CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Taylor, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 3rd October 1862, and dated the 9th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Taylor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
April 1862.
I, WILLIAM TAYLOR, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON
OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, firstly, of a simple and effective arrangement of
apparatus in the drawing frame for preventing the passage of single drawing
from the rollers to the coiler motion, or undue waste of material through rollers
lapping. By the instant stoppage of such machine if the sliver becomes
broken, or when a snarl or lump is formed that cannot pass through the cone
trumpet, or guide. This is accomplished as follows:-On the rocking shaft
(connected with the stop motion) there is fixed a projecting two pronged fork, so

page_text: formed that on the rocking shaft turning or moving the prongs are inserted in
corresponding slots of a bracket attached to the back of the roller beam in
connection with which there is a rod or lever hung on adjusted centres so as
to move a lateral part of a circle, on the end of which rod or lever in immediate
vicinity to the coiler, is fixed a single or double hollow cone trumpet or guide,
the reverse end of which rod or lever extends to the bracket attached to the
roller beam and rests on the space between the slots when the machine is in
motion. It will thus be observed that as the drawings pass from the rollers
through the hollow cones, trumpets, or guides to the coiler (and thence into
the cans) that if one drawing becomes severed through lapping on the roller
or from other cause the stress or strain upon the opposite side of the conc
trumpet or guide by the remaining drawing pulling at an angle from its centre
will cause the same to move in a lateral direction and thus move the other end.
of the rod or lever from its original position between the slots, placing it
immediately over one of the slots; the descending prong of the fork coming in
contact with the end of which rod or lever by the resisting power given stops.
the machine, thus preventing further waste and loss; the effect would also be
similar when snarls or lumps are formed and cannot pass through the single
or double hollow cones, trumpets, or guides.
Secondly, an arrangement of apparatus for the stoppage of the drawing
frame on any given or desired weight or length of drawing being deposited
in the cans so as to prevent waste and damage to the drawings through the
cans becoming overcharged. This is effected by having on the back roller
a worm, working in which is a small pinion fixed on a vertical shaft on which
at the other end is placed a worm working in a pinion of a larger size, in the
side of which is a short slot in which is fixed by means of a spring a project-
ing stud on the wheel; having made one revolution the stud comes in contact
with a projection on a sliding bar or rod supporting a lever and pushing
the same forward liberates the lever which in turn acts upon a tumbler so as
to stop the machine by contact with a lever on the rocking shaft connected to
the stop motion.
Thirdly, an arrangement of apparatus for preventing single slubbings or
rovings from passing on to the bobbin, and when an end breaks through
roller lapping or from other cause, the machine or frame is instantly stopped.
On the roller beam is fixed a bracket supporting a lever or rod balanced with
pivot centres and so arranged as to cause the depression of one end by the
slubbing or roving passing over a round or flat surface or through a small
trumpet or guide fixed on the end of the rod or lever, whilst the opposite end

