Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb.; 1888
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 29th Jan., 1889
JOSEPH FULLAN GUY of Armley House Durstem Stanorurowy
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I construct my machine in the form of a duplex press having power above and
below an intermediate table on which is carried the mould in which is the piece of
earthenware is to be made. The mould is constructed of an outer shell in which are
fitted loose taper pieces of internal form the reverse of the piece to be made. The
top of the mould is provided with a brush or spongy material impregnated with
grease to lubricate the plunger, which is attached to the moving member of the upper
source of power and is shaped to form the interior of the piece to be made, and to
facilitate its leaving the marl or other material used. The base of the mould is loose
from the body and is carried by the moving member of the lower source of power.
On the base of the mould I place a board or other porous substance to facilitate
the removal of the made piece, and to prevent the piece sticking to the internal
plunger I place between it and the material to be shaped a piece of paper, linen or
other exfoliating material. The sources of power may be steam, hydraulic screw
lever or helix. I so dispose my material that the density of the sides and bottom may
vary to avoid cracking.
13
C1
1000
JOSEPH PULLAN GUY.

page_text: I JOSEPH PULLAN GUY, Marl Producer, of Armley House, Burslem, Staffordshire,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to an improved machine for making hollow earthenware such
as potters saggers crucibles &c.
According to my present improvements I construct my machine in the form
of a duplex press having power above and below an intermediate table on
which is carried the mould in which the piece of earthenware is to be made. The
mould is constructed of an outer shell in which are fitted loose taper pieces of internal
form the reverse of the piece to be made.
The top of the mould is provided with a brush or spongy material impregnated or
charged with grease to lubricate the plunger which is attached to the moving member
of the upper source of power and is shaped to form the interior of the piece to be
made and so facilitate its leaving the marf or other material used.
The inner taper case or mould is loose from the body and is carried by the
moving member of the lower source of power. At the base of the mould I place a
board or other porous substance to facilitate the removal of the made piece and to
prevent the piece sticking to the internal plunger I place between it and the material
to be shaped a piece of paper linen or other exfoliating material.
The sources of power may be steam, hydraulic, screw, lever, or helix.
And in order that my present invention may be easily understood and readily
carried into practice I will proceed to fully describe same with reference to the
accompanying drawings of a machine which for the sake of example I have shown
actuated by hydraulic power in accordance with my present invention.
Figure 1 is a front view in elevation of the apparatus partly in section.
Figure 2 being an end elevation of same; parts of the machine being removed.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout.
a is the upper hydraulic cylinder,.b is the ram or piston rod with the detachable
head or plunger c secured thereon by the key or cotter d. e is the lower hydraulic
cylinder with the piston rod or ram f having the head f₁ thereon.
g. g are bolts securing together the several parts forming the frame or standard of
the machine.
h is the table or platform which supports the mould i thereon the latter having a

page_text: brush or other suitable material charged with grease arranged around its top to
lubricate the plunger or the latter may be lubricated in any other convenient manner.
m is a loose bottom board of oak or of other suitable material and n is the
loose inner shell its form being the reverse of the piece of earthenware to be made and
is tapered as desired on its outer side to facilitate its removal from the mould i. o is
the piece of earthenware in the press (Figure 1).
The remaining Figures of the drawings show details of construction, that is views
of the separate parts.
Figure 3 being plan of the part p (Figures 1 and 2). Figure 4 plan of the
lower part of the frame or standard. Figure 5 plan of the table . Figure 6
plan of the upper parts of the frame or standard of the machine. Figure 7 plan of
the upper part of the cylinder a.
Figure 8 plan of the outer shell or mould i.
Figure 9 is plan and Figure 10 cross sectional elevation of the bottomless loose
taper pieces or inner shell n which is formed in two parts as shown in Figures 9
and 10 to enable this shell to be readily taken off the moulded earthenware or it may
also be made up of three or more parts. Figure 11 is a plan and Figure 12 cross
sectional elevation of the detachable head or plunger c which may be perforated as
shown in Figure 1.
The operation is as follows:-
The loose bottom board m and inner shell n being in position within the mould i
the mar or other material to be used is then placed therein and is covered with
paper linen or other suitable exfoliating material, the head of the lower ram f
being in the position shown in Figure 1. The plunger c is then well lubricated.
and forced down into the mould thus pressure is given from above and the
material in the mould is pressed into shape and is then easily removed from
the mould by the withdrawal of the lower ram which thus allows the loose
board m with the moulded vessel o and inner shell n thereon to descend, such
descent being assisted by the pressure of the plunger c and the lip or flange c*
thereon which bears upon the upper edge of the inner shell n and so forces it
and the moulded vessel o on the board m out of the mould i. The head of
ram descending below the table or platform a deposits the board m with the
vessel o and inner shell on the said table a where the parts of the shell n may
be readily removed and the vessel o is then carried away on the loose hoard in
ready for drying and afterwards firing and finishing in the usual or any suitable.
manner.
The shape and size of the mould used may vary according to requirements, the
plunger being also varied in a corresponding manner and the various parts may be
constructed of any suitable material or materials.
The herein described apparatus will I believe be found very advantageous in the
manufacture of potters saggers of the ordinary material or of the improved material
for which I made application for Letters Patent the 2nd February 1888 No. 1549,
such saggers being better and more economical than those hitherto made by hand in
the ordinary way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
$
1. In a machine for making hollow earthenware, upper and lower moving members
actuated by force and arranged respectively above and below an intermediate table
on which is carried the mould the upper member having a plunger on the end
thereof shaped to form the interior of the article to be made substantially as herein-
before set forth.
2. In a machine for making hollow earthenware, a mould having a loose inner
shell and loose bottom board for facilitating removal of the article when moulded.
3. In a machine for making hollow carthenware the plunger c and part ƒ¹ acting

page_text: 'n conjunction with a loose bottom board m inner shell 'n and outer mould i
arranged on a table substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before
described and represented in the drawings hereunto annexed.
4. The arrangement construction and combination of parts constituting a machine
for making hollow earthenware acting substantially in the manner and for the
purposes herein before described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
5. A. machine for making hollow earthenware, arranged to act substantially in the
manner and for the purposes herein before described.