IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER OR
OTHER LIQUIDS" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for raising water or other liquids from wells
and other locations, in which the source of supply is situated at the base of the
reservoir; and the object of the said Invention is to provide means whereby a body
of water or other liquid may be raised to any desired height and caused to flow
automatically in a continuous stream and without pumping.
In the accompanying Drawing
Figure 1 is a central vertical section of an ordinary bored or driven well.
Figure 2 is a similar view of the same well showing the present improvements
applied thereto.
Figure 3 is a section on the line X X Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a section on the line Y, Y, Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a central vertical section illustrating a modification of the Invention.
Similar letters of reference, indicate corresponding parts throughout the Drawing.
A indicates the barrel or casing of an ordinary bored or driven well and having
an open top and bottom and a series of water inlet holes near the base thereof.
The interior of this casing is made as nearly smooth and straight as possible and
of equal diameter throughout its entire length.
The top of this well casing is extended a short distance above the surface of the
ground and is provided with an outer flange B. At a suitable distance below the
top edge of the casing I make an outlet C, and attach to it a pipe D provided with
ball cock E discharging into a tank F.
Within the casing A, let it be supposed that the water ordinarily stands at the
ine marked Z Z Figure 1. now construct a cylindrical tube G of nearly the same
ength as the well casing and of a diameter but slightly less than the diameter of
he said well casing or tube,

page_text: The sides of the tube G are usually provided with small friction rollers H, placed
at proper intervals apart, for the purpose of keeping the sides of the said tube G at
an equal distance from the sides of the outer or well tube A, and the base of the
inner tube is provided with a solid head I bolted thereto.
The water-tight plunger tube G is then inserted within the casing and lowered
down into the water at the bottom of the well, and if necessary is filled or partially
filled with water, sand, or stones, in order to cause it to sink sufficiently deep into
the body of water in the well hole. As it is impossible to force the water backward
through the fissures and crevices in the rocks and earth to the source from which
the supply was originally derived, it will be seen that the water displaced will be
caused to rise upward above the line Z, Z. (Figure 1), between the sides of the
interior cylinder. or water-tight plunger G and the exterior casing, to a height
proportioned to the depth to which the said water displacer is sunk, and also to the
difference between the diameters of the two cylinders.
The ascension of the water between the inner and outer cylinders is greatly
assisted and accelerated by the capillary attraction between the two opposing faces
of the tubes.
The water should be forced upward until it has risen above the level of the
discharge opening C or to the top of the outer well casing when the top of the
inner tube or water displacer should be headed in and an air-tight covering or lid J
bolted down over the top of the well tube to prevent any accidental uprising of the
water-displacer or plunger consequent upon an increased flow of water to the well
and also to form an air dome, for a purpose to be hereinafter mentioned.
The water will now flow out from the well casing through the discharge pipe D
and ball-cock E into the tank F, the discharge being regulated by the ball-cock in
the usual manner.
Before putting on the head of the outer or well tube, the discharge cock should
be closed in order that a head of water may be had to supply the discharge pipe at
all times, and also that the play of the ball-cock should be so regulated that the rise
of water in the tank will close the cock before the level of the water in the well tube
will fall to the top line of the discharge, and thereby admit air to the space between
the top of the water and the top plate J, the object being to maintain a vacuum
at the top of the tube and thus assist the upward flow of water between the
two tubes.
In the modification shown in Figure 5 the general construction is the same, with
the exception that the top of the water-displacing-cylinder projects above the top
of the pump or well case, which is provided at its upper end with a stuffing box K,
through which the inner tube G passes, and this stuffing box, besides forming an
air-tight cap or covering to the space between the inner and outer tube also forms
a top guide-bearing to keep the water displacer in a central position within the
well tube. By leaving the top of the displacing cylinder open I am enabled to
charge the same with ballast without removing the head of the water-chamber
or space.
From the above it will be seen that I am enabled to raise water from, ordinary
well depths and to discharge the same from the well casing in an automatic
manner, and to dispense with all valves, buckets, pump-rods and other similar
mechanism.
A pipe L may be tapped into the outer cylinder or well casing below the
stuffing box K, to which an air exhausting pump may be attached for the purpose
of exhausting the air above the water and rendering the ascension of the water by
capillary attraction more easy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. In apparatus for raising water and other liquids, the combination with the
well-casing, of a water-tight cylinder or water-displacer permanently sunk within
the said well-casing, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

page_text: Second. In apparatus for raising water or other liquids, the well-casing A having
an air-tight lead J, a discharge opening C controlled by a suitable cock, and a
weighted water-displacer G centrally located within the said well-casing, all
combined and arranged to operate in the manner and for the purpo e set forth.
Third. In apparatus for raising water or other liquids the well-casing A provided
with a stuffing box K, and the water tight cylinder G extending through the said
stuffing box into the well-casing, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Dated this 25th day of April 1881
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.