Improvements in Spanners and Pipe Wrenches.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 4th Jan., 1896
'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spanners and Pipe Wrenches.
We, THOMAS GARE, of 25, Booth Street, Edgeley, Stockport, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, and THOMAS SEPTIMUS HARDEMAN, of 137, Withington
Road, Whalley Range, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
;-
This invention relates to that class of spanners for round nuts and that class of
pipe wrenches which have a hinged and a relatively fixed gripper or jaw, the object
being to render such spanners and pipe wrenches more durable and reliable in action
than heretofore has been the case.
Our invention consists in the first place in forming the gripping surfaces of the
said jaws plain and in furnishing the same with removable bits toothed or roughened,
which can be readily removed when worn or re-sharpened so as to have always a
tight grip on the nut or pipe without the necessity of obtaining a new spanner or
wreuch.
The said bits are formed with V edges and are fitted into corresponding grooves
formed in the spanner or wrench jaw in such a manner that they will project a
little inwardly and are readily removable. The number of the bits employed is
such as to afford a grip on the nut or pipe at three points instead of at two only as
in the case when no bits are used.
Our invention consists secondly in placing the hinged jaw under the influence of
a spring so as to retain it always in contact with its work, which hitherto has been
effected by hand.
The hinged jaw we may form open or closed as may be found most convenient
for the various purposes.
Dadh: 9th den of Tonvert 1805
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicants..
Improvements in Spanners and Pipe Wrenches.
We, THOMAS GARE, of 25, Booth Street, Edgeley, Stockport, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, and THOMAS SEPTIMUS HARDEMAN, of 137, Withington
Road, Whalley Range, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do
hereby declare thie nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that class of spanners for round nuts and that class of
pipe wrenches which have a hinged and a relatively fixed gripper or jaw, the object
being to render such spanners and pipe wrenches more durable and reliable in action
than heretofore has been the case.
And in order that our invention may be more fully understood we have caused

page_text: to be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Figs. 1 & 3 are side views and Figs. 2 & 4 plans thereof respectively of two different
forms of spanners and pipe wrenches constructed in accordance with our invention.
Figs. 1 & 2 showing a spanner or pipe wrench with an open jaw and Figs. 3 & 4 with
a closed jaw, a being the 'hinged and b the relatively fixed jaw. Figs. 5 & 6 are side
views of two modifications of our invention.
Referring to the figures generally our invention consists in the first place in
forming the surfaces of the jaws a &.b, which hitherto were the gripping surfaces,
plain and in furnishing the same with removable 'bits'c toothed or roughened, which
can be readily removed when worn or re-sharpened so as to always exert a tight grip
on the periphery of the nut or pipe without the necessity of obtaining a new spanner
or.wrench.
The bits c are formed with V edges and are fitted into corresponding grooves c¹
• formed in the spanner. or wrench jaws a & b in such a manner, that they will
project a little inwardly and are readily removable. "The number of the bits c
...employed is such, as to afford a grip on the periphery of the nut or pipe at three
points instead of at two only as is the case when no bits are used.
By varying the thickness. of the said bits, .e. by arranging the bits to project
inwardly more or less, one size of spanner will serve for various diameters of nuts
or pipes, whilst the gripping surfaces themselves forming no part of the said jaws,
...can be more readily and better tempered and thus rendered more durable, than has
been the case when formed on the said jaws themselves.
"
Our invention consists secondly, in placing the binged jaw a under the influence
of a spring d, secured to the relatively fixed jaw b so as to retain, when placing the
spanner or wrench, upon the nut or pipe, the gripping surfaces' of the hinged
jaw a always in contact with the periphery of the hut or pipe, 'which 'hitherto has
been effected by hand.
The relatively fixed jaw b.may be formed closed as shown in Fig. 5, or the hinged
jaw a may be formed open as shown in Fig. 6, and as may be found most' convenient
for the various uses.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the mature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim, is
-
"In spanners and pipe wrenches having a hinged and relatively fixed jaw,"
1st. The application to the said jaws, of bits c rendered removable and serving as
gripping surfaces, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. In a spanner or pipe wrench, as specified in the preceding claim, the
application to the relatively fixed jaw b, of a spring d adapted to retain the
gripping surfaces of the hinged jaw a in contact Avish the periphery of the nut or
pipe, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this '8th day of October 1895.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
- 4; Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicants.