Improvements in Magazine Fire Arms.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left. 23rd Apr., 1889-Accepted, 22nd June, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Magazine Fire Arms.
I, JOSEF SCHULHOF, of No. 4 Nibelungengasse, Vienna, in the Empire of Austria,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MAGAZINE FIRE ARMS" to be as follows :-
This invention relates to fire arms with a sliding breech bolt and a drum magazine
below the breech chamber, essentially similar to the magazine patented to me by
Letters Patent No. 10423, dated July 26th, 1887.
In the annexed drawings these improvements are shown.
Fig. 1 shows the breech bolt complete.
Fig. 1 shows the hand piece.
Fig. 2 shows the firing pin.
Fig. 3 is a rear view of the improved magazine detached from the gun.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through the same, and,
Fig. 5 is a front view of the magazine.
The breech bolt a is of cylindrical form and similar to the "Mauser "or
"Berdan
"
rifle locks by means of a locking rib a¹. Near its rear end bolt a is provided with
the handle or hand piece which is preferably made of one piece with the bolt or
rigidly attached thereto.
This handle is provided with two notches 12 (Fig. 1) the object of which
will be hereinafter described.
The firing pin c fits into and slides in the breech bolt, where it is guided in front
by its thick part e and in the rear by the screw 2, into a central hole of which the
thinner part fits, the said screw c² being screwed into the rear end of bolt a as
shown in Fig. 1.
Between said screw c³ and the shoulder
parts of the firing pin, spring s is coiled.
attached which carries the guide rib d.
rear end of the breech case in which
fired.
formed by parts c¹ and upon the latter
To the rear end of firing pin e a button dis
Rib d¹ fits into a suitable groove in the
it slides as the bolt is opened, closed or
When the bolt is open, that is, withdrawn from the breech case, rib d¹ being held
in its position by its guiding groove at the rear end of the breech, the said bolt stands
in the position shown in Fig. 1, locking rib a' stands upward and the rounded point
of guide rib d is in notch of handle b. As will be seen from the drawing this
notch is the more shallow one of the two and consequently does not permit rib d¹
and with it the firing pin to advance far enough to let the striking point of the firing
pin protrude in front of the bolt.
In this position the bolt may be safely pushed forward with a loaded cartridge
in front without any danger of the point of the firing pin touching the cap of the
cartridge.
Notwithstanding that the firing pin is arrested by the sear as the bolt is being
pushed in and that the trigger should be pulled before the bolt has been locked,
that is, the handle & turned down, firing pin c, with its guide rib d', would strike
into notch or recess and its point be prevented from touching the cartridge.
When, however, handle is turned down, in order to bring locking rib a' into its
recess in the breech case, rib d' is brought in line with the deeper notch or recess
(Fig. 1) and the pin is released, it will move a sufficient distance to strike and fire
the cartridge.
When handle b is again turned upwards in order to open the bolt, the tapered
point of rib d¹ slides over the inclined surface of notch 61 back again into the
shallow notch 2. For securing the pin and arresting the motion of the bolt it

page_text: suffices to withdraw the pin c far enough by its button d to bring rib d² out of its
guiding groove in the rear of the breech and to turn it to the left side, permitting
t to be again pulled forward by the force of its spring s.
In this position the entire breech mechanism is locked. As soon as rib d¹ is again
introduced into its groove the bolt can be reoperated.
The magazine similar to the one described in my said Letters Patent No. 1042387
consists of a hollow drum e of conical shape and accessible by a flap or door el moving
upon hinges. The spring catch or lock of this door e¹ has been replaced by a solid
lip by means of which it may be opened, the said door or flap el being kept closed
by a spring attached to the rear end of the magazine pressing upon a suitable
projection on the lower part of said door.
In the interior of the magazine is placed a hollow drum f to which the feeding
wing or web n is rigidly attached. This hollow drum f is supported and carried by
an axle or shaft g provided with a key or rib g¹ that fits into a suitable key seat in
the interior of drum f so that both drum and shaft will rotate together. One part
of shaft g is of somewhat smaller diameter and carries the spring which is thus
placed inside the drum. To one end of spring h a washer or ring is attached
which fits over the smaller part of shaft g and is there retained by a small key or
projection that fits into a corresponding groove or seat. 3 in the shaft g. In this
manner drum f, shaft and spring are so connected that they must rotate together
by the uncoiling of said spring.
The free end of spring is bent straight and projects rearwardly to the outside of the
magazine. This rear end of the magazine is closed by a screw plug in the central
whole of which shaft g turns. Throughout the length of plug i and parallel to its
axis a cut or groove is made large enough for the reception of said free end of
spring h. When drum f, shaft g, and spring hare put together, as shown in Fig. 4,
plug i, is with its above described notch or groove, slid over the free end of spring h
and then screwed into the rear end or bottom of the magazine.
By thus screwing in these said parts the spring is wound or tightened. In order
to prevent plug from being again unscrewed by the force of the spring a small
screw is provided which sits close to plug and is cut out semicircular as shown.
When plug is screwed home screw is in juxtaposition with a corresponding semi-
circular notch in the plug and a half turn given to screw will turn its head into
said notch and thereby prevent plug i from turning back.
This operation of putting together the magazine must be done with door e¹ closed.
The forward end of shaft carries teeth or cogs 9² into which gears a corresponding
cog segment which is operated by the door el in such manner that when said door
is opened it will carry along segment which in turning imparts a revolution to
shaft g whereby spring is still further tightened.
•
The segment remains in the position shown in Fig. 5 until it is struck by the
door being closed, whereupon shaft ġ becomes free to be rotated back into its
original position by the tightened spring during which revolution the cartridges
contained in the magazine are fed to the breech chamber by the feeder n.
Dated this 16th day of July 1888.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Magazine Fire Arms.
I, JOSEF SCHULHOF, of No. 4 Nibelungengasse, Vienna, Austria, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
This invention relates to fire arms with a sliding breech bolt and a drum magazine,
the latter being essentially similar to the magazine patented to me by Letters
Patent No. 10423, dated July 26th 1887.
5

page_text: In the annexed drawings these improvements are shown, of which, Figure 1 is a
op view of the magazine detached from the gun.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the magazine.
Figure 3 is a rear view of the magazine when closed and Figure 4 a front view of
the same with flap or door closed.
Figures 5 and 6 show the magazine in the same views as Figures 3 and 4
respectively, but with the flap or door opened.
.
Figure 7 shows in three views the feed drum.
Figure 8 shows, in two views, the screw plug of the magazine.
Figure 9 shows, in two views, the magazine spring.
Figure 10 shows, in three views, the shaft of the feed drum.
Figure 11 is a side view of the breech case of the gun with sliding breech bolt.
Figure 12 is a side view of the sliding breech bolt.
Figure 13 shows the same seen from below.
Figure 14 shows a modification of the breech bolt.
Figure 15 shows the firing pin with spring.
Figure 16 shows, in two views, the handle of the breech bolt.
Figure 17 shows the breech bolt locked.
Figure 18 shows part of the breech bolt with stop raised to permit of its
extraction.
The magazine consists, similar to that described in Letters Patent No. 10423 of
July 26th 1887, of a hollow drum o of somewhat conical shape, which is attached
below the breech case and is accessible by a hinged flap or door o'. This door o¹,
however, is now provided with a solid lug or lip o² in place of a spring or lock catch
by means of which it may be opened. The door is kept open or closed by a spring o³
attached to the rear end of the magazine and pressing upon a suitable projection on
the lower part of the door near its hinge.
In the interior of magazine o a hollow drum p is placed to which the feeding
wing or web q is rigidly attached. This hollow cylinder p is supported and carried
by a shaft p², p3, to which it is connected by the key or feather po and key seat p¹,
shaft p, p and drum p must consequently rotate together. The said part p² of the
shaft is of a somewhat smaller diameter than part p³, and carries the spiral spring s.
To the latter a ring s¹ is attached, a projections of which fits in a corresponding
groove p of shaft p² in the manner of key and seat, thereby connecting shaft p², p³
and spring s, so that the uncoiling of the latter will cause a revolution of the
shaft p, p and drum p with feeder q. The free end of spring sis straightened out
so as to project rearward to the outside of the magazine through the hole destined
for the reception of screw plug t. This plug t has a central hole, which serves as a
bearing for the shaft p³, and another hole or groove t¹ for the reception of the free
straight end of spring s.
The other end of the shaft p², p³ is provided with teeth p¹, p₁, and is journalled in
the front end of the magazine or outside thereof in a bridge o³, as shown in Figure 2
of the drawings. The magazine is put together in the following manner :-
The flap or door of being open, feeding drum p is introduced into the magazine
and shaft p², with springs pushed through the hole in the rear part of the
magazine and through drum pinto its forward bearing; then plug t is pushed over
the straight end of springs and over the rear end of shaft p³, p³ and screwed home
into the rear wall of the magazine. As the drum p is prevented from rotating by the
feeder q striking against the partition in the top part of the magazine, the screwing
in of plug t tightens or winds spring s. In order to prevent plug t from being again
unscrewed by the force of the now tightened spring s, a small screw 3 is placed in
the rear part of the magazine close to plug t, which latter has a semicircular cut or
cavity at a corresponding part 2. Screw (³ is, on one side, also cut away, as shown in
Figure 3, to permit of the turning of plug t. When the latter has been screwed
home as before described, a half turn is given to screw t³, whereby its head enters
the notch of plug t and thus prevents its further motion.
As before stated the forward end of the shaft p², p³ is provided with teeth or

page_text: .
cogs p Into these teeth gears a cogged segment r, which is loosely pivoted
upon the hinged pivot of door o¹, so that when the latter is opened, the said
segment is carried along and made to describe about one fourth of a circle, thereby
imparting almost an entire revolution to shaft p, and also to feed drum p to the
right. This revolution of shaft p², 3 is terminated when door o¹ has been completely
opened. In this position, (shown in Figure 6), the segment is turned somewhat
beyond its proper gearing position to the teeth p, p, that is, the last tooth of
segment stands so far out of gear that it blocks or acts as a brake to shaft p², p³,
and prevents it from turning back. When the door is closed segment remains in
its position until 'struck by the door while being closed; this throws the segment
into gear again and shaft p², p³ becomes free to be rotated back by the tightened
spring, thereby feeding the cartridges by means of feeder 7 underneath the opening
in the breech case, from where they are pushed one by one into the chamber by the
reciprocating breech bolt.
The breech case d, Figure 11, is essentially similar to that of the Mauser, Gras or
Berdan rifle. The breech bolt may be provided with a locking rib or with locking
lugs, but employ, by preference, a locking rib a3 and opposite thereto on another
part of the breech bolt a locking lug a. The handle b, which by preference, is of
one piece with breech bolt a, is provided with two recesses 13, 4, the purpose of
which will be herein after described. The firing pin, Figure 15, fits into, and slides
in the breech bolt with its thicker part 2, so that its point may protrude through a
small hole in front. The thinner rear part of the firing pin carries the firing
spring and slides in a screw plug l, which is screwed into the rear end of the
breech bolt when put together. To the rear end of the firing pin a button or knob 1.
is rigidly attached and is provided with a guide rib or bar 2, which slides in a
groove in the breech tail.
In Figures 12, 13 and 14 the breech bolt is shown as it
appears when put together. The end of bar 12 is pointed or rounded off, so that it
will fit into the recesses 3, 6, of handle b. When the point of bar 7, is in the
shallower recess the firing pin is prevented from protruding from the breech bolt
and touching the cartridge. In this position the breech bolt may be introduced into
the breech case by pulling the trigger to allow it to pass over the sear. When the
handle is now turned downward to the right in order to close the bolt, bar 12, being
prevented from turning by the groove in the breech tail into which it fits the point
of bar 2 must move from recess into the deeper recess 63 as handle b.is turned.
The depth of this recess is sufficient to permit the firing pin to protrude in front
of the breech bolt by its point f. When the bolt is opened and closed again a
cartridge is pushed from the magazine into the chamber. As the bolt is pushed in
the sear of the gun arrests the firing pin and the spring is tightened. By turning
the handle downward the bolt is locked and brings recess 63, which is the deeper
one, in line with the guiding groove of bar in the breech tail. When the sear is
lowered by pulling the trigger, the firing pin strikes forward and bar entering
recess 63 permits the point of the firing pin to advance far enough to strike against
the cap of the cartridge and thus fire it. The advantage of this arrangement. is, that
as long as bolt a is not perfectly locked, recess 63 is not in a position to permit bar
to advance and the firing pin to strike the cartridge for firing it. For locking the
mechanism it suffices to draw back the firing pin sufficiently by its knob in order
to bring bar out of its guiding groove in the tail piece and to turn bar 12, with knob 1
to the left, so that the point of the former will rest in the shallower recess b* as
shown in Figure 17.
In the drawing I have shown two different ways for cocking the firing pin. The
bolt shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13 is so constructed that the sear catches bar of the
firing pin for arresting it when the bolt is being pushed in. To prevent the bolt from
being pulled out entirely, a hinged stop m is attached to locking rib a³, the headım
of which stop limits the rearward motion of the bolt by striking against. the
shoulders on the breech case, Fig. 11. When the bolt is to be withdrawn entirely
stop m is raised as shown in Fig. 18, to permit its passage over the shoulders d¹.
The bolt, shown in Figs. 14 and 15, has but a single locking rib a³ and the sear of

page_text: the trigger runs in a slot ƒ³ of the breech bolt, catching the firing pin at a shoulder ƒ^*,
Fig. 15. In this case the stop m is unnecessary and the extractor c may be of any
desired form.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what 1
claim is :-
1 In repeating fire arms, a magazine consisting of a hollow drum o, rigidly
attached to the breech part of the gun and provided with a flap or door o'; inside of
drum o a revolving drum p with feeder q, drum p carried by a shaft p*, p* attached.
thereto by key and seat, shaft p², p² carrying a springs in such manner that an
unwinding of the latter will cause said shaft p³, p³ and feed drum p, q, to revolve, one
end of shaft p³, p³ having its bearing in or outside of one end wall of the magazine
and the other end in a screw plug inserted into the other end of the magazine,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
•
2-In fire arms, a sliding breech bolt a, provided with a locking rib or ribs and a
rigid handle & with two recesses of unequal depth 63, 64, the rear end of bolt a closed
by a screw plug through which passes the firing pin f, the rear end of which
latter is provided with a knob and bar, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
3-In fire arms with sliding breech bolt, a hinged stop m attached to the breech
bolt for limiting its rearward motion, substantially as and for the purpose set forth in
the foregoing specification, and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of April 1889.
ALLISON BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.