Improvements in or relating to Cycle Components.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Cycle Components.
We, JOHN WILLIAM HOLLAND, Engineer, of 10, Sparsholt Road, Crouch Hill, in the
County of Middlesex, and ARTHUR ANTHONY, Cycle Maker, of Hawthorn Villa,
Jeffcock Road, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows: -
This invention relates to cycle components, its object being their construction
by stamping and pressing in a manner which will obviate the expenditure upon
them of the large amount of fitting which would be necessitated were they castings
or stamping of the kinds hitherto usually adopted.
On
One of the improved constructions according to this invention is a fork crown
constructed in two parts, both of which are stamped on the flat with a central
collar to encircle the fork stem and with end portions which are afterwards bent
and pressed to jointly form sockets to receive the tops of the fork blades.
one or both of these portions perforated lugs may be formed to guide the brake
rod and receive one end of the mud guard. When the two protions are placed
together the central sockets on both portions meet end for end and form a collar
to encircle the fork tube, from opposite ends of which collar extend two bridges
each integral with its own end portions which engage or abut with the end portions
of the other bridge and may be brazed or otherwise secured together. Or the
crown may be divided across each part carrying one half of each of the projec-
tions or sockets. Or a separate tube or ferrule may be used to form the central
socket and join the two plates of the crown.
The back-fork end may be made by stamping and slotting a piece of sheet
metal with a central slot and semi-tubular channel or other shaped end and side
portions; the central slot is preferably bridged by two bars, and the metal is
folded over a line between these two bars so that the semi-tubular or channel
portions come together to form tubular lugs of the required cross section and
the two bridge bars meet and are arched to form a tubular collar to receive the
adjusting screw or "back adjustment" for the rear wheel axle, which passes
through the slot aforesaid. One or both of the side projections may have a
quadrant formed in one therewith for the purpose of having a portion of a dress
guard attached to it.
A lug for the top end of the back stay may be formed in like manner, that is
to say, constructed from a flat piece of metal with semi-tubular channel or other
shaped ends and with two holes formed in its central portion. When folded on
a transverse line between the two holes, the portions of the metal strip on each
side of the folding come alongside each other and the semi-tubular portions meet
to form a tube of the desired section to receive the upper end of the back stay,
whilst the two holes come together and the portions in which they are formed
meet, to form a projection suited for attachment to the lug on the body end of
the down tube. The seat pillar fastening may be similarly formed, but with the
necessary modifications for the reception of the forks and for tightening up.

page_text: A further sheet metal construction according to this invention is that of a body
or frame of a pedal, which is produced by folding bending or corrugating por-
tions of a metal sheet in such a manner that when folded about the middle the
corrugated portions come together, forming a body with a central tube to receive
the crank pin, ball races and pairs of flanges with recesses between them into
which rubber treads may be slipped, the space between the flanges being so
formed as to constitute a groove in which fits preferably a hardened dove-tail
on the rubber tread. The meeting ends of the corrugated plate may be secured
together by brazing or otherwise as may be desired, and plates may be brazed
or otherwise secured across the ends of the pedal body at right angles to the
crank pin.
If rat-trap pedals are desired, teeth may be readily made by striking up por-
tions of the corrugated metal plate, or rat-trap faces may be arranged to slide
into the grooves previously referred to as adapted also to receive rubber treads.
A brake clip according to this invention may be formed by stamping and
pressing sheet metal portions to constitute the two halves thereof, these halves at one
end being provided each with a tubular portion adapted to form one half of a
hinge divided and receive the central ferrule upon which they turn and which
forms a guide for the brake rod, the portions of the clip extending from the hinge,
being given an arch or semi-circular form to embrace the fork stem. If desired
spring, screw or other clamps may be secured upon the clip by screws and shaped
to engage both sides thereof to keep them in the same plane. A clip of this sort
may be opened out easily to go into place on the fork stem without suffering any
distortion such as results from opening out the ordinary spring clip.
Mud-guard fittings may be conveniently and cheaply formed according to this
invention. For instance the two small lugs by which the mud-guard stays are
held in place may each be made by forming holes in the opposite ends of a strip
of metal, bending that strip around a mandrel so that the two perforated portions
come together and a tubular loop remains at the opposite end of the lug, which
can be tapped to screw on to the end of the wire stay.
Similarly the mud-guard may be provided with one or more stampings, the
central portion of which can be fixed by screws to the interior or concave portion
of the mud-guard, the outer parts having wings which can be turned over to form
tubular loops and twisted and screw-threaded to receive the ends of the mud-
guard stays.
The mud-guard may be provided with a "palm" secured thereto by screws
and having an extension to bring it into a vertical plane for convenience for
attachment to or reception between the jaws of the brake clip or seat pillar lug.
Bottom brackets may be formed according to this invention by stamping them
out in two parts, the dividing line between which would come in a plane trans-
verse to the crank shaft, the other sockets on the bottom bracket being formed
as half-sockets, which become complete sockets when the two halves of the
bracket are placed together; where two sockets extend from the bracket in one
plane, the outer halves of the two sockets would be formed by stamping, and the
inner half of the portion of metal between them would be constituted by a filling
piece put in separately to bridge the gap, which would otherwise exist between
them. A ferrule or tube would be fitted into the two half brackets and secured
by brazing or otherwise.
Lugs at top and bottom of the head tube, or a complete head tube with top and
bottom lugs may be formed in like manner.
Dated this 28th day of Mo 1907

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Cycle Components.
We, JOHN WILLIAM HOLLAND, Engineer, of 10, Sparsholt Road, Crouch Hill, in the
County of Middlesex, and ARTHUR ANTHONY, Cycle Maker, of Hawthorn Villa,
Jeffcock Road, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to cycle components, its object being their construction
by stamping and pressing in a manner which will obviate the expenditure upon
them of the large amount of fitting which would be necessitated were they castings
or stampings of the kinds hitherto usually adopted.
One of the improved constructions according to this invention is a fork crown
constructed in two parts, both of which are stamped on the flat with a central
collar to encircle the fork stem and with end portions which are afterwards bent
and pressed to jointly form sockets to receive the tops of the fork blades. On
one or both of these portions perforated lugs may be formed to guide the brake
1od and receive one end of the mud guard. When the two portions are placed
together the central sockets on both portions meet end for end and form a collar
to encircle the fork tube, from opposite ends of which collar extend two bridges
each integral with its own end portions which engage or abut with the end portions
of the other bridge and may be brazed or otherwise secured together. Or the
crown may be divided across each part carrying one half of each of the projec-
tions or sockets. Or a separate tube or ferrule may be used to form the central
socket and join the two plates of the crown.
The back-fork end may be made by stamping and slotting a piece of sheet
metal with a central slot and semi-tubular channel or other shaped end and side
portions; the central slot is preferably bridged by two bars, and the metal is
folded over a line between these two bars so that the semi-tubular or channel
portions come together to form tubular lugs of the required cross section and
the two bridge bars meet and are arched to form a tubular collar to receive the
adjusting screw or "back adjustment" for the rear wheel axle, which passes
through the slot aforesaid. One or both of the side projections may have a
quadrant formed in one therewith for the purpose of having a portion of a dress
guard attached to it.
A lug for the top end of the back stay may be formed in like manner, that is
to say, constructed from a flat piece of metal with semi-tubular channel or other
shaped ends and with two holes formed in its central portion. When folded on
a transverse line between the two holes, the portions of the metal strip on each
side of the folding come alongside each other and the semi-tubular portions meet
to form a tube of the desired section to receive the upper end of the back stay,
whilst the two holes come together and the portions in which they are formed
meet, to form a projection suited for attachment to the lug on the body end of
the down tube. The seat pillar fastening may be similarly formed, but with the
necessary modifications for the reception of the forks and for tightening up.
