Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Steam Generators.
We, VICKERS, SONS, & MAXIM, LIMITED, of River Don Works, Sheffield, and
ALEXANDER ADAMSON, of Vickers, Sons, & Maxim, Limited, Naval Construction
Works, Barrow-in-Furness, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a construction of water tube boiler or generator of
the following kind.
At the front of the generator are placed side by side a number of vertical boxes
closed at the bottom, and all connected at the top to a horizontal steam and water
drum which extends across the boiler front.
Each box is divided by a partition, which extends nearly to the bottom, into
a front and a back compartment. In the rear wall of the back compartment are
fixed tubes arranged in several vertical rows, these tubes sloping downwards to
the back of the boiler and having their rear ends closed.
Within each of these tubes there is a smaller internal tube which at its front
end has a funnel mouth opening into the front compartment of the box, and
which at its rear end opens into the outer tube near its end.
The front wall of each box has openings for giving access to the tubes; each
of these openings is closed by a cover having a flange pressed against the inside
of the wall by a screw which also presses a short tube that passes through the
partition against the end of the outer tube which is made with a coned end fitting
in a coned seat in the rear wall of the box. The short tube has lateral openings
into the rear compartment of the box.
The rear end of each inner tube is held central by a hemispherical shell attached
to its end by a pair of brackets, this shell fitting the interior of the outer tube,
so that on withdrawing it with the inner tube, it operates as a scraper of the
outer tube. One or more fires being arranged under the mass of tubes among
which the products of combustion ascend, the generator operates as follows:-
water descending the front compartment of each box from the drum flows along
the inner tubes to the rear ends of the outer tubes, and returns along the annular
spaces of the tubes to the rear compartments in which with steam it ascends into
the drum and thence after giving off the steam it again descends the front com-
partment, a constant circulation being thus maintained.
Above the generator proper another set of boxes with outer tubes and inner
tubes may be arranged as a feed heater from which the heated water flows to the
front of the water space in the drum thus supplying the front compartments
of the boiler boxes.
The feed water is supplied to the lower parts of the boxes of the feed heaters
which have diaphragms so arranged that the water is caused to circulate through
the inner and outer tubes as it ascends to a collecting tube at the top by which
it is conducted to the boiler. Another set of boxes and tubes may also be

page_text: arranged in the upper part of the casing for drying the steam by its circulation
through the heated tubes on its way to the engine.
Suitable baffles or deflectors are arranged for directing the hot products of
combustion uniformly over the tubes and these along with the boxes, to which
they are connected are all enclosed in a suitable casing.
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
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We, VICKERS, SONS, & MAXIM, LIMITED, of River Don Works, -Sheffield, and
ALEXANDER ADAMSON, of Vickers, Sons, & Maxim, Limited, Naval Construction
Works, Barrow-in-Furness, do hereby declare the nature of this, invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a construction of water tube boiler or generator as
we shall describe referring to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a trans-
verse section, the right half on the line X X and the left on the line Y Y of
Fig. 2, which is a longitudinal section. Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are drawn to an
enlarged scale shewing respectively a longitudinal section of the front end of
one of the tubes, the rear end of same, and transverse sections on the lines V V
and W W of Figs. 3 and 4 respectively.
At the front of the generator are placed side by side a number of vertical
boxes a closed at the bottom, and all connected at the top to a horizontal steam
and water drum b which extends across the boiler front.
:
Each box is divided by a partition c which extends nearly to the bottom into
a front compartment and a back compartment e. In the rear wall f of the
back compartment are fixed tubes arranged in several vertical rows, these
tubes sloping downwards to the back of the boiler and having their rear ends
closed.
Within each of these tubes there is a smaller internal tube h which at its
front end has a funnel mouth i opening into the front compartment & of the
box, and which at its rear end opens into the outer tube near its end.
C
The front wall of each box has openings for giving access to the tubes; each
of these openings is closed by a cover ; having a flange pressed against the insidé
of the wall by a screw k which also presses a short tube that passes through
the partition against the end of the outer tube which is made with a coned
end m fitting in a coned seat in the rear wall of the box. The short tube / bas
lateral openings n into the rear compartment e of the box. The rear end of
each inner tube his held central by a hemispherical shell attached to its end
by a pair of brackets this shell fitting the interior of the outer tube 9 so that
on withdrawing it with the inner tube it operates as a scraper of the outer tube.
One or more fires q being arranged under the mass of tubes among which the
products of combustion ascend, the generator operates as follows;-water
descending the front compartment d of each box a from the drum b flows along the
inner tubes to the rear ends of the outer tubes 9 and returns along the annular
spaces of the tubes to the rear compartment e in which with steam it ascends into
the drum and thence, after giving off the steam it again descends the front
compartment d, a constant circulation being thus maintained.

page_text: Above the generator proper another set of boxes with outer tubes r and inner
tubes may be arranged as a feed heater from which the heated water flows to the front
of the water space in the drum by a suitable pipe as shewn at w Fig. 2, thus
supplying the front compartments of the boiler boxes.
The feed water is supplied to the lower parts of the boxes s of the feed heaters
which have diaphragms so arranged that the water is caused to circulate through
the inner and outer tubes as it ascends to a collecting tube x at the top from which
it is conducted by a pipe to the boiler at w.
Another similar set of boxes and tubes indicated at s on the left side of Fig. 1
may also be arranged in the upper part of the casing for drying the steam by
its circulation through the heated tubes on its way to the engine.
Suitable baffles or deflectors t are arranged for directing the hot products of
combustion uniformly over the tubes and these along with the boxes to which
they are connected are all enclosed in a suitable casing u.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
=;
1. A steam generator constructed and operating substantially as described
in reference to the drawings.
2. In a steam generator such as is above referred to, in combination with end
boxes made in two vertical compartments, outer and inner tubes, holes with
covers for giving access to the tubes, funnel mouths for the inner tubes, short
tubes with lateral openings provided with bridges and bolts for fixing the tubes
and covers, substantially as described.
3. In combination with the outer and inner tubes the hemispherical shell and
brackets fixing it to the inner tubes, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
4. In combination with a steam generator such as is referred to in Claim 1
a feed heater of similar construction arranged in the upper part of the casing
substantially as described.
5 .In combination with a steam generator such as is referred to in Claim 1,
a steam drying apparatus of similar construction arranged in the upper part of
the casing, substantially as described.
Dated this 6th day of To 1900
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicants.