IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS A CRET CASTING "
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John McLaren of Stenhousemuir in the County of
Stirling North Britain--for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS
A
CRET
CASTING "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John McLaren at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1883.
JOHN MCLAREN, of Stenhousemuir, in the County of Stirling, North Britain.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR PRODUCING IRON AND STEEL CASTINGS,"
This Invention which relates to improvements in Moulds for producing Iron
and Steel Castings, has for its object to provide a box chill, and pattern combined.
In carrying this Invention into practice, the mould is constructed of metal,.
preferably Cast Iron, and is formed of two or more parts, each part forming at the
back of the moulding faces a receptacle for sand or other suitable material.-This.
sand or other material is walled in at the sides and ends of the back of the mould
by walls, cast or otherwise, suitably formed upon the said mould, and which walls
may be stayed with tie-bolts or by any other suitable means.-Through the
moulding faces of the mould there are formed air outlets which pass through the
sand to the surface of the same and the said holes are connected with holes passing
through the sand and through the sides and ends of the said walls of the mould.
The effect of these holes upon the sand, and with it the mould, is such as to cause
a free passage outwards of the hot air from the metal being cast and also to the
cooler air passing inwards through the inlets thereby keeping the mould cool.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John McLaren in the Patent Office on the 1st January 1884.
JOHN MCLAREN of Stenhousemuir in the County of Stirling North Britain
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR PRODUCING IRON AND STEEL CASTINGS
"
My said Invention which relates to improvements in moulds for producing Iron
and steel castings, has for its object to provide a box chill, and pattern combined.
In carrying this invention into practice, the mould is constructed of metal,
preferably cast iron and is formed of two or more parts, each part forming at the
back of the moulding faces a receptacle for sand or other suitable material. This
sand or other material is walled in at the sides and ends of the back of the mould
by walls, cast or otherwise, suitably formed upon the said mould and which walls
may be stayed with tie-bolts or by any other suitable means.-Through the
moulding faces of the mould there are formed air outlets which pass through the
sand to the surface of the same and the said holes are connected with holes passing
through the sand and through the sides and ends of the said walls of the mould.-
The effect of these holes upon the sand and with it the mould, is such as to cause
a free passage outwards of the hot air from the metal being cast and also to the
cooler air passing inwards through the inlets, thereby keeping the mould cool.
"
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I now
proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode or manner in or under
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, reference being
had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the Letters and Figures marked thereon,
that is to say :--
Figure 1, is a plan of a mould constructed according to and constituting my
present Invention.
Figures 2, and 3, are respectively a side elevation and end elevation of the
same.
•
Figure 4, is a transverse section through the same on the line A, B, Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a plan of the lower half of the said mould.
-
Figure 6, is a side elevation of a mould represented in an oblique position for
pouring the molten metal thereinto.
In carrying my present Invention into practice I construct the mould of metal
preferably cast iron, and of two or more parts,, the mould represented on the
accompanying Drawings is formed of the two parts a, and b, each part forming at
the back of its moulding face c, a receptacle d, for sand or other suitable material.―
This sand or other material is walled in at the sides and ends of the back of the
mould by the walls marked respectively e, and f, cast or otherwise suitably formed
upon the parts of the said mould and which walls e, and f, may be stayed with
tie-bolts or as shewn on the accompanying drawings by the web g, or by any
other suitable means.-Through the moulding faces c, of the mould there are
formed (as represented at Figure 4,) the air outlets h, which pass through the
sand i, to the surface of the same and the said outlets or holes h, are connected
with the holes j, passing in through the side walls e, and end walls f, of the
mould. These holes in the sand i, I prefer to make by means of ropes passed
through the holes formed in the side and end walls of the mould previous to the
said mould being packed with the sand.-The air outlets or holes h, through the
sand I prefer to form by drilling down with a suitably pointed bar to the holes
formed through the moulding faces c, and when the mould is otherwise complete
withdrawing the said bar and also withdrawing the ropes before mentioned,
thereby leaving the sand i, with a number of passages formed through it.-The

page_text: effect of these holes or passages upon the surrounding sand and with it the moulds
is such as to cause a free passage outwards of the hot vapours arising from the
metal being cast and also to the cooler air passing inwards through the said
passages thereby keeping the moulds cool.
The mould represented on the accompanying Drawings is one constructed for the
casting of axle boxes or bushes to which castings these improvements are
especially applicable and it is also represented as a double mould, that is to say, for
the formation of two castings at once. When used in this form the mould is
carried by the central shaft k, in any suitable bearings and preferably in an oblique
position (as represented at Figure 6,) the molten metal is then poured into the
mould through the inlet l, until such a time as it flows up into the outlet m, when
the metal is allowed to set, and so soon as it has set the mould is rotated with by
or on the shaft k, thereby bringing the opposite side of the said mould uppermost
when the process of pouring the metal is repeated at that side thereby forming a
casting at this side also, the length of the axle box or bush to be cast is regulated
by the collar m', which may be moved into any required position in the mould.
The two parts a, and b, of the mould are secured together by the pins n, and
cotters o, which engage with the snugs p, formed on the said mould, or they may
be secured together by any other suitable means.
It is to be understood, although my present improvements are represented on the
accompanying Drawings as applied to a mould constructed for casting two axle
boxes or bushes, that I may apply the said improvements to the casting of one,
two or more such axle boxes or bushes or to the formation of one, two or more
castings of any other shape or configuration
.Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
invention and the system, mode or manner in or under which the same is or may
be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what
I consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is :-
Constructing moulds for making iron and steel castings in the manner herein-
before described, that is to say, forming hollow spaces in the sand of the said
moulds in the manner set forth so as to enable cool air to circulate through the said
moulds for the purposes hereinbefore described.
In Witness Whereof I, the said John McLaren have hereunto set my hand
and seal this thirty-first day of December in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty-three.
JOHN M LAKEN
(L.S.)