IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Berry at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1882.
HENRY BERRY of Howard Street, Gloucester,
PRESSURE VALVES"
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
This invention consists of an improved Hydraulic Pressure valve to be used as a
stop valve to open or close communication between the accumulator or pumps and
the cylinder or ram and between the cylinder or ram and the exhaust passage.
The valve is of a new design and its main feature consists in the fact that the
leather packings and passages in or on the moving part of the valve are situated
obliquely instead of at right angles to the valve spindles as ordinarily adopted in
valves of this kind.
The valve is a rotary one and only requires to be moved half a turn in order to
place the accumulator or pumps in communication with the cylinder or ram, or the
cylinder or ram in communication with the exhaust passage as may be required.
It is applicable for use on hydraulic Rivetters, Cranes, Hoists, Lifts, and other
hydraulic appliances generally.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Berry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th May
1883.
HENRY BERRY of Howard Street Gloucester
PRESSURE VALVES.
33
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
--This invention-consists-of-an-improved-Hydraulic Pressure-Valve, to-be-used-as-
a stop valve, to open or close communication between the accumulator or pumps
and the cylinder or ram, and between the cylinder or ram and the exhaust
passage.
The valve is of a new design, and its main feature consists in the fact, that the
leather packings and passages in or on the moving part of the valve are situated
obliquely, instead of at right angles to the valve spindles as ordinarily adopted in
valves of this kind.
The valve is a rotary one and only requires to be moved half a turn in order
to place the accumulator or pumps in communication with the cylinder or ram,
or the cylinder or ram in communication with the exhaust passage as may be
required.
It is applicable for use on Hydraulic Rivetters, Cranes, Hoists, Lifts and other
hydraulic appliances generally.
The said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying full size Drawings, in
which Fig I is a Plan Figs II and III being longitudinal sections of the hydraulic
pressure valve the subject matter of this invention.
The second Sheet also represents in Figs I, II, and III4 another arrangement
of the same hydraulic pressure valve when used as a Stop Valve.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawings.
In the valve as shown at Figs I II and III it will be noticed that the Cap and
Spindle marked A, are one solid piece of steel, and on this said spindle the bushes
a, a', a², a³, and leather packings b, b, b, b, are mounted; at the top end of the
spindle A, or on the underside of the cap A' the said spindle is square in cross
section, and fits into a square aperture in the top bush a and leather packing b.
"
The valve with its bushes, leathers and intervening helical passages, is operated,
or opened and closed by means of a key or spanner fitting the hexagonal shaped
top A² of the Cap A, the movements of which are restricted or limited by means of
a stop B, Fig. 1, the Drawing shows the valve in the closed position; as it is turned
to the side marked inlet or outlet such is the result The passage marked C" the
Inlet Figs. I and III admits water from an accumulator, pumps or mains, that
marked D "to and from cylinder" is that by which when the inlet is open the
water passes through the valve to the cylinder (of whatever sort of machine it is
to work) and when the outlet passage E is open, the water flows from the cylinder
re-entering the valve at D passing round the helical passage G and passing from
the valve H H at the nozzle E, the joint between such nozzles and the helical
passages of the valve being made by the leather packings b, b, b, b, inserted
between the bushes a, a, a, a³, the whole being nipped well up and kept tight by
the two nuts I, I, fitted by means of a screw thread of fine pitch at the bottom end
of the valve Spindle A. The water passages C, E, D, in the body of the valve
casing which is generally cast in gunmetal are of an elongated form on the inside
or in that portion of the valve box immediately in contact with and surrounding
the bushes a, a, a, a³, but by the time these passages have reached the points C, E,
and D they have been gradually altered in form into circular apertures to suit the
bore of ordinary hydraulic piping.
As already explained the end bush a Figs. II and III has a square hole through
the centre, to fit the square part of the Spindle A' the remaining part of the

page_text: Spindle A being circular in cross section throughout its entire length, and turned
up true and parallel to fit the bushes a, a¹, a², a³, the top bush a a, moved by the
square A' on the Spindle A therefore in its turn acts as a driver for the remaining
parts of the valve a¹, a' and as with the intermediate leather packings, the latter
being screwed up tightly to fit the interior or bore of the valve casing H, H, by the
nuts I, I, as already explained; the valve casing H, H being bored out true and
parallel from end to end, the bushes a, a', a², a³ or interior portion of the valve
being also turned up to fit the same easily, leaving the leather packings to make
the joints, the faces of the bushes just referred to being turned with grooves or
rings slightly cut into the same in order to facilitate the same object, as at c, c,
Figs II and III, where the same is shown in section.
To put the valve together it is only necessary to put the leathers and Bushes on
the inner spindle A, leaving off the last bush a³, they must then be put into the
valve from the outlet end E of the valve H, the bush a can then be put in from
the reverse end and lastly the nuts, these latter being screwed up sufficiently tight
to make the leather packings expand and keep joint, but not so hard as to prevent
the valve from being readily and easily operated by means of a short handle or
lever fitted to the end of the spindle A².
In addition to applying the principles embodied in this valve to hydraulic
pressure valves for the purpose now described, I also apply the same in designing
and constructing a valve to be used simply as a stop valve, see Figs. IA, IIA, and
IIIA, the only difference between this and the valve just described being that when
used as a stop valve no exhaust branch or exhaust leather is necessary, making the
valve about two inches shorter.
The leathers b, b, b, in the case of the stop valve are double lipped instead of
single as shown at b, b, b, b, in Figs. II and III so that the nuts at the end of the
Stop Valve Spindle do not require nipping up so tight as they will make their own
joint on the inner spindle as will be seen on reference to Figs. II and IIIª
Having now explained the nature of my invention, and the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I herewith let it be known that I rest my claims of the said
invention principally on the following points.-
1 I claim as the chief and principal part of my invention the use and application
of oblique leathers and passages, in the construction of hydraulic pressure valves
and stop valves for water and other fluids, the same being entirely novel.
2nd Its extreme quickness of action: The valve being rotary, this combined
with the obliquity of the passages and leather packings, renders the valve very
quick in action, it being turned from open to shut, or in any required position by
a movement not exceeding at any time more than half of a revolution.
3rd Simplicity and Fewness of parts; any ordinary person would be able to take
out on old leather and put in a new one without fear of putting it together wrong,
which is very often the case with some of the present valves.
4th It is smaller and less complex than present valves, which are generally of
the piston or mitre type sliding endways, whilst mine as already described is a
rotary valve.
5th It is applicable for use on Hydraulic Rivetters, Cranes, Hoists, Lifts and
other hydraulic appliances generally.
In Witness whereof I the said Henry Berry have hereunto set my hand and
seal this twelth day of May in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
(Ls.) HENRY BERRY.