A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CERTAIN MATERIAL KNOWN AS 'MILANAISE,' AND NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREFOR, SUCH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE to OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Alexander Sparling, of Highgate,, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CERTAIN MATERIAL KNOWN AS 'MILANAISE,'
AND NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
THEREFOR, SUCH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE to
OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Alexander Sparling
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1881.
JOHN ALEXANDER SPARLING, of Highgate, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CERTAIN
MATERIAL KNOWN AS 'MILANAISE,' AND NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREFOR, SUCH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BEING
ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to a new or improved method of manufacturing a certain
material known as "milanaise" (a material having a cotton core or foundation
covered with silk, and used for weaving into textile fabrics), and to new or improved
machinery or apparatus to be employed in the manufacture of the same, said
machinery or apparatus being also applicable to covering telephone or telegraph
wires, and other cores or strands, and to other like purposes.
For the purposes of my Invention the machine carries two spindles, on one of
which is mounted a delivery bobbin or spool containing the cotton or other
material to be covered, and on the other a receiving disc or bobbin to receive the
covered cotton or other covered material. The cotton or other material is wound
on a spool or bobbin, which is fixed on a horizontal spindle carrying a flyer, which
flyer is furnished with a spring working in a groovo cut in the head of the spindle;
the cotton core or other material is first passed through the eyes of the flyer, and
passes thence in a horizontal direction to the flyer of the receiving spindle and on
Price G21

page_text: to the receiving disc or bobbin. The receiving spindle and the disc or bobbin
attached to it are mounted horizontally, and are driven by suitable gearing in the
same direction as the delivering bobbin and spindle, so that the cotton or other
core (or strand or strands) revolves on its axis without twisting, both the
receiving and the delivering spindles being in a horizontal position and opposite
to each other, so that the cotton or other core is in a horizontal line.
Two tables or crecls are placed between the two spindles, one on each side of
the cotton core or other material to be covered; these tables carry a number of
spools or bobbins containing the silk or other covering material, and the threads
from these spools or bobbins pass through guide eyes or combs mounted on the
tables, and thence to the cotton or other core to bo 'covered. On the spindles
being revolved the cotton or other core by its revolution draws the silk or
other covering material from these spools or bobbins, which thereby becomes
wound round it.
The flyer of the receiving disc or bobbin is furnished with friction wheels, and
is secured by means of a screw to the end of the spindle which carries the receiving
disc or bobbin, and revolves with that spindle. The receiving bobbin or disc turns
easily on the spindle which carries the flyer and revolves in the same direction
as tho flyer and spindle, but not at the same speed. The effect of this difference
of speed is that by means of the flyer the covered cotton or other covered
material is gradually wound round the receiving disc or bobbin and thereby
drawn off from the delivery bobbin, it being covered during its progress from one
bobbin to the other by the silk or other covering material by reason of such
core revolving with the spindles. The difference in speed is caused by a short
spindle carrying two pinions or change wheels which are mounted thereon and
revolve therewith, these two pinions or change wheels gear into two other pinions
or change wheels, one of which is keyed on nnd revolves with the spindle carrying
the flyer, and the other pinion or change wheel into one which is mounted loose on
the same spindle, and which is connected with the receiving disc or bobbin.
The required number of twists to be given to the covering material and the
relative speeds of the flyer and receiving bobbin may be varied according to the
requirements of the case by substituting other change wheels or pinions for those
previously iú use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Alexander Sparling in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st December 1881.
'
JOHN ALEXANDER SPARLING, of Highgate, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CERTAIN
MATERIAL KNOWN AS MILANAISE,' AND NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED THEREFOR, SUCH MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BEING
ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to a new or improved method of manufacturing a certain
material known as "milanaise" (a material having a cotton core or foundation
covered with silk and used for weaving into textile fabrics) and to new or improved
machinery or apparatus to be employed in the manufacture of the same, said
machinery or apparatus being also applicable to covering telephone and telegraph
wires and wires used in other electrical apparatus and other cores or strands, and
to other like purposes.
For the purposes of my Invention the machine carries two spindles, on one of
which is mounted a delivery bobbin or spool (containing the cotton or other
material to be covered), and on the other a receiving disc or bobbin (to receive the
covered cotton or other covered material). The cotton or other material is wound
on a spool or bobbin which is fixed on a horizontal spindle carrying a flyer, which
Ayer is furnished with a spring working in a groove cut in the head of the spindlo ;
the cotton core or other material is first passed through the eyes of the flyer, and
passes thence in a horizontal direction to the flyer of the receiving spindle and on
to the receiving disc or bobbin. The receiving spindle and disc or bobbin attached
to it are mounted horizontally, and are driven by suitable gearing in the same
direction as the delivery bobbin and spindle, so that the cotton or other core (or
strand or strands) revolves on its axis, both the receiving and the delivery spindles
being in a horizontal position and opposite to each other, so that the cotton or
other core is in a horizontal line.
Two tables or creels are placed between the two spindles, one on each side of the
cotton core or other material to be covered.
These tables carry a number of spools or bobbins containing the silk or other
covering material, and the threads from these spools or bobbins pass through
guide eyes or combs mounted on the tables, and thence to the cotton or other core
to be covered.
On the spindles being revolved the cotton or other core by its revolution draws
the silk or other covering material from the spools or bobbins, which thereby
becomes wound round it.
The flyer of the receiving disc or bobbin is furnished with friction wheels, and is
secured by means of a screw to the end of the spindle which carrics the receiving
disc or bobbin, and revolves with that spindle. The receiving bobbin or disc turns
easily on the spindle which carrics the flyer and revolves in the same direction as
the flyer and spindle, but not at the same speed. The effect of this difference of
speed is that by means of the flyer the covered cotton or other covered material is
gradually wound round the receiving disc or bobbin, and thereby drawn off
from the delivery bobbin, it being covered during its progress from one bobbin to
the other by the silk or other covering material by reason of such core revolving
with the spindles. The difference in speed is caused by a short spindle carrying
two pinions or change wheels which are mounted thereon and revolve there with ;
these two pinions or change wheels gear into two other pinions or change wheels,
one of which is keyed on and revolves with the spindle carrying the flyer, and the
other pinion or change wheel into one which is mounted loose on the same spindle,
and which is connected with the receiving disc or bobbin.

page_text: The required number of twists to be given to the covering material and the
relative speeds of the flyer and receiving bobbin may be varied according to tho
requirements of the case by substituting or change wheels or pinions for those
previously in use.
And in order that my Invention may be more fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I proceed to describe same with reference to the annexed
Drawings, in which
Fig. I is a side elevation of a machine or apparatus for manufacturing "milanaise,"
and Fig. 2 a plan of same.
Figs. 3, 4, and 5, are details of certain parts.
For the purposes of iny Invention the machine or apparatus consists of a table
or platform A, on which I fix two strong frames or supports B, B', which carry
three horizontal spindles C, C1, C2, those marked C, C, being carried by the frame
or support B. On the spindle C is keyed the delivery bobbin or spool c containing
the cotton core a to be covered, and which, according to my Invention, revolves
with it. The spindle C¹ carries the receiving drum D on which the covered core is
wound as produced.
The spindle C carries a flyer E, seen in front view, Fig. 3, provided with guido
eyes c, c, the lower eye e of which is so arranged as to lio exactly opposite the
central or axial line of the spindle C. This flyer is kept in position by a spring c²
fitting into a groove e³ cut at the end of the spindle C, and this spindle must be
exactly opposite the spindle C¹, in order that the cotton core a which extends from
the eye e to the wheel shall be maintained in a perfectly straight line; the bobbin c
containing the core to be covered being attached to the spindle so as to rotate
with it.
g
The spindle C carries a flyer C, seen in front view, Fig. 4, which is fixed to it
by means of a set screw g. This flyer is furnished with three small guide
wheels g, g', g, over and under which the covered cotton core passes, as hereinaftor
described. At one end this flyer is provided with a counterweight g*.
The apparatus may be driven by hand or foot, or by steam, gas, or electricity,
but I prefer to use steam, and for this purposo I proceed to describe an arrangement
therefor.
a is the main driving shaft; it is carried in supports a*, a*, fixed to the table or
platform A. On this shaft a fast pulley a' and a loose pulley a² are mounted, as
are also two driving pulleys a³, a', of same size, which communicate motion to the
machine through the pinions or change wheels a, a, a7, and as, by means of endless
bands, cords, or straps passing over the pulleys a, a, which are of equal size, so as
to cause the two spindles C, C¹, to revolve in the same direction and at the same
speed.
The drum D which is mounted loose on the spindle C¹ is caused to revolve in the
same direction as this spindle, but at a different speed to it, by means of a pin or
stud d (seen clearly in sectional elevation, Fig. 5) fixed on the boss or journal (*,
and engaging in a slot or hole d' formed in the pinion a, or vice versa, the difference
of speed causing the covered material to be wound on the receiving drum.
N is the creel or table; it is mounted on the platform A about midway between
the two spindles C, C', and is supported by a rod a sliding telescopically in the
tubular column n'. This crecl or table can therefore be adjusted to any required
height by means of the set screws n². The creel or table N carries combs or guide
wires p, bridge picces s, and the bobbins or spools R of silk (or other covering
material). There are two of these rows of combs or guide wires, and two sets of
bridge pieces 8, one such row and set being placed on the right, and the other on
the left of the cotton core to be covered.
When the cotton core has been passed over the pulley and under the pullies g',g³,
it is fastened to a pin on the drum D, and the silk threads from the bobbins or
spools R are then drawn through the guide wires p, and under and over the bridgo
pieces 8, and their ends slightly twisted by hand around the cotton core a, between
the table N and the guide wheel g. Motion is then imparted to the driving

page_text: pulley a', and the spindles C, C¹, being caused to revolve rapidly in the samo
direction, the flyer G gradually winds the cotton core around the receiving drum D,
and this core, being caused to revolve on its axis as aforesaid, draws the silk threads
from the bobbins R, and winds or wraps them around itself in a spiral form, as
shewn in the diagram, Fig. 6. A sufficient number of these bobbins being arranged
on the creel or table N to cover that portion of the coro which is drawn from the
delivery bobbin to the receiving drun D, the result is an even and thin covering of
silk or other covering material.
Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10, refer to a modified arrangement of bobbin carrying the
covering material, the said bobbin being caused to revolve in a direction opposito
to that of the flyer G for the purpose of covering the core with greater rapidity by
causing the said covering material to revolve around the core, while, at the samo
time, the core itself revolves in an opposite direction.
R is the revolving bobbin; it is mounted on a horizontal hollow spindle C³
carried in bearings Z, Z, situate about midway between the spindles C & C₁,
and through this hollow spindle C³ the cotton core a or other core to bo
covered passes as it leaves the guide eye c. The centro of this hollow spindle lies
in exactly the same horizontal line as the centre of the spindles C, C, and tho
cotton core (or other core) revolves freely within such spindle and without coming
in contact therewith. On this hollow spindle is keyed a pinion t by means of
which motion is communicated to the spindle and to the bobbin thereon by the
toothed driving wheel t, pinion t, and intermediate toothed wheel t, thus causing
the said spindle and bobbin to revolve, but in the opposite direction to that in
which the flyer G revolves.
This revolving hollow spindle carries a flyer G× (Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10) which is
fastened thereon. The covering material from the bobbin R' passes over and under
the guide wheels g', g, g, the wheel 7 being carried by an arm 98 screwed into
the disc G* constituting the flyer, and fixed at any required angle by means of the
nut go. This flyer also carries a shorter arm on which is fixed a semicircular
spring j, the flyer itself being fixed on the end of the hollow spindle C³ carrying
the bobbin R', which has a groove v cut in its head or flango for the purpose of
receiving the spring j, the pressure of which can be regulated by the nut v'. Iu
this case the flyer is fixed to the spindle by the screw and the bobbin R' turns
with and on the spindle; the covering material after being passed under and over
the guide wheels g³, go, and g³, as stated, passing thence to the core to be covered.
This arrangement of flyer may bo substituted for the flyer E previously described,
and the arrangement of hollow spindle with its bobbin may be substituted for tho
creel or table arrangement N, or it may be employed in combination there with
and placed in front of or behind such creel or table. In such case the coverod
material would receive a second or additional covering of silk.
The revolving spindle and bobbin may be driven by crossed belt gearing instead
of by toothed gearing.
This arrangement of toothed gearing may be readily substituted for the pulleys a³,
ແ, ແ9, a10.
Although I have described and shewn my Invention as applied to the manu-
facture of "milanaise," it can be applied in precisely similar manner to tho covering
of telephone and telegraph wires, the only difference being that in covering these
wires the pinions a, a, a, as, are provided with a greater number of teeth in order
to cause the coils of the covering material to be as close together as possible, so as
to produce perfect insulation of the wire or wires.
The apparatus may also be employed for covering strings for musical instruments,
and for manufacturing gold twine or string (a cotton core covered with a metallic
thread), and for other like purposes.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and in what manner the same
may be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First. The new or improved method of manufacturing "milanaise," the same
consisting in covering a cotton core or foundation with a silk thread or threads, the

page_text: said cotton core being caused to revolve while the silk is wrapped or wound thereon,
substantially as herein described.
Second. The special combination and arrangement of mechanism marked a³, aº,
a², a³, d, d³, d*, as described and shewn in the Drawings and for the purposes set
forth.
Third. The application or adaptation of the machine to the covering of wires for
use in electrical apparatus, and to the production of covered cores and strands other
than "milanaise," as herein described.
Fourth. The combination and arrangement of the horizontal hollow spindle C³
with its bobbin R' and flyer G* as described and shewn, and the employment of
the same as set forth and for the purposes specified.
Fifth. The machine or apparatus for manufacturing "milanaise," and for covering
wires to be used for electrical purposes and for covering cores or strands, having
its parts arranged, combined, and operating substantially as herein described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Alexander Sparling, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of November, in the year 1881.
Witness,
ERNEST DE PASS,
Office for Patents,
68, Fleet Street, E.C.,
London.
JOHN A. SPARLING. (L.S.)