IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF DOWELS AND PINS FROM METAL ROD OR WIRE, AND IN THE OPERATIONS CONNECTLD THEREWITH "
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Fiederick Delacourt Blyth, of Fenchurch Street, in the
City of London, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF DOWELS AND PINS FROM METAL ROD OR WIRE, AND
IN THE OPERATIONS CONNECTLD THEREWITH
"
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Frederick Delacourt Blyth at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th Febinary 1877.
FREDERICK DELACOURT BLYTH, of Fenchurch Sticet, in the City of London,
Maichant 'IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINLRY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF DOWELS
AND PINS FROM METAL ROD OR WIRE, AND IN THE OPERATIONS CONNECTED
1 HEREWITH"
For the purpose of manufacturing dowels and pins from short lengths of metal iod
or wire with their two ends shaped in a lathe I make a machine to perform the
following operations
Cubay
Fust After the rod or wire has been straightened, which may be done in any
well-known manner, and which in the case of small wie, say, up to No 8 of the
Bumingham wie guage, may be done by rollers attached to the machine, I feed
the rod or wire into the machine the distance necessary to form one dowel or pin
of any length desired
Second I cut off the length of rod or wire so advanced
Third I clutch the length of 1od or wne so cut off and advance it to a position
with its axis centrally between two revolving cutters or bits-
Fourth I advance the two revolving cutters or bits so that they may act on the
ends of the length of rod or wue, and when the ends of the length of 1od or wire
have been shaped to the form desued I withdraw the cutters or bits to their original
position
Fifth I withdraw the finished dowel or pin in its clutch and release it, allowing
it to drop into a receptacle placed to receive it
I anange the different parts for caying out the above operations on a suitable
bed plate, having a shaft duiven by suitable power revolving on bearings at one end,
and the moving parts arranged as herein-after described, making them to slide on
[Price id 1

page_text: V or other slides recessed in or raised on the bed plate On the shaft I fix a series
of cams, so that the shaft and cams by one revolution perform all the different
operations necessary for producing one dowel or pin, with the exception of giving
1otary motion to the cutters or bits for shaping the ends of the dowels or pins
Wile
If the dowel or pin is to be formed of wie of No 8 wire gauge, or smaller, and
it is desired to straighten the wine in the machine itself, I fix close to one side of
the bed plate a series of grooved rollers in two rows, alternating one another in the
1ows, and capable of adjustment to the size of wine, as is well understood I place
the rows of rollers parallel to the main shaft, and at about half way between the
shaft and the other end of the bed plate, which for dowels or pins of this size, and
up to, say, thice inches in length, may be of the dimensions one foot six inches
across the plate parallel with the shaft, and three fect in the other dnection The
straightened wire I pass into a V groove formed in a raised flange on one side
of a curiage, moveable backwards and forwards in a slido parallel with the main
shaft, the groove being exactly in a line with the wire as it passes out from between
the rows of grooved rollers, and I clutch the wie into the groove by an eccentric
clutch or pawl kept up to its work by a spring, and working on a pin fixed to the
bed of the carnage, and also having a V groove on the side where it clutches the
The clutch has a tail on the side opposite to the V groove, and I force
the wire, clutch, and carriage forward by sticking the tail of the clutch with the
end of a lever fulciumed on a pin fixed to the bed plate, so that when the end of
the lever presses against the tail of the clutch the eccentric portion of the clutch
clutches the wire in the opposite V grooves and canes the whole forward, while
when the lever moves in the opposite direction it releases the clutch and allows
the carriage to move back without the wne, and the lever in its backward throw
stukes against a set screw stop on the bed of the carnage and dives the carriage
back against a set screw stop on the bed plate, which regulates the backward throw
of the carnage, so iegulating the distance the wire is carried forward by the
positions of the set screw stops The other end of the lever is moved by an end-
faced cam like a small portion of a very sharp pitched screw, and keyed on to the
main shaft, so that the moving forward the lever may take only a very small poi-
tion of one revolution of the shaft, and when the lever, cauage, and wire have been
caned forward the necessary distance by the face of the cam pressing against the
end of the level, or a stud on fiction roller fixed to it, the lever and callage are
canned back to then onginal positions by a coil spring on the lever
For the second operation the wine which has been advanced, as above described,
by the fust operation is passed through a steel-bushed hole fitted for the size of the
wire in an adjustable flange standing up lengthwise on the bed plate immediately
in front of the throw of the carriage described above, and the hole must be exactly
in a line with the groove in the side flange of the carriage On the side of the
flange opposite to that of the carriage a bolt carrying a cutter with a semicucular
01 other shaped groove or notch 18 forced exactly across the hole so as to cut off
the length of we advanced through the hole The bolt is securely guided so that
the cutter passes in close contact with the face of the hole, the notch passing exactly
across the hole, and is forced forward by an eccentric cam on the inain shaft, so
that the semien cular or other shaped notch on the cutter begins to press on the
wie immediately on the latter being advanced the requned distance, and when the
length of wue has been cut off the bolt and cutter are pulled back to then original
positions by a coil spring
"
The thud operation, the clutching the length of wire and carrying it forward to
the place where its ends are shaped, is commenced at the same time as the pre-
ceeding operation A bolt strongly guided in V or other shaped slides and
canying a changeable head on its end is forced forward pari passu with the cutter
last described The changeable heads are about one-half inch narrower on plan
than the length of wire, oi so as to leave the ends of the length of wie exposed on
the parts that are to be shaped by the next operation The changeable heads have
V grooves across then faces adapted to fit not quite half round the wue they are

page_text: intended to hold, and the head so adapted as to width and size of groove to the
length and size of wire is fixed to the end of the bolt by screws, so that the wue
as it is advanced through the steel-bushed hole, described above, is exactly in a line
with the groove
On the opposite side of the wine to the first bolt is a similar bolt
This second bolt
with a changeable head, the pan of the head on the first bolt
moves on slides exactly on a line with the flist bolt, and is held in such a position
against a screw set stop by a spring that the wire as it is thrust forward in the
first operation passes loosely along the groove in its changeable head, and when
the first bolt is forced forward and the length of wie has been cut off by the cutter
the length of wie is held in the opposite grooves of the heads of the two bolts, and
as the first bolt continues to advance it forces the second bolt before it against the
resisting spring caying the length of wie between them to the position requied
for the next operation, where the second bolt is forced against a sot screw stop, and
the fist bolt being forced firmly against it the length of wie is held securely in
position The fist bolt is forced forward by a can on the main shaft commencing
its motion at the same speed as the cutter, but after the length of wue has been
cut off and clutched the speed is very much accelerated, so that, as in the case of
the first operation, the cairying forward of the wue shall take only a small portion
of the revolution of the shaft to accomplish, and when the length of wue has been
forced forward to the position for the next operation it is held at rest during that
operation by the cam, which is continued at its extreme radius, about one-half a
circle, so that it continues to press against the end of the first bolt the necessary
time to hold the wie in position for the next operation,, when the cam being cut
clear away allows the bolt to be returned to its original position by a coil spring,
and as the second bolt is returned by its own spring until it reaches the screw set
stop at its original position they carry the finished dowel or pin back with thein,
and as the first bolt continues its backward motion aftor the second bolt is stopped
the pin is unclutched and falls down between the heads of the bolts through a hole
in the bed plate into a receptacle below placed to receive it
tions
For the fourth operation, the shaping the ends of the dowel or pin, two lathe
puppets with spindles and pulleys fixed on cartages sliding in V grooves across
the bed plate parallel with the main shaft and at the opposite end of the bed plate,
the spindles being set to have their axes exactly in a line with the axis of tho
dowel or pin as held by the last operation are brought closer together by two levers
Jointed to the puppets and fulciumed to the bed plate The puppets are made
adjustable in the carriages in order to set the spindles, which may be done by three
or four set screws and one clamp screw to each in oval holes The levers are moved
These cams are in the form of pol
by two end-faced cams on the main shaft
of ught and left hand screws respectively, commencing at very sharp pitches of
and when the cutters or bits carried by the spindles are brought up to touch
the ends of the length of wie to begin their action, then continued at a very slow
pitch, to thrust forward the cutters or bits the distance requned to form the ends
of the dowels or pin, when the cams being cut away to their original faces the
puppets carrying the cutters or bits are returned to then original positions by coil
spings The proportions of these cams I make so that the faces with the sharp
pitch of sciew begin to act as the cam of the thud operation comes to its greatest
iadius, and the cams allow the puppets to return to then original position
immediately before the can of the third operation relcases the bolt of that
operation
screw,
The cutters or bits used for shaping the ends of the lengths of wire are similar to
those used in lathes, as is well understood The spindles carrying the cutters or
bits are made hollow, and the shanks of the cutters or bits pass into them and are
adjusted to the length of the dowel or pin by set screws or other wise
The portions of the revolution of the main shaft I find to answer well for the
different operations are one-thnd of the revolution for advancing the wire, one-
ninth of the revolution for cutting off the length of wue and curying it forward
between the cutters or bits, one-half the revolution for shaping the ends of the

page_text: dowel or pin, and the rest of the revolution for the return and clearing away the
finished dowel or pin
The spindles of the two cutters or bits should revolve in opposite directions, and
a convenient speed for them is at the rate of from 1,500 to 2,000 revolutions per
minute, the speed of the main shaft being 40 revolutions per minute
I have described the machine for the manufacture of dowels or pins tiom wie of
No 8 guage or smaller, for 10d or larger wue the machine will have to be made
proportionally large and stronger
It is evident that many of the parts here described may be varied without
affecting the result, for instance, face cams have been here described with springs
for the return of the different parts, but slot cams may be substituted, in which
case the springs would not be necessary
I have thus described the nature of my Invention and the operations connected
therewith
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Delacourt Blyth, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundied and seventy-seven