matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED PEELING MACHINE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Heinrich Joachim Gehlsen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1882. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Heinrich Baaser and Fridrich Schulte of Kalk in
the German Empire.
HEINRICH JOACHIM GEHLSEN of 171 Queen Victoria Street in the City of
London AN IMPROVED PEELING MACHINE [Communicated to him from abroad
by Heinrich Baaser and Fridrich Schulte of Kalk in the German Empire.]
well.
This machine is constructed to peel potatoes and other like objects speedily and
The machine is mounted on a frame in which are the bearings of the shafts.
On the central shaft are a series of stars with three arms on the ends of which the
peelers are hinged. These peelers are made of steel of a suitably curved shape and
roughened or formed like files on their outer ends. Worm springs are arranged to
bear against each pecler and alter its position as required during the revolution of
the shaft. These worm springs are secured by an eye, and an adjusting screw is
fitted to screw them to the necessary tension. A rake is fitted to take the potatoes
up and shew them their way through the machine, and the teeth of this rake
allow the peelers to pass through as they revolve. Above the rake or at one side
thereof is fitted a fluted roller, which has wound round it a volute screw or screws.
The roller and the screw or screws are separate from each other and revolve
independently. They are connected by suitable gearing with the central shaft, so
that when power is applied and the central shaft with the peelers revolved, the
other parts of the machine are also revolved with it. A perch is erected over the
roller and transport screw to prevent the escape of the potatoes during the peeling.
A tube is fitted in the upper part of the machine with small holes in its underside
through which water can play on the potatoes while they are being peeled. The
whole machine is enclosed in a suitable casing from the bottom of which the
scrapings and the water will be removed in any suitable manner. The potatoes
are fed to the upper part of one end of the casing where they are caught by the
rake and guided on to the roller and transport screw by which they are presented
to the peelers to be peeled, and when finished they will be discharged at the other
end of the casing.
MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE POSITION OF STEAM AND WATER AT ONE TIME IN STEAM BOILERS AND FOR GIVING ALARMS IN SEVERAL PLACES AT ANY REQUIRED DISTANCE OR SPOT
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Hughes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1882.
* IMPROVED
THOMAS HUGHES of N° 203 Strand in the County of Middlesex
MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR INDICATING THE POSITION OF STEAM AND WATER
AT ONE TIME
IN STEAM BOILERS AND FOR GIVING ALARMS IN SEVERAL PLACES
AT ANY REQUIRED DISTANCE OR SPOT
"
My invention consists in the employment of a galvanic battery or any other
generator of electricity the wires of which are made to commumicate with a tube
to which are fitted suitable screws or other fittings to conduct the electricity
which tube is fitted in the ordinary manner to the crown of the boiler. I employ
a metal rod of the requisite length on the lower end of which is fixed a hollow
box or ball of metal of sufficient flotation power to hold the said rod in an upright
position and so that the upper end is always the same distance from the surface
of the water. At the proper distance on the upper part of the said rod I affix
collars or washers so adjusted that when the lower washer or collar comes in
contact by the falling of the rod with the lower screws the electric current is
completed and by that means a bell or series of bells are rung and a suitable
indicator is made to show the word low on the dial. These Indicators may be
fixed in several different places and at any reasonable distance from the boiler
thereby showing the people that the water in the Boiler is getting too low-On the
other hand the upper collar or washer will when the water in the boiler is too high
come in contact with the two upper screws in the Tube and by completing the
circuit have the same effect as the lower one and causes the alarm to be given and
the same Indicator to register the words too high I the case of the steam
Indicator I simply transmit the current from the one indicator working on the
Boiler to one or more similiar Indicators where they may be thought necessary in
the same or a similiar manner as that now in use for working the regulating cocks
but upon the Steam falling too low or rising to too great a pressure a contact piece
is fitted which completing the Electrical Circuit rings a bell thereby giving an
alarm. By these means a captain of a ship or the officer of the watch would always
know the pressure the Engines were working at and also would know when the
water in the boilers was either too high or too low. Of course the same would
apply to the Manager or Foreman of works or the Engineer in charge of extensive
works.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER DRAUGHT ANIMALS AND IN THE MODE OF ATTACHING OR SECURING THE SAME
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Camp of Lowestoft in the County of Suffolk,
Dairyman for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHOES FOR HORSES AND
OTHER DRAUGHT ANIMALS AND IN THE MODE OF ATTACHING OR SECURING
THE SAME."
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Camp at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1882.
JOSEPH CAMP of Lowestoft in the County of Suffolk, Dairyman, " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHOES FOR HORSES AND OTHER DRAUGHT ANIMALS AND IN THE
MODE OF ATTACHING OR SECURING THE SAME."
