Improvements in Compound Valves for the Supply of Hot and Cold Liquids.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1856-Acc pled, 21st Mar., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Compound Valves for the Supply of Hot and
Cold Liquids.
I, WALTER BROWN HARVEY DRAYSON of Belle Isle, York Road, King's
Cross, London, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates more especially to valves for delivering hot and cold water
to baths, lavatories and such like, but it is also applicable to such valves when
employed for the delivery of hot and cold liquid for other purposes.
When separate hot and cold water taps or valves are employed for supplying
water to baths it sometimes happens that the hot water tap or valve is turned on
before the cold one, and cases have occurred where persons have entered baths
thus filled with hot water only and have been scalded. Now the object of my
invention is to provide a compound valve so arranged and adapted that either cold
or hot water or a mixture of both can be supplied through it; but in which it is
impossible to turn on the hot water before the cold, so that the accident above
mentioned cannot occur, or if the hot water should be turned on sooner or
quicker than it ought to be it must necessarily be preceded by the supply of a
certain quantity of cold water, the presence of which will cool the hot water to
a certain extent, and prevent it from scalding the person in the bath.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood I will now proceed
to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying two sheets of drawings in
which
Figure 1 is a plan of a compound valve constructed in accordance with the
invention,
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are sectional elevations taken on the lines X-X, Y-Y
and Z-Z respectively of Figure 1, and
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are sectional elevations showing modifications of some of the
parts shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
1 is a metal plate intended to rest on and be secured to the shelf 2 or other
support on the top of a bath for example. This plate 1 supports the compound
valve by the downwardly projecting columns 3, which are secured at their upper
ends to the plate 1 and at their lower ends to lugs 4 cast with the body of the
valve. 5 is the body or casing of the cold water valve. the cold water
inlet. 7 the cold water valve adapted to close, when in its highest position,
against the seating 8, and when in its lowest position, against the seating 9.
The valve 7 is provided with a spindle 10 which passes up through a stuffing
box 11, and with & downwardly projecting spindle 12 on which is fixed a
piston 13 provided with a cup-leather 14 and working in a bored-out cylindrical
part 15 of the valve body or casing 5. The valve 7 is normally pressed upwards
against its seat 8 by the pressure of the water entering at the inlet 6 and by a
spring 16 which bears at its lower end against the bottom of the casing 5 and at
its upper end against a shoulder on the spindle 12 or against the under side of the
nut securing the piston 13 on the spindle 12, as shown in Figure 2.
17 is the body or casing of the hot water valve, 18 is the water valve adapted
to close against the seating 19. The valve 18 is provided with a spindle 20 which
passes up through a stuffing box 21, and with a downwardly projecting spindle 22
on which is fixed a piston 23 provided with a cup-leather similar to that shown

page_text: at 14 in the, cold water valve and working in a bored-out cylindrical part 25 of
the valve body or casing 17. The valve 18 is normally pressed upwards against
its seat 19 by the pressure of the water entering at the inlet 25 and by a spring 26
which bears at its lower end against the bottom of the casing 17 and at its upper
end against a shoulder on the spindle 22, or against the under side of the nut
securing the piston 23 on the spindle 22 as shown in Figure 2.
27 is the spout or bib through which the water is delivered from the valve to
the bath. 28 in Figures 1 and 3 is the passage through which the hot water from
the hot water valve 18 in Figure 2 finds its way to the spout or bib 27.
29 is a screw the lower end of which revolves in a bearing 30 formed in the
casting composing the bodies of the valves and is provided with collars 31 as
shown in Figure 2 so that the said screw 29 cannot move end wise though it is
free to be turned round by the handle 32 applied to the square 33 on the upper
end of the screw 29. 34 is a crosshead provided in the middle of its length with
a screw threaded hole through which the screw 29 passes. The ends of this cross-
head are guided between guide pieces 35 cast on or secured to the plate 1, so that as
the screw 29 is rotated the crosshead 34 is caused to move upwards or downwards
according to the direction in which the screw 29 is turned, but is prevented from
rotating with the screw.
