IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS APPLICABLE FOR GRINDING GRAIN AND OTHER PRODUCTS."
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Santo Pini, of Vienna, Austria, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS APPLICABLE FOR GRINDING GRAIN AND OTHER
PRODUCTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Santo Pini at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd September 1875.
I, SANTO PINI, of Vienna, Austria, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS APPLICABLE FOR GRINDING
GRAIN AND OTHER PRODUCTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in mills applicable for
grinding all sorts of grain and other products into cither grits or flour of
various degrees of fineness.
The mill is composed of a disc which may be either conical or straight
and of any suitable thickness or material, such as steel, iron, glass,
porcelain, or such like, and may be either smooth or ribbed. The disc
is fixed upon a spindle which can be driven by a belt or by gearing.
Two conical or cylindrical rollers are placed opposite to one another and
with a portion of the disc passing between them. The rollers be
may

page_text: either fast or loose upon their spindles, and are carried in such a manner
that they can be moved towards or from the sides of the disc; they may
be either of steel, chilled iron, porcelain, stone, or other material.
The bearings carrying the spindles of the rollers can be moved
towards or from the sides of the disc either by a screw or by eccentrics 5
on a spindle which can be turned by a lever handle; the bearings in
this case may be traversed away from the disc at an angle of 60° by
means of the eccentrics, and kept up to the eccentrics by blocks of
india-rubber and set screws; or other arrangements may be adopted for
moving the rollers towards or from the disc. When conical rollers arc 1
used they may be set with their base cither towards or away from the
axis of the disc.
The material to be ground is fed from two hoppers or feeding mouths
by smooth or ribbed rollers, which when turned deliver the material to
two flat pipes or shoots which conduct it between the disc and grinding 1
rollers; or other suitable arrangements may be adopted for feeding the
material to be ground between the disc and rollers.
By the above construction of mill four grinding surfaces are obtained
from three revolving parts.
tho
Compared with millstones the mill above described requires only half 2
power to do the same amount of work without any greater wear and
tear than usual; further, it is able to grind any substance within certain
limits.
In grinding corn and especially wheat a greater proportion of grits
and fine flour is produced with a corresponding lesser proportion of 2
common flour. The mill will also grind flour from 1 to 2 numbers
finer than that ground in the ordinary way.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SANTO PINI,

page_text: Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Santo Pini, Her special
license, that I, the said Santo Pini, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Santo Pini, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS
APPLICABLE FOR GRINDING GRAIN AND OTHER PRODUCTS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Santo Pini, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Santo Pini, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in mills applicable for
grinding all sorts of grain and other products into either grits or flour of
various degrees of fineness.
The mill is composed of a disc which may be either conical or straight
and of any suitable thickness or material, such as steel, iron, glass,
porcelain, or such like, and may be either smooth or ribbed. The disc
is fixed upon a spindle which can be driven by a belt or by gearing.
Two conical or cylindrical rollers are placed opposite to one another, and
with a portion of the disc passing between them. The rollers may
be either fast or loose upon their spindles, and are carried in such a
manner that they can be moved towards or from the sides of the disc;
they may be either of steel, chilled iron, porcelain, stone, or other
material.
The bearings carrying the spindles of the rollers can be moved
towards or from the sides of the disc either by a screw or by eccentrics

page_text: on a spindle which can be turned by a lever handle, the bearings in this
case may be traversed away from the disc at an angle of 60° by means
of the eccentrics, and kept up to the eccentrics by blocks of india-rubber
and set screws; or other arrangements may be adopted for moving the
rollers towards or from the disc. When conical rollers are used they t
may be set with their basc cither towards or away from the axis of
the disc.
The material to be ground is fed from two hoppers or feeding mouths
by smooth or ribbed rollers, which when turned deliver the material to
two flat pipes or shoots which conduct it between the disc and grinding 1
rollers; or other suitable arrangements may be adopted for feeding the
material to be ground between the dise and rollers.
By the above construction of mill four grinding surfaces are obtained
from three revolving parts, and by reason of the varying speeds of the
grinding surfaces the substances being ground are prevented from 1
shifting their positions whilst being acted upon.
Compared with millstones the mill above described requires only half-
the power to do the same amount of work without any greater wear
and tear than usual; further, it is able to grind any substance within
certain limits.
In grinding corn, and especially wheat, a greater proportion of grits
and fine flour is produced with a corresponding lesser proportion of
common flour. The mill will also grind flour from 1% to 2 numbers
finer than that ground in the ordinary way.
In order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily 2
carried into effect I have shewn in the Drawing hereunto annexed two
machines constructed according to my Invention; one of the machincs is
arranged to be driven by a driving belt, and the other by hand.
power.
2
Figures 1, 2, and 3, 4, shew respectively vertical sections and plan a
views of the two machines. In these Figures A is the framing of the
machine; O is the revolving disc fixed on a spindle D; this spindle in
the machine, shown at Figures 1 and 2, is driven by a belt and pulley E,
whilst in the machine shown at Figures 3 and 4 it is driven by toothed
wheels from the axis of a hand wheel E¹. F, G, are the two conical or a
cylindrical rollers; they can be adjusted towards or from the spindle D;

page_text: they may also be either fast or loose on their spindles ff. The bearings
H, K, of these spindles are in the machine, shewn at Figures 1 and 2,
adjustable horizontally by the weighted lever and screw h¹, whilst in the
machine shown at Figures 3 and 4 the bearings i, k, l, m, of the spindles
stand at an angle of 60°, and are set by the eccentric spindle " and the
lever at pleasure. t, t, are blocks of india-rubber pressed down on to
the top of the bearings by screws, as shewn; L, M, are two hoppers with
smooth or ribbed rollers r, s, at the bottom, which when turned by belts
from the spindles f, ƒ³, deliver the corn or substance to be ground
through two separate shoots l, m, to the grinding rollers. The amount
delivered is regulated by plates o, p, which can be moved towards or
from the rollers 7, 8, by screws 1, as shewn. and wo are two scrapers
which are pressed by weighted levers against the rollers F, G, to free
them from adhering crushed material.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I claim,—
First. The combination of a revolving disc C (having straight or
conical surfaces which may be smooth, ribbed, or grooved) with two
rollers F, G, of conical or cylindrical form, and with feeding apparatus for
feeding the substances to be ground between the disc and rollers, sub-
stantially as herein-before described, whereby four grinding surfaces are
obtained from thee revolving parts.
Second. Mounting the rollers F, G, of the grinding mill in such
that
manner they may be moved towards or away from the disc C, sub-
stantially as herein-before described.
Third. The combined arrangements of grinding mill, substantially as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Santo Pini, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year