Year: 1885

page_text: do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:—
For a new mechanical construction of Buffer, which I intend to term a " Collision
Buffer." The purpose of this Buffer will not be for the ordinary buffing in use upon
Railway carriages, but it is intended to be used as a means of protection against
Collisions only. When applied to Locomotives or Brakes on Railways, it may form
a separate apparatus, leaving the ordinary buffers for buffing intact. It is intended
also to be applied to steam vessels, and ships, and landing stages and piers to
prevent the injurious effects of collision.
.
The important difference between this and ordinary Railway buffers is that
whereas an ordinary buffer consists of a spring arrangement closely connected with
a short piston and buffing head, such buffers remaining fixed and immovable as a
part of the locomotive or carriage. In this invention the buffer is made movable ·
by a mechanical contrivance which permits the piston, or a shaft to be extended at
will. for a considerable distance in front of the spring arrangement at times-of'
danger, and to be withdrawn again or made portable when it is out of use. It will
also have means of pointing it in any required direction.
In the collision buffer an ordinary buffer will be placed generally at the head
of the piston or shaft forming, as it were, a second buffer. There will also be
communication with this buffer and the engines to stop or reverse them, and to
put on the brakes. The details of this invention are as follows, which will be
necessarily varied to adapt it to the special purposes for which it is to be used.
One part of this buffer will necessarily consist of a spring arrangement somewhat
similar to that which has been applied to ordinary buffers, but in this case generally
of much greater range of deflection, which will be either composed of steel springs,
or enclosed chambers containing steam pressure from the boiler or air, or water, or
a combination of these, or chambers containing steam, or air or water and enclosing
a bag or bags filled with india rubber cuttings. The chambers or buffers will be
generally combined in series, one behind the other, so as to produce the necessary
range of spring, the deflection of which will be generally of as many feet as an.
ordinary buffer deflects inches. The essential mechanical arrangement of this part
is however a spring which may be produced by any known means.
•

page_text: "
"
2nd part of this buffer, which is an additional part not before used on buffers, is
a long piston or shaft or Boom as I will hereafter term it, of wood or metal
placed in the fore part of the buffer. This Boom may contain springs, or other
elastic arrangements, and may be made in separate parts to slide one within the
other.
3rd part of this buffer consists of means of rendering the above described Boom
portable, which will be by turning it up by a joint at the position where an
ordinary buffer terminates, or by sliding it in telescopically, or by a combination of
these one part sliding in and the head part turning up. It may be rendered
portable by hand or power, and extended again by the same means.
4th part of this buffer consists of means of pointing it in any direction, which
will be applied in the case of ships or vessels. This may be done by means of the
joint described above (3rd) or may be done preferably by means of a second joint
placed behind the turn up joint.
5th part of this buffer consists of the head of the Boom which will be formed of
an india rubber pad on an ordinary buffer. The head will also in case of ships
carry a hook and an electric lamp.
6th part of this buffer will consist of communication between the chambers of the
.. buffer spring arrangement (see first part) and the engines and automatic brakes
where these are used to stop or reverse the engines, and put on the brakes at the
instant of a collision. This may be done by any mechanical means or by electricity,
but I prefer it done, through a pipe or pipes, which will convey a pressure of the
fluid in the chambers to an inverse pump which will act on a valve or other
contrivance to stop or reverse the engines, or put on the automatic brakes. The
same pump or another may extend the boom to restore after a collision where
this is not done directly by steam from the boiler.
The novelties I claim for this buffer are:-
1. A Boom or additional fore-part to.a buffer, which is jointed to be turned up
or down, or to be withdrawn telescopically. when the buffer is out of, use to make.
it portable at will, either by hand, or by power.
2. The jointing of a buffer by the same joint as that. described above, or by.
another so as to point it to any direction to receive impact.upon a.solid.
3. Producing a buffer of long range of deflection by a series of buffers, one behind
the other, placing in the chambers of such buffers bags filled with india. rubber
cuttings, or maintaining the long range of spring by steam pressure from the
boiler.
4. Communication with the buffer or its chambers to suitable mechanical
apparatus to stop or reverse the engines or to put on automatic brakes.
The whole of these novelties may be combined in one "Collision Buffer," but 2.
or 4 may be omitted, and 3 may be replaced by any suitable form of spring of the
class used in ordinary buffers.

page_text: Land and Sea.
WILLIAM FORD STANLEY of Cumberlow, South Norwood Surrey Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
For a new mechanical construction of Buffer, which I intend to term a "Collision
Buffer"
The purpose of this Buffer will not be for the ordinary buffing in use
upon Railway Carriages, but it is intended to be used as a means of protection
against Collisions only. When applied to Locomotives, or Breaks on Railways, it
may form a separate apparatus, leaving the ordinary buffers for buffing intact. It
is intended also to be applied to steam vessels, and ships on oceans, seas, rivers
and lakes and to landing stages and piers to prevent the injurious effects of
Collision.
The important difference between this and ordinary buffers on Railways, is that
whereas an ordinary Buffer consists of a spring arrangement closely connected with
a short piston, and a buffing head (the whole remaining fixed and immovable as
a part of the locomotive or carriage) In this invention the buffer is made movable
by a mechanical contrivance which permits the part which represents the piston
to be extended at will for a considerable distance in front of the spring arrangement.
This extended part just described, is to be used only in times of danger, the piston
or shaft being made in such a manner that it may be withdrawn or made portable
when out of use, or when used only for ordinary buffing. An ordinary buffer will
be placed generally at the head of the piston or shaft described for this purpose.
The Collision buffer will also have means of pointing it in any direction. There
will also be communication with this buffer and the engines, to stop or reverse
them, and to put on Automatic breaks. The details of this invention, which will
be necessarily varied to adapt this buffer to special purposes are as follows:--
One part of this Buffer will necessarily consist of a spring arrangement somewhat
similar to that which has been applied to ordinary buffers but in this case generally
of much greater range of deflection; which will be either composed of steel springs,
enclosed chambers containing steam pressure from the boiler, or air, or water, or
a combination of these, or chambers containing steam, or air, or water, and enclosing
a bag or bags filled with india-rubber cuttings. The chambers or buffers will be
generally combined in series, one behind the other, so as to produce the necessary
range of springs, the deflection of which will be generally of as many feet as an
ordinary buffer deflects inches. The essential mechanical arrangement of this part
is however a spring which may be produced by any known means,
2nd Part of this Buffer which is an additional part not before used on buffers,
is a long piston or shaft, or "Boom" as I will hereafter term it, of wood or metal,
placed in the fore part of the buffer. This Boom may contain springs, or other
elastic arrangements, and may be made in separate parts to slide one within the
other.

page_text: 3rd Part of this Buffer consists of means of rendering the above described Boom
portable, which will be by turning it up by a joint at the position where an
ordinary buffer terminates, or by sliding it in telescopically, or by a combination
of these, one part sliding in and the head part turning up. It may be rendered
portable by hand or power, and extended again by the same means.
4th Part of this Buffer, consists of means of pointing it in any direction which
will be applied in the case of ships or vessels. This may be done by means of
the joint described above (3rd) or may be done preferably by means of a second
joint placed behind the turn up point.
5th Part of this Buffer consists of the head of the Boom which will be formed
of an india rubber pad on an ordinary buffer. The head will also in case of ships
carry a hook and an electric light.
6th Part of this Buffer will consist of communication between the chambers of
the buffer spring arrangement (see 1st part) and the engines and automatic breaks
where these are used, to stop or reverse the engines and put on the breaks at the
instant of a collision. This may be done by any mechanical means, or by electricity,
but I prefer it done through a pipe or pipes, which will convey a pressure of the
fluid in the chambers to an inverse pump, which will act on a valve or other
contrivance to stop or reverse the engines, or put on the automatic breaks. The
same pump or another may extend the boom to restore it after a collision where
this is not done directly by steam from the boiler.
The whole of these novelties may be combined in one "Collision Buffer" but
2 or 4 may be omitted, and 3 may be replaced by any suitable form of spring of
the class used in ordinary buffers. The manner of carrying out this invention is
best shown by the drawings of which the following is a description.
Figs. 1. 2 and 3 are of a Collision Buffer adapted to a vessel already built, Fig. 1
Elevation Fig. 2 Vertical Section Fig. 3 Horizontal Section just above boom.
B B B Buffing spring arrangement shown as telescopic chambers. I W Bags
containing india rubber waste. I Air bag, this chamber being otherwise filled
with water.
F. F. F. Boom. G. hook to catch rocks I R, India Rubber buffer, Lamp shown
above.
C. C. C. Shears to connect the collision Buffer to a position inward of the head
of the vessel this part also acts as a spring.
JJJJ Joint by which the buffer is directed in any vertical position, or turned
up when out of use as shewn in Fig. 2 by dotted lines U. P.
G R. Guy ropes. R raising rope.
P Pipe to pump to extend the buffer after a collision, this pipe is connected
through a gland E in the axis of the joint J and the interior of C to the cylinder B³
at P to Engines to stop or reverse them.
Fig. 4. Light Collision Buffer to new vessels. The joint J' is placed at the head
of the vessel to direct the Boom. A second joint 7 permits the Boom to turn up
to make it portable Bs is a Buffer guard which acts only when the Boom is
turned up WH is a warning whistle. The buffer spring B³ is of coiled steel
spring only.
Fig. 5 Collision Buffer for large vessels specially constructed for this buffer. In
this the Boom is wholly telescopic B to withdraw within the vessel, the Boom
being extended either by a pump (pipe shown P³ connected with the cylinders
through the axis of the joint J and a pipe (not shown) by the side of the cylinder
leading to the chamber I W) or by the same pipe by aid of steam direct from the
engines. An india rubber bag of waste is shown in each chamber. E¹ pipe to stop
or reverse engines connected similarly to that described P³ but on the opposite side
of the joint J W Winch to elevate or depress the buffer.
Fig. 6 Shows the Collision Buffer adapted to landing stages. The letters corre-
spond with same parts in other drawings described This form will also be used
for the sides of vessels to Buffer off tenders,

page_text: Fig. 7. Collision Buffer applied to Locomotives Boom to turn up as in Fig. 4.
when out of use E' shows pipe or pipes to engine to stop or reverse, or put on
Automatic Breaks, other letters correspond with the same letters described in other
drawings.
Fig. 8. Collision Buffer (nearly closed) for Locomotives wholly telescopic. In this
case the buffer spring is of the steam direct from the boilers, entering by a small
pipe S when the buffer is extended E³ pipe to stop or reverse engines CN pipe
for condensing spray of cold water to withdraw the buffer-I N pump to clear
condensed water B is an ordinary buffer to act when the collision buffer is
withdrawn.
Fig. 9 Collision Buffer adapted to old Locomotives in this case the spring is in
the Boom which turns up EL E, elevation PLN plan S P is a coach spring at
the head to form contact on carriages not specially adapted for this buffer. The
arrangement might also be used at the back of a guard van.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I now claim is
.
1. A Boom or additional fore part to a Buffer, which is jointed to be turned up
or down or to be withdrawn telescopically when the buffer is out of use to make
it portable at will, either by hand or by power.
2. The jointing of a Buffer by the same joint as that described above, or by
another so as to point it to any direction to receive impact upon a solid.
3. Producing a buffer of long range of deflection by a series of buffers one
behind the other, placing, in the chambers of such buffers bags filled with India
rubber cuttings, or maintaining the long range of spring by the aid of steam
pressure from the boiler.
4. Communication with the Buffer or its chambers to suitable mechanical
apparatus to stop or reverse the engines or to put on automatic breaks.
D 16th Dan 100K
WM FORD STANLEY.