Improvements in, and connected with, Steam Generators and Furnaces therefor.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 4th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 6th Nov., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in, and connected with, Steam Generators and
Furnaces therefor.
I, ROBERT SCOTT, of 292, Camden Road, in the County of London, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to that class of steam generator wherein the fuel is
placed upon a solid plate or the equivalent (instead of, as is usual, upon fire
bare) and combustion supported by the introduction of a suitable forced or
induced dianght through suitably formed and placed tuyers.
My principal object is to provide an arrangement for the above purpose
adapted to be inserted within and as easily removed from the flue of a Cornish,
Lancashire, Scottish, marine or other similar boiler in lieu, or after the removal,
of the usual fire bars or grate
The improvements, according to my invention, consist of a semi-circular or
other shell, corresponding in contour to the boiler flue to which they are intended
to be applied
The top of the shell preferably extends from side to side of the boiler flue,
similar to the position at present occupied by the fire bais, and uns longi-
tudinally in the same manner in which the fire bars are at present fixed.
A number of pipes pass through the top and bottom plates of the shell, and
ale connected at the bottom with an au chamber The top of the above pipes
are suitably constructed with outlets at about 1ight angles, and nearly horizontal
to the top plate of the shell. These outlets consequently act as tuyeies as is well
understood These pipes and tuyers are preferably placed in lines, and the
number is regulated according to the size of the top plate of the shell
The fuel is placed upon the top plate of the shell and combustion is supported
by the introduction of an under pressure, by means of a fan or compressor or
otherwise. This fan or its equivalent is suitably connected by pipes to the air
chamber which 18 placed underneath the shell and air is thereby conveyed to
the pipes and tuyers. The tuyers are preferably placed alternately, the shell
upon which the fuel is placed preferably contains water or alternatively it may
be covered with refractory material This water may be used as the feed
water for the boiler or for any other purpose
A modification of my invention consists in dispensing with the beforemen-
tioned shell and substituting a number of water tubes, closely abutting each
other, the fuel being placed upon these pipes, and combustion supported by air
passing through tuyers or pipes substantially as described.
The shell having been placed in position, a cover-plate is bolted over the
front of the said Hue and this cover plate contains an air inlet that is con-
nected to the air chamber herein before mentioned
Dated this fith day of November 1999

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in, and connected with, Steam Generators and
Furnaces therefor.
I, ROBERT SCOTT, of 292, Camden Road, in the County of London, Gentle-
man, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement.--
My invention relates to that class of steam generator wherein the fuel 18
placed upon a solid or imperforate plate (instead of, as is usual, upon fire bars)
and combustion supported by the introduction of a forced draught through suit-
ably formed and placed tuyeres.
My principal object is to provide an arrangement for the above purpose and
whereby the economies and improvements hereinafter indicated are effected
In particular I provide an arrangement that is capable of being inserted
within, and as easily removed from, the furnace of a water-tube boiler, a refuse
destiuctor fui nace, or the flue of a Cornish, Lancashire, Scottish, marme or
other similar boiler in lieu, o after the removal, of the usual fire bais o grate
By my invention I am enabled to use cheaper classes of fuel (for example
small coal or coal dust) in the furnace, to render the combustion much more
complete, and the arrangement is such that the fuel is consumed in intimate con-
tact with the water to be heated.
The characteristic features of my invention are that the fuel is placed upon an
imperforate and water-containing supporting plate, tuyeres with closed tops
and lateral or deflected discharge ofices extending through the water-contain-
ing plate and forming the only communication between the combustion chamber
and a chamber beneath the water-containing fuel-supporting plate into which air
is forced under pressure
The particular construction of tuyties avoids the pos-
sibility of then becoming clogged or of the small particles of fuel falling through
them into the an chamber beneath and at the same time the au 18suing from
them is directed laterally so as to compel it to percolate through the fuel layer
and thus assist combustion to the greatest degiee
According to my invention the fuel-supporting plate may consist of a chamber,
passage oi pasages for the enculation of water and the series of tuyeies which
pass vertically up through the fuel-supporting plate and are closed at the top
but have lateral or deflected discharge orifices though which an is fed to the
fuel, may be cast in one with the fuel-supporting plate or they may be made
of separate pieces of metal removably secured to the fuel-supporting plate,
and the chamber, passage or passages in the plate may be connected with the
feed water system and with the boiler The said tuyeies may in some instances
also serve to brace the upper and lower parts of the fuel-supporting plate
together The fuel-supporting plate may be made in sections, or of tubes,
which are connected at opposite ends to boxes on heads which in tuin may be
connected with the feed water system and boileı The tuyees are fed with air
under pressure from a common chamber below the fuel-supporting plate
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention,
Figure 118 a front elevation, partly in section, and
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation taken on the line A-B Figure 1 of a marine
boiler with my invention in one toim applied thereto
Figure 3 is a plan of the giate
Figure 4 18 a detail, hereinafter referred to, diawn to an enlarged scale.
Figures and illustrate in transverse section two modifications, and
Figures 6 and 8 are plans thereof respectively
Figure 9 is a longitudinal section illustrating the adaptation of my invention
to a water-tube boiler,

page_text: Figure 10 is a transveise section through the furnace of a battery of such
boilers drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 11 is a longitudinal section on the line C-D Figure 10, and
Figure 12 is a similar section on the line F-F, and
Figure 13 is a transverse section through the giate illustrating a mode of
construction thereof
are
Referring first particularly to Figures 1, 2, and 3 a is the air chamber and
18 the water chamber The walls of the air chamber a consist of the lower
plate of the water chamber and a shell c Though the water chamber b pass
the tuveres d preferably in the form shown in Figure 4 These tuveres
closed at their tops and are provided with laterally-directed nozzles e immediately
beneath, by means of which communication 18 established with the air chamber a
through the water chamber b. If the tuyeres are screw-threaded as shown
at f and in Figure 4 and are screwed into the walls of the water chamber b
up to their shoulders h and then secured in position by nuts the said tuveres
will form a series of stays thereby materially adding to the strength of the
water chambei The tuyeres are each preferably provided with two diametric-
ally onnosite nozzles or discharge orifices and the said tuyees are preferably
arianged in lines and alternate in position as shown in Figure 3, their number
18 regulated in accordance with the size of the giate, or the number of blast
points required
The fuel-supporting plate with its adjuncts after being inserted in the furnace
tube may be held theiein by any suitable means, such as attachment to the
furnace front J.
The fuel-supporting plate may, as illustrated in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, be
built up in sections / These sections may, as shown in Figure 5, be provided
with flanges or projections m so as to render them interfitting, a clearance
being allowed, if necessary, between each section to provide for expansion and
contraction.
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 also serve to illustrate an economical modification of
construction of the tuveres d which consist in casting them in one with the
fuel-supporting plate
Each section 7 contains a water chamber b. The ends of the sections may
have flanges n (see Figures 5 and 6) by which they are bolted or otherwise
secured to headeis o
Figures 7 and 8 show a fuel-supporting plate composed of two sections ▼
with a connecting water pipe between them and with inlet and outflow pipes r
and s
As shown in these two figures the upper wall of each section may be
formed channel-wise, and there may be an extia turere d' at the back of each
section with its deflected discharge orifice directed towards the furnace front
All the tuyees here shown are cast in one with the fuel-supporting plate
Obviously instead of such tuyeres being formed by equidistant separate promin-
ences, as shown, each section might be cast with continuous edge ridges and
instead of separate deflected discharge oufices each ridge might have one con-
tinuous deflected discharge slit throughout the length of the furnace When
there are separate deflected discharge orifices then number and location may
valy in many ways For example by including all the tuyeies shown in
Figure 8 each orifice will have another opposite it, by omitting those tuyeres
shown in dotted lines in the left-hand section one modification is arrived at,
and by omitting all of those shown in dotted lines in the night-hand section no
tuvere will have another one opposite it By forming the fuel-supporting plate
channel-shaped the raking out of cach section is facilitated, especially if a rake
of corresponding contour 18 emploved the molten clinker will run to the
bottom of the channel and the ash will also silt towards the same part
It will be apparent that any of the sections may be easily removed when
damaged or woin and a new one substituted.
The furnace front is provided with a grate door p of ordinary or convenient

page_text: construction but is otherwise closed except for the pipe 9 by which forced
diaught derived from a fan or equivalent means (not shown in the drawings)
gains admission to the chamber a
The fuel is fed on to the upper surface of the supporting-plate where com-
bustion 18 supported by the forced draught 18suing through the tuyeres d. The
water in the water chamber being in close proximity with the burning fuel
18 intensely heated If such water chamber is intended to form part of the feed
water system the water will enter by the pipe r and be led therefiom to the
hot-well by the pipes or it might be fed duect into the boiler by means of an
injector, donkey-pump or other suitable means.
Alternatively if the said water chamber is to form part of the boiler system
thereby increasing its heating surface and producing a rapid circulation there
are provided pipe connections f, shown in broken lines in Figure 2 between
the water chamber and the boiler proper,
Figures 9 to 12 illustrate an alternative construction, the single water chamber
previously described being replaced by a series of water tubes of which the
walls of the furnace may also be formed
These tubes are preferably reduced at their ends (see Figures 9 and 11)
and again expanded in the headers o In this manner the tubes may be
arranged close together so as to prevent the ashes from falling through, and
render the fuel-plate practically a solid one.
The tuyeres may be supplied with air by the main pipe w (see Figure 9) and
the branch pipes and y
In some cases the tuyetes may be water-jacketted as shown at 2 and 1 in
Figure 10
The water circulating through the giate may, as in the previous instances,
either be used for feed water purposes or it may form part of the water space
of the main boiler, in the former case it would enter the front header o, by
the pipe 2 and would reach the real header o by way of the pipes and the
channels z and 1 and leave the latter header by a pipe 3, in the latter case
the pipe 4 would be fed from the rear tube 5 and would deliver through the
pipe 6 to the front main boiler header 7.
Figure 13 illustrates a simple and practical mode of constructing the water
chamber in such a way that the bottom plate can be removed without disturbing
the tuveres and ready access gained to the interior of the chamber for cleaning
or other purposes
8 is the top plate, 9 is the bottom plate, and 10, 10 are the
Bide plates The top plate 8 is secured by ivets 11 or otherwise, to the side
plates 10 and the bottom plate is secured by bolts 12 01 otherwise The
tuyees dane first screwed into the top plate 8, a nut 13 may next be added,
then a nut or collar 14 is passed up the screw stem of the tuyeie to the point
shown in the drawing The bottom plate 9 is fastened to the side plates 10
and finally the nuts 15 are placed in position It will be obvious that by simply
removing the nuts 15 and the bolts 12 the bottom plate can be removed for
the purpose of cleaning the chamber or otherwise
It will be apparent that material advantages and economies accrue from the
adoption of the arrangements herein described and I differentiate such
anangements from such devices as a plate-giate not containing water, o1
from a plate-giate merely perforated or containing an passages in a
vertical duection In the first instance over-heating and rapid destruction
of the plate occurs and clinker rapidly forms and adheres thereto, in the second
instance the au reaching the combustion chamber passes diectly upwards and
does not adequately benefit combustion, and besides, with vertical openings
small fuel either falls through or else clogs the aperture In my invention
the life of the fuel-supporting plate 18 prolonged by reason of the water circu-
lation, the water is rapidly heated owing to the close proximity of the burning
fuel. small and cheap fuel can be employed and the same cannot percolate
into the air-chamber beneath, because of the imperforate character of the plate

page_text: and the closed tops of the tuyeres, whilst the an reaching the combustion
chamber, being deflected laterally, is compelled to percolate the fuel and so
aid complete combustion
Having now particularly described and ascertamed the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18.
1 The combination of an imperforate fuel-supporting plate provided with a
chamber, passage or passages for the circulation of water, tuyeies having closed
tops and lateral or deflected discharge onifices passing through the water-con-
taining plate, and a chamber into which an is forced beneath the said plate
2 An imperforate fuel-supporting and water-containing plate provided with
tuyeres having closed tops and lateral or deflected discharge orifices passing
thiough the said plate, which plate separates the combustion chamber from a
chamber into which air 18 toiced, the whole being adapted to be removably
inserted within the furnace flue
3 The combination, with an imperforate fuel-supporting and water-contain-
ng plate separating the combustion chamber from a chamber into which air
18 foiced, of tuyees with closed tops and lateral or deflected discharge ofices
cast in one with the fuel-supporting plate
4 The combination, with an imperforate fuel-supporting and water-containing
plate separating the combustion chamber from a chamber into which an 15
forced, of tuveies with closed tops and lateral or deflected discharge onfices
removably secured to the said plate and serving to brace the upper and lower
parts thereof together
5 The combination, with an imperforate fuel-supporting and water-contam-
ing plate separating the combustion chamber from a chamber into which an is
foiced, of water-jacketted tuyees with closed tops and lateral or deflected dis-
charge orifices
6. An imperforate fuel-supporting plate made in sections, each section having
a chamber, passage or passages for the eculation of water and tuyenes with
closed tops and lateral or deflected discharge orifices the said sections being
removably inserted within the furnace flue and together constituting the fuel-
supporting plate that separates the combustion chamber from a chamber into
which an 18 foiced
7. The combination, with an imperforate fuel-supporting and water-contain-
ing plate composed of contiguous sections separating the combustion chamber
from a chamber into which ai is forced and containing tuxeres with closed
tops and lateral or deflected discharge orifices, of headers at opposite ends of the
said fuel-supporting and water-containing plate
8. The combination of an imperforate fuel-supporting plate consisting of
water tubes closely abutting each other, tuyeres having closed tops and lateral
oi deflected discharge ofices passing through the said plate, and a chamber
into which air is forced beneath the said plate
9 Apparatus constructed airanged and operating substantially as described
with reference to any of the examples illustrated by the accompanying diawings.
Dated this 4th day of August 1900.
AF SPOONER,
323, High Holborn, London, Agent for the Applicant.