CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC PRESSES AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Oram, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC
PRESSES AND IN THE APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE WITH."
Sealed the 11th September 1868, and dated the 26th March 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Oram at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th March 1868.
do
for "CERTAIN IM-
I, WILLIAM ORAM, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
PROVEMENTS IN HYDRAULIC PRESSES AND
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
IN THE APPARATUS
CONNECTED
My Invention relates, first, to improvements in hydraulic presses
described in the first part of the Specification of Letters Patent previously
granted to me, dated May 22nd, A.D. 1854, No. 1140, wherein two
rams are employed, an inner stationary ram and an outer one contained
in one cylinder, and this part of the present improvements consists
in the employment and use of an inner ram which is not stationary
but lifted by the hydraulic pressure within the outer ram, the pressure
[Price 8d.]

page_text: of water is first admitted to the top of the outer ram and the table
is lifted to a required height, which being attained, a spring valve or
tap is acted upon by the action of the ram which admits the pressure
by another inlet beneath the two rams whereby increased pressure
and extra length of lift is obtained, and when the full pressure and
height of the table is attained a handle is moved by self-acting means
which releases the spring and allows the water to return, and in its
passage to act upon a valve and weighted lever which disconnects the
clutch or driving connection and stops the hydraulic pumps.
Secondly. The improvements consist in the employment and use of weighted
levers which are to be so applied to the valves of hydraulic pumps, that such
valves may be weighted so as to open and admit of the passage of water from
the pipes the supplying the cylinder, or from the return pipes at any required
and arranged pressure.
Thirdly. The Invention relates to an improved fastening for the boxes
termed "baling boxes" employed in connection with hydraulic presses,
and the improvements consist in the employment and application of
vertical plates or bars to the horizontal bars which are provided to strengthen
the boxes, such vertical plates having T-shaped openings into which
the ends of the horizontal bars enter and wherein they become
locked by sliding the vertical plates in the direction of their length
by means of a lever or levers attached thereto, and the box is so arranged
that at one side the upper portion may be opened whilst the other sides are
closed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed 2
by the said William Oram in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th
September 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ORAM, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her Most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 3
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Oram, Her special license

page_text: that 1, the said William Oram, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Oram, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HYDRAULIC PRESSES AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Oram,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Oram, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to .
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying Drawing (that is to say):-
improvements
My Invention relates, first, to improvements in hydraulic presses
described in the first part of the Specification of Letters Patent
previously granted to me, dated May 22, 1854, No. 1140, wherein
two arms are employed, an inner stationary ram and an outer onc
contained in one cylinder, and this part of the present
consist in the employment and use of an inner ram which is not
stationary but lifted by hydraulic pressure within the outer ram.
The pressure of water is first admitted to the top of the outer ram and the
table is lifted to a required height, which being attained, a spring valve or
tap is acted upon by the action of the ram which pressure by another inlet
beneath the two rams whereby increased pressure and extra length
of lift is obtained, and when the full pressure and height of the table is obtained,
a handle is moved by self-acting means which releases the spring
and allows the water return and its passage to act upon a valve and weighted
lever which disconnects the clutch or driving connection and stops the hydraulic
pumps.
Secondly. The improvements consist. in the employment and use of weighted
levers which are to be applied to the valves of hydraulic pumps that such
valves may be weighted so as to open and admit of the passage of water from

