Improvements in Heating and Lighting Apparatus Using Mineral Oils..
Year: 1889

page_text: Improvements in Heating and Lighting Apparatus Using
Mineral Oils..
I, Baron THEODORE DE CALWAERT, of 21 rue Nysten, Liege, Belgium, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement—
:
This invention has for its object improvements in mineral oil stoves with round
wicks, in which the wick is extinguished at its outer surface by the action of air
'currents, and also in lighting apparatus with round wicks.
In the annexed sheet of drawings,
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a stove according to this invention with a vertical section
of the casing and chimney.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the burner.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the burner, the flame spreading disc being removed.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of the cap which serves to conduct, along the outer wick
tube, the current of air that cools the wick and extinguishes the same on its outer surface.
A is the central burner tube, B is the wick tube, C is the cap for distributing or
guiding the external air current; it is placed in contact with and upon the shoulder B
of the wick tube B, in such a manner that its upper surface.C¹ is on a level with the
upper ends of the tubes A and B.
This cap C consists of three parts fastened together: the lower piece C is perforated,
and in order to give a good direction to the current of air passing through the
perforations of C2 and to maintain the said current in continual contact with the wick
tube B, an intermediate wall or partition C³ is provided in the interior of the cap C;
this piece is at first horizontal, and ends internally in a raised edge. The upper
pięce Cends on a level with the wick tube.
Annular intervals or spaces between the two discs C3 and C¹ and the wick-tube B
afford access for the current of air towards the wick, along the latter.
The cap C ensures the wick-tube and wick being perfectly cooled and when the
latter is raised 8 to 10 millimetres above the burner, the cooling of its external surface
is so effectual that the latter can never become ignited.
The consequence is that the oil reservoir R remains at a normal temperature.
Fig. 5 illustrates a modified arrangement. The cap C is formed with an upper edge
inwardly directed at a sharp downward angle, and is quite open at the bottom, it is
placed upon pieces or projections E of the wick tube B which ensure a free passage
between this cap C and the wick tube B. The pieces or projections E have shoulders E¹
upon which the cap C rests when it is pushed home.
Fig. 8 illustrates another modification of the cap C, the burner being shewn 'in
vertical section. This cap differs from that illustrated in Figs. 1-4 in the fact that
the lower perforated portion is replaced by a cylindrical piece C2 Fig. 8 which is
soldered or otherwise secured upon the internal edge of the wall (3 and serves to fix
the cap upon pieces E of the wick-tube in a manner similar to that in the case of the
cap shown in Fig. 5.
In the two arrangements of caps C Figs. 5 and 8 a passage for air is ensured between
the cap C and the wick tube B, and the current of air passes through it and cools the
burner and the wick in a manner similar to that which obtains in the construction
shewn in Fig. 1. But in the two cases (Figs. 5 and 8) the caps C are combined with
two perforated rings F and G (Figs. 6 and 7) of the same internal diameter, arranged
one above the other at a small distance apart on the base D of the chimney (Fig. 5). "
The ring F has the same sectional area of passage as the caps C (Figs. 5 and 8).
The rings F and G ensure the proper direction and the suitable spreading out of
the flame

page_text: The outer tube of the burner is movable; it ends in a contracted portion corre-
sponding to the outer diameter of the wick; or the upper portion may be made
flaring or be contracted in a manner such as to remove the outer current of air from
or bring it towards the wick.
The chimney of the stove may be of conical, cylindrical or curved form.
The caps C illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 and Fig. 8 when provided with a gallery or
chimney holder I as shown in Fig. 9, can be employed. for lighting purposes..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said, inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
In apparatus for lighting and heating purposes with mineral oils:
1. The combination with the wick-tube B, of a cap C, the upper wall C¹ of which
is on a level with the tubes A and B of the burner, the said cap comprising a lower
perforated wall C2 an intermediate wall C³ (which is horizontal or nearly so) with
an inner raised edge, and an upper wall C¹ free annular spaces being left between the
walls C and C3 and the tube B.
2. The combination with a wick tube B of a cap C comprising a cylindrical tube,
with its inner edge inclined at an acute angle, and adapted to be fixed upon the
pieces E E projecting from. the wick tube as illustrated in Fig. 5, and the perforated
rings FG arranged one above the other on the base of the chimney.
3. The combination with a wick tube B of cap C comprising two walls C¹ and C³
similar to those referred to in claim 1, of which C3 is connected with a guiding
cylinder C as illustrated in Fig. 8, and the perforated rings Fand G arranged one
above the other on the base D of the chimney.
4. The use for lighting purposes, of the cap referred to in claim 1, in combination
with a gallery or chimney holder I, as illustrated in Fig. 9.
Dated this 1st day of Novemba 1000
Dated this 1st day
day
ber 1990.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
40, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.