Improvements in and relating to Pneumatio or Air-inflated Tyres for Wheels.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatio or Air-inflated Tyres
for Wheels.
I, WILLIAM GOLDING, of No. 4, Portman Street, Moss Side, Manchester, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows: —
=
It relates to modifications in the construction of the puncture-closing air-tube
described in my Specifications No. 15376, dated 11th September, 1891, and
No. 18383, dated 26th October, 1891.
1. I therein describe, in an inflatible tube for pneumatic or air-inflated tyres, a
layer of unvulcanized (which term includes partly vulcanized) rubber, which may
be used attached upon a layer of vulcanized rubber or between two or more layers
of vulcanized rubber, the latter being under compression laterally or one surface
being compressed and one stretched when inflated, the object of the layer of
unvulcanized rubber being to cement punctured holes across, owing to its
adhesiveness, and the lateral pressure to which it is subjected.
Instead of using unvulcanized rubber, in this manner and for this purpose, I may
use bird-lime or any viscous or glutinous substance of similar properties.
2. When such substance has less consistency than pure rubber and is sufficiently
plastic and viscous, it may be placed as a thin layer between two concentric tubes,
or between a tube and an attached strip, all of thin vulcanized rubber. This tube is
made preferably to be of the same or a larger diameter than that of the interior
hollow of the outer tyre or casing when fully stretched by the stress of the
contained compressed air. The rubber walls close-up after a puncture, but as the
lateral pressure in this case is slight, not sufficiently close to altogether prevent.
the escape of air. The viscous substance between, however, closes them sufficiently
for the purpose, without itself escaping.
3. When the viscous substance has more consistency and is less plastic, as is the
case with unvulcanized rubber, I construct an inflatible tube to close up the
punctured holes at the time it is in a state of collapse, after the air has escaped or
been discharged.
This inflatible tube is constructed, preferably, of two thin concentric. tubes of.
vulcanized rubber, with a thin tube of unvulcanized rubber or its substitute placed or
solutioned in between. Or it may be made of three concentric tubes of un vulcanized
rubber, the outer and inner containing an admixture of sulphur and the middle one
of pure rubber without sulphur, and vulcanizing them together. In this latter case.
the middle tube becomes partly vulcanized and is not so efficient. as when wholly
unvulcanized. The outer diameter of the tube, when uninflated,. is. considerably
smaller than the hollow of the outer casing or tyre. When it is fully inflated. the
tube of unvulcanized rubber is. stretched beyond its capacity to recover of itself,.
though it still retains its normal amount of elasticity which is less than that of the.
vulcanized rubber. As a result of this, a puncture makes a wider hole. in..the.
vulcanized than in the unvulcanized rubber. Upon deflation, the vulcanized
rubber contracts until the hole in it is nearly closed while the part of the hole
through the un vulcanized rubber is closed with sufficient pressure to cement it up.
Instead of three complete tubes it may be constructed of one or..more tubes and a.
striptor strips.
This puncture-closing air-tube is not so desirable as those described in my.
aforesaid Specifications, as when constructed as therein described an ordinary
puncture has no effect and need not be noticed, whereas in this case a dismount.
and re-inflation are necessary.
Dated this 28th day of October 1891
WILLIAM GOLDING..

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic or Air-inflated Tyres
for Wheels.
I, WILLIAM GOLDING, of No. 4 Portman Street, Moss Side, Manchester,
Inventor and Patentee, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
It relates to modifications in the construction of puncture closing and healing air
tubes, such as are described in my Specifications No. 15376, dated 11th Sepr. 1891,
and No. 18383, dated 26th Octr. 1891.
1. I therein describe an inflatible tube, for pneumatic or air-inflated tyres, con-
structed with a layer of unvulcanized (which term includes partly vulcanized)
rubber which may be used attached upon a layer of vulcanized rubber in a state of
lateral compression, or between two or more layers of vulcanized rubber under
compression laterally or one of such layers being compressed and one stretched
when inflated; the object of the layer of unvulcanized rubber being to cement
punctured holes across, owing to its adhesiveness and the lateral pressure to which
it is subjected. The present modification consists in substituting for unvulcanized
rubber, to be used in the manner and for the purpose described in my said
Specifications, any viscous or glutinous substance such as bird-lime or any other
substance or material or mixture having similar properties, and which may also be
mixed or combined with native rubber or other allied gums.
2. Another modification in construction is as follows. When such adhesive
substance has less consistency than native rubber and is sufficiently plastic and
viscous, it may be placed as a thin layer between two concentric tubes, or between
a tube and an attached strip, all of thin vulcanized rubber. The adhesive layer
being of a more plastic nature than native rubber it requires less lateral compression
in the attached layers of vulcanized rubber to effect cementation of a punctured
hole. This amount of compression I obtain by constructing the tube of larger
diameter than the interior hollow of the outer tyre or casing when fully stretched
by the stress of the contained compressed air. The air tube lies loose within the
restraining envelope of the tyre and, being larger, it is slightly curved or puckered
when uninflated. When inflated and the puckers pressed flat, a certain amount of
lateral compression is put in, sufficient with the aid of the viscous substance to close
and cement the hole up so as to prevent the escape of air.
3. Another modification in construction is as follows. When the viscous
substance used has more consistency and is less plastic than the condition just
previously described, as is the case with unvulcanized rubber, I construct a tube so
as to use the action of contraction, while the tube is passing from an inflated to a
deflated condition, for supplying the necessary force of contract for effecting
cementation of a punctured hole. This inflatible tube is constructed preferably of
two thin concentric tubes of vulcanized rubber with a thin tube of unvulcanized
rubber, or its substitute, placed or solutioned in between. Or it may be made of
three concentric tubes of unvulcanized rubber, the inner and outer containing an
admixture of sulphur and the middle one of pure rubber without sulphur, and
vulcanizing them together. In this latter case the middle tube becomes partially
vulcanized by contact and is not so efficient as when wholly unvulcanized. This
tube is constructed of much smaller diameter in cross section than normal, so that
when inflated it will be stretched considerably before it can fill up the hollow bore
of the tyre.
When it is fully inflated, the tube of unvulcanized rubber, or its
substitute forming the adhesive layer, is stretched beyond its capacity to recover
of itself, and is in fact remoulded into a larger tube, though it still retains its
normal amount of elasticity which is very small, and is stretched to the small
extent allowed by such elasticity. As a result of this arrangement, a puncture

page_text: makes a wider hole in the vulcanized rubber, which is considerably stretched, than
it does in the adhesive layer. Upon deflation or collapse the vulcanized rubber
contracts until the hole in it is nearly closed while the part of the hole through the
adhesive layer is closed together with sufficient pressure to cement it up.
Instead
of three complete tubes it may be constructed of one or more tubes and a strip or
strips. This puncture closing air tube is not so desirable in use as those described
in my aforesaid Specifications, as when constructed as therein described any ordinary
puncture, however often repeated, has no effect upon the air tube and need not be
noticed, whereas in this case a dismount and re-inflation are necessary.
This tube
is however smaller and consequently lighter and cheaper than the others.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said-inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. An inflatible tube for a pneumatic tyre constructed of one or more concentric
tubes or strips of vulcanized rubber one (or more) of which is in a state of lateral
compression and of a tube or layer of a viscous or glutinous substance other than
native rubber or mixed with native rubber, the whole being combined together
throughout their contiguous surfaces into a single tube, substantially as and for
the purpose hereinbefore described.
2. An inflatible tube for a pneumatic tyre constructed of larger size than normal
of two concentric tubes (or of a tube and strip) of vulcanized rubber and of a tube
or layer of a viscous or glutinous substance placed between the two tubes or strips
of vulcanized rubber so as to cement them together, substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described.
3. An inflatible tube for a pneumatic tyre constructed of smaller size than
normal of two or more concentric tubes strips or laminæ of vulcanized rubber
containing a layer interposed between them of plastic and viscous material such as
native rubber, the whole being combined together throughout their contiguous
surfaces into a single tube, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 07th do of Iul 1900
WM. GOLDING.