Improvements in the Method of_and_Apparatus for Dyeing and similarly Treating Yarns and Textile Materials in all Stages of Preparation.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 15th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 19th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by CHARLES VANDERMEIRSSCHE, of 40, Rue Pascal,
Paris, in the French Republic, Engineer.]
Improvements in the Method of_and_Apparatus for Dyeing and
similarly Treating Yarns and Textile Materials in all Stages of
Preparation.
I, WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS of 70 Market Street Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the method of and apparatus for dyeing, scouring,
mordanting, washing and carbonising woollen and other textile yarns and materials
in all stages of preparation.
According to these Improvements the textile material is placed in pots which are
caused to rotate intermittently in a dye vat or in a bath of the required liquor or
solution, and during the periods of rest there is injected from the outside, a stream
of the dye liquor or other solution through the material contained in the pots.
The operation is conducted in a continuous manner and is applicable to the
dyeing of combed wool and all textile materials on bobbins and in other stages of
preparation.
The pots within which the material to be operated on is contained, are placed in
series which rotate above the liquor in the vat, and they are perforated both top
and bottom to allow the free circulation of the liquor. The end pots of each series
carry trunnions which form their axes of rotation. A wheel is fixed upon the
trunnion at the driving end through which the series of pots is driven by suitable
gearing.
The number of pots on each axis as well as the number of the series are limited
only by the necessities of construction and practical convenience.
It follows from the nature of the construction that when one series of pots is in
motion, the other series may be at rest. This permits a continuous working of the
apparatus.
The intermittent or alternate motion of the pots may be obtained by known
means. The pots are brought to rest in the vertical position and the liquor is then
forced through the material therein by means of a suitable pump or injecting
apparatus. The pressure at which the liquor is forced into the pots is more than
sufficient to overcome the ascensional tendency of the liquor in the vat which has
already passed through the material and which now gives way to the injected liquor.
Two elements therefore contribute to the work of dyeing and from the antagonism
and succession of effects, there results a regularity of tone and a uniformity of shade
not hitherto attained.
When
The liquor is supplied to the pots by means of pipes placed above them, through
closely fitting covers. When the injection of the liquor has ceased, these pipes and
covers are lifted by gearing clear from the pots which are then free to rotate.
the pots are again brought to rest, the pipes and covers are caused to re-descend and
close the upper openings of the pots ready for the following injection.
Dated this 14th day of June A.D. 1889.
WILLIAM E. HEYS

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for Dyeing and
similarly Treating. Yarns and Textile Materials in all Stages of
Preparation.
I, WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS of '70 Market Street Manchester in the County of
Lancaster, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the method of and apparatus for dyeing scouring
mordanting washing and carbonizing woollen and other textile yarns and materials in
all stages of preparation.
According to these Improvements the materials to be dyed or otherwise treated
are enclosed in pots which rotate intermittently in the dye beck or other vessel
containing the liquor with which the goods are, treated. The dyeing or other liquid
is injected through the materials from the outside during the periods of rest of the
pots. The operation is effected in a continuous manner and is applicable to the
mechanical dyeing or similar treatment of combed wool, of yarn in cops or on bobbins,
and of other textile materials in all stages of preparation.
I will more particularly describe my invention with reference to the accompanying
drawings which illustrate the construction and arrangement of a duplex,imachine
including two dye becks. This arrangement permits the operation to be conducted
without stopping the whole apparatus and ensures a continuous production.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation and Fig. 2. is a plan.
Fig. 3 is an elevation as seen from the end at which the driving pulleys Tare
mounted; and Fig. 4 is an elevation at the end of which the injection,and. return of
the liquid takes place.
In a suitable vat A supplied with the dyeing bath or solution there are mounted
one or more series of pots C arranged together so as to rotate on one or more axes.
These pots enclose the material to be treated and they have their upper and
their lower ends removable and perforated so as to permit the free flow of the
liquid through them.
The end pots of each series carry, at the middle of their length, trunnions S S
which prolong the diameters of the pots and constitute a rectilinear axis of rotation.
The machine represented in the drawings includes only two series of three pots
each, in each of the becks, but any other convenient numbers may be employed.
Upon the trunnions at the driving end of each series there is mounted a wheel R
gearing with a common loose pinion R¹ upon the shaft P which is mounted above
and along the centre of the beck. This shaft also carries a small wheel Q which
gears with and is driven by a small pinion mounted upon the first motion shaft of.
the machine upon which there are also mounted the fast and loose driving
pulleys T T¹. These pulleys may be substituted by gearing or by a crank handle
if desired.
The number of pots on each axis as well as the number of series of the pots.is
limited only by the necessities of construction and the conditions of use.
The pots rotate with an intermittent motion in the dyeing or similar liquid
which is kept at a convenient level. This intermittent motion may be obtained by
the hereinafter described arrangements or by any suitable known arrangement giving.
the same result. At the end opposite to the driving end of apparatus there is mounted
a toothed wheel O on the axis of a series of pots, and a toothed sector N mounted upon
the shaft P. With this arrangement the several series of pots being geared together,
the sector N comes into gear once during each revolution of the shart P, and the
pots are rotated so long as the sector is in gear with the pinion O, and are at rest whilst
the teeth of the sector and of the pinion are out of gear. The periods of rest and of
motion may thus be arranged by making the sector shorter or longer and by
employing two or more successive sectors each gearing with the pinion O.

page_text: While the pots are.at rest an injection of the colouring matter or other solution is
made through the materials contained therein by means of the pump, which draws its
supply from the vat A through the suction pipe H¹. This injection is effected
through the pipes H and F. and the covers E each of which is constructed to fit upon
the perforated end of its corresponding pot.
A cage or casing B of perforated metal or wire gauze surrounds the opening
to the pipe H in the vat to prevent the entrance therein of foreign substances.
The pressure at which the dyeing or other liquid is injected through the material
in the pots is sufficient to overcome the ascensional force of the liquid in the vat
which before the period of injection has entered the perforated ends of the pots and
saturated the materials therein, and this liquid from the vat is displaced by the
injected liquid. There are thus two elements contributing to the dyeing or similar
treatment and from the succession and antagonism of these effects there results a
regularity of tone and uniformity of result not before attained by any other
means.
As soon as the injection has been terminated the pipes F, and the pot covers E
which are connected therewith, are lifted and the rotative motion of the pots is
repeated until the next period of injection. All the described motions are obtained
by the operations of cams, excentrics and other known mechanical devices of a
suitable character. As represented in the drawings these motions are obtained by
means of the cams M which operate below the frame supporting the pipes at each end
of the vat. Rollers L attached to the pipes F and rolling in the guides K ensure the
regularity of the upward and downward motion of the apparatus.
The alternation and regulation of the injection and aspiration of the liquid is effected
by means of the two-way valve J which is provided with three flanges or means of
connection.
As soon as the injection of the liquid through the upper parts of the pots has ceased,
the liquid in the vats in resuming its level within the pots saturates the material
therein, taking the place of the injected liquid.
In order to regularly control the force of the injection from the pump I, the
pipes F are arranged in the form of horse shoes having their branches parallel above
the pots so as to keep the joints solid. To the middle of the horse-shoe is attached a
pipe which slides in a telescopic packed joint and permits the vertical movement of
the pipes F.
Exactly above each of the pots there is arranged a cover E already herein before
referred to. This cover is constructed in the form of an inverted funnel and it is
connected to the pipe F by means of an adjustable nut round which it can turn so
that it can be attached to the pot by means of a bayonet joint. The covers fit
hermetically upon the pots and their joints may be additionally secured by washers of
asbestos or amianthus. The solid joints of the two injection pipes F correspond with
one of the frames which support the lifting action of one of the cams M and the
weight of the various pipes sufficient to ensure the constant contact of the bends.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
(1) The hereinbefore described method of dyeing scouring mordanting washing
and carbonizing woollen and other textile yarns and materials in all stages of
preparation which consists in enclosing the materials in pots intermittently rotating
in the bath with which the materials are treated so that the bath has access to the
interior of the pots and in injecting portions of the bath through the materials
contained in the pots during their periods of rest, substantially as described.
(2) In an apparatus for dyeing scouring mordanting washing and similarly treating
textile yarns and materials in all stages of preparation, the combination of a series of
pots constructed to contain the material to be treated and to rotate on an axis
bisecting the axes of the pots, devices for intermittently rotating the pots, injection

page_text: pipes and covers arranged to be lifted from the pots during their motion and to close
the pots for the injection during the periods of rest, and cams or equivalent devices
for lifting and lowering the pipes and covers, all constructed arranged and operating
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 11th don
A D' 1000
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.