Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Use in the Dyeing or Colouring, Impregnation, and like Treatment of Paper.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 31st Mar., 1900
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Use in the Dyeing or
Colouring, Impregnation, and like Treatment of Paper.
I, LUDWIG HOLUB, Manufacturer, of Freiheit, Bohemia, Austria, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In the manufacture of coloured, impregnated or like papers, the treatment takes
place usually either in the rag engine or on special expensive machines. The
present invention is intended to render such operation unnecessary by allowing the
paper to be treated either on the paper machine itself, or, when this is not
possible or desirable, after that process. The invention can be carried out in three
different cases:―
1. On the wet paper, i.e., on the first and second wet cylinders.
2. On the dry cylinders, i.e., when the paper is almost dry, and
3. On the finished paper.
The apparatus to be used in the first case is represented in the accompanying
drawings, in which
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section,
Figure 2 a side view, and
Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 detail views.
Figure 7 is a modification.
The apparatus consists essentially of two pressure cylinders a b (Figures 1 and 2)
between which is guided the paper c on an endless, adjustable felt band d. The
upper cylinder a is provided with two scrapers or blades e and f pivotted about
horizontal axes, of which scrapers, one (f) is so mounted, say on a horizontal
axis and provided with a counterweight tending to press its lower edge. against
the cylinder that it will not allow any liquid to pass between it and the
cylinder, while the other pivotted scraper (e) can be quickly and easily adjusted
in position by means of screws (9) or counterweights, springs or the like.
The colouring or other liquid is arranged between these scrapers which are
provided at the ends of the cylinders with closed sides, which liquid passes
between the adjusted scraper e, and the cylinder a on to the paper beneath.
As seen in Figures 5 and 6 the ends of the receptacle are closed by placing
rag, cellulose, paper stuff or like packing s in the space between the ends of the
scrapers, or the closing may be effected by means of tightly closing metal sheets r.
In some cases both methods may simultaneously be employed as in Figure G.
As a rule the scrapers (e and f) are provided with a blade t of steel, brass, or
hard rubber which presses against the cylinder over its entire length.
This method of supplying the dye, etc., not only renders the transfer of colour-
ing matter easy, but has also the advantage that the surface of the paper does
not peel, and the colour is taken up evenly and with ease.

page_text: .
The liquid is stored up, for the purpose of obtaining a more uniform solution,
in a mixing vessel i placed at a level higher than that of the apparatus, from
which reservoir the liquid passes through a pipe k, provided with a cock / to
the top of the cylinder between the scrapers, a float valve j regulating the quantity
and pressure of the liquid supply.
The introduction of the liquid between the scrapers is obtained by means of a
tube or tubes m, which discharge the liquid either from both ends, Figures 1, 2
and 3, or over the whole surface through small perforations or in sprays or
the like.
•
According to this invention the paper is afterwards passed through the drying
apparatus constructed in well-known manner.
In case this device cannot be applied to the wet-press of a paper machine, owing
to some local or structural reason, it may be adapted, for instance to the dry
cylinder of the paper machine.
The arrangement of the device in this case is as follows.
1) In the same manner as in the case of the wet-press, i.e. by means of short
felt band and scrapers.
2) When the paper is fed in from above by means of three cylinders as repre-
sented in Figure 7. The latter serve the purpose of keeping the track of the paper
in the direction of the movement of the cylinders, the scrapers being arranged in
such case on the uppermost cylinder, for the purpose of enabling the latter to
apply liquid to the paper passing between the uppermost and middle cylinder:
for if the liquid were applied to the hot cylinder, it would evaporate, in conse-
quence of which the paper would not be coloured and, altogether the required
effect would not be obtained.
The scraper device between which the liquid is retained is arranged on the
upper cylinder as described in the first case. If it is intended to pass the paper
as a finished article through one of these operations (case 3) then a press is
required, as represented in Figure 6. In this press also the scraper device is
arranged as in the two cases previously described.
From the above description it will be seen that by introducing the adjustable
liquid feed device the apparatus may be adapted to any paper machine or
auxiliary machine. In the rag engine the question of water is of great importance,
which is not the case in the present invention, inasmuch as the water of the
corresponding working machines runs off always in a clear and pure state owing to
which fact the present invention will be welcome wherever the question of water
is to be considered, or is of great importance.
Another advantage of this invention consists in its great simplicity as com-
pared with the apparatus hitherto in use, in consequence of which the transport
of the paper rolls from one machine to another the unloading of the rolls
and the many other incidental operations, as well as the waste produced thereby
are avoided; while a well finished article, ready for the market, is obtained
by this invention.
Another advantage of the present invention consists in the fact that the paper
so dyed is absolutely smooth, owing to the fibres all being forced to take up
the same quantity of colour, a condition which cannot be obtained by the old
operation in the rag engine, owing to the different quality of the fibres and
owing to the different degree of capillarity, .e., power of absorption. Treated
according to this invention, the fibres can only absorb an amount, according to
the uniform distribution, they are allowed to absorb. Owing to this simple
arrangement, which can be applied without difficulty or loss of time to any
of the existing paper machines, the manufacturer is in a position to carry out
even the smallest orders, sometimes not exceeding a quarter of a roll, thus
economising the surplus quantity which if the treatment were made in a rag
engine would represent so much loss. The drying of paper treated by means of
this apparatus is very easy, and shading of the colours can be effected with great
exactness by a more or less concentrated liquid, which is proportionately used.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. Apparatus for dyeing, impregnation and the like treatment of paper in a
wet, semi-wet or dry state comprising two scrapers or blades provided with closed
sides, and revolvably arranged on horizontal axes, above the pressure cylinder of a
paper machine, between which blades suitably prepared liquid is supplied from
a receptacle one of the blades being adjustable relatively to the cylinder in orde
to allow the necessary quantity of liquid to pass while the other allows no
liquid whatever to pass substantially as described.
2. The complete apparatus for use in supplying liquid to a colouring or other
cylinder in a paper machine substantially as described or illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of October 1899
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,
Agents for the Applicant.