An Improved Level, Clinometer, or Plumb Rule.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 25th June, 1898-Accepted, 20th Aug., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Level, Clinometer, or Plumb Rule.
We, GEORGE KRAPP, of 2, Saint Jacobsplatz, Bamberg, in the German Empire,
Merchant, and JACOB KACHELMANN, Mechanician, of same address, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and
figures marked thereon, that is to say: -
This invention relates to an improved level clinometer or plumb rule, suitable for
use by masons and others, having this characteristic feature, that, while avoiding
the easily breakable spirit, or water level it admits of executing with the greatest
accuracy all those operations which heretofore have had to be done by using the
spirit or water level.
The invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanying draw-
ings, in which,
Fig. 1 shows this improved level clinometer or plumb rule in front elevation.
Fig. 2 the same on line A B Fig. 1.
In the interior of a straight edge or rule 1, of suitable material, such as wood,
metal or the like, is placed a casing 2, provided with a disc-like cover 3 and con-
taining the indicating device. The parts are so inserted into the rule that in
order not to interfere with the use of the level neither the fastening ring 4, nor
any other portion of the device will project from the wood or other material, form-
ing the rule.
In the rear wall of the box a small bearing 5 is provided; an analogous bearing,
preferably made adjustable, being arranged in the doubly bent piece 6 so that the
spindle 8, located between the said bearings and passing through the graduated
dial 7, is adapted to move freely. The bearings are suitably covered with agate
caps, in order to ensure a more easy play of the spindle 8.
Upon the said spindle a pendulum 9 is screwed, or otherwise firmly secured, and
a hand or pointer 10 is arranged upon the said spindle 8, outside the dial 7, this
hand being adapted to move over the graduations of the dial.
The apparatus, may be also constructed in a more simple manner by leaving
out the agate caps. The casing 2 may also, in some instances, pass right through
the portion 1, while the pendulum may be made in a single piece.
The advantages of a level constructed in conformity with this invention consist
essentially in its high capability of resisting blows or rough usage.
In the case of practical working on buildings, or the like, the tubes of the
ordinary spirit or water level are very frequently exposed to breakage, an accident
which may often cause the greatest inconvenience. If this improved level be con-
structed in an accurate manner, it is of the most extreme sensitiveness.
The shape of the straight edge or rule 1 may be modified to suit special cir-
cumstances or purposes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be employed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A level clinometer or plumb rule having a spindle carrying a pendulum
and a hand adapted to oscillate freely; the said hand working over a suitably
graduated scale or dial substantially as described.
2. A level clinometer or plumb rule for masons or others, constructed and
operating substantially as herein before described with reference to the accom-
panying drawings.
Dated this 25th day of June 1898.
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 5*, Market Street, Nottingham.
Agent for the Applicants.