of Electric Energy and Machines or Appliances therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 1st Dec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 10th Feb., 1888
"
of Electric Energy and Machines or Appliances therefor.
We, ROBERT DICK, Manufacturer, and RANKIN KENNEDY, Electrical Engineer,
both of the Electric Lamp Works, 115 Woodside Road, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, to be as follows:-
Electric energy is at present distributed in the form of a constant current in the
main wires with a variable electro-motive force at their terminals for the purpose
of operating Electro motors, Electric Lamps, or other translating devices located
in series order in the circuit of the main wires. Where this constant current is
continuously in one direction the whole of the translating devices must be made
or designed to carry and be operated by the given constant current, this necessity
is very inconvenient and very much limits the application of constant currents for
the distribution of electric energy.
By the improvements of our invention we are enabled to convert or transform
the constant main current locally into a secondary current of any desired volume
in a secondary circuit in which is placed the translating devices; and we can
obtain a constant electro motive force at the terminals of the secondary circuit with a
variable current in this secondary circuit.
According to our invention we use a combined Dynamo electric generator and
electro motor. The motor field magnets and generator field magnets together
form the carcase or framework of the machine; while the motor armature and com-
mutator are by one arrangement fixed at one end of a longitudinal shaft mounted
in bearings, and the generator armature, and commutator, are secured on the other
end of this shaft. The main conductor is coiled in series order along the upper
electro magnets of both the motor and generator, and is also wound in series order
along the lower field magnets of both generator and motor, thence passes to the
terminal end of one set of brushes on the commutator of the motor, and the
circuit is completed from the terminal on the opposite set of brushes of this
commutator. A thick secondary circuit wire is connected to the terminal of. one
set of brushes on the commutator of the generator, and is coiled in series order
between the coils of primary wire and in the same direction round both the lower
field magnets of the generator and motor, and is also coiled in series order round
the upper field magnets of both the motor and generator between the coils of the
primary wire, and then passes to the translating devices in the consumption circuit,

page_text: which may be incandescent or glow lamps arranged in parallel arc order between this
conductor and another return thick main wire of this secondary circuit which leads to
the terminal on the other set of brushes on the commutator of the generator. The
main constant current passes through the few series coils of wire on the motor field
magnets and the separate exciting coils on the generator field magnets, and thence
through the terminals of the brushes on the motor armature and back again to the
main supply circuit. The number of turns of wire in this motor circuit are just
sufficient to maintain a given speed on the motor shaft with the minimum secondary
current; and the number of turns of wire in the separate exciting coils on the
generator field magnets are just sufficient to maintain a constant given electro motive
force in the secondary circuit.
The secondary current passes from the generator armature through the series coils
of thick wire on the generator and the separate exciting coils of the motor, and thence
through the translating devices and thence back to the other terminal on the generating
dynamo armature. This method of winding, connecting and exciting the two fields,
motor and generator, is the essential feature of this invention.
The number of turns of wire in the series coils of the generator field magnets is
just sufficient to produce a slight rise in the total electro motive force in the
secondary circuit, proportional to the increase of current in that circuit and vice versa.
The number of turns of wire in the separate coils on the motor field magnets which
are in series connection in the secondary circuit is just sufficient to produce a rise in
the counter electro motive force of the motor by raising the strength of the field in
proportion to the increase of work being done in the secondary circuit, or increase of
current therein.
Instead of the motor and generator being one combined machine as described they
may be constructed separately and the motor may be made to drive the generator
through belt or other gearing, and whether the motor and generator are separate or
combined the winding and connecting of the field magnet coils, and the exciting of the
fields are the same.
Our new or improved combined machine is very efficient and suitable for the
purposes of the invention, but any motor and dynamo may be employed provided
their electric circuits are wound and connected and the field magnets excited
according to our invention as herein described.
Any number of the combined machines may be located in series order in one circuit
fed from a common source as is usually the practice in operating electric circuits a
constant current volume, and the machines may be connected in series order in circuit
with arc lamps or electro motors operated by constant currents.
The essential features of this invention are, first the combining on the field magnets
of an Electro motor; having the field magnet coils in series connection with the
motor armature and through which the main constant current passes, with
other field magnet coils connected in series order with the main circuit of a
dynamo electric generator driven by the motor. Second, the dynamo electro
generator may be compound wound in the usual manner for constant electro motive
force at terminals, but we prefer to obtain constant electro motive force at the
terminals by separate coils on the field magnets excited in series order with the
motor circuit by the main constant current, combined with other coils in series
order in the main circuit of the generator; thus the exciting circuits of motor and
generator are interlaced and govern each other mutually; all for the purpose of
transforming continuous currents from currents of constant volume to currents of
constant pressure or electro motive force and variable volume, for working electric
lamps or other translating devices arranged in parallel or multiple are order between
the main conductors of the secondary circuit.

page_text: Improvements in and relating to the Generation and Distribution
of Electric Energy and Machines or Appliances therefor..
We, ROBERT DICK, Manufacturer, and RANKIN KENNEDY, Electrical Engineer,
both of the Electric Lamp Works 115 Woodside Road, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, do
hereby declare the nature of our Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
and to the reference letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :—
Electric energy is at present distributed in the form of a constant current in the
main wires with a variable electro-motive force at their terminals for the purpose of
operating electro-motors, electric lamps, or other translating devices located in series
order in the circuit of the main wires. Where this constant current is continuously
in one direction the whole of the translating devices must be made or designed to
carry and be operated by the given constant current, this necessity is very incon-
venient and very much limits the application of constant currents for the distribution
of electric energy. By the improvements of our invention we are enabled to convert
or transform the constant main current locally into a secondary current of any
desired volume in a secondary circuit in which is placed the translating devices; and
we can obtain a constant electro-motive force at the terminals of the secondary circuit
with a variable current in this secondary circuit.
According to our invention we use a combined dynamo electric generator and
electro-motor. The motor-field magnets and generator field-magnets together form
the carcase or framework of the machine, while the motor armature and commutator
are by one arrangement, fixed at one end of a longitudinal shaft mounted in bearings,
and the generator armature, and commutator are secured on the other end of this
shaft. The main conductor is coiled in series order along the upper field magnets of
both the motor and generator and is also wound in series order along the lower field
magnets of both generator and motor, thence passes to the terminal end of the brushes
on the commutator of the motor, and the circuit is completed from the terminal on
the opposite brushes of this commutator. A thick secondary circuit wire is con-
nected to the terminal of the brushes on the commutator of the generator, and is
coiled in series order between the coils of primary wire and in the same direction
round both the lower field magnets of the generator and motor, and is also coiled in
series order round the upper field magnets of both the motor and generator over the
coils of the primary wire, and then passes to the translating. devices in the consump
tion circuit, which may be incandescent or glow lamps arranged in parallel arc order
between this conductor and another return thick main wire of this secondary circuit
which leads to the terminal on the brushes on the commutator of the generator.
main constant current passes through the few series coils of wire on the motor field
magnets and the separate exciting coils on the generator field magnets and thence
through the terminals of the brushes on the motor armature and back again to the
The

page_text: main supply circuit. The number of turns of wire in this motor circuit are just
sufficient to maintain a given speed on the motor shaft with the minimum secondary
current and the number of turns of wire in the separate exciting coils on the
generator field magnets are just sufficient to maintain a constant given electro-motive
force in the secondary circuit.
The secondary circuit passes from the generator armature through the series coils
of thick wire on the generator and the separate exciting coils of the motor, and thence
through the translating devices, and thence back to the other terminal on the
generating dynamo armature.
This method of winding, connecting, and exciting the two fields, motor and
generator, is the essential feature of this Invention.
The number of turns of wire in the series coils of the generator field magnets is
just sufficient to produce a slight rise in the total electro-motive force in the secondary
circuit proportional to the increase of current in that circuit, and vice versa. The
number of turns of wire in the separate coils on the motor field magnets which are in
series connection in the secondary circuit is just sufficient to produce a rise in the
counter electro-motive force of the motor by raising the strength of the field in pro-
portion to the increase of work being done in the secondary circuit, or increase of
current therein.
Instead of the motor and generator being one combined machine as described, they
may be constructed separately and the motor may be made to drive the generator
through belt or other gearing, and whether the motor and generator are separate or
combined, the winding and connecting of the field magnet coils, and the exciting of
the fields are the same.
Our new or improved combined machine is very efficient and suitable for the
purposes of the invention, but any motor and dynamo may be employed provided
their electric circuits are wound and connected, and the field magnets excited
according to our invention as herein described.
Any number of the combined machines may be located in series order in one
circuit fed from a common source as is usually the practice in operating electric
circuits at constant current volume, and the machines may be connected in scries
order in circuit with arc lamps or electro-motors operated by constant currents.
The essential features of this invention are, first, the combining on the field magnets
of an electro motor having the field magnet coils in series connection with the motor
armature and through which the main constant current passes, with other field magnet
coils connected in series order with the main circuit of a dynamo electric generator
driven by the motor. Second, the dynamo electric generator may be compound
wound in the usual manner for constant electro-motive force at terminals, but we
prefer to obtain constant electro-motive force at the terminals by separate coils on the
field magnets excited in series order with the motor circuit by the main constant
current combined with other coils in series order in the main circuit of the generator;
thus the exciting circuits of motor and generator are interlaced and govern each
other mutually all for the purpose of transforming continuous currents from currents
of constant volume to currents of constant pressure or electro-motive force and
variable volume; for working electric lamps or other translating devices arranged in
parallel or multiple are order between the main conductors of the secondary
circuit.
In order to enable others skilled in the art to which our invention relates, to under-
stand and put our improvements into practice we have hereunto appended an
explanatory Sheet of Drawings, in which the same reference letters are used to
indicate like parts in both Figures where shown. Figure 1 is an elevation of a
combined dynamo-electric generator and electro-motor constructed in accordance
with the improvements of our invention, and showing the translating devices or
incandescent lamps g ranged in parallel arc order at G in the secondary
circuit H, H¹.
In this Figure S, N, are the poles of the motor field magnets, and S¹ N' the poles
of the generator field magnets. C is the incoming end of the wire of the inain

page_text: constant current circuit, such as J in Figure 2, C¹ the out-going end, the path of the
current being shown by the thin lines of spirals, wound on the upper and lower
magnets s, n. A is the motor armature, B the generator armature both mounted on
the same shaft D; E, F, are the terminals of the secondary circuit wire on the
brushes of the commutator of the generator B, the path of the secondary current
being shown by the thick lines wound spirally on the lower and upper magnets at n,s;
g is the translating devices, or incandescent lamps, arranged in parallel are order at G
between the main conductors H H in the secondary circuit.
Figure 2 represents a diagram view showing two of our new or improved secondary
generators, or combined motors and dynamos shown in Figure 1, to illustrate their
application in a circuit in constant current series order with the other translating devices
or arc lamps.
In Figure 2, I is the main generator, preferably a high tension dynamo electric
machine for producing continuous currents; J is a main line which may be of any
length and which the current traverses as indicated by the arrows. K are arc lamps
ranged in series order in the circuit.
At Z are placed two of our new or improved combined electro-motors and generators
shown in enlarge scale in Figure 1, and lettered to correspond, in circuit in series order
with the other translating devices or are lamps K on the main line J; these secondary
generators Z supplying electric energy to the translating devices or incandescent
lamps g ranged in parallel are order at G between the main conductors H H¹, in the
secondary circuit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
First. The combination of an electro motor and dynamo-electric machine or
generator, substantially as and for the purposes herein described, in reference to and
shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. In combined electro-motors and generators, the herein described method
of winding, and exciting the motor and generator magnetic-fields substantially as and
for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
Drawings.
Third. The herein described system of generating and distributing electric-energy,
comprising the combination of combined electro motors and dynamo-electric machines,
or secondary generators, connected in series order with the main line, and generating
station, for supplying electric energy to the translating devices arranged in parallel
are order substantially as herein described, in reference to and shown in the accom-
panying Drawings.
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