Improvements in or appertaining to Apparatus for Sizing Yarn.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 1894-Accepted, 14th July, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or appertaining to Apparatus for Sizing Yarn.
I, JOHANN MAAg of Winterthur in the Republic of Switzerland, Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
In the warp sizing machine forming the object of this invention, the size is
applied direct in the cold condition so that the sizing process becomes cheaper
seeing that the size need not be boiled but has simply to be produced by means of
a stirring apparatus. When the size is applied according to this invention, that is
to say in a cold condition, the threads are subject to a preliminary treatment in
that previous to their passage through the size box they are subjected to a moist
current of air whereby they become more open, and more susceptible to the
reception of the cold size.
The accompanying drawing shows a form of machine embodying this invention,
and which is suitable for the treatment of worsted and woollen yarns, Fig. 1 being
a vertical section, the chief parts being shown in general outline and Fig. 2 is a
plan view.
The threads taken from the warp rollers a, and guided by the roller b, pass to a
receptacle where they are made to follow a circuitous course by means of one or
more rollers d, these rollers can be built up like a reel, as shown, in order to secure
the reception of moisture by the threads from an atmosphere which can be rendered
moist by any suitable means. For instance the atmosphere can be rendered moist
by being saturated with water, another way of obtaining this effect, and in a more
marked degree, would be to apply an injector to the receptacle c which injector
introduces air at the same time as the injected vapour so that the former becomes
moistened. For distributing the mixture of air and vapour it is preferable to make
use of a perforated tube e over which the said rollers d are situated. Passing
round a roller and being led thereby from the receptacle c, the threads then
circulate through the size box where they are led by means of a roller i directly
through the size and are steeped in it, and then, as necessity may require, pass
between two or more pairs of rollers, two pairs are shown on the drawing. One of
the rollers, k, is steeped in the size, and completes the sizing process by further
saturating the threads with size. The other and opposed rollers / free the threads
by their pressure from superfluous size and at the same time cause the size to more
fully penetrate the threads. A drying chest or chamber is applied to the size
box h for further treatment of the threads, which chest or chamber can be suitably
heated say for instance by rows of heated flanged rollers n. In order to prolong
the passage of the threads in the oven or drying chamber the threads are caused
to follow a circuitous course by passing over rollers o. A fan p is constantly
exhausting the moist air and draws in the freshly heated air along the threads, the
passage of the air, and consequently the time during which it will take effect on
the threads, can be increased by means of cross partitions, as for instance g, these
partitions prevent the air from ascending straight upwards but cause it to take a
zig-zag course. As the threads are led over a roller m into the upper part of the
drying chamber and leave it below close to the heating medium, whilst on the other
band a stream of warm air ascends from below upwards, the drying process is
carried out on the principle of the opposed current, that is to say, the hottest air
takes effect on those rows of threads which are already more or less dried, the
drying process is therefore quickly completed, whilst the fresh rows of threads
which are stil moist are met with air having a certain degree of moisture and of a
more moderate temperature.

page_text: In order to separate the threads which may be somewhat stuck together, and in
order to prevent the same becoming again united, in case there should be any trace
of moisture, that is to say on their passage from the drying chamber to the common.
warp beam t, they are led, after leaving the drying chamber, by means of a roller v
to a set of polished rods arranged like a furnace grating, the threads being
alternately led above and below each of these rods. It will be understood that
threads of uneven count will pass away each time over one of the rods whilst those
of even count are passing below the rods, and vice-versa. Draw beams s are applied
behind the rods after passing round which the threads are finally wound on the
common warp beam t. The machine is driven by means of conical pullies u so
that the speed at which it works.can-be-regulated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
First. The improved devices for use in the cold sizing of yarn, consisting of a
receptacle (such as c), to be placed before the size box, which is provided with
means for leading forward the threads to be sized and is also connected with an
appliance by means of which moist air can be introduced, for the object of making
the threads more susceptible to the reception of the cold size.
Second. In apparatus of the kind hereinbefore described, the application of an
injector to the receptacle c, for the object of simultaneously introducing with the
streams of moisture, air which thereby becomes moistened.
Third. In combination with the devices or apparatus specified in Claim 1, a
drying chamber applied behind the size box, which chamber is provided in its
lower part with a heating device for reducing the saturated air and with an
appliance for leading forward the threads, which latter appliance can be so arranged
that the threads and the warm air, which is ascending, will travel in opposite
directions.
Dated Lune 4th 1901
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.