IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON, BY THE APPLICATION OF CERTAIN KNOWN MATERIALS, AND FOR IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING SUCH MATERIALS, AND FOB THE RECOVERY OF CERTAIN PRODUCTS IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING IRON
Year: 1835

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN SAMUEL
DAWES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Iron Master, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Ninth day of December, in the sixth year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John
Samuel Dawes, His especial license that I, the said John Samuel Dawes,
my exors, adñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Samuel
Dawes, my exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON, BY THE APPLICATION OF CERTAIN
KNOWN MATERIALS, AND FOR IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING SUCH MATERIALS, AND
FOB THE RECOVERY OF CERTAIN PRODUCTS IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING
IRON;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging

page_text: me, the said John Samuel Dawes, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
as follows (that is to say):-
My improvements in the manufacture of iron consist in applying to the
blast or smelting furnace, in addition to the atmospheric air, pure hydrogen gas,
or the hydrogen obtained by the decomposition of water, by which means I
produce a greater degree of heat with less consumption of fuel, reducing the
ores and oxides of iron with more rapidity than by the usual process of
blowing with atmospheric air only. The gas may be introduced into the
furnace either mixed with the atmospheric blast or by separate tweers. The
method by which I decompose the water is to pass it in the state of steam
through iron pipes, tubes, or other close vessels, heated to a red heat, con-
taining cokes, cinders, brays, or breese, the refuse riddlings of the coak, hearth,
or like material, by which means the oxygen will enter into other combina-
tions, leaving the hydrogen free, which may be pressed through water or lime
water into a regulator, gas holder, or gasometer, to separate the carbonic acid,
and obtain a sufficient pressure to force it into the furnace, or it may be driven
into the furnace by mechanical means. And whereas, having found that
cyanogen is formed within the furnace in large volume by the union of its con-
stituent gases, and in combination with potassium, I am enabled, by introducing
a pipe near to the tweers or lower part of the furnace, to draw off and collect
the same. Thus I relieve the furnace of that which is injurious, and at the same
time obtain a substance useful in the arts.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Samuel Dawes, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Eighth day of June, One thousand eight hundred
JOHN SAMUEL DAWES (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighth day of June, in tho
year of our Lord 1886, the aforesaid John Samuel Dawes came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute made for that purpose.