in the Method of Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1886

page_text: in the Method of Manufacturing the same.
I CHARLES SAMUEL ROYLE of Adswood Mill Stockport in the County of
Chester Hat Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR PLANKING OR FELTING MACHINES, AND IN THE
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the rollers used in machines for "planking" felt hats
and similar articles.
These rollers have hitherto been made of a series of elliptical rings placed
diagonally on plain rollers and screwed thereto, in such a manner that their
contours form perfect circles thereon.
It has therefore hitherto been necessary to make these rings somewhat broad in
order that the screws might have sufficient hold thereon; and the screw holes
could not be made upon the actual working surface of these rings or they would
injure the felt under treatment.
These broad rings could not be placed near enough to each other to plank or felt
in a really satisfactory manner without rendering the process slow, which was a
disadvantage.
The rings also which are at present generally made of hard india rubber soon
become worn and the screws above mentioned are liable also to become loose which
necessitates frequent renewals or repairs. By the present rollers there is frequent
damage to the felt through the screws coming loose and cutting the felt before the
looseness is detected.
I propose to construct rollers for the above purpose which will be cheaper more
durable and more effective in action than those hitherto made, and which
consequently will not be open to the above objections.
To effect this object I take plain wooden rollers of a diameter equal to that
formed by the diagonal rings above named and I turn or cut thereon circumferential
grooves in such a manner as to leave projecting ridges or rings, similar in form to
the loose elliptical rings above named, but being in one piece with the roller
itself.

page_text: I make these ridges or rings as hereafter described, and in order that my
invention may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto a sheet of drawings
and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with
those in the following explanation thereof.
Fig. 1. is a side elevation illustrating my improved planking roller and the
manner in which the required motion is imparted thereto while the above mentioned
grooves are being cut therein.
Fig. 2 is a plan view, and Fig. 3. a section of the roller when finished.
In forming my improved planking or felting roller I use a lathe bed or other
plane surface provided with suitable stationary but adjustable cutting tools and
I mount the plain wooden roller above named so that its axle b, b can slide in
bearings c, c and I impart to the said roller a regular to and fro end wise motion at
the same time that it is revolving so that at every revolution the roller is moved
end wise and back again and the cutting tool will form a diagonal groove therein,
and a series of such grooves being made at intervals throughout the whole length
of the roller, will form ridges or solid projecting rings thereon as shown at a³, a¹.
The to and fro motion may be given to the roller a, a in a variety of ways but
I prefer to mount on the axle b a slanting disc d, d, working in a notch or groove
in a fixed piece e, e which is capable of swivelling in a fixed socket g, G. This
disc d, d is fast on the axle b, b and consequently when the same is revolved by
the pulley, the axle b, b and the roller a will be moved end wise to and fro to
-form the inclined elliptical ring as above described.
By using discs d, d of various pitch a variety of pitch or inclination of the ridges
or rings may be obtained.
And it will be evident that I can make these rings as fine as may be desired,
and consequently I can use them closer and finer, and to greater advantage than
has hitherto been possible with the loose rings.
These rollers will also last longer as there no screws to become loose and the
wood will stand a great amount of wear and tear.
The. simplicity of. construction of my improved planking or felting rollers will
obviously effect a great economy in the production thereof.
- ::.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. "Planking" or felting rollers made with inclined elliptical rings formed
thereon and in one piece therewith substantially as described and illustrated by
the annexed drawings.
Secondly. The improved method of cutting grooves in plain rollers in order to
form the inclined elliptical rings suitable for "planking" or "felting" by imparting
a regular to and fro endwise movement to the said roller at every revolution
thereof while the grooves are being cut by suitable fixed cutters.