Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1889

page_text: COME DIDI DI DUIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, CHARLES GORTON, of 96 Liberty Street, New York City, in the county and
State of New York, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described, and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The main object of my invention is to economize in fuel, to cheapen and simplify
the construction, to obviate the waste of gaseous matter, to lessen the development.
of smoke within the furnace, and amongst the tubes to prevent the escape or discharge
of solid particles of fuel, to insure the consumption of all ignitable matter whether
solid or gaseous, and that with a high degree of combustion no smoke escapes fromi
the furnace particularly from soft coal, and thus prevent the deposit of soot, lamp
black, and the like on the outer generating surfaces of the tubes, which when kept
clean transmits the heat with a greater degree than when the tubes have a thick
outside scale.
To more particularly describe and illustrate my invention reference is made to the
accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of a boiler having two single plates in the
shape of an inverted frustrum of a cone, forming between them an annular fuel
reservoir, and partially forming the furnace;
Figure 2 is a like sectional elevation, only the upper annular section of the reservoir
is double forming a water space communicating with the water space of the
boiler;
Figure 3 shows a detached detail section of the annular fuel reservoir showing
segments thereof, the said figures having water legs;
Figure 4, a like boiler with a lower brick base and upper iron casing;
Figure 5 a cross section of figure 4, at line -;
Figure 6 a similar boiler having the annular combustion and fuel chamber, and
entirely encased in brick.
Figure 7 is another modification showing a brick base, an upper iron jacket, and an
intermediate casing having the annular magazine and combustion chamber with an
annular ring connected by circulating tubes, and
Figure 8 is a top plan view of said water ring.
It will be observed that the usual doors to the ash pit, safety valves, indicators and
like appliances are not shown in figures 4, 6, and 7, these being no part of my
invention.
The same letters will indicate like parts throughout the different views.
A, is the boiler, B, the base, and C, the annular fuel magazine or reservoir. I prefer
to provide the reservoir with four fuel feed chutes at equal distances apart around
the boiler, but there may be more or less, and each chute is provided with a feed
door D.
When a water leg E, is used circulating tubes connecting the water leg and the
boiler are supplied, at different horizontal planes to establish circulation, the principle
of which is well known. The same may be said with other detached water holding
portions of the boiler.
The annular reservoir F, constructed as described of upper and lower sections GH,
is preferably tapering in cross section, the space between them enlarging towards the
grate by which the expansion of the fuel by the heat is provided for. These sections
are set at such an inclination as not to prevent the fuel from automatically feeding
down into the furnace as fast as the fuel on the grate is consumed.
'

page_text: It will be distinctly understood that the reservoir F, forms its own chute after the
coal is within the shell of the boiler. and further that this annular fuel reservoir
formed between the cone shaped sections is the gist of my invention.
It will be seen that the most intense heat is at the opening of the upper section just
over the grate, and that when this portion is not protected it is liable to become
impaired particularly when a single thickness of material is used and when impaired
the whole section would have to be removed. However to prevent such removal I
provide a ring, of any suitable material, cast iron, clay and asbestos, or other
refractory or; incombustible material and made of two or more sections for ready:
removal and substitution. The segments or sections may be provided with a flange
by which they may be suspended. But when water sections J, or rings K, are used
of course they are designed to last as long as the boiler itself. The most approved
method of burning coal particularly soft coal is to keep an open fire. Where the
fuel is in regular courses over the grate there is never a proper mixture of the air
and'
gases and hence imperfect combustion, but with my improved annular combustion
chamber and reservoir the fuel is evenly fed all over, causing an even flow of air all
through the interstices of the burning coal.
The operation is as follows ;-
The reservoir, being filled with fuel and the fire ignited, the smoke and gases pass
up through the opening L, until incandescence takes place at the surface of the fuel.
The fire then being well under way it spreads to the mass of fuel over and around'
each side of the grate, combustion being thus established, and the opening L, being
contracted; and having the drop ring / suspended well into the bright burning fuel, all
the smoke and gases are compelled to pass through, down and around the lower edge of
the opening where the most intense heat is, and thus be consumed, exposing the
generating surface of the boiler to nothing but clear solid heat.
The reservoir above the opening L, forms a coking or roasting chamber for the
fuel and the gas therefrom is also compelled to pass through the highly heated
incandescent fuel and is thus consumed, so that compiete combustion of all ignitable
particles, gaseons or solid must ensue. The opening L, being of much more,
constricted area than the furnace chamber the gases pass through it with more
rapidity, on the principle of the nozzle, the atoms contact is greater, and therefore a
greater mingling and diffusion of the gases takes place while passing through said
opening, than would be the case were the opening larger, and when released amongst
the tubes above the conical section they spread and expand giving off an extremely
clear and intense heat.
It is evident that many modifications may be employed and details changed,
without departing from the spirit of my invention, and hence I do not desire to limit
myself to the precise form shown.
7 Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I'
claim is :-
F.
1st. In a boiler furnace, an annular combustion fuel reservoir and combustion
chamber formed between a depressed upper and a lower section, substantially as
described.
2nd. In a boiler furnace a combustion chamber formed between two annular
sections, each of said sections being of inverted conical shape and having openings in
their centres as described.
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واد المالي
3rd. In a boiler furnace the combination of an annular combustion chamber formed
of two sections of inverted ccne, shape, one diverging from a horizontal plane more
than the other whereby the reservoir is given a tapering form, substantially as
described.
The combination in a furnace of a reservoir, and combustion chamber consisting
of an upper and a lower section, each being, centrally depressed and having central
openings varying in diameter substantially as described.

page_text: 5th. The combination in a furnace of a fuel reservoir and combustion chamber of
an upper and lower section centrally depressed having central openings of varying
diameter and the feeding chutes and smoke and gas deflecting ring, substantially as
described.
C. GORTON,
Per L. W.