IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD. OF AND APPARATUS FOR CHILLING CAST-IRON GRATE BARS OR OTHER CASTINGS WHERE SIMILAR HARD FACES ARE REQUIRED
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Knowles, James Pickup, and Isaac Halstead, of
Globe Foundry, Manningham, near Bradford, in the County of York, Iron-
founders, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD. OF AND
APPARATUS FOR CHILLING CAST-IRON GRATE BARS OR OTHER CASTINGS WHERE
SIMILAR HARD FACES ARE REQUIRED."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Knowles, James
Pickup, and Isaac Halstead at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 2nd October 1877.
"
JOHN KNOWLES, JAMES PICKUP, and ISAAC HALSTEAD, of Globe Foundry, Man-
ningham, near Bradford, in the County of York, Ironfounders. IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CHILLING CAST-IRON GRATE BAKS OR OTHER
CASTINGS WHERE SIMILAR HARD FACES ARE REQUIRED."
The object of our Invention is to chill the faces of fire-bars that are exposed to
the action of the fire, to a greater depth, and to make the faces harder and straight
than can be accomplished by the methods now in common use.
We accomplish our improvements in the following manner:-The grate bar or
other casting required to be chilled is moulded in the usual manner on a board or
plate; when the moulding box is filled with sand, the box is. rolled over.
The top
box is formed of a thin plate, the face of which is planed straight; the back of
this plate is flanged at the sides and ends, and thus forms a dish; the planed face of
this plate is greased with tallow or other fatty substance, and placed upon the top
of the bottom box, and secured thereon, and thus forms the top box. By the use of
this plate, a great saving of labour is effected by dispensing with the necessity of
ramming up the top box with sand. When this said plate is secured on the bottom
box, the dish is filled with water; and when the molten metal is poured into the
IPrice 6d 1

page_text: mould, and comes into contact with the greased surface of the planed cover plate or
top box, the metal is almost instantly chilled, and the water in the dish prevents
the same from warping or cracking, and extracts and conveys away into the air the
heat from the flat portion of the grate bar or other casting that is in contact with the
plate, by which means the faces that are exposed to the plate are chilied quite hard,
and rendered more durable, and will resist the action of the fire much longer than
the common castings.
These
Our Invention can also be accomplished with another or modified kind of box or
cover, which is formed hollow, or by bolting together two of the before-described
dishes. When using a box or cover plate of this description, it is placed at the
bottom, and the box containing the mould is placed on the greased planed face of
the said bottom box or cover plate, and secured thereon; this hollow box or cover
plate is filled with water, and is fitted with a pipe attached to each end.
pipes stand upright at or near a level or above the top of the box containing the
mould. When the molten metal is poured into the mould, the water in the box
extracts the heat from the face of the casting, and the steam passes into the air up
the before-named pipes, and thus the casting is chilled in the manner before
described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Knowles, James Pickup, and Isaac Halstead in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 1st April 1878.
JOHN KNOWLES, JAMES PICKUP, and ISAAC HALSTEAD, of Globe Foundry, Man-
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
ningham, near Bradford, in the County of York, Ironfounders.
THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CHILLING CAST-IRON GRATE BARS OR OTHER
CASTINGS WHERE SIMILAR HARD FACES ARE REQUIRED."
The object of our Invention is to chill the faces of fire-bars or the parts that are
exposed to the action of the fire, to a greater depth, and to make the faces harder
and straighter than can be accomplished by the methods now in common use.
We accomplish our improvements in the following manner :-The grate bars or
other castings that require one face to be chilled, is moulded on a board or plate in
the usual manner; when the moulding box is filled and rammed with sand, and
the box rolled over ready for the top box, which is formed by a thin metal plate, the
face of which is planed straight, the back of this plate is flanged at the ends and
sides, and thus forms a dish. The planed surface of this plate is greased with tallow
or other fatty substance, and placed upon the top of the bottom box, and secured
thereon, and thus forms the top box. By the use of this plate a great saving in
labour is effected by dispensing with the necessity of ramming up the top box with
sand. When the plate which forms the top box is secured on the bottom box, the
dish in the back of the plate is filled with water, and when the molten metal is
poured into the mould, and comes in contact with the greased surface of the cover
plate or top box, the metal is almost instantly chilled; the water in the dish
prevents the same from warping or cracking, and the extracts and conveys away into

page_text: the air the heat from the cover plate and flat portion of the grate bar or other
casting that is in contact with the greased surface of the plate, by which means the
face of the casting exposed to the plate is chilled quite hard, rendered more durable,
and will resist the action of the fire much longer than the common casting.
Our Invention can also be accomplished with another or modified kind of box or
cover, which is formed hollow, or by bolting together two of the before-described
dishes. When using a box or cover plate of this description, it is placed at the
bottom with the greased face upwards, and the box containing the mould is secured
thereon, and thus forms the top box. This hollow box or cover plate is filled with
water, and to each end of the box a pipe is attached, which stands upright at or
near a level or above the top of the box containing the mould, or at any desired
angle, when the molten metal is poured into the mould, the water in the box extracts
the heat from the face of the casting, and the steam passes into the air through the
before-named pipes, and thus the casting is chilled as before described.
Our Invention is also applicable for making castings of various descriptions,
which require to be chilled or made hard, for example, chain grate bars; these are
made with two metal boxes, which when bolted together have a cavity in the
interior the same section as the casting required. The outside of these boxes are
formed into a dish, and filled with water. When the molten metal is poured into the
mould, the water in the dishes surrounding the boxes extracts the heat from the
metal, and chills the same, as before described.
Rolls for rolling bar iron, callender rollers, wheel tyres, palisades, or other
castings requiring hard surfaces, and articles made of cast steel can be made by our
improved method in boxes bolted together and surrounded by a dish of water, as
before described.
In order that our Invention may be more clearly understood, we have appended
Drawings which illustrate the same.
Similar letters have reference to similar parts.
Figure 1 represents the plan of the cover plate or top box; the flat surface
indicated by the letter A is planed, and is greased before it is secured to the
bottom box containing the mould. Holes B at each end of the plate are for the
purpose of forming the gate and vent hole to the mould, through which the moulten
metal passes to the mould, and the gas formed therein passes off through the vent;
E are snugs cast on the sides of the cover plates for securing the same to the
bottom box; Figure 2 is a transverse section of Figure 1 through line C, D, which
shews the flanges F forming the dish at back of cover plate A.
Figure 3 represents the side elevation of a modified kind of box or cover plate,
which is used as the bottom box, and is filled with water; the pipes G and G'
communicate with the interior of the box, and convey the stream away out of the
interior when the molten metal is poured into the mould; or one of these pipes can
be attached to a pump or cistern, and thus a constant stream of water can be run
through the box and keep the same cool.
Figure 4 is a section through Figure 3 in line C, D.
Figure 5 is a side elevation, shewing the interior of a
of the ordinary section.
box for making grate bars
Figure 6 is a plan, shewing the boxes together. By making boxes of this
description we are enabled to chill the castings on all sides, the face H is planed
true, and a recess J is formed in one or both boxes to the section required; K is
the gate to the mould, and L, L, are the vents. The boxes are put together by means
of a hinged joint Mat one end, and secured to the other by the snugs N; the out-
side of the boxes are formed into a dish or trough P, which are filled with water,
so that when the metal is poured through the gate K into the mould, the water
contained in the dish or trough P will chill the sides of the casting, as before
described.
Figure 7 is a transverse section through Figure 6.
Figure 8 shews the interior of a box for making chain grate bars. This box is
hinged, and the dish or trough formed on the outside of the boxes, as before

page_text: described, in order to core out the holes in the grate bar. When the boxes are put
together, a bar slightly taper is put through each of the holes S, and when the
grate bar is cast the taper bars are withdrawn, and the grate bar is chilled on all
sides.
'
Having thus described our said Invention and the manner in which the same is
or may be carried into effect, we have to state that we do not restrict ourselves to the
precise details herein described and delineated, but that what we believe to be novel
and original, and claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent is, the application of a metal plate to the side or sides of the
casting to be chilled; this metal plate is surrounded by a dish of water, which extracts
and conveys the heat from the castings, substantially as herein-before described, and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Pickup, for and on behalf of myself and
the said John Knowles and Isaac Halstead, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, the
day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
aight hundred and seventy-eight.
Signed and sealed by the
said James Pickup in the
presence of
JOHN WAUGH,
29, Tyrrel Street,
Bradford.
JAMES PICKUP. (L.S.)