IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eli Dyson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1883.
ELI DYSON, of Little Hulton near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR SPINNING
AND DOUBLING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
My improvements consist in combinations of well-known parts of spindles used
in Throstle Spinning and Doubling Frames; wherein the twisting of yarn is
performed by flyers on the spindles, or their equivalents, such as rings and
travellers in ring frames; with a loose tube projecting to the top or otherwise of
the spindle; also in an improved method of constructing the flyer, with the means
for connecting it to the top of the spindle, for the purpose of facilitating " doffing
and giving greater stability to the flyer; which I effect as follows:-
"
I employ the ordinary stationary and travelling rails, the lower one being fitted
with footsteps for the spindles to revolve in; the upper stationary rail being the
bolster rail. The spindle is constructed as usual being provided with a wharve
of suitable size, according to the speed required, and driven from the ordinary tin
cylinder, by bands or other equivalents.
On the spindle between the underside of the flyer and the top of the bolster
I place a long loose tube, provided with a wharve of suitable size; on this tube
I place the bobbin to receive the yarn, as it is delivered from the rollers, down
and through the curl on the flyer. The object obtained by this arrangement is
increased speed, or what is termed double or, increased twist, being performed by
the action of two wharves of varying diameters or otherwise, the speed varying
according to the ratio between the sizes of the wharves.
The travelling or lifting rail is placed above the top stationary rail, and carries
the bobbins, giving the up and down motion in the ordinary way. The bobbins
sit on the travelling rail or on a raised outer edge of a circular flange about the
diameter of the bottom of the bobbin, and revolves round, and slides up and
down the long loose tube, the bobbins being bushed with bushes of sufficient width
to give the requisite friction required for the drag, according to the counts being
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page_text: spun. It is not necessary for the bobbins to be bushed, they can be made with a
straight hole through; the friction being regulated by the amount of clearance on
the long loose tube.
When I use my improved combination of spindle and long loose tube in
connection with ring frames, I dispense with the flyer; the spindle being made
plain at the top. The long loose tube is placed over the spindle as before
described, the top end being made solid, and provided with a dished top,
and a small oil hole, for the purpose of lubricating the inside of tube and
spindle.
$
The bottom end of the long loose tube is provided with a wharve of varying
diameter or otherwise to that on the centre spindle, round and on which it revolves,
according to the speed required, both being driven by the usual means, from the
ordinary.tin cylinder or their equivalents. The bobbin sits on a braid, or in a
bell-mouthed cup or other suitable equivalents, provided on the wharve on which
it revolves.
My improved combinations can be applied to any ordinary Spinning or Doubling
Frame, which will give a greater speed, with a corresponding increase in the
production, and a better class of yarn.
The second part of my invention relates to an improved method of
constructing the flyer, with the means for connecting it to the top of the
spindle, for the purpose of facilitating "doffing"; and giving greater stability to
the flyer.
Under the present system of constructing flyers, the curls are made to project
sideways, being of irregular form, causing the same to form a kind of vane,
producing a draft or wind, with its determental effect of "fluffing" the yarn, as well
as being out of balance.
To overcome these defects, I construct the curls on the bottom of the flyer-legs,
in a complete curl as usual, the centre of which is exactly in the centre of the
flyer leg from which it is carried; no part of the curl, extending laterally beyond
the thickness of the leg itself. I also make or block the curls concavo-convex,
that is to say, concave on the inside of the curl, and convex on the outside of
same, both being to the internal and external diameters of the circles described by
the flyer, thus forming a complete circle, which has the effect of balancing the
motion of the flyers, and considerably reducing the windage on the flyers, thus
reducing the centrifugal force of the same, with its resultant effects on the spindle ;
at the same time allowing a larger bobbin in diameter to be used in the same
space, being equal to an increased number of spindles in a frame.
-
The top end of the spindle, for receiving the flyer under the present system
is provided. with a small single screw, and a narrow sit or let on for the
underside of the neck of the flyer, which is found to be very unstable, allowing
the flyer to wobble and come loose.
In my improvements I provide the whole length of the top of the spindle for
receiving the flyer, with two, three or more complete threads, which has the effect
of securely fastening the flyer, at the same time being quick in action, owing to
the angle of the threads, thus allowing of its speedy removal in case of "doffing,"
which is very essential, as it means both time and money. To ensure equal speed
in replacing the flyer, the end of the spindle projecting above the screw part, it is
made plain, of exactly the diameter of the bottom of the threads, or the inside of
the head of the flyer, thus as soon as the flyer is dropped on, it sits correctly for
screwing on.at once.
The novelty of my invention is the long loose tube, driven with a wharve from
the ordinary tin cylinders, in excess of the speed of the ordinary spindle, round
and on which it revolves, thus producing greater steadiness in the motion of the
spindle; and increase in the speed, owing to the two-motions which may be
applied, and result in a corresponding increase in the production. The spindle
blade is entirely encased in the long loose tube, and both revolving, it cannot wear

page_text: flat, which is a well-known detriment caused by moving stationary or non-revolving
bolsters.
Another feature is the increased facilities for doffing," with the improved
method of forming the curls of the flyers, allowing the increased diameter of the
bobbin, which is of great importance, as it is a well-known fact, that the best part
of spinning is always on the finish of the bobbin, thus securing the extra length
of yarn on each bobbin, with fewer piecings, both in the Spinning, and all the
processes that follow, such as, Reeling, Winding, Warping and Weaving.