Apparatus and Appliances Connected therewith.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 30th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 31st May, 1887.
Apparatus and Appliances Connected therewith.
I WILLIAM WRIGHT, of 92 Lower Chippinghouse Road, Sheffield, in the County of
York Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR CUTTING AND MINCING MEAT, AND IN APPARATUS AND APPLIANCES
CONNECTED THEREWITH to be as follows:
:―
My Invention relates more particularly to Machines used for Cutting and mincing
Sausage and pie meat and the like purposes in which revolving knives or cutters,
hereinafter called cutters are employed in conjunction with a revolving bowl, and the
object of my Invention is to simplify the construction and arrangement of certain
working parts of such machines.
Machines of the class above referred to as at present constructed have the cutter
shaft made to extend either wholly or partly across the revolving bowl; when made to
extend wholly across the bowl the bearings are fixed outside the bowl to the bed or
frame of the machine, and when the cutter shaft extends only partly across the bowl,
one bearing is fixed to the bed or frame of the machine as last described, and the other
is carried on a frame which bridges across the bowl, in such a position that the cutters
may revolve in line with the centre or axis of the bowl, but in either case the
revolving cutters are attached to the shaft between the bearings, an arrangement
which necessitates a complicated method of attachment besides involving a weak form
of cutter.
By my improved construction and arrangement of such machines.
First. Instead of attaching the cutters to the shaft between the bearings, I place
them on the end of the shaft outside the bearing (which is carried on the frame which
bridges across the bowl,) in this manner the distance between the bearings on the
cutter shaft may be shortened, and by keeping the frame, or bridge piece on the
other side of the cutters, instead of at the front, more space is obtained for filling and
emptying the bowl, and otherwise manipulating the material to be operated upon by
the cutters, and by this arrangement the entters may be made of a stronger form,
namely, with a close slot or eye, instead of an open one, and they may be attached

page_text: to and removed from the shaft by a more simple method and with more expedition;
the cutters likewise may be more readily cleaned, sharpened or adjusted than is the
case with existing machines.
In accordance with this improved arrangement I construct each cutter in a separate
piece formed with a longitudinal slot in the direction of its radius, by means of which
may be adjusted as the cutting edge becomes worn.
it
I usually employ four such cutters though a greater or a less number may be used.
I place the cutters upon a squared portion of the shaft near to the end in the
following manner―
The first Cutter I fit close up to the Collar of the shaft bearing, I then place a
circular distance washer, with a square hole in it corresponding in size to the squared
portion of the shaft, next this cutter, I then place a second cutter with its longitudinal
slot at right angles to the first cutter, then a second washer like the first, then a third
cutter, with longitudinal slot at right angles to the preceeding one, then a third
washer as last, then the fourth and last cutter, likewise at right angles to the one
preceeding it, then the fourth washer which covers the remaining portion of the square
on the cutter shaft, leaving a screwed end, on which a nut with an enlarged collar
corresponding to the diameter of the washer is fitted.
On screwing this nut tightly up to the face of the last washer the whole of the
cutters and washers may be firmly secured to the shaft, and by partially tightening
the nut, each cutter may be carefully adjusted by tapping it into position, which
being effected, the whole may be firmly secured in position by tightening the nut as
already described.
Secondly In Machines of this class owing to the rapidity with which the cutters
revolve it is necessary to fit a guard or Cutter plate provided with slots, through which
the cutters pass in the upward direction of their revolutions, this guard plate acting
for the twofold purpose of preventing the material operated upon by the cutters, being
thrown up out of the bowl and likewise of clearing the knives of particles which might
adhere to them.
It is also necessary that the under surface of this guard plate should fit close down
to the edge of the revolving bowl otherwise the material would be forced out of the
bowl through any space left between the guard plate and the edge of the bowl at the
rear of the Cutters.
As at present constructed the guard plates as herein described are cast in one piece,
the slots through which the Cutters pass being formed by projecting strips (as in a
Comb) and owing to the small sectional area of these strips where they unite with the
main casting they are liable to be frequently broken, through the strains to which they
are subjected by particles being carried up with the cutters jambing between the sides
of the cutters and the strips.
To obviate this defect I cast or otherwise form the cutter plate with one gap into
which I fit by dovetailing or otherwise, a loose strip piece or comb, which may be cast
in brass or steel or other suitable metal, or, it may be forged.
By this arrangement any accidental breakage of the strips may be quickly made
good by substituting a new strip or comb piece, instead of having to replace the whole
guard plate with its fittings.
I also attach the guard plate to the cross frame or bridge with suitably arranged
studs and nuts in such a manner, that it may be readily fixed and adjusted or removed
for cleaning or otherwise.
I effect this by attaching the upper part of the guard plate to the bridge frame with
two studs and nuts, the studs fitting into vertical slots formed in the bridge frame and
the outer part of the cutter plate, viz. :-that part which extends beyond the bowl I
attach to a suitable bracket formed on the frame of the machine with a vertical stud
and two nuts, the stud being screwed into the underside of the cutter plate, and one
nut being screwed on to the stud under the cutter plate between it and the bracket on
the frame, and the second nut being screwed on to the stud after it has been passed
thro a suitable hole formed in the bracket of the frame, there thus being one nut
over and one nut under the bracket, and by means of them and the stud last referred

page_text: to, the cutter plate may be adjusted and fixed as required, the two studs, on the bridge
frame being fitted in vertical slots can likewise be adjusted and fixed to suit the
required position of the cutter plate.
When it is required to remove the cutter plate it is only necessary to slacken the
two nuts last referred to and to unscrew the nut on the end of the stud under
the bracket on the frame previously described; when the cutter plate and its
attachments may be lifted bodily up from the machine.
A scraper or plough may be attached to this arrangement of cutter plate.
:-
Thirdly As a further improvement in the construction and arrangement of
machines as herein described when driven by an Engine or other motor or from power
shafting I prefer to drive direct from a pulley or drum on the Engine or other shaft,
on to a small pulley on the cutter shaft, instead of from a driving shaft on tho
Machine which I can thus dispense with, and instead of communicating rotary
motion to the Cutter bowl from such a driving shaft, I place a worm on the cutter
shaft which I gear into a worm wheel on a vertical shaft, which transmits the motion
through spur wheels to the shaft or spindle of the revolving bowl.
Fourthly. Instead of fitting the end of the bowl shaft or spindle into an expensive and
complicated adjustable footstep or bush I employ an ordinary double brassed pedestal,
bolted in a vertical position to the frame of the machine, providing for what adjust-
ment may be necessary, by forming the bolt holes in the pedestal and in the frame of
the machine with a suitable amount of elongation and clearance; a collar formed on
the bowl end of the shaft or spindle revolves upon the flanges of the brasses of the
pedestal.
I attach the vertical spindle or shaft to the revolving bowl in the following manner,
I form a flange Coupling on the end of the spindle or shaft, and a corresponding face
on the bottom of the bowl which are turned true and recessed as in a face Coupling
and I fasten the bowl to the flange of the spindle or shaft by 3 or more set screws.
Dated this 26th day of November, 1886.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Cutting and Mincing Meat and in
Apparatus and Appliances Connected therewith.
I WILLIAM WRIGHT, of 92 Lower Chippinghouse Road, Sheffield in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINES FOR CUTTING AND MINCING MEAT, AND IN APPARATUS AND
APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH and in what manner the same is to bo
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My Invention relates more particularly to Machines used for Cutting and Mincing
Sausage and pie meat and the like purposes, in which revolving knives or cutters,
hereinafter called Cutters, are employed in conjunction with a revolving bowl, and the
object of my Invention is to simplify the construction and arrangement of certain
working parts of such machines.
Machines of the class above referred to as at present constructed, have the cutter
shaft made to extend either wholly or partly across the revolving bowl, when made to
extond wholly across the bowl the bearings are fixed outside the bowl to the bed or
frame of the Machine, and when the cutter shaft extends only partly across the
bowl, one bearing is fixed to the bed or frame of the Machine as last described,
and the other is carried on a frame which bridges across the bowl in such a position
that the Cutters may revolve in line with the centre or axis of the bowl, but in
either case the revolving Cutters are attached to the shaft between the bearings, an
arrangement which necessitates a complicated method of attachment besides involving
a weak form of cutter.
By my improved construction and arrangement of such Machines.
First. Instead of attaching the cutters to the shaft between the bearings, I place
them on the end of the shaft outside the bearing (which is carried on the frame
which bridges across the bowl.) in this manner the distance between the bearings on
the cutter shaft may be shortened, and by keeping the frame, or bridge piece on the
other side of the Cutters, instead of at the front, more space is obtained for filling
and emptying the bowl, and otherwise manipulating the material to be operated upon
by the cutters, and by this arrangement the cutters may be made of a stronger form,
namely, with a close slot or eye instead of an open one, and they may be attached to
and removed from the shaft by a more simple method and with more expedition; the
cutters likewise may be more readily cleaned, sharpened or adjusted than is the case
with existing Machines.
In accordance with this improved arrangement, I construct each cutter in a separate
piece formed with a longitudinal slot in the direction of its radius, by means of which
may be adjusted as the cutting edge becomes worn.
it
I usually employ four such cutters though a greater or a less number may be used.
I place the cutters upon a squared portion of the shaft near to the end in the
following manner.

page_text: The first cutter I fix close up to the Collar of the shaft bearing, I then place a
circular distance, washer, with a square hole in it corresponding in size to the squared
portion of the shaft, next this washer I then place a second cutter with its longitudinal
slot at right angles to the first cutter, then a second washer like the first, then a third
cutter, with longitudinal slot at right angles to the preceeding one, then a third washer
as last, then the fourth and last cutter, likewise at right angles to the one preceeding
it, then the fourth washer which covers the remaining portion of the square on the
cutter shaft leaving a screwed end on which a nut with an enlarged collar corre-
sponding to the diameter of the washer is fitted.
On screwing this nut tightly up to the face of the last washer the whole of the
cutters and washers may be firmly secured to the shaft and by partially tightening the
nut each cutter may be carefully adjusted by tapping it into position, which being
effected the whole may be firmly secured in position by tightening the nut as already
described.
Secondly-In Machines of this class owing to the rapidity with which the
cutters revolve it is necessary to fit a guard or cutter plate provided with slots,
through which the cutters pass in the upward direction of their revolutions, this
guard plate acting for the twofold purpose of preventing the material operated upon
by the cutters, being thrown up out of the bowl and likewise of clearing the knives
of particles which might adhere to them.
It is also necessary that the under surface of this guard plate should fit close down
to the edge of the revolving bowl otherwise the material would be forced out of the.
bowl through any space left between the guard plate and the edge of the bowl at
the rear of the cutters.
As at present constructed the guard plates as herein described are cast in one.
piece, the slots through which the cutters pass being formed by projecting strips, (as
in a comb) and owing to the small sectional area of these strips where they unite
with the main casting, they are liable to be frequently broken through the strains to
which they are subjected by particles being carried up with the cutters jambing
between the sides of the cutters and the strips.
To obviate this defect I cast or otherwise form the guard plate with one gap into
which I fit, by dovetailing or otherwise, a loose strip piece or comb, which may be
cast in brass or steel or other suitable metal, or, it may be forged.
By this arrangement any accidental breakage of the strips may be quickly made
good by substituting a new strip or comb piece instead of having to replace the whole
guard plate with its fittings.
I also attach the guard plate to the cross frame or bridge with suitably arranged
studs and nuts in such a manner, that it may be readily fixed and adjusted or removed
for cleaning or otherwise.
I effect this by attaching the upper part of the guard plate to the bridge frame with
two studs and nuts, the studs fitting into vertical slots formed in the bridge frame and
the outer part of the guard plate viz-that part which extends beyond the bowl,
I attach to a suitable bracket formed on the frame of the machine with a vertical
stud and two nuts, the stud being screwed into the underside of the guard plate, and
one nut being screwed on to the stud under the guard plate between it and the
bracket on the frame, and the second nut being screwed on to the stud after it has
been passed through a suitable hole formed in the bracket of the frame, there thus
being one nut over and one nut under the bracket and by means of them and the stud
last referred to, the guard plate may be adjusted and fixed as required, the two studs,
on the bridge frame being fitted in vertical slots can likewise be adjusted and fixed to
suit the required position of the guard plate.
When it is required to remove the guard plate it is only necessary to slacken the
two nuts last referred to and to unscrew the nut on the end of the stud under the
bracket on the frame previously described when the guard plate and its attachments
may be lifted bodily up from the machine.
A scraper or plough may be attached to this arrangement of guard plate.

page_text: Thirdly As a further improvement in the construction and arrangement of
machines as herein described when driven by an Engine or other motor or from power
shafting, I prefer to drive direct from a pulley or drum on the Engine or other shaft
on to a small pulley on the cutter shaft, instead of from a driving shaft of the
machine, which I can thus dispenso with, and instead of communicating rotary
motion to the cutter bowl from such a driving shaft, I place a worm on the cutter
shaft which I gear into a worm wheel on a vertical shaft, which transmits the motion
through spur wheels to the shaft or spindle of the revolving bowl.
Fourthly. Instead of fitting the end of the bowl shaft or spindle into an expensive
and complicated adjustable footstep or bush, I employ an ordinary double brassed
pedestal bolted in a vertical position to the frame of the machine providing for what
adjustment may be necessary by forming the bolt holes in the pedestal and in the
frame of the machine with a suitable amount of elongation and clearance; a collar
formed on the bowl end of the shaft or spindle revolves upon the flanges of the
brasses of the pedestal.
I attach the vertical spindle or shaft to the revolving bowl in the following manner,
I form a flange coupling on the end of the spindle or shaft and a corresponding face
on the bottom of the bowl which are turned true and recessed as in a face coupling
and I fasten the bowl to the flange of the spindle or shaft by three or more set
screws.
My Invention will be better understood on reference to the accompanying three
sheets of drawings in which.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, represents a plan of the machine.
Fig. 2, Sheet 2, represents a side elevation of the upper part of the machine the
revolving bowl being in section.
Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is an elevation of one of the knife blades.
Fig. 4, Sheet 3, is a plan of the cutter guard plate.
Fig. 5, Sheet 3, being a section of the same.
Figs. 6, 7, and 8 Sheet 3, being a plan section and side elevation of the loose strip
piece or comb.
Figs. 9 & 10, are views of the knife washers.
Figs. 11, 12, and 13, are views of the nut at the end of the knife spindle.
The same letters refer to similar parts, throughout the several views.
a,
is the cutter shaft.
b, b, are the bearings to the same.
c is the frame which bridges across the bowl.
d, d, d, d, are the cutters.
e, is the squared portion of the cutter shaft.
f, is the collar of the shaft.
9, 9, 9, 9, are the distance washers.
h, is the nut at the end of the cutter shaft.
i, is the guard or cutter plate.
1, is the loose strip piece or comb.
k, k, are the studs and nuts by which the guard plate is secured and adjusted to the
bridge frame.
1, 7,
are the vertical slots formed in the bridge frame.
m, is the part of the guard plate which extends beyond the edge of the bowl.
n, is the bracket for carrying the same.
o, is the vertical stud.
pand g, are the two nuts for securing the same.
r, is the scraper or plough.
s, is the small pulley on the cutter shaft.
t, is the worm.
u, is the worm wheel.
v, v, and w, are the wheels transmitting the motion from the worm wheel shaft to
the bowl.

page_text: z, is the collar of the bowl spindle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is, the
combined arrangements and disposition of parts by which I effect the Improvements
in Machines for cutting and mincing meat and in apparatus and appliances connected
therewith comprising,
(1) The arrangement and disposition of parts by which the cutters are placed on
the shaft so as to revolve outside the bearings.
(2) The arrangement and disposition of parts by which the cutters are secured and
adjusted on the shaft.
(3) The construction of the revolving cutter or cutters with a close instead of an
open ended slot.
(4) The arrangement and disposition of parts by which the cutter guard plate is
secured and adjusted to the framing of the machine.
(5) The arrangement and disposition of parts by which the cutter guard plate is
fitted with a loose strip or comb piece which may be removed and replaced as
required.
(6) The combined arrangements and dispositions of parts in Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5,
substantially as herein described and illustrated.
Dotad hi- 92-1 dove af å muil 1007
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.