matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
ambulator Manufac
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Coleman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th January 1883.
CHARLES COLEMAN of 366 Oxford Street W. [in the County of Middlesex]
Perambulator Manufacturer, IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BRAKE
APPARATUS FOR PERAMBULATORS, BATH CHAIRS AND OTHER ANALOGOUS
PURPOSES.
The object of this invention is to provide au improved brake for perambulators
and similar vehicles and is intended to prevent accirients arising from the
uncontrolled movement of such vehicles when left unattended.
I attach to either or preferably both ends of the axle shaft a spring bolt or
trigger, part of the case of which is made as a depending lug bolted to the axle
shaft.
The inner ends of the bolts or triggers are provided with screw fastenings and
are connected by means of a loather or other suitable band of such length as to
allow both of the bolts or triggers to project either into holes drilled horizontally
into the hub of the wheels or in the case of metal or spider wheels directly
between the spokes of the same. To the handle of the Perambulator or other
vehicle is fixed one end of a suitable cord or strap the other being attached by
means of a loose ring with a cord connecting bolts or triggers. On the handle,
which is left to revolve freely in its socket or spindle, being slightly turned both
bolts or triggers are withdrawn from the holes in the hubs or from between the
spokes of the wheels thereby allowing the same to revolve freely, but directly the
handle is released the wheels become automatically locked. The arrangement of
my improved automatic brake may be modified to suit particular applications
without departing from the distinctive features of the same, and may be applied
to one or more wheels of Perambulators or other vehicles.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN ENAMELLING WATER COLOR OR OIL PHOTOGRAPHS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Robey at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April 1883.
GEORGE ROBEY, of 5 Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex-" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ENAMELLING WATER COLOR OR OIL PHOTOGRAPHS
My Invention has for its object a new or improved process of enamelling water
color or oil photographs.
The process is as follows:-
A polished glass plate is first prepared with powdered talc and then coated with
collodion and allowed to dry, this being effected the plate is then immersed in cold
water
The print is saturated in a solution of gelatine and chrome alum and brought
into connection with the collodion on the glass plate and then allowed to dry, after
which the paper on the back of the photograph is removed by means of powdered
pomice-The whole is then coated with castor oil which has the effect of making it
perfectly transparent and finally the whole is coated with benzole in order to
remove the grease and color applied to it
The photograph is then stripped from the glass and mounted in the usual way,
the result being a beautifully enamelled surface. This improved mode of enamelling
has a great advantage over the present method of Cristoleum, in as much as it
entirely does away with the glass front
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EXPLOSIVES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Alfred Barlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th December 1883. Communicated
to me from abroad by Adrien Gacon of Paris in the Republic of France,
WALTER ALFRED BARLOW Patent Agent and Engineer of 6 St Paul's Churchyard
in the City of London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EXPLOSIVES,"
communicated to me from abroad by Adrien Gacon of Paris in the Republic of
France,
This invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of explosives
and in carrying the invention into practice I proceed as follows:-
I take 69 parts (Kilogrammes) of powdered Nitrate of Potash and intimately
mix the same with 19 parts (Kilogrammes) of flour of sulphur to which is to be
added 12 parts (Kilogrammes) of powdered ashes those giving a greater percentage
of soda or of potash being the best for the purpose. These ashes are more
particularly to be obtained by burning dead leaves.
After thoroughly mixing these, there is introduced into the mixture one fifth
part (200 grammes) of tannin dissolved in about 14.08 pints (8 litres) of water
and the same is triturated before being allowed to dry. It is well to prepare
the solution of tannin about twenty four hours in advance of the time for use.
The process which I prefer for obtaining the solution of tannin consists in
making a decoction from wood containing this substance and for this wood select
chestnut, mangrove or oak these woods being so rich in tannin and further in the
decoction giving over amylaceous matters and resins which improve the product.
In this combination of the divers constituents I may replace some of the bodies
by others of the same nature and which have an equivalent composition :―Thus
the nitrate of potash may be replaced by nitrate of soda, the tannin by Sumac.
Further one of the elements may be suppressed for example the solution of tannin
if it be desired to obtain a product less forcibly rending.
Further the proportions given may be slightly varied but that will always be at
the expense of the quality of the product but the combination given I have found
best in practice.
The invention is based upon the employment of the ashes which in presence of
certain bodies gives surprising results and these effects are further augmented by
the solution of tannin both of which are novel applications and produce a new
explosive compound
IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC SIGNALS FOR RAILWAYS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ladislas Piskorski at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1883.
LADISLAS PISKORSKI, of 6 Colville Place, Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC
SIGNALS FOR RAILWAYS"
'
My Invention consists of an arrangement by which whenever two Engines
approach each other, either on the same lines of rails or on lines which converge
and unite, or cross each other, a bell on each of the Engines so approaching will be
set ringing, and will continue to ring until one of the two Engines has passed
away.
I divide the line into sections in such manner that any two trains approaching
any junction or crossing, or approaching each other on the same rails, within a
previously determined distance, or otherwise so as to interfere with each other, shall
be on the same Electric Section, and I insulate the rails of each Section and
separate them from those of the adjacent Sections.
I place on each Engine a Battery and an Electric Bell, and lead wires therefrom
to form connections with the rails, and I make use, either of the wheels of the
Engine to form the connection, or other special apparatus for the same purpose.
On a second train entering on any Section on which there is already one train,
or, on two trains entering any one Section simultaneously, a circuit is established
and an electric current set in motion from the batteries on each of the Engines
through the bell apparatus, thence through the rails, to the bell on the other
Engine, and thus the bells on both Engines are set ringing.
The driver of the Engines on which the bells have so been set ringing will then
slacken speed and draw up within a fixed distance of the Junction or other
point, and one of the trains will wait there until the other of them has passed off
that Section of the line, when the bell on the Engine of the waiting train will
cease to ring, and the driver thereof will proceed on his way.
In carrying out my Invention I provide suitable arrangements to meet the
requirements of complicated Junctions and Stations, for insulating the rails, for
separating them into Sections, and for insulating the wheels on one side of the
train or as may be necessary for the purpose of my invention.
I also provide each Engine with a vertical rod and foot piece for the purpose of
making the connection by means of levers placed by the side of the rails in certain
cases.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENERS FOR FIBROUS, LEATHER, INDIA RUBBER AND OTHER DRIVING BELTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Leopold Kirlew at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1883.
RICHARD LEOPOLD KIRLEW, of Manchester in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENERS FOR FIBROUS, LEATHER, INDIA RUBBER AND OTHER
DRIVING BELTS."
This invention relates to the construction of a Fastener especially useful for
cotton, linen or other fibrous belting and applicable also as a fastener for leather
india rubber and other belting.
In performing my invention I employ by preference a hardened copper stud
with a large head either round or flat on the outside and instead of having to make
or punch a hole through the belting for the insertion of the shank as hitherto
practised in riveting belting together and which especially in the case of fibrous
belting by taking out a piece bodily tends to destroy the fibre. and to weaken the
belt I form a point at the end of the stud and thus am enabled to drive the same
by a hammer completly through the two thicknesses of belting to be joined
together which serves to keep the two ends in position until the washers (which
washers are also formed of copper and correspond in form with the heads of the
studs) are placed over the points of the studs and the same are rivetted over.
this manner I am enabled to construct an efficient fastener possessing considerable
facility of manipulation and which when made of hardened copper are strong and
durable and are not injured by exposure to steam or other vapour or by use in
damp situations
In
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF PREPARING STEEL FOR WATCH AND OTHER SPRINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest de Pass at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd February 1883. Communicated to
me from abroad by Arvid Henry Elliott, of the City of New York, in the
United States of America, Gentleman
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68 Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, AN IMPROVED
PROCESS OF PREPARING STEEL FOR WATCH AND OTHER SPRINGS, Communicated
to me from abroad by Arvid Henry Elliott, of the City of New York, in the United
States of America, Gentleman,
This Invention relates to an improved process of preparing wire or flat strips of
steel for watch, eyeglass, and other springs, and the said process consists first in
preparing partially hardened and tempered steel by polishing the same when of a
size several degrees larger in cross-section than it is required to be when finished,
then reducing it to the proper finish size by rolling, hammering, or otherwise, and
polishing it, and afterwards tempering and colouring the same by first exposing it
to sufficient beat to obtain the required colour, and immersing it in a cooling or
tempering bath of ether or ammonia for the purpose of imparting to the spring a
great degree of strength and elasticity, and at the same time giving to the metal
the required colour, which may vary from light straw to a dark blue.
This process may be employed for preparing steel for other purposes than those
herein mentioned, and for preparing metal having different shapes in cross section,
without departing from the nature or principle of the invention.
A NEW OR IMPROVED THREAD-WINDING ATTACHMENT FOR SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th June 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Anatole Tabour-Moisson, of Paris, France,
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "A NEW OR IMPROVED
THREAD-WINDING ATTACHMENT FOR SEWING MACHINES," a communication to mo
from abroad by Anatole Tabo [u]r-Moisson, of Paris, France,
This invention bas for its object to automatically wind the thread on the bobbins.
intended for the shuttles of sewing machines.
For this purpose I screw a horizontal rod to the iron baseplate or table of a
sewing machine, which rod projects over the said table and carries a boss which
forms a guide or bearing for a vertical post made vertically adjustable in the said
boss by a set-screw. The said post terminates at the top in a horizontal sleevo
enclosing a coiled spring acting on a slide or spindle. The said spindle projects
over the inner side of the sleeve and serves to hold one extremity of a bobbin or
spindle placed with its other end against the centre of the fly-wheel or hand-wheel
of the driving shaft. To the vertical post is secured, so as to be vertically
adjustable along the same, a horizontal thread-guide made straight at its base and
curved into a semi-circle towards its free end, which is slightly bent upward.
The table has an eyelet opposite the centre of the bobbin, through which eyelet
the thread unwound from a supply-spool. is led before it passes over the thread
guide (which is provided with a notch) to the bobbin or spindle on which it is to
be wound.
The core or spindle of the bobbin has two flanges of unequal diameter and is
pointed at both ends. If used with a curved thread guide as described, the inain
portion of the spindle is cylindrical; if used without the thread guide, it is made.
thinner in the centre than towards the flanges.
IMPROVEMENTS IN, SHRAPNELS OR CASE-SHOT
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th August 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Captain Kurt Fronhöfer, of Prenzlau, in the German
Empire.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
SHRAPNELS OR CASE-SHOT," a communication to me from abroad by Captain
Kurt Fronhöfer, of Prenzlau, in the German Empire,
This invention relates to shrapnels or case shot and is chiefly applicable to
shrapnels for heavy ordnance, but may also be applied. to similar projectiles used
for field guns.
The shell of the improved projectile comprises an inner metal case, or the
projectile proper, the outer surface of which is screwthreaded inversely to the
rifling of the gun, and with a pitch depending on the twist of the rifling.
The inner case is provided at its open end with a slightly conical rim adapted
to receive a cylindrical cap of sheet inetal which is loosely fitted to the same and
secured by lead rivets.
The inner case and the cap are both filled with balls or grenades which latter are
ignited by suitable means.
This leaden
The inner case is enclosed by a leaden jacket cast round the same.
jacket may be strengthened by means of a sheet metal casing completely embedded
into the lead. and provided with a series of perforations permitting the molten lead
to pass when the outer case is cast on.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CIGARS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1883. A communication from
Messrs. Kaufmann and Company of Mannheim in the Empire of Germany
FRANK WIRTH of the firm of Wirth and Company Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany "IMPROVEMENTS IN CIGARS,"
a communication from Messrs. Kaufmann and Company of Mannheim in the
Empire of Germany
"
This invention has for its object to render the use of a separate cigar-holder or
mouth piece for cigars unnecessary and to ensure greater cleanliness.
For this purpose a thin tube of wood or other suitable material is inserted into
the front end of the cigar before the latter is finished, and the outer tobacco-leaf or
cover is wrapped around the tube, so as to firmly connect the latter with the cigar,
the necessary adhesion between the tube and the wrapper being obtained by means
of gum or any other suitable binding material.
AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL TOY OR APPARATUS FOR PLAYING A GAME.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Borham at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th May 1883,
THOMAS BORHAM of N° 110 Golborne Road, North Kensington, London; in the
County of Middlesex AN IMPROVED MECHANICAL TOY OR APPARATUS FOR
PLAYING A GAME.
The Model Race Course Game consists of an octagonal, circular, or other shaped
box which I usually support on four or more legs. The top represents an imitation
Race Course in cavities on which model horses (or other animals or characters)
revolve. Each horse is worked by a separate handle or disc, On the spindle with
which the disc is connected is a reel on which catgut is wound and thence guided on
to two small brass wheels (fastened to side of box or otherwise) one on the left and
right of the reel before mentioned. That on the left is connected to a slide which
can be adjusted to tighten the catgut, From the small wheels in question the catgut
runs on to a large grooved wheel.
In the centre of the box is a spindle fixed inside several sets of tubing, which
latter are likewise fitted inside each other so that each may revolve independently.
The tubes are connected at their lower ends to the large grooved wheels before
mentioned. At the top ends of the tubing levers are fixed, attached to which are
Elbows supporting the horses or other animals or characters. before referred to.
OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING SUNKEN VESSELS OR OTHER SUBMERGED STRUCTURES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Pearson Wylie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1883.
ss
ROBERT PEARSON WYLIE, of London, in the County of Middlesex, but at
present residing in Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
NEW OR
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING SUNKEN VESSELS OR OTHER SUBMERGED
STRUCTURES,"
This Invention, which relates to new or improved apparatus for raising sunken
vessels or other submerged structures, consists of one or more lines of pipe which
are attached to an air pump, and on which lines of pipe there are situated at any
desired intervals and at any required positions, elastic or compressible receivers.-
When it is required to raise a sunken ship one or more lines of these pipes so
provided with these receivers is or are lowered into the water and passed to the
interior of the ship. When placed in position at the interior of the ship, air is
forced by means of the air pump through the main tube or main tubes and such
air escaping thence into the several receivers causes them to expand until a
sufficient amount of water is displaced when the sunken ship floats. The pipe or
pipes as well as the receivers are made of the requisite strength for the purposes of
this invention and may be guarded by netting.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN COVERS OR CASES FOR CONTAINING OR ENVELOPING ARTICLES OR GOODS FOR TRANSMISSION BY POST OR RAIL
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Hertz at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1883.
JACOB HERTZ of Fenchurch Street in the City of London, Merchant.
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COVERS OR CASES FOR CONTAINING OR ENVELOPING ARTICLES OR GOODS
FOR TRANSMISSION BY POST OR RAIL
وو
This Invention has for its object improvements in the covering of, or means for
containing articles or goods for transmission through the post or by rail and
consists of a covering of a rectangular or other convenient shape with slits at each
side which overlap the box boxes or goods to be contained after these have been
overlapped the ends of the width of the box are turned over and by means of
suitable holes are laced together and the ends thereof clamped or sealed to prevent
the opening of the package without being detected.
It will be obvious that other means may be employed for securing the over-
lapping portion.
The cover may be of paper or canvas or paper covered with canvas or other
material such as a waterproof or asbestos substance or vulcanized fibre. Or the
covering may be of thin metal or wood so constructed as to be capable of being
folded in the manner as before described.
Instead of this covering being in one piece it may be in two or more parts and
laced hinged or otherwise connected together.
Covers may be made of paper or canvas in the form of an envelope for containing
goods or articles but their edges are turned in so that when the goods or articles
are inserted they will expand to receive same or collapse when not in use.
The said packages are secured by overlapping the end or ends and forming an
eyelet or eyelets to allow the same to be laced and fastened or the ends may be
clamped by any suitable means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WINDING AND REELING YARNS OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lewis Haslam and Cornelius
Marshall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd November
1883.
LEWIS HASLAM, Manufacturer; and CORNELIUS MARSHALL, Manager; both of
Bolton in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
WINDING AND REELING YARNS OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
33
Our invention is applicable for clearing yarn and other fibrous materials of
snicks, uneven threads, soft ends, fluff, and other imperfections during the operation
of winding the same on bobbins, or reeling into banks, or otherwise.
Our improved apparatus consists of a snick plate cut diagonally at the bottom of
the slits; in the front of which are arranged catches or levers of suitable shape
as to form with the plate, eyes, through which the yarn is drawn in the process of
being wound.
By means of this arrangement we dispense with the ordinary guide rods fixed
behind the snick plate; and by placing the top clearer brush at the flannel board,
the liability of "fluff" gathering is considerably reduced, which by the application
of our improvements is entirely prevented from passing on to the bobbins or hanks
on which the yarn or other fibrous materials are being wound.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND IN ALLOYS TO BE USED IN SAID MANUFACTURE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Armitage at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February 1883.
ARTHUR ARMITAGE of Sheffield in the County of York IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND IN ALLOYS TO BE USED IN SAID MANUFACTURE
This Invention relates to the manufacture of steel as also to the production and
application of certain alloys hereinafter described by the use of which the steel is
made to possess the apparently paradoxical properties of increased hardness
toughness and ductility This desirable end is attained by the introduction of
from 0.1 to 20 per cent of Chromium into the molten metal either in the form
which I call "Manganiferous Chromeisen " or in the form of "Chrome-Spiegel"
or in both such forms the name given being dependant upon the quantity of silicon
and graphite contained in the alloy which in either case is to contain in addition to
the usual proportions of the constituents of spiegel 1 to 10 per cent of chromium
These alloys may be obtained by smelting in the blast furnace mixtures of man-
ganiferous iron ores and chrome iron ores together with lime and alumina
compounds so as to produce a highly basic slag and thus prevent loss of
chromium An excess of manganese being also used to prevent the chromium
Blagging out
If the product be manganiferous Chromeisen that is, an alloy containing a
certain per centage of silicon and graphite the said alloy is mixed with the requisite
proportions of pig iron and subsequently melted therewith and the molten mixture
converted into steel in the ordinary manner. The manganese present in the metal
it is anticipated will prevent partially or totally the oxidation of the chromium
during the conversion of the metal into steel
If the alloy obtained is Chrome Spiegel, that is, should it contain such small
proportions of silicon and graphite as will render it uninjurious if added directly to
the metal when in its molten state in the Converter furnace or ladle then the alloy
may be used alone or mixed with ferro-manganese or spiegel either in the solid
state or run into the converter furnace or ladle after melting and whether or not
chromium has already been introduced into the metal by the use of manganiferous
Chromeisen or otherwise, by this process oxidation will be avoided and the whole
or greater portion of the total chromium contained in the chrome spiegel will be
found in the steel
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCENDING TOWERS, SPIRES, CHIMNEY SHAFIS OR LIKE STRUCTURES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cecil Henry Fitzmaurice at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st October 1883.
