Improvements in Machines for Stitching Pamphlets, Signatures, and the like.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1887
Specification Accepted, 18th Oct., 1887
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Stitching Pamphlets, Signatures,
and the like.
:
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, (a communication from
Frederick Denison Taylor, Manufacturer, and Joseph Adie White, Mechanical
Engineer), both citizens of the United States of America and residents of Hartford in
the county of Hartford and state of Connecticut, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STITCHING PAMPHLETS, SIGNATURES
AND THE LIKE, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of our invention is to provide a machine by means of which a book,
pamphlet or the like may be automatically stitched and a knot that will not slip
tied in the thread, thus sewing the several leaves securely together.
Our improvement consists in the combination of the several devices whereby the
pamphlet or book is stitched, and a knot that will not slip, in this instance a weaver's
knot, is tied automatically, and it further consists in details of the several parts of the
machine and their combination, as more particularly hereinafter described and pointed
out in the claims.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
:-
Figure 1 is a diagram view showing the relative position of the presser feet and the
end of the thread in the beginning of the operation.
Figure 2 is a diagram view illustrating the position of the thread in a further step
in the operation.
Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are diagram views illustrating further steps in the
operation of tying the knot.
Figure 9 is a detail view in vertical section of the case inclosing the operating parts
and in side view of the several cams, levers, connecting rods and other devices.
Figure 10 is a detail top view of a part of the cam-shaft showing the cams and
connected levers.
Figure 11 is a detail front view in elevation of part of the machine with parts
broken away to show construction.

page_text: Figure 12 is a detail view in vertical transverse section on plane denoted by
line a
of Figure 9.
Figure 13 is a detail view in horizontal section of the casing, and in plan view of
the lever connection of the presser-foot slide.
Figure 14 is a like view in horizontal section of the casing, and in plan view of
the cutter lever and the looper lever.
Figure 15 is a detail view in horizontal section of the casing, and in top view of the
carrier-slide lever and parts of the device for retracting the looper.
Figure 16 is a diagram plan view showing the development of the several cams.
Figure 17 is a front view of the cam that operates the take-up device.
Figure 18 is a front view of the cam that operates the needle bar.
Figure 19 is a front view of the cam that operates the under thread-carrier.
Figure 20. is a detail view in horizontal section of part of the machine on plane
denoted by line
y of Figure 11.
y
Figure 21 is a detail view in horizontal section through the needle-bar-yoke on
plane z.
z of Figure 11.
Figure 22 is a detail view in horizontal section of part of the machine on
plane¹. --x of Figure 11.
Figure 23 is a detail front view of the protector-slide and spring.
Figure 24 is a detail front view of the adjustable cam.
Figure 25 is an edge view of the same.
Figure 26 is a detail view of the device used for connecting the casing and cover.
Figure 27 is a detail side view on enlarged scale of the under thread carrier.
Figure 28 is a front end view of the same.
Figure 29 is a detail top view of the same.
Figure 30 is a detail view on enlarged scale of the looper and the cutter, with parts
broken away to show construction.
Figure 31 is a detail view of the thread-cutter.
Figure 31 is a detail view in section of the parts on plane r²
Figure 30.
Figure 32 is a detail rear view of one of the presser-fect.
Figure 33 is a detail side view of the same.
x² of
Figure 34 is a detail bottom view of this presser-foot.
Figure 35 is a rear view of the rotary presser-foot.
Figure 36 is a detail side view of the rotary presser-foot.
Figure 37 is a detail bottom view of the rotary presser-foot.
Figure 38 is a detail side view of the jaws of the upper thread carrier.
Figure 39 is a front view of the latter part with parts broken away to show
construction.
Figure 40 is a top view of the device shown in Figure 38, and the arm bearing a
lug that co-operates with one of the jaws of this thread carrier to open the jaws
is shown in top view in this Figure.
Figure 41 is a detail front view on enlarged scale of one of the loop spreaders.
Figure 42 is a detail view of this spreader looking from the left.
Figure 43 is a detail top view of this loop spreader.
Figure 44 is a detail front view of the loop spreader appurtenant to the right hand
needle.
Figure 45 is a detail side view of the latter looking from the left.
Figure 46 is a detail top view of the latter.
Figure 47 is a detail front view of the loop spreader rod and the connecting
arm between it and the loop spreaders.
Figure 48 is a view of the same part looking from the left.
Figure 49 is a top view of the same part.
Figure 50 is an edge view on enlarged scale of the collar that connects the
thread cutter and its lever.
Figure 51 is a detail bottom view of this latter part.
Figure 52 shews a detail side and front view of the needles used in our machine,

page_text: Figure 54 is a front view of the latter part.
Figure 55 is a detail top view of the same.
Figure 56 is a diagram view showing the relative position of the loop spreaders,
the loop protector and the end of the thread carrier before the loops are spread.
Figure 57 is a detail top view of the front ends of the loop spreaders and of the
end of the thread carrier illustrating the operation of the latter in grasping the
thread.
Figure 58 is a detail diagram view of the take-up lever and its connected cam.
Figure 59 is a detail side view of the point end of an alternate form of under
thread carrier.
Figure 60 is a detail top view of the latter opened and part broken away to
show construction.
Figure 61 is a detail end view of the latter device as opened.
Figure 62 is a detail view. on enlarged scale in cross-section of the slide and of the
adjustable arm on the upper thread carrier slide showing its relation to the upper
thread carrier.
Figure 63 is a detail top view illustrating the operation of the tension device.
Our invention as embodied in the within described machine consists of a number
of mechanisms and parts adapted to tie a weaver's knot in the thread used in
stitching a book or pamphlet; and, in order to get a better understanding of the
operation of these parts, attention is first called to the several steps taken in
stitching, and in tying the knot.
In the drawings figures 1 to 8 illustrate the several positions of the thread and
several of the operating parts in successive steps in stitching and tying the knot;
and in figure 1 the letter g denotes the left hand presser foot and g₁ the right hand
presser foot; H the thread guide and I the looper, the jaws i on the lower end
of which grasp the end of the thread T. In this view the thread is shown as
passing through the guide in front of the foot g of one of the presser rods and
into the grasp of the looper jaws.
In figure 2 the position of the thread is shown after the looper has revolved
about the presser foot g' and thrown one turn of the thread about it; in figure 3
the thread is shown after the upper thread-carrier has pulled out a certain length
of thread and the needles have risen through the table and pierced their way
through the leaves laid upon it (and held there beneath the presser feet) the needles
rising into the central openings of the presser rods. In figure 4 the position of
the thread is shown in the next step in the operation of forming the knot where
the bight of the thread is thrown across the loop that was first formed in the thread.
In figure 5 the position of the parts is shown after the needles have been with-
drawn and have pulled the loops through the openings in the leaves. After this
the loops are spread by devices and means hereinafter described, and the end of
the under thread carrier, passing through the right hand loop, grasps one turn of
the left hand loop and in its return movement pulls the thread into the position
shown in figure 6. By the operation of the take-up device the thread, while one
end of it is held in the grasp of the under thread carrier, is pulled backward through
the guide and the thread thrown into the position shown in figure 7; the knot,
however, being shown as loosely tied ; and in figure 8 a further position of the knot
more tightly closed is illustrated.
In order that the several operations may be performed automatically we make use
of mechanisms and devices as follows:-
The letter K denotes the frame or casing of the machine that is made of any
suitable material, as iron cast into shape, and having bearing adapted to support the
several operating shafts, levers, pivots, and other parts and such casing may enclose
the larger part of the mechanism as shown in the drawings. The letter K³ denotes a
cam shaft borne in suitable bearings in the frame and having on the rear part of the
shaft a cylinder with cam grooves A, B, C, D, E and F arranged in succession from
left to right, as shown in figure 9; and the front end of this shaft bears several cam

page_text: blocks with peripheral and face cams. These several cams on the rear end of the shaft
operate respectively the connected parts of the upper thread carrier mechanism A, the
looper mechanism B, the presser slide mechanism C, the cut-off mechanism D, the
looper lifting mechanism E and the mechanism F that rocks the upper thread carrier
to and from the presser feet.
The forward projecting arms K2 of the casing supports in suitable bearings vertical
moving presser rods G and G¹ arranged at any desired distance apart, and on an
upright arm K is borne a table L with its top sloping downward on both sides from
a vertical plane passing through the axis of the presser rods.
By means of the cam C₁ lever c and connecting rod e¹ the slides c² and c³ are
reciprocated. The slides are each supported by a screw passing through a slot in the
slide into the casing, and each has a bevelled front edge that by contact with the
sloping upper surface of the blocks c and fast to the presser rods causes the latter
to move lengthwise; the sloping surface of these parts being held in contact, normally,
and the rods lifted by means of a spring c held between the upper side of the casing
and a collar on the upper end of each rod, as shown in figure 9.
The forward movement of the slide c² pushes the presser rods down and holds
between their feet and the top of the table the leaves of a book or pamphlet while it
is being stitched by the machine. The thread T extends from a spool through an
eye t' through the tension device t2, another eye t³ and the several eyes t' forming the
arms of the take up device M, through the guide H in front of the presser foot g¹
and around the heel of the looper into the grasp of the jaws i on its lower end.
The movement of the cam B¹ causes the lever b, the lower end of which bears on a
pin a roller in contact with the cam, to swing back and forth and by means of the
link and connecting rod b² causes the segmental gear 63 to oscillate about the pivot,
by means of which it is supported on the projection from the casing, in a plane at
right angles to the axis of the presser rod.
The teeth of this segmental gear are in mesh with teeth 66 formed in the outer
surface of the tubular body 6 of the looper. This tubular body 64 (that forms a sort
of sleeve closely fitted upon the presser rod that is free to move within it) extends
downward through an opening in the casing and has a flange 65 at its upper end
engaging in a groove in the forked end e² of the lever e¹ of the looper lifting
mechanism E. The lever e" is moved in a vertical plane by means of the lever e and
the cam E connecting and engaging as shown in figures 9, 10 and 14.
The teeth in the body part of the looper are long enough to provide for their
engagement with the teeth of the gear 63 at all times during the operation of the
looper.
The shaft K¹ bears on its outer end any suitable device, as a pulley or crank, by
means of which the shaft may be rotated so as to revolve the several cams.
The lever a is supported on a pivot k fast to the casing and its lower end is provided
with a pin on which a roller is held in contact with the cam A' while the upper end
of the lever a is connected by means of links a¹ to the short arm of a bent lever a²
that is pivotally supported within the casing so as to swing in a horizontal plane and
has a slot a³ in its front end that engages a pin on the carrier slide a³ (sec figures 9, 12
and 15).
This slide is supported in a grooved way (see figure 9) and bears the arms a³ and aº,
the latter being adjustably attached to the slide by means of a clamp bolt that passes
through a slot in the slide, and they project forward in a position that causes them to
come in contact with the opposite sides of the upper thread carrier a' as the slide is
reciprocated. The relation of the adjustable arm a to the upper thread carrier a
is shown in figures 9 and 62 of the drawings, and the slot through which the clamping
bolt passes to secure the arm and the slide is of sufficient length to enable one to vary
to a considerable degree the distance that the thread carrier a' may be moved away
from the presser rod by the movement of the slide. The other arm a is rigidly
attached to the outer end of the slide and is intended to return the thread carrier to
the same position in relation to the presser foot g¹ and the looper each time that the
slide is reciprocated, the distance that the carrier a' is moved away from the looper

page_text: only being adjustable. This upper thread carrier is borne on a rod as, and is held
against rotary movement thereon by means of a pin or key that takes into a groove a
in the rod, (see figures 38, 39 and 40), but it is free to move end wise along the rod.
This rod is supported at one end by a link a¹0 from a projection on the side of the
arm K2 and at the other end on the lower arm of the lever f2 that is pivoted to
the casing. A rocking movement is imparted to this lever f² by means of the
connecting rod 1, lever fand the cam F¹ (see figures 9, 10, 12 and 15), and this
rocking motion of the lever moves the rod a and with it the upper thread carrier in
such a manner that it is carried towards and from a vertical plane passing through
the axis of the presser feet, for a purpose that will be hereinafter explained.
The lower part of the tubular body of the looper, that extends through the
opening in the casing is smaller than the part above it so that a shoulder is
formed that limits the downward movement of the body while the upward move-
ment is limited by a collar, clamped upon the body and bearing a downward
extending leg that terminates in a foot forming the lower one of the looper
jaws i (figures 30 and 31).
The upper one of the jaws is formed by the lower end of the cutter rod dⓇ that lies
in a socket along the inner surface of the looper body and bears on its upper end the
Tshaped part that fits into the socket d in the collar d³ (see figures 50 and 51)
that connects the thread carrier rod with its operating lever d' (figure 14) which is
moved by the lever d and cam D¹ (figures 9 and 10).
The lever d' is divided into two parts at the pivot ds which parts are connected by
a pin in the short arm of one taking into a slot in the other, and a spring do fast to
one lever presses downward with its free end upon the top of the other in such manner
as to force the collar and the outer arm downward with a yielding pressure so that
the grasp of the jaws upon the thread used in stitching is a yielding grasp. The
purpose of the divided lever and spring is to enable the looper to be lifted over the
standing part of the thread without releasing the end from the looper jaws.
The forward end of the cam shaft K' bears the cam N¹ of the needle operating
mechanism N; the cam O¹ of the loop spreader mechanism O, and the cam 1³¹ of the
under thread carrier mechanism P.
These latter mechanisms are in part attached to the inner surface of the upright.
arm K³ of the casing, the several rods being supported in sockets in the rod
guides and in the needle bar n which slides in a groove in the casing. The
walls of this groove hold the needle bar against any sidewise movement that
might result from the action of the cam N upon the roller n² that is held in
contact with the cam by a pin projecting from the lower end of the needle bar n.
The needle-rods n³, n are clamped in sockets in the cross-head n' on the upper
end of the needle-bar, and needles n³, nº are secured in the apper ends of the
needle rods and in line with their axes. The lower end of the spreader-rod o rests
upon the periphery of the cam-block that bears the spreader-cam 0¹ and the upper
end (see figures 47, 48 and 49) bears a bent arm o¹ with slots o² and o³ formed
in parts that lie at right angles to each other. Fast to the casing near the upper
end of the spreader-rod o is the plate to which is pivoted the loop spreader R
which consists of a bent lever pivoted to the plate at its angle, with a curved
upper arm ending in a fork 2 and a shorter lever arm bearing a pin that
projects into the slot o² of the spreader-arm. Near the plater there is also secured
to the casing the spreader plates to which is pivoted the loop spreader S which
consists of a bent lever pivoted to the plate near its angle and having the upward
extending curved arms and the lower arms s² that bears a pin projecting into
the slot o³ of the spreader arm. The upper end of the spreader arm has a
broadened fingers with a pointed end and projecting side parts s. The function
of this finger is to spread the parts of the loop while the function of the
projection is to throw the loop out of the eye of the needle n°.
The under thread carrier p is secured to the upper section p¹ of an extensible lever
that is made up of the parts p¹ and p² which lever is pivoted to the casing so that it
oscillates and in so doing moves the thread carrier ´p below the table L'in a plane

page_text: passing through the axis of both of the presser rods. The parts p and p² of this
lever are connected by means of bolts that pass through slots in the lower part p², the
said slots being made in a direction across the length of the lever so that when the
lever is changed in length to adjust the under thread carrier with reference to
the position of the table the thread carrier will bear the same relation to the axis of the
presser-rod G¹ under the several adjustments of length possible. The slots it will be
noticed by an examination of figure 11 are located in lines that are substantially
parellel to the axis of the presser-rod G₁ when this lever is in its normal position and
holds the under thread carrier in readiness to operate.
