JMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATORS FOR TELEGRAPH WIRES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter Claude Johnson and Samuel Edmund Phillips, of
Victoria Works, Victoria Road, Charlton, in the County of Kent, Engineers
and Electricians, for the Invention of "JMPROVEMENTS IN INSULATORS FOR
TELEGRAPH WIRES.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Walter Claude Johnson and
Samuel Edmund Phillips at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
8th September 1876.
•
"
WALTER CLAUDE JOHNSON and SAMUEL EDMUND PHILLIPS, of Victoria Works,
Victoria Road, Charlton, in the County of Kent, Engineers and Electricians.
PROVEMENTS IN INSULATORS FOR TELEGRAPH WIRES"
IM-
This Invention relates to constructing insulators for electric telegraph wires,
whereby a better and more uniform insulation is obtained and the inconveniences
resulting from the decrease in the insulation of the line during fog and rain are
obviated. This is effected principally by means of the introduction of a fluid
insulator between the line and earth.
The insulator consists of three principal parts, and may be conveniently constructed
in two forms.
First. An ordinary inverted cup-shaped insulator, made of porcelain, glass, or any
other suitable material, is secured to the metal arm, pin, or bracket in the usual
way, and below this another cup-shaped vessel made of any suitable material is
fixed in such a manner that its upper edge slightly enters into the inverted cup-
shaped opening of the porcelain which carries the wire, leaving a clear space
all round. This lower vessel is then filled with an insulating fluid, such as
paraffin oil.
Secondly. An ordinary cup-shaped insulator, made of porcelain, glass, or other
suitable material, is attached to the post with its usual position reversed, viz., with
the cup-shaped space upwards. Above this is placed a dished metal cover which is
free to rotate round the pin which supports the insulator. The cover projects
slightly beyond the porcelain, and there is a clear space left all round. The cup is

page_text: filled. with an insulating fluid and the metal cover is caused to rotate from time to
time by the action of the wind upon fan-shaped projections attached to its upper
surface or edges, the object of this latter being to break any web or filaments which
might otherwise connect the insulator to the cover, and so to earth.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Walter Claude Johnson and Samuol Edmund Phillips in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th March 1877.
WALTER CLAUDE JOHNSON and SAMUEL EDMUND PHILLIPS, of Victoria Works,
Victoria Road, Charlton, in the County of Kent, Engineers and Electricians.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN INSULATORS FOR TELEGRAPH WIRES."
This Invention relates to constructing insulators for electric telegraph wires,
whereby a better and more uniform insulation is obtained and the inconveniences
resulting from the decrease in the insulation of the line during fog and rain are
obviated. This is effected principally by means of the introduction of a fluid
insulator between the line and the earth.
The insulator consists of three principal parts, and may be conveniently constructed
in three forms, as represented in the annexed Drawings.
First. An ordinary cup-shaped insulator A made of porcelain, glass, or other
suitable material, as shown in Figure 1, having its usual position reversed; namely,
with the cup-shaped space upwards. Above this is placed a dished cover C which
is free to rotate round the pin P on a collar or tube T, which keeps it at a sufficient
distance from the edge of the porcelain. The cover also projects slightly beyond the
porcelain. The cup is filled with any insulating fluid, preferably a fluid hydro-
carbon, which will not support a film of moisture or dust on its surface, and the
cover C being free to rotate from time to time by the action of the wind upon one
or more fan-shaped projections F (Figures 1 and 4) attached to its surfaces or edges,
the object of this latter being to break any web or filaments which might otherwise
connect the insulator to the cover, and so to earth.
Secondly. Instead of the cup vessel being used at the upper part the lower edge
of the insulator A may be turned up inwardly to form the cup for the insulating
fluid, as in Figure 2.
Thirdly A cup-shaped insulator A, Figure 3, made of porcelain, glass, or any
other suitable material, is secured to the metal arm, pin, or bracket P, in the usual
way, and below this another cup-shaped vessel G made of any suitable material is
fixed in such a manner that its upper edge D slightly enters into the inverted cup-
shaped opening of the porcelain which carries the wire, leaving a clear space all
round. This lower vessel is filled, or nearly so, with the insulating fluid, preferably
a fluud hydrocarbon, which will not support a film of moisture or dust on its
surface.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,―
Firstly. The construction and employment of insulators containing an insulating
fluid placed between the "line" and "earth," as and for the purposes set forth.
Secondly. The combination of insulator as described and as shown in Figure 1 of
the annexed Drawings, for the purposes set forth.
Thirdly. The modification described and as shown in Figure 2 of the annexed
Drawings.
Fourthly. We claim the combination of parts, shown in Figure 3 of the annexed
Drawings, fitted and acting in the manner described for the purposes set forth.
Fifthly. Fitting a rotating or revolving appliance on or used in connection with

page_text: insulators, as described and substantially as shown in the annexed Drawings, for
the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof we, the said Walter Claude Johnson and Samuel Edmund
Phillips, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventh day of March,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
WALTER CLAUDE JOHNSON. (LS.)
SAM. EDMUND PHILLIPS.
(L.S.)