IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR PROAL FOR REDUCING WOOD TO SHREDS TO BE USED' MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Constantine de Negri, of 84, Belsize Road, St. John's
Wood, London, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Constantine de Negri at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th August 1867. .
I, CONSTANTINE DE NEGRI, of 84, Belsize Road, St. John's Wood,
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR REDUCING WOOD TO SHREDS TO BE USED'
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP," to be as follows:-
The machinery consists of a knife or knives, straight edged and revolving
rapidly on an axis parallel to the cutting edge and to the grain of the wood which
is to be reduced. The wood is previously cut into pieces of a uniform 'length
slightly exceeding that of the knife, and the pieces held and advanced to
the knife, or the pieces being fixed the knife is advanced to them at a suitable
speed by appropriate contrivances. Thus the wood may be fixed in an oblong
rectangular iron trougb, open at the ends, by means of a false or moveable side

page_text: or cheek and wedges or screws, the fixed and moveable sides being furnished
with pyramidal spikes, or otherwise roughened next the wood. The trough
slides backwards and forwards between V's in a direction at right angles
to the axis of the knife, and under it so as to clear the revolving shaft,
and so that the knife may barely clear the sides and bottom of the trough
which is moved by a screw driven by bevel gear in connexion with the knife
shaft and furnished with the usual contrivance for reversing the motion. If
the conditions of the work are such that the knife will not cut advantageously
in ascending provision must be made (as in the screw-cutting lathe) for
rapidly bringing the trough back to its first position after the charge has been
If it is desired to have the wood cut into short shreds then short circular
cutters on the knife shaft may be used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Constantine de Negri in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 29th January 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL,COME, I, CONSTANTINE
DE NEGRI, of 84, Belsize Road, St. John's Wood; London, Engineer, send
greeting:
1.I
こ
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the 5th day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand, eight hundred and sixty-seven, in. the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
"Constantine de Negri, Her special licence that I, the said Constantine de Negri,
'iny executors, administrators; and assigns,.or such other's as. I; the said Con-
stantine de Negri, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY
FOR REDUCING WOOD TO SHREDS TO BE USED. IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
PULP," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Constantine de
Negri, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
uy, or their, or one of their bands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
"
LL

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Constantine de Negri, do hereby declare
the nature of said Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto' annexed, and' to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery for reducing, wood to
shreds to be used in the manufacture of paper pulp. The machinery consists
of two or more knives, straight edged, and revolving rapidly on an axis parallel
to the cutting edges and grain of the wood which is to be reduced. The wood
is previously cut into pieces of a uniform length, slightly exceeding that of
the knives, and the pieces are held. in an oblong. rectangular trough, open
at the ends, by means of a false-side and wedge; the moveable side and
the fixed side opposite to it being furnished with pyramidal spikes, and are
advanced to the knives at a regular speed by means of a screw driven by bevel
gear in connection with the knife shaft. The trough slides backwards and
forwards between V's in a direction at right angles to the axis of rotation of
the knives and under them, so as to clear the revolving shaft, and so that the
knives may barely clear the sides and bottom of the trough.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 is a longitudinal elevation, Fig. 2 a
plan, and Fig. 3 half a cross section and half an end elevation. A, B, C, D,
is the bed elevated on three standards, ou which the trough E, F, G, H,
tiavels from end to end; J, K, the knife holder with two knives fixed on it;
L, a bevel wheel on the end of the knife shaft working into the wheel M on
one end of the vertical M, N, while the wheel N gives motion to one or
other of the wheels O and P, and according to which way the trough is wanted
to travel, the lever Q, R, throwing either wheel in or out of gear when the
trough reaches either end of the bed. The wheels O and P are keyed on the
horizontal shaft as well as the cog wheel T, which through the wheel U
drives the wheel W wbich is keyed on the screw shaft, the latter running
through the center of the bed and working in a brass nut (X, Fig. 3) at the
bottom of the trough.
Fig. 4 gives a cross section of the false side and wedge, the wedge being
raised half-way by means of two studs fixed into it and passing through the
sides of the trough in a slot, and held there by turning and jamming the
handles whilst the wood is being put in, after which the handles are slackened
and the wedges knocked down with a mallet, so that the pyramidal spikes
are-forced into the end of the wood.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, I wish it to be understood
hat what I claim is, the use of knives, straight edged, and revolving on an

page_text: axis parallel to the cutting edges, and also parallel to the grain of the wood,
for the purpose of reducing wood to shreds to be used in the manufacture of
paper pulp, but. I do not confine myself to the arrangement above-described
for holding and applying the wood to the: knives..
In witness whereof, I, the said Constantine de Negri, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
CONSTANTINE DE NEGRI. (L.S.)