IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COAL SHALE OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES
Year: 1884

page_text: We GEORGE FREDERICK WYNNE of Minera in the County of Denbigh, Secretary
to the Minera Mining Company Limited and JOHN SIBLEY BORLASE of the samo
place, Manager of the Halvans Dressing Company Limited do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR CUTTING COAL SHALE OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES to be as follows, that is
to say :-
This invention relates to improvements in the Construction of Coal Cutting
Machines whereby the Compressed Air or other fluid used in working the Engine
to drive same is exhausted into the Horizontal Tube carrying the Cutters & comes
out through holes drilled radially in the before mentioned Tube opposite the
Cutting Edges of the Cutters blowing away the Cal or Shale as it is cut and
thus keeping the Cutting edges perfectly clear and cool.-In carrying out our said
invention we employ a strong carriage running on wheels, and revolving in Bearings
fixed to the underside of this carriage is an Iron or Steel Tube of Round or any
other Convenient Section projecting on one side some feet under the Cal.-Upon
this Tube are fixed Cutters which are preferably long Strips of Steel either Serrated
or plain and fixed firmly upon long fints formed on the Tube and projecting a little
beyond the end of the Tube and also beyond the Circumference of same.
The Cutters may be made up of a number of small circular saws placed obliquely
so that their circumferences shall overlap one another or they may be vertical, or
the Cutters consist of a number of points fixed to the periphery of the Cutting Bar
and the shaft have a longitudinal as well as a rotary motion, or the circular Cutters
may be made concave and a number of them be placed on the Shaft concentrically
or they may consist of a number of chisels fixed stepwise to a strong frame and
projecting under the coal so that if a slotting motion be given to the Shaft they
will cut or rusp off the Coal, Shale or other substance against which they are
pressed, the Compressed Air however being in every case used to keep the Cutter
clear and cool as before described.
Opposite the cutting edges of these Cutters are drilled a number of small holes
in the tube radially.-The other end of the tubo is connected by a pipe with the
exhaust of the engine used for driving the machine in such a manner that the tube
LD G71

page_text: is at liberty to revolve freely.-In a machine constructed according to our invention
if the before mentioned tube be made to revolve rapidly and at the same time the
Cutters fixed to same are pressed against the surface of the Coal, Shale or other
substance by the machine being drawn forward up on the rails a longitudinal
cut equal to the diameter of the Bar and Cutters and parallel to the rails will
be made.
The Bar inay be driven from the engine direct or by gear straps or any other
suitable means, the waste fluid being taken as before mentioned down the Bar
carrying the Cutters and exhausted through the small holes in same into the
longitudinal cut keeping that part of it close to the Cutters perfectly clear and
cool.

