IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRICS AND IN RENDERING THE MATERIALS WITH WHICH THEY ARE FILLED AND COLOURED IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE NON-DELIQUESCENT OR WATERPROOF, AND IN OTHERWISE COLOURING SOME OF SUCH MATERIALS OR FABRICS IN COM- BINATION WITH OR WITHOUT SUCH DELIQUESCENT COMPOUNDS." PROAL
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul Rapsey Hodge, of 7, John Street, Adelphi,
in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRICS AND
IN RENDERING THE MATERIALS WITH WHICH THEY ARE FILLED AND COLOURED
IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE NON-DELIQUESCENT OR WATERPROOF, AND
IN OTHERWISE COLOURING SOME OF SUCH MATERIALS OR FABRICS IN COM-
BINATION WITH OR WITHOUT SUCH DELIQUESCENT COMPOUNDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Paul Rapsey Hodge at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th February 1871.
I, PAUL RAPSEY HODGE, of 7, John Street, Adelphi, in the City of
3 Westminster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE
FABRICS, AND IN RENDERING THE MATERIALS WITH WHICH THEY ARE FILLED AND

page_text: COLOURED IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE NON-DELIQUESCENT OR WATERPROOF,
AND IN OTHERWISE COLOURING SOME OF SUCH MATERIALS OR FABRICS IN COMBINATION
WITH OR WITHOUT SUCH DELIQUESCENT COMPOUNDS," to be as follows :-
These improvements consist in treating of the cloths now manufactured,
known under the denomination of book cloths, or transparent tracing
cloths, or opaque label or parchment cloths, and in rendering such cloths
waterproof on their present deliquescent surfaces, and then recalendering
them.
Or I fill such cloths as above stated with mediums wholly of a non-
deliquescent nature, and without the use of size or starch.
And in the manner of treating and combining such non-deliquescent
materials to be used either with or without colouring matter.
Chapter 1.-I take an ordinary tracing cloth such as is now manu-
factured, either before it is calendered or afterwards, I pass with a brush
or otherwise over its surface a varnish or compound containing bleached
gum, shellac, or gum kowrie, separate or combined, dissolved in alcohol
(methylated or otherwise)- 60° O. P. This solution may be tempered
and varied in any proportion of solvent and gum best suited to the kind
of cloth under treatment. When' the coating of varnish so described is
'dry, the cloth is then passed through the calendars, giving it-a face
on the surface of the medium. By this operation and treatment the
alcoholic solution enters the previous filling, which is generally size
or starch, rendering it thoroughly-non-deliquescent, and giving it a
surface, 'so that water coloured drawings may be placed thereon without
the "puckering "up of the surface.
"
Or I take 'the same kind of tracing cloth and prepare it in the following
manner-I take a hydrocarbonaceous spirit distilled from gas tar,
schist, cannel coal, or petroleum oil, and dissolve in either of those hydro-
carbonaceous fluids a minute portion of coautchouc, so as to be thoroughly
'deseminated through the spirit. I then dissolve two ounces-of-best
picked gum dammar in a gallon of spirit, or in other proportion
better suited to the article so to be treated. This makes a varnish or
medium for laying on the cloth in the manner previously described, and
When dry it is chèred.
.
Or I take either of the before-mentioned solutions, and All the cloth
with them instead of the size or starch as before described, and 'then
calendar the cloth afterwards.

page_text: Or I use the above solution in the manner described with what we
term label cloth, which is an opaque cloth filled; with china clay and
size, and in order to render the, cloth non-deliquescent, and to receive
impressions upon it I saturate it with the solutión as described above,
and after it is dry calendar the surfaces as before described.
T
I would remark that the object of using a small, portion of coautchouc
with the solution is to give a toughness to the resinous gum, but I do
not confine myself to the use of the gums herein named, as other gums
may be substituted, for effecting the purposes herein described.
Chapter 2 I furthermore, prepare, coloured, book cloths, by either of
the above, processes before or after they are calendered or embossed,
rendering them waterproof and also fastening the colours.
Or I prepare book cloths or cloths used with or without embossing for
the manufacture of fancy articles or artificial flowers in the following
manner: I combine any of the analine colours in solution with alcohol
and any of the gums that are soluble in alcohol or other hydrocarbons
or in any of the solutions herein-before mentioned, and make a coloured
varnish or medium, and use such coloured varnish on the surfaces of
such cloths to be afterwards calendered.
Or I saturate such cloths or fabrics wholly with the above solutions,
and then calender after drying them, making thereby a series of brilliant
coloured cloths adapted to a variety of fancy purposes.
Or I take analine colours, say black analine one drachm, with a
mixture of 6 or 8 drops of concentrated hydrocloric acid dissolved in
5 two ounces of alcohol 60° to 65° O. P. The resulting liquid is to be
diluted with a drachm and a half of gum arabic in 6 ounces of water, or
in like proportion for any quantity. Any of the analine colours may be
used in the same manner, so as to make a water solution for the treat-
ment of fancy cloths as herein named.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention and
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it particularly
understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details or pro-
portions herein mentioned, so long as the peculiar character of either
part of my said Invention be retained as herein set forth, but what I
5 claim is, the manner of treating such fabrics as herein described and set
forth for the various purposes mentioned.

page_text: I
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Paul Rapsey Hodge in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st June 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Paul
RAPSEY HODGE, of 7, John Street, Adelphi, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Paul Rapsey Hodge, Her special
licence, that I, the said Paul Rapsey Hodge, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Paul Rapsey Hodge, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN RENDERING THE
MATERIALS WITH WHICH THEY ARE FILLED AND COLOURED IN THE PROCESS OF
MANUFACTURE NON-DELIQUESCENT OR WATERPROOF, AND IN OTHERWISE COLOURING
SOME OF SUCH MATERIALS OR FABRICS IN COMBINATION WITH OR WITHOUT SUCH
DELIQUESCENT COMPOUNDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Paul Rapsey Hodge, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Paul Rapsey Hodge, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
These improvements consist in treating of cloths now manufactured,
known under the denomination of book cloths, or transparent tracing
cloths, or opaque label or parchment cloths, and rendering such cloths

page_text: Or I fill such cloths as above stated with mediums wholly of a non-
deliquescent nature, and without the use of size or starch.
And in the manner of treating and combining such non-deliquescent
materials to be used either with or without colouring matter.
Chapter 1.-I take an ordinary tracing cloth such as is now manu-
factured, and either before it is calendered or afterwards I
pass with a
brush or otherwise over its surface a varnish or compound containing
bleached gum, shellac, or gum kowrie, separate or combined, dissolved
in alcohol (methylated or otherwise) 60° O. P. This solution may be
tempered and varied in any proportion of solvent and gum best suited
to the kind of cloth under treatment. When the coating of varnish so
described is dry the cloth is then passed through the calenders, giving
it a face on the surface of the medium. By this operation and treatment
the alcoholic solution enters the previous filling, which is generally of
size or starch, rendering it thoroughly non-deliquescent, and giving it a
surface, so that water coloured drawings may be placed thereon without
the "puckering" up of the surface.
Or I prepare the same kind of tracing cloth in the following manner :—
I take a hydrocarbonaceous spirit distilled from gas tar, schist, cannel
coal, or petroleum oil, and dissolve in either of those hydrocarbonaceous
fluids a minute portion of coautchouc, so as to be thoroughly desemi-
nated through the spirit. then dissolve two ounces of best picked gum
dammar in a gallon of spirit, or in any other proportion better suited
to the article so to be treated. This makes a varnish or medium for
laying on the cloth in the manner previously described, and when it
is calendered.
Or I take either of the before-mentioned solutions, and fill the cloth
with them instead of the size or starch as before described, and then
calender the cloth afterwards,
Or I use the above solution in the manner described with what we
term label cloth, which is an opaque cloth filled with china clay and
size, in order to render the cloth non-deliquescent, and to receive im-
5 pressions upon it I saturate it with the solution as described above, and
after it is dry calender the surfaces as before described..

page_text: I would remark that the object of using a small portion of coautchouc
with the solution is to give a toughness to the resinous gum, but, I. do
not confine myself to the use of the gums
herein named, as other gums:
may be substituted for effecting the purposes herein d'escribed.
Chapter 2. I furthermore prepare coloured book cloths by either of 5
the above processes before or after they are calendered, or embossed,
rendering the colours fast and waterproof..
Or I prepare book cloths or cloths used with or without embossing for
the manufacture of fancy articles or artificial flowers in the following
manner-I combine any of the analine, colours in solution, with alcohol 1
and any of the gums that are soluble in alcohol or other hydrocarbons,
or in any of the solutions herein-before mentioned, and make a coloured
varnish or medium, and use such coloured varnish on the surfaces of
such cloths to be afterwards calendered.
Or I saturate such cloths or fabrics wholly with the above solutions, 1
and then calender after drying them, making thereby a series of brilliant
coloured cloths adapted to a variety of fancy purposes.
Or I take analine colours, say black analine, one drachm, with a
mixture of 6 or 8 drops of concentrated hydrocloric acid dissolved in
2 ounces of alcohol, 60° to 65° O. P. The resulting liquid is to be 2
diluted with a drachm and a half of gum arabic in 6 ounces of water,
or in like proportion for any quantity. Any of the analine colours may
be used in the same manner so as to make a water solution for the
treatment of fancy cloths as herein named.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, s
andt he manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it
particularly understood, that I do not confine myself to the exact details
or proportions herein mentioned so long as the peculiar character of
either part of my said Invention be retained as herein set forth, but
what I claim is, the manner of treating such fabrics as herein described
and set forth for the various purposes mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul Rapsey Hodge, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of May, 1871.
PAUL R. HODGE. (L.S.)