Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Punching Strips of Paper and like Material, suitable for Use in Telegraph Transmitters, and for like purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Sept., 1896-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Punching Strips
of Paper and like Material, suitable for Use in Telegraph
Transmitters, and for like purposes.
A
•
communication from abroad by CHARLES LUMAN BUCKINGHAM, of
195, Broadway, New York City, State of New York, United States of
America, Lawyer.
1, WILLIAM LLOYD WISE of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
London, Consulting Engineer and Chartered Patent Agent do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to perforating apparatus designed to perforate paper or
other material by means of a series of punches operated in different combinations
or numbers to perforate the material with groups of holes which are different
in number or are differently disposed with relation to one another in the different
groups.
The apparatus of the present invention is primarily designed for use in perforating
a strip of paper adapted to be used in a Wheatstone or other telegraph transmitter,
with groups of perforations each group of which represents a letter of the alphabet
or other character, but the apparatus may be used for perforating strips designed
for other uses, as for musical instruments and for Jacquard looms.
The invention is shown as carried out in a machine provided with two gangs
or rows of punches organized to perforate the material in two rows of perforations,
that being the arrangement of perforations suitable for a telegraph transmitter of
the Wheatstone type, though in the following description the order of arrangement.
of the perforations in the two rows with relation to one another is herein shown as
somewhat varied to adapt the strip for use in sending electric pulses different in
order or arrangement from that used in the Wheatstone alphabet.
The general object of the invention is to provide an efficient and rapidly
operating machine in which the action is controlled by a series of selecting keys or
levers one for each different group or order of perforations to be produced in
the blank strip, each key operating as a selecting device to determine which of the
punches shall be operated. Such punch controlling or selecting devices may be
electrical in their nature when the punches are actuated by a magnetic power or
may be in the nature of mechanical coupling appliances when the punches are
operated by a suitable mechanical power. The present invention, will, however,
be described as carried out in connection with punch controlling devices consisting
of circuit changers or controllers which control the circuits of punch actuating
magnets.
The invention consists firstly in the combination of a series of punches and
actuating devices, a series of controlling or selecting keys for bringing into action
at the same time different punches whereby groups of holes may be punched which
are differently disposed or are of different number in the different groups, a variable
paper feed having a series of stop pins or devices which individually control the.
extent of feed, and means controlled by the keys for setting different ones of said
devices into operative position according to the length of the group of perforations.
produced by the depression of each key.

page_text: gangs a, a, on opposite sides of a guide slot through which the strip of paper a*, to
be perforated is drawn. The paper is fed from a reel as, and after being perforated
is wound up on a reel a', operated by any suitable power, as will be described
further on. The gang of punches a, is guided in a box g, and the gang a¹, in a
box g', arranged at opposite sides of the paper strip, and the two rows or gangs
are arranged to work in different planes one above the other so as to respec-
tively punch holes at opposite sides of a central line in the strip of paper, as
indicated in Fig. 13, where the central line is occupied by a line of sinaller
perforations into which teeth or pins of the feed wheel enter. The die plate for
the punches a', is indicated at e¹, and is fastened to the face of the guide box g',
while the die plate e, for the row of punches a, is secured, at the opposite side of
the guide slot, to the box or frame g. At their rear ends the punches are engaged
by the operating bell crank levers d, which are mounted in a standard or frame on
the plate A, and are connected with the armature levers of the operating
magnets B, by suitable connecting rods as clearly shown in Fig. 3, which rods are
attached to arms projecting from rock shafts C, which rock shafts carry the
armatures b, for electro-magnets B. The punches are retracted by means of stiff
springs a fastened at one end to fixed yokes 2, on top of the apparatus and at the
other end to cross bars connecting the tops of levers &, pivoted in arms on top of
the boxes, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, and connected at their lower ends beneath
the pivots by cruss rods or bars, bearing against the bell crank levers in a manner
to draw them backwards away from the punches. Pivoted in the same brackets
with levers 6, are pairs of levers i, connected at top and bottom by cross bars the
lower ones of which latter indicated at ", engage with blocks or projections on the
punch bars, in a manner to retract the latter. The levers, are connected with
and actuated by the levers 3, through short springs or links attached to the lower
end of levers. As will be readily seen, the punch operating magnets B, actuate
the punches against the force of the retracting springs a', and the latter serve both
to withdraw the punches after operation and at the same time throw back the
armature levers, in which action they may be assisted or not as desired by retracters
applied to the armatures or the rock shafts. Preferably the armature levers are
so bung as to tend to fall back by gravity. In place of these retracting devices
any other suitable means may be employed for retracting the punches after they
have been forced through the paper.
The guide slot for the paper formed by the spaces between the die plates e, e¹,
should be just wide enough to easily carry the strip of paper to be perforated.
The punch operating magnets indicated by the letter B, are preferably arranged
in two horizontal planes one over the other and are secured to the inner side of
the frame or box A, with poles projecting inwardly for operation upon the
armatures b.
The apparatus as shown is adapted to operate sixteen punches, though the
actuating bell crank lever d, and magnet for the same which operate the last
punch of one of the gangs may be omitted where the character of the matter with
which the paper is to be perforated does not require at any time a perforation
in the position corresponding to that punch. It is evident, however, that a
greater or less number of punches may be used as desired according to the
complexity in the groups of perforations which it is desired to produce at a single
operation of a controlling or selecting key, or according to the maximum number of
perforations which it is desired to produce in any group.
The rock shafts C, are mounted in suitable frames or standards within the
main frame of the apparatus as clearly indicated.
It is obvious that other means for retracting the punches might be used and
other mechanism might be employed for connecting the magnets with said
punches.
Combined with the retracting devices and punch operating magnets are electro-
magnets B, B, which serve the purpose of assisting the magnets B, in overcoming
the strain of the retracters a. These electro-magnets have armature levers

page_text: connected by rods B3, with the cross bars or arms to which the springs a³, are
attached. The electro-magnets B, are in separate branches of a circuit so that
they may be operated independently of one another. The electro-magnets B', are
preferably in a common circuit or return common to all the branches containing
magnets B, so that said magnets B, will be energized at the same time with
magnets B, by the current passing through all the branches and magnets B, that
are at any time operated together. This manner of connection of the magnets B, B³,
is illustrated in the diagram Fig. 26. By this arrangement the speed of action of
the punch actuating apparatus is very materially increased since in the work of
driving forward the punches, the magnets B, may operate without material
opposition from the retracting springs a, acting freely or without opposition owing
to the fact that the magnets B, and B2, are all thrown out of action together.
As will be obvious the assisting magnet or magnets might be connected to the
circuits or controlled by the apparatus in any other way proper for bringing them
into action simultaneously with the punch magnets.
To provide for the variable feed rendered necessary by the fact that the groups
of perforations may take up spaces of different extent longitudinally in the tape, as
indicated in Fig. 13, where six such groups are shown, the following variable feed
escapement device is employed.
In the diagram Fig. 13, the larger holes or perforations are those produced by the
punches while the central row of smaller holes are those by which the paper is
engaged for the purpose of controlling its feed. The larger holes as will be seen are
arrangel so that the paper may be used in a Wheatstone transmitter to produce electric
pulsations of alternately reversed polarity some of said pulsations being prolonged.
The particular arrangements of perforations shown are adapted for use in the page
printing telegraph systems in which a fillet of paper is the transmitting agent. The
smaller holes form a rack to receive the teeth of a wheel which carries the paper
forward as in the Wheatstone transmitter and are in perfect coincidence with the
larger holes.
In preparing messages for Wheatstone transmitters, it is usual to perforate the
paper with the central line of holes uniformly placed part at a tine in the
operation of passing the paper between punch heads to produce the larger
transmitting perforations. The invention consists essentially in preparing the
strip of paper for Wheatstone transmission by first preparing it with the central
row of perforations before passing it to the punch heads or devices for feeding it
between the same, and in next carrying it through the punch heads and controlling
its feed movement by means of said central row of perforations through feed devices
engaging with the same preferably both before and after it leaves the punches.
By this method and by using suitable uniformly acting devices to make the central
row, we are enabled to produce a row of central perforations of greater uniformity
than can be produced by the old method and at the same time to furnish means
whereby the feed of the paper between the punch heads may be governed with
great uniformity and exactness.
This also permits an exact adjustment of the paper to secure precise alignment
of the central row of perforations with the punches which produce the side
perforations in the manner to be presently described, thereby securing perfect
coincidence of the eide and central perforations.
Preferably the paper is prepared with the central row of perforations before
being placed upon the reel a', though such perforations might be produced in the
paper on its way from the reel as, to the feed controlling wheel which is provided
with movable stop pins or teeth to constitute the variable escapement wheel or may
be a separate wheel. For simplicity, however, the movable escapement teeth or
pins and the pins which enter the central row of holes in the paper are mounted on
the same revolving structure.
D, indicates the paper feed wheel and variable escapement device, and d, the
teeth or pins thereof which enter the central line of perforations. In its course
from a, to a', the strip passes over two or more guide rolls as, then around one side

page_text: or segment of the feed wheel D, being pressed into engagement therewith by a
suitable roll d³, then around two or more guide rolls a, one of which may be a
spring actuated take up roll or idler, as shown, for taking up the slack of the paper
'between the wheel and punches, through the punch box and between the punches,
over an adjustable roll a¹, around another segment or side of the feed wheel, against
which it is guided or and pressed by a roll d³, over guide rolls a, one of which may
be a spring actuated take up roll for automatically taking up the slack and onto
take up reel a. By thus running the paper over two sides or segments of
the feed wheel, one before it reaches the punches and the other after it leaves
the punches or punch head, the feeding of the paper along a considerable
portion of its length and when it passes between the punches, is insured at
the exact speed or in exact correspondence with the movements of the feed
wheel, that is to say, the paper cannot be jerked along or moved within the
punch head or box faster than the feed wheel is moving. The teeth d², project
radially from the feed wheel and the paper may be engaged thereby over a segment
of said wheel of greater or less length as desired. The rolls d³, may be provided
with teeth engaged by pins d², so as to be rotated thereby and in rotating to press
the paper strip down over the pins d2, or the teeth of the roll may be omitted
leaving simply a groove for the teeth d², to pass.
In the completely perforated strip, and as indicated in Fig. 13, it is necessary
that the larger holes near the two margins of the paper strip should be in transverse
alignment with the central holes, and hence the strip must be presented to the
punches with its central row of smaller holes in exact alignment with the punches
themselves. Hence it is desirable to place the feed wheel as near the egress end of
the strip perforating punch heads as possible and provide an arrangement whereby
the length of paper from the point where it leaves the punch heads to the point
where it is taken up by the feed wheels may be adjusted to great nicety. This is
accomplished by means of the adjustable roller a", over which the fillet of paper as
it leaves the punch heads passes. The bearing for this roller may be a slot as
shown in Fig. 1, of the drawings, whereby it may be moved to the left to increase
the length of the paper between the feed wheel and the punch or to diminish the
length and to thereby make the length of paper between the last pair of punches
and the point of contact of the feed wheel, a distance just equal to a certain number
of central row perforations.
Wheel D, is fastened to a suitable shaft D2, which is mounted on suitable
bearings on the plate A2, and is driven by suitable power communicated through
a shaft D³, connected with an electric motor or other motor D. The horizontal
shaft D³, of the motor engages with the bevel gear wheel D³, Fig. 8, loose on
shaft D, but connected therewith through a spiral spring D, one end of which is
attached to the shaft D2, and the other to a barrel D, fastened to the wheel D³.
By means of the motive power, the spring D. is kept wound up and imparts a
constant torque to the shaft and feed control wheel D. By using the spring in
this manner the difficulty which would ensue from the inertia of the prime mover
itself, if it were attached or connected directly with the wheel D, is avoided. This
difficulty would arise from the fact that the paper feed device moves intermittently
and must start and stop with great promptness.
F, indicates the movable teeth or pins of the escapement wheel. These pins or
teeth may be of any desired form and mounted on the wheel in any desired manner,
but preferably are so mounted as to move transversely to the plane of the wheel
or parallel to its axis of rotation being for that purpose arranged to slide in two
discs or plates forming heads of the wheel and being held frictionally in the position
into which they are set or moved by means of spiral springs, as indicated, encircling
the teeth or pins.
The wheel D, is stopped by means of an abutment or stop f, against which the
pins which have been previously set or moved up into the position indicated
in Fig. 6, engage. The wheel is allowed to rotate by moving the pin engaged with
said stop down out of the way thereof so that the wheel may turn until the next

page_text: pin which has been raised engages with the abutment. The stop plate f2, limits
the downward movement of the pin under the action of the releasing device which.
forces it down to free the wheel. The stop pin setting devices, six in number, are
indicated at. f. These consist of arms or dogs operable singly to force a pin up
into the position shown in Fig. 6, where, upon further rotation of the wheel, it will
be brought into engagement with the abutment f. These setting devices, as will.
be obvious, provide for six different lengths of feed, that one nearest the abutment f
allowing a feed of a space covered by four of the escapement teeth or pins and that
at the extreme left of the range of setting devices f³, being adapted to set a pin
which will allow a feed over the space of nine pins. The intermediate setting.
devices give other lengths of feed according to the distance of the pius upon which.
they operate from the abutment f. Before reaching the setting devices f³, the pins
pass between two cam plates f, whereby they are automatically centered.
In the operation of this feed wheel one of the setting devices f³, operates to set
a pin to predetermine the length of the succeeding feed movement, after which the
pin previously brought to engagement with the abutment f, is disengaged or
released by means of an arm or dog f', which drives said pin downward, whereupon.
the feed wheel moves the distance predetermined by the previous action of the
setting device f³.
The releasing arm or dog f, is arranged as shown in Fig. 9, and is constructed
so as to yield laterally, whereby after releasing the wheel by driving a pin down-
ward, it will not interfere with the movement of the next succeeding pin full mp
against the abutment stop f. This provision is necessary owing to the fact that the
dog or arm, retains its position, shown in full lines, until the next succeeding
operation of the punches. When the next succeeding pin engages the side of the
releasing arm or dog, the latter will simply be moved sidewise to the position
indicated in full lines in Fig. 6. When it is raised, it will automatically take its
proper position over the pin, as indicated in dotted lines, so that on moving
downward it will free the pin and allow the wheel to again rotate.
yielding is conveniently provided for by making the arm or dog f, thinner, as
indicated at 7", in Fig. 9."
This lateral
The stop plate 12, may be mounted on a bracket as indicated in Fig. 8, and the
abutment, upon the bracket or plate in which the upper end of the shaft D2, is
mounted. The cam plates f, may be similarly mounted and the upper one of
them provided with a lateral projection which forms a stop to limit the upward.
movement of the pins when driven up by the setting devices f³.
The setting devices composed of the arms 13, are operated by means of the
electro-magnets H, one for each arm, or by similar actuating means governed in
their operation by the controlling mechanism which brings the punching devices
into action. There being six setting arms f³, six magnets H, are provided and
different ones of said magnets are operated at the time a group of perforations is
made according to the distance on the paper strip covered by said group and the
consequent length of feed which it is necessary should take place before a new
group is perforated. If the group of perforations made covers a space of four
central holes, then the magnet connected to the arm at the right hand end of the.
set of arms, Fig. 6, is actuated so that after said perforations are effected and
the releasing device, drives down the stop pin by which the wheel is held from.
rolation, said wheel will rotate four spaces of the tape. If, for instance, the group
of perforations covers nine spaces, then the magnet acting on the arm f³, at the
left of the set is actuated, and so on for any intermediate length of feed required.
before a new group is perforated.
The releasing arm or dog f, is operated by an electro-magnet I, or other device.
which is brought into operation on the completion of the punching action through
connection with some device moving with the punches or associated in movement
therewith.
It is preferred to use an electro-magnet I, for operating the releasing arm or dog
though it would be within the invention to use other devices connected with or:

page_text: controlled by the apparatus so as to come into action when the punches are with-
drawn from the work.
As will be seen, the arms 3, are normally retracted by suitable springa as
indicated whose power is overcome by the action of magnets H, and in a similar
way the arm, is operated in one direction by the magnet I, and in the other by
a suitable lifting spring.
A circuit closer or controller for bringing magnet I, into action when the
punches are retracted is shown in Fig. 3. As therein shown one of said circuit
controllers is employed for each gang of punches. The circuit of the magnet I,
may pass through one of said circuit controllers or through both in series so that
the magnet cannot operate until the punches in both gangs have been fully
retracted. This circuit controller consists simply of a spring, normally making
connection through its own bias with a contact stop 3. The two circuit controllers
are connected in series by a strap i, connecting the brackets which carry the
stops, said brackets being suitably insulated as shown in side elevation.
Normally the circuit is closed through the circuit controllers when the magnet I,
is excited so that arm or dog 1, is in the position indicated in the fall lines
Figs. 6, 8 and 9. When the punches are moved forward through the paper, the
springs, are drawn off the stops, by means of the levers, suitably pivoted
and connected with levers, as already described. The ends of levers, where
they engage with springs, are armed with insulating material as indicated. When
the punches move forward and the circuit is broken for magnet I, the arm or
dog, is permitted to move up so as to free itself from the pin which is
against the abutment, and said arm or dog assumes the position indicated in the
dotted lines. As the punches move back they permit the circuit to be again
closed whereupon the magnet I, becomes excited and the arm f, drives down
the stop pin thus permitting the feed wheel to move and feed the punched
portion of the paper away from the punches. The circuit closers are so adjusted
that the circuit cannot be closed to produce this action until the punches are
fully retracted from the paper. Other forms of circuit closer and breaker
connected with the punches or with other portions of the punch actuating mechanism
might obviously be used for the same purpose
To control the action of the punch actuating magnets B, a keyboard circuit
changer or controller composed of a series of key levers neting upon and selecting
the proper circuit changers or closers for the circuits of said magneta is
employed.
Preferably also the circuits of the setting magnets H, are controlled by circuit
closers which are actuated or governed by the same key levers which select or
govern the circuits of the punch magnets.
By these means the said key levers individually act upon different ones of
the setting dogs according to the key depressed and predetermine the extent of
the feed movement which shall ensue after the said key has, through the punching
magnets, punched the paper.
For convenience the key levers of an ordinary typewriting machine are
employed for operating upon and selecting the several circuit closers which
govern the action of the magnets H and B. This utilization of a typewriter is
of advantage in several ways. Any person used to
Any person used to a typewriter can without
further instruction operate the machine and by putting a sheet of paper in the
typewriter, a copy of the matter perforated can be made as a record or as a check
upon the manipulation of the perforating apparatus.
Referring to Figs. 14 to 19, K, indicates the key levers of an ordinary
typewriter such as the Remington, each lever being constructed and mounted in
any suitable way as usual in the art. L, indicates a series of yielding chains or
cords or similar devices corresponding in number to the number of circuits which
it is desired to control. In the present instance the apparatus is constructed to
control circuits 1 to 14, inclusive, Fig. 16, which are connected to punch operating
magnets B, and circuits 15 to 20, inclusive, connected to the stop setting magnets.

page_text: These cords L, extend transversely beneath the levers in position to be engaged
by parts projecting from said levers when the same are depressed. The pro-
jections on the levers are properly spaced to select the circuit closers of the circuits
which it is desired to operate on the depression of any key. The chains or cords L,
are at one end suitably fastened to a bridge piece 1, and at the other are
connected to devices which keep them under tension or serve to tak up the
slack when they are relieved from the pressure of the key levers. These tension
devices may be springs, as will be presently described, which serve also as
springs which restore the circuit changers or controllers or other punch or circuit
controlling devices to position of rest.
Attached to each lever K, is a selecting device N, composed of a bar attached
to the lever and provided with downwardly extending forks n, which straddle
the chains or cords L. By the spacing of the projections or forks n, the
particular chains or cords to be operated upon are selected or determined.
The several circuits may be closed through operation of the key levers by
connecting the cords or chains to circuit changers of the form to be now described
or of any other suitable form. The circuit changers or closers are here shown as
consisting of bell crank levers O, mounted on a rod n², secured in a suitable frame
attached to the base plate or other support. One arm of each of said elbow levers
is attached to one of the cords L, the opposite end being connected as described to
the bridge piece 1. The cords are secured to the bridge by any suitable means as,
for instance, by clamp screws as indicated. To keep the yielding connections I,
taut and the levers O, out of engagement with the circuit closing contacts,
suitable blade springs are applied to bear against the short arm of the levers O.
The contacts, are mounted in blocks secured to an insulating piece and thereby
insulated from one another while the circuit closing levers O, are all in electrical
connection with one another and with the frame of the apparatus.
As a convenient manner of attaching the selecting bars N, straps P, passing
around the levers K, may be employed. Each selecting device is provided with a
certain number of forks n. If the group of perforations to be produced contains
five holes, then the key lever K, which is depressed to produce said group would
have five of the forks arranged to operate upon those five chains L, which are
connected to the circuit closers O, governing the circuits of the proper punch
magnets. If it be required to operate all of the punch magnets, then all of the
circuit closers O, numbered 1 to 14, would be operated upon.
When this apparatus is used for perforating matter in which the same perfor-
tion appears in the same position in each group other perforations differently
arranged for different groups, one of the punch magnets may be placed in or
connected to the circuits either in series or in multiple with the other devices but
at such point as to be operated whenever said other devices are operated. It may
be, therefore, placed as indicated in the diagram in the common circuit for all the
others so that it will be operated no matter which key lever is depressed. In
perforating the letters of the Wheatstone or other alphabet, the key lever bearing
the letter A, would carry a selecting device which will cause a group of perforations
to be punched representing the letter A, and so on. If it is desired to produce a
group of perforations to represent a space, then the two outside levers K, which
carry the space bar K, Fig. 16, are provided with selecting bars N, which will
serve to bring into action the proper punches.
The selecting bars on the key levers carry also a supplemental projection adapted
to operate upon one of the circuit closers 15 to 20, inclusive, so as to bring into
action one of the stop setting magnets H, as already explained.
When an error has been made in perforating the tape it may be desirable to
cross out or erase the error by filling the tape with a series of holes uniformly
spaced. In this case there is provided a rub out key whose selecting bar N, is
provided with projections which will operate upon all of the circuit closers O,
from 1 to 7, inclusive, thereby producing by the seven magnets in the several
branches and the one magnet in the common connection, four perforations on each
B

page_text: side of the central line as shown by the group of perforations marked "erasure
in Fig. 13, where the result of the depressions of said key is shown. The same rub
out key will of course control the proper feed setting magnet H, to set the feed
mechanism so as to feed four spaces when the punches are withdrawn. The rub
out key obviously might be made to produce a greater number of perforations at
each depression or even a less number if the feed devices are arranged to produce
a corresponding shorter feed.
When perforated in this way and run through a Wheatstone transmitter, a
series of short pulsations only will be produced and which in a receiving instrument
of the kind described in prior British Specification No. 15215 of 1895, will simply
cause a rotation of a part of the apparatus to zero position, when the action of
the apparatus as a whole will cease, and the paper tube on which the message is
printed will remain at rest, until a long or unison pulse is sent thus releasing the
apparatus. The feed movement of the paper tube and the printing of the message
may then be resumed but should be resumed at the beginning of a line otherwise
the long or amplified feed space automatically produced at the end of a line would
come at an intermediate point in the next line of printing. Hence in erasing an
error in the paper strip, it is desirable to cut out all the perforated matter which
corresponds to a liue of printing in a receiver and to reperforate it in the strip
following the line erased. To assist in the correction it, therefore, becomes.
desirable to mark the point in the paper strip where the groups of perforations
which begin a line of printing in the receiver is located on the strip so that it may
be readily found by the eye. This may be done by perforating at the beginning
of each line one or more groups which will not materially affect the printed matter
since they will cause short main line pulses or short pulses followed by a long
pulse which only has the effect of releasing the unison device. These characteristic
groups may be two "space" groups of perforations or one or more rub out groups.
These will simply cause the printing in the receiver to begin one or more feed
spaces further along the margin of the paper cylinder. The point at which to
insert them will be known to the operator by knowing the number of characters
including spaces which will feed the paper cylinder of the receiver one whole
revolution to the point where the amplified space feed takes place.
By means of adjusting or levelling screws under the base of the machine, the
proper distance between the selecting forks and the chains may be obtained. The
number of circuit changers and the number of flexible or yielding connections L,
may be varied according to the number of punching magnets or other magnets
which are to be controlled from the typewriter.
When space bar K2, of the machine is touched at or near one end, the lever K,
near that end will be depressed but the lever at the opposite end may not be
depressed fully enough to cause the proper action upon the chains or cords L,
controlled by said space bar. To obviate this difficulty and secure the proper
action of both levers K, no matter where the bar K, is struck, the two extreme
levers K, may be connected as indicated in Fig. 14, by means of a transverse
rod y, passing through stirrups or hangers one in each lever, and attached at its
opposite ends to rockers ".
Many changes may be made in the construction of the different parts of the
device and the manner of operating the circuit changers from the keys or key
levers. The circuit changers may operate to make or break the circuits and
various well known relay connections may be inserted between the circuit changers
and the branch controlling magnets.
In combination with the circuit controlling devices just described, a circuit
maker and breaker common to them and placed in a common connection for them
all is provided. This supplemental or common circuit maker and breaker is
constructed to be operated whenever any one of the key levers is depressed and is
adjusted so as to break the common connection before the individual circuit con-
trollers already described break circuit and is adjusted also to close the common
counection after said circuit closers close circuit. By this device the make and

page_text: break of circuit or other action of each of the individual circuit closers may be
readily timed and made uniform for all of the key levers. In other words any
want of uniformity in the action of the circuit controllers operated upon by the
selecting key levers will be corrected by the single or common circuit maker and
breaker whose action is the same for all. Moreover an adjustment of the action
of this single circuit maker and breaker will serve as an adjustment of the electric
action of all the circuit controllers. This common circuit maker and breaker may
be also readily constructed to have a snap action in breaking and making circuit
thereby permitting the use of heavier currents without unduly complicating
the apparatus by introducing the snap action into each of the individual circuit
controllers.
By the use of the common circuit maker and breaker all spark or burning is
transferred to one point of the apparatus where it may readily be taken care of
by a condenser or other device, whereas, without such common circuit breaker, a
condenser or other device would be necessary for each of the circuit breakers and
makers of the apparatus or else the volume or strength of current which it would
be possible to employ in connection with them would be limited. One way of
connecting this common circuit maker and breaker to the key levers so that it will
be actuated whenever any one of said levers is operated is to connect it to the space
feed device of the typewriter. Thus, as shown more particularly in Fig. 14, the
rock shaft which carries the feed escapement for the typewriter is provided with a
depending arm Q, which serves to reciprocate a bar q, that connects by a device
having lost motion with an upright lever g, pivoted at its lower end upon the
frame of the apparatus as shown and provided with a blade spring g³, normally
engaged with a hook on the end of the upper or free end of the lever q³. The
bar g, has an elongated slot into which projects a pin on the lever g. The lever
is rocked by this connection which connection provides a lost movement.
The
spring 9, is adapted to engage with and make contact upon a stop 2*, mounted
upon but insulated from a standard or bracket as shown. When any one of the
key levers K, is depressed, the rock shaft carrying aran Q, is rocked by means of
the operating bar Q, to which are connected the rods Q3, joined at their lower
ends by a bar Q, upon which the key levers bear when depressed. By this means
the bar g, is moved and the circuit is closed between 9, and 9. There is,
bowever, a certain amount of lost movement provided, as just described, which is
adjusted so that circuit will be closed at the point qt, only after the circuit closers
or controllers which are actuated by the selecting devices have closed circuit.
When the lever K, rises, the bar y, mores back with a lost motion, but so adjusted
that the connection will be broken between q³ and q, before it is broken at the
contacts, of the individual circuit closers and breakers. Hence any arc or
sparking that occurs will take place at the common cirenit breaker 7. The
action resulting from lost motion in this device also causes spring g³, to be moved
from contact g, suddenly as by a blast.
A snap action or quick make and break is also effected by the roller q, upon the
end of a blade spring which roller bears against the edge or corner of the hook
upon lever g, and is adjusted to assist in forcing the arm g, backward by a spring
action and cause its spring q³, to move quickly out of contact with q'.
It is obvious that this common circuit maker and breaker might be of any other
desired construction and operated by connection with other parts of the apparatus
so as to come into action in the manner described to break the circuit before any
of the individual circuit closers break, and also preferably to make the circuit after
said individual circuit closers make circuit. It will also be apparent that other
constructions of devices for giving a snap action might be employed, as well
understood in the art of circuit makers and breakers.
When it is desired to produce in a paper strip a group of perforations having a
particular character or arrangement periodically, or after a given number of
groups have been produced therein, it is desirable to give the operator some means
whereby the number of characters perforated shall be indicated to him. In order,

page_text: however, to obviate the possibility of his perforating more than the predetermined
number of groups before perforating the characteristic or periodically repeated
group, a circuit breaker is provided adapted to be engaged by a travelling device
which is moved step-by-step with the action of the selecting key levers and upon
moving to a predetermined point will operate upon said circuit breaker and open
the circuits of the perforating magnets. When this is done no further operation
of the keys or key levers will produce any action until the operator has moved the
traveller back and the failure of the apparatus to operate will of course give him
the required warning.
As a traveller moving step-by-step to accomplish this work, it is proposed to
utilize the travelling paper carriage of the typewriter. R, indicates the travelling
carriage and R2, circuit breaking arm or spring which projects into the path of
the carriage so as to be operated when the carriage has travelled the distance
corresponding to the operation of a predetermined number of the key levers which
may be a number required to produce the extreme travel of the carriage from oue
end of its movement to the other.
The circuit breaking arm R2, is a spring arm attached at its lower end to any
part of the apparatus but preferably insulated, and said arm or spring normally
engages with a contact indicated at R3, which is also preferably insulated. The
circuit of the operating magnets being carried through said spring and contacts, it is
obvious that no action of the same can be produced after the carriage has engaged
and moved the arm or spring R².
As already stated it is sometimes also desirable to mark the paper strip
periodically or after perforating it with a predetermined number of groups of
perforations. Where such number of groups corresponds to the number of letters
and spaces in a line of printing on the typewriter, the marking can be readily and
automatically effected by allowing the arm R2, to make contact when engaged by
the carriage with a contact screw Rs. By this means a circuit of an electro-
magnet S, may be closed, which magnet can be made to operate a marker or pencil
which will mark the strip of paper at. As shown in Figs. 2 and 4, magnet S,
carries a marking roll S2, which normally rests in a cup S5, containing some
absorbent materal moistened with an ink. When the magnet is energized the roller
is moved up to the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 4, and as its edge
rolls over marks the paper a', which in such operation is backed or supported by
the block S³.
To further lock the apparatus against operation after a predetermined number of
groups of perforations have been made, the carriage of the typewriter may be provided
with a locking plate Se, attached to the escapement bar as indicated in Fig. 19, and so
arranged that at the end of the line it will be engaged by the escapement teeth of
the rocking arm which plays between the teeth of the escapement or rack bar. The
feed escapement lever being thereby locked, it is impossible to depress any of the
key levers as will be well understood from consideration of the construction of
the form of typewriter to which the device is applied.
The take up reel a', is preferably actuated by the same motor which by its
shaft D3, applies power to the actuating spring of the paper feed wheel D. When
it is desired to turn the paper feed wheel backward in order to move the perforated
tape a, back between the punches for the purpose of erasing matter already
perforated as before explained, it is desirable to free the wheel by taking the
power off the spring connected to the feed wheel shaft D2, and allowing the
spring to run down. The paper feed may be freed also from the motor as will be
described further on. This is effected by throwing the electric power off the motor
and by lifting the retaining pawl D', Fig. 10, out of engagement with the toothed
wheel secured to the motor shaft, so that the latter may run backward under
the action of the spring in unwinding.
In order that the take up reel may not be disturbed or run backward at the
same time but may keep the proper tension on the paper, its driving shaft is
connected with the shaft D³, by a ratchet and pawl connection as shown in Fig. 10.

page_text: T, is a transmitting shaft connected at one end by a bevel gear shown in dotted
lines with a ratchet wheel T2, which in turn is driven by a pawl T3, carried by a
wheel T, which can turn freely on the shaft of wheel T2, and is geared with a
wheel T, on the motor shaft. At its opposite end shaft T, by a bevel gear at T,
drives a gear wheel T8, which turns loosely on an upright shaft carrying reel a',
and is supported on said shaft by a collar secured to the shaft as shown. To the
hub of the wheel T, is secured one end of a spring V. The free end of said
spring rubs upon the inside of a barrel T, fastened to the shaft carrying the reel.
By means of this spring, thus applied, the reel is frictionally driven an i no sudden
variations of driving power which would be liable to break the paper strip cin
take place. This frictional driving connection also provides for increase in the
size of the paper roll as it is wound up on the reel by allowing a slip of the driving
power as the roll increases in size, and tends to take up the paper more rapidly
than it is fed by the escapement wheel. At V4, a pawl is applied to a ratchet
wheel V, carried by the shaft T, to prevent the spring from unwinding.
frictional connection thus provided also permits the paper to be unwound from the
reel in the act of moving the paper backward between the punches.
The
When the paper is to be drawn back the current is cut off from the motor, and
the pawl D', is then lifted. The spring in the barrel on the feed wheel then runs
down, the wheels T5, and T, turning freely because the pawl T3, can move back-
ward over the teeth of the wheel T2. The shaft T, and connected spring for the
paper reel remains at rest and are held against backward move.nent by the
pawl V. The paper strip may be now drawn back. In this operation the take
up reel is turned backward but owing to its frictional connection with the driving
spring it is permitted to do so, the spring, however, remaining under tension ready
to turn the wheel and take up the paper strip when the paper is permitted to feel
by the feed wheel. To resume operations the pawl D', is dropped and the current
being turned onto the motor, the latter immediately winds up the spring in the
barrel on the shaft of the paper feed wheel.
A preferred construction of mechanism for driving the paper feed or escapement
wheel and take up reel and at the same time permitting the strip of paper to
be readily moved backward or forward into any desired position while still engaged
with the feed wheel, is illustrated in Figs. 20-25. The driving shaft D³,
operated by any motor is geared by a bevel gear with wheel D12, loose on the
shaft D. The motor may be an electric motor in a branch from the circuit of
the electric generator which supplies power for operating the various magnets of
the apparatus. If desired a separate generator might be used for the motor, but
for simplicity it is preferable to use the source W. The power obtained from the
shaft is communicated from wheel D12, to the spring D, and shaft D2, carrying the
escapement wheel by simply attaching one end of the spring D6, to the hub of
wheel D12, and the other end thereof to the barrel D, which is fixed to the
shaft D². As will be seen the motor as before will serve to keep the spring wound
up and the power of the latter will turn the shaft and attached feed and escapement
wheel. A suitable retaining pawl may be applied to the wheel D¹, to prevent the
spring from unwinding.
In order that the paper feed wheel D, may be moved freely backward or forward
without interference from the spring or motive device, when it is desired to move
the perforated tape backward or forward between the punches, suitable means are
employed for locking or connecting the drum D, and the wheel D12, together thus
connecting the two ends of the actuating spring together and freeing the shaft of
the tension thereof. When this is done and the retaining pawl, is moved out of
engagement with its wheel, it is obvious that the shaft D2, and connected parts
may be moved freely in either direction. This is desirable in order that the paper
may be drawn back to position for erasing matter already perforated when an error
is discovered, the erase being made by perforating the strip full of holes as
indicated in Fig. 13, by the group of perforations at the right.

page_text: To free the paper feed wheel from resistance to rotation due to connection with
the driving shaft and motor, a clutch 2, adapted to be moved at will to couple
or uncouple the motor may be employed. This clutch may be of any suitable
description and interposed in the shaft D³, as indicated in Figs. 20 and 21. That
shown consists of a ratchet wheel on one section of the divided shaft and a spring
pawl mounted on a disc on the other section and provided with a knob by which
it may be lifted from the ratchet. A dog or projection on the hub of the pawl is
arranged to pass a projection on a blade spring d¹³, whereby the pawl will be held
raised or depressed.
The locking or connecting of the two ends of the spring De, together may be
effected by providing the edge of the drum D, with ratchet teeth and by mounting
over said drum and upon the wheel D12, a suitable spring pawl E2, which may be
dropped into engageinent with the ratchet on wheel D, thus holding the spring
from unwinding and taking its tension off the shaft. The spring pawl or lock E
may be normally held out of engagement with the drun by means of a cam plate E13
mounted and turning on the hub of wheel D2, as indicated and consisting if
desired of a disc or wheel having a notched edge by which it may be operated from
: any side.
The take up reel a', is driven by direct connection with the wheel D2, which
carries a pulley wheel V, over which runs a band V10, which passes around the
wheel or hub corresponding to the wheel T. This belt V10, might engage with a
wheel secured to the shaft of the take up reel, the slip of the belt on the wheel
.affording a compensation for the tendency of the reel to take up paper with increased
rapidity as the size of the roll of paper increases.
In order that heavier pins may be used within a given circumference of the feed
wheel, the said pins are placed in staggered arrangement as shown in the plan view
Fig. 23. The releasing arm or dog 7, works over the two rows of pins so as to
engage a pin of either row that may be in engagement with the stop plate or
abutment. The width of the dog, is somewhat less than the space occupied
by the pins radially and the stop plate is provided with a recess as shown into
which the dog may retire when it is struck by a pin thus permitting the latter to
move up to the abutment as already explained.
When it is desired to move the paper backward between the punches, the
circuit of the motor is opened and the spring pawl E13, is dropped to lock the two
ends of the springs together so as to take the strain of the spring off the feed wheel.
The clutch may also be operated to disconnect the motor shaft. As will be seen
the paper may then be moved freely as the toothed wheel engaging with the central
line of perforations may then move without opposition..
The manner in which the device may be electrically connected is indicated in
Fig. 26, where M, B, indicates any suitable source of electric energy, preferably of
constant potential. Connections are made between the various parts so that circuits
may be traced as follows:-From one pole of generator M, B, to the spring or
contact arm R2, and thence to the contact R³, (while the apparatus is in condition
for perforating,) thence to the insulated plate carrying the contact q', to the
contact lever 2, to the frame of the apparatus, then to the punch magnet which
may be designated as the No. 1, punch, or the one which is brought into action by
the operation of any one of the levers, thence to the frame carrying the contact
levers O, thence by any one or more of the circuits which may be closed through
the contacts 2, to the punch magnets and stop magnets, thence to a common
connection of the same through assisting magnets B2, and back to the other pole
of the source M, B.
When the spring R2, is thrown over to make contact with stop R', then the
circuit is from generator M, B, through R2, R, marker magnet S, and back to the
opposite pole of the generator. In this case the circuit for the stop and punch
magnets and their circuit controllers is broken at the contact point R3, and remains
broken until the paper carriage is drawn back.

page_text: The feed releasing magnet I, may be included in an independent branch or
cir uit traced as follows. From one pole of generator M, B, through contact i
spring, magnet I, back to the opposite pole of the generator.
It will of course be understood that the various magnets are wound, or the
resistance of their branches otherwise adjusted to the potential of the
source M, B.
In the normal condition of the apparatus the circuit of the generator M, B, is
broken at contact g', of the common circuit breaker and at the contacts 12, of the
individual circuit breakers. The circuit of the generator is, however, norm illy
closed through the release magnet I, its armature lever being thereby hell.
depressed in the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 8. There being no circuit
through the magnets B or H, the punches are retracted and the armature levers of
magnets H, and the setting arms or dogs, occupy the positions indicated in full
lines in Figs. 8 and 3. Upon the depression of any key lever, the connection is
first closed for the corresponding punch magnets and proper stop magnet at the
contacts, but no action is produced because the circuit is still open at the
contact . On further depression of the key lever connection is closed at ', an
the magnets B, and the one magnet H, which predetermines the extent of feed,
are operated. A two fold action is thereby produced; the punches operate the
paper and one of the stop pins is thrown up. At the same time also the circuit of
the release magnet I, is broken at P, and the releasing arm or dog rises above the
stop or abutment with which the escapement wheel pin last operated is in engage-
ment and takes the position indicated in dotted lines, ready to throw down said pin
and thereby to allow the wheel to move until the pin which has been set by the
magnet H, strikes the abutment.
Owing to the fact that in the downward movement of the key lever the contact
at, is closed after contacts 1, are closed, it is obvious that no sparking or electrical
action can take place at contacts 2, but it will all take place at contact q', and the
time of action of all the magnets B and H, will be determined by the time of
closure at q. As the key lever rises at the beginning of the movement no action
is produced on the contact g, but finally at the lost part of the movement, the
circuit is broken at the contact, thereby breaking the circuits of all the
magnets B or H, whose connections still remain closed at contacts . Any spark
or are produced by the opening of the circuits, therefore, takes place at contact 7,
and the break of the connections at 2, as the key lever moves upward further
produces no deleterious effect.
An additional advantage in the common breaker is found in the fact that the
various punch magnet branches will remain closed together in multiple arrangement
just prior to the action of said common breaker. By this means the punch magnet
branches may mutually discharge into one another thereby avoiding much of the
spark that would otherwise be produced.
When the magnets B, lose their power the punches are retracted by the action
of the retracting springs which are unopposed by magnets Band B', and in moving
back cause the connection to be closed for the release magnet which thereupon
drives down the stop pin and the feed takes place, the wheel being stopped by the
pin which was set on the depression of the selecting key lever.
After a predetermined number of actions of the key levers the actions already
explained as taking place through the operation of a circuit closer and breaker R,
will occur.
In the machine for punching the continuous row of holes shown in Figs. 27-30,
power may be applied to the punch carrying wheel in which case the punches, by
engaging with the dies in the die bands, will cause the same to travel or rice versi,
the power may be applied to the die band to cause it to travel continuously and
said band will by engagement with the punches, cause the punch wheel to rotate.
Or power may be applied to both in which case each will act as a check upon the
power of the other, the meshing of the punches and die openings in the band
causing them to travel in exact correspondence. In some cases, if the strength of

page_text: the paper will permit, the power might be applied to the paper so as to pull it
through between the punch wheel and band. The paper strip or fillet is fel
between the band and punches in any suitable way.
In this machine, A, is a suitable base on which the frames or standards carrying
the working parts are mounted.
B, is a wheel mounted on an axle C, and having punches D, projecting radially
from its periphery. These punches may be mounted on the wheel by driving them
into holes in a flange b, of said wheel. The construction is of special advantage
from the fact that the punches when worn may be driven radially outward an!
reground, thus rendering repairs of the punches a matter of little expense.
a shaft driven by an electric or other motor and geared to axle C, by a worm or
other gear as shown.
E, is
F, is the flexible die band or strip. This band consists preferably of a ribbon of
sheet metal in which are formed the die openings as clearly shown in Fig. 29. The
band travels in the direction indicated by the arrow over wheels G, G, and at the
point where it is engaged by the punches, is supported by an idler wheel H, formed
at h, with a groove coinciding with the line of die openings in the band. The
punchings drop into this groove and escape below. To aid in clearing the die
openings from punchings, a toothed idler wheel I, may be employed. The teeth
of this idler mesh with the band and are adapted to pass well through the same as
indicated in Fig. 29, and force out the punchings.
When the band travels at high speed there is liability that the refuse punchings
may be carried over onto wheel G, and collect so as to obstruct the operation of
the apparatus. To obviate this either or both of the wheels G, may be formed
with a grooved periphery as shown and rather sharp edges hetween the grooves.
This grooving may be made by cutting a serew thread in the periphery. The
band passes around this grooved periphery but raised above the diameter of the
wheels near the sides. The action of this grooving is to cut up the paper clips
and to afford a space for them so that they may not come between the peripheries
of G, G, and the metal die band. Moreover the raised threads and diminished
diameters at either side of the thread permits a free passage for the point of
the die band. The ends of said band are riveted together near the outer edges
of the band and in such manner as to allow the rivets to pass over the reduced
diameters of G, G.
Fig. 28, shows a ribbon so jointed. This specific feature is claimed although die
bands whether made of a continuous closed strip or of a strip whose ends are
otherwise fastened may be used under this invention.
K, is the paper strip or fillet which is fed between the punch wheel and band
from a reel L, onto a reel M. The latter takes up the paper as fast as it is
punched and may be driven by a belt N, passing over a pulley O, on the main
shaft C. The belt is adapted to slip as the size of the roll on the reel M,
increases. This the wheel will be driven at sufficient speed to take up the paper
at the beginning of the operation of the machine but will not break the paper
when, owing to the larger diameter of the roll, it tends to wind the paper up at a
faster rate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination, substantially as described, of a series of punch actuating
magnets, a series of circuit selecting keys for operating said punches, a paper feed,
and a series of feed controlling magnets different ones of which are brought into
action by said keys according to the extent of feed required.
2. The combination in a perforator, of a gang of punch operating devices, a series
of controlling keys, a variable paper feed provided with a series of setting devices
for predetermining the extent of teed, means controlled by said keys upon the
depression thereof for bringing different ones of said setting devices into action

page_text: according to the length of feed required, a motor for imparting a continuous rotary
tendency to said feed wheel, a fixed stop for arresting said wheel, and means for
releasing said setting devices.
3. The combination with a series of punch actuating magnets, of a series of
circuit selecting keys, a variable feed device having a series of stop pins, a series
of stop pin setting magnets, and circuit controllers therefor governed or operated
by said keys.
4. The combination with a series of punch actuating magnets, of a series of
circuit selecting keys, a variable feed device having a series of stop pins, a series
of stop pin setting magnets, a series of circuit controllers therefor connected to the
keys, a stop pin releasing device. and means for actuating the same when the
punches are withdrawn from the work.
5. In a perforator, the combination, substantially as described, of a series of
punch actuating devices, a series of controlling keys for selecting the punches to
be actuated, a feed mechanism, a series of dogs operating on the same to set
and prepare said mechanism for a feed movement different in extent for the
different dogs, actuating devices controlled by said keys for actuating different
ones of said dogs according to the key depressed, a releasing device for said feed
mechanism, and means for actuating the same when the punches are withdrawn
from the work.
6. The combination of a series of punch actuating or controlling magnets, a
series of key levers, a series of chains or cords transverse thereto and engaged
thereby in different groups or combinations according to the perforations desired,
a series of circuit closers connected with said chains, paper feed devices, a series of
stop setting magnets for the paper feed, and circuit controllers for said magnets
connected to a set of supplemental chains or cords engaged by said key levers, as
and for the purpose described.
7. The combination with a keyboard perforator wherein the depression of one of
the keys produces the desired group or sequence of perforations, an escapement
wheel having a series of movable teeth or pins, a fixed stop or abutment for
arresting said teeth or pins, and means controlled by each of said keys whereby
when the same is depressed to actuate the desired punches it at the same time sets
or moves a pin sufficiently far removed from said fixed stop or abutment to permit
a feed movement of the desired length to take place.
8. As a means for obtaining any desired intermittent rotation of irregular steps,
a variable feed escapement wheel having a series of sliding stop pins or teeth
each adapted to be set into and out of position for engagement with a stop,
and means for setting these pins at any required position with reference to said
stop.
9. The variable feed escapement wheel herein described provided with a series
of movable stop pins, a series of setting arms or levers having stationary supports
operating on said pins singly or one at a time for each step of rotation, a stationary
stop, and a detent arm or lever adapted to engage with and reset the pin which for
the time being is in engagement with the stationary stop.
10. A variable feed escapement wheel having a series of movable stops, pins or
teeth normally out of the path of a stop, means for independently setting said stop
pins or teeth into and out of operative position one at a time for each step of rotation,
a stop for arresting said pins, said pins being adapted to be moved in the wheel in
a direction transverse to the plane of the wheel, and means for holding said pins in
the position in which they are set.
11. A variable feed escapement wheel having a series of movable stop pins or
teeth adapted to be independently set into and out of operative position, one at a
time for each step of rotation, a stop for arresting said pins, a series of setting
devices for setting said pins, and a pair of centering cam plates between which the
pins move before reaching said setting devices.
12. The combination with the escapement wheel, having movable stop pins or

page_text: teeth, of a releasing arın or dog adapted to yield when engaged by a pin, as and for
the purpose described.
13. The combination with the escapement wheel having movable stop pins, of a
series of setting arms or dogs, and a releasing arm for engaging with the pin
which engages with a fixed stop or abutment, said arm being adapted to yield
and move past the abutment when engaged by the pin which has been set to next
engage with said abutment.
14. The combination, substantially as described, of an escapement wheel carrying
a number of movable stop pins or teeth, a series of stop setting magnets acting on
pins at different distances from a fixed stop, and a stop pin releasing magnet for
actuating the pin by which the wheel is held from movement.
15. The combination of a series of actuating magnets operated in different
combinations, a variable feed wheel carrying a series of movable stop pins, a series
of setting magnets different ones of which are operated according to the com-
bination of actuating magnets operated and length of feed required, a stop pin
resetting magnet, and a circuit controller therefor governed by the said actuating
magnets and adapted to act only when all of the actuated devices return to normal
position.
16. The combination, substantially as described, of a series of punches, a series
of actuating magnets therefor, feed mechanism provided with an escapement wheel
whose teeth or pins are adapted to be set into and out of position to engage a stop,
a series of actuating magnets for setting said pins one at a time, a tooth resetting
magnet for releasing the wheel, and a circuit controller therefor engaged by the
punch mechanism or part moving therewith.
17. The combination in a perforator, of a series of punches, a paper feed
mechanism having a variable feed wheel, a series of stop setting devices for
predetermining the extent of feed, a releasing magnet for resetting said stops and
freeing the wheel to allow the feed to take place, and a circuit controller therefor
connected with the punches.
18. The combination with a typewriter, of a series of circuit controllers
actuated by the typewriter levers, and a circuit breaker engaged by the type-
writer carriage at the end of a line for opening the circuits of said circuit
controllers.
19. The combination, of a series of punch operating magnets, a series of circuit
selecting keys, a magnetically actuated marker, and means controlled by said keys
for closing a circuit of said marker after a predetermined number of operations of
said keys.
20. The combination with a series of punch operating magnets, of a series of
circuit selecting key levers, an escapement connected with said levers, a traveller
moved step-by-step thereby, and a circuit breaker adapted to be engaged by said
traveller to open the circuit of the magnets after the operation of a predetermined
number of keys.
21. The combination with a series of punch operating magnets, of a series of
circuit closers, a typewriter whose keys or key levers are provided with selecting
devices acting on said circuit closers, and a circuit breaker engaged by the paper
carriage for opening the circuit at the end of a line.
. 22. The combination, substantially as described, of a series of punch actuating
magnets, a series of circuit controlling keys or levers therefor, and mechanism for
opening the circuit of said magnets apon the operation of a predetermined number
of keys equal to the number of spaces or characters in each of the lines of the
message.
23. The combination with a series of independent actuating magnets and their
retracters, of one or more magnets placed in a common return circuit for said
actuating magnets, and connected to the mechanism so as to assist the actuating
magnete in overcoming the retracter.
24. The combination, substantially as described, of a series of punches and
"

page_text: independent actuating magnets therefor, of retracting devices operating on the
armature of said magnets, and an assisting magnet or magnets for assisting the said
actuating magnets in overcoming their retracting devices.
25. The combination, substantially as described, of the paper feed wheel, the
take up reel and a driving motor common to the two wheels, a spring between Baid
motor and paper feed wheel, and a ratchet and pawl connection between the motor
and take up reel whereby the motor may be turned backward without affecting the
take up reel and its driving connections.
26. The combination of a paper feed wheel having a series of independent
movable teeth or pins, and a fixed stop, substantially as described, whereby the said
feed wheel shall have a definite predetermined irregular step of rotation, a take up
reel on which the paper is wound as fast as fed from said feed wheel, a driving
motor for said wheel, and an intermediate frictional driving connection for
compensating for increase in the size of the roll of paper.
27. A paper feed wheel having on its periphery teeth adapted to engage with
perforations in the paper to be fed, and provided with stop pins or teeth adapted
to be set into and out of position to engage with a suitable stop.
28. In a perforator, the combination with the paper feed wheel having teeth
entering perforations in the paper, of means for freeing said wheel from its driving
power to permit the paper to be adjusted freely in front of the punches while
engaged with said wheel."
29. The combination, substantially as described, with the feed escapement wheel
and its driving spring, means for mechanically connecting the two ends of said
spring to prevent the same from unwinding, as and for the purpose described.
30. The combination, substantially as described, of a paper feed escapement
wheel having movable stops or pins for determining irregular steps of rotation, a
stop for arresting said wheel in definite positions, an actuating spring for driving
said wheel, a driving motor for winding up said spring, a take up reel, and a belt
connection between said reel and the paper feed wheel or driving wheel therefor.
31. The combination, substantially as described, of the driving wheel connected
at one end to a spiral spring, a drum connected at the other end to said spring, and
a locking device connecting said driven wheel and drum together at will, as and for
the purpose described.
32. A variable feed escapement wheel having adjustably movable stop pins or
teeth set staggering, and a stop for arresting said wheel, as and for the purpose
described.
33. The combination with the punches and the feed wheel over which the paper
strip is fed, of means for adjusting the length of paper strip between the feed
wheel and the egress side of the punch box or head, as and for the purpose
described.
34. The combination with a series of punch actuating devices and a series of
controlling keys for bringing the same into operation in different combinations, of
a rub out key for bringing said punch actuating devices into operation so as
to produce a continuous series of holes uniformly spaced.
35. In a
perforating system, the combination substantially as described, of a
fillet of paper with a central row of perforations, a mechanism for perforating holes
in the borders of said fillet, a feed wheel whose teeth engage with the central row
of perforations for moving said fillet of paper, and a means for adjusting the length
of paper between said feed wheel and a punch head for perforating the outer
holes of the fillet whereby the outer perforations in the fillet are brought into
transverse alignment with those of the central row, as and for the purpose set
forth.
36. As a means of automatically transmitting messages for reproduction by a
page printer at a distant station, a tape in which said messages are perforated, one
line following another in series upon said tape and each line consisting first of
groups of distinctive perforations for so marking each line of character as to
produce pulsatious that shall not materially affect the receiving instrument.

page_text: 37. The combination, substantially as described, of a series of punch actuating
magnets, a feed mechanism, a series of feed controlling magnets governing the
extent of feed, a series of controlling keys governing the circuits of said punch
actuating and feed controlling magnets, and a circuit making and breaking device
placed in a common circuit of said magnets and controlled or operated by said keys
in common.
38. The combination, substantially as described, with a series of punch actuating
mechanisms and their controlling keys, of a variable feed mechanism, a series of
feed controlling magnets in separate circuits governed by said keys according to
the length of feed required, and a circuit maker and breaker common to said
circuits and governed by said keys in common.
39. In a perforator, the combination of a variable feed controlling wheel, having
a series of movable stop pins or teeth adapted to set into and out of position for
engagement with a stop, a series of magnets operating respectively
on pins located
at graduated distances from the top, a series of circuit controlling and actuating
devices for operating different ones of said circuit controllers according to the
length of feed required, and a circuit maker and breaker placed in a common
circuit of said magnets and operated by said actuating devices in common.
40. The combination, substantially as described, of the paper feed wheel having
pins or teeth engaging a line of perforations in the paper both before and after it
passes the punches, and a pivoted take up wheel or idler bearing on the paper
between the feed wheel and the ingress side of the punch box or head for stretching
the paper fillet within said punch head, as and for the purpose set forth.
41. The combination in a perforator, of a series of magnets, punch actuating
mechanism operated thereby, a paper feed wheel having pins or teeth engaging a
line of perforations in the paper, and provided also with a series of movable stop
pins, a series of magnets for adjusting different ones of said pins into position to
engage with a stop, a magnet operating on said pins to adjust them into position
to be freed from the stop, and a circuit controller therefor connected to the punch
actuating mechanism.
42. The combination with the variable feed wheel having stop pins set staggering,
of a releasing dog, and a stop plate provided with a recess into which the dog may
be retired when struck by a pin, as and for the purpose described.
<
43. A feed wheel for feeding a fillet of paper, a motor for applying a continuous
propelling force to said feed wheel for effecting rotation, escapement teeth or stops
moving with the wheel which are movable relatively to said wheel for releasing the
same, and a stop for arresting said escapement teeth or stops in a definite position,
as and for the purpose set forth.
44. A feed wheel for feeding a fillet of paper moving through steps of various
length, a motor for applying a continuous propelling force for rotating said wheel,
a series of escapement teeth or stops moving with said wheel which are movable
relatively thereto, and a stop for arresting said wheel in definite positions.
45. In a punching apparatus, the combination substantially as described, of a
punch wheel having radially projecting punches, and a series of co-operating dies
formed as a flexible band or strip.
:
46. In a punching apparatus, the combination substantially as described; of a
wheel carrying a series of radially projecting punches, and a perforated metal
band forming a die plate for said punches.
47. The combination, substantially as described, of the punch wheel, the endless
die band, and the grooved supporting wheel beneath the band at the point where it
is engaged by the punches.
48. The combination with the endless die band, of the toothed clearance wheel
meshing therewith, as and for the purpose described.
49. The combination with the travelling die band, of the wheel having its
surface over which the band passes, formed with a grooved periphery, as and for
the purpose described.
50. The combination of the punch wheel shaft, the punch wheel, a perforated

page_text: metal band forming the die plate for said punches, a motor for driving said punch
wheel and die plate, and the take up wheel belted to the shaft of said punch
wheel.
Dated this 29th day of September 1896.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.