IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF JOURNALS AND BEARINGS FOR SHAFTS, SPINDLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Dugdale, junior, and Edward Dugdale, both
of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers and Cotton
Spinners, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
JOURNALS AND BEARINGS FOR SHAFTS, SPINDLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES."
Sealed the 9th November 1860, and dated the 29th May 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dugdale and Edward
Dugdale at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 29th May 1860.
We, JOHN DUGDALE, junior, and EDWARD DUGDALE, both of Blackburn, in
the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers and Cotton Spinners, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF JOURNALS AND BEARINGS FOR SHAFTS, SPINDLES, AND OTHER SIMILAR
ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the application of a conical bush to the bearings
of shafts, spindles, and other similar articles, which conical bush is made with
a diagonal or straight groove through it, and when the shaft or spindle
becomes worn, it is moved endwise by lock nuts, or otherwise, so as to con-
tract the opening in which the shaft or spindle works. A modification of our
Invention consists in making a conical shoulder on or fixed to the shaft or
spindle, and in placing a bush over the said conical part; the exterior of the
bush in this case is cylindrical, and forms the journal of the shaft or spindle.

page_text: Our Invention is particularly applicable to slubbing frames, roving frames,
and to machines for spinning and doubling; when applied to slubbing and
roving frames, the spindle works in a conical bush, which fits in a tube
attached to the spindle rail; this conical bush has a lock nut to move it end-
wise when the spindle or the interior of the bush has become worn. Or a
double conical bush may be used, having two sets of lock nuts; in this case the
lower conical part fits in a tube attached to the spindle rail, or the hole in the
spindle rail itself may be tapered to fit the cone, or the conical bush may be
carried round with the spindle, and work in the tube attached to the spindle
rail.
In spinning and winding machines, the conical bush fits in the bolster
or bolster rail, and is moved endwise by a lock nut, or a conical shoulder may
be made or fixed on the spindle on to which the bush fits. When our
Invention is applied to the studs of carrier wheels or other articles, the conical
bush fits in a conical hole in the carrier wheel or other article, and is moved
endwise by a lock nut as before described. The conical bushes above referred
to are made of metal, hard wood, or other suitable material. Our Invention
is also applicable in constructing the journals and bearings of shafts and
spindles for other purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Dugdale and Edward Dugdale in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 28th November 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
DUGDALE, junior, and EDWARD DUGDALE, both of Blackburn, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Makers and Cotton Spinners, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Dugdale and Edward Dugdale, Her special licence that we,
the said John Dugdale and Edward Dugdale, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Dugdale and Edward
Dugdale, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time.
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-

page_text: land, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF JOURNALS AND BEARINGS FOR SHAFTS, SPINDLES, AND OTHER
SIMILAR ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John
Dugdale and Edward Dugdale, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Dugdale and Edward Dugdale,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention consists in the application of a conical bush to the bearings
of shafts, spindles, and other similar articles, which conical bush is made
with a diagonal or straight groove through it, and when the shaft or spindle
becomes worn, it is moved endwise by lock nuts, or otherwise, so as to con-
tract the opening in which the shaft or spindle works. A modification of our
Invention consists in making a conical shoulder on or fixed to the shaft or
spindle, and in placing a moveable bush over the said conical part.
Our Invention is particularly applicable to slubbing frames, roving frames,
and to machines for spinning and doubling; when applied to slubbing and
roving frames, the spindle works in a conical bush, which fits in a tube
attached to the spindle rail; this conical bush has a lock nut to move it
endwise when the spindle or the interior of the bush has become worn.
Or a
double conical bush may be used having two sets of lock nuts; in this case
the lower conical part fits in a tube attached to the spindle rail, or the hole
in the spindle rail itself may be tapered to fit the cone, or the conical bush
may be carried round with the spindle, and work in the tube attached to the
spindle rail.
In mules for spinning, the conical bush fits in the bolster or bolster rail,
and is moved endwise by a lock nut, or a conical shoulder may be made or
fixed on the spindle on to which the bush fits. When our Invention is
applied to the studs of carrier wheels or other articles, the conical bush fits
in a conical hole in the carrier wheel or other article, and is moved endwise
by a lock nut as before described. The conical bushes above referred to are
made of metal or other suitable material. Our Invention is also applicable
in constructing the journals and bearings of shafts and spindles for other
purposes.

page_text: And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an elevation of part of a spindle of a slubbing frame to which
our improvements are applied; Figure 2 is another view of the same spindle.
a is the spindle rail, in which is fixed the tube b, this tube has a conical
hole corresponding to the exterior of the conical bush c in which the spindle d
revolves; the conical bush c has a diagonal groove cut through it, as shewn in
Figure 2, but this groove may be straight if preferred; at the lower end of
the conical bush c are two lock nuts e, by which the bush is held in its place,
and moved endwise when required; f is the ordinary skew bevel pinion work-
ing on the tube b. When the spindle d or the interior of the conical bush c
becomes worn, the lock nuts e are tightened up to lower the bush c in the
tube b, the action of the two conical surfaces then contracts the hole in the
bush to compensate for the wear that had taken place, thereby making
a good fit, and preventing the vibration of the spindle. We wish to remark
here that the exterior of the bush c, and of the other bushes to be
hereafter described, may be recessed at intervals, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2,
and the metal left thicker between the shoulders cat the part opposite the
groove to increase the elasticity of the bushes, or they may be plane if
preferred.
Figure 3 is part of a roving frame spindle to which a modification of our
Invention is applied. a is the spindle rail, and the tube with a conical hole
fixed in the rail a; c is a double conical bush in which the spindle d revolves;
the lower part of the bush c fits in the tube b, and is regulated by the
double lock nuts e, and the skew bevel pinion f fits on the upper part of the
bush c, which is provided with the double lock nuts g. The lock nuts e are
for the purpose of contracting the opening in the bush c to compensate for
the wear of the spindle, as above described in reference to Figures 1 and 2,
and the lock nuts g are for lowering the pinion f when the interior of the
said pinion, or the exterior of the upper part of the bush c becomes worn.
Figure 4 represents part of a roving frame spindle to which another
modification of our Invention is applied. a is the spindle rail, and 6 the
tube fixed in it; c is the conical bush through which the spindle & passes;
this spindle is made with a groove h in which the ends of the screws i enter,
the object of these screws is to connect the bush c to the spindle, consequently
the bush revolves with the spindle, and slides up and down upon it; in this
instance, the exterior of the bush c forms the journal revolving in the tube b.
The lock nuts e and j serve to regulate the position of the bush c within the

page_text: tube b. The skew bevel pinion f revolves on the upper part of the tube bas
in Figure 1. We wish to observe that the groove h forms no part of our In-
vention, as spindles have before been made with grooves.
Figure 5 is a mule spindle to which our improvements are applied. k is
the bolster rail, in which is fixed by a set screw the bush with a conical hole
through it corresponding to the conical shoulder m forged or fixed to the
spindle; when the shoulder m or the interior of the bush becomes worn, the
bush is lowered to compensate for the wear. By this arrangement the ordi-
nary button shewn at m³ in Figure 7, is dispensed with, as the shoulder m.
prevents the spindle rising in its bearing.
Figure 6 is another mule spindle to which a modification of our Invention is
applied; this spindle has a shoulder m, as in the foregoing Figure, fitting in
the bush n, which has a lock nut o above and below the bolster rail k; by,
means of these lock nuts, the position of the bush n can be regulated to fit.
the shoulder m.
Figure 7 is another mule spindle shewing another modification of our Inven-
tion;
in this instance, the spindle is parallel at the bolster rail k as usual, and
a conical hole is made through the bolster rail fitting the bush n', which
bush is made with a groove, and is drawn endwise by the lock nut o. When
the spindle or the interior of the bush n¹ becomes worn, the bush is drawn
endwise by the lock nut in order to compensate for the wear; the button m¹
is to prevent the spindle rising as in spindles of the ordinary construction.
Figure 8 represents part of a mule spindle, shewing a modification of the
foregoing arrangement; in this case the tube n² fits in a cylindrical tube in
the bolster rail k, and the bush n with lock nut o are the same as the
same are in Figure 7. By means of the foregoing improvements in the con-
struction of mule spindles, the bolster rail may be made of cast iron indeed
of brass as now customary.
Figure 9 represents an ordinary throstle spindle to which our improved
bearings are applied. p is the lifting rail, and q the conical bush fitting in a
conical hole in the rail p; the lock nuts rare to contract the opening in the
bush to compensate for the wear of the spindle.
Figure 10 represents our improvements as applied to the stud of a carrier
wheel or other article of the like nature. s is the stud, on which fits the
bush t; the exterior of this bush is conical, and on it fits the wheel u, or
other revolving or vibrating article. The lock nut vis to tighten the bush t
within the wheel u, in order to contract the opening in the said bush, and thus
to compensate for the wear of the stud.

page_text: Figure 11 is an end view, and Figure 12 a section of a journal and
bearing of a vertical or horizontal shaft; w is the bearing with a conical
hole, and x is the conical bush fitting the hole in the bearing w; this bush is
prevented turning round by the key y; the lock nuts z are for drawing the
brush endwise to contract the opening when the shaft or the interior of
the bush becomes worn. In this case the groove in the bush a should be
in a line with the axis, and above as shewn in Figure 11.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described various modes
of performing the same, we wish it to be understood that we do not intend to limit
ourselves to the details given, as they may be considerably modified; but what
we do claim is, the improvements in the construction of journals and bearings
for shafts, spindles, and other similar articles, as shewn and described, and par-
ticularly the bushes marked c, l, n, n¹, q t, and x, which are capable of being
drawn endwise to compensate for the wearing away of the surfaces.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Dugdale, junior, and Edward
Dugdale, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-sixth day
of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty
JOHN DUGDALE, JUN³. (L.S.)
EDWARD DUGDALE.
(L.S.)
JOHN DUGDALE, JUN³. (L.S.)
EDWARD DUGDALE.
(L.S.)