AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF FORGING BOLTS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gedge, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of " AN IMPROVED
PROCESS OF FORGING BOLTS." A communication from abroad by Benoit
François Noël Fayolle de Mans, of Chambon-Feugerolles (Loire), France,
Engineer.
Scaled the 15th June 1877, and dated the 21st December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st December 1876.
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF FORGING BOLTS." A
communication from abroad by Benoit François Noël Fayolle de Mans, of Chain bon-
Feugerolles (Loire), France, Engineer,
This Invention relates to an improved process of forging bolts, by which they
are fashioned at a single blow or stroke from a cold rod or bar, and in an automatic
and continuous manner. To obtain this novel and economical result use is made of
a combination of two well known machines :-
1°. The rolling or flatting mill.
2. The kind of machines by the aid of which screws, rivets, and nails or spikes
are manufactured, the parts of which are intended to guide the wire-drawn rod or
bar of iron or other metal, to cut it, and to fashion the head automatically and
uninterruptedly.
Hitherto machines of this kind could not be used for the complete forging,
excepting of small articles, because the power of compression or ramming-up of the
metal upon itself being, as is well known, limited, there could not be obtained,
however powerful the machine, a sufficient quantity of material at the desired point
to fashion the heads of the bolts, which may be of all shapes and sizes, and further
with square neck with claws or spurs, with flat sides or faces, et cetera. To attain
this manufacture a particular preparation of the iron becaune necessary, giving at
the desired point the material necessary to the forging of the head of the bolt at a
single stroke, and the rolling or flatting mill gives iron rods, or bars, with parts either
alternately round and square, or iron with knobs or projections (without these iron
[Price G

page_text: rods or bars being much more costly than ordinary ones) which, submitted to
the action of the kind of machines in question, are delivered in an automatic and
continuous manner in the form of bolts forged cold and of any desired shape.
In the ordinary manufacture of bolts use is already made of these kind of machines,
working automatically and continuously, but only to cut the iron to the required
length, and to prepare or form one of the cut ends into a boss or swelling capable of
furnishing the material required for forging the head, which is then done upon
another machine after heating each of the pieces thus delivered.
By the process, the subject of this Invention, the preliminary compression or
ramming or driving-up of the metal, the carriage of the products, their heating, and
all the plant constituting the series of stamping machines necessary to profit by the
feed from the cutting and compressing machine, and to complete the forging of the
bolt are dispensed with.
Taking for types of manufacture, according to this Invention, either the bolt with
round head and square neck, shown forged in Figure 1* of the accompanying Sheet
of Drawing, and that with head having six faces or sides, shown in Figure 2. In the
first there is introduced into the machine the iron rod or bar with round parts a
and square parts 6 (see Fig. 1), which as fast as the manufacture goes on passes
from A to B in the jaws or matrices C, D, in such a manner that the piece of iron
passing beyond the matrix at b¹ gives the material necessary for the formation of
the head of the bolt by a single blow or stroke from the hammer E recessed for this
purpose, and which may act either by percussion or by pressure. The cutting of
the metal rod is operated, as is usual in machines of this kind, either before or
after the forging; the hammer is also operated in like manner, and its movement
may take place in the axis R, S, or for additional strength of fulcrum in the
position T, U. Thus the fashioning of the head and of the neck of the bolt is
obtained, in the first place, by the use of the roller or flatting mill, which makes the
square neck and provides sufficient material for the ulterior manufacture of the
head; and, in the second place, by the use of a self-acting machine of any kind,
acting either by percussion or by pressure, or upon a mixed system, which cuts
the rod and fashions the head at a single blow or stroke, and in a continuous
manner.
With respect to the bolt with head having six faces or sides, shown Fig. 2*, the
metal rod has (see Fig. 2) at certain distances apart a protuberance or knob 7 which,
when the jaws C, D, are opened, places itself in their six-sided die S, S, S, S, in
which the head is to be stamped by the action of the hammer E, and thus is
obtained, in the same automatic and continuous manner as in the preceding case, a
forged bolt with six-sided head, as shown Fig..2*.
From the preceding description it will be readily understood what is required for
the manufacture of bolts with heads of any shape, either as regards the arrangement
of the rolled metal (cast iron, steel, copper, or other metal), that of the dies, of the
jaws or matrices, and of the hammer.
The guides, friction rollers, and other pieces for feeding and holding the rod,
which exist in these machines, are turned or adjusted according to the section of
rod used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Edward Gedge in the Great Soul Patent Office on the 19th
June 1877.
"
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent. AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF FORGING BOLTS." A
communication from abroad by Benoit François Noël Fayolle de Mans, of Chambon-
Feugerolles (Loire), France, Engineer.
This Invention relates to an improved process of forging bolts, by which they

page_text: are fashioned at a single blow or operation from a cold rod or bar, and in an
To obtain this novel and economical result use
automatic and continuous manner.
is made of a combination of two well known machines:-
1°. The rolling or flatting mill.
2°. The kind of machines by the aid of which screws, rivets, and nails or spikes
are manufactured, the organs or working parts of which are intended to guide the
rod or bar of iron or other metal, whether wire drawn or not, to cut it, and to
fashion the head (whether this fashioning takes place in one or in several stampings
or blows) automatically and uninterruptedly.
Hitherto machines of this kind could not be used for the complete forging,
excepting of small articles, because the power of compression or ramming up of the
metal upon itself being, as is well known, limited, there could not be obtained,
however powerful the machine, a sufficient quantity of material at the desired point
to fashion the heads of the bolts, which may be of all shapes and sizes, and further,
with square neck, with claws or spurs, with flat sides or faces, et cetera. To attain
this manufacture a particular preparation of the iron became necessary, giving at
the desired point the material necessary to the forging of the head of the bolt at a
single stroke, and the rolling or flatting mill gives iron rods or bars, with parts
either alternately round and square, or iron with knobs, knots, or projections
(without these iron rods or bars being much more costly than ordinary ones) which,
submitted to the action of the kind of machines in question, are delivered in an
automatic and continuous manner in the form of bolts forged cold and of any desired
shape.
In the ordinary manufacture of bolts use is already made of these kind of machines
working automatically and continuously, but only to cut the iron into the required
length, and to prepare or form one of the cut ends into a boss or swelling capable of
furnishing the material required for forging the head, which is then done upon
another machine, after heating each of the pieces thus delivered.
By the process, the subject of this Invention, the preliminary compression or
ramming or driving-up of the metal, the carriage of the products, their heating, and
all the plant constituting the series of stamping machines necessary to profit by the
feed from the cutting and compressing machine, and to complete the forging of the
bolt are dispensed with.
Taking for types of manufacture, according to this Invention, the bolt with
round head and square neck, shown forged in Figure 1* of the accompanying
Sheet of Drawing, and that with head having six faces or sides, shown in Figure 2*.
In the first case there is introduced into the machine the iron rod or bar with round
parts a and square parts b (sce Figure 1) which, as fast as the manufacture goes on,
passes from A to B in the jaws or matrices C, D, in such a manner that the piece of
iron passing beyond the matrix at b¹ gives the material necessary for the formation
of the head of the bolt by a single blow or stroke from the hammer E, recessed for
this purpose, and which may act either by percussion or by pressure. The cutting
of the metal rod is operated, as is usual in machines of this kind, either before or
after the forging; this applies also to the action of the hammer, which may take
place in the axis R, S, or in the position T, U; when in this latter case, a very strong
fulcrum is desired at X. Thus the fashioning of the head and of the neck of the
bolt is obtained, in the first place, by the use of the rolling or flatting mill, which
makes the square neck and provides sufficient material for the ulterior manufacture
of the head; and, in the second place, by the use of a self-acting machine of any
kind, acting either by percussion or by pressure, or upon a mixed system, which cuts
the rod and fashions the head at a single blow or stroke, and in a continuous
manner.
With respect to the bolt with head having six faces or sides, shown Figure 2*,
the metal rod has (see Figure 2) at certain distances apart a protuberance or knob 1
which, when the jaws C, D, are opened, places itself in their six-sided die S, S, S, S,
in which the head is to be stamped by the action of the hammer E¹, and thus is

page_text: obtained, in the same automatic and continuous manner as in the preceding casc,
forged bolt with six-sided head, as shown Figure 2*.
י
From the preceding description it will be readily understood what is required for
the manufacture of bolts with heads of any shape, as regards the arrangement of
the rolled metal (cast iron, steel, copper, or other metal), that of the dies or stamps
of the jaws or matrices and of the hammer.
The guides, friction rollers, and other pieces for feeding and holding the rod
which exist in these machines, are turned or adjusted according to the section of
rod used.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of the said Invention, com-
municated to me as aforesaid, and in what manner the same is or inay be performed,
1 claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent, the process herein-before described which is based upon the use of iron rods
or bars rolled with parts of different sections and of any shape, whether alternately
round and square or with knobs or swellings which, passed through the kind of
machines the working parts of which are known and used in the manufacture of
nails, screws, rivets, and analogous articles produce bolts forged cold automatically
at a single stroke, or rather at a single passage or operation, and in a continuous
manner, which is an entirely novel result.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Gedge, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.