Improvements in Valves for Air Compressors and the like, Applicable also to Motors.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Oct., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 13th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 31st Aug., 1888
Improvements in Valves for Air Compressors and the like,
Applicable also to Motors.
I RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS of 17 Park Road New Cross in the County of
Kent Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of valves of
the mushroom type and is particularly adapted for running at a high speed, there
being but a very small motion or lift of the valve but at the same time giving a
sufficient opening for freely admitting an adequate supply of air or steam to the
piston.
In order that my invention may be well understood there will now be described
the mode of constructing and attaching this improved valve to cylinders for
compressing and expanding air for refrigerating purposes and it will be seen
that with slight modifications the valve may be used for steam or other fluid.
The cylinder mounted on a suitable bed-plate is fitted with a piston, piston rod, and
the usual connections and each of the heads of the cylinder will be bored so as to form
a valve seating nearly the same size as the bore of the cylinder. A mushroom valve
is fitted to this seating and this is used in the case of the air compressor as the intake
valve and opens into the cylinder.
In the centre of this intake valve is placed a smaller valve opening outwards and thus
during the stroke of the piston, air is drawn in through the first mentioned valve and
forced outwards through the second.
The second or outlet valve works in a chamber upon the back of the first one and
the said chamber is prolonged and forms a cylindrical stalk which works in a tubular
guide on the cylinder head proper. The upper end of this tubular guide is divided
into two branches set opposite to one another and these are connected by elastic tubes
to a corresponding pair of branches of the pipe which conducts the compressed air to
where it is to be used.
It will be seen that the inlet valve with the outlet valve inside it are together free
to work in the same direction as the piston rod following the movements of the piston

page_text: as it travels to and fro in the cylinder. The piston rod is led through the centre of
the outlet valve and leakage of air around it is stopped by a stuffing box and gland,
another stuffing box and gland is provided to prevent leakage where the rod passes
through the end of the tubular guide on the inlet valve and it may be remarked that
the friction of these glands on the rod aids to a considerable extent the action of the
two valves, since the direction of the travel of the piston rod is the same as that in
which each of the valves ought to move at all parts of the stroke. For example let
us suppose that the piston is at one end of the cylinder then by the time it has
travelled about 16 of an inch, the inlet valve has been moved the same distance and
owing to its large circumference this is sufficient to admit air freely into the cylinder.
The valve is prevented by a stop from opening any wider, and is kept open by the
friction of the piston rod until the half stroke is complete, when the motion of the
rod being changed, the valve is closed, and then the same friction on the gland of
the smaller outlet or delivery valve opens it and keeps it open until the stroke is
completed. The valves thus do not depend on the draw and thrust of the air which
is being dealt with, but are opened and closed with a means to a great extent as
positive as would be supplied by cams or eccentrics as is usually done. The air being
compressed to a considerable extent before it leaves the cylinder, the outlet valve may
always be the smaller of the two as compressed air will require less port-area than air
which has not been compressed. The relative sizes of the valves may be varied in
accordance with the amount of compression required. When the valves are fitted to
a cylinder where a driving fluid pressure is used they must be modified so as to be
capable of being worked by eccentrics or cams in the usual way as will be easily
understood.

page_text: хиргоѵешены 111 Valves
Air Compressors ада the пке,
Applicable also to Motors.
I, RICHARD RUSSELL GUBBINS, of 17 Park Road, New Cross, in the County of
Kent, "Engineer" do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved construction and arrangement of valves of
the mushroom type and is particularly adapted for running at a high speed,
there being but a very small motion or lift of the valve but at the same time giving
a sufficient opening for freely admitting an adequate supply of air or steam to the
piston.
In order that my invention may be well understood there will now be described the
mode of constructing and attaching this improved valve to cylinders for compressing
and expanding air for refrigerating purposes and it will be seen that with slight
modifications they may be used for steam or other fluid.
The cylinder mounted on a suitable bed-plate is fitted with a piston, piston rod, and
the usual connections and each of the heads of the cylinder will be bored so as to
form a valve seating nearly the same size as the bore of the cylinder.
A mushroom valve is fitted to this seating and this is used in the case of the air
compressor as the intake valve, and opens into the cylinder.
In the centre of this intake valve is placed a smaller valve opening outwards and
thus during the stroke of the piston, air is drawn in through the first mentioned valve
and forced outwards through the second.
The second or outlet valve works in a chamber upon the back of the first one, which
is connected by elastic tubes to a corresponding pair of branches of the pipe which
conducts the compressed air to where it is to be used.
It will be seen that the inlet valve with the outlet valve inside it are together free to
work in the same direction as the piston rod following the movements of the piston as
it travels to and fro in the cylinder.
The piston rod is led through the centre of the outlet valve and leakage of air
around it, is stopped by a stuffing box and gland; another stuffing box and gland is
provided to prevent leakage where the rod passes through the end of the intake valvo
and it may be remarked that the friction of these glands on the rod aids to a
considerable extent the action of the two valves since the direction of the travel of the
piston rod is the same as that in which each of the valves ought to move at all points
of the stroke.
For example let it be supposed that the piston is at one end of the cylinder, then by
the time it has travelled about 16 of an inch, the inlet valve has been moved the same
distance and owing to its large circumference this is sufficient to admit air freely
into the cylinder. The valve is prevented by a stop from opening any wider, and is
kept open by the friction of the piston rod until the half stroke is complete, when the
motion of the rod being changed, the valve is closed, and then the same friction on
the gland of the smaller outlet or delivery valve opens it and keeps it open until the
stroke is completed.

page_text: The valves thus do not depend on the draw and thrust of the air which is being dealt
with, but are opened and closed with a means to a great extent as positive as would be
supplied by cams or eccentrics as is usually done.
The air being compressed to a considerable extent before it leaves the cylinder, the
outlet valve may always be the smaller of the two as compressed air will require less 5
port-area than air which has not been compressed.
The relative sizes of the valves may be varied in accordance with the amount of
compression required.
When the valves are fitted to a cylinder where a driving fluid pressure is used
as in a steam engine they must be modified so as to be capable of being worked by 1
eccentrics or cains in the usual way as will be easily understood.
And in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood, I now proceed to
describe the accompanying drawings thereof, reference being had to letters and figures
marked thereon.
Figure 1, represents the top view of the machine, with the cylinder marked A, and
the cylinder piston rod, marked B, the india rubber tubes C, the gun metal tubes D,
connecting rod E, the crank shaft F, with the compressed air cylinders marked G,
and the crank shaft bearings H, and the steam supply pipe connection I, the slide
bearings J, and the slide gear K, this figure is broken off in two places on purpose to
place the sketch in the prescribed dimensions.
Figure 2, denotes the side view of figure 1.
Figure 3, is a section of the cylinder A.
Figure 4, represents one half in elevation and the other half in section of the
cylinder, with the intake valve marked M, and the outlet valve L, and the stuffing
box outlet N, with the stuffing box intake O, and brass tubes P, and the gun metal
tubes Q.
Figure 5, is a section of one end of the compressed air cylinders.
Figure 6, represents the cylindrical end marked A, of the machine.
Figure 7, is the crank shaft end of figure 1.
Like letters refer to like parts in each of the figures. A, cylinder. B, cylinder
piston rod.
C, india rubber tubes. D, gun metal tubes. E connecting rod.
F, crank shaft. G compressed air cylinders. H crank shaft bearings. I steam
supply pipe connection. J slide bearings. K slide gear. L outlet valve. M intake
0 stuffing box intake.
valve. N stuffing box outlet.
metal tubes.
P brass tubes.
Q gun
Having now fully described the nature and object of my invention and tho
manner in which the same is to be performed, I claim as new and novel the
following:-
-
First The combination of valves for air compressors constructed and arranged
with valves of the mushroom type, adapted for running at a high speed, there being
but a very small motion or lift of the valve, but at the same time giving a sufficient
opening for freely admitting an adequate supply of air or steam to the piston,
substantially herein described and according to the accompanying drawings.
Secondly: The combination of the valves to cylinders for compressing and expanding
air for refrigerating purposes, or with a slight modification they may be used for
steam or other fluid, substantially herein described and according to the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 13th day of July 1888.