IMPROVEMENT
Year: 1882

page_text: the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th August 1882.
JEAN NADAL of Southampton Row in the County of Middlesex
IN FOUNTAIN PENS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This invention relates chiefly to improvements on the Stylographic pen for which
I obtained Letters Patent dated June 3rd 1881 No. 2451, the object being 1st to
overcome the friction which prevents the writing rod in the stylographic pen from
working with facility and 2nd to avoid the necessity in all kinds of fountain pens
for unscrewing the cap to allow air to pass into the pen before using and screwing
the cap down again when the pen is not used in order to prevent the escape of
the ink from the pen.
In carrying out the first part of my invention I form the writing rod in two
parts and I connect the two parts by a flexible joint which will allow of a slight
endway motion being given to the lower or writing point end of the rod. The
valve for regulating the flow of ink as described in the specification of the patent
above referred to I secure to the lower portion of the rod. The remaining parts in
connection with the writing rod are the same as those described in the said
specification and further reference thereto is unnecessary. By forming the writing
rod as above described all friction will be avoided except where the lower portion
of the writing rod projects through the hollow conical point of the stylographic
pen, the upper end of the writing rod being securely held centrally in the air tube.
The second part of my invention which is applicable to all kinds of fountain
pens consists in forming at the upper end of the barrel of the pen a chamber to the
bottom of which is connected the air tube. Projecting downwards into tho
chamber from the top is a second tube of say two thirds the depth of the chamber.
Air is admitted through a hole in the top of the chamber and passes through the
tube in the chamber to the air tube in the barrel. Any ink that enters the air tube,
instead of running out at the air hole as in other pens of like character, will be
caught and retained in the chamber.
The above arrangement of air tubes gives a direct passage through the pen and
the air tubes can be readily cleaned out when required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Jean Nadal in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th February
1883.
JEAN NADAL of Southampton Row in the County of Middlesex
IN FOUNTAIN PENS"
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention relates chiefly to Improvements on the Stylographic Pen for
which I obtained Letters Patent date June third One thousand eight hundred
and eighty one N° 2451 the object being, first, to overcome the friction which
prevents the valve rod in the stylographic pen from working with facility; and,
second, to avoid the necessity in all kinds of fountain pens for unscrewing the cap
to allow air to pass into the pen before using and screwing the cap down again
when the pen is not used in order to prevent the escape of the ink from the pen.
In the accompanying drawing Fig: 1 is a longitudinal section through the centre
of the pen Fig: 2 is a detached view on an enlarged scale of the valve rod.
a is the external case, 6 the air tube, d is the hollow conical point, e is the
controlling or valve rod for regulating the flow of ink to the point d and which
carries a valve f.-g is a disc carried by the rod c and against which bears the
lower end of the air tube b and serves as an abutment for a spring h. i is a sleeve
which fits into the upper part of d.
A more complete description of the above parts and their action is given in the
Specification of the patent above referred to.
In carrying out the first part of my improvements I form the valve rod e in two
parts e e¹ and I connect the two parts by a flexible joint which will allow of a
slight endway motion being given to the lower end of the rod.-The joint consists
of a socket e which is soldered to the part e of the rod and a ball or enlargement es
which is secured to the head of the lower part e¹ of the valve rod.
The valve fis secured to this portion of the valve rod in any convenient manner.
By forming the valve rod as above described all friction will be avoided except
where the lower portion of the valve rod projects through the hollow conical
point d of the stylographic pen the upper end of the valve rod being securely held
centrally in the air tube.
The second part of my invention which is applicable to all kinds of fountain
pens consists in forming at the upper end of the case a of the pen a chamber c, to
the bottom of which is connected the air tube.-This chamber is formed by screwing
into the case a a partition a¹ into which the air tube b is inserted.-Projecting
downwards into the chamber from the top is a second tube b' of say two thirds the
depth of the chamber.-Air is admitted through a hole in the top of the chamber
and passes through the tube in the chamber to the air tube in the case a.-Any
ink that enters the air tube b instead of running out at the air hole as in other
pens of like character will be caught and retained in the chamber c.-The above
arrangement of air tubes will also give a direct passage through the pen and the
air tubes can thus be readily cleaned out when required.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in Fountain
peus" and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect I wish it to be
understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim :-
First: In a stylographic pen, forming the controlling or valve rod e in two parts
substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein shown and described.
Second: In a fountain pen the means substantially as berein shewn and described

page_text: for admitting air to the pen and for preventing the exudation of ink by the air
tubes, whereby the necessity for unscrewing a cap before use and screwing the
same down again after use is avoided.
In witness whereof I the said Jean Nadal have hereunto set my hand and
seal the fifteenth day of February in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
J. NADAL. (L.S.)