Improvements in the Manufacture of Projectiles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 9th Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Projectiles.
We, ROBERT ABBOTT HADFIELD, of Hecla Works Sheffield in the County of
York, Steel Manufacturer, and ALEXANDER GEORGE MCKENZIE JACK, of the
same address, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
When a steel projectile is cast base downward, if the wall be comparatively thin,
and the base thick, the base is liable to be unsound, owing to settling or falling
away of the steel from the core.
Now, according to this invention, in order to obviate the evil above mentioned,
a composite chill is provided, at the base of the core, in such a manner that whilst
having the effect of preventing settling, it will not be liable to cause the casting
to break up, by draws or contraction cracks, and will be capable of ready
removal through the small hole in the base of the shell; a construction of core
for this purpose is composed of a perforated tube or hollow spindle, with
surrounding hay-band, moulding material, and at the base of the core, a series of
part-chills of cast iron, wrought iron, er steel; these being of segmental or other
suitable shape and forming a composite chill conformable as respects its exterior to the
desired shape of the base of the shell to be produced; the inner surfaces of the part-
chills or segments may have projections cast on to ensure their being firmly fixed
in the other material of the core. These part-chills or segments do not quite
touch each other, a small space being left between every two, which space is
rammed with the moulding material, the object being to facilitate contraction of
the casting. The part-chills or segments are made of such a size that they may be
easily removed through the hole in the base of the shell. In making the core the
part-chills or segments are arranged in proper form in the base of the core-box
and the moulding material is rammed behind, between and above them, the
remainder of the core being rammed and finished in the usual way.
Dated this 5th day of May 1894
Improvements in the Manufacture of Projectiles.
We, ROBERT ABBOTT HADFIELD of Hecla Works, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Steel Manufacturer, and ALEXANDER GEORGE MCKENZIE JACK, of the
same address, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
When a steel projectile is cast base downward, if the wall be comparatively thin,
and the base thick, the base is liable to be unsound, owing to settling or falling
away of the steel from the core.
Now, according to this invention, in order to obviate the evil above mentioned, a
composite chill is provided, at the base of the core, in such a manner that whilst

page_text: having the effect of preventing settling, it will not be liable to cause the casting
to "pull,” by draws or contraction cracks, and will be capable of ready removal
through the small hole in the base of the shell.
A construction of core for this purpose is composed of a perforated tube or
hollow spindle with surrounding hay-band, moulding material, and, at the base of
the core, a series of part-chills of cast iron, wrought iron, or steel, these being of
segmental or other suitable shape and forming a composite chill conformable, as
respects its exterior, to the desired shape of the base of the shell to be produced.
the inner surfaces of the part-chills or segments may have projections cast on to
ensure their being firmly fixed in the other material of the core. These part-chills
or segments do not quite touch each other, a space being left between every two,
which space is rammed with the moulding material, the object being to facilitate
contraction of the casting. The part-chills or segments are made of such a size
that they may be easily removed through the hole in the base of the shell. In
making the core the part-chills or segments are arranged in proper form in the
base of the core-box and the moulding material is rammed behind, between and
above them, the remainder of the core being rammed and finished in the
usual way.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 shows in vertical section, partly in elevation, part of a shell with core
such as above referred to.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan without the hay band and moulding material.
A is the perforated tube or hollow spindle, B the surrounding hay band, C the
core composition, and D D a series of part-chills or segments spaced apart at the
base of the core and having projections d to ensure their being firmly fixed in
the other material or composition C of the core. E represents part of a shell
having a thick base.
As will be obvious the number of part-chills or segments D and their size and
shape or mass can be varied to suit requirement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In the manufacture of projectiles by casting the same base downward, the use
of a composite chill at the base of the core substantially in the manner described
for the purpose mentioned, the parts of said chill being such as can be readily
removed through the hole in the base of the shell as set forth.
2. In the manufacture of projectiles by casting the same base downward, the use
of a core composed of a perforated tube or hollow spindle with surrounding hay
band, moulding material, and, at the base of the core, a series of part-chills of cast
iron, wrought iron or steel, these forming a composite chill conformable, as respects
its exterior, to the desired shape of the base of the shell to be produced,
substantially as described.
Dated this 5th day of February 1895
Dated this 5th day of February 1895
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.