IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elijah Beech, of Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, Printer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PRINTING."
Sealed the 11th June 1875, and dated the 16th April 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Elijah Beech at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th April 1875.
I, ELIJAH BEECH, of Islington, in the County of Middlesox, Printer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR PRINTING," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object machinery whereby subject matter
and progressive numbers may be continuously printed upon rolls or
strips of paper, card, or other suitable material, which may be also
perforated or divided by the machinery into suitable lengths for cheques
or other documents. I am aware that machinery for this purpose was
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Simeon
Sampson, dated the Twenty-fifth day of March in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, and Numbered 1097;
but the arrangement and combination of mechanism therein proposed
is imperfect and objectionable in practise and cannot be worked
satisfactorily.
My Invention consists, firstly, in an improved combination and
arrangement of the mechanism in which the drums for the front
impression of subject matter or type, the first and second impression
cylinders, the perforating cylinder, and perforators, are all placed with
their axes in the same horizontal plane. The face plate wheel or disc
carrying the numbering discs is placed over the first impression cylinder,
and the drum for the subject matter or type for the back impression
under the second impression cylinder. The drum from which the
unprinted strip is drawn, and that upon which the printed and numbered
strip is rolled, are placed, the former on one side, the latter on the other
side of the machine, below the level of the axis of the first-named drums
and cylinders, and rotate upon studs fixed in brackets secured to the
frame of the machine. The strip or roll of material to be printed and
numbered upon passes from the drum over one and under another guide
roller, under and between the first subject matter drum and the first
impression cylinder, then over the latter, and between it and the
numbering mechanism, then between the first and second impression
cylinders, and under the latter and between it and the second subject
matter cylinder, then between the second impression cylinder and the
perforating cylinder, over the latter, and between it and the perforator,
under the latter to the drum upon which the printed strip of paper is
wound. The two subject matter or type drums and the numbering
mechanism have separate inking arrangements formed by a roller
working in contact with the ink in the trough, a second roller working
in contact with the latter, and the two other rollers, which work in
contact with the second roller and with the type, there being a roller
having end motion to distribute the ink working in contact with the second
roller. Each set of inking rollers is geared together and with the type
drum which they have to ink. The shaft of the numbering mechanism
and subject matter drums are arranged in slides and have screws for
adjusting them in relation to the impression cylinders. The numbering
mechanism is formed by ten sets of numbering discs arranged in a circle,
each set of discs is placed on a stud forming its axis, which is secured
on a disc or face plate, the axis of each set of discs being parallel to the

page_text: axis
upon
which the face plate rotates and not at a right angle thereto,
as hitherto proposed. Each set of discs is actuated to change its number
once for each revolution of the face plate by a pawl fixed on a stud in
the framing, the ratchet wheel of each set of discs as the face plate
relates comes in contact with the said pawl as it passes, and this causes
the ratchet wheel to move one tooth, this motion being communicated
to the numbering discs in the ordinary manner.
The second part of my Invention relates to the arrangement of the
figures of the numbering discs, and consists as follows:-'
-There may be a
fixed unit figure for each set of discs carried by the face plate, so that the
tens disc will be directly actuated by the ratchet wheel; but I prefer
when making single impressions, that is, onc impression of each number,
to make the ten figures of the units discs of the first set of discs all of
the figure 1, and the ten figures of the units disc of the second set of the
figure 2, and so on, the ten figures of the units disc of the tenth set of
discs, all of the figure 0; when so made the units disc is secured to the
tens disc which moves with it. All the discs of each set of discs,
except the units, are figured in the ordinary manner.
For printing duplicate numbers, that is, two impressions in succession
of the same number, my Invention consists in arranging so that the
units discs of the ten sets of numbering discs have each ten figures
arranged as follows:-For the first and second set the figures 1 and 6,
alternately, for the third and fourth set the figures 2 and 7 alternately,
for the fifth and sixth set the figures 3 and 8 alternately, for the seventh
and eighth set the figures 4 and 9 alternately, and for the ninth and
tenth set the figures 5 and 0 alternately. The discs of cach set, except
the units disc, are numbered in the ordinary manner. The units disc is
geared to move the tens disc at each alternate movement of the units
disc, that is, when the figures 6, 7, 8, 9, and 0, upon the units disc have
printed and the next movement of the units discs takes place they carry
forward the tens discs one figure.
For printing numbers in triplicate, that is, repeating the same number
three times in succession, I employ fifteen sets of discs carried upon the
plate or wheel, with the figures on the units disc, as if for duplicate
numbering.
I also number consecutively by placing on the plate on wheel fire

page_text: I also number consecutively, or in duplicate, or triplicate, &c., by
fixing upon the plate or wheel carrying the discs one set of discs for
single, two sets for duplicate, or three sets of discs for triplicate
numbering, and so on. The sets of discs last named have their figures
the same as for ordinary consecutive numbering.
Thirdly. My Invention consists in arranging the sets of discs when
used singly so as to be mounted on an axis with a small amount
of excentricity (the axis of the discs being parallel to the axis of
rotation); and my Invention also consists in mounting several sets
of discs each on a separate axis of rotation, so as to print upon the same
strip or roll of paper or other material as it passes round, or partly round
the same or a separate impression cylinder or cylinders, either con-
secutive, single, duplicate, or triplicate, or so on, and the discs arc or
may be arranged so that one will print, say, Nos. 1, 4, 7, 10, and so on
(every third number); and another, Nos. 2, 5, 8, 11, and so on; and
another, Nos. 3, 6, 9, 12, and so on, as well as duplicate and other
numbers in the same manner. By this means several numbers can be
consecutively printed on the length of strip or roll in the space between
the numbers printed by one set of discs, and thus shorter documents
may be made with sets of discs of comparatively large circumference,
and the numbers can be arranged to come on any required part of the
lengthway of the roll or strip being printed.
When two, three, or more sets of discs are employed, as above described
under the third head of my Invention, the units discs are moved two
figures at a time, when two sets of discs are employed, and three figures
at a time when three sets of discs are employed, and so on, but the units
disc need only be moved one figure at a time if the figures are arranged in
the following order, namely:-For numbering consecutively with two
sets of discs, the units disc of one set is figured 1, 3, 5, 7, 9; 1, 3, 5, 7, 9;
and the other 2, 4, 6, 8, 0; 2, 4, 6, 8, 0; and the tens disc is moved
twice during each revolution of the units disc, that is, during that move-
ment which takes place immediately after printing the figure 9 by one
disc, and after printing the figure 8 by the other disc.
When three sets of discs are used for consecutive printing the units
discs are figured as follows:-1, 4, 7, 0, 3, 6, 9, 2, 5, S, and in starting
to number one set of discs is set at 1, the next at 2, and the next at 3.
The units disc of each set is arranged in this case to move the tens disc

page_text: when the movement takes place immediately after printing the figures 7,
8, and 9, duplicate or triplicate, and so on, numbering when the
impressions are printed in the same line simultaneously or thereabouts
is accomplished by two or more sets of discs arranged to revolve on the
samc axis or shaft, the discs being arranged the same as for consecutive
numbering.
I also accomplish triplicate numbering by three, six, or nine sets of
discs carried round upon a face plate or drum, as described under the
first head of my Invention, with the units discs figured as above
explained, that is, when six sets of discs are used the units discs (having
ten figures each) of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd sets of discs are figured 1, 3,
5, 7, 9; 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and the 4th, 5th, and 6th, sets of discs are
figured 2, 4, 6, 8, 0; 2, 4, 6, 8, 0.
When nine sets of discs are used on a face plate or wheel the units
disc of each sct has ten figures as follows:-1, 4, 7, 0, 3, 6, 9, 2, 5, 8,
and the tens disc is moved at the figures 7, 8, and 9, and in commencing
to number the first three sets of discs are set at the figure 1, the second
three sets of discs are set at the figure 2, and the third three sets of discs
are set at the figure 3.
I also accomplish triplicate numbering by ten sets of discs placed
upon a drum or face plate, the units disc having three, six, nine, or
twelve figures upon it (repeated if more than three figures) in the
following order, viz.:-The units for the first set 1, 4, 7, second set 1, 4, 8;
third set 1, 5, 8; fourth set 2, 5, 8; fifth set 2, 5, 9; sixth set 2, 6, 9;
seventh set 3, 6, 9; eighth set 3, 6, 0; ninth sct 3, 7, 0; and tenth
sct 4, 7, 0.
The units disc moves the tens disc as follows:-In the first, ninth,
and tenth set of discs at the figure 7, in the second, third, and fourth at
the figure 8, in the fifth, sixth, and seventh at the figure 9, and in the
eighth set of discs at the figure 6.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Elijah Beech in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ELIJAH
BEECH, of Islington, in the County of Middlesex, Printer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Elijah Beech, Her special license
that I, the said Elijah Beech, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Elijah Beech, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
PRINTING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Elijah
Beech, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Elijah Beech, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and the accompanying Drawings (that is
to say) :-
My Invention has for its object machinery whereby subject matter
and progressive numbers may be continuously printed upon rolls or strips
of paper, card, or other suitable material, which may be also perforated
or divided by the machinery into suitable lengths for cheques or other
documents. I am aware that machinery for this purpose was described
in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to Simeon Sampson,

page_text: dated the 25th day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-three, and Numbered 1097, but the arrange-
ment and combination of mechanism therein proposed is imperfect and
objectionable in practise, and cannot be worked satisfactorily.
My Invention consists, firstly, in an improved combination and
arrangement of the mechanism in which the drums for the front im-
pression of subject matter or type, the first and second impression
cylinders, the perforating cylinder, and perforators are all placed with
their axis in the same horizontal plane. The face plate wheel or disc
carrying the numbering discs is placed over the first impression cylinder,
and the drum for the subject matter or type for the back impression
under the second impression cylinder. The drum from which the un-
printed strip is drawn, and that upon which the printed and numbered
strip is rolled are placed, the former on one side, the latter on the other
side of the machine below the level of the axis of the first-named
drums and cylinders, and rotate upon studs fixed in brackets secured to
the frame of the machine. The strip or roll of material to be printed
and numbered upon passes from the drum over one and under another
guide roller, under and between the first subject matter drum and the
first impression cylinder, then over the latter and between it and the
numbering mechanism, then between the first and second impression
cylinders, and under the latter and between it and the second subject
matter cylinder, then between the second impression cylinder and the
perforating cylinder, over the latter and between it and the perforator,
under the latter to the drum upon which the printed strip of paper is
wound. The two subject matter or type drums and the numbering
mechanism have separate inking arrangements formed by a roller
working in contact with the ink in the trough, a second roller work-
ing in contact with the latter, and two other rollers which work in
contact with the second roller and with the type, there being also a
roller having end motion to distribute the ink working in contact with
the second roller. Each set of inking rollers is geared together and with
the type drum which they have to ink. The shaft of the numbering
mechanism and subject matter drums are arranged in slides, and have
screws for adjusting them in relation to the impression cylinders.' The
numbering mechanism is formed by ten sets of numbering discs
arranged in a circle. Each set of discs is placed on a stud forming its
axis, which is secured on a disc or face plate, the axis of each set of

page_text: discs being parallel to the axis upon which the face plate rotates, and
not at a right angle thereto, as hitherto proposed. Each set of discs is
actuated to change its number once for each revolution of the face plate
by a pawl, similar to that used for ordinary paging, fixed on a stud in the
framing, and as the face plate rotates the ratchet wheel of cach set of
discs in passing comes in contact with the said pawl, and this causes the
ratchet wheel to move one tooth, this motion being communicated to tho
numbering discs in the ordinary manner.
The second part of my Invention relates to the arrangement of the
figures of the numbering discs, when two or more sets are carried round
on the same face plate or wheel, and consists as follows:-When
making single impressions, that is, one impression of each number, I
make the ten figures of the units disc of the first set of discs all of the
figure 1, and the ten figures of the units disc of the second set of the
figure 2, and so on, the ten figures of the units disc of the tenth set of
discs all of the figure 0; when so made the units disc is secured to the
tens disc, which moves with it, and with the ratchet wheel. All the
discs of each set of discs, except the units, are figured in the ordinary
manner.
For printing duplicate numbers, that is, two impressions in succession
of the same number, my Invention consists in arranging so that the
units discs of the ten sets of numbering discs have each ten figures
arranged as follows:-For the first and second sets the figures 1 and 6
alternately; for the third and fourth sets the figures 2 and 7 alternately;
for the fifth and sixth sets the figures 3 and 8 alternately; for the seventh
and eighth sets the figures 4 and 9 alternately; and for the ninth and
tenth sets the figures 5 and 0 alternately. The discs of each set, except
the units disc, are numbered in the ordinary manner; the units disc is
geared or arranged to move the tens disc at cach alternate figure or
movement of the units disc, that is, when the figures 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9,
upon the units disc have printed and the next movement of the units
discs takes place, they carry forward the tens discs one figure.
For printing numbers in triplicate, that is, repeating the same number
three times in succession, I employ fifteen sets of discs carried upon the
plate or wheel with the figures on each units disc arranged as if for
duplicate numbering, viz., the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd sets of discs with the
figures of the units disc engraved with the figures 1 and 6 alternately,
and the fourth, 5th, and 6th sets of discs with the figures 2 and 7

page_text: alternately, and so on, there being three sets of discs in succession with
the figures engraved in the same order, instead of two sets, as for
duplicate printing.
I also number consecutively by placing on the plate or wheel five sets
of discs with the figures of the units, discs engraved as for duplicate
numbering, namely, with the first, third, fifth, seventh, and ninth of
the ten sets of discs above mentioned as used for duplicate numbering.
I also number in duplicate or triplicate, and so on, by fixing upon the
plate or wheel carrying the discs, two sets for duplicate, or three sets of
discs for triplicate numbering, and so on, for other repititions of the
same number. The sets of discs last named have their figures arranged
the same as for ordinary consecutive numbering.
I also accomplish triplicate numbering by three, six, or nine sets of
discs carried round upon a face plate, drum, or wheel with the units
discs figured as follows:-With three sets of discs the figures are as for
ordinary consecutive numbering. When six sets of discs are used the
units disc (having ten figures each) of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd sets of
discs are figured 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and the 4th, 5th, and 6th sets
The units disc moves the
of discs are figured 2, 4, 6, 8, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0.
tens after printing the figure 9 in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd sets, and after the
figure 8 in the 4th, 5th, and 6th sets of discs.
When nine sets of discs are used on a face plate or wheel for triplicate
numbering, the units disc of each set has ten figures, as follows, 1, 4, 7,
0, 3, 6, 9, 2, 5, 8, and the tens disc is moved the first movement after
printing the figures 7, 8, and 9; and in commencing to number, the
first three sets of discs are set at the figure 1, the second three sets of
discs are set at the figure 2, and the third three sets of discs are set at
the figure 3.
I also accomplish triplicate numbering by ten sets of discs placed
upon a drum or face plate, the units disc having three, six, nine, or
twelve figures upon it (repeated if more than three figures) in the
following order, viz., the units for the first set 1, 4, 7 ; second set 1, 4,8;
third set 1, 5, 8; fourth set 2, 5, 8; fifth set 2, 5, 9; sixth set 2, 6,
seventh set 3, 6, 9; eighth set 3, 6, 0; ninth set 3, 7, 0; and tenth
set 4, 7,
0.
9 ;
The units disc moves the tens disc at the first movement after
printing the figures named, as follows, viz., in the first, ninth, and tenth

page_text: set of discs at the figure 7, in the second, third, and fourth at the
figure 8, in the fifth, sixth, and seventh at the figure 9, and in the
eighth set of discs at the figure 6.
Thirdly. My Invention consists in arranging the sets of discs, when
used singly, so as to be mounted on an axis with a small amount of
excentricity (the axis of the discs being parallel to the axis of rotation)
and my Invention also consists in combining to work together several
sets of discs, each on a separate axis of rotation, so as to print upon the
same strip or roll of paper or other material as it passes round or partly
round the same, or a separate impression cylinder or cylinders, either
numbers in consecutive, duplicate, or triplicate, or so on, order, or series;
and the discs are or may be arranged so that one will print, if three
sets are used, say, Nos. 1, 4, 7, 10, and so on, (every third number)
and another, Nos. 2, 5, 8, 11, and so on, and another, Nos. 3, 6, 9, 12,
and so on, as well as duplicate and other numbers in the same manner.
By this means several numbers can be consecutively printed on the
length of strip or roll in the space between the numbers printed by one
set of discs, and thus shorter documents may be made with sets of discs
of comparatively large circumference, and the numbers can be arranged
to come on any required part of the lengthway of the roll or strip being
printed.
When two, three, or more sets of discs are employed as above described
under the third head of my Invention, the units discs are moved two
figures at a time when two sets of discs are employed, thrce figures at
a time when three sets of discs are employed and so on, but the units
disc nced only be moved one figure at a time, if the figures are arranged in
the following order, viz., for numbering consecutively with two sets
of discs, the units disc of one set is figured 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and
the other 2, 4, 6, 8, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0, and the tens disc is moved twice
during each revolution of the units disc, that is, during that movement
which takes place immediately after printing the figure 9 by one
set of discs, and after printing the figure 8 by the other set of discs.
When three sets of discs are used for consecutive printing the units discs
are figured as follows:-1, 4, 7, 0, 3, 6, 9, 2, 5, 8, and in starting to
number one set of discs is set at 1, the next at 2, and the next at 3.
The units disc of each set is arranged in this case to move the tens disc
when the movement takes place immediately after printing the figures 7,
8. and 9.

page_text: In numbering consecutively with four sets or discs, each set rotating
on a separate axis, the units disc of the first and third set of discs is
figured in the following-order:-1, 5, 9, 3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 3, 7, and the units
disc of the second and fourth sets of discs is figured 2, 6, 0, 4, 8, 2, 6, 0,
4,8, and in commencing to number, the first set of discs is set at the
figure 1, the second set at the figure 2, the third set of discs at the
figure 3, and the fourth set of discs at the figure 4, and the units disc of
each set of discs is arranged to move the tens disc in the first and third
set of discs at that movement taking place after printing the figures 7
and 9, and for the second and fourth set of discs after printing the
figures 6 and 8.
Duplicate or triplicate and so on numbering when the impressions are
printed in the same line simultaneously or thereabouts is accomplished
by two or more sets of discs arranged side by side to revolve on the same
axis or shaft, cach set of discs in a different rotating plane, the figures of
each set of discs being arranged the same as for consecutive numbering
by a single set of discs.
The Figures on Sheet 1 illustrate the improvements forming the first
part of my Invention.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation; Fig, 2, a back clevation; and Fig. 3, a
plan view of the machine.
The other Figures on Sheet 1 shew more clearly the construction of
the details, and will be referred to in course of the following explana-
tion: The machine illustrated by the Drawings is intended to operato
upon narrow strips or webs of paper or other material, but it is obvious
that machines may be constructed to operate upon wide webs of paper
or other material upon the same principle, and instead of the shafts
being carried on one side frame only as illustrated by the Drawings, two
side frames may be used one upon each side of the operating parts,
suitable bearings being formed for each shaft in both side frames,
especially when the machine is intended to operate upon wide webs of
material. A is the side frame or plate upon which the mechanism and
operating parts are mounted; a is the drum upon which the type or
stereotype or subject matter for the front impression is mounted;
b and c are the first and second impression drums covered with "blanket,"
india-rubber, or other suitable material as well understood, and d is an
intermediate drum covered with india-rubber or other elastic material

page_text: for the perforating drum e to act against; f is the drum for the type,
stereotype, or subject matter for the back impression, and this drum acts
against the second impression cylinder (c); g is the face plate which carries
the sets of discs that imprint the numbers in passing the front impression
cylinder (b). The two subject matter drums a and fare each mounted 5
in a bearing which is arranged to slide in the frame and to be adjusted
by a screw, the arrangement of such slide screw and drum in each case
is illustrated in reference to the drum a, Fig. 4, which is a detached
section on the line 1-1, Fig. 1, where A is part of the frame; a³ is a
slide fitted in a slot in the frame. In the slide a hole is formed as a 1
bearing for the shaft a¹ which has a collar a³ at that end of the shaft at
the back, and the drum (a) and its connected driving wheel a' is secured
on the shaft by a key, and (the wood to which the sterotype is secured
by screws) is secured to the drum by a washer and a screw a³ at the
front end of the shaft a¹. The adjusting screw a screws through the 1
frame part (A), and its end passes into a hole in the slide a³, and has a
collar a fixed to it, as shown.
Fig. 5 is a section upon the line 2-2, Fig. 1, showing the con-
struction and mode of securing the impression drums b and c, and the
drum & to their respective shafts, illustrated in reference to the drum b. 2
b is the shaft, to which the drum is keyed, and 63 is the elastic material
secured by a washer b³ in front by the screw at the front end of the
shaft . The shafts for the drums b, c, d, and c work in fixed bearings
in the frame A.
e
Fig. 6 is a detached section on the line 3-3, Fig. 1, showing the
mode of mounting the face plate g for the numbering discs, and its
driving wheel g³ upon the shaft 9. The face plate 9 and wheel are
keyed upon the front end of the shaft g', which is mounted in a sliding
bearing g³ adjusted by a screw g* arranged as described in reference to
Fig. 4. The perforating drum (e) is secured by a pin or key upon the
end of a shaft e¹, as shown by Fig. 7, a section on line 4-4, Fig. 1, the
shaft (e) working in a stationary bearing in the frame plate A.
The machine may be driven by a handle x, as shown in Figs. 1, 2,
and 3, or by a belt working in the ordinary manner upon fast and loose
pulleys upon the shaft b¹ when the machine is to be driven by steam or
other power. The shafts c', d', and e' of the drums c, d, and e are all in
geer with each other, and with a wheel b³ on the shaft b¹ of the drum b,

page_text: these wheels c, d, and being at the back of the frame plate A, as
shown. The subject matter drums a and f, and the face plate g, are
geered together by wheels on the shafts a', f¹, and g' in front of the
frame plate A. A wheel on the shaft (6¹) of the drum b geers with a
wheel on the shaft a¹ of the drum c, also with a wheel on the shaft g¹
for the face plate g, and may also geer with a wheel on the shaft c¹ of
the drum c, which latter wheel geers with a wheel on the shaft ƒ¹ upon
these whiceis c², a², and being at the back of a manic plave ag as
shown. The subject matter drums a and f, and the face plate g, are
geered together by wheels on the shafts a¹, f¹, and g' in front of the
frame plate A. A wheel on the shaft (6¹) of the drum b geers with a
wheel on the shaft a¹ of the drum c, also with a wheel on the shaft g¹
for the face plate g, and may also geer with a wheel on the shaft c¹ of
the drum c, which latter wheel geers with a wheel on the shaft ƒ¹ upon
or connected with the drum f
The two subject matter drums a and f and the Figures of the
numbering discs are each inked by a similar arrangement of rollers,
except that the apparatus for the front subject matter cylinder has an
additional transmitting roller.
The construction and mode of mounting and driving the inking
rollers is illustrated by reference to, Fig. 8 a detached section in the
line 5-5, Fig. 1. The inking roller * is secured upon the long boss
of the wheel, which rotates upon a stud secured in the frame plate.
One of the inking rollers (7") of each set is constructed as shown by
Fig. 9, a detached section upon the line 6-6, Fig. 1. In the boss of
this wheel or roller there is a cam slot, in which the end of a pin k
enters, secured to the frame, so that as the roller revolves it is moved
to and fro endways at the same time to distribute the ink laterally.
Each set of inking apparatus consists of a cistern / for ink, in which a
roller rotates so as to take the ink upon its surface, the thickness
of the layer of ink taken by the surface of the roller being regulated by
a bar, which passes the lengthway of the roller, and can be brought
close to its periphery the distance of the bar from the surface of the
roller, and thus the depth of the layer of ink being regulated by the
screw. The roller or rollers h³ are carrying and distributing rollers,
and the rollers ' come in contact with the type. The roller ³ is the
lateral distributing roller, and he is the pin, which enters its cam slot.
The inking rollers geer with each other and with the wheel upon the
drum carrying type to be inked. The inking cistern for the back
impression cylinder has a thin metal cover * over it, as shown, to
protect the web of paper or material operated upon from being smeared
by accident, and matter from the passing web from falling into the ink.
Each set of numerical discs is constructed in a manner similar to
those of the ordinary paging machine, and they are each mounted upon

page_text: a stud, which is secured into the face plate g, as shown in Figs. 1, 3,
and 6.
As illustrated by the Drawings there are supposed to be six rings or
discs for figures, which will number from 1 to 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, but any
required number of rings or discs may be employed. The ratchet for
actuating the rings or discs is secured to the outer disc or ring in
front.
When ten sets of discs are used for consecutive numbering I make
the ten figures of the units disc of each set all of the same figure,
such figure being 1 in first set, 2 in the second set, and so on, the
tenth set being 0. When the figures are thus arranged the ratchet
and the unit and tens ring or disc are secured and move together.
The various modes for engraving the figures for consecutive, dupli-
cate, and triplicate numbering, and so on, have been herein-before
described under the second head of my Invention.
The ten figures are engraved upon the edge of each ring, a line
passing from top to bottom of the figures being at a right angle to the
axis upon which the rings revolve, and the axis of each set of rings or
discs is parallel to the axis of the face plate g which carries them round.
The ratchet wheel g* of each set of rings or discs has ten teeth, and is
actuated to be moved one tooth at each revolution of the face plate y by
a pawl p, which is shown detached by Fig. 10. p' is a stud secured in
the frame plate (A), and the pawl p is placed to oscillate upon the end
of this stud, and is forced towards the teeth of the ratchet by a spring p²,
one end of which is secured to the stud p' and coils round it, the other
end acting upon a projection from the pawl p. The movements of tho
pawl are limited by a stud p³ secured in the frame plate A, the end of
which passes through a slot in the pawl, as shown. The web of paper
or material to be operated upon is wound upon a drum i placed upon a
shaft in a bearing carried by a bracket & secured to the frame plate A,
and friction to resist the unwinding of the roll to give the required
tension to the web is regulated by the screw nut, the end of which
screws against the shaft or a clip on the shaft i¹. The flanges of the
drum are separate, and are screwed together by the wing nut it. The
web on leaving the drum i passes over the roller j placed on a stud in
the frame plate, under a similar roller j¹, between the drums a and b,
where the front impression of subject matter is given, over the drum b,

page_text: the cam allowing this)
The printed, numbered,
and on to the drum k.
and between it and the sets of numbering discs or rings ou g, where the
numbers are impressed, then under the drum c, and between it and the
drumf, where the subject matter is impressed on the back, over
the drum d, and between it and the perforating drum e, which carries
T pieces e having rows of points; these T pieces being forced outwards
by the cam e³ formed on the end of a bent stud et coming into the centre
of the drum e, the bent stud being secured in the frame plate A, as
shown in Fig. 7, the spring e upon the stem of each T piece with-
drawing the points from the web (the shape of
after cach row of perforations have been made.
and perforated web passes under the roller
The end of the web is first secured to the drum k by being passed round
a pin, which passes through the boss of the front flange of the drum
and across its width. The flange of one side of the drum is formed with
a boss, and is separated from the other flange of the drum, to which it
is secured by a wing screw nut k upon the end of the drum shaft k¹, as
shown, the other flange of the drum being connected with the driving
shaft by a pin or key. The shaft /¹ rotates in a bearing, which can be
slided to and fro in a slot formed in a bracket * secured to the frame
plate A, and this shaft has a pulley k upon it, which is driven by an
endless cord working upon a pulley 6 keyed upon the first motion
shaft b. By means of the screw the tightness of the endless band k
upon the pulleys can be regulated. The sizes of the pulleys 7 and 66
are such that they give more winding-up speed than is required, but as
the slip of the endless band is regulated by the screw Z³ the web is
wound up sufficiently tight and only as fast as it travels through the
printing and perforating apparatus.
The second part of my Invention, and also so much of the third part
of my Invention as relates to the arrangement of the figures of the
numerical discs and of actuating them, is carried into effect by arranging
the sets of discs and engraving figures upon their rings to accomplish
the objects referred to in the order herein-before described, and by
arranging the spring and pin, or two or more springs and pins, to be
carried, by the units disc to move the tens in each case at the figures
herein-before mentioned.
In some cases there need be only one spring pin in each units disc
(as in ordinary numerical discs), but this spring pin is acted upon by
several separate cam surfaces, there being one cam surface for each time

page_text: '
the units disc is to act upon the tens disc during one revolution of the
units disc, such cam surfaces being placed at those points in the
revolution of the units disc at which its spring pin is to act upon the
tens disc. For instance, in consecutive numbering with five sets of
discs, or duplicate numbering with ten sets of discs, or triplicate
numbering with fifteen set of discs, when the units disc of one set is
numbered 1 and 6 alternately, and 2 and 7 alternately, and so on, there
are five cam surfaces and a space between each cam surface, so that the
spring pin of the units disc is acted upon every alternate movement of
the units disc to move the tens disc.
In numbering in consecutive order with two sets, duplicate order with
four sets, and triplicate order with six sets of discs, when the units
discs of the set or sets having odd figures are numbered 1, 3, 5, 7, 9,
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and the units disc of the set or sets of discs having even
figures are numbered 2, 4, 6, 8, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0, one spring pin [may be
used and two cam surfaces.
For consecutive numbering with four sets of discs with the units disc
of the sets of discs with odd figures, viz., 1, 5, 9, 3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 3, 7, and
the units discs of the sets of discs having even figures, viz., 2, 6, 0, 4, 8,
2, 6, 0, 4, 8, one spring pin only may be used with two cam surfaces.
But in using sets of discs with the units disc numbered with odd and
even figures, viz., 1, 4, 7, 0, 3, 6, 9, 2, 5, 8, three pins must be used in
each units disc, all actuated by passing one cam surface.
The manner of carrying the third part of my Invention into effect is
illustrated by the Figures on Sheet 2.
Fig. 11 is a front elevation and Fig. 12 is a plan view of a machine
according to the third part of my Invention, and Fig. 13 is a front view
and Fig. 14 a longitudinal section, and Fig. 15 a cross section of parts
detached herein-after described. i is the drum for the web of paper or
other material to be printed; j, guide roller, under which the paper a
passes before going to the subject matter drum a; a¹, shaft for same;
b, large impression drum, and b¹ its shaft; c¹, shaft, and c second
impression drum; d, shaft, and d elastic-surfaced drum for perforating
drum e to act against; f¹, shaft, and f drum for back subject matter;
, shaft, screw, and k drum for winding up the printing and per- 3
forating web, and h, cistern; h, ³, and ', inking rollers, and 75,
lateral distributing inking roller. All the parts above referred to, from

page_text: the drum i to the last-named roller, are constructed, mounted, and
arranged substantially as herein-before explained under the first head of
my Invention, except where modified as hercin-after described.
The axis of the drums a, b, e, f, and are each fitted to rotate in a
bearing formed in an excentric fitted in the frame plate, and the axis of
the drums for the numerical discs are arranged in like manner. The
excentrics for these bearings are cach formed at one end with six sides
so as to be turned when adjustment is required by a screw key, and are
secured when adjusted in each case by a set screw. The oxcentrics are
marked a³, b³, e³, f³, and ³, respectively, and their set screws aº, 6º,
e, f, and respectively.
Three sets of numerical discs carried by drums are shown, but one,
two, or more may be used. The axis upon which the numerical discs
rotate are placed parallel but excentric to the axis by which they are
carried round for printing. Fig. 13 is an end view; Fig. 14, a longi-
tudinal section; and Fig. 15, a cross section showing the arrangement
of one set of numerical discs. The discs 9* are placed on an axis in the
cavity of a drum 7, so that the line of figures to be printed will come in
a line with the periphery of the drum l. The drum has a shaft A
which fits a hollow shaft that has the driving wheel upon one end,
and the drum and wheel are secured together by a screw at the
end of the shaft (1), which screws against a washer (1) at the end of the
hollow shaft (2). By means of the screw a cone formed upon the
drum is drawn tightly into a cone cavity formed into the wheel P.
By this arrangement the drum 1 can be readily turned round to adjust
it exactly as required without ungearing the wheel P. This arrange-
ment for adjustment is also used for the two subject matter cylinders a
and ƒ and for the perforating drum e, except that the hollow shaft in
that case does not pass through the bearings. The ratchet wheel g* for
cach set of numerical discs is actuated by a pawl m jointed upon a
frame n secured to the frame plate A.
One half of the end of the pawl m
is shaped like an ordinary pawl to enter ratchet teeth; the other half is
rounded to rest against the outer edge of the drum 1, which is shaped to
act as a cam; a spring m¹ secured to the frame n and acting upon a tail
from the pawl keeps the round half of the end of the pawl against the
cam surface, which is shaped to allow the ratchet half of the pawl to
approach and take hold of and turn the ratchet one or more teeth as
required, and then to withdraw it from the ratchet. The periphery of
R

page_text: the drum or partial drum is either not cylindrical or if a perfect circle
is not concentric with the axis of rotation, but is either of smaller radius
than the line in which the figures print, or is of smaller radius, and
excentric or of cam-like shape, so that no part of the drum surface
except the outside rings at the printing line will touch the impression
drum 6 when rotating.
"
It will be seen in Fig. 11 that the third numerical drum is supposed
to be printing, and is shown in contact with the impression drum b, but
the first and second numerical drums do not touch the impression drum,
as they are not supposed to be printing at the same time as the third
numerical drum. The figures of the discs carried by the numerical
drums are supposed to be inked by a roller ', which rests upon the
numerical drum l. The middle part of the roller / receives the ink,
which is distributed evenly by contact with the middle portion of the
drum 7, the entire circumference of the middle part of which acts as a
distributing surface, except that segment which is cut away to make
room for the numerical discs g³. There are grooves cut in the numerical
drums and the inking rollers ", as shown in Figs. 13 and 14, which
grooves prevent the ink from accidentally spreading to the side on each
side of the middle parts of the drums and rollers. The inking rollers W
are carried by resting upon the surface of the drum 7, but where this is
cut away the two end parts of the rollers rest upon the ring of the drum
at each side of the numerical discs g³, as shown, the surface of which is
made slightly below the surface of the figures to be inked, so that the
inking surface of the roller will come fully in contact with the figures
when they pass the inking rollers. The inking rollers, as shown, rotate
in slotted bearings in the frame n, and are supposed to be rotated by
frictional contact with the drum and its end rings, but to make the
driving positive the rollers may be geered same as the inking rollers for
the subject matter drums.
The ink is conveyed to the numerical drums and rollers from a
cistern h*, shown in Fig. 11, but which is not shown in plan Fig. 12.
This cistern is fixed on the framing, as shown, and the ink is conveyed
from the roller ¹ by the roller ² to a roller h³, which inks the figures,
and also inks the drum surface that gives it to the intermediate rollers /³
placed between the drums, which rollers ink the figures of the drums (1)
with which they are in contact, and transmit the ink from such drums
and to their rollers .

page_text: Tho distributing surface of the drums / may be dispensed with, and
the inking rollers may rotate in bearings or upon studs, and the ink
may be conveyed to the inking rollers shown in Fig. 11 by intermediate
rollers, or a separate inking cistern and carrying rollers may be used for
each numerical drum:
With one numerical drum in use consecutive numbers or consecutive
series of numbers with numbers omitted, such as 1, 3, 5, and 7, or 1, 4, 7,
and 10, and so on, may be printed at each rotation upon each length of
web equal to the circumference in which the surface of the printing line
of figures rotate, and with two numerical drums (7) in use duplicate
numbers may be printed, and with three numerical drums triplicato
numbers, and so on, may be repeated within the length of web above
mentioned; but in the same length of web above mentioned two, three,
or more consecutive numbers may be printed, and in duplicate or
triplicate, according to the number of numerical drums employed giving
their impression upon any desired part of the lengthway of the web
being printed.
As shown by Figs. 11 and 12 the three numerical drums are supposed
to be printing consecutive numbers, three numbers in a length of web
equal to the circumference described by the face of the printing line of
figures at cach rotation of the drum (2), which length may thus be
formed into three separate tickets or documents, which may be made as
small as desired by using a sufficient number of numerical drums, which
need not be of small diameter. As shown in Fig. 11 the third numerical
drum (that furthest from the entering side of the web being printed) is
supposed to be in the act of printing, and by the time this drum is
advanced one-third of a revolution the second drum 2 will be in the act
of printing, and by the time the second third of a revolution of the third
drum has been completed the first will have printed, and in completion
of the revolution of the third drum (1) it will print again. The third
drum (2) prints 1, 4, 7, and so on, the second 2, 5, 8, and so on, and the
first 3, 6, 9, and so on. The axis of each. numerical drum rotates in a
bearing formed in an excentric 1³, as described in reference to the drums a
and f; by partly rotating this excentric bearing the figures may be
made to press more or less upon the web passing over the impression
drum b, or the numerical drum may when required be withdrawn clear
of the impression drum b, which can also be withdrawn from all the
numerical drums at the same time, if required.

page_text: Instead of rotating excentric bearings sliding bearings with screw
adjustment may be used if desired. The studs for the inking rollers for
cach subject matter cylinder and the ink cistern may also be secured to
or upon or in a plate or bracket, which may be secured so as to be
adjustable to the frame plate A by a bolt or bolts passing through a holo
or slot in the frame plate. The perforating drum e is formed with a
hollow centre, and with radiating slots for thin picces e² of stecl (one in
each slot), with the outer ends formed into teeth, and their inner ends
to come against a cam stud e¹, and with projections at each side to come
into cam grooves. The groove is formed on one side in a collar e* upon
the stud e', and for the other side into a groove formed between tho
stud e¹ and a disc e', with a projecting boss secured upon a square upon
the end of the stud e¹ by a screw e', as shown. The stud passes through
the excentric bearing e³, and is secured to it by a screw nut e', and thus
remains stationary, while the drum e rotates round the stud e¹ and the
cam or excentric shaped body of the stud pushes the ends of the slides
outward when the perforators are coming towards the drum d, against
which they act, and the cam grooves draw the perforators inwards. The
disc keeps the perforators e³ in their places in the drum e.
fast and loose driving pulleys for driving the machine by a belt; 6ª is a
pulley upon the shaft b¹ for driving by a band the pulley k secured
on the winding up drum shaft ¹ by turning the eccentric bearing k³, of
which the tightness of the band k' may be regulated.
2 are the
The web to be printed passes from the drum i under the guido roller j
between the subject matter drum a, the numerical drums 7, and the
impression drum b, under the impression drum c, and between it and
the second subject matter drum f, over the drum d, and between it and
the perforating drum e, and on to the winding up drum k.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention, and
the mode of carrying the same into effect, and claim as my Invention,―
Firstly. The arranging of two or more sets of numerical discs or rings
upon a face plate or wheel, or upon an axis with the axis of the
numerical discs or rings parallel to the axis of the face plate or wheel
upon which they are carried, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by the Figures upon Sheet One of the Drawings.
Secondly. The arrangement of the bearings of the shafts for the facc
plate or wheel carrying the sots of numbering discs and the subject

page_text: 1
matter drums in slides to be adjusted by screws in the combination and
arrangement of numbering and subject matter printing mechanism, sub-
stantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the Figures 1, 2,
and 3 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination and arrangement of the mochanism for
printing subject matter, numbering, and perforating webs or rolls of
paper or other material, as described and illustrated by the Figures upon
Sheet One of the Drawings.
Fourthly. The novel arrangement of the figures on the sets of num-
bering discs, and the novel arrangements for giving movement from the
units to the tens discs for numbering consecutively in duplicate,
triplicate, and so on, when such sets of discs are carried by a rotating
face plate, drum, or a rotating wheel, with their axis either parallel to
or at right angles to the axis of the rotating face plate, drum, or wheel,
substantially as described under the second head of my Invention.
Fifthly. The arranging of one set of numerical discs or rings, or the
arranging and combining of two or more sets of numerical discs or rings,
each carried round upon an axis separately, the axis upon which tho
sets of discs rotate in each case being parallel to the axis upon which
they are carried round, but excentric thereto, substantially as hercin-
before described under the third head of my Invention, and illustrated
by the Figures on Sheet 2 of the Drawings.
Sixthly. The arranging and combining of the numerical discs with
the drum and the inking arrangements, and the arrangements for
adjusting and securing the drums to the wheels, substantially as herein-
before described and as illustrated by the Drawings.
Seventhly. The arrangement of the drums a, b, e, f, and k, in excentric
bearings to allow of adjustment, substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Eighthly. The mode of giving motion to the ratchets of the numerical
discs by pawls actuated by a cam surface, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the Figures upon Sheet 2 of the
Drawings.
Ninthly. The construction of a perforating drum with a double-acting
cam to both push out and withdraw the perforators, substantially as
herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.

page_text: Tenthly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for printing
subject matter and numbers and perforating, as described under the
third part of my Invention, and as illustrated by the Figures on Sheet 2
of the Drawings.
Eleventhly. The novel mode of engraving or forming the figures upon
the numerical discs in the order, and the actuation of the tens disc by
the units disc for consecutive duplicate printing, and so on, as described
under the third head of my Invention.
Twelfthly. The combination of two or more sets of discs side by side
with their axis in the same line or parallel to each other, and also parallel:
to the axis by which they are carried round to print, each set of discs
rotating in a different plane for duplicate, triplicate, or other numbering,
substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elijah Beech, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
ELIJAH BEECH. (L.S.)