Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 27th..Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 18th Jan., 1887:
Complete Accepted, 4th Mar., 1887.
I HEINRICH WEINREICH, of Schwelm, Westphalia, in the Kingdom of Prussia,
Brush Manufacturer, do hereby the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved construction of ground-brushes. In iron ring
brushes of ordinary construction the bristles are placed in a ring and fastened therewith
by a handle driven into the bristles; and it frequently occurs, that the handle of the
brush becomes loose, or that the ring slides off, either because the brush, after having.
been used, has been kept dry too long, because the bristles rise, or from other cause.
These inconveniences are avoided by my improved ground-brush, which, for that
purpose, is provided with a cap to hold together the ring and handle so that a loosening.
thereof is impossible.
Further, the handle of the brush is secured against untying by one or several nails
which are sunk into conically shaped holes and driven into the ring.
The cap surrounding the ring prevents the nails falling out.
In the construction of brushes hitherto in use, especially when the brushes are
manufactured without any metallic encasing (ring or cap), the bristles are wrapped
round with pack-thread; brushes having bristles of 12 centimeters of length lose, on
an average, by this manner of fastening 34 to 4 centimeters of length, whilst in the
improved construction with an iron ring and a cap, brushes of 12 to 15 centimeters of
length are deprived of only 1 centimeter. In taking into consideration that in the
construction with an iron ring only 8.3 % to 6.6 %% of the length of the bristles is
lost by fastening, and in the construction with pack thread 29.16% to 33 %, the
employer of brushes which are provided with iron rings has already a profit in
As the value
purchasing this tool by the-longer- use which he can make of it.
of a brush increases and it becomes more precious to the Painter when somewhat worn
the advantage of the improved construction is the more important.
The inconveniences of the constructions hitherto in use are the following:-
In the former construction the small ring very often burst, whilst in the improved
construction a reinforcement or strengthening is produced by the cap and the iron ring
is thus prevented from bursting. Even in case the ring should burst, the
hold the bristles together so that the brush may still be used.
:―
cap will
=
i

page_text: When ring brushes of the ordinary construction are used and come in contact with
oil-colours, the linseed-oil, turpentine, oil and other painting colours and especially
varnishes etc. penetrate through the bristles into the handle. The bristles absorbing
the oil etc. lead it to the handle ordinarily made of soft long fibrous wood which
hitherto has been employed almost exclusively in the manufacture of brushes provided
with caps and even of the so-called "Beisbarth-brushes." The handle is thus imbibed
throughout with colour and it is always very disagreeable to the painter to work with
a handle in such a condition. The protecting cap employed in the improved construction
of ground-brushes has at the same time for its purpose to prevent the liquid from
penetrating through the bristles to the handle and rising to the top of it. For that
purpose the cap encloses tightly the ring and the bristles and the neck of the cap
surrounds the handle so tightly that no liquid can penetrate. This construction may
successfully be employed; it answers perfectly the purpose, as hard wood is used here
which allows of no absorption.
The constructions in which the aforesaid inconveniences are avoided are shown in
their essential points in the accompanying drawing, upon which :-
Figures 1 and 2 represent ring brushes provided with caps.
Figure 3 is a section on line A B of Fig. 2 and
Figure 4 is a brush provided with a cap but without the ring.
&
In all the constructions the bristles are placed in the ring a (Figs. 1 and 2) or in the
cap (Fig. 4) and the handle is then driven into the same. To prevent the handle
from loosening, which, as aforesaid, occurs very often in the constructions hitherto in
use, the handle is connected with the ring (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) by means of one or more
sunk nails d (three for instance); the cap represented in Fig. 4 is fastened in the same
way. The cape driven over the iron-ring (Figs. 1 and 2) strengthens the ring not
only against bursting but it prevents also by its upper shoulder, in the first place the
separation of the bristles and the penetration and entrance of the colour into the handle,
and finally the loosening of the conically shaped nails; the construction shown in
Fig. 4 offers the same advantage. The cap e, as shewn in the Figs. 1 and 2, after
having been driven over the ring, has its under edge bent round the iron-ring either
in the way represented in Fig. 1 or in that shewn in Fig. 2. The cap e is driven so
fast, that not only it encloses the ring in a tight manner but also closely embraces the
somewhat conically shaped handle of the brush.
In these constructions handles may be employed which are thinner than the ring and
particularly fit for brushes of larger dimensions on account of the intermediate space =
between the bristles in the middle of the brush, which space may be considered. as a
reservoir for the painting material. The ground-brushes of this improved construction
are particularly suitable for painting facades of buildings, planks of ships and other
large surfaces.
1

page_text: I HEINRICH WEINREICH of Schwelm, Westphalia in the Kingdom of Prussia, Brush
manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved construction of ground brushes.
In iron ring
brushes of ordinary construction the bristles are placed in a ring and fastened there-
with by a handle driven into the bristles and it frequently happens that the handle of
the brush gets loose or that the ring slides off either because the brush after having
been used, has been kept dry too long; because the bristles rise, or from some other
These inconveniences are avoided by my improved ground brush which to that
effect is provided with a cap to hold together the ring and handle so that a loosening
thereof is impossible.
cause.
The handle of the brush is also secured against getting loose by one or more nails
which are sunk into conically shaped holes and driven into the ring.
The cap surrounding the ring prevents the nails falling out.
In the construction of brushes hitherto in use, especially when they are made without
a metallic casing (ferrule & cap) the bristles are wrapped round with pack thread. In
this case brushes having bristles of 12 centimeters of length loose on an average by that
manner of fastening 344 centimeters of length, whereas by the improved construc-
tion with an iron ring and cap, brushes of 12 to 15 centimeters of length are deprived
of only 1 centimeter. Considering that in the construction with an iron ring only
6% to 8% of the length of the bristles is lost by fastening and in the construction
with packing thread 29 to 334 % are lost, the employer of brushes with an iron ring
has already a profit in purchasing this tool by the longer use which he can make of it.
But as the value of a brush increases and it becomes more precious to the painter after
it has been somewhat used the advantage of the improved construction is the more
important.
The inconveniences of the constructions hitherto in use are the following:
In the former constructions the small ring very often burst.
When ring brushes of the ordinary construction are used and come in contact with
oil colours the linseed oil, turpentine oil, but especially varnishes penetrate through
the bristles into the handle. The bristles absorbing the oil and leading it to the handle
which is generally made of long fibrous, soft wood; the handle gets imbibed throughout
with colour and it is always very disagreeable to the painter to work with a brush in
such a condition.
In the improved construction the ring is reinforced or strengthened by the cap and
it is prevented from bursting. Even in case the ring should burst, the cap will hold
the bristles together so that the brush may still be used.
The protecting cap employed in the improved construction of ground brushes has at
the same time for its purpose to prevent the liquid from penetrating through the bristles

page_text: to the handle and rising to the end of it. For that purpose the cap encloses tightly
the ring and the bristles and the socket in the cap surrounds the handle so tightly that
no liquid can penetrate through it.
This construction may successfully be employed; it answers perfectly the purpose, as
hard wood may be used for the handle which allows of no absorption of any liquid.
The construction of ground brushes in which the inconveniences named are avoided,
are shown in the accompanying drawings in which:
Figs. 1, 2 & 3 are ring brushes with caps.
Fig. 4 is a brush of my new construction with a cap but without a ring.
Figs. 5, 6 & 7 are three sections at right angles to each other of an oval brush with
my new cap.
In thes brushes the bristles are placed either in the ring a (figs. 1, 2 & 3) or in the
cap (figs. 4, 5, 6 & 7) and the handle is driven into the same. In order to prevent it
from losening, which as aforesaid, occurs very often in the old manner of making
brushes, the handle is connected to the ring (figs. 1, 2 & 3) by means of one or more
nails d. The cap of the brushes figs. 4-7 is held fast in the same way.
The cape driven over the iron ring (figs. 1-3) not only strengthens the same
against bursting, but it prevents also by its upper shoulder the separation and rising
of the bristles and the penetration and entrance of the oil or colour into the handle and
also the losening of the nails of figs. 1, 2 & 3. The cape of the brushes figs. 4-7
offers the same advantages. The cap of the ring brush figs. 1, 2 & 3 after being driven
fast over the ring has its lower edge bent round the edge of the ring as shown by
figs. 1 & 2.
The caps are driven so fast over the handle with their socket g that the upper edge
of the latter is impressed in the wood leaving a deep groove in the handle.
The ground brushes of this improved construction are particularly suited for painting
façades of buildings, planks of ships and other large surfaces.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:
1.) In ground brushes the combination with the ordinary ring for fastening the
bristles and the handle with a dish shaped cap having a central flanged hole or socket
and which is driven over the ring and the bristles, holding the handle firmly in the
centre, strengthening the ring and preventing the bristles from rising by the use of
the brush and preventing also the oil, varnish etc. to penetrate through the bristles
into the handle and to secure the nails driven through the ring, bristles and handle
against getting loose.
2.) In ground brushes the use of the dish-shaped cap, having a central flanged hole
or socket, alone without the ordinary ring for holding together the bristles and the
handle and to prevent the bristles from rising by the use of the brush and to prevent
the oil, varnish, etc. to penetrate through the bristles into the handle; the whole as
shown and described and for the purpose stated above.
KARL T. MAYEK,
Ingenieur,
Agent for Mr. H. Weinreich.