IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING YARN OR THREAD
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd, of Shettleston,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Engineers, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, DOUBLING, AND TWISTING
YARN OR THREAD."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Boyd and Thomas
Alexander Boyd at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th
August 1880.
JOHN BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Shettleston, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING,
DOUBLING, AND TWISTING YARN OR THREAD."
This Invention comprises further improvements in the details of machinery of
some of the kinds or for some of the purposes described in the Specifications of
Patents granted to the present applicants or to one of them, and of the following
official numbers, namely:-No. 2226, of 1873; No. 4119, of 1874; No. 790, of
1877; No. 4241, of 1877; No. 2404, of 1878; No. 2953, of 1879; and No. 323,
of 1880.
One improvement relates to the winding of yarn or thread in the cop form, and
consists in modifying the form of an inclined guide described in the first of the
earlier Specifications hereinbefore referred to, as for controlling the action of a
weighted lever applying an end-on pressure to the winding spindle. The object
of this modification is to remove or diminish the end-on pressure at the com-
mencement of a winding operation in order to obtain a better formation of the cop
bottom, particularly when the cop is wound on a tube or spindle, and for this
purpose the inclined guide is provided with a part which is horizontal or less
inclined than the main part, and which diminishes the action of the weight. In
some cases the altered part may even be made with a slight reversed inclination.
A second improvement relates to a modification of the applicants' machines
made with upper and lower sets of winding details, which may be arranged either

page_text: for single winding or for doubling. The improvement consists in part in dispensing
with the middle longitudinal rail of the framing and in carrying the bobbin holders
and other details on strong brackets extending from the top rail to the bottom
rail. In connection with this arrangement the traverse guides are carried by a
longitudinal bar of a tubular form, and occupying a position between the upper
and lower winding details. In this way a single traverse bar is made to serve
four rows of bobbins, an upper row and a lower row, on each side of the machine.
The traverse bar is supported and guided at intervals between its ends by transverse
arms fixed on it and fitted with rollers at their ends to rest and move on short
guide brackets fixed to the intermediate transverse vertical frames or spring frames
of the machine.
This
A third improvement is applicable to the clearers used with the single-winding
or doubling machines when the winding is effected by drums acting directly on the
bobbins, as in the machine last herein before referred to and in others.
improvement consists in mounting a clearer for each yarn or thread or a clearer
serving for two or more yarns or threads so as to serve as a detector lever for
stopping the winding action whenever a knot or snarl on a yarn or thread encounters
it. The clearer is suitably balanced so as to turn easily on its axis, and effects the
desired stoppage when required by causing the insertion of a slip between the
driving drum and the bobbin; this slip being either a separate slip or the slip
which in various of the applicants' arrangements is made to operate in the same
way on a yarn or thread breaking or failing. When the clearers are made as
described in the last of the earlier Specifications hereinbefore referred to, the slits
are formed in them according to the present Invention by inserting chill plates of
steel or other suitable metal in the moulds in which they are cast. This improve-
ment saves the labor of afterwards cutting the slits, and at the same time hardens
the edges so as to render them more durable.
A fourth improvement relates to the modification of the applicants' machinery in
which twisting is combined with winding, and which is described in the last of the
earlier Specifications herein before referred to. In carrying out this improvement
the vertical rod, which when the detector stopping details come into action rises so
as to lift the top feeding roller, is placed so as to pass inside of the front rail of the
framing and through a hole in the top of the rail, and the horizontally sliding
piece carrying the catch plate which engages with the catch plate of the vertical
rod is formed with a round pin at its front end, which passes through a slot in
the vertical rod and through a guide hole in the front flange of the rail, the whole
forming a compact arrangement, whilst the projecting pin can be conveniently
pushed in for stopping the action by hand when required. The lever on the
sliding piece is made with three arms, a vertical one for the attachment of the
detector cords, a horizontal one to be acted on by the wiper shaft, and an
opposite horizontal one to receive an adjustable counterweight, which is in the
form of a metal helix held in place by a pin. The armn to which the cord or cords
.are connected has on it a cup, to which the cords are fixed, and which is held by a
screw, and can be turned for adjusting the connection. The winding spindle has
on it a simple fast pulley to be acted on by a driving cord from a drum or pulley
on the driving shaft, and the driving of the spindle is stopped when required by
slackening the driving cord and holding it at the same time. The vertical rod
already referred to is at its lower part acted on by a lever centered on a bracket
fixed to the lower rail, and this lever is counterweighted so as to raise the vertical
rod whenever it is set free to rise by the detector action. The counterweighted
lever has adjustably fixed to it an arm carrying a roller, which, when the parts
are in position for working, bears on and tightens the driving cord, but when the
vertical rod rises this tightening roller moves so as to let the cord be slack. The
vertical rod has fixed to it a finger or lateral projection, and a stationary finger or
projection is fixed so that when the rod rises the cord becomes nipped and held
between its finger and the stationary finger. This nipping action may be

page_text: applied to either side of the cord, but it is by preference applied at the side where
the cord, when in motion, runs from the spindle to the driving drum or pulley.
In some cases two tightening rollers may be employed instead of one, these being
carried by a separate lever or disc acted on by a weight or spring so as to tend to
move in a manner to slacken the cord. The two rollers act on different parts of
the cord and on opposite sides, being held in the position for tightening by the
vertical rod, and being released when this rod rises. The nipping or holding fingers
may be set eccentrically on centre pins, so that the frictional drag of the cord upon
them may tend to make them close more firmly. A minor improvement is applied
in connection with the feeding rollers, which is advantageous for some yarns, and
which consists in leading the yarns after first passing under the top roller, thence
up to an elevated guide hook, eye, or pulley, and down again and under the roller
a second time.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 18th February 1881.
JOHN BOYD and THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of Shettleston, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING,
DOUBLING, AND TWISTING YARN OR THREAD."
Our said Invention comprises further improvements in the details of machinery
of some of the kinds or for some of the purposes described in the Specifications of
Patents granted to us, or to one of us, and of the following official numbers,
namely No: 2226, of 1873; No. 4119, of 1874; No. 790, of 1877; No. 4241, of
1877 No. 2404, of 1878; No. 2953, of 1879; and No. 323, of 1880.
Our present improvements will be most readily understood by our at once
particularly describing them with the aid of explanatory Drawings, of which two
Sheets are hereunto appended. In these Drawings the same reference numerals
are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
One improvement relates to the winding of yarn or thread in the cop form, and
consists in modifying the form of an inclined guide described in the first of the
earlier Specifications hereinbefore referred to as for controlling the action of a
weighted lever applying an end-on pressure to the winding spindle. The object of
this modification is to remove or diminish the end-on pressure at the commence-
ment of a winding operation in order to obtain a better formation of the cop
bottom, particularly when the cop is wound on a tube or spindle. Figure 1, on
Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings, is a vertical section showing the spindle 12
and parts carrying it; also the weighted lever 13, by the action of which on a
fixed inclined guide 14 the end-on pressure on the spindle 12 is regulated, the
lever 13 being jointed to a buckle or bracket 15, which loosely embraces the

page_text: spindle at each end of the driving pulley 16. For the purpose of effecting the
present improvement the inclined guide 14 is provided with a part 17, which is
either horizontal, as shown, or less inclined than the main part, and which
diminishes the action of the weight. In some cases the part 17 may even be made
or set with a slight reversed inclination. In the Figure the part 17 is shown as
consisting of a separate piece held by a screw pin passing through a slot, so
that it can be adjusted. The guide 14 may however have the part 17 cast
on it.
A second improvement relates to a modification of our machines with upper
and lower sets of drum" winding details, which may be arranged either
for single-winding or for doubling. Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section of one
of these machines with the improvements applied to it, and Figure 3 is a sectional
plan of certain parts, whilst Figure 4 is a vertical section. The improvement
consists in part in dispensing with the middle longitudinal rail of the framing, and
in carrying the bobbin holders 18 and other details on strong brackets 19,
extending from the top rail 20 to the bottom rail 21. In connection with this
arrangement the traverse guides 22 are carried by a longitudinal bar 23 of a
tubular form, and occupying a position between the upper and lower winding
details. In this way a single traverse bar 23 is made to serve four rows of bobbins,
an upper and a lower row on each side of the machine. The traverse bar 23 is
supported and guided at intervals between its ends by transverse arms 24 fixed on
it, and fitted with rollers 25 at their ends to rest and move on short guide
brackets 26 fixed to the intermediate transverse vertical frames or spring frames 27
of the machine.
A third improvement is applicable to the clearers used with the single-winding
or doubling machines when the winding is effected by drums acting directly on
the bobbins, as in the machine last herein before referred to, and in others. This
improvement consists in mounting a clearer for each yarn or thread, or a clearer
serving for two or more yarns or threads, so as to serve as a detector lever for
stopping the winding action whenever a knot or snarl on a yarn or thread
encounters it. In Figure 5, on Sheet 2 of the Drawings, a clearer 28 for two
yarns or threads is shown in plan, and in Figure 6 the same clearer is shown in
inside clevation as fixed on the detector lever, which carries it, whilst Figure 7 is
a vertical section (drawn to a smaller scale than Figures 5 and 6) showing the
combination of the detector-clearer with other parts. The clearer 28 is fixed on a
frame-lever consisting of two arms 29 curved, as seen in Figure 7, to pass up round
the inner side of the front frame rail 30, and connected at the top by a horizontal
part, to which the clearer 28 is fixed. The frame-lever 29 is centered on the
horizontal spindle or wire which carries the detector levers 31, these being centered
between the two arms 29. One of the arms 29 is at its fulcrum made with a socket
to receive a wooden lever 32, which has on its inner end a piece of rubber tubing
like the detectors 31 to act frictionally on the winding drum 33. An arm in the
line of the lever 32 projects forward from the fulcrum, and has on its front part a
helical coil of wire 34 serving as a weight, and held in position by a pin fixed in
the lever, but capable of adjustment like a screw. The clearer 28 with its levers
29, 32, is balanced so as to turn easily on its axis, and effects the desired stoppage
when required by causing the insertion of a slip 35 between the driving drum 33
and the bobbin 36, this slip 35 being either a separate slip, or the slip which in
various of our arrangements is made to operate in the same way when a yarn or
thread breaks or fails. In the modification shown in Figure 7 the slip 35 is jointed
to the vertical arm of a bell-crank lever 37, the horizontal arm of which has formed
on it a crosshead 38 that is moved downwards when either the clearer lever 32 or
any of the detector levers 31 descends, in consequence of a knot or snarl acting
on the clearer 28, or in consequence of a yarn or thread breaking or failing.
When the clearers are made as described in the last of the earlier Specifications
herein before referred to, the slits are formed in them according to our present
Invention by inserting chill plates of steel or other suitable metal in the moulds

page_text: in which they are cast. The positions of these chill plates are indicated by dotted
lines 39 in Figures 5 and 6. This improvement saves the labor of afterwards
cutting the slits, and at the same time hardens the edges so as to render them
more durable.
A fourth improvement relates to the modification of our machinery in which
twisting is combined with doubling, and which is described in the last of our carlier
Specifications hereinbefore referred to; Figure 9 is a transverse vertical section of
a combined doubling and twisting machine as made with our present improvement.
In carrying out this improvement the vertical rod 40, which, when the detector
stopping details come into action, rises by the action of a counterweighted
lever 41 so as to lift the top feeding reller 42, is placed so as to pass inside of the
front rail 30 of the framing and through a hole in the top of the rail, and the
horizontally sliding piece 43 carrying the catch plate 44 which engages with
the catch plate 45 of the vertical rod 40 is formed with a round pin 46 at its front
end, which passes through a slot in the vertical rod and through a guide hole in
the front flange of the rod 30, the whole forming a compact arrangement, whilst the
projecting pin 46 can be conveniently pushed in for stopping the action by hand
when required. Each lever on the sliding piece 43 (there being a lever for each yarn)
is made with three arms, a vertical one 47 for the attachment of the detector cord 48,
a horizontal one 49 to be acted on by the wiper shaft 50, and an opposite
horizontal one to receive an adjustable counterweight 34, which is in the form of
a metal helix held in place by a pin. Each of the arms 47 to which the cords 48
are connected has on it a cap to which the cord is fixed, and which is held by a
screw and can be turned for adjusting the connection.
The winding spindle 51 has on it a simple fast pulley 52 to be acted on by a
driving cord 53 from a drum or pulley 54 on the driving shaft, and the driving
of the spindle 51 is stopped when required by slackening the driving cord 53 and
holding it at the same time. The vertical rod 40, already referred to, is at its
lower part acted on by a counterweighted lever 41 centered on a bracket 55 fixed
to the lower rail 56, and this lever 41 raises the vertical rod 40 whenever it is set
free to rise by the detector action. The counterweighted lever 41 has adjustably
fixed to it an arm 57 carrying a roller 58, which, when the parts are in position for
working, as shown at the right-hand side of Figure 9, bears on and tightens the
driving cord 53, but when the vertical rod 40 is raised, as shown at the left-hand
side of Figure 9, this tightening roller 58 is moved so as to let the cord 53 be slack.
The vertical rod 40 has fixed to it a finger or lateral projection 59, and a stationary
finger or projection 60 is fixed to the bracket 55, so that when the rod 40 rises
the cord 53 becomes nipped and held between its finger 59 and the stationary
finger 60. This nipping action may be applied to either side of the cord 53, but
we by preference apply it to the side where the cord when in motion runs from
the spindle 51 to the driving drum or pulley 54.
In some cases two tightening rollers 58 may be used, as shown in Figure 8,
which represents a modification of the parts connected with the driving cord 53.
These rollers 58 are carried at opposite parts of a lever (or it might be a disc) 61
acted on by a weight or spring so as to tend to move in a manner to slacken the
cord 53; the two rollers 58 act on different parts of the cord 53 and on opposite
sides, being held in the position for tightening by the vertical rod 40 to which
the lever or disc 61 is connected. The nipping holding fingers 59, 60, may be set
eccentrically on centre pins, as shown in Figure 8, so that the frictional drag of
the cord 53 upon then may tend to close them more firmly upon the cord. The
details, herein before described, as for stopping the action of the driving cord 53
through the agency of the detector mechanism may be provided with a hand lever
for being moved by hand, and may be advantageously used in some cases in
which detector mechanism is not employed.
A minor improvement is applied by us in connection with the feeding rollers
42, 62, (Figure 9) which is advantageous for some yarns, and which consists in
leading the yarns after first passing under the top roller 42, thence up to an

page_text: elevated guide hook 63, eye, or pulley, and down again and under the roller 42
a second time.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, we have to state that we do not restrict ourselves to the
precise details herein described or delineated, but that what we believe to be novel
and original, and claim as the Invention secured to us by and in terms of the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1. The improvement hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 1 of the
accompanying Drawings, and consisting in the modification of the guide (14) so as
to obtain a better formation of the cop bottom.
"
2. The improved construction of drum" winding machine with upper and
lower sets of winding parts on each side carried by central vertical brackets, and
with a single central longitudinal traverse bar, supported at intervals by transverse
arms fitted with rollers to rest and run on guides fixed at the sides of the machine,
substantially as herein before described.
3. The adapting of clearers to "drum" winding machines so as to cause the
stoppage of the winding action by inserting a slip between the drum and
bobbin when there are knots or snarls on the yarn or thread, the clearers being
for that purpose arranged and combined with other parts, substantially in the
manner hereinbefore described.
4. The casting of the clearers in moulds in which chill plates are set to form
the slits and harden their sides, as herein before described.
•
5. The arranging or combining together of the vertical rod (40), the horizontally
sliding piece (43, 46), the detector levers (47, 49), and the wiper shaft (50) in the
improved manner hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 9 of the
accompanying Drawings.
6. The combination of parts for driving and stopping the spindle (51) herein-
before described with reference to Figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying Drawings,
and consisting of the simple pulley (52) fast on the spindle, the driving cord (53),
and the mechanism for holding or slackening, or both holding and slackening, the
driving cord.
7. The combination of the three feed rollers (42, 62, 62) with a guide (63) at
some distance above them, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Boyd and Thomas Alexander Boyd,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty-one.
THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD. (L.S.)