IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING PAPER, PASTEBOARD, OR OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventeenth day of April, in the fifteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Newton, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said William Edward Newton, my exors, admors, and
assigns, and such others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my exors,
admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark,
and Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
CUTTING PAPER, PASTEBOARD, OR OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES," being a communi-
cation from abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said William Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to
cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part

page_text: recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Edward Newton, do hereby declare that the nature of the said
Invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
:-
The first part of the Invention, which has been communicated to me by
my Foreign Correspondent, relates to an improved arrangement of machinery
for cutting paper for the use of bookbinders and others, and consists in so
combining and arranging a vibrating knife with a moveable platform and
clamp, that the paper can be firmly held and clamped on the platform, and
then the platform elevated to submit the papers to the action of the vibrating
knife. Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine for cutting paper; Fig. 2 is
a transverse vertical section thereof, taken in the line A, a, of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 is another transverse vertical section, taken in the line B, b, of the
same Figure, but looking in the opposite direction. In these Figures 1, 2,
and 3, a represents the main frame; and b, a horizontal knife, extending across
the frame, and properly fitted to slide in recesses in the upper part of the frame.
To reduce friction the knife runs against rollers c. The front face of the
knife is provided with two rollers d, d, which are acted upon by two face cams
e, e, on a horizontal shaft f, whereby the required reciprocating motion is
given to the knife, the said shaft being actuated by a winch or crank handle g,
or by any other suitable means. The platform on which the paper to be
cut is placed forms part of a vertical sliding frame i, adapted to slide in guides
in the main frame. This frame is provided with two racks j, j, the cogs of
which engage two cogged sectors k, k, on a horizontal shaft 1, on which
fixed a hand lever m, whereby the frame i and platform h can be elevated and
depressed when required. Below there is a set screw n, on which this frame
rests when let down, and by means of which the extent of downward motion
of the frame can be regulated to suit the thickness of the pile of paper to bo
cut at any one operation. The platform is provided with sides o, o, and a
back gauge piece p, which may be slidden along the platform so as to bear
.against the back edge of a pile of paper, and which when set can be secured
in place by a screw bolt passing through slots q in the sides o, o, and nuts on
the outsides. The paper after it has been put on the platform is firmly held
and clamped by a clamp bar r, which is attached at each end to vertical rods
s, s, that slide in the same guides as the frame of the platform, and these

page_text: rods s are provided with cogged racks t, t, which are engaged by the cogs of
two pinions on a horizontal shaft v, mounted in the sliding frame, and
provided with a circular plate w, with holes to receive a securing pin or bolt x
to fasten a hand lever y that turns on the said shaft v, as seen best in Fig. 3. -
The objeet of thus connecting the hand lever y with the shaft vis to admit of
setting the clamp to a given distance from the platform for various thicknesses
of piles of paper, so that the hand lever for each operation will be required to
move only to the extent required to clamp the paper. When the hand lever
is brought down to clamp the paper it is there held by a dog or catch z, Fig. 2,
which catches in the teeth of a sector rack d attached to the sliding frame.
In this way it will be seen that a pile of paper, say for a book or a number of
books, being placed on the platform h, with one edge against one of the sides,
and the back edge against the back rest p previously set to the required gauge,
the operator with one hand draws down the hand lever y, which draws down
the clamp bar r, and firmly clamps the paper on to the platform h, with the
front face of the clamp bar r on the same plane as the inner face of the knife
b; and as the attendant does this with one hand, with the other hand he
draws down the other hand lever m, which carries the paper on the platform h
up against the knife b, which is kept vibrating by any desired power until it
cuts entirely through the paper, the upward range of motion of the platform
being gauged to prevent the knife from cutting into the platform. The plat-
form h is then let down and the clamp released; the pile of paper may then be
turned round, and the same operation repeated as often as required on the
same pile, or another pile of paper may be introduced in its place. If the
platform be sufficiently wide, several piles of paper can be cut at one and the
same time.
What I claim as new in this machine, and desire to secure by Letters
Patent, is, the arrangement of the moveable platform and sliding clamp as
described, and also the employment of these parts in combination with the
vibrating knife, as described.
The second part of the Invention relates to machinery for cutting paste-
board, and consists in arranging a platform to receive the pasteboard or the
boards to be cut, and having a stationary shear or cutter, which is attached to
or in front of such platform, and combining therewith a carriage for feeding or
advancing the pasteboard, and a clanip for clamping it and holding it firm, a
moveable shear or cutter being also employed for shearing off the parts
intended to be cut away.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 of the accompanying Drawings represent various views
of a machine for cutting pasteboard. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the

page_text: machine; Fig. 5 is an end elevation; and Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the
same, taken in the line A, a, of Fig, 4. The permanent framing of the ma-
chine is shewn at 6', and the permanent bed or platform on which the paste-
board to be cut is placed is shewn at c', and to the forward end of this plat-
form is secured a permanent shear or cutter d¹. There are two racks e, e',
fitted to slide in appropriate ways on each side of the platform, and to the rear
ends of these two racks is fitted a bar f¹, provided with a spring or jointed
clamp or jaw g¹ for griping one edge of the sheet or sheets of pasteboard to be
b
cut. The cogs on the lower edge of the two racks 6 engage the cogs of two
cog wheels h¹, h¹, on a horizontal shaft . On the end of the shaft is fitted
a ratchet wheel, which turns freely thereon, but which may be clutched
thereto by a clutch k¹, Fig. 4, and this ratchet wheel is turned by an arm
that carries a hand lever in the usual manner; and to this arm is jointed a
connecting rod m', which carries at its lower end a pin that works in a slot n',
made in a bar or lever o¹, so that the point of attachment to the said lever o¹
can be shifted to any part of the said slot to vary the length of feed. The
lever o¹ moves forward towards the shears the carriage with the pasteboard;
this motion is effected by means of a cam p¹ on the end of a horizontal cam
shaft q', the lever o' and feeding hand being sufficiently heavy to rest on the
cam p', and move down when permitted by the cam. In this way it will be
seen that at every revolution of the cam shaft q¹ the carriage is moved forward
to feed the pasteboard to a distance, depending on the point of connection of
the connecting rod m¹ with the lever o¹. Near the forward end of the plat-
form and above it there is a clamp bar r¹, the ends of which slide in appro-
priate guides in the frame; and to this bar are attached two rods s¹, s³, one
near each end, and around the lower ends of which are coiled strong helical
springs t¹, t¹, the upper ends of which bear against the under side of the cross
piece u, so that their tension shall draw the clamp bar down and hold the
pasteboard firmly on to the platform; and just under these rods there are two
cams v³, v³, on the cam shaft q', so formed that just before the feed cam begins
to give the feeding motion the clamp bar is lifted and held up until the
feed motion is completed. The moveable shear w³ has its cutting edge inclined
to the line of the cutting edge of the permanent shear. It is secured to a gate
or frame at, which slides in guides in the permanent frame, and this frame is
provided with two rods y', y', surrounded by strong helical springs r¹, 1, the
lower ends of which bear against the upper side of the cross piece u³, so that
their tension tends constantly to keep the gate of the shear up. The lower
ends of the rods y' are looped or forked to work over the cam shaft 9', and at
their lower ends they are bent as at a², a², to be acted upon by two cams b³, 1³,

page_text: on the cam shaft 91, the said cams being so formed and placed that, after the
pasteboard has been pushed forward by the feeding motion and clamped on to
the platform, the moveable shear w¹ is brought down to make the cut, and
then permitted to rise by the tension of the springs preparatory to another
operation. The cam shaft carries at one end a cog wheel c², which engages
the cogs of a pinion on the driving shaft e, that receives motion from some
first mover.
What I claim as new in the second part of the Invention is, the arrange-
ment of the platform or table and the carriage or feeding motion as described,
with the moveable clamp for clamping the pasteboard on to the platform, and
the combination of the stationary and the moveable shear for the purpose and
in the manner described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two
W. E. (L.S.) NEWTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord 1852, the aforesaid William Edward Newton came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifica-
tion aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
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