An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Manufacturing Rect- angular-meshed Wire Netting.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 10th Dec., 1892
COMPLETE STECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of and Apparatus for Manufacturing Rect-
angular-meshed Wire Netting.
We, ALFRED NAYLOR PEARSON, of Rathmines Road, Auburn in the Colony
of Victoria, Agricultural Chemist, and ROBERT PENN, of Laurel Cottage,
Montague Street, South Melbourne, in the said Colony, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of wire netting having rectangular
ineshes.
Its object is to enable wire netting of this description to be easily and cheaply
manufactured.
It consists, firstly, in the method of manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire-
netting herein described, and secondly, in the apparatus which we have devised for
carrying such method into effect.
In order that our invention may be more readily understood, we will proceed at
once to describe, step by step, with the aid of diagrams, how we manufacture wire-
netting, and will finally describe the construction, arrangement and operation of a
complete machine which we have devised for manufacturing rectangular-meshed
wire-netting according to our method.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Figures 1 to 5 are diagrammatic views illustrating the construction of rectangular-
meshed wire-netting according to this invention.
Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view roughly indicating the general position and
arrangement of the chief parts of a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed
wire netting according to our invention.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of the woof wire gripping and cutting jaws.
Figures 8 to 12 are various perspective views of a pair of the loop-forming
fingers and sockets used as hercin described for forming loops on the warp wires of
the netting.
Figures 13 and 14 are respectively a side elevation and a plan of one of the loops
formed by said fingers before it is tightened up.
Figure 15 is a central longitudinal section of a needle or shuttle used for threading
the woof wires through the loops formed in the warp wires.
Figures 16 and 17 are diagrammatic plans showing the device used for retaining
the loops in position whilst they are being tightened up.
Figures 18, 18 and 19 are views illustrating the essential features of another
way of making the loops in the warp wires.
Figures 20, 20 and 20" are views illustrating the finger used for making the loops
as illustrated in Figures 18, 18 and 19.
Figure 21 is a view of the loop when completed and before the finger has been
drawn up out of engagement with it.
Figure 22 is a perspective view showing the way in which the loops are held in
position whilst the needle is threading the woof wire through them.
Figures 23 and 24 are respectively a front and end elevation of the jaws used for
gripping the warp, wires, together with the mechanism for operating them.
Figure 25 is a perspective view illustrating a modification of the upper
gripping jaw.
Figure 26 is a side elevation of the apparatus employed for operating the needle
or shuttle used for threading the woof wire through the loops of the warp wires.

page_text: Figure 27 is a perspective view of the mechanism employed for operating the
woof wire cutting jaws.
Figure 28 is a side elevation of a machine which we have devised for manufac-
turing wire netting according to our invention, whilst
Figure 29 is a sectional elevation from the right hand side of the machine, and
Figure 30 is an elevation, also from the right hand side thereof.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
Figures 1 to 4 illustrate the kind of netting for the manufacture of which this
invention has been devised.
It will be seen that the fabric is formed by a series of longitudinal or warp
wires a, a, and a series of cross or woof wires b, cut the desired width of the netting.
There is no selvage to the netting; the woof wires b being arranged to project a
little at the ends, and so serving the purpose of barbs.
In Figures 1 to 3 it will be seen that the warp wires are fastened to the woof
wires at the intersections by being wrapped, wound or twisted round them. It will
be noticed also in Figure 1 that the twists or loops of the warp wires a, a, around the
first woof wire b, are in the opposite direction to the twists round the second wire bl.
The reason for this will be understood on reference to Figure 5, it being obvious
that the twist on the wire a has a tendency to cause the wire to turn round into
the position shown by the dotted lines. To overcome this the twists must be made
in opposite directions, so that the tendency to turn in one direction may be neutralized
by an equal tendency to turn in the opposite direction. This is provided for by the
arrangement shown in Figure 1, where the alternate twists on each warp wire are
in opposite directions. It is also provided for in another way in Figure 2, where
all the twists on one warp wire are in the same direction; but the twists on the one
woof wire bare opposite to those on the other one.
In Figure 3 this alternation of twists is not provided, this therefore is an imperfect
form of netting. Our machine can make any of these three forms, but we prefer
the form shown in Figure 1.
It will be understood from the above description of the netting that the machine
for manufacturing it must be a kind of weaving machine, which will make loops on
the warp wires, then thread or pass the woof wires through said loops by means of
a kind of shuttle-needle, and then draw the loops up tight.
The general nature of the operation is shown in Figures 6 and 7. In Figure 6 a
number of warp wires a, a are shown by the full lines with the loops on them, and
the shuttle-needle C (broken off at the near end) is represented traversing these loops
from the near to the off side, so as to carry the woof wire b through them. In
Figure 7 the needle is supposed to have completed its journey and returned, and the
warp wires have been pulled tight, by means of opposite pulls, thus closing up the
loops. If the pull on the warp wires be sufficiently vigorous, the loops are closed up so
tightly that they firmly grasp the woof wire, the joint being so tight that the warp
wire can be made to slide on the woof wire only by means of a very considerable
strain and after the netting has been dipped in the zinc bath the joint is so firm
that the wire will break before the connection between the warp and woof wires will
give way.
The essential parts of the machine consist first of a pair of powerful jaws D, D¹
which stretch right across the warp wires and grasp them firmly. They are
capable of a reciprocating motion, so that they may be caused to approach each
other and afterwards be caused to recede from each other.
Secondly of a series of specially shaped tools hereinafter called fingers (shown
at E, E, in Figure 6), suspended in a line right across the warp wires, one finger
over each wire. They admit of two movements; first an upward and downward
motion, so that they may be dropped down on to the wires, and afterwards raised
up again; and secondly a rotatory motion around ther own vertical axes.
Thirdly of a series of sockets F arranged underneath the wires, one socket for
each finger. Only one of these sockets is shown in Figure 6, but it will be under-
stood that one of them is arranged under each loop.

page_text: J
Fourthly of a shuttle-needle C; or, more briefly, the needle.
Fifthly of a pair of small jaws G as indicated in Figure 7, arranged on the off
side of the machine, to seize hold of the end of the woof wire b when the needle C
has completed its forward movement.
Sixthly of a pair of small cutting jaws H also shown in Figure 7 on the near
side of the machine, to cut the woof wire after the needle has completed its return
stroke.
Seventhly of a pair of feed rollers (I, Figure 6) arranged to revolve through any
desired are so as to draw the netting through any desired distance when the operation
of forming the row of meshes has been completed.
a reel
Besides these essential parts, there are a few accessories, such as
(A, Figure 6) to hold the coils of warp wire, and a reel (B, Figure 6) for the coil
of woof wire. Also a series of moveable guides attached to the back of the jaw D'
to help in guiding the warp wires. The fingers E and finger sockets F perform
.besides their other functions the part of guides both for the warp and woof wires,
and the row of sockets Facts as a guide for the needle C. The fingers E, sockets F
and guides can be adjusted to any desired distance or distances apart, so that the
distance apart of the warp wires can be varied. A roller is provided beyond the
feel rollers I for rolling up the wire netting as it comes out of the machine, and
suitable cams, levers, and connecting parts are provided for giving the necessary
motions to the various parts of the machine.
These motions are as follow
Let it be supposed that the feed of the warp wires has just taken place, and that.
the jaws D and D' (Figure 6) have closed again on said warp wires, and that the
jaws D are separated from the jaws D' by the full extent of their stroke, whilst
the fingers E are clear above the warp wires, and the needle C is held in readiness
to shoot forward across the machine, the cutting jaws H being wide open, so as
not to offer any obstruction to the needle in its course, and the jaws G being open
ready to seize the end of the woof wire when it is carried into position by the
needle C.
Movement 1. The first operation is the lowering of the fingers E through half
their stroke, so that their prongs stride across the warp wires, and fit into the
circular holes in the sockets prepared to receive them.
This movement is clearly illustrated in Figures 8 to 10, in which Figure 8 shows
the finger and socket in relation to the warp wire before the first movement takes
place, and Figures 9 and 10 show them after the movement has taken place,
Figure 10 being a sectional view of Figure 9.
Movement 2. The next movement is the approach of the jaws D' towards the
jaws D, and simultaneously the continuance of the movement of the fingers E into
the sockets F down to the bottom of their stroke. By this means the wire is bent
down in a curve as shown in Figure 11.
Movement 3. The jaws D' then approach still nearer the jaws D, the jaws D also
approaching the jaws D'; and at the same instant the fingers E twist round through
half a circle whereby the bend in the wire becomes converted into a loop as shown
in Figure 12. This loop when formed has the appearance shown in front elevation
in Figure 13, and in plan in Figure 14.
Movement 4. The fingers E are then raised to the position shown in Figure S,
the sockets F meanwhile remaining in position.
Movement 5. The needle C makes its forward journey, carrying with it the woof
wire b.
Movement 6. The jaws G close and grasp the free end of the woof wire b.
Movement 7. The needle C performs its return journey, sliding back on the
woof wire. This will be understood on reference to Figure 15, where the needle C.
is shown as being provided with two jaws or cams c pressed into engagement with
the woof wire by small springs c' so as to grip said wire on their forward move-
ment and so carry it forward on the outward stroke while they slide freely along.
the wire on their return journey. The jaws or cams c are supported.on pivots.

page_text: placed eccentrically to the curve of the surface of the jaws. There are other
simple arrangements by which this end can be attained, but this is the arrangement
which we prefer.
Movement 8. In the next movement the jaws D, D¹ begin to recede from one
another, the first effect being to partly close up the loop, so that the outer curves
(as seen in plan) approach each other and fall within the position covered by the
four prongs of the finger E, as will be understood on reference to Figures 16
and 17, the first of which shows in plan the socket and the original loop with the
woof wire passing through it, whilst the second shows the same after the loop has
been partly closed up. It will be scen in Figure 17 that the loop in all its parts
falls well within the points e e e e, which represent the position of the points of the
finger prongs.
Movement 9. At this stage, while movement 8 is still proceeding, the fingers E
move down into the position shown in Figure 9, compressing the two sides of the
loop close together, and keeping them thus until the loop is finally tightly drawn
up by the completion of movement 8.
Movement 10. At about this instant the jaws H (Figure 7) cut off the near end
of the woof wire.
Movement 11. The fingers E are raised into the position shown in Figure 8, and
the jaws D, D', G and I are opened.
Movement 12. The feed takes place,
Movement 13. The jaws D D' again close, thus completing the cycle of
operations.
Alternative form of fingers.-The fingers E above described and their sockets F
are not the only form which may be adopted. If a piece of straight wire be grasped
at each end as shown in a, Figure 18, and one end be made to approach the other,
the wire will bend into a curve as shown in Figure 18. This curve will be either
upwards downwards, sideways or in any other direction indifferently, the wire
having an equal tendency to go in any direction, and a very slight touch (as for
instance with the finger and thumb as shown in Figure 18) at the commencement of
the operation, will determine the direction the curve shall take. And if during
the approach of the two ends the finger an! thumb are not simply drawn upwards,
but are also twisted round in a horizontal plane through an angle of 180°, the wire
will form an upward loop as shown in Figure 19.
A form of finger which will serve the same purpose as the finger and thumb in
the above illustration is shown in Figures 20, 204 and 20B, the first being a front
view, and the second a half side view. The warp wire is indicated at a. It will
be readily understood that if the fingers be lowered on to this piece of wire a, the
wire will slip through between the two steel pads e¹, e' at the end of the fingers,
and occupy the position shown in Figure 20. If, when the fingers E are in this
position, the two ends of the wire are brought nearer to each other as shown in
Figure 18, and the fingers at the same time are elevated and twisted round
through an angle of 180°, then a loop will be formed just as it was shown to be in
Figure 19. The arrangement will present the appearance shown in Figure 21. A
sharp pull upwards will then release the fingers E from the loop, which will then
remain clear. It almost at the same instant, but a little before the fingers are thus
withdrawn upwards, a socket or guide F of the form represented in Figure 22 is
brought into position from below the wire, it will hold the loop in position, and at
the same time, a row of such guides will form a groove to guide the needle in its
course, in the same way that the other sockets do in the first described arrange-
ment. The socket or guide in Figure 22 will in the after operations serve the
purpose of the prongs in the first described form of finger.
General arrangement of parts.-The relative positions of the essential parts of
the machine will be clearly understood from Figures 6 and 7. For further details
reference may, be made to the more complete drawings shown in Figures 23 to 30.
All the cams are by preference arranged on one shaft, placed in a direct line below
the fingers and sockets, whilst the fingers are supported by means of an over-head

page_text: frame, and are rotated by means of a rack or racks sliding backwards and forwards
in that frame; and the whole frame containing fingers and rack-work is supported.
on uprights which rise or fall according to the motion of their proper cams, as will
hereinafter be more specifically described.
Figures 23 and 24 show the general arrangement of the large warp jaws,
showing them, together with the mechanism for operating them; detached from
the machine.
In these figures D, D₁, represent as before the two pairs of jaws which are
supported on the upright arms d, d'. These latter are centred on the two shafts d²,
mounted in fixed bearings (not shown). The upper jaw of each pair closes on the
lower jaw by means of two powerful spiral springs ³, attached to the ends of the
upper jaws, and looping on to the shafts 2. The tension of these springs can be
regulated by adjusting screws, and is so adjusted that after the pull on the warp
wires has exceeded a certain point the wires can slip through the jaws; hence there
will be no risk of breaking the wires by over straining. The jaws can be opened
by means of the rods d and cams &', and they are made to approach and recede
from each other by means of the eccentrics d. An eccentric has been adopted in
this case instead of a cam, because the pushing force to be exerted is very great,
and the wear and tear on an ordinary cain would be greater than on an eccentric;
but a cam or any other similar arrangement may be used if preferred. The cam
shaft K is supported by fixed bearings (not shown in these figures) in the frame
of the machine. The eccentric rods d' ds are of course always in motion, and if
no special arrangement were provided they would cause the jaws to be always'
in motion, but the jaws have to be kept for a great part of the time in a state
of rest. To provide for this the eccentric rods are made in two separate pieces,
the upper piece sliding in the lower piece d' (shown in section in Figure 24).
A pin is passed through the lower section d', and passes through a slot d in the
upper section ds, so that the section can move the section d' only when the pin °
reaches the top or the bottom of the slot d¹º.
In Figure 24 the points d² daud K are fixed, and the point d is capable of
moving upward and downward in a perpendicular line, guide slots (not shown in
Figures 23 and 24) being provided for this purpose. The eccentric do, as shown in
Figure 24, is at the top of its stroke; as it proceeds downwards it will bring down
with it the pin d'; and when this has reached the bottom of the slot d, it will
bring down with it the rod (s, and will therefore lower the point d. The effect of
this on the jaws D D' will be, since the pin or point slides down the curved
slot d, that the jaws D' will be pushed back, and the effect on the jaws D will:
be that they also will be pushed back because the toggle link or rod ¹³ will
be drawn down into a horizontal position. The jaws Dˇ move about three times.
the distance that the jaws D' do.
In Figure 24 the upper jaws of each pair are shown attached to the lower
ones by hinges. An alternative arrangement is to have the upper jaw not
attached to the lower jaw but simply placed on it, as shown in Figure 25, an.
upright projection from the lower jaw fitting into a slot in the ends of the
upper jaw.
The mechanism for operating the needle is shown in Figure 26. In this illus-
tration C is the needle, and its head or part where the cams or jaws c (shown
in Figure 15) are arranged. A block c³ is fixed upon the needle C and is capable
of sliding to and fro along a horizontal slot formed by the bars c which are
supported at one cud by one of the main standards (J) of the machine, and at the
other end by a special standard cº. The block is joined by the connecting
piece to a long lever, c, which is fulcrumed at c on a pin or bolt passing through
some fixed part of the framing of the machine. Power is applied to this lever ce
by the sliding rod c0, which slides in fixed bearings c This rod is made to slide
backwards and forwards by means of the pin c engaging in the groove c¹³ of the
cam con the cam shaft K; that is on the same shaft which carries the eccentrics dª:

page_text: (Figures 23 and 24) and the other cams. The needle C, lever c and sliding rod clo
are of the lightest-construction possible, consistent with the required strength, so
that the inertia and momentum may be small, and the motion easy and swift. The
reel B containing the coil of wire is kept slowly revolving by a special arrangement
not shown in the drawing, so that the wire will hang loose and offer no obstruction
to the easy movement of the needle.
The stroke of the needle can be shortened, when desired, by moving the fulcrum
point from down towards the bottom of the slot in the lower end of the
lever . This is to provide for making netting of different widths. To the same
end the cutting jaws H Figure 7, can be moved (within certain limits) to any
desired position nearer to the jaws G. When making narrower netting, such of
the fingers and sockets on the near side of the machine as may not be required
will be taken out, so as not to obstruct the needle and the cutting jaws.
Of the pair of woof wire cutting jaws H H¹ the upper jaw H works on the
rod has a centre, as clearly illustrated in Figures 27 and 29; and the lower
jaw H works on the rod has a centre; the said rods hand being supported
at their ends in fixed bearings in the frame of the machine. The backward
crank arm of the upper jaw H has a rod passing through it, and said rod
has a small upward and downward motion in the slots, and is operated by
a cam through the medium of the rods . This motion will of course be
conveyed to the cutting edge of jaw H, and it is also conveyed to the cutting edge.
of the lower jaw H', because the jaws are geared together by teeth h. The two
jaws H H can be slid along the bars and h³ into any desired position.
The parts which we have already described constitute the essential features of
the machine. They are arranged in practice preferably as illustrated in Figures 28,
29 and 30, where the same letters are used to indicate the same parts that are
employed in the previous figures, in order that the parts already described may be
easily traced. For instance, A represents the reel containing the warp wires,
B the reel containing the woof wires, C the needle for threading the latter through
the loops formed in the warp wires by the fingers E whilst said wires are held by
the jaws D D and F F represent the sockets arranged underneath the fingers E E.
G, as before, represents the jaws used for holding the end of the woof wire & when
fed through the loops in the warp wires and H represents the jaws used for
cutting off the woof wire after the row of meshes has been made. JJ' represent
the main standards of the main frame of the machine, and K the shaft upon:
which the cams and eccentrics used for operating the various parts of the machine
are secured.
The gripping jaws D D', together with their opening or closing and reciprocating
mechanism, and the needle C together with its reciprocating mechanism having been
already fully described, we will proceed to describe those details which have not
yet been explained.
The fingers E are mounted in a horizontal frame or bar e arranged to slide
vertically in slots es provided for the purpose in the frame of the machine and
supported on the upper ends of vertically sliding rods or bars e*, whose lower ends
are provided with small antifriction rollers e which rest upon and are acted upon
by cams e secured on the cam shaft K. Each of these fingers E is free to rotate
horizontally, that is round its own vertical axis, and is provided with a small
pinion e' which is in engagement with a rack e arranged to slide horizontally in
the frame carrying said fingers and adapted to be operated by a lever e³,
centred upon a bracket 10 secured to the frame of the machine and acted upon at
its lower end by a face cam el so that said lever will be rocked and thus be caused
to reciprocate the rack 8 and thereby partially rotate the fingers E through the
requisite angle of 180°.
When it is required to form the loops in the warp wires in opposite directions on
the alternate wires, as illustrated in Figure 2, we prefer to employ two racks es,.
and; to connect them together by a rocking link e" (Figure 28), so that when one

page_text: }
rack is moved in one direction the other is moved in the opposite one, the effect
being, as these racks are in gear with pinions e' on alternate fingers as shown in
said Figure 28, to partially rotate each alternate finger in opposite directions.
The sockets F are mounted in a fixed frame (Figure 29) below the fingers E:
The lower jaw of the pair G which are used for gripping the end of the woof
wire b when fed forward by the needle C is provided with a rigid rod whose
lower end is actuated upon by a cam of the requisite shape on the cam shaft K
in a similar way that the jaws H. H used for cutting off the woof wire when
one row of meshes has been completed are operated upon by a cam through the
medium of rod 4º, as herein before described with reference to Figures 27 and 29.
The rollers I, used for drawing the wire netting through the machine as it is
manufactured, are geared together as illustrated in Figure 29, and the spindle of
the lower roller is fitted with a ratchet wheel i, with which a pawl on an
arm is arranged to engage. This arm is connected by a rod 3 (Figure 30) with
the upper end of a lever, whose lower end is acted upon by a cam i, so that
said rolls will be partially rotated at intervals as required.
Motion is imparted to the cam shaft K, and therefore to the various moving
parts of the machine, by means of a shaft L gearing therewith and provided with
fast and loose pulleys a fly wheel and a clutch as illustrated.
We wish it to be understood that we are not bound to any particular form of
machine as regards its details. For instance, although we have arranged the warp.
wires in a horizontal plane as being most convenient-because when so arranged
the netting as it comes out of the machine can be dipped at once into a zinc bath
placed at the back of the loom, before being finally rolled up-it will be obvious
that they might be placed in a vertical plane if preferred. The relative position
of the cams on the cam shaft may also be varied, and the cam shaft may be placed
overhead if desired, whilst the needle might be reciprocated by other arrange-
ments than the lever shown in Figures 26 and 28. For instance, it might be
reciprocated by the device known as lazy tongs. The form of finger described
in this Specification might also be varied, as will be readily understood by all
practical men; and indeed the machine can be varied in many details, and arrange-
ment of parts without departing from the spirit of, this invention.
It will also be evident that two or more needles. may be placed parallel to each
other, and be arranged to thread two or more woof wires simultaneously through
two or more parallel series of loops made on the warp wires, so as to make two
or more rows of meshes at once.
1' .
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is-
1st. The herein described method of manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire
netting, the essential feature of which consists in forming loops in a series of warp
wires, then threading a woof wire or wires through such loops, and finally drawing
the latter tightly around said woof wires. All substantially as and for the
purposes herein described and explained, and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2nd. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire-netting, a needle
or shuttle (such as C) for carrying the woof wire or wires through loops in the
warp wires, substantially as for the purposes herein described and explained, and as
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3rd. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire netting, the com-
bination with the reciprocating needle, or shuttle (such as C) for carrying a woof
wire, or wires, through loops formed in warp wires of an adjustable lever
(such as c), together with a cam (such as c). The whole being constructed and
arranged substantially as and for the purposes herein described and explained, and
as illustrated in Figures 26 and 28 of the accompanying drawings.
4th. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire-netting, two pair

page_text: of gripping jaws (such as D D¹) arranged to first grip the warp wires of the
netting and then move towards each other to enable loops to be formed in said
warp wires and afterwards move apart again, substantially as and for the purpose
herein described and explained, and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5th. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire netting, a finger
or fingers (such as E) arranged to be lowered into engagement with the warp wires
of the netting, then to be rotated so as to form same into a loop and then to be
again raised out of engagement with such loop; substantially as and for the
purposes herein described and explained, and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
6th. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire netting, a socket
or sockets (such as F) in which the loops of the warp wires are made and which
afterwards serve to retain said loops in position whilst they are being drawn
tightly around the woof wires; substantially as and for the purposes. herein
described and explained, and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7th. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire netting, a pair of
gripping jaws (such as G) timed-to open and close so as to grip the end of the
woof wire; substantially as and for the purposes herein described and explained,
and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
"
8th. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire netting, a pair of
cutting jaws (such as H) timed to cut off the woof wire or wires, substantially as
and for the purposes herein described and explained, and as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
9th. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire netting, the
employment of fingers fitted with spring jaws arranged to engage with the warp
wire so as to raise same previously to twisting it round to form a loop; sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein described and explained and as illustrated
in Figures 20, 20 and 20% of the accompanying drawings.
10th. In a machine for manufacturing rectangular-meshed wire netting, the
employment of sockets formed with two notches or slits at right angles to each
other, one being for the purpose of receiving the warp, and the other the woof
wires, said sockets moreover forming a groove or channel for the needle carrying
the woof wire, the whole being constructed and arranged substantially as and for the
purposes herein described and explained, and as illustrated in Figure 22 of the
accompanying drawings.
'
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of July One thousand eight hundred and