AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR TRANSFERRING PICTURES TO OBJECTS IN GENERAL, AND VARNISH EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Patrick O'Halloran, of High Court Chambers, 28, South-
ampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR TRANSFERRING PICTURES
TO OBJECTS IN GENERAL, AND VARNISH EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
A com-
munication from abroad by Carl Anton Pocher, of Nurenberg, Bavaria.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Patrick O'Halloran at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th June 1880.
PATRICK O'HALLORAN, of High Court Chambers, 28, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED
PROCESS FOR TRANSFERRING PICTURES TO OBJECTS IN GENERAL, AND VARNISH -
EMPLOYED THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by Carl Anton Pocher,
of Nurenberg, Bavaria.
For transferring pictures to silk, linen, and other woven fabrics, oil-cloth, leather,
and such like materials, the picture having been prepared with a varnish consisting
of seven parts (boiled) refined linseed oil, colophony, gum-mastic, samderic, and
gum-copal, is printed to its margin, and before the varnish is quite dry the picture
is sprinkled with a composition of colophony and gum-mastic in equal parts. It is
placed in a copper cylinder warmed by steam, by which the combination of the
varnish and powdered mixtures is produced. After this process, the picture having
been withdrawn from the copper cylinder, under the object to which the picture is
to be transferred, a few sheets of paper are placed; the picture is then placed over
the object; the back of the picture is then wiped over with a damp sponge, and
afterwards overlaid with a damp layer of blotting paper or linen; the whole is then
covered with dry paper or linen, and over the part whereon the picture rests a
warmed or heated iron is run for a few seconds, or so long as may be sufficient to
transmit the heat through. After this the layer of paper is removed from under-
neath, and the picture itself from over the object, upon which a fac-simile of the
picture will then be seen. The picture transferred will present a glazed appearance,
but should this not be required, it may be removed by again applying the paper or
linen, as before described. Care must be taken that the paper over the back of the
picture is properly damped, and also that the iron is sufficiently hot.

page_text: For transferring pictures to glass, porcelain, polished and unpolished wood,
metals, varnished and unvarnished japanned plates, the following treatment is
adopted-The back of the picture having been damped with a sponge the picture
is laid on the object to which the transfer is to be made, and then pressed with a
cloth, which must be fairly warm and formed into the shape of a ball. The cloth
is rubbed over the surface of the back of the picture until the heat has fairly passed
through. Upon the removal of the paper the picture will be found to have been
transferred. As the paper contains no glutinous properties the usual cleaning and
pressing after the transference are not necessary. Much care must be observed in
securing the proper degree of heat, and this may best be obtained by placing the
cloth on some heated object, such as an iron. A special advantage of this process is
that the picture bears the appearance of having been painted or inlaid. The process
herein before described being single, the former system of varnishing after trans-
ference is not required. Pictures transferred by this process can bear heat without
being spoilt or damaged, and do not need the binding process.
When the object to
which the transfer is to be made is of a light colour the picture is uot covered when
placed on it, but when it is of a dark colour silver foil or cover must be employed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Patrick O'Halloran in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
December 1880.
PATRICK O'HALLORAN, of High Court Chambers, 28, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED
PROCESS FOR TRANSFERRING PICTURES TO OBJECTS IN GENERAL, AND VARNISH
EMPLOYED THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by Carl Anton Pocher,
of Nurenberg, Bavaria.
The said Invention relates to transferring pictures to objects in general, and
varnish employed therefor. For transferring pictures to silk, linen, and other
woven fabrics, oilcloth, leather, and such like materials the process is as follows,
viz.The picture is prepared with a varnish consisting of seven parts (boiled)
refined linseed oil, colophony, gummastic, samderic, and gumcopal, and is printed
to its margin. Before the varnish has quite dried the picture is sprinkled with a
composition of colophony and gummastic in equal parts, and is then placed in a
copper cylinder warmed by steam, by which the combination of the varnish and
said powder mixture is produced. Next (the picture baving been withdrawn from
the copper cylinder), a few sheets of paper are placed under the object to which the
picture is to be transferred, and the picture itself is placed over said object. The
back of the picture is then wiped over with a damp sponge and afterwards overlaid
with a damp layer of blotting paper or linen, and over the part thereof whereunder
the picture rests a warmed or heated iron is run for a few seconds, or so long as
may be sufficient to transmit the heat through. After this the layer of paper is
removed from underneath, and the picture itself from over the object, upon which a
fac-simile of the picture will then be seen. The picture transferred will present
a glazed appearance, but should this not be desired, it may be removed by again
applying the paper or linen as before described. Care must be taken that the paper on
the back of the picture is properly damped, and also that the iron is sufficiently hot.
For transferring pictures to glass, porcelain, polished and unpolished wood, metals,
varnished and unvarnished japanned plates, the following treatment is adapted:
The back of the picture having been damped with a sponge the picture is laid on
the object to which the transfer is to be made, and then pressed with a cloth, which
must be fairly warm and formed into the shape of a ball. This is rubbed over the
surface of the back of the picture until the heat has fairly passed through. Upon
the removal of the paper the picture will be found to have been transferred. As the
paper contains no glutinous properties the usual cleaning and pressing after trans-
ference are not necessary. Much care must be observed in securing the proper
degree of heat, and this may best be obtained by placing the cloth on some heated
object, such as an iron. A special advantage of this process is that the picture
transferred bears the appearance of having been painted or inlaid, and does not
require varnishing as under the old process. Pictures transferred as hereinbefore
described can bear heat without being spoilt or damaged, and do not need the
binding process. When the object to which the transfer is to be made is of a light
colour the picture is not covered when placed on it, but when it is of a dark colour
silver foil or cover must be employed.
: -
Having now fully described the nature of the said Invention, and the means by
which it can be carried into effect, as communicated to me by my said client, I
wish it to be understood that what 1 claim is substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Patrick O'Halloran, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
PATRICK O'HALLORAN. (L.S.)