IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS OR BOILERS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Eustace Wigzell and Joseph Pollit, Engineers,
of the Firm of Timothy Bates and Co., Sowerby Bridge, in the.
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
GENERATORS OR BOILERS."
Sealed the 20th October 1873, and dated the 6th May 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eustace Wigzell and
Joseph Pollit at the Office of the Commisioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 6th May 1873.
We, EUSTACE WIGZELL and JOSEPH POLLIT, Engineers, of the Firm
of Timothy Bates and Co., Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM GENERATORS OR BOILERS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to employing cylindrical tubes in which are
fitted metal pipes of small diameter giving a large heating surface, and
in forming a central fire chamber, which plan is especially adapted
for marine boilers. For this purpose we employ sets of four cylindrical

page_text: metal tubes placed one above the other, connected together by means of
pipes fitted near the front and back of the metal tubes; the cylindrical
tubes so connected are placed in a row; the bottom tubes touch each
other leaving the under parts exposed to the fire and have no metal
small pipes fitted therein; man-holes are fitted to each tube for the
purpose of cleaning them when required.
The second and third set of cylindrical tubes are fitted with small
metal pipes through which pass the fire gases and heat, giving an
additional heat to the water circulating in the tubes; the fourth set of
tubes are closed at each end and have no small pipes, they serve
partially as steam chests; on the top of this fourth set of tubes is fitted.
a steam chest extending from end to end of the boiler and connected
together by means of pipes fixed near the end of the fourth set of
tubes.
The power of the steam generator or boiler depends on the number of
sets of cylindrical tubes employed, and these sets and rows of tubes
are fitted one opposite the other and aro inclined towards the front,
allowing by these means the sediment to fall to the front. A space
is left between the two rows of cylindrical tubes in the centre, forming
a fire chamber; the fire produced by the fuel acts first on the bottoms
of the first set of tubes, passing in the central fire chamber, acting on the
outside of the second and third sets of cylindrical tubes, and on the
inside of the small metal pipes, passing on through a flue or uptake
fitted in front of the steam generator or boiler, then on the outside of
the fourth set of cylindrical tubes and through a flue or uptake into the 2
chimney.
To each three sets and rows of tubes, or more, is fitted a fire-place;
these fire-places are short in length, allowing the fire and heat to travel
in and out of the tubes and small metal pipes.
The fourth set of tubes acting partially as steam chests, and being a
fitted in a heated flue or chamber superheats the steam contained
therein.
The second and third sets of cylindrical tubes in which are fixed the
small metal pipes, are fitted with doors for the purpose of cleaning the
outside of the small pipes when required.
རྞ བྷ

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Eustace Wigzell and Joseph Pollit in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 6th November 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, EUSTACE
WIGZELL and JOSEPH POLLIT, Engineers, of the Firm of Timothy
Bates and Co., Sowerby Bridge, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Eustace Wigzell and Joseph Pollit,
Her special licence that we, the said Eustace Wigzell and Joseph
Pollit, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others aș
we, the said Eustace Wigzell and Joseph Pollit, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS OR
BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Eustace
Wigzell and Joseph Pollit, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and
scals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Eustace Wigzell and Joseph
Pollit, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to
the Drawing hereto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to employing cylindrical tubes in which
are fitted metal pipes of small diameter giving a large heating surface,
and in forming a central fire chamber, which arrangement. is especially

