matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED MODE OF TANNING HIDES AND SKINS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hunter Henry Murdoch at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 11th November 1872.-A communication from abroad by
Barthelemy Picard, of Paris, France, Tanner.
I, HUNTER HENRY MURDOCH, of No. 7, Staple Inn, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF TANNING HIDES AND SKINS," to be as
follows:-
:-
This Invention consists of an improved mode of tanning hides and
skins, whereby the use of acids is dispensed with and the hides or
skins are tanned much more quickly than by ordinary methods.
According to this Invention a quantity of tan of any suitable kind, or
any tanning material or substance used for tanning, is boiled in water,
so as to extract the tannin or juice from such material or substance.
The decoction being carried to the proper point all the residuum and
foreign matters contained in the said decoction are to be immediately
separated therefrom by decantation or other suitable means, so as to

page_text: leave nothing but the liquid containing the extract or essence of the tan
or tanning material produced by the boiling process herein-before
described.
The strength of the decoction, extract, or essence thus obtained should
be regulated according to the thickness, the quality, and the nature of
the skins or hides which it is intended to operate upon. The strength of
the said decoction, extract, or essence may be reduced if required by
adding thereto a suitable quantity of pure cold water. When the
said decoction, or essence, or extract of tan or tanning material is of the
required strength, and has been allowed to cool, it is passed into suitable
tanks or vessels, into which the hides or skins to be tanned are then
introduced.
The position of the said hides or skins immersed in the decoction or
essence as described should be changed, or they should be lifted or
turned at least three times the first day, three times the second day,
twice the third day, once the fourth day, and then once a day or more
as required, until the tanning is completely finished, which in ordinary
cases may be in eight or ten days, more or less.
IMPROVEMENTS IN IMPERMEABLE FABRICS OR MATERIALS FOR HANGINGS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Marie Lasché at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st October 1872.,
I, JEAN MARIE LASCHÉ, of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN IMPERMEABLE FABRICS OR MATERIALS FOR HANGINGS AND
OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to improvements upon a former Invention
protected by Letters Patent in England, dated the 13th November 1868,
No. 3449, for "Improvements in the Manufacture of Hangings and
Coverings for Walls, and other Decorative Purposes."
The object of the improvements is a new manufacture of an article
having an impermeable base or under side of tin laminated, rolled, or
otherwise reduced into very thin leaves covered by pasting or glueing
upon its upper side a fabric, stuff paper, or other body. The process
consists in placing upon a well-made table of wood, stone, cast iron,
glass, slate, or other material, several sheets of thin leaf tin placed end
to end one after the other. The table thus prepared with a very smooth
•

page_text: surface of tin is ready for the manufacture of the new material. For
this purpose movable sheets of beaten tin or tin foil are spread upon
the table taking care to make their ends overlap one another a little, a
layer of paste, glue, or other binding substance is spread upon the sheets
of tin foil over which stuffs, fabric, paper or other material is laid in a
plain, ornamental, dyed, printed, decorated, shaded, or other state and
allowed to dry. In this manner is obtained the new portable article
composed of an impermeable base or under side of tin and a face or
upper side of stuff, paper, or other decorative material, and which is
capable of use for hangings and coverings of all kinds and many other 1
purposes.
The stuff or paper may also be glued to the other side of the tin which
IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR CHANGING SHUTTLE BOXES IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1872.-A communication from abroad by James
Brierly, of Worcester, and James Brierly, of Millbury, both in
Massachusetts, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co.
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM FOR
CHANGING SHUTTLE BOXES IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," a communication, to be
as follows:-
This Invention is designed to change the boxes at any time from any
one that is in operation to any other in the series that may be desired, in
looms that use several shuttles, and to do this quickly without stopping
or interfering with the regular run of the loom.
This object is accomplished by means of an electing mechanism
composed of a pattern chain and levers with a cam to raise the boxes
(one or more as indicated), and allow them to fall (one or more as may

page_text: be indicated by the electing mechanism), whilst the exact time of their
falling is determined by a cam and lever or other mechanism that
releases them to fall when the lathe is at a certain point, whether the
change is of one or more. This and the combination of the raising and
dropping mechanisms constitute the novel parts of the said Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, OR TWISTING WORSTED, COTTON, SILK, on ANY OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Glover at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd October
1872.
I, JOHN GLOVER, jun'., of Lansdowne Place, Bradford, in the County
of York, Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING,
DOUBLING, OR TWISTING WORSTED, COTTON, SILK, on ANY OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to employing flyers fixed on the spindle wharles,
working up and down on the spindles, and in placing the bobbins on the
spindle tops instead of resting on the wharle flanges or the lifter plates,
as heretofore. For this purpose the flyers are fixed in the flanges of the
wharles, and are made straight with bent eyes to receive the yarn; the
part of the spindles on which the wharles and flyers travel and rotate
are made larger in diameter than those at present in use
to give
steadiness to the tops of the spindles on which the bobbins are placed;
the tops of the spindles are also made smaller in diameter than the
ordinary spindles, receiving brass or metal tubes, on which are placed

