Improvements relating to Bellows for Portable and other Forges.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 10th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Bellows for Portable and other Forges.
We, WILLIAM ALLDAY and EDMUND ALLDAY, both of Great Western
Works, Small Heath, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists of improvements relating to bellows for portable forges,
such improvements being also in part applicable to bellows for a fixed forge or
other furnace.
The object of our invention is to produce durable bellows with fewer parts or at
less cost than by the methods of manufacture at present in ordinary and general
use, and to arrange for the operation of one and the same pair of bellows by either
hand or foot power or energy, and further, to encase or enclose the bellows in such
manner as will protect them from injury or accidental damage; also to form a
reservoir in which the top chamber of bellows may work.
In carrying our invention into effect we construct the bellows preferably of a
circular form or configuration and divided into two chambers by a central dividing
plate of wood or other material, fitted with a hinged or other valve covering a
connecting passage between the two chambers. Thus the dividing plate forms the
base of each chamber, the heads of which are formed by plates preferably of wood,
connected with the base with a plain continuous sheet of leather or other flexible
or pliable material, without the projecting rings or other stiffening devices employed
in the bellows of ordinary construction.
We admit the air into one chamber by a valve fitted to the chamber head in the
usual and ordinary manner, and form a discharge opening for the same in the other
chamber leading to the blast pipe, which is connected at its upper or outer end
with the tuyres arranged on the furnace or forge hearth. The air inlet is preferably
on the lower chamber, when the bellows are arranged with their chambers or
compartments vertically over and under each other, and the necessary reciprocating
motion is imparted to such chamber by means of a lever suitably pivoted at the
lower portion of the forge framing or other position, and drawn out at its free end
to render it suitable and convenient for operation by the foot of the smith, or
other workmau. To provide for working the bellows by hand, we bolt or secure
a vertical bar or rod to the foot lever and form its upper end into a handle,
conveniently arranged near to the forge hearth.
The upper or air reservoir chamber of the bellows we load with a spring or
weights, and to prevent the head of the chamber closing on to the valve connecting
with the lower chamber, we provide blocks or stops fitted or fixed upon the central
dividing plate, or we sometimes limit the movement by stop pieces fitted on the
exterior of the bellows.
We protect the bellows of a portable forge by means of an outer casing
constructed preferably of plates of wrought iron or steel, and arranged to completely
encase the bellows, and the space between the top or hearth plate and the bellows
together with the annular space surrounding the bellows and between the outer
casing, serves as an air reservoir to further protect the bellows from the heat of
the hearth plate. This reservoir or air jacket taking in cold air and discharging
any hot air that may be generated at each stroke of the bellows.
We provide an opening in the casing for the blast pipe connection and we make
other apertures as may be required.
The casing is connected to the forge stand or framing by bolts or rivets or by
other convenient method of attachment.

page_text: We do not limit the application of our invention to any one form of bellows, or
to any particular type of portable or other forge or furnace, but we employ our
improvements upon bellows for varying services, making modifications of the parts
to suit different requirements, without departing from the essential features of our
invention.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Bellows for Portable and other Forges. 1
We, WILLIAM ALLDAY and EDMUND ALLDAY, both of Great Western
Works, Small Heath, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists of improvements relating to bellows for portable forges, 1
such improvements being also in part applicable to hellows for a fixed forge or
other furnace.
The object of our invention is to produce durable bellows with fewer parts or at
less cost than by the methods of manufacture at present in ordinary and general
use, and to arrange for the operation of one and the same pair of bellows by either 2
hand or foot power or energy, and further, to encase or enclose the bellows in such
manner as will protect them from injury or accidental damage.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings
Figure 1 is a front elevation with the casing partly removed, and
Figure 2 a plan showing the application of our invention to a portable forge for 2
heating rivets or for other purposes.
Figure 3 is a part sectional view of the bellows.
The same reference letters in the different views indicate the same parts.
In carrying our invention into effect we construct the bellows preferably of a
circular form or configuration and divide them into two chambers A and B 3
(Figure 3) by a central dividing plate C (Figures 1 and 3) of wood or other
material, fitted with a hinged or other valve D covering a connecting passage
between the two chambers. Thus the dividing plate forms the base of each
chamber, the beads of which are formed by plates E E preferably of wood,
connected with the base with plain continuous sheets of leather F F or other 3
flexible or pliable material, without the projecting rings or other stiffening devices
employed in the bellows of ordinary construction.
We admit the air into one chamber by a valve fitted to the chamber bead in the
usual and ordinary manner, and form a discharge opening for the same in the
other chamber leading to the blast pipe, which is connected at its upper or outer
end with the tuyres arranged on the furnace or forge hearth. The air inlet
valve D' is preferably on the lower chamber head E', when the bellows are arranged
with their chambers or compartments vertically over and under each other, as
illustrated in Figures 1 and 3, and the necessary reciprocating motion is imparted
to such chamber by means of a lever such as G suitably pivoted at the lower
portion of the forge framing or other position, and drawn out at its free end to
render it suitable and convenient for operation by the foot of the smith or other
workman. To provide for working the bellows by hand, we bolt or secure a
vertical bar or rod to the foot lever and form its upper end into a handle,
conveniently arranged near to the forge hearth.
The upper or air reservoir chamber B of the bellows we load with a spring such
as H or with iron or other weights, and to prevent the head of the chambers being

page_text: brought into close contact with the central plate Cand thus incurring the risk of
injury to the valve we provide blocks, stays, or stops such as J J' fitted or fixed
upon the central dividing plate C, or we sometimes limit the movement by stop
pieces fitted on the exterior of the bellows.
We protect the bellows of the portable forge by means of a casing K constructed
preferably of plates of wrought iron or steel, and arranged to completely encase
the bellows, and thus protect them from injury or accidental damage. We provide
an opening in the casing for the connection of the blast pipe L and we make other
apertures as may be required. The casing is connected to the forge stand or to
the central dividing plate or board C by bolts or studs or by other convenient
method of attachment. The interior of the casing fits against the periphery of
the central board or plate C, but the head plates or boards E E' being of a smaller
diameter, the external air has free access to the bellows, and when in operation a
current of air is created which serves to keep the bellows cool.
The lower head plate E' is loaded with a cast iron or other weight such as M,
to cause a quick descent of the head for enabling the chamber A to be rapidly
charged with air. The contents of the chamber Á are discharged into the top or
reservoir chamber B by the operation of the hand or foot lever. From the
chamber B the air is expelled through the blast pipe Linto the fire, the spiral or
other spring H ensuring continuity of the blast.
We do not limit the application of our invention to any one form of bellows, or
to any particular type of portable or other forge or furnace, but we employ our
improvements upon bellows for varying services, making modifications of the parts
to suit different requirements, without departing from the essential features of our
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inveu-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In portable or other forges or furnaces, an improved bellows having air
admission and reservoir chambers formed by a central fixed base board or plate
and two head boards or plates, connected to the central fixed plate by strips of
leather or other flexible material without internal rings or stiffening devices, and
arranged for operation either by hand or foot power or energy, substantially as
described.
2. The construction of bellows for portable and other forges or furnaces from
two head boards or plates connected to a fixed central base board or plate by strips
of leather or other material without stiffening devices, and having hinged or other
valves protected by means of stop blocks, stays, or the like, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
3. In portable and other forges or furnaces, the method of forming and arranging
the bellows and the protecting casing, to provide for the circulation of a current of
air between the casing and the bellows on the operation of the hand or foot lever,
substantially as and for the purposes herein before described, and as illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 6th day of October 1894.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.