IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE PROCESS OF SOFTENING AND PURIFICATION OF WATER
Year: 1884

page_text: I, WILLIAM WYATT of Ellesmere in the County of Shropshire, Civil Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
USE IN THE PROCESS OF SOFTENING AND PURIFICATION OF WATER to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of an improved apparatus for mixing Lime water or other
liquid or liquids for use in the said process, or for mixing such liquids with lime or
other solid matters.
The apparatus consists of a hollow standard so fixed as to be capable of revolution
on its axis, carried at the ends by any suitable arrangement of plummer blocks or
other bearings. Near the bottom or one end of the standard a hollow arm is
attached standing out from the standard at right angles or thereabout-This arm
is perforated. At the top or other end of the standard is an apparatus constructed
so as to act as an injector. A stream of water is made to pass under pressure
through this injector, and by a proper arrangement of parts the stream of water
carries along with it a quantity of air which is drawn in through apertures. The
air and water pass together down the hollow standard and along the arm till they
reach the perforations where they escape causing a more or less violent ebullition
of the liquid by which the arm may be surrounded.
The arm is preferably placed near the floor of a tank in order that the apparatus
may be immersed in the materials to be acted upon.
The whole is capable of motion on its axis in such a way that the arm in its
motion will pass over a surface equal to a circle having the arm for its radius.
The apparatus may be placed in the centre of a tank, or two or more of them
may be placed in one tank, and motion may be given to them by any suitable
contrivances.
I may also use the apparatus without a stream of water under pressure, in which
case I do not use the injector but in its place I connect a pipe with the top of the
hollow standard and through this pipe I force in air which passes down and escapes
at the apertures in the arm.
I do not limit myself to a vertical position for the standard. Both standard
and arm may be placed at any angle and capable of revolution in any required
direction.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM WYATT of Ellesmere in the County of Shropshire, Civil Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
USE IN THE PROCESS OF SOFTENING AND PURIFICATION OF WATER and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of an improved apparatus for mixing lime water or other
liquid or liquids to be used as reacting liquids in the said process and for mixing
lime or other solid matter with such reacting liquids.
The apparatus consists of a hollow standard so fixed as to be capable of revolution
on its axis, carried at the ends by any suitable arrangement of plummer blocks or
other bearings Near the bottom or one end of the standard a hollow arm is
attached standing out from the standard at right angles or thereabout―This arm
is perforated with one or more openings.
At the top or other end of the standard is an apparatus constructed so as to act
as an injector-A stream of water is made to pass under pressure through this
injector and by a proper arrangement of parts the stream of water carries along
with it a quantity of air which is drawn in through apertures.
The air and water pass together down the hollow standard and along the arm
till they reach the perforations where they escape causing a more or less violent
ebullition of the liquid by which the arm may be surrounded.
In order to illustrate and explain the action I shall now refer to the accompanying
diagram which is a vertical section of the apparatus
A is the hollow Standard down which the air or air and water are forced-B is
the hollow arm-Provision is made in this arm by means of apertures where
necessary for the escape of the air or air and water.
C is a pipe conveying water under pressure or air as the case may be―D is an
injector by means of which the jet of water under pressure passing through the
nozzle in the upper part E carries down with it a quantity of air drawn in through
apertures in the sides of the bottom portion F. after the manner usual in injectors,
and the escape of the air at the aperture G or other apertures causes an ebullition
in the water or other liquid above the arm by which the particles of lime or other
solid matter are set in motion and made to circulate in the water.
His a lever by means of which the machine may be moved so that the perforated
arm is made to pass over every portion of the floor of the tank.
I. I are joists or girders for supporting the upper end of the hollow standard and
J is a socket confining the lower end.
Instead of forcing in air by means of a stream of water under pressure I may
make use of an air pump or other means of forcing in a sufficient quantity of air.
The form of tank preferable for the purpose is a cylindrical one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
An apparatus for injecting air or a mixture of air and water into a tank con-
taining liquid-The apparatus to be so constructed as to be capable of revolution in
the way shown: for use only in the mixing of lime or other reagents to be subse-
quently used in the process of softening water.