Im- PROVEMENTS IN COPYING PRESSES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO STAMPING AND PUNCHING MACHINES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred George Brookes, of 62, Chancery Lane,
London, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of “ Im-
PROVEMENTS IN COPYING PRESSES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO
APPLICABLE TO STAMPING AND PUNCHING MACHINES."-A communication
from abroad by Louis Alexandre Farjon, of Brussels, in the King-
dom of Belgium, Engineer.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Georgo Brookes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
⚫ on the 31st July 1874.
I, ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES, of 62, Chancery Lane, London, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inveṇ-
tion for "IMPROVEMENT: IN COPYING PRESSES, A PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO STAMPING AND PUNCHING MACHINES," a communication to
me from abroad by Louis Alexandre Farjon, of Brussels, in the King-
dom of Belgium, Engineer, to be as follows:-

page_text: In constructing a copying press according to this Invention a simple
horizontal bar of cast or wrought iron formed as hercin-after described
and herein-after termed the " pressure bar" is substituted for tho
massive frame in uso hitherto for holding and supporting the actuating
means for communicating motion and pressure to the travelling upper
plate of the press. The said pressure bar is made to engage at cach ond
with a ring or hook or other suitable holding piece formed upon the
head of a screw bolt or pin, which screw bolt or pin has upon it a short
metal tube, the upper end of which tube fits upon a collar or flat surfaco
formed below the head of the said screw bolt or pin, and at its lower end
rests upon the base plate of the press. The said screw pin or bolt at its
lower end passes through the base plate of the press and is secured
thereto by a nut; or the screw pins or bolts may be fixed or attached
directly to the ends of the said pressure bar, which bar is there suitably
shaped to receive them and the upper end of the said metal tubes. In
the travelling upper plate of the press aro holes or apertures traversed
by the said tubes, and the said tubes have upon them suitable spiral
springs which rest upon the base plate of the press and press upwards
the travelling plate, giving the return motion thereto.
The required downward motion and pressure is communicated to the
travelling plate of the press by means of a lever taking on to one or
more studs or pins which serve as an axis or fulcrum for the said lever
to turn on. The said studs or pins traverse a slot or hole mado in the
middle of the said pressure bar, or projects from the sides thereof, and
the lower end of the said lever which may be single, or double, or
forked, to suit the stud or studs with which it engages is shaped
excentrically in respect of the centre or fulcrum on which it turns, so
that when the said lever is made to rotate partially in one direction
upon its axis its excentric end forces down the travelling plate of the
press, upon which it is made to act directly or through a moveable
piston or sliding pieco working in a hole made to receive it in the
pressure bar, which piston or sliding piece rests upon the travelling
plate of the press. In some cases the said piston or sliding piece may
bo made with teeth upon it, the said teeth being taken into by corre-
sponding teeth formed upon the lever end, the parts then working
together as a rack and pinion; or motion and pressure may be con-
municated to the travelling plate of the press by the actuating lever
being made to pass under and fit on to the lower part of the pressure

page_text: bar, the lower end of the said lever being made wider, and of such
section that when the said lever is turned down its said lower end will
force down the travelling plato of the press. Or one or more cams or
excentrics may be made or fixed on the pressure bar, which bar in that
case is capable of rotation, the actuating lever being affixed or connected
to or formed on the said pressure bar.
The mode of connecting the pressure bar to the base plate of the
press by means of bolts, tubes, and spiral springs, as described, is also
applicable to copying presses of ordinary construction.
In applying this Invention to stamping or punching machines the
tool holder or piston carrying the punch, dic, or stamp is capable of
sliding motion in the frame of the machine, and is provided with a
spiral spring to give its return motion, and the downward motion to the
said tool holder is given by means of a lever, as herein-before described,
the end of which lever is made excentric or has teeth upon it to take
into corresponding rack teeth upon the tool holder. Or when the
stamping or punching machine is of small size the downward motion to
the said tool holder may be given by a blow from the hand upon a knob
or lead formed upon the upper end of the said holder.
› SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred George Brookes in the Great Seal Patent.
Office on the 29th January 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
GEORGE BROOKES, of 02, Chancery Lanc, London, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
•
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Lotters Patent, bearing dato the Thirty-first day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in tho
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Alfred George Brookes, Her
special-license-that--I,-the said "Alfred George Brookes, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred George
Brookes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time.

page_text: the travelling upper plate of the press are holes or apertures traversed
by tho said tubes, and the said tubes have upon them suitable spiral
springs which rest upon the base plate of the press and press upwards
the travelling plate, giving the return motion thereto.
The required downward motion and pressure is communicated to tho
travelling plate of the press by means of a lever taking on to one or
more studs or pins, which serve as an axis or fulcrum for the said lever
to turn on. The said studs or pins traverse a slot or hole made in the
middle of the said pressure bar or project from the sides thereof, and
the lower end of the said lever, which may be single or double or forked
to suit the stud or studs with which it engages, is shaped excentrically
in respect of the centre or fulcrum on which it turns, so that when the
said lever is made to rotate partially in one direction upon its axis its
excentric end forces down the travelling plate of the press upon which
it is made to act directly, or through a moveablo piston or sliding piece
working in a hole made to receive it in the pressure bar, which piston
or.sliding piece rests upon the travelling plate of the press. In some
cases the said piston or sliding piece may be made with teeth upon it,
the said teeth being taken into by corresponding teeth formed upon the
lever end, the parts then working together as a rack and pinion; or
motion and pressure may be communicated to. the travelling plate of
the press by the actuating lever being made to pass under and fit on to
the lower part of the pressure bar, the lower end of the said lever being
made wider and of such section that when the said lever is turned down
its said lower end will force down the travelling plate of the press. In
some cases one or more cams or excentrics may be made or fixed on the
pressure bar, which bar in that case is capable of rotation, the actuating
lever being affixed or connected to or formed on the said pressure bar.
. The mode of connecting the pressure bar to the base plate of the press.
by means of bolts, tubes, and spiral springs, as described, is also appli
cable to copying presses of ordinary construction.
"
In applying this Invention to stamping or punching machines the
tool holder or piston carrying the punch, die, or stamp, is capable of
sliding motion in the frame of the machine, and is provided with a
spiral spring to give the return motion, and the downward motion to the
said tool holder is given by means of a lever, as herein-before described,.
the end of which lever is made excentric or has teeth upon it to tako

page_text: had to the accompanying Drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
"
Figure 1 represents in side elevation partly in section a copying press
constructed according to this Invention; Figure 2 is a plan view of part
of the same. Similar letters of reference are used in each of the said
Figures to indicate like parts where they occur.
the
a is the base plate or table of the press; bis the travelling plate; c is
pressure bar upon which are formed the studs or or axes c¹, c¹. Each
end of the pressure bar c takes into or is otherwise attached to a knob
or holding piece & forming the head of a screw bolt or pin d', which
scrow bolt or pin' passes through the base plate a and is secured thereto
by a nut or otherwise. Each of the said scrow, bolts, or pins, d¹ has
upon it a short.metal tubo e, the upper end of which tube fits upon a
collar. d forming the lower part of the bolt head d, and by its lower end
the said tube e rests upon the base plate a. Round cach of the tubes e
is a spiral spring which rests upon the base plate a, and tends to press
upwards the travelling plate against which it bears at its upper end.
In the said travelling plate bare holes or apertures formed in the
lugs.', which holes or apertures are traversed by the tubes e, e, the said
travelling plate being guided thereby. The required downward motion
-and pressure.is communicated to the travelling plate 6 by the lever g
the end g¹ of which lever is forked and takes on to the studs or axcs.c²
of the pressure bar c, which studs or axes o' serve as a fulcrum, round.
which the said lèver g is capable of turning, and the said lever end is
shaped excentrically in respect to its fulcrum c'; so that when the
said lever is made to rotate. partially in one direction, its excentric
end presses down the moveable plate b, imparting thereto the required
amount of travel and pressure. When the said lever g is made to rotate
partially in the other direction the travelling plate 6 is released from
pressure and is brought back to its normal position by the action of .the.
springs.ff.

page_text: Figure 10 illustrates another arrangement for pressing down the
moveable platė 6 of the copying press. The end of tho actuating
lever g is mounted upon an axis c¹ carried by boarings c³ affixed to or
formed on the pressure bar c.. Upon the end-g-of-the actuating.lover.g
are formed teeth, which teeth take into the teeth of a rack b³, formed
upon a sliding piston or plunger, which traverses and works through. a
hole or slot in the pressure bar c, and rests upon the moveable-plato-b..
By raising the lover so as to causo it to turn on its axis :c!; its teeth
at g', acting on the tecth of the rack 6, forco down the said piston or
plunger, and with it the moveable plate 6 of the press.
ה
Figures 11 and 12. represent.in clevation and plan view respectively
a modification of the arrangement shown in Figure 10. In Figures 11
and 12 ratchet, teeth gare-formed upon the end. g' of the actuating
lever. g. The said ratchet teeth are taken into by a pawl mounted
upon the pressure bar c, the said pawl and ratchet teeth being for the 1
purpose of holding down the moveable plate b when required, as will bo
well understood. . .
Figure 13 represents in elevation an application of a part of this
Invention to an ordinary copying press, wherein motion and pressure
are communicated to the moveable plate 6 by means of a screw c¹.2
working in a screw box formed in the beam c. The said beam is con.
nected to the base plate a by screw bolts or pins contained within the
short tubes e, the said tubes e having upon them spiral springs f.f, for
giving the return motion to the moveable plate 6 when released from
the pressure of the screw c¹.
.
.
".
Figures 14, 15, 10, and 17 illustrate the application of this Invention
to a stamping press for embossing or giving a convex or concave shape.
to photographic cards or other articles. Figure 14 represents the said
stamping press in side elevation, the moveable or stamping plate being
in its raised position. Figure 15 is a section of the same, tho said
moveable or stamping plate being depressed. Figure 16 is a plan of
Figure 14; and Figure 17 is a plan view of the base plate or table of the
press. The same letters of reference are used to indicato-like- parts
wherever they occur in Figures 14, 15, 10, and 17. a is the base plato.
of the press. In the said base plate is an oval hole or aperture a¹, over
which the photographic card or other article (Figure 15) to be sub-.
jected to the stamping operation of the moveable or stamping plate 6 is

page_text: placed. c is the pressure bar; on the ends of the said pressure bar aro
formed or affixed the head pieces d of the screw bolts d², which screw.
bolts by means of the nuts are secured to the base plate a. Above
the base plate a tho said screw bolts d' are enlarged, forming cylindrical
supports between the heads & and base plate a, the said supports acting
also as guides to the travelling plate b.
If preferred, instead of enlarging the scrow bolts & above the base
plate a, thus forming solid supports to the pressure bar, the said
pressure bar o may be connected to the base plate a by screw pins
having upon them short metal tubes as herein-before described in
reference to the copying press represented in Figures 1 and 2. Down-
ward motion and pressure is communicated to the moveable or stamping
plate 6 by means of a lever 7 acting upon a piston or sliding bolt b¹, as
herein-before described in reference to the copying press represented in
Figure 5 of the Drawings. is a layer of elastic packing placed between.
the piston b³ and moveable plate b. By turning over the lever from.
the position represented in Figure 15 pressure will be removed from the
moveable plato b, which plate will then be raised from off the base.
plate a by the action of the springs f. It will be seen that a portion of
the lower surface of the moveable plate b is made convex and of an oval.
form so as to fit the oval aperture or depression a' in the base plate a, and
to give the required degree of convexity to the card or article 6' operated
upon. Instead of being of an oval form the convex part or surface of
the moveable plate 6 may be rectangular to correspond with the shape
of the apertures or depressions in a base plate, such as is represented in
plan at Figure 18, or any suitable form may be given to the acting part
of the moveable plate, the aperture or depression in the base plate of the
press being made to correspond, or the said stamping press may be made
to stamp or emboss two or more cards. or articles at once, or to stamp
or emboss at the same time two or more parts of the same card or
article.
Figures 19 and 20 represent in elevation and plan respectively a
double stamping or embossing press constructed according to this

page_text: said convex parts fitting upon corresponding holes or depressions a¹ in
the base plate shown detached at Figuro 22.
Figures 23 and 24 shew in elevation partly in section and in plan
respectively a double stamping or embossing press in which tho pressing
or stamping parts of the moveable plate 6 are of a rectangular shape 5
corresponding with the rectangular holes or depressions a¹, a', in the base
plate a.
Figuro 25 represents in clevation, partly in section, and Figure 26 in
plan a stamping or punching machine constructed according to this'
Invention. a is the frame of the machine, 6 is the tool or die holder 1
which is capable of rising and falling in a hole made to receive it in the
said frame. Round the said tool or die holder is a spiral spring ƒ, tho
lower part of which spring bears against a shoulder a¹ formed in the
frame, and at its upper part the said spring bears against the head b' of
the carrier b; a³ is a slot formed in the frame a, the said slot being 1
traversed by a pin or axis a³; g is the actuating lever, tho end g¹ of
which lever is made excentric or cam like. The said lever hooks on to
the axis a³, and when turned into the position represented it presses
down the holder 6 and causes the tool or die upon it to operate; when
the said lever g is turned over to the other side the holder is released 2
from pressure and is raised by the action of the spring f.
Figures 27 and 28 represent in side clevation partly in section and in
plan respectively a stamping or punching machine in which motion is
communicated to the tool or die holder by teeth g¹ formed upon the end
of the actuating lever g taking into rack teeth b' formed upon the holder 2
b, which holder works in and is guided by a slot made in the frame a;
the lever 9 is mounted and works on a pin or axis a¹ traversing a slot in
the frame a. By raising or depressing the lever arm 9 the carrier 6 is
either forced downwards or raised into the position shewn in Figure 27.
Figure 29 shews in sido clevation a small punching machine in which 3
the downward motion to the tool holder is effected by a blow from tho
hand.
Figure 30 is a sectional view of Figure 29 taken through the part of
the frame in which the tool holder works.

