Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th May, 1895-Accepted, 15th June, 1895
A communication by GEBRUDER A. & O. HUFF, of 11, Johanniterstrasse, Berlin,
in the Empire of Germany, Cork Purveyors.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of The Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, 118 New Street, Birmingham in
the County of Warwick and 31 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same 18 to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The burner which forms the object of this invention 18 80 arranged that
1st. The heavy hydrocarbons undergo a superheating immediately after their
conversion into vapour, whereby simultaneously the least volatile constituents of
the oil are entirely converted into gas.
2nd. The air mixed with the superheated gases before their combustion 18 very
greatly heated.
The result of these technical effects is a very clear illuminating and smokeless
flame with an extremely rational utilization of the fuel. The formation of residual
drops and the therewith connected troublesome dropping off hitherto arising in all
the open burners previously employed for heavy hydrocarbons, 16 by this means
entirely avoided. The above mentioned technical effects are attained,
1stly By an annular passage being connected with the evaporating passage played
on by the flames, which annular passage is arranged in the centre of the hottest zone,
so that an absolutely complete conversion into gas and also a superheating of the
vapour and gas is offected.
2ndly. By the mixing chamber being carried through the middle of the
superheating passage lying in the centre of the greatest heat.
The apparatus may be constructed in various ways
are shown in the accompanying drawings.
Three forms of construction
In the huner shown in vertical section, plan and elevation respectively in
Figures 1, 2 and 3, the liquid fuel passes first into a passage or pipe c (which is
played on by the illuminating part a of the flames, and is closed at one end near
the supply pipe) and is her ovaporated, the vapour passing then through a pipe d
(which communicates only at one end with the passage c) into a chamber e which
is arranged in the form of a ing close over the head of the burner and within the
aame zone which is heated by the blue part b of the flames and thus is very highly
heated.
The heating of the annular chamber e may be further increased by covering the
same with a plate p which prevents any free adiation of the bent to the outside.
The vapou or gas is consequently superheated in the annular chamber e and flows
then, with an increased pressure corresponding to this superheating, through one
arm of a bent pipe g towards an exit opening which is situated in the knee or
bend of the same, in the centre, and is there driven to a nixing chamber which
passes through the middle of the aunular chamber e and produces a strong
raught. The second arm of the curved tube y is closed against the annulai
chamber e.

page_text: The air drawn into the apparatus undergoes a preliminary heating on the walls
of the highly heated mixing chamber, so that a complete combustion of the gases
which are in themselves superheated, is greatly facilitated. This is shown by the
fact that the flames passing out of the holes of the head of the burner have a blue
point flame inside.
In order in the case of a stronger draught to prevent any cooling of the super-
heated gases in the annular chamber e during then passage through the pipe g
which is less exposed to the heat of the flame, aud simultaneously to avoid a cooling
of the upper pait of the mixing chamber, a hood is preferably placed over it;
as shown in Figures 1 and 3. The foot of this protective hood k fits on the
plate p, which may also directly form the bottom plate of the hood. In order to
hold the hood firmly on the burner, tongues n Figure 3, are stamped out of the
sides of the hood or cover, which tongues have such a spring action that the hood
or cover may thereby be held fast on the two arms of the tube g The top of the
hood consists of a wie sieves, through which the air flows being strongly drawn
in by the gas jet which emerges from 4 and is blown into the mixing chambor i.
A warm space is thus constantly maintained round the mixing chamber and the
pipo g by means of the hood k, which entirely prevents the radiation of the con-
ductible warmth from the middle parts in question, and thus secures the maintenance
of the gas pressure produced in the superheating chamber, which is of importance
for maintaining a combustion thoroughly free from drops.
In the form of construction shown in vertical section, plan and elevation
respectively in Figures 4, 5 and 6, the evaporating passage c is replaced by a flat
chamber clying close under the head of the burner, and therefore sufficiently
heated for producing the evaporation, from which chamber the vapour or gas
passes again through the lower part g' of the one arm of the curved or beat tube
to the annular superheating chambei e (which is again arranged in the hottest
zone) in order after the superheating has taken place, to flow through the part g
of the second arm of the curved tube to the central discharge opening h lying over
the mixing chamber: The at rangement of the mixing chamber and the protective
hood is the same as hereinbefore described.
l.
In the third modification of the burner shown in vertical section, plan and elevation
respectively in Figures 7, 8 and 9, the annular superheating chamber e' serves
simultaneously as the chamber for the formation of the gas. For this object, the
annular chamber e arranged close over the flame in the bottest zone of the same
round the burner bead is suitably widened in proportion to the supply pipe
The superheated vapour and gases again flow through the one arm of the loop
pipe to the discharge opening h, and pass as herein before described into the
central mixing chamber which again is enclosed together with the bent pipe g in
a protective bood A.
The burner head itself is provided at its lower end with a pan-like attachment m
for the object of rapidly heating the burner, on which attachment an easily
evaporating fuel, such for instance na spirit, is poured. In the form of burner
shown in Figures 4 and 6, this pan is formed directly by the upper wall of the case
containing tho evaporating chamber c¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertamed the nature of the sand
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is-
1. A burner for heavy hydrocarbons consisting of a pipe (c Figures 1-3) or a
chamber (c', Figures 4-6) heated by the flame for converting the vapour into gas,
au aunalar chamber e connected therewith and arranged centrally in the hottest
zune of the flame for superheating, a mixing chamberi arianged in the centre of
the annular chamber e and a pipe g communicating with the superheating chamber,
and provided with an opening from which the superheated gases are blown into
the mixing chamber i substantially as described and illustrated.
2. In a burner for heavy hydrocarbons, such as described in Claim 1, the

page_text: arrangement of a hood or cover enclosing the mixing chamber and the
discharge pipe g and protecting the same from cooling substantially as described
and illustrated.
3. In a burner for heavy hydrocarbons, such as described in Claim 1, the
combination of the gas producing chamber with the superheating chamber to form
a single annular chamber e, the cross section of which is larger than that of the
supply pipe substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 8th day of May 1895.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.