Improvements in Plumb-rules and Clinometers.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 21st Nov., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Plumb-rules and Clinometers.
I, FRANK GLADWIN JUNEY, residing at Rochester, in the County of Monroe,
and State of New York, United States of America, Cabinet Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention has relation to improvements in plumbs, the implement used by
artisans for erecting perpendiculars, or to ascertain the deviation of an object from
a vertical line; and the object is to provide an implement of the kind named and
for the purpose stated, which is of simple construction, accurate in its uses, and
efficient in determining the correctness of a vertical line or surface, and indicating
any deviation therefrom.
I have fully and clearly illustrated my improvements in the accompanying
drawings, forming a part of this specification, and wherein,-
Figure 1 is a front view in elevation, showing the implement with the front plate
removed;
.
Fig. 2 is a central vertical section;
Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of one of the clamping or holding springs with
the rubber button inserted therein; and
Fig. 4 is a detail of the plumb needle and weight.
The implement may be made of any suitable material, and consists of a
removable back plate, an intermediate plate suitably chambered or recessed to
take and support the plumb weight, rod or needle, and a front plate which is a
counterpart of the rear plate; or the implement may consist of two plates, one of
which is chambered, or recessed to take the plumb weight or rod.
Referring to the drawings, A designates what may be termed the rear plate,
consisting of a rectangular piece of suitable material, having plane parallel sides,
as is usual in the construction of implements of this character, and formed adjacent
to its upper end with an aperture 1, in which is fitted and secured a sight glass 2.
To the inner face of the plate A is secured the plate B, accurately aligning in all
its sides to the plate A, and formed with a chamber or recess 4, extending longi-
tudinally of the implement, and reaching above the aperture to the top of the
aperture in which the sight glass is secured,, substantially as shown in Fig. 1 of
the drawings.
Reference being had thereto, it will be perceived that the chamber or recess is
narrowed at the pivotal point of the weight, as at 5, and flaring therefrom to the
top, as at 6. Below the pivotal point the chamber is widened to receive the
weight. This conformation or construction of the chamber affords room for
the vibration of the weight and the plumb rod.
In the opposite faces of the plate B, at the top of the recess, and in accurate
alignment with each other, are secured graduated scales 3, the center or middle
lines of which are in alignment with and vertical to the pivotal axis of the plumb
rod. To the face of the plate B is secured the plate C, its contour or sides being
the same as that of the other plates, and it is formed with an aperture 1*,
registering with the aperture 1 in the plate A, and provided with a sight glass 2*,
through which the scale is observable."
In the chamber or recess of the intermediate plate, on a suitably secured pivot 7,
is hung the plumb weight 8, the axis of its pivotal support being in a direct vertical

page_text: line with the central graduation on the scales, and the two points in direct align-
ment with the sides of the implement. In the upper end of the weight is fixed a
pointer or needle 8*, the upper end of which traverses the scales and indicates the
position of the vertical surface against which the implement may be placed. In
the sides of the chamber or recess are stened rubber cushions 9, 9x, against which
the weight impacts, if vibrated viuently, the cushions serving as buffers to
obviate the effects of the concussion of the weight against the frame when the
implement is being carried, or when it may be handled carelessly.
In the plates A and C are formed oppositely arranged recesses 10, 10*, on the
inner faces of the plates, and centrally through each recess is an aperture 11.
The recesses constitute seats for springs 12, 12*, secured therein, substantially as
shown, and in the springs are secured elastic buttons 13, 13%, projecting through
the aperture in the plate, and the inner ends of which are adapted to be pushed
against the opposite faces of the weight, so that an equal pressure may be made to
hold the weight steady and the pointer free from vibration or disturbance while
approaching the object to be tested, and so that when the pressure is removed, the
weight will bring the pointer to position on scale at once.
The implement is adapted for placing or setting columns of any description to a
perpendicular position. Should the column be tapering, the needle or pointer
registers the amount of inclination on the scale plates, the scales being graduated
to indicate the variation from the vertical line by the foot. The implement is
generally useful in erecting any and all work, the perpendicularity of which is to be
ascertained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
A plumbing implement, comprising a stock or plate formed with an interior
chamber, oppositely disposed sight apertures provided with graduated scales, a
weight pivotally hung in the chamber of the stock, a pointer on the upper end of the
weight above the pivotal support thereof, oppositely disposed springs seated in
the chamber of the stock, and elastic push-buttons projected through the sides of
the stock and secured in the arches of the springs, whereby the weight may be
clamped between the inner ends of the push-buttons, substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
Dated this 13th day of October A.D. 1896.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.