Improvements in connection with the Manufacture of Blocks, Sets and Slabs from Granite, Slate and the like Refuse.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1900-Accepted, 13th Dec., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION..
Improvements in connection with the Manufacture of Blocks, Sets
and Slabs from Granite, Slate and the like Refuse.
I, EVAN REESE, of Mount Pleasant, Machynlleth, in the County of Mont-
gomery, Mining and Quarry Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in connection with the manufacture
of artificial bricks, blocks, sets and slabs, from granite, slate, and other quarry
refuse, for use as paving stones and for channelling and other similar purposes,
the object being to produce a hard surface material which shall afford a good
grip for pedestrians, or animals, and which can be moulded into any desired
form to suit the particular purpose for which it may be required.
In carrying my invention into effect when producing a set for use particularly
in channelling or road covering purposes, I employ as the basis, refuse of granite,
slate or stone quarry, using portions of stone thus obtained of a size suitable for
the dimensions and form of set to be produced, and I incorporate with the
material thus obtained a binding and hardening composition formed by an
admixture of tar, pitch, bitumen, or the like substance with sulphur and alum,
and 1 mould the material together in the mould or box, using pressure in any
well known manner similar to the presses and devices at present employed for
the manufacture of bricks and other artificial stone.
I prefer to raise the temperature of the material so that when the melted
binding and hardening composition is applied a good hold may be obtained on
the full and entire surface of the material introduced into the mixture. The
upper surface of the brick or set I roughen or shape with any desired configura-
tion or device for giving a gripping surface or for displaying a name or other
matter thereon. When making large sets or blocks I may hollow the central
portion of the block by providing cores within the mould box so as to economise
the material as well as to provide openings for enabling the wires, tubes, or
other articles to pass through the blocks when placed in position.
I may coat the outer surface of my brick or block with a dusting composition
of any desired colour or material so as to produce any required external appear-
ance upon the set or block, and I sometimes use saw-dust, cork or other binding
material in addition to the stone refuse when so desired for any particular
requirement.
I employ the same method of binding and hardening portions of stone and
refuse when producing curved channelling or flags, or other larger blocks of
artificial stone as herein before described, when producing smaller sets for road
purposes, varying the nature of the mould and the extent of the pressing, to-
gether with the size of the portion of refuse to be employed therein, to suit the
dimensions and form of article to be produced and the particular purpose for
which such is required.
Dated this 13th day of December 1899.
1

page_text: Improvements in connection with the Manufacture of Blocks, Sets
and Slabs from Granite, Slate and the like Refuse.
I, EVAN REESE, of Mount Pleasant, Machynlleth, in the County of Mont-
gomery, Mining and Quarry Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in connection with the manufacture
of artificial bricks, blocks, sets and slabs, from granite, slate, and other quarry
refuse, for use as paving stones and for channelling and other similar purposes,
the object being to produce a hard surface material which shall afford a good
grip for pedestrians, or animals, and which can be moulded into any desired
form to suit the particular purpose for which it may be required.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings Figure 1 is a sectional
elevation of an ordinary paving brick.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, and
Figure 3 an end elevation of a block formed for carrying cables or pipes
therethrough.
Figure 4 is a plan of a roughened surface paving brick I sometimes construct
and which may also be moulded with any advertisement or other matter thereon.
Figure 5 is an illustration of a curved channel block made from my improved
combination material.
In carrying my invention into effect when producing a set A for use particu-
larly in channelling or road covering purposes, I employ as the basis refuse of
granite, slate or stone quarry, using portions of stone thus obtained of a size
suitable for the dimensions and form of set to be produced, and I incorporate
with the material thus obtained a binding and hardening composition formed
by an admixture of three per cent. of tar, or pitch, five per vent. of bitumen, or
the like substance, with sulphur varying from five to ten per cent. of the weight
of tar and bitumen employed and alum to an amount varying from twenty-five to
seventy-five per cent. of the amount of sulphur; and I mould the material
together in the mould or box, using pressure in any well known manner similar
to the presses and devices at present employed for the manufacture of bricks
and other artificial stone. Before combining the material with the heated tar
I prefer to treat the stone and other refuse by immersion or otherwise in a
solution of alum and I also employ a small quantity of borax to sprinkle over
the material when preparing a block which is required to be of a hard nature.
I prefer to raise the temperature of the material so that when the melted
binding and hardening composition is applied a good hold may be obtained
on the full and entire surface of the material introduced into the mixture. The
upper surface of the brick or set I roughen or shape with any desired configura-
tion or device as shewn in Figure 4 for giving a gripping surface
displaying a name or other matter thereon. When making large sets or blocks
I may hollow the central portion of the block by providing cores within the
mould box so as to economise the material as well as to provide openings for
enabling the wires, tubes or other articles to pass through the blocks when
placed in position as shewn in Figures 2 and 3.
or for
I may coat the outer surface a of my brick or block A with a dusting or
surface composition of any desired colour or material so as to produce any
required external appearance upon the set or block, and I sometimes use saw-

page_text: dust, cork or other binding material in addition to the stone refuse when so
desired for any particular requirement as shewn in Figure 1.
I employ the same method of binding and hardening portions of stone and
refuse when producing curved channelling or flags, as shewn in Figure 5, or
other larger blocks of artificial stone as hereinbefore described, when producing
smaller sets for road purposes, varying the nature of the mould and the extent
of the pressing, together with the size of the portion of refuse to be employed
therein, to suit the dimensions and form of article to be produced and the
particular purpose for which such is required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The improved process of manufacturing paving or like blocks, road sets and
slabs from quarry refuse, by mixing such refuse with tar pitch and bitumin,
and with sulphur and alum; and then subjecting such admixed material to
pressure in moulds of any desired shape substantially as and for the purposes
here before described.
2. In a process for manufacturing paving blocks, slabs and other like articles
from quarry refuse and binding and hardening material as set forth in the
first claim and as hereinbefore described, the use of a coating or outer surface
material therewith substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated this 13th day of October 1900
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham,
and 25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham,
and 25, Cross Street, Manchester, Agents