Improvements in the Construction of Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Cycles and Road Carriages.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 19th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Pneumatic Tyres for the
Wheels of Cycles and Road Carriages.
We, ARTHUR FARNHILL, of Sunny Bank, Stretford, Commercial Traveller, and
WALTER SWAIN of Belmont Road, Astley Bridge, Bolton, Land Agent, both in
the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres for the wheels of cycles and road
carriages;
The objects of this invention are to prevent puncture when running over stony
or rough ground, and to obtain easy access to air tube for renewal or repairs when
necessary.
We attain these objects by the means hereinafter described, reference being made
to the accompanying sheet of drawings which shows our invention applied.
In this invention we employ a metallic rim as a Figs. I and 2 on the drawing or
a rim of other preferred form, and to which the spokes are fitted, that is constructed
so as to bed the air tube by means of either a natural or an artificial seating as a¹:
We affix to said seating by any preferred means, the central portion longitudinally
of an envelope or cover as 6 in which to enclose an air tube : We construct the
aforesaid envelope of india rubber and canvas or other material in the manner
usually employed for the manufacture of covers or envelopes for like purposes:
We form the free or outer edges c, cl, of said rim so that they may dovetail in
corresponding grooves e, e', that are formed on the inner side of a metallic rim as d
that is of a diameter internally somewhat larger than the external diameter of the
rim a to which the spokes are attached: We form dovetailed grooves d' on the
periphery of the aforesaid outer rim d by which to retain either a solid or a cushion
covering asf Fig. 1. The precise form of the edges c, c¹, of the aforesaid cover b and
grooves or recesses e, e¹, may be varied without departing from the nature of this
invention, and in like manner also the dovetailed projections d' on the periphery of
the outer rim d which may be formed in an inward direction under the base of the
aforesaid rim in lieu of the upper side as herein before described, and the free
edges c, c¹, of the cover or envelope b may be of a hook form to engage with the
turned under edges of the outer rim d. When a form of rim is employed such as
is represented in section in Fig. 2 we construct said rim so that a portion or the
whole of one of the side flanges a² may be removeable in order more readily to
place the envelope or cover b thereon: said removeable portion may be affixed by a
tongue and groove formed on the edges thereof as at a³ and when preferred by bolts
or screws in addition thereto.
In a modification of our invention we form grooves or slits a* around the interior
of the rim a as in Fig. 3, and we insert in said grooves the hook shaped flaps b¹ of
the cover b, said flaps being constructed either as endless bands, or of several
successive hooks, and stiffened by the insertion in the india rubber of metallic plates
or strips.
Dated this 18th day of January 1895.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Pneumatic Tyres for the
Wheels of Cycles and Road Carriages.
We, ARTHUR FARNHILL of Sunny Bank, Stretford, Commercial Traveller,
and WALTER SWAIN, of 177 Belmont Road, Astley Bridge, Bolton, Land Agent,
both in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to pueumatic tyres for the wheels of cycles and road
carriages.
The objects of this invention are to prevent puncture when running over stony
or rough ground and to obtain easy access to the air tube for renewal or repairs
when necessary.
We attain these objects by the means hereinafter described and as illustrated in
the accompanying sheet of drawings: In the several views shown therein, similar
letters refer to similar parts.
In this invention the rim a of the wheel to which the spokes are fitted in the
ordinary manner may be either flat, concave, or of other preferred section, and
formed to bed the air tube by means either of a scating that may constitute a part
of the rim, or an artificial seating as a¹: If a grooved rim is employed, the whole
or part of one or both of the side flanges is adjustable.
:
We affix to said rim either by bolts g, endless inextensible bands as j, cement,
or other equivalent attachment, the central portion longitudinally of an envelope
or cover as b that is divided circumferentially at 9: We form the free edges c
and c' of said envelope or cover to correspond with the recesses formed by the
dovetail projections e and e' on the inner side of a metallic rim as d so that said
edges may be inserted and retained therein the difference between the internal
diameter of the rim d and the external diameter of the rim a is in proportion to
the size of the air tube which is of similar construction to that which is ordinarily
employed for pneumatic tyres, and which is inserted in the cover b. Stiffening
bands of metal, leather or other material and either endless or otherwise as g¹ may
be inserted as in Fig. 2. The tread of the wheel is formed by placing a solid
or a cushion india rubber or other tyre as f on the periphery of the aforesaid
outer rim d to which said tyre is attached by means of the dovetailed edges d'.
When endless inextensible bands are required to be employed for retaining the
envelope or cover that encloses the air tube within a grooved rim whose side flanges
are of greater diameter than said endless inextensible bands and therefore a
preventative against placing said endless inextensible bands within a rim formed
with side flanges, we construct said rim with the whole or any portion of the side
flanges capable of being removed and replaced without affecting the strength or
rigidity of the rim :
Figs. 4, 5, and 7 represent sections of rims in which one of the side flanges a²
is in part removeable :
Fig. 6 is a section of the flange a² represented in Fig. 5 removed from the
rim a.
Fig. 8 is a section of the flange a² represented in Fig. 7, removed from the rim :
Fig. 9, is a side view of part of a rim showing the detachable portion :
Figs. 10 and 11 are representations of sections of tyres constructed with metallic
rims as herein last described to which are affixed by means of endless inextensible
bands j a cover b enclosing an air tube, and with an external metallic rim & and a
cushion or a solid india rubber tread f:
Figs. 12 and 13 represent like metallic rims to which are affixed by means of

page_text: endless inextensible bands j, an envelope or cover b that is longitudinally divided
in the ordinary manner, and encloses an air tube.
The aforesaid endless inextensible bands ; are inserted in the covers 6 during
the process of construction, and may be either flat, round, or of other preferred
form. In applying our invention the removeable flange a² is pressed back into
the rim a so that the dovetailed portion at a³ may be released when said loose
portion of flange may be slipped along the interior of the rim or may be entirely
removed: the cover fis then placed on the rim by passing the inextensible portion
through the opening in the flange, and when the band or bands are placed
circumferentially parrallel with the rim, the aforesaid loose portion of flange is
slipped back into position where it will be retained by the dovetailed groove a³ and
if preferred by a bolt or bolts g¹ in addition thereto."
In a modification of our invention we groove the rim internally and insert in
said grooves the edges of the cover b which are constructed of a hook form to
insert therein :
By the means herein before described, a cover for an air tube in a pneumatic
tyre is retained ou the rim independently of internal pressure from inflation, by the
inextensible bands ; which can only be applied by the removal of a portion of one
or both of the side flanges of the rim.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1st. In a wheel the combination of a flat, concave, or other form of rim, an
envelope or cover for an air tube divided circumferentially and formed with
dovetailed edges to fit into dovetailed recesses in the interior of an outer metallic
rim to which a solid or a cushion tyre is affixed all substantially as herein before
described.
2nd. In a wheel the combination of a grooved rim with the whole or any portion
of one or both of the side flanges separate from the rim and retained in dovetailed
recesses within said rim, an envelope or cover for an air tube with endless
inextensible bands inserted therein for placing within said rim and divided
circumferentially, with dovetailed edges formed to fit into dovetailed recesses in
the interior of an outer metallic rim to which either a solid or a cushion tyre is
affixed, all substantially as herein before described.
3rd. In a wheel the combination of a grooved rim with the whole or any portion
of one or both of the side flanges separate from the rim, and retained therein by
means of dovetailed grooves within said rim, an envelope or cover for an air tube
with endless inextensible bands for placing within the rim, said bands being
moulded or otherwise inserted within the cover which is longitudinally divided in
the ordinary manner, and the bands of less diameter than the outer edges of the
side flanges of the rim, all substantially as herein before described.
4th. In a wheel, a grooved rim with the whole or any portion of one or both of
the side flanges separate from the rim, and retained therein by means of dovetailed
grooves within said rim, in combination with a pneumatic tyre, with inextensible
bands, moulded or otherwise circumferentially inserted therein, substantially as and
for the purpose herein before described.
Dated this 18th dox of October 1905
THOMAS PRESCOTT,
53 Arcade Chambers, St. Mary's Gate, Manchester,
Agent for Applicants.