IMPROVEMENTS IN REFLECTORS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex, for an
Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN REFLECTORS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR."-
A communication from abroad by William Wheeler, of Massachusetts, United
States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REFLECTORS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREfor,' A communication from abroad by
William Wheeler, of Massachusetts, United States of America,
,,
The improvements consist of a reflector having a reflecting surface, generated by
the revolution about its principal axis of a curve which is constantly variable
throughout the said revolution. Also a reflecting surface, generated by the
revolution about two or more axes successively, of a curve which is constantly
variable throughout its revolution about one or more of the said axes. Also of two
light reflectors hinged to each other and provided with ears and clamps for holding
insulating tubes and confining them to rods. Also of a reflector provided with
laterally projecting ears and clamps for attaching said reflector to the vertical rods
of an electric lamp, or other support. Also of a light reflector supporter or attach-
meut, consisting of the recessed plate and hinged clamp, and its set screw, and
provided with an insulator. Also of a light reflector supporter, having wings and
each provided with an opening and an elastic tongue. Also of a light reflector
provided with clasps, in combination with a supporter and insulator carrier, having
to its wings openings and elastic tongues to engage with such clasps.
The improvements are to be performed by the use of metal curved in elliptic
parabolic cylindric forms truncated or bonnet shape and with ears or tubes or
wings and tongues also of metal.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th
August 1882.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN
REFLECTORS AND ATTACHMENTS THEREFOR," a communication from abroad by
William Wheeler, of Massachusetts, United States of America.
In the accompanying drawings which serve to illustrate this Invention Figure 1
is an isometric projection shewing in a double form a reflector having a reflecting
surface of such shape as would be described by the revolution about its principal
axis of a curve or line of variable curvature varying throughout its revolution by a
fixed law but having always a focus, common to all the variations thereof and an
ordinate common to said curve in all its variations. The elliptic curve b, c, d shews
the form of the generating curve while it is above and in the vertical plane of the
axis o' o³. After revolving about said axis through the quadrant bi b² during
which revolution every point in said curve describes a quadrant of an ellipse of
which the ordinates to said points, before and after said revolution are respectively
the conjugate seini-axes-the generating line occupies the position b c d of which
the part 2 c is a parabolic curve. From thence the said part b² c³ revolves about
the axis o¹ of through the quadrant bº 63 which is a hyperbolic curve. During said
revolution every point in the generating curve describes a quadrant of an ellipse,-
the ordinates to said points before and after said revolution respectively being the
conjugate semi axes of said ellipse. The other side or half of the reflector F is
formed in the same manner, the generating curve in the position b c being a
parabola. The said elliptic curve b¹ c¹ di parabolic curve b c hyperbolic-curve
es and parabolic curve b c have the common axis o¹, o", the common focus o¹
and the ordinates at o² namely o³, c¹; o², c²; 0², c³; and o³ ; equal to each other.
Said focus o' is the focus of the reflecting surfaces generated as above described.
Figure 2 is a front or end elevation of the same in which the dotted curve x¹ x³,
represent the four eliptical quadrants described by a point in the generating
curve, halfway between the point b and c. Figure 3 is an isometric view of a
single reflector of the same general description as that last explained, and which
differs therefrom in the following regard namely: The variable curve by the
revolution of which its form is described has in its various positions, the common
focus o¹ and a common vertex at a-or in other words a common ordinate at d,
equal to zero. Figure 4 represents a front elevation of the same in which the
dotted curve b¹, 6, 63, 6 consists of the two semi ellipses described by the point b¹
and the curve ³, x²³, ³, x³ is composed of the two semi-ellipses described by a
point in the generating curve halfway between the points b and c'. It is to be
understood that between those quadrantal parts of the forms shewn in the
drawings which are upon opposite sides of the vertical plane of the axis thereof,
there may be inserted surfaces described by the revolution of the generating
curve through any suitable angle about a vertical axis of revolution whereby
the width of the aperture of the reflector may be varied. Figures 5, 6, 7
and 8 illustrate another of my improvements-Figure 5 denotes a side
elevation and Figure 6 a top view of a compound reflector provided with this
Invention Figure 7 is an inner end view of one of the reflector sections with its
clamps and hinge portions to be described-Figure 8 is an inner end view of the
other reflector section shewing its hinge portions.-The reflector shewn is of double
form, that is, it is composed of two separate truncated or bonnet shaped reflecting
suctions. A, B. arranged with their lesser ends or bases in contact. They are

page_text: There
designed to reflect in opposite directions rays or beams of light from an electric
burner arranged at or about the centro of their common intersection.
projects from each of the sections at its inner end, two ears a, a, b, b, These ears
are provided with two sets of hinge joint tubes c, c, d, d, d, d those marked c being
projected from the ears of one of the sections, while those marked d, extend from
the ears of the other section. Each of the tubes c is to go directly between and in
line with two of the tubes d, and with such and a pin e. passing through the three
tubes, is to constitute a hinge. Each ear of the section A has a clamp C hinged to
it, at its outer edge, such clamp and ear being recessed to receive and span a
cylindrical insulator D of india rubber or other suitable material through which
tube, one of the two vertical rods forming a part of the frame of the electric lamp
and used in this case for supporting the reflector also, is to pass. Each clamp C is
furnished with a screw E which goes through it and screws into the car and is to
set the clamp firmly to the insulating tube and that to the rod. Each reflector
section is notched at its lesser end, as shewn at f in order that when the two
sections abut against each other at their lesser ends, there may be a vertical passage
through them to receive the carbon pencils or means employed in the reflector for
generating the electric light. On withdrawing either of the hinge pins from its
tubes, the section B may be turned on the other pin in a direction away from the
section A in order for access to be had to the burner or parts composing it, the two
sections being fastened together when the two pins are in place in the hinge tubes.
In certain cases where the light is to be projected in one direction only, or when a
double form of reflector made in one entire part is to be used, only one ear is
provided upon each side of the reflector, and hence the hinges joining the two
separable parts herein shewn are dispensed with, the clamps remaining as shewn
and described I would remark that the two sections instead of being provided
with two hinges, to enable them to be opened apart in either of two directions may
be hinged together so as to open apart in one direction only, but I prefer to have
them double hinged, as described and represented for in such case, either hinge
besides serving the purpose of a hinge, answers as a means of fastening the sections
together. Figures 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 illustrate one or more further improve-
ments. Figure 9 is a side view of a double reflector, provided with this invention.
Figure 10 is a front view and Figure 11 a top view on an enlarged scale of one
of the reflector. supporters provided with an insulator.-Figure 12 is a front view
of the D shaped part of the clasps used in fastening the supporter or clamp to the
body of the reflector. Figure 13 is a top view of one of the said clasps. I would
remark that this invention as shewn in the said figures 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 is for
the purpose of supporting and attaching an electric light reflector to the vertical
sustaining rods of an ordinary electric lamp and for insulating the reflector there-
from, there generally being two of such rods. The reflector is placed directly
between them at its middle, though one only of such rods is shewn in Figure 9 of
the accompanying drawings, it being marked a. In Figures 10 11 and 12 the
insulator is shewn at bit consisting of a short tube of india rubber or a rectangular
sheet of caoutchouc or any suitable insulating substance, bent around in the form of
a tube. The reflector is shewn at A, A it being provided with two clasps c, c a top
view of one of which is given in figure 13. These clasps, fixed to the side of the
reflector are to cooperate with the wing openings and the elastic tongues of the
supporter for attaching it to and sustaining the reflector. In the drawings the
body of the supporter is shewn at B as a plate of metal, bent as represented, the
two portions d, d of it being what I term "the wings" each being arranged at an
obtuse angle to the intervening part e or it may be in the same plane therewith or
otherwise according to the form of the body of the reflector. To the said part e
there is hinged a clamp C provided with a set screw D which goes through it, the
said clamp, and screws into the part e or a nut or projection f fixed thereto and
arranged as shewn in Figure 11.-The part e and the clamp are recessed or bent
at their middles as shewn to receive and clasp the tubular insulator b and hold it
in place and compress it upon the rod a to which the support is thereby securely

page_text: clamped, and at the same time insulated therefrom. Furthermore in each of the
wings is a rectangular opening g, in which there is arranged and projected upward
from the wing, a spring or elastic tongue h. On springing these tongues backward
and inserting and pushing them either upward or downward within the clasps c, c,
the latter when even with the openings 7 g will be caused to enter them by the
tongues, which by their inherent elasticity will spring forward and thereby force
the supporter upon the clasps, in a manner to cause them the said clasps to enter
the said openings g. g.
The tongues of the supporter or attachment will then be
wholly within the said openings and within the D shaped clasps, while the supporter
will be firmly secured in and confined about the clasps.
What I claim is as follows.
1. A reflector having a reflecting surface, generated by the revolution about its
principal axis of a curve which is constantly variable throughout the said revolution
all being substantially as described.
2. A reflector having a reflecting surface generated by the revolution about
two or more axes successively, of a curve which is constantly variable through-
out its revolution about one or more of the said axes, all being substantially as
set forth.
3. Two light reflectors hinged to each other and provided with ears and clamps
for holding insulating tubes and confining them to rods, all substantially as set
forth.
4. A reflector provided with laterally projecting ears and clamps for attaching
said reflector to the vertical rods of an electric lamp or other support substantially
as set forth.
5. The light reflector supporter or attachment substantially as set forth, consisting
of the recessed plate and hinged clamp and its set screw and provided with an
insulator all combined and arranged in manner and to operate essentially as shown
and described.
6. The light reflector supporter, as set forth having wings and each provided
with an opening, and an elastic tongue arranged and to operate therein substantially
and for use as explained.
7. A light reflector provided with clasps as described in combination with a
supporter and insulator carrier having to its wings openings and elastic tonges.
essentially as to engage with such clasps as explained.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set ny
hand and seal this twenty-fifth day of August A.D. 1882.
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