AN IMPROVED PROCESS OR METHOD OF TREATING AND PREPARING MADDER FOR DYEING PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Maddick, the. younger, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Garancine Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED PROCESS OR METHOD OF TREATING AND PREPARING MADDER
FOR DYEING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 3rd March 1868, and dated 24th September 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Maddick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
September 1862.
I, WILLIAM MADDICK, the younger, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Garancine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OR METHOD OF TREATING AND PREPARING
MADDER FOR DYEING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce by very simple treatment and
preparation madder for dyeing purposes, which shall give a superior bloom to
purple colours, which shall stain the immordanted or white parts but very
little, and which parting more readily with its colouring matter, shall effect a
saving in the quantity necessary for dyeing a given length of calico or other
woven fabric.

page_text: The process which I prefer adopting from the convenience with which it
can be carried out is as follows:-After the madder has been ground in the
ordinary way, I lay it on a floor, and sprinkle it with water. A watering pot,
or pipe and rose may be conveniently used, turning it over, or stirring or
agitating during the process, so that every fibre shall be saturated or damped,
but not wetted sufficiently to enable a person to expel water from a handful,
nor sufficiently wetted to carry off any of the colouring matter. The saturated
madder after standing for a time, say, about six hours, is then conveyed to the
bath, and used in the ordinary manner, considerably less time being necessary
to complete the dyeing of the articles in the bath than is the case with madder
prepared in the usual way. The said saturated or damped madder may be
allowed to stand for more than six hours, but must not be allowed to ferment
in the ordinary use of that term by dyers and calico printers.
If the madder is prepared for export, or to be sent a distance, I prefer
drying it, after being saturated or damped as herein-before mentioned, without
pressure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Maddick in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th March 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
Garancine
MADDICK, the younger, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Maddick, the younger, Her special licence, that I, the
said William Maddick, the younger, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William Maddick, the younger, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OR METHOD OF TREATING AND
PREPARING MADDER FOR DYEING PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others)

page_text: that I, the said William Maddick, the younger, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Maddick, the younger, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The object of this Invention is to produce by very simple treatment and
preparation madder for dyeing purposes, which shall give a superior bloom to
purple colours, which shall stain the immordanted or white parts but very
little, and which, parting more readily with its colouring matter shall effect a
saving in the quantity necessary for dyeing a given length of calico, or other
woven fabric, or for dyeing a given quantity of fibre or fibrous material of
whatever kind or description.
The process which I prefer adopting from the convenience with which it
can be carried out is as follows:-After the madder has been ground in the
ordinary way, I lay it on a floor, and sprinkle it with cold water, or water
at ordinary atmospheric temperatures. A watering pot, or a pipe and rose
may be conveniently used during the process, or in other words, during the
time the water is being sprinkled or added thereto, I turn over, or stir, or
agitate the said madder or material so that every fibre shall be saturated or
damped, but not wetted sufficiently to enable a person to expel water from
a. handful, nor sufficiently wetted to carry off any of the colouring matter.
In practice with madder in an ordinary state of dryness after being ground,
I have found that if there is added a quantity of water equal in weight to the
madder under treatment very desirable results are obtained, and this propor-
tion I prefer. The saturated, damped, or wetted madder after standing for
a time, that is, remaining on the floor, say, about six hours, is then conveyed
to the bath or "beck," and used in the ordinary manner; considerably less
time being necessary to complete the dyeing of the articles or material in the
bath or "beck" than is the case with madder prepared in the usual way.
The said saturated, damped, or wetted madder may be allowed to stand for
more than six hours, but it must not be allowed to ferment in the ordinary
use of that term by dyers and calico printers, neither should it be allowed to
stand in any case for more than twenty-four hours. Madder of an ordinary

page_text: quality may, in many instances, be. allowed to stand for twelve hours without
injurious heating or fermentation, but if it is found to heat or ferment to any
great extent during that time it should be turned over, and in all cases where
it remains on the floor for more than twelve hours, it should be turned
over, say, once in every four hours, or if circumstances shewed that it might
not be used in the bath or "beck," or prepared by drying as herein-after
mentioned within the twelve hours, it is necessary, if the maximum yield of
colouring matter is desired, to turn it over at the end of say, every three or
four hours from the time it is laid down and saturated, damped, or wetted.
If the madder is to be prepared for export, or to be sent a distance, I prefer
drying it after being saturated or damped as herein-before mentioned without
pressure, or with limited pressure, and after it has been saturated, damped, or
wetted for, preferably, about six hours, or any time within twenty-four hours.
And I would here mention that such drying does not destroy the advantages
resulting from the treatment herein-before described. And I would also
mention that such dried madder requires a larger quantity of liquid added
thereto in the bath or "beck," than does the madder treated as first herein
'described, and which is most convenient and economical at factories or works,
but this will be well understood by those practically acquainted with the
.business.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the means of
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not con-
fine myself to the use or application of any particular proportion or quantity
of water within the limits herein-before set forth; neither do I confine myself
to the use of any particular means or apparatus for applying such water, nor
for turning over, stirring, or agitating the madder under treatment; neither do
I limit myself to any particular time within twenty-four hours during which
the madder should be allowed to stand; neither is it an essential part of my
Invention that the madder or material under treatment should be turned over,
or stirred, or agitated when lying on the floor after it has been saturated,
damped, or wetted; but what I claim is,-
Firstly, treating madder for dyeing purposes after being ground, by first
saturating, damping, or wetting with water, and then allowing it to stand for
any time within twenty-four hours previous to or before it is placed in the
dyeing bath or "beck," substantially as herein-before set forth, and for the
advantages named.
And, secondly, preparing madder for dyeing purposes by drying without
pressure, or with limited pressure after being treated as mentioned, and

page_text: claimed under the first head, substantially as herein-before set forth, and for
the advantages named.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Maddick, the younger, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 'One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
In the presence of.
WILLIAM MADDICK, THE YOUNGER. (L.B.)
JOHN THOMSON KING,
Patent Agent,
.4, Clayton Square,
Liverpool.