IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF MANUFACTURING Artificial Fuel, BRICKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR COMPRESSED ARTICLES. AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Stone, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF
MANUFACTURING Artificial Fuel, BRICKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR COMPRESSED
ARTICLES. AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by the said Robert Stone at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
26th February 1878.
I, ROBERT STONE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
3 declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
OF MANUFACTURING ARTIFICIAL FUEL, BRICKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR COMPRESSED
ARTICLES, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
-
The means I employ to manufacture artificial fuel consist in the uso
of a novel apparatus, which consists of a divisioned shoot or trough,
which is pivoted to two strong uprights, and elevated or depressed by
means of a winch and chain. This shoot or trough receives the porous
and fibrous ingredients used in the manufacture direct from carts. It is

page_text: then elevated by the winch and chain until it discharges its contents
into a divisioned hopper placed in position underneath the shoot. Under-
neath this hopper is a mixing wheel, which is termed the dry mixer,
and alongside is a tank containing the oil, tar, or other amalgamating
and inflammable liquid. Underneath the tank is a second wheel, which
is termed the wet mixer. These mixers are set, and revolve in an
inclined hopper, or shoot, which leads the mixed material to a moulder.
The mixing wheels may be driven by any suitable mechanical means.
The moulder consists of a cylinder, divided on its circumference into
suitable divisions or moulds to receive and mould the fuel. Revolving
over the cylinder and in the same direction is a roller or compresser
which presses the fuel or material into the divisions on the cylinder.
As the cylinder revolves, the compressed shapes of fuel are discharged
on to a travelling table or apron, which takes the moulds clear of the
cylinder.
In some instances I fit each division of the moulding cylinder with a
falso bottom, which has a provision on its under side, which is actuated
by an eccentric cam placed in or alongside the cylinder, the action being
to force the material out of the moulds, and discharge it on to the
travelling table. The cylinder and compressing roller may be driven by
a spur wheel working into pinions on the cylinder and roller by straps
and pulleys, or other suitable driving means.
Where it is desirable to make the blocks rectangular, I use an octagon
instead of a cylindrical moulder. The roller or compressor is kept on
the face of the octagon by means of a spring or weighted lever, so that
as the octagon moulder passes round it makes the compressing roller
revolve over the octagon faces of the moulder, and compresses the
material into moulds or dies formed on the face of the moulder. This
arrangement is especially applicable for manufacturing bricks, building
blocks, and other similar compressed articles.
In some instances, a scraper actuated by a spring may be used in
place of the compressing roller, the scraper being forced down on the
material as it passes into the moulds or dies.
When this apparatus is used to manufacture bricks or building
materials, the clay or soil used in the manufacture is treated in similar
manner to the ingredients for the artificial fuel, the tank being filled
with water in licu of oil or inflammable liquid.
•

page_text: The dio or dies on the forming cylinder or moulder can be varied in
size or shape to suit the purposes for which the moulded materials are to
be used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Stone in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
STONE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and graut unto me, the said Robert Stone, Her special licence that I,
the said Robert Stone, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Robert Stone, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF MANU.
FACTURING ARTIFICIAL FUEL, BRICKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR COMPRESSED ARTICLES,
AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Robert Stone, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,¨
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of tho said:
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Stone, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
bo performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by'
the following statement:-
Tho means I employ to manufacture artificial fuel consist in the use
of an annaratne, which may consist of divisioned shoot

page_text: which is pivoted to two strong uprights, and elevated or depressed by
means of a winch and chain. This shoot or trough receives the porous
and fibrous ingredients used in the manufacturo direct from carts. It is
then elevated by the winch and chain until it discharges its contents
into a divisioned hopper placed in position underneath the shoot. In
place of the divisioned shoot, the ingredients may be fed into tho
divisioned hopper by any suitable system of elevators. Underneath this
hopper is a mixing wheel, which I term the dry mixer, and alongside is
a tank containing the oil, tar, or other amalgamating and inflammable
liquid. Underneath the tank is a second wheel, which I term the wet
mixer. These mixers are set, and revolve in an inclined hopper or
shoot, which leads the mixed material to a moulder. The mixing wheels
may be driven by any suitable mechanical means. The moulder consists
of a cylinder divided on its circumference into suitable divisions or
moulds to receive and mould the fuel. Revolving over the cylinder 1
and in the same direction is a roller or compresser, which pressos the
fuel or material into the divisions on the cylinder. As the cylinder
revolves, the compressed shapes of fuel are discharged on to a travelling
table, apron, or tray, which takes the moulds clear of the cylinder.
In some instances I fit each division of the moulding cylinder with a
falso bottom, which has a provision on its under sido, which is actuated
by an eccentric cam or spring placed in or alongside the cylinder, the
action being to force the material out of the moulds, and discharge it on
to the travelling table. The cylinder and compressing roller may be
driven by a spur wheel working into pinions on the cylinder and roller a
by straps and pulleys, or other suitable driving means.
Where it is desirable to make the blocks rectangular, I use an octagon
instead of a cylindrical moulder. The roller or compresser is kept on
the face of the octagon by means of a spring or weighted lever, so that
as the octagon moulder passes round, it makes the compressing roller
revolve over the octagon faces of the moulder, and compress the
material into moulds or dies on the face of the moulder. This arrange-
ment is especially applicable for manufacturing bricks, building blocks,
and other similar compressed articles.
In some instances, a scraper actuated by a spring may be used in g
place of the compressing roller the scraper being forced down on the

page_text: When this apparatus is used to manufacture bricks or building
materials, the clay or soil used in the manufacture is treated in similar
manner to the ingredients for the artificial fuel, the tank being filled
with water in lieu of oil or inflammable liquid.
The dio or dies on the forming cylinder or moulder can be varied in
size or shape to suit the purposes for which the moulded materials are to
be used.
The before-going being the nature, object, and purposes of my Inven-
tion, I will now proceed to describe more in detail how the same may bo
carried into practical effect, and for that purposo I have hereunto
attached a Sheet of Drawings marked with letters and figures of reference
corresponding with those in the following explanation; liko letters and
figures denote similar parts throughout the various views.
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of an apparatus constructed
according to this Invention, Figure 2 being an end view of same; these
two figures are drawn to the scale of one inch to the foot.
Figure 3 is an enlarged partial ond view of the moulding cylinder;
Figuro 4 is a side elevation of Figure 3, shown partially in section.
The apparatus consists of a divisioned shoot or trough A, which is
pivoted at B to two strong uprights O. The shoot A is clevated or
depressed by the winch D and chain E. The shoot A receives the dry
ingredients direct from carts. It is then elevated, and discharges its
contents into a divisioned hopper F. Underneath this hopper is a
mixing wheel G, termed the dry mixer, and adjoining the hopper is a
tank H, which contains oil, tar, petroleum, or other amalgamating
liquids. Underneath the tank II there is a second wheel or series of
wheels K, which are termed the wet mixer or mixers. These wheels or
mixers are set, and rovolvo in an inclined shoot L. This shoot, if
necessary, may be fitted with a feeding worm or screw, to lead and forco
the mixed material to a moulding cylinder M. The moulder M. consists.
of a cylinder divided on its circumference into suitable divisions or
moulds N, to receive and mould the fuel. Revolving over the moulding
cylinder M is a roller or compresser P, which presses the fuel or other
material into the divisions N as the moulder revolves. The compressed
shapes of fuel or other material are discharged on to a travelling tray R,
which takes the moulds clear of the moulder. The divisions N of the

page_text: moulder M are fitted with false bottoms S, which are actuated by springs,
or a cam, or eccentric motion, so that the fuel is forced out of the
moulds, and delivered to the travelling tray (see Figure 4).
The moulding cylinder and compressing roller, also the mixing wheels
and travelling tray or table, may be driven by any suitable means, as
will be understood.
In lieu of using the divisioned shoot A, a bucket clevator, as shown in
dotted lines at T, may be used. This clevator discharges the material
into a trough, and thence to the hopper F. The bucket elevator can
be driven by any suitable moans.
This apparatus for moulding fuel can also be used to manufacture
bricks or building materials, clay or soil used in the manufacture being
treated in similar manner to the ingredients used for the artificial fuel,
the tank H in this case being filled with water in lieu of inflammable
liquid. The die or dies N on the moulding cylinder can be varied in
size or shape to suit the purposes for which the moulded materials are
to be used.
Having now described the nature, object, and purposes of this my
Invention, and explained how the same may be carried out into practical
effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the
exact dimensions or style of the apparatus as shown in the Drawings,
as the same may be considerably varied without departing from my
Invention, but what I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters
Patent, as aforesaid, is,―
Firstly. The apparatus for manufacturing and moulding artificial fuel,
also bricks and other like building materials, consisting of the divisioned
shoot A or clevator T in combination with the divisioned hopper F,
tank II, mixing wheels G, K, shoot L, moulding cylinder M, compressing
roller P, travelling tray or apron R, working substantially in the manner
and for the purposes as herein-before described and set forth.
Secondly. Manufacturing or moulding artificial fuel, bricks, or other
like building materials by passing the same between two rollers, the
circumference of one roller being set off or divided into dies or moulds,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein-before described
and set forth.

page_text: Thirdly. The method of emptying the moulds or dies, and delivering
the moulded materials on to a travelling tray or apron by the means of
cams, springs, or eccentrics and falso bottoms, substantially in the
manner and for the purposes as hercin-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Stone, havo hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Twenty-second day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and soventy-three.
Witness,
FREDERICK JOHN CHEESBROUGH,
of 15, Water Street,
Liverpool.
ROBERT (L.S.) · STONE.