IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWING BOLTS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCREWING BOLTS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN." A communication from abroad by the
Société Autrichienne, I. R. P. des Chemins de fer de l'Etât; of Paris, in the
Republic of France.
Sealed the 25th April 1879, and dated the 2nd November 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd November 1878.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWING BOLTS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, AND
IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN." A communication from
abroad by the Société Autrichienne, I. R. P. des Chemins de fer de l'Etât, of Paris,
in the Republic of France.
This Invention relates to a novel method of forming the threads of screws of all
descriptions, and it consists in the employment of screw threaded cylinders
arranged radially at equal distances around a common centre in such a manner
that the said cylinders constitute the jaws of a die, so that on introducing a round
bar of iron heated to the required degree between the cylinders, which rotate in the
same direction and at equal speeds, the threads provided upon the said cylinders
will be impressed upon the bar which will assume a corresponding form.
According to one mode of carrying out this Invention, it is proposed to employ
three screwed cylinders mounted on shafts, which are supported in plummer blocks
upon a bed plate, by which the whole of the mechanism is carried."
The shafts each carry also at the opposite extremity to that on which the screwed
cylinder is mounted a pinion in gear with an internal spur wheel, common to all
the pinions which receive from the said internal spur wheel an equal rotary motion
in the same direction. This wheel mounted on one end of a suitable shaft is

page_text: provided with a projecting rim or flange, fitting over and turning upon a projecting
portion of the plummer block carrying the three shafts of the screwed cylinders, so
as to completely encase the pinions which drive the said cylinders. Upon the
other end of the shaft.carrying the internal spur wheel is fixed a toothed wheel in
gear with a pinion keyed upon the driving shaft; this latter shaft also carries-two-
loose pullies, one of-which is driven by a straight belt, and the other by a crossed
belt.
A clutch is provided upon the driving shaft between the two loose pulleys, by
moving which from one pulley to the other motion of the apparatus may be
reversed as required.
A slide rest is also provided which works in grooves in front of the cylinders and
carries a movable chuck.
When it is desired to roll the thread of a screw; the piece of metal to be rolled.
is heated to redness, and fixed in the chuck and advanced by means of a lever
between the three rotating cylinders.
As soon as the screw thread is formed to the required distance, the motion of the
driving shaft is reversed, and the screwed article issues automatically from between
the cylinders, and falls by the intervention of an inclined plane at the foot of the
machine.
The shaft carrying the internal spur wheel is made hollow, so as to admit of the
screwing of rods of considerable length. In order to form screws of different
diameters, cylinders are employed of correspondingly different dimensions.
Worn cylinders may be recut in a lathe, and employed for screwing articles of
larger diameter.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
: by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th April 1879.
"
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREWING BOLTS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES, AND
IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN." A communication from
abroad by the Société Autrichienne, I. R. P. des Chemins de fer de l'Etât, of Paris,
in the Republic of France.
The said Invention relates to a novel method of forming the threads of screws of
all descriptions, and it consists in the employment of screw threaded cylinders or
rolls arranged radially at equal distances around a common centre in such a manner
that the said cylinders constitute the jaws of a die, so that on introducing a round
bar of iron heated to the required degree between the cylinders or rolls, which
rotate all in the same direction and at equal speeds, the threads provided upon the
said cylinders or rolls will be impressed upon the bar, which will assume a
corresponding or counterpart form.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the several
Figures on the annexed Sheets of Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts inall the Figures.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal
vertical section of an apparatus for securing bolts constructed according to the said
Invention; Figure 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the same; Figures.
3 and 4 are respectively elevations of opposite ends of the upper part of the
apparatus; Figure 5 (on Sheet 2) is a plan of the apparatus, and Figures 6 and 7
are detail views drawn to a larger scale of the screwing cylinders or rolls; Figures.
8 and 9, and Figures 10 and 11 are full size views of a bolt and wood screw,.
respectively manufactured by the aid of the said apparatus.
In the example of apparatus illustrated in the Drawings, three screwed cylinders
or rollers are employed marked d, d, d, which are mounted on shafts supported in
plummer blocks c upon a bed plate a by which the whole of the mechanism is
carried, the said bed plate being in its turn supported at opposite ends by standards
b, b. The shafts each carry also at the opposite extremity to that on which the screwed
cylinder is mounted a pinion e in gear with an internal spur wheel of common to all
the pinions, which thus receive from the internal spur wheel an equal rotary motion
in the same direction. The internal spur wheel (which is mounted on one end of a
shaft g) is provided with a projecting rim or flange / fitting over and turning upon
a projecting portion of the plummer block c, carrying the three shafts of the
screwed cylinders or rolls d so as to completely encase the pinions e which drive
the said cylinders or rolls; upon the other end of this shaft g is fixed a toothed
wheel k, which is in gear with a pinion keyed upon the driving shaft m. The
last-mentioned shaft also carries two loose pulleys n, n, one of which is driven by a
straight belt, and the other by a cressed belt, and a clutch is provided upon the
driving shaft between the two loose pulleys by the act of moving which from one
pulley to the other, the motion of the apparatus may be reversed as required.
In order to facilitate the presentation of the bolt (for example) to the action of
the screwed cylinders or rolls, a slide rest o is provided which works in grooves in
front of the cylinders or rolls, and carries a moveable chuck p. When it is desired
to roll the thread of screw, the piece of inetal to be rolled is heated to redness, and
fixed in the chuck p and advanced by the act of operating a lever q between the
three rotating cylinders or rolls. As soon as the screw thread is formed to the
required distance, the motion of the driving shaft is reversed and the screwed
article issues automatically from between the cylinders, and falls through the
intervention of an inclined plane at the foot of the machine.

page_text: The shaft g carrying the internal spur wheel is inade hollow so as to admit of the
screwing of rods of considerable length. In order to form screws of different
diameters, cylinders or rolls are employed of correspondingly different dimensions.
Worn cylinders-or-rolls may be recut in a lathe, and employed for screwing
articles of larger diameter.
By the use of the said Invention, the following advantages among others are
Lobtained, videlicet:
-
1. Economy of material.
-2.-Preservation of the material since the fibres are not cut in the process of
screwing.
3. Economy in the tools, as the screwed cylinders or rolls are more durable than
the ordinary-dics. -
4. Great precision in the work performed.
It is obvious that the numbers of screwed cylinders or rolls employed will be
varied according to circumstances.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect,
I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
First. The system or mode of screwing bolts and other like articles by the
employment of screwed cylinders or rolls arranged at equal distances around a
common centre, and so as to turn in the same direction and with the same speed
in such a manner, that an impression is formed with the threads of the screwed
cylinders or rolls upon the articles to be screwed, which are introduced in a heated
condition between the said screwed cylinders or rolls, substantially as herein-before
described.
Secondly. The general arrangement and combination of parts forming an
apparatus for screwing bolts and other like articles, substantially as herein-before
described, and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this my Speci-
fication set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)