IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ARTHUR SAMUEL HAMAND of Palace Chambers, Bridge Street Westminster in
the County of Middlesex, Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER
STEAM ENGINES to be as follows
-
My invention consists of a new arrangement of the machinery In the case of a
Locomotive steam engine the ordinary boiler, firebox, &c are mounted upon two
independent bogie trucks, the centre of the front bogie being under the smoke box
and the centre of the hinder bogie being fixed sufficiently far behind the firebox to
permit of the bogie conveniently turning
Over the hinder bogie the footplate with supply of fuel and water may be
arranged
The bogies are alike, I need therefore describe only one of them
The bogie frame is carried upon two axles with wheels all of the same diameter
and all being driving wheels These axles are placed a considerable distance apart
Each axle has one crank midway between its wheels and two cranks, one on either
side of the central crank but on the side of the axle opposite to that of the central
crank One cylinder is placed in the centre of the bogie truck, free to move
longitudinally in slide bars The cylinder lies with its longitudinal axis in a
horizontal position at right angles to the axles and in the plane of their axes
cylinder may have either an ordinary piston with piston rod continued through
both ends of the cylinder or the cylinder may preferably be provided with a trunk
piston
The
The piston rod or the trunk piston, as the case may be, is then united by two
ordinary connecting rods to the central cranks of both axles. At or near the
centres of both sides of the cylinder are provided projecting pins to which are
attached one end of connecting rods, the other ends of the connecting rods being
coupled to the side cranks upon the axles In order to prevent a dead centre the
central crank and the side cranks are not placed at exactly 180 degrees apart but
at a slight variation from that position measured round the same half circle for all
the cranks on the same axle
Any of the ordinary valve gear may be provided.
Steam is conducted to the cylinder through a pipe at the centre of the bogie
truck and led through the unner slide in which the linder woule to an alanma

page_text: hole in the steam chest which is placed on the upper side of the cylinder and moves
with it After passing through the cylinder the exhaust steam is conducted
through a corresponding slide at the bottom of the cylinder and led up to the
smoke box in the usual way
Upon the admission of steam the piston is driven in one direction and the
cylinder in the opposite direction until the end of the stroke when their motions
are reversed. The whole strain of the steam in imparting motion to the wheels
takes place within the cylinder itself and is not transmitted to the engine framing
as in the ordinary way The axles also are not only coupled up without side rods
but the strain upon them due to torsion is reduced to a minimuin
One cylinder so arranged and so coupled is equivalent to two cylinders as they
are usually arranged for the purpose of manoeuvreing the engine.
The same arrangement is applicable to other engines such as marine engines for
driving twin screws and to locomotives with fixed frames without bogie trucks
TL dow of May 188K

page_text: Improvements in Locomotive and other Steam Engines
I, ARTHUR SAMUEL HAMAND of Palace Chambers Bridge Street Westminster in
the County of Middlesex Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCOMOTIVE AND OTHER
STEAM ENGINES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
-
My invention consists of a new arrangement of the machinery In the case of a
Locomotive Steam Engine the ordinary boiler, firebox &c are mounted upon two
independent bogie trucks, the centre of the front bogie being under the smoke box,
and the centre of the hinder bogie being fixed sufficiently far behind the fire box to
permit of the bogie conveniently turning
Over the hinder bogie may be arranged the foot-plate with supply of water and
fuel
The bogies are alike, though they may vary from each other in size, I need
therefore describe only one of them
The
The bogie frame is carried upon two axles, with wheels all of the same diameter,
and all being driving wheels. These axles are placed a considerable distance apart
Each axle has one crank midway between its wheels, and two cranks, one on either
side of the central crank, but on the side of the axle opposite to that of the central
crank One cylinder is placed in the centre of the bogie truck, free to move
longitudinally in slide bars The cylinder lies with its longitudinal axis, in a
horizontal position, at right angles to the axles, and in the plane of their axes
cylinder may have either an ordinary piston with piston rod continued through
both ends of the cylinder, or the cylinder may preferably be provided with a trunk
piston The piston rod, or the trunk piston, as the case may be, is then united by
two ordinary connecting rods to the central cranks of both axles At or near the
centres of both sides of the cylinder are provided projecting pins to which are
attached one end of connecting rods, four altogether in number, the other ends of
these connecting rods being coupled to the side cranks upon the axles In order
to prevent a dead centre the central crank and the side cranks are not placed at
exactly 180 degrees apart but at a slight variation from that position, measured
round the same half circle for all the cranks upon the same axle.
Any of the ordinary valve gear may be provided.
Steam is conducted to the cylinder through a pipe at the centre of the bogie
truck and led through the upper slide in which the cylinder works, to an elongated
hole in the steam chest, which is placed on the upper side of the cylinder and moves
with it After passing through the cylinder the exhaust steam is conducted
through a corresponding slide at the bottom of the cylinder and led up to the
smoke box in the usual way
Upon the admission of steam the piston is driven in one direction and the
cylinder in the opposite direction until the end of the stroke when their motions
are reversed The whole strain of the steam in imparting motion to the wheels
takes place within the cylinder itself and is not transmitted to the engine framing
as in the ordinary way The axles also are not only coupled up without side rods,
but the strain upon them due to torsion is reduced to a minimum.

page_text: $
diving twin screws, and to locomotives with fixed frames without bogie trucks
One cylinder may also be arranged to drive a single axle in the same way when 5
no other axle is required to be coupled to it
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure N° 1 18 an elevation of the front end of a locomotive showing bogie
frame complete, Figure N° 2 is an end elevation of cylinder showing side pins,
Figure N° 3 is a sectional plan through cylinder, piston, and ends of central 10
connecting rods, and Figure N° 4 is half general plan and half plan of the
machinery with upper cylinder guide bar and footplate removed
In these Drawings, a, a are the axles, b, b the central cranks, c, o the side
cranks, d the cylinder, e a lower slide bar for the cylinder, f the trunk of the
piston, g, g the central connecting rods, h, h pins at side of cylinder for attach- 15
ment of small ends of side connecting rods, 2, 2 connecting rods for side cranks,
k the elongated hole in the top of the valve chest for passage of steam to cylinder
Z the valve chest and m the exhaust steam pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 20
I claim 18,
1 The arrangement of machinery in a locomotive engine, substantially as
described, by which, in any even number of axles, each pair may be separately
coupled, without the use of siderods, by both axles being directly driven by one
cylinder and piston moving both equally in opposite directions, and by which 25
one cylinder, for manoeuvreing purposes, does the work usually requiring two
cylinders
2 A similar arrangement for any other steam engine to which it may be
applicable, for instance in the case of marine engines driving twin screws
3 A similar arrangement for any steam engine, but applied to drive ono axle 30
only
Dated this twenty sixth day of February 1886