A Telephonic System for the Transmission of News.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 8th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Telephonic System for the Transmission of News.
I THEODOR PUSKAS of 10 Badgasse, in the City of Budapesth in the Kingdom
of Hungary do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A TELEPHONIC
SYSTEM FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF NEWS" to be as follows :-
The circulation of news of all kinds amongst the public, whether of local, national
or international interest, forms at the present time a certain kind of monopoly of
the newspaper press, which in spite of the circulation and improvements in the
organisation and arrangement of the same, has not been able to keep pace, as to
continuity and rapidity in transmitting news, with the increased desire of the public
for rapid communication of news.
In our age of rapidity where everyone wants to gain intelligence not only of
what occurs within or relates to his immediate sphere of interest, but of all
interesting occurrences of the entire globe, and with the greatest rapidity, even the
modern and best organised newspaper cannot work with sufficient rapidity, as even
the better class of newspapers only appear twice daily (with the exception of
special newspapers in the great commercial centres, for instance such as London,
where five to six editions appear daily) and the ordinary newspapers in no way.
satisfy the demands of the public.
The printing of so many editions of newspapers however causes enormous expense
and considerable work, and can even then, in proportion to the rapidity with which
news can be transmitted in telephonic manner, be only circulated considerably later
than the latter, as the setting up of the type, stereotyping, printing, forwarding,
and distribution of the finished newspaper consumes considerable time.
These requirements of the public to obtain intelligence from all parts of the
world in the quickest possible manner, is intended to be fulfilled by my projected
telephonic news transmitting system. My telephonic news transmitter differs from
all kinds of newspapers and other news transmitters therein that the news is not
communicated through the intermediation of the printers press, and is not destined
to be read by subscribers on the other hand each article or other news is com-
municated to the subscribing public direct by means of the telephone transmitting
instrument.
My improved telephonic news transmitting device, can be employed in combina-
It is
tion with existing telephonic arrangements, or can form a separate system.
immaterial whether the telephonic service to which the telephone transmitting
system is connected, is arranged for simple service with earth contact, or for double
All these
service it is also immaterial what kind of telephone the subscriber uses.
particulars were taken into consideration in working out the project of the
telephonic news transmitting system.
An official placed in the editors office of the telephonic news transmitting system
speaks from the text of the news before him into a telephone transmitter which, as
subsequently described, by means of special devices and opening up the necessary
connection, will transmit the news through the line to the subscriber, so that the
news will be reproduced at every station on the entire system.
The news is read aloud during a predetermined time, or continuously the whole
day, without taking into consideration whether anyone is listening to the same or
not. The text, the single recitation of which would only consume a few minutes,
is continuously repeated. New text is read aloud for instance from hour to hour,
or in shorter or longer periods, hence the telephonic news transmitter will always
record the latest occurrences, or in other words will reproduce the history of the
past hour.
If a subscriber desires to hear the latest news, he need only call up his ordinary

page_text: telephone station, and have his apparatus connected to the telephonic news
transmitting office, when he will be able to hear the most recent series of news
which has just been published.
As soon as the official in the head office begins to repeat what has already been
heard, the subscriber hangs up his instrument and rings the exchange, when his
connection with the telephonic news transmitting system will be detached, and the
subscriber be enabled to converse by the ordinary telephonic lines as customary.
If therefore the intelligence is continuously communicated for a period of an
hour, the subscriber will only have to open up a connection with the telephonic
news transmitting system for a few minutes once an hour, and he will always be
kept informed of the latest occurrences.
Any number of subscribers can be simultaneously connected to the telephonic
news transmitting system, each one hearing the voice of the official clearly, whether
a subscriber is connected alone, or whether several hundreds of subscribers are
simultaneously connected with the system.
The subscribers are all connected with the telephonic news transmitting system,
but they are not able either by signs of approval or disapproval, or by continuous
ringing or forcibly breaking the connection, to stop the reading aloud of the
latest intelligence, the arrangement being such that however large the number
of hearers, the same can clearly hear what is being read aloud, but no one of
such hearers can communicate with another hearer, or with the official reading
the same aloud.
As soon as I had formed the determination to produce this telephonic news
transmitting system, I was obliged to consider in the first instance by means of
what technical device I could most advantageously transmit the telephonic
intelligence simultaneously to a large number of hearers. The simplest method
for attaining the desired result appears to be as follows:-
The transmitter for the reader forms with the primary coils of the ordinary
induction coil, a circuit, whereas the end of the secondary coils of the induction
coil is connected with the wires of all the hearers by means of a suitable
device or rail, the end of the secondary coil running to earth. It will be evident
that in this device all the subscribers who are metallically connected with the
secondary coils of the induction coil can hear the reader simultaneously more
or less clearly according to the number of subscribers connected to the telephonic
news transmitting system at one and the same time.
This device however will not be likely to attain perfectly satisfactory results
for the reason that all of the subscribers are simultaneously connected not only
with the system, but also metallically with each other, consequently the speaking
or ringing of one of the subscribers will be just as well heard as the words of
the reader. In this manner it would be in the hands of the public to disturb the
reading by calls or speaking, or to entirely stop the same by continuous ringing.
Now in order to entirely preclude the above described disadvantages, it is
necessary to avoid the wires of the separate subscribers coming into metallic
connection with each other, and it is therefore necessary to have a separate induc-
tion coil in the telephonic central exchange, or in the office of the telephonic news
transmitting system for each subscriber. These said coils can be applied in two
different ways, as given below:
:
Firstly That for each subscriber a special transmitter and battery is provided
and all of these transmitters brought within reach of the reader, whereby it will
be evident without further explanation that all the subscribers will be able to hear
the voice of the reader without one of the same being able in any way to disturb or
molest the other.
Secondly By using a special induction coil for each subscriber and setting the
same in operation by a common transmitter and battery.
The essential feature of my invention consequently lies in a correct choice of
the number of coils to be employed and the method of connecting the same.
An appropriate number of suitable galvanic elements which are to be as constant

page_text: as possible and correspond with the entire resistance of the primary current are
used as battery. Any good transmitter (battery telephone or microphone) can be
used as transmitting instrument by the reader. The novel and characteristic
feature in this device is the combination of the transmitter used by the reader with
a large number of induction coils, of which as originally given such a number must
be provided as will correspond with the maximum number of subscribers connected
at one and the same time. If for instance a system is arranged for a maximum
of fifty subscribers hearing at one and the same time, the battery and transmitter
must be connected to fifty induction coils. If 300 hearers are to be simultaneously
connected, 300 induction coils must also be arranged in connection with the battery
and transmitter.
In reference to the method of connecting the primary coils of all the spools
connected to the transmitter, it must be remarked that it is of the greatest advan-
tage that the same be serially connected, although the single coils can be connected
parallel to each other or in parallel series. The dimensions of the induction coil
depend on the construction of the transmitter used, and the number of coils
connected to form one system. It will be evident that it is possible to connect
two or more subscribers with one and the same secondary coil, only in this case
the subscribers will be dependent on each other, and lose the advantage of using a
separate coil for each hearer.
An indicator flap is arranged between the secondary coils of the separate
secondary spools and the points of connection. These indicators can be arranged
on the well known system of automatically breaking the current. These indicators
have the same effect as the ordinary flaps in the telephone offices, that is, for
notifying to the official at the central office that the connection is to be released.
These indicators can be made automatic in order to prevent the continuous ringing
of the subscribers connected to the telephonic news transmitting system, and thus
avoid as far as possible the disturbance which could be caused in neighbouring
lines through induction by continuous ringing.
The devices to be used in the central telephonic station for connecting the
telephonic news transmitting system with the wires of the telephone service are
omitted as well known.
It will be evident that the arrangement mentioned above can be modified in
various ways, for instance by the combination of the arrangement of a number of
induction coils with a common transmitter and battery and the aforedescribed
application of a transmitter within reach of the voice of the reader. If for instance
10 transmitters are arranged within reach of the voice of the reader, and 10 induc-
tion coils are connected to each transmitter, 100 hearers can be simultaneously
connected with the telephonic news transmitting system, and be attended to by
one and the same reader. If necessary this combination might be applied for
multiplying the voice of the reader within certain limits, the hearers not being able
to interrupt the same.
A construction in which separate induction coil of appropriate size is used for
each hearer, same being essentially identical with the aforedescribed device and
the primary coils of which are simultaneously in connection with all the hearers,
the secondary coil however with each separate subscriber and all connected to one
transmitter for the reader, can be employed for the use of six persons, and consists
of the transmitter, the battery, the common primary coils of the induction coil to
which the secondary coils for each subscriber are applied and connected with the
subscribers wire. If these secondary coils are placed so far apart that no induction
from one to the other can occur, this arrangement can be advantageously applied.
It will be evident that instead of a reader a phonograph can be employed for
transmitting the latest news.
ليكن
1
CT 1
1000
E. P. ALEXANDER & SON, Fels. Chartd. Inst. P.A.,
19, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Telephonic System for the Transmission of News.
1, THEODOR PUSKAS of 10 Badgasse in the City of Budapest in the Kingdom
of Hungary, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
The circulation of news of all kinds amongst the public, whether of local,
national, or international interest, forms, at the present time, a certain kind of
monopoly of the newspaper press, which, in spite of the circulation and improve-
ments in the organisation and arrangement of the same, has not been able to keep
pace as to continuity and rapidity in transmitting news with the increased desire of
the public for rapid communication of news.
In our age of rapidity, where everyone wants to gain intelligence not only of
what occurs within or relates to his immediate sphere of interest, but of all
interesting occurrences of the entire globe, and with the greatest rapidity, even the
modern and best organized news-paper cannot work with sufficient rapidity, as,
even the better class of newspapers only appear twice daily (with the exception of
special newspapers in the great commercial centres, for instance, such as London,
where five to six editions appear daily) and the ordinary newspapers in no way
satisfy the demands of the public.
The printing of so many editions of newspapers, however, causes enormous
expense and considerable work, and can even then, in proportion to the rapidity
with which news can be transmitted in telephonic manner, be only circulated
considerably later than the latter, as the setting up of the type stereotyping,
printing, forwarding, and distribution of the finished newspaper, consume consider-
able time.
These requirements of the public to obtain intelligence from all parts of the
world in the quickest possible manner, is intended to be fulfilled by my projected
telephonic news-transmitting system.
My telephonic news-transmitter differs from all kinds of newspapers and other
news transmitters, therein that the news is not communicated through the inter-
mediary of the printers press, and is not destined to be read by subscribers; on
the other hand, each article or other news is communicated to the subscribing
public direct, by means of the telephonic transmitting instrument.
My improved telephonic news-transmitting device can be employed in combination
with existing telephonic arrangements or can form a separate system.
It is immaterial whether the telephonic service to which the telephonic trans-
mitting system is connected, is arranged for simple service with earth contact, or
for double service; it is also immaterial what kind of telephone the subscriber
uses. All these particulars were taken into consideration in working out the project
of the telephonic news transmitting system.
An official placed in the editor's office of the telephonic news transmitting system
speaks from the text of the news before him into a telephonic transmitter, which,
as subsequently described, by means of special devices and opening up the necessary
connection, will transmit the news through the line to the subscriber, so that the
news will be reproduced at every station on the entire system.
The news is read aloud during a predetermined time, or continuously the whole
day, without taking into consideration whether anyone is listening to the same or
not. The text, the single recitation of which would only consume a few minutes,
is continuously repeated. New text is read aloud, for instance, from hour to hour,
or in shorter or longer periods, hence the telephonic news-transmitter will always
record the latest occurrences, or, in other words, will reproduce the history of the
past hour.
If a subscriber desires to hear the latest news, he need only call up his ordinary

page_text: telephone station, and have his apparatus connected to the telephonic news-
transmitting office, when he will be able to hear the most recent series of news
which has just been published.
As soon as the reader in the head office begins to repeat what has already been
heard, the subscriber hangs up his instrument and simply rings off, whereupon his
connection with the telephonic news transmitting office is automatically broken,
and he can then re-establish his ordinary telephonic connection with his clients.
If, therefore, the intelligence is continuously communicated for a period of an
hour, the subscriber will only have to open up a connection with the telephonic
news-transmitting system for a few minutes once an hour, and he will always be
kept informed of the latest occurrences. Any number of subscribers can be
simultaneously connected to the telephonic news transmitting system, each one
hearing the voice of the reader loudly and distinctly, whether a subscriber is
connected alone, or whether several hundreds of subscribers are simultaneously
listening.
The subscribers are all connected with the telephonic news transmitting system,
but they are not able either by signs of approval or disapproval, or by continuous
ringing, or forcibly breaking the connection, to stop the reading aloud of the
latest intelligence, the arrangement being such, that however large the number of
hearers, the same can clearly hear what is being read aloud, but no one of such
hearers can communicate with another hearer, or with the official reading the same
aloud.
As soon as I had formed the determination to produce this telephonic news-
transmitting system, I was obliged to consider, in the first instance, by means of
what technical device I could most advantageously transmit intelligence simul-
taneously to the largest number of hearers. The simplest method for attaining
the desired result appears to be as follows (as shown in Fig. 7).
b of the
The transmitter T of the reader, forms, with the primary coils a,
ordinary induction coil I, a circuit, whereas the end d, of the secondary coils of
the induction coil is connected with the wires 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 etc. of all the hearers
by means of a suitable device or rail (Lamelle) D', the end c of the secondary
coil running to earth.
It will be evident that, in this device, all the subscribers at D¹ who are
metallically connected with the secondary coils of the induction coil, can hear the
reader simultaneously more or less distinctly according to the number of subscribers
connected to the telephonic news-trausmitting system at one and the same time.
This device, however, will not be likely to attain perfectly satisfactory results
for the reason that all of the subscribers are simultaneously connected not only
with the system, but also in direct metallic connection with each other, consequently
the speaking or ringing of any one of the subscribers will be just as well heard as
the words of the reader. In this manner, it would be entirely in the hands of the
public to disturb the reading by calls or speaking, or to entirely stop the same by
continuous ringing.
Now in order to entirely preclude the above described disadvantages, it is
necessary to avoid the wires of the individual subscribers coming into metallic
connection with each other, and it is therefore necessary to have a separate
induction coil in the telephonic central-exchange, or in the office of the telephonic
news-transmitting system for every individual subscriber. These said coils can be
applied in two different ways as given below: firstly, for the special coil of each
subscriber, a special transmitter with battery is established, and all these trans-
mitters are brought within sound of the voice of the reader, whereby it will be
evident, without further explanation, that all the subscribers will be able to hear
the voice of the reader without one of the same being able in any way to disturb.
or molest the other.
Secondly By using a special induction coil for each subscriber and setting the
same in operation by a transmitter with a battery common to all of the coils, as
shown in Fig. 1 and 2 of the drawings and hereafter explained.

page_text: The essential feature of my invention, consequently, lies in the correct choice of
the number of coils to be employed and the method of connecting the same.
In order that my invention may be better understood, I will explain same with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a device used when the reader is connected with the whole system by
simple service, whilst Fig. 2 shows the device when the reader is connected with
the system by double service.
As is seen on comparing Figs. 1 and 2, the arrangement of the primary circuit s. s.
is the same whether the connection with the subscriber be simple or double. Both
in Fig. 1 and 2, B represents the battery in whose circuit the transmitter T
(battery-telephone or microphone) and the primary coils of all the induction
coils I, 12, 13 etc. are connected in the way shown in the drawings.
A number of suitable galvanic cells which are to be as constant as possible,
forms the battery, such number corresponding with the entire resistance of the
primary circuit. Any good transmitter (battery-telephone or microphone) can he
used as transmitting instrument by the reader. The novel and characteristic
feature in this device is the combination of the transmitter T used by the reader,
with a large number of induction-coils I, of which, as originally given, such a
number must be provided as will correspond with the maximum number of
subscribers connected i.e. listening at one and the same time. If, for instance, a
system is arranged for a maximum of fifty subscribers connected at one and the
same time, the battery 13 and transmitter I must be connected to fifty induction
coils. If 300 listeners are to be simultaneously connected, 30 induction coils must
also be arranged in connection with the battery and transmitter.
In reference to the method of connecting the primary coils of all the spools
connected to the transmitter, it must be remarked that it is of the greatest
advantage that the same be serially connected as shown in Fig. 1 and 2, although
the single coils can be connected parallel to each other, as shown in Fig. 5, or in
parallel series as shown in Fig. 6. In Fig. 5 and 6, the connections of the secondary
coils are omitted in order to make the system clearer; they are, however, precisely
as shown in Fig. 1 and 2.
The dimensions of the induction coil depend on the construction of the trans-
mitter T used, and the number of coils connected to form one system. It will be
evident that it is possible to connect two or more subscribers with one and the
same secondary coil, only in this case the subscribers will be dependent on each
other, and thus lose the advantage of having a separate coil for themselves.
In Fig. 1 and 2, A1, A2, A3 etc. represent indicator Haps which are arranged
between the secondary coils of the separate secondary coils and the points of
connection D, D, D etc.
Figures 3 & 4 show a front view of these indicators which can be arranged on
the well known principle of automatically breaking the current.
An indicator flap is arranged between the secondary coils of the separate
secondary spools and the points of connection. These indicators can be arranged
on the well-known system of automatically breaking the current. These indicators
have the same effect as the ordinary flaps in the telephone office, that is, for
notifying to the official at the central office that the connection is to be released.
These indicators can be made automatic, in order to prevent the continuous ringing
of the subscribers connected to the telephonic news-transmitting system, and thus
avoid, as far as possible, the disturbances which could be caused in neighbouring
lines through induction during continuous ringing.
The devices to be used in the central telephone station for connecting the
telephonic news-transmitting system at D. D. D. D with the wires of the telephonic
service, are omitted as well known; they must, as a rule, correspond to those of
the telephonic exchange having a switch board and with which the telephonic
news office is to be connected.
It will be evident that the arrangement mentioned above can be modified in
various ways, for instance by the combination of the arrangement of a number of

page_text: induction coils with a common transmitter and battery, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2,
and the aforedescribed application of a transmitter within sound of the voice of
the reader. If, for instance, ten transmitters are arranged within sound of the
voice of the reader, and ten induction coils are connected to each transmitter,
100 hearers can be simultaneously connected with the telephonic news-transmitting
system, and be attended to by one and the same reader. If necessary this com-
bination might be applied for multiplying the voice of the reader within certain
limits, the listeners not being able to interrupt the same.
With the construction shown in Fig. 1 and 2, in which separate induction coils of
appropriate size are used for each listener, same being essentially identical with the
afore-described device, and the primary coils of which are simultaneously in con-
nection with all the listeners, the secondary coils however, with each separate
subscriber, and all connected with one transmitter for the reader, can be employed,
as, for example, is shown in Fig. 8, for the use of six persons, and consists of the
transmitter T, the battery B, the common primary coils a-b the induction coils
connected with same, to which the special secondary coils i, 2, 13, 1, 1, 16, connected
at d', d², d³, d³, ds, d, with the wires for each subscriber are applied. If these
secondary coils are placed so far apart that no induction from one to the other can
occur, this arrangement can be advantageously applied. It will be evident that,
instead of a reader, a phonograph can be employed for transmitting the latest
news.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A telephonic news transmitter or device for communicating news of all
description directly to one or simultaneously to a number of subscribers, either
continuously or at given periods from a central news transmitting station, consisting
of a transmitter, battery belonging to same and induction coils to whose secondary
coils the wires of all the subscribers can be directly connected by said central
station substantially as set forth and demonstrated in the drawings.
2. In a telephonic news transmitter or device for communicating news of all
description directly to one or simultaneously to a number of subscribers, the
improved manner of circuiting the induction coils (Fig. 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8) with the
transmitter and with the conductors leading to the subscribers in such manner that
the primary circuit is made common to all coils, whilst in the secondary circuit
each coil is kept separate, thus having each a direct and independent connection
with the central or news transmitting station substantially as described and shown
in the drawings.
3. In an improved telephonic news transmitter or device for communicating
news of all description directly to one or simultaneously to a number of subscribers,
the use of several transmitters each connected with one or more induction coils
substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
4. In an improved telephonic news transmitter or device for communicating
news of all description directly to one or simultaneously to a number of subscribers,
the use of one transmitter in combination with a number of induction coils substan-
tially as and for the purpose described and shown in the drawings.
Dated this 15th a
11000
E. P. ALEXANDER & SON, Fels. Chartd. Inst. P.A.,
19, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.