IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY
Year: 1878

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 12th day of March 1886, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 33, Chancery Lane, London, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING
AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." A communication from abroad by
Bernhard Stauffer. of Cologne, Germany.
Sealed the 12th July 1878, and dated the 1st February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1878.
PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane London.
(A com-
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES
OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY."
munication to me from abroad by Bernhard Stauffer of Cologne Germany.)
According to this Invention the oil or other lubricant such as grease or soap
and water is contained in a chamber cup or receptacle formed with internal screw
thread and fitted with a screwed plug fitting well therein; there is an outlet hole
or holes through the oil chamber or through the plug and this hole communicates
by a short neck or by a pipe of any convenient length with the part or parts to be
lubricated.
When the chamber is charged and the plug screwed in the lubrication is effected
by screwing the plug further in thereby forcing the oil out through the aforesaid
hole or holes, or the plug may be stationary and the chamber then be screwed
on to the plug. Pressure being applied the lubricating material enters the smallest
cavity and enters efficiently between rubbing surfaces and as the plug is turned
more or less or more or less quickly or slowly so will the lubrication be in quantity
or suddenness of application.
Different objects close together or far apart may be lubricated simultaneously
by pipe connections to one and the same lubricator and the degree of lubrication
for each or any may be shut off or regulated by separate cocks or valves.

page_text: For continuous lubrication say of the interior or other parts of a steam cylinder
the screwing of the lubricating plug or body is effected by clockwork or by con-
nection with some moving part of the engine or shafting.
For some purposes the body of the lubricator may be formed with a milled edge or
with corrugations or with hexagon flats for conveniently screwing it into the
plummer block or other part to be lubricated, and the plug may be formed with a
Hat part or handle.
An oil or lubricant leaving no deposit is most suitable for this kind of
lubricator.
In some cases it may be run in a molten state filling the lubricator and the
pipes or passages connected therewith.
The lubricator may be formed with a fine outlet pipe as a syringe and be held
in the hand and used for squirting the lubricant in where required or for squirting
turpentine or other substance in for cleaning off dirty oil or grease.
A large
syringe of this sort may be used for charging several small ones.
For plummer blocks, loose pulleys door hinges and many other objects a cavity
or oil chamber may be formed in the object itself and this be fitted with a
screwed plug.
Sometimes it is convenient to lubricate a loose pulley by a central passage
through the spindle or stud it runs on the latter being screwed outside and a
cap forming the oil chamber being screwed thereon and if required fitted with a
pulley which can be turned as required by a suspended endless cord.
The oil chamber is sometimes formed with a dish for catching the oil that may
be pressed out by the plug.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st August
1878.
PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES
OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." (A com-
munication to me from abroad by Bernhard Stauffer of Cologne, Germany.)
The main object of this Invention is to construct lubricating apparatus especially
suitable for oils or other lubricants leaving no residue or deposit such as consolidated
oils or grease or powdered black lead.
In some cases the lubricant may be run in in a molten state filling tho lubricator,
and the pipes or passages connected therewith, if any.
Apparatus constructed as herein after-described may, however, also be used
with other oils or other lubricants such as grease or soap and water.
During the last few years many trials have been made with semi solid or con-
solidated lubricants which do not run off, but nevertheless possess excellent lubri-
cating properties; but the general successful application of them has not been
attained, because of the want of perfectly suitable lubricating apparatus whereby
the lubricant could with certainty be brought to the surface to be lubricated.
In apparatus constructed according to this Invention the solid or other lubricant
is contained in a chamber cup or receptacle formed with screw thread and fitted
with on to a correspondingly screwed plug or cap fitting well therein or thereon;
There is an outlet hole or holes through the chamber or through the plug and this
hole communicates by a short neck or by a pipe or pipes of any convenient length
with the part or parts to be lubricated;
When the chamber or cap is charged and screwed on to the plug serewed in, the
lubrication is effected by screwing the plug or cap so far in or on as to force the
lubricant through the aforesaid hole or holes or pipe or pipes, pressure being applied
all according to the consistency or property of the lubricant, the latter enters the
smallest cavity and enters efficiently between the rubbing surfaces, and as the plug or
cap is turned more or less or more or less quickly or often so will the lubrication be
in quantity or suddeness of application.
For many purposes an occasional turning of the cap or plug (or vice-versa of the
chamber, if the plug is made stationary) suffices for most efficient lubrication lasting
days or weeks by means of this kind of apparatus but automatic clockwork or
other gear may be applied for turning continuously or intermittently.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents an ordinary plummer block
the cap A of which is fitted with the improved lubricator: it is for this purpose
formed with a screwed part or shank B on which fits the correspondingly screwed
cup or chamber C (which contains the solid lubricant) acting by direct pressure on
the lubricant. There is a passage through the cap A and brass D. By turning the
cup C either direct by hand when formed with a milled edge or by a spanner or
key, the lubricant is forced into the bearing.

