Improved Construction of Building Materials and Mode of Connecting Them Together.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1899
Complète Specification Left, 15th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 12th Apr., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Construction of Building Materials and Mode of Connecting
Them Together.
I, VINCENZ LORENZ, Royal Vineyard, Praque, Austria, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention for an improved construction of building materials and mode
of connecting them together has for its object to provide building materials,.
all of which are substantially of similar form, and adapted to be put together
in the same novel manner, and which can be used not only in all above-ground
constructions and in hydraulic works but also in the construction of floorings,
roofings, party walls, flat ceilings, as well as artificial supports and for paving
slabs.
In one way of carrying out this invention as applied to building materials
for the construction of walls, hollow blocks of suitable size are moulded from
artificial stone and formed with their longitudinal contact or joint surfaces
uneven or partly slanting and partly vertical hereinafter referred to as "broken"
whilst their faces are quite even. In the borders of the hollow space in the
block are small laps or grooves into which when building is proceeding, a
strip is inserted of such a width, that, between the two building blocks a gap
of 1 centimeter is left, which is filled up with mortar, and through this strip
no mortar can reach the hollow space in the building blocks.
In carrying out the invention as applied to springing or vaulting stones, all
the contact or joint surfaces are broken and are secured from being displaced
by means of dowels. The joints are run in with Portland cement and a solu-
tion of potash water glass with an addition of 5% of kieselguhr.
Blocks constructed as described are also adapted to be connected together to
form girders or for floors and may also be used for flooring, paving and similar
purposes.
In the construction of the stone supports a temporary horizontal frame or
scaffold is employed which can be removed 48 hours after the stones have been
put together and the joints filled in with cement.
100
$11000
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improved Construction of Building Materials and Mode of Connecting
Them Together.
I, VINCENZ LORENZ, Royal Vineyard, Prague, Austria, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention for an improved construction of building materials and mode
of connecting them together has for its object to provide building materials,
all of which are substantially of similar form, and adapted to be put together
in the same novel manner, and which can be used not only in all above-ground
constructions and in hydraulic works but also in the construction of floorings,
roofings, party walls, flat ceilings, as well as artificial supports and for paving
slabs.
«
In one way of carrying out this invention as applied to building materials
for the construction of walls, hollow blocks of suitable size are moulded from
artificial stone and formed with their longitudinal contact or joint surfaces
uneven or partly slanting and partly vertical hereinafter referred to as
broken"
whilst their faces are quite even. In the border of the hollow space in the
block are small laps or grooves into which when building is proceeding, a
strip is inserted of such a width, that, between the two building blocks a gap
of 1 centimeter is left, which is filled up with mortar, and through this strip
no mortar can reach the hollow space in the building blocks.
The improved construction, as well as the method of joining the artificial
materials together, are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The materials
are described in succession in the following specification, their mode of em-
ployment being at the same time explained.
Figs. 1 to 4 are views in cross section and in longitudinal section of the
building stones for main walls.
The building stones A serve as substitutes for bricks and stone, are hollow,
and their longitudinal surfaces a doubly broken, whilst the end surfaces b
are straight. At the end of the hollow space e a small lap or groove c is
formed in the stone into which when building is proceeding, a small strip or
band d is inserted, of such a width that a gap of one centimetre is formed
between the two contiguous building stones, and which is filled in with mortar,
it being impossible for any of the latter to enter the hollow space in the build-
ing stone.
The outer and inner end stones A¹ are obviously only doubly broken in their
longitudinal contact or joining surfaces, whilst the other longitudinal surface f
is even and vertical.
The walls made with building stones of this kind resist damp and frost as
well as heat and are far more solid than the walls constructed in the present
manner, and can bear a greater weight than ordinary walls. Houses built
with such stones are perfectly dry and at once habitable.
Figs. 5 to S are views in cross-section and longitudinal section of perfectly.
straight ceiling or roofing constructed with slabs made according to this in-
vention. This consists of vaulting stones B of about 50 centimetres square,
and from 10 to 15 centimetres thick. These vaulting stones are perforated and
all their contact or bearing surfaces a are doubly broken and are secured,
against any displacement of the stones, by means of dowels i. The abutting
joints are run in with Portland cement and a solution of potash-water-glass
with an addition of 5% of kieselguhr, or the like, the result being a perfectly
inseparable body. For supporting the vaulting stones B separate springing

page_text: stones Care, employed which are laid in the main and party walls as these
are run up, the contact and bearing surfaces thereof a being doubly broken and
dowelled, the same as the vaulting stones.
.
Instead of iron girders, girders of artificial stone are employed. These artifi-
cial stone girders T shown in section in Figs. C and 8 are usually 15 centimetres
in width and 30 centimetres in height. The girders are higher and broader
according to necessity and the amount of pressure. They are 50 centimetres
long, all contact and bearing surfaces being doubly broken and furnished with
dowels. When such a girder is made direct at the building a temporary sup-
porting frame with covering planks is erected, on which the girder is made out
of separate girder stones and dowelled. The contact surfaces are joined together
with Portland cement and a solution of potash-water-glass to which 5% of
kieselguhr is added, or with an equally serviceable cement.
As soon as this
cement becomes thoroughly hard, which, at the utmost will not be longer than
48 hours, the temporary frame can be removed.
The girder stones have the advantage over the ordinary iron girders of being
perfectly fire-proof.
In Figs. 9 and 9 slabs for floorings are shown in section. The slabs may be
of any size as preferred, are about 3 centimetres in thickness, have doubly
broken contact surfaces a and are secured on all sides, against displacement by
dowels i.
The joints are run in with Portland cement, Roman cement or the like, with
a solution of potash-water-glass. The slabs, which may be of any colour or
pattern are set in mortar and form a firm coherent flooring. Such flooring is
especially suited for rooms underground or on the ground floor, as it effectually
keeps out all damp and vermin. These slabs can also be used for floorings in
the parts of the house above the ground floor.
In Fig. 10 the construction of a ceiling is shown in section. It consists of.
flat ceiling slabs P, 1 metre long, 50 centimetres wide, and 13 to 20 millimetres
thick. The contact surfaces are again doubly broken, the longitudinal sides
furnished with dowels i, the slabs being fixed to the beams R. The slabs serve
as a substitute for the boarding, plaster work and surfacing.
In Figs. 11, 12 and 12ª party walls are shown in elevation and in section.
These are composed of slabs P, 50 centimetres square, and 5 to 10 centimetres
thick according to requirements, have doubly broken contact surfaces a and are
joined together with dowels. With these slabs, wooden walls, as well as
nogging, are covered inside and outside, as shown in Fig. 13.
The party walls are self-supporting so that no foundation is necessary.
Slabs 10 centimetres thick may be employed for garden walls, etc., posts or
pillars being made use of.
Figs. 14 and 15 represent roofing tiles, in elevation and section, constructed
according to this invention. The roofing tiles P are 50 to 60 centimetres square,
and 13 to 20 millimetres thick, have doubly broken contact surfaces a and are
firmly connected together by dowelling. The roof is made firm with fire-proof
and water-proof cement. The separate tiles are fixed by two nails or screws
to the laths and the heads cemented.
Figs. 16 and 17 are sectional and plan views of a footpath and street paving.
The footpath paving consists of slabs P, 20 centimetres square, 3 centimetres
thick, with doubly broken contact surfaces and firmly joined together with
dowels.
The street paving stones P are 32 centimetres long, 16 centimetres wide,
9 centimetres thick; otherwise the same as the slabs for the footpath.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: :―
1. A construction of building materials produced from artificial substances

page_text: consisting in the homogeneous form and combination of the building materials,
two only, or the whole of the contact and bearing surfaces a being doubly
broken and if necessary dowelled..
The external building stones A¹ for main walls and party walls, charac-
terised by an even external longitudinal surface F a doubly broken longi-
tudinal surface and two even end surfaces b, grooves e being formed at the
ends of the hollow spaces e so that in building a band or strip d is laid in the
grooves of the two outermost stones for the purpose of thereby creating a
joint or seam and preventing any mortar reaching the hollow space.
3. The middle building stones A the two longitudinal sides a a of which are
doubly broken and furnished with grooves for the reception of bands or
strips.
4. Vaulting stones, slabs for flat ceilings, party-walls, facings, floorings, foot
paths and street pavements, all contact or bearing surfaces of which are doubly
broken and finally joined together by means of dowels and cement.
5. Springing stones C the one surface a of which is broken, serves for bearing
the arch or vaulting stones and is connected therewith by dowelling.
G. Artificial stone girders T the longitudinal and transverse sides of which
are doubly broken so that by dowelling and cementing the girder stones a girder
is formed which supports the arch or vaulting stones by means of the doubly
broken sides and dowelling.
Dated this 15th day of January 1900.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.