Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 9th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 14th Sept., 188
1, DAVID GEORGE HOEY, of 196 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Chartered Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this
Invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
My said Invention has for its object by means of improved arrangements or apparatus
to secure in halls, rooms, or other interiors, satisfactory ventilation or a continuous
thorough change or renewal of air, without draughts, and without the interference of
fresh entering air with outgoing heated or vitiated air.
In carrying out my Invention I arrange one or more outlets for the vitiated air at
or near the top of the hall or other interior or otherwise with the outer exit at a high
level; and if necessary I apply a gas light or other heating apparatus in or near each
outlet to heat and rarefy the air and thereby promote its outward flow.
For the entrance of the fresh air I fix a dado at all conveniently available parts
round the hall or other interior with a narrow space between the dado and the wall;
and at the top of the dado I fix wire gauze or perforated sheet metal, by preference in
an inclined position so that articles may not be placed on it. Fresh air is admitted
into the dado space through a considerable number of inlets and finds its way through
the wire gauze or perforated sheet metal into the hall or interior. The inlets into the
dado space are at the lower part of it, and they are made so numerous and so dis-
tributed as to cause throughout the upper part of the dado space a uniform pressure
without unequal currents. The fresh air enters the hall or interior in a uniform
manner from the top of all parts of the dado, and without draughts or irregular
currents, and its notion will be scarcely perceptible although it may enter in quantity
sufficient to change the entire bulk of air in the hall or interior in a short time. If
convenient the inlets into the dado space may communicate directly with the outer

page_text: atmosphere; but in many cases it will be more convenient, and generally it will be
preferable, to have such inlets at the bottom of ducts, which may be of oblong section
horizontally, extending vertically up the walls of the hall or interior and com-
municating at the top or at any other convenient point with the outer atmosphere.
The admission of the fresh air may be regulated by dampers or valves applied to the
inlets, and by adjusting the heating apparatus at the outlet or outlets.
The entering fresh air may be warmed when desired by means of steain or hot-water
pipes arranged in the dado space.

page_text: Improvements in Arrangements or Apparatus for Ventilating Halls,
Rooms, or other Interiors.
I, DAVID GEORGE HOEY, lately of 196 St. Vincent Street, but now of 8 Gordon
Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Chartered Accountant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My said Invention has for its object, by means of improved arrangements of
apparatus, to secure in halls, rooms, or other interiors, satisfactory ventilation or a
continuous thorough change or renewal of air, without draughts, and without the
interference of fresh entering air with outgoing heated or vitiated air.
In carrying out my Invention I arrange one or more outlets for the vitiated air at
or near the top of the hall or other interior, or otherwise with the outer exit at a high
level; and if necessary I apply a gas light or other heating apparatus in or near each
outlet to heat and rarefy the air and thereby promote its outward flow.
For the entrance of the fresh air, without currents or draughts, I fix a dado at all
conveniently available parts round the hall, or other interior, with a narrow space
between the dado and the wall; and at the top of the dado I fix wire gauze or
perforated sheet metal, placing it by preference in an inclined position so that articles
may not be placed on it to impede the passage of the air through it. Fresh air is
admitted into the dado space through a considerable number of inlets, and finds its
way through the wire gauze or perforated sheet metal into the hall or interior. The
inlets into the dado space are at the lower part of it, and they are made so numerous
and so distributed as to cause throughout the upper part of the dado space a uniform
pressure without unequal currents. The dado space thus becomes a reservoir of fresh
air which enters the hall or interior in a uniform manner from the top of all parts of
the dado, and without draughts or irregular currents, and its motion will be scarcely
perceptible although it may enter in quantity sufficient to change or renew the entire
bulk of air in the hall or interior in a short time. If convenient the inlets into the
dado space may communicate directly with the outer atmosphere; but in many cases
it will be more convenient, and generally it will be preferable, to have such inlets at
the bottom or inner ends of ducts, which may be of oblong section horizontally
extending vertically up the walls of the hall or interior, and communicating at the
tops or outer ends or at any other convenient point with the outer atmosphere.
Instead of the ducts being vertical they may be in any other convenient direction.
The admission of the fresh air may be regulated by valves applied to the inlets; and
by adjusting the heating apparatus at the outlet or outlets.
The entering fresh air may be warmed when desired by means of steam or hot-water
pipes arranged in the dado space. Similarly in hot weather or in a hot climate
appliances for cooling the entering air may be provided in the dado space or in ducts,
passages, or spaces through which the air passes on its way to the dado space.
The precise forms and proportions of the several structural details employed in

page_text: practically carrying out my improved system of ventilation will obviously require to
be modified to suit the peculiarities of different cases and to meet various conditions
and requirements. In order, however, that my Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same may be properly understood 1 hereunto append a sheet of
explanatory drawings to be hereinafter referred to and representing by way of
example one convenient arrangement of my improved apparatus.
Figure, 1, of the drawings is a transverse vertical section on a small scale of a hall
or room provided with the ventilating apparatus. Figures, 2, and 3, are enlarged
transverse and longitudinal vertical sections; and figure, 4, is a section showing a
different modification of parts of the apparatus. In these drawings the same reference
letters are used to mark the same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
In the arrangement shown in figures, 1, 2, and 3, of the drawings the fresh air bas
ingress through ports, A, near the top of the walls, B, into vertical ducts, C, which may
be ornamentally treated as pilasters dividing the walls into panels. Along the lower
parts of the inner sides of the walls, B, a dado, D, is fixed so as to have a narrow
space, E, between it and the walls. The vertical ducts, C, extend down nearly to the
bottom of the dado space, E, and communicate with that space by lateral openings, F.
The top of the dado is covered with wire gauze or perforated sheet metal, G, placed
in an inclined position, and the dado space so covered forms a reservoir for fresh
air of very large capacity relatively to the area of the primary inlets, A, whilst the
aggregate area of the entrance for air into the room from the top, G, of the dado is
considerably greater than that of the inlets, A. With these arrangements although
the velocity of the air entering the inlets, A, may be great, that of the air issuing from
the top, G, of the dado space, E, is so small as to occasion neither gusts draughts nor
irregular currents notwithstanding that the bulk of air entering the hall or interior
from the whole of the dado spaces at different parts may be large and amply sufficient
for thorough and complete ventilation. When it is wished to cool the entering air this
may be done by placing within the lower part of each vertical duct, C, a vessel, H,
containing a frigorific mixture or other cooling agent; or the cooling vessel or
apparatus, H, may be placed in any suitable space so that the entering air may pass
in contact with the cooling surface. When it is wished to warm the air, pipes for
steam or hot water may be arranged in the dado spaces, E. The quantity of air
admitted may be at any time regulated by means of throttle valves, V, or valves of
any other suitable kind.
One or more outlets for vitiated, used, or heated air from the hall or interior may
be provided in various ways; and should always be proportioned to suit the ingress
area provided for fresh air and so as to be adequate the expansion of air by heat being
taken into account. The outlet apparatus in the example shown in the accompanying
drawing comprises a vertical shaft or duct, J, extending from the middle of the
ceiling of the hall or interior up above the roof, this shaft being surmounted by a
hood, K, turning from the wind and there being at the bottom of it a ring, L, of gas
jets. The gas jets may be used when required for illumination, or they may be turned
down low or be of smaller size when used to merely produce some heat to rarefy
the air passing up the shaft, J, and thus promote or assist the upward current and
outflow of the vitiated or used air.
In the case of comparatively small interiors or apartments or in large interiors
when more convenient the outlet for the vitiated or used air may be by an ordinary
chimney there being an opening into such chimney at or near the top of the interior
or apartment. The chimney may be that of an ordinary fireplace, or it may be
distinct and separate from such a chimney, or it may communicate with such chimney
by a flue descending from the opening at the top of the interior or apartment.
In the modification of air admission apparatus shown in figure, 4, the vertical
ducts, C, are dispensed with, and inlet ports, M, are formed through the lower parts of
the walls, B, to lead air from the outside directly into the bottom of the dado space, E.
Each opening in the wall may be made large enough to contain a vessel, H, for a
frigorific mixture or other cooling agent for cooling the air. A valve, V, is provided
for regulating the quantity of air admitted.

page_text: Having now particularly described and. ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
1 claim is :-
1-The improved system of arrangements or apparatus for ventilating halls, rooms
or other interiors, substantially as herein before described.
2-The combination of parts forming iny improved ventilating apparatus sub-
stantially as shown in the accompanying drawings and hereinbefore described.
3-In arrangements or apparatus for ventilating halls, rooms, or other interiors
providing dado spaces or equivalent reservoirs with tops of wiro gauze or perforated
sheet metal and with several inlets, for the purpose of distributing the entering air
over a considerable extent of space along the walls, substantially as bereinbefore
described.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicant's Agent.