A NEW METHOD OF EXTRACTING FROM FUEL A GREATER QUANTITY OF CALORIC THAN HATH HITHERTO BEEN ACQUIRED, AND APPLYING IT TO THE PURPOSE OF WARMING THE ROOM IN WHICH THE OPERATION IS CONDUCTED, AND ALSO OTHER ROOMS, BY ONE SINGLE FIRE
Year: 1815

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
FREDERIC Marquis DE CHABANNES, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
did, by His Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the
Sixteenth day of January, in the fifty-fifth year of His reign, give and grant
unto me, the said Jean Frederic Marquis de Chabannes, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege, and
authority, that I, the said Jean Frederic Marquis de Chabannes, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend my Invention of "A NEW
METHOD OF EXTRACTING FROM FUEL A GREATER QUANTITY OF CALORIC THAN HATH
HITHERTO BEEN ACQUIRED, AND APPLYING IT TO THE PURPOSE OF WARMING THE
ROOM IN WHICH THE OPERATION IS CONDUCTED, AND ALSO OTHER ROOMS, BY ONE SINGLE
FIRE," within that part of the said United Kingdom called England, the
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, and the Colonies and
Plantations abroad, in such manner as to me, the said Jean Frederic Marquis
de Chabannes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should in our
discretion seem meet; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that if I, the said Jean Frederic Marquis de Chabannes, should not parti-
cularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High

page_text: Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Jean Frederic Marquis de Chabannes, do hereby declare that my said Invention
consists of three principles, which may be employed either united or separately:
The first principle is the surrounding (either wholly or in part) an open fire-
place or fire-places of any description with hollow air pipes of metal, earth, or
any other substance or material applicable to the purpose, made in any form and
placed in any direction so that the heat and smoke may act on a great surface.
The second principle is the burning all or chief part of the smoke by causing
it to pass thro' the fire as it proceeds from the coals as they coke in the
box (shewn in Fig. 1), which in its passage thro' the fire becomes con-
verted into flame. The third principle is retaining the heat or preventing
its ascending with too much rapidity by multiplying the air pipes and placing
them so as to attract all the heat before it reaches the top of the chimney, by
which means and by the use of valves, shutters, or dampers, as hereafter
described, all the rooms up to and including the attics or any separate room
or rooms may be heated according to the wish or desire of the parties.
The annexed Drawing and the following explanation of the different parts
will tend more fully to explain my Invention:-Fig. 1 represents a calorifere
fumivore applicable to the warming of a single room, in which A is the box
which contains the coals or other fuel, which are put therein by taking off the
cover F, which should be made to fit air-tight; b, the fire box, made of cast
iron or other suitable metal or material; C, C, pipes of cast iron, earth, or other
metal or material applicable to the purpose, which are open at each end and
surround the fire box. The flame escapes at the opening d, d, and passing
round the pipes to get to the flue heats the air as it goes thro' them.
e represents an opening to admit the atmospheric air, and for lighting the fire.
The square Figure circumflexed to the above represents the bottom of the above-
described Figure, in which the letters represent the openings of the air pipes C;
b, the grating at the bottom of the fire box; and d, the openings for the flame
to escape. Figure 2 represents a calorifere fumivore adapted to the heating of
several rooms. The fire-place A is placed in the kitchen or lowest room
intended to be warmed by it, and its flue runs to the top of the house or highest
room intended to be warmed, and in the fire-place in each room intended to
be warmed is to be placed a box of air pipes communicating with the principal
flue; or if stoves are already fixed in the fire-places, and it is not wished to
derange them, a box of air pipes may be placed on one side of the fire-place, as

