Improvements in and relating to Machines for Pulverizing and Drying Marl and other materials of similar consistency.
Year: 1893

page_text: ate of Application, 11th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 13th May, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Machines for Pulverizing and
Drying Marl and other materials of similar consistency.
1, CHARLES WESLEY DOUGHTY, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing at 722 Broad Street, in the City of Augusta, County of Richmond and
State of Georgia, one of the United States of America, Sanitary Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to an apparatus for simultaneously pulverizing and drying.
marl and other materials having substantially the same consistency; and the objects.
of my improvement are to produce an apparatus of simple construction to grind and
dry the material, and in which oxy-hydrocarbon is used as a fuel to dry the
material thoroughly, while it is pulverized.
I attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, in which is indicated the main portion of the apparatus constructed in
accordance with my invention.
In said drawings,
Figure 1 is a plan view of the lower story of the apparatus; Figure 2 is a front
elevation of the same;
Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section through the central drum and grinders,
of the apparatus.
Figure 4 is a transverse section through the apparatus.
Figure 5 is a plan view of a modified arrangement of the drum driving chain.
In said drawings, A represents a sheet metal drum or a series of them arranged
in a "bench" or row, each drum being supported at, or near each end, upon a pair
of small rollers, a mounted in suitable bearings b as usual. The supports for the
bearings of the rollers a are on a higher level at the front end of the drums than
at the rear end, to have said drums sufficiently inclined down toward the rear, to
cause the marl or other material dried and ground therein, to be automatically
directed toward the rear or discharge end of the drums, by simply rotating them.
To rotate the drums, one of them, preferably the central one, is connected by.
means of a drive-chain c placed around it and in engagement with a sprocket
wheel d mounted on said drum adjacent to its front end, with a sprocket wheel e
mounted upon a shaft carrying a belt-pulley E. Said pulley can be rotated by
means of a belt from a suitably located driving pulley. The central drum carries
also thereon a series of sprocket wheels upon which drive chains are placed
to transmit motion to the other drums by means of sprocket wheels mounted upon
the latter.
Each drum has mounted on its rear end a cylindrical screen A³ to separate the
finely pulverized marl capable of passing through its meshes from the coarser"
portion that is thus directed out through the tail end of the screens.
The marl or other material to be dried and ground is first carried up on top of
the second floor D of the building in which the apparatus is located, by means of
suitably operated carrying belts, or other well known means. From said floor the
material is gradually dumped or poured into funnels, F, placed in said floor. Each
funnel has in its lower end a spout f, the lower end of which is suitably bent or
inclined to enter the mouth or upper end of each drum. Said mouth is formed by
inwardly flanging the upper end of the drum or providing it with a centrally
perforated disk A³, to prevent the material from escaping at that end. To pulverize
the material received in the drums, each drum is provided with a series of weights
or grinders, G, that may be cylindrical, but are preferably slightly conical, or in
Dain 17

page_text: the form of truncated cones, to facilitate their climbing upon the material slowly
descending within the drum. The upper or smaller end of the grinders is closed by
a head g, but the lower end is left open to give thereto more freedom of motion.
The uppermost grinder is connected with the fore end of the drum by means of a
bar, extending diametrically across, and secured to the interior of the drum.
Through the centre of the bar h, there is a perforation to receive loosely therein the
headed end of a rod i, that passes loosely also through the centrally perforated
head g of the first grinder. A length of pipe or sleeve k is loosely mounted upon
the rod i, within the grinder, the forward end of said sleeve bearing against the
inner surface of the head g. A split-key j is inserted in a diametrical perforation
in the rear end of the rod . The successive grinders are each provided with a
central rod having a head at the upper end and a split-key at the lower end, and a
sleeve k thereon, but said rods are shorter than the first rod i. To connect each
grinder to the adjacent one, a stirrup m is used, the branches of which are perforated
to receive the rods i, one branch of said stirrup being placed on one of the rods i
under the head thereof, and the other branch receives the adjacent rod i at a point
between the split-key and the lower end of the sleeve k.
To obtain the desired amount of heat to evaporate the moisture in the marl while
being pulverized, the fuel is a mixture of hydro-carbon gas and air under pressure.
For this purpose a gas pipe L, is laid at a suitable distance under the series of
drums, and above it a pipe M, to contain air under pressure.
The gas pipe has branch pipes 1, connecting with the air pipe under each
drum, and each pipe is controlled by a valve 12. The mixture of air and gas
is conducted into a pipe M2, placed under each lengthwise thereof, and said
pipe M² has a series of burners m², to direct the flame thereof against the under-
side of each drum. The caloric of the flaine is nearly all absorbed by the sheet
metal of the drum and its contents, but a portion of the products of combustion
is carried up a flue N in the centre of the ceiling of the drum chamber P.
To prevent any waste of caloric in said products of combustion the flue N has
a damper n, and under said damper, a lateral flue N to direct said products
into the eye of the fan Q, and from said fan they are conducted by means of
a large pipe Q, alongside of the rear ends of the drums, and branch pipes q
issuing from the pipe Q direct said products within each drum in contact with
the grinders and with the material operated upon. The products of combustion
and the steam or damp vapours removed from the material escape at the front
end of each drum through pipes R, each having a conical funnel r at its lower
end, a short distance above the open mouth of the drums. The pipes R pass
through the ceiling of the lower room and of the room above it to the open air.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 5, motion is transmitted to the central
drum A by the chain c; and from said drum motion is transmitted to all the other
drums by means of an endless chain c2 in engagement with a sprocket wheel on
each drum; a roller followers bearing upon the chain between said drums to
increase its engagement with each sprocket wheel. In place of transmitting the
initial motion to the central drum, said motion may be given to any other of the
drums, and thence transmitted to the other by the drive chain c².
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is
1. The combination with a series of drums mounted on rollers at each end
thereof, each drum having a sprocket wheel mounted thereon, chains uniting said
drums together, a funnel and spout leading into the mouth of each drum, an
inverted funnel and pipe above said mouths, regulable heat producers under the
drum, and the walls and ceiling of a heating chamber enclosing said drums,
substantially as described.
2. The combination of a series of drums mounted upon rollers at each end
thereof, each drum having a sprocket wheel mounted thereon, driving chains uniting

page_text: said drums together, a funnel and spout leading into the mouth of each drum,
inverted funnels and pipes above said mouths, a regulable gas pipe and air pipe
having burners under the drums, the walls and ceiling of a heating chamber
enclosing said drums, a flue, N, in said ceiling, a fan, a pipe N³, leading from the
flue N into said fan, and a pipe Q' leading from said fan and having a branch pipe
entering the tail end of each drum, substantially as described.
3. The combination of a revoluble cylinder, a bar h, having its ends secured
within said cylinder and a perforation in the centre thereof, a headed rod i passing
through said perforation and having its head resting against the bar h and its
opposite end received in a revoluble grinder, a sleeve upon said rod, a stirrup having
one end mounted upon the rear end of the rod, and a series of grinders each having
a central rod and a sleeve thereon, substantially as described.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.