Year: 1886

page_text: We JAMES HONIBALL TOZER and WILLIAM TOZER both of 18 Abingdon Street
in the City of Westminster, Railway Plant Contractors do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
.
Our invention consists of improvements in parts of the permanent way of
railways and has special reference to the securing of the chairs to the sleepers and
more particularly to sleepers made of wrought iron or steel.
1
A characteristic feature of the invention is that the chair is constructed with
two or other number of projections or parts which, by a turning movement when
the chair has been placed upon the sleeper at an angle to the normal position,
become tightly jammed or wedged with corresponding parts of the sleeper; a
perfectly firm and secure fastening of the chair to the sleeper is thus formed, no
additional fastening being necessary.
Our invention can be carried out in several ways. According to one modi-
fication we make the chair with wedge shaped or bevelled ends and with a pivot
upon which it can be turned and we construct the sleeper with lips or lugs to
receive the bevelled ends of the chair and with a hole to receive the pivot; the lips
or lugs can be pressed out of the solid metal of the sleeper. In order to fix the
chair, it is first placed upon the sleeper at an angle to the normal position and
with the pivot in the holo; the chair is then turned upon the pivot so as to bring
the bevelled ends under the lips or lugs with which they therefore become tightly
jammed. If preferred the bevels may be on the lips instead of upon the chair
ends, or both may be bevelled.
.
According to another modification we fix in the chair bottom two or other
number of rivets or headed pins, the heads being downwards, and we form in the
sleeper a corresponding number of curved slots which are enlarged at one end.
The enlargements will allow the rivet heads to be passed through but the
remainder of the slots is only large enough to give passage to the rivet shanks.
To fix the chair it is placed upon the sleeper in such position that the rivet heads
pass through the slot enlargements. The chair is then made to move so as to
cause the rivets to travel along the slots this movement bringing the chair into its
proper position. The jamming or wedging together of the parts in this, modi-
fication is effected by inclines on the sleeper against which the rivets bear as the
Diin 11

page_text: chair is moved; these inclines may be made by forming cuts from the sides of the
slots and pressing down a tongue of the metal and the inclines will then possess a
certain amount of elasticity which may be found of advantage.
In this second modification the inclines may be dispensed with and the slots and
rivet heads be depended upon, in conjunction with the rail and usual key fastening,
to keep the chair in place, but this is not to be recommended; and instead of the
slots being curved they may be straight.
1004
Improvements in Parts of the Permanent Way of Railways.
We, JAMES HONIBALL TOZER and WILLIAM TOZER both of 18 Abingdon Street
in the City of Westminster, Railway Plant Contractors, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention consists of improvements in parts of the permanent way of
railways and has special reference to the securing of chairs to metal sleepers and
more particularly to sleepers made of wrought iron or steel.
A characteristic feature of the invention is that the chair is constructed with
two or other number of parts which, by a turning or other movement of the chair
when it has been placed upon the sleeper, become tightly wedged with corre-
sponding parts of the sleeper whereby a perfectly firm and secure fastening of the
chair to the sleeper is effected, no additional fastening being necessary.
Our invention can be carried out in several ways. According to the preferred
modification we make the chair with wedge shaped or bevelled ends and with ä
pin forming a pivot upon which the chair can be turned and we construct the
sleeper with bevelled clips or lugs to receive the bevelled ends of the chair and
with-a-hole-to-receive the pin; the clips or lugs are by preference pressed out of
the solid metal of the sleeper. In order to fix the chair it is first placed upon the
sleeper at an angle to the normal position and with the pin in the hole; the chair
is then turned upon the pin so as to bring the bevelled ends under the clips or lugs
with which they therefore become tightly wedged.
Figures 1 to 7 of the annexed drawings illustrate this modification of our
invention. Figure 1 is a section through the centre of the chair and Figure 2 an
end elevation, showing a sleeper, chair and rail, the chair being of the form' we
prefer to adopt when inade of wrought iron or wrought steel and to receive a flat
bottomed rail. Figure 3 is a plan without the rail. ä is the sleeper which, as
shown, is a metal sleeper of inverted trough section; b is the chair and c the rail.
dd are two bevelled clips or lugs pressed out of the solid metal of the sleeper, and

page_text: at e is a hole in the sleeper. f is a pin on the chair to enter the hole c. The ends
of the chair are bevelled, as is best seen in Figure 2, and the bevel is preferably
double, that is to say, that the first or outer portion g is bevelled to a certain
degree, say, one in ten, while the second or inner portion g¹ is bevelled to a less
degree, say, one in thirty, but if desired the bevel may be the same throughout.
When it is required to fix the chair it is first placed upon the sleeper at an angle
to its normal position (see the dotted lines in Figure 3) and with the pin f in the
bole e ; the chair is then turned upon the pin so as to bring the bevelled ends g g
under the clips or lugs d d with which they become tightly wedged. The chairs
have stops at ii to prevent their being driven too far. The bevelled chair ends g g
and the clips d d should be so arranged relatively to each other that considerable
force is required to drive the bevelled ends home. h represents a metallic key
fastening for fixing the rail in the chair. If wooden keys are to be used for this
purpose the chair jaw should be of the form represented in Figure 4 or approxi-
mately so. If the chair be made of cast iron instead of wrought iron or steel it
will be of similar form but of fuller proportions throughout.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 illustrate the same modification of our invention as adapted
to a double-headed or bull-headed rail; by preference we make the chair of cast
iron of the form shown. It is secured to the sleeper in the same manner as that
shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. The same letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts. is a pad or layer of felt or other suitable material between the chair and
the sleeper to lessen jar or concussion; the use of this pad is optional.
The pin is not necessarily placed in the middle of the chair as shown. It not
only acts as a pivot as described but also serves to keep the gauge of the rails and
to receive the thrusts and strains. The hole e may be flanged either upwards or
downwards if desired.
Although our invention can be best carried into effect by causing bevels or
inclines on the chair to become wedged with clips or lugs on the sleeper by a
turning movement, as herein before described, the same result can be obtained by a
modification wherein a straight or rectilinear movement is employed but we do not
recommend it. Figures 8, 9 and 10 illustrate this. The chair bas in the first
modification is formed with inclines or bevels g g at the ends and the sleeper has
bevelled lugs or clips d d pressed out of the solid metal. In order to fix the chair
it is placed upon the sleeper in a line with its normal position and then forced
sideways until its inclines or bevels g¹g become wedged with the lugs or clips d d.
There are stops at i to prevent the chair being driven too far. The sleeper is
formed with a transverse slot e which acts as a guide to the chair in its movement
on the sleeper, the chair having a projection f on the underside to enter the slot.
In order to prevent any liability of the chair in the modification shown in Figures
8, 9 and 10 working back out of its position, recesses can be formed in the bevelled
or wedge shaped ends g into which the clips or lugs d d can be knocked down
when the chair is in place,-see k Figure 9,-and this mode of preventing the
chair working back can also be applied, if thought desirable, to the modification
illustrated in Figures 1 to 7. It is obvious that instead of the slot e a transverse
corrugation or corrugations could be used and that our invention is capable of
other modifications embracing the characteristic feature, which is, that the chair
and sleeper are so constructed with corresponding parts that when the chair is
placed upon the sleeper and then forced into position such parts become tightly
wedged together whereby a perfectly firm and secure fastening of the chair to the
sleeper is effected, no additional fastening being necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The manufacture of chairs and sleepers respectively as herein described 80
that when the chairs are placed upon the sleepers and forced into position the said
parts will become tightly wedged together, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 2. Constructing railway chairs of such shape at or near their ends that when
'they are placed upon their sleepers at an angle to the normal position they will by
a turning movement become tightly wedged with holding parts of the sleepers,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination with parts on railway chairs for wedging with parts of
sleepers as referred to in claims 1 and 2, of pins or projections on the underside of
the chairs to engage with holes, or slots in the sleepers, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
4. The several arrangements for fixing railway chairs to sleepers herein before
described and represented in the annexed drawings.