IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS
Year: 1883

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to Richard John Sankey of South Hill, near Ashford, in
the county of Kent, Farmer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR GASEOUS LIQUIDS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard John Sankey at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1883.
RICHARD JOHN SANKEY of South Hill, near Ashford in the county of Kent,
Farmer "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AËRATED OR
GASEOUS LIQUIDS
"
This invention relates to improvements in stoppering bottles for containing
aërated or gaseous liquids when such bottles are closed by internal stoppers, and
the improvements consist in an improved method of fitting and fixing in the neck
of the bottle the india-rubber ring which forms the seat for the stopper to bear
against, also to an improved internal stopper.
In carrying out the first part of my invention I utilize the known property of
hard india-rubber usually called vulcanite or ebonite by which such material after
having been expanded or contracted will retain such expanded or contracted shape
until it be heated when it will recover its original shape.
I employ a bottle having a shoulder or step in the neck thereof, the opening of
the neck either above or below the said step or shoulder being somewhat of a
conical shape narrowing as it recedes from the shoulder or step; over or under the
shoulder or step and resting thereon (the stopper having been previously inserted
in the bottle) I place an india rubber ring such as is usually employed for use with
internal stoppers; for fixing this india rubber ring against the said shoulder or
step I employ a ring of ebonite made in the first instance of about the same size as
the above named india-rubber ring, that is to say, with a hole in the centre
somewhat smaller than the diameter of the stopper; I then by means of a suitable
tool compress the outside diameter of the ebonite ring to such a size that it can be
passed into the bottle and when the ring. has been placed flatwise upon the said
rubber ring, heat is applied in a suitable manner to the ebonite ring and in a short
time the cbonite ring will expand until it tightly fits against the surface of the
:.
.

page_text: neck of the bottle above or below the india rubber ring (as the case may be) and
will thus firmly hold the same against the hereinbefore described step or shoulder
in the bottle neck so that it cannot be removed without first removing the
ebonite ring.
Instead of employing a bottle with a shoulder or step in the neck, the interior of
the neck of the bottle may be formed oval in shape and the india-rubber ring be
secured between two ebonite rings.
The stopper which I find it advantageous to employ in combination with a
seating constructed and fitted as herein before described consists of a hollow oval or
double cone shaped stopper of glass, porcelain or other suitable sinkable material,
the object of making the stopper hollow being to lighten it so that in sinking to
the bottom of the bottle when the bottle is opened the stopper shall not break or
injure the bottle or be itself broken or injured. Other suitable stoppers may
however be used with my improved seating.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed 1
by the said Richard John Sankey in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th October 1883.
RICHARD JOHN SANKEY, of South Hill, near Ashford, in the county of Kent,
Farmer "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPERING BOTTLES FOR CONTAINING AERATED OR
GASEOUS LIQUIDS'
"
This invention relates to improvements in stoppering bottles for containing
aërated or gaseous liquids when such bottles are closed by internal stoppers, and
the improvements consist in an improved method of fitting and fixing in the neck
of the bottle the india rubber ring which forms the seat for the stopper to bear
against, also to an improved internal stopper.
In carrying out the first part of my invention I utilize the known property of
hard india rubber usually called vulcanite or ebonite by which such material after
having been expanded or contracted will retain such expanded or contracted shape
until it be heated when it will recover its original shape.
I employ a bottle having a shoulder or step in the neck thereof, the opening of
the nock either above or below the said step or shoulder being somewhat of a
conical shape narrowing as it recedes from the shoulder or step; over or under the
shoulder or step and resting thereon (the stopper having been previously inserted
in the bottle) I place an india rubber ring such as is usually employed for use with
internal stoppers; for fixing this india rubber ring against the said shoulder or 3
step I employ a ring of ebonite made in the first instance of about the same size
as the above named india rubber ring, that is to say, with a hole in the centre
somewhat smaller than the diameter of the stopper; I then by means of a suitable
tool compress the outside diameter of the ebonite ring to such a size that it can be.
ย

page_text: passed into the bottle and when the ring has been placed flatwise upon the said
rubber ring, heat is applied in a suitable manner to the ebonite ring and in a short
time the ebonite ring will expand until it tightly fits against the surface of the neck
of the bottle above or below the india rubber ring (as the case may be) and will
thus firmly hold the same against the herein before described step or shoulder
in the bottle neck so that it cannot be removed without first removing the
ebonite ring.
Instead of employing a bottle with a shoulder or step in the neck, the interior
of the neck of the bottle may be formed of a suitably double curved shape and the
india rubber ring be secured between two ebonite rings.
The stopper which I find it advantageous to employ in combination with a
seating constructed and fitted as herein before described consists of a hollow oval or.
double cone shaped stopper of glass, porcelain or other suitable sinkable material,
the object of making the stopper hollow being to lighten it so that in sinking to
the bottom of the bottle when the bottle is opened the stopper shall not break or
injure the bottle or be itself broken or injured.
Other suitable stoppers may however be used with my improved seating and
the herein before described stopper may be used with the ordinary seating.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe-
the same by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1, shews a
section of the mouth of a bottle provided with a seating according to my invention;
figure 2, a similar view but shewing the internal stopper in the position it occupies
when pressed against the seating; figure 3, an elevation of a complete bottle;
figure 4, a section of the bottle neck without seating; figure 5, a detached plan of
the india rubber seating before being placed in the bottle; figure 6, plan of the
vulcanite fixing ring before compression and figure 7, a plan of the same after
compression; figure 8, a view similar to figure 1, but shewing the vulcanite ring
before being expanded against the bottle neck; figure 9, a section of my improved
hollow stopper; figure 10, section of a bottle neck shewing the elastic seating
placed under a step or shoulder in the neck and figure 11, a section of a bottle
neck shewing the elastic seating fixed in position by two vulcanite rings. Similar
letters in all the figures represent similar or corresponding parts.
I will first describe my improvements by reference to figures 1 to 9 inclusive
a, is the bottle and b, the step or shoulder in the neck thereof, the opening of
the neck narrowing as it recedes from the shoulder b, so as to be somewhat of a
conical shape; c, is the improved stopper formed hollow and of a double cone
shape as shewn in the detached sectional view at figure 9, and made of suitable
sinkable material; a stopper of this construction (or any other suitable known
stopper) is placed in the bottle, I then place upon the step or shoulder b, an
ordinary vulcanized india rubber ring d, such as that shewn in detached plan at
figure 5, or a ring or seating of other suitable elastic material; to fix this seating
in position I employ a ring of vulcanite e, made in the first instance of about the
diameter shewn in the detached view at figure 6; I then compress this ring e, by
suitable means until it is reduced to such a diameter (as shewn in figure 7) that it
can be passed into the bottle a; the ring e, is then laid flatwiso upon the seating d,
as shewn in figure 8, and heat is applied to the vulcanite ring e, and in a short
time it will expand until it tightly fits against the interior of the neck as shewn in
figure 1, so as to firmly hold the seating d, against the step or shoulder b, the
conical shape of the mouth of the bottle preventing the ring e, from rising.
The arrangement shewn in figure 10, is substantially the same as that shewn
in figure 1, except that the seating d, is fixed against the underside of the
shoulder b.
Figure 11, shews the bottle neck formed of an oval or double curved shape in
the interior, the seating d, being fixed between two vulcanite rings e, e'.
It is obvious that various methods equivalent to those above referred to may be
employed for fixing the expanded ebonite or vulcanite ring (when used as proposed
by me) firmly in its seat as required. For instance, suitable projections or
B

page_text: recesses may be formed in the neck of the bottle against or into which the ebonite
ring or parts of it may be pressed but the means I have herein before shewn seem
to me to be most convenient on the whole.
Having thus described my said invention and the best means I am acquainted
with for carrying the same into effect I wish it to be understood that what I
alaim is:
Firstly. The method herein described of fixing an elastic seating in the necks
of bottles by the employment of a ring or rings of hard india rubber usually called
vulcanite or ebonite, the said vulcanite ring or rings being first reduced in
diameter so that it or they may be passed into the neck of the bottle and then
subjected to heat so that the said ring or rings will expand and become tightly
fitted in the interior of the bottle neck as hereinbefore described.
Secondly. A bottle for internal stoppers having a seating fixed against a shoulder
in the neck thereof by means of a ring of vulcanite substantially in the manner
herein before described and represented in figures 1, 2, 3 and 10, of the
accompanying drawing.
Thirdly. A bottle for internal stoppers having a seating fixed in the neck thereof
by means of two vulcanite rings substantially in the manner hereinbefore
described and represented in figure 11, of the accompanying drawing.
In Witness whereof I the said Richard John Sankey have hereto set my hand
and seal this nineteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord, one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three
Witness
G F REDFERN
Patent Agent
4 South St Finsbury
IV. J DANKET. (1,5.)