CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOILERS FOR STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1825

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ПIENRY JAMES, of Cobourg Place, Winson Green, near Birmingham, in the
county of Warwick, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Пis present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by Iis Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and
twenty-five, in the sixth year of Пis reign, did, for Himself, His heus and
successors, give and giant unto me, the said William Henry James, His
especial licence that I, the said William Henry James, my exors, adiñors, and
assigns, on such others as I, the said William Henry James, my exors, admňors,
and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Bei wick-upon-Tweed, and also in His said Majesty's Colonies and Plan-
tations abroad, iny Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF BOILERS FOR STEAM ENGINES," in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso obliging me, the said William Henry James, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calender months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Henry James, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the
following description thereof (that is to say):
-
My Improvements in the Construction of Boilers for Steam Engines consist,―
1st, in forming my boilers by combining a series of annular tubes or a series
of ring-formed chambers, which chambers communicate with each other by
apertures running through the whole series, in order to allow the water and
the steam to flow freely from end to end of the cylindrical vessel so formed by
the combined tubes or chambers, and which vessel has a furnace adapted
within it for the purpose of heating the water and the steam contained in the
annular tubes or chambers.
2ndly, in a contrivance by which the boiler may be made to evolve or to
vibiate for the purpose of clearing its interior from sediment or inciustation
caused by the boiling of the water, which said improvements are exhibited in
the Drawings hereto annexed, and will be further evident by the following
description thereof:-
Fig. 1 is an external view of the side of the boiler.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a section cut through the boiler lengthwise, and
Fig. 4 is a transverse section, the similar letters referring to the same
parts in all the Figures. a, a, a, are the annular tubes or ring-formed
chambers made of metal, by rolling, welding, or casting, and which are to
be united by soldering, bolting, livetting, or otherwise; through the senes
of tubes or chambers so united apertures are to be made lengthwise for the
purpose of obtaining free passages by which the water and steam may flow,
thereby forming the whole series of chambers into one vessel or capacity,
which is to be occupied by water rather more than halfway up. A fur-
nace b, b, is to be inserted within the cylinder, supported upon suitable
bearings c, c, and capable of sliding in and out, which, with its flue d, d, d,
occupies the whole interior of the cylindrical vessel; and the flame and heated
vapour arising from the furnace in passing from thence to the chimney enters
the jacket or casing e, e, e, and embraces the external surfaces of the ring-
formed chambers, thereby causing the water to boil in the lower parts of the
vessel, and the steam generated therefrom, 11sing into the upper parts of the
vessel to have its elastic force greatly increased by the immediate action of
the fire, the jacket or casing being coated with pulverized charcoal or other
imperfect conductor of caloric to prevent the radiation of heat. I ha

page_text: adapted a revolving cock f, seen in Figs 1 and 2, which, beng actuated by
the engine, is to give such supplies of water to the boiler, through the supply
pipes 9 and h, as may be found necessary. By this particular construction of
cock (shewn in section at Fig 5) whenever the water in the boiler is above
the desired level it flows up to the aperture of the cock, and prevents a further
supply from passing; but when the water in the boiler is below the level of the
pipe h, then a supply is delivered every time that the cock revolves The
steam rising into the upper parts of the chambers of the boiler escapes
through the bent tube and the pipe k to the engine As it may be found
that the water in boiling deposits earthy matters, which adhere as a crust to the
interior of the vessel, I propose to place at the bottom parts of each chamber
a few shots, marbles, or other loose articles, in order to clean the interior of
the boiler by friction, and to assist this object I have contrived that the boiler
shall be capable of evolving or vibrating When I wish to clean the boiler I
withdraw the furnace and unscrew the pipes h and 2, then, having nearly filled
the chambers with water, by manual labor appled to the handles and m, I
cause the boiler to revolve or to vibrate to and fro upon its axle n and its guide
1ollers 0, 0, 0, when, by the friction of the shot above descubed, the inci ustation
or sediment will be broken up and discharged with the water employed in
washing it. I wish it to be understood that I do not limit my claim of Inven-
tion to the precise forms exhibited in the Diawings of the parts of which this
my improved boiler is constructed, as the tubes or chambers may be eliptical
or of other forms slightly deviating from a circle; neither do I mean to limit
myself to such tubes as are square in their sectional figure, as round or other
formed tubes united together would answer the purpose. And though I prefer
the construction and forms shewn in the Drawing, yet I should consider the
above vanations as imitations of my Invention provided a boiler for a steam
engine was constituted by combining a series of annular tubes or ring-formed
chambers with fice and distinct passages for the water and for the steain
through the whole senes
And lastly, I claim the manner of mounting such boilers as above described
upon axles or rollers, for the purpose of allowing the boilers to be turned
ound or made to vibrate, in order to clean then internal surfaces from sediment
or incrustation.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Henry James, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and twenty-five
(L.S)
JAMES.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourteenth day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1825, the aforesaid William Henry James came
before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Fourteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.