IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING, AND WINDING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Martyn John Roberts, of Pendarren, near Crick-
howell, in the County of Brecknock, Esquire, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING,
DOUBLING, AND WINDING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 2nd June 1865, and dated the 7th December 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Martyn John Roberts
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th December 1864.
I, MARTYN JOHN ROBERTS, of Pendarren, near Crickhowell, in the County
of Brecknock, Esquire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, DOUBLING,
AND WINDING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved method or methods of obtaining the
drag" or tension on the yarn or thread while being wound upon bobbins or
spools, and also in rendering yarn or thread or other twisted form of fibrous
material smoother than it is now usually made.
And I obtain these results in the following manner:-First, by interposing
a tube between the ordinary spindle of throstles or other similar machines and
the bobbin or spool upon which the fibrous material is wound, while the
bobbin or spool is supported by a seat or bearing independent of that upon

page_text: which the bottom of the tube rests, and also separated from any flange or pro-
jection attached to the tube itself.
Secondly, sometimes instead of using the ordinary spindle with a tube as
described, I use the "Darnforth throstle" or "cap frame," and when using this
I place a tube, ring, or other shaped surface outside the yarn or thread pro-
ceeding from the delivering roller on its way to the bobbin, and the friction of
the yarn upon this ring or other surface tends to lay into the thread its rough
fibres, while that outer ring or surface when placed or extending below the
guide wire board retards the yarn in its revolution by the friction between the
yarn and the surface of the ring, and thus tends to wind it and the yarn upon
the bobbin or spool within the cap, and sometimes instead of using a cap at
rest, as in the "Darnforth throstle," I affix the cap (or a skeleton frame of
like shape) to a revolving spindle, and depend upon the friction of the yarn
upon the outer ring described for the drag.
And in order to regulate the amount of tension or drag upon the yarn
when a cap either at rest or revolving is used I cause the yarn or other
form of fibrous material to pass through a movable guide wire, and by
raising or lowering this guide the amount of the yarns pressure upon the
cap is changed, and I thus increase or diminish the amount of drag upon
the yarn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Martyn John Roberts in the Great Seal Patent Office o
the 7th June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MARTYN
JOHN ROBERTS, of Pendarren, near Crickhowell, in the County of Brecknock,
Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Martyn John Roberts, Her special licence that I, the said
Martyn John Roberts, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Martyn John Roberts, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of

page_text: Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING, SPINNING,
DOUBLING, AND WINDING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Martyn John Roberts, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Martyn John Roberts, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in an improved method or methods of obtaining the
drag or tension on the yarn or thread while being wound upon bobbins or spools,
and also in rendering yarn or thread or other twisted form of fibrous material
smoother than it is now usually made.
And I obtain these results in the following manner:-First, by interposing
a tube between the ordinary spindle of throstles or other similar machines and
the bobbin or spool upon which the fibrous material is wound, while the
bobbin or spool is supported by a seat or bearing independent of that upon
which the bottom of the tube rests, and also separated from any flange or
projection attached to the tube itself, and this separation of the bobbin from
the spindle by the tube and from the flange of the tube produces a more
even drag.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a sectional elevation, illustrating
this part of my Invention. A is the tube which I interpose between the
ordinary spindle B and the bobbin or spool C, which rests upon a cloth
washer a upon a supplementary rail D, connected by studs b, b, to and moving
with the lifter rail E, upon which the base of the tube A rests.
Second, instead of using the ordinary spindle with a tube as described, I
use the Darnforth throstle or cap frame, and then I place a tube, ring, or
other shaped surface outside the yarn or thread proceeding from the delivery
rollers on its way to the bobbin, and the friction of the yarn upon the ring or
other surface tends to lay into the thread its rough fibres, while the ring or
other surface, when placed or extending below the guide wire board, retards
the yarn in its revolution by the friction between the yarn and the surface

page_text: "of the ring, and thus tends to wind the yarn upon the bobbin or spool within
"the cap.
-At Figure 2, A is the ring shewn near the top of the cap B, but it may be
placed in any other position, or its surface may be extended; Figure 3 is a
plan of the ring A detached.
And sometimes instead of using a cap at rest as in the Darnforth throstle,
I affix the cap (or a skeleton frame of like shape) to a revolving spindle,
and depend upon the friction of the yarn upon a ring as herein-before last
'described for the "drag."
:
And in order to regulate the amount of tension or drag upon the yarn
when a cap either at rest or revolving is used, I cause the yarn or other form
of fibrous material to pass through a moveable guide wire, and by raising or
lowering this guide the degree of pressure of the yarn upon the cap is
changed, and I thus increase or diminish the amount of drag upon the yarn.
Figure 4 shews this moveable guide wire applied to a cap. A is a fixed
guide wire; B is a moveable guide wire extending from a support C, free to
move up and down a pillar D, the face of which carries ratchets a, a; b is
a paul for fixing the guide wire B in any desired position on the rack.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention of "Improve.
ments in Means or Apparatus for Preparing, Spinning, Doubling, and
Winding Wool, Cotton, and other Fibrous Substances," and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First, the separation of the bobbin either partially or entirely from the
spindle by means of a tube, from the flange or base of which the bobbin is
also separated.
Second, the application of a tube, ring, or other shaped body to the yarn on
its way from the delivering rollers to the bobbin for the purpose of smoothing
the yarn or for producing a drag.
: And third, the employment of a moveable ring or guide for regulating
the drag.
In witness whereof I, the said Martyn John Roberts, have hereunto. set
my hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five.
MARTYN J. ROBERTS. (L.S.)