IMPROVEMENTS IN QUICK ADJUSTING PARALLEL SCREW OR BENCH VICES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Phineas Lawrence, of Farringdon Street, in the City of
London, Merchant, for an invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN QUICK ADJUSTING
PARALLEL SCREW OR BENCH VICES,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Phineas Lawrence at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1882.
PHINEAS LAWRENCE, of Farringdon Street, in the City of London, Merchant,
IMPROVEMENTS IN QUICK ADJUSTING, PARALLEL SCREW, OR BENCH VICES,
My improvements in quick adjusting, parallel screw, or bench vices relate,
First. To the production of a vice of this class which will be stronger, lighter
more rigid and compact in structure, and which can more quickly and readily be
made to accommodate itself to the varying sizes of the work to be clamped, and
which will be more powerful in its action than those heretofore produced.
Secondly. To an improved journal swivel device, by means of which, the vice
may be quickly set (from above the bench) to any required angle in one plane;
and, furthermore to so locking the journal at its extreme outer edges, that the
entire contrivance, or apparatus, shall be as rigid as if made with a solid base
bolted to a bench in the ordinary manner.
Thirdly. To an improved pivotal swiveling base by means of which the vice may
be quickly set, (from above the bench) without relieving the strain of the clamping
nut beneath the bench.
Fourthly, To the addition of a supplementary support, or brace, attached to the
front jaw, and arranged to be supported at the edge of the bench, for the purpose,
(when locked) of relieving the slide rods of excessive strain when clamping very
large and heavy parts, in chipping, and the like.
As usual in screw-vices of this class, one jaw is secured to the bench or other
solid support and the other jaw is caused to move bodily to and from the first jaw,
the two always remaining substantially parallel.
In screw-vices of this class as heretofore constructed, the screw, which is of
considerable length, passes loosely through the moveable jaw, and works in a nut
formed in, or just in rear of the fixed jaw, and the jaws are moved to and from

page_text: each other only by the action of the screw. This means of opening and closing the
jaws is necessarily slow, and when, as is frequently required, the spread of the
jaws has to be changed considerably, it occasions delay and useless expenditure of
labour. To avoid this slow process, and to provide for the rapid adjustment of the
jaws to work of varying sizes the screw is made shorter than usual, and works in a
nut tapped to a suitable depth in the end of the sliding rod that connects the two
jaws. The sliding rod which is either round or polygonal slides freely backwards
and forwards in a bearing formed in the fixed jaw, the end, which is formed to
constitute the nut, entering a corresponding bearing, formed in the moveable jaw.
One side of the sliding bar is preferably flattened, and is provided with a series of
ratchet teeth which engage with a pawl fitted in a recess formed in the fixed jaw
just below the bearing of the sliding rod, said pawl projecting from a shaft that
extends through the jaw-body, were it carries crank arms on each side of the jaw.
The pawl is held in engagement with the ratchet by a spring but can be readily
withdrawn from such engagement, when desirable, by a proper movement of either
of said crank-arms. When the jaws require to be adjusted to receive a piece of
work of large dimensions, one of the crank-arms must be operated so as to
disengage the pawl from the ratchet, the moveable jaw is then free to be moved to
any desired distance from the fixed jaw; a pin serves to prevent the sliding bar
from being entirely withdrawn from its bearings. The jaws being set at the
required relative distance apart, the crank arms are released to permit the pawl to
engage with the ratchet and suspend any further outward movement of the
sliding bar If the screw be now rotated, it will be drawn into the nut in the end
of the sliding rod, thus slowly shortening the said rod; and as its fixed collar
impinges against the bearing of the moveable jaw and the pawl at the same time
locks the fixed jaw to the sliding rod, the shortening of said rod will consequently
cause the jaws to be slowly and powerfully drawn together to clamp the work
very firmly between them. As this vice is ordinarily required only to move the
jaw a very short distance, the screw can be made of fine pitch, thus making the
vice very powerful in its nipping action.
