Improvements in Swivel Looms.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1893-Accepted, 15th July, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Swivel Looms.
I, OTTO WALTER SCHAUM, Manufacturer, of Glenwood Avenue and
Second Street, in the City of Philadelphia, in the County of Philadelphia, in
the State of Peunsylvania, one of the United States of America, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to that class of looms in connection with which what are
known as swivel shuttles are used; and particularly to mechanism for operating
the swivel-shuttles.
In looms of the class referred to the swivel shuttles move in carrier blocks which
in turn are secured to the swivel shuttle supporting bar; the shuttles are provided
with racks which engage with spur wheels journalled in the carrier blocks and
longitudinally moving racks are secured in the swivel shuttle support, the motion
of which causes the gear wheels to revolve and the shuttles to pass across the
space between adjacent carrier blocks. The swivel shuttle support is secured in
front of the reeds and is made longitudinally movable normally maintaining a
position by which the swivel shuttles are held above the shed but capable of being
depressed so as to bring the swivel shuttles within the shed. In the above
described particulars my loom is similar to those which are already well known in
the art, the construction being shown for instance in the United States Patent to
Wadsworth Number 338,891 of March 30, 1886.
The chief object of my invention is to so construct the loom that the swivel
shuttles may be operated for any number of consecutive picks and that while in
their operative position the ground shuttle will remain inoperative.
This I accomplish by providing new and simple mechanism for throwing the fly.
shuttle actuating mechanism out of operation and holding it out of operation and
at the same time drawing the swivel shuttle supporting bar into and holding it in
operative position.
A further object of my invention is to provide improved means for operating the
longitudinally moving racks supported in the swivel shuttle support; and
incidentally in connection with the improvement in connection with the rack
actuating mechanism, to improve the mechanism for actuating the swivel batten
beam.
The nature of my improvements will be best understood as described in connection
with the drawings in which they are illustrated and in which,
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a loom provided with my improvements.
Figure 2 a front elevation of the same omitting the bowls and their actuating
mechanism, taken on section line 1-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 a plan view taken on the section line 3-4 of Figure 1 showing the
bowls and one form of actuating mechanism therefor.
Figure 4 a plan view showing the upper part of the swivel shuttle supporting
beam and mechanism connected therewith.
Figure 5 an enlarged sectional elevation through the swivel shuttle support taken
on the line 5-6 of Figure 4.
Figure 6 a plan view taken on the line 7-8 of Figure 5.
Figure 7 a cross section taken on the line 9-10 of Figure 5.
Figure 8 a view of the swivel shuttle support showing the way in which the
lifters hereafter described are rigged.
Figure 9 is an elevation of shaft K and the mechanism connected therewith.
Figure 10 a sectional view showing the action of the lifter.

page_text: Figure 11 is a view of the cam L°.
Figure 12 is an elevation illustrating a modification of my device, and,
Figure 13 a plan view showing a portion of the mechanism illustrated in
Figure 12.
A is the frame of the machine; B the warp beam; C the shed; D the lay;
E and E the take up rolls; G is the swivel shuttle supporting beam; G₁ the
shuttles; G rods supporting the beam G and made vertically movable as shown;
G springs operating to hold the rods and beam in their uppermost position;
Glinks connected with a cross bar G7 the ends G' of which are secured to the
rods G the springs G being situated between the ends G and bearings G
attached to lay swords Go which are supported on rack shaft G" and through
which bearings the ends of the rods G2 are permitted to slide; rings G³ secured
on the ends of the rods G' limiting their upward motion. The links G* are
attached to the end of a lever I pivoted at I¹ and having a roller I* journalled
upon it which rests on a cam J, J, the function of which will hereafter be
described; G are the carrier blocks secured to the beam G and in which the
shuttles G move: H are the reeds of the loom. K, the shaft to which, in the
loom illustrated in Figures 3 and 9, the cam J, J₁, is keyed as shown at j; this
cam is made up of two parts, one, J, in the form of an eccentric which will by
depressing the lever I, draw down the swivel shuttle support so as to bring the
swivel shuttles within the shed, the other part, J¹, of circular form concentric to
the shaft K and of such diameter as will not affect the lever I or tend to draw
down the shuttles. The parts J and J' are secured together and keyed to shaft K
so as to be longitudinally movable along it; they are provided with a collar J' in
which collar rests the yoke of a lever L2 secured to a longitudinally movable
shaft L journalled in bearings L' L' and connected to the end of a bell crank
lever L pivoted at L' and connected at its other end with an arm of a lever L'
pivoted at L', the other arm of which, marked L., rests in the groove of a cam L.
