Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 9th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 13th July, 1888
I, ROBERT HATTRICK, of Strand Chambers, Strand Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates more particularly to that type of vertical cylindrical steam
generator in which the furnace, or furnaces is, or are, horizontally arranged and are
placed within the lower portion of the shell of the generator, such lower portion being
of cylindrical, or partly cylindrical form, and also horizontally arranged. This type
of steam generator is mostly of the multitubular kind.
Now the object of this present Invention is to so construct steam generators that
no undue stresses are put upon the structure by the pressure of the steam within it,
and to thereby render it free from tendency to strains, and their effects. To this end
this Invention consists of a method of construction of vertical steam generators, of the
type specified, by which the stresses are taken, or carried by the main vertical shell of
the generator in a direct line, and particularly those stresses which come upon the
lower horizontal cylindrical, or partly cylindrical portion and joints of the shell in
which the furnace, or furnaces, is, or are placed. In the case where the main shell
takes the stresses upon the lower horizonal portion of the shell, (in which the furnace
or furnaces is, or are placed), the shell of the generator is made flat and straight from
the front tube plate to the bottom; the portion of the shell above this flat portion
being in this case cylindrical, and having a semisperical dome, will project, and will
be suitably stayed by vertical stay strips, or bolts. But where the main shell is
arranged to take the stresses in a direct line at the upper, as well as the lower portion
of the structure, the front tube plate is placed in line and flush with the main shell,
and is flat and straight from the part where it is connected to the main shell to the
bottom of it. In this case flat, or curved plates will be required to connect, or lie
between the tube plate and the cylindrical main shell and will be "worked into" and
connected with the horizontal cylindrical, or partially cylindrical shell in which the
furnaces are placed. These plates will be stayed laterally to take the stresses that
will come upon them; the stays employed being so arranged as to prevent any
straining of the joints or plates.

page_text: Steam generators provided with improvements according to this Invention may be
constructed with either wet, or dry combustion chambers, and the tubes may be
arranged in any convenient way between the vertical front tube plate above specified
and a combustion chamber tube plate. Also the generators may be constructed with
furnaces fired at one end, termed single ended generators; or, they may be con-
structed with furnaces, capable of being fired at both ends, termed double ended
generators.
The type of generator to which this Invention belongs is particularly useful for
navigable vessels and other purposes where the dimensions of space are materially
limited lengthwise, but not in depth.
It is desired to state that this Invention is not limited to the precise construction of
steam generators herein given, as these may vary in configuration in certain par-
ticulars, whenever circumstances may render such change of configuration necessary.
Dated this 9th day of September 1887.

page_text: I, ROBERT HATTRICK, of Strand Chambers, Strand Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
:-
This Invention relates more particularly to that type of vertical cylindrical steam
generator in which the furnace, or furnaces is, or are, horizontally arranged and aro
placed within the lower portion of the shell of the generator, such lower portion being
of cylindrical, or partly cylindrical form, and also horizontally arranged. This type
of steam generator is mostly of the multitubular kind.
The construction of steam generator of the above type in general use is such that
the pressure of steam within it causes certain stresses in the structure which tend to
and frequently strain those portions of the shell that extend beyond the vertical parts
of the main shell and lie at right angles to it, and more especially the joints which
connect these portions of the structure together. Consequently the use of steam
generators constructed according to the above type is attended with waste of fuel and
annoyance through leaks and moreover its durability is curtailed.
Now the object of this present Invention is to so construct steam generators that
no undue stresses are put upon the structure by the pressure of the steam within it,
and to thereby render it free from tendency to strains and their effects. To this end
this Invention consists of a method of construction of vertical steam generators of the
type specified by which the stresses are taken, or carried by the main vertical shell of
the generator in a direct line and particularly those stresses which come upon the
lower horizontal cylindrical, or partly cylindrical portion and joints of the shell in
which the furnace, or furnaces, is or are placed. In the case where the main shell
takes the stresses upon the lower horizontal portion of the shell (in which the furnace
or furnaces is, or are placed), the shell of the generator is made flat and straight from
the front tube plate to the bottom; the portion of the shell above this flat portion
being in this case cylindrical, and having a semispherical dome, will project, and will
be suitably stayed by vertical stay strips, or bolts. But where the main shell is
arranged to take the stresses in a direct line at the upper, as well as the lower portion
of the structure the front tube plate is placed in line and flush with the main shell and
is flat and straight from the part where it is connected to the main shell to the bottom
of it. In this case flat, or curved plates will be required to connect, or lie between the
tube plate and the cylindrical main shell and will be "worked into" and connected
with the horizontal cylindrical or partly cylindrical shell in which the furnaces are
placed. These plates will be stayed laterally to take the stresses that will come upon
them; the stays employed being so arranged as to prevent any straining of the joints,
or plates.
Steam generators provided with improvements according to this Invention may be
constructed with either wet or dry combustion chambers, and the tubes may be

page_text: arranged in any convenient way between the vertical front tube plate above specified
and a combustion chamber tube plate. Also the generators may be constructed with
furnaces fired at one end, termed single ended generators; or they may be con-
structed with furnaces capable of being fired at both ends, termed double ended
generators.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood I have hereunto annexed two
sheets of Drawings, which make a part of this Specification and are marked with
letters and figures of reference corresponding with those used in the following
explanation, like letters and figures being used to denote the same, or corresponding
parts throughout the several views and figures of the Drawings.
The Figures of the Drawings illustrate various arrangements and modifications of
vertical steam generators embodying the improvements above set forth which I will
now describe, seriatim.
Figuro 1 is a sectional side elevation
Figure 2 is an end elevation, and
Figure 3 is a sectional plan through XX Figure 1 illustrating a vertical steam
generator in which the shell a of the generator is made flat and straight from the
point c¹ of the front tube plate e to the point a¹ of the horizontal cylindrical portion b
of the shell. The portion a² of the shell above the said flat portion is in this case
cylindrical and has a semispherical-dome d. Above the tube plate cit projects and
the projecting portion is stayed by vertical stays k to the semispherical dome d.
By this construction it will be seen that the main shell a takes the stresses upon the
lower horizontal portion b in a straight line between the points cand a¹. e are the
horizontal furnaces placed in the cylindrical horizontal portion b. The main shell a
is stayed by stay bolts l. f is the combustion chamber, the tubes, and i is the uptake
of the steam generator.
Figure 4 is a sectional side elevation and
Figure 5 is a sectional plan through X X Figure 4 illustrating another example of a
steam generator with my improvements applied thereto. In this case the front tube
plate c is placed in line and flush with the main shell a and is flat and straight from
the point c¹, where it is connected to the main shell a, to the point a', at the bottom
of the horizontal portion b. Flat plates are used to connect the tube plate cand
the main shell a and they are worked into and connected with the borizontal
cylindrical shell 6 (in which the furnaces e are placed). These plates care stayed
by lateral stays c³ to take the stresses that will come upon them. By this construction
it will be seen that the main shell a takes the stresses upon the lower horizontal
portion b in a direct line from the upper portion a².
In the remaining Figures of the Drawings, the features of construction above set
forth with reference to Figures 1, 2, and 3 and Figures 4 and 5 respectively, are
embodied, the only differences being the construction and arrangement of furnaces,
combustion chambers and tubes. I will therefore confine the description of these
Figures mainly to the said modifications.
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation
Figure 7 an outside elevation, and
Figure 8 a sectional plan showing my improvements, as above set forth in respect
to Figures 1, 2 and 3, applied to a steam generator having a dry combustion
chamber f. In this case both the front tube plate c and the back tube plate care
recessed as shown in full lines, or the back tube plate c¹ only is recessed and the front
tube plate made flush with the periphery of the shell as shown in dotted lines at
Figure 7 and as set forth in respect to Figures 4 and 5.
Figure 9 is a side elevation
Figure 10 an end elevation, and
Figure 11 a sectional plan through XX Figure 9 showing my improvements as
above set forth in respect to Figures 4 and 5 applied to a steam generator having a
dry combustion chamber f. In this case th the front tube plate c and the back
tube plate care flush with the periphery of the shell.
Figure 12 is a sectional side elevation

page_text: Figure 13 an end elevation, and
Figure 14 a sectional plan through X X Figure 12 showing my invention as applied
to a double ended steam generator. In this case the combustion chamber is in the
centre and the outside tube plates c are either flush with the periphery of the shell as
above set forth in respect to Figures 4 and 5, or they are recessed as set forth in
respect to Figures 1. 2. and 3 and as shown in dotted lines in Figure 12.
Figure 15 is a sectional side elevation, and
Figure 16 is an ond elevation showing my improvements as applied to a steam
generator in which the front tube plate c is contained in the horizontal cylindrical
portion. In this case the tube plate is recessed as set forth in respect to Figures 1, 2
and 3.
Figure 17 is a sectional side elevation, and
Figure 18 is a sectional plan showing my improvements as applied to a steam
generator in which the front tube plate c is recessed as set forth in respect to
Figures 1, 2 and 3 and the back tube plate c' is brought forward to allow of water
tubes s being placed in the combustion chamber.
The type of generator to which this Invention belongs is particularly useful for
navigable vessels and other purposes where the dimensions of space are materially
limited lengthwise, but not in depth.
It is desired to state that this Invention is not limited to the precise construction
of steam generators herein given, as these may vary in configuration in certain
particulars whenever circumstances may render such change of configuration
necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The Improvement in vertical steam generators of the type herein described
consisting of the construction by which the stresses upon the lower horizontal portion
are taken by the main shell of the generator in a straight, or direct line substantially
as set forth.
Second. A vertical steam generator comprising a vertical cylindrical shell having
tubes, and a tube plate, or plates and a horizontal portion of cylindrical, or partly
cylindrical form in which the furnace, or furnaces is, or are placed, the said tube
plate, or plates and the front plate, or plates of the horizontal portion or portions
being arranged directly in line substantially as set forth.
Third. The steam generator particularly as set forth with reference to Figures 1. 2.
and 3; 4 and 5; 6. 7 and 8; 9. 10 and 11; 12. 13. and 14; 15 and 16; and 17
and 18 of the Drawings respectively.
1
Y
1000