Improvements in Fireplaces Combined with Ventilating Shaft.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 8th Feb., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fireplaces Combined with Ventilating Shaft.
I ALFRED HESSELL TILTMAN of 6 John Street Bedford Row in the County
of London Architect do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is improvements in fireplaces for the combustion of
solid fuels such as coal, coke, wood and similar substances and for the combination
with such fireplaces of improved smoke flues and ventilating shafts with the object
of improving the ventilation and heating of buildings. The whole arrangement is
specially adapted for public buildings and generally for buildings occupied by
large numbers of people.
My invention consists in improvements whereby a stove similar to the Galton
type in which fresh air is discharged into the room after being warmed by passing
over surfaces at the back of the fireplace heated by the fire in the grate is used
and provided with a special smoke flue which flue is carried up inside a ventilating
shaft the column of air in which is partially heated by the smoke flue but I place
no reliance upon that means of heating except as an auxiliary as I apply heat to
the base of the column of air in the ventilating shaft by means of hot water or
steam radiators, coils of pipes or other similar means so that I have the heating of
the said column of air perfectly under control quite independently of whether a fire
is being used or not. In each room or ward I make two or more openings in the
ventilating shaft one or more being at or near the floor level and one or more
being at or near the ceiling level these openings are fitted with sets of louvres or
other mechanical equivalents and are fitted with adjusting mechanism so that only
the floor or ceiling set of louvres can be open at one time so that the extraction of
vitiated air from a room or ward can be regulated. In summer for example the
extraction of vitiated air should take place from or about the floor level of the
room or ward only for if the top louvres are opened a certain eddying of air would
take place around the heating apparatus in the ventilating shaft. By means of
these louvres the ventilation of the ward or room will go on whether there is any
artificial heat being applied to the ward or room or not. In summer for example
when no artificial heat is being applied to the ward or room the vitiated air
will continue to be extracted by means of the effect of gravity upon the cooler air
of the ward or room causing it to take the place of the heated air in the ventilating.
shaft.
In order to make my meaning clearer I will describe my invention with reference.
to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the
fireplaces upon two floors of a hospital ward block or other building shewing the
sets of louvres pp'. Figure 2 à sectional elevation of the same shewing also
the smoke and ventilating flues carried up through the roof. Figure 3 is a
sectional plan at A A of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a sectional plan at B. B. of
Figure 2. Figure 5 is a sectional plan at C. C. of Figure 2. Figure 6 a
sectional plan at D. D. of Figure 2 and Figure 7 a sectional plan at E. E. of
Figure 2.
Referring to Figure 2 the fireplaces are of the Galton type, fresh air from the
outside is brought in by the ducts a a' formed in the floor, this air passes round the
metal gills 66 Figure 7 and enters the ward_or_room_by-the ornamental
gratings cc Figure 2 the air when there is a fire in the grate being warm then
D

page_text: ascends in the room or ward causing the vitiated air to find an outlet through the
louvres which are opened according to the state of the weather and fireplace when
used. The products of combustion from the fire pass out and up the metal smoke
flues d d Figure 2 one flue to each fireplace and which are entirely isolated from
the channels through which fresh air passes before entering the ward or room
through e el Figure 2. Each flue is provided with a door at the bottom e el to
enable the flue to be cleaned. The fireplaces on the first floor are precisely
similar to those already alluded to on the ground floor and they discharge into
smoke flues 99 each of which is provided with a cleaning door at the bottom.
The flues g g for the first Hoor are absolutely isolated from the flues d d for the
ground floor.
Referring to Figures 3 to 7 both inclusive it will be seen that the smoke
flues d d' are together carried up inside a closed brick shaft h Figure 7 while each
of the smoke flues g and g' is carried up in a separate ventilating shaft j and j
Figure 5 of similar type. In Figure 7 are shewn two groups of radiators kk
with pipes placed vertically and of such a height as to adequately heat the
ventilating shaft. Similarly upon the first floor are placed two groups of
radiators in ventilating shafts and j' respectively. Each smoke flue ends in
an ordinary pot at the top and all the ventilating shafts discharge through m m
Figure 2 all round the chimney near the top. The smoke flues d d¹ Figure 2 are
kept firm by means of cross bars n Figure 6 which also acts as steps or rungs of a
ladder for the purpose of cleaning the central ventilating shaft h Figure 6.
A similar plan (not shewn) would be provided for cleaning the ventilating shafts j
and . The whole of the brickwork of which the shafts are built consist of
special thin white glazed bricks set on edge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination with a stove of the Galton type in which fresh air is
discharged in the room after being warmed, of such a flue placed inside a
special ventilating shaft so that it assists in warming the column of air in the
said shaft as and for the purpose stated and as particularly described and
illustrated.
2. The combination with a stove of the Galton type having a smoke flue
placed inside a special ventilating shaft of a special arrangement for radiating
heat to warm the column of air in the ventilating shaft independently of the heat
given out by the smoke flue as and for the purpose stated and as particularly
described and illustrated.
3. The combination with a stove of the Galton type having a smoke flue placed
inside a special ventilating shaft and special means of radiating heat to warm the
column of air in the said ventilating shaft of two or more openings for each stove
the said openings being one set at or near the ceiling level and the other set at or
near the floor level the two sets of openings being provided with louvres or
their mechanical equivalents and with adjusting mechanism so that when one
set is open the other set must be closed as herein particularly described and
illustrated.
4. The combination with a stove of the Galton type and of a smoke flue inside
a special ventilating shaft provided with special ineaus of radiating heat and
adjustable openings to effect ventilation, of sets of access ladders as particularly
described and illustrated.
Dated this 8th day of January 1896.
CHALTON HUBBARD,
Agent for Alfred Hessell Tiltman, Applicant.