IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MATCH-BOXES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen (of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MATCH-BOXES" communicated to him from abroad
by Frans Lundgreen of Stockholm Sweden Engineer
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1883.
PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY. FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MATCH-BOXES"
(A Communication to me from abroad by Frans Lundgreen of Stockholm Sweden
Engineer)
In the machine for the manufacture of the drawer of the box the paper is
applied in long rolls and with raw veneers without the risk of the cases becoming
blistered or crumpled.
In the machine for the manufacture of the exterior case, paper previously cut is
used, of the dimensions required for different sorts of cases, precisely as when the
cases are made by hand, in consequence of which the paper can be printed or not
and be folded whole round all the four sides of the case (so called, whole labels)
or on only a part of the case.
For this machine raw veneers are also used without the cases, becoming blistered
or crumpled.,
Another machine used in this manufacture is for the application of printed labels
or trade marks on the exterior case, when whole labels are not used, or when paper
for the labels or trade marks is wished to be of another colour than that of
the cases.
1
The machine for the manufacture of the drawer of the box consists of an iron
table on which are attached two receptacles, the one for the side veneers, the other
for the bottom veneers, and two spindles in the same centre line, the one spindle
has a rotary inotion, and the other a reciprocating motion. A form is fixed on the
rotary spindle around one part of which the side veneers and the paper is folded,
after which they are advanced to another part and from which they are further
transferred to a non-rotary form which is fixed on the reciprocating spindle.
[Price 10ď)

page_text: The motion is obtained through a driving axle on which is a cog wheel which
is partly without cogs, and which gears with a pinion on the aforesaid rotary
spindle.
While the larger wheel makes one revolution, the smaller one and the form make
two and besides remain at rest as long as is necessary for the transfer of the
folded veneer from the first form to the last form and the insertion of a new
vencer. The motion of the reciprocating spindle is obtained from a cam on the.
driving spindle by means of a rod running along the table.
On this rod is fixed a sleeve or advancer which with its one end embraces the
rotary axle and with the other the first form. On the driving axle are fixed a
cog wheel, an eccentric disc which communicates motion to a pusher or piston, also
three eccentric wheels, of which the first communicates motion to a lever shoe, the
second to folding over pieces and the third which is cam-shaped to fixing pieces
and to the reciprocating spindle.
•
When the machine is to work, the side veneers are put in their receptacle and
the bottom veneers in their receptacle the pusher or piston is put in motion, seizes
with its upright edge the undermost side veneer and advances it under the form
on which it is fastened by means of a presser attached to the form. The paper
intended for the boxes which is rolled round a reel passes afterwards under a
paste-feeder or box whereby it receives a coat of paste and further in a groove over
a roller which, with an upward motion, presses a part of the pasted paper against
the side veneer on which it sticks. When the form begins to rotate, the side
veneer attached to the form draws the paper with it, after which a roller, by
means of a spiral spring, presses the paper and the veneer together, so that they
are rolled round the form, after which the paper is cut off at a suitable place, by
toothed or very sharp shears.
During the rolling round the form, the paper is folded, by means of the movable
lever shoe in over the upper edge of the side veneer. In order to form the bottom
of the box, the bottom veneer is now pushed down by a little pusher or piston
from the receptacle to the end of the non-rotating form against which it is retained
by a pin which projects from the previous form after which the sides of the box
(the frame of the box) formed in the before named manner are advanced on to the
'stationary form. The paper attached to the side-veneers, on passing over the
previous form becomes perfectly folded in and pasted to the upper inside of the
side veneers.
In order that this folding process may take place, three thin discs are attached
to a movable socket which is fixed on the reciprocating axle. The folding over
and fixing of the paper to the bottom veneers is now effected by the four separate
pieces placed one on each of the four sides of the box and in an oblique direction
towards the bottom of the box.
