IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Cooke, of Charing Cross, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATING."
Sealed the 7th February 1861, and dated the 7th November 1860.
the
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Cooke, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
7th November 1860.
I, WILLIAM COOKE, of Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN VENTILATING," to be as follows:-
My Invention combines the principle of ventilating all descriptions of
buildings, ships, railway and other carriages, &c., &c., without producing
draught, admitting dust, or unduly reducing the temperature of the room
or enclosed space required to be ventilated, the entire removal of the vitiated
air being at the same time effected.
In carrying out the above principles of this my Invention purpose
bringing from without the fresh air by means of tubing of such nature or
kind as may be necessary; an opening of such dimensions as may be desired
is formed in the external wall; the air by this means is conducted to the
hearth.
I then affix au apron or plate of wire, gauze, or other suitable
حرة

page_text: the fender.
Another method employed by me consists in admitting fresh air by means
of a fold of gauze wire, or other suitable material attached to the soffit of the
reveal of a sash window; a small cord acting upon a pulley secured to the top
sash draws the fold into action.
Another improvement consists in applying in cases of ventilators constructed
of two or more folds of gauze or other perforated material two small springs
or struts, which prevent the folds from sagging, the same being secured to the
sides of the sash or pane.
I provide another simple means of carrying off the vitiated air in any
apartment or other enclosed space by means of an apparatus of a curved
pyramidical form, fixed in an opening near the ceiling or roof of the apartment
or enclosed space to be ventilated, which apparatus is brought on the outside
to within a small distance from the wall or enclosure.
Another method employed by me for bringing fresh air into apartments,
carriages, ships, or other enclosed spaces, and permitting the escape of vitiated
air consists in a cylindrical formed apparatus working on centres, gauze wire
or other suitable perforated material being fastened thereto, the same being
affixed to an opening in the wall or enclosed space to be ventilated, and which
is brought into use when required by means of a cord or other suitable
attachment.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Cooke in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th May 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COOKE, of Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Cooke, Her special licence that I, the said William Cooke, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Cooke, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during

page_text: the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Cooke, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said William Cooke, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, and on reference to the accompanying Sheets of Drawings,
that is to say:-
;
My Invention consists in an approved method of constructing ventilators of
wire gauze or other perforated material, so that they may be applicable to
all descriptions of buildings, ships, railway carriages, and other enclosed space
or spaces.
Figure of the accompanying Drawings is a section of an ordinary sash
window, having secured to the soffit thereof a cylindrical formed apparatus a.
around which gauze wire or other suitable material B is fixed, and the other
end may be secured the sash, as shown in the Drawings at C; or the same
may be brought into use by a small cord secured thereto, and when the
apparatus is used in walls, &c., the latter mode will be more frequently
adopted. The apparatus works on centres with suitable springs, which retain
the ventilator in its place when out of use; the action, therefore, will be
obvious upon referring to the Drawing, and the position of the ventilator
when the top sash is lowered will be clearly seen.
Figures 2, 15, 16, and 17, represent a section, interior elevation, casing,
and exterior elevation of a single-fold gauze ventilator D attached also to the
soffit of a sash window. Figure 2 is the section, showing the ventilator out of
use, which is held in its place by a spring attached to the back of the fold, and
the ventilator, which is applicable to all openings, is brought into action by a
suitable cord E. Figure 15 shows the ventilator D in use; Figure 16 is an
ordinary casing, which applies to the gauze ventilators in general; and
Figure 17 is an ordinary elevation of a sash window, showing the ventilator D
out of use..
Figures 3, 13, and 14, illustrate the principle which I adopt in bringing the

page_text: fresh air into apartments, enclosed space or spaces, without reducing the
temperature of such enclosed spaces. F is the mouth or opening on the
exterior of wall, which is covered with a perforated plate; G is the tubing,
indicated by the dotted lines, leading therefrom to the hearth; I, the per-
forated plate placed in the hearthstone. I also represent similar tubing at the
back of the skirting, and in some instances I pass the tubing through the
jambs of the fire place, which is covered with a perforated plate, as before
mentioned.
Figures 4, 3, 12, and 14, each and severally shew the curved pyramidical
apparatus J to carry off the vitiated air; this apparatus is fixed in the walls
near the ceiling, as shewn in the sectional Drawing, Figure 14, and may be
made either of metal, earthenware, or any other suitable material.
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, represent ventilators marked L, constructed
of two or more folds of gauze or other perforated material, and fixed to the
top of a sash window, or in a single pane. K is the spring, which I secure to
the sides of sashes, or such other positions as the case may require, for the
purpose of keeping the ventilators in their respective places, and to prevent
the folds from sagging.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same may be performed, I would have it understood
that my said improvements may be modified and applied in various ways, and
that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein shewn and described,
nor to their application to any particular part or form of window or opening,
as variations and adaptations may be made therein, as also in the applica-
tion, without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention; but
what I do claim is,-
First, a peculiar form and action of a ventilator, herein described, as "a
cylindrical formed apparatus," applied and defined as herein-before mentioned.
Secondly, a single fold of wire gauze, glass, or other perforated material
secured to the soffit of the window, and which may be brought into action by
a small cord acting upon a pulley, and which apparatus is so peculiarly secured
by a spring attached to the back thereof as to hold the same in its place when
the sash is lowered, whereby the ventilator when not required remains out of
sight.
Thirdly, the mode of bringing in fresh air, as herein-before mentioned, by
the apparatus and principle of air tubing without reducing the temperature of
the room, as defined in paragraph three.
Fourthly, the simple means of carrying off the vitiated air by means of an
apparatus of a curved pyramidical form, as above described.

page_text: Fifthly, ventilators constructed of two or more folds of gauze wire, or other
perforated material, with the application of a spring or springs, attached in
such a position as the case may require, whereby the same are held in their
respective places and prevented from sagging, as shewn in the Drawings, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9, 10, and 11.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Cooke, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-second day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
WILLIAM COOKE. (L.S.)