page_text: the pipes supplying the cynder, UL from the return pipes at any
and arranged pressure.
Thirdly. The Invention relates to an improved fastening for the boxes
termed "baling boxes" employed in connection with hydraulic presses,
And the improvements consist in the employment and application of
vertical plates or bars to the horizontal bars which are provided to strengthen
the boxes, such vertical plates having T-shaped openings into which
the ends of the horizontal bars enter and wherein they become
locked by sliding the vertical plates in the direction of their length
by means of a lever or levers attached thereto, and the box is so arranged
that at one side the upper portion may be opened whilst the other sides are
closed.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in detail,
I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of about two
inches to the foot.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of the improved hydraulic ram, the table
baling box and entablatures being shewn in elevation; Fig. 2 repre-
sents a side elevation of the same in which the hydraulic pumps
and their connections with the ram cylinder of the press are also shewn
in elevation; Fig. 3. represents a plan section of the coupling or
junction valves placed in the pipes connecting the pumps with the press; and
Fig. 4 represents a plan view of a portion of the "baling box" and
its fastenings; Figs. 5 and 6 are detached detailed views of such
fastenings.
ram e,
these
a, are
rams
d and
valves seen
e
In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, a,
the pillars and entablatures
of an hydraulic press; b, the "baling box;" c, the table connected to the
outer. hollow or cylindrical ram d, which contains a second indepen-
the
dent solid
contained in
are
hydraulic cylinder f, and are acted upon so as to raise the table by means of
the hydraulic pumps and
in Fig. 3 in the following
manner-When the hydraulic pumps commence action the valve g,
(Fig. 3) is opened, through which water is forced into the hollow tube
or pipe h, in which the pipe i, secured to the table c, is immersed, and in
which it moves up and down as the table rises or falls; the water
from such receiver is forced through the sliding pipe into the hollow
a pressure on
ram d, which during the action of the pumps exerts
the inner area of the ram and raises the table to a certain elevation, the

page_text: vacuum or space underneath and outside the hollow ram during its
rise being filled by suction with water which enters such space through
the pipe k without pressure, but when the table has attained a
certain elevation the superior pressure of water exerting a pressure in excess
of the spring 1, (Fig. 3) force back the valve m thereby opening
a thoroughfare or passage for the water through the pipe k into the space
underneath the ram embracing the central solid ram e, the pres-
sure and action of which raises the table to its highest elevation. When the
packing is complete, and it is desired to check the action of the press, the
handle 13 (Fig. 3) is drawn back which immediately closes
the passage between the pump and the press, and opens the passage
through the pipe o communicating with the cistern of the hydraulic
pumps. Before the return water enters such cistern it is caused to
act upon and raise the plunger or piston o' in connection with the
friction driving gearing p through the medium of the levers q, the rising
action of which forces the frictional driving cone out of gear,
preventing thereby the continued action of the pumps as soon as the
raising of the plunger or piston o¹ is effected, the continued and increased
pressure of the returning water in the valve box r, communicating
with the cistern raises the spring valve s. effecting thereby a
clear passage for the water into the cistern. The valves t, t, regulating
the maximum pressure of the pumps are provided with a lever
and adjustable weight that nulify the action of the suction valves when
the pressure is attained at which the action of the pumps is required
to cease. The baling box fastenings are arranged in such a manner
that when the handle u is compressed the latch is released, which
allows the lever handle u¹ to be lower, the action of which raise the
vertical T-slotted or notched bar and allow the heads of the bars v¹
to be released so as to be withdrawn from the fastenings, thereby
allowing of the box being readily opened. The action of the pumps
are nulified when the pressure has been attained at which the valves are
set by means of the rods w, which with the greatest pressure is caused
to lower and compress the spring w¹, the action of which when the plunger
again rises is to raise the valves so as to destroy the action and effects of the
pumps.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention together with the
rảnh ' ta ba iinode

page_text: First. The novel and peculiar construction and arrangement of "rams" as
shewn and described, whereby two distinct elevations are obtained and given
to the table of hydraulic presses.
Secondly. The novel construction of fastenings to
to be employed for
securing the doors of baling boxes, and also the method or arrangement
whereby the whole of the bars securing the box are simultaneously
released.
Thirdly. The novel arrangement and construction of coupling and spring con-
necting the suction valves of the pumps, and for preventing their action when
a given pressure has been attained.
And, lastly, I claim the general arrangement, construction and combination
of apparatus as herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the
Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Oram, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES,
Office for Patents,
Manchester,
W. ORAM. (L.S.)