Improvements in the Manufacture of Coated or Enamelled Paper.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left 10th July, 1896-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Coated or Enamelled Paper.
GEORGE WILLIAM ADOLPHUS FITZGEORGE Colonel in Her Majesty's Army,
10 Chester Terrace, Regent's Park London N.W. HAWTHORN JAMES BROWN
Papermaker, South Darenth, Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
A process whereby paper can be coated, or enamelled on both sides, sinul-
taneously with the making of the paper; thus obviating the separate and costly
process of coating or enamelling the paper after it is made.
A tank containing the coating solution, is placed about the middle of the paper-
making machine, between the drying rolls.
When the paper in the continuous state reaches this point, it is intercepted on
the drying cylinders, and passed through the tank, then between a pair of
adjustors, or regulators, and next, through a pair of rolls; after this, the paper
goes forward, on the drying cylinders, and along the machine in the ordinary
course.
Dated this 19th day of October 1895
GEORGE WILLIAM ADOLPHUS FITZGEORGE.
HAWTHORN J. BROWN.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Coated or Enameled faper.
We, GEORGE WILLIAM ADOLPHUS FITZGEORGE, retired Colonel in Her
Majesty's Army, of 10, Chester Terrace, Regent's Park, in the County of
London, and HAWTHORN JAMES BROWN, Papermaker, of South Darenth, in the
County of Kent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
mander the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to the manufacture of coated or enamelled paper, and
consists in a process whereby paper can be conted or enamelled on both sides
simultaneously with the making of the paper, thus obviating the separate and
costly process of coating or enamelling the paper after it is made, as hitherto
practised.
4
According to our invention a tank containing the coating solution is placed
about the middle of the paper-naking machine, between the drying rolls or
cylinders.
When the paper in the continuous state reaches this point it is intercepted on
the drying cylinders and passed through the tank, then between a pair of
adjustors or regulators, and next through a pair of squeezing rolls; after this
the paper goes forward on the drying cylinders, and along the machine in the
ordinary course.
In more fully describing our invention we will refer to the annexed drawing
which represents in side elevation the middle part of the drying end of a paper-
making machine having our invention applied thereto. In these machines the
drying cylinders are usually closely grouped, and the continuous web of paper

page_text: passes under and over same to the smoothers, callenders, and other finishing
appliances.
In adapting our invention to a amachine we space apart certain of its drying
cylinders, preferably about the mid-length of the group, so as to have about an
equal number at either side of a space sufficiently long to admit of the introduction
of our apparatus.
D represents the last drying cylinder of one part of the set, and D' the first of
the other part of the set, all being mounted in the usual manner on the frame F.
T is the tank containing the coating solution fixed to the frame F. W is the
continuous web of paper passing from D to D' over and under leading rolls LL
through the conting solution in the tank T. The solution may be of any usual or
preferred composition such as "blane fixe (sulphate of barium)," china clay,
calcium sulphate, or mixtures thereof with appropriate "fixing," and its preferred
specific gravity is from 1.100 to 1.250 according to circumstances.
After passing through the coating solution in the tank T the web passes first
between upper and lower adjustors or regulators A A', and then through the pair
of adjustable pressure squeezing rolls RR. In cases in which owing to the
thickness or stickiness of the conting there would be a risk of its adhering to the
succeeding drying cylinder, the paper is passed over open drums B B B before
passing on to the next drying cylinder D.
The use of the adjustors and squeezing rolls is an essential feature in our
invention, as by the aid of these appliances the conting is adjusted to the required
thickness and rendered perfectly even and regular all over the surfaces.
The ndjustors A A' extend transversely ncross the full width of the web, and
are pivotted to or work in bearings a a' on the tank T, and the pressure best suited
for removing superfluous coating is adjusted by suitably disposed set screws such
as a, or equivalently by springs or levers and weights or the like. The nose
part of each adjustor in contact with the weh W is preferably made of hard
sinooth wood appropriately shaped and carried in a brass or metal frame; or they
may be wholly of wood.
It is advantageous to use with the upper adjustor Aa transverse apron or
scraper disposed as at a' made of stout mole-skin, sheet rubber, or the like to assist
in keeping back superfluous coating on the upper side. The squeezing rolls R R
are covered with felt or other soft material which impresses the conting left by
the adjustors and incorporates same with the web. They are adapted for adjustable
pressure as illustrated, or otherwise suitably.
The open-work druins shown at B are ordinary sparred drums allowing of free
contact of air with the web. The paper web thus thoroughly coated on both
sides proceeds through the rest of the drying rolls beyond D' and is smoothed,
callendered, and reeled in the usual manner.
By the above described process of manufacture the following advantages accrue.
The paper is made, coated or enamelled, and dried at one and the same time, and
thereby great economy in time and labour is effected, since coating or enamelling
of each side and drying, hitherto performed at separate times and on separate
machines subsequently to the manufacture, are saved. Also the paper is evenly
coated and takes a high finish, and is well adapted for high class illustrations and
so forth. Further, paper made according to our improved process being only
subjected to one drying operation is stronger and better adapted for binding and
so forth, since the strength of its fibres is better maintained. It is obvious that
by keeping the level of the solution in the tank at the same level as the web one
side only of the paper can be coated, and this is useful where duplex colour is
required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. The process for producing coated or enamelled paper conducted substantially

page_text: as herein before described in connection with the drying end of a paper-making-
machine.
2. In combination with the ordinary process of paper-making, the process of
coating or enamelling paper which consists in passing the continuous web during
the drying process through a tank containing a coating solution of specific gravity
such as above specified, then between adjustors or regulators, next through a pair
of squeezing rolls, and thence through drying rolls, with or without the inter--
position of open drums, substantially as herein described.
3. In combination with the drying end of a paper-making machine, the use of
apparatus arranged and operating substantially as herein before described for the
purpose of coating or enamelling the paper.
4. In apparatus for producing coated or enamelled paper, the combination of
the tank, the adjustors, the squeezing rolls, and the drying drums, arranged and
operating substantially as herein before described.
L1000
For the Applicants,
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent..