Improvements in the Purification of Pyrolignites.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 27th May, 1892-Accepted, 2nd July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Purification of Pyrolignites.
We, FREDERICK HARTLEY PICKLES, Albeyville, Fairfield, in the County of
Lancaster, and ROBERT HENRY PICKLES, of Fern Lea, Marple, in the County
of Chester, Chemical Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the purification of pyrolignites, such as pyroligneous
or wood acid, the brown and grey acetates (or pyrolignites) of lime, pyrolignite of
iron or black iron liquor, and crude acetate of soda, by the separation therefrom of
empyreumatic or tarry matters.
Hitherto the pyrolignites have been purified, or the tarry matters removed
therefrom by processes which are more or less costly, such as by distillation, or
crystallization, or by treating with expensive reagents.
This invention is designed to accomplish this in an effectual and inexpensive
manner by utilizing a waste or bye product for the purpose.
It consists essentially in treating the pyrolignite with the carbonaceous residue
from the manufacture of prussiate potash, or with animal or vegetable carbon
prepared by carbonising animal or vegetable matter in contact with carbonates,
hydrates or sulphides of the alkalies or alkaline earths.
In carrying out the invention we take the pyrolignite in a liquid form, and add
thereto a quantity of prussiate residue or other prepared carbonaceous matter, at
the same time raising the temperature as may be required. The prussiate residue
now combined with the empyreumatic or tarry colouring matters, is separated
from the liquor by any suitable process such as settling the residue and decanting
or syphoning or filtering off the clear liquid.
The liquid may then be concentrated to any required specific gravity.
It will be understood that a material may be specially prepared by treating
carbonaceous matter (preferably animal) with an alkali or alkaline earth
having a composition similar to the prussiate residue which may be used for the
same purpose.
The quantity of the alkaline carbonaceous matter or prussiate residue used may
be regulated to the amount of tarry matter present in the pyrolignite, and by this
means we are able to obtain an acetate more or less free from empyreumatic
matters according to the proportion of the prussiate residue used.
Dated this 27th day of November 1891.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Purification of Pyrolignites.
We, FREDERICK HARTLEY PICKLES,. of Abbeyville, Fairfield, in the County
of Lancaster, and ROBERT HENRY PICKLES, of Fern Lea, Marple, in the
County of Chester, Chemical Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the purification of, or separation from, the substances
known as pyrolignites, such as pyroligneous or wood acid; the brown or grey
acetates (or pyrolignites) of lime; black iron liquor or pyrolignite of iron; and
crude acetate of soda-of empyreumatic or tarry matters.

page_text: Hitherto these pyrolignites have been purified and the tarry matters removed
therefrom by slow and expensive processes such as by distillation or by
crystallization or by treating them with expensive reagents.
This invention is designed to provide for the removal from such pyrolignites as
above named of empyreumatic or similar impurities in an effectual and inexpensive
manner and for the use of a bye or waste product for the purpose.
It consists essentially in treating the pyrolignite whilst in solution or in a
liquid state with the carbonaceous residue obtained in the manufacture of prussiate
of potash, or with a carbonaceous substance prepared by carbonizing or calcining
animal matter (such as horn, leather or the like) in contact with carbonates or
hydrates of the alkalies.
In carrying out the invention a solution of the pyrolignite to be purified is
placed in a vat or pan in which it can be heated. To the pyrolignite solution is
then added a sufficient quantity of the prussiate residue or animal carbonaceous
matter prepared as above stated and the liquor heated until it reaches boiling
point. The prussiate residue or residual carbonaceous matter then combines with
the empyreumatic or tarry matters.
The insoluble matters are allowed to settle and may be separated from the
purified liquor by any suitable process such as decanting or syphoning or filtering
off the liquor or by means of a filter press or similar apparatus.
The purified liquor may then be concentrated to any required specific gravity, or
to dryness.
The quantity of the prussiate residue or alkaline carbonaceous matter used will
be regulated to the quantity of empyreumatic or tarry impurities present in the
pyrolignite. For an average sample of pyrolignite containing about 25 to 30 0 per
centum of impurities we add about 50 per centum by weight of the prussiate residue
to completely remove the impurities.
An acetate more or less pure or free from these empyreumatic matters or
impurities will thus be obtained according to the proportion of the prussiate residue
or alkaline carbonaceous matter used.
Although it is understood, that the alkaline carbonaceous material may be
specially prepared by the carbonizing or calcining of animal matters in the
presence of carbonates or hydrates of the alkalies we prefer to use for the purpose
of the invention the prussiate residue now considered as waste product.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. In the purification of pyrolignites from empyreumatic or tarry colouring
matters the use of the carbonaceous residue or material obtained in the manufacture
of prussiate of potash or the residue obtained by the carbonizing of animal matter
with the carbonates or hydrates of the alkalies substantially as described.
2. The process of purifying pyrolignites or separating therefrom empyreumatic
or tarry matters which consists in treating a pyrolignite solution with a quantity of
the residual alkaline carbonaceous material obtained in the manufacture of
prussiate of potash, or by carbonising animal matter in contact with an alkaline
carbonate or hydrate, and then separating or removing the insoluble matter from
the clear liquor substantially as described.
Did this orth dow of M 1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents..
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents..