IMPROVEMENTS IN. THE PREPARATION OF SOAP. ADAPTED MORE ESPECIALLY FOR. THE SCOURING OF WOOL AND WOOLLEN YARNS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Smith, of St. George's Terrace, Headingley,
Leeds, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
THE PREPARATION OF SOAP. ADAPTED MORE ESPECIALLY FOR. THE SCOURING OF
WOOL AND WOOLLEN YARNS."
Sealed the 3rd September 1867, and dated the 15th March 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
March 1867.
I, GEORGE SMITH, of St. George's Terrace, Headingley, Leeds, in the,
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF SOAP ADAPTED MORE ESPECIALLY FOR THE
SCOURING OF WOOL AND WOOLLEN YARNS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the preparation of soap.
adapted more especially for the scouring of wool and woollen yarns. For this
purpose I take white curd soap, and I add to it a composition consisting of
carbonate of soda, bicarbonate of soda, and lard. I proceed as follows:-I-
make a composition by grinding together, say, ten pounds of carbonate of
soda, two pounds of bicarbonate of soda, and two pounds of lard. This
composition I dissolve in an equal weight of hot water, and I mix the solution
thoroughly with three-quarters of a hundredweight of white curd soap whilst
the
soap is hot, and before it is placed in the coolers; afterwards the manu-
facture of the soap is completed in the usual way. I take especial care that

page_text: the soda salts employed shall be free from iron and from sulphate of soda.
The quality of the curd soap will vary with the use for which the scouring
soap is required, but for washing wool after it has been combed I employ the
best curd soap for producing the scouring soap. For scouring raw wool and
similar purposes a scouring soap made from a commoner curd soap may
be used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
September 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
SMITH, of St. George's Terrace, Headingley, Leeds, in the County of York,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Smith, Her special licence that I, the said George Smith, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the-
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION
or SOAP ADAPTED MORE ESPECIALLY FOR THE SCOURING OF WOOL AND WOOLLEN
YARNS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Smith,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the preparation of soap
"

page_text: adapted more especially for the scouring of wool and woollen yarns, but also
applicable for other purposes. I proceed by preference to prepare a curd or
white coap, conducting the manufacture in the usual manner until the boiling
is complete and the soap is thoroughly made, then whilst the soap is in a hot
and liquid state I intimately mix and incorporate with it (by preference by
means of a mechanical stirrer in a pan) a composition which I prepare in the
following manner :-I grind together one part (by weight) of lard, four parts
of carbonate of soda, one part of bicarbonate of soda, and one part of pearlash.
I prefer to use millstones to grind and mix the materials. The grinding
should be continued until a very intimate mixture of the materials is obtained.
When the composition is required for use it is dissolved in about its own
weight of hot water, and one part by weight of the composition is mixed and
incorporated with every twelve parts of the hot soap, as already explained.
The soap is then removed, as is usual, into suitable vessels for cooling, and in
about three days it will be ready to be cut into slabs and bars for use. When
the soap is required for coarser purposes an inferior curd or white soap may
be used, and other soft animal fat may be substituted for lard.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details described; but what I claim is, the combining
curd or white soap with a compound of lard or soft fat and carbonate or
carbonates of soda, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
GEORGE SMITH. (L.S.)