Improvements in Nail Making Machinery.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June. 1892-Accepted. 20th Aug., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nail Making Machinery.
A communication from abroad by JAMES WILLSON BROOKS, of 108, Summer
Street, Boston, in the State of Massachusetts, one of the United States of
America, Gentleman.
I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane, in the County of
London, Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object to improve the construction of that class of nail
making machine shown in British Patent, No. 3822 dated March 5, 1889.
In the machine herein to be described the construction of the mechanical parts
has been so improved and simplified that the pointing and heading of the nails is
effected upon or between one and the same pair of rolls, and the same rolls into
which the offset blank is fed.
The nails are to be made from a wire fed intermittingly to the machine by feeding
devices shown as rolls, the said wire being cut off to form blanks of a length
sufficient for two nails, the blank being offset or bent at or near its centre, all
substantially as in the said Patent.
The invention herein to be described comprehends an organized machine for the
manufacture of nails, such machine containing two pairs of rotating die rolls having
grooves out of line, substantially as will be described, for the reception of a double
Blank offset between its ends; a transferrer made laterally movable toward and
from one of said die rolls to act on and move a blank laterally into the offset grooves.
of one of the said die rolls; means to retain the said blank in the grooves of said
die roll until the said blank has been carried opposite the co-operating offset
groove of the other of said die rolls point-forming dies or cutters to sever the
offset blank through its offset portion carriers for the said dies and heading tools
or devices set out of line and co-operating with the same pair of rolls to head the
nails in the grooves of said rolls, the said nails being out of line with each other
equal to the offset of the grooves, the parts being arranged to operate substantially
as will be described, whereby the nails are headed in the same grooves of the same
pair of die rolls in which they are pointed, as will be set forth.
Also in the use in a nail making machine of rotating die rolls having grooves out
of line for the reception of a double blank offset between its ends; a transferrer
made laterally movable toward and from one of said die rolls to act on and move a
blank laterally into the offset grooves of one of said die rolls; die-carriers and their
point-forming cutting dies; means to actuate the said carriers, and a nail-breaker
to separate the nails point from point while yet in the die grooves, in case the blank
should not be fully severed by the point-forming cutting dies.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of die rolls; bending devices to offset
the blank; a transferrer; a horizontally-sliding carriage to which the said
transferrer is adjustably attached guides for the said carriage; and means to
reciprocate the said carriage horizontally.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of die rolls, two carriers having point-
forming cutters, a carriage, its attached bender, and a lever having toothed portions
to actuate one of the said carriers and the said carriage, as will be described.
Also the use in a nail making machine, of an upper bender a carriage to which it
is attached, an under bender, a horizontally adjustable bed-bar, and means to hold
it in adjusted position, adjustment of the said bed-bar enabling the pressure to be
more or less upon the metal blank at the point where it is offset.
Also the use in a machine for making nails of two die rolls having offset grooves;

page_text: two gears to cause the rotation of said rolls in unison; two bender bars; a
ratchet wheel adjustably mounted on the shaft of one of said die rolls; and means
to move the said wheel intermittingly.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of two die rolls having offset grooves;
gears to cause the rotation of said die, rolls in unison; two benders; a ratchet
wheel adjustably mounted on the shaft of one of the die rolls; and a toothed wheel;
a pawl and a dog, and means to actuate the said pawl.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of wire feeding devices, a feeler to
bear on the wire, a shipper lever, a rod to which it is attached, friction pulleys, and
means actuated by the said rod to cause the said pulleys to be engaged when the
feeler bears on the wire, or to be disengaged in the absence of the wire.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of a feeler adapted to contact with
the wire, shipper mechanism controlled by said feeler, and a lever controlled as to its
position by the wire on its way to the feed rolls, whereby when the wire fails to be
delivered properly the said lever will be moved to disengage the feeler from contact
with the wire and stop the machine.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of a pair of sectional die rolls,
substantially as will be described, double point forming cutters, and their carriers,
means for actuating and connecting the said carriers, and means to adjust the said
actuating and connecting means independently, as will be described, whereby the
movement of the said carriers may be controlled with relation to the center of the
wire to be cut.
Also the use with the die rolls of a nail making machine, of a clearer to act upon
and remove from the grooves of the said rolls any pieces of wire caught therein and
not headed.
Also the use in a nail making machine having dic-rolls made in sections, of point-
cutting die carriers arranged between the said sections, bender piates, a transferrer,
and a directing piece located between said sections to prevent the leading end of the
wire from striking against the side of one of the said sections.
Also the use in a nail making machine with wire feeding devices, of a feeler, a
shipper lever, a carriage, a transferrer connected thereto frictionally and having a
rest, and a lever supported at one end by the said rest and acting at its other end on
the said feeler, whereby when two wires get wrongfully in place before the
transferrer the latter will slip on the carriage and permit the lever to act and lift
the said feeler.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of a feed roll, an eccentric stud to
support it, a transferrer, and intermediate devices between it and the said stud to
remove the feed wheel from feeding contact with and stop the feed of the wire when
the transferrer meets with unusual obstructions.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of die carriers having rack teeth, two
levers and toothed surfaces engaging said rack teeth to operate the said carriers, a
cam to actuate said levers, an adjustable cross bar or roll carrier on one of said
levers and means for adjustably connecting the said levers whereby the meeting
point of the cutting dies may be adjusted as desired.
Also the use in a machine for manufacturing nails from wire and having a pair of
rotating blank carrying die rolls having grooves out of line, and point-forming dies
or cutters to sever offset, blanks through their offset portions, of carriers for the said
dies heading tools or devices set out of line and co-operating with the same pair
of rolls to head the nails in the grooves of said rolls, the said nails being out of line
with each other equal to the offset of the grooves; and verical shafts, and actuating
means between them and the headers to operate the latter substantially as set forth.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of a pair of die rolls, cutter carriers
& cutters co-operating therewith, and toothed header carriers and headers
arranged at the opposite ends of the said pair of die rolls, of vertical shafts having
toothed gears, and means to actuate said shafts, to cause the cutter carriers to be
separated slightly to partially release the offset portions of the blank as the
headers act to head the said blanks in the formation of nails.

page_text: Also the use with a lower die rol, Denders and transferrer in a na making
machine, of gauges to position the said blanks on their way into the grooves of the
die roll.
Also the use of die rolls having their faces grooved between their die grooves.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of die rolls having grooves out of
line as described for the reception of the opposite ends of the offset blanks, gauges
to co-operate with the ends of the offset blanks to thereby place their offset
portions in exactly proper position to be acted upon by the point-forming cutting
dies, and die carriers fitted into the space between the inner ends of the sections of
the die rolls, and cutting dies having a cutting edge, point-forming recesses, and
body grooves to receive parts of the blank near and beyond the offset portion.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of two sectional or two part die rolls
two shafts each receiving the two parts of one of said rolls; and die carriers slotted
to surround the said shafts and fitted to slide between the sections of the said rolls
and provided with point cutters to cut a blank centrally as to its length and at its
offset portion.
Also in a nail making machine, a feed roll to act on the wire when the same is to
be fed, and an eccentric stud on which the said feed roll is mounted, a pivoted yoke
to carry said stud, and means to adjust the yoke to regulate the effective pressure
of said roll upon the wire, and means to turn said stud in the yoke and lift the
feed roll bodily from feeding engagement from the wire when the wire is not to
be fed.
Also a feeler to bear on the wire, combined with a spring controlled lever
adapted to lift the said feeler from the wire when the stress of the spring controlling
the said lever is overcome by the wire as it approaches the said lever.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of cutting dies having a cutting edge
of substantially uniform width, point-forming recesses, and body grooves extending
from the said recesses to the ends of the dies, and shoulders or side walls.
Also the use in a machine for making nails, of cutting dies having a cutting edge
of substantially uniform width, point forming recesses, and body grooves extending
from the said recesses to the ends of the dies, the said grooves having convexed
surfaces.
Fig. 1, of the drawing represents in front elevation a nail making machine
embodying my present invention.
Fig. 1, a detail taken from the left of Fig. 1 and relating to the wire stop
motion.
Fig. 1, a top view of Fig. 1^.
Fig. 1, is a partial longitudinal section through one of the die rolls, its shaft and
sleeves and one of the bearings I) 18.
Fig. 1, a detail to be referred to
Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof in the line, Fig. 1.
Fig. 24, a plan view of the transferrer and the carriage to which it is attached.
Figs. 2 and 2 details to be referred to.
Fig. 3 is a partial top or plan view on a larger scale of the machine shown
in Fig. 1, but with the head carrying the upper roll, and its attached parts turned
back and removed.
Fig. 3, a plan view of the lever d.
Fig. 3 shows one of the point forming dies in plan elevation.
Fig. 4 is a partial right-hand side view of the machine shown in Fig. 1, the belt
pulley being partially broken out.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section taken through the friction pulley device and its
attached parts, in the line a³, fig. 4, looking toward the left, said fig. showing in
elevation the gear on the main shaft.
Figs. and 6ª, are details relating to the wire feeding mechanism, said fig.
showing the lower feed-roll.
Figs. 7 and 74, details enlarged appertaining to the upper feed-roll.
Fig. 8, a detail showing the hending mechanism, the transferrer for transferring

page_text: the bent blank into one of the sectional rolls in which it is to be pointed and headed,
being shown in section.
Fig. 9 shows the two sets of die rolls in rear elevation with the cutter carriers
between and with the stripper and the clearers.
Fig. 10, is an enlarged face view of one of the point forming dies.
Fig. 11, is a vertical section taken through both the upper and lower dies in the
dotted line, Figs. 10 and 12.
Fig. 12, is a view of the dies shown in Fig. 11 looking from the right.
The frame-work A, is and may be of any suitable shape to support the working
parts.
The main or cam shaft A' of the machine has mounted upon it a series of
cams B, C, D, E and a toothed gear F, the said gear being engaged by a pinion F
upon a sleeve F² connected with the driven member of the friction pulley
device to be described, the said member turning upon a stud F.
The driving member or portion F of the friction pulley which receives the usual
driving belt is mounted loosely upon the sleeve hub F of the pulley member F3,
before referred to.
The stud F, which receives upon it the hub F, is extended through a bearing
hub Fx which is driven into a hole drilled for it in the frame-work, the outer end
of the hub being turned externally and bored internally, the internal bore
receiving the hub F2, while the external portion receives upon it a lever E³, to be
described.
This stud, at its outer end, has fastened to it, by a screw 20, see Figs. 1, 4 and 5,
a collar 21 having a cam face, and between the said collar and the end of the hub
of the loose pulley is arranged a second cam hub 22, see Figs. 1 and 5, provided
with a toothed gear 23, the gear being shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4.
The gear 23 is engaged by a toothed sector 24 fast upon a starting and stopping
rod E, extended as shown, across the frame-work and provided with a handle 25,
so that the operator may rotate the cam collar and engage or disengage the friction
pulleys to start and stop the machine as desired.
Instead of the particular friction pulley device I may use any suitable known
equivalent.
The framework A. is carried above the said shaft, and has an extension A
located at or near the upper side of the lowermost die roll to be described, the said
extension having pivoted upon it at A³ a leg or web A forming part of a head As,
the said head constituting a hinged or pivoted part of the frame-work.
Bhe cam B receives a roller or other stud B₁ attached to an arm or bar 132 pro-
vided with rack teeth 13 of suitable shape to engage a beveled pinion B fast on the
shaft B, see Figs. 6 and 7, to which is secured the hub or plate Be having studs
upon which are pivoted the pawls B' which engage the teeth of and rotate a hub 13
loose upon the shaft B, but having fast upon it the lowermost feed-roll B which
engages the wire w to be made into nails, the said feed-roll having bolted or fixed
to it in suitable manner a gear B which engages with a gear B" to which is
attached by suitable screws or otherwise secured, the upper feed-roll B¹³ which in
shape is the same as the feed-roll B.
The upper feed-roll and its attached gear B rotate upon an eccentric stud 13"
mounted loosely in a yoke B pivoted at one end in a suitable part of the frame-
work, see the right-hand end of the said yoke in Fig. 1, the left hand end of the
yoke receiving through it an adjusting screw B, which is screwed into a fixed
part of the frame, the rotation of the said screw regulating the effective pressure of
the pair of feed rolls upon the wire being fed into the machine.
The wire acted upon by the wire feeding rolls, which are substantially the same
as in said Patent, will be fed forward into position between the formers or
benders and c, see Figs. 2 and 3, and may be cut off as provided for therein, and
after this the bender will be depressed or moved toward the bender c which
remains stationary.
Each former or bender, shown as a plate, presents two acting faces located in

page_text: different horizontal planes, the said faces being connected by an inclined portion,
see Fig. 8, so that the metal blank clamped between the acting faces of the benders
is offset or bent substantially midway between its ends, the said metal blank when
so offset being acted upon by a transferrer 15, shown in section Fig. 8, and in plan
on a smaller scale Fig. 24, which is suitably shaped at its edge to act upon the
the blank and push it out from between the bending device into grooves of the die
rolls to be described.
The bending or offsetting devices, and the transferring device, are substantially
the same as in said Patent, but herein they are actuated by different mechanism,
to be described, as for instance, the transferrer, shown best in Figs. 2 and 24, is
secured to a reciprocating frame c nounted on a stand, having at its underside
a series of rack-teeth, which are engaged by a rack-bar connected to or
forming part of a lever and adapted to turn upon a pivot ', the said lever having
a suitable roller or other stud 8, see Fig. 1, which enters à cam groove at one side
of the cam wheel C.
It is essential that this transferrer be accurately placed upon the carriage or
frame and this I have done by means of screws extended through slots in
this transferrer, but to provide against smashing parts in case two blanks or pieces
of wire should happen to get in front of the transferrer, these screws are not set.
down so firmly but that the transferrer may slip back on the carriage on the
occurrence of such an accident.
The lower bender plate is adjustably held between a lip of a vertically
movable carriage and a cap-plate secured thereto by set screws c which
are passed from the said cap plate through slots in the said bender, and are screwed
into the said carriage.
To adjust the bender plate c³ vertically, I have provided an adjustable wedge c",
which rests at its lower edge upon the said carriage, the upper beveled edge of the
wedge acting against the lower beveled edge of the bender piate, adjustment of the
wedge in the direction of the arrow thereon when the screws are loosened.
elevating the bender plate.
+
The carriage e, adapted to slide up and down in suitable guides or grooves
made in the frame-work, has a series of rack-teeth at 2, which, to reciprocate the
carriage, are engaged by rack-teeth 3 attached to or forming part of a lever d,
shown in section in Fig. 2 and detached in Fig. 34, the said lever having its fulcrum
upon a rod or stud fixed with relation to the frame-work.
The lever referred to is provided at its outer end, see Figs. 1 and 2, with a
cross bar or roll carrier d³, adjustably connected thereto, as will be described, by a
set screw, the said cross bar having at its opposite end suitable like rollers or
other studs, see Figs. 2 and 3, which enter like cam grooves d' in the faces
of the hubs C and D, the shape of the grooves being shown in the hub D, Fig. 2.
The upper bender plate c', which may be considered as the anvil on which the
blank is bent, remains in fixed position during the operation of offsetting the
blank.
The said bender plate is held in position against a bed-bare by means of a
clamping-bar el held in place by set-screws e², the said bed-bar having attached to its
inner side, by screws e, a shield or cover et to extend over the blanks contained in
the grooves of the lower sectional die-roll D', the said die roll carrying the blanks
fed into its grooves by the transferrer, from the benders, into position to be pointed
and headed.
It will be understood that the upper and lower die rolls D1, D2, both alike, are
each made in sections, and as herein represented, each of said rolls is composed of
two sections, shown as circular blocks, separated by a collar D³ or D' surrounding
a rotating shaft D³, or D, the said shafts each being provided with a shoulder D³,
see Fig. 1, and having a threaded hole at its end and extended through a like
tube D within the bearing D4, a screw u extended through a washer ¹ and
screwed into the shaft causing the washer to act on the tube D20 and clamp the
two sections of the die-roll firmly between the tube and shoulder D*.

page_text: The outer face of the inner section of each die roll abuts against the shoulder D³,
and between the two sections of each roll are placed respectively the collars D³
and D', the said collars surrounding the reduced portions of the shafts.
The sections of each roll are so placed with relation to each other that the
longitudinally arranged peripheral blank receiving grooves of one section are
slightly out of line with relation to the blank receiving grooves of the fellow section
on the same shaft, the said grooves being so located out of line in order to adapt
them for receiving blanks offset between their ends, as provided for in said Patent,
the said blanks, properly fed into the grooves of one of the sectional die-rolls, being
both pointed and headed therein, as will be described, both operations being
effected, as herein provided for when the said blanks are brought into place to be
engaged between the lower and upper die-rolls.
In said Patent the die-rolls having the grooves referred to arranged out of line,
were mounted on independent shafts, each shaft having an attached gear, the sides
of the die rolls abutting against the die-carriers, but in this present invention the
sections making up the lower roll, and the sections making up the upper roll
clamped on the two shafts referred to, and I am enabled to do away with a
number of gears.
are
The die carriers G and G¹, to be described, are provided with elongated central
openings, see Fig. 2, to embrace the collars D, D³ referred to.
The head A referred to, see Figs. 1 and 2, carries the shaft D5 of the upper
die roll, and the head when in the position in said figs., must be held down so
that the upper roll will be held in position to cooperate with the lower die roll in
holding the blanks.
To ensure this result, the' head A³ is provided with ears A50 having preferably
stop screws 120.
These ears are engaged by loops A pivoted at. A 53 on the stands or lugs es of
the framework, each of said loops having an adjusting screw A52 to act on an
ear A when the loops are turned up as in Figs. 1 and 2 and keep the head A
with the die-roll D2 in correct working position with relation to the lower die
roll D', the stop screw meeting the lower end of the slot in the loop and preventing
the too great movement of the die-roll D³ toward the die roll D¹.
The upper edge of the bender-bar dis acted upon by suitable positioning
screws ³.
Provision has to made for adjusting the bed-bar e horizontally, and to do this
the said bar has been provided with feet e, shown best in Figs. 1, 3 and 8, the said
feet entering suitable grooves in lugs made in the frame-work, the end of one foot
being acted upon by an adjusting screw screwed into an ear es of the frame-work
see Fig. 3, so that the rotation of the said adjusting screw moves the bed bar
longitudinally.
The bed bar is held in adjusted position by means of the set screws e and elo
extended through washers which act upon the said feet, and by set screws 20
and e²¹.
The adjustment of the bed-bar horizontally enables the wire to be acted upon
with more or less pressure at just the point where it is offset or bent.
The horizontal portions of the benders may and preferably will be so set with
relation to the diameter of the wire and the inclined portions connecting them, as to
produce less pressure upon the ends of the blank than upon that part of the blank
which is to be offset or bent.
The journal D at one end of the die-roll D' is extended, see dotted lines Fig. 1,
through the frame-work sufficiently far to receive upon it a toothed gear E¹, and
the ratchet wheel E2 and detent wheel E", the teeth of the ratchet wheel E'
corresponding substantially in number with the grooves in the said die-roll.
The ratchet wheel E2 derives its step by step motion from a pawl 3 mounted upon
the lever E³ pivoted on a hub Fx, the said lever having a roller or other stud 4,
which enters a cam groove at one side of the toothed gear F, the said roll and the
shape of the said groove being shown in Fig. 4 by dotted lines.
:

page_text: The lever E has an extension which is provided with a dog 26 which engages.
teeth of the detent wheel E" arranged at one side of the ratchet wheel E², the said
dog acting as a detent to prevent any over-motion of the said wheel and die-roll
due to momentum.
The ratchet wheel E2 is also acted upon by frictional brake 27 which also tends.
to prevent any motion due solely to momentum.
In the Patent referred to, the offset blank was fed into grooves of two die rolls
and was cut through the offset portion thereof while held between said rolls and
two other die rolls above them, and the separate nails were then fed into grooves.
in a third roll, and when brought opposite a fourth roll the said pieces of pointed.
wire were operated upon to form heads for the nails.
In this present invention but one pair of rolls are used and the heading and
pointing operations are both carried on in the same grooves into which the offset
blanks are first fed thus saving many parts and simplifying the machine.
The journals of the shaft 15 of the uppermost die-roll D2 rotate in bearings D18.
forming part of the head A³ of the frame, and one of the said journals has fast
upon it a toothed gear D' which is engaged and rotated by the toothed gear E' fast.
on the shaft D of the lowermost die-roll, the said die rolls rotating at the same.
surface speed and in unison.
Each die roll is provided with a like number of horizontal grooves into which
are fed in succession the blanks cut off from the wire and offset, as described in said
Patent but I desire it to be understood that it is not essential that both rolls
be of the same diameter, or that they have exactly the same number of grooves,.
for one may have more or less grooves than the other and yet be rotated at the
same surface speed, so that their grooves will properly match and form pockets to.
receive and hold the blanks.
In the spaces between the two sections of each die roll are placed the slotted
carriers G, G, which carry the point-forming dies 5 and 6, one of which dies is
shown enlarged in Fig. 3, the said carriers fitting closely and accurately the said
spaces so as to obviate any possible lateral springing of the die rolls or their
journals during the heading operation.
The carriers, see Fig. 2, are split to receive the dies 5 and 6 serrated at their
sides as at 56, see Fig. 3B, so that they may be engaged by a corresponding surface
of the carriers, screws 19 clamping the carriers on the said dies and holding thein.
fixedly in place.
The point-forming dies are of a length to fit closely between the inner surfaces
of the die roll sections, each point forming die having two body grooves 10% and 13*
and two recesses 10 and 12, see Fig. 3, where the recesses are shown enlarged,.
separated by a thin cutting edge 13, the bottom of the said recesses being shaped
to correspond with one half of the point of the nail to be made.
The point forming and wire severing dies shown in the Patent referred to, were
produced by cutting notches in the edges of the die blocks by means of a V-shaped
cutting tool, but with such dies in use the body of the nail at or beyond the junction
of the point and body was liable to be bent or twisted out of shape, and to obviate
this increased the length of the die and provided the same with grooves in
extension of the recesses the said grooves receiving the body of the nail beyond its
offset portion which was to be severed in the formation of points, but it was found
when forming the said dies by means of a V-shaped cutter that the latter left the
recessed die in such shape that the cutting edge 13 was not perfectly uniform in
thickness, but was thinner at one point than another.
In seeking to obviate this difficulty, as for practical work the cutting edge must
be of uniform thickness, a cutting tool was devised having the inclined or beveled
parts of its edge somewhat concaved, and by the use of such a tool it was found
that the body receiving groove was left with a portion of its bottom convexed at
opposite sides, but the point receiving grooves were by the tool brought to such
uniform points that the thin cutting edge 13 was left of uniform thickness.
With this form of die cheaply made by the action of a tool, the body of the

page_text: · blank is in no way distorted or bent or twisted or marred beyond the offset portion
which is severed for the formation of the points.
Fig. 10 shows one of these dies greatly enlarged and Fig. 12 shows an end view
of two of the dies brought together, wherein will be seen that the two portions >
of the body grooves are convexed, the bedy grooves having small vertical walls ¹.
In Fig. I have shown the dies in section with a piece of wire placed between
them, the wire being also shown by dotted lines in Fig. 12.
Viewing Fig. 12 it will be seen that the side walls and the central portions of the
convexed parts support the body of the wire beyond the junction of the tapered
point to be formed in the point forming recesses and by the action of the edge
cutter 13.
By altering the shape of these recesses 10 and 12, the nail points may be diamond,
pyramidal, or other shape, as desired, the cutting operation being such as described
in said former Patent, to separate the offset portion of the nail at nearly right
angies to the center line of the wire at that point, the cut so made serving to form
parts of the points for two different nails.
The shanks of the carriers G, G. guided in suitable ways in the framework,
are provided at opposite sides respectively for part of their length with rack-
teeth 14, 15, the rack teeth of the lowermost carrier being engaged by rack-teeth 16
at the inner end of the lever d before referred to, the said lever having pivoted to
it a suitable adjustable connecting rod attached at its upper end to a pin or
rod, carried by arms, connected to a rock shaft ƒ³, having proper teeth 17
which engage the teeth of the upper carrier G, the said carriers in their operation
having a slight backward movement, just enough to partially release the offset
portion of the wire after separating the same to form two points, this slight release
taking place just before the heading operation.
The carriers G, G', are moved to and from each other in opposite directions, to
enable the dies carried by them to sever the blank at its offset portion just before
the heading devices, to be described, operate upon the ends of the two nails formed
by separating the blank.
The adjustment of the cross bar or roll carrier d upon the lever d, and the
adjustment of the connecting rod f, enables the positions of the carriers, when the
point-forming dies or cutters act to sever the offset portion of the wire, to be
governed to a nicety so as to enable each die to cut to the center of the wire, each
doing its own part of the work.
The cam hub E receives within it a roller or other stud 28 connected to a lever H.
The lever H and the lever B2 are each at their inner ends connected with suitable
vertical rock-shafts 30 and 31 provided respectively with toothed gears or
plates H, H, which engage respectively the header carriers H3 and H, each
provided with a like header 32, one or both the said headers being made adjustable
longitudinally in the said header carriers by any usual or suitable devices, as a
screw 33, shown in Fig. 3 as combined with header 32.
The adjustment of the headers in the header carriers provides for making heads
of greater or less size, and for adapting the headers to the wires of different
diameter.
The frame-work of the machine is provided with gauges 34 against which the
ends of the offset blanks strike if the said blanks are out of position in the die rolls,
thus placing the said blanks with their offset portions in exactly the proper position
to be acted upon by the point forming dies or cutters before the said blank comes
into position directly between the two die rolls so as to be separated, as it will be
understood that the blanks are not clamped between the two die rolls except when
the points are to be cut and the heading is to be done.
By disconnecting the link which passes through a hole, see Figs. 2 and 3,
in the transferrer, from the pin the head A³ may be turned over, removing
the roll D from above the roll D¹.
The headers acting upon the wire projecting slightly from the grooves in the
die rolls, act to head the nails.

page_text: In case the point forming dies or cutters fail to completely sever the blank when
making the points for two nails, then the blank, nearly separated at its offset
portion, will in the continued rotation of the die roils, be carried under the nose or
shield 35, and under the point breaker 36, (shown as a projection standing in the
central space between the two grooved parts of the lower die roll), which acts on
the nearly severed blank and separates it, leaving two separate nails.
The breaker is steadied and held to its work by a screw 40.
The lower die roll of the machine has been provided with a stripper 37, see...
Figs. 2 and 9, which stands partially in the central space of the said roll to
cusure the discharge of each nail in case it for any reason should stick in the
die grooves.
The stripper has at its right hand end a clearer 38 having an inclined edge
which acts against the end of any short pieces of wire, pieces too short for two
nails, and effects their discharge from the said grooves.
The gear E is shown as provided with a projection h, which is acted upon at its
opposite sides by like set or adjusting screws 43, see Figs. 1 and 4, inserted in
hubs attached to the rear side of the wheel E, adjustment of the said screws in
or ont enabling said wheel E¹ and the intermittingly actuated ratchet wheel E
both loose on the shaft D of the lowermost die roll, to be adjusted thercon with
relation to the gear E¹, to correctly position the blank receiving grooves,
not only with relation to each other and to the transferrer, but also to the
headers.
The machine described in the aforesaid Patent contained six rolls, but in this
present invention success has been obtained by much study, in dispensing with
all but one pair of sectional rolls, the blanks being headed in the same grooves
into which they are fed from between the benders, thus greatly simplifying
the machine, reducing the number of parts, and adding to its speed and efficiency
of action.
In the Patent referred to, the transferrer was attached to a lever and moved in
the arc of a circle, but in the machine herein described, the said transferrer
is connected to a horizontally reciprocating carriage movable in firm guide
ways, such construction being much more servicable than in the Patent
referred to.
It has been found desired to oil the wire as it is fed into the machine and
preparatory to entering the dies, and to do this I have provided the machine,
as shown at the left in Fig. 1 and in Figs. 1 and 1, with an oiling device shown
as a cup or device n, in which, as shown, is a piece of wicking, as n, which
hangs over or contacts with the wire w, the oil passing from the said wicking onto
the wire.
The shipper lever 25, herein shown as fast on the rod E', has a feeler or
latch 66, shown as pivoted thereon at 67, the said feeler being notched, as shown,
at 68, to bear on the wire and keep the shipper lever in the position shown in
Fig. 1 and the machine running, but when the said wire breaks or runs out the
said feeler no longer supported by the wire, permits the shipper lever to drop
and turn the rod E and effect the unclutching of the friction pulleys to stop the
machine.
So also if it is desired to stop the machine when the wire is not broken, the
feeler 66 may be lifted and the lever 25 turned by hand.
The feeler 66 is bevelled at 69, and at that point rests un a lever 70 pivoted on
a vertical post 71, a spring 72 acting normally to move the end of the lever Tv just
below the feeler 66, away from the pivot 67.
The opposite end of the lever 70 has a wire-guide 73 through which the wire w
is led on its way to the feeding rolls and the bender.
The wire in the form of a coil or ball, see Fig. 1, stands on one end at one side
of the post 71, on a suitable reel or base, and as the wire leaves the coil or ball,
it hangs in spiral curves between the coil and lever 73, so that when the wire fails
to be properly delivered from the coil, or becomes taugled, the extra strain put on
B

page_text: the wire and acting on the lever 73 overcomes the stress of the spring 72 and
turns the lever 73 to act on the incline 69 of and lift the feeler 66 and effect the
stopping of the machine.
.
The transferrer el is provided, see Figs. 1 and 3, with a rest 100 for the inner
end of a lever 101 fast on the outer end of the eccentric stud B on which the
upper feed roll B13 is mounted to rotate.
'
The outer end of this lever 101 is extended under the feeler 66, and when the
machine is working properly and but one blank is presented at a time in front of
the transferrer, the inner end of the lever is kept elevated, but should two wires
or blanks get in front of the inwardly moving transferrer, then the transferrer in
the inward movement of the carriage is arrested while the carriage continues to
move, and on the return of the carriage to its outer position the rest is entirely
removed from below the inner or right hand end of the lever 101, so that that end.
due to gravity or otherwise, descends, lifting its rear end and the feeler 66 to effect
the stopping of the machine, and at the same time the partial rotation of the
eccentric stud B lifts the upper feed roll sufficiently from the wire to prevent it
from being fed toward the benders.
The carrier G, at its front side, has attached to it, as represented, by a screw mt,
a directing piece m', shown on a large scale in Fig. 2B and in section on a much
smaller scale in Fig. 2.
The wire emerges from a hole in a guide block n just before it is caught by
the feed rolls, and after leaving the said rolls it enters a hole in a second guide-
block n', and the end of the wire leaving the block n' is to be fed into the space
between the bender plates and transferrer opposite one set of grooves.
During this operation, to prevent the possibility of the leading end of the wire
striking against the inner side of the farthest section of the die roll D', to the
right, I have provided a directing piece m³, see Fig. 2, it lying partially in the
space between the two sections of the said die rolls, and with its bevel face m², in
such position as to deflect the end of the wire outwardly into the space between
the bender plates.
The top of the piece m is shaped to correspond with the offset part of the
wire, so as not to interfere with the placing of the wire blank into the die
grooves.
This invention is not limited to the exact construction of the wire oiling
mechanism nor to the exact construction of the shipper lever and the connections
between the wire and the friction pulleys; nor to the exact construction of the
feeler or latch 66; or of the lever 70, as the said parts may be variously
modified and other known equivalents used and yet come within the scope of my
invention.
The faces of the die rolls between the blank receiving grooves are cut out at 104,
see Figs. 3 and 9, to leave a series of projections between them and the blank
receiving grooves of the rolls, which projections act as blades to cut off and break
up any pieces of wire which become caught between the die rolls, or any blanks
which get out of place in the rotation of the rolls.
The upper die roll may have a clearer 38 like the one 38* co-operating with the
lower die roll.
In the machine described in the said Patent the rolls first to receive the offset
blank were four in number, as each grooved roll had its own separate shaft, and the
die carriers between the sides of the said rolls were provided with cutters having a
cutting edge to sever the offset part of the wire, and at opposite sides the said
cutter the said dies had only point receiving recesses, that is the recesses in the
dies were only long enough to receive the offset part of the blank.
In experiments it was discovered that, to avoid the liability of bending the wire
back to the offset part to form the points as the wire was being severed, a part of
the body of the wire must be held in the cutting dies as the cutting edge acts to
sever the wire, and consequently the like cutting dies 5 and 6, (see the die
Fig. 3B) have been made broader, and besides the cutting edge 13 and the point

page_text: receiving recesses 10 and 12, which may be as in said Patent, the grooves 10*
and 12 are provided to receive a portion of the main body of the blank each side
the said point receiving recesses, the said grooves avoiding making bends in
the body of the wire near the points as the offset wire is severed by the cutting
edge 13.
The dies and 6 have their outer sides serrated and are enlarged by the jaw
like lower ends of the die carriers which are split to form die receiving jaws pro-
vided with suitable clamping screws 18, 19, by which the dies may be firmly
clamped in place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The arrangement or combination and use of parts of apparatus forming a
machine for manufacturing nails, it comprehending a pair of rotating die rolls
having grooves out of line substantially as described, for the reception of a double
blank offset between its ends; a transferrer made laterally movable toward and
from one of said die rolls to act on and move a blank laterally into the offset
grooves of one of the said die rolls; means to retain the said blank in the grooves
of said die roll until the said blank has been carried opposite the co-operating
offset groove of the other of said die rolls; point-forming dies or cutters to sever
the offset blank through its offset portion carriers for the said dies (slotted to
embrace the shafts of the die rolls between their ends) and heading tools or devices
set out of line and co-operating with the same pair of rolls to head the nails in the
grooves of said rolls, the said nails being out of line with each other equal to the
offset of the grooves, the said parts being arranged to operate substantially as
described, whereby the nails are headed in the same grooves of the same pair of
die rolls in which they are pointed, as set forth.
2. The arrangement or combination and use in a nail making machine of rotating
die rolls having grooves out of line for the reception of a double blank offset between
its ends a transferrer made laterally movable toward and from one of said die rolls
to act on and move a blank laterally into the offset grooves of one of said die rolls;
die carriers and their point-forming cutting dies; and means to actuate the said
carriers, and a nail breaker to separate the nails point from point while yet in the
die grooves, in case the blank should not be fully severed by the point forming
cutting dies, substantially as described.
3. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails, of
die rolls; bending devices to offset the blank; a transferrer; a horizontally-sliding
carriage to which the said transferrer is adjustably attached; guides for the said
carriage and means to reciprocate the said carriage horizontally, substantially as
described.
4. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails of die
rolls, the carriers having point-forming cutters, the carriage e, its attached
bender c³, the lever d, and its toothed portions 3 and 16 to actuate one of the said
carriers, and the said carriage, substantially as described.
5. The arrangement or combination and use in a nail making machine of an upper
bender, a carriage to which it is attached, an under bender, a horizontally
adjustable bed-bar, and means to hold it in adjusted position, adjustment of the said
bed-bar enabling the pressure to be more or less upon the metal blank at the point
where it is offset, substantially as described.
6. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails of two
die rolls having offset grooves; two gears to cause the rotation of said rolls in
unison; two bender bars; a ratchet wheel adjustably mounted on the shaft of one
of said die rolls; and means to move the said wheel intermittingly, substantially as
described.
7. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails, of two
die rolls having offset grooves; gears to cause the rotation of said die rolls in

page_text: unison; two benders; a ratchet wheel adjustably mounted on the shaft of one of
the said die rolls; and a toothed wheel; a pawl and a dog, and means to actuate
the said pawl, substantially as described.
8. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails, of
wire feeding devices, a feeler to bear on the wire, and a shipper lever, a rod to
which it is attached, friction pulleys, and means actuated by the said rod to cause
the said pulleys to be engaged when the feeler bears on the wire, or to be disengaged
in the absence of the wire, substantially as described.
9. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails, of a
feeler adapted to contact with the wire, shipper mechanism controlled by said feeler,
and a lever-controlled as to its position by the wire on its way to the feed rolls,
whereby when the wire fails to be delivered properly the said lever will be moved
to disengage the feeler from contact with the wire and stop the machine, substan-
tially as described.“
10. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails, of a
pair of sectional die rolls substantially as described, double point-forming cutters, and
their carriers, means for actuating and connecting the said carriers, and means to
adjust said actuating and connecting means independently, as described, whereby
the movement of the said carriers may be controlled with relation to the center of
the wire to be cut, substantially as described.
11. The arrangement or combination and use with the die rolls of a nail making
machine, of a clearer to act upon and remove from the grooves of the said rolls
any pieces of wire caught therein and not headed, substantially as described.
12. The combination or arrangement and use in a nail making machine having
die rolls made in sections, of point cutting die carriers arranged between the said
sections, bender plates, a transferrer, and a directing piece located between said.
sections to prevent the leading end of the wire from striking against the side of one
of the said sections, substantially as described.
13. The combination or arrangement and use in a nail making maching with wire
feeding devices, of a feeler, a shipper lever, a carriage, and a transferrer connected
thereto frictionally and having a rest and a lever supported at one end by the said
rest and acting at its other end on the said feeler, whereby when two wires get
wrongfully in place before the transferrer, the latter will slip on the carriage and
permit the lever to act and lift the said feeler, substantially as described.
14. The combination or arrangement and use in a machine for making nails, of a
feed-roll, an eccentric stud to support it, a transferrer, and intermediate devices
between it and the said stud to remove the feed wheel from feeding contact with and
stop the feed of the wire when the transferrer meets with unusual obstructions,
substantially as described.
15. The combination or arrangement and use in a machine for making nails, of
die carriers having rack teeth two levers and toothed surfaces engaging said rack
teeth to operate the said carriers, cam to actuate said levers, an adjustable cross
bar or roll carrier d', on one of said levers; and means for adjustably connecting
the said levers whereby the meeting point of the cutting dies may be adjusted as
desired.
16. The combination or arrangement and use in a machine for manufacturing
mails, from wire and having a pair of rotating blank carrying die rolls having
grooves out of line, and point-forming dies or cutters to sever offset blanks through
their offset portions, of carriers for the said dies; heading tools or devices set out
of line and co-operating with the same pair of rolls to head the nails in the grooves
of said rolls, the said nails being out of line with each other equal to the offset of
the grooves and vertical shafts and actuating means between them and the headers
to operate the latter, substantially as-and for the purpose set forth.
17. The arrangement or combination and use in a machine for making nails, of a
pair of die rolis, cutter carriers and cutters co-operating therewith, and toothed
header carriers and headers arranged at the opposite ends of the said pair of die
rolls, of vertical shafts having toothed gears and means to actnate said shafts, and

page_text: cause the cutter carriers to be separated slightly to partially release the offset
portions of the blank as the headers act to head the said blanks in the formation of
nails, substantially as described.
18. The use with a lower die roll, benders and transferrer in a nail making
machine, of gauges to position the said blanks on their way into the grooves of the
die roll, substantially as described.
19. The use of die rolls having their faces grooved between their die grooves.
20. The use in a machine for making nails, of die rolls having grooves out of
line as described for the reception of the opposite ends of the offset blanks, gauges
to co-operate with the ends of the offset blanks to thereby place their offset portions
in exactly proper position to be acted upon by the point-forming cutting dies, and
die carriers fitted into the space between the inner ends of the sections of the die
rolls, and cutting dies having a cutting edge, point-forming recesses, and body
grooves to receive parts of the blank near and beyond the offset portion, substan-
tially as described."
21. The use in a machine for making nails, of two sectional or two part die rolls;
two shafts each receiving the two parts of one of said rolls; and die carriers slotted
to surround the said shafts and fitted to slide between the sections of the said rolls
and provided with point cutters to cut a blank centrally as to its length and at its
offset portion, substantially as described.
22. In a nail making machine, a feed roll to act on the wire when the same is to
be fed, and an eccentric stud on which the said feed roll is mounted, a pivoted yoke
to carry said stud, and means to adjust the yoke to regulate the effective pressure
of said roll upon the wire, combined with means to turn said stud in the yoke
and lift the feed roll bodily from feeding engagement from the wire when the wire
is not to be fed, substantially as described.
23. In a nail making machine the use of a feeler to bear on the wire, combined
with a spring controlled lever adapted to lift the said feeler from the wire when the
stress of the spring controlling the said lever is overcome by the wire as it
approaches the said lever, substantially as described.
24. The use in a machine for making nails of cutting dies having a cutting edge
of substantially uniform width, point-forming recesses, and body grooves extending
from the said recesses to the ends of the dies, and shoulders or side walls, substan-
tially as described.
25. The use in a machine for making nails of cutting dies having a cutting edge
of substantially uniform width, point-forming recesses, and body grooves extending
from the said recesses to the ends of the dies, the said grooves having convexed
surfaces, substantially as described.
26. The combination or arrangement and use of parts of a machine for the
making of nails co-operating together substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated the 27th day of June 1892.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.