Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 26th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Mar., 1887
I HENRY EMANUEL RUSSELL Managing Director and Secretary of the Russell
and Erwin Manufacturing Coy. of New Britain, Connecticut United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My invention relates to machines for making screws and nails, and comprises
various improvements hereinafter set forth.
The main objects of my said invention are to provide a machine which will auto-
matically produce finished screws directly from a continuous rod or length of wire,
and to improve the construction and increase the efficiency of many of the parts of
machines used in making screws or nails.
My invention is conveniently and advantageously carried into practice as herein-
after described, that is to say :-The main shaft is carried in bearings in a suitable
frame, and extends lengthwise of the machine. The said shaft has fixed thereon cams
for operating the various moving parts of the machine. It is driven by a toothed
wheel mounted thereon and geared with a pinion mounted on a shaft which has a
pulley fixed upon it and is driven by means of a belt applied to the said pulley. The
terms "forward" and "backward as herein used are applied to designate the relative
position and movements of the parts with reference to the front end of the machine
that is to say, the end at which the wire enters the machine.
At the front end of the machine there is a series of rollers between which the wire
passes as it is fed to the machine. Immediately adjoining the said rollers is a feeding
carriage to which reciprocating motion is imparted. This feeding carriage consists of
a slide, an angle lever a spring, a bar, a set screw, and a grooved block. Other feeding
mechanism may, if desired, be substituted therefor. The feeding carriage or slide is
reciprocated by means of suitable levers and a cam on the main shaft; the lower end
of the forward lever has a pin or stud which engages with the groove of the cam. The
upper end of the forward lever is pivotted to the frame of the machine and the rear
lever is pivotted at its lower end to a part of the frame, while its upper end extends
into an opening at one side of the feed slide. These levers are connected by a link,
coupled thereto by means of bolts whose heads fit within grooves in the said levers
having overhanging side walls. The throw or travel of the feed carriage is adjusted
LD1

page_text: 3
by loosening the nuts on the said bolts and moving the said link up or down upon
the levers and then securing the link in position to give the desired length of motion
to the said carriage.
The guides for the feed carriage are made long enough for the said carriage and
also for the threader or screw threading device which is arranged to be reciprocated in
the opposite end of the same guides. This threader has a frame within which is fitted
a hollow spindle upon the rear end of which is an enlargement or head containing
three radially sliding blocks carrying threading dies or tools preferably in the form of
rollers, which roll or swage the thread on the rod or wire, the form of the rollers
depending upon that of the screw-thread desired. The axis of each of the threading
rollers is set at an inclination to the axis of the spindle corresponding to the pitch of
the thread to be produced. I mount these rollers in radially moving slides or blocks
for the purpose of forming the thread over a short portion only of a piece of wire and
then withdrawing the rollers so that they may be moved back to thread another portion
of the wire, one plain portion and the adjoining screw-threaded portion of the wire
together being used for the making of a single screw. The said spindle carrying the
head and threading rollers is driven by means of a pinion geared with a toothed wheel
mounted on the stud fixed in the frame and driven by a pinion on the driving shaft.
When the back gear on the said shaft is omitted and the driving belt passes directly
to a pulley on the main shaft the threader is driven by a gear-wheel on the main shaft
and suitable intermediate gearing. The pinion of the threader is made of sufficient.
width to permit a reciprocating movement of the threader without disengaging the
said pinion from the driving gear. This pinion is secured to the hollow spindle by
means of a set-screw. The hub of the said pinion is placed between the threader
frame, and a bushing washer serves as a collar to prevent end wise movement of the
said spindle within the frame. The front end of the said frame is slit at the upper side
and provided with a clamp bolt for the purpose of fastening the said bushing in any
desired position. Within the frame, and loosely fitted on the spindle, is a collar, to
the rear end of which is secured a ring or sleeve fitting over the said head. The outer
ends of the sliding blocks in which the threading rollers are placed, are bevelled
slightly so that when the said sleeve is pushed outward over the said head, the
threading rollers are forced radially inward, and when the said sleeve is drawn back,
these rollers are permitted to move outward. The parts are so arranged in combina-
tion with each other that the sleeve can never be drawn forward far enough to entirely
uncover the radially sliding blocks, but will project more or less over the same and
thereby prevent the dropping of the blocks entirely from the head. The said collar
and sleeve are reciprocated by means of a forked pin whose shank works in an oblique
slot in the underside of the threader frame. When this pin is moved to or nearly to,
one end of the said slot, the said sleeve is forced forward, but, by moving this forked
pin to the other end of the slot, the said sleeve is forced rearward over the ends of the
aforesaid radially sliding blocks. Surrounding the said sleeve is a water-jacket
through which a stream of water may be caused to pass to keep the parts cool. This
water-jacket is secured to the front end of the frame in any suitable manner, as, for
instance, by means of screws.
The forked pin which imparts reciprocating motion to the said sleeve is operated by
means of a lever which is moved in one direction by means of a spring and in the
reverse direction by means of a cam on the main shaft and the interposed end of
another lever which closes the holding jaws hereinafter described. At the lower end
of the lever for operating the said forked pin, which lever is pivotted to the frame,
there is an extension, into which is inserted a set-screw; the end of this set-screw
rests in a socket of a toggle-arm, the opposite end of which toggle arm rests in a
socket in the end of the lever for closing the holding jaws, thereby forming a jointed
connection between the said levers which is adjustable by means of the said set-screw
to give the requisite throw or movement to the said levers to form the desired depth
of thread. A widening or enlargement of the upper end of the lever for operating the
forked pin allows the fork to travel on the said lever when the threader carriage is
reciprocated.

page_text: The head of the threader is formed with three holes extending from the centre
outward and rearward, which holes are for the discharge of chips or small pieces of
metal which may be detached in the threading operation. A spring is secured to the
framing of the machine in position for contact with a screw which projects from the
threader frame.
The griping or holding dies are arranged behind the threader, one of the said dies
being stationary, while the other die is movable. The movable die is held in the
upper end of the aforesaid lever, which is fitted to oscillate upon a stud. This lever is
made in two parts for the purpose of permitting the adjustment thereof to regulate its
stroke or movement, the said two parts being coupled and secured by bolts, one of
which passes through a hole in the short arm or part of the said lever and into a
screw-threaded hole in the longer arm or part thereof. A set screw is passed through
a screw-threaded hole in the short arm or part of the said lever and bears against one
edge of the long arm or part thereof. By means of these screws, the shorter arm can
be adjusted upon the longer arm to regulate the griping pressure of the holding dies
and also to rigidly hold the two arms of the lever together when adjusted.
The rod or wire is fed by the mechanism above described through the threader and
holding dies. One of the aforesaid cams operating upon the lower end of the last
named lever, closes the holding dies upon the rod or wire, and at the same time,
moves the lever for operating the aforesaid forked pin in such a direction as to throw
the aforesaid sleeve over the head of the threader and force the threader-rollers inward
to act upon the wire. When the threader is revolved, the inclined position of the
threading rollers, as they bite the wire, causes them to travel thereon toward the front
end of the machine and draw the threading carriage with them so long as the rollers
are forced against the wire.
The feeding mechanism above described moves forward while the griping dies
holding the rod or wire and the threader are at work threading a portion of the rod
or wire and moving forward thereon, but the feeding mechanism moves forward faster
than the threader-carriage. As soon as the threader and holding dies release their
hold upon the rod or wire the feed slide moves backward again and pushes the wire
through the threader and holding dies. After it has travelled back a distance equal to
the plain portion of the wire which is to be left between each screw-threaded portion
thereof, it comes in contact with the threader-frame and pushes the said frame back
again to take a fresh hold upon the wire. In order to prevent the threader from
going backward too far, a spring is provided and a set-screw is preferably so adjusted
that it comes in contact with the said spring a short time before the threader has been
pushed backward to the end of its stroke. The spring will then assist the threader in
starting on its return stroke when it is beginning to form the thread. To provide for
enabling the contact of the feeding carriage with the threader frame to be adjusted,
I provide the feeding carriage with a slotted extension which is secured to the feed-
slide by means of a bolt passing through a slot in the said extension. The front end
of this extension comes in contact with the threader frame and moves it backward.
To provide for screw-threading a longer or shorter portion of the wire, the gearing
which drives the pinion of the threader may be changed like the gearing of a screw
cutting lathe to give the threader a greater or less number of revolutions while the
threader rollers are held in action, and the number of threads to the inch may be
regulated by changing the inclination of the axes of the rollers.
A heading ram is provided which carries two heading tools and is given a
double stroke. The front end of the ram is bored out longitudinally to receive
two tool holders which, when placed together have a cylindrical or approximately
cylindrical form. The inner faces of the said tool-holders are provided with sockets
for holding the heading tools, one of which is provided with a rib for forming the slot
or nick in the head of the screw. Each of these sockets is so formed that its axis is
in a line which radiates from the axis on which the ram oscillates vertically. These
heading tools are clamped within the tool-holders by means of a clamp bolt fitted in
a hole by the side of the socket which receives the holders and one side of the said
bolt is partially cut away so as to conform substantially to the shape of the socket in

page_text: the ram thereby forming its lower end practically into a wedge. This clamping bolt
is forced against one of the tool holders by means of a nut at its upper end, the
turning of which will draw the clamp bolt upward to force the tool-holders together
or move it downward to release them. This manner of holding the heading tools
permits the tool-holders to be turned to bring the heading tools into any desired
position. The said ram is provided with trunnions which have their bearings in slides
arranged to travel longitudinally in guides formed in the vertical parts of the angle
plates which are adjustably secured to the framing of the machine. Bolts are passed
through lateral slots in the said angle plates so that, when these bolts are loosened the
said plates together with the ram may be adjusted laterally upon the machine. This
lateral adjustment is effected by means of set screws. These adjustinents of the tool
holders enable me to universally adjust the heading tools. The tool holders abut
against the straight side of the wedge which is adjustable by means of a bolt and nut
for regulating the endwise adjustment of the heading tools.
The said ram is reciprocated by means of an eccentric or crank on the main shaft
a pitman or connecting rod, and toggle-arms, the throw of the eccentric being
sufficient to carry the toggle arms beyond their point of alignment so that the header
may move backward after its forward stroke and then be forced forward again upon
the return stroke of the said pitman. The ram-operating mechanism above described
differs from that heretofore employed in that the axis of the crank-shaft is parallel to
the stroke of the ram. To permit the side motion of the pitman, that is to say, the
motion which is transverse to the length of the crank-shaft, I make the outer ends of
the toggle-arms ball-shaped, so that they may turn within their sockets in addition to
moving up and down. The upper end of the pitman also moves forward a short
distance with the ram and to permit this movement the said pitman is jointed at
or near the lower end thereof. I provide my oscillating ram with a downwardly
extending arm to the lower end of which a pair of springs are attached for pulling the
ram toward the toggle-armus, and at the same time pulling the forward end of the ram
downward. The ram is turned on its trunnions to bring it into either of three
different positions. The header is thrown upward into two of these positions and
permitted to fall into the third position by means of a cain and an angle lever, the
upper outer end of which carries anti-friction rollers and the lower end of which is
jointed and provided with a set-screw whereby the said lever may be adjusted to carry
the anti-friction rollers underneath the header to any desired height. The said springs
keep the ram pressed downward. It rests upon the said anti-friction rollers except
when the said lever is opposite the lowest point of the said cam. The lowermost
position of the ram is adjusted to the proper height by means of a laterally projecting
arm on the ram, the end of which arin has a set-screw whose lower end comes in
contact with one of the aforesaid slides, which serves as a stop for limiting the down-
ward movement of the ram, and in connection with the said springs holds the said
ram in position so that it moves forward in a right line. When the said ram is in its
intermediate position and rests upon the said rollers, the under face of the said ram
which rests upon the said rollers being so formed as to then be horizontal, the ram
moves forward in a right line.
By attaching the said springs for pulling the ram downwards and backwards to an
arm at a point below the axis of the said ram the power of the springs is more nearly
equalized, that is to say, when the ram is in its most elevated position the lower end
of the said arm is thereby carried forward relatively to the axis of the said ram, but,
at this time, the ram is drawn backward so that the springs pull with about the same
force that they exert when the front end of the ram is lower down and further
forward.
The wire being griped by the holding dies when the end is projected a proper
distance to leave the requisite stock for forming the head, said lever comes opposite
the lowest point of said eam and the ram falls to its lowermost position with the end
of the said set-screw resting upon the upper face of one of the aforesaid slides. The
pitman is raised under the action of the crank or eccentric on the main shaft, the
toggle arms are straightened or brought into alignment, thereby forcing the ram

page_text: forward and bringing one of the heading tools against the end of the wire to form a
preliminary head which is substantially a finished head without the slot. The con-
tinued movement of the pitman carries the toggle arms upward above the point of
alignment, so that the springs withdraw the ram. The said cam then presents its
middle or intermediate face to the lower end of the said lever so that the ram rises far
enough to bring the other heading tool into alignment with the wire. The pitman
then descends and straightens the toggle-arms and forces the last named heading tool
against the wire thereby completing the head by forming the slot or groove therein.
The further downward movement of the pitman draws the toggle arms out of align-
ment and permits the springs to draw the ram backward, in the meantime the said
The
cam presents its highest face to the lower end of the said lever and lifts the ram.
feed operates to advance the stock the proper length when the header is raised.
Another cam carrying two opposite projections then strikes the lower ends of cutting
off levers having cutting and pointing tools, which cut off and point the wire in such
a manner as to leave the requisite amount of metal projecting through the holding
dies to form the head of the succeeding screw.
A knocking out device is screwed in one end of a lever pivotted to the frame and
connected with springs which have a tendency to pull the said device downward.
The opposite end of this knock out lever has pivotted to it a hooked bar whose lower
end engages with a cam or notched disc on the main shaft. Immediately after the
cutting dies open, the notch in the said cam comes opposite the point of the hooked
bar and permits the said bar to rise and the springs to move the knock out device
downward with a rapid stroke and force the finished screw out of the cutting and
pointing dies, in case it should have any tendency to stick therein. The slanting side
of the said cam then engages with the pointed end of the hooked bar and draws it
downward again thereby raising the knock out device and holding it thus elevated
until the notch in the cam again comes opposite the point of the hooked bar.
The cutting and pointing dies cut off the wire transversely, shear chips or pieces
from its sides and swage the point into the desired form. These dies may be adjusted
toward each other by means of set-screws and are held in place by clamp plates which
also forms stops for preventing injury to the cutting edges of the dies by contact with
each other. The said clamping and stop plates rest against each other at one edge,
while their outer edges bear against shoulders formed in the upper end of the cutter
levers. When these plates are thus brought firmly together, the cutting dies are
adjusted by means of the set-screws so that their cutting edges do not quite meet.
The said levers are pivotted on a common centre, by means of trunnions, formed
partly on each lever, and are adjustable lengthwise of the machine by means of set-
screws whereby they may be made to cut off the wire with a greater or less portion
projecting from the holding dies.
The cutting and pointing dies are opened by the action of a spring. By the
arrangement of the cutter levers upon a common centre the cutters are made to act
upon the wire on a line common to each, thus avoiding the angular drawing action
which takes place when the levers are pivotted upon separate centres.
I provide the spindle of the threader with a revolving straightener. For this
purpose, I bore out the small end of the said spindle and insert bushings therein,
between the said bushings is provided a radially adjustable block which can be forced
inward to the desired point by means of a set-screw passing through the body of the
threader-pinion. This addition of the rotary straightener can be made without in any
manner changing the construction of the other parts as hereinbefore described, the
said rotary straightener being revolved by the said pinion and with the threader.
To impart positive motion in both directions to the threader-carriage, instead of
pushing it backward by the feeding carriage against a spring as above described, I
sometimes provide for actuating it by a lever operated by a cam on the main shaft.
This lever might be operated by a special cam of its own but the feed cam is suitable
for the purpose. This cam can be made to operate both the feed-carriage and the
threader, in the following manner, that is to say, an upright is formed on or secured
to one of the guides of the feed carriage and to the upper end of this upright a lever

page_text: is pivotted. This lever extends down through an opening at the side of the threader-
frame and its lower end is provided with a longitudinal groove, having dovetailed or
overhanging side walls and a like groove is formed in the upper end of another lever.
The said levers are connected by means of an adjustable link, which is held in place
and adjusted by means of bolts whose heads fit into the said grooves. By means of
these levers and the adjustable link, the feed carriage and the threader frame may
have a positive motion imparted thereto in both directions under the influence of the
feed cam and at the same time their relative movement may be adjusted as desired.
Inasmuch as I leave a plain or unthreaded portion of the wire, for forming the head
of the screw, the movement of the threader carriage is always less than that of the
feed carriage. In many cases the threader carriage moves only about half the
distance of the feed carriage. Either of the two modes herein described for moving
the threader carrier may be employed as desired, the other parts of the machine being
the same as those first above described.
By suitably adjusting the parts so that the threading rollers will not be forced with
pressure against the wire, the machine may be used for making wire nails. In this
case, parts of the threader or, if desired, the whole threader may be removed from the
machine, or dispensed with, but the putting of the threading rollers out of action is all
that is necessary in order to make such nails.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Making Screws and Nails.
I, HENRY EMANUEL RUSSELL, Managing Director and Secretary of the Russell and
Erwin Manufacturing Company, of New Britain, Connecticut, United States of
America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
My invention relates to machines for making screws and nails, and comprises
various improvements hereinafter set forth.
The inain object of my said invention is to provide a machine which will auto-
matically produce finished screws or nails directly from a continuous rod or length of
wire by repeatedly forming screw-threads upon the said rod or wire near one end
thereof (leaving a smooth or plain portion at this end) up-setting this end to form the
nail-head with or without a transverse groove for the insertion of a screw-driver,
cutting or severing the headed and screw-threaded piece from the said rod or wire
and pointing the said piece to form the finished screw or nail.
My said invention is, moreover, designed to improve the construction and increase
the efficiency of many of the parts of machines used in making screws or nails.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a plan or top view of one form of my improved machine for making
screws or nails.
Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line v, v, Figure 1, some of the
parts being shown in elevation.
Figure 3 is a rear elevation showing details of the said machine.
Figure 3b is an edge view of a cam hereinafter described.
Figure 4 is a transverse section of the said machine on the line w, w, Figure 3,
looking in the direction indicated by the arrow w¹.
Figure 5 is a transverse section on the line x, x, Figure 3, looking in the same
direction, as indicated by the arrow r¹.
Figure 6 is a transverse section on the line y, y; Figure 3, looking in the opposite
direction, as indicated by the arrow y', some of the parts being shown in elevation.
Figure 7 is an enlarged view showing, in transverse section, the upper ends of
levers or jaws hereinafter described which carry the cutters for severing and pointing
the wire, and showing in elevation the said cutters and parts connected therewith.
Figure 8 is a transverse section on the line w, w, Figure 3, looking in the reverse
direction to that indicated by the arrow w¹. This and the following Figures up to 16.
inclusive are also drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 9 is a horizontal section on the line 1, 1, Figure 4, showing, in plan, the
aforesaid levers which carry the cutters for severing and pointing the wire.
Figure 10 is a plan, partly in horizontal section, of a heading ram or header herein-
after described.

page_text: Figure 11 is a transverse section of the same on new, w, Figure 1, the camping
bolt hereinafter described being shown in elevation.
Figure 12 is an underside view of a screw-threading apparatus hereinafter
described.
Figure 13 is a vertical section on the line t, t, Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a transverse section of the said apparatus on the line 2, 2, Figure 13.
Figure 15 is a longitudinal central section illustrating a modification of my
invention hereinafter described.
Figure 16 is a perspective view of one of the tools used for cutting off and pointing
the screws.
Figure 17 is a side elevation, partly in section, of one end of a machine constructed
according to a modification of my invention, and
Figure 18 is a front elevation of the said machine.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
A is the frame of the machine, B is the main shaft, which is carried in suitable
bearings in the said frame, and has fixed thereon the cams hereinafter described for
operating various moving parts of the machine. C is a gear-wheel fixed on the said
shaft and geared with the pinion D fixed on the shaft D' which is also carried in
suitable bearings in the frame A. and is to be driven by any suitable motor by means
of a belt applied to the fast pulley D². D³ is a loose pulley which is fitted with a
capability of rotation on the shaft D¹. For the sake of convenience in the description
of my invention, the right hand end of the machine as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is
herein assumed to be the front or forward end thereof, and the terms forward and
backward are herein used to indicate the direction of movement of various parts
towards and away from this end of the machine.
At the front end of the machine there is a series of rollers a, between which rollers
the wire b, Figure 3, passes as it is fed into the machine; these rollers are similar
to those of ordinary straightening devices, such as are used in nail-making machines.
In proximity to the rollers a is the feed-carriage which is fitted to slide to and fro in
suitable guide-ways d as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1. This feed-carriage
consists of a slide c, a lever e, a spring f, a bar g, a set-screw h and a grooved block i,
Figure 3. This feed-mechanism does not constitute a novel feature of my invention ;
any other suitable feed-mechanism may, if desired, be substituted therefor. Recipro-
cating motion is imparted to the said feed-carriage by means of the levers E, F,' and
the cam G on the main shaft B. The lever Fis pivotted at its upper end to the
frame of the machine as shown at F; the lever E is pivotted at its lower end to the
said frame as shown at E. The lower end of the lever F is provided with a pin
or stud (indicated by a dotted circle at F2 in Figure_17) which projects into the
groove G¹ of the cam G. The upper end of the lever E extends into an opening or
slot c* in one side of the slide c, as shown in full lines in Figures 1 and 17 and in
dotted lines in Figure 3. These levers E, F are connected by a link H, Figures 2
and 3, which link is coupled to the said levers by means of bolts j whose heads are
fitted with a capability of adjustment in T-shaped grooves k in the said levers. The
length of the stroke or movement of the feed-carriage may be regulated by loosening
the nuts on the bolts and moving the link H up or down upon the levers E, F to
increase or diminish the length of stroke or movement of the said lever E; then
by tightening the nuts the said link can be secured in the desired position.
The guide-ways d are made long enough to serve for the feed-carriage and also
for a screw-threading apparatus, which, for convenience of description, I will herein-
after term the threader, and which is fitted to slide to and fro in the said guide-
ways. This threader will be more readily understood by reference to Figures 12, 13
and 14, in which it is shown detached from the machine and drawn to an enlarged
scale. I is the frame of the said threader, within which frame a hollow spindle J is
fitted to rotate. Upon one end of this spindle is an enlargement or head K provided
with three radially sliding blocks K₁ carrying screw-threading dies or tools; these
screw-threading tools are preferably rollers, which roll or swage the screw-thread
upon the rod or wire, the form of the said rollers being varied according to the

page_text: desired shape of the screw-thread. In the machine shown in the drawings, the rollers
are adapted for forming what is known as a ratchet-thread. The axis of each of the
threading rollers is set at an inclination to the axis of the spindle J corresponding to
the pitch of the screw-thread to be produced.
I mount the rollers in the radially moving slides or blocks K' for the purpose of
enabling me to form a screw-thread upon a short portion only of the rod or wire and
to then withdraw the rollers so that a short portion of the rod or wire may be left
without a screw-thread and the said rollers may then be moved back to form a screw-
thread upon another portion of the said rod or wire one plain portion and the
adjoining screw-threaded portion of the said rod or wire together being used for a
single screw. The spindle J carrying the head K and threading rollers lis driven by
means of a pinion L which is geared with a toothed wheel M fitted to rotate upon a
stud fixed in the frame A; motion imparted to the wheel M from the shaft D'
through the medium of a pinion N fixed on the said shaft.
In some instances, the shaft D' and the gearing connecting it with the shaft B are
dispensed with, and the driving belt is passed around a pulley on the main shaft B;
in such cases, the threader is driven by means of a gear-wheel on the main shaft B
connected by suitable intermediate gearing with the pinion L. This pinion is made of
sufficient length or width to permit the reciprocating motion of the threader without
the disengagement of the said pinion from the driving gear. The said pinion is
secured to the hollow spindle J by means of the set-screw m as more clearly shown in
Figure 13. The hub of the pinion L. is placed between a part of the threader-frame I
and a bushing or sleeve n secured in the said frame, the said hub, therefore, serves as
a collar to prevent endwise movement of the spindle J within the frame I. One end
of the frame I is slit at its upper side and provided with a clamping screw or bolt o for
the purpose of fastening the said bushing or sleeve in the desired position in the said
frame. Within the frame I and loosely fitted upon the spindle J is a collar p, to one
end of which is secured a ring or sleeve q, Figure 13, which is fitted to slide upon the
head K. The outer ends of the sliding blocks K' are bevelled slightly, as shown, so
that, when the sleeve q is moved forward over the head K, the threading rollers are
forced radially inward by the said sleeve, and, when the sleeve is drawn forward, these
rollers are permitted to move outward into the position shown in Figures 13 and 14.
The parts are so combined that, in the operation of the machine, the sleeve y cannot
be drawn forward far enough to entirely uncover the radially sliding blocks K¹, the
said sleeve always projecting more or less over the said blocks and thereby preventing
the dropping of the same from the head. Reciprocating motion is imparted to the
collar and sleeve q by means of the forked pin, which is fixed in the collar p and
whose shank works in an oblique slot I' formed in the underside of the threader-
frame I as shown in Figure 12. The pin r is operated in the manner hereinafter
described. When this pin is moved to, or nearly to, one end of the said slot, the
sleeve q is forced forward to the end of its stroke or movement, so that it occupies the
position shown in Figure 13; when the said pin is moved to, or nearly to, the other
end of the said slot, the sleeve q is forced backward over the ends of the radially
sliding blocks K¹ into the position indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 12.
P
q
Surrounding the sleeve is a water-jacket Ŏ through which water may be circulated
to keep the parts cool. This water-jacket is secured to the frame I in any suitable
manner, for instance, by means of screws as shown in Figure 12.
To avoid want of clearness in the drawing, I have omitted from Figure 3 some of
the reference letters pertaining to the threader.
The forked pin r, which imparts reciprocating motion to the sleeve is operated by
means of the lever s which is pivotted at s to the frame A, and is moved, in one
direction, by means of a spring a Figure 6, and, in the reverse direction, by means of
the cam P on the shaft B and the interposed end of the lever Q which operates the
holding jaws as hereinafter described. At the lower end of the lever s there is an
extensions, through which is passed a set-screw b¹, Figures 4, 5 and 6; the inner
end of this set-screw rests in a socket at one end of a toggle-arm e¹, the other end of
this toggle-arm rests in a socket in the lower end of the lever Q; a jointed connection
R

page_text: is thus formed between the said levers s and Q, which connection is adjustable by
means of the set-screw b¹, to regulate the throw or movement of the levers according to
the desired depth of the screw-thread to be formed. The upper end of the lever s is
rounded or made with a cylindrical swell or enlargement s³; the forked pin r engages
with this part of the said lever s, as more clearly shown in Figure 6. The upper end
of the said lever is, moreover, made of sufficient width to permit the said forked
pin to travel to and fro on the same when reciprocating motion is imparted to the
threader.
The head K of the threader is provided with three holes K² extending from the
centre outward, one of which is shown in Figure 13, and which are indicated by
dotted lines in Figure 14; these holes are for the discharge of chips or other small
pieces of metal that may be liberated or detached in the threading operation.
d, d² are the griping or holding dies which are arranged behind the threader; the
die is stationary, while the die d² is movable. The movable die d² is held in the
upper end of the lever Q, which is pivotted upon a stud Q' as shown in Figure 5.
This lever Q is made in two parts q, q², for the purpose of permitting the adjustment
thereof to regulate its stroke or movement. The part is pivottally connected with
the part q¹ by means of the bolt d³; a screw-bolt d' is passed through a hole in the
part q2 and is screwed into a tapped hole in the part q' of the lever Q; a set-screw d³
is, moreover, passed through a tapped hole in the part 2 of the lever Q and bears
against one edge of the part q¹ thereof. By means of these screws or bolts d*, d³, the
parts q, q² can be adjusted relatively to each other to regulate the griping pressure
of the holding dies, and the two parts can be rigidly connected or held together when
adjusted, so that the lever Q will act as if it were formed in a single piece. The
lever Qis provided, at its lower end, with an anti-friction roller q³ which bears against
the cam P.
The rod or wire b is fed, by the mechanism herein before described, through the
aforesaid threader and holding dies. When the desired length of wire has been thus
fed through the said threader and dies, the cam P, acting upon the roller q at the
lower end of the lever Q, closes the holding dies upon the rod or wire, and, at the same
time, through the medium of the lever sand forked pin r, moves the sleeve a back-
ward upon the head K, thereby forcing the threader-rollers inward so that they act
upon the said rod or wire. The threader being revolved by means of the pinion L and
the gearing connected therewith, the threading rollers as they bite the wire will, by
reason of their inclined position, be caused to travel thereon toward the front end of
the machine and to draw the threader-frame with them, so long as the said rollers are
forced against the wire. As soon as the face p¹ of the cam P passes the roller q3 at
the lower end of the lever Q, the said lever and the lever s are released; the spring a¹,
Figure 6, then moves the levers s and Q back to their normal position, thereby
drawing forward the sleeve q and permitting the threading rollers to move out of
contact with the wire, and disengaging the holding dies from the said wire.
The feed-mechanism hereinbefore described moves forward while the griping dies
are holding the rod or wire, and while the threader is operating upon the said rod or
wire and moving forward thereon, but the said feed-mechanism moves forward faster
than the threader. As soon as the threader and holding dies release the rod or wire,
the feed-slide c is again moved backward and another length of the rod or wire is thus
fed through the said threader and holding dies. After it has moved back through a
distance equal to the desired length of the plain portion to be left between each screw-
threaded portion of the wire, the said slide comes in contact with the threader-frame I
and pushes the said frame back to take a fresh hold upon the wire.
To limit the backward movement of the threader, a spring R is firmly secured to
the frame A, and the threader-frame I is provided with a set-screw 41, which is
preferably so adjusted that it comes in contact with the said spring a short time before
the threader has reached the rear end of its stroke or movement, and slightly com-
presses the said spring. The said spring, by its reaction, will then assist the threader
in starting on its return stroke, and this assistance will be afforded while the said
threader is beginning to form the screw-thread. To provide for regulating the time

page_text: when the feed-carriage comes in contact with the threader-frame, I provide the
said feed-carriage with a slotted extension 42 Figure 1, which is secured to the slide c
by means of a bolt a³ passing through the slot in the said extension.
To adapt the machine to form screw-threads on a longer or shorter portion of the
wire, the gearing which drives the pinion L of the threader may be changed like the
gearing of a screw-cutting lathe, to give the threader a greater or less number of
revolutions while the threader-rollers are held in action; the number of threads to the
inch may be regulated by changing the inclination of the axes of the said rollers.
S is a header or heading ram, which carries two heading tools and is given a double
stroke in each complete cycle of operations, and which is arranged to be oscillated,
as, and for the purpose, hereinafter described. The front end of. the ram is bored out
longitudinally to receive two tool-holders 1, 1, which are of semi-cylindrical form,
with the exception that their confronting surfaces are cut away towards the front end
so as to leave them slightly open, as shown in Figure 10, and their outer corners are
cut off at the ends outside of the socket in the ram S. The said tool-holders 1 are
provided with sockets for holding the heading tools 2, 3. The tool 3 is provided with
a transverse rib, as shown in Figure 8, for forming the slots or grooves in the heads
of the screws.
Each of these sockets for the tool-holders extends radially from the
axis on which the said ram oscillates. The heading tools 2, 3 are clamped within the
tool-holders by means of the clamping bolt 4, Figures 10 and 11. This bolt is
inserted in a hole at the side of the socket which receives the holders 1, and one side
of the said bolt is partially cut away so as to conform substantially to the shape of
the socket in the ram as shown in Figure 11; its lower end being thus practically
formed into a wedge.
The said clamping bolt is provided, at its upper end, with a nut 5, the turning of
which in one or the other direction will draw the clamping bolt upward to force the
tool-holders together, or will permit its downward movement to release the said
tool-holders. This manner of holding the heading tools permits the turning of the
tool-holders upon their common axis to bring either of the heading tools 2, 3 into the
desired position as hereinafter specified. The ram S is provided with trunnions 6, 6,
Figures 8, 10 and 11, which have their bearings in slides 7, 7, Figure 1. These
slides move longitudinally to and fro in guide-ways formed in the vertical portions of
angle bars 8, 8, which are secured to the frame A by bolts 9 passed through slots in
the angle bars 8, 8, so that, when these bolts are loosened, the said bars together with
the ram may be adjusted laterally upon the said frame. This lateral adjustment is
effected by means of the set-screws 10, 10. It will readily be seen that, by the
means above described, I an enabled to universally adjust the heading tools. The
tool-holders 1 abut against the straight side of a wedge 11 (Figures 3 and 10) which
is adjustable, by means of a bolt 12 provided with a nut, for the purpose of effecting
the longitudinal adjustment of the heading tools.
Reciprocating motion is imparted to the ram S by means of a crank B₁ on the
main shaft B, a pitman 13, and toggle-arm 14, the throw of the said crank being
sufficient to raise the toggle-arms beyond their point of alignment, so that the header
will, in each upward stroke of the pitman 13, be moved first forward and then back-
ward, and will be again forced forward and backward in the downward or return
stroke of the pitman. This is the ordinary mode of operating a double stroke header,
but my improved mechanism for operating the header differs from that heretofore used
in having the axis of the crank-shaft parallel to the stroke of the ram. To permit the
requisite lateral motion of the pitman 13, that is to say, its motion transversely to the
axis of the shaft B I make the outer ends of the toggle-arms spherical and fit them in
corresponding sockets in the frame A and ram S, so that they are capable of universal
motion. The upper end of the pitman 13 must have a slight forward movement with
the ram; the said pitman is, therefore, jointed at or near its lower end, the two parts
being connected by the bolt 43, Figures 2 and 3.
The ram S has a downwardly extending arm 15, to the lower end of which are
attached a pair of springs 16 which are also attached to the frame A. These springs
are for pulling the ram toward the toggle-arms, and, at the same time, pulling the
المنان

page_text: forward end of the said ram downward. One of these springs is shewn in Figure 2
and the other in Figure 3. The ram is capable of being turned on its trunnions to
bring it into either of three different positions as hereinafter specified, and is
represented in its most elevated position in Figure 3. It is raised into two of these
positions and permitted to fall into the third position by means of the cam 17 and the 5
bent lever 18. The free end of the upper arm of the lever 18 is provided with anti-
friction rollers 19, as shewn in Figures 3 and 8. The lower arm of the said lever is
jointed and provided with a set-screw 20, Figures 2 and 3, whereby it may be
adjusted to raise or lower the rollers 19. The springs 16 hold the ram down so that
it rests upon the rollers 19, except when the lever 18 is in its lowermost position.
The lowermost position of the ram S is regulated or determined by means of a
laterally projecting arm 21 on the ram S; the end of this arm is provided with a set-
screw 22 whose lower end comes in contact with one of the slides 7, which acts as a
stop for limiting the downward movement of the ram, and, in connection with the
springs 16, holds the. said ram in position so that it moves forward in a right line.
Moreover the under surface of the said ram is so formed that, when the ram is in its
intermediate position and rests upon the rollers 19, the said surface will be horizontal,
and, therefore, the ram will move forward in a right line.
The forward toggle-arm is so pivotted or jointed to the ram or header S that the
centre of motion of the said joint is in the same horizontal plane as the axes of the
trunnions 6 of the ram; the force exerted upon the ram to drive it forward is, there-
fore, always brought to bear upon the ram in a direct line with the punches which
radiate from its axis. This part of my invention is applicable in cases where the ram
is connected directly with a pitman for imparting reciprocating motion to it from a
crank or the like.
By attaching the springs 16 for pulling the oscillating ram downwards and back-
wards, to the arm 15 at a point below the axis of the said ram, as shewn, the power of
the said springs in all positions of the ram, is more nearly equalized, that is to say,
when the ram is raised to its most elevated position, the lower end of the arm 15 is
moved forward, relatively to the axis of the said ram, but, at this time, the ram is drawn
backward, so that the springs pull with about the same force as they exert when the
front end of the ram is lower down and further forward.
Figure 3 shews the opposite side of the cam 17 to that shewn in Figure 3.
The heading operation is effected as follows, that is to say-The wire being
griped by the holding dies d', d with the end projected a proper distance through the
same to leave the requisite stock for forming the head, when the surface c² of the
cam 17 comes opposite the lower end of the lever 18, the ram falls to its lowermost
position, so that the end of the set-screw 22 rests upon the upper face of the corre-
sponding slide 7. The pitman 13 is then raised by the crank B', the toggle-arms 14
are straightened or brought into alignment, thereby forcing the ram forward, and
bringing the heading tool 2 against the end of the wire to form a preliminary head, which
is substantially a finished head without the slot or groove. The continued movement
of the pitman 13 carries the toggle-arms 14 upward above the point of alignment, so
that the springs 16 withdraw the ram. The middle or intermediate surface cof
the cam 17 then acts upon the lower end of the lever 18 thereby raising the ram far
enough to bring the heading tool 3 into alignment with the wire. The pitman 13
then descends and again straightens the toggle-arms, thereby forcing the heading tool 3
against the wire and completing the head by forming the slot or groove therein. The
further downward movement of the pitman draws the toggle-arms out of alignment
and permits the springs 16 to draw the ram backward. In the meantime, the
surface of the cam 17 acts upon the lower end of the lever 18 and lifts the ram into
the position shewn in Figure 3. The feeding is effected while the ram or header is
thus raised. It will be noticed that the middle portion of the ram immediately under
the tool-holders 1 is removed or cut away so that the wire may be fed forward under-
neath the heading tools when long screws are being made. A cam 23, which is
formed or fixed upon the shaft B and is provided with two opposite projections, then
strikes the lower ends of the cutting-off levers 24. These levers carry cutting and

page_text: pointing tools 25 which point each screw and cut or sever the same from the wire so
as to leave the requisite amount of metal projecting through the holding dies to form
the head of the succeeding screw.
A device 26, which I will herein terin the "knock-out," is fixed in one end of the
lever 27. This lever is pivotted to the frame A and is connected with springs 28
which have a tendency to pull the said knock-out downward. The rear end of the
lever 27 has coupled thereto a hooked bar 29, whose lower end engages with a cam or
notched disc 30, shewn more clearly in Figures 3 and 3ª. Immediately after the
cutting dies open, the notch in the cam 30 comes opposite the point of the hooked
bar 29, and permits the upward movement of the said bar; the springs 28 then force
the knock-out 26 rapidly downward and thus knock the finished screw out of the
cutting and pointing dies, in case it should have any tendency to stick therein. The
inclined surface of the cam 30 then engages with the pointed end of the hooked bar
29 and draws it downward thereby raising the knock-out 26 clear of the wire, and
holding it thus elevated until the notch in the cam again comes opposite the point of
the said hooked bar. 31 is a guard which fits over the lower end of the hooked bar
and serves to prevent its moving away from the cam 30.
The cutting and pointing dies 25, one of which is shewn in Figure 16, are the same
as those heretofore used in nail-making machines for forming what is commonly
termed the "cut point." They cut off the wire transversely, shave chips from its
sides and swage the point into the desired form. The manner of securing these dies
within the upper ends of the levers 24 is more clearly shewn in Figure 7. They are
capable of adjustment towards each other by means of set-screws 32, and are held in
place by clamping plates 33 which also serve as stops for preventing injury to the
cutting edges of the dies 25 by contact with each other. It will be seen that, when
the dies have severed a screw from the wire, the inner edges of the clamping and stop
plates 33 bear against each other, while their outer edges bear against shoulders
formed in the upper ends of the levers 24. When the dies 25 are properly adjusted
by means of the set-screws 32, and the plates 33 are brought firmly together, the
cutting edges of the said dies cannot meet, therefore injury to the same by their being
forced against each other is avoided. The levers 24 are pivotted on a common centre
by means of fractional or segmental trunnions 34, Figures 3, 4 and 9, and are
adjustable lengthwise of the machine by means of set-screws 35, so that they will
leave a greater or less portion of the wire projecting from the holding dies.
The cutting and pointing dies, as above stated, are forced together by the cam 23
acting against the lower ends of the levers 24. The said dies are opened or moved
apart by the spring 36, Figure 4. By the arrangement of the cutter-levers 24 upon
a common centre, I provide for causing the cutters to act upon the wire on a fine
common to each, and thus avoid the angular drawing action which takes place when
such levers are pivotted upon separate centres.
In Figure 15, I have illustrated a revolving straightener combined with the spindle J
of the threader. This addition necessitates the boring out of the small end of the
spindle J and the insertion of the bushings 37, 38. Between these bushings a radially
adjustable block 39 is inserted in the spindle J which block can be forced inward to
the desired extent by means of the set-screw 40 passing through the body of the
pinion L.
This addition of the rotary straightener can be made without in any
manner changing the construction of the other parts as hereinbefore described, with
the exception of the boring out of the spindle J, the said rotary straightener being
revolved, with the threader, by the pinion L.
To provide for imparting positive motion to the threader in both directions, instead
of pushing it backward by means of the feed-carriage against the spring R, I some
times provide for actuating it by means of a lever operated by a leading cam on the
main shaft B as shown in Figures 17 and 18. The said lever may be operated by a
special cam, but the feed-cam G is suitable for the purpose. This cam is arranged to
operate both the feed-carriage and the threader in the following manner, viz. -An
upright 45 is formed on, or secured to, one of the plates or guides d, and to the upper
end of this upright is pivotted a lever 46. This lever extends down through an

page_text: opening in one side of the threader-frame I, as shown in Figure 17. The lower end
of the said lever is provided with a longitudinal groove which is T-shaped in
transverse section; and a like groove 2 is formed in the upper end of the lever E.
The groove is formed in the opposite side of the lever E to that in which the
groovek, Figures 2 and 3, is formed. The levers E and 46 are connected by means
of the adjustable link 47, which is held in place and adjusted by means of bolts j
whose heads fit within the grooves in the said levers in the manner above described
with reference to the link H which is secured to and adjustable upon the levers E, F.
By means of these levers and adjustable links, the feed-carriage and the threader-
frame will have positive motion imparted thereto in both directions by the cam G
and, at the same time, their relative movement may be regulated as desired. As a
plain or unthreaded portion of the wire has to be left for forming the head of each
screw, the movement of the threader-frame must always be less than that of the feed-
carriage. In many cases, the threader-frame moves only about half the distance
traversed by the feed-carriage. Either of the two modes herein described for moving
the threader-frame may be employed as desired, the other parts of the machine being
the same as first above described.
By adjusting the set-screw b¹ on the lever s so that the threading rollers / will not
be forcibly pressed against the wire, the machine may be used for making wire nails.
When the machine is to be used for this purpose, parts of the threader or, if desired,
the whole threader may be removed from the machine, but it is only necessary to
put the threading rollers out of action in order to adapt the machine for making
threadless nails.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood that I am
aware of the existence of prior Letters Patent for a machine for heading bolts, rivets
and screws and that the specification of the said patent shows an oscillating ram
having heading tools both of which radiate from the centre on which the ram oscillates
and mechanism for elevating the said ram to different heights; I am also aware that
the specification of another prior patent for a machine for heading bolts shows a pair
of toggle-arms with a heading ram formed on, or rigidly attached to, the end of one
of the said arms, a crank-shaft whose axis is parallel to the guides between which
the ram reciprocates, and a pitman connected at one end to the common joint of the
toggle in such a manner as to permit universal motion of the said pitman, and having
also a joint near its crank end; I am also aware that the specification of another prior
patent for wood-screw machines shows a header having two heading tools adapted to
act successively, the tool for finishing the head having a central conical projection to
form a conical depression in the centre of the screw-head; I therefore make no claim
to such devices except in so far as they form a part of the novel combinations
herein described; but I claim
--
First. A machine which is so constructed that it will automatically produce screws
or nails by repeatedly forming screw-threads upon a continuous rod or length of wire
near one end thereof leaving a smooth or plain portion at this end, up-setting this end
to form the nail-head, cutting or severing the headed and screw-threaded piece from
the said rod or wire and pointing the said piece to form the finished screw or nail.
Second. The combination of parts comprising the cam and the grooved levers
pivotted to the frame of the machine one below and the other above the said cam and
connected by an adjustable link, substantially as described, whereby
provide for
operating the feed-carriage or equivalent device and for regulating the movement
thereof, as, and for the purposes, above specified.
Third. The combination of mechanism for intermittently feeding the wire into or
through the machine, a reciprocating threader-frame and a rotary screw-threading
device mounted in the said frame, for the purposes above specified.
Fourth. The combination, with the threader-frame, of a lever pivotted to the frame
of the machine for operating the said threader-frame, a cam and devices connecting

page_text: the said cam and lever, all so arranged that the said threader-frame will have positive
motion imparted to it alternately in either direction substantially as described and for
the purposes specified.
Fifth. The improved mechanism for imparting reciprocating motion to the screw-
threading devices, comprising the lever 46 pivotted to the frame of the machine, the
lever E which actuates the feed-slide c, means for imparting oscillating motion to the
said lever E, and the adjustable link 47 connecting the said levers, substantially as
described and for the purposes specified.
Sixth. The combination, with a screw-threading device comprising radially moving
threading rollers carried by a rotary spindle having also a reciprocating movement,
substantially as described, of mechanism for forcing the said rollers into action upon
the wire and then releasing them, in each to-and-fro movement of the spindle, for
the purpose above specified.
Seventh. The combination of the threader-frame, the spindle J, the rollers
mounted in radially sliding blocks K₁ in the head of the said spindle, the sleeve q,
and the forked pin connected with the said sleeve and passing through an oblique
slot in the said threader-frame, substantially as described, and mechanism for moving
the said pin to and fro within the said slot, as, and for the purpose, specified.
Eighth. The combination, with the forked trip pin r, of the lever s having its end
which engages with the said pin widened lengthwise of the machine to correspond
with the longitudinal movement of the threader, substantially as described and for the
purpose specified.
Ninth. The combination, with the threading rollers mounted in radially sliding
blocks, the sleeve q, and mechanism for alternately forcing the said sleeve over the
said blocks and withdrawing it therefrom, substantially as described, of means for
adjusting the throw of the said sleeve to regulate the depth of the screw-threads
formed by the said rollers.
Tenth. The combination, with the levers provided with the extension ², of the set-
screw and the toggle-arm c¹, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
Eleventh. The combination, with a threader-frame, means for imparting reciprocating
motion thereto, and a rotary screw-threading device mounted in the said frame, of
means for bringing the said screw-threading device into action on the wire during a
part of each to-and-fro movement thereof for the purpose above specified.
Twelfth. The combination, with a rotary screw-threading device, of a rotary wire
straightener formed in the spindle of the said screw-threading device, substantially as
described and for the purpose specified.
Thirteenth. The combination of the rotary screw-threading device, the lever s for
forcing the said device into action upon the wire, the cam P acting on the lever Q for
closing the griping dies, and devices for connecting the said levers s and Q so that
they will be operated by the cam P, substantially as described and for the purposes
specified.
Fourteenth. The combination of the ram or header having a cylindrical bore, the
semi-cylindrical tool-holders fitted therein and having sockets for the heading tools,
and the clamping bolt or its equivalent for securing the said tool-holders in any
desired position within the said ram, substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
Fifteenth. The combination, with the ram or header and tool-holders fitted therein
substantially as described, of means for laterally adjusting the said ram or header, for
the purpose above specified.
Sixteenth. The combination of parts comprising the ram provided with the
trunnions, the slides within which the said trunnions are mounted, the angle-bars
within which guide-ways for the said slides are formed, and the set-screws for

page_text: adjusting the said parts laterally, the said angle-bars being secured to the frame of the
machine by holding screws, all substantially as described and for the purposes
specified.
Seventeenth. The combination of an oscillating ram or header having heading tools
which radiate from the centre of oscillation of the said ram, mechanism for raising
and lowering the said ram, and an arm projecting laterally from the ram and bearing
upon a horizontal surface when the ram is in its lowermost position, substantially as,
and for the purpose, set forth.
Eighteenth. The combination, with the oscillating rani or header mounted in the
slides, and mechanism for imparting reciprocating motion to the said ram, of two
separate rests for the forward end of the said slides acting alternately to hold the ram
at different heights and to guide it in a right line during its forward stroke or
movement by surfaces which are parallel to the said stroke, substantially as, and for
the purpose, set forth.
Nineteenth. The combination, with the ram or header, of the bent lever 18, and the
cam 17 mounted on the shaft B and having three surfaces which act in their turn
upon the said lever, substantially as described and for the purposes specified.
Twentieth. The combination, with the oscillating ram or header, of the arm 15
having its lower end below the axis of the said ram, the spring or springs 16
connected, at one end, to the frame of the machine or other stationary support, and,
at the other end, to the said arm, and mechanism for imparting reciprocating motion
to, and elevating, the said ram, substantially as described and for the purposes
specified.
Twenty first. The combination, with an oscillating ram or header adapted to move
forward in a right line, of the toggle-arms 14, having their outer ends pivotted to the
frame of the machine and to the said ram by ball-and-socket joints, and mechanism
for operating the said toggle-arms, substantially as described and for the purposes
specified.
Twenty second. The combination, with an oscillating ram or header mounted in
slides, substantially as described, of the crank-shaft with its axis parallel to the
reciprocating movement of the said ram, mechanism for operatively connecting the
said crank-shaft and ram, the lever for raising the said ram, and the cam on
the crank-shaft for operating the said lever, all substantially as, and for the purposes,
set forth.
Twenty third. The cutting off levers 24 mounted within the frame of the machine
upon a common centre or fulcrum, substantially as described, and for the purpose
specified.
Twenty fourth. The combination of parts comprising the levers 24, the dies 25, the
stop plates 33 and means for adjusting the said dies relatively to the meeting point of
the said stop plates, all substantially as described, and for the purposes specified.
Twenty fifth. The combination, with a pair of griping dies, of a rotary screw-
threading device having its axis in alignment with the space between the said dies so
that the wire may pass from the said threading device into the griping dies, and
mechanism for operating the said screw-threading device and dies, substantially as
described and for the purposes specified.
Twenty sixth. The combination of the screw-threading device, the griping dies, the
heading ram, and mechanism for operating the same (with or without the cutting off
dies and means for operating them) all substantially as described and for the purposes
specified.
Twenty seventh. The employment of two heading tools adapted to operate alternately
upon the rod or wire, the tool which finishes the head being provided with a slot-
forming rib, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
Twenty eighth. The combination of mechanism for intermittently feeding the wire

page_text: into or through the machine, a threader-frame, mechanism for imparting reciprocating
motion to the said threader-frame, and screw-threading devices having a radial
movement toward and away from the wire and adapted to alternately act upon the
said wire to form a screw-thread and move out of action, all substantially as described
and for the purposes specified.
Twenty ninth. The combination of a ram or header having trunnions upon which it
oscillates, and a toggle-arm or pitman pivotted or jointed to the said ram for moving
it forward, the pivot or joint being formed in axial line with the trunnions on which
the said ram oscillates, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
Thirtieth. The improved machine consisting of the parts constructed and combined
substantially as described with reference to either of the forms or modifications shown
in the accompanying drawings and operating as, and for the purposes, specified.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.