Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Seamless Metallic Tubes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Left 7th May 1807 ocented
12th line 1007
Date of Application, 7th Aug., 1896
Complete Specification Loft, 7th May, 1807 60cepted, 12th June, 1907
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Seamless
Metallic Tubes.
We, WILLIAM PILKINGTON of Wylde Green Erdington Manufacturer, and
ARTHUR PILKINGTON of Erdington Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature.
of our said invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has reference to that process in the manufacture of solid drawn.
or seamless tubes in which process a longitudinal axial hole is made through the
centre of a cylindrical billet or ingot of metal usually steel. The manner hitherto
has been to drill an axial hole but in so doing a considerable portion of the metal
is wasted.
Our invention consists in means for giving the cylindrical ingot or billet an axial
rotation during which a mandril having a somewhat pointed head of larger
diameter than the body is forced into the billet or cylinder along the line of
its axis.
The metal thus displaced from the neighbourhood of the axis still remains in
the billet which is thus transformed into a short thick tube without loss of metal.
In carrying our invention into effect we mount a number of rolls three by
preference in housings (the rolls being parallel to each other). If there are three
rolls their centres upon a plane at right angles to their axes form the three points
at the angles of an equilateral triangle.
The bearings of the rollers may or may not be constructed so as to give a
yielding pressure. We prefer in most cases to mount them to give a yielding
pressure which may be done by springs weights hydraulic or steam cylinders or
other equivalent devices.
These rolls are caused to revolve all in the same direction. A cylindrical ingot
or billet is placed parallel with the rolls and in the space between these three
opposed circumferences. The rolls are set to grip the billet and to cause it to
revolve. A mandril with an enlarged and pointed head is then forced against the
centre of the outer end of the billet by a screw a hydraulic cylinder or other
device. The pressure being continued the mandril is forced into the billet and
displaces the metal at and near the axis and thus converting the billet into a short
thick tube. Heavy flanges on the rolls at their far end keep the billet up against.
the thrust of the mandril.
If the rolls are allowed to yield then the tube will be of larger outside diameter
than the original cylinder or billet but if the rolls are not allowed to yield then the
outside diameter of the tube will remain constant but the length will be increased
beyond that of the ordinary billet.
We may employ two or more rolls with one or more heavy bars of triangular
section with rounded top instead of using rolls exclusively.
We may dispense with the flanges on the rolls and force two mandrils into the
billet simultaneously one from each end but in this latter case there will remain a
diaphragm of metal in the centre of the tube which will have to be removed by
extraneous means.
Instead of the rolls being plain cylinders we may make them grooved or wavy in
outline so as to grip the billet more firmly..
Dated 7th A 1000
THOS. KENDRICK,
New Eldon Chambers, 50 Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Seamless
Metallic Tubes.
We WILLIAM PILKINGTON of Wylde Green Erdington Manufacturer and
ARTHUR PILKINGTON of Erdington Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention has reference to that process in the manufacture of solid drawn or
seamless metallic tubes, in which process a longitudinal axial hole is made through
the centre of a cylindrical billet or ingot of metal usually steel.
The manner hitherto has been to drill an axial hole but in so doing a considerable
portion of the metal is wasted.
Our invention consists in means for giving the cylindrical ingot or billet an axial
rotation during which a mandril having a somewhat pointed head of larger
diameter than the body is forced into the billet or cylinder along the line of
its axis.
The metal thus displaced from the neighbourhood of the axis still remains in
the billet which is thus transformed into a short thick tube without loss of
metal.
And in order that this our said invention may be the more readily understood,
we will now proceed to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying sheet
of drawings.
Similar letters of reference denote similar parts in each figure in which they
occur.
.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine constructed according to our invention
having the metallic flanged rolls, mounted in a suitable framing or housing and
gripping the billet or ingot, with one mandril in position for entering or operating
the billet.
Figure 2 is a cross section of same taken on the line A. B. (Figure 1) looking
from the entering or operating end.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a machine constructed according to our invention
having three metallic rolls without flanges mounted in a suitable framing or housing
and gripping the billet or ingot with two mandrils for entering or operating the
billet, one at each end.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of a machine constructed according to our invention,
having two metallic flanged rolls, with a metallic bar as an equivalent for the third
roll mounted in a suitable framing or housing and gripping the billet or ingot with
one mandril in position for entering or operating the billet.
Figure 5 is a cross section of same taken on the line A B. Figure 4 looking.
from the entering or operating end.
Figures 6 and 7 shew metallic rolls detached and instead of being plain cylinders
their outline is grooved or wavy, so as to grip the billet or ingot more firmly.
a are the rolls, mounted in the framing or housing b, c are springs, d is the ingot
or billet, e is the mandril with enlarged and pointed head f, g is the serew, h are
flanges on a, i is the bar.
In Figures 1 and 2 we shew three rolls a, mounted in housings b, each roll being
parallel to the other and provided with springs c so as to give a yielding pressure,
motion is imparted to these rolls a by suitable mechanism and they are caused to
revolve all in the same direction. The ingot or billet d is passed into the space o
between the three opposed circumferences of a the rolls, in a parallel position.
The surface of the rolls when set grip the ingot or billet d, and cause it to revolve,

page_text: during the revolution the enlarged and pointed head f, of the mandril e, is brought.
to bear by the power of g, against the centre of the outer end of the ingot or
billet d, the force of which takes the inuer end of d up to the flanges / against the
thrust of the mandril e, the operation being still continued until the ingot or billet
is converted into a short thick tube.
In Figure 3 we shew three rolls a, (mounted and working as above set forth) but
having no flanges the ingot or billet d, is passed through one of the apertures t,.
in the framing or housing b, and through the space o and between the rolls a.
We
here shew the employment of two mandrils e, which are brought up simultaneously
through the apertures t, in b, by the power of g and bear upon each end of the
ingot or billet d, operating so far until a diaphragm of metal remains in the centre
of d, the mandrils e, are now withdrawn and the diaphragm cut away, and the ingot.
or billet d becomes a short thick tube.
In Figures 4 and 5 we show two flanged rolls a acting in combination with the
bar i, which is an equivalent for the third roll a (mounted and working as above set.
forth) the said bar being constructed with a rounded top which serves the purpose
instead of using rolls exclusively.
When the rolls a have a yielding pressure after operating the tube is larger in its.
external diameter than the original ingot or billet, but if the rolls are not allowed
to yield then the external diameter of the tube will remain the same, but the
length will be increased.
We would observe in conclusion that we do not limit ourselves to the number of
rolls we may employ or to their configuration, but by preference we use three, or
two and a bar, neither do we limit ourselves to the screw for actuating the pointed
mandril or inandrils, or to the springs for the yielding pressure as other devices.
may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said:
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what.
we claim is :-
In improvements in or relating to the manufacture of seamless metallic tubes.
1. The construction and arrangement of three metallic rolls a with flanges -
mounted in bearings parallel to each other, for receiving and imparting an axial
rotation to the ingot or billet d, the mandril e for operating upon d, as Figures 1
and 2, substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
2. The construction and arrangement of three metallic rolls a without flanges h
mounted in bearings parallel to each other for receiving and imparting an axial
rotation to the ingot or billet d the mandrils e for operating upon d as Figure 3,
substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
3. The construction and arrangement of two metallic rolls a and a metallic bar i
said rolls mounted in bearings parallel to each other and the bar i for receiving and
imparting an axial rotation to the ingot or billet d as Figures 4 and 5, substantially
as herein before described and illustrated.
4. The construction of the metallic rolls a with their surfaces grooved or wavy
s Figures 6 and 7 substantially as herein before described and illustrated.
5. The general construction combination and arrangements of parts, substantially
s herein before described in the foregoing specification and illustrated on the
ccompanying sheet of drawings.
THOS.
KENDRICK,
New Eldon Chambers, 50 Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent..