Improvements in Stamped or Forged Railway Axle-boxes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 5th Aug., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stamped or Forged Railway Axle-boxes.
We CECIL CLEMENT LONGRIDGE and JAMES DENIS TWINTERROW, both of
The Patent Axle-box & Foundry Co. Ld. Saltley Central Works Saltley in the
County of Warwick do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to the manner in which we construct and arrange axle boxes
for railway and other rolling stock by the manufacture or building up of such axle
boxes from continuous weldless metal plates or blanks; and has for its object the
manufacture of a light metal case from a plate or blank, for containing the usual
interior fittings, and a strengthening cover or saddle secured upon this lighter case,
suitably constructed for receiving the horn plates of the axle bracket and for
receiving and supporting the spring.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings—
Figure 1 shows in plan a strengthening plate or cover A formed from a metal
blank having its horn plate grooves B and spring seating C suitably stamped, while
Figure 2 is a section of the side plate A¹ of this strengthening plate on the line x y
(Figure 1) and Figure 3 is a similar section of a side plate embossed or stamped
from a plate of uniform thickness; and Figure 4 is a section on the line y z
(Figure 1) showing the projections C' formed on the crown portion of the plate or
cover.
Figure 5 illustrates in plan a strengthening plate or cover A made from a metal
blank with horn plate grooves B and spring seating C formed by piercing the
metal, and turning up the pierced portions of the plate to form tongues or pro-
jections BC for the reception of the horn plates and spring; while Figure 6
illustrates a section on the line x y (Figure 5) and Figure 7 is a sectional elevation
on the line y (Figure 5) with side plates A' turned or bent down into position
along the dotted line a (Figure 5).
2
Figures 8 and 11 illustrate in plan other forms of strengthening plates or covers
in which the grooves for the reception of the horn plates of the axle bracket are
formed by bending or folding back the side plates A' on the lines bb, and in
Figure 11 the front and back plate also, the plate being bent over on the dotted
lines ; while Figure 9 shows a section on the line y (Figure 8) and Figure 10
a similar section when packing plates or strips A² are introduced.
Figures 12, 13, and 14 illustrate in cross sections various methods of bracing or
securing the strengthening plate or cover A around the inner casing D.
Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 illustrate in longitudinal section, plan, cross section
and end elevation respectively, a complete axle box constructed in accordance with
our present invention.
Figure 19 illustrates in longitudinal section an axle box having the strengthening
cover or saddle removed.
Figures 20, 21 and 22 show in transverse sectional elevations our axle boxes
having cover or saddle removed, with various devices for removing and securing
the bearing brasses F in position.
In carrying our invention into effect when constructing an axle box in accordance
with our present invention, we form the body or inner case D (Figures 15-22) of
our axle box as a light structure from sheet metal, woodite, or other suitable
material, for the purpose of receiving the internal fittings. We prefer, however, to
forge, stamp or form this inner case D out of sheet metal which we bend upwards
to produce sides, and then inwards to form a crown or top D¹ D' and end, thereby
ונס...D

page_text: forming a case or body having a configuration as shown in longitudinal and trans-
verse sectional elevations at Figures 15, 18 and 20. We then secure the two
portions D' D2 of the plate D forming the crown or top by providing holes or
recesses therein for the reception of ligs or projections e forined upon the packing
plate E, thus locking the packing plate and inner and outer cases together. The
ends of the case may be provided with apertures therein adapted to receive at the
outer end a front lid in the ordinary manner, and large enough for the free passage
of the axle on the other.
We form the strengthening cover or saddle A in one manner from a blank or
plate preferably of the configuration shown in Figure 1, by stamping forging or
otherwise providing the necessary projections B' C, as shown in plan and sectional
elevations at Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, to form a seating for the spring on the crown of
the plate, and the usual or necessary projections or guards to form grooves for the
reception of the horn plates of the axle bracket which is secured to the truck car or
other rolling stock. We then proceed to bend the side plates along the lines a to form
a saddle or cover for enclosing the inner light metal case D, and then brace or secure
these bent over sides together by nut and bolt and distance pieces or washers as shown
in Figure 12, sometimes further securing the cover or saddle to the inner case by
means of rivets, pins or studs.
By another method of producing our strengthening cover or saddle A from a
plate of similar configuration, we make the necessary projections B₁ C' by cutting
or piercing the metal plate and turning or bending up the tongues so formed into a
position at right angles to the planes of the crown and side plates, thereby forming
the necessary seating C for the spring, and grooves B for the horn plate as shown
in plan at Figure 5 and in section and sectional elevation at Figures 6 and 7.
Figures 8, 9 and 10 illustrate another method which we sometimes employ for
forming our strengthening cover or saddle from a plate or blank of rectangular
or oblong configuration, the grooves B for the reception of the horn plates
being made by bending or folding back the side plates A on lines in such
positions as b b (Figure 8) and securing them by rivets or the like as shown in
Figure 9.
We sometimes insert packing plates or strips A² between the plates so bent, for
the purpose of adjusting the axle-box to horn plates of varying width, as shown in
sectional plan at Figure 10. Figures 12, 13 and 14 show the same method of con-
structing our strengthening cover or saddle in transverse sectional elevations,
together with different methods generally employed of bracing or securing around
the inner case, which consist in Figures 13 and 14 of prolongations of the side
plates A' secured together by bolts or pins.
Figure 8 also illustrates another manner in which we form the necessary
projections C on the crown portion of the cover or saddle, for the purpose of
affording a good seating for the spring. Figure 11 illustrates a similar. method of
forming our strengthening cover or saddle in which four sides are provided, and the
horn plate grooves are made by bending or folding over the front and side plates on
the lines suitable apertures being provided for the axle on the one side and the
lid on the other.
Figures 20, 21 and 22 are transverse sectional elevations of different devices
which we adopt for securing the bearing brass F in position, and for its ready
withdrawal when necessitated by wear or other causes without otherwise disturbing
the internal arrangements of the axle box. In Figure 20 the underside of the
packing plate E is made concentric with the axle, and the brass F is inserted 5
through the aperture in the end of the axle box to the position shown in dotted
lines, and is then rotated into the position shown; the finger piece or stop G which
is hinged at g being then raised into the position for supporting the end of the
brass, and there kept in position by the action of a spring such as G2, acting on a
cam like projection on the hinged end of the finger piece or stop. The brass is 5
prevented from further rotation in the opposite direction by enlarging it's end F', a

page_text: tongue piece or slide H being inserted in grooves formed in the packing plate and
finger piece or stop as an additional security. In Figure 21 the finger pieces G or
stops are arranged on both sides of the box and are retained in position by means of
wedge shaped pieces I inserted from the front of the axle boxes. In Figure 22 the
packing plate E is shown prolonged downwards to form guides E¹ for the key
pieces H', which are thereby interlocked with the bearing brass.
Figures 15, 16 and 17 show in longitudinal section, transverse sectional and end
elevations respectively an improved form of dust shield which we sometimes employ
and consists of two plates J J' kept in position by springs K K' acting against the
top and bottom of the axle box and by springs L L attached to the packing
plate E.
Figure 19 illustrates in longitudinal sectional elevation another form of dust
shield of conoidal form which we sometimes employ, containing packing material
which is compressed by a plate M and springs L.
Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 show a complete axle box constructed and arranged in
accordance with our invention herein before described, having strengthening cover
or saddle similar in construction to that illustrated at Figure 5.
We do not limit the application of our invention to any particular form of
strengthening cover or saddle or inner case, but employ any form of cover or saddle
of three or more sides having grooves arranged in any manner thereon for receiving
the horn plates, and spring seats arranged thereon in any usual manner for the
reception and support of the springs; an essential feature of our invention con-
sisting in the provision of a light structure for the reception of the internal
fittings of the axle box and in a strengthening cover or saddle secured thereto for
the purpose of receiving the strains incidental to axle boxes of rolling stock, and for
transmitting all thrust on the brass direct to the crown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In an axle box for use on railway rolling stock, the construction and arrange-
ment of a wrought metal cover plate or strengthening cover having an inner lighter
material case which contains the bearing for the axle, substantially as and for the
purposes herein before described.
2. The combination and arrangement of a wrought metal axle box cover with an
inner light material case having a brass or top bearing for the axle with keys or
keeps for retaining the bearing in position, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. The construction of a cover or outer case for use upon a railway axle box, in
which projections or recesses are pressed, pierced or embossed from the blank or
sheet of metal, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described, and as
illustrated in Figure 1 to Figure 11 of the accompanying drawings.
4. In an axle box constructed with a wrought metal outer case or cover and an
nner lighter material case, the construction and arrangement of a packing plate
such as E substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described, and as
llustrated in Figures 14, 15, 17, 20, 21 and 22 of the accompanying drawings.
5. The construction of a cover plate or outer case for use upon a railway axle
box, in which the sides and ends are formed by bending over a sheet or blank of
metal, substantially as herein before described and as illustrated in Figures 1, 5, 7,
3, 9, 10 and 11 of the accompanying drawings.
6. In a wrought metal axle box, the construction and arrangement of dust shields
and springs such as J K L M substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
lescribed, and as illustrated in Figures 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 of the accompanying
Irawings.
7. In an axle box, the construction and arrangement of top bearings or brasses
uch as FF with keys, cotters, and springs such as G G H H' and I substantially

page_text: as and for the purposes hereinbefore described, and as illustrated in Figures 20, 21
and 22 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of November 1892.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.