CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY ADAPTED TO THE EXHAUSTING OR FORCING OF AIR, GASSES, OR VAPOUR, AND APPLICATION OF SUCH MACHINERY TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES."
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Imhof, of No. 547, Oxford Street, London,
and County of Middlesex, Organ Builder and Pianoforte Manufacturer,
for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY ADAPTED TO
THE EXHAUSTING OR FORCING OF AIR, GASSES, OR VAPOUR, AND
APPLICATION OF SUCH MACHINERY TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Imhof at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
September 1857.
I, DANIEL IMHOF, of No. 547, Oxford Street, London, and County. of
Middlesex, Organ Builder and Pianoforte Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
ADAPTED TO THE EXHAUSTING OR FORCING OF AIR, GASES, OR VAPOR, AND IN
THE APPLICATION OF SUCH MACHINERY TO VARIOUS USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
My improvements in machinery for exhausting and forcing of air, gases, or
vapour consist of certain contrivances in the arrangement and disposition of
the moveable parts of bellowses, so as to be double-acting when in motion,
and so combine one or more of these bellowes, working them each at different

page_text: periods of time, that the pallets or valves in the whole combination or series
of bellowses may be taking in and letting out air, gases, or vapour alternately,
thereby causing a steady stream or current.
Another important improvement consist in arranging the pallets and pallet
boxes of such bellowses at one end, and free from the movable parts of the
bellowses, not to have holes in the bottom and top boards. There is another
novelty and improvement in the arrangement of the several bellowses, which
is, to work by a crank and connecting rods centrally between each series,
producing a regular and steady alternating motion.
One form of these compound bellowes is shewn in Sheet 1, Figure 1, where
A, A, A, A, represent the frame of the machine; B, B, the crank handle for
the purpose of working it; C, C, the crank shaft, on the back end (C) of
which will be affixed a fly wheel of the required weight and diameter necessary
to keep the momentum for steady motion; D, D, D, the three connecting
rods, which pass down and are affixed to the front end of the two middle
movable boards G', G'; from these are affixed connecting rods to work the
movable middle boards above and below in each set of three bellowses; the
motion, therefore, of the whole series will be alternating. E, E, are the top
boards, and F, F, the bottom boards, which are kept at their proper anglo
and made stationary by the side pieces F, F'; G, G, the moveable centre
boards, which are moved up and down to draw in and force out air, gas, or
vapour from each chamber formed between the middle board G and the top
board E, and the middle board G and bottom board F. The air to supply
these chambers is taken in at the apertures I, I, I, I, and is let out through
the apertures J, J, J, which are shewn in the ends of the pallet boxes H, H, H.
K, K, K, are covers over the pallets, which are easily removed for the
purpose of examining them.
In the enlarged Drawing of the pallet box, Figure 2, Sheet 2, will be seen
the passages for the direction of the air in and out from the bellowses.
E and F are the top and bottom boards; G, the moveable centre board; and
II, the pallet box, as before described. Each pallet box is divided into four
compartments, in each of which is a pallet or valve; the two on the right, a
and c, are the ingress pallets, and the two on the left, d and e, are the egress
pallets, one of each being to let in and out air, gasses, or vapour to and from
the chambers between the centre board and top board, and one of each to
and from the chamber between the centre board and bottom board.
In order to describe the double action of each bellows more 'fully, if we
suppose the. the movable centre board to be pulled upwards,, it will neces-
sarily form: a vacuum in the lower chamber; the air will rush in through the

page_text: large aperture I, and the valve or pallet (a) will raise and let in the air
above it, when it will rush down through the small aperture (6), and down to
the bottom chamber; when the return of the moveable centre board takes
place for the down stroke the air is displaced, and passes out through the
egress passage through the valve (d); at the same tiine the air is again passing
in lifting the the pallet (c) passing above it, and in through the small
aperture (d), which fills the chamber at the top, when the moveable centre
board again returns on the upward stroke, and displaces the air from the
upper chamber out through the valve or pallet (e), and thence through the
large aperture J, and so alternately by each of the series, each side of
the centre board causing a continuous stream of air, gas, or vapour.
I
cover each of the ingress passages I, I, I, with a flange joint, and connect
them to one ingress pipe, and also cover the egress passages J, J, J, in the
same way, and connect them to one egress pipe at both ends of the machine
from each series, and if necessary connect each of the ingress and egress
pipes together from each side, making them act so as to force one continuous
stream of air, gas, or vapour.
Another form of bellows of this principle is shewn in Figs. 3 and 4,
Sheet 2. Fig. 3 is an elevation, and Fig. 4, a ground plan of a series of
four double-acting bellows of a circular form, where A is the top part and
B the bottom part of the bellowses, which are fastened to and work on to a
hollow chamber C, C, C, C, at each end of which is constructed a pallet
box D, D, D, D, with valves placed in the same way as described' for the
square bellowses, in Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet. 1 and 2; one series is to act for
the lower chamber, both ingress and egress, and the other series for the upper
chamber in the same way, as will be seen by the dotted lines a¹, the plan and
elevation.
These bellows are worked by means of crank shafts E, E, E, each having
two sets of rectangular cranks, so that they alternate in their motion, that
when one crank is at 0° the corresponding crank is at 90°, and on the other
shaft when the crank is at 180° the corresponding one will be 270°, causing
thereby a continuous alternating motion. These cranks have attached to
them connecting rods F, F, F, which work into a beam or lever at the upper
end in Figs. 3 and 4, which work into and radiate from the pins G, G, G, G.
The connecting rods H, H, are attached to the top of the upper bellows, and
work the lower bellowses.
The motion and action of the valves or pallets is precisely the same as
those previously described, with one exception, that the top and bottom move,
and the centre board is stationery, and is formed out of the chamber C, C, C:

page_text: These machines are adapted to the exhausting of vapour from brewers'
wort, distillers' vats, sugar rooms, malt drying rooms, or the drying rooms for
all kinds of pigments, salt works, chemical works, texele fabrics, or the
exhausting of bad air from and forcing good and pure air into mines, ships,
or houses of any description, or the forcing of good air into and cooling
apartments, either with air drawn through any disinfecting or refrigerating
material, so as to purify or cool it, or to draw air through filtering mediums,
and thence into ships, buildings, or mines, or into wind musical instruments.
CLAIM.
What I claim as of my Invention is the arrangements and combinations of
the machines as herein described, and shewn in the Drawings annexed, for
the several uses herein enumerated.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said Daniel Imhof in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
IмHOF, of No. 547, Oxford Street, London, and County of Middlesex, Organ
Builder and Pianoforte Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Daniel Imhof, Her special licence that I, the said Daniel Imhof,
my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Daniel Imhof, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY ADAPTED TO THE EXHAUSTING OR FORCING OF AIR,
GASES, OR VAPOUR, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH MACHINERY TO VARIOUS
USEFUL PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Daniel'
Imhof, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the samé
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal

page_text: Tatent mice on or before the 50th of March 18 next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
;
NOW KNOW YẺ, that I, the said Daniel Imhof, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
My improvements in machinery for exhausting and forcing of air, gases,
or vapour consist of certain contrivances in the arrangement and disposition
of the moveable parts of bellowses so as to be double-acting when in motion;
and so combine one or more of these bellowses, working them each at different
periods of time, that the pallets or valves in the whole combination or series
of bellowses may be taking in and letting out air, gasses, or vapour alternately,
thereby causing a steady stream or current.
Another important improvement consists in arranging the pallets and pallet
boxes of such bellowses at one end, and free from the moveable parts of the
bellowses, not to have holes in the bottom and top boards. There is another
novelty and improvement in the arrangement of the several bellowses, which
is, to work by cranks and connecting rods centrally between each series;
producing a régular and steady alternating motion.
One form of these compound bellowses is shewn, Figure 1 and 2, where
A, A, A, A, A, represent the frame of the machine; B, B, the crank handle,'
for the purpose of working the crank shaft C, C, the back end of which will
be affixed a fly wheel of the required weight and diameter necessary to keep
up the momentum for steady motion; D, D, D, three connecting rods, which
pass down and are affixed to the front end of the two middle moveable
boards G, G; from these are affixed connecting rods E', E', E', E¹, to work
the moveable middle boards above and below in each set of three bellowses;
the motion, therefore, of the whole series will be alternating. E, E, are the
top boards, and F, F, the bottom boards, which are kept at their proper
angle and made stationary by the side pieces F, F; G, G, the moveable centre
boards, which are moved up and down to draw in and force out air, gass, or
vapour from each chamber formed between the middle board G and the top
board E, and the middle board G and bottom board F. The air to supply
these chambers is taken in at the apertures I, I, I, and is let out through the
apertures J, J, J, which are shewn in the ends of the pallet boxes H, H¹
K, K, K, are covers over the pallets, which are easily removed for the purpose
of examining them.
In the enlarged Drawing of the pallet box, Fig. 2, will be seen the passages
for the direction of the air in and out from the bellowses. E and F are the

page_text: top and bottom boards, G, the movable centre board, and E, the pallet box,
as before described. Each pallet box is divided into four compartments, in
each of which is a pallet or valve; the two on the right, a and c, are the
ingress pallets, and the two on the left, d and e, are the egress pallets, each
being to let in and out air, gases, or vapour to and from the chambers
between the centre board and top board, and from the chamber between the
centre board.and bottom board.
In order to describe the double action of each bellows more fully, if we
suppose the moveable centre board to be pulled upwards, it will necessarily
form a vacuum in the lower chamber, the air will rush in through the large
aperture I, and the valve or pallet a will raise and let in the air above it,
when it will rush down through the small aperture b, and down to the bottom
chamber; when the return of the moveable centre board takes place for the
down stroke the air is displaced, and passes out through the egress passage
through the valve d; at the same time the air is again passing in lifting the
pallet c, passing above it and in through the small aperture d, which fills the
chamber at the top, when the moveable centre board again returns on the
upward stroke, and displaces the air from the upper chamber, and through
the valve or pallet e, and thence through the large aperture J, and so
alternately by each of the series, each side of the centre board causing a
continuous stream of air, gas, or vapour.
I cover each of the ingress
passages I, I, I, with a flange joint, and communicate them to one ingress
pipe, and also cover the egress passages J, J, J, in the same way, and connect
them to one egress pipe at both ends of the machine from each series, and,
if necessary, connect each of the ingress and egress pipes together from each
side, making them act so as to force one continuous stream of air, gas, or
vapour.
Another form of bellows of this principle is shewn in Figs. 4 and 5. Fig. 4
is an elevation, and Fig. 5 a ground plan of a series of four double-acting
bellows of a circular form, where A is the top part and B the bottom part of
the bellowses, which are fastened to and work on to a hollow chamber C, C, C, C,
at each end of which is constructed a pallet box D, D, D, D, with valves
placed in the same way as described for the square bellowses in Figs. 1, 2,
and 3; one series is to act for the lower chamber, both ingress and regress,
and the other series for the upper chamber, in the same way as will be seen
by the dotted lines in the plan and elevation.
These bellows are worked by means of crank shafts E, E, E, each having
two sets of rectangular cranks, so that they alternate in their motion, that
when one crank is at 0 the corresponding crank is at 90°, and on the other

page_text: shaft when the crank is at 180° the corresponding one will be 270°, causing
thereby a continuous alternating motion. These cranks have attached to
them connecting rods F, F, F, which work into a beam or lever at the upper
end. The connecting rods H, H, are attached to the top of the upper bellows
and work the lower bellowses.
The motion and action of the valves or pallets is precisely the same as
those previously described, with one exception, that the top and bottom move,
and the centre board is stationary, and is formed out of the chamber C, C, C.
These machines are adapted to the exhausting of vapour from brewers'
worts, distillers' vats, sugar rooms, malt drying rooms, or the drying rooms
for all kinds of pigments, salt works, chemical works, textile fabrics, or the
exhausting of bad air from and forcing good and pure air into mines, ships,
or houses of any description, or the forcing of good air into and cooling
apartments, either with air drawn through any disinfecting or refrigerating
material so as to purify or cool it, or to draw air through filtering mediums,
and thence into ships, buildings, or mines, or into wind musical instruments.
What I claim as of my Invention is the arrangements and combinations
of the machines as herein described, and shewn in the Drawings annexed,
and for the several uses herein enumerated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Imhof, have hereunto set my
hand & seal, this Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
DANIEL IMHOF. (L.S.)