IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING BUSHES FOR FIXING DRUMS ON SHAFTS AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Price Griffiths, of Manchester Road, Burnley, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MANUFACTURING BUSHES FOR FIXING DRUMS ON SHAFTS AND OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 14th August 1858, and dated the 25th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Price Griffiths at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th May 1858.
I, PRICE GRIFFITHS, of Manchester Road, Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING BUSHES FOR FIXING DRUMS ON SHAFTS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
manufacture of bushes for
Bushes of this description
My Invention relates to improvements in the
fixing drums, wheels, and other articles on shafts.
are of a hollow truncated conical form, and are usually made by casting in
sand, after which they are bored to fit the shaft, and turned conical to fit the
eye of the drum or other article to be fixed thereby. The conical form so
made is then cut into parts by divisions in the direction of the length of the
axis. According to my Invention, I form these bushes in pieces of the exact

page_text: form required, by casting them in suitable iron moulds, by which means all
boring, turning, and cutting into pieces is dispensed with, and, moreover, no
waste of metal is incurred, thereby greatly reducing the cost of manufacture.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Price Griffiths in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
25th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PRICE
GRIFFITHS, of Manchester Road, Burnley, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
I, the said Price Griffiths, Her special licence that I, the said Price
Griffiths, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Price Griffiths, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MANUFACTURING BUSHES FOR FIXING DRUMS ON SHAFTS, AND
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Price Griffiths, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Price Griffiths, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of bushes for
fixing drums, wheels, and other articles or shafts. Bushes of this description
are of a hollow truncated conical form, and are usually made by casting in

page_text: sand, after which they are bored to fit the shaft, and turned conical to fit the
eye of the drum or other article to be fixed thereby; the conical form so
made is then cut into parts by divisions made in the direction of the length
of the axis. According to my Invention I form these bushes in pieces of
the exact form required, by casting them in suitable iron moulds, by which
means all boring, turning, and cutting into pieces is dispensed with, and
moreover, no waste of metal is incurred, thereby greatly reducing the cost of
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents an external view of the mould I use for casting bushes
according to my Invention; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of the same, while
Fig. 3 represents a plan, and Fig. 4 a like view, with the lid or cover removed.
A, B, C, is the wrought-iron mandril, which is furnished with three or more
feathers or leaves M, projecting radially from the enlarged part B of the
imandril, which part B forms the core on which the metal bush is to be cast,
it being of the same size as the shaft to which the bush is to be applied ;
F, F, is the body of the mould, which is bored out to form a smooth taper
cavity G, the end of the mandril C fitting and filling the small opening in the
bottom, while the feathers M, M, M, are fitted to the bore G, and separate it
into three segmental cavities: E is the cover, which is made sufficiently heavy,
and fitted to slide on the part A of the mandril, and has a concave space
fitting on and embracing the feathers M; L, L, are bolts, securing the mould
to a cast-iron plate K, in any convenient position for casting the bushes;
N is a bridge piece fixed on plate K, with its boss or centre opposite the
opening D in the plate K, and opposite the end of spindle A, C, the screw Q
is fitted in the boss of N, and has affixed to it a hand wheel P, by which the
screw may be turned, and pressure thereby exerted against the end C, for
the purpose of forcing out the mandril A, B, C, from the mould, when
required. This screw, bridge, and wheel is represented in Fig. 1 only, it
being omitted in Fig. 2, while in Figs. 3 and 4 it is obscured by the mould
and plate K. All the parts of the mould are of iron, and are bored, turned,
faced, or otherwise accurately made and fitted together. H, II, II, are three
holes, by which the metal enters the mould when it is poured on the top of
cover E. Before proceeding to cast the bushes, the mould G is well rubbed
with black lead to prevent the castings adhering thereto; the mandril is then
inserted in position, and the cover E adjusted, as shown. The moulder now
takes a small ladle of molten metal, and pours it into the upper hollow of
cover E, when it passes through the holes I, II, II, and enters the three

page_text: cavities of mould G, and fills them full. The cover E is removed immediately,
and the surplus metal contained in the hollow of cover E & of the holes II
knocked off, when the moulding is complete. The mandril is now removed
from the mould, which is effected by the thrust of screw Q taking effect on
the end C of the mandril. The mandril in being forced out of the mould
generally brings the cast bushes with it; when the mandril is withdrawn from
the mould, a slight tap with a hammer disengages the castings from the
mandril, which, when cold, are ready for uso as a bush for the
herein-
purpose
before mentioned. The mandril and mould are now allowed to cool, when
the mandril may be again inserted in the mould G, as before, and another
bush cast, and so on. It is obvious, that by varying the number of feathers
or leaves M, the bush will be cast in a greater or lesser number of parts, it
requiring the whole number of castings formed at each casting to form one
bush, and which is used precisely in the manner of bushes hitherto used for
like purposes.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention, to be protected
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the manufacture of
bushes for fixing drums, wheels, and other articles on shafts, by casting them
in metal moulds in a state ready for use, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Price Griffiths, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
PRICE GRIFFITHS.
(LAD)