An Improved Manufacture of Chenille or Axminster Carpets, Rugs, and Mats.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 6th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 11th May, 1889
An Improved Manufacture of Chenille or Axminster Carpets, Rugs,
and Mats.
1, JAMES CRABTREE, of Douglas Mills, Heckmondwike, Yorkshire, Carpet Manu-
facturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
"
This invention has reference to an improved manufacture of what are known as
Wilton or Axminster carpets, rugs, and mats, and consists in improving the appearance
and increasing the durability of such fabrics with the use of one warp instead of two
warps, as at present considered necessary, whereby the cost of production of such
carpets will be reduced.
In order to carry out my invention I prefer that the chenille or fur weft which is
used to form the pile, should be twisted before being woven into the carpet, and instead
of using two warps as formerly, I only use one, the threads of which pass over the
chenille or fur weft and under the "backing" alternately, the result being that the
chenille or fur is not divided or opened to that extent as when two warps are. used, and
the "backing" of the carpet, mat, or rug, is not so much exposed to the surface, thus
improving the appearance thereof. By employing one warp instead of two I find that
the carpets, rugs, or mats so manufactured are as strong and durable, if not more so,
than when two warps are used; they are also improved in appearance, so that besides
considerably enhancing the market value of this class of goods, they must find more
favour with the public and command a larger sale.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, 'Agents

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Manufacture of Chenille or Axminster Carpets, Rugs,
and Mats.
I, JAMES CRABTREE, of Douglas Mills, Heckmondwike, Yorkshire, Carpet Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has reference to an improved manufacture of what are known as
chenille or Axminster carpets, rugs, and mats, and consists in improving the appear-
ance and increasing the durability of such fabrics with the use of one warp only,
instead of two or more warps, as at present, whereby the cost of production of such
carpets will be reduced.
In order to carry out my invention I use "closed" or twisted chenille or fur weft
for forming the pile and figure of the fabric, and instead of using two or more warps
as formerly, I only use one warp, the threads of which pass over the chenille or fur
weft and under the backing alternately, and also lying between the two wefts so as to
act as a stuffer warp, the result being that the chenille or fur is not divided or opened
to such an extent as when two warps are used, and the backing of the carpet, mat, or
rug is not exposed so much on the surface as hitherto, consequently the appearance of
the carpet is improved having a fuller appearance, and more flexible.
Such being the nature and object of my invention, I will now proceed to describe
the same more fully, and for that purpose make reference to the accompanying sheets of
drawings, and in order to clearly indicate the difference between my improved make
of carpet and an ordinary chenille or Axminster carpet, I will describe the present
method of making such carpets, which is illustrated in enlarged section Fig. 1 where A
represents the fur weft, B linen weft, and C is also linen weft. In making this carpet,
two or more warp beams are employed, a being the binder warp which passes under
weft B, over the fur weft A, under linen weft B, and so on alternately, but the said
warp a never gets to the back of the carpet. This backing warp b passes over the
linen B, under linen weft C, and so on alternately, such said weft & never going over
the fur weft. The stuffing warp is shewn at c, and this warp is no binder whatever,
but simply lies.flat between the two linen wefts B and C. It will be apparent that in
carpets woven in the manner just described, when any part of the backing warp B
which passes under the linen weft C becomes worn, that the said weft C will fall away
from its position, and with it, the stuffing warp would also come away, whilst in
addition to these objections, the warp a which passes over the fur weft for the purpose
of binding or keeping the fur weft in position, is very liable to break, thus setting
the fur weft A free and damaging the carpet thereby.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the manner in which I manufacture chenille or
Axminster carpets according to my invention, where A represents the closed or twisted
chenille or fur weft which forms the pile of the fabric, and B represents the woollen
0

page_text: weft which forms the back of the fabric. According to this arrangement there are
four shoots of woollen weft, for two of chenille. In making this carpet, only one
warp is employed. The drawing shews eight shoots of chenille or fur weft and
sixteen shoots of woollen weft, and to make it clearly understood how I manufacture
such carpet the warp will be divided by the healds or gear into eight sections, each of
which sections are numbered from 1 to 8 on the drawings. If, therefore, we follow
the course of the first section, number 1, we shall find that it passes over the fur
weft A and under one shoot of woollen weft c, over shoot of weft d, and afterwards
between the two wefts, thus binding the fur weft and woollen weft together, and also
acting as a stuffer warp. Section of weft No. 2 passes over the second shoot of fur
weft A, under the backing weft e, afterwards lying between the two wefts, whereby
the warp becomes a binder of both the face and back of the fabric, and also a stuffer;
section of warp 3 passing over the third shoot of fur weft and under the woollen
weft g, and sections 4 to 8 follow a like course; thus by dividing, warp into 8 sections
and passing them over and under the weft threads in the manner shewn, a strong,
flexible, and more durable carpet is made, giving to it a novel appearance, so that
besides considerably enhancing the market value of this class of goods they find favour
with the public and command a ready sale.
I wish it to be clearly understood that the single warp employed by me in the
process of manufacturing my improved carpet is somewhat novel and peculiar. The
warp passes over the chenille or fur marked A, then under the woollen weft B;
afterwards it lies between the two wefts until it is required again for either on the face
or back of the carpet, by which it will be seen that the warp becomes a binder both at
the back and front and it also acts as a stuffer or dead warp, whilst lying between the
two wefts, as will be observed by following or tracing out any one of the warps
numbered from 1 to 8; but for the sake of clearness, the position of each warp is
shewn in Figs. 4 to 11.
In diagram Fig. 3 I shew a slightly modified form of manufacture, but with only
one warp beam; as in illustration Fig. 2; in this case the warp is divided into four
sections, but each section is again divided by the harness of the Jacquard, the said
warp occupying the positions in relation to the weft as the diagram indicates. Section
of warp 1 surrounds the fur weft A, then passes under the woollen weft B. Section
of warp 2 surrounds the second shoot of fur weft and afterwards passes under the
woollen weft; section of warp 3 surrounds the third shoot of fur weft and afterwards
passes under the woollen weft; and section of warp 4 surrounds the fourth shoot of
fur weft and afterwards passes under the woollen weft; in both of which illustrations,
Figs. 2 and 3, the warp which binds the fur also binds the backing of the fabric.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it understood that I do
not bind myself to the number of shafts or healds employed, as those can be varied
according to material being woven, but what I claim is :-
The manufacture of an Axminster or chenille carpet, in which only one warp is
employed, such warp binding the chenille or fur weft, and also binding the backing
weft, as well as forming a stuffer warp, all arranged in the manner substantially as
shewn and described.
P
+1 1000