IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR COOLING LIQUIDS OR GASES, AND FOR CON- DENSING AND OTHER KINDRED PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Price, the younger, of Liverpool, in the County
AND RELATING TO
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR COOLING LIQUIDS OR GASES, AND FOR CON-
DENSING AND OTHER KINDRED PURPOSES."
aled the 29th July 1879, and dated the 4th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Price at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1879.
" IM-
JOSEPH PRICE, the younger, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
PROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR COOLING
LIQUIDS OR GASES, AND FOR CONDENSING AND OTHER KINDRED PURPOSES."
This apparatus is designed to supply a simple, cheap, and efficient appliance for
heating, cooling, condensing, distilling, and like purposes.
It consists in a series of tubes, preferably placed one within the other, and fixed
between end plates forming or connected to chambers. These end plates are con-
nected together by stays preferably coinciding with the axis of the tubes. It will
be seen that this arrangement forms a series of independent annular chambers, of
which the end plates form the top and bottom or ends. The plates or chambers
connected therewith are divided into sections or partitions, which are fitted with
inlet and exit pipes, and are perforated so that alternate annular chambers are in
communication with each other and with one set of these partitions and the
If the
remaining alternate annular chambers are in connection with the other set.
apparatus is used as a condenser the steam or gas to be condensed flows: through
one set of chambers through openings at their respective ends, and the cooling
the
medium through the other set. Similarly for heating or cooling purposes.
medium for heating or cooling is made to traverse the alternating chambers, and
the liquid or gas to be heated or cooled traverses the other set.
The tubes may be cylindrical or approximate in section throughout, or may be
widened or contracted at their ends. may corrugate the tubes in any desired
manner to afford greater surface or strength, or for convenience of fitting.
2nd. In some cases I do not use the annular arrangement of tubes, but place
them parallel or arranged in other suitable manner between the stayed plates and
chambers, or I may surround the tubes and chambers with an external casing,
which may assist to stay them. The external casing then may be used for. the

page_text: heating or cooling medium and the tubes and chambers connected there with fo
the liquid gas or vapour to be heated, cooled, or condensed, or vice versa.
To make the joints between-the-ends-of-the tubes and the plates of the end
chambers I prefer to use wood, paper, indiarubber, or other elastic substance, either
in flat plates, rings, discs, plugs, or otherwise, which are pressed against, around, or
into the tubes by the action of the stays or external casing before mentioned, or I
enclose the ends of the tubes in cylindrical grooves turned into the end plates before
described. I may adopt other-ineans of staying or securing the tube and chambers
together than those above stated. The heating or cooling medium and the gas,
liquid, or vapour to be heated, cooled, or condensed may flow through the
apparatus in opposite or in the same direction, being led to and from it by suitable
connections.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Joseph Price in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd August
1879.
$5
JOSEPH PRICE, the younger, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. 'IM-
PROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR HEATING OR COOLING
LIQUIDS OR GASES, AND FOR CONDENSING AND OTHER KINDRED PURPOSES."
This apparatus is designed to supply a simple, cheap, and efficient appliance for
heating, cooling, condensing, distilling, and like purposes.
It consist 1st In a series of tubes, preferably placed one within the other, and
fixed between end plates forming or connected to chambers. These end plates are
connected together by stays, preferably coinciding with the axes of the tubes.
It will be seen that this arrangement forms a series of independent annular
chambers, of which the end plates form the top and bottom or ends. The plates or
chambers connected therewith are divided into sections or partitions, which are fitted
with inlet and exit pipes, and are perforated, so that alternate annular chambers
are in communication with each other and with one set of these partitions, and the
remaining alternate annular chambers are in connection with the other set. If the
apparatus is used as a condenser the steam or gas to be condensed flows through
one set of chambers, through openings at their respective ends, and the cooling
medium through the other set. Similarly for heating or cooling purposes the
medium for heating or cooling is made to traverse the alternating chambers, and
the liquid or gas to be heated or cooled traverses the other set.
The tubes may be cylindrical or approximately so in section throughout, or may
be widened or contracted at their ends. I may corrugate the tubes in any desired
manner to afford greater surface or strength or for convenience of fitting.
'
Second. In some cases I do not use the annular. arrangement of tubes but place
them parallel or arranged in other suitable manner. between the stayed plates and

page_text: chambers, or I may surround the tubes and chambers with an external casing,
which may assist to stay them. The external casing then may be used for the
heating or cooling medium, and the tubes and chambers connected therewith. for
the liquid, gas, or vapour to be heated, cooled, or condensed, or vice versa.
-
To make the joints between the ends of the tubes and the plates of the end
chambers I prefer to use wood, paper, india rubber, or other elastic substance,
either in flat plates, rings, discs, plugs, or otherwise, which are pressed against,
around, or into the tubes by the action of the stays or external casing before men-
tioned, or I enclose the ends of the tubes in cylindrical grooves turned into the end
plates before described.
I may adopt other means of staying or securing the tube and chambers together
than those above stated.
The heating or cooling medium and the gas, liquid, or vapour to be heated, cooled,
or condensed may flow through the apparatus in opposite or in the same direction,
being led to and from it by suitable connections.
f
That my Invention may be more clearly understood I have hereunto annexed
one Sheet of Drawings illustrating its application as a condenser for procuring fresh
from salt or other water and such like process.
Like letters are used to denote like parts. Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a
condenser constructed according to my Invention; Fig. 2 is an external elevation
of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a half plan of the apparatus and half section through top
chamber on line A, B, both views being taken looking down; Fig. 4 is a half
section through the apparatus on line C, D, shewing the tubes and half section
through the lower chamber or line E, F, both sections being taken looking
down.
:
G, G, G, are tubes in this instance placed inside one another forming annular
chambers or spaces H, H', H, H',, closed at the top by plate K, and at the bottom
by plate L. The plates K and L are held together, and against the ends of the
tubes G, G, G, by the stay, M, which in the present instance is tubular, and is
screwed into the bottom plate L, and passing through the top plate K is provided
with a nut N.
Other modes of staying could be used, such as a series of bolts through projecting
lugs round each end.
The plate K is a portion of the box or chamber O, which is divided by the parti-
tions P into two distinct chambers Q and R, each of which is provided with a
branch for connecting pipes to, the chamber with its branch being for the
circulating water and the chamber R with its branch for the steam to bo
condensed.
Similarly the plate L is a portion of the box or chamber S, which, with the plate
and partitions T, form a chamber U (which chamber is provided with a branch for
connecting to piping, & is used for the circulating water) and the space V, which
allows the condensed water to pass away from the apparatus.
By means of holes a, a, a, a, passing through the plates K and L, the chamber R
and the opening V are placed in communication with alternate annular chambers
H', H. This allows the steam entering by R to pass through the holes a into the
aforesaid chambers H', H', where it comes in contact with the surfaces of the
tubes G, G, G. The water condensed after passing through the holes a in the
bottom plate L may enter by the opening V at once into the receiver or filter
chamber X, or may be led elsewhere by suitable connections.
By means of holes b, b, b, b, passing through the plates K and L the chambers Q
and U are placed in communication with the alternate chambers H, H, and the
internal portion of tubular stay M, M. I thus allow a passage through the apparatus
for the circulating water which may enter by U, thence passing into and through
the chambers H, H, and tube M, M, make its exit by Q, or vice versa.
The plates K, L, lining plates K and L, may be of any compressible solid
material not soluble or liable to be easily destroyed by the steam, hot water, or
other fluids circulating through. For most purposes I prefer wood, but for some

page_text: purposes, such as condensing acids in glass tubes or annuli, vulcanite will be found
best.
When the Invention-is-used-for-condensers for steam engines, and in other cases
where long tubes-are used, I strengthen the tubes by soldering or otherwise fixing
rings or bars to them of T, channel, H or L section with holes cut through the
horizontal web to allow the steam or other fluid to pass.
I-also frequently rivet or otherwise affix a strip to the bottoms and tops of the
tubes or plates to strengthen them and to increase their bearing surface on the
wood..
+
I have only shown one mode of carrying out my Invention, the annular plan, as
I believe it altogether the best, but it will be seen that tubular, volute, elliptical,
flat, and other forms can be used without departing from the principle of my
Invention.
Having now described my Invention, and the best mode known to me of carrying
it into effect, I wish it to be understood that I am well aware that annular con-
centric heaters and condensers have been used before, and that I make no claim for
annular condensers broadly; but that what I believe to be new, and desire to
protect under the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The manufacture of condensers, fluid heaters or coolers, and other like
apparatus of tubes, plates, walls, or partitions open at each end, but clamped or
compressed against slightly compressible plates at each end so as to form a series of
close chambers, through every alternate one of which chambers the fuid to be
operated on is passed, the heating, cooling, or condensing fluid being passed through
the other chambers alternating with these.
Second. The heating, cooling, or condensing apparatus constructed substantially
as hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Price, the younger, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirty first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
WP. THOMPSON,
British & Foreign Patent Office,
6, Lord St.,
Liverpool,
(& 323, High Holborn,
London.)
JOSEPH PRICE, JUNR. (L.S.)