IMPROVEMENTS IN STONE BREAKING MACHINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Rowland Marsden, of Leeds, in the
County of York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STONE BREAKING MACHINES."
Sealed the 28th May 1872, and dated the 1st March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Rowland Marsden
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st March 1872.
I, HENRY ROWLAND MARSDEN, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN STONE BREAKING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain peculiar constructions and arrange-
ments of stone breaking machines whereby their power and efficiency
are increased, whilst at the same time they are more convenient of
application.
According to my Invention I combine a rocking or vibrating upright
lever with two toggles and a moveable and fixed jaw, the rocking lever

page_text: being supported on a cross pin or bolt extending between the two side
standards and passing through a horizontal slot in the boss or vibrating
head of the said lever. On the opposite sides of this vibrating or rocking
boss or head there are formed two curved notches, corresponding notches
being formed in the back of the moveable jaw and in the toggle block,
in which notches are fitted the correspondingly rounded ends of the
two toggle levers. The toggles are so placed that on rocking or
vibrating the actuating lever they will alternately assume a straight
line and an angled position on opposite sides of a right line drawn between
the notch on the moveable jaw and the notch in the toggle block. For
example, when the lever is vertical the two toggles will be straight or
will coincide with the said line, and consequently the greatest force will
be exerted just at the termination of each forward stroke of the moveable
jaw by reason of the toggles passing over or across their points of
greatest resistance. With a view to preventing friction as much as
possible the ends of the toggles which work in the head or boss of the
vibrating upright lever may if desired be toothed, the said teeth
gearing into corresponding teeth formed on the vibrating or rocking
boss or head. By this means the rubbing action of the rounded ends
of the toggles in their notches is considerably reduced.
These improved machines may be driven either by a belt and pulley'
or which I prefer by the direct action of a steam engine attached
to the standards or main framing of the stone breaker itself, thereby
rendering the machine perfectly self contained.
According to one mode of attaching the engine and working the
upright vibrating or rocking lever herein-before referred to I bolt to
the end of the machine a vertical bed plate containing the slide block
guides of the engine, the vertical cylinder of which is bolted to the face
of the said plate. The side standards of the machine are prolonged
sufficiently to form brackets for carrying the bearings of a crank shaft,
upon which I mount one or a pair of fly wheels. The piston rod is
coupled to the crank by a connecting rod, and the said crank is further
coupled by another connecting rod to the upper or free end of the
actuating rocking lever. Or a vertical engine may be fitted to the
side of one or both the standards of the machine, the cylinders being
either fixed or oscillating and the crank made to work directly in a
long slot in the vibrating lever itself without the intervention of any
connecting rod between the crank and the lever. Or a horizontal

page_text: trunk or other engine may be mounted on the tops of the side standards,
the trunk being connected by a rod with the top of the vibrating lever
and by another rod with the crank of the engine shaft. The engines
in any one of the arrangements. before referred to may be cither single
or double as is well understood, and will be fitted with any suitable
and well known arrangements of valve motion and governor or speed
regulator.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Rowland Marsden in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
ROWLAND MARSDEN, of Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Rowland Marsden, Her special
license that I, the said Henry Rowland Marsden, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Rowland
Marsden, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STONE BREAKING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Henry Rowland Marsden, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Rowland Marsden, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained

page_text: in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say:
My said Invention relates to certain peculiar constructions and
arrangements of stone breaking machines whereby their power and 5
efficiency are increased whilst at the same time they are more con-
venient of application.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheets of 1
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, of my Drawings represents a longitudinal vertical
section of one modification of my improved stone breaker; Figure 2
is an end elevation thereof; and Figures 3 and 4 are enlarged details 1
shewing the action of the principal working parts.
According to one part of my Invention I combine a rocking or
vibrating upright lever A with two toggles B, B, and a moveable and
fixed jaw C and D, the rocking lever A being supported on a cross pin
or bolt E extending between the two side standards F of the machine, a
and passing through horizontal slots a, a, shown dotted in Figure 1, or
On the
through a slot in the boss or vibrating head of the said lever.
opposite sides of this vibrating or rocking boss or head there are formed
two curved notches b, b, corresponding notches c, c, being formed in
the back of the moveable jaw C and in the toggle block G, in which
notches are fitted the correspondingly rounded ends of the two toggle
levers B, B. These toggles B are so placed that on rocking or vibrating
the actuating lever A they will alternately assume a straight line, and an
angled position on opposite sides of a right line 1, 2, (see Figures 1, 3,
and 4), drawn through the centre of the notch in the moveable jaw,
and the centre of the notch in the toggle block and passing through the
centre of oscillation of the lever A. For example when the lever A is
vertical as shewn in Figures 1 and 3, the two toggles B will be straight
or will coincide with the said line 1 and 2, and consequently the greatest
force will be exerted just at the termination of each forward stroke of
the moveable jaw, by reason of the toggles passing over or across their
points of greatest resistance. With a view to preventing friction as
much as possible the ends of the toggles B which work in the head or

page_text: boss of the vibrating upright lever A may if desired be toothed, as
shewn in Figures 3 and 4, the said teeth gearing into corresponding
teeth formed on the vibrating or rocking boss or head of the lever A.
By this means the rubbing action of the rounded ends of the toggles in
their notches is considerably reduced.
These improved machines may be driven either by a belt and pulley, or
which I prefer by the direct action of a steam engine attached to the
standards or main framing of the stone breaker itself, thereby rendering
the machine perfectly self-contained.
According to one mode of attaching the engine and working the
upright vibrating or rocking lever A. herein-before referred to, I bolt to
the end of the machine as shewn in Figures 1 and 2 a vertical bed
plate H containing the slide block guides I of the engine, the vertical
cylinder K of which is bolted to the face of the said plate. The side
standards of the machine are prolonged sufficiently to form brackets
L, L, for carrying the bearings of a crank shaft M, upon which I mount
one or a pair of fly wheels N, N. The piston rod O is coupled to the
crank P by a connecting rod Q, and the said crank is further coupled
by another connecting rod R to the upper or free end of the actuating
rocking lever A. Or a vertical engine may be fitted to the side of one
or both of the standards of the machine, as shewn in Figures 5 and 6
(Sheet 1), the cylinder K being either fixed (as shewn in the Drawing),
or oscillating whilst á special crank P' is formed on the shaft M, and
made to work directly in a long slot S in the vibrating lever A itself,
without the intervention of the connecting rod R before referred to
between the crank and the lever. Or a horizontal trunk or other engine
may be mounted on the tops of the side standards, as shewn in Figure 7
(Sheet 2), the trunk T being connected by a rod R with the top of the
vibrating lever A, and by another rod Q with the crank P on the engine
shaft M. The engines in any one of the arrangements before referred
to may be either single or double as is well understood, and will be
fitted with any suitable and well known arrangements of valve motion
and governor or speed regulator.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
3 said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the hercin-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-

page_text: 1st. The peculiar combination and arrangement of rocking or vibrating
upright lever A, toggles B, moveable jaw C, and toggle block G, when
made to operate together as herein-before described and illustrated by
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of my Drawings.
2nd. The combination of a steam engine with the main framing or
standards of a stone breaking machine, whereby such machine is driven
or actuated by the direct application of steam power without the inter-
vention of pullies and driving belts or gearing.
3rd. The peculiar combination of steam engine and stone breaking
machine of the description herein referred to, as herein-before described:
and illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 of my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Rowland Marsden, have to
this my Specification, set my hand and seal, the First day of
August One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.