Improvements in Scariflers for Roads and similar Surfaces.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 30th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by CARA JACKSON, of Paris, France.]
Improvements in Scariflers for Roads and similar Surfaces.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to scarifiers for roads and similar surfaces, and comprises
the improvements hereinafter set forth.
The scarifying of roads, that is to say, the breaking up of the hard surface of the
road to enable new material to bind with the old road is usually performed by hand
by means of picks. This method is very slow and expensive.
Scarifying machines in the form of a harrow, having a number of pointed tools
which cut up the roadway as they are drawn over it, have also been used. It has
been found difficult, however, in these machines, to regulate the depth to which the
tools are to cut, and to prevent their rubbing or drawing upon the road when not in
actual work. The steering of the said machines, morcover, is extremely difficult,
entails considerable labour, and cannot be relied upon to give the desired movement,
thereby frequently resulting in damage to manholes, gas and water boxes, and other
fittings which are usually placed in the carriageways of roads.
The main object of this invention is to obviate the above objections and to
provide a machine having a simple means of raising and lowering the tines, prongs
or pick-tools, so that they may cut into the road or other surface the desired
depth.
The said invention comprises, moreover, a novel method of raising the tines or
pick-tools out of action to prevent wear and rubbing upon the road or other surface
when not in use; a more convenient and simple means for steering the machine,
thus preventing damage to manholes, water boxes and other fittings in the carriage-
ways; and an improved arrangement for varying the weight of the machine to
render it more suitable to the varying requirements of different roads or other
surfaces.
The improved machine, moreover, is simple and efficient and requires only a
small amount of labour and attention in working.
In carrying my said invention into practice, I provide a heavy frame or body
mounted on four wheels, the side wheels varying in diameter to suit the camber of
the road. This body is constructed of east or wrought iron or other suitable
material, and may be either hollow or solid and weighted with water, metal or in
any other convenient manner. I thus provide very advantageous means of placing
weights into or on the body of the machine. The steering is effected by means of
worm-gearing or levers operating the trailing and front or steering wheel simul-
taneously or separately as desired. To raise the tines or pick-tools, I provide a
pick-tool box, somewhat similar to the tool-holders employed in metal planing-
machines, and having a lever to lift the pick-tools out of action. The depth of the
cut is regulated by steel, or other distance pieces, which take the thrust of each
tine or pick-tool upon a solid metal bed opposite the cutting point of the said tine
or pick-tool. To adjust or regulate the plane of cutting to suit the camber or
curve of the transverse section of the road or other surface, the body of the
machine is tilted by means of set-screws or by moving the wheels further apart, the
two side wheels being of different diameters as before mentioned.
It is obvious, moreover, that I can somewhat modify the construction of my

page_text: improved scarifier or machine for cutting up or picking the surface of roads or the
like, without departing from the nature of the said invention.
Dated this 28th day of March 1891.
HASELTİNE; LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Scarifiers for Roads and similar Surfaces.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co. Patent
Agents 45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to scarifiers for roads and similar surfaces and comprises
the improvements hereinafter set forth.
The scarifying of roads, that is to say the breaking up of the hard surface of
the road to enable new material to bind with the old road is usually performed by
hand by means of picks. This method is very slow and expensive.
Scarifying machines in the form of a harrow, having a number of pointed tools
which cut up the roadway as they are drawn over it have also been used. It has
been found difficult, however, in these machines to regulate the depth to which the
tools are to cut and to prevent their rubbing or drawing upon the road when not
in actual work. The steering of the said machines moreover is extremely difficult
and entails considerable labor and cannot be relied upon to give the desired move-
ment to enable the machine to pass clear of manholes, gas and water boxes, and
other fittings which are usually placed in the carriageways of roads. Considerable
damage to such boxes and fittings and to the scarifiers is thereby caused.
The object of this invention is to obviate the above objections and to provide
a machine having a simple means of raising and lowering the tines, prongs,
or pick-tools so that they may cut into the road or other surface the desired
depth.
The said invention comprises, moreover, a novel method of raising the tines or
pick tools out of action, to prevent wear and rubbing upon the road or other
surface when not in use; also more convenient and simple means of steering the
machine and an improved arrangement for varying the weight of the machine to
render it more suitable to the varying requirements of different roads or other
surfaces.
The machine moreover is more simple and efficient than those heretofore in use
and requires only a small amount of labor and attention in working.
In carrying my said invention into practice I provide a heavy frame or body,
mounted preferably on four wheels, the side wheels being preferably of such
diameter as to suit the camber of the road. This body is constructed of cast or
wrought iron or other suitable material and may be either hollow or solid. If hollow,
it may be weighted with water, and whether hollow or solid, may if desired be
weighted with metal, or in any other convenient manner, the construction of the
body being such that weights may be very conveniently placed thereon or therein.
The steering is preferably effected by means of worm gear working the trailing
and front wheels simultaneously. The tines or picktools are secured in a picktool
box which is hinged to the body of the machine and has a lover by which the said
box may be raised to lift the picktools out of action. The depth of the cut is
regulated by steel or other distance pieces placed behind the tines and which
take the thrust of each time or picktool upon a solid metal bed. To adjust or
regulate the plane of cutting to suit the camber or curve of the transverse section

page_text: of the road or other surface, the body of the machine may be arranged to be tilted
by means of set screws, or by moving the wheels further apart, the two side wheels
being preferably of slightly different diameters as before mentioned.
The machine is supported normally on four wheels of such size that they do not
descend into every small depression of the road. Mercover the two steering
wheels of the machine are a considerable distance apart and the body is therefore
far less liable to be influenced by irregularities of the road surface than in machines
as hitherto constructed. For example, at the time that any one of the four wheels.
is passing over a depression the three other wheels will probably be resting on
more level portions of the road and irregularities of the surface will not be
perpetuated as in scarifiers of other types.
In order that my invention may be more clearly understood I will now
proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawing in
which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a scarifier constructed according to my invention.
Figure 2 a plan and
Figure 3 an end elevation of the same.
Figure 4 being a vertical section of the tool-hox.
Similar reference letters are applied to corresponding parts in all the figures.
A is the body of the scarifier, B B are bars passing through the body of the
machine for supporting the guiding wheels at front and back of the machine.
CC are the pick-tool boxes, hinged at C, to the body. C, C, are levers secured
to each tool box by means of which the said boxes may be sufficiently rotated
upon the hinges C, to lift the tools clear of the road. To secure the said pick-
tool boxes in the raised position I attach to or provide upon the side of the body A.
suitable hooks or retaining devices, with which the levers C, or pawls carried by
the levers may engage. D is one of the side wheels supporting the machine, and
E is another side wheel of slightly less diameter to allow for the camber in the
road upon which the machine is working. F F are the guide wheels which are
carried in bearings in the forked lower ends of vertical spindles G which spindles
are free to turn in bearings in the body. The upper ends H of the vertical
spindles G have worm wheels JJ keyed upon them. These wheels are actuated
by worms K which are carried in bearings upon the body A and are geared
together by a chain L which passes round a pulley M at the end of each worm so
that both the vertical spindles may be operated simultaneously.
Upon the picktool boxes are wedged shaped teeth N (see Figure 4) which take
into correspondingly-shaped cavities in the sides of the body A, so that the
shocks received by the tool-boxes may be transmitted to the body of the machine.
00 are distance pieces which may be inserted above the ends of the picktools S
as shown to regulate the distance which the tools project from the tool boxes, and
thus to determine the depth of the cut. The pick-tools are secured in their places
by the set screws R.
Rings are formed in the ends of the side bars of the body A by means of which
the machine may be dragged along. Hooks eyes or other means of attachment
are provided near the steering wheels to allow a bar or bars to be used to prevent
the machine when drawn by any motor from overtaking the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. A scarifier or machine for breaking up the surface of roadways, provided
with guide wheels operated by connected worm gearing, substantially as described.
Second. The combination with a scarifier or machine for breaking up the surface
of roadways, of tool boxes hinged to the body of the scarifier and arranged to be
raised and lowered by means of levers substantially as and for the purpose
specified.

page_text: Third. A road scarifier constructed substantially as described with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of December 1891,
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.