MENTS IN VENTILATORS AND CHIMNEY COWLS
Year: 1885

page_text: We GEORGE JOHN MESSENGER and SILAS THOMAS MESSENGER trading as
Messenger Brothers of 126 High Street, Hounslow in the county of Middlesex,
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VENTILATORS AND CHIMNEY COWLS to be as follows:-
The object of our invention is to produce a ventilator or chimney cowl that is
made to revolve by the action of the updraught induced in the passage or chimney
by the fire below and that does not need as is the case in ordinary revolving cowls
an external wind to cause this revolution. This our ventilator or chimney cowl is'
also so fitted that the movable or revolving part thereof shall not be liable to stick
or become fixed in one position as is so objectionably frequent at the present.
To carry out this object we fit on the top of the pipe or tube that terminates the
passage or chimney our cowl formed somewhat of the usual shape and made as' is
herein described. The top thereof is raised and made of a dome or other convenient
shape and on the outer side of this dome are formed any suitable vanes in the'
usual manner but the flanges or vanes or strips of material that form and constitute
the sides of the cylindrical part of the cowl are not set tangentially to the circum-
ference of this cylindrical part in a vertical or perpendicular plane as is usual but
are so tangentially set in an inclined plane at a suitable angle to the said vertical'
or perpendicular plane and these flanges or vanes or strips may project slightly
inwards if we should so desire. Thus as soon as the fire below is lighted the
updraught induced thereby in passing out through this cowl strikes against the
inclined vanes or flanges or strips thereof and causes the same to revolve as is'
required. The top of the pipe or tube aforesaid is quite open to allow of the:
passage of the brush into the cowl when required for purposes of cleaning or
sweeping or otherwise.
We support this and all other revolving cowls in position in the following manner.
On a bracket raised above the top of the pipe or tube and supported thereby is'
formed a socket in the bottom of which is a steel or other bearing block. Another
similar socket is made in the dome or other top of the cowl also with a bearing
block. A steel or other spindle preferably pointed at both ends is made to fit these
sockets and the cowl is supported by this spindle in the proper position. As this
cowl is borne and pivotted on the two bearings at the 'two ends of the spindle the
said cowl is not liable to stick or become fixed in one position!
1
H

page_text: We GEORGE JOHN MESSENGER and SILAS THOMAS MESSENGER trading as
Messenger Brothers of 126 High Street Hounslow in the county of Middlesex
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VENTILATORS AND CHIMNEY COWLS and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of our invention is to produce a ventilator or chimney cowl that is
made to revolve by the action of the updraught induced in the passage or chimney
by the heat or fire below and that therefore does not of necessity require as is the
case in ordinary revolving cowls an external wind to cause this revolution. This
our ventilator or chimney cowl also is so fitted that the movable or revolving part
thereof shall not be liable to stick or become fixed in one position as is so
objectionably frequent at the present in the case of the usual revolving cowls.
In order clearly to explain our invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed we refer to the accompanying drawing in which we have shewn an
extremely simple and plain form of this our improved ventilator or chimney cowl.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the ventilator or chimney cowl. Figure 2 is an
horizontal section of the same taken at a. b. in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a vertical
section of the same on an enlarged scale.
A pipe or tube A is made to fit and form the termination of the passage or
chimney and on the top of this pipe or tube A is arranged this our cowl formed
somewhat of the usual or other convenient shape and made constructed and fitted
as is hereinafter described. The closed top B of the said cowl is raised and made
of a dome or other convenient shape and on the outer side of this closed domed
top B may be formed if required any suitable vanes or ribs or flanges in the usual
or other convenient manner as may be desired. The sides of the cylindrical part
of the cowl are formed and constituted in the usual manner by the flanges vanes or
strips of material C set tangentially to the circumference of the said cylindrical
part whereby and between which there is allowed a clear outward passage for the
updraught induced in the passage or chimney. In revolving cowls as ordinarily
made these flanges vanes or strips C are so set as aforesaid in the sides of the
cylindrical part of the cowl in a vertical or perpendicular plane and therefore an
external wind is of necessity required to cause these cowls to revolve. Now to
carry out our aforesaid object we set these flanges vanes or strips C as aforesaid
tangentially to the circumference of the cylindrical part of the cowl but in an
inclined plane and at a suitable angle to the aforesaid vertical or perpendicular
plane as shewn in the drawing so that the updraught induced in the passage or
chimney by the heat or fire below in its passage up to and out through this our
cowl meets and impinges against the inclined flanges vanes or strips C and thus
causes the said cowl to revolve independently of any external wind as is required
to assist, which action also we preferably cause the inner lateral edges of the said
flanges vanes or strips C to project slightly inwards towards the centre of the cowl
as shewn in the drawing and thus meet the said induced updraught and ensure
that the required effect as aforesaid will be produced. We may set these flanges

page_text: vanes or strips C inclined at any angle to the vertical or perpendicular plane as
aforesaid that we may deem expedient but for ordinary purposes we consider that
an angle of from 20° to 30° to the said vertical or perpendicular plane is very
Buitable and convenient and effective.
manner.
We support this our cowl and all other revolving cowls in position in the following
A bracket D secured to the sides of the pipe or tube A is raised above
the top thereof and supported by the said bracket D is a central socket E in the
bottom of which is a steel or other bearing block F. Another similar central
socket G is made in the dome or other top B of the cowl in the top of which is
also a steel or other bearing block H. A steel or other spindle K preferably pointed
at both ends fits into these two sockets E and G and the cowl is supported in the
proper position by this spindle K. As the cowl is borne by and pivotted on the
two bearings at the two ends of the spindle the said cowl is not liable to stick or
become fixed in one position to ensure which advantage also the lower socket may be
filled with or contain oil or other lubricant. The bracket D is preferably raised to such
a height in the cowl that the whole of the thereby supported socket E is contained
in the dome or other top B of the cowl above the level of the top of the flanges
vanes or strips C as shewn in the drawing and thus the top of the pipe or tube A
is quite open and a brush or other appliance can be passed up into the cowl when
required for purposes of cleaning or sweeping or otherwise.
We have shewn in the accompanying drawing as aforesaid a simple and perfectly
plain form of this our improved ventilator or chimney cowl but it is sufficiently
obvious at the same time that we do in no wise limit ourselves to this form or to
the shape of the said cowl or of the several parts thereof or to the methods and
details of constructing and fitting the same for each ventilator or chimney cowl can
be made of such a form and shape and so ornamented or otherwise treated and the
several parts of the said ventilator or chimney cowl can be constructed and fitted
in such a manner as may be convenient or desirable or suitable in each particular
case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. In a revolving ventilator or chimney cowl the tangential flanges vanes or
strips of material set in a plane inclined at an angle to the vertical or perpendicular
plane substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and declared.
2. The method or manner of pivotting revolving ventilators or chimney cowls on
two bearings at the two ends of the supporting spindle substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described and declared.
3. In revolving ventilators or chimney cowls the combination of the bracket D
the sockets E and G and the spindle K substantially as hereinbefore described and
set forth.
4. In revolving ventilators or chimney cowls the combination of the inclined
tangential flanges vanes or strips C the bracket D the sockets E and G and the
spindle K the whole combined and operating substantially as hereinbefore described
and set forth.
5. The revolving ventilator or chimney cowl substantially as herein before
described and shewn in the accompanying drawing.