Improvements in Impregnating and Washing Yarn or Fibres, and in Means or Apparatus employed therein.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left. 1st Dec., 1892-Accepted, 7th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Impregnating and Washing Yarn or Fibres, and in
Means or Apparatus employed therein.
A communication from abroad by GEORG ALBERT GREEVEN, of Crefeld, in the
German Empire, Civil Engineer.
I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
London, Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
In treating or repeatedly treating fibrous matters in a thrown or raw state with
liquid it is of course desireable or essential to provide that the said material does
not get entangled.
น
To attain this end the yarn in the shape of hanks is hung between rods or
immersed with a half or other portion of the length of the hank loosely in the dye-
liquor or is brought by hand, or mechanically, repeatedly into contact alternately
It is
with the dye-liquor and the atmosphere by shifting the hank on the rod.
evident that these proceedings require much labour, labour it is the object of this
process to minimise.
which
In a back, vat or other suitable vessel is placed a perforated bottom upon
the fibrous matter to be treated is loosely laid. The dye back communicates with
another reservoir or reservoirs by means of a pipe or pipes at or towards its lower
end. The liquor by which the material is to be operated upon is preferably
admitted from above. The liquor penetrates through the fibrous matter or the
hanks and is gathered in the lower reservoir out of which the air has been exhausted
through a cock or outlet.
Both vessels being filled the exhaust cock is closed and the material becomes
exposed to the working of the liquid for a suitable time.
By means of another cock which is placed at or about the bottom of reservoir the
liquid can be discharged.
If this has been done and the discharge cock closed, a cover which fits airtight
against the walls of the vessel is placed upon the material and the air is again
exhausted through the exhaust cock. The atmosphere now presses with sufficient
-strength upon the cover to drive the remainder of liquid out of the material.
In some instances it may be desireable to increase the pressure exercised by the
atmosphere. This may be done by placing weight upon the cover or the arrange-
ment may be somewhat modified-such as to make the vessel enlarged in its upper
part and the cover to take the shape of a differential piston consisting of a smaller
piston and a larger one.
The smaller piston is placed immediately upon the material and is by preference
perforated, whereas the larger piston fits tightly against the walls of the vessel in
its upper part. By these means the air between the two pistons must pass through
the material and assists in driving out the liquor.
By exhausting the air through the exhaust cock a pressure is produced upon
the material which is, compared with the pressure in the apparatus, proportionately
so much stronger by the difference of the surface between the upper and the lower
piston.
By these means is attained a process of treating yarn and other fibrous material,
by which the material is loosely piled up in layers, irrigated and saturated with a
suitable liquid, which liquid is discharged after it has operated upon the material
and by which finally the material is dried, or moisture expressed, by atmospherical

page_text: pressure with the aid of suitable apparatus to carry out the operation as
described.
Dated the 30th day of March 1892.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Impregnating and Washing Yarn or Fibres, and in
Means or Apparatus employed therein.
A communication from abroad by GEORG ALBERT GREEVEN, of Crefeld, in the
German Empire, Civil Engineer.
I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
London, Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In treating or repeatedly treating fibrous matters in a thrown or raw state
with a liquid it is of course desirable or essential to provide that the said material
does not get entangled.
To attain this end the yarn in the shape of hanks is hung between rods or
immersed with a half or other portion of the length of the hank loosely in the dye-
liquor or is brought by hand, or mechanically, repeatedly into contact alternately
with the dye-liquor and the atmosphere by shifting the hank on the rod.
It is evident that these proceedings require much labour, labour it is the object
of this invention to minimise.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, shews a vertical sectional elevation of one form of the apparatus and
Fig. 2 is a plan thereof.
Fig. 3 is a like view to Fig. 1 of a modification of the apparatus and Fig. is a
plan thereof.
In a back, vat or other suitable vessel is placed a perforated bottom b, upon which
the fibrous matter to be treated is loosely laid.
The dye-back A communicates with another reservoir or reservoirs B by means
of a pipe or pipes r at or towards its lower end.
The liquor by which the material m is to be operated upon, is preferably admitted
from above. The liquor penetrates through the fibrous matter or the banks and is
gathered in the lower reservoir B out of which the air has been exhausted through
a cock or outlet.
Both vessels being filled the exhaust cock is closed and the material in becomes
exposed to the working of the liquid for a suitable time. By means of another
cock h which is placed at or about the bottom of reservoir B the liquid can be
discharged.
If this has been done and the discharge cock closed, a cover d which fits air-
tight against the walls of the vessel A, is placed upon the material and the air is
again exhausted through the exhaust cock [.
The atmosphere now presses with sufficient strength upon the cover d to drive the
remainder of liquid out of the material.
In some instances it may be desirable to increase the pressure exercised, by; the
atmosphere. This may be done by placing weight, upon the coverd or the
arrangement may be somewhat modified such as to make the vessel enlarged in its
upper part a and the cover d to take the shape of a differential piston, consisting of
a smaller piston d' and a larger one e.

page_text: The smaller piston d', is placed immediately upon the material and is by
preference perforated, whereas the larger piston e fits tightly against the walls a of
the vessel in its upper part.
By these means the air between the two pistons must pass through the material
and assists in driving out the liquor.
the
By exhausting the air through the exhaust cock a pressure is produced upon
material which is, compared with the pressure in the apparatus Fig. 1,
proportionately so much stronger by the difference of the surface between the
upper and the lower piston.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The improved process of treating yarn and other fibrous material, by which
the material is loosely piled up in layers, irrigated and saturated with a suitable
liquid, which liquid is discharged after it has operated upon the material, and by
which finally the material is dried or moisture expressed by atmospherical pressure
as set forth.
2. The improved apparatus to carry out the operations as described,
consisting of;
(a.) A vessel or dye-back A which has a perforated bottom 6 upon which the
material m is placed.
(b.) A reservoir B connected with vessel A provided with a discharge
apparatus h and with an air-cock or valve l.
(c.) A cover fitting air-tight against the walls of vessel A which cover is
pressed upon the material by exhausting the air underneath the same
(after the liquid has been let off) and which forces out the remainder of the
liquor.
3. The herein before described means or apparatus for impregnating and washing
yarns or fibres as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated the 30th day of November 1892.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.