Improvements in Means for Controlling the Flow of Liquids.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 24th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 24th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Controlling the Flow of Liquids.
1, WILHELM CORNELIUS LORAN VAN SCHAIK, of No. 11 Kruis-straat,
Rotterdam, in the Kingdom of The Netherlands, Doctor of Philosophy, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in means for controlling the flow of
liquids which can be operated by a slight force, provides a tight closure after
opening, and closes automatically, that is to say, independently of the will of
the operator after the passage of an adjustable amount of liquid without causing
hammering" in the supply pipe.
66
It comprises a differential valve that is caused to rise by means of the discharge
of a determined quantity of liquid, the lift of said valve being limited by a
regulating device, so that the flow of the liquid depends on the time the differential
valve is lifted from off the discharge pipe, and which valve when moved down by
the differences of the hydrodynamical pressure, which may be assisted by gravity,
serves to again shut off the apparatus.
:-
An arrangement of tap or cock according to my invention is as follows:-
At the bottom of a vertical cylinder into the lower part of which a supply pipe
opens, and at the top of which an overflow or outlet to another cylinder is provided,
there is arranged a differential valve the upper portion of which forms a piston that
works within but does not tightly fit the first mentioned cylinder, whilst the lower
portion of the valve is of small diameter and is furnished with a jointing washer
and terminates in a guiding piece which extends through an opening formed through
the bottom of the cylinder into a discharge pipe and is so shaped that it does not
hinder the flow of the liquid through the opening after the differential valve has
lifted.
The second or auxiliary cylinder communicates at its bottom through a passage
with the discharge pipe of the apparatus and in it there is arranged a cylindrical
casing at the bottom of which is a washer which closes the passage to the discharge
pipe. A piston works loosely (without making a tight joint) in the said casing the
piston rod passing loosely through a hole in the top of the casing so as to enable
liquid to pass from the cylinder into the casing and fill the same.
The piston is adapted to be actuated by means of a handle attached to the piston
rod which extends to the exterior of the cylinder and is rendered tight by a washer.
When the apparatus is in the position of rest, that is to say when the exits from
the lower ends of the cylinders are closed, there exists throughout the entire
apparatus the pressure existing in the supply pipe. In order to set the apparatus
in operation, the piston within the casing is pressed gradually downwards in the
said casing, thus displacing the liquid therein and then the casing, together with its
washer, is lifted by a more rapid movement of the piston which acts through the
water between it and the top of the casing away from the passage leading to the
discharge pipe so that the liquid is able to flow from the second cylinder through
the passage therefrom into the discharge pipe, and also from the first mentioned
cylinder through the passage at the upper part into the second cylinder, because at
the mement of the discharge through the passage leading from the second cylinder
to the discharge pipe the differential valve lifts and forces the greater part of the
liquid in front of it from its cylinder into the other.

page_text: The amount of liquid flowing through the valve at the bottom of the first
mentioned cylinder into the discharge pipe is limited by the time taken by the
differential valve to move up and down in the cylinder and this time may be
suitably regulated by means of a screw passing through the top of the cylinder or
by other means.
After the casing contained in the second cylinder has moved up as described, it
sinks gradually down, and closes the passage below by means of its washer, whilst
the differential valve sinks down gradually to the difference of the hydrodynamical
pressure as well as by its own weight and closes the outflow opening by means of
its washer, whilst allowing the whole apparatus to become again filled with liquid
from the supply pipe, past the piston portion of the differential valve. Thus by
the automatic closing of the second or auxiliary cylinder and its accessory part
only a predetermined quantity of liquid is supplied each time the draw off cock is
opened.
Dated this 8th day of August 1894.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Means for Controlling the Flow of Liquids.
1, WILHELM CORNELIUS LORAN VAN SCHAIK of No. 11 Kruis-straat,
Rotterdam, in the Kingdom of The Netherlands, Doctor of Philosophy, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention of improvement in means for controlling the flow of liquids,
relates to a draw-off tap or device that can be operated by a small force, that will
provide a tight closure, and will close automatically after the passage of an
adjustable amount of liquid without causing "hammering" in the supply pipe.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 and 3 are vertical sections, and
Figs. 2 and 4 underside views, illustrating by way of example tw.) arrangements
of draw off tap or controlling device constructed according to this invention.
In both arrangements the supply pipe A opens into a cylinder B in the bottom
of which there is arranged a differential valve CD. The upper portion C of this
valve is formed as a piston, but does not closely fit the wall of the cylinder B,
whilst the lower portion is of smaller diameter and carries a jointing-washer D.
The differential valve terminates in a guide-piece E which extends through an
opening in the bottom of the cylinder into a discharge pipe A' and is so shaped, as
shown that it will not hinder the flow of liquid through the said opening after the
differential valve has lifted.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 there branches off from the discharge
pipe Aa passage H leading to a second cylinder G through the bottom thereof,
the said cylinder having at its upper part an overflow passage F leading to the
first cylinder B. The inlet of the passage into the cylinder G is normally
rendered liquid tight by means of a washer K, fixed on the bottom of a cylindrical
casing J within which loosely works a piston L (without packing) adapted to be
actuated by means of a handle M which extends to the exterior of the cylinder G
and is normally rendered fluid tight by a washer at N.
When the apparatus is in the position of rest, assumed to be the case in
Fig. 1, that is to say, when the pipes or passages A' and H controlled by D and K
respectively, are closed, there exists throughout the apparatus the pressure
existing in the supply pipe A. In order to set the apparatus in operation, the

page_text: piston L is pressed down, by means of its handle M, into the casing J so as to
cause the liquid beneath the piston to flow to the upper side thereof, and then
by a quicker upward movement, the casing, together with the washer K, is raised
from off the end of the passage H. In consequence of this, the liquid contained
in the cylinder G can flow through the passage H into the discharge pipe A',
whilst additional liquid will flow into the cylinder G through the passage from
the cylinder B, because at the moment the outflow of liquid through H takes
place, the differential valve C D will rise, and force the greater part of the liquid
in front of or above it out of the cylinder B through F into G. The direct How
of liquid from the supply pipe A through the discharge pipe A controlled by the
valve D, which takes place upon the rising of the differential valve, is determined
by the time taken by this valve to move upward and then downward in the
cylinder B. This time can be suitably regulated by means of a suitably arranged
stop such as a screw spindle B', as shown in Fig. 1, or in any other convenient
manner such as for example that adopted in the modification shown in Fig 3, and
hereinafter described. After the casing J (Fig. 1) has been moved upward as
above described, and released, it will gradually sink and so close the passage H by
means of the washer K, whilst the differential valve CD, in consequence of the
difference in fluid pressure upon its two parts, and aided by its own weight, will
gradually move down on to its seat thereby again closing the outlet opening by
means of the washer D, and allowing the entire apparatus to become again filled
from the supply pipe A through the space between the piston-shaped part C, of the
valve and the cylinder B.
In the modified arrangement, shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, of the construction above
described, the latter has been simplified by arranging the subsidiary passage H, the
opening of which causes the differential valve CD to rise in the body of the said
valve, whereby the second cylinder G (Figs. 1 and 2) can be dispensed with without
affecting the certainty of the working of the entire draw off apparatus.
As shewn in Figs. 3 and 4, the supply pipe A to the cylinder B, and the differential
valve CD in the latter, are also present in this case but the subsidiary passage H
passes through the body and exterior E of the valve as shown. The washer K which
normally closes the opening F at the upper end of the said passage H is carried by
the head of a rod P which fits so freely in the cavity Q in the handle M, that
when it is pushed relatively upward into the cavity it will soon fall down again.
The mode of operation and the way of actuating the modified form of apparatus,
remains unaltered in its main features. The handle M is pressed down, the
cavity therein moving over the rod P. The handle is then raised, whereby the
rod P is carried up with it. As the passage F H will be thereby opened, liquid
will flow out from the upper part of the vessel B (which replaces to some extent in
this case the vessel G of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2) into the
subsidiary passage F H; the differential valve will rise; and liquid will flow out
of the supply pipe A directly into the discharge pipe A. This direct flow from A
through the pipe A', which is opened by the lifting of the valve C D, is limited in
this case also by the time which is required by the said valve to move up and then
down in the cylinder B. In its upward movement it will strike against the head
of the rod P, and then return gradually with the latter back into its original
position shown in Fig. 3. This self-closing of the subsidiary passage FH also
allows of a certain regulation with respect to the time of opening of the discharge
pipe A inasmuch as this time is longest when the handle has been completely
depressed and then quickly raised, the time of opening being shortened in proportion
as the handle M is depressed to a smaller extent, and is then raised solely by the
hydrostatic pressure thereon. Besides, in this case the differences of pressure are
operative or active in the several spaces of the apparatus in the same manner as
has already been hereinbefore set forth with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
In the first, as also in the second arrangement the automatic closure of the
subsidiary conduit (F G H in Fig. 1, and F. H in Fig. 3), ensures that only a
determined quantity of liquid shall be delivered each time the apparatus is operated,

page_text: and that the consumer cannot therefore keep the main supply passage open as long
as he likes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for drawing-off liquids, wherein by the opening of a branch or
subsidiary passage and the discharge of a determined quantity of liquid, a
differential valve C D will be caused to lift or move to an extent limited by a stop,
capable, it may be, of being regulated, so that the discharge of such liquid will be
determined by the time during which the said differential valve will leave open the
main discharge pipe, the differential valve being raised by the difference in pressure
produced in the liquid, at its two sides on the opening of the branch or subsidiary
passage, and returning automatically by its own weight so as to again close the
said discharge-pipe independently of the will of the consumer, substantially as
described.
2. Draw-off apparatus of the kind referred to in the preceding claim constructed
arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings
annexed.
LA: 100%
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.