page_text: the bobbins; these brass or metal tubes have flanges on the bottom ends
working on loose washers placed on the spindles between the tick or
working parts, and the thin top ends giving the necessary drag; these
brass tubes receive the bobbins which are carried round by means of the
flyers revolving, giving the twist to the yarn. The bobbins are
stationary, that is to say, they have no lifting or lowering motion, they
only rotate by means of the yarn carried round by the revolving flyers;
these flyers being fixed to the lifting and lowering wharles cause the
yarn to wind up and down the bobbins at the same time that it receives
the twist.
The bobbins may be placed on the spindle tops doing away with the
brass or metal tubes; in that case the bottom flanges of the bobbins act
upon the loose washers.
The wharles instead of having an up-and-down motion may be
stationary, only revolving, the spindles and bobbins move upwards and
downwards resting on a lifter plate underneath the top spindle rail.
A NEW OR IMPROVED CIGAR TUBE OR HOLDER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bernard Schott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th December 1872.
I, JOHN BERNARD SCHOTT, of 103, London Road, Southwark, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED CIGAR TUBE OR HOLDER," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of a new kind of cigar tube or cigar holder, and
consists of a tapering tube of any diameter, made of silver or other metal, .
and fitted with an ordinary mouthpiece at one end, and at the other
which is curved the tube is flattened into the shape of a wedge; imme-
diately below such wedge an opening is made in the tube to admit of the
smoke being drawn through. Below this aperture a ring or collar of the
same metal is soldered on to the tube to prevent the wedge penetrating
the cigar too far, and this portion of the cigar tube or holder which is
my Invention, namely, the wedge and portion of the tube having the
aperture in it are pressed into the under side of a cigar as far as the
collar, and the cigar is then smoked through the tube and is held at a
convenient distance from the face of the smoker.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emile Watteeu, of the Royal Exchange, Mid-
dlesboro'-on-Tees, in the County of York, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS." -A communication from
abroad by Arran de Terré and E. de Mercader, both of Liège, in
the Kingdom of Belgium.
Sealed the 6th August 1872, and dated the 12th March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emile Watteeu at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th March 1872.
I, EMILE WATTEEU, of the Royal Exchange, Middlesboro'-on-Tees,
in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS," to be as follows:-
These improvements in the manufacture of explosive compounds
consist mainly in forming an intimate mixture of sawdust (in its crude
unprepared form) with nitrate of potash and flowers of sulphur. In
the place of nitrate of potash I also use mixtures of nitrate of potash
and nitrate of soda. To be able to use a large proportion of the cheaper

page_text: nitrate of soda as also to enable me to use nitrate of soda without
nitrate of potash, I add to the same a quantity of calcined carbonate
of soda or a mixture of calcined carbonate of soda and of calcined
sulphate of soda.
In compounding these materials when nitrate of potash alone is used,
I adhere as nearly as is possible and practicable (allowing for such slight
deviations as are necessary according to the different rocks to be operated
upon) to the following proportions :-
67.5 per cent. of nitrate of potash,
20-0 per cent. of sulphur,
12.5 per cent. of sawdust.
In such mixtures, however, in which nitrate of potash is in part or
entirely supplanted by nitrate of soda, I arrange the composition of the
compound in such a manner that after explosion the sulphur forms a
monosulphite with the sum of the bases of potassium and sodium 1
contained in the compound.
Likewise I arrange the proportions of sawdust and carbonate of
soda in such a way that after combustion the gaseous products are
principally carbonic acid and as little as possible carbonic oxide.
The proportions which best insure these reactions are the following:-
47.00 per cent. nitrate of soda,
18.00 per cent. nitrate of potash,
6.00 per cent. carbonate and sulphate of soda, ·
17-00 per cent. of sulphur,
12.00 per cent. of sawdust.
I do not limit myself to the exact proportions above given, as these
may be varied according to the nature of the substance to be acted on
2
IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBROIDERING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Moise Mayer and Adolphe Victor
Deshayes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th April 1872.
We, MOISE MAYER and ADOLPHE VICTOR DESHAYES, both of Paris,
in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBROIDERING MACHINES," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce a simple arrangement of
embroidering machine, which will allow of work of varying colours being
alternated in the same line of stitches.
This machine is similar in many of its parts to the ordinary chain
stitch sewing machine, that is to say, it has a vertical crochet needle
receiving motion from a rotating grooved cam on the main driving shaft,
which shaft carries also a cam for vibrating a rock lever that transmits
motion to the mechanism below the bed of the machine. The main
driving shaft is also fitted with cams for operating the presser foot, and
another cam on the same shaft serves to operate an eyelet presser
which surrounds the crochet needle.

page_text: The crochet needle in passing down through the work strikes into the
centre of a vertical tube to which a reciprocating axial motion is com-
municated by means of the vibrating lever before mentioned, actuating a
horizontal rack which is in gear with a ring of teeth formed on the
tube. This tube at its upper end is pierced diagonally with two, three,
or more holes which lead down from near the outer edge at the top of
the tube to the central opening. These diagonal holes are intended to
receive threads led up from bobbins below the bed of the machine, and
by the partial rotation of this tube alternately in opposite directions
threads of different colours may be laid alternately around the crochet
needle. The rotation of the tube and the descent and rise of the needle
are so timed with regard to each other as to ensure the proper formation
of chain stitches, each rise of the needle through the cloth serving to lay
the last formed stitch upon the fabric. The bobbins are mounted on a
pendant support below the table, and pressure and tension springs are
provided for keeping the threads at a proper tension.
"
In order to facilitate the throwing of the machine into and out of
action a clutch arrangement is provided for connecting the driving
pulley with the driving shaft. The clutch is held in contact by the
pressure of a coiled spring, and by means of a treadle a wedge-shaped
piece is brought into action to force open the clutch, and thereby stop
the action of the machine.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE PNEUMATIC APPARATUS OR BRACKET FOR SUPPORTING MUSIC OR BOOKS, AND FOR ANY ANALOGOUS Um
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William John Perkins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th May 1872.
•
I, WILLIAM JOHN PERKINS, of Baker Street, Portman Square, in-
the County of Middlesex, Surgeon Dentist, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE PNEUMATIC
APPARATUS OR BRACKET FOR SUPPORTING MUSIC OR BOOKS, AND FOR ANY ANALOGOUS
Um," to be as follows :—
The ordinary music stand is a large and cumbersome article quite
unsuited to the parlour or drawing room, consequently a violinist or
other instrumentalist when playing an accompaniment, say to the piano,
is compelled to improvise some means of supporting his music, often
very much to his own discomfort, as well as to that of his fellow
musicians.
The main object of my Invention is to obviate this inconvenience by
providing a convenient support which may be carried in the same case
as the instrument, and be easily, rapidly, and securely fixed against
the side or on the top of a piano, or against any flat surface, and be
still more easily removed therefrom without the slightest danger of
injury to such surface.

page_text: My apparatus or pneumatic bracket is composed essentially of a
hollow disc constructed so that when placed against a flat surface a
vacuum may be produced within the disc by means of a small air.
pump fitting upon it, the disc also carrying a jointed arm, the lower
joint or joints being connected to the upper by a ball and socket or
universal joint, the upper end of the topmost joint being suitably
made to carry a desk or stand for music, books, or any other article.
The construction and application of my improved apparatus or
portable pneumatic bracket will be best understood by reference to
the accompanying Sheets of Drawing, upon which Figure 1, (Sheet I.),
represents the bracket fitted with a music desk secured to a piano and
ready for use; Figure 2 (Sheet II.), the bracket with desk removed;
and Figure 3 (Sheet II.), an end view of bracket. Similar letters
of reference denote similar parts in each of the Figures respectively.
A, indicating the hollow disc having an india-rubber washer a, a,
attached to its under surface; B, the small air pump screwing into the
socket b, and thus communicating with the interior of the disc A;
O, the exhaust valve attached to the air pump B and communicating
with the external atmosphere; D, a screw valve by closing which (the
air having been withdrawn from the interior of the disc A) all com- |
munication with the external atmosphere can be cut off, or by opening
the valve the bracket can be readily removed; E, the jointed arm at
the outer end F of which is attached the desk, and in the centre a
universal joint G which allows of the desk being turned in any
direction; H, a binding screw which secures the arm E to the disc A;
I, an elbow which can be screwed into the socket 6, and thus allow
of the position of the air pump being altered should it be found
desirable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING OR WARMING BUILDINGS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hartley and Zaccheus
Sugden at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 5th June 1872.
We, JOHN HARTLEY and ZACCHEUS SUGDEN, both of Halifax, in the
County of York, Welded Boiler Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING
OR WARMING BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to boilers employed for warming buildings of
the class usually enclosed in or by brickwork, the latter being built
concentric with the exterior of the boiler and leaving between the two
a space or passage for the flames and heated gases proceeding from the
interior or flue space of the boiler to act on the exterior thereof, vertical
midfeathers or divisional plates being attached to the exterior of such
boilers, these midfeathers and the brickwork absorb a large per-centage
of the heat generated by the furnace.
In constructing such boilers according to this our Invention we employ
in lieu of the brickwork an outer water heating space concentric with
the interior or boiler, and on which additional water space the flame and

