matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
An Improved Method of Improving or Oxydizing Alcoholic Beverages.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 13th Nov., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method of Improving or Oxydizing Alcoholic
Beverages.
I, JOHANN DIEDRICHI MÖLLER, of Plantage Rosengarten, Wedel i/H. in the
Empire of Germany, Brandy Distiller, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention is intended to provide a method of improving the quality of
alcoholic beverages in a manner similar to that given by age or to the knowm
processes by which such beverages are artificially "aged" in both of which, as
is well known, oxygen is the active improving agent.
The process which is the object of the present invention differs from the above
in the fact that the oxygen is added in an active form but in a chemical combina-
tion, namely as hydrogen peroxide.
For instance, to every 100 liters of cognac is added half a liter of ordinary
commercial hydric peroxide which contains about 10 per cent. volume of the
hydric peroxide. A stronger addition, up to two liters, will only shorten the
ageing very slightly.
This method of ageing requires no mechanical or other special apparatus and
can be done simply and cheaply in cask or bottle by merely the addition of the
hydric peroxide. The ageing begins at once and continues until it is completed
in two to three months when the alcoholic beverages will have the same character
as if they had been many years in cask. It is estimated that the ageing is
accelerated at least a hundred fold by this method.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
°
The method of improving or oxydizing alcoholic beverages in a manner similar
to that attained naturally by age, consisting in adding hydric peroxide.
Dated this 9th day of October 1897
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C.,
Agents to the Applicant.
Improvements in or connected with Web Printing and Folding Machinery
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 6th Aug., 1898-Accepted, 10th Sept., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Web Printing and Folding
Machinery.
I, GEORGE ASHLEY WILSON, of 63, Church Street, Egremont, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide means to overcome the sagging to
which the web or webs of paper are subject when passing from the printing
machines to the former which gives the first longitudinal fold to the webs.
For this purpose I provide, preferably near the point where the web or webs
enter on the former, one or more pairs of rollers between which the web or webs
pass. The rollers are driven by gearing from any convenient part of the machinery
and are formed with grooves and projections on their surfaces, the projections on
one of a pair entering the grooves in the other far enough to cause the web or
webs passing through to take a wavy form thus ensuring sufficient friction between
the points of the projections and the web or webs to cause such web or webs to be
kept taut.
100'
Improvements in or connected with Web Printing and Folding
Machinery.
I, GEORGE ASHLEY WILSON, of 63, Church Street, Egremont, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
CD 071

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings:-
The object of this invention is to provide means to overcome the sagging to
which the web or webs of paper are subject when passing from the printing
machines to the former, which gives the first longitudinal fold to the webs.
For this purpose I provide, preferably near the point where the web or webs
enter on the former, two or more pairs of rollers between which the web or webs
pass. The rollers are driven by gearing from any convenient part of the machinery,
and are formed with grooves and projections on their surfaces, the projections on
one of a pair entering the grooves in the other, far enough to cause the web or
webs passing through to take a wavy form, thus ensuring sufficient friction
between the points of the projection and the web or webs to cause such web or
webs to be kept tant.

page_text: Second. Two or more pairs of rollers having grooves and projections thereon
whereby a more or less wavy form may be given to a web or webs of paper passing
between such rollers, to ensure sufficient friction to draw such web or webs along
when the rollers are rotated substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this Fifth day of August 1808
W. B. JOHNSON,
4, Clayton Square, Liverpool, Agent.

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Improvements in or relating to Night-lamps.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 9th Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Night-lamps.
I, HEINRICH BRAUERS of Mülheim-on-Ruhr, Germany Inventor, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The object of the present invention is a night-lamp for patients' and children's
rooms which serves at the same time for warming milk and the like or for keeping
the latter in a desired degree of warmth.
In the annexed drawing which illustrates my invention, Fig. 1 shows a night
lamp with spring device. Fig. 2 shows the same with articulated levers, sector
and counterpoise and Fig. 3 shows the same with articulated levers and counter-
poise.
The novelty of this night-lamp consists in the fact that the height of it beneath
the milk pot or the like may be regulated either by means of a spring A (Fig. 1)
supporting the properly-so-called night-lamp and which is regulated by means of
B screw a, or by means of a double articulated lever K (Fig. 2 and 3) the vertical
arm of which supports the night-lamp, while the horizontal arm is provided with
a weight W sliding upon it.
This arrangement offers many advantages over the night-lamps actually in use.
The light of this night-lamp can be regulated at pleasure consequently the
flame produces no soot. Any liquid whatever may be kept at any degree of heat
desired during the whole period of combustion. In fact, an economy of 40% of
combustible is realized with this night-lamp, because the whole heat of the flame
is utilized and the light is kept at a constant height beneath the liquid to bo
warmed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
;
1. A night-lamp serving at the same time to warm milk and the like dis-
tinguished by the night-lamp, properly so-called, being supported by one of the
arms of a double lever K and held according to the consumption of the com-
bustible at a constant height beneath the bottom of the recipient containing the
liquid to be warmed, either by means of a weight W. sliding upon the other
arm of the lever, or by means of a spring which can be regulated by a screw.
2. A. night-lamp which may serve for warming liquids substantially as described
above and represented in the annexed drawing.
Dated this 7th day of September 1897.
Boiler Elements for Water Tube Boilers.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 8th Jan., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Boiler Elements for Water Tube Boilers.
I, GUSTAV LENTZ, of 18, Uhland Strasse, Dusseldorf, in the Empire of Germany,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Boiler elements for water tube boilers have the advantage of permitting the
use of a thin tube plate even with high steam pressure and in large boilers, where
the boiler plates have great thickness, and tubes directly rolled in, do not gener-
ally keep tight.
This invention has for its object to attain this by forming boiler elements of
bundles of tubes, the feeding tubes A in centre being protected against the
flame and hot gases by the surrounding evaporating tubes B.
At the upper end the tubes are fastened in a tange C with a thin tube plate D,
at the lower end they are fastened into a similar fange E with a mud collector
F and waste pipe G.
The bundles of tubes in the elements are straight, Fig. 1, or twisted, Figs. 2
and 3.
These boiler elements forming independent steam generators, can be applied
to any upper boiler, they are easily removed and replaced in case of leakage of
a tube and can be used for enlarging the heating surface of a boiler or can be
fastened vertically or inclined to an upper boiler of any shape or size and form
of water tube boilers suitable for different purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. Boiler elements for water tube boilers consisting of bundles of tubes,
fastened with the upper end in flanges with thin tube plates and with the lower end
into a flange with mud collector and waste pipe.
2. Boiler elements for water tube boilers fastened to upper boilers in vertical
or inclined position and requiring only one hole in the boiler for each element.
3. Boiler elements for water tube boilers forming independent steam generators,
being themselves independent water tube boilers, which can be applied to any
upper boiler for enlarging the steam generating capacity.
4. Boiler elements for water tube boilers, fastened to any large or small upper
boiler, forming water tube boilers of any shape and suitable for different pur-
poses.

page_text: 5. The arrangement and construction of boiler elements for water tube boilers,
substantially as described with reference to the drawings.
Dated this 13th day of November 1897.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.
Trimming or Garments.
Year: 1897

page_text: Trimming or Garments.
I, ROBERT ERTEL, of No. 16 Haarenstrasse, Oldenburg, in the German Empire,
Ladies' Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in trimmings for garments, particularly for
ladies' dresses and cloaks, for gentlemen's great coats, and the like. The object of
this invention is to protect the edges of such garments from becoming worn out and
fringed by wear and drag, and further to protect the material thereof against being
damaged by moisture.
In order that my invention may be the better understood, I now proceed to describe
the same with reference to the accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures
marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a front view of such an improved trimming.
Figure 2 is a section thereof.
Figure 2 shows a modified form of the trimming and
Figure 3 shows the trimming (drawn to a smaller scale than the other views) as
applied to a ladies' dress.
The material a of the dress is provided at the inner side with a broad border b, to
which are attached pieces c of plush or other material. A narrow space h is left
between the several pieces c, in order to save material, to avoid rendering the garment
unnecessarily heavy, and to allow of the border being ironed or pressed without
spoiling the plush. Around the whole garment may be provided a closed edge d and
a closed edge e in order to increase the effectiveness of the trimming.
The parts c, d, and e, are preferably made of plush, but may be made of india-
rubber, leather, or any other suitable material; and the form and arrangement of
these parts may be modified in any suitable manner, for instance they may be
arranged in one piece wavelike around the border, as shown in Figure 2.
It will be easily understood that the arrangement of these projections protects the
garment against becoming fringed, because such projections must be worn out before
the dress material can become worn out. Further this arrangement saves considerable
labour, because the trimming may be manufactured in quantities and be sewn to the
dress as a border, which will not become fringed, or be torn off. The projecting
parts c, d, and e further serve to repel any dirt or moisture in bad weather and thus
prevent the same from spoiling the dress. This trimming has the additional advantage
of giving the dress an elegant appearance, because the dress will be induced to lie flat.
This improved trimming may be made in any colours and shapes and of any
material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed. I declare that what I claim is.

page_text: An improved trimming for garments consisting of protectors or edges c, d, e, on a
supporting border b, adapted to be attached to the inner lower part of the garment,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
Dated thi. 7th 1
1007
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Tobacco Pipe Stoppers and Pickers or Cleaners.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1897-Accepted, 11th Dec., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tobacco Pipe Stoppers and Pickers or Cleaners.
I, HENRY RASSON, of 86 High Street, Islington, in the County of London, Gen-
tleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My invention relates to improvements in tobacco pipe plugs or stoppers, which
consists of an apparatus turned out of hard wood or of any other material, the same
being provided with a receptacle for holding a spring wire for hooking out burnt
tobacco from the-bowl of a pipe.
And in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood I now proceed
to describe the accompanying drawing thereof, reference being had to letters and
figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1, is the wire hooker:
Fig. 2, is the stopper half in elevation and half in section.
Fig. 3, is a plan of the top of the stopper.
Fig. 4, is a plan of the bottom of the stopper
Fig. 5, is the india rubber cap.
Fig. 6, is a plan of, the india rubber cap at g.
In carrying my invention into practice I turn out of hard wood a suitable shaped
handle b with a stem and at the end of the stem I form a plug or stopper d
curved towards the bottom e so that the said stopper will pass into the bowl of
any size tobacco pipe. In the said handle and stem of the plug or stopper I form
a receptacle c by boring for the purpose of holding the spring wire hooker a.
hooker a is constructed from any hard drawn metallic wire.
The
For covering the plug or stopper d I form an india rubber cap f of a correspond-
ing shape to the plug or stopper d.
This apparatus obviates the necessity of pressing the tobacco ash with the fingers.
The hooker is used to empty the bowl of the pipe without scratching or in any
way damaging it. My apparatus can be easily carried in the vest pocket without
soiling it, as the india rubber cap is fitted tight on to the part that touches the
ash so that the apparatus cannot soil the pocket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a tobacco pipe plug or stopper, the combination of the various parts fully
described in the above specification for the purpose specified.
2. In a tobacco pipe plug or stopper, the combination of the stem and handle ↳

page_text: receptacle c wire hooker a plug or stopper d and india rubber cap f, substantially
as herein described and according to the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 20th day of October, 1897.
J. P. BAYLY,
18 Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Fabric for Roofing Purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 3rd Apr., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Fabric for Roofing Purposes.
1. EDUARD KAUERT, Manager of Works, Kaiserstrasse Konigsborn near Nuna,
Westphalia, in the Empire of Germany do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The subject of this invention is a manufacture of roofing felt; and it is described
with reference to the annexed drawings.
Figure 1 shews a portion of the felt in course of manufacture, and Figure 2
represents a cross section of same.
Figure 3 shews a weft of a modified form.
According to this invention the weft of the fabric is composed of metal wire A
which is thickly coated (as by spinning over it) with coarse fibrous substance, such
as hair, wool, jute, or cocoa-nut fibre, peat fibres, wood wool, or other fibres that are
capable of being spun. The metal wire so covered is used as weft in the fabric;
whilst the warp consists of metal wire B of any desired thickness, and woven with
this weft into a close texture. This material is then thoroughly saturated with a .
waterproof mixture, such as asphalte, tar, or the like, and cemented on one or
both sides.
Figure 3 shews a modified form of weft made from two thin wires A and A',
which are intertwined with a fibrous strip C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The herein described manufacture of roofing fabric consisting of warp of
metal wire, and weft of wire, thickly covered with fibrous material, and saturated
or coated with a waterproof material or materials.
2. In a fabric of the character specified in the preceding claim, the employment
of a weft consisting of two thin metal wires, twisted with a fibrous strip, as
described.
3. A fabric of the character specified in Claim 1, having one or both of its
surfaces cemented as described.
1007
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
An Improvement in Hame-hooks and equivalent Trace Connections.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1897-Accepted, 15th Jan., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Hame-hooks and equivalent Trace Connections.
I, MURDOCH MCDONALD, of Service Street, Clunes, in the Colony of Victoria,
Blacksmith, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Heretofore it has been customary to make hame-hooks or equivalent trace con-
nections of wrought iron and the like so that as the bent portion of the hook, eye
or link, which takes the strain, becomes too much worn or breaks, a new portion
may be welded on. This necessitates the employment of skilled labour, besides
entailing a loss of time.
Now according to my invention I form the hame-hook or equivalent trace
connection in two parts, so that the worn part may be removed and a new part
substituted for it in a few seconds by an unskilled person, without any previous
knowledge or experience.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a side view, and,--
Figure 2 a section on line 2-2 Figure 1, of my invention as applied to
ordinary hame-hooks, whilst,-
Figures 3 and 4 are corresponding side views of my invention as applied to
other well-known forms of trace connections.
From the drawings it will be seen that the shank of the removable portion A
of the hook or other connection is gradually widened or made in the shape of a
dove-tail with bevelled edges a so as to fit between correspondingly converging
guides, retaining pieces or lugs B, whose inner faces 6 are undercut to correspond
with the bevelled edges or faces a of said widened or dove-tailed portion.
The joint so formed is safe and reliable, whilst in order to detach the removable
portion, it is simply necessary to knock back the removable part of the hook
or other connection so as to loosen it when it may be readily disconnected and
replaced by a new one.
With this invention it is therefore quite unnecessary that hame-hooks and the
like should be constructed of wrought iron which is comparatively expensive, as
I find that malleable cast iron is quite as serviceable whilst much cheaper, although
I do not limit myself thereto and if desired, crucible steel, wrought iron, or other
suitable metal may be employed as will be well understood. Furthermore instead
of it being necessary for farmers, teamsters and others to send their hame-hooks
or the like to the blacksmith for repairs, they need only supply themselves with
extra detachable portions and replace the worn ones as occasion demands.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
Hame-hooks or equivalent trace connections, made in two parts detachably con-

page_text: nected together in the manner and for the purpose herein described and explained
and as illustrated in my drawings.
Dated this First day of November One thousand eight hundred and ninety-
seven
MURDOCH MCDONALD.
Improvements in or connected with the Bases of Hot Water or Steam Radiators.
Year: 1897

page_text: .Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1897--Accepted, 10th Feb., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with the Bases of Hot Water or
Steam Radiators.
I, BRIDGMAN RUSSELL, of 42, Berwick Street, Oxford Street, London, W.,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
To attach a casting or forging consisting of a stand, feet or legs, by means of
bolting or screwing to the base of a radiator, such casting or forging having a waterway
through it, to which can be joined the inlet or outlet pipe, thus avoiding the casting
of a special end loop having feet, base, stand or legs cast on same and into which
the inlet or outlet connections are taken as is the usual practice.
Dated this 10th day of February 1897.
Improvements in or connected with the Bases of Hot Water or
Steam Radiators.
I, BRIDGMAN RUSSELL, Engineer, of 42, Berwick Street, Oxford Street, London, W.,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention consists of a casting or forging of metal in the shape of a foot,
stand, or leg which is attached to the radiator, either by means of bolting or screwing,
or expanded nipple in the same manner, as radiator loops are made up into complete
radiators, such casting or forging having a waterway through it, to which is connected
the inlet or outlet service pipe supplying the radiator, thus avoiding the necessity of
a special end loop or loops having feet base stand or legs in one casting or forging
and into which the inlet or outlet connections are taken, as is the usual practice.
The foot shewn in annexed drawing is one for bolting on.
Fig. 1 shews end elevation, the hole "A" being the bolt hole for attachment to
the radiator loops and the hole "B" for pipe connection. Fig. 2 shews the other
face with "C" the jointing surface connected to the loops. Fig. 3 is a section
shewing the waterway, also the bolt, pipe & face connection, and Fig. 4 a side
elevation.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
An attachment which may be fixed to the end loons of a hot water on steam

page_text: radiator, in the shape of a "stand," "foot," or leg having a waterway through same
and which can be either screwed, bolted, or fixed with an expanded nipple to the end
loops of a radiator, to form the radiator complete with its flow & return connections,
in the place of special end loops or castings with connections & loop of the same
casting as is the usual method and practice.
T
11: OLL
1007
Lanterns for Cycles and other Purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 30th Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Lanterns for Cycles and other Purposes.
I, LUDWIG SCHMITT, Technician, of P. 3. No. 3, Mannheim, in the Grand-
duchy of Baden, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to lanterns for cycles and other purposes the object of
which is to provide a lantern whose body forms together with a tube a draught
chimney and is insulated from the lamp-basin in order to prevent any propaga-
tion of the heat of the flame to the lamp-basin.
In the accompanying drawing is a a metallic combustion chamber provided
on its front-face or light radiating side with a window b of glass, mica or the
like.
In order to increase the draught a tube c is mounted on the body a so that
body a and tube c form together one chimney of metal with a window on its front-
face or light radiating side. The parts a, e may be surrounded by a casing, as
shown by dotted lines, to obtain air in reserve.
A body or part f made of substances of bad calorific conduction is fixed to the
basin or inserted in the lower portion of the lamp, to prevent the heat of the
flame to propagate from the body of the lantern to the lamp-basin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. In lanterns for cycles and other purposes the combination of a combustion
chamber provided with one or more windows on its light radiating side, with a
draught-chimney or tube whereby the combustion chamber may be at the same
time the body of the lantern or not, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
2. In lanterns for cycles and other purposes the combination of a combustion
chamber provided with one or more windows on its light radiating side with a
draught-chimney or tube, whereby the combustion chamber may be at the same
time the body of the lantern or not, and a body or part made of substances of
bad calorific conduction fixed to the basin or inserted in the lower portion of the
lamp, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Dated this 27th day of September 1897.
THOS. WILKINS,
Agent for Applicant.
Year: 1897

page_text: fugal force created by the rotation of the wheel, the liquid penetrates into any
puncture which may occur and immediately closes the same in an absolutely
air-tight manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention as communicated to me, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
I declare that what I claim is :
1. The method of closing punctures in pneumatic tyres which consists in the use
within the tyre of a liquid consisting essentially of water glass which on a puncture
occurring enters the puncture, hardens therein and forms a non-hygroscopic seal.
2. In a liquid for closing punctures in pneumatic tyres the employment of a
soluble silicate in solution in said liquid as herein before described.
3. A liquid for closing punctures in pneumatic tyres said liquid consisting
of an aqueous solution containing soluble silicate and a soluble agglutinating
material.
4. A liquid for closing punctures in pneumatic tyres said liquid consisting
of an aqueous solution containing water glass and a soluble carbohydrate in about
the proportions specified.
5. A liquid for closing punctures in pneumatic tyres, said liquid consisting
of an aqueous solution containing water glass, sugar and dextrin in about the
proportions specified.
6. A liquid for closing punctures in pneumatic tyres, said liquid consisting
of an aqueous solution containing water glass and liquid or soluble albumen,
substantially as described.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
An Improved Cement or Concrete.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 26th Feb.,
1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Cement or Concrete.
I, DAVID WILSON, of Brading, Isle of Wight, Cement Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of an improved cement or concrete according to my inven-
tion I take Portland cement and crushed or powdered slate and mix them together
in equal proportions or other proportions according to the purpose for which the
cement or concrete is designed to be used.
I, DAVID WILSON, of Brading, Isle of Wight, Cement Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
In the manufacture of an improved cement or concrete according to my inven-
tion I take Portland cement and crushed or powdered slate and mix them together
in equal proportions or other proportions according to the purpose for which the
cement or concrete is designed to be used.
In using the said cement or concrete I mix water therewith and otherwise pro-
ceed as in using Portland cement alone or concrete consisting of Portland cement
and sand or in any convenient manner according to circumstances.
Cement or concrete manufactured according to my invention is suitable for all
the purposes to which Portland cement or concrete consisting of Portland cement
and the other materials ordinarily used are applicable.
In the preparation according to my invention of a cement or concrete for use as
a plaster or mortar the materials may be mixed in the proportions of one part by
bulk of Portland cement to four parts by bulk of crushed or powdered slate.
For the manufacture of slabs the two materials or ingredients of my improved
cement or concrete may be used in equal proportions.
Although I have thus indicated proportions in which the two materials may be
used in admixture for certain purposes I would observe that I do not limit myself
to use of the said materials in those proportions or in any specific proportions
either for the said purposes or for other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said

page_text: invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
A cement or concrete consisting of Portland cement in admixture with crushed
or powdered slate.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
An Improvement in Rollers for Use in Grinding Corn.
Year: 1897

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Rollers for Use in Grinding Corn.
I, THEODOR OPEL, of Laasdorf a/ Roda, Sachsen-Altenburg, in the Empire of
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described aud
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to an improvement in rollers for use in grinding
corn and consists in providing the surface of the roller with a series of annular
alternating grooves and projections which engage with corresponding annular
projections and grooves upon the companion roller.
In the accompanying drawings-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of rollers designed in accordance with the present
invention; while
Figure 2 is a sectional view showing the rollers in their position of engagement.
It will be seen that a relatively large grinding surface is provided, which
obviates the use of rollers of large diameter and renders the operation of
grinding more efficient in producing a greater output in a short time to a degree
impossible by the use of porcelain and other rollers as now in use.
It is not necessary that the rollers be placed close together in order to get
a good grinding.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is-
Improvement in rollers for use in grinding corn characterized by the provision
of alternating annular projections and grooves; for increasing the grinding
surface substantially as described.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 28th July, 1897-Accepted, 28th Aug., 1897
I, KARL MEENTS, of 19 Stuttgarterplatz, Charlottenburg, in the Empire of
Germany, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The Invention forming the subject of this application is represented in the
annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Figure 2 a plan of the
crank.
According to this invention, the crank is of curved form, as shewn.
Starting from the axle a, the crank b is carried downwards and then upwards, and
with a curved sweep to the pedal c. The crank may also be given a curved set
outwards, as shewn in Figure 2.
By this form of crank, a considerably greater speed in riding will be obtained
without an increased application of power, and a shorter crank may be employed for
obtaining the same speed as a longer one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. A Pedal Crank for Cycles, in which the connection between the wheel-axle and
the pedal is not a straight one, but one that is curved in such a manner, that,
starting from the axle, the pedal crank is first made to go downwards and then
upwards in a curved form, to the pedal; substantially as set forth.
2. The pedal crank particularly as shewn in and set forth with reference to the
drawings.
Improvement in Metal Plates suitable as a Raw Material for the Manufacture of Spoons, Mincing Knives, and other Utensils.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 6th Mar., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Metal Plates suitable as a Raw Material for the
Manufacture of Spoons, Mincing Knives, and other Utensils.
I, ARNOLD STEIN, Manager, of Grafenbergerchaussée No. 322, Düsseldorf, in
the German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object, to provide sheets or strips of steel or other
metal which, owing to their shape, are more advantageous as a raw material for the
manufacture of spoons, mincing knives and similar domestic utensils, than the plain
sheet steel commonly used.
For this purpose I roll or press the steel sheets in the shape of strips which are
comparatively thick along the middle line, and gradually reduced in thickness
towards the right and left edge, as represented by the accompanying drawing, of
which
Fig. 1 is a partial plan of a sheet or strip, and
Fig. 2 a section along line A-B of Fig. 1.
The entire sheet is cut into strips, and blanks of the desired shape are stamped
out of the same by means of a suitable machine of known construction. For
making mincing knives, a sheet is divided in the middle, so as to obtain two
wedge-shaped sheets or blades.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
A plate of sheet metal, which is thick along the middle line and gradually
reduced in thickness towards the right and left hand edges, substantially as
described and for the purpose specified.
Dated this ora day or February 1891.
ARNOLD STEIN,
By Fairfax & Wetter,
Agents.
ARNOLD STEIN,
By Fairfax & Wetter,
Agents.
Improvements in Apparatus for Preparing Fish for Oure.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application. 2nd Feb., 1897—Accepted, 15th May, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Preparing Fish for Oure.
JOHN Ross Junior, 5ª Albert Quay, Aberdeen, Fish Curer, do hereby declare tho
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
A balk of wood A, measuring on the top and bottom one inch and a half in
breadth, by one inch in thickness on the sides, and of whatever length may be
deemed sufficient. This balk is furnished with studs or needles B, inserted in it
either singly, or in groups of two or more, at intervals along both its sides: a
proportion of the studs or needles being mado with a loop in the middle b, of not
less than one quarter inch diameter, and all the studs or needles aro of a total length
of one inch and a half, and sharpened to a point at their extremeties.
The fish to be cured are hung or suspended on the balk by being thrust on the
free extremeties of the studs or needles, or groups thereof, and are thus drained
of any superabundant moisture remaining in them and while so hung or susponded
on the bulk, they are further placed upon suitable supports erected in the smoking
kiln or chamber until the process of cure is completed.
Ilaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
A distinct novelty in respect that the fish are prepared for cure by being
individually thrust on the free extremities of the needlos noted in the foregoing
specification, as compared with the only system now in use; whereby the fish are
prepared for cure by being tied with twine in pairs by the tails, and so hung
across the balk of wood.
Improvements in the Air Vessels of Hydraulic Rams and Pumps.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 7th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 12th Mar., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Air Vessels of Hydraulic Rams and Pumps.
I, GEORGE LEWIS TOWNLEY, of West Haddon, Rugby, in the County of North-
amptonshire, Machinist and Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
In carrying out my invention I provide a strong flexible bag made of india
rubber or other similar material & made in various sizes, fitted with an ordinary
self closing valve. This bag can be made any shape.
In use the bag is inserted in the air vessel of an hydraulic ram or pump and after
insertion is inflated with air by means of an ordinary air pump.
Dated this 26th day of Anmil 1207
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Air Vessels of Hydraulic Rams and Pumps.
I, GEORGE LEWIS TOWNLEY, of West Haddon, Rugby, in the County of North-
amptonshire, Machinist and Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement: —
In carrying out my invention I provide a strong flexible bag made of india
rubber or other similar material and made in various sizes and is fitted with an
ordinary self closing valve. The bag can be made any shape.
In use the bag is inserted in the air vessel of an hydraulic ram or pump and after
insertion is inflated with air by means of an ordinary air pump.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The application of the india rubber bag, to the purpose described.
2. The fitting of the valve to the bag for the purpose of blowing up or inflating
the bag after insertion in the ram or pump.
Dated this First day of March 1898.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chains.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Chains.
I, JOHANN BURKHARDT of 1, Louisenplatz, Pforzheim, in the Empire of
Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In the manufacture of chains as hitherto carried out the so-called pointed chains
are made by soldering or otherwise uniting either the points or meeting ends or
even the separate links.
By means of the invention herein described chains may be manufactured without
any soldering.
In order that my invention may be readily understood I will now describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are views in side elevation and 14, 2 and 3 are edge views of
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 respectively illustrating this method of bending and connecting
the links, and
Figs. 4 and 5 show by way of example different patterns of links which may be
employed.
Separate links (which should be of equal length though not necessarily so but
which may vary in shape or pattern) such for example as those illustrated in
Figs. 1 and 1 are stamped or cut out in any suitable manner whereupon one of
these blanks is bent at its middle and folded together as shown in Figs. 2 and 24 and
a second link or blank (in the flat or non-folded state as shown in Figs. 1
and 14) is then passed through the opening in the first said folded link (Figs. 2
and 24) and then the link so inserted is also bent in the manner described and by
continuing this process a pointed chain of the desired length may be formed as
shown in Figs. 3 and 34 or other suitably shaped links may be used as shown in
Figs. 4 and 5.
The links may be of different shapes and small discs or trefoils or the like may
be stamped therewith thereby forming chains of great diversity of pattern.
By means of this invention chains may be manufactured at a low cost and
without soldering.
Having now particularly, described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The manufacture of chains (without soldering) out of single links stamped or
otherwise suitably formed by bending together the first link at the middle portion
thereof whereupon a similar link which however has not yet been bent is passed
through the two bent together halves of the first link and afterwards similarly
bent together a chain of any desired length being thus formed substantially as
described and illustrated.
Dated this 19th day of January 1897.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
The Production of a New Food for Human Consumption.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Aug., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 28th May, 1898-Accepted, 23rd July, 1898
The Production of a New Food for Human Consumption.
CHARLES ESTCOURT, 20, Albert Square, Manchester, Consulting and Analytical
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
I take carefully prepared animal albumen or dried blood or clotted blood care-
fully prepared or preferably when it can be obtained I take fresh fluid blood
and mix with it a certain proportion of saccharine matter, preferably in solution
such as molasses, treacle, syrup or any natural or artificial sugars and glucoses
which can be produced. The proportions to use so as to make a palatable and
sound food of high nutritive value are twenty parts of molasses or its equivalent
in other saccharine matter to eighty parts of fluid blood or its equivalent of
albuminous matter.
These proportions may be varied but generally they will be satisfactory. The
resulting compound may be used either as a fluid food or may be used in a dry
or partially dry state alone or combined with starchy or other solid nutritive matter.
Dated this Thirtieth day of August 1897.
The Production of a New Food for Human Consumption.
CHARLES ESTCOURT, 20, Albert Square, Manchester, Consulting and Analytical
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
I take carefully prepared animal albumen or dried blood, or clotted blood care-
fully prepared; or preferably when it can be obtained; I take fresh fluid blood
and mix with it a certain proportion of saccharine matter, preferably in solution
such as molasses, treacle, syrup or any natural or artificial sugars and glucoses
which can procured. The proportions to use 60 as to make a palatable and
sound food of high nutritive value are twenty parts of molasses or its equivalent
in other saccharine matter to eighty parts of fluid blood or its equivalent of
albuminous matter by weight or measure.
These proportions may be varied, but generally they will be satisfactory. The
resulting compound may be used either as a fluid food or may be used in a dry
or partially dry state, alone or combined with starchy or other solid nutritive matter.
CP 877

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
-
1. A mixture of albumen, dried blood, clotted blood or fluid blood with molasses
or other saccharine matter, alone or in combination with any other nutritive matter
as a food for invalids or other persons.
An Improvement in Leather Packing Rings for Pistons, Plungers, and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 12th June, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in Leather Packing Rings for Pistons, Plungers,
and the like.
I, PETER BROTHERHOOD, of Belvedere Road, Lambeth, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :---
My invention relates to the formation and fixing of a leather packing ring for a
piston, plunger or the like, consisting of a simple ring or washer which requires no
special moulding to cup or other form, but which takes the required shape and
becomes fixed in a suitably formed groove in the piston or plunger, as I shall
describe referring to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a section of part of a piston and a cylinder wall shewing packing
according to my invention to prevent passage of fluid from either side of the
piston.
Fig. 2 is a section of part of a plunger and cylinder with packing to prevent
passage of fluid from the cylinder.
In the edge of the piston P Fig. 11 form two grooves of the form shewn and
into each of these I fit a packing leather L which consists of a flat ring or washer
softened by wetting, and while soft forced over the edge p of the piston and seated
in the groove, the piston being then introduced into the cylinder C. In like manner
for the packing of a plunger P Fig. 2, I form a groove in the mouth of the
cylinder C and seat in it the soft leather ring L'.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
For packing a piston, plunger or the like, a flat ring of leather seated in a
groove so formed as to hold one edge of the ring in an oblique recess while the
other edge bears flat against the cylinder or plunger.
Dated this 25th day of March 1807
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.