IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HOISTING AND LOWERING BUILDING AND OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Law, of Surfleet, and Marmaduke Ben-
nison, of Sleaford, both in the County of Lincoln, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HOISTING AND LOWERING BUILDING
AND OTHER MATERIAL."
Sealed the 1st August 1871, and dated the 15th May 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Law and Mar-
maduke Bennison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 15th May 1871.
We, JOSEPH LAW, of Surfleet, and MARMADUKE BENNISON, of Sleaford,
both in the County of Lincoln, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HOISTING AND LOWERING
BUILDING AND OTHER MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate chiefly to the construction of an apparatus
to be fitted to the outside or the inside of a building to be erected for
the purpose of raising and lowering the material, but it is available for
other purposes, such as raising and lowering coal and mineral from
mines, quarries, and other places.

page_text: We arrange a drum upon a horizontal shaft, to which motion is
communicated by horse or other power through bevil gearing from a
vertical shaft in any suitable manner. The horizontal shaft has two
loose pinions on it, and either of these can be thrown into and out of
gear by a clutch and lever as desired. The hauling rope or chain is
lashed round the drum to obtain a sufficient bite upon it, and the outer
ends are attached to cages, which rise and fall alternately in fixed
standards. These cages are formed with open ends, so that barrows or
trollys can be run into and from them, and they have guide 1ollerson
their sides to steady them in their movements. There is a chamber
under the flooring of the cages for the fitting of spring levers and
catches, so that they can be retained at any part of the lift for loading
and unloading, the catches taking on to fixed stops when the levers are
released, and we arrange a break strap on the drum to regulate the
descent of the cages when material or goods are being lowered. We
propose that the power employed should always travel in the same
direction, but it may move in both directions if found convenient, the
clutch being so arranged that either pinion can be thrown into and out
of gear or allowed to run idle. One of the cages has a small drum upon
it to take up the spare rope or chain, and this can be unwound as the
building increases in height and when other standards or uprights are
fitted to the fixed ones to lengthen them..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Law and Marmaduke Bennison in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th November 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
LAW, of Surfleet, and MARMADUKE BENNISON, of Sleaford, both in the
County of Lincoln, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Joseph Law and Marmaduke Ben-
nison, Her special licence that we, the said Joseph Law and Marmaduke
Bennison, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as

page_text: we, the said Joseph Law and Marmaduke Bennison, our executors
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR HOISTING AND LOWERING BUILDING AND OTHER MATERIAL," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Law and
Marmaduke Bennison, or one of us, our executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Law and Marmaduke
Bennison, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
Our improvements relate chiefly to the construction of apparatus, as
shown in the accompanying Drawings, which can be arranged or fitted
to the outside or the inside of a building to be erected for the purpose
of raising and lowering the material, but it is available for other purposes,
such as raising and lowering coal and material from mines, quarries,
and other places.
We arrange a drum a, as in Figures 1, 2, and 3, upon a horizontal
shaft b, to which motion is communicated by horse or other power
through bevil gearing c and a vertical shaft in any suitable manner. The
horizontal shaft 6 has two loose pinions d, d, on it, and either of these
can be thrown into and out of gear by a clutch e and lever fas desired.
The hauling rope or chain g is preferably lashed round the drum a to
obtain a sufficient bite upon it, or it may be attached to it by a staple
or otherwise, and the outer ends h, h, are attached to cages i, i, which
are free to rise and fall alternately in fixed standards or uprights j,j.
These cages are formed with open ends, so that barrows or trollys can
be run into and from them, and they may be guided between projecting
lips k, k, on the uprights, or by rollers on their sides, as seen in Figure 4,

page_text: to steady them in their movements. The uprights are braced at intervals,
and are so arranged that additional lengths can be attached to increase
the height as the building increases, the extra length of rope or chain
being unwound from a roller 7 fitted on the top of one of the cages,
where it is kept in reserve, and upon which the rope or chain can be
rewound as the building decreases in height, or to the lesser height to
which the material has to be raised or lowered from. The rope or chain
after leaving the drum a passes under rollers m, m, and then up to
other rollers n, n, supported upon the cross bars o, o, at the top of the
apparatus, the rigidity of the framing being ensured by the struts p, p.
The cages have a double bottom as in Figure 4, and the spaces are more
or less occupied by lever bolts or catches q, q, which project and take
into holes or notches provided for them at intervals in the uprights for
the purpose of retaining the cages at any height, such as would be
necessary at the first or second floor of a house under erection, to enable
the barrows or trollies to be wheeled out and the material contained in
them to be deposited at the spot required by hand. The catch bolts 9, 9,
are acted upon by springs to keep them clear of the notches, unless
when pulled upon by a cord 8, so that the cages travel up or down freely
when the cords is not drawn down by hand to overcome the tension of
the springs. The bevil pinions are so arranged that either or both of
them can be thrown out of gear to reverse the motion or to permit of
the full cage being lowered with expedition, the speed being regulated
by the break strapt by a depression of the handle u.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 show a modified arrangement of mechanism by
which the cages can be raised or lowered by steam, horse, or hand
power, according to the agency or the means nearest to the spot or
position upon which the apparatus has to be used or placed. The drum
shaft 6 can in this case be driven by vertical gearing, as first mentioned,
in connection with the universal joint v, by a strap from an engine being
placed over the "rigger" w, or by the winch handle shaft x, or by the
three combined, as desired. The lower parts of the cages in these views
are not double bottomed, and the catches are arranged at the sides by
tall hand levers, by which they can be thrown into and out of action
with the notches when necessary. The upper part of the frame or
uprights has a double lever y, the free ends of which are alternately
lifted by the cages, when they have been raised high enough in order
to draw upon a cord z which passes over pullies and is led down to the

page_text: clutch handle to disengage it automatically, or to that and the break
band to not only stop the motion but to prevent the load descending
before the spring stop bolt is released.
In the foregoing Figures ordinary clutches are represented, but the
improved cone clutch shown in Figure 8 can be employed with advan-
tage in the apparatus before described, thereby obviating the sudden
shocks being given to the teeth or jaws at each change of motion; the
bite in this case is gradually increased as the cone 1 is inserted in the
cup 2 by the hand lever in a manner well understood.
The arrangements of mechanism herein-before referred to can be
usefully employed in warehouses, hotels, malt kilns, and other places
for raising or lowering goods of any kind, or by slightly altering the
shape and size of the cages they can be used for shifting workpeople
to or from the different floors of a building.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,--
1st. The apparatus as herein-before described and shown in Figures 1,
2, and 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
2ndly. The employment of cages with double bottom as in Figure 4,
between which spring bolts or catches are arranged in the manner and
for the purposes set forth.
3rdly. The modification of the mechanism as shown in Figures 5, 6,
and 7, when employed in the manner and for the purposes described.
And, 4thly. We claim the cone clutch shown in Figure 8 when used
in connection with the apparatus herein-before fully described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Marmaduke Bennison, for myself
and on behalf of the said Joseph Law, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of November One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-one.
M BENNISON