Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Foul Air and Noxious Vapours or Gases.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Aug., 1891
Complete Specific tion Left, 18th May, 1992-Accepted, 18 h Jun', 1392
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Foul Air and Noxious
Vapours or Gases.
I, JOSEPH MAKINSON, of 33 Westfield Street, St. Helens, in the County of
Lancaster, Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
:-
This invention relates to apparatus for treating foul air and noxious vapours or
gases, such as produced in sewers, chemical works, or in large public rooms.
The object of my invention is to subject such foul air noxious vapours or gases
to the action of a furnace to clear them from impurities injurious to health, before
permitting them to escape into the atmosphere.
In one form of apparatus according to my invention I form in the lower part of
a chinney-stack one or more furnaces the flues from which extend some height
before opening into the main shaft. Suitable doors are provided to the furnaces
for supplying the fuel and for regulating the admission beneath the grate bars of
atmospheric air if such be required for supporting combustion. Water tanks may
also in some cases be provided.
Beneath the grate bars suitable flues are formed provided with regulating
dampers for the passage of the foul air or noxious vapours or gases to be purified
so that the whole or a portion of the foul air vapour or gas to be burnt may pass
under and through the fire. One or more by-pass flues are also provided to permit
of the discharge of the whole or part of the said foul air &c. on to the top of the
fire before entering the main shaft.
These flues may communicate with the main sewers or other place where noxious
gases are collected so that when the door beneath the grate bars is closed after the
fire has been lighted, a sufficient draft will be created to cause the gases to pass
into or through the fires as desired.
When applying my invention to an existing chimney a suitable furnace may be
built outside, the discharge flue of this furnace being carried a little distance
upward before entering the chimney so that the injurious vapours cannot enter the
chimney before being thoroughly burnt and deodorized.
The fire places may be constructed to burn coal, coke, mineral oil on asbestos or
be fired with gas according to the class of apparatus to be used.
The apparatus may if desired be modified so as to be applicable for ventilating
public buildings or like purposes.
Dated this 19th day of August 1891.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Treating Foul Air and Noxious
Vapours or Gases.
I. JOSEPH MAKINSON of 33 Westfield Street, St. Helens, in the County of
Lancaster, Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for treating foul air and
noxious vapours or gases (hereinafter referred to as impure gases) such as are
produced in sewers, chemical works and in large public rooms, the object being to

page_text: remove from such gases, before permitting them to escape into the atmosphere, the
constituent or constituents thereof injurious to health.
In one construction of apparatus according to my invention there is provided in
the lower part of a chimney stack several furnaces the exit flues from whicb extend
some height before opening into the main shaft. Each furnace is provided with
suitable doors for the supply of the fuel and for regulating the admission beneath
the fire grates of an additional quantity of atmospheric air, if such be required
for supporting combustion. Water troughs may also in some cases be provided for
catching the hot ashes that drop through between the fire bars.
In connection with the space beneath each fire grate are suitable flues provided
with dampers for controlling the passage of the impure gases to be burnt so that
the whole or a portion of such gases can be caused to pass through the fire.
One or more by-pass flues are also provided to permit of the discharge of the
whole or a part of the impure gases on to the top of the fire before entering the
main shaft.
These flues communicate with the main sewers or other places where impure
gases are formed so that when the door beneath each fire grate is closed after the
coal or other combustible therein has been lighted, a sufficient draft will be created
to cause the impure gases to pass into or through the fires as described.
When applying my invention to an existing chimney, a suitable furnace may be
built external thereto, the exit flue of this furnace being carried a little distance
upward before entering the chimney so that the impure gases cannot enter it before
being thoroughly burnt and rendered innoxious.
The fire places may be constructed to burn coal, coke, mineral oil on asbestos, or
be fired with gas according to requirement.
The apparatus may if desired be so modified as to be applicable for ventilating
public buildings or like purposes.
of
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section on the line 1-2 of Fig. 3; and
Fig. 2 is an elevation of apparatus according to this invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional plan taken on the line 2-3 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a similar plan taken on the line 4-5 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 6-7 of Fig. 6, illustrating the application
my invention to an existing chimney stack.
Fig. 6 is a sectional plan on the line 8--9 of Fig. 5.
Figs. 7 and 8 shew the general arrangement of flues and dampers to a larger
scale.
Figs. 9, 10 and 11 shew my invention applied in connection with a Cornish
. boiler.
Similar letters refer to like parts wherever they occur.
In Figs. 1 to 4 which illustrate my improved apparatus with special chimney
stack, A. A are flues placed below the ground level and connected with the sewer
or other place to be ventilated. Each of these flues is so constructed and
arranged that the impure gases drawn up by the suction of the chimney A* are
conducted directly into the closed ash pit C below the fire grate B, through a
grating D and thence through a fire maintained on the said grate, the flow of
gases being controlled by a damper E as more clearly shewn in Fig. 7, Fis
another damper by opening which the impure gases or a part thereof can be
allowed to flow through the by-pass flue A¹ and over the top of the fire, the
result in each case being that the impure gases will be burnt and rendered
innoxious before passing through the uptake flue A², formed in the lower portion
of the chimney as shewn in Fig. 1. As will be seen the flues A and A' are so
arranged that the impure gases will be thoroughly heated before escaping into the
chimney and thence into the external atmosphere. Each ash pit C is preferably
provided with the usual water trough C¹ into which the hot ashes drop from
between the grate bars. The fire places are provided with doors G fitted with
suitable air regulators not shewn to allow fresh air to enter and promote combus-

page_text: tion when the gases to be treated are very injurious. When starting the apparatus
into action the dampers E and F are kept closed and the ash pit door G₁ is kept
open until the fuel on the grate is thoroughly ignited after which the said door is
closed and the damper E or dampers E and F opened.
Around the base of the chimney A may be built as shewn a suitable covered
shed H for the use of the stokers. G2 is normally a closed doorway by means of
which an entrance can be obtained to the chimney for inspecting and repairing the
uptake flues A².
In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 each of the fire places and ash
pits C and outlet ends of the flues A are arranged outside the base of the chimney.
The construction of the flues and the arrangement of the dampers in this arrange-
ment is similar to that previously described."
The flues A, A may be connected either to the ventilating sewer pipes or pipes
placed inside a building for the purpose of creating a circulation of air therein.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 J, J are two vertical
casings each connected at its lower end to one of the flues A and at its upper end
to a horizontal casing J' which is fixed directly in front of the ash pit C within the
boiler flue. Each of the casings J, J is provided with a damper K so that
the impure gas can be shut off whilst cleaning the fires or removing ashes from
the ash pit C for which latter purpose the casing J is provided with doors J2 as
shewn. The fire places should in each case be placed as high as convenient above
the sewer or other place which it is desired to ventilate and the impure gases from
which are to be rendered innoxious..
It is to be understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details of con-
struction described and shewn as the same can be slightly modified to suit different
circumstances without departure from the essential features of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
For treating impure gases for the purpose of rendering the same innoxious
apparatus constructed with one or more fire places arranged at the base of a
chimney and having or each having its ash pit in communication with a flue
provided with one or more dampers whereby the impure gases flowing through
said flue can be directed below or above or partly below and partly above the
corresponding fire place, so that they will be burnt on their way to and before
entering the chimney substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
respectively to and shewn in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive and Figs. 7 and 8, in Figs. 5
and 6 and in Figs. 9 to 11 inclusive of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 17th day of May 1892.
JOSEPH MAKINSON.