page_text: We GEORGE FREDERICK WYNNE of Minera near Wrexham in the County of
Denbigh Secretary to the Minera Mining Company Limited and JOHN SIBLEY
BORLASE of the same place Manager of the Halvans Dressing Company Limited
do hereby declaro the nature of our invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COAL, SUALE OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of Coal Cutting
Machines whereby the Compressed Air or other fluid used in working the engine
to drive same is exhausted into the horizontal tube carrying the Cutters and coines
out through holes drilled radially in the before mentioned tube opposite the cutting
edges of the Cutters blowing away the Coal or Shale as it is cut and thus keeping
tho cutting edges perfectly clear and cool.
In carrying out our said invention we employ a strong Carriage running on
wheels upon Rails and revolving in Bearings, fixed to the underside of this
Carriage is an iron or steel tube of round or any other convenient Section pro-
jecting on one side some feet under the coal.-Upon this tube are fixed Cutters
which are preferably long Strips of Steel either serrated or plain and fixed firmly
upon long flats formed on the tube and projecting a little beyond the end of the
tube and also beyond the circumference of the same.-The Cutters may be made
up of a number of small circular saws placed obliquely so that their circunferences
shall overlap one another, or they inay be vertical or the cutters consist of a number
of points fixed to the periphery of the Cutting Bar and the shaft have a longitudinal
as well as a rotary motion, or the circular Cutters may be made concave and a.
number of them be placed on the Shaft concentrially or they may consist of
a number of Chisels fixed stepwise to a strong frame and projecting under the
Coal so that if a slotting motion be given to the Shaft they will cut or rasp off
the Coal, Shale, or other substanco against which they are pressed, the Compressed
Air however being in every case used to keep the Cutters clear and cool as before
described.
Opposite the cutting edges of these Cutters are drilled a number of small holes
in the tube radially. The other end of the tube is connected by a pipe with the,
exhaust of the engine used for driving the Machine in such a manner that the Tube'
is at liberty to revolve freely.
In a machine constructed according to our invention if the before mentioned;
tube be made to revolve rapidly and at the same time the Cutters fixed to same
are pressed against the surface of the Coal, Shale, or other substance by. tho
machine being drawn foward upon the rails a longitudinal cut equal to the
diameter of the Bar and Cutters and parallel to the rails will be made.-The
Bar may be driven from the engine direct or by gear straps or any other suitable
means, The waste fluid being taken as before mentioned down the Bar carrying
the Cutters and exhausted through the small holes in same into the longitudinal
cut keeping that part of it close to the Cutters perfectly clear and cool.
But to make our invention better understood, we will proceed to describe the
same by reference to the accompanying Drawing in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal
Section of a Bar or tube carrying cutters, consisting of serrated pieces of Steel, and
Figure 2 a cress Section of same.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal Section of a Bar carrying cutters placed stepwise for
Cutting the Coal by a Slotting Motion and Figuro 4 a cross Section of same on
line Y. Z

page_text: Figure 5 is a longitudinal Section of the same Bar, behind which is a seperate
tube conveying the exhaust air to the bottom of the longitudinal cut and exhausting
it against the points of the cutters.-Referring to Figures 1 & 2 A is a hollow Bar
upon which flats are formed to carry the cutters, B; which are fastened on by the
set Screws C.-One end of the Bar is fixed in any conveinent manner to the engine
driving same and the other end projects under the coal so that if the Bar be made
to revolve rapidly and is at the same time pressed against the coal by the carriage
of the Machine being moved foward on the rails a longitudinal groove equal to the
length and diameter of the Bar will be made.
The Exhaust air from the Cylinder working the Machine is conveyed down the
before mentioned bar and exhausted against the edges of the cutters through a
number of small holes D drilled radially as shown in Figure 2.
In Figure 3 & 4 A is a Bar carrying cutters B, which are placed stepwise.-If a
slotting motion be given to this Bar these Cutters will slot a groove in the coal
under which the Bar projects and as the coal at the end of each slot will always be
left in steps corresponding to the steps in the Bar the cutters at the commencement
of the following stroke will always have a shoulder of coal to commence cutting
from.
The air from the cylinder is exhausted through the small holes D, against the
points of the cutters. In order to assist the exhaust air in cleaning out the
Longitudinal cut made in the coal the Bar C, shown in Figure 3 & 4 may be
used. The action is as follows. The debris as it is cut falls over the cutting Bar
into the space E and on the up stroke of the Bar is carried the length of the Stroke
towards the outside of the cut and thus at each stroke of the Bar a portion of the
debris is drawn out of the Longitudinal cut into the level.
Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of the same Bar only instead of conveying
the exhaust down the Bar-itself_it_is_carried down a seperate exhaust pipe C and
exhausted towards the outside of the cut and against the points-of-the-cutters.
through the end of the exhaust pipe at H.
In the Slotting arrangements the cutting Bar may be coupled direct on to the
reciprocating piston of the Machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details herein laid
down and shewn in the Drawing as the same may be varied without departing
from the peculiar character of our Invention, but we declare that what we claim
is. Firstly The Construction and employment of a Coal cutting Machine in which
the exhaust from the cylinder driving the same is conveyed down the Longitudinal
cut and exhausted against the points of the cutters keeping that part of it close to
the cutters perfectly clear and cool.
Thirdly. The arrangement herein described by which the Bar or Tube carrying
the Cutters is coupled direct on to the reciprocating piston Rod of the Machine.
Dand thin 11th d... of Ontahan 1001