Improvements in Wick Burners for Incandescent Lighting, and for Heating or Cooking.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wick Burners for Incandescent Lighting, and for
Heating or Cooking.
I, JOHANNES SPIEL, of Thurmstrasse 85 Berlin, N.W., in the Empire of Germany,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The present invention relates to an incandescent light burner for petroleum, spirit
or any other liquid combustibles, serving also for heating and cooking purposes.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing is a section of a round burner, Figs. 2 and 3
are modifications.
The fault of all the known round wick-burners is that the wick, as soon as it is
screwed out a little more in order to obtain a larger flame which is required for
incandescent light, does not entirely gasify the petroleum and causes a sooty flame
so that the white light required for the use of the mantle was not produced. Besides
the unpleasant noise, it also occurred that the wick, when screwed out, touched the
burner-head and prevented the air from passing to the flame, which caused the latter
to become darker instead of lighter.
According to the present invention, these and other faults are avoided. An
auxiliary gasifier uniformly evaporates all the petroleum, even when the wick is
screwed up high, whereby a flame is produced which with certainty causes the
mantle to give an intense light. Besides this an adjustable burner-head is used,
which allows that quantity of air to pass to the burner which is required for any
position of the wick.
As shown by the drawing a tube b, serving as auxiliary gasifier, is placed at the top
over the outer wick-tube a. Tube & lies firmly to the tube a at its lower edge; at the
top
it is narrower but yet wide enough to leave a free space between it and the wick-
tube. The wick screwed out far over the wick-tube, thus comes close up to the
tube-piece so that its upper part is kept by the flame at the required high
temperature. The surplus of petroleum drawn up which does not at once evaporate
at the upper edge of the gasifier and which sinks down by its own gravity, enters the
free space between the wick-tube and the tube-piece band is gasified by the high
temperature permanently prevailing in this space, in such a manner that unburnt
parts of petroleum or soot cannot collect, so that all the petroleum evaporates without
leaving any residue. This causes the intense light given out by the mantle.
In the modification shown in Fig. 2 the auxiliary gasifying space is obtained by a
narrower tube-piece b¹ being inserted instead of the wider one.
In order to be able to screw the wick very high, as required for incandescent light,"
without having to fear the extinguishing of the flame by the wick touching the outer
burner-head and in order to regulate the flame to the size proper for incandescent light,
the burner-head c is connected with the chimney gallery fand can be turned and adjusted
up and down with the same on the gallery part e which is provided with air holes d,
so that its openings 9 can be adjusted horizontally and vertically to the inner holes d.
By turning the chimney-gallery the quantity of air required can be regulated in the
known manner. At the same time the space through which the air passes, between
the wick-head and burning plate which influences the luminous power of the flame,
can be so regulated by vertical movement of the head as may be required by the wick

page_text: screwed up accordingly, or by the formation of the flame for intense incandescent
light.
The head e need not be firmly connected with the chimney-gallery. The arrangement
can be made so that the head can be adjusted up or down by itself, while the gallery
can be turned by itself.
Fig. 3 represents such arrangement. The head c can be loosely turned with its
foot in the gallery-part e, and by means of small screws s it can be screwed up, while
a round open slider, turnable by itself, enables the air holes o in the head to be more
or less closed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In incandescent light wick-burners for liquid combustibles the arrangement of
a somewhat wider tube (b) to be placed over the upper part of the wick-tube (a) or
the insertion of a narrower tube-piece (6) in this place, for the purpose of letting the
thus formed free ring space serve as auxiliary gasifier by heating it with the wick-
flame, substantially as described.
2. In the wick-burner characterized under Claim 1, the arrangement of an outer
burner-head (e) which permits of regulating the entry of the air by a turning motion,
the head (c) being adjustable upwards either by itself or together with the burner-
gallery, for the purpose of enabling the gasifying chamber over the wick to be
enlarged and to give the wick such a position as to produce an intense incandescent
light, substantially as described.
TY 71
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to the Applicant.