Objects having a Limited and Adjustable Discharge.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 30th Aug., 1887,
Objects having a Limited and Adjustable Discharge.
We, JOSEPH KRETSCHMANN and JOSEPH PAGE GOULSON of 101 Königgrätzer
Strasse in the City of Berlin in the German Empire Royal Architect & Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of our Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a flushing cistern for water closets and similar objects and
acts automatically by means of a novel mechanism connected to the seat in such
manner that when the closet is in use, the cylinder or sucker in the cistern or reservoir
is drawn down which allows a sufficient quantity of water to be discharged to wet the
sides of the basin, thus preventing any adhesion of the excrement to the same but
directly the person rises from the seat the mechanism connected with the same is
released and the limited and adjustable flush, rushes down the discharge pipe till it
reaches the point, where air enters, which causes the sucker in the cistern to fall, thus
stopping any further discharge.
To clearly explain the nature of the invention reference is made to the accompanying
drawings in which
Fig. 1 represents a sectional side view and
Fig 1a a top view or plan of my improved apparatus.
Fig. 2 & 3 show in section constructional modifications of same.
The apparatus as shown in Fig. 1 consists of a supply cistern or reservoir
the
pedestal or cup shaped attachment n, having the shoulder d attached thereto by means
of a perforated plate.
The said cistern or reservoir contains a movable cylinder or bell shaped sucker
consisting of an outside cylinder a, which is securely fixed to an inside cylinder or
sucker b.
This inner cylinder is so constructed that it fits the pedestal n, and is made
water tight in the same by means of a leather washer, said cylinder being guided by
three cornered ribs projecting from the upper surface of the shoulder.

page_text: The outside cylinder a is suspended on the lever arm i, which has its fulcrum on the
rod, fixed to the opposite sides of the cistern or reservoir, and is actuated on the one
side by the weight 9, and on the other by the chain or cord, connected to the seat of
the closet.
The outside cylinder or bell shaped sucker is guided at the top by the arm 1, passing
through a guide fixed to the side of the tank.
In the axis of the projection or shoulder d of the pedestal n, a hole is bored in which
a small pipe c is fastened.
Besides the above described, the cistern or reservoir contains a ball valve by means
of which the tank is filled with water to about 15 millimetres from the top edge of
the inside floating cylinder. So far the apparatus is at rest. It is set in motion in the
following manner. The mechanism by which the seat is allowed to move being set
into operation & thereby the chain p, attached to the same drawn down, the top edge
of the cylinder or sucker is also drawn down with it, but before the top edge of said
inner cylinder or sucker comes under water, the bottom part presses itself over the
cylindrical part of the pedestal and thus forms a closure of the sucker.
If now the outer cylinder or sucker with the upper edge of the cylinder b be
pressed under water, the water would flow under the edge of the cylinder a, and in
forcing its way to the top edge of cylinder drives out the air through the little
pipe e as it is hindered from flowing through the shoulder or projection d and flows
as soon as it has reached the height of the said pipe c, down into the closet basin, and
wets the same during use, whereby any adhesion of the excrement is avoided.
When the seat is released the cylinders or suckers return to their original position
by means of the weight 9 the under part of the inner cylinder or sucker lifts itself
from the shoulder d, thus opening the discharge pipe, whereby the water collected in
the cylinder b, forces itself through the pedestal or cup shape under attachinent n and
through the perforated pipe located above the discharge pipe into the closet basin and
sets the suckers again in motion.
The suckers remain so long in action till the water in the cistern or reservoir
reaches the bottom edge of the outside sucker a, then air rushes in & the discharge
stops.
With the sinking level of the water in the cistern, the ball also sinks, which opens
the tap attached to same and fills the reservoir or cistern again, and the apparatus is fit
for further use.
The ball valve is made of such dimensions that the water flows very slowly through
the pipe of same, during the sharp discharge of the cistern into the closet basin.
To enable the withdrawal of the water from the cistern to be regulated I provide
the outer cylinder or sucker with suitable perforations or holes as shown in
Fig. 1, 2, which can be firmly closed by screwed plugs.
At each emptying the whole contents of the cylinder or sucker a, are discharged if
a less amount of water, during the use of the closet is required one of the afore-
mentioned perforations can be opened corresponding to the flush desired.
The cistern or reservoir can then only be discharged as far as the opened perforation
or hole.
It will be evident to those versed in the art that the following modifications may be
made without departing from the spirit of my invention.
If for instance it is desired that the flush shall be discharged by the chain or cord,
being drawn down by the hand instead of automatically by the said cord or chain
being connected to the seat which is raised and lowered by the weight of person using
same I employ the cistern or reservoir without the shoulder d, (shown in Fig. 1.) or
this can also be effected by a varied construction as shown in Fig. 2, where the float k
together with the lever and valve tap are connected with the outside cylinder or
sucker a. In this case the counter weight g, not required and the long arm 6 of the
first construction (as shown in Fig. 1) released from the cylinder or sucker a, connected
to the float k can be moved.
In the first described construction the apparatus is set in motion by pressing down
the whole cylinder or sucker, beneath the water level, in the second construction that

page_text: the level of the water is raised by the cylinder or sucker and float being forced into it,
thus causing the water to discharge itself, in the fixed long side of the cylinder or
sucker. In both constructions the action is the same. In both cases I employ also
the aforementioned openings $1, $2, $3. When the water flows from the reservoir or
cistern, the float (shown in Fig. 2) sinks with it and opens the ball or supply tap.
As the cistern fills the float rises with the level of the water and with it the
sucker & lever till a projection of the latter touches the stop r attached to the side of
the cistern, at the saine time the second arm of the lever butts against the tap thus
closing the same.
Instead of the bell sucker shown in Fig. 2 a fixed syphon or sucker can be
employed for limited flush as shown in Fig. 3, in which case, the long arm of the
said syphon is connected and fixed to the reservoir or cistern, the short arm of the
syphon, having the aforedescribed openings s¹, s2, s. This syphon or sucker is
actuated in similar manner to the one described in Fig. 2 i.e. through the rising of
the water level, by the drawing down of the float, which is however separated in
this construction from the syphon or sucker and is only connected to the lever arm i.
Its action is the same as in the construction shown in Fig. 2.
Hlaving now particularly described & ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim and
desire to secure by Letters Patent is :-
1. In a flushing cistern for water closets and other similar objects, the arrangement
of closable openings s¹, s², s³, for effecting a limited and adjustable discharge of the
flush in combination with:-
The pedestal or cup shaped attachment n, which effects the air tight closing of the
inner cylinder or sucker b, when same has reached its lowest position in the bottom
of the reservoir, said attachment n having the small pipe c for effecting an automatic
flush by drawing the sucker under the water surface, substantially as described
2. In a flushing cistern for water closets and other similar objects, the arrange-
ments of closable openings s¹, 52, 53, for effecting a limited & adjustable flush in
connection with :-
A float connected with the outer cylinder or sucker a and moved by means of the
lever i, tor immediately actuating the cylinder or sucker, by drawing the float
down & thus raising the surface of the water, substantially as described.
3. In a flushing cistern for water closets and other similar objects the arrange-
ments of closable openings s¹, s², s³ for effecting a limited and adjustable discharge of
the flush in combination with
A float k, released by the cylinder or sucker and actuated by the lever i to effect an
immediate action of the cylinder or sucker by pressing down the float, substantially as
described.
Dated this 15th day of June 1887