IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESS FASTENINGS, WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES.
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hannah Emes, of Adelaide Road, Haverstock Hill,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
DRESS FASTENINGS, WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES.
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the 20th
August 1861.
I, HANNAH EMES, of Adelaide Road, Haverstock Hill, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DRESS FASTENINGS, WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates to fastenings somewhat similar to hook and eye
fastenings used for dresses, and which I have represented in the annexed
Drawings.
Fig. 1 represents a wire or stamped metal hook arranged according to my
Invention; Fig. 2 a plan of the same. a is the hook which is formed in a
plane. parallel with the plane of loops b, b, by which it is fastened to the
garment, the position of which is represented by the red dotted lines; Figs.
3 & 4 represent a somewhat similar hook, but which occupies a plane at
right angles to plane of its fastening loops b, the red dotted line also shows
the position of the garment or fabric; I attach the hooks by threading a tape

page_text: through the loops b, and fastening such tape to the under side of the garment,
or they may be sewn to the garment if preferred. These hooks may be
hooked into any suitable eye fixed to the opposite part of the garment, and
for such purpose I find a shanked button very convenient, the shanks of the
button being inserted through the fabric and secured by a tape or otherwise,
at same time leaving the hole in the shank free to receive the hook; in this
case the button although forming part of the fastening is not used in the
manner of a button otherwise than as an ornament, and for this purpose
ordinary shank buttons answer the purpose well.
A further improvement consists in forming shank buttons with a hook as
represented in Fig. 5, I make these with a suitable shank c for the purpose of
fastening by a tape or otherwise, & with the addition thereto of the hook d.
The red dotted line shows the position of the one edge of the garment, the
hook and shank being inserted in an eyelet through it, it is secured to the
other part of the garment by hooking hook d into any suitable eye, fixed
thereto or eyelet formed therein, the button head in this case also forms an
ornament & serves as a grip in hooking the parts of dress together, an eye
well adapted to receive such hook, or indeed other hook is represented at
Figs. 6 & 7, which constitutes another part of my Invention, Fig. 6 being
an elevation, & Fig. 7 a plan of the eye of wire or stamped metal, red
dotted line shows the position of the fabric, the eye f is inserted through it
& fastened thereto by sewing or by a tape through its loop b, b, as before
mentioned. These fastenings are also applicable for various fastening purposes
other than for fastening garments.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Hannah Emes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HANNAH
EMES, of Adelaide Road, Haverstock Hill, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
.One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and graut unto me, the
said Hannah Emes, Her special licence that I, the said Hannah Emes, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Hannah

page_text: Emes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESS FASTENINGS,
WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Hannah Emes, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Hannah Emes, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
My Invention relates to fastenings somewhat similar to and to be used in
place of ordinary hook and eye fastenings used for dresses. In some cases I
use my improved hooks in combination with buttons, but in which the necessity
of button holes is obviated.
I have represented my improved dress fastenings in the Drawings annexed
in which Fig. 1 represents a wire or stamped metal hook formed & arranged
according to my Invention, and Fig. 2 a plan of the same. a is the hook
part which is formed in a piane parallel with the plane of the loops b, b; by
which it is fastened to the garment, the positions of the parts of which are
as represented at c & d, Fig. 9; Figs. 3 & 4 represent a somewhat similar
hook, but which occupies a plane at right angles to the plane of its fastening
loops b; e&f shows the disposition of the parts of the fabric or garment to
be connected. I attach these hooks by threading a tape through the
loops b, b, as represented at Fig. 5 & fastening such tape to the under side
of the garment or they may be sewn to the garment separately if preferred.
These hooks may be booked into any suitable eye fixed to the opposite part
of the garment or into an eyelet formed in it, or even into the eye of a button
shank, for such purpose I find a shank button very convenient, the shanks
of the buttons are inserted through the fabric and secured by a tape or
otherwise at same time leaving the hole in the shank free to receive the
hook, in this case the button, although forming part of the fastening, is not
used in the manner of a button otherwise than as the ornament, the button

page_text: holes being altogether dispensed with, for this purpose ordinary shank buttons
answer the purpose very well. Fig. 6 represents a fastening with the hook
united to the buttons as before described; Fig. 7 represents an end view,
and Fig. 8 a plan of an eye adapted as a substitute for the shank eye of the
button, these eyes may be sewn to the garment separately or threaded on a
tape sewn thereto in manner represented at Fig. 5, while Fig. 9 shows its
application to a garment in conjunction with the book first herein described,
it is also equally applicable to the hook represented at Figs. 3 & 4.
A further improvement consists in forming shank buttons with a hook as
represented in Figs. 10 & 11, Fig. 10 being an under side plan, and Fig. 11
a side view. I make them with a suitable shank for the purpose of
fastening by a tape or otherwise, and with the addition thereto of a book h;
shows the position of the one edge of the garment, the hook and shank
being inserted in an eyelet through it, and i the other part of the garment
to which it is connected by hooking book g into any suitable eye fixed
thereto, or eyelet formed therein, the button head in this case also forms
an ornament, and as in the other case serves as a grip in hooking the parts
of dress together. An eye well adapted to receive such hooks or indeed
other books is represented at Figs. 12 & 13, which constitutes another part
of the Invention, Fig. 12 being an elevation, & Fig. 13 a plan of the eye of
wire or stamped metal, it may be sewn separately to the garment by its
This eye
loops m, m, or it may be threaded on a tape for that
is
purpose.
represented in Fig. 11 as also in Fig. 14, the parts of the garment being
indicated at i & h as before mentioned, the eye or receiving loop p is inserted
through i and fastened thereto by sewing or by a tape through its loop m as
before mentioned. These fastenings are applicable for purposes other than for
fastening garments in which fabrics, leather, or other pliable materials are to
be temporarily united as will be readily understood.
Having described the nature of my Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be protected by
the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the form, arrangement, and dispositions of hooks hercio-before
described and represented at Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5, applied to the fastening
of parts of dress together as herein-before described as also for the purpose
of connecting parts of fabrics, leather, or other materials where such fastenings
are applicable.
Secondly, I claim forming shank buttons (that is buttons having a sbank
with an eye or loon whereby they are secured) with a hook as represented at

page_text: Thirdly, I claim the form, arrangement, and disposition of the eye repre-
sented at Figs. 12, 13, 14, & 15, to be used in combination with such hook
button as also when used with ordinary or other suitable hooks as fastenings
for dress and other articles as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hannah Emes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
HANNAH EMES. (L.S.)