Improvements in Flushing Apparatus.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 17th Dec., 1890-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Flushing Apparatus.
I, FREDERICO PESCETTO, Major of Military Engineers, commanding the district
of the Island of Maddalena, Passari, Italy, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
―
This invention relates to automatic apparatus for flushing water closets, urinals,
and sewers.
5
In carrying out the invention I place either outside or within a cistern or tank a
double bent pipe arranged in such a manner that one end opens into the interior and
near the bottom of the cistern which also communicates with the interior of the
bent pipe through an opening therein. The other end of the pipe opens into a small
cistern from which leads the discharge pipe. A pipe is employed for supplying air
and the bent pipe is provided at its upper part with a plug or stopper. Within the
bent pipe is arranged a smaller bent pipe.
The apparatus above described acts automatically at intermittent periods when
the water reaches a predetermined height but for the purpose of enabling the
apparatus to be started at any time required the inlet cock through which
water enters the cistern is provided with a float which closes the cock just
before the water reaches the level which would cause the apparatus to act
automatically. A rod is connected to a lever fixed to the Hoat which rod
serves to press the float into the water and thereby raise the level of the same
sufficiently to start the siphon.
In some cases the pipe is so shaped that the bends thereof lie parallel to each
other.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Flushing Apparatus.
1, FREDERICO PESCETTO, Major of Military Engineers, commanding the district
of the Island of Maddalena, Passari, Italy, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates principally to automatic apparatus for flushing water
closets, urinals and sewers the object of the invention being to provide an
apparatus into which the water flows very slowly and from which it is dis-
charged very rapidly at intermittent periods the duration of which can be varied;
the operation may be effected by the water itself without it being necessary to
employ any movable part.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will describe the
same by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a cistern or tank provided with my
flushing apparatus.
Figure 2 is a modified arrangement.
In carrying out my invention I place either outside or within the cistern or tank
a double bend pipe C, D, E, F, G arranged in such a manner that the end C
opens into the interior near the bottom A B of the cistern, the said pipe being

page_text: also in
The other end G of the pipe opens into a small cistern, from which leads the
discharge pipe T; a pipe XY, opening into the cistern, communicates with the
outside atmosphere.
Between the parts E,
pipe L, I, H.
of the bent pipe C, D, E, F, G is arranged at I a small
In order to render the apparatus more compact when it is desired to locate the
apparatus within the tank instead of the axes of the bends D E and F G being
in the same plane as the bend E F they are arranged at right angles to it as shown
in Figure 2.
The part E F of the pipe as well as the small pipe L I H is filled with water
either from the effect of the preceding discharge or, when the apparatus is first
started by means of the screw plug Z.
When the water which enters the cistern reaches the small hole O and closes it,
the air in the pipe D E F G, between the horizontal lines O O' and M N, cannot
escape and consequently, if the water rises in the cistern, a difference of level is
caused between the water in the cistern and the water in the bend D. The same
difference should necessarily be produced between the water in the bends E and F of
the large pipe and in the arms L I and I H of the small pipe.
The dimensions of the various parts are so calculated that just before the water
reaches the edge of the cistern it is near the line M N in the bend F and the line PQ
in the bend E and nearly at I in the small pipe LI H. On the level of the
water in the cistern still further rising, the water in the arm HI of the small pipe
The
is expelled by the imprisoned air and escapes through the small pipe L I H.
differences of level are no longer maintained, the pipe D E F G is filled with water
and the cistern is quickly emptied.
In some cases, for instance in the case of water closets, in order to prevent auto-
matic intermittent discharge of the water and to provide means whereby the water
is discharged only when required, I provide the supply cock of the cistern with a
float which closes the cock just before the water reaches the level where it would
cause the flush to be effected automatically. A rod is connected to a lever fixed to
the float from the other side of the cock. By operating this lever the float is
pressed into the water, the level of which rises thereby starting the siphon.
For flushing water closets, urinals &c., the cistern which is generally of metal or
stoneware, and of a suitable capacity is placed above on a suitable support and the
pipe T is in direct communication with the basin or pan to be flushed automatically
or when required.
When the apparatus is required for flushing either sewers of large section or pipes
the cisterns (generally of masonry) are suitably arranged along the line of sewers or
pipes and are of suitable size and instead of the pipes T descending vertically they
are in the same axial line as the sewers or pipes to be flushed.
The advantages obtained from the use of the improved flushing apparatus are as
follows:-
1. The apparatuses are easily placed in position and the siphons with which they
are provided can be adapted to the requirements of different circumstances, as they
do not pass beyond the bottom of the cistern; the siphons can be placed either
within or outside the cistern and can be of the form shown in Figure 2 or arranged
along the lateral surface of the cistern.
2. The apparatuses are very simple and consequently very efficacious; there are no
movable parts in those which work automatically, while with those which are
operated by hand there are only floats acting on the water inlet cock when the
discharge is required.
3. By the substitution of the bent tube siphon for the bell siphon generally employed
in flushing apparatus a section is obtained which is always constant owing to which
and the rounded form of the siphon the water meets with much less resistance in its
Inovement whereby a more powerful flush is obtained and the liability to obstruction
is diminished.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In flushing apparatus the employment of a double bend pipe such as CDEFG
having an interior pipe such as LI H arranged and operating substantially as and
for the purpose herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings.
2. The improved flushing apparatuses hereinbefore described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.