Lighting and Heating Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 15th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 12th Feb., 1889
for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
We, ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, of the firm of H. Wallwork & Co. of Union Bridge
Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Ironfounders,
and ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS, of Ogden Street, Manchester, aforesaid, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements are made upon those for which Letters Patent have been
granted to Roughsedge Wallwork, (one of the present applicants) Numbered 15,328
A.D. 1886, and upon those for which applications for Patents have been made in the
names of the present applicants Numbered 3543, 13,096, and 17,218 all in the
year 1887; and consist in improved forms and arrangements of self generating gas or
vapour burners, which are applicable for illuminating, and also for heating purposes,
such as the heating of furnaces or arrangements for melting and heating metals, for
heating, drying and japanning stoves, ventilating and many other purposes, being
particularly applicable for portable heating arrangements for various purposes.
Our improved burner is of a ring form and is hollow or tubular, and on one side of
it and in the central axis of the ring there is a hollow cylinder terminating in
a hollow cone the small end of which comes into the centre of the hole in the
said ring.
If the flame from the burner is to pass. horizontally, as we prefer, the plane of
the said ring.is vertical and there is a passage from its upper part in a horizontal
direction which then descends vertically and then horizontally again for a short
distance and in this last named passage the nozzle for the escaping combustible gas or
vapour is fixed arranged to discharge it into and in a line with the axis of the said
cylinder and cone.
In front of the said ring on that side opposite to that on which the cylinder and
cone is formed there are or may be gills or projections which being parallel to and all
round the flame from the jet nozzle are enveloped in the flame and are thus heated
and their heat is thus conducted back to the hollow ring from which they branch so
that the combustible oil or liquid is first heated in this hollow ring and converted into
gas or vapour and is then discharged at the jet nozzle.

page_text: The said gills, are or may be in some cases hollow, and the hollows are arranged to
communicate with the said ring, and in cases where the said gills or projections are
not used a double ring may be.employed instead.
The cone being part of the said cone and cylinder is or may also be made hollow
and arranged to communicate with the combustible liquid in the said ring.
The current from the jet nozzle passes through the cylinder and cone to induce
a current of air to support combustion as described in the Specification No. 15,328
A.D. 1886. In some cases to increase the power of the burner two or more cylinders
and cones are or may be combined together with air spaces between and discharging
one into the other to add to the induced current of air produced by the escape of the
gas or vapour from the jet nozzle and two or more of these cylinders and cones are
or may be made hollow and with passages connecting them with the said ring
arranged in such manner that the combustible liquid will first pass to the cylinder
and cone nearest the jet nozzle. (where there is least heat) and then to the next
and thien to the said ring and from thence through the passages before mentioned, to
the jet nozzle.
The jet nozzle or the part carrying it is or may be made adjustable, nearer to and
further from the first cylinder and cone.
When our improved burners hereinbefore described are used with the flame from
the jet nozzle in a vertical position the passage or pipe between the said ring and jet
nozzle is arranged on leaving the ring or vessel containing the combustible liquid
so that it will first ascend above the level of any liquid there may be and only allow
gas or vapour to pass to the passage leading to the jet nozzle.
With our present improvements we combine any of those described in the
specifications hereinbefore referred to whether in respect of the burner or the jet
nozzle or nozzles or the arranging mounting and carrying the burners or supplying
them with combustible liquid."
For heating furnaces we prefer to mount the burner, when the flame is horizontal,
so that it can be rotated or turned on a vertical axis to direct the flame into or
away from the entrance of the furnace or other object or arrangement to be heated.
We sometimes combine with the jet nozzle the well known regulating needle or
valve for adjusting the outlet for escape of gas or vapour from the jet nozzle so
that it may escape with the greatest possible velocity and thus produce a greater
induced current of air to give a more perfect combustion of the gas or vapour.
We also arrange or may arrange and combine with our improved burners a dish or
reservoir for oil and waste fibrous or other waste combustible material which is ignited
to heat up the parts when the burner is to be first lighted to produce gas or vapour
therein until the jet from the nozzle is ignited and produces heat enough to maintain
the supply.
Our invention also consists in combining two or more of our improved burners
together to obtain still greater light or heat all supplied with combustible liquid
from the same pipe.
Each burner in a group of them has or may have a separate cock or valve for
regulating and turning on and off the supply of combustible liquid to the burner.
Dated this Fifteenth day of February 1888

page_text: Improvements in Self Generating Gas or Vapour Burners Applicable
for Lighting and Heating Purposes.
We ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK, of the firm of H. Wallwork & Co. of Union Bridge
Iron Works, Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Ironfounders, and
ARTHUR COLLINGS WELLS, late of Ogden Street, Manchester aforesaid, but now of
102, Midland Road, St. Pancras, London, Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our improvements are made upon those for which Letters Patent have been granted
to Roughsedge Wallwork (one of the present Applicants) Numbered 15,328 A. D. 1886,
and those for which Letters Patent have been granted to the present Applicants
Numbered 3543 and 15,373 both in 1887 and upon those improvements described iu
a Complete Specification filed in Application for a Patent Numbered 17,218 A.D.
1887, and consists in improved forms and arrangements of self generating gas or
vapour burners, which are applicable for illuminating, and also for heating purposes, such
as the heating of furnaces or arrangements for melting and heating metals, for heating,
drying and japanning stoves, ventilating and many other purposes, being particularly
applicable for portable heating arrangements for various purposes.
Our improved burner is of a ring form and is hollow or tubular, and on one sido
of it and in the central axis of the ring there is a hollow cylinder terminating
in a hollow cone the small ond of which comes into the centre of the hole in the
said ring.
If the flame from the burner is to pass horizontally as we prefer, the plane of the
said ring is vertical and there is a passage from its upper part in a horizontal direction
which then descends vertically and then horizontally again for a short distance
and in this last named passage the nozzle for the escaping combustible gas or
vapour is fixed, arranged to discharge it into and in a line with the axis of the said
cylinder and cone.
In front of the said ring on that side, opposite to that on which the cylinder and
cone is formed there are or may be gills or projections which being parallel to and all
round the flame from the jet nozzle are enveloped in the flame and are thus heated
and their heat is thus conducted back to the hollow ring from which they branch so
that the combustible oil or liquid is first heated in this hollow ring and converted into
gas or vapour and is then discharged at the jet nozzle.
The said gills are or may be in some cases hollow, and the hollows are arranged to
communicate with the said ring, and in cases where the said gills or projections are
not used a double ring may be employed instead.
The cone being part of the said cone and cylinder, is or may also be made hollow
and arranged to communicate with the combustible liquid in the said ring.
The current from the jet nozzle passes through the cylinder and cone to induce a
current of air to support combustion as described in the Specification No. 15,328
A.D. 1886. In some cases, to increase the power of the burner two or more cylinders
and cones are or may be combined together with air spaces between, and discharging

page_text: one into the other, to add to the induced current of air produced by the escape of the
gas or vapour from the jet nozzle and two or more of these cylinders and cones are or
may be made hollow and with passages connecting them with the said ring arranged in
such manner that the combustible liquid will if desired first pass to the cylinder and cone
nearest the jet nozzle (where there is least heat) and then to the next, and then to
the said ring and from thence through the passages before mentioned to the jet nozzle.
The jet nozzle or part carrying it is or may be made adjustable nearer to and further
from the first cylinder and cone or heating cavities.
When our improved burners herein before described are used with the flame from
the jet nozzle in a vertical position the passage or pipe between the said ring and jet
nozzle is arranged on leaving the ring or vessel containing the combustible liquid
so that it will first ascend above the level of any liquid there may be and only
allow gas or vapour to pass to the passage leading to the jet nozzle.
With our present improvements we combine any of those described in the
specifications hereinbefore referred to whether in respect of the burner or the jet
nozzle or nozzles or the arranging, mounting and carrying the burners or supplying
them with combustible liquid.
For heating furnaces we prefer to mount the burner when the flame is horizontal
so that it can be rotated or turned on a vertical axis to direct the flame into or
away from the entrance of the furnace or other object or arrangement to be heated.
We sometimes combine with the jet nozzle the well known regulating needle or
valve for adjusting the outlet for escape of gas or vapour from the jet nozzle so that
it may escape with the greatest possible velocity and thus produce a greater induced
current of air to give a more perfect combustion of the gas or vapour.
We also arrange or may arrange and combine with our improved burners a dish
or reservoir for oil and waste fibrous or other waste combustible material which is
ignited to heat up the parts when the burner is to be first lighted to produce gas or
vapour therein until the jet from the nozzle is ignited and produces heat enough to
maintain the supply.
Our invention also consists in combining two or more of our improved burners
together to obtain still greater light or heat all supplied with combustible liquid
from the same pipe.
Each burner in a group of them has or may have a separate cock or valve for
regulating and turning on and off the supply of combustible liquid to the burner.
Fig. is a longitudinal elevation in section, fig. 2 is a front elevation looking
towards the outlet from which the jet of gas or vapour escapes, fig. 3 is a section of
the ring part in the line A-B fig. 1, and fig. 4 is a longitudinal elevation in section
of the cover or casing detached.-These figures illustrate one form of our improved
self generating gas or vapour burners, and includes several of our improvements fierein-
before referred to.
The manner in which these burners are combined with the apparatus for supplying
them with oil or combustible liquid will be hereinafter described.
a,
is a pipe which receives the supply of combustible liquid and it is screwed into or
otherwise attached to a hollow casting b.
That illustrated in fig. 1 is a circular ring 6, coned on that side towards the flame
issuing from the jet orifice.
The ring 6, has branches or bosses upon it, which are closed when the burner is in
use by screw plugs b', 62, and 63, which give access for clearing the hollow of the ring
from any accumulated deposit.
At the upper part of the ring there is a branch 64, passing horizontally backwards
and parallel to the axis of the ring (b) as shown, this branch 6, then descends at a
right angle and then turns for a short length in a line with the axis of the ring end of
the casting b.-There are screw plugs at 6, and 6, to give access for cleaning out the
passages in line therewith.
There is a tubular nozzle c, screwed into the casting, the sides of which bas
numerous small holes in it, each a little smaller than the outlet for the jet of gas or
vapour to supply the flame.

page_text: The back end of the tubular nozzle is closed by a screw plug c¹, the removal of
which gives access to clear obstructions from the outlet of the jet.
This tubular nozzle c, thus arranged can be readily removed to clear out all the
passages from obstructions.
A cylinder d, and cone d', is cast, attached to the branch 64, to come in a line with the
outlet from the jet or tubular nozzle c.
e, is a dish, secured between a shoulder on the pipe a, and the boss on the casting b,
or in any other convenient manner, the object of this dish being to hold fibrous
material saturated with oil and ignited to give heat when the burner is to be heated
up ready for use.
The combustible liquid passes up the pipe a, fills the hollow of the casting b, and
is converted into gas or vapour, then passes along the passages in the branch 6,
to the outlet nozzle c.-The escape of the gas or vapour into the cylinder d, draws in
air for combustion which passes along with the escaping gas or vapour through the
cylinder d, and its cone d, then takes a further supply of air in front of the cone d¹,
and passes into the cone formed in the hollow ring b, and through and beyond it.
The flame of the ignited gas thus heats the hollow casting b, and converts the oil
into gas or vapour.
There is a sheet iron conical cylinder f, with a bandle f1, at its back or closed end,
(shown detached by fig. 4) and this conical cylinder f, has a hole f³, in its upper side
near its back or closed end to pass over the boss for the screw plug b, so that when
placed as shown in fig. 1, the boss passing through the hole in the cover keeps it
in its place.
There is also a series of other holes f³, near the open end of the cover f, to allow
air to enter freely for combustion.
In some cases the hollow ring or casting b, has a series of solid or hollow gills 9,
cast in front passing from the casting b, in the direction of the lengthway of the flame
(as shown) which thus heats the gills, and their heat is conducted back to the hollow
ring casting b.
These gills g, when hollow are made to communicate with the hollow of the ring
casting b. One of these gills (the upper one in fig. 1) is shown with dotted lines to
represent the hollow of the gill.
In this burner the lengthway of the flame passes horizontally, and the burner
is arranged to rotate with the pipe a, which forms a vertical axis so that the flame
from the burner may be kept in a line with the direction of the wind when used in
the open air, and to keep the burner with the lengthway of the flame passing in
the direction of the wind automatically, a vane f, is or may be attached to the
casing, as shown in fig. 1, extending in the direction of the gills g, sufficiently
to give leverage enough to turn the burner on its vertical axis a, and to keep the
closed end of the cover f, facing the wind and the flame in a line therewith.
Fig. 5 is a front elevation and fig. 6 a side elevation of another modification of
our self generating gas or vapour burners.
Fig. 7 is a plan and fig. 8 is an end view of the cover (f) detached.
Fig. 9 is an elevation in the same plane as fig. 5 and is a section through the
front of the two rings used in this modification and fig. 10 is an elevation in the
same plane as fig. 6 and is a longitudinal section.
In figs. 9 and 10 a sheet metal chimney or cover h, is shown, as when applied for
heating the burner ready for use.
The arrangement of this double ring burner is similar to that shown by figs. 1, 2, 3,
and 1 and the parts will be readily understood by inspecting the drawings, from the
previous explanation of figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4.
The form of the rings or castings b, and 6x, is shown best in figs. 9 and 10.
Screw plugs 1, 2, 3, and 6', are used at each corner on each ring in a line with
cach passage as shown, to give access for clearing out the passages, and the rings or
hollow castings and 6× though connected, have spaces between, and the parts are
formed in one connected casting as shown.

page_text: 611, is a passage between the rings b, and 6*.
The dish e, for waste fibrous material is secured to the pipe a, by a set screw e¹, as
shown, and there is an adjustable collar a', on the pipe a, (which is or may also be
used in the modification shown by figs. 1 to 4) to prevent the pipe a, from passing
too far into the stuffing box, as hereinafter described.
i, is a hook by which the burner may be suspended in some cases.
f, is a small chain, one end of which is secured to the casting of the burner, the
other end having a bent wire hook f', attached to it which is used for clearing the
jet outlet from the nozzle c, from obstructions when required.
The sheet metal cover h, shown in figs. 9 and 10 is placed over the ring part of
the burner (as shown) and rests upon the plate e, for the fibrous material which when
ignited is used for heating the burner when being prepared for use.
There is a slot formed in one side of the chimney h, to pass over the tubular
part 6, of the casting and a handle ², is applied to the chimney or cover h, for
removing it from the burner when sufficiently heated and the escaping gas or vapour
has been ignited.
Fig. 11 is a front elevation, and fig. 12 a side sectional elevation and fig. 13 is
a cross section at C-D fig. 12, showing another modification of our invention.
This modification is similar to that shown by figs. 5, and 6 and 9 and 10, and it
has also a sheet metal cover f, (not shown in figs. 11, 12, and 13,) as described in
reference to figs. 5 to 10, inclusive, except that a hollow cavity d2, is formed round
the cylinder d, and cone d¹, and that this cavity communicates at its lower part by a
passage d³, with the hollow rings 6x, and b, and at its upper part by an outlet d*, into
the passage in the branch 64.
The oil or combustible liquid enters from the pipe a, and rises into the cavities in
the rings b, and bx, and the cavity d², round the air cylinder and cone, and the gas
or vapour generated passes from these cavities into the passage in the branch 6, to
the nozzle c.
If desired the pipe a, may be connected directly with the hollow cavity d², so that
the fluid from it will pass round the cavity and then along a passage corresponding
to the passage d³, fig. 13, to the rings b, and b*.
In this case the outlet d, would be closed and there would be a division at the
lower part of the cavity d², to cause the liquid to pass from the pipe a, as above
explained.
Fig. 14, is a side elevation partly in section, and shows a modification similar to
that illustrated by fig. 6 but with two separate air cylinders and cones d, d¹, and d*,
and d³.
Fig. 15 is an elevation partly in section of a burner similar to that illustrated by
figs. 5 to 10 inclusive, except that it is arranged to be used with the lengthway of
the flame in a vertical position; a, is the oil supply pipe which passes through
a hole in an arm a², from the casting and screws into a boss on the side of the
ring bx.
The rings b, and 6x, are of the form and construction and have the screw plugs
at the corners (though not all shown in fig. 15) as shown in figs. 5, 6, 9 and 10.
There is a short tube 68, screwed into the branch 6, of the casting which leaves an
annular space around it, so that the combustible liquid which first enters the lower
hollow in the ring 6x, must pass also into the upper ring b, before the gas or vapour
generated from it can enter the passage in the branch 6, and pass to the jet outlet
nozzle c.
The screw plug b, gives access to the tube 68.
With this modification a cylindrical cover of thin sheet metal (not shown in fig. 15)
is or may be used (similar to the cover f, figs. 1 to 4) open at both ends and placed
over the burner, the lower end of the cover resting on the bottom of the dish and
its upper end extending opposite to the middle part of the ring bx, this cover having
air holes in it as in Fig. 7 to allow air to pass freely within the cover to supply
combustion.

page_text: Fig. 16 is another modification of burner according to our invention which is
similar to that herein before described and illustrated by figs. 5 to 10, but is arranged
so that the flame from the ignited gas or vapour may be made to strike more or less
upon the generating rings b, and 6x, and thus adapt it to different qualities of oil or
combustible liquids some of which require more and others less heat to convert them
into gas or vapour.
The branch, is formed separate from the main casting b, and 6x, and one end of
a tube j, is screwed into a boss from the casting bx, and b, and the exterior of the
tube j, is screw threaded, or this tube may be solid with the casting b, and 6×, and
screwed on its exterior.
The branch b, carrying the jet nozzle c, and cylinder d, and cone d', is enlarged
in diameter and is screw tapped and screws upon the tube j, and when adjusted to
the required distance and with the jet nozzle c, in the line of the axis or hole through
the rings b, and bx, a lock nut j', is then screwed tight against the end of the tube b*,
as shown to securo it and make a tight joint.
This adjustment of the jet nozzle c, and connected parts may be effected by other
arrangements, for example, the tube , may be made to move telescopically upon
the tube j, and with stuffing box packed by asbestos.
Fig. 17 is a front elevation, and fig. 18 a side elevation of a form of self generating
gas or vapour burner according to our invention in which the heat from the flame can
be adjusted to suit different qualities of combustible liquid as explained in reference
to fig. 16.
This burner is formed by one casting b, having gills g, somewhat similar to that
shown by figs. 1 to 4 except that the heating hollow casting does not form a circle,
but is of the form best shown in fig. 17-a, is the liquid supply pipe which screws into a
boss on one side of the hollow casting b.
The combustible liquid can pass into the hollow of both arms of the casting, and
when converted into gas or vapour leaves through a passage in a boss at the upper part
of the casting b.
This boss is screw tapped and the screwed end of the branch, screws into it
and can then be secured when adjusted by the lock nut j, against the boss of the
casting b.
The branch 6, carries the jet nozzle c, cylinder d, and cone d¹.
Thus arranged the nozzle c, can be swivelled from the position in which it is shown
in full line to the position in which it is shown in dotted line in fig. 17 or to any inter-
mediate position between the two.
When the flame is acting from the position shown in full line in fig. 17 it has
the greatest heating effect and when from the position shown in dotted line it has the
least heating effect.
There is a screw plug 61, for giving access to clear out deposit and there may also
be two other screw plugs opposite each of the two ends of the lower arm of the casting b,
for the like purpose.
Fig. 19 is a side elevation, fig: 20 a back end elevation of one side the other being
a section through the ring bx, and fig. 21 a plan illustrating the combination of two
burners.
But it will be obvious that three or more burners may be combined together in a
group in a similar manner.
There are two united sets of two rings or hollow castings, one branch 64, and from
it two branches to carry the jet nozzles c.
On the branch 6, a cylinder d, and cone d¹; is formed for each jet nozzle.
There are two screw plugs 6', at one side, and three plugs 62, in the lower side of
the rings b, and two plugs 6, at the lower side of the rings b*, which with the pipe a,
(when removed) give access to remove deposit from the passages.
The pipe a, is screwed into a boss between the rings 6x, and the combustible
liquid passes through holes or passages 61, in the lower part of these rings 6*, to the
lower part of the rings b, in which the liquid rises and the gas or vapour generated
passes from the upper part of the rings b, and 6x, along the passage in the branch 6,

page_text: to the jet nozzles c.-There is or may be one cover (not shown in figs. 19 to 21)
corresponding to the cover f, shown in figs. 1 to 4 to enclose the jets, but having holes
to give admission for air to support combustion.
A powerful and compact group of four burners may be formed by adding two burners
above the two shown in fig. 20, the upper horizontal passage of the two rings b, and b*,
would then form the lower passages of the upper rings, and outlet passage being formed
from the passages of the middle of the upper rings to the branch 6, which only (in
this case) communicates with the passages in the rings through the last named
outlet passage.
In this arrangement there would be four jet nozzles c, and air cylinders d, and
cones d', carried and supplied by the branch bt.
Fig. 22 illustrates the form and arrangement of the jet nozzle c, when it has an
adjustable needle applied.
C, is the nozzle constructed and arranged as hereinbefore explained. It screws in at
one side of the casting and has its end closed by a screw plug k, which is formed with
a packing gland k', through which the needle pointed spindle k², passes as shown,
screwing through a tapped part of the scrow plug k, and being rotated by the hand wheel k³,
secured upon its end-The needle or cone point of the spindle can be adjusted to enter
more or less into the outlet orifice of the nozzle c, and close it entirely, when desired.
The needle arrangement illustrated by fig. 22 is in some cases used with the outlet
jet nozzles c, of burners combined in a group as explained in reference to figs. 19 to 21
and this allows of each jet of the group being adjusted or put out of action.-Other
forms of cocks or valves may also be used with burners combined together in groups
for regulating the flow and turning on and off the gas or vapour separately to each jet
of a group of burners.
Fig. 23 is a plan view and fig. 24 an elevation, one half in section illustrating the
mode of applying our self generating gas or vapour burners to one form of furnace for
heating metals and other purposes.
1, is a stand to carry a metal cylinder m, lined with suitable and ordinary fire resisting
material This furnace has a slab m', of fire resisting material to form its bottom, and
a lid m², of like material to cover its open upper end when required-It has or may
have a branch m³, from one side to allow of the escape of the products of combustion
to the chimney.
In the walls of the sides of the furnace m, one, two or more openings m*, are formed
at an angle, as shown, best in fig. 23, and opposite each opening one of our self
generating gas or vapour burners is applied either those with single jets, or of two or
more jets of flame in a group.
The burners indicated by x, in figs. 23 and 24 are similar to those illustrated by
figs. 5 to 10 inclusive.
The supply pipe a, to these burners is bent coming from the burner as shown and
then turns into a vertical position to enter a stuffing box t', in an oil supply pipe to,
to be hereinafter more fully described, so that the burner a, can when required be
swivelled to one side to withdraw the flame from the hole m', in the side of the furnace
or turn it into the hole in the furnace.
Another form of furnace is shown by fig. 25 which is formed by a frame 1, carrying
a casing m, lined with suitable fire resisting or refractory material-There is an
opening m, at one end of the chamber of the furnace for the flame or flames from our
self generating gas burner to enter and at the other end there is a chimney m³, outlet
for the products of combustion.
There may be an opening (m³) at each end for the flame or flames from the burner
and a chimney outlet, m³, at the top and middle part of the furnace.
The forms of the furnaces or stoves to be used with our self generating gas burners
will vary according to the use to which they are to be applied.
Fig. 26 shows on an enlarged scale a part of the edge of two hollow rings b, bx;
part of one ring bx, in outside elevation, and part of the other ring b, in section, and
fig. 27 is an end view at a right angle to fig. 26.
"These views illustrate an alternative method of closing the ends of the passages

page_text: when two rings b, and 6×, are combined, instead of using the screw plugs
and ', shown in figs. 5, 6 and 9.
An undercut slot n, is formed between the two rings b, and bx, for the head
of a headed bolt n', which passes through a swivel plate n², each end of which rests
upon a plain plug or stopper n³, inserted in the end of the hole as shown opposite each
passage.
The plugs or stoppers n³, bave white or red lead or other suitable luting put upon
their faces to make a close joint when the plate n², is screwed down.
By slackening the screw nut of the bolt and swivelling the plate n³, a quarter
turn round, the plugs or stoppers n³, can be readily removed and replaced.
Fig. 28 is an outside elevation of the cistern and connected parts for supplying.
oil or combustible liquid to our improved self generating gas or vapour burners.
Fig. 29 is a sectional elevation of the cistern and connected parts with one of our
improved self generating gas or vapour burners applied.
Fig. 30 is a front view of the burner alone, and fig. 31 a side view of the casting
having the tap and filtering plug formed in it, showing the branch from the casting
carrying the pressure guage.
桌
p, is the cistern; p¹, handles for carrying it ; q. casting secured to the top of the
cistern which casting has a branch y to which a flexible tube 2, is attached, the end
of which tube has a drum or cylinder q³, secured to it which is covered with wire guaze
so that when this end of the tube 22, is inserted in the vessel from which the supply of
combustible liquid is to be drawn, the wire guaze keeps back lumps likely to form
obstructions.
The casting 7, has also a packing gland q, for the pump rod 9°, to pass through, the
upper end of which has a cross handle q, secured to it.
The piston or pump rod q, has two discs or rings q', and q³, secured to its lower
end with a space between them, and the upper disc q', has holes through it or by
preference notches in its edges and the lower disc 98, has holes near its boss.
Between the two discs q', and q, there is a leather disc 12, moulded to the cylindrical
form round its edge which fits close to the interior bore of the pump barrel q*, which
is screwed into the casting g, at its upper end.
There is a hole in the disc part of the leather q³, which leaves an annular space
between it and the boss of the disc q³.
When the piston rod 75, of the pump is lifted the disc part of the leather 1",
comes against the lower disc q, on the piston rod, and leaves an annular space
for the fluid to pass from the space in the pump barrel 7*, above the discs q',
and 2, to that below the discs, and when the pump rod is forced down the
leather 9, comes against the upper disc q', and the disc part of the leather
covers the notches on its edge and all fluid in the pump barrel 9x, below the
dises q', and q, is forced out of it, drawing in at the same time fluid througli
the flexible tube q³.
To the bottom of the pump barrel q*, a casting r, is secured having two pro-
jections, to which a cross plate 2, is secured by screws.
This cross plate ², has a central hole in its boss to act as a guide to the stem
of a valve 3, faced with leather and secured by a screw, this valve r³, working against.
a seating formed in the casting r.-There is an helical spring on the stem of the valve
acting between the upper side of the plater, and the under side of the valve to.
keep it closed when the pressure of the fluid forced by the pump does not act to
open it.
This valve, acts as an inlet valve for fluid forced into the cistern and prevents its
escape back to the pump barrel.
12, is a casting secured to the lower part of the side of the cistern to form a boss in
which a tap p³, is screwed which has a screw plug p*, fitted in it that can be screwed
against a seating in the tap.
This tap is for emptying the cistern p, of fluids.
There is another casting po, secured to the top of the cistern into which the upper
end of a pipe på, is screwed descending to nearly the bottom of the cistern p.
B

page_text: The cistern p, when in use is partly filled by air under compression which acts to
force the oil or combustible liquid from the cistern up the pipe 6, to the burner.
A casing is screwed to the upper side of the casting p, in which a screw plug t¹, is
fitted for filtering the combustible liquid passing to the burner and a screw plug tap t³,
is formed in the casing t, passing through a stuffing box t³, the cone end of the screw
plug tap 2, having its seating on a mid-feather or partition in the interior of the
casing t.
The filtering plug t¹, (which has wings to rotate it) can screw fluid tight into the
casing t, and it is hollow and has perforations through its sides covered by wire
guaze.
All the liquid from the cistern p, nust pass through the guaze into the hollow of the
filtering plug t, and from it to the hole leading to the seating of the screw cone plug
tap t².
This filter plug. t, can be readily screwed out and then cleaned and replaced-There
is a branch, from the casing t, below the mid-feather, which has a passage that leads
to any suitable pressure guage t, screwed into the branch as shown by the detached
view fig. 31. This guage t, shows the pressure in the cistern p.
From the casing t, there is a stand pipe to, of any desired length the upper end of
which has a casting t, screwed upon it in which a packing gland is formed the part 18,
pressing upon the packing material is screwed into the boss t', and has a handle to,
from it so as to be readily tightened and slackened.
The pipe a, of the improved burners hereinbefore described is inserted in this gland
and the tube a, while being fluid tight can freely revolve in the casting at the end of
the stand pipe.
The burner shown in fig. 29 has a wind vane, attached to the branch 4, as shown,
but it may be attached to the cover f, shown and described in reference to fig. 1.
น, is a screw plug screwing into a casting u³, attached to the top of the cistern p,
there being
a leather or other suitable washer between the flange on the screw
plug u, and facing on the casting u².
A small groove is made in the lengthway of the screw plug u, and across its
screw threads so that by slightly slackening the screw plug u, without removing
it air may be allowed to pass from the cistern p, when required.
To the screw plug u, a rod u³, of brass or other suitable material is attached
that extends nearly to the bottom of the cistern, the depth of moisture from the
combustible liquid, when this plug and rod is withdrawn, will show the depth of
that liquid in the cistern.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is.
1. The combination of one or more hollow rings (b, and 6*,) or castings with
a jet nozzle (c) from which the flame of ignited gas or vapour passes through the
said hollow rings, and an air cylinder (d) and cone (d') substantially as berein-
before described and illustrated by reference to figs. 1, 2 and 3, and figs. 5, 6,
9 and 10.
2. The combination of a hollow ring or casting (b) and heating gills or pro-
jections (9) either solid or hollow substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in reference to figs. and 2.
3. The combination of one or more hollow rings or castings (b, b*,) a jet
nozzle (c) discharging gas or vapour, an air cylinder (d) and cone (d¹) and a
cover (f) substantially as herein before described and illustrated in reference to
figs. 1 to 4 inclusive and figs. 5 to 10 inclusive.
4.-The combination of the hollow ring or rings (b, bx,) nozzle (c) cylinder (d)
cone (d¹) cover (f) and dish (e) substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
in reference to figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, and figs. 5 to 10 inclusive.
5. The chimney (h) arranged and adapted to the form of self generating gas or
vapour burners hereinbefore described and illustrated by reference to figs 5 to 10.

page_text: 6. The combination and arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by reference to figs. 1 to 4 inclusive and figs. 5
to 10 inclusive.
7. The combination and arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by reference to figs. 11,
12 and 13.
8. The combination and arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners with
duplex air cylinders and cones substantially as herein before described and illustrated
by reference to fig. 14.
9. The combination and arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners as
hercinbefore described and illustrated by reference to fig. 15 of the drawings.
10. The combination and arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners so
that the flame can be adjusted to the generating rings or castings (b, 6*,) substantially
as hereinbefore described in reference to fig. 16, and figs. 17 and 18.
11. The combination and arrangement of two or more sets of hollow rings (b, bx,)
nozzles (c,) air cylinders (d) cones (d') with one oil supply pipe (a) to form a com-
bined group of self generating gas or vapour burners substantially as hereinbefore
described in reference to figs. 19 to 21 inclusive.
12. The combination with self generating gas or vapour burners having one or
more hollow rings (b, bx,) of a spindle (2) and needle arrangement for adjusting or
entirely closing the outlet for gas or vapour substantially as hereinbefore described in
reference to fig. 22.
13. When two rings (b, bx,) are used the mode of closing the passages substantially
as described in reference to figs. 26 and 27.
14. The combination of hollow ring burners (b, bx,) and connected parts (c, d, dª,
and a) with furnaces for heating purposes substantially as described in reference to
figs. 23 and 24 and fig. 25..
15. The combination and arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners
having hollow rings (b, bx,) so that the flame will pass through the hollow rings in a
horizontal position substantially as hereinbefore described in reference to the drawings
except fig. 15.
16. The arrangement of self generating gas or vapour burners having hollow
rings (b, bx,) so that the flame will pass from them horizontally and so arranged as to
turn on a vertical axis, to suit the direction of the wind substantially as described in
reference, especially to figs. 1 to 4.
17. The use of a vane (f) to automatically keep self generating gas or vapour
burners with a hollow ring or rings (b, bx,) with the lengthway of the flame from them
in the direction of the wind substantially as herein before described in reference
to fig. 1.
18. The combination of self generating gas or vapour burners having one or more
hollow rings (b, b*,) with a cistern and connected mechanism for supplying the said
burners with oil or combustible liquid substantially as hereinbefore described in
reference to figs. 28 to 31 inclusive.
DJ Wanndranth day of December 1888.