Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 24th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 24th June, 1887.
I HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co. Patent Agents of
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows :--
This invention relates to improved pressing apparatus for extracting oil from olives
and oleaginous grain and in general any liquid which can be obtained by the pressure
of solid bodies, without the use of pressing bags.
The said apparatus comprises two press-bodies or receptacles, into which the
material to be pressed is placed, so that the compressed cakes can be removed from
one receptacle and fresh material introduced while the compression of the material is
effected in the other receptacle.
To this end, the two press-bodies are juxtaposed, and can turn around a column
placed between them.
This column also serves, with two other columns of smaller diameter, to connect
the upper cross-head of the press with the lower cross head thereof.
The lower cross-head carries the cylinder of a hydraulic ram, the piston of which
effects the compression of the material from which the oil or other liquid is to be
extracted. It is, moreover, provided, at its upper part, with a channel, into which
the liquid runs as it is extracted.

page_text: On the side of the said hydraulic cylinder is another hydraulic cylinder of smaller
diameter and arranged symmetrically to the former relatively to the axis.
The ram of this second cylinder has for its object the removal of the compressed
cake of material from one press-body while the ram of the largest cylinder compresses
the material in the other hody, in order to extract the liquid therefrom. In this
manner, the apparatus performs double the work of an ordinary press.
The rotation of the press-bodies or receptacles around the axis in order to substitute
one for the other, is effected without difficulty, on account of the rotating motion
taking place upon a ring having conical friction rollers.
The press-bodies or receptacles are, by preference, of square section. Their sides
are provided internally with vertical grooves against which are applied filtering plates.
These plates render unnecessary the bags or sacks in which the material to be pressed
has heretofore been enclosed.
The result of this arrangement is that when the pulp is compressed, the liquid
traverses the filtering platos, flows into the vertical grooves and into the channel in
the plunger.
To obtain dry oil-cakes of any desired and uniform thickness, sheet-metal plates
are used, which are placed in the press-bodies or receptacles so as to divide the material
therein into layers of equal thickness.
The filtering plates each comprise three parts, viz:-a perforated plate of iron,
steel or other metal, a piece of fabric and a second perforated plate or perforated
strip arranged as follows:-Each perforated plate is of a mean thickness of say seven-
teen millimetres and is plane on the side bearing against the grooves in the walls of
the bodies. On the opposite side of the said plates a succession of channels are formed
which receive a piece of horselmir, textile or other fabric or material which is adapted
thereto.
Along the rounded edges or ribs between these channels are formed holes of about
five millimetres in diameter, which holes serve for the outflow of the liquid into the
grooves in the receptacle wall.
To compress the fabric against this channelled and perforated plate, half-round
strips are employed whereby the fabric may be forced into the channels by means
of screws.
These strips are retained at a distance of from five to six millimetres from each
other by a cross-bar, and the spaces between them are filled by the fabric owing to
the effect of the pressure.
It is to be understood that I can vary the mode of constructing these filtering plates
without departing from the nature of my invention.
For example, the said filtering plates may be formed by compressing a suitable
piece of fabric between a perforated plate of iron or steel of a mean thickness of about
seventeen millimetres, and plane on both sides, and a second plate of less thickness,
likewise perforated in such a manner that the holes shall be so arranged as to alternato
with those of the thicker plate.
The operation of this press is very simple.
While the large hydraulic piston compresses the material contained in the press-
body placed above it, and while the oil or other liquid extracted traverses the filtering
plate and descends along the vertical grooves into the trough in the piston, the other
or second press-body, which is filled with compressed material from the preceding
operation, is above the small hydraulic piston. The latter, when rising, forces the
compressed material through the upper part and thus removes the same. This small
piston having descended, the filling of the second press-body is effected, caro being
taken to separate the paste into layers of equal thickness by plates, to obtain a
better yield.
During the operations of removing the compressed material from, and filling with
fresh material, qhe second press-body, the compression is terminated in the first press-
body. The large piston is then caused to descend, a pin or bolt which keeps the
bodies immovable is removed, and the juxtaposed bodies are turned through an anglo

page_text: of 180 degrees; the pin or boit is then replaced, and the two press-bodies being thus
substituted one for the other, the operations are repeated.
This new arrangement, for enabling the compartments or receptacles to be changed
at will in order that in one of them tho compression shall take place whilst the com-
pressed material is being removed from the other, renders it possible with a singlo
press to perform as much work as, up to the present time, has necessitated the employ-
inent of two presses. Moreover the adjunction of this second press permits the
removal of the cakes to be effected automatically and very rapidly.
It is easy to understand that, by the employment of the improved apparatus having
the filtering plates, the pressing bags are dispensed with, thereby effecting considerable
economy. By the application of the improved apparatus, the manual labour necessary
for compressing a certain amount of material is reduced by about one half.
Dated this 24th day of August 1886.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Substances and for similar Purposes.
I HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co. Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be perfornied, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improved pressing apparatus for extracting oil from olive:
and oleaginous grain and in general any liquid which can be obtained by the pressure
of solid bodies without the use of pressing hags.
The construction and operation of the improved apparatus will be readily under-
stood from the following description and by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical section
Figure 2 a plan and
Figure 3 a side elevation of the apparatus.
Figure 4 is a front elevation of one of the filtering plates which cover the body
of the press internally.
Figure 5 is a vertical section thereof and
Figure 6 is a horizontal transverse section thereof.
Figures 7, 8, and 9 are an elevation, vertical section and horizontal section
respectively of details of the above mentioned filtering plates.
Figure 10 represents the arrangement of a press applicable to existing works.
The said apparatus comprises two press bodies or receptacles A B into which the
material to be pressed is placed so that the compressed cakes can be removed from
one receptacle and fresh material introduced while the compression of the material
is effected in the other receptacle.
The two press bodies or receptacles are juxtaposed, and can turn around a column C
placed between them. This column also serve with two other columns D D of
smaller diameter, to connect the upper cross head E of the press with the lower
cross head.
The latter has the cylinder F of a hydraulic ram formed therein the piston F¹ of
which effects the compression of the material from which the oil or other liquid is
to be extracted It is moreover provided at its upper part with a channel G into
which the liquid runs as it is extracted.
On the side of the said hydraulic cylinder F is another hydraulic cylinder H
of smaller diameter and arranged symmetrically with the former relatively to the
axis C.
The ram of this second cylinder H has for its object the removal of the com-
pressed cake of material from one press body while the ram of the larger cylinder F
compresses the material in the other body, in order to extract the liquid

page_text: therefrom. In this manner the apparatus performs double the work of an ordinary
press.
The rotation of the press bodies or receptacles A, B, around the axis C in order
to substitute one for the other, is effected without difficulty on account of the
rotating motion taking place upon a ring having conical friction rollers I.
The press bodies or receptacles A B are by preference of square section. Their
sides are provided internally with vertical grooves K against which are applied
filtering plates L. These plates render unnecessary the bags or sacks in which the
material to be pressed has heretofore been enclosed.
The result of this arrangement is that when the pulp is compressed, the liquid
traverses the filtering plates L flows into the vertical grooves K and flows into
ths channel G in the plunger.
To obtain dry oil cakes of any desired and uniform thickness sheet metal plates R
are used, which are placed in the press bodies or receptacles so as to divide the
material therein into layers of equal thickness.
The filtering plates L each comprise three parts viz a perforated plate M of iron,
steel or other metal, a piece of fabric N and a second perforated plate or perforated
strips P arranged as follows: Each perforated plate M is of a mean thickness of say
seventeen millimeters, and is plane on the side bearing against the grooves K in the
walls of the bodies.
On the opposite side of the said plates a succession of channels is formed which
receive a fabric piece N of horse hair, textile or other fabric or material which is
adapted thereto.
Along the rounded edges or ribs between these channels are formed holes O
of about five millimeters in diameter, which holes serve for the outflow of the
liquid into the grooves K in the receptacle wall. To compress the fabric N against
this channeled and perforated plate M half-round strips P are adapted to compress
the fabric into the channels by means of screws.
These strips are retained at a distance of from five to six millimeters from each
other by a cross bar T and the spaces between them are filled by the fabric owing
to the effect of the pressure.
It is to be understood that I can vary the mode of constructing those filtering
plates without departing from the nature of my invention.
For example the said filtering plates may be formed by compressing a suitable piece
of fabric between a perforated plate of iron or steel of a mean thickness of about seven-
teen millimeters, and plane on both sides and a second plate of less thickness, likewise
perforated in such a manner that its holes shall be so arranged as to alternate with those
of the thicker plate.
The operation of the improved press is very simple.
While the large hydraulic piston F¹ compresses the material contained in the press
body placed above, and while the oil or other liquid extracted traverses the filtering
plates Land descends along the vertical grooves K into the channel G the other press
body B which is filled with compressed material from the preceding operation is above
the small hydraulic piston H¹. The latter when rising forces the compressed material
5through the upper part and thus removes the same.
This piston H having descended, the filling of the press body B is effected, care
being taken to separate the material into layers of equal thickness by plates R to obtain
a better yield.
During the operations of removing the compressed material from, and filling with
O fresh material the press body, B, the compression is terminated in the press body A.
The large piston F is then caused to descend, a pin or bolt S which keeps the bodies
immovable is removed and the juxtaposed receptacles A B are turned through an angle
of 180 degrees; the pin or bolt S is then replaced, and the two press bodies A. B,
being thus substituted one for the other, the operations before described are repeated.
This new arrangement for enabling the compartments or receptacles to be changed
at will, in order that in one of them the compression shall take place whilst the com-
pressed material is being removed from the other, renders it possible with a single

page_text: press to perform as much work as up to the present time has necessitated the employ-
iment of two presses. Moreover the adjunction of this second press permits the
removal of the cakes to be effected automatically and very rapidly.
It is easy to understand that by the employment of the improved apparatus having
the filtering plates the pressing bags are dispensed with thereby enabling a
considerable economy. By the application of the improved apparatus the manual
labour necessary for compressing a certain amount of material is reduced by about
one half.
Figure 10 shows the application of my invention to presses already in use.
In this modification the receptacles or bodies A' A' are made removable and separate
from the ram H which can thus serve for use in connection with several presses G, G.
Each receptacle A' is provided with small rollers J so that it can be placed in one
of the presses G. G over one of the rams F1 F'. A carriage H³ transports the
receptacles A¹ to the ram H after the pressure has been applied by one of the rams F'
where its contents are removed. The said receptacles can then be recharged at the
heater C and brought again under one of the presses G, G, which is ready to receive
it. The presses G G which are employed are provided laterally with levers I I which
causes the cams I³ to move, the object of the latter being to press the upper parts of
the receptacle against its upper cross head.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the samo is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondents I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The improved apparatus constructed substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawings and operating as set forth.
Second. The improved compressing apparatus having two combined press bodies or
receptacles of the same dimensions, capable of turning around a fixed axis, and two
hydraulic cylinders of unequal power, so that when one of the said receptacles is
between the hydraulic compressing cylinder and the upper cross head the other is
above the smaller hydraulic cylinder for removing the cakes the whole being
constructed substantially as above described.
Third. The application to the internal sides of the pross bodies or receptacles of
vertical or oblique grooves against which are placed filtering plates formed of suit-
able fabric compressed between a perforated metallic plate and metallic strips, or
between two perforated metallic plates, with the object of dispensing with the oil
sacks or bags heretofore employed to contain the material from which liquid is to bo
extracted.
Fourth. Tho employment of horizontal plates dividing the material to bo compressed
into layers of equal thickness for the purpose specified.
The
Fifth. The modification of my invention wherein the receptacles are constructed
independent of the presses the said receptacles being mounted upon rollers and
arranged to be transported from the compressing rams to the emptying ram.
said prosses being each provided with a cam lever to apply the receptacles against
the upper crosshead substantially as described and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
רדי
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