also Applicable in the Manufacture of other than Sand Faced Bricks.
Year: 1886

page_text: also Applicable in the Manufacture of other than Sand
Faced Bricks.
I WILLIAM JOHNSON of Queen's Road Burley near Leeds in the County of
York, Engineer and Brick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAND FACED BRICKS AND
IN APPARATUS USED THEREFOR, PART OF SUCH APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OTHER THAN SAND FACED BRICKS, to be as follows:-
The column of clay issuing from the pug mill is passed through the lower part
of a hopper, such hopper being filled with sand. The column of clay in issuing
from the hopper is thereby covered on the top and sides with sand; and in order
to ensure the proper attachment of the sand to the clay, the column as it issues
from the hopper is passed between rollers, which press the sand firmly into the
surface of the clay. The column of clay is then passed on to the cutting machine,
& afterwards on to the brick press.
In order to retain the sand uniformly on the faced sides of the brick I pass the
brick to be pressed into an expanding mould, which is not closed until the brick
has been placed in position ready for pressing; the mould being also opened or
expanded before the pressed brick is forced out. For this purpose the sides of the
mould are advanced and drawn back at the proper times by means of eccentrics or
cams, these being actuated by some moving part of the machine.
It will be evident that an expanding mould as above described can be used in
the pressing of other than sand faced bricks.
Doted thin orth J
1000

page_text: "
Improvements in the Manufacture of Sand Faced Bricks, and
in Apparatus Used therefor, Part of such Apparatus being
also Applicable in the Manufacture of other than Sand
Faced Bricks.
I WILLIAM JOHNSON of Queen's Road Burley near Leeds in the County of
York, Engineer and Brick Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAND FACED BRICKS, AND
IN APPARATUS USED THEREFOR, PART OF SUCH APPARATUS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE
IN THE. MANUFACTURE OF OTHER THAN SAND FACED BRICKS, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The column of, clay issuing from the pug mill is passed through the lower part
of a hopper, such hopper being filled with sand. The column of clay in issuing
from the hopper is thereby covered on the top and sides with sand; and in order
to ensure the proper attachment of the sand to the clay, the column as it issues
from the hopper is passed between rollers, which press the sand firmly into the
surface of the clay. The column of clay is then passed on to the cutting machine
and afterwards on to the brick press.
In order to retain the sand uniformly on the faced sides of the brick, I pass the
brick to be pressed into an expanding, mould, which is not closed until the brick
has been placed in position ready for pressing; the mould being also opened or
expanded before the pressed brick is forced out. For this purpose the sides of the
mould are advanced and drawn back at the proper times by means of eccentrics or
cams, these being actuated by some moving part of the machine.
It will be evident that an expanding mould as above described can be used in
the pressing of other than sand-faced bricks.
And in order that my Invention may be more readily understood reference is
given to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and marks thereon.
:
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a cross section and Fig. 2 a front elevation, of a hopper constructed in
accordance with my Invention. The front and back of the hopper contain
openings a and b, slightly larger than the cross section of the column of clay,
which enters the lower part of the hopper at the back opening 'b, and passes out
by the front opening a Within the. hopper I provide an adjustible and flexible
regulator o, made by attaching a cross piece of sheet iron to a flap of leather or
rubber. By raising or lowering the regulator c, the amount of sand which 'attaches
itself to the three sides of the clay column as it passes through the lower part of
the hopper, may be increased or lessened. In order to ensure the proper attach-
ment of the sand to the clay, the column as it leaves the hopper is passed between
the rollers d, e, and f, thereby pressing the sand firmly into the surface of the clay.
When the column of clay is sufficiently strong, the rotation of the pressing
rollers d, e, and f will be caused by friction against the column of clay as it is
passed between them. When however the clay is not sufficiently strong to be

page_text: forced through the hopper and between the rollers by the pressure from the pug
mill, it will be necessary to drive the rollers d, e, and f, from some moving part of
the pug mill or cutting machine, which can be done by any of the ordinary means
of transmission.
The column of clay after leaving the hopper is passed on to the cutting machine
and thence to the press.
The press is shewn in Figs. 3-6, of which Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation on
line A B Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is a front elevation, Fig. 5 a side elevation, and Fig. 6 a
plan on line C D Fig. 3.
a is the driving shaft, and b, 61, are the driving and loose pulleys. The driving
shaft a gears directly with the second motion shaft c by means of the toothed
wheels d and e. At the centre of the second motion shaft c is provided the
crank c¹, which works in the curved slotted link f, thereby giving an irregular
intermittent vertical motion to the die g. One end of the second motion shaft c
is provided with a face grooved cam h, Figs. 4 and 5 which imparts a reciprocating
motion to the lever j. The lower end of this lever is provided with a slot j¹,
which fits over the crank or disc pin k, and thereby imparts a reciprocating partial
rotary motion to the press shaft . This shaft by means of bevil wheels communi-
cates its motion to the three shafts m, n, and o. On all the four shafts are fitted
cams or eccentrics p, to which the sides 8 of the mould are respectively attached.
The partial reciprocating rotary motion of the shafts l, m, n and o, imparts by means
of the eccentrics p, a to- and fro-motion to the sides of the mould, which are thus
opened and closed at the proper moments. The bottom of the mould q is supported
on the cross piece r, which rests on a spiral spring of great strength. When the
pressure exercised by the descending die g becomes excessive the spring allows the
bottom of the mould to yield. When the brick has been pressed, the die is
partly raised, and the sides 8 of the mould are withdrawn or opened before the
bottom of the mould is raised for forcing out the pressed brick; thereby avoiding
all friction on the sides of the brick as it is lifted or forced out of the mould.
g
In place of the bevil wheels I sometimes connect the four shafts together and
actuate them from the rocking lever ; by means of links and levers.
10
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1° In the manufacture of sand faced bricks, the use of a hopper (filled with sand)
through the lower part of which the column of clay is passed, and the rollers d, e
and f, (at the exit from the hopper) driven by friction or otherwise, substantially as
and for the purpose herein set forth and shewn in Figs. 1 and 2 of the accom-
panying drawings.
2° The expanding mould formed of the moveable bottom q, and moveable sides 8,
the sides & being attached to and operated by means of the cams or eccentrics p,
(or levers and links), and the shafts l, m, n and o, substantially as and for the
purposes herein set forth and shewn in Figs. 3 and 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
°
3° The arrangement and combination of the shafts a and c, cam h, rocking
lever j, and disc crank, for operating the sides 8 of the mould, substantially as
herein set forth and shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Deted this 21st dex of October 1886
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
Agent to the aforesaid Applicant.