IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS
Year: 1885

page_text: I EDWARD GRAHAM WOOD, of Red Bank, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS, to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of ventilators for
buildings, soil pipes, and drains, the chief object of my improvements being to
entirely prevent any down draught through the ventilator into the room, workshop,
building, or other structure.
To effect this I prefer to cover the top of the tubo or ventilating shaft with wire
gauze as usual; around the top of the tube or shaft is fixed the body of the
ventilator which has a louvre opening or inlet for air just above the top of the
tube; the different slabs or shutters of this louvre opening are divided by strips of
metal preferably placed so as to form curved or helical passages for the air.
Above the louvre opening the body of the ventilator is first enlarged and then
contracted leaving an opening at the top above which is placed a disc or deflector
which is rather larger than the opening and is preferably convex on the upper
surface. Above the disc or deflector is fixed a cap or cowl the lower portion of
which stands slightly above the largest diameter of the body of the ventilator, and
the upper portion of which, above the deflector, is also open to the atmosphere.
My improved ventilators may be used either with or without the well known
Tobin's tubes.
;

page_text: Improvements in Ventilators.
I EDWARD GRAHAM WOOD, of Red Bank, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Ventilating Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained'in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of ventilators for
drawing the air out of buildings, soil pipes, and drains, the chief object of my
Improvements being to entirely prevent any down draught through the ventilator
into the room, workshop, building, or other structure.
To effect this I prefer to cover the top of the tube or ventilating shaft with wire
gauze as usual; around the top of the tube or shaft is fixed the body of the
ventilator which has a louvre opening or inlet for air just above the top of the
tube; the different slabs or shutters of this louvre opening are divided by strips of
metal preferably placed so as to form curved or helical passages for the air.
Above the louvre opening the body of the ventilator is first enlarged and then
contracted leaving an opening at the top above which is placed a disc or deflector
which is rather larger than the opening and is preferably convex on the upper
surface. Above the disc or deflector is fixed a cap or cowl the lower portion of
which stands slightly above the largest diameter of the body of the ventilator, and
the upper portion of which above the deflector is also open to the atmosphere.
My improved ventilators may be used either with or without the well known
Tobin's tubes.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had
to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an elevation, and Fig. 2 a sectional elevation of a ventilator
constructed according to my Invention and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on the line AB,
Fig. 2.
In these views.-a is the tube or ventilating shaft the top of which may be
covered with wire gauze b (as shown in Fig. 2) although this is not necessary.
Around the top of the shaft a is fixed the body or frame c of the ventilator. The
slabs or shutters of the louvre opening or air inlet are marked d and these slabs d
are kept at the proper distance apart and connected together. by the strips of
metal which are so placed as to form curved passages for the air as best shown
in Fig. 3. Above the louvre opening. the body c of the ventilator gradually
increases in size up to the point c¹ and then diminishes again leaving an opening
at the top to which is secured by metal strips e¹ a concavo-convex metal disc or
deflector e, and above this deflector e is the cap or cowl f secured by metal strips f¹
to the body c.
The cowlf is fixed some distance above the largest point c¹ of the
body c and is open to the atmosphere at the top.
By constructing ventilators in the manner herein described and as illustrated by
the accompanying Drawings there is absolutely no down draught through the tube
or ventilating shaft a, but on the contrary the action of the wind whether entering
the body of the ventilator through the louvre inlet or between the cowl and the

page_text: point c or at the top of the cowl always creates or tends to create an upward
current in the shaft (if a shaft be employed) and thus ensures a strong up current
of air from the structure to which it is applied.
The ventilator may be constructed of metal, wood, terra-cotta, or any other
suitable material and the shape and proportions of the ventilator may be varied as
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction, combination, and arrangement of parts forming my
improved ventilator, substantially as herein set forth for the purposes specified.
2. In a ventilator, the combination with the body c provided with a louvre
inlet, substantially as herein set forth, of the concavo-convex deflector e, (or its
equivalent) and the cowl f, substantially as herein set forth.
3.-The combination with the body of a ventilator, such as the body c, of the
louvre opening or inlet having curved or helical passages for the air, substantially
as herein described and as shown by the Drawings annexed.