Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Supplying Liquid or Gaseous Fuel to Furnaces or Fireplaces.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 23rd Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 25th Jan., 1887.
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Supplying Liquid or
Gaseous Fuel to Furnaces or Fireplaces.
I FRANZ MÖRTH of Vienna in the Empire of Austria Civil Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to means or apparatus for supplying furnaces with hydrocarbon
vapour or other liquid or gaseous fuel which is mixed with steam and injected into the
furnace from beneath the bars as hereinafter described. Steam alone or a mixture of
steam and gaseous or liquid fuel may also be injected at the front part of the furnace
above coal or other solid fuel resting on the bars. If desired the apparatus may also
be arranged to burn the mixture of steam and gas or vapour without the employment
of solid fuel. Great economy of fuel with intense heat and facility for regulating the
combustion result from the use of this invention.
The apparatus is supplied with steam by a pipe taken through the furnace for the
purpose of superheating the steam and communicating with a mixing or injection
apparatus hereinafter described where the steam draws in gaseous or liquid fuel and
forces it through a pipe connected with a series of finely perforated pipes arranged in
the ashpit which is closed and provided with valves or means for regulating the supply
of air. From the perforations in these pipes the mixture of superheated steam and
gas or vapour is injected between the bars against the bottom layer of solid fuel when
such is employed, whereby the steam and hydrocarbon vapour for example are
decomposed and consumed together with the other fuel under most favourable
conditions. A portion of the mixture or superheated steam may also be injected into
the furnace from a perforated pipe in the front part of the furnace delivering a fan
shaped row of jets above the fuel in the direction of the bridge. This has the effect
of consuming smoke promoting combustion and deflecting any flames that may tend
to strike too directly against the boiler plates. When the solid fuel is dispensed with
the fire bars are not required the pipes being arranged at the lower and front part of
the furnace as heroinbefore described.

page_text: The apparatus for drawing in the combustible gas or liquid and mixing it with
steath is connected with a suitable oil reservoir, when hydrocarbon vapour is employed
for example from which vessel the oil descends through a regulating valve to a central
nozzle inside an annular steam nozzle so arranged that an annular jet of steam is
formed around the central or oil nozzle thereby vapourizing the oil and driving the
vapour through a second central nozzle in a second annular nozzle supplied by means
of a pipe provided with regulating cocks with oil or vapour from the reservoir or with
water watery vapour or air. The mixture of superheated steam and vapour rushing
through this central nozzle draws an additional supply of vapour from the oil reservoir
or watery vapour or air through this annular nozzle and then proceeds through a pipe
communicating with a series of finely perforated branch pipes whence it is injected
into the furnace to be consumed either alone or in combination with solid fuel as
hereinbefore described.
In order to regulate the proportions of steam and hydrocarbon or other gas or
vapour the annular nozzles are provided with external screw threads whereby they
are enabled to be adjusted longitudinally so as to contract or enlarge the area of the
annular passages to the required extent.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said Franz Mörth.

page_text: Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Supplying Liquid or
Gaseous Fuel to Furnaces or Fire Places.
I, FRANZ MÖRTH of Vienna in the Empire of Austria, Civil Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to an improved method of and apparatus for the favourable
use of liquid hydro carbons as fuel in furnaces of Steam boilers.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I shall now describe the
same more particularly, reference being made to the annexed sheets of drawings in
which the same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
Figures 1 and 2 (Sheet 1) of the drawings represent in cross section and
longitudinal section respectively a furnace of a steam boiler fitted with my improved
apparatus for the supply of the gaseous fuel.
Figure 3 (sheet II) shows in plan the horizontal tubes through which the mixture
of super heated steam and hydro carbon gas is supplied underneath the fire grate and
injected from below upon the glowing fuel on the fire grate.
Figures 4 and 5 represent on a larger scale and in vertical sections the construction
of the injector and its combination with the apparatus for the supply of hydro carbon.
According to my Invention I dispose underneath the fire grate of the furnace a
series of horizontal tubes B provided with numerous small holes m at their upper side
(top).
These tubes are supplied with a mixture of hydro carbon gas and superheated steam
which mixture being ejected radially from the holes m meets the undermost glowing
layer of fuel on the fire grate (see Figure 2).
The superheated steam and the hydro carbon are thereby decomposed and their
products pass above the grate and increase the intensity of combustion.
In order to obtain this result it is required that the supply of air to the grate must
be conveniently regulated For this purpose the front of the ash pit is closed
and provided with openings which may be closed or opened as desired by means of
registers or valves.
I also provide means for the introduction of the mixture of hydrocarbon and super
heated Steam above the fire grate if desired for which purpose I dispose in the fore
part of the furnace a curved or bent tube C (Figures 1 and 2) provided with numerous
small holes n on the side directed towards the fire From these holes n the mixture
of gases issues in slightly inclined rays along the surface of the grate towards the fire
bridge and mingles with the production of combustion from the fuel on the grate.
By means of this arrangement the flames from the fuel on the grate are prevented
from acting directly upon the plate of the boiler.
For the supply of the before mentioned mixture to the tubes B and C I make use of
the following arrangements.
I. A slightly curved tube is placed in the fore part of the furnace into which
steam taken from the Boiler enters by means of the tube a which steam becomes
super heated in the tube by the fire on the grate.
II. A receiver d containing the liquid hydro carbon is arranged at one side of the
fire place and is combined in one apparatus A with the injector e (see Figure 4)

page_text: 2'
A tube provided with a cock is fitted to the bottom of the receiver d and opens into
the chamber of the injector e which chamber is prolonged downwards in the form
of a nozzle d' which is surrounded by a second chamber tapering downwards like
the chamber The chamber his connected by a short pipe c to another pipe c¹ which
communicates with the tubes B (figure 1).
The chamber is in communication by the pipe 2 with the upper superheating
tube and the chamber ¹ communicates by means of the tube with the upper part
of the receiver d (figure 4).
The super
heated steam entering the chamber by the tube he surrounds the tube f
and causes the evaporation of the liquid hydro carbon passing therethrough from the
receiver d. This steam, mixed with the vapour thus generated from the hydro carbon
liquid, passes then in the form of an annular jet into the nozzle d', forming the lower
end of the chamber h (figure 4) whereby an aspiration is produced in the interior of
the tube and in passing from the nozzle into the lower cylingdrical portion of the
chamber an aspiration is also produced in the said chamber.
By the first mentioned aspiration the hydrocarbon contained in the tube f is drawn
off as gaseous hydrocarbon by the steam jet whilst by the second aspiration the hydro-
carbon vapours contained in the upper portion of d are drawn into the mixture of
steam and vapours leaving the apparatus.
The tube is connected to the apparatus A by a pipe d' provided with a cock or
valve for the purpose of regulating the supply of the mixture of steam & vapour to
the tube C and thence to the furnace through the perforations in the said tube.
Figure 5 shows a modification of the injector e for the purpose of regulating in a
simple manner the quantity of the mixture of gases supplied.
The chambers h and h¹ are connected together by means of a coupling nozzle
provided on both its ends with screw threads which screw into the said chambers.
A tubular coupling piece q likewise provided with screw threads on both ends
connects the chamber with the short pipe c by which the chamber ' communicates
with the tubes B. By these means the annular passage for the vapours from the
chamber to the chamber and from the latter to the furnace may be easily
regulated by turning the connecting pieces q and q' so that the desired quantity of
gases may be supplied.
The nozzles may be adjusted by a rectilinear raising and lowering motion in stuffing
boxes instead of by means of the connecting pieces as before described.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my Invention and
the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect what I claim as my
Invention is
First. The method of and apparatus for supplying a mixture of hydro carbon
vapours and superheated steam into the furnace of a steam boiler by means of tubes B
provided with holes m and placed beneath the fire grate and a tube C provided with
holes n and disposed above the fire grate in the fore part of the fire place through
which holes the mixture of vapours and steam escapes in rays those coming from the
holes m meeting the undermost layer of the glowing fuel on the fire grate whilst the
others issuing from the holes pass over and along the grate towards the fire bridge.
The tubes B and the tube C being used either alone or in combination substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Second. In an injector e for the supply of a mixture of hydrocarbon gas and super
heated steam to the tubes B and C a nozzle q capable of being adjusted in position
with reference to the tube substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.