Improvements in Oil Feeding Apparatus for Gas Generators.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 31st Aug., 1895-Accepted, 9th Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Feeding Apparatus for Gas Generators.
I, OLAF NICOLAUS GULDLIN, of Fort Wayne, in the County of Allen, and
State of Indiana, United States of America, Gas Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to feeding hydrocarbon oil in automatically controlled and
measured quantity, under substantially uniform pressure, to the superheater or other
chamber of a water-gas generator.
One of the especial objects of my invention is to supply oil or liquid
hydrocarbon, under pressure, which is automatically regulated to the require-
ments of the apparatus by a governor-valve on the steam supply pipe of the
pump engine, so that a uniform pressure is maintained on the steam piston
thereof, and, consequently, a uniform pressure maintained in the oil delivery
pipe, the pump starting automatically when the pressure falls, and stopping
when the pressure exceeds that to which the governor valve is set. The oil
pump connects by a suitable pipe with an oil tank or reservoir.
Another object of my invention is to automatically register the quantity of oil
delivered by means of a meter, doing away with the necessity of taking records
of the quantity of oil used from a measuring tank and also the necessity of
intermediately filling the tank by a pump, as is now the usual practice. The
meter is connected in the oil delivery pipe leading from the oil pump to the oil
heater.
Another object is to provide for heating the oil by steam and to automatically
control the supply of steam to the heater by means of a governor-valve, by which
absolute economy in the use of steam is secured and also a uniform pressure, of oil
vapor, maintained.
The governor-valve on the steam pipe is automatically
controlled by the pressure in the oil delivery pipe, shutting off steam when-
ever the pressure is raised by the heat above that which is required, and
rice versa.
I use an oil heater which preferably consists of a cylindrical casing, provided
with upper and lower tube sheets in which are set vertical tubes, and above and
below which are formed steam boxes. A steam supply pipe connects with the
upper steam box, and with the lower steam box connects a drain pipe, leading to a
trap. Exhaust steam may be used in the oil heater. An automatic governor-valve
is connected with the steam supply pipe of the beater, an said governor valve is
also connected by a valved pipe with the oil delivery pipe leading from the heater
to the oil injector in the superbeater of the gas apparatus. By means of the pipe,
connecting the oil delivery pipe with the governor-valve, the pressure in the oil
delivery pipe actuates the valve in the governor, thereby wholly or partially
shutting off the supply of steam to the oil heater. When the pressure falls, the
valve automatically opens, again admitting or increasing the supply of steam to
the heater. A superheater of the well known water-gas generator is employed,
and is constructed internally with a carburetting compartment or chamber, having
in the walls thereof oil atomizing injectors or spraying devices with which
connect a circular oil supply pipe to which oil is delivered from the heater above
described.
In connection with my apparatus, I also use a safety relief valve in the pipe

page_text: connection from the inlet of the oil meter to the suction pipe of the oil pump below
the check valve of the latter. This pipe connection is also preferably provided
with a small meter. This pipe connection provides for returning oil to the
storage tank whenever a higher temperature and resultant pressure occurs in
the oil heater, than is desired, and the small meter thereon will record the oil
thus returned. The safety relief valve should be adjusted to open by pressure of
from ten to fifteen pounds in excess of the working pressure of the oil supply.
The oil pump and meter are preferably located above the oil heater.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1894.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Oil Feeding Apparatus for Gas Generators.
I, OLAF NICOLAUS GULDLIN, of Fort Wayne, in the County of Allen and
State of Indiana, United States of America, Gas Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:---
This invention relates to feeding hydrocarbon oil in automatically controlled
and measured quantity under substantially uniform pressure, to the superheating
or other chamber of a water-gas generator.
It is now the common practice, in supplying hydrocarbon oil to the carbureting
chamber or superheater of a water-gas generator, to first pump the oil from the
storage tank into an oil measuring tank having a scaled index, and at the end of
each "run" make a record of the oil used, as shown by the fall of the oil level in
the measuring tank. The height of the oil must be recorded before starting the
"run," the difference in the level being the amount of oil used. This arrangement
requires two or more operations at each "run" in order to keep the record and is
laborious and inaccurate. It is also the practice, in connection with the above
arrangement, to inject the oil supplied to the superheater by a jet of steam. This
plan was never successful, since it was wasteful of oil and the steam present
deteriorated the gas by causing the production of carbonic acid and also interfered
with the proper fixing of the hydrocarbon gas or vapor.
The object of my invention is to overcome these objections and difficulties in the
manufacture of gas and produce greatly improved results, in the uniformity of the
quality or candle power of the gas produced, the economy of oil used and the purity
and permanence of the gas produce i.
One of the particular objects of my invention is to supply oil or liquid hydro-
carbon under uniform pressure which is automatically regulated to the requirements
of the apparatus by a governor on the steam supply pipe, so that a uniforia pressure
is maintained on the steam piston, and, consequently, a uniform pressure maintained
in the oil delivery pipe, the pump starting automatically when the pressure fulls
and stopping when the pressure exceeds that to which the governor valve is set.
Another object of my invention is to automatically register the quantity of oil
delivered by means of a meter,-doing away with the necessity of taking records
of the quantity of oil used from a measuring tank and also the necessity of
intermediately filling the tank by a pump as is now the usual practice.
Another object is to provide for heating the oil, by steam and to automatically
control the supply of steam to the heater by means of a governor valve by which
absolute economy in the use of steam is secured and also a uniform pressure of oil
or oil vapor maintained. The governor valve on the steam pipe is automatically
controlled by the pressure in the oil delivery pipe, shutting off steam whenever the
pressure is raised by the heat above that required and vice versa.

page_text: In connection with my apparatus, I also provide a safety relief valve in the pipe
connection from the inlet of the meter to the suction pipe of the oil pump below
the check valve of the latter. This provides for returning oil to the storage tank
whenever a higher temperature and resultant pressure occurs in the oil heater than
is desired. By means of this arrangement the meter will record oil returned by
registering backward. I may use a separate small meter for recording oil which is
returned to the storage tank, by back pressure, through the relief valve. The
safety relief valve should be adjusted to open by pressure of from ten to
fifteen pounds in excess of the working pressure of the oil supply.
In carrying out my invention, I preferably heat the oil by exhaust steam from
the engine used in driving the blower or fan which supplies air to the generator,
and in practice, such steam has been found to be not only sufficient to heat the oil
to a suitable temperature, but a portion of such steam has also been used to heat
feed water to the boiler.
The matter constituting my invention will be defined in the claims.
I will now particularly describe my apparatus by reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which,—
Figure 1 represents an elevation of the oil feeding apparatus in connection with
the superheater of a water-gas apparatus ;
Fig. 1 represents a sectional detail of a pressure regulating valve;
Fig. 2 represents a top plan view of the apparatus ;
Fig. 3 represents an elevation of a part of the apparatus;
Fig. 4 represents an elevation of a part of the apparatus showing a governor
connecting with the oil heater ;
Fig. 4 represents a sectional detail of the governor valve.
The superheater, B, is of that kind which is usually employed in water-gas
generators and consists of an iron jacket or shell having a lining of firebrick
and a filling of fire brick or tile checker-work, and it has near the bottom an
inlet pipe, b, by which it connects with the generator, not here shown. The
superheater is provided internally with the carburetting compartment or chamber,
and at about the top of such chamber are connected the oil atomizing injectors, a,
arranged in the wall and having connecting with them the circular oil supply
pipe O, the branch connections of which are provided with valves o.
injectors, a, are also provided with the usual valves, having hand wheels, as
shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The oil supply pipe O, connects the heater C, with
the annular pipe, O', and is provided with an operating valve, p, the stem of
which extends up into the floor stand pipe p'. A steam supply pipe S, having
a valve, s, connects with pipe O, and the stem of said valve projects up into
the floor stand s', the said stands, p² and s¹ being secured to the operating floor.
The
The oil heater, C, preferably consists of a cylindrical casing supported in a
suitable frame, and provided with upper and lower tube sheets, into which are set
the tubes, c, and above and below which are formed the steam boxes c and c¹.
The steain inlet pipe D, connects with the upper steain box, c, and the drain or
exhaust pipe D', connects with the lower box c¹, and such pipe inay connect at
the bottom with a steam trap, d", as shown in Fig. 4.
I have found that exhaust steam from the engine which is used in driving the
air blower, may be successfully used to heat the oil in the heater C, and propose
to use such steam for that purpose by conducting it through the tubes, cl, of the
heater. I also use live steam for heating the oil and in connection with a live
steam pipe, employ a governor valve for automatically controlling the supply of
steam in proportion to the pressure of vapor in the oil heater and in the oil
delivery pipe, said pressure serving to automatically actuate the governor valve
and shut off steam whenever the pressure is raised above that required, and
The governor valve E, connecting with steam supply pipe D, and
heater C, is shown in Fig. 4. Governor valve E, is connected at the top by a
pipe, d, having a valve, d', with pipe O.
vice versa.
Oil is drawn from the storage tank T, by pump F, aud is thence forced through

page_text: meter M, into the oil heater C. The pump F, and meter M, are suitably supported
on the bracket or other device and the pump connects by a pipe, L, having a check
valve,, with oil tank, T, and also by pipe, f, with meter M. A steam supply
pipe, I, connects with the steam cylinder of the pump and is provided with a
governor or reducing valve, G, which automatically maintains a uniform steam
pressure on the piston, and consequently, a fixed pressure in the oil delivery
pipe f.
The governor valve, G, (Fig. 1A) is provided internally with a valve, g, a coiled
spring, g', which tends to raise the valve from its seat, ani a pressure diaphragm h.
The hand wheel, H, and stem, /, connect with the valve for properly adjusting
and setting it to the desired pressure. The delivery pressure of steam or other
fluid bears upon the diaphragm, tending to draw the valve, g, toward its seat.
In opposition to th's the spring tends to open the valve until there is an equilibrium
established between these two forces.
It will be understood that when the tension of the spring is proportioned to the
pressure bearing on the diaphragm, a constant and uniform discharge of steam is
insured and, therefore, a uniform pressure exerted upon the piston of the steam
cylinder, so that a constant and uniform stream or supply of oil is pumped from
tank T and is registered by the meter, M, as it flows into the heater, C.
In case the oil becomes heated to too high a temperature and there results a
higher pressure than desirable, the safety relief valve, n, will be opened permitting
part of the oil to flow back through pipe N to the suction pipe L, below the
check-valve, l, thus relieving the excessive pressure. Under the above conditions
the meter will credit the oil returned by registering backward. The safety relief
valve is preferably adjusted to automatically open by a pressure of from ten to
fifteen pounds in excess of the working pressure of the oil supplied to the
superheater.
In order to guard against an excessive pressure in the oil heater and pipes, I
provide the governor valve E, having internally suitable seats and valves, e; also a
coiled spring connecting with the valve stem, as shown in Fig. 44. An equalizing
pipe, d, connects pipe, d, with a part of the casing containing the coiled springs
below. By means of the pipe, d, connecting pipe, O, with the top of governor E,
the pressure in the oil delivery pipe actuates the valve e. In the governor, thereby
wholly or partially shutting off the supply of steam to the heater. When the
pressure falls, the valves automatically open again admitting or increasing the
supply of steam to the heater. The governor valve is adjusted to close at a
lower pressure than the safety relief valve, n, but still at a greater pressure than
is required in the oil delivery pipe for properly forcing and spraying the oil
through the injectors, a, leading into the fixing chamber.
The quantity of oil delivered to the fixing chamber or other part of the gas
apparatu in a given time, is regulated by the adjustable injector valves and a
corresponding pressure maintained by the pump.
サラ
After the valves and the pressure of the pump have once been adjusted, the
operator only has to open wide the operating valve, p, in oil pipe 0, for each gas
making **ri!!!
under the ordinary working condition. The work of the operator
is thus greatly implified, pu sibilities of error in records of all pre elainate, and
a. uniform supply of oil is in ured with resultant uniformity in the quality or camlle
power of the gas made. The use of my apparatus also prevents irregularities in
reports, by competing operators, of the quantity of the oil used, and at the same
time affords facilities for recording the quantity of oil used during each "run" for
test records or other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1
1. The combination with the superheater of a grapparatus, of an oil injector in
the wall, thereof, a steam heated oil heater having a steam sunule ning on oil

page_text: delivery pipe connecting the heater with the injector, a governor valve connecting
the heater with said steam supply and oil delivery pipes, and means for supplying
oil under pressure to the heater, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a superheater, of an oil injector, a steam heated oil
heater, having steam and oil supply pipes, a meter on said oil supply pipe, means
for forcing oil under pressure through the meter and heater to the injector and
suitable pipe connections, substantially as described.
3. The combination with a superheater of an oil injector, an oil heater having
suitable supply and delivery pipes, a meter connected in the supply pipe, a steam
pump for forcing oil under pressure to the superheater, and an automatic governor
valve on the steam induction pipe of said pump for maintaining a uniform pressure
of oil in the delivery pipe, substantially as described.
4. The combination with the superheater having an oil injector, of an oil heater,
a meter, a steam pump having an automatic governor valve, an oil tank, suitable
pipe connections between said devices, a return pipe connecting the delivery pipe
with the suction pipe of the pump and having a safety relief valve for automatically
returning oil in case of excessive pressure in the apparatus, substantially as
described.
Datcu CHISCOD day
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.