Improved Liquid Compound for Dyeing Purposes.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 1898-Accepted, 17th Dec., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Liquid Compound for Dyeing Purposes.
I, JAMES GARDNER, F.C.S., of Rhodes, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Technical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows;-
This invention is designed to provide a liquid dyeing compound for domestic
purposes which can be employed for dyeing textile fabrics.
It consists essentially of an alkaline sulpholeate, a colour or dye dissolved in
alcohol, glycerine or other solvent, and a mordant suitable for fixing the particular
dye or colour.
In carrying out the invention I prepare a sulphonated fatty acid by treating
olive, castor or other oil with sulphuric acid.
The sulphonated oil is neutralised with caustic soda, potash, ammonia or a
mixture of these alkalies.
To one portion of the sulpholeate thus produced is added a substantive dye dis-
solved in a minimum quantity of a solvent such as alcohol, glycerine, or water.
To the other portion of the sulpholeate is added a mordant such as sulphate of
soda, phosphate of soda, acetate ammonia, common salt or other suitable mordant
dissolved in a minimum of water or other solvent.
The two mixtures are mixed together in a cold state, the second being preferably
added very slowly and gradually to the first, whilst being agitated or vigorously
stirred. The colouring matter is thereby thrown out of solution in an extremely
fine state of division and is held in the mixed compounds decomposition being thus
prevented.
:
Sulpholeate soda.
Colour in solution.
Sulpholeate soda.
Mordant it solution. }
For use the compound is dissolved in hot water to prepare the dye bath and the
fabric is simply worked in it until sufficiently dyed.
The sulphonated fatty acid of the compound fixes itself by affinity in the fibres
and having also an affinity for the colouring matter, it serves not only to give a
smooth soft finish and lustre to the fabric, but also serves as an additional mordant.
Doted this 31st day of January 1898.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Liquid Compound for Dyeing Purposes.
I, JAMES GARDNER, F.C.S., of Rhodes, near Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Technical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed to provide a liquid dyeing compound for domestic
purposes which can be employed for dyeing textile fabrics.
It consists essentially of an alkaline sulpholeate, a colour or dye dissolved in
glycerine or other suitable solvent, and a mordant suitable for fixing the particular
dye or colour.
In carrying out the invention I prepare a sulphonated fatty acid by treating
olive, castor or other suitable oil with sulphuric acid.
This may be prepared in the following manner:
To 6 gallons of castor oil I slowly add 1 gallon of sulphuric acid of a density
of 168 degrees Twaddle. This is allowed to stand for from 12 to 24 hours and is
then twice washed with a solution of common salt in water and finally with pure
water. The sulphonated oil is skimmed off and is neutralized or partially
neutralized with caustic soda caustic potash or ammonia or with a mixture of these
alkalies.
To a portion, (say about one half) of the sulpholeate thus produced is added a
quantity of an aniline dye dissolved in a minimum quantity of a solvent such as
glycerine or water. The amount of dye will be according to the depth of colour
or shade desired to be produced.
To the other portion of the sulpholeate is added a mordant such as sulphate of
soda, phosphate of soda, acetate ammonia, acetate of soda, common salt or other
suitable mordant dissolved in a minimum of water or other solvent, the quantity
of mordant being equivalent to the amount of dye previously added.
The two mixtures are mixed together in a cold state, the second being preferably
added very slowly and gradually to the first, whilst being agitated or vigorously
stirred. The colouring matter is thereby thrown out of solution in an extremely
fine state of division and is held in suspension in the mixed compounds decom-
position being thus prevented.
Sulpholeate of soda.
Dye or colour in solution.
Sulpholeate of soda.
Mordant in solution.
}
}
The compound in a liquid state is packed or put up in bottles, jars or the like
to be employed for domestic purposes.
For use any desired quantity of the liquid compound is dissolved in hot water to
prepare the dye bath and the fabric is simply worked in it until sufficiently dyed.
If found desirable an additional mordant may be added to the dye bath which can
be prepared and packed separately.
The sulphonated fatty acid of the compound fixes itself by affinity in the fibres
and having also an affinity for the colouring matter, it serves not only to give a
ameath raft fuick and luotua da

page_text: sulpholeate, a solution of an aniline dye and a solution of mordant therefor sub-
stantially as described.
2. A liquid compound for dyeing purposes prepared substantially as described.
OSAL
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool & London, Patent Agents.