Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators and Furnaces therefor.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb., 1900-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators and Furnaces
therefor.
I, ANDRÉ RITZOs, of 1 and 10, Sahatdji Han, Galata, Constantinople, in the
Turkish Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in steam generators and furnaces
therefor and consists of improved means for distributing, dividing, or deflecting
the flame from the furnace, the object of which is to provide a greater or larger
amount of heating-surfaces or elements, and so effect a great saving of the heat
produced thereby.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my improved
steam generator and furnace. Fig. 2 being a cross section of same upon the
line 22 in Fig. 3, while Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation upon the line 3-3
of Fig. 4, and Fig. 4 a sectional plan upon the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.
My improved steam generator and furnace consists of suitable brick work A
with a setting of fire-brick lining B in the usual way, and formed with a fire
box C and a combustion-chamber D, immediately in the rear of and somewhat
wider than the said fire-box, the latter having a grate E, and ashpit C', the
doors G and G₁ being at the front of the boiler.
In the said combustion-chamber are arranged preferably, but not imperatively,
three transverse parallel rows of vertically disposed suitably shaped solid or
hollow plates, or water heating elements H, H' and H2 located one behind the
other, in manner similar to ordinary steam or hot water radiators.
The first or front of the said heating elements has its sections or loops con-
nected with each other by the means of a vertically disposed wall or web H³,
extending from the bottom of the combustion chamber to within a suitable
distance from the top of the said element, so that the smoke and gases arising
from the burning fuel in the fire box, cannot pass between the sections of the
first or front element, but pass upward into the top of the combustion chamber
and then downwards and along between the sections of the next or following
elements H H (which are preferably not provided with such connecting walls
or webs) and finally pass through a suitable outlet J at the rear or other part
of the combustion chamber into a chimney or other conduit or device.
The said water heating elements H H and H2 are in connection with certain
and suitable pipes or tubes for circulating the water being heated, and for
carrying off the steam generated, and to facilitate such circulation, the said heat-
ing elements may be slightly out of vertical truth, some in one direction and some
in another, but I wish it understood that the number of sections in the said heating
elements and the precise disposal of same, is open to variation, according to the
size and other conditions of the boiler, and the particular formation of the fire
box adopted, and when the latter permits their use I may provide tubes in the
position of the dotted line T T (Fig. 3) which may be connected to the tubes I

page_text: and extend into the combustion chamber D and so make part of the heating
surface.
Under each section of each or any of the said heating elements and the ends
of the said pipes passing through them, are suitable plugs M and N, to facilitate
cleaning, while suitable cleaning openings or manholes K and K' are, or may
be provided at, or adjacent to, the rear of the combustion chamber.
My invention provides that in consequence of the smoke and gases as generated
in the fire box first coming in contact with the said heating elements, before
passing into the chimney or the like, the units of heat are utilized to the fullest
advantage for raising the temperature of the water, circulating through the said
heating elements, and by giving the said elements the tilt stated, and by con-
structing these in the form of an almond or elongated-ellipse, solid matter is not
liable or likely to lodge or collect thereon, and consequently these do not become
coated with non-heat conducting material, and the heating capacity of the furnace
not therefore decreased by and during constant and lengthy use.
Dated this 10th day of May 1809
Improvements in and relating to Steam Generators and Furnaces
therefor.
I, ANDRÉ RITZOs, of 1 and 10, Sahatdjihan, Galata, Constantinople, in the
Turkish Empire, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to steam generators and furnaces therefor and consists
in an improved construction and arrangement of water heating elements forming
heating surfaces disposed within the combustion chamber of the furnace,
whereby the fuel is utilised economically and to the greatest advantage, and rapid
heating of the water and consequently quick generation of steam ensured.
In order that my invention and the manner in which it is performed may be
clearly understood I will now fully describe the same having reference to the
accompanying drawings wherein similar letters refer to like parts in all. the
figures and in which:-
-
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a steam generator and furnace constructed in
.accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same on the
line 2-2 Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same on
the line 3-3 Fig. 4 and Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of the same on the
line 4 4 in Fig. 3.
The improved steam generator and furnace comprises brickwork A, lined
with firebricks B, in the usual way, and is constructed with a firebox C and a
combustion chamber 1 immediately in the rear of said firebox and somewhat
wider than the latter as plainly indicated in Fig. 4. Above the boiler is located
the usual dome or water chamber X, Fig. 2: In the firebox C is arranged a
grate E below which is an ashpit C¹. The doors G, G¹ are on the front of the
boiler.
In the combustion chamber D, and transversely thereof, are arranged vertically
one behind the other the water heating elements H, H1, H2, forming heating
surfaces, and composed each of a series of tubes or loops connected together

page_text: laterally at top and bottom by suitable nipples, said tubes or loops being pre-
ferably of almond shape in cross section.
The number of water heating elements' employed and the number of loops
in each may vary according to the size and other conditions of the boiler.
The loops of the front heating element H, are widened or formed with lateral
ribs at H3 so as to be in close contact with one another when connected, the front
element H thus forms an impenetrable wall or barrier through. which the smoke
and gases from the firebox cannot pass but are compelled to travel over the
top of the front element H, towards the roof of the combustion chamber, and
thence pass downwards between the loops of the elements H' H2 which are of
less width or without ribs at F and are separated by intervening spaces, finally
reaching the outlet J leading from the bottom of the combustion chamber at the
rear end thereof to a chimney or other device for carrying off the products of
combustion.
At the top of the end loops of the elements H, H1, H2, (Fig. 2) are fitted the
pipes I, which put the water in the elements into communication with the upper
level of the water in the water chamber or dome X, and at the bottom of the
end loops of the elements are fitted the pipes I which put the lower part of the
water in the dome into communication with the bottom of the elements. The
water thus circulates upwardly through the element loops.
The elements are erected vertically, the loops preferably having a slight
lateral inclination as clearly shewn in Fig. 2, in order to facilitate the circulation
of the water in the tubes I, I. It will be noticed that all, the heating surfaces
are uniformly exposed to the hot gases.
17
The steam generated by heating the water is stored in the upper part of the
dome or water chamber.
'
Under each loop and at the end of the pipes I, I¹, are fitted cleaning
plugs M, N.
In the rear end of the brickwork A and B are arranged cleaning openings K
and K', normally closed by suitable doors said openings serving for the intro-
duction of suitable tools for cleaning out soot and other matters.
By the arrangement above described the smoke and gases generated by the
burning fuel in the firebox come in contact with the loops of the heating
elements H, H1, H2, before passing to the chimney in a downward direction
while the water coming from the bottom of the dome or water chamber has, in
the loops, an upward direction.
It follows that the gases outside the loops and the water inside said loops
circulate in opposite directions and consequently the units of heat are utilised
to the fullest advantage for raising the temperature of the water circulating
through said heating elements.
By giving the loops or sections of the heating elements the almond shape
described, the gases are put more intimately in contact with said elements, and
the elements being disposed vertically, soot and other matters are not liable to
lodge on them and consequently the heating capacity of the boiler is not de-
creased during constant use.
The front heating element H is of less height than the others in order to
facilitate the passage of the gases rearward through the combustion chamber.
The loops of the elements H, H¹, H2, are located one behind the other with
their axes in alignment.
The importance of the boiler may be increased and the firebricks protected
by disposing single loops one behind the other within and on either side of the
firebox, said loops being in alignment with the end loops of the elements in the
combustion chamber and being connected with the connecting pipes I, I'.
An ordinary coil of pipes may also be disposed at the top of the firebox and
combustion chamber said coil, which is connected with the circulating pipes I, I,
extending from the front of the firebox to the rear of the combustion chamber
and preferably having a slight downward inclination from front to rear.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A steam generator and furnace, comprising a firebox a combustion chamber,
and a series of upright water heating elements disposed one behind the other
within and transversely of the latter, the front element (which is of less height
than those behind) forming an impenetrable wall or barrier over which the
smoke and gases are compelled to pass to the top of the combustion chamber and
the rear elements having spaces or apertures through which the smoke and gases
pass in a downward direction to an outlet aperture provided at the rear of said
combustion chamber, substantially as described.
2. The use in combination with a steam generator and furnace, of a series of
upright water heating elements disposed one behind the other within and across
the combustion chamber, the front, element being composed of upright tubes or
loops so constructed or arranged as to form when connected together an impene-
trable wall or barrier. through which the smoke and gases cannot pass, and the
rear water heating elements (which are of greater height than the front element)
being composed of upright tubes or loops separated by intervening spaces, whereby
the smoke and gases are caused to pass between the top of the front element and
the roof of the combustion chamber to the upper part of the latter and then
pass downwards between the loops of the rear elements to an outlet at the lower
part of the rear of the combustion chamber, substantially as described.
3. The use in combination with a steam generator and furnace, of a series of
upright water heating elements disposed within and transversely of the com-
bustion chamber and so arranged that all the smoke and gases from the firebox
pass over. the front element and then downwards through spaces in the rear
elements to an outlet at the back of the combustion chamber, each element being
composed of loops almond shaped in cross section and the loops of the several
elements being placed in alignment one behind the other, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
.4. The use in combination, with a steam generator and furnace, of a series of
upright water heating elements arranged one behind the other within the com-
bustion chamber the front element (which is of less height than the others)
being composed of loops or tubes forming an impenetrable wall or barrier. and
the loops of the rear elements being separated by intervening spaces, all the
elements being connected by circulating pipes with the water chamber or dome
in such manner that the water circulates through them upwardly, whereby the
smoke and gases after passing over the top of the front element descend between
the loops of the rear elements in the reverse direction to the circulating water,
substantially as and. for the purpose described.
5. The general construction, arrangement and combination of parts constitut-
ing improvements in steam generators and furnaces therefor, substantially as
described with reference to and illustrated in the drawings.
Taron
גדודי
■TOO COIN ATA
E. P. ALEXANDER & SON,
Chartered Patent Agents,
19; Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.