Improvements in Cases used for Holding, Treating, and Preserving Foods and other Materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 18th Feb., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cases used for Holding, Treating, and Preserving
Foods and other Materials.
We, ALBERT BAKER, of 80 Calhoun Street, Fort Wayne, State of Indiana,
United States of America, Inventor, and FRANK DELBERT BITTINGER, of
Dayton, Montgomery County, State of Ohio, United States of America, Doctor
of Medicine, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in cases used for holding, treating and
preserving foods and other materials, and the objects of our improvement are:
1st. To provide improved hermetically sealing devices, 2nd. Means by which the
appropriate agencies and materials may be used to regulate and control the con-
ditions, and to improve and preserve foods, liquids, or other substances which may
be placed in the case or package. We include in the term case, jars and all other
forms and kinds of packages for such purposes.
We attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying
drawings in which:
Fig. 1, is a vertical section of our complete device.
Fig. 2, is a perspective view showing a driving cog wheel, partially broken away,
in engagement with the cogs on cover E of case R.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of device showing attachment of cog wheels for
operating.
Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts.
The hermetical sealing devices consist of the following constructions. The
opening of the case or its neck is provided with the projections A, B, C and lateral
flange c substantially in the form shown in Fig. 1. Where the covers D and E
are secured in place by screwing them on, as shown in cover D in the drawing,
these projections are made circular in cross section but if otherwise secured, any
other suitable form may be used. The projection A is constructed with an interior
recess a upon its upper inner surface, so as to provide a shoulder for the support of
one or more flanges of the interior vessels F and the disk or plate G; and also of
such depth as to provide a space or chamber d between the plate and the cover,
with suitable packing material O between the flanges, plate and cover, as shown by
the heavy lines. The projection A is also constructed with a lateral flange a¹
upon its lower end which extends out therefrom to the side of the case, forming
a seat K, for the rim of the cover D, which in combination with the projection A
and said rim forms the chamber H. This flange a' is preferably connected to
the projection B. By this construction the plate G forms an additional cover,
and the chambers d and H form spaces to be filled with substances to aid in
hermetically sealing. The cover D, constructed preferably in the form shown,
is provided with a deep flange d' adapted to closely envelop that part of the
projection opposite the interior recess a. Its rim rests on the flange a¹, with
intervening packing and is adapted to press thereon, when the cover is secured
in place, so as to make an hermetically tight joint and its flange d' forms also
part of the chamber H. The packing material v extends preferably up between
the flange d', and the projection B, as shown.
The projection B is so constructed as to receive the flange d' of the cover D,
and closely envelop it with intervening packing materials k¹. Its rim is, when
desired, chamfered inwardly so as to form with the flange d', a groove or recep-
tacle h, to hold wax or other sealing substance to hermetically seal at that place.
The primary purpose or function of this projection B is to aid in hermetically

page_text: sealing, but another function is to add to the security of the cover D and its
flange, and to the security of the projection A, which it does by forming an
additional wall to be broken before the flange d, or the projection A, can be
affected by external force.
The projection C is also combined with a lateral flange c, extending to and con-
nected with the projection B, and this lateral flange c is constructed so as to form
a seat for the rim of the flange e and space for the perforations p. This lateral
flange c may be attached to the neck of the case, instead of to projection B, if
desired. The projection C is adapted to envelop the flange e closely with inter-
vening packing material n'. The rim of this projection is preferably chamfered
inwardly, to form a groove e¹ in combination with the flange e for the purpose of
receiving wax or other sealing substance to hermetically seal at that place. The
function of the projection C is to aid in hermetically scaling and to protect the
flange of the outer cover E. But the projection C may be dispensed with if its
functions as described are not required and the lateral flauge c be used, as described,
independently. The outer cover E is constructed with a deep flange so that when
in place it provides a space or chamber I extending all around its interior surface.
One or more of these chambers d, H and I, may be filled with water, oil, or other
substances to aid in hermetically sealing, and such substances may also be adapted
to preserve the packing with which they come in contact, to destroy bacteria and
spores, and for other purposes.
It is obvious that the projection A may be used with the cover D separately, or
with the projection B, omitting the projection C and lateral flange c and cover E.
If two or more of these projections are used, they are preferably constructed
integral with each other and may be attached to the case by cementing, or in any
suitable manner.
These hermetical sealing devices, providing also for the chambers d, H and I,
are attached to the openings of the case N, and the central case R, as shown.
The central case R is of any suitable form and size, preferably rectangular as
shown in the drawing, and its function is to contain other cases N and vessels F,
and also to contain elements and substances which may be placed therein to effect
the condition of the contents of the enclosed cases and vessels in like manner, as
described in vessel or case N.
Where separate cases N are to be enclosed in the central case R their openings
or necks are provided with hermetical devices, preferably those herein before
described, and are let into openings in the case R, preferably up to the lateral
flange of the projection C. But when the case N is constructed in sections, as
shown in the drawings, it is preferably partially enclosed and preferably up to the
junction of the sections as illustrated in the drawings. When vessels F are to
be enclosed separately in the central case R, the sealing devices heretofore described
are attached to an opening in the case R and the vessels F are placed therein with
the flanges resting on the shoulder of the recess a in same manner as in the case N
hereinafter described. When these vessels F are let in from opposite sides of the
case R, as shown in the drawings, the ends of the outer vessels are preferably con-
nected together without bottoms by a screw band T as shown. The spaces in the
central case R, around these cases and vessels are used as above stated. For
example, ice may be placed therein or chemical substances generating heat or cold
or other action.
Our invention consists also in constructing other controlling devices viz.: a
jacket J of porous or absorbent material enveloping the case N and central case_R,
with means to cause liquids or fluids to flow upon or through the jacket J. For
this purpose a preferable method is shown, and consists in providing the lateral
flange e with perforations p, and supplying the liquid or fluid to the chamber I
through the orifice W in the outer cover E. To permit such flow, and also to
regulate its discharge, a flat ring or other packing n upon which the rim of the
cover E rests, is provided with corresponding perforations, and is adjusted to.corre
spond thereto, or to partially close them. By these devices the case or cases and

page_text: the contents may be kept cool, or warm or otherwise affected in various ways viz. :
by evaporation, by heating the liquid used, by chemical or other action.
When desired to hermetically seal the cover E, the inlet orifice W, is closed and
the packing n is adjusted to close the perforations p, and if required, additional
packing added, and the cover is then suitably secured, thereby making a sealed
chamber I. This chamber I, may also be utilized to aid in hermetically sealing,
and also to prevent the possible entrance of bacteria or spores, by filling it with an
antiseptic oil, or other suitable substance through the orifice W and closing the
orifice. Such substance placed in the chamber I may also be adapted to preserve
the packing with which it comes in contact.
For the purpose of securing a more perfect and uniform diffusion of the liquids
or fluids within and upon the jacket J, we connect pipes or conductors p¹, to the
orifices p or to some of them, and pass them into the jacket J, and provide the
pipes or conductors p', with orifices or outlets 8. The forms of the pipes or
conductors p', may vary from straight lines, and they may also be enlarged at
certain places, when desired, to increase the effects at such place or places.
Another feature of our invention consists in providing two or
more interior
vessels F so as to rest within each other, with compartments or chambers between
them and providing the rims with flanges adapted to rest upon and be supported
by the shoulder of the recess a in the projection A with intervening packing between
said rims. These vessels F are for the purpose of containing foods, liquids and
other substances. One or more of these vessels F may be made of different and
permeable material so as to permit the substances in them to act upon or affect
each other through their walls by osmose or otherwise, and such action may be
mechanical or chemical or both. It is mechanical, for example, where one or more
of these vessels are permeable and the material placed in one, for example, alcohol,
permeates through the walls of the other and dissolves material in the other. It is
chemical, for example, where heat is generated in one so as to affect the contents
of the other chemically. The use of various substances for such purposes is well
known to those skilled in the art.
It is sometimes required that the case N shall be constructed in sections of
different material: for example, the upper section translucent and the other opaque.
This is required when it is desired to coagulate the upper portion of the material
in the case without affecting the lower portion. Light also produces various other
well-known effects, which may thus be utilized upon the upper portion without
affecting the lower portion. It is also utilized for the purpose of observation. Or
the lower one may be infusible or refractory in case it is desired to heat externally.
Where these materials cannot be united so as to make homogeneous or integral
This is done
walls, we attach them hermetically together in any suitable manner.
preferably by a band P in which the respective sections are held in place by screw
threads as shown. The case N for many purposes may obviously be used
independently of the central case R and one or more of the various devices shown
attached thereto in the drawing may also be dispensed with for certain purposes
which will occur to those skilled in the art.
We
Another feature of our device is providing means to rotate, move or revolve the
case N when used independently, and also the central case R, and consists in
providing such cases with journals placed at points opposite each other. This
becomes necessary in many cases in preserving foods, products, and the like, and
also in inducing chemical or other action between different substances contained, as
described. And the case is moved on such journals in any convenient way.
illustrate a preferable construction. The cover E is provided with a central
projection M, adapted to serve as a journal, and another journal M is centrally
located or attached to the other end of the case and opposite thereto. The cover E
is provided with cogs m integral or attached, preferably encircling the upper portion
of the flange of the cover to afford means to agitate the package. But we do not
confine ourselves to any particular means to move or agitate the case on its journals,

page_text: as many methods well known may be used in combination with the journals M for
such purposes.
The central case R with its combinations as described furnish means whereby
appropriate agencies and materials may be used for the objects first named. But
it is evident that the use of such means will vary with the various articles to be
operated upon, and various changes described. Perhaps no two articles of food,
for example are best preserved in the same way, and an application, of materials or
agencies which will improve butter, would destroy the Havour and consistency of
strawberries. It is therefore impracticable to describe any precise methods of
using these devices. But we have in the description of each of the various features
of our invention described somewhat their several utilities. Other uses will readily
occur to those skilled in the art.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. The combination of a central case provided with one or more openings; with
one or more cases, constructed in sections placed through said openings partially
within said central case and hermetically joined thereto; journals attached to the
central case at opposite ends adapted to support said case in position to be revolved
when placed in bearings; means to rotate or agitate the enclosing case upon said
journals; covers to the openings of the cases and means to hermetically seal them ;
interior vessels or chambers F provided with rims adapted to rest upon and be
supported by the shoulder of the interior recess a of the projection A; a plate
adapted to fit in said recess and be supported by said shoulder; the lateral flange c
provided with perforations; a packing covering the upper surface of said lateral
Hange c, and provided with channels corresponding to the perforations through said
flange c; connecting them with the chamber I; an outer cover provided with
a flange, adapted to form with the inner cover a space or chamber extending around
its inner surface; pipes p, provided with small orifices, connected to said
perforations in said lateral flange and extending into the jacket J: a jacket of
porous or absorbent material enveloping the case or cases externally; suitable
packing material placed between the parts requiring sealing; and means to secure
the covers.
2. The combination of a case provided with a neck or opening with a projection
attached thereto constructed with an interior recess upon its upper inner surface of
sufficient depth to receive the rims of interior vessels and a plate so as to form a
chamber between said plate and a cover placed on the projection, and also
constructed with an exterior recess upon its lower exterior surface, and also with a
lateral flange extending out from its lower end adapted to form a seat for the rim
of a cover; interior vessels or chambers F provided with rims or flanges adapted
to rest upon and be supported by said shoulder within the interior recess of said
projection; a plate adapted to fit in said recess and be supported by said shoulder;
a cover provided with a flange adapted to closely envelop that part of the projection
opposite the said interior recess and to form with the said lower part of said
projection and its lateral flange a closed space or chamber and means to secure the
cover; a second projection adapted to receive the flange of said cover and closely
envelop the same; a lateral flange attached to the neck of the case or to said
second projection and extending therefrom so as to form a seat for the rim of an
outer cover and a space between said rim and its said attachment for perforations
through said lateral flange; a packing covering the upper surface of said lateral
flange provided with perforations or channels corresponding to the perforations
through said flange; an outer projection attached to said lateral flange adapted to
closely envelop the flange of an outer cover; an outer cover provided with a flange,
adapted to form with the inner cover a space or chamber extending around its
interior surface; a jacket of porous or absorbent material enveloping the case or

page_text: cases externally; suitable packing material placed between the parts requiring
sealing and means to secure the covers.
