IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, CLEANING, DOUBLING, SPINNING, AND THROWING OF SILK
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Prior Sharp and William Weild, both of the
City of Manchester and County of Lancaster, Machinists, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, CLEANING, DOUBLING,
SPINNING, AND THROWING OF SILK."
Sealed the 6th March 1855, and dated the 21st September 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Prior Sharp and
William Weild, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st September 1854.
We, WILLIAM PRIOR SHARP and WILLIAM WEILD, both of the City of Man-
chester and County of Lancaster, Machinists,do.hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, CLEANING,
DOUBLING, SPINNING. AND THROWING OF SILK," to be as follows:-
It consists in an improved combination and arrangement ofa winding frame
by the application of a roller or clearer for the threads to pass over in passing
from the swift to the bobbin, and a differential or cone motion to obtain a
uniform speed in the winding of the silk, especially when bobbins of small
diameter are used; and it also consists in an improved machine for combining
the winding and cleaning of silk, by combining the process of cleaning with
the machine first referred to.
And it also consists in a machine for winding, cleaning, and doubling, by
combining doubling with machine last referred to, by arranging the machine

page_text: so that the required number of threads from as many swifts may be wound on
one bobbin, and by the application of a detecting apparatus (which may be
similar to that used in doubling frames) to stop the bobbin when a thread
breaks; and it also consists in machines combining doubling and cleaning.
And it also consists in a method of preventing nicks from being worn in the
edges between which the threads pass to be cleaned, which is accomplished by
causing to oscillate the rod or clearer over which the threads pass.
And it also consists in an arrangement of cleaning edges, whereby a facility
is given for the removal of dirt or lumps intercepted by them, accomplished
by binging the edges or causing them to turn on a pivot.
And it also consists in the application of a differential or cone motion to
doubling or spinning machines, especially where bobbins of small diameter are
used to obtain a uniform winding on of the threads on to the bobbins as they
are doubled or spun.
And it also consists in an arrangement in doubling machines, or in other
machines where the process of doubling is carried on, by which the detecting
wires are kept up, or by which the stopping hooks are kept from entering the
ratchet wheels when the machine is stopped or about to start. This is accom-
plished by an eccentric rod or shaft extending along the machine, which shaft
when turned will come in contact with all the hooks at once and press them
down; or it may be done by making one of the sustaining rods moveable, so as
to pass under the detector wires and hold them up.
It also consists in the use of bobbins of small diameter in machines for
winding, cleaning, and doubling, whereby a greater speed of spindle may be
obtained in the process of spinning and throwing.
And it consists, lastly, in an arrangement applicable to machines for
winding,cleaning, doubling, or spinning, or any of these combined (especially
to machines in which spinning and doubling are combined), for lifting the
bobbin on which the thread is wound out of contact or out of gear with the
driving power, or for stopping the spindles, or for lifting the bobbin and
stopping the spindles simultaneously when a thread breaks. This is accom-
plished by suspending a hook over a ratchet wheel driven by friction, which
hook will enter the ratchet when the detector wire falls against it, when the
thread breaks. The hook then pulls the lever or other arrangement to which
its fulcrum is attached, thereby giving the power which is applied to lift the
bobbin or stop the spindle, by acting directly or through a series of levers.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Prior Sharp and William Weild in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 19th March 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WLLIAM
PRIOR SHARP and WILLIAM WEILD, both of the City of Manchester and
County of Lancaster, Machinists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said William Prior Sharp and William Weild, fler especial license
that we, the said William Prior Sharp and William Weild, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Prior
Sharp and William Weild, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING, CLEANING, DOUBLING, SPINNING. AND THROWING
OF SILK," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Prior
Sharp and William Weild, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Prior Sharp and William
Weild, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that
is to say):
Our explanation will be most simple if we first describe our improvements
as applied to and combined with the machines to which they refer, and
afterwards point out those parts which we believe are new, and which we claim
as our Invention.
Our improvements relate to that class of machinery used in the manufacture
of spun or twisted threads from hauks or skeins of raw silk, and apply, in the
first place, to machines for winding such hanks or skeins on to bobbins. In

page_text: the three Sheets of Drawings annexed hereunto, we shall use the same letters
and figures of reference on the same or corresponding parts on each Figure.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the driving end of a machine, combining the opera.
tions of winding and cleaning, part of one side being supposed removed, and
partly in section; and Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the driving end of the same
machine. The machine is double sided, and may be made to contain any
convenient number of swifts. A, framing of machine; a, strap imparting
motion to machine from the driving power employed; a' is a guide, which
slides on a bracket a², secured to the framing, by which the strap is moved on
fast and loose driving pulleys b; b' is the first motion shaft, working in bear-
ings on the framing; b is a pinion on first motion shaft, giving revolving
motion to an intermediate wheel b³ (fixed on a stud to the framing), which
transmits it to a wheel c, keyed on a shaft c', upon which an expanding
pulley (cand cx) is fixed. Motion is conveyed from the expanding pulley by
an endless rope (c) to a pulley (d) keyed on a shaft d' that is carried in
bearings on the upper part of the frame; the rope (c³) passes from the
expanding pulley (c and c**) to the double grooved pulley d, then round a
pulley c', carried on a pin in a lever c³, (having its fulcrum on a stud in the
frame at ce,) then round the pulley d again, and finally back to the expanding
pulley (c² and c2×). The lever c5 is loaded by a weight c', to keep the endless
rope () tight in every position of the expanding pulley. A bevil wheel, fixed
on the shaft d', geers with another on a horizontal shaft e (placed at right
angles to the shaft d); this shaft (e) has at each end of it bevil wheels, which
geer with bevils on the shafts f, that extend on each side from end to end of
the machine, for giving motion to the bobbins (g) upon which the silk is
wound, and it is carried in brackets h, fixed to the front beam (A') of the
machine, one of which brackets (h) is supplied for every bobbin or swift. In
Fig. 1 two modes are shewn for imparting motion to the bobbin g from the
shaft f, one method on one side and the other on the other side of the frame.
On the right-hand side of Fig. 1, and in Fig. 2, is shewn the usual mode of
imparting revolving motion to the bobbins g by two friction pulleys fi, upon
which rest the ends of the spindle (1) passing through each bobbin. The
expanding pulley (c and cx) is applied for the purpose of varying the speed of
the bobbins driven in the mauner just described, that is, for diminishing the
revolving speed of them as the material wound on increases in diameter, so as
to wind the silk from the hanks or skeins at an uniform velocity. The con-
struction and arrangement of the expanding pulley (c2 and c2x), and the
mechanism for effecting changes in it, are shewn by Figs. 3 and 4; Fig. 3

page_text: being a detached plan view, and Fig. 4 an inside view, of one side of the
expanding pulley (c² and c2×). One half of the pulley (c²) is keyed on the
shaft c', the other half (3x) is free on the shaft, but is carried round by and
along with the half which is fast on the shaft; the loose half (c2x)is held in
the position required, and is moved from one position to another by a fork i,
which takes into a groove formed in the boss; the fork i is carried on a screw
shaft i¹; this screw shaft (i) is made to rotate to effect the required changes
in the position of the pulley c2x by a ratchet wheel that is keyed on the end
of it, which is acted upon by a pawl, jointed on an arm, that has its axis
free on the screw shaft i, back action of the screwshaft being prevented by a
pawl i fixed on the framing. Oscillations are conveyed to the arm by በ
rod 5, jointed with it, and attached to a crank pin fixed on the end of the
cam shaft, for working the traverse rail.
The two halves of the expanding pulley will require to be withdrawn from
each other to diminish the revolving speed of the bobbin in proportion to its
increasing diameter, and this may be regulated by changing the diameter
of the ratchet wheel or the pitch of its teeth, or by taking a greater or
less number of teeth each oscillation of the arm it, which can be regulated
by adjusting the stroke of the crank pin , carried on the end of the cam
shaft.
The screw shaft is revolved to adjust the speed of the winding, or is screwed
back when one set of bobbins are filled, and a new set of bobbins commences
to be wound by a bandle (*) fixed in the ratchet wheel 22.
On the left-hand side of Fig. 1, as herein-before stated, and in detached
enlarged views by Fig. 5, which is a sectional view, and Fig. 6, which is a
front view, is shewn another apparatus or differential motion for imparting
a varying speed to the bobbins, so as to wind the silk at an uniform velocity.
It consists in employing a drum in place of the pulleys f¹, shewn on the
right-hand side of Fig. 1, and in Fig. 2, the length of the drum f¹ being such
as will revolve clear of the heads of the bobbins g, (when bobbins with heads
are used); upon this drum (f) the barrel of the bobbin g rests, the bobbin
being kept in its place by a spindle (') passing through it, the ends of which
are free in bearings in the brackets h. With this arrangement the surface of
the material wound on the bobbin will be driven at the same speed as the
surface of the drum, being in contact with the drum, and this will cause the
silk to be wound at an uniform velocity.
The traverse bar slides longitudinally in the brackets h, secured to the
front beams A', and upon it are fixed the cleaning edges !, (one opposite each

page_text: bobbin g,) which act as well to guide the threads to lay them evenly upon the
bobbins (g). Motion is obtained and conveyed to the traverse bars in the
following manner :-
screw
On each of the shafts f,carrying the pulleys or drums,is fixed a pinion f²,
geering with an intermediate wheel f³, which geers with a wheel fon each of
the shafts k', upon which is keyed a drum cam, either single or double
action. These cams k act upon friction bowls fixed on levers, which have
their fulcrums * secured to the framing. The levers are kept steady in
their reciprocations by working in a slot, one side of which is formed by
the face of the upper front beam (A') of the framing, and the other by a
cap (5) screwed against it. The upper ends of the levers are forked or
slotted, and a sliding die is fitted in each of them, through which a
passes, which gives the means of adjusting the length of the traverse
of the traverse bar k, two pins being formed on the sliding die piece ko, to
which adjustable rods are jointed, forming the connection between the dies
and the ends of the traverse bars k. When single action cams are employed,
the friction bowls in the levers must be kept against the path of the cams
by the force of springs or weights attached to the levers as shewn in dotted
line, Fig. 2, being spring employed. The threads from the swifts n pass to
the bobbins gover cloth-covered rollers or clearers m,placed in bearings in the
brackets h; these cloth-covered clearers or rollers m are slowly revolved, so that
the threads will not act always on one place, by bands m², passing round
pulleys (m2) on the end of the cam shafts k' and pulleys (m³), fixed on the
axes of the cloth-covered rollers or clearers (m). These clearers or rollers are
placed excentric to their axes, for the purpose of moving the thread up and
down between the cleaning edges, to prevent nicks from being worn in the
sides of them, by constantly passing through at one place.
Another method of accomplishing this object is shewn in Fig. 5, when the
thread passes over a rod (m), which is carried by levers ', having their
fulcrums 2 secured to the brackets h; on one arm of which levers are fixed
friction bowls h³, which are acted upon by excentrics 4,placed on shafts 5,
passing from end to end of the machines, which have a slow revolving motion
imparted to them from any convenient moving part of the machine.
The cleaning edges in the arrangements shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, perform
the double office of a cleaner and guide to lay the thread on the bobbin, as
before stated, and are of peculiar construction. We have several modes of
constructing cleaning edges, so as to give a facility for the removal of dirt or
lumps which they may intercept, which is accomplished by hinging the edges,

page_text: so that they can be withdrawn from each other. One method is shown by
Figs. 5º, 6º, and 7", , which are respectively an edge, front, and plan view. The
part, which screws to the traverse bar k, and the arm (4) that extends from
it to carry one of the cleaning edges, and the edge 13, carried by it, are formed
or cast in metal, all in one picce; and the arm A, carrying the other edge, and
the edge 13, is made separate, with a pivot 1 on the end of it, fitting into a hole
in the part screwing to the traverse bar, and an adjusting screw 2 is placed
through the arms /', at the ends nearest the edges 13, by which the edges can
be readily adjusted to each other. The manner of hinging one of the edges
here explained, besides giving facility for the removal of dirt or lumps, has the
advantage of preserving the edges parallel to each other in every position of
adjustment. We obtain the advantages mentioned above by a more simple
mode of construction, which we have exhibited in Fig. 5 by an edge view, and
in Fig. 6 by a front view, (in which views the manner of fixing the cleaner to
the traverse bars is shewn,) and in Fig. 7 by a plan view. In this mode of
construction the part , by which the cleaner is secured to the traverse bar />,
the arms carrying the edges, and the edges themselves, are all formed or
cust in one piece; the piece to form the edges is then cut in two, separating
the two arms, the cut forming a nick for the thread to pass through. The
elasticity of the arms allows of the edges being separated or brought together
in a sufficient degree for the removal of dirt or lumps, or for any adjustments
that may be required, which are made by a screw (1), in the same manner
as shewn and described by Figs. 5, 6, 7. The difference between the con-
struction of the cleaner last described and that first described is, that in the
first case the edge is mounted on a jointed hinge, and in the latter case the
elasticity of the shank on which the edge is formed operates as a
hinge. We
have shewn another modification of cleaner by Figs. S and 9, combining the
advantages of the one last described (of ready adjustment, and the preserving
of the parallelism of the edges to each other,) with a greater facility for the
removal of dirt or lumps; it may may be considered a compound of twohinges.
It consists in forming or casting the cleaner, less the part corresponding to the
edges (F), all in one piece, as explained in the second modification described,
and in cutting the arm parts separate, and using a screw for adjustment,
and in forming one or both of the bottom ends of the edges 13 into pivots,
fitting them into holes formed in the ends of the arms ", so that they can be
turned to remove dirt or lumps, as shewn in dotted line, Fig. 8.
We shall next proceed to describe our improvements for combining in one
operation winding, cleaning, and doubling, or winding and doubling, in which

page_text: the threads to be doubled are wound from as many hanks as skeins on to one
bobbin, passing at the same time through cleaning edges. Fig. 10, in Sheet 2,
exhibits partly an end view of a machine for this purpose; Fig. 11, a plan
view of one side and ong arrangement of swifts and bobbins.
We have only shewn in these views so much as will be necessary to explain
these improvements. Motion may be imparted to the various parts in the same
manner as has already been described in reference to Figs. 1 and 2. We
therefore need not add any further description, nor need we again refer to all
the parts shewn, as the same letters and figures of reference are repeated on
the same or corresponding parts; we shall therefore describe only the parts
added, and the modifications made. The threads, say, from the twoswifts(n),
to be doubled together are placed side by side, as shewn by Fig. 11, and pass
over a clearer or rod m, each through cleaning edges l, fixed on a rail attached
to the brackets h, through the ends of two detector wires p, being supported
by the sustaining rods 2, then through a guide in the traverse bark (which
may be a cleaner /) on to the bobbin g. The bobbin is revolved by friction
in the ordinary mauner (same as that shewn on the right-hand side of Fig. 1
and in Fig. 2, and before explained), one end of the spindle having a small
ratchet wheel fixed upon it, as in the ordinary doubling frame, into the teeth
of which the hook of the detecting mechanism enters when a thread breaks,
and thus stops the bobbin from revolving. The detecting mechanism may be
of the ordinary construction; that shewn consists of a bar p', into which are
jointed the detecting wires p². The balanced lever consists of a shaft oraxis,
which is balanced eu centre screws fixed in the sides of the bar p', having an
arm from one end of it, forming a hook, and another arm p' from the
middle of it, with a cross piece at the end, for the detector wires p² to fall upon
when the thread is absent. In Fig. 10, the shaft corresponding to the shaft d
in Fig. 1 and 2 is geered with a shaft *, which imparts motion by bevil
geer
to the shaft correponding to e, Fig. 1 and 2, and the cam & acts directly upon
a friction bowl, fixed in the traverse bar, to give it motion, but the length of
traverse cannot be so readily adjusted as when the motion produced by the
cam is transmitted through a lever, as described in Figs. 1 and 2. The cam
shaft, when carried from end to end of the machine, answers the purpose of
the shaft ³, shewn in Fig. 5, (oscillating the clearer or bar m, to prevent nicks
being worn in the sides of the cleaners,) the excentrics +, being placed upon
it, acting upon the clearers m through the levers, in the ends of which the
bearings of the clearers are carried.
Qur improvements in the next place relate to arrangements for combining

page_text: the process of doubling and cleaning. Fig. 12 is an end, Fig. 13 a side, and
Fig. 14 a plan, view of a portion of a machine for this purpose. This arrange-
ment may be considered the same as that for winding, cleaning, and doubling,
with this difference, that the threads to be doubled, instead of being wound
from the hank or skein, are wound from bobbins q. The threads from the
bobbins (g) to be doubled pass over the excentric revolving clearer m, each
through cleaning edges, through detecting and stopping apparatus, which
may be of ordinary construction. But we have shewn in these Figures
(12, 13, and 14) au arrangement for lifting the bobbin when a thread breaks
out of contact (if driven by contact) with the driving pulley, or out of geer
(if driven by geer) with the driving wheel, which is especially applicable to
machines for combining the operation of spinning and doubling, the machine
to be next herein-after described. The mechanism mentioned above will be
better understood by reference to the detached and enlarged views in Sheet 3,
shewing its application to spinning and doubling; Fig. 17 being an end sec-
tional view; Fig. 18, a front view; and Fig. 19, a plan view. The ends of the
spindle passing through the bobbing are carried in arms r¹ from an axis r,
which has its pivots in bearings in the brackets h. To the end of an arm r³,
descending from the middle of the axis r, a lever 14 is jointed and balanced;
this lever has a cross piece at its end for the detecting wires p2 (which are
jointed on a bar p¹) to fall on, and it has a slot formed in it to admit the
ratchet wheel 3, fixed on the shafts f, when the lever is depressed by the
weight of one of the detector wires. The ratchet r³ is not fast to the shaft f,
but is held by friction, so as to require a certain amount of force to prevent it
from revolving with the shaft. The ratchet has a leather or other elastic
washer on each side of it, and is held between two collars 4, pressing with
sufficient force upon the washers to give the required friction, the collars ri
being fixed in their positions on the shaft f by set screws. It will now be
seen that when a detector wire falls on the lever p₁ it will be depressed, so
that a piece passing across the groove in it will enter the teeth of the
ratchet 3; this will cause the lever to pull at the arm, which will thus cause
the bobbin g to be lifted out of geer or out of contact with the driving wheel
or pulleys, a stop being fixed to prevent it being lifted too high, against
which stop it will be kept, by the frictional force tending to revolve the
ratchet 3, which will be prevented from revolving till liberated by lifting
the lever p4.
We have shewn in Figs. 12, 13, and 14, and also in Figs. 17, 18, and
19, an arrangement for keeping up the detector wires, or preventing the

page_text: hooks on the balanced levers from entering the stopping ratchets when the
machine is stopped, and by this means saving the labour of liberating each
ratchet after the machines have been stopped when started again, which
arrangement may be adapted to all machines for doubling where detecting
and stopping mechanism is used. It consists in fixing pieces of wire s opposite
each lever p in one of the sustaining rods (*), which extends from end to
end of the machine, the rod p* being made free, so that it can be turned partly
round. Just before the machine is stopped, the rod is turned by a handle
(see Fig. 14), bringing each wire against its lever, as shewn in Fig. 17, so as
to sustain all of them in the position in which they are at that moment.
When the machine is started, the rod is turned back, bringing the wires
projecting from it the position shewn in Fig. 12.
P
Our improvements, in the next place, apply to machines combining the
operation of spinning and doubling. Fig. 15 represents an end elevation of
such a machine, part of one side being supposed removed, to exhibit more
clearly the arrangement of the spindles and other parts. Fig. 16 is a side
elevation at the driving end.
The arrangement of the gearing for imparting motion to the bobbins g,and
effecting a diminution in the revolving speed of the bobbin as the material is
wound upon it (whereby an uniform amount of "spin" or twist is given to
the thread), and the mode of actuating the traverse rod for laying the thread
evenly on the bobbin, are the same as those shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, and
herein-before described, with this exception, that each bobbin gis driven by a
toothed wheel, which geers with a pinion on the end of the spindle passing
through each bobbin, in place of being driven by contact with pulleys or
drums f; and that the shaft corresponding to d¹, Fig. 1 and 2, geers with
another shaft 1x, occupying the position of d', in Fig. 1 and 2; and the
arrangement of mechanism for lifting the bobbin out of geer with the driving
wheel when a thread breaks is also the same as that described in reference
to Figures 12, 13, and 14, and by reference to the enlarged detached views,
Figures 17, 18, and 19, exhibiting its adaptation to machines for combining
the operation of spinning and doubling. We need therefore only describe the
parts which are added to those combinations. The first motion shaft b¹ forms
the axis of the drum or cylinder B, which passes from end to end of the
machine to drive the spindles (t) by bands in the usual manner, which are
placed in bearings in the rails A2, A3, in the usual manner. The thread passes
from the bobbing once or twice round the friction bowls u, fixed on a rail
above each of the spindles, to give a slight tension to the thread, then over the

page_text: sustaining rods P, , and through the detector wire p², through the guide on the
traverse bar k, and on to the bobbing. An arrangement is added and shewn
in Figs. 15 and 16, by which the revolving of the spindles t is stopped simul-
taneously with the lifting of the bobbin when one of the threads break which
are being spun and doubled together. To accomplish this purpose, warfs t'are
placed on each spindle t, and opposite the back of each a bracket 2 is screwed
to the upper spindle rail A2, having a slot formed at its lower end, into which
one end of a piece of strap t³ or other similar material is secured by a set screw,
and passes round the front side of the warfs of the spindles, the other end of
the strap t3 being secured in the slot of the bracket ta opposite the other
spindle. The middle part of the strap 3 is brought between the spindles, and
is secured to one arm of a cranked lever 1, having its fulcrum t on a bracket
also secured to the rail A2, and the other arm of the crank lever is connected
by a wire or rod to with an arm * from the axis r of the frame lifting the
bobbin g. It will now be seen that when either of the threads break, the
ratchet 3 will cause the bobbin to lift, and the levert to tighten the strap
round the friction warfs, and thus act as a brake to stop and hold the spindles
from revolving. Hitherto it has been the general practice in the winding,
doubling, spinning, and throwing of silk to use bobbins with barrels of com-
paratively large diameter winding upon them only a small thickness of silk, so
that the difference between the speed or quantity wound on by the empty and
full bobbin would not be great; but the improved machinery herein-before
described and shewn in the Drawings is especially designed for and adapted
to admit of the use of bobbins with barrels of comparatively small diameter,
by the use of which we are enabled to work spinning or throwing machines at
a much greater speed, and thus obtain a much greater production than is
at present obtained from that class of machines.
Having described our improvements as applied to and combined with the
several machines to which they refer, we shall now point out what we believe
is new and what we claim as our Invention.
In machines for winding silk from the hank or skein on to bobbins, we
claim the application of a cone or other differential motion for varying the
speed of the bobbin in adaptation to its increasing diameter, especially when
bobbins of small diameter are used, so that the silk will be wound from the
hank or skein at an uniform velocity, or nearly so; and we also claim the
application in like manner of a differential motion for the like purpose to
machines combining the operations of winding and cleaning.
In application to machines combining both winding and cleaning, or to

page_text: other machines where cleaning is performed, we claim the mode of preventing
nicks from being worn in cleaning edges, by causing a rod or roller over which
the threads pass to the cleaning edges to oscillate up and down, as herein-
before described and shewn in Figs. 5, 10, and 11; or by the application of a
roller or clearer for the threads to pass over, as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 12, 13,
and 14. And also the mode of constructing cleaning edges, herein-before
described and shewn in and by Figs. 5", 6ª, 7", 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
We claim as our Invention machines for combining the operations of
winding, cleaning, and doubling, as herein-before described and shewa by
Figs. 10 and 11.
In reference to machines for doubling, we claim the application of a cone or
other differential motion for varying the speed of the bobbin in adaptation to
its increasing diameter, as herein-before described in reference to winding
machines.
We claim the means herein-before described of keeping up the detector
wires or levers, and thus preventing the stopping hooks from entering the
ratchets when the machines are stopped, when used in machines for doubling
alone, or in machines in which doubling is combined with other operations.
We claim as our Invention the improvements in machinery whereby we
are enabled to combine the operation of doubling and cleaning, herein-before
described.
We also claim, in machines by which doubling is performed, the means of
lifting the bobbin on which the threads are wound out of contact or out of
gear with the driving pulley or wheel when a thread breaks, as herein-before
described and shewn by Figs. 12, 13, and 14.
In machines for spinning or spinning and doubling together, we claim as
our Invention the application of a cone or other differentialmotion forvarying
the speed of the bobbin on which the threads are wound as they are spun in
adaptation to its increasing diameter, so as to wind on the thread at an
uniform speed, whereby every portion of the thread will receive an equal
amount of twist.
In machines combining the operations of spinning and doubling, we claim
the mode of lifting the bobbin on which the spun threads are wound out of
geer with the driving wheel when a thread breaks, and also the mode of
stopping the spindles, herein-before respectively described and shewn in the
Drawings by Figs. 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19.
And, lastly, we claim, in machines for winding, cleaning, and doubling, or
machines whereby any of these processes is effected, the use of bobbins of so

page_text: mall a diameter as to render the employment of a differential motion neces-
ary or expedient, in consequence of the great difference in diameter between
he bobbin when empty and when full, the use of these bobbins enabling us to
obtain a greater speed of spindle than has hitherto been attained in the
processes of spinning and throwing.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Prior Sharp and William
Weild, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day
of March, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.