Improvements in Grinding Carding Engine Cylinders and Flats.
Year: 1887

page_text: Improvements in Grinding Carding Engine Cylinders and Flats.
I, JOHN BULLOUGH, Machinist, of Accrington Lancashire do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I take an ordinary flat & cover it with leather-wood-ebonite or other suitable
substance such covering being in depth or thickness about equal to the ordinary wire
covering but rather more than less. This flat is put in the chain of flats & is ground
in the ordinary way & at the same time as the ordinary flats are ground when in their
place on the Carding Engine. Thus the surface of this "dummy" flat will be ground
exactly to the same shape as the wire surfaces of the ordinary flats. It is then
covered with a strip of Emery or other grinding material & the chain of flais is
revolved till this flat comes face or grinding surface down to the cylinder & being
then let down in contact it grinds the cylinder & makes it agree or correspond with
itself & therefore with all the rest of the flats of which it is the representative or
pattern. In a modification of this plan I take an ordinary flat-any one in the series
& as I cannot cover the wire with Emery 1 cause a sheet of emery to pass under this
flat. The flat presses this emery cloth on the cylinder & so causes the cylinder to be
ground & to assume the same shape as the flat itself. The emery cloth is caused to
traverse slowly so that fresh emery surface continues to act on the cylinder. Of course
this system of using a sheet of Emery between the Flat & cylinder applies equally
well to the wood or ebonite lined "dummy "flat, & in such case the "dummy" flat
will not be covered with a strip of emery cloth.
Dated this 21st day of January 1887.

page_text: I, JOHN BULLOUGH of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster Machinist do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
It is
I take an ordinary flat and cover it with leather, wood, ebonite, or other suitable
substance, such covering being in depth or thickness about equal to the ordinary wire
covering but rather more than less. This flat is put in the chain of flats and is
ground in the ordinary way and at the same time as the ordinary flats are ground
when in their place on the Carding engine. Thus the surface of this dummy flat will
be ground to exactly the same shape as the Wire surfaces of the ordinary flats.
then covered with a strip of emery or other grinding material and the chain of flats
is revolved till this flat comes face or grinding surface down to the Cylinder and
being then let down in contact it grinds the Cylinder and makes it agree or corre-
spond with itself and therefore with all the rest of the flats of which it is the
representative or pattern. In a modification of this plan I take an ordinary flat any
one in the series and as I cannot cover the Wire with emery I cause a sheet of emery
to pass under this flat.
The flat presses this emery cloth on the Cylinder and so causes the Cylinder to be
ground and to assume the same shape as the flat itself. The emery cloth is caused to
traverse slowly so that fresh emery surface continues to act on the Cylinder, of course
this system of using a sheet of emery between the flat and Cylinder applies equally
well to the wood or ebonite lined "dummy" flat in such case the "dummy" flat will
not be covered with a strip of emery cloth.
Such being the nature and object of this my said Invention, the following is a
complete description of same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of part of card cylinder, card flats and cylinder
grinder flat.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 illustrates application of an emery sheet to face of a card flat.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a similar view to Fig. 3 but illustrating application of an endless sheet of
emery cloth to an ordinary wire covered flat or flats employed for grinding the wire
of the cylinder. Two of the flats being removed to afford clearance for the grinder
cloth.
Fig. 6 is an end elevation of Carding Engine illustrating appliances for driving or
turning the emery sheet so as to present a constant change of surface.
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of Fig. 6.
At 1 is a dummy flat covered or faced with leather, wood, ebonite or other like
substance the dummy flat and its covering being in depth or thickness about equal to
the depth or thickness of the ordinary wire covered flats but preferably rather greater
than less. The flat 1 so made is placed in the chain of flats and is ground in the

page_text: *
ordinary way and by the same means and at same time as the ordinary flats are
ground when in their working position on the Carding Engine, thus the surface of
the dummy flat will be ground exactly to the same shape and radius as the wire
surface of the ordinary flats.
The dummy 1 is then to be faced or covered by a strip or sheet of Emery cloth or
other grinding material and the cbain of flats is revolved or moved until the grinder
dummy 1 is face down or grinding surface to the Cylinder 2 and being then lowered
or let down in contact with the wire or card points on the Cylinder grinds and makes
the latter agree with the dummy, therefore with all the rest of the Hats of which the
said dummy is the representative or pattern.
Or in lieu of constructing a special or dummy flat as a grinder it is obvious I may
employ one of the ordinary flats 3 of the series and pass a sheet of emery 4 under
this the then grinder flat.
The dummy 1 or the flat 3 being lowered to and bearing upon the cards 5 of the
Cylinder 2 and the latter revolving, the cards are thus ground by and will correspond
exactly to the face and form of the grinder flat. Either the emery cloth may be
mounted upon stretching and holding rollers 6. 7 and which rollers may from time to
time be moved or turned so as to present a change of the cloth 4 to the cards 5 being
ground or an endless sheet of emery cloth 4 (see Figs. 5 and 6) may be employed
and be caused slowly to travel and give a constant change of grinding surface by
means of the pulley 8 strap pulley 9 and wheels 10. 11 which drive the stretching
roller 7.
When using a sheet of emery or other grinding cloth it will be understood that the
chain of flats must be stationary and that the emery or other cloth grinding face for
the flat need not of necessity be confined to one flat as it may be applied to two or
more of the flats so likewise it may be applied to a special or dummy flat as I do not
limit the use of the emery or grinding cloth to one or more grinding flats.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A grinder flat or flats composing part of the chain of flats and in combination
with the ordinary flats when applied to and for grinding the Wire or Cards on the
cylinder as hercin set forth and illustrated by annexed drawings.
2. In a Carding Engine, the movable or the travelling emery or grinder cloth such
as shewn by Figs. 3 and 5 in connection and combination with a specially constructed
dummy flat, or "dummy" flats, or with an ordinary wire covered flat or flats, for
grinding the wire or cards on the card cylinder as illustrated and herein fully
described.
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