matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Improvement in and connected with Driving-gear for Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 22nd May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in and connected with Driving-gear for Vehicles.
1 DANIEL VON DER HEYDT, of 23 Bayreutherstrasse, Berlin W., Kingdom of
Prussia, Empire of Germany do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and.
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a lever-driving-gear for vehicles of every kind..
Its purpose is to fully utilize the weight of the operator and to avoid a circular
motion of the motive organisms (the feet).
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing is a side view, Fig. 2 the plan of the new
arrangement applied to a three-wheeled vehicle is indicated by dotted lines.
The arrangement consists of two levers H, H, each carrying a link C₁ C. In-
this link the crank-pins Z₁ Z, of two cranks K, K, are gliding. The cranks K₁ K,
are placed at 180° to each other and, on their common shaft q they carry the
wheel R which transmits the power. In order to weaken the shocks caused by
uneveness of the road so as not to molest the operator, the pedal-plates t₁ t, are not
fixed stationary on the levers H, H₂ but hinge-like as shewn by Fig. 1 and the
weight of the operator acts through the springs fif, alternately on levers H₁
and H.
Points p and q must be firmly supported in suitable manner in the frame of the
vehicle.
Having pow particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
In a driving-gear for vehicles of every kind the arrangement of links gliding on.
the crank-pins on single or double-armed levers (H, H₂) in connection with elastic-
pedal-plates (1 t2), substantially as described.
ERICH PETERS,
Agent for Daniel von der Heydt..
ERICH PETERS,
Agent for Daniel von der Heydt..
Horse Shoe without Nails.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1897-Accepted, 6th Nov., 1897
CUMILITE SPECIFICATION.
Horse Shoe without Nails.
We, ALEXANDER KEMÉNY Kurschmied, and MAX STEINER, Neupest, both in
Budapest, Austria Hungary, do hereby declare the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Horse shoes, characterized by projections 6 arranged at the upper edges of
the shoes and provided with inwardly projecting hooks & Figure 1 which, after the
latter, these nails being first inserted through corresponding holes formed for this
purpose in the shoe and driven into what is called the "white line" or horn at
the lower part of the hoof, whereby such horn, which is usually weak, has to be
perforated, and becomes dried up or withered, while mud and other impurities
accumulate frequently in the "white line," causing many diseases of the hoof.
The object of this invention is to obviate all these defects by the use of a new or
improved nailless horse shoe.
The accompanying drawings show the subject matter of the invention,
Figure 1 being a side view of the horse shoe which fits the under surface of the
hoof but is not yet hammered or fitted on.
Figure 2 shows the under surface of one form of iron shoe.
Figure 3 is a cross section on line y of the same shoe.
Upon the upper edge of the horse shoe a is formed a number of projections or
tags 6 (Figure 1) carrying at their upper end, towards the horn, pointed hooks d.
When the shoe is ready for use these projections & stand backward as clearly
shown in Figures 1 and 2. After fastening the shoe to the hoof these projections
are bent inwardly so that the hooks d may enter and grip the upper side of the
hoof as shown in dotted lines in Figure 1. As the hooks are proportionately small
they only enter the outer layer of the horn and hence the hoof is not much hurt
thereby. The horse shoe can assume different forms. Figures 2 and 3 show a
form wherein a groove is cut in the lower part of the horse shoe a, which groove
is filled with india rubber e. This form has the advantage that the horse's feet
cannot clatter on a smooth ground. For such shoes no calks are required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
CLAIM.
Horse shoes, characterized by projections b arranged at the upper edges of the
shoes and provided with inwardly projecting hooks d Figure 1 which, after the
shoe is placed in position, are bent at the under surface of the hoof against the
upper side of the same so that their points & should be driven into the latter side.
Dated this 8th J
1007
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.
Prevention of Explosion in Back Boilers for Kitchen Ranges.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1897 -Accepted, 22nd Jan., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Prevention of Explosion in Back Boilers for Kitchen Ranges.
ISAAC EVANS, of 16, Fisher Road, Birkdale, in the County of Lancaster, Broker,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention has reference more particularly to low pressure boilers of
kitchen ranges, for heating water for bath or domestic purposes.
