Improvements in Automatic Water Gauges, Valves, Cocks, Taps, and their Hole or Passage Cleaners, for Steam Boilers other Use.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Lelt, 5th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 5th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Automatic Water Gauges, Valves, Cocks, Taps,
and their Hole or Passage Cleaners, for Steam Boilers
other Use.
.or
We THOMAS BLISSETT of 12 Barkston Gardens, Earl's Court, London,
Gentleman HENRY SOMERVILLE FEARON of. 6 Great Winchester. Street,
London Civil Engineer, and ABRAHAM PULLAN of 118 Woodpecker Road,
New Cross, Kent, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
"
The invention relates to further improvements upon methods patented by
Abraham Pullan on the 11th February 1890 and numbered 2165 for improved
means and appliances in connection with water gauges, valves, water taps and the
like as therein set forth.
In carrying out our further improvements as they relate to water gauges and
valves, we employ a loose valve seat screwed or otherwise fitted into the arm of the
gauge and having a conical seating at its extremity nearest the boiler by which we
are enabled at any time to readily remove and if requisite replace the automatic
valve and its attachments.
The valve which will close upon this loose seat may be of any suitable form, but
preferably the segment of a ball and at the rear or flat face of this valve is fixed
the hole or passage cleaner when it is desired to employ such. To the other or
spherical face of the valve is fixed a spiral spring which passes through the hollow
valve seat and is connected with a spindle passing through a packing box and such
spindle and its attachment can be turned by a hand wheel or other suitable means.
Should the gauge glass be broken the pressure from the boiler will instantly and
automatically close the valve upon its scat thereby compressing the spring, which,
when a new gauge glass is fitted will expand again and automatically open the
valve.
Should the valve from any cause become stuck or fixed it can at once be cleared
by pressing inwards the spindle to which the whole apparatus is attached.
The position of the said spindle also indicates at a glance whether the valve is
open or closed by the distance it will project beyond the packing nut or other
indicating point thus avoiding the necessity of using a test cock in order to be sure
the gauge is acting.
The valve push or spindle may if desired be carried through the centre of the
spiral spring and connected directly with the automatic valve and either arrange-
ment may be fitted to any part of the gauge arms and used in or without connection
with plug cocks, or screw shut off valves, and all or any part or parts may be
employed either independently or together for any of the purposes claimed.
The hole cleaner or scraper need not necessarily be employed with this spiral
spring arrangement in which case a plain push spindle only may be used with or
without a packing box and the indicating device.
Whenever the hole scraper is to be used independently of the valve it may be
placed in any suitable position and may be fixed to a spindle turned by a wheel or
lever, the end of such spindle being turned to fit into a seating formed in the
chamber of the gauge arm, and, which when the wheel or lever is turned forms a
screw shut off valve acting independently from the automatic arrangement.
The valve may also be attached to the free end of a spring fixed within a

page_text: chamber which may be either vertical or horizontal as most convenient and placed
at right angles to the valve aperture, and by this arrangement the valve may be
very easily removed.
If hole or passage scrapers are to be used in connection with valves so arranged,
they may be placed underneath or at the side of the valve or in any suitable
position but when we employ a valve attached to a horizontal spring it is
preferable to place the hole cleaning apparatus beneath the valve, as then its spindle
can have attached to it a cam or eccentric whereby the valve, should it become
clogged from sediment or corrosion, will by the pressure of the said cam be again
brought into operation and the cam or eccentric action of which this is an example
may be applied for the clearing of valves otherwise actuated than by the horizontal
spring.
Instead of employing a valve attached to a spiral spring and spindle or to the
free end of a fixed spring as already described, we can use a loose ball placed
within a chamber in the gauge arm into which the outlet opens. When the valve
is open the ball rests upon an inclined plane immediately below.the valve seat, but
upon back pressure from the boiler, the ball is driven up the incline and forced
against the valve seat automatically closing it.
The ball is usually inserted into the chamber through the aperture subsequently
occupied by the loose valve seat but it can be inserted through an orifice formed in
the gauge arm and communicating with the chamber. In the event of the ball
becoming fixed or choked in the seat it can be set free by a push or other
spindle..
The screw shut off valve either with or without hole scraper may be employed
in connection with this form of valve placed either under it, or in any required
position and the ball valve more or less modified may be also used in connection
with steam pipes, cocks or water taps.
In some cases we connect an auxilliary pipe from the boiler to valve box over the
end of automatic valve controlled by a small valve or cock, so that by shutting the
stop valve between the automatic valve and boiler and opening the small valve
in auxiliary pipe it will blow the automatic valve from its seat. We apply the
above devices by connecting the top arm of the automatic water gauge with boiler
water space, or the auxilliary pipe may be fixed inside the boiler, out of sight to the
boiler front or into the end of the gauge arm besides the usual connection when we
place the automatic ball or other valve in a chamber or recess, so that the top of
valve is level with the steam passage, to prevent to a great extent the automatic
valve being blown on to its seat when blowing the gauge through.
When the gauge glass breaks the automatic valve in the bottom arm is blown on to
its seat and the pressure of the water from the boiler through the aforesaid auxilliary
pipe upon the underside of automatic valve, lifts it up, and it is then blown to
its seat by steam through the usual passage in the gauge arm, the gauge is theu
automatically shut off from the boiler.
We also make supplementary passages (direct or otherwise from the boiler) in
the gauge arms to the underside of the automatic valves, and the try-cock being
fixed in one of said passages, draws, when opened, the automatic valve away from
its seat, instead, of on to its seat, and when the try-cock is fitted to the said
passage, and auxilliary pipe it draws both the upper and lower valves away from
their seats.
The automatic valve is put into the chamber from the front of gauge arm, or
passed through a screw hole in the side or top of arm.
In some cases we make an inclined oval hole in the passages of the gauge arms
next the boiler for the automatic valves to rest in and we make the stops (illustrated
& described in the before mentioned Specification by Figures 21, 24 & 26) cast in
the passages to come further down in front of the ball valves so as to reduce the
area exposed to the steam and water striking the automatic valves, and thus render
them less sensitive when blowing the gauge through.
In order to disperse with the auxilliary pipes and passages and retain the areas

page_text: undiminished and to ensure a clear thoroughfare in the full area of the gauge as
illustrated and described in the before mentioned Specification by Figures 18,
19 & 20 we form a chamber at a suitable distance up the screw shut off valve
spindle from the valve end and make upon the sliding and rotating valve spindle a
collar or piston to fit the chamber with suitable packing fitted to the same. The
spindle by means of which the scraper and automatic valve is turned is continued
through the shank of the stop valve and connected to a hand wheel within which a
smaller packing box is formed and through this the spindle revolves.
The automatic valve stem as spindle is provided with a central passage which
forms a communication between the steam and water, passages to the boiler and the
chambers in the screw shut off valve spindles, which arrangement partially balances
the automatic valves and facilitates the easy opening of the same.
We apply the same principle to the automatic valves for gauge cocks, steam
pipes and the like herein described.
With the double seated removable valve seat, we make the screw shut off valve
with fork ends, and the balanced automatic valve separate from the shut off valve
spindle, with the hole or passage cleaner at one end and the male end to fit in the
fork end of the shut off valve spindle at the other end.
:
The push spindle and automatic valve indicating device is fitted through the
centre of screw shut off valve spindle..
This latter device we use when the automatic valve is separate from the spindle
lying in a groove or the like.
""
The above devices we use with the double valve seats solid in the gauge arms,
and the gauge arms to screw into seating fixed to the boiler front, we can also
form a valve which may be closed in two separate ways and in this case the spindle
of the screw shut off valve will have a hole through its centre and through such
hole a smaller spindle passes having on its end a valve to which the scraper may
or may not be attached. The screw shut off valve is closed as before described by
turning the larger wheel and the other valve which will have its seating the reverse
way to screw shut off valve, is closed by turning the smaller wheel the spindle of
which is to pass through the centre of the larger. This smaller spindle may also
be made to act by means of a push action as well as a screw and the valve attached
may have holes through it to allow the passage of steam or water when the
valve itself is closed.
The above devices are used without the screw shut off valves and without the
holes through the valves on the sliding spindles for water gauges, gauge cocks, or
the like.
.
1
In some cases we carry the double loose valve seat right through the gauge arm
tail end into the boiler, with valve seat at its end for the automatic valve to fit
upon, and the hole cleaner is made upon the valve spindle and the automatic valves
may be balanced valves loose upon the spindles.
We use our signal end equilibrium holes in all our gauges as described in the
before mentioned Specification and the hole or passage cleaners with gauges and
gauge cocks and the passages are arranged in various ways to suit the style of
water gauge or other automatic valve or cock for other use.
In some cases we carry the automatic valve upon the screw shut off valve spindle,
or upon the hole or passage cleaner spindle, or upon the hole cleaner spindle which
passes through the centre of hollow cock plug, with a stop piece cast or fitted in the
gauge arm or in the cock plug to lift the automatic valves when being turned
round upon their spindles to prevent them from sticking fast with sediment, or
the like.
The one in the hollow plug cock can be turned round without turning to
cock plug which is an improvement upon Figure 9 in the before mentioned
Specification.
The automatic valves and their requisite attachments and parts need nöt
necessarily be of the precise shape indicated so long as they act substantially in
the manner and for the several purposes described and the springs may act either
......

page_text: by compression
many other manner, and the impetus required many gi
direction may be imparted either by a. lever, wheel, tube or disc or a diaphragm
either corrugated or not, and any suitable material may be employed.
In order to prevent the elastic ferrules for holding the gauge glass (as illustrated
and described in the before mentioned Specification by Figures 18 and 19) from
working off the projections upon which they are fitted to the gauge arms by
vibration we make screw threads, grooves or the like upon them for the clastic
material to be pressed into by the screw clips.
When we apply our invention to the ordinary water gauges now in use we make
the elastic ferrule with projecting collar at one end to fit inside the packing box
nut similar to the end of the packing gland and make a joint upon the end of the
packing box, and in this case we reduce the length of the ferrule and only require
one screw clip.
.
Or we place a short piece of metal tube in the packing box representing the
gauge glass far enough above the top or the ordinary gland nut to receive a short
elastic ferrule and one screw clip to hold the gauge glass in position instead of
fitting into the ordinary packing boxes, it being so much easier and quicker to
replace. a
a.broken gauge glass and it also saves cutting and burning the hands in
doing so with the old system of packing glands.
Or the gland screw nut may have a projection made upon it to receive the short
clastic ferrule and one screw clip.
Or an elastic ferrule may be made to fit upon the thread outside the ordinary
packing box with a socket end for the gauge glass to fit in and two screw clips used
to fix the same to packing box and gauge glass.:
Or the packing boxes are connected to the gauge arms with a screw clip
coupling having a recessed wedge form inside to fit the raised wedged forms
made upon the gauge arms and the end of packing boxes or a slot cut in the side
of packing boxes to admit the glass to pass in sideways and a solid nut to screw
down upon the outside of packing boxes to cover slot and the packing rings.
The improved automatic valves can also be applied with much advantage to
prevent the danger arising from fractured steam pipes in connection with land or
marine engines as set forth in the before mentioned Specification Figures 35, 36,
37 and 43 and the improvements that more especially apply to these, consist in the
spring and automatic valve indicating devices, in the means of applying where
necessary more or less tension to the springs from the exterior of the apparatus and
also to the balanced valves and to the valves for automatically shutting off steam
in case of breakage of the pipe.
Instead of the screw device for pressing large automatic valves from their seats
in the steam or other pipes as illustrated and described in the before mentioned
Specification, by Figure 35, we fit a spindle through the side of the valve box
(working in a packing box) over the top of the automatic valve, and upon the end
of the said spindle we fix a cam, eccentric, or the like so that by turning the
spindle round by a handle or such device it presses or knocks the valve from
its seat.
We also apply the spring device and automatic valve to an ordinary water, or
the like, draw off tap or bib valve cock as follows
The body of valve box seat and the tail end is made in one piece.
The front end is made to receive a diaphragm form of spring, corrugated or
not. We face one or both sides with india rubber or any elastic material to
prevent the rusting of the spring and to make a joint between the end of valve
box, and the front hollow cover.. The said hollow cover is screwed into the end of
valve box, or otherwise fixed to the same.
A spindle is carried through the spring and fixed to the same by a collar and
nut (the spindle working in a box upon the hollow cover) one end of the same fits
upon the automatic valve, and the opposite end against the opening lever or other
device..
The automatic elastic ball valve is constructed with an earthenware, or the like,

page_text: marble or ball, (of larger diameter than the seating outlet, in order to prevent
the pressure blowing the valve through the scating outlet when the front hollow
cover is taken off the valve box for repairs to spring or spindle, and thus we
obviate the necessity of the water, or the like, having to be shut off from the
supply or main) covered with india rubber or other elastic material, or any other
form of valve may be used. It may be of solid rubber for low pressures, or of
metal, glass, or other suitable materials working upon the metal seat, or elastic
seat, fitted into the valve box. The automatic valve.is inserted into the cliamber
in the body of valve box through a screw hole in the side or underside of the same.
The hollow cover forms an air (or water) chamber and by having a small hole
through the same, it fills with air, so that when the lever is pulled or' pushed, it
presses the automatic valve from its seat and the water flows out of the outlet pipe
so long as the automatic valve is held open whilst at the same time the hollow
cover is filling with air.
When the fever is no longer held or acted upon, the pressure acting upon the
automatic valve and spring (or instead of a spring we may use a plunger) it slowly
closes by the action of the air being forced out of the hollow cover.
In some cases we connect the hollow cover and the inlet chamber by a passage,
or pipe, so that when the automatic valve is slowly closing it forces the water from
the hollow cover back into the inlet chamber thus securing the same safety
thereby preventing concussion or reaction in the main or discharge pipe thus
preventing the bursting of pipes and the breaking of pipe joints.
Instead of the air and water device for the slow closing action we suspend the
automatic valve at the free end of a spring (in the chamber in body of valve box as
herein described for the water gauge) and attach the fixed end of spring to a screw
plug, hollow seat or the like for closing the aperture, and which may be applied to
any part of the valve box.
30th November 1893
THOS. BLISSETT.
H. S. FEARON.
A. PULLAN.
Improvements in Automatic Water Gauges, Valves, Cocks, Taps,
and their Hole or Passage Cleaners, for Steam Boilers
other Use.
or
We THOMAS BLISSETT of 12 Barkstone Gardens, Earl's Court London,
Gentleman, and HENRY SOMERVILLE FEARON of 6 Great Winchester Street
London, Civil Engineer, and ABRAHAM PULLAN of 118 Woodpecker Road New
Cross in the County of Kent Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this inveu-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention relates to further improvements, upon methods patented by
Abraham Pullan on the 11th February 1890 and numbered 2165 for improved
means and appliances in connection with water gauges valves, water taps and the
like as therein set forth.
In carrying out our further improvements as they relate to water gauges and
valves we employ a loose valve seat screwed or otherwise fitted into the arm of the
gauge and having a conical seating at its extremity nearest the boiler by which we
are enabled at any time readily to remove and if requisite replace the automatic
valve with its attacliments.
The valve which will close upon this loose seat may be of any suitable form but
preferably the segment of a ball and at the rear or flat face of this valve is fixed
the hole or passage cleaner when it is desired to employ such.
C

page_text: C
.
To the other or spherical face of the valve is fixed a spiral spring which passes
through the hollow valve seat and is connected with a spindle passing through a
packing box and such spindle and its attachment can be turned by a band wheel or
other suitable means.
Should the gauge glass be broken the pressure from the boiler will instantly and
automatically close the valve upon its seat thereby compressing the spring which
when a new gauge glass is fitted will expand and automatically open the valve.
Should the valve from any cause become stuck or fixed it can at once be cleared
by pressing inwards the spindle to which the whole apparatus is attached:
The position of the said spindle also indicates at a glance whether the valve is
open or closed by the distance it will project beyond the packing nut or other
indicating point thus avoiding the necessity of using the test cock in order to be
sure the gauge is acting. The valve push or spindle may if desired be carried
through the centre of the spiral spring and connected directly with the automatic
valve and either arrangement may be fitted to any part of the gauge arms and used
in or without connection with plug cocks or screw shut off valves and all or any
part or parts may be employed either independently or together for any of the
purposes claimed.
•
The hole, cleaner or scraper need not necessarily be employed with this spiral
spring arrangement. in which case a plain push spindle only may be used with or
without a packing box and the indicating device. Whenever the hole scraper is to be
used independently of the valve it may be placed in any suitable position and may
be fixed to a spindle turned by a wheel or lever, the end of such spindle being
turned to fit into a seating formed in the chamber of the gauge arm and which
when the wheel or lever is turned forms a screw shut off valve acting independently
from the automatic arrangement.
In the accompanying five sheets of drawings we have shown how our said invention
may be carried into practice. Identical figures and letters indicate corresponding
parts throughout the drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section through the upper and lower arms of a
water gauge constructed according to our said invention.
A is the upper or steam and B the lower or water arm of the gauge the said arms
being connected by a gauge glass 5 in the usual manner 3 are the plug cocks and
C is the try cock 6 is the loose valve seat screwed or otherwise fitted into the upper
arm A and the automatic valve 4 is connected to the end of the horizontal spiral
spring 5 the other end of the said spring being connected or not to indicating push
spindle 7 moving in a packing box and screw gland 7°. A hand wheel 2 is fixed to
spindle 7 by a pin 2x for manipulating the automatic valve and spring 5.
Should the gauge glass be broken the pressure from the boiler will instantly close
the automatic valve 4 upon its seat 8 at the end of the loose valve seat 6 thereby
compressing the spring and push spindle 7.
The distance of the boss upon the hand wheel 2 from the face of the screw
gland 7 indicates at a glance whether the automatic valve 4 is closed or open.
By having this or other indicating device also in the bottom arm the necessity of
frequently using the test cock to ensure that the automatic valves are acting is
avoided.
When a new gauge glass is fitted the hand wheel or its equivalent is pressed
back the spring expands again and automatically opens the valve 4. Should the
automatic valve 4 from any cause become stuck or fixed it can at once be cleared
by pressing inwards the hand wheel 2 and its spindle 7. The automatic valve can
be closed on its seat by the hand wheel 2. In the lower arm B we show our hole
or passage cleaner 1 fitted and made in one piece with the spherical automatic
valve 4. the end of the spring 5 being fixed to the same and the opposite end of
spring connected with the push spindle 7 and hand wheel 2. By this device the
spring scraper and automatic valve can be turned round and moved backwards &
forwards to clear the water passage 9* and the spring 5 of any sediment or the like.
When it is requisite to remove the loose valve seat 6 from the arm B for any

page_text: purpose with steam in the boiler and to shut the cock 3ª unscrew the lock nut 6º
then unscrew the loose valve seat by its head 6d to allow the hole cleaner to clear.
the cock plug 3 so that this may be shut and then it can be entirely taken out. To
stop leakage when screwing out the loose valve seat the lock nut 6 is kept up to
the face of the gauge arm.
.
If desired the gauge can be worked non-automatically by screwing a solid plug
into the gauge arm and opening the cock. 10 are steam and water ways. C blow
through or test cock: D flanges to connect gauge to boiler or other vessel and the
mode of action is similar in both top and bottom arms.
We avoid the dangerous consequences arising from the water gauge cocks being
left closed when the boiler is in steam as our hole or passage cleaner quite prevents
this by being always inside the cock plug passage and therefore the cocks cannot
be closed as shown in dotted lines at 3 in the lower arm B. In Figure 2 we show
an arrangement of the automatic valve 4 by which the push or indicating spindle 7
is carried through the centre of the spiral spring 5 and connected directly with the
valve and the straight end of the spring 5, the end of the spring and the small end
of the push spindle 7 being welded or brazed together and fitted to the valve 4
by threads or otherwise the other end of the push spindle being fitted to the
hand wheel 2. All other details are the same as described for the top arm A in
Fig. 1.
By this device the automatic valve 4 can be brought to its seat 8 by the hand
wheel and the spring compressed to clear any incrustation from it and moved about
to clear its seatings.
The hole or passage clearer may be fitted to this as shown in lower arm B
Fig. 1.
:
Figure 3 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge showing our invention applied thereto 1* is the screw valve & spindle having
the clearer 1 solid upon its end and screws up to the valve seat 10x by a double
thread screw actuated by a handle 2 so that it may be closed by a half turn only
of the handle which will thus avoid the hand wheel above it. This acts indepen-
dently from the automatic valve 4.
In this device the hollow valve seat 6 spring 5 and automatic valve 4 and its
attachments 2. 2× 6ª and 6° is arranged over the screw shut off valve the seating 8*
nakes joint upon the seating in the arm of the gauge. The top arm A is precisely
the same as the bottom reversed.
The action of the automatic valve and its attachments are precisely the same as
hereinbefore described for the top arm A of Fig. 1. To enable the automatic
valve 4 and seating 6 to be taken out for cleaning or repairing with the full
pressure of steam in the boiler and without removing any parts of the gauge the
Screw valve 1 is shut by the handle 2 the hollow valve seating and its attachments
are then unscrewed from the arm B a solid duplicate plug is screwed in and the
gauge worked as a non-automatic water gauge.
,
Figure 4 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge showing a loose automatic ball valve 4 detached from the straight end of
spring 5 placed within a chamber 13 over the screw shut off valve 1x through the
front of gauge arm before the hollow loose valve seat 6 is screwed in or it may be
put in and taken out through a screw plug hole made in the sides or top of the
gauge arm when the ball valve 4 is open it rests upon the inclined plane 12
immediately below the loose valve seat but upon the back pressure from the
boiler when the gauge glass is broken the ball valve 4 is driven up the inclined
plane and forced against the cupped end 4* fitted on the straight end of spiral
spring. 5 and compresses the spring automatically closing upon seat 8. shutting
gauge off from the boiler as shown by the dotted lines. The action of the spiral
spring 5 and its attachments which are not shown are precisely as hereinbefore
described for the arm A. Fig. 1. In the event of the ball valve 4 becoming fixed
or choked in the seat it can be set free by the push or indicating spindle.
The automatic valve 4 may be attached to the spring 5 or the automatic valve

page_text: "
may be loose without a spring but in either case the indicating push spindle and
signal device must be employed or the loose valve seat and spiral spring may be
dispensed with; the automatic ball valve 4 being placed in position through the
screw orifice made in the side of arm B. Any of those devices. may be arranged
sideways or in any required position to the screw shut off valve and hole cleaner.
The top arm A is precisely the same as this bottom one reversed.
.
11 is a mud or sediment chamber blown out by cock C shown broken off.
It will be seen by this device that the automatic ball valve 4 is drawn away from
its closing seat when testing or blowing the gauge through this is a new method
and an important one when the automatic valve is between the boiler and gauge
glass. We mean when the automatic valve is not immediately under the gauge
glass.
Figure. 5 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge showing the automatic valve 4 at the free end of a fixed flat horizontal
spring. The spring is fixed to the hollow cover E by the shank or stud 5* made
solid with the spring and its screw nut 3* the said hollow cover is fixed to the front
of gauge arm B with the screws 14 shown in the sectional plan by Fig. 6 on the
line A. B of Fig. 5. The automatic valve 4 is shown to have a certain distance to
move up and down between the spring 5 and the pin 4 fitted in valve shank to
admit of it being moved by the cam stud 4" fitted in the screw valve spindle 1x by
turning the hand wheel 2 brings the cam stud-4B under the shank of the automatic
valve 4 lifts.it and clears it and the spring of any corrosion or sediment. 7* gland
screw for screw valve spindle. The mode of action is as follows when the gauge
glass is broken the automatic valve & spring is lifted by the pressure on to the
seat 8 and shuts the gauge off from the boiler. After the gauge glass has been
replaced the screw valve 1x is shut and the blow through cock C is opened to let
the pressure out from under the automatic valve, the spring 5 then draws the
automatic valve 4 from its seat automatically, the shut off valve is opened and the
blow through cock closed. The gauge is then in action again. 9* water passage
11 sediment
-kept clear by the scraper 1 being revolved by the hand wheel 2.
. chamber cleared out by opening cock C shown broken off.
The automatic valve and its spring may be very easily removed by taking out
the two screws 14.
Figure 7 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge showing the automatic valve 4 fitted to the free end of the vertical flat
spring 5 fixed to vertical chamber E by the nut 3* the chamber with spring and
valve being simply screwed into the top of gauge. arm B as shown, the indicating
push spindle 7 is passed through the hollow valve seat 6 and screwed into the
spherical face of automatic valve 4 or separate from it the hollow valve seat and
its attachments not shown are similar to those described for Figs. 1 & 3 and the
action and manipulation will be readily understood from the before given
descriptions.
!
Figure 8 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge showing in this case the shut off cock plug 3 arranged in the sediment
chamber 11 with the passage cleaner 1 passing through the same.
The automatic,
valve. 4 and spring 5 being similar to Fig. 5. fitted into the hollow screwed
chamber E. screwed into the front of gauge arm B the shank of the automatic
valve 4 strikes against the bracket 15 and clears it of any corrosion or the like
after it is released from its seat 8 after a broken gauge glass has been replaced and
blowing the gauge through operates the same. It will be observed the shank of,
valve can move sideways and the valve can travel up some distance before the'
spring comes into action when the glass breaks. When it is required to shut the
plug cock 3 the hole clearer 1 by its handle 2 is drawn out of packing box & gland
by releasing the piu 1 from the side, of gauge arm. It may be replaced when
required.
The blow through cock C is opened before the hole clearer is drawn clear of the
cock plug 3 this figure will be understood without further description.

page_text: :
Figure 9 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge showing the automatic valve 4 push and indicating spindle 7 connected to a
flat, circular or disc form of spring 5 corrugated or not faced with a disc 54 of
elastic material to prevent the spring disc 5 rusting and to make a joint at the end.
of hollow valve seat 6 to prevent leakage of the water or steam from boiler 5°
lock nuts to fix the disc spring 5 and elastic disc 5 to indicating push spindle 7.
The male threaded end of the push spindle guide 16 screws into the threaded end'.
of flange made upon the hollow valve seat 6 and holds the spring disc 5 and the
elastic disc 5 in position and makes the joint also. The boss upon the hand
wheel 2 fits upon the boss on the push spindle guide 16 indicating at a glance
whether the automatic valve 4 be open or closed. The mode of action being.
precisely the same as described for the top arm A of Fig. 1 further description is
not required. The screw shut off valve 1x and its hole clearer 1 and handle 2 mud
chamber 11 blow throw cock C are shown under the loose double, seated
horizontal valve chamber 6 as shown by Fig. 3 the mode of action being
the same.
The automatic valve 4 may be a ball loose from its spindle as shown by Figure 4
or it may have partial movement upon the spindle 7 as shown by Figures 5 and 8
upon the flat spring ends.
.:
Figure 10 is a front elevation partly in section of the lower arm B and B* of a
water gauge and Fig. 11 plan of the same with part of the screw shut off valve
spindle and hand wheel broken off. The screw shut off valve and hole clearer are
shown in dotted lines. In this case the automatic valve 4 and the indicating push
spindle 7 and the disc form of spring 5 fitted to the end of socket 16x by the push
spindle guide nut 16 is screwed on to the gauge arm B as shown at 17 the indicating
push spindle is fitted with a packing box 18 and screw packing gland 7° screwed"
into the bottom part of the gauge arm B to prevent leakage of water or steam.
from the boiler. The disc spring 5 is fixed to the push spindle 7 by the boss of:
the hand wheel 2 which is screwed on to the end of the push spindle and the lock
nut 5. The action of this device is the reverse of the action of device as shown'
by the last Figure 9. When the gauge glass breaks the pressure from the boiler
or the like lifts the automatic valve and spring disc 5 to its seat 8 under the gauge
glass. After the broken gauge glass has been replaced the screw valve 1* which
in this case is arranged sideways on to the arm B of the gauge is shut and the
blow through cock C is opened to let the pressure out of the gauge arm, the disc.
spring draws the automatic valve 4 from its seat automatically as described for.
Fig. 5 of the annexed drawings or the valve may be removed from its seat by the
hand wheel 2.
The space between the handwheel 2 and the face of nut 16 indicates the position"
of the automatic valve open or closed. The mud chamber 11 with the screw shut
off valve 1 and the clearer 1 with boss for blow through cock are combined in the
arm B* made upon the side of the glass gauge arm B. 10° water passage from
arm B* into the arin B. 10 water passage from the arm B into the gauge glass.
Figure 12 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the lower arm B of a water
gauge fitted with a device to dispense with the packing box round the indicating.
push valve spindle 7. "The automatic valve 4 is made solid with the indicating
push valve spindle 7 a conical valve 7 is also made upon the push spindle fitting
into the seating 7b formed in the screw plug 7 the spiral spring 5 is fitted upon the
spindle 7 and into the spring chamber 7 made in the underside of screw plug 7°
the spring bearing upon the end of its chamber and upon the boss of handle 2
holds the valve 7 to its seat as well as the pressure in the boiler. After the
spring 5 is placed upon the push spindle 7 the handle 2 is fixed on the said spindle
by a pin or other device.
When the whole is fitted together the plug 7 is screwed into the gauge arm B
under the gauge glass. When the automatic valve 4 closes upon its seat 8 under
the gauge glass it compresses the spring 5. The slight leakage round the spindle
when the conical valve 7 is away from its seat will act as a signal to the attendant
B

page_text: that the gauge glass is broken. The stop valves or cocks next the boiler are then
shut and stop the leakage. This slight leakage will be an indicating device to
show if the automatic valves are open or closed as well as the distance between the
top of boss of handle 2 and the underside of the screw plug 7. The automatic
valve 4 can be pressed on to its seat and taken off or turned by its handle 2. This
simple device can be taken from the gauge arm without removing any parts of
gauge. This device may be applied to the top arm A and may be fitted with our
loose double seated valve chamber or box and its attachments hereinafter shown by
Figure 19.
Figure 12 is a side elevation partly in section of the top arm A of a water
gauge with a similar device to the last described for Figure 12 fitted over the top
end of the gauge glass. The spiral spring 5 in this case being fitted in the hollow
chamber of screw plug 7 and held in position by the washer and pin in 7° the
washer is pressed down upon the spring and the pin is passed. through the holes
made in the side of hollow chamber into the hole in the push spindle 7 and so
holds up the automatic valve 4 and its indicating push spindle. The mode of action
of this will be understood from those herein before described. This device may
also be applied to the bottom arm B and our loose automatic valve chamber and
its attachments shown by Fig. 19.
-
Figure 12 is side elevation partly in section of the top arm of a water gauge.
In this device there is a means of applying more or less tension to the springs of
the automatic valves from the exterior of the gauge. Also a device to enable the
steam and water passages to be cleaned out without removing the automatic valves
from the gauge arms. The hollow screw plug 7 is fitted with automatic valve 4
and push indicating spindle 7 with the additional valve, as shewn at 7" on Fig. 12ª
made upon it, fitting the valve seat, 7 on Fig. 124 at the end of screw plug 7 the
spring 5 Fig. 12 is placed in the hollow screw or chamber 7 Fig. 12 round
spindle 7 a cross handle not shewn, but similar in action to hand wheel shewn by 2
Fig. 19, is then put in position on the top of the spring and tightened down by the
nut 7 until the spring receives the tension required. The screw plug and its
attachments is screwed by its head into the arm A over the top. of the valve seat 8
formed over the gauge glass. The steam passage 9* is carried up the gauge arm A
over the top of the automatic valve 4 and its seat 8.
The mode of action will be understood by reference to the above Figure 124.
The cleaning passage is carried over the top of gauge glass by the tube 92. into
the steam passage 9x this passage can be fitted with the ordinary removable
screw 7 for the purpose of cleaning, as shown, or with the revolving hole clearer
described for Figure 8. The steam passes through the hole 10 in the valve seat 8
down & round the outside of the cleaning passage 9" to the gauge glass. 3ª shut
off cock plug next boiler.
Figure 13 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower.arm B and B of a
water gauge. The automatic valve 4, under its seat 8, is fixed to the straight end
of the closed spring 5 and the end of its indicating push spindle 7 hereinbefore
explained for Fig. 2 which is carried through the centre of the spring 5, the lower
end of the spring is fixed to the screw plug 18 by the screw 18*. The screw
plug 18 also formes a packing box for the spindle 7 with screw gland 7. The
action of this device is in reverse to Fig. 2 so will be understood without description.
10* water passage from the arm B on the side of arm B shown broken off into the
arm B. The arm B3* is fitted with screw stop valve, hole clearer & other parts as
in Figures 10 and 11.
Figure 14 is a side elevation partly in section of the top arm A of a water
gauge. This device shows our invention for preventing the automatic valve or its
spring becoming clogged from sediment or corrosion. The gauge arm A has fitted
through the side a screw plug 19 with a boss 19* made upon its end for carrying
the automatic valve and spindle and the spring 5 with washer, 19" fitted to the top
end of the automatic valve spindle to secure them in working position over the
automatic valve seat 8 made in the gauge arm over the gauge glass. the central
1.

