IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER WASTE PREVENTERS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Clifford Morgan, Henry Macaulay, and
Francis William Waide, all of Bath Works, Rotherham, in the
County of York, Stove Grate Manufacturers and Ironfounders, for
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said James Clifford Morgan,
Henry Macaulay, and Francis William Waide at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition and Declaration, on
the 18th November 1872, pursuant to the 9th Section of the
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
CLIFFORD MORGAN, HENRY MACAULAY, and FRANCIS WILLIAM WAIDE,
all of Bath Works, Rotherham, in the County of York, Stove Grate
Manufacturers and Ironfounders, send greeting.
WHEREAS we are in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WATER WASTE PREVENTERS," and have petitioned Her most Excellent.
Majesty Queen Victoria to grant unto us, our executors, administrators,

page_text: and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made
solemn Declaration that we are the first and true Inventors thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Clifford Morgan, Henry
Macaulay, and Francis William Waide, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention, to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in water waste
preventers.
In order to supply water to a watercloset or to a urinal, or to a wash
basin, or other receptacle, but to limit the quantity of water which can
be drawn off at one time in use of the apparatus, we form within the
supply cistern a small measuring compartment or cistern, and we
provide a valve, which, when it is not acted upon by the drawing-off
apparatus, places itself so as to allow the measuring compartment or
cistern to fill, then when the drawing-off apparatus comes into action
the valve is moved, and it shuts off the connection between the large
and the small measuring cistern, and then allows the small cistern to
discharge itself down the delivery pipe.
We arrange this apparatus in the following simple and convenient
manner-We place in the supply cistern a bowl-shaped vessel, having
a hole in its bottom; this vessel, which forms the measuring compart-
ment or cistern is inverted over the delivery orifice in the bottom of the
main cistern and a tubular coupling having a flange at one end, and
receiving a screw nut at the other end is passed down from within the
cistern through the hole in the inverted vessel, upon which its flange
takes a bearing, and the nut is screwed on from the under side of the
bottom of the cistern. The joints being suitably packed become water-
tight as soon as the nut is screwed up. The tubular coupling also forms
a valve chamber, and the valve is a piston working within it, and
covering holes formed in its sides. When the piston is in the lowest
position to which it falls when it is not influenced by the drawing-off
apparatus, a hole or holes through the side of the coupling are uncovered,
by which water passes into the measuring cistern, but when by means of
the drawing-off apparatus, for example, a wire passing to the handle or
seat of a watercloset, the valve is lifted, then the holes already mentioned
are covered and closed by the piston, and other holes in the tubular
coupling are uncovered, by which the water passes out of the measuring
compartment or cistern and down the delivery pipe. A plate resting on
flanges upon the sides of the cistern may be employed to partition off a

page_text: will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical section shewing a water waste preventer applied
to an ordinary wooden or other cistern. a is the cistern; b,,the-inverted
bowl-shaped vessel which is placed within it to, form the measuring
compartment or cistern. The vessel 6 is placed over the outlet from
the cistern a, and it rests on a packing ring at the bottom of the cistern;
c is the tubular coupling, which also forms a valve chamber; it has a
flange c¹ at the upper end and receives the nut c² at its lower end; an
india-rubber or other packing ring is placed under the flange c¹,
and a

page_text: similar ring and washer beneath the bottom of the cistern a, and then
the nut c² is screwed up, and so all. the joints are made at one time; b¹
is an air pipe upon the vessel b, it rises to the top of the cistern a; d is
the piston valve within the tubular coupling c which is bored to receive
it. The piston consists of a number of leather discs clipped by two
nuts d¹, d², upon the rod d³, and this rod is connected by a wire or cord
with the handle or seat of a watercloset or with the pull for drawing off
water; c³, c³, are openings in the side of the tubular coupling e which
are uncovered when the valve d is in its lower position, and which then
allow the water to pass from the cistern a into the measuring compart-
ment or cistern b. When the rod d is drawn up by the wire or cord
connected with it, these openings are closed, and the other openings c*, c*,
are afterwards uncovered to allow the contents of the measuring com-
partment or cistern 6 to flow away by the outlet pipe e to the closet or
other receptacle. The pipe e is attached by a screw union with the
lower end of the coupling o.
Figures 2 are transverse sections of the coupling c where the water
passages are formed through it. The nut may be at the upper end of
the coupling c and the flange at its lower end, but the arrangement
described is usually preferable.
In place of forming the piston valve of a series of leather discs it may
be a cupped or bucket leather as is shewn in section at Figure 3.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of an arrangement similar to that
already described, except that the measuring compartment or cistern is
partitioned off from the supply cistern simply by a partition plate, the
cistern in this case being specially cast or formed with flanges to receive
such a plate, and Figure 5 is a transverse section of this arrangement,
The supply cistern in this case being of small size is adapted to be fixed
against the side of a wall.
Figure 6 is a section of an arrangement like that last described excopt
that in place of a piston valve an inner revolving tube d is employed.
This tube we prefer to face with leather around its periphery, and it has
passages or ports in it, as is shewn by the sections, Figures 7 and 8.
The sections Figures 7 are taken on the line 1-1 in Figure 6, and the
sections Figures 8 on the line 2-2 in the same Figure. The rod d is.
connected with the wire or cord which actuates it in such manner as to
be partly rotated theerby.

page_text: .
The tube valve may be on the outside of the tubular coupling c in
place of within it, it is so shewn in the section, Figure 6; it is here
also arranged to slide up and down in place of turning, when in its
lower position the valve covers the discharge openings in the part c,
but uncovers the upper openings by which the measuring cistern or
compartment fills. When tho tube valve is raised the arrangement is
reversed, the communication between the two compartments is stopped
and a way opened out from the measuring compartment or cistern into
the delivery pipe. The rod d³ in this case is hollow and admits air to
an air channel on the exterior of the tube valve, and so (when the valve
is down) into the delivery pipe, which is thus enabled to run dry. In
other of the arrangements described the rod d may be made hollow
with the same object, and also to serve as an overflow pipe.
Figure 9 shews a section of a cistern cast with an inclined partition
within it to separate from the main capacity the measuring compart-
ment or oistern, or the partition may be upright with a cylindrical trunk
forming part of it to receive the part c, as is shewn at Figure 9ª. A
diagramm plan of the same is shewn at Figure 9.
Figure 10 shews a similar arrangement except that the partition being
upright the valve chamber does not pass through it, but there is a side con-
nection between the main cistern and the upper water passage in the valve
chamber or that by which the measuring compartment or cistern fills.
In some cases when using a piston valve in connection with the
delivery orifice we use a separate valve to open and close a passage
through a partition separating the main capacity of the cistern from
the measuring cistern or compartment. Such an arrangement is shewn
in section at Figure 11. fis the additional valve so provided, it may be
a leather weighted flap as shewn, or a piston entering a cylinder like
the main valve; g is a lever worked by a wire or cord connected with
it, it turns upon an axis at g¹, and when acted upon it drops the valve ƒ
on to its seat before lifting the piston valve of the delivery orifice out
of its cylindrical chamber.
Figure 12 is a section of a water waste preventer in which the piston
valve and the second valve are coupled the one with the other by a
bent lever.
Figure 13 is a section of another arrangement in which the partition
between the main capacity of the cistern and the measuring com.
partment is horizontal, and a straight lever connects the two valves.

page_text: Figure 14 is a section of a water waste preventer in which a disc valve
is employed. a is the supply cistern, and 6 the measuring cistern or
compartment; h is a face plate with the delivery neck cast upon
it, this neck passes through a hole in the bottom of the cistern and
receives a screw nut beyond, which draws it tightly up and makes
water-tight joints; * is a hole through the plate h and through the
partition beneath and leading into the main capacity of the cistern;
¿ is a disc valve, it is faced with leather and rests in water-tight contact
upon the face to which it is held also by the nut . The disc i has two
holes in it and so also has the face h. Two of these holes are represented
in the Drawing coinciding the one with the other, so that there is free
passage for the water into the measuring compartment b. When the rod
or spindle d² is turned partly round these passages no longer coincide
and the communication between the two water compartments is inter-
rupted, and then another hole in the disc valve i is brought to correspond
with the hole in the face / corresponding with the delivery neck, and
the contents of the measuring cisterns are discharged; k is an air pas-
sage down the rod or spindle d² and through the disc i, it admits air
to the delivery pipes when its connection with the measuring chamber
is interrupted, and it may be made to act as an overflow if required.
Figure 15 shews the arrangement which we employ when it is desired
to admit a small quantity of water into the delivery pipe after the con-
nection between this pipe and the measuring cistern has been closed for
the purpose of scaling or trapping the valve of the closet pan. The
arrangement is similar to Figure 4 already described, with the following
additions: The coupling c is made to project above its flange to receive
a small vessel which is screwed into its neck. In the bottom of this
vessel a leather valve m is fitted, the passage in the vessel being cylin-
drical and truly bored to receive it; the valve m is mounted upon the
hollow rod d², and when this rod is lifted to discharge the measuring
cistern the valve m also leaves its seat and the vessel fills. The valve m
again closes at the same time as the valve d, and then the contents of
the vessel slowly run out by the small orifice down the hollow rod d
and so into the delivery pipe e; or in place of the arrangement above
described that shewn at Figure 16 may be employed. Here the
coupling c is lengthened on its under side and serves to secure the
vessel n to the under side of the cistern; n' is an air pipe rising to the
level of the water in the cistern; the part c has a side opening c* by

page_text: which when the water is discharged from the measuring compartment a
portion is diverted into the vessel n, from which it again slowly escapes
By this arrangement unless the
an unreasonable time there will
by the small orifice n² into the pipe e.
valve of the closet is kept open for
always be enough water discharged after it is closed to trap it.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, we would have it understood that we
claim, the tubular coupling c forming a valve chamber and passing
through the measuring compartment or cistern and the bottom of the
cisterna, substantially as described.
We also claim the general arrangement of the apparatus, substantially
as shewn in Figures 1, 4, 5, 6, and 6.
We also claim the general arrangement of the apparatus, substantially
as shewn in Figures 9, 9, and 10.
We also claim the method of applying a piston valve in combination
with another or second valve f, substantially as shewn in Figures 11, 12,
and 13.
We also claim the method of constructing a water waste preventer
with a disc valve, substantially as shewn in Figure 14.
We also claim the method of providing a secondary discharge of water
to trap the closet pan valve, substantially as shewn in Figure 15.
We also claim the method of providing water to trap a closet pan
valve by collecting a portion of the water from the main discharge and
holding it back, substantially as shown in Figure 16.
In witness whereof we, the said James Clifford Morgan, Henry
Macaulay, and Francis William Waide, have hereunto set our
hands and seals, this Sixteenth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.