Improvements in or relating to Machines for Manufacturing Bottles Flagons and other Articles of Blown Glass
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Dec., 1898-Accept -d, 25th Feb., 1899
66
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Manufacturing
Bottles Flagons and other Articles of Blown Glass"
(A communication from CLAUDE BOUCHER AINÉ, of Cognac (Charente) in the
Republic of France,)
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111 Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to improvements in machines of the kind described in the
Specification No. 14258 of 1897. for manufacturing bottles, flagons and other articles
of blown glass, whereby various kinds of bottles flagons jars and other articles of
blown glass may be manufactured mechanically without the employment of special
workinen, whereas hitherto these articles had to be manufactured by skilled workmen
by wellknown processes. The machine not only enables the bottles to have a regular
shape and the desired strength, but also imparts to them a rocking motion during
blowing in the finishing mould, in order to prevent the formation of longitudinal
seams along the line lines of joint of the moulds when the glass penetrates into
said joint.
The improved machine is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which,
Figure 1 is a plan view of the frame:
Figure 2 a side elevation on the line C-D showing the measuring mould during
the compression of the glass:
Figure 3 is a side elevation on the line C-D showing the mould a open, in order
to enable the mould for the mass or ball bulb of glass to be introduced:
Figure 4 is a general arrangement in front view on the line A-B (Figure 1):
Figure 5 is a side elevation on the line E-F showing the finishing mould open
and the piercing apparatus:
Figure 6 is a view of a tub or holder for receiving water bottles or articles with
flat or concave bottom :
Figure 7 shows a holder for recessed bottles with recessed bottoms.
Figure 8 is a vertical section, half size, of the mould 20 for forming the neck
showing the rod 27 arranged in the position which it has at the moment when the
glass is emptied into the measuring mould.
Figure 9 is a view of the mould b, for-glass-balls provided with a handle for gluss
bulbs.
Figure 10 shows an intermediate mould b, opening longitudinally from the
bottom to top for imparting the final shape to the glass bulb ball.
Figure 11 shows an intermediate mould b for forming the complete glass bulb hall
and consisting of a bottom holder and two shoulders hinged upper parts.

page_text: Figure 12 shows a complete inould for the glass but aн with a device for
mechanically opening it.
Figure 13 is a front view of the machine and of the finishing mould arranged so
as to give the bottle a rocking motion during blowing, and
Figure 14 is a side elevation of the same machine, the mould 34 being open, and
the lower part lowered on to the frame.
A machine will now be described for manufacturing bottles or articles which, on
account of their having to be provided with inscriptions or an account of their
shape are blown without motion into the finishing mould without a rocking
movement being given to them (Figs. 1 to 5)
In order properly to work the glass and to obtain the same good result as
obtained by workmen according to the usual methods there is used:
1. A first measuring mould a receiving the quantity of glass necessary for the
manufacture of a bottle or other article.
2. A second interinediate mould b to obtain a glass ball bulb similar to that
obtained by the workmen rolling glass on the marver in a block.
3. A finishing mould c for imparting the final shape to the bottle or to the article
to be manufactured.
Owing to the intermediate mould 6 this combination enables remarkably beautiful
products to be obtained and the output to be considerably increased. The reasons
for this are as follows:
When only two moulds are used in manufacturing bottles, a uniform distribution
of glass can very seldom be obtained. Faulty or very thin parts are produced
especially on the sides of fairly long bottles when the rough bottle is elongated in
order to remove the asperities produced by emptying pouring the glass into the
first mould. It is also very difficult to obtain a proper distribution of glass at the
edge of the neck of the bottle and at the bottom. The reason of this is the want of
homogeneity of the mass of glass forming the rough bottle taken out from the first
mould. In fact at the moment when the glass is emptied poured into the first mould,
the portion forming the neck and shoulders is longer in contact with the mould than
the glass introduced afterwards. Further, when the mould is opened the rough bottle
is more hardened at the shoulder than at the other parts, and the glass expands
irregularly. Moreover the glass inside which has not become solidified by contact
with the mould like the glass on the surface flows to the bottom of the rough bottle,
and this cannot be avoided even by supporting it during its elongation by the bottom
of the finishing mould or by any other support. By causing the glass to pass from
the rough mould into the finishing mould a rough bottle is obtained, the temperature
and the malleability plasticity of which are irregular whereby it becomes impossible
to give a uniform thickness to the walls and bottom of the bottle. In order to
do away with these difficulties of manufacture an intermediate mould is used
according to this invention in which is blown the rough bottle removed from the
first mould. In this way the glass is uniformly solidified at the base and at the sides
and a rough bottle is obtained analogous to that made by workmen in the usual
processes.
This intermediate mould Figs. 2, 3 and 4 may be operated not only by the
mechanism illustrated but also by-levers, reds, rollers,-or-other suitable-parts-or
even it may be introduced by hand by providing it with a handle Fig. 9.
For the manufacture of small articles the mould is preferably manipulated by hand,
as it is very light.
By enabling an oval shape to be given to the glass and by enabling it at the same
time to be sufficiently solidified at the base, in the place where the glass, which
is still very nearly liquid has a tendency to escape the mould consisting of a simple
hollow vessel Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 9 enables the quality of the products to be considerably
improved and the output increased. But for the manufacture of certain bottles and
of a large number of articles it is better to use an intermediate mould b, completely
forming the article by blowing.
This mould opens longitudinally, Fig. 10, or consists of a hollow-vessel bottom,

page_text: and two shoulders upper parts, Fig. 11, operated by rods and levers Fig. 12 or in-any
suitable-manner.
When the glass disengaged from the mould a has been enclosed in the mould b
Figs. 10 and 11, a certain quantity of compressed air is admitted which forces the
glass against the walls of the mould, thus always producing the same shape. Since
the quality of the bottles or other article chiefly depends on the glass, it will be
seen that the mould 6 plays the chief part on the mechanical manufacture of bottles
or articles of blown glass. Finally according to the composition of the glass, or the
volume of bottles or articles to be manufactured it is sometimes advisable to use
several intermediate moulds in order to more rapidly solidify the glass and gradually
to add to the glass before its introduction into the finishing mould. This means
avoids too a sudden change in dimensions from those of the glass going out from
the mould b and those of the article to be manufactured, and enables a good
distribution of glass to be obtained, even for very large articles. such-as-condensing
tubes:
In order to rock or partially rotate back and forth the bottle during its moulding in
the finishing mould under the action of compressed air, the following device is employed,
the lower portion of the mould is movable on the disc 49 (Fig 14) so that a rocking
motion may be easily imparted to it by the handle 46. The two sides 34, completing
the mould by fitting at the bottom on the part 35 (Fig. 14) and at the top
against the neck mould 20 (Fig. 4 and 13) are fixed. This mould 20 and its casing
freely rotate in the support 22. A rod 45 is secured to the casing of the mould 20
and the part 35 carries a fork
raised in order to adjust it
Fig. 13.
44 engaging with the rod 45
under the sides 34, in the
when the part 35 is
position shown in
The glass bulb being enclosed by means of this device in the lower mould 35, the
sides 34 are brought nearer together so as to come against the lower mould and
under the mould 20 then a reciprocating motion is imparted to the lower mould by
the handle 46 (Fig. 14) and continued until the blowing of the bottle is completed.
The rod 45 of the neck forming mould engages with the fork 44 of the mould 35 and
thus the lower mould and the neck mould are secured together and move together at
the same speed causing the bottle to participate in their movement and rotating or
rocking it in the sides 34, without allowing the glass to penetrate into the joints.
In order to enable the bottle to move more easily in the sides 34 it is advisable to
lubricate them with some greasy substance or to cover them with carbonaceous sub-
stances and to provide them with grooves which reduce the surface of friction and
facilitate the expulsion of air.
The description of the moulds and parts comprising the machine and their working
is as follows:-
a is the measuring mould adapted to receive the quantity of glass required for
manufacturing the article desired in this case a bottle. It is terminated by a collar
joining the neck mould 20, the inlet can be closed, when desired, by a bottom 15,
pivotted on a hinge 16. This bottom 15 is held for closing the mould a by means of
a projection 18 (Fig. 3) engaging with a corresponding hole 19 (Fig. 2). 17 is the
handle of the bottom 15. The two parts of the mould a can be connected by the pro-
jection 13 engaging with a hole 14 by means of a handle 12. Fig. 2 shows the mould a
closed at the bottom by the neck mould 20 against which it fits. The mould a is
secured to a balance lever 4 by adjustable bolts 11 through which passes the pin 10
passing through the arms 7 of the mould fulfilling the function of, hinges.
20 is the neck forming mould completing the measuring mould a, and arranged at
the end of the bracket 22 secured to the balance lever 4. This bracket 22 is held at
a suitable height by means of a shoulder and nut tightening it against the lever 4.
These moulds a and 20, secured to the lever 4 can receive the different positions
required for the manufacture either by placing the bottom of the mould a at the top,
in order to receive glass, Fig. 2, or by turning it downwards, as in Fig. 3.
These positions are given to the moulds by the lever 4 operated by a hand wheel 30

page_text: and hollow spindle 3, the lever and the wheel being keyed to said spindle, which
freely rotates in the upper portion of the bracket 25. recessed-in-order-to-form-a
sleeve. Compressed air for blowing is admitted through the hollow spindle 3, whence
it enters by a tube G merging into the neck mould 20 whatever be the position
occupied by said mould, as the spindle 3 and the tube 6 rotate with it.
The wheel 30 is provided with two projections 31 (Fig. 4) provided with recesses or
notches for engaging with a roller 33 pressed upwards by a spring 32 in order
alternately to secure the mould a and mould 20 in either of the positions shown in
Fig. 2 or in Fig. 3.
The lever 4 is provided with a groove slot in which slide the bracket 22, and the
bolts 11 in order to enable these moulds to be raised or lowered and regulated accord-
ing to their length.
The neck-mould 20 which if necessary comprises a portion of the neck, consists of
a casing 21 made of two longitudinal parts, and of the mould proper. In the inner
portion where the glass is moulded it must have the exact shape to be given to the
ring. Between the casing 21 and the inner part, forming the mould for the ring,
there may
be is space which is filled with plaster, clay, carbon or any other substance,
not conducting heat, in order to maintain said mould at the temperature required to
avoid cooling ealcination and breaking of the neck and ring. This combination is
all the more useful when it desired to obtain a thin ring as it is at this point the
glass arrives first at the moment when it is emptied poured into the measuring
mould, and consequently it cools more at the ring than at any other portion of the
bottle.
The opening and closing of the two sections of the mould 20, are effected by means
of the handle 23 acting on the rods 24. and turning the T headed bolts 25 in
The fingers-25-engaging with holes 26. keep them firmly in place for the purpose of
closing the moulds.
In order to perforate and calibrate the interior of the neck, the mould 20 is
provided in its centre with a rod 27, corresponding to the inner diameter of the
collar and neck of the bottle or other object. This rod 27 is operated by an eccentric 29
which causes it automatically to enter to a suitable depth into the neck-mould before
the glass is poured into it: then withdraws it, after the blowing of the glass, in order
to admit compressed air which forcing the glass outwards completes the perforation of
the neck and forces the glass against the wall and the bottom of the measuring
mould.
The rod 27 rises and descends in the tube which supplies compressed air to the
neck-mould. But in order to enable the air to escape from this tube, and enter into
the neck-mould, it is necessary that the rod should be withdrawn from the mould, as,
when is in the mould for the purpose of producing the neck orifice, it completely
closes the tube to prevent the glass from entering it when said glass is emptied
poured into the measuring mould and into the neck-mould arranged underneath, and
particularly when the pressing blowing is effected.
The opening and closing of the sides of the measuring mould is effected by a
toothed wheel 8 and pinions 9 connected to the arms 7 of the mould, connected
together by the toothed wheel 8 mounted on the end of the spindle 3, but not keyed
in order to enable it to rotate freely. In this way when the workman takes hold of
the handle 12 and pushes the side of the mould to which it is secured, the pinion
operates the wheel 8 which being movable, transmits the motion to the other pinion
and causes the other part of the mould to approach.
In order to form the ring of the bottles. the handles of certain kinds of vases or
other ornaments, the glass poured into the measuring mould is neted pressed upon by
steam or hot air at a suitable temperature to preserve the necessary plasticity
malleability at the point where the fluids strike it. The steam for compression
pressing is admitted through the tube 61 terminated by the compressor 62 suitably
fitting the orifice of the measuring mould in order to prevent the glass from coming
out during compression. The pipe 61 has a valve operated by a pedal in order to enable
the workman to have his hands free for the purpose of quickly closing the measuring

page_text: mould by means of the bottom 15 and to rotate it through half a revolution in order
to place it bottom downwards in the position shown in Fig. 3.
The handle 63 operates the movable end of the pipe 61 by applying the
compressor 62 into the orifice of the measuring mould, and moves the pipe aside after
compression, in order not to interfere with the movements, particularly the reversing
of measuring moulds and of the neck mould.
In order not to interfere with the manipulations during the emptying pouring of
glass into the mould a and during the blowing of the bottle in the finishing mould c,
the mould b for the glass ball bulb rests on the frame. In order to raise it and to
pass it into the position shown in Fig. 4 so as to be able to introduce into it the rough
bottle taken out from the first mould, an articulated lever is used consisting of the
arm g of the crank shaft h, a rod i, movable collar j and rod k carrying the bracket / on
which the mould b rests. In order to enable the rod / to make about one quarter of
a revolution so as to place the mould in the centre and receive the rough bottle,
said rod is provided with a helical groove m in which engages a projection n secured
to the sleeve o regulating surrounding the rod k. In this way when the arm gis
pressed, the crank shaft operates the connecting rod i which, by means of the
collar j, raises the rod supporting the mould b which freely rotating in the collar j,
receives the helical movement transmitted by the combination of the groove m and
projection n. The finishing mould c is supported and held in place by arms 36
through which passes the pin 40 constituting a spring, hinge enabling the two portions
of the mould to come nearer together or to move apart.
The two screw threaded bolts 39 through which passes the pin 40, extend at their
other ends through the bracket 58 in which they are firmly held by nuts and are
adapted to rise or descend in a slot in the bracket so as to conneet adjust the finishing
mould with to the mould for the bottle neck when the bottle is being blown.
The bracket 58 is recessed at its upper portions and carries two bearings supporting
the shaft 59, which is adapted to be partially rotated by the hand wheel 60 secured
to its outer end, the other end carrying the toothed wheel 37 actuating the pinions 38
secured to the arms of the finishing mould. When, therefore, the hand wheel 60 is
turned say from right to left the halves of the mould are brought together to close it
and when turned in the opposite direction the mould is opened. The closing is
ensured by projections 42 engaging in holes 43 said engagement being effected by
turning the handle 41.
The bottom 47 eeming which comes into engagement with the base of the finishing
mould c is secured to the plunger 48 which passes through a plate of the frame, and
through a socket guiding it in its movement, transmitted to it by the articulated
lever consisting of reds arms 53 and 54.
When the handle of the lever 53 has been lowered until the rod 54 has assumed a
horizontal position, the spring controlled projection 55 engages under the rod 54
operating the plunger 48. In this way the bottom 47 which is secured to the top of
the plunger is held at a suitable height so that the two parts of the finishing mould
when brought together fit on to it and enclose it in a recess made in the base of the
finishing mould. To manufacture bottles with flat bottoms it is sufficient to make
the bottom of the finished mould either flat or a little convex.
For hollow bottom bottles a device is used as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 which consists
of a projection p operated by a lever q which having its fulcrum on the bracket r
causes, by means of a part t, the rod u to rise or to descend in the eyes of the bolts x.
The bracket being secured to the collar y which frely turns in a recess in the
plate the projection p may be placed in the different positions, that it has to occupy
either at near the bracket 58 in the position shown in Figs. 4 and 5, or, into the
central position where it is forced by means of the lever q into the bottom of the
bottle so as to form a sufficiently deep recess. It may be pointed out that the lower
edge of the bottle and the base of the recess have been already roughly formed by the
bottom 47, which is provided with a groove on the circumference and with a convex
part in the centre for receiving the buillon (boudine).
Consequently by pressing on the lever q the projection p is raised and finishes the

page_text: recess, roughly made by the bottom 47 when the bottle in the finishing mould was
being blown. During or after the formation of the recess compressed air may be
introduced so as to force the glass to the bottom in the place where the lower edge is
formed and against the projection p, which in this case must have the shape and
the dimensions of the recess to be given to the bottle. In order to enable glass
to band suitably along the horizontal line corresponding to the base of the finishing
mould clay or other material is used in making the bottom 47 of the finishing mould,
or at least for the circular portion serving for the formation of the edge. By this
means the glass retains sufficient maleability plasticity to bend when the projection p
is forced in, and besides the formation of cracks is avoided which are frequently
produced when it is desirous to form hollow bottom bottles by using a metallic bottom
for the mould.
In order to increase the output the bottles or other articles are generally removed
from the finishing mould before the glass has completely solidified, which necessitates,
in order to prevent their deformation, their being rolled until the glass acquires a
suitable degree of hardness. To avoid this manipulation I use the tubs or semi-
moulds shown in Figures 6 and 7 in which are placed the articles as they come from
the finishing mould. By giving to the semi-mould the shape shown in Fig. 7 it is
possible to effect the recessing of the bottoms of the bottles by removing them from
the finishing mould when the glass of the bottom is still sufficiently plastic to bend
by pressing them against the projecting part 66, which is more or less conical and of
a height equal to the depth of the recess required. These semi-moulds 64 and 65
are made of clay or other material which is a non-conductor of heat, in order to avoid
the enlemation cooling of the articles which they receive. The bottom is provided
with holes for the escape of air when the bottles are introduced into it. They can
also be used for transporting the articles to the annealing stove, by attaching them
to an endless chain passing near the machine so that the bottles arrive there without
becoming deformed or broken.
In order to prevent the formation of longitudinal seams on the bottles a reciprocating
motion is imparted to them during the blowing in the finishing mould which is
divided into three portions: semi-mould 35, the sides 34 and the bottom 47, which
may be secured to the semi-mould and the neck mould 20. The sides 34 which
join the semi-mould 35 are brought together as shown in Fig. 13 or moved apart as
in Fig. 14, by means of the pinions 38, and toothed wheel 37 operated by the hand
wheel 60 and the spindle 59 to which it is keyed. The sides 34 are brought and held
together by the finger 42 engaging with the hole 43. These sides 34 except for the
movement of opening and closing are stationary whereas the semi-mould 35 may be
raised so as to fit against the sides 34 and remain movable on the plate 49 so that a
reciprocating motion may be communicated to it. The height of the tub or semi-
mould 35 varies according to the length of the bottle: it is sufficient that it should
have the depth required to cause the bottle to participate in the movement it receives
during the blowing operation.
In order to join the sides 34 as shown in Fig. 13 the semi-mould 35 is held in
place by a spring controlled latch finfer 56 sliding in a sleeve mounted-in-a recess
of the column 55. It is pushed forward in the position, Fig. 13, by a spring in the
sleeve and it terminates a-soeket-terminating in a handle. By pressing on the
lever 51 in order to raise the semi-mould 35, the chamfered finger is pushed back
during the passage of the disc 49, then, being advanced by the spring, it engages
under the disc which is thus held pressed against the sides 34.
In order to cause the semi-mould to descend again, as in Fig. 14 it is sufficient to
disengage the finger latch 56 by means of the handle. The disc 49 is guided by the
columns 50 passing through the frame.
The working of the machine as follows:-
The measuring mould a having been placed with its opening upwards the
bottom 15 being turned aside and the rod 27 being raised by the rod 29 the attendant
raises the glass to a suitable temperature and pours into the mould the quantity
required for the manufacture of a bottle or other article. Then the moulder takes

page_text: hold of the handle 63 and forces the end of the compressor 62 into the orifice of the
mould a, and admits steam by depressing a pedal opening a valve of the pipe 61.
The steam admitted at a suitable pressure on the top of the glass compresses presses
on it and causes it to descend into the neck mould 20 placed under the mould a,
whereby a perfect moulding of the ring collar or other ornament is obtained. The
operation is effected very quickly in order to preserve the malleability plasticity of
the glass, the attendant then reinoves the compressor 62 and applies the bottom 15
to the mould a and secures it by causing the finger 18 to engage with the hole 19
and by operating the hand wheel 30 he reverses the mould a. Then he depresses the
pedal which operates a valve in the pipe admitting compressed air which enters the
space formed by the rod 27 and forces the glass outwards by pressing it against
the walls and the bottom of the mould a.
As soon as the glass has become sufficiently hard the mould is opened by removing
the bottom 15 and opening the sides as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Then the lever (+
is depressed to raise the intermediate mould until it surrounds the rough bottle
formed in the mould a, air is then admitted in order to press the glass against the
walls of the mould b, the shape of which it assumes at the same time acquiring the
desired consistency consistence and a uniform temperature.
The workinau then lowers the mould b on to the frame, then raises the bottom 47
to the desired height. As soon as the rough bottle rests on this bottom he surround
it by the finishing inould c which is held closed by the finger 42 engaging with the
hole 43. This having been done the workman opens, by means of the pedal, the cock
for the compressed air, which enters into the interior of the bottle and forces it against
the walls and the bottom of the finishing mould. When the bottle has a flat or
concave bottom it is finished by the application of the glass against a flat or convex
bottom. But if it is to be a hollow bottom bottle the attendant lowers the bottom 47
by means of which the recess is roughly formed, and finishes it by raising the
projection p by means of the lever q which forces it into the glass so as to give
the recess the desired depth. Compressed air may be admitted at this
moment in order to mould in a perfect manner the recess and the
lower edge.
When the bottle is finished it is necessary in order to remove
it from the mould c, to disengage the finger 42 from the hole 43 by means of
the handle 41 and to open the mould by rotating the hand wheel 60 and to lower the
projection p and to open the neck minould 20 at the same time as the bottle is taken
hold of say by pincers terminating in semi-rings having the diameter of the neck or
by any other suitable instrument in order to remove it to the annealing furnace,
This process of manufacturing applies to bottles or other articles not rotated
during blowing.
When the bottle is to be rotated by the means hereinbefore indicated, it is
necessary as soon as the rough bottle has been placed in the tub or semi-mould 35
to admit compressed air in order to apply the glass against the walls, and to bring
the sides 34 together and during the whole duration of the blowing a rocking
motion is communicated by the handle 46 and transmitted to the bottle by the
lower mould 35, as already explained.
The finished articles may be deposited in clay tubs such as shown in Figs. 6 and 7
according to their shape. The recess may be formed when the bottle is in the tub,
Fig. 7 by means of the cone or core 66, which is forced into the glass until the edge
of the bottle rests on the base of the tub.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention as
communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the same is
to be performed, I declare that what-I-elaimis-I make no claim to anything
described in the Specification No. 14258 of 1897, but what I claim is :-
1. In-a-machine for manufacturing bottles and other articles of blown-glass-the
combination-of-a-measuring-mould--intermediate mould--and--e--finishing--mould
substantially-as-described.

page_text: 1. 2. In a machine for manufacturing bottles and other articles of blown glass an
intermediate mould into which is placed the rough bottle removed from the first
mould and in which it is blown in order to solidify the glass in a uniform manner
throughout before enclosing it in the finishing mould said intermediate mould
consisting of a simple mould or one having the complete shape of the glass bottle and
adapted to be opened longitudinally from bottom to top or composed of a mould and
two shoulders the shape-of-these-moulds varying necording to the products-to-be
obtained,-and-being-used-if-desired in-series-of-gradually-increasing size-in-order
to increase gradually-the-size-of-the-bottle-und-to-obtain a good distribution-of--the
glass, substantially as described.
3. In a machine for-manufacturing bottles-and other-articles-of-blown-glass-the
arrangement of a neek-mould surrounded by a non-conductor-of-heat-in-combination
with-a-rod-adapted to-be-forced in-and withdrawn-from-it-antematically substantially
as described.
4. In a-machine for manufacturing-bottles-and-other-articles-of-blown-glass-A
divided-mould-in-combination with bevel gearing acting on the arms-of-the-moulds
in-order to open-and-to-close-them-substantially ns-described.
5: In a machine for manufacturing bottles-and-other-articles-of-blown glass of
the-kind-deseribed-n-balance-lever-1-serving-to-move the-measuring mould-and-the
neck-mould-into the different-positions that they have to occupy substantially as
described:
2. 6. In a machine for manufacturing bottles and other articles of blown glass of
the kind described a series of articulated levers for raising, maintaining in place and
locking the bottom 47 of the finishing mould and also the mould b substantially as
described.
3. In a machine for manufacturing bottles and other articles of blown glass of
the kind described means for forming a hollow bottom on bottles comprising a
bottom 47 of clay or other non-conducting material for the rough formation and
a projection p for giving them the finished shape substantially as described.
4. S. In a machine for manufacturing bottles and other articles of blown glass of
the kind described the use of semi-moulds in which the articles removed from the
finishing mould are placed substantially as and for the purpose described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
machine for manufacturing glass bottles and similar articles substantially as described
or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 21st day of December 1898.
BOULT & WADE
Agents for the Applicant.