Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 10th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
I, JOSÉ REIXACH, of Manningham Mills, near Bradford, in the County of
York, Managing Director, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of double pile fabrics
woven face to face.
The object of this invention is mainly to weave carpets face to face with fast
selvages with a single or double shuttle.
I employ a stuffing warp for each piece above and below which the threads of
weft are thrown and a ground warp for each piece which binds the threads of weft
together. I throw one thread of weft on the back of the stuffing warp and on the
face I throw two threads of weft round one or both of which the pile threads
are passed.
The ground warp threads are then crossed from back to face and from face-to
back, each warp thread being passed alternately round the threads of weft which
lie on the back and face of the stuffing warp. The pile threads then cross over to
the other piece and are tied in, in the same manner, three picks of weft being woven
in the top piece and then three in the bottom.
In the single shuttle loom the most important point is to produce a fast clear
selvage without any weft threads protruding from the same when finished. To
obtain this I employ a temple at each side of the loom set preferably about an inch
from the edge of the cloth. To this temple motion is given by an eccentric, tappet,
or cam, or it may be moved by the healds or other means so as to raise and depress
it at the required moment. The temple is so formed as to allow the shuttle to ride
over and under it and by so doing to catch the weft which crosses from the top to
the bottom piece and from the bottom to the top piece. This weft slides down the
temple to the point where the pieces are cut asunder where it is cut free by a knife
on the temple or by other means.
The pieces as thus woven have a fast selvage with lengths of loose weft
protruding these are cut off close to the cloth either by a knife in the loom or by
hand after the piece is woven.
Dated this 12th day of May 1893.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
I, JOSÉ REIXACH, of Manningham Mills, near Bradford, in the County of
York, Managing Director, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of double pile fabrics
woven face to face.
The object of this invention is mainly to weave carpets face to face with fast
selvages with a single or doublä shindala

page_text: I employ a stuffing warp for each piece above and below which the threads of
weft are thrown and a ground warp for each piece which binds the threads of weft
together. I throw one thread of weft on the back of the stuffing warp and on the
face I throw two threads of weft round one or both of which the pile threads
are passed.
The ground warp threads are then crossed from back to face and from face to
back, each warp thread being passed alternately round the threads of weft which
lie on the back and face of the stuffing warp. The pile threads then cross over to
the other piece and are tied in, in the same manner, three picks of weft being woven
in the top piece and then three in the bottom.
In the single shuttle loom the most important point is to produce a fast clear
selvage without any weft threads protruding from the same when finished. To
obtain this I employ a temple at each side of the loom set preferably about an inch
from the edge of the cloth. To this temple motion is given by an eccentric, tappet,
or cam, or it may be moved by the healds or other means so as to raise and depress
it at the required moment. The temple is so formed as to allow the shuttle to
ride over and under it and by so doing to catch the weft which crosses from the top
to the bottom piece and from the bottom to the top piece. This weft slides down
the temple to the point where the pieces are cut asunder where it is cut free by a
knife on the temple or by other means.
The pieces as thus woven have a fast selvage with lengths of loose weft
protruding, these are cut off close to the cloth either by a knife in the loom or by
hand after the piece is woven.
Figures 1 and 2 are diagram cross sections of pile fabrics manufactured in the
manner above described.
Figure 3 is a cross section of one of the double pile fabrics before the two pieces
are cut asunder.
BC are the ground warps of one piece and B'C' the ground warps for the other.
A and A' are the stuffing warps for the two pieces and D and D₁ are the wefts.
As will be seen one thread of weft D or D' is thrown on the back of the stuffing
warp in each piece and two E F or E¹ F¹ on the face round one of which the pile
warps G are passed as in Figure 1 or round both threads of weft as in Figures 2
and 3. Three picks of weft D E F are thrown consecutively in one piece and
then the pile threads cross over to the other piece and the picks of weft D' E'
and F are thrown as shown in Figure 3.
As above stated the double pile fabrics can be woven either in a double shuttle
loom or single shuttle loom. The way in which I form fast selvages in a single
shuttle loom is illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6.
Figure 4 is a diagram plan view of the temples and one edge of the double pile
fabric with the weft lapped around the temple as above described.
Figure 5 is an edge view of the double pile fabric and temple.
Figure 6 is a cross section of the batten or "going part" showing how the
temple extends across it and is raised and lowered to allow the shuttle to pass above
and below it.
Figure 7 is a front elevation of the mechanism for raising and lowering the
temples.
Figure 8 is a section through the line y Figure 6.
In Figures 4 and 5 O PO P¹ are the outside selvage warp threads of the two
pieces and J J are the picks of weft which make fast selvages. L are the picks
of weft which cross from one piece to the other and are caught by the temple H
and held out from the piece the temple being set at some distance outside the
selvage of the fabric that is being woven as above described and shown at Figure 4.
The temple is sharpened at its outside edge H¹ by which the weft threads L as they
slide along it are cut free as shown at H in Figure 4. The loose ends of weft so
left protruding from the edge of each piece are afterwards cut away as above
explained.
prefer to actuate the temple H by means of a tappet K at the side of the

page_text: loom Figure 7 which gives motion to levers T T' which are connected, to heald
shafts V V
Rods or wires W W' couple these heald shafts V V₁ together and pass through
slots in the ends of the temples H. On these rods above and below the temple
are adjustable screws X X¹ by which the height of the temple is regulated see
Figures 6 and 7.
To allow the shuttle Q to ride over when the temple is depressed the going
part Z is cut out at Y see Figures 6, 7 and 8 so that the temple is below the shuttle
race when the shuttle is passing see Figures 6 and 8.
The dotted lines in Figure 6 show the temple raised to allow the shuttle to pass
underneath it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. The manufacture of double pile fabrics woven face to face with a stuffing
warp for each piece above and below which the weft is thrown-one pick at the
back and two on the face in each piece and with ground warps crossed to tie in the
weft after every three picks thrown into a piece and with pile warps passed round
one or both of the two picks of face weft in each piece first round these picks in
one piece and then round these picks in the other piece and so on substantially as
described.
2. The manufacture of double pile fabrics woven face to face in a single shuttle
loom having temples situated outside the selvages of the double pile fabric that is
being woven and made to extend across the batten and to be raised and lowered to
allow of the shuttle being passed above or below it so that after a succession of
picks has been thrown into one piece the weft may be passed around the temple
when the weft is next thrown into the other piece.
Doted thio 8th day of February 1894