3. The combination of a case provided with an opening, with a projection
attached thereto constructed with an interior recess upon its upper inner surface of
sufficient depth to receive the rims or flanges of interior vessels and a plate so as
to form a chamber between said plate and a cover placed on the projection, and also
constructed with an interior recess upon its lower exterior surface, and also with a
lateral flange extending out from its lower part adapted to form a seat for the rim
of a cover; interior vessels or chambers F provided with rims or flanges adapted to
rest upon and be supported by said shoulder within the interior recess of said
projection; a plate adapted to fit in said recess and be supported by said shoulder ;
a cover provided with a flange adapted to closely envelop that part of the projection
opposite the said interior recess and to form with the said lower part of said
projection and its lateral flange a closed space or chamber; suitable packing
material placed between the parts requiring sealing; and means to secure the
covers.
4. The combination of a case provided with an opening, with a projection attached
thereto constructed with an interior recess upon its upper inner surface of sufficient
depth to receive the rims or flanges of interior vessels and a plate, so as to form a
chamber between said plate and a cover placed on the projection, and also
constructed with an exterior recess upon its lower exterior surface, and also with a
lateral flange extending out from its lower part adapted to form a seat for the rim
of a cover; a plate adapted to fit in said recess and be supported by said shoulder;
a cover provided with a flange adapted to closely envelop that part of the
projection opposite the said interior recess and to form with the said lower part of
said projection and its arm a closed space or chamber; suitable packing material
placed between the parts requiring sealing; and means to secure the covers.
5. The combination of a case provided with an opening, with a projection
attached thereto constructed with a recess upon its lower exterior surface; a
lateral flange extending out from its lower part and adapted to form a seat for the
rim of a cover; a cover provided with a flange adapted to closely envelop the
upper part of the projection and to form with the said lower part of said projection
and its lateral flange a closed space or chamber and means to secure the cover ;
and suitable packing material placed between the parts requiring sealing.
6. The combination of a case provided with an opening, with a projection
attached thereto constructed with a recess upon its lower exterior surface; a
lateral flange extending out from its lower end and adapted to form a seat for the
rim of a cover; a cover provided with a flange adapted to closely envelop the
upper part of the projection and to form with the said lower part of said projection
and its lateral flange a closed space or chamber and means to secure the cover; a
second projection adapted to receive the flange of said cover and closely envelop
the same; and suitable packing material placed between the parts requiring
sealing.
7. The combination of a case having a cover with a lateral flange attached to
the neck of the case or to a projection and extending therefrom so as to form a
seat for the rim of a second or outer cover and a space between said rim and its
said attachment; a second or outer projection attached to said lateral flange
adapted to closely envelop the flange of an outer cover; an outer cover provided
with a flange adapted to form with the inner cover a space or chamber extending
around its interior surface; perforations through said lateral flange and a jacket of
porous or absorbent material enveloping the case.
8. The combination of a case having a cover with a lateral flange attached to
the neck of the case or to a projection and extending therefrom so as to form a seat
for the rim of a second or outer cover and a space between said rim and its said
attachment; an outer cover provided with a flange adapted to form with the inner
cover a space or chamber extending around its interior surface; perforations

page_text: through said lateral flange and a covering of porous or absorbent material
enveloping the case.
9. The combination of a central case with one or more cases placed partially
therein through openings in said central case and hermetically joined thereto; with
means to hermetically seal the openings of the inserted cases.
10. The combination of a case provided with a cover and means to hermetically
seal the cover, with a projection attached to the opening of the case constructed
with a recess and shoulder on its upper interior surface, and one or more interior
vessels provided with rims adapted to rest upon and be supported by said shoulder
within the interior recess of said projection.
11. In a central case adapted to receive and contain other cases and vessels; the
combination of journals adapted to support the central case in position to be
revolved; the hermetical sealing devices herein described; the case N constructed
in sections as described; two or more interior vessels F adapted to rest within each
other with spaces between them and provided with flanges adapted to rest upon and
be supported by the shoulder of the recess a; the jacket J and means to cause
liquids or fluids to flow upon and through said jacket.
Dated this Fourth day of October 1892
J. E. EVANS-JACKSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicants.