Improvements in Anchors.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 6th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 18th Mar., 1893
Improvements in Anchors.
We, GEORGE CHARLES LENNOX LENOX, of Millwall in the County of
Middlesex, and DAVID MORRIS of Newbridge Works, Pontypridd, in the County
of Glamorgan, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to that class of anchor in which the head carrying the arms
or flukes is pivotted to the shank.
The head and arms of the anchor are made wedge shaped the edge or thinner
portion of the wedge running across the whole width of the front and the thicker
portion of the wedge forming the back or tipping piece so that the anchor tends to
enter the ground free from any check due to projecting parts.
This result is attained by making the head and arms of a casting or forging in the
form of two curved plates inclined to each other and attached together at the front
where they meet. This is not straight but projects at its two sides curving inwards
at the middle towards the back. The projecting sides form the arms or flukes
which are therefore approximately of the form of triangular pyramids with one edge
of each facing the other these two edges being the continuous curved junction of
the plates. Two of the faces of each pyramid are formed by the plates whilst their
bases and outer faces are open.
The extremities of the arms or flukes point outwards or away from each other
(the points projecting beyond the outside of the arms) instead of being parallel or
nearly so as heretofore.
The two curved plates are joined together at each side of their centre by
two transverse webs which receive the shank between them a slot being cut at the
middle of the plates to allow the shank to pass through. A pin passing through
the webs forms the pivot for the shank.
The shank is prolonged somewhat beyond the pivot and when it is at its extreme
angular position this prolongation bears against the inside of one of the plates whilst
the shank on the other side of the pivot bears against the end of the slot in the
other plate. Providing two abutments for the shank on opposite sides of the pivot
in this manner prevents any leverage coming on the pin. In order to ensure this
the hole or holes in which the pin works is or are made in the form of an elongated
slot. This slot or slots is or are formed in the shank or in the webs according as
the pin is fixed to the webs or the shank.
The separated edges of the two plates which form the tipping piece are furnished
with a hole or holes in each plate both for lightness and to give a better hold on the
ground.
This form of anchor may also be made with the head closed in or solid.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Anchors.
We, GEORGE CHARLES LENNOX LENOX of Millwall in the County of
Middlesex, and DAVID MORRIS, of Newbridge Works, Pontypridd in the County
of Glamorgan, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to that class of anchor in which the head carrying the arms_
or flukes is pivotted to the shank.
The head and arms of the anchor are made wedge shaped the edge or thinner
portion of the wedge running across the whole width of the front and the thicker
portion of the wedge forming the back or tipping piece so that the anchor tends to
enter the ground free from any check due to projecting parts.
This result is attained by making the head and arms of a casting or forging in
the form of two curved plates inclined to each other, diverging at the back but
meeting at the front and forming an edge. The edge so formed is not straight but
curves inwards at the middle towards the back. The arms or flukes are therefore
approximately of the form of triangular pyramids with one edge of each facing the
other these two edges being the continuous curved junction of the plates. Two of
the faces of each pyramid are formed by the plates whilst their bases and outer'
faces are open.
The extremities of the arms or flukes point outwards or away from each other
(the points projecting beyond the outside of the arms) instead of being parallel or
nearly so as heretofore.
The two curved plates are joined together at each side of their centre by two
transverse webs which receive the shank between them a slot being cut at the middle
of the plates to allow the shank to pass through. A pin passing through the webs
forms the pivot for the shank.
The shank is prolonged somewhat beyond the pivot and when it is at its extreme
angular position this prolongation bears against the inside of one of the plates whilst
the shank on the other side of the pivot bears against the end of the slot in the
other plate. Providing two abutments for the shank on opposite sides of the pivot
in this manner prevents any leverage coming on the pin. In order to ensure this
the hole or holes in which the pin works is or are enlarged or made in the form of
an elongated slot. This slot or slots is or are formed in the shank or in the webs
according as the pin is fixed to the webs or the shank.
The separated edges of the two plates which form the tipping piece are furnished
with a hole or holes in each plate both for lightness and to give a better hold on
the ground.
This form of anchor may also be made with the head closed in or solid.
The drawing annexed shews an anchor constructed according to our invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, Figure 2 a plan, Figure 3 a longitudinal section
and Figure 4 a back view of the anchor.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the head.
Figures 6 and 7 are sections on the lines A. B. and C. D. Figure 1 and
Figure 8 is a section on the line E. F. Figure 2.
A is the head with arms or flukes forming part of it. B the shank. C are ribs
connecting the two inclined plates forming the head where these plates diverge
from one another at the back. D is a pin connecting the shank B with the ribs C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. An anchor having its head made in the form of two plates inclined to one

page_text: another, diverging at the back but meeting at the front to form an edge and formed
with a central longitudinal slot in the front portion of the plates through which
the rear end of the shank is passed into the space at the back and is there
connected by a pivot to ribs which pass across from plate to plate substantially as
described.
2. An anchor having its head made in the form of two plates inclined to one
another, diverging at the back but meeting at the front to form an edge which
curves inwards at the middle towards the back (the edge being approximately
maintained by the bevilling off of the plates) and is also formed with a central
longitudinal slot in the front portion of the plates through which the rear end of
the shank passes into the space at the back and is there connected by a pivot to ribs
which pass across from plate to plate substantially as described.
3. An anchor having its head made in the form of two plates inclined to one
another, diverging at the back but meeting at the front to form an edge curved or
inclined inwards from both ends towards the back so that the arms or flukes thereby
formed point outwards away from each other substantially as described.
4. An anchor having the arms and head in one piece jointed to the shank and
having the arms extending outwards away from each other to their extremities, the
distance between the points being greater than across any other part of the head
substantially as described.
Dated this 6th day of February 1893.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents.