IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING SPINDLES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Leyland, of Great Lever, near Bolton, in
the County of Lancaster, Spindle Maker, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING SPINDLES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Leyland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th November 1875.
I, JOHN LEYLAND, of Great Lever, near Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Spindle Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRINDING SPINDLES," to be
as follows:-
:
My Invention consists in an improved combination of self-acting
machinery for holding the spindle while being ground, and for releasing
it when ground.
My Invention is applicable to what is known in the trade as cross
grinding machines. The spindle is supported in headstocks by means

page_text: of a lever or levers jointed to the sliding table on which the head-
stocks are fixed. The lower end of this lever is acted upon by a stay
connected to the bearings of the grindstone, so that as the grindstone
approaches the spindle in the usual way the lever holds the spindle
against the grindstone. When the spindle has been ground to the
proper diameter the attendant, by turning a screw as usual, moves the
grindstone out of contact with the spindle, and the lever is then drawn
back to release the spindle by a spring or other equivalent.
By means of these improvements the ordinary hand stay for pressing
the spindle against the grindstone is dispensed with, and the spindles
are ground more accurately than heretofore.
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said John Leyland in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th May 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LEYLAND, of Great Lever, near Bolton, in the County of Lancaster,
Spindle Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Leyland, Her special
licence that I, the said John Leyland, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Leyland, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR GRINDING SPINDLES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Leyland, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of

page_text: the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Leyland, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say)
My Invention consists in an improved combination of self-acting
machinery for holding the spindle while being ground, and for releasing.
it when ground.
My Invention is applicable to what is known in the trade as cross
grinding machines. The spindle is supported in headstocks as usual,
and it is stayed between the headstocks by means of a lever or levers
jointed to the sliding table on which the headstocks are fixed. The
lower end of this lever is acted upon by a stay connected to the bearings
of the grindstone, so that as the grindstone approaches the spindle in
the usual way the lever holds the spindle against the grindstone. When
the spindle has been ground to the proper diameter the attendant, by
turning a screw as usual, moves the grindstone out of contact with the
spindle, and the lever is then drawn back to release the spindle by a
spring or other equivalent.
By means of these improvements the ordinary hand stay for pressing
the spindle against the grindstone is dispensed with, and the spindles are
ground more accurately than heretofore.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I will
proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference
being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in section of my improved machinery for
grinding spindles; Fig. 2, a back view; and Fig. 3 is a plan of the same.
a is a bed plate supported on standards 6, b, and c is the sliding plate
which is traversed to and fro on the bed plate a by a rack and pinion as
usual. To the bed plate a is bolted the cross bed plate d supported at
one end by the standard c. This cross bed plate supports the slide f, to
which are fixed the bearings for the axle of the grindstone 9. The
slide is moved to and fro on the cross bed plate d by the hand wheel h

page_text: and screw h¹. At one end of the sliding plate c is the fulcrum stud c',
which fits in a hole in the sliding table i, and to this table are bolted the
headstocks j and k, between which the spindle to be ground is supported,
and the spindle is driven by a catch on the driving pulley as usual.
All the parts above enumerated are made as in other cross grinding
machines.
To the table i is bolted the rest 1, to which the lever m is pivotted;
Near the upper end of this lever is a slot, through which passes the
stay or spindle holder n, which is acted upon by a spring in the socket
m² to press the spindle against the surface of the grindstone.
The lower end of the lever m is acted upon to keep the spindle in
contact with the grindstone by the stay or cross bar o which is jointed
to the sliding bars p, p, fitting in V grooves in the slide f. To each
sliding bar is fixed a nut, through which passes a screw q, and by
turning these screws round by the hand wheels shewn the position of 1
the cross bar o is regulated. The spring m² is to draw the stay n back
to release the spindle when ground.
To the sliding table is fixed the template r, which is made of six or
other convenient number of angle plates screwed to the table, and the
position of each angle plate can be adjusted according to the shape of 2
the spindle to be ground by two regulating set screws passing through a
flange projecting from the table, as shewn best in Fig. 3.
The template is pressed against the antifriction bowl s which is
mounted on a stud fixed to the bed plate a by the spring t, see Fig. 3,
one end of the spring being connected to the table i and the other to the 2
plate c. The bowl & passes through a long slot in the table i and plate c.
The template being thus pressed against the bowls imparts its shape to
the spindle when ground.
The mode of operation is as follows:-When a spindle in the black
state has been secured between the headstocks j and k the grindstone is
brought forward by turning the hand wheel h. This forward motion of
the grindstone brings the cross bar o in contact with the roller at the
lower end of the lever m, the upper end of which presses the spindle
against the grindstone; the attendant, by then turning the.handle v
round alternately in opposite directions, imparts a to-and-fro motion to 3
the plate c and table i. In order to present the whole or any portion of
the length of the spindle to the action of the grindstone, and if the

page_text: spindle is not properly round when put in the headstocks the spring in
the socket m¹, acting on the spindle holder n, allows the spindle to yield
while revolving until it is perfectly round. This to-and-fro motion of
the table is continued until the spindle has been ground to the proper
diameter and shape; the attendant then turns the hand wheel h to move
the grindstone back again and to release the lower end of the lever m,
the spring m² then acting on the upper end of the lever m releases the
ground spindle, after which a fresh black one can be put in and the
operations are then repeated as before.
After the black spindle has been stayed by the holder n I prefer to
grind the lower portion of the spindle first, then the bolster portion, and
then the blade. After the spindles have been ground in the manner
above described the ends are finished in the ordinary manner.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the
manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim the slides p,
with the cross bar o acting on the lower end of the lever m in order to
press the spindle against the grindstone, as shewn and described.
Secondly. The holder n and the springs for holding and releasing the
spindle, as shewn and described.
And, lastly. The template made in six or other convenient number
of parts, and acting in combination with the studs and the lever m.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Leyland, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-six.
TATT
TTVE
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