IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bernhard Samuelson, of Britannia Works, Banbury, in
the County of Oxford, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING
MACHINES." A communication from abroad by C. W. Marsh, of Sycamore,
Illinois, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bernhard Samuelson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1880.
BERNHARD SAMUELSON, of Britannia Works, Banbury, in the County of Oxford.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by
C. W. Marsh, of Sycamore, Illinois, United States of America.
The object of the Invention is to collect the crop after it is cut, and to bind the
grain by mechanical means at or near the centre of the bundle before it is delivered
on the ground, and I effect this by the following combination and arrangement of
parts: I cause the cut crop to be delivered by a reel on to a platform at the rear of
the cutter bar; this platform bas an apron or endless chain, by preference the latter.
These chains cause the crop to be moved sideways, that is, at right angles to the
path of the machine, and to be brought under the control of a compressing and
binding apparatus placed between the platform and the travelling or driving wheel.
The sheaf is collected and held at or about the same level as the platform until it is
bound, after which it is thrown on to the ground below the binding apparatus, that
is to say, between the platform and the travelling wheel, by means of a kicker or
discharging arm, forming part of or in combination with the said apparatus.
In carrying out this Invention an incline is provided at the inner end of the
carrier platform, and a series of teeth is arranged between such incline and the
binding platform for separating and retarding the flow of the grain; a crank and
spring arm or bar are also provided for operating the retaining or grain holding
arm, and a segmental rack operated automatically is employed for moving the
grain or bundle discharging arms. The grain platform is adjusted by means of a
double threaded screw and an engaging nut or clutch, a lever and connecting link
or rod being employed for operating the nut or clutch. Clutch gear and levers for
throwing them in or out of gear simultaneously are also provided to stop the
cutting and binding operations at the same time, and a foot lever and connecting

page_text: rods or links and fork are used for stopping the movement of the binding mechanism
independently of the other parts.
The grain is forced beneath flexible or spring arms or bars, so as to compact the
same in its passage to the binding mechanism. This mechanism comprizes an
intermittent revolving arm for carrying the wire around the bundle, and separating
the gravel from the flowing grain, and a retaining arm operating in conjunction
with the wire arm to receive, compress, and form the bundle into shape, two pins
or projections arranged on the wire arms being provided to engage and carry the
binding wire around the bundle, and to release the wire as the twisting operation
is performed. The wire arm and binding devices are operated by a train of
gearing so arranged that the one which drives the shaft of the wire arm shall stop
during the operation of twisting and severing the binding wire. The stop wheel is
provided with a shoe or cam arranged to engage with an incline and flange on a
continuously revolving wheel for starting the stop wheel after the bundle is bound.
The driving pinion is fitted with a sliding clutch for making the engagement
between the pinion and its shaft, a lever being provided, arranged to engage with
an incline on the driving pinion for withdrawing the sliding clutch and stopping
the movement of the binding mechanism. The stop wheel and continually
revolving wheel are moreover so arranged that both are driven from the same
driving pinion. A curved sliding arm is provided, arranged in such a manner as to
descend and discharge the bundle when the binding wire is severed, both the
retaining arm and the discharging arm being operated automatically at the proper
times by means of the continuously revolving wheel, which is provided with a cam
groove and operates through the intervention of a crank shaft and connecting bars
and links. It is proposed to support and operate the discharging arm on the shaft
of the wire arm, and to provide the continuously revolving wheel with devices for
automatically operating the twisting and cutting mechanism, the said devices being
so arranged as to be operative when the wire arin is stopped, and inoperative when
the wire arm is revolving.
The mechanism is supported upon a moveable frame located between the driving
wheel and receiving platform, whereby the mechanism can be adjusted to bind grain
of different lengths.
The Invention comprizes the following features, viz.:-
The employment of an incline located on the carrier platform in front of the
binding arm, in combination with such platform for retarding the flow of the
grain.
Also the employment of an incline and bridge, in combination with a carrier
platform and grain binding platform.
Also the employment of an incline located on the carrier platform, in combination
with a binding or wire arm located and arranged relatively to each other, so that a
separation of the grain will be made by the arm at the top of the incline.
Also the use of a retaining arm having an extension, in combination with a crank
or arm and a yielding connection.
Also the use of a pinion and reciprocating rack operated by the wheel of the
binding mechanism, in combination with the bundle discharging arms for raising
and lowering the arms.
Also a lever with a roller and projection, in combination with a flange having a
depressed portion for operating the arm or lever and reciprocating the rack.
Also a foot treadle, connecting rod, and crank rod, in combination with a link fork
and sliding clutch for stopping the movement of the binding mechanism.
Also a cam lever in combination with other arms or levers, forks, and sliding
clutch gears for simultaneously stopping the movement of the binding and cutting
mechanism.
Also a screw having a right and left hand thread, and a clutch or nut, in
combination with a moveable binding platform for adjusting the platform by the
driving mechanism of the binding devices.
Also a moveable binding platform in combination with a double screw nut or

page_text: clutch rod or link and lever for operating the nut or clutch to move the platform
forward or back or allow it to remain stationary.
Also a support located on the carrier platform frame, and projecting forward of
the line of cut, whereby the front sill of the binder frame will be projected forward
out of the way of the butts of moving grain.
Also the employment of an automatic grain binder, having its binding platform
and devices located between the carrier platform and the main or driving wheel at
the inner end of the carrier platform, and supported by a lever or main frame and
an upper or secondary frame arranged relatively to each other, so that the secondary
frame is carried forward of the main frame at or near the heel of the sickle, beyond
the line of cut of the sickle, for the passage of the butts of the grain.
Also the use of a bar or platform located between the binding platform and the
main or driving wheel, and projecting inward to receive the butt end of the bound
bundle when discharged.
Also arms or dischargers located relatively to the binding platform so as to over-
hang such platform, and operating to push or carry the grain from the platform
when bound, and to clear themselves from the bundle when rising.
Also the combination with an adjustable grain binding platform of a double
threaded screw operating to carry the platform forward or back as it is caused to
rotate in a direction to move the platforin in the desired direction.
Also in combination with an automatic adjustable and detachable grain binder
located between the main or driving wheel and the grain receiving platform chains
provided with teeth, and a flexible packing arm for delivering the grain to the
binding mechanism in a compact form.
Also the employment of an intermittent revolving arm when used in connection
with a twisting and a cutting mechanism, the said arm being provided with a sharp
point and broad shank for making a clean separation between the flowing grain
and the gavel.
Also the combination of an intermittent wire arm with a retaining arm, whereby
the gavel will be separated from the flowing grain and compressed into shape for
binding or chopping purposes.
Also the combination of the intermittent revolving wire arm, retaining arm, and
a twisting and a cutting mechanism with a discharging arm, whereby bundles
bound or unbound will be discharged between the main wheel and the binding
mechanism.
Also the combination with a binding mechanism of a discharging arm located
upon the driving shaft of the wire arm, and operating to descend and force the
bundle from the binding table.
Also the combination of chains provided with teeth and operating in the receiving
platform, the wire arm, retaining arm, discharging arm, and twisting and wire
cutting mechanism.
and
Also a wheel provided with a cam groove, and a bar provided with a roller, in
combination with a shaft provided with cranks, a bar or link retaining arm,
discharging arm for operating the arms.
Also the combination of a pinion and a mechanism for driving the same with a
wheel carrying devices for operating the twister and cutter, and the stop wheel
operating the wire arm, whereby the revolution of the arm will be stopped while
the twisting and cutting is being performed.
Also the stop wheel provided with a stop and shoe in combination with the
driving pinion, and a wheel provided with a flange and projection for stopping and
starting the wire arm.
Also the driving pinion and wheel provided with the external and internal
cogged segments, in combination with wheels, shafts, and devices for operating the
twister and cutter.
Also the wheel provided with the external and internal cogged segments when
used in combination with the intermittent revolving arm, the said segments operating
the twisting and cutting mechanism while the wire arm is on its stop.

page_text: Also the wheel provided with external and internal cogged segments for operating
the twisting and cutting mechanism, and with a cam groove for operating the
retaining and discharging arms, whereby the several mechanisms will be operated
from the same wheel.
Also a lever in combination with the pinion provided with the incline projection
and a sliding clutch collar for disengaging the clutch and stopping the movements
of the binder.
Also a twisting hook having a portion which grasps and twists the strands of
wire together, formed in a curved and twisted horn shape, used in combination
with the intermittent revolving wire arm.
Also the wheel provided with the cogged segment and flange, in combination
with the wheel provided with the stop, a shaft, crank, and loop for operating the
cutting blade at the proper time and preventing movement thereof while the bundle
is being formed.
Also a moveable frame carrying the binding mechanism in combination with a
stationary receiving platform and chains provided with teeth, whereby the binding
mechanism can be adjusted for grain of different lengths.
Also in combination with an automatic grain binding mechanism located at the
end of the receiving platform, and having a space between the main or driving
wheel and the binding mechanism for the passage of the bound bundle to the ground,
the employment of a plate or shield for preventing the bundle from falling in the
line of travel of the main or driving wheel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Bernhard Samuelson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th
August 1880.
BERNHARD SAMUELSON, of Britannia Works, Banbury, in the County of Oxford.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HARVESTING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by
C. W. Marsh, of Sycamore, Illinois, United States of America.
The said Invention relates to that class of grain binders in which the grain is
bound at the inner end of the platform on which it falls when cut, but some of the
devices can be applied to other forms of binders. Other objects of the Invention
are to separate and compact the grain for the bundle, so as to deliver the grain in
proper condition to be bound; to improve the construction and operation of the
binding mechanism and adapt it to bind grain of different lengths; to improve the
manner of operating the several parts from the main or driving wheel so as to have
the machine under the control of the driver or operator in all of its parts, and to
avoid the necessity of lifting the grain over the driving wheel before being bound.
Some of the devices are also applicable to other forms of binders.
According to one part of the said Invention an incline is provided at the inner
end of the carrier platform, and a series of teeth is arranged between such incline
and the binding platform for separating and retarding the flow of the grain. A
crank and spring arm or bar are also provided for operating the retaining or grain
holding arm, and a segmental rack operated automatically is employed for moving
the grain or bundle discharging arms. The grain platform is adjusted by means of
a double threaded screw and an engaging nut or clutch, a lever and connecting
link or rod being employed for operating the nut or clutch. Clutch gear and levers
for throwing them in or out of gear simultaneously are also provided to stop the
cutting and binding operations at the same time, and a foot lever and connecting
rods or links and fork are used for stopping the movement of the binding mechanism
independently of the other parts.
According to another part of the said Invention the apparatus is arranged in the
following manner:-The grain is forced beneath flexible or spring arms or bars so as
to be compact the same in its passage to the binding mechanism. This mechanism
comprises an intermittent revolving arm for carrying the wire around the bundle
and separating the gavel from the flowing grain, and a retaining arm operating in
conjunction with the wire arm to receive, compress, and form the bundle into shape,
two pins or projections arranged on the wire arms being provided to engage and
carry the binding wire around the bundle and to release the wire as the twisting
operation is performed. The wire arm and binding devices are operated by a train
of gearing so arranged that the wheel which drives the shaft of the wire arm shall
stop during the operation of twisting and severing the binding wire. The stop
wheel is provided with a shoe or cam arranged to engage with an incline and flange
on a continuously revolving wheel for starting the stop wheel after the bundle is
bound. The driving pinion is fitted with a sliding clutch for making the engage-
ment between the pinion and its shaft, a lever being provided arranged to engage
with an incline on the driving pinion for withdrawing the sliding clutch and.
stopping the movement of the binding mechanism. The stop wheel and continually
revolving wheel are moreover so arranged that both are driven from the same
driving pinion. A curved sliding arm is provided, arranged in such a manner as to
descend and discharge the bundle when the binding wire is severed, both the
retaining arm and the discharging arm being operated automatically at the proper
times by means of the continuously revolving wheel, which is provided with a cam
groove, and operates through the intervention of a crank shaft and connecting bars
and links. The discharging arm is supported and operated on the shaft of the wire
arm, and the continuously revolving wheel is provided with devices for automatically

page_text: operating the twisting and cutting mechanism, the said devices being so arranged
as to be operative when the wire arm is stopped, and inoperative when the wire
arm is revolving. The mechanism is supported upon a moveable frame located
between the driving wheel and receiving platform, whereby the mechanism can be
adjusted to bind grain of different lengths.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the
several Figures on the annexed Sheets of Drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Sheets 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings illustrate the first part of the said
Invention; and Sheet 3 illustrates the second part of the said Invention.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a plan of a machine constructed in accordance with the
said Invention.
Figure 2, an enlarged plan of that portion of the machine which carries the
binding device. .
Figure 3, a longitudinal section, with the carrier platform, reel, and cutting devices
removed.
Figure 4, a rear view, with the carrier platform broken off and reel and its devices
removed.
Figure 5, Sheet 2, is an end elevation.
Figure 6, a detail of the driving wheel and devices for adjusting the binder in place.
Figure 7, a detail of the binder adjusting devices in elevation.
Figures 8 and 9, details of the binding holders and discharging arms.
Figure 10, a detail of the clutch gears for driving the sickle and binding
devices.
•
Figure 11, a detail of the wire carrying device.
Figure 12, a detail showing a three way bearing.
Figure 13, a detail of a sliding or adjustable platform on which the grain is bound.
Figures 14 and 15, details of grain stopping devices at the inner end of the
carrier platform.
Figure 1, Sheet 3, is a plan of a machine embodying the improvements which
form the subject of the second part of the said Invention.
Figure 2, an end elevation.
Figure 3, a longitudinal section taken along the line 1, 1, of Figure 1.
Figure 4, a longitudinal section taken along the line 2, 2, Figure 1.
Figure 5, a detail of the twisting and cutting devices.
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, details of the cam wheel and driving pinion.
Figures 10, 11, and 12, details of the cam and stop wheels.
Referring to Sheets 1 and 2 of the Drawings, A, A, represents the front and a
rear beam of the lower or carrier frame; A¹, carrier platform; A", grain carrying
belts or chains; A¹¹¹, end board; A*, divider; A5, back board; Aº, sickle and its
guard. These parts may be of any of the well known forms of construction for
such parts in machines having only a lower or carrier platform to receive the grain
as it is cut and deliver it to the place to be bound, which place is located between the
inner end of such carrier platform and the driving wheel. These parts are arranged
and operate in the usual manner, except that the outer end of the back board A
has a slot or opening a to receive a pin a' which enters a series of holes all in the
tend board A", so that such outer end can be adjusted to conform to the position
of we inner end, which is attached to or connected with the adjustable grain binding
platform; B, B, front and rear beams of elevated frame, and B¹, B, B1, B4, cross
beams forming the frame work for supporting the binding mechanism and other
appliances of the complete machine. This frame work may be of any construction
suitable for the purpose. B' are supports or posts upon which the upper frame
work or cross beams rest, or to which they are attached, as shewn, the posts at the
forward sides project above the frame and form supports for the reel; Be are
spring arms attached at one end to the frame piece B₁ and extending over the
grain binding platform. These arms are so bent or formed as to hold the grain

page_text: a
down as it is carried beneath them to the place where bound and to assist in
compacting it into shape; C is a platform or incline on the grain carrier platform,
near its inner end, and extending across such platform so as to be in front of the
opening in the grain binding platform for the binding arm, whether such opening
is adjusted for binding long or short grain. This platform is sufficiently wide and
is arranged to occupy the space traversed by the opening in adjusting the platform
for binding, and its length and inclination is such as to allow the grain to be forced
up its face by the platform chains or belts, and present sufficient resistance to retard
the forward movement of the grain and enable it to be straightened somewhat by
the action of the chains or belts; C₁ is an inclined piece a little wider than the
opening in binding platform, and leading from such opening to the upper edge of
the incline C; this piece is attached to the binding platform so as to be in line
with the opening thereon, but is not connected with the incline C, so that when the
platform for binding is moved back and forth this piece C¹ will be moved also.
This piece C¹ on its upper face is corrugated or toothed, and these corrugations or
teeth b act as stops to hold the inflowing grain while the grain for the bundle
is being separated therefrom by the binding arm. The binding arm and the
platforin C are so arranged relatively to each other that the binding arm will make
its separation at the open or inner edge of the incline so as to enable a clean
separation to be made; C" is the binding platform having an opening c near its
forward end for the passage of the binding arm.
It is located at the inner end of
the carrier platform between the front and rear beams A, and its length is such as
to leave a space at its end to allow it to be moved forward and back; C are cross
beams which support the platform C, which on its sides has grooves c¹ which
receive tongues c¹¹ on the cross beams, as shown in Figures 3, 8, 9, and allow the
platform to slide back and forth; C is a standard or support on the rear end
of C for the driving wheels which operate the binding arm and twisting and
cutting devices; C is a cross bar attached to the support C and projecting each
side thereof; C is a bar one end of which is attached to the end of the bar C³ by:
set screw d, the other end is bent at right angles and has an opening to receive the
rode, which rod is located on top of the cross bar B1 in suitable supports_or
brackets e and forms a support on which that end of the bar C can slide. The
angle end of this bar C has an upward projecting portion f, to the upper end of
which is pivotted a head or block f¹ which carries a grooved wheel fil, as shewn
in Figure 3, and the end which receives the screw or pin d has a slot d¹, see
Figure 11, through which d passes, by means of which the bar C can be adjusted so
as to bring the grooved wheel ƒ³ in line properly with the binding arm; D is
the binding arm, it is attached to the shaft D" by means of a set screw, or in
any other suitable manner, so that it can be adjusted to any desired position and
revolves with the shaft; it is bent or curved, as shewn in Figures 8 and 9, so as
to give it the proper shape, and its lower end is straight so as to form a point
which will enter the grain at the platform C and make a separation of the grain
for the bundle from the flowing grain which will be clean and effectual; D' is
the retaining arm hung loosely on the shaft D11 between the binding arm and
5 a set nut g. This arm is bent or curved, as shewn in Figures 8 and 9, and is of
such length that its point when the arm is down will rest on or be in contact, or
nearly so, with the inner edges or side of the platform C¹. The curve of this arm is
such as that the concave side will be towards the delivery of the grain, and it is
so arranged and operated that it will be held down while the binding arm is
carrying the bundle into position for binding, so that such bundle will be formed
and compressed between it and the binding arm; D¹¹ is the driving shaft for the
binding arm supported at one end on a suitable bearing on the cross beam B', and
at the other end by the standard or support C in a suitable bearing; D is an
extension on arm of the retainer and compresser D¹ bent or curved so as to project
5 above and to the rear of the shaft D", and having on its outer end a head or
support h; D is a pin or slide, the main portion of which is round and enters an
opening in the head h. One end of this slide D* is enlarged so as to form a head h'

page_text: which has a slot cut therein, and the other end projects some distance beyond the
head h, and around it and between the head h and a pin or other device h" is a
coiled spring h", which makes the connection a yielding one, so that no breakage
can occur from undue strain on the retaining arm D or slide D*, as the head h can
slide on D', or D' can slide in the head h. The spring h" prevents the arm D¹
from being forced out of position in compressing a bundle in ordinary use; D³ is a
connecting bar or link; De is a crank or arm firmly attached to the shaft E' by
means of a set screw, or in any other suitable manner. One end of the link D is
pivoted in the slot in the head h¹, and the other end is pivoted or attached to the
end of the crank D, and this crank and the end of the link attached thereto, as
shown, are each provided with a series of holes for adjusting the parts to give the
required length of movement to the retainer or compressor D'. E are the discharging
arms for removing the bundle when bound; they are firmly attached to the shaft E¹
by set screws or other devices, so that they can be properly adjusted; as shewn,
one of these arms has an extension which forms the crank. De for operating the
compressor. These arms E are so arranged and operated that they will be raised
until the bundle is bound, and will descend and remove the bound bundle from the
table, and discharge it between the table and the main or driving wheel as the
binding arm commences its revolution to gather and comprise the next bundle.
These arms are located so as to pass cach side of the arm D, and their length is such
that they overhang the platform, so that their points will engage the bundle
sufficiently far back to ensure its removal, and they are bent or curved so as to
have a concave portion for the bundle to be carried on; E' is a shaft supported at
one end by the cross bar B, and at the other in the end of the bar C. Both of
the shafts D and E¹ project beyond the cross bar B', so that they can slide back
and forth in their respective bearings; E" is a toothed wheel; E1 is a segmental
rack; E is an arm or support for the rack; E, the arm or lever for moving the
arm E. The wheel E¹¹ is securely attached to the end of the shaft E³, and its cogs
or teeth engage with the cogs or teeth of the segmental rack E11, which rack is
formed on the outer end of the arm or support E, the inner end of which is
pivoted at to the support C, and has an arm or lever E³ extending down
therefrom of a triangular form, one side of the triangle being longer than the
other. To the short arm or side of this lever E' is journalled a small roller j, and
the long arm or side has a projection or shed 7 on its inner face; F, F¹, F¹¹, are
the gear wheels for driving the binding mechanism. The wheel F is supported on
a suitable journal on the frame C, and the wheel F is attached to the end of the
shaft D, so as to drive the shaft and operate the binding on wire arm, and as
shewn is located above the wheel F and inside thereof. Both wheels F, F¹, are
driven by the wheel or pinion F1 suitably located for that purpose. The relative
number of cogs in these wheels is such that to make a complete revolution of the
wheel F the pinion F has to make one more revolution than for the wheel F',
during which time the wheel F¹ does not revolve, and in order to stop this wheel Fi
a portion of the cogs are cut out and a stop is located on the face of the wheel
where the cogs are removed, so arranged as to engage with the flange on the inner
end of the pinion, and to start the wheel the adjacent faces of the wheels F, F¹,
are provided with projections which engage each other at the proper time to cause
the wheel F to impart motion to the wheel F¹.
On the outer face of the wheel F is a projecting flange jill having a depressed or
sunken portion j, see Figure 3. The wheel j comes in contact with the outer side
of this flange ji and sides thereon. Projecting out from the face of the wheel F
is a pin or stud, which carries an antifriction roller " with which the stud or pin j'
can engage, and this roller ¹¹ is so located with reference to the depression that
when the wheel j. descends therein the pin will strike the roller j" and remain
in contact therewith while the roller or wheel j is in the depression, which
engagement causes the triangle E³ to carry the rack E1 down and rotate the
wheel El so as to operate the discharging arms to discharge the bound bundle.
F is the shaft for the pinion F1 suitably journalled in the support C and rear

page_text: frame piece B, its end projecting beyond the frame piece sufficiently to allow the
binding mechanism to be adjusted to different positions. F is a double sprocket
wheel secured to the shaft F1 so as to allow the shaft to slide back and forth.
The outer sprocket wheel is for the chain which rotates the shaft F, and the inner
for the chain which operates the roller of the carrier chains A". F³ is a guard to
hold the sprocket wheel F in position and to support the outer projecting end of
the shaft F1 The sprocket wheel is located on the shaft between this guard and
the frame piece B. Fe is an ordinary driving chain. G is a double threaded or
right and left hand screw secured at its inner end in any suitable manner to the
outer face of the wheel F at the centre, and extending from such wheel outward
through the support B5 for the rear frame piece B. G' is a nut or clutch having a
central opening k for the passage of G somewhat larger than the diameter G, on
each side of which are lips k' which form threads for operating the screw. These
lips k', as shown, are not in the same plane, and are so arranged that by engaging
the lips on one side with the screw thread the revolving of the wheel F will carry
the screw inward and move the binding platforms and binding mechanism forward,
and by causing the other lip to engage the opposite screw thread a reverse movement
will be given to the screw by the wheel F, and the binding platform and mechanism
will be moved backward when the proper position forward or back is reached; by
placing the nut or clutch so that neither lip is engaged with the screw threads no
movement of the screw will take place and the binding platform and mechanism
will remain stationary. This nut or clutch has its arm or lever pivoted at K¹¹¹ to
the frame piece B, and is held in position at its lower end by a guard or catch
suitably formed secured to the support B5, as shewn in Figure 7. The arm or lever
extends above the frame as shown. G is a connecting rod or link, one end of
which is connected with the upper end of the arm or lever, and the other with a
hand lever. G1 is a hand lever pivoted at its lower end to the frame piece B and
extending up so as to be within reach of the driver when mounted on his seat.
G' is a rack or stand secured to the frame piece B. It has three notches or
openings to receive a lug or projection on the lever G, which openings are
so arranged that when the lever is locked in the central one the nut or clutch G¹
will not engage the screw G, but when locked in either of the other holes the nut
or clutch will be thrown into engagement with either the right or left hand threads
of the screw, as desired, to move the binding mechanism into proper position. His
a foot lever; H¹ is a rod or connecting link; H" is a crank rod; H¹¹¹ is a
connecting rod or link; H is a fork; H³ is a sliding clutch; He is a support or
bracket. The foot lever H is suitably pivoted or supported at the bottom of the
driver's seat so that he can press on it with his foot. To its upper end is attached
one end of the rod or link H¹ which extends back and is attached to the upper end
of the crank of the rod H", which rod as shewn extends across the frame back of
the driving wheel and is connected with one end of the rod or link H, the
opposite end of which is supported in a bracket or hanger H6 on the frame C* or
the bar C. The fork His securely attached to the rod H in proper position to
engage the clutch H³, which clutch is keyed or otherwise fastened to the shaft F111
so that it can slide thereon, and its inner end enters an opening in the end of the
pinion F¹¹, and is provided with teeth or serrations which engage corresponding
teeth or serrations in the pinion, so that when the clutch and pinion are engaged
the pinion will revolve with the shaft F11, but when disengaged the shaft will
revolve without driving the pinion. In order to disengage the clutch and pinion
the driver places his foot on the lever H and presses it down, which action carries
the crank of the rod H¹ forward and rocks the rods or links H", H, whereby the
clutch is thrown out when the lever H is released; a spring located on the
shaft F between the clutch H5 and a pin through the shaft throws the clutch into
engagement with the pinion F", and this spring maintains the two engaged except
when the clutch is forced back. By this arrangement the driver can at any time
stop the movement of the binding mechanism by pressing on the lever H. I is the
driver's seat; 1', the support for the seat; I", the foot rest. These parts are of

page_text: the usual construction for such parts located and arranged in any suitable manner.
J, the main or driving wheel; J, the driving wheel axle; J, the supports or
bearings for the axle, which parts are constructed, arranged, and operate in the
usual manner for such parts. K is a spur wheel; K¹ is a pinion or small spur wheel;
K, a shaft; K, a double mitre wheel. The wheel K is located on the driving
wheel shaft or axle outside of the driving wheel, and gears with and drives the
wheel or pinion K' on the inner end of the shaft K¹, which shaft is supported in a
bearing attached to the under side of the cross or end beam B¹ of the frame between
which and the cross beam B¹¹ the driving wheel J is located, the supports J" being
attached to such cross beams in any suitable manner. The wheel K is located on
the outer end of the shaft K¹¹, and has an inner and outer series of teeth, as shown in
Figure 10, and is in fact a double mitre wheel; L is a clutch gear; L', a fork;
L₁, an arm or lever; L1, the shaft for driving the sickle; L, the crank; L³, the
pitman. The clutch L has at one end a mitre wheel which engages with
the outer series of teeth or wheel of the wheel K111, and this end of the clutch
is loose upon the shaft L111, so that when the clutch is disengaged it will
revolve without driving the shaft. The other portion of the clutch is attached
to the shaft L by a feather or otherwise, so as to slide on the shaft
and revolve therewith, and it is slid back and forth by the fork L', the lower
end of which engages with it, and its upper end is pivoted to the cross beam B¹,
and has an arm or lever L¹¹ extending out at right angles therefrom, as shown in
Figure 5. The shaft L is supported in bearings at each end, and has a crank L*
on its forward end, which operates a pitman L and drives the sickle, these parts
being constructed and operating in the usual manner for such parts. M. is a clutch
gear on the other side of the wheel K, arranged to gear with the inner or smaller
wheel of the said double mitre wheel; M¹, a fork; M, an arm or lever; M111, the
operating cam lever; M*, the shaft for driving the chain Fe; M³, the sprocket wheel
for the chain F. These parts represented by the letters M, M¹, M", are similar to
the parts L, L, L", with which they correspond, and the arms or levers L¹, M",
project toward each other, so that their inner ends overlap with the end of M¹¹ on
top. The lever M" is pivoted to the cross piece B¹ so as to be in reach of the
driver, and its lower end is cam shaped, and rests on the top of the arm M", as
shewn in Figure 5. The shaft M' is supported in suitable bearings at each end,
and the wheel M* is located on its outer or near end. By raising the lever Mill
the cam on its lower end will act to depress the arm M", and this arm resting on
the arın L will depress such arm, and as these arms are depressed the forks M², L',
will be carried outward, which movement of the arms will release the clutches
M, L, and allow the toothed wheels thereon to revolve without imparting motion
to the shafts M, L, so that the movement of the cutting and binding devices will
be stopped, and this stoppage will be simultaneous for both devices, and will be
accomplished by the use of a single lever which is under the control of the driver
or operator. N is the bearing for the shaft K", N¹, N¹¹, N¹, N*, the bearings for
the shaft L, M. The bearings N, N', N", are made in a single piece in the form
shewn in Figure 12, so as to provide a bearing for the shaft K" and bearings for
the inner ends of the shafts L¹11, M, which bearings N₁, N", also form end bearings
for the clutch gears L, M, as shewn in Figure 10. The bearing for the other end of
these clutch gears is furnished by coil springs located around the shafts L¹11, M*,
between the end of the clutches and a pin or stop on the shafts, so that the clutches
can be disengaged when desired, and be held in engagement by the action of the
springs; the springs also return the clutches so as to be engaged when the arms
L", M, are released. O is a sprocket wheel on the shaft or axle of the wheel J,
and located inside of the wheel; O¹ is a chain for driving the reel; 01, 0111, are
pulley wheels for keeping the chain 01 taut; O is a hanger carrying the pulley,
wheels, or belt tightener O", O", which hanger is suspended from the reel shaft.
O is a supporting bar, the rear end of which is pivoted to the main axle between
the wheel O and the bearing J¹. These parts constitute the devices for driving the
reel, and are constituted and arranged to operate in any of the well known forms

page_text: for such devices; P is the reel shaft; P', the sprocket wheel for driving the shaft ;
P, the carrying or rocking shaft for the reel; P, the supporting arms; P4, the
bearings or supports on the posts B5 for the rocking shaft; Q, the reel; Q¹, the
slotted head for feathering the reel; R, the lever for raising and lowering the reel
pivotally supported on the shaft Pi, and projecting beyond the shaft so as to reach
and be connected with the shaft P in such a manner as to slide thereon; R', the
rod or bar, attached at one end to the end of the lever R, and at the other to the
sliding slotted head Q₁ for operating the head; R", the operating rod for the holding
pawl; R1, the lever for moving the pawl; R', the engaging or holding
pawl; R, the rack with which the pawl R* engages. These parts pertain
to the reel operating devices, and are constructed in any of the well known
forms for such parts, and operate in the usual manner; S is a lever;
S¹, a rocking shaft; S¹¹, an arm or projection on the rocking shaft; S, the
bearings for the rocking shaft; S, the rod or lever for operating a pawl
which holds the lever S in position, and which engages a suitable rack
which, as shown, is located on the outer bearing S; T is the tongue; T¹, the link
connecting the tongue with the arm S¹¹; T", the brace rod for the tongue. The
tongue is of the ordinary construction attached to the frame as usual, and it is
adjusted and held in any desired position by the lever S, and devices connected
therewith, and the tongue in the usual manner; U is a support attached to the
front-beam A at the heel of the sickle, and projecting forward of the beam a
sufficient distance to carry the front beam B, which is supported thereby at one
end forward of the line of cut so as to enable the butts to clear the frame piece B
when moved inward toward the binding platform. This is a desirable and necessary
feature in order to keep the grain from turning by the butts striking against the
upper frame work; U₁ is a bar or platform attached to the beam B, and located
between the binding platform and the cross beam B in such a position that the
butts will be received thereon and be supported, while the heads are free to strike
the ground, where they will catch on the stubble and draw the butts from the
plate U'so as to deposit the bound bundle properly. If this plate were not used, the
butts being often the heaviest would fall and strike the ground ahead of the heads,
and the forward movement of the machine would be liable to turn the bundle end
for end; U is a guard plate attached to the cross beam B¹¹, and projecting down
therefrom nearly to the ground so as to keep the bundle when discharged by the
arms E from becoming entangled in the main or driving wheel; V is a sprocket
wheel driven by a chain from the smaller one of the double sprocket wheel F4;
V is the inner shaft or roller for the platform chains, on the end of which is located
the sprocket wheel V through which the chains are operated; W, W¹, are belt
tighteners. W operates in connection with the chain F, and consists of two pulleys
carried by a plate pivoted to the rear frame piece B; W₁ operates in connection
with the chain which drives the sprocket wheel V, and consists of a single pulley
carried by a plate pivoted to the rear support B5; X is the wire spool; X', the
tension pad; X", the coil spring for the tension. These parts are of the ordinary
construction, and may be located as shown, or in any other suitable position, so that
the binding wire will pass from the spool X to the guide wheel or roller f¹¹, and
thence to the twisting devices so as to be in the line of travel of the binding arm.
The twisting hook and the wire cutter are not shown; they may be of any suitable
construction, the twister preferred being one that will coil the main wire around
its shank or point so as to hold the end thereof, and they are located beneath the
platform at the opening c therein so as to properly do the work required of
them, and are operated by means of suitable openings and shafts which run beneath
the platform C, and which are operated by means of pinions driven from the
sprocket teeth on the wheels F, F', or in any other suitable manner, so that at the
proper time the twister will be caused to revolve and twist the strands of wire
together, and when so twisted the cutter will be caused to advance and sever the
wire between the bound bundle and the twisting hook in the usual manner.
During the operation of twisting and cutting the wire, the wire arm stands

page_text: stationary, the wheel F not revolving while the wheel F continues its revolution,
as before described. The length of time required to make a complete revolution
of the wire arm should be sufficient to allow grain enough for a bundle to accu-
mulate. The operation will be readily understood. The grain as it falls upon the
platform is carried forward by the chains, passes up the incline C, at the apex of
which the bundle is separated by the arm, as before described, which bundle is
swept by the arm on to the platform C¹ into position to be bound, the grain
passing beneath the binding wire, which wire is caught by the binding arm D, and
carried around beneath the bundle, so that both strands can be caught and twisted
together by the hook. During this operation the retaining or compressing arm D¹
remains down so as to compress the bundle into shape between it and the binding
arm, as described. When the binding is completed the overhung discharging arms E
are caused to descend by the action of the rack E on the pinion E¹ through the
arm E³ and rotation of the wheel F, and discharge the bound bundle, during which
time the binding arm remains stationary; then the wheel F engages the wheel F',
and starts it, causing the binding arm to again operate to separate and carry
forward a bundle to be bound and discharged in the same manner. When the
binding arm commences its revolution the discharging arms are raised, and the
retaining arm which was raised by the action of the crank De when the dis-
charging arms were caused to descend by the reverse movement of the crank
caused by the raising of the discharging arms. By providing the discharging arms
and arranging them so that they will over hang the bundle, it will be seen that the
bundle will be caught by the arms with their points, so that its discharge will be
ensured, and by giving these arms a positive movement through the medium of the
rack E and pinion E", operated by the arm E³ from the wheel F, it will be seen
that they must operate at the precise time required, and movement given to these
arms is such that when raised, after carrying the bundle away from the platform,
they will clear themselves from the bundle in the act of rising so as to ensure a
perfect and clean discharge of the bundle.
By operating the compressing or retaining arm and the discharging arm from
the same mechanism, these arms when adjusted will always retain their relative
positions so as to operate to be out of each others way, as when one is raised the
other is dropped, and when one is dropped the other is raised, and such movements
are positive in both arms.
By means of the foot treadle H and the devices connecting it with the clutch
pinion F, it will be seen that the stopping and starting of the binding devices is
under the control of the driver, and by providing the clutch gears L, M, operated
simultaneously by the same lever, it enables the driver to control both the cutting
and binding operations; when for any purpose it is desired to stop both operations
at the same time, by simply pushing down or operating one lever to control both
sets of devices, and by simply releasing the lever to throw both mechanisms into
operation.
By locating the incline C on the grain platform at such a point as that the wire
or grain carrying arm will enter the grain and make a separation thereof at the
apex of the incline a better and cleaner separation will be made, and the incline
will serve as a check to the flow of the grain, enabling the action of the carrying
chains or belts to straighten it.
By means of the double or right and left hand screw G the adjustment forward
and back of the grain binding platform C" is made very easy, and this adjustment
can be made very accurate and without any exertion on the part of the driver, as
all that is necessary to be done is to engage the screw properly with the clutch,
when the action of the mechanism for binding will operate the screw and adjust the
platform as described.
One defect in binders which bind the grain at the end of the cutting platform
arises from the fact that the butts are liable to project forward of the cutting line
so that when carried forward they strike the frame work. This is obviated in this
machine by projecting the lower frame forward of the line of cut at the heel of the

page_text: sickle, so that the upper or binder frame will be projected forward to allow a free
passage for the butts under all circumstances.
By means of the peculiar construction of the bearing N, N¹, N", it will be seen
that the devices for operating the sickle and binding devices are brought into a
very close and compact compass, and that both sets of devices are operated from
the same shaft, thereby enabling both mechanisms to be driven if one is driven.
In Figures 1 and 4 is shewn a different arrangement of devices, consisting of a
rack G operated by means of a pinion at the end of a shaft G having a hand
wheel at its upper end, for effecting the fore and aft adjustment of the grain
binding platform, and in the same Figures is shewn another form of device for
operating the discharging and retaining arms, but as no claim is made for such
devices in this application they are not specifically claimed.
When the roller or wheel; is in contact with the circular motion of the flange ;111
the discharging arms will be elevated, and the retainer or compressor will be held
down, but when this roller enters the depression the retainer or compressor will be
raised and the discharging arms carried down, and will so remain until the roller
passes from the depression.
Referring to Sheet 3 of the Drawings A, A1, represents the main frame; A",
support or bearing block for the driving shaft; B, B¹, B¹¹, B, frame work sup-
porting the upper portion of the binding mechanism; C, receiving platform; D,
cross bars under the receiving platform; E, openings or spaces between the bars D
in which the chains travel; F, chains for moving the grain, the said chain being
driven by shafts having sprocket wheels keyed therein; G, compacting arms or
bars; H, guard plates for the twister and cutter; I, I, I, sliding supporting
frames; J, crossbars or supports for the sliding frame; K, wire arm; L, retaining
arm; L', connecting link or bar for the arm L; M, discharging arm; M¹, slot in
the arm M; M", crank for operating the arms L, M; N, rocking shaft; N',
operating crank for the shaft N; N", connecting rod or bar; 0, cam or groove; P,
continuously revolving wheel; Q, stop wheel; Q1, shaft carrying the wire arm and
supporting the arm M; R, driving pinion; R', sliding clutch; R", shaft of the
pinion R; S, sprocket wheel for driving the chain F; T, driving chain for the
sprocket wheel F; U, shaft for operating the twister; V, shaft for operating the
cutter W, grain shield for the main wheel; ✗, brace bar or wire leader; X¹, rod
supporting one end of the bar X; Y, head carrying the rollers; Z, lever for
operating the clutch collar; a, tongues on the supporting bars J; a¹, grooves in
the side bars I of the sliding frame; b, slot in the bar L; c, d, e, adjusting holes
for the retaining and discharging arms; c, d, connecting pivots or bolts; f, f¹,
collars on the shaft N; g, g', adjusting holes for the crank N¹ and bar N"; g",
pivot or bolt; h, friction roller on the bar N"; i, slot in the bar N₁; i, guide
pin; j, external toothed segment; 7, engaging pinion; k, stop flange on the
wheel P; k¹, flat face on the head of the pinion; l, internal toothed segment;
, engaging pinion; ", stop flange on the wheel P; 1, engaging face on the head
of the pinion; m, shoe or projection on wheel Q; m', incline on wheel P for
engaging with the shoe m; m, flange on the wheel P for holding the shoe; n,
stop on the wheel Q; n¹, flange on the pinion R; n", open space between the
teeth of the wheel Q; o, o¹, engaging teeth for connecting the pinion R and
clutch R¹; p, spring; p¹, pin or stop; q, end of the lever Z; r, incline on the
pinion R;, collar on the sliding head; 8, 8, wheels for driving the twister ;
t, twisting hook; t', shaft of the hook t; t", supports or bearings; u, crank on the
shaft V for moving the cutter back and forth; u³, engaging pin; v, sliding cutter ;
, loop; v, support or bearing; w, stationary cutter; x, x¹, antifriction rollers for
the binding wire; y, wire supporting pins or rollers; y', dividing point.
The main frame may be of any form of construction capable of supporting a
grain receiving platform, and a binding mechanism to be located between such
receiving platform and the main or driving wheel. In the form shown the
portion A is designed to receive and support the receiving platform, and to it is

page_text: secured in any suitable manner the portion A' which is designed to receive and
support a binding mechanism. For this reason the portion A¹ is located higher
above the ground than the portion A, and to it is secured a frame work which
sustains the binding mechanism, the said frame work consisting of the posts B
located at the front edge of the frame cross bars B¹, B1, B, and block or
support A, but other forms of construction for such frame work may be used if
desired.
The receiving platform C may be of any suitable construction; it is located and
supported in the frame A by longitudinal cross bars D, which are so arranged as
to leave spaces E between them, in which are located the chains F. These chains
are to be provided with. suitable teeth, which will project above the upper face of
the platform, suitable openings being provided in the platform above the openings
or spaces E to engage the grain, and carry it over the platform towards the binding
mechanism.
The chains F are supported and driven by suitable sprocket wheels located on
shafts F¹ at the inner and outer ends of the frame A in line with the openings E,
which shafts are driven, as shown, by means of a chain T which passes over a
sprocket wheel F11 secured to the rear end of the inner shaft F¹, and a sprocket
wheel S secured to the end of the shaft R", the shaft R" being driven in any
suitable manner from the main or driving wheel. This wheel is located in suitable
bearings on the frame A¹ back of the shield W, but as such wheel may be con-
structed and located in any of the well known manners, it is neither shown nor
described. The chains F may be driven in any suitable manner that will give
them a line of travel towards the binding mechanism, and three or more of such
chains may be used.
At the inner end of and above the receiving platform C are located the com-
pacting arms or bars G, two or more of which may be used. These arms G.are
secured at one end, as shown, to the cross bar B¹¹, and the other end is left free,
and, as shown, that portion which is secured to the bar B" is provided with a bend,
which allows the bars to spring or yield somewhat. These bars are so located with
reference to the receiving platform as to leave a space or opening between them
and the platform for the passage of the grain beneath the arms to the binding
mechanism, which space or opening is largest at the end in which the grain enters,
and decreases in size towards the discharge end. The grain is forced through beneath
the arms G by the action of the chains F and the teeth thereon; the arms having a
spring movement yield sufficiently to allow the passage of the grain, and at the
same time they exert a sufficient amount of pressure on the grain to compact it
closely together. By making the arms G yielding, and giving the space between
them and the platform C an incline towards the discharge end, the arms will
conform to the amount of grain which is being carried under the arms, and the
arms will always act to compact the grain in its passage beneath them. By this
arrangement the grain will be forced beneath the arms in its passage to the binding
mechanism, so that it will be delivered onto the binding table in a compact form
for binding purposes. At the end of the binding table is a plate H, which acts as
a guard and support for the twisting and cutting devices located beneath them,
a suitable opening being provided in the edge of the plate H, as shown, for the
passage of the binding wire to the twisting hook. This plate H is secured in any
suitable manner to the top of the end plate 1' of the sliding frame, which frame is
located between the bars J secured in any suitable manner to frame A¹, the bars J
being provided with suitable tongues a, which fit in corresponding grooves a¹
formed in the side bars I of the frame. This sliding frame is shorter than the
width of the frame A¹, so that it can be moved back and forth between the side
bars of the frame by means of a lever or other suitable device operated by the
driver. This sliding frame is made in any suitable manner. As shown, it consists of
two side bars I, I, and two end bars I, I, the end bar I¹ furnishing a support for
the twisting and cutting mechanism, and the end bar I" furnishing a support for

page_text: the operating wheel and shafts, as shewn, and for this reason the end I is made
to extend a considerable distance above the side bars I, and is provided with the
necessary supporting arms or projections.
This sliding frame supports the binding mechanism, so that by moving the frame
forward or back the mechanism can be adjusted so as to bind grain of different
lengths at the proper place for binding.
The wire arm K is made of metal and is secured at its upper end to a shaft Q',
and is so located with reference to the plate H that it will carry the binding wire
to the proper position to be grasped by the twisting devices, the swing of the arms
being in close proximity to the outer edge of the plate H for this purpose in the
construction shown. This arm, as shown, is secured to the shaft Q¹ by means of a
set screw which passes through the head of the arm, so that the arm can be properly
adjusted in reference to the twisting devices, but it may be secured in any other
suitable manner. The shank of this arm K is broad so as to give it great strength,
and is curved or bent so as to better adapt it to forming the bundle into shape,
and in order to furnish a better support or backing for the grain the concave
edge which comes in contact with the grain is provided with a broad flat face
formed by projecting flanges. The lower end of this arm K is square and is longer
than the width of the arm proper, and is provided with a sharp point y' which
enters the grain easily and enables the gavel to be separated from the flowing
grain by the arm, the end of the arm acting as a stop for the flowing grain during
the passage of the point through the grain, and the arm itself forming a stop after
the gavel has been separated. Near the lower end of this arm K is secured two
pins or rollers y, so arranged as to come on top of the binding wire and carry it
around the bundle so as to be grasped by the twisting devices and the two strands
twisted together, the pins or rollers revolving the wire carried by them as soon as
it is grasped by the twister, so that the wire will not be carried by the arm beyond
the point of twisting the two strands together. The arm K is a revolving arm, but
its motion is not continuous, the movement thereof being stopped, as hereinafter
described, in order to allow the bundle to be bound and the binding wire to be
secured.
On the shaft Q¹ next to the arm K is located the arm C, which arm is supported
on the shaft in such a manner that it can turn freely thereon. The lower portion
of this arm is curved, as shown in Figure 4, the direction of the curve being
opposite to that of the arm K, so as to form an opening between the two arms for
the bundle. When the arm is in position to retain the bundle rests against the
edge of the plate H on the binding table, in which position it is held firmly during
the operation of forming the bundle into shape and binding the same. After the
bundle is bound and the wire secured, this arm rises to permit of the discharge of
the bundle, and is again returned to position for receiving the next bundle. The
upper end of this arm extends some distance beyond the shaft Q', and is connected
with a bar or link L¹ by means of a pin or pivot c¹ which passes through a slot b in
the lower end of the link, and in order to adjust the arm properly the end may be
provided with two or more holes c to receive the pin or pivot c¹, or it may be
adjusted in some other suitable manner. On the shaft Q1 next to the arm L is
located the arm M, which arm is provided with a slot M¹ having a curvature
corresponding to the curvature of the arm, which extends nearly the whole length
of the arm, the curve of which slot is such as to give to the arm in its descent an
inward and outward movement, the object being to cause the point of the arm to
descend and pass behind the bound bundle, and then throw out and discharge the
bundle after it is bound, the slot M' giving the desired movement for this purpose.
The lower end of this arm is pointed, and at its upper end the arm is secured by
means of the point or bolt e¹ to the outer end of the crank M", and in order to
adjust the throw or descent of the arm its upper end is provided with a series of
holes e, so arranged as to give the arms a longer or shorter downward movement
and a less or greater outward movement at its point. To this crank M back of
the connection for the arm M is secured the upper end of the bar or link L¹ by

page_text: means of the pivot or pin d, the end of the bar being provided with two or more
adjusting holes d, but other means than the adjusting holes shown may be used to
regulate the degree of movement of the arms L, M. The crank M¹¹ is secured at
its other end to one end of the rocking shaft N, which shaft is supported in suitable
bearings, as shown; the bearing for one end of the shaft is located in the upper end
of the plate I¹¹, and its other bearing is in a standard secured in any suitable manner
to the cross bar or leader rod X, the shaft being retained in position, as shown, by
means of collars f secured to the shaft in contact or nearly so with the inner faces
of its support. This shaft may be mounted and held in position in any other
suitable manner. To the other end of this rocking shaft N is secured another
crank N', to the end of which is secured the upper end of the bar N" by means of
the pivot or pin g, and in order to adjust the movement of the crank at its outer
end and the upper end of the bar N¹ they are provided with a series of adjusting
holes g, g', but other means may be used for this purpose. The lower end of the
bar N¹ is provided with a slot i, by means of which the bar is connected with a
pin or stud ¹ located at the centre of the wheel P, and just above the slot i on the
bar N¹¹ is located a friction roller h, so arranged as to travel in a cam groove
formed or located on the external face of the wheel P, the form of which is shown
in Figure 3, a portion thereof having a curve corresponding with the circle of the
wheel, and the other portion extending across the face of the wheel and having a
curve towards the centre of the wheel P, so that the travel of the roller in the
groove will give the required movements to the rocking shaft for operating the
retaining arm L and discharging arm M.
The wheel P travels in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the arrange-
ment of the cam groove O in relation to the arms L, M, is such that as the
roller reaches the end of the circular groove and passes around into the cross-
groove and descends therein the crank N will be depressed by the downward
movement given to the bar N¹¹, which also depresses the crank M" which carries
the arm M down, giving it the movement described, to pass behind the bound
bundles, and at the same time carrying down the bar L' through it the upper end
of the arm L. This raises the lower end of the arm to permit the bound bundle
to pass, which movements will continue until the roller h has reached the lowest
point in the cross groove of the cam groove, and commenced its ascent therein.
This will give a gradual upward movement to the bar N", raising the crank N¹,
which also raises the crank M, which causes the arm M to ascend, this move-
ment of the arm finishing the discharge of the bound bundle by the peculiar
movement of the arm before described, and at the same raising the bar L¹, which
raises the upper end of the arm L, causing its lower end to descend to again come
in contact with the edge of the plate H. These movements will continue until
the roller has reached and passed around into the circular groove at the opposite
end from which it entered the cross-groove, when the parts will be in the proper
position to again receive another bundle for binding, in which position they will
remain until the roller has completed its travel in the circular groove and again
enters the cross groove, when the operation before described is repeated, and such
movements are continued until the entire binding is completed. By this arrange-
ment it will be seen that the required movements are given to the retaining and
discharging arm by the same mechanism, which makes the device very compact,
but it is evident that these arms may be operated by independent devices and
accomplish the desired result.
The wheel P is mounted or supported on a suitable axle or spindle secured to
the end I¹¹ of the frame, and revolve continuously, and carries the devices for
operating the twisting and cutting mechanism. On the external face of this wheel,
between the cam groove O and the periphery of the wheel, is located a toothed
segment so arranged as to engage with the teeth of the wheel ¹ secured to the
end of the shaft U, and drive the shaft; the latter extends across the sliding frame,
beneath the receiving table, and has its bearing in the end pieces I¹, I", of the
frame. To the other end of this shaft, outside of the end piece I¹, is secured a

page_text: mitre wheel 8, which engages with the mitre wheel 8¹ on the shaft t' of the twisting
device t, which shaft has its bearings in the supports at the top and bottom of
the shaft secured to the end piece I¹.
The segment j is located between the ends of a projecting flange k extending
around the face of the wheel near its outer edge, which flange engages with a head
or shoe k¹ located on the pinion j so that its upper face will come in contact with
the outer face of the flange, thereby preventing the movement of the pinion, and
consequently the shaft U and the twisting device, so that the twister can only
revolve when the toothed segment j is engaged with the pinion j¹. On the internal
face of the wheel P is another toothed segment so arranged as to engage with a
pinion on the end of the shaft V, and drives the shaft. The shaft extends the
length of the sliding frame, and is supported in suitable bearings in the ends I, I¹,
of the frame. To that end of the shaft outside of the head I' is secured an arm or
crank u, in the end of which is a pin u¹ which enters the opening in the loop v¹;
this loop is secured at its upper end to the blade or cutter v, which is supported in
a suitable head or guide at its rear end secured to the end I¹, whilst the forward
end of the said blade or cutter is provided with a cutting edge, by means of which
and the cutting edge on the stationary blade w the wire is severed. The blade w
is secured to the tread H, as shewn, and is so located that the blade will pass
above it when severving the wire, the blade v being carried back and forth by the
rotation of the crank u, through the pin u¹ and loop v¹. The segment is located
so that its ends will be in line with the ends of a projecting flange which extends
around the face of the wheel in such relative position as to engage with a shoe or
head on the pinion ¹ so as to stop the movement of the pinion except when
the toothed segment is engaged therewith, so that the blade or cutter can only
operate when the segment and pinion are engaged. The two segments j, l, are so
located with relation to each other that as soon as the segment j is disengaged the
segment will engage, so that as soon as the wire is twisted together the cutter v will
advance and sever it, and these segments are so located with relation to the cam
groove that they will operate. When the roller h is travelling in the groove to
operate the discharging arin the bundle will be bound and the wire severed, so
that the arm can force the bundle from the binding table as before described.
It will be seen that the wheel P carries the devices for operating the entire
binding mechanism, except the wire arm, which is operated by means of the
wheel located on the end of the shaft Q1, which shaft has its bearing in the
cross piece B1 and end piece I' so as to bring it above and to one side of the
spindle or axis of the wheel P, the location of the wheels P and Q, with reference
to each other, being shewn in Figures 3 and 10. As before stated the arm K
cannot revolve continuously but must have an intermittent motion, the stoppage
in the movement occurring while the twisting and cutting is being performed,
and in order to obtain this result the movement of wheel Q must be stopped at the
same time.
In order to stop the wheel Q its inner face is provided with a shoe or stop n so
arranged as to come in contact with the flange n¹ on the end of the driving
pinion R, and the teeth of the wheel Q are removed at this point so as to leave an
opening n in which the teeth of the pinion enter, preventing the engagement of
the pinion with the wheel, so that the wheel will be stopped. The shoe or stop n
is so located in reference to the movement of the arm K that it will engage with the
flange n' when the arm has made one complete revolution, and has compressed the
bundle into shape and carried the binding wire into position to be grasped by the
twister, and will remain in that position until the binding of the bundle is com-
pleted, and the arm is ready for the next operation.
In order to start the wheel Q the wheel P, which continues to revolve, is pro-
vided on the inner face with a projecting flange m", to which is attached a cam
or incline m', so arranged as to come in contact with the underside of a projection m
on the outer face of the wheel Q, which projection after it has passed the incline
rides on the flange m". As this incline m" comes in contact with the projection m
B

page_text: it will start the wheel Q by reason of the revolving of the wheel P, and such
motion will continue until the projection m has passed over the flange m", at
which time the wheel Q will have been carried around sufficiently far to cause its
teeth to engage with the teeth of the pinion R.
The incline m' and projection m are so arranged relative to each other that the
incline will come in contact with the projection m and start the wheel Q, and with
it the binding arm, as soon as the cutter v has finished the final operation of binding,
and the flange m¹¹ must be of sufficient length to move the wheel Q until the
teeth of the wheel and pinions mesh.
On
The wheels P and Q are both driven from the same pinion R, which pinion is
located upon the shaft R¹¹ having its bearings in the head I" and support A",
and is to be driven in any suitable manner from the main or driving wheel. The
pinion R is to be secured to the shaft in such a manner as to allow the shaft to
revolve and not revolve the pinion when desired. This engagement is made by
means of the sliding collar or sleeve R¹, secured to the shaft by means of a feather
or in some other suitable manner so as to slide back and forth thereon. The collar
at its inner end which enters the pinion is provided with a series of teeth or
serrations o, which engage with corresponding teeth or serrations o¹ formed on the
pinion, and this collar, as shewn, is held in position when the teeth o, o', are
engaged by the spring p, one end of which comes in contact with the end of the
collar or sleeve, and the other with a pin or projection pl on the shaft R".
the end of the pinion R outside the opening for the collar or sleeve is located
a projection r, having an inclined face which leaves a corresponding opening
between it and the flange 1 on the end of the collar or sleeve R', into which
opening the end 7 of the lever Z enters; this lever is pivotted to a suitable
support on the frame I" above the pinion R, and is operated in any suitable
manner by the driver, so that by bringing the end q of the lever into contact
with the incline the collar or sleeve R can be slid back on the shaft, with-
drawing the teeth o from their engagement with the teeth o', allowing the shaft Ru
to revolve without driving the pinion R. The movement of the entire binding
mechanism is thus stopped, and the stoppage will continue until the end of the
lever is withdrawn, when the spring p again forces the teeth or serrations into
engagement so that the pinion will be driven and again starts the mechanism.
The relative proportions of the wheels P, Q, to each other and to the pinion R,
is such that it will require more revolutions of the pinion to make a complete
revolution of the wheel P than for the wheel Q; this is necessary in order to
provide for the stoppage of the wheel Q. It takes four revolutions of the pinion to
make one of the wheel Q, and five to make one of the wheel P, the wheel P being
one fifth larger than the wheel Q, and the number of teeth being in a corre-
sponding proportion. The wheel P and pinion R are always in mesh so that the
wheel P revolves continuously, and one complete revolution of the pinion is made
after the wheel has stopped before the pinion will be in mesh with the wheel Q,
during which time the twisting and cutting devices will be operated by the
wheel Pas before described.
To the cross piece B' is secured a metal plate W, which plate extends below
the frame A', and sufficiently close to the ground to prevent the bundle as it is
discharged by the action of the arm M from falling in the path of the driving
wheel, the plate W being located between the driving wheel and the binding
mechanism so as to leave a sufficient space for the dropping of the bundle.
The support or bar X for the wire carrying devices is secured at one end to the
top of the end piece I", and, as shewn, extends diagonally across the frame work,
and is provided at its other end with a head Y consisting of two parts standing at
right angles with each other supported on the rod X', the latter being secured in
suitable standards on the cross-piece B". In the head Y are located the friction
pulley x, x', the pulley being located parallel with the cross bar B, and the
pulley at right angles thereto. The binding wire passes from a spool suitably
located on the frame-work under the pulley x, and over the pulley x¹ to the

page_text: twister t, which twister is secured to or formed with the shaft t¹, and is so formed
that it projects outward from the top of the shaft, and is bent or curved around
and up so as to resemble a horn in the manner and shape of its curvature. Around
this horn shaped twister the end of the binding wire is coiled so as to hold it.
The operation will be readily understood; the grain will be carried along the
platform and forced under the compacting arms or bars G by the action of the
chains, and at each revolution of the wire arm K a sufficient amount of grain will
have been forced under the arms to form a bundle, the gavel being separated from
the flowing grain, and the flow of the grain stopped by the action of the arm K
as described, the gavel being compressed into shape between the retaining arm L
and wire arm K, during which operation the discharging arm and wire twisting
and severing devices will be in operation, and the cam groove O will act to hold
the retaining arm in position. As the wire arm descends to separate the grain and
form the gavel, the pins or rollers y, 'y, will come in contact with the binding wire
which passes from the twister to the pulley x', and the movement of the arm will
carry with it the binding wire around the bundle, which movement will continue
until the arm has carried the wire around. the bundle and into position to be
grasped by the twisting hook, at which time the wheel Q is stopped by the engage-
ment of the stop n and flange n¹, and the wheel P has revolved so as to cause the
segment to engage the pinion ¹ and operate the twister, which removes the
binding wire from the rollers; then the segment 7 engages the pinion and operates
the cutter and severs the binding wire; then the cam O operates the arms L, M, so
as to cause the arm M to discharge the bundle, and the incline m¹³ and flange m¹
engage the projection m and start the wheel O and arm K; then the cam O operates
to bring the arms L into position to compress the bundle and raise the arm M, and
these movements continue until the binding is completed, and revolution of the
wheel P completing the binding of a bundle.
In case the twister fails to do its work, the amount of grain held between the
retaining arm will be discharged by the action of the arm M, thereby preventing
the accumulation of the grain on the binding table and keeping the table clear for
the next operation.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
The combination of an apron or chain platform with a binding device, and a single
driving wheel placed in positions relative to each other, substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn in the Drawings hereto annexed, for the purpose of obviating
the necessity of lifting the grain over the driving wheel before it is bound, and
Under the first part of the said Invention I claim,-
1st. The incline C located on the carrier platform in front of the binding arm
in combination with such platform for retarding the flow of the grain, substantially
as herein before described.
2nd. The incline C and bridge C' in combination with a carrier platform and
grain binding platform C", substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
3rd. The incline C located on the carrier platform in combination with a binding
or wire arm located and arranged relatively to each other, so that a separation of
the grain will be made by the arm at the top of the incline, substantially as and for
the purposes hereinbefore described.
4th. The retaining arm D¹ having an extension D in combination with the
crank or arm De and a yielding connection, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described.
5th. The pinion E" and reciprocating rack El operated by the wheel of the
binding mechanism in combination with the bundle discharging arms for raising
and lowering the arms, substantially as hereinbefore described.

page_text: 6th. The lever E with the roller jand projection ¹ in combination with the flange
, having a depressed portion for operating the arm or lever E and recipro-
cating the rack E1, substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
7th. The foot treadle H, connecting rod H³, and crank rod H", in combination
with the link H, fork H, and sliding clutch H³ for stopping the movement of
the binding mechanism, substantially as herein before described.
8th. The cam lever M11 in combination with the arms or levers M¹¹, L", forks
M³, L', and sliding clutch gears M, L, for simultaneously stopping the movement
of the binding and cutting mechanism, substantially as hereinbefore described.
9th. The screw G having a right and left hand thread and clutch or nut G¹ in
combination with a moveable binding platform for adjusting the platform by the
driving mechanism of the binding devices, substantially as hereinbefore described.
10th. A moveable binding platform in combination with the double screw G,
nut or clutch G¹, rod or link G₁, and lever G₁ for operating the nut or clutch to
move the platform forward or back, or allow it to remain stationary, substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
11th. The support U located on the carrier platform frame and projecting
forward of the line of cut, whereby the front sill of the hinder frame will be
projected forward out of the way of the butts of moving grain, substantially as and
for the purposes herein before described.
12th. An automatic grain binder having its binding platform and devices
located between the carrier platform and the main or driving wheel at the inner
end of the carrier platform, and supported by a lower or main frame and an upper
or secondary frame arranged relatively to each other, so that the secondary frame is
carried forward of the main frame at or near the heel of the sickle beyond the line
of cut of the sickle for the passage of the butts of the grain, substantially as and for
the purposes hereinbefore described.
13th. In an automatic grain binder having its binder platform located between
the carrier platform and the main or driving wheel, a bar or platform U¹³ located
between the binding platform and the main or driving wheel, and projecting inward
to receive the butt end of the bound bundle when discharged, substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described.
14th. The arms or dischargers E located relatively to the binding platform so as
to overhang such platform, and operating to push or carry the grain from the
platform when bound, and to clear themselves from the bundle when rising, sub-
stantially as herein before described.
15th. The combination with an adjustable grain binding platform of a double
threaded screw operating to carry the platform forward or back as it is caused to
rotate in a direction to move the platform in the desired direction, substantially as
and for the purposes herein before described.
Under the second part of the said Invention, I also claim,―
16th. In combination with an automatic adjustable and detachable grain binder
located between the main or driving wheel and the grain receiving platform C, the
chains F provided with teeth, and the flexible packing arm G for delivering the
grain to the binding mechanism in a compact form, substantially as and for
the purposes hereinbefore described.
17th. In an automatic grain binder located between the main or driving wheel and
the grain receiving 'platform, the intermittent revolving arm K when used in
connection with a twisting and a cutting mechanism, substantially in the manner
and for the purpose herein before described.
18th. In an automatic grain binder located between the main or driving wheel
and the grain receiving platform, the intermittent revolving arm K provided with
a sharp point and broad shank for making a clean separation between the flowing
grain and the gavel, substantially as herein before described.
19th. In an automatic grain binder located between the main or driving wheel
and the grain receiving platform, the combination of the intermittent wire arm K
with the retaining arm L, whereby the gavel will be separated from the flowing

page_text: grain and compressed into shape for binding or dropping purposes, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
20th. In an automatic grain binder located between the main or driving wheel
and the grain receiving platform, the combination of the intermittent revolving
wire arm K, retaining arm L, and a twisting and a cutting mechanism with the
discharging arm M, whereby bundles bound or unbound will be discharged
between the main wheel and the binding mechanism, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
21st. In an automatic grain binder located between the main or driving wheel
and the grain receiving platform, the combination with a binding mechanism of a
discharging arm located upon the driving shaft of the wire arm, and operating to
descend and force the bundle from the binding table, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
22nd. In an automatic grain binder located between the main or driving wheel
and the receiving platform C, the combination of the chains F provided with teeth
and operating in the receiving platform, the wire arm K, retaining arm L, dis-
charging arm M, and twisting and wire cutting mechanism, all constructed and
operating substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
23rd. The wheel provided with the cam groove O, and the bar N₁ provided
with the roller, in combination with the shaft N provided with the crank N', M¹¹,
bar or link L', retaining arm L, and discharging arm M for operating the arms,
substantially as herein before described.
24th. The combination of the pinion R and a mechanism for driving the same
with the wheel P carrying devices for operating the twister and cutter, and the stop
wheel operating the wire arm, whereby the revolution of the arm will be stopped
while the twisting and cutting is being performed, substantially as and for the
purposes herein before described.
25th. The wheel provided with the stop n and shoe m in combination with the
driving pinion R and wheel P provided with the flange m¹¹ and projection m¹ for
stopping and starting the wire arm, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
26th. The driving pinion R and wheel P provided with the external and
internal toothed segments in combination with the wheels j', l, shafts U, V,
and devices for operating the twister and cutter, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
27th. The wheel P provided with the external and internal toothed segments j, l,
when used in combination with the intermittent revolving arm K, the said
segments operating the twisting and cutting mechanism while the wire arm K
is on its stop, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
Drawings.
28th. The wheel P provided with the external and internal toothed segments j, l,
for operating the twisting and cutting mechanism and with the cam groove O for
operating the retaining and discharging arms, whereby the several mechanisins
will be operated from the same wheel, substantially as hereinbefore described.
29th. The lever Z in combination with the pinion R provided with the inclined
projection and sliding clutch collar R¹ for disengaging the clutch and stopping
the movements of the binder, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
30th. In an automatic grain binder a twisting hook having the portion t which
grasps and twists the strands of wire together, formed in a curved and twisted horn
shape, used in combination with the the intermittent revolving wire arm K, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described.
31st. The wheel P provided with the toothed segment j and flange k in com-
bination with the wheel Q provided with the stop n, shaft V, crank u, loop v¹, and
cutting blade v, for operating the cutting blade at the proper time, and preventing
movement thereof while the bundle is being formed, substantially as herein before
described.

page_text: 32nd. The moveable frame J carrying the binding mechanism, in combination
with a stationary receiving platform C and chains F provided with teeth, whereby
the binding mechanism can be adjusted for grain of different length, substantially
as herein before described.
33rd. In combination with an automatic grain binding mechanism located at the
end of the receiving platform, and having a space between the main or driving
wheel and the binding mechanism for the passage of the bound bundle to
the ground, the plate or shield W for preventing the bundle from falling in
the lino of travel of the main or driving wheel, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bernhard Samuelson, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of July, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
B. SAMUELSON. (L.S.)