Year: 1896

page_text: ешен
I JOHN DANIA TOMLINSON, of the Firm of James Tomlinson, of the Soho
Iron Works, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My said invention refers to improvements in nap raising machines of a type,
similar for example to those invented by Ferdinand Martinot and patented by
him in this country as communications, under Nos. 10076 of 1887 and 21162
of 1890.
In working raising machines of this type it is sometimes requisite or desirable
to reverse the direction of the raising, and to effect this the fabric must be taken
out of the machine, turned end for end and again passed through the machine.
This is a source of inconvenience and delay, and entails extra labour and handling
of the goods. To remedy this defect I arrange to reverse the direction of the
raising by simply reversing the direction of the traverse of the cloth, without
removing it from the machine. Of course without special arrangements the mere
reversal of the direction of traverse of the cloth would not effect my object as
the differential gearing between the sets of card rollers is such that although the
more rapidly revolving driven roller would act properly in the ordinary direction,
nevertheless if the traverse of the cloth were reversed, the said driven roller would
then become the driving roller and the former driving roller the driven roller.
But as the usual gearing between the rollers would have the effect of reducing
instead of increasing the speed of what would become the driven roller under
these conditions of reversal, it is evident that no proper raising action would take
place. I have therefore to provide means for throwing one set of differential
gearing out of action on the reversal of the traverse of the cloth and placing in
action another set of differential gearing which will communicate the required
higher speed to the driven roller. This alteration of gearing may be done by hand
before the reversal of the cloth or it may be effected automatically by the
means employed to bring about the said reversal of traverse of the cloth. The
mechanism for effecting this change of gearing may be of any convenient and
suitable nature.
My invention may be applied in conjunction with apparatus for raising one
side of the fabric only or in apparatus for raising both sides of the fabric
simultaneously.
In order to equalise and render more regular the raising effect, I propose to
give a reciprocating movement to the raising cylinders in the direction of their
length. This may be done by a cam on the end of the shaft or by any other
suitable mechanism for giving the required longitudinal reciprocatory movement.
1 also propose to adopt means for keeping the card rollers sharp, by continuously
grinding them while at work. With this object I might arrange emery or other
grinding rollers or traversing discs set to work against the card rollers, or I might
incorporate grinding means with the present clearing brushes, so that the brushing
of the card rollers would at the same time result in keeping the cards sharp.
The said grinding means might either be used continuously while the card rolleis

page_text: were at work or the same might be used from time to time to sharpen the cards
without removing the rollers from the machine.
Dated the 8th day of May 1896.
Improvements in Apparatus for Raising Nap on Fabrics.
I JOHN DANIA TOMLINSON, of the Firm of James Tomlinson, of the Soho
Iron Works, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what mauuer the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawings:-
My said invention refers to improvements in nap raising machines of a type,
similar for example to those invented by Ferdinand Martinot and patented by
him in this country as communications, under Nos. 10076 of 1887 and 21162
of 1890.
In working raising machines of this type it is sometimes requisite or desirable
to reverse the direction of the raising, and to effect this the fabric must be taken
out of the machine. This is a source of inconvenience and delay, and entails
extra labour and handling of the goods. To remedy this defect I arrange to
reverse the direction of the raising by simply reversing the direction of the
traverse of the cloth, without removing it from the machine. Of course without
special arrangements the mere reversal of the direction of traverse of the cloth
would not effect my object as the differential gearing between the sets of card
rollers is such that although the more rapidly revolving driven raising roller would
act properly in the ordinary direction, nevertheless if the traverse of the cloth
were reversed, the said driven raising roller would then become the driving roller
and the former driving roller the driven raising roller. But as the usual gearing
between the rollers would have the effect of reducing instead of increasing the
speed of what would become the driven raising roller under these conditions of
reversal, it is evident that no proper raising action would take place. I have
therefore to provide means for throwing one set of differential gearing out of
action on the reversal of the traverse of the cloth and placing in action another
set of differential gearing which will communicate the required higher speed to
the driven roller. This alteration of gearing may be done by hand before the
reversal of the cloth or it may be effected automatically by the means
employed to bring about the said reversal of traverse of the cloth. The
mechanism for effecting this change of gearing may be of any convenient and
suitable nature.
My invention may be applied in conjunction with apparatus for raising one
side of the fabric only or in apparatus for raising both sides of the fabric
simultaneously, as under my Patent No. 7738 of 1896.
To render iny invention more clear I have attached hereto three sheets of
illustrative drawings to which I will now refer.
On Sheet 1-
Fig. 1 is a side view of a raising apparatus containing the features which constitute
my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1 the cylinders and rollers extending between the
frames being shown broken off for want of space.