The box is now ready and the reciprocating spindle by means of its eccentric
cam makes a backward movement by which the stationary form is released from the.
box, which then falls down from the machine. The machine for making the
exterior case consists of an iron table on which are secured a magazine for the
veneers, a form around which the veneers are to be folded, two rollers, one for
sticking the paper on the veneers and another for pressing the veneers to the form
while being folded, and a pusher for removing the case when ready. The motion
is obtained from a driving shaft to which is attached a cogwheel, partly destitute
of cogs; this and a smaller wheel, secured on the same spindle as the form gear.
together. While the larger wheel makes one revolution, the smaller one and the
form make two revolutions, and the smaller wheel is at rest as long as is necessary
for removing the case from the form and introducing a new veneer. This motion
is effected by a grooved cam fixed on the driving shaft and a rod running along
the table. On this rod are secured the pushing off instrument and a cross piece
with two arms for introducing the veneer to the form. In order to paste the paper
and advance it there are two cog-wheels in which an endless chain is made to gear
and on which chain an endless belt is secured. This belt together with the chain,

page_text: receives a periodical motion through an eccentric on the driving shaft and by pawl
and ratchet. The belt advances by this arrangement a certain distance, when the
driving shaft makes one revolution. Two cords placed in two grooves made in the
belt go over a roller. The paste feeder box hangs on a couple of pins over the
belt. The magazine containing the cut strips of paper which are to be folded
round the veneers is without .bottom and is of a shape and size to correspond
exactly to those of the strips of paper. These should be cut of the same size and
placed in bundles in this case. The paper is retained in the case by means of two
small projections at the lower edges of the same.
When the machine is to be set in motion, paste is to be put into the feeder and
paper placed in bundles in the magazine. When the driving shaft revolves the
chain with the belt moves as much as corresponds to the length of one of the cut
strips of paper. The belt is provided with a thin layer of paste when it passes
under the paste feeder. When the pasted part of the belt has advanced under the
paper magazine this is put down on the belt whereby the undermost strip of paper
adheres to the belt, after which the magazine is raised again and the chain with
the belt is set in motion anew and a fresh piece of paper adheres to the belt and
this process can be continued "ad libitum." When the machine is in continual
motion one piece of paper at a time advances to the part of the cords where
these are separated from the belt when the strip of paper follows the cords to a
flanged roller drum which separates it from the strings and then the paper falls
down on the iron table and is advanced over the aforesaid first roller. Almost
simultaneously a veneer has been introduced and attached to the form by means of
a spring, which is just then bent to the form. The roller lifts and presses the
pasted paper to the veneer thus introduced, after which the form is set in a rotary
motion when the veneer as well as the paper is folded round the same. By means
of a spiral spring the next roller is pressed against the form and forces the veneer
to follow after and be folded round the form and the exterior case of the match-box
being now ready is removed from the form through the pusher after which this
process is repeated afresh.
Instead of the above described chain and endless belt for the application of the
paste to the paper a wheel can be used which receives a periodical motion adapted
to the size of the paper and on this wheel which receives paste from the paste
feeder one strip of paper at a time is fastened.
In the same way paste can be applied to the veneers instead of to the paper.
The vencers are then placed in a bottomless box and a pusher or piston which has
a projecting edge, seizes the undermost veneer and advances it under the paste
feeder. The veneer receives a coat of paste when it passes under the feeder, the
piston returning and seizing a new veneer, which latter advances the former one
under the paper magazine and forwards it to the form where it is subjected to
pressure and remains sitting fast after which the veneer is raised by a small roller
and is pressed tightly against the paper in the magazine. The undermost strip of
paper gets fastened to the veneer which in the above named manner is, together
with the paper, folded round the form after which it is pushed out from the form.
The machine for labelling the match boxes is as follows:
By a treadle lever a clutch is put in gear with a revolving loose strap pulley by
which its spindle is set in motion. On this spindle is fixed a cam groove serving to
give a piston or pusher which is provided with a button head, reciprocating motion.
The boxes which are to be labelled, are laid down on each other in a deep box or
socket with the side upon which the label is to be attached when the machine is
set in motion, the piston pushes the undermost box under the paste feeder box
which at the bottom has a sufficiently large opening for the purpose of pasting the
box, and when the piston returns another box drops down out of the socket after
which the piston pushes forward this, so that the foremost box which is then
provided with paste comes under the labelling apparatus and is then pressed .
against a support fastened on the table on which the apparatus is fastened.
The labelling apparatus consists of an upright socket open at both ends and

page_text: whose shape and size correspond exactly to those of the labels. These ought all to
be cut of the same size and be laid by bundles in the socket, so that the side
intended to be pasted turns down towards the lower end of the socket.
In order to retain the labels in the socket, the edges of the latter, at the bottom,
are provided with two or more small projections.
Above the labels, a piece of wood, iron or other weight is laid, on which a rod
presses through a weight thereon which pressure is produced by a lever lifting up
the weight by means of bolts and when the bolts return, the weight falls down and
is retained at the rod by means of claws. The necessary pressure within the socket
for the purpose of attaching the labels may also be given by means of a spring
instead of the weight. When now, the pasted box which is to be labelled, comes
under the labelling apparatus, this latter falls down on the box and the bundle of
labels is pressed simultaneously against the box, when the undermost label fastens
itself to the box after which the weight is lifted up when the claws let go the rod
and the whole labelling apparatus is immediately afterwards raised, when the
piston pushes off the box thus labelled, first under a roller which prevents the box
from turning, and afterwards under a brush which presses hard and smooths out
the label. The box falls down afterwards through a shoot. The labels inay also
be attached through such an arrangement of the machine that the boxes are lifted
up towards the labelling apparatus which in such a case is fixed and immovable

page_text: 11
78
j
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Peter Jensen in the Patent Office on the 12th January 1884.1.
PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MATCH BOXES."
(A communication to me from abroad by Franz Lundgreen of Stockholm, Sweden,
Engineer)
1.
F
1:
In the machine for the manufacture of the drawer of the box, paper is applied
in long rolls and with raw, veneers without the risk' of the cases becoming
blistered or crumpled.
In the machine for the manufacture of the exterior.case, paper previously cut is
used, of the dimensions required for different sorts of cases, precisely as when
the cases are made by hand, in consequence of which the paper can be printed or
not and be folded whole round' all the four sides of the case (so called, whole
labels) or on only a part of the case.
For this machine raw veneers are also used without the cases becoming
blistered or crumpled.
Another machine used in this manufacture is for the application of printed
labels or trade marks on the exterior case when whole labels are not used, or when
paper for the labels or trade marks is wished to be of another color than that of
the cases.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side elevation of a machine for the
manufacture of the drawer of the box. Figure 2 a plan and Figure 3 a cross
section through line A. B. The machine consists of an iron table A on which are
attached two receptacles, the one B for the side veneers, the other C for the bottom-
veneers and two spindles in the same centre line, the one spindle D has a rotary
motion, and the other E a reciprocating motion.
A form F1 F2 is fixed on the rotary spindle D around one part F¹ of which form
the side vencers and the paper is folded, after which they are advanced to the
other part F2 and from which they are further transferred to a non-rotary form F³
which is fixed on the reciprocating spindle E.
The motion is obtained through a driving axle G on which is a cog wheel H
which is partly without cogs, and which gears with a pinion I on the aforesaid
rotary spindle D.
While the larger wheel makes one revolution, the smaller one and the form F' F'
make two and besides remain at rest as long as is necessary for the transfer of the
folded veneer from the first form F1 F2 to the last form F3 and the insertion of a
new veneer. The motion of the reciprocating spindle E is obtained from a cam K
on the driving spindle G in which cam K a groove is sunk in which runs a
roller L on an arm M which is movable round a pin fixed in the table A. The
other end of the arm M is connected to a rod N fitted into or running along the
side of the table A.
This rod is connected to a sleeve or advancer O which with its one end embraces
the rotary axle D and with the other the first form F¹. On the driving spindle G
are fixed cog wheel H, an eccentric disc P which by rod P¹ and levers Û and W
communicates motion to a pusher or piston T, also three eccentric wheels Q, R
and S the first of which (Q) communicates motion to a lever shoe a the second (R)
to the folding over pieces b and c and the third (S) which is cam shaped to the
fixing pieces d and e by means of roller s on sliding bar s¹ and by the levers 82
and to the reciprocating spindle E by the roller. 83 on the boss s* fixed on the
spindle E.
i

page_text: When the machine is to work, the side veneers are put into their receptacle B
and the bottom veneers in their receptacle C the pusher or piston T which by
means of the lever U and the link W is put in motion by the eccentric P, seizes
with its upright edge the undermost side veneer and advances it under the form F¹
on which it is fastened by means of a presser X attached thereto The paper
intended for the boxes and which is rolled round a reel i Figure 3 passes afterwards
under a paste feeder or box Y whereby it receives a coat of paste and further in
a groove over a roller Z on a lever Zª, which with an upward motion presses a
part of the pasted paper against the side veneer on which it sticks. When the
form F1 F2 begins to rotate the side veneer attached thereto draws the paper with
it, after which the roller h, by means of a spiral spring, presses the paper and the
veneer together, so that they are wrapped or rolled round the form, after which
the paper is cut off at a suitable place, by toothed or very sharp shears A¹.)
During the rolling round the form, the paper is folded, by means of the movable
lever shoe a, in over the upper edge of the side veneer. In order to form the
bottom of the box, the bottom vencer is now pushed down by the little pusher or
piston A" from the receptacle C to the end of the non-rotating form F³ against
which it is retained by a pin O" which projects from the previous form F² after
which the sides of the box (the frame of the box) formed in the before named
manner are advanced on to the stationary form F3. The paper attached to the
side veneers on passing over the form F2 becomes perfectly folded in and pasted to
the upper inside of the side veneers.
In order that this folding process may take place, three thin blades g Figure 2
are attached to the movable socket f which is fixed on the reciprocating axle E.
The folding over and fixing of the paper to the bottom veneers is now effected by
the four separate pieces bc de placed one on each of the four sides of the box
and in an oblique direction towards the bottom of the box, which pieces are
actuated by the eccentric wheels R and S.
The box is now ready and the reciprocating spindle E by means of its eccentric
cam S makes a backward movement by which the stationary form F³ is released
from the box, which then falls down from the machine.
Figure 1V is a side elevation of a machine for making the exterior case.
Figure V plan of same and Fig. VI cross section through the line A B.
The machine consists of an iron table A on which are secured a magazine B for
the veneers, a form C around which the veneers are to be folded, two rollers D
Figure 4 and D¹ Figures 4 and 6, the one for sticking the paper on the veneers
and the other for pressing the veneers to the form C while being folded, and a
pusher E for removing the case when ready. The motion is obtained from a
driving shaft F to which is fixed a cog wheel K, partly destitute of cogs and made
to gear with a smaller wheel K', secured on the same spindle C¹ as the form.
While the larger wheel K makes one revolution, the smaller one K¹ and the form C
make two, and the smaller wheel K' is at rest as long as is necessary for removing
the case from the form and introducing a new veneer. This motion is effected by
a cam L fixed to the shaft F.consisting of a cylinder and provided with a groove L¹
sunk in the same, In this groove a roller M moves fitted on the arm N which
turns on a fulcrum pin O secured to the table A. The other end of the arm is
connected to a rod P sunk into or running along the side of the table, and this
rod can thus receive a backward and forward motion and remain at rest according
to the direction of the cam groove L¹. On this rod or slide P are secured the
pushing off instrument E and a cross piece Q with two arms Q1, Q¹ for introducing
the veneer to the form C.
In order to paste the paper and advance it, there are two cog wheels a a
Figures 5 and 6 on which an endless chain b is made to gear. Over the endless
chain b is fastened an endless belt. This belt together with the endless chain
receives motion periodically through an eccentric c, on the driving shaft F, which
actuates the bell crank lever d which again transfers the motion by the link
to the lever e, on which is fixed the pawlf which actuates the ratchet f¹ which is

page_text: secured to the same spindle as the cog wheel a.
The belt advances by this.
arrangement a certain distance, when the driving shaft F makes one revolution.
Two endless cords g placed in two grooves made in the belt go over the roller h.
The paste feeder box i hangs on a couple of pins over the belt. k is a magazine
containing the cut strips of paper which are to be folded round the veneers. This
magazine or box is made without a bottom and is of a shape and size to, correspond
exactly to those of the strips of paper. These should be cut of the same size and
placed in bundles in this case. The paper is retained in the case by means of two
small projections at the lower edges of the same.
1
When the machine is to be set in motion, paste is to be put into the feeder i and
paper placed in bundles in the magazine k. When the driving shaft F revolves,
the chain 6 with the belt moves in the same direction as the arrows as much
as corresponds to the length of one of the cut strips of paper. The belt is provided
with a thin layer of paste, as it passes under the paste feeder i. When the pasted
part of the belt has advanced under the paper magazine k this is by rod d² put
down on the belt whereby the undermost strip of paper adheres to the belt; after.
which the magazine k is raised again and the chain with the belt set in motion
anew, and a fresh piece of paper adheres to the belt and this process can be con-
tinued "ad libitum." When the machine is in continual motion, one piece of
paper at a time advances to the part of the cords g where these are separated from
the belt, when the strip of paper follows the cords to the flanged roller drum
which separates it from the cords, g and then the paper falls down on the iron table
and is advanced over the aforesaid roller D. Almost simultaneously a veneer has
been introduced through the armis Q¹ from the bracket Q Figure 5 and has been
attached to the form C by means of a spring, which is just then bent to the form,
the roller D lifts and presses the pasted paper to the veneer. thus introduced after
which the form C is set in a rotary motion, when the veneer as well as the paper.
is folded round the same. By means of a spiral spring the roller D¹ is pressed
against the form C and forces the veneer to follow after and be folded round the
form and the exterior case of the matchbox being now ready is removed from the
form C through the pusher E after which this process is repeated afresh.
Instead of the above described chain and endless belt for the application of the
paste to the paper, a modification as shown partly in cross section Figure IX may.
be used, in which a wheel can be used which receives a periodical motion adapted
to the size of the paper, and on this wheel, which receives paste from the paste-
feeder i, one strip of paper at a time is fastened.
Figure VII shows a cross section and Figure VIII a plan of part of a machine,
for applying the paste to the veneers instead of to the paper. The veneers are then
placed in a bottomless box B and the pusher or piston m which has a projecting
edge seizes the undermost veneer and advances it under the paste feeder This
motion is produced by the crank n and the connecting rod o. The veneer receives!
a coat of paste when it passes under the feeder, the piston m returning and seizing
a new veneer which latter advances the former one under the paper magazine k
and forwards it to the form C where it is subjected to pressure and remains after
which the veneer is raised by a small roller p and is pressed tightly against the,
paper in the magazine k. The undermost strip of paper gets fastened to the,
veneer, which in the above named manner is folded round the form C, together.
with the paper after which it is pushed out from the form C, as ready for labelling.
by the pusher E, Figures 4 to 6 inclusive
Figure 10 shews an end elevation of a machine for labelling the match boxes
Figure 11 side elevation, Figure 12. a plan. Figures 13, 14 and 15 are enlarged.
eide elevation vertical section and plan of parts connected with the label holder.
and Figures 16, 17 and 18 enlarged front elevation part sectional side view and
plan of the paste feeder.
