Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1886.
Complete Left, 19th Aug., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 27th Sept., 1887.
I EDWIN WILLIAM COLLIER of 16 Mark Lane, E.C. in the County of Middlesex
Commercial Traveller do hereby declare the nature of this invention-to be as
follows:-
I take any description of Boiler (preferably one of special conruction) and burn
the fuel inside it, so that the products of combustion come into actual contact with
the water or steam. I do not confine myself to any particular fuel. I will describe
my invention with petroleum as the fuel. I take two or more pipes, and unite or
bring together their ends to form a blow pipe and connect them with the interior of
the boiler. By means of a suitable pump or pumps, connected with the necessary
reservoirs, and worked by the Engine, or by a separate engine, or by hand for
starting, I force through the respective pipes petroleum or its vapour, air, steam or
other material in the proportions necessary for maintaining combustion, and ignite
the same at the junction of the several pipes or thereabouts. The point at which the
flame burns may be exterior to the shell of the boiler or inside the boiler, and either
above or below the level of the water, or partly above and partly below, and the blow-
pipe nozzle and also the jet proceeding from it may be enclosed in a partially closed
pipe or casing of metal or other material of any convenient form, but in each and
every instance the products of combustion come into actual contact with the water or
steam contained in the boiler.
The fuel or jet may be ignited by an electric spark or by any other convenient
method.
I provide taps or valves to the various pipes to regulate the supply of fuel, air, or
other material, and also provide a blowpipe jet, which may be lighted and temporarily
burned in the open, to serve as an indicator by which to regulate the admission of
fuel, air &c., to insure the proportion of each necessary for satisfactory combustion.
Any number of pipes or groups of pipes suitable for the size of boiler, may be
conducted into it.
1000

page_text: I, EDWIN WILLIAM COLLIER of 16 Mark Lane, E.C., do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the method of applying the heat and burning the fuel in
steam generators the chief feature being that instead of burning the fuel outside the
boiler and carrying off the products of combustion entirely separate from the steam
and water, I burn the fuel either absolutely inside the boiler or in a chamber
connected with the inside of the boiler and in such manner that the products of
combustion mix or come into contact with the water or steam in the boiler. I do not
confine myself to the use of any particular kind of fuel but will illustrate my
invention by describing the application of hydrocarbon oil as the fuel. The drawings
show two vertical sections of a portion of an ordinary vertical boiler. A is the shell
of the boiler and B the combustion chamber formed of any suitable material say for
example a metal pipe B' lined with some form of silica or other refractory material C
capable of resisting the heat to which it would be exposed. D is a grating or
perforated wall of the same material as the lining C upon which the liquid fuel
impinges so as to make the combustion more perfect. The position or height or shape
of this combustion chamber B may be varied according to circumstances and it may
be entirely or partly in the water or entirely or partly in the steam; in the drawing
Figure 1 it is shown at about the water level and the end is turned down so as to
direct the hot gases of combustion into the water.
The hydrocarbon is contained in any suitable receptacle and is conducted by the
pipe E to the nozzle or burner F, the pipe G which may be placed inside the pipe E
as shown serving to lead the air supply to the burner. As the gases of combustion
have to be forced into the boiler from the combustion chamber B against the pressure
in the boiler the fuel must be strongly impelled forward and delivered under pressure
from the nozzle; both air and oil supplies must therefore be forced by means of pumps
or equivalents controlling valves or cocks H being provided to regulate and proportion
the supplies.
The fuel being discharged from the nozzle in the form of spray may to start it be
ignited by an electric current for which suitable wires can be fixed in the chamber.
The products of combustion would in the apparatus shown in the drawing pass by the
orifice B into the water or steam within the boiler.
I represents the pipe by which the steam and the products of combustion pass. from
the boiler to the engine.
Either the air or the oil or both may be heated before being burnt. As previously
stated the combustion chamber may be of any size or shape and there may be any
desired number of chambers either connected or independent and having the requisite
air and fuel pipes.

page_text: In figure 2 the combustion chamber is enlarged by the addition of a cap bolted on
outside the boiler. This admits of the nozzle of the fuel supply pipes being placed
outside the line of the boiler if desirable. I provide a jet which may be lighted and
temporarily burned in the open to serve as an indicator by which to regulate the
admission of fuel, air, &c., to insure the proportion of each necessary for satisfactory
combustion.
From the foregoing statement will be understood that the most important feature
of this invention consists in discharging the heated products of combustion into the
boiler so as to mix with the steam or water, and utilize all the heat they may contain,
instead of allowing these heated gases after giving up only a portion of their heat to
escape up the chimney in the usual manner; and so long as this is effected the precise
construction of the boiler or apparatus is of small moment and may be varied to an
almost unlimited extent. This apparatus may be applied at other points in the course
of the steam's travel besides the boiler, as for instance in the steam pipe, the valve
chest or between the cylinders of compound engines where it may be utilized for
imparting fresh heat to the steam.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :—
1. The method of raising or heating steam by causing the products of combustion
to come into contact with the steam or water substantially as described.
2. The method of raising steam in a steam generator by passing the products of
combustion into the interior of the generator so as to come into actual contact with
the water or steam substantially as specified.
3. In a steam generator the method of burning the fuel in a combustion chamber
within or connected with the interior of the generator and passing the products of
combustion into direct contact with the steam or water substantially as specified.
4. The combination with a steam generator of a combustion chamber such as B
located within or communicating with the interior of said generator and delivering
the products of combustion into direct contact with the water or steam and a nozzle or
burner such as F delivering fuel and air under pressure into the said combustion
chamber the whole constructed and operating substantially as described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
Dated thin
JA 1907