IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS a communication to me from abroad by Wirth and Co of Frankfort-on-
the-Main acting as Agents for L. Döhmer (Engineer) of Crefeld both in the Empire
of Germany to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in looms and consists in such a con-
struction of loom that one or more warps pass vertically or nearly so from below
upwards through one or more horizontal or nearly horizontal vertically reciprocating
reeds so that the weft shot along the upper side of the reed may be beaten up from
below upwards the reed itself forming the shuttle race, and it also consists in the
use of this construction in looms for weaving fabrics of all kinds especially those in
which several shuttles are used.
The Invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing which represents a
sectional elevation of so much of a loom as is necessary to show the improvements.
In this loom the reed or reeds c¹ c instead of being vertical or nearly so is or are
horizontal and the lathe I is worked up and down in a perpendicular direction.
The reed itself constitutes the shuttle race and the warp threads will generally be
sufficient to prevent the shuttle from flying off sideways, but for greater security
rails, skew surfaces, boards or reeds can as shewn by the angle bars ƒ be fixed
alongside of the shuttle race, and between which the shuttle is forced to run.
can be accomplished with roller shuttles as is generally the case with them by
inclining the roller axles from one another, or as with sliding shuttles for instance
by inclining the separate reeds from the horizontal or by inclining the whole, so
that the shuttle will by its own weight run at the lowest side.
With this
arrangement one two or more shuttles can be used at the same time.
This
The reeds being horizontal the warps travel upwards in a vertical or nearly
vertical direction, and they pass from the warp beams K' K' under the rollers a, b,
n

page_text: through the heddles 2 through the reeds c¹ c³ the weft being beaten up at 8¹ 83.
The woven fabric is wound on beams w³ w³, by the rollers 12 in the ordinary
manner.
The lathe I is reciprocated vertically by the connecting rod p and the crank
shaft A which works both the pickers and the lathe.
The pickers are worked by cams E in the ordinary manner, and the two shuttles
are shot in opposite directions at the same time.
The shedding of the warp is effected in a horizontal instead of a vertical direction
and can be accomplished by any suitable shedding motion.
The arrangement shewn here consists of the two eccentrics x¹ x² driven by the
shaft A in the proportion of 1 to 2, the treadle levers n¹ n², quadrant levers h¹ h
and heddles kk. The mechanism used in ordinary looms such as the weft lever,
protector temple and belt shipper can be used in this case, but they have been
omitted for the sake of cleaness.
Other arrangements and mechanism can be used instead of the one represented
as for instance instead of two warp beams one can be used or other arrangements
of treadle, picker, and winding motions may be used.
The distance between the vertically travelling warps is optional as well as
a slight inclination from the vertical. 81 82 can be brought to the same point, or at
least very close together the rollers a, b, remaining in the same position as would
be the case for instance in weaving double velvets, the two reeds c' c² being in this
case combined in one in order to allow the pile to pass.

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
IN LOOMS" (a communication to me from abroad by Wirth and Co of Frankfort-on-
the-Main acting as Agents for L. Döhmer (Engineer) of Crefeld both in the Empire
of Germany) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in looms and consists in such a con-
struction of loom that one or more warps pass .vertically or nearly so from below.
upwards through one or more horizontal or nearly horizontal vertically reciprocating
reeds so that the weft shot along the upper side of the reed may be beaten up from
below, the reed itself forming the shuttle race, and it also consists in the use of this
construction in looms for weaving fabrics of all kinds especially those in which
several shuttles are used.
The Invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings figure 1 of which
represents a cross sectional elevation, figure 2 a part plan and figure 3 a longitudinal
sectional elevation of so much of a loom as is necessary to show the improvements.
In this loom the reed or reeds c¹ c¹ instead of being vertical or nearly so is or are
horizontal and the lathe I is worked up and down in a perpendicular direction.
The reed itself constitutes the shuttle race and the warp threads will generally be
sufficient to prevent the shuttle from flying off sideways, but for greater security
rails, skew surfaces, boards or reeds can as shewn by the angle bars f be fixed
alongside of the shuttle race, and between which the shuttle is forced to run.
can be accomplished with roller shuttles as is generally the case with them by
inclining the roller axles from one another, or as with sliding shuttles for instance
by inclining the separate reeds from the horizontal or by inclining the whole, so
that the shuttle will by its own weight run at the lowest side.
With this arrange-
ment one two or more shuttles can be used at the same time.
This
The reeds being horizontal the warps travel upwards in a vertical or nearly
vertical direction, and they pass from the warp beans K¹ K under the rollers a b
through the heddles through the reeds c¹ c³ the weft being beaten up at 8¹ 8².
The woven fabric is wound on beams w w², by the rollers in the ordinary
manner,
The lathe I is reciprocated vertically by the connecting rod p and the crank
shaft A which works both the pickers and the lathe.
The pickers are worked by cams E in the ordinary manner, and the two shuttles
are shot in opposite directions at the same time.
The motion of the harness is effected in a horizontal instead of a vertical direction
and can be accomplished by any suitable shedding motion.
The arrangement shown here consists of the two eccentrics a driven by the
shaft A in the proportion of 1 to 2, the treadle levers n¹ n², quadrant lovers h¹ h
and heddles ¹ k².

page_text: The mechanism used in ordinary looms such as the weft lever, protector temple
and belt shipper can be used in this case, but they have been omitted for the sake
of clearness.
Other arrangements and mechanism can be used instead of the one represented
as for instance instead of two warp beams one can be used, or other arrangements
of treadle, picker, and winding motions may be used.
The distance between the vertically travelling warps is optional, as well as
a slight inclination from the vertical. 8² 83 can be brought to the same point or at
least very close together, the rollers a b remaining in the same position as would be
the case for instance in weaving double velvets, the two reeds c¹ c being in this
case combined in one in order to allow the pile to pass.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The construction and arrangement of a loom, wherein one or more sets of
warp, threads pass upwards in a vertical or nearly vertical direction through
horizontal or nearly horizontal and vertically or nearly vertically reciprocating
reeds, the weft being shot along the upper side of the reed (which itself forms the
shuttle race) and beaten up from below, substantially as herein shown and
described.
2nd The employment of the peculiar construction herein specified in looms for
weaving fabrics of all kinds and especially those in which several shuttles are used.
Dated this 10th dow of Mush 7005