Improvements in Fire and other Brick Blocks.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Apr.,
Complete Specification Left. 21st Sept., 1897-Accepted. 20th Nov., 1897
Date of Application, 1st Apr., 1997
Complete Specification Left. 21st Sept. 1897-Accepted. 20th Nov., 1897
Improvements in Fire and other Brick Blocks.
We, JOHN BUNT WILLCOCK 28 Queen's Road Reading Builder, HENRY CURTIS
68 King's Road Reading, Boiler Setter and WILLIAM STOKES 27 Queen's Road
Reading Builder do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to the construction and manufacture of fire and other
brick blocks in sections with their ends so formed as to butt together & preferably
to lock so as to form arches, rings, or segments of rings for constructing or for
closing in sewers, drains, ovens, archways fireproof floors, chimney liners, main
flues & other flues of steam Boilers and other Generators.
JOHN BUNT WILLCOCK.
HENRY CURTIS.
WILLIAM STOKES.
Improvements in Fire and other Brick Blocks.
We, JOHN BUNT WILLCOCK, of 28, Queen's Road, Reading, Builder, HENRY
CURTIS, of 68 King's Road, Reading, Boiler Nett, and WILLIAM STOKES, of
27 Queen's Road, Reading, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
-
Our invention relates to bricks or blocks for use in the formation of arches,
rings, ring segments, and brick, masonry or other work for the construction or
closure of sewers, drains, oven archways, fire proof floors, chimney liners, main
flues, steam boiler flues, Bakers' Ovens and for other purposes where the use of
curved bricks are required for analogous uses.
Our invention consists of, and in the employment as hereinafter described of,
a segmental brick or block for use in the formation of arches, rings, ring segments,
and generally in brick masonry and other building work, where the use of a
centre upon which to form the arch, ring or segment, is obviated, while the bricks
or blocks are locked circumferentially and transversely, and a strong, rigid and
secure structure of arch, ring or segment is effected.
The accompanying drawings illustrate the manner in which the invention is
carried into effect.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an arch formed of a series of two interlocking
segmental bricks of clay or blocks of masonry, this section being taken on the
line a-b, Figure 2, while

page_text: Figure 2 is a plan corresponding thereto.
Figure 3 is a section on the line cd, Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of a sewer pipe, built according to the present
invention, while,
Figure 5 is a corresponding elevation, and
Figure 6 is a corresponding sectional elevation on the line a b, Figure 4.
In carrying our invention into effect in the manufacture of bricks for use in
the formation of an arch, and in the structure of an arch according to the present
invention, we provide a segmental brick A (Figure 1 to 3) having upon its lateral
edge a peripheral rib a, extending slightly from the vertical face, and below the
upper horizontal face of the brick so as to form an intermediate recess a¹, into
which an overlying peripheral edge A¹ of the neighbouring brick is received, so
as to be locked or rigidly held thereupon, and to lie flush upon the upper and the
lower surface with the corresponding surfaces of the brick to which it is applied.
The brick A is likewise provided with an overhanging transverse extremity A²
which is of such a form as to enter a corresponding recess upon the opposite
extremity of the opposed segmental brick B, which brick has provided at its
extremity a rib Bs which engages under the overlying edge A2 of the segmental
brick A, in such a manner that the segmental brick A is locked and retained in
position thereby. A peripheral rib b is provided upon one of the lateral edges
of the segmental brick 13 with an intermediate recess 61. The peripheral rib a,
and the adjacent recess a¹ terminate at a³, while the edge periphery bb is extended
as a plane surface to abut against the edge periphery a a¹ so as to form a tight
joint with each of the bricks in contact. Similarly the peripheral edge A¹ is
provided with a plane undersurface to correspond with the plane extension on
the peripheral edge 6 b¹. For the purpose of forming a perfectly tight and secure
joint cement or other material is laid upon the jointing surfaces and the bricks
rubbed or pressed so that their extremities may bed in close contact one upon
the other. It will therefore be seen that each segmental brick is secured upon
its neighbour laterally and at its extremities. The lower extremities of eacli of
the segmental bricks A and B may be mounted in the adjoining brickwork or
masonry, or other segmental bricks may be employed when it is desired to form
a ring. It will thus be understood that the use of a centre upon which to forin
and build the arch or ring is obviated, and a secure and rigid structure is effected.
In carrying our invention into effect as illustrated in Figures 4 to 6 in the
formation of a sewer or drain pipe in accordance with the present invention we
provide the sewer or drain pipe of a series of locking segmental bricks or blocks,
preferably of three segmental bricks or blocks, the base block H being provided
preferably with a flat bottom surface H¹ upon which the sewer or drain pipe may
rest upon a bed of concrete, or be otherwise laid, while lateral segmental bricks
or blocks I and J may interlock with the respective edges of the base block H
and their opposite extremities interlock with each other. The base block H
is provided near one of its peripheral edges with a recess h into which a corre-
sponding projection h¹, formed upon the opposite peripheral edge of the neighbour-
ing brick may be received while similar recesses i jare provided near the
corresponding peripheral edges of the lateral segmental pieces I J which recesses
serve to embrace and lock projections j¹ formed upon the opposite peripheral
edges of the neighbouring brick, so that thereby the three segmental pieces H, I, J,
embrace the corresponding neighbouring segmental pieces, and form a tight joint.
It will be understood that the opposite peripheral edges of the segmental pieces
are provided with the corresponding projections which enter into the recesses of
the contiguous series of bricks, and consequently only three forms of bricks or
blocks are required to be made for the structure of the sewer or drain pipe. The
transverse edges of the contiguous segmental pieces are provided with engaging
ribs K, with an adjacent recess K¹, so that the contiguous extremities may abut
and interlock as indicated.
For the purpose of forming a perfectly tight and secure joint, cement or other

page_text: material is laid upon the joints to be made, and the pieces rubbed or pressed
so that their extremities may perfectly bed in close contact one upon the other.
It will thus be seen that a sewer or drain pipe may be readily laid, and may be
easily and rapidly constructed according to the present invention, while dispensing
with the use of centres or other expedients for assistance in the formation of the
pipe. In the formation of sewer pipes in a curvature a series of suitably shaped
segment blocks may be provided for the purpose.
It is obvious that we do not limit our invention to the applications illustrated
in the accompanying drawings, for the invention is applicable to all cases where
curved bricks are used for analogous purposes; neither do we limit ourselves to
any particular number, or to the disposition of the bricks as illustrated. in the
accompanying drawings; nor to the employment of the interlocking edges of the
shape illustrated, as engaging edges of other forms can be employed without depart-
ing from the essential features of our invention, although our invention is con-
stituted inter alia in the actual formation of interlocking joints as hereinbefore
described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
we claim is:-
1. Bricks or blocks of masonry or other material having lateral or peripheral
edges and transverse edges as also lateral or peripheral recesses and transverse
recesses oppositely disposed for use in the structure or formation of arches, rings
or segments, substantially as described.
2. The structure or formation of arches, rings, ring segments, and other similar
brick masonry or building work whereby the contiguous bricks are held together
by means of abutting or interlocking peripheral or lateral and transverse edges
and corresponding lateral or peripheral and transverse recesses substantially as
described.
3. Bricks or blocks of masonry or other material substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated in Figure 1, 2 and 3 of the
drawings.
4. The structure or formation of sewers, drain and similar pipes of three inter-
locking segmental bricks or blocks substantially as hereinbefore described.
5. Improvements in bricks or blocks, and in the structure of arches, rings, ring
segments, and brick masonry or other similar work, substantially as hercinbefore
described and also as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 18th day of September 1807.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.