TÆDRAVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WINDOWS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Philipson, of the Borough and County of
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Coach Manufacturer, and a Member of the
Firm of Messrs. Atkinson & Philipson, Coach Manufacturers, for
the Invention of "TÆDRAVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WINDOWS
"
the Invention of "TMDDANEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WINDOWS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Philipson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th September 1870.
I, JOHN PHILIPSON, of the Borough and County of Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, Coach Manufacturer, and a Member of the Firm of Messrs.
Atkinson and Philipson, Coach Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE WINDOWS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in carriage windows
to prevent them rattling or making any noise, and at the same time to
dispense with putting on either velvet or cloth, which is expensive, and

page_text: liable owing to the washing of the carriage to come off the window
frame.
According to my Invention I construct the ordinary frame for the
glass to be placed in, which frame may be of wood, or metal, or other
suitable material, and I affix to the frame at its corners small cushions
of leather or india-rubber, and then varnish or gold size it or coat it with
india-rubber or other adhesive substance, and when the varnish or gold
size or adhesive material is nearly dry sprinkle it over with flock, or some
like material, and repeat the same two or three times. After the frame
is put together and the glass inserted I again do the whole surface of
the frame with a further coat of varnish or adhesive material and flock,
and thus prevent any joints whatever being observed. The result
obtained is a covering of the frame most closely resembling cloth, and
at the same time of a soft material. The elastic cushions at the corners
also prevent any noise or rattling of the window. The covering is also
totally impervious to water, and is not liable to come off the frame. It
also prevents the frame, if it be of wood, from swelling and getting
tight in the grooves, and causing difficulty to pull the window up and
down.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Philipson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th March 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
PHILIPSON, of the Borough and County of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Coach
Manufacturer, and a Member of the Firm of Messrs. Atkinson &
Philipson, Coach Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Philipson, Her special licence that I,
the said John Philipson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said John Philipson, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within

page_text: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE
WINDOWS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Philipson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Philipson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement thereof, that is to say:—
This Invention has for its object improvements in carriage windows
to prevent them rattling or making any noise, and at the same time to
dispense with putting on either velvet or cloth, which is expensive, and
liable owing to the washing of the carriage to come off the window
frame.
According to
my Invention I construct the ordinary frame for the glass
to be placed in. This frame may be of wood, or metal, or other suitable
material. I affix to the frame at its corners, or it may be at other parts
of the frame, small cushions of leather or india-rubber, and then varnish
or gold size it or coat it with india-rubber or other adhesive substance,
and when the varnish or gold size or adhesive material is nearly dry
sprinkle it over with flock or some like material, and repeat the same
two or three times. After the frame is put together and the glass
inserted I again do the whole surface of the frame with a further coat
of varnish or adhesive material and flock, and thus prevent any joints
whatever being observed. The result obtained is a covering of the frame
most closely resembling cloth, and at the same time of a soft material.
The elastic cushions at the corners also prevent any noise or rattling of
the window. The covering is also totally impervious to water, and is
not liable to come off the frame. It also prevents the frame, if it be of
wood, from swelling and getting tight in the grooves, and causing
difficulty to pull the window up and down.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe more fully the manner in which I prefer to carry the same into
effect

page_text: The frame of a carriage window I prefer to make as usual, and before
putting the frame together I coat the separate parts by preference with
varnish or gold size, and when the varnish or size is nearly dry I sprinkle
it over with flock; by preference a woollen flock, such as is produced
when shearing cloth or other short fibrous material, may be employed.
When the varnish or size is dry I repeat the operation two or three times
as above described. The frame is then put together and the glass
inserted. Afterwards a fresh coating of size or varnish is given to
the frame, and flock applied over it. All the joints are thus covered
over.
In the Drawings hereunto annexed I have shown various forms of
elastic cushion such as I prefer to apply to the frames of carriage windows
which are covered with flock as above described.
In the Drawings No. 1, a represents a front view of one of the elastic
cushions; c represents a back view, and e an edge view of the same;
b, d, f, and h represent respectively a top, bottom, edge, and end view of
the piece of vulcanized india-rubber forming part of the elastic cushion;
g and i represent a side and edge view of a leather band by which the
india-rubber is surrounded. The form of the several parts composing
the elastic cushion and the manner in which they are put together is
clearly shown by the Drawings, so that it is unnecessary to give any
further description of them.
In the Drawings No. 2 another way of constructing the elastic cushion
is shown. a, c, and e show the cushion frame; b, d, f, and g the
india-rubber cushion; h, the leather band; and i, a rivet to secure the
band.
C,
Another form of elastic cushion is shown in Drawings No. 3.
a, b,
and d show the cushion frame and the leather band, and e and f the
india-rubber cushion.
The Drawings No. 4 show two carriage window frames having the
above forms of elastic cushion applied to them. At 1 is shown the
application of cushion No. 1; at 2 the application of cushion No. 2;
at 3 various positions in which cushion No. 3 may be placed. These
cushions prevent any rattling when the window frame is drawn up half-
way. The elastic cushions are applied to the carriage window frames
before they are covered with flock, and the leather bands of the
cushions are covered with the flock at the same time that the frames are
covered.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which I prefer to carry the same into effect, I would have it understood
that what I claim is,―
First. The covering of the frames of carriage windows with flock or
like material substantially as herein described in place of covering them
with velvet or cloth, as heretofore.
Second. The combining elastic cushions with carriage window frames
which are coated with flock or like material, substantially as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Philipson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of February, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.
JOHN PHILIPSON. (L.S.)