An improved Dyцашошот.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1894-Accepted, 30th Nov., 1895
An improved Dyцашошот.
I, LOUIS SCHULER, of Goeppingen, in the Kingdom of Wurtemberg, Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved dynamometer which has, as compared with
other forms of apparatus for the same purpose, the important advantage that it
can be directly applied to the machine to be investigated, and may be also employed
instead of the belt pulley.
For this purpose there are made use of two discs, which engage with each other,
the outer one of these carrying flat springs, which so act upon tappets on the
inner disc that by means of a series of levers a pointer is set in motion, and by
this latter the force applied is indicated upon a divided disc which is set in
intermittent rotation by the inner disc.
Contrivances for removing the load upon the flat springs may be combined with
the above arrangement, so that, if it be desired to read off the power used at
certain intervals, the dynamometer may be put out of action, without its being
necessary to remove it or take it to pieces.
A further advantage of this dynamometer consists in the fact, that the disc
apparatus is susceptible of being removed from the dynamometer itself, so that the
former may be placed in the vicinity of the latter, and the power read off even
whilst the machine is in action.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can be
carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a dynamometer constructed according to my
invention:
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same along the line -x of Figure 1:
Figure 3 is a section along the line y-y of Figure 1:
Figure 4 is a front elevation of the dynamometer, and,
Figures 5 and 6 are a vertical section and an elevation respectively with the
indicating apparatus acting outside the dynamometer :
Figures 7 and 8 are respectively a vertical section and an elevation illustrating a
modification of the mechanism for moving the disc-scale.
On the driving shaft A of the machine to be investigated there is placed a disc B,
which carries on its boss the outer disc C, which revolves freely. In the boss of
the disc Care slits, as shewn in Figure 1, and these serve for the reception of
the number of flat springs c which are required for the experiment. Flat springs
are shewn in the drawing, but springs of other forms may be made use of.
The outer ends of these springs c¹ press upon a corresponding number of
tappets 6', which are arranged upon the crown of the inner disc B.
If now the outer disc C be set in rotation by means of a belt, the first effect is
the exercise of pressure upon the springs c³, and this pressure is transmitted to the
outer ends of the springs, and acts upon the tappets 6', and since the tappets are
connected with the crown of the inner disc B, upon the latter also.
As the result of this the springs, according to the resistance which the
dynamometer experiences from the machine under experiment, become more or
less curved, and rotate the inner disc B relatively to that of the outer disc C, that
is to say, that, in consequence of the tension of the springs c', the disc B will be
left behind the disc C.

page_text: The result of this is that a tenon-pieced sets in action a system of levers e, f, g, h,
arranged on the inner wall of the disc B, and the levers in turn by means of the
axle i set in motion the pointer k which is situated upon the outer side of the disc B.
The pointer k carries at its outer end a pencil or writing spring, whereby the
pressures evinced are graphically recorded upon a disc-scale D.
The disc-scale D is set in intermittent rotation in the following way :-On the
projecting boss of the disc B is placed a metallic disc E (Figures 2 and 3) which
is lagged with wood, in order to allow a layer of paper, or the before-mentioned
disc-scale, to be stretched upon it.
is
On the inner side, the disc E is furnished with a crown of teeth 1, in which the
pinion m, on an axle m' in the disc B engages (Figures 2 and 3). The pinion mis
set in motion by a toothed wheel n on the other end of the axle m', the wheel n
being in engagement with a smaller toothed wheel o. A ratchet wheel
connected to the toothed wheel o, and is made to rotate by means of the pawi q,
cranked lever r, and weight S the action of the weight S being such that at each
rotation of the dynamometer the same executes a to-and-fro movement.
By corresponding transference in the gearing n, o, the relative times of revolution
of the disc-scale D may be determined or fixed.
In cases where a weight, such as S, would be unsuitable by reason of its
centrifugal action I make use of a mechanism moved by a spring or train (clock-
train), that is to say, for low speed a weight can be employed, whilst for high speed
a spring and train of wheels or other suitable mechanism must be used consisting,
say for example, of a star-wheel Z' Figures 7 and 8 mounted upon a prolongation
of the axle of the gear mechanism (actuating the weight) the star wheel being so
placed as to bear against a stop Z arranged on the machine to be investigated.
The disc-scale D is furnished with circular lines of different diameters, which
indicate the corresponding pressures in kilogrammes. Since, in addition to the
pressures, the speed of rotation in meters must be determined for each set of
revolutions, the kilograme-meters or horse power exercised may be indicated upon
the several circles on the scale. It is then only necessary to observe what circles
the pencil cuts in order to read off at once the expenditure of power.
If, for instance, the dynamometer be graduated for 100 turns, the expenditure of
power may be directly read off when the excursions of the indicator have
rendered the corresponding line upon the scale D visible. A variation in the
number of revolutions only calls for a calculation, which may be dispensed with
by the use of a table.
If now it be desired to determine the expenditure of power in a given time, without
removing the apparatus, the flat springs are relieved of their load by inserting a
pin or screw through the two discs B, C, at any point, so as to couple the two
together, Figure 2. This coupling may also be effected by other means, as for
example, by an eccentric pin which turns in the eye of the one disc, and presses on
a lug on the second disc, so that the latter is simply taken round.
The recording mechanism may also be removed from the dynamometer itself,
and be so arranged in its vicinity that the power may be read off whilst working.
For this purpose, as shewn in Figures 5 and 6, the indicating mechanism, which
is to work away from the dynamometer, is so constructed of a cranked lever u'
pivotted in a bracket u upon the inner face of the disc B, the said lever receiving
its motion from the impulses of a pin u³ which is fixed in the boss of the outer
disc C. This motion is transferred to a ring by means of a rod which pierces
the disc, and a lever v¹, the ring », being placed outside the dynamometer but
connected with it by guide pins w, and thus partaking of its rotary motion. The
ring ³ may, however, be shifted in the horizontal plane, and moves to and fro on
account of its connection with the lever v¹.
By means of a groove in the ring v³ and a fork z which engages in the groove,
the motion is again transferred and passed on to a recording apparatus. The latter
does not call for consideration here. In general terms it may be said to consist of
a roller which is surrounded by a strip of paper. The roller, which may be placed

page_text: either vertically or horizontally, is set in slow rotation by the transmitting
mechanism, or by a clock-train, and the expenditure of power is recorded by the
curves inscribed by the indicator.
The scale might also be set in motion by prolonging the axle A. to such an extent
that a star disc may be placed upon it outside the apparatus. In any suitable
spot, e.g. in the cover, a pin may then be fastened, by impinging on which the
star disc may cause the scale to rotate through a certain distance at each
revolution.
In order that the dynamometer may be more easily attached to and removed
from shafting, the discs B, C, may be made each in two parts, and further, the boss
of the disc B may be provided with a centreing attachment, in order to allow of
the application of the apparatus to spindles of varying sizes.
The dynamometer, which is suitable to mechanical arrangements of every kind,
may also be made use of by connecting it to the driving pulley or other moving
part, which permits of its being used to determine the expenditure of power by a
Bingle machine as well as that of a whole installation.
As is clear from what has been said above, the dynamometer, by a suitable
arrangement of the scale, may be employed to determine the expenditure of power
of tools, stamps, in turning, screw-cutting, boring, and similar operations, with great
advantage.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A dynamometer, which is applied directly to the machine to be investigated,
and is at the same time designed to be used as a belt pulley, comprising two
discs B, C placed loosely one upon the other, the outer disc C carrying flat
springs c which act upon tappets on the inner disc B in such a way as to set an
indicator in motion by the intervention of a system of levers e, f, g, h the
indicator recording the expenditure of power graphically upon a disc which is set
in intermittent rotation by the disc B, substantially as set forth.
2. In a dynamometer of the kind described in Claim 1, meaus for unloading the
flat springs cor, otherwise putting the apparatus out of action by coupling up the
two discs B, C so that the apparatus works like an ordinary belt pulley, substantially
as set forth.
3. In the dynamometer described in Claim 1, the herein described means for
allowing the recording mechanism to work away from the dynamometer, consisting
of a pin u² on the outer disc C adapted to impinge upon a rotating cranked lever u
which by means of lever transmission causes the movement of a ring ³ which is
coupled to the inner disc B, but can be shifted in a longitudinal direction, and is
connected with the mechanism of the apparatus for recording the expenditure of
power upon a roller, substantially as set forth.
Dated the 21st day of December 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.