Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels of Velocipedes and other Light Vehicles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Aug., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th May, 1894-Accepted, 23rd June, 1894
PROVISIONAL DIEUITIVATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels of Velocipedes
and other Light Vehicles.
I, JULES LEMIRE, of 6 Rue St. Jean St. Quentin, in the Republic of France,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres for wheels of velocipedes and other light
vehicles, and comprises improved devices for fastening the cover of the air chamber
to the rim of such wheels.
The easy fixing and removal of covers enclosing the air chambers of pneumatic
tyres for wheels of velocipedes and other similar vehicles depend essentially on
the amount of play of the rings by which the said covers are attached to the rims
of the wheels.
This operation is always difficult and delicate when the play is limited to a certain
extension imposed by the mode of tightening employed, such as for instance when
use is made of a system of levers, a double screw having right and left hand screw
threads engaging with the extremities of the ring or any other similar arrangement,
because with these various systems the loosening and also the tightening cannot be
effected beyond a certain limit, so that on the one hand the facility with which the
disengagement takes place is always subordinated to this maximum extension of
ring, while on the other hand the tightening is not always sufficient and consequently
the fixing is imperfect.
These inconveniences are entirely obviated by the employment of a device for
fastening the rings so as to permit of an unlimited extension, and this result is
obtained by the modes of tightening based on the principle underlying my said
invention.
In carrying my invention into practice I provide for example a cover with rings
placed in interior grooves which are formed by the edges of the rim turned towards
the centre of the wheel, this construction having the advantage of better providing
for the elastic action of the whole air chamber and not limiting it to the ordinary
deformations.
The edges of the cover are made hollow, the cavities formed being sufficiently
wide for enabling the easy passage of the fastening rings which constitute light
tubes of copper or other suitable metal.
In an arrangement which I preferably employ one of the extremities of the
tubular ring terminates in a lower reinforce provided with a vertical aperture in the
middle and horizontal cavities in the remaining parts which serve as bearings for
journals of an endless screw the threads of which engage with the teeth of a rack
furnished at the other extremity of the said ring and which extends into the opposite
extremity. It will therefore be easily understood that it is sufficient to turn the
screw in one direction for loosening the ring until it is completely disengaged,
while by turning the screw in the other direction the ring can be tightened as
energetically as desired, use being made of a key or spanner when it becomes too
difficult to turn the screw by hand. It is therefore sufficient to make the said rack
of such length that it will not permit of the absolute approach of the two extremities
of the tubular ring in order to effect the most energetic tightening which may be
desired while enabling the extremities of the rings to be completely separated in the
other direction so that there will not be the slightest difficulty either in the
disengagement or the firm fixing of the tyre upon the rim.
This result may also be obtained by a modified arrangement in which the afore-
said endless screw is replaced by a pinion provided with a square which enables the

page_text: pinion to be turned by the aid of a key either for effecting the disengagement_or
the tightening. Moreover the pinion is provided with a small lever the extremity
of which is fixed to the box of the pinion by means of a small bolt or screw passed
through the whole and upon which is screwed from the opposite side a small nut for
keeping the pinion in its place and preventing it from moving back when the tyre is
tightened. But whatever may be the advantages and the superiority of this arrange
ment as compared with others having a limited extension, it is evident that as
regards the construction, operation and strength, the arrangement of the endless
screw is far superior to it and also to other modifications which may be devised for
the same purpose but which are not described in the present Specification.
Dated this 19th day of August 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Wheels of Velocipedes
and other Light Vehicles.
I, JULES LEMIRE, of 6 Rue St. Jean, St. Quentin, in the Republic of France,
Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres for wheels of velocipedes and other
light vehicles, and comprises improved devices for fastening the cover of the air
chamber to the rim of such wheels.
The easy fixing and removal of covers enclosing the air chambers of pneumatic
tyres for wheels of velocipedes and other similar vehicles depend essentially on
the amount of play of the ring by which the said covers are attached to the rims
of the wheels.
This operation is always difficult and delicate when the play is limited to a
certain extension imposed by the mode of tightening employed, such as for instance
when use is made of a system of levers, a double screw having right and left hand
screw threads engaging with the extremities of the ring or any other similar
arrangement, because with these various systems the loosening and also the
tightening cannot be effected beyond a certain limit, so that on the one hand the
facility with which the disengagement takes place is always subordinated to this
maximum extension of the ring, while on the other hand the tightening is not
always sufficient and consequently the fixing is imperfect.
These inconveniences are entirely obviated by the employment of a device for
fastening the rings so as to permit of an unlimited extension, and this result
is obtained by the modes of tightening based on the principle underlying my said
invention.
The invention is represented in the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a transverse section of the tyre fixed upon the rim by means of the
system hereinbefore set forth.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of part of the tyre showing in section one of the
modifications with an unlimited tightening, and
Figure 3 represents a second modification under the same conditions.
In carrying my invention into practice I provide for example as shown in
Figure 1 a cover E with rings T placed in interior grooves which are formed by
the edges of the rim turned towards the centre of the wheel, this construction
having the advantage of better providing for the elastic action of the whole air
chamber A and not limiting it to the ordinary deformations.
The edges of the cover are made hollow, the cavities formed being sufficiently

page_text: wide for enabling the easy passage of the fastening rings T which constitute light
tubes of copper or other suitable metal.
In the case of the modification represented in Figure 2 one of the extremities
of the tubular ring T terminates in a lower reinforce provided with a vertical
aperture in the middle and horizontal cavities in the remaining parts which serve
as bearings for journals of an endless screw V the threads of which engage with
the teeth of a rack C furnished at the other extremity of the said ring and which
extends into the opposite extremity as shown in the drawing. It will therefore be
easily seen that it is sufficient to turn the screw in one direction for loosening the
ring until it is completely disengaged, while by turning the screw in the other
direction the ring can be tightened as energetically as desired, use being made of a
key or spanner k when it becomes too difficult to turn the screw by hand. It is
therefore sufficient to make the said rack C of such length that it will not permit of
the absolute approach of the two extremities of the tubular ring T in order to effect
the most energetic tightening which may be desired, while enabling the extremities
of the rings to be completely separated in the other direction, so that there will
not be the slightest difficulty either in the disengagement or the firm fixing of the
tyre upon the rim.
This result may also be obtained by the arrangement represented in Figure 3;
in which the aforesaid endless screw V is replaced by a pinion P provided with a
square which enables the pinion to be turned by the aid of a key either for
effecting the disengagement or the tightening. Moreover the pinion is provided
with a small lever M the extremity of which is fixed to the box of the pinion by
means of a small bolt or screw B passed through the whole and upon which is
screwed from the opposite side a small nut for keeping the pinion in its place and
preventing it from moving back when the tyre is tightened. But whatever may
be the advantages and the superiority of this arrangement as compared with others
having a limited extension, it is evident that as regards the construction, operation
and strength, the arrangement of the endless screw is far superior to it and also to
other modifications which may be devised for the same purpose but which are not
described in the present Specification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved device for fastening rings of covers of pneumatic tyres for
wheels of velocipedes and the like, permitting on the one band of the complete
separation of the ring for facilitating the disengagement, and on the other hand
the unlimited tightening for the attachment, and as constructional forms of this
device any constructions whereby it may be realized, and amongst the latter
especially the arrangement of a rack at one extremity of the ring, penetrating
into its other extremity, where it is actuated by a suitably suspended pinion, and
in this order of ideas, as a part for actuating the rack, particularly an endless
screw appropriately arranged in the extremity of the ring opposite to that carrying.
the rack which penetrates into the same in order to engage with the threads of the
screw, substantially as described and represented by way of example in the
drawing and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 18th day of May 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.