IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE FOR COATING SHIPS BOTTOMS AND FOR AN INSECTICIDE FOR AGRICULTURAL PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Godson Little of Doncaster in the County of
York and Benjamin Nickels of 104 Leadenhall Street in the City of
London, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE
FOR COATING SHIPS BOTTOMS AND FOR AN INSECTICIDE FOR AGRICULTURAL
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Godson Little and
Benjamin Nickels at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
2nd January 1882.
WILLIAM GODSON LITTLE of Doncaster in the County of York and BENJAMIN
NICKELS of 104 Leadenhall Street in the City of London "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE FOR COATING SHIPS BOTTOMS AND FOR AN INSECTICIDE
FOR AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL PURPOSES"
"
This Invention has for its object the preparation of compounds to be used as a
dressing or "Antifoul" for ships bottoms, and of compounds suitable for uso
generally as a Germifuge" or "Insecticide" for agricultural and horticultural
purposes.
28
For these purposes we employ the substance known as Acridine, obtained from
heavy tar oils and products resulting from the distillations of coal tar, either solid
or in a concentrated form, or in admixture with its associated oils or such portions
of tar oils that may be rich in acridine.
According to the special purpose to which applied we make use of acridine
either in its solid and basic condition or as a chromate, in which state it is
practically insoluble in water or in its oily or crude form as associated with more
or less tar oils in which state it is also practically insoluble in water or as a salt
such as the sulphate and hydrochlorate in which state it is freely soluble in
water. In whichever state the acridine is employed we combine it in the case of
dressings for ships' bottoms with rosin or resinous substances, pitch or asphalte
and when desired with drying oils stearine or other fatty matters, either alone or
in combination with the aforesaid substances.

page_text: Admixtures of a suitable character may be formed as follows:-Crude acridine
alone or in admixture with associated
Heavy tar oils
95°/
Admixtures of a suitable character may be formed as follows:-Crude acridine
alone or in admixture with associated
Heavy tar oils
Rosin
Boiled or drying oil
Crude acridine as in the preceeding
Pitch or asphalte
Rosin
Crude acridine as in the preceeding
Rosin
Stearine
-
25°/
67
"
-
S
"
40°
-
30
"
-
30
"
->
20%
-
54
""
20"
The mixtures may be made by melting the rosin or resinous substances and
incorporating the remaining ingredients.
We do not however confine ourselves to the precise proportions herein named as
other proportions may be used. If the acridine is employed in a solid or moro
concentrated for less quantities will suffice.
The mixtures or compounds may be applied to the surface to be coated in its
melted condition or thinned down by any convenient hydrocarbon fluid of a
drying nature, such as coal oil naphthas, or rosin spirit, added for greater facility
in applying.
In preparing compounds for agricultural or horticultural purposes we combine
acridine either in its solid or more concentrated form or in its crude state as
associated with more or less heavy tar oils, with gypsum, chalk or other such
like absorbent, and in which form it may be used as a dressing, or otherwise
applied.
In place of acridine, crude or concentrated, the salts of acridine such as the
sulphate and hydrochlorate may be used.
When required in a soluble condition and in order to be applied as a wash, we
take the salts of acridine herein named and which are freely soluble in water, or
in the case of soap washes, we take the crude acridine in admixture with associated
heavy tar oils and render the same soluble in water by aid of resinous substances
and alkali or resinous substances and oleato of potass.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said William Godson Little and Benjamin Nickels in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th June 1882.
WILLIAM GODSON LITTLE of Doncaster in the County of York and BENJAMIN
NICKELS of 104 Leadenhall Street in the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COMPOSITIONS SUITABLE FOR COATING SHIPS BOTTOMS AND FOR AN INSECTICIDE
FOR AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL PURPOSES "
This Invention has for its object the preparation of compounds to be used as a
dressing or "Antifoul" for ships' bottoms, and of compounds suitable for use
generally as a "Germifuge" or Insecticide" for agricultural and horticultural
purposes.
"
For these purposes we employ the substance known as Acridine obtained from
heavy tar oils and products resulting from the distillations of coal tar, either solid
or in a concentrated form, or in admixture with its associated oils or such portions
of tar oils that may be rich in acridine.
According to the special purpose to which applied, we make use of acridine
either in its solid and basic condition, or as a chromate, in which state it is
practically insoluble in water, or in its oily or crude form as associated with more
or less tar oils in which state it is also practically insoluble in water, or as a salt
such as the sulphate, and hydrochlorate in which state it is freely soluble in water.
In whichever state the acridine is employed we combine it, in the case of dressings
for ships bottoms with Rosin or resinous substances, Pitch, or asphalte, and when
desired with drying oils, stearine or other fatty matters, either alone or in combi-
nation with the aforesaid substances. .
Admixtures of a suitablo character may be formed as follows, crude acridine,
alone or in admixture with associated.
Heavy tar oils
Rosin
Boiled or drying oil
25%
07 »
8,
40
"
Crude acridine as in the preceding
Pitch or asphalte
-
30
"
-
-
30
"
Rosin
Crude acridine as in the preceding
20
"
54 ">
Rosin
Stearine
26"
The mixtures may be made by melting the Rosin or Resinous substances and
incorporating the remaining ingredients.
Wo do not however confine ourselves to the precise proportions herein named as
other proportions may be used. If the Acridine is employed in a solid or more
concentrated form less quantities will suffice.
The mixtures or compounds may be applied to the surface to be coated in its
melted condition, or thinned down by any convenient hydro-carbon fluid of a
drying nature, such as coal oil naphthas, or rosin spirit, added for greater facility
in applying.
In preparing compounds for agricultural or horticultural purposes we combine
acridine either in its solid or more concentrated form or in its crude state, as
associated with more or less heavy tar oils, with gypsum, chalk, or other such like
absorbent, and in which form it may be used as a dressing, or otherwise applied.
In place of acridine, crude, or concentrated, the salts of acridine such as the
sulphate and hydrochlorate, may be used.

page_text: When required in a soluble condition, and in order to be applied as a wash, we
take the salts of acridine herein named, and which are freely soluble in water,
or in the case of soap washes, we take the crude acridine, in admixture with
associated heavy tar oils and render the same soluble in water by aid of resinous
substances and alkali or resinous substances and oleate of potass.
As a soap dressing for plants the following composition is very suitable.
100 Tha vo
لحم
100 166 HOUR
62
وو
rosin
50 oleate of Potash
"
"
33 caustic Soda solution of a strength 5 pure caustic soda to 20 parts
water (or caustic Potash if desired).
To the above is added 30 lbs of acridine.
The method of preparing the acridine soap is as follows:-
Mix together the resin oil and acridine in a suitable vessel add the rosin and
warm the whole till fluid add then the oleate of potash stirring gently and
finally the caustic soda or potash solution.
If pure acridine is employed free from tar oils, about 5 lbs of commercial
creosote or other suitable solvent should be added to it to cause it to dissolve in
the resinous matter.
Emulsions in water may be made with caustic soda or potash; say with.
Rosin oil soda or potash solution and acridine in the proportions stated above.
Or with Rosin-soda or potash and acridine.
Or with Rosin oil-Oleate of potash Soda or potash solution and acridine.
Or with Rosin-Olente of potash Soda or potash solution and acridine.
But we prefer the composition which contains all the ingredients.
Acridine may be mixed with ordinary hard soap.
For a dry disinfecting powder from one to ten per cent. of acridine is mixed
with gypsum chalk or other such like absorbents.
For horticultural purposes the soap may be conveniently mixed with from
50 to 150 parts of cold or luke warm water and applied with a syringe or
garden hose.
The same applies to the salts but it is preferable to use them more dilute
as the quantity of acridine they contain is higher, say from 200 parts of water
to 1000.
The powder should be applied with a dredging box or ordinary pepper box in
the same way as gardeners apply flowers of sulphur.
For dressing seed corn the soap or salt should be mixed with a suitable
proportion of water and mixed with the corn with a shovel in the ordinary way
after which a little lime may be added to prevent clogging in the drill
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the manner
of performing the same we would have it understood that our compositions
differ from other compositions which have been employed for like purposes in that
they contain acridine either in its basic condition or combined, What we claim is
our improved compositions suitable for coating ships' bottoms and for an insecticide
for agricultural and horticultural purposes substantially as described.
In witness whereof I the said Benjamin Nickels have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Twenty eighth day of June in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.