Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 4th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 18th Jan., 1887.
I, THOMAS FREDERICK VEASEY, 76 Finsbury Chambers, London E.C. Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 shows a view in side elevation of my heater and purifier.
Figure 2 a vertical central section of the same in a plane from front to rear.
Figure 3 a similar section of the same in a plane at right angles to that of the
section in Fig. 2.
Figure 4 a horizontal section of my apparatus on line x, x, of Fig. 2.
Figure 5 a similar section of the same on line y, y, of Fig. 2.
Figure 6 a similar section on line 2, 2, of Fig. 2.
Figure 7 a detail sectional view showing the construction of the upper head_plate
near its outer edge, the means and manner of fastening the upper ends of the tubes to
such plate and a portion of one of the tubes.
Figure 8 a detail sectional view showing the manner and means of fastening the
lower ends of the tubes in the bottom plate.
Figure 9 a detail plan view of one of the tube caps, and
Figure 10 a detail sectional view of a modified form of a portion of the apparatus
showing the construction where plain tubes are used.
Figure 11 is a sectional elevation of a modification.
Figure 12 is a sectional view showing another modification.
Figure 13 is a detached view of the thimbles and tubes.
Figure 14 shows another modification of my improved heater and purifier.
Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.
The object of my Invention is to provide an improved apparatus for heating and
purifying feed water for boilers, and to this end

page_text: It consists in the feed water heater and purifier and in the construction, arrange-
ment and combination of the parts thereof, as hereinafter specified.
To precipitate all the impurities in feed water, such as the earthly carbonates,
sulphates, silicates, &c., it is often not sufficient to heat the water from the exhaust.
steam alone applied in any of the various ways heretofore used. The water cannot be
heated hot enough by exhaust steam to make the precipitation of impurities thorough
and complete.
.
In my apparatus, therefore, the water before it goes to the boiler is subjected to the
action of live steam from the boiler, in such a way that it is heated very hot and all
the impurities in it are precipitated.
By my apparatus as will be described, the sediment is automatically collected where
it can be blown off as desired.
In the drawings the casing of my apparatus is shown as consisting of the base or
bottom portion A, having its upper portion cylindrical, and its lower part flaring,
the cylinder B, attached to the top of this base, the middle cylindrical portion C,
fastened to the top of part. B, the cylinder D, on top of and fastened to the middle
portion, and the dome cap E on top of cylinder I).
The cylinder B at the top and bottom is curved inward as shown in drawing. The
curvature commences from the point of attachment to base A and cylinder C.
The outside of this cylinder B is covered with any well known non-conducting
substance. An outer casing B is placed over and around the non-conducting
substance and can be fastened to the cylinder B or to the cylinder C and base A.
The object of curving the cylinder B inward as shown, is to allow said cylinder to
expand and contract.
The curving of the cylinder at the bottom also forms a space between the said
cylinder and the base, to allow the water and sediment to pass from one to the other.
The base A, and middle portion C forming the connection between the upper and
lower cylinders B and D, I preferably make of cast iron while said cylinders are by
preference made of the best boiler iron.
The base is flanged as shown around its upper edge at a, and to such flange is bolted
the flanged ring on the lower end of cylinder B.
h
The lower and upper ends of the connecting portion C, of the casing are provided
with flanges c, c, to which are bolted flanged rings h and d, on the upper end of
cylinder B and the lower end of cylinder D, respectively.
The dome cap E is around its edge provided with a downwardly extending flange e,
which fits within and is bolted to the upper end of the cylinder D.
The cylinder D and dome E is covered with a non-conducting substance as shown
in illustration.
E is a man hole placed in the dome E.
part of cylinder C
Another man hole is placed in the top
I do not, of course intend to limit myself to the means shown for fastening the parts
of the casing together. Any other of the well known means in use for analogous
purposes can be used as desired.
Within the base A, and cast in one piece therewith is the inclined plate A¹, forming
the bottom of the chamber A², in the base.
Also cast in one piece with the base is the pipe A³, for the exhaust steam from the
engine.
The outer end of this pipe is flanged as shown for proper connection with the pipe
or pipes conducting the exhaust steam.
Within the chamber A, in the base, the pipe A³, turns upward and is enlarged as
shown best in Fig. 2, so as to leave only a narrow annular space around its upper
portion between it and the casing.
It is supported from the sides of the base A, by the radial arms or connecting
pieces a, a, and from the bottom plate A', of chamber A³, by one or more uprights a³.
Upon the upper flanged end of this pipe is fastened a plate F, provided with a
number of openings f,f,f.

page_text: Through the base casing, the brow on pipe, provided with a suitable stop cOCK y,
is tapped into the chamber A2 at the bottom of its lowest side.
Into said chamber on the opposite side near its top opens the cold water pipe G¹
from the water supply pump.
Clamped and held at its edges between the flanged ring 6, on the upper end of
cylinder B, and the flange e, on the middle connecting portion C, of the casing is the
plate H provided with a series of holes h, h, h, corresponding and in line with those in
plate F.
The plate H, is preferably formed with the annular corrugation or crease h¹,
outside of or surrounding the series of holes for a purpose to be hereinafter
set forth.
Open ended thimbles or short tubes I, I, are situated in and extend through the
openings in both the plates.
The upper end of the lower thimbles and lower ends of the upper one are
contracted or provided with internal annular flanges i, i, forming shoulders.
Into the contracted ends of opposite thimbles are expanded the opposite ends of the
tubes K, K, K.
Upon the outer end of each thimble beyond the plate through which the thimble
extends is screwed an annular cap or nut I', extending beyond the edge of the
opening in the plate so as to bear against the outer side of the plate.
The tubes KK, may be expanded into auxiliary thimbles K³ (see Fig. 13) placed
on both ends of the said tubes. These thimbles are expanded into the plates H & F.
By doing this I do away with the nut I spoke of heretofore. The thimbles should be
made of the same material as the tubes. By doing this the corrosive action that takes
place at the ends of the tubes is transferred to the thimbles. A saving of the whole
tubes is thereby, as the thimbles can be easily replaced when destroyed.
Thimbles enable the tubes to he used continuously by slightly increasing the length
of said thimbles at each successive removal. In removing tubes the ends are damaged
and shortened, and it is chiefly to allow these tubes to be used in the same position in
the said condenser or heater continuously, that these thimbles are utilized.
On its inner or bearing side each cap or nut is preferably provided with a gasket I
held as shown in a groove I' in the nut and adapted when the nut is screwed in on
the thimble against the plate to make a tight joint.
When the nuts on the thimbles on the opposite ends of each tube are screwed so as
to bear firmly against the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower plates H, & F,
respectively, the tube will then be held most firmly in place with its ends open to and
in communication with the space within the enlarged upper end of the exhaust steam
pipe and with the space within connection piece C, above plate H.
With the tubes thus fastened to plates F, and H, tight joints are made so that there
is no communication between the space within the cylinder B, surrounding the series
of tubes and either the exhaust pipe or connection C.
The water flowing into the chamber A2 in the base through pipe G can pass
up freely around the upper, the exhaust steam pipe, and around and among the series
of parallel tubes K, K, K, and out through the outlet pipe B1, tapped into the
cylinder B, near its top as shown.
This pipe is as shown provided with two branches, one B2, extending downward,
and the other B³, upward, each one being provided with a valve or stop cock b².
The middle or connecting casing portion C, is provided within with an inclined
partition C inclined downward to the same side as the bottom of chamber A2, within
the base A.
This plate or partition devides the space within the casing section C, into the upper
and lower chambers (³, C³.
With the latter chamber, the upper ends of the tubes K, K, K, connect and form
such chamber, at its larger side extends the pipe L, for conducting away the exhaust.
steam after it has passed up through the tubes K, K, K.
From the lowest portion of the upper chamber C, opens the blow-off pipe L',
supplied with a suitable stop cock I'.

page_text: The connecting casing section C, is as shown provided with a handhole (, opening
into the upper chamber C, and provided with a stop plate and fastening of the
ordinary and well known form.
Within the cylinder D, is the iron shell M concentric with the cylinder and
supported therefrom by inverted U-shaped lugs m, m, attached to the outer side of the
shell near its top.
in
If desired, instead of separate lugs ou the shell, a flanged ring an inverted
cross section, can, of course, be used provided with any desired number of openings to
allow of free communication between the lower and upper portions of the annular
space between the shell and casing D.
To the inner face of the cylinder casing are attached the plates m', m', having their
upper portions bent out and up so as to stand parallel with the casing.
The outer legs of the lugs on the shell M, are received and held between the outer
ends of the plates and the casing, and are supported on the shoulders formed by the
bends in the plate.
The lower end of shell M, stands above the top of the central portion C, of the
casing, and its top extends nearly up to the dome cap E.
Down through the top of such cap extends the pipe N, carring on its lower end just
within the top of the shell M, the rose N', preferably copper faced, adapted to throw
water flowing through pipe N, down in a finely divided shower, well spread out within
.the shell M.
Extending through the casing D, and into the shell below such rose is the pipe O
for conducting live steam from the steam drum of the boiler into the interior of the
shell.
The steam flowing in through such pipe strikes across the shower of water from the
rose N¹.
At some distance below this live steam pipe is the outlet pipe P, communicating
with the space between the casing D, and shell M.
A water gauge It is also provided communicating with such space so as to show the
height of the water in the space.
Through the side of the casing D diametrically opposite to pipe P, and at the same
height is tapped a pipe S, extending into the shell M and bearing on its inner and
within the shell the horizontal funnel S', with its mouth or larger end about the
middle of the interior of the shell.
The outer end of pipe S, is turned up vertically and carried well up towards the top
of the casing D.
Attached to the casing around the pipe S, is the tubular arm T, carrying on its
outer end the upright short cylinder T enclosing the bend in pipe S, and a portion of
the upright end of such pipe.
To the upper end of cylinder T is attached the lower end of the scum and foam
receiving chamber U, closed at its upper end and provided there with a safety
valve UT.
From the lower end of the supporting cylinder T', extends the blow-off pipe T
provided with stop valve t, and connected at its lower end with the blow-off pipe from
chamber A
The pipe B³, extending upward from the water outlet pipe B', from cylinder B,
connects as shown with the pipe N, and rose N¹.
The operation of my apparatus is as follows:-
Cold water, flows from the pump into chamber A, in the base where it strikes the
exhaust pipe and becoming warın therefrom deposits a portion of its impurities in the
form of sediment which falls down to the lowest side of the chamber where it collects
and from whence it can be blown off, as desired through the pipe G.
The water passes from chamber A2, up around and among the tubes K, K
where it is still more thoroughly heated by the exhaust steam passing up through
them.
As the temperature of the water is thus increased more of the impurities are
precipitated and fall down as sediment into the chamber A", where they are collected

page_text: along with the sediment urst deposited, as described, to be blown off through
pipe G.
As already set forth, the exhaust steam from the engine enters the exhaust pipe A³,
passes up through tubes K, K, into chamber (³ and out through the discharge
pipe L.
The water within the casing B, after passing up around and among tubes K, K, and
being heated therefrom passes out through pipe B'.
Where the water as supplied from the pump is not very foul, it may be sufficiently
purified by the heating which it receives from the exhaust steam applied as described
above and the consequent precipitation of its slight impurities and can then be
conducted to the boiler directly from outlet pipe B, by means of pipe B². But where
the water is very impure and foul or where it is desired to make it as pure as possible,
sufficient heat cannot he obtained and imported to the water from exhaust steam to
precipitate all the impurities.
For such complete and thorough precipitation a much higher degree of heat is
necessary.
I therefore conduct the water from the outlet pipe B', through pipe B' and
connecting pipes upward and discharge it down through the rose N¹ in a finely
divided shower within the shell M.
The live steam flowing in through pipe O strikes across this shower and being thus
brought into intimate contract with every particle of the water heats the water very
hot and causes all the impurities to be precipitated therefrom and deposited upon the
inclined bottom of chamber where in the form of sediment they fall down to and are
collected at the lowest part of the chamber.
From that point they can be blown off through pipe L', when desired.
When there are salts and light substances in the water scum and foam is formed on
the top of the water when heated. Such foam and scum as is well known interferes
with the proper indications of the water and steam gauges, and the scum gets between
the valves and their seats and when it gets into the steam pipes and engine, causes
great damage.
The scum or foam which may form on the surface of the water within the shell M,
cannot get into the outlet pipe P, on account of the shell extending down considerably
below the surface of the water within the shell and cylinder casing D.
To reach the pipe, the scum or foam would have to pass down under the lower
edge of the shell and then up again outside of the shell.
This it obviously cannot do while the level of the water is above the lower end of
the shell.
As the level of the water within the shell and within the space around the shell
must be substantially the same, as they are in communication, the water gauge R,
will show always whether there is enough water within the shell.
The scum and foam retained within the shell as described and floating on the
surface of the water therein is collected within the mouth of the horizontal funnel S¹
passed out through the pipe at the outer small end of the funnel and thence upward
and out at the top of the pipe within the scum and foam receiving chamber.
It then falls down into the upright tubular continuation T at the bottom of the
chamber from which it can be blown off through the blow-off pipe T².
The safety valve U' at the top of chamber prevents an undue amount of pressure in
such chamber.
As the outlet pipe for the purified and heated water from the cylinder D, is at the
same height as the discharge end of the funnel, the level of the water within the
cylinder and the shell M, will be normally maintained at the right level for the proper
action of the funnel in removing the scuin and foam from the top of the water in said
shell.
The tubes K, K, are preferably made of copper or brass corrugated spirally as shown
in the drawings.
Being corrugated they are stronger than plain tubes and so can be made thinner so
as to transmit heat more readily through their walls.

page_text: Another advantage is that they can expand and contract without bringing undue
strain on the head plates F, H.
Any tube can be unfastened and drawn out for renewal or repair upon the
unscrewing of the nut or annular cap on the thimble on one of its ends.
The annular crease or corrugation in the top plate will allow a springing or bending
of the plate without injury, if the tubes should expand or contract in length so that if
desired plain tubes can be used as shown in Fig. 10 expanded at their ends directly
into the openings in the head plates.
Instead of spirally corrugated tubes, annularly corrugated ones can obviously be
used without departing from my invention.
Where the tubes are corrugated, the ends are left plain as shown.
The pipe u, tapped into the casing B above the outlet pipe B', is for the purpose
of admitting live steam when desired into the casing B, to still further heat the water
therein and so supplementing the heating and purifying action of the exhaust steam.
Each annular cap or nut I', I', is formed with radial ribs, 2, 2, or an angular
portion, so that a key can readily be used to unscrew it.
As the exhaust steam after issuing from the upper ends of the tubes K, K, strikes
against and passes along under the inclined bottom of the upper water chamber, it aids
somewhat in maintaining the heat of the water in such chamber by keeping the
chamber bottom warm.
In Fig. 11 is shown the construction of the purifier, without the extra purifying
apparatus placed on and above the cylinder C. In this case the exhaust opening is
placed in cylinder C, and the said cylinder is domed over as shown in the illustration.
On the top of the dome is a scum collector P connected by a tube to the cylinder B
through the plate H.
This scum collector P4 is provided with an outlet pipe having a cock or valve which
is connected with the main blow-off pipe for sediment.
This modification can be made as shown in Fig. I with nonconducting casing or
with the annular space as shown in fig. 4.
Fig. 12. shows another modification of my improved purifier, consisting of the
cylinder C and D with dome, and all the appliances shown in fig. 2 supported
independently by legs or base. In this case the blow off pipe is underneath.
The modifications shown in figs. 11 and 14, set forth and show the means of the
lower part of the purifier working independently of the upper part, and vice versa, or
combined in figs. 1 and 12.
Fig. 14, in showing a modification does not differ greatly from the principle of my
invention already described. All the parts are adhered to with the exception that
cylinder B is at the upper end 4 fastened to the plate H and the outer casing is
fastened to the cylinder C. By doing this a space is formed around the cylinder B
which has a connection with the exhaust chamber in C, through an annular passage b.
In this case the exhaust outlet is placed at the lower part of the cylinder B at 62.
The object of this is to obtain a greater heating surface for the cylinder B containing
the feed water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to he performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. In combination with the water chamber and means for heating the water
therein, the inclined bottom for the chamber and the blow-off pipe situated at or near
the lowest side of the chamber substantially as and for the purpose described.
Second. In combination with the base casing having the inclined bottom, the
chamber for the exhaust steam supported within and from such casing, the pipe for
admitting the water from the pump or source of supply to the space within the
casing and the blow-off pipe situated just above the lowest portion of the casing,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Third. The base casing for a water heater and purifier having the incline bottom
plate within it, in combination with the exhaust steam pipe entering the casing and
enlarged within the casing to form an exhaust stean chamber, and means substantially

page_text: as described for supporting such chamber from the sides and bottom of the casing
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Fourth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the water chamber,
the exhaust steam chamber within the same and the series of tubes connected with the
steam chamber and passing up through the water chamber, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
Fifth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the chamber to
which the feed water is admitted from the source of supply, an exhaust steam chamber
situated within the lower portion of the same, the plate forming the top of the exhaust
steam chamber provided with a series of openings, the plate closing the top of the
water chamber provided with a similar series of openings, the series of tubes
connecting the plates having their bores in communication with the spaces beyond the
plates through the openings in the latter, and a suitable outlet pipe from the water
chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Sixth. In combination with the water chamber and the exhaust steam chamber, the
plates closing the tops of the two chambers, provided with corresponding series of
openings, the thimble in such openings, the series of tubes having their opposite ends
expanded into the thimbles in opposite-openings in the two plates and the nuts or
annular caps screwed on the thimbles, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Seventh. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the two head
plates provided with corresponding series of openings, the series of tubes, the thimbles
on the opposite ends of the tubes extending through the corresponding openings in
the head plates, and nuts screwed on thimbles beyond the plates adapted to close the
openings around the thimbles and bear against the plates, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
Eight. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the series of tubes,
the upper head plate to which their upper ends are connected, provided with the
annular crease or corrugation, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Ninth. In combination with casing B, the series of tubes within the same, the lower
head plate within the casing to which the lower ends of the tubes are attached, and the
upper head plate to which the upper ends of the tubes are attached supported at its
edge from the casing and provided with a crease or corrugation, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
Tenth. In a feed water heater and purifier the series of corrugated steam tubes
within the water chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Eleventh. In a feed water heater and purifier the series of spirally corrugated tubos
within the water chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Twelfth. The tube for a water heater and purifier made spirally corrugated
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Thirteenth. In combination with the water chamber and the head plate closing the
top thereof provided with a series of openings the exhaust steam chamber in the lower
portion of the water chamber, the lower plate closing the top of such steam chamber
also provided with a series of openings and the corrugated tubes fastened at their
opposite ends to the head plates and communicating with the spaces beyond such
plates through the openings in the latter, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Fourteenth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with a suitable
casing, means substantially as described for throwing the water into the chamber
within the casing in a finely divided shower and a pipe adapted to direct a jet of
steam against such shower, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Fifteenth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with a rose adapted
to throw the water in a finely divided shower within a suitable chamber means
substantially as described for directing a jet of steam across such shower, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
Sixteenth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the exhaust
steam heater and purifier apparatus and the outlet pipe from the water chamber
thereof, a rose discharging into a suitable chamber and means for directing a jet or

page_text: stream of live steam across the shower of water issuing from the rose, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Seventeenth. In combination with an exhaust steam feed water heating and
purifying apparatus, the pipe receiving and conducting the water therefrom, a suitable
chamber into which the pipe extends, a rose on the end of the pipe within the chamber
and a pipe from a source of supply of live steam adapted to direct a jet of steam into
the chaniber across the shower of water issuing from the rose substantially as and for
the purpose described.
Eighteenth. In combination with the chamber having the inclined bottom, the rose
in the upper portion thereof adapted to throw the water down within the chamber in
a fine shower, a steam pipe adapted to direct a jet of steam across the shower from the
rose, a pipe to draw off the heated water from the chamber, and a blow off pipe at the
lowest side of the chamber bottom, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Nineteenth. In combination with a suitable chamber, the shell within the same, a
rose adapted to throw the water in a finely divided shower within the upper end of the
shell, a pipe extending through the chamber casing into the shell adapted to direct a
jet of live steam across the shower of water falling from the rose therein, and the
outlet pipe from the chamber situated above the level of the lower edge of the shell
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Twentieth. In combination with the chamber having an inclined bottom and a blow
off pipe situated at the lowest part of the chamber, the shell within the chamber, the
rose situated within the upper end of the shell, the live steam pipe entering the shell
at a point below the rose and the outlet pipe from the chamber situated below the
live steam pipe, but above the level of the lower edge of the shell substantially as and
for the purpose described.
Twenty-first. In a feed water heater and purifier the horizontal funnel adapted to
collect the scum and foam from the surface of the water in the chamber thereof, the
pipe connected with the outer smaller end of the funnel extended upward, and the
receiving chamber surrounding the upright portion of the pipe, provided at its lower
end with a blow-off pipe substantially as and for the purpose described.
Twenty-second. In combination with the chamber, the shell within the same, the
rose adapted to discharge a shower of water within the upper end of the shell, a steam
pipe adapted to direct a jet of steam into the shell below the rose, the outlet pipe from
the chamber connected with the space outside of the shell at a point above the lower
edge of the latter, the horizontal funnel within the shell at the same height as the
outlet pipe from the chamber and a pipe connected with the smaller and outer end of
the funnel for carrying off the scum and foam collected by the funnel substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Twenty-third. In a feed water heater and purifier the tubes K K in combination with
the thimbles M, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Twenty-fourth. In a feed water beater and purifier the modification shown and
illustrated in fig. 14, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-fifth. In a feed water heater and purifier the modification shown and
illustrated in fig. 11 substantially as set forth.
Twenty-sixth. In a feed water heater and purifier the modification shown in
modification of fig. 12, substantially as set forth.

page_text: Feed Water Heater and Purifier.
I THOMAS FREDERICK VEASEY 76 Finsbury Pavement E.C. Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings which were filed with
the provisional specification for this patent, in which :-
Figure 1 shows a view in side elevation of my heater and purifier.
Figure 2, a vertical central section of the same in a plane from front to rear.
Figure 3, a similar section of the same in a plane at right angles to that of the
section in Fig. 2.
Figure 4 a horizontal section of my apparatus on line x, x, of Fig. 2.
Figure 5 a similar section of the same on line y, y, of Fig. 2.
Figure a similar section on line 2, 2, of Fig. 2.
Figure 7 a detail sectional view showing the construction of the upper head plate
near its outer edge, the means and manner of fastening the upper ends of the tubes to
such plate and a portion of one of the tubes.
Figure 8 a detail sectional view showing the means and manner of fastening the
lower ends of the tubes in the bottom plate.
Figure 9 a detail plan view of one of the tube caps.
Figure 10 a detail sectional view of a modified form of a portion of the apparatus
showing the construction where plain tubes are used.
Figure 11 is a sectional elevation of a modification.
Figure 12 is a sectional view showing another modification.
Figure 13 is a detached view of the thimbles and tubes: and
Figure 14 shows another modification of my improved heater and purifier.
Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each of the figures.
The object of my invention is to provide an improved apparatus for heating and
purifying feed water for boilers, and to this end
It consists in the feed water heater and purifier and in the construction,
arrangement and combination of the parts thereof, as hereinafter specified.
To precipitate all the impurities in feed water, such as the earthy carbonates,
sulphates, silicates, &c. it is often not sufficient to heat tho water from the exhaust
steam alone applied in any of the various ways heretofore used. The water cannot be
heated hot enough by exhaust steam to make the precipitation of impurities thorough
and complete.
In my apparatus, therefore, the water before it goes to the boiler is subjected to the
action of live steam from the boiler in such a way that it is heated very hot and all the
impurities in it are precipitated.
By my apparatus as will be described, the sediment is automatically collected where
it can be blown off as desired.

page_text: In the drawings the casing of my apparatus is shown as consisting of the base or
bottom portion A, having its upper portion cylindrical, and its lower part flaring, the
cylinder B, attached to the top of this base, the middle cylindrical portion C, fastened
to the top of part B, the cylinder D, on top of and fastened to the middle portion C,
and the dome cap E, on top of cylinder D.
The cylinder B, at the top and bottom is curved inward as shown in drawing. The
curvature commences from the point of attachment to base A and cylinder C. The
outside of this cylinder B is covered with any well known non-conducting substance.
An outer casing B2, is placed over and around the non-conducting substance and
can be fastened to the cylinder B, or to the cylinder C, and base A.
The object of curving the cylinder B inward as shown, is to allow said cylinder to
expand and contract.
The curving of the cylinder at the bottom also forms a space between the said
cylinder and the base to allow the water and sediment to pass from one to the other.
The base A, and middle portion C, forming the connection between the upper and
lower cylinders B, and D, I preferably make of cast iron while said cylinders are by
.preference made of the best boiler iron.
The base is flanged as shown around its upper edge at a, and to such flange is bolted
the flanged ring b, on the lower end of cylinder B.
The lower and upper ends of the connecting portion C, of the casing are provided
with flanges c, c, to which are bolted flanged rings, and d, on the upper end of
cylinder B, and the lower end of cylinder D, respectively.
The dome cap E, is around its edge provided with a downwardly extending flange e,
which fits within and is bolted to the upper end of the cylinder D.
The cylinder D, and dome E is covered with a non-conducting substance as shown
in illustration.
E, is a manhole placed in the dome E, another manhole C, is placed in the top
part of cylinder C.
I do not, of course, intend to limit myself to the means shown for fastening the
parts of the casing together. Any other of the well known means in use for analogous
purposes can be used as desired.
Within the base A, and cast in one peice therewith is the inclined plate A', forming
the bottom of the chamber A2 in the base.
Also cast in one peice with the base is the pipe A³, for the exhaust steam from the
engine.
The outer end of this pipe is flanged as shown for proper connection with the pipe
or pipes conducting the exhaust steam.
Within the chamber A², in the base, the pipe A³, turns upward and is enlarged as
shown best in fig. 2, so as to leave only a narrow annular space around its upper
portion between it and the casing.
It is supported from the sides of the base A, by the radial arms or connecting peices
a, a', and from the bottom plate A¹, of chamber A², by one or more uprights a².
Upon the upper flanged end of this pipe is fastened a plate F, provided with a
number of openings f,ff.
Through the base casing, the blow-off pipe G, provided with a suitable stop-cock g,
is tapped into the chamber A2, at the bottom of its lowest side.
Into said chamber on the opposite side near its top opens the cold water pipe G',
from the water supply pump.
Clamped and held at its edges between the flanged ring , on the upper end of
cylinder B, and the flange e, on the middle connecting portion C, of the casing is the
plate H, provided with a series of holes h, h, h, corresponding and in line with those
in plate F.
The plate H, is preferably formed with the annular corrugation or crease ', outside
of or surrounding the series of holes for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth.
Open ended thimbles or short tubes I, I, are situated in and extend through the
openings in both the plates.

page_text: The upper end of the lower thimbles and lower ends of the upper thimbles are
contracted or provided with internal annular flanges i, i, forming shoulders.
Into the contracted ends of opposite thimbles are expanded the opposite ends of the
tubes K, K, K.
Upon the outer end of each thimble beyond the plate through which the thimble.
extends is screwed an annular cap or nut I', extending beyond the edge of the opening
in the plate so as to bear against the outer side of the plate.
The tubes K, K, may be expanded into auxiliary thimbles K², (see fig. 13), placed
on both ends of the sail tubes. These thimbles are expanded into the plates H & F.
By doing this I do away with the nut I spoke of heretofore. The thimbles should be
made of the same material as the tubes. By doing this the corrosive action that takes
place at the ends of the tubes is transferred to the thimbles. A saving of the whole
tubes is effected thereby, as the thimbles can he easily replaced when destroyed.
Thimbles enable the tubes to be used continuously by slightly increasing the length
of said thimbles at each successive removal. In removing tubes the ends are
damaged and shortened and it is chiefly to allow these tubes to be used in the same.
position in the said condenser or heater continuously that these thimbles are utilized.
On its inner or bearing side each cap or nut is preferably provided with a gasket i,
held as shown in a groove i, in the nut and adapted when the nut is screwed in on
the thimble against the plate to make a tight joint.
When the nuts on the thimbles on the opposite ends of each tube are screwed so as
to bear firmly against the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower plates H & F,
respectively, the tube will then be held most firmly in place with its ends open to and
in communication with the space within the enlarged upper end of the exhaust steam
pipe and with the space within connection peice C, above plate H.
With the tubes thus fastened to plates F & H, tight joints are made, so that there is
no communication between the space within the cylinder B, surrounding the series of
tubes and either the exhaust pipe or connection C.
The water flowing into the chamber A, in the base through pipe G¹, can pass up
freely around the upper, the exhaust steam pipe, and around and among the series of
parallel tubes K, K, K, and out through the outlet pipe B', tapped into the cylinder B,
near its top as shown.
This pipe is as shown provided with two branches, one, B, extending downward,
and the other B³, upward, each one being provided with a valve or stop-cock .
The middle or connecting casing portion C, is provided within with an inclined
transverse partition C, inclined downward to the side opposite to the hottom of
chamber A, within the base A.
This plate or partition divides the space within the casing section C, into the upper
and lower chambers (2, (3.
With the latter chamber, the upper ends of the tubes K, K, K, connect and from
such chamber at its larger side extends the pipe L for conducting away the exhaust
steam after it has passed up through the tubes K, K, K.
From the lowest portion of the upper chamber ( opens the blow off pipe L',
supplied with a suitable stop cock /'.
The connecting casing section C, is as shown provided with a hand hole C, opening.
into the upper chamber (, and provided with a stop plate and fastening of the.
ordinary and well known form.
Within the cylinder D, is the iron shell H, concentric with the cylinder and
supported therefrom by inverted U-shaped lugs m, m, attached to the outer side of the
shell near its top.
If desired, instead of separate lugs on the shell, a flanged ring, an inverted Ụ in
cross section, can, of course, be used provided with any desired number of openings
to allow of free communication between the lower and upper portions of the annular
space between the shell and casing D.
To the inner face of the cylinder casing are attached the plates m³, m¹, having their
upper portions bent out and up so as to stand parallel with the casing.
The outer legs of the lugs on the shell M, are received and held between the upper

page_text: ends of the plates and the casing, and are supported on the shoulders formed by the
bends in the plate.
The lower end of shell M, stands above the top of the central portion C, of the
casing and its top extends nearly up to the dome cap E.
Down through the top of such cap extends the pipe N, carrying on its lower end
just within the top of the shell M, the rose N', preferably copper faced, adapted to
throw water flowing through pipe N, down in a finely divided shower, well spread out
within the shell M.
Extending through the casing D, and into the shell below such rose is the pipe 0,
for conducting live steam from the steam drum of the boiler into the interior of the
shell.
The steam flowing in through such pipe strikes across the shower of water from the
rose N¹.
At some distance below this live steam pipe is the outlet pipe P, communicating
with the space between the casing D, and shell M.
A water guage R, is also provided communicating with such space so as to show the
height of the water in the space.
Through the side of the casing D, diametrically opposite to pipe P, and at the same
height is tapped a pipe s, extending into the shell M, and bearing on its inner end
within the shell the horizontal funnel S', with its mouth or larger end about the middle
of the interior of the shell.
The outer end of pipes, is turned up vertically and carried well up towards the top
of the casing D.
Attached to the casing around the pipo S, is the tubular arm T, carrying on its
outer end the upright short cylinder T', enclosing the bend in pipe s, and a portion of
the upright end of such pipe.
To the upper end of cylinder T', is attached a safety valve U¹.
From the lower ends of the supporting cylinder T, extends the blow off pipe T,
provided with a stop valve t2, and connected at its lower end with the blow off pipe
from chamber A².
The pipe B³, extending upward from the water outlet pipe B', from cylinder B,
connects as shown with the pipe N, and rose N¹.
The operation of my apparatus is as follows:-
Cold water flows from the pump into chamber A2, in the base where it strikes the
exhaust pipe and becoming warm therefrom deposits a portion of its impurities in the
form of sediment which falls down to the lowest side of the chamber where it collects
and from whence it can be blown off, as desired, through the pipe G.
The water passes from chamber A², up around and among the tubes K, K, K, where
it is still more thoroughly heated by the exhaust steam passing up through them.
As the temperature of the water is thus increased, more of the impurities are
precipitated and fall down as sediment into the chamber A2, where they are collected
along with the sediment first deposited, as described to be blown off through pipe G.,
As already set forth, the exhaust steam from the engine enters the exhaust pipe A³,
passes up through tubes K, K, into chamber C³, and out through the discharge
pipe L.
The water within the casing B, after passing up around and among tubes K, K, and
being heated therefrom passes out through pipe B'.
Where the water as supplied from the pump is not very foul, it may be sufficiently
purified by the heating which it receives from the exhaust steam applied as described
above and the consequent precipitation of its slight impurities, and can then be
conducted to the boiler directly from outlet pipe B¹, by means of pipe B2. But where
the water is very impure and foul or where it is desired to make it as pure as possible
sufficient heat cannot be obtained and imparted to the water from exhaust steam to
precipitate all the impurities.
For such complete and thorough precipitation a much higher degree of heat is
necessary.
I therefore conduct the water from the outlet pipo B¹, through pipe B², and

page_text: connecting pipes upward and discharge it down through the rose N, in a ninety
divided shower within the shell M.
The live steam flowing in through pipe 0. strikes across this shower and being thus
brought into intimate contact with every particle of the water, heats the water very
hot and causes all the impurities therein to be precipitated therefrom and deposited
upon the inclined bottom of chamber where in the forin of sediment they fall down to
and are collected at the lowest part of the chamber.
From that point they can be blown off through pipe L', when desired.
Where there are salts and light substances in the water, scum and foam is formed
on the top of the water when heated. Such foam and scum as is well known interferes
with the proper indications of the water and steam guages and the scumn gets between
the valves and their seats and when it gets into the steam pipes and engine, causes
great damage.
The scum or foam which may form on the surface of the water within the shell M,
cannot get into the outlet pipe P, on account of the shell extending down considerably
below the surface of the water within the shell and cylinder casing D.
To reach the pipe, the scum or foam would have to pass down under the lower edge
of the shell and then up again outside of the shell.
This it obviously cannot do while the level of the water is above the lower end of
the shell.
As the level of the water within the shell and within the space around the shell
must be substantially the same as they are in communication the water gauge R, will
show always whether there is enough water within the shell.
The scum and foam retained within the shell as described and floating on the
surface of the water therein is collected within the mouth of the horizontal funnel S¹,
passed out through the pipe at the outer small end of the funnel and thence upward
and out at the top of the pipe within the scum and foam receiving chamber.
It then falls down into the upright tubular continuation T, at the bottom of the
chamber from which it can be blown off through the blow off pipe T.
The safety valve U', at the top of chamber prevents an undue amount of, pressure in
such chamber.
As the outlet pipe for the purified and heated water from the cylinder D, is the same
height as the discharge end of the funnel, the level of the water within the cylinder
and the shell M, will be normally maintained at the right level for the proper action of
the funnel in removing the scum and foam from the top of the water in said shell.
The tubes K, K, are preferably made of copper or brass corrugated spirally as
shown in the drawings.
Being corrugated, they are stronger than plain tubes and so can be made thinner
so as to transmit heat more readily through their walls.
Another advantage is that they can expand and contract without bringing undue
strain on the head plates F, H.
Auy tube can be unfastened and drawn out for removal or repair upon unscrewing
of the nut or annular cap on the thimble on one of its ends.
The annular crease or corrugation in the top plate will allow a springing or bending
of the plate without injury if the tubes should expand or contract in length so that if
desired plain tubes can be used as shown in Fig. 10, expanded at their ends directly
into the openings in the head plates.
Instead of spirally corrugated tubes, annularly corrugated ones can obviously be
used without departing from my invention.
Where the tubes are corrugated, the ends are left plain as shown.
The pipes U, tapped into the casing B, above the outlet pipe B', is for the purpose
of admitting live steam when desired into the casing B, to still further heat the water
therein and so supplementing the heating and purifying action of the exhaust steam.
Each annular cap or nut I', I', is formed with radial ribs,,, or an angular.
portion so that a key can be readily used to unscrew them.
As the exhaust steam after issuing from the upper ends of the tubes K, K, strikes
against and passes along under the inclined bottoni of the upper water chamber, it aids

page_text: somewhat in maintaining the heat of the water in such chamber by keeping the
chamber bottom warm.
In fig. 11, is shown the construction of the purifier, without the extra purifying
apparatus placed on and above the cylinder C. In this case the exhaust opening is
placed in cylinder C, and the said cylinder is domed over as shown in the illustration.
On the top of the dome is a scum collector P4, connected by a tube to the cylinder B,
through the plate H.
This scum collector P', is provided with an outlet pipe having a cock or valve which
is connected with the main blow off pipe for sediment.
This modification can be made as shown in fig. 1, with non-conducting casing or
with the annular space as shown in figure 14.
Fig. 12, shows another modification of my improved purifier, consisting of the
cylinder C, and D, with dome, and all the appliances shown in fig. 2, supported inde-
pendently by legs or base. In this case the blow off pipe is underneath.
The modification shown in figs. 11, and 14, set forth and show the means of the lower.
part of the purifier working independently of the upper part, and vice versa, or
combined in figs. 1 and 12.
Fig. 14, in showing a modification does not differ greatly from the principle of my
invention already described. All the parts are adhered to with the exception that
cylinder B, is at the upper end, fastened to the plate H, and the outer casing is
fastened to the cylinder C. By doing this a'space B, is formed round the cylinder B,
which has a connection with the exhaust chamber in C, through an annular passage.
In this case the exhaust outlet is placed at the lower part of the cylinder B, at b.
The object of this is to obtain a greater heating surface for the cylinder B containing
the feed water.
Having thus described my invention what I claim is :-
First. In combination with the water chamber and means for heating the water
therein, the inclined bottom for the chamber and the blow off pipe situated at or near
the lowest side of the chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Second. In combination with the base having the inclined bottom, the chamber for
the exhaust steam supported within and from such casing, the pipe for admitting the
water from the pump or source of supply to the space within the casing, and the blow
off pipe situated just above the lowest portion of the casing, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
Third. The base casing for a water heater and purifier having the inclined bottom
plate within it, in combination with the exhaust steam pipe entering the casing and
enlarged within the casing to form an exhaust steam chamber, and means substantially
as described for supporting such chamber from the sides and bottom of the casing
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Fourth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the water chamber,
the exhaust steam chamber within the same and the series of tubes connected with the
steam chamber and passing up through the water chamber, substantially as and for the
purpose described.
Fifth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the chamber to which
the feed water is admitted from the source of supply, an exhaust steam chamber
situated within the lower portion of the same, the plate forming the top of the exhaust
steam chamber provided with a series of openings, the plate closing the top of the
water chamber provided with a similar series of openings the series of tubes
connecting the plates having their hores in communication with the spaces beyond the
plates through the openings in the latter, and a suitable outlet pipe from the water
chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Sixth. In combination with the water chamber and the exhaust steam chainber,
the plates closing the tops of the two chambers provided with corresponding series of
openings the thimble in such openings, the series of tubes having their opposite ends
expanded into the thimbles in opposite openings in the two plates and the nuts or
annular caps screwel on the thimbles, substantially as and for the purpose described.

page_text: Seventh. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the two head
plates provided with corresponding series of openings, the series of tubes, the thimbles
on the opposite ends of the tubes extending through the corresponding openings in the
head plates, and nuts screwed on thimbles beyond the plates adapted to close the
openings around the thimbles and bear against the plates, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
:
Eighth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the series of tubes,
the upper head plate to which their upper ends are connected, provided with the
annular crease or corrugation, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Ninth. In combination with the casing B, the series of tubes within the same, the
lower head plate within the casing to which the lower ends of the tubes are attached, and
the upper head plate to which the upper ends of the tubes are attached supported at its
edge from the casing and provided with a crease or corrugation substantially as and
for the purpose described.
Tenth. In a feed water heater and purifier the series of corrugated steam tubes
within the water chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Eleventh. In a feed water heater and purifier, the series of spirally corrugated
tubes within the water chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Twelfth. The tube for a water heater, and purifier made spirally corrugated,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Thirteenth. In combination with the water chamber and the head plate closing the
top thereof provided with a series of openings, the exhaust steam chamber in the
lower portion of the water chamber, the lower plate closing the top of such steam
chamber also provided with a series of openings and the corrugated tubes fastened at
their opposite ends to the head plates and communicating with the spaces beyond such
plates through the openings in the latter, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Fourteenth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with a suitable casing,
means substantially as described for throwing the water into the chamber within the
easing in a finely divided shower, and a pipe adapted to direct a jet of steam against
such shower, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Fifteenth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with a rose adapted to
throw the water in a finely divided shower within a suitable chamber, means sub-
stantially as described for directing a jet of steam across such shower, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Sixteenth. In a feed water heater and purifier in combination with the exhaust
steam heater and purifier apparatus and the outlet pipe from the water chamber
thereof, a rose discharging into a suitable chamber and means for directing a jet or
stream of live steam across the shower of water issuing from the rose, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Seventeenth. In combination with an exhaust steam feed water heating and
purifying apparatus, the pipe receiving and conducting the water therefrom, a suitable
chamber into which the pipe extends, a rose on the end of the pipe within the chamber,
and a pipe from a source of supply of live steam adapted to direct a jet of steam into
the chamber across the shower of water issuing from the rose, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
Eighteenth. In combination with the chamber having the inclined bottom, the rose
in the upper portion thereof adapted to throw the water down within the chamber in
a fine shower, a steam pipe adapted to direct a jet of steam across the shower from the
rose, a pipe to draw off the heated water from the chamber and a blow off pipe at the
lowest side of the chamber bottom, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Nineteenth. In combination with a suitable chamber, the shell within the same a
rose adapted to throw the water in a finely divided shower within the upper end of the
shell, a pipe extending through the chamber casing into the shell, adapted to direct a
jet of live steam across the shower of water falling from the rose therein, and the
outlet pipe from the chamber situated above the level of the lower edge of the shell,
substantially as and for the purpose described.

page_text: Twentieth. In combination with the chamber having an inclined bottom and a
blow off pipe situated at the lowest part of the chamber, the shell within the chamber,
the rose situated within the upper end of the shell, the live steam pipe entering the
shell at a point below the rose and the outlet pipe from the chamber situated below the
live steam pipe, but above the level of the lower edge of the shell, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
Twenty-first. In a feed water heater and purifier, the horizontal funnel adapted to
collect the scum and foam from the surface of the water in the chamber thereof,
the pipe connected with the outer smaller end of the funnel extended upward, and the
receiving chamber surrounding the upright portion of the pipe provided at its lower
end with a blow off pipe, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Twenty-second. In combination with the chamber, the shell within the same, the
rose adapted to discharge a shower of water within the upper end of the shell, a steam
pipe adapted to direct a jet of steam into the shell below the rose, the outlet pipe from
the chamber connected with the space outside of the shell at a point above the lower
edge of the latter, the horizontal funnel within the shell at the same height as the
outlet pipe from the chamber, and a pipe connected with the smaller and outer end of
the funnel for carrying off the scum and foam collected by the funnel, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Twenty-third. In a feed water heater and purifier, the tubes K, K, in combination
with the thimbles M, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Twenty-fourth. In a feed water and purifier, the modification shown and illustrated
in fig. 14, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-fifth. In a feed water heater and purifier, the modification shown and
illustrated in fig. 11, substantially as set forth.
Twenty-sixth. In a feed water heater and purifier the modification shown in
modification of fig. 12, substantially as set forth.