IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING OR FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR OTHER FORMS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Emmet, of Leeds, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING
OR FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR OTHER FORMS."
,
Sealed the 28th January 1876, and dated the 30th November 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Emmet at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th November 1875.
I, CHARLES EMMET, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR MAKING OR FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR OTHER FORMS," to be as
follows:-
:-
My Invention relates to machinery for making or forming and pressing
bricks or other forms. The material employed for forming the pressed
bricks or other forms may be either in a dry or wet state when used on
the machine.

page_text: On a suitable foundation plate I mount vertically or horizontally a
metal disc fitted so as to revolve freely in suitable bearings. In the
metal disc is provided any number of holes or moulds. These holes or
moulds are made of the required shape of the article to be formed and
pressed. To the metal disc is given an intermittent rotary motion,
which is conveyed thereto by means of a "drag bar or rod," the required
motion being given from suitable motive power.
I also provide a check arrangement for preventing the metal disc from
being dragged too far. This is actuated by a self-acting tappet arrange-
ment. In a convenient position I provide a hopper, from which each
hole or mould is filled in its turn with clay. After being filled the metal
disc is caused to revolve until the next hole or mould is in a position to
be filled.
On the foundation plate, and on the back and front of the metal disc,
I mount in sliding bearings plungers or rammers, both of which may be
of a like construction and adjustable. To these are given an inter-
mittent reciprocating motion, and as the filled hole or mould comes
between the two plungers or rammers each passes within the hole or
mould and forms and presses the brick or other form to the required"
shape and thickness, after which they are withdrawn. Both plungers or
rammers are acted upon by preference simultaneously, motion being
conveyed thereto from a rocking shaft by means of suitable levers and
connecting rods.
The bricks or other forms having been formed and pressed and the
plungers or rammers withdrawn, the metal disc is caused to rotate until :
the next full hole or mould comes between the plungers or rammers.
The pressed brick or other form is then pushed out on to a table or
travelling sheet and passed away in the ordinary manner.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
5. successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles Emmett, Her
special licence that I, the said Charles Emmett, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Emmett,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING OR FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR
OTHER FORMS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles.
Emmett, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what'
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Emmett, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompany
Drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to
say:
My Invention relates to machinery for making or forming and
pressing bricks or other forms. The material employed for forming.
the pressed bricks or other forms may be either in a dry or wet state
when used on the machine.
On a suitable foundation plate I mount vertically or horizontally a
metal disc fitted so as to revolve freely in suitable bearings. In the
metal disc is provided any number of holes or moulds. These holes or
moulds are made of the required shape of the article to be formed and
pressed. To the metal disc is given an intermittent rotary motion,
which is conveyed thereto by means of a drag bar or rod,” the
"
required motion being given from suitable motive power,

page_text: I also provide a check arrangement for preventing the metal disc
from being dragged too far. This is actuated by a self-acting tappet
arrangement. In a convenient position I provide a hopper, from which
each hole or mould is filled in its turn with clay. After having filled the
metal disc is caused to revolve until the next hole or mould is in a
position to be filled.
On the foundation plate, and on the back and front of the metal disc,
I mount in sliding bearings plungers or rammers, both of which may
be of a like construction and adjustable. To these are given an inter-
mittent reciprocating motion, and as the filled hole or mould comes
between the two plungers or rammers each passes within the holo or
mould and forms and presses the brick or other form to the required
shape and thickness, after which they are withdrawn. Both plungers
or rammers are acted upon by preference simultaneously, motion being
conveyed thereto from a rocking shaft by means of suitable levers and
connecting rods.
The bricks or other forms having been formed and pressed and the
plungers or rammers withdrawn, the metal disc is caused to rotate until
the next full hole or mould comes between the plungers or rammers.
The pressed brick or other form is then pushed out on to a table or
travelling sheet and passed away in the ordinary manner.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood

page_text: The required motion being transmitted from the disc f through the
crank pin h, rocking lever i, and "drag bar or rod" J.
In order that the drag bar or rod end K may always drop with great
accuracy into the recesses / I make the bearing at the end m adjustable
either by means of regulating screws or other equivalent means. The
required rotary motion is given to the disc ƒ from some suitable motive
power.
dragged too far I provide
The projecting part p is
As each
In order to prevent the metal disc 6 being
a check lever n carried in suitable bearings o.
made to fit the recesses 9 on the periphery of the disc b.
recess q is brought opposite the projections p by means of the drag bar
or rod J the spring » acting upon the connecting rods forces the pro-
jecting part p ou the check lever n into the recess 7 as shown. The
disc is held firmly in position by this arrangement during each
operation. At suitable intervals the projection p of the check lever n is
drawn out of the recess q, being actuated by a cam t or its equivalent on
the shaft g, the required motion being transmitted through the con-
necting rod 8.
In a convenient position I fix a hopper u, which is more distinctly
shewn at Figures 5, 6, and 7. From this hopper u each hole or mould e
is filled in its turn with clay or its equivalent. In order to charge each
hole or mould e with clay or its equivalent I provide a plunger or
rammer x, which forces the clay or its equivalent forward, it having
previously fallen into the recess y. The required motion is given to the
plunger by means of the shaft 8 being transmitted through the
eccentric and the rod x. The required adjustment is obtained by
the adjusting screw ³ attached thereto, as shown.
In order to prevent the clay or its equivalent from passing out at the
front of the hole or mould e as it is being filled I provide the cover z,
which is kept up to the face of the disc b by means of the adjusting
screw 1. The hole 2 in the plunger x allows superfluous clay or its
equivalent to pass back again into the hopper. After cach hole or
mould e has been filled the metal disc b is caused to revolve, as herein-
before described, until the next hole or mould e is in a position to be
filled.
On the Soundation ulatn
andat the healt
☑
LI

page_text: and 6, both of which may be of like construction. To these are given
an intermittent reciprocating motion from the spur wheel 7 mounted on
a shaft 8 in suitable bearings 9 on the foundation plate a. The required
motion is given to the spur wheel through the driving pulley 10 and
spur pinion 11. On the spur wheel 7 is provided a crank pin 12, which {
as the spur wheel 7 revolves gives a rocking motion to the shaft 13 by
means of the connecting rod 14 and lever 15. In suitable bearings 16
and 17 I mount the levers or arms 18 and 19. These are in contact
with the ends of the rammers or plungers 5 and 6.
In order to give the required pressure to the rammers or plungers 5 1
and 6 I impart a reciprocating motion to each of these levers 18 and 19,
which are both made to act simultaneously, and as the filled hole or
mould e comes between the two plungers or rammers 5 and 6 each passes
within the hole or mould e and forms and presses the brick or other form
to the required shape and thickness.
In order to obtain the simultaneous action of the levers 18 and 19 I
attach them to a double-ended crank 20 by means of the rods 21 and 22.
This double-ended crank 20 is keyed or otherwise fastened on the rocking
shaft 13, from which the required motion is obtained.
In order to prevent undue strain on the machine during the pressing
operation I provide on the end of one or both rods 21 and 22 a spring
box or buffer 23, shown in Drawing only, on rod 21, but other equivalent.
means may be employed. The return motion is given to the plungers 5
and 6 by means of the spiral springs 24 and 25.
After the pressing operation the hole or mould e in the metal disc b
is brought round, and the brick or other form is forced out on to the
table 26 by means of the plunger 27. The required motion is obtained
from the same source as that for the hopper plunger x, and transmitted
thereto by means of the lever 28, shaft 29, and lever 30.
During the withdrawing of the plunger 27 it comes in contact with
the tappet lever 31, which is attached to the hinged saucer 32 on the oil
cistern 33. On the plunger 27 moving the tappet lever 31 in its back-
ward motion it tilts the saucer 32 which contains oil which has dripped
from the cistern 33 through the tap 34. This oil lubricates the hole or
mould e as the plunger 27 passes into it. Any other known or con-
venient means may be employed for tilting the saucer 32.
1

page_text: I would here remark that the metal disc b may be arranged so as to
work in a horizontal instead of a vertical direction.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and shewn by
Drawings how the same may be carried into effect, I would have it
understood that I do not limit myself to the exact limits, details, or
configuration of the various parts I have explained and shewn, as the
same may be varied or modified without departing from my Invention,
but what I do claim and desire to be secured to me by the in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
-
First. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the various
parts forming the machine, substantially as and for purposes herein set
forth.
Second. The arrangement, construction, and application of disc 6 and
the parts connected therewith whereby the material within the moulds
or holes e can be compressed simultaneously and with equal force from
both sides thereof, substantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
Third. The arrangement, construction, and application of plunger 27
for forcing the brick or other form out of the hole or mould e when
formed and pressed, substantially as and for purposes herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Emmett, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of May, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.