Improvements in or relating to Steam Generators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd June, 1893
tomplete Specification Left, 27th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 21st Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Steam Generators.
I ALPHONSE REIS in care of Messieurs E. Bede & Co. of 37 Rue Philippe
le Bon Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium Civil Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The purpose of this invention is broadly to combine the economical advantages
of that form or kind of steam generator in which water supplied in small quantities
1s so rapidly converted into steam that said generators are usually termed
"instantaneous" with the practical advantages of the more ordinary generators or
boilers which may be termed slow vaporisers.
The improvements principally consist in combining these two kinds of steam
generators in one generator by inserting instantaneous vaporising elements in a
circuit formed by or with one or more boilers preferably of the nature of tubes and
a further reservoir or reservoirs serving as a steam chest.
These three main elements or sets of elements are arranged with regard to the
furnace or firing so that the elements previously referred to as boilers receive heat
and being filled with water heat the same for supply of these elements by which
instantaneous evaporation is produced, these latter elements being also heated by
the firing and there being preferably several of such instantaneously evaporating
elements so combined with the boilers by communications governed by cocks that
any one of the instantaneous vaporisers may be excluded from action independently
of the others or may be fed with so much or so little of the heated water as may be
desirable at any time. The reservoir serving also as steam chest receives the steam
from either the instantaneous vaporisers or the aforesaid boilers which may and do,
to a certain extent, serve as slow vaporisers.
The connections and arrangement of these parts may be as follows. The boilers,
which are in effect water tubes of considerable diameter are slightly inclined so
that the one end of the tube is lower than the other. These tubes are placed at
the lowest part of the system and the feed water enters at the lower end of each
tube where is a mud door for drawing out the deposited salts of lime or other
matter separated from the feed water by the heating of this water in these tubes.
Usually the instantaneous vaporisers are above the slow vaporisers and above the
former is the reservoir which forms principally the steam chest.
The relative situation of slow and quick vaporising elements may however be
altered or modified without departing from the principle of this invention for
instance the quick vaporisers may be below or at the side of the slow vaporisers.
Although this combination may employ any instantaneous steam generators for
the raporizers, I prefer to use for this purpose horizontal tubes, preferably of cast
iron intended to be heated to a high temperature, the interior of these tubes being
fitted with an inserted spiral so that the interior is converted into a helicoidal
passage way. The removable nature of the inserted spiral permits such tubes to
be easily cleaned out, a process which is practically impossible with generators
consisting of tubes of very fine bore coiled or otherwise, although in this generator
the previous deposition of salts in the slow vaporisers will render such cleaning
much less frequently necessary.
There is preferably a battery of these instantaneously vaporising elements
arranged parallel to one another and supplied at one end from the higher lying
ends of the slow vaporisers, as aforesaid through regulating cocks; one main cock
for the whole battery and one subsidiary cock for each element.

page_text: The opposite ends lead by steam pipes or otherwise to the upper part of the
steam chest or to the dome thereon.
The slow vaporisers at their lower lying ends also communicate with the bottom
of the steam chest which latter is intended to contain water up to a certain level.
The communicating pipe between the upper lying ends of the slow vaporisers and
the branch which leads to the main cock supplying the instantaneous vaporisers also
extends upwards and communicates with the upper part of the steam chest.
The generator is provided with the usual adjuncts such as water level gauge,
pressure gauge, safety valve, mud and blow off cocks and try cocks, there being one
of the last mentioned cocks at the end of each instantaneously vaporizing element
to test the steam developed therein or thereby.
The instantaneous elements are intended to be excluded from action until the
generator is well heated and commences to develop steam when the aforesaid
elements will be sufficiently heated to serve their purpose.
Amongst the advantages of this generator are a great saving of space over an
ordinary boiler of the same steam giving capacity, an equality of working even
with intermittent or irregular feed and irregular consumption of steam and a
capacity for quick and simple control of production of steam. It may be safely
worked at comparatively very high pressure.
Dated this 2nd day of June 1893.
R. HADDAN
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Steam Generators.
1 ALPHONSE REIS, in care of Messieurs E. Bede & Cie of 37 Rue Philippe
le Bon, Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium, Civil Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The purpose of this invention is broadly to combine the economical advantages
of that form or kind of steam generator in which water supplied in small quantities
is so rapidly converted into steam that said generators are usually termed
'instantaneous ; with the practical advantages of the more ordinary generators
or boilers which may be termed slow vaporizers.
66
"
The improvements principally consist in combining these two kinds of steam
generators in one generator by inserting instantaneous vaporizing elements in a
circuit formed by or with one or more boilers preferably of the nature of tubes
and a further reservoir or reservoirs serving as a steam chest.
These three main elements or sets of elements are arranged with regard to the
furnace or firing so that the elements previously referred to as boilers receive heat
and being filled with water heat the same for supply of those elements by which
instantaneous evaporation is produced, these latter elements being also heated by
the firing, and there being preferably several of such instantaneously evaporating
elements so combined with the boilers by communications governed by cocks that
any one of the instantaneous vaporizers may be excluded from action independently
of the others or may be fed with so much or so little of the heated water as may
be desirable at any time. The reservoir serving also as steam chest receives the
steam from either the instantaneous vaporizers or the aforesaid boilers which may
and do to a certain extent serve as slow vaporizers.
The connection and arrangement of these parts may be as follows. The boilers
which are in effect water tubes of considerable diameter are slightly inclined so
that the one end of the tube is lower than the other. These tubes are placed at
the lowest part of the system and the feed water enters at the lower end of each
tube, where is a mud door for drawing out the deposited salts of lime or other
matter separated from the feed water by the heating of- this water in these tubes.

