IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING, REFRIGERATING, AND ICE MAKING APPARATUS, PART BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thomson King, of 4, Clayton Square, in the City of
Liverpool, Consulting Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING,
REFRIGERATING, AND ICE MAKING APPARATUS, PART BEING APPLICABLE FOR
OTHER PURPOSES." A communication from Thomas Rose, of San Antonio,"
Texas, United States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Thomson King at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July 1881.
JOHN THOMSON KING, of 4, Clayton Square, in the City of Liverpool, Consulting
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN COOLING, REFRIGERATING, AND ICE MAKING
APPARATUS, PART BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES.". A communication
from Thomas Rose, of San Antonio, Texas, United States of America.
The said Invention relates to cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus,
in which ammonia or other suitable gas or gases is or are alternately given off and
absorbed by water or other liquid or liquids capable of occluding the said gas or
gases. The object is to provide apparatus which shall be cheap, durable, and
efficient, simple in construction, economical in action and maintenance, not liable
to get out of order, and easily managed and worked, being thus specially applicable
for use in countries where skilled labour is not easily available.
Under the first part of my Invention the appliances for cooling, refrigerating,
and ice making consists essentially of duplicate apparatus, each of which acts
alternately as refrigerator and condenser. In one set of apparatus ammonia or
other suitable gas is given off, and heat is abstracted from the liquid body or
material to be cooled, refrigerated, or congealed; in the other set of apparatus the
ammonia or other gas or gases is or are occluded or absorbed by a suitable liquid
or liquids, water being circulated around or through the said apparatus to carry off
the heat given out during the absorbtion of the said gas or gases. Between the
duplicate set of apparatus, and connected to each by suitable pipes or tubes and
cocks or valves, is or are an air pump or pumps.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a plan view; Fig. 2, a sectional side and elevation; and Fig. 3, an end eleva-
tion of apparatus constructed in accordance with the above first part of my Invention.
The same letters denote like parts in all the views. a, a¹, metal tanks fitted or provided
with moulds or cells b, b', also of metal; c, c¹, domes opening to the tanks a, a¹, and
constructed by preference with baffle plates or water separaters d, d'; e, e', pipes
or tubes opening to the said domes c, c¹, and to the suction port of the air pump f;
g, g, cocks or valves; "h, h', pipes or tubes reaching to and extending along the
bottoms of the tanks a, a¹. Those portions of the said pipes or tubes which extend
along the bottoms of the tanks are perforated, and the other ends thereof are open
to the eduction port of the said air pump f; i, i, cocks or valves; j, j, pipes
connecting the moulds or cells b, b₁, at the bottom; k, k, waste cocks or valves;
1, 1, main water supply cocks or 'valves; m, m¹, branch pipes and cocks or valves
for admitting rain or spring water or other liquid to the moulds or cells when
desired; m, n, pipes or tubes opening to and connecting the moulds or cells b, b',
at the tops; o, o¹, waste cocks; P, p¹, force pumps connected to the pipes j, Ï³,
and n, n. The air pump fand the force pumps p, p', are of any ordinary or
desired construction, and receive motion from any convenient power.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The cock or valve k is closed, the
cock or valve or m is opened, and the water or liquid to be cooled or refrigerated
is allowed to flow into the moulds or cells b; when the said moulds or cells are full
the cock or valve is closed. If it is desired that ice should be produced in the
moulds or cells the force pump p is put in motion, and the water or liquid is caused
to circulate through the said moulds or cells and pipes n and j, the object being to
ensure that the said ice shall be free from air cells or discoloration; for-that purpose
motion may be given to the said water or liquid by agitating arms or in any other
desired manner. The tank a is nearly filled with a saturated solution of animonia,
the tank b being about five sixths full of a weak or half strength ammonia solution.
The solution of ammonia in water is used by preference, although solutions of
sulphurous acid, or a mixture of sulphurous acid and ammonia in water or like
solutions may be used if desired. The cocks or valves e and h are opened and the
cocks or valves e and h¹ closed, and the air pump put in motion. Gaseous
ammonia passes from tank a, past the plates d to the air pump f, and thence to
the tank a', where it passes through the perforations in the pipe h' at the bottom
of the tank, and is absorbed by the weak or half strength solution of ammonia
contained therein. To absorb the heat given off in tank a¹ during the absorbtion
of the ammonia gas, water is allowed to enter the pipe j¹ through the cock l' or m¹
flow through the moulds or cells b', and pass off through the pipes n' and waste
cock or valve o', the waste cock or valve c¹ being closed. For freezing water and
producing ice in the moulds or cells the ammonical liquor space must be about five
times as great as the capacity of the said moulds or cells, or as the space occupied
by the water to be frozen, so that when the liquor in one tank is saturated the
water in the moulds or cells in the other tauk will be frozen. When ice has been
formed in the moulds or cells b, or when refrigeration has been carried sufficiently
far, the position of the cocks or valves above mentioned is reversed, and the
ammoniacal gas is pumped from the tank a¹ to a. Ice may then be formed in the
moulds or cells b', and the ice previously formed in the moulds or cells bis thawed
off and removed. Water is then run through the moulds or cells b to carry away
the heat given off during the absorbtion of the gas.
Where pure water is not available in quantity, impure or muddy water may be
run through the moulds or cells in the tank where absorbtion is taking place to
carry away the heat given off.
In apparatus operating substantially as above setforth, gas only has to be moved;
the liquid always remains in its respective vessel or tank, and each vessel or tank
becomes alternately a refrigerator and an absorbser and condenser. As the action
is direct, and recourse is not had to any intermediate solution for conveying heat
from the liquid to be refrigerated or frozen, the temperature of the refrigerating

page_text: liquid in the tank will not be reduced much below 32° F., until all the latent heat
has been extracted from the water to be frozen.
Under the second part of my Invention, apparatus for cooling, refrigerating, and
ice making consists essentially of a vapourizing and refrigerating chamber, and an
absorbing and condensing chamber, connected together by three systems of pipes
or tubes; one such system for conveying, by means of a pump, ammoniacal or
like gas from the vapourizing chamber to the absorbing chamber; a second for
conveying, also by means of a pump, refrigerated liquid from which the ammoniacal
or like gas has been partly removed, through cells or chambers surrounding or
immersed in the liquid to be cooled, refrigerated, or frozen to the absorbing
chamber; and a third for allowing the re charged or strong solution of ammoniacal
or like gas to flow back from the absorbing to the vapourizing or refrigerating
chamber.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of apparatus constructed under the above second
part of my Invention; and Fig. 5, a horizontal section of the vapourizing and
refrigerating chamber; 1 is the vapourizing and refrigerating chamber; 2, absorbing
and condensing chamber; 3, pipes through which gas from 1 is conveyed to 2;
4, pump; 5, pipes through which the refrigerating fluid is conveyed from 1 to 2;
6, pump; 7, pipe through which the recharged and strong liquor flows from
2 to 1. The pipe 3, through which the gas passes from 1 to 2, is provided with
a perforated ring 8 to ensure that the gas entering 2 shall be well distributed;
9, 10, are baffle plates placed at the top of 1 to prevent water or liquid being
carried by the gas from 1 to 2; 11, valve to prevent passage of liquid from 2 to
the pump 4. The pipe or tube 5, conveying the refrigerating fluid to 2, is bent
up at the end, so that the liquid flowing out may rise and strike against the
plate 12 and be diverted down over the perforated ring 8, and so facilitate
absorbtion. The liquid in its passage through the pipe or tube 5 passes through
cells, chambers, or the like, surrounding the liquid to be cooled, refrigerated, or
congealed, outlined at 51; 13, weighted valve interposed between the pipe or
tube 7 and the absorbing chamber 2 to close the passage through the said pipe
except when the pressure in 2 is greater than the required, say, atmospheric
pressure; 15, trays in 1, on which the weak liquid falls from the return pipe 7.
The said trays are provided with spiral guides 16, which cause the said liquid to
flow over the said plates alternately from the interior to the exterior, for the
purpose of facilitating absorbtion; 14, coils of pipes through which cold water is
caused to pass for carrying away the heat given off during the absorbtion of the
ammonia or like gas; 17, dome in which gauges are placed to show the height of
the liquid in absorbing chamber 2, and also the pressure or vacuum in the said
chamber; 18, stop cock which is opened from time to time to show whether gas is
accumulating in 2. According as liquid gas is accumulating in 2, the speed of
pumps 4 or 6 is altered.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Ammoniacal or like gas flows
continuously from 1 to 2 through the pipes 3 and pump 4, the cold or refrigerating
liquid from which the ammoniacal or like gas has been removed flows continuously
from 1 to 2 through the pipe or tube 5 and pump 6. At 5¹, between 1 and 2, the
refrigeration takes place, 5¹ being a tank provided with cells through which the
refrigerating fluid passes, or the said tank is constructed in any other convenient
and suitable manner. The ammoniacal or like gas and refrigerating liquid meet
in the absorbing chamber 2, the gas is absorbed by the liquid and the strong liquor
passes by the pipe or tube 7 to 1, where the gas is again given off.
The pumps and 6 are of any desired construction, and are operated by any
convenient or suitable motive power.
The
The pump 4 should have about 400 times the capacity of pump 6, and the
vessels or chambers 1 and 2 should be filled with liquor of half strength at starting,
as that is the point at which the pump has little or no further effect on it.
chambers 1 and 2 and pipes and connections are constructed of metal, and may be
varied in shape and size to suit circumstances.

page_text: Under the third part of my Invention, Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional elevations at
right angles to each other of a pump for moving gases suitable for use with the
apparatus herein before described, or for moving gases generally; 20, cylinder
separated from the chamber 21 by the rocking piece 22; 23, sliding piston passing
through a slot in 22, and provided with a head 24; 25, grooves, passages, or ports
in 23 to allow of gas passing from 21 to 22. The head 24 is fitting with packing
strips 26, held in position by springs; 27, crank discs connected to 24, and provided
with the driving shafts. 28, passing through stuffing boxes 29; 30, bearings;
31, driving gear; 32, first notion pulley; 33, grooves or channels cut in 23 for
allowing gas to pass from the cylinder 20 to the chamber 21: 34, suction port;
35, discharge port; 36, packing pieces and strips constructing and operating in
any usual manner for keeping the moving parts in close contact with each other
and with the cylinder and chamber.
The action of the pump is as follows:-Motion is given to the discs 27, which
carry round with them the head 24 of the slide 23, which latter moves in and out
through the rocking piece 22. Air or gas enters at 34, and passes off through 35.
The arrows show the direction of motion. In the position shown the suction port 34.
is covered, and the grooves or ports 25 are beyond the packing pieces 36 in the
rocking piece 22, and all communication between the cylinder 20 and the chamber 21
is cut off. As soon as the pump is put in motion gas is drawn into the cylinder 20
through the port 35, and the sliding piston moves forward until the grooves 25 open
both to the cylinder 20 and the chamber 21, and gas in the said cylinder on further
motion of the piston be forced into the chamber 21. No valves are necessary, as
the motion of the pump is always in one direction, and the inlet port is covered
before the exhaust port is opened. The grooves 25 are placed obliquely to prevent
unequal wear of the packing strips. As there are no valves to get out of order the
pump may run at high speed. The action of the ammoniacal gas on the oil used
for lubricating produces a soap which assists very materially in keeping the pump
air and gas tight.
Having now described and particularized the nature of the said Invention
in such manner that others will be enabled to carry the same into practice, I
claim,―
First. Duplicate apparatus acting alternately, substantially in the manner and
for the purposes set forth.
Second. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus constructed in duplicate
and connected together by pipes, cocks, and pumps, substantially as set forth under
the first part.
Third. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus, consisting of a vapourizer
and an absorber and condensor, connected by three systems of pipes, arranged
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Fourth. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus, constructed, arranged,
and operating substantially as set forth under the second part.
Fifth. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus, operating substantially
as set forth under the first and second parts.
Sixth. Constructing air or gas pumps, substantially as set forth under the third
part.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Thomson King, have hereunto set my

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Thomson King, of 4, Clayton Square, in the City of
Liverpool, Consulting Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN Cooling,
REFRIGERATING, AND ICE MAKING APPARATUS, PART BEING APPLICABLE FOR
OTHER PURPOSES." A communication from Thomas Rose, of San Antonio,"
Texas, United States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said John Thomson King at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th July 1881.
JOHN THOMSON KING, of 4, Clayton Square, in the City of Liverpool, Consulting
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING, REFRIGERATING, AND ICE MAKING
APPARATUS, PART BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES." A communication
from Thomas Rose, of San Antonio, Texas, United States of America.
The said Invention relates to cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus,
in which ammonia or other suitable gas or gases is or are alternately given off and
absorbed by water or other liquid or liquids capable of occluding the said gas or
gases. The object is to provide apparatus which shall be cheap, durable, and
efficient, simple in construction, economical in action and maintenance, not liable
to get out of order, and easily managed and worked, being thus specially applicable
for use in countries where skilled labour is not easily available.
Under the first part of my Invention the appliances for cooling, refrigerating,
and ice making consists essentially of duplicate apparatus, each of which acts
alternately as refrigerator and condenser. In one set of apparatus ammonia or
other suitable gas is given off, and heat is abstracted from the liquid body or
material to be cooled, refrigerated, or congealed; in the other set of apparatus the
ammonia or other gas or gases is or are occluded or absorbed by a suitable liquid
or liquids, water being circulated around or through the said apparatus to carry off
the heat given out during the absorbtion of the said gas or gases.
Between the
duplicate set of apparatus, and connected to each by suitable pipes or tubes and
cocks or valves, is or are an air pump or pumps.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a plan view; Fig. 2, a sectional side and elevation; and Fig. 3, an end eleva-
tion of apparatus constructed in accordance with the above first part of my Invention.
The same letters denote like parts in all the views. a, a³, metal tanks fitted or provided
with moulds or cells b, b', also of metal; c, c¹, domes opening to the tanks a, a¹, and
constructed by preference with baffle plates or water separaters d, d'; e, e', pipes
or tubes opening to the said domes c, c¹, and to the suction port of the air pump f;
g, g, cocks or valves; h, h', pipes or tubes reaching to and extending along the
bottoms of the tanks a, a¹. Those portions of the said pipes or tubes which extend
along the bottoms of the tanks are perforated, and the other ends thereof are open
to the eduction port of the said air pump f; i, ', cocks or valves; j, j, pipes
connecting the moulds or cells b, b¹, at the bottom; k, k¹, waste cocks or valves;
,, main water supply cocks or valves; m, m³, branch pipes and cocks or valves
for admitting rain or spring water or other liquid to the moulds or cells when
desired; n, n¹, pipes or tubes opening to and connecting the moulds or cells b, b',
at the tops; o, o¹, waste cocks; p, p¹, force pumps connected to the pipes j, j',
and n, n. The air pump f and the force pumps p, p', are of any ordinary or
desired construction, and receive motion from any convenient power.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The cock or valve k is closed, the
cock or valve or m is opened, and the water or liquid to be cooled or refrigerated
is allowed to flow into the moulds or cells b; when the said moulds or cells are full
the cock or valve is closed. If it is desired that ice should be produced in the
moulds or cells the force pump p is put in motion, and the water or liquid is caused
to circulate through the said moulds or cells and pipes n and j, the object being to
ensure that the said ice shall be free from air cells or discoloration; for that purpose
motion may be given to the said water or liquid by agitating arms or in any other
desired manner. The tank a is nearly filled with a saturated solution of animonia,
the tank b being about five sixths full of a weak or half strength ammonia solution.
