A NEW SYSTEM OF PAINTING AND COLOURING GLASS, BEING AN I
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Simon Roussel, of 67, Rue Caumartin, Paris, France,
and of 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "A NEW SYSTEM OF PAINTING AND COLOURING GLASS, BEING AN IMITATION
Sealed the 28th July 1854, and dated the 1st March 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Simon Roussel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
March 1854.
I, SIMON ROUSSEL, of 67, Rue Caumartin, Paris, France, and of 4, South
St, Finsbury, London, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of
"A NEW SYSTEM OF PAINTING AND COLORING GLASS, BEING AN IMITATION OF OLD
& NEW CHURCH WINDOW GLASSES, CALLED TYPOPHANIC," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the preparation of glass, whether in stripes by the
action of fluoric acid or its equivalent by sand, or by a covering composed of
chloride of zinc, the object of which is to solidify the color which is to be
applied, and render it adhesive.
To carry out my Invention I proceed as follows:-The glass being well
cleaned, I produce upon it stripes, either by cutting the glass with hard bodies
or corroding it by means of fluoric acid. I lay on the glass a preparation of
size (made from animal glue, gelatine, or dextrine,) and add to it some sac-
charine, gummy, or mucillagenous substance, in order to render the colors more

page_text: adhesive to the glass, or I cover the glass with a varnish, mixing therewith a
small quantity of salts or chlorides. All the colors are prepared in the same
way. The design to be represented is drawn on paper, fibrous stuff, or on a
metallic sheet, and the outlines being cut out, they are set on the glass before
the size or varnish is dry; these outlines represent the connecting leads of the
glass. I make use also of sheets of paper or other materials on which the
same outlines are cut out, and afterwards I lightly color the interstices with a
pencil, in the manner as for printing from the characters cut on brass; the
glass, sized and prepared as above being dried, I lay on it the colors or varnish,
and I heat the glass to the temperature of about 140° Fah. The diaphanous
sculptures are the reproduction by means of moulds of the designs on which
the effects of light or shade are produced by the degree of thickness of the
substance employed. (The china plates called typophanic are the type of these
effects.)
The new application consists in manufacturing diaphanous plastic products
of every kind in gutta percha, bees and other waxes, resinous matters, gluten,
horny substances, horn plates moulded by pressure, or other similar materials,
coloured in the bulk of the glass, or made of two plates of different colours
superimposed, or of designs coloured after their manufacture, or in repro-
ducing these transparent plastics by moulding the glass or crystal, or by
employing glass rendered more fusible by admixture with metallic oxides.
The designs, either sunk or embossed, when exposed to the light produce
identical effects.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Simon Roussel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st
August 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SIMON
ROUSSEL, of 67, Rue Caumartin, Paris, France, and of 4, South Street, Fins-
bury, London, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Simon Roussel, Her special licence that I, the said Simon Roussel, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Simon 3

page_text: Roussel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW SYSTEM OF PAINTING AND
COLOURING GLASS, BEING AN IMITATION OF OLD AND NEW CHURCH WINDOW GLASSES,
CALLED TYPOPHANIC," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Simon
Roussel, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Simon Roussel, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof (that is to say):-
To carry out my Invention I proceed as follows:-The glass being well
cleaned, I produce upon it stripes, either by cutting the glass with hard bodies,
or corroding it by means of fluoric acid. I I lay on the glass a preparation of
size, (made from animal glue, gelatine, or dextrine,) and add to it some sac-
charine, gummy, or mucillagenous substance, in order to render the colors more
adhesive to the glass, or I cover the glass with a varnish, mixing therewith a
small quantity of salts or chlorides; all the colors are prepared in the same way.
The design to be represented is drawn on paper, fibrous stuff, or on a metallic
sheet, and the outlines being cut out, they are set on the glass before the size
or varnish is dry. These outlines represent the connecting leads of the glass.
I make use also of sheets of paper or other materials on which the same out-
lines are cut out, and afterwards I lightly color the interstices with a pencil, in
the manner as for printing from the characters cut in brass; the glass, sized and
prepared as above, being dried, I lay on it the colors or varnish, and I heat the
glass to the temperature of about one hundred and forty degrees Fahrenheit.
The diaphanous sculptures are the reproduction, by means of moulds, of the
designs on which the effects of light or shade are produced by the degree of
thickness of the substance employed. The china plates called lythophania are
the prototypes of these effects.
The new application consists in manufacturing diaphanous plastic products
of every kind in gutta percha, bees wax and other wax, resinous matters,
gluten, horny substances, horn plates moulded by pressure or other similar
means, coloured in the bulk of the glass, or made of two plates of different

page_text: colors superposed, or of designs colored after their manufacture, or in repro-
ducing the transparent plastics by moulding the glass or crystal, or by employing
more fusible glass composed with metallic oxides. The basso relievos, either
inlaid or embossed, may also be remoulded, and when exposed to the light
produce identical effects.
And having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not
strictly confine myself to the precise details herein laid down, so long as the
peculiar character of my Invention be retained; but what I claim is, the mode
of applying and fixing colors on to glass, by means of the chemical agents
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sinion Roussel, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
SIMON ROUSSEL. (L.D.)