An Improved Cash Registering Till and Adding Machine.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 1st Nov., 1893- Accepted, 1st Mar.. 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Cash Registering Till and Adding Machine.
We, TIMOTHY SHEPHERD 34 Sheen Park Richmond in the County of Surrey
Machinist and JOHN BULLOCK CUMMING of St. Mary's Chambers, St. Mary
Axe, in the City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Above an ordinary, cash drawer we fix a box containing six discs or wheels
mounted on three spindles in seperate bearings we place two discs on each spindle,
which are for the recording of pounds shillings & pence respectively. The object
of the upper discs is to register the amount of each purchase whilst the lower discs
are to add up the total amount registered.
To accomplish these ends we place on the periphery of the first two discs, figures
from 0 to 24 or more at equal distances apart for recording pounds. On the
second pair of discs we put figures 0 to 19 on the periphery, whilst on the third
pair we put figures from 0 to 11 or 112, all at equal distances apart to record the
pence.
-
The whole of these discs we arrange in consecutive order near the side of the
box-in which we place a glass panel which is obscured, excepting in three
places-riz.-opposite the centre of the three pairs of discs; in these places; the
glass we leave clear, to allow only one of the amounts on each disc to be seen at
one time.
:
Behind this partially obscured panel, we place a sliding piece of metal or glass,
so obscured, that in its normal position, the upper discs only can be read: but
when pushed back it allows the lower, discs to be read, and at the same time
obscures the upper discs. In this position the total amount registered can be
seen alone.
Having given the forgoing general description of this invention, the following
details, will be more readily understood.
The upper discs on each spindle we will call the registering wheels for pounds,
shillings or pence as the case may be whilst the lower discs we will call the
"adding wheels."
We make a square hole in the centre of the registering wheels, and in them we
fix firmly an upright spindle. On the upper face of these registering wheels, we
fix ratchet wheels, having teeth of the same number, as there are various
denominations of money on the periphery of the wheel to which they are fixed.
To the lower face of the registering wheels, we fix a paul and spring. On the
upper face of the adding wheels, we put ratchets, likewise of the same
description.
The paul on each registering wheel, just described engages with the ratchet on
the adding wheel on the same spindle, which is round at this point, so that on
motion being given to the spindle, the paul attached to the fixed or registering
wheel, drives forward the unfixed or adding wheel, but in the return motion, the
adding wheel is left stationary, by the paul of the registering wheel slipping over
its ratchet teeth.
On the lower face of the pence adding wheel we place an arm, which we leave
projecting over its circumference. On one side of this arm we fix a stop pin,
beyond which the arm cannot move, whilst on the other side we place a spring
which presses the arm continually against the stop pin-thus allowing the arm to
move in one direction only.

page_text: We then place the spindle with the pence registering and adding wheels, into its.
proper bearings in the box already described.
The ratchet on the upper face of the registering wheel, is then engaged by a
paul, having its hearing on the box mentioned.
We then fix to the spindle, or to the registering wheel a common clock spring,
having its outer end attached to the box, the pressure of this spring forces the
registering wheel always in one direction, whilst the paul last mentioned, holds it
back against.that pressure.
The upper end of the spindle we leave projecting out of the box lid. To this we
attach an index pointer, or where preferable for rapid work, a revolving dial: In
the former case we make a dial upon the lid, immediately under the pointer, very
similar to a clock face, but having various denominations of money, around its
circumference, corresponding to those on the periphery of the wheels it is
connected with. Where it is necessary to use the revolving dial-a seperate lever
is used, or in lieu thereof a spring pusb, for every denomination of money around
its circumference. These we arrange so that on the lever or push being pressed,
it shall project below the surface of the dial-whereas, in their normal position all
the pushes or levers are level with the surface of, the dial.
At a suitable point on the lid, we fix a stop pin-the object of which is to
prevent further motion of the rovolving dial after the depressed lever or push is
reached. To the outer edge of the dial we also fix a projecting stop pin to come
into contact with that on the lid thereby making a common starting point to which
either the dial or pointer, always returns'; by the pressure of the clock spring
already mentioned.
The wheels & fittings to record the shillings and pounds are constructed exactly
similar to those of the pence, just described, the denominations of money on both
wheels and dials of course varying accordingly. But to both of these pairs we
make an addition on the bottom disc or adding shilling wheel we put a 20 toothed
wheel or fix 20 pins in lieu thereof-these teeth project beyond the circumference
of the adding wheel & gears with the projecting arm on the pence wheel-the
shilling adding wheel is geared by a projecting arm, similar to that on the pence
adding wheel to the pound adding wheel on which we place another wheel having
24 or more teeth, as required-when large amounts are desired to be recorded i
second pound wheel is added which is similarily geared to the first.
Inside the box we then place a long lever which rests on three of the pauls,
which hold the registering wheels. On this being depressed by a push outside the
box, it instantly releases them, and lifts a hammer that strikes a bell, which we
place in the box.
On one side of the box we screw three hanging levers, one for pounds, shillings
& pence respectively-these levers we allow to hang down through the bottom of
the box, into the till drawer beneath, which prevents it" being drawn out excepting
when they are raised by coming into contact with a pin on each pair of wheels as
they return to their starting point.
The mode of operation is as follows-
To register the cash taken, the pointers or revolving dials are turned around, to
the required distance, as specified by the figures around the circumference of the
.dial..
A corresponding amount will then show through the glass panel of the box, on
the registering wheels & adding wheels alike, the paul of the former having driven
by the ratchet the adding wheel also.
The three pauls engaging the ratchets on the registering wheels, then prevents
them flying back by the force of the clock springs, thus the amounts registered are
held in view till the next payment is recorded. When the push outside the box is
pressed, the three pauls are raised by the long lever which rests on them, and the.
registering wheels being thus released, fly back from whence they started-
being forced by the clock spring-but the adding wheels remain stationary the
pauls having slipped over their ratchet teeth in their backward motion.
S

page_text: By the same action, the hammer is made to strike the bell in the box at the
same time.
On the pins of the registering wheels, reaching the point from whence they
started, they catch the hanging levers and raise them out of the drawer, making it
only possible to open the cash drawer, when the registering dials are at 0 their
starting point.
In this method cash is recorded at every transaction, the registering wheels
ever returning to the same point-but the adding wheels, ever being pushed further
forward.
On each revolution, of the pence adding wheel, the projecting arm on its lower
surface catches the nearest one of the twenty cogs on the shilling wheel, and pushes
it forward, thus increasing the record by one shilling, and on every revolution of.
the shilling wheel the projecting arm of the shilling wheel gears with one of the
nearest cogs on the pounds wheel, thereby increasing the record by one pound, the
shilling wheel beginning at 0 again. The springs behind the projecting arms, are
sufficiently weak, so as to prevent the wheels, to which they are fixed, from being
turned back, when left in this position.
The pounds adding wheel is not allowed to go a full revolution, it being
prevented by a stop in the box-when the extreme limit is reached-it must be
turned back by hand. An opening in the box, fastened by a lock; is provided for
that purpose.
The mechanism for adding monies, herin described, may be made without the
cash drawer or the registering wheels with their accompanying fittings-thereby
constituting a simple adding machine for general purposes.
In this case, the spindle carrying the revolving dial aforementioned, is also made
to carry the paul on a projecting arın, for driving the adding wheels by means of
their ratchets this being the only modification necessary for the purpose.
Dated this 28th day of February 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Cash Registering Till and Adding Machine.
We, TIMOTHY SHEPHERD, of 34 Sheen Park, Richmond, in the County of
Surrey, Machinist, and JOHN BULLOCK CUMMING, of St. Mary's Chambers,
St. Mary Axe, in the City of London, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to an improved cash registering till and adding machine.
We attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying
drawing, in which-
Fig. 1, is a back elevation of the till ;
Fig. 2, is a front elevation;
Fig. 3, is an elevation of the spring push and a part of the disc and stop;
Fig. 4, is a plan of the underside of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5, is a plan of the top of the till;
Fig. 6, is a plan of the interior mechanism after the lid is removed;
Fig. 7, is a side view of the releasing apparatus ;
Fig. 8, is a view of the pair of discs for recording pence;
Fig. 9, is a plan of the bottom pence disc;
Fig. 10, is a view of the inside of top pence lise with the pawl which engages
with the ratchet in Fig. 9;
Fig. 11, is a view of the top ratchet of the bottom shilling disc
Fig. 12, is a view of the teeth or underside of the pound disc;
3

page_text: .
Fig. 13, is a view of the teeth or underside of the bottom shilling disc with the
spring click.
Parts of some of the figures are drawn to an enlarged scale and broken off for
convenience. Various spring pushes are omitted on the discs in Fig. 2, in order to
prevent confusion.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
Above an ordinary cash drawer a we fix a box b containing five or six discs or
wheels mounted on three spindles, in separate bearings we place two discs on each
spindle h, and one disc on spindle h' which are for the recording of pounds shillings
and pence respectively. The objects of the upper discs are to indicate the amount
of each purchase whilst the lower discs are to add up the total of the amounts
indicated.
To accomplish these ends we place on-the- periphery of the first disc c figures
from 0 to 24 or more at equal distances apart for recording pounds. On the
second pair of discs d we put figures 0 to 19 on the periphery whilst on the third
pair d' we put figures from 0 to 11 or 11 on the periphery all at equal distances
apart to record the pence.
The whole of these discs we arrange in consecutive order near the side of the
hox as in Fig. 6, or as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, to which we place a
glass panel which is obscured, excepting in three places riz.-opposite the centre
of the three discs as in Fig. 1, in these places, the glass we leave clear, to allow
only one of the amounts on each disc to be seen at one time as in Fig. 1.
Behind this partially obscured panel g, we place a sliding piece of metal or
glass, so obscured, that in its normal position, the upper discs d, and d' only can
be read but when pushed back it allows the lower discs c, d, and d¹ to be read, and
at the same time obscures the upper discs. In this position the total amount
received can be seen alone:
Having given the foregoing general description of this invention, the following
details will be more readily understood. The upper discs on each spindle h we will
call the "indicating wheels" for shillings or pence as the case may be. Whilst
the lower discs we will call the adding wheels.
We make a square hole in the centre of the indicating wheels and in them we
fix firmly the upright spindles. On the upper face of these indicating wheels, we
fix ratchet wheels j, having teeth of the same number, as there are various
denominations of money on the periphery of the wheel to which they are fixed.
To the lower face of the indicating wheels, we fix a pawl k and spring 1. On
the upper face of the adding wheels, we put ratchets j, likewise of the same
déscription.
The pawl on each indicating wheel, just described engages with the ratchet j
on the adding wheel on the same spindle, which is round at this point, so that on
motion being given to the spindle the pawl attached to the fixed or indicating
wheel, drives forward the unfixed or bottom adding wheel but in the return motion,
the adding wheel is left stationary by the pawl of indicating wheel slipping over
its ratchet teeth and also by the stop spring.
On the lower face of the pence adding wheel d' we place or pivot an arm or
spring click e which we leave projecting over its circumference. In a
any convenient
place on the lower face of the pence adding wheel we fix a stop pin 6 beyond
which the spring cannot move, whilst on the other end of the arme we place a
spring 7. which presses the arm e outwards and the spring 7 continually against
the stop pin 6 thus allowing the arm to move in one direction only.
its
We then place the spindle with the pence indicating and adding wheels, into
proper bearings or frame m in the box already described.
:
Each ratchet on the upper face of the indicating wheels, is then engaged by a
pawl or lever o connected together by a spring p, having its bearing on the frame
and attached to the plunger 7.
We then fix to the spindles h, or to the indicating wheels a common clock
spring n having its outer end attached to the frame m, the pressure of this spring

page_text: forces the indicating wheels always in one direction, whilst the pawl or lever last
mentioned, holds it back against that pressure.
The upper end of two of the spindles' we leave projecting out of the box lid.
To this we attach an index pointer, or where preferably for rapid work revolving
dials or indicating wheels. In the former case we make a dial upon the lid
immediately under the pointer, very similar to a clock face, but having various
denominations of money, around its circumference corresponding to those on the
periphery of the wheels it is connected with. Where it is necessary to use the
revolving dial a separate lever is used, or in lieu thereof a push or pin with a
cusbion head t actuated by a spring s, for every denomination of money around its
circumference. These we arrange so that on the lever or push being pressed.
downwards, it shall project below the surface of the dial i so that the dial in turning
strikes the head t against the stop-whereas, in their normal position all the pushes
or levers are level with the surface of the dial by the action of the spring s.
At a suitable point on the lid, we fix a stop u the object of which is to prevent
further motion of the revolving dial after the depressed lever or push is reached
as indicated by arrows in Figs. 3, and 5. To the outer edge of the dial we also fix
a projecting stop pin to come into contact with the stop on the lid thereby
making a common starting point to which either the dial or pointer, always returns;
by the pressure of the plunger q and the clock spring n already mentioned. The
wheels and fittings to record the shillings and pounds are constructed exactly
similar to those of the pence, just described, the denominations of money on both
wheels and dials of course varying accordingly. But to both of these pairs we
make an addition on the bottom disc or adding shilling wheel we put a 20 toothed
wheel or fix 20 pins in lieu thereof, these teeth project beyond the circumference
of the adding wheel and gear with the projecting arm or spring click e on the pence
wheel the shilling adding wheel is geared by a projecting arm, similar to that:on.
the pence adding wheel, to the pound adding wheel on which we place another
wheel having 24 or more teeth as required, when large amounts are desired. to be
recorded stop springs are provided to allow the teeth f to revolve rigidly.
Inside the box we then place a push bar a¹ which rests on two of the pawls o,.
which hold the indicating wheels. On this being depressed by a push or plunger q
outside the box, it instantly releases the pawls o, and by a lever a lifts a bolt
to release the drawer a or it may be made to strike a bell which we place in
the box.
The mode of operation is as follows:
To indicate and register the cash taken, the pointers or revolving dials are
turned round to the required distance, as specified by the figures around the
circumference of the dial. A corresponding amount will then show through the
glass panel of the box, on the indicating wheels and adding wheels alike, the pawl
of the former having driven by the ratchet the adding wheels also.
The two pawls engaging the ratchets on the indicating wheels, then prevents
them flying back by the force of the clock springs, thus the amounts indicated are
held in view till the next payment is recorded. When the push outside the box is
pressed, the two pawls are raised by the push bar a¹ which rests on them, and the
indicating wheels being thus released, fly back from whence they started-being
forced by the clock spring, but the adding wheels remain stationary the pawls
having slipped over their ratchet teeth in their backward motion.
In this method cash is recorded at every transaction, the indicating wheels ever
returning to the same point-but the adding wheels, ever being pushed further
forward.
On each revolution of the pence adding wheel, the projecting arm on its lower
surface catches the nearest one of the twenty cogs on the shilling wheel, and pushes
it forward, thus increasing the record by one shilling, and on every revolution of
the shilling wheel the projecting arm of the shilling wheel gears with one of the
nearest cogs on the pound wheel, thereby increasing the record by one pound, the
shilling wheel beginning at 0 again. The springs behind the projecting arms, are

page_text: sufficiently weak, so constructed as to prevent the wheels, to which they are fixed,
from being turned back, when left in this position.
The pounds adding wheel is not allowed to go a full revolution, it being
prevented by a stop in the box, when the extreme limit is reached-it must be
turned back by hand. An opening in the box, fastened by a lock; is provided for
that purpose.
The mechanism for adding monies, herein described may be made without the
cash drawer or the indicating wheels with their accompanying fittings, thereby
constituting a simple adding machine for general purposes.
In this case, the spindle carrying the revolving dial afore mentioned, is also
made to carry the pawl on a projecting arm, for driving the adding wheels by
means of their ratchets, this being the only modification necessary for the purpose.
Any figures may be marked on the periphery of one or more discs to indicate
monies used by any nation; or the discs may be increased or decreased for such a
purpose as circumstances require.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1.. An indicating and registering machine constructed and arranged substantially
as described.
2. The method of rotating and arresting the rotation of the indicating and
registering drums by means of spring pushers or movable stops appropriately
numbered placed on the face of a revolving dial attached to the spindle carrying
the drums, and of a fixed stop on the framework.
3. The method of causing the indicating drum to return to zero while the
registering drum, remains stationary, by means of a plunger and pawls substantially
as described.
4. The means of gearing the pounds and the shilling drums with the shilling and
peuce drums respectively by means of teeth and a spring tooth or click e
substantially as described.
Dated this 1st day of November 1893.
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, W., Agent for the Applicants.