Improvements in the Method of Binding Together the Framework of Windows or other similar Structures.
Year: 1894

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of Binding Together the Framework
of Windows or other similar Structures.
I, ROBERT CUSSONS, of 2 Washington Street, Bradford, in the County of
York, Shop Fitter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide a neat corner piece for the window
frame of shop fronts, offices, banks, public buildings, show cases, or where-ever it
inay be required for a similar purpose, which, whilst capable of being more easily
fixed, will also be stronger and more durable than the arrangements at present in
use, whether the latter are made essentially of wood, or of wood and metal
combined.
In order that my invention and the improvements effected thereby may be more
readily understood, I will describe the most ordinary method in use, and point out
several defects therein which are obviated by my invention, and the manner in
which this is done, reference being made to the accompanying sheet of drawings
forming part of this Complete Specification.
It
Usually the corner piece of the window frame has been made entirely of wood,
bolted together. The objects to be attained are somewhat conflicting. It is
necessary that the framework should be strong, and yet of light construction.
must have sufficient strength and durability to hold together firmly the heavy
sheets of plate glass, and yet be small in section, so as not to diminish the window
space, or obstruct the light. In shop windows, to which my improvements more
especially refer, the corner of the framework at the shop entrance has usually 4 or
more pieces of wood joined together anglewise by bolts; and also sometimes a
fifth piece, called a corner-block," receiving the angle bar and bolted or otherwise
secured to the framework to give greater strength to the joint. The principal
defects of this arrangement are the great cost, the inherent weakness, and the
liability to injury by rot. It is costly because of the great amount of work
involved in making the joint firm and neat; it is liable to injury by rot because the
method does not effectually prevent water from getting to the ends of the various
pieces of wood forming the joint, and to the bolts by which they are held together;
and unless made of very large proportions, it is impossible to attain the necessary.
degree of strength.
In my improved arrangement the corner joint is a combination of wood and
metal. The latter material is used to form a sheath or covering for the 4 or more
wood pieces of which the window frame may be constructed; and is of such a
shape that the woodwork needs neither tenoning, nor bolting, but only butting
together, provision being made for readily and securely fastening the wood to the
metal, the whole forming a simple, strong, durable, and well-protected joint. The
sheath prevents the entrance of moisture, and is so made that in addition to forming
a substantial foundation to effectually keep the wood in place, it also affords a
ready support for the sign board during the day, and for a gate during the night.
In the sheet of drawings attached
Fig. 1 shews in elevation the corner joint complete.
2
"
"
"
plan the same.
3
elevation the details

page_text: Fig. 7 shews by elevations and plan the same for the gate.
a form of sheath for top corner of frame.
"plan the same.
"
8
"
"
9
"
"
"
The corresponding parts in all the figures are marked with the same letters, as
follows:-
G is the plate glass. S is the sheath, made with or without the extension E, Fig. 1
for bottom window frame. P is the angle piece in same. SB is the stall-board.
B is the bead. A is the angle bar. F is the frame. K is the sign board. T is
the fixing for gate. Q shews the angle piece P in another position. V shews the
fins which might take the place of P or Q.
From these figures it will be understood that the stall-boards S B and the
frames F are fastened together lengthwise in the usual manner by screws; but
instead of being bolted at the ends forming the corner, they are simply mitred and
put into the sheath S, and held there with two or more screws at N, and through
the bottom of the sheath; or, when the angle piece P is not used, by screws
through the bottom of the sheath only. In this way the whole corner joint is made
firm and secure in a very ready and effective manner. The glass G is put in and
secured by the bead B and the angle bar A in the usual way. In the sheath Sa
hole H is provided for fixing the signboard K or the gate T. This hole may be
continued through the wood and through the bottom of the sheath as shewn in the
sketch, or the metal of the sheath may be thickened at that point and the hole
"cored
through it, so that any moisture passing inward cannot come in contact
with the woodwork.
و"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First. The metal sheath in form of a casing substantially as shewn in the
drawings, with angle-piece P in one with the bottom plate of same; and with
provision for fixing the moveable sign-board and gate.
Second. The metal sheath in form of a casing substantially as shewn, but with
the angle piece P placed nearer the centre of the sheath as at Q, Fig. 5, instead
of at the inner edge.
Third. The metal sheath in form of a casing substantially as shewn, but without
angle piece P, and with, or without, fins. See V. Fig. 5.
Fourth. The method of making the corner joints of window frames, or any other
similar structures, whether specifically mentioned herein or not, by the combination
of a simple joint in the woodwork with a metal sheath to bind the woodwork
together, and to form a protection from moisture or other injury, substantially as
shewn in the drawings, and as described in this Specification.
Dated this Fourteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and ninety-four.
ROBERT CUSSONS.