improvещения и мартDIC
Year: 1888

page_text: improvещения и мартоDICIVI
THOMAS GEORGE HART, Secretary to the Improved Safety Gunpowder Company
Limited, 50 Frith Street Soho, W. do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of an improved form of Gunpowder
suitable for use in all kinds of Firearms. Although numerous Gunpowders have been
made from time to time having Potassic Chlorate as one of the principal ingredients
yet I am under the belief that no one has made use of the principle which I make
use of in the production of my gunpowder. The principle aforesaid consists in
applying compression to the ingredients used so that the combustion of the explosive
in the gun may be slow and gradual instead of sudden and violent. In order to
make use of this principle I do not confine myself to any ingredients to be mixed
with the Potassic Chlorate but may make use of a number of ingredients. For
instance, I incorporate or pulverize Potassic Chlorate until it assumes an exceedingly
fine state of division, and I compress the pulverized salt into blocks, cakes or grains
for use in large guns. For use in smaller weapons, I granulate the cakes formed by
the compression of the single salt, and sift the resulting grains.
I
In order to render the larger or smaller grains explosive, 1 saturate the grains
with different reducing agents. (1.) by mixing the grains with a highly concen-
trated syrup either very hot in the air or at a moderate temperature in a vacuum.
add a little colouring matter which acts as an indicator, I dry the saturated grains and
this forms the finished gunpowder.
(2.) by mixing the grains with Nitrobenzol to which a little colouring matter has
been added.
(3.) by mixing the grains with hot Dinitrobenzene in a fluid state with colouring
matter.
(4.) by mixing with Creasote oil.
(5.) by mixing with resin dissolved in hot Alcohol and drying the resulting
explosive at a moderate temperature recovering the alcohol by condensation.

page_text: (6.) by saturating the grains with glycerine or other suitable reducing agent with
the addition of colouring matter. In cases No. 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 a suitable detonator
of nitrocellulose nitroglycerine, Mercuric Fulminate or other detonating agent is used
in carrying out my invention.
Dobed th
1
CL
1000
I, THOMAS GEORGE HART Secretary to the Improved Safety Gunpowder Company
Limited, 50 Frith Street, Soho, W. in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare
the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to the manufacture of an improved form of gunpowder
suitable for use in all kinds of. fire arms. In this invention I use chlorate of
potassium so well known in the manufacture of explosives as one of the principal
ingredients. A main feature of my invention consists in applying compression to
the ingredients used so that the combustion of the explosive in the gun may be
comparatively slow or gradual instead of sudden and violent. In making use of
this principle I do not confine myself to any ingredients to be mixed with the chlorate
but may make use of a number of ingredients.
For instance I incorporate or pulverize potassic chlorate until it assumes an
exceedingly fine state of division. I compress to the required extent this pulverized
salt by preference slightly moistened into blocks cakes or grains for use in large
guns. For powder to be used in smaller weapons 1 granulate. the cakes formed by
the compression of the single salt and. sift the resulting grains. The compression
may as
an example be about 1200 pounds per square inch but the density and
amount of compression while depending somewhat on the form and size of the blocks,
pellets or grains will vary according to the rate of combustion desired. The waste
arising in the granulation is redissolved in water, recrystallized and worked up again.
The manufacture of the blocks cakes or: grains so far involves no danger, and the
compressed material can with perfect safety be stored and transported until it be
desired to render it into an explosive.
In order to render the compressed material into an explosive I thoroughly
permeate it with different reducing agents.
1. By mixing it with a highly concentrated syrup either very hot in the air or at
a oderate temperature in a vacuum.

page_text: I by preference use pure cane sugar and dissolve it in a small or the smallest
quantity of hot pure water adding a little colouring matter, and thoroughly permeate
the chlorate material therewith so as to obtain a homogeneous mixture of the
ingredients. I dry the explosive thus produced say by means of a steam heated
stove. The permeation of the chlorate material and the subsequent handling in
drying it may be carried out with small quantities at a time to lessen the danger.
2. By permeating the compressed chlorate material with nitrobenzol to which a
little colouring matter has been added.
3. By permeating it with hot dinitrobenzene in a liquid state mixed with colouring
matter.
4. By permeating it with creosote oil.
5. By permeating it with resin dissolved in hot alcohol. The drying should be at
a moderate temperature while recovering the alcohol by condensation.
The colouring matter serves to indicate the degree of permeation, and also to
indicate during the drying process whether any decomposition is taking place.
With explosives made according to cases No. 2, 3, 4 and 5 I use a suitable
detonator of nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine, mercurial fulminate or other detonating
agent.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
First. In the manufacture of chlorate of potassium explosives the employment of
compression of the potassic chlorate material substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
Second. The manufacture of explosives from compressed potassic chlorate material
in the form of blocks cakes or grains by thoroughly permeating the same with a
saccharine solution or other suitable hydrocarbon liquid and then drying substantially
as set forth.
Third. The manufacture of explosives substantially as set forth.