Improvements in Fire Grates, Stoves, and Ranges.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th Aug., 1893-Accepted. 30th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire Grates, Stoves, and Ranges.
THOMAS SPENCER PAYNE Thorncliffe House Mount Pleasant Swansea
Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object the improvement of the draught in ordinary fire
grates or household stoves and ranges, the special object being to obtain sufficient
draught to burn anthracite coal or coke as well as to obtain more perfect combustion
with bituminous fuel. It has hitherto been the custom to use a blower in front of
stove or grate or to enclose the top of fire place or to provide a separate chamber
at the back of grate.
In carrying out my invention I construct a chamber or pipe of metal or fire
resisting substance which rests upon the bottom bars at the back of fire grate and
which extends the whole width of fire grate at the back and which tapers upwards
towards the chimney and gradually assumes the form of a round or square pipe at
the front of pipe at a suitable height above bottom of grate a slot or cavity is
formed at which the products of combustion enter and mingle with the hot air thus
causing a sharp draught through fire.
A valve is provided in front of chamber for admitting cold air to regulate
draught.
Dated 14th day of November 1809
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fire Grates, Stoves, and Ranges.
I THOMAS SPENCER PAYNE formerly of Thorncliffe House Mount Pleasant,
Swansea in the County of Glamorgan and now of 17 Penmaen Terrace Swansea
aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object the improvement in the draught in ordinary fire
grates or household stoves; the special object being to obtain sufficient draught to
enable anthracite coal or coke to be burnt therein as well as to secure the more
perfect combustion of any fuel used.
For the purpose of obtaining increased draught it has been hitherto usual either
to use a blower in front of the stove or grate, to enclose the top of fire place or to
provide a separate chamber at the back of the grate, but in place of any of these
methods I construct a loose portable appliance as follows and in describing my
invention I shall refer to the accompanying sheet of drawings whereon, Figure 1. is
a front elevation of my appliance and Figure 2 a side elevation (broken near
centre) of lower portion and section of upper portion.
In carrying out my invention I construct a chamber such as A preferably of cast
metal or fire resisting substance which is intended to stand upright upon the bottom
bars and at or near the back of the grate and, if desired, extending the whole
width thereof or nearly so. The chamber tapers upwardly towards the chimney
gradually assuming a square or rectangular shape, or, the chamber may be of other
convenient shape becoming smaller in section towards its upper extremity or a
number of separate chambers or pipes may be grouped in one appliance.
I cut away or leave open a portion of the lower part of the face or front of the

page_text: chamber as at B or form a slot or opening therein through which and under the
remaining portion of the front or face the products of combustion may enter and
mingle with the hot air inside thus causing a strong draught through the fire. A
ledge or projection such as C may be formed along the face for supporting the fuel
or a portion thereof and preventing the air channel becoming blocked..
It will thus be-seen that fresh air may pass through the burning fuel and up the
interior of the chamber A into the chimney so causing more perfect combustion.
The flow of air may be regulated or entirely cut off by means of a valve pivotted
on top of chamber A such as shewn on drawing in which the pivots E carrying a
partially cylindrical valve are supported in bearings D.
The part of the valve which closes or partially closes the mouth of the chamber
is the segment of the side of a cylinder and may be caused to slide over the opening
by tilting a projection such as remaining in position at any point until moved
again or other means or forms of valve may be employed for regulating the flow
of air.
The chamber may also be so constructed as to extend around the sides of the fire
grate if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
1st. An improved portable appliance or chamber for temporary or permanent
use in stoves, grates and the like for the purpose of causing more perfect combustion
of fuel therein arranged and constructed substantially as hereinbefore described and
as illustrated by the accompanying sheet of drawings.
2nd. In appliances for promoting the more perfect combustion of fuel in fire
grates, stove, ranges and the like the use of a vertical tapering chamber or pipe (or
⚫ a number or group of such) having the lower part of its face (or faces) cut away
or open as at B, furnished at its upper extemity (or extremities) with a drop valve,
such as E. F. D capable of regulating the draught, and provided (if required) with
a ledge or shelf such as C for the purpose of supporting a portion of the fuel. The
whole being self-contained self-supporting and portable, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 16th day of August 1893.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.