IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND OTHER BOILERS, ALSO OF STEEL AND OTHER PLATES FOR BOILER MAKING, SHIPBUILDING, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Whitley, of Railway Works, Leeds, in the County
of York, Engineer and Founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND OTHER BOILERS, ALSO OF STEEL AND OTHER
PLATES FOR BOILER MAKING, SHIPBUILDING, AND OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Whitley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1879.
JOSEPH WHITLEY, of Railway Works, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer
and Founder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND OTHER
BOILERS, ALSO OF STEEL AND OTHER PLATES FOR BOILER MAKING, SHIPBUILDING,
AND OTHER PURPOSES.".
Whereas steel boiler plates and steel plates for the construction of ships have
hitherto been made from ingot steel, I cast a cylindrical bloom, and roll or otherwise
manipulate it to the required size and thickness for the boiler. When not required
for boiler purposes I cut open the cylindrical plate for ship building or other
purposes.
Cylindrical blooms may be cast of steel or other metal or compound of metals
in ordinary moulds, but I prefer to cast them in rotatory moulds specially con-
structed with base and head parts separate, and the cylindrical part to be composed
of thin washers with projections on one side. Boiler plate blooms thus made and
plates for shipbuilding purposes will have much greater density, homogenity, and
strength. When blooms thus made are required for steam boilers, they are rolled
to required thickness and diameter, and are then coupled up to the length
required. By this means I can construct boilers without rivets, for which purpose
I cast hoop blooms as above, and roll them out to the required thickness to cover
the jumped or other joints. When I make boilers without rivets I cast suitable
dome, elliptical, or flat ends with ribs, and bolt up with bolt or bolts to complete
the boiler. The ends of the shell parts are made a little conical, and the interior.
surface of the hoops and dome or other ends are bored to suit the same.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Whitley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th March
1880.
JOSEPH WHITLEY, of Railway Works, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer
and Founder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND OTHER
BOILERS, ALSO OF STEEL AND OTHER PLATES FOR BOILER MAKING, SHIPBUILDING,
AND OTHER PURPOSES."
The object of my Invention is to increase the density, homogenity, and strength
of all classes of steel and other metals and compounds of metals when their
molecules are passing from the liquid to a solid state in castings, for the purpose
of giving greater tenacity and durability to the material used in the construction
of steam boilers, ships' girders, and other structures where great strain has to be
resisted, and also in the construction of special machinery required in the
manufacture of the same into the above or other articles.
This may be done in various ways, as by the application of hydraulic power,
steam, air, or screw pressure applied to the metals whilst in a liquid state, but I
prefer to avail myself of the force which is developed by matter in motion for the
compression of the liquid particles. And whilst I do not claim the right to patent
a rotating motion machine (having obtained Letters Patent for that principle some
time ago), I claim as my Invention the casting of steel shells or cylindrical blooms
for the purpose of constructing steam boilers and plates for other purposes, and to
accomplish this I avail myself of the power or force developed by high speeds in a
centrifugal direction for the purpose of compressing the liquid steel or other metals
or compounds of metals into hollow cylindrical shell or other plates for the purpose
of constructing steam boilers and plates, or solid ingots for other purposes, and for
which purpose I construct special moulds and machinery, as follows:-
When I construct a straght hollow cylindrical shell plate mould or chill for the
purpose of casting shell blooms in for steam boilers, I build up the shell portion of
the mould or chill with thin washers, rings, or segments of the same, or cylindrical
segments of steel or other metal made longitudinally, or otherwise, with or without
projections on the side or sides forming openings betwixt the sides of the washers,
rings or segments of washers, rings, or plates, which constitute the moulds or chills
for the purpose of letting out the gases generated in the casting process, or I
perforate the cylindrical segments, which washers or segments are then bolted up
interspersed with loose taper segments and springs, each of which can be knocked
or drawn out after casting, for the purpose of facilitating expansion and contraction
when casting corrugated, flanged, or socket ended, or other shells, or otherwise fixed
to the base and head part of the mould, and which are then turned and bored true
and faced with ganister or other moulding material, or otherwise, or I cast suitable
shells, or forge suitable iron or steel shells or chills with which to construct the
cylindrical part of my mould when required for parallel shells; this mould or chill
fixed on the end of a spindle, or otherwise, has its outer end supported upon
revolving rollers or pulleys, or it may revolve upon a central shaft, or otherwise, by
which means access to the interior of the mould is facilitated, and lateral strain is
prevented or taken up when the metal is poured into the mould or chill, and the
entire length of which can expand when the heat comes on by the yielding of the
springs, as above. The shell mould is also provided at the inner end with a loose
central plate or cross bar having a central ring, staple, or hook, or hole with screw
thread for the purpose of dragging or forcing the shell casting out of the mould as
soon as crystalization has settled, so that the shell or plate may be completed in the
rolling mill, or otherwise, before the first caloric forces are expended, or the mould
may be hinged together and open down the centre when made, of segments, so as to
liberate the shell or shell plate casting.

page_text: "
"
Runners. The metal may be poured in at the outer or open end of the mould,
but I prefer to introduce the metal through or by a runner or "gate," so as to
deliver the metal near to the surface of the of the chill or mould;
the " runner" may
be a stationary one, but I prefer to use a compound runner, the outer portion of which
may be stationary, and the inner or bottom end so constructed as to be able to
revolve in the opposite direction of the shell mould for the purpose of giving greater
impact to the liquid particles of the metal when casting the shells, or when required
it may revolve in the direction of the chill or mould at the same or any other speed
when casting vertically.
These chills or moulds by being so constructed can be adapted to any required
length, thus a boiler twenty one feet in length can be formed of three shell castings
seven feet long, or by removing a number of washers or segment parts which form
the shell part of the chill or mould I can adapt the mould to four lengths of five feet
three inches, thereby increasing the strength of the boiler by the introduction of a
third joint hoop, which forms an additional base of superior strength.
By this class of mould I can produce cast steel or other metallic bloom shells per-
fectly parallel, or with socket ends for boiler shells, or shells corrugated or flanged,
perfectly free from blow holes, of superior density, homogenity, and strength, which
shell bloom castings may be rolled or otherwise reduced to the required thickness
before cooling, and thus save the cost of time and fuel in reheating; or they may
be cast the required size and thickness, and properly annealed to give ductility, and
if required can (after being finally cooled down in an annealing stove and faced or
otherwise adjusted at their respective ends) be applied to the construction of a
boiler, and be put together with or without rivets. I apply steel and other metallic
shells thus constructed for the purpose of making steam boilers, boiler flues, hollow,
cylindrical, or elliptical girders; and I also cast hollow cylindrical plates or blooms
in chills or moulds thus constructed, which shell blooms can be rolled out to any
required thickness, opened down one side, or they may be cast the required thick-
ness with a slit across or lengthwise to facilitate the seperation of the plate, as
required, into one or more, and straightened out for shipbuilding and other purposes
when properly annealed; by thus increasing the density, homogenity, and strength
of the material to the highest maximum, weight is materially economized and
durability increased. In all cases I prefer that boiler shells and plates so made
should not be subject to an irregular process of cooling by being placed in contact
with cold matter, but to a gentle annealing influence, especially as there is a vast
amount of unemployed caloric force passing off, which might be thus beneficially
employed in all our steel works.
For the purpose of facilitating a large cast of such shells or shell plates I construct
a number of moulds or chills which are kept dry and warm in a suitable stove, and
having constructed a suitable tram road or revolving stage I convey the moulds or
chills into the required position for casting, so that consecutive casting and replacing
can be continued until the whole of the metal in the ladle is consumed; thus whilst
the latter plates are being cast those cast first are passing through the rolls, and no
second heating is required.
The plates of a cast thus formed are placed near together in suitable receptacles
for the purpose of annealing and giving greater ductility and malleability when
required; and to facilitate this object and to prevent corrosion or oxidation I con-
struct suitable tanks, in which I put the plates hot from the rolling mill, the same
being separated with strips of nail rod. By this process I give sufficient annealing
to mild steel, and when cooled down to 180 or 200 degrees Fahrenheit I exhaust
the air from the same and then fill the tank with oil or other suitable material
under high pressure, and allow the plates to cool down; thus I complete annealed
oiled ship-plates ready for use before the caloric force which fused the metal has
passed off.
When I cast solid ingot blooms for steam boiler stay bolts and other purposes
I prefer to cast two or more at the same time, and for this purpose my machinery
and the arrangement of it varies materially, and in which case I form a table stage,

page_text: or other frame work to which I bolt or otherwise fix my ingot moulds or chills,
with their several openings converging to a centre or otherwise, in which I form
a "runner or "gateway to each mould, which "gate" or "runner
"
"
may be
varied, as required, according to the size and description or form of the ingot to be
made, and which "gateways and moulds I prepare with suitable linings or
otherwise construct, as described above, according to the article to be cast. In the
outer ends of those ingot moulds I insert a screw or other means for the purpose of
forcing the ingot out of the chill or mould whilst hot, or for the purpose of drawing
the mould or chill out of its position immediately after the ingot is set or
crystalized, having thus prepared my moulds and baving ascertained the amount of
metal required to fill the saine sufficiently I provide the required quantity of liquid
metal, and when ready I cause the stage on which the moulds or chills are mounted
to revolve, and when at the proper speed, and which must vary from two hundred
revolutions per minute and upwards, according to the length and weight of the
ingots to be cast, I cause the liquid steel or other metal or compounds of metals to
be run into the moulds, by which means great advantages are gained. A. In pre-
venting to a considerable extent the loss hitherto sustained by the whole trade in
the manufacture of crucible steel by what is commonly called "piping," and which
fact necessitates the breaking off and remelting of the top end of a considerable
number of the ingots, and which "piping is a natural consequence of the present
mode of filling the ingot moulds or chills; B, in preventing by compression the
gases from accumulating, and hence their consequent cavities when crystalization
sets in by producing a greater density of the molecules whilst in their liquid state,
and thereby increasing the strength and homogenity of the metal; and C, by pre-
venting the formation of those "blow holes" which no possible amount of any kind
of manipulation can eradicate subsequent to the formation of those gaseous globules
which are ever present, and which globules, if not prevented whilst the metals are
in their highest state of liquefaction will continue to be present so long as granu-
lated molecules and crystals are allowed to assume a natural formation, and which
gases have their origin en masse by being liberated during the cooling process from
the interstices which they occupied during the greater liquefaction consequent upon
higher temperatures, and which after congregating together are always bound up
by solidification like air holes in ice, and remain until the substance in which they
are confined is remelted; when they are again reabsorbed their form may be
changed but they cannot be eradicated, and this rule applies to every known
casting, and the expulsion of which gases remains up to this day the one great desi-
deratum from the blast furnace to the casting of a steel ingot, and which accumu-
lation can only be prevented as above.
When I cast steel or other metal or compounds of metals for the purpose of
making steam boilers, boiler fiues, large water pipes, girders, or other similar
structures, I cast a cylindrical shell plate of the required weight. If the
shell is required of a corrugated or other irregular form, I then adapt my
outer mould to suit and construct an internal core or core mould, so as to
revolve or otherwise corresponding to the outer corrugated or other lines, and
adjust the same, so as to indicate the required internal lines and thickness of
the shells whilst the outer mould is revolving, and which core or mould may
revolve upon a central shaft or upon pivots with adjustable springs or otherwise
for the purpose of giving proper set to the internal lines. If for a single socket
ended large tube or pipe I fix an internal standard core nould to the base of
the general mould or chill, as the most convenient end for manipulation, or
otherwise form the required socket. When casting parallel shells I affix a
revolving signal in connection with a bell or otherwise, so as to indicate the
thickness of the metal run in to the chill or mould, which means enables me to cast
a series of shell blooms from one large receiving ladle at the same time without
otherwise measuring out the required weights of metal for the separate casts, and
then by subsequent manipulation I hammer or roll the shell plate to the required
size and thickness. When the shells are for steam boilers I slightly enlarge the

page_text: two ends so as to form bearing beds for the hoops. When this process is accomplished
I place the shells in a proper annealing furnace and allow the same to cool down
