A NEW COVERING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING MACHINE
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jozé Luis, of No. 1, Welbeck Street, Cavendish
Sqre, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Inven-
tion of "A NEW COVERING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING MACHINE."-A com-
munication.
Sealed the 30th September 1858, and dated the 7th August 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jozé Luis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th August
1858.
I, JOZÉ LUIS, Patent Agent, of No. 13, Welbeck Street, Cavendish Sqre,
London, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW COVERING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING MACHINE," (a com-
munication to me from a foreigner residing abroad;) to be as follows:-
The advantages of the above-named machine are, that by its means guimp,
lace, edging, &c., can be made as well as that at present done by hand. The
lace, &c., is made from the coarsest to the finest, in the best perfection, without
the possibility of its making bad folds, which that made by hand sometimes
does. It also makes braid and twist in equal perfection to a certain size.
The proceeding rests principally on, 1°, on a guide allowing the produce to
pass round the cylinder as many times as there are rollers, and permitting by

page_text: the number of turns on the cylinder to have sufficient force to do all the work
with ease and perfection.
2°. The system of arms pressing on the matter not made, placed on a bobbin
of any required size, thus giving the same pressure from begining to end of
the bobbin, is a great advantage.
3°. The winders of the required size, filled by the matter made, give an
equal pressure from the first on the matter coming from the cylinder; the
weight and the size increasing at the same time, the equilibrium is perfect.
4°. An endless cord, crossed and doubled to make two; passes into the upper
and lower grooves of a three-grooved pulley, but is divided by the distance of
the three grooves. A third stronger cord, having its resting point on a large
roller receiving its movement from another part, serves to keep the other two
in equilibrium by moving in the middle groove. By this combination the
spindle fixed on the three-grooved pulley experiences much less friction, being
governed by three cords instead of one.
twisted.
These advantages are great, giving out of fifty threads but one not properly
The thread not properly twisted is the one that breaks in the
winding, &c., the joining of which leaves always something to be desired in
the eye of a connoisseur. The facility of working the said machine, the
resources it presents, and the application of it to other machines for twisting
and winding, &c., are other advantages which may be mentioned as resulting
from this combination.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jozé Luis in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th
February 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOZE LUIS,
of No. 1º, Welbeck Street, Cavendish Sqre, London, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh-day of August, in-the-year-of-our-Lord-
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jożé Luis, Her special licence that I, the said Jozé , my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns; or such others as I, the said Jozé Luis,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,

page_text: and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW COVERING, DOUBLING, AND
TWISTING MACHINE," a communication, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Jozé Luis, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in, what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jozé Luis, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
The advantages of the above-named machine are, that by its means guimp,
twist, and edging, &c., can be made as well as that at present done by hand.
The twist, &c., is made from the coarsest to the finest, in the best perfection,
without the possibility of its making bad folds, which that made by hand
sometimes does. It also makes cord to a certain size in equal perfection.
The proceeding rests principally, 1°, on a guide allowing the produce to
pass round the cylinder as many times as there are rollers, & permitting by
the number of turns on the cylinder to have sufficient force to do all the work
with ease and perfection.
2°. The system of arms pressing on the matter not made, placed on a bobbin
of any required size, thus giving the same pressure from begining to end of
the bobbin, is a great advantage.
The winders of the required size, which are filled by the matter made, give
an equal pressure from begining to end on the matter coming from the
cylinder. The weight & diameter increasing at the same time, the equilibrium
is perfect.
An endless cord, crossed & doubled to make two, passing into the upper.
& lower grooves of a three-grooved pulley, but is divided by the distance of
the three grooves. A third cord stronger, having its resting point on.a.great
roller, receiving its movement from another part, keep the two first in equi-
librium by moving in the middle groove. By this combination the spindle
fixed in the three-groove pulley experiences much less friction, and is
governed by three cords instead of one.

page_text: These advantages are immense, giving out of fifty threads but one not pro-
perly twisted. It is know that the thread not properly twisted is the one
that breaks in the winding, &c., the join always leaving something to be
desired in the eye of a connoisseur. Nor can the facility of working the said
machine for twisting, winding, &c., be passed over without mention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
A', loose pulley; A, fixed pulley on the shaft B; B, shaft, turning in the
cushions C; C, cushions fixed on the supports q, q, q; D, cog wheel, governed
by the end of the shaft B; E, cog wheel, catching in the teeth of the
wheel D, governed by the shaft F; F, shaft, turning in the cushions G;
G, cushions, on the supports r, 7, 7; H, cog wheel, governing the cog wheel I
by an endless chain; I, cog wheel, fixed to the cylinder K; J, endless chain;
K, cylinder, turning in the cushions K, K. This cylinder can be reduced
to more than half its diameter for fine workmanship. K, K, cushions;
L, bevil wheel, fixed on the shaft F, & catching in the teeth of the wheel M;
M, bevil wheel, fixed on the shaft N; N, shaft, turning in the cushions O and
the socket P; O, cushions on the beams h, h, h; P, socket fixed on the
beam a, a, a; Q, cog wheel, fixed on the shaft N, governing the pinion R
by an endless chain S; R, pinion, fixed on the shaft W; S, endless chain;
T, pinion, fixed on the shaft W, transmitting a rotary movement by an endless
chain U to the other pinions T; U, endless chain, catching in the pinions T
& the dead pullies V; V, dead pulley, guiding & holding the chain U on the
pinions T; W, shaft, on which the pinions R & T are fixed, turning in the
socket X; X, sockets, fixed on the beams m & n, n, n; Y, double-grooved
pulley, fixed on the shaft W, governing the spindles Z by a cord a; Z, spindle,
with copper socket, through which all that can be twisted by this machine
passes, guimp, twisting, edging, thread, &c., of all sort. a, endless cord, doubled,
acting as two. cords, governing the spindles Z, passing on the lower & upper
spindles of the three-grooved pulley b; b, three-grooved pulley, bent at the
lower part, fixed on the spindle Z, having for resting point and turning in the
dead pulley c; c, dead pullies, fixed on the beam y, y, y; d, cord, thicker than
-a,-running_in_the_middle groove of the three-grooved pulley b, having its
resting point on the pulley i & for equilibrium the tension of the double cord a,
in order to hold the spindle Z vertically; e, moveable pulley, turning round.
the hinge of the shaft f; f. shaft, fixed at one end in the socket 9 & at the
other extremity in the arm h; g, socket; h, arm, which slides at pleasure the
whole length of its mortice, in order to stretch the cords a and d by means of a

page_text: screw; i, screw, crossing the mortice of the arm h & the beam y, y, y;
j, mortice; k, cord, governed by the shaft W & governing the shaft f; this
shaft in its movement influences by its friction the pulley e, in order to prevent
any decrease in the velocity of the three-grooved pulley b. 1, little cords
passing on the two shafts f; m, coiler lid, fixed on the spindle Z; n, creel of
iron wire, forming a square, fixed on the coiler lid m for supporting the three
bobbins o. The bottom of these iron threads must be the farthest removed
from the centre, & the upper end supporting the bobbin the nearest approached,
in order that the bobbins do not escape in working. o, bobbin giving out the
matter for covering the gimp, twisted edging, or other matter; p, iron wire
bent in the shape of a duck's beak, soldered to the tube of spindle Z,
through which the thread passes to be guided in the flat groove of the dead
pulley 9; 9, dead pulley with flat groove, fixed on an iron thread soldered to
the spindle Z, serving to fit the thread & to obtain a fixed height; r, glass,
attached by an iron thread to the tube of the spindle Z, to prevent the threads
from touching this tube, & so avoiding the friction; s, hole made in the tube
of the spindle Z. The threads make about two-thirds of a revolution of the
spindle Z in passing from the dead pulley 9 to the hole s, in passing on the
glass to enter into the holes, it is thus subjected to a friction sufficient to
give enough firmness to .the object covered. Greater or less tension can be
giving by diminishing or increasing the velocity of the machine. t, dead
pulley, fixed on a square u to lodge the tube of the spindle Z to lessen the
friction of it; u, sheet-iron square, fixed to the under part of the beam
K, K, K; v, double-grooved pulley, fixed on the shaft N. By the changing:
of this pulley the desired twist of all the different Nos. is obtained,
& consequently more or less suppleness in the guimp & the twisted edge..
It must be observed that the soul of the shuttle of the guimp requires a
certain twist, so that when employed it does not make bad folds. x, cord,
transmitting the rotary movement to the pullies of the frames a, a; y, double-
grooved pulley, fixed to the frame a, a, & forming the base; ≈, cord, commu-
nicating reciprocally the rotary movement to the frames a, a; a, a, frames ;:
b, b, copper tubes on the base of the frames a, a, serving as centre & turning.
on the beams 1, 1, 1; c, c, centre or hinge on the frame a, a, passing in the
beam m, m, m; it is held by the dead pulley d, d, & the screw e, c. d, d, bent
dead pulley; e, e, screw; f, f, little beams, resting on the frame a, a;;
9, 9, arms fixed to the shaft f.f, by an iron wire i, i; h, h, arms fixed to">
the shaft f, f, in the same way as g, g; i, i, iron wire; j, j, cord attached to.
the arm g, g, passing in the groove of the pulley h, k, fixed on the arm h, h,

page_text: & acting as clasp on the bobbin 7, 1, by means of the weight m, m;
k, k, pulley; 1, 1, bobbin, turning in the grooves made in the side of the frames
a, a, holding the matter q, q, destined to be covered; ', ', groove, in which the
centre or pivot of the bobbin 7, 1, rests; m, m, weight, having a hole through
the middle to receive the iron thread n, n, suspended by the cord y, y; n, n,
iron wire, fixed at the bottom in the pulley y, & at the top in a little-beamf
to serve as guide to the weight m, m, & to prevent it from moving out of the
centre during the rotation; o, o, dead pulley with groove, fixed on an iron
wire bent in the interior and rebent at the two ends, to be fixed at the base of
the frame a, a; p, p, dead pulley fixed by an iron wire bent to the side of the
frame a, a; q, q, matter, unrolling itself from the bobbin l, l, to pass on the
dead pulley o, o; it passes on the dead pulley p, p, to pass into the tube b, b,
then into the tube of the spindle Z to be covered by the threads of the bobbins
o, & thence touches in passing the cylinder K, to pass into the first groove of
the guider, r, then making à revolution on the cylinder K, it passes in the
second groove of the guide r, r, & so on till the eight groove of the guide,
when it remounts, touching the cylinder K, & rolls itself on the winder W, W.
Thus the matters q, q, makes seven revolutions on the cylinder K in passing on
the eight grooves of the guide, but less can be put for many works; however,
the more there are, the more perfect the work will be. The pressure communi-
cated by the arms q, q, & h, h, on the matter not made, and the friction which
the winder W, W, receives, gives more adherence to the matter, resisting on
one side, & streching on the other, in order to give to the produce the desired
adherence on the cylinder; it is by this adherence that the cylinder in turning
transmits it to the winder. r, r, guide, fixed by iron wire bent on the beam
d, d, d; s, s, cog wheel, fixed to the extremity of the cylinder K; t, t, cog
wheel, fixed on the roller V, V; u, u, endless chain, governed by the wheel s, s,
& transmitting a rotary movement to the wheel t, t; V, V, rolling support
winder; W, W, winder, receiving the guimp, drawing it always by the friction
it receives from the rotation of the rolling support winder V, V, going faster
than the latter; greater or less friction can be given to this winder by making
it heavier or lighter, but this must depend, of course, on the firmness of the
works which are required to be made; for example, sewing thread covered with
silk would require a light winder. a, a, cushion, supporting the roller V, V,
& fixed to the beam g. g, g; a, a, a, & b, b, b, beams, binding the great beams
c, c, c, & d, d, d; c, c, c, & d, d, d, great beams; e, e, 'e, great middle beam
bound by the beams a, a, a, & b, b, b; f, f, f, upright fixed in the beams
a, a, a, & b, b, b; g, g, g, h, h, h, i, i, i, beams, binding the uprights f, ƒ, ƒ ;

page_text: j, j, j, & k, h, k, great beams binding the uprights f, f, f; 1, 1, 1, planks
fixed on the shaft k, k, k, to receive the tube b, b; m, m, m, great beam
binding the extremities of the uprights f, ff; n, n, n, great beam binding
the little beams h, h, h, & i, i, i; o, o, o, beams binding the great beams k, k, k;
P. P. P, feet supporting the beam j. j, j ; Q, Q; Q, r, r, r, s, S, s, supports, fixing
the cushions C & G, & K, K; t, t, t, beams binding themselves to the beams
232
m
Fig.
spinare
pian.
Fig. 2. V, V, V, spindle for brass wire. W, W, W, four bobbins of same
size, fixed by an iron wire a, a, a, on a double-grooved pulley y, giving the
matter for forming the first coating to the brass wire ZZ, Z; more or less
threads can be given, as desired, to this coating.
iron wire. y, Y, Y,
.
glass eyes fixed on tlie pulley y, through which pass the threads of the bobbin
W, W, W, to conduct them on the brass Z, Z, Z. Z, Z, Zrass wire. a, a, a, a,
tube serving as centre or hinge on the frame a, a, passing on the beams
m, m, m; it is suspended by the dead pulley d, d, & the screw e, e. b, b, b, b,
supports fixed to the beam m, m, m; bobbin 1, 1, containing the brass wire.
It has been said above that the matter of the guimp must be twisted, but of
course the brass wire must not; arms g, g, & h, h; weight m, m; cord j, j.
c, c, c, c, dead pulley with groove guiding the brass wire in the tube a, a, a, a.
Fig. 3.
d, d, d, d, three-grooved pulley fixed to the base of the frame a, a.
This frame, independent of the spindle Z, suffices to twist the coarser.work,
braid, string, & cords, &c. e, e, e, e, iron wire eye fixed to the two shafts of
the frame a, a, to unite the threads. 9, 9, 9, 9, double glass eye, through
which the thread passes, making a half revolution & more, if required, fixed
to the base of the frame a, a. When a cord is being twisted, care must be
taken that the eye is of sufficient strength for the work. ff.f.f, dead pullies
with flat groove, fixed like the pullies o, o, & p, p. h, h, h, h, & i, i, i, i,
bobbins carrying the matter which is to be twisted; the arm g, g, rubs on
the matter of the bobbin i, i, i, i, & the arm h, h, rubs on the matter of the
bobbin h, h, h, h. Nothing is easier than to put more or less bobbins
according to the work to be done; for example, if one requires to unite three
pieces already twisted & to twist them into one, an extra bobbin with its
friction arm must be added on the frame a, a, or, if one requires to twist
thick ribbon prepared for this purpose, either of wool, cotton, hemp, or flax
&c., &c., only one bobbin is required. It is easy also to understand that

page_text: when coarse work is done, the spindles must be at more distance from one
another & arranged in proportion; thus when arranged as Fig. 3, this spindle
takes the place of the spindle Z of the Fig. 1.
Fig. 4. This spindle is destined to make sewing thread & all that is fine.
It is the same as the spindle Z, Fig. 1, with this difference, that instead of
the holes by which the thread enters the tube being at the top, it is at the
bottom near the coiler lid m, instead of fastening the glass r of the tube of
the spindle, a double-eyed glass is attached, whose base is fixed in the coiler
lid, through which the thread passes, making a half revolution or more, if
required. The support bobbin is placed in the same manner as the support
bobbin n of the spindle Z. y, y, y, y, bobbin on which are put two or three
threads to be twisted. The produce of the Figures 2, 3, 4, is treated in the
same manner as that of the Figure 1, described in the letter q, q.
N.B. For coarse twist or gimp it must be remarked the less spindles there
are, the more satisfactory will be the result; about three or four to the edge;
it is the same for the finer; no advantage is gained by putting more than
fourteen to the edge. The velocity of the machine must of course be in pro-
portion to the work to be done.
Another important remark is, that the endless cord a will experience less
friction and separate better for passing on the three-grooved pulley, if care be
taken to leave the part crossed on the side opposite to which it is governed,
and this crossing is easier to maintain in this manner by dividing the cord a
on the pulley y, for this purpose the pulley y must have four grooves instead
of two.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jozé Luis, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Fourth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-nine.