Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 25th Apr., 1891
Improvements in Steam Generators.
We, BRONISLAW KOSINSKI and VICTOR KISIELNICKI, of the City of Warschau,
in the Empire of Russia, Gentlemen, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings
:-
This invention relates to an improved form of steam generator intended for
creating and working very high pressures, wherein the main or principal advantages
of the apparatus are, that the steam is generated in a cheaper and more rapid
manner than is done by other generators, it is likewise far simpler in construction
and occupies but little space and is more easily fixed and perfectly secure against
explosion when working under very high pressure.
The apparatus consists of two concentric cylinders, the bottoms of which are
made circular in form and are let one into the other so that between the two an
annular empty space is formed, and between and around the sides of the said two
concentric cylinders a spiral ledge or screw is connected therein. At the lower part
a socket or tube connection piece is provided and a further tube connection is
likewise fitted to the upper portion. The fire grate is situated directly underneath
and the generated gases are led into and around the said two concentric cylinders
and then into the flue or uptake from whence they escape, at the same time creating
sufficient draught for the fire.
The generated heat in the first instance surrounds the entire sides and upper and
lower surfaces of the two concentrical cylinders and that of the jacket or shell
surrounding same and water is then periodically or otherwise forced or injected
by suitable and regulated means through the lower socket piece or connection tube
into the heated space formed or permitted between the said two concentrical tubes
and on admission the water becomes instantaneously converted into steam, its escape
is permitted through the upper tube socket or connection piece either into a steam
chest or receiver or wherever desired for use. In consequence of the very high
temperature created at and within the generator, the steam generated is then led
through the spiral ledges or partitions and will be found to arrive ready for use
in a highly overheated state and of very great pressure and can be produced
at about 100 atmospheres or above same.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 exhibits a vertical section and Fig. 2 a
horizontal section illustrative of my improved form of steam generator wherein the
following letters refer to like or corresponding parts. a¹ and a² are the two concentric
cylinders one of which a', is contained within or let into the other a² as shewn in the
drawing, and the lower or circular bottom portions are closed as also the upper
portion of same, leaving the empty annular space c¹ between same. d, is a spiral
ledge or curvilinear screw in and around the said empty annular space c¹. B is the
fire or furnace grate. A the flue or uptake and C the shell or outer jacket.
The principle of working the apparatus is that by the action of heat from the
furnace B, beneath the generator, it acts direct in the first instance towards the
lower and outer curved surface of the concentrical cylinder a' and around the sides
and surfaces of the concentric cylinders a' and a², as also to the sides and surfaces
of the shell or jacket casing c, which surrounds same; the generated gases or
products of combustion are led from thence into the flue or uptake and passing away
into the chimney D. e¹ is a socket or connection piece fitted to the lower portion
of the concentric cylinder a', communicating with the closed vacant annular space
formed between that and the inner concentric cylinder a². Water is forced or
injected at certain regular or intermittent periods through the said tube connection e'
into the highly heated chamber c', and is then almost instantaneously converted into

page_text: steam and in consequence of the highly heated temperature and state of the chambers
it is caused to reach a very high pressure. eis a tube connection or socket piece
which permits (under control) of the steam escaping or being led elsewhere or
stored and ready for use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The form and construction of a steam generator capable of generating steam of
more than ordinary high pressure in an annular space formed between two concentric
cylinders closed at top and bottom, and placed close to and in connection with one
another and having a spiral ledge or form of screw division or intersection. Water
is injected or pumped into the vacant annular space at certain regular or intermittent
periods as may be arranged through a tube connection into the annular space formed
between the inner and outer concentric tubes and upon heat being applied to the
same by means of the furnace beneath the chamber space so formed becomes highly
heated and the water forced or injected therein is almost instantly converted into
steam of extremely high pressure which is led through the spiral ledges or
partitions in a further highly heated condition to the upper tube or socket connection
piece ready for use, substantially as in manner fully described and illustrated
herewith.
3333
C. R. BONNE & Co.,
57 & 58, Chancery Lane, W.C., Authorised Patent and Trade Mark Agents.