Improvements in and connected with Water Closets, Slop Sinks, and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 19th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Water Closets, Slop Sinks,
and the like.
1 SAMUEL STEVENS HELLYER of 21 Newcastle Street Stran 1 in the County
of London Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide water closets, slop sinks, and the like,
in which there is an efficient action of the flushing water so as to clear out the pan
The trap, or
or basin very effectually with a minimum amount of flushing water.
the portion to which the trap is secured, may also be so connected to the basin that
the said trap can be secured in the position most convenient for connection with the
soil pipe, or outlet pipe.
The basin is provided around its upper end with a hollow flushing rim into
which the flushing water enters prior to passing into the basin and in order to
properly distribute the water so that a sufficient amount thereof passes to the
portions of the basin opposite to the place where the water enters I make the rim
of such a form that its inside lip is directed in a straight line towards the sides of
the pan and so that in cross section the space inside the said rim is large at top
and gradually lessens to the lower part whereat the water issues into the basin the
exits for the water preferably consisting at the part of the rim near to the water
inlet of slits or orifices with blocked portions between them the exit or exits for
water at the part farther from the outlet consisting of a slit or slits of greater
length preferably of one slit extending along the front portion of the rim. Owing
to the cross sectional shape of the interior space of the rim and the disposition of
the slits or orifices as aforesaid whilst sufficient water issues into the basin at the
back portion thereof a considerable quantity of water passes along the comparatively
large space at the upper part of the rim and issues into the pan at and towards
the front portion thereof. The inside of the basin is made with a straight
channelled part extending at a steep angle down from the rim or a little below the
rim into the trap portion the said straight channelled part or a continuation
thereof extending so far that the rush of water tending to rise, does so within the
bend of the trap and not within the pan itself. At the sides and back of the
interior of the basin are formed curved or shouldered parts with the convexity
presented inwards and forming a comparatively narrow bottom portion or pocket
in the basin so as in conjunction with the straight channelled part and the action
of the flushing water on the shouldered sides to give a very efficient cleansing and
clearing out of the basin. In order to allow of the trap being connected in the
most convenient position the basin may have a circular flange at its lower edge and
the trap portion may be secured to a brass or other ring which is held between the
said flange and a flange formed on the top of the support upon which the basin
rests the last named flange and the necessary portion of the support beneath it not
being continuous but being left with an opening which allows the ring and trap
portion to be turned round to the most convenient position for attachment to the
soil pipe or outlet pipe, the parts being secured by any suitable means such for
instance as by bolts or other fastenings passed through or over the said flanges and
ring to which the trap portion is connected.
As this trap portion is usually of lead if it be desired to conceal the lead portion
visible from inside the basin the support may be made to take the place of the

page_text: part of the trap portion which would be visible, the lower part of the basin and
the upper part of the support being formed with flanges which can be secured
together by bolts or other fastenings. The trap portion is connected with an
opening in the side of the support and can be brought into the position most
convenient for attachment to the soil pipe, or outlet pipe by turning round the
support relatively to the basin and then securing the basin and support together.
In order to secure a good joint between the parts I may employ in addition to the
necessary cement or other material a ring of lead or the like with an opening in
it somewhat smaller than the openings around which it is placed so that a portion
of the lead or the like projects inwards, and after this has been hammered in, as
far as can be, the superfluous lead or the like can be removed and generally where
lead meets earthenware the lead should be inade so that it projects somewhat
inwards of the earthenware so that it can be afterwards filed, or dressed off, flush
with the earthenware, but so that no recess can be left at the joint. It will be
understood that the trap portion or the support as the case may be when it
constitutes virtually the bottom of the basin is shaped so as to have the form
constituting a continuation of the form of the inside of the basin as hereinbefore
described.
It will also be understood that if it be not desired to provide for the adjustment
of the position of the trap the basin and support may be made in one piece or be
permanently fixed together.
It is desirable that the pipe by which air is admitted to the trap to prevent
syphoning should enter at the downward side at a point where it is least likely to
receive foul matter, but in some cases such as where earthenware traps are used it
is desirable to place the arm for the connection of the air pipe at or near the top
of the trap so that the air pipe can be carried in any direction desired. To retain
the advantages of the arm at the top and the side opening into the trap I, instead
of making the arm open directly into the bend or crown of the trap, carry a
continuation or continuations thereof down one side or both sides of the descending
pipe and this or these open into the interior of the trap at the said side or sides.
Dated this 28th day of January 1896.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Water Closets, Slop Sinks,
and the like.
I, SAMUEL STEVENS HELLYER of 21 Newcastle Street, Strand, in the County
of London, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to provide water closets, slop-sinks, and the like
in which there is an efficient action of the flushing water so as to clear out the
pan or basin very effectually with a minimum amount of flushing water.
The trap, or the portion to which the trap is secured, may also be so connected
to the basin that the said trap can be secured in the position most convenient for
connection with the soil pipe, or outlet pipe.
I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, as
applied to a closet from which its other applications will also be understood,
Figures 1 and 2 of which are vertical sections at right angles to each other of a
water closet constructed according to my invention and Figure 3 is a plan of
one half of the same the closet being formed in one piece.

page_text: Figure 4 is a vertical section of a modification in which the basin, the trap
portion, and the pedestal or support, are made separate and connected together
according to my invention and
Figure 5 is a plan of the pedestal or support detached.
The basin A is provided around its upper end with a hollow flushing rim A
into which the flushing water enters prior to passing into the basin and in order
to properly distribute the water so that a sufficient amount thereof passes to the
portions of the basin opposite to the place B where the water enters I make the
rim A of such a form that its inside lip a is directed in a straight line towards
the sides of the pan and so that the space inside the said rim is large at the top a³
and gradually lessens to the lower part a³ whereat the water issues into the basin,
the exits for the water preferably consisting at the part of the rim near to the
water inlet B of slits or orifices b with blocked portions between them, the exit
or exits for water at the part farther from the outlet from the supply pipe
consisting of a slit or slits of greater length preferably one long slit extending along
the front portion of the rim. Owing to the cross sectional shape of the interior
space of the rim and the disposition of the slits or orifices as aforesaid whilst
sufficient water issues into the basin at the back portion thereof a considerable
quantity of water passes along the comparatively large space at the upper part
of the rim and issues iuto the pan at and towards the front portion thereof. The
inside of the basin is made with a straight channelled part extending at a steep
angle down from the rim A2 or a little below the said rim into the trap portion
the straight channelled part e or a continuation thereof extending so far into the
said trap portion that the rush of water tends to force any matter within the basin
or trap past the bend of the trap E, and out therefrom, so preventing it rising
within the pan itself. The sides and back of the interior of the basin are curved,
shouldered or bulged with the convexity presented inwards as shewn at c² so as to
form a comparatively uarrow bottom portion or pocket in the basin at d. This
pocket or contracted portion d in conjunction with the straight channelled part c
and the curved or bulged sides and back c2 cause the flushing water to act so as
to give a very efficient cleausing and clearing out of the basin. Instead of making
the closet in one piece as shewn in Figures 1. 2 and 3 the basin, trap, and pedestal
or support may be made separately and be connected together in the manner
shewn in Figure 4 the junction parts being so formed as to allow of the trap being
connected to the basin in the most convenient position for connecting the trap to
the soil pipe. The basin A is provided with a circular flange e at its lower edge
and the trap portion may be secured to a ring preferably of brass by which the
trap can be held between the flange e on the basin and a flange g formed on the top
of the pedestal or support F upon which the basin rests, the flange g and the
necessary portion of the pedestal or support beneath it not being continuous but
having an opening 9 see Figure 5 which allows the ring f and trap portion E to
be turned round to the most convenient position for attachment to the soil pipe or
outlet pipe, the parts being secured by any suitable means for instance by bolts
passed through the flauges e and g and ring f, a packing ring being interposed
between the flanges e and g.
When lead is used for the trap and it is desired that the lead should not be visible
from inside the basin the support may be made to form the part of the trap visible
from inside the basin as shewn at E in Figure 6, the lower part of the basin and
the upper part of the support being formed with flanges which can be secured
together by bolts or other fastenings with suitable packing between. The trap
portion E is connected with an opening in the side of the support F and can be
brought into the position most convenient for attachment to the soil pipe, or outlet
pipe by turning the support round relatively to the basin and then securing the
basin and support together. In order to secure a good joint between the parts
I employ in addition to the necessary cement or other material a ring of lead or
the like having an internal diameter somewhat less than the openings around which
it is placed so that a portion of the lead or the like projects inwards of these

page_text: openings and after this projecting portion has been hammered into the joint as far
as can be, the superfluous lead or the like can be removed, and generally where
lead is to be joined to earthenware for instance as in Figure 4 in which the lead
trap is connected to the carthenware basin and support, the lead is made so that it
projects somewhat inwards of the carthenware as shewn at i by dotted lines, the
projecting part of the lead Leing forced in between the flanges and any pro-
truling leal afterwards dress filed off flush with the earthenware that
no recess is left at the joint. It will be understood that the trap portion or the
support as the case may be when it constitutes virtually the bottom of the basin
is shaped so as to have the forma constituting a continuation of the form of the
in-ide of the basin as hereinbefore described.
It is desirable that the pipe or arm G by which air is admitted to the trap E to
prevent syphoning, should enter at the downward side of the trap as shewn in
Figures 1 and 3 at a point where it is least likely to receive foul inatter but in
some cases such as where earthenware traps are used it is desirable to place the
arm for the connection of the air pipe at or near the top of the trap so that the
air pipe can be carried in any direction desired. To retain the advantages of
the arin at the top and the side opening into the trap, instead of making the arm
open directly into the bend or crown of the trap, I carry a continuation o or
continuations thereof down one side or both sides of the descending pipe of the
trap and this continuation or these continuations open into the interior of the trap
at the said side or sides as shewn at G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In water closets, slop-sinks and the like a hollow flushing rim into which the
flushing water is admitted before it enters the basin of the closet or the like, the
said flushing rim having a straight inside lip sloping towards the sides of the pan
or basin, the inside space in the said rim being largest at top and gradually
lessening towards the lower part whereat the water issues from the rim into the
pan or basin of the closet, slop-sink or the like substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. A water closet, slop-sink and the like having a straight channel formed in
the interior at the front portion of the pan or basin and with inwardly projecting
or bulging parts on the sides and back of the pan or basin substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described.
3. In water closets, slop-sinks or the like, the arrangement of air pipe or arm
or air pipes or arms with a continuation or continuations down the side or sides of
the descending pipe of the trap communicating with the said pipe substantially as
herein before described.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved water
closet substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figures 1, 2 and 3
of the accompanying drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved water
closet substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figures 4 and 5
of the accompanying drawings.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the improved water
closet substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Figure 6 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day
1000
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.