IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARRANGEMENTS AND CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDES to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I, CHARLES FREDERIC HENWOOD of 6 Billiter Street in the City of London
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARRANGEMENTS AND CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDES to be as follows:-
"
This invention has for its object, Improvements in the arrangements and
construction of velocipedes, whereby I am enabled to combine in one machine two
methods of propelling i.e. by the hands or manual action and by the feet or pedal
action, in such a manner as to be used as either separately, and not in combination,
at the same time that I am enabled to simplify the construction and arrangement
of the parts forming the machine by which means the cost of manufacture may be
considerably reduced and the convenience and cheapness of velocipede riding
greatly increased.
In carrying out my invention of this combination for the manual propulsion part
of the machine, I provide one or more vertical or inclined levers suitably placed, on,
at either or both sides, of the machine or centrally, which works, or work, on a
suitable joint or joints, fulcrum, or fulcrums attached to the lower part or parts of
the framing, formed by preference of steel or iron tubing, which is, or may be,
suitably formed or extended to admit of this being done and to their lower end or
ends, the connecting rod or connecting rods which actuates or actuate the driving
crank or crauks, or parts, is or are connected by a suitable joint or joints or other
convenient connection or connections. The upper end or ends of these levers
extends or extend to a suitable and convenient height above the fulcrum or
fulcrums to enable it or them to be conveniently actuated by the rider by pulling
it or them to, and thrusting it or them from him; and when two levers are
employed I join or connect them together at their upper ends, by means of a cross
bar or handle, so that the action of the rider in operating the apparatus may be on
the longitudinal central line, and so conduce to steadiness of motion, and on or at
the ends of this cross-bar or haudle, suitable guide wheels, or their equivalents,
working on, in, or in parts attached to, the framework, are or may be provided.
When one lever is used which by preference is placed centrally a cross head or
bundle at its upper end is employed, and a suitable guide or guides is, are, or may
be provided. By the employment of a single lever I am able to produce a much
cheaper and simpler machine and avoid the use of an expensive framework.
TD cl

page_text: The axle or shaft which carries the machine and rider, as well as the propelling
or actuating parts, is or may be formed in two parts, when double levers are used,
coupled at the centre, which coupling may also form a bearing and the driving or
propelling wheels may be made to revolve with their axles, or on them by the aid
of ratchet wheels and palls or frictional gearing.
The steering or guiding wheel is placed by preference in front of the machine,
and the steering or guiding is performed by the feet. When using this manual
method of propulsion the position of the rider is like that of a sculler, and he is
enabled to bring into play the like exercise of the muscles as exists in rowing.
The seat for the rider may be made adjustable, so as to suit the height of the
rider, and is or may be fitted with suitable india rubber or other springs to prevent
discomfort from jerks or rough roads, and the foot board or stretcher may also be
made adjustable.
The break is or may be attached to the hinder end of the machine and in the
single arrangement the break may act on the hub of the driving wheel or wheels
and be actuated by hand. In the case where a single lever is used for the manual
propulsion, the framework would be single composed of a longitudinal portion,
with a suitable cross piece at the driving wheels to carry the parts, placed
centrally.
In carrying out my invention of this combination, for the pedal or foot
propulsion part of the machine, suitable treadle cranks working in convenient
bearings, attached to or connected with the frame work, which is prolonged or
otherwise suitably arranged to carry it or them, are provided, and by the simple
act of disconnecting the connecting rod or rods from the actuating lever or levers,
and connecting it or them to the treadle crank or cranks, taking care in the case of
a two lever machine to set one of the cranks on the driving axle at the top of its
revolution, and the other at the bottom, or so as to match the position of the
treadle cranks which may easily be done by means of the coupling at the centre of
the driving axle, the machine is at once converted into a foot propelled velocipede.
In this second mode of propulsion, the steering of the velocipede is performed by
hand by means of a lengthening rod or tiller conveniently placed for the purpose.
By the arrangements herein before described it will be seen that I am enabled to
combine in one machine, the two distinct features of manual propulsion, and
propulsion by the use of the feet so that the owner is thereby enabled in onc
imachine to possess the double advantages of being able to use it as either, and so
avoid the necessity of obtaining two separate machines one actuated by the hands
or manual power, and the other by the feet or pedal action.
In the case of the manual propelling arrangement I may sometimes arrange it to
be worked by the arrangement of rowing levers and parts, shown and described in
the patent No. 4048 granted to William Henry Thompson and Francis Giles
Henwood, and bearing date Nov. 27th 1880 or any suitable modification of
'the same.

page_text: "
I, CHARLES FREDERIC HENWOOD of 6 Billiter Street in the City of London
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARRANGEMENTS AND CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDES and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement; reference being had to the accompanying drawings and
to the letters and figures marked thereon that is to say :—
This Invention has for its object Improvements in the arrangement and
construction of velocipedes, whereby I am enabled to combine in one machine, two
methods of propelling i.c. by the hands or manual action, and by the feet or pedal
action, in such a manner as to be used as either separately, and not in combination,
at the same time that I am enabled to simplify the construction and arrangement
of the parts forming the machine, by which means the cost of manufacture may be
considerably reduced and the convenience and cheapness of velocipodo riding
greatly increased.
In carrying out my invention of this combination for the manual propulsion part
of the machine I provide one or more vertical or inclined levers suitably placed on
either or both sides of the machine or centrally which works or work on a suitablo
joint or joints, fulcrum or fulcrums attached to the lower part or parts of the
framing formed by preference of steel or iron tubing which is or may be suitably
formed or extended to admit of this being done, and to their lower ends or end, the
connecting rod or connecting rods which actuates or actuate the driving crank or
cranks, or parts, is or are connected by a suitable joint or joints or other convenient
connection or connections. The upper end or ends of these levers extends or extend
to a suitable and convenient height above the fulcrum or fulcrums to enable it or
them to be conveniently actuated by the rider by pulling it or them to, and
thrusting it or them from him; and when two levers are employed I join or
connect them together at their upper ends, by means of a cross bar or handle so
that the action of the rider in operating the apparatus may be on the longitudinal
central line and so conduce to steadiness of motion, and on or at the ends of this
cross bar or handle, suitable guide wheels, or their equivalents, working on, in, or
in parts attached to, the framework are or may be provided. When one lever is
used which by preference is placed centrally a cross head or handle at its upper
end is employed, and a suitable guide or guides is, are, or may be provided By
the employment of a single lever I am able to produce a much cheaper and simpler
machine and avoid the use of an expensive framework.
The axle or shaft which carries the machine and rider, as well as the propelling
or actuating parts, is or may be formed in two parts when double levers are used
coupled at the centre, which coupling may also form a bearing and the driving or
propelling wheels may be made to revolve with their axles, or on them by the aid
of ratchet wheels and palls or frictional gearing.
The steering or guiding wheel is placed by preference in front of the machine
and the steering or guiding is performed by the feet by any suitable or convenient
arrangement, the hand connections being disconnected. When using this manual
method of propulsion the position of the rider is like that of a sculler, and he is
enabled to bring into play the like exercise of the muscles as exists in rowing.
The seat for the rider may be made adjustable, so as to suit the height of the
rider, and is or may be fitted with suitable india rubber or other springs to prevent
discomfort from jerks or rough roads, and the foot board or stretcher may also be
made adjustable,

page_text: The break is or may be attached to the hinder end of the machine (and in the
single lever arrangement the break may act on the hubs of the driving wheel or
wheels) and be actuated by hand. In the case where a single lever is used for the
manual propulsion the framework would be single composed of a longitudinal
portion with a suitable cross piece at the driving wheels to carry the parts placed
centrally.
In carrying out my invention of this combination, for the pedal or foot
propulsion part of the machine, suitable treadle cranks working in convenient
bearings, attached to, or connected with the frame work, which is prolonged or
otherwise suitably arranged to carry it or them, are provided see Fig 7 and by the
simple act of disconnecting the connecting rod or rods froin the actuating lever or
levers, and connecting it or them to the treadle crank or cranks taking care in the
case of a two'lever machine 'to set one of the cranks on the driving axle at the top
of its revolution and the other at the bottom, or so as to match the position of tho
treadle cranks which may easily be done by means of the coupling at the centre
of the driving axle or as shown on the drawings a chain or chains sprocket wheels
may be used, the machine is at once converted into a foot propelled velocipede.
In some cases I may use a pitch chain and sprocket wheel or wheels as shown in
the drawings.
In this second mode of propulsion, the steering of the velocipede is performed by
hand by means of a lengthening rod or tiller conveniently placed for the purpose.
By the arrangement hereinbefore described it will be seen that I am enabled to
combine in one machine, the two distinct features of manual propulsion, and
propulsion by the use of the feet so that the owner is thereby enabled in one
imachine to possess the double advantages of being able to use it as either, and so
avoid the necessity of obtaining two separate machines one actuated by the hands
or manual power, and the other by the feet or pedal action.
In the case of the manual propelling arrangement I may sometimes arrange it to
be worked by the arrangement of rowing levers and parts, shown and described
in the Patent No 4948, granted to William Henry Thompson and Francis Giles
Henwood and bearing date November 27th 1880 or any suitable modification of
the same.
When the hand steering is disconnected as when the machine is to be propelled
by the feet the parts may be stowed under the seat and strapped to the framework.
Having thus described the said invention I will now proceed to describe the
same by the aid of the accompanying sheet of diagrams in which,
Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation.
Figure 2 a plan.
Figure 3 an end elevation, looking at the machine from the rear.
Figure 4 a front elevation, and Figure 5 a side elevation of the hand propelling
part, showing the lower end of I and the lever H, with its forked upper end for
connecting the same to the frame A.
Figure 6 shows the cranked axle E E, with the crank F, and the driving
sheave D'.
Figure 7 shews arrangement without sprocket wheels and chain.
The letters of reference denote similar parts in each of the diagrams.
A A the framing which may be formed of metal tubing arranged as shown for
allowing the attachment of the cranked axle, and bearings (formed as shown in
Figure 3) at the lower ends of the bent down parts A¹ A¹.
BB a horn or projection dependent or projecting from the underside of the
main frame A A to carry the sheave or sprocket wheel D which is actuated by the
pedals C C and by means of a pitch chain or other suitable connection shown by
the dotted lines, communicates the motion to the propelling sheave D¹ attached to
the driving axle E and so propels the machine.
CC the pedals used when the machine is operated by the feet.
E E the cranked axle, which also carries the propelling sheave D1 for the pitch
chain, and to the crank F of which the motion of the hand lever I is transmitted

page_text: by means of the connecting rod G and lever H, when hand power is used. F G H
and I the propelling parts employed when the machine is operated by hand.
KK driving wheels L leading and steering wheel.
M the lever which actuates the leading wheel by means of the connecting rod M¹,
when operated by the handle M2, and so guides the machine. This is disconnected
when hand actuating is employed and the steering is done by the feet.
NN the adjustable foot board or stretcher.
O O the adjustable seat and spring arrangement for deadening the shocks, arising
from rough or uneven ronds.
PI break levers.
In concluding I may remark I do not claim as of my invention any of the parts
individually as new, except when combined together and acting in the manner to
produce the machine or apparatus hereinbefore described, and as illustrated in the
accompanying sheet of diagrams.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination of parts acting in the manner to produce the combined
velocipede herein before described.
2. The combined velocipede illustrated in the accompanying sheet of diagrams.
CHAS F. T. YOUNG, C.E.,
Consulting Engineer for Patents,
For the Applicant.