Improvements in or relating to Machinery for making Nails and Rivets.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1899
Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 17th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machinery for making Nails and
Rivets.
We, BENJAMIN MOUNTAIN AND SON, LIMITED, of Hunslet Nail Works, South
Accommodation Road, Hunslet, Leeds, in the County of York Nail Manufac-
turers, and HERBERT ARMISTEAD, of 179, Dewsbury Road, Leeds, aforesaid, Rivet
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus employed
for making nails and rivets, such as are used, say, for example, in the manu-
facture of boots and shoes.
Hitherto in this class of machinery the cutters-which are employed for cut-
ting off a piece of wire, or a portion of the screed, out of which the nail or
rivet is formed, have been arranged to meet at or about the centre of the same.
This method requires careful adjustment of the cutters to prevent damage thereto,
as well as the use of a "
knocker off" to clear the cutters for the next operation.
Further, after the "knocker off" and its actuating mechanism have been in use
a little time, they are very liable to get out of adjustment and to increase the
liability to breakage of the machine. Besides which nails or rivets thus formed
have a burr on the head portion.
Now the object of the present invention is to overcome these defects by ensur-
ing a more accurate working of the cutters, as well as to dispense with the use
of the "knocker off" and its actuating mechanism, thus saving a considerable
amount of wear and tear on the driving shaft of the machine, and consequent
expense in repairs, and at the same time to produce a nail or rivet with a per-
fectly formed head free from any burr or irregularity.
According to this invention the cutters, dies, and tool are mounted in suit-
able slides upon framework of of ordinary construction and an intermittent
motion is imparted to these parts from the driving shaft, to which a continuous
rotary motion is imparted from any suitable source, by means of cams, disc
plates, connecting rods, and springs.
The wire or screed,-out of which the nail or rivet is formed,-is mounted upon
the machine, say, in a coil, and is automatically fed to and held by the dies by
ordinary means.
The dies are so constructed as to permit of the heading tool forming the head
of the nail or rivet therein prior to the wire or screed being traversed forwards
the length of the nail.
The cutters are then reciprocated across the face of the dies for cutting the
nail or rivet to length.
To one of the cutters is attached a thin steel plate which projects beyond the
face to the said cutter and coming into contact with the wire or screed remains
stationery while the other cutter comes forward shearing off the wire or screed,
and carries the sheared portion into the stationary cutter where, on the two
cutters engaging the point is formed.

page_text: To accomplish this the cams on the driving shaft are so constructed and
arranged that a variable motion may be imparted to the cutters.
That is to say,
one cam is arranged to cause one of the cutters to be traversed a greater dis-
tance than the other cutter for cleanly shearing off a headed portion of the wire
or screed, carrying the portion thus cut off past the centre of the screed. Before
the nail or rivet has had time to fall the shearing cutter pushes the partially
formed nail or rivet into the then stationary cutter, when a second cam on the
driving shaft will actuate the then, stationary cutter for forming the point.
When the cutters release their hold upon the nail or rivet it will fall straight
into the chute of the machine.
By the above described means at each operation of the machine a nail or rivet
is formed without the danger of a burr or ridge being formed on its head, and
at the same time the cutters are not nearly so liable to damage as in machines
of ordinary construction.
Other parts of the machine not particularly described may be of the usual and
ordinary construction.
T
A C
1
0 TA 1
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machinery for making Nails and
Rivets.
We, BENJAMIN MOUNTAIN AND SON, LIMITED, of Hunslet Nail Works, South
Accommodation Road, Hunslet, Leeds, in the County of York Nail Manufac-
turers, and HERBERT ARMISTEAD, of 179, Dewsbury Road, Leeds, aforesaid, Rivet
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus employed
for making nails and rivets, such as are used, say, for example, in the manu-
facture of boots and shoes.
Hitherto in this class of machinery the cutters which are employed for cutting
off a piece of wire, or a portion of the screed,-out of which the nail. or
rivet is formed, have been arranged to meet at or about the centre of the same.
This method requires careful adjustment of the cutters to prevent damage thereto,
as well as the use of a knocker off" to clear the cutters for the next operation.
Further, after the "knocker off" and its actuating mechanism have been in use
a little time, they are very liable to get out of adjustment and to increase the
liability to breakage of the machine. Besides which nails or rivets thus formed
have a burr on the head portion.
"
Now the object of the present invention is to overcome these defects by ensur-
ing a more accurate working of the cutters, as well as to dispense with the use
of the Knocker off and its actuating mechanism, thus saving a considerable
amount of wear and tear on the driving shaft of the machine, and consequent
expense in repairs, and at the same time to produce a nail or rivet with a per-
fectly formed head free from any burr or irregularity.

page_text: In the drawings hereunto annexed:
Fig. 1 is a plan and Fig. 2 a part sectional elevation of a machine for making
nails and rivets with this invention applied.
Figs. 3 to 8 are respectively side and end elevations and plans of the cutters
for use in forming nails or rivets.
Fig. 9 is a front elevation, and Fig. 10 a side elevation of the die with the
cutters in position.
Figs. 11 and 12 are respectively side and front elevations of the cams on the
driving shaft for imparting motion to the cutters.
Like parts in all the views are marked with similar letters of reference.
In the drawings we have shown the invention applied to a nail or rivet making
machine of the usual and ordinary construction, with the exception that the
"knocker off" and its actuating mechanism is dispensed with.
A is the framework and B the bed plate of the machine; C the driving shaft
which receives a continuous rotary motion from any suitable, source, through
driving pulley D and fly-wheel E; F the heading tool, working in slides and pro-
vided with the stop if working on and controlled by the cam G, the heading
tool being moved to its work by means of the strong spring f'; H the disc plate
with pin for operating the connecting rod h and lever which works the slide h³
for feeding the screed to the dies and cutters; I, I, the levers for working the
die for holding the wire or screed, the levers I being operated by the cam ¹
on the driving shaft C; J, J, the levers which work the cutters and on which
the said cutters are adjusted. The levers J, J, are held in their normal position
by the springs j, j, but are put into operation by means of the cams K L work-
ing against balls or runners on the underside of the levers J.
M the chute into which the completed nail or rivet falls, and from thence into
a tin or other receptacle N. All the above described parts, as well as other parts
of the machine not herein described or shown in the drawings, are of the usual
and ordinary construction.
According to this invention the cutters O, P, die i, and heading tool F are
mounted in suitable slides upon the bed plate 13 of the machine and an inter-
mittent motion is imparted to these parts from the driving shaft C,-to which a
continuous rotary motion is imparted from any suitable source,-by means of
cams, disc plates, connecting rods, and springs.
The wire or screed Q,-out of which the nail or rivet is formed,-is mounted
upon the machine, say, in a coil and is automatically fed to and held by the
dies i, 2, by ordinary means as above set forth.
The dies i, are so constructed as to permit of the heading tool F forming
the head of the nail or rivet therein prior to the wire or screed Q being traversed
forwards the length of the nail.
The cutters O P are then reciprocated across the face, of the dies i, 2 for cut-.
ting the nail or rivet to length.
To one of the said cutters 0 is attached a thin steel plate which projects
beyond the face to the said cutter, and coming into contact with the wire or
screed Qremains stationary while the other cutter P comes forward shearing off
the wire or screed, and carries the sheared portion into the stationary cutter O
where on the cutters P engaging, the point is formed.
To accomplish this the cams K, L, on the driving shaft C are so constructed
and arranged that a variable motion may be imparted to the cutters 0, P.
That is to say, one cam K is arranged to cause the cutter 0 with the
steel plate o thereon to come in contact with the screed Q, and then remain
stationary whilst the other cam L,-which starts its operation just after cam K,-
is arranged to cause the other cutter P to be traversed a greater distance than the
other cutter O, through the ordinary cutter adjusting mechanism p, for cleanly
shearing off a headed portion of the wire or screed Q, carrying the portion thus
cut off past the centre of the screed. Before the nail or rivet has had time to
fall the shearing cutter P pushes the partially formed nail or rivet into the then

page_text: stationary cutter.O, which is kept up to its position by the continued operation
of the cam K. As the cam L causes the cutter P to continue its movement, it
becomes engaged with the cutter O and the point of the nail is then formed.
As the cutter P shears off the headed portion of the wire or screed Q it
passes on to the thin plate o till it engages with the cutter 0, the plate o pass-
ing under the cutter P into a recess o¹ provided for its reception. It will thus
be seen that a small portion of the wire or screed Q-the thickness of the steel
plate is left projecting out from between the dies and which forms the head of
the nail or rivet.
As soon as the heading tool F forms the head of the nail or rivet the die i
is caused to release its hold upon the wire or screed Q which is then moved for-
ward by means of the slide h2 and gripping holder or spring 3 by means of the
lever ¹ connecting rod, and disc plate H. The die is then caused to grip
the wire or screed and the cutters reciprocate across the face of the dies i and
for shearing off the nail and forming its point.
When the cutters OP release their hold upon the nail or rivet it will fall
straight into the chute M of the machine.
By the above described means at each operation of the machine a nail or rivet
is formed without the danger of a burr or ridge being formed on its head, and
at the same time are not nearly so liable to damage as in machines of ordinary
construction.
In addition the "knocker off" and its operating mechanism is dispensed with,
and thereby does away with a great deal of friction and wear and tear upon the
working parts of the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. In a machine for making nails or rivets, a cutter provided with a thin steel
plate projecting beyond its face, the said cutter being caused by a cam, fixed
on the driving shaft of the machine, to reciprocate in its slide and to come in
contact with the wire or screed, and then to remain stationary, whilst the other
cutter is caused by another cam, fixed on the said driving shaft, to reciprocate
across the face of the dies-which hold the wire or screed during the operation-
and to shear off a headed portion of the wire or screed, carrying the said headed
portion into the then stationary cutter, where, on the two cutters engaging, the
point is formed, all arranged and operating as herein described and as illustrated
in the drawings hereunto annexed.
2. In a machine for making nails or rivets, the cutters, and cams for operat-
ing same, all constructed and arranged as herein described, in combination with
other working parts of the said machine, all as herein set forth and as illustrated
in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this Sixteenth day of November 1899.
B. MOUNTAIN & SON, LIMITED,
HERBERT ARMISTEAD,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.