Iμ- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Stell, of Hamerton Mills, Bradford, in
the County of York, Worsted Spinner, for the Invention of "Iμ-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR
DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES.” .
Sealed the 15th December 1871, and dated the 16th June 1871..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Stell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th June 1871.
I, MICHAEL STELL, of Hamerton Mills, Bradford, in the County of
York, Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven- .
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY.OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING,
OR DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:-
The first part of this Invention relates to the rollers of twisting frames,
and consists in having each top roller or pressing roller mounted on a
lever, the said lever being hinged on a stud pin in suitable position for

page_text: the said roller to be in contact with the bottom roller when twisting
with an adjustable weight applied on the opposite end adjusted so as to
cause the top roller to rise out of contact with the bottom roller when
one of the ends or threads break, such top roller being kept in contact
with the bottom roller only whilst more than one thread of single yarn
is in continuity or unbroken, the contact depending upon the pressure of
the yarn on the said lever.
The second part is adapted to both spinning, twisting, or doubling,
and relates to means of stopping the motion of the wharle together
with the tube and bobbin to obviate the necessity of grasping it with
the hand, or by pressing against it with the knee when it is needful to
stop a single wharle in order to piece a broken thread or correct any
other such irregularities for which stoppages are requisite whilst the
rest of the wharles are in motion, which consists in the application of
a lever hinged to the back part of the spindle rail, and arranged so that
when the bottom part is pressed backwards with the knee the top part
will come forward and press against the wharle and stop it.
The third part is equally adapted to spinning, twisting, and doubling,
and relates to the guards used as divisions for keeping the threads of
yarn in their velocity from running into and breaking each other, and
which are now of tin bent to and fastened with screw nails to the beam
or board, and the improvements consist in fastening such guards to
metal brackets, and those brackets screwed to the beam or board, by
which means I more effectually prevent such guards from being pushed
or bent out of their proper position, or I may also have guards made of
sheet steel instead of tin or other soft metals, whereby I not only get a
smoother surface but still more completely secure them from being
forced out of their proper place or shape.
The fourth part is adapted to spinning, twisting, and doubling, and
relates to the caps used in cap frames, and consists in having the bottom
or open end of said caps tipped with steel, or to have a short rim of
steel fixed thereon, thereby rendering them less liable to injury or
indentations, and by which method caps worn out or worn so as to be
too short may be refitted with the steel rim, and at a small cost be made
almost if not altogether as good as new.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Michael Stell in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th December 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
STELL, of Hamerton Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Michael Stell, Her special licence that I,
the said Michael Stell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Michael Stell, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING WORSTED, WOOLLEN, COTTON,
SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others);
that I, the said Michael Stell, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six. calendar.
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Stell, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Sheets of Drawings (that is
to say) :-
The first part of this Invention relates to the rollers of twisting frames,
and consists in having each top roller or pressing, roller mounted on a

page_text: the said roller to be in contact with the plain bottom roller when
twisting with an adjustable weight applied on the opposite end adjusted
so as to cause the top roller to rise out of contact with the bottom roller
when one of the ends or threads break, such top roller being kept in
contact with the bottom roller only whilst more than one thread of 5
single yarn is in continuity or unbroken, the contact depending upon
the pressure of the yarn on the said lever.
The second part is adapted to both spinning, twisting, or doubling,
and relates to means of stopping the motion of the wharle together with
the tube and bobbin to obviate the necessity of grasping it with the 1
hand or by pressing against it with the knee when it is needful to stop
a single wharle in order to place a broken thread or correct any other
such irregularities for which such stoppages are requisite whilst the rest
of the wharles are in motion, which consists in the application of a lever
hinged to the back part of the spindle rail and arranged so that when 1
the bottom part is pressed backwards with the knee the top part will
come forward and press against the wharle and stop it.
:
The third part is equally adapted to spinning, twisting, and doubling,
and relates to the "guards" used as divisions for keeping the threads of
yarn in their velocity from running into and breaking each other, and 2
which "guards" are now made of tin bent to and fastened with screw
nails to the beam or board, and the improvements consist in fastening
such "guards" to metal brackets, and those brackets screwed to the
beam or board, by which means I more effectually prevent such
"guards" from being pushed or bent out of their proper position, or I 2
may also have "guards" made of sheet steel instead of tin or other soft
metals, whereby I not only get a smoother surface but still more com-
pletely secure them from being forced out of their proper place or shape.
The fourth part is adapted to spinning, twisting, and doubling, and
relates to the caps used in cap frames, and consists in having the
bottom or open end of said caps tipped with steel or to have a short
rim of steel fixed thereon, thereby rendering them less liable to injury
or indentations, and by which method caps worn out or worn so as to
be too short may be refitted with the steel rim and at a small cost
be made almost if not altogether as good as new.
In order that this my Invention may be clearly understood I have
hereunto annexed two Sheets of Drawings, and have marked the same

