An Improved Arrangement of Roasting Apparatus for the Incineration of Black Liquor and Spent Soda Lyes used in the Boiling of Esparto Grass or other Fibrous Matter.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1899-Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Arrangement of Roasting Apparatus for the
Incineration of Black Liquor and Spent Soda Lyes used in
the Boiling of Esparto Grass or other Fibrous Matter.
I, THOMAS GOODALL, Manager to the Hendon Paper Works, Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention to be as
follows:-
--
This invention relates to an improved arrangement of roasting apparatus for the
incineration of black liquor and spent soda lyes used in the boiling of esparto grass
or other fibrous matter, and can be made suitable for the incineration of such liquors
of either high or low density.
The improved apparatus is constructed with top and bottom beds or hearths one
above the other, each being adapted to contain a supply of liquor, and each being
constructed with a fire-grate, the two grates being arranged at the same end of the
apparatus and one above the other. By means of a suitable arrangement of dampers
the flame from the fire in either of these grates may be caused to traverse over both of
the hearths, firstly over the one and then over the other; whereby the flame and heat
evolved in the burning off of the liquor or partly incinerated ash in the one hearth
is made to concentrate the liquor in the other. By such arrangement also a
cremating furnace is formed in and by the fire-grate over which the gases and
products evolved during the passage over both bearths is caused to pass, and the
destruction of all volatile organic matter is thereby caused to be effected before such
gases or products pass into the flue.
Beyond the roasting beds at the opposite end thereof to that at which the said
grates are arranged and communicating with both of such beds, there is arranged a
burning off chamber formed preferably of brickwork for the reception of the burning
ash transferred from the roasting beds, and in which chamber it is allowed to remain
until completely burned, after which it is removed through conveniently arranged
doors; and above the said burning off chamber there is arranged a store-tank for the
reception of the black liquor before its incineration. The heat evolved from the
burning off in the said chamber is effective in aiding in concentrating the liquor in
the store tank, and also in aiding in concentrating the liquor in the roasting
beds; the heat and waste gases arising from the burning ash in the said chamber
being drawn over either of the said hearths or beds by the current or draught
of the gases passing from the one grate to the other and to the flue or chimney;
and such gases from the burning ash in the said chamber thus mix with the
gases from the roasting beds, all the gases finally passing over the cremator grate
into the flue.
Suitable doors are provided for working the hearths and removing the products,
which may be done from either or both sides or ends of the apparatus.
By such improved arrangement of the apparatus, the heat is well maintained, and
fuel is economised to the best advantage, the carbonaceous matter in the material
acted on being fully utilized in the process.
Dated this 18th day of January 1890.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Arrangement of Roasting Apparatus for the
Incineration of Black Liquor and Spent Soda Lyes used in
the Boiling of Esparto Grass or other Fibrous Matter.
I, THOMAS GOODALL, Manager to the Hendon Paper Works, Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved arrangement of roasting apparatus for the
economical recovery from black liquor and spent soda lyes of the soda which has been
used in the boiling of esparto grass or other fibrous matter, and is suitable for the
incineration of such liquors of either high or low density.
The improved apparatus is represented on the accompanying drawings, on which
Fig. 1 represents the same in elevation.
Fig. 2, represents a sectional elevation through the plane indicated by the
line a-b Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 represents a sectional plan through the plane indicated by the line c-d
Fig. 2.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6, represent sectional elevations respectively through the planes
indicated by the lines e-f, g-h, and i-j.
The improved apparatus may be formed chiefly of brickwork with enclosing cast or
malleable iron plates. It is constructed with two or more superposed roasting beds or
hearths 7, which work in combination with a common burning-off chamber 8,
arranged at the one end thereof, and are constructed with independent fuel grates 9,
also superposed and arranged at the opposite end of the beds or hearths to that at
which the burning-off chamber is situated.
These grates are formed with separate flues 10 which lead to a common chimney
flue 11, and are provided with one or more dampers 12, which permit of any of the
grates being placed in connection with the chimney flue.
In the modification represented on the accompanying drawings only two of
such superposed hearths and fire grates are used although as aforesaid they may be
more numerous.
Above the said burning-off chamber 8, there is arranged a store-tank 13, for the
reception of the black liquor from the boilers. A similar store tank 14, may be
arranged above the upper hearth 7, for concentrated liquor and from these two tanks
or either suitable pipes as 15 may lead to both of the hearths 7, so that both hearths
may be supplied directly therefrom. The liquor before it is fed to the hearths 7, or
to a separate evaporator receives a preliminary concentration in the store-tanks by
the waste heat of the upper hearth and of the burning-off chamber.
By the above described arrangement the flame from the fire in either of the
grates 9, may be caused to traverse over both of the hearths 7, firstly over the one
and then over the other and then over the second grate 9, which acts as a cremating
furnace through which the gases and products evolved during the passage over both
hearths is caused to pass, by which the destruction of all volatile organic matter is
effected before such gases or products pass into the chimney flue 11.
After such further concentration in the roasting beds, the burning ash is trans-
ferred therefrom into the burning-off chamber 8, in which it is allowed to remaio
until it is completely burned, after which it is removed through conveniently arranged
doors 16.
As aforesaid, the heat evolved from the burning off of the charge in the chamber 8,
aids in concentrating the liquor in the superposed store tanks 13 and 14, and it also
aids in concentrating the liquor in the roasting beds, the heat and waste gases
arising from the burning ash in the said chamber being drawn over either of the said
hearths or beds by the current or draught of the gases passing from the one grate to
the other and to the chimney flue 11; and such gases from the burning ash in the

page_text: said chamber thus mix with the gases from the roasting beds, all the gases finally
passing over the cremator grate to the flue.
By forming an additional flue 17, at the opposite end of the chamber 8, and fitting
the same with a damper 18, the method of operation may be varied and the gases
from either or both of the grates may be caused to traverse the hearth or hearths in
connection therewith igniting the liquid matter therein, and afterwards traversing the
burning-off chamber which had previously received the partially burnt material from
the roasting beds completing its incineration, the liquor in the superposed store-tanks
being concentrated by being kept boiling by the waste heat, the waste gases after-
wards passing to the chimney through the flue 17.
Suitable doors 16 are provided for working the hearths and removing the products,
which may be done from either or both sides or ends of the apparatus.
By such improved arrangement of the apparatus the heat is well maintained, and
fuel is economised to the best advantage, the carbonaceous matter in the material
acted on being fully utilized.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The hereinbefore described improved arrangement of roasting apparatus for.
incinerating black liquor and spent soda lyes, the same consisting in superposed
roasting beds constructed with independent superposed grates arranged at the one
end thereof and adapted with separate flues controlled by dampers leading to a
common flue, in combination with a common burning-off chamber arranged at the
opposite end thereof, and with superposed store tanks communicating with the hearths
as set forth.
2. The like arrangement and combination to that referred to in the preceding
claim, less the store tanks.
3. The modification hereinbefore described in which the burning off chamber is
formed with a flue at its end furthest from the hearths.
Dated this 17th day of October 1890.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.