IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS
Year: 1882

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to George Macaulay-Cruikshank, of 135, Buchanan Street,
Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Consulting Engineer and
Patent Agent, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS."
A com-
munication from abroad by Henry Clay Rice, of Louisiana, County of Pike,
State of Missouri, United States of America, Manufacturer of Tin-ware.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George
26
Macaulay-Cruikshank
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1882.
GEORGE MACAULAY-CRUIKSHANK of 135 Buchanan Street, Glasgow in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent
IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS." A communication from abroad by Henry Clay
Rice, of Louisiana, County of Pike, State of Missouri, United States of America,
Manufacturer of Tin-ware.
This Invention consists in forming a filter of two cylinders or tubes of frusto-
conical shape and of a sheet of filtering-cloth or other equivalent filtering material.
The inner tube which is perforated is of less diameter than the outer one and forms
the lower half of the receptacle for the liquid to be filtered whilst the outer tube
forms the upper half of the said receptacle and is suspended or otherwise adapted
to support the lower or inner tube which is inserted by pressing it (with the
filtering material between it and the outer tube) downwards through the outer
tube and so as to project it sufficiently to expose the perforated portion:-Or the
inner tube need not so project in which case perforations are or may also be made
in the outer tube to allow of the outward passage of the filtered liquid.
The lower end of the inner tube may have a bottom preferably perforated and
covered with the filtering material or the filtering material alone, may constitute
the bottom of the said tube.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Macaulay-Cruikshank in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th July 1882.
GEORGE MACAULAY-CRUIKSHANK of 135 Buchanan Street, Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTERS." (A communication from abroad by Henry Clay
Rice of Louisiana, in the County of Pike and State of Missouri United States
of America, Manufacturer of Tin-ware.
The said Invention consists in forming a filter of two cylinders or tubes of
frusto-conical shape and of a sheet of filtering cloth or other equivalent filtering
material. The inner tube which is perforated is of less diameter than the outer
one and forms the lower half of the receptacle for the liquid to be filtered whilst
the outer tube forms the upper half of the said receptacle and is suspended or
otherwise adapted to support the lower or inner tube which is inserted by pressing
it (with the filtering material between it and the outer tube) downwards through
the outer tube and so as to project it sufficiently to expose the perforated portion.
Or the inner tube need not so project in which case perforations are or may
also be made in the outer tube to allow of the outward passage of the filtered
liquid.
The lower end of the inner tube may have a bottom preferably perforated and
covered with the filtering material or the filtering material alone may constitute
the bottom of the said tube.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I now proceed
more particularly to set forth the system mode or manner in or under which
the same is or may be used or carried out in practice reference being had to
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon
that is to say.
On the Sheet of Drawings hereunto appended Figure 1 is a perspective view of
the parts of the filter before being put together. Figure 2 is a perspective view
with the parts put together. Figure 3 is a sectional view of the filter.
A, represents the outer and larger frusto-conical cylinder, open at both ends
and suspended, in any suitable way, in or above a vessel to receive the filtered
liquid.
B, is the inner and smaller frusto-conical cylinder, having its lower end per-
forated either as shown or with a greater number of smaller perforations. This
cylinder is preferably open at both ends but it may have a bottom which would
preferably be perforated. This latter cylinder slides within the other cylinder A.
C, is a piece of filtering cloth, a fibrous material preferably being used although
fine wire would answer the purpose. This filtering material covers the bottom of
the inner cylinder B, and it is held in place by the contact of the two cylinders A,
and B, when in position.
The two tubes or cylinders A, and B, are preferably of cylindrical form but it
will be understood that the Invention is not confined to this particular shape as
any form would answer, the shape of one tube, of course, conforining to that of the
other.
In
The inside tube B, may be altogether enclosed within the outer tube A, that is
to say its lower end need not extend below the lower end of the outer tube.
such case the outer tube A, would be perforated to allow the passage of the liquid,
unless it pass out through the bottom of the inner tube.

page_text: A practical advantage of this mode of securing the filtering material in place,
is, that any strain brought to bear upon the filtering material tends to tighten its
hold.
To put the improved filter together, the filtering material is placed over the top
of the outer tube A, and the inner tube B, is then inserted, small end first, into
the tube A, carrying the filtering material down with it into the position shown in
Figures 2, and 3, where it is retained as described.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent I would observe
in conclusion that what is considered to be novel and original and therefore
claimed as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part recited Letters
Patent is
First. The filter herein described consisting of an outer tube A, an inner tube B,
and filtering material C, the outer tube forming the upper half of the receptacle
and supporting the filter, and the inner tube forming the lower half of the
receptacle and projecting beneath the outer tube as shown and described.
Second. The filter consisting of inner and outer frusto-conical tubes A, and B,
and filtering material C, the inner tube being pressed into the outer tube to hold
the filtering material between the two tubes and the outer tube forming the
support to the filter as set forth.
Third. The filter herein described consisting of an outer supporting member A,
and inner member B, for holding the filtering material to the outer member as set
forth.
In witness whereof I the said George Macaulay-Cruikshank have hereunto
set my hand and seal this Seventeenth day of July in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
GEO. MACAULAY-CRUIKSHANK. (L.S.)