Improvements in Means for Locking Nuts on Screws or Bolts.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 22nd June, 1894-Accepted, 23th July, 1504
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Means for Locking Nuts on Screws or Bolts.
I, ERNEST DE MOERLOOSE, of 7 Rue des Plantes, Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the means for locking nuts on screws or bolts which form the subject of the
present invention, each of the parts, viz.: the bolt, the washer and the nut, present
particularities of construction hereinafter described.
1. The bolt is formed with a longitudinal groove or flat.
2. The washer has formed on its inner edge a tooth or flat which lodges in the
groove or against the flat of the bolt. The circumference of the washer is cut into
a number of projections or wings in the present example.
3. In the nut (which is supposed to have six sides in the present case) and on the
points of intersection of these sides with the face intended to be applied against the
washer, are cut six oblique notches limited on each side by triangular projections
and intended to become stopping places.
By means of the tooth or flat of the washer fitting the longitudinal groove or
flat of the bolt or screw, the washer is prevented from turning on the bolt. On
the nut being screwed against the washer, if any one of the projections of the
washer does not present itself exactly before one of the notches of the nut, it is
sufficient to give to this latter, at the most, a of a turn in order that one or
other of the projections may present itself exactly in front of one or other of the
notches. By the aid of a tool this projection is bent into the corresponding notch
and the bolt or screw will remain fixed until the projection is bent back again to
allow it to come out of the notch, for my invention allows of the fixing or releasing
of the nut at will.
The washer has projections around the whole of its circumference but the central
annular part is thicker, which allows the introduction of a tool thereto at the time
of locking and which at the time of unlocking allows the nut to be unscrewed even
when the bending back of the projection should not have brought this latter into
the absolute plane of the washer.
This method of applying my invention appears to me to be the most simple.
I do not confine myself to the number of six notches and seven projections; these
numbers have no influence upon the invention, which accommodates itself to various
numbers. I have chosen these numbers in order to establish what I have said
relatively to a of a turn. By adopting an eight sided nut having eight notches
and a washer with nine projections, this of a turn would be reduced to of a
turn. The method I have just described is capable of many variations.
The notches of the nut can be made in each of its sides parallel with the axis of
the nut and receive one or other projection of the washer if the projections are
equal in number to the notches, several of the projections can be bent up but the
juxta-position of the notches and projections will not be obtained with the
turn as above explained.
of a
Another variation consists in passing the washer over the bolt or screw after the
screwing up of the nut. The washer is provided with the same tooth or flat which
fits the groove or flat of the bolt or screw. The nut has, on the face against which
the washer is applied, a series of diametrical recesses, which, combined, form a kind
The washer has one or several diametrical projections intended to fit into
the diametrical recesses of the nut, and, the juxta-position of the diametrical
recesses and projections being obtained, the washer is fixed against the nut by
of star.

page_text: means of one or more projections which extend along its sides and is or are
bent under the other face of the nut or into a notch or recess in any convenient
position.
Another variation consists in screwing up the nut upon the bolt or screw and in
passing over the latter a metallic box the bottom of which consists of the washer
with its tooth or flat fitting the groove or flat of the bolt or screw and whose sides
form a cavity of same form as the nut so that the latter can fit therein. It is
generally necessary to tighten or slacken the nut in order that its sides may be
presented parallel with those of the box when the latter is required to cover it.
When the box covers the nut the latter can no longer turn in consequence of the
tooth or flat of the bottom of the box fitting the groove or flat of the bolt or screw.
Then, in order to prevent the backward or end wise movement of the box and the
consequent freedom of the nut, the box is furnished with one or several claws which
are forced slightly at the moment when the box is pushed home and fit either
automatically or by means of a tool into a notch forined in any convenient part of
the exterior of the nut or on its posterior face.
All these variations I consider less practical and simple than that herein firstly
described.
Dated this 25th day of Sentember 1893.
ERNEST DE MOERLOOSE,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Means for Locking Nuts on Screws or Bolts.
I, ERNEST DE MOERLOOSE of 7 Rue des Plantes, Brussels, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
In the means for locking nuts on screws or bolts which form the subject of the
present invention each of the parts viz. the bolt, the washer and the nut present
peculiarities of construction hereinafter described.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is an elevation and Figure 1A is a sectional plan of the form of bolt
I employ separately.
Figure 2 is a plan and Figure 24 is a cross section of the locking washer.
Figure 3 is a cross section and Figure 3* is an underside view of the form of nut
which I employ in combination with the above parts.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation showing two parts connected by a bolt and nut
fitted with my improvements.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation showing a modification,
Figure 5 is a plan of the nut employed with the above modification and
Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the locking means represented at Figures 1
to 4 mounted on a bolt.
The bolt is formed with a longitudinal groove or flat m.
The washer has formed on its inner edge a tooth or flat d (see Figs. 2 and 6)
which lodges in the groove or against the fat m of the bolt. The circumference
of the washer is cut into a number of projections or wings in the present
example.
In the nut which is represented with six sides in the present case) and on the
points of intersection of these sides with the face intended to be applied against
the washer, are cut six oblique notches e limited on each side by triangular
projections, shown in Figure 34 and intended to become stopping places.

page_text: By means of the tooth or flat d of the washer fitting the longitudinal groove or
flat in of the bolt, or screw the washer is prevented from turning on the bolt.
On the nut being screwed against the washer, if any one of the projections of
the washer does not present itself exactly before one of the notches e of the nut,
it is sufficient to give to this latter, at the most a of a turn in order that one or
other of the projections e may present itself exactly in front of one or other of
the notches e.
By the aid of a tool this projection is bent into the corresponding notch and the
bolt or screw will remain fixed until the projection is bent back again to allow it to
come out of the notch for my invention allows of the fixing or releasing of the nut
at will.
The washer R has projections around the whole of its circumference but the
central annular part is thicker which allows the introduction of a tool thereto at
the time of locking, and which at the time of unlocking allows the nut to be
unscrewed even when the bending back of the projection should not have brought
this latter into the absolute plane of the washer.
Figure 4 shows in side elevation the nut screwed in place and this is the method
of applying my invention which appears to me to be the most simple.
I do not confine myself to the number of six notches and seven projections,
these particular numbers are not necessary to the invention which accommodates
itself to various numbers.
I have chosen these numbers in order to establish what I have said relatively to
a of a turn. By adopting an eight sided nut having 8 notches and a washer
with 9 projections this of a turn would be reduced to of a turn.
The method I have just described is capable of many variations.
The notches of the nut can be made in each of its sides parallel with the axis of
the nut and receive one or other projection of the washer, if the projections are
equal in number to the notches, several of the projectious can be bent up, but in
such case the juxtaposition of the notches aud projections will not be obtained
with the of a turn as above explained.
Another variation represented at Figures 5 and 5^, consists in passing the
washer over the bolt or screw after the screwing up of the nut. The washer is
provided with the same tooth or flat which fits the groove or flat m of the bolt
or screw.
The uut has ou the face against which the washer is applied, a series of
diametrical recesses, which combined form a kind of star.
The washer has one or several diametrical projections intended to fit into the
diametrical recesses of the nut and the juxta-position of the diametrical recesses
and projections being obtained the washer is fixed against the nut by means of one
or more projections which extend along its sides and is or are bent under the other
face of the nut or into a notch or recess in any convenient position.
Another variation consists in screwing up the nut upon the bolt or screw and in
passing over the latter a metallic box the bottom of which consists of the washer
with its tooth or flat d fitting the groove or flat m of the bolt or screw and whose
sides form a cavity of same form as the nut so that the latter can fit therein. It is
generally necessary to tighten or slacken the nut in order that its sides may be
presented parallel with those of the box when the latter is required to cover it.
When the box covers the nut the latter can no longer turn in consequence of the
tooth or flat d of the bottom of the box fitting the groove or flat m of the bolt or
) screw.
Then in order to prevent the backward or end wise movement of the box and the
consequent freedom of the nut the box is furnished with one or several claws
which are forced slightly at the moment when the box is pushed home and fit
either automatically or by means of a tool into a notch formed in any convenient
part of the exterior of the nut or on its posterior face.
All these variations I consider less practical and simple than that shown at
Figures 1, 2, 24, 3, 34, 4 and 6.

page_text: Figure 6 shows in perspective the combination of the bolt or screw, the nut and
the washer, the two latter being separated from each other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The means for locking nuts on all kinds of bolts and screws consisting of the
arrangement of the washer and the nut with the bolt or screw in such manner that
a tooth d of the washer R rests in or against the groove or flat m of the bolt or
screw and thus fixes the washer and a projection or wing C of the washer fits into
a notch e of the nut substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
2. In means for locking nuts the employment of washers with wings or
projections and of nuts with notches the sides of which retain the said wings or
projections after they have been bent into an inclined position substantially as
herein shown and described.
3. The various modifications in the arrangement of the notches in the sides of
the nuts and also the modification in which the washer is placed upon the upper
surface of the recessed, grooved or indented nut into which fit the projections of
the washer, this latter being fixed by one or several teeth below the nut
substantially as herein shown and described.
4. The modification of the hollow box covering the nut and being retained in
position by one or several teeth substantially as herein described.
5. The improved means of locking nuts by the aid of their washers, the whole
substantially as described and represented in the accompanying drawings.
אה ממ-Introl
1203
Inter Juno TXUR
ERNEST DE MOERLOOSE,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.