IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC AND OTHER WAGONS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Hudson of Gildersome, in the County of York,
Engineer and Ironfounder for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC
AND OTHER WAGONS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Hudson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd November 1882.
ROBERT HUDSON of Gildersome in the County of York, Engineer and
Ironfounder, "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC AND OTHER WAGONS
"
My Invention has reference to improvements in the construction of wagons, and
particularly of that class of wagons in which side tipping is an essential feature.
In constructing a tipping wagon, capable of being tipped on either side with ease
and safety according to my invention, I fix at each end of the underframe work a
suitable pedestal or standard, and I provide anch pedestal or standard with three
fork-like openings; between these standards is mounted the body of the wagon
and is locked therein in the vertical attitude by suitable mechanism.
At each end of the said wagon body I fix three studs or trunnions, the centre
one resting in the middle forks of the aforesaid standards.
In this position the wagon is ready for the reception of material intended to be
conveyed. When it is desired that tipping shall take place, I first release the
locking mechanism above referred to, then tilt over the body which is free to rotate
on the aforesaid centre trunnions, until two others of the series, that is, one at
each end of the wagon, take into corresponding forks in the aforesaid standards.-
The two last named trunnions now become the centre of the tilting motion, which
is continued thereon until the body is in a position for discharging its contents, and
in order that the trunnions last referred to may become locked in their respective
forks I use suitable stop pieces, which I attach either to the side of the wagon
body, or to the underframework thereof, the body in the meantime being perfectly
at liberty to be moved back to its normal position.-I arrange the bodies of
wagons, whether of wood or metal, or a combination thereof, in such a manner that
the inetallic parts of said bodies, or metallic parts attached thereto may form a
receptacle or an attachment for elastic metallic buffers, or in cases where wooden
buffers are preferred, the said metallic parts of the wagon bodies, or metallic parts
attached thereto may form a permanent portion of the buffers, and embrace and
be securely fixed to the wooden parts thereof, thus rendering such wooden parts
less liable to be split up by the continued butting action of the wagons against each
other during transit or by the action of hot climates thereon.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Robert Hudson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th April
1883.
"
ROBERT HUDSON of Gildersome in the County of York, Engineer and Ironfounder
"IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC AND OTHER WAGONS
"
My Invention has reference to improvements in the construction of wagons, and
particularly of that class of wagons in which side tipping is an essential feature.
In constructing a tipping wagon according to my invention capable of being
tipped on either side with ease and safety I fix at each end of the underframework
a suitable pedestal or standard of metal or wood or a combination thereof, and I
provide it with three fork-like openings or recesses. Between these standards is
mounted the body of the wagon or vehicle which can be locked therein in the
vertical attitude by suitable mechanism provided for the purpose. At each end of
the said wagon body I fix three studs or trunnions either in a straight line or
otherwise so that when the wagon body is in its normal or vertical position, the
axes of the three studs or trunnions may either be in a common "horizontal plane
or be so placed that the outside studs or trunnions are respectively in a plane
deviating from the said horizontal plane in relation to the centre one. The centre
one at each end rests in the middle fork-like recess of the corresponding standards.
In this position the wagon is ready for the reception of material intended to be
conveyed therein. When it is desired that tipping shall take place, I first release,
from the locking mechanism above referred to the loaded wagon body, which-being:
nearly in equilibrium and free to partly rotate on the aforesaid centre trunnions, is
easily tilted over until the two trunnions at that side towards which the body is
being tilted (that is one at each end of the wagon body) take into the corresponding
outside recesses or bearings in the respective standards.
The two last named trunnions now become the centre of the tilting motion, and
the body having during its tilting over, become somewhat accelerated in its motion
by the time it has reached the abovenamed position, continues to turn on the last
named trunnions until it is in a position for discharging its contents beyond the
track of either the rails or road upon which for the time the wagon may be
standing. And in order that the two trunnions last referred to may become locked
in their respective recesses or bearings in the standards I use suitable stop pieces
which I attach to the sides of the wagon body for such purpose while at the same
time the body is perfectly at liberty to be moved back to its normal position. It
will be found convenient in order to facilitate the loading of a wagon up to a certain
point, or unloading it from or into carts, drays, or other vehicles to gently turn the
body into the "half-tip" position, and when partly loaded, and being nearly on the
balance when in that position, it may be easily turned to its vertical attitude for
completing the loading thereof, or if desired may be turned contrariwise and discharge
any remaining portion of its contents on the side of the track. I arrange the
bodies of wagons whether of wood or metal, or a combination thereof, so that the
metallic parts of such bodies, or netallic parts attached thereto, forming portions of
the underframework, may form tubes or receptacles or attachments for buffers in
cases where buffers are required. When elastic buffers of India-rubber or metal
are used, they are inserted within the tubes or receptacles. When wooden buffers
are used, the tubes or receptacles embrace and are securely fixed to the same, thus
rendering such wooden buffers less liable to be split up by the continued butting
action of the wagons against each other during transit, or by the action of hot
climates thereon.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings, like parts are marked with the same letters_in
the several views wherein such parts appear. Fig. 1. is an end elevation of a
tipping wagon according to my invention. Fig. 2, is a side elevation, _Fig. 3, is
a part view in transverse vertical section on the line A. B, Fig. 2.—Fig. 4, is a
partial plan in which is shewn the latch G¹, for locking the body in the vertical
position. The bottom C, is composed of a metallic plate or plates so arranged as to
form tubular sills of the underframework, such tubular sills form receptacles for
buffers as herein-above referred to and as shewn in longitudinal section in detail
Fig. 10. M, are India-rubber springs acting on the buffing parts N, N, of wood
or metal or a combination thereof. Fig. 11, shews a inetallic spring buffer, also
in longitudinal section, the spring O, acting on the buffers N, N, in a similar
manner as above described with reference to Fig, 10. Figs. 1, to 9, inclusive shew
buffers entirely of wood, einbraced and fixed within the tubular parts of the
underframework C, one of which is partly in section at "a" Fig. 2.-Upon the
plate or plates C, Figs, 1, and 2, are fixed the standards D, D', each having three
fork-like openings, recesses or bearings E, F, and F-G, is the body of the
wagon which may either be of wood or metal or a combination thereof. H, I, I',
are three studs or trunnions, a set being fixed to each end of the body G, the
central trunnions H, H, rest in the central fork-like openings, recesses or bearings
E, E, when the body is in the vertical attitude (loaded or not) as shewn in full
lines Fig. 1, and the body is locked in that position by some suitable locking
arrangement, such as the latch G¹, embracing the projecting part_G³,_on_the
underside of the body G, the said latch G, being turned over in the direction
of the arrow in Fig. 2, when the body is required to be released for tipping.
Dotted lines J, indicate the body in the "half-tipped" position as it would appear
with the trunnions I', or I, resting in the fork-like openings or bearings F¹, or F,
according to the side on which tipping is to take place, the said trunnions 1', or 1,
as the case may be, now constitute the centre of motion for the remaining portion.
of the tipping movement represented by the dotted lines K,-L, L', are the stop
pieces previously referred to attached to the sides of the body G, these when the
body is completely tipped, take a bearing against the respective sills at 1, and 2,
Fig. 1, according to the side on which the body is tipped, and effectually lock_the
said trunnions I', or I, in the fork-like openings, recesses or bearings F¹, or F, as
the case may be, and prevent the body from falling over.
When the contents are discharged, the body may be easily turned back to its
normal position and locked therein as before for reloading. In the transverse
vertical section Fig. 3. the latch G', is clearly shewn embracing the part G³, thus
locking the body in its normal position.
It will be obvious that the object of my invention so far as tilting is concerned
might be attained by fitting studs or trunnions to the standards and providing at
the ends of the body of the wagon or vehicle three recesses for taking and turning
thereon. Fig. 5, is an end elevation of underwork for an ordinary metallic or
composite wagon, and made of a plate or plates C, as in Fig. 1, Fig, 6, is a side
elevation of the same, the tubular sills being similarly furnished as may be desired
with any of the buffers such as previously described.-Fig. 7. is a part view in
vertical section of a metallic wagon body in which the sides form the tubular sills
for the reception of buffers as above referred to, the bottom part C, is formed of
a metallic plate joined to the tubular parts C', of the underwork at 3, and 4,-
Fig. 8, is a side elevation of Fig. 7.-Fig. 9, is an end elevation of a metallic wagon
in which the tubular sills of the underwork are formed with the bottom plate C,
so as to receive buffers as above described with reference to Figs. 1, to 11, inclusive;
In this case the side plates of the body G, are joined to the bottom C, at 5, and 6,
the sides G, may be continued across and between the tubular sills, or a separate
plate be inserted between the termination of the sides G, at 5, and 6, so as to form
a double bottom, such part being usually the first to wear away. The us of said
separate offers facilities for easy repairs.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of

page_text: rying the same into practical effect, I would have it understood that what I
sider to be novel and original and therefore claim as secured to me by the
tters Patent hereinbefore first in part recited is
In a wagon providing for inclining and tipping of the wagon body by the use
in conjunction with it and suitable standards, of three recesses or bearings,
and three studs, trunnions or projections at each end of the vehicle, the
arrangement being such that the wagon body may be held in a vertical
attitude, or in an attitude inclined to one side or to the other for loading or
unloading, and may be readily tilted, all substantially as hereinabove
described and illustrated.
In a wagon arranging the buffers in tubular chambers formed with a metallic
plate or plates, and constituting the underframing, substantially as herein-
before described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
-
The combination of parts constituting the improved tipping wagon, constructed,
arranged and operating as and for the purpose herein before described.
with reference to and shewn in Figs, 1, to 4, and Figs. 10, to 11, of the
"drawings.
-In wagons provided with tubular underframings to receive buffers the use of
underframings constructed according to Figs. 5, and 6, or Figs, 7, and 8, or
Fig. 9, as hereinabove described.
In Witness whereof, I, the said Robert Hudson have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twentyfourth day of April in the year of our Lord One
---thousand-eight-hundred-and-eighty-three-