IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Garrett Tongue, of the Firm of Tongue
& Birkbeck; Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE
SUBSTANCES." -A communication from abroad by Edouard Vincent
Jules Laurent Gorges, Chemist, of Paris, France.
.
Sealed the 2nd April 1875, and dated the 17th November 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Garrett Tongue
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 17th November 1874.
I, JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue & Birkbeck,
Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE
SUBSTANCES" (a communication to me from abroad by Edouard Vincent
Jules Laurent Gorges, Chemist, Paris, France), to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new process, processes, or means of
preserving animal and vegetable substances in their natural state.

page_text: In order to preserve a whole animal or carcass sulphurous gas is
forced into the white tissues between the skin and the flesh. This is
obtained by means of an india-rubber tube and bellows in communication
with a bottle or chamber containing liquid by sulphate of soda, lime, or
manganese; a liquid containing one per cent. of pure chloric acid or
any other acid which is not injurious to health is then forced into the
carotid artery or porta.
In order to preserve a whole animal or carcass sulphurous gas is
forced into the white tissues between the skin and the flesh. This is
obtained by means of an india-rubber tube and bellows in communication
with a bottle or chamber containing liquid by sulphate of soda, lime, or
manganese; a liquid containing one per cent. of pure chloric acid or
any other acid which is not injurious to health is then forced into the
carotid artery or aorta.
The animal having been skinned and the entrails taken out, when the
carcass is cold it is submerged in a bath composed of a solution similar
to that above described.
The sulphurous injection or inflation and the bath are not absolutely
indispensable when the carcass is not required to be preserved any
length of time, and in that case the injection alone into the arteries will
be sufficient to stop or prevent decomposition, and without injuring the
savouryness of the preserved meat. When the carcass is quite cold it is
packed whole into a case, or retailed by quarters or otherwise.
In the interior of the case or packing fat or suet impregnated with
sulphate, or bysulphate as above described, is placed therein in order to
neutralize the oxygen gas and prevent mouldiness. The impregnation
and acidulated bath employed for the preservation of meat will likewise
preserve the fat or suet and be fit for alimentary purposes.
In order to preserve the flesh of fish wash it well in a solution
containing about one per cent. of chloric acid, and it may then be kept
in a solution containing phosphate of soda dissolved, and an addition of
3 per cent. of chloride of sodium.
In order to preserve all kinds of vegetables they must be kept one or
two minutes in boiling water, then left to cool, and afterwards put into
tin boxes, bottles, or casks, which are then filled with water containing
ten per cent. of phosphate of soda, or any other salt of soda, add one
per cent. of carbonate of soda and salt. This preparation can be used
for the preservation of fresh truffles.
Mushrooms are preserved by being kept for one or two hours in a
solution containing 5 or 6 per cent. of any kind of sulphate or by-
sulphate of soda or lime, then submerged into boiling water during

page_text: one or two minutes, and after cooling in the first solution they are put
into bottles or tin boxes and filled with a solution similar to the pre-
servation of vegetables as above described; or one or two per cent. of any
kind of bysulphate may be used.
All kinds of fruits may be preserved in their natural state by being
kept in a solution saturated with any kind of salt of soda, tartrate,
chlorate, phosphate, and with an addition of sugar.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Garrett Tongue in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th May 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent Agents.
and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
5
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her. heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said John Garrett Tongue, Her.
special license, that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Garrett Tongue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all.
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE
SUBSTANCES" (a communication to me from abroad by Edouard Vincent
Jules Laurent Gorges, Chemist, Paris, France), upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to a new process or processes or means of
preserving animal and vegetable substances in their natural state.
In order to preserve a whole animal or carcass in accordance with
this Invention sulphurous gas is forced into the white tissues between
the skin and the flesh. This is effected by means of an india-rubber
tube and bellows or other contrivance in communication with a bottle
or chamber containing liquid bisulphate of soda, lime, or manganese;
a liquid containing one per cent. of pure chloric acid or any other acid
which is not injurious to health is then forced into the carotid artery or
aorta.
The animal having been skinned and the entrails taken out when the
carcass is cold it is submerged for three or four hours in a bath composed
of a solution similar to that above described.
The sulphurous injection or inflation and the bath are not absolutely
indispensable when the carcass is not required to be preserved any
length of time, and in that case the injection alone into the arteries will
be sufficient to stop or prevent decomposition, and without injuring the
savouryness of the preserved meat.
The acid used in the injection may be increased to five per cent. without
fear of injuring the savouryness of the meat. A quantity of acetate of
lime, soda, or alumina may be added to the solution. When 'the carcass
is quite cold it is packed whole into a case, or retailed by quarters or
otherwise.
In the interior of the case or packing fat or suet impregnated with a
sulphate or bysulphato as above described is placed therein in order to
neutralize the oxygen gas and prevent mouldiness; acetate is added to
the sulphate.

page_text: are then filled with water containing ten per cent. of phosphate of soda
or any other salt of soda. When the vegetables do not require to be
bleached add to the boiling water one per cent. of sub-carbonate of soda
and salt, and a chlorate of soda. The above preparation can be used for
the preservation of fresh truffles.
Mushrooms are preserved in accordance with this Invention by being
kept for one or two hours in a solution containing five or six per cent. of
any kind of sulphate or bisulphate of soda or lime, then submerged in
boiling water during one or two minutes, and after cooling in the first
solution the vegetables are put into bottles or tin boxes and filled with a 1
solution similar to that employed for the preservation of vegetables as
above described; or instead, one per cent. of tartaric, pure chloric, or
citric acid, and one or two per cent. of any kind of bisulphate.
When mushrooms require to be preserved in their natural state_
according to these improvements without being bleached in hot water,
then add a solution of two per cent. of acetate of alumina, and one per
cent. of sulphate of alumina.
Vegetables in general may be treated with a small proportion of
tataric acid, chlorate of soda, and common salt, instead of sub-carbonate
of soda.
All kinds of fruits may be preserved in accordance with these im-
provements in their natural state by being kept in a solution saturated
with any kind of salts of soda, tartrate, chlorate, or phosphate, and with
an addition of sugar.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same may be carried into practice, what I claim
on behalf of the said Edouard Vincent Jules Laurent Gorges is,-
First. The process of injecting or forcing into the arteries of a whole
animal or carcass acid alone or combined with different salts of soda or
alumina, substantially in the manner herein-before described.
Secondly. I claim the process of preserving the flesh of fish in its
natural state by the use of acetate of soda and alumina, and of all kinds
of suitable salts alone or mixed with glycerine, substantially in the
manner herein-before described.

page_text: Thirdly. I claim the application of salts of soda, especially phosphates
and chlorates of soda, and sulphate and acetate of alumina for the
preservation of vegetables and fruits in their natural state, substantially
in the manner herein-before described.
Lastly. I claim the improved means and chemical processes combined
for preserving animal and vegetable substances, substantially as and for
the purposes herein-before fully described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garrett Tongue, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE. (L.S.)