Improvements in or relating to Steam Boilers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left. 22nd Dec., 1894-Accepted; 30th Mar., 1895
provisionai. SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Steam Boilers.
I, WILLIAM HARMAN, of 15, Hume Street, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of
Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to steam boilers the object in view being to supply the
boiler with feed water through an apparatus designed and arranged to intercept the
heat passing out with the waste products of combustion and thereby raising
the temperature of the feed water as distinguished from an apparatus for effecting
the same purpose by intercepting or absorbing heat from the live steam or from 'the
live gases of the boiler furnace or other source of heat extraneous to that required
for working a boiler in the ordinary way.
In carrying out my invention I provide an apparatus suitably placed and
arranged for presenting a large heating surface to the waste products of combustion
as for instance coils of pipe placed within the boiler uptake care being taken that
whilst the requisite surface is exposed to the waste products of combustion as they
leave the boiler flues to raise the temperature of the feed water passed through the
apparatus the discharge of the said waste products of conibustion from the boiler
flues is not obstructed in a manner detrimental to the working of the boiler. The
feed water so heated by its passage through the heat intercepting apparatus is
delivered direct into the boiler and the teniperature of the waste products of
combustion from the boiler flues which is often as high as 600° Fahrenheit or more
is thus utilized in promoting the economical working of the boiler more especially
in the case of marine boilers where the flues are usually short and the uptake well
adapted for the accomodation of a feed water apparatus constructed according to
my invention.
In combination with such apparatus I also prefer to provide suitable means for
isolating the said apparatus from the heat of the waste products of combustion so
that the apparatus may be used to intercept heat or not at will and to this end
I provide a series of louvre boards connected together and to the same operating
lever mechanism, so that by means of a controlling lever placed in an accessible
position the louvres may be all closed together to form a partition shutting off the
waste products of combustion from the feed water heating apparatus or may be set
open so as to leave the said apparatus fully exposed to the heat of the waste
products of combustion. I also further prefer to make provision for disconnecting
or shutting off the feed water apparatus from the boiler when its use is not
desirable or economical and for passing a current of cold air through it to keep it
cool when no water is passing through.
Dated this 20th day of Mavi 1804

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Steam Boilers.
I, WILLIAM HARMAN, of 15, Hume Street, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of
Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to steam boilers, the object in view being to supply the
boiler with feed water through an apparatus designed and arranged to intercept a
portion of the heat passing out with the waste products of combustion and which
being in excess of the temperature required in the uptake, for the proper working
of the furnace, has hitherto been discharged to waste, and my said invention
thereby utilizes the heat so intercepted for raising the temperature of the feed
water as distinguished from an apparatus for effecting the same purpose by
intercepting or absorbing heat from the live steam or from the live gases of the
boiler furnace or from some other source of heat extraneous to that required for
working a boiler in the ordinary way.
In carrying out my invention I provide an apparatus suitably placed and
arranged for presenting a large heating surface to the waste products of combustion,
as for instance coils of pipe placed within the boiler uptake or thereabouts, care
being taken that whilst the requisite surface is exposed to the waste products of
combustion as they leave the boiler flues to raise the temperature of the feed water
passed through the apparatus the discharge of the said waste products of
combustion from the boiler flues is not obstructed or otherwise affected in a manner
detrimental to the working of the boiler. The feed water which is heated by its
passage through the heat intercepting apparatus is delivered direct into the boiler
and the temperature of the waste products of combustion from the boiler flues,
which is often as high as 600° or 700° Fahrenheit or more, is thus utilized in
promoting the economical working of the boiler more especially in the case of
marine boilers where the flues are usually short and the uptake well adapted for the
accomodation of a feed water apparatus constructed according to my invention.
In combination with such apparatus I also prefer to provide suitable means for
isolating the said apparatus from the heat of the waste products of combustion, and
for cooling the apparatus when not charged with water by the admission of outside
air, so that the apparatus may be used to intercept heat or not at will.
Having so far described the nature and utility of my invention, I will now
proceed to further explain the same by reference to the drawings hereto annexed,
and the manner in which my improvements are to be carried out in practice.
Referring to the drawings in which is illustrated a marine boiler fitted with my
improved feed-water heating apparatus. Figure 1 is a longitudinal view taken on
line of Figure 2, which is a corresponding end view thereof with the smoke box
shown partly in section, to better expose to view the feed water heating apparatus
and its connections in position. The boiler as shown is to be taken as representative
of boilers generally to which my invention is more especially applicable each boiler
being otherwise adapted in form, dimensions and arrangement to suit the conditions
under which it is used. The inlet for the ordinary supply of feed-water is united
at a to the coils of pipe a¹ a² a³ which coils are a convenient form of heat
intercepting apparatus placed in the boiler uptake so as to intercept heat from the
waste products of combustion passing from the boiler flues; these coils communicate
with each other and with the outlet or delivery pipe e direct to the boiler and are
controlled by the check valve d for disconnecting or shutting off the beated feed
water from the boiler when its use is not desirable or economical, e is an auxiliary
supply pipe leading from the boiler water space into the coils and controlled by a
non-return valve designed to be automatically brought into action when the
ordinary supply of feed water into the coils from the pipe e¹ happens to be expelled

page_text: or deranged by a suddenly generated pressure of steam within the coils of the
pipes a' a a³.
In order to isolate the said apparatus from the heat of the waste
products of combustion so that the apparatus may be used to intercept heat or not
at will, I provide a series of louvre boards g connected together and to the same
operating lever mechanism so that by means of a controlling lever h placed in an
accessible position as shown in Figure 2, the louvres g may be closed together to
form a partition or screen shutting off the waste products of combustion from the
feed heating apparatus or may be set open so as to leave the said apparatus fully
exposed to the heat of the waste products of combustion, or if preferred one shutter
to serve the
or screen plate may be substituted for the series of louvre boards
same purpose.
When the louvre boards g are closed and no water is passing
through the coils, a current of cold air is allowed to pass through the air valve i to
keep the apparatus cool, and this is further facilitated by providing an air space j
which allows the current of air to freely circulate in the apparatus and then pass to
the funnel b¹.
The invention is not limited to the precise arrangement of parts consisting
mainly of a system of coils of pipe as hereinbefore described with reference to a
marine boiler but can be obviously modified both as to the construction of the
feed-water heating apparatus itself and its position in the boiler, as for instance
the apparatus may be placed in the funnel 61 instead of in the uptake b, but a
convenient arrangement is shown in the drawings from which the essential features
and utility of my invention will be readily understood.
But here I would remark that the feed water should be delivered into the boiler
in the usual way when its temperature is low enough to injuriously affect the
draught of the escaping products of combustion through the uptake if passed
through the feed water heater as for instance when the boiler is being fired up
from the cold state, and generally it will be found desirable not to use the feed
water heater until the main supply of feed water has reached the usual hotwell
temperature of about 145° Fahrenheit.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. In combination with steam boilers, the use of an apparatus such as the
coils of a pipe placed in the uptake or thereabouts to intercept the heat passing
out with the waste products of combustion thereby raising the temperature of the
feed water for supplying the said boilers, substantially as herein before described
and illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. In combination with steam boilers, the general arrangement and
combination of parts constituting an apparatus for raising the temperature of the
feed water from the surplus beat of the escaping products of combustion, with or
without means for adjustably isolating the said feed water heater from the escaping
products of combustion and for cooling the said apparatus when not charged with
water by the admission of outside air all constructed and operating together
substantially as and for the purpose as hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The combination with a feed water heating apparatus, constructed and
operating as hereinbefore specified, of an auxiliary supply pipe e leading from
the boiler water space into the coils or passages of the feed water heater to
automatically re-charge the same, substantially as and for the purpose as herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1
1001
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.
G. J. CLARKSON,
Chartered Patent Agent,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.