Improvements in and relating to Lamps or Lanterns.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 18th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 18th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Lamps or Lanterns.
I, CORNELIUS CRASTIN, of 88 Blackstock Road, Finsbury Park, in the County
of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in lamps or lanterns and has mainly for
object to enable high power inverted flame lamps or burners of the Siemens or like
type to be burned or used for outside lighting, which has not been hitherto
practicable in consequence of the sensitiveness of the flame to the action of air
currents.
In carrying out my invention as applied to a Siemens burner I arrange the bottom
half of the casing of the burner within three hollow frustrums of cones arranged
concentrically one within the other and hereinafter referred to as cones.
These cones are formed of perforated sheet metal closed at the base and are kept
at a suitable distance apart and form a guard for the incoming air.
The top half of the casing or chimney of the burner is also enclosed with cones
similar to those enclosing the lower half, but inverted, and placed upon the lower
conos and serving as a guard for the consumed air.
In practice I find good results are obtained by using large perforations for the
outer cone of the set of cones for the incoming air, medium perforations for the
middle cone and fine perforations for the inside cone, this order of perforations being
reversed for the outgoing air.
The space where the upper and lower guards meet can be left open or can be closed
or partially closed or be fitted with a regulating plate.
The top of the upper guard is covered in and is provided with a suitable
shield as a protection from the heat and the whole may be enclosed in a suitable
ornamental case, ineans being provided in the said case for the inlet and outlot of
the air.
I have described my improved guard as consisting of three sets of reversed per-
forated cones, this number giving good results in practice, but it will be obvious that
more than three can be employed.
Dated the 18th day of Decembe 1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Lamps or Lanterns.
I, CORNELIUS CRASTIN, of 88, Blackstock Road, Finsbury Park, in the County of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in lamps or lanterns, and has mainly for
object to enable high power inverted flame lamps or burners of the Siemens or like
type to be burned or used for outside lighting, which has not been hitherto practicable
in consequence of the sensitiveness of the flame to the action of air currents.
In carrying out my invention as applied to a Siemens burner I arrange the bottom
half of the casing of the burner within three hollow frustrums of cones arranged
concentrically one within the other and hereinafter referred to as cones.
These cones are formed of perforated sheet metal closed at the base and are kept
at a suitable distance apart and form a guard for the incoming air.

page_text: The top half of the casing or chimney of the burner is also enclosed with cones
similar to those enclosing the lower half, but inverted, and placed upon the lower
cones, or with similarly placed cylinders, the said top cones or cylinders serving as a
guard for the consumed air.
In practice I find good results are obtained by using large perforations for the
outer cone of the set of cones for the incoming air, medium perforations for the
middle cone, and fine perforations for the inside cone, this order of perforations being
reversed for the outgoing air.
The space where the upper and lower guards meet can be left open or can be closed
or partially closed or be fitted with a regulating plate.
The top of the upper guard is covered in and is provided with a suitable shield or
baffle as a protection from the heat and the whole may be enclosed in a suitable
ornamental case, means being provided in the said case for the inlet and outlet of
the air.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it
can be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawing, in
which :-
Figure 1 is a vertical section of an inverted flame lamp of the Siemens type with
my concentric cones applied thereto, the lamp being shown with the space left open
where the upper and lower cones meet and without an enclosing case.
Figure 2 is a vertical section; and,
Figure 3 is a plan of part of the lamp shewing the said space fitted with a
regulating plate.
Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 1 but shewing the lamp provided with an
enclosing case.
Figure is a horizontal section of part of Figure 4.
Figures 6 and 7 are sections illustrating modifications of the lamp shown in
Figure 4.
Similar letters in all the figures indicate similar parts.
a, a¹, a² represent the frame of the lamp, b the globe hinged to the part a of the
frame, c the outer and d the inner casings of the burner forming cylinders or passages
for conducting air thereto, e, e the tubes constituting the burner and fitted in the
part a of the lamp frame, f the trumpet-mouthed funnel, and g the flue or
chimney, all of which parts are of the construction usual in a Siemens inverted-flame
lamp.
is the main gas supply pipe, and is the supply pipe for the tube w of the pilot
burner the said pipes having their lower ends fitted in the part a³ of the lamp
frame. Separate inlets h², h³ are provided to the pipes h, ', the cock being fitted to
the inlet so that the main gas supply can be shut off without extinguishing the
pilot burner.
,, are the three perforated lower cones within which I arrange the bottom half
of the casing c of the burner, the perforations of the outer cone i being larger than
those of the middle cone, while the perforations of the innermost cone are the
smallest, the three cones forming a guard for protecting the flame from the action of
air currents or gusts of wind.
are the three perforated upper cones within which I enclose the top part of
the casing or chimney g of the burner, the said upper cones being inverted, as shewn,
and placed upon the lower cones i, , and having their respective perforations in
the reverse order to those of the lower cones, that is to say, the innermost cone has
the largest perforations, the middle one those of medium size and the outer one the
smallest. The upper cones j, j, j thus form a guard for the consumed air.
The spaces & where the upper and lower cones or guards meet are in this arrange-
ment shewn open. They may, however, be provided with perforated partitions n, n
and with a perforated regulating plate o, as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, by moving
which plate the holes in the partitions n, n can be wholly or partially opened or
closed.

page_text: I is the cover for the top of the upper guard j, j¹, j³; and m is the shield or bame
for protecting the cover from the heat.
The direction of travel of the air to the burner is indicated by the feathered arrows,
and the direction in which the consumed air and products of combustion pass is shewn
by the non-feathered arrows.
In the lamp illustrated in Figure 4, the upper cones j,j. shewn in Figure 1 are
replaced by similarly perforated cylinders p, p', p³, each of which is provided with a
cover, respectively. The whole is enclosed in a case q having perforated
portions and at the bottom and top respectively, for the inlet and outlet of the air,
over which portions are arranged guards s, s' having holes t, punched therein, so
that rain drops will run down between the holes instead of entering them. The
guards s, s' are surrounded by sheet metal rings u, u forming air passages o, v¹.
The upper part 2 of the ring u is, as shewn in Figure 5, made corrugated in
horizontal section, it being found that this form causes the wind as it strikes the
part to be split up and the air to be properly directed, thereby still further ensuring
a steady flame.
Figure 6 shews the guards and its ring u' made flat in vertical section instead of
round: and in Figure 7 the guard s' is dispensed with, the holes t¹ being punched in
the outer jacket g.
I have described and shewn my improved guard as consisting of three sets of
reversed perforated cones, or cones and cylinders, this number giving good results in
practice, but it will be obvious that more than three can be employed.
Although I have described and shown my cones, or cones and cylinders applied to
inverted flame lamps or burners of the Siemens type, it will be obvious that they can
be applied to ordinary lamps, that is to say, to lamps, the burners of which are not
invorted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A lamp or lantern having the bottom half of the casing of the burner enclosed
within perforated concentric hollow frustrums of cones, and the top half of the casing or
chimney enclosed within similar cones in an inverted position, substantially as heroin-
before described and illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing.
2. The modification in which the upper cones are replaced by concentric cylinders,
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying
drawing.
3. The improved lamps or lanterns hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
Iated the 18th day of September 1890.
panying drawing.
ated the 18th day of September 1890.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.