Improvements in and Apparatus for Churning for the Making of Butter.
Year: 1891

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Apparatus for Churning for the Making of
Butter.
I WILLIAM BENJAMIN WALTERS of Maryhill Terrace, Mornington, Dunedin
in the Provincial District of Otago in the Colony of New Zealand Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:―
My invention consists principally in manufacturing butter from cream or milk
by causing air to pass through it whilst it is agitated as hereinafter described and
it further consists in the following arrangement of apparatus for the purpose of
carrying this proces, into effect. I provide a chamber for containing the milk or
cream and preferably provided with a readily removeable cover and having a
bottom sloping to an outlet or outlets for drawing off the milk when required and
The said
being provided with glazed sight-holes for observing the contents.
chamber is provided with a pipe or passage for the admission of air at its lower
part the air being brought to the requisite temperature preferably if heated by
being drawn through a coil in a vessel containing water heated by steam or other
suitable means.
In the upper part of the chamber is an exhausting device which
may consist of an injector operated by steam from the source which heats the water.
There may also be a steam inlet to the vessel for cleansing and scalding purposes.
There is also provided a cold water or brine vessel communicating with the lower
part of the chamber for washing the butter when necessary or for salting it.
Cocks or valves are provided on the various pipes or passages between the chamber
and vessels and on the steam passages so that any of them can be opened or closed
as required to establish the various communications at the necessary times.
When the cream or milk has been placed in the chamber and it has been closed
the suction device is put in operation so as to draw air and foreign gases from the
upper part of the chamber and cause air to enter at the lower part and agitate the
cream or milk and separate butter. The sight holes enable the agitation to be
observed and regulated. When the butter is formed and is required to be taken
out the drain off valve is opened to drain off the milk-the cold water or brine
inlet being opened and cold water or brine passed through when the butter is to be
washed or salted.
D0h a 1001
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: Improvements in and Apparatus for Churning for the making or
Butter.
I, WILLIAM BENJAMIN WALTERS of Maryhill Terrace Mornington Dunedin
in the Provincial District of Otago in the Colony of New Zealand Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention consists principally in manufacturing butter from cream or milk
by causing air of any requisite temperature to pass through it by suction whilst it
is agitated as hereinafter described and it further consists of apparatus for the
purpose of carrying this process into effect. The accompanying drawing illustrates
what I consider the best form of apparatus constructed according to my invention
but I do not limit myself to the precise form shewn. I provide a vessel or chamber A
for containing the milk or cream and preferably provided with an inlet a at top
tightly closeable by a readily removeable cover and having a bottom a sloping to
an outlet or outlets as at a³ for drawing off the milk when required and also
preferably provided with a glazed sight hole or glazed sight holes (one of which is
shewn at a) for observing the contents. The said chamber A is provided with a
pipe or passage B (controlled by the cock 6) for the admission of air at its lower
part the air (if to be used heated or cooled) being brought to the requisite
temperature preferably by being drawn through a coil 132 open at top to the
atmosphere and situated in a vessel C containing water or other medium heated or
cooled if required by any suitable means. In connection with the pipe leading
from the upper part of the chamber A is a suction or exhausting device E which
may consist of an ejector operated by steam from the source which heats the water.
By this means dry air of any desired temperature can be caused to pass into and
through the cream and this air may be purified if necessary by putting filtering
material in the inlet for air to the coil. The air being drawn by suction and not
forced into the cream enables a better result to be obtained than would be otherwise
possible owing mainly I believe to there being less friction of the air and non-
interference with the granules of butter formed. Opposite the opening of the
pipe is preferably a cone shaped distributor a'. There may also be a steam
inlet to the vessel A for cleansing and scalding purposes. In the drawing D shews
a steam pipe leading by the branch d and cock d to the exhauster or ejector E and
by the branch and cock f into the vessel C and by the branch G and cock g into
the vessel A. I may also provide a cold water or brine vessel H communicating
with the lower part of the chamber A by the pipe and cock h for washing the
butter when necessary or for salting it. The cocks or valves on the various pipes
or passages between the chamber and vessels and on the steam passages as afore-
said allow of either of them being opened or closed as required to establish the
various communications at the necessary times.
When the cream or milk has been placed in the chamber A and the said chamber
has been closed the suction or exhausting device at E is put in operation by opening
the cock so as to draw air and foreign gases from the upper part of the chamber A
and by opening the cock cause air at the requisite temperature to enter at the
lower part of the chamber A from the coil B2 pipe B cock and passages a³ and
agitate the cream or milk and separate butter. The sight hole or holes at enable
the agitation to be observed and regulated. When the butter is formed and is
required to be taken out the cocks d and are closed and the drain off valve on
the pipe is opened, to drain off the milk. The cold water or brine inlet is
opened and cold water or brine passed through by the operation of the device E
when the butter is to be washed or salted. a shews a tightly closable opening, by
which the butter may be removed although it may be removed by any other

page_text: suitable outlet such as for instance by making the top removable. The opening of
the cock supplies steam to heat the vessel C, if heating be required. If cooling
be required cold water or ice may be put in the vessel C. The opening of the
cock supplies steam to scald and cleanse the chamber A.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
First. In murning for making butter sucking drawing air of the requisite
temperature through the milk or crean by means of a suction or exhausting device
substantially as hereinbefore described.
Second. In apparatus for churning for making butter a closed vessel for con-
taining the milk or cream and having an air inlet or air inlets at the lower part
and a suction or exhausting device at the upper part substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.
Thirl. In apparatus for churning for making butter a closed vessel for containing
the milk or cream and having an air inlet or air inlets at the lower part and a
suction or exhausting device at the upper part and having a sight hole or sight
holes for observing the contents substantially a hereinbefore described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Fourth. In apparatus for churning for making butter a closed vessel (A) for
containing the milk or cream having a suction or exhausting device at the upper
part and an inlet or inlets at the lower part, and a vessel for containing liquid or
brine (such as 1) the said inlet or inlets being in communication with the said
vessel H and also in communication with an air supply passage each communication
being capable of being opened and closed so that either air or liquid or brine as
required can be drawn up through the said vessel or chamber (A) by the suction
or exhausting device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawing.
Fifth. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the apparatus for
churning for making butter substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in
the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 30th day of June 1891
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.