Improvements in Apparatus for Treating and Drying Waste Fish and other Offal.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating and Drying Waste Fish
and other Offal.
I, JOHN FORSYTH JOHNSTONE, of The Belvedere Fish Guano Company, Limited,
7, Union Court, Old Broad Street, in the City of London, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The apparatus is composed of a digester the lower half of which is heated by
a steam jacket or is otherwise heated a feeding manhole is provided at the top
through which the fish to be treated can be fed-a suitable cover is provided
for closing this manhole-and also a small air escape pipe. The fish is heated
in the digester and kept stirred by blades on a revolving shaft until reduced to
a pulp. A pump is provided by which water preferably heated can be pumped
up from a tank into the lower part of the digester. As the water mixes with
the pulp the oily matters contained in the pulp become separated and float upon
the surface. A pipe fitted with a stop cock is led away from the top of the
digester to an oil tank below, or if the revolving shaft or shafts of the digester
are vertical the shaft or shafts might be hollow and open at the top to allow
of the oil being drawn off the shaft. When the oil has separated sufficiently
from the pulp in the digester the stop cock is opened and more water is, pumped
in until the oil floating on the surface rises up through the pipe and is delivered
through a suitable strainer into the oil tank. When all oil has thus been carried
off from the digester the stop cock is again closed.
The greater part of the water in the digester is then allowed to drain off from
it through a strainer and to pass back into the tank from which it was previously
pumped and may be used again and again until the amount of glue and other
matters dissolved in it is sufficient to render it worth while to recover these
matters by evaporating off the water from them.
The oil tank is provided with a long gauge glass by which the amount of oil
in the tank can be seen and with a draw off cock at the bottom through which
any water which enters the tank can be drawn off-draw off cocks for oil are also
provided at different levels from any of which oil can be drawn off into a pipe
which extends above the top of an oil reservoir contained in a heated room. The
pipe has several branch nozzles upon it to each of which is connected a filter
bag-the oil passes down into these filter bags and as it filters through them
drops down into the oil reservoir from which it can from time to time be drawn
off into barrels.
The digester into which the raw fish is first placed has a large draw off pipe
fitted with a stop cock passing away from it at the bottom into which the pulp
in the digester can be allowed to pass when the greater part of the water with which
it was admixed has drained off from it-the pipe is led above a number of drying
machines and over each machine has a branch delivery nozzle fitted with a stop
cock extending from it by opening any one or other of which the pulp can be
supplied to any one or other of the drying machines to be dried and reduced
to powder.
DL1 L
1 1
2 D
1
1000

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Treating and Drying Waste Fish
and other Offal.
I, JOHN FORSYTH JOHNSTONE, of The Belvedere Fish Guano Company, Limited,
7, Union Court, Old Broad Street, in the City of London, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
.J'!
T
The apparatus is composed of a digester the lower half of which is heated by
a steam jacket or is otherwise, heated a feeding manhole is provided at the top
through which the fish to be treated can be fed a suitable cover is provided
for closing this manhole-and also a small air escape pipe. The fish is heated
in the digester and kept stirred by blades on a revolving shaft until reduced to
a pulp. A pump is provided by which water preferably heated can be pumped
up from a tank into the lower part of the digester. As the water mixes with
the pulp the oily matters contained in the pulp become separated and float upon
the surface. A pipe fitted with a stop cock is led away from the top of the
digester to an oil tank below, or if the revolving shaft or shafts of the digester
are vertical the shaft or shafts might be hollow and open at the top to allow
of the oil being drawn off the shaft. When the oil has separated sufficiently
from the pulp in the digester the stop cock is opened and more water is pumped
in until the oil floating on the surface rises up through the pipe and is delivered
through a suitable strainer into the oil tank. When all oil has thus been carried
off from the digester the stop cock is again closed.
The greater part of the water in the digester is then allowed to drain off from
it through a strainer and to pass back into the tank from which it was previously
pumped and may be used again and again until the amount of glue and other
matters dissolved in it is sufficient to render it worth while to recover these
matters by evaporating off the water from them or by precipitation.
The oil tank is provided with a long gauge glass by which the amount of oil
in the tank can be seen and with a draw off cock at the bottom through which
any water which enters the tank can be drawn off-draw off cocks for oil are also
provided at different levels from any of which oil can be drawn off into a pipe
which extends above the top of an oil reservoir contained in a heated room. The
pipe has several branch nozzles upon it to each of which is connected a. filter
bag the oil passes down into these filter bags and as it filters through them
drops down into the oil reservoir from which it can from time to time be drawn
off into barrels.
The digester into which the raw fish is first placed has. a large draw off pipe
fitted with a stop cock passing away from it at the bottom into which the pulp
in the digester can be allowed to pass when the greater part of the water with which
it was admixed has drained off from it-the pipe is led above a number of drying
machines and over each machine has a branch delivery nozzle fitted with a stop
cock extending from it by opening any one or other of which the pulp can be
supplied to any one or other of the drying machines to be dried and reduced
to powder.
In the drawing annexed Figure 1 is a diagram view of apparatus arranged
according to my invention.
In this figure A is a digester 'A¹ a steam jacket for heating the lower half of
the digester. B a revolving axis passing through the digester and carrying
stirring blades B' to stir the materials which are being treated. C a feeding

page_text: manhole, Can air pipe. D an oil delivery pipe having upon it a stop cock D¹.
E a pipe having upon it a stop cock E¹ through which water can be forced up
into the digester from the water tank F or allowed to pass back from the digester
into the tank. G is a strainer through which oil delivered by the pipe D is
strained before passing into the oil tank H. Ha gauge glass for indicating
the height of oil in the oil tank. H2 taps by any one or other of which oil can
be allowed to flow from the oil tank into the pipe I. I are branch nozzles on
the pipe I each carrying a filter bag J and cach fitted with a stop cock 12. K is
an oil reservoir below the filter bags and K¹ a tap by which oil collected in the
reservoir can be drawn off into barrels. The filter bags and oil reservoir should
as above stated all be contained in a heated room. L is a pipe by which any
water which may collect at the bottom of the oil reservoir may be allowed to
escape into the water tank F. M is a large draw off pipe leading from the
bottom of the digester. M¹ are branch pipes extending from it each fitted with
a stop cock M2 through which the pulped matter contained in the digester and
from which oil has been extracted can be allowed to pass into any one or other
of a number of drying machines N. These drying machines may be of any
suitable construction, preferably I construct them in the manner described in
the specifications of former patents granted to me No. 738781 or 420382.
Figure 2 is a vertical section and Figure 3 a horizontal section of a digester
having vertical revolving shafts 0 carrying stirrers. In this case as before
stated the shafts may be hollow and open at the top so that oil may be driven
off through them instead of through the oil delivery pipe D or a separate overflow
oil delivery pipe P may be provided as indicated by dotted lines. The open
tops of the shafts or pipes may be covered by loose caps whilst charging.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination with a steam jacketted or otherwise heated digester having
within it an axis or axes carrying stirring blades of an oil discharge pipe led
away from it at the top and means for introducing water into the digester to
displace oil and cause it to pass away through the oil discharge pipe.
2. The combination of a steam jacketted or otherwise heated digester having
within it a revolving axis or axes carrying stirring blades a pipe through
which water can be introduced into or withdrawn from it an oil discharge pipe
leading away from it at the top--a feeding manhole at the top and a large dis-
charge pipe passing out from it at the bottom through which pulped material
can pass away to be dried in drying machines.
3. The combination of a steam jacketted or otherwise heated digester having
within it a revolving axis carrying stirring blades a pipe through which water
can be introduced into or withdrawn from it an oil discharge pipe leading away
from it at the top an oil tank for receiving the oil and oil filters to which the
oil is delivered from the oil tank.
4. The combination of apparatus for treating and drying waste fish and other
offal substantially as herein before described and illustrated at Figure 1 of the
drawing annexed.
5. The construction of digester apparatus for treating waste fish and other
offal substantially as herein before described with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
Dated this 2nd day of September 1800.
JOHN F. JOHNSTONE.