IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDED CANDLES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Miller Clarke, of Goldington, in the County
of Herts, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
MOULDED CANDLES."
Sealed the 17th March 1857, and dated tho 18th December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Miller Clarko
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
18th December 1856.
J, GEORGE MILLER CLARKE, of Goldington, in the County of Herts, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF MOULDED CANDLES," to be as follows:-
Heretofore in making candles in moulds it has been usual to have a trough
at the filling ends of the several moulds in a frame, and the melted candle
stuff has been poured into such trough, and from it the melted candle stuff
has flowed into the several moulds; and in order to ensure the filling of all the
moulds in a frame, the trough has been filled in excess, so that the melted
candle stuff has been allowed to set and cool in the trough, as well as in the
moulds connected therewith, and such excess has been first scraped out of the
trough before delivering the candles from the several moulds, by which process
not only is there a waste of heat in melting more material than is sufficient to
fill the quantity of moulds, but the removal of the excess of candle stuff from
the troughs is attended with expense.
Now my improvements consist of combining machinery and apparatus
for filling candle moulds, by which manual labour and attention will be

page_text: greatly reduced. For these purposes the frames of moulds will not require
to have troughs thereto, and it is preferred that the moulds used should
not require to be completely filled. The frames or series of moulds are
by the machine moved under a series of funnels or filling vessels, the
ends of which come just over the openings into the filling ends of
the moulds. By means of several. cups or measuring vessels the apparatus
raises from a suitable melting vessel the melted candle stuff, each cup or
measuring vessel being arranged to contain only so much candle stuff as will
fill or nearly fill a mould, and these several cups or measuring vessels are
caused by the machine to empty themselves into the funnels or filling vessels
over the moulds. The filled moulds are moved away by the machine or
apparatus, and other frames or series of moulds are then brought into position
and similarly filled.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Miller Clarke in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 18th June 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
MILLER CLARKE, of Goldington, in the County of Herts, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of
Her, reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said George Miller Clarke, Her special licence that I, the said
George Miller Clarke, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
.others as I, the said George Miller Clarke, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter, during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MOULDED CANDLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Miller Clarke,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Miller Clarke, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
:
:
Heretofore in making candles in moulds, it has been usual to have a trough
at the filling ends of the several moulds in a frame, and the melted candle
stuff has been poured into such trough, and from it the melted candle stuff
has flowed into the several moulds, and in order to insure the filling of all the
moulds in the frame, the trough. has been filled in excess, so that the melted
candle stuff has been allowed to set and cool in the trough as well as in the
moulds connected therewith, and such excess has been first scraped out of the
trough before delivering the candles from the several moulds, by which process
not only is there a waste of heat in melting moro material than is sufficient to
fill the quantity of moulds, but the removal of the excess of candle stuff from
the troughs is attended with expense.
;
Now my improvements consist of combining machinery and apparatus
for filling candle moulds, by which means manual labour and attention
will be greatly reduced. For these purposes the frames of moulds will
not require to have troughs thereto, and it is preferred that the moulds
used should not require to be completely filled. The frames or series of
moulds are by the machine moved under a series of funnels or filling
vessels, the ends of which come just over the openings into the filling
ends of the moulds. By means of several cups or measuring vessels
the apparatus raises from a suitable melting vessel the melted candle
stuff, each cup or measuring vessel being arranged to contain only so much
candle stuff as will fill or nearly fill a mould, and these several cups or
measuring vossels are caused by the machine to empty themselves into the
funnels or filling vessels over the moulds. The filled moulds are moved away
by the machine or apparatus, and other frames or series of moulds are then
brought into position and similarly filled.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describo more fully the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, shows part of a plan of a cistern in which the melted candle
stuff is kept supplied from another vessel to constant and regulated level.
Figure 2 shows a transverse section of the vessel and apparatus therein';
and Figure 3 shows different views of one of the filling cups or measuring
vessels separately.

page_text: The apparatus contained in this cistern is to be arranged with as many cups
as there are candle moulds in each of the frames, which are to be supplied
thereby, and provision is to be made for moving up the mould frames in
succession, so as to bring the row of moulds in the frame about to be filled
correctly under the funnels or filling vessels which descend through the
bottom of the cistern from which the fluid candle stuff is taken by the cups or
measuring vessels. a is the cistern, in which the level of the melted candle
stuff is kept just above the opening into the cups or measuring vessels b, so
that such cups or measuring vessels may become supplied during the time
that one row of filled candle moulds are being moved away, and another row of
empty candle moulds are being brought into position below the cistern to be
filled. The cups or measuring vessels have axes 61, which are carried by arms
c, fixed to the axis d, which, when a row of empty candle moulds is brought
into position under the cistern, is to have a partial rotation communicated to
it in any convenient manner, by which the several cups or measuring vessels
6 will be lifted out of the melted candle stuff, and will be tilted, as indicated by
dotted lines, by the weight b³, so as to pour out their contents into the funnels
or filling vessels c¹, the lower ends of which pass through the bottom of the
cistern a.
The cups or measuring vessels are guided by a projection 6³, which
enters between the slot or space between the curved guides fixed to the
funnels or filling vessels.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not claim any of
the mechanical parts separately, nor do I confine myself to the details; but
what I claim is, the combined apparatus herein described for filling candle
moulds..
In witness whereof, I, the said George Miller Clarke, bave hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of June, in the year of
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
JNO. ALCOCK.
G. M. CLARKE. (L.S.)