IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- PACTURE OF STARCH
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Comte Camille Cavalli de St. Germain, of Piedmont,
Ex-Officier d'Artilleric Sarde, and of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Lon the Lavention of 11 THODAHNS
MAX OR STARCH"
for the Invention of " IMDAD
MAXUDAMUDE OR
STARCH
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Comte Camille Cavalli
de St. Germain at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 6th March 1858.
I, Comte CAMILLE CAVALLI DE ST. GERMAIN, of Piedmont, Ex-Officier
d'Artillerie Sarde, and of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF STARCH," to be as follows:-
To make starch from damaged or good wheat, rice, and other cereals, the
material to be operated upon is well washed and broken or ground, and then
submitted to the action of pure acetic acid of about nine degrees of
centigrade, in the proportion of about two ounces to three ounces and a half
to a pound of gluten (contained in the material), mixed with water equal to
three times the quantity of gluten; a paste is thus formed, which must be well
stirred in a vat, so that the acidulated water may act equally on the molecules.
It is then allowed to rest one or two hours, then stirred again; this operation
is continued for six or eight hours, then water is added sufficient to dissolve
the paste, and continue to stir until the gluten is dissolved, which according to

page_text: the quality of the wheat or other material will be from twelve to twenty hours,
often less. The whole is then allowed to settle, the dirty water taken off, and
the bran is seperated, and the starch may be obtained in the usual manner, or
by preference by causing the starch, dissolved in a large quantity of water, to
flow slowly down an inclined table or stage, so that the starch is deposited
thereon in a pure state, while the water runs off. The starch is then removed
from the table, put into moulds, and dried in the stove.
In operating on damaged or even on good wheat it may sometimes be con-
venient (in order to completely purify the starch), when the gluten is dissolved
by the acetic acid, to submit the paste to the action of a solution (warm)
composed of soda, alum, chloride of lime, sulphate of magnesia, & sulphate of
potash, in proportions varying according to the quality and damaged state of
the wheat or other cereals.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Comte Camille Cavalli de St. Germain in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 6th September 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Comte
CAMILLE CAVALLI DE ST. GERMAIN, of Piedmont, Ex-Officier d'Artillerie
Sarde, and of 32, Essex Street; Strand, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the 6th day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the 21st year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give, and grant unto me, the
said Comte Camille Cavalli de St. Germain, Her special licence,, that I,
the said Comte Camille Cavalli de St. Germain, my executors, administra
tors, and, assigns, or such others as I, the said Comte Camille Cavalli
de St. Germain, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully. might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN:
THE MANUFACTURE OF STARCH," upon the condition (amongst others) that I
the said Comte Camille Cavalli de St. Germain, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the

page_text: same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Comte Camille Cavalli de St.
Germain, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
In making starch from sound or damaged wheat, rice, or other suitable
cereals, the material to be operated upon is washed in water and reduced to
powder. My Invention consists in then submitting it to the action of acetic
acid of about nine degrees centigrade, in the proportion of about two ounces to
three and a quarter ounces to each two or two and half pounds of gluten con-
tained in the material operated upon, mixed with sufficient quantity of water,
and which I prefer to be at least 15° centigrade of heat. It is then slowly and
frequently stirred until the gluten is dissolved, and afterwards allowed to settle,
so that the dirty water can be removed. The production of starch may be
improved by washing it in a solution consisting of about equal quantities of
chloride of lime, soda or potash, allum and magnesia, in the proportion of about
2 pounds of these ingredients to a sufficient quantity of water to reduce 200
pounds of starch to the consistency of cream. I prefer to use a warm
solution. It is then rapidly stirred, water is added to assist the deposit of the
starch, which is then allowed to take place. The starch or deposit thus
obtained is drained of the water, and again washed in clean water, & then
purified and dried in the usual way.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which it may be carried into effect, I claim the manufacture of starch as
herein described as of my Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Comte Camille Cavalli de St. Germain,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this First day of September,
in the year of our Lord 1858.
CTE CAMILLE CAVALLI DE ST. GERMAIN. (L.S.)