page_text: Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the gearing connecting the raising rollers and
the rachet arrangement for allowing the reversal of the rollers at their proper
relative speeds.
On Sheet 2-
Fig. 5 is a side view of a reversable raising apparatus for raising both sides of
the cloth.
Fig. 6 is a plan of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is an eud view of the raising rollers.
On Sheet 3-
Fig. 8 is an enlarged side view of a modified form of gearing operating the
raising rollers.
Fig. 9 is a plan of Fig. 8.
Referring in the first place to Fig. 1 the frame to support the mechanism is
marked a. The cloth passing through the machine is marked b and the guiding
rollers for directing the cloth towards and from the raising rollers are marked c c.
The modus operandi of raising machines being well known, need not be fully
entered into here. Suffice it to say that the cloth b in passing through the machine
say from left to right in Fig. 1 engages first of all with the card roller 1 the teeth
of which as clearly shown in Fig. 3 would then point against the direction of
progression of the cloth. The cloth in advancing through the machine, rotates
the card roller 1. This card roller 1 is connected by gearing to the card roller 2 in
the manner I will now explain.
On one end of the axle 1 of the card roller 1 I firmly secure a ratchet wheel d
and the said axle also carries loosely a toothed wheel e.
This toothed wheel e
gears with an intermediate wheel which in its turn gears with a wheel g fixed on
one end of the axle 2 of the card roller 2. The wheel g is of smaller diameter
than the wheel e and as the rollers 1 and 2 are of equal size it follows that the
roller 2 has a greater circumferential speed than the roller 1. To drive the wheel e
from the axle 1 1 bolt to the loose wheel e, a carrier bracket e' which carries a
spring ratchet pawl e2 which gears with the ratchet wheel d fixed on the axle 1º.
Thus it will be seen that when the cloth b is being passed through the machine in
the direction of the arrow Figs. 1 and 3 the roller 1 is revolved by frictional contact
with the cloth.
The ratchet wheel d on the outer end of the axle 1ª engages with the ratchet
pawle and takes round with it the carrier bracket e and loose wheel e. The
gearing already described transmits the motion to the roller wheel g. on the axle 2b
of the card roller the latter card roller being thus revolved in the same direction
as the card roller 1, viz. in the direction of traverse of the cloth but at a quicker
speed owing to the differences of diameter between the toothed wheels e and g.
The roller 2 then constitutes the raising roller and operates on the cloth so as to
raise it.
The rollers 4 and 3 with their driving gearing are merely repetitions of the
rollers 1 and 2 with their attachments and need not be separately referred to.
So far I have shown how the apparatus raises in one direction. I will now
proceed to show how the raising is effected in the contrary direction by simply
reversing the direction of traverse of the cloth without taking it out of the
machine. As explained in the foregoing part of this specification merely to
reverse the direction of traverse of the cloth alone would not do, and for the
following reason. When the cloth is reversed the roller 2 of the first group
becomes the driving roller and the roller 1 the driven and raising roller.
the roller instead of revolving more quickly than the roller 2 would revolve more
slowly it is clear no raising effect would result. To get up the speed of the roller 1
when the cloth is so reversed, I apply the ratchet and other gear which I have just
described with reference to one end of the rollers, to the opposite end of the rollers,
but reversed. For example I fix a ratchet wheel d on the opposite end of the
But as

page_text: axle 2. In like manner I place a loose wheel e on the same axle 2b, and drive
through an intermediate wheelf to the wheel a fixed on the axle 1 of the roller 1.
Thus on the reversal of the traverse of the cloth as described, the roller 1 which
then becomes the raising roller is speeded up to the required circumferential
velocity by simply duplicating at the other end of the rollers the gearing employed
to impart the higher speed to the roller 2 in the first instance. The gearing at the
other end of the rollers, that is to say the gearing first described, simply runs idle
during this reversal of the cloth, the ratchet wheel d running backwards and
therefore slipping past the ratchet pawl. The same ratchet slip and idle running
of the gearing takes place at one end of the rollers or at the other according to the
direction in which the cloth is being traversed. The revolving brushes marked h
are used to clean the card rollers from fluff, fibre and dirt.
Figs. 5, 6 and 7 on Sheet 2 illustrate my reversible raising apparatus as applied
to a machine for raising the fabric on both sides simultaneously. Here as best
seen at Fig. 7 of the drawings, suppose the cloth 6 were traversing in the direction
indicated by the arrows the rollers 4 and 2 would be driven by their contact with
the passing cloth and the rollers 1 and 3 would be the raising rollers, driven at a
higher speed by gearing, from the rollers 4 and 2 respectively. In this case
confining ourselves to the elevation shown at Fig. 5 and to the lower side of the
plan Fig. 6 it will be seen that on the end of the axle 2 of the roller 2 there is a
ratchet toothed disc clutch-half i secured to the axle by a slip feather and groove
or other suitable means whereby the clutch half revolves with the axle but can also
slide longitudinally thereon. Opposite to the said clutch half and loosely mounted
on the axle 2 is another clutch half capable of engaging with the clutch half i.
A helical spring ; behind the clutch half and adjusted by a collar k and nuts,
presses the clutch half i against the half i¹. The ratchet teeth of the clutch halves
will engage and drive in one direction, but will slip in the opposite direction.
When the cloth is going through the machine in the direction indicated in Fig. 7,
the clutch halves will engage and remain together in driving contact. The
clutch half is formed on or attached to the toothed wheel which gears with the
similar toothed wheel m of smaller diameter which is fixed on the axle 1 of
the roller 1. The large wheel driving the smaller wheel m causes the roller 1 to
revolve at a greater speed than the roller 2 and thus effects the raising of the upper
side of the cloth. The same driving effect takes place as between the rollers 3
and 4 but transposed so that the roller 3 is speeded up to raise the under side of the
cloth, both sides of the cloth being raised simultaneously.
For the purposes of reversal the opposite ends of the roller axles have clutch and
gearing arrangements similar to those described but reversed, so that when the
traverse of the cloth is reversed and the rollers 1 and 3 made the driving rollers,
the rollers 2 and 4 are speeded up and assume the function of the raising
rollers.
Figs. 8 and 9 on Sheet 3 illustrate the application of the clutch halves i and ¹
to the arrangement shown in Sheet 1 of the drawings where one side only of the
fabric is raised. The arrangement and working are the same, except for the
introduction of the intermediate wheelf to transmit the motion from the wheel e to
the wheel as already described with reference to Sheet 1. The arrangement is
duplicated but reversed at the other end of the rollers so as to reverse the relative
working of the rollers with the reversal of the cloth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. In apparatus for raising nap on fabrics, reversing the direction of the raising
by the reversal of the traverse of the cloth and without removing the fabric from
the machine, by the means and substantially as herein before set forth.
2. In apparatus for raising nap on fabrics providing means whereby the

page_text: non-raising roller in one direction becomes the raising roller on the reversal of the
direction of traverse of the cloth in the other direction substantially as herein-
before described and as illustrated.
3. In apparatus for raising nap on fabrics the duplicate arrangement of gearing
with ratchet drivers or their equivalents at each end of the rollers whereby when
the cloth is passing through the machine in one direction the first roller actuated
by the cloth drives the second roller at the required higher speed so as to act as a
raising roller in one direction while on the reversal of the traverse of the cloth the
second roller is actuated by the cloth and the first roller is driven at a higher speed
so as to raise in the opposite direction, the slip of the ratchet drivers permitting
the over-running of the raising roller in either direction, substantially as described
and shown.
4. In apparatus for raising both sides of the cloth simultaneously, the combination
of the gearing and clutch halves for effecting the reversal of the rollers at the
proper relative speeds when the direction of traverse of the cloth through the
machine is reversed, substantially as described and as illustrated in Sheet 2 of
the drawings
Dated this 8th day of February 1897.
For the Applicant,
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, Chartered Patent Agents.