Improvements in and applicable to Fuel Economisers or Feedwater Heaters.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 5th June, 1897
PRIORAL DI MOITICATION.
Improvements in and applicable to Fuel Economisers or Feedwater
Heaters.
We GEORGE HENRY RICHMOND and JOSEPH CROWTHER both of 5 Derby Street
Moss Side Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Engineers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is the construction of apparatus which shall more
effectively utilize the waste gasses passing away from furnaces than hitherto.
In carrying out our invention we construct a series of vertical pipes or boxes suitably
divided into compartments as desired and through the division plate of each compartment
we depend an internal tube for the purpose hereinafter described and each compartment
is further provided upon one side with a hole or holes to receive the end or ends of a
pipe or pipes and upon the opposite side of the compartment we provide holes to be
closed with covers which holes are designed for the purpose of fixing the horizontal
pipes hereinafter. mentioned in position and also for cleaning the same the vertical pipes
or boxes are further provided with suitable inlets and outlets as required. Between
two of the vertical pipes or boxes and secured into the holes in the compartments
provided for the purpose we mount a series of horizontal pipes and one end of these
horizontal pipes is surrounded with a collar having teeth upon the outer edge for the
purpose of engaging with the teeth upon the collar of the pipe next alongside. These
collars are supported by means of a ring cast upon one side which ring takes into a
recess formed in the vertical pipe or box each pipe is further provided at both ends
with a ring which rings are designed to carry scrapers and one of such rings we cause
to be engaged by a stud projecting from the toothed collar for the purpose of the rings
and scrapers being revolved round the pipe with the toothed collar in such a manner
as to ensure the scraping surface of the scraper always being in contact with the pipe
to be scraped, we further provide a shaft having mounted upon it a pulley and toothed
wheel designed to engage with one of the toothed wheels upon the pipes for the purpose
of driving the scrapers and as the scrapers are so set as to scrape only one way,
reversing motion for the scrapers is not required, we further provide mud chambers
at the bottom of the vertical pipes or boxes, and branches at the top and bottom of the
vertical pipes or boxes for the purpose of connecting the same together as required.
The application and action of this apparatus are as follows;-The vertical pipes or
boxes are to be fixed over the flue from the furnace or furnaces in rows according
to the number of pipes or the area of pipes surface required and the horizontal
pipes will be fixed in position in the holes in the vertical pipes or boxes designed
to receive them and the scrapers will be mounted over the horizontal pipes in such
a manner as to be revolved round the horizontal pipes by means of the toothed
wheels through the shaft herein before described, the whole will then be enclosed
in a casing of brick or other nonconducting material and an opening from and
exit to the flue will be formed provided with dampers in such a manner so as to
allow of the casing being put into communication with the flue as desired.
The inlet to the vertical pipes or boxes will then be coupled up to any suitable
water supply and the outlet led away as desired and the whole apparatus will be
illed with water. It will now be seen that if the fire or fires be lighted and the
lampers so arranged the gasses will be caused to impinge upon the horizontal pipes

page_text: and so part with their heat and the heat will be conducted to the water contained in
the pipes and as the flow of the water is so arranged as to enter the pipes at the
bottom row and so on to the top row the natural upward flow of heated water is at no
time interfered with. The scrapers are intended to be revolved round the pipes during
the time when the gasses are passing over them by means of the shaft and pulley being
driven from any convenient source the internal tubes herein before described are designed
to form a downward current of water in each of the vertical pipes or boxes for the
purpose of carrying ali solid matter into the mud chamber from which it is to be
blown off from time to time as required.
G. H. RICHMOND
J. CROWTHER.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and applicable to Fuel Economisers or Feedwater
Heaters.
We GEORGE HENRY RICHMOND and JOSEPH CROWTHER both of 5 Derby Street
Moss Side Manchester in the County of Lancaster Engineers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is the construction of apparatus which shall more
effectively utilize the waste gasses passing away from furnaces than hitherto and in
order that our invention may be the more readily understood and carried into effect
we have hereunto annexed three sheets of drawings which we will now proceed to
explain with the assistance of the figs. and letters of referance marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation on the line A Fig. 2 is an end view partly in section
and Fig. 3 is a plan view partly in section of our invention and Fig. 4 is an elevation
Fig. 5 an end view and Fig. 6 a plan all partly in section illustrating the application
of the same.
