A New or Improved Device for Heating and Ventilating Rooms and Houses.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1804
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Device for Heating and Ventilating Rooms
and Houses.
I, JOHN CINNAMON of New Brighton, County of Richmond, State of New
York, United States of America, Commission Merchant, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention is designed to supersede the use of stoves and furnaces in heating
and ventilating houses which I accomplish by radiation and reflection of heat waves
as distinguished from heating rooms, by filling their empty space with air which
has been heated.
My invention relates to an improvement in the means and apparatus for heating
and ventilating buildings. The object of my invention is to warm the floor and
lower portion of the walls of a room as well as the occupants thereof by heat
reflected from a point near the ceiling of said room in contradistinction to the usual
method of heating the air and causing that medium to conduct the heat to the
walls and occupants.
Another object of my invention is to provide an automatic means of ventilation
of the heated room operated by the atmosphere contained therein.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this Specification:-
Figure is a sectional view showing my invention applied to the centre of a
room.
Figure II is a similar view showing the invention applied to the corner of a
room, and
Figure 3 is a detail view.
My invention consists in the combining with an elevated source of heat a means
of exit for the foul air or the products of combustion or both and suitable reflecting
devices. The source of heat may be an open grate and the ventilating aperture
may be the chimney for such grate and the reflector may form the back to the
grate or fire place but my favorite form of the invention does away with the dust
and crudity of the grate and consists, as is shown in the drawings (Figure 1) of an
umbrella shaped metallic polished reflector A placed near the ceiling of the room
to be warmed, below which hung by rods the source of heat B, which may be a
coil of electrically heated wire, a steam radiator or other heat giving source.
centre of the said reflector is perforated at C, and from the perforation extends
ventilating pipe D either below the ceiling, or between the ceiling and floor above,
to an outlet communicating with the exterior air..
The
A suitable concentric sleeve E around said vent pipe with a space between the
two, prevents danger to inflammable material through which it may pass. At the
mouth of the perforation in the reflector are placed upwardly opening valves E¹, E¹,
(shown more particularly in Figure 3.) nearly balanced, but having a slight pre-
ponderance of weight at their inner edges, which causes them under normal
conditions to remain closed, thereby shutting off communication between the
atmosphere of the room to be heated and the outer air. The upward pressure of
any considerable body of warm air under the said reflector is sufficient to open
these valves and allow the warm air to escape.
Below the source of heat before-mentioned, is hung by suitable supports, a second
smaller reflector G which cuts off the rays of heat, radiated directly downwards,
and throws them up into the main reflector, whence they are thrown downward as
reflected heat.
The shape of my reflectors may be varied to conform to the conditions giving
greatest efficiency as may be found by experiment and it may be placed at the

page_text: top, sides or in the upper corner of a room as may be most convenient or
desirable..
The action of my device is as follows:-
The suspended beat radiating device B throws out heat in all directions. The
direct downward radiation is intercepted by the lower reflector G and thrown up
to the main reflector A, whence together with the other radiated heat received
from the radiator it is reflected to the lower part of the room, passing through
the atmosphere without, to an appreciable extent, heating it and being absorbed
by the opaque objects on which it finally falls. These objects (the floor, furniture,
etc.) having received the impact of the heat rays convert them into obscure heat
which is imparted to the air by conduction and convection. As the air becomes
heated it rises, and when a sufficient quantity has accumulated under the dome-
shaped reflector, its upward tendency causes the valves E', E', to open, allowing
the heated and vitiated air to pass out through the vent pipe D, its place being
taken by fresh air which enters the room from the usual openings.
By this means I achieve a gentle, uniform heating of the room, remove vitiated
air, and avoid drafts, the tendency of the outgoing air being vertical throughout
the heated area..
Figure II represents an alternative form of my device adapted to be used at the
sides or corners of a room. The action of this form is identical with that of the
form described and the lettering of the drawings are alike for similar parts.
Either form of my. device may be used to warm the verandah or porch of a
house.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a beating device, the combination of a source of heat, a reflector for
directing the heat rays in a particular direction and a screen for intercepting the
direct radiation from said source of heat, substantially as set forth.
2. In a heating device, the combination of a source of heat, a reflector for
directing the heat rays in a particular direction, a reflecting screen for intercepting
the direct radiation from said source of heat and returning said direct radiated
heat to said reflector, substantially as described..
3. In a heating device, the combination of a suspended source of heat, a reflector
above said source of heat adapted to direct the heat rays in a particular direction,
a reflecting screen below said source of heat for returuing the directly radiated heat
to the reflector and a ventilating pipe passing through said reflector, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
4. In a heating device, the combination of a suspended source of heat, a reflector
having a ventilating pipe above said source of heat, an upwardly reflecting screen
below said source of heat, and upwardly opening valves in said ventilating pipe,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5. In a beating device, the combination of a suspended source of heat, a reflector
having a ventilating pipe, above said source of heat, an upwardly reflecting screen
below said source of heat, and automatically acting valves in said ventilating pipe,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. In an apparatus for heating rooms and other places, the combination of an
elevated source of heat, means adjacent to said source of heat for allowing the foul
air to escape, and a reflector for casting downward the heat rays, substantially as
set forth.
Dated this 10th day of October 1894.
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents.