IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING, REDUCING IN SIZE, AND MIXING ARTICLES OF GROCERY
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Savage, of Nos. 42 and 43, Eastcheap, in the
City of London, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR SEPARATING, REDUCING IN SIZE, AND MIXING ARTICLES OF GROCERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Savage at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd December 1860.
I, ALFRED SAVAGE, of Nos. 42 and 43, Eastcheap, in the City of London,
5 Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING, REDUCING IN SIZE, AND MIXING ARTICLES OF GROCERY,"
to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to a machine of a compound character made up
of several different parts conjoined together (though some may be used when
separated from the others), the original machine being known as Savage's
noiseless machine for sifting tea and cutting the large leaves at the same time,
and being subject (in manner described in the Specification) of Letters Patent,
No. 1877, An. Dom. 1855.
I construct the vessel or vessels in which the tea or other substances are to
be treated with apertures, so that it may act as a sieve or separator of part of
such substances whilst mixing or otherwise treating the remaining portions;

page_text: and I have the said vessel or vessels, used for mixing teas, dressing or other-
wise treating raisins and other articles of grocery, and separating portions
thereof at the same time, with less than eight angles; I apply a slower motion
to the said vessel, & making the same to revolve slower than the motion of the
shaft to which the moving force that impels it is applied; and I use suitable
guides for preventing those portions of the substances which escape through
the perforations or apertures in said vessel when revolving being projected to
without the case or frame thereof; I admit currants into the vessel, for
dressing them, above the centre of the said sieve; I use one or more rollers
above, or two or more rollers below, the centre of the said vessel, for the
purposes of breaking the masses of, and regulating the rate of admission of,
currants to said vessel; and I have a stirrer for preventing the currants in
the said vessel clogging its apertures. I secure the said vessel in its required
position without using the removable end plate for that purpose, the said end
plate being secured in its required position by less than three operations. I
construct the frame of case thereof so that the receiver or part which receives
the substances after they have been acted on may be taken out of the sides.
I place the spring or springs which are connected with the lever, to which a
knife or knives are affixed for the purpose of chopping loaf sugar, so that the
lever cannot touch said spring or springs. I substitute for said lever and
knives a knife or knives moved in right lines in or on suitable guides, and
projecting without said guides, and I connect such knife or knives with a
revolving or partially revolving crank by attaching the rod or other connecting
material to such knives within such guides. The supports for the loaves of
sugar are constructed so that the said loaves shall rest on four or fewer por-
tions of their surfaces. The knife or knives, and the roller or rollers of that
portion of the said machine which cuts the coarse leaves of tea, I make sepa-
rable from each other, when the said portion is constructed on Hebert's Patent,
without unfixing the screws which contain the said knife or knives or removing
the bearings on which said roller or rollers are supported.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the
year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Alfred Savage, Her special licence that I, the said Alfred Savage,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Alfred Savage, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING, REDUCING IN SIZE, AND MIXING ARTICLES OF GROCERY,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Savage, iny
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Savage, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
(1.) The nature of this Invention, as already set forth in the Provisional Speci-
fication left and recorded on application for the said Letters Patent, consists
in this, viz. This Invention relates to machinery which, although capable of
being used in its combined form, is made up of several different parts which may
be used alone when separated from the others. The original machine being i
known as Savage's noiseless machine for sifting tea and cutting the large
leaves at the same time, and being the subject (in manner described in the
Specification) of Letters Patent, No, 1877, Anno Domini 1855, which machine
is already known and in public use.
To effectuate this Invention (1) I construct the vessel or vessels, in which
the tea or other substances to be treated, with apertures, so that it may act
as a sieve or separator of part or parts of such substances while mixing
or otherwise treating the remaining portions; (2) and I construct the said
vessel or vessels used for mixing tea, dressing or otherwise treating raisins
and other articles of grocery, and separating portions thereof at the same
time, with less than eight angles; (3) and I apply a slower motion to the

page_text: said vessel, making the same to revolve slower than the motion of the shaft to
which the moving force that impels it is applied; (4) and I use suitable guides
for preventing those portions of the substances which escape through the per-
forations or apertures in the said vessel, when revolving, being projected to
outside the frame or case thereof; (5) also I admit currants into the vessel,
for dressing them, above the centre of the said sieve; (6) also I use one or
more rollers above, or two or more rollers below, the centre of the said vessel,
for the purposes of breaking the masses of, and regulating the rate of, admis-
sion of currants to said vessel; (7) and I have a stirrer for preventing the
currants in said vessel clogging its apertures; (8) also I secure said vessel in
its required position without using the removable end plate for that purpose;
(9) the said end plate being secured in its required position by less than three
operations; (10) also I construct the frame of case thereof so that the receiver,
or part which receives the substances after they have been acted upon, may be
taken out at the sides; (11) also I place the spring or springs which are
connected with the lever, to which a knife or knives are affixed for the purpose
of chopping loaf sugar, so that the said lever cannot touch said spring or
springs (12) also I substitute for said lever and knives a knife or knives
moved in right lines in or on suitable guides, and projecting to without said
guides; (13) and I connect said knife or knives with a revolving or partially
revolving crank by attaching-the-rod-or-other_connecting material to such
knives within such guides; (14) the supports for the loaves of sugar to be cut
up are so constructed that the said loaves shall rest on four or fewer portions
of their surfaces; (15) the knife or knives, and the roller or rollers of that
portion of the said machine which cuts the coarse leaves of tea, I make separable
from each other, when the said portion is constructed according to Hebert's
Patent, without unfixing the screws which retain the said knife or knives or
removing the bearings in which the said roller or rollers are supported.
(II.) Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, I now proceed
to describe in what manner the same is to be performed, to do which it will
only be necessary to point out the differences of construction between the
present machinery and the machinery already known and now in public use,
and which should be referred to pari passu.
(1) I prefer to effect the first of the said improvements by covering a
portion or the whole of the periphery of said vessel with woven wire; and
(2) to effect the second improvement by making the said vessel a hexagonal
prism; and (3) to effect the third improvement by communicating motion to
said vessel by two or more toothed wheels, the smaller of which is affixed to
the driving shaft, and the larger to said vessel; and (4) to effect the fourth of

page_text: said improvements by constructing guides of sheet iron or other material rising
sufficiently high (for instance, as high as the top surface of the said machine),
so as to prevent the substances operated on in said vessel from being projected
over such guides; and (5) I prefer to effect the fifth of said improvements by
making an aperture for the purpose (which can be closed at pleasure) in the
periphery of said vessel; and (6) I prefer to effect the sixth improvement by.
placing said roller or rollers in a vertical trunk or pipe fixed above the
said upper aperture in the periphery of said vessel; and (7) I prefer to effect
the seventh improvement by attaching a piece of metal of triangular form to a
shaft revolving within said vessel; and (8) I prefer to effect. the eighth im-
provement by bolting with screw bolts the said vessel to its frame or case, so
that it may not be loose when the eud plate which forms one of its ends is
removed; and (9) I prefer to effect the ninth improvement by fixing the said
end plate by one or two.bolts sliding into sockets; and (10) I prefer, to effect
the tenth improvement by constructing the frame or case in which said vessel
is supported with openings at one or both sides thereof, to allow the drawer
or vessel which receives the substances operated on in said vessel to be
withdrawn through said apertures; and (11) I prefer to effect, the eleventh
improvement by placing two springs, one on each side of said lever, sufficiently
apart that said lever may not touch them; and (12) I prefer to effect the
twelfth of said improvements by fixing two cylindrical iron bars or guides on
an iron base, so that the knife or knives, or the part of the apparatus to which
said knife or knives are attached, may slide freely on said bars or guides; and
(13) I prefer to effect the thirteenth of said improvements by forming the
part which slides on the said bars or guides with an opening to receive a
connecting rod between the two sockets in the sliding piece or part which
slides in the said guides; and (14) I prefer to effect the fourteenth of said
improvements by casting in metal a bed for a loaf of sugar to lie upon, with
projecting supports on its upper surface, not more than two of which projecting
supports shall be in the same plane, the third, or third and fourth, supports
being the bed itself, as thus:-

page_text: (15) I prefer to effect the fifteenth of said improvements by forming the said
removable knife with two cylindrical projections fitting into the frame which
supports said roller, and allowing said removable knife, when in use, to rest
against a stop, but said knife to be capable of being elevated by a lever or
otherwise when needful to do so, for the purpose of separating said knife and
roller.
N.B. The above are simply statements of the methods I prefer for effecting
the said improvements, but I do not limit myself to the precise methods
herein specified.
(III.) Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare
that I claim the Invention the nature and character whereof is set forth in the
outset (marked I) of this my Specification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Savage, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of June, in the year of our Lord
1861
Signed and sealed in my presence,
F. W. CAMPIN, Patent Agent,
156, Strand.
ALFRED SAVAGE. (L.S.)