page_text: Figure 2 shows an end bearing for a spindle or shaft. The bearing brass or bush
D is screwed at the outer ond B and carries the cup C for the lubricant. This
arrangement has certain advantages compared with Figure 1 as, for instance dirt
cannot enter the bearing from the right-hand side or end; secondly the fresh lubri-
cating material forces the old or used material out at the other end; this end 5
may be fitted with a joint washer as shewn to keep out the dust.
Figure 3 shews the Invention applied to the nut D of a press screw, C being the
cup containing the lubricant.
Figure 4 represents a lubricating arrangement for a loose pulley F; E is the
fast pulley on the same spindle G, this latter is screwed at the end and the cup C 1
is screwed on it. The shaft G is formed with a central hole which by passages f
and a communicates with the interior of the boss of F and of the bearing of the
hanger or plummer block D.
In Figure 5 the spindle G is fixed and stationary in the hanger or bracket D
and the pulley F revolves on the spindle G which is provided with a nut 9 having
a passage leading from the cup C to a groove in the spindle in the place where
the pulley revolves on it; h is a flat helical spring rivetted to the pulley and the
free end of which for every revolution catches in notches in the cup C, if these be
say 4, 6 or 8 in number one can hear how many 14, or revolutions it is turned.
Very often a whole revolution is not required, as in the case here where the cup C
is rather largo and thus a rather large quantity of lubricating material is pressed
out by a complete revolution.
Figure 6 shews a mode of lubricating the back centre spindle of a lathe. The
hexagon on the cup is the same size as that of the nut H. To give fresh lubri-
cation the hexagon-shaped capsule I is drawn back so far as to be free of the
hexagon nut H, then turn the cup Cone or more sixth of a revolution.
Figure 7 shews the spindle of a circular saw. The cup C is hid in the strap
pulley E and thus protected against the sawdust. Both the bearings D and Dare
lubricated from a hole through the spindle communicating by short passages with
the bearings. A similar arrangement is suitable for the thrust block of a propeller
shaft.
Figures 8 and 9 shew the same system applied to a vertical shaft that is for
the plummer block D and the step bearing D', the latter may if desired be
lubricated from the side instead of from below as hero shewn, especially if a hardened
steel disc is used for the bottom of the shaft to work on, when it would be incon-
venient to arrange lubrication from below.
Vertical shafts for turbines, millstones, centrifugal driers and other quickly
revolving shafts may be efficiently lubricated in this manner.
In all cases the bearings must be closed, and so arranged that in forcing in fresh
lubricating material, the old may be forced out.
The three following Figures shew a cheap and simple mode of reversing the
system, suitable for many cases.
Figure 10 shows the head of a connecting rod formed with lubricating cup fitted
with a screw plug C which on being turned forces the consolidated lubricant into
the bearing.
Figure 11 shews an ordinary door hinge fitted with lubricating chamber and
feed plug C. Door locks may be fitted with similar lubricators for oiling without
detaching the lock.
Figure 12 shows a mode of lubricating dovetail slides or guides used in any
sort of machinery.
Figure 13 represents a carriage axle in which differently to the arrangements
described the cup C is screwed outside. There is a small hole through the cone
washer for communication between the cup G and the axle bearing to be
lubricated.
From the foregoing it will be evident that it is immaterial whether the screw or
the nut is turned, or whether the one or the other contains the lubricant, as it

page_text: depends on the relative change of position of the two. Therefore circumstances must
decide as to which is the most convenient.
If it is not convenient to fit or provide the part to be lubricated with a screw or
screw plug B as shown in Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive the arrangement shewn in Figure 14
may often be resorted to; this is a eup consisting of a screw plug or a hollow body B
fitted with a screwed shank for tightly screwing it into the part to be lubricated and
provided with a hollow internally screwed cap or lid C for containing the lubricant.
This kind of lubricator may for instance often be applied to the boss of loose strap
pulleys and to plummer blocks.
Figure 15 represents a lubricating squirt or syringe. The body B is fastened to
a shank B2 and has a cap or lid (which slides in the capsule B. By placing the
front of the shank B2 in the oil hole of any part of a machine and turning the
cap C, lubricating material or cleansing material such as turpentine may be applied
according to this system by direct pressure on the lubricant and that without any
alteration in the parts to be lubricated.
Figure 16 illustrates various modes whereby all revolving or other working
parts of a whole factory may be lubricated according to this system.
Referring, first, to the driving steam engine it will be seen that the steam
cylinder is lubricated by lubricator 1 like Figure 14 fixed in a three-way cock
from which a pipe is carried down to the piston rod gland, by turning the cock
one or the other may be lubricated.
The cross head pin is greased by a lubricator 3 and the cross head against the
guide bars by four lubricators 4, 5 is a lubricator on the crank end of the con-
necting rod, 6 is a lubricator for the crank shaft.
The vertical shaft A rests in a step bearing which also forms the end bearing for
the shaft B, both these bearings are greased with consolidated grease by means of
one lubricator 7, the cap or cup of which is turned by hand wheel 8 on a spindle
thus avoiding the danger and inconvenience of the ordinary mode of lubricating.
The other bearings to the shaft B have each a lubricator 9.
The fan D is also fitted with a lubricator 10 and the spindle is hollow so that
there is communication between both bearings which are lubricated simultaneously.
The lathe E and the countershaft F are also fitted with lubricators 11, 12, 13
and 14 in various parts where required as will be understood from the foregoing.
Referring again to Figures 4 and 7 it is evident that several bearings can
according to this system, be lubricated at the same time from a single lubricator.
This mode is shewn carried out with reference to the shaft C Figure 16. There is
only one lubricator 15 for all the bearings and it communicates with them by a
pipe 16 and branch pipes 17. By turning the eup lid or plug cap of the one lubricator
all the bearings are greased simultaneously. The branch pipes 17 may be fitted
with a cock each to shut off or regulate the supply of lubricating material as
required.
In all the examples given here good solidified or semi solid dry lubricating material
is supposed to be used, whereby the cup or cap of the lubricator need only to be
turned at very long intervals.
If the apparatus are to be used for fluid lubricants the cap or cup or plug may
be made fluid tight by means of stuffing box arrangement and clockwork or other
automatical arrangements may be applied to give mechanical feed motion to it.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 show that the moveable part of the lubricator may if desired
be held in position by some kind of locking appliance.
When the oil chamber c is empty the eup it may be removed and refilled or another
cap filled with the semi solid lubricant put on instead.
The cap of a lubricator may in some cases be formed with a grooved pulley
for suspended endless cord or chain to be turned thereby as required.
The oil chamber is sometimes formed with a dish for catching the oil that may
be pressed out by the cap or plug,

page_text: And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention and
various modes of carrying the same into effect I declare that I claim,―
Firstly, The construction and modes of application of lubricators substantially
as described with reference to Figures 1 to 12 9.
Secondly. The construction and mode of application of lubricators substantially
as described with reference to Figure 13.
Thirdly-Secondly. The construction of lubricators substantially as described with
reference to Figures 14 and 15.
Fourthly. The application of one lubricator nctuated and constructed sub
stantially as described with reference to the necompanying Drawings to the lubri
ention by direct pressure of two or more parts or places by means of conduits
passages or pipe connections.
In witness whereof I the said Peter Jensen have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirtieth day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 33, Chancery Lane, London, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING
AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." A communication from abroad by
Bernhard Stauffer, of Cologne, Germany.
J
Sealed the 12th July 1878, and dated the 1st February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1878.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London. " IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES
OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." (A. com-
munication from abroad by Bernhard Stauffer, of Cologne, Germany.)
According to this Invention the oil or other lubricant, such as grease or soap
and water, is contained in a chamber, cup, or receptacle formed with internal screw
thread, and fitted with a screwed plug fitting well therein. There is an outlet hole
or holes through the oil chamber or through the plug, and this hole communicates
by a short neck or by a pipe of any convenient length with the part or parts to be
lubricated.
When the chamber is charged, and the plug screwed in, the lubrication
is effected by screwing the plug further in, thereby forcing the oil out through the
aforesaid hole or holes; or the plug may be stationary, and the chamber then be
screwed on to the plug. Pressure being applied the lubricating material enters the
smallest cavity, and enters efficiently between rubbing surfaces; and as the plug is
turned more or less, or more or less quickly or slowly, so will the lubrication be in
quantity or suddenness of application.
Different objects close together or far apart may be lubricated simultaneously
by pipe connections to one and the same lubricator, and the degree of lubrication
for each or any may be shut off or regulated by separate cocks or valves.

page_text: For continuous lubrication, say, of the interior or other parts of a steam cylinder,
the screwing of the lubricating plug or body is effected by clockwork, or by con-
nection with some moving part of the engine or shafting.
For some purposes the body of the lubricant may be forned with a milled edge or
with corrugations or with hexagon flats for conveniently screwing it into the
plummer block or other part to be lubricated, and the plug may be formed with a
flat part or handle.
An oil or lubricant, leaving no deposit is most suitable for this kind of
lubrication.
In some cases it may be run in in a molten state filling the lubricator, and the
pipes or passages connected therewith.
The lubricator may be formed with a fine outlet pipe as a syringe, and be held
in the hand and used for squirting the lubricant in where required, or for squirting
turpentine or other substance in for cleaning off dirty oil or grease. A large
syringe of this sort may be used for charging several small ones.
For plummer blocks, loose pulleys, door hinges, and many other objects a cavity
or oil chamber may be formed in the object itself, and this be fitted with a
screwed plug.
Sometimes it is convenient to lubricate a loose pulley by a central passage
through the spindle or stud it runs on, the latter being screwed outside, and a
cap forming the oil chamber being screwed thereon, and, if required, fitted with a
pulley which can be turned as required by a suspended endless cord.
The oil chamber is sometimes formed with a dish for catching the oil that may
be pressed out by the plug.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st August
1878.
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES
OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." (A com--
munication from abroad by Bernhard Stauffer, of Cologne, Germany.)
The main object of this Invention is to construct lubricating apparatus, especially
suitable for oils or other lubricants leaving no residue or deposit, such as consolidated
grease or powdered black lead.
In some cases the lubricant may be run in in a molten state filling the lubricator,
and the pipes or passages connected therewith, if any.
Apparatus constructed as herein-after described may, however, also be used
with other oils or other lubricants, such as grease or soap and water.
During the last few. years many trials have been made with solid or con-
solidated lubricants which do not run off, but nevertheless possess excellent lubri-
cating properties; but the general successful application of them has not been
attained, because of the want of perfectly suitable lubricating apparatus whereby
the lubricant could with certainty be brought to the surface to be lubricated.
In apparatus constructed according to this Invention the solid or other lubricant
is contained in.a chamber, cup, or receptacle formed with screw thread, and fitted
with a correspondingly screwed plug or cap fitting well therein or thereon. There
is an outlet hole or holes through the chamber or through the plug, and this hole
communicates by a short neck or by a pipe or pipes of any convenient length with
the part or parts to be lubricated.
When the chamber is charged, and the plug screwed in, the lubrication is effected
by screwing the plug or cap so far in or on as to force the lubricant through the
aforesaid hole or holes or pipe or pipes. Pressure being applied all according to
the consistency or property of the lubricant, the latter enters the smallest cavity,
and enters efficiently between the rubbing surfaces; and as the plug or cap is
turned more or less, or more or less quickly or often, so will the lubrication be in
quantity or suddeness of application.
For many purposes an occasional turning of the cap or plug (or vice versa of the
chamber if the plug is made stationary) suffices for most efficient lubrication, lasting
days or weeks, by means of this kind of apparatus; but automatic clockwork or
other gear may be applied for turning continuously or intermittently.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents an ordinary plummer block,
the cap A of which is fitted with the improved lubricator. It is for this purpose
formed with a screwed part or shank B, on which fits the correspondingly screwed
cup or chamber C (which contains the solid lubricant) acting by direct pressure on
the lubricant. There is a passage through the cap A and brass D. By turning the
cup C either direct by hand when formed with a milled edge or by a spanner or
key the lubricant is forced into the bearing.
Figure 2 shews an end bearing for a spindle or shaft. The bearing brass or bush
D is screwed at the outer end B, and carries the cup C for the lubricant. This
arrangement has certain advantages compared with Figure 1, as, for instance, dirt
cannot enter the bearing from the right-hand side or end; secondly, the fresh lubri-
cating material forces the old or used material out at the other end. This end
may be fitted with a joint washer, as shewn, to keep out the dust.
Figure 3 shews the Invention applied to the nut D of a press screw; C being the
cup containing the lubricant.

page_text: Figure 4 represents a lubricating arrangement for a loose pulley F; E is the
fast pulley on the same spindle G. This latter is screwed at the end, and the cup C
is screwed on it. The shaft G is formed with a central hole, which by passages f
and d communicates with the interior of the boss of F, and of the bearing of the
hanger or plummer-block D.
In Figure 5 the spindle G is fixed and stationary in the hanger or bracket D,
and the pulley F revolves on the spindle G, which is provided with a nut g having
a passage leading from the cup C to a groove in the spindle in the place where
the pulley revolves on it; h is a flat helical spring rivetted to the pulley, and the
free end of which for every revolution catches in notches in the cup C; if these be,
say, 4, 6, or 8 in number one can hear how many ¹½, 1/6, or 1/8 revolutions it is turned.
