Improvements in Machines for Shaping Bolts and Nuts.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 28th Dec., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Shaping Bolts and Nuts.
1, PHILIPPE KOCH, Manufacturer, of Neuss, Germany, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
ascertained and described in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object, to construct a machine which produces very accurate
work, and will shape simultaneously a great number of bolt heads or nuts.
;
In the further description reference will be made to the accompanying drawings,
in which Fig. 1 is a right hand side elevation; Fig. 2 a plan; Fig. 3 a cross section
and Fig. 4 a left hand side elevation, of a machino embodying my invention; while
Figs. 5 to 11, represent details.
The machine contains several cutters placed side by side, and adapted to shape
simultaneously an equal number of bolt heads, or as many rows of screw nuts.
The cutters receive motion from a driving shaft m which carries a belt pulley
provided with an adjustable crank pin m³, for producing the to and fro motion of the
connecting rod m'. The rod m' is connected with the slide a, to which are fixed the
cutters b. The slide a is guided in the usual manner, so as to allow the required
longitudinal motion. In order to also allow a lateral motion of the cutters, according
to the width of the nut face, the slide a is not only movable longitudinally, but is
is not arranged
also adapted to be shifted sideways. For this purpose the slide
on the main frame or stand of the machine, but on the slide p, which is mounted
on the machine stand, and can be shifted thereon laterally along suitable guide
cheeks. This lateral motion of the transverse slide p, together with the cutter
slide a, is produced by the screw spindle d, which passes through the screw nut (2
fixed to the slide p, as shown in Fig. 3. By turning this spindle to the right or to
the left, the slides a and p are shifted to and fro. The screw spindle d receives its
motion likewise from the driving shaft m. The latter carries a disc R provided with
a tooth R', which, at every revolution of the disc, lifts an arm S mounted on a
shaft S. The lifting of the arm S turns the shaft S' slightly, as soon as the slide a
carrying the cutters has completed its return motion, that is, when the crank is in
its dead centre. The short turning of the shaft S' is communicated to the crank T
mounted on the said shaft and carrying a rod U which is provided with a handle and
with the springs U'. The latter have at their front ends oblique noses U' placed
near the circuinference of a toothed wheel which is mounted on the screw
spindle d.
If the rod U is pushed downward, as in Fig. 4, the arms A, mounted on the
rod U, release the lower spring from the teeth of the wheel d', while the upper spring
is put in gear with the teeth of the said wheel. If now the crank T is drawn back
in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 4), by means of the arm S, the wheel d¹ is turned
to the left; but during the forward motion of the crank T and springs U¹, it remains
at rest, because the oblique noses slide over the teeth.
If now the lever U is raised, the upper spring is released, and the lower spring is
put in gear with the teeth, so that during the return notion of the crank T, the
wheel d¹ and the screw spindle move to the right, and impart to the slide an opposite
motion. In order to retain the rod or lever Uin its highest or in its lowest position,
it is provided with a pin which slides over the nose W formed on the spring W
This nose W, together with the lugs W, affords to the lever a rest at the top and
at the bottom. In order that the rod m' may allow the lateral motion of the slide a,
this rod is mounted on the long transverse pin a' fixed to the slide a, and is further
guided behind the pin by the fork G. The latter is fixed in the cover-plate of the
machine stand and projects through suitable openings in the slides a and p which
allow the necessary motion. If now the slides are displaced laterally, the rod m',

page_text: being held by the fork G, does not share their motion, but the pin a' secured to the
slide u, moves to and fro in the eye of the rod.
In order that the stroke of the rod m¹ may be varied, the crank pin m² is rendered
adjustable in the usual manner; and to ensure that the slide a may be placed
slightly more forward or backward, the pin a' has been rendered adjustable also.
For this purpose, it is secured to a plate Y which is provided with slots and can
be shifted together with the transverse pin a', after the screws Y' have been slackened;
whereby the slide is placed more forward or backward. For shaping bolt heads,
the bolts are placed at the rear of the machine in the sleeves underneath the
cutters b. On each of them is mounted a head K which receives a conical elastic
sleeve, adapted to hold the screw bolt. These sleeves are weakened by longitudinal
grooves or recesses, and left open at one place, in order to obtain the required spring
action, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9.
If pressure be applied against the screw (to be operated upon) placed in the
sleeve over a washer, the conical sleeve is driven into the head K, thereby
causing it to contract and to grip the screw bolt firmly, as shown by Fig. 7. The
pressure upon the screw head is produced by means of the lever g', mounted on the
carriage or slide g. (Figs. 1 and 2). This lever has a tooth which takes into a recess
of the sliding bar or rack g. If the lever is turned in the direction of the arrow,
the said bar presses against the screw head, thus causing the conical sleeve / to
recede, and thereby to contract and to grip the screw bolt. The sliding rod g² has
several recesses, in order that it may he placed more forward, or more backward,
according to the thickness of the screw head. The carriage g is also provided with
a lever (Fig. 4), which, when its handle is pressed down, comes with its flat upper
face in contact with the screw head, so as to place the lower face of the latter (and
therefore also the upper face of the screw head) exactly horizontal.
The carriage gis inovable along the rail z, and can be shifted from one screw
to the other, in order to put each of them in the correct position and to press
it fast.
After the heads are shaped on each of their six sides, the fastening is loosened
by pressing on the lever t. This lever is mounted on the shaft wo which is connected
with the rods s by means of studs w². If the lever t is pressed down, the said shaft
turns on its axis, and the rods s, that rest with their front ends in the sleeves h, are
pressed forward, so as to come in contact with the closed rear ends or bottom of the
bushes or tubes u, situated in the sleeves (see Figs. 5, 6 and 7). These tubes abut
in front against short tubes u' which are exchangeable together with the heads & and
sleeves ', according to the size of the bolts or screws.
The tubes u, u, and the conical elastic sleeves h³, are thereby pushed forward, so
that the latter may expand again, and thereby release the finished screw bolts, which
can now be taken out."
For shaping nuts, the head k is removed, and a head k¹ (Figs. 10 and 11) is applied
to the same sleeve h. The head has a bolt 2, on which are placed. a suitable
number of the nuts to be shaped, and then secured by means of a nut M. Each of
the cutters travels over the whole row of nuts and shapes the uppermost face of the
same. For operating upon nuts, the rail and the carriage g may be taken off.
To provide, that the screw bolts or nuts may be easily and simultaneously turned,
after one face has been shaped, a disc e is applied to each of the sleeves h; which disc
is furnished with 6 recesses or grooves el, and with 6 teeth or studs e². The said
teeth or studs are in contact with transporting pawls o pressed against the said teeth
by weights o. The pivots o' of these pawls are fixed to the cross bar f secured to the
leaf springs. On these leaf springs are mounted the posts f' (Figs. 3 and 5) which
are connected with the levers secured to the shaft l. Outside the machine this shaft
carries a cam n (Fig. 1), which can be lifted by the lever n¹ or depressed by the
connecting link y.
If it is desired, to turn the sleeves h, together with the piece of work, through an
angle of 60 degrees, the lever n¹ need only be turned in the direction of the arrow,
until it meets the stop-pin q. In consequence of this motion, the connecting link y

page_text: of the cam n will press down the levers mounted on the same shaft 1, and these
levers press down the posts f³, together with the cross bar resting on the leaf
springs f; which downward motion is shared by the transporting pawls o, so that
the latter turn the discs e and the siceves h 60 degrees. A further turning of the
discs e cannot take place, because the next tooth or stud e² of the disc e meets the
upper part of the nose on the pawl, when the disc has been turned the required
distance. (See Fig. 3). When the turning has been effected, the lever n' is with-
drawn, thereby again lifting the cam n lever 1, cross-bar and transporting pawl o,
until the latter snaps in behind the next stud e. By the withdrawal of the lever n',
the springs r, being mounted on the axle 1, like the levers 1, are also pressed upwards.
The front ends of these springs are provided with studs or detents, which enter the
corresponding grooves ef of the discs e (namely those which at that moment are
directed downward) whereby the sleeves are completely secured.
In addition to its other advantages, this machine is less liable to rust, than many
other machines, hitherto used for the purpose, because the bolt heads or nuts to he
shaped project freely, in such a manner, that the liquid used for cooling the cutters does
not drop into the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. In a machine for shaping nuts, and bolt- or screw-heads, the means for effecting
the longitudinal and transverse motion of the cutters, comprising a laterally movable
transverse slide Pr a longitudinally movable cutter slide a mounted on the said slide,
and provided with a long cross-pin a¹, and a connecting rod m³ guided by a fork Ĝ
and adapted to slide along the said cross pin, when the slide a moves transversely ;
substantially as described.
2. The means for producing the lateral motion of the slides a and p; comprising a
disc R having a projection R', arm $, shaft S¹, crank T, lever U and springs U¹
adapted to operate alternately, according to the position of the said lever, upon a
tooth wheel mounted on the screw-spindle d, so as to turn the latter to the right or
to the left, substantially as described.
3. A machine for shaping nuts and bolt- or screw-heads, provided with means for
fixing the nuts and bolts, so as to project freely over the machine frame, and with.
grooved discs e, studs or teeth e, springs and transporting links o, for turning the
nuts or bolts and fixing them at the required angle, substantially as described.
4. The means for pushing back the sleeves h¹, when the machine is required for
operating on screw-bolts, and for placing the upper face of the bolt-head in a
horizontal position, comprising sliding carriage 9, lever g¹, sliding bar or rack g² and
lever i, substantially as described.
5. The means for pushing back the clamping sleeves, together with the finished
screw bolts, comprising a shaft w, lever t and rods, substantially as described.
Dated this 15th day
PHILIPPE KOCH.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London, Agents.
PHILIPPE KOCH.
By Fairfax & Wetter,
433, Strand, London, Agents.