IMPROVE- MENTS IN KILNS FOR FIRING PORCELAIN AND OTHER WARE
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN KILNS FOR FIRING PORCELAIN AND OTHER WARE."-A commu-
nication from abroad by François Durand, of Paris, France.
Sealed the 8th December 1865, and dated the 10th June 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th June 1865.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS FOR FIRING PORCELAIN AND OTHER WARE," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention is to construct kilns in which the firing of
porcelain and other ware is performed in a much shorter time than heretofore
and in a more perfect manner.
I construct within the lower circumference of the kiln an annular fire-
place, and I build in the centre of the kiln a second fire-place in the form of
a column divided off from the kiln. These two fire-places are charged with
fuel, and the saggars or ceramic products are placed in the annular space
between them; lateral passages are formed from the fire-places to this
space to allow contact of the flame and the products of combustion with the

page_text: saggars. The charging of the fuel and the saggars or ceramic products is
performed through a door at the side of the kiln. When the central fire-
place is charged I close it by a plate to cause the heat to escape only by the
lateral passages. After the charging of the fire-places and the arranging of
the ceramic products the side door is luted. Below the kiln is a circular
chamber into which the attendant can descend to get at the fire-places. This
chamber is provided with doors to regulate the communication of the external
air with the interior of the kiln. Sight holes for allowing the progress of the
operation to be watched are fitted in the ordinary manner, and the passage of
air necessary for combustion is regulated by doors or dampers. The kiln is
divided horizontally above the fire-places, the partition being provided with
openings for the passage of the flame. In the space above this partition I
place products which are to receive a first degree of firing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th December 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Flect Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time, and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN KILNS FOR FIRING PORCELAIN AND OTHER
WARE," (communicated to me from abroad by François Durand, of Paris,
France), upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same was to be performed, and. cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the. said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is to construct kilns in which the firing of
porcelain and other ware is performed in a much shorter time than heretofore
and in a more perfect manner.
I construct within the lower circumference of the kiln an annular fire-
place, and I build in the centre of the kiln a second fire-place in the form of a
column divided off from the kiln. These two fire-places are charged with
fuel and the saggars or ceramic products are placed in the annular space
between them; lateral passages are formed from the fire-places to this
space to allow contact of the flame and products of combustion with the
saggars.
The accompanying Drawing is a vertical section of a kiln constructed
according to this Invention.
a is an annular fire-place constructed within the lower circumference of
the kiln; is another fire-place built in the centre of the kiln. The saggars
or ceramic products to be fired are placed in the annular space c between the
fire-places a and b; lateral passages are formed as shewn from the fire-places
to the space c for the purpose before stated. The charging of the fuel and
the saggars or ceramic products is performed through a door at the side of the
kiln. When the central fire-place b is charged I close it by a plate to cause
the heat to escape only by the lateral passages. After the charging of the
fire-places and the arranging of the ceramic products the side door is luted.
Below the kiln is a circular chamber d into which the attendant can descend
by steps e to get at the fire-places. This chamber is provided with doors f, f,
to regulate the communication of the external air with the interior of the
kiln. Sight holes for allowing the progress of the operation to be watched
are fitted in the ordinary manner, and the passage of air necessary for com-
bustion is regulated by doors or dampers. The kiln is divided horizontally
above the fire-places as shewn, the partition being provided with openings Y
for the passage of the flame. In the space Z above this partition I place
products which are to receive a first degree of firing.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim constructing
kilns for firing porcelain and other ware with an annular fire-place and a
central fire-place, substantially as herein-before described and represented in
the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)