Improvements in Oil Engines, partly applicable to other Types of Engines, Pumps and like Machines,
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 6th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 7th June, 1899
Improvements in Oil Engines, partly applicable to other Types of
Engines, Pumps and like Machines,
We, JOHN EDWARD THORNTON, of Rokeby, Oldfield Road, Altrincham, in the
County of Chester, Manufacturer, and JAMES POLLARD LEA, of Worsley Mill,
Worsley Street, Hulme, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows-
This invention relates to the construction of oil engines, but the construction
of the piston, connection rod, discs revolving on stationary pins, and the pinion
shaft or equivalent device for receiving or transmitting motion equally to or from
each such disc, and the method of supporting, combining or holding such parts
together in working position is also applicable to other types of engines, pumps,
the actuating of slide valves, and like reciprocating mechanisni.
The piston o slipper to which the usual oscillating connecting rod is attached-
18 constructed of a tube of suitable metal machined for one part of its length to
fit and slide truly in the cylinder, and for the remaining part of its length turned
to a smaller diameter so as to accommodate packing rings on the like Internally
the piston tube is bored to two diameters and a shoulder is formed inside the tube.
The cross-head pin is turned on its ends squarely with its axis part way across
so as to fit the larger bore of the piston tube and for the remaining part to fit the
smaller bore and the faced part or shoulder thus formed at each end of the pin
bears against the shoulder in the piston, and when brought to its position the
pin is truly central and square with its axis and consequently the centre line of
this hole is co-incident with the centre line of the piston This hole is tapped to
received a screwed stud or pin which passes through a disc fitted to the piston tube
and closing one end of it A part of such disc is turned to fit the cylinder and
serves to keep the piston rings in position The holding stud or pin tends to diaw
the cross head pin and back plate fogether, gripping the piston tube between them
If packing rings are employed they can be placed in position without the necessity
of springing them over the piston as 18 generally done
The connecting rod has a boss at one end (bushed if desirable) bored to fit the
crosshead pin This boss 18 cut away to allow the holding pin of the piston to
pass into the crosshead pin and permit also the necessary angular movement of
the connecting rod A washer, partly encircling the crosshead pin, may be fitted
on the holding pin and serve to keep the connecting rod in its position sideways
The other end of the connecting rod has cylindrical projections on either side
of it truly parallel with the hole in the boss at the other end
Each of these projecting pins engages in a hole formed in a disc of suitable
metal These two discs are bored centrally to go on stationary supporting pins and
the holes for the connecting rod pins are truly formed parallel with the central
holes and at the distance from them necessary to give the required movement of
the nistou

page_text: The crank discs work in a chamber or pocket They are first placed on to the
connecting 1od pins and lowered into position until opposite two suitably machined
holes in the chamber walls Through each of these holes one of the disc sup-
porting pins 18 pushed from the outside and enters the central hole of its corre-
sponding disc. Conveniently, the piston with the connecting 10d attached would
have been previously inserted into the cylinder, and so after the insertion of
the supporting pins into the discs, the cylinder is igidly secured to the crank
chamber and the combined parts are in their correct working position, the crank
chamber being entirely cut off from the atmosphere, except intermittently as here-
after described.
The crank discs engage at their peripheries with a revolving shaft or shafts
to which they transmit the available power of the engine They may for this pur-
pose have teeth formed at the peripheries and both gear with one pinion
sufficiently wide which runs in bearings (parallel with the supporting pins) firmly
held in the walls of the crank chamber The pinion shaft passes practically air-
tight through the chamber wall and has a flywheel and a pulley, or other device
for transmitting the power of the engine upon it extenorily The pinion may
1otate much faster than the crank discs and in consequence a much lighter flywheel
18 sufficient to equalize the running of the engine than would otherwise be the
case.
