IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND FURNACES FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jules Blondel, of Neuville Vitasse (pas de Calais),
and Eugéne Siméon Joseph Bruneau, of Arras (pas de Calais); for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND FURNACES FOR
GENERATING STEAM."
Sealed the 20th October 1873, and dated the 29th April 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said, Jules Blondel and
Eugéne Siméon Joseph Bruneau at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 29th April 1873.
We, JULES BLONDEL, of Neuville Vitasse (pas de Calais) and EUGÉNE
SIMEON JOSEPH BRUNEAU, of Arras (pas de Calais), do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND
FURNACES FOR GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to an improved steam generator and superheater
with a moveable jointed bar fire-grate, the arrangement being applicable
either to tube boilers or to elephant boilers, or such as consist of a main
body with heaters or generators below.

page_text: In the case of tube boilers we divide the body of the boiler by a
horizontal diaphragm into two parts. The tubes of the lower part serve
to heat the water, while those of the upper part, through which the
products of combustion return, serve to superheat the steam.
The fire-grate consists of a series of trough-shaped bars fixed on the
joints of a pitch chain which extends under the boiler its whole length,
and is made to move slowly and continually round rollers or pullies
mounted at either end. The fuel is supplied at intervals from a hopper
above, and spread over the bars by a rotary spreader furnished with
buckets.
In applying our Invention to boilers provided with two generators
below, we employ three such moving grates, one for the main body
of the boiler, and one for each of the generators. At the end of the
two lower furnaces is a smoke chamber, whence the hot gases evolved
from the lower fires are led back by a flue to the front of the upper
fire, where they ascend and pass along the upper fire.
Under moving grates, such as have been described above, there may
be arranged a set of rails or trams with a truck for the removal of
cinders and ash; also a fan may be employed for supplying the fires
with air and rendering the combustion of the fuel therein more active.
It will be seen that according to the arrangement above described in
respect of tube boilers, the hot gases produced from the fuel flow towards
the front of the fire, thence they pass backwards along the lower tubes
heating the water, and return to the front along the upper tubes, super-
heating the steam, thus in their triple course giving off all their heat
without waste.
In the case of the boiler with triple fires, the gases from the lower fires
return and mingle with those of the upper fire.
'
By these arrangements a considerable economy of fuel is effected,
resulting from the regulated periodical supply of the fuel being given
without introducing currents of cold air, from the regular movement of
the fuel along the whole length of the boiler, and from the superheating
of the steam. Moreover, there is a diminished loss of heat by radiation,
the stoking is rendered much less laborious than with ordinary boilers,
and fuel of inferior quality and of lower price may be efficiently.
employed.

page_text: •
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jules Blondel and Eugène Simeon Joseph Bruneau
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th October 1878.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JULES
BLONDEL, of Neuville Vitasse (pas de Calais), and EUGÈNE SIMEON
JOSEPH BRUNEAU, of Arras (pas de Calais), send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Jules Blondel and Eugène Simeon Joseph
Bruneau, Her special license that we, the said Jules Blondel and
Eugène Simeon Joseph Bruneau, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Jules Blondel and Eugène Simeon
Joseph Bruneau, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND FURNACES POR GENERATING STEAM," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Jules Blondel and
Eugène Simeon Joseph Bruneau, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
..
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jules Blondel, on behalf of myself
and the said Eugène Simeon Joseph Bruneau, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that
is to say:
"
Our Invention relates to an improved steam generator and superheater
with a moveable iointed har fire-grate: the arrangement being annlicable.

page_text: either to tube boilers or to elephant boilers, or such as consist of a main
body with heaters or generators below.
In the case of tube boilers we divide the body of the boiler by a
horizontal diaphragm into two parts. The tubes of the lower part serve
to heat the water, while those of the upper part, through which the 5
products of combustion return, serve to superheat the steam.
The fire-grate consists of a series of trough-shaped bars fixed on the
joints of a pitch chain which extends under the boiler its whole length,
and is made to move slowly and continually round rollers or pullies.
mounted at either end. The fuel is supplied at intervals from a hopper 1
above, and spread over the bars by a rotary spreader furnished with
buckets.
In applying our Invention to boilers provided with two generators
below, we employ three such moving grates, one for the main body
of the boiler, and one for each of the generators. At the end of the 1
two lower furnaces is a smoke chamber, whence the hot gases evolved
from the lower fires are led back by a flue to the front of the upper
fire, where they ascend and pass along the upper fire.
Under moving grates, such as have been described above, there may
be arranged a set of rails or trams with a truck for the removal of 2
cinders and ash; also a fan may be employed for supplying the fires with
air, and rendering the combustion of the fuel therein more active.
It will be seen that according to the arrangement above described in
respect of tube boilers, the hot gases produced from the fuel flow towards
the front of the fire, thence they pass backwards along the lower tubes 2
heating the water, and return to the front along the upper tubes, super-
heating the steam, thus in their triple course giving off all their heat
without waste.
In the case of the boiler with triple fires, the gases from the lower fires
return and mingle with those of the upper fire.
€3
By these arrangements a considerable economy of fuel is effected,
resulting from the regulated periodical supply of the fuel being given
without introducing currents of cold air, from the regular movement of
the fuel along the whole length of the boiler, and from the superheating
of the steam, Moreover, there is a diminished loss of heat by radiation, a

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal, and Fig. 2 a transverse section of a
tube boiler arranged according to our Invention. The boiler is divided
by a horizontal diaphragm a into two parts, the lower of which b
traversed by the tubes c serves for the generation of steam, while the
upper part d having tubes c¹, c¹, acts as a superheater of the steam.
Below the boiler is kept continually moving a travelling grate consisting
of trough-shaped bars of mounted on the joints of a pitch chain g. This
chain passes round pullies or rollers hat each end, and is caused to
travel by giving these pullies or rollers rotary movement from any
convenient motor. The fuel is supplied from the hopper i, and being
spread over the grate by the rotary distributor j is thus made to travel
slowly the whole length of the boiler, so as to undergo complete com-
bustion. The gaseous products of combustion return towards the front
of the grate, and ascending pass backwards along the lower tubes c, c,
then forwards along the upper tubes c¹, c¹, giving out the greater part of
their heat in the generating and superheating of the steam. >
Fig. 3 represents a longitudinal, and Fig. 4 a transverse section of an
elephant boiler with two generators A, A, and an upper body B arranged
with grates, according to our Invention, the generators A, A, serving to
produce the steam, and the upper body B to superheat it. Below each
of the generators A, A, and also under the upper body B is mounted a
travelling grate G,. similar to that described in reference to Figs. 1
and 2, each grate being provided with a fuel hopper T and distributor.
Behind the lower chamber is a smoke chamber F (Fig. 3), whence the
gaseous products of combustion from the lower fires return towards the
front, and thence rising they mingle with those of the upper grate..
As set forth above, the ash pits may be furnished with sets of rails or
trams with trucks for the removal of ash, and air may be supplied to the
fires by a fan. Also as the fucl might be almost entirely consumed
before reaching the far end of the fire, coal dust may be thrown at
intervals upon
the incandescent fuel from a travelling grate mounted on
rails above the fire.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we claim,-
First. The use of tube boilers divided into two parts, an upper and
lower part, each traversed by flue tubes and serving respectively for the
generation and the superheating of steam, in combination with a
travelling grate consisting of trough-shaped bars mounted on a chain
caused to travel the whole length of the boiler, substantially as herein.
described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
Second. The use of elephant boilers in combination with three
travelling grates, such as are referred to above, and with flues so
arranged that the gaseous products from the lower fires return to mingle
with those of the upper fire, substantially as herein described, with
reference to Figs. 3 and 4.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jules Blondel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
ALBERT CAHEN,
Civil Engineer,
of 32, Boulevard Magenta,
at Paris.
J. BLONDEL. (L.S.)