IMPROVEMENTS IN HANGING CARRIAGES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, PATRICK NESS, of the Victoria Carriage Works, Nos 24 and 25 Long Acre, in
the county of Middlesex, Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the
said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HANGING CARRIAGES" to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in hanging Cee spring carriages with
perches whereby I am enabled to produce a cheaper carriage than the usual Cee
and under spring carriage and a carriage which is more elegant, compact, and
convenient, at the same time reducing both draught and weight.
In carrying out my invention I hang the carriage body on Cee springs or on
semi-elliptic Coe springs connected to an under spring or dumb-top under-spring
fixed to the axle. I use a cross bar, or bars, for the back part of the carriage
between the Cee spring and the under spring.
I bolt the top carriage to the boot of the body and connect the bed of the under
carriage direct to the semi-elliptic spring or Cee spring and use short leather braces
or the usual leather braces and jacks to connect the ends of the same.
I fix the perch to the top carriage as usual and carry it the length of the body
but fitted so as almost to touch the body through two thirds of its length; by this
arrangement I save the space between the body and the perch which is required in
the old form of Cee and under spring carriages and the front wheels of the carriage
can turn right under the body.
The perch is fixed to the bar or bars of the above named under springs or in
place of the bar or bars the perch may be divided one part being fixed direct to
each spring, the perch and body thereby moving together in the front of the
carriage with the action of the springs and forming a perfect connection between
the front and hind carriage allowing a break to be more effectively adapted to the
carriage than hitherto.
It will be obvious that two perches or a split perch may be employed, or a half
perch fixed to the body with jointed connection.

page_text: S
I PATRICK NESS, of the Victoria Carriage Works Nos 24 and 25 Long Acre, in
the county of Middlesex, Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in hanging Cee spring carriages with or
without perches, whereby I am enabled to produce a cheaper carriage than the
usual Cee and under spring carriage, and a carriage which is more elegant, compact,
and convenient, at the same time reducing both draught and weight.
In carrying out my invention I hang the carriage body on Cee springs or on
semi-elliptic Cee springs connected to an under spring, or dumb-top under-spring
fixed to the axle. I use a cross bar or bars between the hind Cee springs and the
under springs.
I bolt the top carriage to the boot of the body in the usual manner and connect
the bed of the under carriage direct to the semi-elliptic spring or Cee spring and
use the usual leather braces and jacks to connect the ends of the same.
I fix the perch (when a perch is employed) to the top carriage as usual and carry
it the length of the body but fitted so as almost to touch the body through about
two thirds of its length.
The perch is fixed at the back to the bar or bars of the above named under-
springs.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1, is an elevation
shewing the lower part of the body of a carriage provided with a perch, and hung
according to my invention, the Cee springs being connected to under-springs with
dumb-tops figure 2, is a view shewing a Cee spring connected to an under-spring
without a dumb-top. Similar letters in both the figures represent similar parts.
Referring to figure 1, A represents the body of the carriage and a, a, are the Ceo
springs on which the body of the carriage is hung; b, b, are the under-springs, and
c, c, are the dumb-tops of the same to which the Cee springs a, are connected by
means of bolts d, d, or clips the under springs b, being connected to the axles B, B,
of the wheels of the carriage as shewn; e, e, are the cross bars which are interposed
between the Cee springs a, and the dumb-tops c, of the under springs b; C represents
the top carriage of the front wheels and D, D, represent the beds of the top carriage
which are bolted to the boot E of the body A in the usual manner; F, is the bed of
the under carriage A¹, connected direct to the Cee Springs a through the semi-
elliptic springs one of which is shown at G; H, shews the usual body loops at the
back of the carriage and to these body loops the semi-elliptical springs G¹, at the
rear of the carriage are fixed by the bolts f,f; or clips I, I, are the usual leather
braces at the front and back of the carriage, which braces are connected to the ends
of the semi-elliptical springs G and C, at J; K, K, are the jacks for tightening up
the braces I, I; L represents the perch which is fixed to the beds of the top
carriage C, in the usual manner, but which is fitted as shewn so as almost to touch
the body A of the carriage through about two thirds of its length.

page_text: By this arrangement as will be seen by reference to the drawing I save the
space between the body and the perch which is required in the old form of Cee and
under-spring carriages and thereby allow of the carriage being hung much nearer
to the ground than hitherto, and the front wheels of the carriage can turn right
under the body.
The perch extends as shewn to the back of the carriage where it is fixed to the
bar e, herein before described.
In place of employing the bar e, (or bars) the back end of the perch L may be
divided or forked one part being fixed direct to each spring b, c, the perch Land
body A thereby moving together in the front of the carriage with the action of the
springs and forming a perfect connection between the front and hind carriage,
allowing a break to be more effectively adapted to the carriage than hitherto.
It will be obvious that two perches or a split perch may be employed or a half
perch fixed to the body with jointed connection.
In the arrangement illustrated in figure 2, the Cee spring a is shewn connected
direct to the under spring 6, the dumb top being dispensed with; otherwise the
construction is similar to that hereinbefore described and shewn in figure 1 and
therefore needs no further description.
It will be obvious that the carriage can, if required, be hung by Cee springs
connected direct to the bed of the under carriage in the manner hereinbefore
described, without employing a perch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a carriage the combination of Cee springs, under springs and perch so
arranged that the front wheels can turn right under the body of the carriage
substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
drawing.
2. In a carriage the use in combination with an under spring, of a Cee spring
connected direct to the bed of the under carriage, substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying drawing.
3. The improved carriage hereinbefore described and represented in the accom-
panying drawing.