Improvements in the Construction of Sliding Window Sashes and the like for Retaining same in any Position.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 7th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 7th Apr., 1887.
Improvements in the Construction of Sliding Window Sashes and
the like for Retaining same in any Position.
JOSEPH HENRY BETTELEY, 42 Old Broad Street, City E.C. Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
One mode of carrying this Invention into practice is by fixing specially constructed
hooks or fastenings to the outside or inside edges of window sashes which said hooks
or fastenings work into elongated or other conveniently shaped slots, or serrated teeth
fixed to, or formed on the inside edges of the guides or grooves in which the window
sash works. When altering the position of a window thus constructed it is only
necessary to raise or lower the same by the usual knob or handle pressing the sash
outwards or pulling inwards according to which side the serrated teeth or slots are
attached (the said hook or fastening being thus connected and retaining the window
sash in any desired position.
A second mode is by fixing a specially constructed hook or fastening on the outside
edge of the stile or stiles of a window sash, which works into serrated teeth or
conveniently shaped slots formed between the guides, or in the bottom end of groove
or grooves in the window frame, a spring or springs being used to keep the fastenings
in contact. When altering the position of a window thus constructed, it is only
necessary to raise or lower it by the knob or handle, at the same time releasing the
hook from the slots or teeth by moving the sash to the left or right against the aforesaid
springs in the sash or frame; but directly pressure is removed from the sash, the
springs press against the stile or end of same, causing the hook or other fastening to
become connected with a recess or slot in the bottom of groove or grooves (in which
the window sash works) thereby holding same in position.
A third method is by placing within the top of a window sash (in which the glass is
fixed) a horizontal shaft or bar extending full width of same and having pawls or
catches fixed on top or bottom side at either end, which said pawls or catches work into
serrated teeth indentations or openings fixed to or formed on the inside edge or edges
of groove (in which the sash slides or works) and lock it in position, the aforesaid
teeth or serrated edges being made of metal, wood, or preferably of a material which

page_text: will deaden any noise caused by vibration, or by the pawls passing over the teeth
when raising or lowering the window.
And I fix about mid-way of the top window sash the lower part of a divided handle
which forms a bearing and fulcrum for the aforesaid horizontal shaft, the upper part
of the divided handle being fixed to the shaft at an acute angle (to the horizontal line
of same) and is kept in that position by a spring placed between the upper and lower
parts of the divided handle. A roller or rollers of India rubber or other pliable
material may be placed on the sash or frame to act as a guide (in the working of sash)
also to prevent rattling and exclude draught, dust and rain. To alter position of
window it is only necessary to place the fingers under lower portion of handle, and
press down the top part of handle (compressing the spring between the two parts)
which causes the shaft to partly rotate and release the pawls or catches at either end
from its tooth or recess, when the window sash can be easily raised or lowered, but
directly pressure is removed from top part of handle, it flys back to its normal position,
throwing the pawls or catches into gear with the serrated teeth or openings, thus
securing the window in position.
A fourth mode is by placing two bars or rods one on either side of a rocking spindle
which said bars project at their outer ends a short distance beyond side of sash and
bear on serrated teeth or openings fixed to or formed on bottom of grooves or guides
in frame (in which the window sash slides) the inner ends of rods being bent, and
having a slot formed therein in which a pin (attached to the short rocking spindle)
works.
By turning the knob or handle to the right or left the ends of both rods are
simultaneously withdrawn from the serrated teeth or openings in which they bear or
rest and the window can be easily raised or lowered, directly the handle or knob is
released, the said short rods are "shot" or forced out by springs, causing the ends (of
rods) to enter the slots or openings, thus retaining window in position.
"
A fifth mode is by causing rollers or springs to work into wave lines" or
corrugations fixed to or formed on the insides or hottoms of grooves or guides in which
the sash slides, or on the outer edge of stile of window sash.
These Improvements are also applicable to sliding screens, blinds, ventilators &c.
Dated this 7th day of June 1886.

page_text: the like for Retaining same in any Position.
I, JOSEPH HENRY BETTELEY of No. 42 Old Broad Street, London, E.C. Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
On the inside edge or edges of grooves or guides in the frame in which the sash
slides or works, I form rectangular, elongated or other conveniently shaped slots at
suitable intervals apart, into which take specially constructed hooks or fastenings.
Said specially constructed hooks or fastenings-which are fixed to the edges of the
sash rest, or hook on to said slots, and retain the window in the position required.
When it is desired to alter the position of the window, it is only necessary to raise
or lower the same by the usual knob or ledge, and when at a sufficient height, press
the window outwards if the slots are on the outside guide, or, should the slots be upon
the inside guide, press inwards, when the hooks or fastenings will catch in the slots;
thus securing the window in the desired. position.
A second mode is as follows:-At the top end of one of the outside edges of the
'stile' or 'stiles' of a window sash, a specially designed hook or fastening is fixed
which works into suitably shaped slots formed between the guides or bottom of the
groove or grooves in the window frame. I may in some cases use a spring or springs,
or equivalent means for pressing against the outer edge of the 'stile of the window
sash so that the hooks or fastenings may be pressed into the aforesaid slots. When
altering the position of the window sash, assuming the springs to be on the left, and
the hook and slots on the right of same, it is only necessary to raise or lower the
window by the knob or ledge, at the same time releasing the hook from its slot on the
right by pressing the sash to the left against the spring or springs before mentioned,
but directly the pressure is removed from the sash, the springs press against said sash,
causing the hook or other fastening to engage in a slot, thereby holding the sash in
position.
A third method is as follows:-Within the top of a window sash, (in which the
glass is fixed), I enclose a horizontal shaft or bar, extending the full width of the
sash; to which shaft or bar is fixed, on its upper side a pawl or catch, which latter,-
when the window is in its normal position, takes into, or engages with teeth,
indentations, or openings, fitted or formed in the inside edge or edges of the groove
or guide, within which the sash works, and locks it in position. Said teeth or serrated
edges are made of metal, wood, or preferably of a material which would tend to prevent
noise caused by vibration, or by the pawls passing over the teeth or serrated edges in
raising or lowering the window.
In the middle of the window sash, and a little below the centre of the aforesaid
horizontal shaft or bar, I fix the low part of a divided handle, which forms a bearing
and fulcrum,for the said shaft or bar; the upper part of the knob or handle is fixed to

page_text: the shaft or bar at an acute angle to the horizontal line of same, and is kept in that
position by a spring placed between the upper and lower portions of the divided knob
or handle aforesaid.
A roller or rollers of India Rubber, or other resilient material or substance, may be
placed on the sash, or within the frame, to act as a guide for the sash, to prevent the
sash from rattling, and also to exclude draught, dust and rain.
In order to raise or lower the window, the fingers are placed beneath the lower
portion of the knob or handle above referred to; the upper portion thereof, which, by
means of the spring before mentioned, is kept apart from the lower, is pressed down
by the thumb, the inner end of which, being fixed to the horizontal shaft, causes the
latter to make a partial revolution, and disengages the fixed pawls or ratchets at either
end of same from the serrated edges or teeth in the frame, when the window can be
raised or lowered with ease; as soon however as the thumb is removed from the upper
portion of the divided handle, it is caused to fly back to its normal position by means
of the spring placed, as before mentioned between the upper and lower portions, thus
throwing the pawls or ratchets into gear with the serrated edges or teeth at either end
in the window frame, by which means as above described, the window is held in any
desired position; on the other hand, the teeth or serrated edges may be placed on the
inner side of the frame, and the pawls or ratchets, beneath the shaft, instead of above, as
before described, said pawls or ratchets being retained in position by means of the
spring between the upper and lower portions of the handle.
Another mode of carrying out my invention is in the employment of two short bars
or rods, placed, one on either side of a rocking spindle, which bars project a short
distance beyond each side of the sash, so as to bear on serrated edged slips or teeth, or
take into recesses, fixed in or formed on the inside ends of the frame in which the sash
slides; the inner ends of the rods are bent to form the segment of a circle, having a
slot formed therein, in which works a pin fixed on or in the said rocking spindle, to
which the bent ends of the bars are connected.
When it is required to alter the position of the window, a handle, which is fixed on
a square part of the rocking spindle, is turned to the right, which action simultaneously
withdraws the ends of both rods from the recesses, serrated edges or teeth, on which
the ends of the bars rest, and the windows can be raised or lowered with ease; but
when the know or handle is released, the said rods are shot or forced out by means of
suitable springs fixed to the pins upon the rocking spindle above referred to.
A further method which I employ in accordance with my invention is as follows, that
is to say In the grooves, channels or recesses, within which the sash works, I fix a
plate of metal, hard wood or other suitable material, having cut, stamped, or otherwise
formed along one of its edges, a series of hook like projections, into which take or engage
pins or studs, one of which latter is fixed upon each side of the sash. Thus, in order to
place the window at any desired height, it is merely necessary in raising the sash by the
knob or ledge, to pull it gently forward, when the pins or studs aforesaid upon the sash
will enter between, and the window will be sustained by the hook like projections
fixed as before described within the grooves, channels or recesses of the window
frame.
Another means of attaining the principles of my invention is by forming suitable
corrugations on the inner sides of the guides or recessos in the frames. On the sides
of the sash I fix a spring or roller, or both, which works, or which work into the said
corrugations, thus securing the window sash in any desired position, or the
corrugations may be placed on the sash, and the spring or roller or both on the
frame.
The improvements as above described, are also applicable to sliding screens, blinds,
ventilators, and for like purposes.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I have appended the
accompanying two sheets, of drawings, (like letters of reference being marked on
corresponding parts on all the Figures,) in which Figure 1 sheet 1 is a part elevation
of a window frame A, showing in the recess on the two sides of the frame B, the slots
or openings c, on to, or in which take the hooks or fastenings d, Figure 2.

page_text: Figure 2 is a part end sectional elevation of the frame A taken on line A A
Figure 1, showing the slots or openings c sash B, and the hook or fastening d attached
thereto.
Figure 3 is a part elevation of a window frame A, and sash B illustrating the hook
or fastening d fixed upon the right side or stile of the sash B, taking into, or resting
in the slot or opening c. On the left hand stile of the sash is secured the spring f, as
and for the purpose herein described.
Figure 4 is a part end sectional elevation of Figure 3, taken on line B, B, showing
clearly the slots or openings c formed in the groove, recess or guide e of the
frame A.
Figure 5. Sheet 2, is a part elevation of a window frame A having formed in the
grooves, guides or recesses thereof, hook like projections g into which take, or on
which rest the pins or studs secured to the stiles of the sashes B; Figure 6 is a part
end elevation of Figure 5 taken on line C, C; and Figure 7 is a portion of the last
referred to Figure upon an enlarged scale.
Figure 8, is a front elevation of part of a window frame A, and sash B, showing
two rods and on either side of a rocking spindle ; working into serrated edges,
teeth or recesses c fixed to, or formed on the end of the groove or guide e. Figure 9,
is a sectional plan view through line A A Figure 8.
Figure 10, is an enlarged view of the position of the inner ends of the two rods or
bars and, as retained in their normal position by means of the springs k, and
Figure 11 is an enlarged view showing the position of the inner ends of the two rods i
and, when their outer ends are withdrawn (by turning the knob or handle () from
the serrated edges or teeth c, fitted to, or formed on the end of the groove or
guide e.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :—
Firstly-The employment of hooks or fastenings connected to the window sashes,
and working into recesses or teeth with serrated edges formed in or attached to the
inside edge of the guide or guides or groove or grooves in the window frame in which
the sash works substantially as herein described and illustrated in Figures 1, and 2, of
the accompanying drawings.
Secondly The employment of hooks or fastenings fixed to the window sash and
working into recesses or teeth with serrated edges formed in or attached to the frames
of the window between the guides or on the bottom of the groove, substantially as
herein described and illustrated at Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly The adoption of a stop or window retainer consisting of a roller or
spring working into corrugations fitted in or formed on either the frame or sash of a
window substantially as herein described and set forth.
==
Fourthly-The method which I adopt in the employment of one or more rods or
bars for the purpose of facilitating the locking the window sash in position by means of
a rocking spindle and its connections substantially as herein described and illustrated
at Figures 8, 9, 10 an 11 of the accompanying drawings.
Fifthly The employment of hook like projections for the purpose of retaining the
window in position by means of pins or studs attached to the sash substantially as
herein described and illustrated a Figures 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Sixthly-The method of employing corrugations or wave lines, formed in or fixed
in the sash guide or frame of the window, in which corrugations works a spring or
roller substantially as herein described and set forth.
Todd hi 1007