IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS
Year: 1843

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPII
COOKE GRANT, of Stamford, in the County of Lincoln, Ironmonger and Agri-
cultural Implement Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Sixth day of July, in the seventh year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph
Cooke Grant, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Joseph Cooke Grant. my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Joseph Cooke Grant, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HARROWS;"
in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said Joseph
Cooke Grant, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: are up out of the way, will, when the upper part of the harrow is separated
from the cleansing apparatus, and that apparatus comes to or near the points of
the tines, cause the adhering soil and other matters to be removed from the tines
or teeth of the harrows. The scraping frames or apparatus i, i, are suspended
from the frame c, c, by the chains j, j, and the harrows a and b rest on the
cleansing or scraping frames or apparatus i, i, so that the harrows will swing
freely in the frame c, c, thus allowing the harrows freedom when passing over
undulating land, and the position of the harrows may be regulated by raising
or lowering the chains, as will readily be understood on examining the
Drawings; and it will be evident that although two harrows are suspended
in the frame c, c, other frames may be made suitable for only one harrow,
or suitable for more than two harrows; k, k, are the draught chains
to the harrows; and 1, 1, are the draught chains to the frame c, c, which
together with the draught chains of the fore wheel are attached to the
bar n, as is shown. When the harrows require cleaning, the harrows are
to be raised, so as to cause the tines or teeth of the harrows to pass through
the openings or holes i, i, of the scraping frame, by which the accumulated
soil or other matters will be removed from the teeth or tines. This may be
accomplished in various ways, but I believe that the arrangement of apparatus
shown in the Drawings will be found most convenient for this purpose. n', n',
are axes, one to each frame or apparatus i, i; to these axes the arms 0, 0, are
affixed, the axes n' turning in bearings on either side of the frames i, i, the
arms o, o, being combined together by the bars o', o¹, as is shown. To each of
the axes n', n, are affixed the arms p, p. These arms are connected by pin
joints to the arms 7, 7, the holes of which are long enough to allow of play
in passing the centres, the arms 9, 9, being affixed to the axes r, r, turning
in suitable bearings on either side of the frame c, and the slotted ends of the
arms p, p, and q: 9, embrace rollers, which are carried by the bars a, a, of
the harrows a and b; hence, it will be evident that when the arms o, o, are
depressed, the harrows will be raised, as is indicated by dotted lines in Figure I,
and the act of raising the tines will cause them in passing through the scraping
frames to be cleansed; and in addition to such advantage, the tines being
raised off the soil, will allow of the harrows being drawn from place to place
without the tines coming into action. s, s, are the handles or bars by which
the harrows are raised. These bars or handles are affixed to the swinging
frames t, suspended from the upper ends of the arms o, o, there being studs or
projections v, v, on the frames t, passing through slots or holes u, u, in the
arms 0, 0, as is shown. The lower ends of the frames t are suitably formed,
as shown, for stepping on the hinder bar of the frame c when the harrows are

page_text: at work; but when it is desired to raise the harrows, the frames t are to be
drawn back and depressed, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 1; and when
the tines are desired to be retained in an elevated position, the hooks or stops
w on the frames t, t, are to be brought under the bars a', ', supported by the
frame c, c, which will prevent the tines descending again till the frames t, t,
are released.
I would remark, that although I have only described harrows carried by
wheels, I do not confine myself thereto so long as harrows have cleansing
apparatus or scrapers combined therewith in such manner as to allow of the
tines being cleansed at one time; and although I believe that the tines will be
better scraped or cleansed by the scraper of each encompassing it on all sides,
I do not, however, confine myself thereto, as the scrapers may be otherwise
formed; but what I claim is, the combining apparatus with harrows for
scraping or cleansing the tines or teeth thereof, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Cooke Grant, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.