IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRADING OR ROLLING AND DRESSING GRAIN AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Korth, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, in
Ireland, Millwright and Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR GRADING OR ROLLING AND DRESSING GRAIN AND OTHER
MATERIALS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Korth at the Oflice
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th November 1881.
WILLIAM KORTH, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, in Ireland, Millwright
and Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRADING OR ROLLING AND
DRESSING GRAIN AND OTHER MATERIALS."
.
My Invention has reference as to one part thereof to the half high grinding
process, and its chief feature consists in the movement of the two adjustable rollers
by means of an eccentric and lever in horizontally plane slots instead of their
being moved in a circular or vertical direction, as heretofore commonly practised,
for the purpose of increasing or diminishing the interval between them and the
fixed roller and thus producing a coarser or finer granulation as inay be necessary.
In order better to preserve the parallelism and equable pressure of the rollers
I employ a spiral spring to act upon the bearing at each end of each roller, and I
place the springs of each roller at the same side as that on which the feed is
discharged by them respectively.
I regulate the feed by means of metal rollers with level or angular fluting, which
are severally driven by a round belt from the main shaft and connecting belts
from one to another. One of the feed rollers by a similar belt drives a worm
whereby the discharged material from the upper adjustable roller is conveyed
directly outside the box or casing and afterwards returned to the inside thereof
below the lower adjustable roller.
The other part of my Invention has reference to the dressing process. It consists
in the application of the centrifugal action of a series of adjustable beaters, revolving
at a high speed and driving the material or feed which is introduced by a worm
into a cylindrical reel against the silk covering of the reel. The material which
does not pass through the silk is discharged by a worm at the opposite end of the
reel, and the worms prevent draft.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed by
the said William Korth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th May
1882.
"
WILLIAM KORTH, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, in Ireland, Millwright
and Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR GRADING OR ROLLING AND
DRESSING GRAIN AND OTHER MATERIALS."
My Invention has reference as to one part thereof to the half high grinding
process, and its chief feature consists in the movement of the two adjustable rollers
horizontally instead of in a circular or vertical direction, as heretofore commonly
practised, for the purpose of increasing or diminishing the interval between them
and the fixed or intermediate roller in order to produce a coarser or finer
granulation of the material to be operated upon, as may be necessary or desired.
The adjustable rollers are supported at each end by horizontally plane slotted
bearing blocks, which are fitted into slides on the frame and moved therein
simultaneously by means of eccentrics and a lever fastened to the frame at the
back of the machine and connected with the slotted bearing blocks by links bolted
to bars or arins extending from above and below the eccentrics and to snugs on
the slotted bearing blocks. The bolts fastening the links to the eccentric bars or
arms pass across the frame and connect the bearing blocks together so that both
ends of the adjustable rollers are actuated by the eccentrics equally and simul-
taneously. The eccentric bars or arms are also attached to the frame of the
machine by the bolts which attach them to the links as already mentioned.
The adjustable rollers are driven off the fixed or intermediate roller by bevelled
spur wheels at one side of the machine and the fixed or intermediate roller is set
in balanced bearings at each end. The centres of the two adjustable rollers are in a
vertical line, and the centre of the fixed or intermediate roller is at an equidistant
but shifting point outside such vertical line.
I prefer to make the several rollers in my machine about one third greater in
diameter and length respectively than the rollers now commonly employed, and to
furnish them with slightly spiral or inclined grooves or flutings of which the
number is varied according to the degree of granulation needed and the condition
of the material to be operated upon.
In order better to preserve the true parallelism and equable pressure between
the adjustable rollers and the fixed or intermediate roller I employ a spiral spring
and a thumb or wheel screw bolt passing into and acting upon each bearing block
at the ends of the adjustable rollers, and I place the springs and bolts of each
roller at the same side as that on which the feed is discharged by them
respectively.
I regulate the feed by means of metal rollers with level or angular fluting, which
are placed on opposite sides at the top of the machine and are severally driven
by a round belt from the main or interinediate roller shaft and a similar connecting
belt from one to another. One of the feed rollers by means of a similar belt
drives a worm whereby the material discharged from the upper adjustable roller
is conveyed directly outside the box or casing of the machine, after which it is
returned to the inside thereof below the lower adjustable roller. Instead of a
worm, however, I prefer to employ inclined troughs or pipes, into which the
granulated material is discharged from the upper adjustable roller and by which
it is emptied into spouts provided at each side of the machine for conveying it
below the lower adjustable roller, as above mentioned.
The other part of my Invention has reference to the process of dressing grain