page_text: with figures and letters of reference, the same letter referring to the
same part in the various views or Figures.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of part of a twisting frame shewing my
improvements attached; Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same, and
Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are detached views of parts drawn about full size.
""
The first part of this Invention, which relates to the rollers, is referred
to by the following letters:-A are the top rollers or pressing rollers
mounted on the levers B by means of the pins or studs C, which levers
are hinged so as to work on the stud pins E held in the standards or
brackets F. At one end of each of the said levers is a weight G
adjustable by means of the screwed or chased pin G', and at the other
end of each lever is an eye H through which the "end or thread
passes on its way to the bobbin I after twisting. The tensional strain
or pressure of the end or thread upon the eye H maintains contact
between the top roller A and the bottom roller J, such contact between
the said two rollers being dependent on the continuity of the thread
(that is to say), on an end or thread breaking the tension or pressure
of the thread on the eye H is removed, and the said lever will by means
of the balance weight G (being heavier than the top roller) tilt on its
fulcrum or stud pin C, and the top roller will thus become lifted or
raised clear of or above the bottom roller J so that the said rollers will
cease to draw the ends or threads forward. The apparatus as will be
seen is perfectly self-acting, and therefore by immediately stopping the
action of the rollers upon a thread when it breaks prevents the waste
of material.
The second part of this Invention relating to means of stopping
the rotation of the wharle, together with the tube and bobbin when
an end is broken or when from any other cause it is desirable to arrest
the motion of a single wharle; this is effected by means of the lever K
which is hinged or working on the pin L supported or carried by the
bracket M attached to the spindle rail N. The upper end of this
lever K is (as shewn) curved, and a hollow or recess P formed therein,
so that when pressure is applied to the plate R at the lowest part of
the said lever the hollow or recess will clip the wharle and by frictional
contact therewith immediately arrest the rotation of the wharle, spindle,
and bobbin.

page_text: "
The third part of my Invention relating to the "guards or division
plates used for the purpose of preventing breakage of the threads or
yarn by contact with each other is as follows:-According to this my
Invention the "guards" S are secured to metal brackets T, and these
brackets are screwed to the beam or board V, by which means the
said "guards" are effectually prevented from being pushed or bent out
of their proper position, and such " guards" by preference I make of
sheet steel as an additional precaution or for ensuring retention of
position and shape.
The fourth part of this Invention which relates to the caps used in
cap frames having the bottom or open end of the cap tipped with
steel is effected by turning the said bottom end on the outside for a
short distance from the end, then by forming a rim or ring of steel
slightly less in its interior diameter than the outer diameter of the
cap the said rim may then either be expanded by heating so as to
slip easily upon the turned part of the cap, or it may be driven upon
it in the cold state, and then in either case the said rim must be
turned smooth as usual. Caps made in this manner are rendered less
liable to indentations or injury, and also may when worn be refitted
with a new rim as described, and they can be made to the original or
desired length.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my
Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be carried into practical effect, I would have it distinctly understood
that I claim as my Invention,--
Firstly. The method and means shewn and described of main-
taining contact of the top and bottom rollers by the pressure and
continuity of the yarn, or of effecting a separation of the said rollers
when the yarn breaks, as and by apparatus herein described and
illustrated.
Secondly. The method of and apparatus for arresting the rotation
of a wharle, tube, and bobbin, as herein described and illustrated.
ML11
The mother of and means for coouring tho cuida adan

page_text: Lastly. The method of having cap tubes tipped with steel as and for
the purpose herein fully described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Stell, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Tasker & Brierley,
Patent Agents,
Halifax & Bradford.
MICHAEL STELL. (L.S.)