as a Sound Deadening Lining or Filling.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1888
Specification Accepted, 5th Feb., 1889
as a Sound Deadening Lining or Filling.
1, HENRY WARD JOHNS, a manufacturer and merchant residing at The Dakota
Apartment House, corner of Seventy-second Street, and Eighth Avenue, in the City
of New York, County and State of New York, United States of America, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to a new and useful non-conducting Cement Filling or
Packing, especially adapted for use as a boiler or pipe covering and as a lining or
&c. &c.
filling for walls, safes, refrigerators, refrigerating.cars, wagons,
For the uses intended by me it is necessary that the filling or lining compound as a
whole should, be practically fire proof, although not necessarily absolutely so, that it
should be as light in weight as possible, and that it should be porous, that is, having
numerous air cells. I have found that sponge, using preferably the cheap varieties or
scrap, when disintegrated or divided as by cutting, picking, or otherwise reducing the
size of the pieces, serves the above purposes with exceedingly satisfactory results, and
especially so when combined with a due proportion of asbestos to add to its tenacity
and fire proof qualities, and suitable filling or body giving material, such as infusorial
earth, kaolin, &c. to give the compound the needful density, adding also, when used as
a plastic mass applied with a trowel, other suitable adhering or cementing substance,
such as plaster of Paris. And I have found that the following proportions produce
very good results. About ten pounds of finely divided sponge, fifteen pounds of
asbestos, preferably in long fibres, although the shorter varieties or granular asbestos
may be used, seventy pounds of infusorial earth, forty pounds of kaolin; ten pounds
of plaster of Paris..
Instead of the plaster of Paris any other suitable cementing or binding material

page_text: may be employed in such proportions as may be desired, for example, lime, and
instead of the infusorial earth or the kaolin, any other suitable filler may be used
. alone or mixed with the said fillers.. Magnesia is very useful for this purpose,
acting well as a filler and being exceedingly light in weight, and moreover
possessing some adhesive properties. When the fire proof quality is not essential
any other suitable non-fire proof fibrous substance, such as hair may be substituted
for the asbestos.
The above compound may be wet with water to make it into a plastic state for
application with a trowel, or equivalent means, wherever such application is desired,
or it may be used dry as a fillor for instance, in which case the extra adhesive
material may be omitted if desired, but I prefer, even when dry, to employ plaster
of Paris, lime or magnesia.
The proportions above given are not arbitrary; they may be altered as desired,
and are capable of great variation, conforming to the desired use, and in fact, when
the covering or lining will be subject to much jar or heat, I prefer to increase
the quantity of the fibrous and fire-proofing materials, thus for instance, for covering
for locomotive boilers, I make the proportion of asbestos fibre much greater than
above stated. The matter of proportion will however be readily determined by those
familiar with this art, when the special occasion shall arise, and it does not require
more full specification herein.
In the employment of the asbestos and sponge in my compounded products, I avail
myself of a discovery, made so far as I am aware by myself, of the peculiar "adhesive
attraction".so called, which exists between the tentacle-like barbs or lashes of common
sponge and the fine silk-like fibres of asbestos, whereby, when the sponge is brought
in contact with the asbestos it lays hold thereon with great tenacity, and when pressed
together to even a slight degree, their subsequent separation is very difficult, thus the
effect of the union of these two substances in the cement like mass, is to firmly bind
and hold the same together, better in fact, than though the sponge were not present
and an excess of asbestos or other straight fibre were used, because the sponge
particles being usually somewhat larger than the asbestos particles, the binding effect
on the mass is similar to that which would exist if common cow hair in plaster had
enlargements or knots formed in it, which would prevent the slipping of such fibres in
or through the mass when dry.
In order that my present invention may be clearly understood, I desire to
differentiate it from that which was patented to me in United States Letters patent,
dated June 26th, 1888, No. 385,120.
In that patent, I describe and claim an elastic, light, and exceedingly porous
wadding or batting, composed essentially of fibrous asbestos and fibrous sponge, it
had no plaster-like characteristics whatever.
In this present case, on the contrary, I mix with the asbestos and sponge the
substances above mentioned which acts as fillers or body givers, and as cements,
thus constituting a mortar or plaster-like product adapted to use with the trowel,
when admixed with water.
The plastic mass above described may be compressed into plates, curved or flat,
slabs, tubes, blocks or other forms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. A lining, filling or packing composed of disintegrated sponge and filling,
and cementing materials mixed together, substantially as set forth.
Second. A lining, filling or packing composed of asbestos, and disintegrated sponge
with filling and cementing materials, substantially as set forth.
Third. A lining, filling, or packing, composed of disintegrated sponge, mixed
with other fibrous strength giving materials and a cementing material, substantially
as set forth,
:

page_text: Fourth. A lining, filling, or packing composed of disintegrated sponge, asbestos,
a filling material and a cementing material, all mixed together, substantially as set
forth.
Fifth. As a new manufacture a cement covering, lining, or filling composed of
disintegrated sponge, a filling material, and a cementing material, compressed into
desired forms, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. As a new manufacture, a cement covering, lining, or filling composed of
disintegrated sponge, asbestos, a filling and a cementing material, compressed into
desired forms, substantially as set forth.