Improvements in Fixing Screw Bolts, Hooks, Rings, and the like to Walls and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th May, 1899-Accepted, 5th Aug., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fixing Screw Bolts, Hooks, Rings, and the like
to Walls and the like.
I, WILLIAM HUMPHREY WHEATLEY, of the Firm of Wheatley & Mackenzie,
Engineers and Patent Agents, of 40, Chancery Lane, in the County of London,
England, do hereby declare the nature of this invention-a communication to me
from abroad by Warren Highlman Boles, Gentleman, of 307, Hickory Street,
Syracuse, in the State of New York, United States of America-and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement: --
This invention relates to that class of bolt-fasteners which are usually termed
expansion-bolts and are employed for securing a bolt in a socket formed in the
wall or other object to which the bolt is to be attached without passing com-
pletely through said object.
The invention consists in the combination of a tap-bolt formed with a cylin-
drical screw-threaded portion on the end inserted in the socket and with a head
on its outer end to prevent longitudinal movement of the bolt, the nut formed
with flexible stays extending toward the outer end of the bolt, and a smooth-
faced wedge surrounding the shank of the bolt and forced between the aforesaid
stays by the longitudinal travel imparted to the nut by the turning of the bolt
as hereinafter more fully described.
In the annexed drawings, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are longitudinal sections of my
invention shown in different stages of operation, Fig. 3 shows a preferred form
of my invention, Fig. 4 is a detached perspective view of the nut, and Figs. 5
and 6 show the bolt shaped for different purposes.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts-
a represents a tap-bolt, which is formed with a cylindrical screw-threaded
portion on the end entering the socket in the wall to which the bolt is to be
attached. The opposite or outer end of said bolt is provided with a head a¹ to
limit the longitudinal movement of the bolt in the aforesaid socket.
b denotes the nut which I provide with expansible tongues tt extending from
the nut toward the outer end of the bolt and formed with the nut in one piece
of malleable iron or other suitable metal affording flexibility to said tongues.
These tongues constitute stays for locking the nut in the socket formed in the
object to which the bolt is to be secured.
c is a smooth-faced wedge or expander which may be formed of a tube or
sleeve surrounding the shank of the bolt, but I prefer to form the expander of
an enlargement of the shank of the bolt, which enlargement is tapered to the
screw-threaded portion of the bolt as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings.
In either case however the end of the expander adjacent to the nut, is to be
beveled externally as shown at sufficiently to allow it to enter under the free
ends of the stays t which are beveled or tapered internally to form wedging sur-
faces as shown at t¹.
The described bolt with its nut and expander may be used for various pur-
poses, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrate the use for attaching a plate P to the face of
a wall. The operation of effecting said attachment is as follows; to wit;

page_text: First the requisite number of holes, each of nearly, or quite the same diameter
as the nut and the expander t, are to be drilled into the wall to form sockets d
for the reception of the required number of bolts with their nuts and expanders,
then a washer of the same thickness as the plate P is to be applied to one of the
bolts and the sleeve e slipped over the shank of the bolt and the nut 6 applied
to the screw-threaded end of the bolt, then the bolt with its said appurtenances
is forced into one of the sockets & so as to cause the head of the bolt to push the
washer onto the wall.
The bolt is then prevented from moving farther longitudinally by the head
thereof bearing on the washer.
In the operation of forcing the nut into the aforesaid socket, the normally
outward deflected tongues yield to lateral compression incident to their con-
tact with the sides of the socket d, and by said contact the nut is prevented from
turning then by turning the bolt so as to draw the nut toward the tapering end
of the expander, the latter enters under the tapering ends of the tongues it and
pries the same outward until they become firmly wedged or set in the walls of
the socket, and thereby effectually lock the nut therein, then the bolt is to be
unscrewed leaving the nut in the socket. This operation is carried on in each
of the sockets required for fastening the plate P which is provided with bolt-
holes corresponding to the sockets. This plate is then placed in its requisite
position over the sockets d, and the bolts a to be passed through the holes of the
plate and into the sockets & and screwed into the nuts until the plate is firmly
clamped onto the wall.
In order to allow the stays t to expand more readily and conform to the in-
terior of the socket d so as to obtain a long frictional bearing therein I form
the said stays with transverse grooves e adjacent to the nut proper.
The bolt a may be provided with either a hook h or an eye in lieu of the
head and thus used for different purposes. This latter form of bolt is illus-
trated in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings.
It will be observed that by forming the expansible tongues integral with the
nut I obtain a self-locking nut.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
1. The combination of a tap-bolt formed with a cylindrical screw-threaded
portion on the end inserted in the socket and with a head on its outer end to
prevent longitudinal movement of the bolt, the nut formed with flexible stays
extending toward the outer end of the bolt and a smooth-faced wedge surround-
ing the shank of the bolt and forced between the stays by longitudinal movement
of the nut as set forth.
2-A self-locking nut consisting of the nut proper formed with flexible tongues
extending vertically from one end of the nut in combination with a bolt working
in said nut and formed with a tapering enlargement back of the screw-threaded
portion by which enlargement the aforesaid tongues are expanded to lock the
nut as set forth.
3-The combination with the bolt, of a nut formed with expansible rearwardly
extending stays and with transverse grooves in said stays adjacent to the nut,
and an expander forced between the stays by the bolt working in the nut as set
forth and shown.
Data: 2011.
35
1000
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.