IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKE Ex- TRACTORS AND VENTILATORS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Searle, of Cheltenham, in the County of
Gloucester, Gontleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKE Ex-
TRACTORS AND VENTILATORS."
Sealed the 5th February 1878, and dated the 1st December 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Searle at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December 1877.
RICHARD SEARLE, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, Gentleman,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKE EXTRACTORS AND VENTILATORS."
This Invention relates to improved means of extracting smoke from chimneys,
and of ventilating all kinds of public, private, and manufacturing buildings and
other places, such as railway and other tunnels and mines, and railway carriages
and other conveyances.
The improved apparatus acts on the principle of the syphon, and as above
referred to it is intended for general use in or for all ventilating and smoke-ex-
tracting purposes.
In each modification of its construction the improved apparatus is made with an
upright smoke tube, which is set or fitted fast into the upper part of the chimney or
shaft, or into the room or place required to be ventilated.
In one modification the upper portion of the smoke tube is provided with an ex-
tension or box of any desired ornamental shape, through which the smoke tube
extends, being in this part of the same or of a smaller diameter than the part below
the box. The box is closed on all sides, but its interior communicates with the
atmosphere by means of short vertical pipes, which enter the box at its top and
bottom, and terminate therein flush therewith. The outer ends of these pipes are
provided with wings or deflectors of any desired ornamental shape designed to
catch any passing current of air whatever its direction, and to direct it either up or
down the pipes into the box, from which it can then only escape by means of a
central tube rising from the box immediately above the smoke tube, which ascends
up thereinto. The central tube is provided with a deflector or cone of the form of
Puina G?1

page_text: two similarly shaped cones united at their bases, and which performs very im-
portant functions in causing the operation of the apparatus. The cone is inade of
the same area as the top opening of the smoke tube, and is suspended within the
central tube (which is of about twice its arca) by suitable connecting arms or
brackets just above the top opening of the smoke tube.
The action of this modification is as follows:-When air enters the box by means
of the said pipes, if escapes by means of the central tube, and in passing the top of
the sinoke tube acts as a syphon, and draws the smoke therefrom, which escapes at
the top opening of the central tube. The conical deflector prevents any downrush
of air within the smoke tube. If the wind passes down the central tube, the action
is precisely similar, save that the smoke then escapes by means of the short vertical
pipes.
In the event of the upper portion of the smoke tube being formed of a smaller
diameter than the part below the box, I so contract the upper part of the central
tube, or fit it with a cap, as that its outlet or top opening shall be of about the same
area as the top opening of the smoke tube.
The rim of the cone is protected with small projecting points, which carry off any
rain which might tend to lodge thereon.
In another modification I place around the upper part of the smoke tube a con-
centric tube of about twice its area, connecting the two by suitable arms, and I
arrange the conical deflector within the outer tube and just above the smoke tube,
as in the preceding modification, also contracting the top of the outer tube, or fitting
it with a cap to reduce its area to about that of the top of the smoke tube, and fitting
the top and bottom openings of the outer tube with wings or deflectors to direct the
passing currents of air either up or down the outer tube, the effect in either case, as
regards purposes of ventilation or smoke extraction, being (as in the preceding
modification) the same, as this upward or downward current of air induces an up-
waid current in the smoke tube, and effectually ventilates the building, room, or
other place, or the carriage or vehicle, and frees the saine from all noxious or un-
pleasant vapors; and in the case of chimneys extracts the smoke and prevents any
inrush of air and smoky chimneys, the result thereof.
The position of the cone does not prevent the sweeping of chimneys by the usual
apparatus, which can be used as previously.
The improved apparatus may be constructed of any required size, or of any
suitable material, depending upon the use to which it is to be applied.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Richard Searle, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th May
1878.
RICHARD SEARLE, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, Gentleman.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKE EXTRACTORS AND VENTILATORS."
This Invention relates to improved incans of extracting smoke from chimnies,
and of ventilating all kinds of public, private, and manufacturing buildings and
other places, such as railway and other tunnels and imines, and railway carriages
and other conveyances.
The improved apparatus acts on the principle of the syphon, and as above stated
it is intended for general use in or for all ventilating and smoke-extracting purposes,
and for the extraction of steam from malt and hop kilns, and other manufacturing
premises.
The said apparatus is represented in four modifications of its constructions in
Figuros 1 to 6 of the accompanying Drawings, of which,-
Figures 1, 2, 5, and 6 represent vertical sections; and Figures 3 and 4, plan
views of Figures 1 and 2 respectively.
In each modification of its construction the improved apparatus is made with a
vertical smoke tube 1, which is set or fitted fast into the upper part of the chimney
or shaft, or into the room or place to be ventilated.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 the upper portion 2 of the
smoke tube 1 is provided with an extension or box 3 (of any desired ornamental
shape), through which the part 2 of the tube 1 ascends, being in this part of the
same or of a smaller diameter than the part below the box. The box is closed on
all sides, but its interior communicates with the atmosphere by means of short
vertical pipes 4, which enter the box 3 at its top and bottom, and terminate therein
flush therewith. The outer ends of the pipes 4 are provided with wings or
deflectors 5 (of any desired ornamental shape), designed to catch any passing current
of air, whatever its direction, and direct it either up or down the pipes into the
box 3, from winch it can then only escape by means of a tube 6 rising from the box
immediately above the smoke tube 1, the part 2 of which ascends thereinto. The
tube 6 is provided with a deflector 7 of the form of two sunilarly shaped cones
united at their bases, and which deflector performs very important functions in
causing the operation of the apparatus. The deflector 7 is made of about the same
area as the top opening of the tube 1, and is suspended just above the same and
within the tube 6 (which is of about twice its area), either by a sliding rod 8
capable of vertical movement in a supporting bracket 9, carried within and by the
upper end 10 of the tube 6, and which arrangement allows of the smoke tube
being thoroughly cleaned by the sweeper's brush, which raises the deflector and
clears it of all soot, or by arms or brackets 11 (see Figure 2), which attach it to the
tube 6; this latter arrangement is more applicable when the apparatus is used for
purposes of ventilation, or upon supports 14 rising from the tube 1, see Figure 6.
The rim of the deflector 7 is provided with small projecting points (or a
continuous projecting rim) 12, which carry off any rain which might tend to lodge
thereon.
In the event of the upper portion 2 of the tube 1 being formed of a smaller
diameter than the part below the box 3, as shown in Figure 1, I so contract the
upper part 10 of the tube 6 (or fit it with a cap 15, as shown in Figures 5 and 6),
as that its outlet or top opening shall be of about the same arca as the top
opening of the tube 1.
The action of this modification is as follows:-When air enters the box 3 by
means of the pipes 4 it escapes by means of the tube 6, and in passing the top of
the smoke tubo, as it must needs do in an aunular current, acts as a syphon, and
draws the smoke, which impinges against the under cone of the deflector 7, and is

page_text: thereby directed into the ascending annular current of air, and which escapes at the
top opening of the tube 6 If the wind passes down the tube 6, the action is similar
save that the air then impinges against the upper cone of the deflector 7, which
prevents any downrush thereof within the smoke tube, and directs it in a down-
ward annular current past the top opening of the smoke tube, and carries the
smoke therefrom, and which then escapes by means of the pipes 4.
In the modification illustrated in Figures 2 and 4 I place around the upper part
of the smoke tube 1 a concentric tube 6 of about twice its area connecting the two
by arms 13, and I arrange the conical deflector 7 within the tube 6, and just above
the tube 1, as described in the preceding modification, also contracting the top 10 of
the tube 6 (or fitting it with a cap) to reduce its area to about that of the top
of the tube 1, and fitting its top and bottom openings with wings or deflectors 5
to direct the passing currents of air either up or down the same, the effect in either
case, as regards purposes of ventilation or smoke extraction, being (as in the pre-
ceding modification) the same, as this upward or downward current of air induces
an upward current in the smoke tube, and effectually ventilates the building, room,
or other place, or the carriage or vehicle, and frees the same from all noxious or un-
pleasant vapors, and in the case of chimneys extracts the smoke and prevents any
inrush of air and smoky chimneys, the result thereof.
Figures 5 and 6 represent other examples of the modification illustrated in
Figures 2 and 4. In Figure 5 the principal differences are that the tube 6 is of the
form of two cones united at their bases about level with the top opening of the
smoke tube 1, and that the deflector 7 is suspended in the manner illustrated in
Figures 1 and 3 In Figure 6 the differences also relate more particularly to the
relative shaping of the various parts than to any difference of the functions or
relative uses thereof. The reference numerals in these Figures (5 and 6) indicate
similarity of parts to those parts illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, which are similarly
marked.
The improved apparatus may be constructed of any required size, or of any
suitable material, depending upon the use and place to or in which it is to be
applied.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical
effect, I would remark in conclusion that I claim as my Invention, the novel and
peculiar construction of apparatus for general use in or for all smoke-oxtracting aud
ventilating purposes, substantially as above described, and as illustrated on the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Searle, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
aight hundred and seventy nicht
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
the within-named Richard
Searle in the presence of
GEO. MUSLOW ABELL,
Solicitor,
Gloucester.
RICHP. SEARLE. (L.S.)