IMPROVED TOOLS OR INSTRUMENTS FOR SPREADING GUM, PASTE, GLUE, OR MATERIALS AND LIQUIDS." OTHER UNITING
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emil August Thomson, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVED TOOLS OR
INSTRUMENTS FOR SPREADING GUM, PASTE, GLUE, OR
MATERIALS AND LIQUIDS."
OTHER UNITING
Scaled the 17th February 1874, and dated the 20th August 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emil August
Thomson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
. Petition, on the 20th August 1873.
I, EMIL AUGUST THOMSON, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED TOOLS OR INSTRUMENTS FOR SPREADING Gum, Paste, GLUE, OR OTHER
UNITING MATERIALS AND LIQUIDS," to be as follows:―
For covering the surfaces of the several substances to be united
together brushes of various forms are at present used notwithstanding
the certainty of their being clogged and hard when they are dry or not
in continuous use, and the object of my Invention is to obviate these
inconveniences and effect economy.
As substitutes for the various shaped brushės now in use I fix in
suitable handles picces of vulcanized india-rubber or caoutchouc of any

page_text: required shape; and it will be found that tools or spreaders so made do
not become hard and clogged when dry, and only require pinching with
the fingers and afterwards shaken to remove the superfluous matter and
be ready for immediate use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Emil August Thomson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EMIL
AUGUST THOMSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Emil August Thomson, Her special
license that I, the said Emil August Thomson, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Emil August
Thomson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"FOR IMPROVED TOOLS OR INSTRUMENTS FOR SPREADING Gum, PASTE, GLUE, OR
OTHER UNITING MATERIALS AND LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Emil August Thomson, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Emil August Thomson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and

page_text: by the following statement, reference being had to the Figures on the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the letters of reference marked
thereon (that is to say) :—
For covering the surfaces of the several substances to be united
together with gum, paste, glue, or other uniting materials brushes of
various forms and sizes have hitherto been employed, the spreading parts
being made of bristles, hair, or fibres. It is well known that these
brushes become hard and clogged unless they are cleaned immediately
after use or allowed to remain in the solution when gum, paste, or glue
is used, and the object of my Invention is to obviate these inconveniences
and effect economy.
As substitutes for the bristles, hair, or fibres in the various shaped
brushes I fix in suitable handles pieces of vulcanized india-rubber of any
required shape, and it will be found that tools or spreaders so made do
not become hard and clogged when dry after use as the elastic pieces of
india-rubber are simply covered with a thin film of dry matter which is
easily removed by pinching and shaking the tools, thereby rendering
them fit for use without loss of time.
For spreading water or liquids for damping or other purposes I also
use pieces of india-rubber, of any required shape, and place them in
suitable handles.
In all the Figures on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings the pieces
of india-rubber are marked a, and the upper parts of the handles or
holders 6; and in most cases I prefer to have the pieces of india-rubber
thicker at the top than at the bottom.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the piece a is first pressed into the lower part of a
round metal tube c, which is afterwards flattened, as at d, to prevent the
india-rubber from shifting, and the top part is attached to the handle b.
•
In Figs. 3 and 4 the top of the piece a is squeezed into a dovetail
slot e, formed in the lower end of the handle b, around which fine cord
or wire is afterwards wound to hold the india-rubber and handle firmly
together.
In Figs. 5 and 6 the india-rubber piece has at the upper part a deep
socket, into which is placed the lower end of the handle, the socket
and the end of the handle being either circular, square, or any other
shape, and when desired both the socket and handle are cemented or
rivetted together,

page_text: In the tool or instrument represented in Figs. 7 and 8 the part marked
fis either moulded or formed by tapering with a knife or cutter two
parts of a round piece of india-rubber, the upper part of which is forced
into a tube g, having fitted to it the handle b.
Figs. 9 and 10 are two views of a tool adapted for spreading liquids, 5
the upper part of a flat and tapered piece of india-rubber a being forced
into the bottom of a flattened metal case h, to the upper part of which
is fitted the handle 6, and in one or both sides of the part a there is a
number of corrugations.
Fig. 11 represents another tool or spreader adapted for spreading 1
liquids or damping paper, the piece of india-rubber being plain or corru-
gated, and the greater portion of it encased in a strip or piece of flannel
or other absorbing material i.
In Fig. 12 I shew a modification of the tool represented in Figs. 3
and 4, there being in the lower part of the wooden handle a slot, into 1
which the top of the india-rubber piece a is forced, and afterwards kept
in its place by a ring or tube & encasing the lower part of the handle.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim, the improved tools or instruments for spreading gum, 2
paste, glue, and other uniting materials and liquids as herein described,
and illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Emil August Thomson, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy- 2
four.
EMIL AUGUST THOMSON. (L.S.).
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the above named Emil August
Thomson, in the presence of
CHA. W. COLLINS.