Improvements in Gas and Petroleum Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 22nd Oct.,
1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Petroleum Engines.
I CHARLES RIDEALGH of Deptford Engine Works Deptford Sunderland in the
County of Durham Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
--
This invention relates to improvements in gas and petroleum engines whereby I
obtain economy and hygienic working with an impulse every revolution when
working to full power. The method of working parts are as follows:-The piston
crank and connecting rod work in a sealed chamber attached to the cylinder casting
whereby the air contained in the said chamber is affected by the motion of the
piston. The piston is connected to the crank by a connecting rod in the usual
way and is opened to the sealed chamber.
The piston is made long with packing rings at both ends wherein one end of
the piston acts as an air and gas pump and the other end receives the force of
the explosion.
According to my invention the fluid charge to be exploded or ignited, or part
thereof, admitted and exhausted into the working cylinder by a port or ports
so situated in the barrel of the cylinder as to be uncovered by the piston when
it approaches the end of its acting stroke and covered again soon after the
piston has commenced its return stroke. In such an engine, according to one
arrangement, the said cylinder is closed at one end by a suitable cover, and at
the other end opens into a casing within which revolves a crank that works in
suitable bearings in one or both sides of suitable casing. The piston is connected
to the crank by a connecting rod to convert the reciprocatory motion into a
rotary motion. The first named end of the cylinder is that in which the
combustible mixture is compressed and ignited, and for clearness I will call it
the outer end of the cylinder. The opposite end, namely, that opening into the
crank casing, acts as a pump supplying the air from a valve in the casing.
Through the wall of the pump casing I form a hole in a suitable position the size
of which will vary in shape and form, (I then seal the hole with a flexible cover
with a valve in it) opening outwards, over the flexible cover and valve I place a
gas chamber with a portway leading to the working barrel of the cylinder and
to the before named gas chamber I fix a gas supply valve which is acted upon by a
hit and miss pendulum governor which receives its motion by the pulsation of the
flexible partition. The engine is by preference diagonal but may be vertical
or otherwise. The charge is fired by a heated tube in the base of which is a
double beat valve.
According to my invention the arrangement of a petroleum motor engine, the
combination with the combination chamber of the cylinder of a chamber serving
for the spraying and vaporising of the oil and its admixture with air such chamber
being separated from the combustion chamber by a valve but having a wall in
common therewith which is heated by an external flame on starting the engine,
but is maintained hot by the combustion of the charges in the engine. The
petroleum is fed by a pump working from a cam and the air from the sealed
chamber. By this arrangement it will be seen that the engine will run in either
direction, that is to say, reverse.
As is obvious, other modifications of gas and petroleum motor engines may be
constructed to operate on the principle of my invention as hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this Fourteenth day of November 1891.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Petroleum Engines.
1 CHARLES RIDEALGH of Deptford Engine Works Deptford Sunderland in the
County of Durham Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in gas and petroleum engines whereby I
obtain economy and the hygienic working with an impulse every revolution when
working to full power. The method of the working parts are as follows:-The
piston crank and connecting rod work in a sealed chamber attached to the cylinder
casting whereby the air contained in the said chamber is affected by the motion of
the piston.
The piston is connected to the crank by a connecting rod in the usual way and
is opened to the sealed chamber.
The piston is made long with packing rings at both ends wherein one end of the
piston acts as an air and gas pump and the other end receives the force of the
explosion.
According to my invention the fluid charge to be exploded or ignited, or part
thereof, is admitted and exhausted into the working cylinder by a port or ports so
situated in the barrel of the cylinder as to be uncovered by the piston when it
approaches the end of its acting stroke and covered again soon after the piston has
commenced its return stroke. In such an engine, according to one arrangement,
the said cylinder is closed at one end by a suitable cover, and at the other end
opens into a casing within which revolves a crank that works in suitable bearings
in one or both sides of suitable casing. The piston is connected to the crank by a
connecting rod to convert the reciprocatory motion into a rotary motion. The
first named end of the cylinder is that in which the combustible mixture is
compressed and ignited, and for clearness I will call it the outer end of the
cylinder. The opposite end, namely, that opening into the crank casing acts as
a pump supplying the air from a valve in the casing.
22
Through the wall of the pump casing I form a hole in a suitable position the size
of which will vary in shape and form, (I then seal the hole with a flexible cover
with a valve in it) opening outwards, over the flexible cover and valve I place :
gas chamber with a portway leading to the working barrel of the cylinder and to
the before named gas chamber I fix a gas supply valve which is acted upon by a
hit and miss pendulum governor which receives its motion by the pulsation of the
flexible partition.
The engine is by preference diagonal but may be vertical or otherwise.
The charge is fired by a heated tube in the base of which is a double beat valve
operated by a tappit screwed and adjusted in the piston.
According to my invention the arrangement of a petroleum motor engine, the
combination, of a sealed air chamber of the cylinder, and a chamber serving for the
spraying and vaporising of the oil and its admixture with air, such chamber being
separated from the combustion chamber by a valve but having a wall in common
therewith which is heated by an external flame on starting the engine, but is
maintained hot by the combustion of the charges in the engine. The petroleum is
fed by a pump working from a cam and the air from the sealed chamber. By
this arrangement it will be seen, that the engine will run in either direction, that
is to say, reverse.

page_text: motor engine constructed according to my invention with the cylinder placed in a
line with the crank shaft and the crank and connecting rod working within a
sealed chamber.
In Figs. 1, A is the piston working within the cylinder B and connected by the
rod C to the crank D, both of which work within a sealed chamber E. The portion
of the cylinder B is that in which the explosion of the combustible charge takes
place.
As will be understood the crank side of the piston or sealed chamber on its
outstroke compresses the air and by means of the flexible partition G, the gas, or
petroleum vapour are not mixed until the piston uncovers the portway A 1 and the
gas under slight pressure in the gas chamber I and the air in the sealed chamber E
being released by the valve J in the flexible partition allows the air in the sealed
chamber to sweep all the gas from the gas chamber into the cylinder B. F is the
gas supply pipe. H is the air inlet valve, which may be operated automatically or
mechanically. A 2 the exhaust valve which may be operated mechanically or auto-
matically. To obtain a continual supply of air under slight pressure I fix an accum-
ulator in a suitable position as shewn in Fig. 1 which obtains its supply of air from
the sealed chamber E at D1 which passes the non return valve D2 into the
accumulator E 2 which may be made of india rubber or other suitable material and
passes through the pipe G 3 to the lamp or vaporiser.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
(1) In a gas engine in combination with a sealed chamber having a flexible
partition with an adjustable stop to vary the quantity of gas or petroleum vapour
which may be placed at A 2 formning a cover and A 1 acting as selfacting exhaust as
herein before described.
(2) A gas or oil engine arranged in combination with a sealed chamber having a
double ended piston with rings at each end any pressure passing the rings C 2 at
the combustible end of the cylinder is arrested by the rings C1 and allowed to have
free escape by the hole C 3 and not to pass into the chamber E as hereinbefore
described.
(3) A gas or oil engine in combination with a sealed air chamber and a chamber
serving for the spraying and vaporising of the oil and its admixture with air into
the combustible chamber such air being obtained under slight pressure from the
sealed chamber E whereby I obtain an impulse every revolution, as hereinbefore
described.
(4) An oil engine with an air accumulator or bag in combination with a
sealed chamber which is charged from the sealed chamber as hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 15th day of September 1892.
CHARLES RIDEALGH.