Improvements in Covered or Jacketed Vessels, and the Method of Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 11th Dec., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Covered or Jacketed Vessels, and the Method of
Manufacturing the same.
1, UZAL HULL, of East Stroudsburgh, in the county of Monroe, State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention has relation to the exterior protection of vessels, and especially
of shouldered and necked vessels of glass earthenware, or metal; and it consists
in the process of shrinking upon the body of the vessel, a wet tube of fibrous
paper or other suitable pulp and further in forming such tube with an end
extension or extensions to conform closely to the shoulder and neck, or shoulder
and neck and bottom of said vessel, drying the same thereon in seamless
homogeneous form, and rendering the same waterproof, all as hereinafter set
forth. The invention also consists in the novel article produced by such process.
Figure of the accompanying drawing is a side elevation of a vessel provided
with a covering after the manner of this invention, the covering being shown in
section;
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation illustrating one step in the practice of the
invention;
Figure 3 is a similar view illustrating a second step; and
Figure 4 is a side elevation showing the completed article.
In these drawings the letter A designates a vessel having a cylindrical body
portion B, shoulder C, and neck D.
E represents a seamless tube of fibrous paper pulp, such as is made from jute,
linen, wood pulp, or manilla stock, said tube being wet or moist and of just
sufficient size to be slipped readily upon the body portion B of the vessel. This
moist pulp tube shrinks as it dries upon the body of the vessel, and its interior
becomes smooth and closely adherent to the surface of the vessel, because of such
shrinkage. An extension F surrounding the shoulder and neck of the vessel is
provided, and the tube should also have, when the bottom of the vessel is to be
covered, an extension G, projecting around the bottom thereof.
In order to cover the shoulder and neck of the vessel properly, said vessel, with
its tubular paper covering, is placed on end in a bath of water (see Figure 2) of
sufficient depth to immerse its neck and shoulder portions and the tubular
extension surrounding the same. In this bath it remains until said extension F
becomes soft and pulp-like, when it is removed, and the extension is then
worked up closely around and upon the shoulder and neck of the vessel by hand,
or with other suitable molding devices, without destroying the fibrous connection,
so that it conforms closely to such shoulder and neck, covering the same with a
homogeneous protection of paper having a strong flexible texture, which as t
dries shrinks closely to the parts of the vessel. If desired, a compressor of
suitable form may be used to surround the shoulder and neck of the vessel after
the covering has been molded upon and around the same, in order to express
the water from the paper and thereby facilitate the drying of the covering. This

page_text: process prevents the separation or breakage in drying which is liable to occar
when the fibrous connection is not maintained.
When the bottom of the vessel is to be covered, the other extension (G) of the
covering tube is utilized, and after being softened by immersion in a bath of
water (See Figure 3) is worked up closely over and upon the bottom of the vessel
to conform thereto.
After the covering has dried in place upon the vessel, it is covered with
waterproof material, or is otherwise treated to give it an impervious coating which
is designed to prevent the covering from being softened and breaking down in
consequence of any dripping thereon of the contents of the vessel, or from
exposure to weather; and also to prevent the escape therefrom of any of the
contents of the vessel should the latter happen to be broken by accident.
In the manufacture of the pulp sheets from which the covering tubes are
formed, the operation is such as to cause largely a longitudinal disposition of
the fibres therein, and the pressure employed is such as to fix this disposition of
the fibres. In the tubes, these fibres are circumferentially disposed, and there
is consequently much less shrinkage in this direction than there is in a vertical
direction, or across the fibres. If the tube did not extend inwardly over the
bottom and the neck and shoulder portions of the vessel in the finished jacket,
this shrinkage would be an objectionable feature, inasmuch as the finished
jacket would, from such shrinkage, become shorter than the body of the vessel
and thereby leave the upper and lower portions thereof exposed. In the present
invention, however, this shrinkage is utilized in an important way, vi;-By
molding the end extensions of the tube over the bottom and the shoulder and
neck portions of the vessel, the vertical shrinkage is confined largely between the
bottom edge and the shoulder, and a tension is created which causes the jacket 10
draw tightly and solidly to the surface of the vessel, there being sufficient
shrinkage also in a circumferential direction to properly assist in this result.
would state that, if desired, the bottom extension G of the tube may not be long
enough to cover the extire bottom of the vessel, but only an annular portion
thereof, leaving a central portion uncovered to permit an inspection of the
vessel (if of glass) to ascertain if the same is clean. The extension at the upper
end of the tube is preferably somewhat less than the distance from the shoulder
to the top of the neck (See Figure 2) in order to avoid a too great thickness of
the jacket around the neck when the tube is molded in around the same.
extension, being in a moist and plastic condition, can be readily manipulated and
drawn out to make up for this deficiency in length. The increase in the
thickness of the jacket resulting from the contraction of the tube around the
reduced neck and shoulder portions of the vessel is, however, in general, an
important feature of the process, since thereby the most exposed portions of the
vessel are provided with a reinforced or thickened protection.
1
Such
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
;-
'
1. The process of covering necked and shouldered vessels with a seamless
homogeneous covering, which consists in shrinking upon the body of the vessel,
a wet pulp tube having an extension E around the neck and shoulder portions
of the vessel, then softening said extension and manipulating the same to cause
it to conform closely to the neck and shoulder portions of the vessel and thereby
provide said portions with a reinforced or thickened covering or jacket, expressing
the water contained therein by compression, and finally waterproofing the surface
of the covering thus formed, substantially as described.
2. The process of covering necked and shouldered vessels with seamless
homogeneous covering of paper or paper board, which consists in providing an
elongated wel tube of pulp, shrinking the same upon the body of the vessel so
that end extensions thereof will project from each end of said body portion,

page_text: softening said extensions to pulp-like condition and manipulating the same to
conform closely to the neck and shoulder and to the bottom portions of said
vessel, and finally drying the same, whereby said covering being held at the
shoulder and bottom by the molded extensions, shrinks in a vertical direction
and becomes closely fitted to the surface of the vessel, substantially as described.
3. The process of covering necked and shoulders vessels with a seamless
homogeneous covering of paper or the like, which consists in providing an
elengated wet tube of pulp, shrinking the same upon the body of the vessel so
that end extensions and G thereof will project beyond said body portion,
softening said extensions to pulp-like condition by water, and manipulating or
molding the same to conform closely to the neck and shoulder and to the bottom
of the vessel, drying the same, and finally waterproofing the covering or jacket
so formed, substantially as specified.
4. The herein described vessel having a jacket or covering shrunk thereon.
and formed a seamless homogeneous tube of pulp, one end portion of said
tube being molded around the neck and shoulder portions of the vessel to provide
a covering of greater thickness at such portions, and the opposite end portions
being molded under and upon the bottom of the vessel, substantially as specified.
6. The method of covering a shouldered vessel which consists in surrounding
the same with a wet elongated jacket of fibrous material, having its fibres
extending circumferentially thereof, shaping the end portions of said jacket
to fit closely the shoulder and bottom portions of the vessel, and drying the
same, whereby the jacket being held at shoulder and base- shrinks cross-wise of
the fibres, and thereby becomes closely fitted to the surface of the vessel,
substantially as specified.
2 L
1011
JENSEN & SON
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C. Patent Agents.