Improvements in Rotary Pumps and Turbines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1894-Accepted, 18th Aug., 1984
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Pumps and Turbines.
I, OSBORNE REYNOLDS, Professor of Engineering, The Owens College, Man-
chester and 23 Lady Barn Road, Fallowfield, Manchester, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
In my Specification No. 724 of 1875 I described a construction of turbine
applicable as a rotary pump, wherein the working fluid or the fluid pumped had to
puss through successive chambers provided with guides and containing wheels with
suitably formed blades, so arranged that when the apparatus was used as a turbine
the pressure in the working fluid became reduced by successive stages imparting
impulse to the wheels, and, when the apparatus was used as a pump the pressure in
the fluid acted on, receiving impulse from the wheels, became increased by
successive stages.
My present invention relates to improvements in the construction of apparatus
of this kind as I shall explain referring to the accompanying drawings which shew,
by way of example, a turbine or pump operating by two stages.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 is a plan, partly sectional, Fig. 3 is a front view
of one set of the guides on their disc, Fig. 4 is a front view of one of the inter-
mediate discs; Fig. 5 is a part front view, drawn to an enlarged scale, of one of the
wheels, Fig. 6 is a transverse section on X X of Fig. 5 of one of the blades, and
Fig. 7 is a transverse section of a modified form of blade.
I shall describe the apparatus applied as a pump.
The casing is made in four parts having flanges by which they are bolted
together. The first part A is made with a flange A', stiffened by side ribs A',
which is bolted down to a suitable foundation; it has also an inlet A' for the fluid
to the first internal chamber a from which there are passages 6 through the
partition B into the next chamber a¹. In this chamber there are radial ribs G
which prevent the fluid from revolving so that it flows towards the axis passing
through a central aperture 6' into the first wheel chamber meeting the curved
parts of the wheel blades J which project from the boss I. The wheel rotating
sets the fluid in rotary motion, but it is directed by the guides F arranged in the
chamber beyond the wheel towards the second set of apertures 6 into another
chamber a', in which another set of radial ribs G cause it to flow towards the
second central aperture 6', to be acted on by a second wheel J and set of guides F,
and finally delivered through a chamber a³ to the outlet A5 in the end part A* of
the casing. Obviously instead of providing only two parts C C containing wheels
and guides there might be a greater number interposed between the end parts A
and A. The shaft S works in a bearing M formed in the end part A of the
casing, and extends beyond this bearing within a closed tube D. The shaft also
works in a bushed bearing N formed in the part A of the casing, and the bushing is
made in two parts with an interval between them forming a groove all round the
shaft. To this groove fluid under pressure is conducted by a pipe P, the quantity
being regulated by a cock.
The wheels are of such width as almost but not quite to touch the sides of the
chambers in which they revolve, these sides as well as the sides of the wheels being
faced in the turning lathe, and the bosses I of the wheels just fitting between
bosses E at the centres of the chambers. The wheel bosses I are fitted on the
shaft S on feather keys which are parallel, allowing the bosses 1 to accommodate
themselves to the sides of the bosses E.

page_text: When the apparatus is employed as a turbine the radial ribs G are dispensed
with and the working fluid preferably enters at A' and issues at A³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A rotary pump or turbine constructed and operating substantially as described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 13th day of July 1894. -
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant."