Flanged Screw-swivels to give Rotation to Baits, Artificial or Natural, for use in the Sea Fisheries or for Angling.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 12th July, 1890-Accepted, 14th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Flanged Screw-swivels to give Rotation to Baits, Artificial or
Natural, for use in the Sea Fisheries or for Angling.
I KENNETH HENRY CORNISH of 47 Grosvenor Road, London, S.W. Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I construct my flanged-screw-swivels as follows-I take metal of suitable strength
and quality, and form from it a connected double flange having at the centre of
its connecting portion a slot through which the stem of a solid headed pin passes
on which pin the screw-flanges are centrally swivelled. A loop or hook is formed
on the other, or fore-end of the pin, for the attachment of line or snood, or this
end may be flattened as the heads of the shanks of sea fish hooks usually are.
1 form two other slots equidistant from the central slot, and preferably at the middles
of the lines at which the lateral flanges join the central portion from which
they extend. These slots are for the attachment of the bait, and the hook or hooks
used for the gearing, by a belly-band of wire, cord, gimp, gut &c., or by cords,
wires, &c., passed through them, & knotted or rivetted on the front side.
It is demonstrable that a bait attached to and suspended from the screw flanges,
or their central connecting portion, directly or indirectly, can be made to rotate or
spin on the swivel-pin, provided that this works as freely as the rod of every swivel
should. I convert the flanges and their supporting centre into a screw of the pitch
I require by bending the flanges in opposite directions in such a manner and to
such an extent that when the whole piece is viewed endways the flanges appear to
cross each other like the lines which form the letter X. I prefer to bend these
flanges as flat inclined planes in their relation to each other, because the screw
they form rotates equally well whether it be drawn against water, or is made to sink
through it downwards, when its twist is of course reversed.
It is the essence of my invention that I combine centrally connected screw-flanges
with central pins on which they swivel and rotate, or spin, and attach my baits,
hooks, leads, &c. to the centrally connected flanges, or to the central portion which
connects the screw-flanges and rotates on a central swivel pin in each, care being
taken not to interfere with the free working of this central swivel-pin, the head of
which must in all cases be sufficiently large and smooth to ensure safety and freedom
from undue friction.
Instead of having only two flanges or
blades the central portion which is
swivelled on the pin may be formed to carry three or more blades; but for most
purposes the two screw-flanges as described are preferable.
14th October 1889.
KENNETH HENRY CORNISH.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Flanged Screw-swivels to give Rotation to Baits, Artificial or
Natural, for use in the Sea Fisheries or for Angling.
I KENNETH HENRY CORNISH of 47 Grosvenor Road, London, S.W. Civil Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
I construct my flanged-screw-swivels as follows:-I take metal of suitable strength
and quality, and form from it a connected double flange B. C. D having at the centre
of its connecting portion a slot a through which the stem of a solid-headed pin A
passes, on which pin the screw flanges are centrally swivelled.

page_text: A loop or hook is formed on the other or fore-end of the pin A for the attachment
of line or snood; or this end may be flattened, as the heads of the shanks of sea-fish
hooks usually are.
I form two other slots D equidistant from the central slot, and preferably at the
middles of the lines at which the lateral flanges join the central portion from which
they extend. These slots are for the attachment of the bait, and the hook, or hooks,
used for the gearing, by a belly-band of wire, cord, gimp, gut, &c. and the like, or by
cords, wires, &c. and the like, passed through them, and knotted or rivetted on the
front side.
Instead of slots suitable projections formed on the flanged-screw may be employed,
and the gearing suitably hitched or knotted to them.
Provided that a sufficiently strong and large metal centre be used for pivotting the
rod securely, and for the slots or projections for the attachment of the gearing,
the actual flanges may be made of quill, horn, or any other suitable non-metallic
material.
It is mathematically demonstrable that a bait attached to and suspended from
the screw-flanges B. C. D, or their central connecting portion B B, directly or
indirectly, must rotate or spin on the swivel-pin A when drawn through water,
provided that the pin works freely, as the rod of every swivel should. I convert the
flanges and their supporting centre into a screw of the pitch I require by bending the
flanges C C in opposite directions in such a manner that when the whole is viewed end-
ways the flanges appear to cross each other like the letter X.
I prefer to bend these
flanges in some cases as inclined planes in their relation to the centre. If the planes
are flat the screw they form rotates equally well whether it be drawn against water,
or allowed to sink through it. In other cases I prefer to have my flanges grooved or
hollowed as shewn in my drawing and to so bend them that they shall lie flatly against
opposite sides of the bait they are to spin, as by so doing I diminish the diameter of
the bait when revolving, and at the point where the Archimedians would otherwise
project, as they do in all spinning baits in which they are employed; and I also place
the flanges in a position in which they exert the maximum of force with the minimum
of frictional resistance. I prefer to weight this screw flange, or bait, in front of the
Archimedian screw, or above it. When this is done the bait will always revolve in
the same direction, because if the line is slackened the bait will sink head downwards,
and consequently continue to revolve in the same direction as it did when dragged
against the water head foremost by the angler.
It is the essence of my invention that I combine centrally connected screw-
flanges BBCC with central pins A on which they are swivelled so as to rotate or
spin, and attach my baits, hooks, and other gearing to my flanged-screw-swivel, either
by the flanges, or the portion B. B. which connects them, and rotates on the swivel
pin A as described, care being taken not to interfere with the free working of the
central swivel pin, the head of which shewn dotted at a must in all cases be sufficiently
large and smooth to ensure safety & due freedom.
Instead of having only two flanges or blades, the central portion which is swivelled
on the pin may be formed to carry three or more blades; but for most purposes the
two screw-flanges as described are preferable.
The drawing shews that form of flanged screw swivel best adapted to carry baits for
sea fishing or angling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
-
1. My flanged-screw-swivel substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. The combination of a double-flange centrally connected by a plate perforated at
the centre, and bent to form an Archimedian screw, with a rod on which it is swivelled,
and carrying slots, or projections, for the attachment of bait and angling gearing
substantially as and for the purposes described.

page_text: 3. The placing weight, where weight is employed, at the fore part of the
Archimedian screw, or in front of it, as and for the purposes described.
4. The combination of a flanged-screw-swivel with leads, snoods, or the like gear,
and artificial or natural baits such as fish, or other vertebrates, insects, shell fish,
worms and the like, as and for the purposes described.
Dated this 12th day of July 1890.
KENNETH HENRY CORNISH.