matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Taverner Wall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1882.
ROBERT TAVERNER WALL of Longfleet in the Borough and County of Poole.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHY."
The improvements consist in making a new sensitizing solution from white
pepper and its analogues macerated with and in other, turpentine, alcohol, naphtha,
chloroform, or spirit of tar and such like; or by essential and volatile oils, oils,
acetic, carbolic, tannic or other acids-or with mastic, crystal copal or other
varnishes A ready way is to take one pound weight of freshly ground white
pepper and macerate it in one to two pints of ether or other spirit for some days,
then press the tincture through one or more filtering media. Also in using the
resultant solution by spreading it on the surface to be sensitized, and for exposure
in the usual way-and in the use of powdered pigments cold or warm brushed or
dusted over the surface for the purpose of developing the image.

page_text: washing several times till all traces of acid are removed which can be tested by
litmus paper.
When all water is wrung out the emulsion is dried on a hot water
bath or spread out in a warm room on blotting paper, the result is mixed in 2+
ounces of alcohol and 2 ounces ether.
I also make a collodion emulsion as follows:-
Bromide of ammonia 27 grains.
Distilled water as little as possible and when dissolved add 2 or 3 drops of
hydro-bromic acid containing gelatine and then blend.
Glacial acetic acid 3 ounces.
Pyroxline 32 or 35 grains.
The emulsion with silver is formed by adding the silver nitrate solution
prepared as before, but instead of evaporating I pour the whole into a large jar
filled with clean water and then pour it into a calico bag and wring, and put it
into gelatine solution and then boil for 30 minutes, dry as before, dissolve in
4 ounces of equal parts of ether and alcohol.
I find it convenient to use a box for regulating the evaporation having both
sides covered with several pieces of calico, holland or linen, which must be soaked
in alumized gelatine, whipped and then dried, or fine perforated zinc sheet, fine
horse hair or fine wire gauze may be used. This box will keep down the too
rapid evaporation and prevent honeycombs and other irregular marking.
To wax the glass plate I warm the glass and rub it with a piece of wax and
warm it again sufficiently to melt the wax and immediately rub with piece of
flannel until a thin coating is left.
I make also a preparation of an elastic medium for printing on uneven surfaces,
of gelatine, sugar, glycerine, chrome alum, spirit, thymole or boricic acid, or any
preservative agent.
A glass plate is prepared by gluing a strip of paper around the edge of the plate
so as to form it into a dish. I pour the mixture into this dish and leave it to set
and then place a negative tissue on it and then place it on a dried pepper sensitized
surface, print by light as usual and for this purpose I find the following proportions
useful:-
Water 4 ounces
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO MEANS FOR THE PREVENTION OF WATCH SNATCHING
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Milton Stuart at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1882.
MILTON STUART of Seaforth in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OR APPERTAINING TO MEANS FOR THE PREVENTION OF WATCH SNATCHING
"
A large part of the pickpocketting of watches that goes on is caused from the ease
with which the watch can be snatched from the pocket by means of the guard.
Now my invention is designed as a preventative of this action. It consists in
sewing or otherwise fastening into the pocket (forming in fact that part of the
mouth of the watch pocket nearest the front end) a small metallic horse-shoe or
loop of such width as to allow the chain to freely pass through but stop the watch.
This metallic horse-shoe or loop is preferably perforated with holes or corrugated
to receive the thread to sew it securely into the pocket but can be of round wire if
desired. With this adjunct it is practically impossible to pull the watch from the
pocket by a direct pull on the guard. The pull must be first in the direction of the
arm and after the watch has cleared the said adjunct then in any desired direction.
The said adjunct can be made of any tough material not easily pressed out of shape
such as brass, iron cellulose or vulcanite but prefer sheet or drawn brass as the
most suitable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BARGES AND OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Moxon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th January 1882.
EDWARD MOXON of St. Helena Tunbridge Wells in the County of Kent
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BARGES AND OTHER
SIMILAR VESSELS
"
My Invention relating to the construction of barges and other similar vessels
has reference more particularly to barges employed in the conveyance of valuable
and other cargoes to and fron ships and other vessels and the shore or landing
stage and it has for its object increased buoyancy combined with greater strength
of the barge and diminution in the liability of damage to or loss of cargo in the
event of injury to the barge from collision or otherwise.
In carrying out my Invention in order to effect these objects I construct the
framing of the barge of angle iron or steel arranged vertically and horizontally and
connected together at the angles and junctions by plates or bracket pieces of steel
or iron bolted or rivetted thereto. To this frame I secure by rivetting or otherwise
the outer skin or shell of the barge consisting of sheets of steel of a thickness
varying according to the size of the barge to be constructed. At a distance from
the bottom (of say about one fourth of the depth of the barge) and extending
longitudinally from stem to stern along both sides of the interior thereof, I rivet
or otherwise connect steel or iron plates which constitute the inner skin, the
upper end of which skin I bolt to the inner edge of the "coamings" and I thoroughly
caulk the scams and joints so as to form a watertight cell or compartment along
both sides of the barge These cells or compartments I fill with cork or other
suitable buoyant material whereby the buoyancy of the barge is inaintained even
should the barge be injured by collision or otherwise so as to cause leakage, I also
form at both ends of the hold of the barge a watertight bulkhead whereby I still
further increase the safety of the barge in the event of injury thereto.
A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED AS A REMEDY FOR WHOOPING COUGH
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Francis Vandersteenstraaten of 5 Chancery Lane
in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
COMPOSITION TO BE USED AS A REMEDY FOR WHOOPING COUGH
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Francis Vandersteen-
straaten at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th November
1882.
PETER FRANCIS VANDERSTEENSTRAATEN of 5 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex, "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED AS A REMEDY FOR
WHOOPING COUGH
"
My Invention relates to a new or improved composition to be used as an
embrocation for the cure of whooping cough and other pulmonary complaints.
My Invention consists in the use of a mixture or composition of say 35% of
turpentine, 25% of oil of tallow and 40% of camomile oil, or in lieu of the
latter I may use say 25% of camomile oil and 15% of Poppy or croton oil.
The proportions named may be varied as found suitable, and the mixture may be
colored if desired with alkanet roots or cochineal.
My improved composition being rubbed on the chest of the patient, effects a
speedy and effectual cure of whooping cough and other analogous disorders.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Peter Francis Vandersteenstraaten in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 28th May 1883.
PETER FRANCIS VANDERSTEENSTRAATEN of 5 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex. "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMPOSITION TO BE USED AS A REMEDY FOR
WHOOPING COUGH"
My Invention relates to a new or improved composition to be used as an
embrocation for the cure of whooping cough and other pulmonary complaints.
My Invention consists in the use of a mixture or composition composed of say
35 % of turpentine, 25 % of oil of tallow and 40% camomile oil, or in lieu
of the latter may use say 25% of camomile oil and 15% of Poppy or
croton oil. The proportions named may be varied as found suitable and the
nixture may be colored if desired with alkanet roots or cochineal.
'
My improved composition being rubbed on the chest of the patient effects a
speedy and effectual cure of whooping cough and other analogous disorders.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the manner in which
the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion
that what I consider novel and original and therefore claim as my Invention, is:-
The new or improved composition to be used as a remedy for whooping cough,
substantially as above described.
In Witness Whereof I the said Peter Francis Vandersteenstraaten have
hereunto set my hand and seal this 21st day of May in the year of our
Lord eighteen hundred and eighty three.
VANDERSTEENSTRAATEN (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENVELOPES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Baker Hayward at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1882.
RICHARD BAKER HAYWARD, of Addle Street, in the City of London,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENVELOPES,"
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of envelopes for
containing letters, documents and other articles whereby the surreptitious opening
of the envelopes, after they have been closed, without the possibility of detection,
is entirely avoided.
The envelope-blanks are cut out of paper or other material in the ordinary way
and by any known means. Two opposite sides, which are of any convenient form,
are folded over to form a portion of the back of the envelope, one of the remaining
sides, which corresponds nearly in size to the front of the envelope, is then folded
over the said two sides and is secured thereto by gum or by any other suitable
means, the extremity of the said side is left free and has therein a slit or slot. The
under surface of the said free end or the opposite portions of the two first mentioned
sides is or are provided with gum or other adhesive material. The remaining
fourth side, which closes the mouth of the envelope is tongue shaped and is
provided with gum or other adhesive material on the under surface.
When it is desired to close the envelope the gum or other adhesive material on
the various parts thereof is moistened and the end of the tongue of the fourth side
is passed through the before mentioned slit or slot and the whole is then pressed in
order to cause the gummed parts to firmly adhere.
Those parts or any of them which are caused to adhere together, may have their
edges serrated or otherwise suitably rendered uneven so as to increase the difficulty
of separating the same without tearing the paper or other material of which the
envelope is formed.
It will be readily understood that the slit or slot can be made in the fourth or
closing side above referred to in which case the end of the third side will be made
tongue shaped.
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEATHER-PROOF EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS AND CARTRIDGES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEATHER-PROOF EXPLOSIVE
COMPOUNDS AND CARTRIDGES "A communication to him from abroad by
Josef Schulhof of Vienna Austria
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th October 1882.
PETER JENSEN of 33. Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex IMPROVÉ-
MENTS IN WEATHER-PROOF EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS AND CARTRIDGES (A Communi-
cation to me from abroad by Josef Schulhof of Vienna Austria)
Explosive compounds made according to this invention consist mainly of spun
gun cotton coated with collodion and having a horny or hard surface. Spun
gun cotton is placed in a mixture consisting of 80 parts by weight of bisulphuret
of carbon and 20 parts of finely pulverized nitrate of potash and moved about in it
for about an hour in order to cause the gun cotton to be evenly penetrated thereby
This may suitably be done in a tightly closed mixing drum. The gun cotton thus
soaked is then taken out and well rinsed in another drum containing bisulphuret
of carbon, where upon it is spread out in some suitable locality and dried until all
smell has disappeared.
The gun cotton thus far prepared is now dipped into a mixture consisting of
80 parts by weight of collodion which has been stirred and mixed with 20 parts
of bisulphuret of carbon until completely cleared; by this means the material
becomes coated with a substance that gradually hardens. The dipping may be
repeated for the purpose of thickening the coating, and the gun cotton may be in
the form of skeins as with dip candles, but after each dipping the coating must be
left until quite dry before the next dipping takes place. The surface will at first
obtain a felt like appearance and later on become horny but without detriment to
the explosive force of the gun cotton

page_text: Instead of dipping the gun cotton in the form of skeins it may be cut into pieces
and may be pressed first and then dipped.
The gun cotton so produced or treated may be used for cartridge cases because
the projectile can be inserted therein as easily as in a metal case. Such cases are
moreover quite waterproof, and may either have a gun cotton core as the explosive
charge or be made to contain ordinary powder or other suitable explosive compound
in their interior. The ignition may be effected in the same way as in ordinary
metal cartridges that is with a fulminate which is exploded by a blow.
•
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING PENS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th April 1882. A communication
from Mess E. O. Richter and Co of Chemnitz in the German Empire
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING PENS." A communication
from Mess E. O. Richter and Cor of Chemnitz in the German Empire
According to the present invention drawing pens are constructed out of steel
tubes, or of sheet metal bent into tubular form.
For this purpose, according to one arrangement a steel tube has its one end slit
or cut longitudinally so as to present two prongs, each tapering to a point and having
a tapering slot between them. The two prongs are then bent together so as to meet
at their points like the blades of an ordinary pen, and after being ground and
tempered so as to have the requisito spring action they are provided with a screw
and nut for adjusting the points nearer together or farther apart.
According to another arrangement a flat steel plate is stamped or cut so as to
present two tapering prongs at one end, and the plate is then bent into tubular
form so that the two prongs come opposite cach other, as in the first described
arrangement, the pen being then finished as there described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING AND FORMING CEMENT AND OTHER CONCRETES FOR PAYING PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATIONPURPO
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Reid Civil Engineer of 21 Arundel Street
Strand London for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MOULDING AND FORMING CEMENT AND OTHER CONCRETES FOR PAYING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Reid at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th January 1882.
HENRY REID Civil Engineer of 21 Arundel Street Strand London " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING AND FORMING CEMENT AND
CONCRETES FOR PAVING BUILDING OR SUCH LIKE PURPOSES "
OTHER
My Invention consists of improved and novel machinery for moulding concrete
forms of any shape.
The machine or machines used for this purpose are constructed so as to traverse
in a horizontal or vertical direction and on which moulds are placed. These moulds
when accurately filled with the concrete mixture are conveyed on the framed or
otherwise formed machine which runs on wheels or rollers and when the machinery
is moved along a corrugated or uneven track a vibratory or percussive action is
imparted to the machine and its load. This motion so obtained influences the
concretes in the moulds and by an impact action or motion distributes it evenly
and fills up every corner of the mould and so produces a true and accurate concrete
form. The motive power may either be steam, horse, hand labour or other motive
power.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent & of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor filed by the said Henry Reid in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th July 1882.
HENRY REID Civil Engineer of 21 Arundel Street Strand London " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING AND FORMING CEMENT AND OTHER
CONCRETES FOR PAVING BUILDING OR SUCH LIKE PURPOSES"
My Invention consists of improved and novel machinery for moulding cement
moulds of any shape.
The machine or machines used for this purpose are constructed so as to traverse
in a horizontal or vertical direction and on which moulds are placed. These moulds
when accurately filled with the concrete mixture are conveyed on the framed or
otherwise formed machine which runs on wheels or rollers and when the machinery
is moved along a corrugated or uneven track a vibratory or percussive motion is
imparted to the machine and its load This motion so obtained influences the
concrete in the mould and by an impact action or motion distributes it evenly and
fills up every corner of the mould and so produces a true and accurate concrete
form. The motive power may either be steam horse hand labour or other
motive power.
In witness whereof I the said Henry Reid have hereunto set my hand and seal
this Eleventh day of July in tho year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty two
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE AND TEA, WHICH I CALL "THE UNIQUE CAFÉTHETIER
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Crispen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1882.
"
WILLIAM HENRY CRISPEN of Prince Arthur Road Hampstead in the County of
Middlesex IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MAKING COFFEE AND TEA, WHICH I CALL
"THE UNIQUE CAFÉTHETIER”
This Invention has for its object improved apparatus for making coffee and tea
which I call "the unique Caféthetier."
The caféthétier is a tin vessel nearly cylindrical in form and with a draw off tap
at the bottom. It has a ledge within it at one third of the height from the top
and it receives to rest upon this ledge, an inner vessel with a perforated bottom.
This vessel or strainer receives the coffee or tea to be infused. There are two
covers, an outer cover and an inner cover entering within the strainer, and resting
on the coffee or tea which it contains. This inner cover is perforated and it has a
knob which serves as a handle and also as a weight to prevent the coffee or tea
floating when the water is poured in.
The operation is as follows. The coffee or tea having been placed in the inner
vessel or strainer with the inner cover upon it and there being a small quantity of
water in the lower part of the pot, this water is boiled by a spirit lamp or other-
wise and the coffee or tea is then steamed for about a quarter of an hour. The
water is then drawn out and other absolutely boiling water is poured in at the
top of the perforated cover. In a few seconds the coffee or tea will percolate
through and will be found to possess an aroma not hitherto attainable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE HAME PLATES OF HARNESS, AND IN TOOLS USED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Garrington and Benjamin
Garrington at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July
1882.
RICHARD GARRINGTON and BENJAMIN GARRINGTON, trading as John Garrington
and Sons of Darlaston in the County of Stafford, Stampers and Piercers
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THE HAME PLATES OF HARNESS, AND
IN TOOLS USED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE
"
The hame plates of harness to which our invention has reference are used to
connect the tug chains to the harness hames; the said tug chains being hooked in
the case of "leader" hame plates (that is, the hame plates carried by the leading
horse) to a hook on the palm of the hame plate; and in the case of "shafter" hame
plates (that is the hame plates carried by the shaft horse) to a ring passed through
an eye or hole made in a block at the edge of the palm of the hame plate; the
two kinds of hame plates described being connected to the hames by a joint at
the edge of the palm.
"
The said "leader and "shafter" hame plates are ordinarily made by hand
forging.
Our invention consists in making the said "leader" and "shafter" hame plates
by the method hereinafter described and by the use of the tools hereinafter
described.
.
We will describe our method of manufacture in conjunction with the tools which
we employ.
We heat to a forging heat a piece of wrought iron sufficient to make the
complete hame plate and by means of a pair of tools worked in a stamp we give
to the said heated piece of wrought iron, the figure of the hame plate. The acting
parts of the pair of tools described have a figure the counter-part of the exterior of
the palm, the joint at the edge of the palm and the hook, or the ring block, at the
opposite edge of the palm, so that the three connected parts of the hame plate are
made at one or more blows by the stamping operation from one piece of metal.
The fin or "fraze" at the edge of the partly made hame plate having been
removed by clipping tools, the solid joint block is drilled to form the joint by
which the hame plate is jointed to the hame and in the case of shafter hame plates,
5.31.....מ

page_text: a hole is also drilled through the ring block at the opposite edge of the palm to
form the eye through which the ring of the tug chain is passed.
Or instead on making the hook by the stamping process a stem or projection
may be made on the edge of the palm from which stem or projection the hook is
afterwards made by hand forging.
When the hame plates require to have long hooks the iron employed may be in
two pieces the said two pieces being welded together by the stamping process.
By our invention the hame plates are made very uniform in figure and of great
strength and their manufacture is cheapened.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES FOR RIFLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by. Henry Simon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1882. Communicated to
him from abroad by The Schweizerische Industrie-Gesellschaft of Neuhausen
by Schaffhausen Switzerland, an incorporated Company
35
HENRY SIMON of N° 7 St Peter's Square Manchester in the County of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PROJECTILES FOR RIFLES [Communicated to him from abroad
by The Schweizerische Industrie-Gesellschaft of Neuhausen by Schaffhausen
Switzerland, an incorporated Company]
The present invention relates to the use in combination with rifles having a
very small bore and rifling of quick pitch, of projectiles of considerable length
relatively to their diameter consisting of a lead core enclosed in an outer casing of
copper and constructed as follows:-
4
A cylindrical piece of lead of a length equal to from 3 to 4 times its diameter
is placed within an annealed tubular piece of copper closed at one end, where it is
pierced with a small hole for the escape of air. The open end of the tube or casing
through which the lead core was inserted having had its edges turned over so as to
retain the core, the combined parts are then placed into a divided mould or die
having the configuration which the finished projectile is required to assume, in
which mould the projectile is then subjected to pressure by the introduction of a
plunger at the one end of the mould, which is open, whereby it is made to assume⚫
the configuration of the mould which is as follows:-The head (formed by the
closed end of the copper tube) is of cylindro-ogival form, and the middle part of the
projectile is of reduced diameter as compared with the head and rear end, the latter
part being slightly swelled out to an enlarged diameter at the extremity. By this
construction of projectile the following objects are attained. The cylindro-ogival
head fits the bore of the rifle, while the middle part being of reduced diameter
reduces the friction of the projectile in the bore. The rear end, being made of
slightly larger diameter than the bore is compressed in firing so as to take the
grooves of the rifling and form the gas-check. By making the projectile of very
small diameter compared with its length as above stated, while the cartridge with
the powder charge is of the usual comparatively large size great initial velocity and
precision are attained, without giving any inconvenient recoil. The quick pitch of
the rifling imparts to the projectile quick rotation, insuring accuracy of aim.

page_text: The projectile, being provided over its entire surface with a metal of greatér.
hardness and resistance than lead, does not become deformed on passing through
liquid non-elastic bodies, and has therefore greater power of penetration than lead
bullets.
As only the rear end of the projectile takes the grooves of the rifling with its
copper covering in forming the gas check, the bore of the gun does not become
soiled thereby.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO AND DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Alfred Barlow at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th December 1882. Commu-
nicated to him by W. E. Fein a person resident at Stuttgart in the German
Empire
WALTER ALFRED BARLOW of 6 St Pauls Churchyard in the City of London
Patent Agent and Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO AND DYNAMO-ELECTRIC
MACHINES a communication to me by W. E. Fein a person resident at Stuttgart
in the German Empire,
13
This Invention relates to certain improvements in magneto and dynamo-electric
machines, the object being to make the greatest possible use of the wire coils of the
induction ring in a magneto and dynamo-electric machine, the construction of
the iron core of the ring in consequence of which the inversion of its polarity is
facilitated, the production of Foucault currents prevented and a continuous cooling
effected as well as an arrangement of apparatus which permits of an easy regulating
of the position of the brushes and of their pressure on the commutator
The rotating ring provided with the wire coils is on one of its open sides by
means of bolts and nuts fixed to a brass star piece which itself is keyed to the
rotating axle; these bolts are fastened to the iron core of the ring, which is built
up of separate discs of sheet-iron as hereafter described.
The ends of the single coils pass partly through insulated apertures in the
spokes of the star_piece partly between the intervals of the same to the commutator
which is placed on the front side of the axles.
The armatures completely surround the outer sides of the ring, and connected to
them, the half funnel shaped armatures enter into the inner space of the ring so
that nearly the whole length of the wire is exposed to the direct influence of the
magnets.
The ring is built up of a large number of very thin discs of sheet iron these discs
are connected together by means of the bolts with the intersection of smaller dises,
leaving interstices between them, through which a strong current of air circulates,
cooling the inner coils of the ring; moreover the single discs are magnetically
insulated from each other facilitating thereby the rapid inversion of the polarity
and doing away with the production of Foucault currents.

page_text: The arrangement for adjusting the brushes consists of two segment shaped plates
which after the screws have been loosened, can, in conjunction with the brushes be
radially displaced allowing thereby the easy adjustment of the position of the
brushes even during the working of the machine; they are movable around the
metal bolts and for regulating the pressure of the brushes on the commutator a
small lever is turned and acts on a spiral spring thus effecting the required object
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR INSULATING ELECTRIC WIRES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William James Temple and Thomas
Field Hobbs at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
10th November 1882.
WILLIAM JAMES Temple and ThomAS FIELD HOBBS both of the City of Bristol
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR INSULATING ELECTRIC WIRES'
"
Our Invention relates to the means of insulating Electric wires for the
conveyance of electric currents so as to give a good and convenient insulation and
protect buildings or other places against the risk of being accidentally fired in the
transmission of the current
According to our said Invention. We take strips or mouldings of slate and form
therein a groove or grooves for receiving the wire or cable or the like-The strips
or mouldings are put together or constructed in such a manner as will permit of
their being taken apart for examination renewing or addition without damaging
the building or place where they are used Where the wires or cables are carried
underground. We provide lengths of slate with a groove or grooves formed
therein to receive the wires or cables or the like these lengths of slate are covered
by other lengths of slate of a less width and thickness. The slate should be planed
or otherwise made perfectly true so that the parts will fit closely together. The
upper and lower lengths will be secured together by cramps or other like fastenings
preferably of brass or copper
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER BRUSHES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Todd Todd at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th March 1882.
JAMES TODD TODD of the City and County of Edinburgh North Britain
Gentleman-" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER BRUSHES
"
This Invention which relates to the construction of water brushes such as are
used for washing carriages, carts omnibuses, Railway Vehicles, and for other
analogous purposes has for its object to enable the brush to be the instrument for
applying water to the surfaces to be washed whilst avoiding the necessity of
dipping such brushes into water as is the present practice.
The Invention consists in making the handle of the said brushes hollow and in
connecting it by a flexible tube to the water supply.-That part of the brush
which holds the bristles, or other fibres, has one or more channels formed in it
connected with the hollow in the handle, also perforations lead from the said
channel, or channels, to the spaces between the bristles, or fibres, so that the water
used for washing passes out from these perforations on to the surfaces to which the
improved water brushes are applied.
În place of forming the handle hollow, a solid handle may be used as at present,
and the flexible tube or connections on the back of the brush leading to the
channels and perforations.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CUTTING OUT CLOTH AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Matthew Sellers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th October 1882.
JOSEPH MATTHEW SELLERS of Keighley in the County of York, Sewing
Machine Manufacturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR CUTTING OUT CLOTH
AND OTHER MATERIALS
"1
The object of this invention is to cut out cloth or other materials to any desired.
pattern, such as, clothes, shirts or other articles it is desired to give shape before
making up.
I accomplish my object by the aid of a knife to which I. give the four motions
that is, up and down, back and forward by one cam to which the knife is attached
working below or underneath. the table. By this means the table of my machine
is clear of all but the cutting knife thus giving every facility for the operations of
the cutter out. The machine is worked by treddle or other motive power
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR TAKING MEASUREMENTS OR PATTERNS FOR CUTTING OUT CLOTHES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Baier at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1882.
"
JOSEPH BAIER of No 38 New North Road in the County of Middlesex
'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR TAKING MEASUREMENTS OR
PATTERNS FOR CUTTING OUT CLOTHES."
According to my invention I construct patterns for cutting out clothes that are
adjustable in size in every required direction in which it is desired that accurate
measurement shall be taken, so that when the pattern is applied to the body of
the person to be fitted it can be extended or contracted in any direction to suit the
figure and can then be maintained in such adjusted position, so that when taken
off the body an exact pattern can be cut therefrom.
For this purpose I construct the said adjustable pattern of any suitable fabric of
à more or less elastic or extensible and contractable nature and on such fabric I
attach small flexible rods or bars extending in various directions, the said rods
being moveable within sheaths formed on or in the fabric, so that when the pattern
is applied to the body the said rods can be pushed outwards or drawn inwards so
as to bring the edges of the pattern to the exact points required for giving it the
desired configuration. When the whole of the rods have been so moved they are
fixed in their positions by clamps of any suitable construction attached to the
pattern, and by preference I arrange the rods so that all or a number of them cross
each other at a certain point in order that they may all be simultaneously held at
such point by a single clamp. Such clamps may conveniently consist of two thin
plates between which the rods pass, and which are pressed together by a cam
shaped nut on a pin fixed to the one plate and passing through a hole in the other
one.
Where the pattern of an article of dress, such as the body of a coat, consists of
several separate patterns combined, these patterns are, when taking the measure-
ments connected to each other edge to edge by hooks and eyes or other similar
fastenings, and after all the separate patterns have been adjusted in size, they are
detached from each other so as to cut the separate patterns therefrom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joe Fox at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1882.
-
JOE Fox of Staincliffe Dewsbury in the County of York Shoddy Merchant
and Cotton Spinner "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS"
This Invention relates to the application and use of improved apparatus and
means for ensuring the combustion of Smoke and economizing the fuel.
According to this my invention I apply to the side. flue or flues a curved.or
coiled pipe extending along the flue and returning to the outside thereof whence it
is continued or connected to another pipe passing under the grate bars to a point
near or about the back of the "bridge." The entrance or inlet and outlet of said
pipe near bridge are open; the draught of the furnace causing the air to enter and
circulate through the said pipe and become heated before being discharged at the
point near the bridge where the air so heated mingles with the gases of combustion
and which are fired and the smoke consumed. The said pipe or pipes is or are
perforated or provided with a small feed pipe through which coal or volatile oil gas
is admitted to the interior of the hot air pipe or pipes and being discharged along
with the hot air at the point and by the means herein described effects the
combustion of smoke and economizes the fuel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF GIVING PUBLICITY TO ADVERTISEMENTS OR NOTICES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Middleton Justice at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th June 1882. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Emmanuel Brenta of Brussels in the Kingdom
of Belgium.
PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 14 Southampton Buildings in the County of
Middlesex Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OF GIVING PUBLICITY
TO ADVERTISEMENTS OR NOTICES a communication to me from abroad by
Emmanuel Brenta of Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium.
"
This invention relates to mirrors or looking glasses, which besides serving for
their ordinary purposes are also employed as a means of giving publicity to
notices or advertisements The invention consists in a triplicate looking glass of
which the panels to the right and left are destined to receive the advertisements
or notices The middle panel is composed of a plate glass or other suitable mirror
with a suitable frame or moulding The side panels are also surrounded by
suitable frames or mouldings and are divided into equal divisions adapted for
separate advertisements The advertisements are preferably made up in gilt or
silver letters under glass and are placed upon a back ground of various colours
The advertising mirror is destined for public places such as hotels, railway
stations and the like and forms a permanent and effectual means of advertising
The side panels may be hinged to the main frame or fixed at such an angle as to
always reflect the advertisements they contain on to the main glass and thus the
advertisements are seen from and at different angles while the surface of the
central glass remains unbroken
IMPROVEMENTS IN POCKET-KNIVES WITH SELF OPENING CORK SCREW
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Brierley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April 1882. A communication from
Abroad by Hugo Buettner of Neustadt near Stolpen, Germany.
WALTER BRIERLEY of Halifax in the County of York and Blackburn in tho
County of Lancaster Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN POCKET-KNIVES WITH
SELF OPENING CORK SCREW A communication from Abroad by Hugo Buettner
of Neustadt near Stolpen, Germany
The object of this Invention is to provide pocket-knives with a device for
opening automatically the cork-screw by pressing down a small projecting piu
visible at the end of the knife-handle.
Two of the usual springs of the knife which keep the blades in place when open
are recessed at their back-side and receive in these recesses the cork-screw.
In the recess of one of these knife-springs a small flat spring, is fixed, the cranked
end of which presses against the conveniently shaped talon of the cork-screw. By
so doing it will open the cork-scrow as soon as the latter is set free by a little hook
ending in a short straight pin. This hook-pin sliding in the other of the knife-
springs is pressed outwardly by a small spring likewise inserted in this knife-spring.
If the cork-screw is put down, its extremity catches into the hook and is by this
means kept closed. By pressing down the projecting end of the book pin the
end of the cork-screw is made free and starts up by action of the flat spring fixed
in the recess of the knife-spring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION ENGINES FOR TRAM, RAIL, AND OTHER ROADS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wilkinson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th December 1882.
WILLIAM WILKINSON, of Wigan, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
Engineer, IMPROVEMENTS IN TRACTION ENGINES FOR TRAM, RAIL, AND OTHER
ROADS.
My Invention relates to certain improvements in geared driving connections and
blast pipe arrangements, applicable to traction engines in general, but more
particularly to the type of engine patented to me 1 October 1881 N° 4268.
My said improvements are designed to prevent the emission of visible steam or
sparks from the funnel of such engines, to reduce the noise of the exhaust, and to
provide a geared driving connection which shall admit of freedom of movement or
side cant to the carrying wheels and axle without risk of fracture of the wheel
teeth.
To carry into effect the first named objects, I attach to a superheating chamber,
suspended in the furnace at a convenient distance below the uptake and into
which the exhaust is led, a series of concentric rings of any suitable cross section,
though preferably oval. These rings are each connected by a pipe with the super-
heating chamber, and are perforated on their upper sides to allow the superheated
steam to escape in a number of jets. They are arranged in a pyramidal form, each
ring being so much less in external diameter as to leave the perforations of the
ring immediately below it free to allow of the issue of the steam jet without
obstruction. Through the centre of the annular chamber I fix a vertical pipe for
the proper regulation of the draught. The annular chamber thus formed is fixed
in any convenient part of the uptake, and serves to prevent the emission of visible
steain or sparks, and to reduce the noise of the exhaust.
My further objects I attain by the construction of toothed gearing of particular
form, to communicate the driving strain from a cranked driving shaft running in
fixed bearings, to a carrying wheel shaft, running in spring pressed bearings, the
gearing being situated at the centre of the said shafts.
This
The faces or bearing surfaces of the teeth of each of the toothed wheels are
curved longitudinally to the axis, so that they bear chiefly at their centres.
particular construction of tooth, together with the central position of least
oscillation of the gearing, allows of considerable side cant of the axle, and freedom
of action, without the liability to fracture resulting from cross-winding of the
teeth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Horace Russell Allen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1882.
HORACE RUSSELL ALLEN of Indianapolis in the State of Indiana, United States,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN REAPING AND MOWING MACHINES
"
In machines for reaping and mowing a lever is used, worked by the hand of the
driver, requiring a great deal of exertion on his power.
According to my Invention, I adopt mainly the following arrangements:-
Instead of the ordinary lever used I substitute various devices by which the
cutter bar of the machine is raised by the power of horses instead of by hand.―
One arrangement of my Invention is as follows:-
A small lever attached to the machine throws a clutch in gear upon the shaft of
the machine.
This clutch is provided with a pulley, which revolves and winds up a chain, said
chain passing over a tongue or framework of the machine, and down to the cutter
bar, to which it is attached, and thus the cutter bar is lifted.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WICKS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Telfer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th December 1882.
JAMES TELFER of Glasgow in the County of Lanark North Britain, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WICKS
"
This Invention relates to improvements in wicks for lamps generally wherein
the flame is obtained from the combustion of oils and the Invention consists in the
employment of a bundle or series of capillary tubes to constitute the wick whereby
the oil is fed from the oil reservoir to the flame. These tubes under one modifi-
cation are made of glass steel or other metal or of a combination of glass steel or
other metal.
The tubes may be arranged in any desired manner according to the shape of
wick required and they are placed with their lower ends in the oil reservoir. By
capillary action the oil is drawn upwards through the interiors of the tubes and fed
to the flame whereby a constant and steady light is produced.
Under another modification of the Invention ordinary wick is tipped with glass,
steel or other metal capillary tubes or a combination of glass, steel or other metal
capillary tubes in which case the ordinary woven, twisted or spun wick feeds the
oil from the reservoir to the tubes at whose upper ends it is ignited and consumed.
Under a third modification of the Invention the wick may be formed of clay or
other earths. In this case the clay or earth in a plastic or semi-liquid state is
placed in a mould having the shape of the wick desired to be produced and a
series or bundle of wires are inserted into the mould so as to perforate the clay
and form a series of capillary tubes therein, through which the oil is fed to the
flame. After the clay or earth in the mould has sufficiently dried or set the wires
are withdrawn and the clay or earthen wick is then fired or baked.
In regulator lamps with any of the forms of the improved wick the size and
illuminating power of the flame may be regulated by raising and lowering the
capillary wick in the manner well understood and practised with ordinary wicks.
The advantages of this Invention are that the troublesome cutting and trimming
of the wick of a lamp is entirely obviated and the certainty of having a steady
clear burning flame at all times is thereby increased and the improved capillary
wick by reason of the materials of which it is constituted lasts much longer than
wicks of ordinary 'manufacture.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSES TO BE USED WITII GAS-FOR AUTOMATICALLY GIVING AN ALARM AT ANY REQUIRED HOUR HEATING WATER AND OTHER PURPOSES, PARTS OF THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Greene and Thomas Arthur
Greene at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October
1882.
HENRY GREENE and THOMAS ARTHUR GREENE [both of 155 Cannon Street in
the City of London] A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSES
TO BE USED WITII GAS-FOR AUTOMATICALLY GIVING AN ALARM AT ANY REQUIRED
HOUR HEATING WATER AND OTHER PURPOSES, PARTS OF THE SAME BEING
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
We construct an outer case or frame of any convenient size or material, to
contain the mechanism, to this we attach the movement of an ordinary aların
clock,
Upon the cam of which connected with the alarm part thereof we attach a
larger cam containing a slot of convenient depth, into which when the clock is in
motion, the lever of a gas tap falls.
Through the top of the case or at any other suitable position we place a boiler,
having a pipe reaching nearly to the bottom and projecting sufficiently over the
side to discharge into the receiver (hereinafter described) the base of the boiler
resting upon the top an ordinary atmospheric gas stove. The said gas stove is
connected with the gas supply and connected to the lever tap above mentioned.
There is also another supply pipe leading to a pilot burner which is intended to
light up the gas stove when the gas is turned on by the clock-work.
We attach a beam lever at a convenient distance from the clockwork one end of
which we attach or connect to the ordinary alarm escapement of the clock, the said
beam, being kept in its position by a check spring the said beam has a vertical pin
suspended at its end nearest the clock and at the end nearest the boiler has a
hook upon which is hung when in use a vessel or receiver to contain Tea, Coffee or
other liquid.
The apparatus is now ready for one purpose to which it is applicable-viz. That
of preparing Tea, Coffee, or other beverage at any required hour automatically, and
is set in this manner
The alarm spring of the clock being wound up, and the index adjusted to the
desired hour, the pilot burner is lighted, a sufficient quantity of water is placed

page_text: into the boiler, and the receiver is hung upon the hook of the beam, with a suitable
quantity of Tea or other ingredients in it.
At the hour to which it was adjusted the cam will allow the lever of the gas tap
to fall, the gas stove will be lighted, the water boiled and discharged into the
receiver, which by the additional weight of the water poured into it, will cause the
beam to fall and thereby raise the vertical pin at the other end thereof and so
release the mechanism of the alarm and set it ringing The other purposes to which
the invention may be applied would include-cooking chops or other articles-for
warming babies food-providing a night light-warming an apartment—and
generating steam for the sick room.