IMPROVEMENT IN TURNING LATHES
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 28th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 31st May, 1887.
ROBERT HYDE of Carlton Road Attercliffe Sheffield in the county of York do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENT IN TURNING LATHES to be as
follows:-
I will describe an ordinary Turning Lathe, one suitable for axles of Railway wheels,
which consists of Fast Headstock, with cone, and back-gear, loose Headstock with
sliding barrel, to carry centre, a bed or gantry, planed true and parallel, on the Lathe
bed slides a saddle which carries the rest, the saddle is generally moved by a handle,
pinion, and rack or by a screw with fittings to make the same self acting in the usual
way. On the saddle we have a cross groove, in this the bottom of the rest slides, and
above this is a slide which is mostly set parallel with bed, or at right angle with cross
groove. The rest is moved backward and forward by a screw, which is held in position
by a stud in the cross groove, this stud is fast to the saddle, the screw passing through
it and so secured that it will allow the screw to turn round, but not to move backward
or forward lengthwise, and the same screw passes through a nut secured to the rest,
by a handle attached to this screw in the cross groove the rest can be moved backward
and forward. Say it is required to turn something that is conical, or curved, or
other irregular contour. Say it is required to turn an axle all over for Railway wheels,
they are mostly made smaller in diameter in the middle, and increase in diameter
more and more towards the parts which passes through the wheel bosses or naves,
the parts passing through the naves decrease in diameter towards the ends of axle.
To turn an axle as above described a template of half the outline is required, and so
fixed, that it will give motion to the rest sliding in cross groove of saddle to the
different diameters required, as the saddle slides on the bed or gantry. When this is
used the Operator must take out the stud in cross groove of saddle, also the screw
which passes through it, he is thereby deprived of any motion of the rest in cross
groove beyond that which is given to it by the template.
Having described the way mostly adopted for turning irregular articles, I will
explain my improvement which gives to the operator the use of the screw in cross
groove at the same time as the template is in use. That is, he can increase or diminish

page_text: the cut by the screw in the cross groove. To do this I insert a sliding block which
is fitted in cross groove of saddle through this sliding block I pass the screw and
secure it the same as if it passed through an ordinary stud, the other end of the screw
passing through a nut secured to the bottom of sliding rest, thus, the sliding block
and sliding rest are connected together by the screw, I purpose making a connection
by a stud or pin made fast to sliding block, the same to be connected with the
template which gives the required form to the article being turned, it will be understood
now that the slide rest and sliding block are both moved simultaneously by the tem-
plate when the saddle is set in motion by the self-acting gear, the sliding block is held
in position by the template when the screw is used in cross groove to regulate the cut
which can be increased or decreased during any part of the operation by a handle
attached to the screw. This improvement also applies to other sliding parts of the
rest or tool carrier to suit the required position of the template.
Dated this 9th day of August 1886.

page_text: Improvement in Turning Lathes.
I, ROBERT HYDE of Carlton Road, Attercliffe, Sheffield County of York, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to an improvement in turning Lathes, constituting an improved
method of turning irregular or curved articles, and it consists in the addition of
certain parts hereafter described, which being fitted to a turning Lathe, give the
following advantages over an ordinary Lathe not fitted with my improvements;
Articles can be turned in any number to the facsimile of a given irregular form, and
the operator can take a deep or shallow cut at will.
In order that my invention may be well understood and clearly described, I annex
a sheet of drawings.
Fig. 1, is a plan of a Lathe with my improvement attached to it.
Fig. 2, is an end elevation of same.
Fig. 3, is a side elevation of same.
As my invention is especially applicable for turning the axles of Railway Wheels
which gradually taper to the centre, I will describe its application to a Lathe for
that purpose, consisting of the usual gantry with saddle, and fast and loose head-
stocks, the movement of the saddle being produced by the usual guide-screw, or by a
rack and pinion, as is well understood.
On the face of the Saddle is a recessed sliding path made at right angles with the
bed or gantry in which the bottom of the rest is fitted and slides by means of a screw,
which passes through a stud in the saddle and a nut in the rest, and is turned by a
handwheel or its equivalent.
The usual way to turn curved articles such as axles, is to first make a template of
half the outline of the said article or axle, and so fix it that it will controll the motion
of the rest in the cross slide of the saddle.
The accomplish this the cross slide screw and nut must be removed, thereby
depriving the rest of any movement in the cross slide beyond that imparted to it by
the template.
I will now describe my improvements which enable the operator to use the screw
and take a deep or a shallow cut as desired while the template is in use.
A sliding block A is fitted on the cross-slide of the Saddle S, and through this
block A, I pass the screw B, and secure it in the same manner as if it passed through
an ordinary stud, the other part of the screw passing through the nut C, which is
secured to the bottom of the sliding rest D; thus the sliding block A, and sliding
rest D, are connected by the screw B.
I make a connection by a stud or pin E, secured to the sliding-block A, and by
which the Template T is firmly held in position, and it must be understood that the
slide rest D, and the sliding block A, are both moved simultaneously by the varying

page_text: outline of the template T, when the Saddle S, is set in motion by the self acting
gear.
The sliding block A, is held in position by the Template T, when the screw B is
used in the cross slide to regulate the cut, which can be either increased or decreased
in depth during any part of the operation by means of a handle H, attached to
screw B.
.
The sliding block A, may be made suitable for any ordinary slide rest, and can be
applied to either the back or the front of the rest to suit the work, or as may be most
convenient.
The Sliding-block may be used instead of the ordinary stud when the template is
not required, by disconnecting the template, and locking the said sliding block by a
set screw or any other equivalent means, to the saddle.
This improvement also applies to other sliding parts of rest or tool carrier to suit
the required position of the template T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1—In Turning Lathes for turning any irregular or curved articles such as Railway.
Axles, the use of the sliding-block (such as A) for the purpose specified and
substantially as described and shown.
2-In Turning Lathes, the combination with the Saddle S, the rest D, and screw B,
of the sliding-block A, for the purpose, and substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated.
Dated the 26th day of April 1887'