IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING OR FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR OTHER PLASTIC FORMS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Shaw, of Leeds, in the County of York
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING OR
FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR OTHER PLASTIC FORMS."
Sealed the 14th October 1873, and dated the 16th April 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Shaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th April 1873.
I, WILLIAM SHAW, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MAKING OR FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR OTHER PLASTIC FORMS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to machinery for moulding or forming and
pressing bricks or other suitable forms composed of clay or other plastic
materials, all as hereafter described.
Between standards carried on suitable foundation "plate I mount a
cylinder horizontally in its bearings, on the periphery of which are pro-
vided or formed any required number of moulds or forms; an inter-

page_text: mittent rotary motion is imparted thereto by means of a cam or eccentric
which is fixed on a revolving shaft mounted in suitable bearings, the
intermittent rotary motion being transmitted therefrom by means of
suitable connecting rods to the ratchet wheels, which are carried and
fixed by preference at each end of the cylinder or drum. On the
foundation plate is also provided a feeder for supplying the material to
the moulds; this consists of a tube or chamber in which is mounted a
revolving shaft carrying a worm, or spiral screw, or arms placed and fiexd
on the shaft in a spiral direction. The material is forced forward and
into the moulds.
A hopper is provided for conveying the material into the tube or
chamber.
On the shaft herein-before mentioned which carries the eccentric or
cam for imparting the motion to the cylinder there is provided an
eccentric, cam, or crank pin, on which the rammer or presser is carried.
Each mould after being filled is brought under this presser which
immediately passes into the mould and presses the form to the required
extent. I provide at the bottom of each mould a loose plate which
pushes out the form from the mould at any suitable point, being actuated
by a fixed cam on the cylinder shaft. A travelling sheet may be pro-
vided of ordinary construction on to which the forms are deposited and
conveyed away from the machine. Motion is imparted through gearing
from some suitable motive power.
The machine may also be arranged as hercafter described. Instead of
the cylinder or drum I provide a horizontal sliding table, to which is
imparted a reciprocating motion similar to that of a planing machine of
ordinary construction, motion being transmitted thereto through a rack
and pinion or screw, tappet levers being employed for reversing the
motion as on the ordinary planing machine. In the table are provided
or formed any required number of moulds. Above the table is provided
a feeding box, in which one or more cams, eccentrics, or arms are
provided, mounted on shaft in suitable bearings; to each of the cams,
eccentrics, or arms a rotary motion is given, this having the effect of
forcing the material forward and into the moulds. At the bottom of
cach mould a loose plate is provided, similar to that applied to the
herein described cylinder or drum; this plate is used for forcing or
pushing out the form from the mould so that it can be readily taken off

page_text: by the attendant, and is actuated by a lever or levers, the required
motion being given thereto by the table itself. Above the feeding box
is provided å hopper for conveying the material into the feeding box.
Motion is given to the machine through gearing from suitable motivo
power.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th October 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SHAW, of Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William Shaw, Her special
licence that I, the said William Shaw, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Shaw, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, tho
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR MAKING OR FORMING AND PRESSING BRICKS OR OTHER PLASTIC
FORMS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Shaw, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Shaw, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what-manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the lottons of mof
masked themoo
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say -
My Invention relates to machinery for moulding or forming and
pressing bricks or other forms composed of clay or other plastic
materials.
Between standards carried on suitable foundation plate I mount a
cylinder horizontally in its bearings, on the periphery of which are
provided or formed any required number of moulds or forms; an
intermittent rotary motion is imparted thereto by means of a cam
or eccentric which is fixed on a revolving shaft mounted in bearings,
the intermittent rotary motion being transmitted therefrom by means
of connecting rods to the ratchet wheels, which are carried and fixed
by preference at each end of the cylinder or drum. On the foundation
plate is also provided a feeder for supplying the material to the moulds;
this consists of a tube or chamber in which is mounted a revolving
shaft carrying a worm or spiral screw or arms placed and fixed on the
shaft in a spiral direction; the material is forced forward and into the
moulds.
A hopper is provided for conveying the material into the tube or
chamber.
On the shaft herein-before mentioned, which carries the eccentric
or cam for imparting the motion to the cylinder, there is provided
an eccentric, cam, or crank pin on which the rammer or presser is
carried. Each mould after being filled is brought under this presser,
which immediately passes into the mould and presses the form to the
required extent. I provide at the bottom of each mould a loose plate
which pushes out the form from the mould at any suitable point, being
actuated by a fixed cam on the cylinder shaft. A travelling sheet may
be provided of ordinary construction on to which the forms are deposited
and conveyed away from the machine. Motion is imparted through
gearing from some suitable motive power.
Instead of the intermittent rotary motion, when preferred, I impart
a continuous rotary motion to the cylinder or drum, dispensing thereby
with the ratchet wheels. In this case the rammer is carried round
to a suitable distance by the cylinder and simultaneously when over
each mould the rammer is brought down into the mould by means

page_text: of a cam, eccentric, or equivalents, and withdrawn by the same means.
When withdrawn the rammer is pulled back again to its original position
ready to enter the next mould.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood,
reference is given to the accompanying 2 Sheets of Drawings. I will
first describe Drawings shewn on Sheet 1 :—
Firstly. Figs. 1 and 2 shew an arrangement of machine with its
cylinder having an intermittent rotary motion.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a, a, are the standards between which the cylinder
or drum 6 is mounted horizontally in its bearings on the shaft c. On
the periphery of the cylinder any required number of moulds or forms d
are provided or formed; an intermittent rotary motion is imparted thereto
by means of a cam or eccentric e which is fixed on a revolving shaft ƒ
mounted in bearings g. The shaft f is made of any suitable length,
and caused to revolve by means of gearing and driving pulleys. The
intermittent rotary motion is conveyed from the cam or eccentric e by
means of connecting rods h to the ratchet wheels i, which are carried
and fixed by preference at each end of the cylinder or drum b. The
springs are for the purpose of forcing the connecting rods h into
gear with the ratchet wheels i. The standards a, a, are mounted on
a foundation plate similar to that shewn at Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6. On
the shaft herein-before mentioned I mount an eccentric k, or its
equivalent, on which the rammer or presser 7, which works between
the guides m, is carried. On the foundation plate a feeder n is pro-
vided which is in every respect similar to that shewn at Figs. 4, 5,
and 6, which will be described hereafter. Each mould after being
filled is brought under the presser, which immediately passes into the
mould and presses the form to the required extent. I provide at the
bottom of each mould a loose plate o, as shewn at Figs. 9 and 10,
which pushes out the form, the said plate o being actuated by a fixed
camp on the cylinder shaft c.
Secondly. Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, shew an arrangement of
machine with continuous rotary motion. a, a, aro the standards, and
b, the cylinder or drum which is of a similar construction to that
employed in the machine with intermittent rotary motion.
The
required motion is imparted to the cylinder or drum through driving

page_text: pulleys and bevil wheels r, r, worm s, and worm wheels s¹, or other
gearing actuated by some suitable motive power.
On the standards a, a, and in bearings a shaft t is provided on which
are mounted so as to work freely the oscillating slides or guides u. The
oscillating movement is imparted to the slides by means of cams v fixed
at each end of the drum b, motion being transmitted by means of con-
necting rods w provided with a runner or bowl x, which works in the
cam. Other equivalent means may be employed for imparting the
required motion to the slide u. I provide a rammer y which is fitted
so as to slide freely in oscillating slides u, the ends of the shaft z arc
extended through the slides and are provided with fixed bushes 1 so as
to slide freely within the guides 2. On the periphery of the cylinder or
drum I provide notches 3 at suitable intervals apart, and on the rammer
is provided the pawl 4. The pawl rides on the top of the cylinder b and
drops into each notch as they come round. When the rammer comes
opposite a mould the pawl drops into a notch, whereby the rammer is
carried round with the cylinder or drum b. The oscillating slide u is
drawn towards the cylinder b, by which means the rammer is forced
into the mould d and each brick or other form is pressed thereby. The
rammer is then withdrawn and carried back by means of the weights 5,
as shewn, or other suitable mechanical means to the position shewn in
Drawing ready for the next mould. On the foundation plate 6 is also
provided a feeder for supplying the material to the moulds. This
consists of a tube or chamber n, in which is mounted a revolving shaft 7
carrying a worm or spiral screw or arms 8 placed and fixed on the
shaft 7 in a spiral direction; the material is thereby forced forward and
into the moulds. A hopper 9 is provided for carrying the material into
the tube or chamber. Motion is transmitted to the revolving shaft 7
through gearing 10 from some suitable motive power.
The machine may also be arranged as hereafter described, and will be
readily understood by the Drawing shewn on Sheet 2.
Instead of the cylinder or drum I provide a horizontal sliding table a,
which by preference I mount on the runners b. To the table is imparted
a reciprocating motion similar to that of a planing machine of ordinary
construction, motion being transmitted thereto through a rack c and
pinion d and driving pulleys d¹ or screw, tappet levers, or their
equivalents being employed for reversing the motion as on the ordinary

page_text: l
planing machine. In the table are provided or formed any required
number of moulds e. Above the table is provided a feeding box f, in
which one or more cams g, eccentrics, or arms are provided mounted on
shaft in bearings i. To each of the cams g, eccentrics, or arms a
rotáry motion is given through gearing; and driving pulley ""; this
having the effect of forcing the material forward and into the moulds e..
k, k, arc scrapers, which are mounted in the interior of the feeding
box; these are kept up to the face of the cams by springs or their
equivalents. At the bottom of each mould a loose plate m is provided
similar to that applied to the herein described cylinder or drum. This
plate m is used for forcing or pushing out the form from the mould c,
so that it can be readily taken off by the attendant, and is actuated by a
lever or levers n, the required motion being given thereto by the table
itself coming in contact therewith, as shewn at o. Above the feeding
box f is provided a hopper p for conveying the material into the feeding

page_text: Thirdly. The arrangement and combination of the various parts, shewn
on Sheet 1, forming the machines, substantially as and for purposes
herein set forth.
Fourthly. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the
various parts forming the machine, shewn on Sheet 2, substantially as t
and for purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Shaw, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-three.