Improvements in and relating to Apparatus or Appliances for Raising and Separating Cream from Milk.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Apr., 1889-Accepted, 29th June, 1889
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus or Appliances for
Raising and Separating Cream from Milk.
I, WILLIAM SNAYDON of Corscombe in the County of Dorset, Farmer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to improvements in vessels for setting milk, the raising of the
cream from which is accelerated and the quantity thereof increased by means of hot
or cold water caused to circulate beneath and around the milk vessel :-My Invention
also relates to improved apparatus for drawing off and separating the skim milk from
the cream.
In order that my Invention may be the better understood I have appended the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevational view of
the improved appliance according to my Invention. Figure 2 is an elevational view
of a screw plug or valve, and Figure 3 is an elevational view of a device for separating
the skim milk from the cream both to be hereinafter more particularly described.
The improved device according to my Invention consists of two vessels A, B, one
of which A, for containing the milk, is suspended within the second vessel B through
which latter hot or cold water may be caused to circulate. The outer vessel B is
provided, at suitable positions, with two tubes or pipes a, b.
The tube or pipe a, which serves as an overflow pipe, is fixed to near the top of
the vessel B, and the pipe or tube b, which serves as an inlet pipe, is secured to the
lower part of said vessel B; and is so bent or formed that when the vessels A, B,
are level, the free end of the pipe or tube & shall be above the level of the water in
The inlet b
the outer vessel B, thus ensuring a fall at the overflow pipe or tube a.
may be connected by means of india rubber or other tubing with a water tank or other
source of supply; or, in the case of the employment of a number of vessels, said
vessels may be connected one with the other by means of india rubber or other
tubing, the several vessels being arranged on slightly different levels, the inlet of the
highest vessel being connected with the source of supply in the manner above
described.
Upon a rim c, with which the vessel B is provided, is supported the inner or milk
vessel or reservoir A, which, as will be seen on reference to the drawings, is of smaller
size and capacity than the outer vessel B, the intervening space between the two
vessels allowing of the free circulation of water beneath and around the inner milk
vessel A.
The milk vessel A is provided with a flange d, which, inclining slightly downwards,
rests upon the upper edge of the outer vessel B. Upon the under surface of the
flange d is formed a rime of such a depth as to reach below the level of the water
contained in the vessel B and thus serve to seal it from the influence of the external
atmosphere.
The outer or water vessel or reservoir B is further provided with an outlet or
discharge pipe which is closed by a cork, stopper or other suitable means by which
the water circulating in said vessel B may be drawn off after having been shut off
from the source of supply. The inner or milk vessel A is also provided with an
outlet g corresponding in position to that in the vessel B and is secured by a screw
plug h or other suitable stoppering device, shown to enlarged scale in Figure 2, having
a handle of such a length as to extend above the surface of the milk contained in
the vessel A; and, in order to ensure a tight joint, said plug h has adapted thereto a
washer m of india rubber or other suitable material.
The outlets last above mentioned may be disposed at one of the corners of the

page_text: vessels A, B, but I prefer to arrange them in the centre, inasmuch as by forming
the bottoms of the vessels with a slight incline towards the centre, better drainage is
ensured.
In order to allow of the retention of the cream whilst drawing off the skim milk,
I employ a strainer Figure 3. consisting of a short tube C of a diameter sufficient to
allow of the passage therethrough of the screw stopper or plug h, and having a flange j
secured to its lower edge. To the outer edge of the flange is secured a framework
consisting of a number of arms i supporting the ring, and to the upper part of
which frame is adapted a cylinder of wire gauze D, finely perforated metal, or anala-
gous device, an opening G being left between the straining medium D and the ring
for the purpose hereinafter mentioned. To the screw stopper or plug aforesaid is.
fitted at a suitable distance on the handle h¹ below the surface of the milk, a per-
forated metallic disc k to serve as a skimmer for separating the small quantity of cream
from the milk which would be contained within the interior of the strainer. When
in use, the strainer above des rihed is inserted into a well or socket H formed in the
bottom of the vessel A surrounding the outlet g aforesaid. Said well or socket H
is of a 'epth sufficient to receive the lower portion of the strainer up to the gauze D
or straining portion thereof, and of a size to allow of the strainer fitting tightly
therein.
The operating of separating and drawing off of the milk from the cream is as
follows:-
-
The outlet of the water vessel B being opened, the strainer is slightly raised
from the socket or well H so to bring the open portion G above the level of the
bottom of the vessel A. The screwed plug or stopper is then removed and the
under stratum of milk together with any sediment which may be contained therein
passes away freely, without straining, through the outlet g and thence through the
funnel shaped outlet in the water vessel. When nearly all the milk has been
drawn off, the strainer is again forced into position in the receiving socket or well H
and the remainder of the milk passes away through the straining medium D,
leaving the cream in the milk vessel which can then be drawn off at will.
l
A cover E rests by a flange upon the flange d of the inner or milk vessel A and
is provided with a ventilator F formed of a tube m closed at its upper end by a cad m²
and inserted into a second tube n secured to the cover E, within which latter the
tube m is capable of free movement; corresponding apertures are formed in the two
tubes, those in the inner movable tube m being covered with wire gauze, finely
perforated metal or the like; or, if desired the wire gauze may be secured to the
outer tube n instead of to the inner movable tube m aforesaid.
When it is desired to allow access of air to the milk vessel the tube mis rotated
until the apertures are brought coincident, the gauze preventing the ingress of dust,
dirt, insects and the like.
Suitable means are provided for securing the two vessels together so as to prevent
the rising and floating of the inner vessel A when insufficiently weighted by the
milk.
The vessels herein described are made preferably of sheet metal and may be of any
suitable shape, the device here shown being of a shape and dimensions suitable for
containing large quantities of milk, but I wish it to be understood that the mere form
and construction of same may be modified to suit vessels of smaller capacity and
might for instance be of round or oval form such as could be pressed out in one
piece, the space for water between the two vessels would in such case be provided by
making the milk vessel shallower than the outer or water vessel, the flange of same
to overlap the upper edge of the water vessel, the two vessels being secured by any
suitable fastening device.
Vessels made as herein described according to my Invention for use with hot or
cold water may be employed without the self skimming apparatus or strainer, and said
self skimming apparatus or strainer may be adapted to single vessels unprovided with
an outer or water vessel.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven¯
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
First: In a cream raising apparatus the arrangement which 1 adopt comprising
the employment of two separate vessels the one for containing the milk the other for
containing the water, secured by suitable fastenings, and having corresponding
outlets for the discharge of the contents of both vessels substantially as herein set
forth.
Second: The combination with a cream raising apparatus, with or without an
exterior water vessel-of a self skimming device or strainer substantially as described
and shown.
Third In combination with a cream raiser the employment of a cover provided
with a ventilator substantially as and for the purpose specified.
:
Fourth The improved apparatus or appliance for raising and separating cream
from milk substantially as herein described.
Dated this 47 day on ADTIL IOON.
JAMES STEVENSON,
20, High Holborn, London, W... Agent for Applicant.
JAMES
STEVENSON,
20, High Holborn, London, W... Agent for Applicant.