Improvements in and relating to Locks, chiefly designed for Railway-carriage Doors.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sep!., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th June, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Locks, chiefly designed for
Railway-carriage Doors.
I, NOEL COULAUD of 86, Rue d'Angoulème, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Mechanician do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
. My invention relates to locks chiefly designed for railway-carriage doors.
A lock constructed according to my said invention is essentially characterized by
the arrangement of the bolt which is so formed that it will act as a spring bolt,
falling latch and safety bolt. This bolt is of simple construction can be operated
more easily than the bolt of ordinary locks. It can be secured in the locking
position from both sides of the door but the latter cannot be opened from the
interior when the bolt is thus locked.
The construction of the lock may be varied according to its special applications
and the arrangement and shape of the different parts can be greatly modified
without departing from the essential features of the invention.
For the purpose of illustration reference is made to the accompanying drawing in
which several arrangements embodying the essential features of my invention are
represented.
In the drawing Figures 1 and 2 show the simplest form of my improved
lock. In this case the bolt, shown separately in plan Figure 3, is adapted
to turn upon a spindle 6 on which a handle is provided. This bolt fits accurately
in the plate d of the casing so that when it is in its position of rest no dust
or other material shall find access to the inside of the lock. The front-surface of
this bolt Figure 1 presents a nose e having inclined surfaces, and projecting from
the plate d of the lock. When the bolt is in the open position as shown in the
drawing it bears with its rear surface against a spring e in such manner that by
simply pushing the door the nose c acting as an ordinary spring bolt causes the
spring e to bend and this spring e as it straightens forces the bolt into the staple.
By reason of the shape of the nose c it is sufficient to push from the interior, or
pull from the exterior when it is desired to open the door, if the bolt has not been
moved back through 90 degrees upon its axis b, that is to say placed horizontally.
This arrangement is to be found in principle in all the locks constructed according
to my invention.
The arrangement shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 show the improved lock with
a device which blocks up the bolt and which constitutes one of the essential features
of my invention.
Figure 4 shows a side elevation of the bolt and the casing of the lock in an open
position.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the line 1-2 of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a similar view but seen from the opposite side of the bolt.
Figure 8 shows the same view, the bolt being in the locking position and
blocked up.
Figure 9 is a horizontal section on the line 3-4 of Figure 8.
In order to enable in this arrangement the locking to be effected from the
interior as well as from the exterior but at the same time to prevent the opening
afterivards from the interior, the handles are made of two separate parts.
The exterior handle acts directly upon the holt a whilst the interior handle can
act upon the bolt only through the medium of a lug f having a certain amount of
play as clearly shown in Figures 7 and 8.This lug engages with a corresponding

page_text: recess in the bolt and is provided with a projection h. When the lock is in the
position shown in Figures 4 and 5 the nose c on pushing the door, will leave the
springe and engage with the staple as herein before described, and on moving
the exterior handle through a quarter of a turn the bolt a assumes the position
indicated in dotted lines in Figure 5 and in full lines in Figure 8. The same result 5
may be obtained by acting upon the interior handle, but in such a case the lug f
takes this bolt with it, as represented in Figure 7.
In this motion effected from the interior the tail piece a belonging to the bolt
has commenced to recede from the spring i, which terminates in a hook or shoulder.
This spring falls back when the parts have arrived in the position indicated in 1
Figure 8 so that the tail piece h engages with the hook. The interior handle
acts only upon the lug f, the entire power brought to bear upon this handle being
exerted upon the said hook in such a manner that the lock cannot be opened
from the interior. If on the contrary the exterior handle is acted upon the tail
piece of the bolt will push the spring i again by disengaging the tail piece h from 1
the lug, thus enabling the lock to be opened. In order to permit of the bolt
being blocked for any reason I provide a safety stop piece or wedge which can be
actuated by a special key as represented in Figure 8.
I have described a lock having a spring bolt; it will be understood that my
invention is applicable with the same advantages to locks having a sliding bolt.
Figures 10 16 show special applications of
my
invention.
Figure 10 is a front view of the lock with a sliding bolt.
Figure 11 is a side view of the lock with the cover plate removed, the bolt a
being adapted to act as a simple spring bolt.
2
Figure 12 represents the same lock, its parts being in a position in which the bolt 2
is pushed back in contact with the box staple.
Figure 13 represents the same lock with the bolt in the locking position.
Figure 14 represents the arrangement with the bolt in the locking position, the
bolt being secured or blocked.
Figure 15 shows a horizontal section of the lug and the catch which acts upon
the bolt.
Figure 16 represents a perspective view of the same lug and catch.
When in this arrangement the lock operates as a spring bolt, the bolt a can be
actuated from the inside as well as from the outside by the respective handles.
3
But when the bolt is secured in the staple by one turn and a half through the 3
medium of either of the handles this bolt cannot be disengaged by the interior
handle that is to say the lock can only be opened by the exterior handle. For this
purpose the device for actuating the bolt is made of two parts and comprises a
catch and a lug located inside.
The square part of the spindle of each handle is of such a length that the interior 4
handle acts only upon the lug f whilst the exterior handle acts only upon the
catch. Thus if the lock is closed by one turn and a half as in Figure 13 and it
is to be opened from the exterior, the heel m on the catch will engage with the
spring i as it turns, then the nose n of this catch will engage with the notch 0, in
the bolt in order to carry it away to the rear and open the lock. If on the
contrary the lock is to be opened with a knob from the interior the catch cannot
be displaced because the snug p on the lug f striking against the swinging part q
prevents the circular movement of the device so that nothing is displaced.
When the bolt is to be blocked up in such a manner that the lock cannot be.
opened from the outside by the handle, a spring catch is turned with a removable 5
key, so that when it strikes against the rear side of the swinging part 9 as indicated
in Figure 14, the latter is caused by means of the heel a to oppose any circular
movement of the catch and consequently prevent the disengagement of the bolt.
In order to open the lock the bolt of which is in the locking position and blocked
up it is first necessary to disengage the swinging part 9 by turning the catch as 5
in Figure 13 through the medium of ille ramovable key and then open the same as
above stated by turning the outside handle.

page_text: It will be seen that this arrangement is only a modification of the improved lock
hereinbefore described and represented in Figures 4–9.
Dated this 14th day of September 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Looks, chiefly designed for
Railway-carriage Doors.
I, NOEL COULAUD, of 86 Rue d'Angouleme, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to locks chiefly designed for railway-carriage doors.
A lock constructed according to my said invention is essentially characterized by
the arrangement of the bolt which is so formed that it will act as a spring bolt,
falling latch and safety bolt. This bolt is of simple construction and can be
operated more easily than the bolt of ordinary locks. It can be secured in the
locking position from both sides of the door but the latter cannot be opened from
the interior when the bolt is thus blocked.
The construction of the lock may be varied according to its special applications
and the arrangement and shape of the different parts can be greatly modified
without departing from the essential features of the invention.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification and in the drawing filed
herewith, arrangements embodying the essential features of my invention are
represented the several figures being hereinafter referred to.
Figures 1 and 2 show the simplest form of my improved lock. In this case the
bolt, shown separately in plan Figure is adapted to turn upon a spindle b¸ on
which a handle is provided. This bolt fits accurately in the plate d of the casing
so that when it is in its position of rest no dust or other material can find access to
the inside of the lock.
On the front surface of this bolt Figure 1 is formed a nose or projection e having
inclined surfaces and projecting from the plate d of the lock. When the bolt is
in the open position as shown in the drawing it bears with its rear surface against a
spring e in such manner that by simply pushing the door the nose e acting as an
ordinary spring bolt causes the spring e to bend, and this spring e as it straightens
forces the bolt into the staple. For this purpose and in order to facilitate the
motion of the bolt a through the staple as shown in Figures 14 and 18 this staple
consists of a plate y comprising a rail or guide the entrance to which is flush
with the outer edge of the door frame. The form of the beak or projection c and
the arrangement of the staple will show that it is sufficient to push from inside or
pull from outside in order to open the door so long as the bolt has not been turned
through an angle of 90° about its axis b, that is to say, placed horizontally.
This arrangement is to be found in principle in all the locks constructed according
to my invention.
The arrangements shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 show the improved lock with
a device which blocks up the bolt and which constitutes one of the essential features
of my invention.
Figure 4 shows a side elevation of the bolt and the casing of the lock in an
open position.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the line 1-2 of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a similar view but seen from the opposite side of the bolt.
Thl.acad ° ham
SAMA
the halt being in the locking position and

page_text: Figure 9 is a horizontal section on the line 3-4 of Figure 8.
In order to enable in this arrangement the locking to be effected from the
interior as well as from the exterior but at the same time to prevent the opening
afterwards from the interior, the handles are made of two separate parts. The
exterior handle acts directly upon the bolt a, whilst the interior handle can act 5
upon the bolts only through the medium of a lug ƒ having a certain amount of
play as clearly shown in Figures 7 and 8. This lug engages with a corresponding
recess in the bolt and is provided with a projection h. When the lock is in the
position shown in Figures 4 and 5, the nose c on pushing the door, will leave the
springe and engage with the staple as hereiubefore described, and on moving the
exterior handle through a quarter of a turn the bolt a assumes the position indicated
in dotted lines in Figure 5 and in full lines in Figure 8. The same result may
be obtained by acting upon the interior handle, but in such a case the lugf takes
this bolt with it as represented in Figure 7.
In this motion effected from the interior the tail piece g belonging to the bolt 1
has commenced to recede from the spring i which terminates in a hook or
shoulder. This spring falls back when the parts have arrived in the position
indicated in Figure 8 so that the tail piece / engages with the hook . The
interior handle acts only upon the lug the entire power brought to bear upon
this handle being exerted upon the said hook in such a manner that the lock
cannot be opened from the interior. If on the contrary the exterior handle is
acted upon, the tail piece of the bolt will push the spring i again by disengaging
the tail piece from the lug f, thus enabling the lock to be opened. In order
to permit of the bolt being blocked for any reason I provide a safety stop piece
or wedge k which can be actuated by a special key as represented in Figure 8.
I have described a lock having a rotary bolt; it will be understood that my
invention is applicable with the same advantages to locks having a sliding bolt.
Figures 10 to 16 show the special applications of my invention.
Figure 10 is a front view of the lock with a sliding bolt.
Figure 11 is a side view of the lock with the cover plate removed the bolt a
being adapted to act as a simple spring bolt.
Figure 12 represents the same lock its parts being in a position in which the bolt
is pushed back in contact with the box staple.
Figure 13 represents the same lock with the bolt in the locking position.
Figure 14 represents the arrangement with the bolt in the locking position, the
said bolt being secured or blocked.
Figure 15 shows a horizontal section of the lug and the catch which acts upon
the bolt.
Figure 16 represents a perspective view of the same lug and catch
When in this arrangement the lock operates as a spring bolt, the bolt a can be
actuated from the inside as well as from the outside by the respective handles.
But when the bolt is secured in the staple by one turn and a half through the
medium of either of the handles this bolt cannot be disengaged by the interior
handle that is to say the lock can only be opened by the exterior handles. For
this purpose the device for actuating the bolt is made of two parts and comprises
a catch and a lugflocated inside.
The square part of the spindle of each handle is of such a length that the
interior handle acts only upon the lugwhilst the exterior handle acts only upon
the catch. Thus if the lock is closed as in Figure 13 and it is to be opened
from the exterior the heel m on the catch will engage with the spring i as it turns,
then the nose R of this catch will engage with the notch o, in the bolt in order to
carry it away to the rear and open the lock. If on the contrary the lock is to
be opened with a knob from the interior the catch cannot be displaced because
the snug p on the lugf striking against the swinging part 7 prevents the circular
movement of the device so that nothing is displaced.
When the bolt is to be blocked up in such a manner that the lock cannot be
opened from the outside by the handle, a spring catch ris turned with a removable

page_text: key so that when it strikes against the rear side of the swinging part y as indicated
in Figure 14 the latter is caused by means of the heels to oppose any circular
movement of the catch and consequently prevent the disengagement of the bolt.
In order to open the lock the bolt of which is in the locking position and
blocked up it is first necessary to disengage the swing part 9 by turning the
catch as in Figure 13 through the medium of the removable key and then open
the same as above stated by turning the outside handle.
It will be seen that this arrangement is only a modification of the improved
lock hereinbefore described and represented in Figures 4 to 9.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improved safety lock which is more particularly applicable to railway
carriage doors and which is arranged in such a manner as to be closed from inside
as well as from the outside, but which cannot be opened from inside, after the bolt
has been moved into the staple.
2. A rocking bolt constructed and arranged to act as a latch as well as a safety
lock such as shown in Figures 1 to 9 of the drawings in combination with a staple
having a helicoidal rod or guide.
3. The combination of the bolt above described with a piece or fingerf which
is inactive for a time, by means of which the lock furnished with two independent
handles cannot be opened from the inside the bolt for this purpose carrying a heel
piece g which when the outside handle is used for the purpose of opening the lock
acts upon a spring i provided with a stop piece which was held under the heel
piece of the finger, this disconnecting allowing of the lock being opened; this heel
piece however preventing the opening of the lock when on the contrary the
inside handle is used, as it only acts in this case upon the finger and therefore does
not permit of the spring being pushed in order to release the heel piece / without
which the bolt cannot be moved.
4. The combination with the arrangement above described of a piece k acting
as a stop and operated from the outside by means of a removable key in order to
be cocked under the heel of the bolt, so that the lock may not be opened with
the outer handle without the bolt having been previously disconnected by the
removable key from the stop piece k.
5. The modified lock shown in Figures 10 to 16 and comprising a bolt which
can be moved in a rectilinear direction, this bolt being combined with a projection!
and a finger which is similar and serves the same purpose as that above described
this arrangement being also combined with a rocking piece q stopping the finger f
which when it is turned from inside abuts with its projection p against a heel
pieces of the said rocking piece, to prevent the finger and hence the projection
acting on the bolt from moving; this modification comprising like that above
described two independent handles, an outer handle actuating the projection
directly by pushing the spring i by means of its heel and acting by its beak n
within the notch o of the bolt to carry the latter with it either in one direction to
move it in the staple or in the other direction to disconnect it from the latter, the
said modified lock moreover comprising a stop piece operated by means of a
removable key and designed to bear or be cocked under the rocking piece 7 to
prevent the lock from being opened with the outer handle.
"
ST1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.