page_text: Usually the instantaneous vaporizers are above the slow vaporizers and above
the former is the reservoir which forms principally the steam chest.
The relative situation of slow and quick vaporizing elements may however be
altered or modified without departing from the principle of this invention, for
instance the quick vaporizers may be be below or at the side of the slow vaporizers.
Although this combination may employ any instantaneous steam generators for
the vaporizers, I prefer to use for this purpose horizontal tubes, preferably of cast
iron intended to be heated to a high temperature, the interior of these tubes being
fitted with an inserted spiral so that the interior is converted into a helicoidal
passage way. The removable nature of the inserted spiral permits such tubes to
be easily cleaned out, a process which is practically impossible with generators
consisting of tubes of very fine bore coiled or otherwise; although in this generator
the previous deposition of salts in the slow vaporizers will render such cleaning
much less frequently necessary.
There is preferably a battery of these instantaneously vaporizing elements
arranged parallel to one another and supplied at one end from the higher lying
ends of the slow vaporizers, as aforesaid through regulating cocks, one main cock
for the whole battery and one subsidiary cock for each element. The opposite
ends lead by steam pipes or otherwise to the upper part of the steam chest or to
the dome thereon. The slow vaporizers at their lower lying ends also communicate
with the bottom of the steam chest which latter is intended to contain water up to
a certain level. The communicating pipe between the upper lying ends of the
slow vaporizers and the branch which leads to the main cock supplying the
instantaneous vaporizers also extend upward and communicate with the upper part
of the steam chest.
The generator is provided with the usual adjuncts such as water level gauge,
pressure gauge, safety valve, mud and blow off cocks and try cocks, there being
ne of the last mentioned cocks at the end of each instantaneously vaporizing
element to test the steam developed therein or thereby.
The instantaneous elements are intended to be excluded from action until the
generator is well heated and commences to develope steam, when the aforesaid
elements will be sufficiently heated to serve their purpose.
Amongst the advantages of this generator are a great saving of space over an
ordinary boiler of the same steam giving capacity, an equality of working even with
intermittent or irregular feed and irregular consumption of steam and a capacity
for quick and simple control of production of steam. It may be safely worked at
omparatively very high pressure.
The annexed drawings represent an example of a steam generator constructed on
the beforementioned principles.
A, A, are two frames of cast iron forming the front and back walls of the
fui nace and supporting the different parts composing the generator.
B, represents one or more boilers placed immediately above the furnace with an
inclination towards the back where it is provided with a door C for removal of
sediment.
D are the quick vaporizing elements which may either as illustrated in the
drawing be each composed of a straight tube and a removable helix or spiral
introduced into this tube to form therewith a helicoidal tube, presenting to the
steam a considerable passage way, or consisting of hollow helicoidal tubes with
intercalation of an interior conical tube completing the element.
These elements communicate with one another at each of their extremities by
the pipe E, which on the one side communicates with the boiler tube B,
through the vertical column F and tubes G G', and on the other side with the
steam reservoir H by way of the pipe 1; the column F is in constant communication
with the steam reservoir H by the pipe J in order to obtain a complete circuit
within the generator, in spite of possible interruption of the passage through the
vaporizing elements.
The circuit is completed by the pipe K connecting the boiler B with the bottom

page_text: of the steam reservoir H, this pipe having for its purpose to lead down to the
bottom of the generator the water condensed by the loss of heat due to radiation ;
this pipe furthermore completes the circuit of the generator which is necessary for
methodical vaporization.
Each of the quick vaporizing elements carries at its front end a cock L which
permits of a regulation of the entering water and also serves for excluding the
respective element or to isolate any element from the others in case of defect or
accident.
The main cock M controls the whole battery of quick vaporizing elements for
the starting and stopping of the generator. The steam reservoir H consists of one
or more parts and carries above it the dome N. T are the try cocks.
The boiler B carries at its lowest part an orifice U above which the feed pipe is
provided.
O is the water gauge, P the gauge cocks, Q the safety valve, R the pressure
indicator, S the steam valve.
The operation of this generator is as follows,
Before lighting the fire, care should be taken to close the cock so that the water
first may reach the level indicated on the annexed drawing. By the action of the
fire the water produces steam, which latter rises and passes to the reservoir; the
boiler B produces a quantity of steam sufficient for the preliminary heating of any
motor which the steam intended to supply.
The time needed to raise the temperature of the water in the boiler B, to produce
steam, and to heat the motor, will also be sufficient to bring the quick vaporizing
elements to the required temperature, and it is therefore now sufficient to open the
cock M in order to obtain very rapidly the desired pressure and the necessary
quantity of steam for supplying the motor or otherwise. The supply of water to
each of the elements is regulated by means of the cocks L; only dry steam should
pass out, and its dryness is tested by opening the cocks T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The construction or arrangement of steam generators, consisting in the
combination of instantaneous vaporizing elements in a circuit, with one or more
tubular boilers and a steam reservoir, thus constituting a mixed generator adapted
to operate by instantaneous vaporization with adjustable and automatic feed of the
vaporizing elements or as a slow vaporizer by immersion of the quick vaporizing
elements or by their exclusion substantially as set forth.
2. A combination of a boiler or boilers, a battery of quick vaporizing elements
and a steam reservoir or reservoirs, connected at the one end by an ascensional
column for the heated water partially purified in the boiler or boilers, this column
communicating with the elements by means of pipes and regulating devices; and
at the other end by a pipe connecting the boiler or boilers with the lower part of
the steam reservoir or reservoirs, and also by a pipe allowing mutual and several
communication of the batter of quick vaporizing elements with the upper portion of
the steam reservoir or reservoirs, the whole for the purpose set forth.
3. The arrangement and construction of parts constituting an improved steam
generator, substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 27th day of February 1804
R. HADDAN,
Of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agent for Applicant.