Improved Apparatus for Facilitating the Starting of Vehicles and the Drawing of the same over Rough or Uneven Ground.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1887.
Specification Accepted, 7th Oct., 1887.
Improved Apparatus for Facilitating the Starting of Vehicles and
the Drawing of the same over Rough or Uneven Ground.
I JONAS ARVID AHLIN Manager of Aktiebolaget Hastskyddare, of Stockholm,
Sweden, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This invention relates to an apparatus, composed of links and spiral springs, chiefly
intended for insertion in a suitable position between the vehicle and the draught
animals with the view of obtaining elasticity for moderating violent pulls and for
modifying the jerks or shocks arising when the draught animals pull the vehicle in
motion, or when the vehicle is drawn over rough and uneven ground.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 represents the apparatus when viewed from
the side and Figure 2 is a longitudinal section thereof.
Figure 3 shows the links the spring having been removed and Figure 4 is a cross
section of the same on the line a b.
Figure 5 is a side view of the apparatus provided with modified forms of the
draught hooks or eyes.
Figures 6 and 7 show another modification of the draught hooks or eyes shown in
Figure 5.
The apparatus is constructed in the following manner. Two links A and B are
passed one into another and open the greater part of their length, so that they may be
drawn out and again pushed together.
As
The links running or engaging with one another are thinner on their inner edge
than on the outer, as shown in Figure 4. Consequently the links guide one another
in their longitudinal direction and thus have always a common longitudinal axis.
the parts of the one link form guides to the parts of the other the apparatus cannot
be bent. The link B terminates at the outer end with a hook and the opposite one A
with an eye. Instead of a hook and a round eye as represented on the drawing I
sometimes use oblong, square, rectangular, or triangular narrow
or wide eyes,
according to the different modes of draught applied to different vehicles. The draught
eyes and hooks may be laid either in planes perpendicularly one against the other, as
shown by the drawing, or they may be placed in the same plane or in planes forming
any convenient angle.

page_text: The eyes or hooks may also be made in separate pieces and united with the links by
means of pins, bolts or rivets or in any other suitable manner.
The hooks or eyes
may also be made to pivot in the longitudinal direction of the links. A similar eye is
represented in Figure 5, and Figures 6 and 7 show hooks or eyes of somewhat
different shape. At the spot, where the eye is fixed, that is at the outer end, the link
is somewhat flattened and the pin, uniting the eye with the link, is passed through
holes in the branches of the open eye and in the end of the link. The pin or the bolt
is then secured by passing its ends in countersinks formed for that purpose or by
being directly screwed into one branch of the eye. The eyes may thus be pivoted on
their fixing bolt or be solidly rivetted. Each link has immediately inside of the said
outer end a thinner part C, so that a conical part is formed at the same place. The
inner ends of the links are closed, so that the links cannot be separated. The links
pushed together are surrounded by one or more spiral springs D, both ends of which
are laid tightly together and thus secured around the conical parts C of the links.
Outside the spiral spring D one or more springs E are coiled in the oposite direction.
The ends of the outer spring or springs E are likewise fixed by being tightly wound,
partly around the cones C and partly around the coils of the spring D. Owing to
the ends of both springs being securely fixed around the cones C of the links, the
springs will, when the links are pulled immediately stretch and in the same proportion
as the links are pulled out. Owing to the inner ends of the links being closed, the
springs cannot however be extended so far, as to be damaged. When the pulling at
the links ceases the apparatus regains its original position.
By applying this apparatus in a suitable manner either in the lower ends of the
traces or, where no traces are used, between the shafts of the vehicle and the harness,
the apparatus will, by its elasticity, balance or moderate the violent shocks, which the
draught animal on many occasions would otherwise have to sustain; for instance,
starting or driving over uneven ground. Where there are no cross bar and traces,
the apparatus also moderates the jerks arising from the animal's own shoulder motions
and thus compensates the disposition of cross bar and traces, and saves the horses
from sore shoulders.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. An apparatus consisting of a spiral spring or of spiral springs arranged one
outside another and coiled in opposite directions, the extension of which springs is
limited by two links engaging one with the other, placed inside the springs and
constituting a support for the ends of the latter, and provided at their outer ends with
hooks or eyes of convenient shape, for instance, round, oblong, rectangular or
triangular, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Second. The employment of eyes or draught hooks made in one piece with the
links or connected with them so that the eye will be either movable or fixed substan-
tially as described.
Third. The employment of links having parallel parts placed in the spiral springs
and engaging one with another and of such shape that the links guide one another in
their longitudinal direction, substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 9th day of August 1887
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: the Drawing of the same over Rougn or uneven Gunu.
I JONAS ARVID AHLIN Manager of Aktiebolaget Hastskyddare, of Stockholm,
Sweden, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to an apparatus, composed of links and spiral springs, chiefly
intended for insertion in a suitable position between the vehicle and the draught
animals with the view of obtaining elasticity for moderating violent pulls and for
modifying the jerks or shocks arising when the draught animals pull the vehicle in
motion, or when the vehicle is drawn over rough and uneven ground.
In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 represents the apparatus when viewed from
the side and Figure 2 is a longitudinal section thereof.
Figure 3 shows the links the spring having been removed and Figure 4 is a cross
section of the same on the line a b.
Figure 5 is a side view of the apparatus provided with modified forms of the
draught hooks or eyes.
Figures 6 and 7 show another modification of the draught hooks or eyes shown in
Figure 5.
The apparatus is constructed in the following manner, Two links A and B are
Price &71

page_text: passed one into another and open the greater part of their length, so that they may be
drawn out and again pushed together.
The links running or engaging with one another are thinner on their inner edge
than on the outer, as shown in Figure 4. Consequently the links guide one another
in their longitudinal direction and thus have always a common longitudinal axis. As
the parts of the one link form guides to the parts of the other the apparatus cannot
be bent. The link B terminates at the outer end with a hook and the opposite one A
with an eye. Instead of a hook and a round eye as represented on the drawing I
sometimes use oblong, square, rectangular, or triangular narrow or wide eyes,
according to the different inodes of draught applied to different vehicles. The draught
eyes and hooks may be laid either in planes perpendicularly one against the other, as
shown by the drawing, or they may be placed in the same plane or in planes forming
any convenient angle.
-The eyes or hooks may also be made in separate pieces and united with the links by
means of pins, bolts or rivets or in any other suitable manner. The hooks or eyes
may also be made to pivot in the longitudinal direction of the links. A similar eye is
represented in Figure 5, and Figures 6 and 7 show hooks or eyes of somewhat
different shape. At the spot, where the eye is fixed, that is at the outer end, the link
is somewhat flattened and the pin, uniting the eye with the link, is passed through
holes in the branches of the open eye and in the end of the link. The pin or the bolt
is then secured by passing its ends in countersinks formed for that purpose or by
being directly screwed into one branch of the eye. The eyes may thus be pivoted on
their fixing bolt or be solidly rivetted. Each link has immediately inside of the said
outer end a thinner part C, so that a conical part is formed at the same place. The
inner ends of the links are closed, so that the links cannot be separated. The links
pushed together are surrounded by one or more spiral springs D, both ends of which
are laid tightly together and thus secured around the conical parts C of the links.
Outside the spiral spring D one or more springs E are coiled in the opposite direction.
The ends of the outer spring or springs E are likewise fixed by being tightly wound,
partly around the cones C and partly around the coils of the spring D. Owing to
the ends of both springs being securely fixed around the cones C of the links, the
springs will, when the links are pulled immediately stretch and in the same proportion
as the links are pulled out. Owing to the inner ends of the links being closed, the
springs cannot however be extended so far, as to be damaged. When the pulling at
the links ceases the apparatus regains its original position.
By applying this apparatus in a suitable manner either in the lower ends of the
traces or, where no traces are used, between the shafts of the vehicle and the harness,
the apparatus will, by its elasticity, balance or moderate the violent shocks, which the
draught animal on many occassions would otherwise have to sustain; for instance,
starting or driving over uneven ground. Where there are no cross bar and traces,
the apparatus also moderates the jerks arising from the animal's own shoulder motions
and thus compensates the disposition of cross bar and traces, and saves the horses
from sore shoulders.
I do not claim as part of this Invention any arrangement described in the Specification
of a l'atent No. 2989 granted to Peter Jensen as of the 8th Feb. 1884 the apparatus
according to this present invention being designed to provide an apparatus which can
be made much more readily and cheaply than can that described in the said prior
Specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. An apparatus consisting of a spiral spring or of spiral springs arranged one
outside another and coiled in opposite directions, the extension of which springs is
limited by two links engaging one with the other, placed inside the springs and
constituting a support for the ends of the latter, and provided at their outer ends with
hooks or eyes of convenient shapo, for instance, round, oblong, rectangular or
triangular, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: Second. The employment of eyes or draught hooks made in one piece with the
links or connected with them so that the eye will be either movable or fixed substan-
tially as described.
Third Second. The employment of links having parallel parts placed in the spiral
springs and engaging one with another and of such shape that the links guide one
another in their longitudinal direction, substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 9th day of August 1887.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.