Brick and Tiles from Plastic Materials.
Year: 1885

page_text: Brick and Tiles from Plastic Materials.
I JOHN JAMES ALLEN of Newmarket Street Skipton in the County of York,
Brick and Tile Works Manager do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICK
AND TILES FROM PLASTIC MATERIALS to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to produce brick and tiles of a more uniformly
solid character than hitherto, and with less power and less obstruction than obtains
with machinery at present in use.
My Improvements refer in the first place to the construction of the case into
which the clay is fed for the purpose of being acted on by rotating knives.
I make this case conical throughout its whole length, and along that part where
the expelling screw works, I provide projecting ribs, which prevent the clay or
other material being rotated with the screw, thereby facilitating the expulsion
of the clay.
"
Secondly to the construction of the outlet from the aforesaid case. In order to
lessen the adhesion of the material to the sides, I surround the outlet with a steam
jacket. This heats the material so that it passes through the dies with less
resistance; and as the bricks and tiles thus formed are hot, they can be at once
laid on a hot drying floor, a considerable saving of time resulting therefrom.
The outlet is further provided with a recessed door or cover, swung or hinged to
the outlet casting or steam jacket. This opening in the cover is preferably so
shaped that the clay is compressed at the centre, and out towards the sides,
rendering the material which passes through the die much more uniform. The
condensed water from the steam jacket is employed for lubricating the clay when
passing through the outlet, hinged door and the die plate, thereby facilitating the
egress of the clay. When desired the outlet, hinged door and die can be cleared of
clay etc by blowing steam through the condensed water pipe.
In the last place my Improvements refer to the means of taking up the end
thrust of the shaft or axis of the machine. For this purpose the friction plates
against which the end of the shaft bears, is supported lengthways (i e. parallel to
the shaft) by a couple of safety bolts. These are of such a section, that they
will give way when the machine is excessively strained by irregular feeding or
from other causes.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery Employed in the Manufacture of
of Bricks and Tiles from Plastic Materials.
JOHN JAMES ALLEN 13 Newmarket Street, Skipton, Manager of Brick and Tile
Works, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE MANUFACTUREe of
BRICKS AND TILES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
1st The machine is self contained on its own feet and bedplate and requires
very little fixing.
2nd It has large bearing surface to main shaft is extra strong and easy of access
to all working parts.
3rd The machine is conical shaped throughout which causes the material to be
pressed into a close dense substance before reaching the forming die.
4th The endthrust is taken up by two 1" safety bolts and by this arrangement
it is impossible to break the machine as in case of improper feeding &c one or
both of these bolts would collapse and which could easily be renewed at a
small cost.
5th The machine is provided with a conical steam jacketted mouthpiece; by this
arrangement the bricks can be made hot before they reach the finishing die and
will stand drying on flues or floor plates and make a sound uniform brick
throughout, and also save considerable time in drying and likewise power in
driving the machine.
6th The front of the mouthpiece is provided with a swing forming die which is
provided with a lubricating chamber. The construction of this forming die causes
the pressure to be uniform throughout the brick and faciliates the sliding of the
material in the corners.
The lubrication acts as follows viz:-by closing tap A, and opening tap B, the
condensed water is conveyed from the mouthpiece and is used for lubrication in
the forming die; and by opening tap C, and closing tap B pure steam is conveyed
to the forming die and by this arrangement the finishing die can be instantly
cleaned out without stopping the machine.
7th The forming chamber or die is provided with strap bars for holding the
finishing die in its place. By this arrangement the finishing die can be regulated
to any required position. I case the web does not travel straight it can be made
to do so without stopping the machine.
8th The machine is provided with a large hopper at the wide end of the conical
cylinder; the material being put into the machine here, comes into contract with
10 strong cast iron knives which are self keyed on to the shaft; each knife being
shorter nearest the mouthpiece causes the material to be pressed so much closer
together before it reaches the expressing screw; the cylinder being ribbed where
the conical expressing screw works the material cannot slip round with the screw,
but must go forward. Tiles can be made by taking one of the safety pins out
of the mouthpiece and changing the die.
9

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I. declare that what
I claim is:
1st The conical steam jacketted mouthpiece.
2nd Lubricated forming die provided with strap bars for holding the finishing
die in any required position, together with valves and taps.
3rd The two safety bolts for endthrust which will give way in case of improper
feeding of the machine and thus avoid breakage of gear.
Dan of Tinn 1000