IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING THE BARS OF FURNACES AND GRATES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau,
of the English and Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Fins-
bury, London, and 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING THE BARS OF FURNACES AND
GRATES." A communication.
Sealed the 12th March 1853, and dated the 7th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Armand Le
Comte de Fontaine Moreau at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th December 1852.
I, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English
and Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, and
39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING THE BARS OF FURNACES
AND GRATES" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in the mode of constructing the bars of fire
grates and furnaces; they are made of cast or wrought iron, and have
two air surfaces, an upper and a lower one. A shouldering placed
under their axis forms the principal division of the upper and lateral

page_text: air currents, the shoulder can be permanent or moveable, and inde-
pendent of the part forming the top of the bars; these last can be placed
flat and permanently on the supporters of the gratings, or they may be
moveable in order to be either alternately or continually agitated, to
allow the fire being poked, to brake the scorice, and to cause the non-
combustible substances preventing the fierceness of the fire to fall out
of the grating.
SPICIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau in
the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 6th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English and
Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, and 39,
Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine
Moreau, Her special license that I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte
de Fontaine Moreau, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING THE BARS OF FURNACES
AND GRATES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Peter Armand Le. Comte de Fontaine Moreau, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great

page_text: Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de
Fontaine Moreau, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
communicated to me, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:
The Invention consists in constructing the bars of furnace and other
similar grates of an arched or partly circular form, and with a double
row of air holes in the length of the bars, by which the clogging of
combustible to the bars is obviated, the combustion improved, and an
important economy of fuel effected.
The necessity of a good system of burning fuel has long been felt,
more especially in large works and factories, where a serious loss occurs
by the escape into the air, in the form of smoke, of a large proportion
of the combustible employed, occasioned by an incomplete combustion
consequent upon a deficient supply of air to the ignited fuel.
Now, the object of this Invention is to avoid, in great measure, the
loss of carbon in the form of smoke by a greater and continuous supply
of air into the interior of the burning mass, by which the caloric prin-
ciple of the gases is developed and utilized in a higher degree before their
escape from the furnace.
I will now proceed to describe the construction of the new bar by
the aid of the Drawing annexed, in which the same letters of reference
represent parts which are similar.
Figure 1, plan of the upper part of the bar in the form of an arch;
a, a, orifices in the length of the bar, which may be of any desired form
for the passage of air; they are parallel and alternate, and are wider at
bottom than at top; b, b, side openings for the supply of air formed by
the tenons or projections c, c; the sides of the bars are also inclined
inwards from the top towards the bottom part; c, c, tenons or projections
made in both sides of the bar for keeping them at a convenient distance
apart when set up.

page_text: Figure 2, plan of the bar seen underneath; d, inclined parts widening
from the bottom towards the top.
Figure 3, longitudinal section through C, D, of Figure 2; e, inclined
prolongation at each end of the arch for closing the alternate spaces.
Figure 4, side clevation of the bar shewing the permanent nerve g.
Figure 5, clevation of the end of the bar seen externally.
Figure 6, section through A, B; f; thickness of the arch; g, nerve or
prolongation in the middle of the arch forming the axis of the bar; h, h,
the lower parts of the two extremities of the arch; they may be curved
at their lower part so as to allow the bar to bear upon its own axis, and
permit of its being shaken sideways to remove the cinders, either by
means of a moving apparatus set in the hearth of the furnace by a rod
adapted to the nerve or prolongation g, of the bar, or any other con-
venient means. In lieu of a permanent nerve a moveable nerve inay
be employed.
Figure 7, shows a modification of Figure 6; i, a fixed prolongation or
support of a greater diameter than the nerve g, made in the arch, and
provided with a groove in order to receive a moveable nerve g', which is
set in it in such wise as to be easily withdrawn.
The nerve g', is set in the grooved part i; it may also form a support
similarly to i, Figure 7, as shewn in Figure 8.
Figure 8, shews another mode of placing the nerve. Instead of the
nerves g, and g', an ordinary grate bar may be employed.
Figure 9, shows the plan of an ordinary grate bar.
Figure 10, elevation of the two ends of the bar showing the grate
bar, Figure 9, applied.
Figure 11, section of a bar, hollow at both sides of the nerve.
Figure 12, elevation of the two extremities of the bar with a hollow
arch. The hollow arch may be made, if required, of a partly circular
form, as seen in Figures 6 and 7, so as to narrow the arch. The form
of an arch may in some cases be substituted by a partial circle according
to the height of the roof of the furnace. The arched form is preferable
for strength and durability. The nerve or prolongation when made
moveable may in some cases be dispensed with, which decreases the

page_text: weight of the bar. The bars are made of sheet or cast iron, and are
cast in one or more pieces according as the nerve or prolongation is to
be fixed or moveable. The parts are afterwards put together, and the
bar set up in the usual manner, and with the same facility as ordinary
bars. When the bars are constructed of slicet iron the arch is com-
posed of three separate longitudinal parts. This arrangement permits
me to increase or diminish the dimensions of each part of the bar, and
also the number of air holes, or to modify the form and dimensions of
the air holes according to circumstances. The dimensions of the bars
may be varied according to circumstances and the nature of the
application.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that
what I claim as the Invention, and intend to be protected by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,--
Firstly, the construction of bars of furnace and other similar grates
of an arched or partly circular form, provided with air holes for im-
proving the combustion of fuel, as herein-before described in reference
to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, and 12, of the Drawing.
Secondly, the applying a moveable or fixed nerve or support for the
construction of the said bar, as herein-before described and referred to
in Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10, of the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de
Fontaine Moreau, have hereto set my hand and seal, this
Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
HY GILBEE.
L' DE FONTAINE MOREAU. (L.S.)