IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abraham Lord, of Middleton, near Manchester, Manufac-
turer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 22nd October 1878. and dated the 20th July 1878.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Abraham Lord at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th July 1878.
ABRAHAM LORD, of Middleton, near Manchester, Manufacturer.
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS
The improvements relate to a substitute for what are called "dobbies" or inodified
forms of jacquard for loonis, and are intended as a means of simplified action in the
manufacture of certain fabrics wherein a border is required to be woven, as in the
case of pocket handkerchiefs and other bordered fabrics, and are a further develope-
ment or improvement upon an Invention made by me, for which I have obtained
Letters Patent, bearing date, April 10, A.D. 1876, No. 1516, entitled "Improvements
in Looms for Weaving."
In weaving any fabric where a border is desired to be continued across the
breadth of the cloth, a considerable length of cloth has to be woven before any
change is required, either in the form of treading the yarn or in the sbuttle used,.
and in the case of ordinary "dobbics," this has to be accomplished by means of a
long series of cards, chains, or other means of actuating the "dobby" mechanism,
according to the particular construction thereof, and in the case of my improvements
above mentioned and already patented, the same object is accomplished by means of
a disc, tappet barrel, cards, or other substitute therefor, affixed to suitable forms of
"dobby" or modified jacquard, which disc, tappet, barrel, cards, or other substitute
therefor is or are so formed, and has such a continuous or intermittent motion com-
municated to same, as shall cause same to actuate a lever for the purpose of raising
or depressing the paul used for driving the ratchet of the cylinder or barrel of the
'dobby" or modified jacquard, so as to take such paul out of gear during the time
in which the ordinary weaving takes place, and by the contrary action allowing the
"

page_text: paul to take into gear for the purpose of weaving the border as desired, whether
such "dobby" or modified jacquard is intended to actuate the treading of the yarn,
or the change of the shuttle, or both of them combined.
"
Now the object of my present Invention is to obtain a simple application of the
disc, tappet, barrel, or cylinder motion above referred to and already patented by
me, such simpler application to be used for the same or similar purposes, thereby
dispensing with the "dobby" or modified jacquard altogether, and substituting
therefor simpler methods of actuating the yarn or shuttles, or both, for the purposes
already described. And my Invention consists in the application of the aforesaid
disc, tappet, barrel, or cylinder motion already patented by me to other and simpler
motions for actuating yarn or shuttles, or both, than the motions known as
dobbies" or modified jacquards.
To obtain these results, and to carry into effect my improvements, I make use of
the ordinary treading tappets and levers, whereby plain or ordinary weaving is
usually produced, but in place of allowing the heald rods or cords to be firmly
attached to the treading levers, I construct rods communicating with the healds in
such a manner that they can be temporarily attached to the treading levers, or
disconnected at pleasure. To effect this, I construct rods which at one end are in
connection with the healds or usual mechanism actuating the same, and at the
other end formed with suitably shaped hooks. To each treading lever there are
two rods, one rod communicating with one set of healds, and the other rod with
another set of healds. On the treading levers are fixed studs or other suitable
projections which are capable of taking into the hooks above mentioned, thus
forming the temporary attachment of the rods to the treading levers. It will be
seen that if one rod is thus temporarily attached, one set of healds will be actuated,
and if the other rod is attached, the contrary set of healds will be acted upon.
The hooks on the rods may be formed to face one another, so as to be capable of
taking into gear with one and the same stud or projection, or two studs may be
used, or the hooks may be so constructed as to hook on to the treading lever itself,
without the aid of studs or projections.
The rods referred to as being in communication with the healds are allowed to
pass through a suitable guide, or slots in a guiding rod set at right angles or other
suitable position, which guide or guiding rod is actuated by a barrel, cylinder, disc,
cards, or substitutes therefor, in the usual manner; this barrel, cylinder, disc, cards,
or substitutes therefor being set in motion by means of a paul and ratchet con-
trolled by the mechanism invented by me and already patented, enabling the same
to be capable of acting upon and controlling the motion of the healds, without the
intervention of the ordinary "dobby" or modified jacquard. But that the Inven-
tion may be fully understood, I will by means of the accompanying Drawings
proceed to describe means pursued by me in carrying the same into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents an end view, and Fig. 2 shows a plan view of portions of my
improvements.
In each of these views the same letters indicate corresponding parts wherever
they occur.
The Invention is described and shown by the Drawing as applied to a loom
arranged with top shafts and rocking levers for actuating the healds, and where
the treading tappets and levers are at the end, but it will readily be seen that the:
Invention can in similar manner be applied to looms arranged with the treading
tappets and levers underneath or above, and acting more directly on the healds,'
having springs or other counteracting agencies above or underneath the healds.
a, a, is a portion of framing of the end of a loom, the usual parts of which are
not shown; b, b, are the healds attached below to a suitable weighing or counter-
acting arrangement, and above to the levers c, c, on the rocking shafts c¹, c¹. To the
other ends of the levers at c². c² are attached the rods d. d. which rods are formedi

page_text: with hooks at their lower extremities, capable of taking into them the stud or pro-
jection e on the treading lever e', actuated by the tappet f. The rods d, d, pass
through the guide or guiding rod g, communicating with the cards h, h, or sub-
stitutes therefor, motion to which is given by a paul acting on the ratchet h¹, h¹,
which is allowed to be put in or out of gear by means of my Invention above
referred to, and already described and patented. One tappet lever only, together
with one pair of rods, is shown in the Drawing, for the sake of simplicity, as the
same description will apply to the second portion; nevertheless, one pair of rods and
one tappet lever can be made to answer the same purpose, by working the same
with a suitable tappet actuating the lever every pick or motion, or by connecting
the lever by means of a rod or otherwise, to a crank or tappet on the primary or
crank shaft of the loom, but by preference I use the two tappet levers, actuated from
the secondary shaft. In this manner, some of the advantages obtained by my
former Invention can be secured with the more simple mechanism described, which
is a substitute for the ordinary "dobby or modified jacquard, in the manufacture
of fabrics wherein a border is required to be woven, as in the case of handkerchiefs
or other bordered fabrics.
"
Having thus described my improvements, and means which I adopt in carrying
the same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
exact details shown and described, as variations may be made in them without
departing from the peculiar character of my Invention; but what I do claim is, the
use of rods formed with hooks or similar means, whereby the same are capable of
being temporarily attached to or disconnected from the ordinary tappet levers of a
loom, in combination with and under the control of mechanism described by me in
my Specification of Letters Patent, dated April 10th, 1876, No. 1516, for the purpose
of weaving a border across the breadth of fabrics, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abraham Lord, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.