IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRILLING, BORING, OR CUTTING ROCK OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Frederick Wynne, of Minera, near Wrexham, in
the County of Denbigh, Secretary to the Minera Mining Company, Limited,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
DRILLING, BORING, OR CUTTING ROCK OR OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Frederick Wynne at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th June 1881.
GEORGE FREDERICK WYNNE, of Minera, near Wrexham, in the County of
Denbigh, Secretary to the Minera Mining Company, Limited. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRILLING, BORING, OR CUTTING ROCK OR
OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates to a novel rock drilling or boring machine or apparatus
in which I employ a cylinder moving over a fixed piston in such a manner that
the said moving cylinder forms the hammer for striking the end of the drill.
A suitable arrangement for carrying out my Invention is as follows:-
In a cylinder of suitable length is fitted a piston on a suitable piston rod, the
upper end of the said rod passes through the cover of the cylinder and is bored
centrally, and communicates by suitable radial openings in the piston with an
annular space around the centre of the periphery of the piston; the other end of
the piston rod passes through the bottom of the cylinder and carries the stock for
holding the drill.
On the piston rod at a suitable distance from the cylinder cover
is fitted a circular chamber fastened to the pressure pipe by a union joint, and
communicating with the hollow piston rod, which turns round inside it by holes
drilled radially from the outside of the before mentioned hollow piston rod, and
serving for the admission of the compressed air or steam. The interior surface of
the cylinder is formed with a number of longitudinal recesses, which extend a
certain distance only from each end of the cylinder towards the middle thereof, and
a number of longitudinal recesses are also formed on a portion of the periphery of
the upper end of the piston rod, for the purpose hereinafter described.
By this construction and arrangement if the cylinder be in such position that
Price 1

page_text: the recesses in its lower end are in communication with the annular space around
the piston, and compressed air or steam be admitted through the hereinbefore
described inlet chamber, it will pass into the bottom or lower end of the cylinder,
and will force it down so as to strike the drill; and this movement of the cylinder
will bring the longitudinal recesses at its other end in communication with the
annular space around the piston, and thereby admit the air or steam into the top
end of the cylinder, so as to move or raise it in the opposite direction to that
hereinbefore described, and so on.
The exhaust takes place from the top end of the cylinder through the
herein before described recesses on the piston rod, and from the bottom end of the
cylinder through radial holes in the piston rod into a hole bored in the lower end
of the piston rod, and out into the air through suitable holes provided for the
purpose.
The drill is rotated by a handle on the top end of the piston rod, which is cut
with a screw thread working in a fixed nut.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Frederick Wynne in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th December 1881.
GEORGE FREDERICK WYNNE, of Minera, near Wrexham, in the County of
Denbigh, Secretary to the Minera Mining Company, Limited. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRILLING, BORING, OR CUTTING ROCK OR
OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates to a novel rock drilling or boring machine or apparatus, in
which I employ a double acting cylinder moving over a fixed piston, in such
a manner that the said cylinder forced forward by the pressure of the motive
fluid forms the baminer for striking the end of the drill, the force of the blow
depending on the pressure of the motive fluid and the weight of the cylinder.
A suitable arrangement for carrying out my Invention is as follows:-
In a cylinder of suitable length is fitted a piston on a suitable piston rod; the
upper end of the said rod passes through the cover of the cylinder and is bored
centrally, and communicates by suitable radial openings in the piston with an
annular space around the centre of the periphery of the piston; the other end of
the piston rod passes through the bottom of the cylinder and carries the stock for
holding the drill. On the piston rod at a suitable distance from the cylinder cover
is fitted a circular chamber fastened to the pressure pipe by a union joint, and
communicating with the hollow piston rod, which turns round inside it by holes
drilled radially from the outside of the before mentioned hollow piston rod, and
serving for the admission of the compressed air or steam. The interior surface of
the cylinder is formed with a number of longitudinal recesses, which extend a
certain distance only from each end of the cylinder towards the middle thereof,
and a number of longitudinal recesses are also formed on a portion of the periphery
of the upper end of the piston rod.
The drill is rotated by a handle fixed on the top end of the piston rod.
But to make my Invention better understood I will proceed to describe the same
by reference to the accompanying Drawing, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal
section of a rock drilling or boring machine constructed according to my Invention ;
Figure 2, a transverse section of same on the line Y, Z, of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a
longitudinal section of a modification of the arrangement; and Figure 4, a
transverse section of same on line X, Y, of Figure 3. Similar letters in all the
figures represent similar or corresponding parts.
K is the cylinder; P, the piston; Q, the piston rod, the upper end of which
passes through the cover of the cylinder, as shewn; the piston rod is bored out
centrally at C, and communicates by means of the radial openings C' in the
piston P with the annular space D around the piston; the other end of the piston
rod passes through the bottom of the cylinder and carries the stock J for holding
the drill; S is the circular chamber on the piston rod suitably connected with the
pressure pipe; B, B, are the radial holes in the piston rod so as to open communi-
cation between the chamber S and the central hole C of the piston rod as the rod
turns round inside the chamber; E, E, and F, F, are the longitudinal recesses in the
interior surface of the cylinder; L, L, are the longitudinal recesses on the periphery
of the piston rod forming the exhaust ports from the upper end of the cylinder;
G, G, are openings communicating with the hollow H in the piston rod for
exhausting the air from the lower end of the cylinder; T is the handle for rotating
the drill.
The action is as follows:-

page_text: and through the radial openings C¹ and annular space D of the piston P, whence it
will pass into the longitudinal recesses F and into the bottom end of the cylinder,
and will move the cylinder downwards, and the bottom of the cylinder will strike
the head U of the stock J and drive forward the drill; as soon as the longitudinal
recesses F have passed the annular space D the air will be cut off, and the
recesses E, E, will be brought over the annular space D; the air will then be
admitted into the upper end of the cylinder above the piston P, and the cylinder
will be moved upwards, and the annular space D will be again brought under
the recesses F, and the cylinder will be again moved downwards so as to strike the
stock, and so on.
The exhaust from the upper end of the cylinder takes place through the recesses L
on the piston rod, and from the bottom end of the cylinder through the holes G
into the hollow H of the piston rod, and out into the air through the small holes I.
These exhaust ports are so arranged that when the compressed air or other motive
fluid is passing into one end of the cylinder, it is exhausting through them from
the opposite end..
In the modification shewn in Figures 3 and 4 the piston rod (instead of passing
through the bottom of the cylinder, as in the arrangement shown in Figures 1
and 2), is connected to the stock by the two rods B', B¹, on which the cylinder K
slides.
The action is as follows:-The air is conveyed down the passage C into the
chamber D in the piston.
When the cylinder is moved in the direction of the stock, the chamber D is
brought into communication with the recess E in the cylinder, which causes the
latter to move in an opposite direction till the chamber D is brought into
communication with the recess F, and so on..
The exhaust takes place through the side of the cylinder at R, as it is alternately
uncovered by each end of the piston P.
With a drill constructed according to my Invention it will be seen that a hole
may be drilled vertically by a man simply holding the machine and rotating the
handle, whereas all other drills hitherto constructed have required to be fixed to a
suitable bar or stund.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the best means
with which I am acquainted for carrying the same into effect, I would have it
understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein laid down
and shewn in the Drawing, as the same may be varied without departing from
the peculiar character of my Invention, but what I do claim is,―
Firstly. The construction and employment of a double acting rock drill without
any separate distributing valve other than the piston itself, in which a cylinder is
moved over a fixed piston by the pressure of the motive fluid and forms the
hammer for striking the blow, the force of which depends on the pressure of the
motive fluid and the weight of the cylinder, substantially as herein before described
and represented in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawing, and by which
means holes may be bored without the drill being fixed to a stand.
Secondly. The modification of the arrangement herein before described and
represented in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Frederick Wynne, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.