IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANU- PACTURING PAPER
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughts-
man, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANU-
PACTURING PAPER."-A communication.
Sealed the 27th August 1858, and dated the 8th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th May 1858.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANU-
FACTURING PAPER," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to vary the width of the paper while tho
machine is in operation and during the process of manufacture. The Invention
consists in making the "lip" or basin which conducts the pulp from the vat to
the endless wire apron of two parts, and of connecting these parts with the
"deckles," which, as well as the "deckle straps," are by a novel mechanism
rendered susceptible of lateral adjustment.
The Invention also consists in a novel way of adjusting the usual gauge
employed for the even distribution of the pulp on the endless wire apron.
In adapting the Invention to a Fourdrinier machine, the deckles, which are
placed at opposite edges of the apron, are fitted on guide rods, the ends of
which are secured in ledges or plates permanently attached to the side rails
of the framing. The "deckles" are allowed to slide freely on these rods,
which have a transverse position relatively with the framing. Through each

page_text: "deckle" two regulating screws pass; these screws have their bearings in the
ledges or side plates of the machine, and are allowed to turn freely therein.
At their outer ends they carry worm wheels, which gear respectively into
worms mounted on horizontal shafts that are placed directly above the ledges
or side plates, and parallel with them. By the rotation, therefore, of these
shafts an axial motion is imparted to the regulating screws, and the deckles
are caused simultaneously to advance or recede, and thereby determine the
width of paper to be manufactured.
The "lip" or basin which first receives the pulp is formed of two parts, so
arranged that one part may slide over the other, and thereby contract or
expand the basin as desired. The parts composing the lip or basin are
attached respectively by clamps to the deckles, and move with them to deter-
mine the width of the paper to be manufactured.
A gauge formed of two parts fits in vertical grooves in the inner sides of the
deckles, and a set screw passes vertically through an ear at each end of the
gauge and bears on the deckles, so that by turning the screws the gauge may
be adjusted bodily in a vertical direction. Each part of the gauge is slotted
longitudinally, and a bolt passes through the slots connecting the two parts, but
still allowing them to slide. Attached to the inner end of one part is a guide
loop, through which the other part works. By means of a set screw passing
through this loop, the central part of the gauge may be elevated or depressed;
and the pulp, as it passes from the lip or basin, will be evenly distributed on the
apron.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, Her special license that I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should

page_text: at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING PAPER," being a communication from
abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
This Invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, relates
to a mode of varying the width of the paper while the machine is in operation
and during the process of manufacture. The Invention consists in making the
"lip" or basin which conducts the pulp from the vat to the endless wire apron
of two parts, and in connecting these parts with the "deckles," which, as well
as the "deckle straps," are by a novel mechanism rendered susceptible of
lateral adjustment.
The "deckles," determine the width of the pulp on the endless wire apron,
and consequently also that of the paper, and as the two parts of the "lip" or
basin which conducts the pulp to the apron are connected to the "deckles,"
one to each, the said two parts of the "lip" or basin will be moved
simultaneously with the "deckles," and consequently. the "lip" or basin will
expand or contract in width, so as to correspond with the width or space
between the "deckles."
The Invention also consists in a novel way of adjusting the usual gauge
employed for the even listribution of the pulp on the endless wire apron.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of
a portion of a Fourdrinier paper-making machine with the improvements
applied thereto, x, x, (Fig. 2,) indicating the plane of section; Fig. 2 is a
plan or top view, and Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same taken in the
Jine y, y, of Fig. 1. Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all
the Figures.
A represents a framing, in which an endless wire apron B is placed, the

page_text: said apron working over rollers a, and being constructed and arranged pre-
cisely as the pulp apron of an ordinary Fourdrinier machine; C, C, represent
the "deckles," and D, D, are the "deckle straps." The said "deckles" in
connection with their straps determine (as usual) the width of apron B, that
is to say, the space between the "deckles" is the portion of the apron which
is used, or is the portion on which the pulp passes. The "deckles" are con-
structed in the usual way with metal bars, having a pulley 6 at each end to
serve as guides for the straps D, which also pass round a drum E and pulleys
.c. The straps D work between the under surfaces of the "deckles" C, C,
and the apron B, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
The "deckles" C are placed near the opposite edges of the apron B, and are
fitted on guide rods F, the ends of which are secured in ledges or side plates
G, which plates are permanently attached to the side rails d of the framing.
The deckles" are allowed to slide freely on these rods, which have a trans-
verse position relatively with the framing, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. Through
each "deckle" C two regulating screws e, e, pass; the outer ends of these
screws have their bearings in the ledges or side plates G, and are allowed to
turn freely therein. At their outer ends each screw e carries a worm wheel f
which gears into one of a set of worms I, I, mounted on a pair of horizontal
shafts H, H. These shafts are placed directly above the ledges or side plates
G, and parallel with them, and have their bearings at the ends of those plates.
Each shaft H, it will be seen, carries two worm wheels I, I, and on one end
of these shafts handles g are placed, by which they may be turned when
desired. J is the "lip" or basin, which may be constructed of copper or other
metal; it is of the usual form, and provided with sides h and a back i, the
front edge of the bottom of the lip or basin projecting over the apron B.
The lip or basin is formed of two parts j, k, one part projecting over the
other. A.guide is attached to the back i of the part j of the lip or basin,
and the back i of the other part k works therein. Both parts j, k, are placed
on a proper strip or support m, and the part j is allowed to slide over the
part, so that the lip or basin may be expanded or contracted as desired.
The parts j, k, of the lip or basin are attached by clamps n, n, to the
deckles C, C, one to each.
From the above description it will be seen that by turning the shafts H, H,
the deckles C and deckle straps D may be moved laterally toward or from
each other, and the lip or basin J will at the same time be expanded or con-
tracted in width to correspond with the space between the deckles C, C, and
as these deckles with their straps D determine the width of the paper, and as
the shafts H may be turned at any time, the paper may be varied in width

page_text: whenever it is required, there being no necessity to stop the machine in order
to make the necessary adjustments.
K is a gauge formed of two parts p, q; this gauge may be constructed of
metal plates; copper or other suitable metal may be used. The ends of the
gauge are fitted in vertical grooves in the inner sides of the deckles C, and a
set screw r passes vertically through an ear at each end of the gauge, and
bears on the deckles, so that by turning these screws the gauge may be
adjusted bodily in a vertical direction. Each part p, q, of the gauge is slotted
longitudinally, as shewn at s, and a bolt t passes through the slots, connecting
the two parts p, q, but still allowing them to slide. To the inner end of the
part p a guide loop t¹, is formed or attached, the part 9 working in the guide
loop. A set screw L passes through the loop t¹, and bears on the upper edge
of the part q. By adjusting the screw L, the central part of the gauge may
be elevated or depressed, and the pulp, as it passes from the lip or basin, will
be evenly distributed on the apron B.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improvements in
Machinery for Manufacturing Paper," as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I
wish it to be understood that I do not claim the use of a gauge for distributing
the pulp over the apron, nor do I claim separately the adjustable deckles C, C,
for they have been before used; but what I claim under the above in part
recited Letters Patent is, the expanding lip or basin in combination with the
aljustable deckles and straps, the above parts being arranged to operate as
and for the purpose set forth.
And I further claim adjusting the gauge by means of the set screw L
passing through the guide loop t', and used in connection with a bolt t and
set screws r, r, as herein shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eighth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)