IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING, HAMMERING, PULVERIZING, AND SEPARATING PHOSPHATES, COPROLITES, CEMENT, ORES, AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING, HAMMERING, PULVERIZING,
AND SEPARATING PHOSPHATES, COPROLITES, CEMENT, ORES, AND OTHER
MATERIALS, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES." A communication from abroad
by Humphrey B. Dunham, of the City and State of New York, United States
of America.
Sealed the 27th April 1880, and dated the 4th November 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th November 1879.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING,
HAMMERING, PULVERIZING, AND SEPARATING PHOSPHATES, COPROLITES, CEMENT,
ORES, AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES." [A communication
from abroad by Humphrey B. Dunham, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America.]
This Invention relates to machinery for crushing, hammering, pulverizing, and
separating articles or substances of various kinds, which require to be so treated
to fit them for the uses to which they are intended to be applied, and for which
they are not applicable until they have been crushed, pulverized, hammered, or
similarly operated upon. Amongst the articles or substances which require this
treatment are the following, namely:-Phosphates, coprolites, cement, ores, lime, and
grain of various kinds; but the said improved machinery is applicable for all
substances which have to be operated upon in the manner above indicated, and
may be used for both dry and wet stamping. Parts of the said machinery may be
employed for operating rock-drilling apparatus.
The chief feature of the said Invention is the provision of a peculiarly constructed
spring-beam, so made and arranged that a very elastic and effective blow is given
to the substances beneath the hammer or head. The said spring-beam is made up
of laminated plates of spring steel or flat pieces of wood, formed and superposed
one upon the other in such a manner that the depth, that is to say, the thickness
Prins 31

page_text: from the top plates to the bottom ones of the beam increases gradually from the
extremity to which the stamp-head is connected until about two thirds of the
length of the beam is reached, the depth thereof then decreasing from this point to
the other end of the beam, that is to say, for the remaining one third. The thickest
part of this spring-beam is therefore not in the centre, but at a point which is
nearer to one end of the beam than the other. In practice I find that in a beam,
the total length of which is four feet nine inches, it is best to construct it so that
the thickest or deepest portion thereof shall be twenty one inches from the end to
which the connecting rod is secured, and should the total length of the beam be
different it would be desirable to observe the same proportions. The ends of the
separate plates are so tapered that when placed together to form the beam the
depth of the latter decreases evenly and regularly from the point of oscillation to
each end of the beam. The separate plates are connected at the thickest or deepest
part of the beam by strong metal bands or ties.
I provide trunnions or gudgeons, which are attached to the under side of the
said spring-beam at the thickest or deepest part thereof, and project one at each
side at right angles to the length of the beam. These trunnions fit into bearings
provided for them in upright supports, so that the beam is thus capable of oscilla-
tion. The oscillating movement is given to the said spring-beam by means of a
connecting rod hereinbefore mentioned, which is connected to a wheel driven by
the motive power employed for driving the machine.
From the above description it will be seen that the beam has one long arm and
one short arm, the fulcrum being at the thickest or deepest part of the bean; also
that power is applied to the short arm and the blow delivered by the long arm.
By this construction and arrangement the long arm of the beam has imparted to
it a movement of considerable extent, with a very short stroke of the connecting
rod, as in addition to the increased radius travelled by the long arm of the beam
by reason of the difference in the length of the two arms there is also the
advantage arising from the fact that the long arm is very elastic, and has imparted
to it a springing motion.
The stamp head, hammer, or "tupp" is connected to the long arm of the beam
by means of a suitable rod working in guides, and I provide a screw of suitable
length so placed and arranged that the rod may be shortened or lengthened in
order that the travel of the stamp head may be regulated exactly as desired for
different substances, that is to say, the head may be caused to descend a greater or
less distance, and the blow to be heavier or lighter accordingly. The blow having
been delivered the natural elasticity of the spring heam causes an immediate
recoil of the head, which is of considerable advantage in the working of such
machinery.
Another feature of the said Invention relates to the employment of an air-blast
for separating the materials or substances which have been crushed or pulverized
by the stamp-head. For this purpose I provide a fan, which is enclosed within a
suitable case, whose mouth or outlet communicates directly with the coffer or
chamber in which the stamp-head operates. The fan is driven by a band or belt
from a pulley on the driving shaft, and I provide a speed pulley on the fan shaft,
so that the speed of the fan may be changed expeditiously to suit different sub-
stances or materials. The air-blast is sufficiently strong to carry off all the
material that has been sufficiently reduced into chambers provided for the purpose,
the finest portions being blown to the most distant chamber, and the other portions
to other chambers, according to the fineness or coarseness of the separate parts.
The material or substance which has not been sufficiently reduced remains under
the stamp head until it has been further reduced, the blast being so controlled as
to leave those materials which are not sufficiently fine until they have been further
operated upon.
Another feature of the said Invention consists in providing special means for the
treatment of pebbles or shingle and similar substances to reduce the same to the
required fineness for use in the manufacture of pottery. For this purpose I provide a

page_text: screen on each of the four sides of the coffer, which screens consist of a frame,
having secured thereon a wire mesh of the necessary fineness. Each screen is
pivotted centrally, so that it may be turned over when required to discharge the
coarse particles. When the stamp-head is operating upon the pebbles, shingle, or
similar materials the four screens are placed at such an angle that they catch the
particles which are thrown out when broken by the successive blows of the stamp-
head. The fine portions are washed by water passing through the said screens
falling upon tables provided for the purpose, and the screens may be so arranged
that as soon as a sufficient quantity of shingle has accumulated thereon they will
turn over by the force of gravity; or they may be operated by a boy or other
attendant, and the coarse portions will thus be discharged into a gutter at the
side.
A machine made with a spring beam constructed according to the said Invention
will be found very advantageous for putting a gloss upon or "beetling" linen and
other cloth.
The said machinery is so constructed that it is very portable, none of the separate
parts being of greater weight than can be conveniently transported from place to
place. This feature of the said Invention is of great value, especially when the
inachine is to be used in mountainous districts as a mineral prospector.
"
I find it very advantageous to feed the material which is to be operated upon
through the centre of the stamp head or "tupp" to the coffer or chamber beneath
the said "tupp
or at the sides. For this purpose I construct the said "tupp" or
head of annular form, and the material to be operated upon passes through the
aperture thus provided to the coffer or chamber beneath the same. A suitable
hopper is provided above the said stamp-head or tupp, into which hopper the
material is first placed, whence it falls to and through the aperture in the annular
head, as above explained.
The said spring beam, and parts operating the same, may be adapted with great
advantage for working rock-drilling apparatus, and the manner of adapting the
said machinery for this purpose will be readily understood without further
description.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th
May 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CRUSHING,
HAMMERING, PULVERIZING, AND SEPARATING PHOSPHATES, COPROLITES, CEMENT,
A communication
ORES, AND OTHER MATERIALS, AND FOR SIMILAR PURPOSES."
from abroad by Humphrey B. Dunham, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America.
This Invention relates to machinery for stamping, crushing, hammering,
pulverizing, and separating articles or substances of various kinds to fit them for
the uses to which they are intended to be applied, and for which they are not
applicable until they have been crushed, pulverized, hammered, or similarly
operated upon. Amongst the articles or substances to the treatment of which this
Invention is especially applicable are the following, namely:-Phosphates, coprolites,
cement, ores, lime, and grain of various kinds; but the said improved machinery
is applicable for all substances which have to be operated upon in the manner
above indicated, and may be used for both dry and wet stamping. Parts of the
said machinery may be employed for operating rock-drilling apparatus. The said
machinery may moreover be advantageously employed in the beetling" of linen
and other fabrics.
"
The chief feature of the said Invention is the provision of a peculiarly constructed
spring-beam, so made and arranged that a very elastic and effective blow is given
to the substances beneath the hammer or head attached to one end of the same.
In the accompanying Drawings,—
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, shewing my improvements as
applied to an ore crushing machine, and
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the said machine partly in section.
Figure 3 shews a modified construction of the said machine hereinafter
referred to.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawings.
a represents my improved spring-beam, which is constructed of a series of
laminated plates a¹ of spring steel or flat pieces of wood superposed one upon the
other in such a manner that the depth, that is to say, the thickness from the top
plate to the bottom plate of the beam increases gradually from the extremity a²,
to which the stamp head b or striking-device is connected until a point a³ about
two-thirds of the length of the beam is reached, the depth thereof then decreasing
from this point to the other end at of the beam, that is to say, for the remaining
one-third. The thickest part of this spring-beam is therefore not in the centre,
but at a point which is nearer to one end of the beam than the other, as shewn.
In practice I find that in a beam, the total length of which is four feet nine inches,
an advantageous result is attained by constructing it in such a manner that the
thickest or deepest portion thereof shall be twenty one inches from the end a to
which the connecting rod c is secured, and should the total length of the beam be
different it would be desirable to observe the same proportions. The ends of the
separate plates a¹ are so arranged that when placed together to form the beam the
depth of the latter decreases from the point of oscillation to each end of the beam.
The separate plates a¹ are connected at the thickest or deepest part of the beam by
strong metal bands or ties e.
ff, represent trunnions or gudgeons, which are attached to the underside of the
spring-beam a at the thickest or deepest part thereof, and project one at each side,
as shewn in Figure 2, at right angles to the length of the said beam. These
trunnions fit into bearings g provided for them in upright supports h, so that the

page_text: beam is capable of oscillation. The oscillating movement is given to the said
spring-beam by means of the connecting rod c, which is connected to a wheel i
driven through a belt or otherwise by the engine or other power transmitting
apparatus employed for driving the machine. From the above description it will
be seen that the beam a has one long arm and one short arm, the fulcrum being at
the thickest or deepest part of the beam, and also that power is applied to the
short arm and the blow delivered by the long arm. By this construction and
arrangement the long arm of the beam has imparted to it a movement of consider-
able extent, with a very short stroke of the connecting rod c, as in addition to the
increased length of the arc traversed by the end of the long arm of the beam, by
reason of the difference in the length of the two arms, there is also the advantage
arising from the fact that the long arm is very elastic, and has imparted to it a
springing motion.
The stamp head, hammer, or "tup" 6 is connected to the long arm of the beam
by means of a suitable rod k hinged to the stamp head b at k³, and provided with
a screw coupling of suitable length, so arranged that the rod k may be shortened
or lengthened in order that the travel of the stamp head may be regulated exactly
as desired to suit the different substances to be treated, that is to say, by the
employment of this screw coupling the head may be caused to descend a greater
or less distance, and the blow to be heavier or lighter. The blow having been
delivered the natural elasticity of the spring-beam a causes an immediate recoil'
of the stamp-head b, which recoil is of considerable advantage in the working of
such machinery.
Another feature of the said Invention relates to the employment of an air blast
for separating the materials or substances which have been crushed or pulverized
by the stamp head b. For this purpose I employ a fan, which is enclosed within a
suitable case m, whose mouth or outlet m¹ communicates directly with the coffer
or chamber n, in which the stamp head b operates. This fan is driven by a band
or belt o passing from a pulley on the shaft p over a speed pulley on the
fan shaft q, and I provide suitable means whereby the speed of the fan may be
decreased or accellerated expeditiously to suit the different substances or materials
under treatment. The air-blast is sufficiently strong to carry off all the material
that has been properly reduced into chambers provided for the purpose, the
finest portions being blown to the most distant chamber, and the other portions to
other chambers, according to their specific gravity, or the fineness or coarseness of
the separate parts. The material or substance which has not been sufficiently
reduced remains under the stamp head until it has been further reduced, the blast
being suitably controlled for this purpose.
In the modification of my Invention illustrated in Figure 3 of the Drawings I
have shewn my improved spring beam a connected to the stamp head b of a wet
stamping machine. According to this modification I dispense with the screw
coupling for lengthening or shortening the travel of the stamp head, and thereby
regulating the force of the blow of the same upon the material being treated, and
effect this result by supporting the trunnions f of the spring beam a within a
bracket h', which is so arranged upon the supports has to be capable of vertical
adjustment by means of a set screw h². By this means the said beam through
the trunnions may be readily adjusted vertically to regulate the force of the blow
to that desired for the material under treatment, and the strength of the connecting
rod k is unimpaired.
The said machinery is so constructed that it is very portable, none of the
separate parts being of greater weight than can be conveniently transported from
place to place. This feature of the said Invention is of great value, especially
when the machine is to be used in mountainous districts.
The said spring beam constructed and arranged as above described, and the parts
for operating the same, may be adapted with great advantage for working rock-
drilling apparatus by attaching the drill or tool to the end of the same, to which
the stamp head is shewn connected in the Drawings. The manner of adapting

page_text: .
the said machinery for this purpose will be readily understood without further
description.
The said spring beam moreover may be advantageously employed in machines
for putting a gloss upon or "beetling" linen and other cloth by attaching the
beetlers or strikers to the end of the said beam, which is at the greatest distance
from its fulcrum, and connecting the other end with the power-transmitting
apparatus.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. In a machine for the purposes above specified or for any similar purposes
a spring-beam constructed of laminated plates of spring steel or flat pieces of
wood so combined and arranged that the said beam will impart an elastic blow to
the material under treatment, as above set forth.
Second. Providing the said spring beam with trunnions nearer to one end than
to the other end of the same, as above set forth and for the purposes specified.
Third. In a machine for crushing and pulverizing ores and similar materials the
spring beam provided with a stamp head or "tupp" working within a coffer,
from which the pulverized material is blown or carried away by a blast of air
produced by a fan, and with or without means for regulating the force of the blow
of the said stamp head, as above set forth and as shewn in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
WM. ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)