Improvements in Crushing and Grinding Machinery.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Crushing and Grinding Machinery.
I GEORGE ERNEST SHERWIN of Central Works Alma Street Aston near Birming-
ham in the County of Warwick Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to crushing and grinding machinery consisting essentially
of a series of rollers made to travel around the interior of a pan between the
peripheries of which rollers and the bottom of the pan the material is crushed and
ground.
My said invention consists in constructing and arranging the parts of the said
crushing and grinding machinery in the following manner.
The circular pan in which the crushing and grinding is effected is supported on feet
a short distance above the ground or floor the vertical shaft by which the horizontal
shafts of the rollers (preferably three) are carried round working in a central bearing
on the bottom of the pan. The lower end of the said vertical shaft carries a bevil
toothed wheel with which a bevil pinion on a horizontal shaft under the pan gears.
One end of the said horizontal shaft carries a pulley to which rotation is given by a steam
engine or other prime mover. The pan has a false or removable bottom on which the
crushing and grinding takes place which said bottom can be renewed as occasion may
require.
The top of the vertical axis carries a shute the mouth of which is concentric with
the said shaft the lower end of the said shute terminating in front of one of the rollers.
Immediately over the said shute is a horizontal shaft driven from the shaft at the base
of the machine and carrying near its middle an eccentric disc. Over the said
horizontal shaft is a hopper into which the material to be crushed and ground is
placed. The lower end of the hopper rests on the eccentric described and in the
working of the machine the eccentric gives a vibratory motion to the hopper and
thereby secures the regular descent of the material in it to the shute and from thence
to the pan.
Scrapers carried round by the vertical shaft scrape the material which has been
operated upon in the following manner. One of the said scrapers scrapes the material
which has been operated upon by the first roller in front of the second roller and after
the material has been operated upon by the second roller it is scraped in front of
the third roller and after it has been operated upon by the third roller it is scraped by
a long scraper to a shute down which it falls to a rotating cylindrical inclined screen
by which it is screened. The coarse particles pass from the lower end of the screen
into a receptacle from which they are raised by an elevator into a receptacle at the top
of the machine by which they are delivered by means of an archimedian screw into
the top shute down which they fall into the pan to be again operated upon.
The action of the machine is as follows:-Thé material to be crushed and ground is
charged into the hopper by the vibratory motion of which it is regularly fed to the
shute by which it is delivered into the pan in front of the first roller. After the first
roller has passed over and crushed and ground it the material is collected
by the first scraper in front of the second roller by which it is further crushed
and ground. It is thus scraped by the second scraper in front of the third
roller and still further crushed and ground. By the third scraper the crushed and
ground material is brought to an opening in the pan down which it falls to the rotating
screen. The fine particles are thus separated from the coarser particles which latter are
raised by the elevator to the conveyor from there they pass to the pan and are again
operated upon.
Dated this 10th day of December 1888
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
"
Improvements in Crushing and Grinding Machinery.
I GEORGE ERNEST SHERWIN of Central Works Alma Street Aston near Birming-
ham in the County of Warwick Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to crushing and grinding machinery consisting essen-
tially of a series of rollers made to travel around the interior of a pan between the
peripheries of which rollers and the bottom of the pan the material is crushed and
ground.
My said invention consists in constructing and arranging the parts of the said
crushing and grinding machinery in the following manner.
The circular pan in which the crushing and grinding is effected is supported on feet
a short distance above the ground or floor the vertical shaft by which the horizontal
shafts of the rollers, preferably three, are carried round working in a central bearing
on the bottom of the pan. The lower end of the said vertical shaft carries a bevil
toothed wheel with which a bevil pinion on a horizontal shaft under the pan gears.
One end of the said horizontal shaft carries a pulley to which rotation is given by a
steam engine or other prime mover. The pan has a false or removable bottom on
which the crushing and grinding takes place which said bottom can be renewed as
occasion may require.
The top of the vertical axis carries a shute the mouth of which is concentric with
the said shaft the lower end of the said shute terminating in front of one of the rollers.
Immediately over the said shute is a horizontal shaft driven from the shaft at the base
of the machine and carrying near its middle an eccentric disc. Over the said
horizontal shaft is a hopper into which the material to be crushed and ground is
placed. The lower end of the hopper rests on the eccentric described and in the
working of the machine the eccentric gives a vibratory motion to the hopper and
thereby secures the regular descent of the material in it to the shute and from thence
to the pan.
Scrapers carried round by the vertical shaft scrape the material which has been operated
upon in the following manner. One of the said scrapers scrapes the material which has
been operated upon by the first roller in front of the second roller and after the material
has been operated upon by the second roller it is scraped in front of the third roller
and after it has been operated upon by the third roller it is scraped by a long scraper
to a shute down which it falls to a rotating cylindrical inclined screen by which it
is screened. The coarse particles pass from the lower end of the screen into a recep-
tacle from which they are raised by an elevator into a receptacle at the top of the
machine by which they are delivered by means of an Archimedian screw into the
top shute down which they fall into the pan to be again operated upon.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section partly in side elevation and Figure 14 a
portion in end elevation partly in cross section, machinery for crushing and grinding
constructed according to my invention; Figure 2 represents in plan the pan and
scrapers and Figure represents in plan the pan, rollers and shutes."
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
a is the fixed circular pan into which the material to be ground is delivered and
on the bottom of which the crushing and grinding is effected. The said pan a is
supported by the feet bb a short distance from the ground; e e² ³ are the three crushing
and grinding rollers. These rollers travel around the interior of the pan a and
between the peripheries of the said rollers and the bottom of the said pan the material
delivered into the pan is crushed and ground. The said rollers are carried by the
horizontal weighted shafts d, d, d driven by the vertical shaft c which works in the
central bearing ƒ on the bottom of the pan a. The said shaft c is driven from

page_text: the horizontal shaft i by the bevil wheels g, h the said shaft i being situated under the
pan and working in bearings carried by the feet b, 6 on which the pan a is supported.
The horizontal shaft i is driven by a band passing over the pulley k on one end of
the said shaft as represented in Figure 7; 7 is a false or removable bottom to the pan
on which bottom the crushing and grinding takes place. This false bottom may be
removed when worn and replaced by a new one. It will be seen by an examination of
the Drawing that the three rollers e, e², es are situated at different distances from
the vertical shaft c by which they are driven the roller e being situated the least distance
from the shaft; the roller being situated still further from the shaft and the
roller furthest from the shaft. The three rollers e, e², e³ are thereby made to travel
in different paths and to crush and grind in succession the material delivered and
scraped in front of them as hereinafter particularly explained.
The material to be crushed and ground is delivered on the bottom of the pan by the
shute m fixed to and carried round with the vertical shaft c. The upper end of the
shute m is situated concentric with the shaft c and the lower part terminates in front
of the first roller e of the series, or the roller of least distance from the centre
of the shaft c. The material is delivered into the shute m from the vibrating hopper 8
in which it is placed the said hoppers being worked from the horizontal shaft n over
the machine by means of the eccentric r on which the lower end of the hopper rests,
the said eccentric giving the required vibratory motion to the said hopper and
thereby securing the regular descent of the material in it to the shute m and from the
said shute to the pan a.
The upper horizontal shaft n working the vibrating hopper s
is driven from the lower shaft i through the pulleys p and q and a driving band
working over them.
Carried round by the vertical shaft c are three scrapers t, 2, 3 of different radius
as best seen in figure 2 by which the material delivered on the bottom of the pan is in
succession scraped in front of the rollers e² and e³ and from the roller e³ to a delivery shute.
That is to say the material which has been delivered in front or in the path of the
rollere of least distance from the vertical shaft c is scraped by the short scraper t³ in
front of the second roller e and after the material has been operated upon by the
second roller it is scraped by the longer scraper 2 in front of the third roller e and
after it has been operated upon by the third roller e it is scraped by the longest
scraper t into the shute u at one side of the fixed pan a down which shute it falls to
a rotating cylindrical inclined screen w by which it is screened. The coarse particles
pass from the lower end of the screen w into the receptacle containing an Archi-
median screw from which receptacle they are raised by the elevator y into the
receptacle at the top of the machine by which they are delivered by means of
the Archimedian screw 2 into the top shute m down which they fall into the pan a to
to be again operated upon by the rollers.
The scrapers t, t², t³ are connected to the upper part of the vertical shaft c by means
of hanging brackets not shown in the Drawing.
The action of the machine is as follows :—The material to be crushed and ground is
charged into the hoppers by the vibratory motion of which it is regularly fed to the
shute m by which it is delivered into the pan a in front of the first roller e. After the
first roller e has passed over and crushed and ground it the material is collected by the
first scraper in front of the second roller e by which it is further crushed and
ground. It is then scraped by the second scraper 12 in front of the third roller e³ and
still further crushed and ground. By the third scraper t the crushed and ground
material is brought to the shute u at one side of the pan a down which shute it falls to
the rotating screen w. The fine particles are thus separated from the coarser particles
which latter are raised by the elevator y to the conveyor z from there they pass to
the pan and are again operated upon as hereinbefore described.
Although I have represented and prefer to use a series of three crushing and
grinding rollers in the pan yet two rollers or more than three rollers travelling in
different paths may be employed. When two rollers are used two scrapers only are
employed and when more than three rollers are used an equal number of scrapers are
employed,

page_text: And although I have described and represented machinery in which the material
is fed to the circular pan at the centre and the material operated upon is delivered
from the machinery at the edge of the pan yet that action may be reversed, that is, the
material may be fed into the pan at the edge thereof, and the crushed and ground
material delivered from the pan at the centre.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
as my invention of "Improvements in crushing and grinding machinery":
First The combination with a series of rollers made to travel round the interior of
a fixed pan of the shute m carried by the vertical shaft working the said rollers, the
top of the shute being concentric with the said vertical shaft and the lower end
delivering the material in front or in the path of the first roller of the series sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly Arranging the series of rollers at different distances from the central
vertical shaft by which they are driven so that they travel in different paths on the
bottom of the pan for the purpose and substantially as herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly The combination with rollers travelling in different paths of scrapers of
different radius working on the bottom of the pan and carried round by the vertical
shaft of the machine the said scrapers removing the material operated upon by one
roller in front of the next roller and finally removing it to a shute down which it falls
to a screen substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Lastly The general arrangement or combination of the parts of machinery for
crushing and grinding substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
'accompanying Drawing.
Dated the Thirteenth day of September 1889.