IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINING METALS AND ALLOYS OF METALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF COINS, CHECKS, VOUCHERS, TRADE MARKS, AND OTHER USEFUL ARTICLES, AND FOR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Stone, of the City of Manchester, Analytical
Chemist, and Charles Comer, junior, of the Broughton Copper Works, in
Salford, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN COMBINING METALS AND ALLOYS OF METALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
COINS, CHECKS, VOUCHERS, TRADE MARKS, AND OTHER USEFUL ARTICLES, AND
FOR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 26th September 1861, and dated the 5th April 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Stone and Charles
Comer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 5th April 1861.
We, DANIEL STONE, of the City of Manchester, Analytical Chemist, and
CHARLES COMER, junior, of the Broughton Copper Works, in Salford, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINING METALS AND ALLOYS OF METALS FOR THE MANU-
FACTURE OF COINS, CHECKS, VOUCHERS, TRADE MARKS, AND OTHER USEFUL ARTICLES,
AND FOR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in combining two or more metals or alloys of metals
of different colours, the object being to obtain surfaces having stripes, checks,
or other designs produced by the different metals or alloys of metals employed.
In performing our Invention we pour two or more different coloured metals or
alloys of metals into a grooved mould, or the mould may be provided with any

page_text: design, pattern, or device, or the metals or alloys of metals may be combined
at two or more operations instead of simultaneously, as described. The strip
of combined metals thus produced is then passed between rolls or otherwise
reduced until it is brought to the required thickness for making the coins,
checks, or other articles for which it is intended. By this means highly
ornamental metallic surfaces can be produced, and coins, checks, vouchers, and
trade marks that cannot be easily imitated can be manufactured with facility
and economy.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Daniel Stone and Charles Comer in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, DANIEL
STONE, of the City of Manchester, Analytical Chemist, and. CHARLES COMER,
junior, of the Broughton Copper Works, Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Daniel
Stone and Charles Comer, jun., Her special licence that we, the said Daniel
Stone and Charles Comer, jun'., our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Daniel Stone and Charles Comer, jun"., our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBINING
METALS AND ALLOYS OF METALS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF COINS, CHECKS, VOUCHERS,
TRADE MARKS, AND OTHER USEFUL ARTICLES, AND FOR ORNAMENTAL PURPOSES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Daniel Stone and Charles
Comer, jun., our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said. Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Daniel Stone and Charles Comer, jun*.,
dó hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say):-
The nature of our Invention consists in uniting and combining two or more
metals or alloys of metals, of 'different colours or shades of colours, for manu-
facturing coins, checks, vouchers, trade marks, and other articles having
stripes, checks, or other designs on their surfaces, such designs being produced
by the different colours or shades of colours of the metals or alloys of metals
employed.
In performing our Invention various modes of operation may be adopted,
and a great variety of metals and alloys of metals may be employed."
In uniting copper and brass the following mode of operation may be
advantageously employed:-We take an ingot or strip of copper of any con-
venient length, breadth, and thickness, and form a groove or grooves in its
surface by a planing machine or otherwise, of the depth of about half the
thickness of the strip, and then run the molten brass into the groove or
grooves. The strip of combined copper and brass thus produced is then
passed between rolls or otherwise reduced until it is brought to the required
thickness for making the coins, checks, or other articles, for which it is
intended.
Another mode of operation is as follows:-A mould is prepared of the size
of the strip required, and in this mould projecting ribs are formed. The
molten copper is then poured into the mould, thereby producing a strip of
copper, with grooves in one surface corresponding to the stripes which it is
intended to produce. The molten brass is then poured into the recesses, after
which operation the strip is ready for being reduced in thickness by rolls or
otherwise, as above referred to. Or ribs of copper may be placed in the
bottom of the mould, and the molten brass then run into the mould, thus
combining the copper and brass and forming a strip ready to be reduced by
rolls or otherwise.
In
In the foregoing description we have described various modes of operation
when copper
and brass are to be united; it is, however, evident that any other
suitable metals and alloys of metals may be united in a similar manner.
producing stripes with more than two metals or alloys of metals, the additional
metal or alloy is run into the groove or grooves prepared for it in the original
strip. When checks are to be produced, the grooves are made to intersect
each other at right angles or diagonally. It is also evident that stars, spots,
or other designs can be produced in a similar manner. In some cases a hollow

page_text: ..cylinder, or other form of copper or other metal or alloy of metal may be
made either with a cylindrical or other shaped orifice, which is filled with brass
or other. metal or alloy of metal, thus producing a solid cylinder or other form,
which can then be cut into discs, for making coins, checks, or other articles.
Or a star or other shaped centre piece of copper or other metal or alloy of
metal may form the nucleus, and be surrounded by brass or other metal or
alloy of metal. The metals and alloys of metals thus combined are thoroughly
united together, and can be manufactured into coins, checks, vouchers, and
trade marks, by the ordinary and well known stamping machinery, each
article produced having one surface or both surfaces of two or more different
colours or shades of colours, such articles are therefore more difficult to
counterfeit or to be fraudulently 'imitated than those made of homogeneous
metal or alloy of metal.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described several
modes of carrying the same into practical operation, we wish to remark that
we do not intend to limit ourselves to the details given, as they may be
considerably varied and modified, but what we claim is the combining metals
and alloys of metals in the manner and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Daniel Stone and Charles Comer, junior,
have hereto set our hands and seals, this First day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
DANIEL STONE.
(L.S.)
CHARLES COMER, JR. (L.8.)
DANIEL STONE.
(L.S.)
CHARLES COMER, JR. (L.S.)