Improvements in Digesters, Cellulose Boilers, and like Steam Boiling Apparatus.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 10th Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Digesters, Cellulose Boilers, and like Steam
Boiling Apparatus.
I, CARL KELLNER, of 29 Wasagasse, Vienna IX, Austria, Doctor of Philosophy,
do hereby declare the nature of this invntion to be as follows:-
Heretofore heat has been supplied to digesters, cellulose-boilers, and like
apparatus for boiling by means of steam, either by allowing the steam to flow
directly into the charge in the boiler; or by causing it to pass through steam-
coils arranged within the boilers and adapted to transfer the heat of the steam
flowing through them, to the liquid to be boiled; or by passing the steam between
the two walls of jacketted boilers.
All these methods of supplying heat are attended by certain drawbacks, which
cause very great inconvenience, especially in cases where the liquids to be heated'
are of a nature such as to attach or corrode the iron of the boiler, as is the case for
instance in the manufacture of sulphite cellulose.
Now this invention has for object to effect a uniform heating of the contents.
of the boiler by coating the inside surface of the boiler with peculiar heating
elements or devices (hereinafter called heating sections) whilst the boiler itself can
be protected from the action of the liquid to be boiled, by means of a lining of
refractory material, such, for instance as cement, which is arranged between: the
aforesaid heating sections and the shell of the boiler.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section of a vertical boiler A
provided according to this invention with heating sections C mounted on a
refractory foundation B.
Fig. 2 is a perspective internal view, to a larger scale, of a part of the lower
portion of the boiler shown in Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 is a cross section of a horizontal boiler provided with a protective lining B
and heating sections C.
As shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, the heating sections consist of shallow hollow
plates or pockets and constitute, when arranged side by side after the manner of
the staves of a barrel, the inner lining of the boiler shell A, which may extend
over the whole or only over part of the boiler-shell as desired. The heating
sections C, which are connected together at their upper parts by means of bent.
pipes a, receive the steam requisite for heating the contents of the boiler, through
a steam-supply pipe a¹ which extends through the shell of the boiler and is
connected to one of the heating sections. This steam then fills all the sections and
thereby produces a uniform heating of the contents of the boiler. The water of
condensation which collects in the lower part of the heating sections, is conveyed,
by means of inter-connected tee-pieces b, into a common outlet-pipe c and by the
latter back it may be, into the steam-generator.
In the application of the invention to horizontal boilers, the heating sections C
consist, as shown in Fig. 3, of shallow, hollow plates of semi-circular form corre-
sponding to the form of the shell of the boiler, the supply of steam and the
circulation thereof taking place in the manner above described.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Digesters, Cellulose Boilers, and like Steam
Boiling Apparatus.
I, CARL KELLNER, of 29 Wasagasse, Vienna IX, Austria, Doctor of Philosophy,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Heretofore heat has been supplied to digesters, cellulose-boilers, and like
apparatus for boiling by means of steam, either by allowing the steam to flow
directly into the charge in the boilers, or by causing it to pass through steam-
coils arranged within the boilers and adapted to transfer the heat of the steam.
flowing through them, to the liquid to be boiled; or by passing the steam between
the two walls of jacketted boilers.
All these methods of supplying heat are attended by certain drawbacks, which
cause very great inconvenience; especially in cases where the liquids to be heated
are of a nature such as to attack or corrode the iron of the boiler, as is the case
for instance in the manufacture of sulphite cellulose.
Now this invention bas for object to effect a uniform heating of the contents of
the boiler by coating the inside surface of the boiler with peculiar heating elements
or devices (hereinafter called heating sections), the boiler itself being, it may be,
protected from the action of the liquid to be boiled by a lining of refractory
material, such for instance as cement, which is arranged between the aforesaid
heating sections and the shell of the boiler.
Fig. 1 of the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification shows a vertical
section of a vertical boiler A provided according to this invention with heating
sections C mounted on a refractory foundation B;
Fig. 2 is a perspective internal view, drawn to a larger scale, of a part of the
lower portion of the boiler shown in Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 shows a cross section of a horizontal boiler provided with a protective
lining B and heating sections C.
As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the heating sections C consist of shallow hollow
plates or pockets and constitute, when arranged side by side. after the manner of
the staves of a barrel, the inuer lining of the boiler-shell A, which may extend over
the whole or only over part of the boiler-shell as desired. The heating sections C,
which are connected together at their upper parts by means of bent pipes a, receive
the steam requisite for heating the contents of the boiler, through a steam-supply
pipe a' which extends through the shell of the boiler and is connected to one of the
heating sections. This steam then fills all the sections and thereby produces a
uniform beating of the contents of the boiler. The water of condensation which
collects in the lower part of the heating sections, is conveyed by means of inter-
connected tee-pieces b, into a common outlet-pipe c and by the latter back it may
bé, into the steam generator.
In the application of the invention to horizontal boilers, the heating sections C
consist, as shown in Fig. 3, of shallow, hollow plates of semi-circular form corre-
sponding to the form of the shell of the boiler, the supply of steam and the
circulation thereof taking place in the manner above described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a digester, cellulose boiler, or like steam boiling annaratus, a number of

page_text: shallow hollow plates or pockets C which wholly or partially cover the internal.
surface of the shell of the boiler A and through which the steam requisite for
heating the contents of the boiler is passed, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a digester, cellulose boiler, or like steam boiling-
apparatus of heating sections C, connexions a, and outlet pipe c, substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to and shown in the drawings referred to.
Dated this 10th day of March 1897.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.