Improvements in Nut and Pipe Wrenches.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 14th Apr., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Nut and Pipe Wrenches.
1, CHRISTIAN BLACK of Green Cove Springs, Florida, U.S.A., Court Judge,.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to-
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has relation to Improvements in Nut and Pipe Wrenches.
In the accompanying drawing, to which reference is made :
Fig. 1, is a plan view of my improved wrench, with a portion of the handle in:
longitudinal section.
Fig. 2, is a perspective view of the outer slidable jaw and handle.
Fig. 3, is a perspective view of the inner jaw and stem or shank; the latter being
partly broken away.
Fig. 4, is a perspective view of the slidable band removed.
In said drawings:-A, indicates the outer head, which in the present embodiment
of my invention is provided at one side of its stem or shank C, with a jaw a, and
on the opposite side of said stem or shank, with a jaw b, the latter being plain on
its inner side, while the former is provided on its inner side with teeth or
serrations c. The stem C, which extends centrally from the inner side of the
head A, is plain for a portion of its length, as shown, and is then reduced in width,.
as shown at d, and is provided at its free end on opposite sides, with teeth e.
B, indicates the inner head. This head is provided centrally with a transverse
aperture, and on one side of the aperture is a jaw g, which is straight on its side
adjacent to the jaw b, and on the opposite side of said aperture a jaw h, which.
is bevelled on its side adjacent to the toothed or serrated jaw a. It will thus be
seen that I have two straight jaws which will serve effectively as a nut wrench,.
and I also have a straight toothed jaw to serve in connection with a bevelled, plain.
jaw, as a pipe wrench.
Secured to or formed integral with the head B, are two similar branches i, which
are disposed longitudinally and receive between them the stem C, of the head A..
These branches i, are desigued to give or yield laterally, and in their normal
position they are slightly separated at their outer ends, as illustrated in dotted
lines. These branches are recessed at a suitable point in their length on their
inner sides, as shown at k, and within these recessed portions are teeth 1, which may
be pitched slightly rearwardly in opposite directions to engage the teeth e, on the
stem or shank C.
The jaw or head B, is limited in its opening movement by a stud or head m,.
extending from the opposite side of the stem C. By allowing the branches i,
which serve the additional function of handles, an outward, yielding movement at
their free ends, it will be seen that in order to fix the position of the jaws, it is
simply necessary to press such handles or branches by the grasp of the operator.
A slidable band N, is preferably employed on the handle, as shown, and is
placed on the contracted or reduced portions of the branches, so that when slid_to
a certain point, either forward or backward, it will force said branches against the
inner stem or shank.
In operation, it will be seen that by easing the grasp upon the handles or
branches i, or moving the band to the desired position, the jaws may be slid apart,
when by tightening the grasp upon said branches, or sliding the band, the teeth on
the inner sides of the branches i, will be brought into engagement with the teeth
on the stem C, and the tighter the grasp of the operator, or frictional contact of

page_text: the band, the tighter will be the engagement at the toothed portion, and
consequently the more securely will be the hold of the jaws.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A wrench comprising a slidable head, having a hollow, internally-toothed, and
resilient handle, and a head having a stem or shank passing into the slidable head
and handle and having a plain portion to furnish a bearing for the slidable, head
and prevent a rocking movement thereon and also having teeth to engage those of
the handle, substantially as specified.
2. As an improved article of manufacture, a pipe and nut wrench, comprising a
head having a stem or shank provided with teeth on opposite sides, a head slidable
on said shank or stem and having two yielding branches, provided with teeth on
their inner sides and adapted to engage the teeth on said stem, substantially as
specified.
3. The improved wrench, having the head A, provided with the jaws
and b,
and the stem or shank c, having a stop, and also having the reduced portion
provided with teeth on opposite sides, and the head B, slidable on said stem and
provided with the jaws g, and h, and also provided with two yielding branches i,
having the teeth on their inner sides to engage the teeth on the stem, substantially
as specified.
a,
4. A wrench comprising two slidable sections, one of which is provided with a
shank or stem having teeth, and the other a split or sectional handle to receive
said shank and having teeth to engage the teeth of the shank and a slidable band
on said handle for forcing the teeth of the handle into engagement with the teeth
of the shank, substantially as specified.
Dated this 13th day of March 1894.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents.