Year: 1899

page_text: Improv
I, HERMANN WINKLER, of 97, Dresdener Strasse, Berlin, in the German Empire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in hanging lamps or lanterns for incan-
descent gas, acetylene gas or other burners and constructed to resemble the
electrical arc lamp or the well known inverted Wenham, Siemens or Schülke
lamps. Such lamps have hitherto been composed essentially of the opaque upper
part, generally composed of metal or majolica ware, and of the globe consisting
of transparent or translucent material.
All lamps or lanterns so constructed naturally throw a deep shadow upwards
so that in closed chambers or the like the portion of the ceiling situated above
the lamp receives comparatively very little light.
Now, one object of this invention is to obviate the above described disadvantage
and to this end I make the upper part of the lamp of transparent or translucent
material, for example, it can be made of variously shaped or variously coloured
glass.
In carrying out the invention, the gases of combustion from the burners are
drawn away through the outlet tube at the top of the glass globe and at the same
time the air required for combustion is drawn into the glass globe either at
the top or bottom. When the air enters the globe from above only, the said
globe is closed at its lower part and the draught device is so constructed that
the air can enter at the lower edge of the usual sheet metal jacket and can pass
to the opening of the glass globe whilst the gases of combustion can escape
through the central draught or outlet tube.
The gas supply can be effected through a central tube or through a two limbed
or branched pipe. In either case the gas supply pipe holds an annular or suit-
ably shaped frame upon which the draught device with the outer above described
jacket rests. The upper part of the lamp consists of the central tube, the jacket.
an upper tube and a cap. These parts all consist of translucent or transparent
material. The frame consists mainly of two concentric rings which are connected
together by bars or rods, the free space remaining between the rings is glazed
with translucent or transparent material, such as frosted glass, clear glass, etc.,
so that the upper edge of the glass globe can be adjacent to the glazing. The
arrangement is suitable for all kinds of gas and petroleum lamps.
When the draught device is formed of metal the upper cap is made (in con-
tradistinction to those heretofore manufactured) in such a manner that it can
be placed loosely upon the chimney and easily removed. The metal shade of
the lamp is provided with hooks or claws which can be bent and which serve
to fasten the shade upon the upper glass or metal part of the lamp.
The cock or valve fitted to the lamp is provided with an arm or lever to the
outer end of which there is secured a rod extending down through the lamp shade.
This rod is furnished at its lower end with a ring which is always visible under
the shade and serves as a handle for opening and closing the cock. When the

page_text: cock is fitted to the bottom of the gas pipe underneath the burners, the plug
projects through the lower opening of the globe and lies inside a tube upon
which the globe holder 'is movably secured. The cock can be so arranged that
the gas pipe is connected either laterally or to the top part of its casing and it
can operate with an ignition flame device; it is adjustable from the outside by
means of a key so that it can be opened and closed without removing the globe
from the lamp.
Improvements in Hanging Lamps.
I, HERMANN WINKLER, of 97, Dresdener Strasse, Berlin, in the German Empire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:.
-
This invention relates to improvements in hanging lamps or lanterns for incan-
descent gas, acetylene gas or other burners and constructed to resemble the
electrical arc lamp or the well known inverted Wenham, Siemens or Schülke
lamps. Such lamps have hitherto been composed essentially of the opaque upper
part, generally composed of metal or majolica ware, and of the globe consisting
of transparent or translucent material.
All lamps or lanterns so constructed naturally throw a deep shadow upwards
so that in closed chambers or the like the portion of the ceiling situated above
the lamp receives comparatively very little light.
Now, one object of this invention is to obviate the above described disadvantage
and to this end I make the upper part of the lamp of transparent or translucent
material, for example, it can be made of variously shaped or variously coloured
glass.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is an elevation of a lamp made according to the invention:""
Figure 2 is a vertical section of a lamp made according to the invention:
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a portion of the lamp drawn to a larger scale.
Figure 4 is a plan view of a detail hereinafter described.
Figure 5 is an elevation of a lantern constructed according to the invention.
Figure 6 is a vertical section, and
Figure 7 a plan thereof with the top removed.
Figures 1 and 2 shew an incandescent lamp wherein the burners a," are placed
inside the glass globe b. The gases of combustion from the burners are drawn
away through the outlet tube c at the top of the glass globe and at the same
time the air required for combustion is drawn into the said glass globe b either at
the top or bottom... When the air enters the globe from above only, the said
globe is closed at its lower part and the draught device is so constructed that
the air can enter the.openings d at the lower edge of the jacket'd and can pass
to the opening 61 of the glass globe, whilst the gases of combustion can escape
through the central draught or outlet tube c of the lamp.
T..
The gas supply can be effected through a central tube or as shewn through
a two limbed or branched pipe f, f. In either case the gas supply pipe holds
an annular or suitably shaped frame (Figures 3 and 4) upon which the drauglit

page_text: device with the outer above described jacket d rests. The upper part of the
lamp consists of the central tube c, the jacket d, an upper tube e and a cap g.
These parts all consist of translucent or transparent material. The frame con-
sists mainly of two concentric rings h and h¹ which are connected together by
bars or rods ha; the free space remaining between the rings can be glazed with
translucent or transparent material h³ (as shewn in Figure 3), such as frosted
glass, clear glass, etc., so that the upper edge of the glass globe can be adjacent
to the glazing; in this case the air is supplied to the burner through the holes c¹
in the tube c. The arrangement is suitable for all kinds of gas and petroleum
lamps.
When the draught device is formed of perforated metal fitted with glass at
the back or with external decorated panes, the upper cap g is made (in con-
tradistinction to those heretofore manufactured) in such a manner that it can
be placed loosely upon the chimney and easily removed. The outer metal shade
of the lamp can be provided with hooks or claws which can be bent and which
serve to fasten the shade upon the upper glass or metal part of the lamp.
The cock or valve i fitted to the lamp is provided with an arm or lever j
to each outer end of which there is secured a rod or the like extending down-
wards. This rod or the like k is furnished at its lower end with a ring serving
as a handle for opening and closing the cock. When the cock i is fitted to the
bottom of the gas pipe underneath the burners, the plug projects through the
lower opening of the globe and lies inside a tube upon which the globe holder
is movably secured. The cock can be so arranged that the gas pipe is connected
either laterally or to the top part of its casing and it can operate with an ignition
flame device; it is adjustable from the outside by means of a key so that it
can be opened and closed without removing the globe from the lamp.
Transparent lanterns as heretofore used possess the disadvantage that only a
small proportion of the light rays emanating from their burners is efficiently used,
that is to say, the rays which are projected upwards from the source of light are
nearly wholly lost, whilst those light rays which are practically horizontal are
only useful for illuminating the place containing the lantern in so far as they
can pass through the more or less opaque glass.
To obviate this disadvantage the source of light is arranged underneath the
transparent casing and where necessary is enclosed in a protective globe or other
suitable protective covering which is made of clear glass so that the full illumina-
ting power of the source of light can be utilized.
This arrangement is particularly applicable for incandescent gas burners which,
as is well known, have their maximum illuminating power above the horizontal.
The arrangement is also suitable for electric arc lamps.
Referring now to Figures 5, 6 and 7 which represent a lantern having the above
described improvements m is a reflector open at the centre and arranged above
the source of light a and underneath the transparent casing n.
The transparent casing n is a cylindrical, conical or prismatic glass chamber
which can be made in one or more parts. This chamber rests upon the perforated
frame or shade m which is rigidly secured to the gas connections and is formed
at the centre with an orifice which is of such a size and is so arranged that the
rays from the source of light can strike as many points as possible of the trans-
parent sides of the casing n. The transparent casing or chamber n can be pro-
vided in the centre with a pipe or the like to convey away the gaseous products
of combustion. In order to direct the upwardly streaming rays, which would
not meet the transparent sides, on to the said sides I can arrange above the
source of light and inside the transparent casing a suitably shaped reflector.
When the source of light is formed by a group of burners some of the said
burners can be arranged above the others and if desired the upper flames can
project into the interior of the transparent casing this arrangement retaining
the characteristic feature of the lantern, that is to say, illuminating chiefly in
a downward direction and upwardly through the medium of the transparent casing.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A hanging lamp resembling an electric arc lamp or the so called incan-
ilescent arc lamps with a transparent or translucent upper part consisting of one
or more superposed pipes of different shape arranged above a glass globe or the
like for conveying away the soot or the gases of combustion, substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying
drawings.
2. In a lamp or lantern the combination of a transparent casing with one or
more sources of light arranged beneath it and from which those light rays above
the horizontal plane are utilized for illuminating the casing and remaining rays
serving to illuminate the space beneath the transparent casing, substantially as
described and illustrated in Figures 5 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
3. In an arrangement of the kind described in Claim 2 the application of a per-
forated frame or reflector underneath the transparent casing and above the source of
light, substantially as described.
4. In an arrangement of the kind described in Claims 1 and 2 the employment
of a reflector inside the casing for directing the upwardly streaming light rays
on to the glazed side of the transparent casing, substantially as described.
5. In an arrangement of the kind described in Claims 1 and 2 the employment
of a source of light composed of a group of burners arranged at the same or at
different heights, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated the 17th day of November 1800
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.