Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Bottles, Flasks and similar Articles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1897-Accepted, 11th June, 1898
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Bottles, Flasks
and similar Articles.
(A communication from CLAUDE BOUCHER Senior, of Cognac, (Charente) in the
Republic of France, Glass Manufacturer,)
I ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111 Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
The machine forming the subject of the present application relates to the manu-
facture of bottles flasks, vases, with-or-without-handles, and other similar articles of
blown glass and enables the employment of special skilled labour to be dispensed
with.
The mechanism of this machine is so simple and easily understood that it does
not require the employment of specially skilled workmen, and workmen unacquainted
with the glass-industry can by ineans of this apparatus manufacture bottles and
similar objects.
Besides the articles manufactured in this way issue from the moulds of this
machine completely finished, and can be carried directly to the annealing ovens
where they are left to cool gradually, whereby a greater solidity and regularity of
structure is imparted to them, than is the case with the articles manufactured by
means used hitherto as the molecular changes in the material take place under better
conditions.
This machine is illustrated in detail in the accompanying drawings as applied to
the manufacture of bottles wherein
Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation.
Figure 2 an-underside a plan view.
Figure 3 a front view of the bar.
Figure 4 a part of the rough mould with bottom fixed.
Figure 5 a vertical cross-section on the line 1-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 6 a vertical cross-section on the line 3-4 of Figure 2, and
Figure 7 shows the rough mould closed, the bottom of the mould being raised and
resting against the bar.
The mould is thus shown in the position it occupies at the moment when the glass
for the manufacture of the bottle or other object is about to be poured into it.
Figure 8 is a section of the entrance mould for forming the neck collar and part
of the neck of the bottle.
This figure is drawn to a scale double that of the remaining figures.
Figure 9 is a longitudinal side elevation showing the shape which the glass
assumes in the rough mould when it is desired to make bottles with recessed
bottoms.

page_text: Figure 10 is a view of the rough mould and its bottom.
Figure 11-is-a-view-of-the-rough--mould- surrounded-by-a-easing-so-as-to-form-an
air-chamber:
Figure 12, is a view of the finishing mould surrounded by a casing enabling an
empty space to be obtained which is filled with some bad conductor of heat in order
to maintain this mould at a sufficiently high temperature.
Figure 13 is a view of the mechanism enabling the entrance mould Figure 9 8 to
be closed and opened.
Figures
11-&-15-show-different-forms-that-may-be-given-to-rods-serewed-into-the
tubes-through-which-compressed-air-is-admitted.
Figure 14¹ is a section of the rough mould with pipe for admitting fluid under
pressure.
Description of the machine.
The same reference numbers and letters indicate the same parts throughout the
drawings.
1 is the frame consisting of feet a and bed plate b.
2. is a bracket for the bearing of the hollow spindle or-bearing 8. This bracket is
secured to the plate 6 by means of bolts or by any other suitable means.
3 is a bar to which are secured;-1) the rough mould, 2) the mould in which the
top of the bottle is formed, 3) the bottom part for the rough mould and for the
finishing mould, 4) the tube through which compressed air is admitted, 5)
the mechanism enabling the bottle to be rotated or rocked during the time that it is
blown in the finishing mould.
The bar which is shown in front view in Figures 3 and 6 and edge-ways in
Figures 1,7 and 9 serves for alternately turning the rough mould top and bottom
upwards according to the stage of manufacture the article has reached.
The rough mould the lip or collar mould, the bottom or other parts arranged on
this bar are secured in slots x by bolts, keys or any other means.
These slots may be replaced by holes affording passage to bolts or to any other
suitable device for securing the parts to the bar.
4 is a hand-wheel secured to the spindle 8 to enable the bar 3 to be rotated. This
hand-wheel and bar are keyed onto the spindle 8. In order to enable the rough
mould to be fixed in the two positions which it must alternately occupy-first bottom
upwards for receiving the glass-then bottom downwards for transferring the rough
article into the finishing mould, there are fixed on this hand-wheel 4 two stops o 0¹
adapted to engage with the fork 43 secured to the bracket 2. This fork carries at the
top a roller p and at the bottom a spring q.
It will be now easy to understand that when the hand-wheel 4 is caused to turn
the stops o o¹ alternately press against the roller which descends against the
pressure of the spring according to the position to be given to the rough mould 5.
But this roller being immediately afterwards raised by the spring q, engages with a
groove in the bottom of the stop whereby the hand-wheel and consequently also the
rough mould and all the parts secured to the bar are stopped and held in place.
5 is the rough inould. This first (rough) mould is narrower than the second
(finishing) mould so as to enable glass which is of a paste-like almost liquid consistency
consistence when it is poured into the mould to spread in sufficient quantity towards
the bottom of the mould, which is then uppermost so as to give sufficient thickness
to the bottom part of the bottle.
This mould however must be sufficiently wide at the lower part to enable the
bottom 7 serving to close the finishing mould to be also used for closing the rough
mould said bottom being common to both moulds.
As the rough mould receives glass of very high temperature and consequently
becomes very hot rapidly the walls of said mould are made thick enough to prevent
glass from adhering to it owing to the high temperature that it would reach.
The rough mould is closed at the lower end at the time moment when the necessary
amount of glass for manufacture of a bottle has been is admitted into its interior, by
the collar mould 26.

page_text: At the other end it is closed by the bottom 7 which is securely held by means of a
bayonet joint which will be hereinafter fully described.
6 is the finishing mould. This mould must be interiorily the exact shape of the
bottle flask or other object to be manufactured. The glass has sufficient plasticity
when the lump is introduced into the mould to take the exact shape under the pressure
of compressed air; nevertheless if the bottom had not partly acquired its finished
shape in the rough mould is would be impossible to obtain this shape in a satis-
factory manner in the finishing mould, since the outer surface of the bottom part
would have become solid by contact with the rough mould and could not be pressed
further out or expanded so as to touch the walls of the finishing mould in order to
acquire the desired diameter.
As the glass cannot adhere to the walls of the finishing mould when the partly
formed bottle is introduced into it, as it has acquired the necessary consistence
eonsistener in the rough mould and as on the other hand it would lose a great part of
its brilliancy if the walls of this second mould were not brought to the desired
temperature and as especially bottles which are generally made of glass that is but
slightly malleable, would present a hammered appearance, the walls of the finishing
mould are made of less thickness than those of the rough mould.
Moreover in order to make this mould suitably hot and to easily maintain it at this
temperature during the manufacture the mould is formed with hollow walls as shown
in Figure 12.
In this manner the hollow walls of the mould being filled with clay, plaster, coal or
any other substance which is a bad conductor of heat or being closed in an air tight
manner so as to form an air-chamber-keep the interior of the finishing mould at a
sufficiently high temperature to avoid formation of irregularities or seams on the
outside of the bottles and to increase their strength by maintaining them longer in a
red-hot condition.
The finishing mould 6 is closed at both ends like the rough mould 5 by the bottom 7
and by the collar mould 26 which fits against the neck of said mould.
The rough mould and the finishing mould are placed on the same level and opposite
each other as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 9.
These two moulds are secured by arms 9 and 18 serving as hinges on the spindles 10
rotating in bearings 11 secured to their vertical supports.
The supports of the rough mould being fixed to the bar 3 it is easy to understand
that when this bar is caused to move by means of the hand-wheel 4 the rough mould
is alternately placed neck upwards and neck downwards according to the stage of
manufacture as has been explained before.
Owing to the simple way in which these moulds are arranged, it is extremely easy
to replace them when another article is to be manufactured and a differently shaped
mould is required."
It is sufficient for this purpose to unscrew the nuts in order to remove the red
spindle 10 which holds the moulds by means of the arms 9 or 18 according to whether
the mould in question is the rough or the finishing mould, then to put in the required
moulds, pass the red spindle 10 through the hinge arms 9 or 18 of these moulds and
through the brackets 11 and to screw on the nuts.
The rough inould 5 must be completely open as shown in Fig. 6 when the rough
article being produced it is desired to be placed in the finishing mould 6 which is
quickly closed again and then which occupies exactly the same position as before
occupied by the rough mould.
The rough mould made in two longitudinal parts as shown in Figure 6.
These two halves of the mould are brought together or moved apart so as to close
or open the mould by means of a toothed bevel-wheel 12 secured on the end of the
spindle 8 and of pinions 13 secured on to the arms 9 of the mould.
It is sufficient for this purpose to raise or to lower one end of the lever 14 (accord-
ing to the position occupied by the mould).
This lever can be best seen in Fig. 2 where it is shown very clearly and terminates
in handles c.

page_text: The movement of this lever causes the toothed wheel 12 to rotate the
pinions 13.
As the pinions are secured to the arms 9 of the rough mould and turn in opposite
directions (one from left to right and the other from right to left) they thus open or
close the two parts of the rough mould when the lever is raised or lowered (according
to the position occupied by the mould)
The lever used to close and to open the rough mould preferably carries two handles
as shown so as to have one of them always within reach of the attendant whether the
mould be bottom upwards or downwards.
The parts of the finishing inould are brought nearer to each other or farther apart
by means of a hand wheel 19 by means of which is actuated the spindle 15 carrying
the toothed wheel 16 which rotates the pinions 17 on the arms 18 of this mould.
It is sufficient for this purpose to turn this hand wheel to the right or to the left
according to whether the finishing mould is to be closed or opened.
Of course a lever similar to that used for closing and opening the rough mould may
be employed for the finishing mould.
7 is the separate bottom part used for closing both the rough mould and the
finishing mould at their widest parts.
A bottom provided with a conical part shown more particularly in Figure 7 is used
when it is desired to form bottles or other similar articles having recessed or coned
bottoms; according to this arrangement the glass moulds itself on the conical part
and thus reproduces in the rough inould under the action of blowing only and with-
out necessitating any mechanisin the exact shape of the bottom of the mould and of
the conical portion upon it.
This arrangement also enables the reproduction or formation on the bottom of the
bottle in a very easy and clear distinct manner inscriptions trade marks, names of
firms or designs of any kind
These inscriptions can also be produced in the coned part of the bottles for as
explained above this cone is formed by the action of the compressing air forcing the
glass against the cone on the bottom of the mould.
The bottom 7 serving to produce the bottom of a bottle as just explained and also
serving as a cover for the rough and for the finishing moulds, inust be flat when it is
desired to produce bottles with flat bottom; it must be concave for bottles with
convex bottoms (such for instance as soda water bottles) and it must be convex to
enable concave bottoms to be produced.
But whatever be the shape of the bottom used it must have at the outer rim the
desired dimensions in order to suitably close both the rough and the finished moulds
as it is common to both moulds,
In order to avoid formation of burrs or irregularities which would take place at the
edge at the moment of blowing mainly in the rough mould if the bottom 7 were not
held in place very securely the bottom is held securely in place preferably by means
of a kind of bayonet joint shown in Figs. 4 and 6 and consisting of two hooks 20
secured at the bottom of the rough mould 5 and a bar 21 mounted on the rod of the
bottom 7 so as to be capable to turn about said rod as an axis.
To operate this joint it is sufficient to introduce the bar 21 under the hooks 20.
In this manner the closing is effected in a very secure and reliable manner so that
the bottom 7 is securely held against the rough mould and consequently prevents the
glass which is still liquid from penetrating between the rough mould and the bottom 7
when it is blown in said mould.
The glass having sufficiently solidified in the first mould so as to prevent any risk
of seans being formed at the junction edges in the finishing mould as and-on-the
other-hand the bayonet system of closing used for the rough mould would preventing
prevent the bottom 7 from being caused to rotate or to reciprocate when turning of
the bottle during the injection of compressed air takes place in the finishing mould,
the bottom in this case the-finishing-mould is held in place in the following manner
as shown more particularly in Figure 7.

page_text: This closing device consists of a hinged bracket 22 and a plate 23 carrying the
handle (Fig. 1).
This plate 23 forming a kind of latch is pushed laterally under the hinged bracket 22
of the bottom in order to keep it firmly applied against the finishing mould during
the blowing of the bottle, but allowing at the same time a rotary or reciprocating
motion to be communicated to this bottom by the crank 24 and spindle 25 as will be
explained later on.
The rough mould having been placed neck downwards as shown in Fig. 7 at the
moment when it is about to be filled with glass necessary for the manufacture of a
bottle is closed at the top of the neck by the mould 26 and by the rod 27 placed at
the opening of the neck.
The mould which serves to produce the rim and a part of the neck of the bottle or
other article to be manufactured consists of the following parts:
26 is the part of the mould in which is formed the top or mouth of the bottle and
is alternatively placed against the neck of the rough and finishing mould.
This part 26 of this mould in which is formed the rim and the top of the neck of
the bottle is divided into two or more parts so as to enable then to be moved apart
when it is desired to remove the bottle in order to carry it to the annealing oven.
28 is a casing forming round the mould 26 a hollow space 29 in which the air is
heated to a high temperature.
This hollow may also be filled with clay, plaster, coke or any other substance which
is a bad conductor of heat.
The two means just indicated enable the mould 26 to be heated to and maintained
at a suitable temperature even red-hot and consequently prevent the neck of the
bottle from becoming cooled too quickly.
30 are hinges enabling the sides of the mould to be opened-and-to-be closed at the
moment in which the glass is to be poured into the rough mould 5 and to be opened
open-it when it is desired to remove the bottle from the mould.
31 is a lever terminating in a handle i and the other end in a fork provided with
two rollers.
This lever rests on the bracket 32.
When the handle i is depressed the end of the lever raises the mould 26 so as
to enable the bottle to be removed for the purpose of removing it to the annealing
oven.
The rollers are provided in order to enable the spindle 35 which transmits rotary
movement to the mould 26 to turn more easily without friction.
Consequently when the bottles need not be turned in the mould these rollers become
superfluous.
33 is a reservoir into which compressed air enters through the pipe 37. This air
passes in the direction indicated by the arrows to the orifice of the mould 26, where
it passes round the rod 27 into the glass as soon as it is poured into the rough
mould 5 and afterwards into the unfinished bottle when it has been enclosed in the
finishing mould 6 in order to force the rough bottle to take the shape of this mould.
34 is a stuffing box used to prevent the escaping of the compressed air introduced
through the pipe 37.
The rod 27 which closes the mould 26 has a suitable diameter to leave a space
between the rod and the neck of the mould 26 in order to allow compressed air to
pass.
The diameter of this rod 27 whether it terminates in a thickened portion or carries
at the end a plate against which the glass strikes must also correspond to the
dimensions which it is desired to give to the interior of the neck of the bottle or
other article.
In order to prevent the glass from solidifying on this rod at the moment when it
is poured into the rough mould it is preferably inade of coke, clay, talc or any other
suitable substance which is a bad conductor of heat.
In this manner.the glass is maintained at the required degree of plasticity and by

page_text: simply forcing it by blowing the interior of the neck can be formed without necessi-
tating the passage of a core to attain this result.
The mould just described is secured to the bar 3 by means of a bracket 72.
35 is a spindle of the mechanism enabling the bottle to be moved turned during
the time that it is being blown in the finishing mould.
36 is a toothed wheel mounted fured on this spindle 35.
37 is the pipe admitting compressed air from the hollow spindle 8
reservoir 33 above the mould 26.
to the
The crank 24 serves to actuate the mechanism by means of which a rotary or
reciprocating motion is communicated to the bottle in the finishing mould.
This mechanism consists of the crank 24 on the spindle 25 carrying toothed
wheels 39 and 40 and of the spindle 35 carrying the toothed wheel 36 and toothed
wheel 41 secured on the rod ef-the-bottom of the bottom mould 7.
The spindle 25 of the mechanism just described is carried in brackets 72 and 73
on the bar 3.
To operate this mechanism the handle of the crank 24 is given a reciprocating or
rotray motion which is then transmitted by the wheel 36 to the mould 26 and by the
wheels 39 40 and 41 to the bottom 7.
As the bottle is held at its upper part by the mould 26 and at its lower part by the
bottom 7 it is forced to participate in the movement of these two parts.
Nevertheless it is advisable in order to facilitate the movement of the bottle during
the time that it receives its shape in the finishing mould to rub the inner walls of
said mould with some greasy substance which possesses the property of leaving a
layer of carbon on the metal.
The spindle 8 carries the lever 14 (Fig. 2). and its toothed wheel 12 the bar 3 and
the hand wheel 4.
This spindle is made hollow so as to serve for conducting compressed air to the
moulds.
Air enters at m and passes out at n (Fig 2) and is led through the tube 37 to the
reservoir of the mould 26.
44 is a bracket on which is mounted the finishing mould 6 by means of arms 18.
This bracket also carries a spindle 15 at the end of which is secured the toothed
wheel 16 which being actuated by the hand wheel 19 causes the pinions 17 to move
closing or opening said mould exactly as has been described for the rough mould 5.
45 are studs engaging with openings 46 in order to constitute a closing device for
the rough mould 5 and for the finishing mould 6 in the following manner.
When the two parts composing each of these moulds have been brought near
together by means of the levers and toothed wheels already described the studs or
projections 45 are caused to engage with the openings 46.
By these means the walls of these moulds are held firmly together so that longi-
tudinal seans which would be produced on the bottles if the moulds were not perfectly
closed are avoided.
If the mould are of a considerable longth this closing device may be duplicated.
In this case one of them is placed near the shoulder and another near the base so
that the moulds cannot open at either end.
The bottom 7 which serves for giving the desired shape to the bottom of the bottle
and besides for closing at the bottom the rough mould 5 and the finishing mould 6
is secured to the rod terminating in a handle s (Figs. 1 & 6).-
This rod is held by the hinged bracket 22 consisting of two parts & and t con-
nected by a pin so that the bottom can be raised and folded back as shown in
Fig 7 when it is desired to pour glass into the rough mould5; or lowered to close
said mould after sufficient quantity of glass has been introduced into it.
The two parts of the rough mould 5 having been brought together by the
mechanism described they are firmly secured together by causing the projections 45
to engage with the openings 46.
Then the handle g is lowered whereby the projections 45 are caused to make a

page_text: quarter revolution and are prevented from becoming disengaged from the openings 46
perfect closing of the rough mould being thus ensured.
After this has been done and after the pipe 37 through which compressed air is
adınitted has been closed in an air tight inanner by means of a cock or valve the
attendant introduces into this mould by means of an iron rod or ladle glass at a suit-
able temperature consequently more or less liquid according to its composition and
to the weight shape and diameter of the neck of the object to be manufactured.
In all these cases the glass must be fluid enough to easily flow into the neck of the
mould and into the mould 26 placed underneath in order to enable the rim or any
other relief part or recess serving for any mechanical stoppering device to be easily
formed.
As soon as the workman sees that a sufficient quantity of glass has been poured out
into the rough mould he closes the mould by lowering the botton 7 (see Fig. 7) by
means of the handle 8 as already described.
Then to keep this bottom 7 firmly pressed against the rough mould 5 in order to
avoid the formation of burr or seans the bar 21 is introduced under the hooks 20.
After this the inlet valve is opened to admit compressed air and during the time
that the air arriving round the rod 27 penetrates into the interior of the neck and
forces the glass up against the bottom of the rough mould the workman passes the
plate 23 under the hinged bracket 22.
Then by turning the hand wheel 4 he reverses the rough mould 5 bottom down-
wards (as shown in Fig. 1) te-enable-the-glass-to-become--disengaged-from-the-seek
and-from-the-lump:
As soon as the glass has been forced by blowing against the walls of the rough
mould and the bottom has received its shape the workman releases the bar 21 from
the hooks 20 in order to enable the rough mould to be opened and further to enable
the bottom 7 to receive the reciprocating or rotary motion which is communicated
to it by the described mechanisin.
This bottom 7 remains maintained in place by the closing device constituted by
the hinged bracket 22 and the plate 23.
As soon therefore as the bar 21 has been disengaged from the hooks 20 the
attendant quickly moves the two sections of the rough mould apart by raising
the lever actuating the toothed wheel 12 and pinions 13.
The finishing mould is then closed round the partly formed bottle by turning the
hand wheel 19 which by causing the spindle 15 carrying the toothed wheel 16 to
rotate causes by means of the pinions 17 secured on the arms 18 the two sections
of this mould to come together.
It must be pointed out that during the time that the finishing mould is being
substituted for the rough mould the rough bottle is maintained in place by the
rim in the mouth mould 26 and is supported at the bottom by the bottom cover
on which it rests.
As soon as the finishing mould has been closed the attendant again opens the
compressed air admission valve (which had been closed during the interchange of
moulds then by operating the handle of the crank he communicates a reciprocating
or rotary motion to the bottle during the time that it receives its shape under the
action of the compressed air in the finishing mould.
The motion communicated to the bottle during blowing has for its purpose to avoid
the formation of uneven places on the walls of the bottle and to render them
smoother.
But for bottles or other articles with inscriptions or not requiring the absolute
removal of small projections or irregularities that may be produced when the moulds
are not perfectly adjusted the mechanisın serving for communicating motion to the
bottle may be dispensed with.
In this case compressed air is introduced into the bottle as soon as it has been
placed in the finishing mould.
The rim or other forms which are produced on the neck of the bottle either in
intaglio or relief in order to ornament the bottle or for stepping stoppering or like

page_text: purposes, are formed in the mould 26 which is adjusted at the bottom of the neck of
the rough mould by simple moulding in the moment in which glass is poured into
this mould.
On the other hand as the bottom whether it be flat, concave or convex or even
recessed being formed in the rough mould the result is that as soon as the rough
bottle has been pressed by the compressed air against the walls of the finishing mould
the bottle is completely finished.
It remains therefore only to open the finishing mould and the neck mould in order
to remove the bottle resting on the bottom 7 and to carry it to the annealing oven
when it has solidified sufficiently not to become deformed.
As the bottoin of the bottle is completely finished in the rough mould at the
moment when glass is very plastic in addition to the formation of inscription trade-
marks designs etc on the bottom of bottles when in the rough mould inscriptions can
be formed on the neck or even on the rim of the bottle as the arrangement of this
apparatus enables different characters to be very easily moulded said characters being
formed in a very clear manner at the moment when the glass for the manufacture of
the bottle is poured into the mouth mould 26 this glass being nearly fluid when
poured into the mouth mould.
The described process is employed when it is desired to manufacture bottles or
other articles of common quality for which a perfect brilliancy of glass is not
required.
In this case as the mass of glass has in the first mould a length equal to that of
the finishing mould into which it is immediately introduced without having to wait
till this mass is sufficiently elongated or increased in length the rate of production is
considerable owing to the simplicity of the means used.
But when it is desired to obtain more perfect products having a smoother and
brilliant appearance the mechanism and means of manufacture is are somewhat.
modified. As regards the mechanism the modifications are illustrated in Fig. 9.
With the apparatus shown in Fig. 9 and following figures the manufacture of
bottles flasks or other similar articles takes place as follows:-
As soon as glass has been introduced into the rough mould 50 the workman applies
the bottom cover 51 on to this mould and secures it by introdueing engaging the
bar 52 into-the on a hook 53. projecting from the lower end of the mould.
Then in order to perforate the interior of the neck of the bottle during the time
that the glass is still plastic he opens the cock or valve as explained before in order to
admit compressed air which forces out this glass and having perforated the interior
of the neck to form a hole of a desired diameter penetrates into the mass which it
presses against the walls and the bottom of this first rough mould.
Then this mould is opened by disengaging the bar 52 and by withdrawing-the
projection-45-from-the-opening-46-as-before-described. turning the bevil gear 13
and 14.
At this moment the mass of glass which is considerably shorter than the finishing
mould is suspended by the mouth mould 26.
Further by pressing on the lever 54 the bottom cover 55 is raised till it touches the
bottom of the mass 56 which is thus supported during the time that it elongates till
the bottom cover 55 reaches descends to the level of the bottom of the finishing
inould. 57.
The sections of this finishing mould are then immediately brought to together by
rotating the hand wheel 19 as already described and the bottom 55 is fixed under this
mould by causing the bar 58 to engage with the hooks 59. Then again compressed
air is admitted by opening the valve (which was closed during the lengthening of the
glass mass) in order to enlarge said mass and cause it to assume the shape of the
finishing mould which has been securely closed by ineans of projections which were
caused to engage with the openings as before described.
As-it-sometimes-hat pers-that-during-the-expansion- of-the-rough-bottle-or-mass
the-neek-becomes-long-and-too-thin-either-because-the-rough-mould-has-been-opened
too-scon-that-the-glass-has-not-had-time--to--acquire-the-necessary--consistency--or

page_text: because the-neck-i-not-strong-enough-to-suppert-the-too-great-weight-of--the-rough
article-when-articles-of-great-size-are-manufactured-and-the-neck-becomes-too-thin
for-one-or-other-of-these-reasons-this-inconvenience--is--avoided-by-direeting a-jet-of
compressed-air-on-to-the-part-which-has-the-tendency-to-become-too-thin.
It-is-sufficient-for-this-purpose-to-arrange-the-pipe--admitting-air-from-the-blower
a-pipe-elosed-by-a-eeek-or-valve-and-terminating-for-instance-in-a--ereseent-or-semi-
eirele
This-end-part-of the-pire-provided-with-a-number-of-small-perforations-is-directed
against-the-portion-of-the-neek-or-eve-any-other-part--of-the-mass-which-shows-a
tendeney-to-become-inordinately--thin--in--order--that--the-compressed--air-striking
against-the-glass-at-the-desired-spot-will-cause--it--to--solidify-and--prevents-it-from
becoming too-long which-would-otherwise-take-place.
When the bottle has a flat concave or convex bottom it is formed in the rough mould
the bottom of which is identical with that of the finishing mould as far as regards the
shape but it is of smaller diameter to enable glass to expand on the bottom of the
finishing mould.
Finally when it is desired to make the recess in the bottom of a bottle of
considerable depth the cone 60 is raised at the last moment when the blowing is
finished.
For this purpose the cone 60, which surmounts the bottom cover 55 of the
finishing mould, to which it is attached by the spring 67, rises au omatically,
when the bottom 55, being in place and closing the finishing mould 57,-the lever 54
is depressed to raise the rod 62, to which the cone 60 is secured.
It is easy to understand that as according to this arrangement the bottom cover 55
which engages-with is closing the bottom of the finishing mould which-it-eloses
cannot be raised by the action of the lever 54, only the cone 60 rises and presses the
glass upwards.
As soon as the lever 54 is released the spring 67 returns the cone 60 back to its
seat upon the bottom cover 55.
Common glass generally used for bottles and usually containing as bases a large
proportion of lime, alumina, magnesia, and a little soda or potash possesses owing to
this composition the property of losing its elasticity so quickly that very often the
bottom of the bottle-especially when it is thin-becomes set and breaks when it is
desired to press in the glass in order to form the coned recess.
To avoid this drawback it is necessary to maintain the glass at the necessary
temperature and plasticity.
I arrive at this result by using bottoms of moulds made of substances which are
bad conductors of heat, such as ordinary clay koalin or other varieties of silicates
of aluminium, silicates of magnesia, especially tale, serpentine or carbon, in different
forms.
