off motion for the warp beams applicable
for ordinary looms.
Our improved measuring motion is preferably actuated from the reciprocating
motion of the lattice barrels preferably at every eighth movement in the following
manner A. spring or other pawl moving with the lattice barrels is pushed into
gear with a ratchet wheel mounted upon a shaft by means of a stud or studs
secured to a toothed wheel on a lattice barrel shaft. On the other end of the
ratchet wheel shaft is secured a pinion for driving the change wheels which com-
pose the measuring motion.
The measuring wheel is of special construction with one two or more fingers
mounted independently and adjustably on its boss; or the fingers may be carried
upon a chain.
When weaving a single cross border two fingers are sufficient but
when weaving handkerchiefs four fingers would be required, the first finger
changes the lattice motion from the body of the handkerchief to the cross border,
the second finger makes the change from the cross border to weave the plain portion
between the borders, the third finger changes from the plain to the next border,
and the fourth finger from the border back again for the body of the handkerchief.
By adjusting the fingers on the measuring wheel or chain, any number of picks
may be put into the borders, the space between the adjoining borders, and into the
body of the handkerchief.
The fingers control the changes of the lattice by acting upon a pivoted lever or
equivalent and its connections which lifts the catch from the usual ratchet wheel
on the lattice barrel during' one pick only and thereby changes the pattern by
bringing the other lattice into action after which the catch drops into gear with
the ratchet wheel.
In applying our improved motion for weaving borders with coloured or other
special weft the loom is stopped automatically and to effect this we employ a
tappet mounted on an oscillating shaft; this tappet holds one of the jack wires
back, until a finger on the measuring motion actuates the oscillating shaft so as to
withdraw the tappet from the jack wire which is then caught by a grife and lifts
the sector lever thus stopping the loom; the operative now relieves the weft fork
and puts in the coloured or other thread for the border and as soon as the
measuring motion has pushed the jack wire back the sector lever drops and the
loom is in working condition.
For a plain measuring motion a single finger only is required on the
measuring wheel or chain to actuate the jack wire to lift the sector lever and
stop the loomi.
By the use of our measuring motion we are enabled to weave two distinct patterns

page_text: alternately and continuously of any desired length, in this case the stop motion
would be thrown out of gear.
The second part of our invention relates to a new let off motion for warp beams,
our object being to make the weight on the beam automatically regulate the tension
on the yarn to effect this object we propose to support each ruffle beam or pivot
of the warp beam on a brake block secured to a pivoted lever which carries a
second brake block a stationary brake block is secured to the loom frame on the
opposite side to the second brake block or a pivoted brake block may be used
opposite the second one.
The action is as follows:-
:-
The ruffles beams or pivots resting on the pivoted brake block exert a certain
amount of pressure between the second brake block and the ruffle which pressure
is again exerted upon both of the side blocks so that the weight of the beam
bearing against the brake blocks controls the tension of the yarn and as the yarn
is unwound the beam is thereby decreased in weight a corresponding reduction in
friction between the ruffles and the brake blocks arises.
1
1001
H. B. BARLOW,
Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Shedding and Letting-off Motions
of Looms.
We, BENJAMIN ORMEROD, Mill Manager, of 15 Wellington Street, Blackburn,
in the County of Lancaster, WILLIAM CROOK, Cashier, of 108 London Road,
Blackburn, and JOSEPH GALLOWAY, Mechanic, of Elswick Terrace, Mellor near
Blackburn aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates first to looms fitted with a dobby the object of our inven-
tion being to weave fancy goods with cross borders the borders being started at the
required distances apart by means of an automatic measuring motion which will
measure to any distance, i.e. any given number of picks.
And in order that our invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect we will describe the accompanying two sheets of drawings reference
being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the dobby on a loom to which our improved measuring
motion is applied.
Fig. 2 is a back view of the same and Figs. 3 and 4 are detached views of parts
of the foregoing and
Fig. 5 is a view of a measuring wheel specially constructed with a lifting finger
or fingers.
Fig. 6 represents our improved measuring motion as applied to a loom with a
dobby having only one lattice barrel.
Referring first to Figs. 1 to 4,-2 is part of the loom frame, 3 the dobby;
4, 5, the two lattice barrels, each lattice 6, 7, having the same two patterns, the pegs
for which are pegged on alternate lattice bars; the rocking shaft 8 is actuated by
the lever 9 and transmits its reciprocating motion by the link 10 to the barrels +, 5,
the bosses of which are connected by the strap 11 on the rocking shaft 8 is fixed
an arm 12, which, at every second pick, actuates a lever 13, pivoted at 14, and
carrying a pawl 15, which drives a ratchet wheel 16 mounted on a shaft 17, on the
other end of which is secured a spur wheel 18; this wheel 18 drives, by means of
a carrier 19, the measuring wheel 20, which has on its boss a chain wheel 21 to
drive a short chain 22 to which are secured fingers or lifters 23 placed at any
required distance apart. Near the measuring wheel 20 is pivoted at 24 a weighted

page_text: tumbler lever 25, and near this is a vertical rod 26 which is normally latched
below a catch 27; but, when released, is raised by a spring 28 into the
position shown in Fig. 2. On the axis of each barrel 4, 5, is a ratchet wheel 29;
and above them, at 30, are pivoted two pawls 31, which convert the reciprocating
motion imparted by the rocking shaft 8 and link 10 into the rotary motion of the
lattice barrels 4, 5.
