IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING AND WRINGING AND MANGLING MACHINES, (PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WASHING OF ROOTS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Crompton, of the Britannia Foundry, and
also of No. 104, Newport Street, both of Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING AND
WRINGING AND MANGLING MACHINES, (PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WASHING OF ROOTS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES.")
Sealed the 8th September 1864, and dated the 12th March 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Crompton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th March 1864.
I, JAMES CROMPTON, of the Britannia Foundry, and also No. 104, Newport
Street, both of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING
AND WRINGING AND MANGLING MACHINES, (PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE
ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WASHING OF ROOTS AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES,)" to be as
follows:-
The first part of my Invention has reference to the machinery employed
in washing fabrics, cloths, and other articles and materials, and is intended to

page_text: obtain an increased cleansing effect, and a more rapid and efficient machine,
and it may be thus described:-I employ as heretofore a stationary cistern or
reservoir for containing the washing solution, and I so arrange the moving
parts of my machine that the fabrics or articles being washed are alternately
submerged into and emerged from or out of this liquid or solution, in addition
to receiving at the same time the usual shaking or revolving motions given to
them by other previous machines. This I effect by using one or more square
or other shaped boxes or recepticles for containing the articles to be washed,
which recepticles revolve upon their own axis or centres as heretofore, and
have also imparted to them a "planetary" or "orbitary" motion round
another centre in addition to the before-named ordinary rotating motion.
The said boxes or recepticles may be perforated on all or any of their sides or
ends, or they may be made as "skeletons," or of "wicker" or "basket" work,
or any other convenient method, and they are to be so placed that the centre
of the revolving frame which "carries them" shall be over and at any con-
venient height above the surface of the fluid solution contained in the
stationary cistern or reservoir; and thus during their revolutions the said
solution enters the said boxes or recepticles on their submersion into and
escapes from them or their emersion from the said solution, and the
articles are more rapidly and thoroughly cleansed in consequence of the com-
bined or compound motions thus given to them, and the alternate floating and
washing they receive during each revolution of the machine. The arrange-
ment of the details or parts of the machine for producing the before-named
compound motions and the relative or comparative speeds thereof may be
according to a practical or convenient method or arrangement, but I prefer
using a stationary circular toothed "rack," round which the toothed wheels
upon the shafts or pivots of the said perforated boxes or recepticles work or
revolve, and by which means they receive their first or rotating motion round
or upon their own centres of motion. The differential wheels or "gearing"
for realizing the speed of the entire machine (and also the method of
"driving" or actuating) may be according to any usual or convenient method
or arrangement, and the rollers for "squeezing," drying, or mangling the
cotton or other fabrics or materials to be cleansed, may be attached to the
sides or ends of the said stationary reservoir so that the liquid pressed out of
the materials may be received again into the reservoir and any unnecessary
waste of washing materials prevented. In applying this part of my said
Invention to agricultural or other similar purposes, such as the washing of
potatoes, turnips, and "such like" articles, the pressure or squeezing rollers

page_text: may be "disengaged" or at rest, and the liquid employed in the stationery
cistern or reservoir may or may not consist of any materials other or further
than plain water, as the circumstances or case may require.
The second part of my Invention has reference more especially to the
wringing or mangling parts or portions of the machine, and consists in the
employment (for some purposes to which the machine may be applied) of
galvanized iron or other metal rollers (in lieu of the wood ones hitherto
preferred) and it will be obvious that this application of galvanizing to
prevent the oxidation or corrosion of the metal and the consequent injury
to articles being washed or mangled is also applicable to the whole or any
part or parts of the metallic portions of the entire machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Crompton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th September 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
CROMPTON, of the Britannia Foundry, and also of Number 104, Newport
Street, both of Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Crompton, Her special licence that I, the said James
Crompton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Crompton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING AND WRINGING AND MANGLING MACHINES (PARTS OF
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE WASHING OF ROOTS AND OTHER
LIKE PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
James Crompton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Crompton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (reference being had to the accompanying Drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon) that is to say:-
The first part of my Invention has reference to the machinery employed in
washing fabrics, cloths, and other articles and materials, (including roots, seeds,
and other like articles,) and is intended to obtain an increased cleansing effect,
and a more rapid and efficient machine than heretofore. Its peculiarities and
construction may be thus described :-I employ (as heretofore in some washing
machines) a stationary cistern or reservoir a, a, for containing the washing
solution, and I so arrange the moving parts of my machine that the fabrics
or other articles or materials which are being washed are alternately sub-
merged into and emerged from or out of this liquid or solution, in addition to
their receiving at the same time the usual shaking or revolving motions given
to them by other washing machines; this compound or twofold movement or
action I obtain by using any convenient number of perforated square or
other shaped boxes or recepticles b, b, b, b, for containing the articles to be
washed, which perforated recepticles revolve upon their own axis or centres
c, c, c, c, and have also imparted to them a "planetary" or "orbitary" motion
round another centre d, d, in addition to the before-named ordinary rotating
motion, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. The said boxes or recepticles
may be perforated on all or any of their sides or ends, or they may be made
as "skeletons," or of "wicker" or basket work, or any other convenient
method; and they are to be so placed that the centre d of the revolving
frame or arms e, e, which carry them shall be over and at any convenient
height above the surface of the fluid or washing solution contained in the
stationary cistern or reservoir a, a, and thus, during their rotations and
revolutions round the two before-named centres c and d, the said solution
enters the said boxes or recepticles during their submersion into and escapes
from them on their emersion from the said solution, and the articles are
more rapidly and thoroughly cleansed in consequence of the combined
or compound motions thus given to them and the alternate floating or
"sousing" and washing they receive during each revolution of the machine.
The arrangement of the details or parts of the machine for producing

page_text: the before-named compound motions, and the relative or comparative
speeds thereof, may be according to any practical or convenient method
or arrangement, but I prefer using a stationary circular "toothed" rack
ff, attached to the side of the reservoir, round and into which the
toothed wheels g, 9, 9, 9, (upon the shafts or pivots c of the said boxes)
"work" or revolve, and by which means they (the said boxes or recepticles)
receive the two motions, and are carried (whilst revolving) into and out of
the washing solution as herein-before set forth and explained. The differential
wheels or "gear" for realizing the speed of the entire machine, and also the
method of "driving" or "actuating" the same, may be according to any
usual or convenient method or arrangement, as partially shown at h in the
plan, and the rollers for "squeezing," drying, or "mangling" the cotton or
other fabrics or materials may be attached to the ends or sides of the said
stationary reservoir, so that the liquid pressed out of the materials may
be received again into the reservoir, and any unnecessary waste of washing
materials be prevented. In applying this part of my said Invention to
agricultural or other similar purposes, such as the washing of roots, seeds,
and other like articles, the pressure or squeezing rollers may be " disengaged
or at rest, or they may be "dispensed with" entirely, and the liquid
employed in the stationary cistern or reservoir may or may not consist of any
materials, other or further than plain water, as the circumstances or case may
require.
"
The second part of my Invention has reference more especially to the
wringing or mangling parts or portions of the machine, and consists in
the employment in some cases of galvanized iron or other metal "rollers"
(rolls) in lieu of the wood ones hitherto preferred, and it will be obvious that
this application of galvanizing or coating with zinc or other metal to prevent
the "oxydation" or corrosion of the metal (and the consequent injury to the
articles being washed or mangled) is also applicable to the whole or any of
the metallic parts or portions of the entire machine "as well as" or in addition
to the cistern, ("tub"), or reservoir, which heretofore appears to have been
the extent of its application to this purpose.
Having now described and "particularly ascertained" the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I believe to be "novel "
and "original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited "Letters Patent," is,-
1st. The general construction and arrangement of the washing machine

page_text: having the compound or combined actions or movements causing or enabling
it to "submerge," "emerge," and otherwise move, treat, or "deal with" the
articles being washed for the purpose and in the manner herein-before set
forth.
2nd. The application of "galvanizing" or coating with zinc or other metal
(to prevent corrosion or oxydation) to the rolls and other metallic parts or
portions of washing and wringing and mangling machines beyond or in
addition to the reservoir, as herein-before stated.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Crompton, have (to this my
Specification) hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of
September One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
JAMES CROMPTON. (L.B.)
Witness,
WILLIAM DAWES.