Improvements in Machines for Forming Nipples for the Wheel- spokes of Bicycles and similar Vehicles.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 12th 'Mar., 1898
Improvements in Machines for Forming Nipples for the Wheel-
spokes of Bicycles and similar Vehicles.
I, ANDREW CHAMBRE CAMPBELL, of 186, Hillside Avenue, Waterbury, in the
County of New Haven and State of Connecticut, United States of America, Mechani-
cal Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a machine for forming the nipples used in wire spoke
wheels for bicycles and similar vehicles.
The object is to provide an automatic machine which will rapidly and accurately
form such nipples without requiring constant or skilled attendance.
With the machine shown the blanks cut to the required lengths and provided
with heads of the desired shape, are thrown promiscuously into a hopper and by
an elevator are lifted a few at a time and allowed to move down a trough. The
lower of the blanks rests in a notch in a slide at the bottom of the trough and as
the slide is reciprocated the blanks are carried one at a time beneath spring fingers
which descend, grasp and pick up the blank presented, then, after the slide has
been withdrawn, descend and hold the blank in front of an open pair of jaws on
a carrier. A pusher advances and thrusts the blank from the fingers into the jaws,
which are then closed by the oscillation of a jaw locking cam.
The blank gripped
by the jaws is carried a complete revolution by the carrier, which has an inter-
mittent rotary movement imparted by an index disk that is unlocked and given
eight intermittent rotary movements to accomplish one revolution. There are
eight driving mortises in the index disk, therefore there are eight dwells for the
carrier and blanks during one revolution, and there are eight pairs of jaws on the
carrier, to one pair of which a blank is fed at each dwell of the carrier. The index
driving crank is reciprocated so that the crank only engages with and moves the
index disk a step every other revolution of the crank. This gives the blanks a
longer dwell for the operation of the tools than they would have if the crank moved
the index disk at each revolution of the cam shaft.
By the intermittent rotary movements of the carrier each blank is carried into
position to be operated upon by a tool that turns a centering recess and tapers off
the outside of the end, then into position to be operated upon by a drill that bores
a longitudinal hole part way through, then into position to be operated upon by
a drill that completes the perforation through the blank, then into position to be
operated upon by mills which slab off opposite sides of the blank, then into position
to be operated upon by another set of mills which slab off other opposite sides, then
into position to be operated upon by a tap that threads the perforation, and, finally,
into position where the jaws are opened and an ejector pushes out the finished
nipple. A blank is inserted into the jaws from which a finished nipple has been
ejected, and the centering, turning, drilling, slabbing and tapping tools move up and
operate simultaneously upon the successive blanks presented in front of them after
each intermittent movement of the carrier.
Of the drawings, Fig. 1 is a rear elevation of such a machine. Fig. 2 is an ele

page_text: vation of the left hand end of the machine. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the right hand
end. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on such a plane as to show the hopper
and the feed mechanisms. Fig. 5 illustrates the arrangement of the grasping
fingers. Fig. 6 illustrates the arrangement of the slide, which presents the blanks
to the grasping fingers. Fig. 7 illustrates the pusher which moves the blanks
into, and the ejector which ejects the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier.
Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section taken on such a plane as to show the con-
struction of the carrier with the holding jaws and the mechanisms for operating
these. Fig. 9 is a section through the center of the carrier with the jaws. Fig. 10
is a view of the jaw opening and closing mechanism. Fig. 11 illustrates the jaws.
Fig. 12 illustrates the jaw locking cams. Fig. 13 is an end view showing the mech-
anism for intermittently rotating the carrier. Fig. 14 is a side view of this mech-
anism. Fig. 15 is a view of a part of the index moving mechanism. Fig. 16 is
a view showing the locking mechanism, which holds the index in correct position
when the carrier should remain stationary. Fig. 17 is a side view of a portion
of the left hand end of the machine, showing the centering, turning, drilling and
slabbing mechanisms. Fig. 18 is a section looking toward the centering, turning,
drilling and slabbing mechanisms. Fig. 19 is a sectional view showing the cen-
tering and turning spindle. Fig. 20 is a sectional view, showing the slabbing
mills and their spindle. Fig. 21 is an edge view of one of the brackets that sup-
ports the slabbing mills. Fig. 22 is a view of the connection used between the
slabbing mill frame and the movable carriage. Fig. 23 is an end view of a portion
of the machine, showing the tapping mechanism. Fig. 24 is a side view of the
tapping mechanism. Fig. 25 is a section taken through the clutch shaft of the
tapping mechanism. Fig. 26 illustrates the results of the operations of this machine.
Fig. 27 is a side view of the hopper and the feed trough leading therefrom. Fig. 28
is a front view of the same. Fig. 29 is a plan view of the feed trough. Fig. 30
is a detail side view of the pusher and ejecting mechanism. And Fig. 31 is a plan
view of this mechanism, showing the relation of the pusher and the ejector to the
jaw carrier.
