IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WORKING OF BRASS AND PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Watson, of High Bridge, Newcastle-on-
Tyne, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WORKING OF BRASS AND
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Watson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
February 1854.
I, HENRY WATSON, of High Bridge, Newcastle-on-Tyne, do hereby declare
the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WORKING OF BRASS AND
COPPER INTO FORMS, AND PLANISHING THEM," to be as follows:-
Heretofore the working of brass and copper into forms, and planishing them,
have been done by hand labour, and the process has required considerable skill,
the blows of the hammers used having depended on their weight and the effort
of the hands of the workman. Now my improvements consist of giving motion
to the hammers used for forming and planishing articles of copper and brass
by mechanical means, for which purpose the hammers are mounted in suitable
framing, and are moved away from the fixed anvils by means of a revolving'
axis and cams, and the hammers produce the percussive action on the parts.
of the article (as they are presented by the workman) by gravity, regulated or
aided by springs, the strokes of the hammers being adjusted to any degree
of force required by adjusting the pressure on the springs. I prefer to use

page_text: vulcanized india-rubber rather than other substance for the springs, against
which the stems of the hammers are pressed by the revolution of the axes,
and according as the springs are adjusted in position so will be the effect of
their reaction on the hammers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Watson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
July 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
WATSON, of High Bridge, Newcastle-on-Tyne, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Henry Watson, Her special licence that I, the said Henry Watson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Watson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WORKING
OF BRASS AND COPPER INTO FORMS, AND PLANISHING THEM," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Henry Watson, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Watson, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):-
Heretofore the working of brass and copper into forms and planishing them
have been done by hand labour, and the process has required considerable skill,
the blows of the hammers used having depended on their weight and the effort
of the hands of the workmen. Now my improvements consist of giving motion
to the hammers used for forming and planishing articles of copper and brass by

page_text: mechanical means, for which purpose the hammers are mounted in suitable
framing, and are moved away from the fixed anvils by means of a revolving
axis and cams, and the hammers produce the percussive action on the parts
of the article (as they are presented by the workman) by gravity, regulated or
aided by springs, the strokes of the hammers being adjusted to any degree
of force required by adjusting the pressure on the springs. I prefer to use
vulcanized india-rubber rather than other substance for the springs, against
which the stems of the hammers are pressed by the revolution of the axis,
and according as the springs are adjusted in position so will be the effect of
their reaction on the hammers.
The annexed Drawings, numbered 1, 2, and 3, show the hammer and mode
of working it. H is the frame or standard, to which is fitted the hammer and
apparatus. G is the block, made suitable for placing the, stakes, Figure 5, in
different positions, or for different kinds of stakes or mandrils. Figure 1 is
the anvil fitted to the stake; its face is made convex or concave, or any other.
form suitable for the work required, as well as the hammer, Figure 2, which
is fitted to the shaft, Figure 6, and worked by the cams, Figure 3, fixed on the
revolving axle E, F; the cams in revolving striking the projecting arms on
the shaft, Figure 6, the required motion is obtained for the hammer, the force
of which can be adjusted and regulated by the screw, Figure 7, and spring,
Figure 4.
I claim the adaptation of the aforesaid described machine for working brass
and copper and general brazing work, which has hitherto been done by hand
labour.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Watson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
Јони Ѕтоков,
Gateshead-on-Tyne.
HENRY WATSON. (L.S.)