Improvements in Drinking Fountains for Poultry, Birds, and Domestic Animals; may also be used for other Liquids and purposes, as Varnishes, Inks, and the like, to use from as required.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 10th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drinking Fountains for Poultry, Birds, and
Domestic Animals; may also be used for other Liquids and
purposes, as Varnishes, Inks, and the like, to use from as
required.
FREDERICK TOM HEMMING Picture Frame and Metal Tablet Manufacturer
364 Old Kent Road London S.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
These fountains can be made of glass, china, earthenware, cement, stoneware or
any suitable material & consists of a hollow vessel, having a small hole on the
periphery or face, near the bottom, opening into a trough which extends partly or
all round the vessel. At the top of the vessel I form an aperture or opening
through which the fountain may be filled or cleansed. (This opening is the
improvement I claim,) the fountains in ordinary use requiring to be filled from the
hole at the bottom which is a tedious & inconvenient process & offering no facilities
whatever for cleaning.
The stoppers for my improved fountains may be made either of cork, glass,
wood, india rubber, metal or any material that will close the fountain air-tight
when inserted in its place after the fountain has been filled.
The mode of filling is very simple viz.:-by placing the thumb or finger over the
small hole at the bottom whence the trough is supplied or by inserting a small
cork or plug in the hole & then pouring the water in from the top. When full fix
the stopper at the top & withdraw your thumb or plug & the water will flow into
the trough sufficient to fill it but will not overflow & will continue to flow in as
used from until the fountain is exhausted & requires refilling.
It is also peculiarly adapted for use in the varnishing trades, especially for use
in varnishing shew cards & the like; the construction of the fountain allowing just
sufficient flow of varnish into the trough to give a proper dip for the brush which
the operator would use. The same features would also operate to prevent waste,
by reducing loss of the varnish by evaporation, to a minimum when the fountain is
not in use.
Dated this 11th day of November 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Drinking Fountains for Poultry, Birds, and
Domestic Animals; may also be used for other Liquids and
purposes, as Varnishes, Inks, and the like, to use from as
required.
FREDERICK TOM HEMMING 364 Old Kent Road London S.E. Metal Tablet
and Picture Frame Maker do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The main object of my invention, is to provide a method of supplying liquids for
drinking purposes for poultry and domestic animals, or for using varnishes, ink
and the like, by the use of my fountain that is superior to the apparatus hitherto

page_text: employed, being cleaner, and absolutely preventing the waste which is incurred by
using the vessels hitherto in use.
My fountain is made of glass, china, earthenware, cement, stoneware, or any
suitable material.
The fountain is a hollow vessel with a trough suited in size & shape to the kind
of liquid required to be used.
At the top of the fountain I make an aperture or opening, through which the
fountain may be filled or cleaned. The mode of filling the fountain hitherto in use
is through the small hole in the trough, which is a slow, wasteful, & difficult
process, & giving no facilities for cleaning. To close my fountain I provide a
Buitable stopper which shuts it quite airtight.
To fill the fountain stop the hole in the trough with the finger or a plug & fill
through the opening in the top, then insert the stopper. When required for use
withdraw the plug from the hole opening into the trough & the liquid will flow in
as used from until exhausted.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
In a fountain of this class substantially as herein described, the introduction of
the opening at the top for the purposes of filling & cleaning.
Dated this 9th day of August 1894.
FREDERICK TOM HEMMING.