Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Navigable Vessels.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 11th June, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 28th May, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Navigable Vessels.
We, THOMAS HENRY WATSON, 10, Neville Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the
County of Northumberland, Naval Architect, and HENRY CROMPTON ASULIN and
JAMES DAGLISII, both of 14, Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Consulting Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
"
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This invention relates more particularly to improvements in the construction of
"well-decked 23 and "
partial awning-decked" ships, where the weather deck or
decks of the well or wells connect to the "
upper-weather deck, or poop or
"bridge" or "partial awning-deck" to do away with the break in the decks by
forming a continuous weather deck thereby making a much stronger form of
deck and consequently increasing the strength of the ship and making her more
sea worthy in bad weather. This form of deck may also be applied to the deck
or decks of any ordinary type of navigable vessels.
A further object of this invention is to form in various types of vessels
trunks" at the sides of the ship, above the main or weather-deck, by carrying
up the sides of the ship, and by making the said "trunks
" a water-tight structure,
and part of the structure of the ship to obtain greater structural strength. The
extra space so formed can be utilized as cargo, cattle or passenger space and as
space for the required "spare buoyancy." In carrying out the first part of the
invention instead of forming the well in the usual manner by making a break
in the weather deck, the latter is carried down in a curve at either the fore or aft
ends. The weather deck may be carried down with a curve extending
(1) from the top of the poop to the "stem" below the raised forecastle, or
(2) from the top of the bridge to the "
"
steni below the raised forecastle, or
(3) from the top of the forecastle to the stern below the raised poop, or
(4) from the top of the bridge to the stern below the raised poop, or the curve
may commence to fall at any point between the poop and the forward end of the
ship or the forecastle and the after end of the ship.
"
"
The poop, bridge or forecastle or any one of them, may be above or below this
weather deck and the depth of the fall of the curve may be varied as required.
The decks below may also be made to follow the same curve if necessary so keep-
ing an equal depth between the decks, when between decks are fitted.
In carrying out the second part of this invention side-trunks are fitted
above the main or weather deck, the outer sides of which are formed by continuing
up the sides of the ship itself. The “trunks" have independent vertical or slop-
ing inner casings or sides and are decked above and provided with hatches or
not as required. These "trunks" may be formed continuous or in sections
dependent or independent of each other and be made on the top side to the ordinary
steer straight or carried down in a curve at either end, and they may be carried

page_text: from stem to stern or from any one point to any other point between the extreme
ends of the vessel.
They may be open to the hold or holds or bunkers for the full width and
length, or only partly so.
If desired these "side-trunks" may be fitted independently of the sides of the
vessel, and may be constructed in vessels with decks curved as described in the
first portion of this specification, or in any ordinary type of navigable vessel.
Dated this 11th day of June 1897.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to the Construction of Navigable Vessels.
We, THOMAS HENRY WATSON, of 10, Neville Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the
County of Northumberland, Naval Architect, HENRY CROMPTON ASHLIN, of
14, Water Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, and
JAMES DAGLISH, of Rosehill, Willington on Tyne, in the County of Northumber-
land, formerly of 14, Water Street, Liverpool, Consulting Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
"
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This invention relates more particularly to improvements in the construction
of well-decked" and partial awning-decked" ships. In such ships when
constructed according to this invention the weather-deck or decks of the well or
wells connect to the " upper weather deck," or poop or "bridge" or partial
awning-deck" to do away with the break in the decks by forming a continuous
weather deck thereby making a much stronger form of deck and consequently
increasing the strength of the ship and making her more sea-worthy in bad
weather. This form of deck may also be applied to the deck or decks of any
ordinary type of navigable vessels.
A further object of this invention is to form in various types of vessels,
"trunks" preferably at the sides of the ship; these trunks are upon or above the
weather-deck and can be formed by carrying up the sides of the ship, making
the said trunks water-tight and part of the structure of the vessel, which obtains
an increase of structural strength and reserve buoyancy by the use at or above the
weather-deck of trunks of the kind described. The interior of the trunks can be
utilized as additional cargo, cattle or passenger space.
In carrying out the first part of the invention instead of forming the well in
the usual manner, by making the customary break in the upper weather-deck,
the latter is made to partially fill the well, being carried down in a curve or slope
to or towards either the forward or after ends, in the manner hereinafter exempli-
fied; the usual "round up or camber can be given to the curved or sloped
deck. The upper weather-deck may for instance be carried down with a curve
extending
(1) from the upper part of the poop towards the "stem" below the raised
forecastle or to the forecastle front, or
(2) from the upper part of the bridge towards the "stem" below the raised
forecastle or to the forecastle front, or
(3) from the upper part of the forecastle towards the stern below the raised
poop, or
(4) from the upper part of the bridge towards the stern below the raised poop

page_text: or the curve or slope may commence to fall or may be provided at any point
between the poop and the forward end of the ship or the forecastle and the after
end of the ship.
The poop, bridge or forecastle or any one of them may be above or below this
weather deck and the depth of the fall of the curve or slope may be varied as
required. The decks below may also be made to follow the same curve or slope
if necessary so keeping an equal depth between the decks when "between decks"
are fitted.
In carrying out the second part of this invention "side trunks are fitted on
or above the main weather-deck, the outer sides of which are
preferably formed
by continuing up the sides of the ship itself. The "trunks have vertical or
sloping inner casings or sides and are decked above and provided with hatches
or not as required. These "trunks" may be formed continuous or in sections
dependent on or independent of each other and be made on the top side to the
ordinary sheer, or made straight, or carried down in a curve at either end, and
they may be carried from stem to stern or from any one point to any other point
between the extreme ends of the vessel.
They may be open to the hold or holds or bunkers for the full width and length
or only partly so. As an alternative closed trunks are used according to this
invention as water-ballast tanks, these being placed on or above the weather deck
or extended upward through that deck from beneath it, either at the sides of the
ship or nearer to the midship lines so that water-ballast can be carried above the
level of the weather-deck when desired.
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If desired these trunks may be fitted independently of the sides of the
vessel, and may be constructed in vessels with decks curved as described in the
first portion of this specification, or in any ordinary type of navigable vessel.
In the accompanying drawings which represent several constructions accord-
ing to this invention,
Figures 1, 3, 5, and 8 are longitudinal vertical sections through the upper part
of a vessel provided with an improved weather deck;
Figures 10, 13, 15, 17, 20, 21, 23, 25, 27 and 29 are similar views showing the
improved side trunks;
Figures 2, 4, 6, and 9 are partial plans of the constructions shown in
Figures 1, 3, 5 and
respectively,
Figures 11, 14, 16, 18, 22, 24, 26, 28, and 30 are similar views of the construc-
tions shown in Figures 10, 13, 15, 17, 21, 23, 25, 27, and 29 respectively,
Figures 7, 12, and 19 are transverse vertical sections on the lines 7-7, 12-12,
and 19-19 of Figures 5, and 6, 10 and 11, and 17 and 18 respectively, and
Figures 31, to 36 show alternative sections of side trunks.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
The level of the old decks, the bulk heads, etc. are shown throughout the draw-
ings, by chain lines.
A is the improved weather-deck, 13 the poop, C the bridge, D the forecastle,
E are the hatches and the side trunks.
With reference first to Figures 1 and 2 the weather deck A in this construction
is curved from the forecastle I) to the poop B.
In Figures 3 and 4 the level of the weather-deck A follows the ordinary sheer
from the forecastle D to the after end of the bridge C. From that point the
weather deck A curves, extending in this case right to the stern of the vessel,
although it might stop at the poop front B as in the form illustrated in Figures 1
and 2.
In Figures 5, 6, and 7 the weather deck A curves from the poop B to the stem
of the vessel, and the 'tween deck G2 is correspondingly curved.
In Figures 8 and 9 the curvature or slope does not commence until the forward
end or thereabouts of the bridge C is reached, and the weather-deck A extends
only to the forecastle D. Here again it may extend as in the construction
illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 to the stem.

page_text: Figures 10, 11, and 12 illustrate side trunks or chambers F which are curveu
or sloped downward from amidships to the poop B and the forecastle D.
The trunks herein described may have their outer side formed integral with the
ship's side or may be independent thereof. They may be closed at the bottom or
may be open at the bottom so as to form an extension of the hold space.
In Figures 13 and 14 the curved or sloped side trunks F are shown as extending
from the bridge C or thereabouts to the forecastle D.
5
Figures 15 and 16 illustrate similar curved side trunks F extending from the
bridge C or thereabouts to the poop B. In this case however the curve does not
come down to the level of the main deck, but is raised at the poop above the 1
weather or ordinary deck as at B₁ although it might if desired extend down to the
ordinary main deck level at the forward end of the poop or might pass beneath
the poop to the stern-post.
In the construction illustrated in Figs. 17, 18, & 19 the curved side trunks F
extend down from the forecastle 1) to the bridge C and down from the bridge C
to the poop B.
In Figure 20 curved side-trunks F similar to those illustrated in Figures 17
and 18 are shown, but their highest part stops short just below the level of the
bridge deck C and forecastle D as at C and D¹.
Figures 21 and 22 show side trunks extending from the poop B to the fore-
castle D; there may be gaps F1 in the trunks as indicated by dotted lines.
Figures 23 and 24 show side-trunks F curved at their after ends and extending
down from the forecastle D to the poop B.
Figures 25 and 26 show side-trunks F extending from the forecastle D right
aft to the stern, with a wheel house in between the after ends of both trunks which
are not connected therewith.
In Figures 27 and 28 side trunks F are shown curved at their forward ends and
extending from the poop B down to the forecastle D.
In Figures 29 and 30 doubly-curved or bowed side trunks F are shown extend-
ing between the poop B and the bridge C and also between the bridge C and the
forecastle D.
In Figure 31, which, like the succeeding views, is a section through the gun-
wale or topsides of a vessel, the inboard angle existing at the top of the trunks
herein before referred to is converted into a curve.
In Figure 32, a similar view, the outboard angle is similarly modified.
In Figure 33 the side trunk is of semi-cylindrical form in transverse section.
In Figure 34 the inboard side of the trunk is made so as to slant inward, the
lower portion merging in a curve into the weather-deck.
In Figure 35 the top of the trunk slopes down from outboard inward, and
In Figure 36 the top of the trunk is made concave.
It is to be understood that the trunks or ordinary deck-houses or other super-
structures can be placed on a curved or slanting deck of the kind hereinbefore
described, and that they may have a curvature or slope which is approximately
the same as that of the deck on which they stand, or they may have straight tops
whilst the deck is curved or sloped fore and aft, or any other desired variation
may be adopted. The trunks may be longitudinally or transversely curved o
corrugated or similarly formed, for instance they may be made of material of
trough section such as is used in bridge work. One example of longitudina
corrugation in a trunk is indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 36. An example
of a trunk top transversely corrugated is shown in the perspective portion o
Figure 34.
It is to be understood that the trunks with longitudinally curved or sloped top
according to this invention, although preferably placed at the sides of the ship
may, if desired, be placed nearer the mid-ship line or in that line.
The skin plating in vessels provided with curved or sloped decks or with trunk
of the kind hereinbefore described may be carried up to the outboard upper angl
of the deck or trunk, or may be carried above it to form a bulwark, the top o

page_text: upper edge of which may follow the shape of the trunk or deck like the bulwark G
in Figure 5 or Figure 29 or be given the ordinary sheer like the bulwark G¹ in
Figure 8 or Figure 13.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a well-decked or partial awning-decked navigable vessel a weather deck
which wholly or partially curves or slopes longitudinally downward to one extreme
only from the level of the forecastle deck bridge deck or poop deck.
2. In a navigable vessel the combination of a weather deck which wholly or
partially curves or slopes longitudinally downward to one extreme only and side
trunks such as F substantially as described.
3. In a navigable vessel the combination with side trunks or chambers such
as F each having its top longitudinally curved or sloped, of skin plating the top
or upper edge of which is similarly shaped.
4. In a navigable vessel the combination of a weather deck which wholly or
partially curves or slopes longitudinally downward to one extreme only and a deck
below it similarly curved or sloped substantially as described.
5. In a navigable vessel side trunks or chambers such as F each having its top
longitudinally curved or sloped substantially as described.
6. In a navigable vessel a side trunk above the upper or weather deck with its
interior wholly or partially open to the space below that deck.
7. In a navigable vessel a water-ballast trunk on above or extended above the
weather deck, substantially as described.
8. In a navigable vessel a trunk with a top which is longitudinally or trans-
versely curved or corrugated substantially as described or illustrated in Figure 31,
or Figure 32, or Figure 33, or Figure 34, or Figure 35 or Figure 36 of the accom-
panying drawings.
9. A navigable vessel with a weather deck longitudinally curved or sloped sub-
stantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 or
Figures 3 and 4 or Figures 5, 6 and 7 or Figures and 9 of the accompanying
drawings.
10. A navigable vessel with side trunks substantially as and for the purpose
described and illustrated in Figures 10, 11 and 12, or Figures 13 and 14 or
Figures 15 and 16 or Figures 17, 18 and 19 or Figure 20 or Figures 21 and 22
or Figures 23 and 24 or Figures 25 and 26 or Figures 27 and 28 or Figures 29
and 30 of the accompanying drawings.
11. In a navigable vessel the side trunk substantially as described and illustrated
in Figure 31 or Figure 32, or Figure 33 or Figure 34 or Figure 35 or Figure 36
of the accompanying drawings.
Dotad this 11th dox of March 1808
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.