IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING APPARATUS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Boyd, Engineer and Machine Maker, John
McPherson, Manufacturer, Thomas Knox Kerr, Manufacturer, and
John Taylor, Mechanic, all of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING APPARATUS."
Sealed the 12th March 1867, and dated the 14th September 1800.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Boyd, John
McPherson, Thomas Knox Kerr, and John Taylor at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 14th September
1866.
We, JOHN BOYD, Engineer and Machine Maker, Jons MCPHERSON,
Manufacturer, THOMAS KNOX KERR, Manufacturer, and JOHN TAYLOR,
Mechanic, all of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING
APPARATUS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction and action of
winding apparatus, and consists principally in providing for the automatic
separation of the spindle from the pirn on the latter becoming full, whereby
the winding action is stopped in a better and more convenient way than in
arrangements hitherto in use.
The improvements are applicable in practice under various modications, in
one of which the winding spindles arranged for winding thread or yarn from
reels or bobbins upon pirns are disposed horizontally or with a slight incli-
nation with their pirn ends directed outwards. Each spindle is driven by a
cord from a drum below by means of a grooved wharve or pulley set in
bearings, the wharve is formed with a square eye and a square part of the
[Price 8d.]

page_text: spindle passes through it, the spindle being thereby rendered capable of
moving longitudinally whilst being turned by the wharve. The yarn or
thread is built up on the pirn in conical layers by well-known means, being
compressed by stationary hollow cones or cups, which cause the pirns and
spindles to gradually recede inwards as the pirn fills.. On any convenient
part of the spindle a projection is formed to act on and be acted on by a
weighted or spring claw. The projection is in the form of two cones placed
base to base, or in that of a cylindrical part terminating in a cone or inclined
part, and as the pirn approaches the end of its inward movement the pro-
jection lifts or keeps up the claw, but the moment the claw gets over the
ridge its weight or spring pressure causes it to move down the front inclined
or conical part of the projection, in doing which it carries the spindle a little
further inwards, detaching or separating it from the pirn. The pirn remains
in the cup free to be removed by the worker. The incline may be upon the
claw instead of the spindle.
In another modification the spindle and its driving wharve or pulley are
arranged as described in the Provisional Specification of an Invention for
which John Boyd, one of the present applicants, applied for Letters Patent on
the 4th August 1866 (No. 2013). An incline is formed on the side of the
longitudinal opening, slot, or groove in the wharve piece at the part at which
the pin on the spindle arrives on the pirn becoming full, and this incline then
causes the spindle to recede still further inwards, and to become thereby
separated or detached from the pirn. The groove with its incline may be on
a spindle within a tubular piece having a pin working in the groove, and such
spindle may be either the winding spindle or a spindle fixed to the wharve
whilst the tubular part is fixed to the winding spindle. The part of the slot
or groove which acts on the pin whilst the pirn is filling may be made with a
slight helical twist reversed as regards the incline, so as to slightly resist the
backward movement of the pirn, and thus produce on it the requisite pressure
without the aid of an inclined position of the spindle or of weighted pressing
levers.
The detaching of the full spindle from the pirn may be effected in various
other ways, but those herein-before described appear to be preferable on
account of their simplicity and convenience. The weighted or spring claw
used in the first modification may be kept from pressing on the spindle until
the pirn is full by a sliding piece, which is pushed from under it by the
backward movement of the spindle; or the claw or its equivalent may be
actuated by a positive motion derived from the spindle or wharve or other
revolving part, or from the traverse movement; thus a cam or wiper on the

page_text: spindle itself may be brought by the backward motion of the spindle into a
position to act on the back end of a lever, the front end of which is the
detaching claw.
The improvements are applicable with well-known arrangements for driving
the spindle which differ from those herein-before described or indicated.
In arrangements in which the spindle is pressed towards the cup by a
weighted lever the weight may be arranged to change the direction of its
action so as to draw back the spindle, in consequence of change in its position
caused by the inward movement of the spindle; or there may be two weights
or weighted levers one overcoming the other, and pressing the spindle towards
the cup, but getting out of gear on the pirn becoming full, so that the other
weight then draws back the spindle.
The advantages involved in the present Invention may be availed of to a
certain extent without detaching or separating the spindle from the pirn.
Thus if the spindle is connected with the wharve or driving detail so as to be
capable of being thrown out of gear therefrom, as, for example, in the
arrangement described in John Boyd's Provisional Specification herein-
before referred to, then the projection and claw, with the incline, may be
applied to insure the spindles being moved back with certainty into the
position wherein it ceases to be driven when the pirn is full.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Boyd, John McPherson, Thomas Knox Kerr, and John
Taylor in the great Seal Patent Office on the 13th March 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
BOYD, Engineer and Machine Maker, Jonx MCPHERSON, Manufacturer,
THOMAS KNOX KERR, Manufacturer, and JOHN TAYLOR, Mechanic, all of
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Boyd, John McPherson, Thomas Knox Kerr, and John Taylor,
Her special licence that we, the said John Boyd, John McPherson, Thomas
Knox Kerr, and John Taylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Boyd, John McPherson, Thomas Knox
Kerr, and John Taylor, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at

page_text: any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WINDING APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said John Boyd, John McPherson, Thomas Knox Kerr, and John Taylor,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next aud immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Boyd, John McPherson, Thomas
Knox Kerr, and John Taylor, do hereby declare the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement in writing,
reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
Our said Invention relates to improvements in the construction and action
of winding apparatus, and consists principally in providing for the automatic
separation of the spindle from the pirn on the latter becoming full, whereby the
winding action is stopped in a better and more convenient way than in
arrangements hitherto in use.
And in order that our said Invention and the manner of performing the
same may be properly understood we have hereunto appended a Sheet of
explanatory Drawings to be herein-after referred to, and representing examples
of the various modifications of which our improvements are susceptible in
practice. In these Drawings the same reference numerals are used to mark
the same or like parts in all the Figures in which they occur.
One modification embodying our improvements is represented in Figure 1,
which is an end elevation, partly in transverse vertical section, of a pirn
winding frame. In this example the winding spindles 1, arranged for winding
thread or yarn 2 from reels 3 (or bobbins) upon pirns 4, are disposed hori-
zontally (or it might be with a slight inclination) with their pirn ends directed
outwards. Each spindle 1 is driven by a cord 5 from a drum 6 below by
means of a grooved wharve or pulley 7 set in bearings S upon a longitudinal
frame bar 9. The wharve 7 is formed with a square eye, and a square part of
the spindle 1 passes through it, the spindle being thereby rendered capable of
moving longitudinally whilst being turned by the wharve. The yarn or thread 2
is built up on the pirn 4 in couical layers by well-known means, being

page_text: compressed by stationary hollow cones or cups 10,which cause thepirn 4 and
spindle 1 to.gradually recede inwards as the pirn fills. The traverse move-
ment for laying the yarn is represented as similar to that shown and described
in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to John Boyd, one of the
present Patentees, and dated 4 August 1866 (No. 2013). On the front end
(or on any other convenient part) of the spindle 1 a projection 11 is formed
or fixed to act on and be acted on by a weighted (or spring) claw 12. The
weighted claws 12 for the several spindles have their centres on bearings on a
longitudinal frame bar 13. The projection 11 on the spindle is in the form
of two cones placed base to base, or it might be in that of a cylindrical part
terminating in a cone or inclined part; and as the pirn 4 approaches the end
of its inward movement the projection 11 lifts the claw 12, but the moment
the claw gets over the ridge its weight (or spring pressure) causes it to move
down the front inclined or conical part of the projection 11, in doing which
it carries the spindle 1 a little further inwards,detaching or separating it from
the pirn 4. The pirn 4 remains in the cup 10, the front of the claw 12 pre-
venting it from being drawn back by the spindle 1. The inclines may be
upon the claw 12 instead of the spindle, the latter being in that case formed
with a simple collar. The worker removes the full pirn, substitutes an empty
one, and draws forward the spindle to the pirn, the projection 11 being
convenient for moving it by.
In another modification, which is shown in plan in Figure 2 and in
sectional side view in Figure 3, the spindle 1 and its driving wharve or
pulley 7 are arranged as described in.John Boyd's Specification herein-before
referred to; an incline is formed on each side of the longitudinal opening, slot,
or groove in the wharve piece 14 at the part at which the pin on the spindle
arrives on the pirn 4 becoming full, and this incline then causes the spindle 1
to recede still further inwards, and to become thereby separated or detached
trom the pirn 4, aud the pirn is preveated from being drawn back by the
spindle 1, by coming into contact with a stop 15 fixed to the frame bar.
The groove with its incline may be on a spindle within a tubular piece having
a pin working in the groove and such spindle may be either the winding
spindle (1) or a spindle fixed to the wharve 7, whilst the tubular part is fixed
to the winding spindle. The part of the slot or groove which acts on the pin
whilst the pirn is filling may be made with a slight helical twist reversed as
regards the incline, so as to slightly resist the backward movement of the
pirn 4, and. thus produce on it the requisite pressure without the aid of an
inclined position of the spindle I or of weighted pressing levers; an example
of this modification is shown in Figure 4. The groove is formed in the

page_text: wharve piece 14, which turns in the direction of the arrow, and the front part
of the groove has a slight helical twist disposed to resist the inward pressure
of the spindle, whilst at a point near the wharve the groove is suddenly
inclined the other way, and on the pin reaching that part of the groove the
action is to draw the spindle away from the pirn. The detaching of the
spindle (1) from the full pirn (4) may be effected in various other ways, but
those herein-before described appear to be preferable on account of their
simplicity and convenience. The weighted or spring claw 12 used in the first
modification may be kept from pressing on the spindle until the pirn 4 is full
by a sliding piece, which is pushed from under it by the backward movement
of the spindle 1. A sliding piece 16 acting in this way is shown in Figure 5;
it rests partly on the top of one of the bearings. Or the claw (12) or its
equivalent may be actuated by a positive motion derived from the spindle (1)
or wharve (7), or other revolving part, or from the traverse movement; thus
a cam or wiper on the spindle (1) itself may be brought by the backward
motion of the spindle into a position to act on the back end of a lever, the
front end of which is the detaching claw (12).
Theimprovements are applicable with well-known arrangements for driving
the spindle, which differ from those herein-before described or indicated.
In arrangements in which the spindle 1 is pressed towards the cup 10 by
a weighted lever 17, Figure 1, the weight may be arranged, as shown in
Figure 6, to change the direction of its action, so as to draw back the
spindle 1,in consequence of change in its position caused by the inward move-
iment of the spindle. The lever 17, Figure 6, has its horizontal arm bent
back so as to extend on both sides of the fulcrum as at 18, and the weight 19
is suspended from a pulley arranged to run from one end to the other of the
arm 18. As the spindle 1 gradually moves inwards, in consequence of the
filling of the pirn, the cam 18 becomes inclined, but the weight does not shift
along it until on the pirn becoming quite full it is lifted to the top of a spring
catch 20; it then, however, clears this catch, and running to the other end of
the arm 18 causes the lever 17 to reverse its action and draw the spindle 1
away from the pirn. The lever 17 draws back the spindle 1 by means of a
fork 21 acting on a collar near the back end of the spindle. On the spindle 1
being drawn forward to a fresh pirn the parts return to the positions shown in
Figure 6, the weight 19 passing over the spring stop 20.
There may be two
weights or weighted levers, one overcoming the other, and pressing the
spindle (1) towards the cup (10), but getting out of gear on the pirn becoming
full, so that the other weight then draws back the spindle; or the overcoming
lever may be the one that draws back the spindle, as shown in Figure 7. In

page_text: this example a weighted lever 22 rests on the top of the ordinary pressing
lever 17, and the latter in moving back reaches on the pirn becoming full an
incline on the lever 22, which causes this lever to overcome the forward
pressure of the lever 17, and to force it back from the pirn. The lever 22 is
extended forward from its fulcrum, which is on one of the bearings S, and by
depressing its front end its back end is lifted to allow the lever 17 to return
to its forward position.
The advantages involved in the present Invention may be availed of to a
certain extent without detaching or separating the spindle (1) from the pirn
(4). Thus if the spindle is connected with the wharve 7, or driving detail,
so as to be capable of being thrown out of gear therefrom, as, for example, in
the arrangement described in John Boyd's Specification herein-before referred
to, and as shown according to one modification in Figure 8, then the pro-
jection 11 and claw.12, with the incline, may be applied to insure the spindles
being moved back with certainty into the position wherein it ceases to be
driven when the pirn is full.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we have to state that we do not restrict
ourselves to the precise details herein described or delineated; but that what we
believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention secured to us by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the automatic separation
of the spindle from the pirn in winding machines when the pirn becomes full
by improved means, substantially such as are herein-before described, and the
application of the same means for moving the spindle into a position in which
it ceases to be driven.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Boyd, on behalf of myself and of
the said John McPherson, Thomas Knox Kerr, and John Taylor,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
VIL