IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF GUTTA PERCHA AND OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF BEING MOULDED IN A SIMILAR MANNER WHEN IN A PLASTIC STATE, AND ALSO IN COATING WIRE AND OTHER CORES WITH SUCH SUBSTANCES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Chatterton, of Devonshire Street, Islington,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF GUTTA PERCHA AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
CAPABLE OF BEING MOULDED IN A SIMILAR MANNER WHEN IN A PLASTIC STATE,
AND ALSO IN COATING WIRE AND OTHER CORES WITH SUCH SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 20th January 1860, and dated the 31st August 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Chatterton at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st
August 1859.
I, JOHN CHATTERTON, of Devonshire Street, Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF GUTTA PERCHA AND OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE
OF BEING MOULDED IN A SIMILAR MANNER WHEN IN A PLASTIC STATE, AND ALSO IN
COATING WIRE AND OTHER CORES WITH SUCH SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of tubes
of gutta percha and other substances capable of being moulded in a similar
manner when in a plastic state, and also in coating wire and other cores with
such substances. When making tubes of gutta percha by expressing the
same through dies or moulding orifices, it is usual to pass the tube as it is
produced into water to harden the same, and to prevent it collapsing, in con-
sequence of the external pressure, the water is allowed to enter the tube.
Now, according to my Invention, in place of depending on the water con-

page_text: tained in the trough, into which a tube passes as it is forced through the die
filling the tube as heretofore, the apparatus is arranged to introduce water or
liquid into the interior of the tube through the core or mandril upon which
the tube is formed, the pressure of the water being regulated to give to the
tube the necessary internal support, and when it is desired to introduce a liquid
or semi-liquid matter between the interior of a tube of gutta percha, or of
other similar materials, and a wire or wires, or core therein, such liquid or
semi-liquid is introduced through the core or mandril at the die into the
interior of the tube around the core as the tube is made, the liquid or semi-
liquid being introduced at such pressure as may be desired.
In moulding tubes of india-rubber and compounds thereof, rollers are some-
times employed in place of ordinary dies, and then according to this Invention
water or liquid is introduced into the tube as it is made, by a nozzle or hollow
mandril entering between the rollers.
The Invention also consists in lowering the temperature of the water or
liquid employed to harden tubes of gutta percha or other substances, capable
of being moulded in a similar manner when in a plastic state by means of ice
or by the use of freezing or cooling mixtures; and this part of the Invention
is also applicable when coating wire or other cores with such substances.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Chatterton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th February 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN CHAT-
TERTON, of Devonshire Street, Islington, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Chatterton, Her special licence that I, the said John Chat-
terton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Chatterton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE

page_text: MANUFACTURE OF TUBES OF GUTTA PERCHA AND OTHER SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF
BEING MOULDED IN A SIMILAR MANNER WHEN IN A PLASTIC STATE, AND ALSO IN
COATING WIRE AND OTHER CORES WITH SUCH SUBSTANCES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Chatterton, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Chatterton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of tubes
of gutta percha and other substances capable of being moulded in a similar
manner when in a plastic state, and also in coating wire and other cores with
such substances. When making tubes of gutta percha by expressing the
same through dies or moulding orifices, it is usual to pass the tube as it is
produced into water to harden the same, and to prevent it collapsing, in conse-
quence of the external pressure, the water is allowed to enter the tube.
Now according to my Invention, in place of depending on the water contained
in the trough, into which a tube passes as it is forced through the die filling the
tube as heretofore, the apparatus is arranged to introduce water or liquid into
the interior of the tube through the core or mandril upon which the tube is
formed, the pressure of the water being regulated to give to the tube the
necessary internal support, and when it is desired to introduce a liquid or semi-
liquid matter between the interior of a tube of gutta percha or of other similar
materials and a wire or wires or core therein, such liquid or semi-liquid is
introduced through the core or mandril at the die into the interior of the tube
around the core as the tube is made, the liquid or semi-liquid being intro-
duced at such pressure as may be desired.
In moulding tubes of india-rubber and compounds thereof, rollers are
sometimes employed in place of ordinary dies, and then according to this
Invention water or liquid is introduced into the tube as it is made by a
nozzle or hollow mandril entering between the rollers.
The Invention also consists in lowering the temperature of the water or
liquid employed to harden tubes of gutta percha or other substances capable
of being moulded in a similar manner when in a plastic state by means of ico
or by the use of freezing or cooling mixtures, and this part of the.

page_text: substances.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe
more fully the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a die or moulding orifice of an
expressing machine and apparatus connected therewith arranged for forming
a tubo of gutta percha or other substance capable of being moulded in a
similar manner when in a plastic state, and for introducing a wire or wires
or core into the tube through the core or mandril upon which the tube is
formed, and also for introducing at the same time an insulating liquid or
semi-liquid, such as Stockholm tar between the wire or wires or core and tho
interior of the tube. The core or mandril a of the die is formed with a
passage through it, which is connected by the tube b6 to one end of a chamber c;
at the other end of this chamber there is a small opening through which the
wire or wires or core to be introduced into the tube passes, and is drawn
forward through this hole as the tube is made by the ordinary drawing-off
apparatus; the chamber c is supplied with fluid through the pipe d; this pipe
is kept constantly filled with fluid, and is carried upwards to a height of about
from 6 ft. to 8 ft., so as to cause the fluid to run readily into the tube as it is
formed, and fill the space between the wire or wires or core and the tube; the
fluid to be supplied to the tube I prefer to keep at a temperature of about 80°
Fahrenheit, so that it may run freely into the tube. The tube as it issues
from the moulding orifice is cooled externally by preference by passing it
into a trough of water, as has heretofore been the case when forming tubes of
gutta percha.
When making tubes of gutta percha according to this Invention, the same
apparatus may be employed for introducing water into the tube through the
core or mandril, but in place of the pipe d being carried up to a height of
from 6 to 8 feet, a lesser height will be sufficient to give the necessary support
to the interior of the tube. The exterior of the tube is cooled by water as
heretofore. In some cases it may be found necessary slightly to warm the
water supplied to the interior of the tube in order that it may not cool the
gutta percha or other material around the mandril before it passes through
the die.
In moulding tubes, rollers are sometimes employed in place of ordinary
dies, each roller having a semicircular groove formed around it; each of these
grooves is supplied with gutta percha, india-rubber, or other similar material,

page_text: and the materials are moulded into a tube at the point where the rollers come
together; when moulding tubes by rollers in this manner water may be intro-
duced into the tube as it is formed through a nozzle or hollow mandril, entering
between the rollers so as to cool and at the same time give the necessary
support to the interior of the tubes. A wire or wires or core and insulating
fluid may also be introduced into the tube in a similar manner to that above
described. When employing ice for lowering the temperature of water or
liquid employed for hardening tubes of gutta percha or other similar substance,
or for hardening the covering of wire or other cores coated with such
substances, the bath of water or liquid into which the tube is received may be
supplied with water from a tank having ice floating in it, or the water or liquid
with which the bath is supplied may be cooled by being passed through pipes
surrounded by a freezing or cooling mixture, or the water or liquid may be
otherwise cooled by ice or by freezing or cooling mixtures. The water or
liquid supplied to the interior of a tube may also when desired be cooled in
a similar manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Chatterton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
JOHN CHATTERTON. (L.S.)