IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRESSES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN LITHOGRAPHIC PRESSES A communication
to him from abroad by E. Lapeyre, of Paris, France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st November 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
LITHOGRAPHIC PRESSES," a communication to me from abroad by E. Lapeyre, of
Paris, France,
This invention has for its object to construct a rapidly working press with
perpendicularly applied pressure and automatic moistener. This press comprises
two wooden or iron frames united with each-other by stays and bolts, and
carrying in the centre a wooden or iron cylinder. At its front end is placed
a pulley over which passes a rope fixed with one end to the front of the
carriage and from which rope is suspended a weight provided with a pulley, while
the other end is attached to the front beam or traverse. The rear end of each
frame carries a bearing in which turns a shaft carrying the disc or drum.
shaft has at its centre a bobbin on which is wound the band or strap serving to
move the carriage. This press thus differs from older ones chiefly by the
omission of the rake (which is replaced by a cylinder) by its perpendicular instead
of sliding pressure, and its automatic moistener. The moistener is composed
This
of three distinct parts, namely the part which moistens the stone, that which
lifts it, and that which moves it forward. The part which moistens the
stone is composed of three rollers of textile material, each having in its
interior a rod of galvanised or varnished iron. The pivots of the first roller
are held in their bearings by two pieces screwed to the arms of the moistener,
while the second and third rollers are supported by open bearings.
In front
of the second roller is placed a galvanised iron rod screwed at each end, and
serving as a stay between the two arms. This rod supports four pieces of zinc
bent so as to form a tube, sliding freely on the rod and carrying two flat portions
[Price 8d.1

page_text: '
provided with holes for a thread and between which is passed a band of fine cloth
sewn so as to form three tubes which are filled with shot. Underneath and in
contact with the pieces of zinc is sewn a band of velvet, silk or fine cloth projecting
over the three tubes, and the four zinc pieces are held apart by three branches of
copper the ends of which are soldered to the zinc. This band serves to remove the
excess of water and to equalise the moistening. The part which lifts the stone is
composed as follows: A flat-iron rod bent at each end." These ends are screwed
to the outside of the lower frame of the press. To the centre is rivetted a strap
which receives the tenon of a piece having a strap at its other end, but turned in
the opposite direction, and surrounding a flat iron bar. This bar is hinged to a
strap and carries at its rear end a rack on which is placed a counterweight, and it
is bent so as to raise its right end. This end is held in the strap of another piece
carrying at its opposite end a strap turned in the contrary direction and attached
to the centre of a bar laid across the press, one end of which bar is movable in
another strap placed on the lower traverse of the rear frame, while the other passes
between two uprights which form a slide. It has at this end a strap which holds
the tenon of another piece having at its other extremity a projecting button. Near
the bends of the said iron stay are rivetted two iron pieces slightly cambered
backward and forming a strap. They are twice bent at a right angle so that the
last branches give room for pulleys which move on iron pieces into which enter
the top of-round-stays. These pieces are held in the required position by a set
screw. The part which moves the stone forward is constructed as follows: The
To an
longitudinal beams of the under frame of the press are fixed over boxes.
iron bar are welded two plates at a distance from each other equal to the width
of the press. The ends of this bar are provided with a screw-thread and a nut.
After this bar has been placed between the bearings, its square portion corre-
sponding to the rear of the press is provided with a piece enlarged at its two ends,
and having a square hole fitting the square of the bar; it is screwed against the
plate. At the other extremity is a strap to receive a rod which opens or closes a
- parallelogram. On the square portion corresponding to the front of the press is
placed a piece provided with a square hole fitting the square of the bar, and fixed
by a nut. It has at its right end a strap which opens or closes the parallelogram,
and a piece which carries it back into its original position by means of a counter-
weight. The said rods have near one end a round hole into which enter pins of
the movable branches of the parallelograms.
The second hole receives a rod the
other end of which enters a strap of another rod carrying a counterweight. This
rod has a'so a round hole to receive a pivot, fixed at the back of the upright and
serving as axis to the bar with the counterweight. The other end carries the rack
on which is placed this counterweight serving to close the parallelogram

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st May 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
LITHOGRAPHIC PRESSES a communication to me from abroad by E. Lapeyre, of
Paris, France,
This invention has for its object to construct a rapidly working press with
perpendicularly applied pressure and automatic moistener.
The press comprises two wooden or cast iron frames connected with each other
by cross pieces and bolts and carrying in the centre a wooden or iron cylinder.
At its front end is placed a pulley over which passes a ropo fixed with one end
to the front of the carriage, and from which rope is suspended a weight provided
with a pulley, while the other end is attached to the front beam, or traverse; the
weight slides in the loop formed by the rope.
At the rear end of the press is situated on each frame a bearing in which turns
the shaft carrying the disc or drum.
This shaft has at its centre a bobbin on which is wound the band or strap
serving to move the carriage and causing it to pass under the presser.
This press thus differs from the presses hitherto known chiefly by the omission
of the rake (which is replaced by a cylinder), by its perpendicular instead of
sliding pressure and its automatic moistener.
This moistener may be used independently of the mechanism of the press proper,
that is to say by removing the small bolt T (figures 1 and 4), the moistener may be
set out of action, without interfering with the operation of printing.
The Cylinder carrier A, figures 1, 2 and 6, consists of a wooden beam provided at
its centre with a mortice or with two strong iron plates connected with each
other in such a manner as to leave an interval between; in this mortice or in the
said interval is situated a movable iron bar B, figure 6, secured by the bolt C
figures 1, 2, and 6.
This bar is furnished with two plates made level with the bar and forming a
groove large enough to receive the two brackets D, carrying the bearings in which
turns the Cylinder see figures 12 and 6; figure 3 represents such a bracket on a
larger scale.
The plates where they receive the bolt C (figures 1 and 6) are strengthened by an
iron collar, the bolt holes are made larger than the diameter of the bolt so as to be
capable to receive a steel tube or bushing which is introduced into these holes,
after the piece has been mounted, and firmly rivetted in the same.
The iron bar forming the bottom of the groove is provided with tapped holes
corresponding to the holes of the bracket D (figure 3); these holes serve to fix the
journals of the cylinder by means of bolts E (figure 3).
If the cylinder carrier is made of wood, it is furnished at its front and rear
with strong iron plates F at the place where it receives the bolt C.
Both extremities of the cylinder carrier are furnished with an iron hoop G
provided below with a rectangular hole, and at the upper part with a round holo
corresponding to the rectangular hole.
Fixed in the upper hole are the thumb screws H and H¹.
The wood of the cylinder carrier is also perforated at the two extremities by
rectangular holes, corresponding to the holes in the hoop. These holes receive the
ron rods I and I' which are screwed to the thumb screws H and H
The upper parts of the rods I, I' are round and screwthreaded while the centre is

page_text: square, the lower part of the rod I is provided at its end with a hook placed in the
prolongation of the screwed part and the rectangular part; the rod I' is alsó
provided with a hook at its end.
At some distance from the hook of the rod I is soldered an arm K provided at
its end with a socket.
The rod carries an arm K¹ similar to the arm K.
These sockets serve to receive the eye bolt J (figure 8) which are screwthreaded on
their whole length and provided at their lower end with a flat ring L for receiving
a pin.
The eye bolts J carry two screws one of which is situated above and the other
below the socket; the lower screw serves to adjust the socket and consequently
also the cylinder at the required height, while the lower one serves to firmly fix
the socket.
The flat ring or eye of the eyebolt T (fig. 8) is received by the mortice of the
support M. (figs 1 and 6) and is connected with the same by a pin passing through
both, the two parts thus serving as a hinge joint to the cylinder carrier which
may in this manner be raised as shown in fig. 1 and lowered as shown in fig. 6.
For the purpose of firmly fixing the supports M the ends of the latter are bent
off at right angles forming a projection which is perforated.
The pin which connects the eyebolt T to the support M is provided at the
exterior with a head having a projection which prevents the pin to shift. The pin
is tapped in its centre for the purpose of receiving a screw maintaining a collar
which is somewhat larger than the hole through which passes the pin.
The head of the screw is sunk in the said collar.
At the centre of the cylinder carrier and fixed to the same by means of four arms
is placed a connecting rod, bent off at an angle and provided at the upper end
with a ring to which are attached two wires connected with ropes by means of
small chains.
One of these ropes passes over the pulley P and the other one over the pulley Pl
The weights suspended at the other ends of these ropes facilitate the raising and
lowering of the cylinder carrier.
When the cylinder carrier is raised, as shown in fig: 1, the weight at the back
rests in the box Q, and when the cylinder carrier is lowered as shown in figure 6, the
weight in front rests in the opposite box Q.
Through the cylinder O passes a square iron rod the ends of which are
turned.
The pressure is given by means of two parallel flat iron bars R, figures 1 and 6,
bent off in such a manner as to reach through the frame of the press; they are
connected together in the centre, and their breadth gradually diminishes towards
both extremities. The bars R are connected together by means of two bolts
passing through the same, two small pieces of iron S are interposed between them
in such a manner as to leave an opening receiving the rack S₁, which connects the
two bars with the treadle by means of an iron pin placed in one of the holes of
the rack.
At the inner ends of the two bars is placed a pulley T. The other ends, which
are the fixed points of pressure, are perforated and pass through a strap or guide
which is also perforated, the bars are fixed by an iron pin T¹.
The upper part of the bearings R¹ of the press blocks V and V' is provided with
a tapped hole which receives a screw which presses from above on the bars R.
The treadle consists of two parts, first of the treadle proper, and second of a
wooden or cast iron piece U₁ placed at the end of the press between the two
longitudinal cross pieces of the arm.
This piece U is maintained between the two longitudinal bottom cross pieces.
1). in the front frame by means of an iron rail provided with a journal passing
through the frame and with a flat piece of iron bent off at a right angle enclosing
the front and under part of the bottom cross piece; this piece is provided with a
hole in which works the journal, The round part of the journal projects to the

page_text: outside, while the other part which is square passes into the iron piece U¹ situated
at the extremity of the treadle, and is capable of being adjusted.
The rail is fixed to the piece U₁ by means of a counter plate and two bolts which
pass through the three parts.
2. The piece U' is fixed to the back frame by means of a rail which is less thick
than that by which the piece U is fastened to the front frame, the journal of this
rail passes through a flat iron bar similar to that in front and is fixed to the cross.
piece; the rail is fixed to U₁ by means of a counterplate and two bolts.
After the printer has blackened the stone and placed the paper on the same, he
lowers the cylinder carrier; in its fall the teeth or pawls of I and I' remove the
blocks V and V₁ and enter into the rectangular holes; at this moment the
springs X and X, acting in the opposite direction, replace the said blocks in their
position and the two hooks of the iron parts of the cylinder carrier engage in the
slots, and then the press occupies the position shown in figure 6.
The forks R shown in figure 1, and on a larger scale in figures 7 and 8, lift the two
connecting rods ✗ of the moistener; the printer then presses on the treadle to give
the pressure and by turning the wheel A or the handle B forces the carriage to
pass under the cylinder.
If a strong pressure is required the knob 4, figure 13, is pushed in the direction
indicated by the arrow towards the stop 2 which serves as a guide; by this motion
the thumb screws H, H' are caused to make one half of a revolution whereby the
pressure is increased.
As soon as the printer bas depressed the treadle, he turns the handle Y (figures 1
and 6), and the hook Y¹ of the connecting rod maintains the treadle and the
printer is no longer required to hold the same with the foot.
On the cylinder carrier are situated two flat iron rods, represented in figure 13 by
dark lines, and provided at their ends with chains composed of flat rings, which
chain is from four to five centimetres longer than the circumference of the base of
the thumb screws;
the two ends of these chains are attached to the rods in such a
manner that they pass over the base of the thumb-screws H and H with slight
friction.
The ring in the centre of this chain is fixed to the thumb-screw by means of
the small screws 3, 3¹, shewn in figure 14, one in front and one in the rear. It
will be easily understood that by pushing the knob 4 in the direction indicated by
the arrow towards the guide 2 the thumb-screws H and H make one half
revolution.
The thumb-screws could be caused to make one and a half revolution by winding
the chain round the thumb-screws.
Those motions might be obtained by means of a rack and pinion.
The crank B* turns the small cylinder D' round which is wound a rope passing
over the cylinder E' to which it is fixed.
When the carriage stops, the treadle is depressed which causes the hook Y¹ to
release the same, and the spring situated near the hook Y', replaces the rod and
the small handle into their original position, whereupon the treadle is released as
in ordinary presses.
The treadle as well as well as the bars R are replaced into their original position
by means of the counter-weight Z, after which the cylinder carrier is raised.
The hook of the front piece I, G, is in the prolongation of the centre line of the
screw-threaded part and of the rectangular part, which in itself is not forming
a lever, but when the cylinder carrier is lowered the hook engages in the
(rectangular) slot of the iron piece V shewn in figure 1. and on a larger scalo in
figure 11. the part C of this piece bent at a right angle passes under the slightly
bent arm K, owing to the pressure produced by the spring ✗.
This cross-head being engaged by the hook and its swinging motion arrested by
the bent part O produces the same effect as if the whole were made of one piece.
In the tube is placed a strong helical spring, and a small cylinder e, see

page_text: figures 1 and 11, provided at its top with a flat part and having in its centre a
screw-spindle.
On this spindle is screwed a round nut which enters easily into the tube and
rests on the helical spring.
If now it is required to raise and lower the cylinder in proportion to the
thickness of the stone, the height of this is easily adjusted for the left side by
raising or lowering the lock nut and for the right side by loosening or tightening
the round nut situated on the screw spindle of the small cylinder e.
The pressure applied to the lever A' actuates the two articulated rods h¹ and h,
figures 1, 6 and 7, situated on the rear of the cylinder carrier. These articulated
rods displace the two pressure guides sufficiently to cause the two hooks of the
pieces I and I¹ to disengage themselves from the slots in which they have entered,
and the cylinder carrier thus disengaged and assisted by the counter-weight Q is
replaced with slight effort into the position shewn in figure 1.
.
The articulated piece producing this effect is composed of the following parts-
1, a lever A¹ hinged at B₁ (figure 1). Below this lever is situated a spring
for the purpose of maintaining the same position. The two arms forming a
cross-head (or T) are provided with round holes which receive a screw-threaded
iron rod.
This rod is provided with a nut and a lock nut for the purpose of fixing the
same to the cross-head.
To the ends of these arms is screwed a zinc or tin ball. These balls work in
the ball joints N and N¹ figures 1 and 6 of the articulated piece and form its two
first arms.
The two other arms, made of flat iron, are turned towards the pieces I and I,
carrying the hooks, the said arms are bent off in such a manner as to be received by
the small casings o and o¹, figures 1 and 6, to which they are secured by means of-a-
slightly conical pin, and in which they are moveable.
Leaving these casings each of these arms is bent in such a manner that its
extremity is situated near the hook and at the same height.
At each of the extremities r and 7 is a swelling; these swellings are perforated
and tapped to receive screw-threaded iron rods (these rods press against the press
blocks or guides when the printer lifts the lever A¹ for the purpose of raising the
cylinder carrier).
'
The said screw-threaded rods are loosened or tightened for the purpose of
adjusting the same to the necessary length so as to be capable of setting the said
guides to the required distance for disengaging the hooks of the pieces I and I'
from the slots (this length varies according to the thickness of the stones)
After this the printed sheet may be removed and the printing continued.
If the moistener is to be put in action the casing a' (figures 1, and 6.) in which
the moistener rests is put in its place.
The cross-piece C (figure 1.) is placed before the stone serving to fix the same
by means of two keys. On this cross-piece is placed the plate d, figure 1, (on
which falls the moistener) in such a manner that its rim touches the stone.
Before placing the stop T of the moistener, the cylinder carrier is lowered, the
carriage is operated for the purpose of regulating its travel after which the stop T
is put in its place.
The moistener is composed of three distinct parts, namely, the part which
moistens the stone, that which lifts it and that which moves it forward.
The part which moistens the stone is composed of three rollers of textile
material, cach having in its interior a rod of galvanised or varnished iron. The
pivots of the first roller A³ engage in a notch situated on the top of the arms x
of the moistener and are maintained at a slight friction but without too much
clearance by the pieces ¹ fixed on these arms by two small screws placed at each
of their extremities.

page_text: The pivot of the second roller Bª is held in a groove, in which it moves up and
down.
The pivot of the third roller C is also held in a groove and closes the empty
space left by the two others.
In front of the second roller B³ is placed a galvanised iron rod screw-threaded at
each end.
These ends are received by the holes D³ situated at the end of each arm x; they
maintain their inclination by means of two interior nuts and two other nuts which
press these arms against the interior nuts.
This rod supports four pieces of zinc bent so as to form a tube sliding freely on
the rod and carrying two flat portions provided with holes for a thread, and
between which is passed a band of fine light cloth F³ sewn so as to form three tubes
which are filled with the finest shot.
Underneath and in contact with the pieces of zinc is sewn a band of silk velvet
or other suitable fine cloth, projecting over the three tubes and the 4 zinc pieces;
and held apart by three branches of copper, the ends of which are soldered to the
zinc and serve to connect the bands of cloth carrying the three tubes. This band
serves to remove the excess of water and to equalise the moistening.
The part which lifts the moistener is composed as follows:-
A flat iron rod bent at each end at a right angle g, figures 1 and 6.
These two ends are perforated and are screwed to the outside of the lower frame
of the press.
To the centre is rivetted a strap h, figures 1 and 6, which receives the tenon of
the piece i having a strap at its other end but turned in the opposite direction,
this strap surrounds the flat iron bar j. This bar is hinged to a strap k and carries
at its rear end a rack on which is placed a counter-weight 7, and is bent so as to
raise its right end, this extremity forms a tenon and is received by the strap of the
piece m, carrying at its other end a strap turned in the contrary direction and
attached to the centre of the bar n laid across the press, one end of which bar is
moveable in the strap o situated on the lower traverse of the rear frame while the
other passes between two uprights p p and p¹ which form a slide.
It has at this end a strap which holds the tenon of the piece g, having at its other
extremity a projecting button.
Near the bends of the rod g, and on the bent part are rivetted two iron pieces S
slightly cambered backward and forming a strap i. They are twice bent at a right
angle, so that the last branches give room for the pulleys v³ figure 7. These
pulleys move on the iron pieces, figures 7, and 9 into which enter the tops of
round stays t.
These pieces are held in the required position by a set screw. Consequently by
lowering the knob q so as to come in contact with the treadle p the pulleys and
the moistener are raised.
2. The part which moves the moistener forward.
Over the boxes A' are fixed the longitudinal traverses of the upper frames of
the press; two double T irons B*, Fig. 1, carry the bushes.
To the iron bar C³ (Fig. 7) are welded two plates at a distance from each other
equal to the width of the press. The inner part which touches these plates is
turned and works in the bushes of the T irons.
The ends of this bar are screw threaded and tapped for the purpose of receiving
a nut.
