Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1896-Accepted, 24th Oct., 1895
Figs. 3, 4, and 5, are detailed views of several driving mechanisms.
Fig. 6, is a tool with two parallel cutters for making the horizontal cuts.
Figs. 7, 8, and 9, are diagrams explaining the method of working the cutting-
tools, and
Fig. 10, shows how the vertical cutting tools, standing at an angle to each other,
may be utilized in a manifold arrangement.
Fig. 11, is a plan of the adjustable toothed bars for cutting away soft earth.
Fig. 12, is a side elevation of Fig. 11.
The vertically arranged tooth discs or cutters a a, mounted at an angle to each
other, are fixed to shafts b b which have their bearings in the head piece c which
latter is mounted on the movable beam C. The movement of the beam C and of
the toothed discs or cutters r connected therewith is effected by means of a small
motor M mounted on a carriage running on rails which carriage also carries the
whole of the rest of the machine or apparatus.
Through a vertically mounted disc or wheel d' fixed on the main shaft d of the
motor M, Fig. 1, rotary motion is transmitted by a belt or its equivalent to an
horizontal disc e formed on or firmly secured to a bevel or mitre wheel f which is
rotably mounted upon a fixed vertical shaft B.
The bevel or mitre wheel fis arranged to gear or mesh with two other bevel or
mitre wheels g and r, Fig. 3. At the other or outer extremity of the shaft or
spindle, on which the bevel or mitre wheel g is mounted, is keyed a belt pulley h
from which rotary motion is transmitted to the disc i which bas mounted on its
shaft ka disc l, Fig. 2. From this disc la belt or cord is conducted over the
pulleys m, n, o, p, of which p is mounted upon the shaft or spindle 6 of one of the

page_text: cutting dises a, which latter is connected by means of bevel or mitre wheels with
the shaft of the, second cutting disc.
By means of the chain C¹ the beam C can be moved or swung around the shaft
or axle k and is capable of being held in any desired position; the chain C' is
connected at one end with a hook C ou the beam C, and its other end is wound
upon or around a drum dise or pulley g supported on the movable frame G, which
drum also has rotary motion imparted to it from the horizontal disc e by means of
the bevelled wheels fr, and the belt pulley s; Fig. 3.
To the knife or cutter head c is attached an inclined plane or chute D which
conducts the earth or blocks of rock cut away by the knives or cutters to a
transporting arrangement provided in connection with the beam C and thus effecting
a despatch of the said material to the rear. This transporting arrangement consists
of an endless band or belt E of cloth or other fabric or material, which band or
belt is led over suitable guide rollers u of which the rear one receives rotary
motion, through the belts t of the disc i. In order to prevent sliding.or falling of
the, earth or blocks of stone owing to the inclined position of the endless band or
apron E, the latter is provided at "intervals with angle irons or projections. The
endless band, belt or apron E carries the product and delivers it to a fixed inclined
plane or chute F from, which it passes to a second horizontal endless band belt or
apron H carried on rollers we supported on the carriage and one of which receives
rotary motion from the dise d' on the motor shaft through the belts . The lower
end of the vertical shaft B is fixed in a socket on the carriage, and the upper part
of the said shaft is supported by a cross-beam K which connects the side standards
of the frame G. The lower cross-beam L is provided with rollers so as to facilitate
the pivoting movement of the machine around the said vertical or upright
shaft B.
After the knives or disc, cutters have accomplished a vertical cut the beam C
must be adjusted by swinging or moving it through a certain horizontal are upon
the shaft B the extent of this are varying.in accordance with the size of the block
to be cut out, Fig. 2. For effecting this movement the mechanism shown in
Fig. 4, is employed, the arrangement of which is as follows:-On one side of the
main shaft d of the motor M is keyed a bevel or mitre wheel d³, Fig. 4, with
which either the bevel or mitre wheels d³ or d may gear alternately accordingly
as these wheels are shifted on the shaft a upwards or downwards. At one
extremity of this shaft d is fixed a toothed or spur wheel-z having, for instance,
6, teeth which gears with a toothed segment a fixed to the frame G which, as
already mentioned is movable around the shaft B. In order to swing the
machine, around the vertical shaft B in one or the other direction it is only
necessary to the wheel d or d into gearing with the wheel d. Where the
swinging or turning movement has to be effected at. a certain angle, for instance one
which would correspond to the size of the block to be cut out, the respective
wheels are maintained in gear with each other for a certain time only. This latter
object is, obtained, when the machine is turned in one direction by means of the.
toothed wheels aa and the lever a, by which the mitre or bevel wheel d³ may be.
brought into gear with the mitre or bevel wheel d².
To turn the machine, however, in the opposite direction the toothed or spur
wheel has to be put out of gear with the toothed or spur wheel on the shaft d,
and the latter has to be put into gear with the toothed or spur, wheel a²; the bevel
or mitre wheels d2 and d are thereby put in motion. The bevel or mitre wheel de
is provided with a groove with which the wheel d is connected by a hook, and
through the wheels a, 0 and d', and the shape of the said groove is such as to
effect the, raising, and lowering of the bevel or mitre wheel d on the shaft d, so
that the said bevel or mitre wheel d' is put alternately in and out of gear with the
bevel or mitre wheel d and the machine will consequently have imparted to it a
corresponding rotary or pivoting movement around the shaft B.
When horizontal cuts have to be performed, which operation will require the
mounting of the parallel knives shown in Fig. 6, on the beam C, the machine will
5

