Improvements in Miners' Safety Lamps.
Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 11th day of November 1887, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Miners' Safety Lamps.
I, ANDREW HOWAT, of 65, Bristol Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MINERS' SAFETY LAMPS, to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in those miners' safety lamps in which
the wire gauze cylinder or cylinders is covered by an outer casing or shield of
metal, the air for combustion being admitted to the lamp above the glass, and the
chief object of my improvements is to ensure more perfect combustion, and there-
fore a better light by guiding into the burner portion of the lamp the whole of the
air admitted for combustion, instead of allowing a large portion of the fresh air to
scape with the products of combustion directly through the outlet near the top of
the lampy, as is the case in lamps of the present construction.
I accomplish this object by placing a suitable deflector such as a ring of metal or
other material mac preferably with age or collar and placed between the metal
shield and gauze cylinder at any convenient distance above the air inlet. This
ring is secured in position by the ordinary metal rods of the lamp frame or other-
wise and as the ring fits closely against the metal shield as well as against the
gauze cylinder the air for combustion which enters under or near the bottom of
the shield is deflected downward by the ring and flange and so passes through
the ganze into the burner portion and thus perfect combustion is insured.
Another portion of my Invention consists in an internal locking device for the
metal shield or casing in order to prevent the possibility of the shield being
removed without the lamp having been first taken to pieces. A convenient method
of effecting this is to secure the shield or casing in position by a metal ring or disc
secured to the top of the lamp by screwed studs and nuts which nuts can only be
oosened from the interior of the lamp to release the ring or disc and allow the
shield to be removed.
T
1000

page_text: I, ANDREW HOwAT, of 65 Bristol Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MINERS SAFETY LAMPS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in those miners safety lamps in which
the wire gauze cylinder or cylinders is covered by an outer casing or shield of
metal, the air for combustion being admitted to the lamp above the glass, and the
chief object of my improvements is to ensure more perfect combustion and there-
fore a better light by guiding into the burner portion of the lamp the whole of the
air admitted for combustion instead of allowing a large portion of the fresh air to
escape with the products of combustion directly through the outlet near the top of
the lamp, as is the case in lamps of the present construction.
I accomplish this object by placing a suitable deflector such as a ring of metal or
other material made preferably with a flange or collar and placed between the metal
shield and gauze cylinder at any convenient distance above the air inlet. This
ring is secured in position by the ordinary metal rods of the lamp frame or other-
wise and as the ring fits closely against the metal shield as well as against the
gauze cylinder the air for combustion which enters under or near the bottom of
the shield is deflected downward by the ring and flange and so passes through the
gauze into the burner portion and thus more perfect combustion is insured than in
lamps of the ordinary construction.
Another portion of my Invention consists in an internal locking device for the
metal shield or casing in order to prevent the possibility of the shield being removed
without detection that ramp bows taken to pieces. A convooinent method of
effecting this is to secure the shield or casing in polis buy a metal ring or disc
secured to the top of the lamp by screwed studs and nuts which nuts can only be
loosen from the interior of the lamp to release the ring or disc and allow the shield
10 be removed.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon."
Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section of a miners' safety lamp to which the
deflector and the internal locking device are applied according to my Invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan on the line A A, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the top of the lamp
with the locking device removed and the shield free to be removed. Figs. 4 and 5
are detailed views of part of the locking device. Figs. 6 and 7 are detailed views
of the deflector. Figs. 8 and 9 are detailed views of a corrugated or fluted metal
ring or cylinder which I employ in some cases to assist in guiding the air admitted
to the lamp for combustion. Fig 10 is an elevation of a lamp showing a modifi
ention of the locking device for the cover or shield. Fig. 11 is a plan and Fig. 12
a-section-elevation of the same and Figs. 13 and 14-are-detailed views of the
locking plate or-bar.

