Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 21st Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 24th May, 1887.
I, SAMUEL DE LA GRANGE WILLIAMS, of Woodgate, Malvern, in the County of
Worcester, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object to prevent the nuts of scrow bolts from being loosened
by vibrations, and it consists in making the hole of the nut with a slight opposito taper
at either end, so that at some point in the length of the hole the diameter is slightly
less than at the ends. This may be effected either by forming tho holo with the double
taper in the first instance by tapping it from each end, or by forming the threaded hole
cylindrical in the first instance and then compressing the nut at the middle of its
length or at any other point.
The screw bolt is made of a diameter equal to that of the hole at the ends of the nut,
so that on screwing on the nut there will be a combined compressing action on the
bolt and an expanding action on the nut, whereby it will be found that when the
nut has been screwed fully on to the bolt, it will be effectually locked so as to resist
any loosening by vibration.
The nut may be formed with a longitudinal slit at one or more points extending
somewhat beyond the point of smallest diameter, but this is not absolutely necessary.
Dated this 12th dow of August 1886
ABEL & IMRAY,
28, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, SAMUEL DE LA GRANGE WILLIAMS, of Woodgate, Malvern in the County of
Worcester, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object to prevent the nuts of screw bolts from being loosened
by vibration, and it consists in making the hole of the nut with a slight opposite taper
at either end, so that at some point in the length of the hole the diameteris slightly less
than at the ends. The screw bolt is made of a diameter equal to that of the hole at the
end of the nut so that, on screwing on the nut, there will be a combined compressing
action on the bolt and expanding action on the nut, whereby it will be found that when
the nut has been fully screwed on to the bolt, it will be effectually locked so as to
resist any loosening by vibration. When it is desired that the nut may be screwed on
the bolt either way, that is to say, with either face outwards, the lessening of the internal
diameter may be about the middle of the depth of the nut, so that the bolt can enter freely
at either end of the hole. When the nut is intended to be screwed on in only one way, the
lessening of the internal diameter may be more advantageously made at or near that
end of the nut which is to be the outer face when it is screwed on in its place. The
bolt can then freely enter the other end of the hole and meets with little resistance
until it reaches that part of the nut where the diameter is reduced. The required
reduction of diameter may be effected by tapping the hole of the nut with a taper tap
from each end, but as this is an operation involving a certain amount of trouble and
expense, and as an equivalent result can be attained by simpler means, I make no
claim to this mode of preparing the nut. The simpler means to which I refer consist
in making the threaded hole of the nut cylindrical or uniform in diameter in the first
instance, as nuts are usually made, and then compressing the nut at the middle of its
length or at any other point, the compression being effected by tools or punches, either
forced by pressure or by blows against the sides of the nut. This lateral compression
reduces the hole of the nut not uniformly all round, but by somewhat deforming its
circular periphery, the part thus slightly deformed serving to grip the bolt with an
effect practically the same as if it were truly circular but of reduced diameter. The
accompanying drawings shew nuts treated as above described by lateral compression
at various places on their sides.
Figs. 1 and 2 represent a section and plan of a square nut compressed by a rectangular
punch applied to the sides at about the middle of the nut. Figs. 3 and 4 are corre-
sponding views of a nut compressed in like manner near one end or face, and Figs. 5
and 6 shew a nut compressed at one end. The punch may have a face of such length
as to extend across the whole of each side of the nut, as shewn by Figs. 7 and 8.
Instead of a flat faced tool, a tool with a rounded face may be used to compress the
nut about its middle as shewn in Figs. 9 and 10, or at one end as in Figs. 11 and 12,

page_text: or the tool may reach quite across the side of the nut as in Figs. 13 and 14. A
hexagonal nut
may have the tool applied on its six sides, partly across each as shewn
in Fig. 15, or wholly across each as in Fig. 16. In many cases a blow or pressure of
the tool on only two opposite sides of a square or hexagonal nut suffices to give the
required grip on the bolt; it may, however, be applied to all the four sides of a square
nut or all the six sides of a hexagonal nut or only three of them.
As shewn in Fig. 17 the nut may have a longitudinal slit extending somewhat
beyond the compressed part, to allow spring of its metal, but this is not absolutely
necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :
As means for locking a nut on a bolt, applying to the sides of the nut, after it is
uniformly threaded, the pressure or blow of a punch or tool so as slightly to deform
part of the screwed hole of the nut causing that part to grip the bolt on which the nut
is screwed, substantially as herein described.
.
Dated this 21st day of Anvil 1887
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.