I- PROVEMENTS IN GENEBATING STEAM AND IN HEATING APPARATUS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Stephen Bateson, of Bolton Street. May Fair,
in the County of Middlesex, Barrister-at-Law, for the Invention of "I-
PROVEMENTS IN GENEBATING STEAM AND IN HEATING APPARATUS, AND
IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN,"
Sealed the 27th April 1860, and dated the 22nd February 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Stephen Bateson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd February 1860.
I, SAMUEL STEPHEN BATESON, of Bolton Street, May Fair, in the County of
Middlesex, Barrister-at-Law, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN HEATING APPARATUS, AND
IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention has special reference to my former Inventions of improve-
ments in generating steam, for which Letters Patent were granted to me,
dated the 30th day of December 1855, No. 2995, and of improvements in
generating steam, and in the apparatus employed therein. for which Letters
Patent were granted to me, dated the 31st day of March 1859, No. 809, and
is also applicable in other cases where it is desired to allow a free circulation
of water through pipes or tubes, such pipes or tubes being in immediate
or nearly immediate contact with a high degree of heat. In carrying out my
Invention with reference to my Patents above referred to, I place in the
P

page_text: interior of the pipes which are in my former Patent of the 31st day of March
last, termed the "feed coil," pipes of smaller diameter, the portion of such
smaller pipe which is in the interior of that part of the feed coil in immediate
or nearly immediate contact with the fire being perforated with holes to allow
the passage of the water through such perforations into the larger or main
pipe. By this means the water in the larger pipe is never converted into
such a state as to prevent its circulation. It will be obvious that this Inven-
tion is particularly applicable to the tubes of tubular boilers, and to many
descriptions of heating apparatus.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Stephen Bateson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd August 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, SAMUEL
STEPHEN BATESON, of Bolton Street, May Fair, in the County of Middlesex:
Barrister-at-Law, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the year
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors. give and grant
unto me, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, Her special license that I,the said
Samuel Stephen Bateson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, my executors, administrators,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, au
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING STEAM AND IN HEATING APPARATUS.
AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and, by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to certain improvements upon and modifications
of the apparatus or means for generating steam, for which I obtained Letters
Patent, bearing date respectively the Thirtieth of December 1858, No. 2995,
and the 31st of March 1859, No. 809, which improvements or modifications are
applicable in all cases where the heating of liquids or the generation of steam
is required, and generally where it is desired to allow a free circulation of
water through pipes or tubes subjected to a high degree of heat. In carrying
out my Invention with reference to my said Patents herein-before referred to,
I place in the interior of the "feed coil" described in the Specification of my
said Patent of the 31st of March, a pipe of considerably smaller diameter
than such feed coil " pipe, and cause perforations or slits to be made in such
internal pipe at the parts coinciding with those portions of the outer pipe or
"feed coil" which are in immediate or nearly immediate contact with the fire;
and I connect one or both ends of the internal or perforated pipe with the
water space of the boiler or steam generator, the pressure of the column of
water keeping the small pipe supplied, and when steam is generated, its pres-
sure upon the water in the boiler will force a supply of such water through
the perforations or slits above referred to in the internal pipe into the "feed
coil at those parts where, by reason of the great heat, the water which is
being circulated through such "feed coil," has a tendency to assume the sphe-
roidal, state, or to become converted into steam, by which means the burning
or destruction of the "feed coil" is entirely prevented, as a constant supply of
water at a lower temperature than that in the "feed coil" is maintained,
whilst at the same time the water in the "feed coil" in never brought into,
such a state as to prevent its flow or free passage therethrough. In the
absence of steam pressure, the supply from the inner pipe may be maintained,
solely by the difference in the temperature of the water in the two pipes.
If found desirable, the internal perforated pipe may be kept constantly
supplied with water by being connected with a tank or other convenient source
of supply placed at a higher level than such internal pipe.
My present Invention is also applicable to a certain class of tubular boilers
wherein the water circulates through the tubes, and the fire plays round their
external surfaces. The mode of such application consisting in fitting such
tubes with internal perforated or slotted tubes of smaller diamter, which are
kept constantly supplied, with water as herein-before described.
My improvements may also be applied generally to all vessels employed in

page_text: the heating of liquids, the mode of such application consisting in fitting lengths
of circulating tubes to the vessels in such a position that they will be exposed
to the action of the fire, such tubes opening at both ends into the bottom or
sides of the vessel, and being provided with an inner perforated or slotted
tube of smaller diameter also opening into the vessel at one or both ends, as
herein before described. I prefer generally that the inner perforated tube be
maintained in a central or nearly central position as regards the outer heating
pipe or "feed coil" by means of suitable guides or supports, which prevent the
inner tube from coming in contact at any part with the inner sides of the outer
pipe or "feed coil," whereby the inner pipe is always surrounded by water.
In some cases, and particularly in high-pressure engines, I prefer to have
the cock or valve which leads to the tank or source of water supply so con-
structed as to allow a small quantity of water, proportionate to the size of
the feed, to pass at all times to the feed pump. This may be effected by
cutting a groove round the plug of the cock, or by making one or more
small perforations or notches in the valve.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall
now proceed more particularly to describe one modification of the same as
applied to a set of marine boilers, and for that purpose I shall refer to the
several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the same letters
of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a front elevation of a set of marine
engine boilers, fitted with my improved "feed coil" or heater; and Figure 2
is a sectional plan of a portion of the coil detached, shewing the portion of
the internal perforated or slotted pipe. The rest of the Figures are sectional
details of valves and connections, which I shall herein-after inore particularly
describe and refer to.
A is the front plate of the boilers, and B, B, the furnaces. The "feed coil"
C is secured by suitable clips or other attachments to the crown of each fur-
nace, entering and leaving each furnace above the fire doors, as shewn, so that
one coil, of the form shewn in Figure 2, receives the heat of two furnaces;
one limb c of the coil being in one furnace, and the other limb c¹ in the sister
furnace, whilst the curved part d'of the coil is contained within the flue or
passage at the back of and uniting the two furnaces. At this part the two
halves of the "feed coil" C and of the internal perforated pipe D are secured
together by union or other joints, as shewn in the Drawing, the joint of the
external pipe being properly protected from the direct action of the fire by an
outer casing or covering of cast iron, as shewn in Figure 2. In Figure 1 two
"coils" are représented, namely, one for each pair of furnaces, but as the con-

page_text: struction and fittings of both coils are precisely the same, I shall only refer to
one of them.
One end of the "coil" is connected by means of an internal screwed elbow
bend E (shewn in section at Figure 3), or other suitable joint, to a branch
pipe F, which is secured to the lateral branch G of the supply regulating
valve H, shewn in section on an enlarged scale detached at Figure 4, whilst
the opposite end of the coil over the adjoining furnace door is similarly con-
nected to a branch pipe I, leading to a stop-cock J, which opens direct into
the boiler. The internal perforated pipe D is maintained in a proper central
or nearly central position inside the "feed coil" C by suitable guides or sup-
ports a, a, fitted thereon or upon the inner sides of the "feed coil," so that the
two pipes will not be in actual contact with each other. This internal per-
forated pipe,after traversing the entire length of the "coil," is secured at each
end to the two elbow bends above the fire doors, as shewn in Figure 3, where
it opens into the small branch pipes D',DI,leading into the water space of the
boiler. By this arrangement it follows that there will always be a supply of
water inside the perforated pipe, and that such water, by reason of the pres-
sure inside the boiler, will constantly tend to flow through the perforations into
the feed coil, and keep it always supplied with water in case the feed water
therein should at any time have a tendency by reason of the intense heat to
become entirely vapourised or assume the spheroidal state, thereby impeding
the regular flow of the feed water and endangering the "coil." The cold feed
water enters the apparatus by the vertical pipe K, which is connected by a
union joint L to the bottom of the valve casing H (Figure 4). M is an ordi-
nary clack valve, and N a conical plug, shewn clearly in transverse section at
Figure 5. This plug is cast hollow and is ground into the valve casing,and
is retained therein by the plate O, bolted to the flanges on the top of the
casing. P and Q are two lateral openings made in the hollow plug,and so
placed that the "feed coil" may be turned on, as shewn by the black lines in
Figure 5, or shut off, as shewn by the red lines in the same Figure; the
branch R, which leads direct into the boiler, being in the former case closed,
so that the entire flow will take place through the "feed coil," and in the latter
case open, so as to direct the feed water at once into the boiler without enter-
ing the "feed coil" in case of any accident happening thereto. If desired, the
plug may beso turned as to shut off both the "feed coil" and the direct entrance
to the boiler. S is the haudle for turning the plug, and T is an indicator for
shewing the position of the valve, the surface of the plate O being divided for
that purpose. Figure 6 is a section of a modified form of valve or cock, the
pluga of which is cut awa laterally to such an extent as to admit of two of the

page_text: three waterways b, c, and d, being always open, so that the feed which enters
atb may either be directed to the coil at c,as shewn in the Drawing,or directed
at once into the boiler through the passage d, the feed being then shut off.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,―
First, the general construction and arrangement of apparatus for generating
steam and heating liquids, as herein-before described.
Second, the system or mode of generating steam and heating liquids, by
causing the liquid to be heated or converted into steam, to flow or circulate
through heating pipes or "feed coils" provided with inner perforated or slotted
pipes of smaller diameter, which are also constantly supplied with water or
liquid, for the purpose herein-before described.
Third, the peculiar constructions and arrangements of cocks or valves leading
from the source of water supply, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Stephen Bateson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty.
SAMUEL STEPHEN BATESON, (L.B.)