IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE DISCHARGE OF WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS AND AIR AND OTHER GASES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John George Appold, of Wilson Street, Finsbury
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE DISCHARGE OF WATER AND
OTHER LIQUIDS AND AIR AND OTHER GASES."
Sealed the 22nd August 1862, and dated the 10th June 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John George Appold at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th June 1862.
I, JOHN GEORGE APPOLD, of Wilson Street, Finsbury Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE DISCHARGE OF WATER AND OTHER
LIQUIDS AND AIR AND OTHER GASES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of automatic apparatus,
whereby the rate of discharge of water, air, or other fluids supplied at varying
pressures may be equalized or made nearly uniform. This result I obtain by
mounting 'in a suitably shaped chamber, through which the water or other
fluid is passed, a swing valve, the movement of which (under the excess of

page_text: pressure of the water) from its vertical position will contract the discharge
passage, and thereby limit the discharge of water. The regulating chamber
in which the swing valve is mounted I form with a segmental bottom, and the
valve, which in end view is somewhat like a hollow wedge, I make segmental
at its lower edge, proportioning it so that there is a free passage of water
through the chamber both below and at the sides of the valve. The ends of
the chamber I make of smaller radius than the bottom, and I pierce them
with longitudinal vertical openings, which are by preference parallel for a cer-
tain distance, and then have a tapering contraction upwards. It will now be
understood that the water or other fluid entering the chamber at an undue
pressure will force the valve out of its normal position and cause it to rise up
in front of the discharge opening, the height which it rises and the consequent
amount of discharge opening thereby closed depending upon the pressure put
on the valve. As however the pressure is reduced, the valve will return
towards its normal position. In applying the apparatus to hydraulic lifts, for
example, I place it between the supply valve and the cylinder. This appa-
ratus, when the inlet and outlet passages are made alike, admits of the water,
air, or other fluid being passed through in either direction indifferently.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John George Appold in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th December 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GEORGE APPOLD, of Wilson Street, Finsbury Square, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John George Appold, Her special license, that I, the said John George
Appold, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John George Appold, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make;
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE DISCHARGE OF WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS AND AIR

page_text: .
AND OTHER GASES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
George Appold, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John George Appold, do hereby declare;
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner. the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
'
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of automatic apparatus,.
whereby the rate of discharge of water, air, or other fluids supplied at varying
pressures may be equalized or made nearly uniform. This result I obtain by.
mounting in a suitably shaped chamber, through which the water or other
fluid is passed, a swing valve, the movement of which (under the excess of
pressure of the water) from its vertical position will contract the discharge
passage, and thereby limit the discharge of water.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shews, in longitudinal vertical section,
the improved regulating apparatus; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with
the cover of the enclosing chamber removed; and Fig. 3 is a cross section of
the chamber taken in the line 1, 2, of Fig. 1, and shewing the form of the
outlet passage for the water or other fluid, the flow of which is to be regulated.
A, A, is the regulating chamber, its size or capacity being determined by the'
duty, it is required to perform. In this chamber the swing valve B is
mounted, bearings being cast on the sides of the chamber to receive the trun
nions of the valve.
The inlet passage to the chamber is at one end, and the outlet is at the
opposite end, and midway between then the swing valve is supported cross-
wise of the chamber, but leaving a waterway between it and the sides, bottom,
and top of the chamber. The bottom of the chamber AI make segmental,
the curve being. struck from the axis of the valve B, and the valve, which
in end. view is somewhat like a hollow wedge, I make segmental at, its
lower part, its radius being such as will, ensure a free passage below it
for the water through the chamber; its ends are, flat and parallel with the
sides of the chamber; so long therefore as the valve retains its vertical posi
tion, as represented in Fig. 1, the water will be free to flow past.it and escape
at the outlet passage. The ends of the chamber A I make of smaller radius
than the bottom, as shewn at A', but I strike the curve from the same centre,
:
:

page_text: keeping the radius sufficiently large to offer no obstruction to the-movement
of the swing valve. These curved ends I pierce with longitudinal vertical
openings, which are, by preference, parallel for a certain distance, and then
have a tapering contraction upwards, as shewn at Fig. 3, the object being to
graduate as much as possible the action of the valve, and prevent it (under
the impulse of a sudden excess of pressure of the fluid passing through the
apparatus) from beating against the top of the chamber.
The valve is cast hollow, and a passage is made for the water through it,
but in order the more completely to secure the smooth automatic working of
the valve, I place over the valve a A-shaped covering of metal C; having an
angle somewhat less acute than that formed by the sides of the valve. This
covering C hangs loosely on the valve, and is free to rock upon the apex of the
valve as on a fulcrum, its object being to act as a valve and stop the flow of
water through the valve B immediately on the occurrence of an excess of
pressure. A further provision, which I find it desirable to make in order
to adjust the action of the valve, is to close the space between the top of
the valve and the chamber cover by means of a shutter a. This shutter is
attached to a screw 6 which passes through the cover, and is held in place by
a nut c. By turning the screw on its axis the shutter may be made to close
the waterway above the valve, or throttle it to any degree at pleasure. The
red lines at Fig. 2 shew the shutter set at an angle, when the water will be
impeded to a slight extent only.
From the foregoing, explanation of the construction of the apparatus, it will
now be understood that the water or other fluid entering the chamber at an
undue pressure will force the valve out of its normal position, and cause it to
rise up in front of the discharge opening, as shewn by the red lines in Fig. 1,
the height which it rises, and the consequent amount of discharge opening
thereby closed, depending upon the pressure put on the valve. As, however,
the pressure decreases, the valve will return towards its normal position.
In applying the apparatus to hydráulic lifts, for example, I.place it between
the supply valve and the cylinder. This apparatus, when the inlet and outlet
passages are made alike, as shewn in the Drawing, admits of the water, air,
or other fluid being passed through in either direction indifferently. I would
further remark that the construction of the apparatus (so far as relates to the
material used for the manufacture of the swing valve) must be so modified
according to the use to which it is to be applied, that the swing valve shall
readily answer to the pressure of the passing fluid.
:
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of improved apparatus. for
regulating the discharge of water and other liquids and air and other gases,

page_text: and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to
be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent, I claim the
means above, described for regulating automatically the discharge of water, air,
and other fluids when supplied at varying and excessive pressures.
In witness whereof, I, the said John George Appold, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
J. GEORGE APPOLD. (L.S.)