By a treadle lever a Figures 10 and 11 à clutch b is put in gear with a revolving
loose strap pulley c by which its spindle d is set in motion. On this spindle is

page_text: fixed a cylinder e having a cam groove e¹ serving to impart reciprocating motion
to a piston or pusher f which is provided with a button head running in the
groove e¹.
The boxes which are to be labelled, are laid down on each other in a deep box
or tube on the side upon which the label is to be attached. When the machine
is set in motion, the piston ƒ pushes the undermost box under the paste feeder
box (shown separately in Figures 16, 17 and 18) which at the bottom, has a
sufficiently large opening for the purpose of pasting the box, a brush for wiping
off the superfluous paste and when the piston returns another box drops down out of
the tube k, after which the piston pushes the box forward, so that the formost box,
which is then provided with paste, comes under the labelling apparatus n and is
then pressed against a support fastened on the table on which the apparatus is
fastened.
The labelling apparatus n consists of an upright socket open at both ends and
whose shape and size correspond exactly to those of the labels. These ought all
to be cut of the same size and be laid by bundles. in the socket, so that the
side intended to be pasted turns down towards the lower end of the socket.
In order to retain the labels in the socket, the edges of the latter at the bottom,
are provided with two or more small projections as described with reference to the
box & Figure 6.
Above the labels, a piece of wood, iron or other weight is laid. This is shown
in detail in Figures 13, 14 and 15. The rod u presses on the labels through a
weight w thereon which pressure is produced by a lever x Figures 11 and 12
lifting up the weight w by means of the bolts y, and when the bolts return the
weight w falls and is retained at the rod u by means of the claws 2. The
necessary pressure within the socket for the purpose of attaching the labels may
also be given by means of a spring instead of the weight w.
When now the pasted box which is to be labelled, comes under the labelling
apparatus, this latter falls down on the box and the bundle of labels is pressed
simultaneously against the box when the undermost label fastens itself to the box.
after which the weight w is lifted up, when the claws let go the rod u and the
whole labelling apparatus n Figure 12 is immediately afterwards raised by means
of the lever Figure 12 when the piston i pushes off the box thus labelled, first
under the roller o which prevents the box from turning and afterwards under the
brush p which presses hard and smooths out the label.. The box falls down
afterwards and passes off through the shoot q. The labels may also be attached
through a reverse arrangement of the machine so that the boxes are lifted up
towards the labelling apparatus, which in such a case is fixed and immovable...
I claim as the invention communicated to me.
First-The machine for making the drawer or inner case of a match box
having the following essential parts or features viz: a receptacle for superposed
side veneers which one by one are pushed in order together with the paper to
form the sides of the case the paper being folded down over them by advancing
same over a form; an arrangement for retaining the bottom veneer against the
end of a non rotating form, the sides of the case being transferred thereto; the
means for folding the paper, and pressing it against under side of bottom of case,.
and the means for releasing the pushed box from the non-rotating form all
substantially as described and also as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Second The machine for making the outer case of a match box having the
following essential parts or features viz the modes of applying the paste either by
endless band to each paper strip or direct to the veneer which is then brought to a
bottomless box containing the paper strips, which are held by bottom projections
the lowermost strip being removed by contact with the pasted endless band
or the pasted veneer all substantially as described and also as shown in
Figures 5 to 9. .
'
1
Third The machine for labelling 'having, the following essential parts or

page_text: features viz the tube or holder for the boxes whence the latter one by one by &
piston are advanced under a paste feeder; the bottomless label bolder with bottom
projections and having a rising and falling motion, and the mode of advancing the
labelled box substantially as described and also as shown in Figures 10 to 18.
In witness whereof I the said Peter Jensen have hereunto set my hand and
seal this twelfth day of January in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.
P. JENSEN (L.S.)