matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER FOR PRO- PELLING OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Leggett Budden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th December
1862. A communication from abroad by Woodford Pilkington, Civil
Engineer, of the Cape of Good Hope.
I, JOHN LEGGETT BUDDEN, of Fenchurch Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER FOR PRO-
PELLING OR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements upon an Invention (which was
fully described in the Final Specification) for which Letters Patent were
granted to me, dated September 22nd, 1860, No. 2317, for "Improvements
in the Application of Steam or Highly Rarefied Gas or other Aeriform Fluid
to Obtain Motive Power for Propelling or other Purposes," which Invention
was also communicated to me by Woodford Pilkington.
The present improvements consist in the application of a fixed steam guard
or guards (by preference, of a cylindrical form) to the screw propeller or
turbine wheel described in the Specification before referred to, and within the
circumference of which the blades or vanes of the screw or turbine wheel
revolve. This "guard" is suitably fixed so as to be entirely independent of
the "screw" or "turbine" wheel revolving within it. The inner circum-
ference of this steam guard is furnished with floats or steps which cross the
direction of the pitch of the screw somewhat like the steps of a treadmill
or teeth of a wheel with internal cogs, and upon which the steam or other
propelling medium is caused to impinge as it issues from the passages, termi-

page_text: nating at the periphery of the blade or vanes of the screw or turbine wheel,
by which arrangement, in the application of this Invention to a submerged
screw propeller, the steam or other fluid in discharging is projected against
the "steam guard" in place of going directly into the water, as described in
the former Specification. The guard or cylindrical ring may completely
surround or enclose the screw or turbine, except being open at each end, or
it may be formed in belts or zones placed over the emitting orifices. The
steam passages are, by preference, lined or protected by non-conducting
material in order to avoid condensation of the steam or vapour in its passage
from the steam pipe to the emitting orifices.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF PRESERVING GOODS FROM FIRE, AND IN APPARATUS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th October
1862. A communication from abroad by Mr. Paulin Gay, of 29,
Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Contractor for Public Works.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF PRESERVING GOODS FROM FIRE, AND IN
APPARATUS FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements for the prevention of fires in
arsenals, workshops, or magazines. For this purpose I place the merchandize
or combustible materials on small trucks placed on inclined planes in proximity
to basins or channels filled with water when left to themselves; these trucks
carry the merchandize with which they are charged into the water, in order to
cover them with water, being simply retained in position by means of detents
or stops. When a fire breaks out all the catches are disconnected, which
allows the trucks to roll of themselves into the water channels, together with
the merchandize. These improvements are especially applicable to stores of
wood, tar, or cordage in marine arsenals. The trucks carrying the materials
to be saved, or the receptacles containing the same, which trucks I make all
of iron, may themselves pass into the water; but I prefer to arrange the ways

page_text: or rails, and otherwise so circumstance them that after they have passed over
the edge of the basin sufficiently, the weight of the materials thereon tilt the
truck over, and precipitate themselves into the water, the truck being held
from going further by a suitable chain. The detent I use consists of a lever
mounted on a fixed pivot taking into a detent cam mounted on a barrel
carrying the chain by which the truck or trucks are held, this when released
allows sufficient of the chain to unwind to produce the result above described.
IMPROVED ARRANGE- MENTS TO FACILITATE THE CLEANING AND REPAIRING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Hay at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th May
1862.
I, JOHN HAY, of Troon, in the County of Ayr, North Britain, Shipbuilder,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVED ARRANGE-
MENTS TO FACILITATE THE CLEANING AND REPAIRING OF SHIPS' BOTTOMS," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object to obviate the necessity for and expence
of putting a ship in a dry dock, or upon a patent slip, for the purpose of
cleaning or repairing her bottom, and consists of arrangements for enabling
her to be easily careened afloat, so that first one side of her bottom may
be turned out of the water to be cleaned or repaired, and then the other, the
arrangements being such also as to impart increased strength and security to
the ship.
The Invention consists in applying weight above the centre of gravity to
one side of the ship, until that side is brought sufficiently down in the water to
cause the opposite side of the bottom to be exposed as far as is necessary.
The arrangements for effecting this, according to one modification, consists in
forming water-tight compartments or casings along the inside of the ship's
bulwarks, or at as high a part of the ship's side as possible or convenient.
Pumps, arranged to be worked by manual, steam, or other convenient power,
are provided, along with sets of pipes and valves for filling the compartments

page_text: or casings with water to depress the side of the ship, and discharge valves are
also provided for emptying the compartments when the ship is to be righted
again. In the case of vessels which are sufficiently stable when empty no
further provisions may be necessary, but in the case of vessels which are at all
tender or crank, a water-tight box kelson should be adopted to be filled with
water to give sufficient stability. Or other water-tight compartments or
casings may be provided instead of or in addition to the box kelson, and the
narrow angular spaces at the bow and stern of the vessel may be enclosed
by water-tight bulkheads for the purpose of being filled with water ballast.
Where there is any danger of the vessel being unstable in her careened position
so as to be at all liable to overturn, buoyant compartments or casings are
provided to counteract such tendency. Thus an air casing may be formed
above or within the water casing along the ship's bulwarks. In the case of a
ship with a poop or topgallant forecastle or both, these may be fitted so as by
water-tight doors to be made capable of excluding the water, whereby their
enclosed spaces will by their buoyancy prevent a greater inclination of the ship
than is desired. The pumps for filling the water casings may be adapted to
serve as the ordinary ships' pumps, and if steam power is used for working
them, a small portable boiler and engine for the purpose may be mounted
upon a swinging frame, so as to have its level unaffected by the turning over
of the ship.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF TELEGRAPHIC CABLES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Patrick Sarsfield Devlan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
28th July 1862.
I, PATRICK SARSFIELD DEVLAN, of the Commercial Foundry, Commercial
Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF TELEGRAPHIC CABLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a novel method of constructing cables to be
employed for telegraphic purposes, such cables consisting of a number of
insulated wires, collected and arranged together to form the cable, and is
designed for the purposes of flexibility, durability, tenacity, and strength.
The improvement consists in coating the wires to be insulated with a
composition consisting of about eight pounds of paper or other fibrous
pulp, half a pound of caoutchouc or gutta percha, with one pound of resin,
or thereabouts. The composition is thus applied:-I take one or more of
the ordinary conducting wires, over which I put a complete coating of the
composition in any required thickness; this coating of the composition is
put on while the latter is in a soft condition, and may be applied by suitable
dies or "drawing" machines for the purpose; when the coating bas become
sufficiently dry I braid or plait over it a covering of fine strong cord; over
this covering of cord I apply another coating of the composition, and over it
another cord covering, and so on until the cable is completed.
AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFTING JACKS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Keatley and Jaines Tangye
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
5th June 1862.
We, JOHN KEATLEY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Com.
mercial Clerk, and JAMES TANGYE, of the Firm of Tangye, Brothers, and
Price, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFTING
JACKS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the arrangement or combination of parts of
lifting jacks herein-after explained, by which arrangement or combination a
simple and inexpensive lifting jack is made. The frame of the jack is
rectangular in cross section, being made of bars or plates of iron rivetted
together. In the said frame the ram of the jack, which is made in the form
of a rack, slides. The bottom of the said ram or rack has a claw or foot,
which may be placed under the article to be raised. The said ram or rack is
raised and maintained in its raised position in the following manner:-At the
top of the jack a lever is situated, jointed by means of links to the upper end
of the frame. The short end of this lever can be made to engage with and
be disengaged from the teeth of the before-mentioned rack, the said end of the
lever being rounded, so as to fit in the said teeth. The short end of the lever
being engaged with one of the teeth of the rack, its longer arm is depressed,
and the rack or ram is raised by the said short end of the lever a distance

page_text: equal to the pitch of the rack. The lever is then released from the rack, and
its end made to engage with a tooth of the rack next below that with which
it was first engaged, and the rack or ram is again raised, and so on till the
article has been raised the required height. The ram or rack is maintained
in its raised position, after the disengagement of the lever from the rack, by
means of a self-acting lever or catch below the raising lever. This catch or
lever turns on a centre in the frame of the jack, and its ends are so shaped
that they can engage with the teeth of the rack. The said catch or lever is.
so constructed, that its upper and lower ends are made alternately to engage
with the rack, so that during the raising of the rack, it is never without a
support in some of its teeth. The foot or claw at the bottom of the ram or
rack works in a slot or opening in the frame of the jack. The ram or rack
may be supported by a pall or click engaging with teeth on the side of the
ram or rack, instead of by the catch or lever described, or other rack and pall
arrangements may be used for that purpose.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DESTROYING VERMIN
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederik William Werner at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd January 1862.
I, FREDERIK WILLIAM WERNER, of Mannheim, in the Grand Duchy of
Baden, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DESTROYING VERMIN," to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists of a lower part or case of circular, oval, or other
form on the plan, either furnished with feet and open at the bottom, or having
perforations or openings around or in the bottom for the admission of air, or
having both. For the purpose of removing the apparatus, and carrying it.
about, a wooden handle may be made to project therefrom. Upon this stand
is mounted a kettle-like or tea-pot-like vessel, having instead of a moveable
lid a screw plug for the purpose of filling it with water or other fluid; close to
the top part of this vessel is a nozzle piece or opening into which a jet piece
of suitable shape is to be screwed. A lamp for burning spirits, oil, or other
suitable liquid is placed below the bottom of the upper vessel and lighted when
ready for use. The upper vessel being partially filled with water, or with any
other vapourizable liquid, the steam or vapour generated within the vessel is
projected through the tapered nozzle or jet pipe with considerable force against
the object or articles in which the vermin are secreted, or upon which they
are. The apparatus being small is easily carried about. By this means not
only the living vermin are destroyed, but also the eggs or ovum of such vermin,
thus preventing the further propagation of the species in such article or object.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCARFS OR CRAVATS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Roger Gresty at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th August.
1862.
I, ROGER GRESTY, of Packington Street, Íslington, in the County of Middle-
sex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCARFS OR CRAVATS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to manufacturo cravats in such a manner
that they shall have the appearance of a tied scarf or cravat when placed on
the neck of the wearer.
I propose covering a piece of card, buckram, or other suitable stiff material
with any description of satin, silk, or other material of which scarfs are
ordinarily composed, and then crossing two pieces one over the other to form
the ends thereof, the interior being padded. The piece of stiff material is
hollowed out at top to fit the front of the neck; and is to be about four or five
inches square, or may be oblong, deeper, and narrower to fill up the space or
opening of the waistcoat. Thus it will appear that when it is placed on the
breast it only requires a piece of elastic material to fasten on to or around the
shirt button of the neck to keep the cravat up in its position, the top corners
thereof passing under the corners of the collar; or in lieu of a piece of elastic,
a button, buttons, studs, or hooks may be attached to the back of the cravat
and placed in the button hole of the shirt front, thereby keeping it always in

page_text: its proper place. One of the principal objects of this Invention is that the
neck of the wearer is not confined as with a scarf or neckerchief. The scarf
pin may be permanently fixed in the cravat, and thus prevent any creasing or
refolding when adjusting it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th December
1862. A communication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Sabatier Blot,
of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Photographer.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved arrangement of dark chamber for
photographic purposes, having a laboratory combined therewith, which permits
of its being used in the open air. This laboratory, which is completely closed,
is placed under the chamber, and is formed of several compartments containing
the different baths, in which the plates descend successively by varying the
position of said compartments or baths.
The apparatus is represented in the annexed Drawing, in which Fig. 1
shows a back elevation, the slide for obtaining the focus being opened;
Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal vertical section, showing it as arranged before
commencing the operation; Fig. 3, a similar section after the operation;
while Fig. 4 shows a detail of the cover carrying the plate holder. The same
letters of reference indicate like parts in the several Figures seen in different
positions.
A, upper or dark chamber sliding and otherwise constructed, as in ordinary;
B, lower rectangular box, having a smaller one C in its interior, open at top,
and containing a series of vertical divisions D ranged parallel, to each other,

page_text: their number being varied according to the number of operations to which the
plates are to be subjected. The box C is moved from the exterior by means
of a flat rod E, having perforations at equal distances apart, into which a
hook F takes for fixing each bath in position before the descent of the plate
holder; G, hinged slide for obtaining a focus; it has a vertical groove H, in
which slides a rod I, fixed to the plate holder J, represented separately at
Fig. 4, the position of which is regulated by means of button I. The plate
holder J, when at its highest elevation, engages itself in a spring catch K, and
is there held without the aid of button I, while in order to lower the plate
holder it is simply necessary to pull the button L inwards; M, strips of india-
rubber, one end of which is fixed at point N, and the other end to cross piece O
of the plate holder; this strip serves, when raising the plate holder J, to close
the groove H, to prevent the admission of light into the interior of the appa-
ratus. B¹, space in the box B for depositing the plates, bottles, and other
requisites; this additional chamber completes the apparatus, which combines
-every necessary for use. The vertical divisions forming the baths I make,
according to this Invention, of plate or other glass, united together by means
of liquid gutta percha.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING SHIPS, VESSELS, FORTS, AND BATTERIES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Maw at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd May
1862.
