IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING COLORS ON YARNS AND CLOTHS
Year: 1853

page_text: Sealed the 13th January 1854, and dated the 16th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Ronald at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th November 1853.
I, JOHN RONALD, of Paisley, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING COLORS ON YARNS
AND CLOTHS" to be as follows:-
Heretofore it has been usual to fix colors on yarns and cloths by
introducing them into an atmosphere of steam in a suitable box or
chamber. My improvements consist of causing yarns to be heated in
suitable passages or chambers externally heated by steam or other heat,
preventing the steam coming in contact with the yarns or cloths.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Ronald in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 15th May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1,
JOHN RONALD, of Paisley, Manufacturer, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of November, in the year
of our Lord, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the Seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Ronald, Her special licence,
that I, the said John Ronald, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Ronald, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING
COLOURS ON YARNS AND CLOTHS" upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said, John Ronald, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office, within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Ronald, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say):
Heretofore it has been usual to fix colors on yarns and cloths by
introducing them into an atmosphere of steam in a suitable box or
chamber. My improvements consist of causing yarns to be treated in
suitable passages or chambers externally heated by steam or other heat,
preventing the steam coming in contact with the yarns or cloths.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, I will pro-
ceed to explain the manner of performing the same.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, shows a plan, and Figure 2, a sectional elevation of a
square box or apparatus such as I use in carrying out-my Invention.
Figure 3, shows a plan, and Figure 4, a sectional elevation of a similar
apparatus but cylindrical in place of square. And I would state that the
shape of the apparatus used for carrying out my Invention, may be
varied from those shown, so long as the same admit of treating yarns
or cloths in the manner herein described. Yarn in the wet state is to.
be placed into the interior of the apparatus, and steam (which is the
heat I prefer to use, though other means of heating may be employed,)
is to be allowed to flow into the space between the two cases or boxes
of which the apparatus is composed, when the heat passing through
into the inner case or box will heat the yarn and cause steam to
arise by reason of the moisture contained in the yarn, and the colors
will thereby be fixed, and by such means the use of seeds or absorbent
matters which have been heretofore used in the drawers or boxes in
which yarns have been packed when applying steam (to fix the colors)
will be dispensed with, less steam will be necessary, and the work will be
better done. In fixing colors on cloths they are to be placed in the
apparatus and treated in the same manner as yarn.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the details herein described; but what I claim is, the appli-
cation of heat externally to the vessel or chamber in which yarn or
cloth is introduced for the purpose of having the colors fixed as herein.
explained, in place of introducing free steam into the box or chamber
without external heat as has heretofore been the practice.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ronald, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four
Witness,
DAVID CAMPBELL,
of Paisley, Writer.
JOHN RONALD. (L.S.)