IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CULTIVATING LAND
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Savage, of Saint Nicholas Ironworks,
Alexandra Dock, King's Lynn, in the County of Norfolk, for the
Invention of 66 TivPROVEMENTS IN ADDADAMITO BAD CHILIYAMING LAND
Sealed the 13th July 1875, and dated the 10th May 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Savage at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th May 1875.
I, FREDERICK SAVAGE, of Saint Nicholas Ironworks; Alexandra
Dock, King's Lynn, in the County of Norfolk, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
CULTIVATING LAND," to be as follows:-
-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for
cultivating land, and relates especially to the means for moving forward
from time to time as the work progresses the pulleys around which the
hauling ropes pass to the implement.
These pulleys are mounted upon carriages provided with disc wheels,
which admit of the carriage being drawn forward along the headland,

page_text: but enable it to resist the strain of the hauling rope tending to move it
sideways. The pulley carriage is also provided with tines or teeth, which
enter the land and control the forward motion of the pulley carriage,
the tines or teeth holding the carriage fast until they have been lifted.
Now according to my Invention I arrange that these tines or teeth
shall be automatically lifted each time that the implement comes up to
the pulley carriage, and the carriage then moves forward under the
observation of the man who rides on the implement so long as the
hauling rope continues in motion or until the widening is stopped in
obedience to a signal, as is now usual.
To effect this I fix upon the hauling rope at a short distance in
advance of the implement a block, which upon arriving at the pulley
carriage comes in contact with a lever thereon, and by moving the lever
it lifts out the retaining tines or teeth. After this has been done the
hauling rope still continuing in motion, the pulley carriage is drawn
forward, and the implement is at the same time turned partly round
ready to start for the next bout. The motion goes on until the man on
the implement gives the usual signal and the winding engine is stopped.
There is thus, when using this arrangement, no necessity for the man
to leave his seat on the implement, and the pulley carriage can be
moved any distance desired. It is also impossible for the implement to
run over the pulley carriage, an accident which is now of common
occurence.
1
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick Savage in the Great Seal Patent Office 2
on the 8th November 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
SAVAGE, of St. Nicholas Ironworks, Alexandra Dock, King's Lynn, in
the County of Norfolk, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Frederick Savage, Her special

page_text: license that I, the said Frederick Savage, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick Savage, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR CULTIVATING LAND," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Frederick Savage, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Savage, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:—
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for
cultivating land, and relates especially to the means for moving forward
from time to time as the work progresses the pulleys around which the
hauling ropes pass to the implement.
These pulleys are mounted upon carriages provided with disc wheels,
which admit of the carriage being drawn forward along the headland,
but enable it to resist the strain of the hauling rope tending to move it
sideways. The pulley carriage is also provided with tines or teeth, which
enter the land and control the forward motion of the pulley carriage, the
tines or teeth holding the carriage fast until they have been lifted.
Now according to my Invention I arrange that these tines or teeth
shall be automatically lifted each time that the implement comes up to
the pulley carriage, and the carriage then moves forward under the
observation of the man who rides on the implement so long as the
hauling rope continues in motion or until the winding is stopped in
obedience to signal, as is now usual.
To effect this I fix upon the hauling rope at a short distance in
advance of the implement a block, which upon arriving at the pulley

page_text: carriage comes in contact with a lever thereon, and by moving the lever
it lifts out the retaining tines or teeth. After this has been done the
hauling rope still continuing in motion, the pulley carriage is drawn
forward and the implement is at the same time turned partly round
ready to start for the next bout. The motion goes on until the man on
the implement gives the usual signal and the winding engine is stopped.
There is, thus, when using this arrangement, no necessity for the man to
leave his seat on the implement, and the pulley carriage can be moved
any distance desired. It is also impossible for the implement to
run over the pulley carriage, an accident which is now of common
occurrence.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Figure 2 is a plan of a pulley anchor
carriage and apparatus connected therewith arranged in the manner
which I prefer.
· a, a, is the frame carrying on an upright spindle or stud the main
pulley b, around which the hauling rope c is passed. The frame a is
mounted on the four wheels d, d, some of which, as is usual, are
provided with cutting discs to penetrate the land and prevent the
apparatus yielding to the lateral strain of the hauling rope. The front
wheels are able to lock round the centre e; fis a lever fast on the centre
bolt of the fore axle, and capable of being pinned in any desired position
to the quadrant g, which is fixed to the end of the fore axle. The lever
f carries at its end a small guide pulley f¹, against which the hauling
rope lies. The axle of the hinder wheels d is cranked, and can be turned
partly round in the bearings which carry it so as to raise or depress the
wheels in relation to the frame a; h, h, are retaining tincs, which can be
fixed to the rear of the frame a at any depth required. When in the
ground they prevent the frame being drawn forward by the strain on the
hauling rope, but when the hinder wheels d are depressed in respect to
the frame a the tines are drawn out of the land and the pulley
carriage is free to move forward; i is an arc fixed on the axis of the
hinder wheels d; a chain is attached at , and passing the arc i.it is led
to a lever.k', to which it is made fast at k*. The lever k is formed with

page_text: In
or fixed to the lever k, which is free to turn about the spindle or stud of
the pulley b, and at the end of each bout a block fixed upon the
hauling rope comes into contact with the outer end of the lever k.
this way the lever k is moved partly round the pulley b until it comes
against the arc s fixed to the frame a, a; the hinder wheels d are thus
depressed in relation to the frame a, the tines are cleared of the
ground, and then the hauling rope draws forward with it the pulley
carriage until the engine stops. The rotation of the cranked axle is
limited by stops. As soon as the direction of winding is reversed the
block leaves the lever k, and then the weight of the frame a and parts
connected therewith causes it to descend until the tines / rest on the
ground, and they then enter the land as soon as a strain comes upon the
hauling rope. The Figures 3 show in detail the way in which I prefer
to construct the block and secure it to the hauling rope.
There are some pulley anchor carriages now in use having retaining
tines mounted on the hinder axle so as to be able to rotate, and the
forward progress of the carriage is prevented by a pawl locking these
tines; on the other hand, when it is wished to allow the carriage to
travel the pawl is lifted out so that the tines may turn. Such pulley
anchor carriages are known as Campain's.
In applying my Invention to such pulley anchor carriages I connect
the lever with the retaining pawl in such manner that when the
block comes into contact with the lever it lifts the pawl out of its
ratchet.
Figure 4 is a plan of a portion of a Campain pulley anchor carriage
having my Invention applied to it. Figure 5 is an elevation of a portion
of the same. m is the hinder axle, on which, in addition to the wheels
which are not shown in the Drawing, are the tines n; o is a ratchet
wheel on the axle m; and p is the pawl, which, dropping into the teeth
of the ratchet, locks the axle m and prevents it turning; q is a tripping
finger, which can turn on a pin carried by the frame a, and it has an
arm q', which is connected with the lever k by the rod r, so that the
tripping finger moves with the lever; ¹ is a spring to retain the lever k
when it is out of contact with the block . The end of the rod 7 is for
facility of adjustment perforated with several holes to receive the joint
pin.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same. I would have it understand that T

page_text: not confine myself to the exact details of the arrangements described
and shewn in the Drawings, but I claim the means substantially as
described for rendering the pulley anchor carriage automatic in its
action.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Savage, have hereunto 5
set my hand and scal, this Eighth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
FREDERICK SAVAGE. (L.S.)