Like letters are used in all views to denote like parts.
B B are vertical pipes or boxes suitably divided into compartments E by the division
plates C which division plates C are so arranged as to have a fall in all directions towards
the internal tube D depending from such plates C for the purpose hereinafter described
each compartment E is further provided upon one side with holes to receive the ends of the
horizontal pipes F and upon the opposite side of the compartment E we provide holes
to be closed with covers which holes are designed for the purpose of fixing the pipes F
in position and also for cleaning the same. The orifices G G are the water inlets the
orifice H is the water outlet and the orifices I are provided for the purpose of blowing
out the sediment from the pipes F and boxes B. The pipes F mounted between the
boxes B are surrounded at both ends with collars J having teeth K upon their outer
edges for the purpose of engaging with the teeth upon the collar of the pipe next
alongside these collars J are supported in a recess formed in the boxes B for the
purpose, each pipe is further provided at both ends with rings L which rings L are
designed to carry the scrapers M supported on such rings L by means of the studs N;
upon one of the teeth K we form a projection O for the purpose of engaging the
scrapers M and always keeping the cutting edge of the scrapers M against the pipes F
we further provide a shaft P having mounted upon it a pulley Q and toothed wheel R
designed to engage with the teeth K upon the pipes F and in this manner we cause
the scraper M to be revolved round the pipes F and so effectually to keep the surface
of the pipes F free from deposit and as the scrapers M are designed to scrape the
pipes in one direction only we are enabled to dispense with the costly reversing

page_text: motion so much in use. We further provide at the bottom of the boxes B mud
chambers S and also branches T and U for the purpose of connecting the same
together in groups as required. The application and action of this apparatus are as
follows, The vertical pipes or boxes B are to be fixed over the flue V from the
furnace or furnaces in rows according to the number of pipes or the area of pipe
surface required and the horizontal pipes F will be fixed in position with the scrapers M
over them in such a manner as to be revolved round the pipes F by means of the
pulley and toothed wheel R the whole will be enclosed in a casing W of brick
or other nonconducting material and an opening from and exit to the flue will be
formed provided with dampers X and Y in such a manner as to compel the gases to
pass over the pipes F as indicated by the arrows. The water inlets G are to be
connected to any suitable water supply and the outlet H led away as desired and
the whole apparatus filled with water. It will now be seen that if a fire or fires
be lighted and the dampers X and Y arranged as illustrated the gasses will be
caused to follow the course marked by the arrows, and so impinge upon the
horizontal pipes F and so part with their heat and the heat will be conducted to
the water contained in the pipes. By this arrangement it will be seen the hottest
gasses are always in contact with the pipes containing the hottest water, and so
sweating of the pipes is avoided. It will be seen by referance to Figs. 1, 2 and 3
that the cold water is arranged to enter the boxes B at the top and flow down
the internal tubes D to the bottom row of pipes and thence as indicated by the
arrows through each row of pipes to the outlet H and as the water becomes hotter
in the pipes it will throw down any sediment which it may contain which
sediment will be deposited upon the division plates C and from thence will be driven
by the incoming cold water down the internal tubes D into the mud chambers S from
which it can be blown out at pleasure. It will further be seen that the current of
water from the time when it receives its first heat in the lowest row of pipes always
tends upward and is at no time caused to descend which practice in economisers of
other make has been the cause of serious accidents. It will also be apparent that the
whole can be entirely emptied of water at any time without any of such water entering
the flue and the whole apparatus can be blown through with steam for the purpose of
removing obstruction as required. The apparatus may also be used for the purpose of
evaporating liquids such as caustic soda. It is well known by engineers that
horizontal heating. surface is more effective than vertical, also that to get the best
results the heat should descend, both of which facts are taken advantage of in this
invention. By raising the damper X and revolving the damper Y one quarter of a
revolution the economiser chamber may at any time be isolated from the flue and
enable the chamber to be entered for the purpose of inspection or repair.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
together with the best methods with which we are acquainted for carrying the same
into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we claim is,
Firstly. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting an apparatus for
heating water or other liquids substantially as herein before described and illustrated
on the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The boxes B with division plates C and internal tubes D as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The scraper M the collars with teeth K and rings L as and for the purposes
herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 12th day of Anril 1897
G. H. RICHMOND.
J. CROWTHER.