IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW-CUTTING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon and
Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 1, Rue Laffitte, Paris, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCREW-CUTTING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by Daniel Morrell,
of Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1880.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Laffitte,
Paris. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW-CUTTING MACHINES." [A communication from
abroad by Daniel Morrell, of Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America.]
This Invention relates to screw cutting machines, and has for its object to increase
the productiveness of that class of machines having a reciprocating carriage and a
revolving turret or tool holder.
This object is accomplished by adding to the said machine a speed changing
mechanism whereby the carriage is moved forward at low speed, the tool of the
turret then operating upon the rod, after which the said carriage is moved back-
ward at a much higher or increased rate of speed than that at which it was moved
forward, the period of lost time of the machine, as when the tools are inoperative
and the carriage is being retracted, or retracted and partially advanced, and the
turret is being revolved, being thereby reduced to the minimum.
In practice the increase in speed is sufficient to nearly double the product of the
machine.
This Invention consists essentially in the combination with the carriage and its
tool-carrying turret, and a shaft and cams to move the carriage, of a shaft, and
mechanism to automatically drive it and the cam shaft at a slow speed while a tool
of the turret is operating upon the end of the rod, and to thereafter drive it at a
greater or higher rate of speed while the carriage is being retracted or the tools of
the turret are inoperative, as herein described.
Also, in the cam-shaft, its disk and cams combined with a belt shipper to shift
the belt from a fast to a loose pulley, and vice versa, on a shaft which drives the
cam-shaft.

page_text: Also, in the shaft, its loose ratchet wheel and attached gear, a pawl to hold the
ratchet, and a pulley and gear attached to the said shaft, combined with a pulley
loose on the shaft, and a pinion carried by it, the said pinion engaging both tooth
gears, as hereinafter set forth.
The frame of usual shape has a cam-shaft, on which is a hub or cylinder provided
as usual with cams, which are to act upon the stud of the carriage, fitted in guide-
ways, and reciprocate the said carriage longitudinally, causing its turret, provided
with one or more tools, and revolved in any usual manner, to (during the forward
motion of the carriage) act upon the end of a rod to either reduce or cut a screw
thread upon its end.
The rod to be operated upon will be held in and revolved by a spindle having
the usual fast pulley and two loose pulleys (one having a crossed and the other a
straight belt to rotate the spindle in opposite directions alternately), to run the rod
into and then out from the threading die carried by the turret, the said crossed and
straight belts being placed under the control of a belt-shipper acted upon at suitable
intervals by two adjustable cams on a wheel.
A cross slide carrying the part which is to hold the usual cutting off tool is
reciprocated by levers acted upon by a cam and pin connected with a disk.
The cam shaft carries a worm toothed pinion which is engaged and rotated by a
worm on the prime-motor shaft, driven at its highest or fastest speed when the
driving belt is on the fast pulley, which is the pulley occupied by the driving belt
during all the time that the carriage is being retracted, and also while it is being
moved forward to place a tool of the turret in contact with the end of the rod to be
operated upon, at which time the belt is suddenly shifted upon the loose pulley of the
speed changing mechanism, the said pulley and its connections operating to there-
after reduce the speed of the machine or shafts while the tool which is then at the
front of the turret operates upon the rotating rod.
This pulley is a loose pulley, and it is provided with a stud, upon which is
placed a small loose pinion long enough to engage the teeth of two toothed-gears of
equal diameter, the one being fast on the shaft, and having one tooth more than
the other toothed gear fast upon the ratchet wheel loose on the said shaft, the said
ratchet wheel being engaged by a pawl which acts to prevent it from being moved
in a direction contrary to the direction of rotation of the shaft.
In practice, a proper reduction of speed is gained by providing the second gear
with twenty one teeth, and the first gear with twenty teeth.
While the driving belt is on the fast-pulley, and the shaft is being revolved to
rotate the cam shaft at its highest speed, the loose pulley, its small gear, and the
first and second gears and ratchet all moved forward together with the shaft, but
as soon as the driving belt is shifted upon the loose-pulley, that pulley immediately
becomes the driver for the toothed gear shaft and cam shaft.
A small pinion is carried by the loose pulley, and rotating about the gears in
engagement with them, owing to the fact that the gear fast on the shaft bas one
more tooth than the first gear held fast by the pawl and ratchet, moves the second
gear forward one tooth during each complete revolution of the pulley, the speed
of the second gear being thereby reduced to onę twentieth of that of pulley, the
slow speed of the machine prevailing during the time the tool of the turret on the
forwardly moving carriage is operating upon or is cutting a rod.
The belt for alternately driving the two pulleys is shifted at the proper times by
a belt shipper pivotted and provided with a pin or stud, which at the proper time
is acted upon by adjustable cams, a cam carrying disk, one or more cams shipping
the belt upon the loose pulley, and one or more cams shipping it upon the fast-
pulley, the intervals between the times of shipping the said belt depending upon
the time it is desired the fast or slow motion of the machine to be operative.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd July 1880.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents,. of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 1, Rue Laffitte,
Paris. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW CUTTING MACHINES." A communication from
abroad by Daniel. Morrell, of Hartford, Connecticut, United States of America,
Engineer.
This Invention relates to screw-cutting machines, and has for its object to
increase the productiveness of that class of machines having a reciprocating
carriage and a revolving turret or tool-holder.
This object is accomplished by adding to the said machine a speed-changing
mechanism, whereby the carriage is moved forward at low speed, the tool of the
turret then operating upon the rod, after which the said carriage is moved
backward at a much higher or increased rate of speed than that at which it was
moved forward, the period of lost time of the machine as when the tools are
inoperative, and the carriage is being retracted, or retracted and partially
.advanced, and the turret is being revolved, being thereby reduced to the minimum.
In this present application it has been considered unnecessary to show more
of a screw-cutting machine than will explain this present Invention.
In practice the increase in speed is sufficient to nearly double the product of the
machine.
This Invention consists essentially in the combination with the carriage and its
tool-carrying turret, and a shaft and cams to move the carriage, of a shaft and
mechanism to automatically drive it and the cam-shaft at a slow speed while a tool
of the turret is operating upon the end of the rod, and to thereafter drive it at a
greater or higher rate of speed while the carriage is being retracted or the tools of
the turret are inoperative, as herein described.
Also, in the cam shaft, its disc and cams, combined with a belt-shipper to shift
the belt from a. fast to a loose pulley, and vice-versa, on a shaft which drives the
cam-shaft.
Also, in the shaft, its loose ratchet wheel and attached gear, a pawl to hold the
ratchet, and a pulley and gear attached to the said shaft, combined with a pulley
loose on the shaft, and a pinion carried by it, the said pinion engaging both toothed
gears, as hereinafter set forth.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a screw-cutting machine provided with these
present improvements, and Figure 2, an end view thereof.
The frame a, of usual shape, has a cam-shaft b on which is a hub or cylinder c
provided as usual with cams d, e, which are to act upon the stud fof the carriage g
fitted in guideways h, h, and reciprocate the said carriage longitudinally, causing
its turret i, provided with one or more tools, and revolved in any usual manner, to,
during the forward motion of the carriage, act upon the end of a rod to either
reduce or cut a screw thread upon its end.
The rod to be operated upon will be held in and revolved by the spindle j
aving the usual fast-pulley k and the loose pulleys l, m, (one having a crossed and
the other a straight belt to rotate the spindle in opposite directions alternately) to run
the rod into and then out from the threading die carried by the turret i, the said
crossed and straight belts, not shewn, being placed under the control of a belt-shipper n
cted upon at suitable intervals by the adjustable cams 2, 3, on the wheel k.
The cross-slide o carrying the part o' which is to hold the usual cutting off tool
s reciprocated by the levers o² acted upon by the cam o³ and pin o* connected with
lisc o³.
The cam-shaft 6 carries the worm toothed pinion p which is engaged and rotated
y the worm 7 on the prime-motor shaft r driven at its highest or fastest speed
when the driving belt is on the fast pulley 8, which is the pulley occupied by the
riving belt during all the time that the carriage is being retracted, and also while

page_text: it is being moved forward to place a tool of the turret i in contact with the end of
the rod to be operated upon, at which time the belt is suddenly shifted upon the
loose-pulley t of the speed changing mechanism, the said pulley and its connections
operating to thereafter reduce the speed of the machine or shafts r; b, while
the tool, which is then at the front of the turret, operates upon the rotating rod.
This pulley t is herein shown as a loose-pulley, and it is provided with a stud
upon which is placed a small loose pinion u long enough to engage the teeth of two
-toothed-gears w, x, of equal diameter, the one x being fast on the shaft r, and
having one tooth more than the toothed gear w fast upon the ratchet wheel a² loose
on the said shaft r, the said ratchet wheel a being engaged by a pawl b which acts ]
to prevent it from being moved in a direction contrary to the direction of rotation
of the shaft r.
In practice a proper reduction of speed is gained by providing gear a with twenty
one teeth and gear w with twenty teeth.
While the driving belt is on fast pulleys and the shaft is being revolved to ]
rotate the shaft b at its highest speed, the loose pulley t, its small gear, and the
gears w, x, and ratchet all move forward together with the shaft r, but as soon as
the driving belt is shifted upon the loose pulley that pulley immediately becomes
the driver for the shafts and b.
The small pinion u carried by the loose pulley and rotating about the gears w, x, .
in engagement with them, owing to the fact that the gear fast on the
shaft has one more tooth than the gear wheld fast by the pawl and ratchet,
moves the gear x forward one tooth during each complete revolution of the pulley t,
the speed of gear being thereby reduced to one twentieth of that of pulley t, the
slow speed of the machine prevaling during the time the tool on the turret
forwardly moving carriage is operating upon or is cutting a rod.
The belt for alternately driving these two pulleys s, t, is shifted at the proper
times by a belt shipper c² pivoted at ds and provided with a pin or stud e², which
at the proper time is acted upon by the adjustable cams f", g³, on the cam-carrying
disc h², one or more cams 92 shipping the belt upon the loose pulley t and one or
more cams shipping it upon the fast pulley 8, the intervals between the times of
shipping the said belt depending upon the time it is desired the fast or slow motion
of the machine to be operative.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,-
1st. In a screw cutting machine the combination with the carriage and its tool-
carrying turret, and a shaft and cams to move the carriage of a shaft and
mechanism to automatically drive it and the cam shaft at a slow speed while a
tool of the turret is operating upon the end of a rod, and to thereafter drive it at a
greater or higher rate of speed while the carriage is being retracted, or the tools of
the turret are inoperative, substantially as described.
2nd. In a screw-cutting machine, the cam-shaft b and its disc, and cams f², g²,
combined with a belt shipper to shift the belt from a fast to a loose-pulley, and
vice-versa, on a shaft which drives the said cam-shaft, substantially as described.
3rd. In a screw-cutting machine, the shaft r, its loose ratchet-wheel and attached
gear, and a pawl to hold the ratchet, and a pulley and gear fast to the said shaft,
combined with a pulley loose on the shaft and a pinion u carried by it, the pinion u
engaging both toothed gears, substantially as and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (LS)