Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of the Founda- tions or Linings of the Detachable Covers or Treads of Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Oct., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 19th July, 1898-Accepted, 1st Oct., 1898
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of the Founda-
tions or Linings of the Detachable Covers or Treads of Pneumatic
Tyres for Wheels.
I, GEORGE CHARLES MOORE, of Cranston, Providence, Rhode Island, in the
United States of America, Elastic Webbing Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows::
This invention relates to the foundations or linings of the covers or treads of
detachable pneumatic tyres for wheels; and the object is to manufacture founda-
tions for the said covers or treads in endless form without a joint and of any
desired size, and (if preferred) to dispense with the necessity for the use of wire at
the edges to retain the cover in the rim.
My improved foundation or lining is made to the desired curve both as regards
its length and section, and hence it will not be distorted when forming the cover,
as the canvas foundation of which the ordinary tyre cover is made must be
distorted, where a circular rim of curved section is made from a strip.
In making my improved cover or tread I provide a suitable rotating frame,
annular or circular in shape and of suitable section, and I cause this frame to
rotate near a suitable yarn-guide or cop-carrier to which a reciprocating motion
is given to bring the yarn or thread first to one side of the said frame and then
to the other side thereof. This reciprocation is so regulated with regard to the
rotation of the frame that the traverse from side to side of the guide or cop holder
occupies a space of time equivalent to such a part of the revolution of the frame
as to make, say, four complete motions from side to side of the thread during either
a little more or a little less than the complete revolution of the frame, so that as
the latter rotates the succeeding turns of the thread as it is wound upon the frame
will be laid exactly side by side and will finally make a complete fabric circular
in form and curved in section.
The winding is preferably such that as the yarn goes diagonally from side to
side, the length of yarn from one point on the periphery past the edge of the
foundation to the next point on the periphery is somewhat longer than the
cord" between those points so that when inflation takes place each of these
lengths will have a tendency to be pulled tight and form a "cord." This action
will shorten each edge of the foundation and cause it to grip more tightly around
the rim of the wheel.
For this purpose the frame is preferably made with an annular rim projecting
at each side at a suitable distance from the periphery to serve as a fence for
making the edges of the foundation.
I prefer also to cause the yarn guide to follow the surface of the frame as
it reciprocates.
By this method of manufacture I make a foundation for a tyre cover or a tyre
tread with a curved section so that the edges will not require to be wired to retain
them in place (unless such wires are preferred) and the cover or tread is endless.

page_text: The yarn may be coated with adhesive rubber before winding on the frame or
the thread may be coated with rubber after winding.
If desired the rubber tread may be solutioned to the foundation thus formed or
it may be moulded thereto on the frame or on a special fraine.
The invention is applicable to the covers of pneumatic tubes or it may be
applied to the manufacture of split treads which are not to be provided with
inner tubes.
Natal thin 10th love of Databor 1807
Improvements in and Apparatus for the Manufacture of the Founda-
tions or Linings of the Detachable Covers or Treads of Pneumatic
Tyres for Wheels.
I, GEORGE CHARLES MOORE, late of Providence, Rhode Island, now of Main
Street, South Farms, Middletown, Connecticut, in the United States of America,
Elastic Webbing Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to the foundations or linings of the covers or treads "
of detachable pneumatic tyres for wheels; and the object of the invention is to
manufacture foundations for the said covers or "treads in an endless form,
without a joint, and of any desired size, and (if preferred) to dispense with the
necessity for the use of wire at the edges to retain the cover in the rim of the
wheel.
My improved foundation or lining is made to the desired curve both as regards
its length and section, and hence it will not be distorted when forming the cover,
as the canvas foundation, of which the ordinary cover is made must be distorted,
where a circular ring of curved section is made from a flat strip.
My improved method of manufacture and the construction of the apparatus
which I propose to employ for that purpose will be readily understood on reference
to the two sheets of drawings hereunto annexed and the following explanation
thereof.
On Sheet 1 of the drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 an end view and
Fig. 3 a plan view of my improved apparatus.
On Sheet 2 of the drawings Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrams illustrative of the novel
principle of manufacture.
In making my improved foundation or lining 1 provide a bed plate a provided
with suitable standards & supporting an axle c which carries a suitable rotating
frame or former" d which is annular or circular in shape and of suitable section,
and I cause this frame or "former" d to rotate near to a suitable yarn guide e
or cop carrier to which a reciprocating motion is given to bring the yarn or
thread first to one side of the said frame or former" d and then to the other
side thereof alternately. This reciprocation is so regulated with regard to the
rotation of the frame or "formerd, that the traverse of the yarn or thread
guide e from side to side of the "former" occupies a space of time equivalent to
such a part of the revolution of the frame or former d as to make, say, four com-
plete motions from side to side of the yarn or thread during either a little more

page_text: or a little less, than a complete revolution of the said "former," "So that as the
latter rotates the succeeding turns of the yarn or thread 'as it is wound upon the
former," will be laid exactly side by side and will finally make a complete fabric
annular in form and curved or arched in section.
66
The winding of the yarn or thread is preferably such (see diagram Fig. 4
Sheet; 2) that as the yarn or thread proceeds diagonally from side to side, the
length of yarn from one point A on the periphery past the edge of the founda-
tion at, B. to the next point C on the periphery is somewhat longer than the"
chord" of the arc between those two points shown by the dotted line A-0
so that when inflation takes place each of these lengths will have a tendency to
be pulled tight and form a chord." This action will shorten each edge of the
foundation and cause it to grip more tightly round the rim of the wheel.
**
This action is illustrated by the transverse sectional diagram (Fig. 5 Sheet 2)
the dark curve representing the arched form in which the foundation is laid by
the machine, and the thin (dotted) curved line the form, which it assumes in cross
section when inflated, the edges being contracted and drawn together by the
tightening of the yarns or threads.
"
For this purpose the frame or "former d is preferably made with an annular
rim projecting on each side at a suitable distance from the periphery to serve
as a "fence" for making the edges of the foundation, and I prefer also to make
the yarn or thread guide e follow the curved surface of the frame or
as it reciprocates.
66
<
former" d
By this method of manufacture I make a foundation for a tyre cover, or a tyre
tread," with a curved section so that the edges will not be required to be wired
to retain them in place (unless such wires are preferred) and the cover or tread
is endless.
The yarn or thread may be coated with adhesive rubber before winding it on
the frame or "former" d, or the thread may be coated with adhesive rubber
after winding.
"
If desired the rubber "tread to complete the cover may be "solutioned" to
the foundation thus formed, or it may be moulded thereto on the "former" d
or on a special frame and vulcanized in the usual manner.
This invention is applicable to the detachable covers of pneumatic tubes or
it may be applied to the manufacture of what are known as "split treads" which
are themselves to be inflated and not provided with inner tubes.
It will be evident that the particular apparatus to be employed to give rotation
of the "former" d and the corresponding reciprocating action (either curved or
otherwise) to the yarn or thread guide e necessary to the laying of the yarn
or thread in the manner described may be varied considerably without depart-
ing from the distinctive features of my invention but I have found that the
arrangement of mechanism shown on Sheet 1 of the drawings effects my object in
a simple and satisfactory manner.
The axle e of the "former" d is driven by the spur gearing g from, the main
driving shaft and the latter by other spur gearing i and bevil gearing k on a
countershaft gives rotation to the cam wheel m (see Fig. 3) a roller n at one end
of a lever o runs in the groove of this cam m, and the other end of this lever is
connected by a link to a sliding toothed rack 9 which gears into a toothed
wheel r on the axis of the guide e and thus gives a reciprocating curvilinear motion
to the said thread or yarn guide, as will be readily understood on reference to the
enlarged detached plan view Fig. 3^.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
"
First: The improvements in the manufacture of foundations or linings for the
detachable covers, or treads" of pneumatic tyres for wheels, by winding yarns
or threads (by means of a reciprocating thread guide) spirally round a revolving
'

page_text: annular or circular "former" so as to form an endless fabric of an arched or
curved cross section without weaving, substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the diagrams on Sheet 2 of the annexed drawings,
and
Secondly I claim the arrangement of mechanism for such purpose consisting
chiefly of a revolving annular or circular "former" of a curved cross section in
combination with a reciprocating thread or yarn guide constructed and
operating substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by Sheet 1 of
the annexed drawings.
1
1000
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
Agents for the Applicant, 4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.