Improvements in the Manufacture of Jars or Jugs, and in Adapting Covers to Fit the same.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th July, 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Jars or Jugs, and in Adapting
Covers to Fit the same.
I DAN RYLANDS, of Shepcote, Stairfoot, near Barnsley in the County of York,
Glass Bottle Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My present invention has for its object the manufacture of jars or jugs so
economically in glass or other material or metal that they can be supplied very
cheaply and also making them of such a shape that a suitable cover can be very
easily affixed on or removed. Also making them of such a shape that they can be
easily used for pouring out without having any handle attached to them. It is
especially applicable for jars or jugs for purveying milk or cream; and it is also
applicable for many other purposes.
In carrying out my invention and applying it to glass I adopt the process of
making by machinery. In order to this I form blowing mould to conform in shape
to an oval or elongated oval or any other suitably shaped jug or jar, the shape I
prefer being somewhat after that of the tin half-pint or pint milk can, but having
a spout on one side of the mouth or top. I so form this outside blowing mould
that it forms on the outside of the jar or jug a suitable indentation or flat part
or raised portion as may be best so that the jug can be easily grasped and held
during pouring out.
I form the parison or pressing mould (for producing the parison for the glass jar
or jug) oval or any suitable shape for working in blowing mould. I also adapt
thereto the plunger which presses the parison, but I form on this plunger a suitable
projection for forming the spout in the top of the mouth of jar or jug. Attached
to this plunger or to the barrel in which the plunger works (but so that it can
easily be worked or slidden up and down thereon) I fix a suitable cap which very
materially helps to form the outside portion of the top of mouth. One important
novel feature in this cap is that it can be adapted to slide upwards or downwards
much more rapidly than has hitherto been done and that it can be easily worked by
lever or by hydraulic er other suitable mechanical power. I prefer to so shape
the top part of the plunger that it will form the inside of the top of the mouth of
jar or jug slightly narrower than the lower portion; this may be done by due
regard to the tendency to contraction of the top of the mouth of these machine-
made jars. Inside the mouth of the jar and at any suitable depth I form a suitable
ledge. I then manufacture or stamp out of tin or prepared cardboard or any other
suitable substance or metal a top or cover which is exactly the same configuration
as the inside of the top of the mouth of the jar or jug; and this is such a fit that
the top or cover (formed as before described) is held sufficiently tight in the mouth
to prevent the milk or other contents of the jar being shaken out. To remove the
cover it is only necessary to send a sharp-pointed instrument through it and lift it
off, the intention being that 'the cover should only be used once. In some cases,
however, prefer to adopt a cover which can be quickly cleansed and can be used
any desired number of times. A cover of this description which I prefer to use
would have a centre of glass or other suitable metal with a rim of prepared card-
board or prepared paper, which rim of prepared cardboard or prepared paper
would be barely large enough to fill the ledge so as to give a bearing for the glass
centre all round. In some cases it may be desirable to use a rubber washer around
the glass cap.
In applying my invention to earthenware I form a jar of a similar configuration

page_text: to that already described in glass, and form it in the process of manufacture by
working it in suitable moulds and by means of suitable plungers.
My invention is also applicable to jugs or jars made in silver or Britannia metal
or other kind of metal where it is desirable to dispense with the handle.
In some cases where jugs made in glass (by the process hereinbefore mentioned)
are large it may be desirable to retain the handle, in which case the application of
my present invention would be limited to the configuration of the mouth and the
means of adapting cover thereto.
.
1001
:
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Jars or Jugs, and in Adapting
Covers to Fit the same.
I DAN RYLANDS of Shepcote Stairfoot near Barnsley in the County of York,
Glass Bottle Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object the manufacture of jars or jugs so economically
in glass or other materal or metal that they can be supplied very cheaply, and also
making them of such a shape that a suitable cover can be very easily affixed on or
removed. Also making them of such a shape that they can be easily used for
pouring out without having any handle attached to them. It is specially applicable
for jars or jugs for purveying milk or cream, and it is also applicable for many
other purposes.
.
In carrying out my invention and applying it to glass, I adopt the process of
making by machinery. In order to do this I form the blowing mould to conform
in shape to an oval or any other suitably shaped jug or jar, the shape I prefer being
somewhat after that of the tin half pint or pint milk cans. but having a spout on
one side of the mouth or top. I so form this outside blowing mould that it forms
on the outside of the jar or jug a suitable indentation or flat part or raised portion
as may be best so that the jug can be easily grasped and held during the pouring
out of its contents.
In the drawings which accompany this Specification, Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional
side and end elevations respectively of my improved jar, Fig. 3 being a plan view
thereof.
Fig. 4 shows in sectional elevation the mouth portion of a jar fitted with a central
glass or porcelain cap or lid, the cap being held sufficiently tight in the mouth of
the jar by a loose paper rim.
In Fig. 5 the central glass lid is encircled by a rubber ring.
Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate partly in section the construction of the blowing mould,
the blowing mould cover, and the means employed for operating the cover.
In Figs. 1. 2 and 3 (Sheet 1) a is the body of the jar formed with an enlargement
or ledge at its upper portion, the enlargement being formed at c into a pouring out
spout; dd are indentations enabling the jar to be readily grasped and held during
the pouring out of the contents, e is the jar cover formed of tin, prepared paper or
other suitable material, and formed to the same configuration as the interior of the
enlargement b, the cover being such a fit that it is held sufficiently tight in the
enlargement to prevent the milk or other contents being spilled or shaken out.
To uncover the jar it is only necessary to send a sharp pointed instrument through
the paper or cardboard lid and thus remove it.'
The jar lid shown in position by Fig. 4 consists of a glass centre piece f
surrounded and held in position by the prepared paper rim a'.
In Fig. 5 the glass centre piece f is encircled by a ring of rubber or other

page_text: suitable material. The jar shown in plan view Fig. 3 is of oval form but it will be
evident that my invention is applicable to other forms of jar retaining the enlarge-
ment or ledge b, the spout c, and the indentations d d for handling the jar.
Figs. 6 and 7 (Sheets 2 and 3) are elevations partly in section of a jar-making
machine well adapted for the manufacture of the above described jar by the
pressing and blowing process, g is the parison mould formed as shown and operated
by the hydraulic worked piston rod h; i the blowing mould in two parts and hinged
together by the vertical fixed stud j; k the tubular mould cover operated in an up
and down direction by the counterbalanced lever 1, and guided in this up and down
movement by the fixed tubular guide m; n the pressing plunger worked by the
counterbalanced lever o, pa detent lever, q a mould bottom carried by the sliding
plate a wedge the purpose of which is to lift the mould bottom from
the position indicated by Fig. 6 to the position shown by Fig. 7; ta pipe for the
admission of compressed air. Fig. 6 shows the various parts constituting the
machine in the position they occupy after the completion of the pressing or parison
forming operation, from which it will be seen that the parison mould is at its highest
point in the interior of the blowing mould, that the mould cover is in close contact
with the upper conical portion of the blowing mould securely holding the two
halves of the mould together by reason of the detent lever p holding the mould
cover lever in the position shown.
The lower portion of the mould cover is formed as an oval ring or lip z, a portion
of this lip being enlarged at y to form the interior of the spout portion; the oval
ring fitting the mouth of the blowing mould as shown provides a ready means for
forming the enlargement or ledge and the interior of the spout during the
pressing operation, the molten metal flowing into and occupying the space between
the under and outer surfaces of the lip a and the inner surface of the upper portion
of the blowing mould.
In Fig. 7. the machine is shown in the position occupied after the completion of
the blowing of the jar, the mould bottom 7 being by wedges elevated into the
interior of the blowing mould, the mould cover and pressing plunger being at their
highest position and clear of the upper surface of jar. To remove the now
completed jar the sliding wedge s is withdrawn by handle y thus lowering the loose
mould bottom; a further and outer withdrawal of the handle will remove the
sliding plate into the position shown by Fig. 6. The blowing mould can now be
opened by the usual handles and the completed jar removed. In applying my
invention to earthenware I form a jar of a similar configuration to that already
described in glass, and form it in the process of manufacture by working it in a
suitable mould and by means of a suitable plunger as will be well understood.
My invention is also applicable to jugs or jars made in silver or Britannia metal
or other kind of metal where it is desirable to dispense with the handle. In some
cases where jugs made in glass (by the process hereinbefore described) are large it
may be desirable to retain the handle in which case the application of my invention
would be limited to the configuration of the mouth and the means of adapting the
cover or lids thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In jars for milk or other purposes the enlargement or ledge b formed into a
spout at eas and for the purpose described and illustrated with reference to
Figs. 1. 2 & 3.
2. The indentations d d shown at (Figs. 1. 2 & 3) or similar indentations or
projections, or arrangements whereby the jars may be more easily handled.
3. In connection with the improved jars and for the purpose herein described the
cover cas shown at Figs. 1 and 2.
4. The glass centre piece f held in position in the jar by the renewable paper
rim a' substantially as described and illustrated by Fig. 4.

page_text: 5. The glass centre piece f with the encircling rim of rubber g as shown at
Fig. 5 and for the purpose herein described.
6. The sliding tubular mould cover k operated by counterbalanced lever 7 and
controlled by detent p substantially as and for the purpose herein described and
illustrated with reference to Figs. 6 and 7.
2