IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING APPARATUS OR KITCHEN RANGES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ebenezer Thornton, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Ironmonger and Hot Water Engineer, for the Invention
... }}
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ebenezer Thornton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th March 1873.
I, EBENEZER THORNTON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Iron-
monger and Hot Water Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING APPARATUS OR KITCHEN
RANGES" (to be as follows):-
--
This Invention relates to further improvements in the combined
"Yorkshire and Leamington ranges," for which Letters Patent were
granted to the present applicant, dated the First day of September,
A.D., 1871, No. 2306, and the present improvements have for their
special object the economizing of fuel, and comprise,―
Firstly. End irons having dovetailed projections thereon, which admit

page_text: forming slides for the said end irons, so that they may be raised or
lowered by the movement of the bottom grate and admit of the "sliding
crow" passing freely over the said end irons.
Secondly. The Invention relates to an improved means and apparatus
of using illuminating gas and atmospheric air in connection with cooking
ranges when fire is not in the range, and to accomplish this object I
construct the side and top bars of the grate hollow, the top bar being
pierced with a number of holes, which serve as burners; the gas is
connected with each side bar; the latter are open at the bottom or
sides to admit air. The advantage of this arrangement is that the gas
employed is consumed immediately under the chimney or flue, so that
the noxious gases or fumes arising from the combustion of illuminating
gas for cooking purposes pass direct to the chimney, and so not only
greatly economizes gas but entirely removes the objection to the use of
gas on such cooking apparatus as heretofore employed. The gate bars
proper I form of a number of horizontal bars united by vertical bars,
and provide studs which enter holes in the bottom cross bar, so that the
bars may readily be lifted out and replaced as required. I also attach to
the second or third rib a "swing trivet, so that when the fire is low
this may be employed, and when not in use it is turned under the top 1
rib and is not in any way incommodius.
Thirdly. The boiler for heating water used in connection with the
range is constructed with a graduated flue, that is, the aperture for the
passage of flame and heated gasses at the side nearost the flue or chimney
vent is contracted, and the back of the said boiler is extended so as to
afford a more complete circulation and action of the heat. This boiler is
applicable to kitchen or cooking ranges generally.
And laustly. The "plate rack "is extended over the whole of the oven
fire and boiler space, and the flues of the hot plate boiler and ashes draft
are cast together and divided by midfeathers, so that any one of these
may be in operation separately and independently of the other.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ebenezer Thornton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th September 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EBENEZER
THORNTON, of Bradford, in the County of York, Ironmonger and Hot
Water Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Ebenezer Thornton, Her special licence
that I, the said Ebenezer Thornton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Ebenezer Thornton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING
APPARATUS OR KITCHEN RANGES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Ebenezer Thornton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ebenezer Thornton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to
say :-
-
This Invention relates to further improvements in the combined
"Yorkshire and Leamington ranges," for which Letters Patent were
granted to the present applicant, dated the First day of September,
A.D., 1871, No. 2306, and the present improvements have for their
special object the economizing of fuel, and comprise,―

page_text: Firstly. End irons having dovetailed projections thereon, which admit
of the raising and lowering of these irons in corresponding projections,
forming slides for the said end irons, so that they may bo raised or
lowered by the movement of the bottom grate, and admit of the sliding
crow" passing freely over the said end irons.
66
Secondly. The Invention relates to an improved means and apparatus
of using illuminating gas and atmospheric air in cooking ranges, when
fire is not in the range; and to accomplish the object I construct the
side and top bars of the grate hollow, the top bar being pierced with a
number of holes which serve as burners; the gas is connected with each
side bar; the latter are open at the bottom or sides to admit air. The
advantage of this arrangement is that the gas employed is consumed
immediately under the chimney or flue, so that the noxious gases or
fumes arising from the combustion of illuminating gas for cooking
purposes pass direct to the chimney, and so not only greatly economizes
gas but entirely removes the objection to the use of gas on such cooking
apparatus as heretofore employed. The grate bars proper I form of a
number of horizontal bars united by vertical bars, and provide studs
which enter holes in the bottom cross bar, so that the bars may readily
be lifted out and replaced as required. I also attach to the second or
third rib a "swing trivet," so that when the fire is low this may be
employed, and when not in use it is turned under the top rib and is not
in any way incommodious.
Thirdly. The boiler for heating water used in connection with the
range is constructed with a graduated flue, that is, the aperture for the
passage of flame and heated gases at the side nearest the flue or chimney
vent is contracted, and the back of the said boiler is extended so as to
afford a more complete circulation and action of the heat. This boiler is
applicable to kitchen or cooking ranges generally.
Lastly. The "plate rack" is extended over the whole of the oven fire
and boiler space, and the flues of the hot plate boiler and ashes draft
are cast together and divided by midfeathers, so that any one of these
may be in operation separate and independent of the other.
;
The nature and particulars of this Invention will be clearly understood
by the following description, aided by the Drawings annexed.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a range having my improvements
attached

page_text: Fig. 8 is a plan view, detached, of the "plate rack" and flues.
A, A, are the end irons which are received on projections on the boiler
and oven sides, which enter the recesses in these end irons, as shewn
at B in Fig. 3.
At E is shewn the arrangement of pipes for the employment of
illuminating gas and atmospheric air. The side bars F, F, and the top
bar G are cast hollow. G' is a pipe supplying illuminating gas; G³ is
the atmospheric air pipe open at its lowest part; the gas and air mingle
and are consumed at the perforations in the top bar G; any noxious
gases arising from such combustion pass direct to the chimney. E¹ shews
a pipe for the supply of gas and air secured to a projection forming part of
the top bar G by means of a screw at g, the air entering at the apertures h,
the gas being admitted to the said pipe through the conical interior
tube m.
The grate bars proper J I form of a number of horizontal bars
united by vertical bars, and provide studs which enter holes in the
bottom cross bar K, so that the bars may readily be lifted out and
replaced as required. I also attach to the second or third rib a "swing
trivet" L, so that when the fire is low this may be employed, and
when not in use it is turned under the top rib and is not in any way
incommodious.
The boiler M. for heating water used in connection with the range is
constructed with a graduated flue N, that is, the aperture for the passage
of flame and heated gases at the side nearest the flue or chimney vent is
contracted, and the back of the said boiler is extended so as to effect a
more complete circulation and action of the heat. This boiler is applicable
to kitchen or cooking ranges generally.
The "plate rack" P is extened over the whole of the oven fire and
boiler space, and the flues R and S of the hot plate boiler and ashes
draft are cast together and divided by midfeathers W, so that any
one of these may be in operation separate and independent of the
other.

page_text: Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my
said Invention, I would have it understood that I claim,―
Firstly. The end irons constructed as above described and illustrated.
Secondly. The means and apparatus for employing and using illumi-
nating gas and atmospheric air when applied as shewn in the Drawings.
and herein described.
Thirdly. The movable grate bars as described and illustrated.
Fourthly. The formation of the flue of the flue of the boiler M, as
described.
Lastly. The "plate rack" as described, together with the flues diverted
by midfeathers, as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ebenczor Thornton, havo hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
EBENEZER THORNTON. (L.S.)
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Tasker & Brierley,
Patent Agents,
Halifax, Bradford, & Blackburn.