page_text: spindle in the spring forms a guide to spring and valve. The screw plug 7° screwed
into the front of the gauge arm opposite the steam passage 9× is fitted with the
valve and spring cleaning cam spindle 19 with valve 7ª made upon it fitting into
the seat 7 in the screw plug 7° the cam 4 is turned round by its spindle 19 and
hand wheel 2. The end of cam spindle 19" may have the hole cleaning device
made upon
it and carried into the steam passage 9* with plug cock or screw.shut
off valve or without either of them. The hand wheel 2 being fitted on the spindle
close up to the face of screw plug 7 keeps valve 7" from moving off its seat, the
pressure also froin the boiler presses it to the seat there being no packing box
required. By turning the hand wheel 2 the cam or eccentric 4 is caused to put
pressure upon the end of the automatic valve spindle and washer 19" compressing
the spring and moving the valve and spindle each revolution of the cam spindle &
thus incrustation is removed from the spring and the valve spindle insuring the
automatic valves always being in working order without removing them from the
gauge. Without this device or the indicating push spindle or the automatic valve
signal spindle it is never known for certain whether the automatic valves are open
or closed blowing the gauge through is no certain evidence that the valves have not
closed after the blowing through.
Figure 15 is a side elevation partly in section of the top arm A of a water
gauge showing our automatic valve 4 suspended at the free end of a flat spring 5
or other form of spring may be used in our vertical double sealed chamber or valve
box 6 fitted into the top of gauge arm A over the gauge glass to its seat 8* on to
the seat 8 in the arm of gauge. The automatic valve may be fitted with our signal
spindle at 7 to indicate if the valve be open or shut the valve and spring may be
moved backwards & forwards by the spindle. The spindle is fixed to gauge arm
as shown by Fig: 18 hereinafter described. The automatic valve 4 and spring 5 is
put into its position from the bottom end of chamber and secured by the screwed
end 3* the end of chamber is then made steam tight by screw plug 7. The by
pass signal and equilibrium hole 7 patented in 1881 Number 2515 by one of us. is
used in all of our water gauges and safety valves for automatically shutting off in
case of breakage of the steam or water feed pipes in connection with steam boilers
or other purposes. The action of the automatic valve is the same as herein before
described the gauge arm is shown fitted with Baines Patent 2574/87 asbestos
packed cock the mode of connection to boiler is broken off.
Figure 16 is a side elevation partly in section of a part of the top arm A of a
water gauge showing our vertical double seated valve chamber 6 fitted into the
top gauge arm A its seat 8* fitting upon the seat 3 in the gauge arm the automatic
valve 4 is a ball in this case passed into the chamber through a hole made in the
side of the chamber. The projection 3 upon the ball valve is made to come up
above the level of the steam passage 9* its object being to ensure that when the
gauge glass is broken the rush of steam will strike the projection 3b and drive the
valve to its seat 8 inside the chamber, without the projection the valve will not act
from the fact of the valve being below the steam passage 9*. The steam is
admitted into the chamber from passage 9x by means of a series of small holes.
Our signal device showing the actual position of the said valve and whether the
gauge is working properly is applied at the dotted lines 7 78 hole to let steam out
and signal that the glass is broken.
Figure 16 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arın B of a water
gauge showing our vertical double seated valve chamber or box 6 fitted to the
underside of gauge arm. The blow through cock may be fitted to the head 6ª or
any other part of the gauge arm. The automatic ball valve is put into the
chamber in the manner described in last Figure 16 or through the blow off cock
hole if it is fitted to the head 6" and kept in its position under the valve seat 8 by
the pin 3° fitted across the chamber or box underneath the valve. The steam and
water passages 9* may be fitted with the revolving hole clearers or the usual
clearing screws shown taken out and the passages cleared by a rod, which can be
done without taking out the automatic valves or the bottom cock, this applies also to

page_text: Fig. 16 above. The automatic valve boxes can be simply taken out, with the
boiler in full steam, for inspection and cleaning without taking out the glass tube
or the bottom blow test cock and the passages from the boiler and thoroughfares-
of the gauge are unobstructed having the full area of the gauge.
Figure 17 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge showing our automatic valve and spring cleaning device applied with. a
screw shut off and blow thro' valve upon the one spindle 1x having the passage
clearer 1 and cam F combined with the same in one piece the screw thread on the
valve spindle in this design works in the thread made in the packing box head 18
shown broken off, the hand wheel 2 for revolving the same is not shown. The
shut off valve next the hole clearer 1 closes upon the seat 10x made in the gauge
arm, the blow through valve is shown closed upon the compound asbestos renewable
valve seat or washer F¹ fitted between the flange F2 and the end of the packing
box head 7× To blow the gauge out the valve is screwed off its compound
asbestos seat the water and steam pass out of the gauge down the passage F3 down
the waste pipe connected by the screw union F. The automatic valve 4 and its
spindle 5 washer 19ª and spring 5 fitted between washer and the box 19* made
on the side of the elongated plug 19 fitted through the opening made in. the side
of the gauge arın B and fixed to same by its flange F shown in dotted lines by
the screws 14. Every time the gauge is blown through the cam F compresses the
spring moving the automatic valve and spindle upwards and the steam through the
gauge glass and passage 10 presses them downwards and so automatically cleans
them no further description about the action is necessary having been hereinbefore
described.
Figure 17 is a side elevation of part of the lower arm B of a water gauge
partly in section and Figure 17B is a cross section on the line A. C. and
Figure 17 is a cross section on the line A. D. showing our improvements upon
the screw shut off valve water gauge illustrated and described in the before
mentioned Specification 2165/90 by Figures 21, 24 and 26. The automatic ball
valve 4 is put into the chamber 13 from the front of gauge arm subsequently
occupied by the loose double valve seat 6 but it can be inserted through an orifice
formed in the side of gauge arm and communicating with the chamber 13. In the
event of the ball valve 4 becoming fixed on the seat 8 as shown in the dotted lines
or the hole choked with fur it can be set free by the end of the clearer 1 at the
end of the screw shut off valve spindle 1x or by our new push indicating spindle
fitted through the centre of the screw shut off valve spindle to be described
hereinafter.
In some cases we make an inclined oval hole or chamber 13 in the passages of
the gauge arms next the boiler for the automatic valves 4 to rest in .and we make
valve stop F cast in the passage to come further down in front of the ball valves 4
shown by Fig. 17 so as to reduce the area exposed to the steam and water striking
the automatic valves and thus render them less sensitive when blowing the gauge
through. The loose double valve seat 6 is screwed in from the front of gauge arm
on to and making joint upon seat 8 in the gauge arm. The stop valve spindle
packing box and hand wheel is not shown. Fig. 17" is a sectional end view of the
loose valve seat 6 and valve spindle 1x on the line A. D. The remaining parts
and the action of the gauge will be understood from what has already been
described with reference to other illustrations herein.
Figure 18 is a side elevation partly in section of the top part of arm A of a
water gauge showing another form of our invention. A chamber 13× is cast in
the arm A over the gauge glass, the glass packing box is not shown, the passage 9*
from the boiler leads into the said chamber having the screw shut off valve seat
as shewn 10x Fig. 19 made at its end. The automatic valve seat 8 is also made
in the said chamber 13 with its passage 10 leading out of the same into the
chamber over or under the gauge glass.
The automatic valve 4 with its indicating push spindle 7 and the valve 7d upon
it are fitted to the seat 7' of screw plug 7" screwed into the front of gauge arm as

page_text: shown.
Is a by-pass hole.
The end of indicating spindle nay be fitted with
spring and handle as shown by Figures 12 and 128. This device is applied at the
dotted line at 7" Figure 16.
The action of this arrangement will be understood.
Figure 19 is a side elevation partly in section, of a top arm of a water gauge
showing our automatic valve fitted to the hollow-screw plug 6 with its attachments
the same as shown and described for Figure 12. The said screw-plug, or double
valve seat 6 is screwed into gauge arm A on to its seats 3 and 8x. The screw shut
off valve spindle 1* and the hole clearer may be used, with this device as shown or a
plug cock as at 3ª Fig. 12" can be employed.
The steam passage 9* from boiler is carried up the arm A through the passage 10
over the top of the automatic valve 4 and its seat 8. The screw shut off valve
spindle 1 may have a casing made round it as shown by 7 Fig. 12", fitted with a
removable screw 7x for the purpose of cleaning passage 9*. This description will
be sufficient for this figure.
Figure 20 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arm B of a water
gauge and shows another form of our invention.
The automatic valve 4 and its spindle 5* are fitted into the elongated slot F³,
made in the end of screw shut off valve spindle 1*, with a washer or collar 19"
fitted to the end of the spindle 5*. The valve 4 and collar 19" are held in place
central with seat 8 by the inside face of gauge arm 7 and the end of screw
packing box 18. The elongated slot Fs admits of the opening and the closing of
the screw shut of valve.
This arrangement is put together as follows:-The valve spindle is screwed
into its nut and packing box 18 being suitable packed, which is held in its place
by gland nut 7. The spindle 5* with valve 4 is then placed in slot F and secured
by the washer & pin 19.
The whole arrangement is then screwed into the front of the gauge arm, as
shown.
The handle 2 is made in one piece with the valve spindle 1* and is placed in a
vertical line with slot F so that by keeping the handle plumb down the front of
the gauge, the automatic valve 4 is known to be in its right position, of course
when the gauge is shut off from the boiler by the screw valve the position of the
automatic valve 4 is of no consequence.
The figure shows the gauge in operation and when a fracture of the glass takes
place the valve 4 at once closes on its seat S. The hole cleaner 1 is placed at the
end of screw shut off valve spindle. C blow through cock shown broken off. The
device for clearing valve spindle 5* is a projection fitted or cast in the arm
chamber as shown at A' by Figure 20" so that by turning the screw valve spindle
round the end of automatic valve spindle 5* and its washer 19* come in contact
with the stop or projection A' and so move the automatic valve and spindle in the
same manner as cam device hereinbefore described for the same object.
Figure 20 is a side elevation partly in section of a cock plug for automatic
water gauges and Fig. 20B is a cross section of same on the line A. B. showing
our invention applied thereto. The automatic valve is supported upon the hole or
passage cleaner 1 in the centre of cock plug 34 at the end of spindle A² fitting in
the shank of the cock plug 3* is revolved in the same manner by the cross
handle 2. The valve 7' upon the spindle A is kept to its seat 73 by the boss of
cross handle 2 and the nut at the end of spindle A². The pressure of steam and
water also presses it to the seat, no packing box being required. The automatic
valve 4 noving and cleaning device is shown in the cross section Figure 20º.
The spindle A, hole cleaner 1, and automatic valve 4, are all revolved together
by the cross handle 2. In doing so the end of the valve spindle 5* comes in contact
with the stop or cam A¹ and moves and cleans the automatic valve spindle
clearing the hole in boiler at the same time without moving the cock plug. The
cock plug is worked by the handle 2º. The plugs are fitted into the front of
gauge arms, or the sides, or over and under as desired. The cross handle 2 is

page_text: arranged so as to be vertical, as shown, when in action.
as described for last figure.
The action is the same
Figure 21 is a side elevation partly in section of an automatic screw shut off
valve water gauge showing our further improvements. The packing boxes and
hand wheels for shut off valve spindles are not shown. The gauge arms A and B
are fitted with the loose valve chambers 6, ball valves 4, hole clearer 1, which in
the top arm is shown on its side the reverse way to the bottom arm.
The
The improvements in the bottom arm are precisely the same as described for 17^
so need not be repeated here. In this class of gauge with ball or other valves 4 we
may remark that with ball or other valves in the steam and water passages next the
boiler we have found it very uncertain to know the position of the valves after
once blowing the gauge through without moving the hole-clearers 1 towards the
boiler so as to make sure that the valves are open, this having to be done each
time the gauge is blown out or tested, our several improvements are to obviate
this. One device has been described by Fig. 174, another device for the bottom
arm will hereinafter be described. We will now take the top arm A.
automatic ball valve 4 is shown in dotted lines lying on the mouth of water
passage 20 in the steam chamber 13 under the gauge arin A the top of ball being
about level with the bottom of steam passage 9x the passage 20 is connected to the
water space of boiler, to any depth required, by the auxiliary pipe F shown in
dotted lines with the flange F5 to the front of boiler, the upper end being
connected to gauge arm by the union nut F. Or by the alternative way of
fixing the auxiliary pipe F inside the boiler screwed, as shown, or fixed by other
suitable means into the gauge arın A. In consequence of the area of the blow
through cock or valve C being made of considerably less area than the gauge
glass the action of blowing the gauge through will not have a tendency to draw
the automatic valve on to its seat. More particularly so on account of the ball
lying below the bottom of passage 9*. When the gauge glass breaks there is a
much greater rush of steam and water which closes the lower valve, upon its seat
as shown in dotted lines, and the pressure of the steam & water, through either
arrangement of auxiliary pipe, lifts the upper ball valve into the front of the
steam passage 9* and closes it firmly upon the seat as shown.
A very important point with this gauge is the ease with which the glass can be
cleaned by passing water through it by means of the auxiliary pipe. This saves a
great deal of time, and the liability of breaking the glass is considerably less than
by blowing it through in the usual way to clean it.
To wash the glass out move the hole cleaner 1 in top arm forward to prevent
the ball valve 4 from closing upon its seat 8*, and shut the screw valve in the
bottom arm which opens the blow through at the same time.
Figure 22 is a side elevation partly in section of the top arm A of a water.
gauge with a plug cock, auxiliary pipe, and our indicating push spindle. A is the
gauge arm, 21 the orifice, in the side of arm, for inserting valve 4 into the
chamber 13, where it rests upon the water passage 20 leading into the water
pipe F 4.
When the automatic valve 4 is upon the seat 8, as shown in dotted
lines, from the glass breaking, or from any other cause it is indicated to the
engineer or attendant by the position of the hand wheel 2, shown in full lines when
the valve is away from its seat, and the gauge is working properly. The hand
wheel shown in dotted lines is the position when the arm is shut off from the
boiler. When the valve is driven to its seat it forces the indicating and push
spindle 7, of which the end is shown right through the seating 8, back to the
position shown by dotted lines, so by this indicating device there cannot be a false
height of water in the gauge glass to that in the boiler with the least possible care
or attention of the engineer or attendant. To release the valve from its seat press
the hand wheel back.
Figure 22 is a sectional side elevation of our compound push spindle and
indicating, devices without a packing box to indicating or push spindle. The
packing box. is somewhat dangerous for unskilled attendants as they are apt to

page_text: screw the gland up too tight and consequently fix the spindle causing it to become
useless.
The hollow screw plug 7" is fitted, with a spring 5 through the centre of which
passes the push or indicating spindle 7 with a valve 7" made upon it, fitted to the
seat 7b within the spring chamber or hollow screw plug. 18 is a screw plug fitting
into the outer screw plug 7 for the purpose of holding the spring and valve spindle
in position. The hand wheel 2 is fixed to spindle 7, by pin 2*, and its boss fits
close to the face of screw plug 18. This is a fixed position, and unlike the device
last illustrated, Fig. 22, of which, in screwing up the packing, the face of the gland:
leaves the face of the boss of the hand wheel, and it becomes a matter of judgement, .
or guess work, as to the actual position of the automatic valve. 6ª is a head to
screw the screw-plug, with spring chamber, in and out of the gauge arm.
We have another automatic indicating device to show if the automatic valves
are open or shut and whether the gauge is working properly, superior to those
already discribed, which indicates by a small jet of steam or water passing out of the.
gauge arm by a by-pass hole as at 75x Fig. 224. The steam passing out of this
little hole makes a hissing noise which further calls attention that the valves
are shut.
The way we arrange this steam signal device is as follows:-We take the
construction as shown at Fig. 224 and screw it into the gauge arm Fig. 22, in place
of the packing box arrangement already described and there illustrated. Now,
under these conditions, the automatic ball valve 4 in closing upon its seat pushes
the spindle 7, Fig. 22ª, outwards consequently opens the valve 7%, on the said
spindle, from its seat 7b and the steam, which is admitted in the chamber 13*,
Fig. 22, by the little by-pass hole 78, passes through the open valve 7" Fig. 22ª,
into the spring chamber and out, by the by-pass hole 7** made at the end of the
spring chamber or in any other part desired in front of the gauge arm.
This steam device may be used when the spindle moves inwards with the
automatic valve solid upon its spindle, either with a spring or without one as
Fig. 18.
With this steam device used in combination with the push spindle having the
valve upon it, it is almost impossible for a false indication of the water in the boiler
to be shown in the gauge glass, by the valves taking their seats, without attracting
attention. This arrangement quite, overcomes the great draw back to automatic
valves whether controulled or uncontroulled. It can also be applied to the indicating
push spindles when the spindles pass through the centre of the screw valve spindle.
or any other form of moveable valve or plug cock spindles or shanks with the
automatic valve and hole clearer in one piece, or the automatic valves loose from,
their spindles may be used horizontally vertically or in any position.
We use with the push indicating spindle having a packing box, a pointed'
indicator attached to any part of the gauge, or elsewhere, and a mark or projection
on the push spindle so placed that when the,two coincide, the push spindle is in its
right position and the automatic valves are not closed.
Figure 23 is a side elevation partly in section of the lower arin B of a water
gauge, showing our invention in another form. In this case the automatic ball
valve 4 lifts vertically to the seat 8 under the gauge glass, while the moveable
hollow double seated chamber 6 lies horizontally screwed in from the front of the
gauge arm to its seat 8*. The water enters the gauge arim from boiler at the
passage 9* next the flange D into the sediment chamber 11, shown in dotted lines,
under the cock plug 3, then up the passage 9* through cock, shown in dotted lines,
then through passage 10 into the hollow valve seat 6. The ball valve is placed in
its position through the screw hole in under side of hollow seat 6; the cup at the
end of the screw plug F, to support the valve 4, is screwed in and out by the
square hole 22 recessed in the plug. This device has the simplicity of others
herein before described for cleaning and the like. The cock plug 3, from its
position, as shown in dotted lines, can not become cut by sediment as is the case
in the old systems, and it can be shut off without interfering with the hole cleaner I.
****
+

page_text: which is manipulated by the hand wheel 2. As the hole cleaner' can be turned
when the boiler is under steam it always insures the water passage being perfectly
clear, thus obviating the great danger in having a false indication of water in the
gauge by the passages becoming choked with incrustation.
This design of gauge can have the automatic valves arranged otherwise than
shown. It is reversed for the top arm A.
Figure 23 is a side elevation of the bottom arm of a water gauge B showing
part of our invention applied to same, the plug cock 3" in this case is fitted between
the hole or passage cleaner and the under side of gauge glass, to enable the gauge
to be brought closer to the boiler front which is most advantageous to locomotives,
steam fire engines and other purposes. The plug is shown, asbestos packed, in
dotted lines. It may have the automatic valve fitted between the plug cock and
gauge glass, as shown in Figure 23, or it could be upon the hole cleaner, or loose
in the passage as shown by Figure 21, or sideways as in Figures 10 and 11 with any
of the push spindle indicating devices without the screw shut-off valve. The nut 7×
screws up to the face of valve as in 7 Fig. 23 upon the hole clearer spindle and
keeps it up to the valve seat as in 7 Fig. 23 without any packing being used.
C. blow through cock shown broken off. 11 mud or sediment space shown in dotted
lines. The last two designs are very suitable for steam ships inaking long voyages
or any boilers working long shifts that cannot stop for cleaning.
The reason we are particular to press the hole or psssage cleaner into all our
designs is that one of us invented and patented it in 1860 Number 862 then knowing
the great importance of being able to clean the passages under steam.
Figure 23 is a side elevation partly in section showing our valve cleaning device
and valve spindle without a packing box fitted to a horizontal loose valve chamber
to screw into the front of the gauge arm the same as shown by Fig. 23. The
automatic valve in this instance is a three winged one carried upon the end of
screw plug 22. By turning the spindle 19b by the hand wheel 2 the cam 4b made
upon the said spindle, moves valve 4 and cleans it, preventing it from sticking in
its guide hole, the rest of the parts and their action will be understood.
Figure 24 is a side elevation partly in section of lower arm of a water gauge,
showing our further improvements upon the automatic valve and hole or passage
cleaner for water gauge as illustrated and described in the before mentioned
Specification 2165/90 by Figures 18. 19 and 20.
This gauge is so constructed that the auxiliary pipe and passages are dispensed
with, to retain the undiminished area of the gauge and to ensure a clear
thoroughfare to the glass tube. On account of the blow through passage being
of very considerably less area, blowing the gauge through will only slightly effect
the automatic valves.
We form a chamber A' a suitable distance up the screw shut off valve spindle 1*.
from the valve, and make on the sliding and rotating automatic valve and hole
clearer spindle A2 a collar or piston A° to fit the chamber A, with suitable packing.
for the same.
The spindle A, by means of which the hole clearer 1 and automatic valve 4-is
turned round, is continued through the shank of the stop valve spindle which is
connected to the large hand wheel within which a packing box A³ is formed,
fitted with screw gland 7 and through this the spindle A is revolved by the small
hand wheel 2 fixed to the spindle by pin 2x. The indicating device is shown with
the packing gland, but we prefer the device described and illustrated by Fig. 224
for this arrangement.
The valve spindle A is provided with a central passage A and vertical
passage A communicating with the inside of chamber A on the opposite side
of the piston A whereby both sides of the piston are in direct communication with
the boiler which arrangement partially balances the automatic valves and facilitates
the ensy opening of the same.. The automatic valves and passages being large are
intended for the largest class of marine or land boilers. The blow through cock
and mode of connection to boiler are shown broken off and no further description is
:
.

page_text: necessary. In some cases we have the automatic valve spindle separated from the
piston A and the valve with hole clearer revolved by the device illustrated by
Figures 25 and 25³. The arm reversed is used for the top gauge. Note when the
automatic valve is detached from the spindle or springs it is an uncontroled valve
and when attached to either it is controled. We apply the same principle to stop
valves and automatic valves for steam pipes and blow off cocks and gauge cocks for
boilers.
Figure 24 is a side elevation partly in section of a loose treble valve seated
chamber, showing our invention last described with its automatic valve 4 inside a
loose valve chainber 6 its action being the reverse way to the last described. This
valve is drawn off its seat.8 while in the former the valve 4 has to be pressed off its
seat. The seating 6 is screwed into the front of gauge arm by the nuts 60 and 6
as shown in Figure 24 on to seat 8* and making joint upon seat 3 in the gunge
arm. When it is required to shut the gauge off from boiler the valve.at the end of.
screw spindle 1* is screwed on to seat 10*. 6c lock nut is to make joint against the
front of the gauge arm after the seat has been fixed in its place. The other details
need no repeating.
Figure 25 is a side elevation partly in section of a water gauge arm showing our,
invention. The, treble; seated removeable valve scat is fitted with a balanced
automatic valve and hole clearer separate from the screw shut off valve spindle, the
automatic valve and hole clearer is revolved by the interlocking ends between the
two valves and the end of the automatic valve opening and indicating spindle. . All
the, other parts being broken away have been illustrated and described before.
Figure 25 is a cross section through the line A. B. Gauge arm B. Fig. 25.
6 removeable valve seat fitted to its seats 8*. Lock nut 6° to make joint in front
of gauge arm, shut off valve and spindle 1* fork end As made at the end of said
valve seat fitting on to the male end A8 made on the end of the balanced, automatic
valve 4, the hole clearer made on each side of the male end. The hole clearer 1,is
made at the other end of valve 4 having four ribs 1 like a wing valve to act as a
guide to the automatic valve and sliding in the water passage 9× of the gauge arm
next boiler. 13 chamber for the automatic valve to be placed in before the loose
valve seat is screwed into the gauge arm. Spindle 7 is for the purpose of removing
and indicating the automatic valve when closed and is fitted through the centre of
the screw shut off valve 1*. The valve spindle may have the additional valve
upon it for blow through as shown at Figure 17 but we should preferably use it.in,
our new position to draw the automatic valve away from its seat as shown. by
Figure 22. To prevent the automatic valve closing by the rolling or pitching of
a ship or by vibration of a locomotive in motion, when used for marine or
locomotive boilers, it is fitted with a spring into the fork A over the end of. push
or indicating spindle against the male end of the automatic valve. If desired in
addition to the push or indicating spindle an additional spring may be used.
Figure 25 is a side elevation partly in section of the bottom arm of a water
gauge, showing all our above devices applied to a gauge arm with the screw shut,
off valve, and the automatic valve seats made solid in the gauge arm, and the gauge
arm-made to screw into seatings fixed to the boiler front by lock nuts as shown by.
Figure 27. The stop valve spindle packing box and indicating device is shown,
broken off. B gauge arm screwed into the seating B* fixed to the boiler front the
hand shut off valve and automatic valve seats 8 and 10 are made solid with the
The valves with their interlocking fork ends the push spindle and automatic
valve indicating attachments and hole clearers are precisely the same as described.
for the former Figure 25 so need no repeating. In this design the gauge glass
must be taken out to unscrew the arms to do any repairs to the valves. F* gauge
blow off pipe. The four ribs may be made in the passage 9* in the boiler seat
and the end of automatic valve made round to fit the same, the whole arrangement
of valves and their attachments may be worked in a vertical position. The arms
to carry the glass tube are made upon the side of the valve boxes as illustrated by
Figures. 10 and 11 and the hole clearers carried in the steam and water passages
arm.
C

page_text: over and under the valve boxes as shown by Figures 23 and 23. Ball or other
form of valves may be used with the push spindle and indicating device, only over
the valves, with these devices it is impossible for the lower automatic valve, with
the glass empty or not, to be kept to its seat by the pressure of the preponderating
column of water over and above that in the upper or steam arm whatever size or
description of valve be used, and so give a false indication of the water level in the
boiler. Whatever weight or form of valves used they are liable from several
causes to be kept to their seats if there is no device to prevent it, and when they
are upon the seats our device indicates it immediately..
Figure 26 is a side elevation partly in section of a water gauge arm, gauge, or
other cock, or tap, showing the removable treble seated valve seating and valves,
all other parts shown broken away.
The said figure is the arm of a water gauge showing how our
our invention may be
applied in many useful ways by the descriptions to follow. We will take it first
as the top half of a water gauge, which may be used either automatically or non-
automatically in one and the same gauge, and can be instantly changed to either
under steam. As shown it is working automatically without any indicating device.
The arm A is fitted with the treble valve seating 6, screw shut off valve &
spindle 1 which fits upon seat 10* when shut, A' spindle with valve 4 and
scraper 1 upon it shown closed to its seat 8 the reverse way to screw shut off valve
The spindle A2 passes through the centre of the screw shut off valve
spindle 1. By-pass holes 78 through valve are made to any number required by
the user of the gauge. The end of the spindles and attachments are illustrated
above by Fig. 24 and described. When required the valve 4 can be opened to
have the full area of the gauge in blowing through, or it can be left open, if
desired, to close when the glass breaks. The lower arm is fitted with any of our
automatic valve devices and any of our automatic valve opening and indicating
when closed devices herein described.
scat.
When the glass breaks the screw shut off valve is closed to shut off the signal
steam until new glass is put in. For the gauge to operate automatically or non-
automatically take the top arm, as shown, to be working non-automatically with one
or more holes 78 through it The bottom arm is precisely the same in principle
with its valve 4 held from its seat by a pin or any other device fitted through holes
made in the shut off valve spindle 1x and the spindle of valve 4 between the large
hand wheel 2 and gland nut 6ª Fig. 24 shown in dotted lines, this pin can be secured
from being lost by a chain to any part of the gauge, should the glass break the
gauge is closed to boiler by hand in the usual way by the screw shut off valves-
retaining the pin in its position. To make it into an automatic gauge it is simply
necessary to take the pin out of the spindles and to press open the valves 4 in top
and bottom arms by the small hand wheel. The hand shut off valves or cocks are
dispensed with, one or more by-pass holes are made in the valves as shown so that
when the automatic valve 4 is closed, it lets the steam from the boiler pass into a
chamber made in the gauge arm between the automatic valve spindle and hole
clearer and the top of gauge glass. The passage in the chamber.is closed to boiler
by a screw valve at the side of gauge arm, when required. This device of shut off
valve is illustrated and described in the before mentioned Specification 2165/90 by.
Fig. 7. The gauge can be made non automatic by fixing the spindles at the bottom
as already described.
The said gauge can operate non-automatically without any other shut off valve
between the boiler and gauge than the two valves acting upon the pull and push
action.
:
The pressure behind them will keep them up to their seats.
When the gauge,
glass breaks those valves will only require the slightest pressure to close them
because the spindle packing glands are screwed up tightly so that they can only
just be moved backwards and forwards, but the blowing through does not affect
them. By means of the pin device or the spindles, which may be fitted with screw
action, these valves may be kept open very much more easily than plug cocks,

page_text: particularly should the latter be asbestos packed and
and the operator protected from being scalded in case of a glass breaking. Either
action may be fitted with the additional screw shut off valves and all the above
devices may be applied to Fig. 25B that have been described in regard to Figure 26.
The above devices are used without the screw shut off valves and without the holes
through the automatic valves upon the sliding spindles for gauge cocks, blow off
cocks, or the like.
Fig. 27 is a side elevation in section of the lower arm of a water gauge and
Fig. 27 is a plan taken on the line A. C. of elastic ferrule and screw clip..
The hand wheels and packing boxes with gland nuts are shown broken off but
are the same as those illustrated in the Figure 24. The blow through cock is also
shown broken off. In this arm B we carry the loose valve seat 6 right through the
tail end of the gauge arm into the boiler, with valve seat 8 at its end for the
automatic valve 4 to fit upon, the hole clearer 1 is made upon each side of valve
spindle A. The collar or piston A is made upon the valve spindle and works in
chamber A made in the shut off valve spindle 1*. In the said chamber we fit the
spiral spring 5, between the collar A' and the end of the chamber its object being,
firstly, to balance the automatic valve and secondly to act for the spring at the
end of the automatic valve spindle for our indicating device to show when the valve
is open or shut. As already stated, the hand wheels and packing boxes, with gland
nuts, of this Figure 27 are similar in construction to those of Figure 24. For
general work, we, prefer to, substitute our steam signal device as illustrated by
Figure 22 in place of the screw gland nut & packing box of the large hand wheel,
the spindle 7 in Fig. 224, in this case, is prolonged and becomes identical with the
end of spindle A² Fig. 27. A central passage is bored through the valve 4 and
continued up the centre of the spindle A, as shown in dotted lines Fig. 27, to the
spring box A having a small by-pass hole A' opening into the spring chamber A
The steam so addmitted into the spring box or chamber A passes right round and
along spindle A2 until it arrives at the valve 7, in the arrangement as shown at
Fig. 22, and consequently when this valve leaves its seat, 7b, steam is at once
passed out of the signal by-pass hole 7**.
Cx, Fig. 27, is an elastic ferrule for holding the gauge glass 5b, this ferrule is
held in its position, on the projection E* of the gauge arm, by the screw clip D*.
Grooves F, or the like, are made upon the projection Ex to prevent the elastic
ferrule from slipping or working off from its position by vibration or other cause,
the screw clip D* presses the elastic material of the ferrule into the grooves and so
holds it firmly in its place.
We apply this arrangement of ferrules and clips to any ordinary water gauge,
now made, to facilitate the method of replacing a glass, whereby a great saving in
time is effected, and the danger of cutting and burning the hands is avoided which
so frequently the case when putting in a new glass with the old system of packing
boxes and glands.
This arrangement enables the length of the gauge glass to be taken much more
readily.
The following Figures 273 27" and 27 show the system applied to old gauge
arms.
Figure 27 is a drawing of details in section of the invention. Ex shows the old
system of packing box, broken off from gauge arm. C the new elastic ferrule,
with flange made at its lower end, and held upon the end of packing box Ex by the
usual gland nut Gx. The gauge glass 5b is then held tight in the elastic ferrule by
the screw clip D*. The screw clip is shown by Fig. 27 in plan. It will be
observed by this device there is no broken glass or packing ring to be cleaned out
of the packing box when the glass breaks, which takes up so much time and
involves danger in cutting and burning the hands. To replace the glass simply
unscrew the nuts G* and clips Dx, put them on a new glass, and fix it in its position
which is done in three minutes as against 15 to 20 minutes, the time generally taken
to replace a glass by the old systems. Should the elastic ferrules on the broken

page_text: :
1
"
1
glass be fit for use again, the broken glass is easily pressed out of them. It would
save a little time by having duplicate nuts and clips ready with a new glass and
ferrules.
Figure 27 shows in details the section of another device, simpler than the last
one, Ex old packing box with its packing ring J*, and the india rubber packing"
rings K, a metal tube 5bx fitting into the packing box, in place of the end of the
glass tube 5, with its end projecting above the top of the gland nut G*, for the
reception of the plain elastic ferrule or tube Cx. The end of gauge glass 5 is
fitted in ferrule over the metal tube, the screw clip D* then fixes and makes a joint
for the glass and metal tubes, in this case when the glass breaks there is only the
"screw clips' and ferrules to take off. The metal tubes remaining a fixture in the old
packing box screwed up tight by the old nuts, and rings as shewn.
Figure 27" shows partly in section, another device dispensing with the metal
tube, metal packing ring, and the rubber packing rings. Ex is old packing box
fitted with nut G having a projection made upon its top face to receive the elastic
ferrule Cx. The gauge glass 5 fits in the ferrule and the two are fixed by the
clip D*. A saw cut is made in the clip up to the screw lugs to give the clip a
yielding tendency to suit the diameter of the glass tube should new glasses vary a
little in size.
Figure 27 is a side sectional elevation of a water gauge glass packing box,
shown broken off from the guage arm, and Figure 27 is a plau half in section.
taken on a line A. E. showing another device to replace a broken gauge glass.
Ex packing box, GX its nut. Jx packing ring. 5b gauge glass. K* india rubber
packing rings the lower one fitting the bottom of the packing box below the end of
gauge glass and below the bottom of slot M* made in the side of packing box.
The glass with all its attachments, for top and bottom is passed into the packing
box sideways. Then the nut Nx is screwed down on to its scating as shown,
covering up the slot M* and packing rings to the depth of the said nut. The
packing ring J* and nut G* are screwed down as usual upon the rubber rings,
covering up the top end of slot. The broken glass, in this case, will be driven out
through the slot M* sideways when all its attachments are taken off the packing
box.
Figure 27 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a detachable gauge glass
packing box and Figure 27" plan of the wedge clip, or coupling, and swivel bolt..
When the gauge glass breaks, the packing boxes, with the broken glass ends in,
can be almost instantly detached from the gauge arms by simply slackening one
nut half a turn in each top and bottom arm. H is the detachable packing box
fitted with the nut G*, packing ring J, and rubber ring K*. 1 is a coupling
having a recess turned out of its inner side to take the wedge-shaped ring, one half
of which is turned upon the gauge arm and the other half upon the packing box H,
as shown.
The wedge coupling opens and closes upon the pin Px, fitted in the joint P₁
made upon each half of the coupling. This coupling is firmly closed by means of
the swivel bolt and nut Ox. It will be seen that by simply slackening the nut Ox,
when a glass breaks, and then turning the swivel bolt out of the slot Po, made in
the lug next the nut, the coupling is free to be taken off and the packing box to be
removed.
Fig. 27 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a water gauge, with the boiler
shut off, and blow-through cocks, shown broken off, and Figure 27' is a plan of the
top arm showing this invention. An opening is made in the front of the top
arm A to allow the gauge glass to enter an alternative device, to Figures 27
and 27 being much simpler and less costly with its attachments upon the top end
of glass. This opening is closed by a tongue 50 which projects from the side of
flange 4° that makes joint on the front of gauge arm A by the screw 6º. The said
tongue 5° is made to fit the top of sliding packing box 1° and packing ring 3
to prevent the steam escaping down the threads of packing box 1º, the threads
inside the nut 20, and to-ensure a tight joint between the face of nut 2° and

page_text: "the face of gauge arm A. The rubber ring 3º also prevents the nut 20° from
unscrewing, from vibration, by its spring action, and the pressure of steam on
the top of the ring locks the nut and the spring action of the other rubber
rings K at lower end of the gauge glass makes the joint tight. The sliding
packing box is prevented from turning round, when screwing up the nut 2°, by
means of a stop pin or feather and groove not shown. The bottom of gauge
glass is held by its end upon the elastic packing ring K in the recess made
in screw plug 7° fitted into the gauge arm B. The packing ring K* in this
screw plug and in the upper sliding packing box 1° are protected from blowing
out by the shanks of the centre conical nipples 8%, made solid with the screw
plug 70 and the sliding packing box 1°. Tightening the nut 20 against the
underside of gauge arm A draws down the sliding packing box 1° and its packing
ring K* tight upon the end of gauge glass 5 and, by so doing, tightens the lower
end of the said glass upon its packing ring K* in the screw plug 7º. The glass is
80 made steam tight at both ends, by the one movement of nut 20, thus dispensing
with all gland nuts, and the like. To replace a glass, for despatch have a duplicate
screw plug and sliding packing box, clean out the packing etc. from the plug in
lower arm, and take out the tongue from top arm when the packing box will drop
out, then take the glass with attachments upon it, pass it in from the front and
lower it on to its packing ring, screw up the top attachments and the glass is ready
for work. C blow through cock broken off. It will be well understood that any of
the devices, for replacing and packing gauge glasses, herein illustrated and
described are applicable to æerated water cylinders, sight feed lubricators and
other use.
4
Figure 27 is a side elevation partly in section of a water gauge showing our
new blow through device in the lower arm B together with our auxiliary pipe F
fixed; inside the boiler, into the end of passage 20 of the gauge arm A: We also
show our new device for replacing gauge glasses, with much greater despatch and
safety than by the old systems, as shown and described for the last Figure 271
applied to screw'shut off valve water gauges. In this arrangement 27 the glass
must pass in at the side of the arm as shown by Figure 27. We shall only here
refer to the new parts of our invention that we could not show with Figure 21 of
the annexed drawings without confusion. 'Our new blow through passage 9° made
in the lower gauge arm B under the automatic ball valve 4 resting upon the two
ribs 10°, cast with the arm, to prevent the ball from being drawn into the passage 9°
when blowing the gauge out by the blow off cock C, shown in its new position
broken off. The end of blow off cock C is screwed into the boss 11° made next the
flauge D under the gauge arm. The passage, shown in dotted lines, in the boss 11°
leads into the passage 90. The mode of action is as follows with the gauge in full
work. No matter how suddenly the blow off cock is thrown open it will not draw
the automatic valves 4 to their seats in the top or bottom arms. The valve 4 is
trying to follow the water and steam through the passage 90 and is prevented by
the ribs 10°..
When the gauge glass breaks the lower valve 4 is instantly blown to its seat 8
as shown in dotted lines. The rest of this gauge has been described for Figure 21.
There is another advantage gained by having this old and new system of blow off
combined with the auxiliary pipe, and that is, the gauge glass can be blown through
with water by shutting the screw shut off valve in the bottom arm and putting
forward the hole clearer in the top arm, so that the automatic valve 4 cannot close
upon the seat, then open the old blow through valve over FX, shut the top valve
and open the bottom valve, when water only will be sent through glass by the
signal by-pass hole, not shown, into the boiler and will so wash the glass out. The
auxiliary pipe can be dispensed with, the ball 4 resting as shown on the passage 20
and the passage carried straight into the steam space of boiler with the passage 9*
over it, or the automatic valve may be used in the top arm without the steam
passages as shown, but arranged on the principle of the inclined plane, as shown, in
the bottom arm and having our new blow through and indicating device, which-we

page_text: consider will work very satisfactorily, using automatic valves in the top and bottom
arms with full bores of steam and water passages. Another device is to draw both
of the automatic valves 4 away from their seats 8 in blowing the gauge through.
The device for replacing glasses has been fully described in the last Figure 271
of the drawings. Any of the above devices may be used with any of the gauges,
herein described or may be applied to gauges not herein described or shown where
the objects are essentially the same, and they act substantially in the manner and
for the several purposes described.
Figure 28 is a side sectional elevation of a valve box fitted with automatic valve
and device to press or knock the automatic valve from its seat should it stick to
it, shown applied to a steam pipe. We apply our automatic valve for automatically
shutting off steam from the fracture of a steam pipe, similar to the fracture of, a
gauge glass, or any sudden outrush of steam from any other cause. 13 valve
chamber 4 automatic valve. 4 four ribs to guide the valve. 13* valve door to.
take the valve 4 out for cleaning or repairs without having to break any joints in,
the main steam pipes to get at the valve 4. 7 by-pass signal & equilibrium device.
When the stop valve which is shown broken off is gradually opened the steam
will enter into the chamber 13 by passage 9x and out by the valve 4 through the
seat 8, to the engine or to any other purpose for which the steam may be required..
The moment however, a sudden escape of steam takes place from the bursting of
the steam pipe, like the gauge glass or from any other cause the valve 4 closes to
its seat and is held closed by the pressure of the steam below it. If the valve 4
does not fall when the stop valve is opened, but sticks to its seat 8, the opening
device is used to press valve down or break the contact between it and its seat.
The cam 4 is brought to bear by the handle 2 upon the projection 4* made upon
the valve 4. 19b cam spindle. 7 packing gland for same 2x pin to prevent
handle moving off the square end of spindle. Any of our indicating devices that
the valve is shut or open, described for the water gauges, can be applied to this
form of valve.
Figure 29 is a side elevation partly in section of an automatic valve box showing
a spring to control the valve from being too sensitive as described for water gauges.
The spiral spring 5 is fitted between the end of valve 4. and the cross bar 48
made across the mouth of the steam pipe. The pipe. is increased in diameter for
whatever area the cross bar takes up.
Figure 30 is a side elevation partly in section of an automatic valve box showing
the spring to act the reverse way to the last described. 13 valve box... The valve
ribs 4 rest upon the four projections 4* cast in chamber the valve 4 is put in
position through the side door opening 13× made in the side of chamber shown in
section by Figure 28 the spring 5 is connected to the lower end of the automatic
valve 4 by the lugs 4 made under the valve ribs 4 by the pin 4 the lower end
of spring is connected to the bar 4* and held by the two flanges 4 bolted or
rivetted to the boiler sides 4. The spring opens the valve automatically when
the rush of steam is shut off by the stop valve, or other means, the mode of action
being similar to what has been described for the water gauges Fig. 13 and will be
sufficient description for this device.
Figure 31 is a side elevation partly in section shewing a screw shut off valve
fixed to boiler plate and automatic valve 4 fixed loosely to the free end of the flat
spring 5. The spring and valve 4 is fixed under the seat which is made upon the
under side of stop valve 4 bolted to the boiler plate as shewn. The spring and
valve 4 is held to the boiler plate by the bolts and nuts 4. The mode of action
is like that described for water gauges Figs. 5. 6. and 7 and last three figures.
The valve cleaning and indicating devices may be fitted to the last four figures.
A boss may be made on the under side of the screw shut off valve so that in closing
the same the said boss or projection opens the automatic shut off valve.
Figure 32 is a side elevation partly in section of an automatic balance valve.
This shows our invention in another form for steam pipes and the like. It may
be used in the steam pipe instead of the ordinary throttle valve and governor for

page_text: many purposes. 13 valve chamber, 9* inlet to chamber in which the steam passages
for the automatic valve are made in the body of chamber. The two balanced
automatic valves 4 slide freely by the action of the steam upon the spindle 4° fixed
to the top of chamber, the conical passages 4 through which the steam, or the
like, passes to the engine, or other purpose for which it may be required, round
the end of the lower valve 4, and the reverse way for the upper valve, through
the pipe 10. It will be seen that the pressure of the steam on the larger valve 4
tries to close it, whereas the pressure of the steam on the smaller valve 4 tries to
open it, so the valves float up and down on their spindle between the under side
of the large valve 4 and the collar 4*, cast solid with the valve socket. There is
fitted through the side of chamber the spindle and cam 7, for the purpose of
drawing the valves away from their seats 8 should they stick to them. The handles
fixed to the said spindle for operating the cams 7, there being one at each side of
the upright spindle socket, act as an indicating device showing the actual position
of the said valves in the saine way as our indicating device described for the water
gauge Fig. 20.
If the lower collar 4* were made to fit the under side of cam 7 the bandle
outside would move with the valves and so indicate their movements. The last
five devices are improvements upon the automatic valves for steam pipes as
illustrated and described in the before mentioned Specification 2165/90 by
Figures 35. 36. 37 and 43.
Figure 33 is a side elevation partly in section of a water, or the like, draw off
tap or bib valve cock, showing our spring device and automatic valve. The body
of valve box 23, valve seat 8, and tail end 24, are made in one piece. The front
end is made to receive a packing gland 7, the automatic clastic valve 4 is
constructed with an earthenware or the like marble or ball 25 of larger diameter
than the seating outlet 8, in order to prevent the pressure from blowing the
valve 4 through the seating outlet and so breaking the spring 5. The valve 4 is
fixed at the free end of the spring 5 which is fixed to screw plug 7 by the nut 3*
and then inserted into its position through screw plug hole on the top of valve
body 23 and fixed by the said screw plug.
The pressure of water, in chamber 13, from the supply, shuts the valve 4, as
shown by the dotted lines. The valve is opened by screwing or pressing forward
the spindle 7 by the handle 2, fixed to the spindle by pin 2*. When a screw is
used it must be a quick pitch so that when the handle 2 is let go the spring 5 and
valve 4 are pressed to the seat 8 automatically by the pressure of the water.
26 is the outlet. When used for low pressure the seating 8 is made further back
in the chamber 13 so that the spring 5 presses the elastic valve 4 to its seat tightly
and may be opened on the push principle. Either arrangement closes automatically
when no longer acted upon by the person drawing water or other fluid therefrom;
as it closes slowly no concussion, or reaction, takes place in the main or discharge
pipe, the valve being partially balanced for high pressure by the spring. This
arrangement facilitates the "easy opening of a large valve, or a valve under
considerable pressure, and is both cheap and durable.
Figure 34 is a side élevation in section of a water, or the like, draw off tap or
hib valve cock showing our spring device and the automatic elastic valve 4 loose
from spindle and spring. The valve 4 is constructed like the one in last figure.
The valve box body 23 valve seat 8 inlet tail end 24 outlet 26 and socket 16* for
disc spring 5 are made in one piece. The front end is fitted with disc spring 5 and
elastic washer 5 to protect spring from rust it is held in position by the push
spindle, 7, guide, 16, screwed into the socket 16*. O nut upon the spindle 7 to
hold the centre of spring and elastic washer against the collar Od upon spindle 7.
5* hollow cupped head to fit elastic valve 4. The elastic valve 4 is put into the
chamber 13 from the side screw plug hole Ox. The elastic automatic valve 4 is
shown closed, to open it pull handle 2, which moves the end O, made in one piece
with it, fitting against the push spindle 7 and moves the spring towards the valve 4

page_text: pressing the valve from its seat by the cupped end 5* made at the end of spindle 7.
This device answers for either high or low pressure. No packing. box is required
in this arrangement. () is an air hole." Our taps, valves, or cock, which
automatically and gradually close of themselves, when liberated from pressure of
hand or other force acting on the stem or spindle are upon the principle of our
devices for water gauges and automatic valves for steam pipes and the like.
We wish it to be understood that we do not limit ourselves to the use of the
particular forms of valves and gauge arms, or to the precise details of construction,
or arrangement, herein before described and illustrated by, the.. accompanying
drawings, any of the gauge arms may be reversed for top or bottom, with the same,,
devices in a controlled or an uncontrolled automatic valve solid with the spindle or
loose from it is used in the lower arm and a spring controlled automatic valve in
the top arm of the same water gauge and so on as pointed out in the last claim.
We hold ourselves at liberty to use valves of any known or suitable construction
and any arrangement of the several parts as fairly fall within the spirit and scope.
of our invention.
Having thus described, the nature of our invention, and in what manner' the
same is to be performed we claim
1st. The construction combination and arrangements of parts forming our
improvements in water gauges substantially as described, and illustrated by the,
drawing Fig. 1 for the purposes specified.
2nd. The automatic apparatus and its attachments consisting of, the automatic.
valve spring and spindle with loose double seated valve spring chamber arranged
over or sideways to it. Screw shut off valve and hole, cleaner as shown by Fig: 3
and the indicating device to show when the automatic. valves are open or shut and.,
whether the gauge is working properly and the double yalve seated chamber with
automatic valve and spring only. The automatic. ball valve.loose from the spring.
fitted in a chamber over the screw shut off valve and hole clearer and the loose
valve seat for carrying the spring its manipulating spindle and hand wheel, also the
automatic valve attached to the spring or the automatic valve used without a spring
with push spindle and indicating device and the same devices-made, sideways to the
screw shut off valve and hole cleaner all substantially as described and illustrated
by the Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings for the purposes specified..
3rd. The automatic valve applied at the free end of a flat spring or any other
form arranged over the screw shut off valve or sideways to. it, and, the automatic,
valve lifting device.
The automatic valve suspended at the free end of flat spring opposite the
end of loose horizontal valve chamber over the top or sideways to screw shut off
valve and hole clearer, the indicating rods separate from the. automatic valve or
attached to the valve and the automatic valve suspended at the free end of flat
spring in the vertical double seated chamber block or valve box over the top of
gauge glass and signal device and the valve applied at the free end of flat
spring arranged over the top or sideways to the plug cock and, removeable hole,
cleaner.
.
The device for holding or releasing the hole cleaner spindle, the cock plug
arranged in the sediment chamber and the general design of the water gauge.all
substantially as described and illustrated by the Figures 5. 6. 7. 8. and 15.of the
drawings for the purposes specified.
4th. The automatic valve and spindle connected to a flat circular disc, form of
spring corrugated or not, faced with elastic material to prevent corrosion fitted to
the loose double seated horizontal valve chamber over the top or sideways of the
screw shut off valve. The indicating device, the automatic valve. separate from
the, spindle fixed in the flat circular spring and the, automatic valve and spindle,
fitted to flat disc form of spring fitted to the end of socket screwed upon the gauge
arm. The automatic valve spindle with an additional valve, upon, it as shown by
'

page_text: Fig. 12 to dispense with the packing box, all substantially as described and
illustrated by the Figures 9. 10 and 11 of the drawings. for the purposes
specified.
5th. The push and automatic valve indicating spindle carried through the centre
of spring connected to the automatic valve which is a segment of a ball or any
other form of valve, fitted to a loose double seated valve chamber and the use of
it to any other form of seat for gauge cocks, taps, and valves and the above device
applied to a closed spring and its use for other cocks as above described as substan-
tially shown with reference to Figs. 2 and 13 of the drawings for the purposes
specified.
6th. Constructing and arranging and combining the parts of same to form
automatic water.gauges. First the valve and spindle with an additional valve made
upon the spindle fitting the valve seat made at the end of screw plug to avoid
having a packing box the automatic valve moving and indicating device. The
automatic valve and its spindle with the additional valve and spring fitted in a
chamber with moving handle over and under the arms of a water gauge. The
combination of the screw shut off valve and hole clearer with the automatic valve
and the valve chamber with the steam passages cast in them solid with the arm and
the indicating device with spring or without it. The combination of the automatic
valve and spindle with the additional valve and spring and indicating device fitted
in chamber over the automatic valve seat cast solid with the arm body over the
cleaning screw hole passage and the steam passages from boiler into the gauge arm
over and under the solid-seat and the above said chamber with the automatic valve
and its attachments fitted to the removeable valve chamber fitted into the top arm
of gauge over the screw shut off valve and hole clearer, and the steam passage
leading from the boiler into the removeable chamber all substantially as
described and illustrated by the Figures 12. 12 12 18. and 19 of the drawings
for the purposes specified.
7th. The automatic valve spring and automatic valves upon the spring and
automatic valve spindle cleaning device over the gauge glass and the above device
fitted to the screw plug hole in the top of gauge arm where the gauge glass is
put in.
•
The automatic valve and spindle with spring and its support fitted to the
bottom arm of gauge. The screw shut off and blow through valve spindle with
cam upon it for compressing the spring and lifting the automatic valve spindle to
clean them as substantially shown with reference to Figures: 14 and 17 of the
drawings.
•
8th. The double seated valve chambers and their conical or other form of
seatings in the gauge arms of a water gauge. The projection made upon the
automatic ball valve, the support for the automatic ball valve in the removeable
chamber in the lower arm. The automatic ball valve stop made solid with .the
gauge arms. The inclined oval passages made in the gauge arms as substantially
shown with reference to Figs. 16 16 17 17 and 17 of the drawings for the
purposes specified:
9th. The arrangement and combination of the screw shut off valve passage
cleaner with elongated slot hole in the shut off valve spindle to support the
automatic valve and spindle. The valve on revolving spindle made in one piece to
save packing box carried in the centre of the cock plug shank, the method of
cleaning the valve spindle, the method of holding the automatic valve and collar
central with the automatic valve seat under the gauge glass. The automatic valve
and its support and attachments without hole cleaner. The above devices applied
inside cock plugs fitted to water gauges to work in any position substantially as
described and illustrated by the Figs. 20. 20 and 20% of drawings for the purposes
specified.
10th. The automatic water gauges and. indicating apparatus consisting of the
various parts combined or not constructing and operating substantially as described
D

page_text: •
•
.
and illustrated and not illustrated in different forms by Figs. 21 and 27% of the
.drawings.
The same devices applied to other forms of water or fluid gauges not herein
described substantially in the manner and for the several purposes herein described.
11th. The application to water gauges of an improved, hollow screw plug, fitted
with a packing box and gland, screwed into the frout of the gauge arm-having an
indicating and push spindle. fitted with a hand wheel, to bear against packing
gland, and with a spiral spring passing round the spindle, within the hollow plug,
for the purpose of keeping the spindle from being blown out by the pressure of the
steam when. the glass is intact-the spindle projects beyond or flush with the
automatic valve seat so as to prevent the valve from taking its seat except when
the-glass breaks, herein described and illustrated by Figure 22. Or the push and
indicating spindle with a valve upon it and the spring chamber with its attachments
to obviate the necessity of having a. packing box and gland, described and
illustrated by Figure 224, and the combination with the above automatic signal
device, of the steam signal device as herein described and illustrated by Figures 22
and 22 The arrangement of a pointed indicator and a mark or projection on the
push-spindle as hereiu set forth in the description given for Figure 22ª.
All substantially as described and illustrated by Figures 22 and 22 for the
purposes specified.
12th. A water gauge constructed substantially as herein described and illus-
trated by Figs. 23 and 234 and the combination of the loose double seated valve
chamber with the automatic valve and the valve lifting knocking device
substantially as described and illustrated by Figure 23B of the drawings for the
purposes specified.
13th. A water gauge constructed substantially as herein described and illustrated
by Figures 24 and 24 of the drawings for the purposes specified.
14th. In a water gauge, the combination of the treble seated removeable valve
seat, the shut off valve with fork end the balanced.automatic valve with four
winged passage cleaner and valve guide with end to fit fork and spring between the
male end and the end of fork. The push and automatic indicating spindle fitted
through the centre. of shut off valve spindle or cock plug spindle connected to the
automatic valve or separate from it. The above devices with the double seats solid
in the gauge arms. The devices used in a vertical position as substantially shown
and described with reference to Figures 25 25 and 25 of the drawings.
15th. The construction and combination of parts with the removeable treble seat
valve chamber to each device described for each water gauge herein. The devices
applied to gauge cocks, blow off cocks and the like all substantially as described
and partly illustrated by Figure 26 of the drawings for the purposes specified.
16th. A water gauge constructed substantially as herein described and illustrated
by Figures 27 and 27, and for gauge cocks or the like. The improved packing
boxes for glass tubes of fluid gauges substantially as described and illustrated by
Figs. 27" 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 and 27 of the drawings for the purposes
specified.
•
17th. The construction and combination of the various parts of automatic shut
off valves to prevent the sudden and dangerous out rush of steam water or other
fluid, gas or air under pressure as from the fracture or bursting of the pipe. The
methods of indicating when the automatic valves are.closed to their seats with the
pipes not broken mechanically or by the steam or water device combined with
the by pass holes in the automatic valves or their seats or the like as described in
this Specification for the automatic water gauges. The methods of detaching the
automatic valves from their seats should they stick fast to the same. The devices
of automatic valves and the means of cleaning the springs and valves and their
spindles herein described in this Specification for automatic water gauges applied
to the above automatic shut off valves for pipes or the like. The application of
the above automatic valves to regulate the speed of steam engines or the like

page_text: instead of the ordinary governors and throttle valve all substantially as herein
described and in certain forms illustrated by Figures 28 to 32 of the drawings for
the purposes specified.
18th. The combination of the parts of taps, valves, or cocks the closing action
of the same to be automatic and preventing the sudden closing of the same and
also partially balancing the valves for the objects and acting substantially as herein
described and illustrated by Figures 33 and 34 of the drawings for the purposes
specified.
19th. The use of a spring controlled automatic valve in the top arm and an
uncontrolled valve solid with the spindle, or loose from it, in the lower arm of the
same water gauge or a loose automatic valve with the push and automatic
indicating spindle in the lower arm and the automatic valve in one piece with the
said spindle in the top arm of the same water gauge and the said devices reversed
in the gauge arms of the water gauges.
1
1004
THOS. BLISSETT.
H. S. FEARON.
A. PULLAN.