STOPPING OF THE BODIES AND WHEELS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Cloake, of No. 6, Saville Row, Walworth, in
the County of Surrey, Watchmaker, for the Invention of "STOPPING OF
DAR
133
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Cloake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st March 1859.
I, THOMAS CLOAKE, of No. 6, Saville Row, Walworth, in the County of Surrey,
Watchmaker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "STOPPING
OF THE BODIES AND WHEELS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improved means for stopping railway
and other carriages by means of additional breaks fixed to the sides or other
parts of the carriage or carriages, and being made to act direct upon the rails;
and at the same time and by the same means, I cause breaks to bear upon
the wheels by a rod or rods fixed under the carriage or carriages acting or
being acted upon by leavers and springs.
Also, an improved means of coupling or connecting railway and other
carriages together by an arrangement of joints and sockets rivetted, screwed,
or bolted together, giving a universal motion. Also, I propose to signal the
guards by the same means as specified above.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Cloake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st September 1859.
-
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, J, THOMAS
CLOAKE, of 6, Saville Row, Walworth, in the County of Surrey, Watchmaker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto I,
the said Thomas Cloake, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Cloake,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Cloake, executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "STOPPING OF THE BODIES AND
WHEELS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Thomas Cloake, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Cloake, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per:
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to retarding and stopping railway carriages, and
consists of a certain improved apparatus or breaks used for that purpose;
whereby the breaksman, at the same time that he applies the breaks of the
van, also applies them to the wheels; of the other carriages of the train; the
break surfaces of each carriage being so connected by levers that the motion
and force applied becomes a thrust between one wheel and the other, so that
the force applied to the one wheel is. the support or abutment of the pressure
applied to the other. I apply the power by means of an upright screw and
band wheel; the screw nut of which rises and falls on such screw and so

page_text: actuates the horizontal arm of the lever, by which the power is increased and
transmitted to the connecting links and levers of the break surfaces. On one of
those levers' a pin is mounted, which takes the slot of an arm projecting from
a horizontal rod, carried throughout the length of the carriage and supported
in suitable bearings, in which it slides lengthways;. the rod of one carriage is
connected by a link piece to the rod of the next carriage, and so on throughout
the train. The same system of breaks being applied to each carriage, these
rods each transmit the motion by the connection before mentioned to their.
several break levers, and so apply the whole of the breaks of the train.
.
My Invention also relates to an improved coupling for connecting railway
carriages to each other, which allows a certain amount of play between the
carriages, at the same time checking for the most part the violent and
disagreeable action and reaction of the buffers when any slight collision occurs.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
α, Cb,
Fig. 1 represents in side elevation, the framework and wheels of a
railway carriage with the breaks arranged according to my Invention.
are the break surfaces, which are the same as usual; b, b, rods or links
connecting the one with the lower end and the. other with the upper end of
the lever c, mounted on a fixed fulcrum d, bolted to the carriage. frame e; fis
another rigid fulcrum bolted to frame e, and on which a lever g, g, works; this
lever is forked at the long end, and embraces a screw nut h, which traversos
up and down on the screwed rod i. The fork of lever has a slot / on each
side, which recieve pins k, k, fixed in nut h, so that any up or down motion of
h constrains the lever g to participate therein; m is the hand wheel fixed on
rod i, which is free to rotate, but rigidly prevented from rising or falling, so
that any rotary motion given thereto by the breaksman compels the rise or
fall of nut h, which is prevented rotating by being square and gripped between
the fork of the lever g; the lever g is connected by link p to the lower end
of lever c; thus any motion given to the hand wheel m is transmitted to this
lever, and according to the direction of motion so will be the application or
withdrawal of the break surfaces a, a, to or from the wheels, with a force
commesurate with the power applied to wheel m, and the leverage or power
obtained by the screw and nut and lever g; q is the pin projecting from lever
c, which takes into the slot of pendant arm r, fixed to rod s, s, s; this rod is
fitted in bearings t, t, and runs throughout the carriage; it is rigidly connected
to a similar rod of next carriage by a link u, attached by suitable. pins or
other contrivance. It will be obvious that any motion given to the break
lever will be transmitted to the next carriage, and so on to all the break

page_text: levers c of the train, each carriage having a duplicate set of parts with the
exception of the lever g and its adjuncts, for imparting the first motion or
motive power. By the thrusting action described between each pair of wheels,
and the application of all the breaks at once, a train may be rapidly checked
and brought to a standstill.
.
Fig. 2 represents a side view of my improved coupling for railway carriages.
vis the ball lever, and w, w, the screws, which take into screw nuts a, a, all
as usual; the nuts a, a, are formed on links y, having bosses, %, at the
opposite ends to receive and permit of the sliding of short rods 1, 1, which
rods are furnished with cross heads 2, 2, free to slide in the links, but which
receive and sustain the tension when coming against the bosses z; the
shoulders 3, 3, limit the traverse of rods 1, 1, and prevent more than a
limited collapse of the coupling, the whole being otherwise rigid; 4, 4, are the
fixed attachments to the carriages, which receive short links 5, free to movo
thereon as on a vertical axis, the other ends of which links are ordinary
joints 6, 6, connecting them to the short rods 1, 1, and having 'the axis
horizontal. Thus the coupling connects, screws, and tightens up the carriages
like ordinary couplings, but offers obstruction to the approach of the carriages
to each other to more than a limited extent, and as permitted by the sliding
of the short rods 1, 1.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be protected by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent.is,―
First, the combination and arrangement of parts represented in the Drawings
annexed, constituting a break or breaks for railway carriages; and I also claim
the connection represented, whereby the breaks of one carriage are connected
with the breaks of the next, all as herein-before described.
Secondly, I claim the arrangement of railway carriage coupling represented
at Fig. 2 of the Drawings annexed and hercin-before described.
::
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Cloake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
THOMAS CLOAKE. (L.S.)