IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH SPINNING MULES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hendry, of Partick, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Writer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED
WITH SPINNING MULES." A communication from abroad by Hugh Hendry, of
Newark, New Jersey, in the United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hendry at the Office
"
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1880.
JAMES HENDRY, of Partick, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Writer.
A communication
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH SPINNING MULES."
from abroad by Hugh Hendry, of Newark, New Jersey, in the United States of
America.
"
k.This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of self-acting
spinning mules, specially designed for differentially regulating the tension of the
yarn being wound or built up on the cop, so as to effect uniform tightness to the
or weakening or breaking the yarn at
point of the cop without causing "snarles
this weak part of the cop. In spinning mules hitherto in use the tension of the
yarn as controlled by the ordinary "fallers" or guides has been kept the same
throughout the entire length of winding each stretch on the cop; and at that point
where the winding is nearing the inner end of the stretch, and owing to the
changing positions of the yarn, and of the fallers, great difficulty bas been found in
These defects are
winding the yarn tight without breaking or weakening.
overcome by the present Invention, the nature and novelty of which consist as
follows:-
The machine consists of the usual construction of traversing carriage fitted with
a pair of wheels at each end running on rails or on tracks fixed on the floor, and
carrying the sets of cop spindles with their driving gear, as also the faller spindles
and fallers for guiding the yarn on to the cops. At one or both sides of this
carriage, and near to the floor, a weighted lever is fitted, fulcrumed at the front
end so as to be adjustable on a pin or stud on the carriage frame, and having fixed
at the other end a strap, cord, or chain, which reaches up to and round the
periphery of a quadrant or sector keyed on the spindle, to which are attached the
set of under or guide tension fallers, having the usual transverse wires at their ends
passing-under-the threads or yarn in front and above the building fallers. This

page_text: weighted lever and strap acting on the under fallers raises the yarn or threads
which pass from the ordinary draw rolls on the stationary frame over their
transverse guide wire, and down below the guide wire of the usual set of upper or
building fallers to the cops, and by the position of the weight determines the
position of the tension fallers relatively to that of the building fallers, and thus
controls the tension of the yarn passing over and under their wires, but which
remains in this way uniform during the entire traverse of the carriage. By the
present improvements this weighted lever is made to act gradually on the under
faller, so as to regulate and gradually lessen the amount of tension of the yarn as
nearing the end of the stretch and building of the cop towards the point, by fitting
it with an adjustable weight carrying a roller on a stud at one side, which, when
the carriage travels to near the forward end of its traverse, comes in contact with
and rides up an incline formed by one arm of a differential beam lever centred on
a stud or pin in a bracket or stand bolted to the floor in proper position, and fitted
with a counter-balancing weight at its other end, which overcomes and gradually
lifts the weighted faller lever and strap as the carriage travels forward towards the
inner end of its traverse and fulcrum of the lever, so that the under faller spindle
and sector are relieved by the slacking of the connecting strap, and these fallers
gradually drop to some extent, and now relieve the tension on the yarn when it is
winding the conical layer towards the point of the cop, towards the end of each
stretch, thus preventing the yarn being weakened or broken, as was found to be
the case by the uniform tension heretofore employed. The approach of the roller
on the weighted carriage lever to the fulcrum of the new stationary beam lever
increases the counter-balancing effect of its weight on the faller lever, corre-
sponding to the approach of the yarn to the point end of the cop; and in this way
the desired differential automatic tension is secured. During the outward traverse
of the machine and spindles for the spinning operation both fallers as usual relieve
the yarn altogether.
The weight on the carriage or faller actuating lever can be adjusted to any
position on that lever, and the bracket carrying the fulcrum of the new stationary
beam lever is also made readily adjustable longitudinally in the direction of the
traverse of the machine by having slots formed on its bottom flange, through which
the securing bolts pass, and it may be so placed as to relieve the carriage lever, and
with it the under fallers at any other position of the traverse than the extreme
front end when required for coarser or finer yarns; or by reversing the position of
the lever and weight, and placing these at the other end of the machine's traverse,
they may be applied to allow the tension to come gradually on the yarn when
beginning to wind each stretch and conical layer. The counter-balance weight on
the new stationary beam lèver is also adjustable longitudinally on its carrying arm,
and this arm is provided with an adjusting screw stop to prevent it lifting the
acting arm too high; and instead of the weight a spring or springs may be applied
to act as a counter-balance on the new tension regulating lever.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Hendry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd September
1880.
JAMES HENDRY, of Partick, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Writer.
A communication
“IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH SPINNING MULES."
from abroad by Hugh Hendry, of Newark, New Jersey, in the United States of
America.
The said Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of self-
acting spinning mules, specially designed for differentially regulating the tension of
the yarn being wound or built up on the cop, so as to effect uniform tightness to
the point of the cop without causing "smarles," or weakening or breaking the yarn
at this weak part of the cop. In spinning mules hitherto in use the tension of the
yarn as controlled by the ordinary "faller" or guides has been kept the same
throughout the entire length of winding each stretch on the cop, and at the point
where the winding is nearing the inner end of the stretch, and owing to the
changing positions of the yarn and of the fullers great difficulty has been found in
winding the yarn tight without breaking or weakening. These defects are
overcome by the present Invention, the nature and novelty of which consist as
follows:-
=
And in order that the nature and novelty, and mode of performing or putting
this Invention into effect and practice may be properly understood, I shall now
proceed to describe the two Figures on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings which
is hereunto appended. for that purpose, the same reference letters indicating the
same parts in both Figures where indicated.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation in outline (sufficient for the said purposes) of a
spinning mule with its traversing spindle frame E, E', in transverse section,
traversed on its front and back wheels E' on the floor rails z, z, having its spindles S
and oscillating faller shafts F, F¹, with their tension fallers and wires F", f, passing
under the yarn or thread, led down under the wires f¹ of the building fallers F³
respectively, passing to each spindle S and cop 8, being spun and wound as the
frame of spindles E, E', S, traverses to and fro from the drawing rollers R of the
stationary fixed frame R¹ of the spinning mule, all so far much as usual, but shown
as fitted with the improvements of this Invention or arrangement of levers and
fittings for effecting the said important purposes; while Figure 2 shows a detailed
plan of the said, improved lever mechanism as separate or detached from the
machine in Figure 1, all sufficient to illustrate the nature and mode of putting the
Invention into practice.
Referring to these Figures 1 and 2 the machine consists of the usual construction
of traversing carriage E, E', fitted with a pair of wheels E¹, E', at each end running
on rails or on tracks z fixed on the floor Z and carrying the sets of cop spindle S
with their driving gear, as also the faller spindles F, F, and fallers F", ƒ, F³, ƒ¹, for
guiding the yarn on the cops 8. At one or both sides of this carriage frame E, E',
and at the front end and near to the floor Z a weighted lever B, b, is fitted, fulcrumed
so as to be adjustable on a pin or stud at B₁, on the carriage frame E, E¹, and
having fixed at the other end B a strap, cord, or chain B, which reaches up to
and round the periphery of a quadrant or sector I keyed on the shaft spindle F, to
which are attached the set of under guide tension fallers F, f, having the usual
transverse wires fat their ends, passing under the threads or yarn in front and
above the building fallers F, f'. This weighted lever B and strap B2 act on the
fallers funder the yarn or threads y and raises or lowers it as it passes from the
ordinary draw rolls R on the stationary frame R¹ over their transverse tension
guide wire f down under the wires f¹ of the building guide fallers Ff1, (of-the
usual set of upper or building fallers F1, F2,) to the cops 8. The position of the

page_text: weight b, b², on the lever B determines the position of the tension fallers F, f, and
thus controls the tension of the yarn passing to and over the wire f, but which
remains in this way, as so far described, uniform during the entire traverse of the
carriage. By the present Invention and improvements this weighted lever B, b, is
made to act gradually on the under or tension faller F, f, so as to regulate and
gradually lessen the amount of tension of the yarn y as the carriage and cops are
nearing the end of the stretch and building of the cops towards the point 8¹ by
fitting it with an adjustable weight b carrying a roller on a stud at 61 on one side,
which, when the carriage travels to near the forward or inner end of its traverse,
comes in contact with and rides up a straight or curved inclined surface formed by
one arm of a differential beam lever A centred on a stud or pin a in a low bracket
or stand a¹ bolted to the floor Z in proper parallel position below the roller b' of the
weight and lever b, B. This lever A is fitted with a counter-balancing weight A¹
at its other end, which overcomes and gradually lifts the weighted faller lever B, b,
and strap B² as the carriage comes forward towards the inner end of its traverse
and fulcrum B of the lever B, so that the under faller F, f, and spindle F and
sector I are relieved by the slacking of the connecting strap B2, and these
fallers F, f, gradually drop to some extent and now relieve the tension on the
yarn when it is winding the conical layer towards the point s¹ of the cop s towards
the end of each stretch, thus preventing the yarn being weakened or broken as was
found to be the case by the uniform tension heretofore employed, without the use
of the new inclined lever A, and pulley weight b, b¹, on lever B. The approach of
the roller b¹ on the weighted carriage lever b, B, to the fulcrum a of the new
stationary beam lever A increases the counterbalancing effect of its weight A¹ on
the faller lever B, corresponding to the approach of the yarn to the point end s¹ of
the cop s, and in this way the desired lessening of the differential automatic tension
is secured on the inward winding traverse. During the outward traverse of the
machine and spindles S for the spinning operation both fallers, as usual, relieve the
yarn altogether. The weight b, b¹, on the carriage or faller actuating lever B can
be adjusted to any position on that lever, and the bracket a¹ carrying the fulcrum a
of the new stationary beam lever A, A', is also made readily adjustable longi-
tudinally in the direction of the traverse of the machine by having slots all formed
on its bottom flange through which the securing bolts pass, and it may be so placed
as to relieve the carriage lever B, and with it the under fallers F", f, at any other
position of the traverse than the extreme front end when required for coarser or
finer yarns; or by reversing the position of the lever and weight A, A¹, and placing
these at the other end of the machine's traverse they may be applied to allow the
tension to come gradually on the yarn when beginning to wind each stretch and
conical layer. The counterbalance weight A' on the new stationary beam lever A
is also adjustable longitudinally on its back carrying arm, and this arm is provided
with an adjusting screw stop at A" on the floor to prevent it lifting the acting
arm A too high; and instead of the weight A' a spring or springs may be applied
to act as a counterbalance on this new tension regulating lever A.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I have to state that I do not confine myself to the precise
details herein described or delineated, but what I consider novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
First. The general arrangement and combination of the parts of an inclined
counterweighted lever A, A, on stationary fulcrum a, a¹, with traversing weighted
faller lever B, B', b, b', over it, and intermediate connecting strap and quadraunt B², I,
for actuating the under tension fallers Fu, f, of the traversing spindle carriage E, E',
of spinning mules, all substantially as and for the purposes herein described in
reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any mere modification
thereof.
Second. The application and use in and to spinning mules of an inclined
counterweighted lever A, A', on stationary fulcrum a, a, with counterweighted,

page_text: lever B, B¹, b, b', on traversing carriage E, E¹, over it, and intermediate connections
for actuating the under tension fallers F, f, all substantially as and for the purposes
herein described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any
mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hendry, have bereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
W. R. M. THOMSON,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
JAMES HENDRY. (L.S.)