page_text: holder provided at its upper end with a knob b', by which the downward
motion to the tool holder 6 is given by a blow from the hand. The said
tool holder traverses and works in a chamber or cavity formed in the
frame a. The return motion to the said tool holder bis produced by the
action of a spiral spring e placed round the said holder, and bearing by
its upper end against a flange or collar 6³ on the holder and by its lower
end against a shoulder a³ formed by the frame; d is a cover closing the
chamber in the frame a and acting as a guide for the holder b.
Figures 32 and 33 are a front and side elevation respectively of a
double punching machine, in which the tool holders and actuating
means are similar to those herein-before described and represented in
Figure 30.
Figure 34 is a side clevation of a similar machine adapted for stamping,
the holder being provided with a stamp or die b².
Figure 35 represents in sido elevation a small punching machine, in
which the return motion to the tool holder -is given by a coiled spring
placed round the said holder below the frame instead of by a spiral
spring enclosed within the frame, as shewn in Figure 30.
Figure 36 is a sectional view of part of Figure 35, and Figure 36ª is a
sectional plan of Figure 35. a is the frame; b, the tool holder, which
traverses a brass tubular bushing e fitted into a suitable hole or aperture
made through the frame; d is a coiled spring connected at its upper
end to the said bushing c and at its lower end to the lower end b' of the
tool holder b. A blow upon the knob & causes the tool holder 6 to
descend and operate the punching tool, at the same time extending
the coiled spring d, which spring then contracts, drawing up with it tho
tool holder d.
-
A double punching machine, the tool holders of which machine, are
constructed and actuated, as herein-before, described and illustrated in
the sectional view, Figure 36, is represented in front elevation at
Figure 37, in side elevation at Figure 38, in horizontal section through
the upper part of the tool holders at Figure 39, and in horizontal section
through the lower part of the frame at Figure 40.
Figures 41-and- 42 represent in side elevation and sectional plan
respectively a single stamping machine, the acting parts of which
machine are constructed and disposed as herein-before described and

page_text: illustrated in Figure 36, except that a stamp or dicis substituted for
the punch represented in said Figure 36.
Having now described the nature of this Invention as communicated
to me, and means pursued in carrying the same into effect, I wish it to
bo understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, as tho
same may be varied without departing from the nature of the said
Invention; but I claim as the said Invention,—
Firstly. The improvements in copying presses, herein-before described
and illustrated in Figures 1 to 12 (both inclusive) of the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say, communicating the downward motion and
pressure to the travelling plate of the press by means of an eccentric or
cam lever bearing against the pressure bar of the press or connected
thereto and against the said travelling plate, either directly or through
an intermediate sliding piece or plunger, or by means of a lever provided
with teeth taking into corresponding teeth upon a sliding bar or rack
resting on the said travelling plate, tho return motion to the said
travelling plate being given by spiral springs placed round short tubes
situated between the pressure bar and base plate of the press, and
secured in position by screws bolts or pins connecting the pressure bar
to the base plate at each side of the press, substantially as described and
represented.
Secondly. The improvements in copying presses of ordinary con-
struction, hercin-before described and illustrated in Figure 13 of the
accompanying Drawings, that is to say, giving tho return motion to the
travelling plate of the press by means of spiral springs upon the bars or
bolts connecting the pressure bar or frame to the base plate.
Thirdly. The application and adaptation of the Invention to stamping
or embossing presses, substantially as herein-before described and illus
trated in Figures 14 to 21 (both inclusive) of the accompanying ¦
Drawings.
Fourthly. Tho application and adaptation of the Invention to stamping
or punching machines, substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated in Figures 25 to 28 (both inclusive) of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fifthly. The application and adaptation of the Invention to small
punching or stamping machines wherein the downward motion to the

page_text: ool or die holder is given by a blow from the hand, substantially as
crein-before described and illustrated in Figures 29 to 42 (both inclusive)
of the accompanying Drawings, that is to say, giving the return motion
o the punch or die holder of the said machines by means of a spiral or
coiled spring set round the body of the said holder.
In witness whereof I, the said Alfred George Brookos, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.