Improvements in Centrifugal Hydro-extractors.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 27th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Hydro-extractors.
I, GEORGE WILLIAM ELLIOTT, of Meersbrook Park Road, Heeley, Sheffield,
in the County of York, Mining and Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An improved method of constructing hydro-extractors or similar apparatus to be
used in drying coal, sludge, or any other material capable of being fed into, and
delivered out of the said machine continuously, by centrifugal force, and providing
the same with a continuous feed or supply of material to be operated upon, and an
automatic delivery of the same.
By my invention I construct the machine with a horizontal shaft or spindle,
provided with a pulley, drum, or any other suitable driving gear, and rotate the
same in approved bearings.
On one end or portion of the shaft or spindle is secured a boss, hub or flange of
the required size and configuration, and to which is attached by suitable means a
circular (or otherwise) cage, or receiving chamber of the requisite diameter, formed
of one or more pieces of perforated plate, of suitable material, or its equivalent,
this chamber may be made of conical, semi-spherical, parallel or any other desired
sectional shape. The smaller, or one end of this chamber is attached to the before-
mentioned boss, hub, or flange, and which forms the back end, or a portion of the
back end of the chamber.
The chamber can be provided at the open end, or that portion of the greatest
diameter, with a removeable nozzle or extension piece, for the purpose of lengthening
the chamber, or reducing the opening to any desired extent. The outer periphery
of the said chamber is provided with and covered by, felt or other suitable material,
and this is again covered and secured in position by a wire or similar casing or
cage of suitable construction.
In some instances the felt or other filtering material may be dispensed with, and
if necessary a space provided between the revolving chamber or cage, and its outer
covering.
The before described chamber with its felt or other covering, together with the
outer wire casing, revolves inside a fixed outer casing or chamber of larger
diameter, and of suitable material, and which is provided with an outlet in any
required position for the purpose of carrying off the waste or discharged liquid.
Between the revolving chamber and the said fixed casing or outer chamber,
parallel with (or otherwise) the axis of the machine, may be placed louver boards
or similar contrivance extending around the periphery of said chamber to any
desired distance. These louver boards or their equivalent would be attached to the
fixed casing by approved mechanical means and may be made adjustable.
An extension of the outer or fixed casing, (detachable or otherwise as may be
desired) is formed to cover the opening in the end of chamber, or the removeable
nozzle, beforementioned and is provided with a chute inlet or similar contrivance of
approved size, the end of which projects the required distance into, and towards
the back end of the receiving chamber and through which the material to be
operated upon is fed. An outlet for the delivery of dried material is also provided
and may be in connection with an elevator or conveyor of suitable construction, or
in the inside, to an adjustable distance, may be fixed or placed one or more vanes
or scrapers, of the required shape and material, placed at a suitable angle or

page_text: incline, forming a path or chute through which the dried material is forced and
delivered.
The receiving chamber with its coverings may be made in picces and joined
together, and stiffened by webs or ribs of tee iron, or material of other section,
radiating from, attached to, or forming part of the said boss or hub on shaft or
spindle, which said shaft may be continued through and beyond the revolving
chamber and outer casing cover and a further bearing provided if considered
necessary.
The machine can also be arranged to work in a vertical position, in which case
the open or top end of receiving chamber may be left uncovered if desired, and in
the inside to an adjustable depth, may be fixed one or more of the beforementioned
vanes or scrapers up which the dried material is forced and delivered, or, by another
method the material may be driven by the centrifugal force over the upper edge of
the revolving chamber into an outer casing provided, (having an outlet for same
of suitable size in required position) which outer casing may overlap the edge
of revolving chamber, leaving a sufficient space or opening between the two for the
free passage of the dried material.
The machines may be driven by an engine of approved construction, and attached
to the shaft or spindle direct, and may be actuated by steam, compressed air, or
any other suitable means.
Dated this Twenty-seventh day of February 1893.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Hydro-extractors.
I, GEORGE WILLIAM ELLIOTT, of Meersbrook Park Road, Heeley, Sheffield,
in the County of York, Mining and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Improvements in the construction and design of machines used as hydro-extractors,
in drying, wholly or partially, as may be required, coal, sludge or other material,
which said material is, or may be, capable of being fed into, and delivered out of
said machine continuously and automatically, by centrifugal force.
For the purpose of explaining the principle of my invention, and the various
modes or methods of applying it, I have annexed to this Specification drawings or
illustrations shewing how I may adapt my improvements to machines constructed
to suit various requirements, but I do not confine myself to any of the said
arrangements.
The same letters of reference apply to and indicate same or similar parts or
details in the various figures or illustrations shewn on the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 Sheet 1, illustrates a longitudinal section of a machine for the before
described purpose, placed in a horizontal position, and is constructed with an outer
casing A, which may be made or formed of cast metal, sheet steel, iron or a com-
bination of such, or any other approved material, of suitable size and configuration,
composed of any number of pieces or parts, secured together by suitable mechanical
means.
This outer casing A, may be provided with ends, or covers B and B', removable
or otherwise, in one or more parts, through or near, the centre of which I pass a
shaft or spindle C, of steel, or other metal, placed in a horizontal position, and
revolving in, and carried by, one or more bearings F, of approved construction.
This shaft or spindle may be actuated by a pulley K, or if found advantageous
to do so, may have any suitable motive appliance attached direct.
On and to this shaft or spindle C, may be secured and attached a boss, hub, or
flange, or similar contrivance D, of suitable material, provided with an annular

page_text: flange, if desired, to which is attached or connected one end of the revolving or
drying chamber E into which the material to be operated upon is fed.
This drying chamber E, is made of the requisite diameter and length, formed of
one or more pieces of perforated plate, of suitable material, or its equivalent, and
may be made conical semispherical, or any other desired sectional shape. The
back end, or that part of least diameter, is formed of, and by the boss, or hub, D,
having the annular flange, or its equivalent, and to which the revolving chamber is
firmly secured and attached. This connection and the revolving chamber E, may,
if desired, be strengthened and stiffened by using tee irons O, or similar stays or
gussets, for the purpose.
The open end of the chamber E, or that portion of greatest diameter, may be
provided with an adjustable outlet, by attaching a removable nozzle or extension
piece H, for the purpose of lengthening the chamber, reducing the opening, or both
combined, to any desired extent.
On and around the outer periphery of the chamber E may be placed a filtering
medium, cover, or casing E ef felt or any other suitable material; and this again
may be encased and secured in position by an outer cover or casing of wire, similar
appliance, or if considered necessary, by a perforated plate or plates E³. In some
instances it might be found advisable to omit the cover E', and leave any desired
distance or space, between the chamber casing E, and the outer
casing E'.
cover
or
The beforementioned casings E, E' and E2, with the hub or boss D, having the
annular flange, and extension nozzle H, forms the drying chamber, and is rotated
on, and by, the shaft or spindle C, working in the bearings F, and revolving in
the outer casing A, of machine, which said casing or body A, is provided, in any
approved position, with an outlet J, for the purpose of carrying off the waste or
discharged liquid.
To prevent, wholly or partially, the discharged liquid, thrown by the centrifugal
force, from the revolving or drying chamber, falling on, or returning to the same,
I may place around the inner periphery of machine body A, and between it and
the revolving chamber, to any desired extent of the internal circumference of the
same, louvre boards, K', shutters or their equivalent, which may be adjustable or
otherwise. These louvre boards or their equivalent may be placed parallel with
the axis of machine, and secured to outer body or casing A, by any mechanical
means.
In the end of the body casing, in any required position I place the inlet, which
may be formed of a pipe or chute G, of approved size, the end of which projects
the required distance into, and towards the back, or small end of the revolving
chamber E, and through which the material to be operated upon
fed.
An outlet N, for the delivery of dried or partially dried material is provided,
and may be placed in the lower half of the end or cover B', or the machine may be
arranged to discharge itself through the bottom, in any required position, and if
desired may be connected with an elevator or conveyor.
On the inside of the outer casing A may be fixed one or more vanes or scrapers M,
of the required shape and material, and which may project to an adjustable distance,
at an approved angle or incline, into the revolving chamber E beforementioned,
forming a path or chute, through, or by which, the dried material is forced and
delivered.
Figure 2 Sheet 1, shews a modification of the foregoing arrangement, by which
the chamber E, is composed or consists of two cones E and E' of different
diameters and angles, placed one inside the other, and secured together at the ends
of largest diameters, by angle iron, or similar means. The back or smaller end is
attached to a circular plate L, of steel, or iron, which forms a continuation or
extension of the annular flange on hub or boss D. The space or distance left
between the two cones E and E', may be filled by, or with any filtering material
found requisite. The cones may be made of perforated plate, or of wire or both
combined.

page_text: In adopting this method of constructing a machine, the cone casing E³, will be
found to give the necessary rigidity to the revolving chamber, without making
use of tee irons as before described.
In some instances it may be advantageous to dispense with the outer casing E³,
and in lieu of the same apply any requisite number of stays of suitable material
and section, a wire casing in segments or otherwise being employed to connect
the said stays and complete the cone F³.
The machine may be provided as before with the fixed outer body or casing A,
the shaft or spindle C, revolving in bearings F, the inlet and outlets, both for
material and discharged liquid may be similar to the arrangement shewa
by Figure 1 Sheet 1, the whole being driven or actuated by any approved means.
By refering to Figure 3 Sheet 2 it will be seen how I adapt my improvement
to machines having their axis placed in a vertical position. A machine fixed in
this position may be open at the top if desired, the shaft or spindle C, need not
necessarily be carried through the revolving chamber, and no second bearing is
requisite. In the inside of the revolving or drying chamber E, and to an adjustable
depth I place one or more of the beformentioned vanes or scrapers, at an approved
angle or incline, up which the dried material is forced and delivered. The same
or similar methods of constructing the revolving or drying chamber E, as before
described may be applied in making machines to work in a vertical position, but
the stays or tee irons need not be employed.
The arrangement shewn by Figure 4, Sheet 2, illustrates how a vertical machine
may be made to deliver the dried material over the upper edge of the revolving
or drying chamber by centrifugal force. The machine is constructed in a similar
manner to the foregoing but an additional fixed outer body or casing A¹ may be
provided, having the top edge turned over inwardly, and overlapping to any desired
extent the top edge of revolving chamber E, which may also have the top turned
over in an outward direction and overlapping the fixed inner casing A.
sufficient space is left between the overlapping portion of fixed outer body or
casing A', and the top part of the inner casing A to allow the dried material
to pass.
A
A suitable outlet N', for the delivery of dried material is provided in any
required part or position on the fixed outer casing A¹.
The waste or discharged liquid thrown from the drying chamber E, impinging
against the casing A, finds its way through the bottom by means of the outlet
opening J. Suitable vanes or scrapers may be attached.if considered necessary
or desireable.
or
In some instances it might be found of advantage to feed or deliver the material
to be operated upon, through an inlet placed at, or in the cover or end B, of the
horizontal machine, and passing the material through and into the small end of
revolving chamber E. In adopting this method of feeding I form the hub or
boss D, similar in configuration to a pulley, having two or more arms, connecting
rim to boss, and of the requisite diameter, the smaller end of the revolving
drying chamber E would then be secured to the rim of pulley shaped boss or hub,
the spaces between the arms of same allowing free entry for material, into revolving
and drying chamber E. This drying chamber may, if required, be provided with
a further bearing or connection to shaft or spindle C, placed at or near the end
of largest diameter of said chamber, this bearing would be provided with adequate
openings for the continuous delivery of dried material, into the outer fixed casing A,
and through the delivery chute N, as before described.
Any approved arrangement of driving gear coupled or connected direct with
spindle, or by belting, or other means may be applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
1st. The use of machines as hydro extractors (centrifugal) or driers of coal,

page_text: sludge, or any other material, capable of being continuously fed into, and delivered
out of said machine, and constructed generally as herein described and illustrated
on accompanying sheets of drawings by Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, and Figures 3
and 4, Sheet 2.
2nd. The use in centrifugal hydro extractors or driers of material, of louvre
boards, or any similar arrangement, or their equivalent, for the purpose of
preventing the discharged liquid, thrown by the centrifugal force, from the
revolving chamber, returning to the same, as herein described and shewn on
drawings.
3rd. The use and combination of any of the various arrangements, or parts or
details of the said arrangements, as shewn on the accompanying drawings and
described herein.
4th. The use of appliances or arrangements, for the purpose of enabling the said
machines to be continuously fed and discharged, as generally shewn on drawings
and herein described.
5th. The manufacture of machines, used as centrifugal hydro-extractors, or driers
of material, constructed as generally shewn on drawings and herein described, and
for the purpose, or purposes, of the better extraction of waste liquid from coal,
Bludge, or any other material, capable of being continuously fed into, and discharged
or delivered out of the said machine.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of November 1893.
G. W. ELLIOTT.