page_text: adapted for marine boilers. For this purpose we employ sets of four
cylindrical metal tubes placed one above the other connected together
by means of pipes fitted near the front and back of the metal tubes; the
cylindrical tubes so connected are placed in a row; the bottom tubes
touch each other leaving the under parts exposed to the fire and have no
metal small pipes fitted therein; man-holes are fitted to each tube for
the purpose of cleaning them when required.
The second and third sets of cylindrical tubes are fitted with small
metal pipes through which pass the fire, gases, and heat, giving an
additional heat to the water circulating in the tubes; the fourth set of
tubes are closed at each end and have no small pipes, they serve
partially as steam chests; on the top of this fourth set of tubes are
fitted steam chests extending from end to end of the boiler and con-
nected together by means of pipes fixed near the end of the fourth set
of tubes.
The power of the steam generator or boiler depends on the number of
sets of cylindrical tubes employed, and these sets and rows of tubes
are fitted one opposite the other, and are inclined towards the front,
allowing by these means the sediment to fall to the front. A space is
left between the two rows of cylindrical tubes in the centre forming a
fire chamber; the fire produced by the fuel acts first on the bottoms of
the first set of tubes, and passing into the central fire chamber acts on
the outside of the second and third sets of cylindrical tubes, and on
the inside of the small metal pipes, passing on through a flue or uptake
fitted in front of the steam generator or boiler, then on the outside of the
fourth set of cylindrical tubes and through a flue or uptake into the
chimney.
To each three sets and rows of tubes is fitted a fire-place, these fire-
places are short in length, allowing the fire and heat to travel in and out
of the tubes and small metal pipes.
;
The fourth set of tubes acting partially as steam chests, and being.
fitted in a heated flue or chamber, superheats the steam contained therein.:
The second or third set of cylindrical tubes in which are fixed the
small metal pipes are fitted with doors for the purpose of cleansing the
outside of the small pipes when required.
But in order to enable our improvements to be better understood, we.
will proceed to more particularly describe the same by reference to the:

page_text: accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 represents à sectional side
view of a marine boiler, Figure 2 a front view shewn partially in
section, and Figure 3 a plan of the same. Similar letters of reference
are used in all the Figures to represent similar parts.
:
:
A; A¹; A³, and A³, are cylindrical tubes placed in a row and connected
together by means of the pipes B; these cylindrical tubes touch each
other at the centre parts leaving the under parts C exposed to the fire
and heated gases, the bottom tubes A are water tubes closed at each
end, they are fitted with man-holes D for the purpose of cleansing them
when required; the cylindrical tubes A, 'A', A³, and A', are inclined.
towards the front to allow the sediment to fall to thic front..
The second and third-rows of tubes A¹ and A³ are fitted with small
metal pipes E (but we lay no claim to the employment of such small
pipes), through which pass the fire and heated gases, giving an
additional heat to the water circulating therein, these tubes are fitted
with doors for the purpose of cleansing the outside of the small pipes
when required.
J
A
The fourth set of tubes As are closed at each end and serve partially
as steam chests; on the top of these tubes are fitted pipes F to which
are fixed steam chests G extending from end to end of the boiler.
central fire chamber I is formed at the back of the tubes; the fire and
heated gases act first on the bottoms of the tubes A, pass into the
central fire chamber I, and act on the outside of the second and third
sets of tubes A¹ and A³, and on the inside of the small metal pipes E,
and pass on through the flue or uptake J fitted in front of the steam
generator or boiler, then on to the outside of the fourth set of tubes A³,
and through a flue or uptake K into the chimney L; the uptake or flue
K superheats the steam contained in the tube A*.
To each three sets and rows of tubes are fitted fire-places M, made
short in length, allowing the fire and heated gases to travel in and out
of the tubes A, A', and A2, and small pipes E; N, divisional partition
forming the backs of the central chambers I and supported on a
foundation piece O fitted to the bottom of the boiler; P, feed pipes.
The power of the steam generator or boiler depends on the number of
sets of cylindrical tubes employed.

page_text: Having thus described our improvements, and the best means we
are acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details shewn
and described, as they may be varied without departing from the peculiar
character of the Invention, but what we do claim is, the general arrange-
ment and construction of marine or other steam generators or boilers,
substantially as herein-before described and represented by the Drawing
annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Pollit, for myself and the
said Eustace Wigzell, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Bradford.
JOSEPH POLLIT. (L.S.)