Improvements in Type-writers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1896
Improvements in Type-writers.
A. communication from abroad by THE YOST WRITING MACHINE COMPANY,
of No. 61 Chambers Street, New York City, New York, United States
of America, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of New
York.
I, JOHN CORRY FELL, of the Firm of Fell and James, of No. 1 Queen
Victoria Street, in the City of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The improvements relate more particularly to the paper carriage, and to the
escapement mechanism therefor.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a partial top plan view of a "Yost" type writing machine embodying
my several improvements, the key-board and various other parts not essential to
show being omitted for the sake of clearness.
Figure 2 is a top plan view of the carriage and its attachments, showing also
the rear portion of the platen-carrier partly in section, and in its turned up position,
illustrated also at Figure 4.
Figure 3 is a left hand side elevation of the machine shown at Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a similar view with the platen-carrier or frame turned up either for
inspection of the work or for detachment.
Figure 5 is a vertical section taken at the line, z of Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the anti-friction ball connector.
Figure 7 is a detail side elevation of the inner end of the release key lever.
Figure 8 is a top plan view of the dog-holder, the dogs, and the switch for
obtaining either single or double spacing,
Figure 9 is a vertical section taken at the line y, y of Figure 2.
Figure 10 is a perspective view of the carriage and platen carrier and their
accessories.
Figure 11 is a vertical section taken at the line x, x of Figure 1.
Figure 12 is a perspective view of one of the feed-teeth; and
Figure 13 is a like view of one of the column-stop teeth.
In the various views the same parts will be found designated by the same
numerals of reference.
We have shown our improvements embodied in the "Yost" type of machines,
but of course they may be employed in other descriptions of machines.
1 designates the top plate of a "Yost" machine having thereon as usual an ink
pad 2 and supporting at its front by posts a track or way 3 for the front roller 4 of
the platen carrier 5. From the top plate at its rear side and near the ends or
corners rise two brackets 6 which support, horizontally, two guide-bars 7 and 8,
attached to said brackets by screws 9. The said guide bars are parallel with each
other and are separated to accommodate an intermediate bar, frame, or carriage 10.
The inner side of the rear guide bar is provided with a V-groove 11 extending
its whole length, and the inner side of the front guide bar is provided with
a V-groove 12 likewise extending the full length of the bar. The rear side of
the frame or carriage is formed or provided with a longitudinal V-groove 13 to

page_text: associate with the groove '11, and the front side of said frame or carriage is
formed with a longitudinal groove 14 to associate with the groove 12. The said
grooves 11 and 13 form bearings for two anti-friction balls 15, and the grooves 12
and 14 form bearings for a single anti-friction hall 16. The anti-friction balls 15
are arranged apart several inches and are maintained in this relationship by a thin
yoke or coupling-bar 17 having near each end a hole 18, and in which one of said
balls is housed in such a manner that the ball protrudes on each side beyond said
bar and takes a proper bearing in the V-grooves 11 and 13. The bar 17 is provided
with an arm 19 which is bent or shaped to extend over to the anti-friction ball 16, and
seize or partially enclose the same by means of a notch or cut-away 20 formed at
its front end. This arm 19 is located about midway of the bar 17 and, forming a
part thereof, operates to hold the single anti-friction ball 16 always in a fixed
position relatively. to the anti-friction balls 15, thus forming three extended points
of bearing for the frame or carriage 10, the said anti-friction ball 16 projecting on
each side beyond its housing and bearing properly in the V-grooves 12 and 14, all
as clearly shown in the various views. Between the guide bars and the frame.
or carriage are spaces sufficiently wide to accommodate the bar 17 and the vertical
portions of the arm 19,
For the purpose of maintaining the anti-friction balls in proper relationship to
the frame or carriage, means are provided to engage at certain times with some
part of the ball holder 17 19 to automatically adjust the same relatively to the
carriage. In the excursions of the carriage, by momentum, vibration, or from-
other cause, the balls may travel slightly faster or slower than the carriage, thus
effecting a change in the relative position of the balls and carriage, which
should be corrected as soon as possible. To this end lugs or abutments are
employed, and these devices may either be connected to the carriage or may be
attached to a fixed part of the machine, as for instance, one of the guide bars.
Both forms of lugs or abutments are shown, the carriage or movable lugs or
abutments being designated by 21, and the stationary lugs or abutments by 22.
Although I have shown the said two forms of lugs or abutments, it is of course
net necessary for both to be employed at the same time; yet they may be so
used without detriment to the action of the machine. The lugs or abutments 21
project upwardly from a horizontal bar 23, whose main function is to maintain in
a normally depressed condition the line or series of individual feed teeth herein-
after more fully described, and said bar is bifurcated at its ends as shown at 24
to, embrace ears 25, rising from a feed rack 26, mortised or set into the frame or
carriage 10 and secured in place by screws 27, whereby said bar is held Interally
and longitudinally in proper position with reference to the feed rack, while at
the same time it is free to rise and fall slightly during the ascent and descent
of the independent feed teeth. The said bar 23 is elastically connected to the said
ears at each end by a light wire spring 28, which at one end is attached to the lug
or abutment 21, and at its other end to the ear 25, all in a manner such that the
said springs tend to keep the bar down and the feed teeth thereunder in their
lowermost or normal positions, whereby they may be successively properly presented
to the spacing dogs during the step-by-step movements of the carriage. The lugs
or abutments 21 are of such a height that they may contact with the edges of the
horizontal portion of the arm 19 of the ball holder, and hence if, during a move-
ment of the carriage towards the left, the ball holder should travel too far in the
sane direction, the lug or abutment 21 on the left (considered from the front of
the machine) will, on the return movement of the carriage for the beginning of a
new line strike against the left hand edge of the arm 19 and cause the ball holder
to travel with the carriage to the end of its movement, thus restoring the ball
holder to its proper position relatively to the carriage. In like manner should the
ball holder lose its proper position with relation to the carriage during its move-
ment towards the left by reason of a lagging action, the lug 21 on the right hand
side of the carriage will come in. contact with the edge of the arm 19 and drive
the ball-holder along with the carriage during the remainder of the travel of the

page_text: latter.
The lug 21 on the left hand side is however the more important one,
inasmuch as the tendency of the ball holder is to go too far to the left and said
lug operates to return the ball-holder and the anti-friction balls carried thereby to
the right and to their correct positions on the return movement of the carriage for
the commencement of a new line. But the right hand lug 21, like the left hand
lug, performs the important function of preventing the ball holder from accidentally
detaching from the machine, and thus insuring the maintenance of the balls in
their grooves or bearings.
The lugs or abutments 22 are fast on the rear guide bar and, projecting inwardly
in the path of the rear vertical member of the arm 19, limit the movements of the
ball holder in both directions of travel of the carriage, thus insuring the proper
relationship of the ball holder to the carriage and preventing the escape of the
balls from their grooves or bearings.
The travel of the carriage in its movements towards the left is limited by a
screw 29 projecting from the underside of the carriage, and which contacts with
the left hand standard or bracket 6; while the travel of the carriage towards the
right is limited by another screw 30 also projecting from the underside of the
carriage and adapted to contact with the right hand bracket or standard 6.
The teeth 31 of the feed rack are arranged in guiding slots 32, cut vertically
and transversely in the rack bar so that each tooth may slide up and down
independently of the remaining teeth. Each feed tooth comprises a body portion 33,
lateral shoulders 34, downward projections 35 and an intermediate space or cut-
away 36. The shoulders rest upon uncut portions of the rack bar and prevent the
tooth from falling therethrough, the rack bar being slotted centrally and
longitudinally for nearly its whole length, and the carriage, 10 being likewise slotted
coincidentally with said rack bar, for the accommodation of the body portions and
depending projections of the series of feed teeth, the holding dog 37, and the
feeding dog 38. The holding dog is made integral with a fixed bar 39, which is
fastened by screws to the branching members 40 of an arm 41 secured to the back
of the top-plate and carrying at its inner end a type-gui le 42. The upper end of
the holding dog stands always in front of the body 33 of one of the teeth in the
normal position of the latter, so as to intercept the same and hold the carriage
against the pull of the usual spring driving drum (not shown) to which the carriage
is connected by a cord or chain 43.
The feeding dog 38 is composed preferably of two side plates 44 and an angular
connecting plate 45, and said side plates embrace the rigid dog and the supporting
bar 39, from which it rises. The feeding dog has an up and down movement and
also a lateral movement, the former being effected through a rod 46 which is
connected at its lower end to the printing and spacing mechanisms, and the latter
(in one direction) through a coiled spring 47 and (in the opposite direction)
through the rack teeth in moving under the influence of the spring drum. The
upper end of the feeding dog when moving upwardly engages the bottom edges of
the projections 35 of the tooth and lifting said tooth frees it from the retaining
action of the bolding dog 37 by raising the body 33 of the tooth above the point of
the holding dog, whereby said tooth under the pull of the spring drum may pass by
the holding dog, thus enabling the carriage to feed one tooth or letter space. The
carriage is prevented from moving further at this tune by reason of the fact that the
next succeeding tooth is down and its body portion strikes against the face of
the holding dog. When the feeding dog is pulled down the spring 47 pulls it
towards the right (viewed from the front of the machine) and this lateral movement
of the dog is limited by either of two pairs of stops 48 or 49, formed on the inner
eud of a lever or plate 50, pivoted at 51 upon the bar 39 and having a handle by
which either of the stops may be shifted into working position, the vibratory
movements of the switch plate 50 being restricted by a screw and slot, as shown
at 52. The upward movement of the feeding dog is limited by a projection 53
which strikes against a vertical screw 54 extending through the supporting
bar 39.

page_text: At Figure 5 the feeding dog is shown in its uppermost position, and the parts
are drawn in their normal positions or to represent a feeding movement as having
just occurred. When the finger key or space key is actuated the feeding dog is
drawn down from in front of the legs or projections 35 of the tooth obstructed by
the holding dog, and as soon as it is carried below the plane of the said legs or
projections it is drawn towards the right by the spring 47 against the stops 48
which may now be supposed to be in working position. At this moment there is
no feed of the carriage. When, however, the finger key or space key is released
the top of the feeding dog lifts the feeding tooth now restrained by the holding
dog, so that the cut-away 36 aligns with the top of the holding dog, and thereby
the feed of the carriage takes place. During this feeding movement the legs of
the next succeeding tooth strike the face of the feeding dog and carry it back to
its normal position in alignment with the face of the holding dog, which as
explained, is struck by the body of said oncoming tooth. In the normal position
of the dogs the body of the tooth bears against the face of the holding dog and the
legs of the tooth against the face of the feeding dog.
When the tooth is lifted by the feeding dog its upper edge hears against the
underside of the pressure bar 23 and lifts it slightly, and when the feeding dog
descends the tooth so lifted will be caused to return simultaneously by the down-
ward pressure of the springs 28 of said pressure bar. Thus the series of teeth are
maintained always in proper working relationship to the spacing dogs and at the
same time are prevented from accidental detachment either in the transportation of
the machine or in the use thereof. If it should be desired at any time to remove
one or more of the teeth for any purpose, the pressure and confining bar may be
readily detached.
For the purpose of releasing the rack from the spacing dogs, for rapid move-
ments of the carriage in either direction, a release-bar 55, supported by obliquely-
disposed bangers 56, is arranged with its upper edge to occupy the continuous slot
formed by the cut-aways 36 of the series of teeth and in a manuer such that when
said bar is lifted all of the teeth may be simultaneously raised thereby and to a
height such as to carry the legs of all of the teeth above the top of the feeding
dog and the bodies of all of said teeth above the top of the holding dog, which
latter is slotted vertically for the accommodation of the release-bar, as shown more
particularly at Figures 5 and 11.
The left hand end of the release bar is connected by a vertical link 57 to a
horizontal arm 58 projecting outwardly from a sleeve 58 mounted upon a pivot 60
supported in bearings in ears 61 rising from a stand 62 secured to the carriage, the
said sleeve being adjustably attached to said pivot by a screw 63 passing there-
through and binding at its point upon the surface of said pivot, which latter is
provided with an integral forwardly extending bent arm 64 terminating at its front
end in a pin or pivot 65 arranged at right angles to the pivot 60. The sleeve is
made rotatively adjustable upon the pivot 60, in order that the angular position of
the arm 58 may be changed if needed and the release bar adjusted to lift the series
of feed teeth at the proper time and to the required extent.
The pin or pivot 65 passes through a head or block 66 on the rear end of a key
lever 67, pivoted vertically at 68 in a bracket 69 attached to the left hand
end bar 70 of the platen carrier and which lever has also a coiled returning
spring 71.
The block is formed at its rear side with a horizontal slot or passageway 72 and
with seats 73 and 74 for the pin or pivot 65, which at its inner free end is formed
with a head 75 which bears against the inner side or face of the block and which is
of such a diameter or size as to prevent it from passing through the openings in said
block and thereby cause said head or block to form a shoulder or means for the
block to bear against, whereby, when the finger lever 67 is released the arm 64 and
the connections back to the release bar are caused to return with said finger lever
to their normal positions. The purposes of the slot and seats in the block will
presently appear.

page_text: Upon the carriage 10, near each end, is screwed an arm 76, which at its forward
end is formed or provided with an open hook 77, the throat of which is vertically
disposed. Within these hooks rest the back rod 78 of the platen carrier or frame,
thus providing a hinge joint for the latter whereby it may be turned up to a
vertical position for inspection or correction of the work. Upon said back rod 78
are affixed collars 79 to prevent any independent end wise movement of the platen
carrier, and for the purpose of preventing any accidental detachment of said carrier
from the hooks there are provided two keepers 80, one at each hook and consisting
of a plate pivoted at 81 upon the arm 76 and a downwardly projecting finger 82
which enters the throat of the hook and terminates at about the surface of the
hinge rod 78. When, however, it may be desired for any purpose, as for cleaning
the types or repairing the machine, to detach the platen carrier this may be readily
accomplished by swinging the keepers about their pivots, as illustrated at Figure 2,
thus removing the obstructing fingers from the hooks. But the platen carrier
cannot be detached until it is turned up to a vertical position on account of the
release key mechanism, and for the purpose of enabling such detachment to be
effected the slot or passage-way 72 is formed in the block of the release key lever.
In the down or working position of the platen carrier the pin 65 occupies the
seat 73 at the back of the passageway 72 and is arranged axially of the hinge
rod 78 of the platen-carrier, so that when the platen carrier is turned up to a
vertical position the block turns or pivots about the pin 65 which remains in its
seat. When the platen carrier is turned up to a vertical position or through an
are of about ninety degrees, the normally horizontal passageway is turned down to
a similar extent, or to a vertical position and into the plane of the throats of the
hooks, as shown at Figures 2 and 4, and in this position of the parts, the
obstructing fingers having been swung aside, the platen carrier may be readily
detached from the machine, the hinge rod passing up out of the hooks and the
block slipping up past the pin 65. When it may be desired to replace the carriage
the reverse of this operation is of course performed.
In the carriage releasing operation when the forward finger end of the key-
lever 67 is pushed towards the end bar 70 of the platen carrier to raise the release
bar, the outer side of the block bears against the vertical portion of the arm 64
and causes it to rock, turn the pivot 60, lift the arm 58, and through the link 57
elevate the release-bar, and in order to permit this rocking and rising action of the
depending crank arın 64 the block is cut-away or slotted obliquely from the seat 73
to the seat 74, so that the pin may pass from the seat or slot 73 to 74, and when
the finger lever is released the pin passes down again to its seat 73 as the
remaining parts return to their normal positions.
The platen 83 is mounted to rotate as usual in the frame or carrier 5 and is
provided with a pressure roller 84, which is supported by the usual spring-pressed
hangers 85 mounted on the back rod 78, the forward ends of the hangers supporting
a longitudinal scale or pressure bar 86 and also circumferential paper-guides 87,
one near each end of the platen.
On the front round rod of the platen carrier is mounted a supplemental adjust-
able paper or envelope guide 88, which is preferably attached by a screw to
a sleeve 89 adapted to slide on said rod. In order to prevent said paper or
envelope guide from dropping or turning down independently a rod 90 is attached
to and arranged beneath the front rod of the platen carrier for the guide 88 to
bear upon.
For the performance of column or tabular work, any one or more of the feed
teeth may be formed or provided with a slot 91, about centrally of the body
ortion, as shown at Figure 13, so that when the release bar is lifted it will pass
up into said slot and fail to raise such tooth, whereby when the tooth reaches the
holding dog it will contact therewith aud arrest the movement of the carriage.
For example, one such column tooth 92 may occupy the fi.teenth position and
another the sixtieth place on the rack. In doing bill work for instance, the date
may first be written and then the release key operated and the carriage caused to

page_text: move quickly until the fifteenth tooth strikes against the holding dog. Then the
item may be written and the release key operated again to enable the carriage to
run swiftly until the sixtieth tooth is arrested by the holding dog, after which the
amount may he written in; thus in all succeeding lines of the bill the writing of
the items will commence at "15" and the writing of the amounts at "60." Of
course there may be as many such teeth 92 as may be desired, and they may be
variously positioned in accordance with the character of the work to be performed.
For the purpose of facilitating the setting of the column stop teeth the carriage is
preferably graduated and numbered to correspond with the machine scales and
with the letter spacing of the carriage, as illustrated at Figures 1, 2 and 10. By
combining the ball-bearing carriage and the independently movable feed-teeth a
light, easy-running and noiseless carriage is produced. To facilitate the return
rovements of the carriage the holding and feeding dugs are beveled or inclined on
their tops.
When the stops 49 are thrown into operative position the carriage may be fed
two spaces at a time.
While we have shown and described a construction of ball holder in which all
three of the balls are coupled or connected, and prefer such a construction
and arrangement, it is nevertheless possible to make an acceptable machine
in which only two anti-friction halls are connected or coupled together by a bar
having perforations at or near its ends, so as to maintain the halls always at the
same distance from each other and in proper working relation to the carriage,
while at the same time permitting them to revolve freely. We therefore desire to
cover the bail holder or link whether it is constructed for employment in
connection with either two balls or three balls.
The following advantages result from our improved construction of rack or
dogs.
The teeth of the rack being loose, independent and detachable permit of the
removal of any injured, worn or broken tooth and its replacement by a new tooth
an a moment's time and practically at no expense, which is a great desideratum
when it is borne in mind that in the previous construction of racks wherein the
teeth are all formed integral with a har, an entirely new rack hind to be substituted
if one of the teeth should become worn or destroyed. Owing to the fact that in
the return movement of the rack the dogs are obliged to lift only one tooth at a
time, this movement is in practice almost entirely free from sound. The rack
works absolutely with n "drop," ie., the carriage does not move a particle on the
downward stroke of a key, thus conducing to better spacing between letters.
The construction also permits of double spacing between the letters of a word and
between words, at any time and without the necessity of depressing the space-key
simultaneously with the lust letter of a word, as heretofore. The construction
also provides an instantaneous "take up"; that is to say, the carriage may be
arrested by the dogs and rack at exactly the locality at which the carriage may
he when the hand pressure or pull is removed, instead of moving on one or two
spaces, as in most of the prior machines. This instantaneous stoppage also occurs
immediately the pressure is removed from the release key, when this device is used
to run the carriage rapidly in either direction. From the fact that the teeth are
movable, any combination of spacing that may be desired can be arranged for.
As for instance, all the teeth from the 5th tooth to the 10th may be removed, and
all the teeth from the 15th tooth to the 20th may be removed, and all the teeth
from the 30th tooth to the 40th may be removed, so that in doing tabular or other
work the writing may be proceeded with up to the 5th tooth, when the carriage
will at once move from the 5th tooth to the 10th; then the writing may be
proceeded with up to the 20th tooth, when the carriage will jump from the
20th tooth to the 30th, and so on, in accordance with the arrangement of the
teeth.
Without departing from the spirit of our present invention numerous, chaugea
may be made, and we desire to be understood as not limiting ourselves altogether

page_text: to a machine containing all of our various improvements, as some of them may be
used without others and in a machine widely different in plan and design from that
herein shown.
Hlaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a typewriting machine the combination of a track, a carriage, ball
bearings between the track and carriage, and a bar having openings in which the
balls are loosely confined; substantially as described.
2. In a type writing machine, the combination with fixed guide-bars having
ball-bearings, of an intermediate movable bar provided with ball bearings, a
letter-spacing mechanism, part of which is carried by said movable bar, anti-
friction balls, forwardly projecting horizontal arms secured to said movable bar
and provided with open hooks, and a platen carrier detachably connected to
said hooks.
3. In a type writing machine, the combination with fixed guide-bars having
ball-bearings, of an intermediate movable bar provided with ball-bearings,
anti-friction balls, a perforated link for coupling two of said balls on one side of
Baid movable bar, and a platen carrier connected to said movable bar.
4. In a type writing machine, the combination with fixed guide-bars having
ball-bearings, of an intermediate movable bar provided with ball-bearings, a single
anti-friction ball arranged on one side of said movable bar, a pair of anti friction
balls coupled together by a link arranged on the other side of said movable bar,
and a platen-carrier connected to said movable bar.
5. In a type writing machine, the combination of a movable, guided bar
provided with forwardly projecting horizontal open hooks, a platen-carrier
detachably hinged to said hooks at its rear side and supported thereby, and
provided at its front side with a supporting anti-friction roller adapted to travel
upon a track or way.
6. In a type writing machine, the combination of the letter-spacing mechanism,
the movable, guided bar carrying the feed rack of the spacing mechanism and
provided with ball-bearings, anti-friction balls, the forwardly extending horizontal
arms 31 and 32 connected to said movable bar and provided with hooks at their
front ends, and the platen-carrier provided with a hinge-rod.
7. In a type writing machine, the combination in a paper-carriage of fixed
guide-bars having ball-bearings an intermediate movable bar having ball-bearings,
a pair of anti-friction balls, connected together by a link, arranged on one side of
said movable bar, and a single anti-friction ball arranged on the other side of said
bar and to alternate with the pair of coupled anti-friction balls, thereby providing
three points of bearing for said movable bar.
8. In a type writing machine, the combination of a bar or carriage having ball
bearings and anti-friction balls therefor, two of which are coupled together,
substantially as described.
9. In a type writing machine, the combination of a bar or carriage having ball
bearings and anti-friction balls, two of which are coupled together, and a platen
carrier hinged to said bar or carriage, substantially as described.
10. In a type writing machine, the combination with fixed horizontal guide
bars having ball bearings facing each other, and fixed stops of an intermediate
movable bar or carriage having on each vertical side a ball bearing, anti-friction
balls arranged in said bearings, and a piaten carrier connected to said movable bar
or carriage substantially as described.
11. In a type writing machine, the combination of a movable bar or carriage
running on anti-friction balls disposed on opposite sides of said bar or carriage, a
ball coupler, and fixed stops for the ends of said coupler to abut against,
substantially as described.

page_text: 12. In a type writing machine, the combination of guide-bars having ball
bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, anti-friction balls arranged
ou opposite sides of said carriage, and a ball-holder connecting all of the
anti-friction balls together.
13. In a type writing machine, the combination of guide-bars having ball-
bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, anti-friction balls arranged
on opposite sides of said carriage, a ball-holder connecting all of the anti-friction
balls together, and a platen-carrier connected to said carriage.
14. In a type writing machine, the combination of guide-bars having ball-
bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, two anti-friction balls
arranged on one side of said carriage, and one anti-friction ball arranged on the
opposite side thereof, and a ball-holder consisting of a longitudinal bar con-
structed to embrace the two anti-friction balls on one side and a transverse arm
constructed to embrace the single anti-friction ball on the opposite side of said
carriage.
15. In a type writing machine, the combination of guide-bars having ball-
bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, anti-friction balls, a
ball-holder and means for co-operating with said ball-holder to maintain it and
the anti-friction balls in proper relationship to the carriage.
16. In a type writing machine, the combination of fixed guide-bars having
ball-bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, anti-friction balls, a
ball-holder for maintaining all of said anti-friction balls in a fixed position relatively
to one another, and lugs adapted to co-operate with said ball-holder to maintain it
and the anti-friction balls in proper relationship to the carriage.
17. In a type writing machine, the combination of fixed guide-bars having
ball-bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, anti-friction balls, a
ball-holder, and a lug on said carriage adapted to move said ball-holder towards
the right during the return movement of the carriage in case the said ball-holder
should lose its proper relative position to the carriage during the movement of the
latter towards the left.
18. In a type writing machine, the conbination of fixed guide-bars having
ball-bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, anti-friction balls, a
ball-holder, and a lug on said carriage adapted to move the ball-holder towards
the left to adjust it to proper position relatively to the carriage.
19. In a type writing machine, the combination of fixed guide-bars having ball-
bearings, an intermediate carriage having ball-bearings, anti-friction balls, a ball-
holder composed of a longitudinal bar and a transverse arm, and lugs arranged on
said carriage to contact with said arm and move the ball-holder towards the right
and the left.
20. In a type writing machine, the combination of fixed guide-bars having ball-
bearings, a carriage having ball-bearings and a series of independently-movable
feed-teeth, anti-friction balls, and letter spacing dogs.
21. In a type writing machine, the combination of fixed guide-bars having ball-
bearings, anti-friction balls, an intermediate carriage having ball bearings and
slotted longitudinally, a series of independently movable teeth arranged in trans-
verse slots on said carriage and composed each of a body, lateral shoulders,
depending legs and a notch or space, a fixed holding-dog, and a vertically and
laterally movable feeding dog.
22. In a type writing machine, the combination of fixed guide-bars having
ball-bearings, anti-friction balls, a ball-holder, an intermediate carriage having
ball-bearings and slotted longitudinally, a feed-rack mounted on said carriage
comprising a series of independently movable teeth arranged in transverse slots
and constructed as shown and described, and suitable spacing-dogs to co-operate
with said teeth.
23. In a type writing machine, the combination with a feed-rack comprising a
series of independently-movable feed-teeth and suitable dugs to co-operate

page_text: therewith, of a pressure and confining bar extending the entire length of said
series of teeth and adapted to maintain them always in proper working relation to
the dogs and to also prevent their accidental detachment.
24. In a type writing machine, the combination with a feed-rack comprising a
series of independently movable teeth and suitable dogs to co-operate therewith,
of a spring-pressed bar covering the entire series of teeth.
25. In a type writing machine, the combination with a feed-rack having a series
of independently movable teeth, and suitable dogs to co-operate therewith, of an
overlying bar forked at its ends to embrace ears rising from the feed-rack, and
springs connected at their ends to said bar and to said ears.
26. A carriage feed-rack comprising a series of independently-movable feed-
teeth consisting each of the body portion, the shoulders, the projections, and the
cut-away, and a suitable supporting and guiding frame for sail teeth.
27. The combination with a carriage feed-rack, comprising two parallel bars
having an intermediate longitudinal slot and formed with a series of pairs of
opposing vertical slots, and comprising also a series of independent, vertically-
movable feed-teeth having each a body-portion, shoulders, projections, and a cut-
away, of a permanently-fixed holding-dog adapted to engage the body-portion of
each tooth, and a vertically and laterally movable spring-actuated feeding-dog
adapted in upward movements to engage the undersides of said projections and
successively lift each tooth, and adapted also to be engaged by the faces of the
said projections, during the step-by-step feeding movements of the rack, and be
moved thereby laterally to its normal position.
28. The combination with the carriage feed-rack having independent vertically
movable feed-teeth, a holding dog, a vertically and laterally movable spring-
actuated feeding-dog, a pivoted switch having the stops 48 and 49, and a finger-
key connected to said switch for moving either one of said stops into operative
relation to said feeding-dog.
29. The combination with a feed-rack having independent vertically movable
feed-teeth comprising each a body-portion, shoulders, projections, and a cut-away,
of a permanently-fixed holding-dog, a feeding-dog consisting of two side members
connected together and embracing said holding-dog, means for depressing said
feeding-dog, a spring for moving said dog laterally at the time of depression, a
stop for limiting its lateral movement, a spring for elevating said feeding dog and
a stop for limiting its elevation.
30. The combination with a carriage feed-rack having a series of independent
vertically-movable feed-teeth, and suitable dogs for co-operating therewith, of a
release-bar hung beneath said teeth and adapted to simultaneously lift all of said
teeth out of operative relation to said dogs.
31. The combination with a carriage feed-rack having a series of independent
vertically-movable feed-teeth and suitable dogs for co-operating therewith, of a
release-bar hung beneath said teeth by obliquely-arranged links pivoted to said
rack, the spring-actuated finger-lever, and the intermediate connecting-rod.
32. The combination of a carriage feed-rack having independently vertically-
movable feed-teeth consisting each of a body-portion, shoulders, projections and a
cut-away, a holding-dog bifurcated at its upper end, a feeding-dog, and a liftable
release-bar arranged within said bifurcated portion of the holding-dog and with its
upper edge occupying the cut-away portions of the entire series of teeth.
33. The combination, with an escapement mechanism comprising a series of
independently movable feed-teeth and means for moving one of the said teeth at
a time to produce letter spacing of the carriage, of a release bar mounted in
proximity to said series of feed-teeth and extending for the length of the same,
and adapted to simultaneously move all of said feed-teeth out of operative relation
to the means by which they are normally individually actuated.
34. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having open hooks,
a platen carrier hinged thereto, and movable keepers operating to prevent accidental
detachment of said platen carrier.

page_text: 35. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having open hooks,
a platen carrier hinged at its back rod to said hooks, and keepers consisting of
pivoted plates and depending fingers.
36. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a series of
independently movable feed-teeth, suitable dogs to co-operate therewith, a release-
bar for simultaneously raising all of said teeth, to free them from said dogs, the
link 57, the pivoted arm 58, the rocking crank-arm 64, a platen-carrier connected
to said carriage, and a key-lever attached to said platen-carrier and connected at
its rear end to the depending free end of the rocking crank-arm 64.
37. In a type writing machine, the combination with a feed-rack having a
series of independently movable teeth and suitable dogs to co-operate therewith,
of a release-bar arranged in notches in said teeth and adapted to simultaneously
lift them all, the link 57, the arm 58, the sleeve 59, the pivot 60, the crank-
arm 64 made as a continuation of said pivot and connected at its free depending
end to the inner end of a key-lever attached to a platen-carrier.
38. In a type writing machine, the combination with a feed rack having a series
of independently movable teeth, and suitable dogs to co-operate therewith, of a
release bar arranged in notches in said teeth and adapted to simultaneously lift
them all, the link 57, the arm 58, the sleeve 59, the pivot 60, the depending crank-
arm 64 having a pin 65 and a head 76, and a key-lever attached to a detachable
platen-carrier and provided at its inner end with a block having a passageway 72
and the seats 73 and 74, arranged substantially as shown.
39. In a type writing machine, the combination with a carriage having open
hooks, a platen-carrier hinged thereto, a release-key attached to said platen-
carrier and having a block at its rear end formed with the passageway 72, and
the seats 73 and 74, the depending crank-arm 64, a release-bar connected thereto,
and an overlying series of independently movable feed-teeth mounted upon said
carriage.
40. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a platen-carrier
detachably hinged thereto, a release-key nechanism connected to said carriage
and to said platen-carrier and separable on the hinge-line of the platen-carrier.
41. In a type writing machine, the combination of a carriage having a series of
independently-movable teeth having each a body, lateral shoulders, depending legs
and a notch or cut-away, and one or more of said teeth having also a vertical
slot 91, and a bar adapted to lift all of said teeth excepting the tooth or teeth
having said slot 91.
42. In a type writing machine, a column-stop tooth consisting of a body, lateral
shoulders, depending legs, an intermediate notch or space, and a slot as 91.
43. In a type writing machine, the combination of a platen, and platen-carrier,
an envelope guide supported upon and adapted to slide longitudinally of the
round front rod of said platen-carrier, and a supplemental rod attached to the
said platen-rod and underlying the said envelope guide to prevent any rotation
thereof.
Dated this 9th day of September 1800.
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.