Improvements in Breech-loading Guns and Rifles in which the Barrels Drop Down for Loading.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th Mar., 1890-Accepted, 26th Apr., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breech-loading Guns and Rifles in which the
Barrels Drop Down for Loading.
I, LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT of Ash Vale, Ashfield Road, King's Heath in the
County of Worcester, engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention consists of a new or improved apparatus for ejecting or extracting
cartridges from the barrels of breech loading guns. I use the ordinary extractor rods
and heads, one for each barrel. Each rod is acted upon by a spring which is strong
enough to force the rod, head and cartridge out of the barrel.
When the gun has not been fired and the barrels are dropped the springs force the
rods forward gradually as the barrels are being lowered and the cartridges are
extracted, that is the ends are forced a short distance out of the barrels.
In that portion of the lump which bears against the joint pin or bolt I place two
upright pegs, working in holes, one under each extractor rod. The upper end of
each peg can be pushed into a notch cut in the under side of its corresponding
extractor rod. The lower end of each peg is made to project through the side
of the lump and the projecting parts travel in grooves cut on each side of the body.
On each side of the body I place a lever one end of which receives its motion from
any convenient portion of the action when the gun is fired, and the other end raises
the peg by striking the lower projecting end thereof.
When the
The action of the apparatus is as follows: when the gun is fired the lever, acted
upon by the tumbler or other portion of the action, strikes the lower projecting end
of the peg and forces the upper end into the notch in the extractor rod.
barrels are
dropped the peg prevents the rod from moving but as the barrels are
further lowered a projection in the groove in the body bears against the projecting
end of the peg and forces it down to its original position. The peg being forced out
of the notch the extractor rod is acted upon directly by the spring, is suddenly forced
forward and the cartridge is expelled.
Dated this 2nd day of June 1880
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breech-loading Guns and Rifles in which the
Barrels Drop Down for Loading.
I, LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT of Ash Vale, Ashfield Road, Kings Heath, in the
County of Worcester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to discriminating ejecting mechanism for breech-loading drop-
down double guns, whereby differentiation of the mechanism is given, by the hammers,
or the action of the gun.
The invention consists essentially in employing a separate extractor for each barrel,
and providing the underside of each leg, with a shouldered notch, wherein the upper
ends of pegs or rods, working in holes, made up one of the lumps on the undersides
of the barrels, take, whilst the lower ends of the pegs or rods, are acted upon, by
interposed levers, hung between the said lower ends, and the hammers.
The pegs or rods are adapted to lie flush with the sides of the lump, when ejection
is off, but to project from the sides of the said lump, when ejection is on; so that

page_text: the fully opening of the barrels, allows shoulders of a recess in the false breech,
to come within the path of the said projections, and so release the ejecting
mechanism.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing, represents partly in elevation, and partly in
vertical section, a breech loading drop down hammerless double gun, provided with
ejecting mechanism, constructed and arranged according to my said invention. It
will be seen, that the ejection is put on by the rocking of levers, interposed between
the hammers, and ejector pegs, directed upwardly through the front lump, and taking
within notches, or shouldered recesses, made within the undersides of extractor legs,
whose fore ends are acted upon, or under the influence of, ejecting springs, enclosed
within the fore parts of the extractor leg recesses, directed within the flats of the metal
on the undersides of the barrels.
Both the parts of the action, and the ejecting mechanism, are shown in the
positions which they respectively occupy, when the gun has been discharged, and
ejection put on.
Figure 2 represents upon an enlarged scale the joint and front lump part of the
arm, exhibiting the cranked fore end of the rocking lever, acting upon the foot of an
ejector peg or rod, whose upper end, is taken within the notch of an extractor leg.
Figure 3 represents a transverse vertical section on the dotted lines A B figure 1,
exemplifying how the ejector pegs are raised, for putting on ejection, and lowered,
for releasing the ejecting mechanism. Thus it will be seen, that the feet of the
ejector pegs, when ejection is put on, are extended outwardly, beyond the planes of
the sides of the lump, in order that on the fully opening of the arm, the said foot
extensions, shall come within the path of overhanging shoulders, forming the upper
part or top side of a recess, formed within the body of the false breech, so that the
fully opening of the arm, causes the said shoulders to press down the ejector pegs,
and thereby release the extractor legs, which are driven rearwardly or outwardly by
the force given out by the springs.
Figure 4 represents an underside view of figure 2, showing the positions of the
interposed rocking levers, and their inwardly cranked ends, coming upon the underside
of the ejector peg foot ends.
Figure 5 represents a like view as figure 2 but with the barrels fully opened, and
the ejector pegs withdrawn.
Figure 6 is a section of the body part, showing the recess wherein the cranked
ends of the interposed levers, work.
Figure 7 represents a side and front elevation of one of the ejector pegs.
Figure 8 is a front and side elevation of one of the interposed levers.
Figure 9 is a front view, edge view, and plan of the V shaped incline, employed
for controlling the outward movement or movements of the foot ends of the
ejector pegs.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the drawing.
As the ejector mechanism of both barrels are the same, I will only now describe
that of one barrel..
The arm consists of barrels a, false-breech body b, break-off c, tang lever d, and
fore end e.
The action consists of hammer f, jointed at f, with foot f³, sear g, sear spring g²,
trigger h, and main spring i, with the standside limb, impressing itself upon the top
of the recess, wherein it works, and with the free end of the other side, taking upon
the top side of the foot of the said hammer.
The combined extracting and ejecting mechanism consists of an extracting leg j,
having head j², and a coiled spring k, disposed at its front, and lying within a recess
or hole a², made in continuation of the hole, wherein the extractor leg works, and
which said leg, has a notch or shouldered recess, j³, upon its underside, wherein the
upper end of the ejector peg or rod, as hereinafter described, takes when ejection
is on.

page_text: I is an extractor arm, jointed at 12, and adapted to start the extractor leg, should
the same stick, or the spring's tension behind it be insufficient to give its initial
movement, to an extracting distance.
The communicating mechanism, consists of an interposed rocking arm m, hung
at m2, and with the extreme end of the fore end m³, cranked inwardly into a stud,
which comes upon the underside of the foot n² of an ejector peg or rod n, whose
upper end n³, takes within the shouldered notch j³, when the same is up, or ejection
put on.
The said ejector peg or rod, slides through a hole directed up the front lump a³,
of the barrels, and has the foot part n³, extended outwardly, in manner, that the
same shall, when the rod is up, or in the position as indicated in figures 1, 2, and
the right hand side of figure 3, extend beyond the plane of the face of the said lump,
so as to form a projection or stop, which comes against a shoulder a*, made at the
top of a recess a³, formed within the false breech.
Thus the lifting of the ejector pegs or rods n, in putting on ejection, by the
falling of the hammers through the intervention of the rocking arm, causes the
outer side of the foot, to project beyond the plane of the side of the lump, in
manner, that the shoulder a, on the falling of the barrels, is made to come within
the path of the said foot, which thereby draws down the said ejector peg or rod,
liberates the extractor leg, which now being free, is expelled rearwardly, by the
sudden expansion or releasing of the springs pressure, and thereby expels the spent
cartridge case.
The foot of the ejector peg or rod, when in its normal position, is flush with, or
lies in the same plane as, the side of the lump, and also works through a gap aº,
made in the side of it.
The lower end of the said lump as, at the junction of the hole a', wherein the
ejector peg or rod works, is made inclined or of the shape of the letter V, with
the apex directed downwardly, so that the inner side of the foot is made to travel
over the said incline, on being raised and lowered, and thereby compels the ejector
peg or rod, to incline outwardly, when ejection is on, (as in figures 1, 2, and right
hand side of figure 3), and perpendicularly when off, (as shown at the left hand
side of figure 3).
This varying of the position of the foot, to form a projection for the releasing or
drawing down of it, is performed by a flat spring, which makes the inner side of
the foot, constantly take the direction of the incline, and makes the ejector peg or
rod, act in manner as aforesaid.
OPERATION.
On a barrel of the arm being fired, the hammer f, falls, turns upon its fulcrum
pin 3, and causes its foot end ƒ³, to press upon the rear arm of the rocking
lever m, which being turned upon its centre m³, raises its fore arm, and with it,
its cranked end m³, which forcibly impresses itself upon the underside of the foot n²,
of the ejector peg or rod n, thereby raising the said rod, with its upper end n³,
engaging with the notch, or shouldered recess j³, of the leg j, and its foot end
extending beyond the plane or face of the lump, thus putting on ejection, and
placing the peg in position, so that the same admits of being again withdrawn, for
the releasing of the extractor leg, which is now held, with the tension of the com-
pressed spring, impinging forcibly in front of it.
The first opening of the barrels, causes the jointed arm 1, to start the extractor,
which is moved rearwardly to an extracting distance, by the spring following the
initial starting.
The further and subsequent fully opening, or dropping of the barrels, causes the
outer and now protruding side of the foot as, to come against the fixed shoulder a*,
of the recess a³, of the false breech 6, thereby withdrawing the end ³ from the
notch, of the leg j, which now being free and suddenly released, is expelled
rearwardly and outwardly, by the sudden freeing and releasing of the spring, which
ejects the spent case from the chamber of the barrel discharged.
The breaking of the barrels, also cocks the hammer, allows the rocking lever m,

page_text: to take its normal position, and the foot end of the peg or ejector rod, to lie flush,
or in the same plane with the face of the lump, wherein it works, by the said foot
travelling inwards, under the direction of the incline as, to which it is kept by the
small spring o
The closing of the barrels, forces the extractor forwards, and compresses the
spring k, and which extracting and ejecting parts are held in a state of tension, until
ejection is put on, by the barrels remaining closed.
It will be understood, that each barrel, is provided with extracting, ejecting, action,
and communicating mechanism, alike in construction to that as described, and that
the said mechanisms, act perfectly independent of each other, so that the firing of
one barrel, allows the case only of that barrel to be ejected.
The interposed rocking lever, employed for putting on ejection, may be worked,
if necessary, from the sear proper, or from the triggers.
That in order to give the extractor leg, a more decisive impingement than is
acquired by the pressure of the spring, I interpose between the fore end of the
extractor leg, and the spring, a supplementary rod, whose underside has a notch,
wherein the upper end of the ejector peg, as hereinbefore described, engages, so
that when the said peg is moved, on the opening of the barrels, the supplementary
rod, which is a striker, gives a sudden impact to the ejector, by the expansion of
the spring in front of it.
To make the lower ends of the ejector rods, protrude beyond the face of the lump,
when ejection is on, or when the pegs are in their raised positions, I make the
holes wherein the said pegs work, incline, so that the upward travel of the said pegs,
causes their foot ends to slightly extend beyond the plane of the face of the lump.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First-In the ejecting mechanism of breech-loading drop-down guns, the means
for putting on and taking off ejection, substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly-The combination with combined starting and extracting mechanism, of
breech loading small arms as described, of interposed rocking levers, ejector rods or
pegs, and releasing shoulders or stops, arranged, substantially as, and for the purpose,
as set forth.
Thirdly-The combination with the combined starting and ejecting mechanism, of
a jointed arm 1, for the purpose as set forth.
Fourthly The means herein described and set forth, for making the foot or
lower ends of ejector pegs or rods, extend outwardly beyond the plane of the sides
of the lump, wherein they work (when in a raised position) and flush with the said
sides (when in a lowered position) for the purpose as described and set forth.
Fifthly:-The combination with a front lump, and ejector peg or rod, with spring o
of an incline, or V shaped projection or block, substantially as set forth.
1000
LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.
LOUIS EDWARD PARFITT.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.