Improvements in Rudders
Year: 1898

page_text: I, ARTHUR DAULBY WEDGWOOD, of Dennystown Forge, Dalreoch, in the County of
Dumbarton, Forge-master do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of rudders by which
certain advantages are obtained.
As usually constructed the rudder consists of a plate carried by a post which is
attached to the rudder stock by means of a flange or coupling with a joint in a
horizontal or vertical plane, and my invention relates specially to a manner of form-
ing the connection by which a strong and simple construction is obtained and one
which allows the rudder to be easily disconnected and unshipped while the ship is
either afloat or in dock.
For this purpose I form the lower part of the stock and the upper part of the post
in a plane co-incident with the plane of the rudder-plate and united by means of a
scarphed joint cutting diagonally across this plane and secured by bolts or other
fixtures. This scarph may either run completely across the joint or may be
returned at an angle to the diagonal line at both ends so as to forin an interlocking
joint.
To unship a rudder supplied with my invention it will only be necessary to remove
the connecting bolts at the joint, turn the rudder to port and the stock to starboard
(or vice versa), which will admit of the rudder being lifted sufficiently high for the
pintles to clear the gudgeons on stern frame and to unship the rudder without dis-
turbing the stock or steering gear.
Dated this 4th day of July 1898
"
Improvements in Rudders."
I, ARTHUR DAULBY WEDGWOOD, of Dennystown Forge; Dalreoch, in the County
of Dumbarton, Forge-master, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
> ascertained in and by the following statement:-that is to say:
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of rudders of which cer-
tain advantages are obtained. As usually constructed the rudder cousists of a plate
071

page_text: carried by a post which is attached to the rudder stock by means of a flange or
coupling with a joint in a horizontal or vertical plane, and my invention specially
relates to a method of forming the connection between the rudder post or lower part
of the stock and the upper part of the stock, by which a strong and simple construc-
tion is obtained allowing the rudder to be easily disconnected and unshipped while
the ship is either afloat or in dock.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may
be properly understood I hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings to be
hereinafter referred to in describing my improvements.
Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1, of the accompanying drawings is an end elevation and
Figure, 2, is a side elevation of a rudder provided with my improvements.
Figures, 3, and 4, are views on an enlarged scale similar to Figures, 1, and 2, of
the upper part of the rudder.
.
Figure, 5, on Sheet, 2, is a view similar to Figure, 4, and showing another modifi-
cation of my improvements. In these drawings the same reference letters are used
to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
In carrying out my invention I form the lower part, A, of the rudder stock, S,
and the upper part, B, of the rudder post, P, in a plane co-incident with the plane of
the rudder plate, C, the parts being united in the form of a scarphed joint, D, cut-
ting diagonally across the vertical plane. The scarph does not run completely across
the joint, D, but is returned at an angle to the diagonal line at both ends, E, and, F,
so as to form an interlocking joint. If preferred-however-the-interlocking forma
tion may be dispensed-with-and-the-searph carried completely-nerese-the-joint.
The parts, A, and B, are connected by a suitable number of screwed bolts, G, fitted
with locking plates, H, to prevent the loosening of the nuts, J. The upper pintle, K,
which is formed with a locking head or stop, L, instead of being made separate as
shown in Figures, 2, and 4, may, if preferred, be made in a piece with the rudder
stock, S, as in the modification shown in Figure, 5, the stock being suitably shaped
ou its inner side to meet the required alteration. The stop (L) in this modification
is made in the form of a gland piece, R, which is fixed to the rudder post, P, and
plate, C, immediately under the top gudgeon, M, shown in dotted lines. The rudder
may be simply and conveniently disconnected and unshipped by removing the con-
necting bolts, G, and the upper pintle, K, or the stop piece, R, if the rudder is
made according to the modification shown in Figure, 5. The rudder plate, C, and
post, P, having the upper scarphed part, B, and the stock, S, having the lower
scarphed part, A. are then turned in opposite directions thus admitting of the rudder
being lifted sufficiently high for all the pintles, K, to clear the gudgeons, M, on the
steru frame, N, and thereby enabling the unshipping to be performed without dis-
turbing the steering gear. With When the scarph joint is made with interlocking
ends, the upper part S of the rudder stock has to be raised to a very small extent to
allow of the upper and lower parts being turned in opposite directions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
Forming the lower and upper parts of a rudder stock in a plane co-incident
with the plane of the rudder plate, and uniting the parts so as to form -plain- or
an interlocking scarphed joint, the parts being. bound together by screw bolts the
parts of the joint being shaped and combined substantially in the manner herein-
before described and shown in the accompanying drawings."
Dated this thirty first day of March 1899
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1898-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1898
Improvements in Gas Cooking Stoves.
I, THOMAS CLARK WILSON, of Fife Street, Christchurch, Canterbury, in the
Colony of New Zealand, Tinsmith and Gas Fitter, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
This invention relates to certain improvements in gas heated stoves adapted
for roasting, baking, and other cooking purposes, the object being, (1) to utilize
the waste products of combustion and also the heated air which in ordinary open
topped stoves is lost, for the purpose of heating water in a suitable boiler, so that a
supply of hot water may be always available when the stove is in use and (2) to
more equally distribute the heat in the oven by placing suitable burners centrally
across the bottom of oven instead of around the sides, as in stoves of this class
now in general use.
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings
wherein; -
Fig. 1. is a front elevation of a stove constructed according to my improvements.
Figs. 2 and 3. are elevations in vertical section on planes at right angles to
one another.
Fig. 4. is a horizontal section of the lower portion of same.
Fig. 5. is a plan of the top of stove, the boiler and covering plates for openings
over burners, being removed.
Fig. 6. is a plan of top, with the boiler in position, and the openings over burners
closed with the covering plates.
The stove top A is provided with a chamber B closed in on its three outer sides,
but open on its inner side and top, and provided with an inlet aperture (a) at
bottom to which the flue pipe (b) (hereafter referred to) from oven, is connected.
Over the chamber B a suitable boiler C is placed, provided with a jacket (c).
forming a hot chamber (d) around its four sides, and having an outlet (e); the
bottom edge of the jacket (c) fits into a rebate formed around the chamber B.
The stove top A is provided with an opening over each burner or set of burners;
the opening over the grilling burners (f) being preferably square or rectangular,
and provided with covering plates (g), the usual " grid" being fitted over the
burners.
The openings over the other burners are provided preferably with rings (2)
and covering plates (2) or small grids may take the place of the plates (2) when
a small cooking vessel is being employed; these plates and grids may be inter-
changeable so as to answer for either of the burners.
The openings over the burners not in use, of course should be closed in order
to confine the heat.
By closing all the openings over the burners (as shown in Fig. 6) the whole
of the top can be used as a hot plate if desired.
The top A is provided with a rim (k) on under side and (preferably) dividing
plates or ribs (1) for conducting the heated air and waste products of combustion
into the chamber B.

page_text: A cavity (m) is formed over the oven D and an inlet aperture (n) in front, to
allow the heated air and products of combustion to pass from the oven through said
cavity, and thence, by means of the flue pipe (b), conducted into the chamber B,
and round the boiler C, passing out at the outlet pipe (e).
It will be readily perceived that the greater part of the heated air generated
by the top burners, and also the waste products of combustion are conducted,
by means of the plates or ribs (1) to the chamber B, while the heated air and
products of combustion are conducted from the oven to said chamber also, and
thus utilized for heating water in the boiler C.
Thus a good supply of hot water may be always available when either portion
of the stove is in use.
When the grilling burners (f) and the burner behind it are in use, the heated
air passing therefrom, on its way to the chamber B, is sufficient to enable a kettle
of water placed over the burner to the left of grilling burners, to be boiled without
requiring the burners under it to be lighted.
Burners (o) (preferably detachable) are placed centrally across the bottom of
oven D in any direction, (preferably from front to back) instead of around the
sides, each being provided with a suitable number of holes, nipples or burners
on each side, but preferably with a greater number on the outer side than on the
inner side, in order to equalize the heat, thus if eight holes, nipples or burners
are on the inner side, sixteen should be preferably on the outer side of each burner,
but these relative numbers may be varied.
By so placing these burners a greater temperature can be obtained in less time
and with a smaller consumption of gas, than with burners placed around sides.
Covering plates or shields (7) are placed over these burners to prevent them
from being choked by the dripping fat from the meat whilst cooking, or from
any other cause.
Having now particularly. described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In gas stoves adapted for cooking purposes.
The stove top A having a chamber B over which is placed a detachable boiler C
having a jacket (c) forming a hot chamber (c) surrounding its four sides, and
provided with an outlet pipe (e); the underside of said top having a rim (k) and
(preferably) dividing plates or ribs (1) for conducting the heated air and waste
products of combustion to the chamber B; a flue pipe (b) being connected to
cavity (m) over the oven D and to the underside of chamber B for conducting
the heated air and waste products of combustion from oven to said chamber,
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
2. In gas stoves such as described.
The burners (o) (preferably detachable) being fitted centrally across bottom
of the oven in any direction (preferably from front to back) instead of around
the sides, each being provided with a suitable number of holes, nipples or burners
on each side, but preferably with a greater number on the outer side than on the
inner side, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings.
Datel this 4th of T..1.. 1000
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.