Improvements in Induction Valves for Motive Engines and other purposes, and in Gearing to Actuate the same.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Induction Valves for Motive Engines and other
purposes, and in Gearing to Actuate the same.
I, WILLARD REED GREEN, residing at No. 1325, Gilpin Street, Denver, Arapahoe
County, State of Colorado, U.S.A., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to improvements in induction valves for motive engines
and other purposes, such as for air compressors, and in gearing to actuate the same.
I will describe it with reference to its application to a motive engine in which I
make use of the pressure of the motive fluid employed in actuating the engine to
balance said valves either with or without the assistance and co-operation of the
weight or pressure of the atmosphere.
My invention consists of a series of two or more valves of different areas or
acting under different pressures whereby said valves co-operate to alternately or
successively balance each other and the main or induction valve of the engine, so
that the difference in the relative pressures upon the various valves is the only
factor to be dealt with, and of mechanical means for handling said differences.
I preferably employ two valves of unequal areas on one stem, the pressure of
the operating fluid thereon being, in part, balanced or compensated by a piston
having a vacuum, or partial vacuum, on one side and a pressure above the atmo-
sphere on the other side, an auxiliary by-pass valve to equalize the pressure on the
two induction valves and mechanism to actuate the whole in proper relation to
the position and movement of an engine piston.
The manner of constructing and operating my improved induction valves is set
forth in the following specification on which the drawings illustrating my invention
form a part.
Referring to the drawings:
Fig. I is an elevation, mainly in section, illustrating one of my improved in-
duction valves, a portion of the cylinder head to which it is attached and the
gearing to operate the same.
Fig. II is a detail of Fig. at a right angle thereto, showing the manner of
constructing the fulcrum of the valve operating lever.
1 is a portion of a head or cover for an engine cylinder and 2 a valve box made
integral therewith: 3 is the smaller of the two induction valves opening com-
munication between the chamber 4 and the cylinder 1; 5 is the larger of the two
induction valves opening communication between the chambers 6 and 4, and 7 is
an auxiliary valve of the piston type, also opening communication between the
chambers 6 and 4; 37 is a small by-pass or passage between chambers 6 and 4.
The operating fluid, which may be steam, gas or air, enters through the passage 8

page_text: into the chamber 6 and from thence flows through the valves 5 and 3 and into
the engine cylinder through the passage A, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. I.
The valves 3 and 5 are attached to a stem 9 that extends up through a sleeve 10
into a cylinder 11 and is attached to a piston 12. The auxiliary valve 7 is attached
to the sleeve 10 and moves therewith, the latter passing through the gland 14
screwed into the valve box cover 15.
On the stem 9 is a tappet collar 16 and on the sleeve 10 is a similar collar 17;
between these collars is a spring 18, which may be of metal or india rubber, that
prevents concussion in working, as will be hereinafter explained.
To operate the stem 9 sleeve 10 and the valves thereon, I employ a gyratory
lever 19, fulcrumed by a ball bearing 20 and supported between the concave ended
screws 21 inserted through the lugs 22 on the standard 23 that supports the
cylinder 11.
The gyratory lever 19 is connected by a ball bearing 24 to the face of a wheel 25
on the shaft 26, the latter being mounted in suitable bearings connected to the
engine cylinder, or any stationary part of the engine-frame.
The lever 19 is made extensible or adjustable in length by a screw sleeve 28
and the range of its gyratory motion is regulated by sliding the bearing 24 out-
ward or inward on the face of the wheel 25, a screw 29 passing through a slot in the
flange 30 permitting this adjustment.
The wheel 25 is driven by a face wheel 31 provided with curved teeth 32 that
mesh into corresponding spiral teeth 33 on the wheel 25. The face wheel 31 is
mounted on a shaft 34 that is positively geared to the crank shaft of the engine and
with the wheel 25 moves at an uniform rate therewith.
The upper portion of the cylinder 11 is partially exhausted of air through the
pipe 35, connected to an air pump, or other means of removing the air, and the
resulting pressure, from the lower side of the cylinder 11 may be increased by
means of a force pump, or by any other known method, to any pressure desired,
care being taken that said pressure is not too great to prevent the induction
valves 3 and 5 from closing quickly, when desired, under the influence of the
working pressure of the steam, gas, air or vapor, as the case may be.
It will be seen that the relation between the piston 12 and valve 3 will be as
the area of piston 12 and the pressure thereon are in proportion to the area of
valve 3 and the pressure thereon, or working pressure. This relation should be
approximately equality, and it may be adjusted and controlled in accordance with
the structure and working conditions of the engine.
The operation is as follows; The pressure upon piston 12 creates an upward
pull on stem 9, and the valves 3 and 5, which pressure is nearly sufficient to raise
and sustain the weight of valve 3 with the working pressure thereon after the
pressure of the working medium upon valve 5 has been balanced and removed
but not enough to raise valve 5 while under the pressure of said working medium.
The upward pressure upon piston 12 being less than that of the working fluid
on the top or back of the valve 5 no movement will occur until the end 36 of
the lever 19 comes in contact with the tappet collar 17, raises the sleeve 10 and the
valve 7 and thereby admits the steam, or other working fluid, through the pas-
sage 37, and from chamber 6 to chamber 4, and puts the valve 5 into equilibrium
and leaves valve 3 to alone resist the upward pull of piston 12 upon it. The
lever 19 then instantly raises the stem 9 and the valves 3 and 5, thereby permitting
a free flow of the working fluid from the chamber 6 to cylinder 1. As the upward
pull of piston 12 is substantially equal to the pressure upon the back of valve 3
the resistances to be overcome by the mechanism, or the work to be done by the
lever, is practically only that of friction and gravity. This may be very nicely
adjusted and reduced to but a few pounds. To time and control the opening of
the valves 3 and 5 the tappet collar 17 follows the one 16 and by the internosed
spring 18 raises the latter and the stem 9 with the induction valves thereon in
accordance as said lever is set or operatively connected with the engine piston.
When the end 36 of the lever 19, moving on the arc a passes and releases the

page_text: tappet collar 17 the valves 7, 5 and 3 are instantly closed by draught and pressure
of the working fluid, thus cutting off its flow to the engine cylinder.
In the drawing it will be seen that the areas of piston 12 and valve 3 are shown
as being nearly equal, hence the relation between the working conditions of the
two will be as the pressures in the boiler and in cylinder 11 respectively. These
may be regulated to suit requirements.
Adjustment to determine the point of opening and closing the induction valves 3
and 5 is provided by the position of the wheel 25 in respect to the engine stroke
by moving the bearing 24, or by lengthening or shortening the lever 19 as the con-
ditions may require.
The gyratory movement of the end 36 of the lever 19 and its friction on the
collar 17 produces a turning force on the sleeve 10 that is communicated to the
stem 9 causing a slow rotation of all the valves causing them to wear uniformly
and not leak. It also causes the removal of any foreign obstruction on the faces
or the seats of these valves and insures their perfect reseating.
The faces of one or all of the tappet collars may be milled, chased, or roughened,
in any way to insure the same gripping upon the end of the lever 19.
The balls on the end of the gyrating lever 19 may be made stationary or rotating
upon said lever, as the case may require.
The induction valves and their bearings and supports may, if desired, be placed
upon and attached to the cylinders of the engine instead of being placed upon the
cylinder-heads.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination with a substantially balanced valve, of means for operating
the valve and imparting a rotary motion thereto, substantially as specified.
2. The two valves 3 and 5 of unequal areas, attached to one stem 9, the latter
provided with a piston exerting an upward or opening force on said valves, for
balancing the same.
3. The combination of valves 3 and 5 connected to a stem 9 and sleeve 10, the
latter integral with or connected to a supplementary valve 7 controlling a pas-
sage 37 to admit the working fluid between the two first-named valves.
4. The two induction valves 3 and 5, a movable stem on which these valves are
mounted, a sleeve surrounding this stem provided with auxiliary valve 7 and tappet
collars 16 and 17, whereby the stem and sleeve are raised and the valves thereon
opened, substantially as specified.
5. The valves 3 and 5 mounted upon the stem 9, an auxiliary valve 7 attached
to the sleeve 10 sliding upon the stem 9, tappet collars 16 and 17 and means to
raise these collars successively, one impinging upon the other.
6. The combination of the induction valves 3 and 5, the movable stem on which
these valves are mounted, a piston attached to the stem and moving in a cylinder 11
and operated on one side by a vacuum and on the other side by pressure with
means for operating the same.
7. The induction valves 3 and 5, the auxiliary valve 7 and passage 37 whereby
fluid is admitted between the induction valves to balance the pressure on valve 5,
the gyratory lever 19 to raise and open the valves, pivotted in the middle and made
extensible at 28, substantially as specified.
8. The combination of the valve stem 9, the valves 3 and 5, sleeve 10, auxiliary
valve 7, tappet collars 16 and 17, with the gyratory lever 19 and adjustable bear-
ing 24, whereby the sweep of the lever is regulated, substantially as specified.
9. The combination of the face wheel 32 operatively connected to the engine
shaft, the wheel 33 provided with the adjustable eccentric plate (30) and the
gyratory lever 19 to raise and open the induction valves, combined and operating
substantially as specified.

page_text: 10. The valves 3 and 5, stem 9, valve 7, and sleeve 10 for operating the same,
and a gyratory lever revolving on a fulcrum, imparting a rotating motion to said
valves and opening said valves at a given part of its revolution all in combination.
Dated this 20th day of December 1898.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London,
For the Applicant.