IMPROVEMENTS IN THE AUTOMATIC FLUSHING OF SEWERS AND DRAINS AND FOR EFFECTING GENERALLY THE AUTOMATIC INTERMITTENT DISCHARGE OF WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I THOMAS CAINK of 2 Westbourne Terrace Malvern Link in the County of
Worcester Sanitary Engineer and Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE AUTOMATIC FLUSHING OF SEWERS AND
DRAINS AND FOR EFFECTING GENERALLY THE AUTOMATIC INTERMITTENT
DISCHARGE OF WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS to be as follows :-
The Drawings accompanying this application are intended to explain diagram-
matically the construction and working of the said apparatus. On said Drawings
A is a tank in which the water is collected from any source at M. B is a small
tank placed beneath and separated watertight from A (except as hereinafter
mentioned) by a plate C in which is inserted a vertical pipe D. In plate C is also
inserted a valve E. The subsidiary tank B is divided into two compartments B. N.
by a weir F. In B a float G is placed. From compartment N the sewer H or
other pipe to be flushed extends. A syphon J connects the two compartments B. N.
O is a small cock which can be opened or closed by rod extending above the
water level.
The action of the apparatus is as follows.-Water flows into Tank A at any rate
indefinitely slow until it reaches the level of top of vertical pipe D when it
overflows down this pipe into tank B, as the water rises in this tank it lifts the
float G which on rising lifts the valve E when, and in consequence of which, the
water rushes with great force through the opening of valve over weir F down
the sewer flushing the same. The rush of water over weir sets into action
syphon J, when the water has been discharged from tank A the syphon continues
to act until it has abstracted the water from tank B in consequence of which
float G falls into its former position and with it valve E closing the same, when
tank A immediately commences refilling. When water reaches level of vertical
pipe D the same operation is repeated and so on,
I make vertical pipe telescopic so that the height at which the water may be
discharged may be regulated at pleasure within certain limits increasing or
diminishing the frequency of the discharge with the same available quantity of
water. A screw K enables the opening of the valve to be regulated at pleasure so
that also any rate of discharge up to the maximum may be obtained, other methods
DS611

page_text: for securing this result may be adopted for example as in Fig 2 the spindle of
valve may be prolonged and threaded, a nut may screw thereon into any position,
such position will determine the height to which valve will be lifted for any given
height of float. By opening small cock O the apparatus can be immediately thrown
into action at any position of water level by its transmitting water to tank B. It
is not necessary to adopt any special form of valve.
I claim as new the application of each of the separate parts of the apparatus to
the respective purposes herein set forth.
I also claim as new the combination herein indicated. I also claim as new the
application to Automatic Flushing Apparatus of means of regulating the frequency
of the discharge with the same supply of water, and also of the rate of discharge.
The advantages of the apparatus are
1. There is no limit to the smallness of the flow of water which is necessary to
ensure the proper action of the apparatus.
2 There is no uncertainty in its action depending on the production of a partial
vaccuum or the like.
3 The apparatus can be thrown into action at any time when required without
waiting for the water to overflow vertical pipe.
4 The frequency of discharge can be controlled at will.
5 The rate of discharge can be controlled at will.

page_text: I THOMAS CAINK of N° 2 Westbourne Terrace Malvern Link in the parish of
Leigh in the county of Worcester Gas and Sanitary Engineer and Surveyor do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE AUTOMATIC
FLUSHING OF SEWERS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The number and year of the application for Provisional Protection of Patent of
which this is the Complete Specification is 3325 1884.
The Drawings accompanying this specification are intended to explain diagram-
matically the construction and working of the said apparatus without necessarily
indicating the precise shape of the various parts. On the said Drawing A is a
tank in which the water is collected from any source as M. B is a small tank
placed underneath and separated water-tight from A (except as hereinafter
mentioned) by a plato C in which is inserted a vertical pipe D. In plate C is
also inserted a valve E. The subsidiary tank B is divided into two compart-
ments B. N. by a weir F. In B a float G is placed. From compartment N the
sewer H or other pipe to be flushed extends. A syphon J connects the two
compartments B. N. O is a small cock which can be opened and closed by rod
extending above water level.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
Water flows into Tank A at any rate indefinitely slow until it reaches the level
of top of vertical pipe D when it overflows down this pipe into tank B, as the
water rises in this tank it lifts the float G which on rising lifts the valve E when
and in consequence of which the water rushes with great force through the opening
of valve over weir F down the sewer flushing the same. (Float may be either
connected or disconnected from valve) The rush of water over weir sets into
action syphon J; when the water has been discharged from tank A the syphon
continues to act until it has abstracted the water from tank B in consequence of
which float G falls into its former position and with it valve E re-closing same
when tank A immediately commences re-filling; when the water again reaches top
of vertical pipe D the same operation is repeated and so on. I make vertical pipe
telescopic so that the height at which the water may be discharged may be
regulated at pleasure within certain limits increasing or diminishing the frequency
of the discharge with the same available quantity of water. A screw K. enables
the opening of valve to be regulated at pleasure so that any rate of discharge up
to the maximum may be obtained. By opening small cock Ŏ the apparatus can be
immediately thrown into action at any position of the water level by its transmitting
water to tank B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1 The use or employment of a pipe of much smaller dimensions than that
required for the flushing to convey (by overflowing same) the water from the main
tank to small tank placed beneath for the purpose herein before set forth.
2 The adoption of the telescopic form for the overflow pipe or tube in conjunction
with an automatic Flushing Apparatus whereby the level at which the water in
main tank is discharged may be regulated and as a consequence the frequency of
the discharge with the same supply of water.

page_text: 3 The use or employment of a float in conjunction with the small tank placed
beneath whereby on the filling of such tank the lifting power of the water is
employed to raise the float and thereby to open the valve.
4 The use or employment of a valve in Automatic Flushing Tanks whereby the
rate of discharge may be regulated.
5 The employment of a syphon in a tank placed beneath the valve for the
purpose of emptying the tank in order to re-close the valve.
6 The use or employment of a small cock or valve whereby the main valve may
'be opened and the apparatus thrown into action and the tank emptied without
requiring to wait for the water to overflow vertical pipe and without the necessity
of gear for lifting a valve of large area.
Dated this bomante noound day of Santamhor 1994