Improvements in the Construction of Turn-wrest Ploughs.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Turn-wrest Ploughs.
WILLIAM SETTERFIELD SILK, Alexander Cottage, Ramsgate, Commission
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:.
Improvements in the means of ploughing land this invention consists of a
half round steel rest with the two edges turned invertedly to slide on plates of
steel attached to two arms made to lengthen or shorten these two arms are attached
to a spindle carried through the centre of the slade and elevated to correspond
with the rest at the back end of the plough on the end of which is the lever that
turns the rest from one side to the other and rice rece with a spring catch on lever
to hold it in position. The back bottom end of the rest to be fixed three inches
above the top of slade to rise and lower by a screw attached to the centre spindle
and through a beam above it which will be the lever nack to alter the pitch of the
share which is attached to the front end of the spindle. The share nack will he
made with a dovetail across the frunt and the shares which will be a variety of
shapes and sizes will be made dovetailed and be driven on at the side with a wond
peg through the centre of both there will be a twelve inch wheel at the hind part
of the plough made to swivel or run straight as may be desired the culter will
be made with a loose blade to slide up and down a grove in the top stem and
fixed with a bolt and an eccentric motion to alter its position from right to left
there will be a pair of wheels fixed in the centre of the plough made to swivel
under the beam and made on a crank axle the top to be made hollow and the two
arms top and bottom to slide out and in to set the wheels wider or narrower. Two
upright sides of crank to be made of tee iron or steel with malleable ends
rivetted on to fit the top and bottom arms and the wheels to be 2 feet high more or
less fitted with renewable bushes the rest coulter and wheels will all be under com-
plete control by the man at the handles of the plough with rods and levers the
wheels to run eighteen inches wide more or less can be made one two or more
furrows either for horse or steem power and when made with more then one
furrow the beams will be made to slide forwards and backwards the right hand
one to be in advance of the left hand one when turning the furrows to the right and
the left hand one to be in advance of the right hand one when turning the furrows
to the left this will be done with a lever or by the power on the draft by the
horses or engine.
Datad this 1st day of Webruary 1898.
WILLIAM SETTERFIELD SILK,
Alexander Cottage, Ramsgate, Commission Agent.

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Turn-wrest Ploughs.
I, WILLIAM SETTERFIELD SILK, of Alexander Cottage, Ramsgate, in the County
of Kent, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to turn-wrest ploughs and it comprises the novel arrange-
ment hereinafter described whereby the same mould board or breast may be
used for turning the furrow slices to the right and to the left as desired.
According to my invention the breast or mould board is approximately in the
form of a segment of a cylinder and is carried by two arms on a longitudinal
shaft in such a manner that it can be turned to either side of the plough. The said
breast is made longitudinally and vertically movable upon the said arms and the
arms themselves are also made adjustable as to length to adapt the plough for
different conditions of work, the said central shaft which carries a share at the
front end being adapted to be raised or lowered at the rear end to alter the pitch
of the share.
The coulter is mounted in such a way that it may be moved in a lateral direction
by means of a suitable adjusting device in order to adapt its position to that
of the share.
The front end of the plough is also mounted upon a fore carriage carrying two
wheels of equal diameter and is adapted to rock upon a pivot in order that either
wheel may serve as a land or furrow wheel. A suitable rocking arrangement is
provided in connection with the fore carriage for holding it in either its central
position or a position at either side. The wheels of the fore carriage are mounted
on a crank axle the position of which is adapted to be adjusted by suitable levers
or rods for varying the position of the said axle and consequently the depth at
which the plough works and for the purpose of lifting the plough out of work.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a plough having my improvements applied to it;
and
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are sections on the lines 2-2, 3-3 and 4-4 respectively of
Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a side elevation illustrating a modification.
a is a metal casting, which, with two bars b, which terminate in handles c, a
bottom bard (adapted to carry a combined slade and double side plate) and a
connecting piece e, between the bar and the bars, constitute the framing of
the plough and f. f, Figures 1 and 3, indicate two bars which may be regarded
as the plough beam.
g is the central shaft which at its front end immediately behind the neck h
which carries a share i, is mounted in a hearing in the casting a and which at
its rear end is carried in an eye bolt & adjustably mounted in a bracket / secured
to the connecting piece e of the framing, the extremity of the said shaft projecting
through a slot in in the said connecting piece, which permits of the raising or
lowering of the rear end of the said shaft by the adjustment of the nuts upon the
eye bolt k. The hole or bearing in the casting a is also made slightly tapering,
as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1, to permit of the angular adjustment of
the said shaft. The rearward extremity of the shaft g carries the hand lever n by
means of which the shaft can be oscillated, the said hand lever carrying a spring
catch which engages with a notched plate n² through which the shaft passes.
This notched plate is capable of sliding upon the connecting bar c of the framing

page_text: in order that it shall follow the adjustment of the shaft g and is adapted to be
fixed when adjusted by means of a nut o on a stud o¹, Figure 1, fixed to the
bar e and projecting through a slot in the base of the segment, as clearly shewn
in Figure 1.
is the breast of the plough which is preferably made of steel plate and as herein-
before stated forms the segment of a cylinder as will be clearly understood by
reference to Figure 4 and 7, are the arms carrying the said breast, the said
arms being each made in two portions, which, as shewn, telescope one within the
other and are adapted to be locked in any position by set screws 23, 2. The outer
ends of these arms carry plates which have sliding upon them in a vertical
direction other plates, Figures 2 and 4, which in their turn fit at their upper
and lower edges into grooves upon the inner face of the breast, Figures 2 and 4.
With this arrangement it will be readily understood that the breast can be moved
rearwardly and also vertically relatively with the arms p', 12. When the breast
is in its normal position its front end is designed to lie in a recess on one side
or the other of the casting a and in order to permit of its being turned, it has
to be moved rearwardly. To lock it in its normal position, a spring bolt carried
by the arm is adapted to pass through the plates 2, p³ connected therewith into
a bar riveted or otherwise attached to the concave face of the breast. This pin
also serves for locking the breast in vertical adjustment, a series of holes corre-
sponding with different vertical positions of the breast being formed in the
plate p, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 4.
It will be understood that the share must be of such a construction that it will
work for either hand. The share may be of the ordinary socket type as shewn in
Figures 2 and 3. In practice however I find it advantageous to provide the neck
with a dovetail slot and the share with a dovetail tongue to fit the said slot as
shewn in Figure 5 wherein indicates the slot and the tongue; is a peg
driven through both the neck and tongue to hold the share in place.
is the coulter which is mounted in a socket which protrudes through an
opening in the beam f and is pivoted in lugs, on the underside thereof by
the pins, so that the said socket may be oscillated laterally to alter the position
of the coulter relatively with the share, that is to say, from the position shewn in
Figure 3 to that shewn in Figure 3 which is a view of the parts shewn in Figure 3
in the position which they occupy when the plough is used for turning the furrow
slices to the left hand instead of the right as in Figure 3. This movement of the
coulter is effected through the medium of an eccentric which works in a
recess of the socket and which is mounted upon a shaft carried in
brackets 3, 13 of the framing, the said shaft at its rear end being provided with a
hand lever provided with a spring catch which is adapted to engage with
a notched plate on the bracket
The fore carriage of the plough comprises the plate u, Figures 1 and 3, carried
upon a pin u¹ in lugs ², on the underside of the beam f (the said plate having
in it an opening through which the beam passes, as clearly shewn in Figure 3,
and which permits of the oscillation of the plate) a sleeve carried in a bearing
in the said plate and two cranked arms, which fit into and are adjustable in
the said tube and are adapted to be fixed therein by suitable set screws or clamps.
³, are wheels of equal size upon the arms e, and each serving as either a
land or furrow wheel according to which side of the plough the plate is oscillated.
In order to hold the said fore carriage in either of the positions shewn in Figure 3
and Figure 3 or in a central position I provide the bolt adapted to engage with
The bolt, which
one or other of a series of holes, Figure 3, in the plate n.
slides in a guide, is carried by an arm upon one end of a sleeve 2 capable of
sliding upon the shaft t¹ and having on its other end a handle w by means of which
it may be moved to disengage the bolt from the plate, a spring w serving to
normally hold the said bolt in engagement with the plate.
To provide for moving the crank arms v¹, ¹ for adjusting the depth at which
the plough works, I fix to the sleeve an arm to which is connected one end of

page_text: a rod c, the other end of which is attached to a hand lever pivoted upon one
of the handles of the plough, the said land lever having a spring catch
working in conjunction with a notch plate e, the notches in which correspond with
the different angular positions of the axle of the fore carriage.
y is the draught bar which is pivoted to a bracket fixed to the beam f and
arranged in connection with a loop z provided with adjusting holes and pins for
altering the position of the draught bar relatively with the beam.
The operation of the plough is as follows, the latter after having been properly
adjusted and worked through one bout the ploughman moves the hand lever
to operate the crank arms to lift the share out of work and also pulls the
handle so as to release the fore carriage and allow it to assume a horizontal
position. The plough is then turned round and put into position for another bout.
The ploughman now pulls out the spring pin and pulls back the breast p so that
its front end is clear of the casting and then by means of the hand lever n
rotates the shaft g to move the breast to the opposite side of the plough, when he
again pushes forward the breast and locks it in position by means of the spring
pin . He next, by means of the hand lever #, moves the coulter s as hereinbefore
explained and also by means of the hand lever raises the wheels to allow the
plough to drop into work and also pulls back the handle w to release the plate
so that as the plough moves forward and one wheel enters the previously formed
furrow, the fore carriage will assume an inclined position opposite to that which
it previously had. The handle is then released so as to lock the plate u in
position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a turn-wrest plough a breast mounted upon a longitudinal shaft carrying
a share at its front end the said shaft being adapted to be rotated in order to bring
the breast and share to either side of the plough, substantially as, and for the
purpose, described.
2. In a turn-wrest plough, the combination with a single breast and share
adapted to be placed at either the right or left hand side of the plough, of
a rocking coulter and means for moving the said coulter and a rocking fore
carriage and means for locking the said fore carriage in its different positions,
substantially as described.
3. In a turn-wrest plough having a breast and share mounted upon a shaft
adapted to be moved to place the said breast or share at either side of the plough,
mounting the said breast so that it may slide longitudinally and vertically on
adjustable arms and mounting the said shaft so that its angular position relatively
with the ground can be varied, substantially as described.
4. The improved turn-wrest plough constructed and arranged substantially in
the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 28th day of February 1899.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London.
Agents for the Applicant.