a
To lubicate the working parts, an oil reservoir advantageously constructed so
that its contents may be Been 18 connected to the crank chamber by
passage controlled by a valve which permits oil to pass from the
crank chamber to the reservou but prevents any return Passages lead
from the oil reservoir to grooves in the bearing surfaces on which the crank discs
revolve From there a hole in each crank disc passes to a groove in each connecting
1od pin bearing, thence a hole in each such pin leads to a hole passing along the
connecting rod to a groove in the crosshead pin bearing surfaces, and holes lead
from there to a groove on the exterior of the piston A hole in the cylinder
wall, which is in communication with the piston oil groove when oil is to cuiculate,
leads to a receptacle from whence the oil gravitates to the entrance of the oil
reservoir inside the crank chamber In connection with this circulating system an
an vessel is employed which contains a constant quantity of air imprisoned in it
When the an in the crank chamber 18 compressed this also is compressed When
the pressure in clank chamber 18 released, the imprisoned air in the air vessel
expands forcing oil through the passages and bearing surfaces, because the hole
in cylinder wall is open to the piston oil groove and oil is free to pass to the crank
chamber that way, but cannot the other because of the non-return valve
The outer end of the cylinder is closed by a cover The piston after completing a
considerable part of its power stroke uncovers a port at one side of the cylinder and
the waste gases escape through passages designed to deaden the noise or burst of
the exhaust Next the piston uncovers another port opposite the exhaust port and
air, which has been diawn into the crank chamber and compressed, rushes into
the cylinder A baffle plate on the piston guides the incoming air along one side
of the cylinder, across the ends, and down the opposite side of the cylinder, and such
an pushes the remaining waste gases out of the cylinder, and takes their place A
pocket is formed in the back cover to receive the baffle plate when the piston is at
the end of its compression stroke.
The passage from the crank chamber to the inlet port to cylinder is controlled by
a piston slide valve actuated from a crank pin oi eccentric revolving with the
crank disca This crank pin is set at right angles or nearly so leading the engine
crank pins
This piston valve also controls the admission of air to the crank
chamber
When the piston has completed its power stroke and just commenced its return
stroke, the piston valve admits a to the crank chamber and cuts off communication
between the crank chamber and the inlet port to the cylinder; in doing so it fills
the circular passage leading to the inlet port and pushes air into the cylinder until
the main piston passes and closes the inlet port Air is freely admitted to the crank

page_text: chamber during practically the whole of the return or compression stroke, then the
piston valve closes the crank chamber so that a full charge of air is compressed in
it as the piston makes its power stroke
Oil sufficient for a number of hours work is contained in a tank which is
perfectly air tight and closed to the atmosphere. The inlet and outlet openings
to this tank are carefully fitted, the former with a plug, the latter with a
valve and strong string. The valve stem is screwed at its end and prevented from
rotating though free to move up and down It engages with a tapped hole in the
inlet plug, so that in removing the plug the valve is let down and firmly closes
the outlet opening before the inlet is unclosed, and in replacing the plug the
inlet opening is closed before the valve is lifted to open the outlet. The pipe by
which the oil leaves the tank may be secured to a leather disc, and the leather diso
to the tank, thus obtaining considerable flexibility
At the other end the delivery pipe has a flange which fits easily and dips
considerably into a vessel (hereafter termed the receiver) of somewhat small
capacity and considerable vertical length. The delivery pipe has a small hole
through it to permit air or oil to pass when necessary. The flange serves to
minimize the oscillations of the oil should the receiver be shaken Oil passes down
the delivery pipe and flows into the receiver until the level of the oil 11ses above the
end of the delivery pipe when the flow ceases
The amount of oil required for each charge is measured and injected into the
cylinder by a cylindrical slide valve (termed hereinafter the oil valve) working
as a plug or piston in a casing closed at each end by suitable covers Through
one of these a rod connected to the oil valve, of smaller diameter than it, passes
and 18 attached to the air piston valve, so that the oil valve is moved by and
with the said air piston valve. The oil valve works over several small ports one
leading to the interior of the main cylinder and opposite to it another leading
to the upper end of the valve casing in which air is highly compressed during
the upward stroke of the oil valve A small hole or a groove in either case of
exact capacity to contain the required amount of oil 18 formed in the oil valve,
in such a manner that when the oil valve is at the end of its upward stroke, the
said hole or groove comes between and connects the said two ports, and conse
quently the air compressed in the top end of the valve violently impels the measured
oil into the passage leading to the cylinder whence it passes vaporized or as very
fine
spray into a jet or Jets to permeate the charge of air in course of compression in
the cylinder. The said passage leading to the cylinder or a part of it may be
heated by any suitable means or a rod or coil of suitable material may be placed
therein and so heated, such heated parts serving also to ignite the charge in the
cylinder when fully compressed as well as to assist in vaporizing the oil charge as
it 18 injected. When the oil valve makes its down stroke a vacuum is formed at the
top end of the casing, and near the completion of this stroke a port is uncovered
by the oil valve to allow air to lush in and fill the top end of casing
Such air
18 compressed on the return stroke of the oil valve ready to force the next measured
quantity of oil into the cylinder
In like manner at the other end of the stroke of the oil valve the measuring
hole or groove comes between another pair of ports one leading to the oil receiver
before described the other to the lower end of the valve casing An air vessel
of suitable capacity 18 also in free communication with this end of the casing
The oil valve some short distance before completing its upward stroke uncovers
the port leading to the oil receiver which then communicates freely with the lower
end of the valve casing and then the oil valve acting as a piston draws in oil
from the receiver into the valve casing end during the remainder of such upward
stroke On the return stroke the oil valve first pushes oil back to the receiver
until it covers the port leading thereto after which it forces oil into the air vessel
before mentioned considerably compressing the air therein Towards the end
of the stroke the measuring hole or groove comes between, so as to connect, the
port leading to the oil receiver and the port leading to the valve casing end and

page_text: through this latter oil under the pressure of the au in the au vessel flows into
the measuring groove or hole sweeping the au from it into the passage leading
to the oil receiver and replacing it quickly and completely with oil The oil
measure being thus rapidly and forcibly filled the oil valve makes its upward stroke
carrying the oil to be injected into the cylinder as previously described During
this stroke the air in the air vessel re-expands and a partial vacuum may be formed
therein before the passage to the oil receiver is uncovered, as previously described,
when oil rushes therefrom to fill the vacuum and follow the oil valve until it
completes the said stroke
To control the speed of the engine the cylindrical valve may be partially
1otated by a suitable governor and thus the oil measuring hole or groove be
caused not to come between the ports before described and thus the injection of
oil into the cylinder 18 suspended, or the same movement may cause another oil
measuring hele or groove of less capacity instead to come between the ports as
described and the force of the impulses be reduced but not altogether stopped
The cylindrical valve may be periodically and positively rotated so that the
contents of the main oil mensuing hole or groove may be now and then discharged
into a suitable reservoir maintained at a temperature sufficient to vaporize the
sprayed oil and thus form a gas which issuing from a small orifice and mixing
with further warm all 1 ignited and forms a flame wherewith a tube or
vaporizer may be kept sufficiently hot to ignite the charge
The engine iuns at a set speed-when it tends to exceed this the governor cuts
off or moderates the oil supply as before described When it tends to fall below
this the governors cause a bell to be sounded A cam works a lever to and fro on
the end of which is a striking piece connected with the governor and at or in excess
of the normal engine speed the striking piece misses a gong placed contiguous
When the engine slows down too much the striking piece is brought in contact
with the gong thus giving the requned warning
Delhi Dad day of Tune 1000
Improvements in Oil Engines, partly applicable to other Types of
Engines, Pumps and like Machines.
We, JOHN EDWARD THORNTON, of Rokeby, Oldfield Road, Altrincham, in the
County of Chester, Manufacturer, and JAMES POLLARD LEA, of Woisley Street,
Hulme, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Enginee, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
This invention relates to improvements in motor engines duiven by an explosive
change such as gas or vaporized oil mixed with air and is designed to simplify
the construction of the operative or working parts
It comprises an improved form of piston and geaning and also apparatus for
measuring a charge of oil or like liquid with extreme accuracy and great rapidity
Parts of the invention may be applied to pumps rotary motion being applied to
the shaft to work the piston
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
diawings.
Fig 1, longitudinal sectional elevation, of the motoi

page_text: Fig 3, end elevation partly in section
Fig 4, transveise sectional elevation
Fig 5, section showing modified construction of piston
Fig 6, sectional elevation of oil charging apparatus detached from the motor
Fig 7, 18 a sectional plan on line 2-y of Fig 6
Fig. 8, is a sectional elevation showing a modification
Fig. 9, is a sectional elevation in a vertical plane at right angles to Fig 8
Fig. 10, is a sectional elevation showing another modification
Fig 11, is a sectional plan showing modification of Fig 9, with slide valve flat
and auxiliary air compressing plunger
Fig. 12, is a section showing a modification.
The piston C 18 constructed of a tube of suitable metal machined for a portion
of its length to fit and slide truly in the interior of the cylinder A and recessed
at d to receive or accommodate packing rings D The packing ungs are held in
position by a head or cap E secured to the end of the tubular piston.
Internally the piston 18 bored to two diameters forming a shoulder a against
which a cross head pin F fits or engages or instead of a stepped shoulder such as a
the interior of the piston may be chased with one or more screw threads with
which the ends of the cross head pin F engage as shown in Fig. 5
The cross head pin F is turned on its ends squarely with its axis to correspond
with the internal contour of the piston and engage truly therewith and is turned
down at forming a shoulder which abuts against the shoulder a in the interior
of the piston
Instead of the shoulder f on the cross head pin when the interior
of the piston 18 screwed the ends of the cross head pin are chased or cut with
corresponding screw threads
The cross head pin F 18 bored and tapped with a hole g to receive a screwed
stud G and the head or cap E of the piston is bored with a hole conesponding
thereto When the cross head pin F is placed or brought into position in the
interior of the tubular piston C it is truly cential and square with its axis and
consequently the centre line of the hole g 18 co-incident with the centre line or
central axis of the piston The hole g 18 tapped to receive the screwed pin or
stud G which also passes through the hole in the piston head E and serves to
tightly secure the cross head F to the piston C
The head or cap E of the piston C is preferably in the form of a disc turned
down at one side to fit into the interior of the piston which ensures a good and
tight fit and is secured by screws, pins, or bolts
The packing rings D can be placed in position before the head or cap 18
adjusted thus obviating the necessity of springing them over the piston as is
generally done.
The piston rod or connecting rod H 18 formed with a boss h at one end bored
or bushed to exactly fit the cross head pin F A slot h¹ is cut in at one side to clear
the pin G passing into the cross head pin and to permit of the necessary angular
movement of the connecting rod A sleeve or washer g¹ partly encircling the cross
head pin F may be fitted on the holding pin G and serve to maintain the connecting
rod in position from lateral movement
The other end of the connecting rod H 18 fitted with laterally projecting pins or
cylindrical projections K truly parallel with the hole in the boss h Each of the
projecting pins K of the connecting rod H engages with a hole placed eccentrically
in the face of a crank disc L The discs L are also bored centrally and fit upon
stationary supporting pins M upon which they are free to rotate The holes for
the connecting rod pins K are perfectly parallel with the central holes and central
axes of the crank discs L and the distance of these holes from the centre 18 such
as to give or permit of the required movement of the piston C
The crank discs L work in a chamber or pocket N in the casing B They are
first placed on to the connecting rod pins K and lowered into position until
opposite two suitably machined holes in the chamber walls Through each of
these holes one of the disc supporting pins M is pushed from the outside and enters

page_text: the central hole of its corresponding disc Conveniently, the piston with the
connecting rod attached would have been previously inserted into the cylinder,
and so after the insertion of the supporting pins into the discs, the cylinder 18
rigidly secured to the crank chamber and the combined parts are in their correct
working position
The crank discs L engage at their peripheries with a revolving shaft or shafts P
to which they transmit the available power of the engine They may for this
purpose have teeth formed at their peripheries and both gear with one pinion Pl
sufficiently wide which runs in bearings (parallel with the supporting pins) firmly
held in the walls of the crank chamber N. The pinion shaft P passes practically
air tight through the chamber wall and has a Hywheel and a pulley, or other
device for transmitting the power of the engine upon it exteriorily
The pinion P¹ may rotate much faster than the crank disca L and in consequence
a much lighter flywheel is sufficient to equalize the running of the engine than
would otherwise be the case
The outer end of the cylinder A 18 closed by the crank chamber N in which air
18 compressed by the piston a fresh supply of air being admitted as requued
by the valve V through the port n³ The piston after completing a considerable
part of its power stroke uncovers a port n at one side of the cylinder and the waste
gases escape through passages designed to deaden the noise or burst of the exhaust.
Next the piston uncovers another port n' opposite the exhaust port through which
an which has been drawn into and compressed in the crank chambers rushes into
the cylinder A baffle plate I on the piston guides the incoming air along one side
of the cylinder and such air pushes the remaining waste gases out of the cylinder
and takes their place A pocket is formed in the back cover to receive the baffle
plate when the piston is at the end of its compression stroke
The passage N from the crank chamber N to the inlet port n¹ to cylinder is
controlled by a piston slide valve V actuated from a crank pin W or eccentric
revolving with the crank discs L This crank pin is set at right angles or nearly
80 leading the engine clank pins. This piston valve also controls the admission of
air to the crank chamber through the port n
When the piston has completed its power stroke and just commenced its return
stroke, the piston valve opens the port n³ and admits air to the crank
chamber N through the passage N' and cuts off communication between the crank
chamber and the inlet port to the cylinder, in doing so it fills the circular passage
leading to the inlet port n¹ and pushes air into the cylinder until the main piston
passes and closes the inlet port Air is freely admitted to the crank chamber
during practically the whole of the return or compression strokes, then the piston
valve closes the crank chamber so that a full charge of air is compressed in it
as the piston makes its power stroke
A supply of oil sufficient for a number of hours work is contained in a tank
or reservoir X which is air tight and closed to the atmosphere
The oil 18 supplied to the engine by a force pump H₁ which fills a measuring
port L of defined capacity formed in a slide valve L³ the suction or measuring
pump O taking the oil from the reservoir X and returning excess through the
measuring port L which retains a measured charge the charge of oil being forcibly
projected therefrom by a pressure of an at one end of the port superior to that at
the other end
The oil valve L 18 in the form of a plunger sliding to and fro in a casing or
cylinder L³ closed at one end and fitted at the other with a gland L* through
which the plunger L³ passes and closes it The oil valve L 18 reciprocated by a
crank or cam eccentric D¹ on a rotating shaft S connected to it by a connecting
rod d¹
Referring to Figs 6, 8, 9 and 10 the oil valve L is formed with two ports or
passages L preferably passing diametrically through it one of which L¹ receives
and measures the charge of oil and the other serves as a passage for the oil to the
suction or measuring pump 0. The port L 18 of exact capacity to receive the

page_text: required charge of oil to be measured and the other and suction pump 0 may be
of any capacity ao long as the pump throws a quantity of oil in excess, and
advantageously much in excess, of the capacity of port Li
The cylinder or casing L³ is provided with an air port or passage leading
from the closed end of the cylinder through which the air compressed therein
by the upward stroke of the oil valve can be discharged and a port or passage *
diametrically opposite the discharge orifice of the port leading to or to be
connected with the vaporizer of an oil engine The cylinder L³ 18 also provided
with a passage or chamber P connected by pipes p p with the oil reservoir X and
diametrically opposite it with a port or passage o leading to the oil pump O
Through the cylinder L 18 also formed an air inlet aperture or port p through
which a fresh charge of air is admitted to the top closed end of the cylinder at
each backward stroke of the oil valve L'
A suction pump O to draw oil from the oil reservou is fitted to the side of the
cylinder L This pump is constructed of a flexible diaphragm o¹ to which a piston
10d 0 18 attached
The ports Land in the oil valve L³ are so situated relatively to the
passages and Po in the cylinder or casing L³ that when the valve L³ is at
the end of its forward stroke the measuring port L' is in communication with the air
passage and discharge passage and port 7 18 in communication with the oil
passages P and o and when the oil valve L is at the end of its backward stroke
the measuring port L' is in communication with the oil ports o and P
The oil reservoir X is filled with oil and air under pressure is forced into it
to assist the flow of the oil. This an pressure may be greater or otherwise according
to the speed of working.
In the modification shown in Figs 8 and 9 a second or auxiliary cylinder T is
connected by port with the closed end of the cylinder L³ to supply a greater
volume of compressed air of the cylinder T may be employed alone to compress
the air
In the modification shown in Fig 10 the compressed air necessary to project the
charge of oil from the determinate port L' of the oil valve is supplied from an
al vessel T into which air is forced by any suitable form of air pump oi com-
presser
Referring to Fig 12 the arrangement shows the second or suction port in the
slide valve replaced by a self acting inlet or auction valve U controlling the oil
passage u to the pump The action is similar to that already described the pump
drawing oil from the reservoir through the valve U and forcing the excess back
to the reservoir through the passage o measuring port L' and pipe u¹
air
19
י
In operation the measuring port L' in the oil valve L being charged with oil on
the forward stroke of the plunger Ls the air 18 compressed in the closed end of the
cylinder L and au passage On the valve reaching the end of its stroke the
measuring port comes between and connects the au passage and the discharge
passage feading to the vaporizer of the motor and the compressed au forcibly
or violently impells the measured charge of oil contained in the port L¹ into
the passage leading to the motor in the form of a fine spray or jet mixed with
At the same time a stroke or pulsation of the pump O having taken place
oil flows or is drawn from the reservoir X and port P through the oil port into
the passages o leaving the pump 0 and passage o fully charged with oil on the
downward stroke of the oil valve L' the ports in the cylinder or casing are first
closed and the air inlet aperture 2 18 uncovered admitting a fresh charge of air
to the closed end of the cylinder At the end of the downward stroke of the oil
valve or plunger L³ the measuring port L' comes betwen and connects the oil
passages Pando and the return stroke or pulsation of the pump 0 forces oil
through and leaves a charge of oil in the measuring port L¹ displacing the air
therein which passes back into the oil passage p and escapes to the top of the oil
reservoir X. The cycle of operations is then repeated at each stroke of the oil
valve La

page_text: To lubricate the working parts an oil reservoir advantageously constructed so
that its contents may be seen 18 connected to the crank chamber by a passage
controlled by a valve which permits oil to pass to the crank chamber from the
reservoir but prevents any return Passages lead from this oil reservoir to grooves Q
in the bearing surfaces on which the crank discs revolve From there a hole in
each crank disc passes to a groove in each connecting rod pin bearing, thence a
hole in each such pin leads to a hole or tube Q' passing along the connecting rod to
a groove in the crosshead pin bearing surfaces, and holes lead from there to a groove
on the exterior of the piston A hole in the cylinder wall, which is in communication
with the piston oil groove when oil is to circulate, leads to a chamber from whence
the oil gravitates to an oil receptacle inside the crank chamber. In connection
with this circulating system an air vessel is employed which contains a constant
quantity of air imprisoned in it When the au m the crank chamber 18 compressed
this also 18 compressed by means of a pipe connected therewith When the pressure
in the crank chamber is released, the imprisoned air in the air vessel expands
forcing oil through the passages and bearing surfaces because the hole in cylinder
wall is open to the piston oil groove and oil is free to pass to the crank chamber
that way, but cannot the other because of the non-retuin valve
To control the speed of the engine the cylindrical valve L' may be partially
rotated by a suitable governor J and thus the oil measuring hole or groove be
caused not to come between the ports before described and thus the injection of
oil into the cylinder is suspended or the same movement may cause another oil
measuring hole or groove of less capacity instead to come between the ports as
described and the force of the impulses be reduced but not altogether stopped
The cylindrical valve may be periodically and positively rotated so that the
contents of the main oil measuring hole or groove may be now and then discharged
into a suitable reservoir maintained at a temperature sufficient to vaporize the
sprayed oil and thus form a gas which issuing from a small orifice and mixing
with further waim air is ignited and forms a flame wherewith a tube or
vaporizer may be kept sufficiently hot to ignite the charge
The engine runs at a set speed when it tends to exceed this the governor cuts
off or moderates the oil supply as before described When it tends to fall below
this the governoi J causes a gong or bell W to be sounded A cam works a lever
to and fro on the end of which is a striking piece w connected with the governor
and at or in excess of the normal engine speed the striking piece w misses the
gong W placed contiguous When the engine slows down too much the striking
piece w 18 brought in contact with the gong W thus giving the requied warning
When the apparatus is applied as a motor the expansive force of oil vapor gas or
the like is applied to the piston and when applied as a pump the action is reversed
and rotary motion is applied to the pinion shaft P from which the piston is operated
and the oil measuring apparatus is not required
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is.
1 In a motor engine or pump the combination with a tubular piston of a
cross head pin turned at its ends to correspond with the internal contour of the
piston and fit into and engage with the interior and a piston connecting rod with
hollow head which fits onto the cross head pin and through which it passes sub-
stantially as described
2 In a motor engine or pump a tubular piston bored to two diameters forming
an internal shoulder and a head affixed theirto, in combination with a cross head
pin turned at both ends to fit into the interior and engage with the shoulder therein
a sciew stud passed through the cvlinder head and screwed into the cross head
pin and a piston connecting rod with hollow head embracing the cross head pin
substantially as described
3 A piston for motors constructed substantially as described and shown

page_text: 4 In a motor or pump the combination with the piston of a connecting rod
constructed with projecting pins K at the free end which engage with and operate
the crank discs mounted on pins Journalled in the casing which discs gear with
a pinion on the diving shaft substantially as described
5 Apparatus for measuring a charge of liquid combustible at a rapid rate for
motors constructed with a container for the liquid combustible a slide valve with
a measuring port formed therein through which excess of oil passes back to the
reservoir and which retains a measured charge of oil and a casing enclosing the oil
valve provided with suction and delivery ports and a force pump connected with
the oil container and with the suction and delivery ports by which a flow of oil
18 induced at intervals substantially as described
6 In apparatus for measuring and injecting a charge of oil the combination
with an oil reservoir of a slide valve provided with two transverse passages or two
sets of transverse passages a casing provided with ports which the passages in the
valve alternately put in communication and a pump for drawing the oil through
one passage or set and forcing it into the other passage or set in the valve sub-
stantially as described
7. Apparatus for measuring a charge of liquid combustible constructed sub-
stantially as described with reference to either of the figs of the drawings
8 In an oil motor the combination with the governor or other part of the motor
of a gong or bell which is sounded when the motor falls below normal speed sub-
stantially as described
9. A motor having the several parts constructed and arranged in combination
substantially as described and shown
J
Varab 1900