IMPROVEMENTS IN 'TEMPLES' USED IN WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Taylor, Clerk, Jeremiah Pendlebury' and
Thomas Bailey, Engineers, and Richard Harrell, all of Preston, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN 'TEMPLES'
USED IN WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS."
Sealed the 15th January 1861, and dated the 4th August 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Taylor, Jeremiah
Pendlebury, Thomas Bailey, and Richard Harrell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 4th August 1860..
We, WILLIAM TAYLOR, Clerk, JEREMIAH PENDLEBURY and THOMAS BAILEY,
Engineers, and RICHARD HARRELL, all of Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TEMPLES USED IN WEAVING TEXTILE FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent or lessen the wear and tear of the
dents of the reed caused by the beating up of the cloth by the lathe or slay.
In ordinary looms with "templės" of the usual construction, as the lathe
swings from a fixed centre the dents of the reed always strike the cloth at the
same place, and become thereby quickly deteriorated and worn, and it is to
remedy this defect that the present Invention is designed.
The Invention consists in mounting the "temples" on hinges or pivots, and
causing them to vibrate up and down, so as to raise or lower the cloth in
order that the same part of the dents of the reed may not always beat up

page_text: against the cloth. This vibrating or moving up and down of the "temples
so as to present the edge of the cloth to different parts of the reed, may be
effected in a variety of ways, for instance, by means of a heart wheel or cam
revolving with the "temple," and acting against a fixed stud or pin; or the
heart wheel or cam may be placed on the end of the emery roller or the cloth
roller, and actuate a lever in connection with the "temple;" or the gradually
increasing diameter of the cloth beam may be caused by means of levers to
raise the temples slowly up as the weaving proceeds. In fact, it will be
evident that the raising and lowering of the "temples," whether continuous or
alternative may be effected by.connecting them to any convenient and suitable
moving part of the loom.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
.
by the said, William Taylor, Jeremiah Pendlebury, Thomas Bailey, and
Richard Harrell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th February
1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
TAYLOR, Clerk, JEREMIAH PENDLEBURY and THOMAS BAILEY, Engineers, and
RICHARD HARRELL, all of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said 'William Taylor, Jeremiah Pendlebury, Thomas Bailey, and
Richard Harrell, Her special licence that we, the said William Taylor,
Jeremiah Pendlebury, Thomas Bailey, and Richard Harrell, our executors,
administrators and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Taylor,
Jeremiah Pendlebury, Thomas Bailey, and Richard Harrell, our executors,.
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN 'TEMPLES' USED IN WEAVING
TEXTILE FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Taylor, Jeremiah Pendlebury, Thomas Bailey, and Richard Harrell,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one
of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe.

page_text: and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to filed in the Great Seal'
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Taylor, Jeremiah Pendlebury,'
Thomas Bailey, and Richard Harrell, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 'to be'
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement in
writing and on reference to the accompanying Drawings, that is to say:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent or lessen the wear and tear of the
dents of the reed caused by the beating up of the reed and lathe or slay
against the cloth. In ordinary looms with "temples" of the usual con-
struction, as the lathe swings from a fixed centre, the dents of the reed always
strike the cloth at the same place, and become thereby quickly deteriorated
and worn, and it is to remedy this defect that the present Invention is'
designed..
The Invention consists in mounting the "temples" on hinges or pivots, and'
causing them to vibrate up and down, so as to raise or lower the cloth, in
order that the same part of the dents of the reed may not always beat up'
against the cloth. This vibrating or moving up and down of the "temples,”
so as to present the edge of the cloth to different parts of the reed, may be
effected in a variety of ways, for instance, by means of a heart wheel or cam
revolving with the " temple," and acting against a fixed stud or pin; or the
heart wheel or cam may be placed on the end of the emery roller or the cloth
roller, and actuate a lever in connection with the "temple" or the gradually
increasing diameter of the cloth beam may be caused by means of levers to
raise the temples slowly up as the weaving proceeds. In fact, it will be
evident that the raising and lowering of the "temples," whether continuous or
alternative, may be effected by connecting them to any convenient and suitable
moving part of the loom.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention for improvements
in "temples" used in weaving textile 'fabrics, we will proceed to describe in
détail some of the many modifications of which the same is capable. And in
order that our Invention may be clearly understood, we have annexed hereunto
Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with
figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof, that is to say :-
Figure 1 in the accompanying Drawings is a detached view representing
the application of our Invention to the "temple" of a loom where the emery

page_text: roller is. dispensed with; and the cloth is wound direct on to the cloth beam
or roller. A is the breast beam of the loom; B, the cloth beam or roller;
and C, the self-acting temple. This temple is mounted on a spring C*, as
usual, but instead of being rigidly fixed, as has hitherto been invariably the
case, it is mounted on a hinge or pivot at D, and has a lever E bolted to its 5
under side. The lever E has attached to it an arm F; one end of which
carries a weight G, in order to keep the other or curved end of the same.
always in contact with a cam or excentric H, keyed upon the axis of (or
otherwise attached to) the cloth beam B. It will be evident, that as the
cloth beam B revolves, and with it the cam H, the "temple" C will rise and
fall (as shewn by the red lines) at each revolution, so as to present the edge
of the cloth to different parts of the dents of the reed, instead of its always.
"beating up" against the same point, as hitherto.
.Figure 2 shows a slight modification of the same, as adapted to a loom working
with an emery taking-up roller. The same letters of reference and description
will answer for this Figure as for Figure 1, with the exception that H is the
emery taking-up roller, and that the curved, end-of the arm F. bears. against
the surface of the cloth on the cloth beam, instead of against a cam or.
excentric. In this instance the movement of the "temple." C is a gradual.
rise as the diameter of the cloth beam increases by the winding, on, of the
cloth, instead of rising and falling alternately as in the preceding case..
Figure 3 shews a modification, whereby the increasing diameter of the cloth.
beam B may be made to raise the "temple" C in looms where the emery
roller is dispensed with. In this Figure, H is a stretcher bearing against the
surface of the cloth on the cloth beam, and attached to the spring C* by a
socket I, so that it can be adjusted higher or lower at pleasure. As the
diameter of the cloth beam increases, it forces the stretcher H outwards, and
thus gradually raises the "temple" C, as before.
.
Figure 4 exhibits another modification of our Invention, wherein the
revolution of the temple roller itself effects the lifting of the same. A is the
breast beam; B, the emery roller'; and C, the cloth beam. The temple D
is mounted on a hinge or pivot E at the upper end of the spring F, and upon
the spindle of one of the temple rollers (outside the temple) a cam or heart
wheel G is fixed. This cam acts upon the end of a bracket H, which is bolted
to the breast beam A. As the temple roller revolves by the weaving and
taking up of the cloth, the revolution of the cam G acting against the fixed
bracket H will cause the temple to rise and fall alternately, as before.
described.
Having now fully described the nature and obiect of our said Invention for

page_text: Improvements in 'Temples used in Weaving Textile Fabrics," together
with the manner in which the same is to be or may be. performed or carried
into practical effect, we would remark, in conclusion, that we do not intend
to confine ourselves to the precise details above described, and shown in the
Drawings annexed, since, as before mentioned, the movement of the "temples"
may be derived in an almost endless variety of ways, and from any convenient
and suitable moving part of the loom ; but what we desire to claim as our
Invention is, mounting the "temples" on hinges, pivots, or in any way
causing them to rise or fall (or both rise and fall alternately), in order that
the same parts of the dents of the reed may not always beat up against the
cloth, whereby the wear and tear of the reed is greatly lessened, and a
considerable economy effected.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Bailey, on behalf of myself
and of the said William Taylor, Jeremiah Pendlebury, and Richard
Harrell, have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-one:*