An IMPROVED ATTEMPERATOR FOR UNION AND TUNNING CASKS USED IN BREWING
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Allen Bindley, of Burton-on-Trent, in the
County of Stafford, Managing Brewer, for the Invention of "An
IMPROVED ATTEMPERATOR FOR UNION AND TUNNING CASKS USED IN
BREWING."
Sealed the 27th July 1869, and dated the 1st June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Allen Bindley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st June 1869.
I, JOHN ALLEN BINDLEY, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of
Stafford, Managing Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED ATTEMPERATOR FOR UNION AND TUNNING CASES
USED IN BREWING," to be as follows:-
In the tubes ordinarily employed for introducing water as an
attemperating medium into union and tunning casks a serious defect

page_text: exists arising from the fact that the size of the pipe or outer casing
must always be limited by the size of the screwed nozzle or other
aperture forming the entrance to the cask. The surface available for
influencing the temperature of the beer by forcing water through these
pipes is therefore very limited, and its influence is but locally felt, inas-
much as the straight pipes now used pass in a direct line through
that portion only of the cask which is opposite the bung or screw
nozzle, leaving the rest of its contents comparatively unaffected as to
temperature.
Now my improvement consists in employing instead of the ordinary
attemperator pipe and casing a pair of tubes laid side by side and coiled
together into a large tapered spiral roughly approximating in form to
that of the cask in which they are to be employed, but of smaller
diameter than the interior of the cask. I connect one of these pipes
with the inlet nozzle and the other with the outlet nozzle usually
employed with the ordinary attemperators, and I connect the extremities
of the pipes themselves at the termination of the spiral so that the
course of the water shall be along one and back by the other throughout
the entire spiral. This duplex spiral pipe being firmly fixed by its inlet
and outlet nozzles, as described, to the ordinary screw, bung, or closure
of the cask, the spiral form given to the pipes enables them to be
introduced through the ordinary aperture of the cask till the screw
closure comes up to its flange and is secured. I thus accomplish the
introduction into the cask of an attemperator of much greater surface
area than that which is ordinarily in use, and what is much more
important capable of uniformly regulating the temperature throughout
the cask.
In the case of those attemperators which are fixed horizontally in the
cask I provide projections or props either firmly attached to cortain
points on the spiral or free to move thereon, or I provide a ledge at the
end of the cask for the point of the spiral to rest in, employing cach or
any of these expedients for the purpose of supporting the spiral when
its axis is in a horizontal position.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Allen Bindley in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 1st December 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
ALLEN BINDLEY, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of Stafford,
Managing Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Fler heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said John Allen Biudley, Her special licence that I,
the said John Allen Bindley, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Allen Bindley, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED ATTEMPERATOR
FOR UNION AND TUNNING CASKS USED IN BREWING," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Allen Bindley, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under niy, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar monthis next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Allen Bindley, do lerchy
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the samo
is to. be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
In the tubes ordinarily employed for introducing water as au
attemperating medium into union and tunning casks a serious defect
exists, arising from the fact that the size of the pipe or outer casing
must always be limited by the size of the screwed nozzle or other
aperture forming the entrance to the cask. The surface available for

page_text: influencing the temperaturo of the beer by forcing water through these
pipes is therefore very limited, and its influence is but locally felt, inas-
much as tho straight pipes now used pass in a direct line through
that portion only of the cask which is opposite the bung or screw
nozzle leaving the rest of its contents comparatively unaffected as to
temperature.
Now my improvement consists in employing instead of the ordinary
attemperator or pipe and casing a pair of tubes laid side by side and
coiled together into a large tapered spiral roughly approximating in
form to that of the cask in which they are to be employed, but of smaller
diameter than the interior of the cask. I connect one of these pipes
with the inlet nozzle and the other with the outlet nozzle usually
employed with the ordinary attemperators, and I connect the extremities
of the pipes themselves at the termination of the spiral, so that the
course of the water shall be along one and back by the other through-
out the entire spiral. This duplex spiral pipe being firmly fixed by
its inlet and outlet nozzles, as described, to the ordinary screw, bung,
or closure of the cask, the spiral farm given to the pipes enables them
to be introduced through the ordinary aperture of the cask till tho
screw closure comes up to its flange and is secured. I thus acocmplish
the introduction into the cask of an attemperator of much greater
surface area than that which is ordinarily in use, and what is much more
important capable of uniformly regulating the temperature throughout
the cask.
In the case of those attemperators which are fixed horizontally in the
cask I provide projections or props either firmly attached to certain
points on the spiral or free to move thercon, or I provide a ledgo at the
end of the cask for the point of the spiral to rest upon, in employing
each or any of these expedients for the purpose of supporting the spiral
when its axis is in a horizontal position.
In the accompanying Drawings I have represented the manner in
which I prefer to carry my Invention into effect.
Figure 1 is a view shewing two casks a, b, lodged upon a stand or
frame c; one of these casks is represented with the "head" or end
removed to show the coils of pipes d, e, forming my improved attempo-
rator arranged in a spiral manner in the inside. The coils of pipes d, e,
having been introduced into the cask through the ordinary bung hole,

page_text: or one provided specially for the purpose, which is fitted with a screw
collar for receiving a plate on the end of the pipes, which plato
has connected to it two taps g, h, one to act as a nozzle and lead the
water into the coil d, while the other tap h acts as the outlet to admit
of the water which has returned through the coil e, leaving the cask
after having thrown off its cooling properties and reduced the temperature
of the beer or other liquid in the same. The ends of the coils are con-
nected so that a free passage for the water is established between one
coil and the other. To prevent the ends of the coils being injured by
coming into contact with the inside of the cask while they are being
turned on inserting them, I fit a projection or point i on the ends of
the same to act as a guide or protection.
Figure 2 is an end view of a cask showing the face of the plate f
and the arrangement of the inlet and outlet nozzles or taps g, h, fitted
in the head or end of tho cask instead of in the bung hole, as in Figure 1.
After the coils are screwed in, as above described, I attach flexible tubes
to these nozzles in any convenient manner, one of the tubes being in
connection with the water supply and the other in connection with tho
waste pipe or drain. The tub j is placed under the end of the cask for
receiving the yeast thrown off.
In Figure 3 I have shown a double coil of pipes fitted in a cask in a
similar manner to that represented in Figure 2; and in Figure 4 I have
illustrated the coils dotached.
The pipes shown in the Drawings are of a round form, but flat or
other shaped pipes may be employed, and any number of turns may be
made in the coils, so that a cooling surface large enough for the purpose
for which it is intended may be obtained.
I prefer that the coil should be of a spiral form with tapering ends,
as represented in Figure 3, so that when placed in a cask it conforms to
the general contour of the same; but I do not confine myself to making
the coils with tapered ends, as when found convenient they may be
coiled in a circular or other form corresponding to the shape of the
vessel they are intended to be placed in.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as
my Invention, the manufacture and employment of a double coil of
pipes laid side by side, and connected at one end so that a continual

page_text: flow of an attemperating medium may pass through one coil and return
by the other, in the manner and for the purpose as herein-before described
and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Allen Bindley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JOHN ALLEN BINDLEY. (L.S.)