Improvements in Hollow Rubber Tires for Velosipedes or other Vehicles, and in the Method and Means for Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 28th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 20th May. 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hollow Rubber Tires for Velosipedes or other
Vehicles, and in the Method and Means for Manufacturing
the same.
I, THOMAS Buckland JeffeRY of 222 North Franklin Street, Chicago, in
the United States of America, Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
This invention relates to hollow rubber tires and principally to those intended
to be used for wheels of velocipedes, and it consists in certain improvements in the
method and means for making these tires and particularly such as have on their
edges or surfaces projections or ridges notably those designed to hold the tire on a
wheel. though it is also applicable to the construction of other hollow tires. The
invention further produces an improved tire and therefore comprises such improved
tire as one of its features.
The main feature of the improved method of making the hollow tire is the making
of the same in an endless forin upon an interior mandrel in place of making it in
lengths the ends of which have to be afterwards joined together to form an annular
tire. The method is as fellows on an annular mandrel the diameter of which
corresponds to the diameter of the tire to be made is placed the wrapping and
coating of rubber or other material to produce the tire in an unvulcanized condition.
The mandrel corresponds in cross sectional form to the shape of the hollow interior
of the tire. The mandrel with its wrapping is placed in a ring shaped mould the
interior cavity of which corresponds with the outer surface of the tire, and the tire
is then vulcanized and so produced in an endless form with the mandrel inside.
The mandrel is afterwards removed from the tire by cutting the latter, preferably
in the plane of the circle of the tire, and along the inside of the annular ring so
that the division may be covered by the rim of the wheel to which the tire is
intended to be fixed.
The ring shaped mould that I use is formed with or of two parts meeting on a
horizontal plane which is the central plane of the tire so that the mandrel with its
wrapping may be inserted or removed. It is preferable to make the mould or the
parts thereof each as a complete ring so that there may be no meeting planes
across the tire.
For the production of tires having projecting ribs or flanges for attaching them
to or within the rims of the wheels, I prefer to make one of the annular halves of
the mould, namely that which lies uppermost, in more than one complete annular
piece. It will usually be sufficient to make up this half of the mould of two
annular members, the one having a flange to lie to one side of the rib or flange on
the intended tire, and being first placed properly in position before the other member
which encloses the remainder of the upper lying half of the tire is also brought
into its position. By this construction it is possible to form the ridge or flange on
the tire more easily and perfectly than when the upper half of the mould is in one
piere.
The tire so made can be afterwards reunited at the severed edges by using
cement and can then serve to contain air under pressure, or without reuniting as
aforesaid it may be made to enclose a suitable bladder or air tight tube.
The wrappings which form part of the material of the tire are preferably made
and arranged as follows. The principal wrapping is cut diagonally from the stuff
so that it forms a band in which the threads or fibres lie diagonally, the band being
of sufficient width to lie around the mandrel and rubber or material thereon and
round the ridges or flanges, if any, to be formed on the tire, so that its edges meet

page_text: at or near the line where the tire will afterwards be slit to remove the mandrel.
Another band cut longitudinally with the threads or fibres of the fabric is used to
form a strengthening piece along the "sole" of the tire, being the outermost part
which runs upon the ground; a similar band may be used to be inserted in or along
the rim face of the tire, the edges of this band projecting out into the ridges or
flanges by which this class of tire is secured to the rim.
Dated this 28th day of June 1892.
HERBERT & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hollow Rubber Tires for Velocipedes or other
Vehicles, and in the Method and Means for Manufacturing
the same.
1 THOMAS BUCKLAND JEFFERY of 222 North Franklin Street, Chicago in
the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in which manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to hollow rubber tires and principally to those intended to
be used for wheels of velocipedes and it consists in certain improvements in the
method and means for making these tires and particularly such as have on their
edges or surfaces projections or ridges notably those designed to hold the tire on a
wheel, though it is also applicable to the construction of other hollow tires. The
invention further produces an improved tire and therefore comprises such improved
tire as one of its features.
The main feature of the improved method of making the hollow tire is the
making of the same in an endless form upon an interior mandrel in place of making
it in lengths the ends of which have to be afterwards joined together to form an
annular tire. The method is as follows; reference being made to the annexed
drawing; on an annular mandrel such as A, shown in Fig. 2, the diameter of which
corresponds to the diameter of the tire to be made is placed the wrapping and
coating of rubber or other material to produce the tire in an unvulcanized
condition. The mandrel A corresponds in cross-sectional form to the shape of the
hollow interior of the tire. The mandrel A with its wrapping is placed in a ring
shaped mould B as shown in Fig. 1 the interior cavity of which corresponds
with the outer surface of the tire C and the tire is then vulcanized and is produced
in an endless forin with the mandrel inside. The mandrel is afterwards removed
from the tire by cutting the latter, preferably in the plane of the circle of the tire,
and along the inside of the annular ring so that the division may be covered by the
rim of the wheel to which the tire is intended to be fixed. The preferable cut is
shown at C Fig. 3. The ring shaped mould that I use is formed, as shown in
section on a larger scale in Fig. 3 or in alternative form in Fig. 4, with or of
two parts, meeting on a horizontal plane as at 62, which is the central plane of
the tire so that the mandrel with its wrapping may be inserted or removed.
It is
preferable to make the mould or the parts thereof each as a complete ring, so
that there may be no meeting planes across the tire. The production of tires
without ribs or flanges is sufficiently indicated in above description. For the
production of tires having projecting ribs or flanges C for attaching them to or
within the rims he wheels, I prefer to make one of the annular halves of the
mould namely that b, which lies uppermost in more than one complete annular
piece. It will usually be sufficient to make up this half of the mould of two
annular members as b³, the one having a flange to lie to one side of the rib or
flange on the intended tire, and being first placed properly in position before the
other member, which encloses the remainder of the upper lying half of the tire is
also brought into its position. By this construction it is possible to form the ridge

page_text: or flange on the tire more easily and perfectly than when the upper half of the
mould is in one piece.
The tire so made can be afterwards reunited at the severed edges (" by using
cement and can then serve to contain air under pressure or without reuniting as
aforesaid it may be made to inclose a suitable bladder or airtight tube.
The wrappings which form part of the material of the tire are preferably made
-being represented by dotted lines in Fig. and and arranged as follows:
The principal wrapping D is cut diagonally from the stuff so that it forms a band,
in which the threads or fibres lie diagonally, the band being of sufficient width to
lie around the mandrel and rubber or material thereon and round the ridges or
flanges, if any, to be formed on the tire and so that its edges meet at or near the
line C, where the tire will afterwards be slit to remove the mandrel. Another
band D cut longitudinally with the threads or fibres of the fabric is used to form a
strengthening piece along the "sole" of the tire, being the outermost part which
runs upon the ground; a similar band D2 may be used to be inserted in or along
the rim face of the tire the edges of this band projecting out into the ridges or
flanges by which this class of tire is secured to the rim. EE are bolt holes
for securing the parts of the mould together.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1) An annular hollow tire for velocipedes or other vehicles, formed in a
continuous length without cross join and having an annular slit or junction C¹
along its inwardly lying face.
2) An annular hollow tire for velocipedes or other vehicles formed in a
continuous length without cross join with or upon webbings D D¹ D' cut and
arranged as described and having an annular slit or junction C¹ along its inwardly
lying face.
3) The method of manufacturing a continuous annular hollow tire without cross
join, consisting in moulding the same upon an annular core and within an annular
mould divided in the centre plane of the tire vulcanizing and subsequently removing
the core by an incision C' as described.
4) The method of manufacturing a continuous annular hollow tire without cross
join the same having lateral ribs or projecting flanges such as C consisting in
moulding the same upon an annular mandrel and within a mould divided in the
centre plane of the tire and having the upper lying part again divided into two
annular parts as herein described, vulcanizing and removing the tire by incision C¹
as de-cribed.
5) The combination in a tire mould of an annular core A an annular half mould '
and an annularly divided corresponding half mould &³ for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 28th day of March 1893.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.