Improvements in and relating to Elastic or Pneumatic Tyres of Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 6th May, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 12th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Elastic or Pneumatic Tyres of
Vehicles.
I, WILLIAM MENZIES, of Danellen Villa, West Ferry, Broughty Ferry, in
the County of Forfar, Scotland, Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the tyres of vehicles, the object being
to provide a tyre which shall be resilient, safe, light, inexpensive, and having the
greatest possible elasticity with the least possible quantity of rubber.
In carrying out my invention I attach to the rim of the wheel in any suitable;
known way, a piece or pieces of solid cork in such a manner that they form a ring.
The tread of such cork ring is protected by a circumferential ring of india rubber,
or other suitable elastic material. The cross-section of the cork rim may be of
any suitable section, the rubber tread being moulded to suit.
In some cases I bore a series of holes into or through the cork, the axes of such
holes preferably radiating from the centre of the wheel, and fill, or even rather
more than fill such holes with rubber, the tread being fixed to such rubber as well
as to the cork.
Sometimes I make the rubber tread hollow, and I may inflate it with air in the
known way, and fix it to the cork or the rim.
I may also make the tyre compound, that is to say it may be formed of concentric
rings of cork and rubber fastened together and to the rim.
Dated this 5th day of Mar 1896.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41 Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Elastic or Pneumatic Tyres of
Vehicles.
I, WILLIAM MENZIES, of Danellen Villa, West Ferry, Broughty Ferry, in
the County of Forfar, Scotland, Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the tyres of vehicles, the object being
to provide a tyre which shall be resilient, safe, light, inexpensive, and having the
greatest possible elasticity with the least possible quantity of rubber.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing and carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings in which the same reference numerals
are used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown,
Figures 1. 1 2. 3. and 4. are each half cross-sections of tyres made in accordance
with my invention.

page_text: Figure 5. is a cross-section of a tyre suitable for heavy vehicles, and Figure 6.
is a cross-section of another modification of a tyre used for a similar purpose..
In carrying out my invention I attach to the rim 10. of the wheel in any suitable
known way, a piece or pieces of solid cork 11, in such a manner that they form a
ring. The tread of such cork ring is protected by a circumferential ring 12. of
india-rubber and canvas 15. or with any other suitable elastic material. The
cross-section of the cork rim may be of any suitable section, the rubber tread
being moulded to suit.
In some cases I bore a series of holes 13. into or through the cork, the axes of
such holes preferably radiating from the centre of the wheel, and fill, or even
rather more than fill such holes with rubber, the tread being fixed to such rubber
as well as the cork.
Sometimes I make the rubber tread hollow, and I may inflate it with air in the
known way and fix it to the cork or the rim.
I may also make the tyre compound, that is to say it may be formed of concentric
rings of cork 11. and rubber 14. fastened together and to the rim.
All
In the modification illustrated by Figure 1. a canvas band 15. is cemented to the
rim 10. of the wheel. It is further secured by means of two wire bands 16. which
completely encircle it, those wire bands being coupled together to form a ring io
any suitable known way. Segments of cork 11. are then made of the section
shown and have placed between them a solid or hollow ring of rubber 14.
these are cemented and solutioned together and to the canvas, such canvas
overlapping at 17. An endless tube or tubes 18. of rubber is then fitted and
fixed into its circumferential recess. The whole is then covered by the ring of
rubber 12. which is solutioned to the canvas 15. The modification illustrated by
Figure 1 is like that illustrated in Figure 1. except that the cross-section of the
tube 18. is flatter. The modification illustrated by Figure 2. is also similar to
that shown in Figure 1. except that the cover is provided with two fixing bands
of wire 19.
In Figure 3. there is no intermediate band of rubber 14. the core consisting
simply of solid cork 11. The cover 12. is moulded solid or hollow as may be
desired and it is solutioned to the canvas 15. Where the canvas is exposed to the
atmosphere it is covered with a waterproof paint or mixture. Figure 3, shows the
cover 12. terminating in a bend at A. while Figure 4. shows it gradually tapering
off at B.
In the modification illustrated in Figure 5. say three ply of canvas 15. is fixed to
the rim 10. by means of cement or solution and a metal or wooden band 20. which
is attached to the rim by the screws or bolts 21. The cork core 11. is shaped to
the section shown, it being then attached in position by means of the canvas 15. as
previously explained. In order that there may be no unsightly ridge where the
canvas overlaps, the two inner plies are shorter, that is to say at 17. only one piece
of canvas overlaps. The cover is fixed to the canvas in the usual way and it is
further secured by rubber bolts 22. These bolts are hollow, having a core 23. of
rectangular section through them.
In screwing such bolts into position a metal key, of the same section as the
core 23. is pushed into such hole and by turning it, the bolt is kept so rigid that
it can be readily turned also. If desired the screwed portion of the bolt may be
dipped into solution before screwing it into place and thus it may be more securely
fixed.
In the modification illustrated by Figure 6. the canvas 15. is fixed to the rim by
a metal or wooden band or bands 20. such bands being riveted to the rim 10. by
means of rivets 24. The compound core 11. 14. is then fixed in position as previously
explained. The cover 12. in this modification has the bolts 22. screwed into it or
moulded along with it, and such cover may be in sections. The bolts are then
secured by the nuts 25. Such cover is additionally secured by means of metal
segments 26. which are contained in channels of canvas incorporated with the
cover and secured to the rim by rivets or bolts 27. The sides of the said rim 10.

page_text: may be of any suitable depth for the double purpose of protecting the sides of the
tyre and minimizing lateral roll.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be
understood that I am aware that cork in combination with rubber and metal
bands in combination with canvas have been previously used for tyres, and I lay
no claim at large to such construction, but I declare that what
(1.) In tyres for vehicles, the combination and arrangement of parts consisting
of the rim 10, cork 11, cover 12, rubber 14, canvas 15, wire bands 16, and rubber 18,
substantially as described and illustrated by Figures 1. and 1ª.
(2.) In tyres for vehicles, the combination and arrangement of parts consisting
of the rim 10, cork 11, cover 12, rubber 14, canvas 15, wire bands 16. and 19,
substantially as described and illustrated by Figure 2.
(3.) In tyres for vehicles, the combination and arrangement of parts consisting
of the rim 10, cork 11, cover 12, canvas 15, and wire bands 16, substantially as
described and illustrated by Figures 3. and 4.
(4.) In tyres for vehicles, the combination and arrangement of parts consisting
of the rim 10, cork 11, cover 12, canvas 15, band 20, screws or bolts 21, and rubber
bolts 22, substantially as described and illustrated by Figure 5.
(5.) In tyres for vehicles, the combination and arrangement of parts consisting
of the rim 10, cork 11, cover 12, rubber 14, canvas 15, bands 20, bolts 22, rivets 24,
nuts 25, metal segments 26, and rivets or bolts 27, substantially as described and
illustrated by Figure 6.
Dated this 8th day of October 1896.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41 Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.