page_text: perform one swinging movement only around the vertical shaft B, and this movement
is effected by means of the arrangement represented in Fig. 5, which is practically.
similar in principle to that just described.
At the opposite end of the shaft d of the motor is fixed a bevel or mitre-
wheel a Fig. 5, which gears or meshes with a bevel or mitre wheel dш on a.
shaft d when it has been shifted into that position by a hand lever y.as shown..
The shaft is thus caused to rotate and as the toothed wheel gears or meshes-
with the toothed segment z¹ fixed as already mentioned to the frame G the desired.
movement of the machine will be obtained.
The jib A of the crane is held or supported by rods N and a chain O 'which is
wound around a drum P. On turning the said drum in one or the other direction
by means of a hand wheel, (not shown in the drawing) the chain O can be either.
elongated or shortened so as to vary the angle of the said jib 'A, and 'thereby also.
regulate the height to which the beam C may be raised. Q is a counterpoise' or
balance weight by which the beam.C, the cutting tools, transport arrangement,.
and the material lying thereon is counter balanced. On the belt or band R which
effects the rotary movement of the discs or cutters is mounted a jockey roller S.
which is loaded with a weight T, by means of which the said belt or band is
maintained always at the necessary tension for driving, whilst at the same time.
allowing in certain cases an elongation thereof to take place.
Previously to starting work with the apparatus it is necessary to produce a
cavity which forms part of a circle the radius of which will be in accordance with
the length of the beam C. After that the machine is mounted, the respective knife
or cutter heads with its knives or cutters are placed in their proper position, and
the machine is swung round the shaft B by means of the arrangement as shown
in Fig. 5, whereby the triangular cut 1, Fig. 7, results, the inclined plane or chute D
serving for the passage of the earth on to the endless band or apron transport arrange-.
ment E. Next the cuttings 2 and 3 are effected, as shown in Fig. 8, and after this
has been done the head c, with its tools and the inclined plane or chute D is turned
by 90°, being brought to the corresponding position of the parts 1, 2, 3, which have-
been cut away, and the beam C is raised together with the fast revolving knives.
cutters or discs by means of the chain C', cutting out vertical strips of a triangular
cross-section.
After this has been done the beam is again lowered, and by the arrangement shown
in Fig. 4, is brought into the proper position for a second cut, taking out another
vertical triangular strip, and so on. When the first cutting of the earth has been
removed from the wall or surface the latter will then be in a horizontal plane as
represented by the dotted lines in Fig. 8, after which the machine will not take
out or remove triangular strips but cuts away square blocks as indicated by the
dark squares in the said figure.
For cutting away soft earth or the like, toothed bars such as those shown in
Figs. 11, and 12, may be employed, instead of rotary cutting tools.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine for cutting and excavating or forming tunnels in rock and other
material, the combination of the beam C interchangeable cutting tools, a motor M,
and by independent movements, that is to say, a vertical movement effected by the
bevel or mitre wheel f rotably mounted upon the fixed shaft B with a bevel or
mitre wheel r, pulleys s and g, and the chain C₁ which latter holds the beam C in
he desired position; and either a periodical or continual horizontal movement
effected through a toothed segment fixed to the frame G, with which segment
gears or meshes the toothed wheel which through suitable toothed wheels, may
be put in motion either intermittingly or continuously in one or the other direction,
and the driving of the cutting tools a a being likewise effected from the bevel or
mitre wheel through the toothed wheel g, discs or pulleys h, i, l, and a cord band

page_text: or belt R or other driving means with the guide rollers m, n, o, p, substantially as
herein described and according to the accompanying drawings.
2. In combination with a machine for cutting and excavating an interchangeable
knife or cutter head c bearing connected with it an inclined plane or chute D whereby
the earth or blocks cut out are delivered to an endless belt band or apron E led
over rollers u u the rear one of which receives its movement by means of belts,
the disc i whereby the product is passed from the endless band belt or apron E on
to another horizontal transporting endless band or apron H supported on rollers on
the frame or carriage, and which receives motion from a disc d' on the motor shaft d,
substantially as herein described and according to the accompanying drawings.
3. In an improved machine for cutting and excavating rock and other material,
the combination of the various parts of mechanism substantially as described in the
above specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 20th day of June 1896.
J. P. BAYLY,
18 Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for the Applicant.