IMPROVE-* MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN REPRODUCING DESIGNS IN TAPESTRY OR WOOL WORK
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clark, of 58, Chancery Lane, in the County"
of Middlesex, Engineer & Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-*
MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN REPRODUCING DESIGNS IN TAPESTRY OR WOOL
WORK." A communication from abroad by Mr. Charles Louis Roguier,
of Paris, in the Empire of France, Merchant.
Sealed the 15th February 1861, and dated the 24th August 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th August
1860.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer & Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said.Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN REPRODUCING DESIGNS IN TAPESTRY OR.
WOOL WORK," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the reproduction of all kinds of patterns: or
designs, engravings, or others in Berlin, or other wool-work by means of an.
apparatus which exhibits stitch by stitch the different wools: to be employed..
Thus I am enabled to do away with the paper patterns or designs: placed onc
the canvass, and this without altering the manner of working in the least..

page_text: Fig. 1, Sheet 1, shows a vertical section of the principal part of this Inven-
tion; a, case enclosing the several parts; b, bearings in which rollers f turn
furnished at their ends with knobs to permit of their being turned on these
rollers, and near the knobs I place ratchet wheels to prevent the rollers from
turning by the strain produced, by a sheet of a certain thickness when stretched.
I may also place a ratchet on one of the rollers & a spring in the hollow part
of, the other roller.. The pattern to be copied is placed on a cloth fixed, as
seen at Fig. 1, in grooves in the rollers and filled by a segment of similar
dimensions; c, parts serving to support the rollers f; d, plate on which the
pattern rests supported by brackets e. The cloth on which the pattern is
applied has at the left of it a numerical division, & at the centre is traced a
line, which should correspond with the centre of the pattern; h, h, springs
forming a catch for closing the frame. Fig. 2 shows the other side of the
box or case; a', divided frame on which the pattern is placed; 6¹ upright, which
is grooved in order to receive the_movable thread carrier c¹; the tension of the
thread is produced by means of a key bolt d'. Figs. 6 & 7 represent this
thread carrier full size; e, upright on which are placed the pegs to-which
the threads are attached; ff, mortises made in the uprights, &-b; g
upper cross bar pierced with five holes for the passage of bolts i; h, h, parts
of copper in which the springs h take, as seen in Fig. 1; k, cross-pieces
carrying two tenons 1, which lodge in mortises, seen in dotted lines Fig. 1 ;
m, cross bar sliding in mortises ff, which may be brought, nearer to, or
receded from the the cross piece 9 by means of bolts . The threads may be
arranged in different ways by varying the diameter of the pegs, or their dis-
tances so as to form squares divided into tens by a coarser thread. These
squares may be of larger or smaller size, as seen at Figs. 6 & 7; Fig. 3 is a
section of the apparatus showing the box for holding the balls of wool; Fig. 4
is a cross section of the apparatus" complete, that is to
with the
say,.
attached; ', double claw foot; m², bar serving as a rest for the loom, held in
position by means of a. cord n; p, movable turning piece, on which is mounted
the embroidering frame g; the latter is rendered movable or fixed by bolts's; s.
Fig. 1.is. a view of the apparatus: complete..
loom
-32-
In Sheet 2 is represented a similar apparatus applicable for copying pictures
or other patterns, which do not permit of being rolled up. Fig. 1 shows the
apparatus. complete; a, plate on which the pattern is placed, for which may
bé substituted the frame of a picture; b metal bar serving as a guide: fixed by
means of screws to the frame; d, conducting screw turning: in bearings
receiving its motion, from: a hand wheel e; h, nuts set in motion: by screw d