A roller borne on a pin fast to the lower end of the thread carrier lever is held in
contact with the cam P' in such manner that by the rotation of the cam-shaft the
lever and the under thread carrier are oscillated as described.
This under thread carrier p (see figures 11, 27, 29, 56, 57, 59, 60 and 61) is composed
of two long slender parts pivoted together and forming jaws, the jaw p³ being attached
rigidly to the upper end of the thread carrier lever while the other jaw p¹ is pivoted
to it (see figures 27 and 29) in such manner that the jaws open on opposite sides of
the plane of movement of the thread carrier.
The jaws are held closed by means of a spring p that is secured to the fixed jaw
and thrusts against the side of the movable jaw at a point back of the pivot, and the
latter jaw bears a projecting lug p that at a certain time in the forward movement
of this thread carrier strikes a fixed projection 1 on the casing of the machine (see
figure 9) and thus causes the jaws to open just before they reach the further loop.
The outer end of this thread carrier is pointed to allow it to pass readily between
the strands of one loop u³ and has a hook on one of the jaws to catch one of the
strands of the loop u, (see figures 56 and 57).
To prevent this strand from being pushed to the wrong side of the point of the
thread carrier by any slight divergence of the latter, its end is pointed and hooked-shaped
as shown, but in the modified form shown in figures 59, 60 and 61, a further precaution
is taken by making the hook p' on the end of the movable jaw p¹ with a narrow
socket 2 on one side into which the thin end p³ of the fixed jaw fits. This thin end
is rounded on the side next the opposite jaw so that the point lies on one side of the
central line and plane of motion of the thread carrier. This ensures the entrance of
the strand between the jaws so that it is grasped by the hooked end when the jaws
close.
The several mechanisms are operated by the movement of the main shaft K¹ and
the cams borne on it, and the kind, degree and extent of the motion produced by the
several cams, and the relation of these movements each to the other are clearly shown
in figures 16, 17, 18 and 19; the direction of the movement being indicated by the
arrows overlying or adjacent to the several figures.
A number of leaves having been placed upon the table beneath the presser feet,
which hold them firmly upon the table, and the thread arranged as already described,
with its end in the grasp of the looper jaws i, the rotary movement of the main
shaft K' causes the looper to revolve in such manner that one turn of the thread is
thrown around the presser foot g' in the position as indicated in figure 2. At the
same time the upper thread carrier a is moved laterally toward the looper by
the operation of the rocking mechanism, and is swung inward toward the thread and
grasps it at a point between the looper jaws and the presser foot g¹; the forward
movement of this upper thread-carrier causing the jaw a to open by the contact of
the leg a¹³ on the movable jaw with the cam lug a fixed on the casing, and the tension
of the spring a causes the jaws, after the two lugs have passed each other, to close
the thread. In the meantime the needles n³, n° have been lifted, have
upon and grasp
pierced the leaves and have passed into the central sockets g², g³ in the presser feet.
The end of the thread is released by the opening of the looper jaws i and 1, by the
mechanism already described, and the upper thread carrier makes a return movement
(the looper having been moved in reverse direction enough to carry it out of the way
of the thread carrier) carrying the thread with it and placing it in a lateral socket g' in
the presser foot g' in such position that it is thrown into the eye of the needle ns.

page_text: The looper with its jaws held open continues its revolution in the reverse direction
to that which it first made, and, catching a standing part of the thread at a point
between the presser foot g' and the thread guide H, lifts it and throws it into the
lateral socket g³ in the prosser-foot gland into the open eye or hook of the needle n°
in the position indicated in figure 4.
The downward movement of both of the needles is then begun, and the loops u, u¹
are pulled through the work and the table to a point below the path of the under
thread-carrier; while the loops are being formed the looper I is swung back and rests
in a position between the presser foot and the under thread guide H, the looper being
lifted so as to clear the thread, and the cutter blade being also raised by the opening
of the looper jaws; the looper rests or dwells in this position until the knot has
been tied.
Each presser foot has an outlet slot 8 (see figures 34 to 37) through which the
thread is slipped when the loops u ul are formed, and this places the length of thread
between the presser feet closely upon the work, enabling the turn that was formed
about the right hand presser foot to be slipped clear of it when it is lifted just before
the knot is pulled taut.
As soon as the loop u is formed a loop protector » (figures 11, 23, 53, 54 and 55)
is caused to hold the thread in the eye of the needle u³. This loop protector consists
of a bent arm & fast to the upper end of the protector slide 2 that is secured to the
casing by a screw 3 passing through a slot in said protector slide and holding it
against movement by the frictional grasp of the spring v. A pin projecting from the
side of the needle bar n³ is adapted by contact with the pins on the protector slide
to reciprocate the latter at certain points in the reciprocating movement of the needle
bar n³. The function of this protector is to hold the loop in the grasp of the needle
while the under thread carrier is making its return movement.
By the forward movement of the spreader arm, the spreader R is swung forward
and pushes the left hand strand of the loop u forward and at the same time the spreader S
is swung over so that the point of the finger is thrust between the strands of the loop u¹
spreading them apart and carrying the loop out of the eye of the needle n°; the under
thread carrier then passes through the right hand loop and grasps the right hand
strand of the loop u, and returns with it pulling the thread between the strands of
the loop as indicated in figure 6 of the drawings.
The take-up lever m that is pivoted to the frame or casing (see figures 9, 10 and 58)
is vibrated by means of the cam M, a pin on the lower end of this lever projecting
into the cam grooves, as shown in figure 58. To the upper end of this take-up lever
is secured a projecting arm m² that bears several eyes or hooks m³ that alternate with
the eyes that are fast to the frame and lie between them, as shown in figure 9, in such
manner that in the normal position of the lever m that the thread T may be passed
freely through the several eyes without being bent.
By the rotation of the cam shaft K' the lever m is vibrated and the eyes on the end
of the arm m² of the lever are pulled aside out of line with the eyes t so that a number
of loops are formed in the thread and in thus pulling the thread aside that portion of
the loop u that lies below the pamphlet is drawn up through the opening made by the
needle n by this backward pull upon the standing part of the thread and a weaver's
knot is tightly tied. The tension of the thread is of course sufficient to overcome the
resistance to the movement of the take-up that is offered by this tying of the knot.
The table L is attached to the upright arm K³ of the casing by means of bolts
passing through slots k' in the legs, and the cam bears the handle ³ with milled
head by means of which the cam is rotated and the table set at any desired height
(see figures 9, 10 and 24).
The working parts of this machine are all enclosed within the casing and the front
part K is movably attached to the arın K³ by means of the lug having the down-
turned and open slot that fits upon a bolt or pin with a broadened head fast to the
arm, as shown in figure 26.
As soon as the knot has been securely tied, the jaws i of the looper are closed upon

page_text: the thread, the blade d' cuts off the thread and the looper is revolved to the position
on the left of the presser foot g', the latter being lifted to allow the thread to pass
beneath it. When the knot is tied after the stitching operation the thread passes
through the slot that joins the needle holes in the table, and the work is readily
removed therefrom.
It is obvious that many of the operations in the tying of this weaver's knot may be
performed by mechanisms substantially the same as herein described and we do not
limit ourselves to the precise devices nor their exact combination as herein described
for automatically tying this knot after stitching a book.
The main advantage of the use of this knot is that it will not slip, and it overcomes
a difficulty present in all the prior machines of this class.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a book stitching machine in combination, the upper thread carrier, the table,
the reciprocating needles, the presser rods with feet, the revolving looper borne on
one of the presser rods and turning about its foot, the under thread carrier, and the
thread cutter, all substantially as described.
2. In a book stitching machine in combination, the presser feet with lateral slots
and needle sockets, and the swinging and reciprocating upper thread carrier, all
substantially as described.
3. In combination, the thread guide H, the reciprocating thread carrier a² borne on
the swinging rod as and having jaws opened by the forward movement of the carrier,
all substantially as described.
4. In combination in the thread carrier mechanism, A, of a machine of the within
described class, the several cams, links and levers, for imparting and changing the
direction of the motion of the thread carrier, the thread carrier borne on the swinging
rod a³, the slide a¹ with a fixed arm a³ and an adjustable arm aº, adapted to engage
the thread carrier in the movement of the slide, all substantially as described.
5. In combination in a machine of the within described class, the reciprocating and
swinging upper thread-carrier and its actuating mechanisms A and F, the recipro-
cating presser-rod G₁ with its foot g¹ having the thread socket, the needle socket and
the outlet slot, and the revolving looper L borne on the presser-rod G¹, all substan-
tially as described.
6. In combination in a machine of the within described class, the reciprocating
and swinging upper-thread-carrier and its actuating mechanisms A and F, the recipro-
cating presser-rod G₁, the rotary and reciprocating looper L borne on the said
presser-rod, and the looper actuating mechanisms B and E, all substantially as
described.
7. In combination in a machine of the within described class, the reciprocating and
swinging upper thread-carrier, the reciprocating presser-rod, the revolving and
reciprocating looper, and the thread cutter, all substantially as described.
8. In a book-stitching machine in combination, a work holding table, the recipro-
cating presser-rod G¹ with foot g¹, the sliding tubular looper-body borne on the
presser-rod and having the gear teeth 6 and thread grasping jaw, and the within
described loop revolving mechanism us and for the purpose set forth.
9. In a book-stitching machine in combination with the looper mechanism E,
the looper body bearing the looper jaw, and the sliding thread cutter carrying
the cutter blade of the thread cutting mechanism D, all substantially as described.
10. In combination in a machine of the within described class, a reciprocating
presser-rod bearing a presser-foot, a rotary and reciprocating looper, and a recipro-
cating thread-cutter borne by the looper, all substantially as described.
11. In a machine of the within described class in combination, a work holding table,
a presser-rod G¹ with a presser-foot g¹ having a central needle socket, a lateral thread
socket and an outlet slot, all substantially as described,

page_text: 12. In combination with the lever e¹ of the looper lifting mechanism E, the looper
body with a flange 6 engaging the groove in the forked end e² of the lever e¹, all
substantially as described.
1,0
13. In combination with the lever e¹ having a forked end with a groove, the
looper body with flange engaging in the groove, and the teeth 66, the segmental
gear band connected parts of the looper rotating mechanism B, all substantially
as described.
14. In combination, the reciprocating presser-rod G₁, the tubular looper body 4
free to slide and rotate on the presser-rod, the collar clamped to the looper body
and bearing on the leg the jaw, the sliding cutter rod de borne in the socket in
looper body and having on its lower end one of the jaws and a cutter blade d', and
the several connected looper and cutter mechanisms B, D and E, all substantially as
described.
15. In combination with the upper thread carrier mechanisins A and E, the carrier
slide at with arm a and adjustable arm a, the swinging rod as supporting the sliding
carrier a with the jaw a baving a lug as, the cam lug a fast to the casing and
the spring a of the carrier, all substantially as described.
16. In the cutter operating mechanism D in combination the lever d formed
in two parts each supported on the pivot d the one part bearing a pin taking into a
slot in the other part and a spring & fast to the one lever part and depressing the
other, the cutter rod d with the jaw and cutter blade d' and the looper body b
supporting the complementary jaw i, all substantially as described.
17. In a machine of the within described class in combination, the casing, the
adjustable table L with clamp device, the under thread carrier Pi and the extensible
thread carrier lever p', all substantially as described.
18. In the within described book stitching machine in combination, the vertically
adjustable table L, the under thread carrier p, the extensible carrier lever p' composed
of parts joined by clamping bolts passing through slots in the part p² parallel to the
axis of the presser rod G¹ whereby the relative position of the said axis and the point.
of the thread carrier p is maintained under the several adjustments of the lever plas
to its length, all substantially as described.
19. In a book stitching machine in combination, the reciprocating and swinging
upper thread carrier, the adjustable table, the under thread carrier, the presser foot,
the reciprocating needles, the revolving looper and the thread cutter borne thereon,
and the loop spreaders, all substantially as described.
20. In a book stitching machine in combination, the reciprocating upper thread
carrier a having thread grasping jaws, the presser feet borne in the sliding presser
rods G and G, the vertically adjustable table L, the reciprocating needles n³ and nº,
the under thread carrier p borne on the extensible carrier lever p' and the thread
cutter, all substantially as described.
21. In the within described book stitching machine in combination, the extensible
thread carrier lever composed of the parts pand p², the under-thread-carrier p having
a fixed jaw p³ and a movable jaw p pivoted thereto, the closing spring p', the movable
jaw having a projecting lug p, and a jaw opening lug' fast to the casing of the
machine in the path of the moving thread carrier, all substantially as described.
22. In the within described book stitching machine in combination, the under
thread carrier P borne on the end of the extensible lever, and having a rigid jaw and
a movable jaw opening to one side of the path of the centre of the carrier, the end of
the movable jaw being pointed and hook-shaped and having a lateral socket, and the
thin end of the fixed jaw adapted to enter the said socket and having its point lying
to one side of the said central line, all substantially as described.
23. In combination in the loop spreader mechanism 0 of a book stitching machine,
the cam shaft K¹ bearing the cam O¹, the reciprocating spreader rod o with an arm o
and the loop spreaders R and S engaged and moved by the said spreader rod, all
substantially as described.
24. In combination, the frame or casing K, the loop spreaders R and S attached to
the casing, the reciprocating spreader rod o with the angular arm o' and slots o², o³,

page_text: in which pins borne on the respective spreader levers 73³ and engage, all substantially
as described.
25. In a loop spreader in combination, the reciprocating spreader rod o engaging
the spreader lever, the plater, and the bent spreader lever pivoted to the plate and
having on the end of the curved upper arm the fork, all substantially as
described.
26. In a book stitching machine, in combination a table for supporting the work
operated on, the reciprocating presser feet each with thread and needle sockets and
outlet slots, the reciprocating needles, the looper, the loop spreaders and the thread
carriers, all substantially as described.
27. In a book stitching machine in combination with a work bolding table having
an opening for the passage of a needle and a loop of thread, the reciprocating needle
having an open eye or hook, the vibrating loop-spreader having the broadened
finger with pointed end and projecting side parts whereby a loop u³ is spread and
disengaged from the needle, all substantially as described.
28. In a book stitching machine in combination, the loop forming devices, the loop
spreaders R and S, the open eyed needle and the loop protector v, all substantially as
described.
29. In combination with the reciprocating needle rod n³ bearing the needle »³, the
loop protector slide with the pins, the screw » holding the slide on the casing,
the spring and the pin projecting from the needle bar and co-operating with pins o³,
all substantially as described.
30. In combination with the within described loop forming and stitching devices,
the take-up lever m, with the several thread holding eyes on the arm to, the alternate
thread holding eyes fast to the arm of the casing and the cam M¹ borne on the
shaft Kin sliding contact with the levers, all substantially as described.
31. In combination in a book stitching machine, a work-holding table, a recipro-
cating presser rod bearing a presser foot, and a rotary and reciprocating looper
bearing thread holding jaws, all substantially as described.
1007
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.