Improvements in Apparatus for Treating or Mercerising Yarns of Cotton or other Fibres to impart a Silky or Lustrous Appearance thereto.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1898
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating or Mercerising Yarns of
Cotton or other Fibres to impart a Silky or Lustrous Appearance
thereto.
I, WILLIAM HALL, of Monsal Villa, Newton Heath, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Dyer and Bleacher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
This invention relates to an improved construction or arrangement of appliance
for treating hanks of yarns of cotton or other fibres by the process known as
mercerising by which the hanks are maintained in a stretched condition during
the various steps in the process and by which these various steps may be carried
out without removing the yarn from the frame or roller upon which it has been
stretched and by which the removal or transfer of the yarn from one bath to
another is facilitated.
It consists. essentially of a cradle or frame fitted with two, three or more rollers
placed at some distance apart over which the hanks can be placed and stretched,
De said cradle or frame being mounted by suitable runners or pulleys upon a
rail or its equivalent placed over the liquor containers and the parts carrying the
yarn capable of being lowered and raised to immerse the yarn in and remove it
from the liquor.
In carrying out the invention I construct a frame or cradle to carry the yarn
mounted upon a rail or rails so as to be moveable thereon. The rail or rails are
placed at the back and at the upper back edge the cradle is provided with runners
or pulleys two on horizontal pivots to rest upon the top edge of the rail and two
on vertical pivots which engage the rail at the back to maintain its position on
the rail. At the lower edge the cradle is provided with other runners on vertical
pivots which bear horizontally against a second rail to maintain the cradle in its
upright position. The cradle can travel backwards or forwards on the rails.
The rails may be placed in a straight line extending any distance but are
preferably curved in circular or elliptical form to form continuous rails so that a
number of cradles may follow one another in one direction.
Below the cradles are placed a number of vessels to contain the mercerising or
other liquor with which the yarn is to be treated.
The cradles are each formed with sides extending outwards from the rails which
carry bearings for a number of rollers preferably three over which the yarn is
passed. The bearings of one (or more) of these rollers are fitted with screws by
which the roller can be moved to and fro to tighten or stretch the yarn when
placed thereon. Although I prefer three rollers two or four may be employed.
The bearings of the lower or bottom roller may be made to swivel to facilitate
the putting on or taking off of the yarn.
Part of the frame or cradle is fitted with slides to move up and down and is
suspended by a chain passing over a pulley or pulleys and connected to a lever

page_text: or handle by which it is raised and lowered to bring the material into the vat or
receptacle containing the liquor and to remove it therefrom when desired.
The rollers over which the yarn or material is placed are rotated by a handle to
bring every part of the material into the liquor.
Two, three or more vats or containers for the treating liquors are placed below
the cradles or frames and the yarn is successively brought to these as the appliance
is moved along the rails.
*
በ
1
1000
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating or Mercerising Yarns of
Cotton or other Fibres to Impart a Silky or Lustrous Appearance
thereto.
I, WILLIAM HALL, of Monsal Villa, Newton Heath, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Dyer and Bleacher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of appliance
for treating hanks of yarns of cotton or other fibres by the process generally known
as mercerizing by which the hanks are maintained in a stretched condition during
the various steps in the process and by which these various steps may be carried
out without removing the yarn from the frame or roller upon which it has been
stretched and by which the removal or transfer of the yarn from one bath to
another facilitated.
It consists essentially of a cradle or frame fitted with two three or more rollers
placed at some distance apart over which the hanks can be placed and stretched,
the said cradle or frame being mounted by suitable runners or pulleys upon a
rail or its equivalent placed over the liquor containers and the parts carrying the
yarn capable of being lowered and raised to immerse the yarn in and remove it
from the liquor.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings:
-
Fig. 1. Plan showing general arrangement of the apparatus.
Fig. 2. Side elevation (enlarged scale) of yarn carrying and stretching frame.
Fig. 3. Plan of same.
Fig. 4. Front elevation of the lifting and lowering part of the apparatus.
Fig. 5. Front elevation of the travelling or rolling frame with the front lifting
and lowering part removed.
Fig. 6. End elevation of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7. Plan of same.
A frame or cradle A is constructed to carry the yarn mounted upon two rails B
and C so as to be movable thereon to any desired position.
The rails B and C are preferably continuous as shown in Fig. 1, so that the
yarn carrying frames A can be successively moved, in one direction from one
position to another: Straight rails may however be used and the carriers A moved
to and fro thereon as required. Below the rails B and C are placed a number of
troughs or tanks D E and F to hold the liquors.
The yarn carrier A is made in two parts one part G.mounted on the rails B and C

page_text: to travel along the rails and the other part H mounted to slide up and down upon
the part G.
The back part or frame G is provided at its upper edge with runners K on
horizontal pivots to rest upon the top edge of the rail B and runners L on vertical
pivots which engage the rail B at the back to maintain the frame in position on
the rail B. At the lower edge the frame G is provided with other runners M
on vertical pivots, which bear horizontally against the lower rail C to maintain
the frame in its upright position. The frame can travel backwards or forwards
on the rails.
The frame G is provided in front with guides 9 in which the frame H can be
moved up and down the front frame H being supported and suspended therein
by chains N passing over pulley's n.
The front frame H is formed with sides O extending outwards at right angles
to the rails B and C and to the frame G which carry bearings o for a number of
rollers preferably three P P P2 over which the yarn is passed.
The bearings p of the top roller P are bolted to the sides O and capable of being
set or adjusted to any height or distance from the bottom roller 1. Instead of
a bolt and bolt holes for adjustment, the top roller bearings p may be raised and
lowered or adjusted by screws.
The bearings of the bottom roller P are preferably made to swivel to
facilitate the taking off and putting on of the yarn and one or both are made with
a slot in the side to admit of the easy removal of the roller.
The third roller P2 is fitted in bearings p² constructed to slide horizontally (or
otherwise) which are moved backwards and forwards by screws R to apply the
desired amount of stretch or tension to the yarn.
Although I prefer three rollers arranged as shown the third roller may be
dispensed with and only two employed or an additional roller may be added
making four if desired. Such a roller may be applied over either the top roller P
or to either of the rollers P or P2 to apply pressure to the yarn as it is being
treated.
}
The front frame H slides up and down in the slides and is suspended by the
chains N passing over the pulley n which are pivoted to the frame G. The
chains N are attached at their free ends to a pulley S to which is attached the
handle T by means of which the pulley S is rotated and the sliding frame H
raised and lowered as required to bring the material on the rollers into the vat
or trough containing the liquor. The frame is held in its raised position by
the catch t with which the handle T engages.
The rollers are rotated by the handle W.
In operation the yarn is stretched over the three rollers P P1 P2 as shown in
Fig. 2, and the desired amount of stretch imparted thereto by the adjustable
roller P. The catch t is then released from the handle T and the sliding frame H
lowered until the lower roller P" is immersed in the liquor in the trough D. The
rollers are then rotated by the handle W until all the yarn has been immersed
in and saturated by the liquor in the tank or trough D. This operation may
be carried on as long as desired. The sliding frame H is then raised again by
the operation of the handle T and chains N. The whole apparatus is then moved
along the rails B and C until brought' over another tank or trough containing
liquor of which there are preferably two, three or four in a set and the operation
is repeated the yarn being brought successively to the different tanks or troughs
as the appliance is moved along the rails. When these operations are completed
the yarn is removed from the rollers a fresh batch put on and the operations
continued as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:―
1. Apparatus for treating varn successively with mercerizing or other liquors

page_text: constructed with a frame or carriage travelling on rails a second sliding frame
carrying stretching rollers capable of sliding up and down on the other and
suspending chains and operating handle for lowering and raising the apparatus
to and from the tanks containing liquor substantially as described.
2. In apparatus for treating yarns with mercerizing or other liquors the com-
bination with supporting rails and a series of tanks or troughs to hold liquors of
a travelling frame mounted on said rails, a roller frame mounted to slide up and
down on the travelling frame, suspending chains and pulleys for supporting the
sliding frame rollers for holding and stretching the yarn and a handle for raising
and lowering the sliding frame substantially as described and shown.
3. Apparatus for treating yarn with mercerizing or other liquors having the
several parts constructed and arranged in combination substantially as described
and shown.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool and London, Patent Agents.