AN IMPROVEMENT IN FORGE HAMMERS, AND IN THE ANVILS USED WITH FORGE HAMMERS AND SQUEEZERS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Dawes, of Bromford Iron Works,
West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Iron Master, for the Inven-
tion of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FORGE HAMMERS, AND IN THE ANVILS USED WITH
FORGE HAMMERS AND SQUEEZERS."
Sealed the 14th May 1859, and dated the 23rd November 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Dawes at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd November 1858.
I, WILLIAM HENRY DAWES, of Bromford Iron Works, West Bromwich,
in the County of Stafford, Iron Master, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FORGE HAMMERS, AND IN THE ANVILS
USED WITH FORGE HAMMERS AND SQUEEZERS," to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists in constructing the tools or working surfaces of
forge hammers,and anvils used with forge hammers and squeezers, as herein-
after described, for the purpose of the more readily preventing the heating of
the said tools during use. In using forge hammers and forge hammer and
squeezer anvils of the ordinary construction, it is usual to throw cold water
upon them from time to time for the purpose of cooling them, but this
treatment very imperfectly defends them from the injurious action of the heat.
to which they are exposed.
In constructing forge hammers and the anvils of forge hammers, and

page_text: squeezers according to my Invention, I make a series of channels or passages
in the tools of the said hammers and anvils, the said channels or passages
being made by preference in a plane parallel to that of the working surface,
and as near the said surface as they can be conveniently made. By causing
cold water to circulate through the said passages or channels, the forge
hammer and anvils are kept cool during use, and preserved from the
injurious action of heat.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Henry Dawes in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 20th May 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENRY DAWES, of Bromford Iron Works, West Bromwich, in the County of
Stafford, Iron Master, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Lettors
Patent bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Henry Dawes, Her special licence that I, the said
William Henry Dawes, ny executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Henry Dawes, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FORGE HAMMERS, AND IN THE ANVILS USED
WITH FORGE HAMMERS AND SQUEEZERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Henry Dawes, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Henry Dawes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-

page_text: My said. Invention consists in constructing the tools or working surfaces.
of forge hammers, and anvils used with forge hammers and squeezers, as
herein-after described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, for the
purpose of the more readily preventing the heating of the said tools during
use. In using forge hammers and forge hammer and squeezer anvils of the
ordinary construction, it is usual to throw cold water upon them from time to
time for the purpose of cooling them, but this treatment very imperfectly
defends them from the injurious action of the heat to which they are exposed,
and causes them to crack and become useless.
In constructing forge hammers and the anvils of forge hammers and
squeezers according to my Invention, I make a series of channels or passages
in the tools of the said hammers and anvils, the said channels or passages being
made by preference in a plane parallel to that of the working surface and as
near the said surface as they can be conveniently made. By causing water
to circulate through the said passages or channels the forge hammer and
anvils are kept cool during use, and preserved from the injurious action of
heat.
In making forge hammers according to my Invention, I prefer to make the
passages or channels therein in the following manner:-I take a piece of
welded iron tube, and bend it into the form represented at a in Figure 1 of
the accompanying Drawing, and I place the said bent iron tube in the mould
in which the forge hammer is to be cast, and cast the said hammer upon the
said bent tube. The bent tube is so placed in the mould that it is near the
surface of the hammer, the several portions of the tube being in a plane
parallel to the face of the hammer, as shown in the transverse section, Figure 2.
A flexible tube connected with one end of the bent iron tube a conveys water
from a reservoir situated higher than the hammer through the said tube a,
and another flexible tube connected with the other end of the bent tube a
conducts the water from the hammer.
In making anvils according to my Invention for forge hammers and
squeezers, I cast the said anvils with a series of tubular passages near the
surface of the anvil, as shown in transverse section in Figure 8; the said
passages pass from side to side of the anvil, and are connected together by
elbow joints, as shown in plan in Figure 4. Water is conveyed through the
continuous passage thus made by the pipes b and c. Instead of joining the
passages in the anvil in the manner illustrated in Figure 4, I sometimes
join them in the manner illustrated in Figure 5. Either of the methods of
making the channels or passages in anvils represented in Figures 3, 4, and 5,
may be applied to the making of the channels or passages in forge hammers,

page_text: but I prefer the application to forge hammer of the method described with
reference to Figures 1 and 2.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
earrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as the same may
be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I claim as
my Invention,-
Firstly, the improvement in forge hammers herein-before described and
illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly, the improvement in anvils used with forge hammers and squeezers
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the accom-
panying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Dawes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM HENRY DAWES. (L.B.)