Improvements in and relating to Window Sash Frames.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd July, 1894-Accepted, 11th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Window Sash Frames.
I, DANIEL KEITH, of Bourock, Barrhead, Renfrewshire, Joiner, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention to be as follows :—
This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved mode and
means of suspending and operating the sash frames of windows, whereby the sashes
would not require to be grooved on the edges, and the suspending cords can be
attached and detached from the hooks or fastenings on the top of the sash frames
before requiring to remove these frames, and the frames can be easily swivelled
within the apartment for cleaning or repair when so desired, and new cords can be
put in without requiring to remove the sash frames, and whereby the combined
advantages of sliding sashes and swivelling casement windows will be obtained.
The improvements consist first in forming a recess or recesses in the top lintel of
the fixed case of the window at each side over the line of the hanging weighted
cords or chains. A pulley or pulleys over which the sash cords are passed is fitted
into this recess in the fixed lintel above the daylight line of window, and this
pulley is made flush with the face of its carrying case and the latter is screwed or
attached at the top and bottoin to the pulley stile within the recess, the top part of
the pulley case being preferably formed with a projecting flange to screw it to stile
The ends of the weighted
or to lintel and so lessen the space required for recess.
cords or chains passed over the pulley's would be attached to slotted kneed brackets
or swivel hooks secured on the top edges of the upper and lower sash frames, with
the knot of cord below drawn out or in through the slot when a bracket is used; so
that when the window sash frames are pushed up to their extreme top position the
cord attaching brackets or hooks will enter the aforesaid recesses in the upper. lintel
of the fixed case of window and enable top of window sashes to come up to the line
of daylight.
The inner guide batten rods are made hinged or movable to the fixed frame of
window, preferably for a distance extending from about a foot above the bottom
end of the lower sash up to near the top of the upper sash, so that the lower sash
may be swivelled into the apartment for being cleaned or repaired. When two cords
are used only one cord need be unhooked and the sash be swivelled in on the other
cord. Or the sash may be hung by one cord and heavy weight at one side only so
as to be swivelled in without detaching this cord when the inner batten rods are
turned or swivelled on their hinges, in which case an antifriction roller would be
mounted either in the lower part of the guide race of fixed frame of window or in
the sash frame itself with a thin metal plate inserted on the opposite working
surface either of the sash or the fixed frame, to enable the sash to move more freely
up and down with the one weight and. cord. In like manner for getting the upper
and outer sash removed into the apartment for cleaning or repair, the top part of
its race in the fixed frame would be filled up to the level of the centre parting bead,
and have a feather fitted in the centre of this filling up piece, with a groove in the
centre of the vertical stile of the upper sash working on this feather so as to slide
and down; and when the upper sash was brought down below the level of this
filling up piece and feather it could be removed from its cords or be swivelled in on
one cord in a similar manner to the lower sash for being cleaned or repaired.
When the upper sash is hung by one cord and weight at one side, the filling up
piece and feather would only require to be fitted on the vertical side of the sash
opposite to the hanging cord on which it could be swivelled in, and in this case the
top of the sash would preferably be cut away or checked to abut against the feather
up
'

page_text: when swivelled into its place, and the outer vertical bead would preferably project
out further than usual. The sash frames would be swivelled on their one edge into
the apartment, parallel with each other the lower one being opposite the opening
parts of the batten rods, each on a pair of hinges, preferably consisting of pins or
spindles on the sashes which when raised up would work into vertical sockets in the
fixed frames, and stop fittings may be used to prevent the hinges getting damaged
should the frames be carelessly pushed up; while locking fittings may be used to
support and prevent the sashes sliding vertically when in their open swivelled
position. A toothed rack may be fitted at one side of window for a pawl on the
sash frames to engage with in the event of the hanging cord getting broken. To
make the windows burglar proof the hinges on which the sash frames are made to
swivel into the apartment. would be fitted in such positions that the lower sash
cannot be raised beyond a limited extent or the upper sash correspondingly
lowered.
Snibs or catches may be fitted to secure the batten rods in their swivelled in
closed position.
These improved fittings are also applicable to ordinary hung window sash frames
which do not require the cords or chains to be attached to the upper ends of the
sashes.
Dated the 2nd Octoho- 1902
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
. 96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Window Sash Frames.
I, DANIEL KEITH, of Bourock, Barrhead, Renfrewshire, Joiner, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved mode and means
of suspending and operating the sash frames of windows, whereby the sashes would
not require to be grooved on the edges, and the suspending cords can be attached
and detached from sash frames before requiring to remove these frames, and the
frames can be easily swivelled within the apartment for cleaning or repair when so
desired, and new cords can be put in without requiring to remove the sash frame,
and whereby the combined advantages of sliding sashes and swivelling casement
windows will be obtained.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a perspective elevation of a sliding sash window, showing the lower
sash frame as swivelled out; while
Figure 2 is a corresponding view showing both the lower and upper sash frames
in swivelled out position and in the act of being cleaned.
Figure 3 is a detached sectional view, showing the sash pulleys as fitted within
a recess in the top lintel of fixed case of window, instead of in the fixed side frames
as in Figures 1 and 2. While
Figures 4 to 20 show views of detail fittings hereinafter referred to.
Referring to these drawings:-As shown in Figure 3 the improvements consist first
in forming a recess or recesses a in the top lintel A, of the fixed case of the window
at each side over the line of the hanging weighted chains or cords b. A pulley or
pulleys b' over which the sash cords are passed is fitted into this recess a in the
fixed lintel A over the daylight line of window, and this pulley is made flush with

page_text: the face of its carrying case 62 and the latter is screwed or attached at the top and
bottom to the pulley style within the recess a the top part of the pulley case 62
being preferably formed with a projecting flange b³ to screw it to style or to lintel and
so lessen the space required for recess a. If the cords be attached to fittings &* on
top of sash frames these recesses a enable the fittings to enter them and so allow of
top of window sash to come up to the line of daylight.
The
As shown in Figures 1 and 2 the end 6" of the weighted chain or cord & passed
over the pulley would be attached to a slotted kneed bracket or plate c.
lower flanged end c" of the plate c would portably enter a recess in the edge of
the lower sash frame B below the plate c³, and slide up and down with said sash
frame. But when the sash frame was desired to be swivelled within the apartment
it would be drawn up until the top of the plate c came against the bracket c' secured
to fixed style A' of window where it would be caught or clutched, and the sash
frame can then be swivelled out, leaving its hanging cord in the bracket plates c c'.
While on swivelling in the frame again the flange c¹ of bracket will enter the
recess c³, and the cord be thus again portably attached to sash frame. Figures 4
and 5 show detached views of the plates c, c', and Figure 6 a corresponding view of
the plate c. Figure 18 shows a view of a bracket plate c which would be screwed
to the fixed frame A' at a level with and on the opposite side of window to that of
the bracket plate c', so as to act as a top stop for the lower sash frame B.
The inner guide batten rods C are hinged at C', C, to the fixed frame A of
window, preferably for a distance extending from about a foot above the bottom
end of the lower sash up to near the top of the upper sash, so that the lower sash B
may be swivelled into the apartment for being cleaned or repaired, as shown
in Figures 1 and 2, and snibs or catches may be fitted to secure the batten rods C
in their swivelled in closed position. In like manner for getting the upper and
outer sash B' removed into the apartment for cleaning or repair, as shown in
Figure 2, the top part D of its race in the fixed frame A would be filled up to the
level of the centre parting bead, and have a feather D' fitted in the centre of this
filling up piece D, with a groove in the centre of the vertical style B of the upper
sash B' working on this feather D₁ so as to slide up and down; and when the upper
sash B' was brought down below the level of this filling up piece D and feather D¹
it could be swivelled out in a similar manner to the lower sash for being cleaned or
repaired. The cord b would be attached to the filling up piece D, and in the closed
position of the window the sash frame B' would be secured to the piece D by a slip
bolt d working within a housing d', said bolt entering a socket recess through a
plate d in the piece D, so that this piece D slides up and down with the top sash
frame B'. But when the window is desired to be swivelled within the apartment
the bolt dis disengaged from the piece D, and the latter with the hanging cord,
remains in its top position, and the sash frame B' is then brought down and
swivelled out on its hinges. Figure 7 represents a view of the slip bolt d and its
housing frame d¹, Figure 8 a view of the socket plate d', and Figure 9 a
corresponding view of the plate on end of slip bolt housing frame.
The sash frames B, B', would be swivelled on their one edge into the apartment,
the lower one being opposite the opening parts of the batten rods C, each on a pair
of hinges. The hinges of the upper sash frame B₁ would consist of vertical
spindles e formed on plates el screwed to the sliding sash, and these spindles would
be made to enter socket collars e formed on plates e" screwed to the fixed
frame A¹; while the spindle e of the upper hinge would be formed with a projecting
lug so that when the sash frame is swivelled within the apartment this lug e shall
bear below the recessed socket e and act as a stop to prevent any sliding movement
of sash in this swivelled position. Figures 10 and 11 represent views of the top
hinge parts, and Figures 12 and 13 corresponding views of the lower hinge parts of
upper sash frame. Figures 14 and 15 represent corresponding views of the top
hinge of lower sash B and Figures 16 and 17 similar views of the bottom hinge of
said sash. With the lower sash the vertical spindles e e' are secured to the fixed
frame A of window and the socket parts ee" to the sash frame B, and when the

page_text: sash is swivelled out the socket plate e of the lower hinge enters a slotted recess e
in the plate e" which acts as a stop and prevents any sliding movement of the sash
frame in the swivelled out position. Figure 19 is a detached view of a plate E
which would be screwed to the lower end of the edge of lower sash frame B, while
Figure 20 is a view of a similar plate E which would be screwed to part of fixed
frame over which the bottom of batten rod C works.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
First. The construction or arrangement and combination of the parts of window
sash frames and their fittings for enabling them to be swivelled within the
apartments of buildings, substantially as herein described in reference to and
shown in the accompanying drawings.
Second. The mode and means of suspending and operating the sash frames of
windows, whereby the suspending chains or cords can be detached from or attached
to the sash frames when these are to be swivelled out or in respectively,
substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Third. In swivelling window sash frames, the forming of the hinges with stop or
lock fittings to prevent any sliding movement of sasli frames in their swivelled
out position, substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In connection with sliding window sash frames the fitting of the sash
suspending pulleys within a recess or recesses in the top lintel part of fixed frames,
substantially as herein described.
Deted the 30th day of June 180
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.