IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS AND SATCHELS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hans Hansen Moeller, of Flensburg, in the Kingdom
of Prussia, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS AND SATCHELS."
Sealed the 5th September 1879, and dated the 19th March 1879.
IMPROVE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hans Hansen Moeller at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th March 1879.
HANS HANSEN MOELLER, of Flensburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS AND SATCHELS."
This Invention has reference to machines for the manufacture of paper bags of
the kind described in Robinson's Specification, No. 2973 of 1873, wherein a con-
tinuous length of paper is led from a reel first over a pasting wheel, then over a
wheel for marking the folds, then through folding plates or guides and between
pressing rollers, by which operations a continuous tube of paper is formed, which is
then led to cutters for separating it into lengths for the bags, the one end of each
length being at the same time pasted and folded over, after which the bags are
passed over drying cylinders. In such machines as heretofore constructed only one
single length of continuous paper has been treated in the above described manner,
and one part of the present Invention has for its object to enable two, three, or
more lengths to be operated upon side by side in one and the same machine in such
a manner as not to necessitate a corresponding widening of the machine. For this
purpose when the machine is arranged to operate on three lengths of paper the
two side reels are arranged one behind, above, or below the other at a distance in a
transverse direction, such that the width of each paper strip would overlap that of
the other. The paper is led from each reel first over a pasting roller situated
respectively at different levels, and thence under two creasing rollers, each of a
width corresponding to that of the bag to be formed. The paper in being drawn
tightly under these rollers the edges thereof cause the free part of the paper strip to
bend up sharply on each side, thus forming the paper into a trough shape. From
the creasing rollers the paper passes between two adjustable bars placed at such an
angle to each other that the paper in passing through is bent over sharply on each
side so that its cross section forms a triangle. Sufficient space now intervenes
Do71
"

page_text: between the two partly folded side strips for the creasing roller of the middle strip
which is led down to it from the reel and pasting roller carried by a raised bracket.
The three partly folded lengths then pass side by side through the folding plates or
dies and thence through the pressing dies and rollers by which the pasted parts are
pressed down so as to adhere to each other and thus form the paper into a flattened
tube. These dies, of which there are two for each paper strip, are adjustable to and
from each other, according to the width of tube required, such adjustment of the four
inner dies being effected by screw spindles below the table of the machine, while
the adjustment of the two outer dies is effected by forming them with slotted holes
through which screws secured to the table pass. Another improvement relates to
the heated drum for drying the bags when finished. According to one arrange-
ment I adapt these drums to be heated by internal gas jets. For this purpose the
sides of the drum may be close and a gas pipe be made to enter the one side through
a central hole, whence it extends radially to near the inner periphery of the drum
and terminates in a series of gas jets. The gas pipe has a hole just outside the drum
into which enters a jet of air under pressure conducted through a pipe from
any suitable air pump or blower. The current of air propels the gas through
the pipe and mixing with it produces the requisite heating flame at the burners.
The products of combustion are led off from the interior of the drum through
an escape pipe. According to another arrangement the sides of the drum are
left open, and the gas jets are either led from branch pipes to jets at the inner
circumference of the drum; or the axis of the drum is formed hollow and the
passed through one end thereof, and passes through side holes at about the middle
of its length into a chamber in a sleeve fitted loose on the drum from which branch
pipes lead the gas to burners at the circumference. The sleeve is prevented from
rotating with the hollow axis by a balance weight. In this last modification the
sides of the drum may be closed in and the air requisite for combustion be intro-
duced together with the gas into the hollow axle, one part of which in this case also
serves to conduct away the products of combustion. According to another arrange-
ment for heating the drum with hot air the drum contains an inner shell so as to
form a shallow annular space round the inner surface. Into this space hot air is
made to pass from the hollow axis through a hollow radial arm. The axis is divided
internally into two compartments by a partition, and the second compartment com-
municates with the annular space by a second hollow arm diametrically opposite to
the first, so that the hot air after circulating through the annular space escapes
through the second hollow arm and compartment of the axis. According to another
modification the hollow axis does not pass through the drum but communicates at
each side thereof with a hollow space communicating with the annular space at the
circumference, or the drum may merely contain a baffle plate or disc opposite the
hollow axis through which the hot air enters, so that the latter is caused to flow to
the circumference before it can pass to the outlet passage in the axis on the opposite
side.
gas
is

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Hans Hansen Moeller in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th September 1879.
HANS HANSEN MOELLER, of Flensburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER BAGS AND SATCHELS."
