IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBBIN MACHINES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Chretien Guillaume Schönherr, of Chemnitz, in the
Kingdom of Saxony, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBBIN MACHINES."
Sealed the 27th February 1854, and dated the 31st December 1853.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Chretien Guillaume Schönherr
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 31st December 1853, pursuant to the 9th section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
I, CHRETIEN GUILLAUME SCHÖNHERR, of Chemnitz, in the Kingdom of
Saxony, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOBBIN MACHINES" to be as follows, reference
being had to the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the diagrams on which, duly
marked with letters of reference, form part of this my Complete Specification;
and, first, I will describe that part of my said Invention which appertains to
winding, and which I shall call the winding machine :-
This winding machine, compared with other winding machines for the same
purpose, possesses the following advantages:
It may be applied to all kinds of spinning, to fine as well as coarse numbers,
as also to making the bobbins thicker or thinner.
Movement may be communicated to this machine either by the foot of the
person tending it, or from any elementary force by means of a strap.
This machine works correctly and regularly, which cannot be effected by
manual labour, and does not injure the quality of the varn.
The bobbins are independent of each other, that is, they regulate cach its

page_text: As
own yarn guide, and in the manner necessary. By this means each bobbin
may be filled apart or seperate, without changing any other part of the
machine, with any other quality of yarn. Again, the bobbins may be wound
part half full and part full; they may in this manner be replaced by new or
empty ones, without its being necessary to stop the machine, which continues
to work without intermission, and without making any defective bobbins.
soon as any one of the bobbins is completely full, it stops, ceases to move, and
refuses to take any more yarn, for as soon as it is filled to the point prescribed,
it detaches itself from the movement of a stop rod. The yarn to be wound
receives the tension necessary to form a compact and regular bobbin without
friction upon the yarn, and consequently without injury.
The cost of the machine is very moderate, having regard to the results it
gives, and will certainly pay for itself in a year's time, by the saving upon
wages paid for manual labour; besides which, its better operation, on account
of the exact disposition of the yarn upon the bobbin, yields a produce particu-
larly noticeable in the weaving.
In the Drawing, Figures 1 and 2, the parts of the fitting up of the machine
(the frame work) are marked A. The machine is seldom set in movement
by the treadle B, and the handle C of the wheel D, or by means of a strap
upon the pulley T. The strap E turus the shaft F, upon which is fixed a
small pully G for each bobbin, to which it transfers the movement by friction.
Each bobbin is placed in a moveable support M, upon its spindle L, with the
friction pully H. The pinion K sets the wheel D in activity, to which an
excentric is adapted, which gives the alternate motion to the guide. This
guide O, works between four supports. The Figures 3, 4, and 5, show, at full
size, the working of the bobbins, with their spindles and supports; they repre-
sent, moreover, the stops-rod, (instrument for stopping the bobbins) and yarn
guide required for each bobbin. 6 and 7 represent (half size) the instrument
for stretching the yarn (drag), such as is necessary for each bobbin. These
objects, together with the reel, are completely drawn in Figures 1 and 2, for
one bobbin only. We must then imagine the others according to the number
of hobbins; the Drawing is made for six bobbins. The Figures 1 and 2 show
that the bobbins receive the yarn either from the reel y or from the cob æ; if
the yarn comes from the reel, it passes through the notch a, round the friction
roller c, and through the notch a, to the bobbin; but if the yarn comes from
the cobar, it passes first through the notch a, round the roller c, and so directly
to the bobbin, in which case the before-mentioned notch a' is superfluous. It
will then be seen that no modification is necessary either in winding from the
reel or the cob. The above-mentioned notches are in porcelain.

page_text: I will now describe the guide, stop-rod, and drag for each bobbin, sce
Figures 3, 4, and 5. The bobbin Z is fixed upon the spindle I, which is put in
motion by the friction pully I by means of the pully G; the support M,
which is moveable at the hinge N, serves as a step or bed for the spindle L, and
at the same time as a weight acting upon the friction pully of the spindle:
Since this motion fills its bobbins in conical form (see Z), it is necessary that
the empty bobbins should themselves be of that form. The rod of the guide O,
whose oscillation is always regular at the same extreme point of movement;
has a thread or spiral throughout its whole length. A brass box, upon which is
fixed the round yarn guide II, 1, K, slides upon this rod. The incision h con-
ducts the yarn in proportion to the oscillation of the rod 0; the spring & entering
into the thread of the screw serves to move the guide and produce the pressure
which it requires. The greatest diameter i of the guide forms a friction pully
which touches the yarn, wound on as soon as it arrives, at the highest point of
the bobbin. By this contact, the guide is immediately turned by the yarn and
forced onward by the spring &, in proportion as the layers on the bobbin have
augmented. This process is repeated at each oscillation of the guide rol until
the bobbin is completed. When the bobbin is full, the wound yarn comes in
contact with the pin r, hanging on a pivot in the axis of the support y; then by
winding several layers of yarn, the bobbin, accompanied by its spindle and
support, continue to rise until the friction pully H is detached from the pully
G, and so the bobbin is stopped. The support is fixed in the iron stand p,
with the screw t; and these two stands serve to set the pin to the place required
by the length and diameter of the bobbin. The Figures 6 and 7 show the dis-
position necessary to each bobbin in order to give the yarn the proper tension.
The yarn comes, as before said, either from the reel above, in which case both
4
below, and then
the notches a and a' are necessary, or it comes from the cob
the notch a is not needed. These notches serve principally to bring the yarn
as much as possible in contact with the periphery of the grooved friction
roller c. This roller has a groove which is filled with woollen cloth or sand,
in order to prevent the yarn from slipping or escaping, and in order to make it
turn with it. The axle tree, upon which this roller turns with case, is fixed to
the lever c, whose fulcrum is v. This lever is charged with a moveable weight
D, by which the grooved friction roller is pressed against the firm part f, and
by which process its rotation is impeded, and this gives the necessary tension
to the yarn.
If the yarn receive a surcharge of tension over and above this
from the cob or the reel, the pression of the roller by means of the lever c
will thereby be diminished or entirely destroyed. It therefore happens that

page_text: the tension of the yarn, under all circumstances, is approximatively always the
same.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the means by which
it is carried into practical effect, I would remark that those parts or apparatus
herein described, which are new and of my Invention, and which I claim, are
the thread or spiral connected with the guard O, on the rod of which such spiral
runs; the metal box in which is fixed the round yarn h, i, k, which slides
upon this rod; the spring k, which entering into the thread of the screw k,
serves to move the guide and produce the pressure which it requires; that
part of the apparatus where the greatest diameter of the guide forms a
friction pully, which touches the yarn wound on as soon as it arrives at the
highest point of the bobbin, and by which contact the guide is immediately
turned by the yarn and forced onward by the spring in proportion as the
layers on the bobbin have augmented; the pink with which the wound yarn
comes in contact, and which hangs on a pivot in the axis of the support 7,
then by winding several layers of yarn, the bobbin accompanied by its spindle
and support continues to rise until the friction pully H is detached from the
pulley G, and so the bobbin is stopped; also the contrivance of the notches,
which serve principally to bring the yarn as much as possible in contact with
the periphery of the grooved friction roller C.
In witness whereof, I, the said Chretien Guillaume Schönherr, have
herein-before affixed my hand and scal, this Twenty-first day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
Witness,
CHRETIEN GUILLAUME SCHONHERR. (L.S.)
ERNST SEIDLER,
Manufacturer, of Chemnitz,
in the Kingdom of Saxony.