Governor for Electric, Water, and other Motors.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Governor for Electric, Water, and other Motors.
I, NATHANIEL SHEPARD KEITH, of 711 Jones Street, in the City and
County of San Francisco, State of California, United States of America,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a governor, or regulator, of the
speed of rotation, or movement, of the rotatory, or the reciprocating parts of
electric, water, steam, gas, or other motors.
This object is accomplished by means of a dynamo electric machine operated by
connection with the motor whose speed it is to regulate, govern or control.
The armature of the dynamo electric machine is driven by means of pulleys
and a belt, or by other well known means such as cog-gearing; and the field
magnet of the dynamo is so mounted that it may, under the conditions hereinafter
described, rotate in the same direction as the armature, or in a direction opposite
thereto.
The movements of the field maguet are communicated by suitable connections
to a shut-off, or turn-on mechanism in the avenue of supply of the motive force
to the motor, be the said avenue a wire, pipe, conduit or other means.
In the case of an electric motor the said mechanism may be either the brushes,
or a switch by which part, or all, of the electrical energy may be diverted to or
from the motor, or parts thereof.
In the case of a water motor, such as a tangential water wheel, commonly
known as a Pelton wheel, the mechanism may be means for moving the nozzle
from which the water proceeds, or may be either a valve or cock which controls
the flow of water.
In the case of other water motors such as turbines, hydraulic engines, or of
other water wheels, the mechanism may be the usual means for controlling the
flow of water, such as valves, cocks or gates.
The field magnet of the dynamo electric machine is resisted from turning in
the direction of the rotation of its armature by a weight, or spring, until by
reason of the attainment of a certain speed of rotation, and consequent strength
of magnetic attraction between armature and field magnet, it overcomes the
weight or spring and turns, thus moving the mechanism which regulates the
supply of motive force so that less is admitted to drive the motor. Consequently
the speed of rotation of the motor decreases until an equilibrium is attained
between the forces of the magnetic turning force and the spring or weight.
If, however, the motor and therefore the armature of the governor, turn too
slowly the magnetic attraction between the armature and field magnet will
decrease, and therefore the turning strength of the weight or spring will move
the field magnet and the connected controlling mechanism in the reverse direction,
thus admitting more motive force to the motor.
The application of this governor to steam engines, gas, and other motors is
obvious from the preceding descriptions.
This governor does not "hunt.' That is, it does not run too fast and too far so
as to turn on or off too much of the motive force. This is by reason of the
fact that any movement of the field magnet changes what would otherwise be
the relation of the two speeds, that of the armature and that of the field magnet,

page_text: so that if it attempts to run too fast in the direction of the rotation of the
armature the magnetic attraction between the two is reduced, thus tending to stop
the motion.
I, NATHANIEL SHEPARD KEITH of 711 Jones Street in the City and
County of San Francisco, State of California, United States of America,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:—
The object of this invention is to provide a governor or regulator, of the speed
of rotation, or movement, of the rotary or the reciprocating parts of electric, water,
steam, gas or other motors.
This object is accomplished by means of a dynamo electric machine operated by
connection with the motor whose speed it is to regulate, govern or control.
The armature of the dynamo electric machine is driven by means of pulleys and
a belt, or by other well known means such as cog-gearing, and the field magnet of
the dynamo is so mounted that it may, under the conditions hereinafter-described
rotate in the same direction as the armature, or in a direction opposite thereto.
The movements of the field 'magnet are communicated by suitable connections to
a shut-off, or turn-on mechanism in the avenue of supply of the motive force to the
motor, be the said avenue a wire, pipe, conduit, or other means.
In the case of an electric motor the said mechanism may be either the brushes,
or a switch by which part, or all, of the electrical energy may be diverted to or
from the motor, or parts thereof.
In the case of a water motor, such as a tangential water wheel, commonly
known as a Pelton wheel, the mechanism may be means for moving the nozzle
from which the water proceeds, or may be either a valve or cock which controls
the flow of water.
In the case of other water motors, such as turbines, hydraulic engines, or of
other water wheels, the mechanism may be the usual means for controlling the
flow of water, such as valves, cocks or gates.
The field magnet of the dynamo electric machine is resisted from turning in the
direction of the rotation of its armature by a weight, or spring, until, by reaso:+
of the attainment of a certain speed of rotation, and consequent strength oð
magnetic attraction between armature and field magnet, it overcomes the weight or
spring and turns, thus moving the mechanism which regulates the supply of motive
force so that less is admitted to drive the motor. Consequently the speed of
rotation of the motor decreases until an equilibrium is attained between the forces
of the magnetic turning force and the spring or weight.
If, however, the motor and therefore the armature of the governor, turn too
slowly, the magnetic attraction between the armature and field magnet will
decrease, and therefore the turning strength of the weight or spring will move the
field magnet and the connected controlling mechanism in the reverse direction,
thus admitting more motive force to the motor.
The application of this governor to steam engines, gas and other motors is
obvious from the preceding descriptions.
This governor does not "hunt." That is it does not run too fast and too far so as
to turn on or off too much of the motive force. This is by reason of the fact that
any movement of the field magnet changes what would otherwise be the relation of
the two speeds, that of the armature and that of the field magnet, so that if it

page_text: attempts to run too fast in the direction of the rotation of the armature the
magnetic attraction between the two is reduced, thus tending to stop the motion.
In the accompanying drawing like letters refer to like parts in all of the figures.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal view, with the field-magnet in section, of one of my
dynamo electric governors. Figure 2 is an end view of the same. Figure 3 shows
the combination of the same with, and for the purpose of regulating the speed of,
an electric motor. Figure 4 shows the combination of the same with a tangential
water-wheel for the same purpose.
In Figures 1 and 2 L is a base upon which are mounted the two standards F F¹.
The armature I has its shaft, or axle, extending through the bearing in the
standard F.
Mounted on this shaft is the pulley B, which is rotated by a belt from the motor,
as shewn in Figures 3 and 4. The armature is thus rotated.
The field magnet N, N, S, S, K is also fastened to a shaft extending through its
bearing in the standard F'. This shaft has the pulley C fastened to it. This
pulley is belted, or otherwise connected, to the mechanism which controls the
admission of energy to the motor, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
The brushes of the dynamo electric governor are shewn at G G, and its
commutator at H.
In Figure 3, P P represent the magnetic poles of an electric motor. T M and V
respectively represent the shaft, armature and commutator of the same.
D is a
pulley fastened to the shaft, and which by a belt communicates rotary movement
to B, and the armature of the dynamo electric governor.
O, O, are the brushes of the motor, and which are mounted in the usual manner
on the yoke R, the hub E of which may rotate to and fro concentric with the
shaft T. Z is a spring so mounted on the shaft of the field magnet of the dynamo
electric governor that it resists the turning of the field-magnet, until the pre-
determined speed, and consequent magnetic attraction between armature and field
magnet have been attained. When these are exceeded the field magnet, its shaft
and pulley C, turn and by the belt from C to E communicate motion to the
yoke R and its attached brushes O, O, so that they are turned on the commutator V
to a point where less electrical energy is admitted to the motor. Therefore its
speed of rotation is reduced. In the case of too low speed the spring causes
movement of the parts in the reverse direction, thus admitting more electrical
energy to the motor and therefore increasing its speed of rotation.
In Figure 4, X represents a tangential water wheel, of the type commonly
known as the Pelton, mounted on its shaft T', upon which latter is fastened
the pulley D. Y is the nozzle through which water is conveyed to the wheel.
U is the pipe conducting the water, and W is a valve therein, on the stem of
which is the pulley E. The operation is the same as that set forth in describing
Figure 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. A governor for a motor consisting of a dynamo electric machine having its
armature driven by the motor and its field magnet actuating the controlling
mechanisin of the motor the rotation of the field magnet being resisted by a spring
weight or other means.
2. A governor substantially as described and shown in the annexed drawing.