IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC TUBING AND LEAF, THE FORMER OF WHICH IS ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE FOR MAKING METALLIC CARTRIDGE CASES AND THE LIKE
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the.
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC TUBING
AND LEAF, THE FORMER OF WHICH IS ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE FOR MAKING
METALLIC CARTRIDGE CASES AND THE LIKE."-A communication from
abroad by Stephen Wells Wood, of Cornwall, New York, United
States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine] at.
•
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, and
Declaration, on the 30th October 1873, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton
Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.

page_text: ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE FOR MAKING METALLIC CARTRIDGE CASES AND THE LIKE,
"
and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same,
and have made solemn Declaration that it has been communicated to
me from abroad by Stephen Wells Wood, of Cornwall, New York,
United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Haseltine, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings forming
a part of this Specification :-
The first part of the said Invention relates to a new method of manu-
facturing metallic tubing by electro-deposition of the metal or metals
composing the same upon the exterior or interior of a suitable form or
pattern, and then separating it therefrom.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 represents a portion of a
mandril A upon which to form a metallic tube by electro-deposition.
This mandril or form may be made of metal or other electro-conducting
material, or of a non-conducting material, and covered with plumbago
or other electro-conducting substance.
The surface of the mandrel should be sufficiently smooth and even
to enable the tube when deposited thercon to be readily removed. If
difficulty is experienced in removing the deposited metal it is obviated
by rolling under pressure, whereby the. deposited tube is enlarged to
permit of its removal.
The mandrel or form, properly prepared, is immersed in an electro-
depositing bath, and allowed to remain there until the proper, thickness
of the wall of the tube is obtained, as indicated in Figure 2.
When it is desired to line the tube with a metal different from that
of which the principal thickness is made the mandrel or form is first
immersed in a bath of such lining metal, and a sufficient thickness of
the lining metal deposited, as indicated at a in Figure 3. Then the
mandrel or form is immersed in a bath of the principal: metal, as.
represented at in the same Figure.
Also an outer covering of superior metal may be deposited over the
principal, as indicated at c,. Figure 11. Tubing of great perfection is.

page_text: made by this process at a cost a little above that of the crude metal of
which it is composed.
A special application of this process of making tubing is adapted for
the manufacture of metallic cartridge cases of superior quality. In
this adaptation I form a closed end of the case at the time the tubular
part or body is made. The electro-deposition of the metal upon or in
a form or mould of the required size and shape gives at once the
desired form of the finished cartridge case, or so nearly finished that
but slight manipulation is required to complete it,
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The form or mould may be, as represented in Figures 5 and 6,
prepared for depositing the metal on the exterior surface, which has
the form and size required for the interior of the cartridge case; and
which is subsequently to be headed and tapered or necked if necessary.
If made of metal it is shaped and smoothly finished, and then immersed :
in a bath of nickel or other suitable material to receive a covering of
the required thickness, and then removed and polished to form, a
suitable surface upon which to deposit the metal for the cartridge case.
This plated mandrel is then immersed in the bath of metal or metals
of which the case is to be made and allowed to remain there until the
deposit is of the required thickness, completing the case.
The case may be formed of the required length and diameter by the
deposition of the metal, or it may first be made somewhat longer and
then cut off to the exact length, and subsequently reduced in diameter
by compression, and tapered and necked if necessary; and, lastly,
headed and shaped to receive the various percussions for exploding the
charge of powder. If formed as in Figure 6 an indentation and anvil to
receive and upon which to explode the percussion cap, and also à flange
or rim by which the case may be withdrawn from the chamber of the
gun may be formed on the closed end afterward, or the flange is
deposited thereon in the bath, as shewn in the said Figure. Or the case
may be deposited on the interior surface of a form or mould A, Figure 7,
which has the exact diameter and shape to be given to the case; the
metal of the bath is deposited on the interior surface thereof to the
required thickness; it is then removed from the mould and requires no
further finishing.
:
The interior surface of the mould is prepared in the manner above
described by covering it in any manner with a coating of suitable
& the metal donosited

page_text: If the case is tapered or has a head the mould is formed of two or
more pieces, and joined together to allow of the removal of the case.
therefrom. Percussion caps and primers are made in the same manner.
In order to reinforce the base of the case to increase the strength a
head B of hard metal, Figure 8, is provided, which is placed upon the
end of the mandrel A, Figure 9, thereby forming the contour or shape
which the cartridge is to have, see Figure 10. The mandrel A with its
reinforce B is then immersed in an electro-galvanic bath, and the metal C
of which the case is to be formed is deposited thereon, covering the
reinforce B and extending upon the surface of the mandrel A a sufficient
distance to form the body thereof of the required length, as shown in
Figure 10. Thus when the wliole shall have been removal from the
mandrel A the reinforce B and deposited body C are united as one
metal, and produce a case for a cartridge reinforced with a hard metal ..
base B previously prepared, and having a body of metal comparatively
soft.
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The re-inforcé B may extend the entire length of the body of the case,
if preferred, as represented in Figure 11.
When the base only of the case is to be re-inforced as in Figure 10,
and the body C formed entirely by the deposition of metal to prevent
oxidization of this reinforce B, a thin coating c of nickel or other
suitable metal may be given as represented in Figure 8, which when
the case is completed presents to the powder and fulminate a surface
that will not oxidize, and hence impair the charge of powder; the coating
c may be of tin if preferred.
;
To produce a case for a cartridge by electro-deposition having a nickel
interior, a thin coating of nickel is first deposited upon the surface of the
mandrel A, then the mandrel with its nickel covering is removed from
the nickel bath and immersed in a bath of copper or other metal,
forming the body of nickel and copper or nickel and other metal. Or if 3
desired nickel may first be deposited upon the mandrel A, then copper or
other metal upon the nickel, and an exterior of nickel, thus producing
a case for a cartridge consisting of an interior and exterior of nickel,
and a middle of copper or other suitable metal, as shewn in Figure 11.
The reinforce B may be made of. malleable iron and extend the entire 3
length of the body of the case if desired; it may then be swaged and
shaped without cracking or otherwise. impairing its tensile strength.

page_text: Figures 12, 13, 14, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18, represent various forms of
cartridge cases made by depositing metal over a body of paper or other:
suitable fibrous material previously moulded, swaged, or folded into
shape, and serving as the form for the deposit of the metal by eléctricity.
5 This is a very cheap method of constructing cartridges..
To deposit metal upon these cartridge cases of paper or other fibrous
material, a coating of plumbago or other suitable metallic substance is
given to them upon which to commence the deposit of the metal thereon
as a covering. Or the plumbago may be intermingled with the pulp or
> fibrous material before the case is made, this method would answer the
same purpose as covering the exterior only.
The second part of the said Invention consists in forming gold, silver,
and other leaf by electro-deposition of the same upon a form. Thus in
Figure 19, a tubular deposit of the metal is represented as having been
formed upon a mandrel prepared as herein-before described, then the
tube of deposited metal is cut open at one side and spread out, thus
forming a leaf as shown in Figure 20. Or the leaf may be at once
deposited on a plane surface.
Gutta percha is found to be peculiarly adapted for making the forms
for cartridge cases, as it may be readily moulded into the necessary
shape, and produces a mandrel of the required stiffness, and at once
smooth on the surface, from which the deposited case is readily removed.
About four parts of gutta percha and one part of linseed oil are found
to produce an excellent compound for moulds or patterns upon which to
deposit the metal cases.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. The herein described process of making metallic tubes by
electro-depositon of the metal or metals of which they are composed.
Second. The herein described process of making metallic cartridge
cases or the like, by the electro-deposition of the metal or metals of
which they are composed.
Third. The process of making a reinforced cartridge case by first
casting or forming a hard metal reinforce, and the subsequent electro-

page_text: deposition thereon of the metal or metals composing the body or part of
the body of the same.
Fourth. A metallic cartridge case reinforced with a hard metal base,
upon which the remainder of the metal or metals composing the same
is laid by electro-deposition.
Fifth. A cartridge case composed of a body of paper or other fibrous
material, and a surface of metal laid thereon by electro-deposition.
Sixth. A cartridge case composed of a body of paper or other fibrous
material, and a hard metal base or reinforce, both covered wholly or
partially by metal laid on by electro-deposition.
Seventh. The herein described process of making metallic leaf by the
electro-deposition of the metal or metals composing the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
W. ROB. LAKE.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)