Improvements in Water-tube Boilers, and in Tube Fastenings for such Boilers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd July, 1894.
Complete Specification Left, 27th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 27th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water-tube Boilers, and in Tube Fastenings for
such Boilers.
1, JOHN HAYTHORN, of Eastwood Engine Works, Pollokshaws, in the County
of Renfrew, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of water-tube
boilers.
A boiler as made with my improvements consists of a number of elements or
sections combined with one or more steam drums or upper cylinders. Each
element consists of a lower narrow horizontal or nearly horizontal box or casing
connected by a number of water tubes to an upper vertical or nearly vertical box
or casing. In one modification the tubes starting vertically from the lower box
curve over and extend nearly horizontally to the upper box, the fire place being
under the nearly horizontal parts of the tubes. The elements are placed side by
side and the upper ends of their upper vertical boxes are connected by flanged and
bolted joints or by screw couplings either to a box or casing extending across the
set of elements and connected to a steam drum or cylinder which may be parallel
or at right angles to the elements, or to a steam drum or cylinder above the upper
element boxes. The set of lower boxes may be connected in a similar way to a
box or casing lying across their euds and connected by one or more large pipes to
the steam drum or cylinder, these connections being for the descent of the water to
the lower ends of the water tubes. Or the descent or return downwards may be
provided for wholly or partly through some of the curved tubes connected to the
upper and lower element boxes. The fire gases acting directly on the nearly
horizontal parts of the lower portion of the water tubes, are by a partition which
may be formed by arranging tubes close together, or by inserting firebrick slabs,
made to pass along the water tubes towards their lower ends whence they returna
amongst the upper portion of the tubes and above the partition to an uptake.
Each element may have one or more rows of water tubes connecting its upper
and lower boxes; and when required for examination or repair any one element
can be disconnected and taken away without disturbing the neighboring
clements.
The water tubes may be fastened to their boxes by tubular pieces screwed upon
their ends and into sockets in the boxes, the screw threads on the tube ends being
either of finer pitch than those in the sockets or being of the other hand. The
extreme end of each tube may bear tightly directly on a flat or conical seat in the
socket or in the connecting piece or upon an interposed washer or packing piece of
copper or other suitable material.
Instead of each water tube consisting of one beaded length it may consist of
two straight lengths connected by a curved coupling piece into the ends of which
the lengths are screwed, the tube ends being made tight by bearing on flat or
couical seats or on interposed washers.
Dated this Second day of July 1894.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water-tube Boilers, and in Tube Fastenings for
such Boilers.
I, JOHN HAYTHORN, formerly of Eastwood Engine Works, Pollokshaws, in the
County of Renfrew, but now of 82, Gordon Street, in the County of Glasgow,
North Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said invention has for its object to improve the construction of water-tube
boilers.
A boiler as made with my improvements consists of a number of elements or
sections combined with one or more steam drums or upper cylinders. Each
element consists of a lower narrow horizontal or nearly horizontal box or casing
connected by a number of water tubes to an upper vertical or nearly vertical box
or casing. The elements are placed side by side, and their vertical boxes are
connected to a drum or cylinder above them. The set of lower boxes are
connected by large pipes to the drum or cylinder for the descent of the water to
the lower ends of the water tubes; or some of the water tubes may be made larger
for the purpose. Each element may have one or more rows of water tubes
connecting its upper and lower boxes. When required for examination or repair
any one element can be disconnected and taken away without disturbing the
neighboring elements.
The water tubes may be fastened to their boxes by improved fastenings
hereinafter described.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings,
to be hereinafter referred to, and showing my improvements in water-tube
boilers.
Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1, of the drawings is an end elevation of one modification of
my improved boiler, one half being shown with the smoke-box door removed, and
the other half being in section. Figure, 2, is a vertical section of the same, as
taken at right angles to Figure, 1.
Figures, 3, and 4, on Sheet 2, are similar views respectively to Figures, 1, and 2,
of a second modification of my improved boiler.
Figure, 5, is a sectional elevation of one modification of my improved tube
fastening.
Figures, 6, and, 7, are sections of modifications of a tube coupling piece or
fastening.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
Each element of the boiler shown in Figures, 1, and 2, consists of a lower narrow
horizontal (or nearly horizontal) box or casing, A, connected by a number of water
tubes, B, to an upper vertical or nearly vertical box or casing, C. The tubes, B,
starting vertically from the lower box, A, curve over and extend nearly horizontally
to the upper box, C, the fire place, D, being under the nearly horizontal parts of
the tubes. The elements are placed side by side and the upper ends of their upper
vertical boxes, C, are connected by flanged and bolted joints (or it might be by
screw couplings) to a box or casing, E, extending across the set of elements and
connected to a steam drum or cylinder, F, which may be at right angles (as shown
in Figures, 1, and 2,) or parallel (as shown in Figures, 3, and 4,) to the elements,
or directly to a steam drum or cylinder above the upper element boxes. As shown
in Figures, 1, and 2, the box, E, is divided by a partition, G, and the water and
steam pass up on the outer side of the partition into a narrow space formed by the
shell of the drum, F, aud an inner shell, H, before entering the drum, F. The set

page_text: of lower boxes, A, may be connected in a similar way to a box or casing, J, lying
across their ends and connected as shown in Figures, 3, and 4, by one or more
large pipes, K, to the steam drum or cylinder, F, these connections being for the
descent of the water to the lower ends of the water tubes, B. Or as shown in
Figures, 1, and 2, the descent or return downwards may be provided for wholly or
partly through curved tubes, L, each connected to the upper and lower element
boxes, C, and, A. These tubes, L, are larger than the water tubes, B, and the
descending water enters their upper ends from the space on the inner side of the
partition, G, in the casing, E.
The fire gases acting directly on the nearly horizontal parts of the lower portion
of the water tubes, B, are by a partition which may be formed by arranging tubes
close together, or by inserting firebrick slabs, M, made to extend along the water
tubes from their upper ends towards their lower ends whence they return amongst
the upper portion of the tubes and above the partition, M, to an uptake, N.
Each element may have one or more vertical rows of water tubes, B, connecting
its upper and lower boxes, C, A. When required for examination or repair
any oue element can be disconnected and taken away without disturbing the
neighboring elements.
The water tubes, B, may be fastened to their boxes, C, A, by tubular pieces, Q.
screwed upon their ends and into sockets, P, in the boxes, C, and A, the screw
threads, on the tube ends being of finer pitch than those in the sockets as in any
of the modifications described in my Patent Specification No. 9570 of 1894 or the
two screw threads of the connecting piece, Q, may be right-handed and left handed
as shown at, Z, in Figure, 5.
Instead of each water tube, B, consisting of one bended length it may consist of
two straight lengths connected by a curved coupling piece, W, into the ends of
which (as shown in Figure, 6) or into coupling nuts, X, screwed on the ends (as
shown in Figure, 7) the lengths are screwed, the tube ends being made tight by
bearing on flat or conical seats or on interposed washers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved water-tube boiler, consisting of combined vertical sections,
each comprising a lower horizontal or nearly horizontal water box, casing, or pipe,
connected by curved water tubes to a vertical or nearly vertical casing, box, or
pipe communicating with a steam drum or cylinder; and in combination therewith
a furnace under nearly horizontal parts of the water tubes and a firebrick partition
dividing the water tubes into lower and upper portions and causing the fire gases
to pass amongst the lower portion of water tubes towards their lower ends and
thence amongst the upper portion of the water tubes substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. The improved fastenings for securing water tubes in casings, boxes, or pipes of
boilers consisting in each case principally of a nut or connecting piece having
right-hand and left-hand screw threads formed one on its inner and the other on
its outer side and adapted to be screwed upon the tube end and into a socket in the
casing box, or pipe substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The modification of water-tube boiler in which instead of water casings,
boxes, or pipes, being connected by single lengths of curved tubes two straight
lengths are substituted, being connected together by curved coupling pieces
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures, 6, and 7, of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of March 1895.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.