CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING COLORING MATTERS BE EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF DYEING, OR FOR OTHER SIMILAR PROCESSES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lodewyk Polak Kerdyk, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Chemist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING COLORING MATTERS TO
n
Sealed the 24th February 1857, and dated the 5th December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lodewyk Polak Kerdyk
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th December 1856.
I, LODEWYK POLAK KERDYK, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS POR EXTRACTING COLORING MATTERS
TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF DYEING, OR FOR OTHER SIMILAR PROCESSES,"
to be as follows:-
"My improvements consist, first, in the novel application of the principle of
centrifugal force; for separating and extracting the coloring matter from the
insoluble parts of roots, woods, &c., or other materials used in dyeing, or other
similar processes. The apparatus for effecting this purpose consists in a
suitable arrangement and construction of well-known machinery used for
drying by centrifugal force, namely, an interior case covered with wire cloth
or perforated plates, &c., and revolving at a high velocity, enclosed in an
exterior stationary chamber; the pulverized wood, &c. and water or liquid
dyeing matter is placed in the internal chamber, and rotary motion being

page_text: imparted thereto, the liquor is driven or filtered out through the sides of the
case, and the insoluble matter remains behind, and is removed when requisite
by sliding or drawing the outer case from the inner one, which forces out all
the refuse; the liquid thus separated is passed into the dye vat, and out
through the machine again, and so on as often as necessary, or until the color
is sufficiently extracted from the roots, &c. employed. This process may be
performed by means of this apparatus, either separately, or the apparatus may.
be applied so as to operate simultaneously with the process of dyeing, as
required.
Secondly, the Invention consists in the use of an arrangement of the
above-named apparatus in combination with a "centrifugal disc pump," so
applied or placed in connection with or within the interior revolving case or
chamber, and employed as an auxiliary power to facilitate the process of the
filtration or extraction of the colouring matters.
And, thirdly, in the general arrangement and combination and construction
of the whole apparatus, hereafter to be more fully described in my Complete
Specification, as used or applied for extracting colouring matters to be
employed for the purposes of dyeing, or for other similar processes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Lodewyk Polak Kerdyk in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd June 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LODEWYK
POLAK KERDYK, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Chemist, send
.greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Ier heirs and successors, give and grant unto the
said Lodewyk Polah Kerdyk, Her especial license that I, the said Lodewyk
Polak, Kerdyk, ny executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Lodewyk Polak Kerdyk, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should, at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the. term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great.
Britain, and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, "an Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING

page_text: COLORING MATTER TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF DYEING, AND FOR OTHER
SIMILAR PROCESSES," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said
Lodewyk Polak Kerdyk, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Lodewyk Polak Kerdyk, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawing, that is to say:
My improvements consist, first, in the novel application of the principle of
centrifugal force for dissolving and separating the coloring matter from the
insoluble parts of roots, woods, &c., or other materials used in dyeing, or other
similar processes.
The apparatus for effecting this purpose consists in a
suitable arrangement and construction of well-known machinery used for
separating liquids from solid matters by centrifugal force, namely, an interior
case or chamber covered with wire cloth and perforated plates, &c., and.
revolving at a high velocity, enclosed in an interior chamber or case. The
pulverized wood or roots, &c. is placed in the internal chamber, and rotatory
motion being imparted thereto, water or any other solvent is introduced,
being driven or filtered out by centrifugal force through the sides of the case,
and the insoluble matter remaining behind is removed when requisite. The
liquid thus separated may be passed into the dye out and out through the
machine again, and so on, as often as necessary, until the color is sufficiently
extracted from the roots, &c, employed. This process may be performed by
means of this apparatus either used separately, or the apparatus may be
applied so as to operate simultaneously and in combination with the process
of dyeing, as required.
Secondly, the Invention consists in the use of an arrangement of the above-
named apparatus in combination with a centrifugal disc pump, so applied or
placed in connection with or within the interior revolving case or chamber as
to act as an auxillary power in addition to the centrifugal power, to facilitate
the progress of the filteration or extraction of the coloring matter.
And, lastly, in the general arrangement, combination, and construction of
the whole apparatus, hereafter to be more fully described, as used or applied
for extracting coloring matters, the extract being made simultaneously and in
combination with the process of dyeing, or to be employed for the purposes of
dyeing, or for other similar processes.

page_text: In order that the Invention may be more fully understood and explained in
détail, I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of
about one inch and a half to a foot, and having similar letters of reference
marked upon corresponding parts of the mechanism throughout all the Figures
illustrated..
"
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus; and Fig. 2, a sectional cleva-
tion of the same, shewing the revolving chamber in the interior of the extract
receiver, and the method of withdrawing the outer case. from the inuer one
by means of a screw; Fig. 3 is an end view of this chamber and receiver,.
shewing the centrifugal "disc pump' enclosed within the revolving case;
Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view, shewing the outer casing withdrawn from the
interior one. In Fig. 1, a is the exterior revolving case, furnished at its peri-
phery with wire cloth or perforated plates, and 6 is the inner plate of the casing.
(acting as a scraper) containing the." centrifugal disc pump" c; both cases are.
secured upon the shaft d, and receive motion therefrom by means of the
driving pulley 6; secured to the casing a is a screw and wheel f, which acts.
upon the said shaft when the outer is drawn from the inner one. g is a
chamber for the reception of the dissolving liquid, and h is a pipe supplying
the cistern with the liquor; k is the pipe by which the dye liquor is returned,
through the disc pump continuously until the coloring matter is sufficiently
extracted; is the aperture by which water, &c., is supplied to the revolving.
case, and m is a valve through which the dye liquid is drawn off from the.
cisterni. The mode of operating with the apparatus will be more readily.
understood upon reference to the Drawings and following description thereof..
The cases a and b are placed within each other, and motion having been given
to the apparatus by means of the driving pulleys and shaft, the pulverized,
coloring matters and water or other required liquid are then supplied through.
the funeral . If the "disc pump" is employed, as shewn in the Drawing, the
water is forced through the dye woods, &c. from the centre, and is also
extracted at the periphery through the wire cloth. By means of the centrifugal
force exerted thereupon by the revolving apparatus liquid is supplied until it
reaches the pipe h, extending from the chamber.g to the cistern i; having
arrived at the height, the pressure caused by the centrifugal disc pump causes
the liquid to flow up the pipe h into the cistern i; the supply of liquid is now
discontinued, and the liquor which has once passed through the coloring
material passes along the pipe k, again through the "disc pump" e and cases a
and b. This operation is performed in the regular course, as described, until
all or sufficient of the coloring matter has been extracted; when this is.
accomplished, the extract is drawn off from the chamber 9 by the tap.or

page_text: The apparatus may now be cleared from the residue by turning the
screw wheel f, which will withdraw the outer casing from the inner one,
causing the periphery of the inner one (or scraper) to force out the spent
coloring matter; after which the cases may be brought together again and
refitted for another similar operation. The extract may be drawn off into the
ordinary dye vats, or the apparatus may be so constructed that the continual
flow of the liquor may pass into and out of a vat or vats in which the operation
of dyeing is going on. It will be evident that the apparatus may be con-
structed so as to work either in a vertical manner, as herein shewn, or
horizontally.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention, together
with the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be
distinctly understood that I claim,―
First, the novel application, employment, and use of the principal of centri-
fugal force as applied by means of the rapid revolving apparatus to dissolve
and extract the coloring matters from dye woods, roots, or other coloring
materials, either separately or simultaneously, and in combination with the
process of dyeing.
Secondly, the use of the said force, combined with the action of a "centri-
fugal disc pump," to be used as an auxilliary power with the revolving appa-
ratus, for the same purpose.
And, lastly, I claim the general arrangement and combination of the several
parts of the apparatus as herein-before described, forth, and fully exhibited
in the Drawings attached, or any other modification or variation thereof-which
shall have substantially the same effect.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lodewyk Polak Kerdyk, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
LODEWYK POLAK KERDYK. (L.S.)