page_text: 5
a is the outer casing or shield of the lamp, a¹ the inlet for air, and a² the outlet
or the products of combustion; b is the burner portion of the lamp; c is the outer
nd the inner wire gauze cylinder; ² is a corrugated or fluted metal ring or
ylinder (shown detached in Figs. 8 and 9) which is or may be placed inside the
ylinder e as shown in Fig. 1, and secured to the frame above the glass in order to
ssist in guiding the air to the burner b. In place of being fluted or corrugated
he ring may be plain; d is the deflector which I employ according to the first
art of my Invention. The deflector may be of any suitable shape and form but
I prefer to employ a deflector of the kind shown in the Drawings. This deflector d
consists of a ring of metal or other suitable material made with a flange or collar d'
[see detailed views, Figs. 6 and 7) and placed between the shield a and the gauze
it any convenient distance above the air inlet a¹. The deflector d is secured in
position as shown by the metal rods e of the lamp frame or it may be otherwise
secured and as the periphery of the flange d¹fits closely against the interior of
the shield a and the interior of the ring d fits closely against the gauze cylinder c
the air for combustion which in this case enters at a is deflected downward by the
ring d and flange and so passes through the gauze cylinders ce' and guided by
the corrugated ring 2 passes to the burner and thus better combustion and a
brilliant light are insured. Although I have shown a lamp provided with two
gauze cylinders and with the inlet a for air situated under the shield a it is
obvious that the deflector may be applied to other constructions of lamps, for
example, there may be only one gauze cylinder, the form of the corrugated ring c²
may be varied or the ring may be dispensed with, or the air inlet may be
through the metal shield near the bottom in place of between the shield and
the frame.
C
One arrangement of the internal locking device which 1 employ according to the
second part of my Invention is illustrated by Figs. 1, 4 and 5 in which, is a metal
ring which is placed on the top of the lamp when the shield a is in its position as
shown in Fig. 1. After the oil reservoir and burner, the glass, gauze, and other
parts have been removed, the ring is then secured to the top of the lamp by
incans of the screwed studs g and nuts h, which nuts haro tightened by means of
a key or other device (not shown). When the ring and shield a have been
secured to the lamp in this manner and the parts of the lamp replaced and locked
by a lead rivet or otherwise in their working positions the nuts / cannot be
loosened to release the ring and shield a until the lamp has been unlocked
and the oil reservoir and other parts have been again removed as previously
described.
Fige 10 to 14 represent a modification of the locking device for the shield-of-a
safety lamp which Lemploy Recording to the second part of my Invention.
In these views is a small plate or bar punched-at-i-with-holes to receive
lend rivets j; the shield a-as already described is provided with holes-a-for-the
escape of the products of combustion and when the shield has been put in position
the plate i is passed through two of the holes a²-to connect the shield to the lamp,
by putting rivets through the holes-/- and flattening the ends the plate i-is secured
and the shield a locked to the lamp:
This means of securing the shield is reliable and sufe as the plate can only be
removed by cutting off the end of one of the rivets and thus breaking the joint
while for the purpose of the fireman's or other official inspection, the shield-prior
to being locked can be readily removed so us to permit examination of the fum,
and can then be replaced and locked by inserting the plate i-and sealing it in
position by means of the rivets us described. The plate or bur- may be rommt,
square, or of any suitable form to suit the base of the outlet holes in the shield
and one rivet might be dispensed with by simply making one end of the plute or
buro that it could not pass through the holes a
By employing a locking device for the shield a as above described I obtain all
the advantages of a fixed shield as well as those of a loose shield without of
the well known disadvantages of either system.
any

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
1. In a miners safety lamp, the combination with the wire gauze cylinder (or
cylinders) and a metal shield or casing, of a deflector, such as the ring d provided
with a flange d', substantially as herein set forth, for the purposes specified.
2. In a miners safety lamp, the combination with a wire gauze cylinder (or
cylinders), a metal shield or casing and a deflector substantially as described, of
the ring or its equivalent substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
3. The use-and-application of a locking device for the loose metal-shield-or
ensing of a miners safety lamp for the purpose of preventing the removal of said
shield without first breaking a-seal which may be either a special soul or the lend
rivet, screw, or other seal usually employed to lock the lamp and prevent-it from
being taken-to-pieces without detection.
3. The internal locking device for the shield of a miners' safety lamp, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein described and as illustrated by Figs. 1,4
and 5.
In a miners' safety lamp: the combination with a loose-shield, of the plate i,
or its equivalent and the lend rivet or rivets-j, forming a locking device to prevent
the removal of the said shicht without detection, substantially as and for the
purposes-described and as illustrated by Figs. 10 to 14.
H. B. BARLOW,
Agent.

page_text: I, ANDREW HOWAT, of 65, Bristol Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MINERS SAFETY LAMPS, to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in those miners' safety lamps in which
the wire gauze cylinder or cylinders is covered by an outer casing or shield of
metal, the air for combustion being admitted to the lamp above the glass, and the
chief object of my improvements is to insure more perfect combustion, and there-
fore a better light by guiding into the burner portion of the lamp the whole of the
air admitted for combustion, instead of allowing a large portion of the fresh air to
escape with the products of combustion directly through the outlet near the top of
the lamp, as is the case in lamps of the present construction.
I accomplish this object by placing a suitable deflector such as a ring of metal or
other material made preferably with a flange or collar and placed between the metal
shield and gauze cylinder at any convenient distance above the air inlet. This
ring is secured in position by the ordinary metal rods of the lamp frame or other-
wise and as the ring fits closely against the metal shield as well as against the
gauze cylinder the air for combustion which enters under or near the bottom of
the shield is deflected downward by the ring and flange and so passes through
the gauze into the burner portion and thus perfect combustion is insured.
Another portion of my Invention consists in an internal locking device for the
metal shield or casing in order to prevent the possibility of the shield being
removed without the lamp baving been first taken to pieces. A convenient method
of effecting this is to secure the shield or casing in position by a metal ring or disc
secured to the top of the lamp by screwed studs and nuts which nuts can only be
loosened from the interior of the lamp to release the ring or disc and allow the
shield to be removed.

page_text: I ANDREW HOWAT, of 65 Bristol Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MINERS' SAFETY LAMPS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in those miners' safety lamps in which
the wire gauze cylinder or cylinders is covered by an outer casing or shield of
metal, the air for combustion being admitted to the lamp above the glass, and the
chief object of my improvements is to insure more perfect combustion and there-
fore a better light by guiding into the burner portion of the lamp the whole of the
air admitted for combustion instead of allowing a large portion of the fresh air to
escape with the products of combustion directly through the outlet near the top of
the lamp, as is the case in lamps of the present construction.
I accomplish this object by placing a suitable deflector such as a ring of metal or
other material made preferably with a flange or collar and placed between the metal
shield and gauze cylinder at any convenient distance above the air inlet. This
ring is secured in position by the ordinary metal rods of the lamp frame or other-
wise and as the ring fits closely against the metal shield as well as against the
gauze cylinder the air for combustion which enters under or near the bottom of
the shield is deflected downward by the ring and flange and so passes through the
gauze into the burner portion and thus more perfect combustion is insured than in
lamps of the ordinary construction.
Another portion of my Invention consists in a locking device for the metal shield
or casing in order to prevent the possibility of the shield being removed without
detection. A convenient method of effecting this is to secure the shield or casing
in position by a metal ring or disc secured to the top of the lamp by screwed studs
and nuts which nuts can only be loosened from the interior of the lamp to release
the ring or disc and allow the shield to be removed.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section of a miners' safety lamp to which the
deflector and the internal locking device are applied according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan on the line A A, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of the top of the lamp
with the locking device removed and the shield free to be removed. Figs. 4 and 5
are detailed views of part of the locking device. Figs. 6 and 7 are detailed views
of the deflector. Figs. and 9 are detailed views of a corrugated or fluted metal
ring or cylinder which I employ in some cases to assist in guiding the air admitted
to the lamp for combustion. Fig. 10 is an elevation of a lamp showing a modi-
fication of the locking device for the cover or shield. Fig. 11 is a plan and Fig. 12
a sectional elevation of the same and Figs. 13 and 14 are detailed views of the
locking plate or bar.

page_text: a is the outer casing or shield of the lamp, a¹ the inlet for air, and a² the outlet
for the products of combustion; b is the burner portion of the lamp; c is the outer
and c' the inner wire gauze cylinder; c² is a corrugated or fluted metal ring or
cylinder (shown detached in Figs. 8 and 9) which is or may be placed inside the
cylinder c¹ as shown in Fig. 1, and secured to the frame above the glass in order to
assist in guiding the air to the burner b. In place of being fluted or corrugated
the ring c² may be plain; d is the deflector which I employ according to the first
part of my Invention. The deflector may be of any suitable shape and form but
I prefer to employ a deflector of the kind shown in the Drawings. This deflector <
consists of a ring of metal or other suitable material made with a flange or collar d'
(see detailed views, Figs. 6 and 7) and placed between the shield a and the gauze
at any convenient distance above the air inlet a¹. The deflector d is secured in
position as shown by the metal rods e of the lamp frame or it may be otherwise
secured and as the periphery of the flange & fits closely against the interior of
the shield a and the interior of the ring d fits closely against the gauze cylinder c
the air for combustion which in this case enters at a¹ is deflected downward by the
ring d and flange d¹ and so passes through the gauze cylinders c c' and guided by
the corrugated ring c² passes to the burner b and thus better combustion and a
brilliant light are insured. Although I have shown a lamp provided with two
gauze cylinders and with the inlet a¹ for air situated under the shield a it is
obvious that the deflector may be applied to other constructions of lamps, for
example, there may be only one gauze cylinder, the form of the corrugated ring c³
may be varied or the ring may be dispensed with, or the air inlet may be
through the metal shield near the bottom in place of between the shield and
the frame.
One arrangement of the internal locking device which I employ according to the
second part of my Invention is illustrated by Figs. 1, 4 and 5 in which, fis a metal
ring which is placed on the top of the lamp when the shield a is in its position as
shown in Fig. 1. After the oil reservoir and burner, the glass, gauze, and other
parts have been removed, the ring f is then secured to the top of the lamp by
means of the screwed studs g and nuts h, which nuts are tightened by means of
a key or other device (not shown). When the ring f and shield a have been
secured to the lamp in this manner and the parts of the lamp replaced and locked
by a lead rivet or otherwise in their working positions the nuts h cannot be
loosened to release the ring f and shield a until the lamp has been unlocked
and the oil reservoir and other parts have been again removed as previously
described.
Figs. 10 to 14 represent a modification of the locking device for the shield of a
safety lamp which I employ according to the second part of my Invention.
In these views. i is a small plate or bar punched at with holes to receive
lead rivets j; the shield a as already described is provided with holes a² for the
escape of the products of combustion and when the shield has been put in position
the plate i is passed through two of the holes a² to connect the shield to the lamp,
by putting rivets through the holes and flattening the ends the plate i is secured
and the shield a locked to the lamp.
This means of securing the shield is reliable and safe as the plate can only be
removed by cutting off the end of one of the rivets and thus breaking the joint
while for the purpose of the fireman's or other official inspection, the shield prior
to being locked can be readily removed so as to permit examination of the lamp
and can then be replaced and locked by inserting the plate i and sealing it in
position by means of the rivets as described. The plate or bar i may be round,
square, or of any suitable form to suit the shape of the outlet holes in the shield
and one rivet j might be dispensed with by simply making one end of the plate or
bar i so that it could not pass through the holes a².
By employing a locking device for the shield a as above described I obtain all
the advantages of a fixed shield as well as those of a loose shield without any of
the well known disadvantages of either system.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
1. In a miners' safety lamp, the combination with the wire gauze cylinder (or
cylinders) and a metal shield or casing, of a deflector, such as the ring d provided
with a flange d¹, substantially as herein set forth, for the purposes specified.
2. In a miners' safety lamp, the combination with a wire gauze cylinder (or
cylinders), a metal shield or casing and a deflector substantially as described, of
the ring c² or its equivalent substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
3. The use and application of a locking device for the loose metal shield or
casing of a miners' safety lamp for the purpose of preventing the removal of said
shield without first breaking a seal which may be either a special seal or the lead
rivet, screw, or other seal usually employed to lock the lamp and prevent it from
being taken to pieces without detection.
4. The internal locking device for the shield of a miners' safety lamp, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein described and as illustrated by Figs. 1, 4
and 5.
5. In a miners' safety lamp, the combination with a loose shield, of the plate i,
or its equivalent and the lead rivet or rivets j, forming a locking device to prevent
the removal of the said shield without detection, substantially as and for the
purposes described and as illustrated by Figs. 10 to 14.