provements in Waste Water and Syphonic Discharge Closets and Latrines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 24th Dec., 1894-Accepted, 27th Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL DE LITUATION
Improvements in Waste Water and Syphonic Discharge Closets and
Latrines.
WILLIAM HENRY BODIN Sanitary Engineer Acme Sanitary Engineering
Works, Wednesbury, Staffordshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The first part of this invention has reference to closets flushed with waste-water
from sinks and the like. The object being to construct such an one that shall be
particularly simple and “ self-cleansing with the ordinary flow of water from
yard gulley without tipping bucket, flushpot or moving part. To have large water
area to receive soil, need but little excavating in fixing and capable of being applied
when drains are near to surface of the ground instead of the comparatively great
depth hitherto necessary in this class of closet. And further, to be readily
converted into what may be called a "Waste Water Valve Closet" capable of
being flushed at will after use, which I carry out as follows and may be made of
fireclay or any suitable material.
The top piece or pedestal may be curved or of any desired shape, the bottom-
piece or closet "proper "wherein lays its principal feature and the points of my
invention, I construct with a flat, or slightly dished bottom, so that water is
retained over its whole surface (this is an important point) with its outlet and trap
on the side (on the "washout" principle) and the inlet opposite but close or near
to bottom when but little water or force is required to cleanse or wash out the
"
" receiver inter-
fæcal matter through the trap into drain, and no "tipper" or
vening between yard-gulley & closet and the bottom of closet being on a level
with yard-drain it is obvious that little depth is required which is also one of its
principal features. The trap is a seperate piece and may be turned in any direction
to junction with drain.
To convert this into a closet that may be flushed at will I intervene any suitable
valve at the "inlet" to pan such as is known as a "flap" with overflow or bath-
valve with standing waste. The object of this is to keep back the water and so
retain it in the sanitary pipes from closet to. yard-gulley to be used at will by
simply lifting the valve and is suitable for single closets or ranges.
In a modification of this valve as applied to ranges combined with a syphon
flushing tank, 1 place the valve at the "outlet" the height of overflow regulating
the amount of water in range.
In this case dispense with the traps in flushing-tank, carrying the long leg of
the syphon directly down to and projecting into a dip provided in closet range so
that trough and tank being charged. If the valve be lifted up, the contents of
trough is let off into drain and the bottom of flush-pipe or long leg of syphon
becoming unsealed the tank is set in operation discharging a volume of water to
cleanse the trough.
The valve is replaced and an after-flush of clean water is let into trough
through a secondary syphon in tank for the main body of water is only let down to
a pre-arranged depth regulated by holes in the large cap of syphon.
In the "syphonic-discharge " closet my object is to instantly create a complete
vacuum in the syphon "outlet" of closet simultaneously with the discharge of

page_text: with-
water in flush-box or tank so that the fæcal matter may be at once
drawn " or "sucked" from pan latrine, trough or to what it may be attached
and not dependant on the driving force of the flush of water from flush-box.
This I accomplish as follows:-
In the tank or flush box I construct a seperate compartment as large at the top
as tank will conveniently allow, this compartment although communicating with
the tank at bottom is hermetically sealed at top. At or near the top of this com-
partment attach a half-inch or any suitable bore-pipe and secure the other end
to top of syphon outlet of pan or latrine so that as cistern fills water rises in this
compartment, the displaced air passing through the said pipe and belching through
the shallow trap of the syphon outlet. Assuming water is in pan and trap and all
ready for use, the moment cistern is set in action the water immediately "falls"
in this seperate compartment instantly causing the necessary vacuum by sucking
the air from syphon outlet of closet, syphonic-action is at once set up and the
fæcal matter precipitated into drain, and not wholly dependant upon the driving
force of water from tank.
"
The syphonic "outlet" of closet is usually effected by connecting a lead or iron-
trap to the earthenware arm of pan. It being absolutely necessary a perfect joint
should be made here not likely to crack, break or become disarranged I accomplish
it as follows:-
If (as is usually the case) it is a lead trap I have three specially constructed iron
or brass rings which I will call A. B. C. with an indiarubber ring. A is secured to
the floor by the flange. B is passed over the shoulder of A and the lead arm of
trap passed through and turned down over the above mentioned shoulder. Ring C
together with rubber ring is placed on to arm of closet and the arm placed
into lead arm of trap, rings B & C are secured together with suitable bolts
pressing the rubber ring firmly against arm of pan and flat shoulder provided,
securely wedging the lead trap and making a perfect joint without being ridgid
which is its most important feature.
If an iron trap or pipe I make a suitable modification of this joint.
ليمى
Improvements in Waste Water and Syphonic Discharge Closets and
Latrines.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BODIN, of "The Acme" Sanitary Engineering Works,
Wednesbury, in the County of Stafford, Plumber and Sanitary Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:--
66
The first part of this invention has reference to closets flushed with waste water
from sinks and the like, the object being to construct such an one, that shall be
particularly simple and self-cleansing, with the ordinary Bow of water from the
yard gully without "tipping bucket," flush pot," or any moving part, to have
large water area, need but little excavation in fixing, and capable of being applied
when drains are near to surface of the ground, and further, to be readily con-
verted into what may be called a "Waste Water Valve Closet," capable of being
flushed immediately after use and may be made of fire clay, earthenware, or any
suitable material, and which I prefer to carry out as follows. To be more clearly
understood, I file the accompanying drawings, and refer here to their more
important points, as indicated by letters of reference.
Figs. 1, 2, 3, & 4 represent these closets complete in their several forms,

page_text: 1 & 2 being in side elevation, 3 & 4 front elevation; all below ground level
represented in section. The same letters and numerals indicate the same parts
in Figs. 1, 2, & 3.
"B" the
"A" is the pedestal, which may be curved to any desired shape,
bottom piece or basin, wherein lays the principle point of my invention. This I
construct with a very slightly dished bottom, the lip of outlet being just of
sufficient height that water shall be retained over its whole surface-this is an
important point-and should be nicely adjusted, for if too deep it requires much
more force to clean it out, and if not deep enough, the whole of the surface is
not covered with water. I prefer its inlet and outlet on opposite sides, on the
washout principle, the inlet being close to, or near the bottom and preferably in the
form of a slot, represented at "D" Fig. 5, when but little water or force is
required to wash out the focal matter, through the trap and into drain, without
tipper or receiver intervening between yard gullie and closet, and the bottom of
closet or basin being on a level with yard drain, it is obvious but little depth is
required, which is also another of its principal features. For convenience the
trap is a separate piece, and may be turned in any direction to junction with drain.
"E" is the gullie or slop stone, which may be of any pattern or shape, but slop
stone arms, as in Figs. 2, 3, & 4 (and which have been more particularly described
in a former Patent,), are preferable, no force being lost, as inevitably must be,
in passing through a trap.
To convert this self flushing, simple waste water closet, into one that may be
flushed at will, or immediately after use, and may be called a "waste water valve
closet," I intervene any suitable valve at the inlet of basin, such as is known as a
"flap" with overflow, or bath valve, with standing waste, as indicated at "F.,"
Figs. 2, 3, 4, 7, & 8. The object of this is to keep back the water, and so retain
it in the sanitary pipes or yard gully-to be used at will, by simply lifting the
valve, and is suitable for single closets, or range, as shewn in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 7, & 8,
which may be seen are modifications of the principle.
After many experiments, I find the most suitable form of pedestal to be curved
as drawn, so that the soil may fall clear of the back on to the wet bottom provided
to receive it; besides which, its particular form adds very materially to its
appearance.
In a modification of this waste, water closet, the valve may be placed at the
outlet, as shewn in Fig. 13, thereby usually providing a large amount of water to
receive the soil, but is not so sanitary as in the foregoing, by reason of the fetid
matter and fouled water soiling such a large area, including the standing waste, in
which the user comes particularly in contact with.
15
In another modification of this valve, as applied to ranges combined with a
syphonic flushing tank, I place the valve at the outlet, as illustrated in Figs. 9 & 10,
at F," the height of which overflow regulates the amount of water to be retained
in the whole range, as represented at "D." In this, case, I dispense with the
usual traps, in syphonic flush tank carrying the long leg of syphon down to, and
projecting into, a dip, provided in closet range, as represented at "G" which
together with the water in the range forms the necessary trap. It will be readily
seen that the confined air in long leg of syphon or flush pipe "J" from tank,
supports a good head of water, exactly in proportion to the height the long leg is
trapped at G." The usual ball valve will regulate the height and supply of
water to flush tank, so that trough & tank being charged, if the valve "F"be
lifted, the contents of the trough or latrine, is let off into drain, and the long leg
of syphon "J" becoming unsealed, the confined air escapes, syphonic action is set
up, discharging a volume of water to clear the trough. The valve "F" is then
replaced and an afterflush of clean water flows into the trough, through the
secondary syphon "H" in tank for the main body of water only let down to
a pre-arranged depth, regulated by holes "I" in the large cap or bell of syphon,
for as the water lowers to this point, air is drawn in, syphonic action in the mail.
syphon is stopped, and continued only by the smaller or secondary syphon "H"
.

page_text: until the short leg of this becomes unsealed, when this stops also, and the tank
allowed to fill regulated by a ball cock, when it will be ready for flushing again in
a like manner.
The utility of this principle is to provide a ready means for an attendant to flush
the range of latrines promptly, efficiently, and economically, without having to
turn the water on each time, and wait until the tank discharges automatically,
which at times is left to fill and discharge several times before the water is again
turned off.
In the syphonic discharge closets, Figs. 11 & 12, (11 being shewn in section
& 12 front elevation, the flush tank partly in perspective) A is the pan, C is the
cistern, D the air chamber, E is flush pipe, F the vacuum pipe, G the syphonic
outlet, my object is to create a complete or partial vacuum in the syphonic
outlet of closet, simultaneously with the discharge of water in the flush box or
tank, so that the fetid matter may at once be withdrawn or "sucked" from w.c.,
latrine, trough, or to what it may be attached, and not dependent upon the driving
force of the flush of water from flush box. This I accomplish as follows.
In the tank or flush box C I construct a seperate compartment D (as indicated
by dotted lines) as large at the top of tank as it will conveniently allow. This
compartment altho. in communication with tank at bottom is hermetically sealed at
top. At or near the top of this compartment I attach a half-inch or any suitable
bore pipe (called the vacuum pipe F) and secure the other end to top of syphon-
outlet of pan or latrine at H so that as cistern fills, water rises in the compartment
or air chamber, the displaced air passing through the vacuum pipe F and belching
through the shallow trap of syphon outlet at I. Assuming the water is in the pan
or trap or the whole range of closets and all ready for use; the moment cistern is
set in action-either by a pull or by an automatic syphon or any other con-
trivance the water immediatley
66 'falls" in this seperate compartment or
air-chamber instantly causing the necessary vacuum by sucking the air from
syphon through the vacuum pipe F, syphonic action is at once set up and the fetid
matter precipitated into drain with great velocity and is not only dependent upon
the driving force of water from tank.
This air-chamber may be readily made by placing a cap over the vacuum pipe
when it is standing up in cistern as in Figure 11 the only care necessary being that
it is heavy enough, big enough and air-tight in the top portion. If not of
sufficient weight the compressed air will lift it instead of passing out through the
trap and if not large will not promptly create the necessary vacuum to perform
the operation properly.
The utility of this system will be at once seen to be the prompt withdrawal of
contents of basin or latrine and further, as the basin or latrine is emptied mainly
by suction a much larger volume of water can be allowed in the basin or latrine to
receive and deodorize the soil.
The syphonic outlet of closet is usually effected by connecting a lead or iron
trap to the earthenware arm of pan, it being absolutely necessary a perfect and
air-tight joint should be made here not likely to crack, break or become disarranged,
I accomplish this as follows:-
If as is usually the case it is a lead trap I have specially constructed iron or
brass rings as illustrated in Figure 14 at A. B. & C with an india-rubber ring D.
A is secured to the floor with screws. B is passed over the shoulder of A and the
lead arm of trap passed through and turned or "tapped" over the above mentioned
shoulder, all as represented in drawing. Ring C together with rubber-ring D is
passed on to arm of closet and the arm placed on to lead arm of trap. Rings B & C
are secured together with suitable bolts pressing the rubber ring firmly against
arm of pan & flat shoulder provided on ring A wedging the head trap and making
a perfect compact joint without being rigid which is its most important feature;
this joint being subject to more or less movement every time the pan is used.
If an iron pipe or trap is used I make a suitable modification as shewn at
Figure 15 which illustration will be readily understood.

page_text: Having now described the nature of my said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
I. The basin B as described and illustrated with its water area in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4
& 5 in conjunction with the waste water closet with or without the flushing slot
as illustrated at Fig. 5 at D.
II. The use of any suitable valve in conjunction with the waste water closet for the
purpose of retaining or stopping back the water to flush the basin at will as
described and illustrated in Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 13 either in a separate piece or
in one piece with the pan.
III. Any suitable valve F and syphon tank constructed as described and illustrated
in Figures 9 & 10 of which the said tank shall be set in motion by the lifting of
the valve as here set forth.
.
IV. The vacuum-chamber, cap, or any equivalent contrivance as described and
illustrated at D in Figures 11 & 12 the said chamber being in connection with the
syphonic outgo of closet as herewith set forth whether the connecting be long or
short.
V. The peculiar make, shape & combination of the connecting joints as herein
described & illustrated at A. B. C. D Figures 14 and 15 particularly the shoulder
on ring A in combination of the wedging of the lead on ring B.
Dated this 22nd day of December 1894.
Sigued by the said William Henry Bodin,
in the presence of
EDWARD OLIVER FELLOWS,
43, Foley. Street, Wednesbury.
WILLIAM HENRY BODIN.