A NOVEL CONSTRUCTION_OF BLOW-PIPE LAMP
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Thomas Garratt of Camberwell in the County
of Surrey, Brass Finisher for an Invention of "A NOVEL CONSTRUCTION_OF
BLOW-PIPE LAMP
33
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Thomas Garratt at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th June 1882.
JAMES THOMAS GARRATT of Camberwell in the County of Surrey, Brass
Finisher "A NOVEL CONSTRUCTION OF BLOW-PIPE LAMP.”
The object of this invention is to provide a safe, clean and handy tool for the
external application of heat, in lieu of the fire-pots and other dangerous con-
trivances at present used by plumbers and metal workers for soldering and other
purposes, and which is also well adapted for burning off paint.
This firing tool consists of a combined blow pipe and lamp carried by a suitable
handle; air being conveyed to the blow pipe by a tube from the mouth of the
operator or from a suitable bellows or fan.
The lamp may consist of a mass of sponge, tow, or other suitable absorbent or
fibrous material placed within a suitable vessel and steeped in spirit or other
inflammable liquid, and so arranged with respect to the blast from the blow pipe
that the flame shall be blown in a slightly downward and forward direction; the
breadth and volume of the flame being regulated by raising or lowering, compressing
or loosening the burning mass.
•
In its simplest form the combined lamp and blow-pipe consists of a cup-shaped
casting for the reception of the fibrous mass and carried by a suitable handle, the
casting being partially closed at top by a plate serving as a deflector. The back of
this casting has a passage formed in it for the supply. of air just below the top
plate or deflector. The lower end of the passage terminates in a nozzle to which
a flexible tubo is attached. A portion of the front of the casting is cut away to
allow the flame to be blown outwards and in a somewhat downward direction
owing to the current of air being deflected.
The fibrous mass steeped in spirit is placed within the cup shaped casting and

page_text: the tube being placed in the mouth of the operator, or otherwise conveying air
under pressure to the interior of the casting a powerful flame may be directed to
any surface, and in any required degree of intensity.
A detachable spirit or oil lamp may be combined with the handle and blow pipe,
as above explained, so as to constitute a firing tool complete in itself for the 5
purposes named, and which may be used and moved about without risk of fire,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Thomas Garratt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd December 1882.
JAMES THOMAS GARRATT of Camberwell in the County of Surrey Brass
Finisher "A NOVEL CONSTRUCTION OF BLOW-PIPE LAMP '
"
The object of this invention is to provide a safe clean and handy tool for the
external application of heat in lieu of the fire pots and other dangerous con-
trivancos at present used by plumbers and metal workers for soldering and other
purposes, and which is also well adapted for burning off paint.
This firing tool consists of a combined blow-pipe and lamp carried by a suitable
handle, air being conveyed to the blow-pipe by a flexible tube from the mouth of
the operator or from a suitable bellows or fan.
The lamp may consist of a mass of sponge, tow, or other suitable absorbent or
fibrous material, placed within a suitable vessel and steeped in spirit or other
inflammable liquid, and so arranged with respect to the blast from the blow-pipe
that the flame shall be blown in a slightly downward and forward direction, the
breadth and volume of the flame being regulated by raising or lowering, compressing
or loosening the burning mass.
In its simplest form the combined lamp and blow-pipe consists of a cup-shaped
casting for the reception of the fibrous mass, and carried by a suitable handle, the
casting being partially closed in at top by a plate serving as a deflector. The back
of this casting has a passage, constituting an air-chamber, formed in it for the supply
of air just below the top plate or deflector. The lower end of this passage or
air chamber terminates in a nozzle to which a flexible tube is attached. A portion
of the front of the casting is cut away to allow the flame to be blown outwards
and in a somewhat downward direction, owing to the current of air being deflected
by the hood or plate at top.
The fibrous mass steeped in spirit is placed within the cup-shaped casting, and
the tube being placed in the mouth of the operator, or otherwise conveying air
under pressure to the interior of the casting, a powerful flame may be directed to
any surface and in any required degree of intensity.
This novel firing tool is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing in which
Fig: 1 is a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig: 2 is a front elevation,

page_text: +
In these figures A is the casting or vessel supported by a handle A' and adapted
to receive a packing or filling, B, of sponge, tow or some other suitable absorbent or
fibrous mass steeped in spirit or other inflammable liquid which will produce a
large body of flame on being ignited.
The vessel A is partially covered in, above, by a hood or plate a, and the front of
the vessel is cut away, or formed by casting, as shown at a¹ by which construction
of vessel the flame will take an outward and somewhat downward direction when
air is forced through it from behind.
The vessel A is provided or formed with an air chamber C serving as a blow-
pipe at its back, the upper part of which air chamber communicates with the space
between the fibrous mass, B, and the deflecting hood or plate a; and the lower part
terminates in a nozzle, or it may be a serrated hollow plug of wood D to which is
adapted a flexible tube E for conveying air from the mouth of the operator or from
a suitable bellows or fan to the blow-pipe or air chamber C.
In the drawing the tube E is shewn ready fitted for use by a workman, with a
mouth piece 4.
On igniting the inflammable mass B within the vessel A, and blowing through
the tube E a flame of great volume and intensity will be emitted in an outward
and downward direction from the firing tool.
This class of firing tool is particularly adapted for coarse work and large
surfaces, as when firing paint to remove it, but for finer work, where a flame of
greater concentration is required, I construct the blow-pipe lamp as shown in
Figures 3 and 4 which are respectively a sectional elevation' and front view of this
form of firing tool.
The air chamber C, it will be seen, is bent over, as at C³, so as to lie centrally of
and just beneath the deflecting bood or plate a, and the tool may be formed con-
veniently by casting the air chamber C in one with the vessel ▲ constituting the
lamp proper
The forwardly bent portion of the air chamber C is perforated with a hole of less
diameter than that used in the firing tool first described, and the effect of this
slightly modified construction is to produce a jet of flame of greater length and
intensity than could be produced by the first described arrangement.
The other parts of the firing tool shown in figures 3 and 4 are identical with
those shown in Figures 1 and 2, and will need no further description.
With the view of enabling a workman to possess a firing tool which may be
used as desired either for fine or coarser work, and which will produce a broad
sheet of flame, or a comparatively long, fine tongue of flame, I have combined in one
firing tool the constructions described with reference to Figures 1. 2, and 3. 4.
This simple combination is effected by means of a hollow two-way plug, c, adapted
to be turned within the air chamber C, so that the said air chamber may be brought
into communication with the larger opening in the back of the vessel A, or with
the smaller opening in the end of the prolongation, C, of the air chamber C.
This two-way plug c. is furnished with a milled head, and with a stop piece c¹
working in a slot cut in the back of the air chamber C, so that the plug may be
immediately set by the workman to give the kind of flame best suited for the work
in hand.
These blow-pipe lamps may be used in any position and are invaluable for wiping
joints and plumbers work generally.
The plate a. besides acting as a deflector of the flame from the burning mass B,
when air is blown thrown the air chamber or blow-pipe C, effectually prevents the
burning mass B from falling out of the vessel A, thereby greatly increasing the
value of the firing tool on the score of safety in use.
A detachable spirit or oil lamp may be combined with the handle and blow-pipe
as above explained, so as to constitute a firing tool complete in itself for the
purposes named, and which may be used and moved about without risk of fire,

page_text: means being provided for preventing the said lamp from becoming accidentally
disconnected from the casing and its blow-pipe attachments.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention of "A novel construction
of Blow-pipe lamp" and having explained in what manner the same may be
carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I claim :—
First The novel construction of blow-pipe lamp herein above set forth and
described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Secondly A metallic vessel or casing suitably mounted on a handle and adapted
to receive a detachable lamp or a mass of fibrous material for the purpose set forth,
in combination with an air chamber having a suitable orifice or orifices and a
flexible connection for conveying air under pressure thereto, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof I the said James Thomas Garratt have hereunto set
my hand and seal the twenty first day of December in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.