IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLESH GLOVES AND RUBBERS FOR THE BATH, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Livermore, of College Hill, Cannon Street, in the
City of London, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF FLESH GLOVES AND RUBBERS FOR THE BATH, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Livermore at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd November 1880.
16
ISAAC LIVERMORE, of College Hill, Cannon Street, in the City of London.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLESH GLOVES AND RUBBERS FOR
THE BATH, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention consists of improvements in the manufacture of flesh gloves and
rubbers for the bath, and for other purposes, whereby they are made with a
roughened surface which, whilst being sufficiently soft and pliable to be used with
the most tender skin, is also sufficiently tenacious to prevent the same slipping
over the skin without imparting the desired friction.
For this purpose I take raw caoutchouc, preferably that known to the trade
as "fine para rubber," which I pass through ordinary crushing rollers, from which
the caoutchouc issues in the form of a rough tape, strip, or sheet; this I cut into
the required forms, and if for flesh gloves, or such like articles, I cement the parts
together, after which I apply a backing of woven fabric thereto by the aid of proper
solution.
For other descriptions of rubbers I coat a strip of woven fabric, preferably on
both sides, with the rough sheet caoutchouc above described.
Colours and vulcanizing materials may be applied to the caoutchouc, if desired,
before it is passed between the crushing rollers, and the articles when made may
be submitted to a curing or vulcanized process either hot or cold, but I prefer to
employ the above mentioned rough tape, strip, or sheet of raw caoutchouc in its
unvulcanized condition, as the surface thereof is more suitable for the purposes of
the Invention, but if desired the caoutchouc may be treated as in the manufacture
of vulcanized or unvulcanized sheet rubber, but instead of cutting the block of
caoutchouc into sheets it is passed through crushing rollers, thereby producing a
rough tape, strip, or sheet of a somewhat similar character to that above described,
but of dark colour; this form would require to be cured or vulcanized, as before
described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Isaac Livermore in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd May
1881.
ISAAC LIVERMORE, of College Hill, Cannon Street, in the City of London.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FLESH GLOVES AND RUBBERS FOR
THE BATH, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention consists of improvements in the manufacture of flesh gloves and
rubbers for the bath, and for other purposes, whereby they are made with a
roughened surface which, whilst being sufficiently soft and pliable to be used with
the most tender skin, is also sufficiently tenacious to prevent the same slipping
over the skin without imparting the desired friction.
For this purpose I, according to one plan, take raw caoutchouc, preferably that
known to the trade as "fine para rubber," in the condition in which it is imported
into this country, and pass the same without previously masticating it through
ordinary crushing rollers, from which the caoutchouc issues in the form of a rough
tape, strip, or sheet; this I cut into the required forms, and if for flesh gloves, or
such like articles, I cement the parts together in the usual manner of cementing
together pieces of sheet caoutchouc, after which I apply a backing or lining of
woven fabric thereto by the aid of proper solution, as is well understood in the
manufacture of other articles of india rubber.
For other forms of rubbers for the bath, or for other purposes, I coat a strip of
woven fabric, preferably on both sides, with the rough sheet caoutchouc above
described.
If desired, colouring and vulcanizing materials may be applied to the caoutchouc
before it is passed between the crushing rollers, in which case the various materials
are intimately combined by the action thereon of the crushing rollers, and the
rough tape, strip, or sheet issuing from the said crushing rollers will be found
coloured and prepared for vulcanization.
Articles made as above described of india rubber are finally submitted to the
ordinary vulcanizing process.
Or if desired the caoutchouc may be treated in the manner adopted in the
manufacture of vulcanized or un-vulcanized sheet rubber to produce a block of
coloured or uncoloured caoutchouc, combined or not with vulcanizing materials, but
instead of cutting the block of caoutchouc into sheets it is passed through crushing
rollers, thereby producing a rough tape, strip, or sheet of a somewhat similar
character to that before described, but of different colours according to the method
of preparation; articles made of a rough tape, strip, or sheet prepared as lastly
described would require to be cured by what is known as the cold process when
not combined with vulcanizing materials, but would require to be submitted
to the ordinary steam vulcanizing process when vulcanized materials have been
combined therewith, as will be well understood.
I would here remark that I prefer to employ a rough tape, strip, or sheet of raw
caoutchouc in its unvulcanized and uncured condition in the manufacture of flesh
gloves and rubbers for the bath, and for other purposes, as the surface thereof is
more suitable for the purposes of the Invention than when cured or vulcanized.
I would further remark that I do not confine myself to any particular form for
the flesh gloves or rubbers made according to my Invention as they may be
variously formed, and the gloves or rubbers may be made of any suitable woven
fabric and be covered entirely or only partially with the rough tape, sheet, or strip
of caoutchouc.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode in which I
carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is the
manufacture of flesh gloves and rubbers for the bath, and for other purposes in the
manner substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Livermore, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
1. LIVERMORE. (L.S.)