A standard 1 of any form may be employed for supporting the machine. Upon
this standard is a table 2, and supported upon this, by legs 3, is a bed 4.
Projecting rearwardly from the table are lugs 5 and secured to these are posts G
which, at their upper ends, hold lugs 7 that project from the walls of the feed hop-
per 8. The feed hopper is formed with its side walls at the top flaring outwardly
so that the blanks will gravitate toward the center. Moving through the lower
part of the hopper is an elevator plate 9 that has its upper inclined end provided
with a slot sufficiently wide to receive the shanks but not the heads of the blanks.
Blanks in the hopper tend to slide down the inclined walls toward the center and
rest with their heads on the upper inclined end of the elevator and their shanks
hanging in the slot in this end of the elevator. Connected with the elevator near
its lower end is a rod 10, which at its lower end is connected with the end of a
lever 11 that is pivotally supported by a bracket 12 attached to the standard. This
lever is slotted for a portion of its length, and loosely fitting in this slot is a block
that is eccentrically connected with the face of a gear-wheel 13 supported by the
bracket 12. Meshing with this gear-wheel is a pinion 14 that is mounted upon
a shaft that bears a pulley 15. When this pulley is rotated the pinion rotates the
gear-wheel and the block on the face of the gear oscillates the lever, which, in
turn, reciprocates the rod and moves the elevator in the hopper up and down.
When the elevator moves up the blanks which it receives in its slotted end will be
lifted sufficiently high to slide down the inclined end into the trough 16. The
rod 10 is adjustably connected with the end of the lever 11 in order that the move-
ment of the elevator may be properly determined. Held by a lug 17 projecting
from the elevator plate is an adjustable stop screw 18 that is set so as to engage
at the proper time with the under side of one of the lugs 7 that project from the
walls of the hopper, in order that the elevator will dwell at the end of its upward
movement in the correct position. (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4).

page_text: In its upper position, the slot of the elevator forms a continuation of the slot of
the trough 16, so the blanks will slide by gravity from the elevator into the trough.
The upper end of the trough is connected with the hopper and the lower end is sup-
ported by a block 19 mounted upon. the bed. At the lower end the trough ter-
iminates in a grooved way 20 that turus at right angles to the plane of the groove
of the trough so that the blanks as they pass down the trough, hanging by their
heads, turn around and over and rest horizontally upon the movable slide which
forms the bottom of the way. This slide has a dove-tailed part 21 that is fitted
into a dove-tailed groove in the block 19, and a bar 22 that is adapted. to move
back and forth beneath the opening at the lower end of the groove 20. This bar 22
has a notch 23 of a size that will receive the shank of one of the blanks, and the
walls of this bar are cut away upon each side of the notch for a portion of its
length, leaving a projecting support 24. (Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 6).
The dove-tailed part of the slide has a mortise, into which projects one end of
à bent lever 25 pivoted to the block 19, the other end of the lever being loosely con-
nected with a bar 26. This bar bears a roll 27 that is held in engagement with
the edge of a cam 28 on the main cam shaft 30 by the tension of a spring, and the
end of, the bar is forked and fits upon a block 29 on the cam, shaft. When the
rotation of the cam through the roll reciprocates the bar the lever is oscillated
and the slide reciprocated so that the notch in the slide is moved from beneath
the open bottom of the guide-way to beneath the grasping fingers. The end of
this lever is adjustably connected with the end of this bar in. order that the move-
ment of the slide may be regulated. (Figs. 4, 6).
The lowermost blank. in the grooved way drops into the notch in the slide and
is carried into position to be picked up by the spring fingers 31.
These fingers
are connected with a block 32 attached to a dove-tailed. part 33 that is fitted into
and moves freely in a dove-tailed groove in a part of the block 19. Between the
spring fingers is a rigid finger 34 with a recessed end, and the lower ends of the
spring fingers are bent so as to grasp and hold a blank between them against the
end of the rigid finger 34. (Figs. 4, 5).
The dove-tailed part 33 is drawn down by a spring 35 so as to tend to keep the
spring fingers in their lowest position. The forked end of a rocker arm 36 engages
with a pin projecting from the part 33, and connected with the shaft of this rocker
arm is another rocker arm 37. The end of this latter rocker arm is loosely con-
nected with the end of a rod 38 that is connected at its other end with a. lever 39,
which bears a roll that engages a cam 40 on the main cam shaft. The rod 38
is adjustably connected with the lever and rocker arm so that the amount of. move-
ment of the slide may be accurately determined. The rotation. of the cam 40
oscillates the lever 39 in one direction and; through the rod 38, oscillates the
rocker arms 36 and 37, causing the fingers to be raised. When moved downwardly
by the spring 35 the fingers snap onto the blank in the notch of the slide. The
cam 40 is so timed that the fingers move downwardly, grasp a blank and move up-
wardly until the slide is withdrawn, and then they move further downwardly in
front of the pusher that advances and moves the blank from the fingers into the
jaws of the carrier, after which the fingers are raised so that the slide may bring
forward another blank. (Figs. 4, 5, 6).
The pusher 41 that advances the blank from the grasp of the fingers to the jaws
is a short piece with a cup-shaped end borne by a part adjustably connected with
the shaft 42 that is loosely held in bearings formed in a bracket 43 attached to the
bed of the machine. Supported by a part connected with the same shaft 42 is
the ejector pin 44. (Figs. 4, 7).
The bearings in the bracket 43 support the shaft 42 with the pusher on one side
and the ejector upon the other side of the plane of the jaw carrier and in line with
each other and with openings between the jaws as they are brought around and.
stopped between them while the tools are performing their operations upon the
blanks held by the other jaws. As the blanks are headed the pusher must push
them into the openings between the jaws from the headed ends, and of course the

page_text: ejector must push them out from the opposite direction. Thus the ejector is on
the same side of the jaw carrier as are the operating tools and the pusher is on the
opposite side of the jaw carrier from the tools. When the ejector and pusher
are located in this manner the pusher forces the blanks into the jaws in a direc-
tion toward the advancing operating tool carriage, and the ejector whose axis is
in line with the axis of the pusher pushes the finished nipples from the jaws in
the same direction as the advancing tool carriage but independently of the move-
ment of the tools.
Mounted upon the bracket 43 is a bent lever 45. One end of this lever engages
with a part of the shaft 42 and the other end is connected with a rod 46 that is
jointed to a bent lever 47 bearing a roll that is held by a spring in engagement
with the cam 48 on the main cam shaft. The rotation of this cam oscillates the
lever 47, which, through the rod 46, oscillates the lever 45 so as to reciprocate
the shaft bearing the inserting pusher and ejecting pin. This cam is so timed
and oscillates the levers in such a manner that, when the said levers are moved in
one direction, the pusher is moved forward to advance a blank from the grasp of
the fingers into those jaws on the carrier that are stopped in front of the blank
held in the fingers and are in line with the pusher while the tools are operating
upon the other blank, and, when the said levers are moved in the reverse direc-
tion, the ejecting pin will force out from the jaws any completed nipple (that is
to say, any nipple that has been operated upon by all of the tools and has stopped
in line with the ejecting pin) before a new blank is presented to the said jaws by
the pusher (Figs. 1, 4, 7).
In the machine shown there are eight sets of jaws for holding the blanks, and
these jaws are arranged equal distances apart on the carrier disk 49 (Figs. 8 and 9),
which is mounted upon a shaft 50 that passes through a portion of the bed. Each
of the jaws 51 is held in position by a screw 52 and is adjusted to its proper position
by means of a screw pin 53 that has one side for a portion of its length flattened
off for the purpose of making that part of the pin wedge-shaped. Each of the
jaws 54 is held by a pivot 55, on which it is moved by a small cam 56. Each jaw
closing cam is formed by flattening. a portion of a pin that is loosely held in a
perforation in the carrier, and provided with a crank arm 57 having a stud 58
that projects into a cam groove 59 in the cam disc 60. Each of these cams 56
engages a spring 61 attached to a jaw 54, which spring can be adjusted by a
screw 62 so that the cam will close the jaw to the correct extent for tightly grasping
a blank. When a cam 56 is turned so that its flattened surface will lie against
a spring 61 the jaw 54 to which the spring is attached will open, but when that
cam is turned against the spring the jaw is moved so as to close and tightly
grasp a blank which has been placed between the recessed ends of the jaws.
(Figs. 8, 11, 12).
The cam disk 60 is mounted upon a collar on the shaft 50, and connected with
this disk is the end of a bar 63 that bears a roll which engages with a cam
groove in the disk 64 on the main cam shaft 30. The end of the bar 63 is forked
and fits upon a.guide 65, Figure 10, on the shaft 30. At the proper time the
cam 64 reciprocates the bar and moves the cam 59 so that the stud projecting from
the crank arm of one of the jaw locking cams is moved to unlock one of the jaws
for the ejection of a finished nipple and the reception of another blank. After
the new blank has been inserted the cam 59 is oscillated so as to rock the locking
cam and cause it to lock the jaws closed in such manner that they will tightly
hold the blank until the carrier makes a complete revolution and this pair of jaws
again returns to the unlocking position. (Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12).
The carrier shaft 50 bears a disk 66, Figures 3, 13 and 14, that is provided with
driving mortises 67 and index notches 68. On a crank arm 69 is a roll 70, and
when this roll passes into one of the driving mortises the disk is rotated one step.
The crank arm 69 is connected with a shaft 71 that is provided with a pinion 72
whereby it may be rotated, and a grooved collar 73 whereby it may be recipro-
(Fig. 15). Engaging with this collar is a block attached to a lever 74
cated.

page_text: that is pivoted to the bed and bears a roll which engages with a cam 75 on the
main cam shaft 30. The shaft 30 near the cam 75 bears a gear 76, and meshing with
this gear is a pinion 77 on a shaft 78, which at one end bears a driving pulley 79
and at the other end a hand wheel 80, Figures 1 and 2. When this pulley is
rotated the pinions and gear-wheel revolve the crank and, at the same time, the
cam 75 gives the shaft and crank a longitudinal reciprocation. If the shaft is
drawn in by the cam 75 the crank revolves without engaging a driving mortise
of the disk, but if the shaft is forced out the roll on the crank will engage with a
driving mortise and move the disk so as to advance the carrier with the jaws one
step. The cam 75 that reciprocates the shaft 71 is so timed that every other revo-
lution of the crank moves the disk. (Figs. 1, 3, 13, 14).
Supported by a bracket 81 attached to a part of the bed is a locking bolt 82.
The front end of this bolt is arranged to fit into the index notches 68 in the peri-
phery of the index disk and the bolt is forced forward by a spring plunger 83.
Projecting from the locking bolt is a pin with a roll 84 that is engaged by a
lever $5, which bears a roll in engagement with the periphery of a cam 86 mounted
on the main cam shaft 30. At the proper moment this cam 86 oscillates the lever 85
in such manner that the locking bolt is drawn back from the index notch in which
it rests, allowing the index disk and carrier to be rotated. The cam 86 is so timed
that the bolt is not withdrawn from an index notch until the crank arm is ready
to move the disk, and the bolt enters a locking notch just before the crank arm
passes from one of the driving mortises of the index disk. (Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16).
Mounted in a grooved way on the bed is a carriage 87, Figures 1, 2, 17, 18 and 23.
On a pin projecting from one side of this carriage is a roll 88, which is engaged by
a cam 89 on the cam shaft 30 so that the rotation of that shaft and cam recipro-
cate the carriage.
.
The carriage has upwardly projecting walls, and mounted in adjustable bearings
in these walls so as to move with the carriage are spindles 90, 91 and 92. The
spindles are arranged on the arc of a circle the center of which is co-incident with
the axis of the carrier and the axes of the spindles are in line with the center of
the openings through the jaws on the carrier. Each of these spindles bears at
one end a tool chuck and at the other end a pinion that meshes with a gear
The upper spindle 90 has a chuck fitted with a pointed tool 94 arranged to turn a
center in the ends of the blanks and a turning tool 95 arranged to turn a taper on
the outside of the ends of the blanks. The spindles 91 and 92 bear chucks fitted
with ordinary drills 96. The gear 93 is mounted on a shaft that is supported
by the carriage 87 and bears a driving pulley 97. When this pulley is rotated,
through the gear and pinions the said spindles are rotated simultaneously as they
move with the carriage back and forth. (Figs. 1, 2, 17, 18, 19, 23).
Held by bearings in the walls of the bed is a frame that supports a spindle 98.
This spindle extends transversely of the machine and has a collar 99 with a
sleeve 100, a driving pulley 101 and two pairs of milling tools 102. These mills
are mounted upon collars 103 and the pairs are held separated by a sleeve 104
that at one end is screw-threaded and provided with an adjusting nut 105 and
clamping nut 106. Outside of the mills at one end there is a securing nut 107,
(Fig. 20). These mills are arranged so that their peripheries will revolve in
planes ninety degrees apart on the arc of a circle the center of which is the axis
of the blank carrier, so that the blanks in travelling with the carrier will revolve
ninety degrees in passing from one set of mills to the other. The securing means
shown allows the distance between the mills to be accurately adjusted so that the
mills will slab off the sides of the blanks evenly. (Figs. 1, 17, 18).
The bracket 108 of the milling tool-frame is connected by an adjustable link 109
with the carriage 87 so that the reciprocation of the carriage oscillates the frame
and mills. The link is shown as formed of two end pieces 110 connected by a
threaded stud 111 bearing a turning hub 112. (Fig. 22). The bracket 113 is
formed in two parts, so that when the set bolt 114 is loosened the upper part can
be adjusted by the bolt 115, this movement permitting the distance between the

page_text: mills to be varied: When the carriage is reciprocated' and the centering, turning
and boring tools are carried forward, the mills are oscillated forward to accomplisli
their work on those blanks which are presented in front of them. (Figs. 1, 17,
18, 20, 21).
Movably supported by bearings in the walls of the carriage is a spindle 116
(Figures 2, 23 and 24) bearing on its front end a chuck with a tap 117 and, near
the middle of its length, a pinion 118. Connected with the spindle is a lever 119
that is connected by a link 120 with a lever 121 borne by a shaft that extends.
transversely of the bed and on the rear side of the machine bears a rocker arm 122
having a roll that is adapted to be engaged by a cam 123 on the periphery of the
drum 124. This cam is so arranged that at the proper time the arm 122 is rocked
and the levers oscillated to start the tap forward into the hole in the blank which
is to be threaded. (Figs. 1, 2, 23, and 24).
A
Meshing with the pinion 118 is a gear 125 mounted on a spindle 126 that has
a reciprocation in bearings in the brackets 127 secured to the bed. On the
spindle 126 are clutch pulleys 128 belted to rotate in opposite directions and ar-
ranged to engage hubs projecting from opposite sides of the gear 125. The gear
rotates acording to the direction of rotation of the clutch pulley that is in engage-
ment with it. The spindle 126 is provided with a grooved collar 129, and engaging
with this is the end of a T-shaped lever 130. The arm 131 of this lever is drawn
forward by a spring 132 and the arm 133 is connected with a rod 134 that passes
through a sleeve 135 loosely connected with the end of a bent lever 136.
spring 137 is placed on the rod 134 between the sleeve 135 and the adjusting and
clamping nuts 138, forming an elastic connection between the rod and sleeve, and
nuts 139 are provided for adjusting the amount of downward movement of the
rod through the sleeve 135. The lower end of the lever 136 is adapted to be en-
gaged by a spring latch 140 connected with the bed. Resting on this latch is a
trip lever 141 that by a rod 142 is connected with one end of the lever 121. The
rod 142 bears an adjustable collar 143 that is adapted to engage and oscillate the
trip lever 141 at the proper time. Connected with the lever 136 is a rod 144 that
extends through the walls of the bed transversely of the machine and on the rear
side is connected with the lever 145 that bears a roll which is engaged by the
cam 146 on the main cam shaft 30. (Figs. 23, 24 and 25).
The tap spindle 116 is rotated in one direction by one of the clutch pulleys and
the gear and pinion. At the proper time the cam 123 oscillates the rocker arm 122
and this causes the levers 121 and 119 to force the rotating tap spindle forward
so that the tap feeds positively into the hole to be threaded. The cam 123 is
short, so that it only feeds the tap in a short distance and then allows the tap to
feed itself to complete the threading of the perforation. When the tap has ad-
vanced as far as necessary the collar 143 moves the trip lever 141 so that it forces
the spring latch 140 from engagement with the end of the lever 136, leaving the
lever free to move. When this lever is free the spring 132 oscillates the lever 130
in such manner that the spindle 126 is reciprocated and one clutch pulley disen-
gaged from a hub of the gear 125 and the other clutch pulley engaged with the
other hub of the gear 125. This causes the gear, and of course the pinion and tap
spindle, to be rotated in the reverse direction, and when rotating in this direction
the tan turns itself out of the thread cut during its forward movement. At the
correct time, after the tap has been withdrawn from the thread it has cut, the
cam 146 oscillates the lever 145, which reciprocates the rod 144 and draws back
the lever 136 against the pull of the spring 137 until this lever 136 is again en-
gaged and held by the spring latch 140. This movement of the lever 136 draws
down the arm 133 of the lever 130, putting the spring 132 under tension and at
the same time reversing the grasp of the clutch pulleys upon the hub of the gear
so that the tap will rotate forward. With this arrangement the tap is first started
forward with a positive feed and then allowed to feed itself until the threading
is completed, after which the rotation of the tap is reversed so that it will turn
itself out of the thread it has cut. The tap thus feeds forward and backward,

page_text: rotating first in one direction and then the other, continuously. The clutch pulleys
are caused to engage with the hubs of the gear without jamming, by connections
which are adjustable and which are somewhat elastic, so that they may be nicely
adjusted and will always operate without either damaging the tap or the work which
the tap has accomplished in the blank. The adjustment of these parts also allows
the accurate determination of the forward and backward movement of the tap
so that smooth even work can be readily accomplished with the desired effort.
(Figs. 23, 24, 25).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, drilling, tapping and milling tools movable simul-
taneously toward and from the carrier for operating upon the blanks, an ejector
movable on the tool side of the carrier independently of the tools for discharging
the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, and mechanisms for moving
the ejector, substantially as specified.
2. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, means for opening and closing the jaws
of the carrier, drilling, tapping and milling tools movable simultaneously
toward and from the carrier for operating upon the blanks, an ejector
movable on the tool side of the carrier independently of the tools for discharging
the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, and mechanisms for moving the
ejector, substantially as specified.
3. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a pusher for advancing the blanks from the feed mech-
anisms into the jaws of the carrier, tools movable toward and from the carrier
for operating upon the blanks, and an ejector connected with the pusher for dis-
charging the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, substantially as speci-
.fied.
4. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a pusher for advancing the blanks from the feed mech-
anisms into the jaws of the carrier, tools movable independently of the pusher
toward and from the carrier for operating upon the blanks, and an ejector con-
nected with the pusher for discharging the finished nipples from the jaws of the
carrier, substantially as specified.
5. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the aws of the carrier, boring and milling tools movable together toward and
from the carrier for operating upon the blanks, a threading tool movable indepen-
dently of the boring and milling tools toward and from the carrier for threading
the blanks, and an ejector for discharging the finished nipples from the jaws of the
carrier, substantially as specified.
6. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning

page_text: and boring tools supported by and movable with the carriage, and mills supported
by the bed independently of the carriage and movable simultaneously with the
turning and boring tools, substantially as specified.
7. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning
and boring tools supported by and movable with the carriage, mills supported
by the bed independently of the carriage, and a connection between the mill sup-
porting frame and the carriage, substantially as specified.
8. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms, for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning
and boring tools supported by and movable with the carriage, and mills supported
by a frame that is pivotally connected with the bed, substantially as specified.
9. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning
and boring tools supported by and movable with the carriage, and a tap supported
by but movable independently of the carriage, substantially as specified.
10. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanism for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning
and boring tools supported by and movable longitudinally together with the car-
riage, a tap supported by but movable independently of the carriage, and mills
supported independently of but movable with the carriage, substantially as specified.
11. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning
and boring tools supported by and movable longitudinally together with the car-
riage, a tap supported by but movable independently of the carriage, mills sup-
ported independently of but movable with the carriage, and an ejector supported
by the bed and movable independently of the carriage, substantially as specified.
12. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, a carrier, with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted
upon the bed, feed mechanisms for transferring the blanks from the receptacle
to the jaws of the carrier, a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning
and boring tools supported by and movable with the carriage, a tap supported by
but movable independently of the carriage, mills borne by a frame pivotally con-
rected with the bed in advance of the carriage, and a link connecting the mill frame
with the carriage, substantially as specified.
13. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, an elevator for lifting the blanks from the receptacle, a trough for
receiving the blanks from the elevator, a slide for carrying the blanks from the
trough, reciprocating fingers for removing the blanks from the slide, a carrier,
with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted upon the bed, a
pusher for advancing the blanks from the fingers into the jaws of the carrier, cut-
ting and tapping tools movable toward and from the carrier, and a movable ejector
for discharging the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, substantially as
specified.
14. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, an elevator for lifting the blanks from the receptacle, a trough for re-
ceiving the blanks from the elevator, a slide for carrying the blanks from the

page_text: trough, reciprocating fingers for moving the blanks from the slide, a carrier, with
holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted upon the bed, a pusher
for advancing the blanks from the fingers into the jaws of the carrier, means for
intermittently rotating the carrier, mechanisms for opening and closing the jaws,
cutting and tapping tools movable toward and from the carrier, and a movable
ejector for discharging the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, sub-
stantially as specified.
15. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, an elevator for lifting the blanks from the receptacle, a trough for re-
ceiving the blanks from the elevator, a slide for carrying the blanks from the
trough, reciprocating fingers for removing the blanks from the slide, a carrier,
with holding jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted upon the bed, a pusher
for advancing the blanks from the fingers into the jaws of the carrier, means for
intermittently rotating the carrier, mechanisms for opening and closing the jaws,
a carriage movable toward and from the carrier, turning and boring tools mounted
on the carriage and movable simultaneously with the carriage toward and from
the carrier, and a movable ejector on the tool side of the carriage for discharging
the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, substantially as specified.
16. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, an elevator for lifting the blanks from the receptacle, a trough for re-
ceiving the blanks from the elevator, a slide for carrying the blanks from the trough,
fingers for removing the blanks from the slide, a carrier, with holding jaws for
grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted upon the bed, a pusher for advancing the
blanks from the fingers into the jaws of the carrier, means for intermittently
rotating the carrier, mechanisms for opening and closing the jaws, a carriage
movable toward and from the carrier, turning and boring tools mounted on the car-
riage and movable simultaneously toward and from the carrier, mills supported by
the bed independently of the carriage but connected so as to move therewith, and
an ejector for discharging the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, sub-
stantially as specified.
17. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, an elevator for lifting the blanks from the receptacle, a trough for re-
ceiving the blanks from the elevator, a slide for carrying the blanks from the trough,
fingers for removing the blanks from the slide, a carrier, with holding jaws for
grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted upon the bed, a pusher for advancing the
blanks from the fingers into the jaws of the carrier, means for intermittently ro-
tating the carrier, mechanisms for opening and closing the jaws, a carriage movable
toward and from the carrier, turning and boring tools mounted on the carriage
and movable simultaneously toward and from the carrier, a tap supported by the
carriage and movable independently thereof, and an ejector for discharging the
finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, substantially as specified..
18. In a machine for forming nipples, in combination, a receptacle for receiving
the blanks, an elevator for lifting the blanks from the receptacle, a trough for re-
ceiving the blanks from the elevator, a slide for carrying the blanks from the
trough, fingers for removing the blanks from the slide, a carrier, with holding
jaws for grasping the blanks, rotarily mounted upon the bed, a pusher for advancing
the blanks from the fingers into the jaws of the carrier, means for intermittently
rotating the carrier, mechanisms for opening and closing the jaws, a carriage"
movable toward and from the carrier, turning and boring tools mounted on the
carriage and movable simultaneously toward and from the carrier, mills supported
by the bed independently of the carriage but connected so as to move therewith,
a tap supported by the carriage but moving independently thereof, and an ejector
for discharging the finished nipples from the jaws of the carrier, supported by
the bed and movable independently of the carriage, substantially as specified.
19. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a rotary carrier, pairs of jaws borne by the carrier,
one of each of said pairs of jaws having a spring shank, a cam stud for closing one

page_text: of the jaws of each pair, a crank for operating this cam stud, an oscillating cam
for rocking the crank, a bar for oscillating the crank moving cam, and a rotary
cam for reciprocating the bar, substantially as specified.
20. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a carrier, pairs of jaws pivoted to the carrier, a cam
stud for adjusting one of each of the pairs of jaws, a cam stud for closing the other
of each of the pairs of jaws, a crank for operating one cam stud of each pair, an
oscillating cam for rocking the crank, a bar for oscillating the crank moving cam,
and a rotary cam for reciprocating the bar, substantially as specified.
21. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a carrier, pairs of jaws borne by the carrier, one of
the jaws of each pair having a spring shank and an adjusting screw to regulate
the spring of the shank, a cam stud bearing against the spring shank of one of
each of the pairs of jaws, a crank for operating each cam stud, an oscillating cam
for rocking the cranks, a bar for oscillating the crank moving cam, and a rotary
cam for reciprocating the bar, substantially as specified.
22. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a carrier, pairs of jaws pivoted to the carrier, one of
the jaws of each pair having a spring shank and an adjusting screw for regulating
the spring of the shank, a cam stud bearing against the spring shank of one of each
of the pairs of jaws, a crank for operating each of the cam studs, an oscillating
cam for rocking the cranks, a bar for oscillating the crank moving cam, a rotary
cam for reciprocating the bar, and a wedge stud for adjusting the other of each of
the pairs of jaws, substantially as specified.
23. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a carrier bearing adjustable jaws, mechanisms for
adjusting and for opening and closing the jaws, an index disk connected with the
carrier, a crank for rotating the index disk, said crank being borne upon a recipro-
cating shaft, means for rotating the crank shaft, and mechanisms for reciprocating
the crank shaft, substantially as specified.
24. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a carrier bearing adjustable jaws, mechanisms for
opening and closing the jaws, an index disk connected with the carrier, said disk
having driving mortises and peripheral locking notches, a crank adapted to en-
gage the driving mortises, means for rotating the crank, a bolt adapted to engage
the locking noteles, and mechanism for reciprocating the bolt radially of the
disk and withdrawing it from the notches at the proper time, substantially as
specified.
25. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a rotary carrier bearing jaws, mechanisms for opening
and closing the jaws, and index disk connected with the carrier, said disk having
driving mortises and locking notches, a crank adapted to engage with the driving
mortises, said crank being borne upon a reciprocating shaft, means for rotating
and mechanisms for reciprocating the crank shaft, a bolt adapted to engage the
locking notches of the index disk, and mechanisms for withdrawing the bolt from
the notches at the proper time, substantially as specified.
26. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a carrier bearing jaws, mechanisms for opening
and closing the jaws, an index disk connected with the carrier, said disk having
driving mortises and locking notches, a crank adapted to engage with the driving
mortises, said crank being borne upon a reciprocating shaft, means for rotating
and mechanisms for reciprocating the crank shaft, a spring bolt adapted to engage
the locking notches of the index disk, a lever adapted to engage the spring bolt,
and a cam for moving the lever at the proper time, substantially as specified.
27. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and the cutting tools
of a machine of the within described class, a pusher for advancing the blanks to
the carrier, an ejector for discharging the finished nipples from the carrier, said

page_text: pusher and ejector being mounted with their axes in the same line and connected
so as to move together and operate upon opposite sides of the same set of jaws,
levers for reciprocating the pusher and ejector, and a cam for oscillating the levers,
substantially as specified.
28. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and cutting tools
of a machine of the within described class, a pusher for advancing the blanks to
the carrier, an ejector for discharging the finished nipples from the carrier, said
pusher and ejector being mounted upon the same spindle, levers for reciprocating
the spindle, and a cam for oscillating the levers, substantially as specified.
29. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and the cutting
tools of a machine of the within described class, a frame mounted upon the bed so
that it may be oscillated, mechanisms for oscillating the frame, a spindle supported
by the frame, two pairs of mills adjustably supported by the spindle, and means
for rotating the spindle, substantially as specified.
30. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and the boring
tools of a machine of the within described class, a frame mounted upon the bed so
that it may be oscillated, one of the brackets of said frame being adjustable, a
spindle supported by the frame, two pairs of mills adjustably supported by the
spindle, and means for rotating the spindle, substantially as specified.
31. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and the cutting
tools of a machine of the within described class, a threading mechanism consisting
of a movable spindle bearing a tap and a pinion, means for reciprocating the spindle,
a gear mounted upon a movable shaft and meshing with the tap spindle pinion,
clutch pulleys mounted upon the gear shaft, and means for reciprocating the gear
shaft so as to connect one and disconnect the other of the clutch pulleys with the
gear to reverse the direction of rotation of the gear and tap spindle, substantially
as specified.
32. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and the cutting
tools of a machine of the within described class, a threading mechanism consisting
of a spindle bearing a tap and pinion, a gear mounted upon a shaft and meshing
with the tap spindle pinion, pulleys mounted upon the gear shaft, levers for shifting
clutches so as to connect one and disconnect the other with the gear, springs for
throwing the levers, a catch for holding the levers with the springs under tension,
and a trip mechanism for releasing the catch at the proper time, substantially as
specified.
33. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and the cutting
tools of a machine of the within described class, a threading mechanism consisting
of a spindle bearing a tap and a pinion, levers for advancing the tap spindle, a cam
for moving the levers, a gear mounted upon a shaft and meshing with the tap
spindle pinion, pulleys mounted upon the gear shaft, levers for shifting clutches
so as to connect one and disconnect the other of the pulleys with the gear, springs
for throwing the levers, a catch for holding the levers with the springs under ten-
sion, and a trip mechanism for releasing the catch, substantially as specified.
34. In combination with the feeding mechanisms, the carrier and the cutting
tools of a machine of the within described class, a threading mechanism consisting
of a spindie bearing a tap and a pinion, levers for advancing the tap and spindle,"
a cam for moving the levers, a gear mounted upon a shaft and meshing with the
tap spindle pinion, pulleys mounted upon the gear shaft, levers for shifting clutches
so as to connect.one and disconnect the other of the pulleys with the gear, springs
for throwing the levers in one direction, a catch for holding the levers with the
springs under tension, levers and cams for drawing the clutch levers and placing
the springs under tension and setting the catch, and a connection between the
tap spindle levers and the latch for releasing the catch, substantially as specified.
35. In combination with the feeding mechanisms and cutting tools of a machine
of the within described class, a carrier bearing jaws, an index disk connected with
the carrier, a crank for rotating the index disk, said crank being borne upon a

page_text: reciprocating shaft, means for rotating the crank shaft, and mechanism for recipro-
cating the crank shaft, substantially as specified.
36. In combination in a machine of the within described class, a gravity feed
trough, a movable slide at the bottom of the feed trough for receiving the blanks,
mechanism for moving the slide with a blank from the bottom of the trough to a
position in line with the grasping fingers, reciprocating grasping fingers for picking
up the blank from the slide, mechanisms for reciprocating the fingers, a rotary
disk, with jaws for receiving the blank arranged around the face of the, disk,
mechanisms for opening and closing the jaws, and reciprocating pushers for alter-
nately thrusting a blank into and forcing a nipple out of the pairs of jaws, sub-
stantially as specified.
37. In combination with a carrier for receiving pieces to be operated upon and
the tools for operating upon the pieces, a hopper, a feed trough leading from the
hopper to the carrier, an elevator plate movably held by the walls of the hopper, a
stop for limiting the upward movement of the elevator plate, mechanism for recip-
rocating the elevator plate, and an adjustable elastic connection between the ele-
vator plate and the mechanism for moving the elevator plate, substantially as
specified.
38. In combination with a carrier for receiving pieces to be operated upon and
the tools for operating upon the pieces, a hopper, a feed trough leading from the
hopper to the carrier, an elevator plate movably held by the walls of the hopper, a
stop for limiting the upward movement of the elevator plate, mechanism for recip-
rocating the elevator plate, and an elastic connection between the elevator plate
and the mechanism for moving the elevator plate, substantially as specified.
Dated this 30th day of November 1897.
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.