Improvements in connection with Electric Propulsion.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 22nd July, 1896-Accepted, 17th, Oct., 1896
Improvements in connection with Electric Propulsion.
We, ANTHONY GEORGE NEW and ARTHUR JAMES MAYNE, both of Palace
Chambers, in the City of Westminster, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to electric propulsion adapted not only for vehicles for
road and like use, but also for boats, whether fitted with what are known as rudder
motors, or with electically driven screw shafts. Among the advantages to be
gained by the use of the invention may be mentioned the possibility of securing a
variable gearing or speed without mechanical complication, and also a simplification
and cheapening of the cost of the actual propelling motors.
According to this invention it is proposed to use a polyphase current for driving
the motor, and this end may be attained by conducting a direct current from the
accumulators or other source of electricity to a transformer which will couvert the
direct into alternating polyphase currents. From the transformer the polyphase
currents are conducted to the polyphase motor.
The invention may be carried into effect by constructing a motor transformer
with a single magnetic field and providing it with a suitable governor, prolerably
automatic in its action but capable also of being set by hand so as to be able to
secure variable speeds of rotation, and consequently to vary the periodicity of the
current supplied to the driving motor and the late of travel of the vehicle or boat.
The speed of rotation in the transformer may be considerable so as to attain
great efficiency and at the same time be able to utilize the momentum. On the
other hand the driving motor preferably is a low speed one provided with a
number of magnetic fields, and the speed at which it runs is of course proportionate
to the number of its helds, and thus what is equivalent to a positive gearing 18
maintained between the transformer and driving motor, and it is only necessary for
governing the rate of travel to vary the periodicity of the current, and this may
be done by causing the governor or switch to cut in or out resistances so as to vary
the current flowing through the revolving field of the transformer.
As an alternative method said transformer might have a number of magnetic
fields, the number being capable of being vaned by means of a switch, or a similar
switch could be arranged to vary the number of fields in the motor
Dated the 22nd day of October 1895.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent,
For the Applicants.

page_text: Аиртогощения 10 соплеснon Wiel глесите сторшетов.
We ANTHONY GEORGF NEW of Palace Chambers Budge Street Westminster
Electrical Engineer and ARTHUR JAMES MAYNE of the same address Electrical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement
This invention relates to electric propulsion adapted not only for vehicles for
road and like use, but also for boats, whether fitted with what are known as rudder
motore, or with electrically driven screw shafts. Among the advantages to be
gained by the use of the invention may be mentioned the possibility of securing a
valiable gearing or speed without mechanical complication, and also a simplification
and cheapening of the cost of the actual propelling motors.
According to this invention it is proposed to employ a polyphase motor and to
drive it by converting the current from accumulators or other source of direct
current into a polyphase current by means of a converter or transformer which
converted current is then led into the polyphase motor and actuates it in the
ordinary manner.
The nature of this transformer and the manner of its construction and operation
may be seen from the accompanying sheet of diawings to which reference is hero
made
Fig 1. is a vertical section through the appliance.
Fig. 2. is an end view and partial section through the line -y of
Fig. 1. showing one of the brushes in section and the end plate P with the cap D
partly broken away-this latter securing the whole in position by means of the
insulated bolts b²²
It consists essentinily of a gramme ring or equivalent aimature G-the ion core
alone of which is shown in section in Fig 1 secured by bolts band b¹ to a fiame
forined by the arms K, K, K, K and the standards or supports W W. In the
centre of this frame are arranged the bearings L, L' in which revolves the axle A
to which is keyed the field mngnet M and to the end of which the brush holder P
18 screwed by means of the sleeve H.
A special form of commutators, collecting rings, and revolving brushes is
shown in the diawing but any form of commutator and evolving bushes may
be employed.
The field-magnet M is wound with very fine wire possessing a high resistance as
the strength of the field which it produces is not required to be very great and
these windings are connected preferably in shuut with the windings on the gramme
ring by slip ings not shown in the drawing.
The revolving brush contains two pan of brushes B B and B B³ pressed out
adially by the springs S S and S' S¹.
The commutator forms a hollow cylinder or ring the segments of which insulated
from one another in the ordinary manner are connected to various points in the
winding of the grammne ng of armature G. by wes not shown in the diawing.
The collecting rings Rand It' are ordinary hollow rings insulated from the
commutator C, from one another and from the aims K, K. Each pair of
brushes B B', and B2 B3 are insulated from one another as shown, but each
separate brush is in conducting connection with its neighbour which projects in
the same direction B, with B' and B with B³.
The bushes B, B1, B2, B3 are, it will of course be understood arranged at a
slight angle with the magnet M to give them the necessary forward "lead"
The action of the apparatus is as follows.
When the terminals T T are connected with the poles of the battery or other

page_text: source of electricity the current entering say at T passes from collector-ring R, to
brush B and from brush B¹ to one of the sections of the commutator C, thence
round the windings of the gramme ring or armature G and back to the opposite
section of the commutator and so by way of brushes B and B to ring R¹ and
the other terminal T'. This of course produces a magnetic pole in the armature G
in front of the magnet M which suitably excited as above explained by a shunt
current commences to revolve and causes to revolve with it the axle A and the
brush holder P, and brushes B, B1, B2, B³ precisely in the manner of any other
shunt-wound motor. The result of this revolution is to produce a revolving
magnetic field in the armature or ring G.. Three conductors connected with the
windings of the armature G at equidistant points T' T' T Fig. 2 separated from.
one another by angles of 180° are brought to the terminals T, T3, T³ Fig. 1. and
from these a three-phase current can be led off to drive the motor as above
explained.
By thus "tapping" the armature G at other equidistant points a two or four-
phase current can of course also be obtained.
It will be observed that the rotating part of this converter has no greater amount
of work to perform than that of sumply rotating the brush-holder and brushes, in
this respect differing from other motor-converters hitherto in use and the field
magnet M may consequently be constructed so as to take but a very small amount
of current and may therefore be wound with a very high resistance as above
pointed out.
The speed of the polyphase motor driven by the current thus obtained varies
according to the periodicity of the currents with which it is supplied. This
periodicity depends upon the speed of rotation of the rotating magnetic field in
the armature G, and this in turn depends upon the speed of rotation of the
brushes B, B1, B2, B3 and the field-magnet M. This may be controlled by a brake
or friction governor, or by putting resistance in series with the windings on M,
which will not of course have any effect on the efficiency of the conversion as the
whole function of M 18 to revolve the brushes. In this way a completo control of
the speed of the motor is obtainable without variation in the efficiency of the
system as a whole.
A further method of variation may be obtained by employing two or more
magnetic fields instead of the single magnetic field provided by the magnet M.
These may be arranged to be thrown in or out of action by means of a switch.
Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manuer it is
to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The arrangement of the transformer or converter shown and described for
producing a polyphase from a diect curient in conjunction with a polyphase
motor and the means of controlling the speed of the latter by regulating the
rapidity of revolution of the rotating field or fields of the transformer in the
manner described.
Dated this 22nd day of July 1896.
ANTHONY G. NEW.
ARTHUR JAS. MAYNE.