Improvements in and relating to Surface Apparatus for Heating and Cooling Purposes and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 11th July, 1900-Accepted, 8th Sept., 1900
PROVISIONAL DIEVITICATION
Improvements in and relating to Surface Apparatus for Heating
and Cooling Purposes and the like.
I, FRANCIS CLAUDE BLAKE, of Ravenscourt Works, Dalling Road, Hammersmith,
London, W., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to the surface apparatus of cooling devices for gases,
vapour, and liquids, and of heat radiators and the like.
My invention consists essentially in the use of undulated copper gauze, soldered,
riveted or otherwise secured to the surface of these apparatus.
In carrying out my invention in connection with a liquid cooling apparatus,
I take a flat pipe, e.g. of copper and of rectangular section, and solder an undulated
or ribbed sheet of copper gauze to top and bottom (the larger sides) of the same.
Several pipes may be superposed and suitably connected by U or other joints
or a single pipe of several feet length may be bent to the desired shape, and the
sheet or sheets of copper gauze soldered or otherwise securely attached thereto.
The pipes may be arranged horizontally, vertically or otherwise.
The arch or tunnel formed by the undulation of the gauze sheet may be of any
desired section, and passes transversely across the pipe. The surrounding air
which receives and diffuses the heat from the fluid enclosed in the pipe, reaches
the surface of the latter through the mesh of the gauze and through the tunnels
formed thereby.
As a suitable gauge of gauze I
mention that I have found 24 to 20 a very
may
convenient size for the radiators or cooling apparatus of motor cars, but I may
use any other gauge which may be suited to my object.
Where cylindrical pipes are used, I arrange my copper sheet gauze as dia-
phragms through which the battery of pipes will pass.
The present invention may be applied to the surface of any pipe or apparatus
containing heated liquid, hot air, or other fluid, from which it is wished to
abstract heat.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Surface Apparatus for Heating
and Cooling Purposes and the like.
I, FRANCIS CLAUDE BLAKE, of Ravenscourt Works, Dalling Road, Hammersmith,
London, W., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: -
This invention relates to the surface apparatus of cooling devices for gases,
vapour and liquids, and of heat radiators and the like.
My invention consists essentially in the use for the purposes indicated of
crimped, sinuous or undulating copper or other metallic gauze, soldered, riveted
or otherwise secured to the surface of these apparatus.
Figure 1 of the accompanying diagrammatic drawings indicates in side elevation
a method of carrying out my invention as applied to a flat pipe such pipe being-
for example of rectangular section.
Figure 2 is a cross section of the same.
Figure 3 is a similar view of a modified form.
Figure 4 is a cross section of a pipe fitted with the undulated gauze. Figure 5
is a side elevation of the cylindrical pipe shewn in Figure 4.
In carrying out my invention and referring to Figure 1, I take a flat pipe a,
e.g. of copper and of rectangular section, and solder an undulated or ribbed
sheet of copper gauze to top and bottom (the larger sides) of the same. Several
pipes a may be superposed and suitably connected by or other joints, or a
single pipe of considerable length (25 feet, for instance) may be bent to the desired
shape and the sheet or sheets of copper gauze soldered or otherwise securely
attached thereto.
The pipes may be arranged horizontally, vertically or otherwise, and may be
of any length.
The arch or tunnel c formed by the undulation of the gauze b may be of any
desired pitch and section, and preferably pases transversely across the pipe.
The arch c may however, if so desired, run longitudinally with the pipe. I prefer
to arrange the arch c transversely in the case of a flat pipe.
The surrounding air which receives and diffuses the heat from the fluid enclosed
in the pipe
a reaches the surface of the latter through the mesh of the raised
gauze 6 and through the tunnels c formed thereby.
As a suitable gauge of gauze I may mention that I regard from 8 to 20 per inch
linear, very convenient sizes for the radiators or cooling apparatus of motor-cars,
but I may use any other gauge which may be suited to my object.
In Figure 1 the rise and fall of the sinuous gauze b at the top and bottom
of the pipe is symmetrical, and on Figure 3, I have shown them parallel in hit-and-
miss fashion but the undulations may be arranged in any other suitable manner.
Where cylindrical pipes a are used, I prefer to solder the undulated gauze to
the pipe longitudinally as shown in cross-section on Figure 4.
The gauze need not necessarily be fashioned to a star-shape and the number of
crimpings or undulations may be lessened or increased as desired.
For a cylindrical pipe of 3" diameter, I have found a mesh of one-tenth of an
inch gives very good results.
I recommend soldering the undulated metallic gauze to the pipe or surface
as being usually sufficient, but I may secure it thereto by riveting, closely-binding
with wire, or in any other suitable and convenient manner.
I have referred to the undulated gauze throughout this description as being

page_text: made of copper wire; instead of copper, aluminium or other suitable metal or
metal alloy may be employed. For instance, the bronze metals, and various
white-metals may be used.
The present invention may be applied to the surface of any pipe or apparatus
containing heated liquid, hot air or other fluid from which it is desired to abstract
heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I am
aware that in heat-diffusing devices wire has been used for the purpose of diffusing
the heat and that such wire has sometimes been soldered to the cooling surface.
I am also aware that wire gauze has been wrapped around a tube and I therefore
make no general claim to the use of the wire or wire gauze, but what I claim is :-
-
(1). A heat-diffusing device for the surface of pipes containing heated fluids,
and of heat radiators and the like, the said device consisting of undulated copper
or other suitable metallic gauze made of woven wire, soldered, riveted or other-
wise attached to the actual surface of such apparatus.
(2). A cooling device for the radiating surfaces of pipes and apparatus con-
taining heated fluids, consisting of sinuous or undulated copper, aluminium
or other metallic gauze soldered or otherwise secured thereto, wherein the pro-
tuberances (regarded as in section) from such surfaces are expanded outwardly
to increase the area of the raised and undulated gauze and to increase the size
of the arch formed thereby, substantially as described.
.
PT 3
1000
Dated this e
day of July 1900
For the Applicant,
GEDGE & FEENY,
Chartered Patent Agents, 60, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.