AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SAWING AND SHAPING
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, of the Firm of J.
Brandt and G. W. von Nawrocki, Civil Engineers and Patent Agents, of
No. 2, Koch Strasse, Berlin, in the German Empire, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SAWING AND SHAPING." A communication by August
Hunger, of Peterswaldau, in the German Empire.
Sealed the 11th June 1878, and dated the 20th December 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard. Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December
1877.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W.
von Nawrocki, Civil Engineers and Patent Agents, of No. 2, Koch Strasse, Berlin,
in the German Empire. "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SAWING AND SHAPING."
[A communication by August Hunger, of Peterswaldau, in the German Empire.]
According to the present Invention, a machine containing a reciprocating saw
frame and a rotary cutter for shaping is constructed as follows:-A horizontal table
supported on a suitable stand or framing carries vertical dovetail guides extending
any required distance above and below the table, in which guides work corre-
sponding dovetail slides fixed on the backs of the upper and lower horizontal bars
of the saw frame, such bars being extended some distance to one side of the guides,
and carrying at their extremities the attachments for the saw blades. These
attachments consist of a fork or socket, in which are fitted loosely a number of thin
plates threaded on a rivet passing through the fork, and each having a hole, through
which passes a screwed pin provided with a thumb nut. One or more saw blades
having holes corresponding with those in the plates are inserted between any two
of the blades, so that the screw pin passes through and holds them. The fork or
socket passes through a disc with serrated edge rotatable in a plate carried by the
saw frame, but held in any required position by means of a serrated block on the
said plate which can be pressed by a screw against the serrated edge of the disc.
Price 1

page_text: The fork can slide through but not turn in the disc, so that by turning the disc and
then securing it by the block, the saw blades may be made to assume any desired
position in the frame.
Behind the saw frame a vertical hollow spindle is mounted in lathe centres in the
table, within which spindle is a second spindle, upon the upper end of which is
fixed the rotary cutter, while its lower end, which is of a flat broad shape, fits into
a correspondingly formed recess in the lower part of the hollow spindle. The edges
of the said flat extension have a screw thread cut on them which project into an
external circular groove formed on the spindle, so that a collar with internal screw
thread fitted into the groove takes with its thread into the threads of the inner
spindle, and thus by turning the collar the internal spindle can be raised or lowered
in the tubular spindle so as to adjust the height of the cutter on the table.
The lower end of the tubular spindle carries a bevil pinion which can be put in
gear with one or other of two bevil wheels situated on each side thereof, and fixed
on a driving shaft which can be moved slightly in a longitudinal direction in its
bearings, by means of a spindle having at its lower end a finger taking into a loose
collar on the shaft, and having at its upper end a spring lever, whereby it can be
moved into three different positions, in each of which it is held by the lever
springing into a notch.
In one position of the lever the driving shaft is held so that neither of the bevil
wheels are in gear with the cutter spindle, in which position the shaft is made to
work the saw frame.
In either of the other positions the shaft drives the cutter by one of the bevil
wheels in one direction or the other, according to which bevil wheel is put in gear.
The shaft has a square neck fitting into a slot in a crank connected by a connecting
rod to the saw frame, so that the crank can be adjusted to any desired throw on
the shaft, and then be secured by a jam nut on the latter; or the crank may be
removed altogether when the saw is not in operation.
The pins on the saw frame and the crank that receive the connecting rod are
formed square, and have fitted thereon two bushes coned in opposite directions
fitting in correspondingly formed eyes on the connecting rod, so that when the
latter becomes loose by wear, it is tightened up by nuts on the pins which act on
the said bushes so as to draw them together.
The table has an adjustable guide through which the saw blade passes, and it has
a flap which can be held up by a slotted strutt hinged thereto, and fitted on to a pin
with jam nut on the framing.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th June 1878.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W.
von Nawrocki, Civil Engineers and Patent Agents, of No. 2, Koch Strasse,
Berlin, in the German Empire. "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SAWING AND
SHAPING."
A communication by August Hunger, of Peterswalden, in the German
Empire.
According to the present Invention, a machine containing a reciprocating saw
frame and a rotary cutter for shaping is constructed as follows:-A horizontal table
supported on a suitable stand or framing carries vertical dovetail guides extending
any required distance above and below the table, in which guides work corre-
sponding dovetail slides fixed on the backs of the upper and lower horizontal bars
of the saw frame, such bars being extended some distance to one side of the guides,
and carrying at their extremities the attachments for the saw blades. These
attachments consist of a fork or socket, in which are fitted loosely a number of thin
plates threaded on a rivet passing through the fork, and each having a hole, through
which passes a screwed pin provided with a thumb nut. One or more saw blades
having holes corresponding with those in the plates are inserted between any two
of the plates, so that the screw pin passes through and holds them. The fork or
socket passes through a disc with serrated edge rotatable in a plate carried by the
saw frame, but held in any required position by means of a serrated block on the
said plate which can be pressed by a screw against the serrated edge of the disc.
The fork can slide through but not turn in the disc, so that by turning the disc and
then securing it by the block, the saw blades may be made to assume any desired
position in the frame.
Behind the saw frame a vertical hollow spindle is mounted in lathe centres in
the table, within which spindle is a second spindle, upon the upper end of which
is fixed the rotary cutter, while its lower end, which is of a flat broad shape, fits
into a correspondingly formed recess in the lower part of the hollow spindle. The
edges of the said flat extension have a screw thread cut on them which project
into an external circular groove formed on the spindle, so that a collar with
internal screw thread fitted into the groove takes with its thread into the threads
of the inner spindle, and thus by turning the collar the internal spindle can be
raised or lowered in the tubular spindle so as to adjust the height of the cutter on
the table.
The lower end of the tubular spindle carries a bevil pinion which can be put in
gear with one or other of two bevil wheels situated on each side thereof, and fixed
on a driving shaft which can be moved slightly in a longitudinal direction in its
bearings, by means of a spindle having at its lower end a finger taking into a loose
collar on the shaft, and having at its upper end a spring lever, whereby it can be
moved into three different positions, in each of which it is held by the lever
springing into a notch.
In one position of the lever the driving shaft is held so that neither of the bevil
wheels is in gear with the cutter spindle, in which position the shaft is made to
work the saw frame.
In either of the other positions the shaft drives the cutter by one of the bevil
wheels in one direction or the other, according to which bevil wheel is put in gear.
The shaft has a square neck fitting into a slot in a crank connected by a connecting
rod to the saw frame, so that the crank can be adjusted to any desired throw on
the shaft, and then be secured by a jam nut on the latter; or the crank may be
removed altogether when the saw is not in operation.
The pins on the saw frame and the crank that receive the connecting rod are
formed square, and have fitted thereon two bushes coned in opposite directions

page_text: fitting in correspondingly formed eyes on the connecting rod, so that when the
latter becomes loose by wear, it is tightened up by nuts on the pins which act on
the said bushes so as to draw them together.
The table has an adjustable guide through which the saw blade passes, and it has
a flap which can be held up by a slotted strutt hinged thereto, and fitted on to a
pin with jam nut on the framing.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. I. is a front view, Fig. II. a longitudinal section, Fig. III. an end view,
and Fig. IV. a part plan of a sawing and shaping machine according to this Inven-
tion. Fig. V., VI., VII., and VIII. representing to an enlarged scale details of
construction herein-after more particularly referred to.
A is the framing supporting the table Band dovetail guides C for the saw frame D
which is worked by the connecting rod E¹ from a crank E on the shaft F which
revolves in bushes f¹, f, secured by keys b'. The crank pin a as well as the pin a'
on the saw frame is made square in section, and a pair of conical bushes ċ that
can slide on each of those pins are fitted into coned eyes of the connecting rod E¹,
and can be tightened up by screw nuts b. The crank E is slotted to fit on the
squared end of the shaft F, so that it can be set thereon and held by a pin d and
screw nut to vary the stroke of the saw as desired.
The spindle G' for the rotary cutter can be slid up or down within the hollow
shaft G to adjust the height of the cutter above the table. For this purpose a hand
nut a fitting a groove on the shaft G is made to engage with partial screw threads
on the edges of a flattened part of the spindle G¹ extending through a slot in the
shaft G, as shewn to an enlarged scale in the sectional plan Fig. II. The shaft g
has on its lower end a bevil pinion situated between two bevil wheels on the
shaft F.
When the shaft is in the position shewn in the Drawings, both the bevil wheels
being out of gear with the pinion, the rotary cutter is at rest, but by shifting the
shaft F a little to either hand, one or other of the bevil wheels is brought into gear
with the pinion so as to drive the rotary cutter in the one direction or the other.
For the purpose of so shifting the shaft F a hand lever H can be moved so as to
catch in either of three notches in a guide bracket h. The lever H by its movement
partly turns the vertical spindle i¹, from which projects an arm K, holding a bush
on the shaft F between a collar thereon, and a washer g secured by a nut h¹; L is a
fence which can be adjusted where desired on the table by securing its slotted arms
L, L, by thumb nuts; M is a guide for the saw blades which are secured to the saw
frame D by adjustable clips, shewn in detail in vertical section at Fig. V., in plan
looking to the one side at Fig. VI., and looking to the other side at Fig. VII., a
part section being shewn at Fig. VIII. on a plane at right angles to that shewn at
Fig. V.
The clip consists of a socket m, in which are fitted loosely and held by a pin na
number of thin plates. Between these plates the ends of the saws are inserted and
are held by the pin o secured by the thumb nut p.
The socket m has a circular part ƒ capable of turning in a plate e, the edge of f
being serrated. A serrated piece g sliding in a dovetail in the plate e being drawn
back by the thumbscrew h, the socket m with its saws can be turned more or less
round, and the piece g being then set up to press against f prevents the socket and
saws from turning; B¹ is a flap which can be raised or lowered and held in any
desired position by a slotted strut clamped by a screw.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my correspondent, I
claim,―
First. The herein described construction of sawing and shaping machine consisting
of a vertical saw frame worked with variable stroke from a shaft, and a rotary
cutter adjustable in height, and worked in either direction from the same shaft.

page_text: Second. The herein described adjustment for the weight of the rotary cutter by
means of a hand nut on the outer shaft, engaging with partial screw threads on a
flattened part of an inner spindle working in a slot of the shaft.
Third. The herein described means of stopping the rotary cutter, or causing
it to revolve in either direction by the shifting longitudinally of the driving
shaft.
Fourth. The herein described clips for the saws, with the means of adjusting them
to and holding them at various angles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
GERARD WENZESLAUS v. NAWROCKI. (L.S.)