Improvements in and connected with the Means for Keeping Liquors under Carbonic Acid during Transport and Store.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th June, 1896-Accepted, 18th July, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Means for Keeping Liquors
under Carbonic Acid during Transport and Store.
I, ALFRED FRIEDEBERG, of 85 Chaussee Strasse of Berlin, Kingdom of
Prussia, German Empire, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The vessels, bottles or jars for keeping liquors, especially beer, under carbonic
acid during transport and store, which have come in vogue of late, are possessed
with a number of drawbacks that greatly diminish the value of the thing. It is,
for instance, not favorable to attach the carbonic acid reservoir to the cover or lid
of the vessel, and to let said reservoir reach down into the interior of the vessel,
or into the neck of the same respectively, in that said reservoir in that case
can be but small, and the carbonic acid must, therefore, possess a comparatively
high tension or pressure. This necessitates the use of a reduction valve which
not only greatly increases the price of the apparatus, but also makes it undesirably
complicated, and is, moreover, very liable to get out of order. Furthermore,
in case the metal reservoir containing the carbonic acid shall be hindered
from coming in contact with the beer there is requisite a vessel, bottle or
jar of unnecessary size, which, of course, makes the handling of the vessel
difficult. Finally, cleaning the vessel, and filling the same, can be effected only
after a rather extended dismounting of the various parts, which cannot, by any
means, be considered as advantageous for the continuous good working of the
apparatus.
The above said drawbacks, as well as some other ones of less importance, are
done away with by the improved arrangements hereinafter described. The main
particularities of said arrangements consist, first, in a carbonic acid reservoir of
considerably larger size than employed hitherto being situated below the vessel,
bottle or jar, and special outer pipes connecting said large reservoir with the
fittings arranged upon the cover or lid or stopper of the vessel. Said connecting
pipes are preferably arranged diametrically opposite one to the other, and are
curved so as to form handles, so that a special protecting basket with a handle
or handles may be dispensed with. The two pipes just mentioned (one of which
may, in fact, be replaced by a solid rod or bar, as one pipe proper is sufficient
for establishing the communication between the carbonic acid reservoir and the
interior of the vessel) are at their upper ends connected with a horizontal tube that
is arranged upon the cover or stopper of the vessel, bottle or jar, in such a manner,
that the connection between said pipes may quickly and easily be interrupted in
every desired moment. Said horizontal pipe contains instead of a reduction valve
a specially constructed cock that is rigidly connected with the main cock for letting
out the beer; if, therefore, this main cock is operated the other cock for the
carbonic acid is operated, too, and is opened and closed always together with the
said main cock.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing,
in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different views, and in
which:
Figure 1 is a side-view of my improved apparatus, a portion of the upper part and
a portion of the lower part being in section.

page_text: Figure 2 is another side-view of my apparatus, the latter being seen at right
angles to the former view, and
Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 4-5 of Figure 1.
same.
Referring to said figures a is the vessel or jar and 6 the stopper of the
c is the carbonic acid reservoir which is arranged below the vessel a.
Two pipes d d arranged one diametrically opposite to the other extend upwards
from said reservoir c, but only one of said pipes (d) is in proper inner connection
with c.
The stopper is at its upper end broadened or enlarged so as to form a sort
of cover or lid, and this latter is furnished with a few horizontal projections 2
serving as supports for a bent horizontal pipe e. One end (e) of this pipe
is connected to the pipe d afore mentioned, whereas the other end (e2) of said
pipe e terminates into the stopper b. The connection at e' is effected by means
of a screw cap f, and a similar connection is made between the upper end of
the other vertical pipe (d) and that portion of the pipe e which is situated
diametrically opposite to the end of the latter. Said connection between
the pipes d and e is such a one that the carbonic acid gas is not allowed
to pass from the reservoir e through the pipe d into the pipe e, and I wish to
call attention to the fact, that the pipe d' may well be replaced by a solid
rod or har.
It is to be seen from the above, that, first, the carbonic acid contained within
the reservoir c may possess but a slight tension. This slight tension affords the
possibility of dispensing with a special reduction valve as has already been
mentioned in the preamble. Second, the special arrangement and connection of
the pipes d d and e affords the possibility of connecting the bottle or jar with the
whole of the fittings simultaneously with establishing the connection between said
pipes, and there may therefore any other special means for connecting the jar with
the fittings be entirely dispensed with.
The stopper holds the rising pipe g, the upper end of which is closed by a screw
cap g. The rising pipe g carries shortly below said screw cap a cock h the plug
of which is of special construction, in that said plug is provided with a circum-
ferential groove instead of with a bore. Said groove does not extend around
the whole circumference of the plug, but is interrupted or broken by a suitably
arranged portion of the plug lying flush with the other or main portion of the
latter.
Another cuck o is inserted into the carbonic acid pipe e, and the plug o of said
second cock is rigidly connected with the plug 4 of the cock h, so as to be able to be
operated, i.e. opened and closed, together with said first cock. The cock ool serves
not only for establishing and interrupting the connection between the two portions
of the pipe e, but serves also as a substitute for the reduction valve formerly
required. This faculty of the cock in question results from the particular
configuration of the plug o¹, in that the circumferential groove of the same (which
forms a substitute for a bore) decreases in width from its end to its commencement,
in such a manner, that said commencement passes finally entirely over into the
mantle-surface of the plug. This is distinctly to be seen in Figure 2, and it is
further to be seen from Fig. 3, that said groove of the plug o' extends not wholly
around the mantle surface cf this plug.
If the cock o o' is opened, the carbonic acid passes first through the narrowest
section of the groove of the plug, and this section increases together with the
progressing turning or opening of the cock. The flow of the carbonic acid from
the reservoir to the bottle or jar may, therefore, be regulated perfectly at will, and
the flow ceases in the same moment in which the cock h¹ is closed.
In order to obtain a tight connection between the jar a and the stopper & there is
not only arranged a special tightening ring i between the stopper b and the adjacent
portion of the neck of the jar a, but the whole apparatus is, moreover, furnished
with a special device permitting of moving the jar against the stopper. Said
device consists of a metal ring k, Figure 2, that encompasses the lower portion of

page_text: The
the jar or bottle a. The ring & carries some screws that rest upon suitably
arranged supports or brackets m extending upwards from the reservoir c.
ring k may, therefore, be raised together with the bottle or jar a by turning the
screws in the direction of the hands of a clock, and the bottle a is thereby
pressed against the stopper 6 which is retained in its former position from
reservoir c by the mediation of the pipes d and d¹.
The carbonic acid pipe d is furnished with a three-way-cock n that serves for
filling the bottle a with beer, as well as for filling the reservoir c with carbonic
acid. This is performed in the following manner:
Supposed, all the parts afore described be in their proper or final connection,
the cocks and o are fully opened so that the widest section of the circumferential
groove of the plug o' is intercalated between the two portions of the horizontal
pipe e. The plug of the three-way cock n is now adjusted in such a manner that
the upper portion of the pipe d communicates with the outer air, and thereafter
the beer supply pipe (not shown) is introduced into the pipe g as far as to
cover the inner end of the cock h. The beer is now allowed to stream through the
pipe g into the jar a, and the air displaced by the beer is allowed to escape at e 2
through the first portion of the pipe e, the circumferential groove of the plug o',
the second portion of the pipe e, the upper portion of the pipe d and through the
After the bottle a has been properly filled, the cocks h and o are closed,
and the cock n is adjusted in such a way, that the lower portion of the pipe d, or
the reservoir c respectively, communicates with the outer air.
The cock n is then
cock n.
connected to a carbonic acid cylinder, and reservoir c is filled with the requisite
quantity of said gas, whereafter the plug of the cock n is turned in such a way,
that the two portions of the pipe d are set in due connection. The carbonic
acid cylinder is then removed from the apparatus, and the latter is now fit
for use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven.
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The combination with a vessel adapted to receive a liquor, of a reservoir
adapted to receive carbonic acid, and being arranged below said vessel; fittings
for connecting the inner of the latter with the inlets and outlets for the liquor
and the carbonic acid, and a connection or connections between said fittings and
said reservoir, for the purpose as described.
2. The combination with a vessel adapted to receive a liquor, of a reservoir
adapted to receive carbonic acid, and arranged below said vessel; fittings for
connecting the inner of the latter with the inlets and outlets for the liquor and the
carbonic acid, and a pipe-connection or pipe-connections between said fittings and
said reservoir; said pipe or pipes being bent so as to form a handle or handles, for
the purpose as described.
3. The combination with a vessel adapted to receive a liquor, of a reservoir
adapted to receive carbonic acid, and arranged below said vessel; a horizontal pipe
arranged upon the stopper of said vessel; a vertical pipe or pipes extending from
said reservoir up to said horizontal pipe; means for detachably connecting said
pipes, and fittings for connecting the inner of the vessel with the inlets and outlets
for the liquor and the carbonic acid, for the purpose as described.
4. The combination with a vessel adapted to receive a liquor, of a reservoir
adapted to receive carbonic acid, and arranged below said vessel; a horizontal pipe
arranged upon the stopper of said vessel; a vertical pipe or pipes extending from
said reservoir up to said horizontal pipe; means for detachably connecting said
pipes; a ring taking around the lower portion of the said vessel; screws adapted
Lo raise said ring together with the vessel against the stopper of the latter; a
support or supports for said screws, and fittings for connecting the inner of the
vessel with the inlets and outlets for the liquor and the carbonic acid, for the
purpose as described.

page_text: 5. The combination with a vessel adapted to receive a liquor, of a reservoir
adapted to receive carbonic acid and arranged below said vessel; fittings for
connecting the inner of the latter with the inlets and outlets for the liquor and the
carbonic acid; a pipe connection or pipe connections between said fittings and said
reservoir and a cock for letting out the beer; and another cock for letting the
carbonic acid pass from said reservoir into the said vessel; the plugs of said cocks
being rigidly connected one to the other, for the purpose as described.
6. The combination with a vessel adapted to receive a liquor, of a reservoir
adapted to receive carbonic acid and arranged below said vessel; fittings for
connecting the inner of the latter with the inlets and outlets for the liquor and the
carbonic acid; a pipe connection or pipe connections between said fittings and said
reservoir, and a cock for letting out the beer, and another cock for letting the
carbonic acid pass from said reservoir into the said vessel; the plug of said second
cock having a circumferential groove increasing in width from its commencement
to its end, for the purpose as described.
Dated this 16th day of June 1896.
ALFRED FRIEDEBERG,
By Geo. H. Rayner,
Agent for the Applicant.