Improvements in Fasteners for Umbrellas and for Articles of Attire such as Gloves, Boots, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept., 1897-Accepted., 20th Nov.,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fasteners for Umbrellas and for Articles of Attire
such as Gloves, Boots, and the like.
I CARL AUGUST PFENNING of Barmen-Rittershausen, Rhennish Prussia, in the
Empire of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
My said Invention relates to improvements in fasteners for umbrellas and for
gloves, boots and other articles of attire.
In such fastenings hitherto in use, the connection between the two meeting
parts has been effected either by pressing a capsule over a spring stud, or the
capsule itself has been provided with spring projections or with a spring flange
or the like adapted to engage with or embrace a rigid stud. In some cases also
one half of the fastening has been provided with a spring lever or wires adapted to
grip into recesses or grooves formed in the projecting part of the other half of
the fastening.
According to my invention my improved fastening differs from previous forms
of fasteners in that the connection of the two meeting parts is effected by means
of a stem provided with an enlarged head engaging with a catch plate having an
aperture or opening formed by radially projecting spring tongue pieces which
are bent to correspond to the form of the stem, and having rounded ends which
grip behind the enlarged head of the stem and tliere lie closely against the sides
of the latter.
This arrangement is very effective and fulfils all practical requirements.
And in order that my said invention may be more fully understood I will now
describe the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings in which
are shown various forms of my improved fastener to an enlarged scale.
In the said drawings.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of one half of the fastener.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the other half.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the stem of the first half.
Figs. 4 and 5 shows respectively in plan and sectional elevation on the line x--x
the part with the catch plate.
Fig. 6 shows in sectional view the two halves of the fastener engaging together.
Figs. 7 and 8 show modified forms of my improved fastener in their closed
positions.
Fig. 9 shows in elevation and plan one of the parts in Fig. 8.
Figs. 10 to 15 show other modified forms of my improved fastener.
The stem having a thickened or enlarged head is marked a whilst b is the
catch plate which is provided with radial spring tongue pieces c.
The stem a and the catch plate may be secured to their respective halves of
the fastener in various ways.
For instance the stem a may be economically formed hollow from sheet metal
(see Fig. 3) and be provided with a lip turned inwards whereby a connection
is effected with the cover plate f by means of points f¹ which puncture the

page_text: material of the article to which the fastener is secured and are bent under
the lip ¹.
The points f¹ are formed in a ring u inserted in the cover plate f. The cover
plate may if desired be formed with a central aperture as shown in Fig. 7, in
which case the materials may be covered with a celluloid or other plate let
into the cover plate f. A domed pad g of pasteboard, cork or the like is then
inserted, by means of which à corresponding curvature of the celluloid plate in
cover plate is obtained. The cover plate f may also be provided with claws f
as shown in Fig. 8 which serve to secure in position a brilliant h which rests on
the ring u formed with points or projections f¹ which is inserted in the cover
plate f.
The ring u is shown more clearly in elevation and plan in Fig. 9.
The catch plate bis also provided with points b¹ and to secure the catch plate b
in position these points 61 are bent round a correspondingly formed ring r on the
under side of the material s by which means the catch plate b is firmly secured
to the ring r.
If desired a cap k may be provided to close in the tongue piece c.
This cap may however be dispensed with as the material s¹ itself forms an
enclosed covering for the tongue pieces e as will be seen from an inspection of
Fig. 15.
In the modification shown in Figs. 10 and 11 the catch plate is formed as
the upper half of the fastener and forms the base of the cap m into which project
the tongue pieces c. The cap m is formed with a reduced extension m' which is
passed through an aperture in the plate in the interior of the cover plate i and
is then flattened out thus securing this fastener half to the material s.
The stem a used with this modification is formed solid (see Fig. 11) and is
secured to the material by a hollow pin t which is clinched over the counter-
plate g.
Figs. 12 to 14 show a method whereby a large cover plate of mother of.pearl,
horn, bone or the like may be used. Fig. 12 represents a sectional view of the
large cover plate. Into this is sprung a plate with points (Fig. 13) and the
connection with the stem and the materials is effected as already described.
Fig. 14 clearly shows the method of connection and the cover plate may be further
ornamented by the addition of the brilliant h.
The forms of fastener shown in Figs. 1, 6 and 15 with flat cover plate is also
well suited as fasteners for umbrella bands, as there are no projecting parts, thus
obviating accidental opening.
The radial tongue pieces being bent out of the plate b are particularly
resilient, and the enlargement of the head of the stem a being comparatively
small, the engagement of the latter with the tongue pieces c is easily effected,
thus subjecting the part of the body under the fastener to very slight pressure.
Notwithstanding this easy closing the fastener is thoroughly reliable as the tongue
pieces grip the enlarged head of the stem a and thus prevent the fastener
becoming accidentally disengaged by the straining of the material or other-
wise. The fastener however can be readily opened by drawing out the stem a
the points of the tongue pieces e being slightly rounded so as to offer but little
resistance to the head of the stem a when it is drawn out vertically.
An additional advantage lies in the fact that in their closed positions the two
halves sit closely together with an absence of free play between them in any
direction.
Thus any disagreeable or painful pressure of the edge of the fastening into
the flash of the wearer by a lateral inclination or displacement of the stem is
obviated.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The improved fastener for gloves, boots; umbrellas and the like consisting

page_text: of a pin or stem formed with an enlarged head on one half of the fastener, capable
of being pressed into a catch plate on the other half, the opening in the said
catch plate being formed by radial resilient tongue pieces bent to correspond
to the form of the stem and gripping behind the enlargement or head of the
same and lying closely against the sides, so as to effect an easy yet secure closing
with an absence of play between the parts substantially as described and
illustrated.
2. A fastener according to Claim 1 in which the stem a is formed from a
plate d having an inwardly bent lip by means of which the connection with
the cover plate f is effected, the points fl carried by the latter, piercing the
materials and being bent under the lip substantially as described and illus-
trated.
3. A fastener as claimed in Claim 1, the catch plate being formed at its edge
with points b' which being bent round a correspondingly formed ring r lying on
underside of the material s¹ form the connection between the material and this
half of the fastener substantially as described and illustrated.
4. A fastener as claimed in Claim in which the catch plate b is arranged in
a cap m in the upper half of the fastening, which cap is formed with a reduced
extension m' serving as a connection for this half of the fastener to the material s
by being passed through a plate / inserted in the cover plate i and flattened out
substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated thi 04
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