IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CHAIRS AND THE METHOD OF SECURING RAILS THEREIN to be as follows :-
Year: 1888

page_text: I GEORGE WILLIAM WILLFORD of Don Bank House Attercliffe, Sheffield in the
County of York, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CHAIRS AND THE METHOD OF SECURING RAILS THEREIN
to be as follows :-
"
This invention relates to an improved method of securing the rails to railway chairs
and of securing the rails together obviating the use of fish plates and fish nuts
and bolts.
In carrying this invention into effect I take a rail rolled to any section and punch
therein at each end two or more recesses as required.
The action of punching the rail on the one side to obtain the recess forms a lug or
nib on the reverse side.
The chairs will be cast in two sizes, the larger size being the joint chair; the said
joint chair has four or more recesses on the one side to receive the nibs on the rails,
and the opposite side of the said chair is taper having a vertical recess therein.
The smaller chairs for supporting the rail between the joint chairs are cast without
recesses on the one side but have a vertical recess in the taper side thereof.
To hold the rails securely in the joint chairs I cast or otherwise make a plate having
four or more nibs on the rail side to fit into the recesses in the rails and a vertical
projection on the reverse side, also a taper wedge having a vertical recess on the one
side and a projection on the other which fits into the recess in the taper side of the
said chair and having two holes cast through it to receive bolts.

page_text: When the nibbed plate is placed to the rail I force the wedge between the taper
-side-of-the chair and the plate, and the projection. and recess prevent it moving to
either side; and two square headed bolts passed from the underside of the chair
through the wedge and secured with nuts retain the whole firmly in position in the
said chair.
The plate for the smaller chairs will be cast without the nibs on the one side but
with the vertical projection on the other and the taper wedge will be made precisely
the same as that for the joint chair but smaller and with but one bolt hole.
The chairs as above described will be attached to the sleeper in the same manner
as those at present in use.
Dated this 12th day of March 1888.
GARLICK & MCGOWAN,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in Railway Chairs and the Method of Securing Rails
therein.
I GEORGE WILLIAM WILLFORD of Don Bank House Attercliffe Sheffield in the
County of York manager, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention.for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY CHAIRS AND THE METHOD OF SECURING RAILS THEREIN."
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved method of securing the rails to railway
chairs, and of securing the rails together dispensing with fish plates also fish nuts
and bolts.
In carrying this invention into effect, 1 take a rail rolled to any section and punch
therein a required number of recesses.
The action of punching the rail on the one side to obtain the recesses forms lugs or
nibs on the roverse side thereof.
The chairs will be cast in two sizes the larger being the "Joint Chairs" and the
smaller the intermediate chairs for supporting the rails between the Joint Chairs.
The said Joint Chair" has four or more recesses on the one side to receive a
corresponding number of lugs or nibs on the rail, and the opposite side is taper and
has a vertical recess therein.
The intermediate chairs are cast without recesses on the one side, but have the.
vertical recess in the taper side thereof.
To hold the rails securely in the joint chairs I cast or otherwise make a plate having
four or more nibs on the rail side to fit into the recesses in the rail and a vertical
projection on the reverse side; also a taper wedge having a vertical recess on-the
one side and a projection on the other which fits into the recess in the taper side of
the said chair and having two holes therein to receive bolts, and being countersunk to
bury the nuts, and the said nuts being prevented from turning by means of
small keys.
-
The plate for the small chairs will be cast without the nibs on the one side, but with
the vertical projection. on the other, and the taper wedge will be made precisely the
same as that for the joint chairs but smaller and with but one bolt hole.
The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention, the following being a
description thereof, the same letters in the different views referring to the same
detail parts
A is the chair, B the rail, C the nibs, D) the recesses in the chair, E the plate, F the
plate nibs, G the rail recesses, H the vertical projection on the plate, I the taper wedge,
J the vertical projection on the wedge, W the vertical recess.in the wedge, K the nut
and bolt, L the slots, M the small keys, N the countersunk portions of the wedge.
The following letters refer more particularly to the detail parts as described in the
modification hereto,-
O and Pare the wedge projections, Q the plato nibs, R the plate, S the longitudinal
grooves or recesses, T the iaper wedge.
Fig. 1, is a side view in elevation of the rail and chair.
Fig. 2 is a plan in part section of Fig. 1-through W X.

page_text: Fig. 3, is a side view in elovation of a T rail and chair.
Fig. 4, is a front elevation of a broken bull head rail.
Fig. 5, is a section of the rail through a nib.
Fig. 6, is a front view in elevation of a Trail.
Fig. 7, is a section of a T rail through a nib.
Figs. 8 and 9, are plans of keys for preventing the bolt nuts turning.
Fig. 10, is a plan of the wedge.
Fig. 11, is a side view in elevation of the wedge.
Fig. 12, is a plan of the nibbed plate.
Fig. 13, is a side view in elevation of the nibbed plate.
Fig. 14, is a side view in elevation of the rail and chair shewn as a modification.
Fig. 15, is a plan of Fig. 14 through Y Z.
Fig. 16, is a front elevation of the plate relating to Fig. 14.
Fig. 17, is an end view of Fig. 16.
Fig. 18, is an end view of the taper wedge relating to Fig. 14.
Fig. 19, is a front elevation of Fig. 18.
When the nibbed plate E is placed in the rail B, I force the taper wedge I
between the taper side of the chair A and the said plate E, and the projection J and
the recess W prevent it moving to either side, and the two square headed bolts K
passed in slots L in the side of the chair, and the wedge I placed over the said bolts K
and the nuts screwed thereon and into the countersunk portions N and the small
keys M fitted therein, retain the whole firmly in position in the said chair A.
As a modification hereof, I construct the plate and wedge with longitudinal grooves
or recesses and projections instead of the vertical ones before described, dispensing
with the nuts and bolts and having but one nib and one recess on each end of the rail
and the plate and chair corresponding thereto.
In carrying this modification into effect the rail is placed in the chair, and the
plate R put next thereto, and the wedge T driven home in the ordinary manner, and
the projection O, which is lower than the projection P, fits into longitudinal recess S
in the plate R and the projection P fits into the longitudinal recess on the chair;
projection Othus being lower than projection P forms the bind which holds the whole
firmly in position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly, improvements in a rail having nibs and recesses formed thereon to which is
fitted a plate formed with corresponding nibs, and a taper wedge having a projection
and recess and bolt holes for bolts substantially as set forth.
Secondly, in a chair having recesses cast therein to receive the nibs on the rails,
and slot to receive the bolts, also a vertical recess to receive corresponding projection
on the wedge.
Thirdly, in the combination of chair and rail, also nibbed plate taper wedge and
bolts.
Fourthly, improvements in a rail having a nib or nibs and recesses formed thereon
to which is fitted a plato having a longitudinal groove, and a taper wedge having
projections one on each side, one fitting into the recess in the plate, and the other into
the recess in the jaw of the chair, and the construction and combination being as
firstly, secondly and thirdly claimed, as hereinbefore specified described and as
illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 8th day of June 1888