I, EDWIN MAW, of Leamington, in the County of Warwick, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CONSTRUCTING SHIPS, VESSELS, FORTS, AND BATTERIES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in certain improvements in constructing ships, vessels,
forts, and batteries. For these purposes I construct hollow armour plates
and backing by combining corrugated sheet metal with other forms or
descriptions of iron, steel, or homogeneous metal; the corrugations of one or
more of these corrugated plates abutting against each other, or against a
middle uncorrugated plate or plates. By these means with the same weight
of metal I produce a greater resisting strength, and a strong body capable of
resisting the shock caused by the concussion of projectiles with the outer plated
surfaces. By means of a middle plate I facilitate the jointing and overlap of
the corrugated plates, and reduce the strain upon the fastenings. In order to
produce a uniform bearing and resistance when using middle plates, I form in
such plates at such intervals as may be desired corrugations corresponding
with the corrugations of the other plates; the other parts of the middle plates
being left plain or flat, by which means what may be termed curved tongues
are produced, which contribute with the other parts of these plates materially to
retain all parts in a sound condition.

page_text: In order to prevent the splitting of the solid iron armour plates, similar to
those now in use, ferrules or casings in one or more parts are used, shrunk
into an inner tube, made in whole or in part of iron, steel, or homogeneous
metal; and I further cover. the bolts or rivets to be made either hollow or
solid for fastening the armour plates or backing together, or to the vessel or
backing with casings of steel, iron, or homogeneous metal for the purpose of
strengthening them and preventing them splitting.
In order to obtain a flush surface for receiving thick outer armour plates or
an outer skin, I apply plates or bars, by preference with ribs or beads at the
backs, in order to cover the hollows or valleys of the corrugated plates. The
corrugations of the plate are so formed and applied that the corrugations are
vertical when in the structure.
In some cases the corrugated plates, whether a middle uncorrugated plate
be used between them or not, are fixed together by hollow rivets, through
which long bolts are passed, by which the outer and inner plates are fixed to
each other and to the corrugated plates between them.
In other cases solid rivets are employed to fasten the corrugated plates
where the corrugations butt together, and then the outer and inner skins,
whether of armour plating or otherwise, are fastened to each other and to the
corrugated plates by bolts passed through other parts thereof.
In some cases hollow cast plates are employed as armour or as backing
plates.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Brown Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
December 1862.
I, EDWARD BROWN WILSON, of 5, Parliament Street, in the City of West-
minster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR ROLLING METALS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of conical
rolling mill, and consists in driving one roll direct from the main shaft by
suitable gearing, the other roll being driven direct from the first roll by inter-
mediate gearing, or it may be found that the pressure applied to the rollers
will be sufficient to drive the second roll, in which case the intermediate
gearing may be dispensed with. One of the rolls is adjusted either by screw,
or cam, or hydraulic power. In the case of rolling hoops, tyres, and similar
articles, in order to keep them perfectly circular, I place one, two, or more
guide rollers in the plané of motion. The framing of the rolling mill
is of course peculiarly adapted to suit this arrangement either vertically or
horizontally.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOLING COFFEE BERRIES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Little and John Little
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 22nd January 1862.
