Year: 1889

page_text: ALBERT VAN WAGENEN of Cobbleshill, in the State of New York one of the
United States of America do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed. to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the production of a machine for the manufacture of
nails in a rapid manner and practically without waste of stock.
In accordance with my invention the wire fed into the machine is cut off inter-
mitingly in lengths sufficient for two nails, and the double blank so formed is offset=
at or between its ends where-the-points are to be formed, and the offset. blank
transferred to a carrier separated through the offset portion thereof, and thereafter
each blank while held between suitable die-rolls is subjected to the action of a header
which puts a head upon each nail, the nails so headed being thereafter discharged.
My invention in machine for forming nails from wire-like material, consists
essentially in the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz-feed mechanism
to feed the wire; combined cutting and forming mechanism to sever the wire
to form a double blank and offset the same where the blank is to be separated to
constitute the points for two nails a transferrer; carrying wheels for the blank
and cutting mechanism to separate the double blank at its offset portion and form
points for the nails, and heading mechanism to head the blank, substantially as will
be described.
Also, in a machine for forming nails from wire-like material, the combination of the
following described instrumentalities, viz:-feed mechanism to feed the wire; the
combined cutting and forming mechanism to sever the wire to form a double blank
and offset the same where the blank is to be separated to constitute the points for two
nails, the carrying wheels for the blank, and the cutting mechanism to separate the
double blank at its offset portion and form points for the nails, and the transferrer to
operate, substantially as will be described.
Also, in a machine for forming nails from wire-like material, the combination of
the following described instrumentalities, viz:-feed mechanism to feed the wire, th
combined cutting and forming mechanism to sever the wire to form a double bank,
;

page_text: and to offset the same, the carrying wheels for the double blank, the cutting
mechanism to separate the double blank at its offset portion and form points for the
nails and the die rolls having die grooves, substantially as will be described.
Also, the combination in a nail making machine of a former har to bend the stock
to form a double blank, and blank carrying wheels having grooves out of line with
each other, as described, and a transferrer to transfer the offset blanks into the said
grooves, substantially as will be described.
Also, in a machine for making nails, the former bar, carrying wheels having grooves
out of line, as described, and a transferrer to transfer the offset double blank into the
said grooves, combined with cutting mechanism to sever the offset blank and form
points for the nails, substantially as will be described, without waste of stock.
Also, in a nail making machine, blank carrying wheels having grooves out of line,
as described, and the cutters to sever the offset blanks, combined with die rolls having
die grooves, and with headers to head the nails held in the said die grooves,
substantially as will be described.
Also, the former and anvil to offset the double blank, the transferrers, the carrier
wheels for the blank and the cutting mechanism to sever the off-et blank, combined
with a shield having flanges to permit the escape from the grooves of the separate
blanks, substantially as will be described.
Also, in a nail making machine, the carrier wheel and the compound shaft 40, 42,
to which it is attached, substantially as will be described.
Fig. 1, is a front elevation of a machine embodying my invention.
Fig. 2, a top or plan view.
Fig. 3, a right hand end elevation.
Fig. 4, a vertical section in the line a Fig. 1.
Fig. 5, represents the carrying rolls H², H³, separately.
Fig. 6, shows a blank for two nails after the said blank has been offset, the dotted
line showing the line in which the offset portion is to be severed to form the points
for two nails.
Fig. 7, shows the cam A2 developed.
Fig. 8, a sectional detail showing one of the headers, header carrier, its operating
device and part of one of the die rolls, the said Fig. also showing part of the opposite
headers and header carriers.
Fig. 9, a detail of the pawl for rotating the feed wheels.
Fig. 10, shows the cam A³ in side view.
Fig. 11, a longitudinal sectional detail in the line e 20, Fig. 1, of part of the feed
looking up the shaft d being reversed end for end.
Fig. 12, a sectional detail of one of the carrier wheels and its shaft.
Fig. 13, is a left hand elevation of the device shown in Fig. 12.
Fig. 14, is a top view of the lower part of the wire guide.
Fig. 15, a detail of the stationary cutter.
Fig. 16, a detail in front elevation of the wire guide and its cap together with the
cutters and " former."
Fig. 17, details of the cutter employed to sever the blank at the offset portion to
form the points of the nails.
Fig. 18, a plan view and cross section of the transferrer.
The frame-work A, of suitable shape to sustain the working parts, has in it a main
shaft A provided with several cams as A2, A3, A4, and A.