CECIL HENRY FITZMAURICE of Great George Street Westminster in the County
of Middlesex "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ASCENDING TOWERS, SPIRES,
CHIMNEY SHAFIS OR LIKE STRUCTURES
"
My invention relates to apparatus for ascending towers, spires, chimney shafts or
like structures which stand up separate from other buildings, for purposes of repair
or for fixing on the structures lightning conductors or other objects. I mount in a
framing two, three or four horizontal shafts which are geared together so that they
revolve in opposite directions, one of these shafts being on each side of the
structure to be ascended, and their bearings being arranged on the framing to slide
nearer to or farther from one another. On each shaft 1 fix two or more wheels or
rollers having elastic tyres of caoutchouc or other suitable material, or in some cases
I make the wheels with sharp projecting spikes. The bearings of the shafts being
pressed towards each other by springs or otherwise, the tyres of the wheels or
rollers are caused to bear firmly against the faces of the structure, and by causing
the shafts to revolve, the whole framing is made to ascend or descend as the case
inay be. The shafts may be male to revolve either by workmen on the framing
or by rope wheels worked by a rope from below, and the framing may be furnished
with tackle worked from below for tightening the pressure of its wheels or rollers
against the structure, so as to hold it firmly in position for the reception of
workinen who can then ascend to it by ladders or otherwise.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN HANSOM CABS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lawrence Engel at the Office of the
Commissioners, of Patents on the 25th July 1883.
LAWRENCE ENGEL Mumford Court Milk St in the City of London IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HANSOM CABS
The object of my Invention is to improve the Hansom Cab by doing away with
the sliding window in front of Cab.
To keep off the Rain & to serve when required as a Sun blind, I affix on outside
of Cab a moveable Curtain or Blind with top & sides, somewhat after the shape of
Hood used for Perambulators. This Hood is capable of being lowered or raised by
the Driver. One side of the Hood is secured to the top & sides of the Cab the
other is firmly attached to a frame of Iron Cane or other material, which frame &
blind when not in use for protection rest on top & sides of Cab
The blind works on Two Pivots secured by Nut Joints or other means to sides
of Cab.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF LOCKING THE SCREW NUTS AND BOLTS OF RAILWAY FISH-PLATES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Townley Johnson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1883.
TOWNLEY JOHNSON of Stoke Newington in the County of Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF LOCKING THE SCREW NUTS AND BOLTS OF
RAILWAY FISH-PLATES
"
This invention has for its object improvements in the method of locking the
screw nuts and bolts of railway fish-plates in order to prevent the .screw nuts
from getting loose from the effects of vibration caused by trains passing over
the rails.
For this purpose in carrying out my invention I form the screw nut with a
groove or set off on the side of the nut which comes against the fish-plate. This
groove or set off may be formed on one two or more of the edges of the screw nut
so that when the nut is screwed up a groove is formed by the set off one side of
the groove being the surface of the fish-plate.
When the series of bolts and nuts are screwed up into position I pass a locking
plate slightly thinner than the width of the groove and having a series of openings
therein corresponding with the heads of the screw nuts. This plate is passed over
the heads of the nuts and when pressed up against the face of the fish plate the
edge of the locking plate drops into the groove formed by the set off on the nuts
and thus acts as a locking plate to the whole series of screw nuts.
The locking plate in place of having openings to correspond with the heads of
the nuts may be formed with openings and projections on one edge only to pass
over the nuts and act as a locking plate similar to that previously described.
The locking plate may be formed in two parts hinged together or otherwise
Or a separate locking plate may be applied to each pair of screw nuts.
The edge of the set off upon the nuts may be bevilled off to allow the locking
plate to fall back in case it should jump or be jerked out of position by vibration
from passing trains.
Provision is made in the locking plate to admit of the expansion and contraction
of the rails.
In place of forming the groove by a set off as previously described I may form a
rib or projections upon the inner edge of the screw nut and form the locking plate
with corresponding openings to pass over and fall behind such ribs or projections
so as to act as a locking plate in like manner to those previously described
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE ENTRANCE OF WIND, RAIN, OR DUST UNDER DOORS, FRENCH OR OTHER HINGED WINDOWS AND THE LIKE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Bryc. Gibson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th March 1883.
DAVID BRYC. GIBSON of Manchester in the County of Lancaster. Joiner.
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE ENTRANCE
OF WIND, RAIN, OR DUST UNDER DOORS, FRENCH OR OTHER HINGED WINDOWS
AND THE LIKE
"
The object of my Invention is to close the space between doors or French
windows and the floor or lower part of the frame thus excluding wind rain or
dust and preventing draughts.
In applying my Invention to a door I make use of a weather board, formed
preferably of metal and laid in a box or shallow channel in the floor, the box or
channel being about as long as the door is wide: the weather board may be
provided with a short projecting pivot at each end upon which it turns: these
pivots rest in holes or grooves formed in the edges of the box or in other suitable
bearing. On the upper surface of the weather board and at the end farthest from
the hinges of the door, a small projection or stud is secured: the corner of the door
may be recessed and a small piece of metal inserted to form a striking surface for
the projecting stud.
When the door is open, or partly open, the weather board remains level with the
floor. On closing the door, the striking plate comes in contact with the pro-
jecting stud which causes the weather board to turn on its pivots and close
effectually the space between the door and the floor.
In some cases it may be desirable to secure a piece of india-rubber or other
suitable material to that part of the door which the weather board touches in order
to more effectually exclude draughts.
The weather board is made so that one edge rests against a rib in the box when
it is raised thus preventing the draught passing under or through the box or
channel.
The stud on the surface of the weather board may be removed in which case
the weather board would remain stationary and level with the floor.
My invention may be applied to all kinds of hinged doors and windows and to
the sides and top as well as to the bottom.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR SECURING TYRES TO LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER WHEELS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Spence at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1883. Communicated to him
from abroad by Arthur Cardwell Brown and R. Lindsley, persons residing at
Alicedale, South Africa
JAMES SPENCE of Walbrook in the City of London, Iron Merchant " IMPROVED
MEANS FOR SECURING TYRES TO LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER WHEELS."-[Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Arthur Cardwell Brown and R. Lindsley, persons
residing at Alicedale, South Africa]
The object of this invention is to provide simple and efficient means for fastening
tyres on locomotive and other wheels, and is more especially intended to prevent
accident arising from the tyres becoming slack and shifting sideways or slipping
laterally from the wheels.
To this end it is proposed to apply a continuous key between the rim and tyre
of the wheel in such a manner as to securely lock the tyre to the rim and
entirely prevent its lateral displacement in the event of its becoming slightly
slack.
This may be effected by forming in the outer face of the rim a continuous groove,
rectangular in cross section, and in the inner face of the tyre a corresponding
groove also rectangular in cross section but of say one-half the depth of the groove
in the rim.
A cut ring of iron or steel similar to a piston ring and of a thickness about
equal to the depth of the groove in the rim is sprung or fitted into that groove,
its outer surface lying flush with, or slightly within, the periphery of the rim, and
the tyre is then slipped over the rim and shrunk on in the ordinary manner.
When the parts are in their proper position the side walls of the two grooves
will exactly correspond. The cut ring is then expanded by means of screw bolts
of case-hardened iron or steel, inserted radially through the rim, and being thrust
outwards is caused to enter and fill the groove in the tyre.
As the depth of this groove is about one-half the thickness of the ring the latter
when fully expanded lies also for about one-half its thickness within the groove in
the rim, thus forming a continuous key between the rim and tyre and preventing
all possibility of their lateral displacement.

page_text: To prevent the tyre skidding on the rim the above arrangement of continuous
expansible key may be supplemented by the use of bolts or other means.
This novel method of securing tyres on wheels is more economical and efficient
than the methods at present in vogue,
When necessary the screw bolts or studs can be slackened and the continuous
key ring will then contract and lie closely within the groove in the rim thereby
enabling the tyre to be removed in the usual manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOT AND
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Foster at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1883.
JAMES FOSTER of Kettering, Northamptonshire
SHOE TIPS,"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOT AND
The improvements refer to tips intended for the heels of boots and shoes, and
said improvements consist in making such tips of metal bevelled, or wedge shape,
in cross section, as to give the inner edge of such tips a higher or thicker part than
the outside edge-also in making such improved tips hollow thus ensuring the
following advantages: The improved tip does not require a knife made specially
to cut the leather filling as the ordinary knives in common use will fit, the filling
being the shape of a smaller heel, which gives it a neat appearance. The inside
edge being the highest enables the whole of the tip to be finished off with the
filling which cannot be done with a tip thinnest on the inside edge without filing
the outside edge down thus saving a great amount of labour and adding a neat
finish to the heel. The improved tip by being made hollow and having a rim
on the underside enables a portion of the metal to be taken from where it is least
wanted also makes the tip lighter for the wearer-being hollow underneath the
tip grips more tightly to the leather and prevents it from clicking or getting loose
which is always the case with a tip that has a flat bottom.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Foster in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th August
1883.
JAMES FOSTER of Kettering, Northamptonshire
SHOE TIPS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOT AND
The improvements refer to tips intended for the heels of boots and shoes, and
said improvements consist in making such tips bevelled, or wedge shape, in cross
section, as to give the inner edge of such tips & higher or thicker part than the
outside edge also in making such improved tips or tips generally hollow or with
a rim or rims thus ensuring the following advantages: The improved tip does not
require a knife made specially to cut the leather filling as the ordinary knives in
common use will fit, the filling being the shape of a smaller heel, which gives it
a neat appearance. The inside edge being the highest enables the whole of the tip
to be finished off with the filling which cannot be done with a tip thinnest on the
inside edge without filing the outside edge down thus saving a great amount of
labour and adding a neat finish to the heel. The improved tip by being made
hollow and having a rim on the underside enables a portion of the metal to
be taken from where it is least wanted-also makes the tip lighter for the wearer-
being hollow underneath the tip grips more tightly to the leather and prevents it
from clicking or getting loose which is always the case with a tip that has a flat
bottom.
In the drawing annexed Fig 1 shows plan and elevation of %% tip, Fig 2 same
fitted to a heel, Fig 3 shows a full tip. The tips may be made of any convenient
material.
In witness whereof I the said James Foster have hereunto set my hand and
seal this 10th day of August A.D. 1883.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF PRESERVING ANIMAL LIVERS FOR FOOD
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melvillo Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1888. Coin-
municated to him from abroad by Isabelle Le Roux de Bretagne, of Paris,
France
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M. and W. Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents,
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF PRESERVING ANIMAL LIVERS FOR FOOD [Com-
municated to him from abroad by Isabelle Le Roux de Bretagne, of Paris, France]
"
This Invention relates to an improved process for the preservation and con-
servation of the livers of the ox, cow, calf, sheep and pig. The process consists
essentially in first cleansing the liver of all bilious or offensive liquids contained
in the chaunels of the liver, this cleansing operation being performed by submitting
each piece of liver to a process of compression and by the contact with the liver of
bay salt for a period of several hours. The lever is then submitted to a complete
salting after which it is dried in the heat and put up in cases which may or may
not be hermetically sealed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS OR VESSELS AND IN APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR UTILISING THE RESISTANCE OF DISPLACEMENT
Year: 1883

page_text: +
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Raphael Hunter Brandon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1883. Commu-
nicated to him from Emanuel Lavarenne, Engineer of Paris France.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of No 1 rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of
France, Engineer and patent Agent, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
SHIPS OR VESSELS AND IN APPARATUS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH FOR UTILISING
THE RESISTANCE OF DISPLACEMENT," A communication from Emanuel Lavarenne,
Engineer of Paris France.
One of the main objects of these improvements is to make use of the pressure of
the water against the bows of a ship, as a motive power to assist the ship in its
progressive motion or advance; for this purpose the bows of a ship are hollow, that
is, contain cavities in which I place one or more upright wheels provided with
vanes or boards like a water wheel one half of which vanes is protected by plates
or otherwise against the head water, whilst the other half is exposed to the action
of the water and thereby caused to rotate at a speed proportionate to that of the
advance of the ship and this rotary motion of this wheel or wheels is made available
for driving propellers or paddle wheels situated in any appropriate part of the ship,
and further, in order to reap all possible advantage from the pressure of the water
against the wheel and wheels thus located in the bows of the ship, I prefer tapering
slightly the hull of the ship from close behind where this wheel or wheels are
situated in the direction of the stem, thus the beam of such ship is to be widest at
the part immediately following the place where the wheel or wheels are located.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BARREL OR TOWER BOLTS AND BOLTS OF A SIMILAR CHARACTER PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE BOLTS OF LOCKS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Davison at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th September 1883.
WILLIAM DAVISON of Gracechurch Buildings Gracechurch Street in the City of
London "IMPROVEMENTS IN BARREL OR TOWER BOLTS AND BOLTS OF A SIMILAR
CHARACTER PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE BOLTS
OF LOCKS
"
In barrel or tower bolts as at present manufactured it frequently happens that
there is a great difficulty in operating the same especially after they have been
fitted for some time on account of the end of the bolt catching against the staple
and supposing the bolt to be fitted to a door such door must be lifted or pushed in
order to operate the bolt.
Now according to this Invention in order to obviate the above objection I form
the end of the bolt conical or of taper or other similar forin so that upon the bolt
being pushed the end thereof must force itself into the staple or socket. I also
propose in combination with the above (for a better class of lock) to fix a spiral or
other suitable spring at the back or other convenient part of the said bolt so that
it will be operated automatically when the pin is turned and the handle released
on account of the taper form of the bolt pin as aforesaid.
That part relating to the taper ended bolt is applicable to the bolts of locks as it
would greatly facilitate the locking of doors.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING, HOT-WATERING AND SOAPING FABRICS IN CALICO-PRINTING AND DYEING OPERATIONS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Dennis Haworth and William Hanson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1883.
"
DENNIS HAWORTH and WILLIAM HANSON both of Mottram in the County of
Chester IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANSING, HOT-WATERING AND
SOAPING FABRICS IN CALICO-PRINTING AND DYEING OPERATIONS.'
"
The object of this invention is the construction of a machine for assisting in the
operation of cleansing hot-watering and soaping fabrics and consists in mounting a
series of loose turning spring rubbers or rollers around the periphery of a larger
roller which as such roller revolves strike the surface of the fabric passing it in
such a manner and with a softness of touch as to assist in the cleansing, hot-
watering and soaping operation without injuring the surface of the fabric or affecting
the most delicete dyes or colors.
These rubbers or rollers are mounted loosely upon spindles which are supported
at either end in volute or other suitable springs which yield or vibrate as the
rubbers or rollers gently strike the cloth. This method of mounting the rubbers or
rollers affords facilities for removing and substituting a fresh and clean rubber or
roller from time to time as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECONDARY OR STORAGE BATTERIES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Woodward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd December 1883.
HENRY WOODWARD, of Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, Electrician,
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECONDARY OR STORAGE BATTERIES,
My invention relates to improvements in secondary or storage batteries, and it
consists in so constructing the same that, I dispense with the use of all perishable
materials now employed in the construction of these batteries, such as felt, asbestos,
cloth, flannel, and the like.
By means of my invention about to be described, I obtain simplicity of
construction, quick formation, large capacity, low resistance and great durability.
In constructing my improved secondary or storage battery, according to one
arrangement, I take lead tubes, of any suitable size, and I introduce and ram therein
litharge peroxide, acetate of lead, or other suitable salt of lead. I then cut up
these tubes into convenient lengths, for arrangement within a cell. This cell is
formed with apertures or recesses for the reception and maintenance of the said
tubes, and these tubes are, by preference, roughened on their outer surface so as to
be more quickly acted upon by the acid within the cell.
The tubes having been cut into the lengths required, and charged with the
material, are set aside to allow the material to dry; they are then pierced with a
number of holes to permit the acid and the electric current to act upon the material
enclosed.
The tubes after being charged, and the material dried may, in some cases, be
subjected to pressure to flatten them, and a number of these flattened tubes may
be arranged together so as to constitute a plate.
In another arrangement, I take leaden plates or sheets and form therein grooves,
channels or depressions, and I then place two of these plates or sheets together in
such a manner that the grooves, channels or depressions correspond to each other,
thus forming, as it were, a plate having a series of tubes. Into these tubes Í
insert and ram the material and then pierce the plates for the purposes above set
forth. [With the tubes and plates so charged there is no danger of the material
becoming detached therefrom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR QUICKLY REDUCING THE SPEED OF A SHIP WHEN UNDER WAY OR VEERING IT
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Barrow Tully at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1883.
"6
WILLIAM BARROW TULLY of Chowdean, in the Parish of Lamesley and County
of Durham IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR QUICKLY REDUCING THE SPEED OF
A SHIP WHEN UNDER WAY OR VEERING IT'
"
My Invention of Apparatus for quickly reducing the speed of a ship when under
way, or veering it, consists in the use of drag boards formed of iron, wood, or other
convenient material, which drag boards I form by preference in the shape of an
equilateral triangle with the corners rounded off and to which corners seperate
strands of a hawser or chain are attached so as to distribute the pull uniformly.-
I carry these drag boards, one in each quarter of the ship, the bottom edge on a
level with the covering board or otherwise, or I may carry them near the bridge,
but in all cases the hawser is made fast both to the drag board and the fore part
of the ship, so as to be ready for use at all times.
I construct releasing gear which can be worked seperately for each board or
together from the bridge of the ship, so as that if it be desired to veer quickly to
one side, as in a case of impending collision or for other causes, the board on that
side only may be released, but if it be desired to reduce the way of the ship, both
boards may be released.
I make the boards of considerable size in reference to the immersed midship
section of the ship, say for instance each having an area of 1/10th of that section.