Improvements in Lamp Burners.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1891-Accepted. 16th May, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamp Burners.
1, ELIAS BURGHER REQUA, of 51 High Street, in Jersey City, County of
Hudson and State of New Jersey, one of the United States of America, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The invention relates to improvements in lamp burners, and consists in the central
draft burner hereinafter described and claimed.
The object of the invention is to produce a burner which is simple and durable,
and in which the drafts are so controlled that a pure steady flame of special illumina-
ting quality is secured. The construction of the burner is such, also, that its parts
may be readily detached from each other when desired, and that the burner fount
may be filled with oil without entirely removing the burner therefrom.
Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this Specification
Figure is a central vertical section of the burner constructed in accordance with
the invention, the dotted lines illustrating the position of the burner when it is
tilted over to permit the filling of the burner fount ;
Figure 2 is a top view of same, the flaine deflector at the top of the central draft
tube and some of the other upper parts of the burner being broken away to disclose
the interior construction;
Figure 3 is a bottom view of the burner;
Figure 4 a detached perspective view of a draft controlling device which occupies
the central draft tube of the burner:
Figure 5 a bottom view of the draft diffuser and flame deflector which rests upon
the upper end of the central draft tube; and
Figure 6 is a detached side view of a part of the burner, showing the joint by
which the upper and lower parts of the burner may be secured together; this view
shows the upper and lower parts of the burner in position ready to be pushed
together, the pin of the upper part being over and in condition to enter the angular
slot formed in the lower part.
In the accompanying drawings A designates a cylinder having a contracted
flange Bat its lower edge and supporting at its upper edge the burner base C. The
cylinder A is connected with and supports the transverse tubes D, D, and vertical
central draft tube E, and is entirely open on opposite sides of said transverse
tubes D. D, as shown in Figure 3, to form spaces for the reception of the lower
bifurcated ends of the wick, which is shown by dotted lines in Figure 1. This
wick is of the usual kind made circular or tubular at its upper end and split or
bifurcated at its lower end.
The vertical central draft tube E contains the draft controller frame F, shown
detached in Figure 4, which frame forms cross partitions within the tube E and
prevents the draft from rushing through the transverse tubes D, D. and forming a
twisting or spiral or irregular current up through the tube E. The frame con-
trols and subdues the central draft and thereby maintains steadiness in the flame
and improves its illuminating quality.
Upon the upper end of the central draft tube E is placed the cylindrical per-
forated air diffuser (i, whose lower edges fit within the upper end of the tube E, as
shown in Figure 1. The upper end of the diffuser (i has secured upon it the cap H
which is made from a disc of sheet metal and has the downwardly deflecting edge I,
which operates to turn the upward current of air downward and outward into the
flame and to aid in maintaining the flame steady and in globular form.

page_text: From the foregoing description it will be observed that the cylinder A supports
the transverse draft tubes D, D, the vertical central draft tube E, frame F,
diffuser G and cap H, and in addition has removably secured to its upper edge the
burner base C, which will be hereinafter described.
The contracted flange B at the lower edge of the cylinder A has a smooth
external surface and fits within the ring J which has its exterior surface threaded to
engage the customary internal threads formed in the lamp collars which are applied
upon the upper end of the ordinary burner founts. The threaded ring J when the
burner is to be applied to the burner fount is screwed into the ordinary lamp collar
and thereby held in place. The ring J has at upper edge the outwardly extending
horizontal flange K which at one edge supports the lug L, in an eye formed at the
upper end of which is enclosed the outer end of the link or arm M, the inner end
of this link or arm being soldered or otherwise secured to the lower surface of the
transverse draft tube D as indicated in Figure 1. The link or arm M and lug L
constitute a binge by means of which when desired the burner may be tilted out-
ward to the position indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1. On the flange K at a
point opposite to the lug L is provided the pivoted catch N which is adapted to be
turned upon the outer end of the arm 0 secured at its inner end within the trans-
verse draft tube D; the purpose of the catch N and arm O is to afford a means
whereby the lamp burner may be locked in its vertical position. The catch N is
illustrated in Figure 1 as turned upon and holding down the arm O, but when it is
desired to tilt the burner to the position indicated by dotted lines it is simply
necessary to turn the catch N outward upon its pivot thereby freeing the arm
and permitting the burner to be turned upward on the hinge formed by the lug L
and arm M. In order to prevent the burner from being tilted upward too far, I
have provided the chain P which hangs loosely, as seen in Figure 1, when the
burner is in its vertical position, and which when the burner is tilted over, will pass
upward with the transverse tubes D, D, and prevent the burner from moving unduly.
One end of the chain P is secured to the ring J while the upper end of the chain is
secured to the lower surface of the transverse tubes D, D; the ring J is provided
with an eye Q to receive the lower end of the chain P.
The burner base C is provided with the cylindrical walls R and horizontal lower
portion S having the draft apertures T which extend in a circle around the burner
base and permit the external currents of air to pass within the burner. The burner
base is also provided, and is preferably made integral with, the wick tube V which
extends upward to a point upon a horizontal line with the upper end of the inner
central draft tube E, as shown in Figure 1 and has secured to its sides in suitable
bearings the wick raising wheels W which are arranged in pairs at opposite sides
of the wick tube V as indicated in Figure 3 and have their edges projecting through
slots formed in the wick tube in order that they may be in constant contact with
the wick, and serve the purpose of raising and lowering the same. The vertical
walls R of the burner base C are provided with the shoulder X upon which rests
the foraminous plate Y through which the currents of air from the apertures T
must pass prior to coming into contact with the flame. The plate Y thoroughly
diffuses the currents of air and prepares them for contact with the flame. The
burner base is secured upon the upper edge of the cylinder A by means of the
pins a secured to the projections of said burner base and the slots d cut in the upper
edge of the cylinder A. At each side of the burner base there is provided a pin a
and at each side of the cylinder A is provided a slot d, the pin and slot forming a
bayonet joint. In Figure 6 the pin a and slot d is clearly shown, the former being
upon the burner base and the latter upon the cylinder A. the burner base and
cylinder being slightly separated in order to indicate the position of the parts when
the two are to be forced together. It will be observed upon reference to Figure 6
that upon the burner base ( being pressed downward into the cylinder A the pin
will enter the slot d and then upon the base C being turned to the left that the
pin a will enter the horizontal portion of said slot and be there secured by means of
the leaf spring e which is riveted to the cylinder A and has in its end an aperture f
12

page_text: of suitable size to receive the end of the pin a.
The outer end of the spring e curls
outwardly a little in order to enable the user of the lamp to conveniently elevate
the end of the spring from contact with the pin a when it is lesired to remove the
burner base C from the cylinder A.
When the burner base C and cylinder A are pressed together and turned to the
left, the point of the pin a will pass beneath the spring and pressing it outward
will, upon arriving at the aperture, pass into it, thereby permitting the spring e
to snap back against the surface of the cylind: the point of the
pin a until such time as the user may press the spring outward from and release
the pin.
The entire purpose of the pin a, slot d and springe is to permit the burner base C
and cylinder A to be connected together and detached from each other at will.
When the burner base C is detached from the cylinder A it is evident that the
interior parts of the burner may be very readily cleaned.
Upon the upper edge of the burner base C is applied the annular ring which
passes downward over the burner base C and has the upwardly extending fingers i
to serve to retain the lamp chimney or globe in position. Within the ring is
provided the horizontal chimney or globe support having apertures m and the
upwardly extending flame dome n whose upper edge is deflected inward forming a
flange o.
Upon reference to Figure 1 it will be observed that currents of air passing upward
through the apertures T in the burner base will first be thoroughly diffused by
their passage through the foraminous plate Y and that then the said air currents
will be divided, a portion of them passing upward between the outer wick tube V
and the flame domen, while the remaining portion of said air currents will escape
upward through the apertures m and ascend between the exterior surface of the
flame domen and the inner surface of the globe or chimney resting upon the
support j.
The draft of air feeding the center of the flame enters the air tubes D, D, and
thence ascends through the tube E and diffuser G to the flame. The central draft
is deflected outward to the flame by the flange 1 on the cap H; and the outer drafts
are deflected inward to the flame by the flange o on the flame dome n. The air
currents are so thoroughly regulated and controlled as to produce in the Hame
brilliant illuminating qualities, with the minimum consumption of oil; the flame
itself is also maintained in globular form without fluctuations or flickering.
The ring Jenables the burner to be screwed into the usual lamp collars already
in use, and permits the filling of the lamp oil fount without removing the burner
therefrom.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a lamp burner the cylinder A having the transverse tubes D, D, and central
draft tube E, combined with the burner base C having the tube V, and the chimney
or globe support; substantially as set forth.
2. In a lamp burner the cylinder A having the transverse tubes D, D, and central
draft tube E, combined with the burner base C having the tube V and chimney
support, said burner base being detachably secured to said cylinder by means of the
bayonet joint and spring described; substantially as set forth.
3. In a lamp burner the cylinder A having the transverse tubes D, D and central
draft tube E, the air diffuser G on the upper end of said tube E, and the disc H on
said diffuser, combined with the burner base C having the tube V and chimney
support; substantially as set forth.
4. In a lamp burner the cylinder A having the transverse tubes D, D, and central
draft tube E, combined with the frame Fin said tube E, and the burner base C
having the tube V and chimney support; substantially as set forth.

page_text: 5. A lamp burner having the flange B at its lower end, combined with the
threaded ring J hinged to said burner at one edge and at its opposite edge provided
with a catch; substantially as set forth.
Dated this 26th day of March 1901
ELIAS BURGHER REQUA.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.