A CHEAP METHOD OF HEATING ALL KIND OF FLUIDS BY A NEW MECHANICAL CONTRIVANCE, WHEREBY THE FIRE IS APPLIED IN A MANNER HITHERTO UNPRACTISED
Year: 1766

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
FALL, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said Robert Fall, did by my petition humbly represent
unto His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, that I had
spent much time in experimental philosophy, and at great expence at length
found cut "A CHEAP METHOD OF HEATING ALL KIND OF FLUIDS BY A NEW MECHANICAL
CONTRIVANCE, WHEREBY THE FIRE IS APPLIED IN A MANNER HITHERTO UNPRACTISED,"
so as to save a great expence of fuel, and heat the fluid in a much shorter space
of time then usual, to the great benefit of the publick, by rendering the con-
sumption of fuel much less, and making that article. so essential to life, much
cheaper, and by enabling the several persons who deal in factitious salts and
liquors to sell the same at an easier rate to the consumer; and as His said
Majesty is graciously accustomed to grant unto the first inventors of such
usefull things the sole property, benefit, and exercise of them for a term of
years, 1, the said Robert Fall, most humbly prayed His said Majesty that He
would be graciously pleased to grant unto me, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, the sole property, use, and exercise of my said Invention for
the space of fourteen years in that part of Great Britain called England,

page_text: Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, and in the Plantations
in America His said Majesty being willing to give encouragement to all arts
and inventions which might be for the publick good, was graciously pleased
to condescend to my request, and therefore by His Royal Letters Patent,
bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of March, in the sixth year
of Ilis reign, of His especial grace, certain knowledge, and meer motion, did
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Fall, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority,
that I, the said Robert Fall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and
every of us, by myself and ourselves, or by mine and our deputy, or deputies,
servants, or agents, or such others. as, I, the said Robert Fall, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, my said
Invention, with that part of His said Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain
called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed,
and in His Plantations in America, in such manner as to me, the said Robert
Fall, ny executors, adñññors, and assigns, or any of us should in our discretions
scem meet, and that I, the said Robert Fall, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit,
commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accrueing, and
arising by reason of the said Invention for and during the term of years
therein mentioned, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers,
priviledges, and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to be granted
unto me the said Robert Fall, my executors, admors, and assigns, for and
during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date of the
said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be compleat
and ended according to the statute in such case made and provided; in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that if I, the said Robert Fall,
should not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His said
Majesties High Court of Chancery, within four calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted
should utterly cease, determine, and become void, anything therein-before
contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as in and by the
said Letters Patent may appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE. that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Fall, do describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, to be as follows (that
is to say):
The vessel containing the fluid, which I call a boiler, may be made of any
kind of metal. The fire is to be made under the boiler in the same manner
as is now practised, whether by furnace or otherwise. At the back part of the
boiler an aperture is to be made in its botom, or in its side near the botom, or
in such other part as may best answer the draught of the furnace; into this
aperture, within side of the boiler, must be inserted the mouth of a pipe or
flue, which after rising a little from its insertion makes a turn or bending
to one hand, and then should run spirally round, or in such other manner
within the fluid as may be best adapted to the construction of the boiler,
without touching the sides thereof. After having thus made one or more
revolutions within the fluid the upper extremity of the pipe or flue passes out
through an opening made for that purpose in the side of the boiler. The
fire-place is to be so contrived that the flame, heat, and smoke, having been
first applied to the bottom of the boiler, as usual, shall pass wholly off through
this pipe or flue. This pipe or flue for conveying the heat through the fluid
may be made of any material that will stand the fire and the fluid, and have
any form you please, but the purpose will be best answered by making it such
that a transverse section thereof may be a thin rectangle or a very flat oval,
that is, as far as may be from a circle, for by that means the heat will
have the greater effect on the sides of the pipe, and so on the fluid. The
dimensions thereof must also be adjusted in proportion to the fire to be
applied, and so must the number of revolutions that it makes. By this
Invention two or more boilers may be heated with one and the sanic fire,
which after operating on the bottom of the first boiler in the ordinary way may
be conveyed into the second boiler, and thence into others through a flue
making revolutions therein, as in the case of a single boiler, or after the flue
hath made one or more revolutions in the first boiler, without exhausting the
whole heat, it may be continued successively to a second or more, till the heat
is exhausted. This Invention might also be employed to receive the flame
and heat of furnaces used in the smelting of all metallick substances by con-
veying such flame and heat through the pipes to heat the fluid in the manner
before mentioned. By this manner of conveying the flame and heat through
the fluid no part of the effect of the fire is lost, whereas in the ordinary way
a great deal is lost. The fluid will not only be boiled in much less time, but

page_text: also kept boiling with a much smaller quantity of fewell; in both which
respects there will be a very considerable saving by means of this contrivance,
besides many other advantages that will result from it.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Fall, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Sixth day of May, in the sixth year of the reign of our
Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the Grace of God of Great
Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defender the Faith, &c., and in
the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and sixty-six.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the said Sixth day of May, in the
sixth year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, the aforesaid
Robert Fall came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the writing aforesaid and everything therein contained in form above said;
and the said writing was stamped according to the Statute made in the sixth
year of the reign of the late King William and Queen Mary, and so forth.
Inrolled the Ninth day of May, in the sixth year of the reign of His
Majesty King George the Third, 1766.