We, THOMAS LITTLE and JOHN LITTLE, both of Alston, in the County of
Cumberland, Grocer and Whitesmith, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COOLING COFFEE BERRIES,"
to be as follows:-
This apparatus consists of a box, or other suitable receptacle, in which
is disposed a cylinder of wirework or other reticulated material mounted on a
horizontal axle, on which it rotates, and its diameter occupies for the most
part the depth of the box, and its length the entire width thereof. The
box is furnished with a suitable lid for access to the cylinder, and the cylinder
has a longitudinal slide, opening, or lid at which to introduce coffee, and to
empty it out of the cylinder. At the one end of the box is disposed a fan
blowing machine, which introduces a blast of cold air while the other end of
box may be of wirework, or otherwise open for the escape of the air. The
cylinder has projecting ledges in the interior, so that during its rotation the
coffee is continually being raised by the ledges, and allowed to fall after
attaining a certain height. The cylinder is rotated by a winch handle, or
otherwise on its axis, this again gives motion by toothed gear to an inter-
mediate stud wheel, from which a band imparts a multiplied motion to the
fan. A drawer is disposed at the lower part of the box, into which the coffee

page_text: is emptied from the cylinder, when cooled it is conducted into the drawer by
inclined shoots; magnetic bars may be placed along their edges for the attrac-
tion of nails, & their separation from the coffee. The coffee being introduced
to the cylinder by the lid, while hot, as described, the machine is set in motion
by which means the coffee is agitated, & the cold air at same time being con-
strained to pass amongst it, it soon becomes cooled.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Henri Boyer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st March
1862.
I, PIERRE HENRI BOYER, of Paris, France, Glove Maker, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to the manufacture of half or ankle boots and shoes
and consists in making the uppers entirely without seam as hereafter explained.
I take a piece of leather of a size suitable for the intended boot or shoe and
render it supple by soaking in water or other suitable liquid. I then remove
it from the water and while still wet by means of a forked lever press it into
contact with every part except the bottom or sole of a last which is the
counterpart of the boot or shoe to be manufactured. I then secure the edges
of the leather to the bottom of the last, and when dry, or nearly so, the blocked
upper is ready for the reception of the welt and sole which may be applied
by pegging or sewing, springs may be inserted in the uppers for which pur-
poso incisions must be made to admit them.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN Locks
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Pringle at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th June
1862.
I, ARCHIBALD PRINGLE, of 39, Glo'ster Crescent, Camden Town, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
Locks," to be as follows:-
That it consists of six bolt checks, each check being complete in itself by
having its own self-acting spring, and if all the checks were brought into their
proper position they could not be retained so as to let the bolt pass with any
instrument or instruments but its own key, a shield passing before the checks
cutting off all communication with the key hole, thereby making it impossible
to pick, and in case of a key being lost or stolen the checks can have their
position changed, thereby making the lost key useless.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TARGETS OR BUTTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Taylor Pritchett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on. the 20th.
February 1862.
I, ROBERT TAYLOR PRITCHETT, of Saint James' Street, in the City of
Westminster, Gun Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TARGETS OR BUTTS," to be as follows:-
My Invention refers to such targets or butts as are used for leaden. pro-
jećtiles, and consists in facing them with lead in order that the projectiles may
become fixed thereto or therein, and the loss of the lead, of which the pro-
jectiles are formed may be thereby prevented. In some cases I dispense with
a backing, and fit blocks, plates, or pieces of lead in frames.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROJECTILES FOR ORDNANCE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
April 1862. A communication from abroad by Henry Tatem Potter,
of Sprague, County of New London, Connecticut, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office of Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN PROJECTILES FOR ORDNANCE,"
to be as follows:-
The principal object of this Invention is to obtain a projectile which will
not ricochet on striking the surface of water, but will enter the water and
penetrate bodies which are submerged, and therefore be effective against
armour plated vessels which have their plates continued downwards only to or
a little below the water line. In order to attain this end the projectile is
constructed externally of cylindrical or other form to fit the bore of the gun in
which it is to be used, and is hollowed out internally in taper form. By this
means a sharp front edge of circular or annular form, corresponding with the
bore of the gun is made at the front end of the projectile, and a hollow passage
is made clear through the projectile, which is provided at its rear end with a
sabot or plug which closes the aperture, and also assists in expanding the rear
end of the projectile so as to make it fit the bore of the gun.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MAKING ICES AND COLD BEVERAGES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emerich Kolbenheyer at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th May
1862.
I, EMERICH KOLBENHEYER, of Vienna, Austria, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MAKING ICES AND
COLD BEVERAGES," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to apparatus for manufacturing.ices or for cooling
beverages, and they consist in arranging the same in such manner that by
means of a winch handle with suitable gearing and proper connecting and
working parts a rapid revolving motion may with the utmost facility be imparted
at pleasure either to an inner vessel turning on a proper pivot and inserted in
a pail or outer vessel, or to a suitable stirring apparatus contained in the said
inner vessel, which latter is to contain the cream or beverage to be cooled
down or to be made into ice by the effect of the ice or other frigorific mixture
contained in the outer vessel.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER CARRIAGES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Valentine Orlowski at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd October
1862.
I, VALENTINE ORLOWSKI, of Spring Gardens, Worcester, in the County of
Worcester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MOTIVE-POWER CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain arrangements of mechanism whereby
carriages may be propelled on common roads by manual labor. I propose to
attach to and fix on the axle of the driving wheels at the centre thereof a
small toothed pinion, into which a larger toothed wheel is made to gear, and
which latter wheel is mounted on an axle set in bearings upon a standard in
front of the driving seat, the standard being bolted to the framework of the
carriage; or I cause the driving axle to be worked by means of an endless
chain in lieu of toothed gearing. A winch handle is attached to the axle of
the driving toothed wheel, or the wheel over which the endless chain passes,
by which means the driver actuates the main driving wheels, and thus causes
them to rotate, and thereby propel the carriage. The mechanism may be
modified if desired by causing the large toothed wheel to gear into a pinion
on an independent shaft set in bearing journals bolted to the framework, and
on which axle a second large toothed wheel may be set in such position as to
gear with the main action pinion, by means of which I propose to gain power,
and multiply the speed of the carriage accordingly. The carriage is to be

page_text: steered by means of an under locking plate, which is to be turned in the
required direction by the action of the feet of the driver upon pedals or treddles
having connecting rods and gearing attached thereto, or by means of a vertical
stem turned by a handle.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PARTS OF RAILWAY TRUCKS AND WAGGONS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Nethersole at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th May 1862.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NETHERSOLE, of the Town of Swansea, in the County
of Glamorgan, District Carriage Superintendent of the Great Western Railway
Company, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PARTS OF RAILWAY TRUCKS AND WAGGONS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE
APPLICABLE TO RAILWAY CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
My Invention of "Improvements in Parts of Railway Trucks and Waggons,
Parts of which are applicable to Railway Carriages," is as follows:-Firstly,
for the prevention of loss of life and damage to stock by accidents arising from
failure of draw gear on railway carriages and waggons; and, secondly, for
affording facilities for unloading coal or other minerals from railway trucks.
First, from the manner in which the side chains are usually attached to
railway rolling stock, and in the event of the draw gear giving way, the ends
of the waggons are frequently pulled out, or the waggons are otherwise
damaged by strain coming suddenly on to the side chains, and being by them
conveyed to the framing of the waggons. In order to remedy this, and also
with a view to prevent other accidents likely to arise from the same cause, I
propose to make the draw bar, the ends of which are enclosed in a cradle, act
upon springs of india-rubber, or other suitable elastic material, which springs
shall be attached or fixed on the ends of the side chain rods, so that in the

page_text: event of the draw bar or any portion of the draw gear failing, the strain
would immediately fall upon the side chains, which would, if fitted according
to my principle, act as draw chains, and prevent the train from parting, or any
damage or other accident arising.
Secondly, on the ends of trucks or waggons I place an end door or flap,
which not only if necessary forms an end to the truck, but when opened forms
a shoot for facilitating the tipping from railway waggons. This shoot can be
used either with or without a hanging flap or end of truck, as by increasing its
beight it would act in itself as an end flap or door.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BASES OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Maurice Gabriel and Arnold
Gabriel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 1st March 1862.
We, MAURICE GABRIEL and ARNOLD GABRIEL, of 33, Ludgato Hill, in the
City of London, and 27, Harley Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of
Middlesex, & of Liverpool and Birmingham, do hereby declaro the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BASES OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the production of an unalterable and non-
irritant substance, imitating as near as possible the natural bone and gum,
dispensing in the manufacture thereof with any injurious substance, or color,
or preparation of arsenic and mercury, the said composition to be hereafter
known as osteo-eidon or artificial bone.
In making this base for artificial teeth, we form a compound of india-rubber,
sulphur, phosphate of lime and soda in the following proportions, viz.:-
India-rubber
Sulphur
Phosphate of lime
7 parts
2
2
"
,"
G

page_text: We do not confine ourselves to these exact proportions; they can be varied
as circumstances may require.
The said compound is then moulded and hardened by well-known processes,
and, being adapted and polished after the usual method, the entire piece is
submitted to the action of a powerful electro-galvanic battery for. the purpose
of depositing a thick coating or envelope of pure gold over the entire base,
or in such parts only as may be required by the peculiarities of the case.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Alfraise at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th October
1862.
I, PIERRE ALFRAISE, of 51, Rue de Malte, Paris, in the Empire of France,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to sewing machines both of the shuttle description and
other kinds.
My first improvement consists in actuating the needle carrier by a jointed
frame or parallelogram, which consists of four jointed or articulated levers,
bars, rods, or arms, and acts as the tension piece for giving tension to the
thread. By this arrangement the noisy gearing in present use is dispensed
with.
My second improvement consists in the employment of a cam or an
excentric, or a round plate, or disc, on which is a groove or grooves, or slot or
slots in the form of a volute, for the purpose of actuating the parallelogram or
jointed frame.
My third improvement consists in combining a pulley or wheel with a
stationary excentric or cam, whereby I obtain the stopping interval of the
needle while the shuttle is passing.
My fourth improvement, which is applicable to glove sewing and other
descriptions of sewing machines, consists in communicating to the needle

page_text: carrier, in addition to its to-and-fro motion, a shifting motion, or motion
whereby it shifts or changes its position at each stroke of the needle, in such
manner that the stitches come in two rows a short distance apart, the direction
of the rows being in parallel right lines or side by side, but the stitches falling
alternately or intermediately, as shown in the Drawing, the first, third, fifth,
and so on, i.e., every other stitch, a, a, a, a, a, and so on, coming on the
fabric in a row, while the intermediate ones, i.e., second, fourth, and so on,
c, c, cl, cl, come on one side of them, as shewn; thus, when the stitching is
completed, the two parts so whipped or whip-stitched may be unfolded or
opened out; the needle to obtain this shifting motion is fitted in its carrier or
stock excentrically, or a short distance from the centre thereof, and the needle
carrier at each up-and-down stroke, whether worked by a parallelogram or
jointed frame or other means is caused to make a half turn or turn half round,
thereby causing the needle to work excentrically or to each side alternately.
This half turn to each side alternately may be given by a spring and two
sockets or boxes in the piece that holds the needle carrier, or by other
means..
AN IMPROVED WRAPPER GARMENT
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Veronique at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st January
1862.
I, CHARLES VERONIQUE, of Rue Thaitbout, Paris, in the Empire of France,
Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
WRAPPER GARMENT," to be as follows:-
My improved wrapper garment relates to an article which is suitable for a
railway rug or wrapper, and at same time easily convertible into a morning
gown. I take a rectangular pieces of material, the breadth of which is
proportioned somewhat according to the height of the wearer, so as to be used
as a morning gown, and the length according to the amplitude of the wrapper,
requiring generally greater length in that direction than is necessary for the
length of the gown. I narrow this piece of fabric on the one side by cutting
into it in positions suitable for the sleeves of the gown, and removing an angular
piece at each cut part. The edges of the openings cut in the fabric being.
brought together form a mere slit, into which the sleeves are sewn, the top of
which, over the shoulder, come to a point. The contraction formed by the
pieces removed from the fabric is continued a little below the waist, but the
openings terminate with the arm-holes of the sleeve.. I sew a collar to the one
edge of the wrapper (that is to say, adjoining the sleeves) but of considerably
greater length than ordinary collars, and which, with the corners of the rug
(forming the lapels of the gown) admits of the whole being spread out some-
what like an ordinary rug or wrapper. To contract the collar to proper

page_text: proportions I form a casing in it, and run tapes or cords therein, by which it
can be drawn up and tied round the neck of the wearer. I also introduce a
casing in the middle of the fabric in the position of the waist of the gown,
and place tapes or cords therein, so as to contract and draw it up to suitable
proportions for wear as a gown. These cords also serve to tie it round the
waist. I apply a double thickness of the material on two edges of suitable
breadth to form the facings of the gown. These extend backward to the
sleeve above, but taper off towards the foot. I also apply a double thickness
on the back extending down below the waist, leaving it unstitched down the
back part of the sleeves at the shoulder, which form pockets in which to put
the sleeves when used as a rug, as also the hands of the wearer, if required.
The whole garment is suitably stitched and finished, and may have a woollen
fringe along the edge as in railway rugs, or may be braided or otherwise
trimmed or ornamented, if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUPPORTING AND PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st January 1862.-A communication from abroad by Auguste
Salzmann, of Paris, France.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SUPPORTING AND PROPELLING VESSELS," (communicated
to me from abroad by Auguste Salzmann, of Paris, France,) to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in supporting vessels on the water, and propelling
them by means of two or more sets of drums; one set or all of which is or
are armed with floats or paddles. The vessel may be cylindrical, and may be
made conical, or of any other convenient shape, both at bow and at stern. It
is supported clear of the water, but may be furnished with a keel entering the
water. The paddle drums are driven by steam or other power contained in
the vessel. The vesssel may be suspended from the drum shafts by strong
springs similar to those used for locomotive engines. The vessels may be
furnished with one or two rudders.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CRADLES OR SWING COTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th June 1862.-A communication from abroad by Hans Nannestad,
of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Merchant.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CRADLES OR SWING COTS," a communication from abroad by
Hans Nannestad, of Stockholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, Merchant, to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of rendering cradles or swing cots self-
oscillating, and consists in applying to one or both of the standards or supports
a clock mechanism consisting of a barrel spring, which imparts motion to a
revolving eccentric pin through a pair of spur wheels. The eccentric pin
works in a suitable opening or slot in an escapement lever, which transmits
the oscillating motion to the body of the cradle or cot, so soon as the spring is
wound up; provision is also made for disengaging the clock mechanism when
desired, and a stop or pin is used for stopping the oscillations, when the cradle
is required to be at rest.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Darlinson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th June
1862.
I, GEORGE DARLINSON, of Much Park Street, in the City of Coventry,
in the County of Warwick, Ribbon Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RIBBONS,"
to be as follows:-
In addition to warp of the ordinary kind which is used and woven together
in the usual way whether to produce a plain or figured ribbon, I use as part of
the warp of my improved ribbons, whether plain or figured, a certain quantity of
chenille or narrow velvet, and the velvet may be either plain edged or of the
kind usually known as stamped. The said chenilles or velvets are passed
through the harness and slay of the loom and are caused by the usual means
to work into the fabric of the ribbon or to float on the face of the same or upon
the back of it or to become attached to its edge as may be necessary to
produce the effect desired, viz. a pattern produced by the appearance in the
required places of the chenille or velvet on a pileless ground.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPLITTING LEATHER, AND ALSO FOR MAKING USABLE LEATHER OUT OF WASTE PIECES, LIKEWISE THE MACHY NECESSARY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE SAME
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Butlin at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st October
1862.
I, WILLIAM BUTLIN, of Northampton, in the County of Northampton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SPLITTING LEATHER, AND ALSO FOR MAKING USABLE LEATHER OUT
OF WASTE PIECES, LIKEWISE THE MACHY NECESSARY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE
SAME," to be as follows:-
My improvements in machinery for splitting leather consist, firstly, in the
application of frictional driving gearing, whereby the cut is rendered more
even and uniform than that produced by machines of this description driven
by the usual toothed gear as hitherto employed.
Secondly, my improvements consist in connecting the spindles bearing upon
the press roller steps by means of a cross shaft and bevil gear, by which
means the roller can be raised and lowered parallel with the press table or
plate.
My Invention for making leather out of waste pieces or scraps of leather
consists in reducing them to a pulp, which is then mixed with a cementing
solution and rolled or pressed into sheets or pieces. I also use the cementing
solution and pulp mixed in certain proportions for making waterproof leather.
The machine which I employ for grinding or triturating the waste leather is
similar to that employed in paper mills for producing the pulp.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND APPLICATION OF SOFT SILK WASTE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wilson Hadwen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th April
1862.
I, JOHN WILSON HADWEN, of Kebroyd Mills, in the Parish of Halifax, in
the County of York, Cotton Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND
APPLICATION OF SOFT SILK WASTE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved methods of treating the material known
as soft silk waste for the purpose of equalizing and cleaning the fibre more
effectually than has hitherto been accomplished, and consists in employing
Heilman's or other combing machine for that purpose.
Secondly, in making from the combed silk fibre, when spun, a new fabric
suitable for umbrellas and parasols.
Thirdly, in mixing the aforesaid combed fibre with any desired proportion
of wool or mohair and spinning it into yarn.