IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER AND IN APPLYING THE SAME TO GIVING MOTION TO MACHINERY
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GWYNNE, of Lansdown Lodge, Notting Hill, in the County of Middlesex,
Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifth day of February, in the four-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said John Gwynne, Her especial license, that I, the said
John Gwynne, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Gwynne, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the terms of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all
our Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all
our Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER AND IN APPLYING THE SAME TO GIVING MOTION TO
MACHINERY;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said John Gwynne, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause
the same to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Gwynne, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are described and
ascertained by the Drawing annexed, and the words following, that is
to say:-
My Invention consists of a peculiar modification of that form of water
wheel known under the name of reacting or turban wheel, adapted to either
a constant or graduating head, and is particularly applicable to tide water
purposes, whereby the wheel will work with the tide ascending a river or
inlet of the sea as well as working under a graduating head with the tide
descending and going back into the sea. I have also attached certain
contrivances to regulate the variable velocity of said wheel, so that the
machinery driven by it shall always work at the same velocity. Figure 1 is
a sectional elevation of the wheel with the tidal waters passing up through it
and into the dam. Figure 2 is another elevation representing the waters
returning from the dam to the sea through the wheel. Figure 3 is a sectional
plan shewing the peculiar construction of the buckets and casing. (A, A,) the
sluice valve; (B, B, B,) the water way or pipe communicating to the annular
space (C, C, C,) around the wheel; (D, D, D, D,) the bucket or partition between
each space for the ingress and egress of the water to work the wheel either
way of the tide. (E, E, E, E,) the arms; (F, F,) the hubb or center; (G) the
step, which is cast into the bottom, which forms part of the annular casing;
H, H,) the vertical shaft, carrying on its upper end a bevell wheel (1), work-
ing into two bevell pinions (J, J); (K, K,) an ordinary clutch box, which
is passed from right to left by means of the handle (L) for reversing the
motion of the driving shaft (M, M) when the tide turns; (N) a cone pulley on
the end of the driving shaft, having a belt (0) passing round it and over the
driven cone pulley (P). which is fastened unto the shaft in the mill or
manufactory from which the machinery is driven; (Q) an horizontal rod with
a cotter hole in it through which the belt passes, and is screwed from the
point (R to S); T, a pillow black or baring, in the centre of which revolves
the box or female tapped to receive the screw, the box having affixed to
it a pinion (U), which is moved round right or left by the vertical action
of rack (V) up or down, the said rack having affixed to its lower end a float
(W), so that as the tide rises and falls more or less head or water is given.
The difference of motion from fast to slow or slow to fast is compensated for
by means of the belt traversing from right to left, from the large diameter to
the small, and left to right, from the small diameter to the large of the said
pulleys. The peculiar properties of this wheel are. I may say the peculiar

page_text: difference from any other of its class, consists in the shape of the partitions
between each water way presenting a direct surface to be acted upon by
the water in its passage through the wheel, whether the water passes into
the dam through the wheel, as in Figure 2, or from the dam to the river, as
in Figure 1. The annular space (a) a) a) that contains the partitions or
bucket b, b, b, b, is cased in, top and bottom, as represented, and marked
(c, c, c, c), both surfaces of which are turned perfectly true in the lathe; these
surfaces work on the lower. and under the upper surface of the annular casing,
as marked (d, d, d, d), but not in such contact as to cause much friction,
thereby directing the water through the water ways between each partition.
The advantage of this form of bucket or partition is, that it presents a more
direct and greater area of surface to the action of the water in its passage
through the wheel, whether the water be going into or out from the dam, as
before described. The direction in which the wheel moves is shewn by the
arrows in the plan.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim
as my Invention the obtaining and applying motive power by means of a wheel
having buckets, consisting of two curvilinear portions connected by one
rectilinear portion arranged about a circle within an annular casing, as above
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Gwynne, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the 3rd day of February, in the year of our Lord
od and fifty-one