Year: 1884

page_text: Sulphate of ammonia
Boracic acid
or of a mixture of two or more of these ingredients for the purpose of liberating
carbonic acid gas by effecting the complete decomposition of an alkaline carbonate
or bi-carbonate the bi-carbonate of soda generally, that being the alkaline
carbonate usually employed in baking.
To effect the complete decomposition of this alkaline carbonate I employ the
following equivalents by weight namely
to 1 part bi-carbonate of soda
1 part bi-carbonate of soda
I part bi-carbonate of soda
1 part bi-carbonate of soda
1 part bi-carbonate of soda
1 part bi-carbonate of soda
1 part bi-carbonate of soda
1 parts bi-sulphate of potash
1
parts bi-sulphate of soda
;
part bi-phosphate of lime dried and
reduced with flour or other fari-
naceous material to an equal
strength with the bi-carbonate of
soda
*/ parts phosphate of ammonia preferably
mono-basic phosphate
'/, parts chloride of ammonium
/ parts sulphate of ammonia
1 part boracic acid
That is to say 7 equivalents of bi-carbonate of soda will be completely.
decomposed by nearly 7 equivalents of the mixture or if a mixture of bi-sulphato
TD 11

page_text: of potash and bi-phosphate of lime is made 2 equivalents of that mixture will
effect the complete decomposition of 2 equivalents of bi-carbonate of soda or if n
mixture of bi-sulphate of potash and phosphate of ammonia is made 2+ equivalents
of the mixture will completely decompose 2 equivalents of the alkaline carbonate:
or if a mixture of bi-sulphate of potash, phosphate of ammonia and boracic acid is 5
mado 3 equivalents of the mixture will completely decompose 3 equivalents of
bi-carbonate of soda and so on.
With the foregoing table of equivalents for a guide I may also take proportions
of the materials bi-sulphate of potash, bi-sulphate of soda, bi-phosphate of lime
phosphate of ammonia, chloride of ammonium; sulphate of ammonia, boracic acid 1
other than those herein before given for example I may take equal quantities of
bi-sulphate of potash and bi-phosphate of lime in which case 2%, equivalents of
the mixture will be required to decompose 2 equivalents of bi-carbonate of soda
and so on.
When the alkaline carbonate used is bi-carbonate of potash, then the proportion
is increased to 1 parts of the alkalino carbonate for each equivalent of the other
materials the proportions of which remain the same as before specified, that is to
say, 1 parts bi-carbonate of potash to 11 parts bi-sulphate of potash and so on.
To keep the powder dry, as some of the ingredients above specified are liable to
deliquesce, flour or other farinaceous material is or may be added.
In baking, the ordinary proportions of the alkaline carbonate relatively with the
flour are adopted, that is to say, from one to two ounces for every eight pounds of
four, and the proportions hereinbefore given of the other materials constitute a
practical guide for the use of the mixture of all or of any two or more of them in
conjunction with the alkaline carbonate.
The proportions berein before given also apply to self raising flour and they are
equally applicable in making a merchantable baking powder the alkaline carbonate
in the latter case being added to the above mentioned ingredients or to a mixture
of any two or more of them not at the time of using, but at the time of
manufacturing the powder. In the latter case it is always advisable to add flour
or other farinaceous material preferably rice flour to the mixture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is,―
First. In making bread, biscuits, cakes, puddings, and the like and in the
manufacture of self-raising flour and confectionery the use of a mixture of
bi-sulphate of potash; bi-sulphate of soda; bi-phosphate of lime; phosphate of
ammonia; chloride of ammonium; sulphate of ammonia; boracic acid in conjunction
with an alkaline carbonate substantially as and for the purpose described.
Second. The use of bi-sulphate of potash; bi-sulphate of soda; bi-phosphate of
lime; phosphate of ammonia chloride of ammonium; sulphate of ammonia; boracic
acid any two or more of these substances less than the whole mixed together, to
completely decompose the alkaline carbonate in the said manufactures substantially
as described.
Third. As a merchantable baking powder the mixture consisting of bi-sulphate
of potash; bi-sulphate of soda; bi-phosphate of lime; phosphate of ammonia;
chloride of ammonium; sulphate of ammonia; boracic acid and an alkaline
carbonate substantially as set forth.
Fourth. As a merchantablo baking powder the mixture consisting of bi-sulphate
of potash and any one or more of the materials bi-phosphate of lime; phosphate of
aminonia; chloride of ammonium; sulphate of ainmonia; boracic acid and an
alkaline carbonate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Fifth. As a merchantable baking powder the mixture consisting of bi-sulphate
of soda and any one or more of the matorials bi-phosphate of lime; phosphate of
aminonia; chloride of ammonium; sulphate of ammonia; boracic acid and an
alkalino carbonate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: Sixth. As a merchantable baking powder the mixture consisting of any two or
more of the ingredients bi-phosphate of lime; phosphate of ammonia; chloride of
ammonium; sulphate of ammonia; boracic acid and an alkaline carbonate
substantially as and for the purpose described.