Improved Means of Closing the Openings of Cess-pits and Manhole Chambers and other Openings to which such means would be applicable.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Sept., 1891-Accepted, 28th Nov., 1891*"'
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means of Closing the Openings of Cess-pits and Manhole
Chambers and other Openings to which such means would be
applicable.
I, THOMAS DURRANS, of Upper Baker Street, in the County of London,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide simple and improved means of effecting
a perfect closure of cess-pits and manhole chambers and other openings to which
such means would be applicable, such, for example, as, sanitary inspection
chambers, grease traps, ensilage chambers, cellars, brewers' vats, ships' deck
openings, scuttle bunkers and cisterns.
To this end, the invention consists in the formation of a cover 7, to the aperture
or opening to be closed, and of a seating 8, for the cover, in such a manner as to
co-operate in effecting an inclined faced joint in combination with a vertical faced
joint (or with two or more thereof) or with a lute 'joint, (or with two or more
thereof), or with a vertical faced joint and a lute joint, or with two or more of each
thereof, to any combination or modification of which there may be added an
external composition joint, all as hereinafter more particularly described with
reference to the accompanying drawings on which several modifications illustrative
of the invention are represented in sectional elevation.
Figure 1, represents a modification wherein an inclined faced joint 9, is combined
with a vertical faced joint 10, and with a lute joint 11, the vertical joint being
arranged intermediate of the other joints.
Figure 2, represents a similar combination, wherein the lute joint is arranged
intermediate of the other joints.
Figure 3, also represents a similar combination, wherein the arrangement
represented in Figure 1 is reversed.
Figure 4, also represents a similar combination arranged as described with
reference to Figure 1, with the addition of a composition joint 14 and a removable
ventilating cover 12, such arrangement being especially suitable for ships' deck
openings and the like.
Figure 5, also represents a modification similar to that represented in Figure 1,
with the addition of a second lute joint 11, the cover being represented as adapted
to receive wooden blocks 13.
Figure 6, represents a modification wherein an inclined faced joint is combined
with two vertical faced joints; this modification also represents the application of
a composition joint 14, which latter, as aforesaid, may also be used in combination
with any of the other arrangements hereinbefore described.
I do not limit myself to the exact combinations of such joints represented on the
accompanying drawings, as it is obvious that such joints may be combined in
various other serviceable arrangements.
The vertical joint may, in some cases, be used as a guide joint only, for truly
seating the drop cover onto the inclined faced joint, touching only in places or
being formed with lugs or nibs truly placed to ensure the seating of the drop
cover.
The lute joints are filled with oil, grease or other suitable material.
The covers may be looked and 1

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
In means for closing the openings of cess-pits, manhole covers and the like; the
use, in combination, of a cover and seating adapted to co-operate in effecting an
inclined faced joint in combination with a vertical faced joint (or with two or more
thereof),.or. with.a lute joint (or with two or more thereof) or with a vertical faced
joint and a lute joint, or with two or more of each thereof, to any arrangement of
which there may be added an external composition joint substantially as herein-
before described.
Dated this 19th day of September 1891.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.