IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MIXING AND KNEADING FLOUR OR MEAL AND LIQUIDS INTO DOUGH, OR INGREDIENTS FOR PILL MASS, ALSO FOR CHURNING AND THE AMALGAMATION OF DRY POWDERS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Lamb Hancock and Charles Lamb Hancock, of
Dudley, in the County of Worcester, Engineers and Manufacturers of Domestic
Machines, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MIXING
AND KNEADING FLOUR OR MEAL AND LIQUIDS INTO DOUGH, OR INGREDIENTS
FOR PILL MASS, ALSO FOR CHURNING AND THE AMALGAMATION OF DRY
POWDERS"
Sealed the 19th August 1879, and dated the 24th February 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Lamb Hancock and
Charles Lamb Hancock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
24th February 1879.
FREDERICK LAMB HANCOCK and CHARLES LAMB HANCOCK, of Dudley, in the
County of Worcester, Engineers and Manufacturers of Domestic Machines. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MIXING AND KNEADING FLOUR OR MEAL AND
LIQUIDS INTO DOUGH, OR INGREDIENTS FOR PILL MASS, ALSO FOR CHURNING AND
THE AMALGAmation or DRY POWDERS."
This Invention relates to apparatus by or within which flour, grain-meal, com-
pounds for "pill mass," or other powdery ingredients can be thoroughly and com-
pletely mixed with liquids into a dough or paste like state to prepare it for food or
other purposes, according to the material operated upon, the apparatus being also
applicable for churning and for the mixing and amalgamation of dry ingredients.
The apparatus is composed of a casing, upon or above which a loose fitting stay
is arranged. This stay supports a horizontal spindle, and also a vertical one, the
horizontal spindle being capable of rotation by a winch handle or otherwise. This
spindle also carries a bevil pinion to gear into another pinion on the vertical spindle
to rotate it.
The vertical spindle carries one or more arms, from which blades or like appli-
ances depend, these being arranged at different distances from the spindle as to act
upon every particle of the ingredients as they are forced round. The lower part of
the casing has a series of blades standing vertically within it, these being passed by
the travelling blades, and act in conjunction one with the other for mixing purposes

page_text: The central portion of the casing has a cylinder to occupy about one third of the
diameter to prevent the ingredients gathering to the centre.
A portion of the bottom of the casing may be hinged that it may be turned down
to facilitate the removal of the compound, or it can be made to slide for that
purpose.
In some cases the centre cylinder can be dispensed with, or it may be made
removeable; the bottom of the casing with its blades may also be caused to rotate
to travel independently of the other blades in conjunction in the same or in the
reverse direction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Frederick, Lamb Hancock and: Charles Lamb Hancock in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd August 1879.
FREDERICK LAMB HANCOCK and CHARLES LAMB HANCOCK, of Dudley, in the
"IM-
County of Worcester, Engineers and Manufacturers of Domestic Machines.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MIXING AND KNEADING FLOUR OR MEAL AND
LIQUIDS INTO DOUGH, OR INGREDIENTS FOR PILL MASS, ALSO FOR CHURNING AND
THE AMALGAMATION OF DRY POWDERS.",
This Invention relates to apparatus by or within which flour, grain, meal, com-
pounds for "pill mass," or other powdery ingredients can be thoroughly and.com-
pletely mixed with liquids to form, a dough, batter, or paste like substance suitable
for food or other purposes, according to the material operated upon, the apparatus
being also applicable for churning and for the mixing and amalgamation of dry
ingredients.
.
The apparatus is composed of a casing upon or above which a loose fitting stay
is arranged. This stay supports a horizontal spindle, and also a vertical one, the
horizontal spindle being capable of rotation by a winch handle or otherwise. This
spindle also carries a bevil pinion to gear into another pinion on the vertical spindle
to rotate it.
..
1
[ 1 1
ا.
The vertical spindle carries one or more arms, from which blades or like appli-
ances depend, these being arranged at different distances from the spindle as'to act
upon every particle of the ingredients as they, the blades, are forced' round. The
lower part of the 'casing has a series "of blades standing vertically within' it, these
being passed by the travelling blades and act in conjunction one with the other
for mixing purposes. The central portion of the casing has a cylinder to occupy
about one third of the diameter to prevent the ingredients gathering to the
centre.
''
LAK
.P
A portion of the bottom of the casing may be hinged that it may be turned down
to facilitate the removal of the compound, or it can be made to slide for that
purpose.
14.

page_text: In some cases the centre cylinder can be dispensed with, or it may be made
removeable; the bottom of the casing with its blades may also be caused to rotate
to travel independently of the other blades in conjunction in the same or in the
reverse direction.
Our Invention will be clearly understood by the annexed Sheet of Drawings, in
which Figure 1 represents in section and Figure 2 in plan an apparatus for the
purposes first herein before described.
.
A is the casing of cylindrical form, and B the internal central drum as part of
same, but which may be separated and fixed in position by any suitable appliances.
The drum B fills about one third the area of the capacity of the cylindrical casing A,
and may if desired be charged with hot water or with cold water, according to the
ingredient or ingredients placed within the casing A, and the temperature under
which the ingredients have to be manipulated.
The bottom C of the casing A has a series of vertical blades D, D, standing up
on the inside, these being set at a suitable angle and fixed in position by nuts E, E,
on the threaded ends of the blades, said ends passing through the bottom C and
through straps F, F, the ends of which are bent to form feet to enable the apparatus
to be screwed down upon a table or other support.
'G, G, are sockets into which the ends H, H, of the cross stay, I can be dropped,
and be secured by the thumb 'screws J, J. The stay I has suspended from its
centre a stom K, from which by the arms L, L, as more particularly shown in the
detached view, Figure 3, a series of other blades M, M, the lower ends of which just
clear the bottom of the casing and work in between. the fixed blades D, D, when
caused to travel round by the gearing P, P, on the winch handle Q being turned by
hand.
•
The rotation of the gearing may however be effected in any suitable manner.;
for instance, especially with large apparatus, the horizontal shaft. R.. may have
pullies and driving straps mounted upon it that it may be driven by steam:or other
motive power.
The horizontal shaft R may for some purposes, particularly when a stiff paste,
dough, or pill mass is under operation, have power wheels applied, as by the dotted
lines in Figure 1. For ordinary dough; batter, "bakers" sponge," material for light
pastry, mixing of liquids, dry powders, or such like, the winch handle motion will
bo sufficient.
The blades M, M, can be set at any desired angle by the screw nuts N, N, and
held rigidly by them.
The blades M, M, are so set that the material under operation is spread against
the inner wall of the casing A, and against the outer wall of the drum B by some
of them and removed by some of the others, the blades D, D, serving to cut the
mass spread towards the centre and spread it against the travelling blades M, M,
to ensure a complete amalgamation, mashing, or trituration when the handle Q is
turned.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of an apparatus .more particularly adapted for
making bakers' sponge, batter for puddings, or for churning milk or cream in the
making of butter. In the vessel A, the upper part of which is fitted with a cross
stay I and working gear P, P, as explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2, we
fit a propeller R at the lower end of the stem K that the lower edge of each of the
blades may by their rotation drive the milk or other liquid up the sides of the
vessel A for it to fall into the centre again to be reacted upon by the propeller
blades R.
The propeller we prefer to use for this appartus is that patented by us on the
17th day of December, in the year 1867, No. 3589, this being formed by dividing
a hollow cone by a central vertical line from the apex to the base, the two portions
being secured by their straight edges to a boss, or to the stem K, as in the Figure (4),
which represents the propeller in side view and in face view in Figure 5.
Any other propeller may be used if desired in this apparatus.

page_text: In Figure 4 we have shown a jacket T at the lower part at the outside of
the casing A, into which hot or cold water may be placed to regulate the tempe-
rature of the material within the casing A, the dash of the liquid against the side
wall of the casing being checked in some cases by one or more baffle strips U, U,
two of these being shown in Figure 4.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,―
The apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed Drawings, acting as and
for the purposes described, especially the central hollow drum B as part thereof.
Secondly. We claim the apparatus shown in Figure 4 as a modification of that
shown in Figures 1 and 2, said apparatus acting as and for the purposes herein before
described.
Thirdly. We claim the combination of vertically fixed blades and vertically sus-
pended travelling blades in an apparatus for kneading (operating upon dough
mixtures, pill mass, and the like bodies), as set forth, and as shewn in Figures 1, 2,
and 3 of the annexed Drawings.
Fourthly. We claim the employment of the propeller, shown in Figure 5, within
the casing A, as in Figure 4, for churning milk and cream, for making butter, for
making bakers' sponge, for mixing batter and thin pasty like bodies, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Lamb Hancock, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, for myself and on behalf of the said Frederick Lamb Hancock,
this Twenty second day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
Witness,
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent,
40, Fleet St.,
London.
CHARLES LAMB HANCOCK. (L.S.)