IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETTING MACHINES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gray Denison Edmeston, Assistant Manager for De
Bergue and Company, Limited, Strangeways Iron Works, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RIVETTING
MACHINES."
Sealed the 3rd August 1877, and dated the 22nd March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gray Denison Edmeston at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1877.
"IM-
GRAY DENISON EDMESTON, Assistant Manager for De Bergue and Company,
Limited, Strangeways Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
PROVEMENTS IN RIVETTING MACHINES."
Firstly. My Invention relates to machines intended to be used more particularly
for rivetting flange work, such as the flanges of boiler flues where the rivets are to
be acted upon when their axes are in a vertical position, and consists in an improved
combination and arrangement of mechanism.
Two levers or jaws are arranged, one below the other with their fulcrums in a
casting or framing, the lengthway of these levers or jaws being horizontal At the
free ends of each lever or jaw there is a "cup" for acting upon the rivet, the rivet
and plates coming between the cups carried by the levers or jaws. In a vertical
position, and on each side of the two levers or jaws, there is a bar, and these two bars
are connected together at the upper and lower ends, and are in suitable guides in
the framing at the lower end.
The links or bars are connected to the upper lever or jaw by a bolt passing
through a hole in the jaw, which hole is slightly slotted vertically, so that the bent
ends of the two bars can rest upon the upper jaw when the pressure comes upon the
rivet. In a block between the two bars at the lower end, there is an adjusting
screw which enters a hole in an abutment block between the two bars, the head of
this screw or a separate block, added for the purpose, being reduced to such diameter
or area as to act as a crushing block, being intended to stand the ordinary work,
but to give way in case of any accidental and extraordinary pressure, so that the
machine will not be damaged.
Above the abutment block, and sliding vertically between the two bars, there is
another block which has a prop jointed upon it that can be turned from a horizontal

page_text: into a vertical position by a suitable handle, and when turned vertical, it will act
when the block ascends against the under lever or jaw, and force the cup at its end
upwards against the rivet. Between the said abutinent block and slide block there
are two "knuckle" jointed levors; one lever at its lower end has its joint upon
the abutment block, and ab its upper end in the end, at one side of a connecting
rod, the upper lever has its lower knuckle jointed upon the end, and at the opposite
side of the connecting rod and its upper joint on the under side of the said slide
block.
The connecting rod is worked horizontally by a crank, excentric, or cam (the
former by preference) which is on a horizontal shaft at a right angle to the lever
jaws, and in suitable bearings in the framing, this shaft having a spur wheel upon
it, driven by a pinion on the driving shaft, which is in bearings in the frame, and
has a fast and loose driving pulley and fly-wheel upon it. It will thus be seen that
when the crank brings the knuckle joint levers into the position in a line with
each other, or nearly so, the under lever or jaw will be forced upwards, the upper
jaw resisting the pressure by being connected by the two bars with the abutment
for the lower knuckle joint lever.
There is a stop set screw in the framing to prevent the lower jaw from descending
too low, and there is a lever on a cross shaft in bearings in the frame to act upon
the lower ends of the two bars, and thus lift them and the upper jaw when required,
this last-named shaft being acted upon by a foot lever.
There may also be a lever upon one end of the said shaft for a weight to partly
counterbalance the weight to be lifted by the foot lever, or this weight may be on
the foot lever.
Secondly. My Invention relates to machines for ordinary rivetting purposes,
where the rivets are to be acted upon when their axes are in a horizontal position,
and consists in an improved combination and arrangement in which a crank,
excentric, or cam and connecting rod are to operate upon knuckle joint levers above
described, placed in a horizontal position.
The casting or frame is made with a pillar to hold the fixed "cup" for the rivet,
to resist the pressure, and there are slideways formed in the casting for the abut-
ment block and the sliding block and the ram in which the rivetting cup is
placed, and a screw in the casting is arranged to act upon the abutment block.
The shaft for the crank, excentric, or cam is placed in the framing below the
knuckle joint levers, the connecting rod acting vertically, and this shaft is driven
by gearing, same as above described.
The knuckle joints are or may be made so as to keep their places when th
knuckle levers are being brought into the angular position, or a weighted bell-crank
lever may be arranged to push the sliding block and ram back after each forward
movement, and the ram may be also brought back by the bell-crank weight, but
arranged so as to leave a slight space or play to give room for the prop to be brought
between the slide and the ram, this play being ensured by a spring between the
slide and the ram, or by other suitable arrangement.
Instead of the screw acting upon the abutment piece as above described, it may
be placed between the ram and slide piece, or two screws or other equivalent
arrangements may be used to lengthen or shorten the ram.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Gray Denison Edmeston in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
September 1877.
GRAY DENISON EDMESTON, Assistant Manager for De Bergue and Company, 5
Limited, Strangeways Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN RIVETTING MACHINES,"

page_text: Firstly. My Invention relates to machines intended to be used more particularly
for rivetting flange work, such as the flanges of boiler flues, where the rivets are to
be acted upon when their axes are in a vertical position, and consists in an improved
combination and arrangement of mechanism.
The levers or jaws are arranged one below the other, with their fulcrums in a
casting or framing, the lengthway of these levers or jaws being horizontal. At the
free end of each lever or jaw there is a cup for acting upon the rivet, the rivets and
plates coming between the cups carried by the levers or jaws. In a vertical position,
and on each side of the two levers or jaws, there is a bar, and these two bars are
connected together at the upper and lower ends, and are in suitable guides in the
framing at the lower end.
The links or bars are connected to the upper lever or jaw by a bolt passing
through a hole in the jaw, which hole is slightly slotted vertically so that the bent
ends of the two bars can rest upon the upper jaw when the pressure comes upon the
rivet. In a block between the two bars at the lower end there is an adjusting
screw which enters a hole in an abutment block between the two bars, the head of
this screw or a separate block, added for the purpose, being reduced to such diameter
or area as to act as a "crushing block," being intended to stand the ordinary work
but to give way in case of any accidental and extraordinary pressure so that the
machine will not be damaged.
Above the abutment block and sliding vertically between the two bars there is
another block which has a prop jointed upon it that can be turned from a horizontal
into a vertical position by a suitable handle, and when turned vertical it will act
when the block ascends against the under lever or jaw and force the cup at its
end upwards against the rivet. Between the said abutment block and slide block
there are two knuckle-jointed levers; one lever at its lower end has its joint upon
the abutment block, and at its upper end in the end, and at one side of a connecting
rod the upper lever has its lower knuckle joint upon the end and at the opposite
side of the connecting rod, and its upper joint on the under side of the said slide
block.
The connecting rod is worked horizontally by a crank, eccentric, or cam (the
former by preference) which is on a horizontal shaft at a right angle to the lever
jaws, and in suitable bearings in the framing, this shaft having a spur wheel upon
it driven by a pinion on the driving shaft (which is in bearings in the frame) and
has a fast and loose driving pulley and fly wheel upon it. It will thus be seen that
when the crank brings the knuckle joint levers into the position in a line with each
other, or nearly so, the under lever or jaw will be forced upwards, the upper jaw
resisting the pressure by being connected by the two bars with the abutment for
the lower knuckle joint lever.
There is a stop set screw in the framing to prevent the lower jaw from descending
too low, and there is a lever on a cross shaf tin bearing in the frame to act upon the
lower ends of the two bars, and thus lift them and the upper jaw when required,
this last-named shaft being acted upon by a foot lever.
There may also be a lever upon one end of the said shaft for a weight to partly
counterbalance the weight to be lifted by the foot lever, or this weight may be on
the foot lever.
Secondly. My Invention relates to machines for ordinary rivetting purposes
where the rivets are to be acted upon when their axes are in a horizontal position,
and consists in an improved combination and arrangement in which a crank,
excentric, or cam and connecting rod are to operate upon knuckle joint levers
above described placed in a horizontal position.
The casting or frame is made with a pillar to hold the fixed cup for the rivet to
resist the pressure, and there are slideways formed in the casting for the abutment
block and the sliding block, and the ram in which the rivetting cup is placed, and
a screw in the casting is arranged to act upon the abutment block.
The shaft for the crank, excentric, or cam is placed in the framing below the

page_text: knuckle joint levers, the connecting rod acting vertically, and this shaft is driven
by gearing, same as above described.
The knuckle joints are or may be made so as to keep their places when the
knuckle levers are being brought into the angular position, or a weighted bell-crank
lever may be arranged to push the sliding block and ram back after each forward
movement, and the ram nay also be brought back by the bell-crank weight, but
arranged so as to leave a slight space or play to give room for the prop to be
brought between the slide and the ram, this play being ensured by a spring between
the slide and ram, or by other suitable arrangement.
Instead of the screw acting upon the abutment piece, as above described, it may
be placed between the ram and slide piece, or two screws or other equivalent
arrangements may be used to lengthen or shorten the ram.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2, a back elevation; and Fig. 3, a detached partial
side sectional view illustrating the first part of my Invention.
a is the frame formed by a casting, all in one piece; b, the first motion shaft in
bearings in the casting, having fast and loose driving pulleys b' and a fly wheel ba
at the outside end of the shaft. On the shaft between its bearings there is a
pinion b in gear with a wheel c¹ on a cross shaft c having bearings in the casting.
Upon this shaft c' there is a crank or excentric c, and the shaft and bearing is large
enough at one end to allow the shaft to be put into its place from one side of the
casting, being prevented from moving endways when inserted in its place by a
disc secured to the smaller end of the shaft by a set screw c. To the excentric
or crank of an excentric rod c³ is jointed or attached by a cap and bolt, as shown;
the other end of this excentric rod is formed to receive the end of two knuckle joint
levers d and d, as shown; the upper lever d is jointed with a sliding block d; the
lower lever is jointed with the abutment block d³. These sliding and abutment
blocks come between two vertical rods or barse which are connected together at
their upper and lower ends by bolts passing through them. The ends of these rods
or bars e are bent over towards each other, as shown in Fig. 2. Between these
vertical bars two jaw bars, fand f¹, are placed with their fulcrums * on the casting.
The ends of these jaws carry the cups f for acting upon the rivets.
The upper jaw fis prevented from descending too low by an adjustable screw ƒ³
in a part from the casting, and the loose jaw bar (¹) is also prevented from
descending too low by a similar screw f. The upper jaw bar (f) is connected
with the vertical bars e by a bolt el passing through them and a hole in the upper
jaw bar which is slightly slotted vertically, which slot allows the strain of rivetting
to come upon the ends of the vertical bars (e) with certainty, but when the bars (c)
are lifted the upper jaw (f) will be lifted at the same time."
There is a prop d' jointed upon the sliding block (d), which can be turned into
the position shown in full line, Fig. 3, when the jaws are to act, or down, as shown 4
in dotted line, when the jaws are not to act, by a handle d on the end of a short
shaft from the joint which comes through a slot in the vertical bars e. The abut-
ment block (3) has side projections, which enters slots in the vertical bars (c) in
which the block can slide for adjustment. The block is made with a hole in it to
receive a crushing piece placed on the end of the bolt for adjusting the
vertical position of the abutment block, this screw screwing through a block d³
secured between the lower ends of the two vertical bars e by bolts, as shown. The
lower ends of the vertical bars (e) are in guides formed in the casting; a set screw d
screwing through a projection from the casting is employed to keep the bars e
against their bearings in the casting. In the casting under the vertical bars (e)
there is a cross shaft (g), which has a lever g¹ upon it, which has a weight g* upon
it to help to counterbalance the weight of the vertical barse and other connected
parts; and on the outside end of this shaft there is a treadle lever ³ for lifting the
vertical bars, and thus the upper jaw (ƒ), to bring its cup (ƒ³) clear of the heads
of the rivets when required.
Fig. 4 is a side sectional elevation, and Fig. 5 is an end elevation, illustrating the
mode of carrying out the second part of my Invention.

page_text: a is the frame or casting; this casting may also be made to include the pillar
for holding the fixed to receive the pressure in rivetting; but, as illustrated, such
pillar is supposed to be made of wrought iron or other suitable metal, and it is
secured to the casting a by two wrought-iron bolts a¹, each of which passes through
a washer plate ³, and then one on one side and the other on the other side of the
pillar, and through another washer at the back of the casting, as shown. The
lower end of the pillar x is held between projections a* from the lower part of the
casting, as shown. The lower part of the casting is sunk in a pit in the ground, as
shown.
The fast and loose driving pulleys (6), fly whoel (b), first-motion shaft (b),
pinion (b) upon it, and the wheel (c¹) on the crank shaft, and the crank shaft (c)
are all arranged as described in reference to Figs. 1 and 2. The connecting rod c³
between the crank or excentric and knuckle-joint levers d and d' are also con-
structed as described in reference to Figs. 1 and 2; but the connecting rod acts
vertically upon the knuckle-joint levers, which in their lengthway are arranged in
a horizontal position. The casting (a) is bored out to receive the abutment
block (d) for the knuckle-joint levers (d) and the ram and its slide block.
The abutment block (3) embraces rather more than the half the circum-
ference of the circular part of the knuckle-joint lever d', which is thus prevented
from leaving the block in working; but those ends of the knuckle-joint levers
which are connected with the end of the crank connecting rod e³ fit suitable
cavities in the end of the connecting rod, but are kept in their places by a link on
each side that fit pins projecting from the sides of the knuckle-joint levers, as
shown in dotted line. The knuckle-joint lover d is jointed with the slide block h,
shown in dotted line, in the same way as the lever d¹ is jointed with the abutment
block. The sliding block h, and ram h¹, and the stop block, is constructed and
arranged in a manner similar to those of machines where the slide block is actuated
directly by an excentric or crank. The slide block is bored out to receive the
ram h, in the end of which the rivetting cup f* is placed. This ram has a screw ³
in it, one end of which has a projection that enters a longitudinal slot in the lower
side of the slide block h, so that when the ram is turned round the screw h² will be
held from revolving, and the length of the ram may be increased or diminished.
There is a key groove longitudinally in the exterior of the ram h¹ which fits a key
in a collar 3 round the rain and within the bored out part of the casting (a), and
this collar is secured by a screw when the length of the ram has been adjusted ;
thus it will be seen that the collar permits the ram to slide in and out through it
when working, but prevents the ram from rotating, and thus the length of the ram
from being altered, except when the collar is released by the set screw. Between
the end of the screw (²) in the ram and the slide block there is a crushing
piece do, which is or may be secured to a stop block d³, that can be inserted between
or withdrawn from between the slide block - and the crushing piece or end of the
screw h². When this stop block d' is withdrawn the ram h' is not pushed outwards.
This stop block d is connected with and slides upon a bar forming part of a lever
frame on an axis d* in bearings in the casting, as shown, and the stop block is
inserted and withdrawn by the handle d. Within the hollow of the casting on a
fulcrum at there is a weighted bell-crank lever, the end of one arm of which
presses against the descending projection from the screw h³ in the ram h¹, and keeps
it back against the end of the slot in the slide block h, and consequently keeps a
clear space between the end of the screw (h³) and the slide block (h) for the
insertion of the stop block d' at the time required. There is a hole in the upper
part of the casting to get at the mechanism, which hole is covered by a hinged lid j,
as shown.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention and the mode of
carrying it into effect, and claim as my Invention,―
Firstly. The combination of rivetting mechanism with and so as to be actuated
by knuckle-joint levers (d and d³), substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated by the Drawings.

page_text: Secondly. The combination of jaw levers (f¹ and f¹) and knuckle-joint levers
(d and d), substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2,
and 3 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination of knuckle-joint lever mechanism with a ram for
rivetting, substantially as hercin-before described and illustrated by Figs. 4 and 5
of the Drawings.
Fourthly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for rivetting, sub-
stantially as herein-before described and illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the
Drawings.
Fifthly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for rivetting, sub-
stantially as herein-before described and illustrated by Figs. 4 and 5 of the
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gray Denison Edmeston, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.