Improvements in Means or Apparatus for the Manufacture into Blocks or Moulded Forms of Carbonaceous Matters for Use as Fuel.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 26th Mar., 1892
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for the Manufacture into
Blocks or Moulded Forms of Carbonaceous Matters for Use
as Fuel.
I EDWARD WILLIAM HARDING of 34 Devonshire Road, Greenwich, in the
County of Kent, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of blocks or moulded
forms of matters, previously reduced to small fragments and agglomerated by some
cementitious matter, such as pitch, in order to fit them for use as fuel in the form
commonly included in the phrase of "artificial fuel," and this I effect by means of
apparatus which is designed to effect the better reduction and more intimate
admixture of the matters, which matters will generally be coal or carbonaceous
substances with a cementitious matter or matters, and if desired any neutralizing
salt; and generally to produce a better product with economy in the production.

page_text: scrapers G through the medium of the driving pulley G see Fig. 7 by band
(not shown) from one of the pulleys on the shaft G2 seen best in Figs. 2 and 3.
The mixture receives compression in the trough or mould H by the ram and
cross head I, to which motion is given by the connecting rod J attached to the
crank J', such crank being fixed to the horizontal shaft J2, in which shaft is keyed
or otherwise secured the spur wheel J³, which gears into the pinion K, fixed
to the shaft K', motion being given to such shaft by pulley K.
The material during the process of compression in the trough H is perforated
throughout its bulk by the rod or rods I', attached to and projecting in front of
the ram I, such rod (or it may be rods) being here shown as fitted through the
ram and secured at the rear end of the ram where the cross head is connected up
by bolts and nuts; or this may be arranged otherwise. The blocks after
compression, and as soon as they arrive at the end of the trough or mould H, are
delivered on to a suitable table, revolving belt or otherwise, and may then be
conveyed where required.
Pressure is given to the blocks by the hinged lid or top L² whilst each is passing
through the trough or mould H and this lid L2 is pressed down by means of the
lever L, which is connected to the gudgeon L' of an eccentric L' mounted in
bearing L (one of which is shewn in Fig. 2) thereby holding down the top of the
trough L³, which top is centred at L' on the rod passing through it, to which
lever L pressure is maintained by means of the weights L M is the bed-plate or
bottom part of the machine, to which the superstructure is fitted or adjusted either
by bolts and nuts or other suitable means.
The mass of pitch or other cementitious substance or substances to be reduced is
fed in to the receiver N through the opening N¹ (Fig. 9) and coming into contact
with the forks or projections fitted or attached to the shaft and cone N2, and being
opposed by the prongs or forks N³ attached to the sides of the receiver N, is reduced
to a suitable degree of fineness, and is afterwards screened through the bottom N4,
and is then ready to be mixed and amalgamated with the other materials to be fed
and acted upon as hereinbefore described, action being given to the shaft N2 by the
bevel wheel O actuated by the bevel wheel P attached to the shaft I", which is
propelled by the pulley P. Q are the standards or side frames of the disintegrator
fitted with suitable bearings and secured in any desirable manner.
The previously reduced coal or other suitable carbonaceous matter or matters is
introduced by the hopper a, and thence passes to the same inlet opening B that
serves for the cementitious or amalgamating matter to enter by. The trough or
mould H has removable and adjustable sides and top and bottom so arranged and
fitted as to give a regular and maintained pressure. The matters to be acted upon
are induced into that trough from the aperture in the cooling pan F, the scraper G¹
preventing any stoppage arising in the transit of the substance or substances to be
acted upon by compression in mould H. (Fig. 5) are set screws working in
flanges of the bed plate M, for regulating the distance apart of the sides b² of
the mould H. ³ ³ are screws securing these sides to the bed plate. The pitch or
other substance or substances is first reduced to powder in the upper grinding
chamber N, is then caused to pass by the shute c to the inlet B to mix with the
reduced coal or other carbonaceous or other ingredients, and the admixture is then
conveyed into the chamber A, steam of a high temperature superheated or other-
wise being admitted at the lower or bottom end by the pipe D or through other
number of inlets so as to bring the matters to be acted upon into a thoroughly
heated state in the chamber A, and there they are kept in motion by the revolving
of the shaft C carrying the arms or stirrers C. R is a fly wheel on shaft J².
The mixture passing, still kept in motion, may if found needful be cooled down
sufficiently to ensure the production of homogeneous fuel after it has been subjected
to pressure in the trough.
Motion may be given to the shaft and stirrers by gearing wheels driven by bands
from suitable pulleys in any ordinary or convenient manner.

page_text: The rams may be constructed in one or more parts and of other shape than that
shewn and may be worked with or without the perforating rod or rods.
The troughs or moulds employed may be slightly contracted at the exit end so
as to effect compression of the substances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1 In apparatus for the manufacture into blocks or moulded forms of
carbonaceous matters for use as fuel, the combination or arrangement and use of a
reducing device for the preparation of the pitch or cementitious matter, a mixing
chamber and mixing parts, an intermediate stirring and cooling chamber (as F), a
clearing device (as G¹), with a ram and moulding chamber with removable
bottom and sides, and top movable and weighted all substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
2: In apparatus for manufacturing blocks or forms from reduced carbonaceous
matters for fuel, a mixing apparatus, an intermediate stirring and cooling apparatus,
a clearer and channels in combination with a moulding ram and chamber
with adjustable and movable sides all substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
3: For manufacturing blocks or forms from reduced carbonaceous matters for
fuel the combination and use of mixing apparatus with a mould or moulds
having adjustable removable and renewable parts and a cooperating ram,
substantially as set forth.
4 The combination, arrangement and use of parts of the herein described
moulding apparatus for blocks, or forms, of reduced carbonaceous matters for fuel,
to cooperate with suitable mixing and filling apparatus.
5: The general arrangement or combination of parts of apparatus for
manufacturing blocks or forms of reduced carbonaceous matters for use as fuel
as set forth.
1003
WM. BROOKES & SON.
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.