This Invention has for its object the avoiding the risk of pricking and injuring
horses when shoeing and affording facility for the ready attachment and removal
of the shoes without the necessity for the services of a farrier.
According to my Invention I make a horse shoe in two parts hinged or jointed
together at or near the fore part or toe so as to admit of the two halves being more
or less opened or closed in the rear to accomodate different sizes of hoofs. Round
the exterior of the shoe at any convenient intervals I forge or attach in any
suitable manner any desired number of lugs or clips which are more or less bent
inwards so as to fit against the exterior surface of the side and front of the hoof
and thereby maintain the shoe in position without the use of nails. The heel
portions of the two hinged halves are connected by means of a transverse screw
bolt or spindle passing at each end through each half of the shoe in such a manner
that the two halves may be caused by means of an adjusting nut to be brought to
the desired distance apart to fit the hoof whilst at the same time provision is made
for the free expansion of the hoof without allowing of the displacement of the shoe.
If desired a pad or packing of india rubber leather or other suitable material may
be interposed between the several lugs or clips and the hoof and one or more of
such lugs or clips may be provided with a small tightening screw.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF DINNER AND OTHER TABLE PLATES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Plant and Joseph
Plant at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April
1882.
WILLIAM EDWARD PLANT of Moseley in the County of Worcester, Corn Merchant,
and JOSEPH PLANT of the same place, Hardware Merchant "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF DINNER AND OTHER TABLE PLATES"
This invention consists in forming in the rims of dinner and other plates for uso
at table wells or sinkings for the reception of salt, mustard and other condiments or
sugar so as to prevent them mixing with each other or running into the body of
the plate. These sinkings may be hemispherical, oval or in any pattern, or a
continuous trough may be formed in the rim of the plate so as to admit of the plate,
when of pottery, being turned upon the wheel. When separate or detached wells
are formed they may be pressed into the clay whilst in a plastic state, and may be
arranged, if desired, to form a continuous ornament round the rim.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR DOOR FASTENINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Garon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1882.
FREDERICK GARON, of Southend in the County of Essex, Ironmonger,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS OR DOOR FASTENINGS"
One object of my invention is to securely fix a door knob in a simple manner
without the use of a screwed spindle, a screw collar, a screwed rose, tap screws, or
other parts liable to get out of order.
For this purpose I provide the spindle end, which is made to fit into the hollow
neck of the handle, with transversely arranged recesses and projections or teeth, or
with serrations, and in the wall of the hollow neck of the handle I form a slot or
recess to receive a corresponding block or locking device that is formed with
projections which take into recesses on the spindle. In conjunction with these
parts I use a rose or plate formed with a slot through which the block or locking
device can be passed into the slot of the handle neck. The parts are put together
as follows:-The spindle having been passed through the lock and door, the handle
with the slotted rose upon it is passed on to the spindle until the rose comes
against the door. The slot in the rose being opposite the slot in the handle neck,
the block or locking device is inserted so that its projections enter recesses in the
spindle, then the rose is turned half round, a solid portion of it thus covering the
block or locking device, and holding it in position. Whilst in this position the
rose is secured to the door by small pins or other convenient means upon which,
however, no strain will come. By the arrangement described the spindle may be
rotated through ninety degrees in either direction without bringing the block or
locking device opposite the rose slot.
In order to produce. a reversible lock, that is to say, for example, a lock that
may be used indifferently as a right hand lock or as a left hand lock, I construct
it with a bolt two opposite edges of which I make alike so that the key may act
upon either of these edges, and I provide each of its two opposite sides with
projections for the arm finger or lever operated by the spindle to act against.
Thus the bolt may be readily placed in the lock with the bevil at its end either to
serve for right hand or for left hand as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER- WHEELS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1882. A communication
from abroad by Etienne Charles Masson, of Lenclos Constenot, France.
"
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER-
WHEELS," A communication from abroad by Etienne Charles Masson, of Lenclos
Constenot, France.
This invention relates more particularly to breast wheels, but is also applicable
to overshot water-wheels and similar water motors. It consists first in fixing the
spokes or arms around a bexagonal hub, so that every spoke is parallel to one side
of the hexagon and bolted to the latter, the six spokes around a hub forming
together two triangles. Also in providing ventilation for the buckets by placing
Dear the inner circumference of the wheel valves, one on every blade, which valves
open only towards the inside of the bucket, so as to prevent the formation of a
vacuum after the bucket has reached its lowest point and begins to rise out of the
water. I prefer to use two wheels, one of which acts as a reserve wheel and is
coupled to the first, if the water available exceeds the normal quantity. For the
purpose of reducing friction the weight of the wheel is not carried by the bearings
of the main axle, but by two pairs of friction rollers, one pair at each end of the
shaft, the bearings of the main axle serving only as lateral guides and as a
precaution in case of accident.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AMMONIA FROM FURNACE GASES, AND FROM THE BLAST OR OTHER FURNACE, AND IN THE PROCESS OR MODES AND MEANS EMPLOYED THEREIN.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Addie and James Addio at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st February 1882.
JOHN ADDIE and JAMES ADDIE, both of Glasgow, in the county of Lanark,
North Britain, Ironmasters. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AMMONIA FROM
FURNACE GASES, AND FROM THE BLAST OR OTHER FURNACE, AND IN THE PROCESS
OR MODES AND MEANS EMPLOYED THEREIN.'
"
This Invention relates to an improved means or process for obtaining ammonia
from the gases or products of combustion of smelting or blast furnaces and from
other furnaces, either while within the furnace, or in passing through special chambers
provided for the purpose.
According to our Invention the ammonia is produced by chemical combination of
the nitrogen in the furnace gases, with nascent hydrogen evolved by the decomposition
of the water vapour in the said gases, or of steam or water vapour injected into the
furnace, the combination being effected by causing the furnace gases and water
vapour to pass through or over a vessel, chamber, or furnace containing any substance
or mixture which is known to cause dissociation of the elements of water vapour.
This process of combination of the nitrogen of the furnace gases with nascent
hydrogen may be effected or carried out in many different ways and by means of
various arrangements of appliances, but we prefer to adopt one or other of the
following ways.
First. The furnace gases, (to which is added while in the furnace, or after leaving
the furnace, steam or water vapour) are led by pipes or flues to and through or over
a chamber or furnace containing coke, or other form of carbon, heated to a bright
red heat, or a temperature at which it will cause the decomposition of water
vapour, and admit of the nascent hydrogen combining with the nitrogen in the
furnace gases.
Second. The furnace gases with water vapour or steam added as aforesaid, are led
through or over a mixture of slaked lime and coke, anthracite or other form of
carbon within a vessel, chamber, or furnace wherein the mixture is heated to a
temperature sufficient to liberate the hydrogen of the slaked lime.
Third. The furnace gases containing a quantity of steam or water vapour are

page_text: passed through or over metallic iron heated to a red heat, or a temperature at which
hydrogen is produced by decomposition of the water vapour.
Fourth. We produce ammonia within the smelting or blast furnace by injecting
steam into the furnace at any point where there is heat sufficient for causing the
decomposition of the steam passing through or over the heated carbonaceous matter
or iron in the furnace.
The steam or water vapour to be decomposed for the production of the hydrogen,
may be injected in the first three cases into the chamber wherein the coke, iron or
decomposing agent is placed. The ammonia is reclaimed from the waste gases in
each case before they are allowed to escape into the atmosphere by any known
means, such as by absorption by water, or acids to form salts of ammonia.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR SHARPENING PENCILS OF SLATE PLUMBAGO OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Heinrich Friedrich Hambruch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1882.
HEINRICH FRIEDRICH HAMBRUCH of Hamburg German Empire. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINES FOR SHARPENING PENCILS OF SLATE PLUMBAGO OR SIMILAR MATERIAL."
This invention relates to improvements in pencil sharpening machines in which
the pencils whether for slates made of slate alone or of plumbago or other material
cased in wood are sharpened by means of a rotary cylinder or roller; and the
objects of the improvements are first to provide suitable material to cover the
roller therewith or to make it therefrom; secondly to construct clamping devices
for holding the pencil while being sharpened; thirdly to apply a mechanism for
pressing the pencil to the sharpening roller and fourthly to cause the equal wear
and tear of the sharpening material
The pencil to be sharpened is provided according to its shape with a clamping
device.
The pencil thus prepared is placed in a geared tube the upper end of which is
slotted at two opposite points in order to receive the projections of the clamp.
The lower end of the pencil is pressed by means of a spring to the sharpening roller
covered with emery, flint glass or any suitablo material or made of a composition
of such materials. The sharpening roller may be rotated by means of a hand
crank; this rotation is transferred to the geared tube by means of a series of
geared wheels or by any other mechanism which will cause the same effect. The
shaft to which the sharpening roller is fixed, is provided at that part where
it bears the first motor wheel, with a long key-way corresponding with a
suitable key in the motor wheel, and carries the motion of the cutting or grinding
wheel by suitable gearing to the gear rotating the pencil holder.
The pencil revolving during the rotation of the sharpening roller around its axis,
is sharpened by the rough surface of the roller against which it is pressed by
means of a spring. According to the progress of the sharpening the pencil slides
downwards partly by its own weight partly effected by the direction of the
rotation of the sharpening roller inside the guiding tube on the rotation of which
it partakes in consequence of the clamp guiding it with its projections in the
vertical slits of the said geared tube.
IN INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LIGHT LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Magnus Volk at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd June 1882.
MAGNUS VOLK of Brighton, in the county of Sussex, Electrician
MENTS IN INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LIGHT LAMPS
"
"IMPROVE-
This Invention relates to the construction and application to what are generally
called incandescent lamp holders of a switch mechanism for controlling the lamp.
A suitable arrangement for carrying out the Invention is the following.
I take an ordinary incandescent lamp holder having the usual connections and
to one of the terminals thereof I attach a spring; through the body of the holder
I pass a metal stem provided with an insulated knob or button the said stem
passing through a metal clip attached to one of the connections of the lamp.
By this arrangement the current instead of passing direct from the terminal to
the lamp connection must pass through the herein before described switch mechanism,
and when the said knob or button is in a certain position the spring presses against
the insulated button, and no current can pass to the lamp, but if the knob or
button be turned a quarter of a revolution the stem is brought into metallic
communication with the hereinbefore described spring and tho current will then
pass to the lamp.
This switch mechanism thus allows of each lamp being independently controlled,
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOADING AND UNLOADING CARTS, WAGGONS, AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Wheeler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1882.
FREDERICK WHEELER of East Cowes, Isle of Wight, "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOADING
AND UNLOADING CARTS, WAGGONS, AND OTHER VEHICLES "
This Invention is an automatic apparatus for fixing to agricultural carts or
waggons, so that by being drawn along over cut grass, clover, barley, etc, the waggon
or cart loads itself with the hay etc, clearing the ground as it travels.
The same apparatus (by reversing its motion) acts as an ordinary hay and straw
elevator, unloading the cart or waggon and stacking its contents.
In carrying out my Invention, I proceed mainly as follows:-The elevator or
loader is pivotted to the lever or support at a certain point, the lever itself being
pivotted to cart, and said lever can be raised by a chain working round a winch.
The elevator has rollers with teeth driving an endless chain passing over them.-
This chain is fitted with spikes which convey the hay etc (which is raked up by
the forward motion of the cart by a rake) to the point where it is thrown into the
cart or vehicle. The bottom roller is revolved by an endless chain passing over a
wheel, which is rotated by teeth on inner side of cart wheel or by a toothed wheel
revolving with cart wheel which can be thrown in and out of gear. When required
to unload cart or vehicle and stack the contents the elevator is raised by the
winch to suitable position and the cart being slightly propped from the ground the
Horse gear generally used to work elevators can be fixed to the cart wheel itself or
to the smaller wheel before described a hopper can be then hooked on, into which
the contents of cart or vehicle will be fed.-The elevator will be of very light
construction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ILLUMINATION OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES BY ELECTRIC OR OTHER LIGHTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marshall Arthur Wier at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1882.
MARSHALL ARTHUR WIER of Gracechurch Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ILLUMINATION OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES BY
ELECTRIC OR OTHER LIGHTS
My invention relates to a method of distributing throughout a train of railway
carriages the illuminating power derived from lamps at the extremity or extremities
of the train.
These lamps, which may be electric, oxyhydrogen, or of other suitably powerful
description, are fitted with reflectors and lenses to direct the rays of light derived
therefrom along the train.
The distribution of these rays of light I effect by means of reflectors and
prismatic refractors fixed to the sides and roof of each compartment, so as to
intercept and divert them thereinto.
NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING SHAFTS OR BARS OF METAL AND WHICH MAY BE USED FOR OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cook at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1882.
WILLIAM COOK of Glasgow in the County of Lanark North Britain Tool
Manufacturer NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING SHAFTS OR BARS OF
METAL AND WHICH MAY BE USED FOR OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
This Invention which relates to new or improved apparatus for cutting shafts
or bars of metal is also specially adapted for cutting off the ends of such objects
as boiler stays, studs, or bolts, after the same have been fixed and tightened in
position. The said apparatus is also applicable for other analogous purposes.
Under the first head the Invention consists of a ring which is fixed by set
screws or by an equivalent gripping arrangement on to the shaft, bar, bolt, stud,
or nut, from which a part is to be cut off.-Upon the aforesaid ring another and
larger ring is mounted so that it may be rotated thereon.-In this ring a cutter is
fitted by passing in through one side thereof, the said cutter being provided with
a screw, wedge, or spring, for forcing it inwards or drawing it outwards.-The
apparatus is further provided with handles for rotating it round the shaft, bar, rod,
or other object, which it is used to cut. In the act of cutting the cutter itself is
gradually forced inwards by the screw, wedge, or spring, until severance of the
object being cut is effected.
