Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Bending the Ends of Channel Iron or Steel, Tee and Angle Iron or Steel, to any desired Angle or Curve.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Sept., 1890-Accepted, 25th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Bending the Ends of
Channel Iron or Steel, Tee and Angle Iron or Steel, to any desired
Angle or Curve.
I, SAMSON Fox, of the Leeds Forge, New Wortley, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer and Ironmaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the improved construction of underframes of rolling stock referred to in an appli-
cation for Letters Patent of even date herewith, are described a certain process of
bending or turning channel, tee or angle iron or steel bars to a right or other angle
or to any desired curve, and my present invention relates to special tools or
machinery for use in combination with hydraulic or other press, or hand operations
may be used for producing the abovenamed forms and consists of a suitable
mandrel on which I place the bar under treatment (after being heated) with its
end or ends projecting over the said mandrel the required distance for forming
the turned end or ends. This mandrel is provided at its end or ends with a loose
tapered part on each side, in order that when the bending has taken place the
central portion of such mandrel may be withdrawn so as to allow of contraction
of the now bent bar.
Should the external angle of the bent end or ends of the bar under treatment,
not be to the exactly required angle, a second operation with suitable tools may be
performed thereon. The application of the special tools or machinery above described
is at right angles to the body of the bar under treatment, but I sometimes employ
other kinds of bending tool or tools, in which the line of their action is at an angle
of about forty five degrees with the boily of the bar to be beut, similar provision in
the mandrel over which the bending takes place being made to allow for contraction
during cooling.
Dated this 28th day of December 1889
THOMAS EDWIN CRAVEN;
Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Bending the Ends of
Channel Iron or Steel, Tee and Angle Iron or Steel, to any desired
Angle or Curve.
I, SAMSON Fox, of the Leeds Forge, New Wortley, Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer and Ironmaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to machinery or apparatus for bending or forming the
ends of channel iron or steel, T and angle iron or steel, to any desired angle or
curve; and may be used with advantage in the bending or forming of the ends of
bars necessary in the construction of underframes of rolling stock for railway and
other vehicles without the use of separate angle pieces at the points of connection of
one bar or member of the underframe with another and for strengthening the joint
according to the invention described in the Specification of my application for Letters
Patent No. 20887 dated 30th December 1889.
In the accompanying four sheets of illustrative drawings,
Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 (Sheets 1 and 2) are views of apparatus designed for use in
connection with a hydraulic press or other suitable pressing machine for the purpose
of bending the ends of channel iron or steel bars at one operation.
'

page_text: Fig. 1 is a sectional plan at A B Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a part sectional elevation shewing the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1
as it appears before the bending operation is commenced subsequent positions of
some of the parts being indicated partly in full lines and partly in dotted lines.
Fig. 3 is a cross section at E F Fig. 1 illustrating the positions the parts occupy
after the bending operation has been completed.
Fig. is a plan of the travelling bender.
a is a mandrel or block secured to the bottom plate of the hydraulic or other
pressing machine; 6 is a bar (in this case a channel bar) under treatment; 6' a
metal strip adapted to hold the bar securely in position during the bending
operation; c is a travelling bender; it is in the form of a slab or block mounted on
a loose carriage the wheels d d of which are adapted to run in curved recesses d' d'
in blocks e e, which are secured to the table of the pressing machine. is a presser ;
it is attached by bolt and cotter g to a finishing die block f. h, h are loose tapered
pieces to enable the central part of the mandrel to be withdrawn after the operation
is complete and to allow for the contraction of the metal.
The channel bar b Figs. 1 and 2 after being heated to the required temperature at
the end to be operated upon is placed upon the mandrel a, the heated end of the
said channel bar projecting beyond the end of the mandrel as shewn in dotted
lines at 62 Fig. 2. The travelling bender carriage c, Fig. 2, is then placed in the
upper position shewn in Fig. 2 and the finishing die block being actuated by
hydraulic or other means,, causes the presser to press upon the bender c, the
wheels d of which travel in the curved recesses d'. As the operation proceeds the
bender e bends the end of the channel bar under treatment to an angle slightly
less than a
right angle, the operation forcing a surplus quantity of metal to the
corner as indicated by dotted lines at r in Fig. 2, the parts c and f being then in
the positions indicated by dotted lines at c f in Fig. 2.
The parts are then raised, the cotter 9 and bolt are withdrawn, the
presser is removed, and the finishing die block f¹ is caused to move downward
until that which is now the top of the bender (whose position is indicated by dotted
lines at c²) enters the recess y; in this way the bender is forced to assume the
vertical position in which it is shewn at c', the face y' of the block at the same
time pressing and distributing the surplus metal of the bent bar that is indicated.in
dotted lines at r, and finishing the bend off to a right angle.
Figures 5 to 10 (Sheets 3 and 4) shew a method of bending the ends of channel
iron or steel by means of a machine working in a horizontal diagonal position. In
this case both ends of a channel bar may be bent simultaneously, or not, as required.
Fig. 5 is a half sectional plan of the machine.
Fig. 6 is a portable furnace in which the ends of the bars are heated.
Fig. 7 is a half front elevation of Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a front elevation of saddle, hydraulic cylinder and dies.
Fig. 9 is a cross section on the line A B Fig. 5."
Fig. 10 is a half cross section through C D, and a half cross section through E F
Fig. 8.
t, Fig. 5 is the bed or frame ; ; j are saddles, set at an angle of 45 degrees to,
and sliding on, the bed or frame t; k k are right and left handed screws for
adjusting the saddles to the length required; m m are hydraulic cylinders; m² m' are
rams; n n are dies; and n' n' die blocks. o is a channel bar under treatment.
pp are strips for holding the bar securely in position.
A channel bar whose ends are to be bent is heated at both ends, then is placed
with one end extending to the required distance beyond each of the die blocks n' ;
then the rams with their dies n n, are advanced from the positions shewn to the left
in Fig. 5 to that shewn in section to the right in Fig. 5 thus effecting the bending
operation after which the dies are retired to be in readiness for a succeeding
operation.
It will be evident that by using die blocks and dies of appropriate forms, the
bending may be effected to any desired angle or curve.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a machine or apparatus for bending the ends of channel iron or steel,
tee and angle iron or steel, to any desired angle or curve, the use in conjunction
with a mandrel and a suitably operated presser, of a bender such as cadapted to travel
in suitable guides or ways substantially as described.
2. Machinery or apparatus such as hereinabove described with reference to and
illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings annexed and comprising a mandrel,
a travelling bender, a presser, and a finishing die block operated by a hydraulic or
other press for bending the ends of channel iron or steel, tee and angle iron or steel,
to any desired angle or curve as set forth.
3. A machine or apparatus for bending the ends of channel iron or steel, tee
and angle iron or steel, to any desired angle or curve, in which die blocks, dies and
die operating apparatus are mounted upon saddles adjustable simultaneously by right
and left handed screws upon a bed or frame substantially as described with reference
to Figs. 5, 7 8 9 and 10 of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1890.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.