Improvements in Means for Governing and Regulating the Distribu-. tion of Fluids to Internal Combustion Motors.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Governing and Regulating the Distribu-.
tion of Fluids to Internal Combustion Motors.
I, EUGÈNE BRILLIÉ, of 106bi³ Rue de Rennes, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its principal object to provide an inertia governor by
means of which a uniform speed in a motor, variable by the driver, can be ob-
tained notwithstanding variation in load upon the motor and with it there may
be combined, when a liquid is used, a distributor which measures the amount of
liquid requisite for each explosive charge but the invention is also applicable to
governors for distributing fluids for other purposes.
I will describe the invention as applied to an oil engine.
The distributor consists of a shell (which is preferably conical) which turns in
a casing against a corresponding wall to which it is held by a spring pivot. The
said shell is provided on its periphery with equidistant cells or chambers. In
the wall of the casing is a circular channel to be filled with oil to in turn fill the
cells or chambers in the shell.
Two conduits meet at, and open through the wall of the casing against which
the shell rotates, the one conduit being for supplying air and the other communi-
cating with the inlet for the charge to the engine.
The rotation of the shell may be effected by a pawl and ratchet on the axis of
the shell the said pawl being actuated by a governor which in the event of too
high a speed being attained by the engine stops the actuation of the pawl and
consequently the rotation of the shell. The teeth of the ratchet correspond in
number with the cells in the shell.
The air can enter the distributor by a vertical conduit adjacent to which may
be a pipe for heated air.
A movement of partial rotation of the shell takes place at each operation of the
pawl and when a cell full of oil comes opposite the aforesaid conduits, the suction
of the motor causes an indraught of air which produces the suction of the charge
of oil which is pulverized and on its way to the combustion chamber of the engine
is divided up by a perforated plate or rose and meets the current of air supplied
by the main air conduit. The stirring action produced by these two currents
coming in opposite directions produces a complete vapourizing of the oil and
yields an explosive mixture of a very homogeneous nature.
Wire gauze or the like may be placed between conduits for air and oil so as to
retain the oil and ensure its complete vapourisation. The supply of air from the
main conduit during suction is regulated by a register or valve, a sufficient in-
flow of air also passing in during such suction with the oil.
The oil is conducted to the distributor by a pipe provided with a cock. A pipe
is provided for the escape of air bubbles from the cells.
A blow off or cleaning cock is provided to form communication between the
distributor and an outlet pipe.

page_text: At the side of the shell whereat its operation by the ratchet is effected it has a
cylindrical part surrounded by a groove or channel formed in the casing to conduct
any possible leakings into the blow off outlet.
The ratchet gear operating the shell is actuated by a connecting rod operated by
a governor consisting of a lever to which an oscillating movement is imparted by
a cam or eccentric mounted on the engine shaft.
A circular mass is mounted centrally and loosely on the axis of the said oscil-
lating lever and is engaged therewith by a pin which passes, with a certain
amount of play, into an opening formed in the oscillating lever or between two
stops fast on the said lever. The said mass is acted upon by a spring the oblique
tension of which can be varied at will by means of a lever fast on a hand locking
lever the catch of which engages with a sector.
A bell-crank lever constituting a tumbler or pecker is mounted on the oscil-
Jating lever, being acted upon by a light spring which brings the upper arm of
the said bell-crank lever against the pin aforesaid.
The other end of the said bell-crank lever has a notch to operate against the
nose of a pecker lever mounted on the axis carrying the oscillating lever and mass
aforesaid, the oscillation of the said pecker lever causing the movement of the
pawl and ratchet through the connecting rod.
The downward movement of the lever is effected by a spring and is arrested by
a stop.
The apparatus works as follows:-
The hand locking lever being set in the notch of the sector corresponding to
desired speed, the spring thrusts the pin carried by the aforesaid mass against the
right edge of the opening in the oscillating lever. While this contact is main-
tained the oscillating of the lever is wholly transmitted to the combination of
parts formed by the oscillating lever, the mass, the bell-crank lever, the pecker,
and the pawl and ratchet.
Under these conditions at every revolution a cellfull of oil is brought opposite
the conduits opening through the casing as aforesaid and immediately after this
the charge is drawn into the combustion chamber with the necessary air by the
suction of the motor.
On the rate of speed increasing, the inertia of the mass likewise increases and
this tends to discontinue the bearing of the pin carried by the mass against the
right hand side of the opening in the oscillating lever just when the lower part of
this lever is to the left, that is when the pecker end of the bell-crank lever is
separated from the lever.
This relative displacement between the mass and the oscillating lever causes the
bell-crank lever to rock on its' axis and immediately afterwards as the oscillating
lever is pushed to the right the pecker end of the bell-crank lever is raised and
misses the pecker lever which is therefore stationary and the rotation of the shell is
stopped, the motor will then work by momentum and when the speed has suffi-
ciently decreased, the efforts of inertia of the mass diminishing, the whole will
operate again as before so as to cause the pawl and ratchet device to be actuated
and the distribution of the liquid to take place.
By altering the position of the locking lever the action of the spring on the
pin carried by the mass is modified and consequently the normal speed of the
motor is maintained.
To stop the engine the locking lever is brought towards the end of the sector
so that the spring can operate to move the pin on the mass towards the left so that
the pecker end of the bell-crank lever is permanently raised.
The register or valve by which air passes through the main conduit for air
should be opened in accordance with the increase of speed of the motor. To
secure this I connect the said register or valve with the aforesaid locking lever by
means of a rod so as to obtain the necessary relation of the parts.
This system of distribution is applicable to two phase motors as well as to four
cycle motors, whether single or double acting with a driving stroke for every

page_text: revolution. In this latter case the conduit for oil opens into an inlet or combus-
tion chamber common to the two cylinders. The oscillating lever should have an
oscillation for every single revolution or one for every two revolutions according
as the motor gives an impulse at every revolution or one impulse for every two
revolutions. The shaft from which the said lever is operated will then be either
the motor shaft itself or a counter shaft having half its speed.
The governor described may be used with distributors other than that described,
for pumps or compressors for example.
In the case of a gas engine the regulator may be used for working the gas
supply valve.
In an explosion motor it may be employed for operating the exhaust valve by
raising it or keeping it closed according as the sneed tends to diminish or in-
crease the said raising may be effected by the end of the pecker lever or by an
intermediate lever.
Dated this 8th day of August 1800
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX.
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Means for Governing and Regulating the Distribu-
tion of Fluids to Internal Combustion Motors.
I, EUGÈNE BRILLIE, of 106 bis Rue de Rennes, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention has for its principal object to provide an inertia governor by
means of which a uniform speed in an internal combustion motor, variable by the
driver. can be obtained, notwithstanding variation in load upon the motor, and
with it there may be combined, a distributor which measures the amount of liquid
requisite for each explosive charge.
I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
which illustrate the invention in the form preferred as applied to an oil engine.
Figure 1 is a vertical section taken through the axis of the distributor and
governor.
Figure 2 is a section taken through the axis of the governor.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 are sections of the distributor, Figure 3 being a longitudinal
section, Figure 4 a section on the line A. B Figure 3, and Figure 5 a section on
the line C D Figure 3.
The distributor consists of a shell 1 (which is preferably conical) which turns
in a casing 2 against a corresponding wall to which it is held by a spring pivot 3.
The said shell 1 is provided on its periphery with equidistant cells or chambers.
In the wall of the casing 2 is a circular channel 5 to be filled with oil to in turn
fill the cells or chambers in the shell. Two conduits meet at 6, 7 and open through
the wall of the casing against which the shell rotates, the one conduit 6 being for
supplying, air, and the other 7 communicating with the inlet for the charge to
the engine.
The rotation of the shell 1 may be effected by a pawl 8 and ratchet 9 on the
axis of the shell, the said pawl being actuated by a governor which in the event
of too high a speed being attained by the engine stops the actuation of the pawl
and consequently the rotation of the shell 1. The teeth of the ratchet 9 corre-
spond in number with the cells in the shell 1.

page_text: The air can enter the distributor by a vertical conduit 10 adjacent to which may
be a pipe for heated air.
A movement of partial rotation of the shell, in the direction indicated by the
arrow (Figure 4), takes place at each operation of the pawl and when a cell full
of oil comes opposite the aforesaid conduits 6, 7, the suction of the motor causes
a draught of air which produces the suction of the charge of oil which is
pulverized and on its way to the combustion chamber of the engine is divided 'up
by a perforated plate or rose 11 and meets the current of air supplied by a main
air conduit 12. The stirring action produced by these two currents coming in
opposite directions produces a complete vapourizing of the oil and yields an ex-
plosive mixture of a very homogeneous nature. "
Wire gauze, or the like, 13, may be placed between the conduits for 'air and
oil so as to retain the oil and insure its complete vapourisation. The supply of
air from the main conduit 12 during suction is regulated by a register or valve 14,
a sufficient inflow of air also passing in during such suction by the conduits 6, 7,
with the oil.
The oil is conducted to the. distributor by a pipe 16 provided with a cock. A
p.pe 17 is provided for the escape of air bubbles coming from the cells.
A blow-off or cleaning cock 18 is provided to form communication between the
distributor and an outlet pipe 19.
At the side of the shell whereat its operation by the ratchet is effected it has
a cylindrical part surrounded by a groove or channel 20 formed in the casing to
conduct any possible leakings into the blow-off outlet 19.
The ratchet gear operating the shell 1 is actuated by a connecting rod 21
operated by a governor, consisting of a lever 22 to which an oscillating move-
ment is imparted by a cam or eccentric mounted on the engine shaft.
A circular mass 24 is mounted centrally and loosely on the axis 25 of the said
lever 22 and is engaged therewith by a pin 26 which passes, with a certain amount
of play, into an opening formed in the lever 22 or between two stops fast on the
said lever. The said mass 24 is acted upon by a spring 27 the oblique tension et
which can be varied at will by means of a lever 28 fast on a hand locking leyer 29
the catch of which engages with a sector 30, 31.
A bell-crank lever constituting a tumbler or pecker 32 is mounted at 33 on the
lever 22 being acted upon by a light spring which brings the upper arm of the
said bell-crank lever against the aforesaid pin 26. The other end 34 of the said
bell-crank lever has a notch to operate against the nose of a pecker lever 35
mounted on the axis 25 the oscillation of the said pecker lever causing the
movement of the pawl and ratchet through the connecting rod 21.
The downward movement of the lever is effected by a spring 37 and is arrested
by a stop 36.
The apparatus works as follows:
The hand locking lever 29 being set in the notch of the sector 30, 31 corre-
sponding to desired speed, the spring 27 causes the pin 26 to bear against the
right edge of the opening in the lever 22. While this contact is maintained
the oscillations of the said lever 22 are wholly transmitted to the combination of
parts formed by the said lever 22, the mass 24, the bell-crank lever 32, the pecker
lever 35 and the pawl and ratchet 8, 9.
Under these conditions at every revolution a cell-full of oil is brought cpposite
the conduits 6, 7 and immediately after this the charge is drawn into the com-
bustion chamber with the necessary air by the suction of the motor.
On the rate of speed increasing the inertia of the mass likewise increases and
this tends to discontinue the bearing of the pin 26 against the right hand side of
the opening in the lever 22 just when the lower part of this lever is to the left,
that is when the pecker end 34 of the bell-crank lever is separated from the
lever 35.
This relative displacement between the mass 24 and the lever 22 causes the bell-
crank lever 32 to rock on its axis 33 and immediately afterwards as the lever 22

page_text: is pushed to the right the end 34 of the lever is raised and misses the pecker
lever 35, which is therefore stationary, and the rotation of the shell is stopped,
the motor will then work by momentum and when the speed has sufficiently
decreased, the efforts of inertia of the mass diminishing, the whole will operate
again as before so as to cause the pawl and ratchet device to be actuated and the
distribution of the liquid to take place.
By altering the position of the lever 29 the action of the spring 27 is modified
and consequently the normal speed of the motor is maintained.
To stop the engine the lever 29 is brought towards the end 30 of the
sector 30, 31 so that the spring 27 can operate to move the pin 26 towards the
left so that the end 34 of the bell-crank lever is permanently raised.
The register or air valve 14 should be opened in accordance with the increase
of speed of the motor. To secure this I connect the said register or valve 14
with the aforesaid lever 29 by means of a rod 38 so as to obtain the necessary re-
lation of the parts.
This system of distribution is applicable to two phase motors as well as to four
cycle motors whether single or double acting with a driving stroke for every
revolution. In this latter case, the oil conduit 7 opens into an inlet or combustion
chamber common to the two cylinders.
The lever 22 should have an oscillation for every single revolution or one for
every two revolutions according as the motor gives an impulse at every revolution
or one impulse for every two revolutions. The shaft 23 will then be either the
motor shaft itself or a counter shaft having half its speed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim
is:
1. A governor formed of a mass to which the engine imparts an oscillating
Lovement, the said mass operating a bell-crank lever for transmitting its oscilla-
tons to the distributing device, the said mass being also acted on by a spring
whose tension can be adjusted by a hand locking lever, substantially as herein-
before described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
2. In the construction of hydrocarbon engines the combination of the governor
above described and claimed with a distributor having a shell provided on its
periphery with cells or chambers turning in a channel filled with oil and presented
in succession opposite an air supply which expels and pulverizes the oil substan-
tially as described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
3. In the construction of hydrocarbon engines the use of a distributor having
rotary cells or chambers for feeding a required quantity or supply of oil for each
explosion, the supply being regulated by the governor hereinbefore described
substantially as set forth and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
T1 AL
01
Lamm... 1900
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.