Improvements in and connected with Means for Drawing Textile Fibres.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 25th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 24th June, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Means for Drawing Textile
Fibres.
I, JOSEF DE MINISZEWSKI, of 7, Kirpitschnoi Pereoulok, St. Petersburg, Russia,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is a new system of drawing textile materials by
means of elastic ribbons or bands and is principally applicable to the yarn and
thread industry.
Heretofore the drawing of fibres has always been effected by several pairs of
drawing rollers (Figure 1) each pair receiving a movement of rotation more rapid
than that of the preceding pair; thus the speed of the cylinders bb is greater
than that of the cylinders aa¹ and the speed of the cylinders ce¹ is superior to
that of the cylinders 66. Further the roving introduced between the cylinders
traverses the whole system in free space that is to say, is not supported or guided
in its passage between the different pairs of cylinders, which allows the fibres
of the material under treatment to detach themselves from the roving; moreover
the tension exercised on the weak parts of the fibres may cause the rupture of
these latter which are twisted and detached from the roving as illustrated in Figure
this produces mequality in the thickness of the yarn. This method of drawing
can therefore only be applied with success to materials of long fibre. The draw-
ing of materials with short fibres necessitates the employment of other apparatus.
The drawing of yarn therefore necessitated hitherto, the employment of different
systems of drawing according to the nature of the fibre but the system which is
the object of this invention is applicable to fibres of all kinds indifferently.
The new system may be described as follows:-Figure 3 shows two pairs of
cylinders aa and 66, the cylinders 66 having a speed of rotation greater than
that of the cylinders aa. The cylinders and as well as a¹ and 61 are sur-
rounded by endless elastic bands and k¹.
The cylinders are arranged so that the bands k and touch one another. The
fibres are introduced between the cylinders a al turning at the lower speed and
are gripped between the bands kk and drawn with the bands proportionately to
the difference of speed of rotation of the cylinders of the first and second pair.
It is evident that the roving being gripped between the stretched and moving
bands will be thinned at the coarse parts and drawn at the same time so that
it will leave the apparatus not only drawn to the desired extent but also rectified
or equalised in thickness.
The combinations and different arrangements of the cylinders may be varied
within large limits according to the machines to which the cylinders are to be
applied. Some of the arrangements are shown as examples in Figures 4, 5 and 9
of the annexed drawing. In Figure 9 the cylinders of the first and second pair
have the same speed of rotation but they are of different diameter, that of the
cylinders 66 being greater than that of the cylinders a a¹ which produces the
same effect as the difference of speed.

page_text: The
Figures 6 and 7 show a method of drawing the roving by means of a single
endless band which after leaving the cylinder a is folded and guided by rollers
loose on their axles and passes over the cylinder 6 where it is unfolded again
roving as is seen in the drawing is gripped between the folds of the band.
Figure 8 shows another method of drawing by means of two bands made to
pass between a series of guide rollers arranged in quincunx and loose on their
axles; the degree of evenness and compression of the yarn depends on the number
and arrangement of the guide rollers.
The system of drawing which is the subject of this application is distinguished
by this important characteristic that it permits of the yarn, being obtained of
any desired thickness or number by means of a single machine which presents
a great advantage over known machines the system of which is represented
diagrammatically in Figure 10 and which to obtain a yarn of a desired number
requires the passage of the roving through several series of drawing apparatus
like those shown in Figure 1 and arranged in the manner indicated in Figure 10
by the letters I¹ I² 1* I*. The roving on leaving each apparatus has a very
unequal thickness as we have already indicated above. To rectify this and
equalise the thickness the rovings are collected together in a bundle by the tube g
by which the inequalities of the individual roving are compensated then the
bundle of each series is drawn in other similar apparatus II II II II' and this
operation has occasionally to be repeated as many as forty times to obtain the
desired number.
On the other hand the system now proposed and represented in Figure 11
considerably simplifies this operation by the combination of several of the
apparatus shown in Figure 5 to form a single machine which by causing the thread
to pass consecutively from one apparatus to another draws the coarsest roving
down to any number whatever. Thus a roving of a coarseness n introduced
into the apparatus I will be drawn by successive apparatus and will at length
leave the apparatus IV with a coarseness corresponding to the number desired.
In this manner the drawing of the roving by my apparatus is governed by
the difference of speed of rotation of the cylinders and the number of apparatus
in combination.
Dated this 26th day of July 1808
CARPMAEL, & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Means for Drawing Textile
Fibres.
I, JOSEF DE MINISZEWSKI, of 7, Kirpitschnoi Pereoulok, St. Petersburg, Russia,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:
-
The object of this invention is a new system of drawing textile materials by
means of elastic ribbons or bands and is principally applicable to the yarn and
thread industry.
The improvements are illustrated in the drawings lodged with the Provisional
Specification.
Heretofore the drawing of fibres has always been effected by several pairs of
drawing rollers (Figure 1) each pair receiving a movement of rotation more rapid
than that of the preceding pair; thus the speed of the cylinders bb is greater

page_text: than that of the cylinders aa and the speed of the cylinders cc¹ is superior to
that of the cylinders 66. Further the roving introduced between the cylinders
traverses the whole system in free space, that is to say, is not supported or guided
in its passage between the different pairs of cylinders, which allows the fibres
of the material under treatment to detach themselves from the roving; moreover
the tension exercised on the weak parts of the fibres may cause the rupture of
these latter which tear away and become detached from the roving as illustrated
in Figure 2, this produces inequality in the thickness of the yarn. This method
of drawing can therefore only be applied with success to materials of long fibre.
The drawing of materials with short fibres necessitates the employment of other
apparatus.
The drawing of yarn therefore necessitated hitherto the employment of different
systems of drawing according to the nature of the fibre but the system which is
the object of this invention is applicable to fibres of all kinds indifferently.
The new system may be described as follows:-Figure 3 shows two pairs of
cylinders a a and bb', the cylinders 66 having a speed of rotation greater than
that of the cylinders aa. The cylinders a and b as well as a¹ and 6' are sur-
rounded by endless elastic bands and ¹.
The cylinders are arranged so that the bands & and touch one another. The
fibres are introduced between the cylinders a al turning at the lower speed and
are gripped between the bands are drawn with the bands proportionately to
the difference of speed of rotation of the cylinders of the first and second pair.
It is evident that the roving being gripped between the stretched and moving
bands will be thinned at the coarse parts and drawn at the same time so that
it will leave the apparatus not only drawn to the desired extent but also rectified
or equalised in thickness.
The combinations and different arrangements of the cylinders may be varied
within large limits according to the machines to which the cylinders are to be
applied. Some of the arrangements are shown as examples in Figures 4, 5 and 9
of the drawing. In Figure 9 the cylinders of the first and second pair have
the same speed of rotation but they are of different diameter, that of the
cylinders being greater than that of the cylinders aa¹ which produces the
same effect as the difference of speed.
Figures 6 and 7 show a method of drawing the roving by means of a single
endless band which after leaving the cylinder a is folded and guided by rollers
loose on their axles and passes over the cylinder 6 where it is unfolded again. The
roving as is seen in the drawing is gripped between the folds of the band.
Figure 8 shows another method of drawing by means of two bands made to
pass between a series of guide rollers arranged in quincunx and loose on their
axles; the degree of evenness and compression of the yarn depends on the number
and arrangement of the guide rollers."
The system of drawing which is the subject of this application is distinguished
by this important characteristic, that it permits of the yarn being obtained of
any desired thickness or number by means of a single machine which presents
a great advantage over known machines the system of which is represented
diagrammatically in Figure 10 and which to obtain a yarn of a desired number
requires the passage of the roving through several series of drawing apparatus
like those shown in Figure 1 and arranged in the manner indicated in Figure 10
by the letters I¹ 12 1³ I+ The roving on leaving each apparatus has a very
unequal thickness as I have already indicated above. To rectify this and
equalise the thickness the rovings are collected together in a bundle by the tube g
by which the inequalities of the individual roving are compensated then the
bundle of each series is drawn in other similar apparatus II II II II and this
operation has occasionally to be repeated as many as forty times to obtain the
desired number.
On the other hand the system now proposed and represented in Figure 11
considerably simplifies this operation by the combination of several of the

page_text: apparatus shown in Figure 5 to form a single machine which by causing the thread
to pass consecutively from one apparatus to another draws the coarsest roving
down to any number whatever. Thus a roving of a coarseness n introduced
into the apparatus I will be drawn by successive apparatus and will at length
leave the apparatus 1V with a coarseness p corresponding to the number desired.
In this manner the drawing of the roving by my apparatus is governed by
the difference of speed of rotation of the cylinders and the number of apparatus
in combination.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1
1. The drawing of threads or rovings and regulating the disposition of their
fibres by causing them to pass between endless elastic bands held one against
the other and each stretched between rollers or cylinders driven at different surface
speeds substantially as described and illustrated at Figures 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9 of
the drawings.
2. The modification of the above system in which the fibres are held in a fold
of a single clastic band substantially as described and illustrated at Figures 6 and 7
of the drawings.
3. The combination of any desired number of systems of rollers or cylinders
and bands in one machine for obtaining threads of any desired thickness or
number substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated at Figure 11
of the drawings.