AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR WATER AND OTHER PIPES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Robbins, of 78, Frithville Gardens, Uxbridge
Road, in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED JOINT
FOR WATER AND OTHER PIPES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Robbins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June 1880.
JAMES ROBBINS, of 78, Frithville Gardens, Uxbridge Road, in the County of
Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR WATER AND OTHER PIPES."
My Invention consists in an improved method of making the joint between
two lengths of pipe, which may be made of earthenware, iron, or any other suitable
material, either round, square, or of any other suitable section, and be employed
for conducting water, sewage, gas, or other liquids or fluids.
One end of the pipe provided with a socket, at the extreme inner end of
which the body of the pipe is made with a shoulder, which is preferably bevilled.
One or more shoulders are made of any suitable shape, and at any suitable position
inside the socket.
Near the spigot end of the pipe one or more shoulders are formed in the body,
and the extreme end is made either bevilled or of any suitable shape, to correspond
with the shoulder at the extreme end of the socket of the the next length of pipe;
or instead of forming one or more shoulders at this end a collar or collars may be
formed round the body of the pipe. In the case where more than one shoulder
or collar is used, the outer one will be of greater diameter than the inner ones.
In order to make the joint a band or bands of plastic cement, or other suitable
material for filling in, is or are placed round either end of the pipe close to the
shoulder or shoulders, or collar or collars, and the spigot end is then inserted into
the socket of the adjoining length of pipe until the spigot abuts against the inner
shoulder of the socket. The material for forming the joint will thus be compressed
and a thoroughly sound joint made.
Holes may be pierced through the socket and round the circumference, so that
the filling in material may have a better hold; or the inner face of the socket and
the outer face of the spigot may be roughed or formed with grooves or projections.
In cases where a liquid substance is used for forming the joint the same may
be run in.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Robbins in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3rd
December 1880.
JAMES ROBBINS, of 78, Frithville Gardens, Uxbridge Road, in the County of
Middlesex. "AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR WATER AND OTHER PIPES."
My Invention consists in an improved method of making the joint between two
lengths of pipe, which may be made of earthenware, iron, or any other suitable
material, either round, square, or of any other suitable section, and to be employed
for conducting water, sewage, gas, or other liquids or fluids.
One end of the pipe is provided with a socket, at the extreme inner end of
which the body of the pipe is made with a shoulder, which is preferably bevilled.
One or more shoulders are made of any suitable shape, and at any suitable position
inside the socket.
Near the spigot end of the pipe one or more shoulders are formed in the body,
and the extreme end is made either bevilled or of any suitable shape, to correspond
with the shoulder at the extreme end of the socket of the next length of pipe; or
instead of forming one or more shoulders at this end a collar or collars may be
formed round the body of the pipe. In the case where more than one shoulder or
collar is used, the outer one will be of greater diameter than the inner ones.
In order to make the joint a band or bands of plastic cement, or other suitable
material for filling in, is or are placed round either end of the pipe close to the
shoulder or shoulders, or collar or collars, and the spigot end is then inserted into
the socket of the adjoining length of pipe until the spigot abuts against the inner
shoulder of the socket. The material for forming the joint will thus be compressed
and a thoroughly sound joint made. In some cases the spigot end of the pipe
may be made quite plain, as in ordinary pipes. In this case the spigot end of one
length will be inserted into the socket of the adjoining pipe, and will abut closely
against the shoulder at the extreme inner end of the socket, as in common joints,
and will fit in that part of the socket. The part of the socket from the shoulder
formed inside to the mouth is then filled up with a suitable material, thus forming
a perfectly solid joint, and at the same time preventing any of the said material
from entering into the body of the pipe. It will be easily understood that by this
arrangement a sound joint is made with certainty, and in much less time than is
required for an ordinary joint.
Holes may be pierced through the socket and round the circumference, so that
the filling in material may have a better hold; or the inner face of the socket and
the outer face of the spigot may be roughed or formed with grooves or projections.
In cases where a liquid substance is used for forming the joint the same may be
run in.
But in order that my Invention may be more clearly understood, I will proceed
to describe the same by the aid of the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a pipe having one shoulder formed inside the
socket, and a collar formed near the end of the spigot of the next length of pipe ;
A, A, is the body of the pipe; B is the socket; and C the spigot end, with the
collar D formed round it; E is the shoulder formed at the extreme inner end of
the socket, and against which the end of the spigot of the next length of pipo abuts ;
F is a shoulder formed inside the socket.
Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a pipe similar to that above described, but
with the shoulder F inside the socket, and the collar D round the spigot end, formed
at an angle with the body of the pipe instead of square.
Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sections of two joints with different shaped
sockets, the spigot end of the pipe in both cases being quite plain.

page_text: Fig. 5 shows a joint in which the socket has two shoulders F, F¹, formed inside
it, and the spigot end has one shoulder G, and a collar D round it which abuts
against the outer end of the socket of the next length of pipe; or the collar D may
be made to enter the socket when required; H is a hole for pouring in the filling
in material.
Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 7 an end view of a joint, in which the
interior of the socket is provided with one shoulder F, and the spigot with a
collar D. Round the shoulder F at suitable distances apart are projections I.
Upon inserting the spigot of one length of pipe into the socket of the next length,
it will come in contact with these projections, and be guided thereby into the socket
until it abuts against the shoulder E, which is shown square as well as the end of
the spigot. The object of these projections I is to prevent the end of the spigot
driving the filling in material, which is placed inside the socket, into the pipe.
Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 9 an end view of a joint in which
holes J are formed in the two sides of the socket, and through which keys K are
passed, which bear against the outer sides of the collar D, and thereby force the
spigot end forward and firmly fix it in position, L being an india-rubber or other
packing. In place of the keys clips may be employed. The same arrangement is
shown in Fig. 10 for the purpose of fastening a cap over the end of a junction.
This arrangement for securing two lengths of pipe together, or the cap in position
over the end of a junction, allows of either being readily taken apart.
Fig. 11 shows a longitudinal section of a joint in which the shoulder F and the
collar D have both dovetails or grooves M formed in them, so that the filling in
material when run in through the hole or holes H will form a tight and solid
joint; instead of the filling in material dowels may be inserted in the holes H
and may be removed as required.
In all cases where the collars D are arranged around the spigot ends the joints
may be made under water with my own cement.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of carrying
the same into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I claim as new is the
inproved form of joint for water and other pipes, substantially as herein described
and shown in the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Robbins, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Third day of December, in the yoar of our Lord 1880.
TAMES DODDING
1-1