Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 9th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 20th July, 1888
We, EDWARD BAGALEY WILLIAMS, Manager, and JAMES CLIFFORD MORGAN
Commercial Traveller, both of the Masbro' Works, Rotherham in the County of York
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of Fire Grates, and has
for its object first, the consumption of smoke, second, ventilation in summer without
soot or dirt, third, preventing the usual effects of down draught, intense heat by the
peculiar construction of the back, and other consequent results.
In carrying out our invention we make the Grate of any suitable ornamental or
plain design. We make the back of the grate of fire brick in the form of a chair the
face of which is concave in the lower portion and convex in the upper portion, thus
causing the upper to project over the lower portion.
At a suitable height we make a number of holes through the back, so as to form a
communication with the flue which is arranged to pass at the back of the fire brick, as
well as having the usual opening above the fire.
On the top of the lower portion of the brick back and connected therewith we fix a
fire brick Radiator which acts as a smoke door to open or close the usual flue opening,
the lower edge of which is hinged and turns in a matrice or groove or on a hinge or
joint of any description, the whole length or any part of the length of the lower back
or in an iron matrice or groove of the same or similar formation, the full length or
any portion of the length of the lower back, the length to be considered to be across
the back in a longitudinal direction, this Radiator may also work on a pivot, trunnion
or swivel without the matrice hinge or joint or it may be made with projecting side
horns travelling in the arc of a circle on side cheeks in the form of a quadrant
or it may work by friction alone, between the metal or brick side cheeks. This
radiator when closed or open leans forward at an angle such as will radiate the heat
from the fire into the room, the products of combustion when it is closed passing
through the before mentioned apertures into the back flue.
We prefer to make the bottom of the fire, of solid fire brick; that is without
apertures for the admission of air to the underside of fire, and we admit air to the

page_text: back flue by means of a hit and miss slide under the fire bars or from the outside.
Thus when the top door is closed and the smoke and other gases are passing through
the holes in the fire brick back, the current of air passing from the room (or other
source) up the back flue, meets the gases or free carbon and promotes complete
combustion.
In cases of down-draught in the chimney it is advisable to put the top door in a
vertical or nearly vertical position, it thus divides the draught, and tends to increase
the currents through the holes in the back.
Although we have described, and prefer to use a solid or unperforated fire brick
bottom to the Grate as conducive to the more perfect combustion of the fuel, we may
however use an ordinary metal bottom-grate or a perforated brick bottom if desired
with a close fret or ashes screen.
AL 1
1
1007
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: We EDWARD BAGALEY WILLIAMS, Manager, and JAMES CLIFFORD MORGAN
Commercial Traveller, both of the Masbro' Works, Rotherham in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention relates to improvements in the construction of Fire Grates, having
for its object, first, the better consumption of smoke; second, ventilation without
dirt; third, preventing the usual effects of down draught.
The annexed sheet of drawings represents a sectional view of a Fire-grate made
according to our invention.
In carrying out our invention we make the Grate of any suitable design or pattern
either plain or ornamental.
The back of the grate, A, we make of fire brick, the face being slightly concave, as
shown, and at a suitable height we make a number of holes B through the back and
communicating with the flue, but these openings are not essential to the invention.
On the top of the fire brick back A, we fix a fire brick door or deflector C, its lower
edge, and the top edge of the back A being shaped to correspond, and fit together.;
forming a butt joint or hinge D, upon which the deflector C can be turned, so as to
open or close the communication with the back part of the flue E.
When the Deflector C is closed, as shown in the drawing, it leans forward at a
suitable angle for deflecting the heat from the fire into the room, and the products of
combustion pass through the holes or slots B into the back flue; a door may also be
placed at F, communicating with the upper part of the flue, and which may also be
opened as desired.
In some cases we make, instead of the bottom-grate G, a solid slab of fireclay,
without any apertures for the passage of air, and we admit air to the back flue
through a hit-and-miss slide H under the firebars; thus when the smoke and other
gases are passing through the holes in the firebrick back A, the current of air passing
up the back flue, from the slide H, meets the gases or free carbon, and promotes
complete combustion.
We prefer also to make the sides of firebrick suitably shaped and having a rebate
or shoulder for the face, or edges of the face of the deflector C, to rest against when
in the position shown.
In case of down draught in the chimney the deflector should be raised to a vertical
position or thereabouts as indicated by the dotted lines, it thus divides the draught,
and increases the strength of the currents through the holes B.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is―
1-A Fire-grate, constructed substantially as herein before described, and illustrated.
2-In a domestic Fire-grate, the combination of a firebrick back (A) with the
adjustable deflector (C) acting in the manner described and shown.
3 In a domestic Fire-grate, an adjustable firebrick deflector (C) working or
turning on its bottom edge, for the purpose specified substantially as described and
shown.
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicants.