matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR MOORING VESSELS OR FLOATING BODIES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Moody at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
February 1869.
I, JOHN MOODY, of Heworth Green, in the County of York, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR MOORING VESSELS OR FLOATING BODIES," to be
as follows:-
In order when mooring to take the weight of a cable from the vessel
or floating body I provide a cable made of iron or any other material
divided into short lengths of from, for instance, thirty to forty or any
number of fathoms, according to the nature of the cable used or the
form of the vessel or body and the waters in which such mooring is to
take place. By means of a chain shackle or other appliance provided
for the purpose I secure the buoys (or any other form of buoy or vessel)
to the cable, as the strain on the cable requires to be eased. For this
purpose I may continue to attach buoys to the cable until my anchor
reaches the bottom, thus taking away the strain on the cable by which

page_text: the ship or floating body is moored, causing her to ride with as much
ease in a hundred or any number of fathoms water as if riding in ten
fathoms. The last or uppermost buoy or vessel attached to the upper
end of the cable is to be immersed to a depth, say, from eight to ten
fathoms below the surface of the sea, for instance, in order that a vessel
of any draught of water could pass over it.
After the same manner cables for telegraph purposes may be buoyed
up so as to clear deep gulphs or pass over rocks or other places as
desired. The anchor is used as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Newton Wilson and William
Campion at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 8th October 1869.
We, NEWTON WILSON, of 144, High Holborn, in the County of
Middlesex, and WILLIAM CAMPION, of the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, Sewing Machine Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in sewing machines,.
and relates to a novel arrangement and combination of parts for giving
motion to the shuttle. For this purpose we employ a shuttle carrier,.
which is mounted on a vertical axis and has a partial rotary motion
imparted thereto in the following manner:-On the said vertical axis is
mounted a toothed pinion, which receives a partial rotary but recipro-
cating motion by means of a travelling toothed rack having on the back
thereof a transverse slot in which works a pin attached to a disc fixed
on the horizontal revolving shaft or axis receiving rotary motion in any

page_text: convenient manner. By these means the shuttle receives a reciprocating
motion in a horizontal plane around a vertical axis, whilst a compact
and effective shuttle sewing machine is obtained presenting great
advantages in lightness of operation and freedom from noise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING OR SIGNALLING IN AND WITH RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Dunne Kyle at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th February 1869.
I, DAVID DUNNE KYLE, of Victoria Street, Westminster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING OR SIGNALLING IN AND WITH
RAILWAY TRAINS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in improved means of producing a constant
sound or alarum in any part or parts of a railway train, such constant
sound or alarum to form a communication or signal by causing inter-
ruptions or stoppages thereof. For this purpose tubes are attached to
the engine & carriages of a train, so as to form along the train or any
portion thereof one or more continuous tube or tubes when connected
together. Stop-cocks or other apparatus are arranged in connection
with these tubes to be acted on by the passengers, guards, or drivers, or
by agency mechanically arranged in or external to the train, so as to
destroy the continuity of the bore or channel of the tubes. Exhausting
or pumping apparatus on the engine, guard's van, or other part of the
train wrought by power obtained from the engine or motion of the

page_text: carriages, or by independent motive power, is placed in connection with
these tubes.
The improved means above referred to as being my present Invention
consists in exhausting the air out of the tubes above described, so as to
produce a constant sound or alarum by the ingress of air acting through
whistles or other apertures into the tubes at any points where desired.
Also in the use of a steam jet in producing a vacuum or exhaustion of
air in the tubes when required.
Also in the use of flexible tubes, so that their elasticity will restore
the continuity of the bore after compression in effecting the signal.
Also in an arrangement of tubes coiled on cylinders or rollers to admit
of the extension of the tubes along the train.
Also in a system or code of signals produced by the greater or lesser
duration of the interruptions of the constant sound.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SILE CLOTHS AND IN FIXING THEM ON SILE BOLTING REELS FOR DRESSING MEAL AND FLOUR
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Harvey Clarke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th January 1860.
I, ROBERT HARVEY CLARKE, of Earsham, in the County of Norfolk,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SILE CLOTHS AND IN FIXING THEM ON SILE BOLTING REELS
FOR DRESSING MEAL AND FLOUR," to be as follows:-
Ieretofore in fixing silk cloths on bolting reels the tension has been
applied in one direction only by lacing and straining the sides together,
by which means the perforations in the cloths are elongated, thereby
preventing the proper quality and quantity of meal or flour passing
therethrough.
Now my Invention consists in applying an equal strain or tension to
the ends of such cloths as well as to the sides thereof, whereby the proper
square or shape of the said perforations is preserved, the desired quality
and quantity of meal and flour are obtained, and the process of dressing
is more speedily accomplished.

page_text: In order to carry out my Invention I fix a strip or strips of leather,
linen, or other suitable material to the end or ends of the bolting reels,
the strips on the cloths being laced or otherwise strained and secured to
the strips on the reels.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATION OF MINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Webb at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th August
1869.
I, THOMAS WEBB, of Clarence Road, Bow, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE VENTILATION OF MINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in erecting force pumps near the down-cast
shafts of mines, and employing the said pumps to force a constant
current of fresh air to the several workings of the mines through tubes
or pipes, so as to supply pure air to the workmen, and at the same time
force out the vitiated air from the mine through the up-cast shaft, or the
vitiated air may be exhausted from the mine by revolving fans or other
suitable means, and by thus preventing the accumulation of foul air in
mines human life may be preserved and fatal explosions avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-ACTING STOP-COCKS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Stephen Martin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd November 1869.
I, THOMAS STEPHEN MARTIN, of Plymouth, in the County of Devon,
Wine Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SELF-ACTING STOP-COCKS," to be as.
follows:-
This Invention relates to certain arrangements of mechanism whereby
self-acting stop-cocks for water and other liquids can be advantageously
constructed.
The cock consists of a tube, one end of which is inserted into the
receptacle which contains the liquid, and the other end being provided
with an exit opening or pipe. The forward portion of the tube behind
the exit opening or pipe is constructed of a conical form, and a conical
plug is placed therein, the same being mounted on a rod which passes
through the centre thereof. The rod is mounted in suitable bearings at
the forward and rear ends of the tube, the forward end of the rod being

page_text: furnished with a knob or head by which it may be actuated. In its
normal position the conical plug fits tightly into the conical portion of
the tube, but upon pressing the knob or head of the rod it is forced
backwards, thus allowing the liquid to pass in a forward direction and to
flow out of the exit opening or pipe. When the pressure is removed
from the rod the force of the liquid restores the conical plug to its original
position, and prevents the flow of the liquid. These arrangements admit
of obvious modifications by which they can be adapted to various
requirements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Whitehead at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th February 1869.
I, JOHN WHITEHEAD, of Middleton Road, Oldham, in the County
of Lancaster, Brick Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
In performing my Invention the front of the furnace, the firing door,
and the grate bars are made in any approved manner. My Invention
consists principally in the application of a perforated block of brickwork
or fire-clay of any length, which is placed above or in the place of the
ordinary bridge at the back end of the fire bars; this block of brickwork
or fire-clay rises from the level of the fire-bars up to the top of the flue
in flued boilers, and up to the boiler in fire-places for egg-end or any
other kind of boilers which are fixed underneath. When the improved
furnace is applied to other purposes besides boilers the perforated bridge
must be shaped to suit the particular purpose to which it is applied.
The perforations may be of different sizes and placed in different positions
according to the form of the furnace. The smoke being compelled to

page_text: pass through the perforations in the upper bridge is entirely consumed
by the flames arising from the fire and by the heat of the fire-bricks
forming the upper bridge. In order still further to assist the con-
sumption of the smoke passages are made in the block of brickwork or
fire-clay for the admission of air from underneath the fire bars to the
interior of the perforations in the block of brickwork or fire-clay. These
passages are opened or closed by valves or dampers which can be acted
upon from the front of the furnace.
IMPROVED FASTENERS FOR NECK-TIES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
June 1869.
I, RICHARD WILSON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Hosier, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
FASTENERS FOR NECK-TIES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved appliances for fastening or
securing neck-ties to the collar so that the tie may be attached or
detached instantly, and avoids creasing the collar. The fasteners are con-
structed as follows:-At the back of the tie is secured (by stitching
through holes therein) a strip of thin metal, which is also provided with
a hole through which the collar stud is passed, a second strip of metal
is employed and provided with a corresponding hole for the stud, a
portion of the edge of the first-named strip of metal is "turned over,"
and forms a groove or passage in which the second mentioned or front
strip may slide or move downwards. On attaching the tie the head of
the stud is passed through the holes in the strips of metal, and the front
one is pulled downwards and slides to the shank of the stud, which is
thus held firmly thereby, and the tie is securely fastened; or I employ

page_text: a wire which midway its length is twisted so as to form a semicircle
or arch, and the length of wire on each side of this arched portion is
again twisted about midway its length, forming an eye, through which
by stitching the wire fastener is secured to the tie, the arched or curved
portion of the wire fastener rests on the shank of the collar stud, each
end of the wire passes under the collar, and the tie is securely held.
This fastener is intended to be used only in connection with "turn-
down" collars.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE PRESENCE OF CERTAIN BODIES WHICH ARE CONCEALED FROM VIEW, AND FOR DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN ONE BODY AND ANOTHER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Sutton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
November 1869.
I, CHARLES SUTTON, of No. 108, Holloway Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING THE PRESENCE OF CERTAIN
BODIES WHICH ARE CONCEALED FROM VIEW, AND FOR DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN ONE
BODY AND ANOTHER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improved means of and apparatus
for ascertaining the presence of certain bodies which are concealed from
view, and for discriminating between one body and another.
I provide a suitable box or case consisting, by preference, of a sheath
rectangular in section, and receiving within it a drawer or slide; into
this a number of wooden blocks are fitted, or bodies of other material
may be employed, and into each of such block or body a small magnet
is fitted, or in place of a magnet a piece of iron or other magnetic
substance may be used. In combination with this arrangement au

page_text: instrument is employed consisting of an eye tube with a compass needle
within it. On applying the eye tube to the box or case when the blocks
or bodies are concealed in it. the needle aleins itself with or directs itself
to the magnet or magnetic substance in the nearest concealed body,
and the presence and identity of such body are in this way at once 5
determined.
A NOVEL, INSTRUCTIVE AND AMUSING GEOGRAPHICAL GAME, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 15th September 1869.-A communication from abroad by
Dominique Hector Dauzats, of 39, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris,
France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son,
of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NOVEL, INSTRUCTIVE AND AMUSING GEOGRAPHICAL GAME, AND APPARATUS
THEREFOR," a communication to me from abroad by Dominique Hector
Dauzats, of 39, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France, to be as follows:-
This game consists 1°, in a map, say of France, divided into small
squares which make it a sort of draughtboard. This arrangement has
been chosen in order that each department may be placed, at least in part,
in one of these small equal squares; in this part are inscribed the name
and the arms of the principal town of the department which occupies it, as
well as the name of the department in larger characters. 2°, in 88-pieces
or pawns (the number of these pieces is unlimited, and will be regulated
by the number of departments, counties, or other topographical divisions

page_text: pieces also represent each flag.
RULES OF THE GAME.
The game is for two persons, each playing alternately. Each player
takes hap-hazard twelve pieces of the color chosen by him or settled by
chance, and places them right and left of the map on which he plays,
and in the camp belonging to him; the two flags are also placed, and
the game begins. Each piece is moved from square to square diagonally
backwards, forwards, in a word in every direction to arrive at the depart-
ment which it represents, and when arrived is returned to the side where
the arms are delineated. The player who first returns his twelve pieces
wins the pieces not returned by his adversary. From this moment the
pieces are moved as in the ordinary game of draughts and can no longer
advance but diagonally one square at a time except when taking other
pieces. The flags also leave their place, moving one square at a time
and only diagonally, but they may advance and return at pleasure. The
player who first plants his standard in the capital wins the game.
To sum up, the novelty of this game lies in the instructive and
amusing combination which compels the player to study the topo-
graphical position of certain towns; provinces, or departments in order to
play and win; and the Invention consists in a novel arrangement of
draughtboard upon a geographical map, and of pieces or pawns bearing
various inscriptions referring to the map serving as draughtboard, what-
ever forms and regulations may be adopted for playing.
AN IMPROVED ATTACHMENT POR ADJUSTING CORDS FOR HANGING PICTURES, MIRRORS, GLASSES, AND FOR OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on.
the 11th March 1869.--A communication from abroad by Rudolph
d'Heureuse, of San Francisco, in the State of California, United
States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ATTACHMENT
POR ADJUSTING CORDS FOR HANGING PICTURES, MIRRORS, GLASSES, AND FOR OTHER
ANALOGOUS PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to furnish an improved attachment
for cords for hanging pictures, mirrors, glasses, and for other analogous
purposes, by means of which the cords may be easily and quickly taken
up and let out for adjusting the hanging of the suspended object without
forming knots in the cords or untying knots previously formed. And
it consists in the use of tubes formed with longitudinal or transverse
notches or slots, provided or not with pins, hooks, or teeth. The
improved attachment is cut out of sheet metal, and is made with wing
pieces, which are bent up to form tubes to receive the cord, the notches

page_text: in the sides of the upper part forming transverse notches at the ends of
the tubes, and the notches in the lower part forming longitudinal notches
in the sides of the tubes, so that the cord may be secured in place when
adjusted by drawing it into one or the other of these notches. The
attachment has a hole formed in it to receive the nail or hook from
which it is to be suspended, and the tubes are formed at an angle with
each other.
As a modification the tubes may be made parallel to each other and
it is without the hole to receive the hook or nail. Another form of
attachment is made in the form of a single tube with longitudinal
notches to receive and fasten the cord. The attachment may be formed
with a hook upon its lower end to hook into the eye of the screw
attached to the frame to be suspended. When properly adjusted the
attachment may be permanently secured to the cord by having teeth
formed in the edge or edges that are turned over to form the tubes which
by compressing the tubes may be forced into the cord. Or small hooks
may be cut out of the plate that is turned over to form the tubes.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN COPS FOR WEPTING AND WARPING PURPOSES, AND IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING AND IN SHUTTLES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Colin Mackay and Thomas
Kennedy Wheeler at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 25th August 1869.
We, COLIN MACKAY, of 3, Clarendon Place, Belfast, in the County of
Antrim, Ireland, and TномAS KENNEDY WHEELER, junior, of the same
Place, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COPS FOR WEPTING AND WARPING PURPOSES, AND IN MACHINERY FOR
MAKING AND IN SHUTTLES FOR CONTAINING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, firstly, in winding yarn on to a revolving
spindle driven by gearing in such a manner that the yarn holds itself
together in a roll of cylindrical form, and when the cop is removed from
the spindle the yarn can be taken from the inside with a uniform tension
to the end without waste.
Second. The thread or yarn is guided on to the spindle by means of a.
traverse fork or guide working parallel to the spindle and receding
from the spindle as the cop increases in size.
Third. In the application of rollers pressing against the cop by means
of weighted levers to give the cop the requisite hardness.

page_text: Fourth. In an improved arrangement for regulating the tension of yarn
to be wound by means of an elbow lever, the long end of which has a
pin or stud resting on the thread which comes over a rod, and thence
over a pin or stud in the short end of the elbow lever. When the yarn
slackens in coming over the rod the long end of the lever descends,
thereby raising the short end of the lever, which brings the thread in
contact with two studs which gives it the necessary tension. When the
cop has attained the required size the spindle is thrown out of gear by
a stop motion. The cop so formed is perfectly cylindrical. The insidė
of the shuttle for receiving the cop must be also cylindrical and the
same size as the cop so as to give a proper bearing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE AND CEMENT BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND ARTICLES, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Duckworth, Thomas
Hindle, and George Bestall Jerram at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 8th October 1869.
We, JOSEPH DUOкWORTH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Contractor, THOMAS HINDLE, of the same Place, Contractor, and GEORGE
BESTALL JERRAM, of the same Place, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
CONCRETE AND CEMENT BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES, AND ARTICLES, AND IN APPARATUS
TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
First. For the purpose of ensuring equal shrinkage in the walls and
partitions of new buildings and structures composed of concrete or
cement, and to obviate hurtful expansion and contraction in concrete
and cement walls and partitions generally, we form these parts hollow
or with passages or spaces therein by employing a collapsible or rigid
core or cores of the desired form, which core or cores we from time to
time draw upwards or outwards as the building or structure is heightened
or added to.
Second. With the object of forming durable and well defined orna-
mental and useful designs in concrete or cement either in relievo or

page_text: intaglio on buildings, structures, or articles composed wholly or partly
of concrete or cement we have devised a novel system of moulding with
moulding boxes so formed in pieces that they part freely when required
The
at any desired point, say at every sharp straight line or curve.
said pieces when fitted together form the mould into which the concrete
or cement is poured or placed; they are bound together by bolts and
nuts, cramps, clips, or their equivalents. When the concrete or cement
has set they can be removed singly, and so leave the moulding or
ornamentation well defined.
Third. To facilitate the erection of buildings and structures of
concrete or cement we employ a so called building machine composed
of courses of plates with the novel features of groove and feather
horizontal joints, and groove and latch vertical joints. The inside
surfaces of these plates are made plain or with any desired pattern or
design thereon.
Fourth. To provide means for supporting or steadying scaffolding
moulds or other parts employed in the erection of concrete or cement
buildings, and to allow the plates on one side to be removed without
disturbing the plates on the other side and for other purposes, we employ
a combined core and bolt. The said core and bolt are cast or otherwise
formed in one piece with screwed or otherwise fashioned ends to receive
nuts or other fasteners, or the core is formed hollow at the ends to receive
screwed bolts.
And, fifth. To expedite the formation of internal passages in concrete
or cement buildings we have devised a contracting and expanding
core; this consists of a cylindrical or tapering hollow frame formed to
receive a wedge-shaped link. The tube is expanded by forcing in the
wedge-shaped link, and contracted by withdrawing it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Culpin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th April
1869.
I, THOMAS CULPIN, of Reading, in the County of Berks, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to improvements in the con-
struction of that part of reaping and mowing machines commonly called
the "beam." This is usually made of a solid bar of iron or steel with a
series of projecting fingers fixed to the flat side thereof by means of
bolts or rivets.
According to my Invention the beam is formed into a flat tube or
hollow bar made of sheet steel or other metal, thereby forming a trussed
beam, thus giving greater rigidity thereto with a given quantity of
material. This form of beam also affords greater facility for fixing the
fingers which are passed through the beam and fixed in their position by
a nut, the end of each finger being secured for that purpose.

page_text: The second part of my Invention relates to the cutting parts of reaping
and mowing machines, and the mode of fixing the same. These parts
are,-
First. A series of steel knives or sections fixed to a steel bar or back,
commonly these sections are rivetted or bolted to a plain bar, but
according to my Invention the bar or back is grooved, and each section
is furnished with a web fitting accurately into the groove of the bar,
and secured by a single screw. These knives or sections may also be
fixed by dovetailing the web and groove, and thereby dispensing with
the screw.
Second. A series of steel cutting plates corresponding in number to
the said knives or sections, one of which is fitted to each finger, and
is secured in its position by the tightening of the nut which fastens
the finger.
The advantages of these improved arrangements and construction of
parts are, great facility in fixing and removing the various parts; the
maintenance of two cutting edges instead of one as in ordinary machines;
and the combination of strength with lightness.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS AND LOCKS FOR BAGS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josef Loebl and Samuel Loebl at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 3rd December 1869.-A communication from abroad by Bernard
Steinmetz, of Rue Notre Dame des Champs, Paris, France.
We, JOSEF LOEBL and SAMUEL LOEBL, both of Aldermanbury, in the
City of London, Manufacturers, trading under the Firm of J. Loebl and
Company, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS AND LOCKS FOR BAGS AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES,"
communicated to us from abroad by Bernard Steinmetz, of Rue Notre
Dame des Champs, Paris, France, to be as follows:-
The improved fastening consists of two members or portions, by the
engagement of which the fastening action is effected.
In ordinary fastenings the fastening action is performed by pushing,
pulling, drawing, or sliding the working member of the fastening,
whereas according to this Invention the working member or portion of
the fastening is caused to engage and disengage with and from the other
or quiescent member or portion by turning the former or causing it to
perform a partial revolution.

page_text: The Invention may be carried into practical effect by forming one
member or portion of the fastening of a notched or recessed plate or of a
lever, hook, or catch fixed or formed on one end of a vertical pin, rod, or
axis free to be turned to the required extent and thereby to turn the
plate, lever, hook, or catch with it, and thus engage it with and dis-
engage it from the other member of the fastening, which consists of a
pin, stud, notched plate, lever, or hook. The plate, lever, hook, or catch
is held in the fastening position by a spring. The pin or axis is turned
open the fastening.
A lock may be combined with the fastening thus :-A notched sliding
plate is acted on by a key, so that when worked in one direction a portion
of or piece attached to or actuated by such plate is brought into such
position as to prevent the recessed plate, lever, or hook, or catch from
being moved or turned by its axis or pin. The plate when moved in
the opposite direction releases the moveable plate, catch, lever, or hook.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE LAMPS OR IMITATION CANDLES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Wellesly Bernard at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 13th December 1869.-A communication from abroad by
Casimir Rakowski, of No. 84, Rue Cléry, in the City of Paris, in
the Empire of France.
I, RICHARD WELLESLY BERNARD, of Kildare, in the County of
Kildare, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CANDLE LAMPS OR IMITATION CANDLES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in candle lamps or
imitation candles. For this purpose I employ a metal tube enamelled
on the outside to resemble a candle, or it may be plated or otherwise
ornamented, or the tube may be of porcelain or other material. It is
closed at its lower end, and at its upper end it receives a screw plug
or nozzle, from which a wick tube descends nearly to the bottom of the
candle-like body of the lamp. The spirit or oil which the imitation
candle is to burn is poured into the hollow body and is there securely
retained by the screwing in of the nozzle and wick tube.
air may enter the body as the oil or spirit is consumed a small tube is
provided passing up from the bottom nearly to the top of the imitation
In order that

