MAKING SELF-SUPPLYING PORTABLE FOUNTAINS TO PLAY WATER OR WATER PRODHIMED
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Antoine Ephrem Galliard, 2, Seymour Place,
St. James' Churchyard, Clerkenwell, Middlesex, for the Invention of
"MAKING SELF-SUPPLYING PORTABLE FOUNTAINS TO PLAY WATER OR WATER
PRODHIMED "
Sealed the 1st April 1859, and dated the 9th October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Antoine Ephrem Galliard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th October 1858.
I, ANTOINE EPHREM GALLIARD, 2, Seymour Place, St. James' Church-
yard, Clerckenwell, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"MAKING SELF-SUPPLYING PORTABLE FOUNTAINS TO PLAY WATER OR WATER
PERFUMED," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the new application of gutta percha, india-rubber,
or elastic gum, employed as spring to press the water in an hollow cylinder.
In the application to my system of the leather cap plunger employed in the
manufactory of moderator lamps.
In the simplification of this sort of machines by the suppression of the pinion,
the rack, and the wire spiral spring employed till now, replacing them by a
rope enrolling round a windlass, and moving the tube and the rings in gutta
percha, india-rubber, or elastic gum used as spring.
In the introduction of the improvement of the plunger descending in the
cylinder by means of a central tube fixed at the top and at the bottom, which
conducts invariably the plunger, of which it forms the center, and on which it
is forced to slide in its moving from top to bottom.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Antoine Ephrem Galliard in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th April 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANTOINE
EPHREM GALLIARD, of 2, Seymour Place, Saint James' Churchyard, Clerken-
well, Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her Heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Antoine Ephrem Galliard, Her special licence that I, the said Antoine
Ephreme Galliard, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Antoine Ephrem Galliard, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "MAKING
SELF-SUPPLYING PORTABLE FOUNTAINS TO PLAY WATER OR WATER PERFUMED," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Atoine Ephrem Galliard, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Antoine Ephrem Galliard, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My Invention consists, 1st, in the new application of india-rubber, gutta
percha, or gum elastic, employed as springs to press the water in an hollow
cylinder.
2nd, the application to my system of the leather cap or plunger employed in
the manufactory of the moderator lamps; this cap is employed with another
similar cap in india-rubber, gutta percha, or gum elastic.
3rd, simplification and improvement of this sort of machine, by the suppres-
sion of the rack and pinion and wire spiral spring, replacing them by the india-
rubber and cord rolling round as upon a windlass.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, A, upper basin; 0, 0, 0, 0, cylinder absorbing the liquid put in tlie
basin A; B, filter through which the water is falling before going into the
cylinder 0, 0, 0, O; C, key of the cock Z; Q, key passing through the top of
the cylinder a little aside to the centre, very near to the central tube D, D;
D, D, longitudinal tube fixed in the concave bottom of the cylinder, and on
the centre it is continued till under the cock z; it has at the base many small
holes to allow the liquid to go into the interior. E, extremity of the key Q,
which has a perpendicular hole at its axis and outside opposite the entrance,
and receiving an iron pin to keep it in its place; F, thumb-screw placed in the
centre of the convexity of the bottom of the cylinder 0, 0, 0, 0, under and
directly opposite the central tube, it serves to empty the cylinder if it is wanted
to change the liquid. G, G, bottom of the cylinder O, 0, 0, 0, adjusted by a
screw by where the apparatus is connected and disconnected in caso of
cleaning or repairing; it has fixed on the centre in the interior a tripod
H, H, which has a tapped neck, where is screwed the inferior nut I, I,
of the india-rubber tube J, J; the central tube passes through the tripod
and the nut at half ray; on the said bottom there are two hooks S, S, each
one receiving an india-rubber band, which is also hooked to the hooks
T, T, underneath the piston L, L; H, H, tripod fixed to the bottom of
the cylinder; under the small arch formed by its feet is seen the tube D, D,
pierced with small holes at its base; I, I, nut with a deep groove outside,
to which the india-rubber tube J, J, is strongly attached with a strong
ligature; J, J, large and strong tubes of india-rubber, gutta percha, or gum
elastic, employed expressly to serve as a spring to the machine, because of its
elasticity; this tube J, J, and the elastic bands R, R, of the same matter,
are destined to bring again constantly to the bottom of the cylinder 0, 0, 0, 0,
the piston or sucker L, L; L, L, piston with leather and india-rubber tap,
composed of three distinct parts, Nos. 1, 2, 3. No. 1 is the body of the
piston with a central hole of the exterior dimension of the tube D, D, to
receive it and to allow it to slide all its length; the top is formed by a round
plate a little concave; the concave face is down; it has two rings M, M,
through which the winding-up cord passes. No. 2, leather and india-rubber
cap or plunger employed together, with the edges turned down in the shape of
a mushroom; it touches the inside of the cylinder; it has a hole in the centre,
and is passed through the body of the piston to the part that is tapped. No. 3,
round plate, a little concave, of the same dimensions as No. 1; it has also
a hole in the centre, and it passes also through the body of. the piston; the

page_text: concavity is in the opposite sense to that of No. 1; it has two hooks T, T,
where is retained the india-rubber bands R, R; K, K, superior nut of the
india-rubber spring tube J, J, which is attached in the same manner as
the inferior nut I, I,; it screws to the body of the piston, No. 1, presses the
leather and india-rubber plunger, No. 2, between the two concave plates, the
top one being fixed, and the inferior one, No. 3, moveable upon the screw tap
which work upon the nut K, K, upper strangulation of the elastic tube J, J,
acting power of the machine.
CONNECTING OF THE PISTON.
When the nut K, K, presses the plate, No. 3, the three pieces, Nos. 1, 2,
and 3, form only one body, constituting the piston L, L, by which the whole is
brought to the nut K, K, upon which is attached the india-rubber tube J, J,
also attached by the underneath part on the nut I, I, which screws to the
tapped neoked tripod H, H, fixed to the bottom of the cylinder O, 0, 0, 0.
N, N, cord passing through the rings M, M, while the two extremities tra-
verse the two holes P, P, in the shank of the key Q, where a knot at each end
keeps it from coming through; X, X, basin upon its pedestal, in the middle of
which the cylinder is vertically disposed.
ACTION TO THE MACHINE.
When the water is poured into the basin A it runs through the filter B,
going into the cylinder O, 0, 0, 0, above the piston L, L, fills it to the
filter B; till then the lower part of the cylinder is empty of liquid; then the
key Q is turned to the right or left hand side. The cord N, N, rolls round
the shank of the key Q as upon a windlass; the india-rubber J, J, and the
india-rubber bands R, R, lengthen. The cap of the piston gives way by the
weight of the liquid and of the atmospheric pressure; the liquid under it fills
up the lower part of the cylinder, while the piston L, L, slides on the central
tube D, D, and rises to the part Y, the spring tube J, J, and the bands R, R,
lending their elastic power till that point, when the piston is stopped by a
pin which crosses the central tube on letting go the key Q; then the tension
of the india-rubber J, J, and R, R, bring down strongly the piston L, L, to
the bottom of the cylinder, the piston widens its edges, touches the sides of
the cylinder, close it hermetically, and the water being pressed is forced on to
pass through the small holes at the base of the tube D, D, rise inside till the
cock Z, which being opened at the key C, it bursts out as a water spout.
The cord N, N, unrolls, and as well as the piston comes down; the water of
the spout falls in the basin A, and runs again through the filter B, then turns
again into the cylinder 0, 0, 0, 0, so as to be able to produce the same effect

page_text: by winding it up again. Fig. 2 shows the piston, three distinct parts loose,
and the india-rubber spring tube. Fig. 3 shews the india-rubber spring tube
with the grooved nuts, and is attached by a strong ligature, and the other is
separated opposite its place to shew the groove.
SUMMARY.
First, my Invention consists in the application of the elasticity of the india-
rubber, gutta percha, or gum elastic, to serve as acting power by its con-
traction; I claim this novelty till now never employed in the portable
fountains.
2ndly, the use of the band of india-rubber, gutta percha, or gum elastic, to
obtain the same effect, and to give assistance by its elasticity to the principal
acting power. I claim as my Invention the employment of the india-rubber,
gutta percha, or gum elastic, and the form that I have given it, to serve as a
spring to those sorts of fountains where all springs metallic are destroyed by
the oxidation produced by the contact of the water, which in decomposing it
becomes insalubrious and dangerous; whilst water is favorable to the con-
servation of the quality of the matter which I have named, the acting power
of which I claim.
3rdly, the novelty of constructing the cap of the piston in india-rubber.
4thly, by my improvement in the construction of these fountains of a central
tube conductor of the piston.
5thly, replacing by zinc all other metals dangerous to health, when these
fountains are employed for the perfuming.
The india-rubber is employed in its quality simple or composed, mixed, or
natural, vulcanized or not vulcanized, composed mixed with the gutta percha
or the gum elastic, according to the different use of these fountains.
The cylinder 0, 0, 0, 0, is often double, the exterior one is metal, the
interior one of glass, crystal, porcelain, delf, and all other kinds of pottery.
These fountains are also completed constructed in these different matters of
glass, crystal, porcelain, delf, and all kinds of pottery when they are constructed
in large proportions.
In witness whereof, I, the said Antoine Ephreme Galliard, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
A. E. GALLIARD. (L.S.)