matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO COMPOUND STEAM ENGINES TO PREVENT THEIR RUNNING AWAY OR ATTAINING TOO HIGH A SPEED
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Saxon and James Saxon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th December 1883.
JOHN SAXON and JAMES SAXON of the firm of George Saxon Engineer of
Openshaw in the County of Lancaster "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO
COMPOUND STEAM ENGINES TO PREVENT THEIR RUNNING AWAY OR ATTAINING
TOO HIGH A SPEED
"
This invention relates to a novel method of preventing compound engines
running away or attaining too high a speed and consists in admitting air into the
low pressure cylinder or into the air pump or its connections with the cylinder so
as to destroy the vacuum. This is effected by an arrangement of mechanism for
opening cocks or valves communicating with such cylinder air-pump or connections
such mechanism being worked automatically by being connected to the governor
and worked either alone or in connection with the ordinary knock off motion used
for closing the steam supply.
In case of any sudden variation occuring in the load the power already contained
in the engines when the steam supply is closed can thus by means of this invention
be immediately destroyed and the engine be brought to a stand still.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING MINERAL OILS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Abraham Martin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th November 1883.
ABRAHAM MARTIN, of Old Windsor in the County of Berks, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS FOR BURNING MINERAL OILS"
My Invention relates to an improvement in lamps for burning mineral oil, and
has for its object to improve combustion and increase the whitenoss and luminous
power of the flame by affording a better supply of air within the flame or between
the flames, to carry off and consume any petroleum vapors which may be generated
within the oil reservoir and thus avoid all smell and risk of explosion; to lessen
the cost of lamps having a central air supply and to enable two flat wicks to be
employed in an annular wick tube in such manner that they conjointly form a
complete tubular wick although either may be used alone when less light is
required. Other advantages incidental to iny Invention are that the burner
gallery and chimney are not heated to so great a degree as in other round flame
lamps so that risk of explosion is lessened, the wicks are carbonised to a less extent
and the chimney may at any time be removed with the bare hand for the purpose
of trimming the wicks.
I am aware that it has before been proposed to supply air to the centre of an
annular burner but my Invention consists in the following peculiar construction
whereby the above mentioned objects are attained.
Beneath the perforated casing for the admission of air to the exterior of the
flame, I provide an independent air chamber to which air is freely admitted
through perforations in its sides and which communicate with the interior of the
inner wick tube by means of two air ducts or tubes that traverse the wick casing
and lead into the inner tube at opposite sides. The two flat wicks pass up into
the wick casing at opposite sides of these air ducts and are adjusted by separate
pinions as in a duplex lamp the wicks being of such width as to meet at the upper
part of the burner and form a complete annulus
The lower end of the inner wick tube is closed with the exception of a small
aperture for the escape of any gases that may be generated in the oil reservoir and
which are carried off by the current of air passing through said tube and consumed
in the flame. Thus all risk of explosion by the expansion of the said gases is
avoided.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OVEN FURNACES AND COPPER FURNACES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dewson Kemp at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th February 1883.
JOHN DEWSON KEMP of No: 127 Stepney Green Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN
OVEN FURNACES AND COPPER FURNACES
The outer door of the furnace is of ordinary construction, the inner door has a
deflecting plate so inclined as to throw the air on to the roof of the furnace and
the bridge is constructed at such an angle as to deflect the air and products of
combustion back towards the door Air is admitted along both sides of the furnace
by means of several apertures or slots, the floor of the oven adjoining the furnace is
protected by an inclined butting lump which has the effect of directing the heat
into the body of the oven.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander James Eli at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th October 1883.
ALEXANDER JAMES ELI, of Theobalds Road in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDES
The object of my said invention is to construct Bicycles and Tricycles in a
convenient form for folding and steering and applying the brake in an improved
manner.
I construct my improved velocipedes with two large driving wheels, and either
with or without a third wheel. The two driving wheels are fitted to an axle
which is in three lengths, and so joined together that it is capable of being folded
up, and the large wheels brought very close together, the joints being formed by
means of cones fitting into sockets. These cones can be fixed or rendered loose
by the Rider for purposes of steering and folding.
I prefer to use a skeleton frame attached to the main axle for the purpose of
carrying the seat, treadles and other necessary gear, but in some cases I dispense
with this additional frame, and attach such seat and gear directly to the axle.
The steering is effected by suitable handles which release one wheel from the
driving gear when turning a curve, and the same handles are utilized in applying
the brake to either or both wheels.
The driving gear consists of ordinary cranks and pedals worked by the feet
communicating by means of chain, band, or other gear to the driving wheels
The disconnecting and brake apparatus consists of four cones (two to each
driving wheel) which engage in conical recesses, so formed that when one or both
is or are withdrawn, it or they can be immediately caused to enter and engage
the other or opposite cone and thus the three positions and consequent effects are
quickly available, namely, driving, disconnecting, or applying the brake.
When a third wheel is fitted it is arranged as a castor wheel, in order to enable
it readily to follow the two driving wheels
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLE STOPPERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mason Gill at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th July 1883.
MASON GILL of Huddersfield in the County of York, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOTTLE STOPPERS
"
This Invention has reference to the stoppering of bottles containing beer, porter,
aerated or other liquids.
My Improvements consist in the employment of a plug or stopper composed of
wood, glass or other suitable material.
A groove is formed on the bottom of the plug, on which is placed a washer made
of India rubber or other material which is forced into the neck of the bottle for
closing it. When once the plug with the washer is inserted into the bottle neck it
will withstand great.pressure internally before being forced out, but can easily be
withdrawn by any person desiring to remove the stopper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FANS OR FANNING APPARATUS TO BE ATTACHED TO CHAIRS AND SEATS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Arthur Farquhar at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Henry P. Roberts of James Town New York United
States of America
JAMES ARTHUR FARQUHAR of Long Acre in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN FANS OR FANNING APPARATUS TO BE ATTACHED TO CHAIRS
AND SEATS [Communicated to him from abroad by Henry P. Roberts of James
Town New York United States of America]
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in fans or fanning apparatus to
be attached to chairs and seats.
The fanning apparatus is applied to or combined with a rocking chair or seat
and is actuated by the rocking movement thereof.
To the back of the rocking chair or seat a standard is attached by a clip or in
other suitable way. The standard is curved forwards and carries in a convenient
position a transverse horizontal axis to which fan vanes are attached. The axis
also has a barrel or reel upon it and on this a cord is wound.
There is also a coiled spring attached at one end to the axis and at the other end
made fast to the box or bearing in which the axis is carried.
When the cord is drawn off from the barrel or reel the axis is rotated and the
spring is wound up. Again when the cord is released the spring reacts and
turning the axis winds the cord upon the barrel or reel. During each of these
movements the fan vanes on the axis cause agitation of the air and thus creates
the fanning.
The cord is led over a guide pulley on the standard and is attached to a spring
arm fixed upon the rockers of the chair. The end of this spring arm rests
constantly upon the ground. Hence when the back of the chair rises in the
rocking movement the cord is drawn from the reel and during the return movement
the spring again winds up the cord. In this way as already explained the axis is
rotated and the fan vanes put in motion.
THE APPLICATION OF "SPRINGS TO ASSIST IN THE "DOLLYING OR "POSSING" OF CLOTHES AND FOR SOME OTHER PROCESSES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Sample at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st July 1883.
"
JAMES SAMPLE of the City and County of Newcastle upon Tyne, Clock_and
Watchmaker THE APPLICATION OF "SPRINGS TO ASSIST IN THE "DOLLYING OR
"POSSING" OF CLOTHES AND FOR SOME OTHER PROCESSES.
"
My invention relates to applying springs to assist manual power applied in the
process of "dollying" or "possing" clothes, which application may also be mado
of service in such processes as boring or drilling vertically downward.
"1
I suspend the "dolly" or " poss" stick by a cord, to an elastic spring or springs
above, in such a manner that it hangs into the tub or vessel containing the clothes
and water and when operated by hand in a downward direction it will extend or
compress the spring or springs, as the case may be, the reaction of the spring
tending to raise the "dolly" or 'poss" stick ready for the next downward blow,
thus greatly reducing the manual labour. In some cases the spring may consist of
a bar or jib of flexible wood such as lancewood or of steel or other metal fixed at
one end projecting horizontally the "dolly" or "poss" stick being suspended by a
cord from the outer or free end. The " 'dolly" or poss" stick may be weighted to
increase the blow when thought desirablo
"
As applied to boring rods or drills the mode of application is the same the bar or
drill being suspended to a spring or springs which it extends or compresses as the
case may be, in making the downward blow the reaction bringing the bar or drill
back ready for the next blow.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VOLTAIC PILES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Edwards at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1883. a communication
from abroad by August Schroeder of Stettin, in the Empire of Germany
EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co:-, Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 40, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN VOLTAIC PILES" [a communication from abroad
by August Schroeder of Stettin, in the Empire of Germany]
This invention relates to voltaic piles in which electricity is generated by means
of a series of pairs of plates of dissimilar metals separated from each other and
kept damp by a suitable excitant, and it has for its object a novel method of
constructing and arranging such voltaic piles so that a current of electricity
distributed over a wide surface may be imparted to any object simply by placing
the pile upon such object.
I make the positive and negative electrodes of plates of dissimilar metals or other
substances capable of generating electricity in the ordinary well known way.
These plates are soldered together in pairs, and may be circular or of any other
desired shape, but are preferably flat with the exception of the top and bottom
plates. The bottom plate is provided with a number, which may be varied, of pins
or projections protruding downward, and these pins or projections may be covered,
when the pile is to be used, with one or more thicknesses of flannel so that only the
lower points of the projections are visible.
Thicknesses of flannel wetted with dilute acid or other suitable excitant are also
inserted between each pair of plates in the usual way.
The top plate of the pile is provided with a flange the lower edge of which
descends to the level of the points of the projections upon the lower plate, but is of
such diameter as not to touch the edges of the plates, the space between being filled
with a non-conducting material, preferably india rubber tube.
The lower edge of the descending flange has a number of triangular notches
formed in it so as to leave a series of teeth the points of which are level with those
of the projections upon the lower plate.
The compound voltaic pile made and arranged as described is placed upon the
surface of any object through which the electricity is to pass, and a widely
distributed current is at once produced between the projections upon the lower
plate and the teeth upon the lower edge of the flange on the upper plate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LENSES FOR SIGNAL LAMPS OR LANTERNS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Rogers at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1883.
JOSEPH ROGERS of N° 16 Hanover Square in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LENSES FOR SIGNAL LAMPS OR LANTERNS
"
For signal lamps or lanterns that are required to transmit coloured light, such as
are used on railways, ships, and for other purposes, it has been customary to
construct the lenses of glass of the color required, and such color, more particularly
the green, has the detrimental effect of greatly reducing the light transmitted
through the lense. Now, according to my present invention, I obviate this defect
by constructing the lense of two plano convex lenses of ordinary white glass placed
with their plane surfaces contiguous to each other, and introducing between them
a disc of glass of the color required, thus forming a compound double convex lense,
with the coloring medium introduced in the middle thereof. By this means I
obtain a transmitted colored light of as great brilliancy as that transmitted through
the lenses of white glass, and therefore applicable for signalling at greater distances
than can be done with ordinary colored lenses. Although I prefer to seal the three
parts forming the lense together, yet, where it is required to change the color of
the light, I sometimes fix the two plano-convex lenses in position in a frame,
leaving a narrow space between them, into which the flat sheet of stained or colored
glass is slid, and from which it can be removed and changed for another color when
required.
Also, instead of making the lenses plano-convex, the one lense may be made slightly
convex and the other correspondingly concave on their contiguous surfaces, in which
case the disc of colored glass would be made with a corresponding curvature; or both
the said surfaces may be slightly concave and the colored disc flat.
I am aware that signalling lamps are commonly used on railways, having an
ordinary white glass lense, in front of or behind which discs of stained or colored
glass are raised and lowered for signalling purposes but in both these arrangements,
the stained or colored glass, not being subjected to the magnifying effect the
lenses as in my improved lense, interfere with the proper transmission of light as
much as the stained or colored lenses
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC ARC LAMPS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hamilton Weldon Pendred at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1883.
HAMILTON WELDON PENDRED of Crohill, Freshford, Kilkenny Ireland
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC ARC LAMPS.
The upper carbon holder is fitted with a rack gearing into a pinion on the axis
of a wheel the motion of which is controlled by a fly train. This train is mounted
in a frame or "cage" swung on centres concentric with that of the rack pinion
above mentioned. The fly train is fitted with a brake acting on one of the wheels.
I fit a solenoid in the lamp on the main circuit. The core of this solenoid is
attached to the before mentioned cage or swing frame. When current is not
passing through the solenoid one end of the cage drops and the brake comes in
contact with a stop by which it is thrown out of action The fly train is then free
to revolve and the upper carbon holder descends by its own weight. as soon as
the upper and lower carbons come in contact The current passes through the
solenoid and attracting the core causes the lower end of the cage to rise till the
brake wheel comes into contact with the brake. The cage continuing to swing
round the rack pinion centre will cause the pinion to make a partial revolution,
raising the upper carbon and striking the arc. When the arc becomes too long
The solenoid releases the cage which returns to its original position unlocking the
brake wheel and permitting the upper carbon holder to descend and restore the
Two solenoids may be used to control the cage, one on the main the the other on
a high resistance shunt circuit. The brake wheel before mentioned may be driven
by a spring instead of being fixed on its axle I use a detent controled by the
cage to prevent oscillations when the current is not steady, or a dash pot may be
employed for the same purpose.
arc.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF POCKET RAZORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Benjamin Ball at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th November 1883.
ARTHUR BENJAMIN BALL of 35 Bennett Street, Sheffield in the County of York,
Cutler: "IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION AND MANUFACTURE OF POCKET RAZORS"
This Invention relates to the construction and manufacture of Pocket Razors.
A Pocket Razor constructed according to this Invention is of the following
general description.
