IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FRANOIS
CHARLES PARRY, of Brompton, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, and
CHARLES DE' LAVELEYE, of King's Head Court, in the City of London, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster the Twenty-fifth day of January, in the first year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said Francis Charles
Parry and Charles de' Laveleye, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that we, the said Francis Charles Parry and Charles de Laveyele,
our exors, adiiors, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Francis Charles
Parry and Charles de' Laveleye, our exors, admors, or assigns, should at
any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS," communicated
to us from abroad; in which said Letters-Patent-is-contained a proviso
that we, the said Francis Charles Parry and Charles de' Laveleye, or one of
us, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled-in Her said
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in

page_text: and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Francis Charles Parry and Charles de' Laveleye, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention communicated to us is fully described and ascertained in and 5
by the following description thereof, referenco being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is,
to say:-
According to the present mode of making bricks, the clay after having been
dug is prepared in pug mills, or submitted to other processes in order to render it 1
fit for the hands of the moulder. Now the chief object of this Invention is to
supersede the necessity of such pug mills and other processes, and to manufacture
the bricks from the clay as dug from the ground, by means of great pressure
effected by the machinery herein-after described, by which pressure the form of
the brick is more effectually preserved, and it may be exposed to the fire much
sooner than any bricks made by means now in use, by reason of the greater
part of the moisture being forced out in consequence of the pressure. In the
Drawings marked A is shewn a view of a vertical machine by which the
Invention is caried into effect.
Figure 1: A, A, is a vertical wheel of cast iron, divided into compartments
and fixed on an iron axis E, which may be changed at pleasure, and in which
the brick earth is introduced by means of a hopper or conic box B, which keeps
the brick earth between the moulding wheel A and the pressing roller C, com-
pressing the brick earth in the reserved cavities, and receiving its motion of
rotation from the toothed wheel D fixed on the same axis, which receives its first
motion from the wheel F, fixed on the axis G, receiving its motion from
another wheel fixed on the same axis G, which communicates with the moving
power; B, B, is a conic box or reservoir for brick earth placed between the
moulding wheel A and the pressing roller C; C, C, hollow roller of brass
covered with a copper-plate to prevent the adherence of the brick earth;
D, D, cog wheel fixed on the axis E; E, axis of the moulding wheel; F, F,
toothed wheel affixed on the iron axis G; G, axis of the wheel F; II, H, are
levers fixed in the shafts J of the timber work with grooves b, b, pressing
equally the two extremities of the axis K; K, iron axis fixed in the pressing
roller C, and in the wheel M, M; L, piece of cast iron fixed on the moveable
wooden piece kept in a groove on which the pressure of the lever is made;
M, M, toothed wheel fixed on the axis K; N, N, the two knives with arms
attached, the one serving to cut the superfluous brick earth and the other
serving to carry off the brick earth adhering to the pressing roller C; 0, 0,

page_text: weights affixed to the arms of the knives N, N; P, P, inclined box lined with
copper to receive the brick earth cut off by the knives N; Q, apparatus which
divides the sand in the cavities of the moulding wheel A before the brick earth
is introduced within it, and which prevents the adhesion at the bottom of the
mould; R, sieve of iron wire upon which turns the brush Q, which is set in
motion by the wheel T working in the wheel S; S, S, wheel of wood which
receives its motion from a large pulley U attached to the wheel M. by means
of a band; T, trundle of wood fixed on the vertical tree, which causes the
brush Q to turn for the purpose of dividing the sand deposited in the sieve R,
which distributes itself uniformly upon the moulding wheel ;. U, the large pulley
of wood fixed on the arms of the wheel M, M; V, toothed wheel which causes
the pistons Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, to get in again at the bottom of the moulding
wheel A before it passes under the box, for the brick earth B; W, eccentric
of cast iron, which causes the repulsion of the pistons Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z,
as fast as they pass underneath the quarter of the circle; Y, Y, Y, Y, Y, Y,
hollow rollers of wood fixed to the frame work of the machine, which are
put in motion by a chain or band running on a pulley fixed on the hori-
zontal axis G, which gives motion to the rollers upon which rest the
boards e, e, which carry the bricks after they are forced out by the pistons
Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, as fast as they appear under the eccentric W, of which the
quickness is suitably regulated so that the bricks should drop within a desired
distance; b, b, b, b, b, b, b, framework upon which all the above-mentioned
appartaus is fixed; c, c, c, c, c, c, stone bearings to support the timber work;
e, e, e, boards on which the bricks drop when forced out by the pistons
Z, Z, Z, Z, Z, Z. To work the machine the hopper B is filled with clay, which
falls down, and by the pressure it receives from the roller wheel C, is forced
into the moulds fixed on the wheel A, which moulds descend as the wheel
revolves until they come under the fixed lever W, which is placed obliquely,
and the rods of the pistons striking against it, the bricks are forced out on to
the board e, moving on the rollers Y, as shewn in the Drawings.
In Drawing marked B are three views of a horizontal machine constructed
to produce the same effect. Figure 2 is a plan of a machine supposed to be at
work; Figure 8 is a side view; and Figure 4 is an end view. In these views the
various-parts-are marked with the same letters as in the Drawing marked A, and
it is not thought necessary to repeat the description of the same. In the Draw-
ings of the vertical machine are shewn sixty moulds attached to the wheel A,
and in the horizontal view fifty moulds working in an endless band. But
we would have it understood that we do not confine ourselves to the number
of moulds, nor to the form of them, for the moulds may be so varied in form

page_text: as to make bricks in almost endless variety for cornices and other purposes as
well as for plain buildings. The pressure on the bricks may be increased or
diminished according to the will of the workman.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we lay no
claim to the parts separately, nor do we confine ourselves to the precise arrange-
ment here shewn, as long as the character of the Invention is maintained;
but what we claim as the Invention communicated to us is, the manufacturing
bricks as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Charles Parry, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of July, One thousand cight
FRA CHA (L.s.) PARRY.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED that on the Twenty-fourth day of July, in
the year of our Lord 1838, the aforesaid Francis Charles Parry came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.