page_text: and other materials. The machine which I employ for this purpose consists of a
cylindrical reel or cage formed of two ends, tied or connected together by a number
of parallel longitudinal rods or bars in two concentric circles and surrounded by
web silk which passes between the concentric circles of longitudinal rods and bars,
and is supported at intervals by hoops or rings parallel to and between the ends
of the reel or cage and forming a sort of network with the longitudinal rods
or bars
Within the reel or cage I place a frame or "stair" consisting of longitudinal
rods or beaters attached at the end of spokes or arms which are placed diagonally
on a central shaft so as to give the rods or beaters a twisted or spiral form, and
I cause the stair to revolve at a high velocity and thus by the application of
centrifugal action the material when introduced into the reel or cage is driven
against the covering and all the finished material and draft air are forced through
the silk. By this arrangement I dispense with the use of brushes as now
commonly employed. The rods or beaters are adjustable and may be shifted along
the spokes or arms of the stair for the purpose of placing them nearer or farther
from the silk as may be required.
The material to be dressed is introduced into the reel or cage through one of the
ends from a spout by means of a closely fitted worn, and the finished portion
thereof is discharged in the ordinary way while the unfinished portion thereof is
collected at the opposite end of the reel or cage by means of radiating boxes
formed on or attached to such end and discharged by a similar closely fitted worm,
the draft air and finished material being prevented from passing through the
apertures at the ends of the reel or cage by the close fitting of the worms, which
introduce the material to be dressed and discharge the unfinished portion thereof.
The reel or cage stair and beaters and worms are actuated by an arrangement of
external and internal wheels and pulleys in the ordinary mechanical way.
But I do not limit myself absolutely to the forms and arrangements of the
Beveral parts of the machines herein before described, inasmuch as there are several
obvious modifications thereof and substitutes therefor by which the objects
of my Invention could be effected. I prefer however apparatus such as I have
already described.
And in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood, I shall now
proceed to refer to the Drawings upon the Sheet hereunto annexed, the same letters
of reference being used throughout, all the Figures thereon to indicate the same or
corresponding parts of my several machines.
Fig. I. is a front view of the grinding machine having part of the cover or
casing removed to disclose portion of the feeding apparatus and the bearings and
driving wheels at one side and the pulleys on the central roller at the opposite
side.
Fig. II. is a cross section of Fig. I. shewing the fixed or intermediate and two
adjustable rollers, with the eccentrics and lever and the horizontal blocks, in the
slots of which the two adjustable rollers are thereby moved and the spiral springs
and screw bolts by which their parallelism and equable pressure are preserved;
also the feeding rollers and one of the troughs or pipes through which the
granulated material is delivered at each side of the frame to be discharged below
the lowermost roller.
Fig. III. is a front elevation of the dressing machine having the upper portion
of the cover or casing removed to disclose the reel or cage stair and beaters within
and shewing the feed and delivery worms at opposite ends.
Figs. IV. and V. are the ends of the cage or reel also with the feed and delivery
worms, and
Fig. VI. is an end view shewing the external and internal wheels and pulleys
by which the reel or cage stair and worms are driven.
a is the fixed or intermediate roller on a shaft working in balanced bearings
at each end and driven off the main shaft by a belt.

page_text: 1
and h
b and c are the upper and under adjustable rollers, which are driven off the fixed
or intermediate roller a by the bevelled spur wheels and e; f, f, are the
horizontally plane slots in which the two adjustable rollers are moved, and
are respectively the eccentrics and lever by which they are actuated in those slots;
i, i, are bars or arms extending from above and below the eccentrics, and j, j, the
links connecting the eccentrics with the slotted bearing blocks k, k, of the two
adjustable rollers b and c, and fastened to the frame and links and the slotted
bearing blocks respectively by bolts 1, 1, and m, m; n, n, are the spiral springs
which act on the bearings of the adjustable rollers, and o, o, are the thumb or
wheel screw bolts passing through the springs n, n, into the slotted bearing
blocks k, p, p, are the feed rollers; is the trough or pipe which is shaken by
means of a cam or notched nuts at one extremity of a revolving shaft or bar, and
on which the end of the trough or pipe rests; t, t, are the ends of the cylindrical
reel or cage attached to each other by the parallel longitudinal rods or bars u, v.
A silk covering supported by rings and passing between the circular rows of rods
or bars surrounds the reel or cage which revolves upon the shaft w; is one of
the beaters attached to some spokes or arms on the shaft and revolving at a high
velocity within the reel or cage; y and z are the worms by which the granulated
material is introduced into and the unfinished portion thereof discharged from the
reel or cage.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I would have it to be understood that I do not claim the
exclusive use of adjustable rollers, horizontal slotted bearing blocks, bearing springs
and rods, feed rollers, and troughs or pipes, cylindrical reels or cages, stairs and
worms, except when the same are constructed and arranged specially and employed
in the manner herein before described; nor do I claim the use of eccentrics, levers,
bolts, shafts, cams or notched nuts, wheels, or pulleys, nor of any of the separate
mechanical parts which form the compound machines employed by me, but I
claim,―
1. The use in grinding machines of adjustable granulating rollers moved in a
horizontal plane, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before
described and shewn upon the Drawings hereunto annexed.
2. The use in grinding machines of springs and bolts acting on the granu-
lating roller bearing blocks, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
hereinhefore described and shewn upon the Drawings hereunto annexed.
3. The use in grinding machines of feed rollers constructed, actuated, and
employed, substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described
and shewn upon the Drawings hereunto annexed.
4. The use in grinding machines of an eccentric or eccentrics and lever,
constructed, attached, or linked and employed, substantially in the manner and for
the purposes herein before described and shewn upon the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
5. The use in machinery for the half high grinding process of granulating rollers,
feed rollers, and bearing springs and bolts, constructed, adjusted, actuated, and
employed, substantially in the manner and for the purposes respectively herein-
before described and shewn upon the Drawings hereunto annexed.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the compound
automatic roller mill or grinding machine above mentioned, constructed, and
applied, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein before described
and illustrated by the Drawings on the Sheet hereunto annexed.
7. The use in dressing machines of adjustable revolving beaters, constructed,
actuated, and employed, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein before described and shewn upon the Drawings hereunto annexed.
S. The use in dressing machines of worms constructed and employed,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described and
shewn upon the Drawings hereunto annexed.

page_text: 9. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the compound
automatic dressing machine above mentioned, constructed and applied substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by the
Drawings on the Sheet hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Korth, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
WILLIAM KORTH. (L.S.)