When the sliding rod is of round form it is prevented from turning with the
screw by means of a spline or feather which extends into a groove or slot in the
moveable jaw, and a similar groove or slot in the rod. The spline is also made to
serve another purpose. Were there nothing to prevent the entire withdrawal of
the nut from the screw it is obvious that the screw 'might be subjected to strain
when having but a few threads of bearing, and hence would be likely to become
injured. As the spline is locked against withdrawal from the front jaw by a screw,
and as the slot in the sliding rod does not extend through to the end of the rod
but terminates in a solid wall. The action of the front jaw by means of the screw
is restricted to the distance between this stop-piece and the fixed collar on the
screw.
In order that the relative position of the screw within the nut may be readily
ascertained without having to rotate the operating lever, I stamp or mark the
ratchet rod in such design and position relative to the location of the screw in the
nut, that when said marks are in "line of sight" with the face of the front jaw, the
operator will know at a glance if the adjustment is correct, and if not right-that
is, too far in, or too far out-he can make the proper adjustment by a few turns of
the screw.
The screw is prevented from being withdrawn from the moveable jaw either
when its action is reversed or when the jaws are being separated, by a cap placed
outside of the collar and secured by screws to the jaw aforesaid.
The jaws can be brought together to adapt the vice to nip a piece of work of
small size by simply pushing the moveable jaw inwards, the ratchet-teeth in such
case sliding freely past the end of the pawl. By this construction the screw and
strain bearing surfaces are encased, and hence protected from dust and filings.
The jaws are sustained in their parallel relation to each other both vertically and
horizontally by a guide rod.

page_text: A friction clutch may be substituted for the pawl and ratchet. This clutch is
fixed upon the shaft, the same as the pawl, and is thrown out of engagement with
the sliding rod in the same manner. The clutch is, however, set so that it bears
against the solid wall of the recess in the fixed jaw instead of entirely upon the
shaft, as does the pawl. When the rod is slid in the direction for closing the jaws,
the clutch is not called into action; but upon any attempt to move the rod in the
opposite direction it is locked by the action of the clutch.
The end of the clutch is made slightly concave so as to come into contact with
more of the surface of the sliding rod.
The use of the crank arms or hand levers aforesaid is to permit of the operator
actuating the ratchet rod from any position.
My improved journal swivel device is firmly secured to the bench by ordinary
"lag" screws and a circular ring or-as it will be termed journal box, the upper
face and inner side of which are finished, and form an upright bearing to a corre-
spondingly finished shoulder and journal formed upon the bottom of the base of
the back jaw. The vice is now free to be rotated in either or both directions, but
will be restrained against any other movement, except a direct lift upwards, by
the journal bearing in the box. The journal box is also finished below the internal
bearing or shoulder but is tapered outwardly in respect to said bearing. To this
tapered portion is fitted a clamping disc or ring which is preferably, partially
secured to the bottom of the base by screws set to nearly cause the two tapering
surfaces to clamp, but yet leaving the vice free to be rotated, though now secured
in the journal box. Thumb screws operate the clamping disc. To lock the vice
in position a partial turn is given to the thumb screws which by drawing the disc
upwards in the taper cause it to clamp very firmly. When locked the swivel
becomes, in effect, a solid base.
My improvement in swiveling vices swung on a pivot, consists in the addition
of an intermediate collar, having a spline or feather, sliding in a slot in the pivot
or screw. A nut placed under the collar may be turned up or down, but the collar
cannot be turned on the screw, but is free to slide up or down. Hence when the
vice is firmly screwed to the bench by the pressure exerted by the nut clamping
the base, and a washer against the bench, if sufficient force be applied to the vice,
from above, the collar will necessarily be caused to turn with the screw which
will neither increase nor decrease the pressure exerted by the nut. If desirable
to secure the vice permanently, the thumb screws are simply screwed down into
the bench, and for this purpose are preferably made "cupped."
My improved supplementary support or brace is constructed as follows: To the
bottom of the front jaw a rod is pivotted, and attached to the front edge, and
under side of the bench is a bracket in which is pivotted a bearing for this rod.
The front jaw of the vice is thus free to be slidden backwards or forwards at will,
the rod being raised or lowered with a vibratory motion as permitted by its
pivotted bearing, and connection to the bracket. In front of, and in a piece with
the pivotted bearing is a swelling in which is a thumb screw (preferably inserted
at an angle) the point of which projects into a wedge-shaped slot formed in the
rod. The point of the thumb screw is made flat or cupped" leaving a sharp
circular cutting edge. When desirable to swivel the vice with this attachment a
pin is removed from the bracket, thus allowing the brace to drop in its bearing
until held by the point of the screw at the end of the slot. This attachment simply
requires to be made with ball and socket joints at the points pivotted, in order to
adapt it to be swiveled with the vice, and used in any position. The bracket may
also be made as a part of the base of the back jaw, extending down over the edge
of the bench and secured thereto in any convenient manner.
"
In a modification of the foregoing, the pivotted bearing, and rod, or brace, are
provided on their faces with ratchet teeth. In this case the act of unlocking the
work, by moving the brace outwards, will also automatically relieve the brace,
allowing it to swing freely.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Phineas Lawrence in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
28th November 1882.
PHINEAS LAWRENCE of Farringdon Street in the City of London, Merchant
IMPROVEMENTS IN QUICK ADJUSTING PARALLEL SCREW OR BENCH VICES
My improvements in quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vices, relate
First. To the production of a vice of this class which will be stronger, lighter,
more rigid and compact in structure, and which can more quickly and readily be
made to accommodate itself to the varying sizes of the pieces of work to be
clamped, and, which will be more powerful in its action than those heretofore
produced.
'
Secondly. To an improved journal swivel device by means of which the vice
may be quickly set (from above the bench) to any required angle in one plane;
and furthermore to so locking the journal at its extreme outer edges that the
entire contrivance or apparatus shall be as rigid as if made with a solid base bolted
to a bench, in the ordinary manner.
Thirdly. To an improved pivotal swivelling base by means of which the vice
may be quickly set (from above the bench) without relieving the strain of the
clamping nut beneath the bench.
Fourthly. To the addition of a supplementary support or brace, attached to the
front jaw, and arranged to be supported at the edges of the bench for the purpose
(when locked) of relieving the slide rods of excessive strain when clamping very
large and heavy pieces of work, in chipping, and the like.
I proceed with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully describe my
Invention.
Fig. 1 is an upright side elevation of my improved vice; Figs 1a and 1b, modifi-
cations of the pawl and ratchet rod; Fig 2 a front elevation of the back jaw,
detached, shewing a portion in cross section. Fig. 3 a plan view of the base of the
back jaw; Fig. 3%, a front view partly in section of the pivotal swivel device;
Figs. 3b and 3° detached portions of fig. 3; Fig. 4 a front view of the supple-
mentary brace, and fig. 5 a modification of the same in side elevation.
As is usual in screw vices of this class the jaw 1 is secured to the bench, or
other solid support, and the jaw 2 is caused to move bodily to and from the jaw 1,
the two always remaining substantially parallel.
In screw vices of this class, as heretofore constructed, the screw, which is of
considerable size passes loosely through the moveable jaw and works in a nut
formed in, or just in rear of the fixed jaw, and the jaws are moved to and from
each other only by the action of the screw. This means of opening and closing
the jaws is necessarily slow, and when, as is frequently required, the spread
of the jaws has to be changed considerably, it occasions delay and useless
expenditure of labour. To avoid this slow process and to provide for the rapid
adjustment of the jaws to pieces of work of varying sizes the screw 3 is made
shorter than usual and works in a nut 4 tapped to a suitable depth in the end of
the sliding rod 5, that connects the two jaws. The rod 5 which in the present
instance is shown as round, but which may be polygonal, slides freely backwards
and forwards in a bearing 6, formed in the jaw 1, the end which is formed to
constitute the nut 4 entering a corresponding bearing 7, formed in the jaw 2. One
side of the sliding bar 5 is preferably flattened, as clearly shewn, and is provided
with a series of ratchet teeth 8, which engage with a pawl 9, that is fitted in a

page_text: recess 11, formed in the jaw 1, just below the bearing of the rod 5, said pawl
projecting from a shaft 10, that extends through the jaw-body where it carries
crank arms 13, 13 on each side of the jaw. The pawl is held in engagement with
the ratchet by a spring 12, but can be readily withdrawn from such engagement,
when desirable, by a proper movement of either of the said crank arms 13, 13, as
seen in fig. 2. .
From the foregoing it will be readly apparent that, by a proper movement of
the pawl 9, the jaws may be quickly adjusted with respect to each other, by a
sliding movement, and when so adjusted the slow and powerful movement necessary
to secure the work firmly may be accomplished by the usual rotary movement of
the screw. Thus, when the jaws require to be adjusted to receive a piece of work
of large dimensions, it is only necessary to operate one of the crank arms 13, so as
to disengage the pawl 9 from the ratchet 8, when the jaw 2, is free to be moved
to any desired distance from the jaw 1, the pin 14 serving to prevent the bar 5
from being entirely withdrawn from its bearings. The jaws being set at the
required relative distance apart, the crank arms 13 are released to permit the pawl
to engage with the ratchet and suspend any further outward movement of the
bar 5. If the screw 3 be now properly rotated it will be drawn into the nut 4 in
the end of the rod 5, thus slowly shortening the said rod; and as its fixed
collar 15 impinges against the bearing 16 of the jaw 2, and the pawl 9 at the
same time locks the jaw 1 to the rod 5, the shortening of said rod will conse-
quently cause the jaws to be slowly and powerfully drawn together to clamp the
work very firmly between them. Since in this vice, as ordinarily operated, the
screw 3 is required only to move the jaws a very short distance it can be made of
fine pitch, thus making the vice very powerful in its nipping action. The reverse
movement of the screw to release the nip upon the work will be sufficient to
provide for the subsequent nipping action, while it frees the parts to admit of the
quick adjustment. Sufficient amplitude of action is given the screw in all cases so
that with the jaws set approximately to a certain average of work it may then be
operated, as in the case of an ordinary screw vice, by means of the screw alone.
This feature adapts the vice for clamping a yielding substance, as a coiled spring,
for instance, which would not be the case were this action limited.
When the rod 5 is of round form it is prevented from turning with the screw
by means of the spline or feather 17, which extends into a groove or slot 18 in the
jaw 2 and a similar groove or slot 19 in the rod. The spline is also made to
serve another purpose. Were there nothing to prevent the entire withdrawal of
the nut from the screw, it is obvious that the screw might be subjected to strain
when having but a few threads of bearing, and hence would be likely to become
injured. As the spline 17 is locked against the withdrawal from the front jaw by
the screw 21 and the slot 19 in the rod does not extend through to the end of the
rod but terminates in a solid wall at 20 it will be seen that the action of the front
jaw by means of the screw 3 is restricted to the distance between this stop piece
and the shoulder or fixed collar 15 on the screw, which in practice is about
1 inches.
In order that the relative position of the screw within the nut may be readily
ascertained without having to rotate the operating lever I stamp or mark the
ratchet rod, at 22, in such a manner and position, relatively to the location of the
screw in the nut that when said marks are in "line of sight" with the face of the
front jaw as, say at 23, the operator will know at a glance if the adjustment be
correct, and if not right, that is, too far in, or too far out he can make the proper
adjustment by a few turns of the screw.
The screw 3 is prevented from being withdrawn from the jaw 2 either when its
action is reversed, or when the jaws are being separated by the cap 24 placed
outside of the collar 15 and secured by screws to the jaw 2. The cap 24 is placed
upon the hub of the screw 3 before securing the hand lever in position, and hence
is removeable from the hub of the screw only by detaching said hand lever.

page_text: The jaws 1, 2, as will be readily seen can be brought together to adapt the vice
to nip a piece of work of small size by simply pushing jaw 2 inwards, the ratchet
teeth, in such case sliding freely past the end of the pawl. By this construction
the screw and strain bearing surfaces are encased and are thus protected from dust
and filings. The jaws 1, 2 are sustained in their parallel relation to each other
both vertically and horizontally by the guide rod 25 which is rigidly set in the
jaw 2 but which slides freely in the bearing 26 in jaw 1.
The rod 25 is located at a distance from rod 5, from centre to centre, considerably
greater than, or at least equal to the distance of the clamping faces of the jaws
from said rod 5, and being made of hard rolled wrought iron or steel, and having
a bearing of considerable extent in the jaw 1, is sufficiently rigid, to successfully
resist the strain to which it is subjected and substantially preserve the parallel
relation of the jaws (It should be borne in mind that the clamping faces or
the centre of the part being clamped constitutes a fulchrum acted upon by the
power at rod 5 and restrained from vertical deflection by the rod 25)
In figs 1 and 1b is shewn a friction clutch which may be substituted for the
pawl 9 and ratchet 8. The clutch 27 is fixed upon a shaft 10, the same as the
pawl 9, and is thrown out of engagement with the rod 5 in the same manner. The
clutch is however set so that it bears against the solid wall of the recess 11, instead
of entirely upon the shaft 10, as does the pawl. When the rod 5 is slidden in the
direction for closing the jaws, the clutch is not called into action; but upon any
attempt to move the rod in the opposite direction it is locked by the action of the
clutch.
Fig. 1b shews the end of the clutch 27 as mado slightly concave, so as to come
into contact with more of the surface of the rod 5.
If found desirable, the end of the clutch and the lower side of the rod may be
serrated or milled so as to insure a positive bite between them.
In unlocking the ratchet rod for quick adjustment of the front jaw by means of
the crank arms or hand lever 13, it frequently occurs that the operator stands in
different positions; hence when on the side opposite from the lever (where but one
lever is furnished) it is necessary either to change hands and position or each over
the vice in order to grasp the lever. I obviate this objection by the use of two
handles 13, 13 one on each side of the back jaw as shewn in fig. 2. Thus the
detachment of the ratchet rod can be effected with equal facility from any position
which the operator may occupy.
The ordinary method of swivelling bench vices is by means of a rod or pivot
secured to the centre of the bottom of the back jaw passing through and clamped
from the under side of the bench, or centrally pivoted to a supplementary base
secured to the bench, and on which centre the vice is rotated and locked. The
resisting leverage against deflective strain in such instances is the radius of the
base; therefore it is clear that a degree of rigidity approximating to that of a
solid immovable vice, in which the resisting leverage is the diameter of the base,
cannot be readily obtained; if at all, Figs. 1, 2 and 3 shew my improved journal
swivel device. To the bench 28 is firmly secured by ordinary "lag" screws 29, a
circular ring, or as it will be termed journal box 30; the upper face 31 and
under side 32 of which are finished and form an upright bearing to the corre-
spondingly finished shoulder 33 and journal 34 formed upon the bottom of the
base 35, of the back jaw. The vice is now free to be rotated in either or both
directions but will be restrained against any other movement, except a direct lift
upwards, by the journal bearing in the box. The journal box is also finished
below the internal bearing or shoulder 33, but is tapered outwardly at 36 in
respect to said bearing. To this tapered portion is fitted the clamping disc or
ring 37 which is preferably partially secured to the bottom of the base by
screws 38, set to nearly cause the two tapering surfaces to clamp but yet leaving
the vice free to be rotated, though now secured in the journal box. Passing
through the base 35 and with their shoulders seated thereon are two thumb

page_text: screws 39, the threads of which, in this instance, operate only in the clamping
disc 37. Now if desirable to lock the vice in position it is simply necessary to
give a partial turn to the thumb screws which by drawing the disc upwards in
the taper cause it to clamp very firmly. As will be seen, this arrangement not
only clamps the vice against the rotative movement but against any displacement
strain that may be applied as well, the resistance in all cases being borne between
the extreme edges of the disc. Thus, when locked the swivel becomes in effect a
solid base. In using two or more thumb screws the frictional contact of the
clamping disc is thereby more perfectly effected, though any one may be used
independently of the other.
My improvement in swivelling vices swung on a pivot is shewn in fig. 3ª and
consists in the addition of an intermediate collar 40, having a spline or feather 41
sliding in a slot 42 in the pivot or screw 43 as shewn in fig. 3b which is a
section on the line hh of fig. 3, and locking or binding screw 44. It will be
seen that while the nut 45 may be turned up or down the collar 46 cannot be
turned on the screw, but is free to slide up or down. Hence when the vice is firmly
secured to the bench by the pressure exerted by the nut clamping the base 35 and
washer 46 against the bench 28, if sufficient force be applied to the vice from
above, the collar 40 will necessarily be caused to turn with the screw which will
neither increase nor decrease, as the case may be, the pressure exerted by the nut.
As is well known, if the nut were simply to act against the washer 46, any tendency
to turn the vice would result in either very greatly increasing the clamp or in
altogether loosening the vice upon the bench. If desirable to secure the vice
permanently, the thumb screws 44 are simply screwed down into the bench, and,
for this purpose, are preferably made "cupped," as seen in fig. 3c, for obvious
reasons. This construction forms a cheap but effective swivel, more particularly
intended where the swivelling action is not of frequent recurrence, but still
convenient when required.
In clamping a piece of work, requiring a wide extension of the jaws, particularly
if the piece be heavy or subjected to strong blows, as in chipping, the strain upon
the slide rods and base of the vice is obviously very greatly increased over and
above the normal strain of ordinary duty. In figs. 1, 4 and 5 is shewn my
improved snpplementary support or brace for use in extreme cases similar to those
just cited. To the bottom of the front jaw, fig. 1, a rod 48 is pivotted at 47 and
attached to the front edge and underside of the bench 28 is a bracket 49 in which
is pivotted at 50 a bearing 51 for said rod. As thus far described it will be seen
that the front jaw of the vice is free to be slidden backwards or forwards at will,
the rod being raised or lowered with a vibratory motion as permitted by its
pivoted bearing 51, and connection at 49. In front of and in a piece with the
pivoted bearing or box 51, is a hub 52, in which is a thumb screw 53 (preferably
inserted at an angle as shewn in the figure) the point of which projects into the
wedge-shaped slot 54 formed in the rod 48, figs. 1 and 4. The point of the screw 53
is made flat or "cupped" leaving a sharp circular cutting edge. To use the rod as
a base for the vice, the piece of work is first inserted and partially clamped between
the faces of the jaws, then the thumb screw .53 is turned until its point is set
snugly down upon the bottom of the slot as shewn by dotted outline, when
whatever additional pressure may be required is added to fully clamp the work in
the vice, which it will be observed also tends to force the rod or brace downwards
against the point of the thumb screw, but which in consequence of the tapering or
wedge-shaped bottom of the slot, and sharp inclined edge of the screw, will only
tend to grip the rod more tightly. Thus, it is evident that the front jaw is made
nearly, if not quite, as rigid as the back jaw besides relieving the slide rods and
base of excessive strain. When desirable to swivel the vice with the attachment,
the pin 50 is removed from the bracket thus allowing the brace to drop in its
bearing until held by the point of the screw at the end of the slot. This attachment
simply requires to be made with ball and socket joints at the points shewn as being

page_text: pivoted in order to adapt it also to be swivelled with the vice and used in any
position. The bracket 49 may also be made as part of the base of the back jaw
extending down over the the edge of the bench and screwed thereto after the
manner shewn.
Fig. 5 shews a modification of the foregoing in which the pivoted bearing and
rod or brace are provided on their faces with ratchet teeth, the operation of which
will be evident on referring to the figure. In this device the act of unlocking the
work by carrying the brace to the assumed position of the dotted lines, will also
automatically relieve the brace allowing it to swing freely.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same may be performed, I declare that I claim.
First. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the
improved quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vice, substantially as herein
described and as shewn in the drawings.
Second. The combination of the jaws (as 1-2), the guide rod (as 25) rigidly
attached to one of such jaws and sliding in the other, the sliding rod (as 5) having
bearings in both jaws and provided with a nut (as 4), ratchet (as 8), pawl (as 9),
and screw (as 3), and means for operating said pawl and screw, substantially as
described.
Third. The combination of the jaws (as 1. 2) the guide rod rigidly secured to one
of such jaws and sliding in the other, a sliding rod (as 5), (having bearings in both
jaws) mechanism for locking said rod in different positions in one of the jaws, a
screw (as 3) and nut (as 4) and means for operating said screw and nut substantially
as described.
Fourth. The combination of the jaws (as 1, 2), the guide rod rigidly secured to
one jaw and sliding in the other, a sliding rod (as 5) having bearings in both jaws
and provided with a feather (as 17) for holding it in position, mechanism for locking
said rod in different positions in one of the jaws a screw (as 3) and nut (as 4) and
means for operating said screw and nut, substantially as described.
Fifth. In quick adjusting parallel bench or screw vices, the means hereinbefore
described for preventing the entire withdrawal of the nut from its bearing on the
clamping screw, for the purpose set forth.
Sixth. In quick adjusting parallel bench or screw vices, the combination of the
ratchet rod (as 5, fig. 1) having a slot or groove (as 19) and solid end (as 20) with
the spline (as 17) and stop screw (as 21) for the purpose herein before described.
Seventh. The combination of the jaws (as 1, 2) the guide rod rigidly secured to
one jaw and sliding in the other, the sliding rod (as 5) having bearings in both
jaws, and provided with the nut (as 4) screw (as 3) having a shoulder (as 15) and
a cap (as 24), substantially as described.
Eighth. In quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vices the combination of the
two disengaging hand levers (as 13, 13, fig. 2) arranged as herein described, and
for the purpose specified.
Ninth. In quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vices, the combination of the
journal box (as 30) journal bearing (as 33, 34) clamping disc or ring (as 37) and
clamping thumb screws (as 39, figs. 1. 2 and 3) as described and for the purpose
set forth.
Tenth. In combination with a quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vice, the
journal box (as 30) having an internal tapering bearing (as 36) and the clamping
disc (as 37, fig. 2) substantially as herein described.
Eleventh. In a quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vice the combination of
the screw (as 43) having a slot or groove (as 42) with the collar (as 40) and
feather (as 41) and the nut (as 45) as described for the purpose set forth.
Twelfth. The combination with a quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vice,
of a supplementary rod or brace, attached to the front and adjustable jaw, and
arranged to be supported from the edge of the bench, for the purpose berein
described.

page_text: Thirteenth. The combination with a quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vice,
and bench (as 28, fig. 1) of the supplementary rod (as 48) the box or bearing (as 51)
the screw (as 53) and the bracket (as 49) for the purpose herein specified.
Fourteenth. The combination with a quick adjusting parallel screw or bench vice
and bench (as 28, fig. 1) of the supplementary rod (as 48) having a tapering or
wedge shaped slot (as 54) for the purpose herein described.
In witness whereof I the said Phineas Lawrence have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Twentysecond day of November in the year 1882.