Improvements in or connected with Dyeing, Tinting, Sizing, and Bleaching, or similarly Operating upon Textile Fabrics or Fibres and other Materials.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 26th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 31st Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Dyeing, Tinting, Sizing, and
Bleaching, or similarly Operating upon Textile Fabrics or Fibres
and other Materials.
1, JOHN SMITH, of 4, Ashton Street, Heywood, near Manchester, in the County
of Chester, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to the dyeing, tinting, sizing, bleaching, or otherwise
similarly operating (such as scouring) upon textile fabrics and fibres, such as
paper, leather, etcetera; and it has mainly for its object to effect the dyeing, tinting,
or otherwise similarly operating upon textile fibres, and with fabrics or other
materials, in a shorter space of time, with a greater economy of liquids or materials
used, and a more effectual or perfect result than is usually obtained by the processes
at present commonly practised.
In
For convenience I will describe my improvements in or connected with dyeing
(including tinting) textile fabrics or fibres; but it is to be understood at the same
time that the improvements may be applied in sizing, bleaching, and similar
processes, or operating upon textile fabrics or fibres and other materials.
dyeing according to this invention, the material, say piece goods or warps, or other
textile material, is passed through one or more narrow vessels of U shape, or
rectangular shape, or equivalent form, and wherein the dye liquor or other liquid is
held. The material to be treated is passed in at one part of the vessel or conduit,
wherein it accumulates, and is carried in this accumulated form by mechanical
means, such as by travelling brattices or equivalent conveyors, through the
apparatus, it being taken out at the other end or part at the same rate as it is fed,
and carried over to be re-passed through the vessel (or a separate vessel\.
the ends of warps, cloth, or other material be connected together, a continuous or
endless piece of material may be treated in the apparatus and passed several
times through the liquid; or several pieces may be so passed together through it.
If
In one form of apparatus under this invention, the material, in its piled or slack
form, is conveyed through the vessel or conduit containing the liquor by two brattice
conveyors, between which it is contained or carried, the conveyors being in endless
form, the outer one passing over suitable winces or rollers one part in the liquid,
and the other outside the vessel; whilst the other moves on the other side of the
material and is carried over on similar winces or rollers. The rate of movement
of these couveyors is relatively slow. The material is delivered into the said
vessel, and taken out of same, by winces or rollers over which it passes in endless
form in the process of treatment. Other winces suitably disposed in relation to
the apparatus may be employed to deliver the material to the apparatus at the
commencement of operations, and take it up after the treatment to be performed is
completed.
By constructing dyeing, tinting, or sizing and bleaching apparatus in the manner
herein described the amount of liquor used (that is including the quantity which
has to be wasted or thrown away) is relatively small, and the operation is rapidly
performed; moreover the space occupied by the apparatus is relatively small.
In some cases, means may be provided for laterally adjusting the width of the
bath or vessel.
This invention may be employed for dyeing various kinds of textile fabrics
and fibres or material in a raw or finished state, or partly finished state, (in
endless' as well as in continuous manners), that is, in any intermediate state between

page_text: carded fibre or slivers, and the finished article. It may also be modified and
carried out in different ways without departing from its main features
characteristics.
or
Dated this 24th day of May 1893.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agent.
Improvements in or connected with Dyeing, Tinting, Sizing, and
Bleaching, or similarly Operating upon Textile Fabrics or Fibres
and other Materials.
I, JOHN SMITH, of 4, Ashton Street, Heywood, near Manchester, in the County
of Chester, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to the dyeing, tinting, sizing, bleaching, or otherwise
similarly operating (such as scouring) upon textile fabrics and fibres, and other
analogous material; and it has mainly for its object to effect the dyeing, tinting, or
otherwise similarly operating upon textile fibres and fabrics or other analogous
materials in a shorter space of time, with a greater economy of liquids or material-
used, and a more effectual or perfect result than is usually obtained by the
processes at present commonly practised.
For convenience I will describe my improvements in or connected with dyeing
(including tinting) textile fabrics or fibres; but it is to be understood at the same
time that the improvements may be applied in sizing, bleaching, and similar
processes or operating upon textile fabrics or fibres and other materials. In
dyeing according to this invention, the material, say piece goods or warps, or other
textile material, is passed through one or more narrow vessels of U shape or
other suitable shape, or equivalent form, and wherein the dye liquor or other
liquid is held. The material to be treated is passed in at one part of the vessel or
conduit, wherein it accumulates, and is carried in this accumulated form by
mechanical means, such as by travelling brattice or equivalent conveyors, through
the apparatus, it being taken out at the other end or part at the same rate as it
is fed, and carried over to be repassed through the vessel (or a separate vessel).
If the ends of warps, cloth, or other material be connected together, a continuous
or endless piece of material may be treated in the apparatus and passed several
times through the liquid; or several pieces may be so passed together through it.
In one form of apparatus under this invention, the material, in its piled or slack
form, is conveyed through the vessel or conduit containing the liquor by two
brattice conveyors, between which it is contained or carried, the conveyors being in
endless form, the outer one passing over suitable winces or rollers oue part in the
liquid, and the other outside the vessel; whilst the other moves on the other side
of the material and is carried over on similar winces or rollers. The rate of move-
ment of these conveyors is relatively slow. The material is delivered into the said
vessel, and taken out of same, by winces or rollers over which it passes in endless
form in the process of treatment. Other winces suitably disposed in relation to
the apparatus may be employed to deliver the material to the apparatus at the
commencement of operations and take it up after the treatment to be performed is
completed.
By constructing dyeing, tinting, or sizing and bleaching apparatus in the manner
herein described the amount of liquor used (that is including the quantity which
has to be wasted or thrown away) is relatively small, and the operation is rapidly
performed; moreover the space occupied by the apparatus is relatively small.

page_text: In some cases, incans may be provided for laterally adjusting the width of the
bath or vessel.
This invention may be employed for dyeing various kinds of textile fabrics and
fibres or material in a raw or finished state, or partly finished state, (in endless as
well as in continuous manners), that is, in any intermediate state between carded
fibre or slivers, and the finished article. It may also be modified and carried out
in different ways without departing from its main features or characteristics.
In the drawings illustrating this invention I shew in Figure 1 a cross section of
a machine provided with my improvements or operating and constructed according
thereto; and Figure 2 shews a modification of same.
Referring to Figure 1 in the first instance, ab are respectively outer and inner
semi-cylindrical, or U shaped walls, fastened to suitable end plates or boards which
enclose the ends of the space within same, one of which is shewn in Figure 1,
and marked c. These walls with their enclosed ends make a semi-cylindrical
annular vessel or a semi-annulus, which contains the dye liquor or other liquor,
and through which the material to be dyed is passed. dande are respectively
outer and inner brattice conveyors, of any suitable construction, and of endless
form; and are rollers over which the brattice d passes, and by which it is
supported; while ele are rollers over which the brattice conveyor e passes, and by
which it is carried. The brattice conveyor d lies just inside and works closely to
an inner wall, and the brattice conveyor e works closely to the inside surface of
the wall a, and two conveyors being driven at suitable speeds by any suitable
driving mechanism.
represents two rollers over which the material, m, to be dyed or being treated
passes when in endless form, said rollers being driven at a required speed, so as to
take the material up out of one end or part of the apparatus. and deliver it at the
other at the required speed, and in accordance with that of the conveyors d and e.
yis a roller for delivering material to or taking it out of the apparatus, say when
first introduced into it (or when finally taken out of it); and his a similar roller
for similar purposes.
In the modification shewn in Figure 2, a duplex arrangement of apparatus is
shewn, wherein the outer conveyor e is passed over rollers i between the two
vessels at the upper edge, so that said outer brattice conveyor e is in endless form
and common to the two vessels. There is also provided at the inlet end a second
rollere, so that the conveyor forms a travelling table between these two
rollers e, ex onto which the material, when of cloth or the like, inay be laid say in
zigzag form, by any suitable known apparatus; it being taken off and delivered
into the first vessel by the movement of the conveyor. Above the outlet or part
of the apparatus at which the material is discharged, suitable nipping rollers, as k,
may be used to press out the liquor from the material, such rollers being so arranged
as to cause the liquid to run back into the vessel. These nipping rollers may be
provided anywhere where desired.
As regards the use of two or more vessels or apparatus as described, it will be
plain to those connected with the art or arts to which this invention relates, that
the multiplication of such apparatus will enable dyeing and bleaching processes to
be carried out in stages or steps; and that when the invention is applied to
bleaching or analogous operations, the different processes or stages may be carried
out by using a different vessel-or sets of vessels-of the kind described, for each,
and that the whole may be performed by a continuous arrangement of such vessels,
and mode of operating them.
In some cases the outer conveyor may have flanges or plates on the edges thereof,
and projecting inwardly when in the vessel at right angles to its width, so as to
prevent the material falling over the ends of same when within the dyeing or
treating vessel.
When the invention is applied to the dyeing or treating of raw cotton or other
fibres, the roller supporting the outer conveyore at the outlet end of the apparatus
or vessel would be arranged approximately in the position of the rollers f--

page_text: Figure 1-so that the material would be lifted out of the apparatus by the two
conveyors coming closely together at this point.
In operation, the material to be dyed is fed in between the conveyors e and d,
and in such a manuer-say in zig-zag fashion-and in such quantity that the loosely
piled or accumulated charge fills the space between them, so that an accumulated
quantity of material would lie in the same annular vessel, and be subjected to the
liquid therein, and thus a large quantity of such material would be undergoing the
process of dyeing, bleaching, or other treatment at the same time, and within a
very small space.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The herein described improvement in or connected with dyeing, tinting,
bleaching, or similarly operating upon textile fabrics or fibres or analogous material,
consisting in feeding or supplying the material to be or being treated, in an
accumulated or piled form, and conveying it in this form by and between travelling
conveyors through a vessel containing the liquor with which the material is to be
treated operating substantially as in the manner herein set forth, for the purposes
specified.
2. Apparatus for dyeing, tinting, bleaching, or similarly operating upon textile
fabrics and fibres or analogous material, comprising a vessel for containing liquor
of the form of a semi-annulus, or similar vessel, through which suitable conveyor
devices pass, between which the material to be treated is accumulated, and by
which it is conveyed through said vessel and the liquor contained within it ;
operating substantially as in the manner and for the purposes specified.
3. The apparatus for dyeing, tinting, bleaching or similarly operating upon
textile fabrics or fibres or analogous materials, consisting of parts arranged,
combined, and adapted to operate, particularly as set forth with reference to and
shewn in the drawings hereto annexed.
Dated this 24th day of bo1001
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON, Fels. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.