IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS FOR THE COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF SLOP, MUD, OR DUST, AND FOR THE CONVEYANCE OF OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Livingstone, of Pimlico, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS FOR THE
COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF SLOP, MUD, OR DUST, AND FOR THE CONVEYANCE
OF OTHER MATERIALS,”
Sealed the 31st August 1875, and dated the 6th March 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Livingstone
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th March 1875.
I, GEORGE LIVINGSTONE, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CARTS FOR THE COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF SLOP, MUD, OR DUST, AND FOR THE
CONVEYANCE OF OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows :-
:-
This Invention has for its object the construction of carts in such a
manner as to render the loading and unloading of the same more easy of
management than when ordinary carts are employed, while the strain
upon the horse when "tipping" or unloading is reduced to a minimum.
The carts made in accordance with this Invention are designed moro
particularly for scavenging purposes, or for the removal of slop, mud,

page_text: and dust, but are equally convenient for the conveyance of other
materials, especially when such material is to be unloaded in bulk.
The cart consists of a pair of shafts attached to or forming part of a
strong quadrilateral framework mounted on springs which are supported
by a bent axle on which the wheels revolve. Within the framework
the front, sides, and bottom constituting the general body of the cart is
attached by means of short axles working in bearings fixed at or near
the top of the frame so that the body of the cart is free to turn upon
this axis. That part which forms the back of the cart when closed is
fastened to the framework at an angle corresponding to the inclination
of the back end of the sides, and is furnished with a ledge of vulcanized
rubber or other elastic or suitable material so that when the sides and
bottom are brought into contact with it a sufficiently close joint may be
formed and maintained. To the front end of the cart a curved rack is
fixed which is operated upon by a pinion fixed to an arbor or spindle
mounted in bearings on the frame, the said pinion being turned by the
application of a crank or winch handle to the arbor. A ratchet and
pawl is also provided to retain the body of the cart in any desired
. position. The cart is also furnished with a curved sheet metal or other
cover formed in two halves, the front half of which may be fixed, while
the back half may be made to slide over it, or they may both be made
to slide or entirely removable for the greater convenience of loading.
The carts may be constructed of wood or iron, or a combination of both
materials.
'
The action is as follows:-Ono half of the top being opened by sliding
the cover the cart is loaded and the material conveyed away. On
reaching the point for unloading the pawl is thrown out of the ratchet,
when by the turning of the winch handle the pinion will cause the rack
and with it the front of the cart to ascend and the sides and bottom to
part from the back and assume such an inclination as shall be most
suitable for the discharge of the particular material contained in it.
By exercising care in the making of the joints, and by the adoption
of these improvements generally, many materials having objectionable
odours may be conveyed from place to place without offence; and by
closely covering the top and attaching a distributor to the tail end these
carts may be made available for watering purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Livingstone in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LIVINGSTONE, of Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Livingstone, Her special licence
that I, the said George Livingstone, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Livingstone, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARTS FOR THE COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF SLOP, MUD, OR DUST, AND FOR THE
CONVEYANCE OF OTHER MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said George Livingstone, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Livingstone, do hereby.
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:
This Invention has for its object the construction of carts in such a
manner as to render the loading and unloading of the same more casy
of management than when ordinary carts are employed, while the strain
upon the horse when "tipping" or unloading is reduced to a minimum.

page_text: The carts made in accordance with this Invention are designed more
particularly for scavenging purposes, or for the removal of slop, mud,
and dust, but are equally convenient for the conveyance of other
materials, especially when such material is to be unloaded in bulk.
The cart consists of a pair of shafts attached to or forming part of a
strong quadrilateral framework, mounted on springs which are supported
by a bent axle on which the wheels revolve. Within the framework the
front, sides, and bottom constituting the general body of the cart is
attached by means of short axles working in bearings fixed at or near
the top of the frame so that the body of the cart is free to turn
upon this axis.
That part which forms the back of the cart when
closed is fastened to the framework at an angle corresponding to
the inclination of the back end of the sides, and is furnished with a
ledge of vulcanized rubber or other clastic or suitable material, so that
when the sides and bottom are brought into contact with it a sufficiently
close joint may be formed and maintained. To the front end of the cart
à curved rack is fixed which is operated upon by a pinion fixed to an
arbor or spindle mounted in bearings on the frame, the said pinion being
turned by the application of a crank or winch handle to the arbor. A
ratchet and pawl is also provided to retain the body of the cart in any
desired position. The cart is also furnished with a curved sheet metal
or other cover formed in two halves, the front half of which may be fixed,
while the back half may be made to slide over it, or they may both be
made to slide or entirely removable for the greater convenience of
loading. The carts may be constructed of wood or iron, or a combination
of both materials.
The action is as follows:-One half of the top being opened by sliding
the cover the cart is loaded, and the material conveyed away. On
reaching the point for unloading the pawl is thrown out of the ratchet,
when by the turning of the winch handle the pinion will cause the rack
and with it the front of the cart to ascend, and the sides and bottom to
part from the back and assume such an inclination as shall be most
suitable for the discharge of the particular material contained in it.
In order that the foregoing may be more casily understood Drawings
are attached hereto, of which the following is a description:-Fig. 1 is
a side clevation of the cart, and Fig. 2 an elevation of the back end.
In Fig. 1 A, A, is one of the shafts, either attached to, or as in tho
case shown, forming part of the frame B, B; C is the body of the cart

page_text: which turns upon the axle D; and E is the back forming the end of the
cart when closed; F is the pinion; G, the rack; and H, the winch.
handle; I and J are the moveable covers, I being made to slide over J
when required, or J. may be slid into I if also provided with guides and
rollers, as shown at K, K; the springs L are usually placed as depicted,
but they may if preferred be fixed on the cranked.axle or over the top
of the crank of axle. The dotted lines exhibit the position of the body
of the cart when tipped for discharging. By means of the pinion and
rack however the inclination may be varied to suit different circum-
stances.
'
By exercising care in the making of the joints, and by the adoption
of these improvements generally, many materials having objectionable
odours may be conveyed from place to place without offence; and by
closely covering the top and attaching a distributor to the tail end these
carts may be made available for watering purposes.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of this.
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or.
.carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that I do not confine
or restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have
described or referred to, as variations may be made therefrom. without
deviating from the principles or main features of this Invention; but
what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the
Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is, the construction of carts so as to admit of their being closely
covered or quite open, and capable of being tipped for dischargment,
as herein described and shown on the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Livingstone, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
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