IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF HUMAN EXCREMENT, BOTH SOLID AND LIQUID, AND ALSO OTHER ANIMAL URINE, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bridge Baron Standen, of Shipley, near Bradford,
in the County of York, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF HUMAN EXCREMENT, BOTH SOLID
AND LIQUID, AND ALSO OTHER ANIMAL URINE, AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN.
"
Scaled the 5th March 1875, and dated the 11th September 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bridge Baron Standen
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th September 1874.
I, BRIDGE BARON STANDEN, of Shipley, near Bradford, in the County
of York, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREatment or HumaN EXCREMENT,
BOTH SOLID AND LIQUID, AND ALSO OTHER ANIMAL URINE, AND IN THE APPARATUS,
EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-.
The Invention relates to improvements on means described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, bearing date the 11th
of September 1872, No. 2687, for treating human excrement, both solid
and liquid, and also other animal urine.

page_text: The matters to be operated upon are as in the Specification of my said
former Letters Patent placed in a cistern or tank through a separator
formed of sieve or other suitable reticulate work adapted to act as a
screen to separate paper and other foreign matters of bulk from the
other matters, and these matters are now thoroughly mixed in this
cistern by revolving agitators or stirrers. The matters thus collected and
mixed in this cistern or tank are then, according to my present improve-
ments, removed to another cistern or tank to be acted upon by sulphuric
acid. The sulphuric acid is added as heretofore, until by the use of the
ordinary tests a neutral state is obtained and the ammonia fixed. The
product obtained is now as heretofore transferred to another chamber,
which when closed is heated to a high temperature by means of steam
which is now applied in a jacket to the bottom and so as to rise partly
up the sides or lower surface of this vessel. The vapour produced by
this heating is conducted away by a pipe through suitable valve arrange-
ment, and is condensed in condensing chambers, and then cooled by
being caused to circulate in cooling channels. After this evaporation by
heat has been continued for some time the more solid portion is allowed
to flow out from this heating chamber through a valve passage into a
receiver in which such matter is allowed to cool, and when cooled it is
placed in a pan heated by steam applied to a bottom jacket, such pan
having a moveable cover and an escape pipe, so that during the heating
the vapours produced may be conducted away and condensed, as before
stated. When the matters in this pan have been heated until they are
of somewhat a pasty consistency the cover is removed and the product
transferred to trays which are placed in ovens, which are by preference
heated by steam, and solid blocks are obtained. These blocks are then
reduced into small particles for package and usc.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BRIDGE
BARON STANDEN, of Shipley, near Bradford, in the County of York,
Manufacturing Chemist, send greeting.

page_text: 19
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty-Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Bridge Baron Standen, Her
special license that I; the said Bridge Baron Standen, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Bridge
Baron Standen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF HUMAN EXCREMENT; BOTH
SOLID AND LIQUID, AND ALSO OTHER ANIMAL URINE, AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said:
Bridge Baron Standen, my executors or administrators, by an instrument:
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals; should.
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months-
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Bridge Baron Standen, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained.
in and by the following statement thereof; that is to say:
The Invention relates to improvements on means described in the
Specification of Letters Patent granted to me, bearing date the 11th of
September, 1872, No. 2087, for treating human excrement, both solid
and liquid, and also other animal urine.
The matters to be operated upon are as in the Specification of my said
former Letters Patent placed in a cistern or tank through a separator
formed of sieve or suitable reticulate work, adapted to act as a screen to
separate paper and other foreign matters of bulk from the other matters,
and these matters are now thoroughly mixed in this cistern by revolving
agitators or stirrers. The matters thus collected and mixed in this
cistern or tank are then according to my present improvements removed
to another cistern or tank to be acted upon by sulphuric acid. The

page_text: sulphuric acid is added as stated by me in my former Specification
referred to, until by the use of the ordinary tests a neutral state is
obtained and the ammonia fixed. The product obtained is now as here.
tofore transferred to another chamber, which when closed is heated to a
high temperature by means of steam, which is now applied in a jacket
to the bottom and so as to rise partly up the sides or lower surface of
this vessel. The vapour produced by this heating is conducted away by
a pipe through suitable valve arrangement, and is condensed in con-
densing chambers, and then cooled by being caused to circulate in
cooling channels. After this evaporation by heat has been continued
for some time the more solid portion is allowed to flow out from the
heating chamber through a valve passage into a receiver, in which such
matter is allowed to cool, and when cooled it is placed in a pan heated
by steam applied to a bottom jacket, such pan having a moveable cover
and an escape pipe, so that during the heating the vapours produced
may be conducted away and condensed, as before stated. When the
matters in this pan have been heated until they are of somewhat a pasty
consistency the cover is removed and the product transferred to trays
which are placed in ovens, which are by preference heated by steam
until solid blocks are obtained. These blocks are then reduced into
small particles for package and use.
Having thus described my improvements, and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the treatment of human excrement, both solid and liquid, and
also other animal urine in the manner and by apparatus substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bridge Baron Standen, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of March, in the
year
T]
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