matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGIC LANTERNS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED " WITH THE SAME
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Bentley Woodbury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th October 1876. A communi-
cation from abroad by Edward Wilson, of Cherry Street, Philadelphia, U.S.
WALTER BENTLEY WOODBURY, of Manor House, South Norwood, in the County
of Surrey.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGIC LANTERNS AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED
"
WITH THE SAME."
These improvements consist,-
Firstly. In a method of adapting the lime light to the form of magic lantern
known as the sciopticon, by making the flame chamber cover moveable.
Secondly. In place of the square opening as now used for deflecting the flame,
substituting one which is brought to a point at one end, thus causing the double
flames to meet at that end.
Thirdly. In an improved form of oxy-hydrogen burner adapted to the sciopticon;
this is formed of a solid block of wood, through which traverse the pipes to com-
municate the two gases to the lime disc, the position of the flame being regulated
by a combination of a brass spring and screw projecting from the instrument.
Fourthly. In an improved apparatus for causing a disc of glass to revolve rapidly
and without any obstruction in front of the lantern; this is accomplished by means
of two india-rubber covered friction wheels, to which speed is coinmunicated by a
third large wheel having a flat disc of india-rubber attached to its edge; a fourth
wheel is attached to a spring to allow the discs of glass to be easily changed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE HACKLING AND PREPARATION OF HEMP, FLAX, JUTE, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Barbour at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th April 1876.
JAMES BARBOUR, of Belfast, County Antrim, Ireland. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR THE HACKLING AND PREPARATION OF HEMP, FLAX, JUTE, AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
These improvements relate especially to an arrangement of machine for which
Letters Patent were granted to the present inventor October 1st, 1875, No. 3422,
and consist in the use of bars with plain or serrated edges in place of pins or gills
on the first or retaining sheets which take the material from the feeding rollers and
hold it as it passes to the final sheets, which hackle and draw the fibre by pins
intersecting each other..
By using these sheets of bars, which do not penetrate or split the material, but
hold it by the intersection of each other, a much simpler form of chain and guiding
arrangements may be used, as it is not necessary that the bars should come in
contact with or leave the material at right angles thereto, inasmuch as they may
pass around the driving rollers in a radial position, thus dispensing with either
fixed or moveable guides during their passage around the rollers.
These bars, from having no splitting action on the material, no tendency to lap,
will arise as they deliver the material to the hackling sheets, which will strip the
bars more freely than the pins hitherto used for retaining the material.
These intersecting sheets with bars having plain or serrated edges may be. used
as the means for retaining the material during the action of either single or inter-
secting sheets; the facility with which they are stripped and non-liability to lap
is advantageous in both cases.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF FORMING CEILINGS, AND IN THE FORMATION AND PREPARATION OF MATERIALS TO BE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CEILINGS AND PARTITION WALLS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Hoyle, Johnson Richards, and
William Hoyes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th May
1876.
JAMES HOYLE, JOHNSON RICHARDS, and WILLIAM HEYES, all of Bolton, in the
County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF FORMING CEILINGS,
AND IN THE FORMATION AND PREPARATION OF MATERIALS TO BE USED IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF CEILINGS AND PARTITION WALLS."
Our Invention relates principally to the ceilings of rooms, but is also applicable
in the construction of partition walls, and has for its principal object to render
such ceilings and partitions fire-proof or capable of withstanding the action of
fire to a great extent in the event of the outbreak, of fire in a building in order
that the spread of fire from one room or storey to another in the building may be
prevented or be checked. To this end we in the first place substitute metal laths or
bars for the wooden laths ordinarily used in the formation of ceilings. We may
fix the said laths in manner as when using wood laths, but we prefer to connect
them together so as to form sheets, a space being left between each two laths to
pormit the mortar or plaster to penetrate to the upper or inner side. We prefer
to connect the said laths together by interlacing them with cross laths or with
wires or rods of metal, as, for example, we employ narrow hoop iron or thin laths
or ribands of flat or corrugated rolled iron arranged side by side at distances apart
suitable to enable the plaster to have a sufficient "koy" or hold upon the structure
and connected together by means of wires interlaced in a similar manner to the
warp and weft of a woven fabric.
The interlacing wires may be isolated at comparatively great distances apart or
be arranged in groups separated by intervals, as, for example, thero may be groups
of two or three wires arranged close or near together, with wide intervals between
the groups, one wire in a group passing under a lath in the series and another wire
in the same group over the same lath, the wires assisting in maintaining the laths
at suitable distances apart.
The structure formed as herein-before indicated is to be secured to the joists,
timbers, or parts forming the foundation of the ceiling or partition, and to be
plastered with the materials usually employed or with tho improved plaster next to
bo described.

page_text: Our Invention relates in the second place to the plaster to be used in the
formation of, ceilings and partitions, and consists in adding to plaster composed of
ordinary materials.commercial alum or sulphate of alumina or byposulphite of
soda, or both of the said salts, in order to increase the fire resisting properties of
the said plaster. We consider a solution made by dissolving one pound by weight
of the salt or salts above indicated in one gallon of water, this solution being
mixed with the plaster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING TABLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Hoare and Abram Charles
Herts at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1876.
ROBERT HOARE, of 2, Little Saint Andrew Street, and ABRAM CHARLES HERTS,
of 15, Gower Street. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING TABLES."
This Invention relates to improvements in folding tables.
For these purposes we make the table top in two parts, divided across the middle
and hinged together with latch hinges so constructed that when the two halves of
the table top are opened and fully extended the hinges shall latch or lock them-
selves, and so retain the table top thus extended, provision being made for readily
unlatching these hinges when folding the table. The upper surfacos of the two
halves of the table top fold together when closed. Near each end of the table top
is attached a pair of legs, and the legs of each pair are connected firmly by a
stretcher piece, and they are attached to the table top by joints in such manner
that each pair of legs may be able to fold against the under side of the table top
At a convenient point between the legs of each pair we attach to them by means
of a hinge or band a brace which can slide in a guide fixed to the under side of the
Each
table top. This guide also forms a stop to prevent the legs opening too far.
flap or part of the table top carries also a stop or resistance piece, against which the
opposite brace abuts when the table is opened, thus preventing the brace and legs
moving inwards.
Underneath the table may be attached trays, boxes, or drawers. When folded
the two halves of the table top close together, and the legs and braces lie flatly
against them.
Handles for carrying the table when folded are fixed to the parts of the table top
at the end and on the under side.
We also make a table the top of which is entire or in ono piece, the legs folding
in a similar manner and with braces or struts similar to those already described.
We attach the boxes by thin arms pivotted to the table and to the boxes, so that
the boxes may move out and in with a parallel motion.
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPS AND COCKS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Enoch Simcox at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1876.
ENOCH SIMCOX, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Moulder.
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TAPS AND COCKS."
"IM-
This Invention refers to the manufacture of metal taps and cocks of all kinds,
and consists in producing them by the process termed chill casting, or casting in
metal moulds.
In carrying out my Invention I employ the usual chill moulds to produce the
plug of the tap, which plug I afterwards use as a cove, round which I cast the
barrel. I also lay in the mould in which the barrel is to be cast round the plug one
or more junction pipes, which are thus cast into the tap simultaneously with the
formation of the barrel. As soon as the casting is set I knock out the plug, and
the cast barrel then sinks slightly, which sinking will compensate for the necessary
grinding of the plug, and thus allow it to be truly fitted. I also cast upon the
small end of the plug the screw pin ready screwed to receive a six square nut, and
thus avoid the usual drilling or tapping. The cock or tap is thus produced without
boring or turning, or the use of the lathe at all. Or by another process I produce
the iron tap as before stated, or by any other mode of casting, and then cover the
plug and line the barrel with copper, brass, tin, or other suitable metal, by which an
accurate and close fitting of the parts is ensured.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MITRE CUTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Blackett Haigh at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th August 1876.
WILLIAM BLACKETT HAIGH, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MITRE CUTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD."
This Invention relates to wood mitre cutting machines, and consists in having a
second knife or cutter to follow the first, and make a cleaner cut and finish of the
wood than has hitherto been practicable. This second knife or cutter is attached
to the same block as the front cutter, but is fitted with a loose iron similar to the
back iron of a plane, which loose iron is screwed up close to the cutting edge to
enable it to make a clean cut, and as the machines are made double acting this
arrangement is placed at both ends of the cutter block.
To work the cutter block and cutters I attach a lever working on a stud in the
side of the frame, and attach the lever to the cutting block by means of a stud and
pulley working in a vertical groove in the back of the cutter block, or by means of
a link hooked to a button head on the top of the cutter block.
NEW OR IMPROVED GRAVE TABLET FOR PERPETUATING THE MEMORY OF THE DEAD."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Gillman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th September 1876.
"A
JAMES GILLMAN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Scale Manufacturer.
NEW OR IMPROVED GRAVE TABLET FOR PERPETUATING THE MEMORY OF THE DEAD."
I make a pattern of wood, iron, or brass, which is ornamented upon its face with
certain mythological figures and scenes; I also affix upon it some pattern letters
forming a scriptural inscription; near the centre of this pattern tablet I have a
square hole with an ornamental flange or border on the top side; from this pattern
I cast my tablets. When cast I fit a piece of glass in the square hole against the
inside of the flange This square hole is to admit a card containing name, age, &c.
of deceased. The card is protected from atmospheric influences by the glass in
front and by a square piece of tin tightly fit and cemented at the back. I then
screw a spike at the bottom of the tablet so as to make it capable of being fastened
to the ground. I then paint or enamel it to protect it from the effects of the
weather. It is then ready for sale.
The features of novelty in this Invention are as follows:-
1 The application of cast-iron tablets to the purpose of indicating the graves of
deceased persons.
2. The contrivance for displaying a memory card and for protecting it against
Sonnenberic influences
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING SACKS AND OTHER WEIGHTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holt at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 27th March 1876.
JOSEPII HOLT, of Cradley Heath, in the County of Stafford, Engineer. "A NEW
OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING SACKS AND OTHER WEIGHTS."
The object of this Invention is, by the means herein-after explained, so to construct
a hoist for elevating sacks and other weights that the power applied may by means
of wheels and pinions be increased, and also that the weight being raised may easily
be held at any desired elevation.
I first provide a frame of suitable size and shape, which has fitted and working
within it an ordinary chain pulley, over which an endless hand chain works.
Attached to this pulley and working with it is a toothed pinion, which is in its
turn caused to work into a corresponding toothed wheel, this toothed wheel being
also fitted and working within the said frame. To the said toothed wheel is
attached a small chain pulley, over which a piece of chain of any required length, and
which is provided with hooks at both ends, is caused to work. Over and around
the first mentioned chain pulley is passed a metal strap, which is at one end thercof
firmly held to the said frame, and at its other end is connected with a lever in any
suitable manner. The said lever is jointed to the said frame at one end, and is
provided with a suitable cord at the other end, and is for the purpose of tightening
the said strap round the said chain pulley.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:- One of the hooks provided being
attached to the article required to be hoisted the operator pulls the endless chain on
that side of the chain necessary for that purpose, and so by the means herein-before
described the weight is raised; and when it is desired to hold the weight at any
required position, the break herein-before described is applied by pulling down the
cord which is attached to the said lever.
My improved apparatus is intended to be worked by hand power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Moreton Baker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1870.
JAMES MORETON BAKER, of Upwell, in the County of Cambridge, Blacksmith,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES."
I propose to enable agriculturists to horse hoe (without having recourse to
manual labour for finishing) not only the main parts of their crops, but also those
portions of fields called "scoots," which are unequal in length or breadth, and in
which the drills of growing corn are terminated at various distances by oblique or
transverse rows of the ordinary section of the field called land or "headland," and for
this purpose I apply to ordinary horse hoes apparatus whereby a single hoe or any
number of the hoes in any order may be raised or lowered in immediate succession,
instead of only simultaneously as hitherto.
I also propose to enable the steersman to shift the hoes to right or left more
readily when the drills diverge from a straight line, by increasing the length of the
reversing lever, and using an additional stay bar; and to facilitate regulating the
pitch of the hoes I propose to place the regulating and reversing levers in front of
frame.
"
My improved apparatus for raising and lowering the hoes either all together or
independently of each other, or in any desired succession, will consist of two parallel
plates of iron or other suitable metal or material, between which I place, say, nine
rollers and an equal number of springs and lifting handles; a separate chain will
pass over each roller, one of the ends of which chain will be attached to the lifting
handle, the other carrying a spring hook to catch the hoes.
The lifting handles will turn on pivots from right to left to raise the chain and
hoes, and from left to right to lower then, and will be held in three positions by
the springs, accordingly as the hoes are raised, partly raised, or lowered.
I propose to fix this improved apparatus to the back part of ordinary horse hoes
by screw bolts or other suitable fastenings, and I need scarcely observe that it may
be adapted to suit implements having more or less than nine hoes.
A NEW PROCESS FOR REVIVIFYING FOUL GAS LIME AND OBTAINING THE VOLATILE PRODUCTS THEREFROM
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lewis Thompson Wright at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1876.
LEWIS THOMPSON WRIGHT, of No. 23, Sutherland Gardens, Harrow Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Gas Engineer. "A NEW PROCESS FOR REVIVIFYING FOUL
GAS LIME AND OBTAINING THE VOLATILE PRODUCTS THEREFROM."
My Invention relates to a process whereby the lime used for purifying coal gas
after it has become foul or spent is revivified or rendered capable of being used
again, and the volatile matters which the foul lime contains are collected for use.
For this purpose I distil the foul gas lime by subjecting it to beat in a retort
communicating with a condenser, and provided with a pipe or pipes for the intro-
duction of steam to assist in driving off the volatile matters. The material after its
removal from the retort is treated, preferably while hot, with sufficient steam or
water to convert the protosulphide of calcium into sulphydride of calcium and
hydrate of lime, whereupon it can be used again for the purification of crude coal
gas, and when spent can again be revivified in the above described inanner.
By effecting the condensation at a sufficiently low temperature bisulphide of
carbon, which is one of the volatile matters expelled by the distillation, can be
obtained in a liquid form.
MENTS IN RAISING SUNKEN VESSELS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macintosh at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1876.
JOHN MACINTOSH, of Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex.
MENTS IN RAISING SUNKEN VESSELS."
" IMPROVE-
The object of this Invention is to raise sunken vessels with their cargoes
without the aid of any supplementary buoyant power, such as hulks, pontoons,
air bags, or other like means. This is accomplished by divers, who close all
openings, such as holes, hatches, companion ways, port holes, and then fix and fasten
tapes, bands, and sheets of water-proof and air-proof cloth on all such openings,
holes, seams, crevices, and interstices under the decks and on the inner side of
the vessel, so as to render the vessel water-proof and air-proof except as regards the
channels or openings left for the egress of the water from within, which channels
or openings are to be fitted with valves allowing the egress but opposing the
inlet of water and air and regulating the pressure as the vessel ascends.
The tapes, bands, and sheets are fixed or fastened down with a cement that will
adhere in water as well as in air, such cement being made of decomposed gums.
The water in the vessel is to be ejected by generating gas from chemicals
deposited in the interior, or by forcing compressed air into the interior of the
vessel.
In cases where the decks, sides, or other parts are damaged, prepared cloth can
be fixed over or under the same with the said cement. When the vessels are
raised, they not being encumbered with any supplementary buoyant bodies can be
readily towed in all weathers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TAPS OR VALVES FOR CONTROLLING AND REGULATING THE FLOW OF STEAM, WATER, GAS, OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Stuart at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1876.
CHARLES STUART, Engineer, of Halifax, in the County of York.
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TAPS OR VALVES FOR CONTROLLING AND REGULATING
THE FLOW OF STEAM, WATER, GAS, OR OTHER FLUIDS."
"
This Invention relates more especially to the appliances or mechanism for
operating the valves to or from their "seats as required, and consists in arranging
one or more levers in connection with a valve or valves within a casing, and
hinging or jointing them together to the main spindle, or by the application of a
worm wheel and screw, which operates a cross spindle which is attached to the
valves in such manner that upon the main spindle being operated to open or close
the valves a simultaneous action will be produced causing the valves to travel
laterally to the spindle, thereby presenting an opening for the outlet of the steam
or other fluids.
By my method of arranging and hinging or jointing to the spindle the said
lever or levers, or by the employment of the worm and cross spindle attached to
the valves, I am enabled to produce a greater amount of resistive pressure to the
valves with less wear and tear of the spindle than has been heretofore accomplished.
The lateral action of the valves also allows a better and more direct "thoroughfare."
The Invention is also applicable if only one valve be employed within the
casing; in such case one lever only will be hinged or jointed to the spindle, the
action laterally in both instances being the same.
AN IMPROVED BOOT CLEANING MACHINE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Hubert Gerhard Bayer and Otto
Jahn at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1876.
CARL HUBERT GERHARD BAYER, and OTTO JAHN, Merchants, in the City of
Hamburg, Germany. "AN IMPROVED BOOT CLEANING MACHINE."
This machine consists of a cast iron or wooden frame, which carries the bearings
of the axles of three rotating brushes arranged one above the other. The brushes
are of circular form hollowed out in the middle, the diameter diminishing from the
ends to the middle of the same. Between the brushes plates of sheet iron or other
material are fastened to prevent impurities from coming from one brush to the
other. The three brushes are put in motion by one cord or strap from a fly wheel,
which is turned by means of a treadle. The lower brush takes the dirt from the
boots while the second puts the blacking on and the top brush shines them. To
the frame a metal box is fastened containing the blacking. A flat-sided brush
can be worked into and out of this box by means of a lover, through which it can
be pressed against the blacking brush, thus providing it with blacking when
required.
Instead of by a treadle my apparatus can also be driven by machinery.
IN WATERPROOF GARMENTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Rowley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th December 1876.
THOMAS ROWLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
IN WATERPROOF GARMENTS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates to the manufacture of waterproof under garments for
children and invalids, and consists principally in making such garments of a water-
proof material formed by uniting fine flannel with calico or other suitable cotton
woven fabric by the interposition of dissolved india-rubber or other waterproof
fabrics for sheeting and for overcoats. By the combination of these materials a
perfectly waterproof garment is obtained with a lining of fine flannel next to the
person, which is both more comfortable and more healthy for the wearer than the
waterproof fabrics hitherto employed for that purpose.
In making up garments in this material ventilation is secured by stitching the
skirt on to the body of the garment with a rather deep gather or tuck at intervals,
each of which acts as an efficient ventilator.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Tetlow at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1876.
HENRY TETLOW, of Newton, in the County of Lancaster, Reed and Heald Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES EMPLOYED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
My Invention relates to the tongues or skewers of shuttles employed in looms for
weaving. The said tongues are split or formed with springs to retain the cops upon
the tongues during the operation of weaving.
When a cop is placed upon a tongue of an ordinary description some force has to
be applied, and the cop is liable to be damaged or put out of shape to some extent,
and the cop is not very readily placed upon the tongue. To remedy these defects I
so construct the said tongue and spring as that the said spring is expanded so as to
press upon the interior of the cop after the cop has been placed in position.
In the arrangement which I now consider to be suitable the said spring is
attached to the end of the tongue by one end, and a part at a distance from the
other end bears upon the block at the other or hinged end of the tongue. The free
end of the spring comes in contact with the spring which is employed to retain the
said tongue in position, and the last-named spring acting upon the tongue spring as
upon a lever causes it to press outwards against the outside of the cop, this action
not taking place until the said tongue is pressed into its working position within
the shuttle.
If preferred the said free end of the tongue spring may come in contact with any
suitable fixed part of the shuttle or with any part affixed thereto.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-PLACES FOR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1876. A communication
from abroad by Joseph Lahaire, of Bar-s-Aube, France.
WILLIAM EDWARD Gedge, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of
Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-PLACES FOR STEAM BOILERS."
A communication from abroad by Joseph Lahaire, of Bar-s-Aube, France.
The grate of this improved fire-place is not formed like ordinary grates of
independent bars, but of a cast-iron plate of about two inches thick, cast in two or
three pieces, according to the length of the fire-place.
The supply of air is through longitudinal and conical slits or openings of about
1/4 of an inch in width at the top by about an inch in breadth at the bottom.
+
On reference to Sheet 1. of the accompanying two Sheets of Drawing it will be
seen that at the side of the boiler is placed a fan which, by means of a pipe A, B, C,
of about four inches in diameter, sends air beneath the grate. This fan will be
driven by any suitable driving gear and by a jet of waste steam from the escape
pipe of the cylinder. This waste steam will by means of the pipe D unite with the
air driven by the fan and go by the pipe A, B, C, into the fire-place to increase the
coinbustion. Running lengthwise along the said pipe A, B, C, is a conical slot B, C,
about one-third wider at the end C than at the end B. A slide valve at A serves
to regulate the draught.
This system, applicable to every kind of steam boiler, gives a saving of from 15
|to 35 per cent, of fuel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS OR VESSELS USED FOR THE TRANSPORT OF GOODS AND MERCHANDIZE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Edward Newton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1870. A. communication
from abroad by Gilles François Angot, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
SHIPS OR VESSELS USED FOR THE TRANSPORT OF GOODS AND MERCHANDIZE."
The object of this Invention is to construct a transport vessel for carrying largo
quantities of goods, and which may be suitable for what may be termed a mixed
navigation, that is, for both sea and river traffic, thus obviating the necessity for
the transhipment of the goods as is now the case where the rivers are shallow.
The vessel may be propelled either by steam or sails, or both; and in order to
fulfil the required conditions it has been found necessary-1st, to increase the
length of the vessel, and consequently to make some alterations in the construction
thereof, which will give the desired resistance; and 2nd, to provide a moveable keel,
which being necessary to give stability to the vessel at sea and under sail, may be
withdrawn for the river navigation.
In carrying out this Invention the hull of the vessel is constructed according to
the form which gives the least draught of water, and it is strengthened by a false
bottom the whole of its length. This false bottom is supported on ribs bolted to
the bulkheads of the vessel, which is further strengthened by bracket pieces formed
with solid arms both longitudinally and transversely of the vessel.
The engine with its adjuncts and coal stores are placed at the stern of the vessel
so as to leave as much space as possible for the goods.
The movable keel, which can be made in one piece or in sections, and either in
wood or metal, is so placed so that it may be withdrawn into a well, so arranged as
not to diminish in any way the solidity of the hull of the vessel..
The keel is attached by rods or chains to a shaft, which is actuated either by the
propeller engine, or by an auxiliary engine used for shipping and unshipping
the goods, so that it may easily be lowered from or raised into the well when
desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS, APPLICABLE TO ORDINARY BOTTLES OR OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Walker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1876.
WILLIAM WALKER, of Shipley, near Bradford, in the County of York, Mason.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERS, APPLICABLE TO ORDINARY BOTTLES OR OTHER
SIMILAR ARTICLES."
My Invention relates specially to the closing of ordinary bottles containing ale or
porter or other liquids. For this purpose I make the interior of the neck of the
bottle below the rim oval, this oval part being only made in the shape of a rim
curving to the interior of the bottle. Through the neck of the bottle I pass a
stopper, made by preference of glass; this stopper is made taper, and on the
end is formed a lock made longer on one side than the diameter of the stopper.
This lock is passed through the longest end of the oval opening, and by turning the
stopper is secured over the narrow part of the oval opening. The lock is made with
taper ends to allow of giving more or less pressure on the stopper. The top of
the stopper is made with a head, with six or eight sides, or of any suitable shape,
to allow of turning the stopper. Over the taper stopper is fitted an india-rubber
ring, which presses on the top of the bottle when the stopper is locked, hermetically
closing the bottle. The india-rubber washer is by these means placed outside
instead of inside the bottle, which hitherto has been the case; or I may make the
bottom part of the oval rim inclined, so that the lock sliding on the incline produces
more or less pressure on the stopper; also the stopper may be made round and
straight instead of taper, and the india-rubber ring may be fitted on a washer made
to slide on the stopper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPERATION OF MATERIALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL BY MEANS OF SPECIAL MACHINERY
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Felix John Hamel at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1876.
FELIX JOHN HAMEL, of 70, Avenue Road, Regent's Park, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPERATION OF MATERIALS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL BY MEANS OF SPECIAL MACHINERY."
This Invention has for its object improvements in the preparation of materials
for the manufacture of artificial fuel by means of special machinery.
In order to produce artificial coal, peat, or any other kind of fuel, I employ various
materials, as described in the Provisional Specification of a Patent lodged by mo
with the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st day of January 1876, which I use in
conjunction and combination with my Patent No. 1392, dated the 7th day of May
1872, and sealed the 16th day of July 1872.
•
Now in order that the mineral and vegetable pitch, rosin, and resinous matters and
other such like materials used in making artificial fuel shall be effectually brought to
the soluble consistency required I propose by this present Patent to do so by means
of water pipes or other vessels containing water, which shall be placed in a cistern
or tank, which pipes or vessels shall be heated and kept in a heated stato by means
of a furnace with which the pipes or other vessels are connected, and by which
heat will be engendered and circulated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Johnson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1876.
EDWARD JOHNSON, of Farringdon, in the County of Devon, Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER
ANIMALS."
Various unsuccessful attempts have been heretofore made to attach shoes to the
feet of horses and other animals without driving nails into the hoofs, but by my
Invention I believe the difficulty to be overcome, partially at any rate, if not
wholly so.
According to my Invention I take, say, an ordinary horse-shoe, and form for the
hoof a frame or plate corresponding as nearly as possible to the shape thereof.
This plate or frame is intended to extend round or partially round the hoof, and
beyond the largest diameter thereof. At this point I hinge or joint two tail or
additional pieces, which when brought together complete the circumference of the
foot. The plate or frame aforesaid is rivetted or otherwise secured to the shoe
proper, or it might be made in one piece, and the hinged portion thereof is also
rivetted, nailed, or otherwise secured (after being properly adjusted) to the shoe,
whereby the same is firmly secured to the foot of the animal, but at the same time
it can be easily removed if required by simply withdrawing the nail or nails, rivet
or rivets, holding the back or hinged portion of the frame.
By my Invention I am able to apply shoes to horses' hoofs and the hoofs of other
animals without driving a single nail into the hoof itself, if desired.
For roughing horses the Invention will be found of great value, as well as for
changing shoes and other purposes.
The frame is caused to fit or to adjust itself nicely by placing a packing of felt,
cotton, or other suitable material between hoof and frame."
IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH BARS FOR GREEN HOUSES AND OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bowman and John William
Macadam at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April
1876.
WILLIAM BOWMAN and JOHN WILLIAM MACADAM, both of Battersea Park, in
the County of Surrey. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH BARS FOR GREEN HOUSES AND
OTHER STRUCTURES."
66
Our Invention consists in an improved means of fixing the glass in the sashes of
green houses, conservatories, sky lights, hot beds, and other similar structures,
and it has for its object to make a water-tight joint without putty, and to admit
of a broken pane being readily replaced from the inside of the structure.
The sash bars are composed principally of wood of the usual form in cross section
except that instead of the usual rebates to receive the edges of the glass and the
putty, the wood is flat or slightly concave on the top or outer edge, and upon this
edge a T shaped metal cap or rib is fixed, and the glass is fixed in the space
between the flanges of the T head and the sash bar by strips of thin lead, fixed
along the edges of the wood sash bar, and turned up against the glass.
The T headed cap or rib is preferably made of sheet zinc drawn or otherwise
brought to the form shown in the annexed Drawing. Along the edges a, a, are
soldered strips of thin lead which when the glass is inserted are turned up against
the glass and hold it firmly against the under side of the T shaped rib. The latter is
secured to the wood part of the sash bar by pins or a metal strip attached to the web
of the T shaped rib. The web of the said rib is not central but towards one side so
as to admit of one edge of the glass being inserted first in its sash bar and then the
opposite edge in the next sash bar. The glass is inserted between the sash bars in
a position rather higher than it is destined to occupy, and is then slid down to its
proper position where it abuts against a stop composed of a small metal plate
soldered to the under side of the T head, which also prevent the pane being moved
sideways and removed from the sash.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MODES OF AND APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING, ADVERTIZING, AND ATTRACTING ATTENTION
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Simon David Kriger at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd May 1876.
SIMON DAVID KRÜGER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MODES OF AND APPARATUS FOR EXHIBITING, ADVERTIZING, AND
ATTRACTING ATTENTION."
In shop windows, exhibitions, and picture galleries, and other show rooms, there
is often a great difficulty experienced in exhibiting in a good light the number of
objects requiring to be shown. It is to supply this want, among others, that this
my Invention is designed. I will illustrate it by its application to a tailor's or
milliner's shop window.
I construct a cylindrical, polygonal, conical, or other similar fraine, upon which
to shew the articles (in this case lay figures draped in specimen clothing exhibited
for sale). This frame is supported on a preferably vertical shaft arranged on
suitable bearings. On this shaft, preferably near its base, I fix a rotary water
engine, driven from the mains or any other convenient source. I prefer to give
this engine an intermittent motion (in any of the infinitude of ways of doing this
known to engineers). Instead of placing the motor in the shaft it can be run
by means of a band or other gearing from the motor to one side. Round the central
axis, and concentric with it, I place one or more stationary circular rails or combs
higher or protruding further out at one or more points than at others. The arms or
other parts of the lay figures are connected by cords or links with a standard in
the figure carrying a wheel or wheels that run on the circular rail or rails. As
the frane revolves the uneveness of the rails will cause the wheels to ascend and
descend or approach and recede from the central axis, and thus cause the arms
to be raised or lowered, the head to turn, or any other movements to be given to
the lay figures that may be desired. On the top of the stand I place a lamp which
usually revolves with the stand, but can remain stationary. Reflectors, stationary
or revolving, reflect the light on to the lay figures, and if the lamp be variously
colored the effect is very pleasing.
In applying my Invention to large large lamps or Chinese lanterns hung or fixed
outside shops, theatres, hotels, &c., 1 make the glass cylinder or barrel surrounding
the light of variously colored glass, and cause it to revolve by means of a water
motor attached directly to the glass barrel, or connected to it by a band or
other connector. The name of the establishment or other advertizement can be
displayed on the barrel of the lamp.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Thomson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th May 1876.
ARCHIBALD THOMSON, of 27, Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOTS AND SHOES."
My Invention relates to improvements in boots and shoes for yachting, cricketing,
fishing, or other purposes, whereby the soles are rendered more pliable and less
liable to slip upon a smooth or wet surface. Now my Invention consists in
moulding by metal or other surfaces sheets of india-rubber or its compounds
so that one side of the sheet becomes fluted or corrugated; I then cut or punch
the sheets of india-rubber so moulded into soles, and fix them to the uppers of
boots and shoes with india-rubber cement, or by other suitable means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wright at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd February 1876.
JOHN WRIGHT, of Kingston-on-Thames, in the County of Surrey, Plumber.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES."
The object of my Invention is to construct roller skates in such manner that the
wearer can make circles and perform figure skating with the same ease and motion
of the foot as in skating upon ice with ordinary skates.
Above the stock or body of the skate I fit at that part which comes below the
ball of the foot a plate, which is free to turn within certain limits upon a central
longitudinal axis. This plate bears towards each of its sides upon the upper and
front end of a short lever, which has its fulcrum on the under side of the stock.
The lower and back end of each lever is connected to a rod, which is attached to
the frame of the front roller on the same side as its lever, and to the frame of the
back roller on the opposite side (there being only one front and one back roller),
and the two rods cross each other between the two rollers.
When the skater wishes to turn to, say the left, he exerts pressure with his foot
at the left side, the result of which movement is that the lever on that side, being
forced downwards the front roller frame is pulled by its rod a little to the left, while
the same rod being connected to the right of the back roller frame this frame
receives a corresponding movement and the skate therefore turns to the left. The
lever at the right being by this movement of the roller frames forced higher than
its normal position above the stock is acted upon immediately the skater removes
the pressure from the left side, and the parts are thus returned at once to their
normal or straight position without the use of springs.
The distance to which the plate can be depressed at either side can be made
capable of regulation by screws or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER AND ICE SKATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wilman Wood and William
Henry Shakespear at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
24th March 1876.
JOSEPH WILMAN WOOD and WILLIAM HENRY SILAKESPEAR, both of Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER AND ICE SKATES."
This Invention consists-
1st. In arranging the blade of a skate in two pieces hinged together at one end,
preferably the heel, the one piece being immediately below the other, and the
separation a horizontal line, or nearly so.
2nd. The lower blade, which is of steel, is curved up at the end, and held in place
by any convenient fastening. The kind of fastening we prefer being a plate on
the foot stock held in position by pegs, and fitting into a groove in or hinged to the
back of the lower plate. Convenient brackets on the skate stock hold the upper
blade securely, and act as guides to the lower blade.
3rd. Hollowed out of the upper surface of the lower blade and the lower surface
of the upper blade we construct two bearings at suitable distances apart; these
bearings are for journals or axles upon which to place rollers, so as to make it
when desired into a roller skate. I make the axle rather thicker in the bearing
than elsewhere, so as to afford shoulders for the rollers to bear against, or preferably
construct two collars so as to keep the axle and the rollers respectively in position
in regard to the bearing.
4th. Our rollers consist approximately of hemispheres, the equatorial planes of
the two hemispheres being placed next to the blade.
We usually make the rollers fixed upon the axle and the axle revolve, but the
rollers could be loose if desired and revolve upon the axle.
5th: Our Invention in regard to the hemispherical rollers can be applied to any
ordinary skate, two holes can be drilled in the blade and the roller axles with
one roller each attached being slid in. The other roller then can be placed on
each axle and secured by pin and washer or otherwise.
Some of the advantages of our skate are, that it can be used indifferently for
a roller and an ice skate, and as the two describe curves on the same principle,
any one, an adept at one, can immediately use the other instead of, as in the
case of the Plymton have to learn to use it afresh after being an adept at ice
skating.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FRAMES OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Unwin Lomas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd August 1876.
ROBERT UNWIN LOMAS, of the City of Manchester, Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE FRAMES OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS."
In connecting the ribs to the top washer, technically called the " wheel," it is
customary to employ a wire passing through eyes in the ribs and through a groove
in the "wheel." This wire and the eyes are liable to break and are difficult to
repair. Now my Invention consists in certain improved modes of connecting the
ribs to the "wheel."
In performing my Invention I make slots in the "wheel," and I bend over the
ends of the ribs and hook the bent ends into the slots. The bent ends are held in
the slots of the wheel by a cap or washer fixed to the stick of the umbrella or
parasol, or to the wheel tube; or I make holes through or slots in the circumference
of the "wheel," and I make projections at the ends of the ribs; the projections are
hemispherical below where they fit on the sides of the slots to allow the ribs to
open and close. In this case the ribs are held by a cap or washer, as above referred
to, or by bending over the circumference of the "wheel."
The above improvements are also applicable for connecting the stretchers to the
runner.
By means of this Invention the frames of umbrellas and parasols are rendered
more durable and less liable to injure the silk or other material of the cover.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald McKechnie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October 1876.
ARCHIBALD MCKECHNIE, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING APPARATUS."
This Invention relates to improved steering apparatus, which whilst very powerful
and steady is extremely simple and not liable to get out of order.
The apparatus comprises a worm wheel fixed upon the rudder head, but having
one half of its teeth shaped to suit a right-handed worm, whilst the other half of its
teeth are shaped to suit a left-handed worm. A pair of worm shafts held in a
framing gear with the opposite sides of the worm wheel, and have fast on them
spur wheels or pinions gearing with a spur wheel or pinion on a central shaft,
having fast on it the usual hand steering wheel, or which may be driven by steam
or hydraulic motive-power apparatus. The two worm shafts turn in the same
direction, but the worms on them being one right handed and the other left
handed they act in the necessarily opposite directions on the two sides of the
worm wheel.
The bearings of the worm shafts are arranged so that those shafts can be easily
taken out of gear, and the framing is or may be fitted with bearings for an
additional shaft, to be driven by pinion and spur wheel from the hand wheel shaft,
and to have fast on it a barrel for ordinary rudder chains or tackle, to be used in
the event of the worm wheel apparatus being deranged.