IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FLAX, TOW, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBRES."
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lawson, of Leeds, in the County of York,
Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING
FLAX, TOW, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBRES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lawson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd
March 1867.
I, JOHN LAWSON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machinist, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FUR
SPINNING FLAX, Tow, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBRES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for spinning
flax, tow, hemp, and other fibres. I arrange the drawing apparatus of bot
water spinning frames in the following manner:-On & beam running hori-
zontally from end to end of the frame are mounted at intervals brackets which
carry the bearings of the retaining and drawing rollers, and the bearings of the
retaining rollers are capable of adjustment up or down by slides on the
brackets, so that the distance between the retaining and drawing rollers may be

page_text: varied as may be required. The bearings of the top pressing roHers and of the
bottom pressing rollers are carried in saddle pieces. The pressing rollers are
made in pairs, and the saddle bears on the axle or spindle in between the two
rollers of the pair; one end of each saddle bears on the axle or spindle of a
pair of top pressing rollers and the other on the axle or spindle of a pair of
bottom pressing rollers. There is a slide on the saddle, so that the distance
between the bearings of the top and bottom rollers may be adjusted to cor-
respond to the distance at which the retaining and drawing rollers are set.
The saddle has on each side of it a stud or arm, and these are received into
forked guides one on each side of the saddle, and both forming part of a
support or frame fixed on the beam. The weight is applied to the saddle and
to the two pressing rollers by a rod connected with a weighted lever; this
rod passes through the support or frame between its two forked guides and
also through the saddle, and it receives beyond a ring and nut; the ring has
knife edges upon it which bear upon the saddle. This arrangement of the
parts admits of the saddle being made narrower than the space between the
pressing rollers, so that the size of these rollers may not be limited by them as
in the ordinary arrangement.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Lawson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
September 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LAWSON, of Leeds, in the County of York, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Lawson, Her special licence that I, the said John
Lawson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said John Lawson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING FLAX, Tow, HEMP, AND OTHER

page_text: FIBRES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Lawson,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Lawson, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for spinning
flax, tow, hemp, and other fibres. In the old or ordinary construction of the
drawing apparatus of hot water spinning frames the "saddle" is made with
arms projecting on each side, by which it rests on its stand or support, and
these arms partially extend over or in front of the bottom pressing roller, the
diameter of which is thus limited. Now according to my Invention these
arms are much shortened, and the stand or support has guides at its end
which extend on either side of the saddle and receive the arms into them; thus
the saddle and stand is made sufficiently narrow to be received into the space
between the lower pressing rollers. I arrange the parts in the following
manner:-On a beam running horizontally from end to end of the frame are
mounted at intervals brackets which carry the bearings of the retaining and
drawing rollers, and the bearings of the retaining rollers are capable of adjust-
ment up or down by slides on the brackets, so that the distance between the
retaining and drawing rollers may be varied as may be required. The bearings
of the top pressing rollers and of the bottom pressing rollers are carried in
saddle pieces. The pressing rollers are made in pairs, and the saddle bears on
the axle or spindle in between the two rollers of the pair; one end of each
saddle bears on the axle or spindle of a pair of top pressing rollers and the
other end on the axle or spindle of a pair of bottom pressing rollers. There is
a slide on the saddle, so that the distance between the bearings of the top and
bottom rollers may be adjusted to correspond to the distance at which the
retaining and drawing rollers are set. The saddle has on each side of it a
stud or arm, and these are received into forked guides one on each side of the
saddle, and both forming part of a support or stand fixed on the beam. The
weight is applied to the saddle and to the two pressing rollers by a rod con-
ected with a weighted lever; this rod passes through the support or stand

page_text: between its two forked guides and also through the saddle, and it receives
beyond a ring and nut; the ring has knife edges upon it which bear upon the
saddle.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed
Figure 11s a front elevation
rawing
water spinning frame arranged according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a trans-
verse section thereof.
A is the beam; it is part of the main frame, and extends horizontally from side
to side of the machine. B, B, are brackets bolted to the beam A; they are
made with dovetail guides upon them, on which the slides C can be traversed
by turning the screw C' which work with screw nuts formed or fixed on the
slides; D, D, are the stands or supports for the saddles; they are also bolted
to the beam A, and one of them is shown separately in plan at Figure 3, and
in front view at Figure 4. E, E, are the saddles; one of them is shewn sepa-
rately in front view at Figure 5. F, F, are slides on the saddles for carrying
the top pressing rollers; the slide is capable of being clamped on the saddle
nearer to or further from the saddle arms, so that the top pressing roller may
be adjusted in position to correspond with that of the retaining roller. G, G,
are rods passing through the centre of the stands or supports D and through
the saddles E. Each rod at one end is jointed to a lever H carrying a weight
upon it, or a spring may be substituted for this weight, and the other end of
each rod G receives a ring G¹ having knife edges bearing upon the saddle, and
a nut G³ to keep the ring in place. I, I, are brackets carrying the centres of
the levers H; J, J, are the retaining rollers, the axes of which are carried in
bearings on the slides C; K, K, are the drawing rollers, the axes of which
are carried in bearings fixed upon the brackets B; L, L, are the top pressing
bosses or rollers; their axes are supported in bearings on the slides F on the
saddles. M, M, are the bottom pressing bosses or rollers; their axes are sup
ported directly by the saddles; there are horns on the saddle to prevent these
bosses or rollers dropping when the weight is taken off.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the
arranging drawing apparatus in the manner described, so that the saildle and
its arms and support may be contained in the space between the pressing

page_text: bosses or rollers without overlapping them or limiting the diameter of the
lower pressing rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lawson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
JAMES WARD.
JOHN LAWSON. (L.B.)