Improvements in Breech Loading Guns and Rifles in which the Barrels Drop Down for Loading.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th July, 1888
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Apr., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 4th May, 1889
Improvements in Breech Loading Guns and Rifles in which the
Barrels Drop Down for Loading.
I, LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT of Ash Vale Ashfield Road, King's Heath, in the
County of Worcester, Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a new or improved apparatus for ejecting cartridge cases
from the barrels of breech loading guns after firing.
I will describe my invention as applied to a double barrelled hammerless breech'
loading sporting gun.
Each barrel is provided with an extractor head and rod of the usual type.
Beneath the fore end and securely fastened thereto is a metal case abutting against
the joint at one end and fitted with a block at the other thus forming a rectangular
chamber.
In this chamber is a slide block of which one end is made to pass through a slot in
the joint and bear against the bolt in the body.
The other end is pressed by a coiled spring placed between the end of the casing
and the slide block.
Fastened to the bolt in the body is a cam, which, when the gun is being closed,
causes the slide block to move forward in the chamber and compress the coiled
spring.
When the slide block is pushed forward the full stroke of the cam a pawl, acted
upon by a spring, falls into position against the slide block and prevents this latter
from moving.
The slide block is fitted with two vertical slides, one for each barrel. These slides
work in dovetail grooves in the centre of the block, one on the right side of the centre
the other on the left.
Each slide is provided with a pin which, while securely fixed in the slide,
passes through a slot in the side of the slide block, projects beyond the slide
block and assumes a position immediately over the end of a lever herein called a
lifter.

page_text: A spring in the slide block bearing against each of the slides keeps them in any
position they may be raised to by the lifters.
A pin, passing through, and secured to, the upper part of the casing near the joint,
is a fulcrum for the pawl and also for the two lifters, one on each side of the pawl and
slide block the one to the right for the right hand slide the one to the left for the left
hand slide.
Into each lifter, a short distance below the centre of the fulcrum pin, I insert a pin
which works through a slot in the casing.
This pin, outside the casing, is cranked and enters a slot in the joint of the
fore end and comes opposite the recess or groove in the body containing the
hammer.
In the recess below each hammer, in the body, is a rod of which one end passes
through a hole in the joint and comes opposite and close to the end of the cranked
-pin in the lifter.
The other end of the rod is screwed into a block and, by means of a spring, coiled
round the rod, the block bears against the lower part of the hammer.
The pawl which retains the slide block in its place, has a prolongation beyond
the fulcrum pin, which prolongation is made to come in the path of the cam, so that
when the cam moves the prolonged part of the pawl, this latter is disengaged from
the slide block.
To explain the action of the mechanism I will suppose one barrel to be fired but the
action is similar if both barrels are fired.
When the gun is fired the hammer tail forces forward the block which bears
against it.
The end of the rod, striking against the lifter pin, causes the other end of the
lifter to rise.
The lifter end, in rising, strikes the slide pin and causes the slide to rise through a
slot in the upper part of the fore end and arrive opposite the end of the extractor rod
in the under part of barrels.
When the barrels are dropped a certain distance the cam strikes the pawl and
disengages it from the slide block. The pawl falls into a recess in the slide block
the slide block is impelled towards the breech end by the coiled spring and the
projecting slide, pushing the extractor rod before it, expels the cartridge case from the
barrel.
When the slide block has travelled a certain distance, under the impulse of the
spring, the upper part of the slide pin comes in contact with a plate fastened to the
side of the casing. There is one plate for each slide.
The front of this plate is cut away to such an angle that the pin, on striking it, is
forced downwards and when the slide block has completed its stroke, the slide
has been forced by the angled plate to the position in the slide block it had before
firing.
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page_text: Barrels Drop Down for Loading.
I LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT of Ash Vale, Ashfield Road, King's Heath in the
County of Worcester, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists of a new or improved apparatus for ejecting cartridge cases
from the barrels of breech loading guns after firing.
The accompanying drawings show my invention applied to a double barrelled
hammerless breech loading sporting gun the same letters being used in different views
of the same parts.
Figures 1, 3, 4 show a side elevation of the fore end portion with the side of the
casing removed and a sectional view through the body.
Figure 2 is a plan of the apparatus with the fore end and body removed.
Figure 5 is an end view complete looking from the muzzle end.
Figure 6 is a section through the line A B as seen from the breech end.
Figure 7 shows three views of the slide block.
Figure 8 shows one of the slides.
Figure 9 shows one of the lifters.
Figure 10 shows the pawl.
Figure 11 shows one of the plates for depressing the slides.
I will now describe my invention as applied to a double barrelled hammerless breech
loading sporting gun.
Each barrel is supplied with an extractor head and rod "y" of the usual type.
Beneath the fore end forging
a
" and securely fastened thereto by screws
or otherwise. is a metal casing "6" abutting against the joint at one end
and attached to a block "c" at the other end, thus forming a chamber under the
fore end.
In this chamber is a slide block "d" (shewn seperately in Fig. 7). The end "d"
can pass through a slot in the joint and bear against the bolt in the body. The
opposite end of the slide block is pressed by a coiled spring
block "c" and the slide block "d."
66 "
e placed between the
Fastened to the bolt, or to any other convenient part of the body, is a cam "f"
which, when the gun is in the act of being closed, bears against the projecting end"&"
of the slide block and causes this latter to move forward in the chamber and compress
the coiled spring "e."
When the slide block is pushed forward the required distance, a pawl "g," acted
upon by a spring "h," falls into position against the slide block and prevents the
latter from moving.
The slide block (Fig. 7) is provided with two vertical slots "d" into each of which
is fitted a slide "i" (one is shown in Fig. 8).

page_text: The slides work freely in the slots "d" and may be raised or lowered therein by
actuating the pins "." These pins are screwed tightly into the slides after these
latter have been placed in their respective slots in the slide block.
،،
The slide block is provided with slots "d³," one for each slide, and the
pins "pass through these slots and project beyond the sides of the slide
block.
In the opening "d" in the slide block, behind the two slides, I insert a steel
spring "d" This spring bears against the two slides sufficiently to keep them in any
position to which they may be raised in the slide block.
The projecting parts "d" steady the slides and form a support for them when
raised. An opening is cut in the fore end forging to permit the projections "d" to
pass through. The opening being long enough to allow of the full travel of the slide
block.
A pin "passing through and secured to both sides of the upper part of the casing
near the joint, is a fulcrum for the pawl "g" and for two lifters "k" one on each side
of the pawl.
The lifters lie close to the sides of the casing, between the casing and slide block.
The end ""of each lifter lies under the corresponding pin "" in the slide. Into
each lifter, a short distance below the centre of the fulcrum pin, I securely fasten a
pin "" which is made to project beyond the casing (this latter being cut away for
this purpose), and is cranked in such a manner that its end may enter a slot in the
joint of the fore end and come opposite and close to the end of the rod "1" in
the body.
In the recess below each hammer in the body I place a rod "" which works freely
through a hole in the joint of the body. One end of this rod is screwed into a
block" By means of a spring the block "" is kept in contact with the lower
end " C of the hammer.
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The pawl "g" which retains the slide block in position, has a prolongation "g"
beyond the fulcrum pin which prolongation is made to come in the path of the
cam "" so that when the cam strikes this prolongation the pawl is released from the
slide block.
The pawl is shewn in Fig 10.
To explain the action of the apparatus I will suppose one barrel to be fired but the
action is similar if both are fired.
Fig. 1 shews the position of the parts before the gun is fired. When the gun is
fired the hammer rises and the hammer tail "a" forces forward the rod "." The
end of this rod strikes against the end "k" of the lifter. The opposite end "k" of
the lifter rises and in rising strikes the pin "" of the slide "i" and raises the slide
in the slide block until the end of the slide projects above the fore end surface and
assumes a position opposite the end of the extractor rod "y."
The altered position of the parts is shewn in Fig. 3.
When the barrels are dropped the upper portion of the cam "f" strikes the
prolongation "g" of the pawl "g" and disengages it from the slide block;
the pawl falls into a recess in the block and this latter, under the impulse of the
coiled spring "e," is rapidly forced towards the breech end.
The face of the projecting slide "" strikes the end of the extractor rod and,
forcing this latter before it, ejects the cartridge case from the barrel.
66
m
"
Before the slide block has completed its stroke under the impulse of the spring, the
upper portion of the pin "1" in the slide "i" comes in contact with a plate
secured to the side of the casing above the lifter. There are two plates one on each
side of the casing. One of the plates is shewn in Fig. 11.
The front of the plate "m" against which the pin ""strikes, is cut away at such
an angle that the pin on striking it is forced downwards, and when the slide block has
completed its stroke the slide has been forced down in the slide block to the position it
had before being raised by the lifter.
The parts then take the positions shewn in Fig. 4.
While the gun is being closed the lower part of the cam "f" bearing against the

page_text: end "d" of the slide block, forces this latter forward in the casing until it reaches
the end of its travel when the pawl "g" falls into gear and keeps the block from
moving until the pawl is again released by the cam.
The parts then take the positions shewn in Fig. 1.
In the accompanying drawings I show the rod "1" as being actuated by the
projecting end "of the hammer, but it may receive its motion from any convenient
part of the gun action.
"
Each barrel, having its own extractor rod "y" has also its own rod "1,” block “11,”
lifter "k," lifter rod "k" slide "i" with pin "" and plate "m."
"
The cam ","slide block "d," pawl "g," spring "e "and casing "b are common
to both barrels.
Those parts for the right hand barrel being to the right hand in the casing and those
parts for the left hand barrel being to the left in the casing.
When it is desired that the apparatus act as an extractor as well as an ejector I
prolong the thick projecting part "de" of the slide block until it reaches the level of
the upper part of the rods "y." I also prolong the ends of the rods "y" a short
distance but only that portion of the rods which stands above the top of the slides ";"
when these latter have been raised.
The result is that when the gun has not been fired and the barrels are dropped, the
slide block "d" being released as herein before described, the projecting part "1"
strikes against the prolonged ends of the extractor rods and forces the rods and
cartridges forward out of the barrels the distance necessary to enable the cartridges
to be grasped by the fingers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. The combination or arrangement of parts consisting of a cam attached to
the gun body, and of a slide block actuated by the cam when closing the gun, and of
a pawl which retains the slide block in position while the barrels are being dropped,
and of a spring which gives motion to the slide block when the pawl is disengaged
therefrom by the action of the cam when opening the gun, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The combination or arrangement of parts consisting of a slide block
containing two slides which slides may be raised in the block to come opposite the
ends of the extractor rods and be kept in position by a spring, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The combination or arrangement of parts consisting of a rod in the gun
body, passing through a hole in the joint, and of a lifter acted upon by and receiving
motion from the said rod. This said rod receiving its motion from any convenient
part of the gun action, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Fourthly. The combination or arrangement of parts consisting of the lifters in the
casing and of the slides in the slide block which slides are raised by the action of the
lifters substantially as herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Fifthly. The use of the plates shaped as hereinbefore described for the purpose of
depressing the slides in the slide block.