A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED TO PREVENT THE OXIDATION OF IRON, THE FOULING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS, AND OTHER SUBMERGED THINGS, AND PRESERVING WOOD FROM DECAY AND FROM WORMS, AND ALSO PRESERVING IRON AND WOOD EXPOSED TO THE ACTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Blackhurst, of No. 128, Conway Street,
Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, Innkeeper, for the Invention of
"A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED TO PREVENT THE OXIDATION
OF IRON, THE FOULING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS, AND OTHER SUBMERGED THINGS,
AND PRESERVING WOOD FROM DECAY AND FROM WORMS, AND ALSO PRESERVING
IRON AND WOOD EXPOSED TO THE ACTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE."
Sealed the 27th March 1868, and dated the 10th October 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Blackhurst at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th October 1867.
I, THOMAS BLACKHURST, of No. 128, Conway Street, Birkenhead, in the
County of Chester, Innkeeper, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED TO PREVENT THE
OXIDATION OF IRON, THE FOULING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS, AND OTHER SUBMERGED
THINGS, AND PRESERVING WOOD FROM DECAY AND FROM WORMS, AND ALSO
PRESERVING IRON AND WOOD EXPOSED TO THE ACTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in preserving or protecting iron and wood, and
preventing the oxidation of iron, the fouling of ships' bottoms, and other
submerged things, and for preserving wood from decay and from worms,
and also preserving iron and wood exposed to the action of the atmosphere.
To prevent the oxidation of iron and the fouling of ships' bottoms and
other submerged things, and preserving wood from decay and from worms,

page_text: and also preserving iron and wood exposed to the action of the atmosphero
I use a mixture or composition of crude naptha or naptha and pitch, or a
mixture or composition of creosote and pitch obtained by distillation or
otherwise from all kinds of mineral and vegitable tars, including gas tar, coul
tar, wood tar, tar from bitumens and asphaltes, tar from peat and turf, or from
shale or schist, and all other means already known. I use the improvement's
in equal proportions or thereabouts, so as to produce a mixture or compound
equal to the consistency of paint. My mixture or composition is applied
with a brush or otherwise whilst in a cold state.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Blackhurst in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
BLACKHURST, of No. 128, Conway Street, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Innkeeper, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Blackhurst, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Blackhurst,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Blackhurst, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
COMPOSITION TO BE USED TO PREVENT THE OXIDATION OF IRON, THE FOULING OF
SHIPS BOTTOMS, AND OTHER SUBMERGED THINGS, AND PRESERVING WOOD FROM
DECAY AND FROM WORMS, AND ALSO PRESERVING IRON AND WOOD EXPOSED TO THE
ACTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Thomas Blackhurst, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, aud cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Blackburst, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement:-
My Invention relates to the preparation of a composition which I use to
prevent the oxidation of iron, and for the preservation of wood from decay
and from worms, also for preserving iron and wood exposed to the action
of the atmosphere, and is particularly intended for presenting the fouling of
ships' bottoms and other submerged surfaces. The composition is made
of pitch and crude naphtha or light oil, the said pitch being the residuum after
distillation of coal gas tar; the crude naphtha or light oil is the first runnings
from the still in the process of distillation of coal gas tar, the specific gravity
of which is usually about 900", water being 1000". I mix these ingredients
together in very nearly the following proportions, namely:-pitch 1 lb., crude
naphtha or light oil 4 oz. to 6 oz. ; I then put these ingredients into a vessel,
taking care to stir them occasionally until the pitch is dissolved or has arrived
at the consistency of paint; or when I consider it necessary to apply heat to
aid in dissolving the pitch, I take the requisite quantity of the said pitch and
heat it either by fire or steam until it is melted, and then I add enough
of crude naphtha or light oil to give to the mixture the consistency of paint,
and when cool the same is ready for use.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be used or carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that
under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim, a compound composed
substantially of the ingredients herein-before named and described for the
above purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Blackhurst, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
LEWIS HENRY,
Solicitor,
Liverpool.
THOS. BLACKHURST. (LS.)