Improvements in the Method of and in Means for Spinning Textile Fibres.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 16th Jan., 1856-Accepted, 22nd Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and in Means for Spinning Textile
Fibres.
We WILLIAM KIRKWOOD MORRISON, Spinning Master, and JAMES WILLIAM
MORRISON, Mill Mechanic, both of 202 Park Place, Tame Valley, Dukinfield, in
the County of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our said invention relates to improvements in the method of and in means for
The object of the
spinning textile fibres, such for example as cotton, into yarn.
invention is chiefly to enable yarns of the finer counts. to. he spun upon the bare
spindle or on cop tubes in frames similar to the ordinary ring spinning frame, such
Our invention is however also
counts for example as are usually spun in mules.
applicable to the spinning of coarser counts. In attempting to spin fine count yarns
by the ordinary ring spinning process, the tension between the traveller and the
spindle or cop becomes at times so great. that fine count yarn will not stand the
strain. To overcome these difficulties we positively drive the twisting ring or part
equivalent to the traveller, and arrange that the blade or portion of the spindle
supporting the cop or the equivalent of such blade shall be separate and be drawn
round or driven by the pull of the twisting ring assisted however in its revolution
by frictional contact with a positively driven portion of the spindle. For example
under a convenient arrangement we reduce the blade of the spindle and mount upon
the reduced portion a hollow sleeve carrier of about the same external shape and
diameter as the unreduced spindle would be or of any other desired shape or
diameter. This sleeve or cop carrier is blind at the top end or may be bored
through and rest on a shoulder at the foot of the reduced portion of the blade.
The sleeve fits loosely over the reduced portion of the spindle, a flange being
provided at the foot to give a means of holding down the sleeve when doffing.
The lifting rail carries or is formed with a ring or bearing upon which is.mounted
vee or whirl shaped
the twisting ring, the said ring being formed with a
periphery to receive a driving band. The driving band also passes over a centrally
situated tin roller which rises and falls with the lifting rail. The twisting ring
carries one, two or more eyes, pins or cleats around or over which the yarn is
passed as it comes from the drawing rollers. These eyes or cleats are intended to
give such resisting drag to the yarn as will prevent the whole strain from falling
upon the nip of the drawing rollers. The foot of the spindle is provided with a.
whirl as usual, driven from the ordinary tin roller:
66
995
The twisting ring is driven at the highest speed and as it revolves it also turns
by its pull on the yarn, but at a less speed, the sleeve upon which the cop is wound.
The spindle carrying the sleeve runs at a still less speed, and so assists the sleeve
in revolving, or rather offers less resistance to its revolution than would be the case
if the spindle were at a stand still. These successive breaks in the parts carrying
and winding the cop, give a readily responsive tenderness to the pull of the yarn,
the various parts overrunning, hanging back and giving way just as demands are
made by the yarn, so that equal tension throughout and freedom from liability to
break are secured. Still further to effect equal tension throughout and to obtain &

page_text: hard wound cop both at the centre and nose and at the exterior, we provide a
braking appliance automatically brought into contact with the sleeve so as to
slightly retard the revolution of the cop when the yarn is being wound on at or
near the exterior of the cop, the appliance being withdrawn so as to let the
sleeve run free when the yarn is being wound on at or near the spindle or cop
tube that is to say when the reduction of the radius increases the strain.
This braking appliance under a convenient form takes the shape of a short sleeve
mounted on the unreduced portion of the spindle and just beneath the cop carrying
sleeve. This brake sleeve is connected to the spindle by a slot and pin or slip
feather and groove or other similar arrangement so as to revolve with and also
slide on the spindle. The brake sleeve is worked by a fork from the lifting
rail, which is so timed as to raise the brake sleeve against the foot of the cop
carrier when the yaru is at the exterior of the cop, and retract it when the
yarn is at or near the centre. This secures the required equal tension on the
yarn and a consistent firmness throughout the body of the finished cop. Instead
of the special twisting ring herein before described we might use an ordinary
ring and traveller, the said ordinary ring being fitted with a whirl and driven
by a band as in the case of the twisting ring. Also instead of mounting a cop
carrying sleeve on the reduced blade of the spindle as set forth, we might leave
the spindle blade unreduced and cut the spindle just above the spindle whirl,
the top length of the spindle resting on the driven stump beneath and being
assisted or retarded thereby in the same manner as when the cop carrying sleeve is
mounted on the reduced blade, but with less frictional contact. In this latter
case the braking appliance when used might be brought in contact with the
upper length of the spindle. We have hereinbefore set forth such methods for
carrying our invention into practical effect as we at present think most likely to
effect our purpose, but we do not limit ourselves to these so long as the spirit of
our invention is adhered to.
