Improvements in Ventilators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 20th May, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., The
General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London,
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication
to me by William McFarlane, of Toronto, in the Province of Ontario, Canada,
Carpenter) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in ventilators and the object of the
invention is to design a ventilator by which an upward current may be created no
matter which way the wind may be blowing and it consists essentially of two
casings the inner one of which is preferably cylindrical in form while the major
portion of the outer casing is tapered towards the top, the lower portion being
cylindrical and having openings at the side of which are pivoted wings which are
arranged to guide the current so that it may ascend upwardly between the outer
and inner casings and thereby produce a strong current of air or draught to ascend
the inner casing or pipe as hereinafter more particularly explained.
Fig. 1, is a sectional perspective view showing the peculiar construction of my
ventilator.
Fig. 2, is a cross section through a-y Fig. 1.
In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each
figure.
a is the inner casing and, B, the outer casing. The major upper portion of the
outer casing is tapered as shown. The lower portion of the outer casing has
openings, b, at one and the same side of which are hinged the doors or wings, C.
These doors or wings, C, are slightly larger than the openings, b.
D, is a conical cap secured at the top of the casings a and B, preferably on
standards which extend upwardly from the outer casing as shown. It will be
noticed that the lower part of the conical cap is also preferably concavo cone
shaped as shown. The cap, D, forms a cover so as to prevent the rain from
going down through the centre pipe or cylindrical casing into the chimney
or room.
E, is the base plate which is provided with rings e, and, e', to which the bottom
of the casings, a and, B, respectively are secured. It will be noticed that the top
of the base slants outwardly from the centre casing, as shown. f, are holes made
through the bottom of the ring, e', and the bottom of the casing, B. These holes f,
are designed to allow of the escape of any water which may accumulate on the
base plate, E, from the rain or snow which may get through the openings.
G, is the pipe or flue of which the casing a forms a continuation. This pipe, G,
is broken away and has a damper, y, pivoted in its lower end. When the ventilator
is used on a chimney top it will of course be understood that the damper, g, or any
other damper of suitable construction may be adjusted at the fireplace so as to
regulate the draught which passes up through the flue, G, and ventilator. In a
railway carriage it will of course be understood that the damper, g, may be always
regulated by any suitable connection. When my ventilator is used for a railway
carriage it will be understood that there is always a strong current of air when the
train is going at full speed passing through the openings, b, up through the
cylindrical casing, B, and consequently the draught passing up through the cylin-
drical casing a will be very strong. By having the damper, g, as described the
amount of draught may be easily regulated.
When the wind is blowing in the direction indicated by the arrow it will be seen
that the wings or doors, C, on the side against which the wind is blowing are

page_text: forced open by the wind while the wings or doors on the opposite side of the
casing, B, are thrown against their respective openings so as to close them. It will
thus be seen that there is no possible danger of the escape of the wind through the
openings on the, lee side of the cylindrical casing, B, and consequently the wind
that comes up through the openings on the windward side will have to force its
way through the open top, of the cylindrical casing, B. In so doing it circles.
around the inner casing or pipe a and as it passes over the top it causes a draught
to come up through the centre casing a.
In Fig. 1, I have shown a cap or hood on the top of the ventilator but it
will of course be understood that this is not essential to the proper working of
the parts.
As before stated the bottom of the cap is formed concave cone shaped with the
apex above the centre of the centre pipe so that the draught coming up the centre
tube will not be materially interfered with when making its escape through the top
of the centre casing or pipe a.
Although I have shown in the drawings my ventilator applied to a chimney it
will of course be understood that it might with equal facility be used for ventilating
a room, public hall or railway carriage.
I find in practice that when it is applied to the top of a chimney it acts perfectly
no matter which way the wind may be blowing.
I also find it preferable to use four wings or doors, one or two of them being
always open, this of course depending upon the direction in which the wind is
blowing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An improved ventilator consisting of the inner casing a and outer casing, B,
having openings, b, to the sides of which are hinged the wings or doors, C, as and
for the purpose specified.
2. As an improved ventilator the inner casing a and the outer casing, B,
the upper part of which is tapered while the lower part is cylindrical and has
openings, b, to the sides of which are hinged the wings or doors, C, as and for the
purpose specified.
3. The combination with the inner casing a and outer casing, B, having
openings, b, provided with hinged doors, C, of the cap, D, having a cone-shaped
lower portion, the apex of which is supported over the centre of the cylindrical
casing or pipe a as and for the purpose specified.
4. The combination with the inner casing a and the outer casing, B, having
openings, b, at the sides of which are hinged the doors or wings, C, of the
base plate, E, slanting from the centre to the outside edge and having holes, f,
leading through the outer rings to the outside of the casing, B, as and for the
purpose specified.
5. The combination with the inner casing a and the outer casing, B, having
openings, b, at the sides of which are hinged the doors or wings, C, of the damper g,
located in the pipe or flue, G, as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 6th day of April 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.