AN IMPROVED BREAK FOR CARRIAGES WITH POLES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Feridoon Hankey Smith, of Ludgate Hill, in the City
of London, Engincer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED BREAK FOR
CARRIAGES WITH POLES."
Sealed the 14th March 1856, and dated the 18th September 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Feridoon Hankey Smith
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th September 1855.
I, FERIDOON HANKEY SMITH, of Ludgate Hill, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
BREAK FOR CARRIAGES WITH POLES" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in working a break by the action of the horses when
being stopped or pulled up. I fit a lever to the end of the pole, which is con-
nected at one end to the pole chains or straps attached to the collars of the
horses, and at the other end the lever has connected to it a rod, which extends
behind the front or back wheels, and carries a break bar, to which two breaks
or shoes are fitted. On the pole chains being drawn back, the break rod bar
and breaks are drawn forward and arrest the progress of the wheels. I
vide a spring which is sufficiently powerful to release or pull back the break
bar and breaks as soon as the pole chain is slackened.
pro-

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Feridoon Hankey Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 15th March 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FERIDOON
HANKEY SMITH, of Lndgate Hill, in the City of London, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Feridoon Hankey Smith, Her special licence that I, the said Feridoon
Hankey Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Feridoon Hankey Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED BREAK FOR CARRIAGES WITH POLES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Feridoon Hankey Smith, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Feridoon Hankey Smith, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in working a break by the action of the horses when
being stopped or pulled up. I fit a lever to the end of the pole, which is con-
nected at one end to the pole chains or straps attached to the collars of the
horses, and at the other end the lever has connected to it a rod, which extends
behind the front or back wheels, and carries a break bar, to which two breaks
or shoes are fitted. On the pole chains being drawn back, the break rod bar
and breaks are drawn forward and arrest the progress of the wheels. I pro-
vide a spring which is sufficiently powerful to release or pull back the break
bar and breaks as soon as the pole chain is slackened.

page_text: Figure 1 is a perspective view of so much of a carriage as is necessary to
shew the manner in which I carry my Invention into effect; Figure 2, an
elevation, on a larger scale than Figure 1, of the front of a carriage pole, with
fitting for working the break. A, A, is a forked lever (one of the forks being
removed in Figure 2), working on a fulcrum on an iron or steel cap B,
attached to the end of the pole E. C is a rod, connected at one end to the
lower arm of the lever A, A, carried in eyes D, D, under the pole. The inner
end of the rod is threaded to receive the link and swivel hook F, shewn
detached in Figure 3. G is a chain, which connects the swivel and rod to a
transverse break bar H, suspended from the under part of the carriage by rods
J, J, connected by joints K, K; L, L, are shoes or segmental blocks on the
bar H, H; M is a spring for holding back the break bar and shoes when not
brought against the wheels by the pulling up of the horses. The forked ends
of the lever A are connected by chains or straps to the horses' collars. As soon
as the horses are pulled up, the forked ends of the lever are drawn backward,
and the lower arm a consequently forward, which, pulling with it the rod, link,
chain, and break bar, and overpowering the spring M, brings the shoes or
blocks against the wheels. To prevent the breaks acting, if desired, to back
the carriage, I insert a wedge N behind the forked lever, whereby its play is
prevented. The break may be applied behind the fore wheels or hind wheels,
or behind both the fore and hind wheels, as desired.
And having now described the nature of iny said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the improved break
herein-before described, made to act when pulling up the horses through a
swinging lever carrying the pole chains or straps.
In witness whereof, I, the said Feridoon Hankey Smith, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of March, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-six.
FERIDOON H. SMITH. (L.S.)