Improvements in or relating to Raising Gigs Employed in the Manufacture of Woollen and other Woven or Felted Fabrics.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd June, 1896-Accepted, 4th July, 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Raising Gigs Employed in the
Manufacture of Woollen and other Woven or Felted Fabrics.
I, JOHN BAILEY, of Myrlin House, Staincliffe Road, Dewsbury, in the County
of York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in raising gigs, such as are employed
in the woollen trade; and its object is to automatically work a single or double
breast-roller down on to the teazles or cards of a teazle or other kind of raising
gig, which are used for raising a nap or pile on blankets, cloth, or other woven
or felted fabrics or materials, and which breast-rollers have hitherto been worked
down by hand.
In the drawings hereunto annexed :-
Figs. 1, 2, and 3 are respectively a front elevation, side elevation, and back
elevation of a raising gig (British pattern) having two breast rollers, and with my
invention applied, but operated by a worm and worm wheel.
Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a side and front elevation of a raising gig
having two breast-rollers, and with my invention applied but operated by an
eccentric.
Figs, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are respectively enlarged part side, front, and back elevations
of my improvements.
Figs. 10 and 11 are respectively front and side elevations of a raising
gig (American pattern) having two breast-rollers and with my invention
applied.
Like parts in all the views are marked with similar letters and figures of
reference.
A is the framework of the gig, B the cylinder in which the teazles are fixed,
or its periphery may be clothed with carding. The cylinder is mounted in
bearings and motion conveyed thereto in the usual manner.
C is the front breast-roller and C¹ the back breast-roller; D, E, F, G, H, I, J,
K, L, M, N, and O are bars and rollers over, under, or round which the material
operated upon passes to and from the cylinder B.
Roller H is clothed with carding, and over or above it is mounted in suitable
bearings a circular revolving adjustable (or otherwise) brusi P or its equivalent
for cleaning roller H. The rollers J and K being employed for drawing
purposes. Qis the scray provided with a semi-circular endless travelling sheet R
and having a travelling table S mounted upon its framework T.
U is the cuttling arrangement.
All the above named parts and other portions not shown or described of the
raising gig and scray may be of ordinary well known construction, and motion is
conveyed thereto in the usual manner by means of spur gearing V, bevel
gearing W mounted on shaft X, and levers Y aud rods Z; or by pulleys and
belting.
To the framework A is fixed by any suitable means the bearings 1 and 2 in
which is mouted the shaft 3 which at Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 is shown in a vertical
position; but at Figs. 4, 5, 8, and 9 in a horizontal position. At Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6
and 7 on the shaft 3 is mounted a worm 4 which gears with a worm wheel 5
mounted on the pinion shaft 6 to be hereafter described. On the shaft 3 is also
D

page_text: mounted a clatch, the female part 7 of which is mounted loosely thereon while
its male portion 8 is arranged to slide upon a key fixed in the periphery of the
said shaft, and to mesh with the female portion whenever it is desired to operate
the breast roller or rollers.
The male portion 8 of the clutch is operated by a lever 9 (having a handle at
one end an bifurcated if desired but not necessarily so at the other end for
passing into a groove formed for its reception in the male portion of the clutch)
pivoted to the framework A. At the upper end of the shaft 3 is also mounted
and fixed a worm wheel 10 gearing into a worm 11 mounted and fixed to the
shaft X by which a rotary motion is imparted to the shaft 3.
The front breast roller C is mounted in suitable bearings 12 which are fixel to
or form a portion of the upper end of the racks 13 which are carried in suitable
bearings or slides 14 formed on or attached to the framework A at each end of
the cylinder B. The two pinions 15 mounted upon the shaft 6 are arranged to
gear with the racks 13, that is one pinion into each of the racks.
To the framework A are also pivoted the levers 16 and 17, that is to say,
there are two levers 16 and two levers 17 arranged on opposite sides of the gig.
The upper ends of racks 13 are connected to the front ends of the levers 16 by
rods 18 through which the spindle or shaft of the front breast-roller C may pass.
Whilst the heel or rear ends of levers 16 are slotted and connected to the front
ends of levers 17 by rods 19. The rear ends of the levers 17 are slotted to receive
the spindle or shaft of back breast roller C, which also passes into the slotted
guides 20 fixed to the framework A at both ends of the cylinder B. By means
of the pivoted levers and their connecting rods both breast rollers are actuated
simultaneously.
To the top of the racks 13 is fixed a hook 21 to one end of which a chain 22 is
fixed and which is arranged to pass over a pulley 23 (mounted on a stud fixed to
the framework A) in order that its opposite end may be adjustably attached. to
the hook 24 fixed to the rear end of the handled lever 9. When the racks 13 are
at their highest position the chain 22 is slack as shown.
An adjustable or other rod 35 is provided between roller G and card roller H
and arranged to pass under the piece or fabric 29 before it is acted by card
roller H. When the rod 35 is raised it will cause the fabric to have a greater
pressure on the periphery of the card roller H than when in a lower position that
is nearer to roller G.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-
The material to be operated upon,-which in the drawings is represented by
thick dotted lines numbered 29,-is placed upon the travelling table S of the
scray Q and carried up to and over bar D, under roller E, over bar F, down to,
under, and around front breast-roller C, over roller I to, under and around back
breast-roller C, and from thence back to the roller G under carded roller H
(when it is required to raise the back of the fabric) to, round, and between the
drawing rullers J and K, then to roller L and over rollers M, N, and O to the
cuttling apparatus by which it is laid in fold ou the travelling sheet R. But
when the rollers G and H are dispensed with then the fabric passes direct from
back breast-roller C to the drawing rollers J and K. After a sufficient length
of the material 29 has been drawn from the table S to permit of it being passed
under the breast-rollers CC to the drawing rollers J and K and other rollers to
the cuttling lever U in the usual manner the gig is set in motion. The male
portion 8 of the clutch having been meshed with its female portion 7 a rotary
motion is transmitted from shaft X through worn wheel 10, worm 11, shaft 3,
worm 4, worm wheel 5 to shaft 6 and pinions 15 which causes the racks 13 to be
gradually and automatically moved downwards until the material 29 has been
traversed on to the teazles sufficiently low as required. When this has been
accomplished the chain 22 will have become sufficiently taut to raise the rear end
of handled lever 9 and throw the two portions 7 and 8 of the clutch out of gear
with each other thereby preventing the racks 13 from being traversud too far

page_text: down. The material 29 as it passes over the raising cylinder B from front breast
roller C to back breast roller C₁ comes twice, during its passage from the scray
back to the same, under the action of the teazles, instead of once as on raising
gigs of ordinary construction,-thus enabling the work to be performed in about
one half the time as at present. That is to say, a piece say one hundred yards
long can by my improved apparatus be raised in about the same time as it now
takes to raise a piece say fifty yards in length by a gig of ordinary construction.
When the raising of the piece has been completed the racks 13 may be returned to
their normal or highest position by hand or by power in either case, by reversing
the rotation of the pinions 15 and shaft 6.
For some cases it may be found advisable only to submit the material once, or
once at a time to the action of the teazles. When this is the case the use of the
back breast roller C, levers 16 and 17, and rods 18 and 19 may either be dispensed
with altogether, or the back breast roller C and the said levers and rod may be
raised into such a position that as the material passes under and around the
periphery of the back breast roller it will be clear of the teazles at the back of
the gig
At Figs. 4, 5, 8, and 9 where the shaft 3 is shown in a horizontal position, the
worm wheel 10 and worm 11 are dispensed with and in place thereof I employ an
eccentric 25 which is mounted and fixed upon shaft X, and on shaft 3 is fixed a
ratchet wheel 26 and loosely mounted a slotted lever 27 armed with a pawl 28
which engages with the said ratchet wheel. A rod 37-one end of which is capable
of adjustment in the slotted lever 27 whilst its opposite end is armed with the
straps of the eccentric-is employed for transmitting the notion from the
eccentric 25 to the shaft through the slotted lever 27, pawl 28 and ratchet
wheel 26. In this case the use of the clutch and handled lever 9 is optional (but
I prefer using them), and the hook 24 and one end of chain 22 are fixed to the
pawl 28 instead of to the end of the rear end of the handled lever 9. In other
respects the arrangement and operation of the various parts are the same as
described for Figs. 1 to 3.
When desired instead of using an eccentric 25 and obtaining motion from
shaft X the lever 27 may be operated through a connecting rod from a crank pin
fixed to the spur wheel mounted on the shaft of drawing roller J.
But when the drawing rollers J and K, on which the material is wound alter-
nately, are mounted at opposite ends of the machine or other position, and armed
with bevel gearing W, an American pattern of raising gig as shown at Figs. 10
and 11,a shaft 3 driven by a worm 4 and worm wheel 5-mounted say horizontally
or in an angular direction,-is armed with two clutches, that is to say, there are
two female portions 7 mounted loosely on the shaft and facing each other, and two
male portions 8 arranged to slide on keys provided on the shaft and to mesh with
one of the female portions 7 at a time, or when in their normal position to be clear
of both of them. A reversing lever 30 is pivoted to the framework A, and to this
lever are jointed the rods 31 which, take the place of handled lever 9 and are
employed for moving the male portions 8 of the clutches into and out of gear with
the female portions 7. The reversing lever 30 is automatically operated by the
piece or canvas 32 which reciprocates backwards and forwards between the two
drawing rollers. The piece or canvas 32 is armed with two knocking pieces 33
and 34 arranged at a suitable distance apart. Whenever one of these knocking
pieces comes in contact with the reversing lever 30 it carries it over to the
opposite side of the machine and by withdrawing the male portion 8 from one
female portion 7 and meshing it with the other female portion the winding action of
the drawing rollers is reversed. By moving the lever 30 towards one or the other
of the drawing rollers J or K, it will be set in motion by the meshing of its clutch
for winding on the material, whilst the opposite roller is unwinding.
The racks 13, slides 14, pinions 15, and shaft 6 are in this arrangement of gig.
mounted above the raising cylinder B preferably vertically-or at an angle thereto
though not necessarily so, and the pinions 15 and shaft 6 may be actuated, for

page_text: automatically and gradually lowering the material 29 on to the teazles of the
raising cylinder, by an eccentric 25, mounted on shaft 3, ratchet wheel 26 mounted
and fixed on shaft 6, slotted lever 27 (armed with a pawl 28 for engaging with said
ratchet wheel) mounted loosely on shaft 6, and a connecting rod 37.
A pivoted double bar 36 is carried in suitable bearings from framework A is
employed for tightening the material 29 so as to keep it clear of cylinder B. Any
suitable catch arrangement may be employed for retaining the pivoted bar in a
fixed position. The action of the above named parts as well as those not described
but shown and lettered are the same as already described, and the material as it
passes from roller J to roller K or vice versa inay be arranged to be submitted
twice to the action of the teazles of the raising cylinder.
I would have it understood that although I have found the herein described
arrangements work satisfactorily, I am aware that where one breast roller is
employed, the same end might be accomplished by actuating the racks 13 by
pinions 15, and the worms 4 and 11 and wheels 5 aud 10 mounted on a shaft 3 as
herein described, and then fixing to one of the racks an adjustable iron rod which
works down with the breast-roller and regulates its downward movement.
When the said iron rod has been traversed down the required distance it is
arranged to press down a catch for freeing a spring, thereby forcing one of the
pinions (which is mounted so as to be capable of sliding upon its shaft) out of gear
with its rack and thereby stopping the downward movement of the racks and
breast-roller. At the same time the spring may be arranged to drive another
catch into gear with a catch wheel for preventing the breast roller C moving either
up or down during the raising operation.
By the herein described means the breast roller or rollers may be worked
gradually and automatically downwards on to the teazles, instead of being done so
by hand. Thus enabling the work to be performed uniformly and regularly, filling
in the bottom of the cloth better and raising less of it away. Further, there is
a saving of teazles, and the machine can easily be made to run faster or slower
according to the material operated upon. The operation is also much quicker
performed as the breast-roller or rollers is or are continually working down, and
are not so liable to make thin places. Also in no case can the said roller or
rollers be allowed to stand too long, and then worked down too much at a time as
is frequently the case when operated by hand.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In gigs for raising the nap or pile of woollen and other woven or felted fabrics,
having a revolving raising cylinder, drawing rollers, and one or more breast rollers,
the combination therewith of the means substantially such as herein described and
illustrated in the drawings for first gradually and automatically working down the
said breast-roller or rollers on to the said cylinder, second, arresting such downward
motion of the breast roller or rollers and finally submitting the material operated
upon to the action of the said raising cylinder at one or two portions of its periphery,
as set forth.
2. In a gig for raising the nap or pile of woollen and other woven or felted fabrics
such as herein described, having a breast roller mounted on racks actuated by
pinions, the combination therewith of a shaft such as 3 armed with worm gearing
such as 4, 5, 10, and 11, and one or more clutches for automatically transmitting
motion to the said pinions from some moving part of the gig, hooks, chain, pulley,
and lever for throwing the clutch out of gear, pivoted levers such as 16 and 17 and
their connecting rods such as 18 and 19, a second breast-roller carried by one of
said pivoted levers at the back of the gig, and slotted guides such as 20, all
arranged substantially as herein described with refence to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 of
the accompanying drawings.
3. In a gig for raising the nap or pile of woollen and other woven or felted

page_text: fabrics having a breast roller mounted on racks in front of the raising cylinder
the means for automatically imparting a downward movement of said breast roller
from some rotating part of the gig, consisting of an eccentric 25 mounted on
shaft X, connecting rod 37, slotted lever 27 armed with a pawl 28 and mounted
upon shaft 3, ratchet wheel 24 mounted on said shaft on which is also mounted
a clutch and a worm which gears with a shaft 6 carrying the pinions 15 which
gear with the said rack, a chain, pulley, and hooks for throwing the said pawl out
of gear with the ratchet wheel, and a breast roller working in slotted guides at
the back of the gig and connected by pivotted levers such as 16 and 17 and
connecting rods such as 18 and 19 all arranged and combined substantially as
herein described with reference to Figs. 4, 5, 8, and 9 of the accompanying
drawings.
4. In a gig for raising the nap or pile of woollen and other woven or felted
fabrics such as herein described providing the said gig with two breast-rollers one
of which is mounted on racks at the front of the raising cylinder whilst the other
breast roller works in slotted guides at the back of the said cylinder and is mounted
on pivoted levers connected by rods and other pivoted levers to the said racks so
as to move simultaneously therewith as and for the purposes set forth.
5. In a gig for raising the nap or pile of woollen and other woven or felted
fabrics such as herein described, the drawing rollers arranged at different points
below the level of the periphery of the gig cylinder with the breast-rollers and
racks above the cylinder, actuated as herein described, all arranged and combined
substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 10 and 11 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Dated this Thirtieth day of May 1896.
JOHN BAILEY,
By W. Fairburn-Hart,
Agent.