IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING-MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67 Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING-MACHINES, a communication to me from abroad by the Nähmaschinenfabrik
vorm. Frister and Rossmann, a joint-stock Company, of Berlin, Germany, to be as
follows:-
In the various systems of sewing-machines hitherto in use, the defect is apparent,
that the delivery of the thread is not regulated automatically, as required by the
stuff to be sewn, but, on the contrary, the length of the thread drawn off depends
on the play of the needle, and, consequently, there results a difference in the tension
with thin and thick stuffs.
Moreover, the shuttle or the shuttle-carrier is exposed to too much friction in the
shuttle-box and, again, the passage of the shuttle encounters too much resistance
from the loop, when the side of the shuttle comes in contact with the shuttle-
carrier and the shuttle-box.
With a view to obviating these defects, 'the contrivances, hereafter described,
have been devised, and these are based on the leading principle that the thickness
of the stuff determines the length of the thread, mechanically and direct, as
required by the length of the stitch; moreover, when the shuttle is in motion, it
only comes in contact with the side of the shuttle-box at the proper point, and
thus the free passage of the loop is ensured.
To accomplish this, it is necessary to employ a special kind of mechanism for
delivering the thread, and a shuttle having a peculiar motion.
The mechanism for delivering the thread consists essentially of a lever connected
with the presser-bar of the stuff, carrying a loop of thread, and which is arranged,
as follows:
To the press or holding-down-bar there is attached an arm provided with a
notch, which catches the arm of an auxiliary bar, working in two guides and
carrying a strap on its upper end, on which rests the arm of the thread-regulator.
The thread-regulator, provided with a crook or eyelet, can turn on a pivot, and is
constantly pressed against the strap or collar.
The thread is drawn through by the crook in such a manner that, in its passage,
it describes a triangle, the length of whose sides is determined by the thickness of

page_text: the stuff; in fact, the crook of the thread-regulator is raised or depressed by the
press-bar, so that, when the stuff is thin, the height of this triangle is shorter than
when it is thick, because, in the latter case, the crook is pressed downwards and
the sides of the triangle are lengthened.
Since the presser has an elastic movement, the length of the thread is regulated
automatically and accurately, according to the variations in the thickness of the
stuff, and it is unnecessary to shift the mechanism specially for the delivery of the
thread.
In order that the delivery of the thread may not be influenced by the vibration
or rapid movement of the machine and thus become irregular, a mechanical check
is attached to the tension-bar, owing to which, the thread can only be wound off at
the proper time. To control the thread, a check-spring (under which the thread
lies) is pressed upward, during a certain part of the movement, by means of a pin,
whose rear rests on a shaft provided with a cam, or a notch.
In order to ensure the shuttle only coming in contact with the shuttle-box at the..
spot where the needle-passage is situated, and, at the same time, to provide an easy
passage for the loop, the driving-axle is bedded eccentrically in the shuttle-box,
and the shuttle-carrier is directly connected with the same.
The shuttle-carrier is firmly attached to the driving-shaft and carries the shuttle
which rotates on the same.. The rear end of the shuttle rests against a driving
tooth, while its fore-end is guided by a pivoted slide or flap.
This arrangement produces the requisite movement of the shuttle, for, as soon as.
it approaches the needle-passage, owing to its eccentric rotary motion in the
shuttle-box, its point is pushed against the side of the shuttle-box by the driving
tooth, and the guide-flap, and, in conjunction with the said flap, proceeds to pick
up the loop of thread at the needle-passage.
On turning further round, the shuttle again leaves the side of the shuttle-box
and the guide-flap can recedo, so that a space remains between the shuttle and the
flap for the passage of the loop.
To protect the point of the shuttle from striking against the needle, the shuttle-
carrier is provided with a circumferential rim or guard, which, if necessary, presses
back the needle into the needle-guides, shortly before. the point of shuttle reaches
the needle-passage.
The same effect might be produced as follows:.
The shuttle-driver and the shuttle-carrier are contained in the shuttle-box, the
carrier being so fixed to the axle of the shuttle, that it has an eccentric rotary
motion in the shuttle-box, whereby the shuttle lying in the shuttle-carrier provided
with. a transporting rim, is driven to the needle-passage, close to the loop, by a
rotating shuttle-driver; during the remainder of its rotation, it is drawn back by
.the rim of the shuttle-carrier.
Owing to the eccentric motion of the shuttle-carrier, the lower part of the
shuttle-box is turned out in a corresponding manner; the shuttle-carrier is guided
with a bar in a moveable piece.
"
"
The shuttle itself is placed in the shuttle-box, is seized by the driver and
supplied with a comparatively large bobbin, the thread of which can be regulated
according to the tension.
In this case also, in order to prevent the point of the shuttle. striking against
that of the needle, the shuttle-carrier is provided with a guard which pushes the
needle back into the needle-guide, shortly before the point of the shuttle reaches
the needle-passage.

page_text: I, HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communication to me
from abroad by The Nähmaschinenfabrik vorm. Frister and Rossmann, of Berlin,
Germany, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The sewing machines of different systems show the inconvenience, that the
shuttle or the shuttlo carrier is exposed to excessive friction in the shuttle box and
besides that the passage of the shuttle through the loop encounters too much
resistance owing to the contact of the shuttle-wall with the shuttle carrier and
with the shuttle box.
To remove these drawbacks, my correspondents apply the arrangements, repre-
sented by Figs. 1-25 of the accompanying drawings.
In order to ensure the shuttle only coming in contact with the shuttle box at
the spot, where the needle passage is situated and at the same time to provide an
easy passage for the loop, the driving axle is bedded eccentrically in the shuttle
box, and the shuttle carrier is directly connected with the same.
In the machine represented by Figs. 1 to 12 of the accompanying drawing, a¹ is
the shuttle box, b¹ the driving shaft, bedded eccentrically in a¹ and c², the shuttle
carrier, rigidly connected with b and supporting and setting in rotation the
shuttle S. During its motion, the shuttle abuts with its rear extremity against
the driving tooth d' and is guided at its fore end by the flap e¹, pivoted at o.
This arrangement produces the required movement of the shuttle, for as soon as
it approaches the needle passage owing to its eccentric rotation in the shuttle box,
it is pushed with its point to the side or wall of the shuttle box a' by the driving
tooth and the guide flap e¹, and in conjunction with the said flap el, proceeds to
take up the loop of thread at the needle passage, when passing the same. By
continued rotation the shuttle leaves the side of the shuttle box, the guide-flap e¹
can recede, so that between the shuttle and the flap a space is formed for the
passage of the loop.
The respective positions of the shuttle for taking up and passing the loop are.
represented by Figs. 7-12.
To protect the point of the shuttle from striking against the needle, the shuttle
carrier is provided with a circumferential rim or guard r, which, if necessary,
presses back the needle into the needle guide, shortly before the point of the
shuttle reaches the needle passage.
The same effect, as by means of the above described arrangement, may also be
produced by the arrangement shown by Figs. 13–25.
The shuttle box contains the shuttle carrier B₁ and the shuttle driver D, the
former being so secured to the axle of the shuttle, that it has an eccentric rotary
motion in the shuttle box, whereby the shuttle lying in the shuttle-carrier, provided
with a transporting rim g¹, is driven close to the loop at the needle passage by the
centrically rotating shuttle driver D, and during the remainder of its rotation, it is
drawn back by the rim g¹ of the shuttle carrier.

page_text: The shuttle box A¹ owing to the eccentric motion of the shuttle carrier B¹,
provided with the shuttle transporting rim g', is correspondingly turned out at its
lower part. The shuttle carrier is guided with bar d in the movable piece c¹.
The shuttle proper is placed in the shuttle box, is embraced by the driver D, and
supplied with a comparatively large bobbin s, the thread of which can be regulated
with regard to its tension.
To protect the point of the shuttle from striking the point of the needle, the
shuttle carrier is provided with the guard y, which, shortly before the point of the
shuttle reaches the needle passage, pushes the needle back into the needle guide.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare, that what
I claim is
In sewing machines having revolving shuttles, a shuttle carrier c¹ (Figs. 1-12)
adapted to revolve eccentrically and provided with driving tooth d, guide flap e¹
and safety tooth z (Fig. 4).