CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING, DRESSING, FINISHING, AND WINDING COTTON AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Leigh Brook, of Meltham Mills,
near Huddersfield, in the County of York, Cotton Spinner, and
Charles Brook, junior, of the same Place, Cotton Spinner, for the
Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING, DRESSING,
FINISHING, AND WINDING COTTON AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS,
AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 1st February 1854, and dated the 25th November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Leigh
Brook and Charles Brook at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 25th November 1853.
We, WILLIAM LEIGH BROOK, of Meltham Mills, near Huddersfield,
in the County of York, Cotton Spinner, and CHARLES BROOK, junior, of
the same Place, Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING, DRESSING,
FINISHING, AND WINDING COTTON AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN
THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate, first, to a method of dressing and finishing

page_text: a
upon
such yarns or threads by the application of friction produced by a
peculiar combination of horizontal brushes, with revolving beaters or
burnishers, by which means more perfect adhesion of fibre with smooth-
ness and "glacé" effect is produced, the yarns or threads being extended
from end to end of the machine, and in contradiction to being dressed
and finished in the hank or skein, each thread being kept separate, so
that every portion of the surface of the thread becomes exposed to the
combined operation of the said horizontal brushes and rapidly revolving
beaters or burnishers. The yarns or threads to be dressed are
wound
roller or beam at one end of the machine, pass
through the operation of sizing, as in common use, and from thence
to the corresponding beam at the opposite or finishing end of the
machine; between the roller beam and the opposite beam are fixed
three or more spindles or shafts carrying the revolving beaters or
burnishers, and which are so arranged that the arms of the said beaters
beat in one or the same direction on the upper and under surfaces of
the yarns or threads. The said arms may be covered with zinc or
other metal, wood, or cloth. In combination with these said beaters
horizontal brushes are attached (worked by cranks or any other
suitable means), acting upon the surfaces of the yarns and threads at
the sides in one direction, and thus effectively laying the fibre.
Secondly, in machinery or apparatus for winding the thread with
greater facility from off the finished beam, without damaging the fibre.
The bobbins to receive the dressed or finished thread may be placed
in four or more tiers or spindles, driven by bevil wheels or other
suitable gearing, the number of the bobbins being determined by
the number of threads upon the dressing machine. The finished
beam slides in grooves, so that the thread in the operation of winding
is always run off corresponding with the centre of the machine. The
bobbins are instantly stopped, upon any of the threads breaking; by
means of a lever attached to a bar, which lifts the bobbins off their
seats.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Leigh Brook and Charles Brook in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th May 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
WILLIAM LEIGH BROOK, of Meltham Mills, near Huddersfield, in the
County of York, Cotton Spinner, and CHARLES BROOK, junior, of the
same Place, Cotton Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of November,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said William Leigh Brook and Charles Brook,
junior, Her especial licence that we, the said William Leigh Brook
and Charles Brook, junior, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said William Leigh Brook and Charles
Brook, junior, our exécutors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING, DRESSING, FINISH-
ING, AND WINDING COTTON AND LINEN YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition,
amongst others, that we, the said William Leigh Brook and Charles
Brook, junior, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Leigh Brook, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in

page_text: and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is
to say):
Our Improvements relate, first, to. a method of dressing and finishing
cotton and linen yarns or threads by the application of friction, produced
by a peculiar combination of horizontal brushes with revolving beaters
or burnishers, by which means a more perfect adhesion of fibre with
smoothness and glacé effect is produced, the yarns or threads being
extended from end to end of the machine, and in contradistinction to
being dressed and finished in the hank or skein, each thread being
kept separate, so that every portion of the surface of the thread be-
comes exposed to the combined operation of the said horizontal brushes
and rapidly revolving beaters or burnishers. The yarn or threads to be
dressed are wound upon a roller or beam at one end of the machine,
pass through the operation of sizeing as in common use, and from
thence to the corresponding beam at the opposite or finishing end of
the machine; between the roller beam and the opposite beam are fixed
three or more spindles or shafts carrying the revolving beaters or bur-
nishers, and are so arranged that the arms of the said beaters may beat
in either direction, or be made separately to beat opposite to one
another on the upper and under surfaces of the yarns or threads. The
said arms may be covered with zinc or other metal wood or cloth. In
combination with these said beaters horizontal brushes are attached
(worked by cranks or other suitable means), acting upon the surfaces
of the yarns and threads at the sides in one direction, and thus effec-
tively laying the fibre.
Secondly, in machinery or apparatus for winding thread with greater
facility from off the finished beam without damaging the fibre. The
bobbins to receive the dressed or finished thread may be placed in
three or more tiers on spindles, driven by bevil wheels or other
suitable gearing, the number of the bobbins being determined by
the number of threads upon the dressing machine. The finished
thread in the operation of winding is always run off corresponding
with the centre of the machine. The bobbins are instantly stopped,
upon any of the threads breaking, by means of a lever attached to a bar,
which lifts the bobbins off their seats.

page_text: But in order that our Invention may be more perfectly understood
and explained in detail, we have attached to these presents two
Sheets of Drawings; Sheet 1, represents our improvements in finishing
threads or yarns; Sheet 2, our improvements in winding the same.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1, represents a longitudinal elevation of our im-
proved machinery or apparatus for finishing threads or yarns; Fig. 2,
is a plan or top view of the same; Fig. 3 and 4, are respectively front
and end views. The same letters of reference refer to similar parts of
the machinery. In Sheet 1, a is the framing of the machine; b, the
roller or drum upon which the threads are wound preparatory to being
finished; c and e, are bands of iron or other suitable material passing
over each end of the roller b, and by means of a lever d, and weight e,
partially confining or checking its revolution, thereby causing a neces-
sary tension of the threads; f, is a reed which guides and separates
each thread in its passage from the roller ; the threads now pass
under a small roller g, so placed as to bring then to a suitable level for
presentation to the sizeing druni h, on which rests a pressing roller j;
the lath, divides the advancing threads, each alternate thread passing
under and over it, and the next operation is performed by the brushes l
and m, both working one way and effectually laying the fibre in the
same direction'; 'the reed m* is next passed through, and the pressure
barn regulates the proper height at which the threads may be brought
within the action of the rapidly revolving beaters or burnishers o, o¹, o¹¹;
the threads have now received their glacé appearance, and passing
under the pressure bar p, proceed in their course between the double
pressure bar
thence through the reed r, and each isolated thread is
finally wound on to its respective small drum 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, of the receiving
beams t and t'. In the figures shewn there are two receiving beains,
each carrying six small receiving drums or rollers, each roller capable
of winding on sixty threads of finished yarn or thread; the beams may
be removed at pleasure, and the supplied small drums or rollers taken
off, and replaced by fresh ones. ut and u¹, are friction rollers secured
to the framing and carrying the sizeing drum h, under which is a trough,
also supported by the framing, for the purpose of receiving the super-
abundant size. v and u, are two connecting rods for giving the peculia

page_text: motion to the brushes in one direction (through aid of appropriate
levers and framing, and shown distinctly in Fig. 1), and driven by the
crank and disc or excentric on the shaft a, which receives its motion
through small spur wheels from the driving pully. *, is a counter-
balance weight. The gearing imparting the various motions to the
machinery is shewn in Fig. 1, by red lines; the driving pully y, through
its shaft, first gives motion, by the wheels 1 and 2, to the connecting
rods and brushes, and at the same time through a series of straps or
bands running round small and large driving pullies, plainly delineated
in the accompanying Drawings, communicating to the beaters or bur-
nishers, their rapidly revolving motion, simultaneously with which the
"drawing" or small finished thread rollers are set in action from the
main driving pully y, through the wheels and pinions 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10; wheel 9 giving motion to the lower, and 10 to the upper beam
for carrying the rollers of finished thread or yarn. Fig. 3, is a front
view shewing the first roller beam more distinctly than in the other
Figures, and the method by which the tension of the threads is
maintained by the action of the weights e, e, through the levers d, d,
upon the bands c, and c', which pass over each end of the first roller
beam. Fig. 4, represents an end view of the machine shewing more
distinctly than the other Figures the fast and loose driving pulleys, the
crank and disc for driving the connecting rods, the gearing and the
double tier of small drums of finished threads. In Sheet 2, Fig. 1
represents a side elevation of our improved winding apparatus; and
Fig. 2 exhibits a longitudinal elevation of the same. a, Fig. 1, is
a table on which 'two or more small drums b, of finished thread removed
from the finishing beam (before described) are placed upon a revolving
axis; the threads are then passed between 6 or more vertical guides or
runners c, so as to become partly divided, and are then distributed
to their respective bobbins d, d, d. In the Figures shown in the
Drawing (Sheet 2) the framing is capable of holding and winding on
120 bobbins, 60 on each side, and for every extra small drum, each
containing 60 threads, placed upon the revolving axis an extra
frame capable of holding 60 bobbins would, of course, be required.
e. is the driving pully, carrying on its shaft a bevil wheel f, which

page_text: gives motion to a small bevil wheel' g, having at the other end of its
shaft a corresponding bevil wheel h; this, through the bevil wheel j,
communicates motion to the upright, shaft k, which carries the bevil
wheels 1, 1, 1; these, through the askew bevil wheels m, m, m, give
the winding-on motion to the bobbins through the bevil wheels n, n, n,
secured to the spindles 0, 0, o; on the spindles c, and above the bevil
wheel n, are small plates or discs p, p, which support the bobbins; these
plates or discs are embraced by forked pieces of metal q, or small levers,
and by means of the rods r, running the whole length of the frame in
connection with the handle s, may be caused (by depressing the
handle s), to lift the bobbins from the disc, and render the bobbin
stationary, whilst the machine is in motion, so that any broken threads
may be at once rejoined without fear or inconvenience. t, t¹, t¹¹, are
strong laths or guide rods, extending the whole length of the machine,
and carrying for each thread a guide v; these laths rise and fall as the
threads are wound on the bobbins, regulating, by means of the heart
cam wheel on the shaft u, traversing the runner of the. lever a, the
winding on of the threads; the rod and the chain of the lever a, and
the chain for the slide rod n, are both secured to the drum or pully y,
(on the top of the framing), and form the connecting link between the
lever a, and guide laths t, t', t, and by the winding on and off of the
two chains secured to the drum y, cause the rise and fall of the guide
rods, as maintained by the revolution of the heart-shaped cam.
x, is a
counterbalance weight. 1, 2, 3, 4, is the gearing which communicates
motion from the shaft of the driving pulley to the heart-shaped cam.
Having now fully and particularly described our Invention, we wish
it to be distinctly understood that we claim, first, the dressing and
finishing of yarns or threads by the peculiar construction and arrange-
ment of the machinery or apparatus, as substantially herein set forth,
and shown in the accompanying Drawings, and the dressing or finishing
such threads or yarns, the whole passing from one roller, and travelling
throughout the length of the machine in perfect isolation as regards
each thread to the winding-on rollers or finishing beam, whereby the
smoothness and glacé effect is obtained, in contradistinction to being
dressed and finished in the skein or hank; and, secondly, in the peculiar

page_text: construction and arrangement of the winding-on apparatus or machine,
as herein particularly, described, exhibited, and set forth, whereby the
finished thread is conveniently. and speedily wound off from the
"drawing" or finished thread, drum, or roller, and at one operation
wound on to the bobbins in a fit state to be transferred to the spools.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Leigh Brook, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of
May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eiglit hundred
and fifty-four.
WILLIAM LEIGH BROOK. (L.S.)

page_text: DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION filed by the said
William Leigh Brook and Charles Brook in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th July 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
LEIGH BROOK, of Meltham Mills, near Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Cotton Spinner, and CHARLES BROOK, junior, of the same Place, Cotton
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said William
Leigh Brook and Charles Brook, junior, Her especial licence that we, the
said William Leigh Brook and Charles Brook, junior, our executors, adminis-
trators and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Leigh Brook and
Charles Brook, junior, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,

page_text: "
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, our Invention, therein entituled "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSING, DRESSING, FINISHING, AND WINDING COTTON AND LINEN
YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH,"
upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said William Leigh Brook
and Charles Brook, junior, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent: And whereas
we, the said William Leigh Brook and Charles Brook, junior, in pursuance
of a proviso in the said Letters Patent contained, did, by a Specification
(that is to say), an instrument in writing under the hand and seal of the
said William Leigh Brook, together with, two, Sheets of Drawings annexed
to or accompanying the said Specification, particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of our said. Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, and did cause the same, instrument to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery on
the Twenty-fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-four: And whereas since the filing of our said, Specification
we have been advised that it is very doubtful whether the second part of our
said Invention, which consists of machinery for winding threads, as described
in the said Specification, was new at the date of the said Letter's Patent, and
that the claim to the first part of our said Specification may possibly bear a
much larger construction than we intended, and be thus deemed to include or
extend to some parts of the machinery and other matters described, which we
do not desire to claim as of our Invention comprised in the said Letters
Patent; and for these reasons we desire to disclaim some parts of the title of
our said Invention and of the said Specification, and to alter the said title
and Specification in manner herein-after expressed.
NOW KNOW YE, therefore, that we, the said William Leigh Brook and
Charles Brook and Charles Brook the younger, by and with the leave and
consent of Sir Alexander James Edmund Cockburn, Knight, Her Majesty's
Attorney General, and for the reasons aforesaid, do hereby disclaim the
word "winding," contained in the title of our said Invention, as expressed
in the said Letters Patent and Specification respectively; and for the reasons
aforesaid, and for causing the undisclaimed words in the said title to be
placed in proper order, we do alter the same title, so that the same
may and shall be in these words: "Certain Improvements: in Preparing,

page_text: Dressing, and Finishing Cotton and Linen Yarns or Threads, and in the
Machinery or Apparatus connected therewith." And by and with the leave
and consent aforesaid, and for the reasons aforesaid, we do hereby disclaim
the word "first," contained in the said Specification immediately after
the words "our improvements relate" in the said Specification, and in the
third line of the fourth page of the printed copies of the said Specifica-
tion, as printed by Her Majesty's printers. And by and with the leave
and consent aforesaid, and for the reasons aforesaid, we do hereby disclaim
so much and such part or parts of the said Specification as consists of
the words following: "Secondly, in machinery or apparatus for winding
"thread with greater facility from off the finished beam without damaging
"the fibre. The bobbins to receive the dressed or finished thread may be
placed in three or more tiers or spindles driven by bevil wheels or other
"suitable gearing, the number of the bobbins being determined by the number
"of threads upon the dressing machine; the finished thread in the opera-*
❝tion of winding is always run off, corresponding with the centre of the
"machine. The bobbins are instantly stopped, upon any of the threads
breaking, by means of a lever attached to a bar, which lifts the bobbins
"off their seats." And by and with the leave and consent aforesaid, and
for the reasons aforesaid, we do hereby disclaim these words and figure:*
"Sheet 2, our improvements in winding the same," contained in the said
Specification, and in the fourth line of the fifth page of the said printed
copies thereof, as printed by Her Majesty's said printers. And by and
with the leave and consent aforesaid, and for the reasons aforesaid, we do
hereby disclaim so much and such part or parts of the said Specification
as consists of the words, letters, and figures following: "In Sheet 2, Fig. 1
represents a side elevation of our improved winding apparatus, and Fig. 2
" exhibits a longitudinal elevation of the same. a, Fig. 1, is a table on which
"two or more small drums 6 of finished thread removed from the finishing
"beam (before described) are placed upon a revolving axis; the threads are
then passed between six or more vertical guides or runners c, so as to become
partly divided, and are then distributed to their respective bobbins d, d, d.
In the Figures shown in the Drawing (Sheet 2), the framing is capable of
holding and winding on one hundred and twenty bobbins, sixty on each
"side, and for every extra small drum, each containing sixty threads placed
upon the revolving axis, an extra frame capable of holding sixty bobbins
"would of course be required; e is the driving pulley, carrying on its shaft a
"bevil wheel f, which gives motion to a small bevil wheel g, having at the
other end of its shaft a corresponding bevil wheel h; this, through the bevil
66
65
6
45
66
66

page_text: 66
66
46
66
66
66
66
"
€6
66
66
66
"wheel j, communicates motion to the upright shaft k, which carries the bevil
wheels 1, l', ; these, through the askew bevil wheels m, m, m, give the
winding-on motion to the bobbins through the bevil wheels n, n, n, secured
"to the spindles o, o, o; on the spindles c, and above the bevil wheel n,
"are small plates or discs p, p, which support the bobbins. These plates
"or discs are embraced by forked pieces of metal q, or small levers, and by
"means of the rods r, running the whole length of the frame in connection with
the handles, may be caused (by depressing the handle s) to lift the bobbins
"from the disc, and render the bobbin stationary, whilst the machine is in
motion, so that any broken threads may be at once rejoined without fear or
inconvenience. t, t, t", are strong laths or guide rods, extending the whole
length of the machine, and carrying for each thread a guide v; these laths
rise and fall as the threads are wound on the bobbins, regulating by means
of the bent cam wheel or the shaft n, traversing the runner of the lever a,
the winding-on of the threads. The rod and the chain of the lever a, and
the chain for the slide rod n, are both secured to the drum or pulley y (on the
top of the framing), and form the connecting link between the lever a, and
guide laths t, t, t", and by the winding on and off of the two chains secured
"to the drum y, cause the rise and fall of the guide rods as maintained by the
"revolution of the heart-shape cam. a is a counterbalance weight; 1, 2, 3, 4,
"is the gearing which communicates motion from the shaft of the driving
pulley to the heart-shaped cam." And by and with the leave and consent
aforesaid, and for the reasons aforesaid, we hereby disclaim the word "first,"
contained in the said Specification immediately after the words "we wish it to
"be distinctly understood that we claim," contained in the said Specification,
and in the twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh lines of the 7th page of the said
printed copies of the said Specification. And by and with the leave and consent
aforesaid, and for the reasons aforesaid, we do hereby disclaim all, so much,
and such part or parts of the said Specification as consists of these words
and, secondly, in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the winding-
on apparatus or machine as herein particularly described, exhibited, and
"set forth, whereby the finished thread is conveniently and speedily wound
"off from the 'drawing' or finished thread, drum, or roller, and at one
operation wound on to the bobbins in a fit state to be transferred to the
spools." And by and with the leave and consent aforesaid, and for the
reasons aforesaid, we do hereby disclaim all the machinery and apparatus
shewn in Sheet 2 of the said Drawings accompanying the said Specification.
And by and with the leave and consent aforesaid, and for the reasons afore-
said, we do hereby disclaim the several well-known parts or elements of
"
66
66
66
"
:

page_text: the machinery described in the undisclaimed parts of our said Specification
as being, separately or apart from the combination or application thereof in
manner described in the said Specification, any part of our said Invention;
the only novelty in which machinery intended to be claimed by our said
Specification being, the combination of revolving beaters with horizonta
brushes and other machinery, as described in the said Specification, for the
purpose of dressing and finishing cotton and linen yarns or threads in the
manner also described in the said Specification, such horizontal brushes and
other machinery not being claimed as being, separately or apart from such
combination and the application thereof to the purposes described in our said
Specification, any part of the said Invention comprised in the said Letters
Patent.
AND WHEREAS in Sheet I. of the said Drawings annexed to or accom-
panying the said Specification the Figure thereon contained, and which is
thereon numbered or marked "Fig. 4," was so numbered or marked by
mistake, and ought to have been numbered or marked "Fig. 3;" and the
Figure contained upon the same Sheet of Drawings, and which is thereon
numbered or marked "Fig. 3," was so numbered or marked by mistake, and
ought to have been numbered or marked "Fig. 4:"
NOW FURTHER KNOW YE, therefore, that by and with the leave and
consent aforesaid, and for the purpose of making the references in the said
Specification to the said Figures correct, we hereby alter the words, letters,
and figures, "Fig. 3 and 4 are respectively front and "end views," contained
in the said Specification, and in the seventh and eighth lines of the fifth page
of the said printed copies thereof, so that the same may and shall be as
follows: "Fig. 4 and Fig. 3 are respectively front and end views ;" and we
also alter the words, letters, and figure, Fig. 3 is a front view, shewing the
"first roller beam more distinctly than in the other Figures," contained in
the said Specification, and in the fifteenth and sixteenth lines of the sixth page
of the said printed copies thereof, so that the same may and shall be as follows:
Fig. 4
a front view, shewing the first roller beam more distinctly than in
"the other Figures." And we also alter the words, letters, and figure,
Fig. 4 represents an end view of the machine," contained in the said
Specification, and in the twentieth line of the sixth page of the said printed
copies thereof, so that the same may and
represents an end view of the machine."
Brook and Charles Brook the younger, do
written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration are not, nor is either of
them, nor is any part thereof, respectively intended to extend the exclusive
46
64
"
shall be as follows: "Fig. 3
And we, the said William Leigh
further declare that the above-

page_text: right granted by the said Letters Patent, and that these Presents shall not
extend the said exclusive right as claimed by us in any way whatever.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Leigh Brook and Charles
Brook, junior, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth
day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty five