Improvement of a Combined "Break" Machine for Treating Wheat or other Cereals.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1894-Accepted, 1st Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement of a Combined "Break" Machine for Treating Wheat
or other Cereals.
ALFRED RISHWORTH TATTERSALL. 2 Stracey Road Willesden N.W. Milling
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
65
The machine consists of a series of three "break" rolls in pairs-fluted-& of
such spiral & differential speed as to produce little or no branny semolina or
middlings & small percentage of break flour; with sieves to follow the first &
second breaks" actuated by hexagonal cams, & with a centrifugal to follow the
third "break" to finish the bran; also a centrifugal of special design to treat the
throughs" or outsiftings of the two aforementioned sieves so as to leave
the overtails of same (centrifugal) free from flour & ready for purifier': the whole
combined machine capable of producing results equal to any series of separate
machines as now used in a modern auto-roller mill plant.
The centrifugal of "special design
throughs or
outsiftings of the two break sifters is of 14" dia. across the reel with only 4 beaters
in, which are of the serregated type & made to run 8 times faster than the round
reel outside them in the same direction. Reel to be clothed with fine silk & cleaned
at the outside by a spiral brush.
"
.
intended to treat the
Dated this 2nd day of December 1893.
".
I
14
1.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement of a Combined "Break" Machine for Treating Wheat
or other Cereals.
I, ALFRED RISHWORTH TATTERSALL, of 2 Stracey Road, Willesden, N.W.,
Milling Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
5 in and by the following statement. :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of flour by gradual reduction and may
be regarded as a means of obtaining the separation of the kernel of the grain in a
granular form from the outer husk or bran at three reductions only.
The machine consists of a series of three "break" rolls in pairs-fluted-and of
such flutes, spiral and differential speed as to produce little or no branny semolina
or middlings and small percentage of break flour; with sieve to follow the first and
second "breaks" actuated by hexagonal cams, and with a centrifugal to follow the
third "break to finish the bran; also a centrifugal of ordinary design to treat the
"throughs" or outsiftings of the two aforementioned sieves so as to leave the over-
tails of same
centrifugal" free from flour and ready for purifier; the whole
combined machine capable of producing results equal to any series of separate
machine as now used in a modern auto-roller mill plant.
The centrifugal intended to treat the "throughs or outsiftings of the two break
sifters is of 14" diameter across the reel with only four beaters which may be
notched or cut through to an extent of about half their width, and made to
run 8 times faster than the round reel outside them in the same direction. Reel to
be clothed with fine silk and cleaned at the outside by a spiral brush.

page_text: '
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which; Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinal
vertical section of a machine constructed according to this invention, and Figure 2
is a view of the same partly in elevation of the left hand end of Figure 1, and
partly in transverse vertical section.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The machine comprises two side frames A A' provided with the necessary
bearings for supporting all the working parts of the apparatus, and secured to the
floor or equivalent B in any convenient manner, a chamber C preferably projecting
downwards through B for receiving the flour as it falls or is dusted from the
centrifugals D D.
At the upper part of the machine is provided the hopper E into which the
inaterial to be treated in the machine is charged. This hopper is preferably fitted
with a suitable form of gate and roll E, Fig. 2, and the material descending from
it is directed by an inclined board or plate F, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1
between the pair of rolls G G₁ also represented in dotted lines in Fig. 1 but
a portion of the roll G of which is shown in full lines at the right-hand side of
Fig. 2. These rolls G G which are preferably of the same diameter as indicated
in Fig. 1 are spirally grooved or fluted and are rotated, as regards their contiguous
surfaces, in the same direction, at different speeds the roll G rotating say 24 times
quicker than the roll G' or vice versa. The grooves of the two rolls are arranged
in the same ratio, as the respective speeds of rotation, thus, if as above assumed, the
roll G makes 2 revolutions to each revolution of the roll G the quicker roll G
may have say 20 grooves to the inch and the slower roll G 8 grooves to
the inch.
The proportions herein mentioned, of speed of rotation and pitch of grooves of
the various rolls G G, J J and K K' are given merely as examples and may if
desired be varied to any required extent.
By the rolls G G rotating in opposite directions their contiguous surfaces move
in the same direction so that the back edges of the grooves of the fast roll G ruo
against the sharp edges of the grooves of the slow roll G' this resulting in the
production of little flour and much middlings.
After leaving the rolls G G the material under treatment falls of its own weight
on to an inclined sieve H to which a jogging motion is given by one or more
hexagonal cams 1. The underside of the sieve H is boxed-in so as to retain
the loose material technically called " chop" passed through the said sieve,
suitable opening being provided to deliver the "chop" into a shoot or spout which
conducts it to the centrifugal D shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and which is
arranged parallel with D before mentioned. The last mentioned opening and
shoot which are of usual well-known construction are omitted from the drawing for
the sake of clearness.
"
The "overtails from the sieve H fall between the rolls J J₁ fluted or grooved
preferably about 16 to the inch. These, like the before described rolls GG are
rotated at different speeds in the opposite direction their contiguous surfaces
travelling in same directions.
"
The material passing through or between the rolls J J falls on to the inclined
sieve H which is constructed and operated substantially in the same manner
as before described in reference to the sieve H, the "throughs or out-siftings
from H similarly to those of H being spouted down or conducted to the
centrifugal D.
The overtails from the sieve H' fall between the rolls K K rotating at different
speeds with their contiguous surfaces running in the same direction and fluted or
grooved say about 24 or 26 to the inch, whence the material under treatment falls
directly into the shoot L whereby it is conducted into the centrifugal bran
duster D by which the flour is separated from the "bran"
or tails and passes
through the silk wall of D into the chamber C there mixing with the flour similarly
dusted out of the "chop" in the centrifugal D.

page_text: The flour when it reaches the chamber C is in a condition ready for sale and may
be removed therefrom by any suitable means such as the worm which may
conduct it to any convenient outlet not shown in the drawing.
The centrifugals D D' are arranged so that the tailings therefrom are delivered
into suitable receptacles or shoots the tails from the centrifugal D' consisting only
of bran are in a saleable condition but the tails from D representing "middlings
may be further treated in another machine. The openings through which the tails
are delivered from the centrifugals D D' are not shown in the drawings, these may
however be located at any desired part. The beaters D' of the centrifugals D D
may be notched or cut through to an extent of about half their width, and rotated
say times faster than the silk wall which may rotate in the same direction and
may be arranged to rotate against external brushes; or these centrifugals may be
arranged in any other desired manner.
By the foregoing apparatus the following results are obtained viz. :-
1. The grain is reduced in three "breaks" or reductions of revolving rolls the
bran being thereby finished ready for sale.
2. The flour produced is ready for sale.
3. The bran produced is also ready for sale.
The apparatus is moreover so constructed that all these results are automatically
obtained without the employment of worm conveyors or elevators for conducting
the material from one set of rolls to another or to a sieve or vice versa the material
falling by gravity from the upper to the lower part of the apparatus.
The material treated in the machine is divided into three separate products, two
of which vic. -the flour and bran are in a finished or marketable condition and the
third, the "middlings" ready for further treatment either by stones or purifiers and
rolls as may be desired.
The before described apparatus in respects other than those herein specially
explained may be of ordinary construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is;-
1. The production from grain in one machine of flour and bran in a finished or
marketable condition.
2. The production from grain in one machine of flour bran and middlings the two
former in a finished or marketable condition by the combination in the same
machine of rolls sieves and centrifugal arranged so that the material passing
between the rolls falls on to sieves and is sifted the "throughs" from the sieve
passing to one outlet and the "overtails" from the sieves to the further rolls and
centrifugal substantially as described without the use of elevators or conveyors.
3. In apparatus such as described the combination with three sets of differentially-
rotating rolls such as G G J J and K K of sieves such as H H to receive the
material passing through the two sets of rolls G G and J J'a centrifugal such
as D' for receiving the material from the rolls K K' and a second centrifugal such
as D for receiving the "throughs" from the sieves substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of June 1894.
ALF. R. TATTERSALL.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.