Improvements in. Yarn-winding Machinery.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Appl cation, 26th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 24th June, 1889-Accepted. 7th Sept. 1889
PROVISIONAI, SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in. Yarn-winding Machinery.
I, JOHN DEMPSTER WHYTE, of 8 South Parade Manchester, Yarn Agent do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Improvements in the methods of yarn-winding referred to in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me and dated 12th September 1887, No. 12331. These
are chiefly an improved building of the cop, another method of procuring a suitable
traversing movement, and a method of varying the speed of spindles or shafts.
In the formation of a cop which may be built upon the bare spindle by the
method described in the aforesaid Patent, it may be desired that the cop should
have a thick and square or slightly rounded beginning instead of a tapering
or conical beginning. For this purpose, I employ a small grooved rod in such a
manner that the length of the traversing movement for laying the thread upon
the spindle is gradually increased at the beginning of the cop. This grooved rod
is nearer to the spindle at that part of the spindle where the forming of the cop begins
than at a given part of the spindle a little nearer to its point, and from that latter
part of the spindle to its point the remainder of the grooved rod is parallel with the
spindle. Instead of being pivotted on the half-nut which is moved along by the
screw, the thread-guide is pivotted on a movable plate ou the top of the half-nut
block, which plate may be caused to slide towards or away from the spindle by a small
projection hanging down from the plate into the groove of the grooved rod. As the
pivot is in a slot cut lengthwise in the thread-guide, the movement of the plate moves
the pivot in that slot, thereby the pivotting point is moved and the traversing move-
ment is lengthened or shortened accordingly. As the half-nut carrying this plate and
thread-guide is moved towards the point of the spindle by the screw, that projection
from the plate, being in the groove of the grooved rod, will move the plate further
from the spindle until it comes into the parallel part of the grooved rod, then as it
moves along that parallel part of the grooved rod, the movable plate will continue to
be at the same distance from the spindle. The plate is, at the beginning of the
formation of a cop so near the spindle that the thread-guide will form a very short
traversing movement, then as the plate is being moved gradually further away from
the spindle (whilst the thread-guide and plate are being moved on towards the point
of the spindle) the thread-guide from pivot to spindle will be lengthened, and the
traversing movement will thereby be proportionately lengthened. The result of these
movements is that the forming of the cop begins with a very short traversing move-
ment, then as the onward progress of the thread-guide towards the point of the
spindle carries each layer of thread nearer to the point of the spindle, the lengthening
of the traversing movement at the same time carries each layer of thread back to or
near the beginning of the cop as may be desired. This will continue until the
parallel part of the grooved rod presents any further lengthening of the traversing
movement.
Another method of making the traversing movement may be preferred for certain
kinds of yarn.
Instead of oscillating the thread-guide, the cam may be so adjusted
that it will cause the spindle to move backwards and forwards so that no traversing
movement of the thread-guide is necessary. Instead of that which is guiding on
the thread being caused to " traverse," that upon which the thread is guided is
caused to "traverse," and an equal regularity in the laying on of the thread is
secured. The screw-threaded shaft will still give the thread-guide the necessary
onward progress towards the point of the spindle for the proper building of
the cop.
It may be desirable to impart variable speed to the screw-threaded shaft more

page_text: As this
easily than by the method described in the aforesaid Specification. For this purpose,
a friction wheel, cone-shaped, larger or smaller in the length and incline of the cone
as may be desired, is placed upon the driving end of the spindle. Parallel with
that part of the spindle is a shaft which is the means of conveying the driving power
from the spindle to the screw. Upon that shaft is placed a second friction wheel,
Between the two cones and
cone-shaped, with the same incline as the first cone.
on its own spindle or shaft is a small friction wheel held in contact with both
cones, so that the first cone by driving it will drive the second cone.
intermediate wheel is between a small part of the first cone and a large part of
the second cone, or it may be between a smaller part of the first cone and a
larger part of the second cone, the speed of the second cono will be altered
accordingly. The two cones may be of any suitable length and of any size suitably
proportionate to each other, so that a greater or less and a slower or quicker
change of speed may be secured. This cone-driving principle may be applied to
the spindle so that its speed changes as the yarn is being laid upon the cop at
the small nose end or at the thicker part of the cop.
These improvements are also applicable to other kinds of winding machines or
imachines with yarn-winding appliances besides those referred to in my Specification
of Letters Patent No. 12331-1887.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Yarn-winding Machinery.
1, JOHN DEMPSTER WHYTE, of 8 South Parade, Manchester, Yarn Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Improvements in the methods of yarn-winding referred to in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to me and dated 12th September 1887, No. 12331. These
improvements are in methods of varying the speed of cop-building motions, in
methods of building and shaping cops, and in methods of traversing a thread or
throads of yarn when being wound in bobbin or in cop forms.
In order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may be
properly understood, I will now proceed to describe the same in detail, with
references to the accompanying explanatory Drawings which I have marked with
figures corresponding with those in the following description. The same reference
figures are applied to the same parts wherever they may be repeated.
Figure 1 is a transverse section of a machine with so much of the mechanism
shown as illustrates one of my methods of varying the speed of cop-building motions.
Parallel with a spindle 1 is a small shaft. 3 upon which a cam 4 is so adjusted that
whilst the shaft 3 revolves, and, by means of a fixed key upon it, causes the cam to
revolve with it, the cam may at, the same time be caused to slide along upon its shaft.
Parallel with the spindle I and cam shaft 3 is a small shaft 6 which has a screw
thread upon so much of its length as will give any length of cop which may be
desired. A half-nut 7, being held in contact with the screw by the rod 8, is carried
upward by the screw. An arm 9 extends from the half-nut to the cam and is
adjusted upon the boss of the cam in such a manner, that said half-nut, as it rises,
carries the cam upward with it, without retarding the cam's revolution. A thread-
guide 10 is placed across the cam with a finger on each side of the cam, so that the
oscillatory revolution of the cam gives the necessary traversing or to-and-fro motion
for the laying on of the yarn upon the spindle, whilst the progress of the cam towards
the point of the spindle is properly building the yarn into cop form 2. Inasmuch as
quicker or slower progress in that onward movement of the cam will build yarns of
uniform thickness into smaller or thicker cop form, and as for fine yarns a slower
progress and for coarse yarns a quicker progress in that onward movement of the cam

page_text: is necessary, an easy method of altering that rate of progress is desirable, so that cops
may be built smaller or thicker as may be desired, and so that different counts or
thicknesses of yarns may be built into uniform thickness of cops. B is a shaft
extending the entire length of the machine and is driven at a suitably slow speed
arranged in any suitable manner at the end of the machine. Upon this shaft B is
fixed a wheel 12, the side of which will, by frictional contact, cause a friction wheel 13,
which is fixed upon the lower end of the screw-threaded shaft 6, to revolve. The
wheel 12 will thus give the requisite revolving movement to the screw-threaded shaft.
The wheel 13 is so adjusted upon that screw-threaded shaft that it may be fixed upon
it higher or lower as desired for the purpose of placing the wheel 13 in contact with
the wheel 12 nearer to or farther from the edge of said wheel 12. As the wheel 13
is near the edge of wheel 12, the wheel 13 will be moved proportionately quicker than
when it is farther from said edge. Therefore the fixing of wheel 13 higher or lower
upon the screw-threaded shaft 6 may regulate to any less or greater degree as required
the speed of the revolution of the screw. Each wheel 12 may he arranged to drive
two or four screw-threaded shafts. In the latter case, the spindles should be in oblique
or horizontal positions, so that two friction wheels 13 could be on each side of one
wheel 12. A bracketed frame consisting of brackets 14 and 15 and their connecting
piece 151 carries the cam shaft 3 and screw-threaded shaft 6. These two small shafts
revolve in brackets 14 and 15. On each end of bracket 15 is a round projection_152
(Figures 4 and 5) which so rests on hearings in the rails 16 that when the wedge-
block 22 is withdrawn from its position at the side of bracket 14, the bracketed frame
will fall so much out of its perpendicular against rail 23, that the friction wheel 13 on
the lower end of shaft 6 will be thrown off its frictional contact with wheel 12, and
the lower end of shaft 3 will throw the spindle band off the fast pulley on to the loose
pulley 25 on the driving shaft A. This latter moving of the spindle band may be
done by means of a suitable fork 26 hung on the end of the cam shaft loosely so
as not to revolve with it, or by any other suitable means of applying the throwing-
forward movement of the end of the cam shaft to a throwing of the spindle band on
to the loose pulley. As the cam shaft is driven from the spindle, that falling of the
bracketed frame out of its perpendicular position in the manner described, stops
spindle, cam, and screw simultaneously. As a thread is drawn from the swift 17 or
from a bobbin or cop suitably placed, it passes through the eye 18 of a drop-wire 20
and holds the same out of contact with the projection 19 upon the top of the revolving
cam shaft. Upon the breaking of the thread and the consequent falling of the drop-
wire the projection 19 will pull said drop-wire so that the lever 21 fulcrumed by a pin
on the rail 23 will raise the wedge-block 22 out of its place and thus allow the
bracketed frame to fall out of its perpendicular position with the stop-motion result as
already described. When the broken thread has been pieced up, the worker simply
moves the top of the bracketed piece so as to allow the wedge-block to drop into its
position again, and thus wheel 13 will be again in frictional contact with wheel 12 and
the spindle band will be moved on to the fast pulley. When a cop is formed of
requisite length a downward finger 24 from the wedge-block 22 is pushed by the
approaching half-nut 7 out of its place with the same stop-motion result as already
described. The worker then by means of a lever 5 upon the rail 16 which lever
is fixed to the lower end of rod 8, releases the half-nut from the screw and allows
the half-nut and the cam to fall or to be moved down to the collar which is
fixed upon the shaft 3 at such part as gives the desired beginning of the formation of
a cop.
The screw-threaded shaft may be driven by means of a frictional cone which is
fixed upon one end of it. Another frictional cone which is fixed on its own shaft
parallel with the screw-threaded shaft is driven at a suitably slow speed as may
be arranged from a shaft extending the entire length of the machine. The sides
of the two cones must be parallel with each other. Between these, and loose upon
its own shaft is a small friction wheel held in contact with the frictional sides of
the two cones, so that the driving cone communicates its driving power to the cone
on the screw-threaded shaft by means of that intermediate friction wheel. By

page_text: moving the intermediate friction wheel so as to be nearer the base of one conė
whilst it is thus farther from the base of the other cone, or vice versa, the rate of
revolution of the cone which is on the screw-threaded shaft will be altered
accordingly. The two cones may be of any suitable length and of any size suitably
proportionate to each other, so that a greater or less change of the speed of the
screw may be procured, and thereby a corresponding alteration in the rate of the
progress of the cam in building the cop thicker or smaller or in building different
thicknesses of yarn into one thickness of cop can be easily arranged. This principle
of driving by cones could be employed in causing the revolution of a shaft that
would drive, by spur wheels or in any ordinary manner, several screw-threaded
shafts. In that case the speed of the several screws would of necessity be the
same.
Figure 2 illustrates a similar arrangement of spindle and cam to that in Figure 1,
and with large wheels in the middle of the machine to give the slow forward movement
of the cam with speed that may be easily varied, but with the screw-threaded shaft
omitted. Upon the shaft B is adjusted an arm 28 which by means of its frictional
pad 29 is in frictional contact with the frictional side of wheel 27. This arm 28
loosely encircles the shaft B and extends in length a little beyond the edge of the
wheel 27. It has a slot to allow the frictional pad 29 to be fixed nearer to or farther
from the edge of the wheel, so that the progressive movement of the pad 29 whilst
in frictional contact may be quicker or slower as desired. To that pad is secured a
cord which passes upward and over a roller 30 down to the sliding-piece 31 and
secured to the same, so that whilst the pad 29 by its frictional contact with the
wheel 27 is slowly carried round so far as required, the cord raises the sliding-piece 31
along its shaft. As the sliding-piece carries upward with it the cam and thread-guido,
the same cop-building results as already described are effected. Each wheel 27
may actuate the movement for four spindles, two being on each side of said wheel.
The stop-motion under this arrangement is effected by a drop-wire 33 which upon
the breaking of a thread drops and comes into contact with the projection 19 on
the cam shaft which causes it to pull forward the arm 32 (Figure 3) on the upper
end of the rod 39, so that the rod 39 is turned partly round. This turning of the
rod 39 brings its thicker square part against the outer end of the arm 28 in such a
manner that that arm being in two parts hinged to each other at a short distance from
the shaft B is moved away from the wheel 27 sufficiently to take the pad 29 out of
frictional contact with said wheel. The rod 39 is held in this position by a small
catch 34 (Figure 3) which drops behind the arm 32. When a thread has been pieced
up, the worker simply raises the catch 34, and the rod is turned back into its original
position by means of a spring 35 pressing the hinged part of the arm 28 towards the
wheel 27 sufficiently to put the pad 29 in frictional contact again. To prevent the
sliding-piece 31 from falling when the pad 29 is out of frictional contact, one side of
the shaft 40 upon which the sliding-piece 31 slides may be serrated so as to catch a
small spring or pawl under the piece 31. Near the lower end of rod 39 is a small
projecting arm 36 which holds the spindle band in a fork so that the rod when turned
partly round as above described will move the band on to the loose pulley to stop the
spindle. When a cop is complete, an upright finger 37 upon the sliding-piece 31
pushes a small weighted piece 38 which is hinged on the arin 32 so that it falls over
on to the drop-wire 33 and thus causes said drop-wire to drop in the same manner
and with the same results as when a thread breaks.
That the beginning of a cop may not be tapering or conical as at the nose of the
cop, but
may have a thick and square or slightly rounded beginning, the traversing
movement is shorter at the beginning than after the desired thickness of the cop has
been built up. The rod 8 as in Figure 1 which holds the half-nut 7 upon the screw
is, at its lower end, slightly curved towards the spindle and has a slot throughout the
greater part of its length. The pivot upon which the end of the thread-guide 10 is
placed is free to slide up or down in the slot in the rod 8. The pivot, being hinged
on to the half-nut and only the upper part of said pivot being fitted to slide in said
slot, leans towards the spindle whilst it is in the curved lower part of the rod. As

page_text: the half-nut is slowly carried upward, the top of the pivot gradually recedes from the
spindle, until the pivot, having slid along the curved part, is now in the straight part
of the rod. Thus whilst the top of the pivot is caused to lean towards the spindle
when near the bottom of the rod, the tips of the fingers of the thread-guide 10 which
are in contact with the sides of the cam 4 are farther from the edge of the
cam, and thereby give the thread-guide a short throw which short throw gives
a correspondingly short traverse in the laying on of the yarn upon the spindle.
As the curved part of the rod makes the top of the pivot gradually recede from
the spindle, so the tips of the fingers upon the sides of the cam gradually
approach the edge of the cam and thereby the throw of the thread-guide and the
corresponding traverse in the laying on of the yarn upon the spindle become gradually
longer until the top of the pivot has begun to travel along the straight part of the rod
and the throw of the thread-guide and the longth of the traverse will then continue
unaltered until the cop is finished and the cam and thread-guide are lowered to
begin a new cop. It will be understood that the onward movement of the half-nut so
far counteracts the lengthening of the traverse that the thread will not be traversed
back beyond the beginning of the cop, but all the lengthening of the traverse will go
in the direction of the point of the spindle, thereby forming a conical foundation
of the cop. This method of shaping the cop is applicable to the arrangement of
parts in Figure 2 as well as to those in Figure 1, rod 8 actuating the pivot on
the sliding piece 31 in the same manner as it actuates the pivot on the half-nut 7.
Another method of making the traversing movement may be preferably adopted
for certain kinds of yarns to be wound upon pirns, or spools, or tubes with a slow
traverse. Instead of oscillating the thread-guide, the cam may be so adjusted that it
will cause the spindle to move backwards and forwards so as to receive the laying on
of the thread with the requisite traverse. Instead of that which is guiding on the
thread being caused to traverse, that upon which the thread is guided is caused to
traverse, and an equal regularity in the laying on of the thread may be secured.
A horizontal arrangement of spindle and parallel shafts should be used in this case,
and the spindle should have a suitably wide pulley upon it for the band to run upon.
The thread-guide will have no traversing movement, but will be fixed to a half-nut
like 7 in Figure 1, or to a sliding-piece like 31 in Figure 2, according to the method
adopted.
It will be understood that whilst I have described and illustrated a vertical arrange-
ment of spindles and their parallel shafts, said spindles and their parallel shafts may
be arranged in oblique or horizontal positions, provided the necessary alterations in
the application of driving and stop motions are made; further, that any such number
of spindles as is desired may be arranged in the length of a machine, each one having
its accompanying traversing motions; and further that, whilst only one thread is
represented as being wound in Figures 1 and 2, two or more threads may be wound
at the same time, in which case drop-wires for each thread can be arranged.
The improvements now described are applicable in some parts to other kinds of
winding machinery or machines with yarn-winding appliances besides those for
winding into cop form such as hereinbefore referred to. My method of altering the
length of the traverse may be advantageously employed in winding yarns into warping
bobbin shape on paper tubes without Hanges at the ends. The cam with fingers of a
thread-guide in touch with each side of said cam will give the necessary quick
traverse in the laying on of the yarn upon the tubes from end to end of the
same, and the slow movement of the tips of the fingers farther from the edge of
the cam will shorten the traversing movement and thereby build up the bobbin shape
with conical ends. This may be arranged by means of a small roller attached to and
underneath the guiding end of the thread-guide, which roller will rest upon the yarn
wound upon the tube, and will therefore, as the bulk of yarn upon the tube is
gradually increasing, gradually raise or otherwise suitably move the guiding end of
the thread-guide so as to gradually move the tips of the fingers which are in touch
with the sides of the cam farther from the edge of the cam, and thereby gradually
shorten the traverse of yarn upon the tube.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. The combination and arrangement of the wheels 12 and 13 in conjunction with
the screw 6 and the cam 4, and operating substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described with reference to Figure 1 on the accompanying Drawings.
2. The combination and arrangement of the wheel 27 and the arm 28 with its
pad 29 in conjunction with the sliding-piece 31 and the cam 4 and operating sub-
stantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 2
on the accompanying Drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of the stop-motion mechanism operating sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein before described with reference to Figure 1
on the accompanying Drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of the stop-motion mechanism operating
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 2
on the accompanying Drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of cones and intermediato friction wheel for
imparting variable speed to tho hereinbefore described cop-building motions, operating
substantially as and for that purpose as hereinbefore described.
6. The combination and arrangement of the fingers of the thread-guide 10 upon
the cam 4 and the pivot in the slot of the curved rod 8, means whereby the traverse
of the thread-guide 10 in forming the beginning of a cop may be lengthened or
shortened, operating substantially as and for the purposes as hereinbefore described.
7. The combination and arrangement of the fingers of a thread-guide upon a cam,
and the application of the same to the shortening of the traverse in winding yarns
into bobbin form upon horizontal tubes, operating substantially as and for that
purpose as herein before described.
Dated this 22nd day of June 1889.