Improvements in and relating to Sanitary Pipes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st Oct., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov.,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Sanitary Pipes.
I, GEORGE CHISHOLM Junг. of The Craigs, in the Town and County of
Stirling, Manufacturing Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
beças follows:-
It relates to sanitary pipes-chielly metal ones--and earthen vessels associated
therewith and has for its objects :
1st to adapt such pipes for being expeditiously and rigidly united together in a
series of sections and as rapidly disunited:
2nd to adapt such pipes for automatically forming an air and watertight joint
where any two of their sections are united together:
3rd to adapt such pipes for being quickly united to or separated from the outlets
of earthenware closets, sinks, baths or such like vessels :
4th to adapt such pipes for being rigidly united to and separated from buildings
or other structures by means of the bolts which fasten their sections together:
5th to facilitate the rapid removal and replacement of any one or more sections
comprising a series of such pipes :
6th to make a separable air and watertight joint for such pipes without any
plastic material for sticking its contiguous faces together when connecting them to
each other or with earthenware articles :
7th to combine with earthenware pipes or nozzles appliances adapting such parts
or articles for being firmly united to such metal pipes.
In carrying out this invention in connection with hard cast metal pipes, the end
portions thereof are made conical or V shaped so as to form a conical or V shaped
joint when two such pipes are united together for use: lugs also are formed near
the pipe ends for the reception of screwed bolis for tightening the joints and for
holdfast purposes.
For the purpose of uniting soft metal pipes to hard ones with an intervening ✓ or
conical joint formed by their contiguous ends a loose collar (having an annular Vor
conical rim and lugs for bolting together purposes) is slipped over the soft metal
pipe and the ond thereof is "lipped "over to suit the said collar and the end of
the associate hard metal pipe: screwed bolts are then inserted in the lugs and
tightened up, drawing the two pipe sections together and forming a separable air
and water tight joint of conical form at the junction of the two pipes.
An improved holdfast for the purpose of uniting these said pipes to walls or
other structures is made somewhat crutch or Y shaped having holes in its outer
ends for the reception of bolts. The tail piece of this holdfast is made fast to the
wall or other structure near the pipe joint and the bolts which unite and tighten
up that joint pass through the holes of the holdfast and unite the pipes thereto and
to the structure in such a manner that any section of the pipes may be rapidly and
easily attached detached or replaced as required.
An improved metal nozzle for attachment to the nozzles of earthen closet pans,
troughs, sinks, pipes or other such articles is made with a sheath part for containing
the earthen nozzle and pitch putty or cement for fixing the two parts together and
is made with an extension containing an annular conical or V-shaped rim and lugs
for bolting the appliance to a pipe with corresponding rim and Ings for making
and fixing an air and watertight joint between the said parts. This metal nozzle
is made of either hard or soft metal as required; when it is made of soft metal

page_text: the lugs for bolting it to its associate pipe are upon a ring collar of hard metal
such as before described, having an annular conical or V shaped rim upon it for
pressing the conical joint together. This collar is slipped over the nozzle outlet
and the latter is then "lipped" over its conical or ✓ rim so as to form part of a
conical joint when united to a discharge pipe.
The contiguous faces of this conical joint are turned true when required or
packed with a flexible washer, preferably of lead or soft metal: they are not
intended to be stuck together by cement, putty, lead paste or other adhesive agent.
For the purpose of uniting a soft metal pipe to a soft metal nozzle or other pipe
with a separable V shaped or conical joint formed by their union in accordance
with this invention two hard metal collars are made, one containing an annular
V cavity and the other a conical ring of suitable dimensions for forming a V or
conical joint between them when put together. These two collars are slipped over
the soft metal parts which require uniting and the soft metal ends are then lipped or
"tafted" over their respective collars, made true to each other and united by
screwing the collars together. The V joint thus formed between these two hard
metal collars can be quickly opened or closed and does not require solder or cement
of any kind to make it air or watertight.
A loose ring collar is made of two half collars, each half having lugs and holes
therein for reception of bolts: these are laid upon the sanitary pipes and bolts are
put through the lugs: flanges or strips are formed upon the pipes for these half
collars to abut against and serve as alternative means for tightening up the
V shaped joints under conditions in which the cast-on lugs would not be so
suitable:
Dated this 31st day of December 1901
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
263 Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in and relating to Sanitary Pipes.
I, GEORGE CHISHOLM Junr. of The Craigs, in the Town and County of
Stirling Manufacturing Plumber do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It relates to sanitary pipes-chiefly metal ones-and earthern vessels associated
therewith and has for its objects:
1st to adapt such pipes for being expeditiously and rigidly united together in a
series of sections and as rapidly disunited:
2nd to adapt such pipes for automatically forming an air and watertight joint
where any two of their sections are united together:
3rd to adapt such pipes for being quickly united to or separated from the outlets
of carthenware closets, sinks, baths or such like vessels :
4th to adapt such pipes for being rigidly united to and separated from buildings
or other structures by means of the bolts which fasten their sections together:
5th to facilitate the rapid removal and replacement of any one or more sectious
comprising a series of such pipes:
6th to make a separable air and watertight joint for such pipes without any
plastic material for sticking its contiguous faces together when connecting them to
each other or with earthenware articles :
7th to combine with earthenware pipes or nozzles appliances adapting such parts
For articles for being firmly united to such metal pipes.
In carrying out this invention in connection with hard metal pipes, the end
portions thereof are made conical or V shaped so as to form a conical or V shaped

page_text: joint where two such pipes are united together for use: lugs also are formed upon
and near the pipe ends for the reception of screwed bolts for tightening the joints
and for hold fast purposes.
For the purpose of uniting a soft metal pipe to a hard one with an intervening V
or conical joint formed by their contiguous ends a loose collar (having an
annular V or conical rim and lugs for bolting together purposes) is slipped over
the soft metal pipe and the end thereof is "lipped" over to suit or fit the shape of
the said collar and the end of the associate hard metal pipe; screwed bolts are
then inserted in the lugs of each pipe and tightened up drawing the two pipe
sections together and forming a separable air and watertight joint.of conical form
at tho junction of the pipes.
An improved holdfast for the purpose of uniting these said pipes to walls or
other structures is made somewhat crutch or Y shaped having holes in its outer
ends for the reception of bolts. The tailpiece of this holdfast is made fast to
the wall or other structure near the pipe joint and the bolts which unite and.
tighten up that joint pass through the holes of the holdfast and unite the pipes
thereto and to the structure in such a manner that any section of such associated
pipes may be rapidly and easily attached to, detached from or replaced in the
series as required.
An improved metal nozzle for attachment to the nozzles of earthen closet
pans, troughs, sinks, pipes or other such articles is made with a sheath' part
for containing the earthen nozzle and pitch putty or cement, for fixing the two
parts together it is made with an extension containing an annular conical, or
V shaped rim and lugs for bolting the-appliance to a pipe with corresponding.
rim and lugs for making and fixing an air and watertight joint between the said;
parts. This metal nozzle is made of either hard or soft metal as required:*
when it is made of soft metal the lugs for bolting it to its associate pipe are.
upon a ring collar of hard metal such as before described, having an annular
conical or V shaped rim upon it for pressing the conical joint together. This
collar is slipped over the nozzle outlet and the latter is then "lipped" over its"
conical or V rim so as to form part of a conical joint when united to a discharge.
pipe.
The contiguous faces of this conical joint are turned true when required or
packed with a flexible washer, preferably of lead or soft metal, they are not
intended to be stuck together with cement, putty, lead, paste or other adhesive
agent..
For the purpose of uniting a soft metal pipe to a soft metal nozzle or other.
pipe with a separable V shaped or conical joint formed by their union in accordance
with this invention two hard metal collars are made, one containing an annular
V cavity and the other a conical ring of suitable dimensions for forming a V or
conical joint between them when put together. These two collars are slipped over
the soft metal parts which require uniting and the soft metal ends are then
lipped" or "tafted
over their respective collars, made true to each other and
united by screwing the collars together. The V joint thus formed between these
two hard metal collars can be quickly opened or closed and does not require solder ·
or cement of any kind to make it air or watertight.
66
"
A loose ring collar is made of two half collars each half having lugs and holes
therein for reception of bolts: these are laid upon the sanitary pipes. and, bolts are
put through the lugs: flanges or strips are formed upon the pipes for these half
collars to abut against and serve as alternative means for tightening up the
V shaped joints under conditions in which the cast-on-lugs would not be. so
suitable.
This invention will be better understood if reference is made to the accompanying >
drawings in which :
Figures 1. 2. 3 and 4 are views in elevation of sanitary pipes made in accordance
with this invention :
:

page_text: Figures 5. 6. 7 and 8 are views in perspective shewing various ring collars for
combination with sanitary pipes made according to this invention:
Figure 9 represents a holdfast for combination with sanitary pipes made in
accordance with this invention :
Figure 10 represents the holdfast, Fig. 9, applied in the manner herein
described.
Figures 11. 12. 13. 14 and 15 are views in elevation shewing, principally, the
nozzles made in accordance with this invention for combination with sanitary pipes.
sinks and other articles:
Figures 16. 17. 18 and 19 are views in elevation shewing fragments of sanitary
pipes adapted for forming the V shaped or conical joint herein described and other
particulars:
Figures 20. 21. 22 and 23 are views in elevation and perspective shewing the
relative positions of the boldfast and joint made and combined in accordance with
this invention :
Figure 24 is a view in elevation shewing au improved joint made in accordance
with this invention, bolted together through segmental collars as herein described.
Similar letters of reference and numerals throughout the illustrations ´indicate
corresponding parts.
The bore of the sanitary pipe shewn in Figure 1 is made with a V or trumpet-
shaped mouth A at each end as indicated by dotted lines. In Fig. 2 each end B
of the pipe is shewn conical and adapted for fitting within a V shaped mouth A
Fig. 1. The pipe shewn in Fig. 3 has a conical end B and a V shaped mouth A.
Figure 24 represents the joint formed by the union of two such pipes when the
conical end B is inserted within the V shaped mouth A the two pipes being drawn
together by the screwed bolts C and nuts c': the said bolts are threaded in the
eyes d whilst the nuts bear against the lugs d³ cast on the divided collars D and
press the said collars against the neck flanges E.
Instead of the two half collars D, D, Fig. 8 being fitted upon the pipe as shewn
in Figs. 7. 19 and 24 and united with the bolts and nuts as just described, lugs F
aro alternatively cast on the pipe itself as shewn in Figs. 10 to 23 so that screwed
bolts C, Figs. 20. 22. and 23 inay be inserted between them and tightened up with
the nuts c¹.
The holdfast G, Figs. 9, 20, 21, 22 and 23 is adapted for building into or other-
wise attaching to the structure behind these sanitary pipes and when fixed as
designed herein and drawn at the junction of two sections the bolts C pass through
the eyes gl and the lugs F uniting the pipes to the structure by means of the
screws which bind the pipe sections together.
This holdfast is not required or used for tightening the said joints but for linking
them to the structure. Fig. 16 represents the fragmentary ends of hard metal
pipes with these conical and V shaped devices and lugs F for combination as just
described: Fig. 17 represents a hard metal pipe H with conical end B and a soft
metal pipe with V or trumpet mouth for combination with each other: a hard
metal collar J with cast on lugs F for binding these pipes H and h¹ together being
placed upon before the end Ã is "lipped" or " tafted over into the V or trumpet
mouth form.
Hard metal collars are made with either a V or conical face as shewn by J
and Figs. 5. 6. 14. 15. 17 or 18. In Fig. 18 the pipes ¹ there shown are soft
metal ones and the collars J and are hard metal: the contiguous ends A and B
of the pipes being "lipped" or "tafted" over to form this improved V shaped
joint.
The soft metal nozzle or sheath K Fig. 13 is for attachment to the nozzle of au
earthenware sink, bath, closet pan or such like vessel and its pipe extension ¹
having a hard metal ring J or Figs. 5 or 6 slipped over it the soft metal pipe is
lipped" or "tafted" over to correspond in shape therewith and adapt it for
combination with a pipe such as k2 shewn in Fig. 14: if this pipe ² is a soft metal

page_text: one two ring collars J and are required to form the watertight joint and are
screwed together with the bolts and nuts C and c¹.
The hard metal nozzle or sheath K Figure 11 contains a V shaped mouth to its
pipe extension and that shown in Fig. 12 has a conical end for combination with
the detached pipes or as shewn these extensions are made of soft metal when
required and fitted with hard metal collars J or j as shewn in Fig. 18.
Figure 21 is a side elevation shewing the relative positions of pipe sections and
hold fast G when fixed to a wall L and Fig. 22 is a perspective view shewing the
hold fast G adapted for being nailed or screwed to a wooden or other structure:
and Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the (fragmentary) pipes detached from each
other and from the holdfast G, and packing washer M.
I am
aware that, previous to my invention hard metal thimble pieces with
screwed collars and caps conical and V shaped joints also centreing screws.lugs and
tightening bolts have been combined with earthenware nozzles and soft metal
flushing pipes for water closets and traps: that conical thimble pieces of hard
metal have been made and cemented to earthenware nozzles of sanitary appliances
and adjusted to V shaped hard metal thimble pieces soldered upon lond waste pipes
having overlapping semicircular collars, lugs, screwed bolts and nuts for tightening
purposes and that hold fasts and staples of various kinds and forms have been in
common use for attaching sanitary pipes to walls and structures: it will therefore
be understood that I do not claim these things broadly as my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is ;
First. In a hard metal sanitary pipe H the combination therewith of the
cone shaped ends B, E, as and for the purposes herein described with reference to
the drawings.
Second. In a hard metal sanitary pipe H the combination therewith of the
V shaped ends A, E, as and for the purposes herein described with reference to
the drawings.
Third. In a bard metal sanitary pipe H the combination therewith of the V and
cone shaped ends A, E, and B, E, as and for the purposes herein described with
reference to the drawings.
Fourth. In a hard metal sanitary pipe the combination there with of the
cone shaped end B and lugs F as and for the purposes herein described with
reference to the drawings.
Fifth. In a hard metal sanitary pipe H the combination therewith of the
V shaped end A and lugs F all substantially as herein described for the purposes
specified.
Sixth. In a hard metal sanitary pipe H the combination therewith of the V or
cone shaped ends A, B, and divided collar D, d', d² as and for the purposes herein
described with reference to the drawings.
Seventh. In a soft metal sanitary pipe the combination therewith of the
V shaped mouth A and Vshaped ring collar J all substantially as lierein described
aud drawn for the purposes specified.
Eighth. In a soft metal sanitary pipe the combination therewith of the
cone shaped end B and cone shaped ring collar j all substantially as hercin
described and drawn for the purposes specified.
Ninth. In a hard metal sanitary nozzle or sheath K the combination therewith
of a pipe continuation with V or coue shaped mouth A, B, Figs. 11 and 12 as and
for the purposes herein described with reference to the drawings.
Tenth. In a soft metal sanitary nozzle or sheath K the combination therewith of
a pipe continuation k adapted for being "lipped " or "tafted" into the V or
cone shaped mouth A or B, and a ring collar J or ¹ all substantially as herein
described and drawn for the purposes specified,

page_text: Eleventh. In a sanitary pipe H or h the combination thorewith of a holdfast G
with eyes g¹ as and for the purposes specified with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 30th day of September 1895.
JOSEPH LOCKWOOD,
263 Argyle Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.