Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper, Paper Pulp, Paste- board, Millboard and. Papier Mache, and such Substances
Year: 1884

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper, Paper Pulp, Paste-
board, Millboard and. Papier Mache, and such Substances
I ALEXANDER WILKINSON of 126 Peckham Park Road in the Parish of
Camberwell, County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPER
PULP, PASTEBOARD, MILLBOARD AND PAPIER MACHE AND SUCH SUBSTANCES
APPLICABLE FOR CABINET AND ALL KINDS OF STRUCTURAL PURPOSES to be as
follows:-
"
According to the first part of my invention I take a quantity of wet peat or moss
or wood fibre after being dug from the bog which may be in a dry or wet state and
well wash it in an alkali composed of quicklime about four pounds in weight and
soda four pounds I add about twenty five gallons of hot or cold water in order to
dissolve the mass. This mass is placed into an ordinary copper or tank till it
become into a boiling heat when a quantity of peat or moss is then added say
about fifty six pounds. It is then allowed to boil for about two hours when it is
removed from the copper or tank and well washed in warm or cold water; this
process being effected it then receives the second boiling composed of the following
ingredients:
I take fifty six pounds of peat or moss or wood fibre and form a liquid composed
of one pound of Potash four pounds of Chloride of Lime and two pounds of
Quicklime which is commonly called Grey lime I then add one pound of Sulphurio
acid together with two pounds of acetic acid. This mass is thoroughly mixed
together and dissolved in hot or cold water and amalgamated with the peat or
moss. The mass is well boiled together for about the space of six hours when it
is removed from the copper or tank and taken to an ordinary wringing or drying
machine in order to separate the coloured liquid from the fibre with which it has
been boiled. I then preserve the coloring agent after being strained from the peat
and treat as follows:-
I add a suitable proportion of common salt and alum to the liquid about equal
proportions in weight this mass is boiled under the influence of heat and mixed
with acetic acid or what is known as muriatic acid which is better known as
spirits of salts
When this has been allowed to boil for about the space of one hour in an airtight
vessel in order to throw off its fumes or gases that may rise, it is mixed and broken
down with a liquid composed of alum so as to harden the coloring agency. This

page_text: liquid will be found very useful in the manufacture of brown paper pulp when a
small proportion of the liquid is added any dark or light shade of brown paper pulp
may be readily produced."
The second part of my invention consists in the bleaching of the peat or moss or
wood fibre as herebefore mentioned for the manufacture of paper pulp, paste
board, papier mache and the like.
For this purpose I take fifty six pounds of Peat and heat it in the following
manner; I place it into a box or tank and amalgamate it with the following
ingredients I take four pounds of Chloride of Lime, two pounds of Quicklime, one
pound of sulphuric acid and dissolve in a pound of brimstone or common sulphur.
These ingredients are placed in the box or tank along with the peat or moss and
broken down into a liquid by the action of boiling water. In some cases I make it
into a separate liquid and add it to the peat or moss as may be requisite in the
form of a bleaching liquid. This peat or moss after being placed in an ordinary
bleaching tub or tank and treated as herebefore described will be found to be
perfectly white and fit for paper pulp.
If the paper pulp thus treated is not of sufficient whiteness I rebleach it as
follows: in a strong bleach composed of sulphur, sulphuric acid, soda, chloride of
lime and grey lime commonly called quick lime and keep it in the bleach till the
required shade is obtained the time required being from six to eight hours.
The third part of my invention consists in reducing the peat or moss into that of
a very fine white pulp by a liquid composed of sulphuric acid and quicklime in
suitable proportions and muriatic acid dissolved in water in order to break down
the lumps that may be in the peat or moss. If the ingredients should lose their
power of action in the peat or moss a suitable proportion of chloride of lime and
hydrochloric acid may be placed in to keep up the strength.
The fourth part of my invention consists in the amalgamation of rice or the
spent rice which is thrown away from distilleries and breweries with the paper
pulp made according to my invention.
I take a suitable proportion of my peat pulp and amalgamate it with a suitable
proportion of the spent rice, the rice being in a pulpy condition may be readily
mixed and amalgamated together with a suitable proportion of china clay and in
some cases a suitable quantity of waste cotton fannings which may be boiled
together with size or starch to give the pulp a greater strength and flexibility,
this mass may be readily worked in an ordinary paper engine with great facility
and the finest of paper readily produced.
The fifth part of my invention consists in the manufacture of a waterproof paper
pulp which can be rolled out for the coverings of damp walls and as a great
protection to expensive paper which is used as paperhangings which is liable to
suffer by the action of water or damp. For this purpose a quantity of the pulp
manufactured as bereinbefore described is mixed with india-rubber or gutta-percha
one pound dissolved in four pounds of bisulphide of carbon. I then add three.
pounds of benzoline, and one pound of coal tar naptha; this mass is placed in a
box (airtight) for the space of twenty four hours to be brought to a liquid
condition, when it can be readily amalgamated with the paper pulp and worked
into paper. All kinds of waterproof papers may be readily produced with great
facility for all kinds of useful purposes, such as papier mache pasteboard and
millboard also for ornamental cabinet and structural work.

page_text: I ALEXANDER WILKINSON of 126 Peckham Park Road in the parish of
Camberwell, County of Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PAPER
"
PULP, PASTE BOARD, MILL BOARD, AND PAPIER MACHE AND SUCH SUBSTANCES
APPLICABLE FOR CABINET AND ALL KINDS OF STRUCTURAL PURPOSES," and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
According to the first part of my invention I take a quantity of wet peat or moss
or wood fibre after being dug from the bog which may be in a dry or wet state and
well wash it in an alkali composed of quick lime about four pounds in weight and
soda four pounds, I add about twenty-five gallons of hot or cold water in order to
dissolve the mass. This mass is placed into an ordinary copper or tank and boiled,
a quantity of peat or moss is then added say about fifty-six pounds. The mass is
then allowed to boil for about two hours and is then removed and well washed in
warm or cold water this process being effected it then receives the second boiling in
combination with one pound of potash, four pounds of chloride of lime and two
rounds of quick lime (grey lime) I then add one pound of sulphuric acid mixed
with two pounds of acetic acid in hot or cold water. The mass is well boiled
together for about six hours when it is removed from the copper or tank and taken
to an ordinary wringing or drying machine in order to separate the colored liquid
from the fibre with which it has been boiled.
I preserve the coloring agent after being strained from the peat and add thereto
a suitable portion of common salt and alum, this liquid has also mixed with it a
small quantity of acetic acid or muriatic acid (spirit of salts). When the liquid
thus treated is boiled for about one hour in an airtight vessel, in order to throw off
its fumes or gases that may rise it is broken down with alum liquor to harden the
coloring agency. This resulting liquid will be found very useful for producing any
dark or light shade of brown when mixed with paper pulp.
The second part of my invention consists in the bleaching of the peat or moss or
wood fibre as herebefore mentioned for the manufacture of paper pulp, paste board,
papier mache and the like.
For this purpose I take fifty-six pounds of peat and treat it in the following
manner, I place it into a box or tank and amalgamate it with four pounds of
chloride of Lime, two pounds of quick lime, one pound of sulphuric acid, and
dissolve therein a pound of brimstone or common sulphur. These ingredients are
placed in the box or tank along with the peat or moss and broken down into a
liquid by the action of boiling water. In some cases I make it into a separate
liquid and add it to the peat or moss as may be requisite in the form of a bleaching
liquid.
This peat or moss after being placed in an ordinary bleaching tub or tank and
treated as herebefore described will be found to be perfectly white and fit for
paper pulp.
If the paper pulp thus treated is not of a sufficient whiteness I rebleach it in a
strong bleach composed of sulphur, sulphuric acid, soda, and chloride of lime, and
grey lime, commonly called quick lime, and keep it in the bleach till the required
shade is obtained, the time required being from six to eight hours.
The third part of my invention consists in reducing the peat or moss into that of
a very fine white pulp by a liquid composed of sulphuric acid and quick lime in
suitable proportions and muriatic acid dissolved in water in order to break down

page_text: the lumps that may be in the peat or moss. If the ingredients should lose their
power of action in the peat or moss a suitable proportion of chloride of lime and
hydrochlolic acid may be placed in to keep up the strength.
The fourth part of the invention consists in the amalgamation of rice or the
spent rice (which is thrown away from distilleries and breweries) with the paper
pulp made according to my invention.
I take a suitable proportion of my peat pulp and amalgamate it with a suitable
proportion of the spent rice, the rice being in a pulpy condition may be readily
mixed and amalgamated with a suitable proportion of china clay and in some cases
a suitable quantity of waste cotton fannings boiled together with size or starch to
give the pulp a greater strength and flexibility. This mass may be readily worked
in an ordinary paper engine with great facility and the finest of paper readily
produced.
The fifth part of my invention consists in the manufacture of a waterproof paper
pulp which can be rolled out for coverings of damp walls and as a great protection
to expensive paper which is used as paper hangings which are liable to suffer by
the action of water or damp.
For the purpose I take a quantity of the pulp manufactured as herein before
described and mix it with India rubber or gutta percha one pound dissolved in four
pounds of bisulphide of carbon I then add three pounds of benzoline and one pound
of coal tar naptha this mass is placed in a box (airtight) for twenty four hours to
be brought to a liquid condition when it can be readily amalgamated with the
paper pulp and worked into paper. All kinds of waterproof paper may be readily
produced with great facility for all kinds of useful purposes such as papier-mache,
pasteboard and millboard also for ornamental cabinet, and structural work.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
The method or methods of treating peat or moss and the application of the
ingredients mentioned hereto in the manner and for the purpose of manufacturing
paper, paper pulp, paste board, mill board, papier-mache and like material as
set forth.