Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Nov., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 18th July, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 24th Aug, 1888
I, CHARLES SHOWELL of the firm of Edwin Showell and Sons of Lower Loveday
Street Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In door and other bolts, of the ordinary construction, the casing, or that part
wherein the bolt works, and also that part, by which the casing is carried, are usually
made in a single piece, either by the process of casting, or by drawing lengths of
cylindrical tubing, into the cross section of a bolt, or a bolt staple to be made.
This invention consists first, in making the said bolts or the barrel and base parts
thereof, from a single blank or strip of sheet metal, of the length of a bolt to be made.
Secondly, in making the said barrel part, and base part mainly from a single piece
of strip of sheet metal. Thirdly, in making the barrel part in one piece, and the base
part in another piece, and subsequently securing or connecting them together, so as
to form a bolt casing, by brazing, soldering, riveting, or by other like processes or
means.
In making a bolt, or the casing of a bolt, according to the said first part of my
invention, I take a strip or length of sheet metal, of the length of a bolt casing to be
made, and of a sufficient breadth, when shaped, to be of the breadth of a bolt, I then
by means of shaping tools, transform the blank, or gather up the metal, by successive
operations and foldings, into a casing, of the exact cross section of a bolt, and with
the outer and opposite edges of the strip, meeting at the middle of the underfold of
the base part.
Thus, a single blank is shaped into a barrel, and joined to the top fold of the base
part, by a neck, while the underfold, which is a.continuation of the upper fold, is
divided longitudinally down its middle, by the junction of the meeting edges of
the strip.
The base, which is simply the folding of the metal inwards upon itself, is of double
the thickness of the metal of the other part...
Instead of employing press tools, in the fashioning of the bolt casing as aforesaid,
it' may be made, by passing the strip through successive dies, or a series of dies,
whose holes or openings, progressively gather in the metal, into the figure of the
cross section of the bolt casing. In this case, like the former, the barrel of the casing

page_text: produced, is connected to the top side of the base, which is double the thickness of
the blank employed, by a continuous neck or gathered in part.
In the second part of my invention, a blank is operated upon by shaping tools, or
drawing through processes, so as to convert the strip into a bolt casing, with a barrel
part connected to a single thickness of metal, base part, produced by directing the
metal outwards, into opposite flanges, which are encased by a supplementary covering
of thin sheet metal, whose outer edges are folded over the top side of the base, and
with the outer edges of the said covering, presented, and coming up to the junction
of the base part, with the barrel part of the casing.
Or the barrel of the casing, may be shaped with opposite, and parallel flanges at
its base, and over the top side of which said flanges, the edges of a supplementary
strip of metal (which is to form the base) are folded, thus making the barrel and
bolt primarily in two parts, with the base thereof, folded upon itself, and upon the
flanges of the barrel part.
In the third part of my invention, I take a piece of tubing, of the length of a
casing to be made, and a base plate, of a like length as the barrel or casing part, but
of a sufficient breadth to form, when folded upon itself, as herein-after described, the
base for the attachment of the bolt, to a door or other object.
The base part may be drawn or rolled to a slightly raised section, with a semi-
circular trough or depression, of the radius of the barrel, running along its middle,
from end to end; and within which said trough or seat, the underside of a cylindrical
barrel, or tube, (open or close jointed) seats itself, and is therein brazed.
Suitable screw holes aro-arranged at suitable distances apart, on the two opposito
sides, of the base plate.
The bolt staple, wherein the end of the bolt engages, is made in the same way, as
the bolt casing.
Instead of making the base plate, of a raised section as described, I take a skelp or
strip of sheet metal, and fold or return the edges upon itself, so as to leave a
longitudinal and midway depression or channel, upon its top side, and wherein the
lower side of the bolt seats itself, and is there brazed.
Instead of the returned folded edges of the base or flanged part of the casing, lying
flat upon, and with the under part, they may be raised or made to slightly incline
outwards, so as to form a broader and more extended seat, or hollow, as aforesaid, and
wherein the barrel is secured, by brazing, dipping or the like.
The barrel part may be made from a length or strip of sheet metal, bent into a
barrel, and with the edges of the strip, coming undermost, and slightly turned out-
wards into a flange, so as to make a dovetail foot, which fits into a like she dovetail
groove or channel, running along the middle of the top face of the base part.
The longitudinal channel in the base part, may be raised and shaped from the
middle of a flat plate, which forms the base plate.
When the barrel is made from a turned up strip of sheet metal, and with a rib
upon its underside, the said rib may be gapped at intervals, so as to form hanging
projections or parts, which pass through corresponding piercings or holes, made
through, and running along the middle of the base plate.
The barrel is secured to its base, by riveting or spreading out the ends of the
projections, on the underside of the base plate, through which they pass.
If necessary, the barrel part may be made with an open joint upon its underside,
and wherein a flanged or turned up part on the top side of a base plate, engages, and
is there brazed, soldered or otherwise affixed.
The staple plates, or bolt end sockets, are made in the same way as previously
described, with respect to the casing.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of October 1887

page_text: 1, CHARLES SHOWELL of the firm of Edwin Showell & Sons of Lower Loveday
Street Birmingham, in the County of Warwick Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In door, and other bolts of the ordinary construction, the casing, or that part wherein
the bolt works, and also that part, by which the casing is carried, are usually made in
a single piece, either by the process of casting, or by drawing lengths of cylindrical
tubing, into the cross section of a bolt, or a bolt staple to be made.
This invention consists first, in making the said bolts, or the barrel and base parts
thereof, from a single blank or strip of sheet metal, of the length of a bolt to be
made. Secondly, in making the said barrel part, and base part, mainly from a single
piece, of strip or sheet metal. Thirdly, in making the barrel part in one piece, and the
base part in another piece, and subsequently securing or connecting them together, so
as to form a bolt casing, by brazing, soldering, riveting, or by other like processes or
means.
I then
In making a bolt, or the casing of a bolt, according to the said first part of my
invention, I take a strip or length of sheet metal, of the length of a bolt casing to be
made, and of a sufficient breadth, when shaped, to be of the breadth of a bolt;
by means of shaping tools, transform the blank, or gather up the metal, by successive
operations and foldings, into a casing, of the exact cross section of a bolt; and with
the outer and opposite edges, of the strip, meeting at the middle of the underfold of
the base part.
Thus, a single blank is shaped into a barrel, and joined to the top fold of the base
part, by a neck, while the underfold, which is a continuation of the upper fold, is
divided longitudinally down its middle, by the junction of the meeting edges of the
strip.
The base which is simply the folding of the metal inwards, upon itself, is of
double the thickness of the metal of the other part.
.
Instead of employing press tools, in the fashioning of the bolt casing as aforesaid,
it may be made, by passing the strip through successive dies, or a series of dies,
whose holes or openings, progressively gather in the metal, into the figure of the cross
section of the bolt casing. In this case, like the former, the barrel of the casing
produced, is connected to the top side of the base, which is double the thickness of
the blank employed, by a continuous neck, or gathered in part.
In the second part of my invention, a blank is operated upon by shaping tools, or

page_text: drawing through processes, so as to convert the strip into a bolt casing, with a barrel
part, connected to a single thickness of metal. Or the base part may be produced by
directing the metal outwards into opposite flanges, which are encased by a supple-
mentary covering of thin sheet metal, whose outer edges are folded over the top side
of the base, and with the outer edges of the said covering, presented and coming up
to the junction of the base part, with the barrel part of the casing.
Or the barrel of the casing, may be shaped with opposite, and parallel flanges at
its base, and over the top side of which said flanges, the edges of a supplementary
strip of metal (which is to form the base) are folded, thus making the barrel and bolt
primarily in two parts, with the base thereof, folded upon itself, and upon the flanges
of the barrel part.
In the third part of my invention, I take a piece of tubing of the length of a
casing to be made, and a base plate, of a like length as the barrel or casing part,
but of a sufficient breadth to form, when folded upon itself, as herein-after described,
the base, for the attachment of the bolt, to a door or other object.
The base part may be drawn, shaped, or rolled, to a slightly raised section, with a
semi-circular trough or depression, of the radius of the barrel, running along its
middle, from end to end; and within which said trough or seat, the underside of a
cylindrical barrel or tube, (open or close jointed) seats itself, and is therein
brazed.
Suitable screw holes are arranged at suitable distances apart, on the two opposite
sides of the base plate, for the bolts attachment.
Instead of making the base plate, of a raised section as described, I take a skelp or
strip of sheet metal, and fold or return the edges upon itself, so as to leave a longitudinal
and midway depression or channel, upon its top side, and wherein the lower side of
the bolt, seats itself, and is there brazed.
Instead of the returned folded edges of the base or flanged part of the casing,
lying flat upon, and with the under part, they may be raised or made to slightly
incline outwards, so as to form a broader and more extended seat, or hollow, as
aforesaid, and wherein the barrel is secured, by brazing, dipping or the like.
The barrel part may be made from a length or strip of sheet metal, bent into a
barrel, and with the edges of the strip coming undermost, and slightly turned
outwards into a flange, so as to make a dovetail foot, which fits into a like she
dovetail groove or channel, running along the middle of the top face of the base
part.
The longitudinal channel in the base part, may be raised and shaped from the
middle of a flat plate, which forms the base plate.
When the barrel is made from a turned up strip of sheet metal, and with a rib upon
its underside, the said rib may be gapped at intervals, so as to form hanging
projections, or parts, which pass through corresponding piercings or holes, made
through, and running along the middle of the base plate.
The barrel is secured to its base, by riveting or spreading out the ends of the
projections on the underside of the base plate, through which they pass.
If necessary, the barrel part may be made with an open joint upon its underside,
and wherein a flanged or turned up part, on the top side of a base plate, engages,
and is there brazed, soldered, or otherwise affixed.
The staple plates or bolt end sockets, are made in the same way as previously
described, with respect to the casing.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan, a door bolt and box staple, made according to the
first part of my invention. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bolt casing and
base plate, before the barrel part is gapped, for the shank of the knob of the bolt, to
work within.
In making a bolt, figure 1, I take a strip or length of sheet metal figure 3, (shown
with the sides broken off) of the length of a bolt casing to be made, and of a breadth

page_text: sufficient when shaped, to be of the desired breadth of the base of the said
casing, I then by means of shaping tools, transform the said blank into a casing,
figure 4, of which the transverse section shown in elevation at figure 2.
Figure 5 is an inverted plan of figure 4, showing the outer edges of the strip,
meeting in the middle of the underside or underfold of the base part. Thus a single
blank, is gathered in, by gathering in, and folding operations, with the edges of the
two opposite sides of the strip, meeting each other, at the middle of the underfold,
as is best seen in the perspective view figure 2.
In carrying out the manufacture, I preferably take long strips of metal, and trans-
form into continuous lengths, of the sections as aforesaid, and then by cross cuttings,
divide them up, into bolt casings, and box staples.
a is the barrel of the bolt, b is the base or attachment plate (with countersunk
screw holes made therethrough) consisting of two thicknesses of metal, folded one
upon the other, and with the opposite edges 62, of the blank, meeting at the middle of
the underside fold.
Figure 6 shows a modification, in which the base part, is made of a single thickness
of metal, with a supplementary thin sheet metal covering which terminates at the neck
of the barrel part.
a is the barrel, and 6 is the base part, made from a single blank preferably by a
drawing process.
e is a supplementary thin sheet metal covering, and with the
opposite side boundary edges thereof, terminating at the neck of the barrel.
Figure 7 represents another form of my invention, in which the barrel (made from
a blank of drawn metal) has turned up flanges on its underside, while the base or
attachment plate of the bolt casing, is made from a blank of sheet metal, with its
outer sides folded upon itself, and with the boundary edges thereof, being presented
to, and coming upon the tops of the flanges, on the underside of the barrel, and which
parts are secured in position, by soldering, brazing or otherwise.
a is the barrel part, a² are the flanges upon its underside, and b is the base, with the
ends of the top sides 62, coming upon the tops of the flanges a².
Figure 8 is a modified form of bolt casing, made according to this invention.
a is a barrel, raised from sheet metal, with underside projections or long studs a²,
which are passed through like holes 62, in a base plate b, and there riveted, on their
undersides, as best seen in the perspective and sectional view figure 8. It will bo
understood, that the said casing, requires the gappings for the shank of the knob of
the bolt, to work within.
Figure 9 represents the barrel, with its attachment parts, and figure 10 the base plate,
while figure 11 shows the blank, from which the barrel part is made.
Figure 12 represents a bolt, made according to another form of my invention.
Figure 13 is a cross section of the casing, upon the dotted lines A B.
Figure 14 is a top side plan of the base plate, and figure 15 is a cross section of
the same.
Figure 16 is a top side plan of the base, and attachment plate of the box staple,
while figure 17 is a cross section of the said staple base plate.
Figure 18 is an elevation and cross section of the barrel of the bolt, and figure 19 is
an elevation and section of the barrel of the box staple.
In making a bolt, figure 12, I take a strip or length of drawn metal a, figure 14, of
the cross section figure 15, and a barrel b.
The base or carrier part a, has running from end to end, and upon its top side, a
middle depression a², of the outside radius of the barrel part, and wherein the said
barrel is placed, or seats itself, and is therein brazed, soldered, or otherwise affixed, as
represented in figures 12 and 13.
c is the bolt, the operating knob, and c³ the shank, which works within the gap 82
of the barrel part.
The box staple d, which is made in the same way as the bolt casing, consists of
a base d² with trough d³, and barrel d, which lies and is brazed within the said
trough.

page_text: Figure 20 represents a modification of the said bolt, figure 12, and figure 21 shows
the parts separately.
a is the base plate of the barrel of the bolt, made or fashioned from thin sheet or
strip metal, preferably drawn into the section as represented, and with a trough or
semi-circular depression a², running upon its side, and wherein the underside of the
barrel b, seats itself, and is therein brazed, or soldered.
Figure 22 represents a modification of figure 20, and figure 23 the parts separately.
The base in this form, is made by folding the opposite sides of a strip of metal upon
itself, and leaving a longitudinal channel at the middle of its top side, wherein the
barrel of the bolt, is affixed, by brazing, soldering or dipping in a bath of soft metal
or alloy.
a is the base, and a² the trough upon its top side, while 6 is the barrel.
In figure 24, the barrel which is made from a strip of sheet metal, has a slightly
bent out flange or flanges upon its underside, which takes or take into a like shaped
groove, running upon the top side of the base.
a is the base, a² the groove, b the barrel, and 62 the flange or flanges, or rib upon
its underside, which is or are brazed or soldered within the groove a².
In figure 25, a is a base, with its middle formed with a rib a², upon its top side,
which is embraced by the open joint 62, of a barrel b, and is there brazed or soldered.
In figure 26, of which figure 27, shews the parts separate, the base a has a longi-
tudinal slot or groove cut or drawn within it, wherein the underside rib or flanges b²
of a barrel takes, and is therein brazed, or soldered.
Figure 28 represents a modification of figure 25, but with the rib upon the top face
of the base plate, made fantail in cross section, and which said rib, is embraced by the
open joint of the barrel b.
Figure 29 shows the parts figure 28, separated.
Figure 30 shows in plan a bolt casing and box staple, of the preceding
arrangements.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. Making bolt casings and their staples, or staple boxes, from a single blank
of sheet metal, drawn or fashioned into the section of a bolt casing or staple, and
with the metal forming the base part, folded upon itself, or folded undermost upon
itself, so as to thereby form the base part, of double the thickness, of the barrel part,
as described and set forth in figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
Secondly. Making bolt casings and their staples, from a blank of sheet metal,
folded into the cross section of a said bolt casing or staple, and with the base part
encased by a thin sheet metal enclosing covering, as set forth in figure 6.
Thirdly. Making bolt casings, and their staples, from an open jointed flanged
.barrel part, and a folded upon itself base part, and with the opposite ends of the
folded sides of the said base, coming upon, and over the flange or flanges of the
barrel part, which said parts are connected together, by brazing, soldering or
otherwise, as set forth in figure 7.
Fourthly. Making the barrel part of bolt and staple casings, with projections, or
long studs on their undersides, which take into, and are riveted in like holes made
in the base part, thereby producing a bolt casing or staple, as set forth in figures 8, 9,
10 and 11.
Fifthly. Making bolt casings and staple boxes of two parts, viz. :-a base part a,
with a seat or longitudinal middle depression a², formed within its top side, wherein
the underside of the barrel part b, (open or close jointed) is brazed, soldered or
otherwise affixed, as fully described and set forth in figures 12 to 24, and also in
figures 26, 27 and 30.
Sixthly. Securing the barrel parts of bolt casings and staples to their bases, by
forming upon the undersides of the said barrels, flange or ribbed parts, which take,

page_text: and are soldered within grooves, channels or their equivalents, running within the top
sides of the base parts, as set forth in figures 24, 24, 26, 27 and 30.
Lastly. Making bolt casings and staples or staple boxes from an open jointed
tube b, 62, and base a, with a longitudinal and centrally disposed rib a², running upon
its top side, and upon which rib, the joint of the said tube or barrel, is there brazed,
soldered, or affixed by dipping in a bath of molten metal, as set forth in figures 25, 28,
29 and 30.