Portable Apparatus for Heating by Electricity Water, Milk, or other Liquids Contained in Cups, Jugs, or other Vessels, and for Making Tea and other Drinks.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 21st Jan., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Portable Apparatus for Heating by Electricity Water, Milk, or other
Liquids Contained in Cups, Jugs, or other Vessels, and for
Making Tea and other Drinks.
I, WILLIAM CORIN of 182 Devonshire Road, Forest Hill, in the County of
Kent, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide a simple and convenient portable or
detachable apparatus for expeditiously heating by means of electric current, water,
milk or other liquid contained in a cup, jug or other vessel, the invention being of
special use for heating water, milk or other drinks, or shaving water, or for keeping
the same hot, and also for making tea, cocoa or coffee.
The apparatus consists of an annular liquid-tight vessel, cylindrical, conical or
otherwise made of thin sheet metal for instance copper or tinplate and having
within its narrow annular close space a helical coil of wire of high resistance,
platinoid wire for instance. Upon the annular space side of that wall of the vessel
which is next to the centre I lap a suitable insulating sheet material such for
instance as asbestos cloth or paper and upon this I wind the aforesaid coil, the
in-going part of which I may place between the two overlaps of the asbestos cloth
and carry down to the lower end of the vessel and then continue up helically, the
in and out-going ends being soldered to insulated copper leads passing through a
small metallic pipe or pipes soldered to the upper end of the annular vessel and
forming a handle thereto. Or I may commence the winding at the top and carry
the winding down helically to the bottom and then continue it up again to the top
of the vessel in a second coil which is insulated from the first by a layer of
insulating material. For alternating currents I may or may not wind the second
coil in the reverse direction to the first so as to make the whole non-inductive.
order to promote the circulation of the liquid and thus expedite the beating action
I carry the inner or outer wall of the vessel down below the soldered seam which
unites the two walls and I form notches or apertures through this lower projecting
part leaving a clear space for circulation below the vessel, the parts not cut away
forming legs, or I may solder on special pegs forming legs; moreover the outer
and inner walls of the vessel in contact with the liquid may be formed or provided
with helical indentations or grooves, which as regards the inner wall would serve
as guide for winding the coil on and keep it in place. If it should happen that
the inner wall gets hot much faster than the outer the inner surface of the latter
may be blackened to increase its absorptiveness. The vessel is immersed in the
liquid to be heated. I may combine two or more such vessels concentrically into
one the wire being carried from one vessel or compartment to the other inside tubes
soldered to and uniting the vessels.
In
In order to adapt the apparatus to making tea I provide it with a finely
perforated bottom in the interior either detachable or permanently fixed for
retaining the tea leaves therein. The inner wall is for the same reason carried
up a little above the joint with the outer wall, so as to be above the surface of the
water.
When adapted for making coffee I provide a filter-bag with flange which may
rest upon the top of the vessel or upon a flange on the interior thereof.

page_text: In some cases I find it convenient to fit a simple form of switch or plug to the
handle of the apparatus for the purpose of readily turning the current on and off.
Dated this 21st day of April 1894.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Portable Apparatus for Heating by Electricity Water, Milk, or other
Liquids Contained in Cups, Jugs, or other Vessels, and for
Making Tea and other Drinks.
I, WILLIAM CORIX of 182 Devonshire Road Forest Hill in the County of
Kent Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide a simple and convenient portable or
detachable apparatus for expeditiously heating by means of electric current water
milk or other liquid contained in a cup, jug or other vessel, the invention being of
special use for heating water, milk, or other drinks, or shaving water, or for keeping
the same hot, and also for making tea, cocoa or coffee and for boiling eggs.
The apparatus is shewn in several forms on the accompanying drawing.
In the vertical sectional view Figure 1 the apparatus consists of an annular
liquid tight vessel A B, made of thin sheet metal for instance copper or tin plate.
It may be cylindrical, conical or otherwise. Upon the inner wall B of the vessel
I lap a suitable insulating sheet material C such for instance as asbestos cloth or
asbestos paper, and upon this I wind a helical coil D2 of wire of high resistance,
platinoid wire for instance, the ingoing part D' of the wire 1 may as shewn place
between the two overlaps of the asbestos cloth and carry down to the lower end of
the vessel and then continue up helically. The in- and outgoing leads being
soldered to insulated copper leads D and Ď³ pass through a small metallic pipe E
or pipes soldered to the upper end of the annular vessel A B and forming a handle
thereto. The handle is covered with a ferrule of wood or other suitable non-
conducting material and the leads are continued out as a flexible cord with a plug
at the end for connection to the source of supply of electricity. The handle is by
preference fitted with a switch which may be of the form shewn, the key being of
the section shewn in Figure 1A that is with a metal rivet H' passing through an
octagonal part H Figure 1B of insulating material; this key has its bearing in the
brass bush O and works between the two spring contacts N and S. This handle is
by preference on one side of the heater so that a cover may be placed over the
heater and the vessel into which it is inserted, thus preventing needless loss of heat
and so that a clear space is provided in the centre of the heater for facilitating
egg boiling and for making tea, coffee and the like. In order to promote the
circulation and equalisation of temperature of the liquid whereinto the heater is
placed and thus to expedite the heating action I carry the outer wall A (or it may
be the inner wall B) down below the soldered seam which unites the two walls, and
I form notches or apertures through this lower projecting part leaving a clear space
for circulation below the vessel, the parts not cut away forming legs A*; or I may
solder on special pegs forming legs. Moreover the outer and inner walls of the
vessel in contact with the liquid may be formed or provided with helical
indentations or grooves, which as regards the inner wall B would serve as guide
for winding the coil on or keep it in place. The wires instead of being wound in
the manner shewn in Figure 1 may be covered with asbestos before winding and
the insulating sheet B dispensed with. Or I may as an insulator employ such
covering materials as cotton or silk, the covered wire being then preferably

page_text: varnished. In such case I do not make the wire glow but keep its temperature but
little above the boiling point of water, so as not to destroy the cotton or silk.
Figure 2 shews another form of heater, specially applicable for egg boiling and
other purposes where varying temperature is desirable. In this construction two
annular vessels A B and A¹ B' are combined into one structure the ingoing wire D
being continued through a stiffening tube Ax** into the down going coil D' in the
vessel A B and continued through the stiffening tube A up in the rising coil D'
in the vessel A B; other stiffening tubes 13" or other stays are provided between
the two vessels. In all cases prefer to wind the second coil in the reverse
direction to the first so as to make the whole non-inductive, so that the heater may
be used indifferently on direct or alternating electric supply systems. A switch is
here shown at the outer end of the handle so arranged as to enable the current to
be passed through both coils or through one of them only (for the purpose of, after
rapidly heating, merely keeping water or other liquid just boiling or merely hot).
In that case pass a third wire D' from the junction between the two coils D₁
and D up to and through the handle to the switch.
Figure 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the contact and
Figs. 2, 2 and 2D are diagrams illustrating the various positions of the
switch. Two of the terminals N are connected to oue main of the supply and the
third terminal to the other main.
Figure 3 shows an apparatus adapted for making tea. The ingoing lead D is
continued down into the coil D' upon the asbestos cloth C and then up in the
coil D to the lead D³; between the naked wire coils D1 and D is a layer C¹ of
asbestos cloth or the like. If as beforementioned the temperature is kept low,
paper or woven silk or cotton or the like may be used instead of the asbestos cloth.
The outer wall A is continued up some distance so as to be above the surface of
the water. Small holes A are provided for assisting circulation of the water or
other liquid.
Figure 4 shows another form of heater which is adapted for making tea, for
which purpose it is provided with a finely perforated bottom F either detachable or
permanently fixed, for retaining the tea leaves thereon. G is a perforated lid.
The water having been made to boil, the vessel A B is lifted out of the water.
The tea leaves are put into the vessel and the lid put on, whereupon the vessel is
immersed in the boiling water again. Or instead of the perforated lid G and
the perforated bottom F, I may use the strainer vessel shown in Figure 5 having
perforated bottom Fl and perforated detachable lid G; the walls are by preference
perforated and should be slightly conical in order to facilitate its insertion in the
heater, by preference of the form shown in Figure 4. The coil wires D¹ and D
are wound with asbestos yarn or other suitable insulating material.
When the apparatus is to be adapted for making coffee I provide a filter bag
with flange which may rest upon the top of the vessel A B Fig. 3 or upon the
Hange formed by the top of the annular chamber or I fit a filter bag inside the
strainer Figure 5 or 1 use no bag but provide the strainer Figure 5 or the bottom
and lid of the vessel Figure 6 with very fine perforations.
The form of switch shown in Figure 1 or the one shown in Figure 2 may be used
in the apparatus shown in Figures and 4. Either of the forms of winding
described may be used in any of the arrangements shown. The heater may be
detachably or permanently combined with the vessel containing the liquid to be
heated; for this purpose the latter vessel may be formed with a lip and the heater
with a tongue which engages therewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The application and use in portable or detachable annular electric heaters of
feet to the bottom of same for the purpose of promoting circulation of the liquid
and equalisation of its temperature.

page_text: 2. The application and use in portable or detachable annular electric heaters of
a laterally arranged tubular handle with or without switch therein.
3. In annular portable or detachable electric heaters the arrangements of coils
and coil insulation described and shewn and specifically that of cheap combustible
materials for the wire coverings while using a low temperature.
4. The constructions of portable or detachable electric heaters shewn on the
drawing.
5. The combination of the heater described, detachably or permanently, with the
vessel for the liquid to be heated.
Dated this 21st day of January 1895.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.