Improvements in Hair-combs, and in Methods of Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1899
Improvements in Hair-combs, and in Methods of Manufacturing
the same.
ISING RHEINBERG and JULIUS RHEINBERG, both of 32, Snow Hill, in the County
of London, Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to metal hair combs, and to methods of manufacturing
the same.
According to one method of making combs by our invention, we lay the strips.
of wire which are to form the teeth side by side, parallel to each other, and the
required distance apart, (which operation may be facilitated by the use of a
grooved block), and we then apply to the ends of the wires longitudinal strips
of metal preferably of U-section, and fasten the wires to said strips in any suitable
manner. We then bend the wires along their median line, thus bringing the two
longitudinal backing strips together, or nearly together. We may leave said
strips open but prefer to secure them together in any suitable manner, preferably
by a backing strip covering both the aforesaid strips. Each tooth of the comb.
formed in the above described manner is constituted by a bent strip of wire the
point of the tooth being formed by the bend; the two sides of the bent wire
are opposite each other and great lateral strength is thereby ensured. Moreover
this method allows of the use of plated wires and backing strips so that the comb
when built up does not require to be subject to any plating or finishing operation,
and a further advantage of this construction is that hard wires can be used since
they are only subject to one bending operation.
Although we may use any suitable means for securing the backing strips to
the wires, we have found it very advantageous to employ pressure for this purpose,
and this method of securing the backing strips on the wires forms an important
feature of our invention. For this purpose we use dies which are adapted to
form transverse depressions in the backing strips between the wires, and longi-
tudinal depressions on one or both sides in the backing strips and wires, or
suitable bends in the said strips and wires, whereby the wires are firmly secured
and are prevented from drawing out and from moving laterally. We prefer to
bend the longitudinal strips inwardly, so that when the wires are bent along
their median line as above described to bring the longitudinal strips together,
a very strong comb is formed which cannot be readily bent in use.
In a modification of our invention we form notches or grooves in the wires and
then press the longitudinal strips into said notches or grooves thereby securing
the same in position.
The above described method of fixing the wire teeth in the backing strips can
also be used in the manufacture of metal combs having teeth of single wires
fixed at one end in the back and free at the other, that is to say, we fix the wire.
teeth in the back by pressing the backs upon them as above described, the teeth

page_text: being either formed of straight wires or for further security of wires shaped like
hair pins or staples, or of wires having projections or leads
them like
upon
ordinary pins.
Dated this Seventh day of October 1899.
GEORGE HARRISON,
10, Staple Inn, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in Hair-combs, and in Methods of Manufacturing
the same.
We, ISING RHEINBERG and JULIUS RHEINBERG, of 32, Snow Hill, in the City
of London, Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to metal hair combs, and to methods of manufacturing
the same, and comprises the improvements hereinafter described, and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings, in which,
Figure 1, is a plan of a partly manufactured comb,
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same,
Figure 3 is a similar section after the wires forming the teeth have been bent
as hereinafter described, and
Figure 4 is a section of the same after the backing strip has been applied
thereto.
Figure 5 is a transverse section on an enlarged scale of a comb constructed
according to our invention, wherein the teeth are secured in the longitudinal
strips by pressure.
Figure 6 is a similar section after the backing strip is applied.
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of a portion of the comb taken on the
line Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a side view of a portion of the comb, the backing strip being
partially removed.
Figures 9 to 12 illustrate modifications hereinafter described.
Figure 13 is a transverse section of a comb formed with straight teeth secured
in a backing strip by lateral pressure, the said teeth having heads or projections
thereon to ensure a firmer hold in the backing.
Figure 14 is a longitudinal section of a portion of a modified form of the
straight toothed comb in which one strip of wire of staple shape, forms two
teeth, and
Figure 15 is a transverse section on the line y, y of Figure 14.
Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in the several figures.
The strips of wire A, A Figure 1, which are to form the teeth of the comb are
laid parallel to each other, and the required distance apart (which operation may
be facilitated by the use of a suitably grooved block), and then longitudinal
strips of metal B, B which may be of U-section are placed over the ends of the
wires, and the wires are secured in said longitudinal strips by any suitable means
which will hold them firmly and prevent them from drawing out, and from
being displaced laterally. Having thus formed a ladder like article as shown in
Figure 1 we next bend the same along its median line x, ar to form the teeth
and to bring the two longitudinal strips B, B together or nearly so, as indicated
in Figure 3.

page_text: The comb thus formed may be used in that condition but we prefer to strengthen
it by applying thereto a suitable backing strip C as indicated in Figure 4,
covering both the aforesaid strips B and affording great rigidity.
Each tooth of the comb formed in this manner is thus constituted by a strip
of wire bent in the middle, the point of the tooth being formed by the bend.
The two sides of the bent wire are opposite each other, and great lateral strength
is thereby ensured. This method of construction allows of the use of plated
wires and plated backing strips in the manufacture, so that the comb when built
up does not require to be subjected to any plating or finishing operation; and a
further advantage of this construction is that hard wires may be used, since
the same are only subjected to one bending operation.
Our invention contemplates any suitable method of fastening the wire teeth
in the longitudinal strips B, but we have found it very advantageous to employ
pressure for securing the teeth, and this method forms an important feature of
our invention.
In securing the wire teeth in the longitudinal strips by pressure we use dies
which are preferably shaped and adapted to form transverse depressions Figure 7
in the longitudinal strips B between the wires, and a longitudinal hollow or bend
in the strips B, at, b', the wires being similarly bent at the same time, the said
dies being also adapted to curve the strips B as indicated in Figures 5 and 6.
When the strips B have been firmly pressed on the wires and shaped as above
indicated it will be found that the teeth are securely held and cannot draw out
or move laterally. The wires A are next bent along their median line as above
described and the strips B are covered and strengthened by an additional backing
strip C placed over them. Said backing strip is held in position by the spring
of the wire teeth. The arch formation of the strips B ensures great rigidity.
We have found by experiment that the form shown in Figures 5 to 8 is best
adapted for the purposes of our invention, but we may vary the shapes given
to the strips B; for example, we may use dies that will produce the bends shown
in Figures 9 and 10, or that will produce flats or depressions on both sides of
the wires as shown in Figure 11, or on one side as shown in Figure 12, besides
the transverse depressions in the strips B between the wires. In some instances
grooves or notches may be formed in the wires, and the strips B may then be
forced into the said notches.
The above described method of fixing the wire teeth in the backing strips, can
also be used in the manufacture of metal combs having teeth of single wires
free at their outer ends and fixed at their inner ends in the strips B which are
pressed tightly upon them. The teeth may be formed of plain straight wires,
but for further security the wires may have projections or heads a¹ upon them
like ordinary pins as shown in Figure 13 so that they cannot draw out; or they
may be of staple form, or like hair pins, as indicated in Figures 14 and 15.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The method of manufacturing a metal wire comb, consisting in arranging
the wires which are to form the teeth parallel to each other, securing their ends
in longitudinal strips of U or other section, and then bending the wires along
their median line until the longitudinal strips are brought together, or nearly
together, substantially as described.
2. In the manufacture of a comb by the method claimed in the preceding claim,
securing the wire teeth in the longitudinal strips by pressure, substantially as
described.
3. In the manufacture of a metal wire comb by the process or method claimed
in the second claiming clause, forming depressions in the longitudinal strips
between the wires, and bending or deforming the strips and wires to firmly
secure the latter in the former, substantially as described.

page_text: 4. A comb manufactured by the methods claimed in the above claiming clauses,
and with or without an additional backing strip, enclosing the longitudinal strips
in which the wires are secured, substantially as described.
along their median line, the edges of the strips are brought together to form
5. Curving the longitudinal strips inward, so that when the wires are bent
an arch, substantially as, and for the purpose, specified.
6. A hair comb having teeth made of single wires which are fixed at one end,
and free at the other end, said comb being made by securing strips of wire in
a metal back by pressure, and at the same time forming depressions in the said
back, between the wires, and longitudinal depressions or bends in the said back
and wires, to hold the latter in place, substantially as described.
7. A modification of said single wire comb wherein the wires have projections
or heads on their inner ends, or are of staple or like form to more securely
hold them in place, substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of November 1899.
GEORGE HARRISON,
10, Staple Inn, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.