Improvements in Machines for Warping, Dressing, Drying, and Beaming the Warp Threads or Chain for Fabrics.
Year: 1889

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Warping, Dressing, Drying, and
Beaming the Warp Threads or Chain for Fabrics.
We, FRIEDRICH SUCKER and HERMANN SUCKER both of Grünberg, Silesia, Prussia,
Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the-
following statement. :-
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 is a side view of the warping machine;
Figure 2 is a plan of a portion of the warping drum.
Figure 3 is a side view, Figure 4 a plan, and Figure 5 an end view of a segment
fixed over two laths.
Figure 6 is a view of the dressing, drying, and beaming machine; Figure 7 is a
cross section of the drying chamber; Figure 8 is a cross section of a dressing trough ;
Figure 9 is a device for stretching the warps; Figures 10 to 16 are details shown on
an enlarged scale.
The warps which are wound upon sheet metal, wood, or paper spools by a spinning
or twisting frame or jenny are placed in suitable number upon a spool stand A
(travers) constructed in accordance with the class of spools used; the threads pass to
and through the devices on the stand B and the separator or ravel C over the
measuring rollers D in order to reach the warping drum E which is mounted upon a
frame moving on wheels or castors and is provided for the distribution or division into
porters" of the various threads, between the segments a disposed over the whole width
"
of the drum E.
The threads proceeding from the spools A are guided between two spindles carried
by the movable levers 2 and suspended from the segmental piece 3 whence they are
conducted through the "Lease" plate and the separation to the warping drum. The
threads are fixed in a well known manner upon the latter and at the beginning or end
The sectors 3
of each sheet of yarn the cross shed is formed in the following manner.
(Figures 17 and 18) rest upon a common shaft 3× which is rotated by means of the

page_text: The
small hind wheels c² mounted on both ends thereof and capable of being stopped in
three different positions by the ratchet wheel d³ and pawl (Figure 17).
"Lease" plate a² is shown in Figures 18 and 19, furnished alternatively with free
openings and with openings which are partly soldered up, and through each opening
passes a thread. If now, the levers 2 suspended from the sectors 3 and its pins or
spindles 1, 1, are raised in the upper position (shown in dotted lines) by the appliances
of the shaft 3*, only these threads which are placed within the free openings of the
"Lease" plate a² will follow, while the threads passing through the partly soldered
openings are held back by these soldered paris in order to form the lower part of the
cross shed.
The separation of the threads thus effected is continued by means of a wooden bar
which is simply pushed forward between the chain threads as far as the ravel or
separator C and behind the latter until the commencement of the sheet of yarn is
reached when the end of a tape is inserted in this place. (Should a cross shed be
required at the end of each sheet of yarn, its formation must take place before the
above described operation of cutting the lengths of threads). The pins or spindles 1,
are now brought in the lower position (shown in dotted lines) so that the pawl
engages with the tooth f2 of the ratchet wheel d². The threads 2¹ found in the free
openings follow on again and form the lower part of the shed. Between the shed now
formed is brought the other end of the tape, one end of which has been inserted
previously in the lower part of the cross shed and these two ends are tied together.
This tape remains in the warp during the following manipulation and holds the
"Lease" thus formed until the chain is taken up in the Loom.
During the warping operation, the spindles 1, 1, are held in a central position (as
shown in the drawing) by reason of the pawl & gearing with the tooth g, so that the
threads of the central part of the "Lease" plate a² may also be fed.
Behind the "Lease" plate, the necessary tension is given at the same time to all the
threads by means of a brake formed of two parallel bars 4, 4, and capable of being
turned. The two bars 4, 4, (Figures 17 and 19) are firmly rivetted between the end
dises and 2 which can turn on the frame about the bolts k². One of the discs 2 is
provided with perforations 12 in which fits the pin m² of the spring n², whereby the
rods 4, 4, are firmly held in the position required and the threads are suitably stretched.
We employ a measuring dial index actuated by the measuring roller D for
registering by means of signs any suitable measure of length to be warped, while in
order to obtain a more accurate control we fit a counting mechanism in connection
with the warping drum E giving an indication corresponding with that of the
measurer D. When the required length of the threads has been warped in the usual
manner between two crowns a a formed by the segments the threads are cut off and
then the drum E is pushed sideways a distance equal the width of the crowns, and
the warping process is recommenced.
The warping drum E is constructed in the following manner :-The sides of the
lathsin contact with the segments a, Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5, are provided with iron
rails c screwed thereon to ensure greater durability. At one end of each segment a
-are placed angular pieces d which rest upon the iron rails c and hold the segments at
right angles to the laths while serving at the same time as guides. The other end of
each segment a is furnished with a notch e in which engages a bent spring f of steel
swire.
The fixing of the segments is effected in such a manner that the resting point of the
bent spring is the notch e, the bend of the former bearing firmly against the rail c.
The free arms are stretched and firmly secured by straining them down below the
projections g formed on both sides of the segment a.
To release this spring and the segment, the two arms i i must be opened outwards
and raised over the projections or stops g.
The laths are provided on their whole length with divisions formed by transverse
grooves or channels having for object to further enable the operative to distribute the
segments upon the width of the drum aforesaid without having to take any special

page_text: measurement. These transverse grooves or channels are marked with numbers and
various colours, so that the operative can rapidly and easily read off each time the
predetermined width of the band to be cut or shorn.
After the threads are warped upon the drum E along the whole width, the former
is preliminarily beamed by means of a simple beam stock F upon a roller G which can
be easily handled, whereby the threads can be suitably fastened by applying a brake
composed of brake bands upon the warping drum E. This roller G with the warped
threads is then placed before the dressing machine H Figure 6.
The chain is led for the full width of the fabric from the roller G over a guiding
roller and through the dressing material over an adjustable roller a¹ immersed in the
dressing trough J, being subsequently pressed between two pressure rollers K K
covered over with copper or felt according to requirements. The upper pressure
roller K is loaded with a weighted lever. The chain then passes over the guiding
roller Land around a split drum M of the preliminary drying device N.
In this drum is placed a fan or ventilator V producing a draught of air drawn from
the surrounding space which is accordingly not heated and slowly effects a preliminary
and advantageous drying of the dressing on the threads. The dressing trough J is.
arranged according to the class of dressing material required.
When potatoe flour mixed with starch, grain flour, linseed flour, or like material,
is used as a dressing it should be made very hot and constantly retain the same
viscosity. In this case we use a false bottom Figures 6 and 15 and we fill the
space formed between this false bottom and the box or case with water which is
heated by steam admitted through a pipe c¹ furnished with perforations while the
excess of water, increased by the addition of the water formed by the condensation
of steam is freely allowed to escape at d' through an overflow pipe.
The viscous liquid dressing material which heretofore owing to its being directly
heated became firmly baked against the surfaces that were in direct contact with
steam and hence could not furnish a sufficient amount of heat, comes now only in
contact with surfaces heated by water, in consequence whereof such injurious baking
is entirely avoided.
The false bottom & may be provided with a flange at its_upper end
facilitate its withdrawal when loosely arranged or it may be as shown in order to
Figure 15
firmly soldered in position. When using a dressing material which does not bake
against the walls of the receptacle (generally thin horn glue) we place in the trough J
Figures 8 and 16 a flat pipe e in which serpentine channels g' are formed by means
of rivetted rails f¹ (Figure 16) likewise serving for strengthening or stiffening
purposes. In order that the dressing material should circulate at the lower part of
the flat pipe e¹ the latter is furnished with a few feet.
By means of this arrangement a great length of piping will present a corre
spondingly large heating surface while the serpentine passage of the steam within
the same causes a rapid circulation this being a rational mode of using the said steam.
The chain passes upwardly from the preliminary drying apparatus N into the
drying chamber in which light is admitted through sliding windows and which is
easily accessible all round. This drying chamber is divided into an upper and
lower chamber by a partition or false bottom P which prevents the heat rising from
the lower chamber from being sucked up by the exhauster placed in the drying
chamber before the said heat has been thoroughly utilized.
In this false bottom P we arrange and distribute over the whole surface thereof a
number of slots which may be simultaneously closed more or less by means of a
butterfly connected therewith and provided with a hand lever m for the purpose of
regulating according to requirements and whenever necessary the temperature of the
upper part of the chamber O for the chain which is still damp, and of distributing
at the same time over its whole surface the hot air rising from below.
The chain is conveyed while still damp up to the chamber where its moisture is
sucked up by the exhauster and it is gradually passed over the guiding rollers R,
towards the lower and warmer portion of the chamber O and thence around a drum M¹

page_text: provided with a fan V₁. This fan is open at its ends at the lower part of the casing
by the channels n and leading thereto the fresh air heated by the hot pipes O¹ and
drives the same through the chain wound several times around the drum M' and
further on around the guiding rollers R' thus effecting the thorough drying of the
chain.
The guiding rollers L L are driven in the same direction from the lower dressing
roller K, and the drums M M may be driven from the roller K by the chain kor
from the wheels o mounted loosely upon the shaft p. by the toothed gear & Figures 10
and 11 or upon the axis of the guiding roller shaft L. Figure 12 and firmly clipped
between the friction clutches rr furnished with felt or leather washers.
The friction clutches are pressed against one another by springs and hand
wheels s. Figure 10 shows this arrangement in a drum M rotating upon guiding
rollers and provided with teeth. Figure 11 shows a drum M¹ having a nave where
motion is imparted by a train of wheels. In Figure 12 the friction device or clutch
is applied to a guiding roller L.
According to existing appliances the transmission of speed is so arranged that when
the friction discs aro thoroughly and firmly clamped, the drums, M. M', pull rather
more yarn than the dressing or sizing rollers K feed, so that in this case the threads
of the warp break or are otherwise too much stretched.
Owing to the arrangement of the spring t upon the friction discs, each drum M
or M can as well as the guiding rollers be easily turned more or less by the hand-
wheels independently of one another and thus the stretching of the. warp thread can
be prevented, the warp threads being conveyed through the machine without actual
pull.
On the other hand the necessary tension can be given to the threads according to
their strength and quality and according to the requirements of the fabric which has
to be produced.
In the drying chamber all or a few of the guiding rollers R are driven in
common by the drum MI with the aid of a rope or cord u Figure 6, while the
remaining guiding rollers or a few of them can be provided with friction clutches
as above described and driven by the lower dressing roller K with the aid of suitable
bands. For this purpose a groove u is ent to form a path for the rope or cord in the
crown of the drum M Figure 11, while the guiding rollers R are likewise provided
with U shaped grooves, so that when the cord u is loosely laid it cannot be caught
and stopped but will slide and only imparts a motion to the rollers when properly
stretched or tightened. The periphery of the roller R is so calculated that these
rollers have an advance or lead upon the drum M. The loose cord is tightened
by the tension rollers vv, (Figure 6). The latter are fixed to a double armed lever
oscillating upon the shaft wc, so that by turning the lever y, the горе 31 can be more
or less tightened.
"
In the arrangement shown in Figures 6 and 13, the lever w carrying the stretching
rollers vis provided with a toothed wheel z in which engages a segmental lever y
whose free arm is loaded by means of a weight or the pressure of a spring and the
stretching rollers are thereby pressed against the cord u.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 14, there is fixed upon the shaft of the lever
carrying the rollers e, a pulley over which travels a strap or band a¹ which is
tightened or stretched by means of a spring y resting against a projection 2.
According as a greater or lesser pressure is exerted by the stretching rollers vv the
guiding rollers actuated by the cord u are uniformly driven by the drum M¹ with
a more or less strong pull and the tension of the threads desired for the various
fabrics is contantly regulated during the drying operation.
In order to be able to tie or harness when beaming the portion of the warp which
is thoroughly dry upon the warp roller or weaver's beam independantly of the tension
of the still damp portion of the chain in the machine, we provide at the outlet of the
drying chamber O, Figure 6, iron rollers S, S, which can rotate loosely or be fixed
by means of pins s¹, 2, and then act as sliding bolts. Moreover, there are sliding

page_text: bolts U arranged upon the beaming apparatus T (Figure 6) in such a manner that
between two firmly fixed bolts U' and U there is arranged a moveable bolt U.
By firmly fixing the rollers S as well as by moving the loose bolt U within the
guide V2, the desired bearing surfaces can be each time increased or decreased and
hence regulated. For particularly wide and tight warps which must be beamed
very firmly and in which case the wooden sliding bolts may break, we form the
changeable bearing surfaces of fixed iron pipes which cannot possibly break.
Figure 9 shows this arrangement in 3 different positions A, B, C. Two or more
iron pipes W are provided with bottoms and firmly screwed between double armed
levers, the latter pivot upon the pins which carry ratchet wheels controlled
by the pawls ³.
In the position A, Figure 9, the threads pass without friction between the pipes W;
at the position B, a part of the periphery, and at the position Ca greater part of
the outer surface of the pipes W is used as bearing surface, the bearing surfaces can
also be increased or diminished in this case by turning the ratchet wheel ².
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
-
In machines for the continuous actions of warping, dressing, drying and beaming
warp threads,
1. The construction of a stand B provided with the devices 1, 2, 3 for the formation
of the cross sheds in combination with the break arrangement formed of two parallel
bars for uniformly attaching the threads during the shearing operation, as set forth.
2. The division of the warping drum with circular segments a engaging with two
or more laths bb of the said drum, as set forth.
3. The attachment of the segments a upon the warping drum by means of the
angular pieces d d and the springs (Figures 3, 4, 5) which latter can be fixed by
depressing the free arms i below the catches g, g, as described.
4. Grooving or spacing the width of the drum E in suitable measures indicated
by numbers or by colors for conveniently and rapidly arranging the widths of the
bands, as set forth..
E
5. The construction of the dressing trough J in such a manner that said trough is
surrounded or partially so by water heated by the steam admitted, whereby the
quantity of water remains constant and the surplus water can freely run out, as
described.
6. The heating of the dressing material in the dressing trough by means of a flat
and long pipe having inner serpentine channels g', Figure 16, which pipe is provided
with feet and permits the full utilization of surfaces heated by steam at its lower
side, as set forth.
7. The system of gradual drying the warp, first, by means of fans or ventilators
which draw heated air from a lower chamber for preliminary drying and exhausts
through channels into an enclosed space O for completing the drying operation, such
air being driven through the chain or warp and the moisture removed from the
space through an exhauster Q, as set forth.
8. The arrangement of the false bottom P in the drying chamber such false
bottom being provided with slots which can be more or less closed by means of a
butterfly for regulating the heat and distributing it uniformly over the whole
surface, as described.
9. The variable driving of the drums M, M, and of the guiding rollers R, R',
with an advance or pull by means of friction clutches, r, and of the cominon
motion of a number of guiding rollers R, R', operated by a cord whose drawing
power can be at all time varied by means of spring stretching rollers, whereby the
tension of the warp carried over the drums and guiding rollers can be accurately
regulated at each stage of the drying operation and in accordance with the fabric
which it is desired to obtain, as set forth.

page_text: 10. The arrangement of rollers S, S, (Figure 6) which can be fixed and of the
sliding bolts U U¹ U2 or of the pipes W, W, (Figure 9) for harnessing at will the
chain threads which are completely dry while being wound on the weavers beam
independently of the damp chain in the machine, as set forth.
11. The whole arrangement of the machine in the manner described and shown in
the drawings, for the purpose or purposes explained.
CAT L 1000
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Friedrich Sucker and
Hermann Sucker.