Improvements in Gas or Air Compressors and Pumps.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas or Air Compressors and Pumps.
I, JAMES KEICH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., of 27, Farringdon Avenue, in the City
of London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to gas or air compressors or pumps of the kind described
in the Specifications of my Patents Nos. 14057 of 1897, and 15291 of 1898, and
it has for its object to provide means for operating the pumping bell of such
apparatus from a rotary motor or running shaft in cases in which an automati-
cally controlled hydraulic or like motor cannot be conveniently applied.
To that end I fit the pumping bell with a piston rod which passes upwards,
downwards or outwards through a gland or water seal in the casing of the
apparatus, and connect thereto a crank and connecting rod or eccentric or like
device on a shaft which is driven by belt or other gearing or directly from the
motor or shaft having a rotary motion, the result being to obtain an easy working
rectilinear motion on the compressor from the circular motion of the driving
power. The driving power may be obtained from a running power shaft, a gas
engine, a hot air motor, an electric motor or even clockwork or any other kind
of mechanism giving a rotary motion..
The pump has suitable inlet and discharge valves such as are applied in the
apparatus described in the specifications above referred to, and it discharges by
a stand pipe into a holder loaded to the desired pressure. Inside and preferably
in the centre of this holder is another stand pipe the lower end of which is con-
nected to the suction side of the pump, and has a tapered valve on the top open-
ing upwards so as to give a gradually increasing opening over a considerable
length of stroke. This valve is so arranged that after the holder rises a certain
height over its normal height it engages with an adjustable tappet on the valve
rod and the higher the holder rises the larger the valve opening becomes. There
is still another stand pipe inside the holder which is connected to the delivery
end of the apparatus and through which the gas is drawn off to the burners as
required.
The apparatus is provided with suitable arrangements for filling the water
seals and keeping them all connected with a large body of water so that evapora-
tion has little effect on them; or it may be arranged with other devices for pre-
venting evaporation of the water or with a ball cock to keep the seals automati-
cally filled.
When the apparatus is used for compressing gas or compressing and mixing
gas and air for incandescent lighting or like purposes the pump is run at a
practically constant speed sufficient for the supply of gas to the maximum number
of lights required, and if the supply of the compressed gas exceeds the demand,
the gas holder of the apparatus rises and by raising the valve allows a portion
of the high pressure gas to escape to the suction side of the pump, whilst if all
the burners are shut off the gas is merely circulated through the apparatus.

page_text: In general, regulation of the gearing or driving power is not required, but in
special cases the loaded gas holder may be connected to the power supply for the
motor so that when the holder rises to its full height it may partially cut off the
supply of gas or other power for the heating of a hot air motor or otherwise
reduce the power of the driver, and consequently the speed of the compressor
itself, and when the said holder again returns to its normal level it may in like
manner turn on the said supplies or power and increase the speed of the apparatus,
the whole being thus made in this way partially self-governing.
The same kind of special driving gear from the rotary to the reciprocating
motion (with a modified governing device) may also be employed for working air
or gas or other pumps having packed piston cylinders for compression, for the
raising or serving of liquids, or for other purposes.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents, 62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agent for the Applicant.
prevents in as or Air Compressors and rumps.
I, JAMES KEITH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., of 27, Farringdon Avenue, in the City
of London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to gas or air compressors or pumps of the kind described
in the Specifications of my Patents Nos. 14057 of 1897, and 15291 of 1898, and
it has for its object to provide means for operating the pumping bell of such
apparatus from a rotary motor or running shaft in cases in which an automati-
cally controlled hydraulic or like motor cannot be conveniently applied.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, Fig. being an
elevation partly in section of a compressor or pump driven by belt gearing,
Fig. 2 an elevation of the same at right angles to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a horizontal
section on the line, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail to a larger scale showing one
form of the pressure regulating valve. Fig. 5 is a modified form in which the
gas holder surrounds the pumping bell and in which the pump plunger is arranged
to be underdriven.
In carrying out the invention, I fit the pumping bell a, shown at Fig. 5 within
its cylinder u, with a piston rod which passes upwards, as shown at Figs. 1
and 2, downwards, as shown at Fig. 5, or outwards, through a glande or water
seal in the casing d of the apparatus, and connect thereto a crank disc e, shown
at Figs. 1 and 2, and connecting rod for eccentric or like device on a shaft
which driven by belts and pulleys h, i, j, or other gearing, or is driven directly
from a motor or shaft having a rotary motion, the result being to obtain an easy
working rectilinear motion on the compressor plunger from the circular motion
of the driving power. The driving power applied to the compressor may be
obtained from a running power shaft, a gas engine, a hot air motor, an electric
motor or even clockwork or any other kind of mechanism giving a rotary motion.
The pump has suitable inlet and discharge valves k, l, such as are applied in
the apparatus described in the specifications above referred to, and it discharges
by a stand pipe m into a holder n loaded to the desired pressure. Inside and

page_text: preferably in the centre of this holder, as shown at Fig. 2, or it may be to one
side, as shown at Fig. 5, is another stand pipe o the lower end of which is con-
nected to the suction side y of the pump by a passage and this pipe o has a
tapered valve on the top opening upwards so as to give a gradually increasing
opening over a considerable length of stroke. This valve is so arranged that
after the holder n rises a certain height over its normal height it engages with
an adjustable tappet q on the valve rod q as shown particularly at Fig. 4, and
the higher the holder rises the larger the valve opening becomes, and consequently
the excess portion of the gas is sucked down the stand pipe o. Instead of the
tapered valve qa perforated tube closed at its upper end may be secured either
upon the pump cylinder a when the holder n is placed as shown at Fig. 5 or, to
the stand pipe o in place of the valve y used when the holder is separate from the
pump, as shown at Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the tube & being taken through a gland form-
ing one end of a closed tube e secured upon the outer surface of the gas holder a,
the result of the bell rising under excess of pressure being the same as already
described with reference to the valve q. There is still another stand pipe s
(Fig. 3) inside the holder which is connected to the delivery end of the apparatus
and through which the gas is drawn off to the burners as required.
The apparatus is provided with suitable arrangements for filling the water
seals, such as the filling pipe w, and means, such as described in the specifications
referred to, for keeping them all connected with a large body of water in the
holder so that evaporation has little effect on them; or it may be arranged with
other devices for preventing evaporation of the water or with a ball cock to keep
the seals automatically filled.
When the apparatus is used for compressing gas or compressing and mixing
gas and, air for incandescent lighting or like purposes the pump is run at a
practically constant speed sufficient for the supply of gas to the maximum number
of lights required, and if the supply of the compressed gas exceeds the demand,
the gas holder of the apparatus rises and by raising the valve g allows a portion
of the high pressure gas to escape to the suction side of the pump, whilst if all
the burners are shut off the gas is merely circulated through the apparatus by
this means.
In general, regulation of the gearing or driving power is not required, but in
special cases the loaded gas holder may be connected to the power supply for
the motor so that when the holder u rises to its full height it may partially cut off
the supply of gas or other power for the heating of a hot air motor or otherwise
reduce the power of the driver, and consequently the speed of the compressor
itself, and when the said holder again returns to its normal level it may in
like manner turn on the said supplies or power and increase the speed of the
apparatus, the whole being thus made in this way partially self-governing.
The same kind of special driving gear from the rotary to the reciprocating
motion (with a modified governing device) may also be employed for working
air or gas compressors and pumps having packed piston cylinders for com-
pression, for the raising or serving of liquids, or for other purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. A gas or air compressor or pump, the parts of which are constructed, com-
bined and arranged to operate, substantially as described.
2. The combination with a gas or air compressor or pump of means for recipro-
cating the pump plunger consisting of an crank disc, connected to the pump rod,
a belt pulley on the same spindle as the crank dise and driven by a belt from a
pulley secured on a second spindle to which is also keyed a pulley driven from a
rotary motor or running shaft, the pulleys being so proportioned to each other
that a reduction of speed is effected between the driver and the crank.disc spindle,
substantially as described.
"

page_text: 3. The combination with a gas or air compressor or pump driven by a rotary
motor or clockwork or a constantly running shaft of a valve connected to a stand
pipe and lifted by the gas holder, when the latter rises above its normal height,
said valve being arranged to establish communication between the gas holder
and the suction end of the pump, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1900.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents, 62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Agent for the Applicant.