Improved Construction or Arrangement of Garden or Out Door Chairs and Seats.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1887.
Complete Left, 28th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 29th July, 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Construction or Arrangement of Garden or Out Door
Chairs and Seats.
I, SIDNEY NASH CASTLE of the firm Henry Castle and Sons, Baltic Wharf,
Vauxhall Bridge, Middlesex, Ship Breakers and Timber Merchants do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to construct or arrange garden or out door seats and
chairs in such a manner that they are more compactly made than usual, they are
much stronger and less costly. They may be provided with fold down back screens
or seat covers and, or, fold up foot rests, these being so hinged or jointed that they
may be temporarilly affixed, the seat cover by falling over the vertical centre and
leaning against the back proper and the foot board by a pin or stud clip being made
to enter a hole in the foot rest for the purpose.
The frame of the seat is of wrought iron or metal bent and the ends are scrolled to
form the back upright, the seat support, the front leg behind which it is looped up
close to the back of the seat portion, and then down to the rear leg to which it is
attached by rivets or screw pins.
The back leg is formed from a separate strip of wrought iron or metal, the upper
part of which is screwed or rivetted to the back seat scroll and it terminates at the
lower end in a curl.
This method of connecting or arranging the rear leg gives great strength and
rigidity and prevents the front and back legs splaying apart or spreading outwards.
The sitting portions and the back rails are of old teak wood ship timber in strips
termed battens and which are alike impervious to the sun and rain, and these are
firmly secured in place by screw bolts and nuts, the bolts also passing through holes
in the wrought iron or metal frame.
The chairs which may be of any size to suit an adult or a child has one of the
foregoing constructions of frames at each end, but for long seats three of said frames
may be fitted and these can be tied by longitudinal scroll bars to fix them and produce
extra rigidity.

page_text: If the folding back screen be used it is hinged to the back seat hatten or to
iron or metal frame so that when folded down, the other battens of the seat are
protected from wet, dirt, bird lime &c. and when folded up against the back its
under surface is exposed and this being dry, a person may occupy the seat directly
after a shower of rain without inconvenience and if the foot support be arranged to
the chair or to the seat it is hinged to a base plate or strip, which also connects the
front and rear legs so that when folded up, a pin on a sliding ferrule, or ring on one
of the front legs enters a hole and holds it firmly.
Dated this 10th day of Kebruary 1887

page_text: Chairs and Seats.
I, SIDNEY NASH CASTLE, of the firm Henry Castle and Sons, Baltic Wharf,
Vauxhall Bridge, Middlesex, Ship Breakers and Timber Merchants do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to construct or arrange garden or out door seats and
chairs, in such an improved method, that they are more compactly made than usual,
they are much stronger, more comfortable, and more durable than any out door seats
introduced. They may be provided with fold down back screens or seat covers and,
or, fold up foot rests, these being so hinged or jointed that they may be temporarilly
affixed, the seat cover by falling over the vertical centre and leaning against the back
proper and the foot board by a pin or stud clip being made to enter a hole in the foot
rest for the purpose.
The frame of the seat is of wrought iron or metal bent and the end is scrolled or
bent to form the back upright; the seat support, the front leg, behind which it is
looped up close to, so that the back of the seat or looped portion then bends down to
the rear leg and back support to which it is attached by rivets or screw pins.
The back leg is formed from a separate strip of wrought iron or metal, the upper
part of which is screwed or rivetted to the back seat scroll and it terminates at the
lower end in a curl.
This method of connecting or arranging the rear leg gives great strength and
rigidity and prevents the front and back legs splaying apart or spreading outwards.
The sitting portions and the back rails are of old teak wood, an entire novel appli-
cation of this prime old seasoned material ship timber in strips termed battens, and
which are alike impervious to the sun and rain and these are firmly secured in place
by screw bolts and nuts, the bolts also passing through holes in the wrought iron or
metal frame.
The chairs or seats which may be of any size to suit an adult or a child has one of
the foregoing constructions of frames at each end, but for long seats two or three of
said frames may be fitted according to the length of the seat and these can be tied by
longitudinal scroll bars and wrought iron seat binders to fix them and produce extra
rigidity.
If the folding back screen be used it is hinged to the back seat batten or to iron or
metal frames, so that when folded down, the other hattens of the seat are protected
from wet, dirt, heat, bird lime, &c. and when folded up against the back its under
surface is exposed and this being dry, a person may occupy the seat directly after a
shower of rain without inconvenience, the seat is also kept cool by use of the coverseat
and if the foot support be arranged to the chair or to the seat it is hinged to base
plates or strips, which also connects the front and rear legs, so that when folded up,
a pin on a sliding ferrule or ring on one of the front legs enters a hole and holds it
firmly to the foot support.

page_text: This invention will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which Figure 1 is a section for all chairs and seats without strengthening
blocks. a is the back upright, the seat support, c the front leg, the looped up
portion, all formed of bent wrought iron, which is bolted or rivetted at e and f to the
rear leg or feet gl and back support g. The battens h are bolted to the seat support b
and back upright a.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a large seat for public parks, promenades,
embankments, pleasure grounds, and other like public places, and in which I rivet a
block preferably of wood, such as teak, between the looped up portion d and the
seat support b for strengthening purposes and to secure extra rigidity. In seats 8 feet
long or more, or perhaps in shorter seats as well, I arrange three or any convenient
number of frames, and between said frames, binders of wrought iron connected to
stays k, the lower portions or ends of which (i.e. the stays) are bolted to the main
frames near the foot of the front legs at l.
Figure 3 is a sectional drawing showing the seat or chair with attached folding
footboard m loosely hinged or jointed at n and attached folding coverseat p preferably
made of two layers of wood in reverse directions and hinged at g.
Figure 4 is a sectional drawing of the above when closed, the attached folding
footboard being held up by a sliding ferrule (which slides down when out of use so
as to be out of the way of dresses &c) a pin or projections of which takes into a hole,
notch, or groove in the footboard, which footboard is arranged on base plates, strips,
or sleepers t as shown but I do not limit myself to this arrangement, I may employ
the folding footboards and seatcovers separately or in combination.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a seat ready for use for private parks, private
gardens, tennis grounds, croquet lawns, and the like where not liable to such rough
usage and in which the stays are arranged differently, being bolted to the frames only
instead of to binders as in the previous mentioned arrangements and having a horizontal
back stay or longitudinal scroll bar.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a small seat, say, 4 to 5 feet long, in which the
binder ; is connected by means of stays kk to the frames at each end.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
As the improved construction of garden or outdoor chairs and seats :-
1. The combination of bent metal frame a, b, c, d, with curved strips or plates g for
rigidly fixing the back scrolls a to the hind foot scrolls but forming feet g at the
bottoms as described and as shown at Figures 1 to 6 in the annexed drawings.
to
2. The particular arrangement and method of attaching fold down seatcovers p
outdoor chairs or long seats as at Figure 4, said covers when folded up serving as
back rests as described and as shown at Figures 3 and 5 of the annexed drawings.
3. The particular arrangement and method of attaching a folding foot rest m to
garden or outdoor chairs and seats as described and as shown at Figures 3, 4, and 5
of the annexed drawings.
4. In combination with a folding foot board m of a garden or outdoor chair or
seat, the sliding clip ferrule n which is clear of ladies dresses when down as at
Figure 3 and useful as an appliance for retaining the foot board m in a raised position
as at Figure 4 of the annexed drawings.