IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING BITUMINOUS ROCK BONES, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Josiah Jupp, of Thomas Street, Burdett
"
66
Road, Limehouse, in the County of Middlesex, Contractor, for the
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING
BITUMINOUS ROCK BONES, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.”
Sealed the 3rd May 1872, and dated the 9th February 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Josiah Jupp at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th February 1872.
•
I, HENRY JOSIAH JUPP, of Thomas Street, Burdett Road, Limehouse,
5 in the County of Middlesex, Contractor, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR
REDUCING BITUMINOUS, ROCK, BONES, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
• The obiect of this Invention is the construction of apparatus in such

page_text: jections tapered to a point at the rear or lower end, so that there is an
inclined portion on each side of the rear end of each projection. The
material to be treated is acted on by the front or higher end of the
projection, and carried on to the tapered portion and acted on thereby.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Josiah Jupp in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
JOSIAH JUPP, of Thomas Street, Burdett Road, Limehouse, in the
County of Middlesex, Contractor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in
the thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry Josiah Jupp, Her
special licence that I, the said Henry Josiah Jupp, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Josiah Jupp,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BREAKING OR REDUCING BITUMINOUS ROCK, BONES, AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Henry Josiah Jupp, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: panying viawings, and to me it and gum moon, that is
to say :-
The object of this Invention is the construction of apparatus in such
manner as to break or reduce bituminous rock, also bones and other
substances.
The apparatus is especially advantageous when used for reducing
substances of more or less tenacity which are liable when reduced by
ordinary apparatus to clog such apparatus.
The apparatus consists of a drum or large roller and of two (or more)
smaller drums or rollers. There is a space between the drums or rollers.
The smaller rollers are so disposed that one of them is nearer to the large
roller than is the other of such smaller rollers. The material to be
reduced is first fed to and acted on between the large roller and one of
the smaller rollers, the one farther from the large roller, and then it
passes on and is acted on between the other small roller and the large
roller.
The rollers, that is to say, the drum or large roller and the smaller
rollers, are formed in the following manner :-The periphery of each
roller consists of alternate circular projections and depressions, that is to
say, the periphery is so formed as to present circular ridges and circular
grooves or recesses alternately.
On the rims of the projecting part or ridges are curved projections or:
teeth. Each such projection is so formed that it presents a somewhat
ratchet tooth appearance when the roller is seen endwise. The projection
is curved; it is depressed and tapers towards the rear end where it is
bevilled at the edges; but it rises so as to present a butt surface towards
the front end. The front portion of each projection draws the material
to be treated onward, and usually splits it lengthwise while presenting it
to the action of the tapering, pointed, and bevilled portion of the pro-
jection which breaks and reduces it. Such portion of the material as is
not carried onward slips into the depressions or grooves between the
projections or ridges, and it is cleared out by clearing bars or plates so
adjusted as to act in the depressions or grooves. The small rollers are
so placed with respect to the large roller that the projecting parts of the

page_text: the.axis b, to which rotary motion is communicated as described. On
each side or lateral face of each disc is a collar, flange, or neck 6*. When
the discs are on the axis b, the collars, flanges, or necks 6* of each disc
are in contact at their edges with the collars, flanges, or necks of the
adjoining discs. Hence the periphery of the roller presents a series of
alternate circular ridges or projecting parts or rims B*, and of circular
recesses or depressions 62, 62, the ridges being formed by the peripheries
of the discs B*, and the recesses or depressions 6* being formed by the
spaces between the discs, at the bottom of which spaces are the collars
or flanges 6*; any number of discs may be keyed on the axis b. On the
rim or periphery of each disc are a number of curved teeth or projec-
tions k, k, of peculiar shape. Each projection has a curved or inclined
surface. In profile it somewhat resembles a ratchet tooth. It is curved
or inclined gradually downwards towards one end so as to be, so to
speak, depressed towards that end, and it tapers or is gradually reduced
in width towards that end, and terminates in a very narrow or thin
longitudinal knife-like portion. The projection or tooth at its opposite
end, that is to say, the end towards which it curves or inclines upward,
and towards which it becomes broader, presents a butt surface or flat
front.. The sides or edges of the projection or tooth k are bevelled
from the butt end to the narrow thin end, which latter portion extends
to the butt or front flat end of the next adjoining tooth or projection k,
and so on. To explain this more fully I have marked letters of reference
in the perspective view Figure 3, and detached view Figure 9, to indicate
details. Here ¹ shews the butt end; k³, the curved (or inclined) and
tapering surface; ", the bevelled edges; k³, the long thin narrow

page_text: rounded than the projections k of the roller B. One of the smaller
rollers C is placed over the roller D at some little distance therefrom, so
that a space is left between the rollers C, D. The rollers C and D are so
placed as to work in combination with the roller B, that is to say, in such
manner that material fed between the rollers B and C shall be acted on
by those rollers, and that such material after having been acted on by
and between the rollers B and C shall pass between the roller B and the
roller D, and be acted on by and between those rollers. The roller D is
placed nearer to the roller B than is the roller C, so that there is a wider
space between C and B than between D and B. The rollers C and D
are most conveniently so placed with respect to the roller B that the
circular ridges or projecting parts B* of the roller B come opposite to or
in front of the recessed or depressed parts of the rollers C and D, and
vice versa, that is to say, the circular ridges or projecting parts of the
rollers C and D come opposite to or in front of the recessed or depressed
parts of the roller B. This arrangement is clearly shewn in the
fragmentary view, Figure 8. Of course it is understood that by the
expression circular ridges or projecting parts, I refer to the rims of the
discs, which rims carry the teeth or projections k, k², and by the
expression recessed and depressed parts I refer to the spaces between
the projecting or tooth-bearing rims formed by the juxtaposition of
the necks, collars, or flanges on the discs.
The bituminous rock or other substance to be acted on is fed through
any ordinary suitable shoot or hopper to the space between the rollers B
and C, and is acted on by the projections or teeth k, k², on the disc
rims or circular ridges B*, C*, of such rollers. The rock or substance
then falls to the space between the rollers B and D, and is acted on by
the projections or teeth k, k², on the disc rims or circular ridges B*, D*,
of such rollers.
An ordinary receptacle is provided to receive the substances after they
have been operated upon.
.
L, L, are blades or narrow plates for the purpose of clearing out
the bituminous rock or other substance acted on from the interval
or spaces b³ between the discs or ridges B*. There is one such blade
or clearer L to each interval b². All the clearers L are carried by
an adjustable bar held in sockets in the framework A. This bar
is attached to a weighted lever so that if very hard substances pass
under the clearers the bar lifts them and prevents them from breaking.

page_text: M, M, are double armed clearers or blades. One arm of each
clearer M clears pieces of the rock or other substance acted on from
the spaces C² between the ridges C* of the roller C, and the other arm
of the said clearer clears pieces of the rock or substance from the
spaces d² between the ridges D* of the roller D. There is one such
clearer M for each interval of the rollers, and they are held on an
adjustable bar m provided with weighted lever like the clearers L of the
roller B.
1
There may be of course more than three rollers B, C, D, or there
may be only two rollers, a large one B, and a smaller one C or D,
the arrangement being in other respects similar to that above par-
ticularly described in reference to the Drawings.
The description of substance for the crushing or reduction of which
this apparatus is specially applicable is bituminous rock such as
asphalte, especially for the preparation of pavements or roadway sur-
faces. It is also very useful for crushing bones and other substances
of more or less tenacious character likely to clog apparatus ordinarily
heretofore used for the purpose of breaking, crushing, or reducing the
same.
The rollers being arranged as I have described, and the teeth or
projections of such rollers being constructed as I have described, the
bituminous rock or other matter to be acted on is thoroughly crushed,
broken, or reduced, but is thrown off from the crushing edges or
surfaces, and cleared by the clearers so that it cannot either before
or after being crushed or broken clog the teeth of the rollers.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same may be performed, I declare that I claim,―
First. The form and construction of tooth or projection k, k²,
before described.
herein-
Second. The improved drum or roller herein-before described, con-
sisting of a number of discs or circular ridges having teeth or
projections constructed as explained on their rims or peripheries, and
with alternated or intervening recesses or depressions, all constructed
as set forth.
Third. The machine or apparatus in which are employed and com-
bined two, three, or more drums or rollers provided with projections, and

page_text: with clearing blades or clearers arranged, constructed, and operated in
the manner set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Josiah Jupp, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
Witness,
E. EDMONDS,
68, Fleet Street,
London.
H. J. JUPP. (L.S.)