An Automatic Combined Safety and Anti-vacuum Valve:
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION:
An Automatic Combined Safety and Anti-vacuum Valve:
I, JOSEPH HORROCKS of 10 Union Street, Southport in the County of
Lancaster, Sanitary Plumber, Hot Water and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve
and is designed for domestic and other boilers and hot-water apparatus for the
prevention of accidents by explosion or collapse, for the emission of air during the
filling of boilers or hot-water pipes with water, and for admitting air in case a
vacuum or partial vacuum is formed. This I accomplish by making the body or
casing of the valve of any suitable form with a globular or concaved or other seat,
on which sits a globular or convexed or other valve provided on its upper side with
an annular stem or chamber, and which are held in position by a spring, crossbar,
and side pillars or uprights. The spring can be regulated in compression according
to the pressure at which the valve is intended to operate. The annular stem or
chamber can be provided with an annular ring or projection on which the regulating
spring will sit. The said annular ring or projection can be constructed with guides
to slide on the side pillars or uprights to ensure of the valve maintaining its correct
working position on its seat. Between the annular ring or projection and the upper
side of the valve openings are formed to admit air when the anti-vacuum valve
opens. The latter valve is attached to a stem or spindle passing upwards through
the annular stem or chamber, and is held in position by a spring regulated by a
screwed nut. My improved anti-vacuum valve can be also applied to dead-weight
and lever safety valves, the connections and parts being constructed to suit the
various kinds or makes of valves.
This automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve-whether of the spring,
dead-weight, or lever type-can be fixed to ordinary domestic or other boilers,
or to the cylinders or pipes of hot-water apparatus in any convenient manner. By
fixing this combined valve to the boiler, cylinder, or pipes connected with the boiler
or cylinder, the boiler, cylinder, or pipes will be protected in case of explosion.
Should the pressure of water air or steam exceed the resistance of the spring,
weight, or lever controlling the main valve the latter will open to allow water air
or steam to escape. If cold water should by any means be introduced into the
boiler, cylinder, or pipes when they are filled with steam and a vacuum or partial
vacuum is created the anti-vacuum valve will open and thus prevent collapse or
damage to the various parts.
Dated the 22nd April 1891.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Automatic Combined Safety and Anti-vacuum Valve.
I, JOSEPH HORROCKS of 10 Union Street, Southport in the County of
Lancaster, Sanitary Plumber, Hot Water and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in. and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to an automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve
and is designed for domestic and other boilers and hot-water apparatus for the
prevention of accidents by explosion or collapse, and for admitting air in case

page_text: a vacuum or partial vacuum is formed. This I accomplish by making the
body or casing of the valve of any suitable form with a globular or concaved
or other seat, on which sits a globular or convexed or other valve provided on its
upper side with an annular stem or chamber, and which are held in position by a
spring, crossbar, and side pillars or uprights. The spring can be regulated in com-
pression according to the pressure at which the valve is intended to operate. The
annular stem or chamber can be provided with an annular ring or projection on
which the regulating spring will sit. The said annular ring or projection can be
constructed with guides to slide on the side pillars or uprights to ensure of the
valve maintaining its correct working position on its seat. Between the annular
ring or projection and the upper side of the valve openings are formed to admit air
when the anti-vacuum valve opens. The latter valve is attached to a stem or
spindle passing upwards through the annular stem or chamber, and is held in
position by a spring regulated by a screwed nut. My improved anti-vacuum valve
can be also applied to dead-weight and lever safety valves, the connections and
parts being constructed to suit the various kinds and makes of valves.
This automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve-whether of the spring,
dead-weight, or lever type-can be fixed to ordinary domestic or other boilers, or
to the cylinders or pipes of hot-water apparatus in any convenient manner. By
fixing this combined valve to the boiler, cylinder, or pipes connected with the boiler
or cylinder, the boiler, cylinder, or pipes will be protected from explosion. Should
the pressure of water, air, or steam exceed the resistance of the spring, weight, or
lever controlling the main valve the latter will open to allow water, air, or steam
to escape.
If cold water should by any means be introduced into the boiler,
cylinder, or pipes when they are filled with steam and a vacuum or partial vacuum
is created the anti-vacuumn valve will open and thus prevent collapse or damage to
the various parts.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of one modification of my automatic combined
safety and anti-vacuum valve on the spring principle.
Fig. 2 is an outside elevation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an outside elevation of my invention with separate side pillars and
crossbar.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of my invention on the lever principle, and
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of my invention on the dead-weight principle.
In all the figures the same letters are employed to indicate corresponding
parts.
A is the body or casing; B the valve; Cannular stem or chamber; D spring;
E uprights or side pillars; F crossbar, and G anti-vacuum valve. The body or
casing A is provided with the seat H´on which sits the valve B. The latter is
attached to, or formed on, the bottom end of the annular stem or chamber C, and
is held in position on the seat H by the spring D, uprights or side pillars E, and
crossbar F. The annular stem or chamber C is provided with the annular ring or
projection on which the regulating spring D sits. The spring D can be regulated
in compression, according to the pressure at which the valve B is intended to
operate, by the screwed cap J mounted in the crossbar F attached to the uprights E.
The latter are secured to the body or casing A by the set screws K. Between the
annular ring or projection I and the upper side of the valve B are formed the
openings L to admit air when the anti-vacuum valve G opens in case a vacuum or
partial vacuum is formed in the boiler or vessel, or pipes, to which the combined
valve is attached. The anti-vacuum valve G is held against its seat M on the
underside of the valve B by the spring N in the annular stem or chamber C. The
spring N is regulated in compression by the nut on the stem P of the anti-
vacuum valve G. The uprights E can be replaced by the side pillars as shown in
Fig. 3, which are screwed into the upper flange of the body or casing A. The
upper ends of the side pillars E are screwed and provided with the nuts to secure

page_text: The
the loose crossbar F in position on the spring D, and by which the weight on the
valve B is effected according to the pressure at which the same is to operate.
crossbar F is provided with a hole or passage through which the annular stem C
passes to allow of the movements of the valve B.
In constructing my invention on the lever principle the body or casing A is
provided with the fulcrum R to which is pivoted the arm T by the centre S. The
lever T passes through a slot in the annular stem C, and is fitted with the
weight U, which can be adjusted according to the pressure at which the valve B is
intended to operate.
In adapting my invention as a dead-weight combined safety and anti-vacuum valve
the valve B is mounted on the seat H at the upper end of the body or casing A.
The
valve B is attached to the annular stem C secured to the hanging casing C. Above
the valve B are located the air inlet passages L and the projection I'. On the
latter rests the spring N to hold the anti-vacuum valve G against its seat M. The
compression of the spring N is regulated by the nut O on the stem P.
The pres
sure at which the valve B is intended to operate is regulated by the combined
weight of the stem C and casing C₁ and their adjuncts, and if necessary
additional weights D¹, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, can be added.
casing C is provided with the internal projecting screws W, which operate
between the projections V on the body or casing A to prevent the valve B,
stem C, and casing C¹ being blown away or forced from the body or casing A.
The internal diameter of the casing C₁ is made sufficiently large to admit of air
passing to the openings L in case the anti-vacuum valve G opens.
The
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The general arrangements, constructions, and combinations of parts composing
the improved automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valves for domestic and
other boilers and hot-water apparatus for the prevention of accidents by explosion
or collapse, and for admitting air in case a vacuum or partial vacuum is formed, as
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the annexed drawings.
2. In an automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve for the purposes set
forth in the preceding claim the combination of the body or casing A, valve B,
seat H, annular stem C with openings L, projection I, spring D, screw J, cross-
bar F, uprights E, anti-vacuum valve G, stem P, and nut O, substantially as
described and as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
3. In an automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve for the purposes set
forth in Claim 1 and consisting of the body or casing A, valve B, seat H, annular
stem C with openings L, projection I, spring D, anti-vacuum valve G, stem P, and
nut O, the combination of the side-pillars E, crossbar F, and nuts Q, substantially
as described and as shown in Fig. 3.
4. In an automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve for the purposes set
forth in Claim 1 and consisting of the body or casing A, valve B, seat H,
fulcrum R, centre S, lever T, and weight U, the combination of the anti-vacuum
valve G, stem P, spring N, nut O, and the air passages L, substantially as described
and as shown in Fig. 4.
5. In an automatic combined safety and anti-vacuum valve for the purposes set
forth in Claim 1, the combination of the body or casing A, valve B, seat H,
annular stem C, casing C', openings L, anti-vacuum valve G, spring N, projec-
tion 1, stem P, and nut O, substantially as described and as shown in Fig. 5.
Dated the 14th Januorv 1000
EDMUND CHADWICK, C.P.A.,
Agent.