Dated this 16th day of Annil 1905
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and in Means for Spinning Textile
Fibres.
We WILLIAM KIRKWOOD MORRISON, Spinning Master, and JAMES WILLIAM
MORRISON, Mill Mechanic, both of 202 Park Place, Tame Valley, Dukinfield,
in the County of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings :-
Our said invention relates to improvements in the method of and in means for
spinning textile fibres, such for example as cotton, into yarn. The object of the
invention is chiefly to enable yarns of the finer counts to be spun upon the bare
spindle or on cop tubes in frames similar to the ordinary ring spinning frame, such
counts for example as are usually spun in mules. Our invention is however also
applicable to the spinning of coarser counts. In attempting to spin fine count
yarns by the ordinary ring spinning process, the tension between the traveller and
the spindle or cop becomes at times so great that fine count yarn will not stand the
strain. To overcome these difficulties we positively drive the twisting ring or part
equivalent to the traveller, and arrange that the blade or portion of the spindle
supporting the cop or the equivalent of such blade shall be separate and be drawn
round or driven by the pull of the twisting ring the blade being in some instances

page_text: the same in detail with the assistance of the annexed sheet of illustrative drawings.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the spindle with the adjacent operative parts.
Fig. 2 is a separate view of the spindle.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the top rail and the twisting rings.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of two of the lifting brake forks.
Fig. 5 is, a section of the twisting ring.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged plan of the twisting ring the empty cop sleeve and spindle
being shown in the centre.
Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5 with the spun cop in the centre.
Fig. 8 is an elevation of the spun cop on the sleeve.
Fig. 9 shows a method of assisting the revolution of the spindle blade from a
positively driven lower part of the spindle.
In carrying out our invention we reduce the blade a' of the spindle a as shown
in Fig. 2 and mount upon the reduced portion a' a hollow sleeve carrier b (see
Fig. 1) of about the same external shape and diameter as the unreduced spindle
would have been, or of any other desired shape or diameter. This sleeve or cop
carrier b is blind at the top end so as to rest on the spindle top or it may be bored
through and rest on a shoulder at the foot of the reduced portion of the blade a¹.
The sleeve & fits loosely over the reduced portion a' of the spindle, a flange b' being
provided at the foot to give means of holling down the sleeve when doffing. Que
edge of the top rail c carries a series of antifriction discs d the stems d¹ of which
run in holes bored in the flange of the rail.
"
"
Between each two of the said anti-friction discs and just over a corresponding
hole in the rail c is mounted a twisting ring e, the said ring being formed with a
vee or whirl shaped periphery to receive a driving band and also with a
groove or recess e at the foot to receive the edges of the two neighbouring discs d,
the said dises constituting an anti-frictional bearing for the ring e. The driving
band also passes over a centrally situated tin roller not shown in the drawings.
The twisting ring e carries one, two or more eyes, pins or cleats e¹ around or
over which the yarn is passed as it comes from the drawing rollers. These eyes
or cleats are intended to give such resisting drag to the yarn as will prevent the
whole strain from falling upon the nip of the drawing rollers. The foot of the
spindle is carried in a foot step p, secured in the lifting rail y which is raised and
lowered by the ordinary copping motion. The twisting ring e is driven at the
highest speed and as it revolves it also turns, by its pull on the yarn x but at a less
speed, the loosely mounted sleeve upon which the cop o is wound. The spindle a
carrying the sleeve is placed as already said in the foot step p and as a rule
remains unmoved although the manner of its mounting permits it if any extra
strain should arise also to turn and so relieve the strain. If the spindle should
thus move the effect of such movement is to assist the sleeve in revolving, or
rather the spindle offers less resistance to the revolution of the sleeve than is the
case when the spindle is at a stand still. These successive breaks in the parts
carrying and winding the cop give a ready responsiveness to the pull of the yarn,
the various parts overrunning, hanging back and giving way just as demands are
made by the yarn, so that equal tension throughout and freedom from liability to
break are secured.
In some cases we might arrange for the rail e to rise and fall with the twisting
ringse the rail g with the spindle remaining stationary. Still further to effect
equal tension throughout and to obtain a hard wound cop both at the centre and
nose and at the exterior, we provide a braking appliance automatically brought
into contact with the sleeve b so as to slightly retard the revolution of the cop
when the yarn is being wound on at or near the exterior of the cop as in Fig. 7,
the appliance being withdrawn so as to let the sleeve run free when the yarn is
being wound on at or near the bare spindle or cop tube, that is to say when the
reduction of the radius or tangent increases the strain as shown in Fig. 6.

page_text: This braking appliance under a convenient form takes the shape of a short
sleeve mounted on the unreduced portion a of the spindle and just beneath the
cop carrying sleeve b. This brake sleeve is flanged at the foot so as to rest on a
forked lever projecting from a shaft i which extends the whole length of the
frame and is or may be carried by brackets j. At the end of the shaft i is a
pendant leverk which rests in rubbing contact with an shaped lever m pivotted
at and having its weighted longer arm resting on a revolving cam n.
lifting rail rises and falls during the building of the cop, the pendant lever k
slides up and down in contact with the pivotted shaped lever m.
As the
In revolving, the cam n is so timed as to lower the lever m and throw the
pendant lever k into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. at the time when
the brake is to be applied viz.: when the yarn is being wound on the exterior of
the cop as in Fig. 7. When the yarn is being wound on the bare spindle or cop
tube b, that is at or near the nose of the cop the levers and forks appear as in
full lines in Fig. 1 and the brake sleeve h is lowered. away from the foot of the
sleeve which is thus free to run unretarded.
This secures the required equal tension on the yarn and a consistent firmness
throughout the body of the finished cop.
"The top rail c being fixed and therefore maintaining the twisting rings in
constant position, the rising and falling of the lifting rail g effects the requisite
building of the cop.
'Instead of the special twisting ring e herein before described we might in
conjunction with the loose blade or sleeve & use an ordinary ring and traveller,
the said ordinary ring being fitted with a whirl and driven by a band as in the
case of the twisting ring.
Also instead of mounting a cop carrying sleeve b on the reduced blade of the
spindle as set forth, we might as shown in Fig. 9 leave the spindle blade unreduced
and cut the spindle just above the spindle whirls the top length or blade b' of the
spindle being bored or recessed at the foot to receive a reduced extension a' from the
driven stump a beneath and being assisted or retarded thereby in the same manner
as when the cop carrying sleeve is mounted on the reduced blade, but with less
frictional contact. The stump a might be driven at either a greater or a less speed
than the twisting ring e. In this latter arrangement the braking appliance when
used might be brought in contact with the upper length 6' of the spindle. We
have hereinbefore set forth such methods for carrying our invention into practical
effect as we at present think most likely to effect our purpose, but we do not limit
ourselves to these so long as the spirit of our invention is adhered to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is.
1) The improved method of and means for spinning textile fibres substantially
as hereinbefore described and shown.
2) As means for spinning textile fibres, the improved positively driven twisting
ring carried in anti-frictional bearings on the top rail as described and working in
combination with a spindle having a loose blade or a loosely fitting sleeve or part
carried by or taking the place of the spindle blade, the spindle rising and falling
in the twisting ring or it might be the twisting ring rising and falling so as to
effect the building of the cop, substantially as described and illustrated.
3) The improved means for automatically braking or retarding the revolution
of the separate or loosely mounted spindle blide, sheath or sleeve at the times
when the yarn is being wound upon the cop at or near its exterior, substantially as
described and as illustrated.
4) In combination, the fixed top rail the twisting rings e positively driven
and carried in anti-friction bearings, the spindles a with separate or loosely mounted
blades, sheaths, or sleeves b and carried by the lifting rail y, the braking sleeves.h
and the means for operating the same from the cam n all arranged constructed

page_text: and operating in the manner, for the purposes and substantially as described and
shown.
Dated the 15th day of January 1896.
and operating in the manner, for the purposes and substantially as described and
shown.
Dated the 15th day of January 1896.
For the Applicants,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents.