IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING MINERAL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William James Barsham, of Stratford, in the County
of Essex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING MINERAL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 13th April 1855, and dated the 13th October 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William James Barsham
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th October 1854.
I, WILLIAM JAMES BARSHAM, of Stratford, in the County of Essex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING MINERAL AND OTHER SUBSTANCES"
to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to means for obtaining the successive lifts to
stampers employed in crushing various substances, in order to uniformity of
action. The stamper head is affixed to a stem, which has suitable guides to regu-
late its movement. Upon this stem are formed or affixed teeth (or pins acting as
teeth), which, in order to produce the successive lifts to the stamper, are taken.
into by teeth or cogs, formed partly around a wheel or disc affixed to a rotating.
shaft. As the teeth on this wheel or disc in its rotation leave those on the
stem of the stamper, the stamper falls to crush the matters placed under it,
and is again raised as the teeth on the wheel or disc come round again, and so

page_text: on, in succession. The amount of lift depends upon the extent of teeth around
the wheel or disc, and the diameter of such wheel or disc. To compensate for
variations in quantity of matters under the stamper, whereby the first tooth on
the wheel or disc might in the rotation of that wheel or disc come against the
end in place of the side of a tooth on the stem of the stamper, by which
stoppage or injury of the parts would result, that tooth has a stem, which is
capable of sliding in or upon the wheel or disc, so as to be capable of yielding
when coming against the end of a tooth on the stem of a stamper, by which
it will escape such tooth, and then resume its proper position to act against
the next tooth of the stem. The other teeth on the wheel or disc will then
follow correctly. I prefer that the teeth of the stem be arranged with their
pitch line immediately over the centre of the stamper, whereby a more direct
lift will be obtained, & friction in the guides will be lessened.
I also prefer
that there be teeth on each side of the stem of the stamper, to be acted upon
by similar teeth on a wheel or disc, or on a pair of wheels or discs.
The guides, or parts carrying the guides to the stamper stems, are made
adjustable, so as to compensate for wear, and thereby preserve a correct
working relation between the teeth of the stem and those of the wheels or
discs. In place of the teeth being formed on or affixed to, wheels or discs,
portions only of wheels or discs may be employed for that purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William James Barsham in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 13th April, 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JAMES BARSHAM, of Stratford, in the County of Essex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William James Barsham, Her special licence that I, the said William
James Barshan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William James Barsham, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully

page_text: might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING MINERAL AND
OTHER SUBSTANCES" upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William James Barsham, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William James Barsham, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof (that is to say) :-
The improvements relate to means for obtaining the successive lifts to
stampers employed in crushing various substances, in order to uniformity of
action. The stamper head is affixed to a stem, which has suitable guides to
regulate its movement. Upon this stem are formed or affixed teeth (or pins
acting as teeth), which, in order to produce the successive lifts to the stamper,
are taken into by teeth or cogs, formed partly around a wheel or disc affixed to
a rotating shaft. As the teeth on this wheel or disc in its rotation leave those on
the stem of the stamper, the stamper falls to crush the matters placed under
it, and is again raised as the teeth on the wheel or disc come round again, and
so on, in succession. The amount of lift depends upon the extent of teeth
around the wheel or disc, and the diameter of such wheel or disc. To com-
pensate for variations in quantity of matters under the stamper, whereby
the first tooth on the wheel or disc might in the rotation of that wheel or
dise come against the end in place of the side of a tooth on the stem of the
stamper, by which stoppage or injury of the parts would result, that tooth
has a stem, which is capable of sliding in or upon the wheel or disc, so as to
be capable of yielding when coming against the end of a tooth on the stem of
the stamper, by which it will escape such tooth, and then resume its proper
position to act against the next tooth of the stem. The other teeth on the
wheel or disc will then follow correctly. I prefer that the teeth of the stem
be arranged with their pitch line immediately over the centre of the stamper,
whereby a more direct lift will be obtained, and friction in the guides will be
lessened. I also prefer that there be teeth on each side of the stem of the
stamper, to be acted upon by similar teeth on a wheel or disc, or on a pair
of wheels or discs.
..
The guides or parts carrying the guides to the stamper stems are made

page_text: adjustable, so as to compensate for wear, and thereby preserve a correct
working relation between the teeth of the stem and those of the wheels or
discs. In place of the teeth being formed on or affixed to wheels or discs,
portions only of wheels or discs may be employed for that purpose.
But that the nature of my said Invention, and the means employed by me
in carrying the same into effect, may be fully understood, I will proceed to
locaribe the Drawing annexed
portions only of wheels or discs may be employed for that purpose.
But that the nature of my said Invention, and the means employed by me
in carrying the same into effect, may be fully understood, I will proceed to
describe the Drawing annexed
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a side view, Figure 2 an end view, and Figure 3 a
section, of apparatus arranged according to my improvements. Figures 4, 5,
and 6 are separate views of some of the parts in detail.
a, a, are the two side frames; b is the bottom or bed plate; and c, c, parts of
the framing, which at once serve to connect the side frames a, and as guides
to the stems of the stampers. They are formed dovetail at their ends c¹, c¹, and
are held in corresponding dovetail parts formed in the frames a by pieces of
metal d, d, which may be varied as desired to adjust the parts c, c, in order
to their correctly acting as guides to the stamper stems; e, e, are the stamper
heads, formed by preference of cast iron; but this may be varied according to
the substance to be crushed. These stamper heads are applied to wrought
iron or other suitable rods or stems e¹, e¹; and when these rods are of
wrought iron, I prefer to apply the heads by casting them thereon, in place
of their being cast separately and then attached, as they thereby become more
securely affixed, and a saving in expense in the use thereof is effected. Upon
the stems e¹, e¹, are applied the teeth e², which are taken into by the segments
of teeth f, affixed to the shaft g, which is carried by suitable bearings in the
side framings, as shown, and has motion given to it in the direction of the
arrow, by means of a strap or band from a steam engine or other suitable
power, acting upon the fixed pulley g', affixed on this shaft g; or motion
may be given to the shaft g by means of a handle in one of the arms of the
fly wheel g².
In the arrangement shown there are six stampers, but this number may
be varied, and the segments of teeth to the different stampers are arranged
to raise those stampers in succession, and thereby equalize the labor on
the shaft g.
The substance to be crushed is placed upon the plate of wrought metal or
other suitable material h, immediately under the stampers e, e, and these
stampers are lifted in succession by the teeth of the segments f, taking into
the teeth e, on the stems e¹, and they fall when the teeth f in the revolution

page_text: of the shaft g leave such of the teeth e³ as are last taken into by teeth f. As,
however, the quantity of matters being crushed is constantly varying in thickness
under the stamper heads, the position of the teeth e on the stems e¹ will be
constantly varying in relation to the teeth which first come into position to
lift a stamper, and there would be a constant tendency to breakage or injury
of the parts, as already referred to; I have therefore formed each of the
teeth which first come into operation capable of sliding inwards, and thus
yielding, in the event of their ends coming against one of the teeth e³ or not,
into correct working relation with such tecth e². Figures 4, 5, & 6 show
these parts more clearly. f is the loose tooth capable of sliding; it is
constantly borne outwards by the spring j, which is connected at one end to
the stem f of the tooth f', and at the other to the plate f³, affixed to the
segment of teeth f. This spring ; I by preference form of vulcanized india-
rubber, though this may be varied; and at Figure 7 I have shown another
arrangement of means for forcing out the teeth f'. In this case the stem of
the tooth has attached to it a pin i, which is acted upon by the lever k,
which is pressed on with an elastic tendency by the spring k¹. The first
tooth of each segment thus formed capable of yielding will, in the event of
its not coming correctly against one of the teeth e, be forced backwards by
such tooth e, and having passed that tooth e, it will be again borne out
by its spring into the space between that tooth and the next of such
teeth e, and it will then act upon that next tooth e, when the other teeth in
the segment will follow, lifting the stamper, and so on. And it is the
forming teeth f, capable of yielding under the circumstances referred to, and
of again assuming a working position, which constitutes the main feature of
my Invention.
I would here state, that although I have shown the stamper stems to have
pins (acting as teeth) projecting from the two sides of them taken into by two
segments of teeth f, this may be varied, and one segment of teeth may be
employed to act upon a rack or other suitable teeth, formed on or affixed to
each stamper stem. 1, 1, are plates turning upon axes for the purpose of
releasing the matters upon the surface h during the crushing. These plates I, 1,
are held by the handles, the lower end of which is retained in the catch m.
When the matters are desired to be released, the handles l are released from
the catch m. When the plates, by turning on the pins l, as shown by dotted
lines, admit of the matters freely coming away, I apply a piece of felt n
between the plate h and the bed, as shown.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the means
which I adopt for carrying the same into operation, I would have it understood

page_text: that I do not confine myself to the precise details shown and described, as these
may be varied; but what I do claim is, the mode of arranging, combining, and
working apparatus for crushing mineral and other substances, as herein
explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said William James Barsham, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
WILLIAM BROOKES,
Patent Agent,
78, Chancery Lane, London.
W. J. BARSHAM. (L.S.)