IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING WOOD AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Matthew Glover, of Wortley, near Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR CUTTING WOOD AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Glover at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th July 1874.
I, MATTHEW GLOVER, of Wortley, near Leeds, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING WOOD AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to various improvemonts in the construction
and arrangement of machines for cutting wood or other substances.
One class of machine commonly used for this purpose is composed
of an upright standard or frame in two parts placed opposite to and
connected with cach other by cross bars, stays, or otherwise, each part
having a foot or flango by which it is halted down to the bed or base

page_text: mentioned, so that the wood or other substance being placed thercon
and fed forwards as before is cut in strips of uniform thickness by the
action of the said rotary cutting wheel.
Fourthly. In a further improved construction and arrangement of
gear for cutting wood or other substances consisting of a strong and
peculiarly shaped toothed wheel which is mounted on a horizontal shaft
in bearings carried by a suitable frame. A rotary motion being given
to this wheel the action of its teeth causes a tilt hammer suitably placed
to be alternately raised and dropped, the said hammer being provided
with a blade or knife similar to that first described in such a manner
that the wood or other substance being placed on a table and fed
forwards as before is cut into strips or sections by the dropping of tho
hammer and knife thercon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Matthew Glover in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th January 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MATTHEW
GLOVER, of Wortley, near Leeds, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Matthew Glover, Her special licenso
that I, the said Matthew Glover, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Matthew Glover, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR CUTTING WOOD AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Matthew Glover, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing-under-my-hand-and-scal,

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of tho said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Matthew Glover, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :—
My said Invention relates to machinery to be employed more par-
ticularly for cutting or cleaving wood into strips, slices, or sticks to be
used for firewood, but it is also applicable to the cutting or cleaving
of wood into other forms to be employed for various purposes, and also
to the cutting or cleaving of other substances than wood; and it consists
of a peculiar construction and arrangement of apparatus whereby the
ordinary process of chopping by hand is dispensed with, and the wood
is fed along automatically or otherwise beneath or in front of knives or
cleavers, and is cut or cloven into strips, slices, or sticks, or other forms
as required, by self-acting means.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose
shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a front clevation of a machine
for cutting or cleaving wood or similar substances constructed in accor-
dance with my Invention; Figure 2 is an end view of the same; and
Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are modifications and details which will be
herein-after referred to.
A is a horizontal shaft supported in bearings a, a, carried by vertical
standards B, B, which are connected together by a cross bar ỗ, and
are bolted at their lower end to the bed plate C. On the shaft A there
are mounted driving pullies D, D¹, for receiving motion from any prime
'mover, a fly wheel E, and also face plates F, F, for transmitting the

page_text: motion to the knives or cleavers in the manner next herein-after
explained. The face plates F, F, are cach provided with a stud o
arranged eccentrically to which is attached one end of a connecting
rod d, whilst the opposite end of such rods are attached to other studs
e, e, formed on or secured to vertical slides G. These slides which are
connected together by a cross bar ƒ work in grooves or slots G³ formed
in the vertical standards B, B, and carry knives or cleavers H, H, for
cutting or cleaving the wood which is fed along beneath them.
In my Drawings I have shewn additional knives or cleavers H², H³,
disposed centrally between the two standards B, B, and attached by a
frame g to, the cross bar f, the object of which additional knives or
cleavers will be herein-after explained. I, I, are tables on which is
placed the wood to be cut or cloven which is fed along intermittently
as required either by hand or in the following manner :—h, h, h³, h³, are
rollers, the surface of which is grooved or roughened as shewn, and
between which the wood to be out or cloven is placed. The rollers h, h,
are carried in fixed bearings attached to the standards B, B, or to the
tables I, I, whilst the rollers h¹, h¹, are mounted in bearings formed on
the ends of rods i, i, which are fitted so as to be capable of sliding in
brackets or supports k, k, carried by the tables I, I. On the under side
of the tables I, I, there are formed or fixed other brackets 1, 1, for
supporting a horizontal shaft m on which there are mounted a ratchet
wheel n to which motion is imparted intermittently by means of a
pawl o in the manner herein-after described, and also bevel wheels q, q,
which drive bevel wheels r, r, fast on the spindles carrying the rollers
h¹, h¹, whereby motion is transmitted intermittently to those rollers, and
the wood fed along as required. The rollers h, h, revolve by frictional
contact, springs 8, 8, for maintaining the rollers , h, in contact with
the wood, and also springs &³, &³, for maintaining the bevel wheels q, q,
in gear with the wheels r, r, being provided as shewn.
The arrangement employed for imparting motion intermittently to
the feed rollers is shewn in detail on an enlarged scale in Figures
3 and 4, which represent respectively a side elevation and plan of that
portion of the mechanism. The pawl o is jointed to a forked frame 1
which is fitted loosely on the shaft m and embrace the ratchet wheel n
through the boss 2 of which frame passes the vertical rod p so as to
be capable of sliding therethrough. The rod pis hinged at its upper

page_text: means by employing additional rollers arranged in the manner herein-
before described:
In lieu of employing the central knives or cleavers H³, H', I may
form on or attach to the knives or cleavers H, H, a series of cross blades
or knives arranged at right angles, or at any other suitable angle thereto,
and either passing through slots in the main knife or cleaver, or formed
on or attached separately thereto at the side as desired, by which means
the wood may be cut at one operation into sticks or sections of various
forms suitable for firewood and other purposes.
) Figure 5 represents a front elevation, and Figure 6, a vertical section
of a portion of two knives or cleavers drawn to an enlarged scale, and
fitted with cross or projecting blades in accordance with this modifi-
cation. “, u', are the cross blades; v, v, are guard plates made of a
curved form at their lower end so as to be in contact with the knives
or cleavers H, H, as shewn, but arranged at their upper end so as to
stand out from the said knives or cleavers and leave a space into which
the blades u, u³, are fitted:
:
The blades u, u', are by preference attached to the knives or cleavers
H; H; in the following manner, so as to be capable of ready removal
O therefrom at pleasure, or when it is required to employ the main knives
or cleavers alone :-The guard plates v, v, have formed in them longi-
tudinal slots w, w³, into which the blades ", ¹, are passed, and also
transverse grooves x, x¹, at the back for the reception of projections y…y³,
with which the blades u, u, respectively are provided, and the blades
26, 2³, are secured to the knives or cleavers H; H, when required by
passing them into the slots to, i¹, and causing their projections y, y',
to engage in the transverse grooves a, a, respectively, and then wedging
'up such blades by attaching the guard plates v, v, carrying them to the
knives or cleavers H, H, by screws &, so that by simply unscrewing the
> latter the whole may be readily removed....
j
For cutting firewood I prefer to arrange the alternato cross blades
at. different clevations, as illustrated in the Drawing, in, which the
blades for example extend nearly to the extremity of the main
knives or cleavers H, H, whilst the blades are placed at a greater
5 height, this arrangement having been found to facilitate the cutting
or cleaving of the wood, and to obviate the undue_strain_to_which_

page_text: wood or other similar substance placed on a table is fed forward in the
manner hercin-beforo described, and is cut into slices, strips, or sections
by the descent of the hammer carrying the choppers or cleavers, as before
mentioned.
P
:
I have not considered it necessary to illustrate the two modifications
lastly herein-before described, as their nature and the mode of carrying
them into effect will be readily understood by persons accustomed to the
classes of apparatus referred to.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to mo
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,—
First. The application and use to and in the cutting or cleaving of
wood or other similar substances of knives or cleavers actuated by recip-
rocating bars or slides, substantially as and for the purpose heroin-before
described and as illustrated by my Drawings.
Second. The combination with a knife or cleaver for cutting or
O cleaving wood or other similar substances into strips or slices, of a
cross blade or blades, or a blade or blades, placed at an angle to
such knife or cleaver for dividing the strips or slices into sticks
or sections, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by
my Drawings.
D
Third. Automatically feeding the wood or other similar substance to
be cut or cloven to the knives or cleavers by rollers operated inter-
mittently by means of a pawl and ratchet wheel, or their equivalents
from the slide, or other reciprocating portion of the machine, sub-
stantially as heroin-before described and illustrated by my Drawings.
Fourth. The application and use to and in the cutting. or cleaving of
wood or other similar substances of a rotating wheel carrying a knife or
cleaver, or knives or cleavers, and arranged and operating substantially
in the manner heroin-hefore described.

page_text: Fifth. The application and use to and in the cutting for; cleaving
of wood or other similar substances of tilt choppers or cleavers arranged
and operating substantially in the manner herein-before. described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Glover, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of t
January One thousand cight hundred and soventy-five.