page_text: is elevated above a projecting portion of the bracket in which works a rod,
motion being given to the same by its connection with a shaft behind the
roller beam, which having a reciprocating movement slides the rod backward
and forward the rod or lever being so balanced and adjusted as to be held
in a depressed state at one end by the pressure of the slubbing or roving
(between the rollers and the flyer) and elevated at the other end, so to be free
from contact with the sliding rod; it will be clearly percieved that if the.
resisting power become lessened in consequence of a single slubbing or roving
breaking the end of the rod or lever (in contact with the remaining slubbing
or roving or when both ends are broken) will rise and thus depress the opposite
end so that on the sliding rod, on the reciprocative movement shaft coming in
contact with the end of the balanced rod or lever, the machine will be
instantly stopped by connection with the stop motion. And further when the
machine has doffed and is ready for work, the ends being slack, there is passed
under the ends of the levers a rod which by means of inclined planes on being
moved raises the levers out of the way of the sliding rod, on the ends becom-
ing tightened the rod is drawn back so as to suffer the levers to fall into their
proper position.
Fourthly, an arrangement of apparatus to be applied to warping and
winding frames and bobbin or cop reels so that if any one end or thread
breaks, the frame or machine is instantly stopped. In warping and winding
on frames each end or thread passes over a rod or roller and through a hole
or eye in the lower part of a thin flat plate (the thin edge of the plate being
in line with the end or thread), which having a slot cut a portion of its length
and a bar passing through the same (less in depth than the length of the slot),
the end or thread after being passed through the hole or eye in the plate is
passed over another rod or roller; when the ends or threads are passing over
the rods or rollers, and through the holes or eyes in the plates, the play
in the slots allows the plates to become elevated, but there being a rocking
shaft connected with the stop motion working with projecting catches immic-
diately below the plates (when the same are raised up by the ends or threads)
it will be seen that if any one end or thread breaks the plates through which
it had passed would of its own gravity fall, and on the rocking shaft catch
coming in contact with the same the frame would be stopped. The
5 same principle applies to cop or bobbin reels, but round pegs would in these
machines be more preferabale.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Taylor in the. Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
October 1862.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
TAYLOR, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
or such
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Taylor, Her special license that I, the said
William Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
others as I, the said William Taylor, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PRE-
PARING AND SPINNING COTTON OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Taylor, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Taylor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention consist, firstly, of a simple and effective arrangement of
apparatus in the drawing frame for preventing the passage of drawing from
the rollers to the coiler motion, or undue waste of material through rollers
lapping by the instant stoppage of such machine, if the sliver becomes broken
or when a snarl or lump is formed that cannot pass through the cone, trumpet,
or guide. This is accomplished as follows:-On the rocking shaft (connected
with the stop motion,) there is fixed a projecting two-pronged fork, so formed
that on the rocking shaft turning or moving, the prongs are inserted in

page_text: corresponding slots of a bracket attached to the back of the roller beam, in
connection with which there is a rod or lever hung on adjusted centres, so as
to move a lateral part of a circle, on the end of which rod or lever, in imme-
diate vicinity to the coiler, is fixed a single or double hollow cone, trumpet, or
guide, the reverse end of which rod or lever extends to the bracket attached
to the roller beam, and rests on the space between the slots, when the machine
is in motion. It will thus be observed, that as the drawings pass from the
rollers through the hollow cones, trumpets, or guides, to the coiler (and thence
into the cams), that if one drawing becomes severed through lapping on the
roller, or from other cause, the stress or strain upon the opposite side of the
cone, trumpet, or guide, by the remaining drawing pulling at an angle from
its centre, will cause the same to move in a lateral direction, and thus move
the other end of the rod or lever from its original position between the slots,
placing it immediately over one of the slots, the descending prong of the fork
coming in contact with the end of which rod or lever, by the resisting power
given, stops the machine, thus preventing further waste and loss; the effect
would also be similar when snarls or lumps are formed that cannot pass
through the single or double hollow cones, trumpets, or guides.
The second part of my Invention consists of an arrangement of apparatus
for the stoppage of the drawing frame on any given or desired weight or
length of drawing being deposited in the cans, so as to prevent waste and
damage to the drawings through the cans becoming overcharged. This is
effected by having on the back roller a worm working, in which is a small
pinion fixed on a vertical shaft, on which, at the other end, is placed a worm
working in a pinion of a larger size, in the side of which is a short slot, in
which is fixed, by means of a spring, a projecting stud on the wheel; having
made one revolution, the stud comes in contact with a projection on a sliding
bar or rod supporting a lever, and pusbing the same forward liberates the lever,
which in turn acts upon a tumbler, so as to stop the machine by contact with
a lever on the rocking shaft connected with the stop motion.
The third part of my Invention consists of an arrangement of apparatus for
preventing single slubbings or rovings from passing on to the bobbin, and
where an end breaks through roller lapping, or from other cause, the machine
or frame is instantly stopped. On the roller beam is fixed a bracket supporting
a lever or rod balanced with pivot centres, and so arranged as to cause the
depression of one end by the slubbing or roving passing over a round or flat
surface, or through a small trumpet or guide fixed on the end of the rod or
lever, whilst the opposite end is elevated above a projecting portion of the

page_text: bracket, in which works a rod, motion being given to the same by its
connection with a shaft behind the roller beam, which, having a reciprocating
movement, slides the rod backward and forward, the rod or lever being so
balanced and adjusted as to be held in a depressed state at one end by the
pressure of the slubbing or roving (between the rollers and the flyers), and
elevated at the other end, so as to be free from contact with the sliding rod;
it will be clearly perceived that if the resisting power becomes lessened, in
consequence of a single slubbing or roving breaking, the end of the rod or
lever (in contact with the remaining stubbing or roving, or where both ends are
broken, will rise, and thus depress the opposite end, so that on the sliding rod
connected with the reciprocative movement shaft coming in contact with the
end of the balanced rod or lever, the machine will be instantly stopped by
connection with a stop motion as applied to drawing frames, and further, when
the machine has doffed, and is ready for work, the ends being slack, there is
passed under the ends of the levers a rod which, by means of inclined plains,
on being moved raises the levers out of the way of the sliding rod.
The fourth part of my Invention consists of an arrangement of apparatus to
be applied to warping and winding frames, and bobbin or cop reels, so that if
any one end or thread breaks, the frame or machine is instantly stopped. In
warping and winding frames each end or thread passes over a rod or roller,
and through a hole or eye in the lower part of a thin flat plate (the thin edge
of the plate being in a line with the end or thread), which, having a slot cut a
portion of its length, and a bar passing through the same (less in depth than
the length of the slot), the end or thread after being passed through the hole
or eye in the plate is passed over another rod or roller, when the ends
or threads are passing over the rods or rollers, and through the holes or eyes
in the plates; the play in the slots allows the plates to become elevated, but
there being a rocking shaft connected with the stop motion, working with
projecting catches immediately below the plates, (when the same are raised up
by the ends or threads, it will be seen that if any one end or thread breaks,
the plate through which it had passed would of its own gravity fall, and on the
rocking shaft catch coming in contact with the same the frame would be
stopped. The same principle applies to cop or bobbin reels, but round pegs
would in these machines be more preferable.
In order to explain my
Inventions as completely as possible, I have annexed to these Presents
2 Sheets of Drawings, illustrative of the best means I ain at present acquainted
with for carrying my said Inventions into practical effect, and have marked
the said Drawings with numeral figures and letters of reference, similar

page_text: letters being employed to denote corresponding parts, in so far as such parts
appear or can be seen at each of such said Figures respectively, as follows:-
In Sheet 1, Figure 1, is shewn an end elevation of the first part of my
.Invention. Figure 2 is a plan of the same; "a" is the rocking shaft
connected with the stop motion "," the fork fixed on the shaft "a," the prongs
.of which are inserted into the slots of the bracket "c," as shewn at "d, d;" each
time the rocking shaft "a" rotates towards the rollers "e¹, e, and e³;" "f" is
the rod or lever hung on adjusted centres at "g," so as to move in a lat. ral
direction; thus, if the sliver (as shewn at h', ), becomes severed or broken
either at or h², the fibre passing through the cone, trumpet, or guide "i"
will move the rod or lever "f" from its original position, and the unsevered
sliver having a greater degree of tension draws it from the other, and thus
moves the opposite end of the lever "f" placing it over one of the slots "d, d,”
as shewn in Fig. 3; the pronged fork "6" coming in contact with the lever
"f" stops tbe machine by its connection with the ordinary stop motion,
as applied to drawing frames.
Figures 4 and 5, Sheet 1, illustrate the second part of my Invention; "a"
shews the back roller with worm working in the pinion "b" on the upright
shaft "c," held in position by bracket "d;" attached to the roller beam "e" is
the worm on the upright shaft "c," working in the larger pinion "f;" the stud
"g" slides into the box "h," (in place of working in a slot) and there being a
spring enclosed in the box "h," the stud "g" is held in a position to move the
sliding bar or rod "," by contact with the projection "k," having moved which
the lever "" is liberated by the rest "m," attached to the sliding rod "," being
reinoved, the spring "n" draws down this end of the lever "," and raising the
other end, the stud "o" attached to which acts upon a tumbler connected with
the stop motion, and stops the machine.
The third part of my Invention is illustrated in Figure "6," Sheet "1." "a" is
the rocking shaft fixed behind the roller beam "," and "c" shews the position
of the sliding rod with its connection to the rocking shaft "a," and which
slides into slots in the bracket "d" supporting the balanced rod or lever "e,"
hung on pivot centres, as shewn at "f" on the roving or slubbing; leaving
the rollers" 9 "it is passed over the rounded end "h" of the rod or lever "e,"
and thence to the flyer and bobbin, the lever "e" being so balanced as to be
depressed where in contact with a double roving or slubbing, but overcoming
the resistance of single, one end is raised and the other depressed; thus when
the frame is working, the rocking shaft "a" will move the sliding rod "c"
backwards and forwards. The end of lever "e" is raised by the opposite end

page_text: being in contact with the roving or slubbing, and the sliding rod "c" thus
moves its full extent, but if an end breaks, then the end of the lever "e" falls
into its place, as shewn at "i," and the sliding rod "c" coming in contact with
the same stops the machine by its connection with the usual stop motion.
When the machine has been stopped, the balanced rods or levers "e" are
raised to their proper position by the sliding rod "k," which passes under each.
This rod "," having a series of inclined planes to correspond with the number
of rods or levers e, is moved by hand or otherwise each time the machine is
stopped, so that the rods or levers may be free from the sliding rod c; the
'machine being in full operation, the rod k is again drawn back.
The fourth part of my Invention is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, Sheet
2, and Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, Sheet 2.
Figure 1 Sheet 2, is a front view of a beaming frame, shewing the
application of the rocking shaft a with catches b, and the connection with
stop motion c. Figure 2, Sheet 2, is an end elevation of the same,
also shewing the flat plates d, and bar e, holding the same in proper
position. The action of this arrangement will be as follows:-There is a
thin flat plate "d" (as shewn in Figure 2, Sheet 2, and in enlarged views of
same in Sheet 2, Figures (5 and 6), for every end or thread which is passed
through an eyelet or hole "f" in the lower part of the plate "d," and thence
over a roller to the beam; thus when the machine is working the tension of
the end or thread supports the plate "d," which are upheld, as shewn in
Figure 2, Sheet 2; but if any one end or thread breaks, it falls down as far
as the slot "g" allows it, and as the rocking shaft catches "6" are moved
backwards and forward, soon as they come in contact with the plate "d" the
machine or frame is instantly stopped, as the rocking shaft is connected with
the stop motion "i." By reference, to Sheet 2, Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6,
which are enlarged views of the plate "d," rocking shaft "a," and catches "b,"
together with the stopping motion "c," these details will be better understood.
As the same principle is applicable for similar purposes to both bobbin and
cop reels, Drawings are unnecessary.
Having thus fully described and set forth the nature and object of my
said Invention of improvements in machinery or apparatus for preparing and
spinning cotton or other fibrous materials, together with the best means I am
acquainted with for carrying out the same into practical effect, I desire it to
be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details
herein set forth, as the same may be varied or modified without departing
from the true principle hereof; but I claim, under the first head of my said

page_text: Invention, the arrangement for stopping the drawing frame by means of
a rod or lever having a lateral motion, with its connections, as herein
described.
Under the second head of my said Invention I claim the general arrange-
ment of stopping motion when the cans are full.
Under the third bead of my said Invention I claim the peculiar arrangement
of motion and apparatus to be applied to slubbing, intermediate, and roving
frames for the prevention of single and roller lapping by the instant stoppage
of the frame when single slubbing or roving is formed, or when an end breaks
or rollers lap.
Under the fourth head of my said Invention I claim the use of the flat plates,
and the connections therewith, for stopping the machine when an end breaks.
I also claim the use of round pegs in place of flat plates, with similar motion,
as herein described, for stopping cop or bobbin rcels when an end or thread
breaks.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Taylor, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
WILLIAM TAYLOR. (L.S.)