Improvements in and relating to Sash Fasteners.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Sash Fasteners.
I, HOBART BENEDICT IVES, a citizen of, the United States of America,
residing at 147 Quinnipiac Street. in the City and County of New Haven and
State of Connecticut, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby.
declare the nature of this invention, .and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following.
statement:-
Reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which―
Figure 1 shows a perspective view of my improved sash fastener, with the parts
in position, as when the latch hook has been swung into engagement with the
keeper into its fixed sash locking position;
Figure 2 is a view of a section on line -x of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a view of a section on a line at right angles to line -x;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the base of the fastener;
Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of the same;
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the under side of the latch-hook;
Figure 7 a similar view of the under side of the turning knob with the concave
washer in place therein;
Figure 8 a similar view, but with the washer shown separated from the
knob; and
Figure 9 a plan view of the fastener with the knob shown only in dotted lines
and the pivot pin in section, the parts being shown in full lines in position which
they have when the latch hook is swung back and locked in its open position, and
in dotted lines in the position assumed by them when the fastener is closed to lock
the sash rails together.
Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the several figures.
The object of my invention has been to provide an improved fastener for locking.
together the meeting rails of sashes, and, to this end―
My invention consists in the fastener and in the parts thereof, constructed,
arranged, and combined, as hereinafter specified.
The special purpose which I have had in view, in inventing the present sash
fastener, has been to make a fastener with the base and latch hook of stamped
metal, having its parts made in the cheapest and yet strongest way, and which shall
require the least possible number of operations to complete its parts, and be most
economical of material, in its manufacture.
In the drawings A designates the keeper, which is to be. attached, in the
ordinary way, by screws a, a, or otherwise, to the meeting rail B of one sash; and
C designates the base, upon which the latch hook D, to engage the keeper A, rests
and moves.
This base is to be attached by screws bb, or otherwise, as desired, to the meeting
rail B' of the other sash.
As shown, it is made of stamped metal, preferably steel, though brass or other
alloy or metal can be used, if desired, without departure from my invention.
It is stamped so as to have its main portion raised, to form a table, upon which
the latch hook D can rest and be supported, and a downwardly projecting flange c
extending around its edge, such flange being intended to rest upon the meeting.
rail B' of the sash to which the base is fastened.

page_text: The middle portion of the table or raised main portion of the base is stamped
down, to form a recess c', the side walls of which are to form the guides and locking
surfaces, for engaging the lugs d d on the latch hook.
As shown, the walls of the recess are shaped so as to form two curved guiding
surfaces cc, concentric with a hole 3 extending through the bottom of the
recess c', and the two recesses or offsets c¹ c, extending at right angles to each
other.
One end of each of the curved surfaces
recesses or offsets.
extends around to one of such
The adjoining sides of the recesses or offsets c c', extend inward, until they meet,
forming stop shoulders coc³.
Diametrically opposite to the point where these sides meet, on the other side of
the hole e, is a second inwardly extending portion of the raised part of the base,
having its opposite sides in line with opposite sides of the recesses or offsets c c,
and forming stop shoulders cc.
The latch hook D, having the longitudinal slot d' and the two dependent lugs dd,
at opposite ends of the slot, rests upon the base C, so that its lugs enter the recess c
of the base.
Extending out from the inner end of slot d', at or nearly at right angles thereto,
is another slot d2.
The latch hook, like the base, is stamped out of sheet metal, so as to have the
flange d³, on its under side, extending around its edge, and adapted to rest and
slide upon the table or raised portion of the base.
The lugs d d on the latch hook are of such length, that they extend down below
the top of the. raised part of the base, well into the recess c', and are at such
distance apart that, as one is in contact with one of the curved surfaces c², the
other will stand close to the other curved surface c².
These lugs are formed in one piece with the latch hook, being made of tongues or
ears, each separated from the body of the latch hook, except at one end, and bent
downward, to stand at substantially a right angle to such body, as shown.
They can be readily struck down by a suitably shaped die, the spaces left by
the bending down of the portions forming the lugs making the end portions of the
slot d¹.
The knob E, for actuating the latch hook and holding it in its closed and opened
positions, carries the pivot pin e, preferably cast in it, which pin extends down
through the slot d', in the latch hook D, and the hole c³ in the base C, and has its
lower end headed down against. the under side of a washer e', on the lower side of
the bottom of the depressed part of the table on the base.
The knob E also has, on its under side, an eccentric pin or stud e² to engage the
slot d².
Around the pivot pin e, in the under side of the knob, is a circular-recess e³, in
which is situated the edge of a cupped or concave washer e', having its concave side
turned upwards towards the knob.
The recess is slightly greater in diameter than the washer, when the latter is not
compressed, as hereinafter described, the object being to allow room for the spread
of the washer edge.
In one side of the washer there is a notch e to engage the stud e², so as to make
the washer rotate with the knob..
The washer is made of such concavity, that its under side will, before the knob
is forced down upon the latch hook, project beyond the plane of the under side of
the knob.
With this construction, as the parts are being assembled, and the knob is pressed
down in place, over the latch hook, and held there by the described heading of the
lower end of the pivot pin, against the under side of the washer e', the washer *
will be compressed and flattened, so that it will form a spring, to bear with a strong
but yielding pressure upon the top of the latch hook around the pin e.
This gives the desired friction, to oppose the free accidental swinging of the

page_text: knob, with reference to the latch; and causes the latch hook to be held down in
place, on the base, so that the desired friction between the hook and base is
obtained.
Both the base and the latch hook being made with the flanges extending around
their bodies are very strong and well adapted to resist any power tending to bend
them out of shape, even when the metal from which they are stamped is quite
thin.
The operation of my sash fastener is briefly as follows:-
With the parts of the device in the position indicated in full lines in Figure 9,
and the fastener with its keeper, fastened to the meeting rails of two sashes as
indicated in Figure 1, if the knob E be turned in the direction of the arrow, the
engagement of the eccentric,stud with the slot in the latch hook will tend to
swing the latch hook about the pivot pin e as a center, but this swinging is
prevented by the engagement of the front or outer lug d on the latch hook with.
the side recess or offset ct from recess c¹.
The latch hook is then moved longitudinally inward, without swinging, until
the said lug d is clear of the forward wall of the offset, and in line with the curved
surface c which runs to such offset.
The rear or inner lng d then comes into contact with the outer curved surface c³,
and the latch hook, being free to turn, is, by the pressure of the stud against the
side of the slot d², caused to swing about the pivot pin e being guided, in its
swinging, by the rear or inner lug d engaging the inner or rear curved surface of
on the base.
This swinging of the latch hook, as the knob is turned, continues, until the hook
conies into position to engage the keeper A.
The rear or inner lug d on the hook is, then, in line with the offset c at the rear
side of the recess c¹ and in contact with the shoulder formed of the inwardly
extending further side of the offset.
As this shoulder e stops the swing of the latch hook and the latter is, by the
presence of the adjoining recess or offset e, left free to move longitudinally inward
or rearward, the pressure of the stud 2 on the side of the slot d causes the hook
to be drawn inward to carry its lug d into the offset, and, cause its hooked end to
draw the keeper towards the base C, so as to draw the sash bars or rails together.
In the meantime, one of the other stop shoulders cc has acted as a stop for the
other or outer lug d on the latch hook.
As the latch hook is drawn in, in the manner described the eccentric stud e² of
the knob E, rides in, along the rear side of the slot 2, until it comes in contact
with the rear end of slot di in position to surely and effectually hold the latch hook
from outward longitudinal movement. The latch hook will, then, be locked from
movement in any direction, since it is also incapable of swinging, because of the
engagement of its rear lug d with the locking recess or offset e and the engagement
of the pivot pine with the slot d'.
Rotation or swinging of the knob, in the other direction first causes the stud e²
to pass into slot d³, so that the pressure of the stud on the outer or forward side of
such slot, will cause the latch hook to first move outward, to free its rear or inner
lug d from the locking offset or recess c, and bring its other lug d against the
forward or outer curved surface c².
The latch hook, being then guided by the engagement of its lug with this
surface, will swing about the pivot pin e, as a center, so as to disengage its hook
from the keeper A.
This swinging of the latch hook, caused by the engagement of the stud with
slot d, continues, until stopped by the striking of the outer or forward lug d
against the stop shoulder on the further side of the offset e towards which such
lug is moved by the first described swinging of the latch hook.
As the swinging movement of the latch hook is thus arrested by the stop
shoulder, the pressure of the stud e upon the side of slot d moves the latch book
longitudinally outward again, into the position in which it is shown in full lines in

page_text: Figure 9, where it is held from swinging back towards the keeper again, by the
engagement of the outer lug d with the retaining offset c', into which it has been
moved, and the engagement of the pivot pin e with the slot d'.
As the forward or outer lug comes into engagement with the stop shoulder c
at the end of the back swing of the latch hook, the other lug d engages one of
the other stop shoulders e, which assists in guiding the latch book in its
described outward longitudinal movement, taking place at the end of its forward
swing.
It will be noticed that the guiding and locking lugs d d, on the latch hook,
which are, as herein before described, formed by bending down portions or tongues
of the metal of the latch hook, are so shaped and situated as to best and most
strongly resist any power tending to swing the latch hook, when the latter is locked
shut or open.
All strain brought upon one of the lugs by force exerted to swing the latch,
when the lug is in the respective retaining recess or offset e, will be in a direction
substantially in line with the side or edge of the lug, and at right angles to the
plane in which the lug has been bent down from the latch hook, so that such strain
can have no tendency to bend the lug up or down.
The base is strengthened and made very stiff against bending both by the
Bange forming part of it and extending downward around its edge, and by
the stamping down of the middle portion of its main part or table, to form the
recess c¹.
The stamped down part being in one piece with said main part or table, renders
the latch.hook supporting part of the base, most stiff and strong, even when such
base is made of thin metal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is :-
1. In a sash fastener in combination with a latch hook having a longitudinal
slot, an eccentric slot and a guiding and locking lug, a rotary knob having a pivot
pin and a stud to actuate the latch hook, and a stamped basé having a stiffening
flange around it and a recess having its sides formed to make a guiding surface and
locking recess or notch to be engaged by the lug on the latch hook, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
2. In a sash fastener in combination with a latch hook having a longitudinal
slot, an eccentric slot and two guiding and locking lugs, a rotary knob having
a pivot pin and an eccentric stud to actuate the latch hook, and a base stamped
to give it a raised portion with a dependent flange around it, and a recess in
such portion having its sides shaped to form curved guiding surfaces and offsets
or notches to be engaged by the lugs on the latch hook, substantially as and
for the purpose shown.
3. In a sash fastener in combination with a base stamped to give it a raised
portion with dependent stiffening flange around it and a recess formed by
stamping down a part of the raised portion, such recess having its sides provided
with one or more curved surfaces with an offset or notch at the end of each
curved surface, a latch hook to swing and slide on such base having one or
more guiding and locking lugs, a rotary knob, and eccentric connections between
such knob and the latch hook, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In a sash fastener in combination with a base provided with a curved guiding
surface and a locking offset or notch, a stamped latch hook having a guiding and
locking lug formed on it by bending a portion of the latch hook at an angle to its
body,
a rotary knob and eccentric connections between such knob and the latch
hook for actuating the latter, substantially as.and for the purpose.described.
.5. In.a sash fastener in combination with a base provided with suitable curved
guiding surfaces and locking offsets at the ends of such surfaces,.a. stamped. latch
hook having the two guiding and locking lugs formed on it by bending down portions

page_text: of its body, a rotary knob and eccentric connections between such knob and
the latch hook for actuating the latter, substantially as and for the purpose.
specified.
6. In a sash fastener in combination with a base provided with a curved guiding.
surface and a locking offset at the end thereof, a stamped latch hook having a
dependent stiffening flange around it, and a guiding and locking lug formed by
bending down a portion of the body of the latch hook, a rotary knob, and eccentric
connections between such knob and the latch hook for actuating the latter,
substantially as and for the purpose shown.
7. In combination with a base having two guiding surfaces with locking offsets.
at the ends thereof, a stamped latch hook having a dependent stiffening flange
around it, and the two guiding and locking lugs formed by bending down portions
of the body of the latch hook, a rotary knob and eccentric connections between
such knob and the latch hook, for actuating the latter, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
8. In a sash fastener in combination with a base provided with a curved guiding
surface and a shoulder, a stamped latch hook having a dependent stiffening flange
around it, a longitudinal slot, an eccentric slot and a guiding and locking lug
formed by bending down a portion of the latch hook at the end of the longitudinal
slot, a rotary knob having an eccentric stud and a pivot pin connecting such knob.
with the base passing through the longitudinal slot in the latch hook, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
9. In a sash fastener in combination with a suitable base provided with two
curved guiding surfaces with a shoulder at the end of each of said surfaces, a
stamped latch hook having a dependent stiffening flange around it, a longitudinal
slot, an eccentric slot, and the two guiding and locking lugs formed by bending
down portions of the material of the latch hook at opposite ends of the longitudinal
slot, a rotary knob having an eccentric stud, and a pivot pin connecting such knob
with the base passing through the longitudinal slot in the latch hook, substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
10. In a sash fastener in combination with a stamped base having the raised
portion with dependent stiffening flange around it, and the recess formed by
stamping down a part of such portion, having a curved guiding surface with a
locking notch or offset at the end thereof, the stamped latch hook having the
dependent stiffening flange to rest upon the raised portion of the base, a longitudinal
slot, an eccentric slot, and a portion bent down to form a lug extending into the
recess in the base, a rotary knob having an eccentric lug and a pivot pin connecting
such knob with the base and passing through the longitudinal slot in the latch hook,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
11. In a sash fastener in combination with a stamped base having the raised
portion with dependent stiffening flange around it, and the recess formed by
stamping down a part of such raised portion, having two curved guiding surfaces.
with locking offsets or notches at the ends thereof, a stamped latch hook having
dependent stiffening flange to rest upon the raised portion of the base, a longitudinal
slot, an eccentric slot, and the two guiding and locking lugs formed by hending
down portions of the latch hook at opposite ends of the longitudinal slot therein,
a rotary knob having the eccentric stud, and the pivot pin connecting the knob
with the base and passing through the longitudinal slot in the latch hook,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
12. In a sash fastener in combination with a suitable base provided with a
guiding surface and a locking shoulder, a latch hook having a longitudinal slot and
a portion to engage the guiding surface and shoulder on the base, a rotary knob,
eccentric connections between such knob and the latch for actuating the latter, a
pivot pin connecting the knob with the base and passing through the longitudinal
slot in the latch, and a cupped washer around the pivot pin between the knob and
latch hook, substantially as and for the purpose described.
13. In a sash fastener in combination with a suitable base provided with a

page_text: guiding surface and a locking shoulder, a latch book having a longitudinal slot, an
eccentric slot, and a portion to engage the guiding surface and shoulder on the
base, a rotary knob having a recess and an eccentric stud, a pivot pin connecting
such knob with the base and extending through the longitudinal slot in the latch
hook, and a cupped washer situated in the recess in the knob and having a notch
to engage a portion of the eccentric stud on the knob, substantially as and for the
purpose.specified.
Dated this 4th day of August 1896.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.