Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating and Cooling Liquids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating and Cooling Liquids.
We, ERNEST GEORGE SCOTT, of 67 Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Consulting Chemist, and FRANK WALTER SCOTT, Junior, of
44, Christian Street, Commercial Road, in the County of London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates to apparatus designed to evaporate liquids which are hot
but not necessarily boiling and in so doing to cool them so as to enable them to
take further quantities of low degrea heat with a view to their evaporation.
The improved apparatus comprises a long chamber preferably circular and with
an outlet on the side close to the top, the said outlet being provided with an air
extractor such as a fan or pump and an air inlet near the bottom.
At the top of the said chamber is a smaller chamber the bottom of which is
formed of a plate perforated with fine holes. The whole apparatus is mounted on
a base or bed plate which forms a cistern, the said cistern being connected with the
suction of a pump.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
"
Taking hot water as the liquid to be dealt with it is pumped or allowed to flow
by gravity into the small top chamber from which it flows through the perforations
and falls into the cistern forming the base in fine tliin streams. At the same time
air is drawn through these fine streams by the extractor whereby it becomes
saturated with steam and water (so cooling the liquid) and is discharged at the
outlet. By this means we compel the coolest air to traverse first the coolest water
and the hottest air the hottest water so obtaining the greatest possible effect from
a given quantity of air.
Evaporation is caused by the fine streams of hot water being entirely surrounded
by air in motion and as the beat cannot be given off except by evaporation, there
is no loss by radiation. The pump above mentioned draws the cooled water from
the base plate cistern and returns it to the apparatus by which it is heated.
Dated this 2nd day of February 1893.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating and Cooling Liquids.
We, ERNEST GEORGE SCOTT, of 67, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Consulting Chemist, and FRANK WALTER SCOTT Junior, of
44, Christian Street, Commercial Road, in the County of London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
itatement:-
This invention relates to apparatus designed to evaporate liquids which are hot
but not necessarily boiling and in so doing to cool them so na to enable them to
take further quantities of low degree heat with a view to their evaporation.
The improved apparatus.comprises a long vertical chamber or hollow column
preferably circular and with an outlet on the side close to the top, tho said ontlet
being provided with an air-extractor or oxhauster such as a fan or pump and an
in inlet near the bottom

page_text: At the top of the said chamber is a smaller chamber or tank the bottom of which
is formed of a plate perforated with fine holes. The whole apparatus is mounted
on a base or bed-plate which forms a cistern, the said cistern being connected with
the suction of a pump.
To enable our invention to bo fully understood we will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :—
Figure 1 is a front elevation of our apparatus; and,
Figure 2 is a plan of the same :
Figure 3 is a side elevation; and,
Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4, Figure 1.
a is the vertical chamber or hollow column, and b is the base-plate upon which the
same is mounted, the said base-plate being made hollow so as to form a cistern. c in.
the tank upon the top of the column a, the bottonid of the said tank being provided
with perforations through which the liquid to be treated flowe, the said perforations
being surrounded on the underside of the plate with small flanges or nozzles so as to
ensure the water being kept in separate streams.
e is the air-exhauster which is fixed over an opening in the side of the column a
and serves to cause an upward current of air through the said column, the
air entering the column at the base through the openings, shewn most clearly in
Figures 1 and 8.
is the pump which serves to withdraw the cool liquid from the cistern in the
base-plate band to again return it to an evaporator or other apparatus. As shown
in the drawings the pump is represented as being of the centrifugal type but it is to
be understood that any other suitable form of pump may be employed.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
-
Taking hot water as the liquid to be dealt with it is pumped or allowed to flow
by gravity into the small top chamber c from which it flows through the perforations
in the plate d and falls through the column into the cistern in the base & in fine
thin streams. At the same time air is drawn by the exhauster e through the
column in a contrary direction to the liquid, whereby it becomes saturated - with
steam and water (so cooling the liquid) and is discharged at the outlet. By this
means we compel the coolest air to traverse first the coolest water and the hottest.
air, the hottest water so obtaining the greatest possible effect from a given quantity
of air..
Evaporation is caused by the fine streams of hot water being entirely surrounded
by air in motion and as the heat cannot be given off except by evaporation there is
no loss by radiation. The pump g draws the cooled water from the base-plate
cistern and returns it to the apparatus by which it is heated.
It is to be understood that the apparatus may be made of any suitable form, that
is to say, the column a, instead of being made round as shewn, may be made square,
octagonal or of any other suitable shape and, if desired, we may employ two or
more exhausters.
In some cases we find it advantageous to arrange baffle-plates inside the column
in order to more or less retard the downward flow of the liquid.
By the use of our apparatus wherein the liquid to be cooled and the air travel in
opposite directions we are enabled to evaporate liquids by waste condenser heat,
that is to say, water or liquors to be evaporated after having become heated in the
condenser of an ordinary evaporating or distilling apparatus, or the like and having
absorbed heat in that condenser are evaporated by the heat they have absorbed,
whereby the liquor being treated can he again used for cooling the condenser, the
evaporation of such liquor taking place in the process of cooling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. In apparatus for evaporating and cooling liquids, causing the liquid to be
cooled to fall in streams through a column through which currents of air in
་-

page_text: an opposite direction are also caused to pass, substantially as, and for the purpose,
described.
2. In apparatus for evaporating and cooling liquids, the combination of a vertical
chamber or column having a tank at the upper end into which the liquids to
be evaporated are introduced and from which they flow through perforations into
the column, and a cistern at the lower end of the said column for catching the cool
liquid, an exhauster placed on one side of the column for inducing currents of air
therethrough and a pump for withdrawing the liquid from the cistern at the
bottom of the column, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
3. The manufacture and use of the improved apparatus for evaporating and
cooling liquide hereinḥefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.