IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK-NUTS FOR SCREW-BOLTS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention
56
of IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK-NUTS FOR SCREW-BOLTS." A communication
from abroad by William Henry Paige, of Springfield, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1882.
"
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCK-NUTS FOR SCREW
BOLTS." A communication from abroad by William Henry Paige, of Springfield,
Massachusetts, United States of America.
The object of this Invention is to provide a lock-nut which is cheap and effective
in its operation, which may be forged up complete by means of dies ready for the
market, and which requires no further operation to be performed upon it by
machinery after leaving the forging dies except the ordinary tapping for the bolt.
This object I accomplish by the means substantially as hereinafter described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Figure I. is a plan of a nut with my Invention applied thereto;
Figure II. is a similar view of a modification of the same.
and
Figure III. represents a side view of the nut and a central, vertical, or transverse
section of a washer to be used in connection therewith.
Figure IV. is a plan of the outer face of the nut as it appears when turned into
place on a bolt; and
Figure V. is a section through two pieces of wood at the axis of a bolt showing
the nut turned up to a bearing against a washer upon the said bolt.
A represents a nut which may have any desired number of sides, and has upon
one of its faces just outside the hole containing the thread a conical shaped fillet or
flange 1 of general circular form in plan; the inner diameter of this flange is the

page_text: same as the diameter of the hole through the nut, and is on the same plane, and
the exterior surface of the said flange is bevelled or inclined, as shewn clearly in
Figure 3, or is substantially of that form.
Any desired number of openings 2 may be made through this flange transversely,
the said openings extending from the top of the flange down or inward to the face
of the nut, the bottom of each of the said openings being upon the same plane as
the face of the nut upon which the flange is made, as shewn clearly in Figures I, II,
and III, or upon nearly the same plane. The ends of the flange at the openings 2
are preferably bevelled or inclined in the direction of the depth of the flange, as
shewn in the Drawing, the said openings being wider at the apex of the flange
than at its base; this form of opening is favorable to the die with which the
opening is forged as the said die will retain its shape, whereas a die to forge a
narrow opening with vertical sides would not retain its form, as the small pro-
jection would soon become heated and be beaten out of shape.
In order that the flange may make for itself a seat in the washer or other article
into which it is turned, I prefer in some cases to make the ends of the flange at
one side of each opening 2 slightly thicker than the adjacent end of the flange on
the opposite side of the same opening, as shewn clearly in Figure II, so that the
outside sharp corner at the thicker end of the flange shall project slightly further
from the centre of the hole in the nut than any other point in the flange. By this
construction when the nut is turned on to a bolt and up to a bearing, and as the
flange enters the washer, as shewn in Figure III, or the hole in the piece against
which it is to be turned, the sharp corners 4 of the flange will cut away the sharp
corner of the washer at the hole and form a countersink or seat for the said flange,
and as the nut is turned up firmly with more or less force each section 1 of the
flange will be forced inward against the bolt, and that portion of the thread in the
nut which is on the inside of the said flange will be made to gripe the thread of
the bolt with great force. When made in this manner the flange will always form
for itself a countersunk seat, particularly as in hot pressed nuts, the effect of the
forging is to give to the surface of the nut a certain amount of chill or hardness,
and as the openings 2 are forged the sharp corners are well adapted to countersink
the hole to a certain extent. In this construction of the sectional flanges wherein
the end of one section is thicker than the adjacent end of the next section, it will
be perceived that the perimeter of each section forms a portion of a volute, or is in
a spiral line with reference to the axis of the nut; and if desired this spiral form
of the sectional flanges may be reversed on the face of the nut, so that in turning a
nut upon a bolt the thinner end of each section shall be in advance, and when
turned up firmly with the sectional flanges in the clamping hole of the washer or
bearing the flanges will be firmly clamped in around the thread of the bolt, and
the sharp corners of the sections of the flange at their thicker end will have a
tendency to cut into the edge of the washer or bearing at the clamping hole, and
the nut be thereby prevented from turning off.
The flange being made upon or applied to the inner face of the nut, and the
latter being no thicker than any ordinary nut, it is evident that it is particularly
applicable to hexagon nuts having an outer finished face for use upon finished
work, and when turned on in place no evidence of any locking mechanism will
appear.
When turned on to a bearing the flange will be forced in against the bolt to
a degree quite sufficient to prevent the nut from being forced off by any jar, and
yet the thread of the bolt and of the nut also will remain uninjured, which is not
the case when many of the lock-nuts heretofore constructed are employed.
It will not be necessary to use the washer 3 in connection with the nut, except
when the said nut is to be used in wood work, as shewn in Figure V.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim the improvements in lock nuts, comprising,-
First. A sectional flange on one face, which flange has openings between its

page_text: sections whose inner surface is on the same plane as the bore of the nut, and whose
exterior surface is inclined, as shewn.
Second. The said sectional flange constructed with one end of each section
thicker than the adjacent end of the next section, or with the exterior of each
section excentric with reference to the centre of the nut, for the purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
W. ROB. LAKE, (L.S.)