The frame-work has projecting from it suitable bearing sleeves as B1, B1, B2, B3,
which receive in them the compound shafts B3, B4, and H, H, to be described, the
shafts B3, B4, being provided at each end with like toothed gears as B5, the gears 135
being engaged and rotated by like gears B on the shafts H. H¹, the gears B being
engaged by like gears B' upon a shaft D.
:
The shaft D has fast upon one end of it a ratchet toothed wheel D' which is engaged
by tooth of an elbow lever D³ pivoted at D and having a roller or other stud
which enters a groove at one side of the.cam A', the said cam, through the said. elbow
lever, and ratchet wheel, rotating the shaft D and the two shafts H, H, and B, B..>

page_text: The shafts H, H', and B3, B4, at their inner ends have applied to them respectively
the blank-feeding or carrier-wheels H2, H³, and C, C¹.
The wheels and Care provided respectively with grooves a, a, and the
wheels H2, H3 with grooves a², a³, the grooves a, being however slightly out of line
horizontally with relation to the grooves a', and the grooves a² with relation to the
grooves a³ for a distance substantially equal to half the diameter of the wire, as best
shown in Figs. 1 and 5, or to the extent desired for the point-forming offset, yet the
said grooves are substantially parallel.
The blank-feeding or carrier-wheels H2, H3, are in like manner provided respectively
with grooves a², a³, slightly out of line as described, of the wheels C, C.
In the open space between the wheels C, C, is a cutter .carrier (³, see Fig. 4, and
in the space between the wheels H, H. is a like entter carrier C³.
:
Each of these cutter carriers C2, C3, has its shank extended into a suitable guide,
as (5, and each shank is toothed as at C to be engaged by segmental teeth, see
Fig. 4, cut into like rock shafts C, C7, one located above the rolls, C,, in
bearings, and the other being located below the rolls H2, H³, in suitable
bearings (10
The rock-shaft C has at each end a liko arm which is connected by a like link c'
with like arms ² secured to the rock-shaft C, the said arms c² each having a roller
or other stud, as c³, to enter a cam-groove at the face of both the can hubs A*
and A'.
The said cams through the said arms and links and rock-shafts operate the cutter
carriers C2, C3, simultaneously to act upon and sever the double offset blanks b¹, sec
Fig. 6, in the dotted line, the said severance being it will be noticed in the offset
portion of the wire or metal comprising the blank.
The wire b to be made into nails will he taken from a suitable reel, not shown, and
be led between the feed rollers d, d', of usual construction.
The feed rolls d are connected to a gear d² fast on a shaft d³ in a box d, and the
feeding roll is fast to a toothed gear m engagement with the toothed gear d².
The toothed gear do is fast on a shaft, dhaving a ratchet d³ which is engaged by a
spring held pawld-carried by a pawl carrier.d, see Fig. 9.
The hub of said carrier is provided for a portion of its periphery with gear
like teeth 61, see Fig. 2, which are engaged by the teeth 2 of a sector lever do fast
upon a shaft d¹².
The said lever do has a downwardly extended arm d¹×, see Fig. 1, provided
with a roller or other stud which enters the cain groove d³ in the cam hub A², the
said lever actuating the feeding wheels intermittingly.
The wire at the rear side of the feeding wheels enters a wire channel 3 formed in -
a plate e, see Fig. 14, covered by a cap e¹, the plate e being provided with a cross
groove.to receive in it the stationary catter member shown separately in Fig. 15,
as composed of a bar having a series of grooves in order that the wire may readily
pass into any one of the said grooves.
The cutter is provided with a series of grooves rather than with one groove in
order that when the said cutter member becomes worn by the continuous passage of
the wire through it, the said cutter member may be cut off or shortened so as to
bring a new groove into operative position with relation to the wire channel 3, and to
co-operate with the movable cutter e which as herein shown is also a former.
Immediately opposite the carrier wheels, the plate e is slotted entirely through in
the line of the channel 3 to receive within it a combined cutter and former e³ attached
by set screws e to a former carriage e, see Fig. 4, having rack teeth as e, which are
engaged by segmental teeth e of a lever having a roller or other stud which
enters a groove in the right hand side or face, see Fig. 10, of the cam hub A³.
The groove e, see Fig. 4, at the opposite side of the said cam hub A³ receives a
roller or other stud at one end of a lever el having its fulcrum at, shown by
dotted lines Fig. 4, and having an arm to which is attached by a screw c¹ in a
slot 40 a transferrer e, see Fig. 18, the said transferrer having imparted to it a
movement at right angles to that of the wire as produced by the feeding wheels.

page_text: The cap e', at its underside immediately above the bender e³ has an anvil-like face,
see Fig. 16, designated by 5, 6, the two faces being joined by an incline 7.
The transferrer is also of corresponding shape in cross section, see Fig. 18, and the
top or acting face of the former is of like shape, that is, it has a portion 8 which is
longer than the portion 9, and the two portions are connected by a beveled portion 10.
After the wire has been fed into the groove 3 until its end meets the stop 12, see
Fig. 16, the cutter and former are operated.
The corner 12 of the former as it rises co-operates with the stationary cutter
member c, severs from the end of the wire a blank of a length sufficient for two
nails, and at the same time that it severs, the wire to form the blank, the foriner and
the anvil above it act to offset the blank, and leave it in the condition represented in
Fig. 6, where the offset blank is designated by the letter b¹.
The shaft and the shaft parallel to it, see Fig. 1, both extended to the rear of
the machine have fastened to or made as part of them, like sector gears fl, see Fig. 8,
which engage, respectively the teeth of two like headed carriers, each provided
with a header, the said headers being operated in opposite directions so that each
will act upon and head that one of the nails which may be presented opposite it and
held between the nail carrying die rolls F, F, the die roll F, being fast upon the
shaft D while the die roll F is fast upon the shaft F2 having its bearing in a
detachable frame F secured by bolts Es to a strong body F projecting from the
frame-work, the shaft F2 having secured to its opposite ends like gears F³, which are
engaged and rotated by the gears B' before described, the said gears F³ on the
shaft being kept firmly in engagement with the gears B7 on the shaft. D by means
of a strong screw F or other equivalent contrivance, the said screw being herein
shown as screwed into the frame and having an enlarged head or collar to act upon
part of the frame F.
of
The double blank or a blank of sufficient length for the formation of two nails
point to point, after having been offset as described, is acted upon by the transferrer e¹³,
is moved forward from the line of the groove 3, and placed in the grooves a², a³,
the wheels H2, H3, the latter wheels being moved intermittingly in unison so as to
receive one double blank after another in its nearly parallel grooves, the said blanks
being suitably retained in the said grooves by means of fingers 63 connected to the
cape, see Fig 4, and coming nearly in contact with the said rolls.
At some distance from the transferrer, the blanks carried by the wheels H2, H3,
are brought into position opposite the grooves a, a, in the wheels C, C, corresponding
with the grooves a², a³, which grooves act to hold the said double blanks until they
arrive substantially at the tangent point of the two wheels C, (, on one side, and the
two wheels H2, H3, on the other side. The two cutters (2, and C³, are operated
simultaneously to sever the double blank in the dotted line Fig. 6, and thereafter
the two partially formed nails are carried forward under a shield 64 until the
separated blanks are delivered into the die-grooves 65 of the rotating die roll F, the
latter carrying the said partially formed nails down under it and between it and a
second shield 66 until the said partially formed nails are brought into line with
correspondingly shaped die grooves in the second die roll F¹.
The partially formed nails come into like pockets of the two die rolls F, F1, at the
tangent points of the said die rolls, at which time the headers described are
operated.
The headers act to head the two partially formed nails, while the said two rolls
hold the said nails in their die grooves.
A further rotation of the die rolls F and F, after heading the said nails brings
them up under a shield or bridge piece 67 when they fall off the machine.
Should
the said headed nails stick in the die grooves of the die rolls F¹, then the stripping
plate 6 attached to the block or frame F by the screw 69 and straddling the
die rolls will remove the nails, making them fall from the machine into any suitable
receptacle.
The part of the frame-work having the bearings for shafts B3, B4, is bolted to a
main upright h of the frame work by bolts extended through holes in the frame a

page_text: little larger however than the diameter of the bolt, and the rigid. portion of the
frame is provided with a headed bolt 2 which acting against the bearing portion
causes the gears B³ to be held firmly in mesh with the gears B°.
Herein it will be noticed that the wire to be formed into nails is offset where the
points of the nails are to be formed, thus enabling the wire to be cut practically at
right angles to its centre, and enabling the wire severed by a single cut to leave
proper points for each nail, the offset portion of the nail when severed leaving the
points beveled in two directions with the apex of the point substantially at the centre
of the nail, the points being thus formed without waste of stock, and by merely
offsetting or hending the double blank centrally and then cutting the blank, the
point of the nail is not hardened but is left comparatively soft.
The points are practically formed by a cutting rather than by a compressing
operation.
The edges of the shields referred to under which the severed blanks travel havo
flanges opposite the head forming parts of the blanks to prevent the nails moving
laterally out of the grooves in which they rest. The die grooves at their outer ends
may be round or of other shape and be more or less enlarged to enable the metal of
the blank when acted upon by the headers to be upset into the said space to give any
desired form or shape to the head of the nail.
.
The inner ends of the grooves of the die rolls are shaped to conform to the shape
desired for the points of the nails, and when the header operates to strike the nail to
head it, it also moves the nail slightly in the said die groove so that the point of the
nail will be finished.
The grooves in the rolls C, C, and H², H³, may be corrugated or indented to
corrugate or indent the body of the nail.
L
One of the steel blocks m which constitute the working faces of the cutters to sever
the double blanks at its offset portion is shown separately in Fig. 17, on an enlarged
scale and it will be seen that the said block, has two depressions 3 and 31 withi, a
diagonally arranged cutting portion 32, between.
I do not claim broadly the formation of two nails at one operation, or the severance
of a double blank to form two nails.
The compound shafts to which are secured the carrier wheels referred to are all
alike as represented by Figs. 12 and. 13, which show the wheel C³.
The compound shaft is composed of a sleeve as 40 located internally near one end
and slotted longitudinally at 41 in three places to leave short arms, and a rod or
bolt 42 having a tapering head 43 and screw threaded at its opposite end as at 44 to
receive the nut 45 by which to drive the said bolt or rod into and so as to expand the
split end of the sleeve in the central hole of the carrier wheel.
to
The gear at the outer end of the compound shaft is secured to the sleeve part of the
said shaft.
The headers are backed up by screw rods 48, see Fig. 8.
I do not desire to limit my invention to heading the blanks in grooves of a second
pair of rolls, as instead by a slight modification of the parts I may head the blanks
while held in the grooves of the first set of rolls H2,'H³; and'C', C³, in which grooves
the double blanks are separated and pointed.
It will be obvious in case great speed were not desired that blanks of wire long
enough for two nails might be fed to the forming mechanisin to be offset and thence
he transferred into the grooves of the blank carrying wheels where the offset blanks
are severed to form the points, but it is decidedly preferable to feed the wire into the
machine from a coil.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :
1: In a machine for forming nails from wire-like material, the combination of the
following described instrumentalities, viz. the feed mechanism to feed the wire,
the combined cutting and forming mechanism to sever the wire and form a double

page_text: · blank and offset the same where the blank is to be separated to constitute the points
for two nails, the carrying wheels for the 'blank, and the cutting mechanism to separate
the double blank at its offset portion and form points for the nails, substantially as
described.
2In a machine: for forming nails from wire-like material, the combination of the
following described instrumentalities; viz. the feed mechanism to feed the wire, the
combined cutting and forming mechanism to sever the wire to form a double blank
and offset the same where the blank is to be separated to constitute the points for
two nails, the carrying wheels for the blank, and the cutting mechanism to separate
the double blank at its offset portion and form points for the nails, and the transferrer (
to operate, substantially as described.
3 In a machine for forming nails from wire-like material, the combination of the
following described instrumentalities, viz. :-the feed mechanism to feed the wire, the
*combined cutting and forming mechanism to sever the wire to form a double blank,
and to offset the same, the carrying wheels for the double blank, the cutting"
mechanism to separate the double blank at its offset portion and form points for
the nails and the die rolls having die grooves, substantially as described.
.
4: The combination in a nail making machine of a former bar to bend the stock
to form a double blank, and blank carrying wheels having grooves out of line with
each other, as described; and a transferrer to transfer the offset blanks into the said
+grooves; substantially as described.
5:-In a machine for making nails, the former bar, carrying wheels having
grooves out of line, as described, and a transferrer to transfer the offset. double
blank into the tsaid grooves; combined with cutting mechanism to sever the
offset blank and form points for the nails, substantially as described, without waste *
of stock.
6: In a nail making machine, blank carrying wheels having grooves out of
line, as described, and the cutters to sever the offset blanks. combined with die rolls
having die grooves, and with headers. to head the nails held in the said die. grooves,
substantially as described...
$
7: The former and anvil to offset the double. blank, the transferrers, the carrier
wheels for the blank and the cutting mechanism to sever the offset blank, combined
with a shield having flanges to permit the escape from the grooves of the separate
blanks, substantially as described.
8 In a nail making machine, the carrier wheel and the compound shaft-40, 42,
to which it is attached, substantially as shown and described.
i