Improvements in Hames for the Collars of Horses and other Animals.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 11th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 11th Nov., 1393
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hames for the Collars of Horses and other
Animals.
I, ARTHUR CHARLESWORTH, of 36 Hyde Road, Ardwick, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Saddlers' Ironmonger and Hame and Chain Manufacturer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to hames for the collars of horses and other animals and
consists in improvements by which I am enabled to avoid the drilling or formation
of holes through or in such hames for the attachment of the hame plates or hooks
to which the chains or other means by which the power exerted by the animals is
transmitted to the carts or other vehicles or objects drawn by such animals without
rendering the hames unsightly or inconvenient in attachment to the collars with
which they are to be used or inconvenient in use as has been the case with the
methods hitherto followed when it has been desired to avoid the formation or drilling
of holes in hames. The drilling or formation of holes in hames for the attachment
of hame-plates or hooks by which the power exerted by the animals is transmitted
to the carts or other vehicles or objects drawn by such animals is objectionable in
that it causes the hames to be weakened and also causes the strain to be transmitted
from a small part only of each of such hames. Hames constructed according to
my invention are stronger than hames of equal bulk or equal weight of the con-
struction hitherto usual and are as neat in appearance and as convenient in use as
hames of the construction which has hitherto been usual.
"
In constructing a hame according to my invention I employ a bar of metal upon
each end of which is formed au enlargement or collar. The said bar and the
enlargements or collars with which it is provided may be of any size which may
be suitable. I place the said bar in the interior of the tube or case of metal of
which the hame is to be formed in such position that the portion of the said bar
which is between the collars or enlargements with which it is provided will be
contained within the portion of the hame to which the hame-plate or hook by
which the hame is to be connected to the trace-chain or shaft-chain will be
attached. I then cause the tube or case aforesaid to be "swaged down so as to
fit upon the said bar throughout the length of such bar or throughout such portion
of the length of such bar as may be desirable. When the formation and shaping
of the tube or case aforesaid is completed in order to form such tube or case into a
hame such tube or case will in consequence of being made to fit upon the said bar
of metal and the collars or enlargements with which such bar is provided, be
formed with a portion which is of smaller diameter than the adjacent portions of
the tube or case and this part of smaller diameter will be in the part of the hame
at which will be attached or secured the hame-plate or hook to be employed in
order to enable the trace-chain or hame-chain to be connected to the hame. I
cause the hame-plate or hook which is to be secured to a hame constructed
according to my invention to be formed with or connected or secured in any
suitable manner to a band or plate of metal made of suitable size and shape to be
passed and secured in any suitable manner around the above mentioned portion of
the tube or case aforesaid which is made of smaller diameter than the adjacent.
portions of such tube or case and to be prevented from moving upon the said tube.
or case in the direction of the length thereof by means of the parts of such tube
or case which are adjacent to the portion which is of smaller diameter. I prefer
that the hame-plate or book when placed in position upon the hame shall be
secured thereon so as to be more or less incapable of turning thereon but if it be
considered desirable the said hame-plate or book may be made capable of turning

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to some extent upon the hame upon which it is mounted. I prefer also that the
plate or band to which the lame-plate or hook aforesaid is connected shall be of
such thickness that when the said plate or band is placed in position upon the tube
or case above mentioned the outer surface of such plate or band shall not project
beyond the outer surfaces of the adjacent parts of the said tube or case.
hame-plate or hook aforesaid may be formed in one with the band or plate to be
passed around the hame or may be connected to such band or plate by a hinge of
any kind or any other suitable appliance.
The
In consequence of the band or plate which is formed upon or connected to the
hame-plate or hook aforesaid being passed around the hame in conjunction with
which it is used such band or plate serves to strengthen the hame and to enable the
strain to be transmitted from a considerable part of such hame besides enabling me
to dispense with the formation or drilling of holes in the hame for the attachment
of the hame-plates or hooks in the manner hitherto customary and enabling me to
dispense with the use of the staples ordinarily used to connect the hame-plate or
hook to a hamė.
Hames constructed according to my invention are stronger than hames of the
kinds hitherto employed without being either heavier or more bulky or incon-
venient in use than the hames hitherto in ordinary use and hames constructed
according to my invention will fit into collars of ordinary construction as well as
hames of the kind hitherto ordinarily employed.
Dated this Tenth day of January 1893.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hames for the Collars of Horses and other
Animals.
1, ARTHUR CHARLESWORTH, of 36 Hyde Road, Ardwick, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Saddlers' Ironmonger and Hame and Chain Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to hames for the collars of horses and other animals and
consists in improvements by which I am enabled to avoid the drilling or formation
of holes through or in such hames for the attachment of the hame-plates or hooks to
which the chains or other means by which the power exerted by the animals is trans-
mitted to the carts or other vehicles or objects drawn by such animals without rendering
the hames unsightly or inconvenient in attachment to the collars with which they
are to be used or inconvenient in use as has been the case with the methods hitherto
followed when it has been desired to avoid the formation or drilling of holes in
hames. The drilling or formation of holes in hames for the attachment of hame-
plates or hooks by which the power exerted by the animals is transmitted to the
carts or other vehicles or objects drawn by such animals is objectionable in that it
causes the hames to be weakened and also causes the strain to be transmitted from a
small part only of each of such hames.
Hames constructed according to my invention are stronger than hames of equal
bulk or equal weight of the construction hitherto usual and are as Deat in
appearance and as convenient in use as hames of the construction which has hitherto
been usual.
In constructing a hame according to my invention 1 employ a bar of metal upon
each end of which is formed an enlargement or collar. The said bar and the
enlargements or collars with which it is provided may be of any size which may be
suitable. I place the said bar in the interior of the tube or case of metal of which
the hame is to be formed in such position that the portion of the said bar which is

page_text: between the collars or enlargements with which it is provided will be contained
within the portion of the hame to which the hame-plate or hook by which the hame
is to be connected to the trace-chain or shaft-chain will be attached. I then cause
the tube or case aforesaid to be "swaged down " so as to fit upon the said bar
throughout the length of such bar or throughout such portion of the length of such
bar as may be desirable. When the formation and shaping of the tube or. case
aforesaid is completed in order to form such tube or case into a hame such tube or
case will in consequence of being made to fit upon the said bar of metal and the
collars or enlargements with which such bar is provided; be formed with a portion
which is of smaller diameter than the adjacent portions of the tube or case and this
part of smaller diameter will be in the part of the hame at which will be attached
or secured the hame-plate or hook to be employed in order to enable the trace-chain
or hame-chain to be connected to the hame. I cause the hame-plate or hook which
is to be secured to a hame constructed according to my invention to be formed
with or connected or secured in any suitable manner to a band or plate of metal
made of suitable size and shape to be passed and secured in any suitable manner
around the above mentioned portion of the tube or case aforesaid which is of
smaller diameter than the adjacent portions of such tube or case and to be prevented
from moving upon the said tube or case in the direction of the length thereof by
means of the parts of such tube or case which are adjacent to the portion which is
of smaller diameter. I prefer that the hame-plate or hook when placed in position
upon the hame shall be capable of turning to some extent upon the hame upon which
it is mounted but if it be considered desirable the said hame-plate or hook may be
secured thereon so as to be more or less incapable of turning thereon. I prefer also
that the plate or band to which the hame-plate or hook aforesaid is connected shall
be of such thickness that when the said plate or band is placed in position upon the
tube or case above mentioned the outer surface of such plate or band shall not
project beyond the outer surface of the adjacent parts of the said tube or case.
The hame-plate or hook aforesaid may be formed in one with the band or plate to
be passed around the hame or may be connected to such band or plate by a hinge
of any suitable kind or any other suitable appliance.
In consequence of the band or plate which is formed upon or connected to the
hame-plate or hook aforesaid being passed around the hame in conjunction with
which it is used such band or plate serves to strengthen the hame and to enable the
strain to be transmitted from a considerable part of such hame besides enabling me
to dispense with the formation or drilling of holes in the hame for the attachment
of the hame-plates or hooks in the manner hitherto customary and enabling me to
dispense with the use of the staples ordinarily used to connect the hame-plate or
hook to a hame.
In order that my invention may be more readily understood and carried into
effect a portion of a hame constructed according to my invention sufficient to
illustrate my invention and the manner in which it may be carried into effect is
illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which
Fig. 1 is a side view and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section and Figs. 3 and 4 are
transverse sections taken on the planes indicated by the lines A A and B B
of Fig. 2 respectively.
In the hame a portion of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing (a) is
the bar of metal upon each end of which is formed an enlargement or collar, and
(a) and (a2) are the enlargements or collars formed thereon. (b) is the tube or
case of metal of which the hame is formed and (c) (c) are the wood fillings or
bodies placed in the interior of the tube or case (6) before it is closed into the
form illustrated in the accompanying drawing. As is illustrated in the accom-
panying drawing the bar (a) of metal is placed in such position in the interior
of the tube or case (b) that the portion (u³) of such bar (a) which is between
the collars or enlargements (a¹) and (a²) will be contained within the portion
of the hame at which will be attached the hame-plate or hook (d) by which the hame
is to be connected to the trace-chain or shaft-chain. After the bar (a) has been

page_text: ""
placed in position within the tube or case (b) such tube or case (b) is " swaged
down so as to fit upon the central portion (a³) of such bar (a) and bear against
the enlargements or collars (a¹) (a²) formed upon such bar (a) so as to prevent
such bar (a) from being moved longitudinally in the interior of the tube or case (b).
When the tube or case (b) has been "swaged down" to fit upon the bar (a) in the
manner above described the tube or case (b) is bent or shaped to the general form
which is required to be given to the hame and the wood-filling (c) is placed in the
interior of the tube or case (b) and such tube or case (b) is closed as is usually
done in the manufacture of ordinary cased hames. The tube or case (b) is also
made to bear in certain parts upon the enlargements or collars (a' a²) of the bar (a)
in the manner indicated in Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawing. Then the outer
surface of the tube or case (b) is smoothed and finished in the usual manner and
the portion thereof which surrounds the central portion of the bar (a) is made to
have a smooth cylindrical surface in order that the hame-plate or hook may be
fitted upon it. When the formation and shaping of the tube or case (b) is completed
in the manner described such tube or case will in consequence of being made to fit
upon the bar (a) of metal at the portion (a³) of such bar which is between the
collars or enlargements (a¹) (a2) be formed with a portion (6') which is of smaller
diameter than the adjacent portions (62) (63) of such tube or case (b) and is of
circular section. This portion (1) of the tube or case which is of smaller diameter
than the adjacent portions (62) (63) of such tube or case (b) is in the part of the
hame at which will be attached or secured the hame-plate or hook (d) to he
employed in order to enable the trace-chain or shaft chain to be connected to the
hame. I cause the hame-plate or hook (d) which is to be secured to the hame
constructed in the manner above described to be formed with or connected or
secured in any suitable manner to a band or plate (d¹) of metal made of suitable
size and shape to be passed and secured by welding or brazing or in any suitable
manner around the portion (61) of the tube or case (b) which is of smaller diameter
than the adjacent portions (2) and (63) of such tube or case (b) and to be prevented
from moving longitudinally thereon in the direction of the length of such tube or
case (b) by means of the parts (62) (63) of such tube or case (b) which are adjacent
to the portion (61) which is of smaller diameter. I prefer that the hame-plate or
hook shall be so secured upon the hame that it shall be capable of turning to some
extent upon such hame but if it be considered desirable the said hame-plate or
hook (d) may be made more or less incapable of being turned thereon. I prefer
that the plate or band (d) to which the hame-plate or hook (d) is connected shall
be of such thickness that when such plate or band (d') is placed and secured in
position upon the tube or case (b) the outer surface of such plate or band (d¹) shall
not project beyond the outer surfaces of the adjacent portions (62) and (6³) of the
said tube or case (b) but be
"
flush therewith as is indicated in the accompanying
drawing. The hame-plate or hook (d) aforesaid may be formed in one piece with
the band or plate (¹) to be passed and secured around the hame or may be
connected to such band or plate by a hinge of any suitable kind' or any suitable
appliance.
66
The lower end of the bar (a) of metal is formed with a curved and oblique
surface (a) as is indicated in the accompanying drawing in order that the bending
of the tube or case (b) of the hame into form may not be interfered with in cases
in which the lower end of the hame requires to be more sharply curved than is the
case in the hame illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
It is obvious that the thickness and length of the bar (a) of metal and the
diameter and length of the collars or enlargements (a') (a²) formed upon such bar
may be made different in different hames as may be considered desirable according
to the size and strength desired in the hames to be constructed and that the relation
between the diameter and length of the bar (a) of metal and the diameter and
length of the collars or enlargements (a¹) (a2) with which it is provided may be
made whatever may be desirable or convenient in the manufacture of hames of
different sizes and strengths. It will also be obvious that the bar (a) of metal

page_text: may be made tubular in cases in which it may be considered desirable. It is also
obvious that the tube or case (b) of the hame constructed according to my invention
may be made to fit upon the bar (a) of metal employed therewith throughout a
greater portion of the length of such bar than is the case in the hame illustrated
in the accompanying drawing and if it be considered desirable may be made to fit
It will also be obvious that
upon the bar (a) throughout the length of such bar.
the collars or enlargements (a') (a) formed upon the bar (a) of metal employed
in a hame constructed according to my invention may be made of such form as to
correspond with the interior form of the tube or case (b) in which it is to be placed
instead of being circular in transverse section as is illustrated in the accompanying
drawing.
In consequence of the band or plate (d) formed upon or connected to the hame-
plate or hook (d) being passed around the hame in conjunction with which it is
employed such band or plate (d1) serves to strengthen the hame and to enable the
strain to be transmitted from a considerable part of such hame besides enabling me
to dispense with the drilling of holes in the hame for the attachment of the hame-
plate or hook in the manner hitherto customary and enabling me to dispense with
the use of the staples ordinarily used to connect the hame-plate or hook to
a hame.
Hames constructed according to my invention are stronger than hames of the
kinds hitherto usually employed without being either heavier or more bulky or
inconvenient in use than the hames hitherto in ordinary use and hames constructed
according to my invention may be made to fit into collars of ordinary construction
as well as hames of the kind hitherto ordinarily employed, as the band or plate (d')
employed in conjunction with a hame constructed according to my invention may
be made flush with the adjacent portions (6) (63) of the tube or case (b) of
such hame as is indicated in the accompanying drawing and when so made does
not require for its reception any additional recess beyond what is ordinarily provided
in the collar to which a hame is to be applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In hames for the collars of horses or other animals bars of metal such as (a)
provided with collars or enlargements such as (a¹) and (a²) and placed in the tubes
or cases of such hames and secured in position therein by such tubes or cases being
made to fit upon the said bars of metal so as to be formed with portions such
as (6) of smaller diameter than the adjacent portions of such tubes or cases; for
the purposes and substantially in the manner herein before described and illustrated
in and by the accompanying drawing.
2. In a hame for the collar of a horse or other animal the combination of a bar
of metal such as (a) provided with enlargements or collars (a) and (a2) and placed
and secured in the interior of such hame and a case or tube such as (6) formed to
fit upon such bar of metal and secure it in position and consequently formed with
a portion (6) which is of smaller diameter than the adjacent portions (62) (63) of
such tube or case (b) for the purposes and substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this Tenth day of October 1893.
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.