Improvements in or Connected with Pressure Reducing Valves, Especially Applicable to Automatic Regulating Valves of Steam Engines. TO
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in or Connected with Pressure Reducing Valves,
Especially Applicable to Automatic Regulating Valves of
Steam Engines.
I, RICHARD MUILMAN CHISWELL, of Southgate, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH PRESSURE REDUCING VALVES, ESPECIALLY
APPLICABLE TO AUTOMATIC REGULATING VALVES OF STEAM ENGINES, a communi-
cation to me from abroad by the firm of Schäffer and Budenberg, Engineers, of
Buckau-Magdeburg, in the German Empire, to be as follows:-
This invention relates to valves, which reduce the pressure of steam and other
fluids by throttling, and more especially to tubular or hollow cylindrical valves for
automatically regulating the speed of engines or the pressure of fluids. These
valves reduce the area for the passage of steam or other fluid according to the
speed of the governor or according to the pressure exerted by the fluid upon a
membrane.
In the improved construction the throttle-valve proper is combined with a cut-
off valve adjustable by hand, in such a manner, that the passages or ports of the
throttle-valve may be wholly or partly covered by the cut-off valve.
In this manner the area of the passage corresponding to the lowest position of
the governor may be adjusted at will, that is to say a constant initial throttling
may be obtained, while for the further and variable throttling, up to the complete
closing of the throttle valve, the whole lift of the governor remains available.
Consequently, the improved construction enables one to obtain the same variation
while the valve is in operation, as by exchanging an ordinary throttle valve for one
of different capacity.
A regulating valve may be combined with an engine governor in such a manner
that the governor serves to turn the valve by means of a universal joint, so that
the steam-passages in the circumference of the tubular or hollow cylindrical valve
have the required area, the axis of the governor being situated in the prolongation
of the axis of the valve, but instead of being in contact with a fixed cylindrical
[Price 8d1

page_text: valve-casing provided with the necessary steam passages, it is enclosed by an axially
movable cut-off valve which forms a perforated lining inside the valve casing and
may be lifted or lowered by means of a tube or hollow spindle surrounding the
valve spindle, and a hand lever adapted to act on the said tube.
The stop valve or cut-off valve extends upward beyond the automatic valve and
is guided in a cylinder formed on the underside of the lid of the valve-casing, the
turning of the valve being prevented by any suitable means, for instance a short
screw or stud fixed in the guide-cylinder and projecting radially into an axial groove
of the valve surface.
Immediately above the lateral passages or perforations the stop-valve has a short
conical shoulder or neck, which in the lowest position of the stop valve rests on
the valve seat and thereby prevents the passage of steam.
When both valves are fully open, the lateral ports of one valve preferably four
in number, coincide with those of the other, and they may be closed either by
turning the automatic valve (about 45 degrees) or by lowering the stop-valve.
The steam enters radially through the lateral ports of the valves and escapes
axially through the lower end of the inner valve, so that in the closing position of
the stop valve the steam presses on the top. Steam is admitted to the upper side
of the stop valve through a small valve mounted on its hollow spindle or tube, so
'as to balance the pressure from below.
The sliding muff of the governor may be connected with the spindle of the
automatic valve by a forked arm attached to the top of a short vertical rod, adapted
to slide up and down in a vertical guide and the lower end of which is hinged to a
lever connected with the valve spindle by a gimbal-joint, so that the lifting of the
rod causes the valve spindle to turn on its axis.
In the case of pressure reducing valves, the membrane may be made to act on
a horizontal lever provided with a counterweight and hinged at the opposite end
to a vertical rod or link which actuates the lever of the gimbal-coupling.
The bearing for the governor-shaft, or the casing of the flexible membrane, is
preferably cast in one piece with the lid of the valve casing, which lid also supports
the fulcrum of the hand lever, and carries a guide for the upper end of the valve
spindle, above the gimbal joint of the latter.
ד
10L
Sh 1005

page_text: APP
Steam Engines.
I, RICHARD MUILMAN CHISWELL, of Southgate, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communi-
cation to me from abroad by the firm of Schäffer and Budenberg, Engineers, of
Buckau-Magdeburg, in the German Empire, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The present invention relates to apparatus for regulating the speed of fluid
pressure engines or the pressure of fluids, by adjusting the position of an inlet valve
or throttle-valve.
These valves, when used for regulating the speed of steam engines, are usually
called throttle valves, and pressure reducing valves, when used for regulating the
pressure of a fluid in a conduit or receptacle. The valve proper is frequently made
tubular in shape and rendered automatic by connecting it with a centrifugal
governor or pressure regulator, in such a manner, that the governor may shift the
valve axially (along its axis) or turn it on its own axis. The axial or rotary
motion of the valve is so calculated, that in the lowest position of the governor the
rectangular ports or fluid passages are completely open, and that in the highest
position of the governor they are completely closed.
In the accompanying drawing the tubular valve under the control of the governor
is designated with R. Figs. 2 and 3 represent examples in which a centrifugal
governor produces an axial motion of the valve R, while Figs. 1 and 4 represent
examples, in which a pressure regulator turns the valve R on its axis. The design
or construction of the regulator or governor, and the method of transmitting its
motion to the valve, are illustrated by Figs. 1 and 4, but do not form part of the
present invention.
This invention consists in the combination of a tubular throttle valve R (connected
with and controlled by the governor) with a second tubular valve S adjustable by
hand and adapted to cover wholly or partly the fluid passages or ports.
This tubular valve S is either shifted axially, which is the case, if the automatic
valve R has a rotary motion (Figs. 1 and 4) or it is turned on its own axis, which
is the case, if the automatic valve R has an axial to and fro motion (Figs. 2 and 3).
Consequently, the second tubular valve S, adjustable by hand, always acts (that
is to say, covers or uncovers the fluid passages) by moving at a right angle to the
valve motion produced automatically by the governor.
After a part of the fluid passage or port of the throttle valve has been covered by
setting the tubular valve S by hand, the remaining or open part of the total fluid
passage represents the range availabe for the action of the governor. This
remaining portion may be gradually diminished by the governor, until the passage
is completely covered.
The available maximum passage, or the range of automatic regulation by the
governor, may therefore be adjusted by hand according to the resistance to be over-
come by the engine, or according to the consumption of steam or other fluid, that
is to say, according to temporary requirements. Owing to this arrangement it is

page_text: always possible to utilize the total lift or travel of the regulator muff or equivalent
organ for the automatic regulation of the fluid passage.
In steam engines, working below their full capacity, and having a wide steam
supply-pipe, it frequently occurs, that the governor remains at or near the highest
point of its travel, but in the combinations illustrated by Figs. 1 and 4, the tubular
valve S need only be moved down the required distance, to ensure that the governor
will remain in its middle position even if the engine has to do less work, than that
for which it was designed.
If the fluid passages are entirely closed by the regulation of the valve S, the
maximum passage, namely that which corresponds to the highest position of
the governor, is equal to zero, that is to say, the tubular valve S has performed
the function of a stop-valve.
To obtain the effect described above, it is immaterial, whether the automatic
valve R is situated inside or outside of the valve S adjustable by hand.
In the example represented by Fig. 1, a rotary valve R is placed in the interior
of a tubular valve S, movable by means of hand wheel and screw spindle.
In Fig. 4, on the contrary, the automatic valve R surrounds the valve S,
adjustable by hand.
In Figs. 2 and 3 the position of the rotary tubular valve S is indicated by
a pointer situated outside the valve casing. Fig. 2 shows the valve S outside and
Fig. 3 the same inside of the axially movable tubular valve R controlled by the
governor.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
In throttle valve apparatus adapted to be controlled by pressure or speed
regulators:
1. The combination with a tubular throttle valve R, of a tubular valve S
surrounding the automatic valve R and rendered adjustable by hand, the valve S
being adapted to regulate the length (or axial dimension) of the fluid passages,
while the width (or circumferential dimension) of the same depends upon the
position of the governor, substantially as described and illustrated by Fig. 1.
2. The combination with a tubular throttle valve R, of a tubular valve S
surrounding the valve R and rendered adjustable by hand, the valve S being
adapted to vary the width (or circumferential dimension) of the fluid passages,
while the length (or axial dimension) of the same is controlled by the position of
the governor, substantially as described and illustrated by Fig. 2.
3. The combination with a tubular throttle valve R, of a tubular valve S
situated inside the valve R and rendered adjustable by hand, the valve S being
adapted to vary the width (or circumferential extent) of the fluid passages, while
the length (or axial extent) of the same is controlled by the position of the governor,
substantially as described and illustrated by Fig. 3.
4. The combination with a tubular throttle valve R, of a tubular valve S
situated inside of the valve R and rendered adjustable by hand, the valve S being
adapted to vary the length (or axial extent) of the fluid passages, while the width
(or circumferential extent) of the same is controlled by the position of the governor,
substantially as described and illustrated by Fig. 4.
D
ALL TOLL 1
100