This Invention has reference to machines for the manufacture of paper bags of
the kind described in Robinson's Specification, No. 2973 of 1873, wherein a con-
tinuous length of paper is led from a reel first over a pasting wheel, then over a
wheel for marking the folds, then through folding plates or guides, and between
pressing rollers, by which operations a continuous tube of paper is formed, which is
then led to cutters for separating it into lengths for the bags, the one end of each
length being at the same time pasted and folded over, after which the bags are
passed over drying cylinders. In such machines as heretofore constructed only
one single length of continuous paper has been treated in the above described
manner, and one part of the present Invention has for its object to enable two, three,
or more lengths to be operated upon side by side in one and the same machine,
in such a manner as not to necessitate a corresponding widening of the machine.
For this purpose when the machine is arranged to operate on three lengths of
paper the two side reels are arranged one behind, above, or below the other, at a .
distance in a transverse direction such that the width of each paper strip would
overlap that of the other. The paper is led from each reel first over a pasting
roller situated respectively at different levels, and thence under two creasing rollers,
each of a width corresponding to that of the bags to be formed. The paper in being
drawn tightly under these rollers the edges thereof cause the free part of the
paper strip to bend up sharply on each side, thus forming the paper into a trough
shape. From the creasing rollers the paper passes between two adjustable bars.
placed at such an angle to each other that the paper in passing through is bent
over sharply on each side, so that its cross section forms a triangle. Sufficient
space now intervenes between the two partly folded side strips for the creasing
roller of the middle strip, which is led down to it from the reel and pasting roller
carried by a raised bracket. The three partly folded lengths then pass side by side
through the folding plates or dies, and thence through the pressing dies and rollers,
by which the pasted parts are pressed down so as to adhere to each other, and thus
form the paper into a flattened tube. These dies, of which there are two for each
paper strip, are adjustable to and from each other according to the width of tube
required, such adjustment of the four inner dies being effected by screw spindles
below the table of the machine, while the adjustment of the two outer dies is
effected by forming them with slotted holes, through which screws secured to the
table pass. Another improvement relates to the heated drum for drying the bags
when finished. According to one arrangement I adapt these drums to be heated
by internal gas jets. For this purpose the sides of the drum may be close, and
a gas pipe be made to enter the one side through a central hole, whence it extends
radially to near the inner periphery of the drum, and terminates in a series of gas
jets. The gas pipe has a hole just outside the drum, into which enters a jet of air
under pressure conducted through a pipe from any suitable air pump or blower.
The current of air propels the gas through the pipe, and mixing with it produces
the requisite heating flame at the burners. The products of combustion are led off
from the interior of the drum through an escape pipe.
According to another arrangement the sides of the drum are left open, and the
gas jets are either led from branch pipes to jets at the inner circumference of the
drum, or the axis of the drum is formed hollow and the gas is passed through one
end thereof, and passes through side holes at about the middle of its length into a
chamber in a sleeve fitted loose on the drum, from which branch pipes lead the gas
to burners at the circumference. The sleeve is prevented from rotating with the

page_text: hollow axis by a balance weight. In this last modification the sides of the drum
may be closed in, and the air requisite for combustion be introduced together with
the gas into the hollow axle, one part of which in this case also serves to conduct
away the products of combustion.
According to another arrangement for heating the drum with hot air the drum
contains an inner shell, so as to form a shallow annular space round the inner surface.
Into this space hot air is made to pass from the hollow axis through a hollow radial
arm. The axis is divided internally into two compartments by a partition, and the
second compartment communicates with the annular space by a second hollow arm
diametrically opposite to the first, so that the hot air after circulating through the
annular space escapes through the second hollow arm and compartment of the axis.
According to another modification the hollow axis does not pass through the drum,
but communicates at each side thereof with a hollow space communicating with the
annular space at the circumference; or the drum may merely contain a baffle plate
or disc opposite the hollow axis through which the hot air enters, so that the latter
is caused to flow to the circumference before it can pass to the outlet passage in the.
axis on the opposite side.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3, Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings, shew respectively an end
view, a plan, and section of the above described guiding apparatus for three lengths
of paper bags x, x, x, arranged closely beside each other. The guide rails 2 and 5
are fixed to the slides A, A', which are connected by the screwed bushes a, a³, with
the screw spindles b, b', so that the guide rails 2 and 5 can be adjusted at will by
turning the hand wheels B, B¹. The guide rails 3 and 4 are adjusted in a precisely
similar manner by the hand wheels C, C¹. The outer guide rails 1 and 6 are
secured by the known arrangement of clamping screws passing through slots in the
table. Figs. 4, 5, and 6, Sheet I., shew in elevation, plan, and section, the new
construction of guiding apparatus adapted for two wider lengths of bags x, x, the
two middle guide rails being for this purpose removed. The table has fixed to it
two bridge pieces d, d, and d¹³, d¹, of such a height that the paper tubes to be guided
can pass conveniently beneath them. These bridge pieces 'd, d, and d', d', serve as
carriers for and means of securing the guide rails and 2 which are transversely
adjustable thereon, and can be secured by setting screws, wedges, or the like. The
pasting and folding is effected in the usual manner.
