IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES AND PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Thomas Newnham, of the City of
Bath, Carriage Builder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CARRIAGES AND PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH.”
Sealed the 12th November 1872, and dated the 14th May 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Thomas
Newnham at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 14th May 1872.
I, BENJAMIN THOMAS NEWNHAM, of the City of Bath, Carriage
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “Im-
PROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES AND PARTS CONNECTED THEREWITH,” to be as fol-
lows:-
The object of the Invention is to obtain a light and at the same
time readily transposable carriage adapted to be used at one time as
, a four-wheel dog cart with case to facilitate the carriage of game, and a
separate compartment for dogs; and at another time with back seats
for occupants to sit thereon vis-a-vis, and also to facilitate the carriage
of luggage.

page_text: when connected to the back of the back seat to form a case for holding
game. These end pieces are formed of openwork to facilitate the
passage of a current of air through the case. The top piece is pro-
vided with overhanging end picces to overlap the end pieces. When
thus arranged the game case is formed between the driving and the
back seats by the backs of these seats being towards each other. Game
slings are hung in the inside of the case.
When the carriage is to be used as a waggonette the front scat will
remain as before, but the top, bottom, and end pieces for forming the
game case will be folded towards the back of the front seat, and will 1
there be locked or fastened. The back of the back scat is then folded
on the top of that seat, and both removed, so as to leave more room
behind the front seat when increased width is given to the side pieces by
flaps or "cricket pieces" on-cach side.
When neither the game case nor the back scats are required the back 1
of the back seat may be folded on to that seat to receive luggage, or
both the back seat and the piece which forms the back of the game
case can be placed on top of the hind part of the body to form a
"lock-up boot."
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Benjamin Thomas Newnham in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 14th November 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BEN-
JAMIN THOMAS NEWNHAM, of the City of Bath, Carriage Builder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Benjamin Thomas Newnham, Her
special license that I, the said Benjamin Thomas Newnham, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Benjamin Thomas Newnham, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES AND IN PARTS CONNECTED
THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Benjamin Thomas Newnham, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Benjamin Thomas Newnham, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :—
The object of the Invention is to obtain a light and at the same time
readily transposable carriage adapted to be used at one time as a four-
wheel dog cart with case to facilitate the carriage of game, and a
separate compartment for dogs; and at another time with back seats for
occupants to sit thereon vis-a-vis, and also to facilitate the carriage of
luggage.
In carrying out my improvements the back of the driving seat is
formed with moveable or hinged top, bottom, and end pieces adapted
when connected to the back of the back seat to form a case for holding
game. These end pieces are formed of openwork to facilitate the
passage of a current of air through the case. The top piece is provided
with overhanging end pieces to overlap the end picces. When thus
arranged the game case is formed between the driving and the back
scats by the backs of these scats being towards each other. Game slings
are hung in the inside of the case.
When the carriage is to be used as a waggonette the front seat will
remain as before, but the top, bottom, and end pieces for forming the
game case will be folded towards the back of the front seat, and will
there be locked or fastened. The back of the back scat is then folded
on the top of that scat, and both removed, so as to leave more room

page_text: behind the front seat when increased width is given to the side pieces
by flaps or "cricket" pieces on each side.
When neither the game case nor the back seats are required the back
of the back seat may be folded on to that seat to receive luggage, or
both the back seat and the piece which forms the back of the game 5
case can be placed on top of the hind part of the body to form a “lock-
up boot."

page_text: The top c is also provided with overhanging pieces c' at the ends to
overlap the pieces e, and thereby aid in carrying off moisture from that
top piece c. The back board f is hinged to another board g, and the
board g to another board h. As the parts are shewn by Figures 1 and 2
> the under side of the back part of the carriage is formed into a close box
or boot i, in which dogs may be kept separately from the game by the
boards g and h acting with the tail board j, or with a moveable heel
guard of wood or openwork when using the tailboard j as a footboard.
If desired however the tailboard j may be hung at an angle by chains,
as indicated by the dotted lines, to serve as a footboard when the
boards g and h will form a back seat, whilst the cushion on the board ƒ
forms a back to that back seat. If a game box is not required then the
top, bottom, and end pieces c, d, and e may be folded back against the
back 6 of the front seat, and there held in that position, as indicated by
Figures 3, 4, and 6, by a thumb nut or other suitable fastening.
When these parts of the game case are thus folded on to the back of the
front seat, or removed therefrom, the back of the back seat may then
be folded on to the top of the parts g and h, as shewn by Figure 3,
or to the back of the part 6; or the parts f, g, and h may be arranged,
as shewn by Figure 4, to form a hind boot or dog box, as before
described, and the upper part of this boot may then be used if desired
for the carriage of luggage.
When the carriage is to be used as a waggonette the parts f, g, and h
may be either turned up against the back of the folded parts of the
game case and the back of the back rest b, or they may be removed.
entirely to leave increased room in the back part of the carriage, and
increased width may also be given to the said pieces k by the use of
extra flaps or cricket pieces, as indicated by the dotted lines 1, Figure 5,
and persons at that back part will sit sideways vis-a-vis. m, m, indicates
a light iron hand rail turning on hinges, so as at one time to lay against
the sides of the carriage and be covered by the lining if desired, and at
another time to serve as a protection against persons slipping off the
back ends of the side seats.
Game cases such as described may also be used with carriages varying
in other respects from that described.
Along each side of the carriage I sometimes apply cases n which are
formed partly by the ordinary wings o used as guards against splashing
the occupants by the mud thrown up by the wheels, partly also by face

page_text: boards o' hinged to the guards o, and by the back rests p to the side
scats, the upper parts p' of which will when turned down form the tops
of these side cases. When these parts p¹are required to be up, as indi-
cated by the dotted lines in Figure 5, they will be held up by the two parts
of their stems being jointed together, and the parts at the joints being
jointed to lock one into the other in one position, or of turning one on
the other when the part p' is slightly raised, as shown by Figures 9, 10,
and 11, or this may be effected by sliding sockets on their stems, or by
other suitable means. When these side boxes are not required the front
part o' may be turned down on the guard o, as indicated by dotted lines 1
in Figure 5, and the part p¹ turned and held up as a back. The ends of
theso sides or wing cases are either moveable or are formed by flaps
applied to the part o.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I 1
claim is, the arranging and combining parts of carriages whereby they
may be readily transposable, so as to be capable of being used at one
time as a four-wheel dog cart with front and back seats for the use of
persons to sit back to back thereon, and a case or compartment for game
or other things, and a separate compartment for dogs or other stowage,
such game case or compartment being capable of being folded or
separated for convenience of room; and whereby such carriages may
be readily adapted to the conveyance of luggage or other matters, or for
the use of persons sitting at the back thereof vis-a-vis, substantially
as described.
Also I claim the arranging and combining parts adapted for use with
carriages as a game case or otherwise, and of being folded or separable
when not in use, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Newnham, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of November, in the
of our Lord One thousand sight hundred and seventy two