IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OIL FOR LIGHTING, AND IN LAMP GLASSES OR CHIMNEYS TO BE EMPLOYED IN BURNING THE SAME
Year: 1857

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at, t
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd January 1857.-A communication.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OIL FOR LIGHTING, AND IN LAMP GLASSES
OR CHIMNEYS TO BE EMPLOYED IN BURNING THE SAME," communicated to me by
a foreigner residing abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in treating resin oils in such manner as to prevent
them from readily freezing, and from giving off smoke and unpleasant odours
while being burnt; and also in improvements in or connected with the
chimneys or glasses of lamps for burning oils so treated.
When applied to resin oils prepared by double distillation with lime, this
mode of preparation consists in adding to every 100 parts oil, reheated to
boiling point, about 3 parts sulphuric acid, at + 60, stirring while warm,
and diluting with water in the proportion of twice the weight of sulphuric
acid, when a strong reaction will result, carbonic acid will be developed, and
sulphurous acid gas given off. When the reaction has ceased, the product is left
to settle, and in 24 hours black "pinous" matter will be deposited; the liquid

page_text: is then poured off, about 6 per cent. (more or less) powdered quicklime added,
and the oil is then filtered through animal charcoal or hot sand until it assumes
a lemon tint, when it is ready for use:
When the oil has been distilled at a low temperature, and the "pinous"
matter is left in the retort, sulphuric acid is not used, about 4 per cent. quick-
lime being employed to expel the deleterious substances. When the oil has
been well prepared, the Inventor adds to it about th of its weight of some
fixed oil, such as colza, olive, or castor oil (or equivalent oils), either combined,
or of one of these combined with other oil or oils. The oil should be strained
through a cloth or other medium to clear it from extraneous matters, which
might tend to char the wick or produce smoke.
The improvements in the construction of lamp glasses or chimneys to be
used when burning this oil consists in forming them with a confined part,
gullet or neck, between the upper and lower parts of the chimney, and with a
bulged part or belly so placed with respect to the neck that the air may be
drawn forcibly into the bulged part, thus improving the flame at the neck part
and consuming the products of combustion on the wick; the chimneys being in
other respects constructed in various ways, the upper part above the neck
being straight, or concave, or conical near the lower part, or otherwise; or,
instead of the modified form of chimney, a glass cap bulged at bottom and
confined at top may be placed within an ordinary chimney to answer the same
purpose, the cap being round the flame and burner, the confined part having a
central space for the flame to pass through.