Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Cycle Frames.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 19th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 7th Nov.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Cycle Frames.
I, FREDERICK ARTHUR ELLIS, of The Sylvian Works, Sylvian Grove, Old
Kent Road, London, S.E., Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of cycle frames, and consists in the
mode of manufacture and in the form of joints employed in the said frames.
It is a usual practice in the making of cycle frames, to build them up of metal
tubes jointed by tubular sockets.
It is a point of importance in the formation of these joints, that the ends of the
tubes entering the sockets should be strongly supported therein, and that the
adhesion of the tubes and the sockets to one another, sould be reliable, and not
easily broken by jar or strain.
In one form of such joints I turn the socket so that it presents both an outer and
an inner projecting lip, and secure the end of the tube between the said lips by
soldering brazing or otherwise. Similarly, where there is a clear way through the
socket, into which a tube is to be fitted, I leave an internal shoulder within the
socket so that the tube when fitted beds home on the said shoulder, and is secured
there by soldering, brazing, or otherwise.
Alternatively, to form these socket joints, 1 may lay the tubes in position into a
suitable mould, and may run the sockets, required, about the ends of the tubes, by
casting metal about them in recesses provided for such cast sockets in the mould.
In order to ensure firm adhesion between the ends of the tubes and cast sockets,
I make indentations from the inside of the end of the tubes, projecting outwards,
which thus engage into the mass of the cast socket and are firmly held therein,
or vice versa the indentations may be inwards from the outside of the tubes, or
may be holes pierced through the tubes, and the cast metal will enter therein, and
engage with the ends of the tubes; or alternatively I may jag the ends of the
tubes in any way so that they engage firmly with the cast sookets.
Any desired ferrules, or bushes, of steel or other material, that it be desired
may
to fix into the sockets, I place in the mould, duly adjusted in proper position on a
core, and the cast metal sockets surround and grip the said steel or metal ferrules
or bushes.
To form the flat joints where required on such tubular frames, I insert a
strengthening steel tube into the end of the frame tube, securing it there by
soldering, brazing or otherwise, and flatten out the end of the combined tube by
pressure, into a flat eye, through which a bolt or pin may be passed to attach the
same to a spindle or other parts of the frame.
Dated the 10th dor of November 1805
FELL & WILDING,
1 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: FREDERICK ARTHUR ELLIS of The Sylvan Works, Sylvan Grove, Old Kent
Road, London, S.E. Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of cycle frames, and consists in the
mode of manufacture, and in the form of joints employed in the said frames.
It is a usual practice in the inaking of cycle frames to build them up of metal
tubes, jointed by tubular sockets.
It is a point of importance in the formation of these joints, that the ends of
the tubes entering the sockets should be strongly supported therein, and that the
adhesion of the tubes and the sockets to one another should be reliable and not
easily broken by jar or strain.
°
In one form of such joints I form the socket so that it presents both an
outer and an inner projecting lip, and secure the end of the tube between the
said lips by soldering brazing or otherwise.
Similarly, where there is a clear way through the socket into which a tube is
to be fitted, I leave an internal shoulder within the socket, so that the tube when
fitted, beds home on the said shoulder and is secured there by soldering, brazing
or otherwise.
Alternately, to form these socket joints, I may lay the tubes in position into a
suitable mould, and may run the sockets required about the ends of the tubes
by casting metal about them in recesses provided for such cast sockets in the
mould.
In order to ensure firm adhesion between the ends of the tubes and cast sockets,
I make indentations from the inside of the end of the tubes projecting outwards,
which thus engage into the mass of the cast socket, and are firmly held therein,
or vice versa, the indentations may be upwards from the outside of the tubes or
may be holes pierced through the tubes, and the cast metal will enter therein,
and engage with the end of the tubes, or alternatively I may jag the ends of the
tubes in any way so that they engage firmly with the cast sockets.
Any desired ferrules or bushes of steel or other material that it may be desired
to fix into the sockets I place in the mould, duly adjusted in proper position on
a core, and the cast metal sockets surround and grip the said steel or metal
ferrules or bushes.
To form the flat joints where required on such tubular frames I insert a
strengthening steel tube, into the end of the frame-tube securing it there by
soldering, brazing or otherwise and flatten out the end of the combined tube
by pressure into a flat eye, through which a bolt or pin may be passed to attach
the same to a spindle or other parts of the frame.
And in order that my invention may be the better understood I now proceed
to describe the same in relation to the drawings hereto annexed and to the letters
and figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a section through a socket joint to connect two or more tubular
members of a cycle frame.
Figure 2 is a modification of the same, giving outside view of tubular member.
Figure 2 is a front wheel fork and pillar constructed with such joints.
Figure 3 is a section through a further modified socket joint between tubular
members of cycle frame, with an internal ferrule.
Figure 4 is a sectional view of the end of a tubular member with inserted
thimble ferrule before collapse of same to form a flat joint.

page_text: Figures 5 and 6 are a side view and sectional plan of the said end of a tubular
member with inserted thimble, after collapse by pressure to form a flat pin joint.
In Figure 1, A is the end of a tubular member of a cycle frame and B is a
socket connecting two or more ends of the tubular members of the frame, without
screwing being employed for the purpose.
The socket is made with double lips to 6 b at each orifice receiving the end of a
tube, the said tube fitting between the said lips so as to receive therefrom both
internal and external support. The tube A may be secured in the socket by
brazing by situ or otherwise, or the socket B may be cast in a mould about the
ends of the tube or tubes A. In such cases to ensure adhesion between the tubes
and socket, bulged projections C may be made in ends of the tube, shown more
clearly in Figure 2, to cause the tube A to be gripped by the socket B when cast
over it.
In Figure 3 the bored hole in the socket B for the reception of the tube A is
carried almost through the socket and finishes with an internal flange or shoulder D
upon which the end of the tube A. is caused to imbed, a ferrule of steel or other
material E being driven into the ends of the tube A. The tube and ferrule may
be fixed in the socket by soldering or brazing in situ, or the socket B may be cast
about the end of the tube A. the end of the tube being closed by the core or
otherwise, in which case pieces C are notched outwards on the tube to firmly
engage with the socket when cast about the end of the tube.
In Figures 4, 5 & 6 I show my mode of forming a strong flat joint for a pin or
bolt out of the tubular menibers of the frame, without any screwing to attach the
parts. I first insert a closed thimble ferrule of steel or other metal into the end of
the tube A soldering or fixing the said thimble in place.
I then collapse or
squeeze the end of the tube and internal thimble together by hydraulic or other
pressure giving the extreme end a final squeeze to make a flat end to the joint
which is then finished off and drilled at G for a pin or spindle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. The method of manufacture of cycle frames in any metal by forming the
end of members where jointed to sockets with projections or recesses therein, and
casting sockets or junction pieces, around said ends in any metal to collect the
members to one another without screwed joints substantially as described.
2nd. In a cycle frame a joint consisting of a tubular member inserted and fixed
without screwing into a cast socket provided both with external and internal lifts
embracing and supporting the end of the said tubular member, substantially as
described.
3rd. In a cycle frame, a joint consisting of a tubular member inserted and fixed
without screwing into a socket provided with an internal shoulder or flange in said
socket upon which the end of the tubular member rests and is bedded, substantially
as described.
4th. In a cycle frame a flat end joint on a tubular member formed without a screw
tbread attachment by an internal steel thimble or other liner inserted between the
open ends of the tubular member, and a bolt or pin hole pierced through the tube
and liner flattened by pressure for the purpose, substantially as described.
Dated this 19th day of August 1896.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.