IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JAMES WADE, of 74 Grosvenor Villas, The Chase, Nottingham, Nottingham-
shire, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS," to be as
follows that is to say :-
This Invention relates to looms employed for weaving Tapestry and Brussel's
Carpets, Utrecht velvets, plush seal skins, and other pile fabrics, and it has for its
object the improved construction or arrangement of parts of such machinery
whereby the rate of speed of working is increased and such working rendered
generally more satisfactory whilst the machine may be started and stopped more
expeditiously and conveniently and with less risk of breaking parts when stopping
than is possible with looms as at present constructed.
The Invention comprises various improvements in looms, and the first part
consists in an improved method of communicating motion to the machine, instead
of by the usual fast and loose pulley arrangements. In carrying out this part of
the Invention the fast pulley on the first motion shaft is slightly coned, and
the pulley carrying the driving belt is formed with a flange at one side and at
its other side with a tubular boss through which boss the first motion shaft
passes and on which shaft the pulley turns freely like an ordinary loose pulley.
The flange on the pulley is arranged to nearly correspond with and encircle the
coned pulley and when moved by the starting lever which is connected to its boss,
it clutches the fast pulley and imparts motion to it and through it to the machine
the whole thus forming a conical friction clutch. In order to stop the continued
movement of the machine from its acquired momentum there is fixed on the
driving shaft a pulley having a V shaped groove in its edge and for engaging with
this there is a metal plate having a V shaped break surface which is actuated by a
suitable lever at the front of the machine placed close to and acting in combination
with the starting lever. The starting lever is arranged to apply this break when
stopping the machine and to knock off the break when re-starting, but the break
may be applied or taken off if required for any purpose by means of its lever.
The starting lever is in the usual position at the front of the loom and is of a
length sufficient to possess some elasticity so that the requisite pressure between
the friction clutch is obtained by its spring power. By means of a right and left
hand screw coupling arrangement the wear of the clutch may be compensated for.

page_text: Another important improvement consists in forming the take-up roller in the
form of a metal cylinder having wide grooves formed longitudinally on its outer
surface into which are inserted plates or strips of brass or other suitable metal
These metal plates are held on the cylinder either by the grooves having bevilled
edges or by means of screws, and have a number of holes drilled through them.
Into these holes there are fitted the gill pins or needlo points, which are formed
with heads or aro slightly thicker at one end so that when the metal plates or
strips are placed in position and secured to the cylinder the pin heads or inner
ends are held firm against the surface of the cylinder with their points projecting
outwards. Hitherto parts of the take up rollers have been generally formed of
wood into which the gill pins or needles were inserted but by reason of the soft
nature of the wood the pins were frequently having to be straightened or the old
ones haminered in and new ones inserted. With the improved take up cylinder
whenever the gill pins require replacing the strip or strips of metal is readily
withdrawn from the cylinder and new pins inserted and the strip replaced.
A further improvement consists in an improved combination and arrangement of
parts of apparatus for withdrawing and inserting the pile wires. In the wire
motions of existing looms as commonly constructed according to the Invention
described in the Specification of the Letters Patent granted to G. and J. Collier
dated 2 April A.D. 1862 and numbered 929, there are to be found several objec-
tionable features. Amongst others there is this objection that the inclined guide
rail which is placed with one end close to the open shed in order to be out of the
way of the shuttle, has to be placed at an elevation above the pile wires and the
shuttle box, consequently the spring clip which it guides is placed considerably
below it with the result that there is undue vibration and unsteadiness of action.