The object and effect of the present invention, is to provide for the prevention of
explosions in the before mentioned boilers which under no circumstances will
allow the accumulation of pressure or the danger of formation of a vacuum in the
said boiler but will at all times whether full or empty have an outlet directly open
to the atmosphere.
The invention is briefly described as follows.
From the top, back, or side, of any back boiler used for the aforesaid purposes
is screwed, bolted, or inserted, a metal pipe reaching within a short distance of
the bottom of said boiler, and continued upwards to above the level of cold water
supply cistern, the upper end to terminate in a bend or cistern open to the
atmosphere.
The aforesaid pipe to be well wrapped and protected from frost, as this pipe or
tube should at all times be free from any obstruction, as its principal use is called
in action when other parts of the apparatus are out of order.
The action in the aforesaid safety pipe would be as follows. The pipe being
carried to the highest point of the apparatus, would keep full of water as long as
the other pipes were supplied such water would then act as a safety valve weight,
but if from any cause the supply of water should fail, the column of water in the
pipe, or tube, would also decrease, the air taking the place of the water which
would effectually prevent the collapse of the boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be fitted, and adapted, I declare that what I
claim is:-
Any extra pipe or tube carried from the back boiler to above the level of cold
water supply cistern, other and in addition to those absolutely necessary for
circulation.
Year: 1897

page_text: HUGH ALEXANDER SHELLEY 371 King Street West Hammersmith in the County
of Middlesex Cycle Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
nanner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My Invention consists of improved apparatus for propelling Bicycles and Tricycles
whereby the increased Leverage ensures greater velocity with an economy of
exertion.
In carrying out my said Invention the Motive Power is applied at the ends of
Crank Levers being centered on a suitable fulcrum, the longer arms of levers project
forward towards the front wheel so as to be at a convenient height for the Rider's
feet. The shorter arms of Levers are turned downwards to form a return action and
are connected to gear wheel Spindle Crank by means of connecting rods which rods
are fastened in slots to vary rise and fall of same.
In order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same may be
properly understood I hereunto append a Sheet of Explanatory Drawings to be
hereinafter referred to.
The Capital Letters marked on the Drawing Sheet refer to the Machine proper.
The smaller Letters thereon indicate the component parts of the apparatus comprised
in the Invention.
Figure I is the side elevation of a Safety Bicycle. The power of the Rider is
applied by the feet to Pedals a which are fitted one on the end of the longest arm of
each Lever b same levers having a Crank c turned downward so as to form a return
action and are centered on Spindle D of the Driving Wheel E. The longer arms of
Levers project forward towards front wheel F' so as to be at a convenient height for
the Rider's feet and move up and down in slotted Guides g being connected to same
by small studs hou the end of Spindle i of the Pedal a, the shorter arms c of Levers b
are connected by Rods; to Spindle Crank K and having small Slots m to vary the
rise and fall of the Levers b; the Slotted Guides j being fixed on to bottom
bracket N of the frame and are fixed at the required point by means of clamping,
screws, or otherwise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. A form of Leverage whereby the action is returned to the centre of the
Machine. Thus enabling the apparatus herein before described to be fixed to any
Bicycle or Tricycle.
Secondly. A forin of Leverage whereby the dead level is reduced to a minimum
and the power applied most advantageously utilized.

page_text: Thirdly. A Combination of Mechanism forming an improved Velocipede as
herein before described and shewn in the annexed Drawings.
Dated this Thirtieth day of March One thousand eight hundred and ninety-
seven.
HUGH ALEXANDER SHELLEY.
Improvements in Switches for Electric Light or Power.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 12th Mar., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Switches for Electric Light or Power.
FREDERICK WILLIAM HEATON and HARRY SMITH, both of Salford Switch Works,
Sidney Street, Salford, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention has reference to an improved method of insulation between the
two contact blocks of lever or tumbler action switches as shewn by accompanying
sketch which shows 3 views of switch with cover shewn in section.
In Fig. 1 is shewn side view of switch shewing porcelain or insulating wall on
which is mounted a bracket which carries connection arm C & handle both working
separate on pin connected to bracket. The connection arm C works on each side of
wall-B as shewn in front view, Fig. 3. In centre of porcelain wall a spring and
plunger is inserted to hold contact arm C in position on or off as shewn in Fig. 1,
off, Fig. 2, on.
'
The spring also by means of a little play in handle which is flat shaped on under-
side allows the contact arm when breaking connection to fly rapidly off contact
blocks D. D.
By this method we obtain a very high insulation between the two contact
blocks D. D. there being no other brass parts mounted on base of switch, all the
component parts being mounted on top of projection or wall as shewn in Fig. 3.
The porcelain or insulation wall B dividing the two contact block D. D. so that in
pulling switch off (which is effected by handle constructed of insulated material
as shewn in Fig. 1, 2 & 3. There is no danger of getting a leakage or short circuit
across DD being separated as shewn by wall which makes a seperate chamber for
each contact block & contact maker & breaker C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention & in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1. An improvement in the insulation of tumbler or lever action switches by
means of porcelain or other insulated material wall projecting from base of switch
to cover which divides each contact block & contact maker of the switch. Each
contact block & contact maker working in seperated chambers.
2. By this method there are no component parts, other than the contact blocks
on base of switch.
3. The contact maker and handle both work on pin fixed in bracket which is
fastened by 2 screws on top of wall with plunger spring let in centre of wall, which
actuates contact maker.
4. The handle E works on same pin as contact arms, but is not fastened to con-
tact arms, both being loose on same pin.
The handle E is flat shaped on underside to catch on top side of contact arm to
turn switch on and off.

page_text: 5. By these methods we are enabled to obtain a very long break when switch is
off, and exceeding high insulation between the contact blocks.
1007
"
An Improved Pneumatic Tyre for Bicycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Pneumatic Tyre for Bicycles and other Vehicles.
WILLIAM EDWARD SELWOOD 29 Warner Place, Hackney Road London, Bootmaker
CHARLES SHAKESHAFT 47 Whitmore Road, Hoxton, London, Bootmaker JEROME
COURTNEY, 19 Craster Road Brixton Hill, London S.W., Bootmaker do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An improvement on Pneumatic Tyres, being puncture proof, will not slip or slide
and is pliable, giving much more comfort to the rider.
The Tyre being composed of an India Rubber Air Tube, with outer Cover of
Leather.
WILLIAM E. SELWOOD.
CHARLES SHAKESHAFT.
JEROME COURTNEY.

page_text: Fig. 5 shews a tyre, in which the outer cover is formed of three pieces, attached to
each other by two longitudinal seams.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2.
A is the circumferential outer cover or strip held in place upon the rim B by means
of the inflation of the inner or air tube C, which grips the edges of the outer cover A,
between the rim and the inner tube..
Referring to Fig. 3. The tyre herein shewn is of similar construction to that
above described, with the exception that the edges of the outer cover A are held in
place by the laces D.
Referring to Fig. 4. The edges of the outer cover in this figure are provided with
ridges or beads A¹ to engage corresponding recesses B¹ in the rim B. Thus when
the inner or air tube C is inflated, the beads A' will be caused to engage the corres-
ponding recesses B₁ and thus hold the outer cover firmnly in position.
Referring to Fig. 5; The construction of the tyre herein shewn is similar to that
shewn in Fig. 4 with the exception that the outer cover A is formed of three
pieces a, a¹, a² connected together by two or more circumferential rows of stitching a³.
In this case the beads or ridges A¹ are formed on the edges of the portions a¹, a2.
It is obvious that we may if preferred form the outer cover of any desired number
of pieces, or of tubular section.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :--
1. An improved tyre for bicycle and other vehicle wheels, consisting essentially of
an inner or air tube, surrounded or partly so, by an outer cover of leather or raw
hide to form a puncture resisting and hard wearing tread surface to the tyre,
substantially as described and shewn.
2. In an improved tyre for bicycle and other vehicle wheels, the outer cover A of
leather, or raw hide, made up of one or more pieces, substantially as shewn and
described.
3. In an improved tyre for bicycle and other vehicle wheels, the outer cover A of
leather, or raw hide and provided along the edges thereof with projecting beads or
ridges to engage corresponding recesses in the rim, substantially as shewn and
described.
4. The improved tyre for bicycle and other vehicle wheels, substantially as
described and shewn.
T
WILLIAM EDWARD SELWOOD.
JEROME COURTNEY.
CHARLES SHAKESHAFT.
Improvements in Culinary Utensils.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Mar., 1897-Accepted, 29th May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Culinary Utensils.
1, KIBBIE R. ACKERMANN, residing at Rochester, in the County of Olmsted,
and State of Minnesota U.S.A. Housewife do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has relation to improvements in culinary utensils, and more
particularly to that class of pot or kettle protectors in which a perforated
false bottom is employed in a pot or kettle to prevent the burning of the
contents.
The object is to provide a simple, cheap and effective device of this kind, and to
this end the novelty consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of
the same, as will be hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out
in the claim.
In the accompanying drawings the same figures of reference indicate the same
parts of the invention.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a kettle, showing my improved kettle protector
in use; and
Figure 2 is a perspective view, partly in section, of the device removed from the
kettle.
1 represents a shallow cylindrical vessel, open at the top and bottom, and provided
with integral legs 2, and an internal annular flange 3, upon which rests a removable
6 is a removable cover,.
wire gauze bottom 4, held in place by a spring ring 5.
provided with countersunk perforations 7, having a smooth surface on its upper
side.
The device is placed in the bottom of the kettle, the legs 2-2 resting on the
inside of the bottom, and a sufficient amount of water is then put into the kettle,
to about the wire gauze bottom 4. The article to be cooked is then placed on the
perforated cover 6, and the whole placed on the stove, with a comparatively air-
tight cover on the kettle. As soon as steam begins to form, it envelops the meat
or other substance, and thoroughly cooks the same without burning.
While a supply of water should always be kept in the bottom of the pot below
the perforated cover 6, at the same time, should the water be exhausted in the pot,
the contents cannot burn or become scorched, as the perforated cover prevents
actual contact with the bottom of the pot, and the gauze bottom allows a circulation
of air to carry off the heat.
The device is very efficacious and durable, and can be readily taken apart to
thoroughly cleanse the same after use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
As a new article of manufacture, a kettle protector, comprising the vessel 1
having an open top and bottom, the integral legs 2, and the integral aunular
flange 3, in combination with the removable wire gauze bottom 4, the retaining

page_text: spring ring 5, and the perforated removable cover 6, substantially as shown and
described.
Dated this 9th day of March 1897.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Breech-loading Ordnance.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Breech-loading Ordnance.
I, EDWIN DONN, of 8, Great George Street, Westminster, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to reduce to a minimum the portions of the screw
threads in the breech and on the breech block which are cut away.
For this purpose the block and hole are so shaped where the threads are cut that
each transverse section is a continuous spiral making a nearly complete (say seven-
eighths of a) turn. The spaces between the ends of the spirals are left blank.
These spirals are such that the radius at any point is greater than the radius of
the smaller end by a length proportional to the angular distance of the point from
the smaller end.
Dated this lot day of November 1907
Improvements in Breech-loading Ordnance.
I, EDWIN DONN, of 8, Great George Street, Westminster, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to reduce to a minimum the portions of the screw
threads in the breech and on the breech block which are cut away.
For this purpose the block and hole are so shaped where the threads are cut that
each transverse section is a continuous spiral, making a nearly complete (say seven-
eighths of a) turn. The spaces between the ends of the spirals are left blank.
These spirals are such that the radius at any point is greater than the radius of
the smaller end by a length proportional to the angular distance of the point from
the smaller end.
Figure 1 is a rear elevation of a breech block made according to this invention.
Figure 2 is an underside view and Figure 3 a longitudinal section on the line 3-3
Figure 1.
The part a has no screw threads upon it and preferably forms part of a cone being
circular in transverse section. In the example shown this space subtends an angle of
45° from the axis of the block. All the remainder of the curved surface of the
block has screw threads upon it, each of which forms seven-eighths of a turn of an
Pine 877

page_text: archimedian spiral and the depth of each thread must not exceed the difference
between the lengths of any two of its radii 45° apart.
The inside of the breech of the gun is provided with similar threads as is well
understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
han and huneeb blooks for guns substantially as described.
Facilitating the Passage of Light through Fog.
Year: 1897

page_text: Facilitating the Passage of Light through Fog.
A communication from abroad by FRANÇOIS AUGUSTE LEON JOSEPHI THIRY, of
Pecq, Belgium, Merchant.
I
I, FRANKLIN WISE HOWORTH, of 46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Loudon, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is well known that fog exists in the atmosphere only in calm weather, that
is to say, when there is no wind, and also that the fog is dissipated as soon as there
is a slight breeze and it has occurred to my foreign correspondent that a forced
current of air, projected in front of sources of illumination would enable the light
from such sources to penetrate the fog for considerable distances in the direction
in, which the current of air was projected the distance corresponding to the initial
pressure of the projected air.
It is therefore proposed to arrange in front of a lamp, for example a ring of
jets connected to a source of compressed air, so that on the blast of air issuing
therefrom whilst the lamp is alight, a luminous space will be produced in the fog.
This invention is applicable especially to ships' lights and will enable ships to
be navigated without danger of colliding with another ship sailing in the vicinity,
and although this application of the invention is probably the most important,
it will be found useful in many other circumstances.
The invention may be carried out in various ways without departure from its
essential feature namely the application to any source of light of a forced current
of air projected in front of said source, for the purpose of enabling it to light up
in the fog and also in vapour-laden atmospheres, areas of greater extent than the
said sources would otherwise be able to light up.
Datod this 28th day of Dana 1807
A communication from abroad by FRANÇOIS AUGUSTE LEON JOSEPH THIRY, of
Pecq, Belgium, Merchant.
I, FRANKLIN WISE HOWORTII, of 46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Chemist,, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
гD 077
Improvements in the Manufacture of Slippers.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 13th Nov., 1897
Improvements in the Manufacture of Slippers.
I, JOHN HENRY HIRST, of Whitewell Works, Waterfoot, near Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved manufacture of slipper in which the outer
sole is covered with velvet or other material preferably the same as that of which
the upper is formed. In order to apply this covering to the outer sole the latter is
secured to the inner sole at a greater distance from its edge than is usual and the
edges of the piece of fabric which covers the outer sole are tucked into the space
between the upper and the outer sole.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by refer-
ence to the accompanying drawing, in which:-
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a slipper made in accordance with my invention.
Figure 2 is a section of the same on the line 2-2 Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a section through the upper and the insole; and,
Figure 4 is a section shewing the outer sole attached to the upper and insole
and the fabric in position ready for turning up the edge around the outer sole
and tucking it in between the latter and the upper.
a is the upper which for a shoe of a given size is made. rather larger than is
usual so as to permit the edges of the said upper being lasted farther over the
insole b than is usual, for instance as shewn in Figure 3. c is the outer sole which
is secured to the inner sole at a greater distance from its edge than is usual and d
is the piece of velvet or other material which is to enclose the outer sole the said
piece of velvet after being laid upon the bottom of the sole, as shewn in Figure 4,
having its edges turned up and tucked in between the upper and the top of the
outer sole, as shewn in Figure 2.
Cement is advantageously applied between the fabric d and the outer sole in
order to prevent the said fabric from slipping or wrinkling upon the sole.
In practice I find it advantageous when making a cheap class of goods to make
the insole and outer sole of mill-board, straw-board or other inexpensive material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A slipper the outer sole of which is covered with a piece of velvet or other
fabric the edges of which are tucked between the upper and the said outer sole,
the upper being secured to the outer sole at a sufficient distance from the edge
of the latter to afford the necessary space for receiving and holding the tucked in
edge of the fabric, substantially as described.

page_text: 2. The manufacture of slippers substantially in the manner hereinbefore des-
cribed and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 7th day of October 1897.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Beer or other Taps.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Beer or other Taps.
JONATHAN VEALE, Pensioner, 70, Argyle Street, Hebburn-on-Tyne, County of
Durham. I do declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists of an arrangement for excluding hops or other foreign
substances from entering tap. The end of the tap that enters the cask or other
vessel that may be drawn from, has slotted oblong holes, which are covered over
by a screwed thimble or ferrule, this thimble being made up of fine wire gauze
which prevents hops or any foreign matter from entering taps.
JONATHAN VEALE, Pensioner, 70, Argyle Street, Hebburn-on-Tyne, County of
Durham. I do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention consists of an arrangement for excluding hops or other foreign
substances from entering taps. The end of the tap that enters the cask or other
vessel that may be drawn from has slotted oblong holes C. which are covered over
by a screwed thimble or ferule A, this thimble being made up of fine wire
gauze B, which prevents hops or any foreign matter from entering taps.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
Athletic Stays or Corsets.
Year: 1897

page_text: Athletic Stays or Corsets.
I, KASPAR FREDERICK PFISTER, 15, Fore Street, London, E.C., Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Corsets or stays for athletic exercise, made of open or net-like material to allow
the body-evaporations or exhalations to pass through, and fitted with elastic
insertions round both sides to allow the organs of breathing to expand freely.
I, KASPAR FREDERICK PFISTER, of 15, Fore Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in stays or corsets whereby they are
rendered highly elastic so that they can freely expand and contract under the action
of the heart and respiratory and digestive organs and whereby a free passage is
afforded for the evaporations or exhalations of the body.
According to my invention I make the stays or corsets in two parts or halves as
usual each part or half being formed of several sections of suitable material (prefer-
ably an open or reticulated material) arranged vertically and connected by rows
of horizontally placed strips of elastic material spaces being left between the said
strips of elastic material.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figure 1 is a front perspective view of a corset made according to my invention;
and,
Figure 2 is a rear perspective view of the same.
a and b are the two parts or halves of the corset, c, c the sections of open or
reticulated material, d, & the strips of elastic material connecting the said sections
and e, e the spaces between the strips d, d, the rows of elastic material being
conveniently placed two at the front part, two at the back and one at each side as
shewn.
The facility with which my elastic stays or corsets can yield to the action of the
heart and respiratory and digestive organs obviously renders them especially
suitable for wear when performing athletic exercises.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. A corset made of several sections of open or reticulated or other suitable
material connected by six, or other suitable number of rows of strips of elastic
material, spaces being left between the elastic strips, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
2. The manufacture and use of the improved stays or corset hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
'4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
A New or Improved Automatio Fire Alarm.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 31st May, 1897-Accepted, 3rd July, 1897
A New or Improved Automatio Fire Alarm.
I, WILLIAM KRELL of Neroberg, Wiesbaden in the Empire of Germany, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to an automatic fire alarm apparatus which is specially
suitable for use in uninhabited premises, factories and the like, because by its means
a fire that may break out on said premises is automatically notified to the watchman
of said premises.
As shown in the accompanying drawing the subject of the invention consists of a
column of mercury which is enclosed in a glass tube, and upon which rests a piston
which is caused by the expansion of the mercury due to the heat to operate a contact
of an electric circuit. The glass tube a which is made of spherical shape at its
lower part, contains the column of mercury upon the upper surface of which the
piston b is capable of moving up and down in the glass tube. The piston rod is
suitably guided in the upper end of the glass tube. Above the piston rod o there is
arranged a press button or push e of an electrical circuit d which is connected to an
aların apparatus in the room of the watchman. The glass tube a containing the
mercury is suitably fixed by means of a framing to the ceiling of the premises to be
protected; and is capable of being adjusted as regards height, according, to the
temperature at which an alarm signal is to be given. This adjustment inay be
effected conveniently by means of the screw g. It is now clear that if the
temperature should exceed the predetermined limit, the column of mercury will
expand in proportion and will raise the piston b. The latter will then, by means of
the piston rod c, press against the contact e which sets the alarm apparatus in action.
The mercury bulb is protected from external influences by the grating h.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
'
1. An automatic fire alarm apparatus characterised by a tube « arranged under
an electric contact e and containing mercury, and by a piston b situated on the mercury
column, which piston serves, for instance by means of a piston rod c, to operate the
contact e on the rising of the inercury column, as set forth.
2. An automatic fire alarm apparatus according to claim 1, characterised by the fact
that the tube a, which contains the mercury column is capable of being adjusted in
the framing by means of a screw g, for the purpose of regulating the distance of the
piston b with the piston rod c from the contact e.
Dated th18 31st day or Day 1897.
ROBERT E. PHILLIPS, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., M.I. Mech. E.,
Consulting Engineer & Patent Agent, 70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Associate Agent.
Punkah Attachment for Rocking Chairs.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Punkah Attachment for Rocking Chairs.
I, ROBERT MICHAEL FORDE, Colonial Surgeon, Bathurst, Gambia, West Africa,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
There are two uprights of metal tubing, each consisting of a lower stouter half
to be fastened to sides of chair by means of screwed brackets or screw clips, and an
upper half of smaller diameter curved forwards at upper eitremity, fitting into
lower portion by telescopic joint secured by a thumb screw to regulate height of
punkah, these are connected at upper ends by a cross bar, regulated and secured
also by thumb screws, to this is attached by means of rings the material forming
the fan to which is imparted a swinging motion by the movement of the rocking
chair.
i
J 1
D 1
Y
WOCKING Chairs.
ROBERT MICHAEL FORDE, Colonial Surgeon, Bathurst, Gambia, West Africa, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The apparatus consists of two uprights of metal tubing, each composed of a
lower stouter portion (1) to be fastened to the sides of the back of the chair by
means of screwed brackets or screw clips (2 2b); and an upper portion (3) of
smaller diameter curving forwards and fitting into lower section, forming a tele-
scopic joint which is secured by a thumb screw (4) to regulate the height of the
punkah: these are connected at their upper ends by a cross. bar (5) also fixed by
thumb screws (6), and to this bar is attached, by means of hooks and rings, the
material forming the fan (7) to which is imparted a swinging motion by the move-
ment of the rocking chair.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
My only claim is that I believe it to be a novel application of a punkah.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1897--Accepted, 21st Aug.,
1897

page_text: and cause the convex surface 64 to rest or rock upon the rack A², whereby the movable
jaw can slide upon the rod A and be set at any arbitrarily selected position. When
the jaw is released, the spring C will immediately lock it in place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A wrench, comprising a rod having a rack on the rear edge thereof and a fixed
jaw extended at right angles to the rod and a sliding jaw engaging with said rod,
said jaw having a toothed surface formed at the rear end thereof for engagement with
the said rack and a convex surface extended from the said toothed surface, whereby
the teeth may be swung out of engagement with the rack, and a spring for
maintaining the sliding jaw normally at right angles with the said rod, substantially
as shown and described.
2. In a wrench, the combination of a rod having a fixed jaw extended at right
angles therefrom and a rack formed upon the rear edge thereof, and a sliding jaw
having an aperture therethrough engaging with the said rod, said jaw having a
toothed surface for normally engaging with the said rack and a convex surface
extended from said toothed surface, and a spring for maintaining the sliding jaw in
position, substantially as shown and described.
3. In a wrench, the combination of a sliding jaw and a rod having a fixed jaw
extended at right angles therefrom, said rod having a rack formed on the rear
edge thereof and said jaw having a toothed surface engaging with said rod,
this said surface having a convex surface extended therefroin, the free end of
the jaw having a beveled inner surface and a U-shaped spring connected to the said
free end and bearing normally upon the said rod, whereby the jaw is normally
maintained at right angles with the rod, substantially as shown and described.
Dated thin 10th
1007
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Grinding and Polishing Material, and of Grinding and Polishing Tools.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 11th Sept.,
1897
Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Grinding and Polishing
Material, and of Grinding and Polishing Tools.
I, WIKTOR VON FLORYANOWICZ of 29 Zielna Warsaw Russian Poland, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention refers to the manufacture of artificial grinding and polishing
material which I call Florus and of grinding wheels grindstones and other tools made
therewith. This material forms an excellent substitute for emery and is applicable
to the grinding and polishing of very hard substances such as porcelain, glass and
steel.
For producing the material I intimately mix purified fire clay with water so as
to form a pasty mass which I dry and then burn at a temperature of about
1200 to 1300 degrees Celsius. The result is a uniformly hard product having a
hardness of 8 to 9 on the Mohs scale, or equal to that of emery.
If it should happen in case of fireclay of various qualities that it does not melt at
1200 to 1300° Celsius then I add about 10% of felspar or 2% of burnt lime.
The burnt clay is ground by rolls or edge runners and sieved through various
fine sieves so that powders of different fineness are obtained which are equal in
hardness to the Naxos emery and can be similarly applied.
To make grinding or polishing wheels or grindstones from this material I mix
intimately 40% of the grinding powder with 45% of ground fire clay and 15% of
manganese and moisten the mixture with water, press it into shape in moulds, dry
the objects so made and burn them at a heat of about 800 degrees Celsius. The
addition of the manganese serves to give the wheels or grindstones a darker
colour.
The material made by the process described is half the cost of Naxos Emery,
grinds hard materials better than the said emery and is more durable. It has also
the advantage that hardened steel treated therewith does not lose its hardness and
that but little dust is made.
This new material may be glued on to canvas, leather or paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Process for manufacture of artificial grinding and polishing material consisting
in burning purified fireclay at a temperature of about 1200 to 1300 degrees Celsius
and pulverizing it, substantially as set forth.
2. Process for rendering the material firstly claimed into grinding wheels, grind-
stones and other grinding tools consisting in mixing the grinding material with
D

page_text: fireclay and water into a paste, pressing the same in moulds, and burning the objects
moulded at a temperature of about 800 degrees Celsius, substantially as set forth.
Dated this Fifteenth day of March 1897.
JENSEN & SON,
77 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Washable Leather or Skins.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th July, 1897-Accepted, 21st Aug.,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Washable
Leather or Skins.
I, JEAN LOUIS GARCIN, of Grenoble, in the Republic of France, Glove Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
-
In order to transform raw skins into a substance which remains supple and elastic
even after desiccation and which is not subject to putrescent decay, they have been
subjected to preparations which may be divided into three categories.
1. Tanning which is operated by means of different astringent substances or by a
chromate or by chromic acid.
2. The manufacture of tawed skins;-tawing.
3. The manufacture of chamois leather chamoising.
Skins prepared especially by the two first processes, lose their suppleness and
elasticity when they are wetted.
When a tawed skin or one in course of preparation is subjected to a complete
or partial tanning either in tannine or in chroinate, which has not been done hitherto,
the skin does not lose its suppleness and elasticity by the action of water. The
skins so prepared have a new peculiarity in their being capable of being washed
in the manner of a woollen fabric; this peculiarity being convenient for certain uses
of the skins.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The improved process of treating skins consisting in first tawing and then
tanning them.
2. An improved product consisting of a washable leather formed by subjecting
the skins to a tawing and to a tanning process.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., Agents to Applicant.
Improvements in Adjustable Shades for Lamps and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 10th Apr., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Shades for Lamps and the like.
I, ARTHUR FREDERICK ESPERSEN of La Crosse, County of Lacrosse, State
of Washington, U.S.A., Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The shade of this invention is designed for use wherever it may be desirable to
use an electric light or shade on either wall, desk, table, chandelier, electrolier or
wherever it may be desired to place an electric light at different angles.
In the accompanying drawing which illustrates the invention
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a rack, forming part of the device, by itself.
Fig. 2 a perspective view of the invention complete.
Fig. 3 a plan view of the shade, shewing an incandescent lamp in position.
G is a standard in the top of which the lower end of the rack B is inserted..
This rack is preferably formed of a single wire, bent as shewn, and has a bend I'
formed near each end one of which catches under the knob E and the other catches
under the socket of the lamp.
The shade A made of any suitable material and preferably of the shape shewn,
has the knob E secured to one side not only for catching in the bend I of the
rack but for adjusting the shade into any desired position after the lamp has been
lighted. Through the end of the shade opposite the knob E is provided an
opening through which the lamp D is inserted. The knob E and a socket C
being secured to opposite ends of the shade A, form supports which catch in the
recessed portions of the frame B and hold the shade in any desired position. The
wire being elastic, the recessed portions act as springs and exert just enough.
frictional contact upon the knob and socket to allow the shade to be easily
turned, so as to throw the front end either up or down, and then hold it in the
position in which it has been adjusted.
The special features and advantages claimed for this shade or hood are its.
extreme usefulness and simplicity, being so arranged that it is adjustable in a
rack, thus allowing the light to be thrown at different angles and shading the
eyes from all evil effects of the incandescent light.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The shade having an adjusting knob secured to one end and a lamp socket to
the other end, combined with a wire supporting frame which has one recessed.
arm to receive the lamp socket and another to receive the shank of the knob,.
substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 9th day of February 1897
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
89 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant..