NEW INVENTED ENGINES OR MACHINES FOR THE PURPOSE OF ROVING, SLUBBING, AND SPINNING OF WOOLLEN, WORSTED, AND LINEN YARN IN A MANNER NOT HERE- TOFORE USED OR PRACTISED, BY MEANS OF WHICH THE ROVING, SLUBBING, AND SPINNING MAY BE EXECUTED IN A MUCH BETTER MANNER THAN BY ANY OTHER MEANS HITHERTO DISCOVERED
Year: 1786

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN ROYDS,.
of Falinge, in the Parish of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Third hath, by His
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of
October last, been most graciously pleased to give and grant unto me, the said
John Royds, my exors, adñors, and assigns, His special licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, to make, use, exercise, and vend, for and during
the term of fourteen years, within that part of Great Britain called England,
His said Majesty's Principality of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and also in His said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my
"NEW INVENTED ENGINES OR MACHINES FOR THE PURPOSE OF ROVING, SLUBBING,
AND SPINNING OF WOOLLEN, WORSTED, AND LINEN YARN IN A MANNER NOT HERE-
TOFORE USED OR PRACTISED, BY MEANS OF WHICH THE ROVING, SLUBBING, AND
SPINNING MAY BE EXECUTED IN A MUCH BETTER MANNER THAN BY ANY OTHER MEANS
HITHERTO DISCOVERED;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a provisoe that
I, the said John Royds, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of my said Inventions, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar
month next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent,
otherwise the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages thereby
granted, should utterly cease, determine, and be void, as in and by the said
Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
by
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of the said Letters Patent and of the
above-mentioned provisoe therein contained, I, the said John Royds, do hereby
disclose, discover, and describe my said Inventions by the Plans or Drawings
hereunto annexed, and the descriptions thereof hereunder written (that is
to say) :-
A is the water wheel; B, a cog wheel fixed on the water wheel shaft
which drives the wheel C, fixed on the upright shaft D, on the top of which
shaft is fixed the wheel E, which drives the wheel F on the horizontal shaft G.
On the shaft G is fixed the drum H, which, by a strap, turns the drum A,
Fig. 1st. The drum A is loose on the axis of the rollers B, B, when not in
work. On the same axis of the rollers B, B, is fixed the wheel C; the
drum A has a catch and the wheel C a pin, which are locked together by
means of the lever D to put them to work in the same manner as described
at 18, 19, 20, 21 (Fig. 3rd); the drum A then turns the rollers B, B. On the
axis of the rollers B, B, is the wheel E, which turns, by means of .a chain,
the wheel F. On the same axis with the wheel F are the rollers G, G. On
the rollers B, B, G, G, are placed the rollers I, I, H, H, and are carried
round with them, being pressed on their surfaces by spring levers fixed by
screws at K, K. L, L, are the sides of the frame, with open grooves in which
to place the axis of the rollers. G, G, H, H, at a proper distance. from the
rollers I, I,, B,, B. The small wheel M is for the purpose of regulating
the chain on the wheels E, F, according to the distance of the rollers B, B,
from the rollers G, G. The wheel M turns, round on a pin fixed in a slide,
which slide is raised or lowered in the grooves O, O, and is made fast by a
screw at N. The wool or other material passes over a loose roller P betwixt
the pins, and betwixt the rollers G, G, H, H, and betwixt the rollers I, I, B, B,
and through the forks Q, Q, and betwixt the rollers R, R, R, R (which are
loosely placed in an open groove), to the receiver S. The lower rollers R, R,
are turned by a strap which passes over the wheel T fixed on the same axis,
and over the wheel C, fixed on the axis of the rollers B, B. The upper
rollers R, R, are turned round by, the under rollers R, R.
Fig. 2nd is work'd by a strap which passes over the drum A on the hori
zontal shaft G, and over the drum B; and is constructed in the same manner
as Fig. 1st, except two scrapers C, C, fixed in the bar D, D, which reach the
outward surface of the two rollers E, E; this machine being for the purpose
of passing at once two or more slubbings betwixt its rollers..
Fig. 3rd. a, a wheel, fixed on the upright shaft D, turns the wheel 6 fixed
on the horizontal shaft C. On the shaft C is fixed the drum d, which turns by
a strap the wheel a (Fig. 3rd); the wheel a is loose on the axis b, b, when out

page_text: of work,. and is put into and, out, of work by the lever c, as is hereafter
déscribed at 18, 19, 20, 20, 21. The wheel a then carries round, on the
axis b, b, the wheels d, e, which are fast to each other. The wheel e, by a
strap, carries round the wheel f, which turns round on the upright axis g,
which axis is made fast in the wood frame of the machinė. h, h, is an iron
frame that resteth on the, wheel f, and is turned round on the fixed axis ġ by
means of the pins n, n, passing through its bottom, which pins are drove fast
into the wheel f; k, a small pinion on the top of the 'upright axis g; 1, 1, a
cylinder with a vacancy in the middle, in which is fixed the counteracting
wheel m, which cylinder is turned round on its own axis by means of the iron
frame h, h, carrying it, together with the wheel m, round the fixed pinion k;
i, a pulley fixed on the axis of the cylinder l, l, which by a string turns the
pulley. o, which is fixed on, the axis p, p, on which axis p, p, is fixed a spiral
screw that turns the wheel q. The heart wheel r, being fast to the wheel q,
turns round with it on a pin fixed in the bar f, f; t is a guider that hangs
loose on a pin at u, and is carried forward and backward by a pin fixed in the
guider t at v; which slides in the groove of the heart wheel r. The cog
wheel 1 is fixed on the axis of the rollers 22, and is turned by a cliain which
passes over a cog wheel that is fixed to the wheel e upon the axis b; b. On
the axis of the rollers 2, 2, is fixed the wheel 3 which drives the wheel 4.
The wheel 4 is fixed on the axis of the spiral screw. 5; the screw 5 turns the
wheels 6, 7; which are fixed on the axis, of the rollers 8, 8, 9, 9. The
rollers 10, 10, 10, 10, are pressed on the surfaces of the rollers '2, 2, 9, 9,
by the weights and levers 12, 12, and are turned round with them. The
rollers 8, 8, support on their surfaces the rollers 13, 13, which press on them
with their own weight. The pulley 14 is fixed on the axis of the brush
cylinder 15, 15, and is turned round by a string that goes round the wheel 14
that is fixed to the cog wheel 1. 16, 16, are two scrapers on the surfaces
of the rollers 2, 2; 17, 17, are the sides of the frame similar to L, L,
(Fig. 1st); 18 is a ferrule screwed fast to the axis b, b, and carries round with
it the wheels d, e, by the catch or pin 19 when in work; and is put out of
The
work by pushing sideways the lever 20, 20, which turns on a pin at 21.
back side of the iron frame h, h, is shewn at A, A, the wool or other material
passes over the roller 22, 22, and between the pins 23, 23, 23, 23, and also
passes between the rollers 10, 10, 9, 9, 13, 13, 8, 8, 10, 10, 2, 2, and like-
.wise
passes betwixt pins (placed in a similar manner with those at.23,. 23, 23,
33), behind the rollers 2, 2, passing also through an open neck in the top of the
irame h, h, at 24, 24 (the neck of the frame h, h, turning round in the
bar 27, 27), and through the eye of the guider t at 25 to the bobbins 26, 26,

page_text: which, lying in open grooves in the iron frame h, h, with liberty to rise or
fall, press with their own weight on the cylinder 1, 1, and are likewise
turned round thereby. 28 is a plate of tin for the roving to pass over to the
bobbin 26.
Fig. 4, a wheel fixed on the horizontal shaft C turns the wheel 2 on the
upright shaft 3, on which is the wheel 4 which drives the wheel 5. The wheel 5
is loose on the horizontal roller shaft 6, 6, when out of work, and is put into
and out of work by the lever 7, as described at 18, 19, 20, 20, 21 (Fig. 3d).
On the axis of the shaft 6, 6, is fixed a small pinion 8, which turns the
wheel 9 on the shaft 10. On the shaft 10 is fixed a spiral screw 11, which
drives the wheel 12 fixed on the shaft 13.
On the shaft 13 is likewise fixed
a heart wheel 14, which by its motion raises one end of the beam 15; the
beam 15, being hung on a pin at 16, recovers its place by means of a weight
at 17. The beam 15 by its motion raises the bar 18, 18, which returns
again by its own weight. On the bar 18, 18, rest the bobbins on the
spindles 19, 19, 19, 19, which spindles are turned by the wheel 20 by the
bands 21, 21. The wheel 20 is fixed on the upright shaft 22; on the same
shaft is likewise the wheel 23, which is loose on the shaft when out of work,
and is connected or not at pleasure by the lever 24 being raised or fallen on
the bearer 25, which locks or unlocks, as hereafter described in Fig. 6. The
wheel a is fixed on the axis of the rollers b, b, b, b; on the same axis is like-
wise fixed the wheel c which drives the wheel d. The wheel d is fixed on
the axis of the spiral screw e, which screw drives the wheel f. g. The wheel f
is fixed on the axis of the under rollers, on whose surfaces the upper
rollers h, h, h, h, are loosely laid, and turned round by them. The wheel g
is fixed on the axis of the rollers i, i; the rollers k, k, k, k, l, 1, 1, 1, are
pressed on the surfaces of the rollers i, i, b, b, b, b, in the same manner as
described at 12, 12 (Fig. 3d), and are turned round by them, the rollers
being all placed in open grooves in the frame m, m, in which frame, (and also
in the frames 17, 17 (Fig. 3d), and L, L (Fig. 1st), are other open grooves
for the purpose of fixing the rollers at proper distances from each other.
n, n, is a saddle, with grooves in which to place one end of the axis of each
of the upper rollers; 0, 0, 0, 0, are scrapers on the surfaces of the rollers b, b, b, b.
A string is fastened to the beam 15 at p, which, by means of a weight at q,
draws forward and backward the sliding bar r, r.
Fig. 5 shews the interior motions in Fig. 4, in each of which Figures the
wheels 20, 20, are the same, as are also the wheels 23, 23, and likewise the
upright shafts 22, 22.
by a strap 26, 26.
The wheel 23 (Fig. 4) is turned by the roller 6, 6,
The wheel 23 (Fig. 5), when in work, turns the upright

page_text: shaft 22, on which is fixed the wheel 27, which turns the wheel 28 fixed on the
shaft 29.
On the shaft 29 is the wheel 30, which drives the wheel a (Fig. 4).
Fig. 6 shews the method of locking or unlocking the wheels 20, 23
(Fig. 4), by the lever 24. The fork a, a (Fig. 6), is loose on the upright
shaft 22 (Fig. 4); the points of the fork pass through the wheel 20. When
the lever 24 is let down, the points of the fork a, a (Fig. 6), are taken hold
of by the catches 6, 6, by which the wheel 20 (Fig. 4) is carried round, and
also the upright shaft 22. The lever 24 being raised raised with it the
fork a, a, and detaches its points from the catches b, b, which puts it out of
work. The spinning is performed on the bobbins placed on the spindles
19, 19, 19, 19 (Fig. 4), by forming one thread from two or more rovings,
which rovings descend from one or more bobbins placed at A, A, passing
betwixt two loose rollers at B, and also betwixt the rollers k, i, and also
betwixt the roller h and its under roller, which is turned by the wheel f, and
likewise betwixt the rollers 1, b, over the guider c, c, to the bobbins placed on
the spindles 19, 19, 19, 19. The rovings are kept seperate from each other
by iron pins, or some other substance, placed at D, or at any other convenient
place betwixt the bobbins A, A, and the rollers 1, b.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Royds, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and eighty-six.
Inrolled the Eleventh day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and eighty-six.