Improvements in Bullets.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1898
Complete Specification Left 4th Mar 1899-Accected 29th Apr. 1899
Improvements in Bullets.
I, LESLIE BOWN TAYLOR, of 82, High Street, in the City of Birmingham, Gun
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention is applicable to bullets having a lead core enclosed in a metal
envelope and has for its object the construction of a bullet which will expand
more readily on impact so as to cause a more effective wound and is especially
applicable for use with the self loading magazine pistols such as the Mauser,"
Bergmann" and similar weapons.
*
For this purpose I use an envelope with a solid or closed in base, the lead core-
is inserted into the envelope & the base of the core is ogival in form with a hollow
from the apex of a suitable length thus forming in conjunction with the envelope
a central & outer air chamber at the base of the lead core.
The envelope only partially covers the lead core the exposed portion of which
is formed of a reduced diameter and of a cylindrical shape with its front end of
a slightly larger diameter or its cylindrical exposed portion may have a concave
surface extending the whole or part of its length.
The front end of the core may be made flat, cupped or any other desired shape.
Or the exposed core of the bullet may be made cylindrical for a certain distance
and a set off or shoulder formed of a smaller diameter terminating in an ogival or
other shape.
In order to assist the expansion; the air chamber at the base of the core may be
filled with a hollow or solid plug, or with copper tube or tubes filled with ful-
minate or other explosive.
HENRY F. TALBOT,
30, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicant.
I, LESLIE BOWN TAYLOR, of 82, High Street, in the City of Birmingham, Gun
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
The invention is applicable to compound bullets, that is to say, bullets having a

page_text: lead core enclosed in a metal envelope, and has for its object the construction of
a bullet which will expand more readily on impact and cause a more effective
wound and is especially applicable for use with the self loading magazine pistols,
as well as other pistols and rifles.
For this purpose I use an envelope with a solid or closed in base, the lead core
is inserted into the envelope, the rear of the core is ogival in form or tapered
with a hollow from the apex or end of a suitable length thus forming in con-
junction with the envelope a central air chamber with an outer air chamber at the
rear of the lead core. Or the central hollow may be omitted, or the lead core may
be constructed to fill the sides of the envelope and have a central hollow only.
The envelope only partially covers the lead core, the exposed portion of which
is formed of a reduced diameter and, of a cylindrical shape, or with its front end
of a slightly larger diameter, or its cylindrical exposed portion may have a con-
cave surface extending the whole or part of its length.
By making the exposed portion of the lead core of smaller diameter than the
metal envelope a shoulder or set off is formed at the point where the metal envelope
terminates, and consequently this shoulder serves to more sharply cut or punch
out on impact a clearer entrance hole of larger diameter than that made by the
ordinary shape of bullet, and by opposing to the object struck a more or less square
or flat surface and lacerating or cutting away the flesh retards the passage of the
bullet and therefore utilizes a greater amount of the bullets energy within the
object instead of expending it in flight, and. this process of retardation is further
assisted by the construction of the core with its air chamber or chambers as de-
scribed, the force of impact causing the lead core to set up more or to shorten, the
exposed lead core also mushrooms, all of which produce a more effective wound.
The bullet may if desired be constructed with the air chamber or chambers as
described but with the exposed portion of the same diameter as the envelope, that
is to say, without the shoulder.
Or the bullet may be made with the shoulder as described with or without air
chambers at the base.
The front ends of the bullets are made flat, cupped, or any other desired shape.
The exposed core of the bullet may be made cylindrical for a certain distance and
a set off or shoulder formed of a smaller diameter terminating in an ogival or
other shape.
In order to assist the expansion and splitting up of the bullet within the object
struck I may embed in the lead core a disc of metal or other suitable material
either flat, concave, or convex, with or without chambers or hollows formed behind
or in front of the same, and this may be applied to all kinds of compound or metal
covered bullets or for use in conjunction with the various forms of my bullet
herein described.
Or a solid or hollow plug of any desired form may be inserted in the air chambers
within the bullets and the hollow plugs may be filled with explosive matter.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings which shew in elevation and
section various forms of bullets to illustrate the several novel features of my inven-
tion, and upon which drawings the similar letters of reference relate to similar
parts.
Fig. 1 shews in elevation a compound bullet with the metal envelope (a) and
exposed portion of the lead core (b) which is of a smaller diameter than the out-
side of the envelope, (a), thus forming a slight shoulder at (c).
Fig. 2 is a section of a bullet shewing an ogival termination (d) at the rear of
the load core (6) with the hollow (e) at the apex of the ogival, thus forming in
conjunction with the envelope (a) the two air chambers (e) and (f).
Or instead of the ogival shape the lead core may fill up the sides of the
envelope (a) as shewn in Figs. 3 and 11 leaving only a central air chamber (e)
or two chambers (e) and (f¹) as in Fig. 5.
Or the ogival end may be used as in Figs. 4 and 6 forming the outer air
chamber (f) only.

page_text: Or other forms may be given to the rear of the core such for instance as in
Figs. 12 and 14 for the same purpose of forming one or more air chambers.
Fig. 3 shews the exposed portion of the lead core cylindrical in shape, and of
a reduced diameter to the other portion of the core, thus forming a broad
shoulder (e) Figs. 3, 4, 5, 11 and 15.
Fig. 4 shews the exposed portion with a concave surface (6).
Fig. 5 shews the front end of the exposed portion of a slightly larger diameter (62)
than the rest of the core, see also Fig. 15.
Or the front end of the lead core may be tapered as at 63 Fig. 11.
Fig. 6 shews a bullet with the air chamber in the rear and with the exposed
portion of the same diameter as the outer face of the envelope, that is to say, with-
out a shoulder.
The apex of the exposed portion may be cupped or hollowed as at (g).
Fig. 7 is an elevation of one of my bullets with the exposed portion of an ogival
form and of a reduced diameter to form the shoulder (c.)
The front ends of the bullets are made flat (h) Figs. to 5, and 15, cupped (9)
Figs. 6, 8, 11 and 14, ogival (2) Figs. 7, 9, 12, 13 and 14, spherical (1) Fig. 10,
or any other desired shape.
The exposed portion (6) of the core may be made of a reduced diameter cylindrical
in form for a certain distance with a set off or shoulder (k) terminating with an
ogival or other form such as illustrated in Figs. 8, 9, 10, 13 and 14.
Figs. 12, 13, and 14 illustrate bullets with metal disc (o) inserted, shewn flat
in Fig. 12, convex Fig. 13, and concave Fig. 14, and some of the forms and
positions in which the air chambers (m) may be applied in conjunction therewith,
with or without the other air chambers (e) and (f).
Fig. 15 illustrates a bullet with the plug (n) inserted in the air chamber (e).
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine my invention strictly to the
forms of bullets illustrated, but the especial novel features are the flat end of the
exposed core, the shoulders, the air chambers, and the metal discs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
-1. In the construction of compound bullets, forming with the closed in end of
the metal envelope an air chamber or chambers at the rear of the lead core.
2. In the construction of compound bullets with metal envelopes partially
covering the lead cores, making the exposed portion of the core of a reduced
diameter to form a set off or shoulder.
3. In compound bullets with partially exposed lead cores, forming the end of
the exposed portion of the core with a flat or cupped surface in combination with
the air chamber or chambers described in the specification.
4. In compound bullets embedding within the lead core, a flat or cupped disc
of metal with an air chamber or chambers in proximity thereto.
5. Compound bullets in which is a combination wholly or in part, of air
chambers, shoulders, embedded metal disc, and front ends of either flat, cupped,
ogival or other shape.
Dated thi. 2.1
1
1000
HENRY F. TALBOT,
30, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicant.