Improvements in Friction Clutches.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Dec., 1896
La
1002
CLL
4007
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Friction Clutches.
I, HENRY JAMES HUBERT KING of Newmarket Engineering Works, Nailsworth,
Gloucestershire, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to Improvements in Friction Clutches in which a metallic
drum of Cast Iron (or any other metal) is embraced by a series of Wood Blocks
secured to a metallic hand, the wood blocks being bolted to the band on the inside.
The band is tightened by means of a right and left hand screw, made in one,
working into nuts, the ends of which nuts, are fixed on two pins, one pin is secured
into the driving arm, while the other pin is fixed into a radial arm centred on the
same driving arm.
The Right & Left Hand Screw is turned by means of a lever operated by the
usual sliding collar and lever on the shaft.
To put the Clutch in gear, the Collar is moved by a striking lever towards the
boss of the driving arm, and by which the right and left hand screw is turned.
On the Screw turning, the two nuts approach one another, and likewise the radial
arm approaches the Driving Arm. The Pins that carry the Nuts also carry the
band ends, one end has an additional screw and nut adjustment, so that when
the screw turns the metallic band, with wood blocks inside, grips the metallic
drum, giving the necessary friction to cause the driving arm and drum to become
a fast coupling. The Wood on metal has the advantage of not seizing when the
band grips the Drum, and will always come out of contact when the band is
released. By this mechanism the two nuts and the band are pulled up centrally
saving a side strain on the driving arm, and further, the radial arm prevents the
drum being pulled hard to one side by the band when it is tightened.
The smaller sizes of this Clutch are fitted with one right and left hand screw,
while the larger sizes are fitted with two right and left hand screws opposite each
other and perfectly balanced. In the single screw Clutch the driving arm has a
balance arm. The Screw and Nut adjustment allows for any required gripping
power of the band, as a provision for wear in future, and also to slip in the event
of the power transmitted, being too high.
In the ordinary Shaft Coupling the Drum is keyed on the end of one shaft,
with the driving arm keyed on the end of the other shaft with a brass bush to keep
the Clutch central in itself. In the Pulley or Wheel Clutch the drum can be bolted
to a tube or quill on which the pulley or wheel is keyed, the shaft being continuous,
passes through the inside of the tube, or quill with the driving arm keyed to the
shaft. Bearings carry the two ends of the tube to take the strain of pulley or
wheel.
Another form of Pulley, or Wheel Clutch, is with the Pulley or Wheel keyed
on a long bushed boss cast on the Drum with a collar on shaft to keep the Drum
in position.
Also another form of Pulley, or Wheel Clutch for wide pulleys or wheels, is to

page_text: have double arms, and the wheel in halves, one arm of which (or two if preferred)
takes the place of the driving arm with the Drum keyed on the continuous shaft
and the wheel running on the shaft with bushed bosses on both sides of the drum.
Drum are termed External Friction Clutches.
The aforesaid designs of Clutches with the friction band gripping the outside of
The same principle as above described can be applied to Internal Friction
Clutches in which a hollow turned disc takes the place of the drum, and the
metallic band has the wood blocks bolted outside, the necessary. friction being
obtained by expanding the band and pressing the blocks against the inside of disc,
other details the same as above described for shaft couplings, pulley or wheel
Clutches.
Dated this Tanth day of Decemben 1900
Improvements in Friction Clutches.
I, HENRY JAMES HUBERT KING of Newmarket Engineering Works, Nailsworth,
Gloucestershire, Engineer,. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to Improvements in Friction Clutches in which a
metallic drum of Cast Iron (or any other metál) is embraced by a series of Wood
Blocks secured to a metallic band, the wood blocks being bolted to the band on
the inside,
The band is tightened by means of a right-and-left hand screw, made in one;
working into nuts, the ends of which nuts, are fixed on two pins, one pin is secured
into the driving arm, while the other pin is fixed into a radial arm centred on the
same driving arm.
The right-and-left hand screw is turned by means of a lever operated by the
usual sliding collar and lever on the shaft.
In order that my said Invention may be properly understood I have annexed
hereunto 5 sheets of explanatory drawings.
Figs. 1, 2, & 3, Sheet 1, represent a shaft clutch coupling. To put the clutch
in gear the collar C is moved by a striking lever towards the boss of the driving
arm B, and by which the right-and-left hand screw F is turned. When the
screw is turned, the two nuts G and H are drawn towards each other, and there-
fore the radial arm I and the driving arm B to which the nuts G and H, are
respectively attached. The pins K and M, that carry, the nuts G and H also carry
the ends of band N-one end of which has an additional screw-and-nut adjust-
ment L so that when the screw F turns partially, the metallic band N, with wood
blocks O fastened inside, grips the metallic drum A giving the necessary friction,
to cause the driving arm and drum to become a fast coupling.
The wood on metal has the advantage of not seizing when the band grips the
drum too suddenly, and will always come out of contact when the band is released.
By this mechanism the two nuts, G and H, and the band N are pulled up
centrally, saving a side strain on the driving arm B, and further the radial arm I
prevents the drum A being pulled hard to one side by the band N when it is
tightened, while the shafting is subjected to no end thrust through the clutch being
thrown in and out of gear.
The smaller sizes of this clutch are fitted with one right-and-left hand screw

page_text: as shown in Fig. 2 Sheet 1, while the 'larger sizes are fitted with two right-and-
left hand screws opposite each other and perfectly balanced as shown in Fig. 1
Sheet 2, or with three right-and-left hand screws each at an angle of 120 degrees,
as shown in Fig. 2 Sheet 2, the letters designating the same parta as described in
Sheet 1.
In the single. screw clutch,. Figs. 1, 2, and 3, Sheet 1, the driving arm B. has a
balance arm Q..
The screw-and-nut adjustment L allows for any required gripping power of the
band, as a provision for wear in the future, and also to slip in the event of the
power transmitted being too great.
In the ordinary shaft coupling clutch the drum A, as shown in Sheet 1, is keyed
on the end of one shaft with the driving arm B.keyed on the end of the other
shaft with a brass bush P to keep the clutch central in itself.
In the Pulley or Wheel clutch, as shown in Fig. 1 Sheet 3, the drum A can be
bolted to a tube or quill R on which the pulley or wheel is keyed, the shaft S being
continuous passes through the inside of the tube or quill, with the driving arm B
keyed to the shaft.
Bearings carry the two ends of the tube to take the strain of pulley or wheel.
Another form of Pulley or Wheel Clutch, as shown in Fig. 2 Sheet 3, is with the
Pulley or Wheel keyed on a long bushed boss T cast on the drum A, with a collar U
on the shaft to keep the drum in position.
Also another form of Pulley, or wheel clutch for wide pulleys or wheels, is to
have double arms, as shown in Figs. 1, & 2, Sheet 4 and the wheel in halves.
One arm B (or two if required) takes the place of the driving arm afore described,
while the drum A is keyed on the continuous line of shaft, and the pulley or wheel
runs on the shaft with bushed bosses W on both sides of the drum A.
The aforesaid designs of clutches with the friction band gripping the outside of
drum are termed External Friction Clutches. The same principle as above
described can be applied to Internal Friction clutches, as shown in Figs. 1, & 2
Sheet 5, in which a hollow turned disc A takes the place of the drum afore
described, while the metallic band N has the wood blocks O bolted outside, the
necessary friction being obtained by expanding the band N by means of the right-
and-left hand screws F, and pressing the wood blocks O against the inside of disc A.
Other details the same as above described for external designs of shaft coupling,
pulley or wheel friction clutches.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A Friction Clutch in the form of a shaft coupling in which a metallic drum
is embraced by a flexible metallic band lined with wood blocks so that the necessary
friction is obtained by the pressure of the wood blocks on the metallic drum.
The tightening of the band being performed by one or more right-and-left
hand screws partially turned by levers and a sliding collar.
The screws work in nuts attached to the ends of the flexible metallic band and
also to one or more driving arms and radial arms.
The driving arm being keyed to one shaft and the metallic drum to the other
shaft.
The aforesaid radial arm serves the purpose of keeping the band quite central
with the drum, and also prevents the nuts when tightening from pressing drum
hard to one side. The flexible metallic hand is also provided with screw adjust-
ment to take up wear on wood blocks, and when necessary to allow the clutch to
slin if overloaded, as substantially shown on Sheets 1, and 2.
2. A Pulley or Wheel Friction Clutch, being a modification of the aforesaid
described shaft coupling, and in which the pulley or wheel is keyed on to a tube
or quill bolted to the drum, the continuous line of shafting passing through the

page_text: inside of tube or quill. Also the modification of tube or quill in which the pulley
or wheel is keyed to a long bushed boss cast in one with the drum as substantially
shown on Sheet 3. And a further design of pulley clutch in which a wide double
armed pulley or wheel in halves has self contained driving arms, and the drum in
the centre keyed on shaft, as substantially shown on Sheet 4.
3. A Friction Clutch either in the form of shaft coupling, pulley or wheel
clutch as afore described, but having an expanding metallic band, with the wood
blocks on the outside, pressed outward against the turned inside faced disc, instead
of the aforesaid external band gripping the drum, as substantially shown on
Sheet 5.