Improvements in Sewing Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 19th Jan., 1895
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
I, JAMES MORRISON of 75 Cowley Road London S.W. Merchant do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in sewing machines and has for object to
produce a sewing machine of a type capable of being manufactured at a very low
price and yet withal capable of performing its work equally as well as that done
by the ordinary household sewing machine.
In accordance with this invention the working parts of the machine are reduced
to a minimum and it is the combination and arrangement of these parts, consisting
essentially of a vertically reciprocating needle bar and its actuating levers, a
revolving looper and its shaft, a thread tension, and an automatic feed, with a work
plate and machine stand, which forms my invention aforesaid. And in order that
the same may be fully understood and readily carried into effect I will describe
same with reference to the accompanying drawings upon which Fig. I represents
in front elevational view a sewing machine constructed in accordance with this
invention. In this view the work plate is shewn in section. Fig. 2 is a rear
elevation of the machine, and Fig. 3 an end elevation of the same, the work plate
in this figure being also shewn partly in section. Figs. 4, 5 & 6 are detail views.
a is the bed or stand of the machine which may if desired be screwed, clamped
or otherwise attached to the table or bench in front of the operator, b is the
machine arm, c the work plate carried upon standard or support d formed upon bed
or stand a, e is the vertically reciprocating needle bar, into which a needle j' of any
desired size may be inserted and held in position by set screw e', g is the looper
fitted upon shaft or spindle h and the vertical reciprocations to the needle bar e and
needle and the rotary movement to the looper 9 are obtained from the handle i
in the manner hereinafter explained. Fulcrummed at k to the arm 6 of the machine
is the lever one end of which takes into a slot or aperture formed in the
needle bar. The other end of lever is pivottally connected to the upper end
of the connecting rod m the lower end of which connecting rod m is attached to
the crank n formed on looper spindle or shaft h. The looper spindle or shaft h
aforesaid is carried at one end in a bearing & formed upon the arm 6 of machine
and its other end has a bearing in the standard d before mentioned. At the
looper end of the shaft or spindle and mounted eccentrically thereon is the feed
plate o. Below the shaft h the feed plate o depends, and at its termination is
bifurcated as shewn particularly in Figs. 3 & 5. A set screw o' placed between
the bifurcations acts as a guide to the plate o in its movements.
The handle i is
connected to the free end of the crank n and as said handle is revolved a rotary
movement is given to the looper shaft hand looper 9, the feed plate o is actuated
and the lower end of the connecting rod m being as aforesaid connected to the
crank n is also carried round with it (see Fig. 6) thereby in each revolution raising
and lowering the end of lever to which it is connected and giving the necessary
vertical reciprocations to the needle bar e and needle f. In the pivotal connection
of the levers and m sufficient play must be given (see Fig. 4) to allow the lower
end of lever m to describe a circle in its movement without straining the
connection aforesaid.
The thread bobbin is carried upon spindle p fixed in a socket formed
upon the arm 6 of the machine and to obtain an adjustable tension of the thread

page_text: I place around the spindle p a spiral spring 9 upon which rests a disc or plate r.
This carries the reel or bobbin, and a nut s screwed upon the upper end of
spindle p which is suitably threaded for the purpose (see particularly Fig. 2) holds
the reel or bobbin in position and allows the tension thereon to be regulated as
desired. t is the presser foot, u the presser foot bar, t¹ its spring, and the
actuating cam lever, but these being of the ordinary character require no further
description or explanation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
ion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:―
1. The improvements in sewing machines substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings
2. In sewing machines the combination and arrangement of mechanism consisting
of the fulcrummed lever l, connecting rod m, and looper shaft with crank n and
handle, all constructed and operating substantially as herein before set forth and
shewn whereby a rotary movement of said handle i gives a vertically reciprocating
motion to the needle bar and needle and a rotary motion to the looper as aforesaid.
3. In sewing machines the combined reel or bobbin holder and tension device
substantially as herein before described and shewn in the drawings.
4. In sewing machines the stand or bed a arm b work plate c standard d needle
bare looper g, looper shaft h, handle i, fulcrummed lever connecting rod m
crank n upon looper shaft h, feed plate o guide screw or stud o', reel or bobbin
spindle p tension spring q and plate or disc r and adjusting nuts, presser foot t,
spring t¹, presser foot bar u, and cam lever v all constructed, combined, arranged,
and operating, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and
shewn in the drawings.
Dated this 27th day of November 1894.
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for Applicant.