Year: 1886

page_text: A clerical error in the original Specification having heen amended by the
Patentee with the consent of the Comptroller, the printed Specification will now read
as shown below :-

page_text: HAFEZB PP
I, HERBERT JOHN ALLISON, of the firm of Allison Brothers, of 52 Chancery
Lane, London, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention which has been communicated to me from abroad by
Lester D. Stone, Physician and Surgeon, of Binghamton, New York, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to an improvement in that form of fire extinguishing
apparatus from which a chemical compound is thrown upon the fire to subdue it
by coating the burning mass with a non-inflammable material, or by surrounding
it with a gas that will not support combustion.
The invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, of which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a double acting machine mounted on a transporting
carriage.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same.
Fig. 3 is a general plan of it.
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of my improved apparatus in a portable form.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the air force pump I use with my said fire
extinguishing apparatus, and forming a part of the same. This view shows the
form of pump used with a portable machine. For a large or carriage-mounted
machine of course an operating fulcrumed lever would be substituted for the handles
shown in this figure.
Fig. 6 is a plan of the pump shown in Fig. 5. In the double acting machine,
I use two strong metallic holders A, A¹, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. These
holders are best constructed with cylindrical sides and semi-globular ends, as pre-
senting the form of greatest strength with the least expenditure of material and
they are set in position on the frame of the carriage B, B¹, (the frame is B and its
wheels B¹) so that the longer axis of them stands in a vertical plane, as shown in
Figs. 1 and 2. The top and bottom end of each of these holders is respectively
provided with a sort of a manhole or cap-plate a and a¹. The chemical material
is introduced through the upper aperture when the cap a is removed, and the
sedimentary deposit may be removed when the lower plate a¹ is withdrawn. These
manhole plates are made to close air tightly into their respective seats.
This apparatus is provided with two pumps C and C¹, located at any convenient
point on the frame B. The pump C is a water forcing pump, and is provided with
a suction water hose D, provided with a strainer d at its outer or suction end in
the usual manner. Water from any convenient source of supply is received into the
D.
077

page_text: pump through its said suction hose, and it is forced by the said pump through
the force pipe E into one or the other of the said holders A. or A¹, with both of
which the said force pipe connects by means respectively of its branches e, e¹, and
the said branches are respectively provided with stop cocks e¹ and e³, so that water
may be admitted to or excluded from either of the said holders at pleasure. The
water forcing pump C in this machine is best made double acting, so as to make
the action continuous.
The air forcing pump O' is also preferably made double acting and it is arranged
to drive a current of air through the air forcing pipe F through either of its
branches for frespectively into either of the holders A or A¹. The said branch
pipes fand flare arranged to deliver their air currents into their respective holders
at or near the bottoms of the said holders, so that the air currents so delivered may
stir up any solid chemical matter or material that may lie at the bottom of the
said holders. The said branch air pipes f and f¹ are respectively provided with
stop cocks and f³, so that air may be admitted to or excluded from either of the
said holders at pleasure, or as required.
At some convenient place on the carriage frame B is placed a small heating
furnace G which may be heated by means of an oil stove burner. In the said
furnace G is placed a coil of air pipe H, arranged to be heated by the said furnace,
and the air heated in said pipe is delivered into the aforesaid holders A, A¹, respec-
tively through air pipe coils h, h¹, located in the upper parts of said holders and
connected by suitable branch pipes with the said heater pipe H.
An outlet or discharge pipe I is connected respectively with the holders A and A¹
by means of the branch pipes i and i, and these branch pipes are respectively
provided with stop cocks and ³, and from the said discharge pipe I, also leads
an outlet elbow or nozzle I¹, to which may be attached a hose through which the
chemicalized fluid is discharged upon the fire.
In Fig. 4 is shown a modification of this my improved fire extinguishing
apparatus, said modified form of the apparatus being adapted to a light portable
machine, such as may be carried by a man, on his back and is made single acting,
instead of double acting, as in the described carriage mounted machine. In this
machine a single holder A is used, and it is made precisely in the form described
for the double acting machine, except that its cylindrical sides extend down to a
line level with or below the convex bottom of the holder, as in Fig. 4, so as to
make a flat bottom on which to set the machine down. This chamber is provided
with a shoulder strap J, which may be thrown over the shoulder of the operator,
to assist in carrying the machine. In this form of the apparatus the air force pump
is housed within the chamber A, and the peculiar construction of the said pump
will be presently explained. Near the bottom of the said chamber there is attached
to it an outlet hose K which couples with a nozzle K¹ leading from the said holder
and which is provided with a suitable stop cock K².
In Figs. 5 and 6 are shown a sectional elevation and plan of the air force pump
I propose to use with this apparatus as being best adapted to the purpose. In this
pump L designates the barrel of the pump; L¹ the perforated removable cap
thereof;
L³ the removable foot piece, through which air is forced into the holder A
or A¹ as the case may be; and M is the piston which is packed in any suitable
manner, and secured to the lower end of the piston rod M', which may be provided
with any suitable form of operating handle M2 at its upper end. The foot piece N
contains a valve n which is guided by a perforated piece n¹ and provided with a
perforated valve seat n². The piston M is provided with a valve m and a guide m
for the stem of this valve and at each downward stroke of the piston air will be
forced into the case of the annihilator for the purpose of forcibly ejecting liquid
therefrom. O designates a cup-shaped vessel having a cylindrical screw threaded
neck on its lower end. This vessel O is screwed upon the lower threaded
portion of a nut R and made tight by means of a packing ring 2 confined
between the cup and nut. The nut R is furnished with two handles R¹, fixed into
elevated portions r¹, r¹, and it is by means of these handles that the nut is forcibly

page_text: screwed down on the annular shoulder formed on the upper part of the pump
barrel L. When the cup or vessel O and the nut R are applied as described on
the barrel L, a small quantity of any fluid will make the joints perfectly air tight.
For the purpose of keeping the piston M down, pins 8, 8, are inserted through
the rod M just below its handle, and hooks s¹, 81, are fixed into the cap L'
diametically opposite each other, and turned in opposite directions. When the
piston is fully depressed and rod M₁ is given a slight turn, the pins 8, 8, will pass
below the hooks 81, 81, and hold down the piston.
The apparatus constructed as above described is prepared for use by putting into
its holder or holders through the upper aperture, bicarbonate of soda, sillicete of
soda or other like chemicals and then partially filling the holder with water, then
closing it against the admission of more water, and then starting the air forcing
apparatus. The air current, forced into the holder, at or near its bottom, stirs up
the solid matter of the chemicals employed and mixes it with the water in the
chamber, thus charging the water with a load of material that will instantly
extinguish a fire when directed thereon either by coating the burning particles with
a film of incombustible material or by surrounding them by an atmosphere or
vapor that will not support combustion. It is well to put upon the outside of each
of the holder chambers a gauge tube x for indicating the height of water within
the chamber, and it might be useful also to put thereon a pressure gauge to indicate
the pressure generated within the holder, either by expanding chemicals or by the
compressed air forced therein.
It is obvious that one or any greater number of the holders A, A¹, etc., may be
used in one of these machines, with equal facility.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. In a fire extinguishing apparatus two or more metallic holders of suitable
construction provided with an air forcing pump and a water forcing pump with
branch pipes leading respectively from each of the said pumps into each of the said
holders or metallic chambers, and provided with suitable stop cocks for opening
any of the said branch pipes into either of the said holders or closing them there-
from, and in combination with the said apparatus a discharge pipe or hole attachable
at pleasure by means of a branch pipe and suitable stop cocks to either of the said
holders the whole combined and arranged as described, so that while one receiver
is being exhausted, another may be being filled, and the water therein agitated,
substantially as described.
2nd. The heating pipe arranged within the holder and communicating with the
heating furnace substantially as described.
3rd. The fire extinguishing apparatus consisting of the holder with its outlet
hose K and pipe K¹, and the air pump L M terminating in a jet forming foot
piece L placed so as to inject air into the said holder near its bottom directly upon
the chemicals therein contained, thereby serving actively to form the solution and
to discharge the same substantially as described.
.
4th. In the air forcing pump for a fire annihilator the nut R and cap O, packed
as described, in combination with the pump barrel L, substantially as described.
5th. The pins 8, 8, and hooks 81, 81, combined with the piston rod M³ and the
pump barrel L as described.