IMPROVE- MENTA IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILE FARRICs."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Smith, of Clay House, Ripponden, near
Halifax, in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTA IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILE FARRICs."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th April 1873.
I, JOHN SMITH, of Clay House, Ripponden, near Halifax, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PILE FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention is applicable to velvets, velveteens, and other pile
fabrics, in which the pile is produced by the weft, and it consists in an
improved mode of stitching or binding the pile to the back or foundation
of the fabric, whereby it is more firmly secured than by the usual mode
of weaving, and consequently the subsequent operations of cutting,

page_text: dressing, and finishing, can be performed without danger of loosening
the pile. By this means the surface of the fabric is well covered
throughout, and no rows, cracks, or irregular ridges are visible, either
lengthwise or crosswise, thus improving the quality and appearance of
the fabric. Various patterns can be produced on the face of the fabrics.
The back or foundation is composed of the warp and the binding weft
which secures the pile weft, the back or foundation of the fabric being
nearly similar to the ordinary plain back, but it produces an even surface
in the pile which in ordinary plain backs cannot be attained.
In some cases two warps on separate beams are required for the back
or foundation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said John Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 11th October 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN ]
SMITH, of Clay House, Ripponden, near Halifax, in the County of York,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-sixth 2
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Smith, Her special licence that
I, the said John Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said John Smith, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PILE FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said a
John Smith, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Smith, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
My Invention is applicable to velvets, velveteens, and other pile
fabrics, in which the pile is produced by the weft, and it consists in an
improved mode of stitching or binding the pile to the back or foundation
of the fabric, whereby it is more firmly secured than by the usual mode
of weaving, and consequently the subsequent operations of cutting,
dressing, and finishing, can be performed without danger of loosening
the pile. By means of this Invention the surface of the fabric is well
covered throughout, and no rows, cracks, or irregular ridges are visible,
either lengthwise or crosswise, thus improving the quality and appear-
ance of the fabrics. Various patterns can be produced on the face of
the fabrics. The back or foundation is composed of the warp and the
binding weft which secures the pile weft, the back or foundation of the
fabric being nearly similar to the ordinary plain back, but it pro-
duces an even surface in the pile which in ordinary plain backs cannot
be attained.
In some cases two warps on separate beams are required for the back
or foundation.
In performing my Invention I make use of looms of the ordinary
construction either with one or two warps beams, and with one or more
shuttles, and the order of succession in which the tappets or other
equivalents are set to raise the warps to form the required sheds, and
the order of throwing the shuttles to put in the weft will be clearly
understood by any practical weaver on referring to the accompanying
Sheet of diagrams which represent various tie-ups for weaving my
improved pile fabrics.
The tie-up, Fig. 1, can be used in such a manner as to produce fabrics
of any weight by varying the reed and twist and also the weft.
The tie-up, Fig. 2, is for weaving a fabric that will take in more weft
than Fig. 1.
The tie-up, Fig. 3, will produce a fabric equal to a seal skin.
The tie-up, Fig. 2, is for weaving a fabric that will take in more weft

page_text: in imitation of seal skin.
The tie-up, Fig. 5, requires a loom with two warp beams, and it will
produce a waved rib pile fabric.
The tie-up, Fig. 6, also requires a loom with two warp beams, and it 5
will produce a waved pile fabric.
The tie-up, Fig. 7, produces a knotted pile fabric and may be woven
either with one or two warp beams.
The tie-up, Fig. 8, is particularly adapted for silk weft.
The tie-up, Fig. 9, is to produce a fabric with a longer pile than 1
Fig. 8.
When the fabric woven by any of the tie-ups above described is
taken out of the loom, it is subjected to the usual operations of cutting,
dressing, and finishing, and the fabric produced is more regularly
covered with the pile than has heretofore been accomplished.
1
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described
the manner of performing the same, I wish to observe that I do not
limit myself to the exact details given as they may be slightly varied
without departing from the peculiar character of my Invention, and I
claim the improvements in the manufacture of pile fabrics, as shewn and 2
described, and particularly the mode of securing the pile weft to the
foundation or back.
foundation or back.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Smith, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of October, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-three.
TCITY CITT