Year: 1896

page_text: We, THOMAS JAMES BENNETT, of 160 Walton Street, Oxford, Dentist, and
WALTER FREDERICK THOMAS, of 37 Bloomsbury Street, Birmingham, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this our said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in oil or spirit engines, and has reference
more particularly to spray making mechanism.
The spray making mechanism consists broadly as follows:
A circular disc is made having a number of holes through it, which are
concentric and equidistant from each other. These holes are of such a size, by
reason of their diameter and the thickness of the disc, as to give a certain desired
capacity. This disc is mounted upon a spindle which is driven from the main or
cam shaft of the engine by suitable gearing &c. A portion of this dise is now
covered on both sides by what we may term port plates, that is, they fit tightly
against the side of the disc, and are provided with one (or more) holes or ports in
each, which are opposite to each, and coincide with one of the holes in the disc, so
that when the hole in the disc is thereat, there is an open passage right through,
bence each of the holes in the disc are brought successively opposite such port
holes. There may in some cases be more than one row of concentric holes and
their corresponding ports. The port holes upon the one side communicate by a
suitable nozzle pipe or pipes with the mixing chamber of the engine, while the
port holes upon the other side communicate by means of suitable pipes or passages
with one or more pneumatic valves, which said valves are automatically operated
by cams upon the disc spindle or other suitable arrangement. In connection with
these valves is a multiple way cock so that the air supply may be turned from a
common pipe to either one of the air valves. This air pressure being supplied by
a suitable pump &c. from the engine.
The mechanism is so arranged that the disc is about half way submerged in a
tank: of oil or spirit, so that as it revolves the holes are charged with the liquid
and while thus charged the said holes pass forward between the port plates so
that their contents cannot escape until brought in line with the port holes
aforesaid.
At the same time that a charged hole is brought in line with the ports one or
other of the pneumatic valves may be opened by its cam, so that simultaneously
the charge is blown forward through the nozzle pipe in the form of a spray into
the mixing chamber. The cams may be arranged to act in various relatio
to the revolutions of the engine so that the charges may thus be used
or alternately or otherwise as desired.
If desired the quantity of the charge may be adjustably regulated by making
the disc in two parts having telescopic charging holes, which may be extended or
shortened as desired.
The circular disc is made of such thickness and the holes it contains of such size
as to bring up the precise amount of fuel required for working the engine, or it
may be made adjustable by making it double and connecting the holes telescopically
with pieces of pipe and arranging it so that the disc can be made narrower or wider
as required.
It is desirable that the circular disc should rotate always in the same direction

page_text: whether the engine be revolving right hand or left, and to effect this a special
gear is employed consisting of two loose wheels on the driving spindle, and two
wheels fixed to a counter spindle. Between the two loose wheels on the driving
spindle there is a sliding clutch which may be slid into gear with the one wheel
or the other as required, and therefore in case the direction of the engine is
changed, the same direction of motion of disc may be maintained. In a reversible
engine this clutch is connected up in such a way as to automatically cause the
circular disc to always revolve in one direction.
The cams on the circular disc spindle may be so arranged that the engine can be
worked with an impulse every revolution of engine, or with every two revolutions
as in the "Otto" cycle.
Dated this 25th das of Tul 1906
CHARLES T. POWELL,
Applicants' Agent.
Improvements in Oil and Spirit Engines.
We. THOMAS JAMES BENNETT, of 160 Walton Street, Oxford, Dentist, and
WALTER FREDERICK THOMAS, of 37 Bloomsbury Street, Birmingham, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to improvements in oil or spirit engines, and has for its
object the improved spray making mechanism as hereinafter explained.
In order to more clearly explain this our invention we have appended hereunto
illustrative sheets of drawings upon which are figures and numbers of reference,
similar numbers referring throughout the several views to the same thing or part.
Fig. 1, is a general front view in part sectional elevation of means by which we
may effect this our invention.
Fig. 2, is a part side view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, is a sectional view in detail of the feed disc aud its adjacent parts on
line A-B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4, is a plan view of the mechanism, with the cover of the oil tank
removed.
Fig. 5, is a side elevation, and Fig. 6 an end elevation and Fig. 7 a sectional
elevation on line C-D Fig. 5, all of a modified form of the measuring disc.
Fig. 8, is a part sectional view, Fig. 9 a plan view, and Fig. 10 a side view of
valve and cam mechanism for controlling the air blast supply.
This invention applies more especially to an engine capable of two separate
cycles of operations, such for instance as described in Specification for Letters
Patent No. 10399 of 1896, but is not necessarily limited to such.
Referring to Figs. 1 to 4:-12, is a circular revolving disc, which is rotated upon
a spindle 13 by suitable gearing from some revolving part of engine. As shown
the periphery of the disc is toothed so as to form a gear wheel engaging with the
pinion 14 which latter is carried upon the spindle 15 which said spindle is driven
by engine as before stated. This disc is perforated with a number of holes 16, 16,
which are preferably drilled at an angle, so that they all point conically towards a
prolonged axial point. These holes are made of such a capacity-by reason of
their diameter and the thickness of the disc-that they may hold the desired
quantity of oil for a charge, for the single or noncompressive cycle. On each side
of the disc are fixed plates 17 and 18 covering a portion of the said diso. Each
of these plates have a hole 19 and 20 which coincide with each of the holes 16 in the

page_text: dise, as they reach a certain point. 21 is a tank into which a constant supply of oil or
spirit is pumped by means of the pump 22, eccentric 23, &c., from the reservoir 2 t.
Other means of course may be adopted to keep the tank 21 properly supplied. The
plate 18 is fixed to or formed upon the inner side of the tank; while the other plate is
preferably held against the disc by springs such as 25, and may be made to engage
telescopically at 26 with the air inlet pipe 27. The hole 20 in the fixed plate 18 is
connected by the pipe 28 with the feed pipe 29 which communicates with the
mixing chamber of the engine. At the junction of the hole 20 with the pipe 28,
we make a depression or well 30. Should one of the holes 16 with its charge of
oil reach the hole 2, and not be thence discharged to the engine, this charge
would flow into and lie in this well 30 until together with a successive charge it is
blown or drawn (as the case may be) into the engine. The speed of the disc 12 is
arranged so that one of the holes 16 is brought in line with the holes 19 and 20 at
the point of cominencement of each forward stroke of the piston on the single or
noncompressive cycle, and while under this cycle the boles 16 are discharged
successively to the engine. On the Otto or compression cycle however a charge is
required only once in every two revolutions of engine, but at the same time a larger
charge is necessary, because in the single cycle only half a cylinder of explosive
mixture is required, while in the Otto cycle a cylinder full is required. Hence
while on the single cycle, the charge in each successive hole is used straightaway,
that is, at every revolution of the engine, but when the engine is working upon the
Otto cycle the charge is only injected into the cylinder as every other one of the
holes reach the port hole in the plates 17 and 18. The intermediate charges
however empty themselves into the well 30 and there await the successive charge,
when both are thus drawn or forced into the engine, at every two revolutions. By
means of the adjusting screw pin 31, the capacity of the well 30 may be increased
or diminished, and thereby the quantity of reserved charge correspondingly
regulated, as, if the screw be adjustably unscrewed the capacity is increased and
vice versa.
By reason of the dise 12 revolving slowly, the filling of the holes 16, takes place
with certainty.
In some cases we may modify the construction of the disc in order to adjustably
regulate at will, the capacity of the charge holes, as shown for instance in Figs. 5, 6,
and 7, in which it will be readily seen that it is supplemented by the telescopic
plate 32 which is adjustably regulated by the screw nut 33, so as to lengthen or
shorten the charge holes 16, see Fig. 7.
In
The air inlet pipe 27 we prefer to be open to the atmosphere, so that the vacuum
caused by the forward stroke of the piston of the engine shall suck the charge from
the disc 12 into the mixing chamber of the engine. In some cases if found
necessary we may use compressed air through the pipe 27 for this purpose, in which
case, the air would be supplied and controlled by any suitable mechanism, such for
instance as that shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, in which 34 is the air pressure supply
pipe leading through the multiple way cock 35 to the valves 36 and 37.
connection with these valves is placed the revolving spindle 38, upon which is
carried the cams.39 and 40. Upon each of these cam plates 39 and 40 it will be
seen that there are four cams, those of the one plate being placed alternately with
those of the other plate, the sum of the two being eight in correspondence to the
number holes in the charging disc. The multiple way cock 35 may he turned by
the handle 41, so that the air passage shall be open to both valves, or only to the
valve 37. If open to the both valves, a valve is opened eight times to each
revolution of the spindle 38, that is, to each charge hole 16; but if the cock 35 be
so turned as to communicate with the one valve, then only four lifts take place in
the same time, which agrees with the alternate holes 16 in the disc, and thus the
single or the Otto cycle may be accommodated as desired.
Reverting to the nozzle pipe 28, and feed pipe 29, it will be seen (see Fig. 1)
that the end of the pipe 28 is contracted somewhat; hence when the charge is
blown or drawn therethrough, it is discharged in the form of a spray. The pipe 29

page_text: also is screwthreaded so as to receive the adjustable screw collar 42 and the lock
nut 43. In this pipe are also made air inlet holes 44, which may be adjustably
closed by means of the screw collar 42 so as to admit more or less air as required,
with the charge.
Provision may be further made to check the supply of oil or spirit in case the
engine races, as follows:-When the valves 36 and 37 are used, the controlling
handle 41 of the cock 35 is connected up to the governor of the engine so that
should the engine reach a certain speed the said cock is closed; also where the
charge is sucked in, as before described, an ordinary tap upon the pipe 27 may be
similarly controlled by the governor, so that when such tap was closed, the charge
in the disc could not be drawn forward by reason of the vacuum that would be
created behind it.
Although we have only shown one circular row of charge holes 16, in disc 12,
we do not limit ourselves thereto, as we may vary the number and disposition as
occasion may arise; also instead of a revolving charge plate we may use a sliding
or other suitable charge plate, but the revolving plate appears to answer best.
It is desirable also that the disc 12, should always rotate in the same direction
independent of the engine working forward or reversed. This may be effected by
any of the well known mechanical contrivances, such for instance as the reversible
bevil wheel gear and clutch arrangement, and also the spur wheel gear arrangement,
both of which are used for the screw reversing in lathes, so that should the engine
be reversed, the direction of motion of the disc 12 may be also reversed. In
practice however we prefer to provide two arrangements of discs 12, the one
rotating in the opposite direction to the other, so that either one of them may be
used at will.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be perforined, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In oil or spirit engines, the combination with such engines of the combination
and arrangement of mechanism substantially as herein set forth and illustrated and
for the purposes specified.
2. In oil or spirit engines the employment of a measuring disc or plate such
as 12 having charge holes 16 communicating at given intervals with port holes
such as 19 and 20 with their accessory parts, substantially as set forth and shown.
3. The combination with the tank 21, plates 17 and 18, and pipes 27 and 28, of
the modified adjustable mensuring plate 12 as shown and described in Figs. 5, 6
and 7 and for the purposes specified.
4. The combination with the disc 12 with its charge holes, plates 17 and 18,
ports 19 and 20, pipes 27 and 28 and cock 35 with valves 36 and 37, of the well 30
all substantially as set forth and shown and for the purposes specified.
5. The combination with the disc 12 with its charge holes, plates 17 and 18,
ports 19 and 20, pipe 28 and pipe 27 with its controlling tap, of the well 30, all
substantially as set forth and shown and for the purposes specified..
Dated this 27th day of April 1897.
CHARLES T. POWELL,
12 Cherry Street, Birmingham, Applicants' Agent.