A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE SAPONIFICATION OF MINERAL OILS AND THE MANUFACTURE OF BENZINE SOAP
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel, of Southampton Buildings, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
PROCESS FOR THE SAPONIFICATION OF MINERAL OILS AND THE MANUFACTURE
OF BENZINE SOAP." A communication from abroad by Jules Barbieux and
Armand Rosier, both of Marseilles, in the Republic of France.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Charles Denton Abel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th January 1879.
"
CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lano, in the
County of Middlesex. A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE SAPONIFICATION
OF MINERAL OILS AND THE MANUFACTURE OF BENZINE SOAP." A communication
from abroad by Jules Barbieux and Armand Rosier, both of Marseilles, in the
Republic of France.
Mineral oils being neutral in their character, have not hitherto been combined
with alkali to produce soap. This Invention relates to a process for saponifying
such oils producing benzine soap therefrom, and it applies not only to those oils
which are found native, such as petroleum, but also to those that are obtained from
coal, schist, asphalt, and other minerals. In order to render such oils capable of
saponification they are according to this Invention first acidified by the addition of
concrete fatty matter, either animal or vegetable, and the mixture is then saponified
in the usual way by the addition of alkaline lye. The soaps thus produced may be
varied in hardness and solidity according to the nature of the fatty matters and
lyes employed, but in all cases they are powerfully detergent and disinfectant, and
baths formed by them do not putrefy even after use. Such being the general naturo
of the new or improved process, the manner in which it can be practically carried
into effect may be best understood by a particular example, as follows:-Assuming
the oil to be treated to be the rectified oil of petroleum and the concrete fatty
matter stearic acid, the latter is melted in a water bath and poured into the
petroleum, which is at ordinary temperature, the stearic acid being added to the
petroleum in the proportion of about 15 parts of the former to 100 parts of the
latter by weight. After thorough mixture by stirring for a short time the compound
can be saponified in the usual way. It is however of advantage to combine it before
saponification with animal or vegetable fatty matter, a good proportion for such
combination being 2 of the acidified petroleum to 3 of the fatty matter. Either
soda or potassa may be employed to saponify the compound producing a benzine
D .
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page_text: soap, which may be made hard or soft according to the alkali and the proportions
adopted in the saponification.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondents, I
claim,―
First. The herein described process for saponifying mineral oils, that is to say,
first acidifying them by the adinixture of concrete fatty acid and then treating the
compound with alkaline lye.
Second. The manufacture, as herein described, of benzine soap by combining with
mineral oils acidified in the manner referred to in the preceding claim, a proportion
of animal or vegetable fatty matter, and treating the combination with alkali.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Denton Abel, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
CHA. D. ABEL. (L.B.)