Improvements in and relating to Motor Propelled Velocipedes.
Year: 1894

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stan is after
Amendment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c., Act, 1883), as allowed by
the decision of the Comptroller General of the 12th day of August 1896.
Date of Application, 16th Apr., 1834
Complete Specification Left, 15th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1895
Improvements in and relating to Motor Propelled Velocipedes.
We ALOIS WOLFMÜLLER and HANS GEISENHOF, both of Landsberg am Lech
in the Empire of Germany Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention consists in certain improvements in the adaptation of a motor to
a velocipede for propelling the latter, and is more especially applicable to a bicycle
of the type in which the front steering wheel is of approximately the same size as
the rear driving wheel, and to a motor operated by means of a gaseous mixture
obtained by the evaporation of benzine or petroleum or other suitable hydrocarbon,
and fired or exploded in a cylinder or cylinders for the propulsion of a piston or
pistons.
The framework is made of rods or tubes so arranged that the bicycle may be used
by a female or male rider and so placed on each side of the motor and its various
adjuncts that the latter parts are defended from accidental contact with the rider.
or with the ground should the bicycle fall sideways.
The motor comprises a two cylinder engine arranged below the horizontal plane
of the axles of the two wheels and in the space between the wheels and is below a
floor on which the riders feet rest.
The driving wheel is preferably a disk wheel without spokes and the cranks are
connected by rods or pitmen respectively to the plungers in the two cylinders of the
motor which operates in the four cycle manner, namely with one explosion for each
two revolutions in each cylinder the explosions being alternately in the one and the
other cylinder so that an explosion is given for each revolution.
The cylinders are cooled by water jackets in communication with a reservoir or
refrigerator in which the water may be changed from time to time.
Behind the cylinders that is to say towards the direction in which the bicycle
moves is the valve box, and further the ignition chamber. The valve box contains
six valves, one air valve and one suction valve for supplying the cylinders, two
adjustable exhaust valves and two adjustable ignition valves.
Above these parts is the vaporiser filled with gauzelike material, and above the
vaporiser is the receiver for the hydrocarbon, from which the latter may be drawn
through a cock into a hopper at the top of the vaporiser. Air is drawn in with the
vapour from the hydrocarbon and the relative proportions of air and gas are
controlled by a mixing valve which by its movement may enable either air only or
gas only to be drawn into the motor cylinders, or any desired mixture of gas and
ID
077

page_text: air. The mixing valve is controlled by a cord or the like running to the handle
bars of the bicycle and there attached to a spindle moving in a nut. This nut has
an oval passage way of which only one part is screw threaded and spring tenis to
throw this screw threaded part into engagement with the screw threaded spindle.
Accurate adjustment can be made by use of this nut, and suiden alteration by
pressing back the screw spindle out of engagement.
The first out thrust of the pitmau expands a counter spring which in its contraction
exerts a counter force tending to continue the stroke on its return, thus equalizing
the force throughout the out and back strokes and rendering a fly wheel
unnecessary.
The valves are also provided with means set in operation by the movement of the
cranks or pitmen or other moving parts so that the exhaust valves and ignition
valves are operated at the necessary times, each pitman or part causing the operation
of that ignition valve which appertains to the other cylinder.
Dated this 16th day of April 1894.
R. HADDAN,
Agent to Applicants
We, ALOIS WOLFMÜLLER and HANS GEISENHOF, both of Landsberg am Lech,
in the Empire of Germany, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention consists in certain improvements in the adaptation of a motor to a
velocipede for propelling the latter, and is more especially applicable to a bicycle
of the type in which the front steering wheel is of approximately the same size as
the rear driving wheel, and to a motor operated by means of a gaseous mixture
obtained by the evaporation of benzine or petroleum or other suitable hydrocarbon,
and fired or exploded in a cylinder or cylinders for the propulsion of a piston or
pistons.
The framework is made of rods or tubes so arranged that the bicycle may be used
by a female or male rider and so placed on each side of the motor and its various
adjuncts that the latter parts are defended from accidental contact with the rider,
or with the ground should the bicycle fall sideways.
The motor comprises a two cylinder engine arranged below the horizontal plane
of the axles of the two wheels and in the space between the wheels and is below a
floor on which the riders' feet rest.
The driving wheel is preferably a disk wheel without spokes and the cranks are
connected by rods or pitmen respectively to the plungers in the two cylinders of
the motor which operates in the four cycle manner, namely with one explosion for
each two revolutions in each cylinder, the explosions being alternately in the one
and the other cylinder so that an explosion is given for each revolution.
The cylinders are cooled by water jackets in communication with a reservoir or
refrigerator in which the water may be changed from time to time.
Behind the cylinders that is to say towards the direction in which the bicycle
moves is the valve box, and the ignition chamber. The valve box contains six
valves, namely two suction valves for supplying the cylinders, two exhaust valves
and two ignition valves.
Above these parts is the vaporiser. Air is drawn in with the vapour from the
hydrocarbon and the mixture is controlled by a mixing valve. The mixing valve
is controlled by a cord or the like running to the handle bars of the cycle and

page_text: there attached to a spindle moving in engagement with a part nut. This part nut
is screw threaded and a spring tends to throw this screw-threaded part into
engagement with the screw threaded spindle. Accurate adjustment can be made
by turning the spindle when in engagement with this nut, and sudden alteration by
pressing back the part nut out of engagement.
The out-thrust of the pitman expands a counterspring which in its contraction
exerts a counter-force tending to continue the stroke on its return, thus equalizing
the force throughout the out and back. strokes and rendering a fly-wheel
unnecessary.
The valves are also provided with means set in operation by the movement of
the cranks or pitmen or other moving parts so that the exhaust valves and ignition
valves are operated at the necessary times, each pitman or part causing the
operation of that ignition valve which appertains to the other cylinder.
The motor cycle is shown in Fig. 1 in lateral view and in Fig. 2 in sectional plan;
Figs. 3 and 4 represent details of the valves and of the igniting-lamp, and Figs. 5
to 7 detail views of parts.
The motor (see Figs. 1 and 2) is built into a rigid framework, which consists of
two angularly shaped frames arranged parallel and suitably connected to each other;
these frames being composed of tubes a¹, a³, a³, a', a', aº, a² and a³. The arrange-
ment of the cylinders is such as to occupy an almost horizontal position between the
steering-wheel A and the driving-wheel B. The steering arrangement of the
steering-wheel A is the same as in any other bicycle of this class.
The driving-wheel is a spokeless or disk-wheel and at both ends of its axis it
carries cranks in the same direction; the axle runs in ball-bearings as with other
cycles. These ball-bearings are firmly connected with the frame by means of the
bolts k and k¹. From the cranks g and g¹ the obliquely placed connecting-rods or
pitmen and pass to the pistons, to which latter they are connected by means of
ball-joints. Above and below the cylinder a hollow space d is provided (Figs. 1
and 3) which communicates with a water-vessel G serving for cooling.
This water-vessel Gat the same time replaces the protecting casing for the back
wheel used in ladies' cycles and is arranged above the upper half of the rear-wheel;
the latter owing to its rotation acts as a kind of ventilator upon the inner face of
this water containing protecting, case and has such a cooling effect that the water
need but seldom be replaced (see Fig. 1). The conveying of the water out of the
vessel G is effected through the frame-tubes a³ and a*.
In order to save space and weight a small spaced arrangement of the valve-box
and the igniting-device is chosen. With the exception of the pin e (see Fig. 1) its
pulley and the connecting-rod, these parts are shown on a larger scale in Figs. 3
and 4.
The semi-circular pin e on the driving wheel B presses, on each revolution of the
wheel, upon the pulley r on thrust-rod m; this rod is coupled to a double-armed
lever turning on the pivot o and connected to the rod t.
This rod t (Fig. 4) carries at the middle of its length a heart n turnable on the
bolti, which beart is by a spring p firmly pressed down upon the rod t. This
downward pressure has for its purpose to prevent, to a certain degree, free
movement of the heart. When for instance on the backward movement of the
rod m or forward pull of rod t, the parts of the heart n moves towards the
shoulder 9, the part's remains arrested by said shoulder q and the whole heart n
then rotates around its pin i whereby the part u of the heart n moves against the
spring S and compresses the latter.
It now the rod t is moved back, the parts comes out of contact with the
shoulder and as it requires greater pressure to displace the heart n than the
resistance of spring S offers, the heart n remains with regard to the rod t in
the same position, but the whole rod t is with its heart n thrown over to the
other side by means of the spring S. When the rod t moves back a second time
the same action will take place on the other side at s', 9 and S¹.

page_text: The rod t in its operation is thus enabled to engage alternately the angular
levers W and W' which actuate the exhaust valves and 1 and the igniting-
valves and v³.
As on the back-stroke of the pistons of this twin-motor, one of the pistons forces
out the residual gases whilst the other compresses the inflammatory mixture, the
different operations of the exhaust valve of the one cylinder and the ignition valve
of the other cylinder could be combined.
The igniting-valve however in order to avoid premature ignition must be shut
up during the period of compression and not open before the piston has arrived
at or passed its extreme inner position while the discharge valve of the other
cylinder is closing.
The valves for ignition are double seated and are, in order to secure a safe closure
at both seats, connected by spring-power with the angular levers W and W₁ by
means of steel-wire and . The exhaust valves are in no way hindered in their
function by this arrangement.
and are self-acting suction valves for the inflammatory mixture, such as are
in use for other gas motors.
; As will appear from. Figs. 3 and 4 the ignition takes place by means of a heated
tube. The tubes E and El are heated by a benzine blast-lamp, which is of the
following construction.
The necessary combustible is supplied by a pipe from the supply vessel K
(see Fig. 1) to the wick container D of the lamp. The vapour developing therein
passes through the orifice j into the Bunsen burner L in order to be burned therein.
The defect occurring in lamps of this kind' namely that the out-flow opening
becomes easily obstructed, has been obviated by the arrangement of a conically
tapering closing needle in this sinall out-flow orifice. Thus at the mouth of the
latter au annular opening is formed which according to experience does not become
stopped up.
This defect of the former blast-lamp would be such a hindrance to the working
of the motor-cycle that for this reason alone the applicability of such motors to
the cycle would be very questionable. In order to avoid the arrangement of a
separate air-supply pipe, the necessary air is supplied by the box M in connection
with the frame-tube a. In the lamp this air flows through a short connection
pipe a which is branched off from the air-supply and frame-tube a (see Fig. 2).
As will appear from Figs. 3 and 4 the combustible gases flow out of the Bunsen
burner Linto the space around the igniting-tube which space is lined with fire-
brick Y and thence into the chimney N which latter by the tube a³ passes up to
the box M (Fig. 24).
Thus the air-supply-pipe as well as air-outlet pipe end in the box M. To
attain a good burning of the lamp a proportionately long chimney (tube a³) had
to be provided. As further the vehicle during the ride has to sustain vertical
concussions, the air, in order to provide for a steady burning of the lamp, has to
be forced to completely participate in these movements. This has been attained
by taking the supply-air from an equal height with the mouth of the chimney, thus
two columns of air of equal height are produced and uniformity of movement of the
supply air is provided for.
To avoid effects of gusty wind, the in-and-outlet orifices should not be too far
distant from one another and they are therefore placed close together, the outflow-
crifices presenting themselves around the box beside the inlet-orifices j (Fig. 2).
The mixing valve to through which the inflammatory mixture passes from the
vessel K to the valve-box is actuated by a chain el in connection with
regulating device (shown in détail in Figs. 5, 6' and 7) arranged on' the steering.
handle.
This regulating device comprises a screw-spindle So which is adjustably located
in' a clamp-frame fixed on to the steering-handle. On the clamp a thumb
lever en is movably arranged; which is provided with a half female-screw and' which

page_text: by means of a spring is pressed against the screw-spindle S thus holding this
latter fast. The one end of said screw-spindle S° is connected with the mixture-
valve to actuated by springs, by means of a chain which exerts a continuous
pulling effect upon the screw. On releasing the screw by more or less rapidly
pressing down the lever e or on drawing the screw back: more or less rapidly, the
mixture valve will be more or less rapidly opened or closed by the medium of the
chain and the effect of the valve springs and consequently also the speed of
the motor will be faster or slower. This regulation may also be effected by more.
or less quickly turning the screw. In order that this regulation may be effected
gradually and quite reliably the screw S° is provided with a graduated scale guided
on the clamp and the latter is provided with a mark e, by the aid of which the
screw and consequently the mixture-valve (° can be adjusted in a certain and
reliable manner.
This regulating device can be actuated by moving a single finger, without
the rider having to remove his hand away from the steering-rod-handle so that
the admission of the mixture and thus the action of the apparatus can be entirely
stopped.
The oil for lubricating the piston is stored in the tubes a³ and as, so that these:
tubes serve not only as frame-work but also as oil-reservoirs.
For deadening the noise of the exhaust a sound receiving-funnel is used.
In order that the working effect of the motor may be transmitted equally to the
driving-wheel, a counter-pull arrangement in form of a spring a connected by a
band or the like is inserted.
The pulling effect of the spiral spring may be adjusted by means of a screw-.
threaded spindle z in connection with hand-wheels, provided thereon.
This invention may be applied without material alteration to tricycles and cycles
with more than three wheels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven--
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
In a motor propelled velocipede-
1. The combination of a twin cylinder explosive motor having separate suction,.
exhaust, and ignition valves for each cylinder, with the driving wheel or wheel
axle of the cycle adapted to be driven by said motor and a curved pin or
equivalent device e thereon adapted to cause periodical displacement of a rod
operating a device adapted to oscillate and alternately operate the exhaust valves.
with the ignition valves of the two cylinders in the manner specified.
2. The combination with a gas mixture valve of a device for adjustment thereof
consisting of a screw threaded spindle connected to said valve by a chain or other-.
wise a fixture within which said spindle may be adjusted longitudinally and means
for releasing the screw threads of said spindle for sudden closure of the valve.
substantially as set forth.
3. The combination with the motor of a counter spring adapted to be brought.
into tension by the force of outstroke of the piston and to react during instroke
for the purpose of equalizing the power and effect on the driving wheel of the
cycle.
4. An igniting device to which inflammable gas is supplied through an annular
orifice formed by the adjustment of a needle axially within a circular orifice.
5. The combination with the frame consisting of two parallel angular frames
each formed of four tubes in the manner specified, of a motor having its various.
parts arranged between the two said angular frames substantially as described.
6. The combination with a motor of a water jacketting in connection with a.
reservoir placed above the rear or other wheel and adapted to be cooled by air set
in movement by said wheel and to serve as a mudguard thereto.
7. The combination with the ignition lamp of au air supply pipe thereto.
and exhaust pipe therefrom, the said pipes being carried to the box M where.

page_text: they open at the same height and place into compartments of said box having
openings around the periphery substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 15th day of November 1894.
R. HADDAN,
Of the Firm of Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicants.