IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE NAILS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Albert Huggett and James Swalwell both of the
IP Horse Nail Factory New Road Wandsworth Road in the County of Surrey
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE
NAILS"
'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Albert Huggett and
James Swalwell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
30th June 1883.
JOHN ALBERT HUGGETT and JAMES SWALWELL both of the IP Horse Nail
Factory New Road Wandsworth Road in the County of Surrey "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE NAILS "
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of horso,
nails.
We proceed generally in the manner described in the specification of a Patent
granted to one of us namely the said John Albert Huggett N° 5215 in the
year 1881. We prepare by hot rolling a bar of mild steel of a sectional form
corresponding to two nails laid together end to end with the heads outwards
excepting however the bevil for the point of the nail which we form afterwards
as we shall presently describe.
We slit or divide this bar longitudinally in the manner described in the specifi-
cation of the said former Patent and by a machine operating by means of a punch
and bolster we cut nails from the divided bar.
"
The method by which we produce the bevil for the point which is the main
feature in our present invention is as follows:-Before the nail is cut from the
divided bar but in the same machine the edge of the bar is caused to be squeezed
at the place where the point of the nail will come. A die of suitable shape is
brought down upon it and the pressure of the die coming upon the bar close to its
edge the surplus metal escapes by flowing outwards beyond the original line of
the edge of the bar.
The bevelled indentation is formed on the flat or face side of the bar or on that
side against which the punch descends, but the bevil is transferred afterwards by

page_text: the action of the punch to the other or head side of the inctal the face side adapting
itself to the contour of the end of the punch.
We would remark that the method of shaping the point of the nail by first
producing a local indentation and compression we have found by experiment to
be only practicable when the attack is made upon the bar at the edge where the
metal is free to escape by an outward flow otherwise the pressure necessary to
produce the indentation is so severe that no tool is able to stand it sufficiently long
to render the method practicable for commercial use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Albert Huggett and James Swalwell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th December 1883.
JOHN ALBERT HUGGETT and JAMES SWALWELL both of the EP Horse Nail
"IMPROVEMENTS
Factory New Road Wandsworth Road in the County of Surrey'
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HORSE NAILS
33
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of horse
nails.
We proceed generally in the manner described in the Specification of a Palent
granted to one of us namely the said John Albert Huggett N° 5215 in the
year 1881.
We prepare by hot rolling a bar of mild steel of a sectional form
corresponding to two nails laid together end to end with the heads outwards
excepting however the bevil for the point of the nail which we form afterwards as
we shall presently describe.
We slit or divide this bar longitudinally in the manner described in the Specifi-
cation of the said former Patent and by a machine operating by means of a punch
and bolster we cut nails from the divided bar.
The method by which we produce the bevil for the point, which is the main
Before the nail is cut from the
feature in our present Invention is as follows.
divided bar but in the same machine the edge of the bar is caused to be squeezed
A die of suitable shape is
at the place where the point of the nail will come.
brought down upon it and the pressure of the die coming upon the bar close to its
edge the surplus metal escapes by flowing outwards beyond the original line of the
edge of the bar.
The bevelled indentation is formed on the flat or face side of the bar or on that
side against which the punch descends, but the bevil is transferred afterwards by
the action of the punch to the other or head side of the metal, the face side
adapting itself to the contour of the end of the punch.
We would remark that the method of shaping the point of the nail by first
producing a local indentation and compression we have found by experiment to
be only practicable when the attack is made upon the bar at the edge where the

page_text: to escape by an outward Low otherwise the pressure e
produce the indentation is so severe that no tool is able to stand it sufficiently long
to render the method practicable for commercial use.
In order that our said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
produce the indentation is so severe that no tool is able to stand it sufficiently long
to render the method practicable for commercial use.
In order that our said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of apparatus which we employ in
the manufacture of horse nails.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same parts.
Figure 3 is a plan of the dies.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the same.
Figures 5 show the tool which produces the preparatory indentation for the point
of the nail.
Figure 6 is a section of the bar from which the nails are produced, as already
stated a double bar is rolled and this divided longitudinally becomes two bars each
of the form shewn.
Figure 7 is a plan of a portion of a bar from which nails have been cut; it is
the flat side of the bar which is here seen.
Figure 8 is a section of the same on the line 1-1:
Figuro 9 is a side view of one of the nails as it appears when cut from
the bar.
A is a portion of the stationary bed of the machine; the lower dies are carried
in a recess in this bed B is a portion of the hoad, which moving up and down in
guides, carries the punches or upper tools.
The dies in the bed are made in four parts C D E and F these are received in a
recess in the bed A, and are there securely clamped by means of a plate A' which
is held in place by screw bolts.
The parts D E and F of the die when placed together enclose between them a
space corresponding precisely to the contour of the nail.
The lower end also of the punch G, which is carried by the head, is of precisely
similar form to the contour of the nail. At each reciprocation of the head the
punch G descends, forcing before it a portion of the nail bar to form a nail into
the space between the parts D E and F which are all of hardened steel.
In the parts C, of the dies, a piece of hard steel is inserted at C³, to sustain the
nail bar whilst it receives the nip by which its edge is spread, and the metal
shaped and hardened to form the point of the nail.
The upper tool producing this nip is scen at H in Figures 1 and 2.
The tools G and H are held in place in the head in the following manner.
I is a steel face, which is applied to the part B and against this face the punch G
is laid, and over it there is a filling piece K.
On these are placed blocks L L and the whole is clamped in place by covers M
and M and the screw bolts N N.
O is a set screw abutting upon the piece L, and thereby regulating the projection
of the punch G.
The tool H lies in a recess in the lower part of the cover M, and it is clamped
in this recess by means of a bent bar Q, which can be tightened upon the tool H
and made to nip it by means of the screw bolt R. The bar Qalso can be set
down to regulate exactly the projection of the tool by means of the screw S.
We describe this method of carrying the tools, it being that which we practice
and prefer, but it forms no part of the Invention which we claim under this
Patent.
At each descent of the head an indentation is made at the edge of the bar such
as is shown at T T in Figure 7 and simultaneously a nail is cut from the bar in
such manner that the point of the nail is cut from a portion of the bar previously
compressed and shaped by the tool H.

page_text: We do not claim generally indenting a nail bar at parts from which afterwards
the points of the nails are cut, but we claim―
First. The production of indentations upon the edge of the nail bar, where the
metal is able to spread outwards, and then cutting the nail from the nail bar so
prepared in such a manner that the point of the nail is produced within the
indentation previously formed in the bar.
Second. The process for the manufacture of horse nails consisting in rolling a
double bar, dividing the same longitudinally and punching nails from such divided
bar in a machine, which at each reciprocation indents and spreads the edge of the
bar and also in another place punches out a nail from the bar in such manner that
the metal previously compressed forms the point of the nail, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof we the said John Albert Huggett and James Swalwell
have hereunto set our hands and seals this Twenty second day of December in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.