Improvements in Roofing and other Tiles.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Feb., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 4th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 9th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roofing and other Tiles.
I, WILLIAM SHEARS, of The George and Dragon Hotel, Thames Ditton, in
the County of Surrey, Licensed Victualler, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:
-
This invention relates to improvements in roofing and other tiles.
In carrying my invention into effect, 1 form upon the underside of each tile and
at the upper end thereof, a lug or lugs adapted to book over the adjacent lath or
bearer, and, at about the centre of its length, and, also upon the underside, I
form the tile with a bead or ledge which is upon its upper side bevelled or round
and upon its lower side square or it might be undercut, and shaped like a flattened V,
that is, rising slightly from the centre towards each end thereof, whilst I form the
upper end of each tile of the opposite shape, so that it will fit into the inverted V
formed by the meeting ribs of two adjacent tiles.
The tiles may depend for their support upon the lugs and beads or ledges, or they
may, if necessary, be nailed to the laths or bearers in the customary manner.
By the employment of tiles constructed as above described, I obtain a much
more perfect roof than heretofore, the peculiarly shaped bead or ledge in com-
bination with the shaped ends of the tiles making a joint which will effectually
exclude drifting rain or snow, and, to a great extent, shut out draught.
Although I have described my invention as applied to the roofs of buildings, it
will be evident that it is equally applicable to walls or other structures.
Dated this 11th day of February 1893.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Roofing and other Tiles.
I, WILLIAM SHEARS, late of The George and Dragon Hotel, Thames Dittou,
but at present residing at Byfleet, both in the County of Surrey, Licensed Victualler,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My said invention relates to improvements in roofing and other tiles.
In carrying my invention into effect, 1, in some cases, form upon the underside
of each tile and at the upper end thereof, a lug or lugs adapted to hook over the
adjacent lath or bearer, and, at about the centre of its length, and also upon the
underside, I form the tile with a bead or ledge which is upon its upper side bevelled
or rounded and upon its lower side square or it might be undercut, and shaped like
a flattened V, that is, rising slightly from the centre towards each end thereof,
whilst I form the upper end of each tile of the opposite shape, so that it will fit
into the inverted V formed by the meeting beads or ledges of two adjacent tiles.
The tiles may depend for their support upon the lugs, and beads or ledges, or,
they may, if
be nailed to the laths or bearers in the customary
manner.
necessary,
And, in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying drawings, more fully
to describe the same.

page_text: Figure 1 represents an underside view of a group of tiles constructed and fitted
together according to the present invention.
Figure 2, is a section taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 1. representing the
application of the tiles to the roof of a building.
Figure 3, is a plan of one of the tiles separately.
Figure 4, is an underside view, and,
Figure 5, is an edge view thereof.
In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
a. represents the body of the tile which is formed upon the underside, and at the
upper end thereof with two lugs a', or, a single central lug might be employed
adapted to hook over the adjacent lath or bearer b. carried by beams or rafters c,
in the usual way.
At about the centre of the length of the tile a. and also upon the underside is
formed transversely thereof a bead or ledge a² which is upon its upper side bevelled
or rounded as will be seen more particularly on reference to Figure 5, whilst upon
its lower side the bead or ledge a² is formed square, or it might be undercut and
shaped like a flattened V, that is to say, it rises slightly from the centre towards
each end thereof, whilst the upper end as of each tile is formed of the opposite
shape to the bead a² so that it will fit into the inverted V, formed by the meeting
ribs a of two adjacent tiles a, as represented more particularly at Figure 1.
The tiles a. may depend for their support upon the lugs a¹ and beads or ledges a³,
or, they may, if thought necessary, be nailed to the laths or bearers b. in the
customary manner for which purpose nail holes are provided at the upper part
of each tile a, and, in the latter case the lugs may be dispensed with.
By the employment of tiles constructed in the manner above described, a much
more perfect roof is obtained than heretofore, the peculiar shaped bead or ledge a'
in combination with the shaped ends a' of the tiles, making a joint which will
effectually exclude drifting rain or snow, and which, to a great extent, shuts out
draught.
Furthermore the tiles are entirely self-supporting and no strain is thrown upon
the nails if such be used, pugging is not needed, nor are felted or bordered roofs
required, whilst the weight of the roof is materially reduced.
Although I have herein before described my invention as applied to the roofs of
buildings, it will be evident that it is equally applicable to walls or other structures,
and it will also be evident that although the bead or ledge a' and the upper part a³
of the tile in the accompanying drawings take a V shaped form, such parts
might be shaped in the opposite way to that hereinbefore shown and described,
that is to say, the upper part of the tile might be recessed to receive a
projecting bead.
Or, in lieu of the flattened V, form given to the upper part a' of the tile and to
the bead a², a curved, fluted, waved or undulating form might be given to such
parts without departing from the spirit of my invention but the form shown in the
accompanying drawings is that which I prefer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A roofing or other tile formed with a bead or ledge upon its underside at
about the centre of its length of the form of a flattened V, or of equivalent shape,
and at its upper end formed of an opposite shape, that is to say, like an inverted
but flattened V or its equivalent and provided with means of suspension,
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. A roofing or other tile formed with a bead or ledge upon its underside at about
the centre of its length of the form of a flattened V or of equivalent shape and at

page_text: its upper end formed of an opposite shape, that is to say, like an inverted
flattened V or its equivalent and provided with a lug or lugs to engage a lath or
bearer, substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated this 4th day of November 1893.
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.