page_text: represented in Fig. 3 and 4, or on both sides, and made to communicate
with the principal flue by two elbows B, B, between which elbows in the flue
is placed a damper or valve C to prevent the heat ascending the flue, by
which means it enters the box at the bottom elbow, and after passing round the
pipes it goes out at the top elbow into the flue. If it is intended to warm an
upper room, and not the room or rooms under it, by opening the damper or
valve the heat will ascend to the upper room. The damper or valve may be
opened by a handle, as shewn in Fig. 4, or by a register or any other
means that may be agreeable. The boxes of air pipes may be concealed by any
ornamental work that may be agreeable to fancy, care being taken that sufficient
room is left at the bottom for the cold air to enter, and at the top for the warm
or heated air to escape into the room, and in such covering there should be left
openings with doors, shutters, or covers, for the purpose of being able to clean
out the dust or other matter that may form round the pipes and obstruct the
passage of the hot air round them; four covers for that purpose are represented
at D, D, D, D, in Fig, 4. Fig. 3 is a section for the purpose of shewing
the air pipes and the damper or valve. Fig. 5 represents a method of heat-
ing large rooms or warehouses where there is no flue or chimney, and where the
heat can be supplied by a pipe going up from any fire-place in the lower part
of the house to the room or rooms intended to be warmed; one, two, or more
cylindrical or other shaped box or boxes containing air pipes, and furnished with
shoulders and dampers or valves, as before described, may be placed in each
story, which will take very little room, and give as much heat as the method
described in Fig. 2, 3, and 4. Fig. 6 represents a hot air stove to be
used in lieu of the register or other stoves now in use, and which gives more
heat and burns less fuel. A is a front view, shewing the air pipes at the back.
B is a side view of the pipes, shewing the communication with the chimney or
flue for the smoke to escape at the upper part; and C is a view of the bottom,
shewing the openings of the air pipes. This stove is fixed projecting a little
into the room, and the chimney carefully closed, which causes the cold air to
enter into the bottom of the pipes, and becoming warmed in its progress through
them, comes out at the top, diffusing a gentle and agreeable heat, and without
burning or destroying the elasticity of the air. Fig. 7, A represents a
calorifere fumivore applied to serve as a kitchen stove, in which the front may
6 be used for roasting, or for the portable kitchen hereafter described, and by the
air pipes placed around, the heat may be applied to the various other purposes
of cooking. B represents the bottom. Fig. 10 is a front view of a portable
kitchen or cooking apparatus made of tin or other suitable material, which may
be applied to the front of Fig. 7 or any other fire-place for the purpose of

page_text: cooking, and which may be taken away when the cooking is over. Fig. 9
represents the bottom of the range in the portable kitchen, and shews how the
portable kitchen is to be applied to the fire-place. Fig. 11 is a cradle of
hot air pipes, made of cast iron, earth, or any other suitable material, and which
may be adapted to any register stove in the manner most suitable to the situation
in which the stove is fixed. These pipes may be made in any shape or form,
and placed in any direction, so that there be openings at the bottom for the
cold air to enter, and at the top for the air to come into the room after being
warmed in its passage thro' the pipes, which pipes should pass thro' or
be in contact with the fire in the stove. Fig. 12 represents a box of cast
iron or other suitable metal or material filled with air pipes, to be fixed at the
back of a common kitchen range, without changing the usual method of cooking;
by these pipes the heat may be conveyed to all the rooms above without using
any additional fuel. This box being placed at the back of the range, an opening
is to be left in the front for the smoke to pass up when the damper or valve is
closed, and it should be constructed with doors or flaps for the purpose of getting
at the pipes to clean away any obstruction by soot or otherwise. When
the heat is not wanted in any room except the kitchen, the damper or valve
placed at A is to be shut, which will cause the smoke and heat to ascend by the
opening in the chimney in front of the box. Fig. 13 represents a portable warmer,
which may be used with any common grate, when it is wished to have a greater
degree of heat in the room than would be given by the fire in the usual way.
This portable warmer consists of a set of pipes fixed in a frame to correspond
with the size of the fire-place, having holes at the bottom for admitting the cold
air, dampers or valves above them for the purpose of forcing the air into the
pipes, and holes at the top to let the warm air into the room, and when the room
is sufficiently warm this portable warmer may be taken off and carried away.
This warmer is here represented without its front covering for the purpose of
shewing the pipes, but it must be closed on all sides, forming a box.
Having thus, by way of elucidation, shewn several ways in which it appears
to me that this Invention may be applied with advantage, I do hereby declare,
that I do not mean to confine myself to the exact form or shape of any of the
parts before described, or to the materials of which the same are mentioned to
be composed or made, but claim every means of warming rooms by the intro-
duction of its heated in its passage thro' pipes in contact with fire.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Frederic Marquis de Chabannes,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifteen.
(L.8.) CHABANNES.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifteenth day of July, in the
fifty-fifth year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, the said
Jean Frederic Marquis de Chabannes came before our said Lord the King, in
His Chancery, and acknowledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and every-
thing therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the
instrument aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made
in the forty-eighth year of His said Majesty's reign.