IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING POWER AND MOTION AND MULTIPLYING SPEFD AND POWER
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th February 1876. A communication
from abroad by Auguste Bernard Albaret, of Paris, in the Republic of France,
Engineer.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING POWER AND
MOTION AND MULTIPLYING SPEFD AND POWER." A communication from abroad
by Auguste Bernard Albaret, of Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer.
This Invention relates to an arrangement of mechanism whereby power or speed.
may be multiplied in a rapid and simple manner. It is applicable to cranes, hoists,
or lifting jacks, windlasses, chaff cutters, presses of every description, horse gear,
and to the transmissions of motion generally.
According to one mode of carrying out this Invention it is proposed to employ
two series of toothed wheels and pinions, mounted upon two parallel shafts. The
wheels and pinions are coupled together in pairs, a wheel and a pinion being
together made in one piece, or rigidly connected by bolts or any other suitable
means. The first toothed wheel is single, and is keyed on to one of the shafts, it
gears into the pinion which is mounted so as to turn freely on the other shaft, and
this latter pinion transmits the motion by the wheel formed in one with it, or with
which it is rigidly connected to the corresponding pinion mounted loosely on the
first shaft. The wheel which forms one with the latter pinion then transmits the
motion to the pinion of the next pair, which is loose on the other shaft, and so
on in succession to the last wheel and pinion, which drive a pinion keyed on the
second shaft.
By suitably arranging the positions and relative proportions of the wheels and
pinions either power or speed may be multiplied as required.
The number of toothed gears or pairs may be increased indefinitely, whilst
retaining the two shafts only. The toothed gear may all be cast to the same
pattern, in which case they will be of a uniform pitch sufficient for the maximum
amount of power to be transmitted, or they may be constructed of a varying pitch
or while retaining the same pitch a power of resistance more in proportion with the
power transmitted may be obtained by varying the width of the wheels, that is to
say, the length of the teeth.
When it is required to transmit varying speeds or power to a shaft, upon which a

page_text: windlass or other mechanism is mounted, the following arrangement may be
adopted-The shaft to be driven is made of a square form and a toothed wheel is
mounted thereon, so as to be capable of sliding and of occupying any desired
position. The wheel can be brought into gear with any of the wheels in succession,
by which means the shaft is enabled to transmit a power varying in proportion as
the toothed wheel is driven by a wheel or gear near to or distant from one of the
end wheels of the multiplying gearing. In like manner the speed is proportionately
increased as the wheel is driven by a wheel nearer to the opposite end of the train
of multiplying gearing.
According to a modification of the preceding arrangement which is intended for
the purpose of obtaining greater nicety in the variations in speed or power, each
wheel and pinion is separated from the next wheel and pinion by a ring in such a
nanner as to leave an interval between two successive pairs, at least equal to the
width of a wheel. The square shaft is placed at an equal distance from the two
multiplying shafts, whereby the sliding wheel may be caused to gear in succession
with the wheels on the said two shafts, and a much smaller difference in speed or
power will thus be obtained between two successive wheels than with the arrange-
ment previously described.
According to another modification pulleys are employed coupled together in pairs
in a similar manner to the toothed gearing, they are all loose or free to turn on the
shafts, the end pulleys which are single being alone keyed on to the shafts. This
arrangement of pulleys may be applied to drive a fan or blower when the position
of the apparatus or the smallness of the space at command renders inconvenient the
adoption of any other arrangement.
When the Invention is applied to the construction of horse gear it may be carried
out in the following manner :- -The horse gear is composed of a wooden frame to
which a piece of cast iron is firmly bolted for the purpose of supporting two vertical
shafts. These shafts are stationary and secured to the cast-iron piece by keys or
cottars or other convenient means. The driving wheel is placed upon one of the
shafts and forms one with the sleeve, provided with one or more arms carrying the
poles to which the horses are attached. This wheel is supported at the upper part
of the central hole in the sleeve, which is closed by a cover provided with a steel
socket bearing which rests upon the bearing at the end of the shaft. This driving
wheel gears into the pinion of a combined wheel and pinion mounted on the other
shaft, the wheel of which pair drives the pinion of another pair, and so on in
succession until the last pair. The last wheel of the train is a bevel wheel and
serves to transmit the motion to a horizontal shaft through the intervention of a
pulley keyed upon the said shaft. The toothed wheels are mounted loose or free to
turn upon the shafts in the manner herein-before described.
At the extremity of the horizontal shaft there is provided a small pulley to
transmit the motion. This shaft is placed at a short distance from the ground and
a bridge is provided so as to enable the horses to pass readily over it. By this
arrangement of horse gear not only is the speed attainable greatly augmented, but
increased facility is afforded for dismounting the apparatus and putting it together
again when required.