CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Jewsbury, of Kinver, in the County of
Stafford, Machinist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS."
Sealed the 25th October 1860, and dated the 6th June 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Jewsbury at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
June 1860.
I, JOSEPH JEWSBURY, of Kinver, in the County of Stafford, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, in
pointing, turning, and worming screws.
improved self-acting machinery for
Secondly, in fixing the rotating tables of nicking machines in an inclined
position.
My Invention applies particularly to the manufacture of screws known in
commerce as wood screws.
My improvements in self-acting machinery for pointing, turning, and worm-
ing screws are as follows:-The ordinary self-acting machines for pointing,
turning, and worming, have each an additional spindle driven from the lathe
spindle by a worm and tangent wheel and bevil wheels, on which additional

page_text: spindle cams are fixed, to give motion to the mechanism for feeding and
holding the blank.
In my arrangement I lengthen the cam spindle of one lathe so that two or
more lathes can be worked self-acting from the same spindle, thus avoiding
the complication of worm and tangent wheel and bevel wheels in all the
lathes, which I connect to the cam spindle, excepting the first. I employ a
tool for holding the screw blanks while being pointed constructed as follows:-
The said tool may be circular, square, or of other sectional form, and is
countersunk at one end, and has radial notches made therein, so that there is
formed a series of sharp edges, by which the head of the screw blank is held
whilst it is being pointed.
Tbat part of my Invention which relates to the rotating tables of nicking
machines is as follows:-The said tables are ordinarily fixed either in a
horizontal or a vertical plane, in neither of which positions are the blanks fed
satisfactorily. My improvement consists in placing the axis of the rotating
table at right angles with the slotted rail which carries the blanks to the said
table to be nicked across the head. The table is thereby made to work in an
inclined position, in which position the blanks are more satisfactorily fed to the
said table.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Jewsbury in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th December 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
JEWSBURY, of Kinver, in the County of Stafford, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Joseph Jewsbury, Her special licence, that I, the said Joseph
Jewsbury, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Joseph Jewsbury, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS," upon the con-

page_text: dition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Jewsbury, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Jewsbury, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists, firstly, in improved self-acting machinery for
pointing, turning, and worming screws.
And, secondly, in fixing the rotating tables of nicking machines in an
inclined position, or inclining the edge of the said tables, as herein-after
particularly described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
My Invention applies particularly to the manufacture of the screws known
in commerce as wood screws.
My improvements in self-acting machinery for pointing, turning, and
worming screws are as follows:-The ordinary self-acting machines for
pointing, turning, and worming, have each an additional spindle driven from
the lathe spindle by a worm and tangent wheel and bevil wheels, on which
additional spindles cams are fixed, to give motion to the mechanism for
feeding and holding the blank.
In constructing machinery for the manufacture of screws according to my
Invention, I cause a toothed wheel turning freely on the end of one of the
lathe heads to drive a train of wheels which transmit motion to a horizontal
shaft or axis, on which shaft or axis are a series of cams. The said axis is
situated midway between two parallel rows of pointing, turning, or worming
lathes. The said cams acting upon levers feed and support the screw blank
while it is being operated upon by the tools in the lathe head.
Figure 1 of the Drawings represents in plan a series of pointing lathes
constructed according to my Invention, the said Figure 1 being drawn to half
scale. a is a lathe head, carrying fast and loose pullies b, c, on the axis d;
the said axis & carries pointing tools 6, f; at each end. The holders g, h, are
fixed in the slides i, k, respectively, which said slides are worked by the free
ends of the levers l, m, the other ends of the said levers l, m, being jointed to
the framing of the machine at n, o The cams p, q, fixed on the cam shaft r;
act upon the levers l, m, and cause the holders g, h, to retire after the screw

page_text: blanks s, t, have been sufficiently operated upon by the pointing tools e, f. The
advancing motion of the holders g, h, is effected by coiled springs g³, h³, in
the usual manner. The cams p and q³ on the cam shaft r actuate the feeding
mechanism, but as the said feeding mechanism resembles that ordinarily
employed, I have not thought it necessary to represent it in the Drawing.
The double-acting lathe head a is one of a series of lathe heads of the same
kind fixed at suitable intervals on the bed u of the machine. On the opposite
side of the cam shaft r is another lathe head v, which said lathe head v is one
of a series fixed on the bed w, w, of the machine. The levers x, y, are made
to act upon the slides z and 2, in which the holders 3, 4, are fixed by means
of the cams 5 and 6 on the cam shaft r, as already explained with reference
to the levers l, m. The feeders of the series of lathes v are also worked from
the cam shaft r. There is thus situated on either side of the cam shaft r and
parallel thereto a series of pointing lathes, the holders and feeders of which
are self-acting, and are all worked from the said cam shaft r. Motion is
given to the pointing tools e, f, by means of a band from the driving shaft
and the fixed pulley b. The other lathe heads are driven in a similar
manner.
Figure 2 represents in vertical section, of the full size, the end lathe head of
one of the series represented in Figure 1; the said end lathe head, Figure 2,
differs from the lathe head a, Figure 1, in being single acting. On the end 7
of the shaft 8 is a pulley 10 and toothed wheel 11, the said pulley and toothed
wheel being keyed together or cast in one piece, and working freely on the
end 7 of the axis 8. On the end of the cam shaft r, Figure 1, is a toothed
wheel, which is geared to the toothed wheel 11, Figure 2, by means of a train
of toothed wheels, the teeth of the said train of wheels being so proportioned
that the toothed wheel 11 makes about eighteen revolutions to one revolution
of the cam shaft r. The pulley 10 is driven by a band which gives motion to
it independently of the motion of the shaft 8, on which, as I have already
explained, the pulley 10 and toothed wheel 11 turn freely. By the arrange-
ment described and illustrated in the Drawings, two series of lathes can be
worked self-acting from the same cam shaft, thus superseding the necessity for
a separate cam shaft for each lathe.
Although I have described this part of my Invention as applied to a pointing
lathe, yet this part of my said Invention is equally applicable to lathes for
turning the heads of and worming screws. The feeding apparatus by which
the blanks are supplied to the machines, Figures 1 and 2, as well as the other
parts not described or represented, resemble those ordinarily employed in
screw making machinery.