I also use the substances just mentioned for making the rod 27 which serves to
close the entrance to the mould 26 when the necessary glass for the manufacture of
a bottle is poured into the rough mould and into the mould 26.
By this means the glass which talls on the rod 27 retains sufficient heat and
plasticity to enable it to be forced out only by the action of compressed air, intro-
duced round the end of the rod 27 in a-eireular an annular manner somewhat like
the flame of an oil lamp.
As the glass which is in contact with the monld and the neck of the rough mould
has solidified enough to form the neck of the bottle while the central part has
retained sufficient plasticity even at the bottom neck which is in contact with the
rod 27, the result of this combination is that air or any other suitable fluid is suffi-
cient to perforate the interior of the nech and to form the neck of the bottle, flask
or other similar article without necessitating the introduction of a mandrel to per-
forate the interior of the neck of these articles.
The rod 27 screwed into the pipe through which the compressed air arrives
terminates in an enlarged portion equal to the diameter which it is desired to give to

page_text: the neck of the bottle. Such rod is shown in Fig. 8 or-it-may-be--provided--with--
thicker-cylinder-end-(Fig. 14).
In-certain-eases-more-particularly-when-the-interior-of-the--reek--of--the-article-to
be--mannfuetured--has--u--considerable--diameter;--the-rod---shown--- --Fig.--15--is
employed.
3
This red-which-also-carries-at-the-top-a-cylinder-made--of-elay, tale,-or-any-other
substanee-which-is-a-bad-conductor-of-heat,-is--hollow--se--as-to-affo d-a-pass ge-for
compressed-air-which-raising-the-valve--77-- penetrates--inte--the-glass-at-the-centre
during-the-time-that-the-greater-part-of-the-compressed-air-arrives-round-the-top-of
the-rod-as-has-been-explained-before.
This combination-of-parts-causing-air-to-penetrate--through-the-centre and-round
the-rod-27-enables-the-glass-to-be-better-forced-out-and--the-perforat on-of-the-neek
of-the-articles- +ith large-necks-to-be-easily-effeeted.
When-it-is-desired-to-manufacture-ar.ieles-with-1 rge-holes-o:
bottles-or- arafes-or-wine-glasses;-
-neeks-as-the-watgr
the--red--is--surmounted--by-a-plate-of-the-shape
and-diamet r-eerresponding-to-the-opening-of-the-artiele-to-be-manufactured:
This plate-en-which-the-lass-falls-when--it-is--introdue-d-into-the-hollow-of-the
rough-mould-must-be-made-of-a-substance--which-is- a--bad--condu tor--of--heat--as
before-explained.
When-the-glass ewing-to-its--constitution--r--temperature-at-which- t-was tapped
becomes-too-quickly-of-paste-like- consistency whereby-t--is-not-suffi iently-fluid-to
form--the-rim--properly-or---to--nequire--the-homogeneity--required. Atmospherio
pressure-s-used-for-e mpressing-it-whi h-is-obtained-by-producing-a-vaenum-in-the
neek of-the-monld-and-in-the-pipe-37-leading-to-the-mould.
other
suitable-apparatus-the-air-contained-in-he-mould-and-in--this-pipe-is-pumped
and-he-glass-which-is-introduced-into-it.
For-this-purpose-a-pipe is-arranged-on-the-pipe-37-by--means-of-a-pump-or-any
ent-at-the-moment-when-the-glass-is-introduced-i to-the--rough--m uld.-A- better
effect-ean-be-obtai ed-by-introdueing-e-mpressed-air-at- the--other-end-the-is-to-say
into-the-portion-of-the-rough mould--comprised--between--te--bettem-of-the-mould
Finally for the manufacture of certain kinds of bottles and of other articles, steam
is sometimes used to compress the glass after it has been introduced, into the rough
mould, in order to give the homogeneity required in order to make the walls of the
article to be manufactured of uniform thickness to enable the rings and other
ornamentations on bottles as well as handles on vases etc to be suitably moulded.
The means which may be used to introduce steam to the glass in order to compress
it, are numerous and vary as well as the pressure of steam which must depend on the
nature of glass, shape and volume of the articles to be manufactured.
But generally steam is used only of from 500 gr. (1 lb.) pressure to 1 kg. pressure
per square centimetre, as this pressure is ample.
Finally to introduce it to the glass on which its action resembles a sudden shock,
a pipe is used surrounded by a flange which is fitted to the bottom of the rough
mould and completely covers the opening made in the bottom of said mould for
introducing glass.
As soon therefore as the necessary quantity of glass has been introduced into the
rough mould 50 (Fig. 14¹) the attendant lowers the pipe 82 on to the bottom of this
mould and opens the cock or valve arranged on the pipe in order to admit steam
which exercising pressure on the glass causes it to adapt itself to the shape of the
lower part of the rough mould which at the moment of introduction of steam is in
the reverse position .e. neck downards as shown in Fig. 14'.
As bottle glass quickly loses its plasticity, the workman closes the valve admitting
steam and raises the pipe as soon as the necessary compression has been obtained.
Then he closes the bottom of the rough mould and immediately opens the valve of
the pipe admitting compressed air, in order to act on the mass in the first mould as
hereinbetore explained.
The- janetion-of-the-parts-or-sections-of-the-mould--is-ner F-sufficiently-perf et,
whatever-be the-elosing-device-used;-to--prevent--formation--of--seams-or-joints-into

page_text: which-glass-penetrates-all-the-more-easily-under the-action-of-the-eompressed-air-as
the glass-is-generally-introduce -in-a-nearly-liquid-state.
In-order-to-avoid-or-at-least-considerably--reduce--the-seams--formed--when-glass
thus-penetrates-into-the-joints-of--the-rough--mould--and--when-the--bottle-does-not
to-produce-round-this-mould-a-pressure-nearly-equal--to-that-in--the--interior-when
receive-a-rotary-motion-or-a-reciprocating-movement, it-has-been-feand-advantageous
compressed-air-has-been-introduced-into-it-to-act-on-the-mass.
For-this-purpose-the-mould is surrounded-by-a-shell-03- (Fig. 1)-in-order-to
obtain-a-hollow-forming-an-air-chamber-64--surrounding--the--rough-mould-over-the
whole-of-its-surface:-It-is-sufficient-therefore-to-introduce--compressed-air-into this
chamber-64 whereby-this-external-pressure-seting-on-the-joints of the rough-mould
will-prevent-glass-from-penetrating-in e them.
And-in-order-to-prevent-compressed-air-from-eseaping--outside-a-groove-the--edge
of-one-part-of-this-shell-is-made-with-which-engages a-rib-on-the-opposite side.
In-order-to-obtain-a-more-perfect-air-tight-elesing-the-groove may-be-packed-with
asbestos-or-any-other-suitable-substanee.
