IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS."
-A communication from abroad by Thomas William Harrison and
Aaron Parker Richardson, both of Boston, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 30th March 1874, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE,, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting..
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN. LOOMS FOR WEAVING NARROW FABRICS," and have petitioned Her Majesty
to. grant unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her

page_text: !
Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration
that it has been communicated to me from abroad by Thomas William
Harrison and Aaron Parker Richardson, both of Boston, Massachusetts,
United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing forming
a part of this Specification :-
My Invention relates to looms for weaving narrow fabrics in which a
series of shuttles are employed one for each strip or piece of fabric
being woven. In this class of looms as heretofore constructed the
shuttles are all moved simultaneously in guides upon the lay or batten,
by a rack which actuates a series of gears which engage with the
shuttles and move them back and forth as required. This mechanism is
complicated and produces much friction, thus preventing the loom from
being run at a high speed, and as the entire series of shuttles is actuated
by a single rack the breakage of a thread or the running out of the thread
in one of the shuttles necessitates the stoppage of all the shuttles until the
thread is united or the shuttle re-supplied therewith, resulting in a great
loss of time, and consequent diminution in the quantity of fabric
produced.
Furthermore the lay or batten which extends the entire length of the
loom is exceedingly heavy, and can only be moved at a moderate speed.
To overcome these difficulties is the object of my Invention, which
consists in operating each shuttle of the loom by separate and
independent mechanism that can be disconnected from or connected
with the driving power, whereby I am enabled to stop any one of the
shuttles for any purpose without interfering with the motion of the
other shuttles, thus effecting a great saving of time and increasing
the production of the loom.
My Invention also consists in a simple and effective mechanism for
actuating the shuttle by which the friction is greatly reduced, so that
the loom can be safely run at a very high speed.
My Invention also consists in providing a separate and independent
lay for each of the shuttles of a loom for weaving narrow fabrics, and

page_text: in moving the shuttle upon stationary ways separate and independent of
the lay instead of upon it as heretofore, whereby I am enabled to employ
light and narrow lays, and by thus dispensing with the single heavy
lay heretofore used and substituting a series of light narrow lays, the
weight to be moved is greatly reduced which in connection with the
reduction of friction in the shuttle actuating mechanism renders it
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a plan of a portion of my improved loom for weaving
narrow fabrics, one only of the shuttles and the mechanism connected
therewith being shown; Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same;
Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line x, x, of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a
horizontal section on the line y, y, of Figure 2; Figure 5 is a vertical
section on the line z, z, of Figure 1; Figure 6 is a perspective view of
the shuttle inverted.
In the said Drawing A, A, represent two plates secured to a support C.
At the rear end of each plate is formed a T shaped rail D which serves
as a guide for the shuttle. E, which is moved backward and forward
thereon, the shuttle being provided with a rectangular opening a
extending entirely through it for the reception of the upper flat portion
of the rail, and a long slit 6 for the passage of the lower or vertical
portion thereof. This T shaped guide is particularly adapted for the
purpose to which it is applied as it occupies very little vertical space
within the shuttle, and at the same time holds it "steadily in its proper
position and prevents any liability of its tipping to one side.
On the top of the shuttle is formed a recess 8 for the reception of the
bobbin (not shown).
Between the plates A, A, is a space c for the passage of the lay or
batten G which is pivoted at its lower end at d to the bed H, and is
vibrated at the required times by a connecting rod e and leverf operated
by a cam wheel I on a short shaft 9 having its bearings in standards K.
The reeds (not shown) are intended to be placed within the space h at
the upper end of the lay, the warp threads extending over the space c

page_text: I will now describe the mechanism by which the shuttle with its
thread is thrown or moved upon the guide rails D, D, across the
space c and through the "shed." To the under side of each plate A are
secured two hangers i, i, which serve to support two plates k, k, that
form guides or ways for the slides or carriers l, m, which move thereon;
the edges of the plates & fitting into grooves upon opposite sides of the
carriers, as seen in Figures 2 and 5, by which means they are kept in
place.
The construction of these carriers and the parts connected therewith
and the mechanism by which they are operated being exactly alike, but
one will be described. L is a vertical shaft having its bearings at n, n,
and carrying at its upper end a bell-crank p which is slotted for the
passage of a screw or pin 9 projecting from the under side of the carrier,
and to the shaft L is secured another crank Q which is connected with a
lever 10 by a rod ?, the lever 10 being operated by a cam wheel M on
the shaft g, and thus as the cam wheel is revolved the carrier is
reciprocated on the plates k. From one end of the carrier rises a hollow
post 12 in which fits a pin s passed entirely through the carrier,
and provided at its lower end with a head 13, its upper end being
rounded off as seen in Figures 2 and 5. t is a spring, one end of which
is secured to the carrier, the opposite end being bent at right angles and
passing through slits 14 in the post 12 and a hole in the pin 8, and
extending out under the plate A which is provided with an incline 15
against which the projecting end of the springt strikes as the carrier is
brought up to the space c, and the pin & is thus depressed against the
resistance of the spring for a purpose presently to be explained.
The shuttle is provided on its under side with two recesses 16, 17, for
the reception of the upper ends of the pins 8, and the parts being in the
position seen in Figure 3 (with the pin 8 of the carrier m forced up by
the spring t into the recess 17 in the shuttle), the carrier is moved in the
direction of the arrow 18 toward the space c, taking with it the shuttle
until the pins is depressed and its end withdrawn therefrom by the end
of the spring t striking the incline 15. Just previous to this the other
carrier commences to move away from the incline 15 adjacent thereto,
when its pin 8 will be forced up into the recess 16 in the shuttle which

page_text: is at that time in a position to receive it, the pin of the carrier. m
having been withdrawn from the recess 17 before the pin 8 of the
carrier is forced up into the recess 16. The shuttle is then moved by
the carrier entirely across the space c and through the
" shed:" The
lay G is now moved forward to beat up the filling and then drawn back
out of the space c when the shuttle is moved in the opposite direction
by the carrier until its pin is withdrawn by the incline 15 when the
pin of the carrier m is forced up into the recess 17, and as this latter
carrier m continues its movement the shuttle is again drawn thereby
across the space c and through the "shed" to the position from which
it started. The lay is now thrown forward and back and the operation
continues as before, the shuttle being thus projected back and forth on
its ways by the carriers l, m, which alternately sieze and release it, as
above described; and by the employment of this mechanism which is
exceedingly simple and produces very little friction I am enabled to run
the loom at a very much greater speed than has heretofore been
practicable, and consequently produce a much larger amount of fabric
in a given time.
I do not limit myself to the use of the spring t and incline 15 for
operating the pins as other mechanism may be employed for this
purpose; for instance, a pin or projection on the pin s may extend into a
longitudinal groove of such form as to give the required movements to
the pin as the carrier is reciprocated, and the carriers may also be
operated by suitable mechanism other than that above described.
In practice twenty of the above described looms will be arranged side
by side in a single frame, the shaft g of each one being entirely
independent and being driven by a belt or otherwise from the main
driving shaft, and a suitable shipper or device being employed by which
each shaft g can be connected with or disconnected therefrom; by thiš
construction any one of the shuttles can be stopped on the breaking of a
thread or when a bobbin is run out without arresting the motion of the
other shuttles. Whereas in all looms for weaving narrow fabrics, as
heretofore constructed, the entire series of shuttles must be stopped
when a thread breaks. or a bobbin runs out, and much loss of time is the
result which is entirely avoided by making the mechanism connected
with each shuttle separate and independent, so that all of the shuttles
can be kept in motion except the particular one it is desirable to have
stationary.
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مام

page_text: By employing an independent relay for each shuttle I am enabled to
make it exceedingly light so that it can be moved at a high rate of speed;
whereas the single heavy lay heretofore employed extending along
the entire length of the loom can only be vibrated slowly on account
of its great weight, and it will be seen that the lay G only requires to be
of sufficient width to accommodate the reeds for the reason that the
shuttle runs upon stationary ways separate and independent of the lay
instead of upon guides thereon as formerly, and by this construction the
weight of the lay is still further reduced, it being of great importance to
have the moving parts as light as possible in order to facilitate the
running of the loom at a high rate of speed.
Any suitable stop mechanism may be employed in connection with
each shuttle which will cause the shaft g to be disconnected from the
main shaft on the breakage of a thread, all of the other shuttles of the
loom being kept in motion, resulting in a great saving of time and an
increased production of the fabric being woven.
.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim, in a loom for weaving narrow
fabrics a series of shuttles each one of which is operated by separate and
independent mechanism which can be connected with or disconnected
from the power, whereby any particular shuttle can be stopped without
interrupting the motion, of the other shuttles, substantially as and for
the purpose described.

page_text: I also claim the shuttle E with its recess 8 for the bobbin and
recesses 16, 17, for the carrier pins & constructed and operating,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
JAMES EDWARDS,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)