A NEW METHOD OF RAISING WATER BY PUMPS OR OTHER ENGINES BY MEANS OF AN APPARATUS FOR MOVING THE PISTON ROD DIFFERENT TO THAT WHICH IS AT PRESENT USED, WHEREBY A PUMP OR OTHER ENGINE WILL BE CAPABLE OF RAISING A LARGER QUANTITY OF WATER THAN CAN BE RAISED BY THE APPARATUS COMMONLY USED, AND THAT WITHOUT REQUIRING ANY ADDITIONAL FORCE OR POWER. TO WORK THE PUMP OR ENGINE, OR ANY GREATER SPACE OR WIDTH IN THE BORE THEREOF
Year: 1799

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
LANDER, of Mere, in the County of Wilts, Brass Founder, send grecting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Ninth day of November, in the fortieth year of His reign, give and grant unto
me, the said William Lander,. His especial licence, that I, the said William
Lander, during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A NEW METHOD OF RAISING WATER BY
PUMPS OR OTHER ENGINES BY MEANS OF AN APPARATUS FOR MOVING THE PISTON ROD
DIFFERENT TO THAT WHICH IS AT PRESENT USED, WHEREBY A PUMP OR OTHER ENGINE
WILL BE CAPABLE OF RAISING A LARGER QUANTITY OF WATER THAN CAN BE RAISED BY
THE APPARATUS COMMONLY USED, AND THAT WITHOUT REQUIRING ANY ADDITIONAL
FORCE OR POWER. TO WORK THE PUMP OR ENGINE, OR ANY GREATER SPACE OR WIDTH
IN THE BORE THEREOF;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
proviso obliging me, the said William Lander, under my hand and seal, to
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and how the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chan-
cery within one calendar month after the date of the said recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully
and at large appear.
14.3 5
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Lander, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in
manner herein-after set forth, and in the annexed Plate, the figures of which

page_text: -
shew part or parts of a wheel or circle moving a rack or racks by a rotary or
continued circular motion, and causing the piston rod or rods to make a
longer stroke, and thereby raise a greater quantity of water with the same
bore, power, and time, than by cranks or any other mode now in use where it
may be applied.
Figure 1 represents a semicircle, whose radius suppose to be four inches,
and periphery twelve inches, consequently the length of the stroke of the
piston must be twelve inches, being connected with the rack the power of a
winch (if used) applied to the centre of motion at A may be extended in
proportion as six to one, or two feet to four inches. A, the centre of motion;
B, semicircular wheel, which alternately acts upon the racks C, C, and moves the
piston up and down perpendicularly, while it continues its own circular motion;
D, D, grooved rollers to guide the rack.
Figure 2 represents three quarters of a circle, of the same radius as the
preceding one, of course the are is eighteen inches, being likewise the length
of the stroke of the piston; the other quarter of a larger circle is to depress or
sink the piston rod A, the center of motion.
Figure 3 is more particularly adapted to large pumps for mines, being a
little more simple in its construction, but on the same principle, and has the
same effect as Figure 1.
Figure 4 and 5 is about three quarters of a circle, for the same purpose, and
has nearly the same effect as Figure 2.
Figure 6 represents two semicircles reversed (on one axis), and their racks
acting alternately to work two pumps, one piston rising while the other is
depressed; and though only one pump raises the weight or water at once, yet
both strokes being made in one revolution, will be equal to twenty-four inches
(the radius of the wheel being four inches, as in Figure 1); each turn or revo-
lution may be made in about the same time as a person can lift and depress
the handle of a common pump that raises no more than seven or eight inches
of water.
Figure 7 is one on the same construction as Figuro 1, but by the addition
of a weight on a beam (as described in the Figure), is made to lift the water
with one half the power, as at Figure 1 (the dimensions being the same.
For example, suppose the weight to be raised be four hundred pounds, if two
hundred pounds is affixed to the beam at A, it reduces the weight to be raised
to two hundred pounds; there will then be two hundred pounds on each side,
and the work will be regular, whereas in Figure 1 it is lifted only on one
side. Again, suppose four hundred pounds to be lifted by Figure 6 (which
weight will be continued through the whole revolution) by a lever, in propor-

page_text: tion as six to one, the same weight may be lifted by Figure 7, by a lever pro-
portioned as three to one, i. e., two feet to eight inches, by fixing two hundred
pounds to the beam, the power being in this case but one half as much as the
other, and the weight also reduced one half, the stroke will be twenty-four
inches, as in Figure 6.
The different forms delineated in the annexed Plate is principally to shew
that the form may be varied according to the purpose requiring it, or at the
option or fancy of any person, and will admit of a still greater variety of con-
struction without departing from the original principle of the Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lander, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, One thousand seven