Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 15th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 15th Apr., 1887
We, JAMES KENYON, JONATHAN BARNES and RICHARD WALTON KENYON all of
Accrington in the County of Lancaster Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows :-
This invention relates chiefly to that class of vice known as parallel vices and is
applicable to vices for mechanics and joiner's use.
The object of the invention is to arrange or construct a parallel vice so that by the
turning of the handle or vice lever a screw may be thrown into or out of operation, so
that the loose jaw may be free at one time to be moved by hand to or from the fixed
jaw, and at another time when the screw is in operation the loose jaw may be made to
slowly approach the other as the pressure of the screw is applied.
The improvements refer principally to vices such as are shewn and described in the
specification of Letters Patent No. 4372 of 1877, but are not limited to such, being in
part applicable to vices of other construction where a screwed spindle is used.
The jaws of these vices are allowed to slide into or over one another so as to secure
a parallel travel for the movable one, and are arranged so that by throwing two racks
or their equivalent into or out of gear the jaws will be locked or released. In the vice
shown in the drawings of the above referred to patent these racks have straight cut
teeth, in others an equivalent of the rack is used consisting of a screw and a segment
of a nut the latter of which may be thrown into or out of gear with the screw, and
in others a screw or part of a screw may be thrown into or out of gear with a segmental
rack having screwed teeth or threads.
The movable rack or its equivalent is raised into position by means of a cam or rack
and pinion, or similar device, until it engages with the rack or screw carried by and
moving longitudinally with the movable jaw, when these engage, the jaws are locked
and cannot recede until again disengaged. By turning the handle of the vice the jaws
may by means of a screw be forced tightly together." Where the two straight racks
are used this screw need only be cut for a short distance along the spindle at the outer
end. The spindle passes through a bush or boss which carries the handle and is cut
with an internal screw thread to correspond with that cut on the spindle. The spindle
is tightly held in position towards the back of the vice by means of a spiral or other
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page_text: spring, and is prevented turning more than one half revolution by means of stops such
as a pin against a projection on the slide of the jaw. The turning of the screw bush
round the screw spindle causes the latter to be withdrawn or the reverse thus acting
on the movable jaw.
In order to cause the cam or other device which actuates the movable rack or its
equivalent to move simultaneously or approximately, so with the handle when it is
turned, a friction device or catch lever is employed. The friction device may consist
of a washer with a steady pin which fits into a hole in the handle bush and is revolved
by it. This revolving washer abuts against a shoulder on the spindle, or against a
washer keyed to the spindle, and is held tightly against the fixed washer by means of
a spring and nut. The friction caused hereby is sufficient to turn the spindle with the
handle a certain distance before the handle turns round the spindle. A washer of
leather, wood or other material may be used instead of the spring as a friction device,
but the spring will be found to be inost durable.
may
at
In the specification of Letters Patent hereinbefore referred to a scroll cam is used
to tighten up the jaws of the vice, a cam similar to that may be used with the screwed
spindle, or a cam with a plain or turned face may be used. Where the vice
times be required to be used for light work with a quick movement, a pin with a
spring screw or other device to hold it in position may be passed through the handle
bush into a hole or slot in the spindle, so that the two can for the time being only
move together, and the screw be practically out of use.
Natal thin 15th do.. M... 1906
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicants.
We, JAMES KENYON, JONATHAN BARNES, and RICHARD WALTON KENYON, all of
Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be parti-
cularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates chiefly to that class of vice known as a parallel vice, and is
applicable to vices for mechanics or joiner's use.
The object of the invention is to arrange or construct a parallel vice so that by the
turning of the handle or vice lever, a screw may be thrown into or out of operation,
whereby the loose jaw may be free at one time to be moved by hand, to or from the fixed
jaw, and at another time when the screw is in operation, the loose jaw may be made to
slowly approach the other as the screw is applied.
The improvements refer principally to vices in which the jaws when approaching or
receding slide into or over one another, so as to secure a parallel travel for the movable
one, and which are arranged so that by throwing two racks or their equivalent into or

page_text: A is the movable and B the fixed jaw of the vice cast in the usual way, the jaw B
being provided with holes b for bolts or screws to secure it to a bench or other
structure. The end of the jaw A projects into the base of the fixed jaw B, and slides
therein. C is a longitudinal rack, preferably of steel secured to the fixed jaw B,
which engages with the rack D, the latter being raised and lowered by means of an
eccentric or cam E on the shaft or spindle F. In the drawing, the two racks Cand D
are shown meshed one with the other in which position the jaws A and B are locked.
By turning the spindle F until the cam E lowers the rack D clear of the rack C, the
jaws are released, and may be advanced towards or drawn from one another. Wo
find however in practical working that for some purposes a grip between the jaws
sufficiently secure is not obtained by merely closing them by hand and locking them
when closed, and that the action of a screw is required to increase the pressure after
the jaws have been closed and locked by the meshing of the two racks.
On spindle F we cut or chase a screw to receive a bush or washer G with internal
screw to correspond. By turning the spindle in the washer, or the washer on the
spindle the jaws are drawn together and tightened. In the drawing the screw fis
shown cut at the outer end of the spindle F on which the washer G turns as shown,
which is the arrangement we prefer. G is the bush or washer which turns on the
spindle, being turned on its axis by a bar or handle G¹.
In order to cause the cam E or other device which raises or actuates the movable rack
or its equivalent to move simultaneously or approximately so, with the handle when it is
turned, a friction device is attached to or connected with the bush G, so that as the
handle is turned round, the spindle F turns a half revolution, turning the cam E, and
raising the rack D before the bush G is turned about the spindle. H is a second
washer with internal screw to fit the spindle F, between these washers is placed a small
spring h, or a piece of leather or other material suitable for a friction clutch. The
washer H is then screwed against the spring, until the pressure of the spring causes
both of the washers to bind against the threads of the screw with considerable force.
A pin I is then passed through one washer into the other to cause both to revolve
together. It will be evident that a device to cause a friction between the screw on
spindle F, and the boss G may be constructed in many ways, the object being to carry
the cam E half a revolution before the action of the screw comes into play. J is a
stop fixed to the end of the spindle to prevent the bushes G and H being screwed off.
The spindle is tightly held in position towards the back of the vice by means of a
spiral or other spring K, and is prevented turning more than one half revolution by
means of stops, such as a pin L against a projection M. The turning of the screw
bush G round the screw spindle causes the latter to be withdrawn or the reverse, thus
acting on the movable jaw.
To the skilled mechanic it will be evident from the drawings, that this invention

page_text: may be applied by cutting a screw thread through the cam E, and on the spindle F
The washer H or other friction device would then
where it passes through the cam.
be placed in contact with the cam. The first half revolution of the spindle would
cause the cam E to rotate, and raise the rack D, a stop on the cam would prevent it
turning any further, and the screw would then turn inside it drawing it forward, and
tighten the grip of the vice.
In the drawings a scroll cam is shown but instead thereof a cam with a plain or
turned face may be used. Where the vice may at times be required to be used for
light work with a quick movement, a pin with a spring screw or other device to hold
it in position may be passed through the handle bush into a hole or slot in the spindle,
so that the two can for the time being, only move together and the screw be practically
out of use.
The action of the vice is as follows; the jaws may, when loose, be set or closed to
any required position, so as to clamp the material. The handle G₁ and bush Gare
then turned, carrying round with them for one half revolution the cam E on the
spindles F which causes the racks C and D to mesh and lock the jaws. As the handle
is turned further round, the bush G bears against the loose jaw, and forces it towards
the other. When turned in the opposite direction the reverse action takes place to
release the jaws.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of the said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is :—
1st. A parallel vice, the jaws of which are locked by racks operated by cam or
eccentric, or equivalent mechanism such as described, having a spindle with screw cut
thereon for a portion of its length, and a friction device which causes the movement of
the cam or its equivalent before the action of the screw takes place, substantially as
described.
2nd. In a parallel vice, the jaws of which are locked by racks operated or raised
into position by a cam or eccentric or equivalent mechanism such as described, the
use of a threaded bush, moving on a screw cut on the spindle, and caused to bind
against the threads of the screw by a friction device by means of which the racks are
first raised, or operated, and then the screw, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
3rd. A parallel or instantaneous grip vice constructed and operated, substantially as
herein described and shown.