Improvements in Valves for Working Hydraulic Hoists, Cranes, and other Hydraulic Machinery.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 20th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 20th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves for Working Hydraulic Hoists, Cranes, and
other Hydraulic Machinery.
We THOMAS GALLON, Hydraulic Engineer Engineer's Office, Leith Docks, N.B
and JOSEPH CHAPMAN Mechanical Engineer, 9 London Row Leith, N.B., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
Our improvements are for the easy working of the main valve, for lifting and
lowering or starting and stopping hydraulic machinery worked by hand, or in some
cases is applicable to be worked by the machine itself.
The valve is of the slide principle, the main valve being moved by a hydraulic ram,
this ram is worked by a small slide valve, easily moved, which works upon a face
on an enlarged portion of the ram itself, port holes are lead into the ram, which is
hollow at each end, the exhaust port goes through the enlarged portion into the main
exhaust, the main slide is fitted to the enlarged portion of the ram.
The hollow ends of the ram are packed on the outside in the manner of an ordinary
gland, the gland is constructed so as to form a cylinder end as well.
When required for more purposes than lifting and lowering, or starting and
stopping, provision is made in the same casting for a valve for turning a hydraulic
crane, and also for a luffing, tipping, or other purpose valve, the turning valve being
used for this, by instantly changing the water ways for the time being.
By these arrangements we facilitate and cheapen the construction of valves,
diminish the number of pipe connections and save expense and labour in keeping
the valves in order afterwards, one valve seat and cover serving for all the purposes
mentioned.
DOL
1° DL1000
THOMAS GALLON.
JOSEPH CHAPMAN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves for Working Hydraulic Hoists, Cranes, and
other Hydraulic Machinery.
We THOMAS GALLON, Hydraulic Engineer, Engineer's Office, Leith Docks N.B.
and JOSEPH CHAPMAN, Mechanical Engineer 9 London Row, Leith N.B. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
In order that our invention may be definitely understood, and its mode of working
we append drawings.
Fig. 1 is a cross section represented, Fig. 2 a longitudinal section, Fig. 3 pian and
Figures 4 and 5 a section and elevation of an apparatus to change the water ways
for luffing or other purposes.
The sole plate, marked A is a brass casting with pressure ports, R and R¹
cast in.
The port R, is the main pressure supply, and the port K the main exhaust,
serving for the whole system of valves, to be hereafter described, and shown on
the drawings.
The valve port face of the sole plate, having been planed, and made true, a
flat metal plate Q, of extra hard metal also made true, with pressure and exhaust
ports, corresponding to the valve face on the casting, is dovetailed and sweated on
[Priced.

page_text: to the casting, for the main slide valve B, to work upon, which is also of hard
metal and preferably of a different mixture.
The hard metal insures long wear, seldom requiring to be refaced true, or other
attention the bosses in the casting have holes cast in, to receive internal screw
threads into which, the wro't iron or steel connecting pipes, H, H 1, and K are
screwed.
The ram, CCC, cast with hollow ends, is turned on the outside; it has bosses,
or snugs on its centre, to embrace the main slide valve B, which fits into the bosses;
the ram is entirely of hard metal, or, if preferred, a small plate of the same may be
attached in a similar manner, as described for plate Q. to a flattened portion on its top,
for the hard metal slide valve D to work upon, in which case, ordinary gun metal does
for the ram this valve D is worked by its spindle S, by hand lever, and automatically
for a cut off, if desired, by suitable links, rods, and tappets, governed by the machine,
which the main valve B actuates
The small power required for working the main slide valve B, by hand, is acquired
by valve D being a miniature one; its action governs the ram, and the ram works
the main valve, the three port holes which valve D covers may each be only about
three sixteenths of an inch in diameter, and about three quarters of an inch apart, the
outside port holes are bored through into the hollow ends of the ram, which is solid
in the centre.
The centre port hole which is the exhaust one, is drilled about three eighths of an
inch into the ram; exactly opposite, on a flat side and corresponding to the centre of
the main slide B, a larger hole is bored, until the drill point enters the exhaust port
hole.
This larger hole, is an easy fit for a round projection, turned on the back of the
valve B a shallow recess is bored out in the hole, which hole receives an internal
screw thread; a screwed ferrule is made to fit the hole, it has a slit made in it to suit
a screw-driver, a hat leather is put into the recess, and screwed home by the ferrule;
the projection has a hole about a quarter of an inch in diameter, bored
through it, and into the exhaust cavity of the slide, this hole being a continuation of
the exhaust port from the miniature valve D.
The projection on the valve, is put through the hat leather, and the valve sides fit in
between the bosses, or snugs on the ram (, as already described, the water pressure
on the leather makes a perfect joint, one leather will last several years under these
conditions, the valve and leather being fixed in the ram.
There is a wide limit for the sizes of the main valve B, and its ports and ram, the
pressure port may be from one, to three or four square inches in area, or more whilst
valve D, may be of the same size throughout.
The ram ends, C and C1 project through the valve casing, here are made stuffing
boxes, for the packing glands E, E, with closed ends; they are thus glands, and
cylinders combined, and screwed against the packing, by nuts and studs, as usual.
The ram, being larger in the centre on account of its projections, is got into the
brass casing by a larger hole in one end of the casting; this hole is made up by a
brass bush, fitting the ram, a collar on the bush, bearing on the bottom of the
stuffing box, the other end of the collar being turned to stuffing box form.
The spindle S, for valve D, has glands which have the screw on themselves, the other
form would however do equally well; the spindle is in halves, each half is screwed
into a centre piece with collars to hold the valve; the centre piece in position between
snugs on the valve is shown in section Fig. 1.
The action of these valves may be explained as follows: Whatever distance the
valve D is moved, the main valve B moves the same distance, and in the same direction
Suppose the spindle S to be drawn out, the valve D uncovers one of its port holes
the pressure water enters the hollow ram end, and cylinder E 1, pushes the ram and
valve B, opens the exhaust port, letting the pressure from the machine; on pushing
the spindle in, the opposite port hole is uncovered, and valve B pushed, opening th
pressure port R 1, to the machine; these motions are precisely as the valve D receive
its impulse, stopping or starting in any position.

page_text: The brass cover is jointed with gutta percha, as usual, to the sole plate; four strong
holts screw the flanges together, the bolts are few in number, to facilitate the valve's
repair, the joint seldom requires renewal, the bolt holes are shown on the plan Fig. 3.
There are two smaller bolt holes shown, which are required when a turning valve is
used.
In a hoist, or crane, for simple lifting, and lowering motion, or of an engine, or
pump; this valve, as so far described, is sufficient: it may be stated that in using this,
or other form of a slide valve for a crane, the main pressure stop valve, at the machine
should be on the clack valve principle, and also the exhaust stop valve; it might
he weighted, the pressure water holding up the weight, so that if a main pressure
pipe bursts, or the accumulator ceases to act, both valves will close instantly, these
are not new, nor novel, but we make use of them for the purpose of carrying out
our invention.
When turning rams, and cylinders, are added to a crane, we slightly enlarge the
castings, placing a turning valve F, parallel to the main valve B, it has the usual
adjuncts and is worked by its spindle U, similarily to valve D, its three ports are
shown dotted on the plan, the turning pipes P, and P 1, which join the port holes,
are the places for adding more piping to lead to the cylinders, the water from the large
casing, has access to the turning valve casing marked L on the drawing, the exhaust
water goes into the main exhaust port K.
When a luffing ram, and cylinder, or, a tipping ram, and cylinder, or both are added
to a crane, we use a small circular valve, represented by Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 and shown on
plan Fig. 3, it may be called a distributing valve, as it may be used for more purposes
than one, and the description, we will here give as if for luffing.
It has a round brass bottom, with holes cast in, and screwed, for pipes to be attached ;
above the pipes, is the flange, and above the flange is the valve seat.
Where the pipe joins, marked W on the plan, is where the water enters the casing,
which is projected, to clear the port hole, the pressure water, having been admitted
by the turning valve F, presses on the top of the circular valve Z, which is a hard
metal, round casting, with a square recess on its top, to admit the square end of the
spindle M, and a round projection on its bottom, to go into a recess in the valve seat,
to keep it in position; the valve, and seat, are scraped dead true, there are three port
holes in the valve seat, viz. supply and port to turning, & luffing pipes, there is one
port hole in the valve. Referring to the elevation the valve is shown, with its port
over the port in the seat, leading into pipe X, which is one of the turning pipes, and
is as it were the valve's normal position, luffing being seldom performed, in comparison
with turning the jib of a crane. Now when the jib has to be Juffed, or in other words,
lifted or lowered; the spindle M is turned half a turn, turning the valve Z, with its
port hole open to pipe Y, which leads to the luffing cylinder.
We do not confine ourselves to two branch pipes only from this valve, another may
be attached to the opposite side, to which the pipe enters at W, and used for another
purpose, tipping for instance, and the turning valve will answer for it in the same way,
and control its action.
The spindle M has a collar upon it, below its hole in the casing, and a stuffing
box & gland, it can be easily seen that the spindle is put in before the casing is put
on to its seat, the former is easily taken off (having only about three bolts) for the
purpose of refacing the valve, and seat, this valve requires to be, and can be easily
kept, in good order.
Nor do we confine ourselves to one valve only of the Z type, if another was required
for other purposes, it could be attached to the other turning pipe, and the turning
valve F would control its actions, the turning valve having another port, which could
be utilized.
And although we have named, and made use of the turning valve, to illustrate
the use, and action, of the distributing valve, we do not infer that it is only usable
along with the turning valve of a crane; it is adaptable to be used on other hydraulic
machines,
1

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is
1st. Placing the small slide valve on the back of the ram.
2nd. The ram being hollow at each end, for the purpose of port ways: and the
packing glands being closed at their ends.
3rd. The turning valve being in the same casing as the main valve, with main
ports common to both, and the combination of turning valve, for luffing or other
purposes, as herein before described.
Dated this 10th day of Santambor 1800
THOMAS GALLON.
JOSEPH CHAPMAN.