IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES
Year: 1885

page_text: 914
I, JOHN HARRINGTON of "The Enamel and Cradle Spring Works" Coventry
in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of the
said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGES to be as follows:-
P
2
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The invention has for its object improvements in carriages and relates to a novel
construction and arrangement of springs for carrying the same.
In carrying my invention into effect, I form a spring by taking a rod of metal
and bending it into the form of a double spring each half of which consists of a
horizontal upper part having at each end thereof a coil from which arms extend
each in a direction contrary to that of the other; the inner arın of each half of the
spring is connected to the corresponding arm of the other half of the spring by a
cross rod or connecting piece formed of the continuous rod or wire of which the
spring is formed. and preferably provided with an eye or loop and the other arms
are also each provided with an eye or loop through which a cross rod or bar or
other means of suspension is passed.
The arms may be connected to a bar or to a half spring or other spring carried, by
the axle and the horizontal upper parts of the spring may be connected to the
carriage body or to some part carried thereby thus dispensing with the arrangement
of springs ordinarily employed in connection with carriages; or if desired I may
in some cases employ my springs in combination with some of the arrangements of
springs now in common use.
If desired a double set of these springs mounted in a similar manner may be
arranged side by side.
In some cases I may prefer to make each half of the spring separate from the
other and the method of mounting the springs may be varied according to the
kind of vehicle to which they are applied.
It will be understood that my invention is equally applicable to all kinds of
carriages whether they have two four or other number of wheels and whether they
be drawn by horses or otherwise.
Dated Amount Ofith 100K.

page_text: I JOHN HARRINGTON of "The 'Enamel and 'Cradle Spring Works" Coventry
in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention has for its object improvements in carriages and relates to a novel
construction and arrangement of springs for carrying the same.
"
In carrying, my invention into effect I form a spring by taking a rod of-metal
and bending it into the form of a double spring each half of which consists of a
horizontal part having at each end thereof a coil, from which arms extend each in
a direction contrary to that of the other; the inner arin of each half of the spring
may be connected to the corresponding arm of the other half of the spring by a
cross rod or connecting piece formed of the continuous rod or wire of which the
spring is formed and preferably provided with an eye or loop and the other arms
may also each be provided with an eye or loop through which a cross rod or bar
or other means of suspension is passed.
"
The arms may be connected to a bar or to a half spring, or other spring carried
by the axle and the horizontal parts of the spring may be connected to the carriage
body or to some part carried thereby, thus dispensing with the arrangement of
springs ordinarily employed in connection with carriages; or if desired I may in
some cases employ my springs in combination with some of the arrangements of
springs now in common use.
19 i JF
If desired a double set of these springs mounted in a similar manner may be
arranged side by side. In some cases I may prefer to make each half of the spring
separate from the other and the method of mounting the springs may be varied
according to the kind of vehicle to which they are applied.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view of a four. wheeled carriage constructed according to my
invention and Figures 2, 3 and 4 are respectively a side view, an end view and a
plan showing separately a spring and adjacent parts drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 5 is a side view of a carriage illustrating a modification and Figures 6, 7
and 8 are respectively a side view an end view and a plan showing. separately a
spring and adjacent parts drawn to an enlarged scale.,
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
The inner
In carrying my invention into effect I form a spring by taking a rod of metal
and bending it into the form of a double spring each half of which consists of a
horizontal part a having at each end thereof a coil b from which arms c c¹ extend
each arm cc¹ extending in a direction contrary to that of the other.
arm c of each half of the spring may be connected to the corresponding arm c of
the other half of the spring by a cross rod or connecting piece formed of the
continuous rod or wire of which the spring is made and preferably provided with

page_text: an eye or loop through which a cross bar or other means of suspension can be
passed. Or each half of the spring may be separate from the other and the
supporting arms c c¹ may be formed with eyes to receive a cross bar to connect the
spring with some part of the vehicle.
According to the arrangement shown in the drawings each half of the spring is
formed separate from the other and the plain ends of the supporting arms c c¹ are
passed through and by means of wedge bolts de fixed within, transverse holes d¹
formed in shafts or axes d supported with capability of rocking in bearings e¹
formed by the bifurcated ends of the curved bar e; or the supporting arms c or c¹
may in some cases be allowed to slide freely within the transverse holes d. In
the arrangement shown at Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 the curved bar e, or it might be a
balf spring or other spring, is secured to brackets f1 formed on the axle f by means
of U shaped bolts or clips f' passing around the brackets f¹ the wood or other
packing and the curved bar e.
The horizontal parts a of the springs at the fore end of the carriage are connected
to the under carriage beds g by means of plates g³ clips g² and clips or U shaped
bolts gl and at the rear end of the carriage the horizontal parts a of the springs are
connected to body loops g, of the carriage by means of bolts g¹ and clips g*.
In the modification shown at Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 the position of the spring is
reversed; the curved bar e is at the fore end of the carriage secured to the under
carriage beds g by means of U shaped bolts or clips g¹ and the corresponding bar e
at the rear end of the carriage is connected to the body loop g by means of bolts g¹,
and the spring is secured to the axle f by bolts f2, clips f and plates f³. In other
respects the arrangement of the parts is similar to that described with relation
to the previous figures.
It will be understood that my invention is equally applicable to all kinds of
carriages whether they have two four or other number of wheels and whether they
be drawn by horses or otherwise. For example some classes of velocipedes may
be fitted with springs of the character herein before described between the carriage
body and the axle and the unpleasant jolting caused by the unevenness of the road
may thus to a great extent be avoided.
I have not thought it necessary to show drawings of the method hereinbefore
referred to of combining my peculiar form of spring with other springs nor of the
method of arranging a double set of springs side by side as a skilled mechanic
will readily understand in what manner to carry this part of my invention into
effect.
The methods herein shown and described of carrying my invention into effect
are merely given by way of example and it will be readily understood that various
other arrangements may be adopted without departing from the peculiar nature of
my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
A carriage having interposed between the body thereof or some part carried
thereby and the axle, or spring or springs constructed and arranged in manner
substantially as herein shown and described.