Improvements in Dynamo Electric, Generators.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 24th July, 1889-Accepted, 5th Oct., 1889
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dynamo Electric, Generators.
I, CHARLES EDWARD BUELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Number
59 Irving Street, Newark, Essex County, State of New Jersey, one of the United
States of America, Electrician do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO ELECTRIC GENERATORS, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
My invention relates to the class of dynamo electric machines that accumulate a
charge to be sent to a circuit for firing fuses in blasting, and for other purposes where
a quantity discharge of brief duration is desired.
My invention consists of a generator comprising a spring actuated armature and a
condensing circuit formed by the movable parts of the apparatus that are in such
relation to each other as to be electrically connected during the process of accumulation
and to become electrically separated at the desired moment in the process of accumu-
lation, substantially as hereinafter described.
My invention further consists in the combination with a dynamo electric generator
of a condensing circuit that is completed during the process of accumulation through
the actuating mechanism, and a spring actuated armature that is automatically released
at a predetermined point in the winding of the spring, substantially as hereinafter
described.
My invention further consists in sub-combinations to be hereinafter described.
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1. is a view in side elevation of an apparatus
embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same and Figures 3 and 4 show details of parts.
Fig. 5 is a view of a generator of electricity connected to an exterior circuit through
an inductorium for modifying the use of my invention.
Referring to the drawings: The letter A represents a dynamo electric machine
insulated upon a base at I.
C is a toothed rack bar in the form of a sector that is rigidly secured upon an arbor
mounted in the base of the dynamo, below the insulation I. On the same arhor with
sector is a notched wheel D and a spring E is secured to the wheel D and to the
board or plate upon which the apparatus is placed.
A handle h, is provided with a spring catch or hook e, and is mounted upon the
board or plate with the dynamo, and in such relation to the wheel D as that the catch
or hook e, will interlock with the notch in wheel D, when the handle is in the
position shown.
The sector C% is not electrically connected with the dynamo armature when in the
position shown, but when the lever h, is moved to the right it moves with it the
wheel D and sector C, and the teeth of the sector interlock with the teeth of the small
pinion B, on the armature shaft, and while said sector and said pinion are interlocked
they are electrically connected, and form a portion of a condensing circuit.
The circuit of the dynamo is over wires 1, and 2, to the binding posts b, b, and
from them to the fuses to be fired, or to an inductorium, and through the transformer
or inductorium to the fuses, (as shown in Fig. 5).
From the wires 1 and 2, branch 4 leads to or is electrically connected with pinion B
and a branch 8 is electrically connected to sector C, so that when said pinion and
sector are interlocked they complete a condensing circuit, and as they separate,-
Thus
when the sector is in the position shown, the condensing circuit is ruptured.
by insulating the pinion B and sector C from each other the condensing circuit can
be completed by the moving parts of the apparatus and the greatest reliability and
durability be reached, as compared with those dynamos before used for a like purpose
CD 927

page_text: that depend upon the opening of a circuit controlling key by the impingment of a
rack bar that is descending with great force; or upon the sudden contact with a
spring or controller by the moving parts. By this mode of opening the condensing
circuit the contact is firm during accumulation, is broken at the proper moment, and
there is an even and unvarying result, the discharge being the same every time, a
result not possible to attain by dynamos that are not spring actuated, moreover the
maximum product is obtained.
The sector C is provided with a plater, that comes in contact with a rubber block R,
and as spring E, is under tension even when the sector is in the position shown, the
rebound of the sector is prevented, while the moving parts are brought to rest
without shock.
The spring E, is shown as a coiled spring that has its convolutions out of contact
with each other, and no friction is created in unwinding. This open form of coiled
spring is satisfactory, but a spring coiled upon the sector arbor will do as well, or
the sector arbor may be a spring, and by securing one of its ends from turning can
be used to actuate the mechanism.
The lever h, is preferably disconnected from the shaft or arbor of sector (), so that
when the sector is returning to the position shown it will not be retarded by friction
with the handle h, or its bearings.
The lever or handle h is preferably detachable for convenience in carrying, for this
purpose the handle is shown removably attached at /'.
The pinion B is preferably provided with a ratchet to turn idle when the spring is
being wound, but when the winding is performed slowly this is not necessary.
To prevent a disturbing of the polarity of the dynamo when the armature is turned
backwards in winding the spring, the condensing circuit can be open during the
winding, and be closed by the contact of hook e, with post f, in an obvious way.
The lever is prevented from going beyond a desired point after the hook e, is dis-
connected from wheel D, by contact with post g, which intercepts it.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:
The lever his moved to the right until the hook e, coming in contact with post f
is lifted out of the notch in wheel D, when the sector which is carried over with the
handle h. released and is by the wound up spring E, quickly returned to the
position shown in the drawing, and in returning rapidly revolves the armature, by
interlocking with its pinion B.
A strong excitement of the dynamo results from the rapid turning of the armature
with the condensing circuit on no appreciable resistance, and the field magnets of the
dynamo are strongly magnetized till the sector separates from the pinion of the
armature, when the circuit is ruptured, and the extra current is discharged into
the outside circuit, or to any apparatus provided to receive the discharge.
In Fig. 3, the apparatus is shown covered to exclude dirt, and drip from reaching
the moving parts, a strap or carrying handle--not shown-is provided for convenience
in carrying the apparatus.
In Fig. 4, there is shown a lamp in a loop or branch, and a switch for connecting
the dynamo alternately to the lamp and to an exterior or firing circuit, for the
purpose of first testing the apparatus before discharging through the fuses.
Fig. 5, represents the generator having its exterior circuit comprise the primary
of an induction apparatus that is provided with an armature that is attracted when
the magnetization of its core is at its maxitrum, for breaking the primary P, in a
well known way.
The secondary winding of the induction apparatus N is included with the fuses to
be fired. And the intense secondary discharge that results when the primary of the
charged induction apparatus is ruptured is sent to the firing circuit, and fires properly
prepared, and well known forms of fuses.
The advantages of a spring actuated armature, when comprising a spring that has
no friction between its convolutions, and at the completion of its motion is under
tension, is, that, the discharges produced are every time alike in their heating, defla-
grating, and electro-motive force.

page_text: Besides the regularity in the character of the discharges the maximum product is
reached by the employment of the moving parts to form the condensing circuit, as
the contact is firm and the conductivity great, and the separation of the parts is
accomplished in an instant of time, at the most proper moment, and they are widely
separated, all of which tends to a favorable result.
The form of apparatus shown is cheaply constructed, and is the preferred form,
but details may be varied without departing from my invention.
A condenser can be used in place of the induction apparatus shown, and a condenser
can be joined to the coil when a primary and secondary winding is used, in a well
known way, and with the result of intensifying the discharge.
Although the employment of the inductorium in the exterior circuit with a special
circuit breaker, as shown, is the preferred manner of generating a secondary current,
I am aware that the condensing circuit may includo the primary of the induction
apparatus, and the opening of the said circuit, in its normal operation, as shown and
described, will operate the inductorium, without the employment of the armature or
other special circuit breaker.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. An electrical generator comprising an exterior circuit and a condensing circuit,
that is completed through the moving parts of said generator.
2nd. An electrical generator comprising an exterior circuit and a condensing circuit,
gears for actuating the same and electrical connections with said gears, said gears
being adapted to first complete the condensing circuit and then break said circuit,
whereby said generator is caused to discharge into the exterior circuit.
3rd. An electric generator comprising a condensing circuit that is completed during
the process of accumulation through the actuating mechanism, and a spring actuated
armature that is automatically released at a predetermined point in the winding of
the spring.
4th. The combination with a generator of a spring actuated armature and a winding
up handle or device that is provided with an automatic releasing contact, or device,
whereby the wound up armaturo actuating mechanism is tripped at a predetermined
point in the process of winding.
5th. An electric generator that comprises an exterior circuit, a condensing circuit,
a spring actuated armature, gears for actuating said armature, electric connections
with said gears, and a winding handle or device that is provided with a releasing
contact, hook, or device, whereby the wound up mechanism is released in the process
of winding, and the condensing circuit opened at the desired moment by the moving
parts of the apparatus.
6th. The combination with a dynamo of a condensing circuit provided with means
for automatically opening said circuit, of an induction apparatus having its primary
joined to said generator to receive the accumulated charge thereof.
7th. The combination with a dynamo or generator that is provided with a con-
densing circuit and an exterior circuit, of an induction apparatus having its primary
included in the exterior circuit of said generator, and provided with a circuit breaker
for breaking the said primary at the time of desired accumulation, and connections
from the secondary of said inductorium to a discharging circuit.
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.