"J
The blade is by preference what is termed : "a frame back blade" consisting of a
thin sheet of steel, to the back edge of which, on one or both sides, is rivetted or
secured a strip of motal; one end of the blade has a projection of a circular form
in part, which is pierced with a hole and forms part of the joint of the razor. The
haft or "scale" of the Razor is by preference constructed of two thin metallic strips
between which is a haft back, or skeleton frame, to which the thin metallic strips
are rivetted or secured forming a cavity for the blade, the thin portion of the blade
entering the cavity and the strips or frame of the blade rosting on the edge of the
haft, when closed; the haft back and haft project at the front end so as to be level
with the back edge of the blade when it is closed. The two metallic strips, and
the back forming the "s
"scalo or "haft" correspond in thickness to the blade and
frame back, so that when the blade is closed within the haft the back of the blade,
and the sides of the haft, are flush or level with one another. The blade or part of
the blade or blade tang, when closed in the haft, presses against part of the haft
sides, or haft, which prevents the blade leaving the haft without pressure being
applied to it. The haft sides are rounded at one end to correspond with the
rounded end of the blade to form the joint, and are pierced with holes for a rivet
and the blade and haft sides are rivetted together to form a knuckle joint. As a
modification, the "back" of the blade may be solid with the blade, instead of being
rivetted thereto. As a further modification, the sides of the haft may be cased
with or covered with pearl, horn, Ivory, or other similar and suitable material as
used for the hafts and scales of cutlery. As a further modification a spring may
be inserted in the haft or a shackle be employed to secure the blade in position
when closed.
In the manufacture of the improved Pocket Razor with metallic haft, the blade,
back frame, haft sides, and haft back, are flyed out from sheets or strips of steel,
or steel and iron, or other similar motal as ordinarily used for the manufacture of
cutlery
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO CHEMICAL FIRE ENGINES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Blakely at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1883.
WILLIAM BLAKELY of Bournemouth in the County of Hants IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO CHEMICAL FIRE ENGINES.
The
My Invention relates to a portable apparatus. to be applied in connection with
chemical fire engines for facilitating the supply of water to the tank thereof.
tank is usually filled up as fast as it is emptied with water brought in buckets
from any convenient source of supply and a considerable portion is liable to be
spilled in pouring it hurriedly into the tank, besides which there is much practical
inconvenience in bringing up the water to the engine itself whilst it is at work.
To remedy this I therefore provide a portable tripod stand having rule jointed
legs so as to fold into a small compass, and fixed to and supporting a ring in which
rests a basin or bucket preferably of canvas with a wooden bottom like a ships
bucket, but provided with a flange or other means of seating and supporting it in
its supporting ring, and with an aperture at bottom connected by an indiarubber or
other flexible hose pipe with the tank of the engine and controlled by a suitable
stop valve or cock, the bucket or basin being placed at a higher level than the tank
so that the water poured in the former will flow into the latter as fast as it is
required.
In order to brace the legs of the tripod and lock them rigidly in position, I
provide a loose ring notched to engage with the legs and brace them laterally,
which ring is dropped down upon or around the legs after they are extended in
position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENTS OR APPARATUS FOR HOLDING, DAMPING AND AFFIXING POSTAGE OR OTHER LIKE STAMPS OR LABELS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Alfred South and Charles
Florent Sarpy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
5th November 1883.
WILLIAM ALFRED SOUTH, of New Bond Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Member of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, and CHARLES FLORENT
SARPY, of Peckham, in the County of Surrey, IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENTS
OR APPARATUS FOR HOLDING, DAMPING AND AFFIXING POSTAGE OR OTHER LIKE
STAMPS OR LABELS,
Our Invention relates to improvements in instruments or apparatus for holding,
damping and affixing postage or other like stamps or labels, and it has for its object
to facilitate and expedite the affixing of such stamps or labels on envelopes, packets
or other articles.
The instrument or apparatus is composed of two parts, viz. a holder or receptacle
for containing the stamps or labels, and a pad, of special construction, on which
the stamps or labels are damped, prior to affixing them on the article to which they
are destined.
This holder or receptacle may be arranged to work on a pivot mounted in a
frame or support.
The apparatus for holding and affixing the stamps or labels consists of a box or
case, open on its underside, in which a number of superposed stamps or labels are
inserted, with their gummed surface outwards.
A plate or plunger, operated by a spring and working within the box or case,
presses against the pile of stamps or labels and urges then forwards. A screw
retains this plate in position, against the stress of the spring, while the box or case
is being filled with the stamps or labels.
At the lower part of the angles, formed by the sides of the box or case, small
cross bars or pins are fixed for the purpose of preventing the remaining stamps or
labels falling out after the outer one has been damped and affixed to the envelope,
packet or other article.

page_text: A handle is provided at the top of the caso or box by means of which the
instrument or apparatus is manipulated. The handle may be a fixture, or it may
be detachable.
The improved damping pad consists of a sponge, or other suitable absorbent
material, covered with silk, and fitted in a tray, in which is a perforated false
bottom, the silk being used to prevent too much moisture passing through and
being sucked up into the box or case which would otherwise destroy the stamps, if
another fabric were used. The pad is retained in the tray by means of a frame.
AN IMPROVED EFFERVESCING DRINK
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolph Baumgarten at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1883.
ADOLPH BAUMGARTEN of No. 29 Hartham Road Holloway in the County of
Middlesex Chemist AN IMPROVED EFFERVESCING DRINK
My invention consists in a method of converting pure or undiluted milk into an
effervescing drink.
I effect this by reducing the bulk of the milk by evaporation of the aqueous
matter and by treating the residue chemically for the purpose of preserving it from
putrefaction and preventing its curdling.
I mix this prepared residue with a strongly charged carbonated or effervescing
water flavour it with various essences and bottle. In this manner I manufacture
a sparkling or effervescing drink from milk.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TROWSER SUSPENDERS, THE SAID APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE SUSPENSION OF VARIOUS OTHER GARMENTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Baptiste Fournier and Jean
Baptiste Thoully at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th
October 1883.
JEAN BAPTISTE FOURNIER, Merchant Tailor and JEAN BAPTISTE THOULLY, both
of Saint Chamond in the Republic of France IMPROVEMENTS IN TROWSER
SUSPENDERS, THE SAID APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE SUSPENSION
OF VARIOUS OTHER GARMENTS
The object of this invention is to suspend various articles of dress, such as
trowsers, coats, cloaks and so forth without folding, and so prevent creasing the
garments.
For suspending trowsers the apparatus consists of a straight hollow tube, in the
centre of which is a hook for hanging up the apparatus in any convenient situation;
on the upper surface of this tube and on each side of the central hook is cut a slit,
each of these apertures terminates at the end near the hook with a cross cut.
Inside this main tube are two smaller tubes (one on each side) which slide within
it, the upper portion of each of these small tubes at the ends next the hook are bent
up in the form of books, whilst the opposite ends terminate in half moon shaped
pieces.
Within these tubes a spiral spring is placed one end of each spring is connected
to the shaft of the central hook, whilst the other ends are attached to the crescent
shaped pieces.
The action of the apparatus is as follows: supposing it is open to its full extent,
which is effected by the springs, the hooked ends are released from the cross cuts in
the outer or main tube, and the inner tubes then are forced outwards by the springs,
and the hooked ends of the inner tubes slide the length of the slits on the upper
surface of the outer or main tube till they are checked by reaching the end
of the slits.
In suspending a pair of trowsers the suspender is placed inside the waist, and is
then opened as above described, the tendency of the springs to drive out the inner
tubes is a sufficient force to support the trowsers, which can then be hung up by
the hook where desired.

page_text: In closing the apparatus the inner tubes are pressed inside the main tube, and
when the hooked ends of these tubes have reached the cross cuts, they are turned
down in them and by this means the apparatus is kept closed.
In suspending cloaks, coats, or other garments, the outer tube is by preference
arched, and so in like manner are the inner tubes, the spiral springs being
dispensed with, and in lieu thereof thumb screws are employed for regulating the
length of the apparatus in conjunction with a graduated scale marked on the
inner tubes.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWAY
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Stiebel at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents ou the 14th August 1883.
LEOPOLD STIEBEL of Crooked Lane in the City of London
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ROADWAY"
"A NEW OR
This invention relates to the construction of roadways from powdered rock
asphalte and broken stones, and consists in spreading a layer of hot powdered
asphalte over the surface of the ground which has been previously well levelled
and rammed or rolled, or the hot powder may be spread on a concrete substratum.
On the surface of the hot powdered asphalte is or are placed a layer or layers of
broken granite or other broken stone which is then well rammed or rolled into
the bed of asphalte while the latter is still hot, other hot powdered asphalte is
then inserted into the interstices by means of brooms, sweeping machines or other
suitable means and the whole is finally beaten, or rolled, or otherwise compressed
so as to produco a smooth and even surface.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENER-BUTTONS FOR ARTICLES OF CLOTHING AND THE LIKE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Gardner Colton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Ernest Wuerfel of Brooklyn in the county of Kings
and state of New York
EDWARD GARDNER COLTON of 32 Southampton Buildings in the county of
Middlesex Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENER-BUTTONS FOR ARTICLES OF
CLOTHING AND THE LIKE" a communication to me from abroad by Ernest Wuerfel
of Brooklyn in the county of Kings and state of New York.
This invention has reference to an improved button for clothing of all kinds and
the like, which can be readily attached to the cloth, and which is reliably held in
position, without little possibility of becoming detatched, and the invention consists
of a button, the head of which is made of three parts, a face plate, an intermediate
recessed spring plate, and a bottom plate, having a tubular shank, through which
the post of the base-plate or shoe of the button is inserted, the post being engaged
by the interior ends of the recessed spring-plate below the conical head of the same.
The face-plate may be of any suitable material, shape, or finish, and is advan-
tageously attached to the bottom-plate by an overlapping flange. The bottom-plate
has a tubular shank or a short annular bulge or rim, the intermediate-plate has
radial slits or recesses so as to form two or more spring teeth.
This plate is advantageously retained by a flat depressed portion of the face-plate
bearing upon it. To attach the button to a fabric, the solid shank or post of the
base-plate is first passed through a hole pierced in the fabric, and the head attached
by inserting the top of the post, through the tubular shank or rim, and forcing the
head down, till the spring teeth spring into the annular groove, on the head of the
post, thus reliably securing the button.
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Tweedale, John Rostron
Barnes, and Robert Riley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 20th January 1883.
EDMUND TWEEDALE Manager and JOHN ROSTRON BARNES Foreman Machine
Fitter both of Accrington in the County of Lancaster and ROBERT RILEY
"IMPROVEMENTS
overlooker of Habbergham near Burnley in the County aforesaid
IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FIBRES
"
This invention relates to improved apparatus for preventing the
ends" or
threads during the process of (ring) Spinning beating or fouling each other
through the "ballooning" or expanding of the threads caused by the centrifugal
action.
We attach to the ring rails or to the end frames standards or holding studs
having screw adjustment the standards carry a wire which is stretched parallel
with the line of spindles and at such distance and position in relation to the
spindles as not to interfere with the filling or winding of complete cops or bobbins
or with the ready removal thereof when so filled
The yarn each time the traveller rotates around the rim touches the wire
thereby collapsing or in a great measure preventing the ballooning action.
In some cases in lieu of the wire a rod bar or rail may be used
AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF RECOVERING AMMONIA FROM COMBUSTIBLE GASES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Addie and James Addie at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th June 1883.
1
JOHN ADDIE, and JAMES ADDIE, both of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North-Britain, "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF RECOVERING AMMONIA FROM
COMBUSTIBLE GASES;
»
The object of this Invention is to simplify the means or process of recovering
ammonia from combustible gases, which is described in the Specification of Letters
Patent granted to the present applicants and dated 6th October 1882 (N° 4758).
The improved process, which is specially applicable for the recovery of ammonia
contained in combustible gases generated in gas-producers or similar apparatus,
consists (1) in adding a proportion of sulphur or sulphurous shale, or other
substance containing sulphur, to the coal or dross or other carbonaceous fuel
usually fed into the gas-producer, whereby sulphurous acid gas is generated in
sufficient quantity to combine with and fix the ammonia in the combustible gases
with which the acid mixes, and (2) in subjecting the gases to the action of a
scrubber, or to equivalent action, for the purpose of dissolving and recovering the
sulphite of ammonia, or other compound, which is formed by the combination of
the sulphurous acid gas with the ammonia contained in the combustible gases
A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS OF PURIFYING THE SPENT LYES FORMED DURING THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP, AND THE PRODUCTION THEREFROM OF A LIQUOR FROM ⚫ WHICH GLYCERINE CAN BE OBTAINED BY DISTILLATION
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Venables at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1883.
THOMAS VENABLES, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, Chemist, A NEW
OR IMPROVED PROCESS OF PURIFYING THE SPENT LYES FORMED DURING THE
MANUFACTURE OF SOAP, AND THE PRODUCTION THEREFROM OF A LIQUOR FROM ⚫
WHICH GLYCERINE CAN BE OBTAINED BY DISTILLATION,
My Invention relates to a new or improved process of purifying the spent lyes
formed during the manufacture of soap, and the production therefrom of a liquor
which, by evaporation, will give a concentrated solution of salts, and glycerine,
and from which the glycerine can be obtained by distillation.
According to my Invention the spent lyes as run off from the soap pans after
being filtered, or before filtration, and which contain glycerine, caustic soda,
carbonate, sulphate and chloride of soda in solution besides a large quantity of
fatty and organic matters, are neutralized by a solution of sulphate of Alumina,
alum, or any other soluble salt of Aluminia or Aluminium or by any substance
containing soluble Alumina, The caustic and carbonate of soda combining with
the acid precipitate the Alumina, the alumina combining with some of the organic
matters, and carrying off the rest purifies the spent lye.
. The liquor is then filtered and concentrated.
Instead of only neutralizing the lyes the salt of Alumina used may be added till
the liquor is acid, it can then be rendered alkaline by the addition of caustic lime
or any other alkali which may be found convenient.
The spent lyes may also be first partially neutralized by the addition of a small
quantity of hydrochloric sulphuric or any other suitable acid, the remaining free
soda will then be neutralized by the addition of sulphate of Alumina, alum or any
other soluble salt of alumina or aluminium or by any substance containing soluble
alumina which may be added either until exact neutralization, or in excess, in the
latter case the liquor will be rendered neutre or alkaline by the addition of an
alkali.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING TELEPHONIC MESSAGES, AND SIGNALLING APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Redfern at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th July 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Charles Mildé fils et Cie and CTA d'Argy of Paris
in the Republic of France and C F Lund of Copenhagen in the Kingdom of
Denmark.
GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN of the General Patent Office N° 4 South Street,
Finsbury in the county of Middlesex, Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING TELEPHONIC MESSAGES, AND SIGNALLING
APPARATUS THEREFOR [communicated to him from abroad by Charles Mildé
fils et Cie and CTA d'Argy of Paris in the Republic of France and C F Lund
of Copenhagen in the Kingdom of Denmark]
"
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for transmitting and
receiving telephonic messages and signalling apparatus therefor the object of the
improvements being to simplify the construction and reduce the cost of such
apparatus.
The improved microphone transmitter is constructed so as to be little liable to
get out of order and consists of a lozenge shaped box made of deal or pine of about
three sixteenths of an inch in thickness. In the centre is fixed a tube of india
rubber or other suitable material in which are pressed one against the other two
blocks of carbon of about one sixth of a cubic inch in volume, and between which is a
layer of coke dust or other semi-conducting dust. The box is filled up with wadding
and does not contain any induction coil.
The improved receiver consists of a circular metallic box of small size the screw
cover of which receives in its centre a horn trumpet mouthed ear piece. The magnet
is curved and is provided at its end with an iron core the interior of which receives
a bobbin, such as is commonly used in telephones. The conductors pass into an
ebony handle ending in a book which is necessary for the working of the
commutator.
The peculiar advantage of this telephone receiver results from its exterior shape
which allows of applying a powerful magnet and which at the same time facilitates
the hearing.

page_text: The improved signalling or call bell apparatus consists of a tree plate surmounted
by a copper ring forming an envelope enclosing the lower part of the mechanism
the bell completing the closing.
The hammer strikes on the outer or inner edge of the bell from below, which
allows of making the bell of small dimensions.
The mechanism is fixed on a bracket which also receives the bell carrier so that
the signalling apparatus forms a whole lessening the liability to get out of order
which is so frequent with the ordinary hammer and bell. The regulation of the
signalling apparatus is effected by a spring which is easily operated by a set screw
having a head with a projection supporting the spring. This screw being more or
less screwed in, maintains a fixed distance between the armature and the contact.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF BREAKING UP BALLS OF SLAG AND OTHER SUBSTANCES WHICH HAVE BEEN IN A MOLTEN STATE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Dalgliesh and Francis
Gascoigne Lynde at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
17th July 1883.
RICHARD DALGLIESH, Civil Engineer of Asfordby, and FRANCIS GASCOIGNE
LYNDE, Civil Engineer, of Melton Mowbray, both in the County of Leicester.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF BREAKING UP BALLS OF SLAG AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES WHICH HAVE BEEN IN A MOLTEN STATE."
The object of our Invention is to break up balls of slag and such like material
into pieces of a convenient size for handling
To effect this we run the molten slag in the usual manner into boxes or holes
from the furnace and during this operation and while the slag is still running we
introduce small pieces of limestone, thus getting the limestone into the body of
the slag.
When the slag has set it is turned out of the boxes or holes and water is poured
over it or it may be left exposed to the action of the weather. This causes the
lime (which has becoine calcined from the heat of the molten slag) to be strong
enough, in its conversion into hydrate of lime, to break up the balls of slag into
convenient sized pieces for handling.
Our Invention may be used for breaking up any other substances into which
pieces of limestone can be introduced and calcined in the manner described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHLORINE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hector Auguste Dufrené at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd June 1883. A coun-
munication from Edmond Geisenberger and "La Société Anonyme do products
Chimiques" Etablissements Malétra of Paris, aforesaid
HECTOR AUGUSTe Dufrené, of 10, Rue de la Fidélité, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CHLORINE" [a communication from Edmond Geisenberger and "La Société
Anonyme de products Chimiques" Etablissomonts Malétra of Paris, aforesaid]
The invention relates firstly to the manufacture of a metallic or alkalino
chloride by the employment of any suitable substance, such as hydrochloric
acid (Cl H). Secondly, to decomposing the chloride thus formed by means of
electricity.
In carrying out the invention it is preferred to place hydrochloric acid in
contact with zinc in a vessel or receiver containing plates of zine and plates of
carbon arranged alternately so as to serve as a battery and the electricity produced
is collected by any suitable means.
The chloride of zinc previously produced is placed in a second vessel or receiver
also containing plates of zinc and carbon placed alternately; these plates are
electrically connected with the plates in the first described vessel or receiver and
the electricity produced in the said first vessel or receiver by the dissolution of the
zine in the hydrochloric acid thus serves to decompose the chloride of zinc in the
second vessel or receiver. The zinc is deposited on the zinc plates and free chlorine
is disengaged and is collected and utilized.
If the quantity of electricity produced as hereinbefore described is insufficient I
make up the necessary quantity from any suitable source of electricity that is to
from a battery or a machine. I sometimes derive the whole of the electricity
required from a battery or machine.
80y
The spent chlorido from the second vessel or receiver is replaced in the first
vessel or receiver after having been enriched with fresh bydrochloric acid whilst
the chloride produced in the first vessol or receiver runs into the second to be thero
decomposed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO 'CATCHES' FOR SKIPS AND GIGS AS USED FOR MINING PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Prisk at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1883.
JOSEPH PRISK, of Redruth, in the parish of Redruth, in the county of Cornwall,
Mine Agent,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO 'CATCHES' FOR SKIPS AND
GIGS AS USED FOR MINING PURPOSES
"
My invention relates to improvements in and applicable to catches for carriages
known as skips and gigs or lifts as, used for mining purposes in upright roads or
ways or in roads or ways almost upright the object of the invention being to stop
and check the descent of such carriages in case the power that lifts or sustains
them should suddenly cease' or if from any other cause the said carriages should
descend with too great rapidity.
In carrying out my invention I provide an india rubber spring or pad or a steel
coil spring contained in the interior of a metal or other case which spring or pad
is of conical or other suitable form the larger end being placed uppermost. The
case or cylinder is fixed by flanges and screws in the ordinary way to the side of
the carriage.
Through the pad or spring runs an iron or metal bar having its lower end
flanged or having fixed thereto a flat ring which will prevent its being drawn
through the pad or spring; its upper end is turned into the form of a ring so as to
allow a pin to be passed through the same-Between the cylinder containing the
pad or spring and the upper end of the bar is fixed a flat piece of metal or other
suitable substance of the shape of a long parallelogram in such a manner that one
end thereof may be fixed to the said bar whilst the other end rests loosely on the
rail which forms the road or way on which the carriage runs or travels. This
piece of metal I call the "catch" or "grip." Through the middle of the catch or
grip is a hole through which passes a pin in such a manner as to allow the ends of
the catch to work up and down freely thereon. A slot of suitable length is cut
in the upper part of the carriage where the ends of the bow or other contrivance
for raising the carriage is connected therewith.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-the upper end of the hereinbefore.
described bar is fixed to the contrivance which lifts the weight of the carriage, by
means of the ring before mentioned; as the weight of the carriage is lifted so as to

page_text: raise the carriage itself the "bar" is raised to the extent of the slot and the end
of the catch on the bar with it, which has the effect of lowering the outer end of
the catch and thus taking it off the rail. When the power which lifts the carriage
stops, the india rubber spring or pad draws the bar down and raises the outer end
of the catch against the rail and the greater the weight of the carriage the
greater force will be brought to bear to cause the catch to jam and thus stop its
descent.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR ARRANGEMENT OF TESSALATED ENCAUSTIC AND OTHER TILES TO PARTS OF DWELLING HOUSES AND BUILDINGS GENERALLY
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Mathew Hobson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th February 1883.
WILLIAM MATHEW HOBSON of Birmingham in the County of Warwick.
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR ARRANGEMENT OF TESSALATED
ENCAUSTIC AND OTHER TILES TO PARTS OF DWELLING HOUSES AND BUILDINGS
GENERALLY
"
My Invention relates to a method of constructing or arranging tessalated
encaustic and other tiles for the interior or exterior decoration of dwelling houses
buildings and passages or spaces connected therewith my chief object being to
dispense with the cementing or concreting as now employed thereby saving the
great expense and inconvenience arising therefrom.
I will describe my Invention in one of its simplest forms I take the measure of
any hearth or fire place and then make a border of brass or other suitable metal or
material to fit the said bearth I then construct the interior into spaces (by means
of metal strips or other material) corresponding to the shape or configuration of
the tiles I employ and into these spaces the tiles are laid I thus form a portable
hearth of any design required
By the same method or arrangement walls ceilings pillars passages and spaces
where tiles can be employed can be so constructed. The case for holding the Tiles
is constructed with double metal one side of which is bent over upon the said
tile extending the whole length or partly so and thus secured