IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE, DOOR STOPS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Cross, of 22, Jonson Place, Parish of
Paddington, County of Middlesex, Coach Maker, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE, DOOR STOPS."
Sealed. the 17th March 1869, and dated the 18th September 1868..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Cross at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th September 1868..
I, WILLIAM CROSS, of 22, Jonson Place, Parish of Paddington,.
County of Middlesex, Coach Maker, do hereby declare the nature of.
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE DOOR STOPS," to be.
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide a spring stop to prevent
the doors of railway or other carriages being opened. too far, back,
whereby the handle of the door is liable to damage the body..
In carrying out my Invention I propose to form. an external hinge.
of brass or other suitable metal, which hinge is made with conical
cavities, near its extreme ends, I fit into the said cavities two pieces

page_text: of vulcanized india-rubber or other elastic material, so that when the
door is fully opened the corresponding pieces of rubber or other material
shall meet and act as a buffer or spring to prevent the door striking
against the body. I propose also to effect the same object by fitting
the doors with hinges of the ordinary kind and adding my improved
spring stop by placing the said pieces of rubber or other material in
the centres of metal shields fitted with conical recesses to receive and
hold them in position. The said shields are fixed to the body and
door so as to meet when the door is. fully opened as aforesaid. Instead
of the rubber described I propose to rivet stcol plates to the flaps of
the hinge to meet and act as springs for the purpose aforesaid.
SPECIFICATION în pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Cross in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 18th March 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CROSS, of 22, Jonson Place, Parish of Paddington, County of Middlesex,
Coach Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Lettors
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-first
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Cross, Her special licence that I,
the said William Cross, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Cross, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thercafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within tho
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE DOOR STOPs,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, tho said William
Cross, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Cross, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of this Invention is to provide a spring stop to prevent
the doors of railway or other carriages being opened too far back, whereby
the handle of the door is liable to damage the body.
In carrying out my Invention I propose to form an external hinge
of brass or other suitable metal, which hinge is made with conical
cavities near its extreme ends. I fit into the said cavities two pieces
of vulcanized india-rubber or other elastic material, so that when the
door is fully opened the corresponding pieces of rubber or other elastic
material shall meet and act as a buffer or spring to prevent the door
striking against the body. I propose also to effect the same object
by fitting the doors with hinges of the ordinary kind and adding my
improved spring stop by placing the said pieces of india-rubber or
other clastic material in the centres of metal shields fitted with conical
recesses to receive and hold them in position. The said shields are
fixed to the body and door so as to meet when the door. is fully
opened as aforesaid. Instead of the rubber described I propose to rivet
steel plates to the flaps of the hinge or discs or shields to meet and
act as springs for the purpose aforesaid.
I now proceed to describe more particularly my Invention, reference
being made to the accompanying Drawing, and to which the following

page_text: the spring upon which the counterpart Fig. 4 strikes. The spring is
dropped into a hole drilled into the framing f to give it greater
range.
Figs. 3 and 4 is the counterpart to work along with Figs. 1, .2,
and 5. It is simply a metal stud on a face plate e.
Fig. 5 is another arrangement similar to Figs. 1 and 2, but having
the india-rubber pad a referred to above.
Fig. 6 is an elevation, and Fig. 7 a sectional plan of a hinge fitted
with the pads of india-rubber a, a. This is preferred to be the middle
hinge of the door and is used externally. The taper on the cavities
to receive the pads a, a, is to keep them in position.
Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 are several forms of the disc or
shields referred to above fitted with pads of india-rubber a, a. The
details are varied to suit the requirements of the different classes of
carriage stock.
Fig. 15 is an elevation; and Fig. 16 a plan of shield wherein the
flat steel spring d, d, is used instead of the india-rubber pads. A similar
counterpart may be used with this or a piece of plate may be fixed
to the door where the steel spring strikes upon the door. The
spring d, d, is held in position by two rivets at its one end.
Fig. 17 is a plan, and Fig. 18 an elevation of a shield raised on
the projecting arm or bracket d, d, when it may be necessary to limit
the opening of the door to clear the outside lamp or other external
fittings or portion of the carriage body.
Fig. 19 shows a plan of a hinge having an inside flap to be screwed
to the side of the door pillar to give increased strength to the hinge.
Fig. 20 is a plan, and Fig. 21 an elevation of a compound hinge
and shield. The knuckles of the shield consist of the three in the
middle of the hinge, and the knuckles of the hinge consist of the
two additional at the top and bottom. The detached portions of the
hinge are represented in Figs. 22 and 23.
Having thus described and explained my said Invention as I find
it more convenient to carry out in practice, I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not restrict myself to the precise forms or arrangements
shown, as from the nature of the Invention these may be varied to
suit the several classes of carriage doors to which the Invention is
applicable without departing from the principle upon which the Invention

page_text: is based. But what I claim as original and therefore desire to be
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
providing an elastic external carriage door stop to prevent the handle
striking the carriage body.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Cross, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
WILLIAM CROSS. (L.S.)