IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKELESS FURNACES AND STOVES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jacob Baynes Thompson, of Whitehall, Wrays-
bury, in the County of Bucks, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SMOKELESS FURNACES AND STOVES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jacob Baynes Thompson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 26th November 1873.
I, JACOB BAYNES THOMPSON, of Whitehall, Wraysbury, in the County
of Bucks, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKELESS FURNACES AND STOVES," to be as follows :-
This Invention has for its object the consumption of all the products
of the fuel capable of combustion, but more especially that of coal, so
as to utilize all the mixed gases that from ordinary furnaces and
stoves pass up the chimney, and not only are wasted but are hurtful in
polluting the air. For this purpose according to my improvements I
construct a combustion chamber with bars in front and at bottom, or with
longitudinal bars extending in a curve round the front and bottom.
This chamber I extend upwards but enclosed on all sides to form a gas
generating chamber, and above that is the fuel chamber which is shut in

page_text: by means of a cover. The air and outlet flue for the combustion
chamber commences on or about the level of the top of the combustion
chamber, but not above it, and there is also a flue for supplying air to
the gas generating chamber, which flue passes up behind the air flue or
at the sides of the combustion chamber, and from below the combustion
chamber terminating at the top of the gas generating chamber under a
protecting ledge of the fuel chamber. To this flue there is a valve below
the combustion flue, midway between that and the bottom of the com-
bustion chamber, which by being turned opens the gas flue into the
combustion chamber and at the same time closes its communication
with the external air. The fuel chamber is simply a reservoir for fuel
which is fed to the gas chamber and thence to the combustion chamber
by gravity only..
The action of the furnace is this, as soon as the fuel in the com-
bustion chamber is in an incandescent state, which takes place in about
15 or 20 minutes from the time of lighting, the furnace ceases to smoke
and gas is generated in the gas chamber.
The influx of air through the flue into the gas chamber causes the
hydrocarbons generated by the heat in the combustion chamber to be
decomposed, forming mixed inflammable gases which are driven down-
ward through the incandescent coke in the combustion chamber; these
meeting and mixing with the draught of air entering the grate and
passing through that chamber and thence passing out at the exit flue
in the form of highly heated flame and gases to be utilized as may be
required.
When this Invention is applied to furnaces especially, the valve in the
gas flue may be brought into use to cause more of the mixed gases to be
burnt in the chamber of the furnace, thereby creating more direct heat
on the material to be acted upon and varying the chemical properties of
the flame directed upon such material, but the furnace must be first
thoroughly heated with the gas flue in communication with the external
air or the hydrocarbons will not be thoroughly consumed, consequently.
will deposit soot and emit smoke.
.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jacob Baynes Thompson in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 26th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JACOB
BAYNES THOMPSON, of Whitehall, Wraysbury, in the County of Bucks,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Jacob Baynes Thompson,
Her special license that I, the said Jacob Baynes Thompson, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Jacob Baynes Thompson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SMOKELESS FURNACES AND
STOVES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jacob
Baynes Thompson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jacob Baynes Thompson, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object the consumption of all the products
of the fuel capable of combustion, but more especially those of coal, so
as to utilize all the mixed gases that from ordinary furnaces and stoves
pass up the chimney or flue, and are not only wasted but are hurtful
in polluting the air. -

page_text: :
"
Figure 1 is a front view, and Figure 2 is a sectional view showing
'my improvements applied to a stove or grate for ordinary household
fire-places.
Figure 3 is a front view, and Figure 4 is a sectional view showing my
improvements applied to the furnace of a steam boiler, and Figure 5 is
a sectional view showing my improvements applied to a reverberatory
furnace.
In the several Figures of the accompanying Drawings similar parts
are marked with similar letters of reference.
شکسته
According to my improvements I construct a combustion chamber a
with bars in front and at bottom, or with vertical bars a¹ extending in a
curve round the front and bottom. This chamber a I extend upwards
but enclosed on all sides to form a gas generating chamber 6, and above
that is the fuel chamber or reservoir c which is shut in by means of a
cover d.
The combustion or outlet flue e for the combustion chamber com-
mences on or about the level of the top of the combustion chamber a
as shown but not above it. This outlet or combustion flue e it will be
also seen passes up behind the gas generating chamber, and thereby
affords an extra heating surface to such gas generating chamber. There
is also a flue or passage f for supplying air to the gas generating
chamber 6, which flue or passage ƒ may pass up behind the combustion
or outlet flue, as shown at Figures 1 and 2, or at the sides of the com-
bustion chamber a, as shown at Figures 3, 4, and 5, and from below the
combustion chamber a terminating at the top of the gas generating
chamber 6 under a protecting ledge or guard 9 of the fuel chamber or
reservoir c. To this flue of there may be a valve below the outlet flue e
midway between that and the bottom of the combustion chamber a
which by being turned opens the air or gas flue into the combustion
chamber, and at the same time closes its communication with the
external air. The fuel chamber c it will be seen is simply a reservoir
for fuel which is fed to the gas generating chamber 6 and thence to the
combustion chamber a by gravity only, such three chambers being
portions of one, general chamber.
The action of furnaces constructed according to my Invention is as
follows: As soon as the fuel in the combustion chamber a is in an
incandescent state (which takes place in from about 5 to 20 minutes from

page_text: the time of lighting, according to the dimensions of the furnace) the
furnace ceases to smoke and gas is generated in the gas generating
chamber b.
The influx of air through the air flue f into the gas generating
chamber 6 causes the hydrocarbons generated by the heat of the com-
bustion chamber a to be decomposed, thereby forming mixed inflam-
mable gases which are driven downward through the incandescent coke
in the combustion chamber a, there meeting and mixing with the
draught of air entering such chamber between the bars a¹ and thence
passing out at the outlet flue e in the form of highly heated flame and
gases, to be utilised as may be required.
When this Invention is applied to reverberatory furnaces especially,
the valve in the air or gas flue may be brought into use to cause more of
the mixed gases to be burnt in the chamber h of the furnace, thereby
creating more direct heat on the material to be acted upon, and varying
the chemical properties of the flame directed upon such material, but
the furnace must be first thoroughly heated with the air flue ƒ in com-
munication with the external air, or the hydrocarbons will not be
thoroughly consumed, consequently will deposit soot and emit smoke.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that I
do not claim generally the construction of furnaces to which fuel is
supplied from a reservoir by gravity, nor do I claim generally the
employment of a gas generating chamber in furnaces and fire-places,
but what I do claim as my Invention is the peculiar combination and
arrangement of parts to obtain smokeless furnaces and stoves in which
a fuel reservoir, gas generating chamber, combustion chamber, air supply
flue, and outlet or escape flue are arranged and combined in manner,
substantially as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jacob Baynes Thompson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four