Improvements in Breaking or Beating Engines for Grinding or Beating Pulp.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Lefr, 13th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 19th May,
1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breaking or Beating Engines for Grinding or
Beating Pulp.
I, JAMES PORTEUS CORNETT of Claxheugh near Sunderland in the County
of Durham, Paper Mill Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to Improvements in Breaking or Beating Engines for
Grinding or Beating Pulp, and as will be understood my improvements are
applicable to potchers breakers bleaching rag and beating engines of every
description containing "Hollander" rolls.
As usually constructed these engines are most wasteful of power inasmuch as
a very large percentage of the power applied is absorbed in propelling the pulp the
remainder being applied in effecting its intended purpose of grinding breaking.
beating or reducing.
As usually constructed the bars and roll are greatly impeded by the weight or
"backlash" of the pulp on the "backfall" side of the roll and a considerable
quantity of pulp is not infrequently carried over the roll whereby power is
unnecessarily absorbed.
My object is to confine as much as may be the power imparted to the roll to its
normal function of breaking beating grinding or otherwise reducing the pulp and
to perform the necessary traversing of the pulp in the vat as much as may be
independently of the roll at the same time increasing the capacity of the engine
whereby great economy in power and in wear and tear of the roll and machinery
may be effected.
To effect this purpose I propose to construct an outlet for the pulp just clear of
the plate so that the roll in its revolution will not be impeded as above described
by "backlash" or lifting of the pulp. The outlet aforesaid may be connected to a
pipe or conduit leading to a centrifugal or other pump driven by preference by
belting from the roll spindle and the delivery from the pump or engine may then
be carried upwards to a sufficient height to deliver into the vat at the requisite
level.
The vat may in this manner be made of any requisite height or depth thus
increasing if need be the capacity of the engine to any required extent and the
increased head thus acquired aids in effecting the swirling or circulation of
the pulp.
The "backfall" may be carried up more or less parallel with the roll and be
connected to the roll cover or casing.
Dated this 15th day of January 1894.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breaking or Beating Engines for Grinding or
Beating Pulp.
I, JAMES PORTEUS CORNETT of Claxheugh near Sunderland in the County
of Durham, Paper Mill Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what mauner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to Improvements in Breaking or Beating Engines for
Grinding or Beating Pulp and as will be understood my improvements are
applicable to potchers breakers bleaching washing rag and beating engines of every
description containing "Hollander" rolls.
As usually constructed these engines are most wasteful of power inasmuch as
a very large percentage of the power applied is absorbed in propelling the pulp the
remainder being applied in effecting its intended purpose of grinding breaking
beating or reducing.
As usually constructed the bars and roll are greatly impeded by the weight or
"backlash" of the pulp on the "backfall" side of the roll and a considerable
quantity of pulp is not infrequently carried over the roll whereby power is
unnecessarily absorbed.
My object is to confine as much as may be the power imparted to the roll to its
normal function of breaking beating grinding or otherwise reducing the pulp and
to perform the necessary traversing of the pulp in the rat as much as may be
independently of the roll at the same time increasing the capacity of the engine
whereby great economy in power and in wear and tear of the roll and machinery
may be effected.
"
To effect this purpose I propose to construct an outlet for the pulp just clear of
the plate so that the roll in its revolution will not be impeded as above described
by "backlash or lifting of the pulp. The outlet aforesaid may be connected to a
pipe or conduit leading to a centrifugal or other pump driven by preference by
belting from the roll spindle and the delivery from the pump or engine may then
be carried upwards to a sufficient height to deliver into the vat at the required
level.
The vat may in this manner be made of any requisite height or depth thus
increasing if need be the capacity of the engine to any required extent and the
increased head thus acquired aids in effecting the swirling or circulation of the
pulp.
The "backfall" may be carried up more or less parallel with the roll and be
connected to the roll cover or casing.
I will fully describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figure 1 shows a plan view Figure 2 being a side elevational view partly in
sectional elevation;
Figure 3 shows an end view hereinafter described and in the following description
like marks of reference designate like parts.
Referring to the drawings a is the roll, a¹ the plate, a² the roll spindle, a³ the
vat, a' the mid feather, as the front fall leading to the plate and 6 is the backfall.
It will be observed that just clear of the plate on the backfall side I construct
an outlet 7 in the backfall for the pulp. This outlet is connected to a pipe or
conduit 8 which leads ri pipe 8 to a centrifugal or other pump or elevator 9
driven by preference by belting 10 from the roll spindle, P, P¹ being pulleys on
the roll and pump spindles to take the belting.
The delivery from the pump is then carried upwards through pipe 12 to a.
sufficient height to deliver into the vat at 13.

page_text: Figure 3 shows the form of pipe 8 which I prefer, the bottom of the pipe sloping
from both ends towards the centre, whence the pulp is withdrawn through pipe 8*
as described.
It will also be observed that the backfall is carried up more or less parallel with
the roll as between A to 13 so as to form a continuation, as it were, of roll casing 14
or the roll casing may be carried down to the backfall to produce the same effect.
In working, therefore, the power transmitted to the roll is utilised in grinding or
beating the pulp passing between it and the plate and immediately the pulp has
passed the plate it is led away by the suction of the pump or elevator through
outlet 7 and pipes 8, 8" to the pump or clevator whence it is delivered through
pipe 12 into the vat at 13.
By this arrangement the increased head at which the pulp is delivered into the
vat is utilised to effect the swirling or propulsion of the pulp at an increased
velocity within the vat the sides of which may be heightened as shown at H or as
found desirable.
A splash board shinged at s may be conveniently provided as shown.
As usually constructed the roll bars are built in the roll in groups or clumps in
order to assist the propulsion of the pulp but in the engine described the bars may
be arranged equidistant from one another as the work of propulsion of the pulp is
taken away from the roll and is effected as above described.
I am aware that it is not new to remove from the roll the function of propelling
the pulp and of lifting it over the backfall nor is there any novelty in the use of
pumps centrifugal or otherwise or Archimedean screws, elevators or propellers for
giving motion to the pulp. In all the arrangements hitherto constructed for
effecting the purposes of relieving the roll of the work of propelling and lifting the
pulp, thereby confining it to its normal function of grinding and breaking the pulp,
an entirely new design and construction of vat and engine has been necessary
thereby involving a serious item of cost to those paper-makers who might wish to
adopt the system.
By my invention no new design of vat or engine is necessary as any existing vat
and engine can be easily altered to effect these much desired results at a compara-
tively trifling cost, and in no engine as hitherto designed has the pulp been taken
through an orifice in the backfall as hereinabove described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
.
1. In potchers, washing, breaking, bicaching or benting engines for grinding or
beating pulp, the combination with the backfall of an outlet pipe or conduit
situated in the backfall contiguous to the plate, such outlet pipe leading to a pump
or propelling device which in turn delivers the pulp into the vat at a higher level
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
2. In potchers, washing, breaking bleaching or beating engines for grinding or
beating pulp in which there is combined with the backfall an outlet pipe or conduit
situated in the backfall contiguous to the plate such outlet pipe leading to a pump
or propelling device which in turn delivers the pulp into the vat at a higher level,
constructing the backfall and roll cover so as to be parallel with the roll and to
form, as it were, a continuation of one another substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth.
A. CRAWHALL CHAPMAN,
3, St. Nicholas Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne, Patent Agent.