page_text: heated gases act. The interior boiler is connected to the interior water
space by means of hollow or waterway midfeathers, the outer water
space and the midfeathers forming waterways or connections, through
which the circulation is increased, absorb a large per-centage of heat
heretofore lost.
The midfeather waterway is equally applicable to any of the ordinary
boilers of this class, and we prefer to enclose (ordinary boilers) fitted
with our improved waterway midfeather with a casing of iron and so
greatly reduce the quantity of brickwork required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, COOLING, AND FERMENTING LIQUIDS, AND FOR INFUSING, ATTEMPERATING, AND MASHING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE IN BREWING AND DISTILLING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Griffith Williams at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th August 1872.
I, JOHN GRIFFITH WILLIAMS, of Blaenavon, in the County of
Monmouth, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, COOLING, AND FERMENTING
LIQUIDS, AND FOR INFUSING, ATTEMPERATING, AND MASHING, ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE
IN BREWING AND DISTILLING," to be as follows :—
I provide a large back or tub containing a revolving coil with two or
more arms furnished with gear for working the same by hand or steam
power. This coil has a shaft with two hollow ends perforated at each
end for the admission of steam or cold water to traverse the coils. At
top is a steam inlet and a cold water inlet at bottom, the outlets being
in positions the reverse of the above, or vice versa. A hop sieve or.
other receptacle is to be fixed between the arms of the coil to revolve
with the machine or other receptacle, the hops to be removable at
pleasure. The apparatus can be constructed of any size that may bo
found requisite.

page_text: For mashing I have a hopper, from which malt drops into an inclined
trough provided with wooden or other pegs, and is supplied with water
by suitable pipes provided with cocks or valves; this water comes in
contact with the malt falling into the trough, and the action is to break
and thoroughly mix before falling on the cone of the mash tun, causing
a perfect mash, the mash tun being provided with cones and spargers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND SHUTTING THE HEADS OF Landaus and othER CARRIAGES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Richard Coward at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th January 1872.
I, THOMAS RICHARD COWARD, of North Brixton, in the County of
Surrey, Coach Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES OR APPARATUS FOR OPENING AND SHUTTING
THE HEADS OF Landaus and othER CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
To the cantrail of the carriage which is hinged to the pillar top
I (by means of a fixed axis secured to said cantrail) attach, free to work
on said axis, a lever, the other or lower end of which lever is secured
(free to work) to a fixed axis which is secured to the "elbow" in the
carriage frame. The lower end of this lover it is preferred to provide
with a quadrant projection with a notch which is to work in connexion
with a guide nut or stud so as to keep the pillar top in proper position
with the pillar when the door is shut, and opposite this quadrant
arrangement (to a projecting piece as preferred) the end of a connecting
chain or connector is secured, the other end of which is connected to a
barrel spring, or other similar spring, the barrel being secured to the
carriage frame.

page_text: In use, when the pillar top is pressed back, the cantrail is thereby
moved and the lever which is connected to the cantrail is moved there-
with, and the spring attached to the lever drawn out so as to allow the
pillar top to be pushed down completely, the cantrail being thrown
out in a line with the pillar top and so remaining until some one pushes
it up again.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR APPLYING ADHESIVE SUBSTANCES TO SPINDLES EMPLOYED IN SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Whitworth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
August 1872.
I, JOHN WHITWORTH, of Royton, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR APPLYING ADHESIVE SUBSTANCES TO SPINDLES EMPLOYED IN
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
66
This Invention relates to an apparatus designed for applying paste or
size to the first few coils of yarn on the spindles of self-acting mules for
the purpose of causing the said coils to adhere together and form a solid
cop bottom," and consists of a metallic casing to hold a brush, and a
cylindrical receptacle for the paste or size, which is provided with a lip
for regulating the amount of paste or size supplied to the brush. The
lower part of the casing is formed with a recess to contain a long flat
brush, and the back and upper part are formed partly cylindrical, so as
to hold and clip the cylindrical shaped receiver which contains the paste
or size.
This receiver is provided with an orifice having a screw cap for
charging it with paste or size, and with a longitudinal slit or opening,

