Improvements in Gas and Vapour Engines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 17th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 23rd Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Vapour Engines.
I, EDWARD WARD COOPER, Machinist, of Red Lane, near Coventry in the
County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in gas and vapour engines, and specially
to the ignition apparatus connected therewith, as hereafter described.
The ordinary form of tube-igniter consists of a vertical tube kept red-hot at, or
near, its base. It is necessary however, above the heated part, to have the tube
some considerable length, and of a sufficiently large internal diameter to provide
for incombustible gas or gases and to allow the combustible charge to reach the
aforementioned heated part and thus become ignited.
"
In practice this arrangement is found to be defective.
According to my invention, instead of a tube I employ a "nozzle of any
suitable material and shape, having a passage running from its base upwards, or to
the part to be heated, the said passage then returning back again, or being
conducted away from the deleterious action of the gas jet, and terminating in, or
forming, a suitable chamber of sufficient capacity to hold the incombustible gas or
gases before referred to. Such chamber may form part of the "nozzle," or may
be made separately and attached thereto by any suitable means.
The chamber may be provided with an outlet, adjustable or otherwise.
The "nozzle" may be formed of one piece, or may be built up of two or more
parts in order to allow of the renewal of the more vulnerable portions. The part
most exposed may also be coated with an enamel or other suitable substance, to
still further resist the corrosive effects of the gas jet.
Igniters constructed according to my invention ensure the reduction to a
minimum of the part affected by the gas jet and at the same time facilitate the
disposal of the "dead or incombustible gas or gases.
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Greater duration of the life of the igniter, and more certain ignition, which in
other words are, economy and efficiency, are thus secured.
Dated thin 17th day of March 1801
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and Vapour Engines.
I, EDWARD WARD Cooper, Machinist of Red Lane, near Coventry in the
County of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in the ignition apparatus of gas and vapour
engines, as hereafter described.
The ordinary form of tube igniter consists of a vertical tube kept red hot at or
near, its base. It is necessary however, above this heated part, to have the tube
some considerable length, and of a sufficiently large internal diameter to provide
for incombustible gas or gases and to allow the combustible charge to reach the
aforementioned heated part and thus become ignited.

page_text: In practice this arrangement is found to be defective chiefly owing to the heated,
and consequently weak, base.
According to my invention, instead of a tube I employ a "nozzle" of any
suitable material and shape, having a passage running from its base upwards or to
the part to be heated, the said passage then returning back again, or being
conducted away from the deleterious action of the gas jet, and terminating in, or
forming a suitable receiving chamber of sufficient capacity to hold the incom-
bustible gas or gases before referred to.
My invention will be readily understood by the following description having
reference to the accompanying drawings, there being shown at Figures 1 to 6
several examples of convenient forms of my said ignition device.
Figure 1 is a vertical section taken on the line X Y of Figure 2, the latter being
a horizontal section on the line X Y Figure 1, showing an ignition nozzle
constructed according to my said invention; Figure 3 is a side elevation of the
same nozzle removed from the casing or chimney.
A is the nozzle proper, B is the passage running from its base upwards, and C is
the return passage communicating with the passage B at or near the top of same
and extending downwards to the base of the nozzle where there is attached by
suitable means (such as a screw thread) a tube D of suitable material, this being
provided with a cap D¹ as shown or otherwise closed at its end, this tube
constituting the chamber for receiving the incombustible gases as aforesaid.
E Figs. 2 and 3, is a projecting part on or formed with the nozzle A, the passage B
communicating with the passage E¹ Figure 2 in the part E, the latter being
rounded as shown at the end to take into a socket formed for it at the exit of the
gas passage F Fig. 2 from the cylinder. G Fig. 2 is a supporting ring in which
there is a set screw G' for holding the part E in firm contact with the passage F.
H is the ordinary chimney lined with asbestos H', and J is the gas jet pipe
conveying the lighted gas from a Bunsen or other burner as usual, which heats the
middle and upper part of the nozzle A.
The return stroke of the piston drives the gas by the passage F.into the nozzle
by passages E¹ and B, the incombustible portion being the first to be driven out
passes by the passage C and into chamber D, the combustible gas being ignited by
the heated upper part of the nozzle A.
Instead of the projecting part E being formed as shown, it may be constructed
as shown at Figures 4 and 5 by sectional front and side elevations respectively.
Here a part of the base of the nozzle A at the base of the passage B is formed
with a projecting screwed part, on to which an elbow E having a passage E' is
screwed, or the elbow or extension E may be fitted thereto by other suitable
contrivance.
One of the main objects of my invention being to so construct the nozzle that the
"live" gas must pass the ignition point while the "dead" gas is allowed to pass
away and beyond same it naturally follows that the details of construction may be
somewhat varied without departing from my invention, thus for example instead of
the chamber D being below the nozzle it might be above same or the chamber may
form part of the "nozzle," or may be made separately as shown, and attached
thereto by any suitable means.
The chamber may be provided, where desired, with an outlet, adjustable.or
otherwise.
The "nozzle may be formed of one piece or may be built up of two or more
than two parts in order to allow of the renewal of the more vulnerable portions.
The part most exposed may also be coated with an enamel or other suitable
substance to still further resist the corrosive effects of the, gas jet.
At Figure 6, a nozzle A is shown of divided form, the passages BC passing by
separate legs strengthened at their base by a connecting piece or web A¹.
Igniters constructed according to my invention ensure the reduction to a minimum,
of the part affected by the gas jet and at the same time facilitate the disposal of
the "dead or incombustible gas or gases.
"

page_text: Greater duration of the life of the igniter, and more certain ignition, which in
other words are, economy and efficiency are thus secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The gas engine ignition apparatus, when composed of a nozzle, heated at a
part of same, and having passages therein extending in different directions, one
terminating in the receiving aperture, and another in a receiving chamber or tube,
whereby the incombustible or "dead" gas may pass beyond the ignition point and
allow the "live" gas to become ignited, substantially as set forth.
2. The gas engine ignition apparatus consisting of a nozzle A, passages E¹ B, C,
and chamber D, and heated by jet J, whether such nozzle with its various passages
or chambers be composed of one, two, or more parts, all substantially as herein
Bet forth.
3. In gas engine ignition apparatus, the combination with the gas receiving
passage F, and the heating jet or device J, of the nozzle A, passages BC E', and
chamber D, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
4. The general arrangement and combination of parts composing my improved
gas engine ignition apparatus all substantially as and for the purposes herein
described with reference to Figures 1 to 6 of the accompanying drawings.
E. W. COOPER.
By Brewer & Son,
33, Chancery Lane, London, Agents.