Improvements in Hoists and Elevators for Raising and Lowering Passengers or Materials for Construction Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 1st Nov., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hoists and Elevators for Raising and Lowering
Passengers or Materials for Construction Purposes.
1 ROBERT COOKE SAYER of 11 Clyde Road, Redland Bristol Civil Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
:
The object of this application is for the purpose of using screwed or spiral shafts
supported vertically or diagonally for raising passengers or materials: the details of
the hoists are shown on Sheets Nos. 1 and 2: No. 1 at Figs. 1 and 2 show in sectional
elevation and plan respectively: the general arrangements; where A are the two
vertical or diagonal wrought iron or steel braced frames, these receive occasional lateral
support when required, in the centre of each a spiral or hollow shaft or screw formed
of cast steel or iron, having square socketed joints flush outside, are carried by the
horizontal wheel that is supported by the wheels C, these traverse the_circular
rail d are supported horizontally at two points one of which is shown at E: bare
cast in convenient lengths and secured upon each other to any height, with the screw
thread, or spiral, continuous, and are supported laterally by the projecting arms Z.
those for T (the upward shaft) are shown on Sheet 2 Figs. 3 and 4 in sectional
elevation and plan respectively, where A shows the braced frame, Z is supported and
hinges vertically upon the upright A², normally rests upon Y and is provided with
jaws X which embrace and carry the wheels: Z are so fixed at the angles of A that
they support in all directions laterally and are provided with air cylinders W that
have a ram able to work in each, it is hinged as shown and has a small hole in the
cylinder, or a large valve to open inwards and a small one to open outwards so
that Z is raised easily but regulated to fall gently. At the intended height,
b (Sheet 1,) is deprived of its thread or spiral at 62 and on top they have a cone b³.
On or near the ground a traverser f formed of girders as shown is carried by the
wheels G upon rails, the centre pair G2 are carried by a cross shaft that also carry
the cog wheels G³, these are worked by the pinions G that obtain their motion from
the dynamo (dotted), the shaft carrying G₁ also carries the pinion G³ and a sleeve
pinion Ge shown in detail at Sheet 2 Fig. 5 so that by traversing G to the right it is
put out of gear with G³ and puts G5 into gear: and when G is traversed to the left
it is put out of gear with G³ and Go into gear with K or K2 whichever position it.
may be in, so as to give motion to A' as explained below: f carry four volute or
other vertical springs H that may be compressed below the upper surface of it: fis
also provided with the vertical supports I, that by means of the worm and wheels
shown at I, and that receive their motion from the chains actuated by G may be
lowered upon the rails and so raise f bodily with N upon it when desired to start it
upon its upward journey to be explained. At the first bay of A in T and U facing
each other the cross struts are omitted and compensated for by having a cross
girder A³ with side struts, A³ carries a screw bolt A5 with a bevelled pinion A* on
top of it. A works in the loose screw collar A and the lower end of A³ has a
swivel head that supports the pair of hooks A7, so that when A* is rotated and
A held they (A') are raised until the swivel head meets A and then turns laterally,
and similarly acts the reverse way: A obtains its motion from Go, when has been
traversed for it to be put into gear, into either of the shafts K or K2, these in either
case rotate the bevelled pinions K³, worm and pinion K', giving motion to the
vertical shaft shewn in section at K and pinion A*, through the horizontal shaft
shewn in section at A4.
At a certain distance above the top of a somewhat similar traverser L to fis
carried by the wheels M, that run upon rails: L is provided with similar gearing

page_text: and the parts are similarly lettered as that for f and worked by a dynamo (dotted):
each of these dynamos receive their current by the wheels, and also works a horizontal
wheel A similar to A below, and other similar parts that are similarly lettered
(A is shown in side view for clearness). Each of the 6 carry one or more cabins N,
fitted with wheels to run upon when bare laid diagonally and with passengers seats,
but for construction purposes a fence only. At the bottom a screw collar O that fits
upon, and is able to traverse b as it is rotated is formed in two parts one half being
fixed, the other hinging upon it as shown in detail on Sheet 2 Figs. 1 and 2 in plan
and side elevation, where b is the shaft, O the collar, 03 the part that opens out, as
shown dotted, when the bolt P is withdrawn by turning the hand wheel Q, this draws
down the lever Q2 by means of a trunnioned nut Q3: when P frees O² it hinges at 0³,
it is drawn back by the strap spring P2 and a slide is drawn into the space P³ that
prevents P from returning until 02 has driven back the slide: N Sheet I has a semi
partition N3, so that when desired after 02 has been opened N may be withdrawn
from b, it is also fitted at the top with the wheels shown (these have their spindles
supported vertically on springs) and cross bars that are clipped by A' as shown, and
by which N may be suspended.
At the bottom, N has the three projections N³ upon which N rests upon the wedge
slides R. shown, and also in plan at Fig. 4 Sheet 1, R are withdrawn simultaneously
after releasing A7 by rotating the wheel and drum S, each being connected by the
bevel wheels , stirrup couplings W and shafting shown. When withdrawn a weight
(not shown) is raised and serves to automatically reproject R by reversing S:
6 carry cogs on their peripheries and obtain their motion from a dynamo (by means
of a pinion or worm fixed upon its axle) the conductors for which are carried up A and
communication formed with N, so that band consequently N may be momentarily
arrested by breaking the current: it is arranged to work N of T and U together or
one up and one down as convenient.
f
The working is as follows:-N being upon f, 02 being thrust into place as
carries N into position at the bottom of T, and is secured by P, its (f's) dynamo
raises it bodily and slides N up 6 until the thread or spiral of O is caught by that
of 6 rotating, it is then drawn up by b, and side guides keep it from rotating, in its
progress its meets the arms Z, the blow is taken by the wheels on top of N: when
it reaches the top O rests upon b, it is kept in position by 63 and the guides, and
A secure it on top: the passengers alight: the dynamo upon L raises N clear of the
guides and 63 and then turns it round. L then runs it bodily to the top of U and
lowers it upon R just clear of 63, passengers enter N: R are withdrawn after
releasing A and gradually lowers N into the guides and over 63 and upon 6 and as
the spiral of the one enters the other N is drawn down, upon its arrival at the
bottom, the bottom of N rests upon H before O leaves the spiral of b, so that
when does leave it and passes into 62 there is no jerk when N meets f and when it
does the guides of A are cleared and those on N enter others on f: the passengers
then alight and O2 is loosened by turning Q and f takes N under, and is clipped
by A: N having been turned on top it only requires raising by A' being worked
by the dynamo on f as explained, but should it have been forgotten on top, it is
raised and turned by the same operation: when N is so raised fis run back to the
intermediate position, also dotted, and similarly lowers N again upon f and then
runs it to the bottom of T, and after 02 has passed 62 it is automatically closed
(by meeting a suitable projection) and made to embrace 62 and P again secures
it; passengers then enter N, fraises it and it goes up as before.
When great altitudes have to be reached is made a fixture, and O is slotted
and connected to N and provided with friction wheels, and rotates instead and is
driven by a dynamo upon N which receives its current through wheels working
on guides having an insulated cable attached it also works the traversers fand L
through similar gear to that described for f: O is also provided with a fly wheel
drum that acts 1st as a fly wheel 2nd as a friction drum around which a friction
break strap is fixed so that the angle of the spiral or screw of 6 may be used that
would allow N to descend by itself but may be held by the break at any point: at

page_text: certain heights up b where it is desirable to stop N or slacken it, suitable wedge
projections are fixed so as to cause the drum to come in contact with them (clear of
the break strap) and so gradually to put on the break after shutting off the power,
and also in case of one Ň overtaking another each N is to be similarly provided,
and thus allow the passengers or workmen, or any one else to raise N if desired
without fear of accident.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The use of screw shafting both rotating and fixed, for transporting vehicles
for passengers and materials substantially as described.
2nd. The means adopted for raising vertically, or diagonally, a cage or cages, by
means of laterally supported rotating spiral or screw shafting, working in a nut
fixed to the cages: and of transporting it or them horizontally as explained to
any distance, and lowering it or them by similar means that they were raised by:
and returning them horizontally to the point at which they were raised and so
completing the circuit: together with the means for securing the cages and nuts to,
and releasing them from the screw shafting: also the means of starting and
stopping such cages without sudden blows and when desired substantially as
described.
3rd. Also for the means adopted for obtaining the same desired ends for great
altitudes by having the screw shafting stationary, and the nut fixed to the cages
and rotated by motors carried by the cages: and the means adopted for
automatically stopping such cages at desired heights, or when one cage overtakes
another substantially as described.
Dated this 10th do of Babe 1800