Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, MORLAND MICHOLL DESSAU, of The Grot, The Green, Ealing, in the County of
Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres, its object being the construction of a
new and simple type of wire fastening for securing the same to the rim of the
wheel.
The wire cord or equivalent fastening, hereinafter spoken of for the sake of
convenience as a wire fastening, is according to this invention so constructed and
arranged that whilst it will retain the tyre on the rim quite firmly and without any
risk of accidental displacement, it can with great facility be slackened or released
in a manner which will permit of the removal of the whole tyre or either edge
thereof from the rim with much greater facility that wired-on tyres as hitherto
usually constructed.
According to this invention a single wire or two or more wires so connected as
to constitute in effect a single piece of wire, is so formed as to extend around both
edges of the tyre in approximately parallel circles; beginning for example with
one end of the wire it extends from a point in the tyre edge right round the
circumference upon one side, returning to the same point and thence crossing the
tyre to a place on the opposite side and there being bent back so as to return again
around the companion edge of the tyre and present the other end of the wire at
the place last referred to, both the extreme ends of the wire being connected up
to the contiguous portions in proximity to the cross piece or yoke in such a manner
that the said yoke can move along the circumference of the tyre relatively thereto.
Normally the yoke is retained by the air valve or by an attachment thereto or by
some other retaining device in such a position as to keep the wire circles
contracted to a desired minimum diameter, such that they cannot move clear of the
rim, and consequently will keep the tyre secured in its place. But by removing
the retaining device the ends of the wire rings where they join to form the yoke can
be slid along through or relatively to the adjacent portions of the rings formed by
the ends of the single wire, so as to increase the diameter of the wire rings to an
extent which will enable them to be very readily moved clear of the rim to release
the tyre.
The yoke or cross connection need not be an integral portion of the wire of
which the two rings are composed, although such a construction is very cheap and
convenient.
An alternative construction is one in which a single wire is bent back upon itself
at two points so as to form an almost complete annulus of parallel wires, bent into
one or more loops, hooks. or the like, at the meeting ends of the annulus, these
hooks or loops being intended to interlock to complete the annulus and being so
shaped that when thus interlocked they form receptacles for retainers which may
conveniently consist of a portion of the air valve and projections on its washer or
base plate, which serve, as in the previous example to keep the two rings at the

page_text: desired minimum dimension, but when removed enable them to lengthen
circumferentially.
A further alternative form is one in which the looped portions of the twin
annulus of wire are engaged by collars or other means so as to provide between
the overlapping looped ends a space for the retaining device which when removed,
as in the previous instances, permit these looped ends to move relatively to one
another in such a manner as to increase the circumferential dimension of the
annulus.
Although in the preceding description this invention is described with reference
to the application of one ring to each annulus of the corresponding edge of the
tyre, a twin annulus might be applied to each edge or one edge might be
otherwise secured to the rim and the other edge controlled by a twin
annulus.
Doted this 24th der of A 1907
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, MORLAND MICHOLL DESSAU, of The Grot, The Green, Ealing, in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres, its object being the construction
of a new and simple type of wire fastening for securing the same to the rim of
the wheel.
In the accompanying perspective drawings
Figure 1 is a view of a wheel-rim with a tyre (which is partly in section)
secured upon it by one construction of retaining-device according to this
invention;
Figure 2 is a view showing, apart from the tyre, the wire employed in the
construction illustrated by Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a view of a wheel-rim with a tyre (which is partly in section)
secured upon it by an alternative construction of retaining-device according to
this invention;
Figure 4 is a view showing, apart from the tyre, the wires employed in the
construction illustrated by Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a view of a construction similar to that which is shown in Figure 1,
except that in Figure 5 the looped portions of the wires, instead of engaging with
the valve body engage at their ends in the manner illustrated with hooks secured
to the edges of the tyre.
Figure 6 illustrates a construction which is the same as that shown in Figure 5
except that the loops A¹ of Figure 5 are dispensed with, the wires being formed
in some such manner as is illustrated in the view Figure 7 of the pair of
wires apart from the tyre whence it may be seen that the hooks A³ replace
the loops and engage (see Figure 6) adjacent portions of the tyre edge.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
In the construction illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 there is a single "endless "
wire A received in the edges of the tyre cover B in two pockets B¹.
The "endless wire A is bent back upon itself, as shown, at two places, so as
to form two loops A¹. The annulus of wire thus formed, and illustrated separately
n Figure 2, is of such dimensions that when the tyre is inflated the loops A'

page_text: a
"
overlap or pass each other in the manner shown in the drawings, and are kept
overlapping by the valve D which extends into the loops and is engaged at
opposite sides by both of them as shown in Figure 1, the valve thus forming
key" which resists the tendency of the air to increase the circumference of
the wire annulus, Figure 2, by moving the loops A¹ clear of each other to an
extent which would enable the wire to leave the rim C. Removal of the tyre
from the rim may be very readily effected if the valve body (connected in the
usual manner with the air tube which is not shown in the drawings) be forced
outward from the centre of the wheel so as not to take up any of the space
within the loops, one of which can then be moved clear of the other into the
position indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 1, thus increasing the circumference
of the annulus illustrated by Figure 2 to such an extent as to make it easy to draw
each edge of the tyre over the rim.
Although in the construction illustrated the loops A¹ are integral portions
of the wire A of which the annulus shown in Figures 1 and 2 is composed,
they may be constituted by any equivalent connection extending across from one
wire of the annulus to the other and connecting the two wires in the way in which
the loops connect them.
Moreover the "key" which enters the loops need not be the valve body, nor
need a "key" be used, for any convenient fixed or removable projection from the
rim or equivalent retaining-device serving to hold the overlapped ends in the
desired relationship to each other could be used instead of it.
In the construction illustrated by Figures 3 and 4 a twin annulus of the
kind illustrated in Fig. 2 is applied to both the edges of the tyre cover B. To
keep each of these annuli contracted the valve D is provided with projections
or has its end plate turned up as at D¹ to enter the loops A¹ in the manner
illustrated by Fig. 3 when the latter are overlapped. By pushing the valve D
outwards from the centre of the wheel the projections DI can be disengaged
from the loops A¹, which can then be drawn apart to permit such increase in the
circumferential dimension of each annulus as may be necessary to allow the tyre
edge in which it is contained to be drawn over the rim. Any convenient
retaining-device for the loops A' may be employed on the rim in substitution for
the valve D.
A's an alternative to the construction illustrated by Fig. 3 one edge only of the
tyre might be provided with a twin annulus, the other edge being cemented or
otherwise permanently fastened to the rim.
In the construction illustrated by Fig. 5 which is akin to that illustrated in Fig. 1,
the two loops a¹ of a single wire or cord such as is shown in Fig. 2, instead of being
held in their overlapping position by engagement with the opposite sides of the
valve body, or with the rim engage with hooks B2 secured to the tyre cover, and
so arranged as to keep the loops overlapped. The wire A of the twin annulus
should be free to slide in the pockets B₁ of the tyre cover B in which it is
contained.
When the tyre-cover thus constructed is inflated it tends to increase its circum-
ferential dimension, that is to say to increase its length, as measured along the
rim. In doing so it pulls the loops A¹ attached to the edges of the cover away
from each other in the direction indicated by the arrows in the drawing; this
movement is resisted by the wire A, the loops A¹ of which acted upon by the
hooks B² moving in the direction indicated by the arrows causing a pull to be
exerted on the wire which will shorten the circumferential dimension of the tyre
edges.
Removal of the tyre can readily be effected by disengaging one or both of the
loops A after deflation of the air tube from the hooks B2, whereupon the tire can
be readily removed from the rim.
In the construction illustrated by Figs. 6 and 7 the loops A¹ are dispensed with
so that in each edge of the tyre there is an annulus of a single wire A, the ends A²
of the wire being extended past each other and provided with hooks A³ engaging

page_text: with eyes B2 on the tyre cover B, so that when the tyre is inflated there will be a
tendency of the hooks A³ to move away from each other in the direction shown by
the arrows in proximity to them in the drawings, this tendency being resisted by
the wires as in the preceding example.
The improvements hereinbefore described are applicable to tubeless and single
tube tyres, as well as to those in which there is a separate air tube.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
--
1. In a pneumatic tyre or tyre cover the combination with a twin annulus having
overlapping ends such as is shown in Figure 2 of a retaining device such as D.
2. In a pneumatic tyre or tyre cover a twin annulus in an edge or in each edge
of the tyre or cover looped at its ends and secured by a retaining device sub-
stantially as described.
3. In a pneumatic tyre or tyre cover the combination with the tyre or cover of a
ring having overlapping looped ends which are engaged with the tyre or cover
substantially as and for the purpose described.
4. In a pneumatic tyre or tyre cover reducing substantially as described the
diameter of a wire or cord ring in an edge or in each edge of the tyre or cover by
the expansion upon inflation of the tyre or cover to which the ends of the ring are
secured.
5. In a pneumatic tyre or tyre cover the combination with the tyre or cover of a
wire or cord such as A in the edge thereof its ends passing one another as at A²
and being engaged with the tyre or cover substantially as and for the purpose
described.
6. In a pneumatic tyre or tyre cover the complete fastening for securing the
same to the wheel rim substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1 or 2,
or Figures 3 and 4 or Figure 5 or Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
.
Dated this 24th day of June 1898.