An Improved Double-acting Hydraulic Intensifier.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 31st July, 1893
Complete Soecification Left, 30th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 23rd June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Double-acting Hydraulic Intensifier.
I, GEORGE BELL SHARPLES, of Victoria Buildings, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
The object of my invention is to produce an hydraulic intensifier which shall be
compact, double-acting, continuous and automatic in its motion.
I accomplish this by fitting within a suitable cylindrical chamber, a hollow
sliding ram.
Attached to the lower end of this hollow ram is a smaller solid ram, which slides
in a chamber of corresponding diameter produced by an elongation of the principal
chamber.
Attached to the upper end of the principal chamber is a similar fixed smaller
ram, over which the bollow large ram slides."
For the upstroke low pressure water is admitted through valves into the lower
half of cylindrical chamber and lower small chamber beneath both the large ram
and lower solid ram, the combined pressure on the two areas being equal to the
area of the large ram, raising the large ram as high as the cylindrical chamber will
allow, and forcing the water contained in the hollow of the large ram at an increased
pressure into the high pressure pipes, the water in the upper half of large cylindrical
chamber escaping through waste pipes.
A suitable connection then closes the lower valve and at the same time opens
valves which admit the low pressure water for the downstroke into the upper half
of the cylindrical chamber and into the hollow of the large ram, forcing it down
with an area pressure again equal to the area of the large ram, the water from the
lower half of the large cylinder escaping through a suitable waste pipe, and the
water from the lower chamber of smaller diameter being forced at an equally
increased pressure as in the upstroke into and through the same high pressure
pipes to the spot where it is required. Suitable stop and other valves are used
where required.
It is evident that the above reciprocating motion will be maintained so long as
water is supplied at the normal pressure, one portion of the water being discharged
from the intensifier with a greatly increased pressure, and the other portion discharged
either through waste pipes or raised into a receptacle for ordinary use.
Dated this 29th day of July 1893.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46, Market Street, Manchester, Agent to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Double-acting Hydraulic Intensifier.
1, GEORGE BELL SHARPLES, of Victoria Buildings, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
O manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to produce a hydraulic intensifier, which shall be
compact, double-acting, continuous and automatic in its motion.

page_text: I accomplish this as follows :-
Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings sent herewith (in which Fig. 1 is a cross
section of one form of my apparatus and Fig. 2 a cross section of a modified form)
within a suitable cylindrical chamber a I fit a hollow sliding ram b.
Permanently attached to the lower end of this hollow ram is a smaller ram c
which slides in a chamber d of corresponding diameter produced by an elongation
of the principal chamber a.
Attached to the upper end of the principal chamber a is a similar fixed smaller
ram cover which the hollow large ram 6 slides.
Or I substitute the following modified arrangement, shown in Fig. 2. which I find
facilitates the making and is equally effective.
Instead of attaching one of the smaller rams c to the hollow sliding ram & I
attach the smaller rams c and e² to each end of the chamber a, and form the hollow
sliding ram with two cylindrical cavities & and d² of suitable size and depth to
admit of its sliding alternately over the lower ram e and upper ram c².
In action, for the upstroke, low pressure water is admitted by a "Luthys" or
other suitable valve (situated at but omitted on the drawings for clearness) into
the lower half of the cylindrical chamber a by pipe g and into the lower small
chamber d (whether in the cylindrical chamber a or in the hollow ram b) by pipe g³,
(the combined pressure of the two areas being equal to the full area of the large
ram b) raising the large ram bas high as the cylindrical chamber a will allow, and
forcing the water contained in the hollow of the large ram at an increased
pressure through orifice in small ram c² into the high pressure range of pipes h, the
water in the upper half of the large cylindrical chamber a escaping through pipe k
and main valve fat a reduced pressure into an accumulator for use in other
purposes, or into a waste water tank when the highest intensified pressure is
required. A suitable connection automatically worked by the pressure of the large
ram bon lever i then closes the lower inlets, at the same time opening other inlets,
which admit the low pressure water for the downstroke, into the upper half of the
cylindrical chamber a, by pipe k, forcing it down with an area pressure again equal
to the full area of the large ram b, the water from the lower chamber d (or lower
hollow d of the large ram b) being forced at an increased pressure either (as in
Fig. 1,) directly into the high pressure range of pipes h, or (as in Fig. 2) through
orifice in small ram c, into the high pressure range of pipes h; and the water
from the lower half of the large cylinder a escaping through pipe g and main
valve at a reduced pressure into accumulator, or water tank, as before; the
pressure of large ram bon lever I then again reverses the inlets and How of low
pressure water.
Suitable back pressure valves are provided at g³, n², h', and h³.
It is evident that the above reciprocating motion will be maintained so long as
water is supplied at the normal pressure, one portion of the water being discharged
from the intensifier with an increased pressure, and the remainder being discharged
into an accumulator for further use at a reduced pressure; or into a waste tank when
the greatest pressure is required from the intensifier.
To work the intensifier for a reduced pressure such as is required for hydraulic
presses, where it is economical to obtain the greater portion of the lift by a smaller
pressure and use the greatest pressure for the final "nip" only, by altering main
valve f, the low pressure water is only admitted (through pipes and and
through orifices in ram c² in Fig. 1, and rams c and c in Fig. 2,) to the smaller
chambers d and d², the upper and lower halves of large cylindrical chamber a being
supplied by suction through pipes m and n from an ordinary storage tank of any
suitable kind, back pressure valves being provided near the tank. When the low
pressure water enters chamber the water in both lower chambers passes out
through pipes gand k' and valve fat a reduced pressure to the hydraulic press
and vice versa when the low pressure water enters chamber d the water in both
upper chambers passes through pipes and and valve f to the press in a simila
manner.
In addition to the two forms of apparatus already described, herein before and

page_text: shown in the drawings, a third may be used consisting of a central ram o to which
upper and lower small rams c are attached, each smaller ram c working in a
chamber d similar to that shown in Fig. 1, at both the upper and lower ends of
large cylindrical chamber a all the parts being similar in shape and action to those
already shown and described.
The terms "higher" and "lower," "upper" and "lower" &c. are merely used
for convenience and with reference to the position of the apparatus on the drawings,
the intensifier being capable of working horizontally or in any desired or convenient
position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The combined apparatus, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore
and in the accompanying drawings for the purpose set forth.
2nd. In a hydraulic intensifier, the combination with a suitable cylindrical
chamber, of a large reciprocating ram, and two smaller rams, attached to, or sliding
in, suitable cavities or chambers in, the said cylindrical chamber, or said large ram,
or both, as the case may be, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore, and
in the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
3rd. In a hydraulic intensifier, the method and means of supplying the larger
cavities with water by suction to economize pressure water when working for low
pressure, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore and in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 28th day of April 1894.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
984, Market Street, Manchester, Agent to Applicant.