Improvements in the Manufacture and Preparation of Leather Packings for Hydraulic Pressing and other Apparatus.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1895-Accepted, 31st Aug., 1895
Improvements in the Manufacture and Preparation of Leather
Packings for Hydraulic Pressing and other Apparatus.
I THOMAS GARNER of 57 and 59 Bloom Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Hydraulic Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My said invention relates to an improved mode of manufacturing and preparing
leather packings for use in hydraulic apparatus such for example as hydraulic
presses, pumps, intensifiers, lifts and the like.
prepare leather packing by consolidating and compressing the same in the
course of manufacture to such au extent that when placed in situ, and wet by the
water or liquid under pressure, the leather expands so as to tightly fill the cavity
it occupies and prevents all passage of water under pressure, while at the same
time the central bore through which the ram or rod passes is so tightly embraced
by the packing that liquid cannot pass between the sliding ram and the packing.
The consequence of this equal, simultaneous and constant exertion of packing
pressure by the leather is, that less friction is engendered, the packing wears better
and more equally and there is no liability to such failures as take place in packings
depending for their efficiency upon the aid of the hydraulic pressure.
In my
improved packing the hydraulic pressure does to some extent assist the making of
a tight joint, but to all intents and purposes 1 rely upon the swelling of the com-
pressed leather to give me the desired results. I do not confine myself to any
particular form of packing. For example I might make it as a simple ring of
leather occupying a recess round the ram and held down by a nut or plate as is
usual. This compressed leather ring, swelling under the expanding influence of
the water packs itself tightly into its recess so as to prevent all passage of water
past its sides and at the same time grips the sliding ram or rod with a tenacity and
force which permits of no escape of liquid.
My improved packings are manufactured with the aid of proper compressing and
consolidating machines and dies the packing being compressed and consolidated
both from without and from within. For example in forming the central bole
through which the ram or rod is to work, I widen a comparatively small hole
by repeated widening pressure and at the same time consolidate and compress
the leather on all sides so that when completed the packing has been compressed
into very much smaller space than that occupied by the original material.
On wetting this compressed packing it expands and swells and it is this property
which I utilise to effect the results herein before referred to.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1894.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture and Preparation of Leather
Packings for: Hydraulic Pressing and other Apparatus.
I THOMAS GARNER. of 57. and 59 Bloom Street, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Hydraulic Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to, be particularly, described
and ascertained in and by the following, statement, and accompanying drawings
1
:-
My said invention relates to an improved mode of manufacturing and preparing
leather packings for use in hydraulic pressing apparatus such for example as
hydraulio presses, pumps, intensifiers, lifts and the like.
prepare leather packing by consolidating and compressing the same in the
course of manufacture to such an extent that when, placed in situ: and wet by, the
water or liquid under pressure, the leather expands so as to tightly fill. the cavity
it occupies and prevent all passage of water under pressure, while at the same
time the central bore through which the rum or. rod passes is so tightly embraced
by the packing that liquid cannot pass between the sliding ram, and packing.
The consequence of this equal, simultaneous. and .constant exertion of packing.
pressure by the leather is, that less friction is engendered, the packing, wears better
and more equally and there is no liability to such failures, as take place in packings
depending for their efficiency upon the aid of the hydraulic pressure.
In my improved packing the hydraulic pressure does. to some extent assist the
making of a tight joint, but to all intents and purposes, I rely upon the swelling of
the compressed leather, to give me the desired results.
.1
I do not confine, myself to any particular form of packing. so that, the
accompanying, sketches are only to be taken.as general,examples of.iny invention.
For instance as shown in Fig. 1. I might,make the packing a as a simple, ring A.
ofleather manufactured under the consolidating pressure hereinbefore referred to.
Fig.2 shows the same ring A.occupying a recess round the ram, or, rod, B and
held down by a nut Corigland as is..usual. This compressed..leather ring, A
swelling under the expanding influence of the water, packs, itself, tightly, into its
recess so as to prevent all passage of water past its. sides and at the same time
grips the sliding ram or rod B with a tenacity and force,which permits of no escape
of liquid.
My improved packings, are manufactured with the aid of proper compressing
and consolidating machines and dies (which special means are no part of my
invention) the packing, being compressed and consolidated both, from without and
from within. For example in forming the central hole through, which, the, ram
or rod B is to work I widen n comparatively small hole, through the ring A
by repeated widening, pressure, and at the same time consolidate and, compress
the leather, on all sides so that when, completed and compressed the packing has
been.compressed into very much smaller space than that occupied by the origiual
material.
On this compressed packing becoming wet it expands and swells and it is, this
property which I utilise to effect the results herein before referred to.
The compressed packing might consist of one, two or more thicknesses of
leather, or the ring might be coiled from a continuous strip of leather.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The manufacture and preparation of leather packings for hydraulic pressing
and other apparatus substantially as herein before described and indicated.

page_text: 2. In the manufacture and preparation of leather packings for hydraulic pressing
and other apparatus pressing and consolidating the leather composing the packing
so that when placed in situ and wet, the packing will expand and fulfil the required
functions substantially as described and shown.
Dated the 16th day of July 1895.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents,
For the Applicant.