ROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHISELS AND GOUGES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
WILSON, Foreman to Messrs. William Greaves and Sons, of the Sheaf
Works, Sheffield, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-first day of
September, One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, in the twelfth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Wilson, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial
license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Henry
Wilson, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry
Wilson, my exors, adñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CHISELS AND GOUGES;" in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Henry Weston, should
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my

page_text: hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Wilson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following thereof, that is to say:―
In the manufacture of chisels and gouges it has been the practise to make
some with what are called tangs and others with what are called sockets, the
tangs and sockets in each case being used alone. Now the object of the pre-
sent Invention is to combine the use of a socket and a tang with the same
chisel or gouge, by which each of such tools may be used for the ordinary
purpose of a chisel or gouge, and also for morticing, so that the artisan,
unless he prefers to do so, will not require to have a tool for each purpose.
The old socket chisel and gouge have handles of wood inserted into their
sockets, which handles in use receive the blows or strokes of a mallet, and
often those of a hammer, and they are much subjected to lateral strain; and
from these circumstances the handles are liable to break off at the upper
edges of the sockets; and I consider that the additional use of tangs to such
tools will give greater stability to the handles. The tanged chisels and gouges,
on the other hand, have also handles of wood, which are drilled, and the tangs
are driven into them; and in some cases ferrules are used to bind the lower
parts of the handles. These tools are very liable to have their handles split,
not only by the side strain to which they are subject in use, but also by reason
of their often being driven by a mallet or hammer; and it is to obviate this
defect that sockets are by this Invention to be combined with the use of tangs.
In making chisels and gouges according to my improvements the sockets may
be forged with the tang, or be welded, or be brazed or fixed.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that what I
claim is the mode of manufacturing chisels and gouges by combining the use
of tangs and sockets in the same instruments.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Wilson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
HENRY (L.s.) WILSON.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Henry Wilson came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Seventeenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.