IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE GRATES OR STOVES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Whillier of Stoke Newington in the County of
Middlesex Gentleman for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE GRATES
OR STOVES
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Whillier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1882.
EDWARD WHILLIER of Stoke Newington in the County of Middlesex Gentleman
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE GRATES OR STOVES
"
This Invention relates to improvements in fire grates or stoves and has for its
object to obviate smoke by producing thorough combustion thus greatly economising
the consumption of fuel
In order to carry out my invention I form flues at each side of the grate or
stove These flues may be constructed either to produce an upward or downward
draught while at the back of the grate or stove I provide a combustion chamber
having two openings leading into the chimney and communicating with the flue
from the grate
By this improved arrangement the air is conducted over and through the fire
into the combustion chamber where the products of combustion are thoroughly
consumed thus producing a comparatively smokeless chimney-The supply of air
to the fire may be regulated by valves or other suitable equivalents placed in any
convenient position
When necessary or desirable I fit a cast iron plate extending the full width of
the grate or stove which plate serves as a hot plate for boiling and other culinary
purposes the entire heat being concentrated on this plate by the flues directly in
contact therewith
The dimensions of the flues are regulated by the size of the grate or stove
Another feature of my invention consists in making the grate reversible on
suitable centres or pivots by which means I am enabled after replenshing the fire
to turn the green coal to the bottom whereby the gases and other products arising
Rain Gar

page_text: therefrom are caused to pass through the bright fuel above thus not only producing
perfect or nearly perfect combustion but considerably economising the consumption
of fuel and obviating smoke
To prevent the fuel falling out when the grate is reversed an adjustable grid is
fitted to the top and bottom of the grate while in order to hold the grate securely
in position after adjustment a suitable stop is fitted in any convenient position
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Whillier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th March 1883.
EDWARD WHILLIER of Stoke Newington in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-GRATES OR STOVES"
This Invention relates to improvements in fire grates or stoves and has for its
object to obviate smoke by producing perfect or nearly perfect combustion thus
greatly economising the consumption of fuel at the same time that increased heat
is obtained
One part of my improvements consists in forming the flues of register stoves or
fire grates at each side of the stove or grate-Such flues are constructed with either
an upward or downward draught (that is to say) the air passage may be open at
the top and thus allow the air to pass downward through the fire grate or when
required the air may pass in at the bottom or front of the flue and take an upward
direction through the fire-At the back of the fire grate or stove I fix or form a
combustion chamber or box having two openings leading into the chimney and
communicating with the flue from the fire grate By this arrangement the air is
conducted over and through the fire at the sides and bottom of the fire grate into
such combustion chamber or hox where the gases and other products of combustion
are consumed thereby producing a comparatively smokeless chimney. Suitable
valves, slides or doors are used for regulating the supply of air to the fire either at
the front, sides, top, or bottom of the grate-The dimensions of the flues are
regulated by the size of the stove or grate-When applying my improvements to
other kinds of fire grates, such as ranges or kitcheners I fit a cast iron plate over
the full width of the stove which serves as a hot plate the full extent of heat being
_concentrated thereon through the flues
One method of carrying out this part of my invention is illustrated at Figs 1
and 2, of the accompanying drawings-Fig: 1. being a view in front elevation of a
register stove with the fire bars removed and having my improvements applied
thereto (such fire bars being omitted so as to more clearly shew such improve-
ments,) and Fig: 2 being a vertical section shewing the arrangement of the flues
and combustion chamber. a. is the register plate at top of stove-6 the two side
flues through which the smoke and other products of combustion pass into the

page_text: main flue or chimney-b' recesses or apertures formed over the top of the piers c
to allow of the smoke and other products of combustion ascending into such side
flues c' combustion chamber at back of stove carried down to ash pit de doors
to ash pit which may be opened or closed according as it is desired to slacken or
increase the upward draught-When desired a conveniently shaped movable
fender (not shewn in the drawings)-may be placed in front of these doors when
closed so as still further to increase such upward draught-f apertures in back
plate of stove through which the heated air and other products of combustion pass
into the combustion chamber-g apertures in cheeks of grate through which the
heated air passes into recesses formed one on each side of the grate thus converting
such recesses into hot boxes g¹ and thereby increasing the radiation of the heat from
the stove-h dead plate which forms a cover to the top of combustion chamber-
This plate may have one or more holes i formed therein and fitted with one or
more covers which can be removed for the purpose of placing one or more saucepans
or other vessels thereon to boil-Or auch dead plate may be extended over the
entire width of the stove and so form a hot plate as already described
. Another part of my invention consists in making the grate reversible on suitable
centres or pivots one of which is fitted at the back and another in front of the
grate and providing the grate with side flues, valve chamber and valve and other
improvements in detail for the purpose of producing perfect or nearly perfect com-
bustion thus ensuring considerable economy in the consumption of fuel and greatly
reducing, if not totally preventing smoke as by this improved construction and
arrangement I am enabled after replenishing the fire to turn the green coal to the
bottom whereby the gases and other products of combustion arising therefrom are
caused to pass through the bright fuel above thus producing the results already
mentioned To prevent the fuel falling out when the grate is reversed an adjustable
grid is fitted to the top and bottom of the grate while in order to hold the grate in
position after adjustment a suitable stop or catch is fitted to the front thereof in
any convenient position
This improved construction is illustrated at Figs 3 and 4 of the accompanying
drawings Fig: 1. being a view in front elevation of a register stove with my
improvements applied thereto-and Fig: 4. being a vertical section shewing the con-
struction and arrangement of the flues, valve chamber and valve at the back of the
stove In these figures (1) is the door at top of valve chamber (2), placed
immediately behind the register plate which latter is not shewn in this Figure-
Such door can be opened or closed as required for the purpose of cleaning or
inspecting the flue
(2) is the valve plate the size whereof is determined by that of the opening (3)
formed in the back of the fire place and communicating with valve chamber-
(4) are the divisions on each side thereof separating it from the two flues (5)-These
divisions do not extend to the bottom of ash pit sufficient space being left to allow
of the products of combustion passing beneath and ascending through the flues 5)—
(6) door to ash pit to afford access for cleaning same-(7) cross bar fitted to front of
grate (8) front pivot centred in one of the fire bars of grate and working in such
cross bar The back pivot is not shewn in the drawings but the same is centred
in the back plate of the grate and works in à socket formed in the back of the fire
place (9) (10) sliding or hinged grids fitted to the top and bottom of grate which can
be removed or shifted and replaced as occasion requires (11.) catch or stop fixed to
side of grate to hold the same in position when properly adjusted-(12) movable hood
which can be placed over top of grate to prevent smoke by reducing the area of
the space above the grate and thus increasing the upward draught-This hood is
kept in position by flanges formed for that purpose on the hobs of the stove-(13)
sliding blower plate fitting in a recess formed in the crown of the arch at front of
fire place wherein it is held by a pin or stud (14) on loosening which such blower
plate falls down in front of the movable hood thus further reducing the area of the
space above the fire and augmenting the upward draught-The sides of the Grate
are formed hollow to allow of the reversible motion thereof

page_text: Having thus particularly described my said invention and the manner of
carrying the same into effect I would remark that I am aware that Grates or
Furnaces have before been made reversible-I do not therefore claim this principle
as novel What I do claim as of my invention is
Firstly The providing a register or other stove or grate with lateral flues, and
a combustion chamber and ash pit all combined arranged and fitted substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and shewn
Secondly-The constructing a register or other stove or grate so as to be
reversible upon two centres in combination with two lateral flues a valve chamber
communicating with ash pit and valve and fitted with an adjustable hood and
blower plate all substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before
described and shewn
In Witness whereof I the said Edward Whillier have hereunto set my hand
and. seal this twenty eighth day of March in the Year of Our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three
Witness
ELT &. Co
Agents
33 Southampton Buildings
Holborn
London
EDW. WHILLIER (L.S.)