Improvements in Cycle Stands.
Year: 1896

page_text: -Improvements in Cycle Stands.
I, JAMES NEILSON, of 22 High Street, Kirkcaldy, N.B., Bicycle Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in cycle stands. It consists of four legs
which may be of cast metal. The said legs carry two bent up right end levers, so
arranged that the tyre of the wheel is hetween the said levers. The levers are of
bent iron rods, the extremities being formed U-shaped to correspond with the shape
of the tyre. The centre of the frame portion between the four legs is hinged and the
arrangement is such that when it is desired to remove the wheel from the stand, the
cycle is wheeled backwards (or it might be forwards). In doing this the supporting
upright lever is forced downwards until it rests upon the ground, whereby the wheel
runs clear of the stand-the other lever simultaneously doing the same thing. This
motion of the levers is effected by means of each pair of legs of the stand acting as a
fulcrum for the lever. When the levers are in their lowered position the hinged
framing between the two pairs of feet has assumed a pyramid shape. To permit this
opening out and closing in action of the stand, the feet of the one pair of legs are
provided with rollers. Two upright guiding pins are preferably provided at that
part of the framing, where it is hinged, viz.-the. middle of the stand, the bottom of the
cycle wheel resting between these two pins. When it is desired to use the stand the
front wheels run into the U shaped formation of the supporting lever as the lever
rests upon the ground. The wheel then strikes the one side of the pyramid formation
of the hinged portion and in so doing causes the said hinged portion to be flattened,
the said action simultaneously elevating the two end supporting levers, the weight of
the wheel causing the supporting levers to grip the wheel and thus hold the cycle
secure.
My said stand is also such that it is capable of supporting the cycle upside down,
that is to say, the steering handle and the upright of the front fork (of a safety bicycle
for example) is supported by means of the stand. The bicycle when in this inverted
position has the steering handle shaft within the. U shaped recess of the one upright
supporting lever. The bandle bar is in a position across the one pair of legs of the
stand, india rubber covered hooks being provided in front of the said legs to receive
the two arms of the steering handle. That part of the handle shaft in iminediate
proximity within the under side of the handle bar is gripped by a hinged forked
portion, the said fork being preferably covered with india rubber. The balancing of
the bicycle in its upside down position is effected by the front portion of the saddle
resting upon the top of the opposite upright supporting lever. The advantage of this
method of using the stand is that both wheels can be revolved for repairing or cleaning
purposes.

page_text: I, JAMES NEILSON of 22 High Street Kirkcaldy N.B. Bicycle Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in cycle stands and has for its object to
provide a simple and efficient stand which when in use does not injure or damage the
machine.
But in order that my said invention may be more readily understood and easily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the
accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is an elevation shewing the wheel in position within the stand.
Figure 2 an elevation and
1
Figure 3 a plan shewing the stand in position ready to receive the wheel.
Referring to the said drawings I employ a cast metal or other frame A consisting
of four legs, the said legs carrying two bent upright levers a, a' the extremities of
which are formed U shaped, and so arranged that when the wheel B of the cycle is
in position, the tyre rests within the said Ushaped formation.
The centre of the frame A between the four legs is hinged and the arrangement is
such that when it is desired to remove the wheel from the stand, the cycle is moved
backwards. In doing this the supporting upright lever a is forced downwards until
it rests upon the ground (as shown in Figure 2) whereby the wheel runs clear of the
stand-the other lever a¹ being also forced downwards.
This motion of the levers a, a¹ is effected by means of each pair of legs of the
stand A acting as a fulcrum for the lever. When the levers a, a¹ are in their lowered
position the hinged framing A between the two pairs of feet has assumed a pyramid
shape. To permit this opening-out and closing-in action of the stand, the feet of the
one pair of legs are provided with rollers or wheels C. Two upright guiding pins D
are preferably provided at that part of the framing where it is hinged, viz. :-the
middle of the stand, the bottom of the cycle wheel resting between these two pins.
When it is desired to use the stand the front wheel runs into the U shaped formation
of the supporting lever a as the lever rests upon the ground. The wheel then strikes
the one side of the pyramid formation of the hinged portion and in so doing causes
the said hinged portion to be flattened, the said. action simultaneously elevating the
two end supporting levers, the weight of the wheel causing the supporting levers to
grip the wheel and thus hold the cycle secure.
The hinging of the body or frame also enables the stand to adapt itself to any size
of wheel.
My said stand is also such that it is capable of supporting the cycle upside down,
that is to say, the steering handle and the upright of the front fork (of a safety
bicycle for example) is supported by means of the stand. The bicycle when in this
inverted position has the steering handle shaft within the U shaped recess of the
upright supporting lever a. The handle bar is in a position across the one pair of legs of
the stand, india rubber covered hooks or projections C being provided in front of the
said legs to receive the arms of the steering handle. That part of the handle shaft in
immediate proximity with the under side of the handle bar is gripped by a forked
portion D', the tail end of which rests upon the frame of the stand, operated by a
hinged screwed pin and thumb screw or butterfly nut d'. The said fork is preferably
covered with india rubber. The balancing of the bicycle when in its upside down
or inverted position is effected by the front portion of the saddle resting upon the

page_text: top of the opposite upright supporting lever. The advantage of this method of using
the stand is that both wheels can be revolved for repairing or cleaning purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The general arrangement and construction of parts constituting my improved
cycle stand, substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and shewn in
the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In stands for supporting cycles, hinging the body or frame of the stand in the
middle whereby the wheel of the cycle can be readily placed within and removed
from the stand and also whereby the stand is enabled to adapt itself to any size of
wheel, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
3rd. In stands for supporting cycles, the arrangement for retaining the cycle in an
upside down or inverted position, for cleaning and repairing purposes, substantially
as hereinbefore described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this fith dose of
JOHNSONS,
115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 16th Jan.. 1897-Accepted, 13th Mar., 1897
Improvements in Bearings and Glands for Rotating Shafts, and in
Balancing such Shafts.
I, DAVID COOK, M. Inst. C.E., M. Inst. E.E., Consulting Engineer, of 165 Queen
Victoria Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to bearings and glands for the shafts of turbines and other
rotating shafts and in balancing such shafts.
The shaft is vertical and rotates in a small bearing or on a "centre" at bottom
and is provided with a centre guide at top. The under bearing is enclosed in a
chamber containing a considerable body of water or other fluid. Near the bottom
of the shaft there is attached to it an inverted hollow cone open at the base, and
closed at the apex, and having a lip or rim at its base through which diagonal
perforations reach the interior. When the shaft rotates the water or other fluid is
pumped up by the centrifugal action of the cone and is ejected forcibly through
the perforations terminating at the under side of the lip of cone. Close to this is
a seating or bearing against which the issuing. fluid impinges, thereby forming a
film of high pressure water which takes the weight of the whole turbine and its
attachments. When the weights are properly distributed having regard to the
gyrostatic effect, and when accurate balance has been attained, the guide centre at
top may be raised just out of contact, automatically or otherwise, after full speed
is reached and the turbine will then rotate accurately and safely with no other
bearing than the centre at bottom and the fluid seat. I secure accuracy of balance
in the turbine as follows. If a fly wheel be used I cut from the periphery towards
the axis three channels spaced 120° apart. In each of these channels I place a rod
capable of being rotated but fixed as regards end movement. The rods are screwed
with a thread of flat pitch and each passes through a small metal block making a
tight fit on the thread and in the channel. The ends of the rods are brought out
through the rim, lie flush with it, and are provided with a cut for screw driver.
Balancing is effected on the "three legged" principle by screwing the weights in
and out and then locking by set pins or otherwise. The moveable weights may be
attached to the turbine in any other convenient way and there may be more than
one set. The method is applicable to balancing any rapidly rotating body.
The shaft may carry the armature or field magnets of a dynamo electric machine,
or pulleys, or other means of gearing, or a fan or pump or other apparatus.
Where the shaft passes through the case of the turbine a gland or joint becomes
necessary for preventing the escape of the gas or other agent used for working it. To
obviate the use of packing and to reduce friction I have devised a fluid joint of the
following description. On the shaft where it passes through the case is carried a
hollow ring the inside lip of which is screwed to a disc keyed on to the shaft.
Attached to the case is a circular rim with a sharp smooth edge turned back inside
the ring but not touching it at any point. The ring is filled with water. When the
shaft rotates it forces the water into the outer part of the rim where it forms a solid
resisting body carried round with the ring. The sharp smooth edge of the case cuts
into it and forms a joint capable of withstanding high pressure, having a minimum of-

page_text: friction, and requiring no lubrication. The interior of the rim may be roughened or
may have any projections to grip the water so as to prevent slip.
Dated this 8th dose of Ianna 1907
Improvements in Bearings and Glands for Rotating Shafts, and in
Balancing such Shafts.
I, DAVID COOK, M. Inst. C.E., M. Inst. E.E., Consulting Engineer, of 165 Queen
Victoria Street, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My improvements have for their object, to relieve the lower bearing of a turbine shaft
or other shaft of the weight of the shaft and the parts thereon; to make a fluid tight
gland or joint where the turbine shatt passes through the case of the turbine or other-
wise where such a joint is required, and to accurately balance the shaft with the parts
mounted thereon.
The shaft is vertical and rotates in a small bearing or on a "centre" at bottom and is
provided with a centre guide at top. The ander bearing which is shown in Figure 1
of the annexed drawings is enclosed in a chamber containing a considerable body of
water or other fluid. Near the bottom of the shaft there is attached to it an inverted
hollow cone a open at the apex, and closed at the base, and having a lip or rim at its
base through which diagonal perforations & reach the interior. The cone may have
internal ribs or feathers. When the shaft rotates the water or other fluid is pumped
up by the centrifugal action of the cone and is ejected forcibly through the perfora-
tions terminating at the under side of the lip of cone. Close to this is a seating or
bearing c against which the fluid issues, thereby forming a film of high pressure water
which takes the weight of the whole turbine and its attachments. When driving a
dynamo electric machine or other apparatus where the forces are accurately balanced
and when the weights are properly distributed, having regard to the gyrostatic effect,
the guide centre at top may, if desired, be raised just out of contact, automatically or
otherwise, after full speed is reached and the turbine will then rotate accurately and
safely with no other bearing than the centre at bottom and the fluid seat.
1 secure accuracy of balance in the turbine as follows:-If a fly wheel' be used
or if not then in the revolving part of the turbine I cut from the periphery
towards the axis three channels spaced 120° apart. In each of these channels I
place a rod d as is shown by Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings. The rod d is capable
of being rotated but fixed as regards end movement. The rods are screwed with
a thread of flat pitch and each passes through a small metal block e making a tight
fit on the thread and in the channel. The ends of the rods are brought out through
the rim, lie flush with it, and are provided with a cut for screw-driver. Balancing
is effected on the "three-legged "principle by screwing the weights in and out and
then locking by set pins or otherwise. The moveable weights may be attached to
the turbine in any other convenient way and there may be more than one set.
Where as is shown in Figure 4 of the annexed drawings the shaft passes through
the case of the turbine a gland or joint becomes necessary for preventing the
escape of the gas or other agent used for working it. To obviate the use of
packing and to reduce friction I have devised a fluid joint of the following
description. On the shaft where it passes through the case is carried a hollow
ring. Attached to the case is a circular rim g with a sharp smooth edge turned
back inside the ring but not touching it at any point. The ring is filled with

page_text: water. When the shaft rotates it forces the water into the outer part of the rim
where it forms a resisting body carried round with the ring. The sharp smooth edge
of the case cuts into it and forms a joint capable of withstanding high pressure,
having a minimum of friction, and requiring no lubrication. The interior of the rim
may be roughened or may have any projections to grip the water so as to prevent.
slip.
In the figure the turbine wheel is marked h, the upper is the pressure or inlet side
and the outlet is at i i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The means for relieving the pressure on the lower bearing substantially as
described in respect to Figure 1.
2. The means for balancing the shaft substantially as described in respect to
Figures 2 and 3.
3. Forming a fluid tight joint or gland by means of a hollow liquid-containing.
ring on the shaft and a rim or lip g on the cover entering into the ring substantially
as described in respect to Figure 4.
حيد
T
1007
DAVID COOK.