An Improved Mode of Admixing and Preparing Petroleum and other Matter in Compound Form, with a View to its Final use as a Com- bustible.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 18th Dec., 1897
An Improved Mode of Admixing and Preparing Petroleum and other
Matter in Compound Form, with a View to its Final use as a Com-
bustible.
I, JOHN WOOD LEADBEATER, of 55, Banstead Grove, Roundhay Road, Leeds, in
the county of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows: :-
It has reference to a mode of bringing petroleum into the market otherwise than
in the ordinary liquid form; and it has for its object the manufacture of a petro-
leum compound having the essential quality of not melting and running at its
final firing which compound may take either a form (a) stiff and firm enough to
be handled and transported by rail, ship, or otherwise, without danger, and in a
condition suitable for its final use as a combustible; or else (b) be mixed with a
base (for burning purposes) whilst in the fluid state due to its preparation, and
before it cools and hardens.
I carry out my object as follows:-I take a suitable quantity of petroleum,
which may be quite crude or otherwise (petroleum refuse, sometimes called
"astaki" will do) and I add thereto small proportions of animal or vegetable
stearine, resin, lime, and sawdust (or the like), suitably mixing the whole, with
the application of as little heat as possible, in order to retain the maximum amount
of volatile matter.
.
This Compound when cool may, in the form of cake, be handled, stored in
heaps, and transported, without danger, in any suitable quantity or bulk; and it
may after pulverisation (or the like) be used as a dust fuel, either in combination
with other combustible matter, or alone, as may be found convenient and suitable
under the particular circumstances which present themselves.
The Conipound may be used as an enricher, or as an assistant to an otherwise
Bluggish combustible when waste products of little or no calorific value are to be
consumed; and, in this latter way, town's refuse, and the like, may be utilised
in Conjunction with the Compound.
If the Compound is required to be immediately mixed with another base, more
or less combustible, so as to be ready for final firing (or approximately so), I do
not allow it to cool, but, whilst in its warm fluid state I mix it, in any suitable
and convenient way, with the material in the combustion of which it is to play its
part. After this, the whole may be allowed to cool and harden, or it may be
at once fired if convenient, as in neither case will it melt and run in firing
1000
WM. SNOWDON,
(Box W.S.) 24, Basinghall Street. Leeds. Yorks. Agent for the applicant

page_text: An Improved Mode of Admixing and Preparing Petroleum and other
Matter in Compound Form, with a View to its Final use as a Com-
bustible.
I, JOHN WOOD LEADBEATER, of 55, Banstead Grove, Roundhay Road, Leeds, in
the county of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention has reference to a mode of bringing petroleum (that is to say
any known or available mineral oils) into a marketable form as a combustible
other than in the ordinary liquid form, and it. has for its object the manufacture
of a compound having the essential quality of not melting and running during
combustion, which compound may be in a condition hard enough to be handled
and transported by rail, ship or otherwise, without danger, and in a condition
suitable for use as a combustible; or it may be in a condition somewhat approach-
ing that of a fluid, for mixing with other material, along with which it is to act
ás a combustible.
I may carry out my object as follows:-
I take a suitable quantity of petroleum, which may be crude or otherwise (any
mineral oil residue or refuse, for instance Astatki," will do) and I add thereto
a small proportion of animal or vegetable stearine (that is to say a solid fat or
solid fatty acid, resin, lime, and sawdust (or other similar absorbent) thoroughly
mixing the whole with the application of as little heat as possible in order to
minimise the evaporation of volatile matter. The said materials are hereinafter
referred to shortly as Stearine, Resin, Lime and Sawdust.
The proportions, which will vary according to circumstances, may be for
example approximately as follows: To every one hundred and twenty-eight
parts (by weight) of petroleum I add one part of animal or vegetable stearine,
twelve parts of resin, eight parts of unslaked lime, and eight parts of sawdust
preferably of a light and absorbent nature). The mode of mixing is preferably
as follows:-I first melt the stearine and the resin together in the same vessel-pre-
ferably in a steam-jacketted pan heated by low pressure steam-using only the
amount of heat necessary to melt the stearine and resin (if desired to thin the mix-
ture, a little of the petroleum may be added at this stage, taking care to use as little
heat as possible); I mix the lime and the sawdust together, and I add them to and
stir them in, the petroleum, which, standing in its independent vessel, is of course
cold. I then turn off the steam from the pan and add the mixture of petroleum,
lime and sawdust to the other ingredients in the pan, agitating the whole
thoroughly to ensure a proper admixture. The resulting compound is, when cold,
a fairly hard substance, but if a harder or softer one be desired, it may be made
by using a different percentage of the ingredients. I therefore do not limit myself
to the exact proportions of the various ingredients herein before given.
This compound, when prepared of the necessary stiffness and allowed to set
hard, may, in the form of cakes or the like, be handled, stored in heaps, and trans-
ported without danger, in any suitable quantity or bulk, and it may, after pulver-
isation or division, be used in that state as a fuel either in combination with other
combustible matter or alone. Or the ingredients may be proportioned so that the
product when cold is in a state somewhat approaching that of a fluid but which
will set, or practically set, when mixed with other combustible materials. This
admixture with other combustible materials may either take place immediately,

page_text: whilst the compound is still warm, or at a remoter period, when cold. The com-
pound may be used as an enricher; or as an assistant to an otherwise sluggish
combustible when waste products of little calorific value are to be consumed; and
in this latter way town's refuse, dried sewage sludge, and the like, may be utilised
in conjunction with the compound.
I make no general claim for treating petroleum with a view of solidifying or
gelatinising it, as my sole aim has been the introduction of a simple, inexpensive
and rapid mode of preparing a petroleum compound for use as fuel that will not
melt and run during combustion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
-
1. The manufacture and production of a combustible compound; consisting of,
or containing petroleum, stearine, resin, lime and sawdust, substantially as here-
inbefore described.
2. The manufacture and production of a combustible compound, by preparing
a mixture of pe'roleum, stearine, resin, lime and sawdust in a state somewhat
approaching that of a fluid and mixing and setting it with other matter to be
consumed; substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. The mode of preparing the compound, as set forth, a minimum amount of
heat being used in the preparation, with a special view of retaining volatile
matter.
Dated this 19th dow of Nov 1807
WM. SNOWDON,
(Box W.S.); 24, Basinghall Street. Leeds. Yorks.
(Agent for the applicant).