GOBEL HETE DI MOLETATION
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Jan., 1896-4ccepted, 8th Feb., 1996
GOBEL HETE DI MOLETATION
Improvements in and relating to Revolving Window-sashes.
I, PHILIP STOVER RIDDELLE, of Woodstock, County of Shenandoah, Virginia,
United States of America, Physician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in revolving window-sashes and has for
its object to provide a simple and economical construction and to improve the
operation of the parts; to enable the channelled slide-bars to be made of less
depth than in prior constructions; to avoid undue cutting away of the window-
frame in applying the revolving window-sashes thereto; to provide new and
improved automatically operating latches for locking and releasing the sash-frames,
whereby they may be locked to the channelled slide-bars and be held against
rotating until the sashes are raised or lowered to certain definite positions,
whereupon the sashes are automatically released and can be rotated on their
pivots or bearings for cleaning or other purposes; to avoid the employment of
yielding antifriction rollers, and to provide novel, simple and efficient springs
which act to press the channelled slide-bars against the sash-frames and prevent
the latter from rattling, while compensating for shrinking or swelling of the sash-
frames or the window-frame, and to enable the sash-frame to be easily and
conveniently raised or lowered.
To accomplish all these objects, iny invention involves features of construction,
the combination or arrangement of parts, and the principles of operation hereinafter
described and claimed, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in
which
Figure 1, is a broken, sectional elevation showing portions of a window-frame
and of two sashes, with my invention applied thereto.
Figure 2, is a sectional elevation looking at the edges of the sashes and showing
one of the latter turned on its pivots or bearings at an angle to the perpendicular,
and also indicating by dotted lines both sashes turned approximately to a horizontal
position.
Figure 3, is a detail horizontal sectional view on a slightly larger scale than the
other figures, to clearly illustrate the shape in cross section of the channelled
slide-bars and the wear plates on the edges of the sash-frames.
Figure 4, is a detail perspective view of a portion of one of the sashes, looking
at the wear plates secured to the edge thereof.
Figure 5, is a detail perspective view of one of the channelled slide-bars, looking
at the seat in which the wear plate of the sash-frame is adapted to fit.
Figure 6, is a detail view of one of the channelled bars, looking at the interior
thereof.
Figure 7, is a detail, sectional view, showing a portion of a window-frame and
a portion of one of the channelled slide-bars, with my new and improved anti-
rattling friction spring applied to the slide-bar.
Figure 8, is a detail plan view of the anti-rattling friction spring and the nut
adapted to fit a bolt or screw for securing the spring to the slide-bar, and
Figure 9, is a detail view of one of the metallic sockets applied to the jamb of

page_text: the window-frame for receiving an arm or projection of the automatically operating
latches, as will hereinafter appear.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will
now describe the same in detail, referring to the drawings, wherein-
The numerals 1 indicate a window-frame, and 2 and 3 window sash-frames which
are adapted to be raised and lowered in perpendicular planes and to be balanced
through the medium of ordinary weights.
The two sash-frames are designed to be mounted and operated in the same
manner, and therefore the description of my invention as applied to the lower sash-
frame is believed to be sufficient description for both sash-frames.
The sash-frame 2 is provided at each edge with a metallic wear-plate 4, which
can be economically manufactured by rolling it from metal so that it will possess
the form of cross-section shown in Figure 3. The wear-plates 4 are each adapted
to lie in a longitudinal depression formed in the outer face of a channelled slide-
bar 5, so that the wear-plates have in fact three distinct bearings against the outer
face of the slide-bar for the purpose of securing an accurate and nice fitting of
parts and a perfect joint which will effectually exclude dirt, dust, rain and snow.
The sash-frame 2 is journalled centrally between its upper and lower ends to
opposite channelled slide-bars 5 through the medium of horizontal pivot-pins 7,
preferably mounted in small metallic cases 8 inserted into the side-rails of the sash-
frame, as will be clearly understood by reference to Figure 1. The pivot-pins 7
are acted upon by springs 9, located in the cases 8 and acting to press the pivot-pins
outwardly into recesses or orifices 10, Figure 5, in the channelled slide-bars, the
construction and arrangement of parts being such that when the sash-frame is not
locked to the channelled slide-bar, as will hereinafter appear, the sash-frame can
be rotated or revolved in a vertical plane for the purpose of enabling the window
glass or glasses to be cleaned or washed, or for any other purpose, such as ventilation,
The construction and arrangement of parts are also such that if the upper
sash be lowered and the lower sash be raised, until the two sashes lie one in front
of the other and the pivot-pins of one sash-frame are brought sufficiently near the
pivot-pins of the other sash-frame, both sash-frames can be simultaneously rotated
from a perpendicular position to any angle of inclination or to an approximately
horizontal position, as indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 2.
etc.
The pivot-pius 7 of the sash are here shown as provided with stems 12 extending
to the inner edges of the side rails of the sash-fraine and having heads 13 bearing
against washers 14. The stems 12 may be in the form of screws screwed into the
pivot-pins 7, but I do not wish to be understood as confining myself to any particular
construction of pivot-pins, as obviously these devices can be materially modified
without altering the spirit of my invention. In fact, the sashes can be mounted on
any suitable pivot-pins, but I prefer the construction shown, in that the pivot-pins
constitute in effect spring bolts, which enable the sash to be readily removed from
between the channelled slide-bars by simply placing a suitable instrument under
the washers 14, and retracting the pivot-pins from engagement with the orifices 10
of the slide-bars. It will be obvious that the heads of the screws 12 could be
sufficiently enlarged to constitute handles for retracting the pivot-pins.
The wear-plates 4 are each secured to an edge of the sash-frame by suitable
screws or otherwise, and in proximity to the lower end portions the wear-plates are
each provided with an orifice or recess 15, Figures 1 and 4, to receive the locking-
head 16 of a latch 17 carried by the channelled slide-bar 5. The latch 17 is
pivoted approximately central between its upper and lower ends within the channelled
slide-bar through the medium of a suitable pivot 18, and on this pivot is mounted
a suitable spring 19, clearly shown in Figure 6, which is provided with two arms 20
bearing against the inside of the channelled slide-bar, with a loop portion 21 which
engages the latch-lever at a point above the pivot 18, so that this spring constantly
tends to press the upper end of the latch-lever in a direction away from the orifice
or recess 15 for the purpose of automatically releasing the sash-frame from locking
engagement with the channelled slide-bar whenever the arm or projection 22 on

page_text: the upper end of the latch-lever registers with a metallic socket 23 driven or
inserted into the jamb of the window-frame, as will be clearly understood by
reference to Figure 1.
Although I prefer to provide a metallic socket to receive the bevelled arm or
projection 22 of the latch-lever 17, it will be obvious that the metallic socket can
be dispensed with, and the socket, recess or oriti e forned directly in the janb of
the window-frame. The same remarks apply to the orifice or recess 15, as obviously
the wear-plate 4 can be dispensed with, and in this event the orifice or recess to
receive the locking-head 16 of the latch-lever 17 will be formed directly in the edge
of the sash-frame.
The arm or projection 22 on the upper end of the latch-lever is preferably
bevelled to an approximate knife-edge, which bears at all times against the jamb
of the window-frame and holds the locking-head 16 of the latch-lever 17 in engage-
ment with the orifice or recess 15, except at such times as the arm or projection 22
registers with the metallic socket 23. when the spring 19 operates to spring the
locking-head 16 out of engagement with the orifice or recess 15 and causes the arm
or projection 22 to enter the metallic socket 23, in which position of the parts
the sash-frame 2 can be rotated or revolved on its pivot-pins 7. The bevel
construction of the arm or projection 22 when the latter springs into the metallic
socket 23, permits the channelled sli le-bar to he slid vertically to raise or
lower the sash-frame if sufficient pressure be applied to the sash-frame to cause
the beveled faces of the arm or projection 22 to force the latter out of engagement
with the socket.
When the parts are in the position represented in Figure 1, the sash-frame is in
its lowest position and is locked to the channelled slide-bar 5 by reason of the
locking-head 16 being held in the orifice or recess 15 of the wear-plate 4 secured
to the edge of the sash-frame. Obviously, however, the sash-frame can be readily
raised and lowered when it is locked to the channelled slide-bar, because the latter
is adapted to move perpendicularly with the sash-frame, and whenever the arm
or projection 22 springs into the metallic socket 23 the sash-frame is automatically
released from the channelled har and can be turned or rotated to any angle of
inclination relatively to the perpendicular, or, as before stated, if both sash-frames
be brought to the proper position, one in front of the other, so that the arm or
projection 22 of the latch-lever 17, mounted on the channelled slide-bar 5 of the
lower sash 2, lies in the socket 23, Figure 1, and the beveled arm or projection of
the latch on the channelled slide-bar of the upper sash 3 lies in the proper socket,
similar to suchet 23 or 23", both sashes can be simultaneously turned or rotated to
any desired angle of inclination, or to an approximately horizontal position, as
indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2.
It will be observed by reference to Figure 5 that the chaunelled sli le-bar 5 is
constructed with a vertical slot 5° in coincidence with the latch-lever 17 and that the
locking-head 16 of this latch lever lies in the upper end of this slot. The lower end
of the latch-lever is provided with a heel-piece 5 which lies in the lower end
portion of the slot 5º.
When the beveled armi or projection 22 of the latch lever 17 enters the
socket 23 or 23°, the sash-frame 2 will be released so that can be turned or
rotated and when this is effected, and the wear-plate 4 leaves the depression in the
outer face of the channelled sli le-bar 5, the lower end of the late-lever will be
forced to the left, Figure 1, so that the heel-piece 5° will project into the depression
of the channelled slide-bar and the square portion 22 of the arm or projection 22
will fully enter into the socket 23, thereby firmly locking the channelled sli le-bar
against vertical movement until the sash is brought to a perpendicular position and
the wear-plate 4 on the edge of the sash, in springing into the depression in the
channelled slide-bar, presses back the heel-piece 5 of the latch-lever 17 and moves
the lever to such extent that the square portion 22 of the arm or projection 22
is withdrawn from the socket 23 or 23, leaving, however, the beveled portion of

page_text: the arm or projection 22 in the socket, so that if pressure be applied to raise or
lower the sash the arm or projection 22 will ride out of the socket and thus cause
the locking-head 16 to enter the orifice 15 to lock the sash to the channelled
slide-bar.
The devices at the left hand side of the sash are constructed the same as the
devices shown and described with reference to the right hand side of the sash.
The upper sash is also provided with devices the same as those described with
reference to the lower sash and the said devices operate in the same manner, for
which reason I do not deem it necessary to enter into a detailed description of the
devices of the upper sash, as their operation will be obvious to a person under-
standing the devices which have been described in detail.
The lower end of the latch-lever 17 is shown in Figure 1 as provided with a
depending portion 5° which is adapted to strike the lower end portion of the
slot 5 and thereby limit the outward movement of the lower end of the latch-
lever.
In Figure 1 the numeral 24 indicates a portion of one of the ordinary sash-
cords, which in practice is connected with a weight for balancing the window-sash.
As before stated, however, I do not confine myself to any particular means for
raising and lowering the sashes or for balancing the same, as the means for this
purpose constitute no part of the present invention and may be variously
modified.
The channelled slide-bars are each adapted to yield in a direction towards the
frame or surface of the window-jamb, and to accomplish this and at the same time
maintain a perfect joint connection between the depressed seats in the outer faces
of the channelled slide-bare and the wear plates 4 on the edges of the sash-frames,
I provide each channelled slide-bar with a series of anti-rattling friction springs 25,
which are in the form of spring-plates or leaf-springs and are reversely curved, one
curved end of each spring being connected with the inside of the channelled slide
har and the opposite curved end of the leaf-spring bearing like a sled-runner"
against the surface of the jamb of the window-frame. These leaf-springs operate
to constantly press the channelled slide-bars towards the edges of the sash-frames,
and whenever the latter are perpendicular a perfect joint connection between the
wear-plates 4 and the chaunelled slide-bars 5 is secured and the sashes are
prevented from rattling, while simple means are provided to compensate for
shrinking or swelling of the sash-frames or of the window-frame. The arrangement
of parts is also such that the sashes can be easily and conveniently raised or
lowered, even if the sash-frames or the window-frame should swell.
The curved end portion 26 of each leaf-spring 25 bears against the inside of the
chanuelled slide-bar 5, while the end of the spring which is connected with the
slide-bar is offset from the latter and normally stands at some distance from the inner
surface thereof. A screw 28 extends from the exterior of the slide-bar and passes
through the square opening 31 in the spring and to this screw is applied a screw-
nut 27, having a square projection 30 entering the square opening 31. If the
screw 28 be turned in one direction the nut 27 will be drawn down upon the offset
portion 29 of the spring 25 and consequently the curved free end portion 33 of the
latter will be pressed with greater force against the window-jamb and the tension
of the spring will be increased. Conversely, if the screw 28 be turned in the
opposite direction the pressure of the nut 27 un the end 29 of the spring 25 will be
relieved, and the tension of the spring will be diminished so that it will press with
less force against the jamb of the window-frame. By these simple means the
tension of the spring is adjusted or varied to suit the conditions required.
The nut 27 is also constructed with side flanges having curved bearing surfaces 32
to rest against the spring and accommodate the movements of the latter when it is
adjusted to vary its tension. The duplex curved shape of the spring is important,
in that it provides a runner or shoc-like bearing portion 33 to traverse the jamb of
the window-frame and a fulcrum portion 26 to bear against the inside of the

page_text: channelled slide-bar and to co-operate with the offset portion 29 for adjusting or
varying the tension of the spring as before explained.
The improved construction of anti-rattling friction spring materially simplifies
and economizes the employment of the channelled slide-bars in connection with the
revolving sash and enables me to entirely dispense with the anti-friction rollers and
their carrying levers.
The sashes are designed to be locked in any desired position, either entirely
closed or more or less opened, through the medium of a lock of any construction
suitable for the purpose in hand. This lock is represented by the numeral 34 aud
is set in a recess in the jamb of the window-frame and the locking arms of which
are adapted to be operated by finger-pieces 35 and 36. The locking-arms or
devices of the lock will engage any one of a series of orifices or recesses 37,
Figure 5, formed in one of the flanges of the channelled slide-bars 5 arranged at
une side of the window-frame, preferably the right-hand side, as in Figure 1. In
as much as the particular means for locking the channelled slide-bars to hold the
sashes in any desired position constitutes no part of the present invention, I do not
leem it necessary to more fully explain the same.
From the foregoing description it will be observed that neither sash-frame can
be turned or rotated until the sash and frame are lowered or raised to a certain
point so that the beveled arm or projection 22 will automatically fly into the
socket 23 or 23" for disengaging the locking-head 16 from the orifice or recess 15.
In as much as the latch-levers 17 and the sockets 23 and 23 of both sashes are
invisible when the invention is in practicable use, it is advisable to provide some
simple means for indicating to a person operating the window-sash when each sash
is in that position which enables it to be turned or rotated.
This may be accomplished through the medium of any indicating marks, signs
or other devices, but a very simple means for accomplishing the result consists of
indicating marks, as at 49, 50, 51 and 52, as best seen in Figure 2. When the
lower sash is slightly raised so that the arm or projection 22 springs into the
socket 23, Figure 1, the upper edge of the lower sash will be coincident. with
the indicating mark 50. When the lower sash is raised to the upper portion of
the window-frame and the lower edge of the sash-frame is coincident with the
indicating mark 49 the parts are again in position when the sash-frame cau be
turned or rotated. When the upper sash is lowered slightly so that its lower edge
is coincident with the indicating mark 52 the upper sash can be turned or rotated,
and when the upper sash is lowered to the lower portion of the window-frame and
the upper edge of the sash-frame coincides with the indicating mark 51, the upper
sash can be turned or rotated in the lower portion of the window-frame. If both
sashes are in their lower position and the upper edge of the lower sash-frame
coincides with the indicating mark 50 and the upper edge of the upper sash coincides
with the indicating mark 51, both sashes can be simultaneously turned or rotated
in the lower portion of the window-frame. If both sashes are raised so that the
lower edge of the upper sash coincides with the indicating mark 52 and the lower
edge of the lower sash coincides with the indicating mark 49, both sashes can be
simultaneously turned or rotated in the upper part of the window-frame as indicated
by dotted lines, Figure 2.
The lock indicated by the numeral 34 should be so constructed and so arranged
that it only engages and locks the channelled slide-bars when the beveled arms or
projections 22 of the latch-lever 17 are not engaged with the sockets or recesses in
the jamb of the window-frame. This is easily accomplished by properly, locating
the orifices 37, Figure 5, of the channelled bars.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The combination, with a slide-bar and a sash-frame pivotally mounted on the

page_text: slide-bar, of a latch carried by the slide-bar and adapted to engage the sash-frame
and hold it locked to the slide-bar, and means, substantially as described, for causing
the latch to automatically move out of engagement with the sash-frame when the
latter and the slide-bar reach a certain point in their ascending or descending
movements.
2. The combination of a slide-bar, a sash-frame pivotally mounted on the slide-
bar, a latch carried by the slide-bar, adapted to engage and lock the sash-frame and
having an arm or projection, and a window-frame having a recess to receive the
said arm or projection of the latch and into which said arm or projection springs
when the sash-frame and the slide-bar reach a certain point in their ascending or
descending movements.
3. The combination of a slide-bar, a sash-frame pivotally mounted on the slide-
bar, a latch carried by the slide-bar and adapted to engage and lock the sash-frame,
a spring acting upon the latch and tending to move the same out of engagement
with the sash, and a window-frame acting upon a part of the latch to hold it in
engagement with the sash-frame and provided with a recess into which a part of
the latch springs when the sash-frame and the slide-bar reach a certain point in
their ascending or descending movements.
4. The combination, with a slide-bar and a sash-frame pivotally mounted on the
slide-bar, of a pivoted, swinging latch mounted on the slide-bar and adapted to
engage and lock the sash-frame thereto, and means, substantially as described, for
causing the latch to swing on its pivoted bearing and automatically move out of
engagement with the sash-frame when the latter and the slide-bar reach a certain
point in their, ascending or descending movements.
5. The combination, with a channelled slide-bar and a sash-frame pivotally
mounted on said slide-bar, of a latch pivotally mounted in the channelled slide-bar
and adapted to engage and lock the sash thereto, aud means, substantially as
described, for causing the pivoted latch to swing and automatically move out of
engagement with the sash-frame when the latter and the channelled slide-bar reach
a certain point in their ascending or descending movements.
6. The combination, with a slide-bar and a sash-frame pivotally mounted on the
slide-bar, of a latch pivoted to the slide-bar and having a locking-head and an arm
or projection, a spring acting on the latch to press the locking-head out of engage-
ment with the sash-frame, and a window-frame acting on the arm or projection of
the latch to hold the locking-head in engagement with the sash and provided with
a socket into which the arm or projection of the latch springs when the sash-
frame and the slide-bar reach a certain point in their ascending or descending
movements.
7. The combination, with a channelled slide-bar and a sash-frame pivotally
mounted on the slide-bar, of a latch pivotally mounted on the channelled slide-
bar and having a locking-head and a bevelled arm or projection, a spring acting on
the latch to press the locking-head thereof out of engagement with the sash-frame
and a window-frame having a socket into which the bevelled arm or projection
of the latch springs when the said arin or projection registers with said socket.
8. The combination, with a channelled slide-bar, a sash-frame pivotally mounted
ou said slide-bar, and a window-frame, of anti-rattling friction springs, each
composed of a flattened metallic plate having reversely curved portions at its
extremities, one curved portion being adjustably secured to the channelled slide-
bar and the other curved portion constituting a runner or shoe which bears
directly against the surface of the jamb of the window-frame.
9. The combination, with a channelled slide-bar, a sash-frame pivotally mounted
on the slide-har, and a window-frame, of anti-rattling friction springs, each com-
posed of a flattened metallic plate having reversely curvel portions at its ends,
one of which portions bears directly against the jamb of the window-trame
and the other against the surface of the slide-bar, and an adjustable nut and
bolt engaged with the said spring in juxtaposition to the curved portion which

page_text: bears against the slide-bar for the purpose of adjusting or varying the tension of
the spring.
Dated the 7th day of January 1896.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,.
Agents for the Applicant.