An Improved Process for Desiccating Blood and other Analogous Substances. PROCESS
Year: 1888

page_text: An Improved Process for Desiccating Blood and other Analogous
Substances.
I, WILLIAM BARNSDALE of Auckland in the Colony of New Zealand, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR
"and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
DESICCATING BLOOD AND OTHER ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES
My Invention relates to the preparation of blood and other analogous substances
for use as chemical manures and for other purposes. The object which I have in
view is to provide a process for desiccating blood animal matters or fish without the
use of chemicals and at the same time retain in the resultant dried matter a high
percentage of ammonia. The process by which this result is obtained consists in first
boiling the blood (in which term both here and hereafter is included the various
substances referred to until it becomes coagulated. The coagulated mass distended
with the fluid which its cells have absorbed during the operation of boiling then
undergoes a process of mastication by means of an apparatus hereinafter described.
The cells containing the fluid being broken up the mass in a reduced condition by
its own gravity passes to a pair of rollers by which the fluids are expressed. From
the rollers the solid matter falls forward into a receiving tank and it is taken in
shallow trays to a heated chamber for the final operation of desiccation.
In order that my Invention may be the better understood I will now proceed to
describe the apparatus for carrying it into effect by reference to the accompanying
Drawings in which :-
Fig. I, is a side elevation of the boiling and expressing apparatus.
Fig. II, a plan of the same.
Fig. III, an end sectional elevation of the desiccator and furnace.
Fig. IV, a side elevation of the desiccator partly in section.
Similar letters refer to similar parts in all figures.
A, (Figs. I and II) is a tank supported with other parts on a suitable framework.
A', steam coil. A³, doorway at base of A. B, B', B', sloping shoots connecting
different parts of the apparatus. C, drum or roller revolving in suitable bearings in
the main framework. "C', rows preferably three in number of projecting beaters

page_text: fixed to C. C, stationary comb or row of teeth or knives projecting from and fixed
to the base of the shoot B. C, pulley for driving the drum or roller C. D, D, pair
of rollers compressed together by any suitable means. D', driving pulley of rollers D.
E, receiving tank. F, (Fig. III) furnace or hot air generator. F¹, hot air shaft
leading from furnace F, to desiccator. G, (Figs. III and IV) hot air circulating
pipes H, exhaust pipe. H₁, inlets to same from desiccating chambers and provided
with suitable slides. L, desiccating chambers. K, movable trays preferably with
wirework bottoms resting on ledges provided in the chambers I. L, flat steam
coil arranged along the base of the desiccating chambers I. M, doors of the desiccator.
M', bar for securing the same.
The tank A, having been filled with blood its contents are boiled until they become
coagulated by means of the coil A', which is supplied with steam in the ordinary
way. The masticator C, and the rolls D, are then set in motion by the application of
power to their respective pulleys C³, and D¹. On the door A2, at the base of the
tank A, being opened the coagulated mass by its own gravity passes down the slide B,
to the masticator comb C². As the roller or drum C, revolves the beaters (1,
passing between the teeth or knives C, disintegrate the coagulated mass and break
up the cells which have become filled with fluid through the boiling operation.
From the masticator the mass passes down the shoot B, to the rollers D¹. By
them the fluids are expressed and removed the solid matters passing along the
shoot B³, to the receiving tank E.
The desiccator chamber I, is heated by the circulation of steam through the
coil L, entering as shown by the arrow and passing out by the stopcock on the
opposite side. It is also further heated by the circulation of hot air from
the furnace F, through the connecting pipe E¹, and the circulating pipes G¹ into the
chamber from which after passing between and over the trays the heated air escapes
through the inlets H', into the exhaust A, as shewn by the arrows. To assist the
circulation and draw off the vapors a suitable fan may be attached to the exhaust H.
The heat of the desiccating chamber I, can be regulated by the stopcock attached
to the steam coil L, and by the slides provided with the inlets H¹.
By keeping the desiccat at a suitable temperature and placing the solid matters
therein on the trays K, the remaining moisture can be evaporated without loss of the
ammonia. And when thoroughly desiccated the resultant material can be removed
for grinding to any required fineness.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. The process of desiccating blood animal matters and fish such process
consisting of first boiling the substances under treatment until coagulated then
masticating and after mastication of the resultant mass expressing the fluid by means
of rollers afterwards reducing the solid matters to dryness in a suitable desiccator
substantially as herein described.
Second. The apparatus for carrying the above process into effect as as a combina-
tion of the parts A, B, C, D, and the desiccator I, with their appliances substantially
as herein described.
Third. In the construction of the desiccat the combination of the circulating pipes G,
the exhaust H, the inlets H¹, and the chambers I, substantially as herein described
and for the purpose indicated.