After this bar has been placed between the bearings, its square portion corre-
sponding to the rear of the press is provided with a piece D2 enlarged at its two
ends and having a square hole well fitting the square of the bar 0; it is screwed
against the plate by means of a nut screwed on the screw-threaded part of this rod.
At the other end is a strap or sleeve receiving the rod E* which opens or closes the
parallelogram F³..
On the square portion corresponding to the front of the press is placed the

page_text: piece D³, provided with a square hole fitting the square of the bar C³ and fixed by
means of a nut.
It has at its right end a strap or head which opens or closes the parallelogram
and a piece G³ which replaces it into its original position by means of the counter-
weight H².
The rods E and E have near one end a round hole receiving the pins I³ and I"
of the movable branches of the parallelograms, while the other ends of rods E
and E turn in the sleeves of the pieces D2 and D".
The second hole receives a rod G³, the other end of which is received by the
socket of the rod K' (Fig. 1) carrying the counter weight H².
This rod has a swelling provided with a round hole which receives a journal
provided with a nut; this journal is fixed to the rear of the upright of the press
and serves as an axis to the bar carrying the counterweight H, while the other
end of the upright carries the rack on which is situated the counter-weight which
closes the parallelogram.
The piece D is bent off at a right angle on the left of the square part which is
received by the bar C³, it is bent off once more in the opposite direction and
provided with a socket or sleeve receiving the rod L³, the other end of which is
received by the socket of the treadler which is bent and enlarged at M², where it
is provided with a hinge joint.
The treadle is fixed to the front of the press by means of the strap N' and a
Bcrew.
At the point where the treadle is hinged it is bent off in the opposite direction.
By pressing with the left foot on the plater projecting from the press, the
printer causes the moistener to move forward.-
The parallelogram is composed in the following manner.
Two pieces of flat iron O2 and 0%, Fig. 7, bent at a right angle and forming a
frame serving to fix the same perpendicularly on the upper longitudinal cross pieces
of the press.
Rivetted to the pieces 02 and 0" are two flat iron pieces P2 bent at the two
ends and leaving between them and the pieces O' and O" an interval in which
slides the pin I².
These two pieces are not of the same length.
At the angle formed by the two pieces O2 and 0" is placed a bearing X² and X"
Fig. 7, in which is fixed the lower arm of the parallelogram.
The bearing is situated in such a manner that the part receiving the lower arm
of the parallelogram is perpendicular to the interior parts of the guides S and S".
The arms of the parallelograin F' are not of the same length.
Between the arms at the place where they are hinged is placed a brass washer,
and outside on each side an iron washer serving to hold the rivet which connects
the two branches.
Between the two front arms are placed the rods x of the moistener (Fig. 7); they
are fixed to the arm by a small bolt, secured by a pin.
The crank of the small cylinder D4, Fig. 1, is adapted to be lengthened and
shortened. The arm carrying the handle B slides in a groove of the piece which
contains the square which passes into the shaft of the small cylinder D.
It is arrested at the desired point by a small bolt screwed on the part to which
the handle is fixed, and its head rests against the part which contains the groove
and which passes into the square of the axle of the sinall cylinder; at the base of
this piece is fixed an iron disc heavier than the handle, so that this piece, when
free, is always at the top.
The small cylinder has on its axle, on the side opposite to the handle, a small
wooden drum M*, Fig. 7, shown on a larger scale in Fig. 12, on which drum is wound
a thin rope passing over the movable pulley H', and fixed to the iron rod I'; in
the ring formed by this rope is placed the small counterweight J*.
The drum Fig. 12 forms a ratchet wheel and is provided with holes, into one

page_text: of which is introduced one end of the rope. As soon as the crank has caused the
sinall cylinder to make one revolution, the rope falls on the small drum K' and is
wound upon the same.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my
hand and seal this 21st day of May A.D. 1883.
H. J. HADDAN (LS.)