Improvements in Separating Tar and Ammonia from Gases and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 6th June, 1890-Accepted, 6th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Separating Tar and Ammonia from Gases and in
Apparatus therefor.
I FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY of Freshfield in the County of Lancaster Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object is to economically cool blast furnaces and like gases and remove tar and
ammonia or other products therefrom.
My invention consists
First. In employing the cooled gases from which tar and ammonia have been
removed to reduce the temperature of the gases to be treated.
Second. In submitting the gases to the action of oil or the like to remove the tar
and then to the action of water to remove the ammonia.
Third. In combining with washing towers for removing the tar and ammonia drying
towers for separating oil and water from the gases and in so constructing the apparatus
that the gases leaving the furnace pass around the gases being treated.
Fourth. In providing means for circulating the various fluids so as to obtain
continuous action.
Fifth. In combining apparatus as herein set forth with coolers of usual construction
the apparatus being separated from each other by blow off or anti-ignition valves.
Dated this 5th day of September 1889.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Separating Tar and Ammonia from Gases and in
Apparatus therefor.
I FREDERICK NOEL MACKAY of Freshfield in the County of Lancaster Engineer &c.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object is to economically cool blast furnaces and like gases and remove tar and
ammonia or other products therefrom.
My invention consists
First. In employing the cooled gases from which tar and ammonia have been removed
to reduce the temperature of the gases to be treated.
Second. In submitting the gases to the action of oil or the like, to remove the
tar, and then to the action of water to remove the ammonia or vice versa.
Third. In combining with washing towers for removing the tar and ammonia
drying towers for separating oil and water from the gases and in so constructing the
apparatus that the gases leaving the furnace pass around the gases being treated.
Fourth. In providing means for circulating the various fluids so as to obtain
continuous action.
Fifth. In combining apparatus as herein set forth with coolers of usual construction
the apparatus being separated from each other by or having between them blow-off or
anti-ignition valves.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a plan part being in section, and fig. 2 is an elevation part being in section
of apparatus for separating tar and ammonia from gases under my invention.
1 and 2 are washing towers or scrubbers for the gases to be treated. 3 are jackets
around the said towers. The towers 1 are divided into compartments by perforated
Pine 811

page_text: plates, 4 and 5, having alternately central and circumferential openings as shown
in fig. 2. Some of the compartments are filled with broken bricks, coke or other
suitable material 7 offering large surfaces of contact. Some are empty and provided
with manholes 6, whilst the lowest compartment but one is by preference filled with
pieces of corrugated metal, bent wire, or like material, 89 openings from the jackets 3
to the lowest compartments of the towers 1. 10 ways leading from the top com-
partments of the towers 1 to the tops of the towers 2. 11 pipes through which cold
water is caused to enter the top compartments of the towers 1. 12 outlet ways from
the bottom compartments of the towers 1. The towers 2 have central pipes 13 leading
from the pipes 10 to near the bottoms of the towers. 14 are plates projecting
alternately from opposite sides of the pipes 13, so as to form an undulating way or
passage. The annuli between the pipes 13 and the walls 2 of the towers are divided
into compartments by perforated plates 15 on which broken bricks, coke or like
materials are spread. 16 are nozzle plates for distributing oil amongst the bricks or
like material. 17 pipes through which oil is supplied to the annuli. 18, outlet ways
from the bottoms of the towers. 19, openings between the jacketed spaces of the towers 2
and 1. 20 are drying towers for separating from the gases any water and oil carried over.
The towers 20 are provided with jackets 21, which open by ways 22 into the jackets
of the towers 2, and by ways 23 into a transverse connecting main 24.
towers 20 are connected at the top to the towers 2 by pipes 25 and at the bottom to a
transverse main 26 by pipes 27. 28 draw off cock on the main 26. The main 26 is
connected to a series of serpentine pipes 29. The said pipes 29 are surrounded by
jackets 30 connected by ways 31. 32 are inlets to the jackets. 33 are outlet branches
from the jackets closed by blow off or anti ignition valves 34, and having ways 35 at
right angles thereto leading into the main 24. The gases from the furnace or like
gases to be treated, enter the apparatus at 32 pass through the jackets surrounding
the pipes 29, through the branches 33 and past the relief blow off or anti-ignition
valves 34 and by the ways 35 to the main 24. In case of too great pressure, explosion
or the like, the said valves open and prevent damage to the apparatus.
main 24 the gases pass through the jackets of the towers 20, and 1 into the tower 1.
The gases then pass up the tower where they meet with the descending water and have
the tar and ammonia washed out. The said tar and ammonia flows away by the
outlets 12, the partly purified gases then descend the towers 2 pass up through the
annuli meet with the descending oil which absorbs various tar products still remaining
in the gases. The charged oil flows away by the outlets 18.
The said
From the
The gases now pass down the towers 20 and any oil and water carried over, drains
off into the main 26 and is removed through the draw off cock 28. The gases then
pass through the pipes 29 where they absorb a quantity of the heat of the incoming
gases and escape.
1t will be noted all through the apparatus that the incoming gases are being cooled
by the outgoing gases.
Fig. 3 is an elevation partly in section of a modification of apparatus under my
invention. a is a gas washing apparatus of usual construction, 6 is an ammonia or like
refrigerator and washer, c is a pipe leading from the gas washer a to the refrigerator
and washer b, d is a pipe leading from the refrigerator and washer 6 to an oil washer e,
f is an exchanger or cooler of any usual construction connected at g to the washer e
and by the pipe / to the washer a. i inlet outlet. The gases to be treated enter the
exchanger at i and pass on one side of leaves pipes or like devices to the pipe h and
thence to the washer a where the ammonia and tar are mainly separated by means of
water, the gases then pass by the pipe c through the refrigerator case where they come
into contact with a shower of water supplied through the pipe and coil and are cooled
and have any remaining tar and ammonia removed. The water flows from the
refrigerating chamber at a low temperature through the pipe k to the washer a.
gases from 6 pass by the pipe d into the washer e where they are met with a shower
of oil supplied through the pipe m part of which is a coil contained in a branch of the
refrigerator 6 the said gases then pass out through the exchanger and cool the
incoming gases.
The

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First. In separating tar and ammonia from blast furnace and like gases, cooling
the gases to be treated by means of the gases from which tar and ammonia have
been removed.
Second. In submitting blast furnace and like gases at separate times to the action
of oil and also to the action of water for the purpose set forth.
Third. The combination of jacketed wash towers with jacketed drying towers
substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. In combining apparatus for separating tar and ammonia from gases
substantially as set forth so as to obtain continuous action.
Fifth. The combination of apparatus for separating tar and ammonia from gases
with cooling apparatus when the two are separated from each other by or having
between them blow off or anti-ignition valves.
Dated this 5th day of June 1800
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.