IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR AND IN THE MEANS OF MOULDING AND OUTTING TOOTHED. WHEELS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Lamb Scott, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR AND IN THE MEANS OF MOULDING AND OUTTING TOOTHED.
WHEELS."
Sealed the 19th December 1879, and dated the 21st June 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Lamb Scott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1879.
"
GEORGE LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR AND IN THE MEANS OF
MOULDING AND CUTTING TOOTHED WHEELS."
My Invention relates to that system of moulding toothed wheels in which
segmental patterns are employed, and consists, firstly, in a method of giving motion
to the trammel or radial arm which carries the said segmental pattern. With this
view I dispense with the usual worm wheel, and give direct motion to the shaft or
part which carries the trammel by means of a lever handle or similar apparatus.
Thus upon the said part I form a ratchet wheel capable of being driven in one
direction by a click or series of clicks carried by the lever handle, the said click or
clicks slipping over the teeth of the ratchet on the return motion. Or instead of
the ratchet the handle may be provided with friction apparatus or a tightening
screw or other such apparatus. In order to determine the space through which
the handle ahall pass I provide it with a stud moving in or against a sector, one
part being fixed and the other adjustable, by which means the space through which
the pattern passes is determined. The above description refers to moulding by
means of a trammel or radial arm, but my Invention may be adapted to those
machines in which the moulding is performed on a revolving table by using the
same apparatus to turn and register the position of the said table, and my Invention
may also be adapted to wheel cutting machines.
Another part of my Invention relates to a method of simplifying the operations
of the moulder. For this purpose I provide him with a staff, upon which the radius

page_text: of the wheel to be moulded is marked, and upon this is also a part having marks
which correspond to the pitch of the teeth. A pointer attached to the segmental
arm or revolving arm having been successively brought to these pitch marks shews
how far the actuating handle is to be turned, and the stop having been then
adjusted the position for future movements is determined. Or this operation may
be reversed by making the staff moveable around the centre of motion, and the
marks (which may be stops) representing the pitch of the teeth fixed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Lamb Scott in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
December 1879.
GEORGE LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR AND IN THE MEANS OF
MOULDING AND CUTTING TOOTHED WHEELS."
My Invention refers to that method of moulding toothed wheels in which a
segmental pattern is employed, and consists, firstly, in a method of giving motion 1
to the trammel or radial arm which carries the said segmental pattern. With this
view I dispense with the usual worm wheel and change gearing and give direct
motion to the trammel or radial arm, suitable stops being adapted to determine the
space through which the pattern shall pass, a similar arrangement being employed
for wheel cutting. Another part of my Invention relates to a method of simply- 1
fying the operations of the moulder. Fig. 1 represents in side elevation a partial
sido view of a moulding machine arranged on the aforesaid general principle, and
constructed according to my Invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. At 1 is
a fixed pillar, which constitutes the foundation or main support of the machine,
and which is bedded in the sand of the foundry floor, or is otherwise supported, as
is well known in machines of this class. Upon this pillar is a boss 2 mounted
loosely, so that it may turn freely, and upon which is formed a block 3 serving as
a guide for the radial arm or trammel 4 which carries the sliding bar 5, capable of
being moved upward or downward by the pulley handle 6, and gearing connected
therewith in order that the segmental pattern (not shown) may be raised or lowered,
and at 7 is the pulley handle for for adjusting the radius, all of which parts are of the
well known arrangement. This radial arm and its adjuncts are, according to the
usual method, provided with worm or other such gearing for causing them to
revolve through the spacos necessary for moulding consecutive teeth, and also with
change wheels for determining in each case what those spaces shall be. According
to my Invention however that propelling gearing and change wheels are dispensed
with. Upon the fixed pillar I are mounted loosely two flanges 9, 10, connected
together by a central boss, and having between them and fast therewith a lug 11,
to which is fixed a lever handle 12, and the said discs 9, 10, are confined in position
vertically by a cap 13 fixed to the pedestal 1. The discs 9, 10, are provided with 4

page_text: pins extending between them, and each of which carries a series of driving clicks
14 taking into a ratchet wheel 15, which is fixed by means of a boss upon the guide
block 3. The clicks 14 are kept in contact with the ratchet wheel by any suitably
adapted springs; according to the method shown in the Drawing there are tubes of
india rubber 16 threaded on transverse pins. Upon the cop 13 is formed a pro-
jecting part 17, through which there passes freely a sector bar 18 made fast at one
end to a lug 19 extending from the plate 9 by means of a set screw 20, and the
said sector bar at its other end has a projecting pin 21. According to the positions
of the parts shewn the lug 19 is against the part 17, and the segmental pattern is
raised preparatory to moving it through the angular space, which represents the
pitch. To accomplish this the lever handle 12 is turned in the direction of the
arrow, whereby the clicks 14 will cause the ratchet wheel 15, and consequently
block 3, to revolve until the set screw 20 has brought the pin 21 against the
part 17, and then the segmental pattern will have passed through the required
space, and it cannot be moved any further. A set screw 22 is now tightened,
which binds the whole together, and the moulding takes place in the usual manner.
The tooth having been moulded the pattern is raised from the sand as ordinarily
practised, and the radial arm or trammel has then to be moved through another
definite space. To accomplish this the lever handle 12 is turned in the opposite
direction to the arrow, when the clicks 14 will slip over the teeth of the ratchet
wheel 15, and the rotation of the plate 9 will bring the lug 19 and pin 21 again
into the position shown, after which the lever handle being again turned in the
direction of the arrow the same operations as those above described are repeated,
the said screw 22 being tightened between each moulding. It will be seen that.
the pin 21 registers the position at which teeth are to be moulded, and that the
lever handle 12 can never perform more than a part of a revolution, determined by.
the said pin 21, and it will also be seen that by loosening the said screw 21 and
readjusting it that the sector bar 18 may be altered in position so as to allow more
or less motion of the pin 21 before it arrives in contact with the part 17, and that
the pitch of the wheel to be moulded may thus be altered at pleasure. On com-
mencing to mould a wheel the strickle may be employed as usual to strike out the
circumference, and the pitch having been calculated an angular space thereof is
marked out; then by turning the segmental pattern so as to make it agree with
the said angular space, and by adjusting the position of the pin 21 so that it
arrives at the proper time against the part 17, and then tightening the said screw 20
every movement of the segmental pattern will be properly registered for successive
mouldings. Fig. 3 represents a modification of this part of my Invention. At 1 is
the fixed pillar, and at 3 the block mounted thereon as before, fast with the latter
of which is a pulley 30 provided with a T groove, and at 31 is another such grooved
pulley fast upon the pedestal 1, and provided with two stops 32, 33, which may be
confined in any position thereon by set screws. Between these two is situate a
bracket 34, 34°, confined to the slot of the pulley (fast with the block 3) by a set
screw. This bracket is shown as formed in two parts, for a reason hereafter to
be mentioned, but it may now be supposed as one piece. The ratchet wheel 15 is
in this modification dispensed with, and in using the apparatus, and the said
screw 35 being tightened, the arm or trammel 4 is turned direct by hand until the
bracket 34" arrives in contact with the stop 32, and that fixes the position for
the moulding to take place. That having been done the set screw 35 is loosened,
and the bracket 34 may then be moved back into the position shown ready to be
again turned into contact with the stop 32 after the screw 35 has again been
tightened, and it will be seen that by altering the relative positions of the bracket
34 and stops 32, 33, that the pitch may be varied, as in the former case. The set
screw 35 is for tightening the whole together during the operation of moulding.
The bracket 34 is made in two parts for the sake of adjustment to any inequalities
in the diameters of the two pulleys 30, 31. The block may be turned if desired by
the lever handle shown. Fig. 4 shews my Invention applied to moulding in a box,
the former description having referred to the now more usual plan of moulding upon

page_text: the floor. At 1 is the before referred to fixed pedestal, passing in this case through
a stationary table, which may be mised or lowered and fixed by 'a' set screw 40 at
any required height, and upon this table is placed the mould box A. The block 3
before described and the apparatus connected therewith being adapted to the
pedestal the consecutive mouldings go on as before described, excepting that they &
are now performed in the box A.
To adapt my Invention to wheel cutting machines it will simply be necessary to
assume that the block 3 is adapted to any ordinary apparatus which carries the
wheel to bo cut. Figs. 5 and 6 shew the next part of my Invention. At 1 is the
fixed pedestal before referred to, or that of any other machine of this class. To this 1
pedestal is adapted a split ring 41 carrying a staff 42, which is graduated with
divisions commencing from the centre of motion 1. These graduations are not
shewn, but they may be on any face of the staff, upon which is mounted a sliding
piece 43, capable of being tightened in any position by a set screw 44, and provided
with a projecting wing 45. To use this apparatus the staff 42 is adjusted, as shewn, 1
to the pedestal 1, and the sliding part 43 is then moved outward until the front of
the ring 45 is found by the graduations to represent the pitch line of the intended
wheel. The segmental pattern is now adapted to the trammel or radial arm, such
pattern having a filling piece 46 adapted between two teeth extending up to the
pitch line of the said teeth, and the said pattern is then moved forward upon its
trammel or radial arm until the filling piece is in contact with the wing 45, and
being there fixed it is in accurate radius for successive mouldings. Upon the
part 43 the pattern maker marks out the pitch of the intended wheel, and the teeth
of the segmental pattern having been turned to these marks shews whether
the pitch is correct. Before commencing to mould the block 40 is of course 2
removed.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I
claim as secured to me under the above recited Letters Patent and for the purposes
above set forth, firstly, the direct method of giving motion to the segmental
pattern or wheel to be cut, in conjunction with suitable stops, substantially as
described; secondly, the method of simplyfying the operation of the moulder, sub-
stantially as described in reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Lamb Scott, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord 3
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Lamb Scott, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR AND IN THE MEANS OF MOULDING AND CUTTING TOOTHED
WHEELS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Lamb Scott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1879.
GEORGE LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR AND IN THE MEANS OF
MOULDING AND CUTTING TOOTHED WHEELS."
My Invention relates to that system of moulding toothed wheels in which
segmental patterns are employed, and consists, firstly, in a method of giving motion
to the trammel or radial arm which carries the said segmental pattern. With this
view I dispense with the usual worm wheel, and give direct motion to the shaft or
part which carries the trammel by means of a lever handle or similar apparatus.
Thus upon the said part I form a ratchet wheel capable of being driven in one
direction by a click or series of clicks carried by the lever handle, the said click or
clicks alipping over the teeth of the ratchet on the return motion. Or instead of
the ratchet the handle may be provided with friction apparatus or a tightening
screw or other such apparatus. In order to determine the space through which
the handle shall pass I provide it with a stud moving in or against a sector, one
part being fixed and the other adjustable, by which means the space through which
the pattern passes is determined. The above description refers to moulding by
means of a trammel or radial arm, but my Invention may be adapted to those
machines in which the moulding is performed on a revolving table by using the
same apparatus to turn and register the position of the said table, and my Invention
may also be adapted to wheel cutting machines.
Another part of my Invention relates to a method of simplifying the operations
of the moulder. For this purpose I provide him with a staff upon which the radins

page_text: of the wheel to be moulded is marked, and upon this is also a part having marks
which correspond to the pitch of the teeth. A pointer attached to the segmental
arm or revolving arm having been successively brought to these pitch marks shews
how far the actuating handle is to be turned, and the stop having been then
adjusted the position for future movements is determined. Or this operation may
be reversed by making the staff moveable around the contre of motion, and the
marks (which may be stops) representing the pitch of the teeth fixed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Lamb Scott in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
December 1879.
GEORGE LAMB SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR AND IN THE MEANS OF
MOULDING AND CUTTING TOOTHED WHEELS."
My Invention refers to that method of moulding toothed wheels in which a
segmental pattern is employed, and consists, firstly, in a method of giving motion
to the trammel or radial arm which carries the said segmental pattern. With this
view I dispense with the usual worm wheel and change gearing and give direct
motion to the trammel or radial arm, suitable stops being adapted to determine the
space through which the pattern shall pass, a similar arrangement being employed
for wheel cutting. Another part of my Invention relates to a method of simply-
fying the operations of the moulder. Fig. 1 represents in side elevation a partial
Bide view of a moulding machine arranged on the aforesaid general principle, and
constructed according to my Invention, and Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. At 1 is
a fixed pillar, which constitutes the foundation or main support of the machine,
and which is bedded in the sand of the foundry floor, or is otherwise supported, as
is well known in machines of this class. Upon this pillar is a boss 2 mounted
loosely, so that it may turn freely, and upon which is formed a block 3 serving as
a guide for the radial arm or trammel 4 which carries the sliding bar 5, capable of
being moved upward or downward by the pulley handle 6, and georing connected
therewith in order that the segmental pattern (not shown) may be raised or lowered,
and at 7 is the pulley handle for for adjusting the radius, all of which parts are of the
well known arrangement. This radial arm and its adjuncts are, according to the
usual method, provided with worm or other such gearing for causing them to
revolve through the spaces necessary for moulding consecutive teeth, and also with
change wheels for determining in each case what those spaces shall be. According
to my Invention however that propelling gearing and change wheels are dispensed
with. Upon the fixed pillar i are mounted loosely two flanges 9, 10, connected
together by a central boss, and having between them and fast therewith a lug 11,
to which is fixed a lever handle 12, and the said discs 9, 10, are confined in position
vertically by a cap 13 fixed to the pedestal 1. The discs 9, 10, are provided with

page_text: pins extending between them, and each of which carries a series of driving clicks
14 taking into a ratchet wheel 15, which is fixed by means of a boss upon the guide.
block 3. The clicks 14 are kept in contact with the ratchet wheel by any suitably
adapted springs; according to the method shown in the Drawing there are tubes of
india rubber 16 threaded on transverse pins. Upon the cop 13 is formed a pro-
jecting part 17, through which there passes freely a sector bar 18 made fast at one
end to a lug 19 extending from the plate 9 by means of a set screw 20, and the
said sector bar at its other end has a projecting pin 21. According to the positions
of the parts shewn the lug 19 is against the part 17, and the segmental pattern is
raised preparatory to moving it through the angular space, which represents the
pitch. To accomplish this the lever handle 12 is turned in the direction of the
arrow, whereby the clicks 14 will cause the ratchet wheel 15, and consequently
block 3, to revolve until the set screw 20 has brought the pin 21 against the
part 17, and then the segmental pattern will have passed through the required
space, and it cannot be moved any further. A set screw 22 is now tightened,
which binds the whole together, and the moulding takes place in the usual manner.
The tooth having been moulded the pattern is raised from the sand as ordinarily
practised, and the radial arm or trammel has then to be moved through another
definite space. To accomplish this the lever handle 12 is turned in the opposite
direction to the arrow, when the clicks 14 will slip over the teeth of the ratchet
wheel 15, and the rotation of the plate 9 will bring the lug 19 and pin 21 again
into the position shown, after which the lever handle being again turned in the
direction of the arrow the same operations as those above described are repeated,
the said screw 22 being tightened between each moulding. It will be seen that
the pin 21 registers the position at which teeth are to be moulded, and that the
lever handle 12 can never perform more than a part of a revolution, determined by.
the said pin 21, and it will also be seen that by loosening the said screw 21 and
readjusting it that the sector bar 18 may be altered in position so as to allow more
or less motion of the pin 21 before it arrives in contact with the part 17, and that
the pitch of the wheel to be moulded may thus be altered at pleasure. On com-
mencing to mould a wheel the strickle may be employed as usual to strike out the
circumference, and the pitch having been calculated an angular space thereof is
marked out; then by turning the segmental pattern so as to make it agree with
the said angular space, and by adjusting the position of the pin 21 so that it
arrives at the proper time against the part 17, and then tightening the said screw 20
every movement of the segmental pattern will be properly registered for successive
mouldings. Fig. 3 represents a modification of this part of my Invention. At 1 is
the fixed pillar, and at 3 the block mounted thereon as before, fast with the latter
of which is a pulley 30 provided with a T groove, and at 31 is another such grooved
pulley fast upon the pedestal 1, and provided with two stops 32, 33, which may be
confined in any position thereon by set screws. Between these two is situate a
bracket 34, 34, confined to the slot of the pulley (fast with the block 3) by a set
screw. This bracket is shown as formed in two parts, for a reason hereafter to
be mentioned, but it may now be supposed as one piece. The ratchet wheel 15 is
in this modification dispensed with, and in using the apparatus, and the said
screw 35 being tightened, the arm or trammel 4 is turned direct by hand until the
bracket 34* arrives in contact with the stop 32, and that fixes the position for
the moulding to take place. That having been done the set screw 35 is loosened,
and the bracket 34 may then be moved back into the position shewn ready to be
again turned into contact with the stop 32 after the screw 35 has again been
tightened, and it will be seen that by altering the relative positions of the bracket
34 and stops 32, 33, that the pitch may be varied, as in the former case. The set
screw 35 is for tightening the whole together during the operation of moulding.
The bracket 34 is made in two parts for the sake of adjustment to any inequalities
in the diameters of the two pulleys 30, 31. The block may be turned if desired by
the lever handle shewn. Fig. 4 shews my Invention applied to moulding in a box,
the former description having referred to the now more usual plan of moulding upon

page_text: the floor. At 1 is the before referred to fixed pedestal, passing in this case through
a stationary table, which may be raised or lowered and fixed by a set screw 40 at
any required height, and upon this table is placed the mould box A. The block 3
before described and the apparatus connected therewith being adapted to the
pedestal 1 the consecutive mouldings go on as before described, excepting that they
are now performed in the box A.
To adapt my Invention to wheel cutting machines it will simply be necessary to
assume that the block 3 is adapted to any ordinary apparatus which carries the
wheel to be cut. Figs. 5 and 6 shew the next part of my Invention. At 1 is the
fixed pedestal before referred to, or that of any other machine of this class. To this 1
pedestal is adapted a split ring 41 carrying a staff 42, which is graduated with
divisions commencing from the centre of motion 1. These graduations are not
shewn, but they may be on any face of the staff, upon which is mounted a sliding
piece 43, capable of being tightened in any position by a set screw 44, and provided
with a projecting wing 45. To use this apparatus the staff 42 is adjusted, as shewn, 1
to the pedestal 1, and the sliding part 43 is then moved outward until the front of
the ring 45 is found by the graduations to represent the pitch line of the intended
wheel. The segmental pattern is now adapted to the trammel or radial arm, such
pattern having a filling piece 46 adapted between two teeth extending up to the
pitch line of the said teeth, and the said pattern is then moved forward upon its
trammel or radial arm until the filling piece is in contact with the wing 45, and
being there fixed it is in accurate radius for successive mouldings. Upon the
part 43 the pattern maker marks out the pitch of the intended wheel, and the teeth
of the segmental pattern having been turned to these marks shews whether
the pitch is correct. Before commencing to mould the block 46 is of course ?
removed.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that I
claim as secured to me under the above recited Letters Patent and for the purposes
above set forth, firstly, the direct method of giving motion to the segmental 3
pattern or wheel to be cut, in conjunction with suitable stops, substantially as
described; secondly, the method of simplyfying the operation of the moulder, sub-
stantially as described in reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Lamb Scott, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord 3
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
GEORGE L SCOTT 1.a)