page_text: Although I have described and represented the method by which I prefer
to actuate the cam shaft, yet I do not limit myself thereto, as the said cam
shaft may be actuated by other means. For worming lathes or machines I
sometimes employ a worm and worm wheel to actuate the cam shaft. The
essence of this part of my Invention, consisting in actuating the holders and
feeders of a series of pointing, turning, and screwing lathes by means of cams
situated on one shaft or axis.
The claw or holder which I employ for holding the screw blanks while
being pointed is constructed in the manner hereinafter described and illustrated
in Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings, Figure 3 being an elevation of the
full size of my improved claw or holder, Figure 4 a vertical section of the
same, and Figure 5 an end elevation of the same. The stem 12 of the said
tool or holder is circular in cross section, or it may be square or of other
sectional form. The upper end of the said stem is countersunk, and has made
therein a series of radial notches 13, 13. A series of sharp edges is thereby
formed on the end of the tool, by which the head of the screw blank is held
while being pointed, as illustrated in the machine, Figure 1, in which said
machine the holding tools or claws g, h, are made according to my Invention.
The inner sides or edges 14 of the radial notches 13, 13, are inclined from
the axis of the tool to its circumference, so that screw blanks having heads of
different sizes can be held in the said tool or claw.
That part of my Invention which relates to the rotating tables of nicking
machines is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the Drawings, Figure 6 repre-
senting a side elevation of this part of my Invention, and Figure 7 a side
elevation (partly in section) of a modification of the same. The said tables
are ordinarily fixed either in a horizontal or vertical plane, in neither of
which positions are the blanks fed satisfactorily. This part of my Invention
consists in placing the axis of the rotating table at right angles or nearly at
right angles to the slotted rail, which carries the blanks to be nicked or
inclining the periphery of the said rotating tables, as hereinafter explained.
15, Figure 6, is the slotted rail down which the screw blanks are fed to the
rotating table 16 in the ordinary manner. The axis 17 of the said rotating
table is situated at right angles to the rail 15, and the said rotating table is
in the same plane as the said rail 15, as represented. The table 16 has
grooves or recesses made in its periphery, into which the screw blanks fall to
be carried by the said table 16, under the operation of the rotating saw 18, by
which the nick across the head is cut. The rotatory motions of the table 16
and saw 18 are effected in the usual way.
In the modification of this part of my Invention, represented in Figure 7,

page_text: I make the rotating table 19 rotate in a horizontal plane as heretofore, but
the periphery or edge 20 of the said table 19 is inclined to the part fixed to
the axis 21, that is to say, the said table has somewhat the figure of a bevil
toothed wheel. The inclined part 20 of the table, having the same plane as
that of the slotted rail 22, the screw blanks are fed as effectually thereto as
if the whole of the table was inclined in the manner represented in Figure 6.
The parts of the nicking machinery not represented resemble those ordinarily
employed. By constructing the rotating tables of nicking machines in the
manner represented in Figures 6 and 7, the feeding of the screw blanks to
the said tables is rendered more certain and effective than by the ordinary
method.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the same
may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I
claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the improvement or improvements in self-acting machinery or lathes
for pointing, turning, and worming screws herein-before described and illus-
trated in Figures 1 and 2 of the acompanying Drawings, that is to say,
working the holders and feeders of two or more of the said machines or lathes
from one cam shaft.
Secondly, the improvement in claws or holding tools for holding the screw
blanks in pointing machines or lathes herein-before described and illustrated
in Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly, placing the rotating tables of screw-nicking machines in the same
plane as the slotted rail by which the blanks are fed to the said table, or when
the said table is in a horizontal plane inclining the edge so as to bring the
said edge into the same plane as the slotted rail, as berein-before described
and illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Jewsbury, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
JOSEPH JEWSBURY. (L.S.)