IMPROVEMENTS IN INHALING APPARATUS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Davies, of No. 1, Searle Street, Lincoln's
Inn, in the County of Middlesex, and No. 28, St. Enoch Square, in the
City of Glasgow, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INHALING APPARATUS."-A communication from abroad
by Emile Siegle, of Stuttgart, Wurtemburg.
Inn, in the County of Middlesex, and No. 28, St. Enoch Square, in the
City of Glasgow, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INHALING APPARATUS."-A communication from abroad
by Emile Siegle, of Stuttgart, Wurtemburg.
Sealed the 13th October 1864, and dated the 22nd April 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Davies at the
Office of the. Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
April 1864.
I, GEORGE DAVIES, of No. 1, Serle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County
of Middlesex, and No. 28, St. Enoch Square, in the City of Glasgow, Civil
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INHALING APPARATUS," (a communication to me from
abroad by Emile Siegle, of Stuttgart, Wurtemburg,) to-be as follows:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for reducing liquids to the state of an
impalpable powder or spray for the purposes of inhalation. Hitherto such
apparatus has been made to act by means of compressed air or liquid, and a
pair of bellows or a force pump was necessary to compress the same to the
required degree before the apparatus would act.
By this Invention heated vapours are employed (instead of compressed air)

page_text: which are better vehicles for conveying the pulverized liquid, and the apparatus
is also (so to speak) automatic.
The apparatus consists principally of a metallic casing enclosing a 'spirit
lamp, above which is placed a bottle or glass vessel containing water. In the
stopper of this vessel is placed a bent pipe (also of glass,) the mouth of which
is in a horizontal position outside the casing. Immediately below this orifice
is a second glass tube, placed at right angles thereto in a vertical position, and
these tubes are connected together at a short distance from their orifices by
an elbow pipe. The lower end of this vertical tube dips into the medicated
or other liquid to be reduced to spray, which is placed in an open vessel
beneath it; a small spirit lamp is placed below this vessel to heat the liquid if
required. Upon igniting the spirit lamp inside the casing, the water in the
glass vessel will be converted into steam, which passing along the bent pipe
will be blown from the orifice thereof immediately over the mouth of the
vertical tube at right angles thereto, which will have the effect of sucking (as
it were) the liquid up the tube, and blowing it off the top of the same in the
state of spray or powder. A small thermometer is placed in the stopper of
the glass vessel wherein the steam is generated, and the heat is regulated by
raising or lowering the spirit lamp.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters' Patent, filed
by the said George Davies in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
October 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
DAVIES, of No. 1, Searle Street, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
and No. 28, St. Enoch Square, in the City of Glasgow, Civil Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the 27th year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Davies, Her special licence that I, the said George Davies, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George
Davies, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter.during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INHALING
APPARATUS," being a communication to me from abroad by Emile Siegle, of
Stuttgart, Wurtemburg, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
George Davies, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Davies, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
that is to say:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for reducing liquids to the state of an
impalpable powder or spray for the purposes of inhalation. Hitherto such
apparatus has been made to act by means of compressed air or liquid, and a
- pair of bellows or a force pump was necessary to compress the same to the
required degree before the apparatus would act.
By this Invention heated vapours are employed (instead of compressed air),
which are better vehicles for conveying the pulverized liquid, and the apparatus
is also (so to speak) automatic.
The apparatus consists principally of a metallic casing enclosing a spirit
lamp, above which is placed a bottle or glass vessel containing water. In the
stopper of this vessel is placed a bent pipe (also of glass), the mouth of which
is in a horizontal position outside the casing. Immediately below this orifice
is a second glass tube placed at right angles thereto in a vertical position, and
these tubes are connected together at a short distance from their orifices by
an elbow pipe. The lower end of this vertical tube dips into the medicated
or other liquid to be reduced to spray, which is placed in an open vessel
beneath it; a small spirit lamp is placed below this vessel to heat the liquid
if required. Upon igniting the spirit lamp inside the casing, the water in the
glass vessel will be converted into steam, which passing along the bent tube,"
will be blown from the orifice thereof immediately over the mouth of the
vertical tube at right angles thereto, which will have the effect of sucking (as
it were) the liquid up the tube, and blowing it off the top of the same in the
state of spray or powder. A small thermometer is placed in the stopper of
the glass vessel wherein the steam is generated, and the heat is regulated by
raising or lowering the spirit lamp.

page_text: The advantages to be derived from the use of this apparatus are as
follows:-
Firstly, the production of the spray or vapor at a temperature of from 15
to 20 degrees, whilst that produced by ordinary apparatus is only about 8 or 9
degrees centigrade.
Secondly, a more complete pulverization than that hitherto obtained.
Thirdly, the almost impossibility of defective working. Thus, in the
ordinary apparatus the capillary openings by which the spray escapes become
rapidly choked, which cannot happen when employing steam, which does not
carry any solid body with it, and which, moreover, clears the conduits through
which it passes.
Fourthly, with the compressed air apparatus the force diminishes very
rapidly, and it is necessary to compress the air again from time to time, which
with the improved apparatus is not necessary.
Fifthly, all the apparatus is made of glass, which facilitates the replacement,
without loss of time, of any damaged part.
Sixthly, the great economy which results from the simplicity of the
apparatus.
Such being the nature and object of the said Invention for "Improvements.
in Inhaling Apparatus," I will now proceed to describe more in detail the
manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect; and in order that the same may be distinctly understood, I
have annexed hereunto a Sheet of Drawings, and have marked the same with
figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following
explanation thereof, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is an exterior elevation of the apparatus, and Figure 2 is a vertical
section of the same.
The apparatus is contained in a case A made of sheet or cast metal; this
case is closed above by the cover A¹ which carries at one side the projection K.
In the case is placed the spirit lamp B furnished with the screw B¹, serving
to regulate the intensity of the flame. The vessel C placed above the lamp
contains the water intended to be converted into steam, and is closed her-
metically by the stopper C¹. The curved tube D passes through the stopper,
and its lower extremity is open to admit the steam which passes out by the
other end, which is brought to a point having a very small opening. To this
tube a second or suction tube H is connected by the elbow pipe I; the upper
extremity of the tube H also terminates in a point having a small opening,
whilst the other end is plunged into the liquid to be pulverized or vaporized,
which is contained in the second vessel G. The apparatus being put in

page_text: action, the steam disengaged in the vessel Cescapes by the tube D and blows
over the orifice of the tube H, carrying with it the liquid from the vessel G in
the form of an impalpable powder.
In the vessel containing the steam a thermometer E is plunged, in which,
when the apparatus is working properly, the surface of the column of mercury
oscillates between the points 1 and 2, but when this height is exceeded, the
temperature must be lowered immediately by diminishing the intensity of the
flame of the lamp B by means of the screw B¹. The small spirit lamp L is
used to heat the liquid to be vaporized when necessary.
"
Having now particularly described the nature and object of the said
Invention for Improvements in Inhaling Apparatus," together with the
manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I would remark, in conclusion, that I claim as the Invention
(communicated to me by Emile Siegle, of Stuttgart, Wurtemburg,) the
general construction and arrangement of the inhaling apparatus, as above
described and exhibited in the Drawing annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Davies, hath hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
GEORGE DAVIES. (L.S.)