IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST STEEL AND OTHER METALLIC TUBES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Brown, of Park Wood Springs,
Sheffield, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST STEEL AND OTHER METALLIC TUBES.”
Sealed the 23rd June 1865, and dated the 30th December 1864
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Brown
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th December 1864.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BROWN, of Park Wood Springs, Sheffield, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST STEEL AND OTHER METALLIC TUBES," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in arrangements whereby I am enabled to produce
cast-steel and other metallic tubes without a seam. In order to effect this
I employ a mandril upon which is placed a heated collar of the material of
which the tube is to be formed. This collar is then submitted to the action
of rollers which roll the metal out upon the mandril and thus form the tube.
I propose to form the mandril with projecting parts, which determine the
gauge of the tube, and to fix it during the operation of rolling by an abutment
at one end, by holding it at the other, or by both of these arrangements. I
also propose to support the said mandril between the pairs of rollers, which
supports may be removed as the tube advances by any ordinary mechanical
motion. The rollers may consist of several pairs arranged one after another
in the direction of the mandril with their axes in one plane, but I.propose to

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Henry Brown in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 30th June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HENRY BROWN, of Park Wood Springs, Sheffield, in the County of York,
•send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-ninth year
of Herereign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Henry Brown, Her special license that I, the said
William Henry Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Henry Brown, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST STEEL AND OTHER METALLIC
TUBES," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said William Henry
Brown, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next aud-immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Henry Brown, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say) :-
.
My Invention consists in an arrangement whereby I am enabled:to produce
cast steel and other metallic tubes without a seam. In order to effect this
I employ a mandril upon which is placed a heated collar of the material of
which the tube is.to be formed. This collar is then submitted to the actiou
of rollers which roll the metal out upon the mandril and thus form the
tube. The mandril I form with projecting parts which determine the guage
of the tube, and I fix it during the operation of rolling by an abutment at one

page_text: end, by holding it at the other, or by both of those arrangements. I also propose
to support the said mandril between the pairs of rollers, which supports ma
be removed as the tube advances. The rollers may consist of several pairs,
and these pairs I dispose alternately with their axes at an angle to each
other.
Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings illustrate my Invention, the
former being a side elevation and the latter a plan view of the machinery ; I
employ some ordinary parts, such as a portion of the framework, and the
bearings for the rollers being omitted.
At a, a¹, are two pairs of ordinary rollers, as used for rolling metals, mounted
in any suitable framework, the axes of the said rollers being horizontal at b;
bare two other pairs of such rollers with their axes in a vertical direction.
At c is the mandril upon which the tube is to be rolled, and which mandril is
shewn detached at Fig. 3; one end thereof is fitted into a socket formed in a
cross bar & which is connected to the framework of the machine by rods e.
In order to support the mandril I employ the apparatus shewn at Fig. 4; it
consists of two bars f, g, carried by screws h, 2, which screws are right-handed
in one bar and left-handed in the other; by turning, therefore, a toothed wheel k
gearing into pinions l, m, upon the screws h, i, the said screws will cause the
bars f, g, to separate from or advance towards each other. The bars f, g, are
placed in grooves o formed in the standards of the machine, the mandril c
passing through the orifice p, and the said mandril is therefore supported by
the bars f, g, which may be made to clip it by means of the screws h, i. In
the Drawing but four pairs of rolls a, b, are shewn, but I usually employ six
or eight pairs disposed alternately at right angles, or at another angle, to each
other. The mandril c is provided with a series of projecting parts 2 corre-
sponding to the internal guage of the tube to be rolled, and there is one of
these projecting parts at every point in the length of the mandril which
corresponds to the bite of a pair of rolls. At the commencement of working
the machine the mandril is situate, as shewn in the Drawing, against the
abutment d, and the bars f, g, are screwed together so as to support the said
mandril. A heated collar of cast steel or other metal is now applied to the
first pair of rolls a, as shewn at r, and colored red. The rolls being now
caused to revolve by any suitable arrangement of gearing will draw the metal
forward, the one delivering it to the other and rolling it upon the guage
pieces 9, and as the grooves in the rolls decrease successively after the ordinary
manner of rolling down metal, a tube lengthened out from the collar will be
the result. During this operation it is, however, necessary to remove the
support f, g, of the mandril in order to allow the tube to pass as the tube

page_text: approaches the support; this is done by turning the wheel so as to separate
the bars f. g. It has been observed that only four pairs of rolls are shewn in
the Drawings instead of a greater number, which I usually employ in like
manner. Two supports only f, g, are shewn for the mandril, but I apply such
supports between each pair of rollers or at other intervals.
A method which may be adopted for removing the finished tube is as
follows: The mandril c is double or somewhat more the length of tube to
be rolled, the half which extends beyond the last pair of rolls being without
the projections 9, which, as above described, act as guages for the internal
diameter of the tube, when, therefore, the tube has passed the last pair of rolls
the manufactured tube lies loosely upon the mandril. The cross bar d, which
has taken the thrust of the mandril during the operation of rolling is
supported by a screw jack z, and the rods e by which it is connected to the
framework are mounted so as to be capable of turning upon joints at y.
The tube having been finished and lying loosely on the mandril, the screw is
turned so as to allow the bar d to turn downward upon the centres y; this
will liberate the end of the mandril and the tube may be drawn therefrom,
the jaws f, g, being closed to hold back, the mandril.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be under-
stood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters
Patent,
Firstly, rolling tubes of cast steel or other metal from a collar by means of
two or more pairs of rollers placed as regards their axis at an angle to each
other.
Secondly, the use of a mandril for the aforesaid purpose having projections
thereon as illustrated at q.
Thirdly, the use of a moveable support for the mandril as illustrated
at f, g.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry Brown, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five:
DROWZAT
S
W. E. BROWN. (..)