gradually. I then face the ends of the shell plates so made, and when ready I bore
out suitable hoops, belts, or straps, cast, and rolled, and annealed as above, and
having set the ends of two shell plates in position I heat a hoop formed as above to
the required temperature and then place and contract it on or otherwise affix it in
position; or the shell portions of the boilers may be thickened internally and the
hoops turned to receive them, in which case the shells would be contracted on to
the hoops and rivetted or otherwise affixed. When the shell portions of the boilers
are completed as above I drill and tap a few holes through the belts or straps which
cover the shell joints for steel screws or rivets for the purpose of preventing any
possible casualty from disturbing the hoops, and I then caulk the joints of the
latter with a light caulking tool. For the purpose of closing the ends of the boilers
I cast suitable dome, elliptical, or flat ends with or without ribs for strengthening
purposes, and with projecting flanges for lagging purposes, and with bosses in a
line with or at required angles to the boiler shells, according to their respective sizes,
with or without socket joints, and turn (or otherwise fit and secure the same in
position by suitable stay bolts or otherwise, which stay bolts are passed through or
screwed into the bosses cast upon boiler ends, as described above, by which means
I produce a superior boiler for any required pressure of steam; or I form my boiler
ends with stuffing box journals to enable me to cause steam boilers to rotate whilst
under steam, in which case I place the fire under the boiler and take the steam
from the top of the interior of the boiler through one or both journals by means of
a stationary steam pipe properly mounted in stuffing boxes; and I also feed the boiler
through the journal or journals, by which means I get more steam room, steadier
pressure, dryer steam, and greater durability of boiler. In special cases where extra-
ordinary strain is to be resisted, to wit, in steam boilers where very high pressures are
required, and in hydraulic presses and other appliances, I then connect an electric
battery to my mould or chill so as to pass a current of electricity through the liquid
metal whilst the bloom or casting is being formed, for the purpose of aiding in the
further solidification of the particles constituting the steel or other bloom, first by
assisting in the expulsion of the metallic ethers; and, second, by aiding in the
formation of an external base of crystalization in such a manner that there shall be
but one set or line of crystalization, and that one an even convergence from the
circumference of the shell to the centre, thus causing the greatest possible density
and homogenity which can be given to liquid metals, and hence in steel shells for
boilers or other purposes the greatest strength. This may be done by causing.
batteries to rotate with the moulds or chills, having their connections formed by
passing the wires through the sides of the mould from and to the battery, but I
prefer to pass the wires in at the open end of the mould, the same to terminate
with springs or otherwise, having pivots attached at the ends with revolving
runners, so constructed that by contact with the mould the runners are caused to
revolve when the mould is put in motion, and being properly fixed will continue to
rise on the surface of the liquid metal when the same is poured into the chill or
mould by the yielding of the spring to which the runners are adjusted, thus making
and keeping the circuit complete; or I place an iron or other hoop at the end or
ends of the moulds, or otherwise, for the purpose of driving the contact runners so
that the hoops become the conductors from the moment the steel or other metal is
in contact with them, or I connect to the axle of the mould, or otherwise.
For the purpose of making steel ingots ingot moulds may be formed in two halves
lengthwise, and which may be elliptical, half round, or square, with lugs on one
half, or otherwise forming a base for the mould to rest upon; but for the purpose
of casting bolt steel I prefer that the ingots should be round when the bolts are
required for boiler purposes, in which case I form the ingot moulds of separate
washers or longitudinal segments as in the case of the shell part of the boiler shell
mould, having a screw piston or other appliance passing through the bottom of the
ingot mould by which to force the mould off the ingot, after which the bolt ingots

page_text: can be hammered or rolled to size and length required for bolt or rivet purposes
before the caloric force is spent at the centre, after which I carefully anneal the
same in suitable material apart from the action of the atmosphere in air tight
vessels, the bolts being cast of the same metal which the boiler shell hoops and ends
are cast of.
Bolts made by the above process are stronger, first, by preventing all possibility
of the accumulation of gaseous globules, thereby preventing what are called "blow
holes;" second, by increasing the density of the molecules in their first formation,
so as to expel the gaseous vapours, and which prevention has never been practically
obtained before, thus constituting the great desideratum of metallurgical science so
much desired of late. By this means the crystalization is induced to converge in
direct lines from the circumference to the centre of the ingot, thereby adding con-
siderably to its strength by preventing the formation of right angle lines of crystal
set, which when fully developed will sever some castings asunder; and, third, by
establishing a more perfect homogenity throughout the entire mass, and thereby
adding materially to its power of resistance when applied as a bolt or stay when
under great strain or high steam pressure.
Boilers thus made of steel prepared as above, without longitudinal joints, are
stronger and possess much more life endurance than any other known mode of
construction, and this principle applies also to boilers made of copper and the
compounds of copper and other metals.
When I construct steel plates for shipbuilding and other purposes to secure the
greatest possible strength I proceed in the casting department as above, and having
ascertained the breadth, length, and thickness of the plates required I set and other-
wise adjust my shell, mould, and thickness indicating gauge, and proceed as described
above to cast (with or without a groove or grooves), and roll and afterwards to slit
or cut open the cylindrical shell, and then flatten out the plate so rolled, and having
divided or cut the same into the required lengths and shapes I subsequently anneal,
as before, so as to preserve a perfect tensile strength and elasticity in the whole of
the ship or other structure for which the plates may be required. Plates thus
made having considerably more density, homogenity, and strength, can be made
much lighter, thereby adding a proportionate carrying capacity to all ships and
other vessels constructed of such plates; also plates thus made can be cast with
perfect lines, thus preventing the great sacrifice of weight lost in the present
shearing scrap" caused by squaring the ship and other plates after the "slabs "
leave the rolling mills.
I also construct moulds, as hereinbefore described, for the purpose of casting
small vertical boilers in two or more parts having Galloway or other tubes.
And for the further illustration of my said Invention I now proceed to describe
the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Sheet 1, Fig. 1, plate mould in section, shewing boiler shell plate and thick-
ness indicator; Fig. 2, runner mounted on carriage, to which is bolted thickness
indicator; Fig. 3, detached ladle; Fig. 4, plan of ingot mould, shewing slides and
stripping screws; Fig. 5, sectional elevation of Fig. 4, with runner attached; Fig. 6,
sectional elevation of small vertical steel boiler cast in two or more parts, and put
together with bolts at A.
Sheet 2, Fig. 1, corrugated tube or plate mould with flanged tube in position, also
internal corrugated roller, which forms the internal lines of the casting; Fig. 2,
large water pipe, pillar, or pit lining mould; Fig. 3, runner with thickness indicator;
Fig. 4, metal ladle; Fig. 5, boiler end, shewing position of locking and stay_bolts,
with ribbed bosses; Fig. 6, sectional view of the opposite end of Fig. 5; Fig. 7,
manhole shell plate of Figs. 5 and 6; Fig. 8, section of manhole plate.
Sheet 3, Fig. 1, section of a boiler; A, sbell plates turned at the joints; A¹, boiler
ends; B, four hoops bored out and contracted on; C, four flue shells with expansion

page_text: joint flanges; D, inanhole with cast ribbed lid; E, cast steel dome; F, furnace door
frame; Fig. 2, A, cast steel boiler ends with double stuffing box journals with
internal ribs (which may be supplemented with ribs outside); B, boiler standards;
C, four shell plates; D, five hoops; E, bearing roller to take up lateral strain; F;
manhole with lid; G, feed pipe, with check valve; H and I, driving gear; J, steam
pipe; K, stay fixed upon steam pipe to support water gauge pipe; L, water gauge
pipe; M, stuffing box glands; N, lubricating cavities; O, collar standard carrying
safety valve, pressure gauge, and stay for water gauge; P, main stop tap; Q, lock
bolts; R, grate bar bearers; S, furnace doors; T, water gauge waste pipe; Fig. 3,
end view in part of Fig. 2, shewing circular flue, which may be divided into several
before the product of combustion enters the main flue to the shaft; A, boiler end;
B, standard or bearer in which the boiler revolves; C, the journal end; D, the
steam pipe; E, the lock bolt bosses flanged together; F, air tight door and frame
plate in front of ash pit; G, air pipe from blower; H, wall bolts; I, front plate ;
J, main flue.
Sheet 4, Fig. 1, cast cylindrical plate with division groove ready for opening out;
Fig. 2, plate in the process of being rolled out; Fig. 3, a plate flattened out ready
for shipbuilding or for other purposes; Fig. 4, shewing a plate cast in strips for
shipbuilding or other purposes, and which without the cross groove or slit would
form hoops for boiler joints, also when cast lighter hoops for cart wheels and for
other purposes.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and some of the various
applications of the same, I wish it to be understood that I in no way limit myself
to those several applications, nor to the precise form and arrangement of the
apparatus, as herein-before described, as these may be variously modified, as before
stated, without departing from the nature of my Invention, but what I now claim
as new and novel in my Invention is,-
-
First. The casting and application of cylindrical steel shells, and shells of other
metallic substances for the special purpose of constructing steam boilers, boiler flues,
plain or corrugated, large water pipes, "pit linings" or "tubbings," tubular girders,
foundation piers, and plates for the construction of ships, and for other purposes
substantially as herein before described.
Second. The manufacture of steel plates from cast cylindrical shells without re-
heating the metal after it has been poured into chills or moulds, substantially as
herein before described.
Third. The passing of a current of electricity through the liquid metal whilst forming
the shells and ingots so made for the purpose of aiding in the expulsion of metallic
ethers before crystalization sets in, substantially as herein-before described.
Fourth. The construction of metallic chills or other moulds for the purpose of
manufacturing the required forms of steel and other castings from metals or
compounds of metals whilst in a liquid state, substantially as herein-before
described.
Fifth. The annealing and cooling down in oil or other material of plates in air
tight tanks, substantially as herein-before described.
Sixth. The special adaptation required in the construction and application of the
mechanical arrangement of the chills or moulds, with or without the internal portions
or cores revolving on pivots having adjustable springs or otherwise for the purpose
of giving proper set to the lines in the construction of the inner curves, and to give
direction to the required formation of the molecules and crystalization of the same,
substantially as herein-before described.
Seventh. The insertion of conic or other loose segments or springs in the con-
struction of revolving metallic or other moulds, which strips or wedge shaped pieces
or springs when knocked or drawn out permit of the shortening of the chills or
moulds during the contraction of the cylindrical shell or other casting, and also
prevent the warping of the mould by sudden expansion arising from the transmitted
heat, substantially as herein-before described.
Eighth. The filling of two or more ingot moulds with liquid metal whilst the

page_text: moulds are revolving for the purpose of manufacturing bolt and rivet steel, or steel
for other purposes, substantially as herein-before described.
"
at or
Ninth. A rotating central "gate" with throttled "runner" or "runners
near the base, the lower portion being chambered, and the upper portion or vertical
part of which is stationary, whilst the lower is revolving, substantially as herein-
before described.
:
Tenth. The construction and application of an independent rotating runner for
the purpose of giving greater impact to the liquid particles of metal by causing it
to be delivered whilst revolving in an opposite direction to the rotation of the shell,
mould, or chill which has to receive it when casting shell blooms for boiler shells
and other purposes, substantially as herein-before described.
Eleventh. The casting of steel or other boiler ends, with or without ribs and
projecting flanges for lagging purposes, having internal or external bosses, or con-
jointly in parallel or diagonal lines, for the purpose of screwing into or otherwise
fixing in the same the stay bolts, substantially as herein-before described.
Twelfth. The manufacture of steel or other metallic steam boilers from cast
cylindrical shells, substantially as herein-before described.
Thirteenth. The manufacture of boiler ends with stuffing box journals for the
purpose of causing the boilers to rotate when generating and whilst under steam,
substantially as herein-before described.
Fourteenth, The mounting of steam boilers so as to rotate when generating and
working under steam, for the purpose of economizing fuel and giving dryer
steam, substantially as herein-before described.
Fifteenth. The casting of expansion flanges on corrugated or other boiler tubes,
substantially as herein-before described.
Sixteenth. The casting of vertical boilers in two or more parts, substantially as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Whitley, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
HENRY THWAITES WRIGLEY,
11, Black Bull St.,
Leeds.
JOSEPH WHITLEY. (L.S.)