ROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Holden, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of
Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Wool Combers, for the Invention
of IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN COMBING WOOL AND OTHER
FIBRES"
Sealed the 1st July 1879, and dated the 4th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Holden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1879.
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Machine Wool Combers. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
"
The improvements apply, first, when heating the travelling or holding combs by
steam, in manner of the character of that described in the Provisional Specification
of an application for Letters Patent made by me, bearing date the 31st of August
1878, No. 3457; 1 now find it desirable to prevent as much as possible the heat of
the steam which has been used in heating the said comb from operating to heat the
central stud or axis of the circle of comb teeth. For this purpose, in place of such
central stud being simply bored to receive the exhaust pipe by which the heat of
such exhaust steam still comes in contact with such stud to heat it, I apply the
upper end of such exhaust pipe within the stud into and so as to revolve with the
central tube receiving the radial inlet and outlet conducting arms, and the lower
part of such central tube with its exhaust tube attached thereto, as stated, is guided
in its rotation by a bearing carried by the top of the central stud above referred to,
and the passage of heat to any material extent through this bearing is prevented
by the application of wood or other suitable non-conducting material between the
underside of the bearing and the top of such hollow stud, and the size and bore of
this central stud are increased in diameter so as to afford increased space between
the exhaust pipe and the central stud to reduce as much as possible the tendency
for the heat of the exhaust pipe to injuriously affect the central stud.
I also apply wood or other suitable non-conducting material between the upper
hollow part of the moveable frame or ring carrying the circle of holding comb
teeth and the bottom surface or surfaces thereof traversing on the fixed supporting

page_text: ring to prevent as much as possible the travelling down of heat to dry up the oil
on such fixed supporting ring.
I-also-supply the surface of such fixed supporting ring carrying the travelling
circle with oil through an external oil cup or chamber communicating with a well
with passage therefrom up to the surface of such supporting ring.
Also when employing a clearing comb to clear the teeth of square motion gill
combs used as working-combs in-wool.combing machinery, I give motion to such
clearing combs by cam-or-tappet on the driving or other suitable shaft of such
square motion, by which I am enabled to obtain an adjustment of the time-of-action
of such clearing comb as may be required, in place of operating such clearing comb
as heretofore by a combination of levers and links connected with the lifting and
lowering motion to square motion. combs, by which the time of operation of such
clearing comb is not capable of adjustment.
This part of the improvements is also applicable when working the gill combs
other than by square motion.
In the use of keeping plates to press on the fibre carried by the holding combs
at that part of the circle where the working of the fibre takes place, the extra
pressure thereby exerted on the moving circle causes increased wear of the surface
of the supporting circle at that part, with a tendency for the circle to rise from its
bed on the opposite side, and the object of another part of the Invention is to
remedy this evil. For this purpose I apply a pressing roller or pressing rollers
to press on the surface of such travelling circle at or about the opposite side of the
circle referred to, and I obtain an elastic pressure to these bearing rollers by the
application of springs or weights.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Isaac Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd
August 1879.
ISAAC HOLDEN, of the Firm of Isaac Holden and Sons, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Machine Wool Combers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES."
The improvements apply, first, when heating the travelling or holding combs by
steam in manner of the character of that described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to me bearing date the 31st of August 1878, No. 3457. I now find
it desirable to prevent as much as possible the heat of the steam which has been
used in heating the said comb from operating to heat the central stud or axis of
the circle of comb teeth. For this purpose, in place of such central stud being
simply bored to receive the exhaust pipe by which the heat of such exhaust steam
still comes in contact with such stud to heat it, I apply the upper end of such
exhaust pipe within the stud into and so as to revolve with the central tube
receiving the radial inlet and outlet conducting arms, and the lower part of such
central tube with its exhaust tube attached thereto, as stated, is guided in its
rotation by a bearing carried by the top of the central stud above referred to, and
the passage of heat, to any material extent, through this bearing is prevented by
the application of wood or other suitable non-conducting material between the
underside of the bearing and the top of such hollow stud; and the size and bore of
this central stud are increased in diameter so as to afford increased space between
the exhaust pipe and the central stud to reduce as much as possible the tendency
for the heat of the exhaust pipe to injuriously affect the central stud.
My improvements relate, secondly, to the application of wood or other suitable
non-conducting material between the upper hollow part of the moveable frame or
ring carrying the circle of holding comb teeth and the bottom surface or surfaces
thereof traversing on the fixed supporting ring to prevent as much as possible the
travelling down of heat to dry up the oil on such fixed supporting ring.
According to the third part of my present improvements I supply the surface
of such fixed supporting ring carrying the travelling circle with oil through an
external oil cup or chamber communicating with a well with passage therefrom
up to the surface of such supporting ring.
Fourthly, my improvements relate when employing a clearing comb to clear the
teeth of square motion gill combs used as working combs in wool combing
machinery to giving motion to such clearing combs by cam or tappet on the driving
or other suitable shaft of such square motion, by which I am enabled to obtain an
adjustment of the time of action of such clearing comb as may be required in place
of operating such clearing comb as heretofore, by a combination of levers and links
connected with the lifting and lowering motion to square motion combs, an arrange-
ment by which the time of operation of such clearing comb is not capable of
adjustment.
This part of the improvements is also applicable when working the gill combs
other than by square motion.
In the use of keeping plates to press on the fibre carried by the holding combs at
that part of the circle where the working of the fibre takes place, the extra pressure
thereby exerted on the moving circle causes increased wear of the surface of the
supporting circle at that part, with a tendency for the circle to rise from its bed on
the opposite side, and the object of the fifth part of the Invention is to remedy this
evil. For this purpose I apply a pressing roller or pressing rollers to press on the
surface of such travelling circle at or about the opposite side of the circle referred
to, and I obtain an elastic pressure to these bearing rollers by the application of
springs or weights,

page_text: carrying the same into effect..
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
13533 Pursua
Figure 1 shows by-sectional view part of apparatus employed in combing wool
and other fibres, arranged-somewhat similar to that described in the said former
Specification referred to, but modified according to the present improvements.
a, a, represents a portion of the fixed circle on which the travelling circle b
supporting the travelling circle of holding combs c is supported and travels;
represents the ring tube by which the heat of steam is conducted to the head c¹
of the circle of holding combs c; e is the pipe or passage to convey the steam from
the upper part of the pipe g to the ring d; and fis a corresponding passage to
convey away such steam from the pipe or channel d after its almost entire traverse
of the channel d, in order to conduct away from the channel d such in part spent
steam to the lower portion of the pipe g below the abutment therein gl, all which is
similar to what was fully described in my said former Specification referred to; but
according to the first part of my present improvements in place of the exhaust
pipe k for the conduct of the steam from the lower part of the pipe g being fixed.
into the upper end of the central stud or axis j, the upper end of the exhaust
pipe is immediately connected to the lower end of the pipe g, and it revolves
with that pipe g, and the lower end of the pipe & below the liollow stud j is formed
with a collar ¹ to revolve freely in the stuffing box i, the lower part of which is
formed with the passage i¹ to conduct away the spent steam. The tube g with its
tube is steadied in its rotation by passing through the bearing j', secured by set
screws to the top end of the hollow stud j, and the passage of heat to any
material extent. from the pipe g to the interior of the stud j through the bearing j¹
is prevented by the application of a ring of wood l or other suitable non-conducting
material between the bearing j¹ and the upper end of the hollow stud j.
The size and bore of this central stud ; are increased in diameter so as to afford
increased space between the surface of the exhaust pipe and the interior of the
central stud to reduce as much as possible the tendency for the passage of the heat
of such exhaust pipe to injuriously affect the central stud.
m, in this same Figure, represents a ring or segments of wood applied between
the lower part of the travelling circle b and the sole or bearing surface b' thereof,
according to the second part of these improvements, for the purpose of preventing
as much as possible the travelling down of heat to dry up the oil on the supporting
ring a¹..
The third part of my present improvements is shown applied by sectional view
in Figure 1, by plan view Figure 2, by edge or side view in Figure 3, and by plan
view Figure 4; in each of which views the same letters are employed to indicato
corresponding parts. n represents the reservoir for the oil, which thence flows by
the small passage n¹ to the well n² and upwards therefrom through the hole n³ to
the surface of the supporting ring a', which surface, at such part, I form slightly
recessed, inclining upwards at each end, as indicated, from a² to a² in the respective.
Figures, or thereabouts. n is a screw packed plug to facilitate access to the
interior of the well n² to remove deposit therefrom, or otherwise when required..
The dotted lines n³ indicate a cover to the reservoir n to keep out dust and other
particles of loose matter.
The fourth part of my present improvements is represented by sectional view of
parts of wool combing apparatus at Figure 5, and by end view of the same at
Figure 6. o, o, show parts of the main framing; p, p, represent the gill bars with
their combs; and c represents the circle of carrying or holding combs.
g is the
clearing comb applied to the supporting comb bar q'. This bar ql is formed with
three limbs or projections q², q², and q³. The limbs or projections 92, 92, are formed.
simply to act as guides by sliding in sockets formed for them in brackets qt carried

page_text: by the main framing. The limb or projection q³ is affixed with capability of
adjustment by set screws q³ in a socket formed for it in one of the side plates of
the slider, and the slide ris controlled in its up and down movement by sliding
in the opening &¹ formed for it in the bracket s affixed to a portion of the main
framing, and this slide also carries the pulleys or rollers ¹, r¹, which embrace the
cam or tappet and this cam or tappet is keyed or otherwise affixed on tho
driving or other suitable shaft t of such square motion so that its position may be
varied to variations desired in the time of action of the teeth of the clearing comb.
Figure 7 shows an upper edge view of a clearing plate q¹; and v are other
clearing teeth for clearing the fibre from the teeth of the clearing comb q; and w
is the receiver for the clearings effected. Figure 8 shows the cam or tappet ²--
separately, full size.
Figures 9 and 10 show by sectional side view and front view parts to illustrate
the fifth head of the Invention. c represents the moving circle of comb teeth
affixed to the moving circle b, and a represents the stationary supporting circle.
y represents a pressing roller which is supported to turn freely on the spindle 2¹
carried by the slide 2. The slide is capable of moving vertically in the socket A
forming part of a bracket from the main framing, and at its lower end the slide = is
tapped and carries a collar 22 and adjustable nut to act on one end of a spring ³,
the other end of which spring bears on the under surface of the socket A, so that
by turning the nut in one or other direction the amount of pressure exerted
by the collar on the circle b may be regulated. 25 is an arm from the slide z to
move in the socket A' to give increased steadiness to the action of the roller y. I
find it convenient to apply this pressure roller near the reservoir for the supply of
oil to the circle so as to aid in keeping the parts close together.
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
First. The arranging and combining parts by which the communication of heat
to the central stud or axis from the lower end of the pipe g and from the pipe l
connected therewith is materially reduced, substantially as described under this first
head of the Invention.
Secondly. I claim the application of wood or other suitable non-conducting
material between the sole or bottom surface of the travelling ring of holding combз
for the purpose of keeping such sole or bearing surface as cool as possible and
thereby prevent the too free drying up of the oil applied between that sole or
bottom surface and the surface of the stationary supporting ring, substantially as
described.
Thirdly. I claim the application of a reservoir and parts connected therewith to
facilitate the supply of oil between the travelling and stationary circles substantially
as described.
Fourthly. I clain the arranging and combining parts for actuating the clearing
comb, whereby the times of action of such comb are readily adjustable, substantially
as described.
And, Fifithly. I claim the application of an elastic and adjustable bearing surface
to press on the travelling circle, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Holden, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
ISAAC HOLDEN. (L.S.)