IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR PRINTING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred. Vincent Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mecha-
nical Draughtsman, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY
FOR PRINTING."A communication.
Sealed the 5th December 1853, and dated the 5th July 1853..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 5th July 1853.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR PRINTING" to be as follows:
This Invention relates to a novel construction of printing machinery,
in which the bed of the press, or the part which carries the form of type,
is set up in a vertical position, and supported by a vibrating frame.
The platen which receives the pressure, of the type is--mounted on a
horizontal rocking shaft, and the paper being laid thereon, and secured
in its place by means of the frisket, the platen is moved round on its
axis until it is brought in front of the form of type. The type (having
been previously inked) is pressed forward against the platen by the
straightening of a toggle joint.connected therewith, and to the framing

page_text: of the machine, and the desired impression is thereby imprinted on the
paper. Mounted on the top of the framing is the ink-distributing
roller, and over it small inking rollers, which convey the ink to the form
of type, are made to run. These rollers are carried by vibrating arms,
which, as they are depressed, cause the rollers to run over the face of
the type, the platen being at that time clear of the type, and in a posi-
tion to receive a fresh sheet of paper.
In this machine the inking will consume about two thirds of the time
occupied in throwing off one impression; and as, during this part of
the process, the attendant lays on the paper, ample time will be allowed
for its adjustment without retarding the action of the machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Scal Patent
Office, on the 5th January 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lanc,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special
license that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR PRINTING," being a communication
from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred
Vincent Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,

page_text: and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do liereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Draw-
ing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say):
The main object of this Invention is to carry on that branch of the
printing business known as "job printing" with greater expedition
than heretofore, and that without the necessity of employing skilled
labour for taking off the impressions from the type.
Before entering into the details of the improved printing press which
forms the subject of this Invention, I would remark that, since the
application for Letters Patent was made, some changes have been
effected in the construction of the press by the Inventor, with the
view of rendering it more simple and efficient; and to this end, instead
of mounting the platen on a rocking axle, as explained in the Provi-
sional Specification, the Inventor is now enabled to dispense with the
movement of the platen; and, as a substitute for the toggle joint for
pressing forward the type against the platen, a mechanical equivalent
is used therefor. It will, however, be understood that the general
principle of construction for which I have obtained Her Majesty's
Letters Patent is in no respect departed from by the introduction of
these modifications.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1, is a side elevation of the
improved printing press. Fig. 2, is a plan view thereof; and Fig. 3,
is a vertical section taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 2. a, a, is the main
framing of the press; b, b, is the platen, bolted thereto, but capable of
adjustment (by means of screws 6*, at the back thereof) to bring its
face to the proper angle for receiving the pressure of the type. The
face of the platen is covered with blanketting or other soft material
which forms a yielding surface for receiving the paper, cards, or other
substance to be printed upon. The paper is fed in by hand, and it is

page_text: of
guided. into the proper position for receiving the impression of the type,
and there retained until the impression. is given by the arrangement of
frisket shewn in the detached view, Fig. 4. c, c, is the chase for
carrying the type. It is mounted on the rocking frame d, the trun-
nions of which rock in suitable bearings in the main. framing a. This
frame d, (see the detached view, Fig. 5,) is provided with a tail piece d*,
for carrying an antifriction bowle, which works in a cam groove 1, 1,
(see the detached view, Fig. 6,) formed in one side of a cog wheel e,
keyed to an axle e*, having its bearings in the main framing. The
rotation of the wheel e, imparts to the frame d, the requisite rocking
motion...for carrying forward the type contained in the chase c, into
contact with the paper on the platen and bringing it back into the
proper position to be inked. Rotary motion is communicated to this
wheel e, by means of a pinion f, keyed to the main driving shaft g,
which is actuated by the foot of the attendant through the agency
the treadle crank and crank rod h, as shewn in the Drawing, or may be
driven by any motive power machinery. Affixed to the shaft c*, is a
pulley i, from which a band passes to a pulley i, on the axle of the
ink-receiving roller k. The ink supplied to this roller, whether by hand
or by an arrangement of self feeder conimon to power presses, is taken
up by a pair of rollers 1, 7, the axles of which revolve in slotted bearings
in the forward ends of the vibrating arms m, m. These arms are set
outside the framing a, and are keyed to an axle n, which has its
bearings in the framing. There is also keyed to the same axle an
arm o, carrying at its forward end an antifriction bowle, which works
in a cam groove 2, 2, formed in the side of the wheel e, (see the
sectional elevation, Fig. 3,) and by the revolution of that wheel is
caused to impart a rocking motion to the arms m, and carry the inking
rollers,, over the face of the type. The position of the cam groove
2, with regard to the cam groove 1, on the opposite side of the sune
wheel is such that when the chase is in its clevated position, as shewn
at Fig. 3, the bowle of the arm o, will, by the rotation of the wheel c,
be drawn towards the axle e, and thereby the arms m, will be rocked
and caused to pass the inking rollers 1, 1, over the type, and effect the
inking thereof. These rollers are held in their slotted bearings by links

page_text: connected to coiled springs p, p, which hook into eyes fixed on the
arms m; and thus a slight traverse motion in their bearings is per-
mitted to the rollers. When raised to their highest position these
rollers are in contact with the ink-receiving roller k, on the surface of
which the ink is distributed by means of the roller k*, which receives
rotary motion from friction of contact with the roller k, but, in addition
thereto, has a lateral or an endway motion imparted to it by means of
a fixed pin on the framing a, taking into a worm with a double course
keyed on to the axle of the distributing roller. The roller k, as it
rotates, imparts ink to the rollers 1, 1, and when they are charged the
cam groove 2, as it is carried round, causes the depression of the arms
m, m, and consequently of the rollers l, l, whereby they are enabled to
ink the face of the type in the chase. To the sides of the chase guide
plates c, are bolted, their use being to act as a tramway for the inking
rollers to run over, and to prevent the retaining springs p, from pressing
the rollers against the type to an undue degree, and thereby imparting
too much ink thereto. These guide plates are shewn detached in the
edge views, Figures 7. When the rollers have moved down over the
face of the type, a counterpart of that portion of the cam groove 2,
which effected this motion now comes round to act upon the bowle of
the lever o, and effect the reverse movement or the traverse upward of
the inking rollers to receive another charge of ink from the ink-receiving
roller. During the upward movement of the chase c, to attain the
position suitable for permitting the traverse of the inking rollers 1, 1,
over the type the paper which last received the impress of the types is
discharged from the platen; and to admit of this operation the frisket
is rocked on its axis, whereby it is raised free of the platen, and the
printed paper is allowed to slide down into a proper receptacle. The
frisket, it will be seen by reference to Fig. 4, consists of a slotted bar 3,
with cranked ends rounded to enter bearing holes in the brackets 4, 4,
which are bolted to the framing a. Connected to the bar 3, by bolts
(which pass through the slot thereof, and are capable of sliding
therein for the purpose of adjustment,) are two side guide bars 5, 5, and
a rest 6, which determine the position of the pieces of paper as they are
fed into the machine. These adjustable guide bars and rest may be

page_text: arranged to receive pieces of paper of various sizes, as will be readily
understood; and, when paper of a greater width than this contrivance
will accommodate is required to be printed on, the adjustable slotted
bar with its sliding rests, shewn in the detached views at Figures 8,
may be employed in lieu thercof. Affixed to one end of the slotted
bar 3, is a rod 7, (see Fig 1,) the free end of which carries an anti-
friction bowle that bears upon a cam 8, keyed to the shaft e". This
cam for three quarters of its revolution supports the bowle of the rod 7,
in an elevated position, and, at the same time, keeps the frisket in
contact with the platen; but when by the rotation of the grooved
wheel e, on the shaft e*, the chase c, is being raised the recess in the
cam 8, comes under the bowle of the rod 7, which then falls by its own
weight, and throws up the frisket into the dotted position of Fig. 3.
The printed paper on the platen is now released and discharged from
the press.
By the continued rotation of the cam 8, the position of the frisket is
quickly restored, and another piece of paper is then fed to the platen.
The inking rollers are now passed over the face of the type, and when
they have again attained their highest elevation, and are clear of the
chase, the rocking frame d, comes forward and presses the inked surface
of the type contained in the chase against the paper on the platen,
whereby the desired impression is transmitted to the paper. The chase
next returns to its clevated position, to permit of the discharge of the
printed paper, and to allow the rollers l, l, to pass again over the face
of the type, and after the inking the operations above detailed are
repeated.
Having now described the nature of the Invention of "Improved
Machinery for Printing," as communicated to me by my foreign corre-
spondent, and set forth the best means with which I am acquainted of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that under the
above in part recited Letters Patent I claim,-
First, mounting the chase on a rocking frame or its equivalent,
whereby the type may be carried forward to give the imprint, and be
returned to a suitable position to be acted upon by the inking rollers.
And, secondly, I claim mounting the inking rollers in vibrating arms

page_text: or their equivalent, whereby they may be traversed over the face of the
type when the chase is in its quiescent position.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, the Fifth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)