IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER MAGINEDV
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Warwick of 59 Hilton Street Manchester in
the County of Lancaster Sewing Machine Manufacturer for an Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES APPLICABLE ALSO TO OTHER
MAGINEDV"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Warwick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1883.
JAMES WARWICK of 59 Hilton Street Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Sewing Machine Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES APPLICABLE
ALSO TO OTHER MACHINERY
The object of my Invention is to obtain an oscillating movement of high speed
in sewing machines and other machinery.
My Invention consists in imparting an oscillating or backward and forward
movement to a shuttle by a novel ball motion: this to and fro motion may also be
applied to other purposes.
In applying my Invention to a sewing machine I fix a ball upon the usual
horizontal shaft fitted under or at the base of a sewing machine. This ball has a
groove turned round its circumference at an acute angle from a hole in the ball
through which the horizontal shaft passes. Directly over the centre of the ball
is a shuttle race in the centre of which is a hole through which is fitted a stud.
On the top of the stud and in the shuttle race is fixed the shuttle carrier. To tho
base of the stud I fix an entire half or one fourth of a circle or ring of metal which
entirely or partly surrounds the ball. I prefer to use a half circle or ring of metal
at each end of which I fix a stud directly or opposite to the centre of the ball and
to each other. On each of these studs I fix a segment of a circle or a bowl. These
segments lie in the inclined groove on opposite sides of the ball. By revolving the
ball the two segments of the circle or ring of metal will be actuated backward and
forward by the inclined groove in the ball and thereby impart an oscillating
movement to the shuttle carrier.
The shuttle may be worked vertically from the end of a rocking shaft at the
base of the machine: to accomplish this the ball is fixed on a vertical shaft and
to the said rocking shaft and a half ring and two segments as before described.
[Prica 6d1

page_text: When the
The shuttle or a shaft, may be made to rock or oscillate more or less by varying
the angle of the groove in the ball from the shaft upon which it is fixed. As each
of the segments which lie in the inclined grove approaches the shaft which carries
the ball a pause occurs which is necessary for the proper working of the machine:
one pause while the needle forms a loop of thread for the shuttle to pass through:
the other pause while the needle draws the thread up into the fabric.
segments in the inclined groove are at the greatest distance from the axis of the
ball the shuttle will be moving at its maximum speed to drive the thickest part
of the shuttle more quickly through the loop formed by the needle. When the
segments are approaching the shaft the shuttle will be moving at its minimum
speed, consequently the shuttle will move slowly at each end of its traverse and
thus avoid sudden knocking. If an entire circle or ring of metal be used to
overlap the ball and carry the two studs (upon which the segments are fitted and
take into the inclined groove in the ball) I prefer to use a bracket attached to the
base of the machine which is provided with a centre and lock nut. The centre
takes into a centre hole at the bottom or base of the said circle or ring of metal
and by which the said circle and stud upon which it is fixed may be adjusted.
In another method of giving a backward and forward movement to a shuttle
the ball-motion (as above described) may be fixed and the horizontal shaft that
revolves in the arm or upper part of a sewing machine and by it an oscillating
movement may be imparted to a vertical shaft connected to the ball: at the base
of the vertical shaft is fixed a lever, the backward and forward movements of which
will drive a shuttle in the well known manner.
If it is desired to oscillate two shafts the shaft ends are connected together by a
ring of metal and the ball fixed on another shaft passing through the centre of
the ring and at right angles from the other two shafts. The ball and ring are
connected together in the manner before described.
If one shaft only is required to be oscillated the method before mentioned will
do and the ring of metal may have a centre and lock nut fitted in a centre hole in
the outer part directly opposite to the oscillating shaft or stud for adjustment.
Half a circle or ring of metal is however much simpler when it is only required
to drive a single shaft or stud.
This method would be applicable to the fly comb of a carding engine which may
be run at a high or rapid rate of speed with durability.
A lever or levers at any angle may have backward and forward movements.
imparted to them by being fixed on a stud or shaft actuated by the before-mentioned
ball-motion.
The ball-motion and oscillating stud described may be used to actuate the well
known circular needle or hook of sewing machines to produce with two threads
what is known as the Grover and Baker or Chain Stitch.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Warwick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd August
1883.
JAMES WARWICK, of 59 Hilton Street, Manchester in the County of Lancaster,
Sewing Machine Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING-MACHINES, APPLICABLE
ALSO TO OTHER MACHINERY
"
My invention relates to sewing machines but is also applicable to other machinery
where a reciprocating motion of high speed is required and the object of my
Invention is to obtain an oscillating movement of high speed and to impart this
movement to the shuttle when my Invention is applied to a sewing machine: this
oscillating or to and fro motion may also be applied to other purposes as already
mentioned.
In applying my Invention to a sewing machine I fix a ball upon the usual
horizontal shaft, fitted under or at the base of a sewing machine. This ball has a
groove turned round its circumference at an acute angle from a hole in the ball
through which the horizontal shaft passes. Directly over the centre of the ball is
a shuttle race in the centre of which is a hole through which is fitted a stud. On
the top of the stud and in the shuttle race is fixed the shuttle carrier. To the base
of the stud I fix a whole one half or one fourth of a circle or ring of metal which
entirely or partly surrounds the ball. I use by preference a half circle or ring of
metal at each end of which I fix a stud, directly opposite to the centre of the ball
and to each other. On each of these studs I fix a segment of a circle or a bowl.
These segments lie in the inclined groove on opposite sides of the ball. By
revolving the ball the two segments of the circle or ring of metal will be actuated
back ward and forward by the inclined groove in the ball and thereby impart an
oscillating movement to the shuttle carrier. The shuttle may be worked vertically
from the end of a rocking shaft at the base of the machine: to accomplish this, the
ball is fixed on a vertical shaft and connected to the rocking shaft by a half ring
and two segments as before described. The shuttle, or a shaft, may be made to
rock or oscillate more or less by varying the angle of the groove in the ball from
the shaft upon which it is fixed. As each of the segments which lie in the inclined
groove approaches the shaft which carries the ball, a pause occurs which is necessary
for the proper working of the machine:-One pause while the needle forms a loop
of thread for the shuttle to pass through: the other pause while the needle draws
up the thread into the fabric. When the segments in the inclined groove are at
the greatest distance from the axis of the ball, the shuttle will be moving at its
maximum speed to drive the thickest part of the shuttle more quickly through the
loop, formed by the needle. When the segments are approaching the shaft, the
shuttle will be moving at its minimum speed, consequently the shuttle will move
slowly at each end of its traverse and thus avoid a sudden stoppage or jerk. If an
entire circle or ring of metal be used to overlap the ball and carry the two studs
(upon which the segments are fitted and take into the inclined groove in the ball)
I prefer to use a bracket attached to the base of the machine which is provided
with a centre and lock nut. The centre takes into a centre hole at the bottom or
base of the said circle or ring of metal and by which the said circle and stud upon
which it is fixed may be adjusted.
In another method of giving a backward and forward movement to a shuttle the
ball-motion (as above described) may be fixed on the horizontal shaft that revolves
in the arm or upper part of a sewing machine and by it an oscillating movement
may be imparted to a vertical shaft connected to the ball as previously described:

page_text: at the base of the vertical shaft is fixed a lever the backward and forward move-
ments of which will drive a shuttle in the well known manner.
If it is desired to oscillate two shafts, the shaft ends are connected together by
a ring of metal and the ball fixed on another shaft passing through the centre of
the ring and at right angles from the other two shafts. The ball and ring are
connected together in the manner before described. If one shaft only is required
to be oscillated, the method before mentioned will do and the ring of metal may
have a centre and locknut fitted in a centre hole in the outer part directly opposite
to the oscillating shaft or stud for adjustment. Half a circle or ring of metal, is,
however, much simpler when it is only required to drive a single shaft or stud.
This method might be used for the fly comb of a carding engine to impart a
reciprocating motion to the knife or for the picking arm of a loom or for any
machine in which an oscillating or reciprocating movement of high speed is
required.
A lever or levers at any angle may have backward and forward movements
imparted to them by being fixed on a stud er shaft actuated by the before
mentioned ball motion. The ball motion and oscillating stud described may be
used to actuate the well known circular needle or hook of sewing machines to
produce with two threads what is known as the Grover and Baker or chain
stitch.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the accompanying sheet of drawings reference
being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a plan of an inverted sewing machine with my improved ball motion
and Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the lower part of a sewing machine. Fig. 3
shows the ball on the horizontal shaft with the studs and segments. Fig. 4
shows the half ring of metal with the shuttle carrier. Fig. 5 shows one of the
studs which secure the segments. Figs. 6 and 7 are views of one of the segments.
Fig 8 is a detached view of the ball. Figs. 9 and 10 are detached views showing
the ball motion when used to oscillate two shafts or studs and Fig. 11 shows the
same motion when applied to a single shaft.
.
In Figs. 1 to 8-a is the frame of the sewing machine and 6 the usual horizontal
shaft working in bearings b¹ and driven in any convenient manner from the cone
pulleys 6. Secured to the shaft b is the ball c which has a groove c¹ round its
circumference at an acute angle from the hole in the ball c through which the
shaft passes. Directly over the centre of the ball c is the shuttle race d through
the centre of which a stud d' passes: the shuttle carrier is fixed on the top of
the stud d¹ and to the base is secured the half ring of metal which partly
surrounds the ball c. To each end of the half circle of metal as I fix a segment
of a circle by means of studs or set screws e'. In place of these segments e bowls
or rollers may be used. These studs e are directly opposite to the centre of the
ball c and to each other and the segments e lie in the inclined groove c' on opposite
sides of the ball. When power is communicated to the shaft b the ball c revolves
and the two segments è are actuated backward and forward by the inclined
groove c' in the ball c and thus an oscillating movement is imparted to the shuttle
carrier d' as each of the segments e approaches the shaft ba pause occurs:-one
pause while the needle forms a loop of thread for the shuttle to pass through the
other pause while the needle draws up the thread into the fabric.
In Figs. 9 and 10.-b-is the horizontal shaft upon which is fixed the ball c with
the inclined groove c¹: d³ is a circle or ring of metal to which are connected the
ends of the two shafts g which it is desired to oscillate. The ball c and ring d³ are
connected by the segments e and the studs e' in the manner previously described
and are actuated in a similar manner.
In Fig. 11. g is the shaft to be oscillated and is a centre with a lock nut
which passes through the ring d³ and is used for adjusting the ball. The remaining
parts and the manner of working are similar to those already described.
This method might be used for the fly comb of a carding engine to impart a

page_text: reciprocating motion to the knife or for the picking arm of a loom or for any
machine in which an oscillating or reciprocating movement of high speed is
required.
Having stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner of
performing the same
I declare that I claim
1.-The improvements in sewing machines substantially as and for the purposes
herein shown and described.
2.-The combination of the ball c secured to the shaft b with the segmente e lying
in the inclined groove c¹ and secured to the half ring d³ substantially as and for the
purposes herein described and as shown with reference to Figs. 1 to 8.
3. The combination of the ball c secured to the shaft b with the segments e lying
in the inclined groove c' and secured to the ring d substantially as and for the
purposes berein described and as shown with reference to Figs. 9, 10 and 11.
In witness whereof I the said James Warwick have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty first day of August One thousand eight hundred and eighty
three.