Process for the Purification of Oils, Fats, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 24th Nov.. 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Process for the Purification of Oils, Fats, and the like.
I, FREDERICK BURTON, of No. 2 Green Street, Bethnal Green, London,
Manufacturer of Chemicals, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
ollows:-
My invention relates to the purification of oils, fats and the like by treating
hem with sodium peroxide. In order to prevent too violent action and saponification,
I prefer, before adding the sodium peroxide to acidulate the material by addition
of sulphuric or other suitable acid.
Also, in order to retard the evolution of oxygen from the sodium peroxide, I
prefer, before adding it, to add a small quantity of a salt of an alkali or alkaline
earth, which may be added along with the acid. After the reaction with the
odium peroxide is completed, the impurities can be separated by skimming off
hose that float, decanting from those that are precipitated, or by filtering.
Dated this 16th day of January 1894.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Process for the Purification of Oils, Fats, and the like.
1, FREDERICK BURTON, of No. 2 Green Street, Bethnal Green, London,
Manufacturer of Chemicals, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the purification of oils, fats and the like by treating
them with sodium peroxide. In order to prevent too violent action and saponification,
I prefer, before adding the sodium peroxide to acidulate the material by addition
of sulphuric or. other suitable acid.
Also, in order to retard the evolution of oxygen from the sodium peroxide, I
prefer, before adding it, to add a small quantity of a salt of an alkali or alkaline
earth, which may be added along with the acid. After the reaction with the
sodium peroxide is completed, the impurities can be separated by skimming off
those that float, decanting from those that are precipitated, or by filtering.
For refining linseed oil I adopt, by way of example, the following process:
The raw oil is run into a suitable receptacle, and sulphuric acid 1.55 sp. gr.
110° Tw. is added to precipitate mucilage. After 12-14 hours or more the
cleared oil is drawn off from the precipitated sludge into another receptacle, and a
quantity of sulphuric acid of preferably 1-7 sp. gr. 140° Tw. (in which has
previously been dissolved sodium phosphate or other suitable salt of an alkaline
earth to the extent of 5 per cent. on the weight of sodium peroxide to be used) is
added sufficient to exactly neutralize the requisite quantity of sodium peroxide
which varies from 1 to 1 per cent. (according to the nature) of oil treated.
The mixture is then well agitated and the sodium peroxide is added slowly, care
being taken not to add too much at a time. The agitation is continued after all
the sodium peroxide has been added for 2 to 3 hours, when the whole is allowed to
TDQ37

page_text: stand for 24 hours, in which time the sulphuric acid should have neutralized the
sodium peroxide.
The oil must then be washed-after decanting or filtering. The oil when
heated to 570 F. changes colour less than raw oil so heated.
The refined oil dries more rapidly than before treatment. By the use of a larger
quantity of sodium peroxide and operating at a temperature higher than that
usually employed the drying properties approach those of boiled oil.
For refining cotton seed oil. The crude oil having been once or twice purged
with caustic soda in the usual manner, may be treated with from 1 to 1% of
sodium peroxide in the following manner.
Having estimated the quantity of sulphuric acid preferably 1.350 sp. gr.
necessary to neutralize the sodium peroxide to be used, I dissolve in the sulphuric
acid a quantity of salts of an alkaline earth preferably phosphate of soda which is
usually 5 per cent. of the weight of sodium peroxide. This acid solution is added
to the oil and thoroughly incorporated by agitation. I then neutralize by the
gradual addition of sodium peroxide with continual stirring for 1 hour. I then
add methylated spirit 64 over proof in volume from to 1 per cent. of the volume
of oil.
With occasional stirring this process should be completed in 24 hours. The oil
must then be washed after decanting or filtering.
I also find that some cotton seed oil may be treated without acid. In such cases
1 first add to the oil, the phosphate of soda in saturated solution, then add the
sodium peroxide slowly.
In treating the linseed, cotton seed or other oils or fats, I sometimes dissolve the
sodium peroxide or part thereof in a mixture of alcohol or methylated spirit and
water before adding it to the oil.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what mannor the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The herein described process for purification of oils or fats by treatment with
sodium peroxide.
sodium peroxide.
Dated this 15th day of October 1894.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.