IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FULLING WOOLLEN CLOTHS AND WASHING AND CLEANSING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clissold, of Dudbridge, in the County of
Gloucester, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
FULLING WOOLLEN CLOTHS AND WASHING AND CLEANSING WOVEN FABRICS."
Sealed the 23rd October 1868, and dated the 1st May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clissold at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st May 1863.
I, WILLIAM CLISSOLD, of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR FULLING WOOLLEN CLOTHS AND WASHING AND CLEANSING WOVEN FABRICS," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved apparatus whereby a temporary twist may
be put into the fabric under treatment immediately before it enters the fulling or
pressing rolls, the object (when fulling cloth) being to prevent the permanent
formation of wrinkles in the cloth during the fulling operation. To this end a
revolving mouth-piece or guide of suitable construction is provided for guiding
the endless band of cloth to the fulling rolls. This mouth-piece is driven
alternately in opposite directions. The twist put into the cloth by the rotation of
the mouth-piece remains in it while under the pressure of the fulling rolls, but
it disappears as the cloth drops into the pit of the fuller, and during its passage
again towards the revolving mouth-piece or guide it opens, so that the same

page_text: creases are never repeated. The reversing of the motion of the mouth-piece,
which reverses the twist of the cloth, is also intended for the purpose of pre-
venting the fulling rolls from pressing several times upon the same folds. By
the adoption therefore of the above contrivanco it will be found that permanent
wrinkles are not formed as in the ordinary fuller, which has always been a great
objection to that machine.
The fulling operation is also much expedited by this Invention, which
will be found equally well adapted to the treatment of thick and thin
fabrics. The improved machine is also applicable for washing endless bands
of fabrics.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clissold in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
31st October 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, WILLIAM
CLISSOLD, of Dudbridge, in the County of Gloucester, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Iler most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Clissold, Her special license that I, the said William
Clissold, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Clissold, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR FULLING WOOLLEN CLOTHS AND WASHING AND CLEANSING
WOVEN FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Clissold, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clissold, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to bo

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
=
This Invention relates to the application to machines employed in fulling
cloth, and washing and cleansing lengths or bands of woven fabrics, of a certain
mechanical means for imparting a temporary twist to the fabric under treat-
ment immediately before it enters the fulling or pressing rolls, the object (when
fulling cloth) being to prevent the permanent formation of creases in the cloth
during the fulling operation. To this end I employ a revolving mouth-pieco
or guide for guiding the endless band of cloth to the fulling rolls and drive it
alternately in opposite directions, thereby putting a twist into the cloth, which
twist remains in it while under the pressure of the fulling rolls, but disappears
as the cloth drops into the pit of the fuller, the cloth in passing again towards
the revolving mouth-piece or guide opening, so that the same creases aro
never repeated.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a fulling machine
with the apparatus applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section; and Fig. 3
is an elevation of the back end of the same.
A is the main framing of the machine; B, the pit of the fuller built up of
planks in the usual way; C, C, are the fulling rolls, immediately in front of
which is mounted a revolving mouth-piece D. This mouth-piece is supported
by four rollers E', E, E, E, (see the partial transverse section Fig. 4,)
which have their bearings in a plate E extending across the machine. This
plate is pierced to admit the mouth-piece D, and allow of its projecting
through it towards the bite of the fulling rolls. A spur pinion (see Figs. 5)
fixed on this mouth-piece gears into a ring of teeth formed in the roller E',
which roller is keyed on a shaft F, extending through the back end of the
machine. A bevil wheel on the outer extremity of the shaft F gears into a
pair of bevil wheels mounted loosely on a transverse shaft G, which wheels aro
locked alternately to their shaft by means of a sliding clutch. This shaft
receives motion through a strap H from a pulley on the axle of the lower
fulling roll, and through the bevil wheels conveys motion to the longitudinal
shaft F, and so to the mouth-piece D. For reversing the motion of the
mouth-piece, a worm keyed on to the shaft G takes into a worm wheel on a
short shaft I, which shaft is also furnished with a worm that takes into a worm
wheel K mounted on the side of the machine. This wheel K is furnished
with a face cam which comes into contact during its rotation alternately with
the ends of two horizontal sliding bars L mounted on the end framing and
jointed to the clutch lever M at opposite sides of its fulcrum. As therefore a

page_text: continuous rotary motion is imparted to the worm wheel K, the loose bevil
wheels will be alternately thrown into and out of action at given intervals
throughout the progress of the fulling operation, thereby reversing the direction
of rotation of the mouth-piece D, and consequently the direction of the twist of
the cloth, and effectually preventing the fulling rolls from pressing again and
again upon the same folds or creases.
By the adoption of the above described contrivance it will therefore be
found that the formation of permanent creases, which has always been a
great objection to the ordinary fuller, will not occur in working with this
machine.
The fulling operation is also much expedited by this Invention, which will
be found equally well adapted to the treatment of thick and thin fabrics. The
improved machine is also applicable for washing endless bands of woven fabrics
or piece goods generally.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of improved apparatus
for fulling woollen cloths and washing and cleansing woven fabrics, and
having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to bo
understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim
the means above described for imparting a temporary twist alternately in
opposite directions to fabrics subjected to the operations of fulling, washing, and
cleansing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clissold, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-seventh day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
WILLIAM CĻISSOLD. (L.B.)