IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Frederick Redfern, of the General Patent Office,
4 South Street, Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex, Patent Agent for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS OR GENERATORS." Com
municated to him from abroad by Carl Philip Gustaf Sack, of Mariefred, in
the kingdom of Sweden
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Frederick Redfern.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th October 1882.
GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN of the General Patent Office, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex, Patent Agent, "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
BOILERS OR GENERATORS [Communicated to him from abroad by Carl Philip
Gustaf Sack, of Mariefred, in the kingdom of Sweden]
"
The invention communicated to me relates to that class of steam boilers or
generators, in which the steam is generated in tubes and which contain a relatively
small quantity of water and which are therefore little liable to explosion.
In carrying out the invention a base or bottom plate is provided having three
channels passing from its sides to the centre. On the top of the bottom plate, and
fitted thereto is a hollow heater for feed water. In order that the heater shall be
capable of containing a considerable quantity of water, without presenting too
great a heating surface, its exterior is preferably made square and its interior
cylindrical in shape; the bottom plate should therefore also be made square by
preference. In the interior of the heater is a spiral tube preferably of copper held
together by means of iron straps. The said tube passes through the up-take above
the heater outside of which it is connected with a tube passing downwards and then
branching off to the two-feed pumps. The other end of the spiral tube is connected
with one of the herein before described channels in the bottom plate, which leads
to a vertical tube in the centre of the generator and the bottom plate; this tube is
closed at the top but perforated in the sides with numerous fine holes. The vertical
tube is surrounded by another tube which passes to the funnel or chimney where
it is bent laterally and passes through the side of the chimney to the place where

page_text: the steam is to be used. The grate in the fire-place is divided into several parts in
order to be conveniently fixed; a suitable fire door is provided through which the
fuel is supplied
In a steam generator, such as that described a regular feeding is essential for
which purpose two feed pumps are provided which carry the water from the heater
and introduce it into the spiral tube where it is nearly all converted into steam,
which with the water which remains passes through the hereinbefore described
channel into the vertical tube. The steam together with the water having passed
through the perforations in the vertical tube then meets the heated sides of the
outer tube whereby the remaining water is converted into dry steam which
ascends the said tube and is then conducted to the place where it is to be used.
The two other channels are provided at the sides of the bottom plate with cocks
and serve at the commencement of the steam formation, or otherwise to discharge
the water which may accumulate in the two vertical tubes. A tube is also provided
through which water, is by means of a pump, introduced into the heater, and open
tubes are provided having for object to allow of the escape of steam formed in the
heater. The feeding pumps are provided with test-cocks as usual. In order to
procure a more or less ample feed, arrangements are provided to shorten or lengthen
the stroke of the feeding pumps. This may be effected in several ways amongst
others by the employment of an eccentric, fitted on the engine shaft and another
eccentric around the former and capable of being turned and. placed in different
positions relatively thereto by suitable mechanism so that the eccentrics may be
placed so as to diminish or increase the stroke. A link is pivotted at a fixed point
on the heater, and serves to guide the rods of the feeding pumps and the end of the
eccentric rod

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters, Patent filed-
by the said George Frederick Redfern in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd April 1883..
GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN of the General Patent Office, 4 South Street,
Finsbury in the county of Middlesex, Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM-
BOILERS OR GENERATORS" (A communication to me from abroad by Carl Philip
Gustaf Sack of Mariefred in the Kingdom of Sweden)
The invention communicated to. me relates to that class of steam boilers or
generators, in which the steam is generated in tubes, and as these tubes contain a
relatively small quantity of water, they are not liable to explosion.
In order to enable the invention communicated to me to be fully understood I
will proceed to describe, the same by reference to the accompanying drawing in
which figures 1, and 2, are front and side elevations respectively of, a steam boiler,
or generator constructed, according to this invention; figures 3, and 4, are vertical
sections. Figure 5, is a plan and figure 6, a horizontal section of the same;
figure 7, represents a detail of part of the machinery for driving the feed pumps.
Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
A, is a base or bottom plate provided with three channels or passages B, C, and D,
passing from its sides to the centre. On the top of the base plate A, and fitted
thereto is a hollow heater E, for feed water.. In order that the heater shall be
capable of containing a considerable quantity of water without presenting too
great a heating surface, its exterior shell is preferably made square and its interior
shell cylindrical in shape as shewn in figures 3, 4, and 6, the base plate should
therefore also be made square by preference.. In the interior of the heater E, is a
spiral tube or worm F, preferably of copper held together by means of iron straps.
The said tube passes through the uptake G, above the heater outside of which
it is connected with a tube H, passing downwards and then branching off, to the
two feed pumps I, I,.. The other end of the spiral tube or worm F, is connected
with the channel B, in the base plate. This channel B, leads to a vertical tube K,
placed in the centre of the generator and the bottom plate; this tube is closed at
the top but is perforated in its sides with numerous fine holes. The vertical tube K,
is surrounded by or placed within another tube L, which passes to the funnel or
chimney M, where it is bent laterally and passes through the side of the chimney
as shown in figure 2, to the place where the steam is to be used. N, is the fire
place, the grate O, of which is divided into several parts in order to allow it to be
easily fixed; P, is the fire door, through which the fuel is supplied; Q, is the ash
pit-door.
In a steam generator such as that described a regular feed of water is essential
for which purpose two feed pumps I, I, are provided which convey the water from
the heater E, and introduce it into the spiral tube or worm F, where it is nearly
all converted into steam which with the water which remains or is held in
suspension passes through the channel B, into the tube K: The steam together
with the water, having passed through the perforations in the tube K, then comes
against the heated sides of the tube L, whereby the remaining water is converted
into dry steam, which ascends through the tube L, and is then conducted to the
place where it is to be used.
The channels C, and D, are provided at the sides of the base plate with cocks
which serve at the commencement of the formation of steam, or otherwise to
discharge the water which may accumulate in the tubes K, and L. A tube R, is
also provided through which water is by means of a pump introduced into the

page_text: heater. S, and T, are open tubos having for object to allow of the escape of the
steam formed in the heater; U, and V, are water gauges for the heater; the feed
pumps are provided with test-cocks, as usual. In order to procure a more or less
ample feed, arrangements are provided to shorten or lengthen the stroke of the
feed pumps. This may be effected in several ways, amongst others by the
employment of eccentrics arranged as represented in figure 7. Y, is one of the
eccentrics fitted on the engine shaft and Z, another eccentric around the foriner
and capable of being turned and placed in different positions relatively thereto by
suitable mechanism so that the eccentrics may be placed so as to diminish or
increase the stroke. A¹, is the eccentric rod which is also partly shewn in figures
1, 2, 6 and 6. B', is a link pivotted at a fixed point on the heater and serving to
guide the rods of the feed pumps and the end of the eccentric rod A¹.
I
Having thus described the nature of the invention communicated to me and
the manner of performing the same I would have it understood that what is
claimed and intended to be protected by the heroin in part recited Letters
Patent is
Firstly. The employment in a steam generator in the manner herein before
described and shown of the spiral tubo F, in combination. with the perforated
tube K, and the surrounding tube L, so that the steam mingled with water
coming from the tube F, is dried in the tube L, and if required may be super-
heated substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
drawing
Secondly. The method herein described and shewn of connecting the tubes F; K,
and S, by means of the bottom plate A, provided with the channels B, C, and D.
Thirdly. In a steain generator the arrangement of the spiral tube F, the tubes
K, and L, and the bottom plate A, in combination with the heater E, substantially
in the manner hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
drawing.
Fourthly. The method berein described and shown of putting the tubes K,
and L, in connection with the atmosphere when required by means of the channels
O, and D.
In Witness whereof I the said George Frederick Redform have hereto set my
hand and seal this second day of April in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three