IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC FRAMES AND MECHANISH FOR MAKING SAME
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC
FRAMES AND MECHANISH FOR MAKING SAME."-A communication from
abroad by Garrett Peter Bergen and Charles Thomas Bainbridge,
both of the City and State of New York, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners' of 'Patents, with his
Petition, on the 12th August 1868.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC FRAMÉS
AND MECHANISM FOR MAKING SAME," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists, firstly, in a card or card frame of paper or
other material having an opening through it for exhibition of the

page_text: picture, and framed with an embossed border round the opening on the
front side or face of the card or frame.
The Invention also consists in a card or frame of the character
'described with a cavity in its rear for reception of the picture.
The mechanism for producing these cards or frames consists of a
punching and cutting press, in which the card or paper to be operated
upon is wound upon a roller from which it is drawn off by an inter-
mittent motion, which will bring forward the card under the punch
and cutting tools, which are moved up and down by a crank or excentric.
The punch for cutting the opening and the embossing tool for ornament-
ing the border, together with the shears or cutting tools for cutting up
the cards or frames, are all mounted on or attached to the same plunger
and block, so that these three operations are performed simultaneously.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th February 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66; Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her
special licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC FRAMES AND MECHANISM FOR MAKING
BAME," being a communication to me from Garrett Peter Bergen and
Charles Thomas Bainbridge, both of the City and State of New York,.

page_text: United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Iuven-
tion, and in what manner the saine was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say): :-
The Invention consists, firstly, in a card or card frame of paper or
other material having an opening through it for exhibition of the
picture, and framed with an embossed border round the opening on the
front side or face of the card or frame.
The Invention also consists in a card or frame of the character
described with a cavity in its rear for reception of the picture.
Likewise the Invention covers the production of a card or frame by
simultaneously punching the paper or other material of which it is
composed to form the opening for exhibition of the picture and
embossing the border of the opening.
And the Invention further consists in a combination with automatic
feeding devices for feeding a continuous strip of paper or other materials
of mechanism for punching in regular order a series of openings in
the same, and embossing the margins or edges of said openings, including
also means for simultaneously cutting the strip into cards or frames of
the required length or size.
Having thus explained the nature of the Invention, its description will
be proceeded with in reference to the accompanying Drawing.
Fig. 1 represents a front face view of a picture card or frame
constructed in accordance with the Invention; Fig. 2, a longitudinal
section of the same taken through the centre of the card; and Fig. 3,
a similar view thereof under a modified construction; Fig. 4, a front
elevation on a reduced scale of a machine for producing such cards
of

page_text: frames; and Fig 5, a central sectional elevation of the same taken
át right angles to Fig. 4.
In the accompanying Drawing A, Figures 1, 2, and 3, represent a
card or frame for photographic and other pictures made with an
opening a in its centre of any suitable size and configuration to suit
the picture it is designed to receive or exhibit, and having formed on its
front side or face a raised or embossed border 6 of any suitable character
or ornamental design around the edges of the opening, so that when
the photographic or other picture is pasted or otherwise secured to the
back thereof to be visible through said opening it will appear, as a
finished or framed picture by reason of the embossed border & surrounding
the opening.
The mechanism for producing picture cards or frames of the character
described in an automatic and regular manner, and method of manu-
facturing said cards or frames, may be as follows:-
The paper board or other material is introduced to the machine in the
form of strips of the required width, that is to say, of a width equal to
the length or width of the cards, and wound on to a freely suspended
reel B, from which it is passed through a guide or support C to and
between guiding plates d, d, that serve to freely support said strip in a
level or plane, and to direct it laterally in a straight line as said strip c is
drawn forwards intermittently the requisite distance by feed rollers D, D',
through the plates d, d, to or between devices for punching the openings a
forming the embossed borders 6 around said openings, and cutting the
strip into sections of the required length to produce the cards or frames.
Both of these rollers D, D', may in the strict sense of the term be feed
rollers, that is, both of them may have a positive motion communicated
to them by suitable gears arranged on their shafts e, e¹, or the one
roller D may simply be a pressure roller adjustable as regards its bearing
on the strip c by a set screw or screws f applied to the bearings of
said roller, which are arranged to slide up and down as far as necessary
in uprights gerected on a bed piece E, while the shaft of the other
roller D' may work in fixed bearings within said uprights g, and the
latter roller be operated intermittently in the direction of the arrow x
to produce feed of the strip c as required, either by pawl and ratchet or
by a reciprocating friction block h constructed to bite in its down stroke
pulley keyed fast to the shaft e', but in its up stroke to move
loosely on or over the periphery of the disc or pulley i as in friction
on a

page_text: operating devices for producing feed in sewing and other machines.
The necessary reciprocating motion of the friction block h to produce
this intermittent action to the feed roller D' may be effected by or
through a pitman k attached to a crank or excentric pin / on a rotating
spur wheel F, and which may be adjustable as regards its throw to vary
the length of stroke to the friction block and intermittent feed of the
strip c according to the length or width of the cards or frames required.
The spur wheel F is fast to a shaft G hung in bearings m, m, carried by
uprights or side pieces H, H, erected on or connected with the fixed bed
plate I of the machine. J is a second or driving shaft also hung in
bearings secured to the uprights H, and carrying fast and loose
pulleys K, K', by which rotary motion is communicated or stopped at
pleasure to said shaft J. This shaft carries a fly wheel L and pinion M,
the latter gearing with the wheel F for the purpose of driving the
latter. The shaft G is cranked. or bent so as to form an eccentric
pin or wrist n, on which is hung a sliding block o that in the rotation
of the shaft G serves to give a vertical reciprocating action through a
yoke r to a rod N working through a suitable guide or bearing P con
nected with the main frame. This rod N is attached in an adjustable
manner by screw thread cut on it and nuts 8, 8, with a vertically sliding
upper die and cutter carrier Q that works in guides R, R, connected
with the main frame. The upper die S is of any suitable size and form
on its face or faces according to the dimensions and configuration of
the border to be embossed around the opening in the card or frame,
and is provided with a punch or projection u which serves to form said
opening. T is the upper or working cutter arranged on the off side or
edge of the carrier Q and projecting below it. This upper die S with
its punch u and cutter T operate as they are vertically reciprocated by
the carrier Qin connection with a fixed lower embossing die S¹ and
cutter T carried by a block v connected with the bed piece E, said block,
lower die bed piece, and bed plate I being suitably perforated to give
to said die a female character for a proper action of the punch, and to
permit of the waste or punched pieces of the strip passing off. The
upper and lower dies S, S', are or may be of similar embossed con-
figuration, but the one of a male and the other of a female character.
To effect the adjustment of the lower die relatively to the upper one
and its punch the bed piece E should be made capable of sliding on
the bed plate I and be adjustable thereon in different directions by set
screws wo, also the block be adjustable on said bed piece and removeable

page_text: therefrom. From this description it will be seen that on motion being
communicated to the machine an intermittent feed is given to the
strip c from off the reel B by the action of the rollers D, D', to an extent
which is equal to the length or breadth, as the case may be, of the
card or frame, such feed occurring during the up stroke of the carrier Q,
which in coming down and while the strip c is at rest punches the
opening a and embosses the border 6 by means of the dies S, S',
and punch u.
This operation is repeated till the strip c is worked
up, and thus punched and embossed it, as fed forwards, is cut into
cards or frames of the required size by the action of the cutters T, T.
In this way is the automatically fed strip simultaneously punched,
embossed, and cut into cards or frames of a uniform size, form, and
design, and the finished cards or frames delivered in rapid succession
over or beyond the lower cutter. By giving to the border b a sunken
character in its rear or forming it with a cavity, as shewn at z in Fig. 3,
and which may be done by a suitable construction of the dies S, S¹, the
picture when inserted is made to assume a prominent appearance, or be
thrown forwards into or through the opening a of the card or frame.
Of course numerous changes may be made in the general construction
of the machine and its details without departing from the peculiar
character or principle of the Invention, or that portion of it which
relates to the manufacture of cards or frames of the description herein
referred to; thus, for instance, the machine may be simplified and
changed by omitting one of the uprights H, thereby leaving the machine
open on the one side and giving the strip feed through the machine in a
direction at right angles to that shewn in the Drawing.
If desired the cards may be first cut to their required exterior
dimensions and afterwards have the openings a made in them and
embossed borders formed round said openings by means of a punch
and dies acting in concert or simultaneously, substantially as described,
but in such case the feed motion and cutters S, S', may be omitted in
the machine, and the latter be provided with a gauge to give to the card
its proper position in the machine for the action of the punch and dies
thereon.
Having now described this Invention, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I desire it to be understood that under the
above in part recited Letters Patent, I claim,

page_text: Firstly. A card or frame of paper or other material of similar character
for photographic and other pictures formed with an opening a surrounded
by an embossed border b, substantially as specified.
Secondly. A card or frame for photographs and other pictures formed
with an opening a and raised or embossed border 6 on its one side or face,
and with a cavity z in the back for the reception of the picture, essentially
as described.
Thirdly. The production of a card or frame for photographic and other
pictures by simultaneously punching an opening a in the card and
embossing the latter around said opening.
Fourthly. A combination of mechanism for simultaneously punching
and embossing the margin of the opening a in the card in connection
with means for automatically feeding the material and cutting it into
sizes of the required dimensions of the cards or frames, substantially
as specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twelfth day of February, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.