Oils from Coke Ovens, and other similar Fluids.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 28th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 13th Sept., 1887.
Oils from Coke Ovens, and other similar Fluids.
We HENRY ELLISON of Cleckheaton in the county of York, Tar distiller, and
GEORGE EDWARD DAVIS of 301 Great Clowes Street Manchester in the county of
Lancaster, Chemical Engineer and Consulting Chemist do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
In the distillation of coal tar, the oils from coke ovens, and other similar fluids the
cold oils, often highly charged with water, are run into the still to be therein heated,
and the vapours which are thus liberated, are made to pass through a condenser, where
they are brought to a liquid state by means of a current of cooling water, which is
made to circulate through the condenser.
With fluids such as coal tar, the oils from coke ovens & so forth a very high
temperature is finally reached in the still and the heat which is carried away by the
escaping vapours is all lost; moreover there is often much water entangled amongst
the oils or tar, so that the danger of boiling over is very great, and furthermore,
much loss of time takes place, as after the residuum is run off from the still, some
time must elapse before recharging with cold oils or tar, otherwise the plates of which
the still is built, will be drawn out of shape and much damaged by the rapid
contraction during cooling.
In order to obviate these difficulties and in order to enable the still to do more work
with ease, in a given time, effecting a considerable saving in wages cooling water and
fuel we have invented the following method of working.
The apparatus we use consists of a closed boiler or tank of any shape or size
whatsoever, provided it be large enough to contain at least, one full charge of liquid
for the still, to which it is connected. In the interior of this tank or boiler are
disposed rows or coils of metallic piping, the upper end of which is connected to the
head piece or vapour pipe of the still, so as to receive the vapours coming therefrom.
The lower end of the rows or coils of piping, is connected with an ordinary
condenser supplied with water or other convenient liquid. The closed boiler or tank
is of itself connected with a condenser of any known pattern, so that the vapours

page_text: which are driven off from the contents of the boiler may be liquefied and collected.
The lower end of the closed boiler or tank, is connected by means of a discharge pipe
with the tar or oil still and placed at such a level that the still can be filled from it.
In the actual process of working, the vapours from the tar still, or oil still will pass
through the rows or coils of piping in the closed boiler or tank, and as this boiler or
tank has already been partially filled with the tar or oil to be distilled, the hot vapours
from the still will bring the contents to a state of quiet ebullition, so that by the time
the firing of the still is finished all of the water, and most of the more volatile spirits
will have been expelled and passing into the condenser, will be condensed in the
liquid form, while the contents themselves will be exceedingly hot. When the
residuum has been run out from the still, the still is immediately charged again with
the hot contents of the closed boiler or tank through the discharge pipe in its lower
extremity, and a heavy fire at once started as there is no danger of boiling over.
The closed boiler or tank is then filled up quickly with cold tar or oils and the process
above described again repeated.
In this way of working there is a great saving of fuel, and a twenty ton tar still
may be made to distil over one hundred tons of tar weekly when the tar is good.
Dated this Twenty ninth day of October 1886.

page_text: We, HENRY ELLISON of Cleckheaton in the County of York, tar distiller, and
GEORGE EDWARD DAVIS of 301 Great Clowes Street, Manchester, in the county of
Lancaster, Chemical Engineer and Consulting Chemist do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The apparatus we employ in this new method of distillation consists of a closed
boiler or tank A which must be of sufficient size to hold at least one complete charge
for the still. In the interior of this closed boiler or tank rows or coils of metallic
piping B are placed the upper end (C) of which is connected to the head piece or
vapour pipe of an ordinary still D, so as to receive the vapours coming therefrom.
The lower end of the rows or coils of piping is connected with an ordinary
condenser E supplied with water or other convenient fluid.
The closed boiler or tank A is of itself connected with a condenser G at its upper
extremity F in order to condense the vapours arising from the heated liquid of the
still, and it is also connected, at its lower extremity with the tar or oil still by means
of a discharge pipe & cock H.
In working this apparatus, with gas-tar for instance, the closed tank or boiler A,
is filled with coal tar, the still itself having been previously filled with hot tar from
this same closed tank or boiler. The still D is then to be fired, & the vapours arising
therefrom pass through the coils of pipes B in the closed tank A, heating the fluid
that is contained therein, to such an extent that by the time the still D is worked off,
the tar in the closed boiler A has parted with the whole of its water and the greater
portion of its naphtha & light oil, and has been finally heated to such a temperature,
that the still D can be charged with the hot liquid directly the pitch has been run off,
and moreover the still may be fired at any speed whatever as there is no danger of the
contents boiling over, as there is when working by the old method of distillation.
Under this system of working a twenty-ton tar still may be worked off six times
per week with ease.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
The disposition, and method of working such apparatus, substantially as is herein
set forth, for the distillation of gas-tar, coke oven oils, and other similar fluids.
But we do not claim to use any specific size or form of still, boiler, or condenser,
as any of the known forms and sizes of stills boilers and condensers may be used in
working this our invention.