Year: 1885

page_text: I REGINALD STANLEY, of The Midland Tile Works, Nuneaton, in the county of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
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My invention has for object to provide a machine for boring or assisting to make
air courses or passages in coal, marl and other substances, chiefly for the purpose of
connecting roads by passages from one to another in order to obtain a supply, or
circulation of air while the roads are being formed.
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t
This object has heretofore generally been effected by hand labour by means of
picks and other tools and the operation was consequently very slow and often
involved the necessity of making a larger passage than is absolutely required for
the purpose of ventilation only.
In carrying out.my invention I construct the machine of a frame of suitable
construction which can be carried on wheels, and can be fixed in position when at
work to the top and bottom of the heading or place where it is worked, by means
of screws and wedges.
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In a suitable position in the frame which is made as narrow as possible to allow
working and passage room on either side are attached bearings, provided with
means for raising or lowering them in the frame as desired. These bearings carry
a double shaft one of which shafts is threaded and worked within the other shaft
or sleeve.
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The inner shaft projects beyond the outer shaft or sleeve at the back, and works
in the back bearing of the frame; the outer shaft extends from near this bearing.
to the front end of the machine and is there continued forward beyond. the inner
shaft; it works in the front bearing of the machine. If the outer shaft be caused
to revolve, and the inner shaft be held or partly held from turning it will be seen.
that the outside threaded shaft will be caused to advance or retire as it is turned
one way or the other. The outer shaft is caused to revolve by means of a spur
wheel having a fixed key and working on the outer shaft, the fixed key working
in a longitudinal slot-This spur wheel is prevented from travelling forward when
the outer shaft advances by the front uprights of the frame against which it
presses, and when the shaft is withdrawn it is prevented from travelling back-
wards, by being attached to the frame by hooked pins or otherwise but in such a
manner as not to prevent the said wheel from revolving. The said spur wheel is
ron..011
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page_text: driven by a worm, on a shaft carried by two bearings a crank handle being
provided on one or both ends for giving it the required motion. The bearings that
carry the worm shaft are provided with means for raising or lowering them in the
frame as may be desired.
To cause the outside threaded shaft to be withdrawn at a faster speed than
would be obtained by reversing the crank motion, a crank handle is attached to
the back end of the inner shaft, which when turned in one direction (the outer
shaft being prevented from revolving by the worm and engaging in the spur wheel)
causes the outer shaft to be withdrawn. The front end of the outer shaft is
threaded within to receive the back end of the boring shafts or other. means can be
employed for this purpose. These boring shafts are made in suitable lengths, and
are pinned or screw easily into one another and are attached as the boring
operation proceeds.
When the air course or passage has been bored to the extent of one length the
outer shaft is uncoupled and withdrawn, then another length is inserted and the
operation is proceeded with.-The lengths of boring shaft are surrounded by a
broad flanged worm or archimedean screw and revolve in the loose hole, working
on the bottom and carrying or partly carrying the weight of the boring shaft, and
when revolved in the right direction serve to expel the accumulated cuttings as the
boring progresses; the Hanged worm or screw is slightly less in diameter than the
bore hole, whereby it is enabled to turn freely-At the cutting end of the boring
shaft is a cross head for carrying the cutters; this cross head has two bevelled sides
for withdrawing the cuttings. Into the back of the cross head the boring shaft is
screwed The cutters are fixed into sockets in the front of the cross head, and are
arranged to cut out the whole of the material to make the bore hole except the
centre which is effected by a drill carried on a wormed shaft which projects for some
distance beyond the cutters, and serves to guide and steady them. The boring
shaft being screwed up tightly, the cutters will bore the hole slightly larger than
the diameter of the wormed flanges on the boring shaft, to allow of their working
freely and the weight of the cross head and cutters may be carried by wheels or
rollers connected by springs with the cross head.
Another mode of working is as follows:
By the set of the cutters the bore hole is made slightly larger than the diameter
of the cross head, this being effected by allowing a certain amount of play to the
joint between the first two lengths of the boring shaft, the diameter of the worm.
flanges or screw being alightly less than that of the cross head; the first length of
the boring shaft points slightly upward, allowing the outside cutters to be slightly
extended beyond the circumference of the cross head and making the bore hole
level, or in the direction required. The cross bead is carried on a round steel rod
attached to the cross head resting on the bottom of the bore hole, or may be carried
on sharp wheels fixed to the cross head and which turn on a pivot when the boring
bar is withdrawn, or by other suitable means that will enable the cross head to
turn freely.
I sometimes drive the boring shaft, by means of an ordinary cog wheel having a
fixed key working in the slot in the outer shaft into which wheel is geared a small
cog, keyed on a crank shaft, connected with one or more cylinders and driven by
compressed air water or steam power-or power may be obtained when the
cylinders are not in use by multiplying the cogs driving directly on the central
spur wheel and applying the power by hand by means of a crank, and an inter-
mediate shaft.

page_text: An Improved Boring and Air Coursing Machine.
I REGINALD STANLEY, of The Midland Tile Works, Nuneaton, in the county of
Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention has for object to provide a machine for boring or assisting to make
air courses or passages in coal, marl, and other substances, chiefly for the purpose
of connecting roads by passages from one to another in order to obtain a supply
or circulation of air while the roads are being formed or in other cases where a
connection large enough to serve for other purposes is not required.
This object has heretofore generally been effected by hand labour by means of
picks and other tools and the operation was consequently very slow and often
involved the necessity of making a larger passage than is absolutely required for
the purpose of ventilation only.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1, is a central longi-
tudinal section of a boring and air coursing machine constructed according to my
invention; figure 2 is a transverse section on line A, B of figure 1; figure 3 is a
face or end view of the cutters. Similar letters in all the figures represent similar
parts.
In carrying out my invention I construct the machine of a frame A of suitable
construction which is carried on axles B and wheels C, for the purpose of locomo-
tion on rails or otherwise and can be fixed in position when at work at the top and
bottom of the heading or place where it is worked, by means of set screws D as
shewn or it can be fixed in position by means of wedges or by other suitable
means.
:
Between the front and back uprights respectively of the frame A which is made
as narrow as possible to allow working and passage room on either side are
attached bearings E¹ and E' provided with means such as pins and nuts (not
shewn in the drawing) attached to the uprights for raising or lowering the bear-
ings in the frame A as desired. These bearings carry a double shaft F, G, one of
which shafts G is screw threaded and works within the other shaft or sleeve F
which is formed with a female screw.
The inner shaft G projects beyond the outer shaft or sleeve F at the back, and
revolves in the back bearing E¹ of the frame A; the outer shaft or sleeve F
extends from near this bearing to the front end of the machine and is there con-
tinued forward beyond the inner shaft G, it revolves and slides in the front.
bearing E of the machine. If the outer shaft or sleeve F be caused to. revolve and!
the inner shaft G be held from turning by means of a pin L. (shewn in dotted lines
in figure 1) which when required for this purpose is passed through the bearing El
into the shaft G or by other suitable means, it, will be seen that, the outer shaft or
sleeve F will be eaused to advance or retire along the inner shaft G, according as
the shaft or sleeve. F is turned one way or the other; or if the pin L be removed:
the shaft can be held from turning by holding the handle R in which case the

page_text: :
outer shaft F can be caused to advance at a slower or faster speed according as the
handle R is moved one way or the other. The outer shaft or sleeve F is caused to
revolve by means of a spur wheel I having a fixed key or feather a, over which
slides a longitudinal slot or groove b, in the periphery of the shaft or sleeve F.
The spur wheel I is prevented from travelling forward when the outer shaft F
advances by the front uprights of the frame. A against which (or against the
bearing E attached to the frame A) it presses, and when the shaft F is withdrawn
it is prevented from travelling backwards, by being attached to the frame by
hooked pins (not shewn in the drawing) or otherwise but in such a manner as not
to prevent the wheel I from revolving; H is a flange on the rear end of the outer
shaft or sleeve F for the purpose of preventing the said end when the shaft is
travelling forwards from passing through the spur wheel I thereby limiting the
forward movement of the shaft.
The spur wheel I is driven by a worm M fixed on a shaft O carried by two
bearings N, N, on the frame A of the machine, a crank handle P being provided on
one or both ends for giving it the required motion, to which crank I sometimes
attach an engine driven by compressed air, steam, water or other power; or other
Buitable means can be employed for giving motion to the shaft O.
The bearings N that carry the worm shaft O are provided with means such as
pins and nuts c, c, for raising or lowering them in the frame A as may be desired.
It will be obvious that the dimensions of the worm M and spur wheel I can be
varied according to the speed at which it is required to drive the shaft or sleeve F
or the amount of power required for the same.
's
To cause the outside threaded shaft or sleeve F to advance or be withdrawn at a
faster speed than would be obtained by reversing the worm M and spur wheel I by
the crank P, a crank handle R or its equivalent is attached to the back end of the
inner shaft G; the pin L which holds the shaft G fixed is removed and when the
shaft G is turned by its handle R, or otherwise (the outer shaft F being prevented
from revolving by the worm M engaging in the spur wheel I or by other suitable
means) the outer shaft or sleeve F will advance or be withdrawn according to the
direction in which the shaft G is rotated.
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The front end of the outer shaft or sleeve F is threaded within to receive the
back end of the boring shafts K carrying the cutters hereinafter described or other
means can be employed for this purpose.
When the outer shaft or sleeve F is drawn back to its fullest extent its front
end projects beyond the end of the inner shaft G a sufficient distance to allow the
first length of boring shaft K to be so attached.
These boring shafts are made in suitable lengths, and are fitted to each other by
means of sockets on their ends and are fixed by pins or cotters S, S, or otherwise;
or they can be adapted to be screwed into each other and they are attached as the
boring operation proceeds.
When the air course or passage has been bored to the extent of one length of
boring shaft K the outer shaft or sleeve F is uncoupled from the said length of
boring shaft K and withdrawn in the manner hereinbefore described; then
another length of boring shaft K is inserted between the first length and the outer 4
shaft F and the operation is proceeded with.-The lengths of boring shaft K, are
surrounded by a broad flanged worm or Archimedian screw d, and revolve in the
hole formed by the cutters; when the shaft K is revolved in the right direction
the flanged worm or screw d, serves to expel the accumulated cuttings as the
boring progresses. At the cutting end of the wormed boring shaft K is a cross 5
head T for carrying the cutters; this cross head has two bevelled sides e, for
withdrawing the cuttings. Into the back of the cross head the boring shaft is
screwed-The cutters U are fixed at intervals into sockets in the front of the cross
head T and are arranged to cut into the face of the material and make a circular
passage when the cross head is rotated and to cut out the whole of the material to 5
make the bore or hole except the centre which is cut out by a drill V carried on a
wormed shaft W¼which projects for some distance beyond the cutters Ụ and serves.

page_text: to guide and steady the cutters and shaft. The boring shafts K being screwed up
tightly the whole of the material will in this manner be removed from the face of
the coal or the like by the cutters U and V as the boring operation proceeds and
will be then carried back out of the passage or hole by the action of the worms or
screws d, on the boring shafts K; the cutters U will bore the hole slightly larger
than the diameter of the wormed flanges d, on the boring shafts and will thus
allow of their working freely.
In order to prevent the cross head T from dropping and causing the weight of
the shaft as well as its own weight to rest upon the drill V I fix on each side of
the cross head a wheel or wheels X turning on pivots attached to springs which
are in turn fixed to the cross head T; these wheels run round the passage or hole
when the shaft revolves and turn and run in a straight line when the shaft is
withdrawn thereby carrying the weight of the working end of the same.
wormed shafts K are attached in lengths as before described and can be continued
as far at it is desired to continue the passage; adjoining the shaft F a plain length
or lengths of shafting K may be used, that is to say a length without the worm or
screw d
.
The
Instead of employing wheels and springs as herein before described for carrying
the cross head it can be carried on half round steel blocks or rods surrounding or
partly surrounding and attached to the cross head and resting on the bottom of the
bore hole or by other suitable means that will carry the weight of the cross head
and worm shaft and enable them to turn and be withdrawn freely.
I sometimes drive the boring shaft by means of an ordinary cog wheel having a
fixed key working in the slot b, in. the outer shaft F into which wheel is geared a
small cog keyed on a crank shaft, connected with one or more cylinders and driven
by compressed air, water, or steam power-or power may be obtained when the
cylinders are not in use by multiplying the cogs driving directly on the central
spur wheel and applying the power by hand by means of a crank, and an
intermediate shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
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1. In a boring or air coursing machine the use of a double shaft arranged and
operating as and for the purposes herein before described.
2. In a boring or air coursing machine the cross head with cutters and drill in
connection with the worm of the shaft, the cross head being carried by spring
wheels or other suitable means as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and
represented in the accompanying drawing.
3. The improved boring or air coursing machine hereinbefore described, and
represented in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the bond day of Inl., 1994