Improvement in Machines for Forming Type Dass anu Stereotype Matrices.
Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 16th day of November 1889, Amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
•
Improvement in Machines for Forming Type Dass anu
Stereotype Matrices.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323, High Holborn, City of London, in the County
of Middlesex, England, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement.
The present invention, relates to that class of machines in which a series of
matrices or type, each bearing one or more characters, are delivered, by the action
of the finger-keys, from magazine tubes corresponding to the different letters; to
mechanism by which they are assembled in line and presented to a casting
mechanism which acts to form a bar having on its edge an impression of the
characters in the aligned matrices, after which the matrices are returned by a
suitable distributing mechanism to the magazines from which they started.
In special cases the casting mechanism may be omitted and the type of either
the male or female order combined with the composing & distributing mechanism
& with an intermediate pressure mechanism by which an impression of the aligned
type may be taken in or upon paper, papier maché. lead, plastic material, or other
suitable material. In the drawings I have represented the machine adapted to
produce type-bars such as shown at the left of figure, 1, each bar bearing in relief
the letters or type to print an entire line across a page or column.
The machine is of the same general order as that represented in one or more
patents heretofore granted to me in this country.
The invention relates more particularly to improvements in the key mechanism
for discharging the type from the magazine tubes; to an assembling mechanism;
to details of the casting mechanism and to the distributing mechanism.
In the accompanying drawings,-
Figure, 1, is a diagram illustrating the general construction and relation of the
various parts of my machine.
-
Figure, 2, is a front elevation of the machine.
Figure, 3, is a top plan view of the same.
Figure, 4, is an end elevation.
Figure, 5, is a vertical section on the line, 38, of fig. 8.
Figure, 6, is a vertical section on the line, 2-2, of fig. 3.

page_text: Figure, 7, is a vertical section through the casting and operating mechanisms, on
line, 44, of figure, 3.
Figure, 8, is a similar section of the casting mechanism with the parts in a
casting position.
Figure, 9, is a plan view of the composing mechanism.
Figure, 10, is a horizontal section on the line, 10-10, of figure, S.
Figure, 11, is a vertical section on the line, 5-5, of fig. 6.
Figure, 12, is a vertical section of the distributor on the line, 6-6, of figure, 13.
Figure, 13, is a longitudinal vertical section of the distributor on the line, 7---7,
of the preceding figure.
Figure, 14, is a top plan view of a portion of the distributor.
Figure, 15, is a section of the same on the lines, 7-7, of figure, 12.
Figure, 16, is a top plan view of the distributor rail & cams,
Figure, 17, is a horizontal section of the distributor on the line, S-S.
Figure, 18, is a section on the line, 9-9, of the preceding fig.
Figure, 19, is a view showing a number of the matrices.
Figure, 20, is a view of the space-bar used between the matrices to lengthen or
justify the line.
Figures, 21, and, 22, are a face view and an edge view of the mold-wheel.
Figure, 23, is a perspective view of the distributor rail, carrier dogs & adjacent
parts, one end shown in cross section.
Figure, 24, is a horizontal section through the magazine showing the construction
of the tubes.
Figure, 25, is a view of one of the yielding dogs used in the composing
mechanism.
Figure, 26, is a view of the slide for placing the space-bars in position between
the matrices.
Figure, 27, is a view of the adjustable devices for controlling the clamps which
hold the matrices in line.
Figure, 28, is a perspective of the dogs by which the matrices are presented to
the distributor.
Figure, 29, is a view of the clutch which drives the carrier dogs of the
distributor.
Figure, 30, is a cross section showing the manner in which the distributor bars
are discharged from the line of matrices.
Figures, 31, &, 32, are respectively a vertical section & a bottom plan view
showing a modified form of the carrier dogs.
Figure, 33, is a view of the clutch mechanism by which the machine is driven.
Figure, 34, is a plan view of the devices for assembling the matrices, transferring
them to the casting mechanism & giving the alarm when the line reaches a pre-
determined length, and-
Figure, 35, is a cross section of the preceding parts.
Referring to the drawings,-
A. A. represent a series of matrices or type such as shown in detail in figure. 19.
or of other equivalent form, each having in one of its vertical edges an intaglio
character, a. and at its upper end two suspending shoulders, b. at opposite edges.
Each matrix is also provided above the shoulders, h, with two or more pairs of
shoulders, e, and, d, each pair consisting of two shoulders at opposite edges. Each
matrix is also provided in the upper end with a central groove or notch. ".. having
its edges underent. Matrices bearing like characters are alike in every particular
but any matrix bearing a given letter differs from every matrix bearing a different
letter in the distance between its shoulders, c. its shoulders. 7, or the width of the
notch, e, at its upper edge, or in two or more of these parts.
These differences are the means by which the distributing mechanism distinguishes
between the different matrices to secure their delivery to the proper tubes as herein
after described.

page_text: These matrices form the basis of my machine, and it is to their assemblage,
justification, presentation to the casting mechanism and their final distribution to
the magazines from which they started, that the machine proper is directed.
B, B. represent a series of upright magazine tubes fixed in position, their upper
ends being preferably expanded and curved outward from each other as shown.
At the lower mouth of each tube there is a vertically moving discharge-arm, C,
having a vertical opening through which the matrices descend from the magazine
to the horizontal guide or channel, D. Each arm contains two pivoted dogs, o¹,
with outwardly extending arms, P:
Each arm, C, is held in a normally elevated position by springs n, and connected
by a rod, r, with a finger key, s. The lower matrix in the tube descending into
the arm. C, passes between the dogs, o¹, which engage the shoulders at its upper
end, holding it in suspension. A depression of the finger key causes the arm, C.
to descend until the outer ends of the dogs, o engage stationary shoulders, g.
whereby the dogs are caused to release the matrix & drop the same out of the arm
into the guide, D, where they are sustained by their shoulders bearing thereon.
The next matrix above is prevented from descending until the key rises again
by plates, i, 1, on the lower ends of swinging arms, k. These plates extend across
the entire series of magazines and serve to support the matrices in all the tubes.
The two arms, k, are joined together at their upper ends so that their lower ends
swing apart at the same time. Their separation is caused at frequent and regular
intervals by one of the arms extending downward as in figure, 6, & engaging at its
lower end with a constantly revolving cam on the shaft, Z.
In order to limit the rapidity with which the keys are operated and to lock a
keydown until its matrix is discharged, I employ a vibrating bar, X in Fig.6 attached
to upright pivoted arms acted upon by a cam wheel on the shaft, Z. This bar
extends beneath all the arms, C. & vibrates beneath an angular notch therein as
seen in figure, 6. A key can only descend when the bar is in the proper position
beneath the notch, & if down at the time the bar is vibrated it will be locked
thereby. This locking action is almost instantaneous but is sufficient for practical
purposes.
To insure the rising action of the arms. C. the bar. T. 7 is extended beneath the
series and sustained at its ends by cams on the shaft. Z. This bar rising & falling
at frequent intervals, cooperates with the bar, to insure the proper action of the
discharge arm, C. as it is subjected to the influences of the finger-keys, s. The
guide rails, D, to which the matrices are delivered, are extended to the left a
suitable distance beyond the magazines so that the matrices may be assembled
thereon in close order previous to their transfer to the casting mechanism.. An
endless belt, F, travels horizontally below the magazines & discharging-arms, C, and
carries a series of pivoted spring-supported arms, E, which travel between the
guide rails, D, so that as the matrices are delivered to the rails the fingers, E, more
them rapidly thereover to the point of assemblage at the left.
The yielding fingers shown in detail in figure. 25, prevent breakage or injury of
the parts in the event of a matrix being caught or held in any manner. Beyond
the belt there are two horizontally revolving fingers, I, acting through slots from
opposite sides of the guides, D. These receive the matrices in succession from the
carrier fingers, E, and advance them still further to the left. Retrograde action of
the matrices prevented by pawls. H, between and beyond which they are carried
by the fingers, I. As the matrices are assembled they are held in compact order.
that is to say, in close order by a yielding resistant, 68, shown in figures, 9, 34,
and, 35, which may be of any suitable construction provided it is adapted to be
moved out of the way when the line of matrices is to be advanced past it to the
casting mechanism. As shown it consists of a horizontal. finger mounted on a
horizontal shaft, on a sliding bar. d, connected to a weighted cord, m, which holds
the finger against the advancing matrices. Marks or graduations, p, are provided
on the rail, D, beneath the finger, 68, that the operator may know when the line of

page_text: matrices has reached the proper length. To give an audible alarm when the proper
limit is reached the shaft of the finger is provided with an arm or striker, 78. to act
on the adjustable bell, g³. The arm is maintained by a pivoted dog, 18, as the
parts are moved ahead by the matrices. This arm encounters a small trip-arm, 8,
by which the striker is permitted to sound the bell, the finger, 68, being at the same
time lifted out of the path of the matrices. At the extreme left of the guides, D,
& forming a continuation thereof is a forked head, J, to which the line of matrices
is transferred from the rails, D.
This head, J, maintains the matrices in front of the mould during the casting
operation & subsequently lifts them to the distributing mechanism, at a higher level
as hereinafter explained.
The
To permit this vertical motion of the lifting head, J, it is supported by a suitable
vertical shaft, n³, m³, figures, 1, 3, & 4, which slides in fixed bearings. The transfer of
the matrices from the rails, D, to this head, J, is effected by securing the pawls, H.
to one end of the horizontally sliding rod, K, as shown in figures, 2 &, 9. provided
with an operating handle. The casting mechanism consists of a mould wheel, L, a
melting pot, Q, for delivering metal to the mold, & a clamping mechanism for
holding the matrices in compact order and against the face of the mold.
mold consists of a vertical wheel, L, having an opening or mold proper, , formed
therethrough from one face to the other as in Figures, 7, 8, 21. and, 22, this cell
being of the exact size of the bar to be produced. The mold wheel is mounted on
a horizontal shaft, ', which is in turn mounted on a horizontally sliding plate, el,
as seen in figure, 7. The plate is moved to and fro at suitable intervals, by
teeth,, or a wheel, 2, the teeth engaging a pinion on the end of the mold-
shaft, .
The melting pot, Q, is also arranged to slide horizontally to a limited extent, & is
moved at proper intervals by an arm, L', adjustably fixed thereto and engaging
with a grooved cam-wheel, ³.
In front of the mold-wheel there is a horizontally sliding head, O supported by
suitable guide arms bearing the main frame & moved by an arm, , and engaging
a grooved cam-wheel, 72.
When the matrices are transferred to the supporting head, J, they are suspended
thereby in front of the mold between the mold-wheel & the head, 0, as shown in
figure, 7, the characters of the matrices being presented in a line directly opposite
the front of the mold opening. The head. O, is designed to force and hold the
matrices tightly against the face of the mold.
In order that it may also hold them laterally against each other the head, 0, is
provided at its two ends with horizontally movable clamps, a², connected by a
right and left screw, d², as shown in figures 8 &, 10. The screw is automatically
operated as shown in figure, 27, by a bar, 2, engaging an arm adjustably fixed to
one end of the screw, the bearing being in turn connected at its lower end, as
shown in figure, 8. with a vertically movable slide hereinafter described. During
the entrance of the matrices between the clamp and the mold the head, 0, and its
jaws, a³, stand in a forward position as shown in figure, 7, out of the path of the
matrices. After the matrices are in position in front of the mold, the head, 0,
advances in the direction indicated by the arrow in figure. 7, so that the jaws, a,
straddle or embrace the matrices as in figure, 10. At this time the screw acts to
close the jaws, a², toward each other to a predetermined limit while the jaw, 0,
advances and forces the matrices tightly against the face of the mold so that they
serve to close its front.
At or about the same time the mold is advanced toward the matrices and the
melting pot advances against the rear face of the mold. A force-pump, R, similar
to that used in type-founding machines, is maintained in the melting pot and
operated by mechanism shown to force the molten metal at the proper time from
the pot into the mold opening where it assumes the form of a bar having on one
edge an impression of the characters presented by the line of matrices. After the

page_text: metal is set the pot retreats from the mold, the mold retreats from the matrices, the
clamps are restored to their original positions, & the mold wheel revolves until
the cast therein is presented in front of an ejector slide, y², operated by a grooved
cam-wheel. This slide acts to drive the cast out of the mold through the front
and through an opening in the head, O, to a receiving arm, ².
This arm mounted on a horizontal pivot makes a half revolution, turning
the casting over upon a supporting-plate 3, which is mounted in a galley or
receiver, 3, whereby the type-bars are assembled in a column. To give the base
of the casting a the smooth & finished appearance of a type-bar a stationary knife, 13,
may be fixed to the frame as shown in figure, 2, to act on the casting during the
revolution of the mold wheel. Referring next to the distributing mechanism it
will be found to consist simply of a series of plates, U. attached to an endless belt
moving horizontally over the upper ends of the magazine tubes, each plate
provided with a series of dogs which engage the upper ends of the matrices
carrying them in a pendant position over the mouths of the magazine tubes until
stationary cams cause the dogs to release the matrices that they may descend into
the proper tubes. The details of construction are plainly shown in figures, 12, 16,
17. 18, and, 23.
The dogs are arranged to slide transversely of the carrier plates, & are urged
inward by spiral springs, 6. The inner end of each dog stands directly opposite a
corresponding dog on the opposite side of the plate. the opposing dogs serving to
act upon opposite edges of a matrix and maintain the same between them. There
are two series of dogs, at, and, as, one above the other. The upper dogs are
designed to engage the upper shoulders, b, of the matrix, while the lower dogs
engage the lower shoulders, c. In this manner each matrix is sustained as shown
in fig. 23, by a pair of dogs. Each dog is provided at its outer end with a
transverse notch to engage the stationary operating cams along which it is carried
by the movement of the traveling plates, U. These cams or rails are constructed
as shown in figs. 12, 14, 16, & 17. The upper cams, engage the upper dogs
while the lower cams, d, engage the lower dogs. As shown in the several figs. the
distance between the corresponding cams varies at different points in their length,
or, in other words, the cams are constructed with a series of offsets or shoulders, the
effect of which is to slide the dogs outward from each other in order that they
may release the matrices & permit them to fall into the magazine tubes. It will
be remembered that a matrix bearing a given character differs from those hearing
other characters in the width between its shoulders. Now the cams which operate
the dogs are so arranged with respect to each other & to the width between the
shoulders of the matrices that the two pairs of dogs which sustain a matrix are
separated only when the matrix is over the mouth of the appropriate magazine
tube. Either the upper part or the lower dogs may be repeatedly separated before
the matrix reaches the point of deposit but the action of the dogs will in
the meantime sustain the matrix & prevent it from falling. It is manifest that
the form & relative arrangement of the cam shoulders may be modified at will,
provided that the dogs bearing a given matrix shall be separated simultaneously &
sufficiently to release the matrix only when they are over the appropriate tube.
For the purpose of transferring the matrices from the lifting head, J, to the
distributing mechanism I arrange at the top of the machine, a pair of stationary
rails, T. which form a continuation of the lifting head. J, when the latter is in its
highest position. I also provide a horizontal slide, S, which is urged constantly
inward by a spiral spring, 3. & which acts when released to advance the line of
matrices from the head, J, to the rails, T. & along the latter to a point beneath the
traveling plates, U. They are arrested in their advance by upright fingers, w³,
& are lifted one at a time between the dogs passing thereover by a vertically
reciprocating finger, ³, pivoted to a vibrating arm. The cams are so constructed
that the dogs are separated to the widest extent at the time they are brought over
the lifting-finger., thus permitting the matrices to be introduced between them.

page_text: Immediately after the insertion of the matrix the dogs advanced by the plate aro-
released by the cams and permitted to close upon the matrix.
As an additional means of discriminating between the matrices bearing different
characters & of ensuring their release at the proper point, I make use of a dove
tail rail, e, secured at one end & extended horizontally between the inner ends of
the dogs as shown in figures 12, 14, 16, 17, & 23. This rail is divided into
longitudinal sections diminishing successively in width toward the rear end as
shown in fig. 16, or if preferred is tapered from the front to the rear end. Matrices
bearing the different characters have the notches, e, in their upper ends made of
corresponding widths. As the matrices are advanced their edges embrace the rail
which prevents them from falling until they have advanced to a point at which
the rail is sufficiently narrow to pass through the upper edge of the notch.
this rail is employed the matrix will be sustained until it arrives at its destination
although both pairs of dogs may be released at the same time.
When
It will thus be seen that by making use of the rail I am enabled to provide for
certain distribution of a much greater number of matrices than would otherwise be
possible. The use of the rail also permits the cam rails to be divided into sections
of corresponding length the shoulders on each division being duplicates of those
on another. This permits a greater variation between the successive shoulders.
It permits a correspondingly greater variation between the width of the shoulders
on the different matrices, & avoids that delicacy of construction and uncertainty
of action otherwise inevitable.
In order to prevent the lifting of more than one matrix at a time by the finger,
I provide a plate, m, located centrally between the supporting rails, T, & provided
on its top with a horizontal rib which engages notches, f, in the lower ends of the
matrices. As each matrix advances to the point at which it is to be lifted it
passes beyond this rib & disengages therefrom while the remaining matrices are
held thereby. To secure the proper action of this rib, the matrices being of
various thicknesses they should be milled to uniform thickness adjacent to the
notch f, as shown in fig. 19. The carrier plates of the distributor may be operated
by any appropriate mechanism but I recommend the construction shown in the
drawings in which, 95, represents a driven pinion engaging directly with gear
teeth formed on the rear faces of the plates. This pinion is formed on a horizontal
shaft which receives motion through a clutch mechanism from a gear wheel. 5.
driven by a pinion, as shown in figs. 12, and 14. This clutch, which may be
of any ordinary form, is controlled by an arm, 76, which carries the arms, w³, before
alluded to. A spring, de, acts to urge these arms toward the advancing matrices.
While the matrices bear against the arm the clutch remains in engagement and the
carriers continue their movement. When however, the lowest matrix in the line
is lifted to the carrier plates the arm, w¹, are thereby released & the clutch
The
permitted to disengage so that the motion of the carrier plates is stopped.
lifting finger, a³, is operated by a roller on one side entering a serpentine groove, 1,
in a wheel, h, secured to the shaft of the pinion, g.
This connection of the parts ensures the elevation of the lifting finger at a time
when the dogs are directly thereover in position to engage the matrix. The slide, S.
by which the matrices are advanced to the distributor is connected to an upright
arm, 3, actuated by a cam which causes the retraction of the slide when the head, J.
is lifted to place the matrices before it. For the purpose of justifying the line of
matrices that is to say, expending cepanding the same to the predetermined limit
whenever it is found impossible to add another word or syllable thereto, I make use of
justifying slides, M, such as represented in figure, 19. This slide consists of a long
tapered body and a small reversely tapered plate connected to its side by a sliding
joint, the plate or head being provided as shown at its opposite edges with shoulders
by which the bar may be suspended between the rails and in front of the casting
mechanism in the same manner that the matrices are suspended. In order that
these space-bars may be inserted at the proper points in the line of matrices during

page_text: their assemblage or composition I suspend them in series directly over the rails, D),
on which the matrices travel to the point of assemblage, and provide means for
stopping them one at a time between the guides immediately behind the preceding
matrices. Referring to the various figures, N, represents the rails by which the
space bars are suspended.
These rails are inclined downward toward the delivery end that the bars may
descend by gravity toward a vertically reciprocating slide, m³, the lower end of
which is recessed to receive the head of a single bar. When the slide rises the bar
seats itself therein and when the slide is depressed it carries the bar downward
between the rails, D. The next advancing matrix forces the space bar before .it
out of engagement with the slide and the latter rises to receive the next bar. The
slide, m', is connected as shown, or in any other appropriate manner, with a
finger-key by which it is operated. In order that a matrix dropped between the
rails, D, may be certain to pass beyond the point at which the space-bars are
delivered before the descent of a space-bar subsequently designated, I provide a
mechanism which prevents the slide, m', from being actuated except at suitable
intervals which are sufficiently long to permit the passage of the matrix to the
required point. This mechanism is shown in figures, 5, and, 6.
A lever, b', pivoted to the frame acts at its upper end to prevent the descent of
slide, m. The lower end of this lever stands adjacent to the roll, a', which drives
one end of the carrier chain, F. In this roll there are mounted two longitudinal
slides, e, which have at the inner end a stud or projection seen in figure, 6. The
finger-key for spacing purposes denominated the spacing-key is connected by a
rod, r, to an angular lever, e, which is jointed to an arm, d', designed to engage
projections on the slides, et, to move them endwise and bring their projections into
position to act on lever, b, and thereby release the device for discharging the
space-bars. The lever et, is controlled by the locking-bar, r, in the same manner
that the other keys are controlled so that the space-key can only be operated at the
instant the slides, et, are opposite the lever d'. The space-bars carried with the line
of matrices in front of the mold hang downward as shown in figure, 7, directly over
the upper end of a vertical slide, P, mounted in the clamping-head, 0, and connected
at its lower end to one end of a weighted lever, , which acts when released to
carry the slide, P, upward causing it in turn to drive upward the bodies of all the
space bars the effect of which is to increase the width of the spaces in the lines,
expand the line to the predetermined limit, and force the matrices tightly against
each other to prevent the entrance of the metal between them. The movement of
the weighted lever is controlled and the depression of the slide, P, effected by a
cam, k, acting on a roller on the lever, , as seen in figure, 7. This action occurs
after the jaws, a2, have been moved inward to the proper point.
The space-bars are lifted with the matrices to the upper supporting rails, T, and
are advanced by the slide, S, until they reach a point at which their heads are
permitted to escape through and between the rails, T. They descend into a
vertically slotted head. X, which is at the proper time lowered to the level of the
rails, N, to which they are transferred by a sliding rod, e, shown in figure. 2. This
rod is attached to an arm f, urged forward by a spring, 6, and retracted at the
proper time by a pin, 6, on the rod which supports the lifting-head, J.
The arrangement of the cams for imparting motion to the various parts is plainly
represented in figure, 4, the entire series being mounted as shown on the single
vertical shaft. A, driven by a clutch mechanism connecting the two parts of the
divided shaft. B. the outer end of which receives a continuous motion.
The spring tends to throw the clutch into engagement but it is held normally
out of engagement by a hooked arm, e, connected to an intermediate arm, g, which
is in turn connected to a rod. 7. This rod is in such position that when the rod, K,
is moved to carry the matrices to the casting mechanism it will act on the rod, 7,
and trip the clutch into action, thereby starting the various parts connected with
the casting devices.

page_text: At the completion of the casting operation the clutch is thrown automatically
out of engagement by a cam wheel acting on a lever which carries the hook c'.
OPERATION.
The finger-keys designating the characters to be printed are operated in proper
order. The matrices are thereby dropped through the action of the arms, C, from
the magazine tubes to the guide rails, D, from which they are advanced by the
fingers, E, on the chain, F, to the rotating arms, I, which advance them still
further along the rails, adding each matrix to the end of the preceding line, the
advance of the line being resisted by the finger, 68. During the assemblage of the
matrices the space-key is operated & the space-bars introduced into the line at
suitable points. When the line has reached the proper limit, as indicated by the
scale on the alarm mechanism, the rod, K, is moved to the left, whereupon the
pawls, H, carry the line along the rails beneath the finger, 68, to the lifting head, J,
directly in front of the mold. The head, O, advances so that its jaws, a², are
carried past opposite ends of the line of matrices.
These jaws then move inward to the proper points.
The head, O, moves against the outer edge of the matrices; the mold is advanced
against their inner edges & the melting-pot carried forcibly against the mold. The
parts being now in the position shown in figure, 8, the pump operates to fill the
inold with molten metal, which instantly assumes the form of a bar bearing the
type in relief on its edge. The head and jaws and the melting pot then recede.
The mold retreats from the matrices in order to withdraw the type therefrom.
The mold-wheel revolves and the ejector, y², advances delivering the type bar to the
receiving devices. The ejector then retreats and the head, J, rises, presenting the
matrices in front of the slide, S, which transfers them to the rails, T, whence they
are delivered to the dogs of the carrier plates, advanced to the mouths of the
appropriate tubes and delivered therein.
Immediately after the delivery of the matrices therefrom the head, J. descends
to its original position and the operation of the parts is repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is.-
1. In a machine for forming type-bars or matrices for type surfaces, a melting-
pot a mold, a series of matrices, composing fingers, and means substantially as
described, whereby the matrices assembled for one line may be maintained in
position at an intermediate point separated from those before and after them.
2. In a machine for producing type-bars or matrices, the composing fingers, a
series of matrices or dies, finger-keys, and mechanism actuated by finger-keys for
delivering the matrices to the composing mechanism.
3--In-a-machine-for-forming--type- bars,---a--series-of---matrices-having letters--or
characters--in--positive--form--therein, -&--mechanism--substantially---as--described,--for
assembling--said--matrices--in--line--with--their-- characters---in---view-of--the--operator-;
whereby-he--is--enabled--to--inspeet--the--line--previous--to-its--delivery-to--subsequently
aeting-mechanism,-to-the-end-that-errors-therein-may-be-corrected.
+ 3. The matrix formed with the suspending shoulders, b, and reduced in width
above the same to produce the shoulders, c, and, d.
4. The matrix provided with the suspending shoulders, b, upper shoulders, e, and
an undercut notch in the upper end.
5. The matrix provided with the sustaining or suspending shoulders at the top,
and with an intaglio character in one of its vertical edges.
7: 6. The matrix provided with suspending shoulders at its upper end and with
the notch or shoulder, f, in the lower end, substantially as and for the purpose
described.

page_text: S. 7. The series of matrix-plates provided with sustaining shoulders, b, of uniform
size, and with upper shoulders, c, c, d, d, differing in the extent of their separation
in matrices representing different characters.
9. 8. In a mechanism for assembling and distributing matrices a series of upright
magazine tubes grouped closely together in line at their lower ends but separated
at their upper ends substantially as and for the purpose described.
19. The magazine tubes in combination with automatic periodically actuated
detents common to the series of tubes, whereby the matrices are released so that
they may escape when free from resistance thereunder.
H10. The magazine tubes and the automatic periodically actuated dogs or detents
to release the matrices therefrom, in combination with finger-keys and escapement
keys actuated by the finger-keys and provided with dogs or detents to receive the
matrices from the magazine and carry them positively downward.
11. The magazine to hold the matrices one above another, and the fixed rails to
sustain the matrices as they are disengaged from the magazine, in combination
with the dogs, i, i, to hold the matrices in the magazine & the vertically movable
escapement keys, C, provided with automatic dogs to receive the matrices & transfer
them positively one at a time to the rails.
13.12. In combination with the matrix sustaining rail the endless belt provided
with yielding spring-supported fingers to advance the matrices.
4. 13. The combination substantially as described & shown of the magazine tubes,
the periodically actuated dogs or detents to retain the matrices therein, the
escapement keys to transfer the matrices to the assembling mechanism, and the
automatic device to prevent the descent of the keys during regular intervals, and
to hold down in the meantime those keys which have been already depressed.
15: 14. In combination with the matrix sustaining rail&the conveying or assembling
belt, the rotary arms, I, to advance the matrices one at a time as they are presented
by the belt.
46. 15. In combination with the matrix sustaining rails, the pawls & sliding support
for the pawls, whereby they may be moved lengthwise of the rails to advance the
assembled matrices.
16. In combination with horizontal rails or supports whereon the matrices are
advanced & assembled in line, a series of independent space-bars and over-head
devices substantially as described, for dropping said bars one at a time into the
accumulating line of matrices.
18. 17. In combination with the space-bar supports, N, the vertically reciprocating
slide adapted to engage the space-bars & transfer them one at a time to the line of
assembled matrices.
19. 18. The slide, m³, to deliver the space-bars, its depressing spring, its elevating
cam, and the detent lever, 64, to prevent the descent of the slide, in combination
with the roller, the slide thereon to trip the detent lever, & the slide-adjusting
device connected with the space-key: whereby the depression of the key causes
the slide to trip the detent and permit the slide m', to and a space-bar to the line
of matrices.
20. 19. In combination with the matrices and their sustaining rails, the clamp to
act on the edges of the aligned matrices, & the two jaws movable therewith & also
movable to and from each other; whereby the matrices may be confined laterally
against each other and against the mold."
20. In combination with the matrices & a support therefor, the reciprocating.
clamp 0, the sliding jaws, a, & the screws, d³.
22 21. In combination with the matrices and devices substantially as described to
sustain the same in line, the rotary mold movable to & from the matrices, & the
melting pot movable to and from the mold.
23. 22. The rotary mold, the matrices, & mechanism substantially as described
for filling the mold, in combination with the ejector, & operating devices sub-

page_text: stantially as described for presenting the mold to the matrices & the ejector
alternately.
4 23. In combination with the independent matrices & their supporting rails, the
rotary mold movable to & from the matrices, the melting pot movable to & from
the mold, the clamping devices movable to & from the matrices, & mechanism
substantially as described for operating said parts as set forth.
26: 24. In combination with the independent matrices and supporting rails for the
selected & aligned matrices, the clamp, 0, the jaws, a², to confine the matrices
laterally, the space-bars, and the plate, P, to advance the space bars simultaneously:
whereby the line is expanded or elongated to fill the predetermined space between
the jaws, a.
26: 25. The reciprocating clamp, O, having the jaws, a², and plate l', both mounted
thereon, whereby the jaws are carried into position to confine the matrices at
the same time that the plate is placed in position to cause their spreading
action.
27. 26. The movable clamp, 0, the rotary mold, the reciprocating plate, on which
the mold shaft is mounted & the movable melting pot, in combination with the
single shaft & its cam wheels for imparting motion to the above named parts as
described and shown.
28: 27. In combination with the rails, J, to sustain the aligned matrices, the sliding
clamp, O, provided with a lip, a, to engage the rails, substantially as described
and shown, whereby the rails and matrices are brought with certainty to the
proper positions.
instant-removal-when-filled.
20. In combination --with--the-turning delivery-finger, the galley,---and---devices
substantially--sneh--as--shewn--seeuring--the--galley --
---to-the--frame--and-permittingits
30.-In--a-machine-for--producing--type-bars & in eombination--with-means--substau-
tially--as--described--for--delivering--the--bare--thereto,--the--upright--galley--or--receiver
hinged--in--plaee;--se--that--it--may--be-turned-upward- to--permit- convenient--inspection
therein:
34 28. In combination with casting
clamping mechanisms and an elevated
distributing mechanism substantially as described, the matrix-sustaining rails, J,
secured to a vertical sliding guide, & adapted to reciprocate as described directly
between the casting and distributing mechanisms.
32. 29. A mechanism for carrying a matrix to a predetermined point & there
depositing it, consisting of a travelling carrier provided with two opposing dogs
or jaws to engage opposite sides of the matrix, and cams to open said jaws when
they reach the proper limit of discharge.
830. In a mechanism for distributing matrices, having necks of different widths,
the combination of traveling plates or carriers, spring actuated dogs or jaws in
said carriers to engage the edges of the matrices, and a series of stationary cams to
cause the opening of the jaws at different points in their course of movement
whereby the respective matrices are discharged at different points.
34:31. A series of matrices each having two or more necks, and each matrix
differing in the width of one or both of its necks from those bearing different
characters, in combination with traveling plates or haree ers carriers provided with
spring-actuated dogs or clamps, to engage independently the two necks of the
matrices, and a series of stationary cams distributed along the path of the carrier
and adapted as described & shown to open the dogs which hold each matrix
simultaneously at the point where the matrix is to be distributed.
3. 32. In combination with a series of matrices having under-cut or dove-tail
notches in their upper ends differing in size in the respective matrices, a sustaining
rail or bar varying in width at different points substantially as described: whereby
the respective matrices are released at different points.

page_text: 33 33. In combination with matrices substantially such as described & shown,
a suspending rail or bar, e, of varying width and means for advancing the matrices
thereover.
34. In combination with the independent matrices and the traveling carriers
provided with sustaining dogs to engage the matrices, the cams to open all the
dogs, and a reciprocating finger to pass the matrices one at a time between
the dogs.
8 35. In combination with the matrix sustaining rails, T, and the slides, S, to
urge the matrices constantly forward thereon, the finger, ³, to elevate the matrices
one at a time, the device, w³, to momentarily sustain the elevated matrices, the
traveling plates provided with dogs to sustain the matrices, & the cams to open
the dogs for the admission of the matrices, substantially as described: whereby the
matrices are separated & delivered independently to the carrier preparatory to
their distribution.
3. 36. The traveling distributor plates, u, in combination with the driving clutch
& intermediate gear, & the yielding clutch controlling finger, w³, adapted to be
moved by the matrices; whereby the distributor-plates are caused to stop when
the supply of matrices is exhausted.
40: 37. In combination with the sustaining rails, & the matrices adapted to be
suspended thereby, the space bars of a width less than the matrices, adapted to
descend between the rails; whereby the space-bars may be dropped from the line
without releasing the matrices.
38. In combination with the vertically movable rails, J. to sustain the matrices
& space-bars, the receiving rails, T, the spring actuated slides, S, & means substan-
tially as described for positively retracting said slide before the rails, J, complete
their ascent whereby the matrices are transferred to and urged constantly forward
upon the rails, T, that they may be passed to the distributing devices.
42 39. In combination with the devices for delivering the space-bars thereto, the
vertically movable carrier, the supports, N, & the device for transferring the bars
from the carrier to the said supports.
440. In combination with the casting & clamping mechanisms, and their driving
clutch substantially as described, pawls or carriers, H, to transfer the previously
aligned matrices to the clamping and casting device and a pawl carrier, K,
arranged to actuate the driving clutch, substantially as described: whereby the
action of transferring the matrices is caused to start the clamping and casting
mechanism.
41. In an organized machine for producing type-bars, the combination substan-
tially as hereinbefore described of the following elements: the independent matrices,
the magazine to contain the matrices, the finger keys and their connections sub-
stantially as described, to effect the discharge of the matrices one at a time from
the magazine, the composing mechanism to assemble or align the matrices dis-
charged from the magazine, the casting mechanism embracing the force pump, the
mold & the melting pot, the automatic clamping mechanism to confine the matrices
against the mold, mechanism substantially as shown to elevate the matrices from
the mold to the distributing mechanism substantially as described for returning
the matrices to the magazines.
45 42. In combination with the guide rails, and a series of matrices arranged to
move thereon, a stationary scale adjacent to said guide, & a finger adapted to be
advanced by the action of the type over said scale said finger mounted sub-
stantially as described that it may be moved out of the path of the type to permit
their advance at the completion of the assembling or composing operation.
46. 43. In combination with rails or guides for the aligned matrices, a yielding
finger to resist their advance, & automatic mechanism substantially as described to
prevent their retrograde motion; whereby the matrices are held in compact form
as they are assembled.

page_text: 47 44. In combination with the matrix & guides therefor, the yielding finger
extending transversely of the guides at an intermediate point in their length to
resist the advance of the matrices & movable from the path of the matrices sub-
stantially as described; whereby the matrices may be permitted to continue their
advance in the guides beyond the finger.
48. 45. In combination with the stationary bell, the sliding support having the
finger, 3, the striker & the detent thereon, the stationary trip-arm to release the
detent and means substantially as described for advancing the matrices against
the finger.
Dated this 13th day of July 1886
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents.

page_text: Stereotype Matrices.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 323, High Holborn, City of London, in the County
of Middlesex, England, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The present invention, relates to that class of machines in which a series of
matrices or type, each bearing one or more characters, are delivered,. by the action
of the finger-keys, from magazine tubes corresponding to the different letters; to
mechanism by which they are assembled in line and presented to a casting
mechanism which acts to form a bar having on its edge an impression of the
characters in the aligned matrices, after which the matrices are returned by a
suitable distributing mechanisin to the magazines from which they started.
In special cases the casting mechanism may be omitted and the type of either
the male or female order combined with the composing & distributing mechanism
& with an intermediate pressure mechanism by which an impression of the aligned
type may be taken in or upon paper, papier maché, lead, plastic material, or other
suitable material. In the drawings I have represented the machine adapted to
produce type-bars such as shown at the left of figure, 1, each bar bearing in relief
the letters or type to print an entire line across a page or column.
The machine is of the same general order as that represented in one or more
patents heretofore granted to me in this country.
The invention relates more particularly to improvements in the key mechanism
for discharging the type from the magazine tubes; to an assembling mechanism;
to details of the casting mechanism and to the distributing mechanism.
In the accompanying drawings.—
Figure, 1, is a diagram illustrating the general construction and relation of the
various parts of my machine.
Figure, 2, is a front elevation of the machine.
Figure, 3, is a top plan view of the same.
Figure, 4, is an end elevation.
Figure, 5, is a vertical section on the line, 3-3, of fig. 3.
Figure, 6, is a vertical section on the line. 2-2. of fig. 3.

page_text: 10
Figure, 7, is a vertical section through the casting and operating mechanisms, on
line, 4-4, of figure, 3.
Figure, 8, is a similar section of the casting mechanism with the parts in a
casting position.
Figure, 9, is a plan view of the composing mechanism.
Figure, 10, is a horizontal section on the line, 10-10, of figure, 8.
Figure, 11, is a vertical section on the line, 5-5, of fig. 6.
Figure, 12, is a vertical section of the distributor on the line, 6-6, of figure, 13.
Figure, 13, is a longitudinal vertical section of the distributor on the line, 7-7,
of the preceding figure.
Figure, 14, is a top plan view of a portion of the distributor.
Figure, 15, is a section of the same on the lines, 7-7, of figure, 12.
Figure, 16, is a top plan view of the distributor rail & cams.
Figure, 17, is a horizontal section of the distributor on the line, 8-8.
Figure, 18, is a section on the line, 9-9, of the preceding fig.
Figure, 19, is a view showing a number of the matrices.
Figure, 20, is a view of the space-bar used between the matrices to lengthen or
justify the line.
Figures, 21, and, 22, are a face view and an edge view of the mold-wheel.
Figure, 23, is a perspective view of the distributor rail, carrier dogs & adjacent
parts, one end shown in cross section.
Figure, 24, is a horizontal section through the magazine showing the construction
of the tubes.
Figure, 25, is a view of one of the yielding dogs used in the composing
mechanism,
Figure, 26, is a view of the slide for placing the space-bars in position between
the matrices.
Figure, 27, is a view of the adjustable devices for controlling the clamps which
hold the matrices in line.
Figure, 28, is a perspective of the dogs by which the matrices are presented to
the distributor.
Figure, 29, is a view of the clutch which drives the carrier dogs of the
distributor.
Figure, 30, is a cross section showing the manner in which the distributor bars
are discharged from the line of matrices.
Figures, 31, &, 32, are respectively a vertical section & a bottom plan view
showing a modified form of the carrier dogs.
Figure, 33, is a view of the clutch mechanism by which the machine is driven.
Figure, 34, is a plan view of the devices for assembling the matrices, transferring
them to the casting mechanism & giving the alarm when the line reaches a pre-
determined length, and-
Figure, 35, is a cross section of the preceding parts.
Referring to the drawings.-
A, A, represent a series of matrices or type such as shown in detail in figure, 19,
or of other equivalent form, each having in one of its vertical edges an intaglio
character, a, and at its upper end two suspending shoulders, b, at opposite edges.
Each matrix is also provided above the shoulders, b, with two or more pairs of
shoulders, c, and, d, each pair consisting of two shoulders at opposite edges. Each
matrix is also provided in the upper end with a central groove or notch, e, having
its edges undercut. Matrices bearing like characters are alike in every particular
but any matrix bearing a given letter differs from every matrix bearing a different
letter in the distance between its shoulders, c, its shoulders, d, or the width of the
notch, e, at its upper edge, or in two or more of these parts.
These differences are the means by which the distributing mechanism distinguishes
between the different matrices to secure their delivery to the proper tubes as herein-
after described.

page_text: These matrices form the basis of my machine, and it is to their assemblage,
justification, presentation to the casting mechanism and their final distribution to
the magazines from which they started, that the machine proper is directed.
B, B, represent a series of upright magazine tubes fixed in position, their upper
ends being preferably expanded and curved outward from each other as shown.
At the lower mouth of each tube there is a vertically moving discharge-arm, C,
having a vertical opening through which the matrices descend from the magazine
to the horizontal guide or channel, D. Each arm contains two pivoted dogs, o¹,
with outwardly extending arms, p.
Each arm, C, is held in a normally elevated position by springs n, and connected
by a rod, r, with a finger key, 8. The lower matrix in the tube descending into
the arm, C, passes between the dogs, o¹, which engage the shoulders at its upper
end, holding it in suspension. A depression of the finger key causes the arm, C,
to descend until the outer ends of the dogs, o¹, engage stationary shoulders, q,
whereby the dogs are caused to release the matrix & drop the same out of the arm
into the guide, D, where they are sustained by their shoulders bearing thereon.
The next matrix above is prevented from descending until the key rises again
by plates, i, i, on the lower ends of swinging arms, k. These plates extend across
the entire series of magazines and serve to support the matrices in all the tubes.
The two arms, k, are joined together at their upper ends so that their lower ends
swing apart at the same time. Their separation is caused at frequent and regular
intervals by one of the arms extending downward as in figure, 6, & engaging at its
lower end with a constantly revolving cam on the shaft, Z.
In order to limit the rapidity with which the keys are operated and to lock a
key down until its matrix is discharged, I employ a vibrating bar, X, attached to
upright pivoted arms acted upon by a cam wheel on the shaft, Z. This bar
extends beneath all the arms, C, & vibrates beneath an angular notch therein as
seen in figure, 6. A key can only descend when the bar is in the proper position
beneath the notch, & if down at the time the bar is vibrated it will be locked
thereby. This locking action is almost instantaneous but is sufficient for practical
purposes.
To insure the rising action of the arms, C, the bar, T, is extended beneath the
series and sustained at its ends by cams on the shaft, Z. This bar rising & falling
at frequent intervals, cooperates with the bar, ✗, to insure the proper action of the
discharge arm, C, as it is subjected to the influences of the finger-keys, 8. The.
guide rails, D, to which the matrices are delivered, are extended to the left a
suitable distance beyond the magazines so that the matrices may be assembled
thereon in close order previous to their transfer to the casting mechanism. An
endless belt, F, travels horizontally below the magazines & discharge-arms, C, and
carries a series of pivoted spring-supported arms, E, which travel between the
guide rails, D, so that as the matrices are delivered to the rails the fingers, E, move
them rapidly thereover to the point of assemblage at the left.
The yielding fingers shown in detail in figure, 25, prevent breakage or injury of
the parts in the event of a matrix being caught or held in any manner. Beyond
the belt there are two horizontally revolving fingers, I, acting through slots from
opposite sides of the guides, D. These receive the matrices in succession from the
carrier fingers, E, and advance them still further to the left. Retrograde action of
the matrices is prevented by pawls, H, between and beyond which they are carried
by the fingers, I. As the matrices are assembled they are held in compact order,
that is to say, in close order by a yielding resistant, 68, shown in figures, 9, 34,
and, 35, which may be of any suitable construction provided it is adapted to be
moved out of the way when the line of matrices is to be advanced past it to the
casting mechanism. As shown it consists of a horizontal finger mounted on a
horizontal shaft, on a sliding bar, d³, connected to a weighted cord, m³, which holds
the finger against the advancing matrices. Marks or graduations, p³, are provided
on the rail, D, beneath the finger, 68, that the operator may know when the line of

page_text: matrices has reached the proper length. To give an audible alarm when the proper
limit is reached the shaft of the finger is provided with an arm or striker, h³, to act
on the adjustable bell, 98. The arm is maintained by a pivoted dog, 18, as the
parts are moved ahead by the matrices. This arm encounters a small trip-arm, 8,
by which the striker is permitted to sound the bell, the finger, 68, being at the saine
time lifted out of the path of the matrices. At the extreme left of the guides, D,
& forming a continuation thereof is a forked head, J, to which the line of matrices
is transferred from the rails, D.
This head, J, maintains the matrices in front of the mold during the casting
operation & subsequently lifts them to the distributing mechanism at a higher level
as hereinafter explained.
To permit this vertical motion of the lifting head, J, it is supported by a suitable
vertical shaft, n³, figures, 1, 3, &, 4, which slides in fixed bearings. The transfer of
the matrices from the rails, D, to this head, J, is effected by securing the pawls, H,
to one end of the horizontally sliding rod, K, as shown in figures, 2 &, 9, provided
with an operating handle. The casting mechanism consists of a mold wheel, L, a
melting pot, Q, for delivering metal to the mold, & a clamping mechanism for
holding the matrices in compact order and against the face of the mold. The
mold consists of a vertical wheel, L, having an opening or mold proper, u, formed
therethrough from one face to the other as in Figures, 7, 8, 21, and, 22, this cell
being of the exact size of the bar to be produced. The mold wheel is mounted on
a horizontal shaft, v', which is in turn mounted on a horizontally sliding plate, w₁,
as seen in figure, 7. The plate is moved to and fro at suitable intervals by
teeth, w, or a wheel, a², the teeth engaging a pinion on the end of the mold-
shaft, v'.
The melting pot, Q, is also arranged to slide horizontally to a limited extent, & is
moved at proper intervals by an arm, L¹, adjustably fixed thereto and engaging
with a grooved cam-wheel, k².
In front of the mold-wheel there is a horizontally sliding head, O, supported by
suitable guide arms bearing the main frame & moved by an arm, c², and engaging
a grooved cam-wheel, b².
When the matrices are transferred to the supporting head, J, they are suspended
thereby in front of the mold between the mold-wheel & the head, O, as shown in
figure, 7, the characters of the matrices being presented in a line directly opposite
the front of the mold opening. The head, O, is designed to force and hold the
matrices tightly against the face of the mold.
In order that it may also hold them laterally against each other the head, O, is
provided at its two ends with horizontally movable clamps, a³, connected by a
right and left screw, d², as shown in figures 8 &, 10. This screw is automatically
operated as shown in figure, 27, by a bar, e², engaging an arm adjustably fixed to
one end of the screw, the bearing being in turn connected at its lower end, as
shown in figure, 8, with a vertically movable slide hereinafter described. During
the entrance of the matrices between the clamp and the mold the head, O, and its
jaws, a², stand in a forward position as shown in figure, 7, out of the path of the
matrices. After the matrices are in position in front of the mold, the head, O,
advances in the direction indicated by the arrow in figure, 7, so that the jaws, a²,
straddle or embrace the matrices as in figure, 10. At this time the screw acts to
close the jaws, a², toward each other to a predetermined limit while the jaw, O,
advances and forces the matrices tightly against the face of the mold so that they
serve to close its front.
At or about the same time the mold is advanced toward the matrices and the
melting pot advances against the rear face of the mold. A force-pump, R, similar
to that used in type-founding machines, is maintained in the melting pot and
operated by mechanism shown to force the molten metal at the proper time from
the pot into the mold opening where it assumes the form of a bar having on one
edge an impression of the characters presented by the line of matrices. After the
'

page_text: metal is set the pot retreats from the mold, the mold retreats from the matrices, the
clamps are restored to their original positions, & the mold wheel revolves until
the cast therein is presented in front of an ejector slide, y², operated by a grooved
cam-wheel, x². This slide acts to drive the cast out of the mold through the front
and through an opening in the head, O, to a receiving arm, z².
This arm mounted on a horizontal pivot makes a half revolution, turning
the casting over upon a supporting-plate, c³, which is mounted in a galley or
receiver, d³, whereby the type-bars are assembled in a column. To give the base
of the casting a smooth & finished appearance of a type-bar a stationary knife, 13,
may be fixed to the frame as shown in figure, 2, to act on the casting during the
revolution of the mold wheel. Referring next to the distributing mechanism it
will be found to consist simply of a series of plates, U, attached to an endless belt
moving horizontally over the upper ends of the magazine tubes, each plate
provided with a series of dogs which engage the upper ends of the matrices
carrying them in a pendant position over the mouths of the magazine tubes until
stationary cams cause the dogs to release the matrices that they may descend into
the proper tubes. The details of construction are plainly shown in figures; 12, 16,
17, 18, and, 23.
The dogs are arranged to slide transversely of the carrier plates, & are urged
inward by spiral springs, 65. The inner end of each dog stands directly opposite a
corresponding dog on the opposite side of the plate, the opposing dogs serving to
act upon opposite edges of a matrix and maintain the same between them. There'
are two series of dogs, a, and, a³, one above the other. The upper dogs are.
designed to engage the upper shoulders, b, of the matrix, while the lower dogs
engage the lower shoulders, c. In this manner each matrix is sustained as shown
in fig. 23, by a pair of dogs. Each dog is provided at its outer end with a
transverse notch to engage the stationary operating cams along which it is carried
by the movement of the traveling plates, U. These cams or rails are constructed
as shown in figs. 12, 14, 16, & 17. The upper cams, e³, engage the upper dogs
while the lower cams, d³, engage the lower dogs. As shown in the several figs. the
distance between the corresponding cams varies at different points in their length,
or, in other words, the cams are constructed with a series of offsets or shoulders, the
effect of which is to slide the dogs outward from each other in order that they
may release the matrices & permit them to fall into the magazine tubes. It will
be remembered that a matrix bearing a given character differs from those bearing'
other characters in the width between its shoulders. Now the cams which operate'
the dogs are so arranged with respect to each other & to the width between the
shoulders of the matrices that the two pairs of dogs which sustain a matrix are
separated only when the matrix is over the mouth of the appropriate magazine
tube. Either the upper or the lower dogs may be repeatedly separated before
the matrix reaches the point of deposit but the action of the dogs will in
the meantime sustain the matrix & prevent it from falling. It is manifest that
the form & relative arrangement of the cam shoulders may be modified at will,
provided that the dogs bearing a given matrix shall be separated simultaneously &
sufficiently to release the matrix only when they are over the appropriate tube.
For the purpose of transferring the matrices from the lifting head, J, to the
distributing mechanism I arrange at the top of the machine, a pair of stationary
rails, T, which form a continuation of the lifting head, J, when the latter is in its
highest position. I also provide a horizontal slide, S, which is urged constantly
inward by a spiral spring, q³, & which acts when released to advance the line of
matrices from the head, J, to the rails, T, & along the latter to a point beneath the
traveling plates, U. They are arrested in their advance by upright fingers, w³,
& are lifted one at a time between the dogs passing thereover by a vertically
reciprocating finger, x³, pivoted to a vibrating arm. The cams are so constructed
that the dogs are separated to the widest extent at the time they are brought over
the lifting-finger, a³, thus peripitting the matrices to be introduced between them.

page_text: Immediately after the insertion of the matrix the dogs advanced by the plate are
released by the cams and permitted to close upon the matrix,
As an additional means of discriminating between the matrices bearing different
characters & of ensuring their release at the proper point, I make use of a dove
tail rail, e, secured at one end & extended horizontally between the inner ends of
the dogs as shown in figures, 12, 14, 16, 17, & 23. This rail is divided into
longitudinal sections diminishing successively in width toward the rear end as
shown in fig. 16, or if preferred is tapered from the front to the rear end. Matrices
bearing the different characters have the notches, e, in their upper ends made of
corresponding widths. As the matrices are advanced their edges embrace the rail
which prevents them from falling until they have advanced to a point at which
the rail is sufficiently narrow to pass through the upper edge of the notch. When
this rail is employed the matrix will be sustained until it arrives at its destination
although both pairs of dogs may be released at the same time,
It will thus be seen that by making use of the rail I am enabled to provide for
certain distribution of a much greater number of matrices than would otherwise be
possible. The use of the rail also permits the cam rails to be divided into sections
of corresponding length the shoulders on each division being duplicates of those.
on another. This permits a greater variation between the successive shoulders.
It permits a correspondingly greater variation between the width of the shoulders
on the different matrices, & avoids that delicacy of construction and uncertainty
of action otherwise inevitable.
In order to prevent the lifting of more than one matrix at a time by the finger, ³,
I provide a plate, m³, located centrally between the supporting rails, T, & provided
on its top with a horizontal rib which engages notches, f, in the lower ends of the
matrices. As each matrix advances to the point at which it is to be lifted it
passes beyond this rib & disengages therefrom while the remaining matrices are
held thereby. To secure the proper action of this rib, the matrices being of
various thicknesses they should be milled to uniform thickness adjacent to the
notch f, as shown in fig. 19. The carrier plates of the distributor may be operated
by any appropriate mechanism but I recommend the construction shown in the
drawings in which, g³, represents a driven pinion engaging directly with gear
teeth formed on the rear faces of the plates. This pinion is formed on a horizontal
shaft which receives motion through a clutch mechanism from a gear wheel, 75,
driven by a pinion, 85, as shown in figs. 12, and, 14. This clutch, which may be
of any ordinary form, is controlled by an arm, 66, which carries the arms, w³, before
alluded to. A spring, de, acts to urge these arms toward the advancing matrices.
While the matrices bear against the arm the clutch remains in engagement and the
carriers continue their movement. When however, the lowest matrix in the line
is lifted to the carrier plates the arms w¹, are thereby released & the clutch
permitted to disengage so that the motion of the carrier plates is stopped. The
lifting finger, a³, is operated by a roller on one side entering a serpentine groove, i³,
in a wheel, ho, secured to the shaft of the pinion, g*,
This connection of the parts ensures the elevation of the lifting finger at a time
when the dogs are directly thereover in position to engage the matrix. The slide, S,
by which the matrices are advanced to the distributor is connected to an upright
arm, 83, actuated by a cam which causes the retraction of the slide when the head, J,
is lifted to place the matrices before it. For the purpose of justifying the line of
matrices that is to say, expending the same to the predetermined limit whenever it
is found impossible to add another word or syllable thereto, I make use of justifying
slides, M, such as represented in figure, 19. This slide consists of a long tapered
body and a small reversely tapered plate connected to its side by a sliding joint,
the plate or head being provided as shown at its opposite edges with shoulders by
which the bar may be suspended between the rails and in front of the casting
mechanism in the same manner that the matrices are suspended. In order that
these space-bars may be inserted at the proper points in the line of matrices during

page_text: their assemblage or composition I suspend them in series directly over the rails, D,
on which the matrices travel to the point of assemblage, and provide means for
stopping them one at a time between the guides immediately behind the preceding
matrices. Referring to the various figures, N, represents the rails by which the
space bars are suspended.
These rails are inclined downward toward the delivery end that the bars may
descend by gravity toward a vertically reciprocating slide, m', the lower end of
which is recessed to receive the head of a single bar. When the slide rises the bar
seats itself therein and when the slide is depressed it carries the bar downward
between the rails, D. The next advancing matrix forces the space bar before it
out of engagement with the slide and the latter rises to receive the next bar. The
slide, m¹, is connected as shown, or in any other appropriate manner, with a
finger-key by which it is operated. In order that a matrix dropped between the
rails, D, may be certain to pass beyond the point at which the space-bars are
delivered before the descent of a space-bar subsequently designated, I provide a
mechanism which prevents the slide, m¹, from being actuated except at suitable
intervals which are sufficiently long to permit the passage of the matrix to the
required point. This mechanism is shown in figures, 5, and, 6.
A lever, b, pivoted to the frame acts at its upper end to prevent the descent of
slide, m. The lower end of this lever stands adjacent to the roll, a¹, which drives
one end of the. carrier chain, F. In this roll there are mounted two longitudinal
slides, e', which have at the inner end a stud or projection seen in figure, 6. The
finger-key for spacing purposes denominated the "spacing-key" is connected by a
rod, r, to an angular lever, c, which is jointed to an arm, d, designed to engage
projections on the slides, e, to move them endwise and bring their projections into
position to act on lever, 64, and thereby release the device for discharging the
space-bars. The lever c¹, is controlled by the locking-bar, x, in the same manner
that the other keys are controlled so that the space-key can only be operated at the
instant the slides, e, are opposite the lever d. The space-bars carried with the line
of matrices in front of the mold hang downward as shown in figure, 7, directly over
the upper end of a vertical slide, P, mounted in the clamping-head, O, and connected
at its lower end to one end of a weighted lever, , which acts when released to
carry the slide, P, upward causing it in turn to drive upward the bodies of all the
space bars the effect of which is to increase the width of the spaces in the lines,
expand the line to the predetermined limit, and force the matrices' tightly against
each other to prevent the entrance of the metal between them. The movement of
the weighted lever is controlled and the depression of the slide, P, effected by a
cam, k, acting on a roller on the lever, i, as seen in figure, 7. This action occurs
after the jaws, a², have been moved inward to the proper point.
The space-bars are lifted with the matrices to the upper supporting rails, T, and
are advanced by the slide, S, until they reach a point at which their heads are
permitted to escape through and between the rails, T. They descend into a
vertically slotted head, X, which is at the proper time lowered to the level of the
rails, N, to which they are transferred by a sliding rod, e, shown in figure, 2. This
rod is attached to an arm f6, urged forward by a spring, 96, and retracted at the
proper time by a pin, he, on the rod which supports the lifting-head, J.
The arrangement of the cams for imparting motion to the various parts is plainly
represented in figure, 4, the entire series being mounted as shown, on the single
vertical shaft, A', driven by a clutch mechanism connecting the two parts of the
divided shaft, B2, the outer end of which receives a continuous motion.
The spring tends to throw the clutch into engagement but it is held normally
out of engagement by a hooked arm, e, connected to an intermediate arm, g', which
is in turn connected to a rod, h'. This rod is in such position that when the rod, K,
is moved to carry the matrices to the casting mechanism it will act on the rod, h³,
and trip the clutch into action, thereby starting the various parts connected with
the casting devices.

page_text: OPERATION.
The finger-keys designating the characters to be printed are operated in proper
order. The matrices are thereby dropped through the action of the arms, C, from
the magazine tubes to the guide rails, D, from which they are advanced by the
fingers, E, on the chain, F, to the rotating arms, I, which advance them still
further along the rails, adding each matrix to the end of the preceding line, the
advance of the line being resisted by the finger, 68. During the assemblage of the
matrices the space-key is operated & the space-bars introduced into the line at
suitable points. When the line has reached the proper limit, as indicated by the
scale on the alarm mechanism, the rod, K, is moved to the left, whereupon the
pawls, H, carry the line along the rails beneath the finger, 68, to the lifting head, J,
directly in front of the mold. The head, O, advances so that its jaws, a³, are
carried past opposite ends of the line of matrices.
These jaws then move inward to the proper points.
The head, O, moves against the outer edge of the matrices; the mold is advanced
against their inner edges & the melting-pot carried forcibly against the mold. The
parts being now in the position shown in figure, 8, the pump operates to fill the
mold with molten metal, which instantly assumes the form of a bar bearing the
type in relief on its edge. The head and jaws and the melting pot then recede.
The mold retreats from the matrices in order to withdraw the type therefrom.
The mold-wheel revolves and the ejector, y³, advances delivering the type bar to the
receiving devices. The ejector then retreats and the head, J, rises, presenting the
matrices in front of the slide, S, which transfers them to the rails, T, whence they
are delivered to the dogs of the carrier plates, advanced to the mouths of the
appropriate tubes and delivered therein.
Immediately after the delivery of the matrices therefrom the head, J, descends
to its original position and the operation of the parts is repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is-
1. In a machine for forming type-bars or matrices for type surfaces, a melting-
pot or mold, a series of matrices, composing fingers, and means substantially as
described, whereby the matrices assembled for one line may be maintained in
position at an intermediate point separated from those before and after them.
2. In a machine for producing type-bars or matrices, the composing fingers, a
series of matrices or dies, finger-keys, and mechanism actuated by finger-keys for
delivering the matrices to the composing mechanism.
3. In a machine for forming type-bars, a series of matrices having letters or
characters in positive form therein, & mechanism substantially as described, for
assembling said matrices in line with their characters in view of the operator:
whereby he is enabled to inspect the line previous to its delivery to subsequently
acting mechanism, to the end that errors therein may be corrected.
4. The matrix formed with the suspending shoulders, b, and reduced in width
above the same to produce the shoulders, c, and, d.
5. The matrix provided with the suspending shoulde
an undercut notch in the upper end.
IS,
b, upper shoulders, c, and
6. The matrix provided with the sustaining or suspending shoulders at the top,
and with an intaglio character in one of its vertical.edges.
7. The matrix provided with suspending shoulders at its upper end and with
the notch or shoulder, f, in the lower end, substantially as and for the purpose
described.

page_text: 8. The series of matrix-plates provided with sustaining shoulders, b, of uniform.
size, and with upper shoulders, c, c, d, d, differing in the extent of their separation
in matrices representing different characters.
9. In a mechanism for assembling and distributing matrices a series of upright
magazine tubes grouped closely together in line at their lower ends but separated.
upper ends substantially as and for the purpose described.
10. The magazine tubes in combination with automatic periodically actuated
detents common to the series of tubes, whereby the matrices are released so that
they may escape when free from resistance thereunder.
11. The magazine tubes and the automatic periodically actuated dogs or detents
to release the matrices therefrom, in combination with finger-keys and escapement
keys actuated by the finger-keys and provided with dogs or detents to receive the
matrices from the magazine and carry them positively downward.
12. The magazine to hold the matrices one above another, and the fixed 'rails to
sustain the matrices as they are disengaged from the magazine, in combination.
with the dogs, i, i, to hold the matrices in the magazine & the vertically movable
escapement keys, C, provided with automatic dogs to receive the matrices & transfer
them positively one at a time to the rails.
13. In combination with the matrix sustaining rail the endless belt provided
with yielding spring-supported fingers to advance the matrices.
14. The combination substantially as described & shown of the magazine tubes,
the periodically actuated dogs or detents to retain the matrices therein, the'
escapement keys to transfer the matrices to the assembling mechanism, and the
automatic device to prevent the descent of the keys during regular intervals, and
to hold down in the meantime those keys which have been already depressed.
15. In combination with the matrix sustaining rail & the conveying or assembling:
belt, the rotary arms, I, to advance the matrices one at a time as they are presented
by the belt.
16. In combination with the matrix sustaining rails, the pawls & sliding support
for the pawls, whereby they may be moved lengthwise of the rails to advance the
assembled matrices.
17. In combination with horizontal rails or supports whereon the matrices are
advanced & assembled in line, a series of independent space-bars and over-head,
devices substantially as described, for dropping said bars one at a time into the
accumulating line of matrices.
18. In combination with the space-bar supports, N, the vertically reciprocating
slide adapted to engage the space-bars & transfer them one at a time to the line of
assembled matrices.
19. The slide, m³, to deliver the space-bars, its depressing spring, its elevating.
cam, and the detent lever, 64, to prevent the descent of the slide, in combination
with the roller, the slide thereon to trip the detent lever, & the slide-adjusting
device connected with the space-key: whereby the depression of the key causes
the slide to trip the detent and permit the slide m¹, to and a space-bar to the line
of matrices.
20. In combination with the matrices and their sustaining rails, the clamp to
act on the edges of the aligned matrices, & the two jaws movable therewith & also
movable to and from each other: whereby the matrices may be confined laterally
against each other and against the mold.
21. In combination with the matrices & a support therefor, the reciprocating
clamp, O, the sliding jaws, a², & the screw, d².
22. In combination with the matrices and devices substantially as described to
sustain the same in line, the rotary mold movable to & from the matrices, & the
melting pot movable to and from the mold:
:
t
23. The rotary mold, the matrices, & mechanism substantially as described.
for filling the mold, in combination with the ejector, & operating devices sub-

page_text: · stantially as described for presenting the mold to the matrices & the ejector
alternately.
24. In combination with the independent matrices & their supporting rails, the
rotary mold movable to & from the matrices, the melting pot movable to & from
the mold, the clamping devices movable to & from the matrices, & mechanism
substantially as described for operating said parts as set forth.
25. In combination with the independent matrices and supporting rails for the
selected & aligned matrices, the clamp, O, the jaws, a³, to confine the matrices
laterally, the space-bars, and the plate, P, to advance the space bars simultaneously:
whereby the line is expanded or elongated to fill the predetermined space between
the jaws, a².
26. The reciprocating clamp, O, having the jaws, a², and plate P, both mounted
thereon, whereby the jaws are carried into position to confine the matrices at
the same time that the plate is placed in position to cause their spreading
action.
27. The movable clamp, O, the rotary mold, the reciprocating plate, on which
the mold shaft is mounted & the movable melting pot, in combination with the
single shaft & its cam wheels for imparting motion to the above named parts as
described and shown.
28. In combination with the rails, J, to sustain the aligned matrices, the sliding
clamp, O, provided with a lip, a³, to engage the rails, substantially as described
and shown, whereby the rails and matrices are brought with certainty to the
proper positions.
29. In combination with the turning delivery finger, the galley, and devices
substantially such as shown securing the galley to the frame and permitting its
instant removal when filled.
30. In a machine for producing type-bars & in combination with means substan-
tially as described for delivering the bars thereto, the upright galley or receiver
hinged in place, so that it may be turned upward to permit convenient inspection
therein.
31. In combination with casting & clamping mechanisms and an elevated
distributing mechanism substantially as described, the matrix-sustaining rails, J,
secured to a vertical sliding guide, & adapted to reciprocate as described directly
between the casting and distributing mechanisms.
32. A mechanism for carrying a matrix to a predetermined point & there
depositing it, consisting of a traveling carrier provided with two opposing dogs
or jaws to engage opposite sides of the matrix, and cams to open said jaws when
they reach the proper limit of discharge.
33. In a mechanism for distributing matrices, having necks of different widths,
the combination of traveling plates or carriers, spring actuated dogs or jaws in
said carriers to engage the edges of the matrices, and a series of stationary cams to
cause the opening of the jaws at different points in their course of movement
whereby the respective matrices are discharged at different points.
34. A series of matrices each having two or more necks, and each matrix
differing in the width of one or both of its necks from those bearing different
characters, in combination with traveling plates or characters provided with
spring-actuated dogs or clamps, to engage independently the two necks of the
matrices, and a series of stationary cams distributed along the path of the carrier
and adapted as described & shown to open the dogs which hold each matrix
simultaneously at the point where the matrix is to be distributed.
35. In combination with a series of matrices having under-cut or dove-tail
notches in their upper ends differing in size in the respective matrices, a sustaining
rail or bar varying in width at different points substantially as described: whereby
the respective matrices are released at different points.

page_text: 36. In combination with matrices substantially such as described & shown,
a suspending rail or bar, e³, of varying width and means for advancing the matrices
thereover.
37. In combination with the independent matrices and the traveling carriers
provided with sustaining dogs to engage the matrices, the cams to open all the
dogs, and a reciprocating finger to pass the matrices one at a time between
the dogs.
38. In combination with the matrix sustaining rails, T, and the slides, S, to
urge the matrices constantly forward thereon, the finger, ³, to elevate the matrices
one at a time, the device, w³, to momentarily sustain the elevated matrices, the
traveling plates provided with dogs to sustain the matrices, & the cams to open
the dogs for the admission of the matrices, substantially as described: whereby the
matrices are separated & delivered independently to the carrier preparatory to
their distribution.
39. The traveling distributor plates, u, in combination with the driving clutch
& intermediate gear, & the yielding clutch controlling finger, w³, adapted to be
moved by the matrices: whereby the distributor-plates are caused to stop when
the supply of matrices is exhausted.
40. In combination with the sustaining rails, & the matrices adapted to be
suspended thereby, the space bars of a width less than the matrices, adapted to
descend between the rails: whereby the space-bars may be dropped from the line
without releasing the matrices.
41. In combination with the vertically movable rails, J, to sustain the matrices
& space-bars, the receiving rails, T, the spring actuated slides, S, & means substan-
tially as described for positively retracting said slide before the rails, J, complete
their ascent: whereby the matrices are transferred to and urged constantly forward
upon the rails, T, that they may be passed to the distributing devices.
42. In combination with the devices for delivering the space-bars thereto, the
vertically movable carrier, the supports, N, & the device for transferring the bars
from the carrier to the said supports.
43. In combination with the casting & clamping mechanisms, and their driving
clutch substantially as described, pawls or carriers, H, to transfer the previously
aligned matrices to the clamping and casting device and a pawl carrier, K,
arranged to actuate the driving clutch, substantially as described: whereby the
action of transferring the matrices is caused to start the clamping and casting
mechanism.
44. In an organized machine for producing type-bars, the combination substan-
tially as hereinbefore described of the following elements: the independent matrices,
the magazine to contain the matrices, the finger keys and their connections sub-
stantially as described, to effect the discharge of the matrices one at a time from
the magazine, the composing mechanism to assemble or align the matrices dis-
charged from the magazine, the casting mechanism embracing the force pump, the
mold & the melting pot, the automatic clamping mechanism to confine the matrices
against the mold, mechanism substantially as shown to elevate the matrices from
the mold to the distributing mechanism substantially as described for returning
the matrices to the magazines.
45. In combination with the guide rails, and a series of matrices arranged to
move thereon, a stationary scale adjacent to said guide, & a finger adapted to be
advanced by the action of the type over said scale said finger mounted sub-
stantially as described that it may be moved out of the path of the type to permit
their advance at the completion of the assembling or composing operation.
46. In combination with rails or guides for the aligned matrices, a yielding
finger to resist their advance, & automatic mechanism substantially as described to
prevent their retrograde motion: whereby the matrices are held in compact form
as they are assembled.

page_text: 47. In combination with the matrix & guides therefor, the yielding finger
extending transversely of the guides at an intermediate point in their length to
resist the advance of the matrices & movable from the path of the matrices sub-
stantially as described: whereby the matrices may be permitted to continue their
advance in the guides beyond the finger.
4
48. In combination with the stationary bell, the sliding support having the
finger, 68, the striker & the detent thereon, the stationary trip-arm to release the
detent and means substantially as described for advancing the matrices against
the finger.