A further sheet metal construction according to this invention is that of a body
or frame of a pedal, which is produced by folding bending or corrugating por-
tions of a metal sheet in such a manner that when folded about the middle the
corrugated portions come together, forming a body with a central tube to receive.
the crank pin, ball races and pairs of flanges with recesses between them into
which rubber treads may be slipped, the space between the flanges being so
formed as to constitute a groove in which fits preferably a hardened dove-tail

page_text: on the rubber tread. The meeting ends of the corrugated plate may be secured
together by brazing or otherwise as may be desired, and plates may be brazed
or otherwise secured across the ends of the pedal body at right angles to the
crank pin.
If rat-trap pedals are desired, teeth may be readily made by striking up. por-
tions of the corrugated metal plate, or rat-trap faces may be arranged to slide
into the grooves previously referred to as adapted also to receive rubber treads.
A brake clip according to this invention may be formed by stamping and
pressing sheet metal portions to constitute the two halves thereof, these halves at one
end being provided each with a tubular portion adapted to form one half of a
hinge divided and receive the central ferrule upon which they turn and which
forms a guide for the brake rod, the portions of the clip extending from the hinge,
being given an arch or semi-circular form to embrace the fork stem. If desired
spring, screw or other clamps may be secured upon the clip by screws and shaped
to engage both sides thereof to keep them in the same plane. A clip of this sort
may be opened out easily to go into place on the fork stem without suffering any
distortion such as results from opening out the ordinary spring clip.
Mud-guard fittings may be conveniently and cheaply formed according to this
invention. For instance the two small lugs by which the mud-guard stays are
held in place may each be made by forming holes in the opposite ends of a strip
of metal, bending that strip around a mandrel so that the two perforated portions
come together and a tubular loop remains at the opposite end of the lug, which
can be tapered to screw on to the end of the wire stay.
Similarly the mud-guard may be provided with one or more stampings, the
central portion of which can be fixed by screws to the interior or concave portion
of the mud-guard, the outer parts having wings which can be turned over to form
tubular loops and twisted and screw-threaded to receive the ends of the mud-
guard stays.
The mud-guard may be provided with a "palm "secured thereto by screws
and having an extension to bring it into a vertical plane for convenience for
attachment to or reception between the jaws of the brake clip or seat pillar lug.
Bottom brackets may be formed according to this invention by stamping them
out in two parts, the dividing line between which would come in a plane trans-
verse to the crank shaft, the other sockets on the bottom bracket being formed
as half-sockets, which become complete sockets when the two halves of the
bracket are placed together; where two sockets extend from the bracket in one
plane, the outer halves of the two sockets would be formed by stamping, the
inner half of the portion of metal between them would be constituted by a filling
piece put in separately to bridge the gap, which would otherwise exist between
them. A ferrule or tube would be fitted into the two half brackets and secured
by brazing or otherwise.
Lugs at top and bottom of the head tube, or a complete head tube with top and
bottom lugs may be formed in like manner.
Examples of the construction of cycle components according to this invention
are illustrated in the accompanying drawings,
Figures 1, 2 and 3 show one construction of a two part fork crown
Figure 1 being a plan and elevation of one part.
Figure 2 a plan and elevation of the other and
Figure 3 an elevation of the complete crown in position
Figure 3 is a plan of Figure 3.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate alternative constructions of fork crown
Figure 6 shows a stamping for a back fork end in its flat and
Figure 7 the same in its shaped condition.
Figure 8 shows the same when folded
Figures 9, 10 & 11 are views similar to Figs. 6, 7 & 8 respectively of an
alternative construction of back fork end

page_text: top lug
Figure 13 illustrates an alternative construction of back stay lug,
Figure 14 gives perspective views of several alternative constructions of the
ends of a back stay lug,
Figures 15 and 16 illustrate a construction of pedal
Figure 17 shows a brake clip opened out
Figure 18 shows a plan of the same closed
Figure 19 shows a set of three mud-guard fittings
Figure 20, 21 and 22 are end elevation, plan and longitudinal section res-
pectively of a bottom bracket
Figures 23 and 24 are elevation and plan respectively of a seat pillar fastening,
Figures 25 and 26 are views similar to Figures 23 and 24 of an alternativo con
struction: Figure 26 shows a further alternative
Figures 27 and 28 are an elevation and plan respectively of a head tube and
lugs and
'
Figures 29 and 30 are an elevation and plan respectively of an alternative con-
struction of head tube and lug parts being in section.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings. The two part crown
shown in Figs. 1, 2 & 3 comprises a portion A and a portion Beach of which
has a central raised collar A¹ B¹, and two end portions or wings A² 12 of a curved
form in plan the wings A3 having their convex sides turned inwards i.e. towards
the collar A and the wings B³ their concave sides turned inwards thus forming
tubes for the fork blades when placed in position as seen in Figure 3, each tube
being formed partly of a wing A³ and partly of a wing B2. The two raised
portions A¹ B' meet and form a collar to encircle the fork tube C. The wings on
one piece A or B may be brazed or otherwise secured to those on the other. Either
or both of the pieces A and B may be formed with perforated or other projections
such as are shown at a¹, a² forming a brake rod guide and mud-guard attach-
ment respectively.
In the construction illustrated in Fig. 4 each of the pieces shown at A and B
in Figs. 1-3 is divided vertically into two portions being formed of two similar
stampings A³ ³. The central collar B is thus made of two halves and the two
stampings B3 are held together by a flanged plate B the collar B being turned
upwards through a central orifice B in this plate and the parts fitting within the
flange B on it are thus secured in juxtaposition. The two halves of the central
collar A pass inside the fork or steering tube C and a plate A* having a central
orifice A5 and flange A6 secures the stampings A³ together in a manner similar
to that by which the plate B secures the stampings B3 but has preferably upward
sidewings in addition.
The construction illustrated in Fig. 5 differs from those already described in
having a tube C¹ in the place of the collars A B which are there dispensed with.
The remainder of the construction may be either as in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 as shown
or as in Fig. 4.
The back fork end stamping shown in Figs. 6 & 7 has a semi-tubular end
portion D₁ of which an end view is shown at and a channelled portion D2 of
which is an end view. The metal is bent twice through a right angle at D³ as
shown in Fig. 8. Projections D4, D5 in shape similar to the ends D¹, D³ re-
spectively are formed on one edge of the stamping and a quadrant as shown at D6
Figs. 9-10 may be added to form an attachment for a dress-guard. A central
slot D' is made in the stamping or as preferred three slots as seen in Fig. 9 so as
to leave bridges d.
The stamping is folded about the line 8-8 the ends coming together forming a
D shaped socket for the chain-stay end and the projections D³ D5 a similar socket
for the back stay end.
By adopting the alternative construction of ends shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11,
the cutting through of the metal which occurs at d³ in Figs. 6 and 7 is avoided.

page_text: In this construction a further deviation from Figs. 7 and 8 is in the turned over
edges of the end D₁ and the narowing of the end D³ to fit between these edges
when bent up. Instead of the projections D4 D5 ears D8 are employed to which
the back stay may be secured by a lug.
Several constructions of such a lug according to this invention are shown at E
in Figs. 12, 13 and 14.
That shown in Fig. 12 is similar to that of the ends of the fork-end stamping
shown in Fig. 10 the stamping being bent up to form the semi-tubular end E¹
and then folded about the line e-e to bring the ends together. This construc-
tion is suitable for very ductile metal as there is no cutting of the metal along the
edges e¹.
The construction shown in Fig. 13 can be readily carried out with comparatively
thick non-ductile metal, the metal being cut through at 2.
Various methods of shaping the ends are shown in Fig. 14 in which the ends
of the several constructions are clearly shown.
Figs. 15 and 16 show a construction of pedal illustrating the method of this
invention.
A piece of sheet metal is stamped to the shape shown at G1 in Fig. 15 and
folded about the line - thus producing the pedal body shown at G2 the ends
of the stamping being brazed or otherwise united at 2. Rubber or rat-trap
treads G³ may then be slid in and end plates G and bearings G5 and pin Ge fitted
as shown in Fig. 16. Instead of inserting rubber or rat-trap treads in the dove-
tailed recesses g' formed by the ridges ³ teeth 95 may be struck up from the
portions of the metal in those recesses thus forming a rat-trap tread and the
ridges may then be dispensed with, or the ridges may be retained and
the teeth formed on them.
The brake clip illustrated in Figs. 17 and 18 is formed of two similar
stampings H¹ one end of each of which is folded around and embraces a tube or
ferrule H which receives the brake-rod and forms a hinge pin about which the
stampings may turn. Each stamping is bowed in the middle at H³ to enable the
ends H to be brought together when a tube is gripped between the pieces H¹.
Holes H5 may be provided for a bolt or other clamping device and a bolt or other
clamping device is preferably applied at H6 to strengthen the clip. In Fig. 19
L is a mudguard stav lug shown in perspective, the tubular loop L¹ being prefer-
ably tapped to receive the screwed end of the mudguard stay; the mudguard
saddle L is provided with two similarly tapped loops L¹; the "palm" L³ is self
explanatory the extension 73 being intended for attachment to or reception between
the jaws of a brake clip or seat pillar lug.
The construction of bottom bracket M shown in Figs. 20 to 22 consists of two
similar sheet metal stampings M¹ each having semi-tubular projections M³, M³,
M, and each being bent to form a cylindrical tube.
When placed in position as in Fig. 20 the two projections M* together form a
socket for the bottom tube, the projections M³ a socket for the seat pillar tube and
each of the projections M' one half of a socket for one of the bottom stays. These
sockets for the bottom stays are completed by a bridging piece N having side
or wing portions N¹ which close the open side of the projections M4, the base N
of the bridge forming a cover to the opening M5 left in the body of the bracket
by the formation of the projections M. A small curved indentation Ns is made
in the edge of the bridge base N to complete the formation of the socket for the
seat pillar tube. The two stampings are secured together in position by means
of rivets through the lugs and webs m², & m³, and the parts including the bridge N
may then be brazed or soldered together.
A liner or split tube M6 is preferably inserted in the tube formed by the two
stampings M¹, and within the liner are the ball races M7 M8 the latter being
adjustable in any well known manner but preferably by means of the pinion and
rack m², m operated by the milled head m³. When the adjustment has been

page_text: effected the parts can be clamped by drawing the lugs m¹ together by means of
the bolts m³.
A seat pillar fastening P according to this invention is shown in Figs. 23
and 24. This fastening is formed of a sheet metal stamping having two semi-
tubular ends which when brought together form the tube P¹ the metal being bent
to form at its centre a tubular portion P³, and also two D shaped tubular
portions P3 intermediate of the portions P¹ and Pa. The portions P³ are intended
for the reception of the ends of the back stays and the portion P³ for the seat pillar
tube, while the portion P¹ may be inserted in the top tube of the diamond frame
of a cycle. This last may be brazed along the line 15 where the edges of the two
half tubes meet.
In the alternative construction illustrated in Figs. 25 and 26 the tube P¹ is
formed in one piece the edges of which meet along the line P5 and the tube P2 is
formed of two halves each of which is an extension from the sides of the tube P¹.
These extensions form also the tubular portions P³. The edges of the tube P³
are provided with lugs or ears P' by which they may be clamped together with
suitable bolts. In the alternative construction shown in 26 the two side tubes P³
are dispensed with and an additional tubular portion P7 is formed for the recep-
tion of a tube to the lower end of which it is intended to secure a fork crown
preferably of the construction hereinbefore described. Between this fork crown
and the hind wheel two back stays of the ordinary construction can be inserted.
Figures 27-30 illustrate two constructions of head tube and lug according to
this invention.
As shown in Figures 27 and 28 the tube and lug are all formed of one piece
the four half lugs R2 being stamped to their semi-cylindrical shape from the flat
and the tube R formed by bending the stamping round a mandrel. The edges
thus brought together at R5 may be brazed or otherwise secured together. The edges
of the half lugs R² are preferably scarfed as shown at Rand brazed together. Cups
for the top or bottom ball races or cones are shown at R¹.
In the construction shown in Figures 29 and 30 lugs R8 are formed separate
from the tube R' this latter being formed with holes through which the lugs are
passed from the inside, the edges of the tube being united by a fold shown at R7.
This fold is exaggerated in the drawing for the sake of clearness.
The lugs Rs are shown in section and are secured in position by a flange R10
which may be rivetted or brazed or both, to the tube.
Some of the details of the construction of the several components illustrated
in the accompanying drawings may be obviously varied without departing from
the spirit of this invention; for example other forms of ends than those illustrated
in Fig. 14 may be employed in the construction of a lug according to this inven-
tion, and the number, or size of the bridges of the slot 17 in the fork-end shown
in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 may be varied as desired, and this invention is not confined
to the exact constructions illustrated and described but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we
are aware that stampings of sheet metal have been used in the construction of
cycle components and we do not claim such broadly but what we claim is:-
1. A fork crown for the steering tube of a cycle or the like formed of a stamping
such as A with or without a collar A¹ integral with the stamping having side
wings such as A2 and a stamping such as B with or without a central collar B¹
integral with the stamping and having side wings such as B2 which in combina-
tion with the wings A2 form tubes for the fork blades substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. A fork crown for the steering tube of a cycle or the like formed of two stamp-
ings such as A, B, having wings such as A2, B2, and a central tube C¹ substantially
as described and illustrated in Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings.
3. A fork crown for the steering tube of a cycle or the like comprising two or

page_text: more stampings such as A³ in combination with a retaining plate such as A* or
two or more stampings such as B³ in combination with a retaining plate such as B*
or both substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a fork crown for the steering tube of a cycle or the like the combination
with a stamping such as A or B of a perforated projection such as a¹ or of a per-
forated projection such as. a² or both substantially as and for the purpose described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. A fork end for a cycle or the like made substantially as described from sheet
metal in one piece.
6. A fork end for a cycle or the like such as is claimed in Claim 5 having
portions such as D D5 or D8 with or without a dress-guard quadrant such as D6
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7. A lug such as E for the end of a stay in a cycle or the like made in one piece
from sheet metal substantially as described.
8. A lug for the end of a stay in a cycle or the like formed of a stamping such
as E having a semi-tubular end such as E' and a channel or other shaped end E³
adapted to close the open side of the end E' when the stamping is folded.
9. A pedal for a cycle or the like having a frame or body" formed of a
stamping such as G¹ with or without recesses such as substantially as described
and illustrated.
10. A brake clip for a cycle or the like formed of two stampings such as H¹
each having a central curved portion H³ and one end folded round and rotatably
retained by a tube or ferrule such as H³ substantially as described and illustrated.
11. A sheet metal mudguard fitting for a cycle or the like such as L or L² or L³
substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
12. A bearing bracket for a cycle or the like formed of two sheet metal stamp-
ings such as M¹ having one or more semi-tubular projections M2 or M³ or M4
substantially as and for the purpose described.
13. In a bearing bracket for a cycle or the like the combination with two sheet
metal stampings such as M¹ each having a projection to form one portion of a
bottom stay socket of a bridge piece such as N having two projections to form the
remaining portions of the sockets substantially as described.
14. A seat pillar fastening such as P for a cycle or the like having tubular
portions P1 P2 and P3 for the purpose described all formed in one piece of sheet
metal.
15. A seat pillar fastening such as P for a cycle or the like having tubular
portions P1 P2 and P7 for the purpose described all formed in one piece of sheet
metal.
16. The combination with a head tube for a cycle or the like formed from one
piece of sheet metal of one or more flanged lugs such as R8 substantially as
described.
17. The respective cycle components substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.