IMPROVED HYDROSTATIC COFFEE OR TEA POT
Year: 1880

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Ernest Bazin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1880.
ERNEST BAZIN, Civil Engineer, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
IMPROVED HYDROSTATIC COFFEE OR TEA POT."
"
A NEW OR
The Invention relates to a new or improved hydrostatic coffee pot based upon
the application of the natural hydraulic head for forcing hot water from below
upwards through a certain quantity of coffee, the effect of the filtration from below
upwards being to drive or force the light and rich oils and matters from the coffee
into a receiver (which is generally circular and annular) whence the coffee is
delivered for use.
In order to clearly distinguish the novelty and principle upon which my
Invention is based, I will describe the manner in which coffee has been made
heretofore.
Coffee is ordinarily made by filtration, in some cases simply by pouring hot
water on the coffee, which draws away only a very small proportion of the essential
oils and rich matters, the greater part remaining on or in the grounds.
In some cases steam is employed in a variety of ways, but always ineffectually,
and sometimes dangerously. In some apparatuses water at 212° is thrown over
the coffee, and the filtration is effected from above downwards; the coffee boils as
it is produced, which is objectionable. In other cases steam is employed to force
water at 212° from below upwards; the filtration which is from below upwards
has the inconvenience of being too energetic and cannot be regulated by the
operator, besides which the oils are retained and absorbed by the flannel envelope.
Lastly, a very old process consists in causing the coffee to rise from below
upwards by steam, which in condensing- causes afterwards filtration from above
downwards..
My coffee pot is-based upon the physical principle of the equilibrium of liquids
in vessels communicating with each other, and is evidently destined to replace all
defective or dangerous systems.

page_text: required number of cups of coffee or tea may be made as may be required.
DESCRIPTION.
The Drawing hereto annexed shews three specimens of coffee pots; Figure 1 is
a vertical section of one in tinned iron for one or two cups; Figure 2 is a vertical
section of a large size in china for six cups, and Figure 3 is a vertical section of a
type in tinned iron of economical construction.
The arrangement, Figure 1, to which I give the preference, is composed of a foot a
more or less ornamented, terminated above by the top a', which constitutes the
bottom of vessel b of circular or other form. Concentric to this latter is arranged
another circular vessel c, the base of which is soldered over a', and which I close,
after this base and the admission pipe for water has been soldered by the plate c',
which completes the top of the foot and the bottom of the apparatus.
The two vessels b and c are of the same height; into the latter opens as low
down as possible the pipe d, which after passing through the side of the vessel b is
bent and rises vertically to carry the funnel vase v, into which is poured the hot
water intended for making the coffee or tea.
In the vessel c is a filter f, which rests upon the bottom by a foot e. On this
filter is thrown the requisite quantity of tea or coffee, as indicated by the dotted
space. The foot of the filter will be higher or lower so as to increase or diminish
the capacity necessary for the tea or coffee, and also to allow of making with the
same apparatus one, two, or several cups of tea or coffee.
The vessel c is covered with a second filter f¹, which allows the coffee to run as
made into the annular space surrounding. This filter is held in place by the
abutment of its stem g against a projection h' of the glass (cover h, which closes the
outer vessel b. Any other means for reaching the same end may be employed,
such as, for example, an extension of the filter f¹ with a bayonet joint taking on
to the cylinder c.
In the annular vessel which receives the coffee when made I place a float k¹
passing through the cover h, in order to be visible outside to indicate the progress
of the operation, and when this latter is finished the number of cups ready to be
served. This float may be in wood, cork, hollow metal, aluminium, and so forth.
A tap r placed in the hot water inlet pipe d serves to regulate the apparatus ;
another tap r communicating with the annular chamber serves for drawing off the
coffee or tea.
ACTION OF THE APPARATUS.
After having placed at the bottom of the vessel c the filter corresponding to the
number of cups to be obtained, and placed upon it the ground coffee or the tea,
the filter f' and the cover are put in place and the two tans closed. Hot
ACTION OF THE APPARATUS,
Hot
After having placed at the bottom of the vessel c the filter corresponding to the s
number of cups to be obtained, and placed upon it the ground coffee or the tea,
the filter f¹ and the cover h are put in place and the two taps ² closed.
water at about 203° Fahrenheit is poured into the vase v, the tap r is then gently
opened and immediately by reason of the natural hydraulic head the water passes
through the coffee or tea from below upwards, seizes the essential oils and the rich
elements of the coffee or tea, carrying them with it as the supply increases; then
transformed thus into infusion of coffee or tea it escapes through the filter f' and
falls into the annular vessels. The float k rises and marks at each moment the
progress of the operation.
The example shewn in Figure 2 differs from the preceding in the material a
employed in its construction, which necessitates some modifications of form and
arrangement, which are not of importance as affecting the system.
Under the funnel v I arrange a place for a small spirit lamp (Fig. 2) intended

page_text: either to maintain the temperature of hot water poured into the funnel v, or to
heat the water if it has been poured in warm or cold; in this case its cover is
pierced with a hole m to prevent accident.
The other parts of the apparatus are indicated by the same letters as the
corresponding parts in Figure 1.
The example shewn in Figure 3 differs from th two preceding in this respect,
that the vessel b which receives the infusion of coffee is situated over the vessel c
in which the manufacture is carried out.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the manner in
which the same is to or may be carried into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim as my Invention is,-
First. The hydrostatic coffee or tea pot operating by the action of the natural
hydraulic bead, that is to say, the application of the natural hydraulic head, or
principle of the equilibrium of liquids in vessels communicating with each other,
for forcing hot water from below upwards through a quantity of coffee or tea;
this water filtering from below upwards in order to drive or force the oils and rich
matters from the coffee or tea into a receiver adapted for its reception and service.
Second. The new application of floats in making coffee and tea for indicating at
each instant the volume inade.
Third. The use and arrangement of filters with feet of greater or lesser height,
whereby with the same apparatus any required number of cups may be obtained.
Fourth. The mode of construction in metal such as tinned iron, copper, or other
metal or alloy, as shewn in Figures 1 and 3, or in china or glass or other suitable
material, as shewn in Figure 1, whether arranged vertically, horizontally, or
inclined, and which comprises either two vessels, one for the coffee or tea in
powder, the other for the infused coffee or tea, as shewn in Figures 1 and 2, or a
single vessel, as shewn in Figure 3.
Fifth. The use and arrangement of a lamp for heating or keeping hot the water
in the funnel or vase.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernest Bazin, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
ERNEST BAZIN. (LS.)