Improvements in Dyeing, Bleaching, Washing, or otherwise treating Cops of Yarn or the like, and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 25th Oct., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Dyeing, Bleaching, Washing, or otherwise treating
Cops of Yarn or the like, and Apparatus therefor.
A communication from abroad by FRIEDRICH KORNFELD, of No. 3, Heuwagsplatz,
Prague, in the Empire of Austria, Manufacturer.
1, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.L.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster and 23, High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
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The invention relates to a method and apparatus for dyeing, bleaching washing or
otherwise treating yarns in "cops' or similar form in which these yarns are fixed
in novel shaped sheaths or holders and are brought in contact with the liquids or
gases necessary for treating them by means of any suitable suction or pressure
apparatus.
In the following Specification, the method of dyeing is specially treated of, but
the method remains the same without any alteration in the apparatus, if, instead of
a dye, a bleaching or washing liquid is intended to act on the yarns.
On the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of the apparatus.
Figure 2 a sectional plan.
The apparatus works in the following manner :-
A vessel G of any suitable shape is provided with a double bottom B B¹ into
which the dye liquor is introduced under pressure or drawn in through the pipe R.
The inner bottom plate B is provided with a number of openings in which are
secured little conical tubes reaching inwards (within the vessel G) and
holders H are placed over these little tubes, in which holders are placed the cops C
to be dyed.
The holders H end at top in perforated cones which traverse the lid D of the
vessel, over this lid an outer cover D¹ is secured so as to form a chamber Z from
which an exit pipe R' branches off. If a dye liquid be now forced under pressure
through R (or R¹) into the vessel (or sucked through R or R¹ respectively) it
penetrates the cops placed in the holders and dyes them.
An arrow shows the course of the liquid but of course it could assume the opposite
direction.
Experience has however shown that, if the cops are simply placed in the holders,
each wind of yarn is not dyed equally, there remain, especially in the middle and
upper parts, weaker dyed (fainter) portions, which can only result from the fact that
the dye liquid has not had sufficient time to penetrate all the coils of the yarn, in the
tighter wound parts of the cops, and even during its rapid passage through the
holder it does not reach certain coils at all.
The object of this invention is to remove this drawback, that is, to compel the
dye liquid to traverse all parts of the cops and to yield a uniform dyeing of the same,
and this result is obtained by means of peculiarly constructed holders, which place
obstacles in the course of the liquid flowing through them, so that the liquid is forced
to accumulate in various parts of the holder and make its way by travelling round
the obstacles, whereby the liquid, through its longer detention at certain parts of the
holder, finds time to reach and dye the whole body of the cops in all their coils.
The new holder of this invention, made of sheet metal and divided into several
parts, is shown in Figure 3 in elevation and in Figure 4 in section. Figures 5, 6
and 7 are separate details of the same.

page_text: The holder (corresponding to the shape of the cops) is cylindrical in its middle
part and runs into cones at each end. It is made in several parts and provided in
its middle and upper parts with obstacles for resisting the flow of liquid through it.
These obstacles are small metal flanges b which project into the inside of the holder
and insert themselves between the coils of the cops.
The cone H of the lower part H' of the holder, ends in a small tube a, which is
placed over the little tube bringing the dye, this part H¹ of the holder is provided
at top with two plates m pivoted at s, which plates are bent up at right angles all
round so that the projecting flanges b project into the interior of the holder or
penetrate the coils of the cop C.
In Figure, 5 the small covering plates m are shown attached to the holder H¹ by
the hinge S.
The cop C is first placed in the holder H' after that the little plates m are pushed
home, so that the flanges b penetrate into the coils of the yarn as in Figure 4. The
middle part H2 of the holder is then put on the lower part H'.
This middle part H2 of the holder is also provided at its upper end with obstruc-
tions, namely small metal plates p p, which penetrate between the coils of the yarn,
and can be turned outwards round the hinge S', see Figure 6, which is a plan view
of the part H2 of the holder, the small plates p being here shown separated and
placed in proximity; in the latter case they penetrate the yarn coils.
Finally the conical cover H³ is placed over H2. This cover is provided with a
small exit pipe o for the dye liquor.
Experience has shown that the cops are more unequally dyed at the places where
the obstructions (insertion plates) b and p are placed.
By the insertion of these obstructions the dye liquid has an obstructed passage
through the holder. It accumulates at band p, is compelled to force a passage for
itself (in the direction of the arrow in Figure 4) through the cops, penetrates them
thoroughly and thus dyes them uniformly in all parts.
Small india rubber plates g are inserted between the sides B and D of the vessel
for the purpose of making a tight joint, and for the same purpose the cap H³ has a
flange cast on, on which the washers are fitted.
Figure 7 of the drawings is a section of Figure 4 on line xx.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. An apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, washing, steaming or otherwise treating
yarns in cops or the like comprising a holder for holding the thread, and in which one
or more flanges or obstacles bp are adapted to penetrate the cops or coils of thread
and partly thus obstruct the passage of the liquid through the holder, whereby a
uniform and complete treatment or saturation of the thread is brought about.
2. The herein described arrangement of parts forming the apparatus for dyeing,
bleaching, washing, steaming or otherwise treating yarns in cops or the like.
Dated this 19th day of September 1890
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.