Figs. 7 and 8, Sheet II., shew respectively a side elevation and section on
line A, B, of the new arrangement and construction of the several paper reels,
pasting rollers, and folding discs. The machine is, by way of example, arranged
for preparing three lengths of bags side by side. The paper coming from the reel I
(Fig. 7) passes under the guiding roller Ia, then over the pasting roller 1b, and
under the folding discs Ic, and along the table through the guiding apparatus F to
the pair of rollers W, which grip it and draw it along. The paper being drawn in
a tightly stretched condition underneath the folding discs, folds are formed therein
along lines corresponding to the points from which the paper projects beyond the
discs, the paper bending automatically upwards to some extent as it passes along,
as indicated at the middle length II. x, Fig. 8. The edges of the paper after leaving
the discs Ic are folded over still. more by means of the guide bars f, g, of an
adjustable guide apparatus A, A. In the same way the paper passes from the
reel III., over the pasting roller IIIb, and so on. The middle paper length passing
from the reel II. for forming the middle length of bags II passes under the guide
roller II, then over the pasting roller IIb, and under the folding discs IIº,
whence, after folding over the bag form F, it is led to the pair of drawing rollers W.
Fig. 8 shews the manner in which this middle length of bags II* passes between
the two side lengths I and III. This is only rendered possible in the narrow
space allowed by the previous bending up of the two side lengths, as described, and

page_text: by the fact that the middle length coming from above has also been previously
folded over by the folding discs and guide bars, whereby it is made to occupy the
least possible space. The three lengths of bag paper I., II. x, III. x, now pass
along side by side, folded over the forms F, and are finished in the known manner,
forming continuous flattened tubes which are fed by the rollers W to the other part
of the apparatus, which is of known construction.
If a machine for four lengths of bag paper be required, the reel IV. and pasting
roller IV would be placed as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 7. The reel and
pasting roller for a fifth length would be arranged with their axes in continuation
of the axes of the reel I. and pasting roller Ib, and those of a sixth length in the
continuation of the axes of II. and IIb, and so on. It will be evident that the
reel III., instead of being placed as shewn in full lines at Fig. 7, might also be
placed in the dotted positions III or IIIч.
Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, on Sheet III. shew various arrangements of drying cylinders,
heated by gas according to my Invention. Figs. 5, 6, and 6, shew arrangements
for heating by heated air. Fig. 1 represents a closed narrow cylinder with gas
supply pipes a, and supply pipes b for propelled air for directing the gas jets against
the inner surface of the cylinder; the pipe c serves for conducting away the
products of combustion; fis the axis of the drum; d are the burners on the gas
bracket.
Figs. 2 and 3 shew open cylinders in which are ordinary burners & without
special air supply. The gas supply is effected at Fig. 3 through the hollow axes of
the drum, into which the gas pipe a fits with a stuffing box, and from which it
passes through side holes into the loose sleeve surrounding the axis and thence
through the radial arms to the burners, which are maintained in the upright
position by a balance weight, as shewn. Fig. 4 shews a broad closed cylinder with
similar arrangements to those at Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shews a boxed drying cylinder, the
hollow axis of which has a partition. The hot air is passed by suction or pressure
through the hollow axis into the interior of the cylinder, and passes thence through
the other part of the hollow axis to the chimney.
Fig. 6 and 6a shew drying cylinders which have inside either a circular disc
(Fig. 6) or a second cylinder (Fig. 6). The hot air passes through the hollow axis
into the interior of the cylinder and against the one surface of the disc or inner
drum, whence it is led in contact with the inner surface of the outer cylinder and
then passes through the other part of the hollow axis to the chimney. The
circulation may be accelerated by any suitable air propelling or suction apparatus.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I claim in respect of machinery for the manufacture of
paper bags or satchels,――
First. The improved adjustable guiding apparatus for effecting the simultaneous
manufacture of several rows or lengths of bag paper in one machine, herein
described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 on Sheet I. of the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The improved arrangement and combination of paper reels, pasting
rollers, and folding discs, as and for the purposes herein described with reference to
Figs. 7 and 8 on Sheet II. of the Drawings.
Third. The improved constructions of drying cylinders heated by gas or hot air,
herein described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6ª on Sheet III. of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hans Hansen Moeller, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.