Improvements in and relating to Bakers' or Heating Ovens.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th July, 1891-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Bakers' or Heating Ovens.
I, JAMES HASTIE of Glengonner, Cambuslang, Lanarkshire, Baker, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved mode and
means of and composition or material for being used to form the heating soles or
bottoms of bakers' or other ovens, and which will be equally efficient and stand the
heat better and be more durable and less expensive than those of the "flag" or
"whin" stones, or tiles, heretofore used for this purpose.
The improvements consist all as follows.-In forming the soles or bottoms of a
new composition or material, preferably in two layers. The lower layer would be
built or laid to a depth of say 5 or 6 inches on a foundation preferably of brick-
work, or lime concrete, and would consist of a mixture of concrete preferably
broken bricks and cement with the addition of salt, preferably in the proportion of
about 4 to 7 parts of concrete to 1 of cement, and from th to lb. of salt per
cubic foot of material; and these three ingredients would be well mixed together
before being laid and levelled into the bottom of the oven.
The second or upper
layer of material would extend to a depth preferably of from about 1 to 3 inches
above the lower layer and would consist of a mixture of Portland or equivalent
cement with sea or other sand, or pulverized granite, or a mixture of both, with the
addition of salt and sugar molasses. These ingredients would preferably be in the
proportions of about 1 part of Portland cement and 2 of sand or pulverized granite,
or 1 part of each if the three be used together. The salt would in this layer be
in the proportion of from about to 1 lb. per cubic foot of material, and the sugar
molasses from about 3th to 1 lb. per cubic foot. And the whole ingredients of
the composition would be well mixed together and laid above the under layer to
form a flat or level surface as the bottom of the oven on which the bread would
be baked. The compositions of each layer would be mixed and laid much in the
usual manner that ordinary concretes are laid; and in some cases the under layer
may be dispensed with and the upper layer be made deeper as say 4 or 5 inches
and laid on a strong and yielding foundation of brick or lime cement, but this
would be more expensive.
Dated the 18th October 1890.
W. K. M. THOMSON & CO.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Bakers' or Heating Ovens.
I, JAMES HASTIE, of Glengonner, Cambuslang, Lanarkshire, Baker, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved mode and
means of and composition or material for being used to form the heating soles or
bottoms of bakers' or other ovens, and which will be equally efficient and stand
the heat better and be more durable and less expensive than those of the "flag" or
"whin" stones, or tiles heretofore used for this purpose.
The improvements consist, and may be carried into practice all as follows:- In
forming the soles or bottoms of a new composition or material, preferably in two

page_text: layers. The lower layer would be built or laid to a depth of say 5 or 6 inches on
a foundation preferably of brickwork, or lime concrete, and would consist of a
mixture of concrete, preferably broken bricks and cement, with the addition of
salt preferably in the proportion of about 4 to 7 parts of broken bricks to 1 of
cement, and from th to lb. of salt per cubic foot of material; and these three
ingredients would be well mixed together before being laid and levelled into the
bottom of the oven. The second or upper layer of material would extend to a
depth preferably of from about 1 to 3 inches above the lower layer and
would consist of a mixture of Portland or equivalent cement with sea or other
sand, or pulverised granite, or a mixture of both, with the addition of salt and
sugar molasses. These ingredients would preferably be in the proportions of
about 1 part of Portland cement and two of sand or pulverised granite, or 1 part
of each if the three be used together. The salt would in this layer be in the
proportion of from about lb. to 1 lb. per cubic foot of material and the sugar
molasses from about th lb. to 1 lb. per cubic foot. And the whole ingredients of
this composition would be well mixed together and laid above the under layer
before it has " set or dried, so that both layers would adhere and "set" together
and form a flat solid body, properly levelled and polished on top as the bottom of
the oven on which the bread would be heated. The compositions of each layer
would be mixed and laid much in the usual manner that ordinary concretes are
laid; and in some cases the under layer may be dispensed with and the upper layer
be made deeper as say 4 or 5 inches and laid on a strong unyielding foundation of
brick or lime concrete, but this would be more expensive.
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The herein described method of forming the soles or bottoms of bakers'
or heating ovens, consisting in first putting down a layer of concrete material, and
then before this has "set or dried, placing above it an upper layer of compound
cement and sand or granite material, substantially as and in the manner set forth.
Second. The herein described composition for forming the soles or bottoms of
bakers' or heating ovens, consisting of an under layer of concrete material, and
an upper layer of compound Portland or equivalent cement with sand or granite,
and preferably salt and sugar molasses, substantially as and in the manner set
forth.
Third. The herein described composition for forming the soles or bottoms, or
upper surface of these, in bakers' or heating ovens, consisting of a compound of
Portland or equivalent cement with sand or granite, and preferably salt and sugar
molasses, substantially as set forth.
Dated the 16th July 1801
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.