Improvements in the Manufacture of Nails and other Small Articles, and in Appliances to be Used therewith.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 10th Nov., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Nails and other Small Articles,
and in Appliances to be Used therewith.
I, GEORGE BENJAMIN PARKES, of Gorsty Hill, Halesowen, in the County of
Worcester, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of nails and like small
articles, such as boot and shoe tips, heel plates, protectors, and flush and other
nearing studs, and also to the appliances to be used in connection with the said
manufacture.
Figure of the accompanying drawings represents, in longitudinal vertical
section, an apparatus to be employed in moulding, or producing the part pattern of
a series of boot hob nails to be cast, within a sand mould. The apparatus consists
of a platform with a table top, upon which a half mould box or flask, provided with
the usual luge and steadying pins, comes, and which said table part is pierced with
holes, wherethrough prickers, carried by a movable slide, pass to form matrices in
the sand for the formation of the stems of hob uails.
Figure 2 represents a topside plan of a portion of the table, which, in other
words, constitutes a plate.
Figure 3 represents a vertical section of the same through the dotted lines -
Figure 2.
Figure 4 shows one of the prickers separately.
Figure 5 is a transverse vertical section of the said apparatus and the shank
forming mould box, with the rising and falling and adjustable prickers shown
extending into the sand to an extent equal to the length of shank which the nails
are to have.
Figure 6 represents a topside plan of the table of the platform, which is simply
a mould plate, with holes corresponding to the prickers, and with pattern strips
upon it to form the brauch-gates leading from and to both flow-gates and in-gates.
Figure 7 represents an elevation of a headed nail to be cast, and Figure 8 is a
topside plan of the same.
Figure 9 represents a topside plan of the table or plate of the other half part of
tho mould for forming the head matrices in the sand, showing the head patterns,
and also the branch-gate, flow gate and in-gate strips connected with the patterns.
Figure 10 represents an edge view of the same, with the flask in section.
Figure 11 represents, upon an enlarged scale, a topside plan of a part of the said
table or plate.
Figure 12 represents a longitudinal section of Figure 11 upon a like scale and
upon the dotted line A.
Figure 13 represents a complete vertical section of the mould, with the dividing
edges of the two half boxes placed together.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts of the several figures
of the drawings.
In the shank-forming part of the apparatus and mould, Figures 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6,
a 18 a platform or frame, surmounted at top by a table or mould-plate b, and having
working within it, a platform slide c, with guide ends c', which slide upon the inner
walls of the sides a³, of the frame a, whilst the underside of the said slide c, has
joint lugs, and jointed connection links d, which are preferably in double order,
the outer ends of which said links are jointedly connected to the short arms e', of a
lever e, which is mounted upon a shaft or axis e³.

page_text: fare adjustable and T-headed stops, whose shanks take through slots a', in
the sides a², of the fiaming a, so that by changing the relative positions of the said
stops, the traverse of the platform slide c, which carries the upright prickers g, can
be adjusted These prickers are held to the platform slide by the flats of their
heads g, resting upon the plate, and being there secured by a clamping plate h,
having holes and countersinks corresponding to the heads of the prickers, threaded
over the said prickers and being there secured by binding bars, and inverted
L-shaped bolts.
The top table, has holes , corresponding to the prickers, and attached ribs),
for forming the branch-gate matrices, through which the metal flows to the m-gate,
and from thence to the inatrices of the hende to be cast As the lower half of the
mould, with the topside, which forms the parting edge from the upper mould,
inverted and coming upon the topside of the table in a position determined by
steadying dowel pins passing through the eyes of lugs on the respective half-
moulds.
Assuming that the prickers have been adjusted according to the length of the
shanks of the nails required to be made, by the adjustment of the stops, then lower
the prickers by raising the long aim of the lever e, so as to lower the platform
slide c, and bring the points of the prickers flush with the top of the table. Now
place sand in the box or flask, and ram the same well down Then depress the
lever e, and thereby raise the prickers to the full height into the sand, as repie-
sented in Figures 1 and 5, and again iam down the sand and skim it level with the
bottom edge of the mould (which is now uppermost). This done, again raise the
lever and lower the platform shde. drawing the prickers parallel from out of
the sand, and leaving matrices therein corresponding to the shanks of the uails to
be made.
Now lift the said half box from the table and invert it, when the formation of
the half mould will be complete.
In the inaking of the top mould for the formation of the head matrices, a
moulding plate or bed m, is taken, with loose branched strips n', placed upon the
top face of it, and attached thereto by screws or other wise, and have necks n³,
terminated by the patterns n³, and which series of branch and ingates run into a
centially directed flow-gate strip n These aised patterns form the matrices for
both the heads of the nails, the branch-gates, the in-gates and the flow-gate.
Suitable vents are arranged for the escape of the gaseous products given off in
casting.
To take a matrix print in sand of top face of the moulding plate, place the top
half-mould o, upon the said plate and place sand therein and ram it home around
the pattern. This done, strike the surface level to the now-presented upper edge
and lift the mould box from the moulding plate, when an imprint of the pattern of
the heads and the various gates will be made. Now place the parting edge of
the upper mould to the parting edge of the other or lower mould, when the
imprints of both the heads and shanks and also of the branch gates come
together and form the necessary matrices The half mould-boxes or flasks are
then dowel-pinned together in the usual way, the mould turned up endwise and
molten metal poured down the flow-gates, from whence it runs up the various
iamified cavities and through the head matrices to the shank matrices until the
whole are filled up. When the metal is cool, the open moulds are broken up
in the usual way.
By making the pattern strips with the gates attached to and detachable from
the beds or moulding plates, other patterns can be advantageously employed
with the same moulding appliances, by removing the whole or a part of the
pattern strips of the one part and substituting another sort, as the screws of
one sort have only to be removed and the patterns taken off the bed, and the
other variety of pattern placed thereon and screwed in position by the said screws.
Instead of employing screws for attaching the pattern strips with their gates
to the plates, other expedients may be employed Thus, the pattern strips may

page_text: have dovetails upon their backs which take into like cross-sectioned grooves cut
within the pattern or moulding plate
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim 18:-
First. In pattern or moulding plates, making the patterns, or the patteru atrips,
with or without their gates, attachable and detachable, substantially as, and for
the purpose as, described and set forth.
Secondly. In the moulding of nails, forming the matrices of the shanks by a
series of prickers, worked collectively, and carried by an adjustable table slide,
limited, if necessary, in its movement by adjustable stops, whereby the length of
matrices in the sand for forming the shanks of nails, protectors, boot tips or other
articles can be varied, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly. The improvements in the moulding of nails and other small articles,
and in the machinery and appliances to be used therewith, substantially as described
and set forth.
Dantalion 100
GEORGE BENJAMIN PARKES,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.