Improvements in Vats for Dyeing Indigo Blues and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 21st Apr., 1894 ·
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vats for Dyeing Indigo Blues and the like.
I, JAMES GRIME of Rosebank Cottage, Busby, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Manager of Print Works, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention which relates to improvements in vats or cisterns for the dyeing of
indigo blues, has for its object, to provide means whereby the dye solution is freed
from the injurious compounds formed in the dyeing of indigo blues.
By my invention a practically clear vat is produced for the dyeing of indigo
blues for all classes of woven fabrics such as cotton, woolen, and silk piece goods
or for any other pure or mixed fabrics such as woolen and cotton, cotton and silk,
woolen and silk. Also for the dyeing of yarns such as cotton, silk &c.
Also for
the dyeing of cotton, silk, wool or other natural fibres in the raw or unspun state.
In carrying out my invention I may employ any of the dyeing vats at present in
use but in addition I use an extra vat which I call a settling vat.
This settling vat is placed alongside or conveniently near to the dyeing vat and
connected by a pipe or otherwise to the dyeing vat. I attach a rotary or any other
pump so that the liquor can be pumped froin the dyeing vat to the settling vat.
This settling vat takes the form of a cistern or tank preferably made of cast
iron plates bolted together and caulked in the usual manuer, or 1 may use a wooden
or any other tank and preferably to hold about 200 gallons of liquor.
In this settling vat I arrange an outlet pipe at about half the depth of the vat
and connect this to the dyeing vat by means of an iron pipe to which is attached a
stop cock valve which can be opened and closed as desired.
I
I also arrange a large valve near the bottom of this settling vat to be able to
run away quickly the deposit that is formed in the working of indigo vats.
In the working of my process I put into the dyeing vat the indigo and reducing
agents in the usual way, either with zinc and lime or zinc and hyposulphite of lime
or with zinc and caustic soda and hyposulphite of soda or any of the other methods
for reducing indigo from the ordinary indigo of commerce to what is technically
called reduced or white indigo.
I then proceed to dye the goods in the usual way either by passing the goods
over rollers through the dyeing vat or hooked on frames or any of the other
processes in use.
But every 24 hours or oftener if desired I pump up from the bottom of the
dyeing cistern into the settling cistern the mud or precipitate that is formed in the
combination required to reduce indigo to the soluble or white indigo. This mud
or precipitate which is usually hydrated oxide of. zinc or oxides of other metals or
excess of lime according to the process used is very injurious to the dyeing of
goods when it has accumulated to a certain quantity.
This mud or precipitate is allowed to settle in the settling tank 24 hours or less
time as desired, the clear liquor is then run back again into the dyeing vat.
By this means I claim that a practically clear working vat for dyeing indigo
blues is obtained, which makes the dyeing of indigo blues simple and regular, by.
this means also the dyeing vat is made capable of continuous dyeing as the indigo`
can be added during the working of the vat in such quantities as are required.to.
replace the indigo taken up by the goods during the process of dyeing.
Dated this 17th day of June 1893.
:
1.
:
34

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vats for Dyeing Indigo Blues and the like.
I, JAMES GRIME, of Rosebank Cottage, Busby, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Manager of Print Works, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to Improvements in Vats for Dyeing Indigo Blues and the
like, and has for its object to provide means whereby the dye solution is freed fromn
the injurious compounds formed in the dyeing of indigo blues and the like.
In carrying out my invention, I employ any of the ordinary dyeing vats, but in
addition I use an extra vat, which I call a settling vat, placed conveniently near
and connected to the main vat, in such a manner, that a practically clear vat is
produced for the dyeing of indigo blues and the like for all classes of woven
fabrics, such as cotton, woolen, and silk piece goods or for any other pure or mixed
fabrics, such as woolen and cotton, cotton and silk, woolen and silk. My invention
may also be used for dyeing yarns,, such as cotton, silk and the like; also for
dyeing cotton, silk, wool or other natural fibres in the raw or unspun state.
But in order that my said invention may be more readily understood, and easily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation and Figure 2 a cross section showing my
said improvements as applied to a dyeing vat for indigo blues and the like.
Referring to the said drawings I employ or use in conjunction with the ordinary
dyeing vat A, a settling tank or vat B preferably made of cast iron plates bolted
together and caulked in the usual manner. Or if desired I may use a wooden or
other tank or vat, and preferably of such a size as to be capable of holding about
two hundred gallons of liquor.
The settling vat B, is placed alongside or conveniently near the dyeing vat A,
and connected there with by means of piping C, C', having a rotary or other
pump D, and regulating cock or valve D¹, in such a manner as, to enable the
liquor to be pumped from the dyeing vat A to the settling vat B. The outlet
pipe C leading from the settling vat B is mounted as shown about half the depth
of the vat, thus preventing the sediment passing from the settling vat B to the
dyeing vat A. The settling vat B is also provided with an outlet valve or cock
arranged near its bottom so as to enable any sediment or deposit being quickly run
away.
Inside the said dyeing vat A I mount a stirring arrangement which may be
actuated by hand or other power, in such a manner as to enable the sediment to be
stirred up when required. The said arrangement consists of revolving blades E
mounted near the bottom of the vat A and geared by means of bevel, spur or
chain gearing, in such a manner, as to be driven by hand or other power when
required.
In carrying out my said process, I place the indigo and the reducing agents in
the dyeing vat A, in the usual manner, either with zinc and lime or zinc and
hyposulphite of lime or with zinc and caustic soda and hyposulphite of soda or any
of the other methods for reducing indigo from the ordinary indigo of commerce to
what is technically called reduced or white indigo.
After the indigo and reducing agents have been placed in the dyeing vat A,
I proceed to dye the goods in the usual way either by passing the goods over
rollers carried by any suitable means within the dyeing vat or any of the other
processes in use.
But every 24 hours, or oftener if desired, I pump up from the
bottom of the dyeing vat Å into the settling vat B; the mud or precipitate that
is formed in the combination required to reduce the indigo to the soluble or white

page_text: indigo. This mud or precipitate, which is usually hydrated oxide of zinc or oxide
of other metals or excess of lime according to the process used, is very injurious to
the dyeing of goods when it has accumulated to a certain quantity.
The mud or precipitate after being pumped into the settling vat B is allowed to
settle therein for 24 hours or less time as desired, and the clear liquor is then run
back again into the dyeing vat A.
The whole arrangement thus forms a practically clear working vat for dyeing
indigo blues and the like, and also enables the dyeing process to be carried out
simply and effective. Also by my invention, continuous dyeing may be carried on, as
indigo can be added to the vat in such quantities as are required to replace the
indigo taken up by the goods during the process of dyeing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The general arrangement and combination of the various parts constituting
my improvements in vats for dyeing indigo blues and the like, substantially in the
manner as hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In the dyeing indigo blues and the like, the combination with the ordinary
dyeing vat A, of the settling tank or vat B, substantially as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of March 1894.
JOHNSONS,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicant's Agents