IMPROVEMENTS IN 'INJECTORS' OR FEED APPARATUS FOR STEAM GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE RAISING AND FORCING OF LIQUIDS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arnold Budenberg, of the Firm of Schaeffer and
Budenberg, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN 'INJECTORS' OR FEED APPARATUS FOR
STEAM GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE RAISING AND FORCING OF
LIQUIDS." A communication from abroad by Heinrich Mühlrad, of
Königshütte, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
Sealed the 28th April 1871, and dated the 22nd February 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arnold Budenberg at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd February 1871.
I, ARNOLD BUDENBERG, of the Firm of Schaeffer and Budenberg, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS OR FEED APPARATUS
FOR STEAM GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE RAISING AND FORCING OF
LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to injectors employed in the feeding of boilers
and in the raising of liquids, and has for its object to simplify the

page_text: construction of the said injectors, and at the same time to increase their
efficiency.
To avoid repetition I will herein-after describe the improved injectors
as employed in the feeding of boilers, but it will be understood that they
may be otherwise used in the raising and forcing of liquids.
In one
form the improved injector is fitted with a steam or injecting nozzic,
and with a nozzle through which the water is injected, hercin-after
styled the water nozzle. The said injector is also fitted or provided
with a stop valve by means of which the supply of steam is regulated,
and with a back pressure valve, and also with an air chamber situated ]
between the said water nozzle and the said back pressure valve. The
water enters the injector through a pipe or inlet, and is forced by the
action of the steam jet into the aforesaid air chamber until the pressure
within the said chamber exceeds the pressure within the boiler, and
water continuing to be forced into the said chamber the aforesaid back
pressure valve will be raised or opened, and water will enter the boiler.
When the water has to be raised to the injector steam is first blown
through the said air chamber, for which purpose a blow-through cock
is provided. On the said cock and the steam valve being closed the
steam within the chamber condenses, and the water rises in the inlet!
pipe and enters the said chamber, and will be sustained therein at the
same level so long as air is not admitted to the said chamber. The
steam valve may then be opened, the action being as aforesaid.
In another form of injector the overflow, that is to say, the portion
of the stream of water put in motion which is in excess of the portion:
which actually flows through the water nozzle into the boiler, flows into
a passage or chamber styled a regulating chamber, from whence it flows
into the inlet water passage, and being mixed with the inflowing stream
of cold or fresh water it is again brought under the action of the
steam jet. In some cases the said regulating chamber is fitted with a
perforated diaphragm.
In a modification of this part of the Invention the inlet passago for
water is contracted in area at a point between the steam jet and the
opening through which tho said inlet communicates with tho said
chamber, the area of the said contracted part being preferably made
suitable for the average power of the steam jet. In case the said steam
jet has not the average power for which the said aperture has been

page_text: arranged the excess of the water flowing through the said contracted
part is returned through the regulating chamber as aforesaid; but, on
the contrary, if the power of the said steam jet is in excess of the said
average power a greater quantity of water than the said contracted part
allows to pass is required, and a portion of water flows through the
regulating chamber towards the water nozzle, that is, towards the part
where the overflow would be situated in ordinary injectors, and is
injected along with the portion flowing through the said contracted part.
In all the aforesaid examples the ordinary overflow or waste pipe is not
employed, and the water supply is made to be self-regulating.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Arnold Budenberg in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd August 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARNOLD
BUDENBERG, of the Firm of Schaeffer and Budenberg, of Manchester, in
thic County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Arnold Budenberg, Her special license
that I, the said Arnold Budenberg, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Arnold Budenberg, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should-at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN INJECTORS
OR FEED APPARATUS FOR STEAM GENERATORS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE RAISING
AND FORCING OF LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Arnold Budenberg, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and.
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six

page_text: calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arnold Budenberg, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to
say:
The Invention relates more particularly to injectors of the Giffard
type, and has for its object to simplify the construction of the said
injectors, and at the same time to increase their efficiency.
In one form the improved injector adapted to lift its water the said
injector is fitted with a steam or injecting nozzle, and with a nozzlu
through which the water is injected, and is also fitted or provided with
a back pressure valve and with a stop valve, by means of which the
supply of steam is regulated. An air chamber is situated between the
said water nozzle and the said back pressure valve. The water enters
the injector through a pipe or inlet, and is forced by the action of the
steam jet into the aforesaid air chamber until the pressure within the
said chamber exceeds the pressure within the boiler, and water con-
tinuing to be forced into the said chamber the aforesaid back pressure
valve will be raised or opened, and water will enter the boiler.
In another form of injector the overflow, that is to say, the portion of
the stream of water put in motion which is in excess of the portion
that actually flows through the water nozzle into the boiler, flows into
a passage or chamber styled the regulating chamber, from whence it
flows into the inlet water passage, and being mixed with the inflowing
stream of cold or fresh water it is again brought under the action of the
steam jet. In some cases the said regulating chamber is fitted with a
perforated diaphragm, and the inlet passage for water is contracted in
area at a point between the steam jet and the opening through which
the said inlet communicates with the said chamber.
In order that the Invention may be fully understood I will in this
place refer to the accompanying Drawings, wherein Fig. 1 represents
a cross section of an injector of the form first herein-before described
drawn about one-fourth of the full size. In this example a is the said
air chamber, 6 is the stop or steam valve, and c is the back pressure

page_text: valve. The body of the injector is or may be formed of cast iron,
and is suitably prepared to receive the said valves, and is fitted with a
steam nozzle & and a water or converging nozzle e, the said nozzles being
preferably formed of gun metal. A branch f, through which water
enters the injector, is formed on the body of the said injector, and an
air cock g is fixed on the upper part of the air chamber.
The action of the injector when the water has to bee raised to it is as
follows: The cock 7 and the steam valve & having been opened steam
will flow into the air chamber a, air being discharged through the said
cock. The said cock and steam valve having been closed the steam
will condense in the air chamber and water will rise in the inlet pipe f¹,
and entering the said chamber will partly occupy the space in the
interior thercof. The steam valve being now opened additional water
will be injected through the nozzle e¹, and will flow into the chamber
until the pressure therein exceeds the pressure within the boiler, when
the valve c will be raised and water will be injected through the pipe h
into the boiler. The operation of raising the water by the condensation
of steam has not to be repeated each time the injection of water into
the boiler is required. If the water is capable of flowing into the air
chamber by its own gravity it is only necessary to open the steam valve
when it is required to inject water into the boiler. It will be seen that
the injector is very simple in construction, as only two nozzles are
required, and adjustment thereof is not necessary, and that the ordinary
overflow pipe is dispensed with, thereby preventing the usual waste of
water, and also that the spindle fitted to ordinary injectors capable of
lifting water is not required.
A modified form of the above-described injector adapted to work in a
vertical position is represented at Fig. 2. In this case the air chamber a¹
consists of an enlargement of the body or shell of the injector, and
surrounds the inner tube A, through which the water flows to the
back pressure valve C, the water entering at fand the steam at 6'. The
nozzles may be similar to those shewn in Fig. 1, but in the present
example a perforated nozzlo is represented, the action of which will be
described herein-after.
Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 a cross section of
the second form of injector. In this example i is the inlet for steam,
jis the inlet for water, and is the exit for water, the steam and back

page_text: pressure valves not being represented. The body of the injector is or
may be formed of cast iron, and is cast with a regulating chamber 7,
which is in communication by a passage at m with the inlet passage j',
and by the passagen with the overflow passage o. Three nozzles are
fitted to this injector, namely, a steami nozzle p, a converging nozzle q,
and a receiving nozzle r, corresponding to the three nozzles as hitherto
employed in well-known forms of injectors not adapted for lifting water.
The necessity for adjusting the influx of water is dispensed with, the
space for the entry of water into the nozzle y being made suitable to
the average pressure of the steam. If there be air in the injector the
apparatus is charged by blowing steam through the injector and the inlet
pipe into the water tank or source of supply. The steam valve having
been closed the water will enter and occupy the interior of the injector.
The steam valve is again opened and the water is put into circulation,
flowing through the nozzle q, the overflow apertures, and the regu-
lating chamber in the direction of the arrows, and re-entering the inlet
passage, the velocity of the current increasing until the pressure duc
to the said velocity is sufficient to raise the back pressure valve, when
the water will enter the boiler. In the case of the injector working
with steam of the average pressure, for which the space for the entry of
water has been arranged as aforesaid, the whole of the water flowing
through such space will be injected into the boiler, but in the case of
the pressure decreasing the excess of water will overflow, and will return
through the chamber to the inlet passage; and in the case of the
pressure exceeding the said average the deficiency in the flow of water
will be made up by water which will flow from the said chamber
through the passage n and through the overflow apertures, or the space
between the nozzles and 2.
1
Figs. 5 and 6 illustrato a modification in the last-described form of
injector, and the arrangement which would be adopted when applying
the regulating chamber to an ordinary injector having an overflow
passage. In this example the regulating chamber is separately formed,
and is bolted or attached to the water inlet branch and the overflow
branch of the injector. A perforated partitions is employed to
regulate the circulation of the water by causing the cold water to be
11.
STIL

page_text: aperture capable of passing a quantity of water suitable to the average
pressure of the steam, as mentioned when referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the
action of this injector being the same as that of the one represented in
the said Figs.
q
Fig. 7 represents a further modification which renders the injector
more compact in form than the two examples last described. In this
example the regulating chamber is formed by an enlargement of the
passage or chamber in which the nozzles are fitted. Two nozzles only
are employed in this case, but the nozzle corresponds to the two
nozzles and r, the central perforated portion of the nozzle «<, marked 2,
corresponding to the open space or spaces between the said nozzles.
The steam nozzle p is screwed into or otherwise attached to the end of
the nozzle u. Apertures 3 are formed for the inflow of water, or smaller
apertures may be formed throughout the part of the nozzle extending
from the steam nozzle to the central perforated part, as represented in
Fig. 2. A cock is provided at 20 for the discharge of air. When the
injector is full of water and the steam valve is opened the water entering
at 3, or a portion of it, is injected into the boiler, any excess of water
above what can be injected flowing through the apertures at 2, and
returning combines with the water flowing towards the inlet apertures.
If the jet of steam has not sufficient power to cause the back pressure
valve to open the water will simply circulate in the chamber until it
becomes heated. The supply of steam being then increased the steam
will blow through the chamber and through the water inlet pipe into
the tender or tank, whereby the water in the said tender or tank may be
warmed by means of spare steam. The heated water may be discharged
from the chamber when the injector is to be used for feeding the
boiler by opening the cock at 10. If preferred the injector shewn at
Figs. 3 to 6 may be fitted with air cocks answering the same purpose
as the cock at w in Fig. 7.
To avoid repitition I have only described the injector as being
employed to inject water into boilers, but it must be understood that
the said injectors may be otherwise used in the raising and forcing of
liquids.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and methods
of carrying the same into practical effect, I would in conclusion have
it to be understood that I do not claim the nozzles represented in

page_text: Figs. 3 and 5, excepting when employed in injectors constructed and
acting as herein-before described; but that I desire to claim the manu-
facture and use of injectors constructed and acting substantially as
herein-before described, set forth, and indicated, and as illustrated by
he accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arnold Budenberg, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.