Now this Invention aims at obviating this objection and to produce a wire notion
wherein the power is applied in a direct line or approximately so with the wires to
be operated on and at the same time to obtain a more compact and convenient
form of apparatus. To effect this the inclined guide rail is attached by its
outwardly inclined and to the outer end of the slide bar, so as to be slightly above
the level of the pile wires and with its inwardly projecting end placed near the
front of the first wire to be withdrawn from the fabric. The slide or carriage
having the withdrawing hook or projection for engaging with the looped ends of
the pile wires, for withdrawing them, slides as formerly along the slide bar, but it
is formed with a second sliding part which is capable of sliding transversely to the
line of traverse of the slide somewhat like the compound slide of a lathe. This
second sliding part or bar has near its middle a loose stud through a hole or a cut
in which, the inclined guide rail passes and it is of sufficient length to permit it to
reach from the slide bar to the open shed when the slide is at the inner end of its
traverse, that is, at the point of greatest divergonce between the slide bar and the
guide rail. On the immer end of this second sliding part there is attached the
part carrying the spring clip which is of the well known kind described in
the aforesaid Specification. The spring clip is caused to act in a well known
manner by the action of the sliding pioco on the guide rail so that when the spring
clip on the second sliding part of the slide piece is brought and pressed against the
bead of the pile wire which has been caught by the withdrawing hook the spring
clip clutches the wire head. On the inward movement of the sliding pieco the
withdrawing hook offers no resistance to the wire lend held in the spring clip
being carried inwards by the inward movement of the second sliding part caused
by its traverse along the inclined guide rail until the wire is replaced in the open
shed where by the usual arrangements the wire is held and the slight resistance of
the springs of the clip being overcome the wire is left in the open shod whilst at
the same time the withdrawing hook has caught a fresh pile wire ready for the
action to be repeated. The reciprocating motion of the sliding piece is imparted
to it by means of a link which is connected to the upper end of a long lever
which is centered at its lower end on a part of the framing near the ground. This
lover is connected a little below its middle by a connecting rod to just above the

page_text: lower end of a lever which is centered at its top to the breast beam of the loom.
The lower end of this lever is connected by a link to a crank on a counter shaft
which is driven by a bevil gearing from the cam shaft. In weaving fabrics where
more than two picks of weft are required for one loop or pile it may be necessary
to operate the lever having its fulcrum on the breast beam, by a cam motion instead
of the crank before mentioned. It is obvious that the method of working the
slide may be modified in various ways as for instance it may be worked by a screw
driven by a friction pulley or a pinion and rack motion.
In another modification of the wire motion apparatus better control is obtained
over the pile wires from the point of withdrawing them out of the fabric to the
re-inserting them into the open shed and wire box than is possible with existing
looms whilst the withdrawing and re-inserting action is applied on the centre line
of the wire operated upon and so prevents any deflection of the wire. In carrying
out this part of the Invention the wires used are formed at one end with a sinall
flat plate or head having a slot or rectangular hole in it, and there is employed
what may be termed a slide wire bar having a recess or groove formed in it. This
groove is formed so that when the plate or head of the pile wire is sliding along it,
the edges of the groove overlap the plate or head slightly and restrain it from
falling out, there being at the inner end of the groove a small spring catch-
plate which permits the plate or head of the wire to pass and holds the wire
part during the outward and inward motions. On this wire slide bar there is
arranged to travel a slide piece having on it a specially constructed spring catch
piece for engaging with the slot in the plate or head of the pile wire for with-
drawing and re-inserting that wire. The slide wire bar is carried by two vertical
levers which are attached by their lower ends to an oscillating bracket working in
suitable bearings and communicating the requisite traverse to the slide wire bar.
On this oscillating bracket there is a lug having a boss in which there is secured
a stud. Working in this stud there is a vibrating arm to which there is attached a
lever communicating motion to the reciprocating slide piece by means of a con-
necting link. Between the two main franes of the loom, a counter shaft is
arranged working in bearings at right angles to the cam shaft from which it is
most convenient to drive it. On one end of this counter shaft there is keyed
a bevil wheel driven by a similar bevil wheel on the cam shaft. On the other end
of this counter shaft there is keyed a cam or crank which actuates a lever and
truck. This lever is centered on a stud which is bolted to the breast beam of the
loom and bas at its lower end a stud which is attached by a connecting rod to the
arm connected to the oscillating bracket which it operates and thereby conveys
motion to the reciprocating slide piece on the slide wire bar. Preferably the slide
wire bar is placed at a slight angle and receives its traversing motion from a cam
on the cam shaft of the loom this cam actuating a lever which is keyed on a shaft
working in bearings secured to the framing. This shaft has two upright levers
which are connected by suitable links to the levers supporting the slide wire bar.
The pile wires are held in their proper position when in the fabric by having their
plates or beads supported in a wire box which may be bolted to the breast beam
of the machine. The spring catch-piece on the slide is formed by a vertical
spindle held in suitable bearings on the slide and having on it two short arms or
levers. One of these arms has at its end a hook or nose for entering into the slot
in the plate or head of the pile wire, there being a spring arranged to press this
arm against the wire slide bar and so hold the pile wire during its traverse. The
other and preferably lower arm of the vertical spindle is curved and is arranged to
come into contact with an inclined surface on the breast beam of the loom when
the slide is near the shed end of its traverse. This arun is so fixed to the spindle
that when this action takes place the upper or catch lever is pressed away from
the slide bar thus releasing the pile wire at the moment of its entry into the open
shed. The hook or nose of the catch lever is formed so that when brought by the
slide after the forward traverse of the slide wire bar into the pile wire box it slips
over the end of the plate or head of the first pile wire and the hook then

page_text: cuters the slot being pressed in by the action of the spring which causes it to
retain its hold and press the pile wire head against the surface of the slide wire
groove during the traversing motion. These actions being repeated respectively
each time the catch piece on the slide is brought by the backwards and forwards
movement of the wire slide har alternately to the open shed and the pile wire box.
It may be desirable when weaving with fine wires to have an additional guide for
the pile wire when entering the open shed and in that case there is a V shaped or
angular placed guide pivotted on a suitable bearing on the breast beam and
projecting in advance of the wire box at its inner end. If preferred the slide wire
bar may be supported and vibrate from a pivot at its end farthest from the
selvage of the fabric or it may be supported and move on a fulcrum at its contre.
Dated thie 12th day of September 1884

page_text: I, JAMES WADE of 74 Grosvenor Villas, The Chase, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS," and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement that is to say:―
My said Invention relates to looms employed for weaving Tapestry and Brussels
carpets, Utrecht velvets, plush, seal skin and other pile fabrics and it has for its
object the improved construction or arrangement of parts of such machinery
whereby the rate of speed of working is increased and such working rendered
generally more satisfactory whilst the machine may be started and stopped more
expeditiously and conveniently and with less risk of breaking parts when stopping
than is possible with looms as at present constructed.
My said Invention comprises various improvements in looms, and the first part
consists in an improved inethod of communicating motion to the machine, instead
of by the usual fast and loose pulley arrangements. In carrying out this part of
my Invention the fast pulley on the first motion shaft is slightly coned and the
pulley carrying the driving belt is formed with a flange at one side and at its other
side with a tubular boss through which boss the first motion shaft passes and
on which shaft the pulley turns freely like an ordinary loose pulley. The flange
on the pulley is arranged to nearley correspond with and encircle the coned pulley,
and when moved by the starting lever which is connected to the boss of the pulley
the flanged pulley clutches the fast pulley and imparts motion to it and through it
to the machine, the whole thus forming a conical friction clutch. In order to stop
the continued movement of the machine from its acquired momentum there is
fixed on the driving shaft a pulley having a V shaped groove in its edge and for
engaging with this there is a metal plate having a V shaped break surface which is
actuated by a suitable lever at the front of the machine placed close to and acting
in combination with the starting lever. The starting lever is arranged to apply this
break when stopping the machine and to knock-off the break when restarting but
the break may be applied or taken off if required for any purpose, by means of
its lever.
Another important Improvement consists in forming the take-up roller in the
form of a metal cylinder having wide grooves formed longitudinally on its outer
surface into which are inserted plates or strips of brass or other suitable metal.
These metal plates are held on the cylinder either by the grooves having bevilled
edges or by means of screws and the plates have a number of holes formed through
them. Into these holes there are fitted the gill pins or needle points which are
formed with heads or are slightly thicker at one end so that when the metal plates
or strips are placed in position and secured to the cylinder the pin heads or inner
ends are held firm against the surface of the cylinder with their points projecting
outwards. Hitherto parts of the take-up rollers have been generally formed of
wood into which the gill pins or needles were inserted but by reason of the soft

page_text: nature of the wood the pins are frequently having to be straightened or the old
ones hammered in and now ones inserted. With the improved take-up cylinder
whenever the gill pins require replacing the strip (or strips) of metal is readily
withdrawn from the cylinder and new pins inserted and the strips replaced.
