IMPROVE- MENTS IN INGOT MOULDS EMPLOYED IN THE CASTING OF STEEL AND OTHER METALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City
of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN INGOT MOULDS EMPLOYED IN THE CASTING OF STEEL AND OTHER
METALS." A communication from abroad by Hippolyte Ulysse Petiņ
and Jean Marie Gaudet, of the Firm of Petin, Gaudet, and Company,
of Rive de Gier, in the Empire of France, Ironmasters.
Sealed the 5th May 1863, and dated the 30th December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th December 1862.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INGOT MOULDS EMPLOYED IN THE CASTING OF STEEL AND OTHER
METALS," a communication from abroad by Hippolyte Ulysse Petin and Jean
Marie Gaudet, of the Firm of Petin, Gaudet, and Company, of Rive de Gier,
in the Empire of France, Ironmasters, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
moulds to be employed in the casting of ingots of steel or other metals, and
consists in making such moulds syphon-shaped, the metal being first poured

page_text: into a main compartment, which communicates at its lower end only with one
or more other compartments by a lateral aperture or apertures, the metal
rising in such other compartiments slowly and steadily, although poured
rapidly into the main or filling compartment. Each of the compartments in
connection with the main compartment is closed at the top with the exception
of a small aperture for the escape of the air and gases. Any number of these
compartments may be combined together in one apparatus, which is composed
of several parts held together by bolts and keys, or otherwise, so as to be
readily separated for the purpose of opening the several moulds when the
ingots are to be removed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th June 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex, and
of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that I, the said John
Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
1, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN INGOT MOULDS EMPLOYED IN THE CASTING OF STEEL AND OTHER
METALS," a communication from abroad by Hippolyte Ulysse Petin and Jean
Marie Gaudet, of the Firm of Petin, Gaudet, and Co., of Rive de Gier, in the
Empire of France, Ironmasters, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same

page_text: to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
•
The said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of.
moulds to be employed in the casting of ingots of steel or other metals, and
consists in making such moulds syphon-shaped, the metal being first poured
into a main compartment, which communicates at its lower end only with one
or more other compartinents by a lateral aperture or apertures, the metal
rising in such other compartments slowly and steadily, although poured rapidly.
into the main or filling compartment. Each of the compartments in con-
nection with the main compartment is closed at the top with the exception of
a small aperture for the escape of the air and gases. Any number of these
compartments may be combined together in one aparatus, which is composed;
of several parts held together by bolts and keys, or otherwise, so as to be.
readily separated for the purpose of opening the several moulds when the
ingots are to be removed.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
I shall refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto:
annexed, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all
the Figures.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents a vertical section, taken through the
centre of the improved ingot mould; Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the
same, taken along the line 1, 2; and Figure 3 is a plan of the top of the
mould.
This mould is composed of four parts, A, B, C, and D, held together firmly
by the key bolts 6, 6', and comprises eleven distinct compartments or chambers,
the whole of the ten chambers which surround the larger central or main
chamber a communicating with that chamber at their lower extremities by
the openings or passages c, c.
The upper ends of the smaller chambers are
closed, with the exception of a small vent hole d left therein. The entire
mould is made to open or separate into four parts, in such a way that after
the ingots have been cast they can all be easily removed from their respective
chambers, the lines of division being made to pass through the whole of such
chambers, as shewn in the Drawings.

page_text: In using this mould, its parts are first bolted together, as shewn, and it is
then placed on end upon a flat plate or block of metal (see Figure 1.) The
molten metal is then poured rapidly into the mouth of the central or main
chamber a, and rises slowly in all the other chambers, entering therein by the
openings c at the bottom. As the central chamber rises a little bigher than
the rest, a slight pressure will be exerted upon the metal in the surrounding
compartments, and one mouth alone requires to be covered, namely, that of
the compartment or main chamber a. When set it is simply requisite to
draw out the keys withdraw the bolts, when the mould can be opened, and
the several ingots removed. I do not confine myself to the precise form and
arrangement of mould herein-before described and illustrated, as it is obvious
that the moulds may be modified in form and number, and in the means
adopted for holding the parts together without departing from the nature of
the said Invention.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,--
First, the general construction and arrangement of ingot moulds, sub-
stantially as herein-before described.
Second, the making of ingot moulds in the form of an inverted syphon,
substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have hereunto set
my band and seal, this Nineteenth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
I HENRY JOHNSON