Improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1895

page_text: Improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of Rose Grove Ardwick, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference more particularly to the means by which pneumatic
tyres for the wheels of velocipedes and other road vehicles, are secured to the
felloes of the wheels. It is especially applicable to such tyres having independent
air-tubes or air-chambers, and secured by metal bands passing round the edges of
covers or tread portions of horse-shoe section.
The invention consists in the improved manner of taking up the slack portion of
each band after the stretchable edge of the tyre cover has been enlarged to pass
over the edge of the felloe into the channel therein and so contract the edge of the
cover in order that it shall remain in the felloe, by which improvements the tyre is
readily affixed and removed in a simple and inexpensive manner.
In carrying out my invention I make the cover of horse-shoe form in section in
the usual way forming hollow cores in the edges into which is passed in each case a
coil of wire or the equivalent thereof. The coil may pass round each edge once or
more than once, preferably however I pass it round about one and a half times and
bring the extremities of the coil out of the hollow core or cores at two parts of the
circumference. I then complete the circle outside the edge of the cover or tyre by
joining up to each extremity a length of flat-link chain which is so adjusted in
length that when the chain lies on edge in the felloe the band is just large enough
to grip the felloe in the bottom of the channel, and when turned over on its side the
chain is sufficiently slack to permit of its being readily passed over the edge of the
felloe when the circumference of the edge of the tyre can be readily enlarged and
allow it all to pass over. In some cases I may carry the chain for a full or almost
full circumference before connecting it up to the wire coil and in other cases I
may dispense with the wire coil and pass the chain round the edge in place of the
wire.
Dated 10th 1... CA 100%
improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres.
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of Rose Grove, Ardwick, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference more particularly to the means by which pneumatic
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page_text: tyres for the wheels of velocipedes and other road vehicles, are secured to the
felloes of the wheels. It is especially applicable to such tyres having independent
air tubes or air chambers, and secured by metal bands passing round the edges of
covers or tread portions of horse-shoe section.
The invention consists in the improved manner of taking up the slack portion of
each band, necessary to enable the band to pass over the rim of the channel after
the edge of the cover has been passed over the rim of the channel, so that the
cover shall remain secure in the felloe.
The carrying out of my invention will be more readily understood by reference
to the sheet of drawings attached hereunto.
.
In the drawings
Figure 1, represents a portion of the tyre and felloe shewing the means by which
the band is enlarged and contracted, the front side of the portion of felloe shewn
being removed.
Figure 2, represents a section of the tyre and felloe through the line x-x.
Figure 3 represents an edge view of the chain used as a means for contracting
and enlarging the band.
It will be observed from the illustration that the cover a is of the usual horse-shoe
section and that the air tube or chamber and the felloe c are both of the well-
known forms. The edge a' of the cover is formed at each side into a pocket or
is tubular, and into each pocket is passed a wire or other band & which makes
almost two complete coils, the ends of the wire passing out of the cover at
openings a and being formed as loops, the distance between the points at which the
ends of the bands emerge from the pocket being according to the size of the felloe.
A distance equal to about the radius of the felloe would be sufficient in many
cases. When the band d² is so contracted that it will grip the felloe in the
position shewn, the space between the ends d of the band is filled in with a length
of chain e connected to said ends, which is so arranged that its links stand on edge
as shewn.
This chain is preferably made of wide links arranged in the same piane
and small extensions at right angles connecting them, as shewn in Figure 3. It is
obvious that the centre of a flat chain on edge resting on a surface is higher than
the centre of the same chain lying flat and that the chain resists tension from its
centre. That being so it follows that when the chain is on edge the end lengths
of the band are raised from the surface on which they rest when the band is slack,
the raising of them causing the band to be contracted sufficiently to prevent the
edge of the tyre cover from passing over the rim of the felloe. The chain is
retained on edge chiefly by the inflation of the tyre which causes the cover to press
it against the side of the felloe as shewn in Figure 2.
In Figure 2 which is a section through line it will be observed that at only
one side is the chain e shewn. This is done partly in order to shew the disposition
of the coils of the wire band in the pocket of the cover, in the one view, and partly
because it is usual to arrange the slackening devices or detaching means at opposite
parts of the periphery of the wheel.
I do not confine myself to the particular construction of chain as shewn in the
drawings any form or construction of chain which permits of its centre being
raised sufficiently when twisted or turned axially will do, though a flat chain is
always preferable.
The wire part of the band may pass once completely round the edge of the jacket
inside the pocket or more than once completely round, but in each case a length of
chain outside the edge of the jacket completes the second or third circle or coil.
One side only of the tyre cover may be fitted with a coiled wire band connected
at its ends by a flat link chain as described, and the other side fastened to the rim
permanently by a wire in any ordinarily used manner.
Although chiefly applicable to tyres with horse-shoe shaped covers or jackets,
the wire and chain band may also be used with closed pneumatic tyres formed at
their sides with pockets or tubular flaps.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In pneumatic tyres and tyre covers having tubular edges or side pockets the
use and arrangement of a coiled wire band or of two such bands each inserted into
one of said edges or pockets with the ends of said band brought to the outside
thereof and connected by a flat link chain or its equivalent outside of the edge or
pockets, substantially as and for the purpose set forth and illustrated by the
drawings.
2. The combination with a pneumatic tyre cover having tubular edges of a flat
link chain outside thereof and connecting the ends of a wire inserted into said edge,
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The manufacture and use of pneumatic tyres consisting of an air tube and a
jacket with tubular edges attached to the felloe by means of two coiled wire bands
one of which is passed through each of said tubular edges with its ends brought to
the outside thereof and two flat link chains one of which connects the ends of each
wire band outside the edge of the jacket substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the drawings.
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 5, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.