Improved Rear Driving Apparatus for Safety Bicycles and like Vehicles.
Year: 1893

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 14th day of March 1894, allowed,
under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of this
Specification.
Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 15th Apr., 1893-Accepted; 19th Aug., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Rear Driving Apparatus for Safety Bicycles and like
Vehicles.
We MARCEL BOUDARD, Jacquard Manufacturer, and CORNELIUS HENRY
CRAWLEY, Machinist, both of Pereril Works, Peveril Street, Nottingham, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
We employ two modifications of apparatus.
--
In the first modification our improved apparatus consists of the following parts.
The crank axle has a cone formed on it near one end with the base of the cone
towards the end of the axle, close to the base of the cone an exteriorly toothed
wheel is keyed which gears into the teeth of a smaller wheel lying by the side of
and revolving with a larger wheel on an axle secured in an arm projecting from the
bottom bracket of the bicycle or other vehicle. The larger wheel drives a toothed
wheel formed on one end of a bush, each end of the bush interiorly is grooved out
to receive friction balls, one set of balls run on the narrow end of the cone on the
crank axle before named, the other set of balls run on the narrow end of a cone-
screw threaded interiorly to enable it to be adjusted near the opposite end of the
crank axle.
The other end of the bush has a small chain wheel screwed and keyed on it,
between the wheels the bush is turned out to form bearings to receive the balls
which revolve in the adjustable cones of the bottom bracket of the frame of the
bicycle or other vehicle.
Round the small chain wheel a chain is passed which engages with the teeth of
a larger wheel on the hub of the rear driving wheel. By means of apparatus
arranged as above described each revolution of the crank axle will drive the bush
and its chain wheel four or more revolutions. The rear driving wheel of the
vehicle being driven two or more revolutions to one revolution of the crank axle.
In the second modification we employ an interiorly toothed wheel keyed on the
crank axle which revolves in bearings in the usual way.
C
The interior toothed wheel drives a smaller wheel attached to a chain wheel,
The chain
both wheels revolving on a fixed axle carried by the bottom bracket.
wheel carries a chain which engages with the teeth of a larger wheel on the hub of
the rear driving wheel:
Or instead of the toothed wheel and chain wheel being on a fixed axle, they
may be carried by an axle revolving in bearings projecting from the bottom
bracket.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of January 1893.

page_text: .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improved Rear Driving Apparatus for Safety Bicycles and like
Vehicles.
We, MARCEL BOUDARD, Jacquard Manufacturer, and CORNELIUS, HENRY
CRAWLEY, Machinist, both of Peveril Works, Peveril Street, in the Borough
of Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to bicycles or like vehicles in which the movement of the
crank axle is communicated to the driving wheel or wheels by a chain and chain
wheels or their equivalent.
It will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a side elevation and
Fig. 2 a plan partly in section showing our invention applied to a rear driven
safety bicycle, parts only of the bicycle being shown.
Fig. 3 is a plan showing an alternative arrangement, and
Figs. 4 and 5 are plans showing modifications of Figure 3.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The crank axle a, see Figs. 1 and 2, is journalled in a sleeve which sleeve b is
also journalled in the bottom bracket c, the axle a may be mounted in ball bearings
in the sleeve in the usual manner, and the sleeve in similar bearings d in the
bracket c.
Secured to the axle a is a toothed wheel e engaging with a toothed wheel
mounted on a stud or short shaft 9 carried by an extension of the bracket c.
Secured to the wheel and rotating on the same stud g is a second wheel!
engaging with a wheel 6 secured to or formed on one end of the sleeve h, on the
other end of which is secured the driving-chain wheel h.
The driving wheels e and fl of the gearing are provided with a greater number
of teeth than the driven wheels fand in order to multiply the number of
revolutions of the driving chain wheel h with respect to that of the axle a.
The difference between the speeds of revolution of the axle a and chain wheel h
may be equal to that required between the axle a and the road driving wheel i or
(as shown in the drawing) may be in excess, in which case the driven chain wheel j
on the hub of the driving wheel may be larger and have a greater number of
teeth than the driving chain wheel h.
In the alternative arrangement shown in Figure 3 the crank axle a is journalled
in the bottom bracket c in the usual manner and carried and rotating in a
bearing secured to or forming part of the bracket c or framing is an axle.7
which may be mounted in ball bearings in the same manner as an ordinary crank
axle.
Secured to one end of the axle is the driving chain wheel and to the other
end a pinion. m engaging with an internally toothed wheel n secured to the crank
axle a.
The ratio of the wheel n and pinion m may be such as to increase the speed of
revolution of the axle / with, respect to that of the crank axle a to any required
extent.
In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the pinion m on the axle engages with an
intermediate toothed wheel o rotating on a stud o' secured to the framing or to an
extension of the bracket c the intermediate wheel o also engages with a toothed
wheel p secured to the crank axle a.
-
In the modification shown in Figure 5 the pinion m in engagement with the.
internally toothed wheel n and the driving chain wheel h may be secured together

page_text: and both pivotted on a fixed stud axle q secured to the framing. The chain wheel
in this case is on the same side as the gearing.
With the hereinbefore described arrangement the speed of revolution of the
driving chain is raised to the degree required above that of the crank axle and then
communicated to the driving wheel of the vehicle by a chain; this takes a con-
siderable amount of weight off the chain and chain wheels and the chain consequently
runs easier and may be made lighter. Any slackness in the chain is also imper-
ceptible to the rider and there is less danger of missing or losing the control of the
pedals by reason of inequalities in the road.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-.
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is,
1. In a bieyele such as described or like vehicle the employment of gearing for
communicating to the driving chain wheel a higher speed of rotation than that of
the crank-axle.
2. A bieyele such as described or like vehicle in, which the speed of rotation of
the driving chain wheel is raised above that of the crank axle by gearing,
3. 1. In a bicycle such as described or like vehicle the combination with a bearing
such as c of a sleeve such as rotating in said bearing c and forming a bearing for
the crank axle a chain wheel secured to the said sleeve axle a and gearing such
as eff substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in Figures 1
and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
42. In a bicycle such as described or like vehicle the combination with the crank
axle a having a gear wheel e secured thereon of a sleeve such as b rotating freely
on the crank axle a and carrying on one end a chain driving wheel h and on the
other a gear wheel 6' receiving its rotary motion from the wheel e through gear
wheels mounted on a. fixed stud or support substantially as described and
illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
'
5 3. In a bicycle such as described or like vehicle the combination with the
crank axle a of an axle such as l chain wheel h pinion m and internally toothed
wheel n substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in Figure 3 of
the accompanying drawings.
64. In a bicycle such as described or like vehicle the combination with a crank
axle a of an axle such as carried in a bearing & chain wheel and gearing such
as m o p substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 4 of the accompanying
drawings.
75. In a bicycle such as described or like vehicle the combination with crank
axle a of a pinion m and chain wheel mounted on a fixed stud q secured to the
framing and wheel n substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated.
in Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 12th day of April 1893.