A NEW OR IMPROVED ELECTRIC LAMP WITH AUTOMATIC REGULATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF LIGHTING BY ELECTRICITY, AND EFFECTING A REGULAR AND UNIFORM APPROACH OF THE TWO ELECTRODES, CANDLES, OR CARBONS, IN PROPORTION AS THEY ARE CONSUMED
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sigismund Colné, of No. 65, Gracechurch Street, in the
City of London, for an Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED ELECTRIC
LAMP WITH AUTOMATIC REGULATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF LIGHTING BY
ELECTRICITY, AND EFFECTING A REGULAR AND UNIFORM APPROACH OF THE
TWO ELECTRODES, CANDLES, OR CARBONS, IN PROPORTION AS THEY ARE
CONSUMED "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sigismund Cohné at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1881.
SIGISMUND COHNÉ, of No. 65, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London.
"A NEW OR IMPROVED ELECTRIC LAMP WITH AUTOMATIC REGULATION FOR THE
PURPOSE OF LIGHTING BY ELECTRICITY, AND EFFECTING A REGULAR AND UNIFORM
APPROACH OF THE TWO ELECTRODES, CANDLES, OR CARBONS, IN PROPORTION AS
THEY ARE CONSUMED."
Hitherto the light of electric lamps in use is subject to great unsteadiness from
flickering, caused mainly by their complicated construction, which prevents the
electro magnet from maintaining the current at the same intensity throughout, and
consequently the are cannot keep the same constant light. The object of my
Invention is to obviate these defects, in addition being of a simple construction,
based on hydrostatic principles, to reduce the cost much below that of other lamps
in use, thereby making mine more readily applicable for public places, streets, as
well as for private dwellings.
My Invention consists as follows:-
Within a cylindrical vessel containing glycerine, oil, water, or other fluid, by
preference the first named, I place a globular or other conveniently shaped float,
which float may be of metal, gutta-percha, india-rubber, cork, or other buoyant
material, or material of such a make or form to give buoyancy thereto. This float
supports two double racks secured to a top and to a bottom cross bar, forming
together a frame of the shape of a parallelogram, and the frame is worked by
vertical pinions. One candle, electrode, or carbon is fixed in each cross bar in such
manner as to be brought opposite one to each other, point to point. On each of

page_text: the two crossbars is fixed a telescopic sliding tube to enable the current to pass
through the circuit without interfering with the sliding and moving of the cross-
bars and electrodes. In the support of the submerged vessel is fixed a ratch, and
opposite to it a paul, which is drawn by the armature of an electro magnet fixed
near to the said paul.
The action of the lamp is as follows:-The two electrodes, candles, or carbons
have always a tendency by the hydrostatic law to come together, but the current
by the wire to the electro magnet which draws the armature connected with the
paul and brings it lower down, thereby causing the separation of the electrodes,
candles, or carbons, and stopping the movement of the same. This lasts as long as
the current is of sufficient intensity to keep the armature in suspense. As the
carbons consume their interval increases, the current weakens, the armature
subsides, the ratch stands free, and the crossbars immediately rise. At the same
time the two electrodes, candles, or carbons approach each other, but without
coming into contact, because the current has taken the intensity requisite to attract
the armature, and arrests the crossbars with the electrodes, candles, or carbons.
The approach and recession of the carbons are thus regulated automatically. The
gearing of the lamp is fixed to supports in any convenient manner.
A modification of my lamp may be constructed with a single pair of racks; the
float carries a rack on which the lower candle is supported, and that rack by means
of a pinion works a counter rack, on the top of which is a crossbar, and at the
extreme end of it is a pulley resting against a perpendicular rod to assist to preserve
the candle in a right line to descend, or a rack and a pinion can be used.
My Invention will be seen to consist therefore, firstly, in the arrangement of
crossbars and their connections with the buoyant float; secondly, in the telescopic
sliding tube; thirdly, in the use of glycerine within the cylindrical vessel;
fourthly, in the mode of connecting of the electro magnet with the ratch and paul;
and, lastly, in in the general arrangement and construction of electric lamps, all as
in this Provisional Specification described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Sigismund Cobné in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st November 1881.
SIGISMUND COHNÉ, of No. 65, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London.
"A NEW OR IMPROVED ELECTRIC LAMP WITH AUTOMATIC REGULATION FOR THE
PURPOSE OF LIGHTING BY ELECTRICITY, AND EFFECTING A REGULAR AND UNIFORM
APPROACH OF THE TWO ELECTRODES, OR CANDLES, OR CARBONS, IN PROPORTION
AS THEY ARE CONSUMED."
Hitherto the light of electric lamps in use is subject to great unsteadiness from
flickering, caused mainly by their complicated construction, which prevents the
electro magnet from maintaining the current at the same intensity throughout, and
consequently the arc cannot keep the same constant light.
The object of my Invention is to obviate these defects, in addition to the electric
lamp being of a simple construction, based on hydrostatic principles, to reduce the
cost much below that of other lamps in use, thereby making mine more readily
applicable for public places, streets, as well as for private dwellings. My Invention
consists as follows:-
Within a cylindrical vessel containing glycerine, oil, water, or other fluid, by
preference the first named, I place a globular or other conveniently shaped float,
which may be of metal, gutta-percha, india-rubber, cork, or other buoyant material,
or material of such a make or form as to give buoyancy thereto. This float
supports two double racks secured to a top and to a bottom crossbar, forming
together a frame of the shape of a parallelogram, and the frame is worked by
vertical pinions. One candle, electrode, or carbon is fixed in each crossbar in such
a manner as to be brought opposite one to each other, point to point. On each of
the two crossbars is fixed a telescopic sliding tube to enable the current to pass
through the circuit without interfering with the sliding and the moving of the
crossbars and electrodes. In the support of the submerged vessel is fixed a ratch,
and opposite to it a paul representing the feeder, which is drawn by the armature
of an electro magnet fixed near to the said paul.
The paul, which serves as a feeder, consists of a wheel actuated by a cam attached
to an armature of an electro magnet. The wheel projects so as to throw into gear
the ratch of the float. When the current enters the electro magnet it attracts the
armature, and with it the cam, pushing the wheel carrying the ratch downwards,
separating the two carbons, thus forming the arc. As soon as the current breaks
the armature becomes released, the wheel is free to revolve, and allows the ratch to
move up and feed the carbons.
The action of the lamp is as follows:-The two electrodes, candles, or carbons
have always a tendency by the hydrostatic law to come together, but the current
passes by the wire to the electro magnet, which draws the armature connected with
the paul and brings it lower down, thereby causing the separation of the electrodes,
or candles, or carbons, and stopping the movement of the same.
This lasts as long
as the current is of sufficient intensity to keep the armature in suspense. As the
carbons consume their interval increases, the current weakens, the armature
subsides, the ratch stands free, and the crossbars immediately rise. At the same
time the two electrodes, candles, or carbons approach each other, but without
coming into contact, because the current has taken the intensity requisite to
attract the armature, and arrests the crossbars with the electrodes, candles, or
carbons.
The approach and recession of the carbons are thus regulated automatically.
The gearing of the lamp is fixed to supports in any convenient manner.

page_text: A modification of my lamp may be constructed with a single pair of racks; the
float carries a rack, on which the lower candle is supported, and that rack by means
of a pinion works a counter rack, on the top of which is a crossbar, and at the
extreme end of it is a pulley resting against a perpendicular rod to assist to preserve
the candle in a right line to descend, or a rack and pinion can be used.
My Invention will be seen to consist therefore, firstly, in the arrangement of
crossbars, and their connection with the buoyant float; secondly, in the telescopic
sliding tubes; thirdly, in the use of glycerine within the cylindrical vessel;
fourthly, in the mode of connecting the electro magnet with the ratch and paul;
and, lastly, in the general arrangement and construction of electric lamps, all as
herein before described.
I claim as my Invention,-
1. The telescopic sliding tubes for conducting the current, substantially as
herein before described.
2. The construction of the paul or feeder, substantially as herein before
described.
3. The use of glycerine for raising the ratch.
4. The arrangement and construction of the electric lamp, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sigismund Cohné, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty first day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
(SUT)
CENTOTASININ