Year: 1887

page_text: 1, LUCIEN STEPHEN CRANDALL, of 63 Elm Street, Cortland, Now York, United
States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say:-
My said Invention comprises various improvements in the construction and
combination of the parts of type writers of the kinds in which the letters or
marks are all impressed at one point upon paper which is shifted step by step
to receive the successive impressions. In carrying out my Invention I employ
a novel combination by means of which a comparatively small key board can be
used with a large number of types, a novel form of type bar, a novel means
of exposing to view the impression or writing, novel means of holding and
feeding the paper, novel escapement for the paper carriage, a novel inking device,
novel line-spacing devices, a novel device for operating the warning bell, and several
auxiliary dovices all hereinafter particularly described.
On four accompanying sheets of explanatory drawings there is shown a type writer
as made with my improvements. Figure, 1, sheet, 1, is a plan of the instrument with
the paper carriage removed, and figure, 2, sheet, 2, is a horizonial section. Figure, 9,
on sheet, 3, is a vertical section parallel with the sides of tho casing, and figure, 10,
sheet, 4, is a plan of the paper carriage, figuro, 11, being a corresponding transverse
vertical section. The other figures represent various details and will be hereinafter
specially referred to. In these drawings the same reference letters and numeralsıro
used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The sole or bottom plate, a, of my improved type writer has formed on or fixed in
it a number of vertical studs, a 1, the upper ends of which are slotted to receive the
key levers, b, and each key lever is pivoted to its stud by a transverse pin. The key
lovers, b, are of various lengths and are arranged so that their rear ends are in a circle
whilst their front ends are connected to koys or finger buttons, c, which are disposed
in three rows at the front of the instrument. The pivot studs, a 1, are placed so as
to divide the various lengths of key lovers all in about the same proportion, so that
the rear ends of the key levers all rise equally with equal depressions of the keys, c.
The keys, c, are fixed on the upper ends of vertical pegs, c1, which pass through
guide holes in a part of the casing, d, and a lower plate, d 1, and which are slotted at

page_text: their lower ends to sit loosely astride of the front ends of the key levers, b. The
upper guide holes are smaller than the lower ones and the upper parts of the pegs, c1,
are of reduced diameter and thus have shoulders which prevent them from being
jerked up too high. Each key lever, b, has a small disk or button, b1, fixed at its
rear end upon a short vertical stem formed on the end of the lever, and the weight in
or acting on each key lever is disposed so as to turn the rear ond down and the front
end up, and so that springs are not required to raise the keys, c, after being
depressed.
'
Over the after part of the casing, d, there is fixed a cap plate, e, which is made with
a central part peculiarly formed and made with radial slots. In figure, 9, the section
is shown as taken through two of the radial slots, whilst figuro, 7, is a half section
more clearly showing the form of the central part of the cap plate, e, prior to its being.
slotted. There is a central holo encircled by a flat annular part, the outer part of
which joins a conical part, e 1. The conical part, e 1, dips, and at its outer part returns
to the top level, its outer part combining with a downwardly projecting circnlar rib, e 2,
to form an annular groove on the under side of the cap plate. The radial slots pass
through the conical part, e 1, and rib, e 2, and the typo bars, f, aro placed in the radial
slots and are centered or pivoted loosely upon a wire ring, e 3, which is placed in the
groove within the rib, e2, being fixed by screws (not shown) passed through
the rib.
The type bars, f, aro formed of spring metal of a thickness to work freely in the
radial guide slots but without unnecessary play, and are of the shape shown in edgo
and side view in figures, 3, and 4. The radial guide slots extend inwards to within
about three quarters of an inch of the centre or common printing point, so that if the
parts are accurately made the successivo impressions should take place without
appreciable deviation, and very good alignment in the type writing produced should
be attained. Radial guiding slots for the same purpose are not now but their opera-
tion is rendered more perfect and satisfactory by the improved form and arrangement
which I have adopted. Each typo bar, f, is of a length and forın such as to deliver
its impression upwards through the central hole in the cap plate, in the position in
which one type bar is shown in full lines in figure, 9. The type bars are made of
spring metal so that in the event of two of them being accidentally brought up
together they will not become permanently bent by bearing on each other but will
yield and afterwards spring back to their normal straightness. The type-carrying
-end of each type har, f, is made of a horn-like form with the part from which the
printing part of the type-projects-of-a-certain breadth, which breadth in the case of a
rising type bar combined with the horn-like form in the case of a descending type
bar, provents a descending type bar from encountering and injuring the printing face
of a rising typo bar in the event of one type bar being raised before another one has
descended out of the way, as will be understood on comparing the raised type bar
shown in full lines in figure, 9, with the partly raised type bar shown in dotted linės
in the same figure. To further guide each type bar, f, and to prevent it from rocking
I form a spur at its outer end this spur being about at right angles to the main arm
of the bar and working in the part of the radial guiding slot which is cut through the
rib, e 2.
Between the typo bars, f, and the koy levers, b, there are a number of vertical push
pins, g, arranged in a circular series, and guided by what I terin a reel, g 1, which is
made with upper and lower rings having guide holes in them for the push pins, g.
The upper and lower rings of the reel, g 1, are connected by rods at convenient points,
and the lower ring is made with spoke arms and a contral boss bored to turn about a
vertical stud, g 2, fixed in the sole plate, a. There are three times as many typo
bars, f, as there are push pins, g, or key levers, b, so that when the reel, g 1, is in one
position, for example, in the position in which the push pins are directly over the
centres of the disks, 61, on the key levers, only every third one of the type bars can
be acted on. The key lever disks, 61, are large enough to allow of the push pins, g,
being lifted by them although shifted to one side or the other to the angular extent of
one type bar; and such shift is effected when required by turning the reel to one side

page_text: or the other of its middle position the, reel then carrying the push pins, g, round so as
to get under type bars, f, next to those acted on by the push pins when in their middle
position. The type bars, f, corresponding to the middle positions of the push pins, g,
are those for printing small or "lower-caso" letters, and the shifting of the push pins
to one side brings the capital type bars, into action, whilst numerals and other marks
are printed by the type bars brought into action by shifting the push pins to the other
side. Thus with 28 keys as shown in figure, 1, 84 typo bars can be used. The
shifting of the reel, g 1, and with it, of the push pins, 9, is effected by means of a
spring metal arm, 9 3, fixed to the reel and extending through a slot in a plate, 94,
which is shown in front elevation in figure, 5. The slot in the plate, g 4, is made with
the middle part of its upper edge a little lower than the side parts, and as the arm, g 3,
tends to spring upwards it catches in the higher part of the slot when pushed to either
sido. At the same time the reel, g 1, has imparted to it a strong tendency to return
to the middle position by a pair of blado springs, g 5, fixed to the sole plate, a, and
arranged to bear on opposite sides of a stud, 96, formed on the bottom of the reel, g 1.
With this arrangement if the operator wants to print one or more capital letters he
pushes the spring arm, g 3, to ono side or the other in the slot of the plate, g 4, and
when he wants to return to lower-case letters he depresses the spring arm, 7 3, so as
to disengage it from the higher parts of the slot, whereupon one of the springs, g 5,
moves the reel, g1, back to its middle position. Figure, 6, is a diagram showing a
bit of the reel, g1, two push pins, g, and two key-lever disks, 6 1. Dotted straight
lines show the positions of three adjacent type bars, f, and small dotted circles show
the three different positions in which the push pins can be placed. A flanged
disk, g 7, is fixed within the reel, y 1, on the top of the stud, 92, and serves as a guard
to the type bars, f, when hanging downwards. The push pins, g, are made with
enlarged heads which limit their descent and which present good surfaces for acting
on the under edges of the type bars, f, the said edges being of an inclined form such
that the push pins act nearer the fulcra as they rise and impart smartness to the latter
part of the upward movement of the typo bars.
It will be obvious that my mode of combining type bars and key levers with
intermediate shiftable push pins may be applied so as to allow of a set of keys
controlling more than three times the number of type bars if desired.
The paper which receives the type writing is held against and moved by a platen, k,
which is in the form of a roller (as in many type writers) and which is held in a
carriage, h, consisting of an open frame fitted with small wheels, h1, h2, arranged to
run on two rails, h 3, fixed on the cap plate, e, of the main casing. The wheels, 1,
on one side are grooved to partly embrace the rail and prevent lateral displacement
but the wheels, 2, on the other side are cylindrical so as to avoid any binding
action between the carriage and the two rails. The carriage is prevented from
rising off the rails, h 3, when any part of it is over the centre of the cap plate, e,
by an overhanging ledge, j6, formed on a casting, j1, at the back, and at the
front by two overhanging projections, 9, formed on what is hereinafter termed
the escapement frame, 2. The carriage, h, is drawn to the left by a cord, 4, attached
to a horizontal pulley, 5, placed in a shallow recess at the left-hand end of the cap
plate, e, and acted on by a volute spring. The movement of the carriage, h, is controlled
by studs, h 6, upon a rail fixed to its front side, these studs engaging in a helical
groove in a small barrel, i, which is carried in bearings in a small frame hereinafter
termed the escapement frame, i 2, fixed upon the front middle part of the cap plate, e.
Fixed at one end of the escapement barrel, i, there is a small ratchet wheel, 13, having
teeth the pitch of which corresponds with the distance to be moved by the paper
between each impression and the next. The barrel, i, tends to turn by the pressure
of the carriage studs, 6, its helical groove being of an angle which whilst allowing
of the barrel being turned by the stud or studs which happen to be in the helical
groove, at the same time, moderates the action and prevents the carriage from moving
abruptly and noisily. Two spring pawl tongues, 4, 5, fixed to the escapement
frame, 2, engage with the ratchet wheel, i 3, to prevent it from turning except at the
proper times, and under these tongues there is fitted in the escapement frame, a small

page_text: -
rocking shaft, i 6, having on it two cam surfaces to act on the tongues. The rocking
shaft, 76, is moved by a lover, i 7, formed or fixed on it and connected by a rod, i 8,
which is drawn down every time a key is depressed as hereinafter explained. One of
the tongues, i 4, is slightly longer than the other, and when by the depression of a
key the lever, 7, is pulled down the cam surfaces on the rocking shaft, i 6, raise the
longer tongue, i4, and lower the shorter oue, 5. The tooth of the ratchet wheel, i 3,
which was bearing against the end-of the longer tongue, i4, escapes under that
tongue but is stopped by the shorter tongue, i 5, the carriage moving an extremely
small distance in consequence of that action. As soon as the depressed key is released
the lever, 7, and rocking shaft, i 6, return by the action of a spring, the cam surfaces
raise the shorter tongue, i5, and lower the longer tongue, i 4, and the ratchet
wheel, i3, turns until its next tooth comes against the end of the longer tongue. In
way the shift of the paper for each letter or impression is effected after the
impression has been made, excepting the small preliminary movement involved in the
transferenco of the ratchet tooth from one tongue, i4, to the other, 5, which
transference is required for the escapement action whereby the passage of more than
one tooth for each stroke is prevented.
this.
At the middle of the front row of keys, c, there is a spacing key, c 2, which does
ntact on any type bar, but is used for making the paper move one or more steps
w thout an impression being made. This spacing key, c 2, is broader than tho
character keys and is fixed to two of the pegs, c 1, and these bear upon the front ends
of two levers, 63, which are pivoted on two of the studs, a 1, and are connected at
their rear ends by a plate, e4, acted on by a spring, c5, for raising the spacing
key, c 2, after each depression. The spacing-key levers, 63, act on a bail or bar, c 6,
which is fixed to arms, c 7, on a rocking shaft, e 8, and which extends from side to side
of the instrument under all the key levers, b, so as to be depressed whenever any key
is depressed. The bail, c 6, is pressed upwards by a blade spring, c9, fixed to the sole
-plate, a, and has jointed to it the lower end of the rod, i 8, which actuates the lever, i 7,
and escapement rocking shaft, i 6.
When the paper carriage, h, gets near the left-hand end of its travel a warning
bell, is struck to let the operator know that there is space left at the end of the-line
for only a few more letters. This bell, j, is rigidly fixed by its centre, to a-small-
"casting, 1, fixed on the cap plate, e, at its rear middle part. The casting, 1, is made
with guide holes for a horizontal wire, j 2, which has its front end bent at right angles,
and which has on it a clapper, j3, for striking the bell, j, the clapper being movable
betweon collars fixed on the wire. A helical spring, 4, is placed on the wire, j 2,
with its back end fixed to the casting, 1, and its front end to the wire, the spring
being arranged to act torsionally as well as by compression. For acting on the bell
an inclined rib, j5, is fixed at the back of the carriage, h, in a position to gradually
push back the wire, j2, as the carriage moves to the left, thereby moving the
clapper, 3, inwards and compressing the spring, j4. On the higher end of the
inclined rib, j, passing the wire, j2, the spring, j4, reacts and causes the clapper, j3,
to strike the bell, j. When the carriage, h, is moved to the right, the end of the
inclined rib, j5, turns down the bent end of the wire, j2, and passes on without
causing the bell to be struck; and the bent end of the wiro recovers its upright
position by the torsional reaction of the spring, j4, after the rib, j5, has passed, a
stop projection on the ledge, j6, of the casting, j 1, preventing the wire end from
being turned beyond the vertical position by the spring.
The paper carriage, h, can be moved by hand towards the right whenever required,
the escapement ratchet wheel, i 3, turning easily in the backward direction under the
pawl tongue, i4, with only a slight clicking or chattering. When, however, it is
desired to move the carriage to the left over a space equal to several letters, the front
end of a bent finger lever, p, fitted on the escapement frame, i 2, is depressed, and
this lever by means of a pin, p 1, fixed to one side of it, lifts the detaining pawl
tongue, i4, to allow of the necessary movement. The finger lever, p, has its inner
end shaped like an index point to show on a graduated scale, 7, fixed on the
carriage, h, the relative position of the carriage and paper, and to facilitate the placing

page_text: त
of the carriage at a position corresponding to whatever part of the paper it is desired
to print on, for the commencement of a paragraph, or address, or signature, or for any
other purpose. A helical spring, p 2, is fixed under the finger lever, p, to raiso it
whenever the finger is taken off it. On the graduated scale, 7, there is fitted in a
groove an adjustable stop, h 8, which is secured in any position by a pinching screw
and which encounters the finger lover, p, when the carriage is moved to the right in
order to being a fresh line, and this stop, h 8, thus deterinines the length of line or
the position for the beginnings of the lines when not "indented." Another stop, h 9,
is permanently fixed at the other end of the graduated scalo, 7, to stop the movement
of the carriage to the left, which it does by encountering the finger lover, p, unless
this lever is specially moved to lift its inner end and then the carriage can be moved
further to the left to uncover the radially grooved part of the cap plate, c. A curved
plate, w, is fixed to and extends down from the carriage, h, to guide the paper and
make it turn up and, over backwards as it is gradually brought round by the platen or
roller, k, as the type writing proceeds.
The platen, k, is a cylinder of wood or other suitable material sheathed with
vulcanised rubber or other suitable material, and fixed on a shaft or axle, k 1, which.
extends beyond the ends of the cylinder and beyond bearings, k 2, in which it is
carried loosely upon the carriage, h. On the left-hand end of the platen shaft, k 1,
there is fixed a knob, k 3, made with a milled or roughened circumference, and by
means of this knob the platen, &, can be turned by hand in either direction or to any
desired extent. At the right-hand end of the platen shaft, k1, there is a similar
knob, k4, but fitted loosely on the shaft, and an inside face view of it is given in
figure, 14. This knob, 4, is partly hollowed and has pivoted within it a pawl, k 5,
arranged to engage with a fine-toothed ratchet wheel, k 6, fixed on
the platen
shaft, 1. A pin, 7, fixed to the carriage, h, projects into the hollow part of the
knob, 4, and a spring having one end fixed to the pin and the other end to an
opposite part of the knob tends to turn the knob in the direction of the arrow, and in
doing so to bring the heel of the pawl, k 5, into contact with the pin, k 7. The heel
of tho pawl, k5 is shaped so that when thus brought into contact with the pin, k 7,
the point of the pawl is moved just out of gear from the ratchet wheel, k6; but a
second spring fitted to bear on the pawl makes it go into gear as soon as it is moved
away from the pin, 7. In order to shift the paper for a new line the knob, k 4, is
turned in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow, and when it is so
turned the pawl, 5, immediately engages with the ratchet wheel, 6, and the platen
shaft, 1, is thereby turned. Equal spacing between the lines is attained by means
of a stop which is adjustable for different spacings, this stop being a small plate, k8,
which is centered on the platen shaft, k1, and is provided with a pin projecting
through a slot in the web of the knob, 4, and has its end screwed to receive a
pinching cap nut, & 9. This stop, 8, encounters the fixed pin, k7, and thus limits
the extent to which the knob, 4, can be turned; and when the knob is let go the
spring connecting it to the pin, k7, turns it back in the direction of the arrow and
by bringing the heel of the pawl, k 5, against the pin, takes the pawl out of gear so
as not to interfere with the turning of the platen by means of the other knob, k 3.
Behind the platen, k, there is fixed to the carriage, h, a curved metal apron, m, for
guiding the paper down under and into contact with the platen, k, and with this fixed
rigid apron I combine an extensible flexible apron, m 1, consisting of a number of
tapes which have their outer ends wound upon a roller, m 2, mounted at the back of
the rigid apron, m, upon the carriage, h. This roller, m 2, is loose on its spindle,
which is fixed, and it is made hollow to receive a long helical spring having one end
fixed to the roller and the other end fixed to the spindle in a manner to make the roller
tend to wind up on it the apron tapes, m 1. These apron tapes, m 1, pass through
slots made in the lower edge of the rigid apron, m, and have their outer ends fixed to
a clamping plate, m 3, of thin metal. This clamping plate, m 3, which extends from
end to end of the platen, k, is made with a depression or channel along its middle in
which there is placed a small antifriction roller, m 4, centered at its ends on pins fixed
at the ends of the clamping plate, m 3, whilst the clamping plate, m 3, has itself pins

page_text: projecting from its ends into slots formed in the lower parts of two segment a
plates, in 5, centered loosely on the platen shaft, 1. The clamping plate, m 3, i
supported and borno upwards by two slightly curved or arched spring wires which
are soldered to the middle of its underside and extend along it and have their ends
entered into holes provided for them in the segmental plates, m 5. The front edge or
lip of the clamping plate, m 3, which edge is made smooth and straight, bears as well
as the antifriction roller, in 4, up against the underside of the platen, k, and holds the
paper close to the platen, whilst allowing the platen to carry the paper round when
turned for lining spacing or other purposes. The clamping plate, m 3, can yield away
a little from the platen to admit two or more plies of paper when it is wished to obtain
two or more copies simultaneously by means of carbonised or similar paper.
The improved paper clamping devico which I have described is specially designed to
admit of the type writing being exposed to view without turning up the carriage, h.
This important action of my improved type writer is effected by means of the
segmental plates, m 5, described as carrying the clamping plate, m 3, these segmental
plates being toothed to gear with similarly toothed segmental plates, n, fixed on a
rocking shaft, 1, mounted in bearings on the carriage, h. One of the outer
segmental plates, n, is made with a handle, n 2, by means of which the parts are
moved when required; and the interacting parts of the outer and inner segmental
plates, n, and, m 5, are relatively constructed so as to have a locking or stop action in their
extreme positions for the purpose of securing the moving of the clamping plate, m 3,
accurately into its proper position. By turning over forwards tho handle, n 2, from
the position in which it is shown in figures, 11, and 12, into the position in which it
is shown in figure, 13, the clamping plate, m 3, and along with it the platen, k, aro
turned so as to bring the part of the paper which was in position to be printed on,
round and up into view just above the inner edge of the graduated scale, h 7. In
this action the flexible apron tapes, m 1, are drawn off their roller, m 2, and bind
the paper against the platen, k, just behind the clamping plate, m3; and when the
clamping plate and platen are moved back again, the tapes, m 1, are drawn back and
wound upon their roller, m 2, and assist in moving the paper back into its proper
position, so that the continuation of the printing may be made exactly in the same
-line-as-before the paper was turned up. In their-normal positions the outer and inner
segmental plates, n, and, m 5, are locked by a spur, n 3, on the outer plates engaging
with a projecting untoothed part of the inner plates as shown in figure, 12; and when
in their other extreme positions, the inner plates, m5, are prevented from turning
down by the extreme teeth being in contact with solid parts, n4, of the other plates, n,.
the latter plates having to be moved a small distance before their teeth enter into gear
with those of the inner plates, as will be understood from figure, 13. As parts of the
rigid apron, m, between the slots for the tapes, m 1, project down between the tapes,
the paper cannot get under the rigid apron when returning even if its back (or
bottom) edge happens to have passed forward away from that apron.
The impression or mark is produced on the paper, as in many typo writers, by cach
type striking into contact with the paper on the platen, k, an inked band, q, which is
interposed. In my improved type writer the inked band, q, is as broad as the
platen, k, is long, and it is distended under the platen between two rollers, 71, 72,
which are parallel to the platen and are held in end bearings in the carriage, h. The
inked band, 7, is partly wound up on one or both rollers, 91, 92, and as it is carried
from side to side along with the platen each succeeding type in a line strikes a
different part of the band. At each ordinary line shift of the paper the inked band, g,
is also shifted on its rollers, 91, 72, to bring a fresh part of it into operation for the
next line. For this purpose thero is fitted on one end of each band roller, 91, 92, a
loose pulley, 93, q, made with inclined and sharp-ended teeth on its circumference.
Each pulley, of which one, 7 3, is shown in sectional end view and in longitudinal
section in figures, 15, and 16, is loose on the roller spindlo,. 1, and is connected
thereto by an internal helical spring arranged so as when turned in one direction to
allow the pulley to yield without turning the spindle. A pin, 99, fixed in the
pulley works in a notch formed in a collar on the spindle and the pin being moved by

page_text: the spring against one side of the notch turns the spindle when tho pulley is turned in
the other direction. On the cap plate, e, of the main casing of the instrument there
is placed transversely as regards the rails, h 3, a thin bar, 95, provided with a small
handle, q 6, at its front end, and retained in place on the cap plate, e, by two screws
entered down through slots in the bar, these slots allowing the bar to be shifted
backwards and forwards. On the bar, q 5, there are fixed or formed two inclined
sharp-ended teeth, 77, 78, adapted to act on the pulleys, 73, 74, of the inked-band
rollers or spindles, 71, 72; they are however so placed on the bar that when one is in
position to act the other is not. Supposing that at the start all the inked band, 9,
excepting what is distended between the rollers, is wound on the roller, q 1, then tho
toothed bar, q 5, is set so that its tooth, 98, is in the track of the pulley, 94, of the
roller, g 2, and when the carriage, h, is moved towards the right that pulley, 74, in
passing over the tooth, y 8, will be turned to the extent of a tooth and will cause its
roller, 92, to wind on a small portion of the inked band, q, drawing it off the other
roller. When the carriage, h, moves to the left the tooth, 78, turns the pulley, 74,
back but not the roller, 92, and after the tooth has been passed the spring in the
pulloy turns it into position to turn the roller at the next movement of the carriage to
the right. When the band, 7, has been charged with a suitable fino non-drying ink
it will be wound from one roller to the other several times before requiring to be
freshly charged, the ink equalising itself over the band when wound on either
roller.
When through dust getting into a radial groovo, or other cause, a type bar, f,
hesitates to drop from its raised position, it can be got at by moving the carriage, h,
sufficiently far to the left to uncover the radial slots as hereinbefore mentioned. I also
provide a quickly acting device which will render the moving aside of the carriago in
most cases unnecessary. This device consists of a ring, ", placed above the depressed
radially-slotted part of tho cap plate, e, with appliances for depressing it when required
so as to make it strike down any raised type bar, f. The ring, r, is made with
diametrically opposite lugs, r1, which can descend a short distance in shallow recesses
mado for them in the cap plate, e, and which are connected by vertical rods, 2,
passing down through holes in the cap plate, e, to two pairs of parallel levers, 7 3, fixed
on horizontal rocking spindles, 4, carried by brackets, 5, at the back, with which
arrangement the ring, r, is kept horizontal whilst being moved up and down. The
levers, 3, are curved to pass round the push pins, g, and one of them extends forwards
in an arm, 76, the front end of which is acted on by the stem of a special key, r7, a
spring, 8, being applied to raise the key and lever after having been depressed. The
key, 7, may be depressed whenever the operator has reason to think a type bar, f,
has not dropped as it ought to do; but provision is added for depressing the ring,,
every time the spacing key, c 2, is depressed, there sufficing for this purpose a simple
lover, r9, pivoted to a stuil so that the plate, c 4, at the inner ends of the spacing-koy
levers, 63, will raise one end of it and make its other end depress the lover arm, rü,
by incans of which the ring, r, is depressed. The parts, r3, 4, 6, 9, are shown
in dotted lines in figure, 1.
T
The line-spacing device hereinbefore described requires special manipulation at each
line shift, and I have shown in figures, 17, and, 18, which are sectional views as at
right angles to each other, an alternative dovice for the same purposo, but which is
automatic. This device acts through a lover, s, and spring-pressed pawl, s1, on a
ratchet wheel, s 2, fixed on the platen shaft, 1. The end of the lever, s, is engaged
in one or other of a few notches formed in the broad end of a wedge-shaped plate, & 3,
which is jointed at its opposite small end to the front rail of the carriage, h. As the
carriage approaches the right-hand end of its course the wedge plate, s 3, rides upon
a roller, s4, carried by a pin, s 5, which can be adjusted and fixed by a pinching
screw, s6, in a slot formed for it in the cap plate, e. The wedge plate, s 3, thus riding
on the roller, s4, is made to lift the lever, s, and through it to turn the platen, k,
extent depending on the position of the wedge plate relatively to the
to an
lever, s.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim in type writers is :-
1. The combination of key levers having enlarged acting ends with a series of push
pins or their equivalents carried by a reel or frame and with a series of type bars, the
reel or frame being adjustable in different positions to cause the push pins or
equivalents to act on different sets of the type bars the parts being arranged and
operating together substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
2. The improved type bars made with horn-shaped type-bearing ends substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
3. The combination of the platen roller with a device to clamp the paper against
it and which is held by segmental plates or their equivalent, and with means to turn
the clamping device along with the platen forwards and backwards through a limited
angle for the purpose of bringing into view at a particular position the part of the
paper at which the printing is being done substantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The combination of the clamping device with a flexible extensible apron capable
of being drawn forward and of being drawn back again by spring action substantially
as hereinbefore described.
5. The escapement device working with the paper carriage and comprising a
helically grooved barrel engaging with studs on the carriage, a ratchet wheel fixed to
the barrel, and a pair of spring pawl tongues of slightly different lengths and actuated
alternately by cam surfaces on a rocking shaft moved from the keys, the parts being
arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore described.
6. The placing of the inked band upon the paper carriage substantially as and for
the purposes hereinbefore described.
7. The arrangements for carrying and moving the inked band, and consisting of
two rollers on which the band is wound these rollers being parallel to the platen and
mounted on the paper carriage, inclined-tooth pulleys on the rollers, and stationary
but adjustable inclined teeth to act on the pulleys, the parts being arranged and
operating substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
8. The manual line-spacing device consisting of a loose knob, on one end of the
platen shaft, a spring pawl pivoted to the knob, and arranged to act on a ratchet
wheel fived on the shaft, and a spring to turn the knob back to a fixed stud, the-parts
being arranged and operating substantially as herein before described.
9. The automatic line-spacing device consisting of a wedge plate drawn by the
paper carriage over a stationary roller and thereby acting through an adjustable pawl
lever on a ratchet wheel on the platen shaft substantially as herein before described.
10. The device for sounding the warning bell, and consisting of an inclined rib on
the paper carriage, a wire having a bent up end and arranged to be moved by the
inclined rib, and also having upon it a clapper to strike the bell and a helical spring
placed on the wire so as to react when compressed as well as torsionally, the parts
operating substantially as hereinbefore described.
11. The combination of the finger lever, p, having a pin, p 1, to lift the pawl,
tongue, 4, with the fixed and adjustable stops, h9, h8, on the paper carriage
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
12. The application of a ring for striking down hesitating type bars, with means
to move it either by a special koy or from the spacing key or from both substantially
as hereinbefore described.
11
T
1
1007
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.