Improvements in and appertaining to the Change Box Mechanism of Power Looms.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 14th Apr., 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and appertaining to the Change Box Mechanism of
Power Looms.
A communication from EMIL CLAVIEZ, of 8, Ziegelstrasse, Chemnitz, Germany,
Works Manager.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of The Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention is to provide a change box so that square patterns in numerous
varieties as in the manufacture of chenille, and chenille and other goods can be
produced by means of the mechanical loom.
When the colours have been very varied it has not hitherto been possible to
systematically make use of the mechanical loom, but preference has been given to
prepare the goods on hand looms, as in the case of chenille goods for instance.
The working of a loom to which this invention is applied becomes very simple.
The worker need only take care that the last colour (No. 1) of the series is
replaced by the colour which has just been changed.
Figs. 1 to 10 of the accompanying three sheets of drawings explain this new
invention, the figs. being as follows;-
Fig. 1 is a side view of a mechanical loom having the new change box applied to
it. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same taken from the work side.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the change appliance in Fig. 1 but to a larger scale.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the same but also to a larger scale corresponding to
Fig. 4.
Figs. 6, 7 & 8 are three views of the shuttle box.
Figs. 9 & 10 are two views of the box to a larger scale.
Figs. 11 to 14 show how the boxes can be changed by electrical means when the
colours are in a large variety.
The construction of the loom is characterised by the following elements;—
The loom may be driven as usual by means of the main shaft H. W. the movement
be ng transmitted by means of gear wheels to the shaft S. S. W. operating the arm w
by means of an eccentric.
A further eccentric a Fig. 1 is fastened to the shaft S. S. W. which sets into a
Swinging motion by means of the eccentric rod d a forked lever turning round o.
A further eccentric pin 6 can set by means of a rod c into a to and fro motion a
second lever e moveable round o. A box t is applied to the upper part of the loom
near to the breast beam which is opened above, and has a partition u in its interior,
provided at its left hand side with an opening (see Figs. 1 and 4) into which a
small table can slide from underneath. The under part of the box t is provided
with a prolongation which extends to about the middle of p Fig. 1. The front side
of the box just named carries two angular rails o', with slits Figs. 1, 2, 3 & 5.
small pattern cylinder m slides in the side slits which cylinder receives at both ends
a to and fro motion by means of a forked lever f, which embraces the rails, as
herein before mentioned. Inside both these rails there is a spring box & containing
a spring y. (Figs. 1 & 3) in which a pin can be pushed to and fro. On the
partition there lie the shuttle boxes s with the shuttles in a row after each other
and in such a manner that the colour which is to be worked is always in box No. 5,
Fig. 1. In the drawing six shuttle boxes are shown but more can be made use of
A

page_text: as required, Figs. 6 to 8 show the construction of these shuttle boxes. The latter
can be made of wood or metal. The bottom of the shuttle box s is provided with
a groove which serves for guiding the picker.
The mode of working of the parts may be shortly explained as follows;-
A certain pattern card n as desired and having perforated and unperforated
parts is placed over the pattern cylinder m Fig. 1. Supposing now the eccentric a
is set in motion the pattern cylinder is then pressed to the pin. If the part of the
card opposite to the pin is perforated the pin will pass unimpeded through such
perforated part. In the contrary case, however, if the card happens to be
unperforated at the part, then pin is pressed to the right, and its rear end presses
on the shuttle box s. Whilst this is taking place however the change box has
arrived to the first of the shuttle boxes so that both the sloping edges i¹¹ come
together. The pin which, as already mentioned, presses on the shuttle box, No. 1
pushes forward all five boxes the width of one box, and as a result shuttle box
No. 5 is pushed into the race. Box No. 6 which has just been used is pressed out
from behind by means of shuttle No. 5. Two angularly shaped arms 7 prevent
box 6 which has last been pushed out from falling out. The latter will then fall on
the prolongation of the box t, it will then be seized by e which is moving to the
left (see Fig. 4) and be carried to the left until at length it comes to the table"
Fig. 4. Since, however, the latter is controlled by the two angular levers g, h, g, h,
the table will only be lifted with the thrown-out box when e moves to the right and
thereby the parts of the angular lever become depressed which has as a consequence
that the other ends g become elevated with the table and box. In order that the
shuttle boxes may not fall down on the return of the table the box is held by two
spring catches f¹ (Figs. 4 and 5). The shuttle box inserted in this manner will
then work until an unperforated card reaches the pin 1, whereupon the work is
repeated afresh, it may be here observed that a pattern cylinder can be moved in
any known manner by means of pins and hooks d¹.
Figs. 9 and 10 show the appliance for retaining the shuttle boxes in the race.
The race course B is somewhat sunk in at the tables where the shuttle box & is
situated so that during the movement it cannot move to and fro. Moreover, the
box is held by means of two catches ff which are constantly pressed on the
shuttle box by means of springs of whereby any sideways slide is avoided.
If a new box is shot in which takes place in the direction of the arrow I the
catches & will be pressed apart by means of the corners of the box whilst
the corners slide on the noses v v² and by that means press them apart so that the
box which has just been used escapes in the rear and the new one can enter.
As
soon as the new box has been put in the race the spring catches seize it, and hold
it fast as described. The picker or striking part slides on the rod s¹.
To avoid
using too many cards when there is a large variety of colours the shuttle box can
be changed in the following manner by means of the pattern cylinder ;-
Two opposite sides of the said cylinder are provided with holes whilst the two
others remain solid.
If now a colour is being used, a perforated side will stand before the pin / Fig. 3
and it will do so until a change has to be made and the link d' Fig. 4 stands in a
raised position (Fig. 11) so that it cannot touch the cylinder on the to and fro
motion and consequently it cannot turn.
The colour strip n' separates a spring disc a² from a metallic roll 62, which are
both connected with an electric battery. For each change of colour this strip n³ has
a small notch 3, Figs. 13 and 14 so that the spring disc a Fig. 12 comes in contact
with the fixed roll b³. As soon
as the spring disc a standing under spring
pressure, springs into the slit 2, both the disc a' and the roll come in metallic
contact. The circuit is thus closed and a small electro magnet A draws back the
pawl to the right so that the change link d¹ will then lie on the cylinder m and
can then turn it.
A solid side will now be presented to the pin and the changing of the box takes
place.

page_text: For a second time the change link moves and can, by means of a piece f
attached to the pattern cylinder, be raised so high that the catch d³, Fig. 12, which
in the interim has again become free, is drawn to the left by means of a small
spring g' and consequently the change link is prevented from falling.
The worker has then only to take care that the colour (No. 1) following as the sixth
in the shuttle box is replaced by the colour which has just been changed; he has
therefore to take care that the colour which is to be worked next is contained in
the shuttle box No. 5, which can easily be controlled by means of a colour table or
rapport table r.
If for instance there be a blue colour in shuttle box No. 6, and a
red one is to follow the blue, the worker must merely take care that the red colour
is contained in box No. 5. If this be not the case, he need only select the red
colour from the five boxes and place it in box No. 5.
The new change appliance has the further advantage when compared with the
ones hitherto in use that there is always a shuttle in position, whilst the others
are not.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is ;-
First. A change box for mechanical looms of all kinds working any number of
colours, such as in the manufacture of chenille, characterised by the arrangement of
a box (t) provided with a pierced partition (u), a stamp or pin (1), a spiral
spring (y), and a forked lever (f), so that at each swing of the latter for each
double blow of the shuttle the card cylinder (m) is caused to work on the pin (1) in
such a manner that at a change of a shuttle the whole of the shuttle boxes are
moved forward the size of one of them, by means of the first shuttle box (1) the
catches (f& f*) & the noses (v & 2) the shuttle box in the race is set free, and
the pin () is brought automatically into the normal position.
Second. In an arrangement of the kind specified in Claim 1, the automatic
change appliance for the shuttles characterised by the arrangement of a race (B),
shuttle boxes (8), catches (f³ & f') and angular pieces (7) for the object of fixing
the shuttle by means of the catches during the working period, and after the
working period releasing it onto the pieces (9) passing it from this onto the
slide (g, h, g, h,) and making the race (B) ready for the subsequent shuttle box.
Third. In a change appliance of the kind specified under Claim 1, the arrange-
ment of a swinging slide (g, h, g, h,) table (r), picker (e) and spring catches (f')
for the object of advancing the shuttle which has been set free from the race,
during the backward movement of the forked lever (f) into the box (t) and for
holding it above the opening of the partition (u).
Fourth. In a change box such as specified under Claim 2, with a change
appliance, the arrangement of an automatic appliance for operating the turn
hooks (d), and in which the strip n² is provided with notches (*) and is led
between a cylindrical roll (63) and a corresponding disc (a2) in such a manner that
the disc (a) standing under spring pressure comes during the revolution of the
strip into the notches (*) of the same, engaging with the roll (62) and closes the
circuit to an electro magnet (A), whereby the pawl (3) forming an armature is
attracted by the latter, and the turu hook (d) is set free, for the object of causing
the same to work on the card cylinder (m) to set it in a corresponding movement
and through the noses (✓³) of the cylinder (m) to again bring it into normal
position.
All substantially as described and shown on the drawings.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Applicant's Patent Agents.