An Improved "Cut Out" for "Arc" Lamps.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 15th July, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr., 1891-Accepted, 16th May, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved "Cut Out" for "Arc" Lamps.
1 JOHN SEATON WARBURTON of 49, New Road, Grays in the County of
Essex, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
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arc
"
"
In order to effect the absolute automatic "cut out or electrical isolation of an
arc" lamp while burning in series or in parallel circuit together with a number of
or other electric lamps I apply to such an arc" lamp a suitable mechanical
arrangement consisting of a weighted arm or hanging lever or its equivalent herein
after termed the "cut out" which is connected electrically with the positive "pole'
or terminal of the lamp and which is held in suspension by a pin or detent or its
equivalent forming part of the mechanical controlling apparatus of the lamp in such
manner that so long as the "are" does not exceed a certain predetermined length
and the mechanical controlling apparatus of the lamp maintains a normal position
the "cut out" is not allowed to come into contact with any part of the lamp con-
nected electrically with the negative "pole" or terminal of the lamp but as soon as
the predetermined length of "arc" is exceeded its resistance to the passage of the
electric current causes the mechanical controlling apparatus of the lamp to assume
an abnormal position which thereby effects the release of the "cut out
"
and allows
it to fall and make an electrical connection with the negative terminal or some part
of the lamp which is connected electrically with the negative "pole" or terminal of
the lamp and hereinafter termed the "contact" and the absolute electrical connection
between the "cut out" and the "contact" is further ensured by the action of a locking
catch pawl or spring or its equivalent thereby "cutting out or "short-circuiting" the
lamp and allowing the electric current to pass through the lamp (or past the lamp
as may be arranged) without the intervention of an "are" and maintaining the
circuit unbroken. My invention is especially applicable to "Crompton" arc lamps
or other arc lamps in which the length of the "are" is regulated or controlled by a
brake releasing or clutch gear and its form may be varied to suit the requirements
of different types of such arc" lamps and instead of a hanging arm or lever I may
use a falling weight or a spring or one or more arms levers weights or springs or
their equivalent or a combination of them my purpose being the construction of a
" cut out and
simple mechanical device having a certain and rapid action as a
actuated by the existing controlling mechanism of a "Crompton" or other "arc
lamp without requiring the assistance of a special electro-magnet or other special
electrical apparatus to actuate it. The "cut out may be connected electrically
to either "pole" or terminal of the lamp provided that the "contact" is connected
electrically to the opposite "pole or terminal of the lamp and that they are
efficiently insulated from each other until they are brought into electrical con-
nection by the mechanical action of the controlling mechanism of the lamp. The
"cut out" and also the "contact" may each be constructed of one or more parts
with screw or other means of adjustment in order to vary their length or position or
shall be released and the
in order to determine the period when the "cut out
parts of the "cut out" and of the "contact" liable to oxidation or fusing may be
made separately so as to be easily renewed.
"
Dated this Fourteenth day of July 1890..
"
"
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page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved "Cut Out" for "Arc" Lamps.
I JOHN SEATON WARBURTON of 49, New Road, Grays, in the County of
Essex, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
66
66
""
"
"
"
In order to effect the absolute automatic "cut out " or electrical isolation of an
arc lamp while burning in series or in parallel circuit together with a number of
arc or other electric lamps I apply to such an "are" lamp a suitable mechanical
arrangement consisting of a weighted arm or hanging lever or its equivalent herein-
after termed the "cut out" which is connected electrically with the positive "pole"
or terminal of the lamp and which is held in suspension by a pin or detent or its
equivalent forming part of the mechanical controlling apparatus of the lamp in
such manner that so long as the "arc does not exceed a certain predetermined
length and the mechanical controlling apparatus of the lamp maintains a normal
position the "cut out" is not allowed to come into contact with any part of the
lamp connected electrically with the negative "pole" or terminal of the lamp but
as soon as the predetermined length of " arc is exceeded its resistance to the
passage of the electric current causes the mechanical controlling apparatus of the
lamp to assume an abnormal position which thereby effects the release of the "cut
out and allows it to fall and make an electrical connection with the negative
terminal or some part of the lamp which is connected electrically with the negative
"pole" or terminal of the lamp and hereinafter termed the "contact" and the
absolute electrical connection between the "cut out and the "contact" is further
ensured by the action of a catch locking pawl or spring or its equivalent thereby
"cutting out or ❝short circuiting" the lamp and allowing the electric current to
pass through the lamp (or past the lamp as may be arranged) without the inter-
vention of an
and maintaining the circuit unbroken. My invention is
especially applicable to "Crompton are" lamps or other "are" lamps in which
the length of " arc is regulated or controlled by brake releasing or clutch gear
and its form may be varied to suit the requirements of different types of such "arc
lamps and instead of a hanging arm or lever I may use a falling weight or a spring
or one or more arms levers weights or springs or their equivalent or a combination
of them my purpose being the construction of a simple mechanical device having a
certain and rapid action as a "cut out" and actuated by the existing controlling
mechanism of a "Crompton" or other "are" lamp without requiring the assistance
of a special electro-magnet or other special electrical apparatus to actuate it.
The "cut out may be connected electrically to either "pole" or terminal of the
lamp provided that the "contact" is connected electrically to the opposite "pole
or terminal of the lamp and that they are efficiently insulated from each other until
they are brought into electrical connection by the mechanical action of the con-
trolling mechanism of the lamp. The "cut out" and also the "contact" may each
be constructed of one or more parts with screw or other means of adjustment in
order to vary their length or position or in order to determine the period when
the "cut out "shall be released and the parts of the "cut out" and of the
"contact" liable to oxidation or fusing may be made separately so as to be easily
renewed.
"
<arc
"
>> 66
"
Referring to the accompanying drawings, a is a standard or support of brass or
other suitable metal attached to or forming part of the body or frame of the lamp
from which it may or may not be insulated provided that it is in electrical con-
nection with one (for instance the positive) "pole" or terminal of the lamp. bis a
weighted arm or hanging lever pivotted upon a. c is a catch or locking pawl
pivotted upon
66
cut out.
together with which it forms a folding lever hereinafter called the
d is a check pin upon the weighted arm or hanging lever b for the

page_text: "
"
purpose of enabling the catch or locking pawl c to resist the tension of the spring e.
fis the "contact" which is in electrical connection with the opposite (for instance
the negative) "pole" or terminal of the lamp and which is efficiently insulated from
the "cut out so long as the controlling mechanism of the lamp does not exceed its
normal path or position as shown in Fig. 1. e is a coiled or other spring which
tends to pull the upper part of the catch or locking pawl c against the check pin d
upon the weighted arm or hanging lever band which also tends to bring the "cut
out" into electrical contact with the "contact" f when the pin or detent (which
is connected with or forms part of the controlling mechanism of the lamp) is
depressed or otherwise assumes an abnormal position and permits the release of the
" cut out as shown in Fig. 2 and the absolute electrical contact is further ensured
by bevelling or rounding off the back of the lower end of the "cut out" and the
side of the pin or detent g next to the "cut out as shown in the drawings so that
when the lamp is cut out and the pin or detent g assumes its normal path or position
as shown in Fig. 3 it tends to press or wedge the "cut out" still more firmly against
the "contact". By attaching a cord or other suitable connection to the joint of
the folding lever or cut out as shown in the drawings and leading such cord or
connection to the outside of the lamp the "cut out may be withdrawn from the
contact "fas shown in Fig. 4 without necessitating the depression or withdrawal
of the pin or detent g or requiring the opening of the case containing the "cut out
or the mechanism of the lamp.
cr
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
The arrangement and combination of the standard or support a with the folding
lever or "cut out" consisting of the weighted arm or hanging lever 6 the catch or
locking pawl c the check pin d and the "contact" f together with or without the
spring e and the pin or detent g as and for the purposes substantially as shown and
described.
Dated this 13th day of April 1891.