IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND RIVETTING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Deering and John Dewar Morrison, of
Gateshead, in the County of Durham, Engineers, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND RIVETTING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Deering and John
Dewar Morrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th
August 1880.
FREDERICK DEERING and JOHN DEWAR MORRISON, of Gateshead, in the
County of Durham, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND RIVETTING
MACHINES."
This Invention relates to an improved form of punching and rivetting machine
specially adapted to portable machines actuated by water or by steam pressure,
whereby direct and perfectly parallel force is transmitted to the punch or rivetting
die," and further relates to appliances whereby the punching or rivetting machine
may be adapted to work in such places as have hitherto been practically
inaccessible, and whereby it may be moved with facility from one working point
to another.
"
To effect these objects we attach the ram or piston of the machine by a tension
bar or bars to a cross head by a rigid connection. One end of this cross-head carries
the punch (in the case of a punching machine), or the "die" in a rivetting machine,
and the other end of the cross-head is guided by a strong bar, either fixed in one
end of the stationary cross head (forming part of the structure of the machine, the
other end of which carries the punching "die or the rivetting" hobby," as the case
may be), or fixed in the moving cross-head and sliding through a boss on stationary
cross-head. Coiled round this guide bar is a strong spring which is compressed in
the act of punching or rivetting, and serves to open the jaw of the machine when
the operation is completed, such opening being assisted or not by the pressure being
reversed on the ram or piston.
In order to facilitate the removal of the machine from one working point to
another, we construct the end of the crosshead which carries the punch (in the case
of a punching machine), or the "die" (in a rivetting machine), in such a form that
Duins G11

page_text: the punch or "die" can be withdrawn entirely out of the crosshead. The way in
which we prefer to effect this is by forming in the end boss of the crosshead a slot
into which a steel tongue or key slides, which takes the thrust of the butt end of
the punch or "die" in the act of punching a hole or closing a rivet. When it is
desired to move the machine to another point over any intervening obstacle (such
as an angle iron or stiffening plate), the steel key is driven out and the punch or
die may then be drawn back entirely clear, leaving a wide open jaw which will
clear the obstacle, and the punch or die being replaced the key is driven in, and
the machine is again ready for work.
To facilitate the application of the machine for rivetting in cramped places (such
as corners or where working close up to the web of angle or "tie" irons), we
propose to make the rivetting die square or octagon in section, so that one of the
flat sides will work close to the web, and that there shall still be sufficient material
round the sunk cup in the "die." The hole in end of crosshead will be made of the
same shape, so that the die will slide freely through it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederick Deering and John Dewar Morrison in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 26th February 1881.
FREDERICK DEERING and JOHN DEWAR MORRISON, of Gateshead, in the
County of Durham, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUNCHING AND RIVETTING
MACHINES."
Our Invention relates to an improved form of punching and rivetting machine
specially adapted to portable machines actuated by water or by steam pressure,
whereby direct and perfectly parallel force is transmitted to the punch or rivetting
die, and further relates to appliances whereby the punching or rivetting machine
may be adapted to work in such places as have hitherto been practically
inaccessible, and whereby it may be moved with facility from one working point to
another.
To effect these objects we attach the ram or piston of the machine by a tension
bar or bars to a cross-head by a rigid connection. One end of this crosshead carries
the punch (in the case of a punching machine), or the die (in a rivetting machine),
and the other end of the crosshead is guided by a strong bar, either fixed in one
end of the stationary crosshead forming part of the structure of the machine, the
other end of which carries the punching die (or the rivetting "hobby,” as the case
may be), or fixed in the moving crosshead, and sliding through a boss on stationary
crosshead. Coiled round this guide bar is a strong spring which is compressed in
the act of punching or rivetting, and serves to open the jaw of the machine when
the operation is completed, such opening being assisted or not by the pressure being
reversed on the ram or piston.
In order to facilitate the removal of the machine from one working point to
another, we construct the end of the crosshead which carries the punch (in the case
of a punching machine), or the die (in a rivetting machine), in such a form that the
punch or die can be withdrawn entirely out of the crosshead. The way in which
we prefer to effect this, is by forming in the end boss of the crosshead a slot into
which a steel tongue or key slides which takes the thrust of the butt end of the
punch or die in the act of punching a hole or closing a rivet. When it is desired to
remove the machine to another point over any intervening obstacle (such as an
angle iron or stiffening plate), the steel key is driven out, and the punch or die may.
then be drawn back entirely, leaving a wide open jaw which will clear the obstacle,
and the punch or die being replaced the key is driven in, and the machine is again
ready for work.
To facilitate the application of the machine for rivetting in confined spaces (such
as corners or where working close up to the web of angle or "tee" irons), we propose
to make the rivetting die square or octagon in section, so that one of the flat sides
will work close to the web, and that there shall still be sufficient material round
the sunk cup in the die. The hole in the end of crosshead will be made of the
same shape, so that the die will slide truly through it.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the form in which we propose to construct

page_text: upon its shouldered part a crosshead E. The ram C has an annular space round it
except at its lower end where it fits the interior of cylinder A by means of cup
leathers secured by a "junk" ring; the annular space is for the purpose of using the
pressure of the water to bring the ram back ready for another stroke. F, F, are
two side rods keyed into the crosshead E and passing through guides formed at
sides of cylinder A to the moving crosshead G, into which they are firmly and
rigidly fixed. The frame B carries at the end of its longer arm the punching die
or (as shewn) the rivetting "hobby" H, which is fixed in position by the key K,
and the other or shorter arm of the frame B forms a guide in which the guide.
rod L fixed in the shorter arm of moving crosshead G slides. The longer arm of the
moving crosshead G carries the punch or (as shewn in this case) the rivetting
die M. which is fixed in position by the key N. Round the guide rod L is coiled a
spring S bearing at one end upon the fixed crosshead B, and at the other end
against a nut T moveable upon a screw cut on the guide rod L, and by which the
compression of the spring is regulated. This spring serves the double purpose of
partially compensating the strain on the outer arm of the moving crosshead, and
of bringing back the ram for another stroke when this is not otherwise effected.
The limiting of the stroke of the ram may be effected by nuts adjustable upon
the two side rods F, F. The space between the ends of the punch and punching die
or (as shewn in this case) the "hobby" H, and the rivetting cup or die M can be
altered to suit the work in hand by withdrawing the keys K and N, and fixing
them again through another slot or key bed in H and M. Or when any obstacle
presents itself in course of the work, which the opening beween the ends of H
and M is not sufficient to clear, the keys can be drawn out, the tools H and M
withdrawn, and the machine moved clear of the obstacle, when they can be
restored to their position and again secured by the keys, when the work can be
resumed without any disturbance of the crossheads or other portion of the machine.
Having now described our Invention and the manner in which it may be
carried out in practical working, we would have it understood that we do not bind
ourselves by the precise details of construction. We now proceed to state that
what we claim as novel, and therefore secured to us by Letters Patent is,
Firstly. The combination of parts constituting the improved punching and
rivetting machine, constructed, arranged, and operating as described and shewn.
Second. In portable punching or rivetting machines worked by steam or
hydraulic pressure, causing the punching or rivetting tool to travel in a parallel
line with the axis of the hole or rivet by the use of a crosshead carrying the tool
rigidly attached to a rod or rods connected to a ram or piston, substantially as
described and shewn.
Third. In punching or rivetting machines, constructing the punching or rivetting
tools, or either of them, and securing them so that they can be adjusted to suit the
work or withdrawn when necessary without disconnecting the other working parts,
substantially as described and shewn.
In witness whereof, we, the said Frederick Deering and John Dewar
Morrison, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty-one.
FRED. DEERING.
(L.S)
JOHN DEWAR MORRISON. (L.S.)