Improvements in Electric Lighting Apparatus
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd May, 1899-Accepted, 1st July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Lighting Apparatus,
I, ANDREW PLECHER, of Habersham and 2nd Streets, Savannah, in the County
f Chatham, and State of Georgia, United States of America, Pastor, do hereby
eclare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
ormed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
tatement:-
66
My invention is in the nature of an apparatus which is designed to be employed
for purposes of special X-ray illumination, or for the purposes of general illu-
mination as electric lamps, and it consists in the peculiar construction and
arrangement hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which Figure 1 is a side view of two of the apparatus connected in series as
electric lamps. Figures 2 and 3 are side views respectively of two modifications
of the same, and Figure 4 is a sectional view of an induction coil.
C is an electro-
Referring to Figure 1, A¹ is a Crookes vacuum tube or bulb.
magnet sealed tightly within the walls of the vacuum bulb and having its helix
connected to the primary wire B¹, and bearing on the inner end of its pole the
convex plate E whose surface is to be covered with a substance which fluoresces
For such purpose I use a
or shines by the bombardment of the cathode ray.
Cristaux de Sidot" made by Louis Muller-
substance known on the market as
Unkel, Braunschweig, Germany. Any other equivalent substance may, however,
be employed, such as the sulphates and sulphides of calcium, barium, and stron-
tium, or the calcium wolfromate (tungstate). Entering the vacuum bulb from
opposite sides are the cathode terminals D'D'. These are tightly sealed in the
glass, and the external wire with which they connect extends along the line
circuit from one lamp to the next. They are fully insulated, and are wrapped
around the primary wire B' in the shape of a coil all along the primary wire B¹
This forms a sort of greatly elongated
as it extends from one lamp to the next.
The outer terminals of the primary
induction coil between any two lamps.
wire B¹ are extended to and connected with the opposite poles of a pole changing
dynamo and the outer terminals of the secondary wire are connected to each
other to complete the secondary circuit. The cathode rays as they radiate from
the terminals D' within the bulb are deflected laterally by the influence of the
magnet C¹, and in bombarding the specially prepared surface E cause the latter
to shine with an intense illumination.
Instead of having two cathode terminals at right angular position to the
magnet C as in Figure 1, I may arrange them as in Figure 2, where one of the
terminals of the secondary wire is carried to the core of the magnet, which then
becomes a cathode terminal, or if desired both said terminals may be carried to
the cores of diametrically placed electro magnets as shown at CC in Figure 3.
As a further modification the end portion of one or both the secondary wires
may first be wrapped or laid in coils around the primary coil of the magnet, and
then extended to the core or pole, as seen in Figure 4, in which case the magnet
becomes an induction coil 05. In this figure, B is the primary wire, and D the
secondary which is not only wound around the primary between lamps but is

page_text: wound around the primary wire itself as it lays in the helix, the end a being
attached to the core and the other end y forming the opposite cathode. When
so employed the electric lighting apparatus is converted into a novel form of
X-ray apparatus.
It is known that a secondary current passing through a vacuum tube is influ-
enced by a magnet in regard to direction as well as in regard to its light
giving properties. Therefore in placing a. magnet at each pole or rather in
making the secondary current from a pole changing dynamo to traverse the cores
of the two magnets then, according to known facts, the resistance in the vacuum
tube becomes considerably less, and the, invisible rays are turned into white
light.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is '
.
1. Putting the electromagnet, or the induction coil in the vacuum bulb, sub-
stantially as described.
2. Coiling the secondary wire along the primary wire from lamp to lamp, sub-
stantially as described.
3. Winding the secondary wire around the primary between the lamps, sub-
stantially as described.
4. Arranging the electromagnets diametrically opposite each other, substan-
tially as shown and described.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1899.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
Chartered Patent Agents, 53, Chancery Lane, London.