Finally-the-air-which-is-eaused-to-eirenlate-round-the-rough-mould-in-the-manner
just explained-prevents-the-mould-from-becoming-too-hot-and--by--thus--eeeling-the
glass-contained-in-the-mould,-ensures-a quicker-und-more-regular-manufacture.
The-eompressed-air-for-the-air-chamber-64 is--introduced-through-a-pipe-provided
with-a-valve-on-the-shell-63-and-when-the-rough--bottle--or-artiel-is-blown-out, said
air-is-discharged-by-opening-a-valve-arranged-on-another-part-of-the-shell.
Compressed air-can-even-be--eaused -to--circulate--round--the-bottom-cover-61-by
surmounting-it-with-a-double-cover-and--by--placing-the--hollow--space-thus-formed
in-communication-with-the-air-chamber 64.
The closing device of the mould in which the rim 26 is moulded, consists of a plate
forming a hollow surrounding this rim mould 26. and is shewn in Fig. 13.
Two cam-grooves 72 are made in this plate 78 which terminates in a handle 70.
On the other hand two pins 71 are placed in the hinges 30 of the mould 26.
It will be now easy to understand that when the plate 78 is caused to turn by means
of the handle 70, say, from right to left, the grooves 72 which deerease-in-width-and
have eccentric shape bring the two sections of the mould 26 nearer together and
maintain them in place by pressure exercised by the plate 78 against the pins 71.
When it is desired to open the mould in order to remove the bottle and to take it
to the annealing oven the plate 78 is turned in the opposite direction by means of
the handle 70.
It is also necessary to lower the botton 55 of the finishing mould by bringing
drawing back the han lle bolt 65 et in the pipe 66 in which is enclosed the spring 67.
In this way the step-60 bolt which is engaged and held by the spring 67 in a
groove made in the rod 62 becomes disengaged from this opening and the rod 62
descends and lowers the bottom cover 55 into the position indicated in Fig. 9.
The machine shown in the various figures of the accompanying drawings requires
the attendance of only two workinen (one at the mould and one for bringing the
liquid glass to the mould) and it may be used in the manufacture of bottles of all
kinds with flat or recessed bottoms flask vases, with-or-without-handles, water
bottles, and other similar articles.
It is not necessary for these workinen to possess special knowledge, the work of the
man at the mould is not difficult considering that he may remain seated during
the greater part of the time necessary for the manufacture of each article, When the
glass contains enough alkali to enable several successive charges of glass to be taken
from the same vessel one workman can attend to several machines.
When bottles or other articles manufactured by the process herein described are to
have thick walls or when the glass used contains a large proportion of alkali (which
enables it to preserve its plasticity for a long time) it becomes necessary to wait for a
certain time before taking out the bottle so as to avoid the risk of its becoming
deformed in handling.
Bat-this-waste-ot-time-ean--be-avoided--and--consequently -the-rate-of- production

page_text: increased-by-arranging-frames-sufficiently-large--to-support
possible-to-use-two-simple-machines-for-each-stand.
several-monlds.-Or-it-is
In-this-way-the-rate--of--production--for-each- working-place--is-consid: rably-in-
ereased.
The-blowing-of-bottles-by the-means-described is--effected-by-compressed-air-or-by
any-other-suitablo-fluid-used-at-the-temperature-of-the-room-or-at-a-higher-tempera.
turеr
The-pressure-must-be--determined--a-cording--0--the--weight-and--volume-of-the
objects-to-be-manufactured-and-also-necording--to--the--eomposition-of-the-glass--en
air-compressed-by-a-pump-blower-or-any-other-suitable--device--is--supplied--to--the
machines by-pipes-provided-with-cocks-or--valves--which--the-workmen--operate--by
hand-or-the-valves-may-elose-automatically-by-means-of--springs-hich-enable--the
workman-te-open-them-with-his-foot-having-thus-the-hands-free-for-other manipula
whieh-depends-its-plasticity-consequently-its-more-or-less-rapid solidifiention.-The
tions..
The
valves-may-also-be-arranged-to-be-·losed-and--opened--by-the-parts--effecting
the-elosing-and-opening-of-the-mou'ds-5-and-6.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to ine by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I make no general claim to the
manufacture of bottles or the like by pouring molten glass into a rough
mould provided with a neck having a passage for compressed air, inverting the
neck so that the rough bottle is suspended from it, withdrawing the rough mould
and enclosing the rough bottle in a finishing mould, and admitting compressed
air to blow the bottle to shape, but what I claim is :-
1. A machine for the manufacture of bottles and other hollow articles of blown
glass substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
2. In a machine for the manufacture of bottles and other hollow articles of blown
glass the combination of a frame carrying the moulds with a bar enabling the rough
mould to be reversed the neck mould and the mechanism by means of which a rotary
or reciprocating motion can be communicated to the bottle during the blowing
substantially as described.
3. In a machine for the manufacture of bottles and other hollow articles of blown
glass the combination with the frame and mould supporting bar of a rough mould
and a finishing mould placed opposite each other and on the same plane so as allow
the roughly formed bottle to pass quickly from the rough into the finishing mould
substantially as described.
4. In a machine for the manufacture of bottles and other hollow articles of blown
glass the combination with the frame, the mould supporting bar 3, and rough and
finishing moulds placed opposite each other and on the same plane, of mechanism
serving to open and close the sections of the rough mould and finishing moulds
substantially as described.
5.--Iu-a-machine-for--the--manufacture--of-bottles--and--other-hollow--articles--of
blown-glass-the-combination-with-the-frame--mould--supporting--bar-the-rough-and
finishing-mouids-arranged--in--the--s me--plane--and--mechanism--for--opening--and
elosing-them-of a-bayonet-elosed-device-for-firmly-securing-the-bottom-covers-to-the
mould-substantially-as-described.
6.-In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture of-bottles-and-other-hollow-arti-les-of-blown
glass-the-combination-with-the--frame--mould--supporting--bar-rough-and-finishing
moulds-arranged-face-to-face-and-on-the-same--plane-device-for-closing-and-opening
the-moulds-and-bayonet-seeuring--device--for-holding--their-bottoms-of-the-closing
device-to-hold-the-sections-of-the-moulds-firmly-together-substantially-as-described
7.--In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture-of-bottles-and-other-hollow-articles-of-blown
glass-the-combination-with-the--frame--mould--supporting--bar-rough-and--finishing
moulds-arranged-face-to face-and-on-the-same-plane--mechanism-for-opening-ane
elosing-them-bayonet-elosing-devies-for-holding-their-bottoms-and-elosing-device-fo
holding-the-sections-of-the-rough--and-finishing-moulds-pressed tightly together-th

page_text: rough mould-being-shaped-to-enable-the-bottom-of-bottles-flasks-and-the-like-to-be
manufactured-in-this-first-mould-substantially-as-described.
