CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO LUBRICATING AXLES AND BEARINGS FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Knight, of Newton Heath, near the City of
Manchester, Manager, for the Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO
LUBRICATING AXLES AND BEARINGS FOR OTHER PURPOSES,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Knight at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
November 1859.
I, JOHN KNIGHT, of Newton Heath, near the City of Manchester,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING, PART OF WHICH IS
APPLICABLE TO LUBRICATING AXLES AND BEARINGS FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
The first part of my Invention consists in japanning the boxes and covers
of roller temples to prevent them from rusting when the fabric is woven in a
damp state, and to economise the labor of polishing.
The second part of my Invention consists in turning or forming a spiral
groove or spiral grooves in contrary directions on the crank axle or other
axles of looms. These grooves extend the length of the bearings to detain
and distribute the oil or other lubricating material; the bearings are or may
be made with shoulders to prevent the escape of the lubricating material
[Prine 821

page_text: laterally, or the spiral grooves may be made in the bearings, and the axles
can remain plain. This second part of my Invention is applicable to axles
and bearings for other purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Knight in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
KNIGHT, of Newton Heath, near the City of Manchester, Manager, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Knight, Her special licence that I, the said John
Knight, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Knight, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there.
after during the term therein expressed. should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE
MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING, PART OF WHICH IS APPLICABLE TO
LUBRICATING AXLES AND BEARINGS FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Knight, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said John Knight, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
The first part of my Invention consists in japanning the boxes and covers of
roller temples to prevent them from rusting when the fabric is woven in a wet
or damp state, and to economize the labor of polishing. In performing this

page_text: part of my Invention, the boxes and covers of the temples are japanned in the
same manner as is now customary in japanning letter copying presses, or any
other articles of cast iron; the journals for the rollers are then bored or
cleaned out, and the temples are otherwise completed in the usual manner.
By this means the danger of rust is entirely obviated, and a great saving
in labor and material is effected, as the covers, instead of being polished
as now customary, are japanned in the rough state, and the covers may be
of cast iron instead of being made of brass, as is now requisite when the
fabric is woven in a wet or damp state.
The second part of my Invention consists in turning or forming a spiral
groove or spiral grooves in contrary directions on the crank axle or other
axles of looms; these grooves extend the length of the bearings to retain and
distribute the oil or other lubricating material. The bearings are or may be
made with shoulders to prevent the escape ofthelubricating material laterally,
or the spiral grooves may be made in the bearings, and the axles can remain
plain. This second part of my Invention is applicable to axles and bearings
for other purposes, and will be fully understood on reference to the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings.
Figure 1 is part of the crank axle of a loon to which my improvements are
applied. A is the journal, in which are turned or otherwise formed two
spiral grooves in contrary directions extending the whole or nearly the whole
length of the bearing, so that the oil or other lubricating material which is
supplied at B may be distributed all over the bearing. A circular groove is
or may be made at each end of the bearing to prevent the escape of the
lubricating material. C is the crank, which is also made with two spiral and
two circalar grooves for the lubricating material; these grooves serve as
reservoirs for the accumulation of the lubricating material, which is given out
as required. Figure 2 represents a fixed axle or stud suitable for a carrier
wheel or other article to which my improvements are applied; Figure 3
represents the axle of the main drum of a carding engine; the bearing D, in
which the axle revolves, is made with a shoulder at the inner end to prevent
the escape of the lubricating material. Figure 4 represents part of a line of
shafting, the journals of which are bushes, as shewn at E; these bushes are
fixed to the shaft, and they revolve in the bearings F, which are made with
shoulders at each end to prevent the escape of the lubricating material. The
bushes E can be taken away when worn and replaced with new ones; they
are also capable of being moved along the shaft when it is requisite to change
the position of the bearing.

page_text: In the above Drawings I have shewn the grooves for the lubricating
material in the axles, but they may be made in the bearings if preferred.
The foregoing examples are sufficient to illustrate the nature of my.
Invention, and the mode of carrying it into operation; I wish, however, to
remark that my improvements are applicable to other descriptions of axles and
bearings. I would also observe that I do not limit myself to the peculiar
angle or shape of the grooves, as they may be considerably varied without
departing from the peculiar character of my Invention; but what I claim
is,―
First, the japanning the boxes and covers of roller temples to economise
labor and prevent rust, as herein described.
Secondly, the forming grooves in axles and bearings for containing and
distributing lubricating material, as herein described.
And, thirdly, the forming shoulders on bearings to prevent the escape ofthe
lubricating material, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Knight, have hereunto unto
set my hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
JOHN KNIGHT. (LS.)