page_text: and a lip or flange which allows of the escape of the paste or size, and
guides it on to the brush. By turning the paste or size receiver slightly
round in the cylindrical part of the case the lip or flange is caused
to compress the brush more or less, and thus allow of the escape of a
smaller or larger quantity of paste or size at the option of the person
using the apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METERS FOR MEASURING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Richard Hollands, of 37, Newington
Green, in the County of Middlesex, William Maker, of 8, Milton
Road, South Hornsey, in the County of Middlesex, and Charles
Henry Jefferies, of 8, Milton Road, South Hornsey, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN METERS FOR
MEASURING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS."
Sealed the 6th August 1872, and dated the 1st June 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Richard
Hollands, William Maker, and Charles Henry Jefferies at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
1st June 1872.
We, EDWARD RICHARD HOLLANDS, of 37, Newington Green, in the
County of Middlesex, WILLIAM MAKER, of 8, Milton Road, South
Hornsey, in the County of Middlesex, and CHARLES HENRY JEFFERIES,
of 8, Milton Road, South Hornsey, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
METERS FOR MEASURING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in meters for measuring

page_text: water and other fluids. For this purpose we form a meter with two
measuring chambers, each having an inlet and an outlet passage fitted
with valves. The inlet and outlet valves for each chamber are connected
to lever arms carried on an axis in such manner that when the inlet
valve of either chamber is open, the outlet valve of that chamber is
closed, or if the outlet is open the inlet is closed, and the lever arms are
also so connected to the axis that when the outlet from one chamber is
closed the other is open, and vice versa. To the lever arm, which is
connected to the outlet valve of one chamber, is affixed a float, when
the float is in its lowest position the inlet to the chamber containing the
float is open and the outlet is closed, the chamber then fills with water,
the float during this time being prevented from rising by a catch; when
the chamber is full, the pressure or weight of the water in the chamber
by acting upon a diaphragm or float releases the catch, the float then at
once rises and changes the position of the valves, and at the same time
the lever is again caught by the catch. The chamber in which is the
float then empties whilst the other chamber fills, and so soon as this
latter chamber is full the water in it acting upon a float or diaphragm
again releases the catch and the float which then acts as a weight drops,
and so again reverses the valves and the same operation is repeated. The
lever arms carried by the axis before mentioned are also connected to
the stems of the several valves, that the inlets are closed before the
outlets are opened, or the outlets closed before opening the inlets.
In order to ensure that each chamber of the meter shall empty each
time that its outlet valve is opened, the meter is arranged to discharge
into a cistern in which is a float, which if the cistern becomes full,
either shuts off the inlet of water to the meter or prevents the move-
ment of the diaphragms or floats, the proper working of the meter is
thus ensured.
A NEW OR IMPROVED INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURE OF ACETATE OF ALUMINA, AND THE TREATMENT OF THE RESULTING PRODUCTS,
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Farnham Maxwell Lyte at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th November 1872.-A communication from Henri Storck,
Edouard Hentsch, Auguste Hentsch, André Lutscher, and Frederic
Grininger, constituting the Firm of Storck and Company, residing
at Asnières, near Paris, France.
I, FARNHAM MAXWELL LYTE, Chemist, of the Firm of Storck and Co.,.
Asnières, France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURE OF ACETATE OF ALUMINA, AND
THE TREATMENT OF THE RESULTING PRODUCTS," a communication to me by
Henri Storck, Edouard Hentsch, Auguste Hentsch, André Lutscher,
and Frederic Grininger, constituting the Firm of Storck and Company,
residing at Asnières, near Paris, France, to be as follows:-
This Invention refers to the manufacturing of acetate of alumina.
In carrying out this Invention I convert phosphate of alumina into
acid phosphate by dissolving it into phosphoric acid. To the liquor I
add some acetate of lead in proportionate quantity to that of phosphoric
acid therein, that is to say, containing enough lead to precipitate the

page_text: whole phosphoric acid, soluble acetate of alumina and unsoluble
phosphate of lead are formed, I separate the acetate of alumina by
filtration, which I treat afterwards similarly to that obtained by double
decomposition with sulphate of alumina for industrial purposes. As to
the phosphate of lead I use it to produce pure phosphoric acid, de-
composing it by sulphuric acid or sulphuretted hydrogen, or a phosphate
is formed thereof in treating it by an alkaline sulphide, or it may be
mixed with charcoal for producing phosphorus by distillation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TABLETS TO BE USED FOR THE GAME OF DOMINOES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th October 1872.-A communication from abroad by Bazile
Louineau, Advocate, of Sables d'Olonnes (Vendée) France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No 11, Wellington Street, Strand,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TABLETS TO BE USED
FOR THE GAME OF DOMINOES," a communication to me from abroad by
Bazile Louineau, Advocate, of Sables d'Olonnes (Vendée) France, to be
as follows:-
The tablets or dominoes the subject of this Invention have colored
points, dots, or marks, they will be 36 in number, and may be
made of bone, ivory, metal in imitation of silver, or of other suitable
material. The face of the tablets will be colored white, the back
of a darker color. They will have a length of about 2 inches,
by a breadth of about one inch. The collection of 36 tablets will be
enclosed in a box with sliding cover, and thus delivered to commerce.
Each of these tablets will have two compartments, separated by a
blue and a red line, leaving white between them. Each of these

page_text: compartments will receive the spots, points, or marks, which appear
upon the tablets of the ordinary game of dominoes, but with this
difference, that the ordinary tablets are only 28 in number, and have
blacks spots or points, whereas those the subject of this Invention
are 36 in number, and have points or spots of varied colors. The
ordinary game of dominoes has 168 spots or points, this has 252. In
blue there are 6 ace spots or points, 6 deuce points, 6 points 3, 6 points
4, 6 points 5, and 6 points 6. In red there are 6 acc points, 6 points
2, 6 points 3, 6 points 4, 6 points 5, and 6 points 6.
compartments will receive the spots, points, or marks, which appear
upon the tablets of the ordinary game of dominoes, but with this
difference, that the ordinary tablets are only 28 in number, and have
blacks spots or points, whereas those the subject of this Invention
are 36 in number, and have points or spots of varied colors. The
ordinary game of dominoes has 168 spots or points, this has 252. In
blue there are 6 acc spots or points, 6 deuce points, 6 points 3, 6 points
4,6 points 5, and 6 points 6. In red there are 6 acc points, 6 points
2, 6 points 3, 6 points 4, 6 points 5, and 6 points 6.
The nature of this Invention will be at once understood, by reference
to the accompanying colored Sheet of Drawing forming part of this
Provisional Specification.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Rieber, of Islington, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
THE PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES."
Scaled the 10th December 1872, and dated the 15th June 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Rieber at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th June 1872.
I, JOHN RIEBER, of Islington, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR THE PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improved apparatus for propelling vehicles
by manual instead of horse power; and consists in the combination
with a crank or cranks on the driving axle of a long lever mounted
on a fulcrum on the framework of the carriage, and connected by its

page_text: short extremity to the crank by a suitable rod. The longer end of the
lever is provided with a handle, and may be weighted if thought
necessary to assist the operator, a spring cushion being provided on
the framework for the lever to abut against to prevent shocks.
I prefer to employ a three-throw cranked axle, each crank being
provided with a hand lever to be similarly operated, the three levers
being worked in succession to equalize the motion.
Gear for multiplying the power may be provided on the driving axle
to be used for ascending hills, which gear is thrown into action when
required by means of a clutch.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INHALING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR HEATING MEDICAL BATHS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert James Lee at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th November 1872.
4
I, ROBERT JAMES LEE, of 28, Maddox Street, Regent Street, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INHALING APPARATUS, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR
HEATING MEDICAL BATHS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is mainly to enable invalids suffering
from bronchitis or diseases of the throat to readily inhale a warm moist
atmosphere. For this purpose I mount a small copper boiler at the top
of a metal casing or stand, which is formed to receive a lamp below the
boiler; through the upper part of the boiler is passed a tube open at
both ends, into this tube near its centre a small pipe is led from the
interior of the upper part of the boiler, and the end of the small pipe is
formed into a jet parallel with the tube and centrally within it. At the
top of the boiler is a screw plug carrying a small safety valve.
When the boiler is heated by the lamp a jet of steam is thrown from
the jet before mentioned along the centre of the tube and the steam jet

page_text: draws the air in the tube along with it. The stream of air so carried
through the tube is not only heated in its passage but is also supplied
with moisture by the steam. To the end of the tube from which the
stream of moist heated air issues may be attached a pipe of vulcanized
india-rubber terminating in a suitable mouth piece, and the air as it
passes from the mouth piece can readily be inhaled by a patient even
when lying in bed.
The apparatus is also applicable for supplying a stream of heated air
to medical baths. Usually these baths have been heated by a lamp
placed below the chair or couch upon which the patient rests and within
the covering by which the patient is enveloped.
By using the apparatus above described the lamps may be situated
outside of this covering, and a stream of warm air be directed into it
through the flexible pipe.
If it be desired to still further heat the stream of air, the open end of
the tube through which the stream of air is drawn in by the steam jet
may have connected to it another metal pipe which is led through the
metal case or stand so that it shall be heated by the lamp, the incoming
stream of air will then have to pass through a longer length of heated
pipe.
AN IMPROVED LINING FOR FIREPROOF SAPES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Henry Hammond Nickson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 20th February 1872.
I, PHILIP HENRY HAMMOND NICKSON, of Newton-on-the-Hill, in
the County of Salop, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "AN IMPROVED LINING FOR FIREPROOF SAPES," to be as
follows:-
Hitherto the lining which has been employed to render safes fireproof
has generally consisted of some chemical material or composition. The
mistake of this has proved to be that from time to time the lining must
be renewed or its efficiency is materially lessened; and lately, in the
great fire of Chicago none of the linings there employed to render safes
fireproof were found to be sufficiently effectual as to withstand the
continued heat with which they were assailed.
I propose therefore instead of any of these chemical or other com-
positions to use as a lining sheets of mica, which is a well-known finely
foliated mineral of a pearly metallic lustre, and is flexible and elastic.
It is now used instead of glass to enclose the fire without concealing the

page_text: flame in certain stoves, and when used according to my Invention as a
lining for safes will effectually prevent destruction of the same by fire.
The sheets of mica employed may be of course of any required thickness,
and should be so arranged as to carefully dovetail the one into the other
when the safe is closed, so that there may be a complete junction of the 5
mica lining.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING CASES, OR BOXES FOR CONTAINING CLOTHES AND OTHER NECESSARY ARTICLES USED BY TRAVELLERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Joseph Everickx at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th January 1872.
I, CHARLES JOSEPH EVERICKX, of 30, Cannon Street, in the City
of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING CASES,
OR BOXES FOR CONTAINING CLOTHES AND OTHER NECESSARY ARTICLES USED BY
TRAVELLERS," to be as follows:-
The portmanteaus, travelling cases, or boxes which form the subject
of the present Invention, consist of an outer case made of wood,
metal, or other rigid substance, and provided with a pair of doors
which open on vertical hinges, and a hollow lid which is hinged to
the back of the case. In this lid are recesses to receive various
toilet articles such as combs, brushes, looking-glass, sponge bag or
box, or writing materials. The sides of the box or case are held
together at the back by the vertical back piece, and at the bottom by
the foundation plate, and at the top part of the front by a shallow box
or frame in which is placed a moveable tray, for containing writing

page_text: materials or toilet requisites. This moveable tray is mounted on hinged
bars which are jointed at one end to the tray, and at the other to
the sides of the case or box. The hindermost bars have knuckle
joints and are also connected to the lid of the case, so that when the
lid is lifted up on its hinges to open the box or case it will by means
of the jointed bars raise the moveable tray into an elevated and forward
position, so that it may if desired be used as a writing desk. Below
this moveable tray are three, four, or more drawers, which rest on ledges
affixed to the sides of the box.
The inside faces of the front doors are also provided with ledges,
which are continuations of those fixed inside the box, so that the
drawers may be pulled out and supported on these ledges for the
convenience of unpacking.
The box or case may be secured by a lock or other equivalent device
to secure the contents from being tampered with.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF FITTING A PORTABLE COVERING Or LEATHER OR OTHER SOFT AND NON-SLIPPERY MATERIAL TO THE SHOES OF HORSES OR OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Atkinson Ellis at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th June 1872.
I, THOMAS ATKINSON ELLIS, of No. 20, High Holborn, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF FITTING A PORTABLE COVERING Or
LEATHER OR OTHER SOFT AND NON-SLIPPERY MATERIAL TO THE SHOES OF HORSES OR
OTHER ANIMALS," to be as follows:―
My new or improved method of fitting a portable covering of leather
or other soft and non-slippery material to the shoes of horses or
other animals, consists in forming of spring steel or other elastic and
suitable material a kind of narrow semi-elliptical band fitting to the
inner edge of the shoe. This band has three or more clips turned down
from each edge so as to fit and secure the band firmly upon the shoe.
The clips which fit upon the wearing surface of the shoe are pierced,
and two or more pieces of stout leather, making together the size and
shape of the shoe, are fitted to the clips by lead rivits. These lead rivits
to afford greater
have projecting and rounded heads or "bosses"

page_text: durability. Such rivits may also be placed at intervals round the entire
leather shoe.
In certain cases the shoes are "notched" upon their inner edge at the
heel, and when the apparatus is put into its place the ends catch in the
"notches" and prevent its being pulled off until the spring is released
by hand. It will be understood the apparatus can be put on and removed.
at pleasure by simply pressing the ends of the semi-elliptical band
together until the clips are brought clear of the shoe. Also the leather
shoes and lead rivits can be replaced (after being worn) without providing
a fresh steel band.
I do not confine myself to the use of leather, but may use gutta
percha, india-rubber, or any suitable material having like non-slippery
properties.
AN APPARatus BY MEANS OF WHICH COMPRESSED AIR MAY BE USED INSTEAD OF STEAM AS A MOTIVE POWER FOR WORKING ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. left by Frederick Cole and Ralph.
George Acton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th July 1872.
L
We, FREDERICK COLE, of No. 186, Albany. Road, Camberwell, in
the County of Surrey, out of business, and RALPH GEORGE ACTON, of
No. 99, Thames Street, Greenwich, in the County of Kent, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN APPARatus BY
MEANS OF WHICH COMPRESSED AIR MAY BE USED INSTEAD OF STEAM AS A MOTIVE
POWER FOR WORKING ENGINES," to be as follows:-
:-
We construct a machine of the following description and place the
whole of the undermentioned parts in an air-tight iron vessel. Two
balance weights of a weight proportioned to the power it is desired to
employ are attached to long vertical side rods dependent from a centre
horizontal shaft which works a horizontal transverse beam. To each
end of the beam is attached a plunger working in a cylinder and forming
a double action pump. Each of these cylinders communicates with a
separate valve chamber fitted with two valves, the lower or suction valve
covering a suction pipe introduced into the lower part of the iron vessel,

page_text: and communicating with the external air, and the upper or delivery
valve permitting the escape of the compressed air from the valve
chamber (on the descent of the plunger) into the air-tight iron vessel.
The side rods act by means of a crank within the iron vessel, and the
rod passing through the side of the iron vessel attached to the driving
shaft of the engine which is to be worked.
The mode of working the machine is as follows:-In order to get up
the requisite pressure of atmospheric air for starting the engine which is
to be worked, the balance weights are caused to oscillate by hand. This
movement starts the plungers which alternately make an upward and
downward stroke; by its upward stroke each plunger draws the air
through its suction pipe, lifting its suction valve, and by its downward
stroke the same plunger closes its suction valve and opens its delivery
valve, thus filling the iron vessel with compressed air. When by this
means a sufficient pressure of air within the iron vessel has been
obtained, the side rods of the balance weights are attached by means of
the crank within the iron vessel and the rod passing through the side of
the iron vessel to the driving shaft of the engine which is to be worked,
and the compressed air which is to be used instead of steam is conducted
to the slide valve of the engine by a pipe leading thereto from the
air-tight iron vessel. The movement thus commenced then continues;
the engine is set in motion by the elasticity of the compressed air, and
the balance weights are kept to full swing by their gearing with the
driving shaft of the engine, and by the reciprocal action thus set up the
air-tight vessel is kept supplied with compressed air of high elasticity
with which the supply pipe of the engine is in its turn fed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO POUCHES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles William Meiter,
Thomas William Smith, and Carlo Minasi at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 19th
November 1872.
•
We, CHARLES WILLIAM MEITER, and Thomas WILLIAM SMITH, both
of 85 and 87, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, and CABLO
MINASI, of Bayham Street, Camden Town, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TOBACCO POUCHES," to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to bag pouches made of india-rubber, or partly of
india-rubber and partly of a woven or textile fabric. Take for example
tobacco pouches now in use, the lower part of which is of india-rubber
and the upper part of woven material affixed to the india-rubber, and
the opening fitted with strings for closing the same. Pouches thus made
are found inconvenient for use from the strings frequently breaking,
and the difficulty of taking out the tobacco without wasting it.
These objections we propose to remedy by manufacturing pouches in
the following manner :- -We form the bottom and india-rubber portion

page_text: flat, and connect the upper part of woven material thereto by sewing;
and instead of employing strings at the mouth of the pouch, we connect
at such part a ring of india-rubber, which forms an open mouth large
enough to give easy access to the interior of the pouch. To close a
pouch thus made it is simply necessary to twist the woven fabric and
draw the aforesaid elastic ring over the edges of the bottom of the
pouch, thereby effectually closing the pouch and enclosing the contents
thereof. A reverse movement of the aforesaid ring will open the pouch
ready for use. The mouth of the pouch is thus always open, and is
simply reversed when the pouch is out of use as above stated. We
propose to make the reversible part of the pouch ornamental as well as
the outside thereof.
In making pouches wholly of india-rubber or other flexible material
according to this Invention the improvement consists in applying the
aforesaid elastic ring to the mouth of the pouch, and instead of making
the twist in the material in its manufacture, as now practised, we make
the pouch without such twist, and twist the pouch round by hand to
close it as before stated.