Improvements in the Application of Springs to Railway and other Carriages and Vehicles.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 8th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 11th Jan., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Application of Springs to Railway and other
Carriages and Vehicles.
I, ORLANDO UNDERWOOD of 54 High Street Camden Town in the County of
Middlesex Florist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object the arrangement and application of springs to
railway and other carriages and vehicles in order that such springs may be self
adjusting and act automatically to adapt their resistance to the varying load or weight
carried by the vehicle from time to time as required.
For this purpose I arrange two or more springs telescopically advantageously in
cylinders or cases one within another although I do not limit myself thereto as they
may be arranged side by side or in groups so as to come into action in succession.
The body or frame of the carriage or vehicle is supported upon the weakest of the
series of springs so as to carry a comparatively light load but when the load is
increased a second and stronger series of springs come into action to support the
increased load without affecting the weaker spring. If desired several series of springs
may thus he brought into action in succession to support any increased weight
or load
the carriage or vehicle may be required to carry the resistance of the springs being
adapted so as to act automatically to support the minimum or maximum load as it may
vary from time to time.
For heavy vehicles I apply sliding guide bars to prevent draught strain coming,
upon the springs and telescopic cases thereof.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, ORLANDO UNDERWOOD of 54 High Street Camden Town in the County of
Middlesex Florist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My Invention has for its object, the arrangement and application of coiled springs.
to railway and other carriages and vehicles in order that such springs may be self
adjusting and act automatically to adapt their resistance to the varying load or weight
carried by the vehicle from time to time as required.
For this purpose I arrange two or more springs telescopically advantageously in
cylinders or cases one within another although I do not limit myself thereto as they
may be arranged side by side or in groups so as to come into action in succession.
The body or frame of the carriage or vehicle is supported upon the weakest of the
series of springs so as to carry a comparatively light load but when the load is increased
a second and stronger series of springs come into action to support the increased load
without affecting the weaker spring. If desired several series of springs may thus be
brought into action in succession to support any increased weight or load the carriage
or vehicle may be required to carry the resistance of the springs being adapted so as
to act automatically to support the minimum or maximum load as it may vary from
time to time.
For heavy vehicles I apply sliding guide bars working between rollers to prevent
draught strain coming upon the springs and telescopic cases thereof.
By the application of my improved springs combined with sliding guide bars
working between rollers the rolling of the carriage or vehicle is prevented.
And in order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
practice I will now describe the drawings hereto annexed Figure 1 of which shows a
side elevation and Figure 2 a vertical section of my improved springs arranged and
combined so as to act in accordance with my invention when applied to railway or
other carriages or vehicles.
The position of the springs when applied to a vehicle may be as shown or they may
be reversed end for end and in the application of such springs to a cart or other light
vehicle one only-may be used the flange of the larger cylinder or case being bolted to
the underside of the cart with the other end resting upon an arched bar the ends of
which rest upon the axle near to each wheel.
The weakest of the two springs a and b supports the load until the elastic ring
under the projecting flange c¹ on the case c is pressed down on to the top of the case or
cylinder d the bottom of which then acts to compress the stronger spring b in the case
or cylinder e to support the heavier load.

page_text: Any suitable number of such combined springs may be used when applied to
railway carriages tram cars or other heavy vehicles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The improved arrangement and application of coiled springs to railway and
other carriages and vehicles by which they act automatically to adapt their resistance
to the varying load or weight carried by the carriage or vehicle substantially in the
mannor hereinbefore described and represented in the drawings annexed.
Second. The improved arrangement and application of guides to the carriage or
vehicle working between rollers in combination with my improved springs substantially
as herein described
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.