AN IMPROVED METHOD OF WARMING OR HEATING BATHS
Year: 1811

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LOWNDES, of Hollen Street, in the Parish of Saint Ann, Soho, in the County
of Middlesex, Modeller, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, in and
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Thirtieth day of October last, did, for Himself, His heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said John Lowndes, His especial
licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said John Lowndes,
my exors, adiñors, and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves,
or by my and their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I,
the said John Lowndes, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and all times thereafter, during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully make, use, exer-
cise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF WARMING OR HEATING
BATHS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging
me, the said John Lowndes, by an instrument in writing under my band and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to
be enrolled in Ilis Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Lowndes, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
by the Drawings and references thereto hereunder annexed, and the following
description thereof (that is to say):-
Specification of an. Improved Method of. Warming and Heating Baths
consists chiefly in the invention and introduction of a distinct steam vessel,
so constructed and applied as wholly to enclose and surround at a proper
distance, and to a necessary height, the bottom and sides of the particular bath
vessel. In this position they are firmly connected at top, so as to make the
vacuum between them perfectly air-tight, and into which the steam from the
boiler is introduced; see plan and sections hereto annexed. The advantage
of this Invention is, that the bath is raised by its means to a proper degree of
heat in one-third of the usual time, without encreasing the common expence,
and, consequently, more than double the number formerly allotted may now
partake of the benefit it naturally produces. The present bath is formed
according to the dimensions and shape exhibited in the plan and sections
hereto annexed, but may be made of any other suitable figure and dimensions,
to accommodate the convenience and situation of. the place wherein it is to be
erected. This bath has been successfully made of rolled or plate.iron; but.by
this I, the Inventor, do not mean to preclude myself from making them of
copper, brass, tin, lead, zinc, or any other metal or mixture of metals, nor of
marble, stone, porcelain, earthenware, pottery, or any natural or manufactured
material whatever, nor of preventing my making use of any part of the whole
of the metals, in conjunction or combination with each other or with any
different material or materials, and in such proportions and manner as I may
judge proper or necessary.
Figure (2) in the plan and sections hereto annexed refers to a longitudinal
section of the bath. Figure (3) refers to a transverse section of the bath.
Figure (4) to a plan of the bath. The circumscribing slender black line to
Figures 2, 3, and 4, refers only to the outside wainscott casing in which the whole
is inclosed. The strong, black line to Figures 2, 3, and 4 refers particularly to
the immost vessel or proper bath, in which the immersion is performed. The
red line to Figures 2, 3, & 4 has reference alone to the steam vessel, which
overywhere, at a proper distance surrounds that of the bath as high as the
ordinary level of the water therein. The letter (A) refers to the injection
pipe, whereby the pure water from the cistern or reservoir is conveyed into
the bath. The letter (N) refers to the ejection pipe, by which the water,
whenever necessary, is let off from the bath. The letter. (1) refers to the

page_text: injection pipe, whereby the steam from the boiler is during pleasure admitted
into the steam vessel above described. The letter (E) refers to the ejection
pipe by which the condensed vapour is discharged from the steam vessel. The
letter u refers to a regulating valve applied to the steam vesssel, to prevent any
accident happening to it from too high a rarefaction from the boiler. The
blue colour represents the space occupied by the water in the bath; the yellow
shews the space pervaded by the hot steam, The dotted space is filled up
with dry sawdust, or sand, &c., to prevent the ambient cold air from coming
in contact with the sides of the steam vessel.
In witness whereof, I, John Lowndes, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord 1811.
Inrolled the Ninth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eleven.