A Waterproof Coating and Impregnating Substance and a Process for the Manufacture of the same.
Year: 1897

page_text: * Date of Application, 14th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 22nd Jan., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED),
A Waterproof Coating and Impregnating Substance and a Process
for the Manufacture of the same.
We, STEFAN HANSEL, Manufacturer, of I. Wipplingerstrasse 17, and EUGEN
HORNUNG, Assistant Advocate, of XVIII. Sternwartgasse 9, both in Vienna, in the
Empire of Austria, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a novel coating and impregnating mass for paper, fabric,
felt, cellulose, wood pulp and in general for animal and vegetable fibrous materials
which, by treatment with the substance, are rendered proof against the action of
damp and at the same time remain supple or flexible and elastic, the said materials
also possessing the advantage of greater strength than the known rubber treated
papers and fabrics.
The coating and impregnating mass contains as its principal constituents,
albuminous materials (albumen or gluten) and india rubber (or in place of the latter,
gutta percha or a substitute for india rubber or gutta percha or oil-varnish) and may
also contain where a high degree of flexibility or suppleness is desired, an addition of
glycerine, syrup, molasses or of fat, oils or the like.
!
In carrying out the process of manufacture the albumen or gluten is dissolved col!
in about the same quantity of water or of another solvent; in a similar way a solution
of the same consistency is obtained of india rubber, gutta percha or their substitutes
The two solutions are then intimately
in benzine or in another suitable solvent.
mixed together either by hand or by means of mixing apparatus of any suitable kind
In case
and in proportions which vary according to the articles to be manufactured.
the mixture is to be employed for. obtaining as high a degree as possible of suppleness
or flexibility, it has added to it substances such as glycerine, syrup, molasses, fats or
oils, oil-rubber (an artificial rubber made from linseed oil) or vulcanized oil. The
amount of this addition depends upon the degree of suppleness to be obtained. For
the purpose of preserving the albumen or gluten present in the mixture unaltered,
the mixture has added to it a small quantity (about one per cent. of the quantity of
albumen) of salicylic acid, carbolic acid or any other suitable antiseptic.
As examples of suitable proportions for the mixture, we give the following two, of
which the first is a coating or impregnating mass prepared. without the addition of
materials for increasing the suppleness or flexibility, and the second a similar mass
with the addition of such materials.

page_text: II.
0.25
"
وو
salicylic acid or carbolic acid
5-13
3.10
"
"
"
""
25
"
"
glycerine, syrup, fat, oil or oil-rubber
india rubber..
It will be obvious that the mass can be suitably coloured by the addition of the
required colouring matters without departing from the principle of the invention.
The albumen contained in the substance is coagulated, when the mixture has been
made, in a known manner, for example, by drawing the material impregnated or
coated with the mixture between hot rollers.
The coagulation may however be effected previously to having the mixture made,
in which case the albumen or gluten dissolved in water is coagulated by heating, and
the coagulated mass removed from the water and mixed with the other above named
materials.
The india rubber (gutta percha etc.) in the coating or impregnating mass is
vulcanized in the known manner. The vulcanization can, however, if desired, be
effected before the coagulation of the albuminous substances contained in the
mixture; the two processes can also take place simultaneously by adding the
substance preferably sulphur-necessary for the vulcanization, to the india-rubber,
the gutta percha or the like before their mixture with the albumen or gluten solution,
the mass being then vulcanized by heating in the known manner.
Substances manufactured in the above described manner are when necessary,
thinned with benzine, turpentine or other known solvents before they are used, in
order to make them more appropriate for coating purposes and are then applied to
the materials to be rendered waterproof by hand or by means of any known devices.
The application can be repeated after each drying operation according to the desired
strength of the layer which it is desired to apply or according to the degree to which
the impregnation is to be carried. The impregnation can be effected in the manner
usually employed with other known impregnating substances, or when it is a matter
of converting loose fibrous materials to a plastic inass by felting, the said fibres can
be treated with the impregnating mass in kneading machines to form a mass after-
wards to be moulded.
By these means we obtain upon the material to be treated a very flexible or supple
coating which resembles india rubber and is insoluble in water or we obtain an im-
pregnated material possessing these properties.
For the purpose of increasing the strength of paper rendered waterproof in the
above described manner, we can press fabric upon the said paper immediately after
the substance has been applied to it or we can press the fabric between two layers of
paper so prepared after which the said fabric or the material manufactured from paper
and fabric is coated or impregnated with the mass. In order to impart a pleasing
appearance to materials made waterproof by coating or impregnation as above
described, they can be passed in a known manner through smoothing or engraving
rollers so as to be highly polished or to receive a design of any desired kind.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A coating and impregnating mass consisting of an intimate mixture of dissolved
or coagulated albuminous substance such as albumen or gluten and of a solution of
india rubber, gutta percha, or the like or oil varnish with the addition of a substance

page_text: for preventing decomposition such as salicylic or carbolic acid and (if desired) of
materials for rendering the mass flexible or supple such as glycerine, syrup, molasses,
fats or oils, oil-rubber or vulcanized oil, substantially as herein before described.
2. A process for the manufacture of a coating and impregnating mass of the kind
described in Claim 1 wherein the albumen or gluten is mixed with a solution of
india rubber, gutta percha or the like or oil varnish and wherein the albuminous
materials are coagulated either before or after the mixture, substantially as herein-
before described.
Data the 14th
1007
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.