Year: 1886

page_text: I, FREDERICK A. LEHMANN, of Washington District of Columbia, U.S.A. and of
67 Strand, London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communication
to me from Reuben S. Chaffee of Springfield, Ill., and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to improvements in breech loading fire arms, and is
intended especially to be used as a magazine shot gun, but is also adapted for.
rifles and revolvers; and it consists in
1. The combination of the magazine, which is placed under the barrel, loading,
bars which are placed therein, a hand hold, which is connected to one of the
loading bars for the purpose of operating it, a plate connected to the hand hold,
and the breech bolt, which is moved back and forth with the plate.
2. The combination of the hand hold, the loading bars, the magazine, and the
breech bolt, which is connected to the plate, one of the parts of the firing bolt
being grooved, and the other part provided with a stud, or projection to catch
in the groove for the purpose of turning the bolt when pushed forward in
position.
3. A covering plate, which extends over the breech bolt and the top of the
receiver, for the purpose of protecting the bolt from the weather dust, and dirt,
all of which will be more fully described hereinafter.
The object of my invention is to provide a covering plate which will both cover
and operate the breech bolt; and to move the cartridge from the magazine into
the receiver by means of a hand hold, which moves upon the under side of the rear
end of the barrel, and thus enables the gun to be fired repeatedly without lowering
it from the shoulder.
Referring to the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a gun embodying my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same the breech bolt being moved back.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the fire arm.
Figs. 4. 6. 7 and 8 are detail views of the same.
Figs. 5 and 9 show a modification of my invention

page_text: A represents a fire arm, which will either be a revolver, shot gun, or rifle, and
which has the magazine B formed under the barrel. This magazine will be of
a length proportioned to the number of times the fire arm is to be fired without
reloading.
In this magazine are placed two loading bars D. E both of which are notched 5
along their top edges for the purpose of holding the cartridges in position, and
thus prevent them for striking one upon the other.
The bar E is stationary while the one -D is movable back and forth, being.
connected by means of the slotted rod F with the hand hold G. This connecting
rod has a notch formed in its rear-end to engage with a projection a, upon the 1
underside of the rear end of the movable bar D, and has a slot I formed through
its front end where it is connected to the hand hold G.
The slot I is of a length proportioned to the movement of the handbold in
moving the breech bolt for the purpose of turning it down, when the bolt is moved
forward to close the receiver, or when the bolt is being turned upward for the
purpose of being forced backward. A set screw K passes through the hand hold
into the slot I and this screw K allows the hand hold to move back and forth the
whole length of the slot without operating the loading bars, both of which are held
pressed upward in the magazine B, by means of the spring b which is applied to
their under sides. These springs keep the bars in contact with the cartridges and
thus prevent the cartridges from loosely moving about in the magazine with the
movements of the gun.
Upon the rear end of the stationary bar E is pivoted a curved spring actuated
arm M which serves to force the cartridge upward in the receiver after it has been
carried backward by the movement of the hand hold and the movable loading
bar D. As each cartridge rises in the receiver it is forced upward by this spring
actuated curved arm, the rear end being raised higher than the front one so that
when the rear end of the cartridge is struck by the front end of the breech bolt;
As the cartridge is forced back
the cartridge is forced directly into the barrel.
into the receiver, it is forced upon the top of the curved arm M, and this arm
serves to raise it in the receiver sufficiently high to have its front end point.
directly towards the barrel, and its rear end raised just high enough to be struck
by the front end of the bolt as it is forced forward into position. The rear end
of the cartridge is caused to be raised up by means of inclines c formed inside of
the receiver.
Connected to the hand hold' G by means of the two parallel' arms or rods N
which extend along the opposite sides of the magazine is the covering plate O
which serves both to cover over the top of the breech bolt for the purpose of
protecting it from dampness, dust or dirt and for the purpose of operating it.
This belt O' moves back and forth. with the hand-hold G, and at no other time:
The breech bolt is formed of two pieces Q. R. the one Q. having a projection S
which is rigidly fastened to the rear end of the plate O and which projection
extends of the rear end of the part R. In the rear end of the part R is made
a spiral groove T in which a stud or projection U on the under side of the
projection S catches for the purpose of causing the part R of the bolt to partially
revolve when the bolt is moved forward ready to be fired: In forcing the bolt
forward the stud or projection-catching in the spiral groove, does not effect it
during the movement of the part R. of the bolt until the bolt has been moved
its full distance forward and then a continued pressure upon the handbold' and
through it upon the plate O, and the rear part of the bolt, causes the part R of the
When the hand' hold is forced backwards
boit to turn down in the usual manner.
the first movement of effected thereby is to cause the rear portion of the bol
through the stud or projection which catches in the groove in the part R to turn
the part R partially around, and then the whole bolt moves backward' in a straigh
line. When the bolt is forced forward ready to be fired, the rear catches agains
the front end of the flange W, which is connected to the breech Bolt' and stop

page_text: all further forward movement of the bolt The spring in the bolt is then com-
pressed and the firing pin is then held backward ready to be fired. The forward
movement of the two parts Q. R. of the bolt continues to their full extent, while
the pin is being held stationary. When the trigger is pulled the pin is forced
forward by the spring so as to explode the cartridge. Also formed in the flange W,
is the half cocked notch so that the bolt can be held back out of contact with the
cartridge. As the handle X is formed upon the rear end of the firing pin, and as
the pin has a movement of its own independently of the other two parts of the
breech bolt, the firing bolt can be operated by hand independently of them. When
the firing bolt is forced forward and turned down, the whole top of the receiver
and the greater portion of the bolt is entirely covered by the plate O, thus
protecting these parts from dust and moisture. In Fig. 9, in addition to the
handle X is shown an additional handle in dotted lines, such as is used with the
ordinary firing bolt. In this case the plate O is slotted as shown in Fig. 5 and
when the handle is forced either forward or back, carrying the plate O with it,
the slot in the plate causes the bolt to partially revolve, either for the purpose of
closing the breech or opening it as may be desired. This plate O serves as a
most perfect protector for the bolt, and the receiver and may be used either in
connection with the hand hold G or with any gun in which a firing bolt is
employed.
The same effect can be produced in partially revolving the bolt by forming
a stud or projection upon the part R of the bolt, and forming a diagonal groove
in the covering plate O. Either manner of operating the bolt may be used but
I prefer the one liere shown, because the parts are more perfectly protected.
The plate O, need not be connected to the hand hold, for the plate can he
operated by hand, in the usual manner. While it is thought preferable to use
it in connection with the handhold it serves every use and function when used
with the bolt alone.
By means of the construction here shown it will readily be seen that it is only
necessary to operate the hand hold by moving it back and forth, and pulling the
trigger to fire in rapid succession without lowering the gun or revolver, so as to
spoil the aim. The shell of the cartridge is ejected as rapidly as fired by the spring
which snaps through the left side of the receiver. This improvement is especially
adapted as a magazine shot gun, as it enables a person to fire a number of shots
in rapid succession without in the least spoiling his aim.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is;-
1. The combination with a fire arm, provided with a magazine of the loading
bars, which are placed in the magazine for moving the cartridges, a hand hold,
which is located under and slides upon the gun barrel and which hand hold is
connected to one of the loading bars, and the breech bolt, the hand hold being
connected to the breech bolt by a suitable connection, which extends backward
from the hand-hold, and is connected to the top of the breech bolt substantially as
shown.
2. The combination of the fire-arm, provided with a magazine, in which loading
bars are placed, with an endwise moving hand-hold which is connected to one
of the loading bars and a covering plate, which is connected to the hand hold, and
which extends backward and is connected to and covers over the breech bolt
substantially as described.
3. The combination of the covering plate which is moved back and forth with
he bolt, the bolt which is formed of two pieces, the rear end of which is provided
with a handle to which the covering plate is secured, and a pin and groove for
connecting the covering plate to the front end of the bolt, which has a partially
evolving motion, whereby when the rear end of the bolt is moved the covering
late causes the front end of the bolt to partially rotate, substantially as set forth.

page_text: 4. The combination with the breech bolt which is formed of two parts, with the
covering plate which is rigidly secured to the rear portion of the bolt, and a pin
and groove for connecting the plate to the front portion of the bolt, the plate
serving to operate the front portion of the bolt, and as a covering for the receiver
and bolt substantially as specified.
5. The combination with the magazine tube, the loading bars D E placed
therein, the hand hold G, connecting rod F, the spring actuated arm M, the
breech-bolt and a connection between the hand hold and the bolt substantially
as shown.
1.
6. In a magazine loading fire-arm, the combination of the hand-hold, the.
magazine the loading bars, placed in the magazine a connecting rod between
the hand hold and one of the loading bars, the spring actuated arm for raising
the cartridge upward in the receiver, the breech bolt and the connections N. Ŏ
between the hand hold and the bolt substantially as described.