matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Henry Coddington and
John Cocker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th
April 1879.
FRANCIS HENRY CODDINGTON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner and Manufacturer, and JOHN COCKER, of Blackburn aforesaid, Mill Manager.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to an improved swell for shuttle boxes of looms to
diminish the concussion of the shuttle and picker, and still ensure a quick and
unretarded return of the shuttle.
According to this our Invention we fix in a slot in the side of the shuttle box a
metal lever curved on each side its centre or fulcrum, the curved parts projecting in
the inside of the shuttle box, the outer ends being held by springs at the outside of
the shuttle box. When the shuttle comes in contact with the first curve or swell
it depresses the same, and noves the lever on its fulcrum, imparting to it a rocking
motion, causing the second curve or swell to project further until it in its turn is
acted upon and depressed by the shuttle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY CUTTER BLOCKS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Maximilian Richard Western and
Joseph Hamilton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th
September 1879.
:
MAXIMILIAN RICHARD WESTERN and JOSEPH HAMILTON, both of Belvedere Road,
Lambeth, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTARY CUTTER BLOCKS."
Our Invention relates to an improved construction of rotary cutter blocks of the
kind that are capable of operating when rotated in either direction by causing an
eccentric motion between the cutter shaft and the block to effect the greater radial
projection of the one cutter or the other, according as the block is rotated in the
one direction or the other.
Our present improvements have for their object firstly, to enable two cutters
situated on opposite sides of the block to operate at the same time when the block
is revolving in either direction, and secondly, by means of such application of two
sets of opposite cutters to make the cutter block work in perfect balance, which
could not be done with the construction previously employed and which is essential
when working at high speeds.
For this purpose we form the cutter block of two separate halves divided
longitudinally, each half fitting with a semi-cylindrical hollow upon one of two
eccentric cylindrical bosses or cams formed opposite each other on the cutter shaft.
Each half block is cut away on either side so as to allow sufficient play between
the two to permit of their turning or sliding round to a limited extent indepen-
dently of each other upon their respective eccentric bosses. The half blocks may
be kept in position upon the shaft by recessed caps or collars on the shaft fitting
over rounded ends on the cutter blocks, or by any other suitable known means.
From this arrangement it will be seen that assuming two opposite cutters, or a
cutter having two opposite edges to be fixed on each half block, then on the shaft
being rotated in one direction, the two half blocks in shifting eccentrically,
somewhat round upon the same, will each cause its cutting edge, which, for the time
is nearest the greatest throw of the eccentric, to project slightly farther in a radial
direction than its other edge, such first named edges being those that are brought
into action by such rotation of the shaft. On reversing the motion of the shaft, the
cutter blocks in shifting in the opposite direction will make the other cutting edges
project farthest so as to bring them into action.
Stops are provided on a collar on the shaft for limiting the shifting motion of
the half blocks in each direction.
AN IMPROVED ACTION FOR UPRIGHT PIANOFORTES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Alfred Waddington at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1879.
WILLIAM ALFRED WADDINGTON, of Stonegate; in the City of York, Pianoforte
Manufacturer. AN IMPROVED ACTION FOR UPRIGHT PIANOFORTES."
"
This Invention has for its object an improved action for upright pianofortes.
The action is represented in the annexed Drawing. a is a portion of one of the
finger keys; it gives motion through the intervention of a sticker b and other parts
to the hammer c in the usual way. The key also actuates a pusher d, which is
connected at its lower end with the key in the manner shown. The inclined upper
end of the pusher acts against a corresponding incline at the lower end of the
damping lever e. The damping levers e, which are armed with felt at e', where
they bear against the string, turn on pivots which are carried by a double comb.
This comb also holds the pivots of the hammers, and it is fixed upon the hammer
rail. f is a screw pin passing through the rail on which the hammers rest when
away from the strings, and carrying at its end a button f¹ to limit the movement
of the damping lever. The button also carries a spring f³, by which the felt
damper is pressed against the string immediately the key is allowed to rise.
It will be observed that the action of the damper upon the string is at a point
below that at which the hammer strikes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hunter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th July 1879.
WILLIAM HUNTER, Foreman to Messieurs Craig and Donald, of Johnstone, in the
County of Renfrew, North Britain, Engineers and Machinists. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUNCHES."
This Invention consists in shaping or forming the acting end or face of a punch
in an improved manner, and so as to require less power than ordinary punches for
forcing it through metal or other materials.
The end or face of the improved punch instead of being square or at right angles
to the centre line of the punch as in ordinary solid punches is divided by a
diametrical line, and the two halves are formed with slight and equal but reversed
inclinations. The two diametrically opposite projecting corners of the halves first
indent the metal or material that is being punched, and then a gradual shearing
action extends round from each of the points. A gradual operation is thus
obtained with the strains at diametrically opposite parts of the punch always equal.
The punch or punch head or die may be formed out of a single piece of steel, or
separate half pieces of steel may be fixed on a shank or body to form the punching
end or face.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DETACHING OR SAFETY APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTS FROM OVERWINDING IN MINES' SHAFTS, OR OTHER LIFTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Oldham, John Hodgson, and
Thomas Curry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th
June 1879.
"
SAMUEL OLDHAM, JOHN HODGSON, and THOMAS CURRY, Engineers, all in the
County of Durham. IMPROVEMENTS IN DETACHING OR SAFETY APPARATUS FOR
PREVENTING ACCIDENTS FROM OVERWINDING IN MINES' SHAFTS, OR OTHER LIFTS."
The object of our Invention is to prevent accidents from the overwinding of
cages employed at coal pits and other mines for lowering and raising men, minerals,
and materials.
For this purpose we employ a detaching block which may be directly connected
to the top of the cage, or supposing the cage to be at the surface of the shaft and
level with the saddle, to any part of the winding rope extending between the cage
and the pulley of the winding gear, so that when the cage is momentarily in
danger of being overwound a collar or projecting ring of the said block strikes
against a tappet piece secured to the framework at the pit's mouth, which prevents
the aforesaid collar ascending with the cage.
The attachment existing between the detaching block and the winding ropo
consists of a wedge shaped or conical headed bolt, the tail end being secured to the
said rope, while the head is gripped by the jaws of a pair of nippers embraced by
the collar of the before mentioned detaching block, so that when the aforesaid
collar is, by the tappet piece, prevented rising with the winding rope, the nippers
become disengaged and open by the action of the conical headed bolt, leaving the
cage detached from the overwound rope. The cage may be connected to our appa-
ratus by similar or by any usual arrangement of parts.
When the connection of the cage is thus cut off from the winding engine by
means of our detaching block the cage may be secured from falling by any of the
usual means. To prevent the possibility of the collar shaking or dropping down,
and thus accidentally releasing the cage, we insert under or below the said collar a
pin through one or both of the jaws of the nippers; or the same object may be
attained by suitable springs fixed conveniently on the said jaws in order to keep
[Price 21

page_text: the collar up in its place. In the former case the collar would have to cut through
the pin or pins before the nipper could open and release the conical headed bolt.
The jaws of the nippers are of such a form as to admit of them readily opening
when they are partly drawn through the collar, as aforesaid.
Our Invention is equally applicable to cages and lifts used for other purposes 5
than coal mining.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WAIST BANDS OR BELTS, HAT AND OTHER BANDS, BRACELETS, ARMLETS, GARTERS, BRACES, CORSETS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF DRESS AND ORNAMENT
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Samuel Barrington at the
Office of the Commmissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1879.
WILLIAM SAMUEL BARRINGTON, of 12, Little Essex Street, Kingsland Road,
North, in the County of Middlesex, Fancy Leather Worker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
WAIST BANDS OR BELTS, HAT AND OTHER BANDS, BRACELETS, ARMLETS, GARTERS,
BRACES, CORSETS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES OF DRESS AND ORNAMENT."
My Invention relates to improvements in the method of giving elasticity to waist-
bands or belts, more particularly such as are worn by ladies and children, such
improvements being also applicable to hat and other bands, bracelets, armlets,
garters, braces, corsets, and other similar articles of dress and ornament.
For this purpose I form part of a waist-band, belt, or other similar articles before
referred to of india rubber or elastic material, which is enclosed in a sheath or case
secured to the india rubber or elastic material near its centre, so that the band can
be drawn out from each end of the sheath or case. In some cases I secure the
sheath at one end only, so that the band or belt is drawn out from one end of the
sheath.
India rubber or elastic material enclosed within a sheath may be applied to other
articles of dress and ornament, in like manner to that previously described, by which
a very neat and compact appearance is given to elastic bands and other elastic
articles of dress and ornament.
An IMPROVED MECHANICAL OR AUTOMATIC CASE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Frederick Williams at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June 1879.
WILLIAM FREDERICK WILLIAMS, of No. 3, Little Windmill Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Silversmith. "An IMPROVED MECHANICAL OR AUTOMATIC CASE."
This Invention relates to an improved case for holding various articles, such as
cigars, cigarettes, cigar lights, visiting cards, liqueurs, taper, or for other similar
purposes, by which on pressure being applied to the bottom the case opens and the
contents are elevated so that they may be easily extracted, and on releasing the
pressure the contents return to their place and the case closes.
The case may be constructed as follows:-
It is made of metal, ivory, wood, or other suitable substance. The lid is formed
of two or more parts, and which are attached to the sides of the case by means of
spring or other hinges which keep the parts closed, but will allow them to be
opened outwards.
The bottom of the case is a separate piece, of the same section as the case, but of such
a size as to allow it to slide into the lower end of the case. Attached to the inside and
to this sliding piece are bars having their unattached ends of such a length that
they pass through the case and rest against the bases of the parts forming the lid
of the case, or the bars may be jointed to the bases so as to act as levers. On
pressure being applied to the sliding bottom the bars press against the bases of the
lids, thus forcing them open, and at the same time the contents of the case are raised.
On removing the pressure from the sliding bottom the springs come into action by
pressing on the bars, thus carrying the slide and the contents of the box into their
original position and closing the box.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF INDICATING THE DENOMINATION OF STANDARD WEIGHTS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Frederick Liversidgo at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1879.
CHARLES FREDERICK LIVERSIDGE, of Market Street, Gainsboro', in the County of
Lincoln. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF INDICATING THE DENOMINATION OF STANDARD
WEIGHTS."
This Invention has for its object an improved method of indicating the denomi-
nation of standard weights.
There are many weights now in use by tradesmen which have not the
denomination properly marked upon them, and in consequence of the hardness of
the metal of which they are formed they cannot be marked by stamping.
According to my Invention I form or cut out a circular cavity or hole in the
weight; I undercut the sides thereof and then drive in a plug of brass or other
moderately hard metal so as to spread the plug into the undercut cavity. After-
wards the plug is finished off flush with the surface of the weight and the figures
and letters expressing the denomination are impressed by means of suitable punches
upon the face of the plug.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOKING AND REMOVING COOKED ARTICLES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Brown at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1879.
"
CHARLES BROWN, of Lyme Regis, in the County of Dorset. IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR COOKING AND REMOVING COOKED ARTICLES."
The improvements relate to cooking strainers, and the object is to enable the
person cooking to remove fish, vegetables, or other cooked articles from the boiling
pot to the table dish without the danger of the article cooked becoming broken or
disarranged in process of removal from the pot to the dish as at present. The
improvements consist in making said strainers with perforated moveable bottoms
hinged or to slide from the walls of the strainer which can be made of perforated
tin or other metal either in a flat shallow shape for the purpose of boiling fish or
in a cylindrical shape for vegetables or in any convienient shape, the peforations
being deviated accordingly. The food is placed on the strainer into the pot and
removed therefrom on the strainer when the bottom is opened and the eatable is
deposited on the dish in-tact.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th June 1879.
JOHN SMITH, of No. 17, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS."
The object of this Invention is, firstly, great economy, which I attain by forming
the wearing part of the rail independently of the main or bearing part, so that the
former can with ease be removed when necessitated by wear or otherwise, whilst
the main portion not exposed to such wear remains undisturbed; secondly,
facilitating the renewal of the way without the serious inconvenience of breaking
up the road (in the case of tramways) to the extent that is now so often necessi-
tated; and, thirdly, the dispensing with chairs, which with my construction of rail
are not required.
My Invention consists as follows:-I make the bearing part of my rails such a
shape that two upright continuous sides, having between them a recess, which by
preference is somewhat U shaped in section, are carried on a flat plate, also con-
tinuous, which extends beyond the sides so as to form flanges through which bolts
are passed to secure the rails to the sleepers.
I make the wearing part of the rail of a T shape in section. The upper or
horizontal part of the T is the actual wearing part, and has in it the groove for the
flange of the wheel. The vertical part of the T is entered into the U shaped
recess in the bearing rail, and the wearing rail is in this way supported, being
retained in position by bolts, nuts, or other suitable fastenings.
In placing these rails in position by preference so dispose them that the
wearing parts break joint at points different, say, for example, equidistant, from the
points where the bearing parts break joint, adding thus materially to the stability
of the structure. I may reverse the arrangement by inverting the T and making
it the bearing part, and placing the U part inverted thus upon it, and make in
it the groove for wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CON- NECTED WITH APPARATUS FOR STEAMING PRINTED FABRICS OR YARNS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th February 1879.
JAMES SMITH, Engineer to Messieurs Walter Crum and Company, of Thornlie-
bank, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CON-
NECTED WITH APPARATUS FOR STEAMING PRINTED FABRICS OR YARNS."
This Invention has principally for its object to admit of print steaming apparatus
of or similar to the kinds described in the Specifications of two Patents obtained
by the present applicant, and dated respectively 10 April 1875 (No. 1303) and
28 December 1877 (No. 4917), being advantageously applied in cases in which the
fabrics or yarns to be steamed require a higher temperature than that corresponding
to steam of atmospheric pressure.
Heretofore when steam of higher temperature than 212 degrees Fahrenheit has
been considered necessary for steaming fabrics or yarns such increased temperature
has been obtained by using steam of increased pressure, the goods being enclosed
in a steamtight chamber capable of sustaining such increased pressure, an arrange-
ment with which it has hitherto been found impossible to work with the goods
passing continuously through the apparatus, as they do in apparatus of the kind
described in the earlier Patent Specifications herein before referred to.
By the present Invention steam of atmospheric pressure is employed, and the
desired enhanced action is obtained by superheating the steam, and without the
increase of pressure hitherto erroneously thought necessary. Any suitable one of
the various known kinds of apparatus for superheating steam for other purposes
may be used in carrying out the present Invention.
The Invention is applicable to fabrics or yarns which have had printed on them
either coloring matters or mordants, or other matters contributing to the develop-
ment of particolored effects by subsequent processes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR IRONING OR SMOOTHING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Atherton Bernard Furlong at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th July 1879.
ATHERTON BERNARD FURLONG, of 4, Bernard Street, London, W.C., Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR IRONING OR SMOOTHING WOVEN FABRICS."
I construct a table about two feet long by ten inches in width, which I mount
upon four legs. To the front part of this table I fix a standard or upright with top
curved almost to a right angle. From the top end of this point I suspend an
universal joint to which is attached an arm moveable in various directions. To
this arm is attached a polishing or smoothing iron with an indented face, which
indentations consist of the formation of diamonds or other suitable shapes, which
iron rests upon a curved or hollowed ironing board, curved for the purpose of
equalizing the pressure of the oscillating or moveable arm, the face or upper
surface of which ironing board I cover with a pad of sheet india rubber covered
with flannel and strong cotton, cloth, or other suitable fabrics, the said ironing
board being fitted or fixed upon the opposite end of table from standard herein-
before described, so that the suspended iron rests in the centre of said ironing board.
As it is desireous that the said ironing board should be fixed firmly to the table, I
do it in the following manner, viz., a piece of iron sliding into grooves upon the top
of table and bolted to the same, and extending out from the side of said table about
(10) ten inches, on the end of which and bolted to it rests and is secured the back
end of ironing board. As a certain pressure upon the smoothing iron is required,
we find it necessary to fix or place between the universal joint and arm a spring
formed of metal or india rubber which acts upon the arm, forcing it downward to
any required extent upon the ironing board. The iron is easily detached from the
end of the arm by which it is suspended, so that it may be heated in the ordinary
manner: In the operation of this machine we place upon the ironing board a shirt
suitably prepared, polishing first the neckbands and wristbands, and then the
bosom. It will thus be seen that by bringing a direct and uniform pressure upon
the surface to be polished that much more satisfactory and speedy results can be
obtained than when the pressure is obtained by ordinary hand labor, beside
dispensing with the stooping and unhealthy posture which the operator is otherwise
obliged to assume to obtain the necessary pressure when ironing by the old system.
In ironing detached cuffs and collars they are merely laid upon the ironing board
and polished, and than shaped by the fingers while warm.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard David Sanders at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1879.
RICHARD DAVID SANDERS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Mechanical
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS."
My Invention has for its object to give to the rails of railways, such an amount
of elasticity as is necessary to produce a smooth or easy motion to trains travelling
upon them. And my said Invention consists in the construction and arrangement
hereinafter described, of the parts of the permanent way by which the rails are
supported.
My Invention is applicable both to railways in which transverse sleepers are
employed, and to railways in which longitudinal sleepers are employed.
I will describe my Invention in connection with a railway having transverse
sleepers. I make the sleeper or foundation plate of wrought or cast iron or of steel,
turned down at its ends for the purpose of effecting its firm embedding in the
ballast. Near each end of the sleeper, I fix two strong short supports of cast iron,
a short distance apart, the said supports being respectively on each side of and
equi-distant from the line of the rail. Upon these supports a horizontal plate of
iron or steel is fixed; and upon the said iron or steel plate, the base of the rail is
supported. The said iron or steel plate is made of sufficient strength for all the
purposes of the railway, but possesses the limited amount of elasticity necessary
to produce a smooth motion in trains travelling on the railway. The two supports
for the iron or steel plate may be made of one casting. In this case, the casting
consists of a block of cast iron, the upper surface of which is hollowed at its middle.
The said hollowed upper surface of the block constitutes an inverted arch, on which
the iron or steel plate is supported; or the iron or steel plate may be dispensed
with, and the bottom flange of the rail made of sufficient width to span the distance
between the two supports.
Where for any reason it is desired to dispense with the cast iron supports
described, I make a trough like depression near each end of the sleeper and place
the iron or steel plate over this depression. The said depression constitutes
an inverted arch, on which the iron or steel plate carrying the rail is supported.
I prefer, however, the use of cast iron supports where convenient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND Cocks
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Simon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1879. [A communication from
abroad by Carl Schwabe, of Biala, in the Empire of Austria.]
HENRY SIMON, of 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND Cocks." [A communication from abroad by Carl
Schwabe, of Biala, in the Empire of Austria.]
The Invention relates to improvements in the form and construction of valves and
cocks employed to control and regulate the flow of steam, water, and other fluids
under pressure, and has for its object to obtain a better action of the valve and to
dispense with the packing ordinarily employed. In lieu of the employment of a
stuffing-box, as for example, in the case of a steam stop-valve a conical shoulder of a
sufficiently large diameter is formed on the valve-spindle. This shoulder is caused
by the steam pressure and spiral spring hereinafter mentioned, to fit against an
inclined face formed in the interior of the valve casing, which said part is arranged
to be unscrewed and is formed at its upper and inner end with a suitable recess to
receive a spiral spring. The steam passage is divided into two compartments by
means of a partition or midfeather cast with the valve casing in the ordinary manner.
The said partition or midfeather is suitably formed with a seating to receive the
valve, the cone of the said seating being tangential to the surface of the valve.
The interior of the valve is hollow and is formed or provided with two blocks, nugs,
or projections, which are caused to slide in grooves or recesses formed in the interior
of the neck of the casing and on each side thereof, and may be of a square or other
suitable form. The sliding action of the nugs or projections in the said grooves or
recesses ensures the valve being allways brought to the same position on the seating,
and thereby prevents to a great extent the valve scating from being ground away
by the valve. The valve spindle is formed with screw threads at its lower end and
on the top thereof with a suitable hand-wheel to effect the rotation and thereby
the raising and lowering of the of the valve. The valve has an upward and down-
ward action to and from its seating. The said spiral spring formed or fixed in the
recess of the neck of the casing tends to keep the conical shoulder formed on the valve
spindle against the said inclined face of the casing when the steam pressure is at its
minimum. Although the said Invention is described as being used for steam it
must be understood that it is also applicable to cocks or valves for water and other
fluids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR STEAM OR WATER PIPES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Oxley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd July 1879.
THOMAS OXLEY, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES FOR STEAM OR WATER PIPES."
My Invention consists in an arrangement of valve whereby I obtain efficient and
simple construction, and am enabled to obtain a full thorough-fare when the valve
is opened.
The construction of valve I employ is a simple cylinder capable of resting upon a
seat formed in the pipe, and capable of being drawn from its seat into a chamber
formed on the said pipe, such chamber constituting the guide for the valve, the
circumference of which I propose to form of thin metal, or otherwise render elastic
so that it will spring to its guide.
The valve thus formed may be adapted at any
axis at an angle of forty five degrees to the pipe.
angle, but I propose to place its
IMPROVEMENTS IN BELLOWS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th May 1879. A. com-
munication from Carl August Wilhelm Hipperling and Ludewig Boysen, both
of Hamburg, in the German Empire.
"
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. IMPROVEMENTS IN BELLOWS." A communication
from Carl August Wilhelm Hipperling and Ludewig Boysen, both of Hamburg, in
the German Empire.
This Invention relates to double bellows, and consists mainly of an original con-
struction and mode of operating the moving parts of the apparatus.
The apparatus is furnished with three frames, square or circular, made of wood
or sheet iron, which are placed in one horizontal plane, and between which the two
bellows of leather or other suitable material are fastened. The two outer frames
are fastened to the foundation plate or outer framework of the apparatus, and each
of these frames is at its outer side closed by a sheet iron plate, which is fastened to
it by means of screws, while the centre frame is closed at both sides by such plates.
The centre frame receives reciprocating motion in horizontal direction towards the
outer frames, and by this means alternately compress and expand the two bellows.
The outer frames are furnished with suction and pressure valves.
The motion of the centre frame can either be produced by a hand lever or by a
lever moved by machine power. The outer covering plates of the centre frame carry
each a central pin or rod of wrought iron, which are with the free ends suspended
in iron pipes, which are fastened to the covering plates of the outer frames, and
which project into the inner part of the apparatus. Thus the outer fastened frames
carry the inner centre frame and the bellows, and the centre projecting rods of the
same slide within pipes of the outer frames.
AN IMPROVED UMBRELLA TIP ČUP
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leonard Kleinen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th May 1879.
LEONARD KLEINEN, of 206, City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer.
"AN IMPROVED UMBRELLA TIP ČUP."
This invention has for its object the manufacture of a neat and effective receiver,
cup, or receptacle for the ends or tips of umbrellas, parasols, and other similar
articles.
The Invention consists of a spiral spring being sunk in a recess formed by a
double barrel piece, the inner barrel being arranged on the stick of the umbrella;
upon the spiral spring is fixed the cup, which is so constructed that the point of a
half round spring fixed in the cup projects from the cup and enters a L shaped
recess formed on the outer barrel, so that by pushing down the button on this pro-
jection it pushes the cup down on to the spiral spring, so as to enable the tips of
the umbrella frame to be arranged in the cup; then upon letting go the button the
spiral spring pushes the cup up, and so securely holds the tips in position when the
umbrella or parasol is not in use.
A NEW OR IMPROVED STAMP TO BE USED FOR PREVENTING FRAUD BY THE ALTERA- TION OF CHEQUES, ALSO FOR CANCELLING DOCUMENTS AND FOR PREVENTING THE FRAUDULENT OPening of LETTERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Norris at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1879. A communication from
abroad by A. S. N. Cowan, of Philadelphia, Pa., United States of America.
ALFRED NORRIS, of Finsbury Park, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman.
A NEW OR IMPROVED STAMP TO BE USED FOR PREVENTING FRAUD BY THE ALTERA-
TION OF CHEQUES, ALSO FOR CANCELLING DOCUMENTS AND FOR PREVENTING THE
FRAUDULENT OPening of LETTERS." [A communication from abroad by A. S. N.
Cowan, of Philadelphia, Pa., United States of America]
This Invention relates to a new or improved stamp to be used for preventing
fraud by the alteration of cheques, also for cancelling documents and for preventing
the fraudulent opening of letters.
According to my Invention I employ dies of peculiar construction. The die and
its counter part are so formed that on the paper being stamped the whole surface
so impressed will be covered with numerous small tears, each with fibrous edges.
The fibre of the paper is thus effectually destroyed. On such surface no writing
can be effected, neither can any alteration of writing be made without detection
immediately. The die to effect this object is formed by a succession of rather deep
depressions punched by blunt or sharp tools. The counter part of the die is
formed by electro deposit of copper. The depressions and corresponding projections
on the die and its counter part are not sufficiently sharp to cut the paper, and at
the same time are too deep and numerous to merely emboss it. The paper is con-
sequently stretched and torn, or burst over each projection as it is forced thereby
into the depression.
This stamp may be used effectually to cancel any documents desired. Also
if the flap of an envelope be impressed by it, it would be impossible to open the
letter without detection.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECHLOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rogers at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th July 1879.
"
JOHN ROGERS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun Lock Filer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECHLOADING FIRE-ARMS."
This Invention refers to improvements in the locks of breech loading fire arms
constructed on the drop down principle, and hammerless, or with the hammers or
strikers concealed within the lock, and with top lever action.
The Drawing shews (on Figure 1) a section through the lock, and action opened;
(a) is the barrel upon which is formed the lump (b) engaging with the cranked
lever (c), shewn separately in Figure 2, which lever is pinned in the body at (d)
and is governed by a spring (e); (f) is the hammer shewn detached at (Figure 3),
furnished with a small friction roller (g); (h) is the main spring acting also as a
sear spring; (i) is the trigger and trigger plate; (j,j) is the top lever and cam,
and (), a self acting safety bolt which is locked by the action of the top lever;
the movement of this top lever allows the barrels to throw upwards when the
grip (b) throws back the lever (c), and thus cocks the haminer (ƒ).
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS CONNECTED WITH THE MANUFACTURE OF FIGURED TULLE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Alfred Barlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1879. A communication
from abroad by William Dawson, of Paris, France, Engineer.
CHARLES ALFRED BARLOW, of the Firm of H. B. Barlow, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
WITH THE MANUFACTURE OF FIGURED TULLE." A communication from abroad by
William Dawson, of Paris, France, Engineer.
In manufacturing figured tulle by power the patterns are produced by supple-
mentary threads which are stitched on the ground of the tulle, and the threads
connecting the patterns remain on the face of the tulle until they are cut away by
scissors.
The apparatus forming the subject of this Invention consists of certain instru-
ments for cutting simultaneously both ends of the threads connecting the patterns.
One of these instruments consists of a cutting disce supported in a light frame
furnished with a point which is introduced between the connecting thread and the
face of the tulle; the instrument is pushed forward by the attendant until the disc
severs both ends of the connecting thread.
Another instrument consists of two cutting blades set at an angle and acted upon
by springs, these blades are also supported in a pointed frame; the instrument is
pushed forward until both ends of the connecting threads are cut.
The above details may be varied, the peculiar feature of novelty being that the
cutting instrument cuts simultaneously both ends of the connecting threads,
notwithstanding the varying distances between the patterns.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING AND LEAVING VEHICLES AND PLACES OF PUBLIC RESORT
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Miller at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st January 1879.
WILLIAM MILLER, of 142, Islington, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO REGISTERING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS ENTERING
AND LEAVING VEHICLES AND PLACES OF PUBLIC RESORT."
This Invention consists in providing and placing a depressible platform in the
doorway or entrance to conveyances or places of public resort. The platform is
constructed as and on the principles of a compound lever platform weighing
machine, so that weight applied to any portion thereof will be equally distributed
throughout the surface. One of the levers which support the platform projects
through the casing of the platform, and actuates, by means of a rod or wire, a
register consisting of a train of wheels actuating a series of numeral dials
representing units, tens, hundreds, thousands. Across the doorway or entrance,
and obstructing the passage therethrough, there is placed a telescopic bar, a
swinging bar, or a lifting bar, arranged in connection with the depressible platform,
so that such bar can only be pushed in, opened, or lifted upon the pressure caused
by the weight of a person standing on the platform. This may be effected by a
vertical rod or its equivalent on the bar taking into a catch or its equivalent on
the depressible platform, or in connection therewith. The telescopic swinging or
lifting bar may serve as a counter check upon the register by marking a paper tape
or its equivalent each time the bar is moved. The tape may have movement
imparted to it by a train of ratchet wheels actuated by the rising and falling of
the platform. The bar is hinged so as to allow free exit.
The platform may be adjusted to suit the weight of children of age to pay full
fare, and thus be suitable for all weights above. The recovering action after
depression, is imparted to the platform by balance weights, which compensato for
the weight of the platform, levers and parts.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1879. A communication.
from abroad by Pierre Lefever, of St. Omer, France.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, and Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR RAISING WATER OR
OTHER LIQUIDS." [A communication from abroad by Pierre Lefever, of St. Omer,
France.]
The improved apparatus which forms the subject of the present Invention is
composed of a reservoir at the upper part of which is a steam inlet pipe fitted with
a cock, and also with a valve, which latter is acted upon by a spring whose power
is stronger than the steam pressure. At the bottom of the said reservoir is a
suction pipe fitted with a valve, and at the side of the reservoir is a vessel whose
lower part is in direct communication with the lower part of the reservoir. Above
this vessel and communicating therewith by means of a valve is a delivery or force
pipe, and between this pipe and the upper part of the reservoir is a pipe of small
diameter also fitted with a valve. There is a manhole at the lower part of the
reservoir to enable it to be emptied and cleaned when required.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The reservoir is first filled with water
or liquid. Then the steam inlet cock is opened and the steam entering the reservoir
and pressing upon the surface of the liquid forces the liquid into the delivery pipe.
The valve in the steam inlet pipe during this time is kept open by its spring which
as already stated is stronger than the steam pressure. As soon as there is equi-
librium between the steam pressure on the liquid and the weight of the liquid
column in the delivery pipe, the steam reservoir cools, and this cooling is hastened
by a small stream of water which enters the reservoir by the small pipe commu-
nicating between it and the delivery pipe. The steam then condenses, forms a
vacuum, and liquid is thus drawn up through the suction pipe into the reservoir,
the valve in the steam inlet pipe being now closed owing to the combined action of
the steam pressure above and the vacuum below. When the vacuum in the
reservoir diminishes, the spring again, raises this valve, steam again enters the
reservoir presses on the liquid and forces it into the delivery pipe, and so on as
before. Thus when the reservoir has been once filled with the liquid, the opening
of the steam inlet cock enables the apparatus to work continuously and auto-
matically.
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING SCREWS OR OTHER ROUND ARTICLES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th November 1879. A communication
from abroad by Otto Bourset and Eduard Weiler, both of Berlin, in the Empire
of Germany.
<<
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
IMPROVE-
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING SCREWS OR OTHER ROUND ARTICLES." A
communication from abroad by Otto Bourset and Eduard Weiler, both of Berlin,
in the Empire of Germany.
The Invention consists in a machine for simultaneously cutting or manufacturing
several screws or other round articles; also in the construction of a cutter head
capable of being turned on its axis, and allowing the alternative action of the
cutters for turning the ends and those for cutting the spindles to the required
lengths, as well as the application of several successively attached sets of cutting
tools when required; also in the construction of the screw cutting tool, which can
be detached from the respective holder when required to set the machine for
different sorts of screws, and in the arrangement which allows the cutting steel a
certain play if the motion of the spindle is irregular or eccentric. The motion of
the screw spindles is derived from a common shaft carrying a spur wheel which
gears into as many spur wheels as there are screw spindles, said spur wheels being
placed at equal distances around the driving wheel, and set upon the hollow spindles
or chucks in which the screw spindles are held. On the movable slide or sledge of
the machine is fixed a stand forming a guide for the screw spindles, and carrying
the cutter head for turning the ends of the spindle and cutting them to the required
length, the two operations being performed by two sets of adjustable chisels or
cutters, one placed radial, the other tangential, to the cutter head. The apparatus
for cutting the screws is also placed on the sledge of the machine, but so that it.
may either be moved with the latter or independently therefrom. Each of the
screw cutting tools is held by three or more springs, and prevented from turning
by projections of a sleeve attached to one end of a shaft which carries at the other
end a brake pulley provided with a brake band, which is with one end attached to
a fixed pin, and with the other end held by a pin attached to a movable disc, so
that by turning the latter all brakes may be simultaneously set in or out of
action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO CIRCULAR MACHINES TO PRODUCE RIBBED OR PLAIN LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Jamson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd April 1879.
SAMUEL JAMSON, in the employment of Edwin Hewitt, Hosiery Machinist, both
of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO CIRCULAR MACHINES TO PRODUCE
RIBBED OR PLAIN LOOPED FABRICS."
Heretofore when employing certain yarns on circular machines which deliver the
fabric upwards considerable difficulty has been experienced in clearing the work
from the needles. To obviate this I employ two or more series of rollers which
revolve upon axles carried by brackets below the clearing ring of a circular machine
for making ribbed or plain looped fabrics. These rollers revolve upon the slightest
pressure of the fabric upon them, thereby effectually clearing the work off the needle
heads.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING BRAKE POWER TO BICYCLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bate at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1879.
HENRY BATE, of 4, Brunswick Villas, White Horse Road, Croydon, Surrey,
Surgeon. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING BRAKE
POWER TO BICYCLES."
This Invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for applying
brake power to bicycles, and is more especially applicable to that form of brake
known as the "front-wheel" brake which has hitherto been worked by the hands
of the rider pulling a lever or twisting the handles. By my method an upright
steel spring is substituted for manual action, which exerts a uniform pressure on the
brake, and so on the wheel. It is placed between the head of the machine and the
upper or perpendicular arm of the brake, secured at the lower end and free at the
upper to exert the required pressure, being held back to the handle or head by a
catch when not required, and actuated by freeing it from the catch.
The action of
this brake being automatic leaves the rider free to guide the machine, whilst any
dangerous pressure is entirely obviated.
TURBINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Caspar Wetter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1879. A communication
from abroad by Camille Austruy, of Marvejols, in the Republic of France.
CASPAR WETTER, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of Patents, of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
TURBINES." A communication from abroad by Camille Austruy, of Marvejols, in
the Republic of France.
The Invention has for its object to utilize the flow of water in rivers as a
motive power without necessitating long canals or expensive weirs, and consists in
attaching the blades of horizontal water wheels or turbines to their arms or to the
body of the wheel and guiding them in such a manner, that during one part of the
revolution they plunge into the water and are exposed to the current, while during
another part they are raised out of it, the axis of the turbine being preferably
placed vertical and the blades radial, this can be effected by pivoting the inner end
of each blade to its arm or to the body of the wheel, and supporting the blade by a
roller which rolls upon a rail or guide, in plan view approximately circular, placed
with one side in the water course or on the river bed and sufficiently low to cause
the blades to plunge, while on the opposite side the rail or guide is placed higher,
so as to guide the blades entirely or with the greatest part of their surface above
the water.