IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING AND TWISTING YARNS AND THREADS, AND FOR MANUFACTURING WIRE ROPE
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis William Viollier, U. S. Consul at Lyons,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING AND
TWISTING YARNS AND THREADS, AND FOR MANUFACTURING WIRE ROPE."-A
communication from Mr. Antoine Ratignez, a person resident at Lyons,
France.
Sealed the 14th January 1862, and dated the 7th August 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis William Viollier
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th August 1861.
I, LOUIS WILLIAM VIOLLIER, U.S. Consul at Lyons, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING AND
TWISTING YARNS AND THREADS, AND FOR MANUFACTURING WIRE ROPE," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for doubling
and twisting yarns and threads, and for manufacturing wire rope. The
machine is composed of a horizontal shaft, which has on it at intervals bevilled
toothed wheels; these wheels gear with other bevilled toothed wheels on hori-
zontal shafts at right angles to the first shaft; on each of the second-mentioned
shafts are fixed two discs at a short distance from each other; between these
discs are three or other number of toothed wheels; these wheels are placed at
equal distances apart around the circumference of the discs, and their shafts

page_text: are supported by the discs; concentric with the two discs is a ring fixed to the
framing of the machine; this ring is formed with internal teeth, into which
the toothed wheels between the discs gear; on the end of each of the axes of
the toothed wheels which gear into the toothed ring is a frame, suitable for
carrying a bobbin; on the bobbins carried by these frames is wound the yarn
or thread or wire to be twisted and doubled.
The bobbins are prevented from turning too freely by means of a spring
pressing against them; the tension on the yarn is also regulated by the yarn
passing over or against three rods carried by each bobbin holder; on the end
of the shaft carrying the two discs above mentioned is a head, having three or
other number of holes through it, according to the number of bobbins carried
by the discs; these holes all meet together at the point of the head; the
yarn from each bobbin passes through a hole in the top of its holder, and then
passes through one of the holes in the head.
When the shaft carrying the discs is caused to rotate by means of the first-
mentioned shaft, the shafts of the bobbin holders are caused to rotate by reason
of the toothed wheels upon the shafts gearing into the stationary toothed ring,
and the yarns coming from the bobbins are thereby twisted; and as each
of the yarns passes through the head of the shaft which has the discs fixed to
it, the yarns are twisted together by the revolution of the shaft; the cord thus
formed then passes between rollers pressed together by springs; these rollers
press the cord and render it smooth; the cord is then wound on a bobbin, or
in the case of heavy cables is laid into coils.
Each of the shafts at right angles to the shaft first mentioned being com-
bined with apparatus similar to that above described, as before mentioned,
cords are produced by each of the shafts at the same time, and if desired, a set
of shafts may be placed on each side of the first or driving shaft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis William Viollier in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
WILLIAM VIOLLIER, late U. S. Consul at Lyons, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the

page_text: said Louis William Viollier, Her special licence that 'I, the said Louis
William Viollier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Louis William Viollier, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DOUBLING AND TWISTING YARNS AND THREADS,
AND FOR MANUFACTURING WIRE ROPE," a communication from Mr. Antoine
Ratignez, a person resident at Lyons, France, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Louis William Viollier, my executors or adminis
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YF, that I, the said Louis William Viollier, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for doubling
and twisting yarns and threads, and for manufacturing wire rope. The
machine is composed of a horizontal shaft, which has on it at intervals bevilled
toothed wheels; these wheels gear with other bevilled toothed wheels on hori-
zontal shafts at right angles to the first shaft; on each of these second-mentioned
shafts are fixed two discs at a short distance from each other; between these
discs are three or other number of toothed wheels; these wheels are placed at
equal distances apart around the circumference of the discs, and their shafts
are supported by the discs; concentric with the two discs is a ring, fixed to the
framing of the machine; this ring is formed with internal teeth, into which the
toothed wheels between the discs gear; on the end of each of the axes of
the toothed wheels which gear into the toothed ring is a frame, suitable for
carrying a bobbin; on the bobbins carried by these frames is wound the
yarn, or thread, or wire to be twisted and doubled.
The bobbins are prevented from turning too freely by means of a spring
pressing against them; the tension on the yarn is also regulated by the yarn
passing over or against three rods carried by each bobbin holder; on the end
of the shaft carrying the two discs above mentioned is a bead, having three or

page_text: Figure 1 is a side
ection,
Figure 2, a prim
COM
structed according to the Invention; Figures 3 and 4 shew respectively on a
larger scale an end view of a disc carrying the bobbin holders, and a section
taken between the discs to, shew the pinions G..
In these Figures, A is the main axis of the machine, which may be driven
by a crank, as shewn in the Drawing, or by other suitable means; on the shaft
are keyed the bevilled toothed wheels B, one only of which is shewn in the
Drawing; these wheels gear with the bevilled toothed wheels C, keyed on the
axes D; these axes are at right angles to the shaft A, and on each of them
are two discs E, or in place of two discs, one only may be employed; concen-
tric with each of the axes D is an internally toothed ring F, into which the
pinions G gear; these pinions are fixed on the axes H, which are supported in
bearings carried by the discs E; the axes H carry the bobbin holders I; three
bobbin holders only are shewn in the Drawing, but any other number may be
carried by the discs; K are the bobbins on which are wound the yarns, threads,
or wires which are to form the cord or rope; L are brakes to regulate the
unwinding of the bobbins; M are bars carried by the bobbin holders, over

page_text: which the thread or yarn is passed; N are holes formed through the tops of
the bobbin holders; through these holes the thread or yarn passes; the thread
or yarn also passes through holes in the arms O, so as to prevent the tension of
the thread acting obliquely on the bobbin holders; this end may also be
attained by causing the heads of the bobbin holders to turn in grooves in the
arms O; P is a conical head screwed on to the head of the axis D; through
this cone are holes which unite together at the point of the cone; the holes at
their other ends form continuations of holes R, made through the end of the
axis D; through these holes the thread or yarn is passed; T is a system of
wheels for giving motion to the rollers U and bobbins X; the rollers U, which
are pressed together by the spring V, draw forward the rope as it is made, and
at the same time smooth and compress it; the bobbins X wind up the cord as
it is made; Z, springs to keep in place the axes of the bobbins K. a are
radial grooves in the discs E; in these grooves the bearings 6 of the axes H
slide, and they can be set at any distance from the centres of the discs by set
screws, so that the diameter of the pinions G may be varied, and the twist
given to the yarn thus regulated. When the shaft A is caused to rotate it
will simultaneously give motion to each of the axes D, and the rotation of the
axes D causes the axes H to revolve also, by reason of the pinions G gearing
into the internally toothed ring F, the yarns coming from the bobbins are
thereby twisted, and as the yarns pass through the holes R in the head of the
axes D they are twisted together as the axis rotates.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis William Viollier, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Signed & sealed before me,
LOUIS WILLIAM VIOLLIER, (L.S.)
Late U.S. Consul of Lyons.
Frean cois Donsinique
Dekyon,