A further Improvement consists in an improved combination and arrangement of
parts of apparatus for withdrawing and inserting the pile wires. In the wire
motions of existing looms as commonly constructed according to the Invention
described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to G. and J. Collier
dated 2nd of April A.D. 1862 and numbered 929, there are to be found several
objectionable features. Amongst others there is this objection that the inclined
guide mil which is placed with one end close to the open shed, has to be placed at
an elevation above the pile wires and the shuttle box, in order to be out of the way
of the shuttle, consequently the spring clip which it guides is placed considerably
below it with the result that there is undue vibration and unsteadiness of action.
Now my Invention aims at obviating this objection and producing a wire motion
wherein the power is applied in a direct line or approximately so with the wires to
be operated on and at the same time to obtain a more compact and convenient
form of apparatus. To effect this the inclined guide rail is attached by its
outwardly inclined end to the outer end of the slide bar so as to be slightly above
the level of the pile wires and with its inwardly projecting end placed near the
front of the first wire to be withdrawn from the fabric. The slide or carriage
having the withdrawing hook or projection for engaging with the looped ends of
the pile wires for withdrawing them, slides as formerly along the alide bar but it is
formed with a second sliding part which is capable of sliding tranversely to the
line of traverse of the slide somewhat like the compound slide of a latho This
second gliding part or bar has near its middle a loose stud through a hole or a cut
in which, the inclined guide rail passes, and it is of sufficient length to permit it to
reach from the slide bar to the open slied when the slide is at the inner end of its
traverse, that is at the point of greatest divergence between the slide bar and the
guide rail. On the inner end of this second sliding part there is attached the part
carrying the spring-clip which is of the well known kind described in the aforesaid
Specification:
In another modification of the wire motion apparatus botter control is obtained
over the pile wires from the point of withdrawing them out of the fabric to the
re-inserting them into the open shed and wire box, than is possible with existing
looms whilst the withdrawing and re-inserting action is applied on the centre line
of the wire operated upon and so prevents any deflection of the wire. In carrying
out this part of the Invention the wires used are formed at one end with a small
Bat plate or head having a slot or rectangular hole in it and there is employed what
may be termed a slide wire bar having a recess or groove formed in it. This groove
is formed so that when the plate or head of the pile wire is sliding along it, the
edges of the groovo overlap the plate or head slightly and restrain it from falling
out, there being at the inner end of the groove a small spring catch-plate which
permits the plate or head of the wire to pass and holds the wire part during the
outward and inward motions. On this wire slide bar there is arranged to travel a
slide picco having on it a specially constructed spring catch piece for engaging with
the slot in the plate or head of the pile wire, for withdrawing and re-inserting the
wire. The slide wire bar is carried by two vertical lovers which are attached by
their lower ends to an oscillating bracket working in suitable benrings and
communicating the requisite traverse to the slide wire bar. Motion
given to this
Oscillating bracket through suitable connections from a counter shaft driven by the
cain shaft. Preferably the slide wire bar is placed at a slight angle and receives its
traversing motion from a can on the cam shaft of the loom. The pile wires are
held in their proper position when in the fabric by having their plates or leads
supported in a wire box which may be bolted to the breast beau of the loom.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing the same
may be properly understood I hereunto append six sheets of explanatory drawings

page_text: to be hereinafter referred to and representing my improvements in looms. In these
drawings the same reference numerals are used to mark the same or like parts
wherever they are repeated..
Figure 1 on sheet 1 of the accompanying drawings is a plan, Figure 2 on sheet 2
is a front elevation, and Figure 3 on sheet 3 is a cross section, representing part of
a loom sufficient for showing my improved arrangements, it being unnecessary to
show the whole of a loom, as the parts not shown in the drawings are of ordinary
and well-known construction: Figures 4. 5. and 6 on sheet 1 and Figures 7 and 8
on sheet 3 are views of details and will be hereinafter described. My improved
arrangements for communicating motion to the loom will be best seen in Figures 1
and 2. In place of the usual fast and loose pulleys commonly used there is keyed
upon a first motion shaft 1 carried in bearings on a stand and on the main frame
of the loom a slightly coned pulley 2 which is nearly encircled by the horizontal
side flange 3 of a pulley 4. This pulley 4 has on its outer side a tubular boss 5
through which the shaft 1 passes and this pulley 4 is free to turn on this shaft 1
when motion is given to it through a belt passed over the flange 3 this flange being
formed on its exterior to receive and carry such belt. The boss 5 has formed round
its exterior a groove to receive the upper ends of a forked vertical lever 6 which
ends are connected by a metal strap fitted in the groove. This lever 6, is centered
on a bracket 7 just below the aliaft 1 and the lower end of the lever 6 extends to
near the ground line of the loom. The lower end of this lever 6 is connected by
rods 8 (having a right and left hand screw coupling 9 for adjustment) to the lower
end of a downwardly projecting arm 10 fixed on a rocking shaft 11.
This rocking
shaft 11 extends across the loom from the back to the front being carried in
suitable bearings on the framing near the lower part of the loom and it has fixed
to it at its front end, the lower end of a long vertically placed band or starting
lever 12. This starting lever 12 is in its usual position at the front of the loom
and it is of a length sufficient to possess soine elasticity so that the requisite
pressure between the fixed coned pulley 2 and the loose flanged pulley 3 is obtained
by its spring power whilst the ordinary amount of wear may be compensated for
by the aforementioned screw coupling 9. The usual arrangement of a plate having
a slot and a notch for holding the starting lever 12 is provided and the lever 12
has formed on it a little above its middle a small projection 13. When the lever 12
is moved forward so as to apply the power which it does through its connecting
parts acting on the boss 5 and pressing the flange of the loose pulley 4 against the
coned part of the fixed pulley 2 the projection 13 is arranged to come into contact
with a lever and cam piece 14. This piece 14 is tubular and is fitted loosely upon
the end of a nearly horizontal rod 15 which extends from the front to about the
middle of the loom and is centered near its inner end on the framing. The rod 15
is jointed by its inner end to one end of a curved brake lever 16 which carries a
V shaped brake piece and the lever 16 is centered by its other end to the framing,
so as to lie horizontally just above a pulley 17 keyed on the shaft 1. This pulley
has formed in its edge a V shaped groove into which the V shaped brake piece fits
and is pressed when the front end of the lever 15 is raised either by turning the
handles of the piece 14 when a cam-like projection on it comes in contact with a
part of the framing or by the action of a helical spring connected to the front end
of the lever 15 and to the framing above. When the starting lever 12 is moved
forward the projection 13 will come into contact with the lever 15 and by the
curved under part of this projection pressing down the lever 15, the break will be
taken off automatically when the power is applied and in the case of the piece 14
having been turned by hand and the break applied by this means, the projection 13
will come into contact with the cam like projection on the piece 14 and knock it
away thus taking off the break. By the foregoing arrangements the break will be
automatically applied and the further movement of the loom speedily stopped
whenever the starting lever 12 is moved to cut off further communication of power
to the loom and on the application of the power the break will be automatically
taken off.

page_text: My improved take-up roller 19 shown in cross section in Figure 7, and part of
ono in plan in Figure 8 on sheet 3 of the accompanying drawings is carried as
formerly at the front of the loom, and it is forined of a cast iron cylinder having
longitudinal grooves in its exterior. The grooves have rebated edges which give
the appearance in section of a dovetailed joint and into those grooves plates 20, of
brass having rebated edges are fitted. These plates 20 have a number of small
holes drilled through them and into these holes the gill pins or needle points aro
put, the gill pins or needle points having heads, or are formed slightly thicker at
one end, and the pins are inserted through the plates 20 with their thicker ends
inside so that when the plates 20 are passed into the grooves the pin heads are held
against the surface of the cylinder. Whenever the pins get damaged the plates
may be easily removed from the grooves and new pins inserted and the plates
replaced.
In the modification of my improved arrangements of the wire motion represented
in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 on the accompanying drawings, there is a guide rail 21
similarly to the guide rail employed in looms constructed according to the specifi-
cation of Letters Patent granted to G. and J. Collier dated 2nd April 1802 and
numbered 929 but in my improved apparatus this rail 21 is fixed to the loom in
a lower position than formerly and yet is clear of the shuttle. This rail 21 is fixed
a little above a horizontal slide bar 22 which is placed parallel with the take up
roller 19 and having its upper surface on a line with the upper part of the
periphery of that roller. This slide bur 22 is fixed with its outer end upon an
upright 23 connected to the framing by a girth 24 and its inner end fixed on the
breast beam 25 of the loom. The outer end of the guide rail 21 is curved and
screwed to the outer end of this bar 22 and for about a quarter of its length at
this end it lies parallel with but a little in front of and slightly above the line
of the bar 22. The remaining length of the guide rail 21 extends obliquely
backwards over the bar 22 to a point uenr and in a line with the outermost or
first pile wire in the fabric on the loom. Near this end the guide rail is carried
on a bracket 20 fixed on the framing, which holds it by its upper sido leaving its
other sides clear. There is room between the guide rail 21 and the bar 22 for
a sliding piece 27 to traverse and this sliding pieco 27 is formed with rebated and
overhanging edges which grasp the bar 22 so as to form in cross section a
dovetailed joint. This aliding piece 27 carries at its front or inner end the curved
nose like projection 28 for engaging with the loops or heads of the pile wires, and
on its middle there is fitted a sliding plato 29. This plate 29 is arranged to slido
transversely to the bar 22, being fitted into a recess having undercut edges liko
the sliding piece of a compound slide rest for a lathe. This plate 29 has in its
middle a loose stud 30 having a cut formed through its top, which cut is wider
at the sides than the middle and through this cut the obliquely fixed guide rail 21
passes. At the inner end of the plate 29 there is fixed at right angles to it a small
plate 31 carrying the well known spring gripping jaws 32 for holding the head of
a pile wire the jaws lying parallel to the bar 22 with their opening towards the
pile wires. A horizontal reciprocating movement is given to the sliding piece 27
by means of a vertical lever 33 which is connected at its upper end by a small
link 34 to a stud 35, on the inner side and near the back end of the sliding
piece 27. This lever 33 is centered by its bottom end on a part of the framing
attached to the girth 24 just above the floor level, and by a rod 36 jointed to it
a little below its middle; it is connected to a part a little above the lowor end
of a vertical lever 37. This lever 37 is centered by its upper end to the breast
beam of the loom at about a quarter of tho breast beam's length from the side
upright of the main framing whilst its lower extremity is connected by a link 38
to the end of a crank arm 39. This crank 39 is fixed on the outer end of a
counter shaft 40), carried at right angles to the cam shaft of the loom, in bearings
formod in hangers fixod to the framing of the loom underneath the shed. On the
inner end of the counter shaft 40 there is keyed a bovil wheel +1 which gears
with a similar bevil wheel 42 keyed on the cam shaft, to which shaft motion is

page_text: at
given in the usual manner from the first motion shaft. Motion is thus imparted
by the crank 39 through its connections to the sliding piece 27 which is caused to
traverse to and fro along the entire length of the slide bar 22. As the sliding
piece 27 traverses, tho obliquity of the guide.rail 21 acting on the loose stud 30
will cause the sliding plate 29 to slide to and fro transversely to the piece 27 and
to assume alternately the positions indicated by the dotted lines in figure
each ond of the slide bar 22. The hook piece 28 always travels in a straight line
and in a line with the outer or first pile wire in the fabric which requires to be
withdrawn from that fabric, so that when the sliding piece 27 is at the extreme
inner end of its traverse. the hook piece 28 will engage in the usual manner with
the pile wire and on the outer traverse of the sliding piece 27 this pile wire is
withdrawn. As the sliding piece approaches the outer end of the bar 22 away
from the fabric on the loom, the gripping jaws 32, on the end of the sliding plate 29,
are brought by the guide rail 21 in towards and pressed upon the hook piece 28,
the jaws then seize and hold the head of the pile wire then on the hook piece 28
and retain their hold upon it during the remaining portion of the outer and the whole
of the inner traverse of the sliding piece. The sliding plate 29 will by 'the guide
rail be caused to carry the pile wire held by the jaws 32 inwards towards the open
shed the other end of the pile wire being supported and acted upon in the usual
way: When the sliding piece 27 is at the inner end of its traverse the pile wire
will be placed in the open shed where it is held by the usual means, whilst the
hook piece 28 at the same time by the next movement outwards of the fabric on
to the take-up roller will engage with another pile wire and the action will be
repeated. If preferred the sliding plate 29 may be actuated by a rack and pinion
movement or by frictional gearing.
Another modification of the pile wire motion is shown in plan in figure 9 on
sheet 4, in front elevation in Figure 10, on sheet 5 and in cross section in figure 11
on sheet 6 of the accompanying drawings. In these figures sufficient only of the
loom is delineated to show my improved arrangements, such parts of the loom that
are not shown being of ordinary and well known construction. The part for
engaging with and holding the pile wire during the withdrawing and re-inserting
operation, is arranged to reciprocate along a bar 43 which may be termed the slide
wire bar. This slide wire bar 43 is fixed horizontally with its broadest side facing
the front of the loom on the upper end of a vertical framing 44 arranged to vibrate
to and fro on trunnions 45 formed on it a little below its middle part. These
trunnions work in bearings formed for them one in the main frame and the other
in the side standard in a line with the pile wires and about on a level with the
cam shaft, and the framing 44 has jointed to it at a part a little above the centre
between the framing top and the trunnions, a couple of arms 46. These arms 46
extend nearly horizontally backwards and are jointed to the upper ends of two
arms 47 fixed nearly vertically upon a rocking shaft 48. This rocking shaft 48 is
carried in bearings formed for it, one in the main framing and one in the
side framing so as to be parallel with but a little above the cam shaft. This
rocking shaft 48 is placed about half way between, the first motion shaft..of the
loom and the line of the trunnions 45 and has a backwardly extending arm 49
having at its end a truck 50. This truck 50 travels upon a cam 51 fixed on. the
cam shaft 52 of the loom which cam 51 imparts a to and fro transverse movement
to the framing 44 and slide wire bar 43. The slide wire bar 43 is placed on the
framing 44 at a slight angle to the line of the pile wires with its outer end most
forward and it has in its face a groove 53 which is formed by the plate having a
rebate along its lower side into which a narrow metal strip is screwed of about the
same thickness as the upper part of the bar 43 left by the rebate. The groove 53
runs along the middle of the face of the bar 43 and at its inner end is on a level
with the heads of the pile wires. The heads of the pile wires are formed with
flat plates 54 having a rectangular hole in their middles (see figure 12). There is
a rectangular guide or box for receiving the heads of the pile wires so as to guide.
>

page_text: them this box being fixed on a bracket on the breast beam of the loom. The part
for engaging with and operating the pile wire to be withdrawn and re-inserted is
carried by a sliding piece 55 arranged to grasp and slide to and fro along the
bar 43 and it is in the form of a short curved lever 56 having its front end in
the groove 53. This lover 56 has a rectangular projection on its front end for
engaging with the hole in the head of the pile wire and is fixed on the middle of a
small spindle 57 which is carried vertically in bearings at the top and bottom of
a sliding piece 55 at its front end. The top end of this spindle 57 is connected
to a strong coiled spring enclosed in a box 58 which keeps the end of the lever 56
pressed against the groove 53 whilst at the lower end of the spindle 57 there
is a curved lever fixed having ita end turned outwards towards the front of the
loom. To give a reciprocating motion to the sliding piece 55 it is connectod
by a link to the upper end of a long lever 59 which is centered by its lower
end on a downward extension of the vibrating framing 44 near the floor line.
This lever 50 has connected to it at about one third of its length from the lower
end one end of a connecting rod 60 which rod is attached by a swivel joint 61
to one end of another rod 62. The other end of this rod 02 is jointed to the
lower end of a vertical lever 37 centered similarly on the breast beam of the loom
as in the first modification hereinbeforo described. The lower end of this lever 37
carries a truck which travels in a cam groove on a cam plate 63. This cam 63 is
driven by bevil gearing 41, 42 from the usual cam shaft of the loom as in the
modification herein before described. A to and fro traversing motion along the
bar 43 is by these connections imparted to the sliding piece 55 and at the same
time a motion transverse to the line of the pile wires is given to the slide wire
bar 43 and reciprocating piece 55 by means of the cam 51 acting through the
rocking shaft 48 on the vibrating framing 44. By this arrangement when a pile
wire has to be withdrawn the inner end of the slide wiro bar 43 is brought by the
vibrating frame 44 in a line with the first pile wire to be withdrawn, and the front
end of the arm 56 is brought by the traverse of the sliding picco 55 up and slides
over the head of that wire. The rectangular projection on its face slips into the
hole in the pile wire head and on the return movement of the sliding piece towards
the outer end of the bar 43 the head of the wire is drawn into the groove 53
which has slightly overhanging edges to guide and hold the wire head. At the
front end of the groove in the bar 43 there is a small spring catch picco 64 which
is arranged to lift and permit the passage of the head of the pile wire but which
falls over and keeps the wire in a straight line with the groove during the outward
and inward traverse of the sliding pieco 55. When the sliding picce is at the
outer end of the bar 43 and the pile wire withdrawn clear of the fabric the
vibrating frame moves the bar 43, sliding piece 55 and the pile wire backwards.
into a line with the open shed, where the pile wire is inserted by the forward.
traverse of the sliding piece. On the sliding piece approaching the end of its
traverso the curved lever at the lower end of the spindle 57 comes into contact
with an inclined guide pieco 65 fixed on the framing near the heads of the pile.
wires which guide piece 65 by its action on the curved lever lifts the spring catchi
lever 56 away from the pilo wire head thus releasing it. The pile wire when
released from the spring catch lever 56 is pushed into the open shed by a pusher 66
fixed on the inside of the sliding piece and working in the groove 53 and the pile
wire is there held ready for use in the usual way. The bar 43 is then moved
forward and brought in a line with the next pile wire to be removed. During this
forward movement the spring catch lover 56 is kept by the inclined guide 65 clear
of the pile wire box and the beads of the wires therein until the bar is brought to
its front position when the curved arm is brought out of contact with the inclined
guide 65 and permits the coiled spring to press the lever 50 against the head of
the next wire to be removed when the actions just described will be repeated,
When weaving with very fine wires it may be advantageous to employ an
additional guide for them when entering the open shed of the loom. In this case

page_text: there is a V shaped or trumpet mouthed guide 66 (shown in dotted lines) pivotted
on a bracket attached to the breast beam of the loom and this guide 66 projects in
front of the outer line of the wire box.
When making wide width goods the sliding pieces in both the foregoing
modifications instead of having their traversing motion imparted to them by levers
such motion may be imparted by endless chains or cords in the well known manner
at present sometimes employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly-The improved method of driving looms by friction in combination
with the automatic brake apparatus substantially as herein before described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Secondly: The improved arrangement of the take-up roller substantially as
herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly The improved combination and arrangement of parts of apparatus
forming the first modification of the improved pile wire motion substantially as
herein before described with reference to Figures 1 to 8 on the accompanying
drawings.
:
Fourthly The improved combination and arrangement of parts of apparatus
forming the second modification of the improved pile wire motion substantially as
herein before described with reference, to Figures 9 to 12 on the accompanying
drawings.
Fifthly-The improved compound slide arrangement for carrying the parts
operating on the pile wire heads when withdrawing and re-inserting the pile wires
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 to 8 on the
accompanying drawings.
Sixthly: The improved reciprocating sliding piece with the spring catch lever
arrangement and pusher substantially as herein before described with reference to
Figures 9 to 12 on the accompanying drawings.
Seventhly-The vibrating sliding and pile wire supporting bar (43) substantially
as herein before described with reference to Figures 9 to 12 on the accompanying
drawings.
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