Improvements in Fluid Pressure Engines for Operating Capstans, or for other purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fluid Pressure Engines for Operating Capstans, or
for other purposes.
I JOHN DOBSON WARDALE of Redheugh Engine Works, Gateshead-on-Tyne
in the County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
My invention has for its object to provide a compact and efficient arrangement
of engine which is especially adapted to operating capstans by hydraulic power but is
not limited to that purpose.
According to my invention the motive power cylinders of the engine are arranged
in two pairs the cylinders of each pair being situated back to back of each other.
Each cylinder contains a ram and the ram of the hinder cylinder of each pair is
connected to the ram of the forward cylinder of each pair by links or otherwise.
The rams of each pair of cylinders thus coupled up are connected by connecting
rods to the crank shaft the two connecting rods being connected to cranks set at
right angles to each other. The valves may be operated by excentrics from the
crank shaft.
The cylinders and valve chests may all be cast together or they may be formed
separately or in pairs to be afterwards bolted or otherwise secured together.
Dated the 22nd day of April 1891.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Fluid Pressure Engines for Operating Capstans, or
for other purposes.
I JOHN DOBSON WARDALE of Redheugh Engine Works Gateshead-on-Tyne
in the County of Durham Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object to provide a compact and efficient arrangement of
engine which is especially adapted to operating capstans by hydraulic power but is
not limited to that purpose.
According to my invention the motive power cylinders of the engine are arranged
in two pairs the cylinders of each pair being situated back to back of each other.
Each cylinder contains a ram and the ram of the hinder cylinder of each pair is
connected to the ram of the forward cylinder of each pair by links or otherwise.
The rams of each pair of cylinders thus coupled up are connected by connecting
rods to the crank shaft the two connecting rods being connected to cranks set at or
about right angles to each other. The valves may be operated by excentrics from
the crank shaft.
The cylinders and valve chests may all be cast together or they may be formed
separately or in pairs to be afterwards bolted or otherwise secured together.
And in order that my said invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheets of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a fluid pressure engine constructed according to
my invention shewn as applied for operating a capstan,

page_text: Figure 2 is a plan and Figure 3 an end view of the same.
Figures 4. 5 and 6 are views of the cylinders and valve box drawn to an enlarged
scale Figure 4 shewing one pair of the cylinders partly in elevation and partly in
longitudinal section taken along the line 1-2 in Figure 5:
Figure 5 is a transverse section through both pairs of cylinders the left hand side
being a section on the line 3-4 Figure 4 and the right hand side being a section
on the line 5-6 Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a plan shewing the position of the valve box and the arrangement of
the ports or passages for the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid.
I have shewn the engine as being enclosed in a casing A constituting the base on
which the capstan or winding drum B rotates but it is obvious that this casing may
be dispensed with and the cylinders be secured to other suitable supports if desired.
C C¹D D' are two pairs of cylinders bolted to the casing A the cylinders of each
pair being arranged back to back. The four cylinders are shewn in the drawing as
being cast together but they may be cast separately or in pairs and be bolted
together if desired. Each cylinder contains a ram the ram E in the cylinder C
being connected by rods G to the ram E' in the cylinder C¹ and the ram F in the
cylinder D being connected by rods G¹ to the ram F¹ in the cylinder D' and the
arms E' and F' are respectively connected by rods H H¹ to cranks II' set at right
angles to each other on the driving or crank shaft K which carries the capstan or
winding drum B. L is the motive fluid supply pipe provided with a valve at M
for governing the admission of the motive fluid to the valve box N and also with a
stop cock at L' for cutting off the supply of motive fluid to the valve M when
desired. In the drawing I have shewn the valve M connected to a lever Q so as
to be capable of being operated by the foot of the attendant the said lever being
fulcrumed to a link R and provided at one end with a weight S tending to maintain
the valve M closed the opposite end of the lever being connected to a rod T which
extends upwards through an opening in the casing A and conveniently positioned
for the attendant to depress by his foot and thereby open the valve M when he
desires to start the engine. When the valve M is opened motive fluid is admitted
to the valve box N containing reversing valves N¹N (see Figure 5) for governing
the ports for the admission and exit of the motive fluid to and from the
cylinders C C D D'. The valves are operated by excentrics W W₁ on the crank
shaft. K the rods of these excentrics being connected to levers V V₁ fulcrumed at v
to a bracket V' the opposite ends of the said levers being respectively connected
by rods U to the valves N¹ N'. The exhaust ports X for the motive fluid from
the cylinders lead from the box N into one main exhaust pipe or passage X³.
The motive fluid is admitted by the valves N¹ N' to the back ends of the
cylinders through the port O O' P P so as to act on one of the rams of each pair
of cylinders alternately motive fluid is also admitted by pipes Y direct from the
supply pipe L to the front ends of the cylinder to act as a cushion to prevent
unequal motions of the rams when subjected to unequal or varying strains or
should the rope slip on the capstan B when at work.
Instead of connecting the rams of each pair of cylinders together and to the same
crank as hereinbefore described each ram may be connected to a separate crank on
the shaft each crank being set at the desired angles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. For operating capstans and for other purposes a motive fluid engine having
two pairs of cylinders containing rams the cylinders of each part being arranged
back to back of each other and the rams of each pair being connected together and
to a crank set at or about a right angle to the crank to which the rams of the other
pair of cylinders are connected substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. For operating capstans and for other purposes a motive fluid engine having
cylinders containing rams the said cylinders being arranged back to back in pairs

page_text: and means for admitting the motive fluid to the back ends of the cylinders so as to
operate on each ram of a pair alternately substantially as herein before described.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting an improved motive
fluid engine for operating capstans and for other purposes substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of November 1891
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.