Improvements in the Manufacture of Terra Cotta or Porcelain Castor Bowls, Knobs, and Handles.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 14th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 31st May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Terra Cotta or Porcelain
Castor Bowls, Knobs, and Handles.
FRANCIS CHARLES CLARE, York Cottage Mary Road Stechford Worcestershire,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
In the usual way these articles when made of pottery ware are coated with a
vitreous glaze which requires a great heat to flux and are consequently subject to
great loss through the uneven temperature as it is difficult to equalize so great a heat
in an ordinary kiln or oven.
Now in my Invention I employ a non-vitreous glaze in the form of any varnish
japan or lacquer requiring merely a few hundred degrees of heat for a short period or
even less for a longer period, which gives lustre and durable surface to the articles
similar to the ordinary vitreous glaze but avoiding the great expense and loss entailed
by the high fireing necessary to the usual process. It is obvious that there are many
articles such as castor bowls, ashpan knobs, teapot knobs, door knobs, sash fastener
knobs, perambulator handles bicycle and tricycle handles and other knobs and handles
used for door window or cupboard furniture which can be treated to cover the object
I have in view namely to give a glossy and durable surface at a less cost and I claim
the right to use my invention on these and similar articles.
Dated this Thirteenth day of June 1889.
FRANCIS CHARLES CLARE.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Terra Cotta or Porcelain
Castor Bowls, Knobs, and Handles.
FRANCIS CHARLES CLARE York Cottage Mary Road Stechford Worcestershire
Castor Bowl Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The nature of my invention is to give the durable surface and lustre to terra cotta
or porcelain castor bowls knobs etc. by a less expensive process than by the employ-
ment of a vitreous glaze as is usually employed, with this object I employ a
non-vitreous glaze such as any japan, varnish, gum or lacquer. When a black
is required any tar varnish commonly used to coat iron goods I should
employ subjecting same to some hundred degrees F. which is usually done when
applied to that material, for lighter colors and shades I coat the biscuit with a stain
composed of aniline or other suitable dye, and afterwards applying a coat of clear.
varnish which may or may not be stored according to the nature of the material
employed. I mention copal varnish as being suitable but do not confine myself to
any particular varnish my invention relating exclusively to the method of constructing
a marketable castor bowl with a glossy & durable surface with a non-vitreous
glaze.
In carrying out my invention I coat the articles with the material either by dipping
them in or by a brush or the fingers or similar methods as may be deemed advisable
and then I prefer to subject them to 300 or 400 degrees F. of heat for the
purpose of setting and drying them at the same time a less heat may be employed or
they may be air dryed without departing from the nature of my invention..

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
The application of a non-vitreous glaze such as japan or varnish to terra cotta or
porcelain castor bowls, knobs and handles; for the purpose of producing the lustre &
durable surface required in place of the more expensive & difficult vitreous glaze
usually employed.
Dated this Twelfth day of March 1890.
FRANCIS CHARLES CLARE.