IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE AND DOUBLE FURROW PLOUGHS.
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lake Baker and Thomas Newton Cox,
both of Hargrave, in the County of Northampton, Agricultural
Implement Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE AND DOUBLE FURROW PLOUGHS.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lake Baker and
Thomas Newton Cox at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 21st February 1872.
We, JOHN LAKE BAKER and THOMAS NEWTON Cox, both of Har-
grave, in the County of Northampton, Agricultural Implement Makers,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE AND DOUBLE FURROW PLOUGHS," to be as
follows

page_text: The improvements provide for a more perfect balance of the plough
than heretofore, and embrace also a facile mode of adjusting the shares
to their work. This latter improvement is applicable also to single-
furrow ploughs.
In constructing double-furrow ploughs we use a single beam say of
1 or I iron or steel, from each side of which projects an arm to receive
a plough frame or body. The plough frames or bodies are so fitted to
their respective arms as to allow of their sliding thereon to obtain a
lateral adjustment to suit varying widths of furrows, and also to permit
of their rocking on the arms to vary the pitch of the share according
to the work in hand. The bodies are further secured in position by a
stop pin projecting inwards from the body, which pin presses against the
under side of the beam,
We adjust and regulate the inclination of the plough frames or bodies,
and consequently the pitch of the shares, by an excentric ring or collar
fitted to the stop pin of the frames. By turning this excentric collar
so as to bring up to the beam a greater or less radius, the inclination
of the frame can be adjusted with the greatest nicity, and when so
adjusted the frames may be made fast to their respective arms by clamps
or otherwise. Instead of placing the eccentric on the stop pin it may
be applied to the projecting arm and work in the socket of the plough
frame. In this case the turning of the excentric will vary the angle of
inclination of the plough body and consequently the pitch of the share.
This mode of adjusting plough bodies is applicable to single as well as
to double-furrow ploughs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Lake Baker and Thomas Newton Cox in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LAKE BAKER and THOMAS NEWTON Cox, both of Hargrave, in 3
the County of Northampton, Agricultural Implement Makers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty- 3.

page_text: fifth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said John Lake Baker and Thomas Newton Cox,
Her special licence that we, the said John Lake Baker and Thomas
Newton Cox, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said John Lake Baker and Thomas Newton Cox, our exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF SINGLE AND DOUBLE FURROW PLOUGHS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said John Lake Baker and Thomas
Newton Cox, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Lake Baker and Thomas
Newton Cox, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
The chief object of this Invention is to simplify the construction of
double-furrow ploughs, and thereby to effect an economy in their
manufacture.
The improvements provide, first, for a more perfect balance of the
plough than heretofore; and, secondly, they embrace a facile mode of
adjusting the shares of single and double furrow ploughs to their
work.
In constructing double-furrow ploughs we use a single beam, say of 1
or I-shaped iron or steel, from each side of which projects an arm to
receive a plough frame or body. The plough frames or bodies are so
fitted to their respective arms as to allow of their sliding thereon to
obtain a lateral adjustment to suit varying widths of furrow, and also
to permit of their rocking on their arms to vary the pitch of the share
according to the work in hand.

page_text: In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1 shews in side elevation, and
Fig. 2 in plan view a double-furrow plough constructed according to
the first part of our Invention. A is the beam of the plough made of
iron of a 1 shaped section. From the opposite sides of this beam
project horizontal arms B, B, which are made of round iron and serve
as supports for the plough bodies C, C. These bodies are fitted as
usual with shares and mould boards, and to them are also fitted the
coulters. This arrangement allows of a facile adjustment laterally of
the ploughs and also of the pitch of the shares. Projecting inwards
from each frame at a point immediately below the beam is a stop pin D,
which serves to take the back pressure produced when the plough is at
work and maintain the share in the position to which it is adjusted.
F is a clamping screw for preventing the plough body C from shifting
on its arm B and disturbing its lateral adjustment.
In order to adjust and regulate the inclination of the plough frames
or bodies and consequently the pitch of the shares we avail ourselves of
the use of the stop pins D and interpose between them and the beam a
filling piece of variable thickness; this may consist either of an excentric
ring or collar fitted to the stop pin of the frame or of a simple wedge.
Figures 3 and 4 shew in side elevation and plan view so much of a
plough with this improved adjustment applied thereto as will serve to
explain the improvement. In these Figures D is the stop pin made
round to receive an excentric collar E which is embraced by a strap piece
The ends of this clamp are
or clamp G pendent from the beam A.
threaded and project through the flange of the beam to receive clamping
nuts. It will now be understood that by turning the excentric collar
so as to bring up to the beam a greater or less radius the inclination of
the frame or body can be adjusted with the greatest nicety, and when so
adjusted the frames may be made fast to their respective arms by
tightening up the clamps. Instead of placing the excentric collar on
the stop pin it may be applied to the projecting arm and work in the
socket of the plough frame or body.
This modification is illustrated by Fig. 5, where E is the excentric
collar mounted on the arm B, and working in the socket of the plough
body C. The stop D is in this case after the adjustment of the plough
made fast to the beam by a binding screw G. The turning of the
excentric as will be readily understood will vary the angle of inclination
of the plough body and consequently the pitch of the share in like
manner to the first described arrangement.

page_text: A further modification of this mode of adjusting the pitch of the
ploughshare is shown at Figures 1 and 2, where in place of the inter-
position of the excentric between the stock pin and the beam a wedge-
shaped piece E is employed. This wedge is slotted longitudinally to
receive the clamping screw which projects through the stop D and
enters a tapped hole in the plough beam. By simply advancing or
retracting this wedge and then tightening the screw the same effect is
produced on the share as by turning the excentric in the before-
described arrangements. This mode of adjusting plough bodies is
applicable to single as well as to double furrow ploughs.
Having now set forth the nature of our Invention of "improvements
in the construction of single and double furrow ploughs, and explained
the manner of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood
that under the above in part recited Letters Patent we claim,-
First. The arrangement above described for ensuring the more perfect
balance of double furrow ploughs.
Secondly. The mode above described of adjusting the pitch of the
shares of single and double furrow ploughs to their work.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Lake Baker and Thomas
Newton Cox, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Nine-
teenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-two.
JOHN L. BAKER. (L.S.)
пилитси ани стоп-
JOHN L. BAKER.
(L.S.)
THOMAS N. COX. (L.S.)