IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR TREATMENT OF CARTON PIERRE, PAPIER MACHE, AND SUCH LIKE PLASTIC SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH MATTERS TO WALLS, CEILINGS, AND OTHER INTERNAL PARTS OF BUILDINGS, BERTHS AND OTHER PARTS OF SHIPS, AND OTHER VESSELS CARRIAGEO AND OTHED STRUCTURES
Year: 1858

page_text: TTERS PATENT to William White and Josiah Parlby, of Great Mary-
lebone Street, in the County of Middlesex, Architectural Decorators, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR TREATMENT OF
CARTON PIERRE, PAPIER MACHE, AND SUCH LIKE PLASTIC SUBSTANCES, AND IN
THE APPLICATION OF SUCH MATTERS TO WALLS, CEILINGS, AND OTHER INTERNAL
PARTS OF BUILDINGS, BERTHS AND OTHER PARTS OF SHIPS, AND OTHER VESSELS
CARRIAGEO AND OTHED STRUCTURES "
ealed the 2nd August 1858, and dated the 6th February 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William White and Josiah
Parlby, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th February 1858.
We, WILLIAM WHITE and JOSIAH PARLBY, of Great Marylebone Street, in
the County of Middlesex, Architectural Decorators, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR TREAT-
MENT OF CARTON PIERRE. PAPIER MACHE, AND SUCH LIKE PLASTIC SUBSTANCES, AND
IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH MATTERS TO WALLS, CEILINGS, AND OTHER INTERNAL
PARTS OF BUILDINGS, BERTHS. AND, OTHER PARTS OF SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS,
CARRIAGES, AND OTHER STRUCTURES," to be as follows:-
Hitherto in the preparation or treatment of carton pierre, pâpier maché,
and such like substances, of which whiting combined with amimal or vegetable
gelatine forms the basis, so as to obtain various forins, it has been usual to

page_text: obtain such forms in single colors, to be afterwards painted, gilt, or otherwise
coated.
Now one part of our improvements consists in producing moulded forms of
such materials for various purposes in two or more colors. For this purpose,
having given the desired colors to the different quantities of the material to
be employed,we first place the portions of such respective colors in the desired
parts of the mould, and having poured or pressed the same therein, we then
apply to the general surface of that which is to constitute the general ground.
The improvements relate also to the treatment of such carton pierre, pâpier
machè, and such like matters to produce inlaying or imitation of inlays. For
this purpose the moulds are formed to produce recesses or sinkings in the
surface of the material, at those parts where the inlays or representations
thereof are to be obtained, and into the recesses thus formed we pour or press
other of the material referred to having the celor or combination of color
desired to be represented, or in place of or in addition to forming such inlay
by, the application of the same material in different color, pieces of marble,
alabaster, or other non-plastic substance may be introduced; and although we
have referred to one method of applying these various colors or inlays to
produce various effects, we do not confine ourselves thereto, and in place of
the recesses or other open work for the application of the various colors or
inlays being produced by pouring or pressing in moulds, the same may be
obtained by stamping, pressing, or otherwise. Carton pierre, pâpier maché,and
the like, thus treated, are especially adapted to the covering or forming of walls,
ceilings, and other surfaces as well as to be moulded into other and various
forms for house and other decorative furniture, cabinet work, chimney pieces,
panels, boxes, cases, frames, screens, &c. Walls, ceilings, and other internal
surfaces of houses are ordinarily covered by the application thereto either of
wood in the form of wainscoating or.of.plaster or cement, and when plaster or
cement is employed, it is relieved by the application thereto of relief ornament
of the same material, or of carton pierre, papier maché or other composition,
but these have hitherto to the best of our beliet been applied only in the form
of relief ornamentation, the main surfaces being formed of plaster or cement.
In using plaster or cement as a coating, considerable inconvenience is occa-
sioned from the long time required before it becomes sufficiently dry for
painting, or other applications to its surface.
Now the object of one part of our improvements is to substitute for such
damp plaster dry blocks or sheets of composition, such as referred to,
strengthened with paper or other fibre if desired, such dry blocks or sheets
being previously moulded into the forms desired, with the surface thereof

page_text: more or less highly decorated in relief, the joints or seams being arranged to
be concealed by the overlapping of the ornament of one part over that of
the other, or by the application of separate ornament, or by the general
disposition of the ornamentation. Sheets or blocks prepared according to
our improvements we affix to walls by first driving in plugs of wood at
suitable distances, or by the aid of battens to which the blocks or sheets
are made fast, or as in the case of ceilings or roofs to the joists or rafters,
but this may be varied. Although we prefer to employ our improvements
in substitution of ordinary coating of cement or plaster, the blocks or
-sheets may be employed over such plaster or cement.
Blocks or sheets of the character described are also adapted to cover or
form sides or ceilings of berths, cabins, and other parts of ships, and in
various forms to ship decoration.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William White and Josiah Parlby in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 6th August 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
WHITE and JOSIAH PARLBY, of Great Marylebone Street, in the County of.
Middlesex, Architectural Decorators, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
William White and Josiah Parlby, Her special licence, that we, the said
William White and Josiah Parlby, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said William White and Josiah Parlby, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OR TREATMENT OF
CARTON PIERRE, PAPIER MACHE, AND SUCH LIKE PLASTIC SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE
APPLICATION OF SUCH MATTERS TO WALLS. CEILINGS, AND OTHER INTERNAL PARTS OF
BUILDINGS, BERTHS AND OTHER PARTS OF SHIPS AND OTHER VESSELS, CARRIAGES, AND
OTHER STRUCTURES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William
White and Josiah Parlby, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
H

page_text: writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Josiah Parlby, on behalf of myself and
the said William White, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :--
Hitherto, in the preparation or treatment of carton pierre, papier mâché,
and such like plastic substances, of which whiting or substances having
the characteristics of whiting, combined with animal or vegetable gelatine
forms the basis in obtaining various forms from moulds, it has been usual
to obtain such forms in single colors only, to be afterwards painted, gilt,
or otherwise coated.
Now, one part of our improvements consists in producing direct from
moulds forms of such materials for various purposes in two or more colors.
For this purpose, having given the desired colors to the different quantities
of the material to be employed, we first place the portions of such respec-
tive colors in the desired parts of the mould, and having poured or pressed
the same therein, we then apply to the general surface of that which is to
constitute the general ground. The moulds are previously prepared by
applying to the surface thereof a mixture of a greasy nature to prevent the
material adhering thereto. For this purpose we use a mixture of lard and
turpentine, mixed in equal proportions, and by such application the moulds
are rendered non-absorbent. We also find it very convenient to apply the
colored materials in a liquid state by the aid of camel hair or such like
brushes; and when the coating to the colored parts is required of con-
siderable thickness we apply it by the brushes at several times, leaving
time between for the drying of that which precedes.
The different colors may, if they do not come in contact, be applied at
the same time; but if they come together, it is better for one to be
allowed to dry before applying the other colors.
The improvements relate also to the treatment of such carton pierre, papier
mâché and such like matters to produce inlaying or imitation of inlays. For
this purpose the moulds are formed to produce recesses or sinkings in the
surface of the material or forms moulded at those parts where the inlays or
representations thereof are to be obtained, and into the recesses thus formed
we pour, press, or otherwise introduce other of the material referred to having

page_text: the color or combination of color desired to be represented; or in place of,
or in addition to forming such inlays by the application of the same material
in different color pieces of marble, alabaster, or other non-plastic substance
may be introduced in the mould. And although we have referred to one
method of applying these various colors or inlays to produce various effects,
we do not confine ourselves thereto; and in place of the recesses or other
open work for the application of the various colors or inlays being produced
by pouring or pressing in moulds the same may be obtained by stamping.
pressing, or otherwise. Carton pierre, papier maché, and the like thus treated
are especially adapted to the covering or forming of walls, ceilings, and other
surfaces, as well as to be moulded into other and various forms for house and
other decorative furniture, cabinet work, chimney pieces, panels, boxes, cases,
frames, screens, &c. Walls, ceilings, and other internal surfaces of buildings
are ordinarily covered by the application thereto either of wood in the form of
wainscoating, or of plaster, or cement; and when plaster or cement is employed
it is relieved by the application thereto of relief ornament of the same
material, or of carton pierre, papier mâché, or other composition, but these
have hitherto, to the best of our belief, been applied only in the form of relief
ornamentation, the main surfaces being formed of plaster or cement.
In
using plaster or cement as a coating, considerable inconvenience is occasioned
from the long time required before it becomes sufficiently dry for painting, or
other applications to its surface.
Now, the object of one part of our improvements is to substitute for
such damp plaster dry blocks or sheets of composition, such as referred to,
strengthened with paper or other fibre, if desired, such dry blocks or sheets
being previously moulded into the forms desired, with the surface thereof more
or less highly decorated in relief,the joints or seams being arranged to be con-
cealed by the overlapping of the ornament of one partover that of the other,
or by the application of separate ornament, or by the general disposition of
the ornamentation, whereby we combine the three operations (hitherto dis-
tinct) in one, and are enabled to cover walls with a material at once dry in
relief, ornamentation, and in colors.
Sheets or blocks prepared according to our improvements we affix to walls
by first driving in plugs of wood at suitable distances, or by the aid of battens,
to which the blocks or sheets are made fast, or as in the case of ceilings or
roofs to the joists or rafters, but this may be varied.
Although we prefer to employ our improvements in substitution of ordinary
coating of cement or plaster, the blocks or sheets may be employed over such
loster a cement.

page_text: Blocks or sheets of the character described are also adapted to cover or
form sides and ceilings of berths, cabins, and other parts of ships, and in
various forms to ship decoration.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner we carry the same into effect, we would have it understood that we
do not confine ourselves to the precise details here referred to so long as the
peculiar characteristics of any part thereof are retained substantially, as
explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Josiah Parlby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
WILLIAM BROOKES, Patent Agent,
73, Chancery Lane, London.
JOSIAH PARLBY. (L.B.)