In addition to the fork lever L' the rod L carries another similar fork lever L'
the ends of which rest in the collar R' of a movable cam section R' the use of
which will hereafter be described.
The shaft K also serves to actuate the pick levers, the movement of which as
well as my preferred form of mechanism for throwing them out of operation when
the swivel shuttles are drawn down to make a pick are shown in Figures 3 and 9 ;
in these figures K' and K' indicate fork clutches secured to and rotating with
shaft K. KK are hubs supported on shaft K, but not secured to it; from these
hubs extend arms K³ to the ends of which are secured the bowls K*. When the
hubs are moved outward along the shaft K the arms K' are engaged by forks K¹
and caused to rotate with the shaft, and in that position the bowls strike against
and depress levers X¹ which are secured to rock shaft X as are also levers X' to
the ends of which are attached straps X' connected at their other ends with pick
levers T T which actuate the ground shuttle in the usual way. It is necessary
that the ground shuttle should be thrown out of operation when the swivel shuttles
make a pick, and to secure this result in the plan shown I secure to shaft K by
means of a feather a cam J' Je in general character like cam J, J and movable
with it along the shaft, rods J J connecting the two cams as shown. To a
bracket VI pivot at U a lever W, W₁ W the arm W of which is in the path of
cam JJ, the arm W₁ forked and engaged with a collar K' of the hub to the
right of the drawings while to the arm W' is secured one end of the rod W³ the
other end of which is attached to a forked lever W* pivoted at U¹ to a bracket V₁
and engaging at its other end the collar K of the hub K to the left. When the
end of the arm W rests on the circular part J of the cam the bowls are in their
outer position and engaged by the forks K' but when the cam J J¹ is shifted to
depress the swivel shuttles, the cam J J also shifts and at the same time as cam J.
acts to draw down the swivel shuttles, the cam J' pushes. up the arm W and by
the connections described draws out. of operation the bowls K. The bowls K
therefore can be held out of operative position relative to the pick levers and at

page_text: the same time the swivel shuttles can drawn down into in operative position for two
or more consecutive picks as desired as will be obvious.
In the mechanism just described the rotating shaft K is provided with pick lever
actuating bowls which rotate with but are longitudinally movable on said shaft and
are thrown into and out of operation by the action of a longitudinally moving
rod L; a modified arrangement is shown in Figures 12 and 13 where the shaft is
itself made longitudinally movable, and by such movement serves to throw the
bowls which actuate the pick levers into and out of operation and also to pull down
the swivel supporting bar into an operative position when the pick levers are
thrown out of operation so that the shaft as shown in Figures 12 and 13 unites the
functions of the cam shaft K and rod L of the construction shown in Figures 3
and 9.
Referring now to Figures 12 and 13 it will be seen that I make the shaft K
longitudinally movable in its bearings and attach the bowls K' K' permanently to
the said shaft. In the position shown in Figure 12 the shaft is shifted so that
bowls are out of operative position with regard to the arms which serve to actuate
the pick levers T and it will be seen that when the shaft K is shifted to the right
the bowls are brought into operative position,-indicating the journals of
shaft K. is a grooved collar secured on shaft K and engaging the end of a
lever p p the opposite end of which is pivoted at p', while at a point p³ on said
lever is attached the cord p which passes under a pulley and connects with the
bar G' which bar, as in the loom shown in Figure 2 is attached to the swivel shuttle
supporting bar though in the present case I have not thought it necessary to
illustrate it. It will be seen of course that by the construction described the
shifting of shaft K to the left will draw down the bar G7 and the parts connected
with it. Connecting with the shaft K as before is a cam R, R' though in the
present construction the part R is made longitudinally movable on the shaft K
and the part R' permanently attached to it. The part R by means of a grooved
collar is engaged by a stationary finger T' which holds it always in the same
position while of course the part R¹ moves to or from the part R as the shaft K is
shifted. In this way the lever Q is engaged and disengaged by the cam as the
bowls are shifted out of or into operative position. Secured to the shaft K is a
cam U the construction of whi h can readily be followed in Figures 12 and 13.
It has two circular grooves u and u' connecting with which are the grooves u² and u
formed and arranged substantially as shown. Above this cam is a bracket A' to
which is pivotally attached the lever Z from each end of which depends a bolt
marked respectively Z¹ and Z; these bolts are at a distance apart equal to the
distance between the groove u and the outer extremity of the groove u and
arranged with respect to cam U' as shown. The lever Z is operated by cords or
chains 22' which in turn are actuated by Jacquard mechanism or in any other
convenient way.
=
When it is desired to shift the shaft K from the position shown in Figure 12 the
cord is drawn up shifting the position of lever Z drawing bolt Z out of groove u,
and pushing bolt Z into groove; the shaft continuing at all times to turn is by
reason of the shape of groove u thrust to the right until the bolt reaches and
remains in the groove u the movement of the shaft to the right brings the bowls
into operative position, permits the beam G and its connected parts to rise and
also opens the cam R, R¹. When it is desired to again disengage the bowls and
bring the swivel shuttle into operation it is done by drawing on the cords =¹ which
lifts the bolt Z and depresses the bolt Z-the last mentioned bolt engaging in
the groove and, after shifting the shaft to the left, in the grooves u.
At this point I will also briefly describe the construction and operation of
cam L' which cam however, forms no part of my invention, and is shown simply as
one and a good device for actuating-rod L.
Referring now to Figure 11 it will be seen that cam L' has two concentric
grooves and connected by grooves
switches, 1 1 1 1 on each side, switches
as shown and is provided with
are attached to a rod which

page_text: by means of a spring acting on arm 1 is normally forced out so as to hold the
switches and in their outer position as shown at the top of Figure 11, the
bar has a roller 10 at its end, is a shoe pivoted at 1" and moved up or down
by a cord actuated by the Jacquard apparatus. When shoe is drawn up the
roller 10 runs against it and the bar and attached switches are moved in as shown
at the bottom of Figure 11, 4 is a runner adapted to move in the cam grooves and
to which is attached the end L' of the lever L L8, the arm L of which engages and
actuates the lever L which in turn moves rod I.
Normally the runner remains in groove but when shoe is drawn up and
the switches moved as described it rides up on the switch 18 passing through
groove and raising switch 1 passes into groove in doing so of course moving
rod L and as described shifting the cam to bring the swivel shuttles into operation
and disconnect the ground shuttle pick levers. It will be obvious that any
convenient device may be used for this purpose, also that motion may be given
by hand.
Returning now to the swivel shuttle supporting bean, M M indicate the
longitudinally movable racks of which two, corresponding to two rows of shuttles,
are shown in the drawings; but it will be understood that any desired number from
one up may be used. The racks M move in slots M' formed at the bottom of the
beam G and which slots are continued entirely through the beam at M8 MB; metal
plates M slotted to correspond with the slots M8 are shown as resting upon the top
of the beam G. To the centre of each rack M a bar M' is bolted, to each end of
which, bars M3 are pivoted at M M', the ends, M', of the bars Ms being bent
upward so as to extend through the slots M8 M, the length of which slots corre-
spond to the longitudinal motion of the racks M. The pivoted rods M³ M are the
devices through which motion is communicated to the racks M. Wipers Q
reciprocate over the slots Ms and the slots in plate M' in such a way that they
will not come in contact with the ends M of the pivoted levers M³ unless the said
levers are pushed up into their path, and this elevation of the pivoted lever is
accomplished at proper times by means of a lifter as P which lifter is actuated at
proper times by the Jacquard apparatus connected with the loom but not shown in
the drawings. Before describing the special construction of the pivoted levers,
wipers, and lifters illustrated in the drawings I will call attention to the gear
wheels N pivoted in the blocks G and which engage with the teeth of the racks M
and with the corresponding teeth N¹ on the shuttles G. And I will also note that
a spring O should be employed to hold the pivoted levers M³ downward at all times
except when they are thrown up into operative position by the lifters.
As shown in the drawings it will be noted that the slotted plates M have
recesses M10 on their inside ends and that a slot M is formed in the end M' of
levers M³. In the slot M³ is pivoted a latch M6 pressed outward by a spring M
(see Figure 7) so that when the lever M' is lifted the latch Me.will, as soon as it
has passed above the slot Ms in plate M spring out and rest upon the plate M
thus holding the lever M in the position to which it has been lifted and so that the
end M will lie in the path of the wiper Q which, moving inward, will carry with
it the rod M³ and cause the rack M to make a longitudinal movement; as soon as
the latch M comes over the recess M10, which it does at the end of the stroke of
the wiper Q, the latch is no longer supported and the rod M³ is permitted to fall
back to the position shown in Figure 5.
Any convenient device for lifting the rods M³ may of course be used; that
shown in the drawings consists of a bell crank lever P pivoted at P' and held in the
position shown in Figure 5 by springs P. The ends p of the lifters rest upon or
close to the racks M in normal position and so that they will be immediately under the
pivoted rods M³ when the said rods are in the position which they occupy when the
rack M is pushed over toward the lifter. Cords P³ attached to the end p¹ of
the lifter P are connected to a Jacquard hook P' as shown in Figure 8 so that both
lifters of each rack are actuated at the same time; of course only that one which
is in contact with a pivoted rod M³ performs any work-the other one moving

page_text: idly; but by moving both together as shown the movement of any particular rack
can be called for and insured irrespective of the position it occupies in the swivel
batten beam. Of course the lifters could be actuated independently but a valuable
improvement is effected by their simultaneous movement. In Figure 10 the lifter
is shown in action.
Referring next to the wipers Q, of which it is only necessary to employ two, one
over each series of slots M³, I will state that the said wipers are supported on
guide M" and are given a simultaneous reciprocatory movement to and from each
other. As shown the wipers Q are attached to rods Q₁ pivoted at the ends of
levers Q and which levers are secured to the ends of a pair of rock shafts Q³ Q'
supported on the lay swords; the rock shafts are geared together by means of
levers Q and Q' united by rod Q and arranged as shown in Figure 3 or so as to
have an inverse reciprocatory movement. On one of the rock shafts Q³ (that to
the left as shown) a lever Q is attached which lever is connected by a rod Q" with
a lever Q pivoted at Q and having a pin Q" extending from it into the groove
of a cam R, R' supported on the shaft K. As shown in Figure 3 one part R, of
this cam is fastened to the shaft K, while the other part, R', is keyed to it so as to
turn with it but to be movable to and from the part R, the movement being effected
through the collar R2 and the fork lever L3; when the two parts R and R' are
moved together the cam becomes operative and remains so, actuating the wipers
through the gearing described but as soon as the part R' is moved away from the
part R and the lever Q2 is moved out to the level of the high part of cam R the cam
becomes inoperative and the movements of the wipers cease. S, indicates the main
or ground shuttle of which there may be any desired number in the loom; T T the
picks by which the ground shuttles are actuated.
From what has already been said the operation of my improved loom can be
clearly followed. Whenever it is desired to bring the swivel shuttle into operation
the cam L or other device is brought into operation so that acting through the
lever LB L' upon the lever L and through the levers L' and L³ upon the cams on
shaft K the said cams are brought to operative position -the cam J acting through
lever I and its connections draws down the swivel shuttle support G until the
swivel shuttles are within the shed, and the cain R R closing acting through the
lever Qand its connections to give the inverse reciprocatory movement to
the wipers Q. The swivel shuttles being now in proper position and the wipers Q
moving to and fro above the slots M M the Jacquard apparatus is made to operate
the lifters P at proper times throwing up one of the pivoted arms M³ into the path
of one of the wipers which immediately comes in contact with it and through it
effects a stroke of the rack and of the swivel shuttles actuated by that particular
rack. It will be seen that the different lines of shuttles may, if desired, move
simultaneously in different or the same directions and that any particular line can
be called upon independent of the others; also that the form of the cam J, can, if
desired, be made circular and concentric with the shaft K and sufficiently larger
than the cam J' to hold the swivel shuttles in operative position while they nake
several strokes or the arrangement of cam as shown at U in Figs. 12 and 13 can be
used to perform the same function or a cam made as shown in Fig. 9 may be used
to cause the swivel shuttles to move up out of the shed after each stroke so that
the ground shuttle may be thrown across through the shed before the swivel
shuttles are again brought into operative position. In fact by my apparatus almost
any desired arrangement of picks of both the swivel and ground shuttles may be
effected.
Having now particularly described and 'ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
First. In a loom, having pick-levers for actuating the ground shuttle or shuttles,
the combination with. said pick-levers of mechanism for actuating the same, made
adinatable out of and into onerative connection with the vick levers: the swivel

page_text: shuttle supporting bar normally held above the shed, and mechanism for drawing
and holding said bar into operative position, and a longitudinally movable rod
connected with the actuating mechanism for the pick levers and for the said
supporting bar as described, and so that by shifting said bar, the swivel shuttle
supporting bar is drawn and held into operative position while the swivel shuttles
make two or more consecutive picks, at the same time that the pick lever actuating
mechanism is moved and held out of operative position.
Second. In a loom the combination with a cam shaft K with clutches K' K¹,
hubs K K journalled on shaft K so as to be longitudinally movable thereon, bowl
carrying arms K³ secured to said hubs a lever W, W W pivoted at U and having
an arm as W¹ engaged with one of the hubs K2, a pivoted lever W engaged with
the other hub, a rod W³ connecting lever W* with lever W, W₁, W, as described
and so that lever W* and arm W₁ will move reciprocally in opposite directions and
thrust the bowls simultaneously into and out of operative position; a cam J³ Je
longitudinally movable on shaft K so placed as to engage an arm W of lever W, WI, W³,
and actuate it as described, and means for moving said cam.
Third. In a loom the combination with a cam shaft K with clutches K' K',
hubs K K journalled on shaft K so as to be longitudinally movable thereon bowl
carrying arms K³ secured to said hubs, a lever W, W¹, W', pivoted at U and
having an arm as W₁ engaged with one of the hubs K', a pivoted lever W* engaged
with the other hub, a rod W³ connecting lever W with lever W, W¹,
W as
described and so that lever W and arm W' will move reciprocally in opposite
directions and thrust the bowls simultaneously into and out of operative position ;
a cam J J longitudinally movable on shaft K so placed as to engage an arm W
of lever W, WI, W, and actuate it as described; a cam J, J', also longitudinally
movable on shaft K, rods J' connecting cams J J and Jo Jo so that they will move
together, a cam shifter L arranged to engage and shift the cams and a swivel beam
depressing lever I arranged in the path of the cam J, J, all substantially as
described, and so that the bowls are withdrawn from the clutches simultaneously
with the depression of lever I.
Fourth. The combination with a swivel-shuttle supporting beam with one or
more racks longitudinally movable therein, a rod as M³ pivotally attached to each
rack, a lifter operated by the jacquard arranged to throw up said pivoted rod
into the path of a reciprocating wiper and a wiper having a reciprocating motion
arranged to engage the pivoted rod when it is thrown up into its path and through.
it to actuate the connected rack.
Fifth. The combination with a swivel shuttle supporting beam with one or more
racks longitudinally movable therein, rods as M³ M' pivotally attached to each
rack as described, lifters operated by the jacquard arranged to engage one of the
said rods M³ at each end of the movement of the rack so as to lift the end of the.
engaged rod when desired and reciprocating wipers moving in opposite directions
as described and arranged to engage the pivoted rods when thrown up by the lifter
and through them to actuate the rack.
Sixth. The combination with a swivel shuttle supporting beam with one or more
racks longitudinally movable therein, rods as M M³ pivotally attached to each
rack as described, lifters operated by the jacquard arranged to engage one of the
said rods M³ at each end of the movement of the rack, mechanism for actuating
each pair of lifters simultaneously so as to lift the end of the engaged rod when
desired, reciprocating wipers and means for moving them in opposite directions as
described said wipers being arranged to engage the pivoted rods when thrown up
by the lifter and through the rods to actuate the rack.
Seventh. In combination with a swivel shuttle supporting beam, a series of racks
longitudinally movable therein, rods M³ M' pivoted to each rack and beneath a
slot in the beam, lifters P arranged to engage each rod M' alternately, mechanism
for actuating each pair of lifters simultaneously and wipers QQ having a constant
opposite reciprocating movement over the rod ends, all substantially as and for the
!purpose specified.

page_text: Eighth. The combination with the swivel shuttle supporting beam having
slots M8 and slotted plates M' with end recesses M, of a reciprocating rack M,
rods M³ pivoted thereto, and having their ends extending upward in slots M³ spring
latches M in the ends of rods M arranged to hold the said ends above the top of
slotted plates M, and lifters P operated by the jacquard and arranged to engage
and lift the rod ends, all substantially as specified.
'
Ninth. In a loom, the combination of the swivel shuttle supporting beam, the
reciprocating racks M having pivoted rods M' as described, means for lifting the
ends of said rods into the path of the wipers, the reciprocating wipers Q, a movable
cam R', means for moving the same as described and mechanism connecting said
cam and the wipers Q so that when in operation said cam will actuate both wipers
in opposite directions.
Tenth. In a loom the combination of a swivel shuttle supporting beam the
reciprocating racks M having pivoted rods M³ as described, means for lifting the
ends of said rods into the path of the wipers, the reciprocating wipers Q a movable
cam R' mechanism connecting said cam and the wipers so that when in operation
said cam will actuate both wipers in opposite directions; a movable cam J,
mechanism connecting said cam with the beam so as to draw said beam down at
proper times, and mechanism for simultaneously engaging and disengaging cams R, R',
and J, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 21st day of March 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.