IM- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING.
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julien Louis Courcier, of 51, Rue de Malte, Paris,
in the Empire of France, Oil Manufacturer, for the Invention of." IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING.".
Sealed the 14th March 1865, and dated the 21st September 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julien Louis Courcier at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st September 1864.
I, JULIEN LOUIS COURCIER, of 51, Rue de Malte, Paris, in the Empire of
France, Oil Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is the construction of apparatus for lubricating
shafts and other parts of machinery or apparatus or other articles by means of
oil or other lubricating material.
The apparatus constructed according to these improvements consists of a
vessel or chamber closed at the upper or outer end by a plug or stopper and
open at the other end, at which it terminates in a pipe, spout, or passage;
having a very small orifice at the extremity farthest from the body of the
vessel or chamber. This apparatus is placed over the shaft or other article to
be lubricated, so that the small extremity may be nearest the said shaft or
article, and the vessel or chamber is charged with lubricating material, which
while the shaft or article is working will pass through the aforesaid small

page_text: extremity or orifice to the surface to be. lubricated, and continue to pass till
the vessel or chamber is empty, when by removing the stopper or otherwise it
may be replenished.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Julien Louis Courcier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st March 1865.
TO ALL TO. WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULIEN
LOUIS COURCIER, of 51, Rue de Malte, Paris, in the Empire of France, Oil
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Julien Louis Courcier, Her'special licence that I, the said Julien Louis
Courcier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Julien Louis Courcier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for " IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Julien Louis Courcier, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same. was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julien Louis Courcier, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
The object of my Invention is the construction of apparatus för lubricating
shafts or other articles by means of oil or other lubricating material.
The apparatus constructed according to. my improvements consists of a
vessel or chamber closed at the upper end by a plug or stopper, and terminating

page_text: at the other end in a pipe,, spout, or passage, having an outlet or discharge
orifice at the extremity farthest from the body of the vessel or chamber, the
apparatus being placed over the shaft or article to be lubricated, so that 'such
extremity may be nearest the said shaft or article. The vessel or chamber is
charged with lubricating material, which as long as the shaft or article con
tinués working will pass through the aforesaid discharge orifice or extremity
to the surface to be lubricated..
The accompanying Drawings exemplify the manner in which my Invention
may be carried into effect.
:
I proceed to describe my apparatus as by way of example applied to the
lubricating of a shaft, but it may be applied in precisely similar manner to the
lubricating of other articles.
.3
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Figure 2 a plan of my apparatus ;
Figure 3 is a vertical section of the same, slightly modified as herein;aftér
mentioned; and shewing also the shaft to be lubricated, which is marked M.;
My lubricating apparatus is thus constructed-A is a vessel or chamber
supplied with the oil or other lubricating material, which to avoid repetition I
herein-after call oil only. This vessel or chamber is tightly closed at its
upper end by a 'plug or stopper B, through which passes a, pipe b, intended
for admitting air into the chamber A; the air entering in bubbles as fast as
the oil escapes. The vessel A terminates at bottom in a pipe C, which forms
the outlet through which the oil drops or is discharged from the vessel A'to
the shaft M. The pipe C is fitted at its lower end with a thin concave plug
through which a very small hole c¹ is formed for the passage of the oil, P is
the cap of the plummer block or bearing in which the shaft M revolves.
The vessel A is fixed in such position that its pipe C passes through the cap P,
and extends to or almost to the shaft M, so that the lower end c¹ of the pipe
is in contact or nearly in contact with the shaft. The air pipe 6 passes through
the discharge pipe C nearly to the bottom end thereof, as shewn in Figure 1,
the escape of oil being regulated by the depth to which the pipe b thus extends
in the pipe C, that is to say, the greater the depth to which the pipe b descends;
the less will be the discharge or outflow of oil; there are two reasons for this,
the first is, because there is no admittance of air into the vessel A except
through the lower end of the pipe b, and because the oil escapes through
the end c¹ of the pipe C, the outflow of oil will be in proportion to the pressure
of the column of oil comprised between the points b', c'. The second reason
is, that as the external diameter of the pipe b is very little less than the internal
diameter of the pipe C, a capillary action is exerted, which impedes the flow
of the oil, and the more so on account of its viscidity; in consequence the
b

page_text: oil trickles down slowly, so as to wet the. inside of the pipe C, and form into
drops at c; each drop so formed is carried off-by-the shaft M as it revolves,
so that when the shaft stops, the discharge of oil ceases. This is an important
feature resulting from my Invention. The pipe. b may be fixed into the
stopper B, or it may be free to be slidden up and down therein, so as to be
adjustable, as in Figure 3, in order to allow of the escape of oil being regulated
by raising or lowering the pipe b in the stopper B. I sometimes dispense
with the stopper at the bottom of the pipe C, as shewn in Figure 3, the
apparatus acting, however, precisely as above described. The pipe C may be
cemented into the bottom of the vessel A, or, it may be soldered or screwed
into a metal bush D fixed in the bottom of the vessel A, as shewn-in-Figure:3,
or it may be fastened therein by any ordinary means of attachment.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same may be performed, I declare that I claim as of my Invention, an
apparatus for lubricating, in which is a vessel, chamber, or reservoir intended
to contain lubricating material, and closed by a stopper, through which is a
pipe passing through the said material to near the bottom of the discharge
pipe for admitting air as described, and regulating the discharge of the
lubricating material, such discharge pipe extending to or nearly to the surface
of the article to be lubricated, so that the latter, while working or moving,
produces the discharge of the lubricating material, and stops such discharge
when it ceases to work or move, all substantially in the manner and for the
purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julien Louis Courcier, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five..
Witness,
⚫ BRESSON, F.
J. L. COURCIER. (L.S.)