IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CHAINING OR LINKING WARPS AND FOR FORMING WARPS FROM YARNS OR THREADS AND FOR CHAINING AND LINKING THE SAME 22
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hurst of Rochdale in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR CHAINING OR LINKING WARPS AND FOR FORMING WARPS
FROM YARNS OR THREADS AND FOR CHAINING AND LINKING THE SAME 22
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hurst at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1883.
WILLIAM HURST of Rochdale in the County of Lancaster Cotton Spinner
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CHAINING OR LINKING WARPS,
AND FOR FORMING WARPS FROM YARNS OR THREADS AND FOR CHAINING AND
LINKING THE SAME,"
My invention relates to machinery or apparatus for forming what are commonly
called chained or linked warps.
In carrying out my said invention I secure to a framework fixed projecting
hooks around which passes a trumpet or guide secured to an arm which is jointed
to a lever mounted upon a shaft which I cause to vibrate by means of a crank and
while such trumpet is being vibrated to and fro I cause the aforesaid trumpet to be
raised and lowered so that the warp which passes through the said trumpet is
passed around the aforesaid hooks alternately. I cause the aforesaid trumpet to be
raised and lowered by means of a revolving cam acting upon a bowl carried by a
sliding plate connected to which is an arm or rod by means of which as the
aforesaid cam revolves the above named trumpet is raised and lowered.
Within the before named hooks are formed slots within which and sliding
therein are books forced in one direction by tappets and drawn in an opposite
direction by springs or equivalents therefor. Beneath the before named fixed
projecting books are two revolving loopers mounted upon the upper ends of
vertical shafts mounted so as to be capable of being revolved in brackets carried by
the framework previously named.
As the before named trumpet passes around the fixed projecting hooks before
named, the warp to be chained or linked becomes looped upon one of the said fixed
n

page_text: projecting hooks; the loop of warp is next drawn inward along the aforesaid fixed
projecting look by means of one of the previously named sliding hooks. Tho
sliding book which has been drawn inwards by means of one of the beforenamed
tappets is then liberated and is drawn by the spring or other equivalent therefor
attached thereto so as to be in a position to receive another loop of the warp, and
simultaneously therewith one of the before named revolving or oscillating loopers
passes the previously formed loop of warp over the second loop of the warp, and
clear of the outer end of the fixed projecting hook.
After the vibrating trumpet has passed a loop of warp around the projecting
fixed hook upon one side of the machine, such trumpet passes a loop of warp around
the projecting hook on the opposite side of the machine, and the sliding hook and
Oscillating looper belonging to the aforesaid fixed projecting hook acting in a manner
similar to those previously described the warp is chained or linked. The warp to
be chained or linked having been formed upon a warping mill Beaming machine, or
other similar machine by which yarns or threads are usually formed into a warp,
I pass between rollers to which I impart rotatory motion so that the suid warp is
delivered to the above described linking or chaining apparatus or machine at such
a rate that little or no tension is produced upon the warp while being linked or
chained. In some cases I propose to form a chained or linked warp by means of
the above described chaining or linking apparatus or machine by taking the yarns
or threads from which the warp is to be formed direct from the bobbins upon
which such yarn or thread has been spun or wound..
For this purpose I pass the yarns or threads between or around rollers which by
means of their revolving surfaces draw off the yarns or threads from the bobbins
aforesaid, and deliver the said yarns or threads to the abovenained chaining or
linking apparatus; the aforesaid yarns or threads in their passage from the
previously named bobbins to the chaining or linking machine or apparatus pass
through a "heck" or similar apparatus for arranging the yarns or threads in an
order suitable for weaving.
After the warp has been chained or linked by the above described machinery or
apparatus it may either fall upon the floor or other surface beneath the chaining or
linking machine to be subsequently removed, or the said warp may be passed over
suitable pulleys to be conveyed thereby to any convenient place; the said pulleys
may have rotatory motion imparted thereto if desired.
I also propose in some cases to employ a travelling surface or creeper to receive
the warp as it is linked or chained such warp being laid upon the before, named.
travelling surface or creeper in a straight, diagonal or other convenient form, as
may be desired.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Hurst in the Patent Office on the 24th April 1884.
WILLIAM HURST of Rochdale in the County of Lancaster Cotton Spinner
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CHAINING OR LINKING WARPS
AND FOR FORMING WARPS FROM YARNS OR THREADS AND FOR CHAINING AND
LINKING THE SAME
My Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for forming what are commonly
called chained or linked warps-In carrying out my said Invention I secure to a
framework fixed projecting hooks around which passes a trumpet or guide secured
to an arm which is jointed to a lever mounted upon a shaft which I cause to
vibrate by means of a crank and while such trumpet is being vibrated to and fro
I cause the aforesaid trumpet to be raised and lowered so that the warp which
passes through the said trumpet is passed around the aforesaid books alternately —
I cause the aforesaid trumpet to be raised and lowered by means of a revolving
cam acting upon a bowl carried by a sliding plate connected to which is an arm
or rod by means of which as the aforesaid cam revolves the above named trumpet
is raised and lowered-Within the before named hooks are formed slots within
which and sliding therein are hooks forced in one direction by tappets and drawn
in an opposite direction by springs or equivalents therefor-Beneath the before
named fixed projecting hooks are two revolving loopers mounted upon the upper
ends of vertical shafts mounted so as to be capable of being revolved in brackets
carried by the framework previously named-As the before named trumpet passes
around the fixed projecting hooks before named the warp to be chained or linked
becomes looped upon one of the said fixed projecting hooks the loop. of warp is
next drawn inward along the aforesaid fixed projecting hook by means of one of
the previously named sliding hooks The sliding hook which has been drawn
inwards by means of one of the before named tappets is then liberated and is
drawn by the spring or the equivalent therefor attached thereto so as to be in a
position to receive another loop of the warp and simultaneou-ly therewith one of
the before named revolving or oscillating loopers passes the previously formed loop
of warp over the second loop of the warp and clear of the outer end of the fixed
projecting hook-After the vibrating trumpet has passed a loop of warp around
the projecting fixed hook upon one side of the machine such trumpet passes n
loop of warp around a projecting hook on the opposite side of the machine and
the sliding hook and oscillating looper belonging to the aforesaid fixed projecting
hook acting in a manner similar to thoso previously described the warp is chained
or linked-The warp to be chained or linked having been formed upon a" warping
mill" "Beaming machine" or other similar machine by which yarns or threads
are usually formed into a warp I pass between rollers to which I impart rotatory
motion so that the said warp is delivered to the above described linking or
chaining apparatus or machine at such a rate that little or no tension is produced
upon the warp while being linked or chained-In some cases I propose to form a
chained or linked warp by means of the above described chaining or linking
apparatus or machine by taking the yarns or threads from which the warp is to he
formed direct from the bobbins upon which such yarn or thread has been spun or
wound. For this purpose I pass the yarns or threads between or around rollers
which by means of their revolving surfaces draw off the yarns or threads from
the bobbins aforesaid and deliver the said yarns or threads to the above named
cbaining or linking apparatus the aforesaid yarns or threads in their passage from
the previously named bobbins to the chaining or linking machine or apparatus

page_text: pass through a
"heck" or similar apparatus for arranging the yarns or threads in
an order suitable for weaving-After the warp has been chained or linked by the
above described machinery or apparatus it may either fall upon the floor or other
surface beneath the chaining or linking machine to be subsequently removed or
the said warp may be passed over suitable pulleys to be conveyed thereby to any
convenient place. The said pulleys may have rotatory motion imparted thereto if
desired
I also propose in some cases to employ a travelling surface or creeper to receive
the warp as it is linked or chained such warp being laid upon the before named
travelling surface or creeper in a straight diagonal or other convenient form as may
be desired
In order that my invention may be more thoroughly understood and more
readily carried into effect I will now proceed to more particularly describe the
same reference being made to the drawings bereunto annexed in which similar
letters of reference are applied to corresponding parts throughout the whole series
of figures Fig: 1 is a side elevation Fig: 2 a plan and Fig: 3 a front view with
certain parts omitted to avoid confusion-At a bare end frames connected at the
top by a cross plate c secured to such end frames a b. Extending between the end
frames a band secured thereto is a cross plate d. At e is a shaft capable of being
rotated within and supported by brackets f g secured to the end frames a.
respectively. Upon the shaft e are mounted pulleys h. j. the pulley h being fast
upon the said shaft e aud the pulley ; loose thereon. The shaft e is provided with
collars which collars bearing against the brackets f. g prevent the shaft e from
moving longitudinally-Fast upon one end of the shaft e is a bevel wheel k
gearing into a bevel wheel mounted fast upon a vertical shaft m The shaft m
passes through brackets n. o within which it is free to be revolved-Upon the end
of the shaft m is mounted a bevel wheel p gearing into another bevel wheel q fast
upon a horizontal shaft ? passing through and capable of being rotated in brackets
8. t secured to the cross frame c-Fast upon the lower end of the shaft m is a disc
or plate u carrying a crank pin v the boss of the disc or plate u and the boss of:
the bevel wheel. preventing the shaft m from being moved vertically. Upon one
end of the shaft r is a bevel wheel w gearing into a bevil wheel fast upon a
shaft y such shaft y being mounted and capable of being rotated in a bracket
secured to the cross plate c Fast upon the abaft e are bevel wheels 1. 2 The
bevel wheel 1 gears gears into a bevel wheel 3 fast upon a vertical shaft 4 which is
carried by a bracket 5 within which it is free to be rotated such bracket 5 being
secured to the cross plate d-Fast upon the lower end of the shaft 4 is a disc 6
provided with a crank pin 7-The boss of the disc 6 and the boss of the bevel
wheel 3 bearing against the bracket 5 prevent the shaft 4 from moving vertically―
The bevel wheel 2 gears into another bevel wheel 8 fast upon a vertical
shaft 9 capable of being rotated within a bracket 10 by which such shaft 9 is
supported and the said bracket 10 is secured to the cross plate d-Fast upon the
shaft 9 is a disc 11 provided with a crank pin 12 the boss of such disc 11 and the
boss of the bevel wheel 8 preventing the shaft 9 from moving longitudinally-
Projecting from the cross plate d is a bracket 13 provided with a vertical shaft 14
capable of being revolved therein, fast upon the upper end of which shaft 14 is an
arm 15 to which is jointed an arm 16 provided with a trumpet 18-Upon the
lower end of tho shaft 14 and fast therewith is an arm 19 provided with a pin 20
upon which turns one end of a connecting rod 21 the other end of which turns
upon the crank pin v carried by the disc u-To the cross frame is secured a
bracket 22 provided with V guides within which and capable of being slidden
therein is a plate 23. Secured to the plate 23 is a stud 24 provided with a bowl
or roller 25 resting upon the circumference of a cam 26 mounted fast upon the
shaft Secured to the plate 23 is a stud 27 from which depends a rod 28 the
lower end of which is connected by the universal joint 29 to the bar 16-Figs 4.
5. 6 Sheet 2 show certain parts of the machine upon an enlarged scale, some of
-which parts are omitted in Figs 1. 2 3 to avoid confusion-As some of the parts

page_text: hereinafter described are repeated upon the opposite side of the machine I shall
describe those of the said parts as are situate at one side of the machine while, to
the corresponding parts upon the opposite side of the said machine I shall affix
the same letters of reference with the addition of an asterisk thus (*) Secured to
the cross frame d is a bracket 30 shown more clearly in the detached views
Figs: 7 and 8. Fig: 7 being a side view thereof partly in section and Fig: 8 a
cross section thereof taken on the line A B of Fig: 7. The bracket 30 is provided
with a recess 31 formed therein and along a portion of the upper edge thereof
are formed ledges 32. 33 which support a bar 3+ which bar 34 is capable
of being slidden longitudinally upon the ledges 82 33-The end of the bar 34
is extended as indicated by the dotted lines and is curved sideways at its
extremity so as to form a hook 35 such bar 34 with its hook 35 being more clearly
shown in the detached view Fig: 8-At 36 is a plate secured to the cross frame.d
by screws a projecting part of which plate 36 is curved at its extremity so as to
form a hook 37 and an extended part 38 formed upon the bracket 30 is also curved
Bideways at its extremity so as to form a hook 39-The end of the part 36 is
curved downward and the end of the part 39 is curved upward the said two ends
being in contact and forming a-hollow book which for convenience I will herein-
after refer to as the hook 40 and within such hollow hook 40 the extended part 41
of the bar 34 is capable of being slidden backward and forward as will be herein-
after pointed out-To a part 34 of the bar 34 is attached one end of a spring 42
the other end of which is secured by means of a nut to a projecting part 43 of the
bracket 30-The spring 42 tends constantly to draw the bar 34 in the direction of
the arrow C-Secured to the bar 34 by a set screw is a bracket 44 the part 44* of
which is situate within the path of a revolving cam 45 so as to be capable of being
moved thereby in a direction opposite to that of the arrow C the motion of the
bar 34 in the direction of the arrow C being limited by the stop 34b secured to the
Baid bar 34-The cam 45 is mounted fast upon the shaft e-Secured to the end
frame a is a bracket 46 to which a stud 47 is secured by means of a nut-Mounted
upon the stud 47 so as to be capable of being rotated thereon is a wheel 48
the teeth of such wheel 48 gearing into the teeth (indicated by the dotted
pitch lines) of a rack 49 such rack 49 being provided with projecting parts which
are embraced by the bracket 50 within which the rack 49 is capable of being
slidden longitudinally while its teeth are in gear with those of the wheel 48-To
one end of the rack 49 one end of a connecting rod 51 is connected by means of a
pin 52 the other end of the said connecting rod 51 embracing the crank pin 53
secured to the disc 6-Fast with the wheel 48 is an arm 54 provided with a projecting
part which is curved so as to constitute a hook 55. Upon rotary motion being
imparted to the pulley h in the direction of the arrow D the disc u and crank pin v
will be rotated in the direction of the arrow E-The rotation of the crank pin v
will by means of the connecting rod 21 pin 20 arm 19 shaft 14 arm 15 and arm 16
cause the trumpet 18 to be oscillated longitudinally-By means of the wheels p. q
shaft wheels w. and shaft y the cam 26 will be rotated in the direction of the
arrow F such rotation of the cam 26 will cause the plate 23 which is provided
with a slot through which passes the shaft y to be raised and lowered once during
each revolution of the cam 26, such raising and lowering of the plate 23 will by
means of the rod 28 raise and lower the trumpet 18 the joint 16" permitting the
raising and lowering of the trumpet 18 to take place-The rotation of the disc u
will cause the trumpet 18 to be oscillated sideways to the points G and H alter-
nately but while the trumpet 18 is being so oscillated the cam 26 will cause such
trumpet 18 to be carried along the line G J. K HLM in the direction of the
arrows N the said trumpet 18 first passing below and around the hook 40 and then
below and around the hook 40*
Upon rotary motion being imparted to the disc 6 in the direction of the arrow O
the rack 49 will by means of the connecting rod 51 be caused to traverse longitu-
dinally first in one direction and then in the opposite Such traversing of the
rack 49 will by means of the wheel 48 cause the hook 55 to be turned first in one

page_text: direction and then in the other the said hook 55 at certain times passing between
the projecting parts 36. 38 and beneath the hook 35-To feed the warp to be
chained or linked at such rate to the chaining or linking machine that little or no
tension is produced from the warp while such warp is being linked or chained I
employ the apparatus described below-At 56. 57 are end frames to which are,
secured respectively brackets 58. 59 supporting a shaft 60 fast upon which is
mounted a drum or roller 61-The shaft 60 is prevented from moving longitudinally
by collars formed upon such shaft 60 which collars abut against the ends of the
brackets 58. 59-Resting upon the drum or roller 61 is a roller 62 provided with
an axle 63 which axle 63 passes into brackets 64. 65 in which it may be rotated-
The brackets 64. 65 are secured to levers 66. 67 respectively one end of each of the
levers 66. 67 turning upon a bar 68 the ends of which pass into openings formed
through the end frames 56. 57 Depending from, the ends of the levers 66. 67 are
weights 69. 70 respectively such weights 69. 70 pressing the roller 62 into contact
with the roller or drum 61. At 71 is a shaft one end of which shaft 71
revolves in a bracket 72 secured to the end frame 57 while the other end of such
shaft 71 is capable of being revolved in a bracket 73 carried by a lever 74 such
lever 74 turning at one end upon a stud 75 secured to the end frame 56-The
shaft 71 is provided with suitable collars by which it is prevented from being
moved longitudinally At 70 is a shaft passing through and capable of heing
revolved in holes formed through the end frames 56. 57-Upon the shaft 76 is
secured a cam 77 which is situate beneath the lever 74-Fast upon the shaft 76 is
an arm 78 provided with a stud 79 which passes into a hole formed through the
end of the rod 80 by means of which the machine may be caused to start or stop.—
Upon the shaft. 71 and fast therewith is a pulley 81 around which passes an
endless belt or strap 82 which belt or strap 82 communicates rotary motion from
any convenient source of power to the pulley 81-Fast upon the shaft 71 is a
pulley 83 the circumference of which is preferably covered with leather-The
pulley 83 is shown as being in contact with a pulley 84 mounted fast upon the
shaft 60-Upon the shaft 60 and fast thereon is a pulley 85 around which and
around the pulley h passes an endless crossed belt 86 such belt 86 transmitting
motion from the pulley 85 to the pulley h and shaft e-Secured to the bar 68 is an
eye 87.
Having thus described the various parts of the machine I will now proceed to
shew in what manner the various parts operate when forming the warp into a
chain The warp P to be chained or linked is passed through the eye 87 and
between the rollers 61. 62 after which such warp is passed through the trumpet 18
.and around one of the hooks 40 40*. During this time the rod 80 has been
raised so as to allow the pulley 83 to pass out of contact with the pulley 84
Upon the rod 80 being lowered the pulley 83 will be pressed against the pulley 84
and the rollers 61. 62 will draw forward the warp P and deliver it to the trumpet 18
-I cause the rollers 61. 62 to rotate at such circumferential speed that the said
warp P is delivered to the chimining or linking apparatus at such speed that little
or no tension is produced in the warp P while such warp is being chained or
linked The diagrams Figs 9 to 15 inclusivo show the manner in which the parts
hereinbefore described operate in order to form the warp P into a chain-In
Fig 9 the trumpet 18 has passed beneath and around the hook 40* leaving the
warp P passed around such hook 40* and by a continued movement it has passed
beneath and around the hook 40 and again beneath and around the hook 40* until
it arrives in the position shown in Fig: 10-The hook 55* turning in the direction
of the arrow Qas will be hereinafter described brings forward a loop P₁ of warp
previously passed around the hook 40*-A continued movement of the hook 55* in
the direction of the arrow Q will carry the said loop P' of warp clear of the hook 40*
and allow the said loop P of warp to pass upon the loop P2 of warp which is
around the hook 40* as shown in Fig: 11-The sliding hook 35* is then drawn in
the direction of the arrow R by the rotation of the can 45* and draws along with
it the loop of warp P³ until it arrives in the position shown in Fig: 12 and while

page_text: the sliding book 35* is in such position the revolving book 55× passes in the
direction of the arrow S beneath the hook 35* and through the hook 40* after
which the book 55* is rotated in the direction of the arrow T after which the
sliding hook 35 will be liberated by the rotation of the cam 45x and be drawn by
the spring 42 into the position shown in Fig: 13-A loop P³ of warp is then
passed around the loop 40* by the trumpet 18 and a repeated movement of the
hook 55* in the direction of the arrow Q* will carry the loop of warp P³ clear of
the hook 40* and be about to pass it upon the loop P³ and the parts will arrive in
the position shewn in Fig: 14 when the cycle of motions for forming one link of
the chain will have been completed-I have confined my description to forming
the chain at one side only of the machine and the motion and action of the parts
at the opposite side of the machine being similar to and alternate with those above
described a further description thereof will be unnecessary-A portion of warp
chained or linked as above described is shown by Fig: 15 which is a diagram of
a portion of warp when chained or linked. The warp to be chained or linked by
the machine above described may be formed upon a "warping mill" or "Beaming
machine" by which threads are usually formed into a warp.
In some cases I propose to form a chained or linked warp by means of the above
described chaining or linking apparatus or machine by taking the yarns or threads
from which the warp is to be formed direct from the bobbins upon which such
yarn or thread has been spun or wound For this purpose I pass the yarns or
threads between or around rollers which by means of their revolving surfaces draw
off the yarns or threads from the bobbins aforesaid and deliver the said yarns or
threads to the linking or chaining apparatus or machine-The yarns or threads
aforesaid in their passage from the bobbins previously mentioned to the chaining
or linking machine or apparatus pass through a "heck" or similar apparatus for
arranging the yarns or threads in an order suitable for weaving-After the warp
has been chained or linked by the machine or apparatus above described it may
either fall upon the floor or other surface beneath the chaining or linking machine
or apparatus to be subsequently removed or the said warp may be passed over
suitable pulleys or guides to be convoyed thereby to any convenient place-Tho
said pulleys may have rotatory motion imparted thereto if desired.
I also propose in some cases to employ a travelling surface or creeper to receive
the warp as it is linked or chained, the warp being laid upon the before named
travelling surface or creeper in a straight diagonal or other convenient form as may
be desired
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and tho
manner in which the same is to be performed I desire it to be understood that I
claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent :—
The machinery or apparatus herein before described for linking or chaining warps
constructed and operating substantially as herein before shown and described and
shown in and by the drawings hereunto annexed
In witness whereof I tho said William Hurst have hereunto set my hand and
seal this twenty third day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand oight
hundred and oighty four.