S--In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture-of-bottles-and-other-hollow-articles-of blown
glass-the-combination-with-the-frame-mould-supporting-bar rough--mould--of--such
shape-as-to-enable-the-bottoms-of-bottles--and--the-like-to-be--produced-in-it--and
and-elesing-them-bayonet-closing-device-to-secure-their-bottoms--elosing-device-for
holding-the-sections-of-the-two-moulds-pressed-tightly-together-of-the-collar-mould
having a hollow-formed-between-an-onter-shell-and-the-collar--monld-said--hollow
enabling-the-rim-and-the-end-of-the-neck-to-be--maintained-at-a-sufficiently--high
temperature-thus-preventing-the-month-of-the-bottle-from-eracking-or-breaking
finishing-mould-arranged-face-to-face-and-on-the-same-plane mechanism for opening
owing-to-too-sudien-eooling-substantially-as-deseribed:
9--In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture-of bottles-and-other-hollow-articles-of-blown
glass-the-combination-with-the-frame-mould-supporting-bar-rough-monids--of--such
shape-as-to-enable-the-bottom-of-the-bottles-flasks-and-the-like- to-be--produced--in
them-finishing-monids-arranged-face-to-face-and-on-the-same-plane-mechanism--for
opening-and-elesing-them:-bayonet-elosing-device-for-seeuring-their-bottoms-closing
deviee-for-holding-the-sections-of-the-two-moulds--pressed-tightly--together-of-the
high-temperature-the-rod-27-made-of-a-substanee--which-is-a-bad-conductor-of-heat
and-enabling-the-interior-of-the-neek-of-bottles-and-other-similar-articles-to-be-per-
eellar-mould-enabling-rim-an 1-the end-of-the-neck-to-be-maintained-at-a-sufficiently
forated-simply-by-the- action--of-compressed-air-or-other-suitable--fluid-without
deseribed:
Heeessitating--the---introduction-of-a--mandril--into--the---neek--substantially--as
10.-In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture-of-bottles-und-other-hollow-articles-of blown
the-bottoms-of-bottles-flasks-and-the-like-to-be-produced-in--them-finishing-moulds
glass-the-combination-with-the-frame-mould-supporting--bar-rough moulds-enabling
arranged-face-to-face-and-on the-same--plane-mechanism-for-opening-and-elosing
them-bayonet-elosing-device-for-holding-the-bottoms-elosing device-for-seearing-the
halves-of-the-two-moulds-tightly-together-a-collar-mould-of-such-construction-as-te
maintain--the--extremity-of the--neck--at--a-suffieiently-high-temperature-a-red-(the
upper-part-of-which-is-of-non-conducting material)-serving-to-perforate-the-interior
of-the-neek-of-the-bo tles-and-the-like-under-the-action-of-compressed-air-a-plate-on
which a-glass-talls-when-introduced-into-the-rough-mould-as-well-as-for-forming-the
bottoms-of-the-moulds-substantially-as-and-for-the-purpose-described:
11-In-a-machine--for--the--manufacture of-bottles--and--other-hollow-articles--of
blown-glass-the--combination--of-the-frame--mould-supporting-bar-rough--moulds
enabling-the-bottom-of-bottles-earafes-and-the-like-to-be-produced-finishing-monlds
arranged-face-to-face-and-on-the-same--plane--mechanism--for--opening--and--elosing
them-bayonet-elosing-device-for-holding-the-bottoms-made-of--non-conducting--sub-
together-the-collar-mould-maintaining-the-rim-and-the-end-of-the--neek-at--a-suffi-
material-and-which-serves-to-perforate-the-neek-of--bottles-by-the-action--of--com-
pressed-air-and-mechanism-enabling-a-rotary-or-reciprocating-motion--to--be--com-
stanee-elosing-device for-holding-the- sections-of-the-two-moulds--pressed--tightly
eiently-high-temperature-rod- 27-the-upper-part-of-which-is-of--non- conducting
muniented-to-the-bottle-during-blowing-substantially-as-described.
12: In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture-of-bottles-and-other-hollow--articles--of
blown-glass-the-combination-of-the-frame--mould-supporting-bar--3--rough-moulds
enabling-the-bottom-of-bottles-carafes-and-the-like-to-be-produced-finishing-moulds
arranged-face-to-face-and-on-the-same-plane--mechanism-for-opening--and--closing
the-bayonet-elesing-device-for-securing-the-bottoms-in-place-closing-device-for-hold-
ing-the-sections-of-the-two-moulds-pressed--tightly together-collar-mould-maintain-
ing-the-ring-and-the-end-of-the-neek-at--a-sufficiently-high-temperature-red-27-with
the-upper-part-of-non-condueting-material-and-serving-to-perforate-the-neek-of-the
bottle-by-the-aetion-of-compressed-air-mechanism-enabling-a-rotary-or-reciprocating
motion-to-be-communicated-to-the-bottle-during-the-blowing-outer-casing-for-form-
ing-a-vacuum-in-the--neek--e--the--rough--mould--and--in--the-collar-mould-at-the

page_text: moment when-glass-is-being-introduced into-the-rough mould substantially-as-and
for the purpose described.
-13:-In-a-machine-for-the manufacture-of-bottles and other hollow-articles-of
blown-glass-the combination-of-a-frame-mould supporting bar rough-moulds enabling
the-bottom-of-bottles-to-be-formed-and-in-the-neck of which moulds-a-vacuum is
made-at-the-moment-when-the-glass-is-poured-in-finishing-moulds-arranged-face-to
device-for-securing-the-bottoms-in-place-closing-device-for-holding-the-sections-of
face-and-on-the-same-plane-mechanism-for-closing-and-opening them-bayonet closing.
the-two-moulds-pressed-tightly-together-a-collar mould-in-the-neck-of-which-a
vacunm-is-produced-at-the-moment-when-the-glass-is-poured-in-and-which-collar
mould-afterwards-maintains-the collar-and-the-end-of-the-neck-at-a-sufficiently-high
temperature-a-rod-the-apper-part-of-which-is-of-non-conducting-material-and-which-
serves-for-perforating-the-neck-of-bottles-by-the-action-of-fluid-under-pressure-and
bottle-during-the-blowing-operation-substantially-as-and-for-the-purpose-described.
-14-In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture-of-bottles-and-other-hollow-articles-of
mechanism-enabling-a rotary-or-reciprocating-motion-to-be-communicated-to-the
blown-glass-the-combination-of-a-frame-mould-supporting-bar-rough moulds having
double-walls-forming an air-chamber-said-moulds-enabling-the-bottom-of-bottles-to-
be-formed-and-in-the-neck-of-which-a-vacuum-is-produced-at-the-moment-when
glass-is-poured-in-fluid-under-pressure-being-at-the-same-time-admitted-on-the-top
in order to produce-compression finishing moulds-placed-face-to-face-and-on-the
same-plane-mechanism-for-opening-and-closing-them-hayonet-closing-device-for-
holding the bottoms-made-of-non-conducting material closing device-for-holding-the
sections of the two-moulds-tightly-together-a-collar-mould-in-the-neck-of-which-a
vacuum is produced-at-the-moment-when-glass-is-poured-in-and-which-mould-after-
wards maintaining-the-collar-and-the-end-of the-neck-at a sufficiently-high-tem
perature-a-rod-the-upper-part-of-which-is-of-a-non-conducting-material-and-which-
serves to perforate the neck-of-bottles by the-action-of
fluid-under-pressure-mechan-
ism-enabling a rotary-or-reciprocating-motion-to-be-given-to-the-bottle-during-the
blowing substantially as set forth.
15. In-a-machine for the manufacture of bottles and-other-hollow-articles of
blown glass, the combination-of-a-frame-mould-supporting bar, -rough-mould
having double walls and which-enables the bottom of the bottles to-be-formed-and-
in the neck of which a vacuum is produced at the moment when the glass is
poured in, fluid under pressure being at the same time admitted at the top-in order
to produce-compression, finishing moulds arranged face to face and on the same
plane said moulds having double walls forming a hollow space between them
mechanism for opening and closing the moulds bayonet closing device for securing
the bottoms-made of material which is a bad conductor of-heat, closing-device-for
holding the sections of the two moulds tightly pressed together a collar-mould in
which-a-vacuum is produced at the moment when glass is poured in, and which
afterwards maintains the rim and the end of the neck at a sufficiently high tem-
perature,-a-rod the upper part of which is made of material which is a bad-con--
ductor of heat-and-which rod-serves for perforating the neck of bottles under
the action-of-fluid-under-pressure-and mechanism-enabling-a-rotary-or-reciprocating
for-the-purpose described.
motion-to-be-communicated to the_bottle_during_the_blowing, substantially-as-and
-16.-In-a-machine for the manufacture-of-bottles-and-other-hollow-articles-of
blown glass, the combination of the frame mould supporting_bar_rough_moulds
having-double-walls.enabling the bottom of the bottles, to be formed.and-in-the-neck
of which-a-vacuum is produced at the moment when the glass is poured in, fluid
under pressure being at the same time. admitted in order. to produce compression,
finishing moulds having double walls and arranged face to face and on the same
plane, mechanism, for opening and closing them, bayonet closing-device for securing
the bottoms made of material which is a bad conductor of heat, closing device for
holding the sections of the two moulds tightly pressed together, a collar mould in
the neck of which a vacuum is produced in the moment when glass is poured out and

page_text: which-afterwards-maintains-the-rim-and-the-end-of-the-collar-at-a-sufficiently-high
temperature, a-rod-the-upper-part-of-which-is-made-of-material-which-is-a-bad-con-
ductor-of-heat-and-which serves to perforate the neck-of-the-bottle-under-the-action
of-fluid-under-pressure-and-mechanism-enabling-a-rotary-or-reciprocating-motion-to-
be-communicated-to-the-bottle-during the blowing the rough mould-being-so-formed-
at-its-base-as-to-produce-a-uniform-distribution-of-glass-in-the-walls-and-in-the
bottom-of-the-bottle, substantially-as-and-for-the-purpose-described.
|_17.-In-a-machine-for-the-manufacture-of-bottles-and-other-hollow-articles-of
blown-glass, a-frame-mould-supporting-bar, rough-moulds-having-double-walls-and-
so-shaped-as-to-produce-a-uniform-distribution-of-glass-in-the-walls-and-in-the
bottom-of-the-article-to-be-produced-and-in-the-neck-of-which-a-vacuum-is-produced-
at-the-moment-when-the-glass-is-poured-in, fluid-under-pressure-being-at-the-same-time
admitted-at-the-top-in-order-to-produce-compression, finishing-moulds,-with-double
walls arranged-face-to-face-on-the-same-plane, mechanism-for-opening and closing-
them, bayonet closing-device-for-securing-the-bottoms-made-of-inaterial-which-is-a
bad-conductor-of-heat, closing-device-for-holding-the-sections-of-the-two-moulds
pressed-tightly-together, a collar-mould-in-the-neck-of-which-a-vacuum-is-produced-
at-the-moment-when-glass-is-introduced-and-which-mould-after-the-completion-of-the
moulding-operation-sorves-to-maintain-the-rim-and-the-end-of-the-neek-at-a-sufficient
high-temperature-a-rod-the-upper-part-of-which-is-made-of-a-substance-which-is-a-
bad-conductor-of-heat-and-which-serves-to-perforate-the-neck-of-the-bottle-under-
the-action-of-compressed-air, and-mechanism-enabling-a-rotary-or-reciprocating-
mction-to-be-given-to-the-bottle-during-the-blowing-in-combination-with-the-
mechanism-enabling-the-bottom-55-to-be-raised-under-the-rough-bottle,-and-to
support-it-during-its elongation-till-the-bottom-has-arrived-at-its-correct-position-said-
purpose-described.-
bottom-being-provided-with-a-spring-controlled-part-60-substantially-as-and-for-the
-18-In-n-machine-for-the-manufacture-of-bottles-and-hollow-articles-of-blown
glass,-the-combination-with-a-frame,-mould-supporting-bar-rough-moulds-having-
double-walls-in-the-neck-of-which-moulds-a-vacuum-is-produced-at-the-moment-
when-glass-is-poured-in, fluid-under-pressure-being-at-the-same-timo-admitted-in-
to-face-and-on-the-same-plane, mechanism-for-opening-and-closing-them,-bayonet.
order-to-produce-compression,-finishing-moulds-having-double-walls, arranged-face-
closing-device-for-securing-the-bottoms-made-of-material-which-is-a-bad-conductor-
of-heat,-closing-device-for-holding-the-sections-of-the-two-moulds-pressed-tightly-
together, a-collar-mould-in-the-neck-of-which-a-vacuum-is-produced-at-the-moment-
when-glass-is-introduced-and-which-maintains-the-rim-and-the-end-of-the-neck-after
the-moulding-operation-at-a-sufficiently-high-temperature-a-rod-the-upper-part-of-
which-is-made-of-material-which-is-a-bad-conductor-of-heat-and-which-serves-for-
perforating-the-neck-of-the-bottles-under-the-action-of-fluid-under-pressure-
mechanism-enabling-the-bottom-to-be-raised-under-the-rough-bottle-and-the-latter-
to-be supported during its-elongation till-the bottom has reached the lower-end-of-
its-course-said-bottom-being-provided with-a-movable-valve-60-which-by-being-
raised-enables-the-coned-recess-of-the-bottle-to-be-increased-in-combination-with-
mechanism-for-closing-the-bottom-51-on-the-rough-mould-50-and-mechanism-for-
closing-the-collar-mould-substantially-as-and-for-the-purpose-described.
Dated this 11th day of June 1807
BOULT & WADE
Agents for the Applicant.