IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Pieper, of Dresden, Saxony, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES." A communication from Gustav
Herman Thiele, residing at St. Petersburg, Russia.
Sealed the 4th May 1877, and dated the 18th December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Pieper at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1876.
CARL PIEPER, Dresden, Saxony. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
A communication from Gustav Herman Thiele, a person resident at St. Petersburg,
Russia.
The sewing machine invented by me combines new and particular features of
superiority with the advantages of the Howe and Singer machine, viz., the elegant
seam of the first and the power of the latter, without showing the deficiencies of the
ordinary sewing machines; and all kinds of heavy and light work can easily be
performed on it by employing much less power than any other machine (Singer's
especially) requires.
My machine consists in an upper and lower part of cast iron, formed of a bracket,
a bed, a fly wheel, a horizontal shaft, and a vertical one in connection with the
former by a bevelled gear. On the end of the horizontal shaft an eccentrical disk is
fixed, a groove in which moves a small pulley of a lever up and down, thereby
pushing the needle carrier to and fro.
At the end of the vertical shaft a horizontal eccentric is fixed. The shuttle
carrier, having its fulcrum outside of this eccentric, is held in position at the under
side of the bed plate by a screw. A small running sheave turning on a bolt of the
shuttle carrier fits exactly into the groove of the eccentric, by the revolution of
which the shuttle carrier will consequently be moved to and fro without any noise.
The shuttle of my machine containing the lower thread, especially with strong
thread, can be made of a size never known before. My feeding apparatus too is
constructed in a new method, and glides to and fro nearly without any friction.
The feed bar and the lifting bar induce the cloth to advance by means of a convex
eccentric.

page_text: The length of stitch is regulated in machine No. 1 by a screw, which by its more
or less advanced position enables the feed bar to make more or less way.
In the machine No. 3 the feeding is obtained by means of a wheel in another
improved way. The wheel is composed of three parts, a cross piece, bolt, and a
ratchet lever. The cross piece presses against the inner surface of the crown of said
wheel, while the ratchet lever acts upon the outer surface. The feeding lever is
lifted up by an eccentric, and acting indirectly upon the ratchet lever, presses it
upwards, thereby producing a progress in the turning of the feeding wheel. A
spring that can be tightened by a screw prevents the turning back of the wheel.
The characteristic advantages of my machine in comparison to the ordinary
systems are the following:-
1. The simple construction of the mechanisme, allowing even a man of little expe-
rience to take the machine easily to pieces for the purpose of cleaning it.
2. The durability of the machine, resulting from the simple construction and the
insignificant wear of the different parts, so that,-
3. They need be repaired very seldom, and these small repairs can easily be made
by people non-experienced in the arts.
4. The great and manyfold faculty of the machine, which I manufacture in 3
different sizes, viz., No. 1, for the sewing of linen and family purposes; No. 2, for
shoemakers, heavy tailoring, and for purposes of ordinary manufacture; No. 3, for
military purposes, leather work, and carriage trimining.
5. The easy, quick, and nearly noiseless motion of the machine, while performing
the heaviest leather work of all kinds (machine No. 3) without wearying the
operator, even when working a long time.
6. The health of the operator is less in jeopardy as when acting on any other
machine.
7. The two parts of the machine having the strongest friction to endure are so
T
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Carl Pieper in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th June 1877.
CARL PIEPER, of Dresden, Saxony. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES." A
communication from Gustave Hermann Thiele, of Oschatz, Saxony.
The sewing machine invented by me combines new and particular features of
superiority with the advantages of the Howe and Singer machine, viz., the elegant
seam of the first and the power of the latter, without showing the deficiencies of the
ordinary sewing machines; and all kinds of heavy and light work can easily be
performed on it by employing much less power than any other machine (Singer's
especially) requires.
My machine consists in an upper and lower part of cast iron, Fig. 4, formed of a
bracket A, a bed B, a fly wheel C, a horizontal shaft D, and a vertical one E, being
connected by a beveled gear. On the end of the horizontal shaft an excentrical
disk F is fixed, a groove a in which moves a small pulley b of the lever G up and
down thereby pushing the needle carrier H to and fro, and giving it a play of the
double length of the pulley b. The excentrical disk F and the lever G form an
essential part of my Invention, as I am able to regulate the play of the needle by
means of the groove in the disk perfectly at will, adapted to any size of shuttle,
without weakening the power of the machine.
The
At the end of the vertical shaft E a horizontal eccentric I is fixed at c.
shuttle carrier K, having its fulcrum outside of the eccentric I, is held in position at
the under side of the bed plate by the screw e at d. At fa small running sheave
turning on the bolt g is secured to the shuttle carrier, and fits exactly into the
groove of the eccentric I, by the revolution of which the shuttle carrier will conse-
quently be inoved to and fro without any noise.

page_text: The machine No. 3, as the one carried out on the largest scale, is provided with
an auxiliary lever M, connected to the shuttle carrier as Fig. III. represents. The
motion of this kind of machine is the same as that of Fig. I., but care should be
taken that the groove in the eccentric be made in accordance to the size of shuttle
for every shuttle carrier.
This is another preference of my machine compared to others being known and
now in use; the shuttle containing the lower thread, especially with strong thread,
can be made of a size never known before. My feeding apparatus too is constructed
in a new method, and glides to and fro nearly without any friction.
The feed bar N and the lifting bar O, Fig. I., induce the cloth to advance by
means of the convex eccentric on the disk I.
The length of stitch is regulated in machine No. 1 by the knob P, Fig. II., carrying
a little bolt Q, lying with its T head between the lever R under and the lever N
upon i. According to the more or less advanced position of the knob P the head
of the little bolt Q sliding between the levers R and N will change its position, and
give more way to the feed bar 6 when approaching the fulcrum of N, and less way
when approaching to the fulcrum of the lever R.
In the machine No. 3 the feeding is obtained by means of a wheel S, Fig. III.,
IV., and V., in another improved way. The wheel is composed of 3 parts, a cross
piece m, bolt n, and a ratchet lever o. The cross piece presses against the inner
surface of the crown of said wheel, while the ratchet lever acts upon the outer
surface. The feeding lever T presses with the end p on the eccentric q, and the
lever is lifted up by the eccentric, thereby producing an oscillation of the lever at r,
and pushing on the rod U and the ratchet lever, being connected therewith. By
this oscillation the ratchet lever will be pressed upwards, and will be pushed on as
far as the bush t is screwed on the rod higher up or lower down respectively.
The spring u, that can be tightened by the screw v, prevents the turning back of
the wheel.
The characteristic advantages of my machine in comparison to the ordinary
systems are the following:-
1. The simple construction of the mechanisme, allowing even a man of little expe-
rience to take the machine easily to pieces for the purpose of cleaning it.
2. The durability of the machine, resulting from the simple construction and the
insignificant wear of the different parts, so that,-
3. They need be repaired very seldom, and these small repairs can easily be made
by people non-experienced in the arts.
4. The great and manyfold faculty of the machine, which I manufacture in 3
different sizes, viz., No. 1, for the sewing of linen and family purposes; No. 2, for
shoemakers, heavy tailoring, and for purposes of ordinary manufacture; No. 3, for
military purposes, leather work, and carriage trimming.
5. The easy, quick, and nearly noiseless motion of the machine, while performing
the heaviest leather work of all kinds (machine No. 3) without wearying the
operator, even when working a long time.
6. The health of the operator is less in jeopardy as when acting on any other
machine.
7. The two parts of the machine having the strongest friction to endure are so
made as to form an oil reservoir, whereby I obtain an economy of oil of at
least 80%
°'
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of carrying it out into practical effect, I would observe what I consider to
be novel and original and therefore claim as my Invention,-
1. The improved method of transferring motion to the needle carrier and needle
by means of the eccentric F, groove a, and especially the lever G, substantially as
described in the foregoing Specification and as represented by the Drawing for and
to the purpose specified.
2. The disposition of the shuttle carrier K, having its fulcrum outside of the hori-
zontal eccentric I, receiving motion from the said eccentric by means of a groove

page_text: directly, or by means of an auxiliary lever M, as described and specified, whereby I
am enabled to give the shuttle a nearly straight lined motion and a size never
known before.
3. My improved feeding apparatus, both with reference to the machine No. 1
with the knob P and bolt Q, variing the length of the acting levers by shifting the
knob P, as herein-before specified, and with reference to the machine No. 3, com-
posed of the wheel S, the cross piece m, bolt n, and the ratchet lever o, receiving
motion from the feeding lever T in the above described manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Carl Pieper, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand 1
eight hundred and seventy-seven.