IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR HEATING KILNS AND OVENS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY AND EARTHENWARE, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO FURNACES GENERALLY
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Victor Mourot, of No. 43, Rue de Paradis Poissonnière,
Paris, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR
HEATING KILNS AND OVENS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY AND
EARTHENWARE, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
FURNACES GENERALLY."
Sealed the 12th March 1858, and dated the 29th December 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Victor Mourot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
December 1857.
..I, VICTOR MOUROT, of No. 43, Rue de Paradis Poissonnière, Paris, Merchant,
do, hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUL-
NACES FOR HEATING KILNS AND OVENS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY AND
EARTHENWARE, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO FURNACES
GENERALLY," to be as follows:-
The improvements in furnaces for heating kilns and ovens used in the
manufacture of pottery, and earthenware consists in constructing such furnaces
so that they can be fed with fuel from the bottom upwards. For this purpose,
although other forms of furnaces may be used, I prefer to employ a furnace
having a portion. of its grate capable of rising up and down in a frame, and
the frame in which the moveable portion of the grate slides so arranged that
a truck containing coals or other fuel can be wheeled: beneath it, the bottom

page_text: of the truck being moveable and constructed of fire bars, and of the right size
to fit within the frame, so that when the fire requires fresh fuel, a truck
containing coals or other fuel may be wheeled underneath the frame, and the
moveable portion of the grate withdrawn horizontally out of the frame, so that
the heated coals or fuel that before rested on it rest on the top of the coals or
fuel in the truck; the bottom of the truck is then lifted up by means of a lever
or otherwise into the position of the moveable portion of the grate which was
removed, and is held there by means of a catch; the truck may then be
removed and refilled, and the same operation repeated when necessary.
This method of arranging furnaces so that they may be fed upwards from
the bottom out of a truck as above described, besides being applicable to this
class of furnaces, is also applicable to furnaces generally.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Victor Mourot in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th June 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, VICTOR
MOUROT, of No. 43, Rue des Paradis Poissonnière, Paris, Merchant, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Victor Mourot, Her special licence, that I, the said Victor
Mourot, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Victor Mourot, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention: for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR HEATING KILNS AND OVENS USED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF POTTERY AND EARTHENWARE, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO FURNACES GENERALLY," upon the condition (amongst others) that
1, the said Victor Mourot, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the

page_text: Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Victor Mourot, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner, the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The improvements in furnaces for heating kilns and ovens used in the
mánufacture of pottery and earthenware consists in constructing such furnaces
so that they can be fed with fuel from the bottom upwards. For this purpose,
although other forms of furnaces may be used, I prefer to employ a furnace
having a portion of its grate capable of rising up and down in a frame, and
the frame in which the moveable portion of the grate slides so arranged that
a truck containing coals or other fuel can be wheeled beneath it, the bottom
of the truck being moveable and constructed of fire-bars, and of the right size
to fit within the frame, so that when the fire requires fresh fuel, a truck
containing coals or other fuel may be wheeled underneath the frame, and the
moveable portion of the grate withdrawn horizontally out of the frame, so that
the heated coals or fuel that before rested on it rest on the top of the coals
or fuel in the truck; the bottom of the truck is then lifted up by means of 'a
lever or otherwise into the position of the moveable portion of the grate which
was removed, and is held there by means of a catch; the truck may then be
removed and refilled, and the same operation repeated when necessary. This
method of arranging furnaces so that they may be fed upwards from the
bottom out of a truck as above described, besides being applicable to this class
of furnaces, is also applicable to furnaces generally.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I will proceed more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a vertical section of a circular kiln for burning porcelain,
heated by a number of furnaces constructed so that they can be fed with fuel
from the bottom upwards; Figure 2 shews a transverse section of the same,
taken through the line A, B, Figure 1; Figures 3 and 4, (Sheet 2,) shew
vertical sections of an oven or muffle for burning, gilding, and painting on
porcelain heated by furnaces of the same construction as the furnaces which
heat the circular kiln; Figure 5 shows a transverse section of the same,
taken through the line A: B. Figure 3: Figures 6 and 7 are vertical sections

page_text: In each of the furnaces a, a, are the fixed bars of the grate, in the centre
of which there is a frame b; in this frame the moveable part of the grate c
slides. The moveable part of the grate c is supported by means of catches d, e,
hinged to the exterior of the front and back of the frame b, which support pro-
jections c', formed on the moveable part of the grate; the projections passing
through slots in the frame b. The front of the frame 6 is formed so as to permit
a truck d*, shewn separately at Figure 9, Sheet 1, to be wheeled beneath
the frame; the wheels e* of the truck running on the rails or plates f. The
bottom of the truck d* is moveable, and constructed of fire-bars, and is of the
same size and construction as the moveable part of the grate c. To the bottom
of the truck d*, are connected the forks of a forked lever g; and on this lever
there are axles g'. When the fire requires fresh fuel, a' truck d*, containing
coals or other fuel, is wheeled underneath the frame b, the moveable portion of
the grate c is then withdrawn horizontally from the front of the furnace out of
the frame, so that the heated coals or other fuel which before rested on it rest
on the top of the coals in the truck d*; the truck d* is then raised by means
of the lever g (the axles g¹ of which then rest and turn on the supports h on
the sides of the furnace), until the catches d, e, support the projections c¹ on
the bottom of the truck; the truck is then lowered and withdrawn from
beneath the frame. In the sides of the frame b there are openings i, i, to
diminish the friction on the truck when the truck is lifted, and to allow small
pieces of coal or other fuel which may fall from the truck or the furnace to
escape. The moveable portion of the grate which was previously withdrawn
from the furnace is then placed in the bottom of the truck, and the truck is
again filled with coal or other fuel. When the fire requires fresh fuel the
same operation is repeated. k, k, are supports placed at the ends of the rails
in which the axles g' of the lever g rest when the truck d* is being filled
with coal or other fuel, and is a door in front of the furnace, through which
the fire can be lighted. The method of arranging furnaces so that they can
be fed with fuel from the bottom upwards out of a truck as above described,
besides being applicable to this class of furnaces, is also applicable to furnaces
generally.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim
is,
First, the so constructing the furnaces of kilns and ovens used in the manu-
facture of pottery and earthenware that they may be fed with fuel from the
bottom upwards.

page_text: And, secondly, the constructing furnaces generally so that they can be fed
with fuel from the bottom upwards out of a truck, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Victor Mourot, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
A. BRISSON.
VICTOR MOUROT. (L.B.)