Improvements in Dry Electrical Elements.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 20th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dry Electrical Elements.
I, CAESAR VOGT of Posen, in the Empire of Germany, Electrician, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is a two-chamber dry element, in which the
separated ammonium is bound to phosphate of ammonia by means of phosphoric
acid in an hermetically closed space.
The improved element consists of two superposed chambers, the lower serving as
current producer and the upper to bind the separated ammonium by means of
phosphoric acid to phosphate of ammonia, whereby a bursting of the hermetically
closed element is prevented.
The construction of the improved element is in the main as follows:
A manganese element is divided into an upper and lower compartment. The
lower chamber contains a manganese cylinder, the elongation of which is formed by
a carbon bar extending outwards beyond the upper chamber and having at the top
a pole screw for the positive conducting wire. At a suitable distance a zinc
cylinder is placed round the manganese cylinder at the height of the lower com-
partment. To the zinc cylinder is soldered a pole wire which extends outward
from the element and is insulated by an acid-proof substance to protect it from the
phosphoric acid contained in the upper chamber. The remaining free space of the
lower chamber is filled with a substance capable of absorbing and retaining.
moisture: This substance is then saturated with chloride of ammonium.
element proper producing the current being now finished is closed by means of a
suitable number of perforated pieces of pasteboard which separate the upper from
the lower chamber. The upper chamber is filled with any suitable substance
saturated with a sufficient quantity of phosphoric acid diluted with water.
Subsequently the whole element is hermetically closed by means of melted asphaltos
or similar material, so that only the two poles project..
The
When now the two poles are connected directly or indirectly, the chlorine of the
chloride of ammonium combines with zinc to chloride of zinc and the ainmonium
thereby disengaged combines with the phosphoric acid in the upper chamber to
phosphate of aminonia.
Dated this 20th day of January 1892.
HUELSER & CO,
Agents for the Applicant..
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dry Electrical Elements.
I CAESAR VOGT, of Posen, in the Grand Duchy of Posen, in the German
Empire, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
The chief defects in the dry cells hitherto used is that they do not last long, and
they do not produce a constant current.
The object of this invention is a new dry cell comprising two chambers and
producing a constant and strong current, while the freed aminonia is combined with
phosphoric acid in an hermetically enclosed space in order to form phosphate of
ammonia.
This dry cell produces a very regular current and is not exposed to the
n

page_text: formation of sudden currents as the zinc is uniformly acted upon in all points
while the wear is very slight and regular.
This cell has also a much higher electromotive force than the dry cells hitherto
used.
This dry cell is chiefly distinguished from those heretofore used, owing to its
consisting of two separate chambers, the lower chamber serving for the production
of the current, while the upper chamber is used for the combination of the freed
ammonia with phosphoric acid order to obtain phosphate of ammonia, thus
preventing the bursting of the hermetically closed cell.
In consequence of this chemical combination of the ammonia thus evolved, the
cell can be hermetically closed in consequence whereof no liquid can evaporate and
hence the efficacy is retained a much longer time than in the open "Leclanche"
cells.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, and
Fig. 2 a cross section of my improved dry cell.
My improved electric dry cell is arranged as follows:
A manganese cell is split into an upper and a lower division. In the lower
division is placed a manganese cylinder b, the prolongation of which is formed.of
a carbon core extending out of the cell and furnished with a binding screw for
fixing the positive circuit wire. At a suitable distance is arranged around the
manganese cylinder a zinc cylinder z both cylinders being in the lower division;
a wire a is soldered to the zinc cylinder and extended outside the cell being insulated
by means of an acid mass. The latter has for its object to prevent the phosphoric
acid in the upper division from injuring the wire. The remaining free space a. of
the lower division is filled up with a material having the property of absorbing and
retaining the moisture which is subsequently saturated with chloride of ammonium
dissolved in water. The current producing cell is now completed and is closed by
means of several perforated pulp blocks r,, which form the partition between the
upper and the lower divisions p and a. The upper division is filled with any
suitable material saturated with phosphoric acid diluted with water, when the whole
cell is hermetically closed by means of melted asphalte or similar material h, so that
only the two poles project out of the cell 9. When the two poles are directly or
indirectly connected the chlorine of the chloride of ammonium combines with the
zine to produce chloride of zinc and the freed ammonia is combined with the
phosphoric acid in the upper compartment or chamber in order to form phosphate
of ammonia.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
A dry cell consisting of two separate chambers in which the freed ammonia is
combined with phosphoric acid in order to obtain phosphate of ammonia, this acid
diluted with water being placed in the upper division of a hermetically closed
manganese cell, substantially as herein described and shown.
Dated this 20th day of October 1892.
HUGHES, SON & Co.,
38, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.