Improved Process for Preparing Threads and Fabrics for the purpose of rendering Fabrics Puncture Pro.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 3rd July, 1900-Accepted, 23rd Oct., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Process for Preparing Threads and Fabrics for the purpose
of rendering Fabrics Puncture Proof.
We, ANTOINE BOYEUX, LOUIS FRANÇOIS HUMBERT, ANTOINE SANLAVILLE, all of
34, Rue Ferrandière, Lyons, in the Republic of France, Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved process of preparing fabrics of vegetable
or animal matters as also the thread before weaving in such a manner as to
render these fabrics proof against puncture from nails or pointed objects; the
fabrics being especially suitable for puncture proof bands or covers for pneu-
matic tyres of bicycles, tricycles, automotors, or the like.
The fibres to be treated, principally cotton fibre, is first woven very finely;
mercerized and washed (this mercerising is for the purpose of reducing the
fabric still further and for giving it elasticity) it is metallised then by passing it
through a solution of acetate of lead.
It is then put into a bath of acidulated water, containing sulphuric or other
acid so that a sulphate of lead is formed upon the fabric; it is washed and dried
and then if necessary, rolled or callendered.
It is then passed through a benzine bath containing caoutchouc in solution
(about 100 grammes of caoutchouc per liter of benzine) adding then about 800
grammes of oxide of lead or zinc and it is then dried again. It is then spread
by means of a roller or the like with ceruse in powder form, sulphate of baryta
or the like in order to complete the proper filling of the interstices of the fabric.
Vegetable threads, before weaving undergo the same operations as above but
the fabrics manufactured with these threads are then rolled and callendered.
For threads and tissues of common silk the mercerizing is dispensed with and
in order to fill the interstices the silk is repeatedly dipped into a bath of stannic
chloride of the same strength as used in dyeing processes, the other operations
are then the same as for vegetable fibres.
For fabrics of tussah silk and of wool, mercerizing as well as treatment in a
bath of stannic chloride are not required, these fabrics shrinking naturally when
treated in the different baths.
The prepared fabrics are cut into strips of different breadth and they can be
sewed or cemented together in order to make protecting covers for the air tubes
of the tyres with them.
The fabric strips can be put directly upon the air tubes or on other caoutchouc
bands or covers suitable for the purpose.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1899.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.

page_text: Improved Process for Preparing Threads and Fabrics for the purpose
of rendering Fabrics Puncture Proof.
We, ANTOINE BOYEUX, LOUIS FRANCOIS HUMBERT, and ANTOINE SANLAVILLE,
all of 34, Rue Ferrandière. Lyons, France, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:~
This invention relates to an improved process for preparing fabrics of vegetable
or animal matters, as also the thread before weaving, in such a manner as to
render these fabrics proof against puncture from nails or pointed objects; the
fabrics being especially suitable for puncture proof bands or covers for pneu-
matic tyres of bicycles, tricycles, automotors or the like.
The fibres to be treated, especially cotton fibre are first woven very closely,
mercerized and washed (this mercerising is for the purpose of reducing the fabric
still further and for giving it elasticity) the fabric is then metallized by passing
it through a solution of acetate of lead in the proportion of 200gr. of acetate
of lead to 1 litre of boiling water, in order to render it acrid and at the same
time to give a coating to the fibre. It is then taken out without being washed
and passed into a bath of acidulated water, containing sulphuric or other acid, in
the proportion of 10gr. of acid to 1 litre of water, so that a sulphate of lead or
the like is formed upon the fibre; it is then washed and dried.
The fabric is then brushed or otherwise treated with a solution of caoutchouc
and benzine (about 80-100 grammes of caoutchouc to 2 litres of benzine). To
this quantity of solution about 800 grammes of ceruse or oxide of lead or of zinc,
is added and it is then dried again; metallic powders may also be used but it is
preferable to use metallic oxides. Vegetable threads if they are to be treated
before weaving undergo the same treatment as fabrics.
For threads and fabrics of common silk the mercerizing is dispensed with and
in order to fill the interstices the silk is repeatedly dipped into a bath of stannic
chloride of the same strength as used in dyeing processes.
The said webs of ordinary silk are passed several times through a cold bath
composed of bichloride of tin of a strength of 28° Beaumé, and then rinsed in
cold water after each time it has passed through the bichloride: in the last
rinsing water about 30gr. of carbonate of soda to each litre of water is introduced
in order to completely fix the bichloride on the silk. The web is then rinsed
freely in water: the following operations are the same as for cotton webs.
For fabrics of tussah silk and of wool, mercerizing as well as treatment in a
bath of stannic chloride are not required, these fabrics shrinking naturally when
treated in the different baths.
In the processes indicated above, as a finishing process the inferstices of the
fabrics may be filled with any kind of metallic salts or oxides, alkaline, argila-
ceous, mineral or vegetable powders, and in general powders or levigated materials
of any kind.
The salts, oxides, powders &c. preferably employed in the finishing operation
are acetate of lead. acetate of iron, acetate of zinc, tin putty or powdered ceruse.
The method of filling the interstices of the fabrics with the metallic salts,
oxides, powders &c., is as follows. The dry web prepared as above is stretched
on a table and the materials applied with a brush on both sides.
The prepared fabrics are cut into strips of different breadth and they can be
sewn or cemented together in order to make protecting covers for the air tubes
of the tyres.

page_text: The fabric strips can be put directly upon the air tubes or on or under other
caoutchouc bands or covers suitable for the purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. A new method of preparing vegetable fabrics, especially cotton fabrics in
order to form therewith puncture proof bands for tyres of bicycles, tricycles,
automotors and like purposes, consisting in mercerizing and washing the fabric and
metallizing the same by passing it through a solution of acetate of lead, then
putting it into a bath of acidulated water, washing and drying it and then brush-
ing it with a composition made of a solution of caoutchouc in benzine and ceruse
and oxides or metallic powders.
2. The preparation of silk threads and fabrics by the same process as described
in Claim 1 but without mercerizing, the mercerizing process being replaced by
dipping the silk into a bath of stannic chloride in order to fill the interstices.
3. The preparation of fabrics of tussah silk and of wool as described, dispensing
only with the mercerizing.
Dated this 3rd day of Jul 1000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicants,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W.C., London.