Pivoted at 32 is an elbow lever 33 jointed at 34 to the vertical rod 26; and
on the strap 11, which connects the barrels 4, 5, is a stud 35 by which the
elbow lever is actuated to draw down the vertical rod 26 and latch it under the
catch bar 27.
In operation at say every second pick (or other even number) the ratchet
wheel 16 is by means of the pawl 15 turned one tooth; and this motion is, by the
gears 18 and 19, conveyed to the measuring wheels 20 and chain 22 as soon as
the first finger or lifter 23 engages the hooked end of the tumbler 25 the latter is
moved on its pivot 24, thereby as it falls back unlatching the vertical rod 26 and
allowing the spring 28 to raise the latter and lift the pawl 31 out of gear with the
ratchet wheel 29 on the barrel 4, as shown in Fig. 2.
The lattice barrels 4, 5, are geared together and under normal conditions at each
complete backward and forward movement of the strap 11 are turned a space of
two lags by the catches 31 and ratchet wheels 29. Consequently when one of the
catches 31 is raised out of gear with its ratchet wheel 29 as above described the
barrels 4, 5, are by the action of the other catch 31 turned only a distance equal to
one lag thereby bringing into operation the alternate lags on the lattices 6, 7, and
so changing the pattern.
When weaving handkerchiefs with a double cross border four fingers or lifters 23
are required; the first lifter would change the lattice motion from the body of the
handkerchief to the cross border then the stud 35 at the next pick, striking
against the elbow lever 33 would re-set the vertical rod 26 and pawl 31; and the
loom would continue to weave the cross border, until the second finger or lifter 23,
in a similar manner, makes the change from the cross border to weave the plain
portion between the borders; the third finger 23 changes from the plain to the
next border; and the fourth finger or lifter from the border back again for the
body of the handkerchief.
In Fig. 5 we show a specially constructed measuring wheel 20 with
any required
number of lifting fingers 23 mounted independently and adjustably on its boss as
an alternative arrangement to the chain 22. As a further alternative a pair of
disengaging measuring wheels might be employed.
When weaving a single cross border two fingers 23 are sufficient. By adjusting
the lifting fingers 23 either on the measuring wheel 20 or chain 22 or equivalent
any number of picks may be put into the borders, the space between the adjoining
borders, and into the body of the handkerchief.
By the use of our measuring motion we are enabled to weave two distinct
patterns alternately and continuously of any desired length.
In applying our improved motion as above described for weaving borders with
coloured or other special weft, in a single shuttle loom, the loom is stopped auto-
matically to permit the insertion of the shuttle with the special weft.
To effect this automatic stoppage of the loom, we employ a tappet 36 which is
jointed to the rod 26 and spring 28, this tappet 36 is mounted on a shaft 37, and
when the stop motion is required the tappet is fixed upon the shaft by a set screw;
on the shaft 37 which is free to be oscillated in suitable bearings, is a second
tappet 38, see Fig. 3, which normally holds one of the jack wires back, until a
finger 23, on the measuring motion, catches the tumbler 25 and actuates the vertical
rod 26 and oscillating shaft 37, whereby the latter withdraws the tappet 38 from
the jack wire which is then caught by a grife and lifts the sector lever 39, thus
stopping the loom by means of the cord 40, which is connected to the weft stop
motion. The operative now relieves the weft fork by disengaging the pawl 70
from the ratchet wheel 71.and puts in the shuttle with the coloured or other

page_text: '
thread for the border into the loom; and as soon as the measuring motion has
pushed the jack wire back the sector lever 39 drops and the loom is in working
condition.
As an alternative arrangement for the tumbler 25, sliding rod 26 and loose
tappet 36 we might employ the arrangement of lever 53 and connections as herein-
after described with reference to Fig. 6.
For a plain measuring motion a single finger or lifter 23 only is required on the
measuring wheel 20 or chain 22 or equivalent to actuate the jack wire to lift the
sector lever 39 and stop the loom; but if it be required to put a given number of
picks into the border, a second lifter would be required.
In Figs. 1, 2 and 4 we represent an attachment to a drop or revolving shuttle
box loom for connecting the measuring motion on the dobby to control the drop or
revolving shuttle boxes.
To effect this we connect to the vertical bar 26 and elbow lever 33 a rod 41
which conveys the reciprocating motion of the bar 26 by a ratchet pawl 42 to a
ratchet wheel 43 secured on a shaft 44, which is carried in suitable bearings fixed
to the loom frame to the other end of the shaft 44 is secured a star wheel 45 on
the boss of which is fitted a sliding slotted arm 46 provided with a catch at one
end, and a slot at the other into which passes a pin 47 on the short arm of a ratchet
wheel 48, pivoted at 49. On a bar 50, which has a vertical reciprocating motion, is a
stud 51 on which is fixed a ratchet wheel 52; on the stud 51 is also mounted the
ordinary pattern card barrel 79 which carries a pattern chain, not shown.
The movements of the needles which the pattern chain governs in the usual
manner well understood, regulate the movements of the drop or revolving shuttle
boxes and cause their position to be changed whenever the stud 51 is turned by
the action of the ratchet wheel 52.
.
In operation when a finger 23 acts on the tumbler 25 and releases the sliding
rod 26 the latter by the spring 28 is raised as shown in Fig. 2; then, when the
rod 26 is reset by the action of the stud 35 and elbow lever 33, the rod 41 and
pawl 42 turn the wheel 43 and shaft 44 one tooth in the direction indicated by the
arrow in Fig. 4; the effect of this movement of the shaft 44 is to cause the star
wheel 45 to turn half a tooth, and allow the sliding arm 46 to drop from the position
shown in Fig. 4, and its catch to enter one of the notches of the star wheel, thereby
allowing the catch 48 to fall by its own weight into gear with the ratchet wheel 52;
consequently at the next downward movement of the bar 50 the pawl being in gear
with the ratchet wheel 52 the latter will be turned one tooth and so regulate the
position of the shuttle boxes.
The next time the sliding rod 26 is re-set after having been released by the next
finger 23 of the measuring motion, the star wheel 45 will be moved another half
tooth, thereby forcing outward the catch on the sliding arm 46 and so withdrawing
the catch 48 from the ratchet 52 and bringing the parts into the relative positions
shown in Fig. 4.
In the arrangement illustrated by Fig. 6 the rocking arm 13 which in this case is
Tshaped, has pivoted on it the catch 15, which turns the ratchet 16 on the
shaft 17 and by means of the wheels 19, 20, drives the chain 22 on which are
fixed the lifting fingers 23. These lifting fingers act in turn upon a lever 53
fulcrumed at 54, and connected by a cord or equivalent 55 to the front catch 31, of
which there are two, pivoted at 30 to the rocking arm 13. The back catch 31 is
connected by a cord or equivalent 56 to a special jack 57, which jack, by means of
connections from a special peg on the lattice, is held normally up with its catch 31
out of gear with a ratchet wheel on the lattice barrel 4.
In operation when the loom, in this instance a plain loom, is working on the body
or plain portion of the fabric both the catches 31 are out of gear with the lattice
barrel; as soon however as a lifting finger 23 comes under and raises the end of
the lever 53, the cord 55 is slackened and the catch 31, which it supports, falls into
gear with the ratchet wheel 29 and so moves the lattice barrel 4 one tooth at the
next forward movement of the rocking arm 13. The movement thus. imparted. to

page_text: the barrel 4, removes the special peg on the lattice 6 by means of which the jack 57
has hitherto been held up thereby slackening the cord 56 and allowing the back
catch 31 to fall into gear with its ratchet wheel on the lattice barrel 4; meanwhile
the lifting finger 23 having passed the end of the pivoted lever 53 allows the
spring 29 to draw down the latter and thereby raise the front catch 31 out of gear
with its ratchet wheel 29 consequently the back catch 31 being in gear with its
ratchet wheel will continue to drive the barrel 4 at each forward movement of the
rocking arm 13, until the jack 57 is again raised by a special peg on the lattice,
whereby the back catch 31 is disengaged and ceases to drive until the next lifting
finger 23 comes into action, when the cycle of operations is repeated as above
described.
In our Provisional Specification we describe a new let off motion for warp beams;
but we wish it to be understood that we do not desire to include or lay any claim
to such let off motion in this our Complete Specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
:-
1. In a loom fitted with a dobby, combined dobby and drop boxes, or combined
dobby and revolving boxes, or jacquard or other shedding motion, the combination
with a measuring wheel actuated from the lattice motion, or equivalent, of a lifting
finger or fingers secured adjustably upon said measuring wheel or upon a chain
actuated by it, or equivalent part, the lifting finger or fingers serving to actuate
mechanism to change the pattern substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein set forth.
2. The combination with an automatic measuring motion substantially as herein
shown and described, of an automatic, stop motion actuated by an adjustable
lifting finger or fingers on the measuring motion substantially as and "for the
purposes specified.
3. The several combinations and arrangements of parts embodying our improve-
ments in shedding motions of looms substantially as and for the purposes herein
described and as illustrated by the drawings annexed.
Dated this 31st day of December 1891.
H. B. BARLOW,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agent for Applicants.