AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COVERED ROLLER TO BE USED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Wignall Midgley, of Keighley, in the County
of York, Mechanic, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF
COVERED ROLLER TO BE USED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wignall Midgley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th January 1858.
I, JOHN WIGNALL MIDGLEY, of Keighley, in the County of York, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUC
TION OF COVERED ROLLER TO BE USED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING MACHINERY,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved mode of constructing the covered
rollers used in the preparing and spinning of wool, cotton, and other fibrous
materials. The rollers are formed of two metal plates or discs, cast with a
cylindrical projection or flange on the inner face of each, and concentric with
the periphery of the disc. The diameter of these cylindrical projections is such
relatively that one will fit into the other, and the two plates being screwed
together form a roller. A boss is cast on one of the plates to receive the axle of
the rollers, and a central hole is made in each for the passage through of the
axle. The leather or other elastic covering for the roller is laid round the outer
flange and gripped at its opposite edges by the plates, which are provided with

page_text: rings of indentations at the parts that come in contact with the elastic covering.
The plates are thus enabled to hold the covering securely between them when
they are drawn together by the binding action of the connecting screws. By
this mode of construction a considerable economy in the amount of leather or
covering material is effected, and the rollers are also far more durable than the
present wood rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Wignall Midgley in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th July 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WIGNALL MIDGLEY, of Keighley, in the County of York, Mechanic, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Wignall Midgley, Her special license that I, the said
John Wignall Midgley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said John Wignall Midgley, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF COVERED ROLLER TO BE USED IN
PREPARING AND SPINNING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Wignall Midgley, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal; should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
+
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Wignall Midgley, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-

page_text: This Invention relates to an improved construction of covered roller (to be
used in preparing and spinning wool, cotton, and other fibrous materials); the-
leather or other elastic covering of which may be held firmly in its place
by a binding or screw pressure, and when worn out may be readily detached
and replaced by a fresh covering. Heretofore it has been the practice to make
the covered rollers of wood turned to the desired shape and covered with
leather, which is strained tightly over the periphery of the roller and secured at'
the opposite sides thereof by rings of nails driven through the leather into the
wood. This modo of constructing covered rollers is shewn at Figures 1 and 2
in the accompanying Drawing. The disadvantages attending this construction
of roller are not merely that it is liable to warp and split, but that there
is necessarily a large consumption of leather or covering material owing to the
necessity for lapping over the edges sufficiently far to give the nails a good
hold of the material. In order to construct a roller that shall be. free from
these disadvantages, I employ metal for the base of the roller, and hold
the leather or other covering material in its place by the grip of two pressing
plates, as will be now described.
The mode in which I prefer to carry out my Invention will be seen by
reference to the accompanying Drawing, wherein Fig. 3 is a side view of the
improved covered roller; Fig. 4 shews a pair of such rollers mounted on their
spindle, the one being in edge view and the other in cross section; and Fig. 5
is a view of the roller with the side plate (shewn detached at Fig. 6) removed
to expose the construction of the interior.
a, a, is a cast-iron wheel or core, the boss of which is bored to receive the
axle b, and tapped to receive a screw c which secures it to that axle. Lapped
round the periphery of this wheel a, and strained over its edges, is the leather
or other covering material d, a layer of felt or other elastic material being
placed (if required) between the metal and the leather or other covering
material. Strung on to the axle at either side of the wheel a is a cast-iron
plate e, in which holes are made to receive the screws f which connect the
plates together. On the inner face of each of these plates, near the edge
thereof, a ribbed or roughened surface is formed (see Fig. 6), which surface is
intended to bear against the leather or other covering, and hold it firmily
in place. The screw holes in one of the plates are countersunk, and in the
other tapped to receive the screws. When therefore the covering material is
strained over the internal core or wheel a, and the plates e are drawn up to
their place by means of the screws f, the plates will bind tightly against the
leather or other covering and hold it firmly in place. By this mode of
construction an economy in the amount of leather or covering niaterial

page_text: required to cover the rollers will be effected, and a strong and durable covered
roller will be obtained.
Having thus set forth the nature of my Invention of "An Improved Con-
struction of Covered Roller to be used in Preparing and. Spinning Machinery,"
and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be
understood that I do not confine myself to the details of construction above
described, as slight modifications might readily be made therein without
departing from the nature of my Invention; but what I claim under the above
in part recited Letters Patent is straining the leather or other covering over a
metal surface, and securing it in position by plates or pressing surfaces in the
manner and for the purpose herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Wignall Midgley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
WILLIAM BURR, Solicitor,
Keighley.
JOHN WIGNALL MIDGLEY. (L.S.)