IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of the Firm of Herbert and
Company, Solicitors of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster,
Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
A communication from abroad by Lucius James Knowles, of Massachusetts,
of the United States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th May 1880.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors
of Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING." A communication from abroad by
Lucius James Knowles, of Massachusetts, of the United States of America.
The present Invention has reference to the loom for which the said Lucius James
Knowles secured the British Patent No. 3519, for the year 1874. In carrying
out the said present Invention I combine with the harness operative mechanism
what I term the "reversing mechanism," consisting of a set of four gears, and a key
to two of them, all as, hereinafter described. Two of these gears are separate from
each other and turn loosely upon the shaft of the harness depressing cogged wheel.
The other two gears are connected together and supported on a journal projecting
from the loom frame. The two outer gears engage with each other, but the two
inner gears do not engage with each other, but with the gear that turns loosely on
the shaft of the pattern wheel. The loose gear on the shaft of the said harness
depressing cogged wheel have applied to them and the said shaft a slide or key, as
aforesaid, by which either of the said loose gears at pleasure can be engaged with
the shaft, so as to cause it to revolve with and by such gear; the other gear of the
pair being at the same time free to turn on the shaft. In the hereinbefore men-
tioned patented loom of the said Knowles there was a crank to operate the harness
and drop box mechanisms by manual power applied to such crank, such being
while the lay and its picker operative mechanism were at rest; a clutch in such
loom being first moved to disconnect the harness mechanism from that for
operating the lay. In order to work the pattern chain or wheel backward, it was
necessary in such loom to use certain mechanism, a portion of which was a slide
bolt. This mechanism consisted in part of a gear loose on the shaft of the pattern
Prins 71
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page_text: wheel, and engaging with a pinion fixed on the shaft of the harness depressing
cogged wheel. This mechanism is shown in the accompanying Drawings, of which
Figure 1 is a top view; Figure 2, a bottom view; Figure 3, a side elevation, and
Figure 4, a transverse section of part of the loom frame or its head with the
Invention and its adjuncts to be described; Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken
through the key and its gears of the reversing mechanism. In such Drawings
A denotes the loom frame head or part which sustains the shafts a, b, of the
pattern chain wheel B, and the harness depressing cogged wheel C, all being
arranged as represented. A gear D, having in its side a series of cavities d
arranged in a circle and at equal distances apart, turns loosely on the shaft of the
pattern wheel B, to which shaft along side of the gear is fixed a cross bar E pro-
vided near one end of it with a crank F, and at the other with a slide bolt G, the
latter being to engage with either of the said cavities in order to lock the wheel to
the bar, all of which constitutes part or parts of the loom herein before mentioned
as patented in 1874. The reversing mechanism is applied to the gear D and to
the shaft b of the cogged wheel C. This reversing mechanism is composed of four
gears e, f, g, h, two of which e, f, are separate from each other, and arranged to
revolve on the shaft b. The other two g, n, revolve on a stationary arbor or
journal projecting from the frame. The two outer gears e, g, engage with each
other, the gears g, h, being fastened together. The gears fand h do not engage with
each other (both of such gears being smaller in diameter than their fellow gears),
but both engage with the gear D. Å key H properly constructed and arranged in
the shaft b, and the gears e, f, serves to engage each of the said gears with the
shaft, that is to say, by pushing in the key the inner gear will be engaged with
the shaft, and the outer gear will be free to revolve independently of the shaft.
So on sliding the key outward the outer gear will be engaged with the shaft, and
the inner gear will be free to revolve on the shaft. The said reversing mechanism
so applied enables the pattern wheel or chain to be driven backward by the same
crank used to drive the harness operative mechanism forward to the extent that
may be desired, according to the number of filling yarns to be removed from the
warps to remedy or remove a defect in the weaving. Claims,
First. The combination, substantially as described, termed the reversing mechanism;
it consists of the four gears e, f, g, h, and the key H arranged with each other and
adapted to the loom frame, the loose gear of the pattern wheel and the shaft of the
harness depressing gear, all essentially as set forth.
Second. The combination of the said reversing mechanism with the loom frame,
the harness depressing gear, and the pattern wheel loose gear, and its crank and
crank locking devices, all being essentially as set forth.
Third. A loom having the following essential elements, viz.:-1st, harness and
lay operative mechanisms provided with connecting gears and a clutch or their
mechanical equivalents, to operate substantially as described; 2nd, a crank or
means of putting in action the harnesses and their operative mechanism when
the lay may be at rest; 3rd, a reversing mechanism, substantially as described,
by and through the aid of which the pattern chain or wheel may bo revolved or
moved backward while the lay and its shuttle driving mechanism may be at rest.
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of May, 1880.
H. J. HADDAN. (L.S.)