IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CAUSING MORE PERFECT COMBUSTION IN FURNACES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan of Kensington, Middlesex for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CAUSING MORE PERFECT
COMBUSTION IN FURNACES A communication to him from abroad by William
Alexander Campbell, of Montreal, Canada, Gentleman
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, IMPROVEMENTS IN
Communi-
APPARATUS FOR CAUSING MORE PERFECT COMBUSTION IN FURNACES
cated to me from abroad by William Alexander Campbell of Montreal, Canada,
Gentleman
This invention has reference to the construction and arrangement of an
apparatus by which a more perfect combustion is caused and a consequent greater
amount of heat obtained from the fuel in furnaces, caused by blast of heated air
or steam which intermingles with the products of combustion, these being drawn
from the furnace and returned to it in a heated and intermingled state.
In the drawings hereunto annexed similar letters of reference indicate like parts,
and Fig 1 is a sectional plan of a furnace and apparatus embodying this invention.
Fig 2 is a vertical section on line xx, Fig 1. Fig 3 is a side elevation of Fig 1.
Letter A is an ordinary furnace; B the casing or walls also of ordinary con-
struction. Within the furnace and at or near the top of it, at the front end, is
situated a casing C, extending across the whole or a portion of the width of the
furuace. If desired instead of being situated at the front, the casing C may be
placed at the side extending preferably from the front end, but should occasion
require it, in any particular case, it may be situated in any position above the fire.
The casing C is divided into two principal parts D and E, the part D, being a
chamber extending the whole length of the casing, and the part E, is divided into
any desired number of chambers G, and passages H, as shown in the drawings;

page_text: there are four chambers G and three passages. H. In D is situated a pipe I, into
which a blast of air or steam will be forced; this pipe is provided with nozzles K,
one of which is provided for each of the passages EI; the nozzles extend into the
passages a distance as shown. Each of the chambers G is provided with an
opening L, into the furnace, and an opening M into the chamber D. The openings M
are closed at pleasure by a gridiron slide, having dampers N, situated as shown, so
that by setting the slide in the position shown, the four openings M, are all
uncovered, and by moving the slide downwards (on the drawing) it will close all.
the openings, also by continuing said downward motion of the slide, the two
openings at the extremities will be opened and the two centre ones will remain
closed. This arrangement of the slide is for the purpose of enabling two or four
openings to be used as desired, or all the openings to be used with a greater or less
amount of contraction of area. It will be observed that in the pipe I, preferably
opposite to each of the nozzles K, tubular projections are formed; these pass
through the front of the chamber D, and through the front plate P, of the furnace
and extend in screwed ends in front, upon which are placed ordinary corresponding
screwed nuts and caps R, so that by removing the caps the nozzles may be cleaned
out by any ordinary means if any obstruction has lodged in them, and by the nuts
the pipe may be drawn up tightly thereby raising the nozzles, or the nuts may be
slackened and allow the nozzles to be slightly depressed, thus an amount of
adjustment of direction of the nozzles is provided for. I would here remark that
the whole casing C, arranged as shown answers also the purpose of a fire-bridge or
fire-plate over the front end of the furnace. S are the ordinary fire bars.
As shown the chamber D, terininates at both ends by the casing B, and at each end
an opening A' in the casing B is formed, so that through these openings the air can
pass freely into the chamber D. Each of the openings A' will be provided with a
door, damper, valve or slide, of ordinary construction by which they may be partly
or wholly closed to regulate the amount of air passing through them.
Now the apparatus which I have above described embodies this invention, but
to enable the invention to be carried out on a more extended scale I have added
two perforated chambers B' situated in the front corners of the furnace; the
positions and extent of these chambers are indicated in Fig 1, by the diagonal
dotted lines y. The chamber D rests on these chambers B', so that by forming
openings in the bottom of D and tops of B' a direct communication is formed
between them and D. D' are openings in the casing B and corresponding openings
are made in the sides of each chamber B¹, so that the air may pass freely into the
chambers B. Each of the openings C and D' are provided with a door, damper,
slide or valve of ordinary construction by which it may be wholly or partly
closed.
The operation of the invention is as follows:-
A pressure of air or steam being provided to the pipo I, the nozzles K form a
blast in the passages H, this causes an amount of exhaustion in the chamber D;
now, if the damper or slide N is set to leave the whole or part of the openings M
uncovered, the said exhaustion will cause a considerable amount of the products of
combustion to be drawn in through the openings L, into the chambers G and
thence through the openings M into the chamber D, where they unite with the
blast of the nozzles and air, and impart to said blast the heat contained in the said
products of combustion. By partially closing the openings A¹ and M, the entrance
of air and products of combustion into the chamber D, may be regulated to suit
what is required for the amount of fuel being consumed. The chambers B' may be
brought into use, for causing a greater heat to the blast, by simply closing the
openings A, and unclosing the openings C and D', so that the products of com-
bustion and air are intermingled and heated within the chambers B', before they
pass to the chamber D.
What I claim and wish to secure by Letters Patent is as follows :—
1. The combination of a blast as described with the products of combustion
and air therewith and applied to the furnace, substantially as described.

page_text: 2nd. The combination of the chamber D, passages H, openings A¹, M and L, and
nozzle K, provided with a blast, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3rd. The combination of the chambers B', chamber D, passages H, openings M L,
damper or valve N, and nozzles K, provided with a blast, substantially as and for
the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 11th day of October A.D. 1882.