IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COCKS OR VALVES FOR DRAWING OFF LIQUIDS
Year: 1848

page_text: LLEWELLIN, of Bristol, in the County of Gloucester, Brass and Copper Manufac-
turer, and JouN HEMMONS, of the same place, Brass Founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-third day of November, in the twelfth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Peter Llewellin and Jolin Hemmons, Her especial license, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that we, the said Peter Llewellin and John Hemmons,
our exors, adiiors, and assigns, and such others as we, the said Peter Llewellin
and John Hemmons, our exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in
all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, and in the Islands of Jersey,
Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF COCKS OR VALVES FOR DRAWING OFF LIQUIDS;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging us, the said Peter Llewellin and
John Hemmons, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, particularly to describe and ascertain the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
and to cause the same to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in

page_text: part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Peter Llewellin (on behalf of myself and of the said John Hemmons,) do hereby
declare that the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, is particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following description thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, (that is to say):-
These improvements in cocks or valves consist in a peculiar construction or
mechanism for opening or closing the way provided for the flow of liquids
or fluids by the agency of a screw and disc valve, and also for rendering the
same steam and water tight. The valve is raised for closing the way,
or lowered for opening the way, by means of a hollow screw in the rotary stem
of the lever winch or handle, which screw acts upon the disc'spindle (answer-
ing to the ordinary plug of a cock). By the turning of this rotary stem
(which is rendered steam and water tight), having the hollow screw, the spindle
of the disc valve is moved up or down, being guided by feathers or wings
sliding in the socket below. The face of the disc when raised and brought
into contact with the mouth of the aperture or way closes the aperture or way,
and stops the flow of liquid or fluid; but when the disc is lowered the way
becomes opened, and the liquid or fluid flows through the cock freely.
In the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 represents a section taken vertically
in a longitudinal direction, through a cock constructed upon our improved plan
for drawing off liquids.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. The barrel way and nozzle for the passage
of the fluid is represented at a, a, a, the disc valve at b, the face of which
disc (packed or ground flat), when brought up into close contact with the lip
or edge of the circular aperture c, c, as shewn at Fig. 1, closes the way, and
consequently prevents the passage of fluids. But when the disc is lowered
the way through the aperture c, c, becomes open, and the free passage of fluid
upwards through the way takes place, which discharges itself at the nozzle.
The disc is fixed upon a spindle d, having a screw or worm at its upper part
acting in a hollow screw e, e, in the lower part of the stem of the handle winch or
lever f, and from the lower part of the spindle d there are wings or feathers g, g,
extending, that slide in vertical grooves in the socket or plug h, h, which closes
the bottom of the cock. The stem e, e, (made hollow, and having an internal
screw, as before said, fitted to the thread or worm upon the spindle d,) has a
flange i, i, which is ground and accurately fitted to the interior of the socket.j,j,
at the upper part of the cock. This flange may also be packed with a collar

page_text: of indian rubber, leather, or other fit material, to render it as perfectly air and
water tight as possible. It must then be secured in its position by a ring
cap k, k. On turning the stem e, by means of the winch or lever f.f, the rota-
tion of the hollow screw acting upon the thread of the spindle d will raise the
disc b into close contact with the under part of the aperture c, c, and thereby
close the passage or way of the cock perfectly air and water tight. On turning
the winch or levers f in the opposite direction, the screw e will cause the
disc to descend, and consequently to open the way for the passage of
the fluid.
The same principle of construction may be variously modified, as, for instance,
Fig. 3 represents, partly in section, taken longitudinally, the internal arrange-
ments of a cock, with our improved mode of constructing and working the disc
valve.
Fig. 4 is an external view of the same. Most of the parts are similar to
those described in the first Figure. a, a, is the channel or way for the flow
of the liquor; b is the valve; in this instance a solid disc of metal, ground and
rendered perfectly flat on the upper side; c, c, points out the lip or edge of
the aperture through which, when the valve is open, as shewn in this Figure,
the liquor flows upward and discharges itself at the nozzle; d is the spindle of
the valve, having its thread or screw at top taking into the hollow screw e in the
rotary stem of the winch or levers f, f. On this stem there is a flange or ring
fixed with packing i, i, which is fitted tightly into a socket j, j, at the upper
part of the cock, and these are confined in their position by a ring cap k, k,
tightly screwed upon the outside of the socket. The disc valve is raised
or depressed by turning the rotary stem f as before described, the feathers or
wings g, g, at bottom of the disc spindle d, sliding up and down in grooves, and
thereby preventing the disc and spindle being turned round as it ascends or
descends.
Figs. 5 and 6 are longitudinal sections taken through the middle of a cock
constructed upon our improved plan, and designed principally for the passage
of steam; and Fig. 7 is an external top view of the same.
In Fig. 5, a, a, a, is the way opened for the passage of steam or other fluid,
the disc valve 6 being depressed. Fig. 6 shews the way closed, the valve
being brought up into close contact with the lip or edge c, c, of the aperture.
The construction of the disc valve b, with its spindle d, having the screw or
worm thread at top, and feathers or wings g, g, at bottom, is shewn detached,
in two views, at Figs. 8 and 9. The flange or ring i fixed upon the rotary
stem of the winch, in Figs. 5 and 6, should be ground very accurately on all
its surfaces, in order that it may fit tightly into its socket, and when covered

page_text: Enrolled the Twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.