Improvements in or relating to Machines for Breaking or Bending Tyres, Rails, and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 27th Apr., 1900-Accepted, 30th June, 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Breaking or Bending
Tyres, Rails, and the like.
We, GEORGE SMITH MARPLE and RICHARD GILLOTT, both of Bridge Street,
Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineers, Iron & Steel Merchants, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machines for breaking or bending tyres, rails and the
like, its object being the provision of means whereby such operations may be
carried out with great facility. The improved machines are of the kind in which
a ram or equivalent is forced against the object to be bent or broken such
object being supported, generally at two. points equidistant from the spot at
which the pressure is applied, as for example in the ordinary tool known as a
jim-crow."
**
93
"One machine according to this invention comprises hooked arms similar to those
in the ordinary "jim-crow bolted upon a bed-plate which carries in suitable
bearings a shaft having a gear wheel mounted upon it. Rigidly attached to the
wheel is a screwed ram working in a fixed nut upon the bed-plate. A second
shaft also carried in bearings upon the bed-plate carries a pinion which gears
with a wheel so that rotation of the second shaft will cause the screwed ram to
travel backwards or forwards in relation to the hooked arms and thus operate
upon the tyre or rail supported by them.
The rotation of the pinion shaft is preferably brought about by means of a
capstan fly-wheel mounted upon the end thereof outside the bed-plate, and the
pinion is made long to permit of the necessary travel of the gear wheel.
In another construction of machine according to this invention instead of sup-
porting the tyre or other object by means of hooked arms, pegs are used which
are placed in holes made for their reception in the bed-plate. The rams, of
which there are two in this particular machine, are carried in sliding heads which
are operated simultaneously by right and left-handed screws upon a common
shaft. This shaft may conveniently have a worm wheel mounted upon it between
the two screw threads and may be operated. by a worm carried upon a shaft sup-
ported in bearings under the bed-plate, power being supplied to the latter shaft
from a capstan fly-wheel or by means of a head provided with holes for the
reception of a "tommy-bar."
In other machines according to this invention hydraulic rams are substituted
for the screwed rams above mentioned. One convenient form comprises a small
ram worked by means of a triple threaded screw in a vertical cylinder containing
water said cylinder communicating through a port with a larger horizontal
cylinder in which the hydraulic ram proper works. The hydraulic ram operates
upon the tyre or rail which is supported in a similar way to that already described
with reference to the other machines. A hand lever is pivotted to part of the
framing, its shorter end engaging with the hydraulic ram so that when the pres-
sure is taken off by means of the screw the ram may be replaced by means of
the lever.

page_text: Duplex hydraulic pumps or presses are sometimes used in machines according
to this invention, the two cylinders being preferably placed in line with each
other and forming part of a tank in which the two pumps are contained. The
pumps are operated by an eccentric, which works in a "dog-link" or slotted
piece connecting the two piston rods. The shaft carrying the eccentric is driven,
say through wheel and pinion gearing, by hand power. A machine according to
this invention may be conveniently constructed in a portable form by mounting
two hydraulic presses with their water tank etc. upon a bed-plate furnished with
hooks or pegs for supporting the tyre or rail and placing the bed-plate upon a
framework or trolley provided with wheels adapted to run say upon an ordinary
railway track. The presses are worked from a pump which with its long operat-
ing lever is conveniently mounted upon the side of the trolley.
It is to be understood that various modifications may be made in the construc-
tion of the machines above described without departing from the spirit of this
invention for instance, bevel gearing may be used instead of worm gearing, or
again instead of power being applied by hand the machines may be operated
either directly or through suitable gearing from a steam engine or other source of
power.
Dated this 23rd day of August 1899.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants,
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Breaking or Bending
Tyres, Rails, and the like.
We, GEORGE SMITH MARPLE and RICHARD GILLOTT, Engineers, and Iron and
Steel Merchants, both of Bridge Street Sheffield, County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to he particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to machines for breaking or bending tyres, rails and the
like, its object being the provision of means whereby such operations may be
carried out with great facility. The improved machines are of the kind in which
a ram or equivalent is forced against the object to be bent or broken such
object being supported, generally at two points equidistant from the spot at
which the pressure is applied, as for example in the ordinary tool known as a
jim-crow."
"
One machine according to this invention comprises hooked arms similar to those
in the ordinary "jim-crow" bolted upon a bed-plate which carries in suitable
bearings a shait having a gear wheel mounted upon it. Rigidly attached to the
wheel is a screwed ram working in a fixed nut upon the bed plate. A second
shaft also carried in bearings upon the bed-plate carries a pinion which gears
with a wheel so that rotation of the second shaft will cause the screwed ram to
travel backwards or forwards in relation to the hooked arms and thus operate
upon the tyre or rail supported by them.
The rotation of the pinion shaft is preferably brought about by means of a
capstan fly-wheel mounted upon the end thereof outside the bed-plate, and the
pinion is made long to permit of the necessary travel of the gear wheel.
In another construction of machine according to this invention instead of sup-
porting the tyre or other object by means of hooked arms, pegs are used which
are placed in holes made for their reception in the bed-plate. The rams of
which there are two in this particular machine are carried in sliding heads which

page_text: are operated simultaneously by right and left-handed screws upon a common
shaft. This shaft may conveniently have a worm wheel mounted upon it between
the two screw threads and may be operated by a worm carried upon a shaft sup-
ported in bearings under the bed-plate, power being supplied to the latter shaft
from a capstan fly-wheel or by means of a head provided with holes for the
reception of a tommy-bar."
In other machines according to this invention hydraulic rams are substituted
for the screwed rams above mentioned. One convenient form comprises a small
ram worked by means of a triple threaded screw in a vertical cylinder containing
water. said cylinder communicating through a port with a larger horizontal
cylinder in which the hydraulic ram proper works. The hydraulic ram operates
upon the tyre or rail which is supported in a similar way to that already described
with reference to the other machines. A hand lever is pivotted to part of the
framing, its shorter end engaging with the hydraulic ram so that when the pres-
sure is taken off by means of the screw the ram may be replaced by means of
the lever.
Duplex hydraulic pumps or presses are sometimes used in machines according
to this invention, the two cylinders being preferably placed in line with each
other and forming part of a tank in which the two pumps are contained.
The
pumps are operated by an eccentric which works in a dog-link" or slotted
piece connecting the two piston rods. The shaft carrying the eccentric is driven,
say through wheel and pinion gearing, by hand power. A machine according to
this invention may be conveniently constructed in a portable form by mounting
two hydraulic presses with their water tank etc. upon a bed-plate furnished with
hooks or pegs for supporting the tyre or rail and placing the bed-plate upon a
framework or trolley provided with wheels adapted to run say upon an ordinary
railway track. The presses are worked from a pump which with its long operat-
ing lever is conveniently mounted upon the side of the trolley.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate various forms of machines
all according to this invention,
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one construction;
Figures 2 and 3 are respectively a sectional elevation and a plan of another
construction having a double headed ram operated by a worm wheel and right
and left headed screws;
Figure 4 is a plan of another construction;
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation of another form in which a screw and a hydraulic
ram are employed:
Figure 6 is a plan partly in section of a machine having two hydraulic rams
operated by an eccentric;
Figure 7 is an elevation partly in section showing a portable machine according
to this invention.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
With reference first to Figure 1.
Upon a bed A we secure a "jim-crow" or hooks B within which is placed a
tyre C to be broken.
1
Underneath the bed A we construct bearings D D and D2 carrying a spindle E
at one end of which is fixed a capstan fly wheel F whilst between the bearings D
and D mounted on the spindle E is a long pinion G. This pinion G gears with
a wheel H to which is secured centrally on the one side a spindle K and on the
other side a screwed ram K³. The spindle K is carried in a bearing K' and the
ram K3 works in a fixed nut or threaded block K2.
The tyre C being placed in position on the jim-crow B suitably wedged on the
one side as at C₁ and supported say by timber as at C is broken by turning
a capstan wheel or handle F secured to the spindle E, the rotation of that spindle
causing through the action of the pinion G and wheel H-the ram K³ to advance
and press against the inner face of the tyre. The ram K³ is withdrawn by revers-
ing the motion of the wheel F.

page_text: In the construction illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 instead of using hooked
arms or jim-crows pegs B are employed which fit into suitably arranged holes
in the bed A in Figure 3 the pegs B₁ in use are shown in section. The tyre C
is placed within the pegs B and is broken in two places simultaneously by the
action of right and left handed screwed rams K³ which force outwards heads K+
sliding in guides K and carrying steel points K. The screws K³ are operated
by a worm G and worm wheel H¹.
In the form shown in plan in Figure 4 the tyre C is also broken in two places
simultaneously the right and left handed screwed rams K³ working in this
construction in threaded central portions B of jim-crows B which are secured to
the bed A.
Figure 5 is a part sectional elevation of another construction of machine
according to this invention in which hydraulic power is employed. Two
cylinders AA are provided preferably at right angles to one another and mounted
upon the bed A. A gland A3 is secured to the top of the cylinder A and is
threaded to receive, a screw K³ which can be rotated by means of the head F and
carries at its bottom end a hydraulic ram K.
The cylinder A' is connected to the cylinder A2 by a port A+ and a ram K8
works in the cylinder A2 and operates to break the tyre C which is held by a
jim-crow B. In order that the breaking ram Ks may be readily returned after
it has broken the tyre a slot K is provided in its upper portion and the lower
end of a lever L engages with this slot, the fulcrum of the lever being situated
as at L¹ near the lower end.
It will of course be understood that the cylinders A¹ and A2 are intended to
contain water, the pressure which causes the breaking ram K8 to move forward
being caused by the downward motion of the screw K³ which screw, has to be raised
before the ram Ks is returned by means of the lever L.
Figure 6 illustrates a construction in which duplex hydraulic presses M are
employed. The presses M are in line with one another and preferably form
part of a tank M. The plungers M2 of the presses are operated by an eccentric H³
carried upon a spindle H3 which is driven by means of a gear wheel H. The
action of the presses M forces the breaking rams E8 with their steel points K
outwards and thus causes them to fracture the tyre C in two places.
The wheel H may be driven from the capstan wheel F and shaft E by a pinion,
the arrangement being similar to that shown in Figure 1.
In Figure 7 a portable construction of tyre breaker is shown. In this con-
struction the bed A is carried by a framing A³ on wheels A6 suited, say, for
travelling upon ordinary railway lines. Upon the bed A, are two hydraulic
presses M³ having breaking rams Ks which act upon the tyre C through distances
pieces K. Water is supplied to the presses M3 by means of a pump M* con-
veniently fixed to the framing A underneath the bed A, this pump being operated
by a long hand lever L2 fulcrummed upon the frames as at L3 and joined to the
pump plunger by a slot L' and pin L. After the tyre has been broken the
pressure of water may be relieved in the usual way as by the lever M and the
breaking rams K8 returned ready for a fresh operation.
It is to be understood that various modifications may be made in the construc-
tion of the machines above described without departing from the spirit of this
invention; for instance bevel gearing may be used instead of worm gearing, or
again instead of power being applied by hand the machines may be operated
either directly or through suitable gearing from a steam engine or other source of
power.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:---
1. A machine for breaking or bending tyres, rails and the like having single
or double iim-crows or nees working in coniunction with screws substantially as

page_text: described and illustrated in Figure 1 or Figures 2 and 3 or Figure 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
2. A machine for breaking or bending tyres, rails and the like having two
heads K working in guides K and operated by right and left handed screws
substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. A machine for breaking or bending tyres, rails and the like having duplex
hydraulic presses operated by an eccentric or cam H and acting upon plungers M³
and rams K8 substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 6 of the
accompanying drawings.
4. A machine for breaking or bending tyres, rails and the like having duplex
hydraulic presses M contained in a tank A substantially as described and illus-
trated in Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings.
5. A machine for breaking or hending tyres, rails and the like having a
pump M worked by a hand lever the pump operating two hydraulic rams K8
substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
6. A portable machine for breaking or bending tyres, rails and the like com-
prising a machine substantially as described mounted upon a wheeled support or
carriage.
7. The complete machine for breaking, or bending tyres, rails and the
like substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 1 or Figures 2 and 3
or Figure 4 or Figure 5 or Figure 6 or Figure 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this day of Anril 26th 1900′
GEORGE SMITH MARPLE.
RICHARD GILLOTT.
Boult, Wade & Kilburn,
Agents for the Applicants.