page_text: candle. In some cases, as in candles intended for use in carriage lamps,
or which are otherwise likely to be shaken whilst in use, I provide a
guard within the candle body over the level of the oil or spirit, such
guard having a passage through it for the wick tube. The wick tube
does not fit the passage exactly, so that the air requisite to supply the
place of the oil or spirit consumed is able to descend past the guard. To
prevent the possibility of the liquid descending the air tube the upper
end of the air tube may be protected by a cap inverted over it but still
allowing free passage to the air. The candles may when requisite be
provided with two or more wicks and wick tubes; such candles, will
usually be burnt in lamps, and with a chimney to insure a sufficient
supply of air to the flame.
Im- PROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO SPEAKING PIPES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Sutton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th July
1869.
I, EDWIN SUTTON, of No. 204, Regent Street, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO SPEAKING PIPES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements applicable to speaking
pipes. Heretofore it has been usual to provide speaking pipes with a
stopper having a whistle formed in it, and the person wishing to com-
municate from a distance by blowing into the pipe at its other end
causes this whistle to sound. The person receiving the communication
has then to remove the whistle stopper in order that the voice of the
distant person may be clearly heard, and in order that he may be able
to speak into the pipe in return. The moveable stopper is however
frequently inconvenient and is liable to be lost.
According to my Invention I mount the whistle permanently within.
the tube just below the mouth piece, and I provide the apparatus with
a finger key and a valve so arranged that when the finger key is not
operated on the wind in escaping from the pipe is compelled to pass

page_text: through the whistle, but when the finger key is pressed down or acted
upon a free passage is opened past the whistle through which the sound
of the voice passes freely in either direction. The whistle may if
desired be applied to a passage branching out of the pipe to which the
mouth piece is applied; the finger key and valve, as before, closes or
opens the passage to the mouth piece, and it may simultaneously open
or close the whistle.
A NEW OR IMPROVED BAKING POWDER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dymond at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
March 1869.
I, GEORGE DYMOND, of the Firm of Southall, Son, and Dymond, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturing Chemists, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED BAKING POWDER," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the production of a baking powder,
which in the baking process will evolve the requisite gaseous matter to
give a light and spongy character to the bread or pastry into which it is
introduced, and also to restore to the flour mineral or inorganic con-
stituents similar to those which have been removed in the bran during
the process of bolting the flour.
By the use of my new or imploved baking powder the bread or pastry
is made light or spongy without the use of yeast or other ferment, and
is also made more nutritive than ordinary bread or pastry.
In making a baking powder according to my Invention, I take acid
or superphosphate of lime together with bicarbonate of soda or potash.

page_text: In order to neutralize the deliquescent property of the acid phosphate
of lime I mix it with starch or other farinaceous matter. One part
of the said phosphate of lime to two parts of starch or farina answers
well in practice. I mix the said starch or farina and phosphate of lime
with carbonate of soda or potash in the proportion of two parts of
the said mixture to one part of carbonate of soda or potash.
Although the proportions described of the several ingredients I
employ answer well in practice, yet I do not limit myself thereto, as
the proportions may be varied without departing from the nature of
my Invention.
My new or improved baking powder may either be added to the flour
just before it is made into dough or paste, or it may be mixed with the
flour at any time before the flour is used.
AN IMPROVED POT OR VESSEL FOR CONTAINING AND CONVEYING BUTTER, LARD, JELLIES, OR OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, AND FOR AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE FORE OF LID OR COVERING FOR SUCH POTS OR VESSELS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred John Dulake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th September 1869.
I, ALFRED JOHN DULAKE, of Redhill, in the County of Surrey,
Grocer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED POT OR VESSEL FOR CONTAINING AND CONVEYING BUTTER, LARD, JELLIES,
OR OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, AND FOR AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE FORE OF LID OR
COVERING FOR SUCH POTS OR VESSELS," to be as follows:--
It is intended to construct these improved pots or vessels so that the
bottom is left open, having merely a rim or cone inside, on which a
separate disc or piston rests, which is made to fit the inside of the pot,
so that when the butter, lard, or other similar substances are filled into
the pot, and when required to be taken out of the pot for use or sale,
the said disc or piston is pressed upwards from the bottom, thereby
forcing out at the top the butter, lard, or other similar substances, which
then can be cut off in slices of the quantity that may be required for
present use or sale, and afterwards covered up by the lid, so as to keep the
butter, lard, or other similar substances from being so readily tainted or

page_text: becoming rancid by excluding the action of the air upon the surfaces of
the same, as would otherwise be the case unless so protected.
The improvement in the form of the lid for covering such pots or
vessels consists in forming projections on the under side of the lid,
which pass through openings left in the rim or mouth of the pot, at
which also are made equal projections to suit the lid, so that when the
lid is put in the pot the projections on the lid pass through the openings
left at the mouth of the pot, and when the said lid is turned a little
way round the projections of the lid pass under the projections on the
inside of the mouth of the pot and so close it, and if necessary a washer
of india-rubber or similar material may be placed on the joint to
render it more close and air-tight. These pots or vessels may be cylin-
drical, square, or polygonal in their form and made of any suitable
material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FACTORY SLIVER CANS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th May 1869.-A communication from abroad by Ezra Haskell,
of Dover, in the State of New Hampshire, and United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FACTORY SLIVER
CANS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in sliver cans used in cotton
manufactories for receiving and discharging the cotton in the form of
what is known as the sliver in the process of spinning. These cans
have hitherto been made of tin, which by the rough usage to which
they are subjected are soon destroyed or rendered useless.
The present Invention consists in making these cans of what is known
as "leather board," an article made of leather scraps combined with
fibre and other substances. This material possesses many of the qualities
of real leather while it is vastly cheaper. A sheet of this material is

page_text: formed into a cylinder with edges rivetted or cemented together. The
cylinder may,
if desired, be made of pasteboard, papier maché, or other
strong and durable material, but "leather board" is preferred on
account of its chicapness. Around the top of the cylinder is placed a
double or single metallic flange. Around the lower end of the cylinder
is placed a band for the purpose of strengthening that portion. The
bottom is made of wood to which the cylinder is attached by nails, or in
any other suitable manner. The rim is attached by rivets, or is other-
wise secured to the upper end of the cylinder and protects it from
injury.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING WASTE HEAT FROM THE FURNACES OF GAS RETORTS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Fairlie Wilson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th September 1869.
I, ALEXANDER FAIRLIE WILSON, of Parà, in Brazil, but at present
staying at the Offices of the Parà Gas Company, Limited, No. 3, Victoria
Street, in the City of Westminster, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND
APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING WASTE HEAT FROM THE FURNACES OF GAS RETORTS,'
to be as follows:-
"
Formerly the products of combustion from the furnaces used for
heating gas retorts were on their passage from the main flues into the
chimneys or uptakes made to heat chambers for drying the wet lime
after its having been used in the purification of the gas, but since this
process of purifying became almost obsolete the products of combustion
have been allowed to escape at a very high temperature direct from the
main flues into the chimneys or uptakes, whereby great waste of heat
results.
Now my Invention consists in utilizing the said products of com-
bustion or waste heat escaping from the retort ovens into the main flues
for heating the air before its admission to the furnaces for sustaining

page_text: combustion therein, and this may be done in various ways, but by
preference I construct chambers above the retort benches or otherwise,
and divide such chambers by means of walls or partitions so as to form
large flues or passages arranged to cause the products of combustion to
travel backwards and forwards along the chambers. Within these flues
or passages I place tubes through which the air for admission into the
furnaces is passed so as to raise its temperature on its way to the fires,
and thus to effect considerable economy in the consumption of fuel.
The air may be admitted to the furnaces by means of branch pipes
working on spigot and socket hinges attached to doors for closing the
apertures underneath the furnace doors, which are usually left open for
cleaning the furnace ash-pits, and through which at present air for com-
bustion in the furnaces is admitted underneath the bars. The spigot and
socket hinges may be arranged so that when these doors are opened for
withdrawing ashes from the ash-pits the apertures in the pipes may be
shut, and when the doors are closed the apertures will be open for the
admission of the heated air into the furnaces. I believe that heated air
has never before been applied to the furnaces of gas retort ovens for
economising fuel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS, TAPS, AND VALVES FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF STEAM OR WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Snook at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
February 1869.
I, ROBERT SNOOK, of 18, New Street, Horslydown, Engineer and
Brass Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS, TAPS, AND VALVES FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF
STEAM OR WATER OR OTHER FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved cock for the purpose of
regulating the flow of all kinds of fluids, whether liquid or gaseous. This
improved cock consists of a chamber or barrel of suitable form
and material fitted to receive a conical plug, which plug is disposed
horizontally and centrally within the barrel. This conical plug is made
hollow and has the larger end of the cone open, which opening serves
for the admission of the fluid, which fluid has its exit through an orifice
left in the side of the conical plug. This orifice, by means of a handle
fixed vertically into the plug and working through a slot made in the
side of the barrel, may or may not be put into communication with a

page_text: passage constructed at the side of the barrel, which passage leads into
the outlet. It will be readily understood that the pressure of steam or
other fluid within the conical plug tends to keep the plug steam-tight,
and to adjust the plug in the event of its wearing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING FLUIDS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Walker at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th October
1809.
I, JAMES WALKER, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING FLUIDS," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object to secure increased simplicity in the
construction with efficiency and reliability in the working of apparatus
for measuring fluids. The improved apparatus comprises a cylinder or
other conveniently shaped vessel with a piston reciprocating inside it, but
not necessarily attached to any piston rod. The piston has on each side
of it one or more levers, and on the piston approaching either end of
its stroke one end of each lever comes in contact with the end of the
cylinder, which causes the opposite end of the lever to advance with a
quicker motion than that of the piston and push out a rod passing out
through a stuffing box. The rod acts on a lever outside at a point
near its fulcrum, and this lever acts with a point further from its
fulcrum on a second longer lever. There are similar parts at both ends

page_text: of the cylinder, and the two long levers are connected to each other and
to the valve, so that when either lever is moved it not only shifts the
valve, but also sets in the opposite lever to the position for being acted
upon when the piston reaches the other end of the cylinder. The valve
may be of any of the kinds in use, but a cylindrical or slightly conical
one is preferred, which is shifted by being turned through a small angle,
and which has two diametrically opposite cavities in its side, one cover-
ing the exhaust and the other communicating with it and balancing the
pressure on it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH DOORS FOR REGULATING THE ADMISSION OF AIR TO FURNACES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Parkinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
February 1869.
I, THOMAS PARKINSON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH DOORS FOR REGULATING THE ADMISSION
OF AIR TO FURNACES," to be as follows:-
My improvements are applicable to the fire-doors and ash-pit doors of
steam boiler and other furnaces, and consist, as means for admitting a
large volume of air immediately after adding fresh fuel, when there is
an excess of hydrocarbon gases, and gradually reducing the quantity
until the fuel becomes red hot, when the supply is altogether or nearly
altogether shut off, in casting, forming, or attaching on or to the door a
tank or vessel to contain water or other liquid, and in placing within the
said tank a so-called airometer, which airometer gives motion to the
regulating shutter or valve (the latter of novel construction) acting in or
over air-entrance apertures formed in the door. The said airometer
consists of a vessel similar in form to a gasholder; it is fitted at its upper

page_text: end with an air-escape valve. At intervals, say every time fuel is added,
it is raised out of the liquid in the tank either by a tappet, by the opening
of the door, or by hand, and thereby filled with air. The speed at which
the airometer falls in the tank is regulated by opening the air-escape
valve more or less, and the motion thereby obtained is communicated by
a cross head or other means to the slide or valve moving as aforesaid
over or in the air entrance apertures in the door. The speed with which
the said slides or valve closes (I prefer to use two slides or valves) is
controlled by the fall of the airometer in the tank, hence the volume of
air admitted to the furnace is in exact proportion to the adjustment of
the air-escape valve forming part of the airometer. The regulating
valves I have denominated segmental valves; they consists of segments
of a cylinder attached to stems which rise upwards and pass through
slots or apertures formed in the ends of a cross head attached to the
airometer. The stems are flat and twisted, and in consequence the cross
head as it falls or rises causes the segmental valves to close over or open
from the air-entrance apertures.