IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS CR APPARATUS FOR CLOSING PUNCHING, AND RIVETTING HOSE PIPES OF LEATHER OR OTHER SUBSTANCES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PUNCHING AND RIVETTING MILL BANDS OR DRIVING STRAPS, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Senior, of Dead Waters, near Iluddersfield.
in the County of York. Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS CR APPARATUS FOR CLOSING PUNCHING, AND RIVETTING HOSE
PIPES OF LEATHER OR OTHER SUBSTANCES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PUNCHING
AND RIVETTING MILL BANDS OR DRIVING STRAPS, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Sealed the 19th January 1864, and dated the 22nd July 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Senior at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd July 1863.
1. CHARLES SENIOR. of Dead Waters, near Huddersfield. in the County of
York. Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CLOSING, PUNCHING, AND RIVETTING
HOSE PIPES OF LEATHER OR OTHER SUBSTANCES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PUNCHING AND
RIVETTING MILL BANDS OR DRIVING STRAPS, AND SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
lleretofore hose pipes have been closed. punched, and rivetted by hand. or
Now my improve-
without the aid of any self-acting mechanical appliance.
ments consist in the employment of machinery or apparatus so constructed
and arranged as to be self-acting in the performance of the several operations
required in closing or folding the leather of which hose pipes are usually
made, so as to form the pipe or tube, with the edges one overlapping the
other, punching holes therethrough, also inserting the metal rivets therein, and
1

page_text: rivetting them. The leather (or other material) being first prepared by any
usual means to the proper breadth, and to any required length, is drawn by,
through. between. or over rollers so formed that they will gradually turn up
the edges until they meet and overlap one another. folding the same upon a
mandrel or projecting arm. The mandrel or arm is grooved longitudinally, so
as to admit two rods or bars capable of sliding therein, one of which bars is
wedge-formed or has an inclined end, and is operated by a crank or eccentric,
so as to raise and lower a punch block and a rivetting anvil, which are also
placed in the groove. The other bar has a slot in its end to receive rivets
from a spout and convey them to the anvil, which on rising inserts them in
the holes in succession as or when the holes have been punched. The tube
thus formed is carried or drawn forward by rollers (to which is given inter-
mittent motion) under a punch and a rivetting hammer, which are placed at
a suitable distance apart and operated simultaneously, the one punching a hole
while the other is rivetting. The punch and hammer are operated (in pre-
ference) by means of a cylinder and piston and compressed atmospheric air
(but springs or other elastic pressure may be employed for the purpose) in
conjunction with tappets or cams. Washers, caps, or burs are conveyed by a
spout to and placed on the ends of the rivets in succession as they are pushed
through the holes by means of an escapement or clicker. the several parts
of the machine being geared or connected together so as to be driven simul-
taneously from a main shaft, and each part is so adjusted as to act or operate
in concert with each other part, thereby constituting a self-acting machine for
the several purposes herein-before named.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Senior in the Great Seal Patent Oflice on the
22nd January 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
SENIOR, of Dead Waters, near Huddersfield, in the County of York, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Iler most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria. by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign. did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors. give and grant unto
me. the said Charles Senior, Her special licence that I, the said Charles
Senior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the

page_text: said Charles Senior. my executors, administrators, and assigns. should at any
time agree with, and no others. from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed. should and lawfully might make. use.
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR CLOSING. PUNCHING, AND RIVETTING HOSE PIPES OF
LEATHER OR OTHER SUBSTANCES, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PUNCHING AND RIVETTING
MILL BANDS OR DRIVING STRAPS. AND SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition,
(amongst others) that I, the said Charles Senior. my executors or admi-
nistrators. by an instrument in writing under my. or their. or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I. the said Charles Senior. do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed. to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
Heretofore hose pipes have been closed, punched. and rivetted by hand, or
without the aid of any self-acting mechanical appliance. Now my improve-
ments consist in the employment of machinery or apparatus so constructed
and arranged as to perform the several operations required in closing or
folding the leather of which hose pipes are usually made, so as to form the
pipe or tube with the edges one overlapping the other, punching holes there-
through. also inserting the metal rivets therein, and rivetting them. The
leather (or other material) being first prepared by any usual means to the
proper breadth, and to any required length. is drawn by. through, between, or
over rollets so formed that they will gradually turn up the edges until they
meet and overlap one another, folding the same upon a mandrel or projecting
arm. The mandrel or arm is grooved longitudinally, so as to admit two rods
or bars capable of sliding therein. one of which bars is wedge-formed or has
an inclined end. and is operated by a crank or eccentric, so as to raise and
lower a rivetting anvil. which is placed in the groove. The other bar has a
slit in its end to receive rivets from a spout and convey them to the anvil,
which, on rising, inserts them in the holes in succession as or when the holes
have been punched. The tube thus formed is carried or drawn forward by
rollers (to which is given intermittent motion) under a punch and a revetting
hammer, which are placed at a suitable distance apart and operated simul-

page_text: taneously, the one punching a hole while the other is revetting. The punch
and hammer are operated (in preference) by means of a cylinder and piston
and compressed atmospheric air (but springs or other elastic pressure may be
employed for the purpose) in conjunction with tappets or cams. Washers.
caps, or burs are conveyed by a spout to and placed on the ends of the rivets
in succession as they are pushed through the holes by means of an escape-
ment or clicker, the several parts of the machine being geared or connected
together, so as to be driven simultaneously from a main shaft, and each part
is so adjusted as to act or operate in concert with each other part, thereby
constituting a self-acting machine for the several purposes herein-before
named.
In order that this Invention may be clearly understood. I have hereunto
annexed two Sheets of Drawings of a machine constructed according to my
improvements, with letters of reference marked thereon.
Fig. 1 (Sheet 1) is a vertical section thereof taken through the dotted line
in Figs. 2 and 3: Fig. 2 is another vertical section taken through the dotted
line in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a plan of the same.
A is a sheet or belt of leather or other suitable material, which has been
first made to the required breadth, and which is caused to pass betwixt a
cancave roller B and a convex roller B'. which together bend or curve the said
belt breadthwise or in its breadthway. The said belt is thence passed or con-
ducted betwixt a pair of concave rollers C, (, which further bend or fold it
into a tube on a mandril or arm D, lapping or folding one edge over the other,
as will be seen at Fig. 2. The folded edges thence pass over a roller E
carried in the end of the mandril or arm. and under a notched roller E', which
acts as a gange for the punching and revitting: the tube then passes in a
doubled state betwixt a pair of rollers F and F. which draw it forward, as
required. The mandrel is grooved or slotted so as to admit a bar G to slide
therein when actuated by the lever arm G', also another bar II, which is
actuated by the arm H. at the same time. 1 is a cylinder and piston, with
piston rod J. to the bottom end of which is attached a revitting hammer J'
and a punch J. This cylinder is fitted for the piston to be worked by atmo-
spheric pressure, the top end being provided with perforations and an india-
rubber ring forming an inlet valve I', and the bottom end is furnished with a
similar outlet valve 1. The piston and rod are raised, compressing the air on
the top thereof, by means of a bell-crank lever K. which is actuated by a cam
or tappet K' fixed on the face of a wheel L. and when liberated from the tappet
are lowered with force by the action of the compessed air on the top of the
piston. The tappet K' also operates a lever M, to which is attached a rod M',

page_text: which by a connecting rod M actuates two pawls or catches M³, M', which
take into two ratchet wheels N and O, by the action of which the rollers F, E'.
and F, F', have intermittent motion given to them to draw the tube forward
as it is rivetted. P is a spout for the supply of rivets to the bar II, which has
a slit or notch to fit on a rivet and push it forward to and leave it on the
anvil Q R is another spout with a hopper S for the supply of washers, caps.
or burs to the ends of the rivets; T is the escapement or clicker, which is
fixed on the same spindle with the ratchet wheel O, and consequently moved
at the same time.
Fig. 4 (Sheet 2) is a longitudinal section of the mandril or liollow arm with
the sliding bars G. II, and anvil Q therein, drawn full size: Fig. 5 is a cross
section of the same through the anvil block Q: and Fig. 6 is a cross section
through the feed spout P. shewing a series of rivets sliding down to the feed
bar H: Fig. is a plan of the said mandrel D and spout P. with the concave
rollers C and C. and a sheet or belt of leather (A) folded thereon; Fig. 8 is
a section of the rollers B and B', with the leather partly folded; Fig. 9 is a
section through the spout R and hopper S. with a series of washers & therein,
shewing the manner in which the escapement T removes one at each move-
ment from the bottom of the hopper. pushing it into the spout, whence it will
slide down to and place itself on the rivet; Fig. 10 is a plan of the said spout
and hopper, and parts in connection therewith.
It will now be seen on reference to the Drawings that the several parts are
geared together by wheels and pullies and straps. so to be driven simulta-
neously by a strap on the main driving pulley L. and the action will be to
draw the sheet or belt of leather or other material of which it may be
desirous to make a hose pipe intermittently, and as it proceeds the punch will
operate to punch holes therein at equal distances apart, and the bar I will
push or carry a rivet to and place it upon the anvil, which (by the time of the
arrival of the said rivet) will be lowered into the recess of the bar G by
reason of the said bar G being moved forward at the same time into the
position shewn in the details, and as the bars recede the anvil will be lifted
by the incline on the bar G. so that the rivet will he pushed thereby into a
hole in the belt; a washer. cap, or bur slides down the spout and places itself
on the end of the rivet, and the hammer then descends and rivets it; at the
same time the punch will punch another hole; the belt or pipe is then moved
forward another distance, and so on.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed or carried into practical operation.
I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details

page_text: of construction of the machine which I have herein described and referred to,
as it will be evident such may be varied or modified without departing from
the main feature or novelty of this Invention: but what I claim as of my
Invention, and which to the best of my knowledge and belief is new with
this realm. is the combining, constructing, and arranging mechanism or appa-
ratus so as to be self-acting in performing the several operations required in
manufacturing hose pipe, substantially as herein described and illustrated by
the annexed two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof. I. the said Charles Senior. have hereunto set my
hand and seal. this Twentieth day of January. One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Charles Senior. in
the presence of
WM TASKER,
Patent Agent.
Halifax.
CHARLES SENIOR. (L.S.)