CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING PAPER
Year: 1830

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LEWIS
AUBREY, of Two Waters, in the County of Herts, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the First day of November, in the first year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs, and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Lewis Aubrey, His especial licence, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said Lewis Aubrey, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Lewis Aubrey, my exors, adññors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTING PAPER;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Lewis Aubrey, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Lewis Aubrey, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into effect,

page_text: thereof, referenco being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
figures and letters marked thereon (that is to say):―
My Invention consists in cutting paper into sheets by means of the
improvements hereafter described.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Fig. 1 represents a front view of the machinery constructed according to my
improvements; Figs. 2 and 3 are end views of the same; and Fig. 4 is a
plan of the machinery, in all of which Figures the same letters indicate similar
parts; A being a large cylinder, having knives or cutters B affixed on the
circumference in a line or parallel with the axis C; the distance these knives
or cutters B are set from each other will determine the length of the sheets
of paper; the
paper being cut into sheets by the cutters B, as they are brought
into action by the revolution of the cylinder A; but in order to accommodate
these knives to the various sizes of paper, I have constructed the cylinder
A in such manner that a greater or less number of knives may bo set on
the outer surface, and at a greater or less distance from each other as may be
required to suit the size of the paper which at any time it is intended to cut.
C is the axis of the cylinder A; D is a circular ring of metal, which is carried
by the spokes of the wheel. In this piece of metal D there are chase mortices
E, whereby the arms F which carry the knives or cutters may be brought
nearer to or further from each other. The Drawing represents the cylinder as
having the knives or cutters carried by the arms F at each ond of the cylinder.
The arms F are affixed to the circular metal ring D by means of the metal
straps or eye bolts G, and through which they are made to slide when it is
required to adjust them, but they are held fast by the screw nuts when they
are adjusted. The spaces between the knives or cutters are filled up by the
boarding H, which is curved to suit the circle or to make up the cylinder A; and
it will be desirable that sets of curved pieces of boarding according to the size
of the paper to be cut should be kept, so that when the distance of the knives
or cutters is to be altered, all that will be necessary will be to adjust the arms
F, and then place between them a curved board of the proper width, and
which will be held fast between the two arms F by the heads and nuts of the
bolts which screw the cutters to the arms, as is shewn in the Drawing. 1 is a
toothed pinion placed on the shaft or axis a, having its bearings on parts of the
framing K, which parts of the framing K are affixed to and supported by the
screws L at each end of the machine; these screws L are for the purpose of
raising and lowering the various parts attached thereto to accommodate them

page_text: to the variations of the size of the cylinder A. M is a toothed wheel which is
driven by the pinion I; this wheel M has its bearing affixed to the moveable
part N, which is affixed by a hinge joint to the framing which carries tho
machine; the wheel M is affixed to the axis of the roller O, which is covered
with felting. The bearings which carry the axis of this roller O being affixed
to the moveable parts N at each end of the machine, and these parts N
having mortices cut in them, the bearings which carry the axes are enabled
to slide along such mortices, and are affixed in any position by screw nuts,
whereby this roller O is always kept against the surface of the cylinder A.
On the axes of the roller O there are pulleys P and Q for the purpose
hereafter described. R is a cylindrical bar, which forms the axis of the
circular saw or saws S. On this axis R is a pulley T, which receives motion
from the pulley V by a gut band; U, U, are rollers, having their bearings
on the framing W, which is affixed to the framing which carries the machine.
The axis R of the saw S has its bearings affixed to the part W of the framing.
X, X, are bent pieces of metal, having slits therein to admit the edge of the
saws S, and are for the purpose of supporting the paper whilst the circular saw
is cutting it; these supports ✗ are attached to the rods or bars Y, but per-
mitted to slide along the same when required to adjust the width of the paper,
and are kept fast to the rods or bars Y by adjusting screws. U, U, are two
rollers, which draw the paper from the reel; and Z is another roller covered
with felt, which is made to turn so that the paper is kept tightly over the knives
or cutters B. The drawing roller U is driven by a gut band from the pulley P,
as shown in the Drawing in Fig. 2 by dotted lines, and the roller Z is driven
by the gut band from the pulley Q, affixed on the axis of the roller O. The
shaft a is the driving shaft, it receiving motion by the winch handle; b, c, d,
are two bevelled toothed wheels, which drive the two bevelled pinions e, f ;
the bearings of the axes which carry these pinions e, f, are affixed to the
framings K, which are supported by the adjusting screws L, as before described.
On the end of the axes which carry the pinions e, f, there are two toothed
wheels 59, 9, affixed, the teeth of which wheels g, g, take into and drive the
endless chain h, and to this chain h what I call the roller carriage i is attached;
this carriage is shewn separately on a larger scale in Fig. 5, whereby its
construction will be readily seen, and the use of this roller carriage will be
more fully described hereafter. j, k are two levers attached to the bent rods
1, m; the levers j, k, have their fulcra at j, k, as represented in the Drawing;
n, n, are two mortices formed on the rods l, m, and by means of guide pins are
kept in their proper places; the object of these rods l, m, is to throw the clutch
boxes or catches O into and out of geer. p, p, are two bent levers suspended

page_text: by pins at 7, 7, these levers p, p, are acted upon by the stops r, r, affixed to
the sides of the cylinder A; 8, 8, are two springs aflixed in bearings t, t, at
cach end of the machine; these bearings t, t, are affixed to the framing of the
machine, and have mortices cut into them, to allow of the springs s, s, being
raised or lowered to accomodate them to the size of the cylinder A; these
springs 8, 8, are for the purpose of taking into the catches or stops v affixed to
the sides of the cylinder, as represented in the Drawing. u is a projecting
piece of metal affixed to one of the springs s at each end of the machine; is
the guide bar to guide the roller carriage, having at each end a hole drilled,
which slide on cylindrical parts at the tops of the adjusting screws L, and
above them are springs which press upon this bar a, and regulate the pressure
of the roller carriage on the cutters B; these springs are placed under the
nuts at the top of the screws L, and according as these nuts are screwed down
will be the pressure on the guido bar.
Having now described the various parts represented in the Drawing, I will
describe the manner of their action, in doing which I will suppose that paper
is being drawn from a reel by the rollers U, U. Motion being given to the
winch bandlo will turn the pinion I, which will give motion to the wheel M
and the roller O, and by the roller O pressing upon the cylinder A, the
cylinder will be caused to turn in an opposite direction, and by the pulley
V affixed on the shaft a, and the gut band therefrom to the pulley T on tho
shaft or axis R, the saw or saws S are made to revolve quickly, which cuts
the paper longitudinally, and according to the number of saws used will be
the number of widths into which the paper will be cut, which is passing
through the machine. The wheel M is affixed to the axis of the roller O by
means of two binding collars, which are made to press against the nave of
such wheel sufficiently to cause the roller O to turn, and with it the cylinder
A, but when the cylinder A is stopped by the springs taking into one of the
stops, then the wheel M will turn on the axis of the roller O without turning
such roller. At the time of the springs s at either end of the machine taking
into a stop v, a stop r comes in contract with the lever p, which will by means
of the lever j, and the bent rod 1, put the clutch box o at one end of the
machine into geer, which is the position represented in the Drawing, and the
continued motion of the winch handle will cause the shaft a to give motion to
the bevelled wheel d, which will turn the pinion f and the wheels g, g, which
wheels g, g, by their teeth, will drive the endless chain h, and the roller
carriage being attached to this chain h, it will be drawn across the machino
from one side to the other, the rollers running on the edge of one of the knives
or cutters B, which will cut the paper crosswise into lengths according to the

page_text: distance at which these knives or cutters B are set apart on the surface of the
cylinder A. The drawing across of the roller carriage from side to side will
bring it in contact with the lever ; and the part on the spring S, by which
means the cylinder will be set at liberty, and the clutch box o will be put out
of
geer, and then by the continued motion of the winch handle I, and by the
revolution of the roller O, will cause the cylinder A to revolve, till it again
arises at another set of stops; which will be on the opposite end of the cylinder,
and then, by means of the lever and the bent rod m, the opposite clutch box
o will be put into geer, which will thus cause the bevelled wheel and pinion
c, e, to draw the roller carriage i again across the machine. Note.―The
catches or stops are placed alternately on the ends of the cylinder A, as
represented in the Drawing. The object of this is, that as the roller carriage i
(when it comes across the machine) strikes against the part u, and relieves
the cylinder, it would also keep the springs s from taking into the next stop
if it were placed on the same end of the cylinder; but by placing the springs s
at each end of the machine, and the stops alternately on the ends of the
cylinder A, the cylinder will always be stopped by the springs S, which are
at the opposite side to which the roller carriage i is at. In case of an odd
number of knives or cutters being placed on the surface of the cylinder A, then
it will be necessary to place an extra set of stops on the end which has the
smaller number, by which means the roller carriage i will traverse across the
machino without making a cut, and thus the roller carriage i will always be in
position to cross over whenever a knife or cutter B is stopped in position.
Note. It is evident that when paper is to be cut always into one size sheets,
then a fixed cylinder may be made, with a knife or knives or cutters affixed
on the surface.
Having now described the various parts represented in the Drawing, and
the manner of their action, I would have it understood that I lay no claim to
the various parts separately, but what I claim is,-First, the constructing of a
cylinder similar to that represented in the Drawing, having knives or cutters
set on the surface thereof, as above described, when acted on by a traversing
carriage, as above described, and used for the purpose of cutting paper.
Secondly, I claim the application of a circular saw or saws to the cutting
of paper.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lewis Aubrey, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of April, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-one
LEWIS (Ls.) AUBREY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirtieth day of April, in the
year of our Lord 1881, the aforesaid Lewis Aubrey came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirtieth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-one.