Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Grease, Dirt, and Moisture from Exhaust Steam, and Removing the Condensed Steam or Water therefrom, and from Pipes Conveying the same.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct.. 1895
Complete Specification Left, 22nd July, 1896-Accepted, 10'h Oct.,
1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Grease, Dirt, and Moisture
from Exhaust Steam, and Removing the Condensed Steam or
Water therefrom, and from Pipes Conveying the same.
We, EDWARD DAVIES of Plas Dinam, Llandinam, in the County of Montgomery,
Engineer, and JAMES METCALFE of 32 North Parade, Aberystwith, in the County
of Cardigan, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, to be as
follows
--
1. Our invention relates to arrangements or apparatus for separating grease &c.
and condensed steam, water or moisture from exhaust steam, more particularly such
as is used for actuating exhaust steam or combined exhaust and supplementary live
steam injectors, for feeding steam generators with water and especially such injectors
as are used on locomotives.
According to one modification of our invention, a vessel or chamber is formed,
into one end of which the ex baust steam is brought and it passes out at the other
end of the chamber, but the outlet is connected with a tube extending the length
of the chamber.
This tube is passed through a hole at one end of the chamber until its other end
comes into a socket at the outlet end of the chamber, which outlet is connected up
with the pipe taking the exhaust steam away which has passed through the
apparatus. The hole through which the tube is passed at one end of the chamber
18 closed by a lid or screw cap flund tight.
The tube is perforated over its entire surface with small holes, or it is ribbed
and with large perforations, and there is wire gauze or thin perforated plate over
the ribs.
The exhaust steam entering the chamber surrounds this perforated tube and
passes through its holes into its interior and then leaves at the outlet from the
chamber. The grease &c. in the steam is left upon the tube, but by preference
the exterior of the tube or its gauze or perforated plate sheath is covered by cloth
01 some suitable fibrous material and this perforated tube in some cases niay have
also if desired, filtering material inside of it.
The perforated tube is arranged as described, so that it can be readily withdrawn
from the chamber, cleaned and replaced with washed or fresh fibious covering and
filtering material. There is a cavity in the chamber below the perforated tube to
receive the moisture or condensed steam from the exhaust steam and the level of
the liquid within this cavity is kept at a fixed height, so that the steam entering
the vessel and passing to and though the perforated tube impinges upon its surface
and is thus more or less washed
From the bottom of the cavity in the chamber for liquid there is a vertical pipe,
the upper end of which is open at the level at which the liquid is to remain in the
chamber, and as the liquid accumulates in this cavity it overflows into the mouth
of the tube and passes to an automatic valve which may be a ball or other suitable
valve which will lift and open and allow the liquid to escape when there is a
sufficient head of liquid in the tube.
The above described apparatus may be modified by making the outlet from the
chamber the inlet for exhaust steam and the inlet the outlet from the chamber.
2. According to another modification of our invention a chamber is formed
having an inlet and outlet for exhaust steam on opposite sides of it, and within it

page_text: there is a series of thin plates either solid or perforated with small holes The
exhaust steam entering aud passing through this chamber strikes against the
surfaces of the thin plates.
If the plates are unper folated they are arranged so that the steam will have to
pass over the top of the first plate, in between it and the second plate, under the
second plate and between it and the third plate and over it and so on according to
the number of plates.
These plates are or may be covered with cloth or fibious texture or absorbent
material, and then lower ends come close to, or dip into the condensed steam or
liquid retained in the lower part of the chamber, which liquid is drawn off through
a tube and automatic valve aanged as explained in respect of the modification
herebelo e descubed under the first head The chamber is constructed so that
the plates may be readily removed by removing a fluid tight cover.
In some cases some suitable filtering or absorbent material is placed between the
plates With this modification and that under the first head there is or may be
combined a winged or throttle valve to regulate or turn on and off the exhaust steam
passing to the injector.
3. The pipes especially those carrying exhaust steam from the exhaust passages
of a locomotive cannot always be conveniently arranged to pass in one continuous
descending incline to the exhaust injector and there are frequently ascents and
descents in the pipe and condensed exhaust steam lodges and collects at the lowest
bends of the pipes, and the object of this part of our invention is to remove such
collections of water from pipes conveying exbaust steam by arranging an automatic
valve such as those herein before referied to under the first and second heads of
our invention, at those parts of the pipes where the condensed steam or water
accumulates The pipe connected with the automatic valve may be in a small
chamber screwed or otherwise secured to the pipe at the point where the water
fodges in it
The cavities or chambers for liquid which passes through the automatic valve
herembefore referred to under each head ate oi may be provided with a hole for
cleaning out, such hole being closed by a screw plug.
Dated this Twenty-second day of October 1895.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Grease, Dirt, and Moisture
from Exhaust Steam, and Removing the Condensed Steam or
Water therefrom, and from Pipes Conveying the same.
We, EDWARD DAVIES of Plas Dinam, Llundinam, in the County of Montgomery,
Engineer, and JAMES METCALFE of 32 North Parade, Aberystwith, in the County
of Cardigan, Engmeer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
maune the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
"
1 Our invention relates to arrangements on apparatus for separating grease.&o.
and condensed steam, water or moisture from exhaust steam, more particularly such
as is used for actuating exhaust steam or combined exhaust and supplementary live
steam injectors, for feeding steam generators with water and especially such
injectors as are used on locomotives.
According to one modification of our invention, a vessel or chamber 18 formed,
into one end of which the exhaust steam is brought and it passes out at the other
end of the chamber, but the outlet is connected with a tube extending the length
of the chamber.

page_text: This tube is passed through a hole at one enl of the chamber until its other end
comes into a socket at the outlet end of the chamber, which outlet 18 connected up
with the pipe taking the exhaust steam away which has passed through the
apparatus. The hole through which the tube is passed at one end of the chamber
is closed by a lid or screw cap fluid tight.
The tube is perforated over its entire surface with small holes, ou it is ribbed and
with large perforations, and there is wire gauze or thin perforated plate over
the ribs.
The exhaust steam entering the chamber surrounds this perforated tube and
passes through its holes into its interior and then leaves at the outlet from the
chamber.
The grease &c. in the steam is left upon the tube, but by preference the exterior
of the tube or its gauze or perforated plate sheath is covered by cloth or some
suitable fibrous material and this perforated tube in some cases may have also if
desued filtering material inside of it.
The perforated tube is arranged as described, so that it can be readily withdrawn
from the chamber, cleaned and replaced with washed or fresh fibrous covering and
filtering material.
There is a cavity in the chamber below the perforated tube to receive the
moistune or condensed steam from the exhaust steam and the level of the liquid
within this cavity is kept at a fixed height, so that the steun entering the vessel
and passing to and through the perforated tube, impinges upon its surface and is
thus more or less washed.
From the bottom of the cavity in the chamber for liquid there is a vertical pipe,
the upper end of which is open at the level at which the liquid is to remain in the
chamber and as the hquid accumulates in this cavity it over flows into the mouth of
the tube and passes to an automatic valve which may be a ball or other suitable
valve which will lift and open and allow the liquid to escape when there is a
sufficient head of liquid in the tube.
The above described apparatus may be modified by making the outlet from
the chamber the mlet for exhaust steam, and the inlet the outlet from the
chamber
2. According to another modification of our invention a chamber is formed
having an inlet and outlet for exhaust steam on opposite sides of it, and within
it there is a series of thin plates either solid or perforated with small holes
The exhaust steam entering and passing through this chamber strikes against
the surfaces of the thin plates.
If the plates are unperforated they are arranged so that the steam will have
to pass over the top of the first plate, in between it and the second plate, under
the second plate, and between it and the thud plate and over it and so on
according to the number of plates.
The plates are or may be covered with cloth or fibrous texture or absorbent
material, and their lower ends come close to, or dip into the condensed steam or
liquid retained in the lower part of the chamber, which liquid is drawn off through
a tube and antomatic valve airanged as explained in respect of the modification
beebetore described under the first head.
The chamber is constructed so that the plates may be readily removed by
removing a fluid tight cover
In some cases some suitable filtering or absorbent material is placed between the
plates.
With this modification, and that under the first head there is or may be combined
a winged or throttle valve to regulate or turn on and off the exhaust steam passing
to the injector.
3 The pipes especially those carrying exhaust steam from the exhaust passages
of a locomotive cannot always he conveniently arranged to pass to one continuous
descending necline to the exhaust injector and there are frequently ascents and
descents in the pipe and condensed exhaust steam lodges and collects at the lowest

page_text: bends of the pipes, and the object of this part of our invention is to remove such
collections of water from pipes conveying exhaust steam by arranging an automatic
valve snch as those herembefore referred to under the first and second heads of our
invention, at those parts of the pipes where the condensed steam or water
accumulates.
The pipe connected with the automatic valve may be in a small chamber
screwed or other wise secured to the pipe at the point where the water lodges
In it
The cavities or chambers for liquid which passes through the automatic valve
hereinbefore referred to under each head are or may be provided with a hole for
cleaning out, such hole being closed by a screw plug
Fig 1, is a longitudinal elevation in section.
Fig. 2, is a longitudinal elevation in section of a modification of the internal
perforated tube detached.
Figs. 3 and 4 are each views similar to Fig. 1, illustrating other modifications.
Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are each longitudinal elevations in section of other modifi-
cations.
Fig. 8, is a longitudinal elevation in section illustrating the third part of our
invention.
In Figs 1, 3 and 4-a, is the external casing of the apparatus formed in
one casting-a, Figs. 1 and 3 is a lid or cover which allows access to filtering
tube b.
b, Fig 1, is a tube, the sides of which are perforated with holes b'.
It is covered on its exterior with suitable fibrous material 62, such as asbestos,
wool, cotton or other suitable material spun into threads and woven or knitted.
As
This covering 6, of fibrous material extends from end to end of the tube b, and
18 secured to its ends by hoops of metal or in any other convenient manner
shown in Fig. 1, the fibrous material 62, extends over the cuds of the tube b. The
inner side of the chamber a, for the inner end of the tube b, 1s or may be bored,
turned or faced in suitable (cone or flit) form, and the cone flange a², and inner
face of the lid a', is or may also be turned on faced so that both ends of the tube b,
will make a fund tight joint, one with the side of the chamber a, and the other
with the cone face of the cover a¹, when the latter is secured in any convenient
manner to the casting forming the chamber a
The pipe (not shown) conveying the steam to the apparatus to be treated is
connected with the flange junction a³, or the face o plane of this junction flange
may be parallel to the axis of the filtering tube b, if desired.
The steam entering the chamber a, fills it and sounds the exterior of the
tube, and then passes through the filtering fibrous material 6, on its exterior and
through the perforations &', in its sides into the interior of the tube b, and from it
passes to the flanged outlet a³, to which the pipe is connected to take away the
filtered or pufied steam.
The space in the chamber a, below the tube b, is for condensed steam, grease &c.
which is allowed to accumulate in it, until its level rises to the top of the vertical
pipe c, screwed into a hole a', in the bottom of the chamber, this pipe c, at the
exterior of the chamber being formed in its interior with the seating for a valve
(a ball valve c', in this case) which can be inserted and withdrawn through a hole
in the upper part of the upward bend of the pipe c, which hole is closed by a screw
plug c, the interior end of which acts as a stop to prevent the ball c', from lifting
too far above or getting entirely off its seating.
The outer cud of the pipe c, is of may be prepared for a screw coupling for
uniting it with the pipe c, which is to convey away the fluid passing the valve
which uses and allows flund to pass when there is a sufherent head of liquid in the
vertical pipe c, to hit the valve.
There is also a hole a, in the lower part of the chamber a, for cleaning it out
when required, this hole being closed by a screw plug or cock a'.
Each of the modificatious hereinafter described and illustrated by Figs. 3, 4, 5,

page_text: 6 and 7 is provided at the lower part of the chamber a, with holes a³ and aº, for n
vertical pipe c, and valve and screw plug or cock a', similar to those above described
and illustrated by Fig. 1.
Instead of a tube b, Fig. 1, with a series of small perforations through its sides,
a tube b, see Fig. 2, may be used with large slits 3, and the exterior of this tube
may be encircled with wire gauze or finely perforated thin. metal plate b*, with
the exterior covered with fibrous material, as above described in reference
to Fig. 1.
If desired the lid or cover a, may be formed at one end of the tube b, or
may be attached thereto,
The tube b, and lid a', may be secured together, and by a bolt passing through
a hole in the centre of the cover a', and screwing into a tapped hole in a boss
part carried by arms from the casting a, at the exit end of the chamber, the
tube b, may be held in its position in the chamber.
In using this apparatus a spare tube b, may if desired be provided so that when
not in use, the fibrous material may be removed and cleaned (if asbestos by being
heated to burn away impurities) and replaced on renewed, so that a fresh clean
tube, may be quickly and readily substituted for the one in use which may
require to be changed. The interior of the tube b, may if desired be filled' more oi
less with suitable filtering materials, formed by asbestos, slag wool, wool or other
suitable material.
If desired in some cases the chamber a, may be modified to have one inlet for
steam to be tiented and one outlet, but to have two or more receptacles for filtering
tubes b, so that when such tubes are all in use, the steam to be purified will surround
all the tubes b, and pass into their interiors and then to the outlet from each tubo b,
and from such outlet to a junction (a) with the outlet from the chamber a,
connected with the pipe foi punified or filtered steam With such multiplex
apparatus there may be one or more spate tubes b, in order that the filtering,
material may he purified or replaced, and a purified tube b, may be readily.
substituted for one requiring to be changed.
If desued there may be one or more what may be termed dummy tubes b, that
is, tubes having no perforations or openings in their sides and closed at their inner
ends, and one of such dummy tubes may be substituted when one of the filtering
tubes 18 to be removed temporarily, these dummys being used when two or more
filtering tubes are used in the same chamber a, as above explained.
Fig.3, represents an apparatus similar to that here before described by Figs. 1
and 2, but in this case the tube b, perforated at its sides, is not supposed to have
filtering material on its exterior but may have if desired.
The interior of the perforated tube b, is supposed in this case to be filled with
filtering material z, and there is a perforated disc 6, at its inner end to prevent the
material getting from the filtering tube b, into the outlet chamber for treated
steam.
!
Fig. 4, represents a modificatico in which pipes conveying the steam to and from
the apparatus are connected therewith in a direct line with the filtering chainber
which is formed to receive filtering material x, and has perforated discs 61 and 66;
at each end of the chamber a, to retain the filtering material in position.
The lower side of the filtering chamber a, in this modification is formed with
shits as, to communicate with the chamber below for condensed steam, the slits a³,
being covered with wire gauze or thin perforated metal plate bb, to prevent
the filtering material passing through the slits a³, into the chamber for condensed
steam &c.
Fig. 5, illustrates a modification where steam comes to the apparatus at the
Junction a³, and leaves it at the junction a*.
Within this chamber a, there are a series of vertical thin perforated plates d,
supposed to be faced as shown with cloth d', of suitable material. Three plates d,
are shown connected at the upper and lower ends by two or mole screws d², and

page_text: screw nuts to keep them at the required distance apart, the two ends of the lower
screws coming against the sides of the interior of the chamber a, to hold the plates
in position.
There are ledges a³, in the interior of the upper part of the chamber a, to hold
the plates in position, and there is a ledge or projection aª, from the upper edge of
the lower part of the chamber a*, which is made separate from the upper part a,
and is united thereto by screws and flanges and when thus united these projections a",
come under the lower edge of the middle plate and hold the plates in position. when
in usc
By removing the lower part a, of the chamber, the plates d, can be readily
removed and replaced.
'
Fig. 6. represents a similar arrangement to that shown by Fig. 5, with two
perforated plates d, or with a plate made double by one perforated plate being bent
into a U or staple form as shown between which thin perforated plates d, filtering
material, is placed, which is prevented by the arrangement shown from falling
from between them.
Fig. 7, illustrates a similar arrangement to that shown by Fig. 5, except that
there are more plates d, and they are not perforated and they are arranged so that
the steam passes between them under the lower end of the first and over the upper
end of the second and under the lower end of the thud plate and so on.
These plates d, are connected together and kept in position by studs d³, to which
they are secured.
There is o may be at the outlet end of each apparatus a tin ottle valve as shown
in Fig. 6, arranged in the casing forming a part of the casing for the chamber a, or
attached thereto by flanges and bolts e, is the spindle of the throttle valve el, e²,
the stuffing box of the spindle e, coming to the exterior upon which the level or
handle to actuate the valve is secured.
The plates d, shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are supposed in each case to be removed
by taking away the lower pait ax, of the casing but if desired the casing a, may be
made one piece or casting and one side of it opposite the plates d, may be foi med
open to admit of the plates d, being slided in and out from the side and when
placed in position the open side is then closed by a cover plate and flanges
and bolts.
Our improved apparatus is applicable for filtering or purifying exhaust steam
while passing from the cylinder or cylinders to the condenser of condensing steam
engines.
The vertical pipe c, within the chamber a, in this case has a cock upon it on the
exterior of the chamber a, and this pipe e, is continued to a separate closed vessel
below the chamber a, in any convenient position, the lower part of which separate
vessel has an outlet closed by a cock, winch cock may be a two way cock which
when opened to allow fluid to pass from its outlet will admit the atmosphere to the
upper part of the separate vessel or there 18 or may be a separate cock for
this purpose.
When the outlet from the separate vessel is closed and the cock
between it and the chamber a, is opened, fluids which flow into the upper end of the
vertical pipe c, within the chamber a, can pass to the separate vessel, and can
be drawn of therefiom at intervals by closing the first nained cock between the
chamber a, and separate vessel, and opening the cock at the outlet from the separate
vessel and admitting the atmosphere to its upper part.
When our improved apparatus 18 used in connection with condensing engines
which are kept working continuously for long periods as in the case of some matine
condensing engines, then two or more separate sets of filtering apparatus are
or may be used, one set being in use when the other is out of use.
Each filtering apparatus has a valve for the steam to pass though at its inlet
and outlet, which valves can be opened aud shut, and the valves of that apparatus
not in use being shut so that all the exhaust steam passes through and is filtered
by the other apparatus in use, in which the valves are open at which time the filtering

page_text: tubes on arrangements of the other apparatus not in use can be changed, and thus
cach of the two sets of apparatus (either of which is of sufficient capacity to treat the
exhaust steam to be condensed) can be used alternately.
It is obvious that the apparatus and valves may be arranged in a variety of ways
to act in the manner above described.
It is preferred to pass. steam to be treated into the apparatus at the junction a³,
and out at the junction a', in each case, but this may be reversed.
Fig 8, illustrates the arrangement according to the third part of our invention for
removing condensed steam which may lodge in bends of pipes conveying exhaust
steam and obstruct then bores The valve illustrate is similar to that described
and shown in reference to Fig 1, but there is no inner vertical tube c, in
this case.
represents part of an exhaust pipe.
The water passes out though the valve when there is a sufficient head in
the vertical pipe for the valve below the exhaust pipe f, which vertical pipe c, is
made of any desired length between the exhaust pipe, and ball valve c¹
Having ow particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed wo declare that what we
olaim 18-
1. The combination of apparatus for filtering or purifying exhaust steam
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the modification shown
by Fig. 1, or as modified by substituting the tube b, illustrated by Fig. 2-also the
modifications substantially as hereinbetore described and illustrated respectively
by Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the drawings.
2. The combination of suitable fibrous material on the exterior of the tubes b,
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and illustrated by
Figs. 1 and 2 of the dianings.
3. The combination of overflow pipes having automatic outlet valves with the
filtering apparatus substantially as and for the purpose herembefore described and
illustrated by the drawings.
4. The arrangement of the filtering tubes and plates so as to be readily
removed and replaced substantially as aud for the purpose herein before described
and illustrated.
5. The combination of two or more filtering tubes in the same chamber a,
substantially as and for the purpose herein before described.
6. The combination of filtering apparatus for exhaust steam passing from
condensing steam engines to the condenser o condensers, with condensing steam
engines, arranged substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
7. The combination of two or more filtering apparatus with condeusing steam
engines in such manner that while the engines are working one apparatus can be
thrown out of action when the filtering tubes o arrangements have to be
changed substantially as and for the purpose bei einbefore described.
8. The combination with exhaust pipes of steam engines of automatic valves for
discharging condensed steam therefrom substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described and illustrated by Fig. 8, of the diawings.
Dated this Twenty-first day of July 1896.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.