Improvements in Gas, Oil, and Steam Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 2nd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas, Oil, and Steam Engines.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS Hydraulic Engineer Peaseholm Green York do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improved engine is designed especially for use with gas, mineral oils, or other
similar agents and my improvement consists in abandoning entirely the ordinary
crank motion and to do this I may construct my cylinder as an ordinary cylinder
by preference adopting the type of the present gas or oil engine cylinders. I so
arrange my piston that whilst oscillating backwards and forwards freely it cannot
revolve in the cylinder. I extend my piston rod to any suitable length and provide
bearings where required to take its weight and keep it in the position required when
in work upon this piston rod I arrange a series of threads or turns or a certain
length of screw-Now it will be evident-that as the piston is drawn backwards
and forwards within the cylinder by the force of my agent employed-the rod with
its screwed portion will also be drawn backwards and forwards and that when I
place a nut or say a flywheel, whose boss is bored and screwed to correspond,
and when I hold these in position and cause my piston to work backwards and
forwards the nut or flywheel thereon will revolve as an Archimedian screw or
drill does. Now for my purpose I desire that my flywheel shall only revolve in one
direction and to ensure this I use by preference only the forward thrust of my
piston allowing the fly wheel to revolve freely at intervals by its own momentum,
thus I engage this with and disengage it from the piston rod as required by means
of a clutch or other contrivance and having thus secured continuous rotary motion
on the fly wheel I can readily arrange to attach to or drive any desired machinery
by my engine.
I may utilise the momentum of fly wheel as a force to return the piston back
after the forward thrust-or I may arrange if I prefer it a cup or other contrivance
on the piston rod which threaded on its inner surface will engage my flywheel or
spindle which I wish to revolve. Or I may use the actual backward and forward
motion, dispensing with the rotary motion if I prefer, where I wish to use my engine
as a direct acting pump or other contrivance.
D
S. H. ADAMS,
Peaseholm Green, York.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas, Oil, and Steam Engines.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS Hydraulic Engineer Peaseholm Green York and
5 and 7 Old Queen Street Westminster London, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My improved engine is designed especially for use with gas, mineral oils or other
similar or suitable agents and my improvement consists in abandoning entirely the
ordinary crank motion and to do this I may construct 'iny cylinder as an ordinary
cylinder, by preference adopting the type of the present gas or oil engines

page_text: cylinders. I so arrange my piston that whilst oscillating backwards and forwards
freely it cannot revolve in the cylinder. I extend my piston rod to any suitable
length and provide bearings where required to take its weight and keep it in the
position required when in work, upon this piston rod I arrange a series of threads
or turns or a certain length of screw.
Now it will be evident that as the piston is drawn backwards and forwards
within the cylinder by the force my agent employed the rod with its screwed portion
will also be drawn backwards and forwards and that when I place a nut or say a
flywheel whose boss is bored and screwed to correspond and when I hold these in
position and cause my piston to work backwards and forwards the nut or flywheel
thereon will revolve as an Archimedian screw or drill does Now for my purpose I
desire that my fly wheel shall only revolve in one direction and to ensure this I use
only the forward thrust (in one arrangement) of my piston allowing the flywheel
to revolve freely at intervals by its own momentum Thus I engage this with and
disengage it from the piston rod as required by means of a clutch or other
contrivance and having thus secured continuous rotary motion on the fly wheel |
can readily arrange to attach to or drive any desired machinery by my engine.
I may utilise the momentum of fly wheel as a force to return the piston back after
the forward thrust and I may arrange if I prefer it a cup on the piston rod which
threaded on its inner surface will engage my fly wheel or spindle which I wish to
revolve or I may use the actual backward and forward motion dispensing with the
rotary motion if I prefer-where I wish to use my engine as a direct acting pump
or other contrivance. My invention relates particularly to improvements in gas
oil and steam engines, but it is evident that it is also applicable to any engine,
motor, or appliance where a rotary movement is required to be obtained from a
reciprocating movement or vice rersa-and my improvement relates particularly to
the manner in which I obtain this movement. In another form of my invention
I prefer to construct it in such a manner that the revolving forward movement is
always maintained-so arranging my various parts that the backward & forward
movement of a piston shall during the whole movement cause to move in one
direction the fly wheel or spindle I desire to revolve. In this case I construct my
invention as follows. Upon a spindle or axle suitably held in bearings or by other
means attach a spindle drum, or cylinder, of the desired diameter and on the
outer circumference of this drum or cylinder I form a groove or grooves at a suitable
angle traversing its length and its entire circumference-the groove or grooves
being cut in such a manner as in an Archimedian screw, that when the cylinder or
drum is caused to revolve a collar or cup with pins or other attachment travelling
in this groove would if prevented from revolving travel backwards and forwards
I utilise this motion but I add additional grooves in the reverse direction and this
collar travelling from the one to the other has thus imparted to it a reciprocating
motion and in this way by connecting the collar to the piston rod of my engine
cylinder proper and admitting steam into this cylinder I obtain a rotary movement
without the intervention of a crank and in a very direct manner. I may form my
cylinder or drum in which these grooves are cut as a part of the spindle itself or
I may instead of grooves form spirals projecting upon the face of my cylinder or
I may adopt other meaus for obtaining the same end but I prefer to construct my
apparatus as shewn It is evident that any cylinder fitted with a piston which has a
backward and forward stroke whether gas oil steam water or vapour may be fitted
with this movement and that from this movement I can readily control the action
of the slide or other valves. In my drawing I cause the slide valve to open and
close at the required moment by an attachment to the slide valve rod which is thus
operated backward and forward by contact with the collar attached to the driving
fork and thus to the piston rod. Reference to my drawings will explain my invention
more fully.
In these Fig. 1 shews the improved motion connected to an ordinary cylinder A, the
piston rod B is attached to the driving fork C, this in its turn holds the collar D,
at E in this collar is a stout pin passing through and travelling in the

page_text: groove F, and at the other side a similar pin is travelling in the opposite groove.
The collar is prevented from revolving also by the deep groove G in which its
lower portion works backwards and forwards Now as this backward and forward
movement takes place, it is evident that the cylinder or drum H which is held by
the chairs or bearers J J is caused to revolve and that when these revolutions are
repeated the fly wheel will also by its impetus aid the operation and that a
continuous revolving movement of this wheel will be obtained and that without the
crank and its connections generally employed.
Fig. 2 shews an enlargement of the grooved drum H and Fig. a section of the
same with E the pin S and at M the foot of collar which travels in the slide
groove N.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The use of a mandril drum or cylinder or spindle having grooves cut along
its circumference of spiral form in such a manner that it shall when revolved
impart a backward and forward movement to a collar or other attachment in
combination with a piston rod from which the collar or other attachment shall
receive such backward and forward movement.
2nd. The use of a mandril drum or cylinder with a groove or grooves cut or
spirals raised upon its circumference in such a manner that when a collar or other
attachment connected therewith is actuated backward and forward the cylinder or
mandril shall revolve in one direction in combination with the piston rod and
cylinder which shall give to the collar or other attachment the backward and
forward motion.
3rd. The use of a drum or cylinder with guides spirally enveloping the same
sunk or raised which guides shall impart a rotary motion to the said drum or
cylinder or its connections the guides imparting this motion through the
reciprocating movement conveyed to them from a piston in a cylinder of steam gas
or other engine.
4th. The use of a spindle working directly from a piston the said spindle or an
enlargement thereof being threaded spirally and by its reciprocating movement
imparting a rotary motion to a nut or fly wheel grooved to correspond with the
spirals on the spindle the nut or fly wheel being held in such a manner that whilst
being free to revolve it cannot move in the direction of the cylinder.
5th. The general arrangement and design of the apparatus shewn and described
and its parts constructed for the purposes shewn or their equivalent though
differing in conformity substantially the same.
Dated this 28th day of December 1894.
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS.