IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS FOR SHIRT PROVISIONAL FRONTS AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan, Jewelers,
both of No. 82, Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris, in the Empire of
France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS FOR SHIRT
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Felix Alekan and
Isidore Alekan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 15th January 1868.
We, FELIX ALEKAN and ISIDORE ALEKAN, Jewelers, both of No. 82;
Boulevard Sébastopol, Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS FOR SHIRT
FRONTS AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements in studs relate to those of the solitaire description,
and are intended as fastenings for shirt fronts, collars, cuffs, chemisettes;
and other similar purposes.
The principal features of novelty in this Invention consist in the
peculiar construction of the lower plate attached to the small shaft or
pin, which latter connects it to the upper plate forming the head of the
i

page_text: stud or solitaire. This lower plate has a longitudinal opening or slit cut
from its edge or rim to the centre, abutting on the pin, but not so close
as to weaken or interfere with the solder by which the plate is fixed to
the shaft. The edges or lips on either side of the aperture are bent
inversely, that is to say, one is bent upwards and the other downwards,
forming a species of screw. The advantages of this system are that a
much smaller button hole is required than is necessary for the studs at
present in use, consequently rendering it next to impossible that the
cuff, collar, or shirt front should become accidentally unfastened.
In attaching the stud to the shirt, collar, or cuff, all that is necessary
is to insert the lower lip or edge of the aperture into the button hole,
and by turning the stud round it screws itself into position; it will
therefore readily be understood that unless a reverse operation is
performed, that is to say, unscrewing, the cuff, collar, or whatever it
may be cannot be unfastened...
The form and dimensions of the studs or solitaires would naturally
vary to suit desire or taste, as well as the substance of which they are
composed, as they may consist of gold, silver, ivory, horn, or any other
material, and they may be enameled, jeweled, engraved, or ornamented
in various ways and to any extent..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 13th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FELIX
ALEKAN and ISIDORE ALEKAN, Jewelers, both of No. 82, Boulevard
Sébastopol, Paris, in the Empire of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan, Her
special licence that we, the said Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
E

page_text: and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STUDS FOR SHIRT FRONTS AND
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is
to say :-
Our improvements in studs relate also to those of the solitaire
description, and are intended for shirt fronts, collars, cuffs, chemisettes,
and other similar purposes.
The principal features of novelty in this Invention consist in the
peculiar construction of the lower plate attached to the shaft or pin,
which latter connects it to the upper plate forming the head of the stud
or solitaire. This lower plate has a longitudinal opening or slit cut from
its edge or rim to the centre abutting on the pin, but not so close as to
weaken or interfere with the solder by which the plate is fixed to the
shaft. The edges on either side of the aperture are bent inversely, that
is to say, one is bent upwards and the other downwards, forming a
species of screw. The advantages of this system are that a much smaller
button hole is required than is necessary for the studs and solitaires at
present in use, consequently rendering it next to impossible that the
cuff, collar, or shirt front should become accidentally unfastened.
In attaching the stud to the shirt collar or cuff all that is necessary
is to insert the lower lip or edge of the aperture into the button hole,
and by turning the stud round it screws itself into position; it will
therefore readily be understood that unless a reverse operation is per-
formed, that is to say, unscrewing, the cuff, collar, or whatever it may
be, cannot be unfastened.

page_text: The form and dimensions of the studs or solitaires would naturally
vary to suit desire or taste, as well as the substance of which they are
composed, as they may consist of gold, silver, ivory, horn, or any other
material, and they may be enameled, jeweled, engraved, or ornamented
to any extent.
Figure 1 is a side view of a stud of the above-mentioned description.
a is the bottom plate; b, the longitudinal aperture, having the edges
bent inversely; c is the shaft.
Figure 2 is the top of the button or stud.
Figure 3 is a bottom view of the stud, shewing the bottom plate a and
opening b.
Figure 4 is a separate view of the plate a with aperture b, having its
edges or lips bent inversely.
Having thus described our Invention what we claim and desire to
secure by Letters Patent is, the application (to studs, solitaires, and
similar buttons,) of the bottom plate a, having a longitudinal slit or
opening b, the edges or lips of the said aperture being bent inversely,
that is to say, one upwards and the other downwards, so as to form a
species of screw, in the manner and for the purpose as herein set forth
and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Felix Alekan and Isidore Alekan,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of
June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-eight.
Witness,
E. HÉBRE.
FELIX ALEKAN.
(L.S.)
ISIDORE ALEKAN. (L.S.)