CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAIN CABLE
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bayliss, of the firm of W. and M. Bayliss
& Co., Flat and Round Chain and Chain Cable Manufacturers, of
Monmore Green, Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, for the
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAIN
CABLE."
Sealed the 26th March 1858, and dated the 29th September 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bayliss at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
September 1857.
I, WILLIAM BAYLISS, of the firm of W. and M. Bayliss & Co., Flat and
Round Chain and Chain Cable Manufacturers, of Monmore Green, Wolver-
hampton, in the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of my said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAIN CABLE,"
to be as follows (that is to say):-
My improvements consist in making the studs that are usually placed.
across or between the links of such chains hollow, in counterdistinction to
forming them solid, as heretofore, and which stud or studs I purpose making.
of tube drawn into an oval or other suitable shape, and from such tube I cut
off the studs the proper length, and which studs are fixed in the links of. such
chain by closing them in a hot state by hammering or otherwise; and in some
cases, instead of making the studs of tube, I purpose casting them of malleable
or other iron, and fixing them as before described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Bayliss in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BAYLISS, of the firm of W. and M. Bayliss & Co., Flat and Round Chain and
Chain Cable Manufacturers, of Monmore Green, Wolverhampton, in the
County of Stafford, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Bayliss, Her special license that I, the said William Bayliss,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Bayliss, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CHAIN CABLE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Bayliss, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bayliss, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
My improvements in the manufacture of chain cable relate to the part
that is put between the links of such chain, such part being called studs,
which have heretofore been made solid, whereas my Invention consists in
making them hollow, either of. drawn tube or of cast, malleable, or common
iron, according to the quality or description of chain I may wish to make. If
made of wrought-iron tubing, the tubing may be made in the ordinary way
in which such tubing is usually made, the joint being welded together in the
process of making; and the tubing from which such studs are intended to be
made may be round, oval, or other desirable shape in its transverse section;
such tubing may be cut off in desirable lengths and put between a pair of

page_text: tools, and by means of a blow or pressure the ends may be hollowed to fit
or suit the transverse sectional curve of the link, so that when placed between
the link and the link reduced to its proper oval form, such studs will be
securely held within the link. The giving of this form to the ends of the link
may be done cold, but in some instances it may be desirable to perform this
operation while the link is in a red or heated state. Studs made or formed of
cast iron may be cast hollow by the process well understood by general
founders, by laying in a sand or other core or chill, which core or chill may be
removed after the stud has been cast.
But in order that the nature and character of my improvements in the
manufacture of chain cable may be thoroughly understood, I will proceed
to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
A is a side view of the link of a chain with one of my hollow or improved
studs applied; the dotted lines b, b, and c, c, simply represent the thickness of
the iron of which it is composed; D and E are sections of links as taken
through the dotted line f and g, and are introduced simply with a view of
showing sectional views of the studs H and J, the advantage derived from
which is that they are much stronger than when made in the ordinary way,
viz., of solid common cast iron, independent of which the weight is considerably
reduced, amounting, according to the size and proportions shown in the
Drawing, of upwards from four to five pounds per fathom.
Having thus described the nature and character of my Invention, I wish it
understood. that I do not claim protection for the shape of the stud herein
shown and described; but what I do claim, and wish to protect by these my
in part recited Letters Patent, is the making the studs of chain cable hollow,
as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bayliss, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
EDWIN JONES.
WILLIAM BAYLISS. (L.S.)