A NEW OR IMPROVED GAS STOVE
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Eliezer Edwards, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A NEW
OR IMPROVED GAS STOVE."
Sealed the 15th March 1854, and dated the 15th September 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eliezer Edwards at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th September 1853.
I, ELIEZER EDWARDS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED GAS STOVE" to be as follows:-
The Drawing represents my Invention in clevation. a, is a cylinder
constituting the body of the stove. The said cylinder is open to the air
at bottom, and at top communicates with the chamber b. A burner or
burners supplied with gas by the pipe d, are placed at the lower part
of the cylinder a. The heated air and products of combustion rise up
the said cylinder a, and enter the chamber b. The said heated air, &c.
descends by the outer pipes e, e, into the lower chamber f, and finally
by the pipe g, under the floor of the room, to the external air. During
its passage through the chambers and pipes b, e, f, the air rising from
the flame or flames is so far deprived of its heat, and its density is so
far increased, that it no longer counterbalances the shorter ascending

page_text: current in the cylinder a, which latter maintains sufficient ascending
power to determine a rapid circulation. The room is thus heated by
the heat radiated from the stove, as well as by the air heated by contact
with the exterior of the stove, while all the air vitiated by combustion
is removed from the room, and a ventilation of the said room effected.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Eliezer Edwards in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 15th March 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ELIEZER EDWARDS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Eliezer Edwards, Her special
licence that I, the said Eliezer Edwards, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Eliezer Edwards, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IM-
PROVED GAS STOVE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Eliezer Edwards, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be, filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Eliezer Edwards, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
Figure 1, of the accompanying Drawing represents in elevation a
stove constructed according to my Invention; and Figure 2, represents
the same in vertical section; Figure 3, represents a horizontal section
of the same; Figures 4, and 5, represent horizontal sections of other
stoves constructed according to my Invention.
a, is the cylinder constituting the body of the stove. The said cylin-
der is open to the air at the bottom, and at top communicates with the
chamber b. The external air enters through the holes in the orna-
mental case c, Figure 1, and passing between the tubes d, d, enters the
cylinder a. A second cylinder a', is placed within and concentric with
the said cylinder a; the said second cylinder a', is open to the atmo-
sphere both at top and bottom, the top of the said tube opening into
the perforated top of the stove. d, d, are tubes opening at top into the
chamber b, and at bottom into the chamber e. f, is a tube communi-
cating with the chamber e, which said tube f, passes under the floor of
the room in which the stove is situated, and opens into a chimney
or flue, or into the atmosphere external to the room. A burner or
burners g, supplied with gas by the pipe h, are situated in the annular
space formed by the hollow concentric cylinders a, a', see Figures 2,
and 3. I prefer placing the said burners very near, but not quite at
the bottom of the cylinder a, as represented, but do not confine myself
thereto. The supply of gas is regulated by the stop cock i.
The action of my Invention is as follows:-The heated air and pro-
ducts of combustion rise up the annular space between the cylinders a, a',
in consequence of the expansion and rarification of the same. The said
heated air and products of combustion enter the chamber b, and descend
through the pipes d, into the chamber e, and finally by the pipe f, under
the floor of the room, to a chimney flue, or the external air. During its
passage through the chanıbers and pipes b, d, e, the heated air and pro-
ducts of combustion parts with its heat more or less effectually to the
material of which the said chambers and pipes are made, and its density
is thereby so far increased that it no longer counterbalances the shorter
ascending hot current between the cylinders a, a', which latter current

page_text: maintains sufficient ascending power to determine a rapid circulation.
The room in which the stove is situated is heated by the heat radiated
from the said stove, as well as by the air heated by contact with the
interior of the stove, and the air which passes up the interior of the
tube a', while the air vitiated by combustion is removed from the room,
and the ventilation of the said room is effected.
I sometimes modify my Invention in the manners illustrated in
Figures 4, and 5, that is to say, instead of causing the descending
current to pass through tubes, as represented in Figures 2, and 3, I
cause the said descending current to pass through an annular space k,
Figure 4, formed by two concentric tubes, or through passages 1,
Figure 5, formed by a plain and corrugated cylinder as represented.
The outer cylinders k', in Figure 4, and ', in Figure 5, may constitute
the exterior of the stove, and may be ornamented in any desired way.
In the modifications of my Invention shewn in Figures 4, and 5, access
of the external air to the burners is permitted by passages made
through the spaces k, l, at the lower part of the stove.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not limit myself to the precise methods of carrying the
said Invention into effect herein described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my said Invention. But I claim
the constructing of a gas stove in which the air vitiated by combustion
is conveyed from the apartment in which the said stove is situated by
a pipe or flue passing under the floor of the said apartment.
In witness whereof, I, the said Eliezer Edwards, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
ELIEZER EDWARDS. (L.S.)