IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF BACK ROLLERS, CARRIERS, AND CARRIAGES IN DRAWING, ROVING, AND SPINNING MACHINERY FOR WOOL, HAIR, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Smith and Samuel Smith, (trading under
the Firm of John and Samuel Smith,) both of Low Bridge Works,
Keighley, in the County of York, Machine and Tool Makers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING OF BACK
ROLLERS, CARRIERS, AND CARRIAGES IN DRAWING, ROVING, AND SPINNING
MACHINERY FOR WOOL, HAIR, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 31st March 1868, and dated the 2nd October 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Smith and Samuel
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 2nd October 1867.
We, WILLIAM SMITH and SAMUEL SMITH, (trading under the Firm of John
and Samuel Smith,) both of Low Bridge Works, Keighley, in the County of
York, Machine and Tool Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING, OF BACK
ROLLERS, CARRIERS, AND CARRIAGES IN DRAWING, ROVING, AND SPINNING
MACHINERY FOR WOOL, HAIR, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to
be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and application of certain mechanical
arrangements and combinations of parts herein-after described in the con-

page_text: struction and working of the back rollers and carriers and their carriages, in
drawing, roving, and spinning machinery for wool, hair, silk, and flax, and
other fibrous substances, and has for its object the more even working or winding
backwards and forwards of the back rollers, carriers, and their carriages on
the above-named machines than any other modes hitherto employed; it is also
a certain method of keeping the rollers and carriers true or straight during
the alteration of the "ratches" from one length to another, and consequently
effects a considerable saving in time and labor, as any one person can with
ease make the alteration, and without even stopping the machine.
application of these motions the back rollers and carriers are kept straight or
in an even line, as all parts must move simultaneously, thereby preventing a
breakage in the pins and couplings, also avoiding a great amount of wear and
tear in the couplings, consequently there must be a considerable saving in the
power required to drive these parts of the machinery.
By the
In applying this Invention to the back rollers (and their carriages) of a
spinning or "dandy "roving frame, for example, we provide each back roller
carriage with a screwed nut passing downwards through a slot in the carriage
stand, and having working through it a screw mounted in the carriage stand
below the slot, and in a line parallel with it; the outer end of each screw is
furnished with a small bevil wheel gearing with a similar wheel keyed upon a
shaft running at right angles to the screws across the whole width of the
machine; this shaft is carried in suitable bearings, and is provided at one end
(or at each end) with a winch handle, by means of which it can be turned.
It will be evident that upon turning this shaft the bevil wheels will cause all
the screws to turn simultaneously, and thus advance or withdraw all the back
roller carriages with their rollers at the same time and at the same speed.
Another method of applying our Invention so as to move or alter the
"ratch" of the back rollers, carriers, and their carriages (each string separately)
is as follows-In this case the screws instead of revolving are fixed and
stationary. Upon each screw beneath the carriage is mounted a worm wheel
the boss of which is tapped so as to work like a nut upon the screw, the wheel
being itself confined between two lugs attached to the bottom part of the
carriage, and projecting downwards through the slot in the stand. Imme-
diately below these worm wheels and at right angles to the screws is mounted
a shaft extending across the whole width of the machine, having thereon a
number of worms, one gearing with each of the worm wheels above named;
this shaft is mounted in and carried by brackets attached to the underneath of
the roller carriages, and hence when this shaft is turned by means of a winch
handle at one end, all the worn wheels commence to revolve simultaneously

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Smith and Samuel Smith in the Great Seal Patent-
Office on the 1st April 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
SMITH and SAMUEL SMITH, (trading under the Firm of John and Samuel
Smith,) both of Low Bridge Works, Keighley, in the County of York,
Machine and Tool Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said William Smith and Samuel Smith, Her special licence that we, the
said William Smith and Samuel Smith, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said William Smith and Samuel Smith,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION AND WORKING OP BACK ROLLERS, CARRIERS, AND CARRIAGES IN DRAWING,
ROVING, AND SPINNING MACHINERY FOR WOOL, HAIR, SILK, FLAX, AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Smith and Samuel Smith, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Smith and Samuel Smith, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement in writing and on reference to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings :-
This Invention consists in the use and application of certain mechanical

page_text: arrangements and combination of parts herein-after described in the construc-
tion and working of the back rollers and carriers, and their carriages in
drawing, roving, and spinning machinery for wool, hair, silk, flax, and other
fibrous substances, and has for its object the more even working or winding
backwards and forwards of the back rollers, carriers, and their carriages on
the above-named machines, than any other modes hitherto employed, it is also
a certain method of keeping the rollers true or straight during the alteration
of the "ratchets" from one length to another, and consequently effects a con-
siderable saving in time and labor, as any one person can with ease make the
alteration. By the application of these motions the back rollers and carriers
are kept straight or in an even line, as all parts must move simultaneously.
thereby preventing a breakage in the pins and couplings, also avoiding a great
amount of wear and tear in the couplings, consequently there must be a con-
siderable saving in the power required to drive these parts of the machinery.
In applying this' Invention to the back rollers (and their carriages) of a
spinning or "dandy" roving frame, for example, we provide each back roller
carriage with a screwed nut, passing downwards through a slot in the carriage
stand, and having working through it a screw, mounted in the carriage stand
below in a line parallel with it. The outer end of each screw is furnished
with a small bevil wheel gearing with a similar wheel keyed upon a shaft
running at right angles to the screws for the whole length of the machine.
This shaft is carried in suitable bearings, and is provided at one end with a
It will be evident that
winch handle by means of which it can be turned.
upon turning this shaft the bevil wheels will cause all the screws to turn
simultaneously, and thus advance or withdraw all the back roller carriages
with their rollers at the same time and at the same speed.
Another method of applying our Invention so as to move or alter the
"ratch" of the back rollers, carriers, and their carriages (each string sepa-
rately) is as follows:-In this case the screws instead of revolving are fixed
and stationary. Upon each screw beneath the carriage is mounted a worm
wheel, the boss of which is tapped so as to work like a nut upon the screw,
the wheel itself being confined between two lugs attached to the bottom part
of the carriage, and projecting downwards through the slot in the stand.
Immediately below these worm wheels, and at right angles to the screws, is
mounted a shaft extending the whole length of the machine, and having
thereon a number of worms, one gearing with each of the worm wheels
above named. This shaft is mounted in and carried by brackets attached to
the under side of the roller carriages, and hence when this shaft is turned by
means of a winch handle at one end all the worm wheels commence to revolve

page_text: simultaneously, and move themselves and their respective roller carriages
either forward or backward upon the screws as may be desired.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention for "Improve-
ments in the Working of Back Rollers, Carriers, and Carriages in Drawing,
Roving, and Spinning Machinery for Wool, Hair, Silk, Flax, and other
Fibrous Substances," we will now proceed to describe more in detail the
manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into prac-
tical effect, and in order that the same may be distinctly understood we have
annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and bave marked
the same with Figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in
the following explanation thereof, that is to say :-
Figure 1 in the annexed Drawing is a partial side elevation of a carriage
stand for spinning or "dandy" roving frames, and Figure 2 is a plan view of
same, as seen from above, shewing the manner in which the screws are attached
to the carriages and stands, and the arrangement for driving the same simul-
taneously. This motion as shewn at Figures 1 and 2, is applied to the back
rollers and their carriages only.
Figure 3 is a partial elevation of carriage stands and back roller carriage.
This exhibits another method of moving and altering the "ratches" of both
back rollers, carriers, and their carriages, each string separately.
In Figures 1 and 3 part of the carriage stand is broken away in order more
clearly to show the working parts of the arrangement. A, A, is the carriage
stand; B, B, the back roller carriage; C, C, the screw; and D, D, the shaft
for moving all the carriages simultaneously.
Tho worm wheel (in Figure 8) is marked E, and the worm F; the carriers
are all moved in the same manner as the back roller in Figure 3, that is, by
means of worms and worm wheels. In both cases the screws C, C, have no
longitudinal motion. In Figures 1 and 2 the carriages are moved backwards
and forwards by the turning of the said screws in the screwed nut H by
means of the mitre wheels G, G, and in Figure 3 the screws C, C, do not
revolve, being entirely stationary, and the carriages are moved backwards and
forwards by the turning of the worm wheel E by means of the worm F, the
said worm being bored and tapped to fit the screw, and confined between
the two brackets I, J, as previously explained.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention for
"Improvements in the Construction and Working of Back Rollers, Carriers,
and Carriages in Drawing, Roving, and Spinning Machinery for Wool, Hair,
Silk, Flax, and other Fibrous Substances," together with the manner in which
the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, we would

page_text: remark in conclusion that we claim as our Invention the manner of con-
struction and working of back rollers, carriers, and their carriages, substantially
as above described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Smith and Samuel Smith, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-seventh day of March,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered
by the before-named Samuel
Smith and William Smith, in
the presence of
GEO. BURB,
Sol.,
Keighley.
WILLIAM SMITH. (L.S.)
SAMUEL SMITH.
(L.S.)