The solution of ammonia in water is used by preference, although solutions of
sulphurous acid, or a mixture of sulphurous acid and ammonia in water or like
solutions may be used if desired. The cocks or valves e and h are opened and the
cocks or valves e¹ and h¹ closed, and the air pump ƒ put in motion. Gaseous
ammonia passes from tank a, past the plates & to the air pump f, and thence to
the tank a', where it passes through the perforations in the pipe h' at the bottom
of the tank, and is absorbed by the weak or half strength solution of ammonia
contained therein. To absorb the heat given off in tank a¹ during the absorbtion
of the ammonia gas, water is allowed to enter the pipe j¹ through the cock l' or m¹
flow through the moulds or cells b', and pass off through the pipes n' and waste
cock or valve o¹, the waste cock or valve k¹ being closed. For freezing water and
producing ice in the moulds or cells the ammonical liquor space must be about five
times as great as the capacity of the said moulds or cells, or as the space occupied
by the water to be frozen, so that when the liquor in one tank is saturated the
water in the moulds or cells in the other tank will be frozen. When ice has been
formed in the moulds or cells b, or when refrigeration has been carried sufficiently
far, the position of the cocks or valves above mentioned is reversed, and the
ammoniacal gas is pumped from the tank a¹ to a. Ice may then be formed in the
moulds or cells b', and the ice previously formed in the moulds or cells b is thawed
off and removed. Water is then run through the moulds or cells b to carry away
the heat given off during the absorbtion of the gas.
Where pure water is not available in quantity, impure or muddy water may be
run through the moulds or cells in the tank where absorbtion is taking place to
carry away the heat given off.
In apparatus operating substantially as above setforth, gas only has to be moved;
the liquid always remains in its respective vessel or tank, and each vessel or tank
becomes alternately a refrigerator and an absorbser and condenser. As the action
is direct, and recourse is not had to any intermediate solution for conveying heat
from the liquid to be refrigerated or frozen, the temperature of the refrigerating

page_text: liquid in the tank will not be reduced much below 32° F., until all the latent heat
has been extracted from the water to be frozen.
Under the second part of my Invention, apparatus for cooling, refrigerating, and
ice making consists essentially of a vapourizing and refrigerating chamber, and an
absorbing and condensing chamber, connected together by three systems of pipes
or tubes; one such system for conveying, by means of a pump, ammoniacal or
like gas from the vapourizing chamber to the absorbing chamber; a second for
conveying, also by means of a pump, refrigerated liquid from which the ammoniacal
or like gas has been partly removed, through cells or chambers surrounding or
immersed in the liquid to be cooled, refrigerated, or frozen to the absorbing
chamber; and a third for allowing the re charged or strong solution of ammoniacal
or like gas to flow back from the absorbing to the vapourizing or refrigerating
chamber.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of apparatus constructed under the above second
part of my Invention; and Fig. 5, a horizontal section of the vapourizing and
refrigerating chamber; 1 is the vapourizing and refrigerating chamber; 2, absorbing
and condensing chamber; 3, pipes through which gas from 1 is conveyed to 2;
4, pump; 5, pipes through which the refrigerating fluid is conveyed from 1 to 2;
6, pump; 7, pipe through which the recharged and strong liquor flows from
2 to 1. The pipe 3, through which the gas passes from 1 to 2, is provided with
a perforated ring 8 to ensure that the gas entering 2 shall be well distributed ;
9, 10, are baffle plates placed at the top of 1 to prevent water or liquid being
carried by the gas from 1 to 2; 11, valve to prevent passage of liquid from 2 to
the pump 4.
The pipe or tube 5, conveying the refrigerating fluid to 2, is bent
up at the end, so that the liquid flowing out may rise and strike against the
plate 12 and be diverted down over the perforated ring 8, and so facilitate
absorbtion. The liquid in its passage through the pipe or tube 5 passes through
cells, chambers, or the like, surrounding the liquid to be cooled, refrigerated, or
congealed, outlined at 51; 13, weighted valve interposed between the pipe or
tube 7 and the absorbing chamber 2 to close the passage through the said pipe
except when the pressure in 2 is greater than the required, say, atmospheric
pressure; 15, trays in 1, on which the weak liquid falls from the return pipe 7.
The said trays are provided with spiral guides 16, which cause the said liquid to
flow over the said plates alternately from the interior to the exterior, for the
purpose of facilitating absorbtion; 14, coils of pipes through which cold water is
caused to pass for carrying away the heat given off during the absorbtion of the
ammonia or like gas; 17, dome in which gauges are placed to show the height of
the liquid in absorbing chamber 2, and also the pressure or vacuum in the said
chamber; 18, stop cock which is opened from time to time to show whether gas is
accumulating in 2. According as liquid gas is accumulating in 2, the speed of
pumps 4 or 6 is altered.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Ammoniacal or like gas flows
continuously from 1 to 2 through the pipes 3 and pump 4, the cold or refrigerating
liquid from which the ammoniacal or like gas has been removed flows continuously
from 1 to 2 through the pipe or tube 5 and pump 6. At 5, between 1 and 2, the
refrigeration takes place, 5' being a tank provided with cells through which the
refrigerating fluid passes, or the said tank is constructed in any other convenient
and suitable manner. The ammoniacal or like gas and refrigerating liquid meet
in the absorbing chamber 2, the gas is absorbed by the liquid and the strong liquor
passes by the pipe or tube 7 to 1, where the gas is again given off.
The pumps 4 and 6 are of any desired construction, and are operated by any
convenient or suitable motive power.
The
The pump 4 should have about 400 times the capacity of pump 6, and the
vessels or chambers 1 and 2 should be filled with liquor of half strength at starting,
as that is the point at which the pump has little or no further effect on it.
chambers 1 and 2 and pipes and connections are constructed of metal, and may be
varied in shape and size to suit circumstances.

page_text: Under the third part of my Invention, Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional elevations at
right angles to each other of a pump for moving gases suitable for use with the
apparatus herein before described, or for moving gases generally; 20, cylinder
separated from the chamber 21 by the rocking piece 22; 23, sliding piston passing
through a slot in 22, and provided with a head 24; 25, grooves, passages, or ports
in 23 to allow of gas passing from 21 to 22. The head 24 is fitting with packing
strips 26, held in position by springs; 27, crank discs connected to 24, and provided
with the driving shafts. 28, passing through stuffing boxes 29; 30, bearings;
31, driving gear; 32, first motion pulley; 33, grooves or channels cut in 23 for
allowing gas to pass from the cylinder 20 to the chamber 21: 34, suction port;
35, discharge port; 36, packing pieces and strips constructing and operating in
any usual manner for keeping the moving parts in close contact with each other
and with the cylinder and chamber.
The action of the pump is as follows:-Motion is given to the discs 27, which
carry round with them the head 24 of the slide 23, which latter moves in and out
through the rocking piece 22. Air or gas enters at 34, and passes off through 35.
The arrows show the direction of motion. In the position shown the suction port 34
is covered, and the grooves or ports 25 are beyond the packing pieces 36 in the
rocking piece 22, and all communication between the cylinder 20 and the chamber 21
is cut off. As soon as the pump is put in motion gas is drawn into the cylinder 20
through the port 35, and the sliding piston moves forward until the grooves 25 open
both to the cylinder 20 and the chamber 21, and gas in the said cylinder on further
motion of the piston be forced into the chamber 21. No valves are necessary, as
the motion of the pump is always in one direction, and the inlet port is covered
before the exhaust port is opened. The grooves 25 are placed obliquely to prevent
unequal wear of the packing strips. As there are no valves to get out of order the
pump may run at high speed. The action of the ammoniacal gas on the oil used
for lubricating produces a soap which assists very materially in keeping the pump
air and gas tight.
Having now described and particularized the nature of the said Invention
in such manner that others will be enabled to carry the same into practice, I
claim,―
First. Duplicate apparatus acting alternately, substantially in the manner and
for the purposes set forth.
Second. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus constructed in duplicate
and connected together by pipes, cocks, and pumps, substantially as set forth under
the first part.
Third. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus, consisting of a vapourizer
and an absorber and condensor, connected by three systems of pipes, arranged
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Fourth. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus, constructed, arranged,
and operating substantially as set forth under the second part.
Fifth. Cooling, refrigerating, and ice making apparatus, operating substantially
as set forth under the first and second parts.
Sixth. Constructing air or gas pumps, substantially as set forth under the third
part.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Thomson King, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand