IMPROVE- MENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING OR COVERING THE SIDES AND BOTTOMS OP SHIPS AND VESSELS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Aspland Gibbs, of 76, Milton Street, in
the City of London, Soap Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING OR COVERING THE SIDES AND BOTTOMS
OP SHIPS AND VESSELS."
Sealed the 11th February 1870, and dated the 13th August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Aspland Gibbs
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th August 1869.
I, DAVID ASPLAND GIBBS, of 76, Milton Street, in the City of
London, Soap Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING OR COVERING THE SIDES;
AND BOTTOMS OF SHIPS AND VESSELS," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in preparing compositions for coating or
covering the sides and bottoms of ships and vessels, whether constructed
of iron, or metal, or of timber, for the prevention of fouling, and of

page_text: corrosion when the ship or vessel is constructed of iron. To a mixture
of tallow or other greases or fatty matters with resin I add a saturated
solution of sulphur (in caustic or carbonated alkali or lime), in which
also copper has been previously dissolved, although the copper might be
omitted if thought desirable. The compositions are prepared by the
agency of heat or otherwise, and they are to be applied hot to the
ships and vessels by means of a brush.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Aspland Gibbs in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th February 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
ASPLAND GIBBS, of 76, Milton Street, in the City of London, Soap
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said David Aspland Gibbs, Her special licence,
that I, the said David Aspland Gibbs, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said David Aspland Gibbs, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for. "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING OR COVERING THE SIDES AND BOTTOMS
OF SHIPS AND VESSELS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said David Aspland Gibbs, my exccutors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Aspland Gibbs, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner. the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
These improvements consist in preparing compositions for coating or
covering the sides and bottoms of ships and vessels, whether constructed
of iron, or metal, or of timber, for the prevention of fouling, and the
prevention of corrosion when the ship or vessel is constructed of iron.
To a mixture of tallow or other greases or fatty matters with resin I
add a saturated solution of sulphur (in caustic or carbonated alkali or
lime), in which copper has also been previously dissolved, although the
copper might be omitted if thought desirable. The compositions are
prepared by the agency of heat or otherwise, and they are to be applied
hot to the ships and vessels by means of a brush or other suitable
instrument or apparatus.
Composition No. 1.-The complete composition is prepared by taking
sulphur, such as is known in commerce under that term, in the pro-
portion of seventeen pounds avoirdupois to fifty-two pounds avoirdupois
of potash leys of thirty-five degrees strength, and one pound avoirdupois
of pieces or plates of copper, which are all mixed together in a vessel
heated by steam or otherwise, the heat being kept up until the sulphur
and copper are thoroughly dissolved. In another vessel heated in like
manner as aforesaid I mix tallow in the proportion of seven hundred-
weights and a half avoirdupois to one hundredweight and a quarter
avoirdupois of rosin or rosin oil, and the heat is to be kept up until
the mixture is well liquified. The two mixtures thus separately prepared
are to be mixed together and thoroughly amalgamated, which I prefer
to effect by agitating the combined mass during the process of mixing by
means of stirrers or stirring apparatus.
Composition No. 2.-The composition in which the copper is dispensed
with is prepared in a similar manner to the above, except that no copper
is used. Instead of tallow other greases may be used, and instead of
potash leys other alkali or lime might be used; further, it is obvious that
the relative proportions of each and every of the substances above named
may be varied if necessary, and it may not be absolutely necessary to
pursue exactly the same process in regard to the method of mixing
the various substances. herein named.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or put
in practice, I hereby declare that I claim, the use of the composition and

page_text: consisting in the combination of the different substances herein named,
as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Aspland Gibbs, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
Witness,
JAMES C. DUNCAN,
21, Cockspur Street,
London.
D. A. GIBBS.
(L.S.)