⚫ IN HOES FOR HOEING TURNIPS AND OTHER CROPS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Presswood Goss and Frederick Savage, both of
Kings Lynn in the County of Norfolk for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
⚫ IN HOES FOR HOEING TURNIPS AND OTHER CROPS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Presswood Goss and
Frederick Savage at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
27th July 1882.
JOHN PRESSWOOD Goss, and FREDERICK SAVAGE, both of Kings Lynn in the
County of Norfolk "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOES FOR HOEING TURNIPS AND OTHER
CROPS
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in hoes for hoeing turnips and
other crops.
In hoeing turnips and like crops it is necessary to work close up to the rows of
the crop destroying the weeds as far as possible without injury to the young plants;
either directly by the hoes or by covering them with earth.
In the horse hoe which we have devised for this purpose the main hoes, by
which the middle space between the rows is cleared, are as heretofore, adjustable
along a bar and they can be clamped in any positions required at safe distances
from the rows of the crop. To the stem of each of the main hoes an arm is con-
nected projecting to the rear for the purpose of carrying an auxiliary hoe.
This
it does by means of a cross arm clamped to it and admitting of adjustment so that
the auxiliary hoe may be set as close as may be desired to the row of plants. The
point of the auxiliary hoe is inclined upwards so that it neither disturbs the soil
nor interferes with plants of small growth. Passing from the point of the hoe to
the rear the edge of the hoe approaches to and presently meets the ground and at
the same time the edge inclines outwards away from the row of the crop. Hence
the auxiliary boes only disturb the soil at a safe distance from the plants but they
destroy weeds, and especially weeds of any growth, very close up to the rows.
The arms which carry the auxiliary hoes are adjustable in their connection with
the stems of the main hoes so that the points of the auxiliary hoes may be set up
or down to vary the inclination of these hoes and the height of the points to suit
the growth of the crop at the time of hoeing.

page_text: +
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Presswood Goss and Frederick Savage in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 27th January 1883.
JOHN PRESSWOOD Goss and FREDERICK SAVAGE both of Kings Lynn in the
County of Norfolk "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOES FOR HOEING TURNIPS AND OTHER
CROPS
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in hoes for hoeing turnips and all
other crops on their first appearance above the ground.
In hoeing turnips and like crops it is necessary to work close up to the rows
of the crop destroying the weeds as far as possible without injury to the young
plants; either directly by the hoes or by covering them with earth.
In the horse hoe which we have devised for this purpose the main hoes, by
I which the middle space between the rows is cleared, are as heretofore, adjustable
along a bar and they can be clamped in any positions required at safe distances
from the rows of the crop. To the stem of each of the main hoes an arm is con-
nected projecting to the rear for the purpose of carrying an auxiliary hoe. This
it does by means of a cross arm clamped to it and admitting of adjustment so that
the auxiliary hoe may be set as close as may be desired to the row of plants. The
. point of the auxiliary hoe is inclined upwards so that it neither disturbs the soil
nor interferes with plants of small growth. Passing from the point of the boe to
the rear, the edge of the hoe approaches to and presently meets the ground and
at the same time the edge inclines outwards away from the row of the crop. Hence
the auxiliary hoes only disturb the soil at a safe distance from the plants but they
destroy weeds and especially weeds of any growth, very close up to the rows.
The arms which carry the auxiliary hoes are adjustable in their connection with
the stems of the main hoes so that the points of the auxiliary hoes may be set up
or down to vary the inclination of these hoes and the height of the points to suit
the growth of the crop at the time of hoeing.
In order that our said invention may be most fully understood and readily
I carried into effect we will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of a horse hoe constructed in accordance with our
invention Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same.
a a is an horizontal bar provided upon the implement to carry the hoes or
fittings. The parts to which the bar' is attached and by which it is drawn
transversely over the land are not represented in the drawing because they are as
such as are found in other horse hoes. bb are arms clamped upon the bar a by
bolts b. The bolts b' have eyes at their lower ends through which the bar a passes
freely; they are fitted into recesses in the arms b so that by tightening the nut
upon the bolt the arm may be made fast upon the bar in any desired position. This
is a convenient and well known method of clamping.
ccare the ordinary main hoes, their stems are clamped to the arms b in the usual
way; the stein passing through an eye in a bolt c' which can be tightened by a nut
when the hoe is set to the depth desired.
dd are arms which are clamped to the stems of the hoes for the purpose of
carrying cross arms armed with the auxiliary hoes. d¹ d' are two eye bolts by
which the clamping is performed. The hole in the arm d which receives the stem
of the lower bolt d¹ is elongated for the purpose of adjustment; it admits of the

page_text: arm & being inclined upwards or downwards as may be desired. ee are the cross
arms to carry the auxiliary hoes; they are secured to the arms d by clips e' e¹.
The clipe can slide longitudinally on the arm & and the cross arme can slide
transversely between the clip and the arm until the tightening of the set screw in
the clip sets all fast. Thus the horizontal adjustment of the auxiliary hoes to the
desired position is provided for. ff are the auxiliary hoes, their stems f¹ pass
through eyes at the end of the cross arms e and when in the proper vertical
adjustment they are made fast by pinching screws as the drawing indicates.
The form of the auxiliary hoe is peculiar, it comes to a point in front and this
point by the means already described can be set at such a height from the ground
and distance from the centre of the row as most advantageously to catch the
weeds allowing none to escape which are not actually in the row. The edge of
the hoe blade is on the outer side, or that away from the row of the crop; it
inclines from the point outwards and downwards till it meets the ground; it thus
diverts to one side and then severs the weeds which the point of the hoe blade
catches. The remainder of the edge is horizontal and overlaps the path of the
main hoe c by which the middle space is cleared.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the manner of
performing the same we would have it understood that we claim :-
First. Our improvement in hoes for hoeing turnips and all other crops in rows,
consisting in providing auxiliary hoes with raised points and outwardly inclined
edges to work close up to the rows on their first appearance above the ground
substantially as described.
Second. Our improved hoe substantially as described for hoeing turnips and all
other crops in rows.
In witness whereof I the said John Presswood Goss have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Twenty sixth day of January in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
JOHN PRESSWOOD GOSS (L.S.)