Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 11th May, 1895
York, aforesaid, Merchant, and GEORGE HENRY HARVEY, of Pittsburg,
the County of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, Machinist, all in the
United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street,
Manchester both in the County of Lancaster, 118, New Street, Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, and 31 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
and
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view partly in section of the apparatus ;
Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the carbureter;
Figure 3 is a similar view of a modified form of carbureter;
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view partly in section of modified apparatus ;
Figure 5 is a sectional view of a modified detail.
Numeral 1 indicates a carbureter and 2 a pump for forcing air therethrough.
3 is a pump to supply oil to the same. The carbureter may however be fed from
an elevated oil holder by gravity. The supply of oil in the latter case is
automatically regulated by an inlet cock or valve controlled by a float or in case an
oil pump is used the action of that may be regulated in any usual way to secure a
constant and regular supply of oil, which effect has important relations to the
uniformity of quality of the gas issuing from the retort.
4 denotes a tank to hold carbureted air, and 5 is a retort. 6 denotes an air pipe
through which a suitably regulated pump forces air into the carbureter in a constant
current. 6' denotes the steam pipe for the pump and 6" a chamber therein con-
taining a valve adapted to be moved by a weighted lever attached to the valve stem
and subject to the pressure in the chamber 4. A pipe by which said chamber
communicates with the space above a piston in the regulator 12 is denoted by 13
and the piston by 6. The weight tends to open the valve and it may be set to
open at any desired limit of pressure in the system of pipes. The valve will be
closed by any excess of pressure.
The tank 4 receives carbureted air through pipe 7, and 71 denotes a pipe for
conveying such air to retorts. 10 denotes an oil supply pipe and 8 a pipe through
which the pump feeds oil to the carbureter. 8¹ (see Fig. 2) denotes a steam coil
arranged to receive exhaust steam from the pump, and 811 is the discharge end of
the coil.
Oil is conveyed directly to the retort from the carbureter through a pipe 9,
and 12 is a valve regulator controlled from the chamber 4 which in operation
contains carbureted air under pressure. 11 is a pipe to convey oil that may be
condensed in chamber 4 back to the carbureter.
14 is a branch of the carbureted-air pipe 71 and 15 denotes a chamber for mingling
carbureted air and heavy oil, which latter is sprayed by the air jet from the mixer
through a branch 16 of pipe 9. 17 denotes a burner communicating both with the

page_text: air pipe and oil pipe and is adapted to spray oil into the combustion chamber under
and around the retort, and 18 is a safety valve for the retort.
19 denotes an uptake and 191 a pipe by which the uptake communicates with a
gas main 20, and 21 is a branch leading to a steam boiler furnace. 12 is a pressure
regulator and 25 denotes a valve rod, 26 a lever loosely connected to the said rod,
22 the fulcrum of the lever and 23 the rod of a piston which receives air pressure in
the cylinder of the regulator 12 through pipe 13. This regulator controls the steam
supply to the air pump which forces air into the carbureter and in case the pressure
in the apparatus rises above the desired limit of 15 pounds, for example, it closes
or partially closes the steam inlet until the pressure falls to that predetermined, or
to 15 pounds in the case assumed.
The regulator 12¹ closes a valve in the oil pipe 9 when the pressure of carbureted
air in the chamber 4 falls below the desired limit as may happen in case of leakage
of the carbureted air or the stopping of the air pump. By this means the
flooding of the retort with oil is prevented. Both regulators are automatically
controlled by pressure from tank 4.
14 and 15 denote cocks or valves situated in the air and oil pipes respectively.
They together with similar cocks in the burner pipes, provide for suitably starting
the apparatus, which is effected by first forcing air through the oil tank and
producing the desired pressure in the carbureter, air pipes and compression
chamber 4. The cock in the air pipe of the burner is then opened for the passage
of carbureted air and afterwards the cock in the oil pipe of the burner is gradually
opened, whereupon the pressure in the system forces the air and oil out of the
burner nozzle 17, the oil being finally divided and intimately mixed with the
carbureted air. This being ignited heats the retort and thereupon air and oil are in
like manner introduced into the retort by first opening the air cock 14' and then
gradually opening the oil cock 15. The gas thus produced from the carbureted
air and oil spray is conducted to a main 20 or to a holder.
In Figure 4 are illustrated modifications of the apparatus herein described. The
carbureter 1 is furnished with a gas inlet pipe 22 whereby gas may be mingled
with the carbureted air, or in some cases substituted for it, a sufficient pressure
being assumed to exist in the supply pipe or pipes. 23 indicates a supplemental
heating apparatus for the oil and air or gas pipes. 5 denotes the cooking retort
and 24 and 25 indicate air and oil nozzles respectively. These are preferably
arranged in any usual manner for atomizing the oil. 26 denotes a gas washer or
cooler and 27 a holder. The oil receptacle provided with air or gas pipes to
maintain therein a pressure above the normal and thereby force the heavy oil to the
retort and the intimate mixture of the oil and air or other suitable fluid under
uniform and equal pressure in the retort are among the most essential features of
the improvement and the supplemental heating, washing, and holding devices may
be omitted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is:
1. The art of making gas from oil which consists in carbureting air, conveying
it under pressure to a mixing device, conveying oil to said mixer by means of
pressure in the carbureter, spraying oil by the pressure of the carbureted air into a
heated retort, the previously carbureted air being used to inject and atomize the
residual oil in the retort and conveying the cooked vapors to a main or the like,
substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of the carbureting oil tank, a device for mixing carbureted
air and oil, a retort, means for forcing air through said tank, said means being
adapted to force the carbureted air through pipes to the mixing device and thence
to the retort and also to force residual oil from the carbureter tank to said mixing
device and retort, means for heating the retort, and a gas main or the like,
substantially as set forth.

page_text: 3. The combination of the carbureting oil tank, a device for mixing carbureted
air and oil, a retort, devices for maintaining a constant level of oil in said tank,
means for forcing air therethrough, said means being adapted to force the
carbureted air through pipes to the mixing device and thence in the retort and also
to force residual oil from the carbureter tank to said mixing device and retort,
means for heating the retort, and a gas main or the like, substantially as set
forth.
4. The combination of the carbureting oil tank, a device for mixing carbureted
air and oil, a retort, means for forcing air through said tank, said means being
adapted to force the carbureted air through pipes to the mixing device and thence
to the retort and also to force residual oil from the carbureter tank to said mixing
device and retort, a regulator operated by the pressure in the carbureted air pipes
and connections, and adapted to control the air-forcing apparatus to limit such
pressure, and devices adapted to cut off the oil supply to the retort when the
pressure in the carbureter tank and communicating pipes falls below that pre-
determined, whereby oil is positively cut off from the retort, means for heating the
retort, and a gas main or the like, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 18th day of March 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.