page_text: they are adjusted on the regulator; i, slides formed of a piece with the nuts;
they are furnished with screws for fixing rods k, which pass into their interior,;.
jj, needles serving to indicate on the regulator the progress of the frame;
k, k, metal rods serving as guides for the apparatus, having notches which
determine its regular advance held at their extremities by means of cross bar n;
o, subdivided frame; p, upper cross piece having a hole pierced for the passage
of bolt q; r,,lower cross bar carrying the subdivided threads furnished with
spring catch which takes in notches of rods k,, and which may be regulated by
hand; a, a, metal plates fixed to the frame sliding on rods k with openings for
showing the numbers marked on each notch. Figs. 3, 4, & 5, show an arrange-
ment of the apparatus in a portable form to be enclosed in a box.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed-
by the said William Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
February 1861.
:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,. Engineer & Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of August, in, the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty; in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant. unto me,
the, said William Clark, Her special licence that I, the said William Clark,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
.time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the. term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland; the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN, APPARATUS USED IN REPRODUCING DESIGNS IN TAPESTRY OR WOOL
WORK," a communication from abroad by Mr. Charles, Louis Roguier, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, Merchant, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Clark, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and-
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clark, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be-per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
'statement, reference being had to the Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed
'and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
. 'This Invention relates, 1st, to a method by which persons skilled in
'ordinary wool work may reproduce exactly all kinds of designs, including
water-color drawings, paper hangings, engravings, oil and other paintings.
2ndly, to an apparatus for facilitating this reproduction, which indicates -stitch
by stitch the different shades of wool to be employed for the purpose of
obtaining an exact copy of the pattern; it also permits of correcting any errors
_caused by persons being imperfectly acquainted with this kind of work.
3rdly, to supersede the use of designs made on paper ruled in squares, which
ordinarily serve as copies for wool-work, and are always expensive, while at
the same time they form a very imperfect copy of the object to be reproduced,
which is difficult of execution, and does not produce the artistic and graceful
effect offered by nature. 4thly, also of superseding the use of designs on
canvas made in outline, shaded, colored, or indicated by long threads of different
colored wools, showing the shades required for filling up the work in the
ordinary wool stitch. These various methods of proceeding leave much to be
desired, as hitherto the designs in wool work have produced but negative
-results, especially when attempting to copy a flower, landscape, portrait, or
.other object having no squares formed on it corresponding to the spaces of the
canvas.
.
The materials and method of operating according to this Invention are the
same as in ordinary, as far as regards the use of canvas, wool, and needles,
the improvement being the facility afforded for copying all sorts of colored.
Idesigns which may be obtained anywhere at very. little expense, instead of
using those made on the canvas, or on ruled squares of paper as usual. It is
only necessary to choose a subject, paper hangings, for instance, would furnish
a good supply, and by the judicious arrangement of the parts; a charming
copy may be obtained superior to the pattern, as possessing the softness and
brilliancy of wool.
The apparatus to be hereinafter described is of simple construction, and
very easy of application, is of small size and inexpensive, while its elegant
form fits it for the drawing room. In-the annexed Drawings are represented

page_text: several of the most suitable arrangements of the apparatus, which I term
quadrillateur."
.66
Sheet 1, Fig. 1, shows an elevation of the box or case containing the
apparatus, also showing the two conducting rollers for the pattern to be
copied; Fig. 2 shows an elevation of the so-called "quadrillateur," or dividing
frame; Fig. 8, longitudinal elevation of the apparatus furnished with a recep-
tacle for the wool divided into small compartments. Two of these compart-
ments, one on each side, are made longer than the others for the purpose of
holding the various articles required for the work; Fig. 4 is a lateral vertical
section of the apparatus complete, and Fig. 5 shows a front elevation of the
apparatus complete, while Figs. 6 & 7 show the wire carriers, and the method
of attaching them, also showing the method of keeping the wires in tension,
-as also the disposition of the pins for the purpose of altering the size of the
squares when required; Fig. 8 is a cross section of one of the rollers, showing
the method of attaching the web thereto.
Fig. 1, Sheet 2, represents a front elevation of the apparatus used for
"squaring" the surfaces of oil paintings or other objects not suitable for
rolling, & Fig. 2 an end view of the same; Fig. 3 shows a transverse section
of one of the portable "squaring" apparatus, showing the case and method of
closing the same; while Figs. 4 & 5 show front and side elevations of the
machine in position for working.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, a, represents a box or case of wood or metal for containing
the apparatus carrying the pattern to be copied; b, bearings supporting the
axes of the rollers of wood, and attached to the base of box a by screws';
c, caps of the bearings, also of wood, connected thereto by means of a screw,"
on which they turn to permit of the placing and removal of the rollers';
d, support for the pattern fixed at each end by means of screws, and carried
by two brackets; e, f, rollers for conducting the pattern, furnished with
knobs at their two ends for the purpose of turning them freely in either
-direction. Near the ends of these rollers ratchets or other similar arrange-
ments may be applied for the purpose of producing a greater degree of
tension on the pattern. These rollers have each a groove for receiving the
edges of the web attached to a strip of wood, which fits into the groove, as
represented at Fig. 8. This web, which is suitably stiffened and. glazed, has
at the left hand side divisions numbered, & a line in the centre as a guide-to
place the pattern in proper position on the web. 9, small india-rubber bands
placed on the rollers near their ends to prevent them turning, and to maintain
the tension of the pattern; h, spring plates forming catches for fixing the
dividing frame to the apparatus bearing the pattern..

page_text: Fig. 2, Sheet 1, a, dividing frame of wood or metal, composed of three
cross pieces and two uprights; b, upright, in which is dovetailed the movable
.thread carrier c, which is made smaller than the groove to permit of the
tension of the threads being effected by means of a key bolt d; instead of this
.bolt a screw nut may be used to be turned with a key similar to those used
for tightening dividing compasses; e, upright furnished with pins for fixing
the parallel horizontal wires which are connected to the wire carrier c;
f, grooves made in uprights 6 & e, in which slides the upper cross piece of the
dividing frame, for the purpose of effecting the tension of the vertical wires by
means of bolts i & nuts j. The vertical and horizontal wires are of metal,
copper, for example, and divided into tens by a thicker wire than the rest.
The dividing frame has on the lower cross piece k two tenons 1, which engage
in mortices made in the box carrying the pattern, as seen in Fig. 1, which
tenons and catches h serve to fix the dividing frame to the pattern carrier.
Fig. 8, Sheet 1, a represents the box for holding wool, divided into com-
partments, and furnished with a rod 6 for securing the balls; c, small recesses
for holding articles necessary for the operation; o, spring-catch-for fixing the
dividing frame to the pattern carrier.
b
n
Fig. 4, Sheet 1 a, box for holding the apparatus; b, bearings supporting
the conducting rollers; c, conducting rollers; d, web with graduated scale, on
which the pattern is fixed; e, bar supporting the pattern; f, dividing frame;
9, front of the apparatus hinged at h; i, lid of the box k for containing wool;
j, cover of the apparatus; l, pillar and claw supports; m, jointed arm forming
a rest for the embroidering frame;; n, cord for fixing the position of arm m;
o, turned bar bearing on arm m, and bolted at its extremities to the two branches
of the embroidering frame; p, turned part jointed at p, turned part jointed at
p Fig. 5, on which the embroidering frame is mounted; q, embroidering
frame jointed at r, and fixed when required by means of thumb nuts s, Fig. 5.
Figs. 1 & 2, Sheet 2, a, frame on which is fixed any copy not suitable for
winding on the rollers; when copying an oil painting the picture frame itself
will answer the purpose. In these two cases the objects always serve as a
base; b, metal bar or horizontal guide of the dividing frame with a double
elbow, as seen in Fig. 2, having. at its back part a number of screw nuts and
claws for fixing the apparatus to picture frames or in other positions. The
principal front, represented in Fig. 1, bears a graduated scale, each mark on
which corresponds to a thick vertical wire of the dividing frame; c, bearings
in which the regulating screw turns; d, regulating screw of the dividing frame
supported horizontally in bearings c to prevent its moving longitudinally; it is
furnished with a hand wheel e and knob g for the purpose of imparting

page_text: motion from it to raise and lower the dividing frame; 1, screw nuts regulated
by the screw d, and by the position of the rods, supporting the dividing frame.
These nuts, Fig. 2, are adjusted on the horizontal bar b, and serve as bearings
for it; i, slide, in which rods k engage, furnished with thumb screws. I for
fixing the rods k in a proper position; j, indicating needles fixed at the lower"
part of the slide to show the relative position of the dividing frame with the
part of the pattern that has been copied; k, metal rods or vertical guides of
the dividing frame, which may be lengthened if required by means of addi-
tional pieces, and which are furnished with ratchet teeth for regulating the
motion of the dividing frame. The rods k are connected by bars n, which,
however, are not required when the rods are fixed to slide i; these rods also
bear numbered scales corresponding to each thick wire of the dividing frame."
o, dividing frame, properly so called; p, cross bar of the same, having a hole
for the passage of 9;. r, lower cross piece or fixed pin bar for the vertical
wires; m, rod, having a shoulder at or near its centre; it also carries a pro-
jection m', furnished with a spring; when pressure is exerted on m², the
catches m are released from rods k. 8, Fig. 2, cross piece provided with a
bolt for producing the tension of the vertical wires; t, horizontal movable pin
bar for effecting the tension of the horizontal wires by means of screws v;
a, Fig. 1, metal plate fixed to the uprights of frame o, with openings to allow
of the scale on rods k being visible.
It will readily understood that the horizontal movement of the dividing
frame on the copy is produced by means of screw d`and nuts h supporting
rods k. Instead of a conducting screw a sliding bar may be used on which
may travel the supports of the metal rods, so that it is only necessary to slide
the support on the bar to bring it to the division desired, where it is retained
in position by means of a nut. The vertical motion is also regulated by means
of hand gear m, which disengage at each end the catches m¹ from the ratchets
on rods k. Thus the dividing frame may be raised or lowered, and fixed at
the divisions, or at any other desired point. In this manner, by means of this
improved apparatus, the whole surface of a picture or other object may be
progressively divided into squares, without any traces of the operation being
left on the surface.
Figs. 3, 4, & 5, Sheet 2, show a portable apparatus, the parts of which-are
arranged as represented in Sheet 1, with the exception that it is enclosed in
a case, represented in section at Fig. 3, Sheet 2, in open face view at Fig. 4,
and, lastly, in side view at Fig. 5.
Having described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim, as the Invention to be protected

page_text: by the herein-before in part recited Letters, Patent, is the novel apparatus
termed a "quadrillateur" for facilitating the reproduction in wool work of all
kinds, of paintings, patterns of paper hangings, water color drawings, photo-
graphs, oil pictures, and other objects, consisting of the various parts herein-
before, described and represented in the Drawings, and especially the dividing
frame with which it is provided.. b.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first, day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.