Improvements in or relating to Enamelling or Coating Wood, Paper, Cloth, Papier Maché, and other Fibrous or Porous Materials, with comparatively impervious Gang vr
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 11th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 11th Jan., 1887.
[Communicatod from abroad by JAMES ALEXANDER POND, of Auckland, in the
Provincial District of Auckland and Colony of New Zealand, Analyst.]
Improvements in or relating to Enamelling or Coating Wood, Paper,
Cloth, Papier Maché, and other Fibrous or Porous Materials,
with comparatively impervious Gang vr
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, Fel. Inst., I.A. of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has been designed mainly for the purpose of providing a cheap form
of package, in which edible substances, both liquid and solid, may be transported from
place to place without being affected or flavored by the material of which such package
is constructed. But although this is the main object, it by no means is the only object
of the invention by which enamelled surfaces are produced, which are unaffected by
and impervious to water, grease dilute acids and brine.
In carrying out the invention, the enamel itself is first produced. This is composed
mainly, and if preferred, wholly of shellac, but for certain purposes hereinafter
explained there may be added to the shellac from 2 to 6 per cent of bees wax, stearic
oleic, or any other of the fatty acids. This enamel may be used in either a liquid or
a solid state. If it is required in a liquid condition it is heated in a steam-jacketed
pan or oil bath to a temperature not exceeding 280 degrees Fahrenheit, at the same
time incorporating the bees-wax or fatty acids, if desired, by stirring vigorously.
If it is required in a solid condition, it is either cast, after melting as described, into
any form desirable, or it is applied directly in its ordinary commercial form of shellac.
Whether the enamel be in either a liquid or a solid condition it must be applied to
the surface to be coated with great pressure, and at a high temperature, say 230 degrees
to 300 degrees Fahrenheit. There are various modes of applying such pressure, but
the mechanical devices needful for this purpose form no part of this invention. It is
found practicable to place the enamel in either a liquid or a solid state in an open tray

page_text: from which it is picked up by a heated surface either flat or in rolls. The layer of
enamel thus taken up is then transferred to the surface to be coated by pressure. In
the case of rolls, the layer is taken up on a heated lower roll and transferred to the
surface say of wood to be coated by passing such wood between said heated lower
roll, and a heavily weighted upper roll by which means the lower roll enamels the
surface presented to it filling up its every crevice. A still higher polish may be
attained by passing the enamelled article between heated rollers under pressure, or by
applying rapidly revolving, heated metal discs to the enamelled surface.
The bees wax and the other allied substances herein mentioned are useful for the
purpose of producing a higher gloss to the enamel. If desired this enamel may be
colored by means that are well known.
This process of enamelling surfaces is also useful as a preservative agent and for
improving the appearance of the material coated.
To still further insure the firm adhesion of the enamel to the wood or other substance,
a solution of shellac in methylated alcohol is applied to the surface to be enamelled,
allowing the spirit to evaporate before enamelling.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Enamelling or Coating Wood, Paper,
Cloth, Papier-mâché, and other Fibrous or Porous Materials;
with comparatively Impervious Coating or Enamel.
[A communication from abroad by JAMES ALEXANDER POND, of Auckland, in the
Provincial District of Auckland and Colony of New Zealand, Analyst.]
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, Fol. Inst. P.A. of. the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors,, 6. Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High
Holborn, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be perfornied, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has been designed mainly for the purpose of providing a cheap form
of package in which edible substances, both liquid and solid, may be transported froin
place to place without boing affected or flavored by the material of which such package
is constructed. But although this is the main object, it by no means is the only object
of the invention by which enamelled surfaces are produced, which are unaffected by,
and impervious to water, grease, dilute acids and brine.
In carrying out the invention, the enamel itself is first produced. This is composed
mainly, and if preferred, wholly of shellac, but for certain purposes hereinafter
explained there may be added to the shellac from 2 to 6 per cent of beeswax, stearic,
oleic, or any other of the fatty acids. This enamel may be used in either a liquid or
a solid state: If it is required in a liquid condition, it is heated in a steam jacketed
pan or oil bath to a temperature not exceeding 280 degrees Fahrenheit at the same
time incorporating the beeswax or fatty acids, if desired, by stirring vigorously.
If it is required in a solid condition, it is either cast, after melting as described,
into any form desirable, or it is applied directly in its ordinary commercial form of
shellac.
Whether the enamel be in either a liquid or a solid condition it must be applied
to the surface to be coated with great pressure, and at a high temperature, say
230 degrees to 300 degrees Fahrenheit. There are various modes of applying such
pressure, but the mechanical devices needful for this purpose form no part of this
invention. It is found practicable to place the enamel in either a liquid or a solid
state in an open tray from which it is picked up by a heated surface either flat or in
rolls. The layer of enamel thus taken up is then transferred to the surface to be
coated by pressure. In the case of rolls, the layer is taken up on a heated lower roll
and transferred to the surface-say of wood to be coated by passing such wood
between said heated lower roll, and a heavily weighted upper roll, by which means the
lower roll enamels the surface presented to it filling up its every crevice.
In the drawing hereto annexed, half of Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of
the rolls above referred to, and the other half an elevation. Figure 2 is an end view.
In these A is the enamelling roller made hollow and revolving in a block of, or in a
vessel containing enamel, as shewn at B. The roller A is made hollow, and a Bünsen

page_text: burner C is provided for the purpose of heating it, or a perforated gas tube running
whole length of the roller is found more effective. Suitable provision is made to allow
the gases to escape at the other end of the roller. D is a top or feeding roller. Both
rollers are provided with suitable gearing for driving them, but D is made to revolve
at a greater speed than A. In order to regulate the pressure of the feeding roller D
which I estimate should be about 1 ton, an adjusting screw E. with a spring e is
provided. The material to be coated is fed in between the two rollers, the adjusting
screw E above referred to allowing for various thicknesses of material. A layer of
enamel having been taken up by the heated roller A, it is transformed to one surface
of the material to be coated, filling up every crevice in it. The screw F is provided
for raising the enamel B as it becomes exhausted. A still higher polish may be
attained by passing the enamelled article between heated rollers under pressure, or by
applying rapidly revolving heated metal discs to the enamelled surface.
The beeswax and the other allied substances herein mentioned are useful for the
purpose of producing a higher gloss to the enamel. If desired this enamel may be
colorod by means that are well known.
This process of enamelling surfaces is also useful as a preservative agent, and for
improving the appearance of the material coated.
To still further insure the firm adhesion of the enamel to the wood or other substance,
a solution of shellac in methylated alcohol is applied to the surface to be enamelled,
allowing the spirit to evaporate before enamelling.
Figure 3 represents a box or packing case coated by this process. The sides, ends,
top and bottom are easily detachable, and each part may thus be enamelled separately.
They are watertight, and may be used for cutlery, seeds, etcetera, and this process
rendors them especially suitable for holding honey, jams, and such like goods, which
would be flavoured if packed in an ordinary un-enamelled case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is
The process of coating wood, paper, cloth, papier-mâche, and other fibrous materials
with an enamel composed wholly or mainly of shellac applied under great pressure,
and at a high temperature, substantially as herein described and explained.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.