Very often a whole revolution is not required, as in the case here, where the cup C
is rather large, and thus a rather large quantity of lubricating material is pressed
out by a complete revolution.
Figure 6 shews a node of lubricating the back centre spindle of a lathe. The
hexagon on the cup is the same size as that of the nut H. To give fresh lubri-
cation the hexagon-shaped capsule I is drawn back so far as to be free of the
hexagon nut H, then turn the cup Cone or more sixth of a revolution.
Figure 7 shews the spindle of a circular saw. The cup C is hid in the strap
pulley E, and thus protected against the sawdust. Both the bearings D and D' are
lubricated from a hole through the spindle communicating by short passages with
the bearings. A similar arrangement is suitable for the thrust block of a propeller
shaft.
Figures 8 and 9 shew the same system applied to a vertical shaft that is for
the plummer block D and the step bearing D'. The latter may, if desired, be
lubricated from the side instead of from below, as here shewn, especially if a hardened
steel disc is used for the bottom of the shaft to work on when it would be incon-
venient to arrange lubrication from below.
Vertical shafts for turbines, millstones, centrifugal driers, and other quickly
revolving shafts may be efficiently lubricated in this manner.
In all cases the bearings must be closed, and so arranged that in forcing in fresh.
lubricating material the old may be forced out.
The three following Figures shew a cheap and simple mode of reversing the
system suitable for many cases.
Figure 10 shews the head of a connecting rod formed with lubricating cup fitted
with a screw plug C, which on being turned forces the consolidated lubricant into
the bearing.
Figure 11 shews an ordinary door hinge fitted with lubricating chamber and
feed plug C. Door locks may be fitted with similar lubricators for oiling without
detaching the lock.
Figure 12 shews a mode of lubricating dovetail slides or guides used in any
sort of machinery.
Figure 13 represents a carriage axle in which differently to the arrangements
described the cup C is screwed outside. There is a small hole through the cone
washer c for communication between the cup C and the axle bearing to be
lubricated.
From the foregoing it will be evident that it is immaterial whether the screw or.
the nut is turned, or whether the one or the other contains the lubricant, as it
depends on the relative change of position of the two; therefore circumstances must
decide as to which is the most convenient.
If it is not convenient to fit or provide the part to be lubricated with a screw or
screw plug the arrangement shewn in Figure 14 may often be resorted to; this is a cup.
consisting of a hollow body B fitted with a screwed shank for tightly screwing it into
the part to be lubricated, and provided with a hollow screwed cap or lid C. This
kind of lubricator may, for instance, often be applied to the boss of loose strap
pulleys and to plummer blocks.

page_text: Figure 15 represents a lubricating squirt or syringe. The body B is fastened to
a shank B2, and has a cap or lid C which slides in the capsule B¹. By placing the
front of the shank B2 in the oil hole of any part of a machine, and turning the
cap C, lubricating material or cleansing material, such as turpentine, may be applied
according to this system by direct pressure on the lubricant, and that without any
alteration in the parts to be lubricated.
Figure 16 illustrates various modes whereby all revolving or other working.
parts of a whole factory may be lubricated according to this system.
Referring, first, to the driving steam engine, it will be seen that the steam
cylinder is lubricated by lubricator 1, like Figure 14, fixed in a three-way cock
from which a pipe 2 is carried down to the piston rod gland; by turning the cock
one or the other may be lubricated.
The cross head pin is greased by a lubricator 3, and the cross head against the
guide bars by four lubricators 4; 5 is a lubricator on the crank end of the con-
necting rod; 6 is a lubricator for the crank shaft.
The vertical shaft A rests in a step bearing, which also forms the end bearing for
the shaft B; both these bearings are greased with consolidated grease by means of
one lubricator 7, the cap or cup of which is turned by hand wheel 8 on a spindle,
thus avoiding the danger and inconvenience of the ordinary mode of lubricating.
The other bearings to the shaft B have each a lubricator 9.
The fan D is also fitted with a lubricator 10, and the spindle is hollow so that
there is communication between both bearings, which are lubricated simultaneously.
The lathe E and the countershaft F are also fitted with lubricators 11, 12, 13,
and 14 in various parts where required, as will be understood from the foregoing.
Referring again to Figures 4 and 7, it is evident that several bearings can,
according to this system, be lubricated at the same time from a single lubricator;
this mode is shewn carried out with reference to the shaft C, Figure 16. There is
only one lubricator, 15, for all the bearings, and it communicates with them by a
pipe 16 and branch pipes 17. By turning the cup, lid, or plug of the one lubricator
all the bearings are greased simultaneously. The branch pipes 17 may be fitted
with a cock each to shut off or regulate the supply of lubricating material as
required.
In all the examples given here good solidified or dry lubricating material is
supposed to be used, whereby the cup or cap of the lubricator need only, to be turned
at very long intervals.
If the apparatus are to be used for fluid lubricants the cap or cup or plug may
be made fluid-tight by means of stuffing box arrangement and clockwork, or other
automatical arrangements may be applied to give mechanical feed motion to it.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 show that the moveable parts of the lubricator may if desired
be held in position by some kind of locking appliance.
When the oil chamber is empty the cap may be removed, and another cap filled
with the solid lubricant put on instead.
The cap of a lubricator may, in some cases, be formed with a V grooved pulley
for suspended endless cord or chain to be turned thereby as required.
The oil chamber is sometimes formed with a dish for catching the oil that may
be pressed out by the cap or plug.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, and .
various modes of carrying the same into effect, I declare that I claim,―
Firstly. The construction and modes of application of lubricators, substantially
as described with reference to Figures 1 to 12.
Secondly. The construction and mode of application of lubricators, substantially
as described with reference to Figure 13.
Thirdly. The construction of lubricators, substantially as described with reference
to Figures 14 and 15.
Fourthly. The application of one lubricator actuated and constructed, sub-
stantially as described with reference to the accompanying Drawings to the lubri-

page_text: cation by direct pressure of two or more parts or places by means of conduits,
passages, or pipe connections.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
PETER JENSEN. (L.S.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen, of 33, Chancery Lane, London, for the In-
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING
AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." A communication from abroad by
Bernhard Stauffer, of Cologne, Germany.
Sealed the 12th July 1878, and dated the 1st February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1878.
"
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London. IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES
OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." (A com-
munication from abroad by Bernhard Stauffer, of Cologne, Germany.)
According to this Invention the oil or other lubricant, such as grease or soap
and water, is contained in a chamber, cup, or receptacle formed with internal screw
thread, and fitted with a screwed plug fitting well therein. There is an outlet hole
or holes through the oil chamber or through the plug, and this. hole communicates
by a short neck or by a pipe of any convenient length with the part or parts to be
lubricated.
When the chamber is charged, and the plug screwed in, the lubrication
is effected by screwing the plug further in, thereby forcing the oil out through the
aforesaid hole or holes; or the plug may be stationary, and the chamber then be
screwed on to the plug. Pressure being applied the lubricating material enters the
smallest cavity, and enters efficiently between rubbing surfaces; and as the plug is
turned more or less, or more or less quickly or slowly, so will the lubrication be in
quantity or suddenness of application.
Different objects close together or far apart may be lubricated simultaneously
by pipe connections to one and the same lubricator, and the degree of lubrication
for each or any may be shut off or regulated by separate cocks or valves,

page_text: For continuous lubrication, say, of the interior or other parts of a steam cylinder,
the screwing of the lubricating plug or body is effected by clockwork, or by con-
nection with some moving part of the engine or shafting.
For some purposes the body of the lubricant may be forned with a milled edge or
with corrugations or with hexagon flats for conveniently screwing it into the
plummer block or other part to be lubricated, and the plug may be formed with a
flat part or handle.
An oil or lubricant leaving no deposit is most suitable for this kind of
-lubrication.
In some cases it may be run in in a molten state filling the lubricator, and the
pipes or passages connected therewith.
The lubricator may be formed with a fine outlet pipe as a syringe, and be held
in the hand and used for squirting the lubricant in where required, or for squirting
turpentine or other substance in for cleaning off dirty oil or grease. A large
syringe of this sort may be used for charging several small ones.
For plummer blocks, loose pulleys, door hinges, and many other objects a cavity
or oil chamber may be formed in the object itself, and this be fitted with a
screwed plug.
Sometimes it is convenient to lubricate a loose pulley by a central passage
through the spindle or stud it runs on, the latter being screwed outside, and a
cap forming the oil chamber being screwed thereon, and, if required, fitted with a
pulley which can be turned as required by a suspended endless cord.
The oil chamber is sometimes formed with a dish for catching the oil that may
be pressed out by the plug.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st August
1878.
"
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, London. IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL BOXES
OR LUBRICATORS FOR REVOLVING AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY." (A com-
munication from abroad by Bernhard Stauffer, of Cologne, Germany.)
The main object of this Invention is to construct lubricating apparatus, especially.
suitable for oils or other lubricants leaving no residue or deposit, such as consolidated
grease or powdered black lead.
In some cases the lubricant may be run in in a molten state filling the lubricator,
and the pipes or passages connected therewith, if any.
Apparatus constructed as herein-after described may, however, also be used
with other oils or other lubricants, such as grease or soap and water.
During the last few years many trials have been made with solid or con-
solidated lubricants which do not run off, but nevertheless possess excellent lubri-
cating properties; but the general successful application of them has not been
attained, because of the want of perfectly suitable lubricating apparatus whereby
the lubricant could with certainty be brought to the surface to be lubricated.
In apparatus constructed according to this Invention the solid or other lubricant
is contained in a chamber, cup, or receptacle formed with screw thread, and fitted
with a correspondingly screwed plug or cap fitting well therein or thereon. There
is an outlet hole or holes through the chamber or through the plug, and this hole
communicates by a short neck or by a pipe or pipes of any convenient length with
the part or parts to be lubricated.
When the chamber is charged, and the plug screwed in, the lubrication is effected
by screwing the plug or cap so far in or on as to force the lubricant through the
aforesaid hole or holes or pipe or pipes. Pressure being applied all according to
the consistency or property of the lubricant, the latter enters the smallest cavity,
and enters efficiently between the rubbing surfaces; and as the plug or cap is
turned more or less, or more or less quickly or often, so will the lubrication be in
quantity or suddeness of application.
For many purposes an occasional turning of the cap or plug (or vice versa of the
chamber if the plug is made stationary) suffices for most efficient lubrication, lasting
days or weeks, by means of this kind of apparatus; but automatic clockwork or
other gear may be applied for turning continuously or intermittently.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents an ordinary plummer block,
the cap A of which is fitted with the improved lubricator. It is for this purpose
formed with a screwed part or shank B, on which fits the correspondingly screwed
cup or chamber.C (which contains the solid lubricant) acting by direct pressure on
the lubricant. There is a passage through the cap A and brass D. By turning the
cup C either direct by hand when formed with a milled edge or by a spanner or
key the lubricant is forced into the bearing.
Figure 2 shews an end bearing for a spindle or shaft. The bearing brass or bush*
D is screwed at the outer end B, and carries the cup C for the lubricant. This'
arrangement has certain advantages compared with Figure 1, as, for instance, dirt
cannot enter the bearing from the right-hand side or end; secondly, the fresh lubri
cating material forces the old or used material out at the other end. This end
may be fitted with a joint washer, as shewn, to keep out the dust.
Figure 3 shews the Invention applied to the nut D of a press screw, C being the
cup containing the lubricant.
:

page_text: Figure 4 represents a lubricating arrangement for a loose pulley F; E is the
fast pulley on the same spindle G. This latter is screwed at the end, and the cup C
is screwed on it. The shaft G is formed with a central hole, which by passages f
and d communicates with the interior of the boss of F, and of the bearing of the
hanger or plummer block D.
In Figure 5. the spindle G is fixed and stationary in the hanger or bracket D,
and the pulley F revolves on the spindle G, which is provided with a nut having
a passage leading from the cup C to a groove in the spindle in the place where
the pulley revolves on it; h is a flat helical spring rivetted to the pulley, and the
free end of which for every revolution catches in notches in the cup C; if these be,
say, 4, 6, or 8 in number one can hear how many 1/4, 1/6, or 1/8 revolutions it is turned.
Very often a whole revolution is not required, as in the case here, where the cup C
is rather large, and thus a rather large quantity of lubricating material is pressed
out by a complete revolution.
Figure shews a node of lubricating the back centre spindle of a lathe. The
hexagon on the cup is the same size as that of the nut H. To give fresh lubri-
cation the hexagon-shaped capsule I is drawn back so far as to be free of the.
hexagon nut H, then turn the cup C one or more sixth of a revolution.
Figure 7 shews the spindle of a circular saw. The cup C.is bid in the strap
pulley E, and thus protected against the sawdust. Both the bearings D and D' arc
lubricated from a hole through the spindle communicating by short passages with
the bearings. A similar arrangement is suitable for the thrust block of a propeller
shaft.
Figures 8 and 9 shew the same system applied to a vertical shaft that is for
the plummer block D and the step bearing D'. The latter may, if desired, be
lubricated from the side instead of from below, as here shewn, especially if a hardened
steel disc is used for the bottom of the shaft to work on when it would be incon-
venient to arrange lubrication from below.
Vertical shafts for turbines, millstones, centrifugal driers, and other quickly
revolving shafts may be efficiently lubricated in this manner.
In all cases the bearings must be closed, and so arranged that in forcing in fresh
lubricating material the old may be forced out.
The three following Figures shew a cheap and simple mode of reversing the
system suitable for many cases.
Figure 10 shews the head of a connecting rod formed with lubricating cup fitted
with a screw plug C, which on being turned forces the consolidated lubricant into
the bearing.
Figure 11 shews an ordinary door hinge fitted with lubricating chamber and
feed plug C. Door locks may be fitted with similar lubricators for oiling without
detaching the lock.
Figure 12 shews a mode of lubricating dovetail slides or guides used in any
sort of machinery.
Figure 13 represents a carriage. axle in which differently to the arrangements
described the cup C is screwed outside. There is a small hole through the cone
washer c for communication between the cup C and the axle bearing to be
lubricated.
From the foregoing it will be evident that it is immaterial whether the screw or
the nut is turned, or whether the one or the other contains the lubricant, as it
depends on the relative change of position of the two; therefore circumstances must
decide as to which is the most convenient.
If it is not convenient to fit or provide the part to be lubricated with a screw or
screw plug the arrangement shewn in Figure 14 may often be resorted to; this is a cup
consisting of a hollow body B fitted with a screwed shank for tightly screwing it into
the part to be lubricated, and provided with a hollow screwed cap. or lid C. This
kind of lubricator may, for instance, often be applied to the boss of loose strap
pulleys and to plummer blocks.

page_text: Figure 15 represents a lubricating squirt or syringe. The body B is fastened to
a shank B², and has a cap or lid C which slides in the capsule B¹. By placing the
front of the shank B2 in the oil hole of any part of a machine, and turning the
cap C, lubricating material or cleansing material, such as turpentine, may be applied
according to this system by direct pressure on the lubricant, and that without any
alteration in the parts to be lubricated.
Figure 16 illustrates various modes whereby all revolving or other working
parts of a whole factory may be lubricated according to this system.
Referring, first, to the driving steam engine, it will be seen that the steam
cylinder is lubricated by lubricator 1, like Figure 14, fixed in a three-way cock
from which a pipe 2 is carried down to the piston rod gland; by turning the cock
one or the other may be lubricated.
The cross head pin is greased by a lubricator 3, and the cross head against the
guide bars by four lubricators 4; 5 is a lubricator on the crank end of the con-
necting rod; 6 is a lubricator for the crank shaft.
The vertical shaft A rests in a step bearing, which also forms the end bearing for
the shaft B; both these bearings are greased with consolidated grease by means of
one lubricator 7, the cap or cup of which is turned by hand wheel 8 on a spindle,
thus avoiding the danger and inconvenience of the ordinary mode of lubricating.
The other bearings to the shaft B have each a lubricator 9.
The fan D is also fitted with a lubricator 10, and the spindle is hollow so that
there is communication between both bearings, which are lubricated simultaneously.
The lathe E and the countershaft F are also fitted with lubricators 11, 12, 13,
and 14 in various parts where required, as will be understood from the foregoing.
Referring again to Figures 4 and 7, it is evident that several bearings can,
according to this system, be lubricated at the same time from a single lubricator;
this mode is shewn carried out with reference to the shaft C, Figure 16. There is
only one lubricator, 15, for all the bearings, and it communicates with them by a
pipe 16 and branch pipes 17. By turning the cup, lid, or plug of the one lubricator
all the bearings are greased simultaneously. The branch pipes 17 may be fitted
with a cock each to shut off or regulate the supply of lubricating material as
required.
In all the examples given here good solidified or dry lubricating material is
supposed to be used, whereby the cup or cap of the lubricator need only to be turned
at very long intervals.
If the apparatus are to be used for fluid lubricants the cap or cup or plug may
be made fluid-tight by means of stuffing box arrangement and clockwork, or other
automatical arrangements may be applied to give mechanical feed motion to it.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 show that the moveable parts of the lubricator may if desired
be held in position by some kind of locking appliance.
When the oil chamber is empty the cap may be removed, and another cap filled
with the solid lubricant put on instead.
The cap of a lubricator may, in some cases, be formed with a V grooved pulley
for suspended endless cord or chain to be turned thereby as required.
The oil chamber is sometimes formed with a dish for catching the oil that may
be pressed out by the cap or plug.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, and
various modes of carrying the same into effect, I declare that I claim,
Firstly. The construction and modes of application of lubricators, substantially
as described with reference to Figures 1 to 12.
Secondly. The construction and mode of application of lubricators, substantially
as described with reference to Figure 13.
Thirdly. The construction of lubricators, substantially as described with reference
to Figures 14 and 15.
Fourthly. The application of one lubricator actuated and constructed, sub-
stantially as described with reference to the accompanying Drawings to the lubri-

page_text: cation by direct pressure of two or more parts or places by means of conduits,
passages, or pipe connections.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Jensen, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
PETER JENSEN. (L.S.)