It will be noticed that the ends of the crosshead 34 stand over the upper ends
of the valve spindles 10 and 20 so that when the crosshead is moved downwards
by the screw 29 it presses those spindles downwards and moves the valves 7 and 18
respectively from their seats 8 and 19; but the crosshead comes in contact with
the spindle 10 before it reaches the spindle 20, consequently the cold water valve 7
is always opened before the hot water valve 18.
Referring to Figure 1 it will be seen that the handle 32 is provided with a
pointer 36 and that the upper surface of the plate 1 has marked on it at various
points round the centre the words Shut, Cold Full on, Cold and Hot on, and Hot
Full on, Cold off.
It will now be understood that on turning the handle 32 into the position shown
in Figure 1 both the cold and hot water valves are closed as shown in Figure 2 30
that neither cold nor hot water is delivered to the spout 27. On turning the
handle 32 so that the pointer 36 points to Cold Full on, the screw 29 will have
depressed the crosshead 34 so as to move the valve 7 from its seat 8 to allow cold
water to pass from the inlet 6 through, the passage 37 to the spout 27, but the
valve 18 will not have been acted upon. On turning the handle 32 so that the
pointer 36 points to Cold and Hot on, the screw 29 will have depressed the cross-
head 34 so as to open the valve 7 further and the hot water valve 18 to a certain
extent permitting cold water to continue to pass to the spout 27 but also allowing
hot water to pass to the spout 27 through the passage 28 and to mix with the cold
water issuing therefrom. "Oa turning the handle 32 so that the pointer 36 points
to Hot Full on, Cold off, the screw 29 will have depressed the crosshead 34 sufficiently
to close the cold water valve 7 against the seat 5 thereby cutting off the supply of
cold water entirely, but opening the valve 18 wider so as to give a full supply of
hot water only through the passage 28 to the spout 27. On returning the handle
to the position shown in Figure 1 the screw 29 will have raised the crosshead 34
and the pressure of the water supply and the springs 16 and 26 will have returned
the valves 7 and 18 respectively to their seats 8 and 19, stopping the supply of both
cold and hot water to the spout 27..
The object of the pistons 13 and 23 is to.balance, to a certain extent, the
upward pressure of the water, on the valves 7 and 18 respectively, in order to
reduce the pressure required to open such valves against the head of water supplied
to them; they at the same time prevent concussion, because as the valves rise a
partial vacuum is formed below the said pistons, which causes the valves to close
gently and quietly against their seata. The said partial vacuum below the pistons
is filled up after the valves are closed, by water finding its way slowly past the
cup-leathers to the space below. It will be understood, however, that when the
•

page_text: valves are pressed downwards the water below displaced by them flows freely
upwards past the cup-leathers, and offers no material resistance to the opening of
the valves,
Figures 5, 6 and 7 show devices for actuating the valves which differ somewhat.
from those above described. In the arrangement shown in Figure 5 instead of the
screw 29 passing through the cross-head 34, as in Figure 2, the said crosshead is
formed with or secured to a spindle 38 arranged to slide vertically through holes.
in the plate 1 and in the casting forming the body of the valves, and instead of
the handle 32 rotating in a plane parallel to the plate 1 a handle 39 provided with
an eccentric or cam 40 is arranged to turn in a plane at right angles to the plate I
on a pivot 41, carried by standards 42 cast with or secured to the said plate 1..
In the position of the handle 39 shown by full lines in Figure 5 the eccentric
or cam 40 is not acting upon the end of the spindle 38 and consequently both
the cold and hot water valves are closed; but as the handle 39 is turned over in
the direction of the arrow, the eccentric or cain 40 presses the spindle 38 and
crosshead 34 downwards, opening, first the cold water valve and then the hot.
water valve as before described. When the handle 39 reaches the position shown
in dotted lines the cold water valve will have been closed against its lower seat,.
and the hot water valve will be full open and the maximum radius of the
eccentric or cam 40 being then coincident with a line passing through the axis of
the spindle 38 and the centre of the pivot 41, the said handle 39 will remain in
the position shown by dotted lines holding the hot water valve open, until the
handle is returned into the position shown in full lines, when both valves will close
against their respective seats 8 and 19 (Figure 2).
In Figure 6 the spindle 38 aud crosshead 34 are arranged in the same manner
as in Figure 5, but they are operated by a lever handle 43 pivotted at 41 to
standards 42 on the plate 1. By pressing down this lever handle 43 the cold and
hot water valves are successively opened, and by holding the said lever handle in a.
suitable position, either cold water alone, a mixture of cold and hot water, or hot.
water alone, can be obtained; but the cold water valve is always opened first, and
when the handle 43 is released the valves close automatically.
In Figure 7 the spindle 44 is arranged at its lower end to turn in a bearing
between collars 31 in a manner similar to that shown in connection with the lower
end of the screw 29 in Figure 2, and the upper end of this spindle is provided
with a square 33 on which is placed a handle 32 and pointer 36 similar to what is
shown in Figure 2. The crosshead 34 is formed with, or secured to, and turns.
with, the spindle 44, and has formed on its underside a cam surface 45, so shaped
that when the handle 32 is turned into the several positions described in reference.
to Figure 1 the said cam surface first opens the cold water valve, and then the hot
water valve more or less, and, if desired, closes the cold water valve against its
lower seat, opening the hot water valve to its widest extent. In this arrangement,.
like that shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the handle 32 may be left in any position,.
and will hold the valves in their corresponding positious, but in order to close the
valves the handle must be returned to the shut position.
The stuffing boxes 11 and 21 may be packed with suitable packing material
in the usual way, but in some cases it will be found sufficient to apply an overflow
pipe 46 which returns any liquid leaking into the stuffing box back into the outlet
passage, the current through which exerts an eduction or exhausting action upon
such pipe and facilitates the passage of liquid from the stuffing box in a manner
now well understood.
Similar figures of reference relate to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I desire to have it
understood that I am aware that certain arrangement of plug taps have been
proposed or employed by means of which cold water, a mixture of cold and hot

page_text: water, or hot water alone, can be delivered and that I make no claim to such
arrangements; but that what I do claim is :-
First. A compound valve for the delivery of hot and cold liquid, so constructed
that the cold liquid is necessarily turned on before the hot, substantially as
described.
Second. In a compound valve for supplying hot and cold liquid the use of a cold
liquid valve provided with a double seating, substantially as described, and for the
purpose specified.
Third. In a compound valve for supplying hot and cold liquid the means for
actuating the valves, which consists of a suitably guided crosshead so arranged
and operated that it opens the cold liquid valve first, and then the hot liquid valve,
substantially as described.
Fourth. In a valve for supplying cold or hot liquid or a mixture of the two,
the combination of two valves, arranged and acting substantially as described.
Fifth. In a compound valve for supplying hot and cold liquid the devices for
actuating the valves successively, which consist of the screw 29, crosshead 34 and
bandle 32, substantially as described with references to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the
drawings.
Sixth. In a compound valve for supplying hot and cold liquid the devices for
actuating the valves successively, which consist of the crosshead 34, sliding
spindle 38, handle 39, and eccentric or cam 40, substantially as described with
reference to Figure 5 of the drawings.
Seventh. In a compound valve for supplying hot and cold liquid the devices for
actuating the valves successively, which consist of the crosshead 34, sliding
spindle 38, and lever handle 43, substantially as described with reference to
Figure 6 of the drawings.
Eighth. In a compound valve for supplying hot and cold liquid the devices
for actuating the valves successively, which consist of the crosshead 34, cam 45,
spindle 44 and handle 32, substantially as described with reference to Figure 7 of
the drawings.
Dated this 5th day of February 1906
W. B. H. DRAYSON,
Per W. H. Beck,
115 Cannon Street, London, E.C., Agent.