A NEW METHOD OR ART OF USING AND WORKING PUMPS AS WELL ON BOARD OF SHIPS AS ON LAND, RUBBING BOARDS USED IN BLEACHING, AND ALL OTHER MECHANICAL MACHINES OR ENGINES OF SIMILAR NATURES OR CONSTRUCTIONS BY MEANS OF A CYLINDER WITH ITS APPURTS
Year: 1788

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FULTON, of Broommuir, near Beath, in the Shire of Air, in North Britain,
Manufacturer of Thread (but now in London), send greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said William Fulton, did by my Petition humbly represent
to His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third that I had, by long
study and application, and after much trouble, labour, and expence, found out
and discovered "A NEW METHOD OR ART OF USING AND WORKING PUMPS AS WELL
ON BOARD OF SHIPS AS ON LAND, RUBBING BOARDS USED IN BLEACHING, AND ALL
OTHER MECHANICAL MACHINES OR ENGINES OF SIMILAR NATURES OR CONSTRUCTIONS
BY MEANS OF A CYLINDER WITH ITS APPURTS," invented and constructed by me,
the said William Fulton, whereby, or by the operation whereof, such pumps,
rubbing boards, and other mechanical machines or engines aforesaid, could
be used and worked with greater facility and better effect, success, and ad-
vantage than theretofore; which said Invention or art I, the said William
Fulton, had brought to perfection, so as to be of general utility and benefit
to His said Majesty's subjects of this Kingdom; that I, the said William
Fulton, was the first and true Inventor of the said art or Invention, and that
the same had never been made or used by any other person or persons to the
best of my knowledge and belief; I did therefore most humbly pray His
Majesty that He would be graciously pleased to grant unto me, my exors,
admors, and assigns, His Majesty's Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal

page_text: of Great Britain, for the sole use, benefit, and advantage of my said Invention,
within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England,
His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also within
His Majesty's Plantations abroad, for the term of fourteen years, according
to the Statute in that case made and provided; His said Majesty, being
willing to give encouragement to all arts and inventions which might be for
the public good, was graciously pleased to condescend to my request; and
therefore, by His Royal Letters Patent under the great Seal of Great Britain,
bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-third day of May, in the twenty-eighth
year of His reign, of His-especial grace, certain knowledge, and mere motion,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, did give and grant unto me, the said
William Fulton, my exors, adññors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said William Fulton, my exors, adññors,
and assigns, and every of us, by ourselves or by our deputy or deputies, servants
or agents, or such others as I, the said William Fulton, my exors, admors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term of years therein and herein-after expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my said Invention,
within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England,
His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also within
His Plantations abroad, in such manner as to me, the said William Fulton,
my exors, adñors, and assigns, or any of us, should in our discretions seem
meet; and that I, the said William Fulton, my exors, adiñors, and assigns,
should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity,
and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accruing, and arising,
by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years therein and
herein-after mentioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said license,
powers, privileges, and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned to
be granted unto me, the said William Fulton, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the
date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to
be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and
provided; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if I, the
said William Fulton, should not particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to
be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar
month next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters: Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever

page_text: thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void, anything
therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding,
as in and by the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in obedience to the said Letters Patent, and the
proviso therein contained, I, the said William Fulton, do hereby describe
and ascertain the nature of my aforesaid Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, in manner following (that is to say):
In the space No. 1, in the margin of these Presents, is contained a view of
the cylinder, with its appurts applied to pumps, wherein A represents the
cylinder, round, which, in the direction from B; B, is a groove which receives
a strong pin or roller (either of which may be applied in proportion to the
friction), placed at the bottom of and projecting horizontally from the pendulum
lever C, which is fixed perpendicularly to the center of the beam D, D, to
each end whereof the piston rods are hung. The cylinder being turned with
the handles at each end of it, E, E, or one of them only, or by the application
of wheels thereto, to be turned either by water or horses, according to the
situation and size of the pumps, and the force required, the pin or roller at the
bottom of the pendulum lever C is forced through the groove, and in passing
half round, one end of the beam D, D, rises, and the other end descends,
and in passing the other half round the motion is reversed; so that in .one
complete revolution of the cylinder each pump is fully acted upon, and dis-
charges the fluid through the spouts to be placed for that purpose. The
method of working single pumps by means of this cylinder and its appurts, is
exactly the same; for by fixing the pendulum lever, with the pin or roller at
the bottom as before described, to the center of the lever or handle of a
single pump (such lever or handle moving on its center), and the cylinder
being turned, the pin or roller will be forced through the groove, and in going
once round will raise and fall the lever or handle of the pump, and thereby
discharge the fluid from the spout.
In the space No. 2, in the margin of these Presents, is a view of the cylinder,
with its appurts applied to rubbing boards used in bleaching, wherein A repre-
sents the cylinder, and B, B, B, the groove which receives the pin or roller
fixed at the end of, and under the arm D, which is fixed to the upright shaft E,
which moves between the two pieces F, F, near the bottom of which upright
shaft is fixed the cross bar G, G, at each end whereof are placed the two
pieces H, H, each moveable on two centers, one to the cross bar, and the
other to the upper rubbing boards I and K. The cylinder being turned by
any
of the means before mentioned with respect to pumps, the pin or roller

page_text: fixed to the arm D is forced through the groove, and in passing half round
causes the rubbing board I to be drawn forward and the rubbing board K
to be thrown back, and in passing the other half round reverses the motion,
so that in one complete revolution of the cylinder each of the two rubbing
boards is moved once forward and once backward. For the sake of shewing
the motion of the boards more clearly, the other apparatus belonging to the
frame of the rubbing boards is omitted in the View. All the parts of both the
Views are drawn upon a scale of one inch to a foot, on which scale the diameter
of the cylinder is drawn to be seventeen inches, its whole length thirty-three
inches, the length of the groove twenty-seven inches, the breadth of the groove
two inches, and its depth two inches and an half; to which breadth and depth
of the groove, the pin or roller forced through it must be fitted. By this
scale the size of the cylinder and its appurts in the application thereof to
pumps and rubbing boards of greater or lesser sizes and dimensions, and to
all other mechanical machines or engines of similar natures or constructions,
must be governed. The materials of which the cylinder, its groove, and the
pin or roller are to be made, may be different according to the size and bore
of the pumps, and to the size of the rubbing boards, or other machines or
engines, and the greater or lesser friction of the pin or roller upon the groove,
which must, of course, be in proportion to the weight to be raised by the
pumps, and to the coarseness or thickness of the cloth or other commodity to
be rubbed by the rubbing boards, and also to the force required to work
other mechanical machines or engines of similar natures or constructions.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Fulton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of June, in the twenty-eighth
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender
of the Faith, &c., and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
hundred and eighty-eight.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-third day of June, in
the year of our Lord 1788, the aforesaid William Fulton came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according
to the tenor of the Statutes made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-third day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight.