Improvements in the Manufacture of Hoops for Railway Springs and the like, and in the Tools used therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: 'Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 6th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 25th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hoops for Railway Springs and
the like, and in the Tools used therefor.
We, THOMAS TURTON & SONS, LIMITED, of Sheaf Works Sheffield, in the County
of York, Manufacturers, and JEREMIAH ROBERTS, of the same address, Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers more particularly to the hoops or buckles used for railway
draw springs, or buffer springs known as laminated or plate springs relating in
the first place to manufacture of such hoops or buckles, and in the seccond place
to the tools used in such manufacture.
The object of the invention is to ensure a perfect welding of the several parts, and
to reduce the cost of manufacture.
Such hoops or buckles consist of rectangular, oblong hoop, with two projecting
bars at each end termed buckles, between which the ends of the draw bars or buffer
rods are secured, and hitherto such hoops or buckles have been constructed by welding
an opened or U shaped piece to each end of an oblong hoop.
According to our invention we make two oblong rectangular end pieces, closed at
one end and open at the other, and draw out the outside corners of the closed ends to
form what is technically a scarfo.
The two end pieces are then connected at their closed ends, leaving a suitable
distance between them to form the central hoop, by welding upon them two side plates,
which with the closed ends of the end pieces form the central hoop and the buckles.
· The second part of the invention relates to the special tools used in the manufacture
of the above described hoops or buckles, namely the tools for welding, cutting off, and
pressing.
When the side plates and end pieces are stuck together in a preliminary weld, a
welding block is applied and the operation is completed between the pressing tools
which have an opening and closing motion.
The welding. block is to fit inside the hoop and between the buckles to support
and retain the form of such parts during the operation of welding; such tools are
used, and consist of a block of metal, with a gap to pass over the end plate of
the hoop portion, so that one part of the block can fit into the hoop, and the other
part into the buckle. The tool is knocked in and out of its position, and becomes
quickly damaged, and eventually useless, and to obviate this destruction of such
tools, we propose to make them in detachable parts, so that the parts most likely
to be damaged may be replaced. Thus we make a strong back plate of iron or
steel, and we fit the parts which are separated by the gap before mentioned, to
the said back plate in such a manner that they can be removed when requisite, to
be renewed.
These removable parts may be faced with hard steel on any part most liable to be
damaged, and as this is to a great extent caused by striking the tool, to drive it off the
hoop, we provide it with a projecting face to be used for this purpose alone and thus
protect the tool and its working faces.
The pressing tool is to press the welds and the adjacent parts of the hoop or buckle
when the welding block is inserted as before described.
It consists of a top and bottom face or block fitted to the jaws of an ordinary
squeezer or pressing machine, or other suitable machine or tool, so that when the
forging of the hoop with the welding block is placed between them, and the machine
caused to operate, the pressure of the two faces perfects the weld, and finishes both the
inside and the outside configuration of the hoop. We may add to the pressing tool a
top and bottom projection to be used when the first described welding block is
removed, for flattening the end plate of the hoop portion before mentioned.
TD 077

page_text: To round or otherwise shape the extreme ends of the bars which form the buckles,
we construct a cutter bed supported between two sides, at such a height that the
bottom bar can pass under it and the upper bar rest upon it; the front of the bed is
faced with steel, and suitably shaped, and a top cutter of corresponding form is
arranged either to be held by band, or, to be fitted to the top jaw of a machine.
When the first end has been shaped, the forging is withdrawn and the other end
operated upon.
Dated the 6th day of January 1800
ROBT. F. DRURY,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Hoops for Railway Springs and
the like, and in the Tools used therefor.
We, THOMAS TURTON & SONS, LIMITED, of Sheaf Works, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Manufacturers, and JEREMIAH ROBERTS, of the same address, Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention refers more particularly to the hoops or buckles in connection with
railway drawsprings or buffer springs, of the class known as laminated or plate
springs, and relates in the first place to the manufacture of such hoops or buckles, and
in the second place to the tools used in such process of manufacture.
And in order that our Specification may be perfectly clear, we have annexed
drawings of the boop and tools described, similar letters of reference indicate similar
parts in any of the figures :-
Fig. 1, is a side elevation and plan of a hoop.
Fig. 2, shows the method of constructing or building up same, the separate parts
being shown in position.
Fig. 3, side elevation of the welding tool.
Fig. 4, face of same tool, with removable faces.
Fig. 5, face of similar tool, with renewed edges.
Fig. 6, plan of "cutting off and shaping tool."
Fig. 7, side elevation of same tool.
Fig. 8, front elevation of ditto.
Fig. 9, back elevation of ditto.
Fig. 10, cutter to be used with same.
Figs. 11, and 12, pressing tools.
Hoops for the purpose mentioned, and to which our invention refers, are of the
form shown in Fig. 1, consisting of a rectangular oblong hoop A, (through which, the
spring is passed) with two projecting side bars B at each end, forming buckles,
between which the ends of the drawbars or buffer rods are secured, and hitherto such
combined hoops and buckles have been constructed by first making an oblong hoop,
and then welding an open end or U shaped piece upon each end of the hoop.
According to our invention we make two oblong rectangular end pieces C, Fig. 2
closed at one end and open at the other, and draw out the outside corners D, of the
closed ends to form what is technically called a 66 scarfe" for welding.
These two end pieces are then connected together at their closed ends by welding
upon them two side plates E, leaving a suitable distance between them to form the
hoop and in perfecting the welds, and bringing the forging to the finished size and
perfect shape, we use the special tools mentioned as the second part of our invention,
namely the welding, cutting off, and pressing tools.
;
When the side plates E, and end pieces C, are heated and stuck together in a
preliminary weld, the welding tool or block Figs. 3, 4, 5 is applied, and the forging
and shaping operation is completed between pressing faces Fig. 11, which may be used

page_text: as the top and bottom tools or faces of a steam hammer, or be used in a hydraulic or
other press.
The welding block is to fit inside the hoop A and between the buckle plate B
to support the metal during the finished welding, and to give the correct
rectangular form to the corners and other parts of the forging; and we are aware
that tools are used for this purpose consisting of a block of metal, with a gap to
pass over the end plate F of the hoop, so that one part of the block will fit inside
the hoop and the other part in the buckle, such tools are knocked in and out of
the forgings by the sledge hammer, and in a short time become thereby damaged
and useless, and to obviate this rapid destruction we propose to make the parts
most likely to be damaged, detachable, so that they may be removed, and replaced
by perfect ones when required.
'
According to one method we make the tool or welding block as shown in Figs. 3,
and 4, the parts G, H, I, and J, being solid with the handle L, the parts H, and I,
being provided with removable faces K, and K', of harder steel which may be secured
by screws or equivalent means, J is a solid projecting face or hammering block this
part only is to be struck with the hammer in driving out the tool. Or we may
encircle the parts I, and H, with renewable faces M and N, of harder steel, as shown
in Fig. 5.
Or we may make the parts H, I, and J, or either of them detachable from the
back G, and either face them or not, as may be desirable.
The pressing tools are shown in Fig. 11, and are marked P, and Q.-they are
shaped to the required outside configuration of the hoop, and are used when the
welding block is in the hoop, to press the welded parts together.
These tools may be used as top and bottom faces in a steam hammer, or in the jaws
of a squeezer, or hydraulic, or other like machine, so that when the forging of the
hoop with the welding block is placed between them and the machine set in motion,
the pressure of the faces P, and Q, will perfect the weld and finish the inside and
outside configuration of the hoop. We may add to the pressing tools a top and
bottom side projection see Fig. 12, to be used when the first described welding block
is removed, for flattening the end plate F.
To round the ends of the bars B (or to otherwise shape them as desired) we
construct a cutting tool illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, it consists of a bottom tool
or bed, the part R, which supports the cutting edge being made solid with and raised
between two sides S, so as to permit the bars B, to pass both above and below it, and
on each side of the cutting edge (which is shown semicircular in the drawings) are
guides T, and T, to receive and guide the cutter V, Fig. 10.
This bottom tool is intended to be held in the lower jaw of a stamp or punching
machine, and the cutter V, may be made with a handle as shown, and be held by the
hand, or it may be made to fit in the top jaw of the said machine, in which case the
guides may be dispensed with if advisable.
When cutting, the bar B, rests upon the top of the bed R, between the sides S,
as indicated by the dotted lines at W; the cutter V, is then placed in position in
the guides and is forced by the machine through the bar, cutting it to shape.
The hoop is turned over, and the other bar B, similarly dealt with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
1-In the manufacture of hoops for springs, of the form shown in Fig. 1, of
the drawings; the method of construction (or building up) the forging, by welding
two side plates E, upon two end staple-shaped pieces C, in the position shown in
Fig. 2, substantially as herein before described.
2-In the manufacture of hoops for springs; a welding tool having a back G,
supporting two blocks H, and I with removable faces, and a knocking off block J, in
combination, for the purpose specified, and substantially as hereinbefore described and
shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5.

page_text: 3-In the manufacture of hoops for springs, a cutting off tool, consisting of a
bottom cutter raised and supported between two side pieces provided with guides to
receive the top cutter; and a top cutter to be used by hand or to be fixed in a
machine, for the purpose specified, and substantially as hereinbefore described and
shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9.
4-In the manufacture of hoops for springs, constructed as herein before specified;
a pair of pressing tools shaped to correspond with the outward configuration of the
finished hoop, for pressing the hoop to shape, substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown in Fig. 11.
Dated the 4th law of Sentember 1800
ROBT. F. DRURY, Fel. Inst. P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicants.