IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HUMMELLING, REMOVING THE HUSK FROM, AND CLEANSING GRAIN
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Hornsby, junior, of Spittlegate, near
Grantham, in the County of Lincoln, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR HUMMELLING, REMOVING THE HUSK FROM, AND CLEANSING
GRAIN."
Sealed the 11th September 1857, and dated the 10th July 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Hornsby at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th July 1857.
I, RICHARD HORNSBY, junior, of Spittlegate, near Grantham, in the
County of Lincoln, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HUMMELLING, REMOVING THE HUSK FROM, AND
CLEANSING GRAIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for hummelling,
removing the husk from, and cleansing grain. Heretofore, for hummelling
barley, and partially to cleanse other grain, it has been fed in at one end of a
cylinder through which passed longitudinally an axis, having radial knives
fixed on it, and these knives by striking the grain with their edges removed
from it the impurities; and in order to cause the grain to pass through the
apparatus the cylinder was placed at an inclination, or else the knives were
placed at an angle on the shaft so as to drive the grain forward. Now, my
Invention consists in mounting on the same shaft with the knives, and through-
out the whole or nearly the whole length of the axis a series of instruments
not having cutting edges, which stir the grain and rub it against the cylin-

page_text: drical case of the instrument, and also among itself; or, in place of mounting
these stirring instruments on the same axis with knives, the knives may be
dispensed with, and the shaft may carry stirrers alone, and then the grain
will be caused to pass through the apparatus, either by mounting it in an
inclined position, or by means of a screw or otherwise; or, in place of mount-
ing the stirrers on the axis they may be mounted on the ends of the knives,
and the stirrers may then be made with edges or otherwise, so as to assist the
kuives in their action, while they also act to stir and rub the grain against
the cylindrical case and amongst itself.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Hornsby in the Great Scal Patent Office on the
7th January 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
HORNSBY, junior, of Spittlegate, near Grantham, in the County of Lincoln,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Hornsby, Her special licence that I, the said Richard Hornsby, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Hornsby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR HUMMELLING, REMOVING THE HUSK FROM, AND CLEANSING Grain,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard Hornsby,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Hornsby, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for hummelling,
removing the husk from, and cleansing grain. Heretofore, for hummelling
barley, and partially to cleanse other grain, it has been fed in at one end of a
cylinder, through which passed longitudinally an axis, having radial knives
fixed on it, and these knives by striking the grain with their edges removed
from it the impurities; and in order to cause the grain to pass through
the apparatus the cylinder was placed at an inclination, or else the knives
were placed at an angle on the shaft, so as to drive the grain forward.
Now, my Invention consists in mounting on the same shaft with the knives,
and throughout the whole or nearly the whole length of the axis, a series
of instruments not having cutting edges, which stir the grain and rub it
against the cylindrical case of the instrument, and also amongst itself; or, in
place of mounting these stirring instruments on the same axis witb.nives,
the knives may be dispensed with, and the shaft may carry stirrers azie, and
then the grain will be caused to pass through the apparatus either by mount-
ing it in an inclined position, or by means of a screw or otherwise; or in place
of mounting the stirrers on the axis they may be mounted on the ends of the
knives, and the stirrers may then be made with edges or otherwise, so as to
assist the knives in their action, while they also act to stir and rub the grain
against the cylindrical case, and amongst itself.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The Drawing shows a longitudinal section of apparatus for hummelling and
cleansing grain, having my improvements applied thereto. a is the cylinder,
similar to what has heretofore been used; b is the hopper at one end, whero
the grain is fed into the cylinder; c is the outlet, where the grain passes away
from the cylinder, and the quantity of action and the time occupied in the
grain passing through the cylinder is regulated by the slide d. The axis or
shaft e to which the knives and rubbers are affixed receives motion from a
steam engine or other power. f.f, are a series of knives fixed to the shaft or
axis e, and they are arranged spirally around the shaft or axis.
This construction and arrangement of shaft and knives is similar to what
las before been employed in apparatus for hummelling and cleansing grain ;
9.9, are a series of rubbers or beaters which are also fixed spirally or other-
wise around the shaft or axis, in such manner that there is a constant com-

page_text: bined action of the knives and beaters or rubbers all along the shaft which is
within the cylinder.
I would remark that although I prefer thus to combine the stirrers or
rubbers amongst the knives, as shown by the Drawing, in place thereof the
stems of the rubbers or stirrers by which they are fixed to the shaft may be
formed into knives or thin edges, and set obliquely, so as to move the grain in
like manner to what the knives do which are shewn by the Drawing; or the
knives may be dispensed with and stirrers or rubbers only used, the grain
being moved forward or along the cylinder by the cylinder being inclined,
or by the use of a screw. By these means the grain will be rubbed against
the cylinder and also amongst itself.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would have it understood that what I claim are the
combined arrangements herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Hornsby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
RICHARD HORNSBY, JUN. (L.S.)