IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PAINTING OR COATING HOOP IRON AND OTHER STRIPS, BARS, RODS, OR OTHER SUCH ARTICLES OF METAL, WOOD, OR OTHER MATERIAL
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Alexander Fullarton, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Iron Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PAINTING OR COATING HOOP IRON AND OTHER
STRIPS, BARS, RODS, OR OTHER SUCH ARTICLES OF METAL, WOOD, OR OTHER
MATERIAL."
Sealed the 28th April 1863, and dated the 6th November 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Alexander Fullarton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th November 1862.
I, JOHN-ALEXANDER FULLARTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Iron Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PAINTING OR COATING HOOP
IRON AND OTHER STRIPS, BARS, RODS, OR OTHER SUCH ARTICLES OF METAL, WOOD,
OR OTHER MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to that description of machinery in which rotatory
brushes are employed. These brushes I mount on the outside of the frame-
work so as to admit of the article being applied longitudinally to the operating
parts, whereby I am enabled to leave a portion thereof unpainted if desired.
Also I employ a table furnished with travelling chains or similar apparatus,
whereby the articles to be painted or similarly coated are successively brought
under operation, a series of nipping rollers being used to move them forward;
and I employ change wheels for suiting the operation of the machine to articles
of different lengths.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Alexander Fullarton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th May 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
ALEXANDER FULLARTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Iron
Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Alexander Fullarton, Her special license that I, the said John
Alexander Fullarton, my executors, "administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Jolin Alexander Fullarton; my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the. Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PAINTING OR COATING HOOP IRON
AND OTHER STRIPS, BARS, OR RODS, OR OTHER SUCH ARTICLES OF METAL, WOOD, OR
OTHER MATERIAL," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said John
Alexander Fullarton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Alexander Fullarton, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
My Invention refers to that description of machinery in which rotatory
brushes are employed, and consists in an arrangement whereby the articles
are successively presented to the painting or coating apparatus, and in such
manner that a portion of each of such articles may remain unpainted.
In the accompanying Drawings the machine is shewn in two views, Fig. 1
being a plan or top view, and Fig. 2 a side view with the feeding apparatus
removed, it being taken about the line A, B, of Fig. 1.
The framework of the machine is shewn at a, on the outside of which the
operating parts now to be described are placed. At 6 is a trough which holds

page_text: g
the paint or other matter to be applied; within this trough is a roller c which,
as it revolves, has the superfluous paint removed from it by a doctor d, after
the manner of rollers used in printing machines. Above the roller c is another
roller e which conveys the paint or other such material to a revolving brush f..
Above this is another revolving brush 9 receiving paint from a roller h, which
paint is fed to it by a roller i situate within a color trough k and furnished
with a doctor . At m, m*, is another pair of revolving brushes, and between
them and the other pair is a pair of nipping rollers n, n*, which, as hereinafter
to be described, convey the hoop iron through the operating brushes. At o is
a table, beneath which are three endless chains p mounted upon hexagonal
rollers
q, the front ones being carried by a shaft r; a detached view of a
portion of one of these chains is shewn at Fig. 3. The main driving shaft of
the machine is shewn at s, it being that of the revolving brush, m*. On this.
shaft is a pinion t gearing into another u upon the shaft of the other revolving
brush m, and thus these two parts of the machine are put into motion. Upon
the shaft m is a pinion v gearing into another pinion w upon the shaft x of
the lower nipping roller n, the shaft y of the upper nipping roller n* being
driven by pinions at z. Upon the shaft x is a pinion 1. gearing into a pinion 2
upon the axis f* of the revolving brush f, the other revolving brush 9 being
caused to rotate by the two shafts being geared together at 3. The roller e is.
driven from the shaft f* by a pinion, and there is another pinion communi-
cating rotatory motion to the roller c. Upon the axis of the revolving brush g
is the above-mentioned pinion 3, which also drives the roller h, and from
thence the color roller i is caused to revolve by gearing 4. At 5 is a shaft
upon which are four spur wheels 6, 7, 8, 9, mounted loosely thereon, but
capable of being made fast therewith by means of clutch boxes 10* sliding
with a feather thereon. These wheels 6, 7, 8, 9, are in gear with pinions
10, 11, 12, 13, attached to a shaft 14, which is driven by means of the
gearing 4; by these means, therefore, motion may be communicated to the
shaft 5 through any one of the four wheels 6, 7, 8, 9, accordingly as the
clutch boxes 10* are moved in or out. And as these wheels are of different
diameters the said shaft may be caused to revolve slower or quicker as desired.
Upon the shaft 5 is a pinion 15 taking into a star wheel 16 mounted upon a
stud 17 which drives, by means of spur wheels, a shaft which, carries a bevil
pinion 18 taking into another 19 fixed to the shaft r, upon which are mounted
the hexagonal pullies q, over which the endless chains p pass. These chains
are furnished with projecting parts 20 which extend through slits formed
in the table o. The shaft of the top nipping roller n, the two brushes
m, 9, and the roller h, are mounted in a separate piece of framework 21,
-

page_text: which is capable of sliding upward and downward in guides 22, so that the
said parts may be moved upward bodily; and in order to admit of this motion
of the several shafts they are mounted on the other side of the machine in
bearings 23 capable of swivelling. Upon the shaft r is a tappet 24 (see the
detached view, Fig. 4) which, as it revolves, arrives in contact with a lever 25
connected at 26 to the above-mentioned separate piece of framework 21. This
lever is thus caused to turn upon a centre 27 and raise the brushes g, m,
nipping roller n*, and color roller h.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-The attendant places the hoop
iron or other such articles to be painted upon the table o, they being adapted
in series between the projecting parts 20 of the chains p. Motive power being
now applied to the main shaft s the several parts will be caused to revolve by
the gearing above described in the directions of the arrows, and one of the
clutch boxes 10* being put into gear the shaft 5 will be driven, and from
thence an intermittent motion will be communicated to the shaft 28 by the
star wheel 16, and from thence by the bevil wheels 18, 19, to the shaft r, and
thus the chain will be caused to advance at intervals. This motion of the
shaft r will, however, bring the tappet 24 to act upon the lever 25, whereby
the brushes m, g, nipping roller n*, and roller h, will be raised, and imme-
diately upon this having taken place the advance of the chains P will have
carried forward one of the articles to be painted and will have deposited it
between the nipping rollers n, n*, as shewn by the red line in Figs. 2 and 3.
The tappet 24 then quitting the lever 25, the separate piece of framework 21
will again descend, aided by a weight attached thereto, and the nipping rollers
will have firm hold of the hoop iron or other article, and as they are continually
revolving they will move the said hoop iron forward in the direction of the
arrow immediately they nip it, drawing it between the brushes, f, g, m, m*,
the former of which, being supplied with paint as above described, effect the
required coating. The two brushes m, m*, are finishing brushes to distribute
the paint more equally, and are only supplied with paint by running in contact
with the article under operation. It will be seen from the above description
that as the nipping rollers revolve a constant length of the article will be
passed onward in a given time, a provision is necessary therefore for delaying
or accelerating the intervals at which the chains p shall effect their feed,
so that they may act more slowly when a comparatively long article is to be
operated upon, and it is for this purpose that the change wheels are employed.
These, it will be seen, are of different diameters, and by using one instead of
another the required variation in the rate of feed may be accomplished; any
number may of course be employed; those shewn in the Drawing are designed

page_text: to meet the requirements of the different lengths of hoop iron employed by
packers. When the chains have delivered the article to the nipping rollers
the said chains remain, as above described, stationary during the painting
thereof, and the projecting parts act as supports and guides for the article as
it passes onward. It will now be seen that by my Invention the articles are
successively presented to the operating parts, but as the ends thereof are
adapted clear of the apparatus which supplies the coating material, such ends
will remain unpainted, a condition which is required in the painting of hoop
iron in use by packers, and to which purpose my Invention is peculiarly
applicable. At 80 is a gauge, against which the attendant places the end of
the articles so as to cause them to enter the machine in the right situation,
and this gauge is adjustable on the table to answer for different lengths.
At 31 are strips projecting a little above the table and which may be used to
prevent the article from resting, throughout its length, on the said table.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner of carrying the same into effect, I desire it to be understood that
I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent, and
for the purposes above set forth, the use of the apparatus above described,
whereby the articles are successively fed sideways to the operating parts and
are left uncoated at one end.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Alexander Fullarton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JOHN ALEXR. FULLARTON. (L.S.)