AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WINDING COALS OR OTHER MINERALS PROM MINES, WHICH SAID APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND FOR MACHINERY REQUIRED FOR FORMING OR CONSTRUCTING SUCH IMPROVED APPARATUS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Burrows, of the Haigh Foundry, near Wigan,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR WINDING COALS OR OTHER MINERALS PROM MINES, WHICH
SAID APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND
FOR MACHINERY REQUIRED FOR FORMING OR CONSTRUCTING SUCH IMPROVED
APPARATUS."
Sealed the 9th May 1856, and dated the 14th November 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Burrows at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
November 1855.
I, JAMES BURROWS, of the Haigh Foundry, near Wigan, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WINDING COALS OR OTHER MINERALS PROM MINES,
WHICH SAID APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND FOR
MACHINERY REQUIRED FOR FORMING OR CONSTRUCTING SUCH IMPROVED APPARATUS,"
to be as follows:-
This improvement consists in the employment of a compensating winding
drum (or drums), which drum is conically formed, and has upon its surface a
helical groove or recess turned or otherwise indented, which helical drum will
compensate for the extreme weight of the chain, rope, or band employed, or

page_text: otherwise operate as a counterbalance to the weight of the band, rope, or
chain, thus equalizing the power employed for raising such length of rope or
band and load, and it will be evident to persons conversant with winding
apparatus that this helical drum may either be employed singly or in pairs, as
circumstances may require. The angle of cone and pitch of screw or helical
groove may be varied according to circumstances, and the length of its coil
should be suitably adjusted to the length of rope to be wound on. This com-
pensating winding drum may be constructed either of wood or metal, or both
combined. In constructing it of wood, segments-of-the helical-curve may be
bolted or otherwise secured together, and the helical groove or channel turned
upon them; or wooden "lags" may be employed, having the helical groove
formed of wrought iron and secured upon such "lags;" or the compensating
drum having the helical groove upon it may be cast in one or more parts. The
machinery employed in the manufacture of the before-mentioned conically
formed compensating winding drum, when it is preferred to be made of cast
metal, is as follows: A moulding box is required, in which the loam is placed,
which ultimately forms the exterior surface of the compensating winding drum;
in the centre of the moulding box a fixed vertical shaft is employed, on which
collars are secured, which carry a shifting framing, adjustable to any angle
which may be desired; on this framing a screw is mounted, which regulates the
action of a traversing "loam board," for the purpose of forming the helical
groove in the loam; this screw is actuated by the bevil wheel: at its lower
extremity, revolving round another bevil wheel on the vertical shaft.
It will now be understood that by causing the revolution of the angular
framing round the central vertical shaft, the framing being properly adjusted
will form an even or smooth bed upon the surface of the loam. By the time this
is accomplished the bevil wheels have brought the screw into action, and the
traversing frame, with its appropriated screwing tool or "loam board," will, in
proportion to the pitch of the screw, and in conjunction with the revolution of
the frame, become gradually elevated, and -indent upon the loam the helical
groove of the exterior surface of the compensating winding drum. The internal
surface of the drum may be formed by moulding on a convex surface, in a
similar way to the above, and the mould brought together and bolted at the
flanges; a covering plate being secured in like manner at the bottom renders
the mould at once fit for use, the central shaft and frame having been
previously removed. To alter the pitch of the helical groove on the winding
drum, the screw shaft must be changed, and one of a corresponding pitch to
the groove required must be substituted.
:

page_text: the
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Burrows in the Great Seal Patent Office on
14th May 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BURROWS, of the Haigh Foundry, near Wigan, in the.. County of Lancaster,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS. Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the, nineteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Burrows, Her especial licence that. I, the said James
Burrows, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Burrows, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-.
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WINDING COALS OR OTHER MINERALS FROM MINES,
WHICH SAID APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES, AND FOR
MACHINERY REQUIRED FOR FORMING OR CONSTRUCTING SUCH IMPROVED APPARATUS,'
upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said James Burrows, by an
instrument in writing under my hand seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Burrows, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in the employment of a compensating winding drum
or drums, which drum is conically formed, and has upon its surface a helical
or spiral groove or recess or channel turned or otherwis indented for the
passage of the winding rope or band, which helical drum will compensate for
the extreme weight of the chain, rope, or band employed, or otherwise operate
as a counterbalance to the weight of the band, rope, or chain, thus equalising
the power employed for raising such length of rope or band and load throughout
the process of winding; and it will be evident to persons conversant with

page_text: winding apparatus that this helical drum may either be employed singly or in
pairs, as circumstances may require. The angle of conc and pitch of screw
or helical groove may be varied according to circumstances, and the length of
its coil should be suitably adjusted to the length of rope, &c. to be wound on.
This compensating winding drum may be constructed either of wood or metal,
or both combined; in constructing it of wood, segments of the helical curve
may be bolted or otherwise secured together, and the helical groove or channel
turned upon them; or wooden "lags" may be employed, having the helical
groove formed of wrought iron and secured upon such "lags," or the com-
pensating drum having the helical groove upon it may be cast in one or more
parts.
The machinery employed in the manufacture of the before-mentioned
conically formed compensating winding drum, when it is preferred to be made
of cast metal, is as follows:-A moulding box is required, in which the loam
is placed, which ultimately forms the exterior surface of the compensating
winding drum; in the centre of the moulding box a fixed vertical shaft is
employed, on which collars are secured, which support a shifting framing,
adjustable to any angle which may be desired; on this framing a screw is
mounted, which regulates the action of a traversing "profile" or loam board,
for the purpose of forming the helical groove in the loam; this screw is
actuated by the bevil wheel at its lower extremity revolving round another
bevil wheel on the vertical shaft.
It will now be understood that by causing the revolution of the angular
framing round the central vertical shaft, the framing being properly adjusted,
will form an even or smooth bed upon the surface of the loam. By the time
this is accomplished the bevil wheels will have brought the screw into action,
and the traversing frame, with its appropriate screwing tool or "profile" or
"loam board," will, in proportion to the pitch of the screw, and in conjunction
with the revolution of the frame, become gradually elevated, and indent upon
the loam the helical groove of the intended exterior surface of the compensating
winding drum. The internal surface of the drum may be formed by moulding
on a convex surface, in a similar way to the above, and the mould brought
together and bolted at the flanges; a covering plate being secured in like
manner at the bottom renders the mould at once fit for use, the central shaft
and frame having been previously removed. To alter the pitch of the helical
groove on the winding drum, the screw shaft must be changed, and one of a
corresponding pitch to the groove required must be substituted.
In order that this Invention may be the better understood and explained in
detail, I have attached to these Presents two Sheets of Drawings; Sheet 1

page_text: referring particularly to the first part of my improvements, namely, the appa-
ratus for winding coals or other minerals from mines, and consisting in the
compensating winding drum, and is made upon a scale of about an inch and a
half to the foot. Sheet 2 illustrates more clearly the second part of my
improvements, embodied in the machinery required for forming or constructing
the said compensating winding drum, and also shewing several Figures
illustrative of the different manner in which the cone may be formed; similar
letters of reference are placed upon corresponding parts of the machinery.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1 represents one of the compensating drums in section'
and the other in elevation; Fig. 2 exhibits a side view of the drum.
In Sheet 2, Fig. 1 is a side view of the machine used for forming or
constructing the compensating winding drum; and Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are
detailed sectional views, shewing the different methods of constructing the said
compensating winding drum.
In Sheet 1, Fig. 1, a, a, is the driving or crank shaft, which drives the
conical drum; b, b, is the drum, shewn in section, the better to illustrate the
interior construction of the same; c, c, is the helically or spirally grooved
periphery or surface for the passage of the winding rope, chain, &c. as the
drum rotates; d, d, is the drum, shewn in elevation. Fig. 2 shews more clearly
the begining and end of the helical groove turned or formed upon the said
drum, the ends or extremities of such groove being respectively lettered from
e, e, to f, f. It will be observed, that during the process of winding, the left-
hand side of the drum "pays on" the rope and the right-hand side "pays off"
the rope, whilst the drum revolves in the direction of the arrow.
In Sheet 2, Fig. 1, a, a, is the vertical shaft, which is fixed in the centre of
the moulding box b, b; upon the shaft a, a, is secured a bevil wheel c, gearing
with another bevil wheel d, which is keyed on to the lower end of the screwed
shaft e, c; the upper end of this shaft is fixed to the guide frame f, which is
capable of adjustment to any angle required by means of the regulating "tie
rod", which is provided with a screw and nuts for raising or lowering the
loam board. The lower end of the screwed shaft e, e, is provided with an
universal joint / also, for the purpose of facilitating the adjustment of the loam
board; a ("profile") or shaping board i is so attached to the screwed shaft e, c,
that upon the rotation of the shaft the "profile".i will be propelled by the
screw upon such shaft.
The operation of this machine for forming the helical groove will be more
readily understood by referring to the Drawing in Sheet 2, and to the following
description thereof:-The moulding box b, b, having been spread with loam to-
the required thickness, a plain conical surface is formed thereon, by causing the

page_text: apparatus to revolve round the vertical shaft a, a, a plain board having been
temporally attached to the guide frame f to "strike up" or form the cone; or
the guide frame may serve the same purpose, as ordinarily practised in loom
moulding. The bevil wheel c on the vertical shaft is now allowed to gear with
the bevil wheel d attached to the screwed shaft, which causes the guide frame f
and temporary loam board to revolve round the vertical shaft a, a, and thus
form the plain surface of the cone. The plain board is now removed from
the guide frame, and the loam board or "profile" i of the necessary shape
for forming the helical groove is substituted. The apparatus is then again
caused to revolve round the vertical shaft; by this means the bevil wheel d on
the screwed shaft e, e, is caused to revolve round its own axis, thus turning the
screwed shaft, and causing the "profile" or loam board to travel up or down
the surface of the cone, according to the direction in which the apparatus
revolves. It will be evident that when the "profile" or board i is in contact
with the loam, and such board is caused to traverse in the manner before
described, a spiral or helical line or figure will be traced upon the surface of
the loam, and as the apparatus continues to revolve, the "profile" will cut or
form the indentation or groove until the required depth is obtained, the
different size or shape of which will depend upon the size and shape of the
board or "profile" employed, and the pitch of the helix or spiral convolution
will vary with the pitch of the screwed shaft and the relative proportions of
the two bevil wheels. After the mould has thus been formed, it undergoes the
necessary operations of stoving, finishing, and putting together of the mould,
and such others, as are usually practised and generally understood in loam
moulding.
I would here remark, that these cones may either be cast entire, as in
Fig. 2, or may be divided into segments, and formed of wood, as shewn in
Fig. 3; or they may be constructed solidly of wood, with cast or wrought iron
grooves, as shewn at Fig. 4.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, together with the
manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim, as my improved apparatus for winding coals or other
minerals from mines, which said apparatus is also applicable for other similar
purposes, and for machinery. required for forming or constructing such improved
apparatus,
First, the novel application, employment, or use of a conically shaped
compensating winding drum or drums, having indented on the surface thereof
a groove or channel for the passage of the winding rope or band, in the form
of a helix or spiral convolution, by the use of which I am enabled to equalize

page_text: the weight upon the engine or other prime mover throughout the process of
winding.
And, secondly, I claim the mechanical apparatus for forming such spiral
convolution upon a conical surface, as herein-before described, and fully
exhibited in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Burrows, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
JAMES BURROWS. (L.S.)