IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR FINISHING AND CURRYING LEATHER
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas James Denne and August Hentschel,
both of Phoenix Works, Cambridge Road, Mile End, Middlesex,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS FOR FINISHING AND
CURRYING LEATHER.”
Sealed the 25th June 1872, and dated the 3rd May 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas James Denne
and August Hentschel at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 3rd May 1872.
We, THOMAS JAMES DENNE and AUGUST HENTSCHEL, both of
Phoenix Works, Cambridge Road, Mile End, Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERIALS
FOR FINISHING AND CURRYING LEATHER," to be as follows:-
We take casein or lactarin and dissolve it by the aid of ammonia in
water, or in boiling soap, to this we add glycerine. We make either of
these compositions warm, stir it well, and cover with it onco or more
times on one or both sides as may be desired tanned leather, preferably
with a brush, and allow it to dry.

page_text: We take also either of the compositions above shown and add to it ox-
gall, or oxgall and grease and oil, preferably the mixture of grease and oil
known in currying as "dubbin," either of these compositions we make
hot, mix them well by stirring, and when partially cooled down we cover
the leather as shown with either composition. The consistency of these
compositions we make to about that of treacle when they are cold.
If we desire to color the leather we add to the compositions coloring
matter to make it the desired color. If this coloring matter is an
earthern color it is better we find to grind it in gylcerine, and the same
may be said of some other colors as lampblack. With fluid colors as
analine the color is best added to the dissolved casein or lactarin before
mixed with the other materials. To make the composition insolublo
in water we add to it when partly cooled down bichromate of potass
in powder or solution (preferably in solution), daylight acting on this
makes it insoluble. For light colors we prefer to use instead of bi.
chromate of potass a tannin solution as alum or weak acetic acid and
oxgall, and brush, wash, or dip the leather when dry over with this. The
proportions of these compositions cannot be given, as the leather varying
in thickness tanning and grease in it will necessitate different propor-
tions of them. We prefer for this purpose casein made as shown in our
Patent No. 2464 dated 13th September 1870.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas James Denne and August Hentschel in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd November 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, Thomas 25
JAMES DENNE and AUGUST HENTSCHEL, both of Phoenix Works, Cam-
bridge Road, Mile End, Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Third day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-fifth 30
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Thomas James Denne and August Hentschel,
Her special licence, that we, the said Thomas James Denne and August
Hentschel, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others

page_text: as we, the said Thomas James Denne and August Hentschel, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
5 and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS
IN MATERIALS FOR FINISHING AND CURRYING LEATHER," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Thomas James Denne and August
Hentschel, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
) under our, or one of our or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YƐ, that we, the said Thomas James Denne and August
Hentschel, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and. in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to
say:-
This Invention relates particularly to the employment of dissolved
caseine or dissolved lactarine and glycerine as a base or material for the
finishing and currying of leather.
We take cascine or lactarine and dissolve it by the aid of ammonia in
water or in boiling soap, to this we add glycerine. We make either of
these compositions warm, stir it well, and cover with it once or more
times on one or both sides as may be desired tanned leather, preferably
with a brush, and then allow it to dry.
We take also either of the compositions above described and add to it
oxgall or oxgall and grease and oil, preferably the mixture of greaso
and oll known in currying as "dubbin," either of these compositions
we make hot, mix well by stirring, and when partially cooled down
we cover the leather as described with either composition, the con-
sistency of which we make to about that of treacle when they are cold,
If we desire to colour the leather we add to the compositions a colouring
matter to make it the desired colour. If this colouring matter is an
carthen one it is better that it be ground in combination with glycerine.
The same may be said of some other colours, as “lampblack." With

page_text: fluid colours, such as aniline, the colour is best added to the dissolved
caseine or lactarine before mixing it with the other materials. To make
the composition insoluble in water we add to it when partly cooled
down bichromate of potash in powder or solution (preferably in
solution), and allow the daylight to act upon the coating to make it 5
insoluble. For light colours we prefer to use instead of bichromate
of potash a tannin solution, as alum or weak acetic acid and oxgall, and
dip or we brush or wash the leather when dry over with this. Exact
proportions of these compositions cannot be given, as the leather varies
in thickness, the tanning and the grease in it necessitating different pro- 1
portions of the ingredients. We prefer for this purpose caseine mado
as described in the Specification of our Patent No. 2464, dated 13th
September 1870.
What we claim in this Invention is, the employment of dissolved
caseine and glycerine or dissolved lactarine and glycerine as a separate 1
body or in combination with the other ingredients mentioned for
finishing and currying leather, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas James Denne, for myself
and on behalf of the said August Hentschel, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this First day of November One thousand 2
eight hundred and seventy-two.
THOMAS TAMES DENNE
Gol