IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR USE IN BRUSH MAKING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Cay, of the City United Club, London,
and 78, Osmaston Street, Derby, in the County of Derby, for the
Tation of is
Tur
Sealed the 28th January 1876, and dated the 23rd November 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Cay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd November 1875.
I, GEORGE CAY, of the Oity United Club, London, and 78, Osmaston
Street, Derby, in the County of Derby, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR USE IN BRUSH MAKING,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to apparatus for use in the principal operation
in making piasava and other large holed "pan" work, and it consists in
the following devices for the purpose, whereby the operation may be
performed with greater speed and in a more perfect manner.

page_text: The apparatus comprises a fixed guage made adjustable to suit any
size required by means of a screw, and by means of which the quantity of
material required to form the "knot" is readily and accurately guessed.
The necessary quantity of material having been guessed by this guage
is separated and laid in one of a series of troughs or trays provided for
that purpose convenient to the hand of the principal operator, after
being placed in the trough the knot after being dipped is placed in a
clamp or mould made in two parts, the lower half being stationary and
the upper fixed on a lever and movable. The knot when placed in the
mould or clamp, and the latter closed and locked by a self-acting spring,
is compressed into a firm hard mass and held securely, whilst the end
which has been dipped is being bound or tied. This is effected by
means of a revolving arm on a spindle, mounted in suitable bearings,
and driven by a band from a hand wheel. Through the spindle and
through eyes in the arm is led from a bobbin at the side of the machine
the cord or thread required to tie the "knot," and to which a regular
tension is given by tension device applied to the bobbin.
The clamp or mould is mounted in proximity to the revolving thread
arm, so as to present the dipped end of the knot thereto, the said clamp
being also movable and worked backwards and forwards as required in
a slide by means of endless screw gear, operated and regulated by the
band wheel before mentioned, so that immediately the knot is tied the
mould moves back to its first position ready for the next process. The
knot being now bound or tied it is only necessary to unlock and raise
the lever, take out the knot, sever the twine on a knife provided for the
purpose, and turn the loose end of the twine into the end of the knot in
the usual way.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said George Cay, Her special
licence that I, the said George Cay, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said George Cay, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR USE
IN BRUSH MAKING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
George Cay, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Cay, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :-
My Invention relates to apparatus for use in the principal operation
in making piasava and other large holed pan work, and it consists in
the following devices, whereby the operation may be performed with
greater speed, and in a more perfect manner.
The apparatus comprises a fixed gauge made adjustable to suit any
size required, by means of which the quantity of material required to
form the "knot" is readily and accurately guessed. The necessary
quantity of material having been guessed by this gauge is separated
and laid in one of a series of troughs or trays provided for that purpose,
convenient to the hand of the principal operator. After being placed
in the trough the knot is dipped and placed in a clamp or mould (made

page_text: adjustable to any size required) the top half being provided with a lever
handle and opening upwards to insert the knot. The knot when placed
in the mould or clamp, and the latter closed and locked by a self-acting
spring is compressed into a firm hard mass and held securely, whilst
the end which has been dipped is being bound or tied. This is effected
by means of a revolving arm on a spindle, mounted in suitable bearings
and driven by a band from a hand wheel. Through this spindle and
through eyes in the arm is led from a bobbin at the side of the machine
the cord or thread required to tie the knot, and to which a regular
tension is given by the tension device applied to the bobbin.
The clamp or mould is mounted in proximity to the revolving thread
arm, so as to present the dipped end of the knot thereto, the said clamp
being also movable and worked backwards and forwards as required in
a slide by means of a cam and endless screw gear operated by the
spindle before mentioned, so that immediately the knot is tied the
mould moves back to its first position, ready for the next knot. The
knot being now bound or tied it is only necessary to unlock and raise
the lever, take out the knot, sever the twine on a knife provided for
the purpose, and turn the loose end of the twine into the end of the
knot in the usual way.

page_text: back to the dotted position (see Figure 3), for releasing the knot which
has been tied and inserting a fresh one; or closed down to compress the
knot in the circular opening formed by the two jaws, as shown. g is a
spring catch fixed to the pedestal, which engages with a corresponding
notch or lug on the lever f to retain the latter in the closed position whilst
the knot is being bound or tied. The latter operation is performed by a
thread arm h carried on a tubular spindle i revolving in bearings k and
driven from a hand wheel 7, by a belt m passing round said wheel 7 and
a pulley n on spindle i. o is the bobbin containing the thread or cord
with which the knots are to be bound. It is carried on a spindle
beneath the bed plate c, and the thread p is lead through a fixed guide,
and through the spindle i to an eye at the end of the arm h, as shown.
A brake is applied to the bobbin o to maintain the necessary degree of
tension of the thread; it consists of a strap encircling the bobbin,
and attached at one end to the frame of the machine and at the other
to a spring. The knots is fixed in the clamp, as shown in Figure 2,
so as to present its dipped end to be bound by the thread wound round
it by the revoling arm h, and the knot is caused to recede from the
arm as the binding progresses in order that the thread may be laid
evenly thereon. This is effected by a worm & on spindle i gearing with
a worm wheel u mounted in bearings u¹ fixed to the bed plate. Upon
the same spindle with the worm wheel u is fixed a cam v of the form
shown in thick dotted lines in Figure 2, which acts on a rod w, pro-
vided with a friction roller w' and fitted to slide in suitable guides 10³,
and connected to the lower jawe of the clamp. x, x, are springs to
return the clamp to its first position after it has been moved back
by the cam v; y is a fixed knife by which to sever the binding cord.
Having described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to
be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1st. The combination in one machine of the devices arranged and
operating as herein shown and described for the purpose specified.
2nd. The clamp for holding the knot whilst being bound or tied, pro-
vided with a locking device, and constructed as shown and described.
3rd. The combination of the clamp, constructed and fitted to slide
in guides, as described, with the revolving spindle and thread arm, the

page_text: worm gear and cam and rod, all arranged and operating substantially as
shown and described for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Cay, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
GEO. CAY. (L.S.)