Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Materials and for Impreg⚫ nating the same with Liquids
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 30th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 5th Nov., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Materials and for Impreg⚫
nating the same with Liquids,
I, CARL HUBER, of I Graben, No. 28, Vienna, Austria, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In apparatus for drying materials of known construction in which the goods
to be dried are contained in superposed trays or pans within closed casings or
receptacles heated by any suitable means, the disadvantage arises particularly in
the case where the charge of each tray is of some weight, that for the purpose of
charging the trays or of removing the charges after drying, it is necessary to
employ temporary supporting frames that are placed before the open casing, for
the-purpose-of-supporting-the-trays-as-they-are-drawn-out.-This-arrangement
is very inconvenient, and is liable to accidents occurring through careless with-
drawal or insertion of the trays.
My present invention has mainly for its object to dispense with the use of
such external supports, and it consists in mounting each tray upon a vertical
pivot arranged at the one edge of the opening of the casing, so that for charging
and discharging the travs they are turned outward upon such pivots so as to
project entirely out of the casing, whereupon the goods carried thereon can be
readily removed, the goods being preferably carried in removable pans for this
purpose, in which case the trays may be of a skeleton or annular form. When
there are a number of superposed trays contained in one and the same casing,
they may all be mounted upon one and the same vertical pivot-shaft extending
from top to bottom of the casing, and supported at intervals by suitable brackets
projecting from the side thereof. When each tray is contained in a separate
casing, and a number of these are placed one on the top of the other, each casing
would preferably have its own pivot shaft. If the goods contained in the trays
are of a heavy nature, I prefer to provide on the inner side of the door of the
casing a number of projecting ledges on a level with the undersides of the trays,
so that on turning these on their pivot. which is of course situated at the extreme
edge on one side of the tray, the diametrically opposite side of the tray will
slide upon and be supported by the corresponding ledge of the partially opened
door. When the trays are in the inward position the said side thereof may also
be supported by a bracket or ledge projecting from the inner side of the casing.
The heating of the apparatus may be effected in any known manner, but I
prefer to effect it by means of flat spiral pipe coils placed above and below each
tray, through which steam or other heating fluid is made to pass, the said coils
being carried by suitable supporting bars arranged between the superposed trays
when there are several of these in one casing.
In some cases, in addition to arranging the trays to swing in and out upon a
lateral pivot, I also arrange the pan containing the goods to revolve upon a
central pivot carried by the tray, so that by this means when the tray has been

page_text: turned outward, the operator can then turn the pan round on its central pivot,
so as to facilitate the inspection of all parts of the goods contained therein.
Such central pivot may be variously arranged; by preference I make the pan
with a central circular opening, the circumference of which rests upon a raised
circular path formed on the bottom of the tray, which also carries a central pivot
pin projecting upward, on the end of which bears a cap fixed in the central
opening of the pan. This construction of the pan is of special advantage when
the goods consist of rope or band shaped material in the form of coils, such as
electrical cables as these can be coiled into and uncoiled from the pan by simply
turning this round on its pivot.
The drying of the goods in the above described apparatus may be accelerated by
maintaining a partial vacuum therein, by connecting the casing to any suitable
exhausting apparatus.
I also employ the above described apparatus for the combined operation of
first drying the goods and then immediately impregnating the same with a suitable
liquid, or for performing the last described operation alone. For these purposes
I provide the casing with a branch pipe which is connected to a supply of impreg-
nating fluid, which may either be forced in by atmospheric pressure alone when
the before described exhaust is applied, or by force pumps.
When using the apparatus for both drying and impregnating the goods, these
are first subjected to the drying process as described and the exhaust having
been applied, the impregnating liquid is at once introduced into the casing under
any desired pressure.
By this means the advantage is obtained that after having dried the goods,
they are not liable to the re-absorption of moisture before impregnation, as is the
case when the goods, after being dried, are taken out and exposed to the atmosphere
before being introduced into the impregnating apparatus.
Dated this 1st day of December 1897.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Apparatus for Drying Materials and for Impreg-
nating the same with Liquids.
I, CARL HUBER, of 1 Graben, No. 28, Vienna, Austria, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In apparatus for drying materials of known construction in which the goods
to be dried are contained in superposed trays or pans within closed casings or
receptacles heated by any suitable means, the disadvantage arises particularly in
the case where the charge of each tray is of some weight, that for the purpose of
charging the trays or of removing the charges after drying, it is necessary to
employ temporary supporting frames that are placed before the open casing, for
the purpose of supporting the trays as they are drawn out.
This arrangement
is very inconvenient, and is liable to accidents occurring through careless with-
drawal or insertion of the trays.
My present invention has mainly for its object to dispense with the use of
such external supports, and it consists in mounting each tray upon a vertical
pivot arranged at the one edge of the opening of the casing, so that for charging
and discharging the trays they are turned outward upon such pivots so as to

page_text: project entirely out of the casing, whereupon the goods carried thereon can be
readily removed, the goods being preferably carried in removable pans for this
purpose, in which case the trays may be of a skeleton or annular form. When
there are a number of superposed trays contained in one and the same casing,
they may all be mounted upon one and the same vertical pivot shaft extending
from top to bottom of the casing, and supported at intervals by suitable brackets
projecting from the side thereof. When each tray is contained in a separate
casing, and a number of these are placed one on the top of the other, each casing
would preferably have its own pivot shaft. If the goods contained in the trays
are of a heavy nature, I prefer to provide on the inner side of the door of the
casing a number of projecting ledges on a level with the undersides of the trays,
so that on turning these on their pivot, which is of course situated at the extreme
edge on one side of the tray, the diametrically opposite side of the tray will
slide upon and be supported by the corresponding ledge of the partially opened
door. When the trays are in the inward position the said side thereof may also
be supported by a bracket or ledge projecting from the inner side of the casing.
The heating of the apparatus may be effected in any known manner, but I
prefer to effect it by means of flat spiral pipe coils placed above and below each
tray, through which steam or other heating fluid is made to pass, the said coils
being carried by suitable supporting bars arranged between the superposed trays
when there are several of these in one casing.
In some cases, in addition to arranging the trays to swing in and out upon a
lateral pivot, I also arrange the pan containing the goods to revolve upon a
central pivot carried by the tray, so that by this means when the tray has been
turned outward, the operator can then turn the pan round on its central pivot,
so as to facilitate the inspection of all parts of the goods contained therein.
-Such-central-pivot-may-be-variously-arranged; by preference I-make-the-pan-
with a central circular opening, the circumference of which rests upon a raised
circular path formed on the bottom of the tray, which also carries a central pivot
pin, projecting upward, on the end of which bears a cap fixed in the central
opening of the pan. This construction of the pan is of special advantage when
the goods consist of rope or band shaped material in the form of coils, such as
electrical cables, as these can be coiled into and uncoiled from the pan by simply
turning this round on its pivot.
The drying of the goods in the above described apparatus may be accelerated by
maintaining a partial vacuum therein, by connecting the casing to any suitable
exhausting apparatus.
I also employ the above described apparatus for the combined operation of
first drying the goods and then immediately impregnating the same with a suitable
liquid, or for performing the last described operation alone. For these purposes
I provide the casing with a branch pipe which is connected to a supply of impreg-
nating fluid, which may either be forced in by atmospheric pressure alone when
the before described exhaust is applied, or by force pumps.
When using the apparatus for both drying and impregnating the goods, these
are first subjected to the drying process as described and the exhaust having
been applied, the impregnating liquid is at once introduced into the casing under
any desired pressure.
By this means the advantage is obtained that after having dried the goods,
they are not liable to the re-absorption of moisture before impregnation, as is the
case when the goods, after being dried, are taken out and exposed to the atmosphere
before being introduced into the impregnating apparatus.
On the accompanying drawings are shewn several arrangements of apparatus
for drying and impregnating constructed according to my above described inven
tion.
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 shew respectively a part sectional front elevation a sectional
side view, and a sectional plan of one arrangement. The apparatus is here shewn

page_text: as consisting of two separate casings A A fixed one on top of the other, each of
which has a door B carried by arms C hinged to the casing A; within the latter
is a tray D pivoted by an eye D¹ to an axis E fixed to the casing, so that when
in operation, the door B being closed, the tray is in the position shewn at Fig. 1,
situated between two coils F F¹ through which steam or other hot fluid is made
to circulate, while when the operation is completed and the door is opened, the
tray D can be turned outward on its pivot into the position shewn at Figs. 2
and 3. In the tray is mounted a pan G containing the materials to be dried
or impregnated.
This pan is preferably mounted on a central pivot H fixed to the tray so that
it can be turned round thereon and the inspection, introduction and removal
of the materials thus facilitated.
The pan is for this purpose made with a central opening within which is fixed
a cap I that rests on the pivot H. This cap is provided with eyes I¹ for the
attachment of a crane chain or the like for raising the pan out of the tray when
required. The heating devices F F¹ above and below the pans may be arranged
in a variety of ways; in the arrangement shewn, the spirally coiled pipes F and Fi
are suitably supported by bars f, the coils being preferably slightly dished as
shewn, the steam or other hot fluid is introduced through a branch pipe at fl
into the outer end of the coil, and after circulating through the coil to the
centre thereof the steam, together with any water of condensation, escapes through
the branch pipe f2. It will be seen that by the above described dished form of
the coils, the condensation water will readily drain towards the centre. The
supply of heating fluid is regulated by suitable valves on the branch pipes f¹ f.
The casing A is provided with a branch pipe a¹ connected with exhaust apparatus,
for drawing off the air and the vapours given off during the drying operation,
and maintaining a partial vacuum in the apparatus when required for facilitating
the drying.
A second branch pipe a² is also provided for introducing the requisite liquid
with which the material operated upon is to be impregnated after the drying
has been completed.
The sides, as also the top and bottom, of each casing are preferably provided
with a jacket containing a suitable bad conductor of heat, as shewn. Although I
have shewn two such casings with their pans fixed one upon the other, it will
be obvious that a simple casing may be employed by itself, or a greater number
than two may be arranged in combination.
The door B is provided with suitable packing at 6 to fit air tight against the
face of the opening so as to insure an air tight closure when the casing is to be
exhausted as described; the door is pivotted to the arms C to allow of an accurate
fit against the casing and is secured by screw bolts pivotted to the casing and
engaging with slotted lugs on the door.
The casing is provided with suitable pressure and vacuum gauges and also
with a liquid gauge for indicating the level of the impregnating liquid introduced.
Figs. 4 and 5 shew a sectional elevation and sectional plan of a slightly modified
construction, which only differs from the foregoing, that the trays D are formed
with perforated instead of solid bottoms, for the better passage of the heat from
the lower coil to the pan and they have their pivot H formed on a separate casting.
The door B, instead of being pivotted to hinged arms, is connected to the
hinge pin by link pieces J. K are lugs on the casing carring the pivot pins of
the screw bolts that secure the door.
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 shew respectively a sectional front elevation, a cross section and
a front view with the door closed of a modification in which a number of trays are
mounted one above the other upon one and the same pivot shaft within a single
casing.
The pivot shaft E is for this purpose supported in addition to the end bearings.
by brackets A¹ formed at intervals on or fixed to the casing A, and between these
there are mounted thereon the eyes D¹ of the several trays D), carrying the pans G

page_text: The
the eyes D being by preference carried on the brackets by ball bearings as shewn
at Fig. 6. Heating coils F are arranged intermediately between each of the
trays. The apparatus is otherwise constructed similarly to the before described
arrangements, the corresponding parts being marked with the same letters.
exhaust pipe a leading to a condenser L for condensing exhausted vapours and
connected to a suitable vacuum pump M, is in this case connected to the top of the
casing. The door B is in this arrangement pivotted to hinged arms C as in the
first arrangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is;
-
1. Apparatus for drying materials and for impregnating the same with liquids
consisting of a closed casing suitably heated and provided with means for exhausting
the air therefrom and for introducing liquids, in which are one or more trays
mounted on vertical pivots for containing the materials to be dried or impregnated
so that the said tray or trays can be turned outward on its or their pivot beyond
the casing for convenience of placing or removing the said materials therein or
therefrom, substantially as described.
2. I apparatus for drying materials and for impregnating the same with
liquids such as is referred to in the first claim, mounting upon the pivotted tray
or trays a pan for containing the material to be treated, which pan is mounted
upon a central pivot on the tray so that it can be turned round thereon for gaining
ready access to its contents, substantially as described.
3.-In-apparatus--for-drying-materials-and-for-impregnating-the-same with
liquids, the combination of a casing A closed by a door B, one or more trays D
pivotted to an axis E fixed to the casing, pans G for containing the materials
to be acted upon, mounted on pivots in the said trays, pipe coils F fixed in the
casing above and below the trays D and adapted to be connected to a supply of
steam or other heating fluid, and branch pipes a¹ and a on the casing, adapted
respectively to connect the same to an air exhausting apparatus and to a supply
of impregnating liquid, substantially as described, with reference to the drawings.
4. In apparatus for drying materials and for impregnating the same with
liquids such as is referred to in the first claim, the combination of two or more
separate casings each containing a pivotted tray and heating coils and arranged
one above the other, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5 of
the drawings.
5. In apparatus for drying materials, and for impregnating the same with liquids
such as is referred to in the first claim, arranging two or more pivotted trays one
above the other within one and the same casing, the trays being pivotted to a
pivot shaft common to all, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 6
to 8 of the drawings.
Dated this 30th day of I woust 1908