improvements in Exhaust Steam Injectors.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 25th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 3rd Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
improvements in Exhaust Steam Injectors.
1, ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE, of Upton Grange, Macclesfield, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to a construction of exhaust steam injector in which
the exhaust steam nozzle is moved end ways for the purpose of regulating the cross
sectional area for water between its inner end and the interior of a fixed combining
nozzle, by being screwed in one direction or the other in the body of the injector
casing by means of a worm or spur pinion that gears with a worm wheel or with a
spur wheel on the exterior of the nozzle aud is fixed upon a regulating spindle
extending to the exterior of the casing through a stuffing box fixed either in the
side or eud thereof, according as a worm or pinion is used, the arrangement being
such that by rotating the worm or pinion the steam nozzle will be moved end ways
in one direction or the other, according to the direction of rotation. The injector
is also so constructed that when provided with a central spindle or live steam nozzle
or nozzles passing through the exhaust steam nozzle the latter and also the exhaust
steam passage, have a clear way therethrough unobstructed by cross bars or other
means of attachment for the spindle or nozzle or nozzles.
For this purpose the movable steain nozzle is without cross bars perforated walls
or other obstructions and is inserted through a hole normally closed by an end cap
or cover to which the central spindle is fixed. When a live steam jet is to be
employed, as would be the case when the injector is required to work against a
higher pressure than it would with exhaust steam alone, the spindle is made hollow
and live steam is supplied to it by a pipe connected with the central portion of the
end cap or cover which has a hole through its centre in connection with the spindle.
In one construction the live steam spindle is made single.
In another construction the live steam spindle carried by the perforated cap is
made double but is specially arranged so that of the two concentrically arranged
hollow spindles the outer one, which is made shorter than the inner one, is made to
converge onto the inner so that the area of the steam exit between the two is
smallest at, or practically at, the end of the outer spindle. By this construction
the action of the injector is greatly improved and the jet of mixed water and steam
leaving the injector is able to be forced against a higher pressure than heretofore.
The outer spindle is screwed or fitted onto the inner spindle the latter being provided
with a collar against which the end of the outer spindle makes a steam tight joint.
On the other side of this collar the inner spindle is prolonged and screwed so as to
fasten into the steam passage through the cap aforesaid. The inner spindle is
perforated so that steam supplied to it can pass partly to the outer one and two
concentric jets of live steam he thereby produced. A double spindle constructed
as described can be advantageously used in ordinary injectors.
In a modified construction of the injector, suitable for use when it is desired at
times to work the injector by live steam admitted through the exhaust steam nozzle
instead of with exhaust steam, as when the engine from which the exhaust steam is
obtained is standing, the cap or cover on the end of the injector casing is replaced
by a valve adapted to control the supply of live steam to the exhaust steam chamber

page_text: of the injector where it expands; the ordinary wing valve being preferably left
partly open for the purpose-and acts in the same way as the exhaust steam
supplied to the said chamber. The valve body carries a hollow live steam spindle,
which may be single or double, which extends centrally through the exhaust steam
nozzle, and to which live stean is supplied at high pressure from the chamber at
the supply side of the main valve through a passage controlled by a supplementary
valve the spiudle of which may exteud in a direction either at right angles or
opposite to that of the main valve.
Improvements in Exhaust Steam Injectors.
I, ROBERT GRUNDY BROOKE, of Upton Grange, Macclesfield in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be perforined to be particularly described and ascertained
in nud by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements in exhaust steam injectors and has
for object to increase the efficiency of such injectors as I shall now proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a vertical
section and Fig. 2 a horizontal section on the line of Fig. 1, showing one
construction of exhaust steam injector according to this invention. Fig. 3, is a
part vertical section showing a modified construction of such injector.
In an exhaust stenin injector according to this invention the exhaust steam
nozzle is moved endways, for the purpose of regulating the cross sectional area
for water between its inner end 1 and the interior of a fixed combining nozzle 2,
by being screwed into the injector casing 3 as at 3 and being turned in one
direction or the other by means of a worm 4 that gears with a worm wheel 5 fast
on the exterior of the nozzle 1, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or by means of a toothed
wheel 4 that gears with a spur wheel 5 fast on the said nozzle as shown in Fig. 3,
the worm or pinion being fixed upon a regulating spindle 6 extending to the exterior
of the casing 3 through a stuffing box or tubulur guide 7 fixed either in the
side (Figs. 1 and 2) or end (Fig. 3) of the casing, acconling as a worm or pinion is
used, the arrangement being such that by rotating the worin, or pinion, the steam
nozzle will be moved endwaye in one direction or the other, according to the
direction of rotation. The worin or pinion is formed with a conical portion or
valve 4 which, by being pressed against the coned inuer end of the guide 7,
prevents escape of steam or entrance of air at this point. In lieu of the valve 4° an
ordinary stuffing box may be employed. 6 is a haud regulating wheel fixed on the
spindle 6. The rod 6 may he extended any length as for instance through the
footplate or platform of a locomotive, and the wheel 6 fixed at the upper end
of it.
By constructing and operating the steam uozzle as described, a slower and much
more delicate rogulation of the position of the said nozzle can be obtained than in
arrangements heretofore employed in which the steam nozzle has been simply
moved end ways, without rotation, by a cam or crank carried by a spindle and
engaging in a recess in the outer side of the said nozzle. With the worm and worm
wheel arrangement and also with the toothed wheel arrangement, when the wheel 4*

page_text: is small compared with the wheel 3, a more delicato adjustment can be obtained
than is obtainable even in cases when the steam nozzle is adjusted end ways by a
screw spindle acting direct on the nozzle. The more delicate regulation obtainable
by my arrangement has been found specially advantageous for locomotives. The
arrangement described whilst permitting the injector to be arranged borizontally
and low down on a locomotive, in order to obtain the greatest possible head of
water for rendering the injector more certain in starting, as well understood, admits
of the steam nozzle being very accurately adjusted in a very simple manner as will
be seen from Figs. 4 and 4 which are sido and end elevations of so much of a
locomotive as is necessary to illustrate the application thereto of my improved
injector, 3 being the body of the injector, arranged horizontally, and 6 the spindle
for adjusting the steam cone, this spindle extending vertically through the foot
plate of the engine and being provided at its upper end with a hand regulating
wheel 6. A, B and C are respectively the feed water supply, delivery and
overflow pipes, 10 and 13 are respectively exhaust steam and live steam supply
pipes hereinafter referred to.
The injector is so constructed that when provided with a central solid spindle 8
(Figs. 1 and 2), or bollow steam spindle 9 (Fig. 3) or spindles 9, 9 (Fig. 5) passing
through the exhaust steam nozzle 1, the latter will have a clear way therethrough
unobstructed by cross bars or other means of attachment such as have heretofore
been used for connecting a spindle to a steam nozzle, or in the case of exhaust steam
injectors, for carrying the live steam nozzle, and which have projected into or
crossed the exhaust steain passage, whereby the steam is enabled to act more
efficiently than in injectors as heretofore usually constructed. For this purpose the
nozzle is inserted through a hole that is formed in the end of the injector
casing 8 at 11 and is normally closed by an end cap or cover 12 to which the
centrally arranged spindle or spindles is or are fixed. The movable exhaust steam
nozzle 1 may, as shown in Fig. 3, be made with an open end 1 in free
communication with the exhaust steam supply chamber 10 which is in
communication with a lateral exhaust steam supply passage 10.
In some cases it is found desirable to continuo the steam nozzle 1 through the
steam supply chamber 10, as shown in Fig. 1 so as to obtain a guide or bearing in
the cop 12 for the upper end of the nozzle in addition to the lower bearing 3° 50
that any tendency of the nozzle to cant and seizo by reason of the action of the
worm 4 on the worm wheel 8, when the direction of rotation is reversed, will be
obviated. In this arrangement the nozzle 1 may be screwed into its lower boaring
3.as shown at 3, or in its upper bearing, and the nozzle is formed with lateral
inlet openings 1 for passage of steam to its interior from the steam chamber 10.
Any possible canting or seizing action of the nozzle 1 can also be obviated by
suitably lengthening the lower bearing 3.
When a live steam jet is to be employed, as would be the case when the injector
is required to work against a higher pressure than it would with exhaust steam
alone, the spindle is marie hollow as shown at 9 in Fig. 3 and live stean is supplied
to it by a pipe 13 connected by a union 13 with the central projecting portion 12"
of the end cap or cover 12 which has a hole 12 through its centre in connection
with the hollow spindle.
In the modified construction shown in Fig. 5, the live steam spindle carried by
the perforated cap or cover 12, instead of being single as in Fig. 3, is made double,
but is specially arranged so that of the two concentrically arranged hollow spindles
9, 9, the outer one, tiz. 9, which is made shorter than the inner one 9, is made to
converge onto or towards the inner one so that the area of the steam exit betweon
the two is smallest at, or practically at, the end of the outer spindle, as shown. By
this construction the action of the injector is greatly improved and the jet of mixed
water and steam leaving the injector is able to be forced against a highor pressure
than heretofore usual with double steam spindles. The outer spindle 9 may be
screwed or fitted onto the inner spindle 9 at 9, the latter being provided with a
collur 9° against which the end of the outer spindle makes a steam tight joiut. On

page_text: the other side of this collar the inner spindle is prolonged, as shown at 94, and
screw threaded so as to fasten into the inner end of the steam passage 12' extending
through the cap 12. The inner spindle 9 is formed with perforations 9 so that,
steam supplied to it can pass partly to the outer spindle 9 and two concentric jets
of live stean be thus produced. A double spindle constructed as described can
advantageously be used with the steam nozzles of ordinary injectors, that is to say,
live steam injectors.
Fig. 6 shows n further modified construction of the injector suitable for use when.
in addition to the live steam admitted through the central spindle, it is desired at
times to work the injector by live steam admitted through the exhaust steam
nozzle 1 and around the spindle instead of by exhaust steam, as for example when the
engine from which the exhaust steam is obtained is standing. In this arrangement
the rap or cover 12 on the end of the injector casing 3, is in the form of a valvo
body or case 15 provided with a valve proper 10 adapted to control the supply of
live steam to the exhaust steam chamber 10 of the injector where it expands-the
ordinary wing valve 14 being preferably left partly open for the purpose-and acts
in the same way as the exhaust steam supplied to the said chamber in the ordinary
way. The valve body 16 carries a hollow live steam spindle, 'which may be single
as shown at 9 in full lines or double as shown at 9, 9" in full and dotted lines. The
spindle extends centrally through the exhaust steam nozzle 1, and live steam is
supplied to it at higher pressure from the chamber 15 at the supply side of the
main valve 16 through a passage 17 controlled by a supplementary valve 18 the
spindle 19 of which may extend outward in a direction at right angles to that of
the main valve as shown, or in any other suitable direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In an injector, a rotary exhaust steam nozzle screwed into the injector, gearing
located within said casing and adapted to rotate the said nozzle and thereby move
it eud ways, and a regulating spindle extending to the exterior of said casing and
adapted to operate the said gearing, substantially as described for the purpose
specified.
2. In an injector having an exhaust steam supply chamber with lateral inlet
passage and an endways movable exhaust steam nozzle or support in communication
with the said steam supply chamber, a fixed spindle carried by the end of the
injector casing and extending through the said chamber and nozzle without lateral
arms or lateral supports so as to form with the said nozzle an unobstructed annular
passage for exhaust steam, substantially as described.
3. In un injector having an exhaust steam supply chamber with lateral inlet
passage and an endways movable exhaust steam nozzle 1 in cominunication with
the said chamber, a hollow live-steam spindle carried by a cap or cover that closes
a hole in the end of the injector, the said hollow spindle being in communication
with a live steam passage extending through the said cap or cover, and having its
inner end extending into but independent of the said nozzle, substantially as
described.
4. In an injector, the combination with the steam nozzle, of a compound live
steam spindle arranged to project into the steam nozzle and composed of two
concentric hollow spindles the internal space between which is connected with the
passage through the inner spindle by suitably arranged holes, the outer spindle
being made shorter than and so as to converge towards the inner one and the area
of the steam exit from the outer spindle being smallest at or practically at the free
end of the said outer spindle, substantially as described.
5. In an injector, an endways adjustable exhaust steam nozzle, and a compound
live steam spindle carried independently of the said nozzle and composed of two
hollow spindles that are in communicatiou with each other and the outer of which
is mado shorter than and so as to converge towards the inner one, the area of the

page_text: steam exit from the outer spindle being smallest at or practically at the free end
thereof substantially as described.
6. The combination with an exhaust steam injector having an exhaust steam
supply chamber with lateral inlet passage and an exhaust steam nozzle in free
communication with the said chamber, of a live steam valve mounted on the end of
the injector casing with its main exit in communication with the said exhaust steam
supply chamber and provided with a hollow live steam spindle that extends
concentrically through the main exit into the said steam nozzle and the supply of
live steam to which is controlled by a supplementary valve, substantially as
described.
7. Injectors having their exhaust steam supply chambers, adjustable exhaust
steam nozzles, and fixed spindles constructed, arranged and operating as
bereinbefore described with reference respectively to and shown in Figs. 1 and 2 ;
in Fig. 3; and in Fig. 6 of the drawings annexed, whether or not tho hollow steam
spindle be modified eccording to Fig 5
Dated this 25th day of February 1897.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.