Year: 1862

page_text: chiselled as to correspond with exactness to each other at their contiguous
edges, and also to the inner surface of such shell or concave when placed con-
tinuously side by side as a lining to the same; the last segment of said lining
is made of such size and shape as to be slipped through the piece stopped out
of the lower flange, so that when forced to its proper place in said lining it
shall, like the keystone of an arch, securely tighten each respective segment
in its proper place, the cast shell or concave counteracting the outward
pressure of said stone lining. As an additional security to the stone lining,
and the more effectually to insure a perfect bedding of the segment lining to
the inner surface of the shell or concave, I make use of cement or plaster,
or other similar material, interposing the same between the contiguous edges
of each stone segment, and also between the inner surface of the cast shell,
and the back of said segment lining, which cement or plaster when it becomes
bardened will greatly lessen the liability of the liuing to jar loose under the
repeated blows of the steel pick while the stone lining is being dressed and
furrowed. The cast shell or concave is furnished with ears, by which it
is firmly secured to a suitable frame by means of screw bolts. So soon as the
cement or plaster shall have become sufficiently hardened, the stone lining
is scored down by a steel point or pick to a perfectly even and uniform
surface, after which I form from a solid block of burr or other stone a convex
runner properly secured to an iron or steel spindle, said runner to be of such
shape and size as to conform to the interior surface of said concave lining, and
by grinding the two stone surfaces together with sand and water, I cause
said grinding surfaces to conforin to each other with the greatest attainable
accuracy. I then with a sharp steel pick indent a suitable number of furrows
both in the concave and convex grinding surfaces, and form such crack or
dress on the lands as shall be suited to the article to be ground. If preferable,
I can make use of a cylindrical shell or concave, and line the same with
segments of burr or other stone, instead of a concave or shell of the form of a
truncated cone, as herein-before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Ross in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I JOUN
Ross, of South Parade, Brompton, and of 53, Chancery Lane, both in the 3
County of Middlesex, Millwright, send greeting.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Ross, of South Parade, Brompton, and of 53,
Chancery Lane, both in the County of Middlesex, Millwright, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING STONES OR SURFACES FOR GRINDING
GRAIN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."-A communication from abroad by Charles
Ross, of Stapleton, State of New York, United States of America.
Dancer
Lane,
ounty
CHA
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING STONES OR SURFACES FOR GRINDING
GRAIN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."-A communication from abroad by Charles
Ross, of Stapleton, State of New York, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Ross at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the 29th April
1862.
I, Joun Ross, of South Parade, Brompton, and of 53, Chancery Lane, both
in the County of Middlesex, Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING STONES OR SURFACES FOR
GRINDING GRAIN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
In forming the concave grinding surface in conical mills I make use of a
shell or concave of cast-iron or other metal of the shape of a truncated cone,.
baving a flange at the upper and lower edges projecting inwards from the
inner surface of the casting, the lower flange having a piece stopped thereout
the whole width of said flange, and about five or six inches in length. The
interior surface of the cast shell or concave is lined with a suitable number
of segments of burr or other stone, which are chiselled to an even and
uniform thickness and length of a dovetailed form, and of such length that
when placed as a lining within said shell or concave they fit at their extreme
ends to the corresponding flanges in the cone, by which flanges said stone
segments are secured from being displaced lengthwise; they are also so

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Ross, Her special licence that I, the said John Ross, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Ross, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING
STONES OR SURFACES FOR GRINDING GRAIN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Charles Ross, of Stapleton, State of New York,
United States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Ross, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Ross, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to tho
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My improvements relate to conical grinding stones or surfaces for grinding
grain and other substances, and in particular to the construction and arrange-
ment of the hollow conical surfaces within which the solid stone revolves.
I form this hollow conical grinding surface of pieces of stone placed in a
conical cast-iron shell, in which they are rigidly fixed. By this means a hollow
conical grinding surface is cheaply and easily made, which is as efficient for
the purposes of grinding as if made in one piece; I fix the iron shell with its
stone lining in suitable framework as the bed or stationary stone of the mill,
and mount the solid conical running stone on a shaft, by which it is driven.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of a
grinding mill, furnished with a conical stone or grinding surface according to
my Invention; and Fig. 3 an end view of the same, having the case or cover
of the running stone removed; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the cast shell
or concave without the stone lining; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the cast

page_text: shell, partially representing the interior stone lining of the same; Fig. 6 is a
transverse section, representing a longitudinal view of a section of the interior
stone lining of the concave shell.
In forming the concave grinding surface in conical mills, I make use of a
shell or concave A of cast or other metal, seen separately at Fig. 4, of
the shape of a truncated cone, having internal flanges at the larger and
smaller ends, that is to say, flanges or ledges projecting inwards from the
inner surface of the coating represented by a and b respectively, the lower
flange having a piece stopped thereout 1 the whole width of said flange,.
and about five or six inches in length. The interior surface of the cast shell
or concave is lined with a suitable number of segments of burr or other
stone, as represented by c, c, c, c, Figs. 5 & 6, which are of an even and
uniform thickness and length, and of a dovetail shape, and of such length
that when placed as a lining within said shell or concave they fit at their
extreme ends to their corresponding flanges a, b, in the cone, by which flanges
said stone segments are secured from being displaced lengthwise; said stone
segments are also to be chiselled so as to correspond with exactness to each
other as to their contiguous edges, and also to the inner surface of said shell
or concave when placed continuously side by side as a lining of the same;
the last segment of said lining to be of such size and shape as to be
slipped through the opening stopped out of the lower flange, so that when
forced to its proper place in said lining it shall, like the keystone of an arch,
securely tighten such respective segment in its proper place in the cast shell
or concave, which counteracts the outward pressure of said stone lining. As
an additional security to the stone lining, and the more effectually to ensure
a perfect bedding of the said segment lining to the inner surface of said shell
or concave, I make use of cement or plaster or other similar material,
interposing the same between the contiguous edges of each stone segment,
and also between the inner surface of the cast shell and the back side of
said segment lining, which cement or plaster when it becomes hardened will
greatly lessen the liability of the said lining to jar loose under the repeated
blows of the steel pick while the stone lining is being dressed and furrowed.
So soon as the cement or plaster shall have become sufficiently bardened the
stone lining is to be scored down by a steel point or pick to a perfectly even
and uniform surface, after which I form a solid block of burr or other stone D
as a convex runner, to be of such shape and size as to conform to the interior
surface of said concave lining, and by grinding the two stone surfaces together
with sand and water, I cause the said grinding surfaces to form to each other
with the greatest attainable accuracy. I then with a sharp steel pick indent

page_text: a suitable number of furrows, both in the concave and convex grinding surfaces,
and form such crack or dress on the lands as shall be suitable to the article
to be ground. The conical shell A containing the stone lining is cast with
lugs d, d, by which it is affixed to a suitable frame or foundation B; it has
also an extreme flange e, by which the cover C is bolted on to enclose the
large end of the cone and running stone D. The frame B has suitable bear-
ings f, f, to carry the shaft E, on which the runner D is fixed; this shaft is
free to slide lengthwise in such bearings; it has also a third bearing g cast on
the cover C, said bearing being fitted with a screw G to thrust the shaft,
and keep the stone D up to its work; hand wheel h forms a check nut to fix
the screw G in position. The grain to be ground is fed into a hopper H,
which terminates at bottom in a box I, through which the shaft E passes; this
box is open at one side to the small end of the cones, but is somewhat nearly
filled by a broad collar i.on shaft E. This collar has an angular groove in it,
which in its rotation carries the grain down between it, and a false movable
side a in this box I, and so supplies a limited and proper feed to the stones.
The feed is regulated by pressing the movable side a of box I more or less
closely up to the collar i by a thumb-screw y. The ground material escapes
at the channel k, all other parts being too close for escape elsewhere; L is the
strap rigger fixed on shaft E, by which the running stone is driven, or it may
be driven by gearing, if desired. If preferred for any purpose I can make
use of a cylindrical shell or concave, and line the same with segments of burr
or other stone.instead of a concave or shell, of the shape of a truncated cone,
as herein-before described, but generally I prefer a more or less conical form,
as affording much longer wear that if made cylindrical. Instead of fixing
the pieces of stone by a keystone inserted endways, as described, I sometimes
make the metal shell A in two parts, dividing it in the direction of the axis.
These two halves are to be furnished with junction flanges, whereby they may
be bolted together. In this way the pieces of stone may be inserted while
the shell is separate, when the lining stones have been introduced they may
draw hard together and be securely fixed by the forcible compression of the
flange bolts.
For this purpose I introduce a packing between the flanges
more or less elastic, so as to allow of the bolts being screwed up to exert
more or less pressure on the abutting or junction stones, while at same time
the parts of the shell are rigidly held together.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be secured
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the forming of the
concave grinding surface of conical mills by the use of segments of burr or

page_text: other stone placed as a lining within a concave shell of cast iron or other
metal of the shape of a truncated cone (or of a cylindrical shape, if preferred),
the aforesaid segments being bedded in cement or plaster or other similar
material in combination, and as herein-before substantially set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ross, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOHN ROSS. (L.S.)