IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex, for
an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS." A communication from abroad
by Louis Maneng, of Carcassonne, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th July 1881.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
A communication from abroad by Louis Maneng, of Carcassonne,
PUMPS."
France.
The Invention relates to valveless pumps. The improvements consist of a
common cylinder with four openings or ports, and a piston provided with a
circular spiral groove, a crank with a handle for turning the piston, and a
screw and nut, which in combination with the before mentioned groove give
the revolving piston a to and fro motion. For larger pumps I use, instead
of the circular groove, a fly-wheel with eccentric for producing the to and fro
motion of the piston. The pump acts in the following manner :-By turning
the crank to the right the rectangular grooves of the piston lay the ports of the
cylinder open, and by two openings or ports liquid is sucked in while it is in the
course of the revolution of the piston ejected by the other two openings intended
for the purpose.
The spiral groove and the screw fitted into it produce a
continuous to and fro motion of the piston. For pumping beer, wine, and spirits,
a metal piston may be used, but for water a cap piston is necessary, which must be
placed inversely and connected by means of the shaft. By turning the handle
of the crank to the left the suction is changed to ejection and the ejection to
suction.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd January 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUMPS." A communication from abroad by Louis Maneng, of Carcassonne,
France.
This Invention relates to valveless pumps, and consists chiefly in- giving the
piston a peculiar shape, which in combination with suitable orifices in the cylinder
effects alternate suction and discharge. This improved system may be applied to
pumps of any size and for various purposes, as for instance, in yards, gardens,
kitchens, cellars, &c.
In the accompanying Drawings, which illustrate this Invention, Fig. 1 shows a
hollow copper cylinder A provided with four ports E and a piston B of the same
metal, the latter being provided with a helical groove F and recesses X. A screw C
projects with its lower end into this groove F where it carries a friction roller D,
the helical groove in combination with this screw serving to produce the to and
fro motion of the piston B.
The metallic piston is only intended for pumping wine, beer, and spirits.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of cylinder A, and Fig. 3 a vertical section of the
same; Fig. 4, O is a calotte or cap piston of leather or india rubber, and P one of
brass, the latter being introduced into the leather calotte for preventing it being
crushed by the suction.
These calottes are employed in lieu of metal pistons in pumps for drawing
water.
Two leather or rubber and two brass calottes are requisite for this purpose,
which are arranged inversely in the shape of piston B and secured together by the
rod and a nut; Fig. 5 shows the screw C and friction roller D; Figs. 6 and 7
represent the piston B in different positions; Fig. 8 represents a modification of
Fig. 1, consisting-in-the-application-of-a-little-eccentric_wheel_L_and_two_steel,
rollers M, which turn according as the wheel bears against one or the other of
them. This arrangement replaces the helical groove of the piston, which is not
applicable to large pumps. N is a support for this device whose form may be
changed at will as required. Fig. 9 shows a bolt I, nut J, and washer K, as used
in combination with covers H for closing the cylinder A; Figs. 10 and 11 are
modifications of the Invention especially intended for large pumps and provided
with a fly wheel, while Fig. 12 represents an air vessel to be used for large
pumps.
This improved system of pumps works as follows:-A crank G is turned from
right to left and imparts rotary motion to the piston B, while at the same time
the screw C and helical groove F impart a to and fro motion to the piston.
In moving from the right to the left (Fig. 1) the right hand recess X of the
piston lays open one of the four orifices E through which liquid is drawn in until
the piston has arrived at the bottom of the cylinder, thereby making half a
revolution. In continuing its rotary motion the piston moves back to its original
position, thereby shutting the right hand suction port through which liquid has
been drawn in and laying open the opposite or outlet port, thereby allowing the
liquid to escape through the latter. While this suction and discharge takes place
in front of the piston a similar action takes place behind it. The four internal
ports are connected in pairs with two external ports AB and R, as shown in
Fig. 2.

page_text: By turning the crank in the opposite direction the pump is made to act in the
contrary sense without requiring any change in the construction, that is to say,
suction is converted into delivery and delivery into suction. For some purposes
this reversibility is a real advantage not obtained with ordinary pumps.
CLAIMS.
1. In valveless pumps the construction and shape of the piston, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 6,
7, and 10.
2. In valveless pumps the combination of a rotary piston with an external
guide, such as illustrated by Figs. 8 and 10.
3. In valveless pumps the combination of a rotary piston B, Figs. 1 and 3, with
cylinder ports E, E, R, BB, Fig. 2, and guide C, D, Fig. 1.
4. In valveless pumps the construction of the cylinder covers, Figs. 8 and 9,
the whole substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty third day of January, A.D. 1882.
HJ HADDAN
frel
J HADDAN
(TS)