IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH RAILWAY AND OTHER LIKE BOLTS AND THEIR NUTS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Henry Betteley, of City Chambers, Fenchurch
Street, in the City of London, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND CONNECTED WITH RAILWAY AND OTHER LIKE BOLTS AND THEIR
NUTS."
Sealed the 1st June 1877, and dated the 2nd December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Henry Betteley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd December 1876.
JOSEPH HENRY BETTELEY, of City Chambers, Fenchurch Street, in the City of
London, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH RAILWAY AND OTHER
LIKE BOLTS AND THEIR NUTS."
The object of this Invention is to construct the bolts and nuts used in securing
fish plates and rails of railway and other like structures in such a manner that, 1,
each bolt when placed in position is secured without fear of turning or becoming
loose from vibration of passing trains; 2, each nut is prevented working loose from
similar causes; 3, each nut can be screwed up by the ordinary key or spanner;
and, 4, each bolt can be easily removed when desired without destroying it or
the nut.
I construct or form each of my bolts of oval or elliptical shape in cross section
and without a head; I form a screw thread at one end to take a threaded nut in
the usual manner; I form a rectangular or long hole at the other end for receiving
a pin or cottar, which, preferably, rests upon or against a ring or disc washer of
dished shape, and bears against the fish plate or rail. The inner face of the nut
is sometimes notched or ratchet faced, as is also the face of the fish plate or rail.
at that part, in order that the teeth of one may engage into the teeth of the other
to prevent the nut receding or becoming loose when once screwed up.
To remove one of my bolts when desired it will be only necessary for the cottar
to be pushed out of its hole in the bolt, when the bolt and the nut can be taken
out as one piece.
As a modification I insert one or more steel rollers in the working face of a nut,
that the rollers slightly project therefrom. Each roller when the nut is turned then
runs over the sloping side of notches formed in the fish plate, and falls into the
tooth to lock the nut.

page_text: As a further modification I pierce one or more rectangular holes through the nut,
into which I insert a steel più, catch, or paul, with the lower extremity bevilled;
this bevilled end I press on to the fish plate by means of a spring kept in its place
by a plug or screw. This pin as its nut is turned rises on its sloped side, and is
pushed again into holes prepared in the face of the fish plate, the straight side pre-
venting it being turned back.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Henry Betteley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd
June 1877.
JOSEPH HENRY BETTELEY, of City Chambers, Fenchurch Street, in the City of
London, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH RAILWAY AND OTHER
LIKE BOLTS AND THEIR NUTS."
The object of this Invention is to construct the bolts and nuts used in securing
fish plates and rails of railway and other like structures in such a manner that,
1, each bolt when placed in position is secured without fear of turning or becoming
loose from vibration of passing trains; 2, cach nut is prevented working loose from
similar causes; 3, each nut can be screwed up by the ordinary key or spanner;
and, 4, each bolt can be easily removed when desired without destroying it or
the nut.
I construct or form each of my bolts of oval or elliptical shape in cross section,
and without a head; I form a screw thread at one end to take a threaded nut in
the usual manner; I form a rectangular or long hole at the other end for receiving
a pin or cottar, which, preferably, rests upon or against a ring or dise washer of
dished shape, and bears against the fish plate or rail. The inner face of the nut is
sometimes notched or ratchet faced, as is also the face of the fish plate or rail at
that part, in order that the teeth of one may engage into the teeth of the other
to prevent the nut receding or becoming loose when once screwed up.
To remove one of my bolts when desired it will be only necessary for the cottar
to be pushed out of its hole in the bolt when the bolt and the nut can be taken out
as one piece.
As a modification I insert one or more steel rollers in the working face of a nut
that the rollers slightly project therefrom. Each roller when the nut is turned then
runs over the sloping side of notches formed in the fish plate, and falls into the
tooth in combination with the improved bolt to lock the nut.
As a further modification I pierce one or more rectangular holes through the nut,
into which I insert a steel pin, catch, or paul, with the lower extremity bevilled. This
bevilled end I press on to the fish plate by by means of a spring kept in its place
by a plug or screw. This pin as its nut is turned rises on its sloped side, and is
pushed again into holes prepared in the face of the fish plate, the straight side pre-
venting it being turned back.
And in order to explain this Invention more fully I will now proceed to describe
the means whereby it may be effected, reference being had to the illustrative Sheet
of Drawing accompanying these Presents, and to the numeral figures and letters of
reference marked thereon respectively as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figures 1 and 2 are views of a bolt constructed according to this Invention.
A is the body of the bolt, which in certain cases is made oval or elliptical, as
shown in Figure 2; B is the threaded part of the bolt, which can be made larger
3
Figures 1 and 2 are views of a bolt constructed according to this Invention.
A is the body of the bolt, which in certain cases is made oval or elliptical, as
shown in Figure 2; B is the threaded part of the bolt, which can be made larger
and stronger than the part A, as shown in the Figure, C is the mut, D is a rectan-
gular or long hole, the purpose of which is to receive a piu or cottar E, Figures 3, 4,

page_text: and 5. The cottar or pin can be split so as to be opened out to secure it to the
bolt, as shown in Figure 6.
The object of the body of the bolt being made oval or elliptical is to prevent it
turning in the oval holes in the rails or fish plates. The inner face of the nut is
sometimes notched or ratchet faced, as shown in plan in Figure 7, and in elevation,
Figure 8, as is also the face of the fish plate or rail, Figure 9, at that part, in
order that the teeth of one may engage into the teeth of the other, thus preventing
the nut from receding or becoming loose when once screwed up.
To remove one of the bolts when desired it will be only necessary for the cottar
to be driven out of its hole in the bolt, when the said bolt and the nut can be
taken out as one piece.
Figures 10 and 11 show side views of pieces of rails and fish plates furnished
with my improved bolts, nuts, and cottars; Figures 12 and 13 are end views of the
same.
Having now described and set forth the nature and object of this Invention for
"Improvements in and connected with Railway and other like Bolts and their
Nuts," and the manner in which it may be performed, I would remark in con-
clusion that what I claim as my Invention and desire to secure by the herein in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
Firstly. Making bolts with a cottar (split or otherwise) at one end and a nut at
the other for securing fish plates, substantially as set forth and represented.
Secondly. Using oval-shaped bolts with cottars and circular threads for securing
fish plates, substantially as described and represented.
Thirdly. Making the thread larger than the body of the bolt when the said body
is oval or secured by a cottar, substantially as described and represented.
Fourthly. Making the inner part of the nut notched or ratchet faced, substantially
as described and represented.
Fifthly. Making the fish plates notched or ratchet faced, so as to gear in a con-
trary direction with the notched or ratchet face of the above-described nut and
bolt, thus acting as a pawl, substantially as set forth and represented:
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Henry Betteley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
J. H. BETTELEY. (L.S.)