Improvements in Locks and Da
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
Improvements in Locks and Da
I, BYRON PHELPS, Inventor, of the City of Seattle, State of Washington, U.S.A.,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to improvements in locks and locking latch mechanism,
and my object is to improve and simplify the construction of the same.
In the preferred embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings,
Fig. 1 shows a plan view partly in section, of my improved door lock.
Fig. 2 shows a horizontal sectional view of the same, the parts being broken
away.
Fig. shows a vertical section on the line X--X of Fig. 1, the rod spring
having been removed, looking in the direction of the arrows.
Fig. 4 shows the followers or roll-backs in detail in their normal operative
position with relation to the lock rod.
Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 & 13 show details of other parts of the device.
In the preferred embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings, A repre-
sents a frame of the lock having preferably integral transversely extending spindle
B is a latch bolt,
barrels or bearings a a¹ connected by an integral bridge a³.
operatively connected to the knob spindles by a connecting means 6 having a
yoke 6 and lugs 62 projecting therefrom. CC are escutcheon or side plates,
preferably separate from but fitting over the spindle bearings. My lock, as a
whole, is preferably designed to be introduced into a notch in the stile of the
door. D is a knob, preferably hollowed out and formed in two parts, as shown,
and having a hollow spindle & attached to the inside of the head of said knob.
This knob and spindle are shown more in detail in Fig. 6. 4, Fig. 2 is a groove
in the frame forming an abutment for the retaining device, and is a seat, pre-
ferably a circumferential groove in the knob spindle, adapted to register with the
grooved, so that a retaining device, such as a pin ³ may be inserted between
the same and hold said knob and spindle in place. By circumferential I do not
mean that the groove must extend necessarily entirely around the spindle. The
end of said spindle is transversely slotted through both sides thereof, as shown
at d', and said spindle is also provided with a longitudinal slot d through one
side thereof. A follower F having a round hole and lateral projections, as shown
in Fig. 4, is enclosed in the end of the hollow spindle, the projections passing
through and being preferably at all times retained in said notch . G. is a lock-
rod, preferably of angular, in this embodiment of a square, cross-section, enclosed.
in the hollow spindle, and extending through so as to be rotatable in the said.
follower F. This rod has a lug and a projection . The projection g'is
surrounded by a washer g², which loosely fits the inside of the hollow spindle,
and g is a spring pressing against the head of the knob and its washer to press
the rod toward the right. His a finger cam preferably held between the knob
and lateral spindle bearing, extending transversely outside of said spindle and
having a longitudinal extension h, which carries a cam face h¹. By the rotation*

page_text: of this finger cam, the cam face will act upon the lug g and operate the lock
rod.
E is a second hollow knob, preferably formied of a base e and a cape. The
base has a hollow spindle e held in the spindle bearing a,by a pin and groove
connection, as heretofore described in regard to the spindle d. These spindles d, e,
are preferably not joined together, but it will be obvious that some of the
functions of the mechanism herein disclosed could be performed, if said spindles
were so joined together.
The spindle e is shown more in detail in Fig. 3, and has in the end thereof a
transverse slot through both sides thereof e. This slot may be deeper than the
slot in the spindle d, for the purpose hereinafter set forth, K is a second follower
having a square hole therein, as shown, in Fig. 4, and projections to contact with
the lugs This follower is held in the end of the hollow spindle, as shown,
in Fig. 2, the projections passing through the slot e, but said follower is thinner
than the depth of said slot and may therefore be inoved longitudinally in the same.
"
is a slot through both sides of the inner extension of the spindle ibearing a
preferably just deep enough to contain the projections of the follower. The
spindle e when in its operative position extends inward or to the left-oft ther end
of this spindle-bearing, as shown in Fig. 2, but the slot.et in the end of the spindle
extends to the right into the end of the bearing a, and is adapted to register when
in one position with the slot a². The follower K can then be moved outward or to
the right, as shown, in Figs. 1 and 2, and the projections thereof will enter the
slots and a,, which will result.in locking the. spindle e. from rotation. This
movement of the roll-back K is accomplished by the longitudinal movement of
the rod G. This rod has a smaller and preferably rounded portion g, by cutting
away which, shoulders and g are formed on the rod. The follower Kis. slipped
on to the angular rod, the angular hole therein allowing it to just fit the angular
outline of said rod, but when it reaches the part g and the rod is. then given a part
of a turn, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, the shoulders and go on the
rod.formed by cutting away the rod to form the rounded portion will not then
register with the hole in the follower. K and the follower will then be locked
from-longitudinal movement. of said rod and by the longitudinal movement of the
rod said follower will be bodily moved in one direction or the other. As before
stated, the rod is rotatable in the hole in the follower F, therefore, when the finger
cam His rotated, the rod will be moved in one direction or the other and will
carry the follower K with it, but will not displace the follower F.. The movement
of this finger cam will therefore serve to lock or unlock the knob E. The parts are,
shown in their locked position in Fig. 2, the finger cam having been. rotated
so as to allow the spring to press the lock rod to the right carrying the
follower K with it further into the slot et, and also into the groove a² in the
relatively stationary spindle bearing a. Although the right hand knob E is
in this position locked, the left hand knob D can still be. rotated and throw back
the latch, because, although the follower K is fixed, the rounded part g allows.
the rotation of the rod G relatively thereto and a very slight movement, given
thereto by the rotation of the knob D, sufficient to throw back the latch, will not
bring said angular. rod into the position to register with the. angular. hole. in
the follower, h.
1770
To unlock the mechanism from the knob E, that is, to rotate one of the followers.
and throw back the latch when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2, 1
have provided a preferably pin tumbler lock L contained in the knob The pin
tumbler lock fits into a seat el formed by a projection eo, as shown in Fig. 13, and
is fixed relatively to the knob by the lugs e enclosing the tumbler casing, 18
at the sides. The other end of the lock fits a scat el3 as shown in Fig. 2 and is
held in place by drawing the cape toward c by the screws e. The lock has an
inner relatively rotatable key barrel 7, locked by the pin tumblers 16, but releasable,..
as is common in that class of locks, by the insertion of a key... The projecting
end of this barrel is shown in dotted lines at E. A cap shown in detail in

page_text: Figs. 9 and 10 is slipped over this projection and fixed thereto by a pin 12,
passing through both of the holes. This cap has a hole in the end into which
projects the end of the rod G. When the knob E is locked, as shown in Fig. 2;
the rotation of the knob D, and consequently of the rod G would not be possible,
as the end of the rod projects into this cap, unless some play were allowed between
the end of the same and the cap, because said cap is then fixed relatively to the
knob E, which is then locked. To allow for this play, the angular end of the rod
is fitted to a hole in the cap, as clearly shown in Fig. 9, and then the portions
are cut away in said cap, so as to allow a slight rotary movement of this rod
before the corners of the rod will come in contact with the shoulders 1.
When the parts are locked, as shown in Fig. 2, by a key inserted into the
key barrel through the hole e in the knob "cap, the key barrel may rotate,
although the knob E remains fixed, which will rotate the cap and as the
barrel and cap are further rotated, the shoulders will come in contact with the
corners of the angular rod, and upon a still further rotation of the key barrel,
the rod will be rotated carrying with it the spindle d and the roll-back, which
will throw back the latch. The rod is thus connected with the follower F to
operate the same, in the présent embodiment not directly with it, but through the
medium of spindle d. When the key barrel and other parts are allowed to come
back to their position shown in Fig. 2; the key may then be withdrawn, and in
this way a safe and yet convenient locking means is provided for the outside
handle of a door:
"Where screws or other attaching means are used in plain sight outside of the
escutcheon plates, the same may be tampered with or removed and the knob stolen
or the locking or latch mechanism destroyed. It is, therefore, desirable to conceal
or do away with such attaching means. As shown in Fig. 2, the knob E is
formed of two parts, a base and a knob es held together by screws e³ passing
through holes in the base and into the threaded portion e' in the cap. To cover.
up and conceal these screws, I have provided a rosette e abutting against the
base and a shoulder on the spindle bearings. This completely conceals the
screws and prevents any unlawful tampering with the same.
"It will be obvious that many variations may be made in the construction
herein disclosed without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not
therefore limit myself to this embodiment thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
"
1. In a lock in combination latch mechanism embracing a latch bolt or head, a.
plurality of rotatable spindles, a bolt actuating means adapted to be operated
thereby to move said bolt, mechanism to lock one of said spindles against rotation,
but not the other, operative from the same side of said lock as said unlocked'
spindle.
2. In a lock in combination latch mechanism, a plurality of rotatable spindles,
extending to said mechanism. to operate the same, one of said spindles being
chambered, locking means extending into said chamber and adapted to hold the
other of said spindles against rotation but not. said first spindle, and a device.
adapted to be operated, by the fingers extending outside of said chambered spindle.
transversely of the axis thereof and connected with said locking means to operate
the same.
3.. In. a .lock in combination latch mechanism, a plurality of rotatable spindles.
extending, to said, mechanism to operate the same, one of said spindles being
chambered, locking means extending into said chamber and adapted to hold the
other of said spindles against rotation but not said first spindle, and a device;
adapted to be operated by the fingers. extending outside of said chambered spindle
transversely of the axis thereof and connected with said locking means to operate.

page_text: the same, and key operated means on the same side as said locked spindle
connected with said latch mechanism to operate the same.
4. In a lock in combination latch mechanism, a plurality of rotatable spindles
extending to said mechanism to operate the same, one of said spindles being
chambered, locking means extending into said chamber and adapted to hold the
other of said spindles against rotation but not said first spindle, and a device
adapted to be operated by the fingers extending outside of said chambered spindle
transversely of the axis thereof and connecting with said locking means to operate
the same and key operated means contained in a knob on said locked spindle
having a part thereof fixed relatively to said knob so as to move therewith and
a second part movable relatively to said first part and adapted to be operated by
a key and connected with said latch mechanism to operate the same.
5. In a lock in combination latch mechanism embracing a latch bolt or head,
a plurality of rotatable spindles, bolt actuating means adapted to be operated
thereby to move said bolt, mechanism to lock one of said spindles against rotation,
means connected with both said lock and latch mechanism to operate either and
adapted to be engaged by a key from the same side of said lock as said locked
spindle to operate said latch mechanism.
6. In a lock in combination latch mechanism, spindles extending thereto,
means connected to said spindles and extending outside thereof transversely of
the axis of the same to operate said latch mechanism, each spindle normally
engaging a part of said means, a device extending outside of said mechanism on
the same side as one of said spindles adapted to move that part of said means
which is engaged by the other spindle and thereby lock said other spindle.
7. In combination, latch mechanism, a spindle extending from one side thereof,
a second spindle extending from the opposite side thereof, a follower connected
with said first spindle and normally adapted at all times to operate said
mechanism, a device to lock said second spindle but not the one carrying said
follower, and means connected with said device to operate the same, extending
outside of said latch mechanism on the same side as said unlocked spindle.
8. In combination, latch mechanism, a spindle extending from one side thereof,
a second spindle extending from the opposite side thereof, a follower connected.
with said first spindle and adapted to operate said mechanism, a second follower
connected with said second spindle, a device connected with said second follower
to move the same and lock the second spindle but not the first, and means, con-
nected with said device to operate the same, extending outside of said latch
mechanism on the same side as said unlocked spindle.
9. In combination, latch mechanism, spindles extending from opposite sides
thereof, and each adapted to operate said mechanism, a device to lock one of said
spindles, an angular rod connected with both said device and other spindle and
movable with said spindle and adapted to operate both of the same, key mechanism
carried by said locked spindle embracing a relatively rotatable part adapted to
actuate said rod to operate said latch mechanism, a slight amount of play being
allowed between said rod and rotatable part.
10. In combination a knob, a shank attached thereto and extending therefrom,
a bearing for said shank, a circumferential groove in said shank, a hole in said
bearing registering with said groove, and a retaining device consisting of a
removable pin inserted in said hole and groove to hold said shank in place.
11. In a lock in combination, a frame adapted to be inserted in the stile of a
door and including a lateral spindle bearing, an escutcheon plate at one side of
said frame and surrounding said bearing, a spindle inserted in said bearing and
having a curved seat therein, a projection carried by said frame and adapted to
co-operate with said curved seat to lock said spindle from retraction from said
bearing.
12. In a lock in combination, a frame adapted to be inserted in the stile of
a door and including a lateral spindle bearing, an escutcheon plate at one side of
said frame, a spindle inserted in said bearing and having a retaining device inside

page_text: said escutcheon plate comprising a curved seat on said spindle, a seat carried by
said frame and adapted to co-operate with said curved seat to receive a pin to
lock said spindle from retraction from said bearing.
13. In a lock in combination, a spindle, a transversely divided hollowed
knob, one of the divisions thereof having a spindle, means to attach said divisions
together passing longitudinally outward through one of the same, and a rosette
surrounding said spindle and covering said attaching means and forming a
continuation of the outside of said knob.
14. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle extending laterally
therefrom, means connected with said spindle and adapted to actuate said latch
mechanism, a device to lock said spindle, a knob carried by said spindle and
containing a lock fixed relatively thereto, .so as to be movable therewith but
having a movable part and a connection between said movable part and latch
mechanism by the movement of which part said latch mechanism will be operated.
15. In a lock in combination latch mechanism embracing a latch bolt or head,
a bolt actuating means connected therewith and adapted to operate. the same, a
chambered knob spindle to retract said bolt connected with said means and
carrying a hollowed knob, means to lock said spindle, means extending into said
chambered spindle and movable to retract said bolt without disengaging said
locking means, and key operated mechanism contained in said hollowed knob,
embracing a part fixed relatively to said knob so as to rotate therewith, and a
relatively separate part, connected with said bolt retracting means, and movable
relatively to said first part and to said knob to retract said bolt, and a pin
tumbler to lock said two parts together.
16. In a hollowed knob in combination, a base and a cap, means to draw the
same together, and a pin tumbler lock contained in said knob and held therein
fixed relatively thereto, by and between said base and cap.
17. In a hollowed knob in combination, a base and a cap, and means to draw
the same together, a seat and a lug on one of said parts and a pin tumbler lock
contained in said knob and held therein in said seat and fixed relatively to said
knob by engagement with said lug.
18. In a lock in combination latch mechanism, a spindle, a follower to actuate"
said mechanism, a rod within said spindle connected with said follower to operate
the same said spindle having a knob, a pin tumbler lock within said knob having
a relatively rotatable key barrel, a projection on the inner end of said key barrel,
a hollow cap carried by said projection and having a hole therein said rod having,
an angular portion projecting into and fitting said hole in said cap so that said
rod and follower may be rotated by a rotation of said key barrel.
19. In a lock in combination latch mechanism, a spindle, a follower to actuate
said mechanism, a rod within said spindle connected with said follower to operate
the same said spindle having a knob, a pin tumbler lock within said knob having
à relatively rotatable key barrel, a projection on the inner end of said key barrel,
a hollow cap carried by said projection and having a hole therein said rod having
an angular portion projecting into and fitting said hole in said cap so that said roil.
and follower may be rotated by a rotation of said key barrel, said connections.
between, said follower, and key barrel allowing of a slight lost motion between'
the two.
20. In a device of the character described in combination a latch mechanism, a
rollback to actuate the same, a lock having a stationary part and a relatively
rotatable key barrel, and means between said key barrel and follower normally
connected with both and adapted to actuate said follower by a rotation of said.
key barrel and allowing a slight rotation of said key barrel before said follower is
moved.
21. In a device of the character described in combination a latch mechanism, a
follower to actuate the same, a lock having a stationary part and a relatively.
rotatable key barrel, and means, between said key barrel and follower and

page_text: normally connected to both in a position to actuate the same, said means adapted
to actuate said follower by rotation of said key barrel.
22. In a lock in combination a latch bolt, a pair of spindles, a follower to
actuate said bolt connected with one of said spindles, said spindle being hollowed,
means to lock said spindle, a second follower movable independently of said locked
"spindle to actuate said bolt and key actuated means contained in part within, and
movable independently of, said locked spindle and connected with said second
follower to move the same independently of said locked spindle.
23. In a lock in combination, a key barrel having a projection, a cap carried
by said key barrel and fitting over said projection, said cap having a hole therein,
and a rod passing through said hole and held therein, and a follower connected
with said rod to be actuated thereby.
24: In a lock in combination, latch mechanism embracing a latch bolt or head,
a plurality of rotatable spindles, one of said spindles being hollow, bolt actuating
means adapted to be operated thereby, mechanisin embracing a rod movable
longitudinally in said hollow spindle to lock the second spindle against rotation
but not said hollow one and operative from the same side of said lock as said
unlocked spindle.
25. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism embracing a latch bolt or head,
a plurality of hollow rotatable spindles, bolt actuating means adapted to be
operated thereby to move said bolt, mechanism to lock one of said spindles against
rotation, means embracing a rod movable within said hollow spindles and
connected with both said lock and latch mechanism to operate either and adapted
to be engaged by a key from the same side of said lock as said locked spindle to
operate said latch mechanism.
26. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, spindles extending thereto,
followers connected with said spindles and extending outside thereof transversely
of the axes of the same to operate said latch mechanism, each spindle normally
engaging one of said followers, a rod movable within one of said spindles having a
projection therefrom passing laterally through an aperture in said spindle and a
finger piece to engage said projection and move said rod and the follower
connected with the other spindle and thereby lock said other spindle.
27. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, spindles extending thereto,
followers connected with said spindles and extending outside thereof transversely
of the axes of the same to operate said latch mechanism, each spindle normally
engaging one of said followers, a rod movable within one of said spindles having
a projection therefrom passing laterally through an aperture in said spindle and a
finger piece to engage said projection and move said rod and the follower
connected with the other spindle and thereby lock said other spindle but not the
spindle carrying said rod.
28. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a spindle carrying a follower to
actuate the same, a second spindle carrying a knob, a lock in said knob having a
stationary part and a relatively rotatable key barrel and a rod between said key
barrel and follower and normally connected with both and adapted to actuate said
follower to move said latch mechanism by a rotation of said key barrel and
allowing a slight rotation of said key barrel before said follower is moved.
29. In a lock in combination, latch mechanism, a pair of hollow and inde-
pendently rotatable spindles, one of said spindles carrying a knob, a follower
connected with said knob spindle to actuate said latch mechanism, a lock in said
knob having a stationary part and a relatively rotatable key barrel and a rod
extending into both of said hollow spindles, said rod being longitudinally and
also rotatably movable in said knob spindle, said rod connected with said follower
so as to carry the same along with it and thereby lock said spindle when said
rod is moved longitudinally, said rod being then rotatable independently of said
follower, a second follower carried by the other spindle and connected with said
rod so as to be rotated thereby and actuate said latch mechanism when said rod

page_text: is rotated, said rod being movable longitudinally without removing said second
follower from operative relation to said latch mechanism, and a finger piece
outside the spindle carrying said second follower and connected with said rod
whereby the same may be moved longitudinally.
30. In a lock in combination, a latch bolt, a pair of spindles, a follower to
actuate said bolt connected with one of said spindles, said spindle being hollow,
means to lock said spindle operative from the side of said lock which is opposite
said locked spindle, a second follower movable independently of said locked
spindle to actuate said bolt, and key actuated means contained in part within, and
movable independently of, said locked spindle and connected with said- second
follower to move the same independently of said locked spindle.
Dated this 5th day of May 1899.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.