Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres, and to Means for Repairing the same when Punctured.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 11th July, 1895-Accepted, 19th Oct., 1895
[Communicated from abroad by ERNEST W. YOUNG, of 339 West Lake Street,
Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Mechanic.]
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres, and to Means for
Repairing the same when Punctured.
I, DAVID YOUNG, Patent Agent, of the Firm of D. Young & Co.,
11 and 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres and is designed to provide simple and
efficient means for repairing the same when punctured.
The said invention comprises:
-An elastic air-tube adapted for service in the annular tubular sheath or
casing of a pneumatic tire and containing a longitudinally extending flexible
patching ply preferably of rubber-attached along its longitudinal edge-portions
to the inner sides of the air-tube and formed or secured to such tube so as to
provide apertures along its longitudinal marginal portion, said patching ply being,
when in use, normally held upon the base-portion of the tube by reason of the
pressure of air within the latter.
II The method of repairing, consisting in providing the air-tube with a
patching ply such as above described, and in first injecting into the air-tube a
suitable quantity of cement, by means of an injector inserted through the tire at
a point where a puncture has occurred and thereby depositing such cement upon
the inner side of the patching ply and next pressing down the tread portion of the
deflated tire at such point so as to cause the portion of the air-tube next to the
tread of the tire to engage and adhere to the cemented portion of the patching ply
and pick up the same. The puncture will thus be closed by the picked up portion
of the patching ply, while the remaining portion of the patching ply will still lie at
the base, the apertures aforesaid, permitting such condition and also permitting the
inclosed body of compressed air to be continuous throughout the tire.
III Where the rubber stock is such that it will not shrink, the method of
applying the patching ply consisting in attaching to a thin sheet of rubber film a
vulcanized thin rubber strip suitable for forming the patching ply; then rolling
the thin sheet of rubber film upon a mandrel to form an air-tube, and then
vulcanizing the same.
IV The patching ply can be perforated along its longitudinal edge-portion, or
its edge portion can be secured to the air-tube at separated points, whereby
apertures are practically formed, but as a matter of further improvement the
patching ply can he attached by small rubber-tags consisting of small pieces of
thin rubber cemented to the ply and to the air-tube, and preferably these tags are
made oblong and provided with slots or perforations. The great advantage in this
arrangement is where it becomes desirable to first make the air-tube and then
attach the patching ply. In such case the air-tube will be turned inside out, the
patching ply then attached by the tags, and the air-tube then turned back to its
former condition so as to bring the patching ply inside. During the operation of
attaching the patching ply, the air-tube is desirably supported in a distended
condition by a mandrel, and where the ends of the air-tube are closed, the mandrel

page_text: can be introduced and removed by way of the small hole formed for the nipple,
which latter can be subsequently attached, it being observed that the tube will
stretch about such hole to allow such insertion and withdrawal of the nipple.
-
V-A cement injector for the foregoing described repairing operation, consisting
in a receptacle provided with a tubular nozzle; a needle which can be temporarily
inserted in such nozzle so that its point will project slightly from the end of the
nozzle and thereby provide the instrument with a sharp point which will readily
penetrate the tire; and a plunger for forcing the cement through the nozzle after
the needle has been withdrawn therefrom. As a simple and desirable construction,
the receptacle is internally threaded for the reception of a threaded piston or
plunger, and the latter is provided with the needle. The piston or plunger is
reversible. whereby first, the needle can be introduced within the nozzle, and
subsequently, the plunger can be reversed so as to remove the needle from the
nozzle and permit the plunger to be screwed down into the cement holding cup or
receptacle so as to eject a suitable quantity of the cement through the discharge
nozzle.
VI The foregoing matters can also be used in conjunction with a one-tube
pneumatic tire, although their use in conjunction with an inner elastic air-tube
constitute a matter of further improvement.
Dated this 25th day of March 1895
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres, and to Means for
Repairing the same when Punctured.
I, DAVID YOUNG, Patent Agent, of the Firm of D. Young & Co.,
11 and 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres and is designed to provide simple and
efficient means for repairing the same when punctured.
The said invention comprises:
I-An elastic air-tube adapted for service in the annular tubular sheath or
casing of a pneumatic tire and containing a longitudinally extending flexible
patching ply preferably of rubber-attached along its longitudinal edge-portions
to the inner sides of the air-tube and formed or secured to such tube so as to
provide apertures along its longitudinal marginal portion, said patching-ply being,
when in use, normally held upon the base-portion of the tube by reason of the
pressure of air within the latter.
