Improvements in and relating to Electro-magnets.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1900-Accepted, 1st Dec.,
1900
Date of Application, 2200 Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1900-Accepted, 1st Dec.,
1900
Improvements in and relating to Electro-magnets.
I, LÉON JULES DELAVEAU, of 124, Rue des Aubepines, Colombes (Seine),
France, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The present invention relates to an electromagnet designed for use either
directly, or through intermediate devices, for operating any kinds of parts or
apparatus.
It is arranged so as to produce, in accordance with the use to which it is to
be. put, either an effort that increases from the start or commencement of tho
stroke of the armature or core, or an effort which is constant during the whole
of the stroke, or finally an effort which will be variable during the stroke.
"
This electro magnet comprises: -
-an iron casing or outer shell, a bobbin
upon which is wound an insulated wire, and a movable central armature or core.
The outer shell consisting of one or more parts united together, completely
encloses the whole of the system," with the exception that at each of its ends
there is formed a circular aperture. This shell which is of circular or polygonal
form in section, is made of a metal or alloy having magnetic properties, such
as wrought iron, cast iron, pig iron, etc.
The aforesaid circular apertures are each fitted with a sliding metal tube for
the purpose of preventing the armature or central core from coming in contact
with the iron outer shell. These tubes may be split along one of their longi-
tudinal lines.
The bobbin consists of a tube provided with two circular cheeks.
This tube and these cheeks may be made of metal or of any other material.
Around the tube or between the two cheeks there is wound an insulated metal
wire the two ends of which pass out of the outer shell through apertures pro-
vided for that purpose.
The armature of movable central core consists of a hollow or solid cylinder
of soft iron formed, at any one of its ends and for a variable length, with circular
ribs or wings of soft iron, steel, or other material possessing magnetic pro-
perties.
The ribs or wings may be formed in one with the body of the armature, but
they may also be independent thereof, and in such a case they are mounted on
a stem forming part of the body of the armature, or on a stem attached to the
armature. The said stem being of metal having magnetic properties (such as
iron, steel, cast iron, etc.) or of any other metal, alloy or material whatever.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Electro-magnets.
I, LÉON JULES DELAVEAU, of 124, Rue des Aubépines, Colombes (Seine),
France, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The object of the present invention is a sheathed electro-magnet provided
with movable armature or central core having a long play.
In the annexed drawings:-
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus through K L of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a side section through H J of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the armature or core having washers at one or both ends.
The sheath or casing A is made in one or several pieces, which completely
close in the whole apparatus, with the exception of a circular opening Dat
each end.
This casing can be made in any shape and of any metal or alloy having the
necessary magnetic properties, such as cast or wrought iron, steel or the like.
The circular openings D D are each provided with a metal bush E for the
purpose of preventing a contact taking place between the armature Cand
casing A.
The above mentioned bushes may be split, following their centre line.
The drum or reel B consists of a tube N which has fitted to it two cheeks,
or circular discs M M. The said tube and cheeks are made of metal, or any
suitable material.
Round the tube N and between the two cheeks M M, is wound an insulated
metal wire, the two ends of which leave the casing by means of two openings PP
made for that purpose.
The armature C is formed either of a hollow cylinder, or a solid shaft of soft
iron, having at both its extremities, or only at one end, a series of discs or
washers placed at uneven distances along the extremities of the said armature,
the said discs or washers being made of soft iron; or of other metal or substance
having magnetic properties.
These discs Q can be cut out of the armature shaft C, as in Fig. 1. The
washers R can also be made independently of the armature itself, as shown in
Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings, and then be fixed on to the armature by
means of a portion of said armature having its diameter reduced, or by means
of a stud or screwed rod T, as shown in Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings,
the said studs being made of metal, or any other substance having magnetic
qualities.
The section of each of these discs or washers may be rectangular, or of any
suitable shape. The centre line of their section may be perpendicular to that
of the armature C, or it may represent the arc of a circle; it may also, for a
part or the whole of its length, incline forwardly or backwardly in relation to
the axial or centre line of the armature.
It is not necessary that the said discs or washers should have a uniform section;
that is to say, some of them may have a different section from the others, or
the section may differ for each.
When the washers are brought together, they may either be in direct contact
at their central portion, or they may be separated from one another by inter-
vening washers or rings of the same metal as themselves, or of any other metal
or suitable substance.
Finally, the outside diameter of each of the before-mentioned discs, or washers,
may be greater or less than that of the preceding, or following, or adjacent ones.

page_text: These variations in the diameters of the discs, or washers, may be irregular,
or they may be gradually progressive; in the latter case, the increase may com-
mence from the centre of the core, or from one or both of the two ends.
The intervals or spaces, separating the discs or washers from one another, may
be uniform or irregular, that is to say may be all equal, or may vary in length.
These spaces may be filled up by means of a metal, or an alloy (not possessed
of magnetic properties), or of any suitable non-metallic substance.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1) A covered or sheathed electro-magnet, having a movable central armature
or core, which armature is composed either of a hollow cylinder, or of a solid
shaft of soft iron, provided at both, or only one, of its extremities, with discs or
washers made of soft iron or other suitable material, having magnetic qualities,
said dises being made of a piece with the armature shaft, or fastened thereto
by means of a stud or a screwed rod, the said stud being composed of any suitable
metal or alloy.
2) In an electro-magnet, discs or washers as above described, the profile or
section of which may vary, that is to say, to each disc or washer may be given
a different section, of all the discs or washers, or any number of them, may be
of the same section, which section may be of rectangular, or any other convenient
shape.
3) In an electro-magnet, discs or washers of different diameters and disposed
at different distances from each other, or at equal distances, the whole substan-
tially as described and as shewn in the accompanying drawings..
Dated this 10
CHARLES BAUER, IMRIE & Co.,
The City Patent Office, 72, Cannon Street, London, E.C.,
Agents for Applicant.