Under the second head the Invention consists of a segmental saw cutter mounted
on the short end of a lever and at right angles to the length thereof.-This lever
is mounted on a stud carried by a bracket which when in use may be attached to
the object requiring to be cut or to a fixture in the neighbourhood of that object.—
The stud on which the lever and saw are carried is fitted with a screw and hand
wheel for drawing the saw to and from the object to be cut and for pressing it
against the same during the cutting action.-When the saw is adjusted to the
required position it is operated backwards and forwards by a workman acting
upon the long end of the fever.
Under the third head the Invention consists of a bracket attached by set screws
to the object to be cut.-On this bracket a lever is mounted which carries a short
straight saw attached by an adjustable pin to that part of the lever near the said
bracket. A powerful spring is also attached to the lever and this pressing upon

page_text: the back of the saw forces its cutting teeth against or into the object to be cut, the
said apparatus may be fitted so as to be rotated or reciprocated as desired.
With reference to the first head of the Invention the apparatus described there-
under may also be fitted with a radial shaft driving a tangent screw gearing into
a worm wheel on the rotating part thereof, in which case the said apparatus may
be actuated by mechanical power in place of by hand.
With regard to the second and third heads the said apparatus described
thereunder may also be actuated by mechanical power instead of by hand.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE SHOES AND THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Sykes and Herbert John
Sykes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th December
1882.
WILLIAM SYKES of Boxmoor in the County of Hertford and HERBERT JOHN
SYKES of the City and County of Lincoln Mechanical Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HORSE SHOES AND THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
"
The object of this Invention is the construction of shoes for horses and other
hoofed animals as hereafter described whereby a more secure foothold or grip is
obtained than heretofore.
We provide on the surface of the shoe proper a convenient number of projections
or teeth which may cross the shoe transversely or diagonally and the said pro-
jections may be parallel with each other or not and there may two rows of
teeth arranged alternately and they may interpose each other.
It is advantageous that these lugs or projections should form part of the shoe
proper and when made in wrought iron this may be effected by the stamping
process. To ensure the sound formation of the projections when thus stamped or
formed between dies we propose to place the die that forms the projecting parts
uppermost.
They may be made in wrought or cast steel and another modification of our
Invention is the employment of malleable iron which is comparatively cheap and
durable. In this metal the shoes are moulded in sand or in series in plaster of
Paris or other material used in foundries where a great number of a special article
is required. After being cast the shoes are placed and covered in suitable boxes
and subjected to the heat of the annealing furnace. After which process they can
be readily bent on an anvil or on suitable blocks by cramps or otherwise to suit
the shape of the hoof of the animal to be shod.
The shoe is provided in all cases with one or more grooves or recesses con-
taining the holes for the nails and these do not interfere with the projections on
the shoe.
These projections may in shape be angular on one side and vertical or nearly
so on the other and may in some cases have a flat on the top to ensure a good
wearing and gripping surface.

page_text: In manufacture and when made in malleable cast iron these projections may
have pieces of steel or other suitable metal cast in them for greater durability
such pieces which are cast in may extend from back to face or may terminate in
the metal and to ensure their fixture and rigidity we propose that such pieces
should be notched or shaped so that they may be secured by the surrounding
metal.
One or more of these pieces may be in the fore part of the shoe or may be on
one or either side as may be found advantageous.
Shoes as hereinbefore described whether cast or stamped may be case hardened
by leather or prussiate of potash or other well known means to produce a hard
surface.
IMPROVED TREATMENT OR PREPARATION OF CLARET FOR COM- BINATION WITH LEMONADE OR LIKE AERATED LIQUIDS OR WITH LIME JUICE OR OTHER ESSENCE FOR NON-AERATED LIQUIDS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Prosser at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1882.
JOHN PROSSER of "The Cedars" Portland Avenue Upper Clapton in the county
of Middlesex IMPROVED TREATMENT OR PREPARATION OF CLARET FOR COM-
BINATION WITH LEMONADE OR LIKE AERATED LIQUIDS OR WITH LIME JUICE OR
OTHER ESSENCE FOR NON-AERATED LIQUIDS
For the purposes of my invention I take the wine known as Claret produced at
the vintages of Pauillac and of Leoville in the neighbourhood of Bordeaux and
filter it through cases containing charcoal to remove the flock or sediment held in
suspension. I then blend it with ordinary syrup and sugar and again filter it
through charcoal to render the liquid bright and brilliant and slightly transparent
to the eye. This clarified liquid is then put into ordinary lemonade, soda-water
or like bottles in certain quantities and filled up in an aerated machine and corked
and otherwise prepared to be sold in a similar manner as ordinary aerated liquids
the claret and leinonade or claret and soda water being combined in the same
bottle and ready for sale as one liquid instead of as two liquids separately drawn
as is now done
The claret treated or prepared as above described can be mixed with lime juice
or other like essences and bottled as a non-aerated liquid
f
IMPROVEMENTS IN BAKERS' OVENS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1882. A communica-
tion to him from abroad by Claude Marie Valfort, of Macon, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BAKERS' OVENS," a communication to me from abroad by Claude Marie Valfort, of
Macon, France,
This invention has for its object to heat bakers' ovens economically and conve-
niently with coal or other fuel.
For this purpose I provide the top or vault of the baking space with an inlet for
the heating gases, situated near the mouth of the oven, and with several outlets
distributed over its circumference, each outlet having a valve or register and
leading into a flue which communicates with a chimney (one chimney for the
different outlets). If coal is used as fuel, the furnace is placed in the front part of
the oven, on the side opposite the chimney, and the gases of combustion enter the
baking space from the top after having passed a valve or register and a grate.
This valve and each of the outlet valves is controlled separately by hand from the
front of the oven, and an auxiliary flue and valve is provided for conducting the
gases of conibustion direct into the chimney, when required, instead of causing
them to pass through the baking chamber. The outlet channels project from the
vault downward, and each flue can be opened or closed separately so as to divert
the hot gases to the desired place. If the oven is heated with wood, the furnace is
set out of action, the inlet valve closed and the fuel introduced into the baking
space.
MENTS IN BRACES FOR SUPPORTING TROUSERS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF APPAREL "IMPROVE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Hovenden at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1882.
FREDERICK HOVENDEN of West Dulwich in the County of Surrey
MENTS IN BRACES FOR SUPPORTING TROUSERS AND OTHER ARTICLES OF APPAREL
"IMPROVE-
دو
My invention relates to braces such as are used for supporting trousers and other
articles of apparel. These I make in such a manner that instead of their being
merely passed over the shoulders from back to front in the ordinary way, they are
passed as I will now describe. The one brace secured to a hinder button, say on
the right side, is passed across the back, under the left arm-pit, over the left
shoulder, again across the back, and under the right arm-pit to the right hand
button or buttons in front; and similarly the brace secured to buttons on the left
side is made to take its bearing on the right shoulder. By this arrangement, the
weight of the pair of trousers or other garments supported by the braces, instead
of tending to draw forward the shoulders as when braces are worn in the usual
way tends to draw back the shoulders and so to open the chest, and as the braces
The two
adjust themselves to the strain they give great comfort to the wearer.
braces employed as described may be separate, I prefer however to combine them
into one by providing at the back a ring having attached to it two short straps to
engage on the hind buttons and two long straps which after passing round the
shoulders as described are brought respectively to engage on the front buttons.
Obviously braces arranged as I have described are applicable with equal advantage
to support articles of female apparel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING BRACES, DRILLING MACHINES AND SUCH LIKE TOOLS APPLICABLE ALSO IN PART FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Rettie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th August 1882.
JAMES RETTIE of Kirby Street, Hatton Garden in the County of Middlesex
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRILLING BRACES, DRILLING MACHINES AND SUCH
LIKE TOOLS APPLICABLE ALSO IN PART FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This invention relates to improvements in drilling braces, drilling machines and
such like tools applicable also in part for other purposes.
According to my invention by a simple but effective combination of gearing, the
drill with its socket is driven at a different speed to that part of the tool to which
the driving power is applied and which is in the same line of direction with it,
thus a great desideratum, especially in relation to hand drills, is readily and effec-
tively obtained vizt a greatly increased speed of the drill without any acceleration
of the speed of the hand.
The part of the tool to which the driving power & motion is first applied
passes and works through a level wheel which is attached to frame work held
stationary whilst the drill is in operation. This end of the driving spindle is pro-
vided with a cross-head crrying two other bevel wheels gearing into the said fixed
wheel and these also gear into another bevel wheel attached to the drill spindle and
working in suitable bearings. When motion is given to the driving spindle, the
two intermediate bevel wheels are carried round with it and drive the opposite
bevel wheel on the drill spindle. As bowever they gear into the fixed bevel wheel
they also turn on their own axes and so also impart this additional motion to the
driven wheel. From this it will be seen that if all four wheels are of the same
size (in which case they would be crown wheels) the speed of the driven wheel and
of the drill will be double that of the driving wheel but by varing the relative size
of the wheels this relation of speeds may be varied at will.
This form of gear is particularly applicable for variations of speed in a direct
line and may be either tooth or frictional gear. It may be applied to bicycles,
tricycles and various other purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LITHOGRAPHIC PRESSES OR MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Baker Hayward at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th November 1882.
RICHARD BAKER HAYWARD, of Addle Street, in the City of London,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LITHOGRAPHIC PRESSES OR MACHINES,"
"
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of lithographic presses
or machines by means of which such apparatus are simplified and rendered less
complicated than similar machines or presses as ordinarily constructed.
This invention consists in substituting a stone roller or a stone of a cylindrical
form for the flat stone at present employed in lithographic presses or machines.
The matter to be printed may be drawn on the stone or may be transferred thereto
in any suitable manner. A continuous revolving action is transmitted to the said
stone roller which admits of the use of a roll of paper or other material for the
reception of the designs such paper or other material passing through suitable guide
rollers to the under surface of the said stone roller, against which it is brought to
bear by a pressure roller, as will be well understood. When a roll of paper or
other material is employed, as lastly referred to, I, in some cases arrange a blade
beneath the same, such blade being raised at regular intervals by a cam or cams
formed on the periphery or peripheries of one or more wheels or rollers so that
when the cutting edge of the said blade is brought into contact with the paper or
other material by the action of the said cam or cams it will divide the same
regularly into pieces of certain length. It will be readily understood that the size
of the said wheel or roller or wheels or rollers is so regulated or arranged that the
blade shall be raised to cut the paper or other material into the regular lengths
required. Mechanism of any suitable construction for inking and damping the
stone may be employed, as will be well understood.
Zinc or other metal places are, in some cases, employed in lieu of the said stone
roller and the said plates are arranged in a cylindrical manner upon a suitable
frame or roller.
In some cases, where it is desired to print on both surfaces of the material, the
before mentioned pressure roller is dispensed with and a roller of stone or of zinc
or other metal plates, of the nature hereinbefore referred to, and provided with the
devices it is desired to give to the under surface of the material, is substituted
therefor.
It will be readily understood from the preceding description that a series of
rollers for printing different colors can be employed in connection with each other.
A NEW METHOD OF ORNAMENTING THE SURFACE OF LEATHER AND THE LEATHER SURFACE SO PRODUCED
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Hermann Epstein at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1882.
JACOB HERMANN EPSTEIN of Newgate Street in the City of London
« A NEW
METHOD OF ORNAMENTING THE SURFACE OF LEATHER AND THE LEATHER SURFACE
SO PRODUCED
"
The object of this invention is to produce on the surface of leather (preferably
embossed leather) the appearance of oxidized copper or bronze for example by a
peculiar combination or blending of colours and the method of producing such
ornamented surface
According to this invention I take leather previously dyed and embossed or
grained and paint the surface thereof with a varnish composed chiefly of Shelac
Copal. Turpentine and the necessary dyeing ingredients according to the colours
required and dissolve same with spirits of wine I then remove a portion of this
varnish by rubbing same over with oil of turpentine when such varnish is only
partially dry
By the above invention a blending of the colours is produced and parts of the
surface will have the appearance of oxidized copper or bronze usually called patina.
I may employ plain instead of embossed leather as aforesaid but this would not be
quite so effective
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEDICAL TROUGH-PENS OR BOXES FOR LIVE STOCK
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Phillips Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th December 1882..
"
JOHN PHILLIPS SMITH, of Cannon St in the City of London, Engineer.
'IMPROVEMENTS IN MEDICAL TROUGH-PENS OR BOXES FOR LIVE STOCK
"
My invention relates to a novel construction of pens or boxes for live stock,
whether bird or beast; and it is designed to afford an easy and practical means of
remedial treatment, by means of foot or mouth washes, or inhalations, &c.
My improved pen consists in the first place of a bottom and four walls. The
side walls, which are just enough apart to be close to the side of the animal, but
without inconveniently pressing upon it, are of suitable beight to restrain its
movements. The end walls are, however, only a few inches in height.. The four
walls and bottom thus form a shallow trough with high side walls. All the joints
of this trough are made water tight.
To the low end walls I hinge, in the next place, flaps, to fall to the ground, to
form an incline by which the animal may enter or leave the pen, and to close
against the side walls, and thus form a complete closed pen or box, in which the
animal stands imprisoned. Alternatively, in regard to heavy stock, I may substitute
doors swinging on the sides in place of the lifting flap.
For the simple use of a foot wash the foregoing construction will be sufficient,
the wash being poured into the trough in which the animal is standing, and no
particular care being necessary as to the tightness of the joints above the trough.
It will also serve as a simple means of imprisoning beasts for the purpose of
syringing, administering remedies, et. c. the animal being easily enticed up the
incline, then boxed up by closing the flaps, and thus rendered incapable of struggles
likely to damage both itself and its attendant
Where, however, it is desired to treat by inhalation, the flaps or doors must turn
on a tight hinge, and must make a tight joint with the ends of the sides against
which they close; and further the pen must be of sufficient height to overtop the
animal, and must be fitted with a tight fitting lid, and with a thick glass spy hole
for the purposes of observation. This is the form to be adopted in regard to
feathered stock, but I may make the sides and top altogether of glass, and have the
doors to slide, and the size of the box in relation to the birds is immaterial.

page_text: It is obvious that where heavy animals are under treatment, the pen must be
made strong, and fixed to the ground by chains attached to the corners, or by other
suitable means.
Also in the case of animals unwilling to enter, I provide a pulley, remote from
the end at which they enter, round which a rope may be passed to pull on the
animal
AN IMPROVEMENT IN CLUMP SOLES FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Victor Patin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1882.
LOUIS VICTOR PATIN of Paris in the Republic of France and temporarily of
Duke Street Adelphi in the County of Middlesex AN IMPROVEMENT IN CLUMP
SOLES FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
My Invention relates to an improvement in clump soles for boots and shoes and
it has for its object to enable boots or shoes of which the ordinary leather sole has
been worn through to be resoled by the wearer himself if necessary the clump
soles of my Invention being also applicable to new boots and shoes for the purpose
of raising the leather sole off the ground and protecting the foot from wet. These
clump soles are of very low price and are especially usefully to the poor as they
may be affixed to old boots and shoes in a few moments by the wearer himself
without requiring any special tools or skill and when worn may be replaced until
the uppers are completely worn out. The clump soles of my Invention are not
only easily applied but easily removed also without in any way injuring the
leather sole and consequently they may be worn temporarily only during wet
weather and removed when no longer required. These clump soles which are
constructed of oak, elm, ash or other sufficiently tough wood are cut out of
different shapes and dimensions to suit boots and shoes of different sizes and they
are curved concavely upon the upper surface in the direction of the length and
likewise in the transverse direction and are curved convexly on the under or
wearing surface both in the longitudinal and transverse directions in order that
they shall adapt themselves accurately to the curvature of the sole of the boot or
shoe without causing undue rigidity of the leather sole, the curvature of the outer
surface of the clump permitting the natural notion of the foot in walking and
ensuring uniformity of wear of the clump. The outer surface of the clump is
wholly or partially covered with a layer of thin leather for which purpose waste
cuttings may be employed the same being cemented to the surface of the clump or
secured by the same screws which attach the clump to the boot or shoe and being
intended to deaden the sound which would otherwise be occasioned by the wood in
walking on hard surfaces. The edges of the clump may be chamfered and would
be blacked and burnished in the same way as leather soles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH GAS BURNERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph William Willmot and Theodor
Leehmann at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March
1882.
JOSEPH WILLIAM WILLMOT, of Brixton in the County of Surrey, Telegraph
Engineer, and THEODOR LEEHMANN of Camden Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Telegraph Instrument Maker, IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH GAS
BURNERS.
The objects of this Invention which relates to improvements in and connected
with gas-burners, is to construct the burner or the holder thereof or the usual bend
elbow or equivalent part adjacent thereto in such a manner as that upon the gas
flame being blown out or otherwise extinguished, or upon the Main cock being
turned off; the exit of gas shall be automatically cut off at the burner:-and thus
avoid any risk of explosion owing to any escape of gas through a stop-cock
accidentally left open or upon the main cock being again turned on.
The principle of this Invention consists in the employment of such means as
will automatically prevent any flow of the gas through the burner until the latter
or the adjacent part is somewhat heated by the means employed for igniting the
gas and as will automatically stop the flow of the gas when the flame is extinguished
either by the shutting of either of the cocks (already referred to) or by being
accidentally or purposely blown out until again required to be lit.
An advantageous modification of carrying the said Invention into practical effect
consists in the employment of the thermal action and different expansion of metals
of different natures when subjected to a rise of temperature such as by the heat
employed by lighting the gas and which heat is subsequently maintained by the
radiated head of the flame itself, and we utilize this differential action in causing a
valve to be automatically opened. Upon the gas being extinguished, and the
continuance of the heat thus withdrawn, such valve is closed by the differential
contraction of the metals.
One way of carrying this modification into practical effect is by composing a
battery of strips of metal alternately of brass and of steel soldered together in pairs
and which when heated expand unequally, the result of this is to arch or bend
them to a sufficient extent to open a valve against the resistance of its spring and
permit the gas to pass.-Upon the gas being extinguished, by any means whatever,
the compound strips contract and regain their original form and position and thus
permit the valve to be closed by its spring.