Improvements in Burners for Acetylene Gas.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1897-Accepted, 10th July, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Burners for Acetylene Gas.
I, JULIUS SCHULKE, of 94 Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, in the German Empire, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to burners for acetylene gas which are composed of small
capillary tubes fixed in a chamber or cap screwed on to the gas pipe, and which tubes
may be so arranged that the air coming from all sides is compelled to make its way in
practically parallel streams directed uniformly to all parts of the flame.
Heretofore ordinary gas burners have not been applicable for burning acetylene
gas for illuminating purposes because carbon is deposited at the outlet of such burners,
which reduces the lighting power of the flame and ultimately causes stoppage of the
openings, rendering necessary frequent cleaning thereof. These objections are obviated
in burners constructed in accordance with the present invention, because the air for
supporting combustion of the small flames employed is conducted to them in a divided
form, and these small flames are drawn out into elongated flames by the gas pressure
and the streams of air, which arrangements give an extremely powerful, clear, and
quietly burning sheaf of light. This object can be still more perfectly attained by
making the outlet openings of the capillary tubes of a special form to be hereinafter
described.
The capillary tubes may be ray or jet shape or, preferably, so arranged that each
two tubes are directed obliquely, or converging towards one another so that the streams
or jets of gas issuing from them strike against one another at an angle, and after their
combination produce a powerful illuminating flame which forms a flattened and
comparatively large light emitting surface.
The accompanying sheet of Drawings illustrates various methods of carrying the
invention into effect.
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of an acetylene gas burner, made in accordance
with the invention, with ray or jet shaped capillary tubes.
Figures 2, 3 and 4 show various forms of outlets from the capillary tubes.
Figures 5 and 6 show in elevation and plan respectively a burner with capillary
tubes arranged in pairs, the ends of the tubes composing each pair being directed
obliquely towards one another.
Figures 7 and 8 show further modifications of the burner.
In all the arrangements shown the capillary tubes a are fixed at their lower ends in
the cover of a chamber or cap b, which chamber or cap can be screwed on to the gas
delivery pipe, not shown in the Drawings. The tubes a extend upwards and outwards
to enable the air supporting combustion to pass freely from all sides between
the tubes to the outlets thereof and to the flames in parallel streams. In the
arrangement shown in Figure 1 the tubes a are arranged in ray or jet form. In
the arrangement shown in Figures 5 and 6 the tubes a issue from the circumference
of the cover of the cap b, and are then bent so that the outlets of the tubes forming
each pair are directed obliquely towards one another in order that the gas streams or
ets issuing from them shall strike against one another at an angle.

page_text: By this means a spreading out of the flames; and an increase of their lighting power
is effected.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 7 the capillary tubes a' are fixed in the cover
of the chamber b, and each of these tubes is divided at its upper end into two
branches a² which are so bent that the streams of gas issuing from them strike against
one another at an angle.
In the burner shown in Figure 8 only two tubes a are shown, the outlet ends of
which are directed obliquely towards each other.
In order to conduct the air for supporting combustion, without hindrance or the
formation of eddies, to the acetylene gas issuing from capillary tubes a the latter are
chambered off or reduced to a conical shape at their outlet ends or they may take
either of the forms shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4. The fine outlet openings c of the
tubes a open at their upper ends into a chamber d so that the flames g formed
by the issuing acetylene gas hardly touch, or do not touch at all, the walls or the tube
ends whereby the deposit of carbon is avoided.
The edge of the chamberd is somewhat sharpened so that between it and the flame g
a small zone of blue flame f is produced by the issuing acetylene gas carrying with it
the air rising up to the tubes, and thereby effecting an abundant addition of air to the
acetylene gas at the edge of the chamber d, which gives rise to the production of
the aforesaid zone of blue flame, and prevents completely the deposit of carbon at the
ends of the tubes. The chamber d may be made cubic, conical, or trumpet shape, or
any other suitable form; it may be formed in a simple manner by means of a small
ring with a projecting edge, pushed onto the end of the tube.
•
When a glass chimney is employed spring arms h (Figure 1) are arranged on the
burner, the ends of which arms come a little above the outlet openings of the tubes,
and arc intended to hold the chimney fast. A jacket i may be placed round the tubes a
to serve as a globe or shade carrier, such jacket being supplied with outwardly
extending arms to support the globe or shade and a sufficient number of holes to
allow of the access of air through it to the tubes a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :-
First. A burner for acetylene gas which consists of capillary tubes a with chambers d
at their outlet openings c, the said capillary tubes being fixed at their lower ends to a
common chamber b, in such manner that they allow of the free access of air from the
sides to support combustion, and a deposit of carbon at the tube outlets is prevented,
substantially as described.
Second. The arrangement of the acetylene gas burner forming the subject matter
of the first claiming clause hereof in which each two capillary tubes a forming a pair
are directed obliquely towards one another so that the jets of gas issuing from them
strike one another at an angle, substantially as described with reference to
Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the Drawings.
Dated this 25th day of May 1897