A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING BOLTS AND OTHER FASTENINGS FOR SHIPS, IN A MANNER AND OF MATERIALS NEVER HITHERTO MADE USE OF FOR THOSE PURPOSES
Year: 1783

page_text: FORBES' SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FORBES, of the Parish of Saint Botolph, Bishopsgate, in the City of London,
Coppersmith, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-ninth day of July, in the twenty-third year of His reign,
did give and grant unto me, the said William Forbes, His especial licence
that I, the said William Forbes, during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING
BOLTS AND OTHER FASTENINGS FOR SHIPS, IN A MANNER AND OF MATERIALS NEVER
HITHERTO MADE USE OF FOR THOSE PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent there
is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said William Forbes, under my hand
and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within four calendar months after the date
of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same (relation being there-
unto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Forbes, do hereby declare that my said new invented method of
manufacturing bolts and other fastenings for ships, in a manner and of mate-

page_text: rials never hitherto made use of for those purposes, is described in the plan
thereof hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Forbes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of November, One thousand seven
hundred and eighty-three.
AND BE
REMEMBERED, that on the Iwenty-fourth da
ovember,
in the year above written, the aforesaid William Forbes came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in the form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
TTTT NHOO

page_text: Letters patent were granted by Its
Majesty
Figure 1. 1. 1. is an Iron Frame screwed down on the Wooden plank B in which
may
one hole..
tus OC. to turn upon
or hollows
which be made of Cast Iron, Steel, forged Iron or any other Metal or Material fit for the purpose - In each of the hollers one or me: circular grooved -
D.D.D.D. are made by turning, casting
or otherwise and every Groove or hollow in one Kotler corresponds with and is opposite to a six lar groove in the other
Roller so that the two corresponding Groves shall form
are fixed or placed Brasses for the doces of the
L
may
or
be turned also
any
m
-
may
al powers and Velocities. –
near
size correspondent to the Hole
E. E. are Pinions or Wheels fixed upon the Ends of the Rollers the Teeth of which work in each other so that when one Roller is tovved by a Water Wheel or
be turned by
a separate Water Wheel & other power as is generally
Or instead of these pinions each Roller
other power, the other
any
manner in which the effect produced is the turning of the two hollers with nearly
practised in Mills for rolling Copper
p
Figure 2 represents a side view of the former. _ These Potts are made of Copper and Spetter, Zinck or Lapis Calaminaris in a ↑ portion of from One pound
to sixty of Speller Zinck or Lapis Calaminaris to One hundred pounds of Copper according to the degree of hardness required metting the Copper ist in a severberatory
Furnace or in Pots or buicibles and then adding the Spelter to it, Those which are not wanted to extremely hard may be made of pure Copp: only - The metal in both
These four sided Bars are thin
cases is drawn out into four sided Bars at a Common Rolling mill or by Hammers such as are used at the Copper, Brass and Iron Mills
made to pass through the Grooves of the two hollers which move with nearly equal Velocities upon their respective Places in a direction parallee to each other and very
the Force which twins the hollers and thereby receive the Foun ana
to or in contact with each other. The Bais pass through the Grooves
By this means any oblong Bar, Ingot or Mass of Metal may be drawn into a Smallu sije - By making the said piece of Metal pass succes: vely through the different
Grooves or Holes in the same or in different pairs of Rollers, each Groove or Hole to be less in diameter than the preceding stole, the said piece of Metal will be more and
more diminished in its diameter and increased in length till it is brought almost to the size and form required for the Bolt, and it there may be finished or made to
• very
acquire its exact rounded or cylindrical for and exact required size by passing it through Groves or Stoles of the exact required form and size, rich Groves must be
little less in diameter than the Bolt intended - If a piece of Metal whose pansverse section is a Square or other quadrangular figure be require: to be changed into a rounded
or Cylindrical Bolt then the aforesaid Hole composed of the two corresponding Grooves must be nearly circular and of a diameter nearly equal to diameter of the said Square or
quadrangular Section
to the mean diameter of any other quadrangular piece - For if the diameter of the said Hole be much less than the diameter of the said hansverse - quare or
•Edging or Fringe which spoils the Cylindrical shape of the Bolt c...d on this punciple vij. the
then a part of the metal to be rolled will be forced out of the said stole and form.
- of rolling rounded or Cylindrical Bolts which all not have the said Edging
proportioning of the size of the said Circular stole to that of the said square section depends the art
Or
an
D
Fringe. By the above method Bolts may be drawn down from masses of metal of larger diameters or sizes and of different founs into their prop: rounded or Cylindrical shape
and proper sizes - The mixed Metal must be rolled cold, The Copper may be rolled either hot or coid according as it is required to be more or less and....
The other fastenings for Ships called Horse Shoe and Dovetail plates and Heel staples
any quantity
are made from a mixture of One hundred poun - of Copper and
₫ Spelter melted and mixed with it as before mentioned from One pound to Sixty pounds according as the Metal is required to be more or less-und and then poured from
"a Crucible into Bids of Founder's Land or into Iron Ingots in which Moulds have been made according to the sizes and shapes required.