Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 25th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 27th Aor., 1889
RESERVE
We, EDOUARD FRANÇOIS DELAMARE-DEBOUTTEVILLE and LEON PAUL CHARLES
MALANDIN both of Fontaine-le-Bourg Seine Inférieure in the Republic of France,
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-.
Our Invention relates to a governor of improved construction which is more
particularly designed for gas engines but is capable of being applied to other motors
by suitably modifying the construction.
This governor is based in the first place on the laws govorning the fall of bodies
in space and in the second place on the duration of the oscillations of a pendulum
which duration diminishes as the rod is shortened and the weight increased.
In considering the construction of this governor it must be remembered that
governors for gas and other like engines have two distinct functions to perform
namely to admit the motive fluid or shut it off altogether. When the governor admits
gas to a gas engine for example an explosive mixture is produced, this mixture is
deflagrated or exploded and an impulse is thereby imparted to the piston. In case
the speed of the motor exceeds the normal rate the governor must simply cause the
gas inlet to remain closed in order to diminish the speed.
In constructing a governor according to this invention a differential pendulum is
employed composed of a rigid rod oscillating on a suitable axis and preferably
provided with two weights one above and one below the centre of oscillation. This
pendulum is provided at its lowest end with a notch or tooth capable of engaging
with one end of a lever rocking on an axis connected to or moving with the slide for
example. The other end of this lever is capable of acting on a sliding or other piece
connected to or operating the gas valve which is closed by a suitable spring.
The action of this governor is as follows. When a charge of gas has been admitted
the slide moves to the right for example with the lever one arm of which then pushes
the lower end of the pendulum in the same direction.
When the slide is moved to the left one end of the lever which moves with it as
aforesaid acts upon the gas valve and admits a charge of gas and at the same time
the other end engages with the tooth or notch on the pendulum whose centre of

page_text: On
oscillation is situated vertically or nearly so over this end of the lever when the latter
is at the left hand end of its stroke. The relative positions of the lever and the said
centre of oscillation are preferably so arranged that when the lever is in this position
that is to say at the left hand end of its stroke the pins on which the pendulum
oscillates are lifted out of their bearings and the whole weight of the pendulum rests
on the end of the lever. Now when the lever moves to the right it carries the lower
end of the endulum with it and as the lever moves in a straight horizontal line the
pins on which the pendulum is suspended first descend on to their bearings and the
lever end then slides on the side of the pendulum below the notch or tooth.
the return of the slide the lever moves to the left with a degree of rapidity corresponding
to the rate at which the engine is running. By suitably adjusting the weights on the
pendulum the latter is caused to oscillate at a fixed rate when left to itself and when
the slide and lever move to the left at this or any slower rate the pendulum follows
up the lever and the end of the latter reengages with the tooth or notch on the
pendulum. On the other hand when the slide and lever move at a rate more rapid
than that for which the pendulum is adjusted the latter is left behind and the end of
the lever failing to reengage with the tooth or notch on the pendulum rises thereby
lowering the other end which consequently misses the part connected to the gas valve
and the latter remains closed.
The position of the tooth or notch on the pendulum must be such as to ensure the
return of the lever to the proper position for acting on the gas valve when the engine
is running at or below the normal rate. This position is best ascertained by means
of a diagram illustrating the angles occupied by the crank or excentric operating
the slide at different parts of the stroke. This enables the point in the stroke at
or before which the lever must reengage with the tooth in order to open the gas
valve to be readily ascertained.
This governor enables the speed of the engine to be regulated with great precision
and the normal rate can be changed with great facility by simply adjusting one or
both of the weights on the pendulum the upper weight being preferably supported
on a nut working on the pendulum rod for this purpose.
Dated this 25th day of June 1888.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Inprovements in Governors for Gas Engines and other like Motors.
We, EDOUARD FRANÇOIS DELAMARE DEBOUTTEVILLE and LEON PAUL CHARLES
MALANDIN both of Fourtain-le-Bourg Seine Inferieure in the Republic of France
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Our Invention relates to a governor of improved construction which is more
particularly designed for gas engines but is capable of being applied to other motors
by suitably modifying the construction.
This governor is based in the first place on the laws governing the fall of bodies
in space and in the second place on the duration of the oscillations of a pendulum
which duration diminishes as the rod is shortened and the weight increased..
In considering the construction of this governor it must be remembered that
governors for gas and like engines have two distinct functions to perform namely
to admit the motive fluid or shut it off altogether by simply opening and closing a
valve. When the governor admits gas to a gas engine for example by allowing the
gas valve to open an explosive mixture is produced this mixture is then exploded and
an impulse is thereby imparted to the piston. In case the speed of the motor exceeds
the normal rate the governor must simply cause the gas valve to remain closed in
order to diminish the speed.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is an elevation of a governor constructed
according to our invention applied to a gas engine of the class described in the
Specifications to Letters Patent granted to J. H. Johnson No. 3986 of 1884 and to
J. Y. Johnson No. 11 of 1886 with merely so much of the slide and gear as is
necessary to explain the action of the governor.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figures 3 and 4 show two different positions occupied by the governor when in
action as hereinafter explained.
Figure 5 is a diagram employed in regulating the position of the knife edges at the
moment of their engagement.
This
Figures 1 and 2 show the position of the parts when the gas valve is open.
governor is constructed with a differential pendulum ab composed of a rigid rod r with
two weights a and b one above and one below the centre of oscillation or trunnions c.
The lower weight (b) which may be of lenticular form constitutes the acting weight
while the upper weight (a) is a compensating or regulating weight which enables the
action of the governor to be controlled as hereinafter explained. An immovable arm
or support d fixed onto the explosion chamber of the engine for example is provided

page_text: with bearings for the pins or trunnions c on which the pendulum is suspended. The
gas valve is opened by means of a lever gf pivoted on a stud m carried by an
arm n' connected to the slide rod K. This lever gf is provided at one extremity
with a knife edge f and at the other extremity with a knife edge g. The edgef engages
with a tooth or notch e Figure 1 in the lower arm of the pendulum and when so engaged
the knife edge g acts upon the gas valve. The slide k figure 2 is operated by a cam or
eccentric in the usual way and partakes of a reciprocating motion which is communicated
to the arm n¹ carrying the lever gf and the gas valve is operated by the aforesaid knife
edge a acting on a knife edge h attached to a slide connected to the valve stem j. This
slide acts as a guide for the knife edge hand is provided with slots engaging with two fixed
keys or studs ii which keep the knife edge h in a horizontal position. The gas valve j' is
opened when this knife edge is pushed by the corresponding reciprocating knife
edge g on the lever gf as shown in Figure 1 and a spring 2 drawn in dotted lines in
figure 1 tends to maintain the gas valve normally in the closed position.
The action of the governor is as follows:-When a charge of gas is admitted to
the cylinder the parts being in the position indicated in Figures 1 and 2 the
trunnions c on which the pendulum abis suspended are lifted off their bearings and
the weight of the pendulum rests on the lever arm thus retaining the lever arm g
in the horizontal position. The slide now moves to the right and the arm n¹ and
lever arms gf partaking of the same motion the pendulum is moved to the position
indicated in Figure 3. This has the effect of causing the centres c to rest on the
support d and causing the lever arm to leave the notch or tooth e.
At the same
time the arm g of the lever being heavier than the arm f the lever gf assumes the
inclined position shewn in figures 3 and 4. When the slide in returning is moved
to the left at its normal rate of speed and the parts return to the position indicated
in Figure 1 the knife edge or arm g acts upon the corresponding knife edge h
connected to the gas valve and opening the valve admits a charge of gas.
obtain this result it is necessary for the arm f to reengage with the tooth e in order
that the weight of the pendulum may retain the knife edge on the arm in the
horizontal position so as to enable it to engage with the corresponding knife edge h
connected to the valve stem.
То
The lever g, f being connected to the slide valve rod moves to the left with a degree
of rapidity corresponding to the rate at which the engine is running.
By suitably adjusting the weights on the pendulum the latter is caused to oscillate
at a fixed rate when left to itself and when the slide and lever move to the left
at this or any slower rate the pendulum follows up the lever and the end of the
latter reengages with the tooth or notch e on the pendulum. On the other hand when the
slide and lever move at a rate more rapid than that for which the pendulum is
adjusted the latter is left behind and the end of the lever failing to reengage with
the tooth or notch e on the pendulum remains in the elevated position, the knife
edge g on the other end remaining depressed misses the corresponding knife edge h
connected to the gas valve and the latter consequently remains closed. This condition
of the parts is represented in Figure 4.
The position of the tooth or notch on the pendulum must be such as to ensure
the return of the lever gf to the proper position for acting on the gas valve when
the engine is running at or below the normal rate. This position is best ascertained
by means of a diagram figure 5 illustrating the angles occupied by the crank or
excentric operating the slide at different parts of the stroke. This diagram in con-
nection with figure 3 enables the point in the stroke at or before which the arm f of
the lever gf must reengage with the tooth e in order to open the gas valve to be
readily ascertained.
In the diagram Figure 5 admission takes place from X to Y and the tooth on
the pendulum must come in contact with the arm f of the lever f g when the pin
of the crank working the slide arrives at the point m² of its stroke the direction of
rotation being mm² n. In Figure 3 s¹ is the line in which the corner or edges of
the lever arm f is situated when the lever has returned to the horizontal position.
The point el is consequently the point at which the contact must take place in order

page_text: that as the parts continue their horizontal motion the lever arm 9 may be returned
to the horizontal position in time to enable it to act upon the knife edge h and open
the gas valve.
This governor enables the speed of the engine to be regulated with a great
precision being free from the disadvantages attending the employment of governors
acting by a shock or jerk and the normal rate can be changed with great facility
by simply adjusting one or both of the weights on the pendulum the upper weight
being preferably supported on a nut p working on a screw formed on the pendulum
rod r for this purpose.
By moving the weights further apart, shifting the weight a
away from the weight b for example the pendulum is caused to swing more slowly as
the weight a to a certain extent counterbalances the weight b. This causes the lower
end of the pendulum rod to take more time in descending and the tooth e on the
pendulum fails more frequently to engage with the knife edge or lever arm f so that
the speed of the engine is proportionately reduced. The opposite effect is produced
by shifting the weight a nearer to the weight b.
This improved governor although more particularly designed for controlling the
speed of gas engines may evidently be employed for regulating the action of other
like motors by suitably modifying some of the details of construction.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is:
1st. In combination with gas and other like motors a governor constructed with a
differential pendulum as hereinbefore described being, provided with two weights a
and 6 placed at an adjustable distance apart upon one rod suspended from the extremity
of a support d attached to a stationary part of the motor the said pendulum being
caused to act upon an oscillating knife edge lever gf in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2nd. In combination with a differential pendulum constructed as hereinbefore
described and claimed two oscillating knife edge lever arms 9 and ƒ carried by a
support m, n attached to the slide of the engine and a knife edge on a part con-
nected to the stem of the gas valve all arranged and operating substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3rd. The combinations and arrangements of parts constituting the improvements
in governors for gas and other like motors substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 95th day of March 1880
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.