II The method of repairing, consisting in providing the air-tube with a
patching-ply such as above described, and in first injecting into the air-tube a
suitable quantity of cement, by means of an injector inserted through the tire at
a point where a puncture has occurred and thereby depositing such cement upon
the inner side of the patching-ply and next pressing down the tread portion of the
deflated tire at such point so as to cause the portion of the air-tube next to the
tread of the tire to engage and adhere to the cemented portion of the patching-ply
and pick up the same. The puncture will thus be closed, by the picked up portion
of the patching-ply, while the remaining portion of the patching-ply will still lie at
the base, the apertures aforesaid permitting such condition and also permitting the
inclosed body of compressed air to be continuous throughout the tire.
III Where the rubber stock is such that it will not shrink, the method of

page_text: applying the patching-ply consists in attaching to a thin sheet of rubber film a
vulcanized thin rubber strip suitable for forming the patching-ply; then rolling
the thin sheet of rubber film upon a mandrel to form an air-tube, and then
vulcanizing the same.
IV The patching ply can be perforated along its longitudinal edge-portion, or
its edge portion can be secured to the air-tube at separated points, whereby
apertures are practically formed, but as a matter of further improvement the
patching ply can be attached by small rubber-tags consisting of small pieces of
thin rubber cemented to the ply and to the air-tube, and preferably these tags can
be made oblong and provided with slots or perforations. The great advantage in
this arrangement is where it becomes desirable to first make the air-tube and then
attach the patching ply. In such case the air-tube will be turned inside out, the
patching ply then attached by the tags, and the air-tube then turned back to its
former condition so as to bring the patching-ply inside. During the operation of
attaching the patching-ply, the air-tube is desirably supported in a distended con-
dition by a mandrel, and where the ends of the air-tube are closed, the mandrel
can be introduced and removed by way of the small hole formed for the nipple,
which latter can be subsequently attached, it being observed that the tube will
stretch about such hole to allow such insertion and withdrawal of the nipple.
V-A cement injector for the foregoing described repairing operation, consisting
in a receptacle provided with a tubular nozzle; a needle which can be temporarily
inserted in such nozzle so that its point will project slightly from the end of the
nozzle and thereby provide the instrument with a sharp point which will readily
penetrate the tire; and a plunger for forcing the cement through the nozzle after
the needle has been withdrawn therefrom. As a simple and desirable construction,
the receptacle is internally threaded for the reception of a threaded piston or
plunger, and the latter is provided with the needle. The piston or plunger is
reversible, whereby first, the needle can be introduced within the nozzle, and
subsequently, the plunger can be reversed so as to remove the needle from the
nozzle and permit the plunger to be screwed down into the cement holding cup or
receptacle so as to eject a suitable quantity of the cement through the discharge
nozzle.
VI-The foregoing matters can also be used in conjunction with a one tube
pneumatic tire, although their use in conjunction with an inner elastic air-tube
constitutes a matter of further improvement.
In the accompanying drawings,-
Figure 1 represents an elastic inner air-tube for a pneumatic tire.
Figure 2 shows said tube in longitudinal section.
Figure 3 represents the patching-ply provided with slotted attaching tags and
attached by means of such tags to a thin sheet of rubber which is adapted for
forming the air-tube. In this figure the tags are made in one piece with the
patching-ply.
Figure 4 shows the patching-ply with the slotted tags made separate therefrom
and attached to said patching-ply, for example, by cement.
Figure 5 illustrates a mandrel.
Figure 6 shows on a larger scale, the mandrel and air-tube in cross-section, and
illustrates a mode of attaching the patching-ply to the air-tube.
Figure 7 represents in cross-section, the air-tube removed from the mandrel and
turned inside out so as to bring the patching-ply within the air-tube.
Figure 8 shows in cross-section, the air-tube of Fig. 7, confined within the
tubular sheath or casing of a pneumatic tire, said sheath being fitted upon the rim
of a wheel.
Figure 9 illustrates the wheel rim and pneumatic tire of the preceding figure,
with the discharge nozzle of a cement injector introduced within the tire, and the
tread portion of the latter somewhat depressed, thereby showing one of the steps
involved in the method of repairing a puncture in the tire. In this figure, the tire
is understood to be deflated.

page_text: Figure 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, with the cement injector removed and
the tread portion of the tire, further depressed, so as to cause adhesion between the
patching-ply and the portion of the air-tube immediately around the point of
puncture therein.
Figure 11 is a similar view showing the tire inflated, with the patching-ply
picked up and cemented to the punctured portion of the inner air-tube."
Figure 12 illustrates the cement injector with the needle extending through the
discharge nozzle so as to provide a point for the same, the cup and nozzle of the
cement injector being shown in longitudinal section, and the reversible plunger and
needle being shown in elevation.
as
Figure 13 is a like view showing the plunger reversed, so to permit the
ejection of cement from the cup.
Figure 14 shows a portion of the tire in longitudinal section, with the patching-
ply cemented to a punctured portion of the tire.
The elastic air-tube A is adapted to be confined within the annular tubular sheath
or casing B, of a pneumatic tire, and is to be arranged within said sheath and
inflated, in the usual or in any suitable way. The patching-ply C consists of a
thin flexible sheet, preferably of rubber. This patching-ply is attached along its
longitudinal edges to the inner sides of the air-tube and extends longitudinally
within the said air-tube. The attachment and arrangement of the patching-ply is
such, that it normally lies and is held by the internal air-pressure upon the base
portion of the tube B, Figure 8, it being understood that the base-portion b of
said sheath or tube is its portion next to the wheel rim D, and that the diametrically
opposite portion of said sheath or tube is its tread-portion which runs upon the
ground. By such arrangement, the patching-ply will not be punctured when a
puncture occurs in the tread of the tire, since the patching-ply will be out of the
way of a thorn or other sharp piece which may penetrate the tire while the latter
is running along the road. When however, a puncture is made through the sheath
and air-tube, at any point along the tread of the tire, a portion of the patching-ply
opposite such puncture can be readily cemented to the punctured: portion of the
air-tube, and since such cemented portion of the patching-ply will be picked and
raised from its normal position, when the tire is again inflated, it is desirable to
provide apertures between the inner wall of the air-tube and the longitudinal edge
portions of the patching-ply, so as to permit a balance or equalization of air-pressure
throughout the interior of the air-tube.
the same.
The method of repairing consists in providing the air-tube with a patching-ply
as above described, and in first injecting into the air-tube a suitable quantity of
cement, by means of an injector inserted through the tire at a point where a
puncture has occurred, and thereby depositing such cement upon the inner side
of the patching-ply, and next pressing down the tread portion of the deflated tire
at such point so as to cause the portion of the air-tube next to the tread of the
tire to engage and adhere to the cemented portion of the patching-ply and pick up
The puncture will thus be closed by the picked-up portion of the
patching-ply, while the remaining portion of the patching-ply will still lie next to
the base of the tire, the apertures between the inner wall of the air-tube and the
longitudinal edge portions of the patching-ply, permitting such condition and also
permitting the inclosed body of compressed air to be continuous throughout the
tire. In Fig. 9, the tire is understood to have been punctured, and to be deflated.
In said figure, the discharge nozzle e of the cement injector E is inserted through
the puncture in the sheath B and corresponding puncture in the air-tube A, and
the tread portion of the tire, which comprises the sheath and air-tube, is shown
somewhat depressed, so as to permit the cement to be deposited upon a portion of
the patching-ply. In Fig. 10, the cement injector is removed, and the tread of the
tire is depressed, so as to permit the punctured portion of the air-tube to come
into contact with the portion of the patching-ply upon which the cement has been
deposited. Upon releasing the tread portion of the tire from pressure, and again
inflating the tire, it will be distended as in Fig. 11, whereby the portion of the

page_text: patching-ply which is cemented to the punctured portion of the air-tube will be
picked up as in Figs. 11 and 14, while the remaining portion of the patching-ply
will still lie adjacent to the base of the tire, and thereby, be out of the way, but in
readiness for further like use.
Where the rubber stock employed for making the air-tubes, is such that it will
not shrink during vulcanization, the patching-ply consisting of a thin vulcanized
rubber strip can be attached to a thin sheet of rubber film, and the whole can then
be rolled up into tubular form and vulcanized. Fig. 3, shows the patching-ply
attached to such sheet of rubber film, and Fig. 5 illustrates a mandrel upon which
the film can be rolled to form an air-tube.
The patching-ply can be perforated along its longitudinal edge-portion, or its
edge-portion can be secured to the air-tube at separated points, whereby apertures
such as hereinbefore described are provided, but as a matter of further improve-
ment the patching-ply can be attached by small rubber tags c, consisting of small
pieces of thin rubber cemented to the patching-ply and to the air-tube, and
preferably, these tags are made oblong and provided with slots or perforations c¹.
The great advantage in this arrangement is where it becomes desirable to first
make the air-tube, and then attach the patching-ply to the same.
In such case
the air-tube will be turned inside out, the patching-ply then attached by the tags
to the exposed surface of the air-tube, as in Fig. 6, and the air-tube then turned
back to its former condition so as to bring the patching-ply inside the air-tube as
in Fig. 7. During the operation of attaching the patching-ply to the air-tube, the
latter is desirably supported in a distended condition by a mandrel F, as in Fig. 6,
and where the ends a of the air-tube are closed as in Figs. 1 and 2, the mandrel
can be introduced and removed by way of the small hole a' Figure 2, formed in
the air-tube for the nipple, which latter can be subsequently attached, it being
observed that the tube will stretch about such hole to allow such insertion and
withdrawal of the mandrel. It is evident that when the air-tube is turned inside
out, and the patching-ply applied to the exposed surface of the air-tube as in
Fig. 6, the patching-ply can be smoothly and evenly laid, and that in applying it
to the air-tube, the elastic tags c can be slightly stretched, and in such condition
secured to the air-tube, whereby, when the air-tube is again turned so as to bring
the patching-ply inside of the air-tube as in Fig. 7, the slack will be taken up by
the retraction of the elastic tags to their normal condition, and hence the
patching-ply will lie smooth within the air-tube. As a further explanation of the
foregoing it will be seen that when the air-tube is turned the second time, as in
Fig. 7, the patching-ply will lie in the line of a circle which is somewhat smaller
than the circle in which it lies in Fig. 6, and that unless the tags are applied in
a stretched condition, the patching-ply when finally brought inside of the air-tube
as in Fig. 7, would have an undesirable slack and would not lie smooth.
The cement injector E for the foregoing described repairing operation, consists
in a receptacle e provided with a tubular nozzle e; a needle E which can be
temporarily inserted in such nozzle as in Fig. 12 so that its point will project
slightly from the end of the nozzle and thereby provide the instrument with a
sharp point which will readily penetrate the tire; and a plunger e² for forcing
the cement through the nozzle after the needle has been withdrawn therefrom, as
in Figs. 9 and 13.
As a simple and desirable construction, the receptacle is internally threaded for
the reception of a threaded piston or plunger e² and the latter is provided with a
needle E. The piston or plunger is reversible, so that the needle can be first
introduced within the nozzle, and subsequently, the plunger can be reversed so as
to remove the needle from the nozzle and permit the plunger to be screwed down
into the cement holding cup or receptacle e¹ so as to eject a suitable quantity of
cement through the discharge nozzle e.
The foregoing matters can also be used in conjunction with a one-tube pneumatic
tire, although their use in conjunction with an inner elastic air-tube constitutes a
matter of further improvement.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A pneumatic tire provided with a patching strip or web arranged within the
air-chamber, whether such air-chamber be within a one-tube tire or
a tire
composed of a sheath and inner air-tube, said patching strip being normally
maintained adjacent to the base and away from the tread of the tire and being
arranged so that it can be picked up at points along its length and cemented to
punctured portions of the tire, substantially as set forth.
2. A pneumatic tire provided with a patching strip which extends longitudinally
within the tire and which is secured along both of its longitudinal edge portions
and normally maintained adjacent to the base of the tire, said strip being arranged
so that it can be picked up at points along its length and cemented at such
points to punctured portions of the tread part of the tire, and apertures or
perforations being provided to permit an equilibrium of pressure at opposite sides
of the strip when it is picked up and cemented at any point or points to the tread
part of the tire, substantially as set forth.
3. A pneumatic tire provided with a sheath, an inclosed air-tube, and a patching
strip extending longitudinally within the air-tube and secured along its longitudinal
edge portions to opposite sides of the inner wall of the air-tube, said strip being
normally maintained adjacent to the base of the tire and being arranged so that
it can be picked up at points along its length and cemented to punctured portions
of the tread part of the tire, substantially as and.for the purpose described.
4. The within described mode of repairing pneumatic tires, consisting in
arranging within the tire a patching strip such as set forth, introducing cement
within the tire and cementing a portion of the strip to a punctured portion of the
tire, and maintaining an equilibrium of pressure at opposite sides of the portion of
the strip thus picked up and cemented to the tire.
5. The within described mode of preparing air-tubes for pneumatic tires,
consisting in arranging the patching strip upon a distended air-tube, laterally
stretching the strip at points along its marginal portion, cementing the stretched
portions to the air-tube, and then turning the air-tube so as to bring the strip
within the same, for the purpose described.
6. A pneumatic tire comprising a sheath, an inclosed air-tube, and, a patching-ply
arranged within the air-tube and secured thereto by slotted tags, substantially as
set forth.
7. A cement injector comprising an internally threaded cement cup having a
discharge nozzle, and a reversible threaded plunger provided with a needle,
substantially as set forth.
8. A cement injector comprising a cement cup having a discharge nozzle, a
needle, and means for ejecting the cement from the cement cup.
Dated thin 10ch da. 1905
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.