Improvements in Centrifugal Separators.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Mar., 1899--Accepted. 29th Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Separators.
I, ERIK GUSTAF NICOLAUS SALENICS, of Stora Kraftriket, Albano, in the
Kingdom of Sweden, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement;-
This invention relates to centrifugal milk separators, the object being to allow
of the centrifugal process taking place in different phases or stages; that is to
say, in such a manner that the milk on being introduced into the drum is sub-
jected, first to the centrifugal action while divided up into small portions, then
while in a mass, and finally while spread out in a thin sheet. This action, which
is accompanied by great efficiency, is brought about by mounting in the drum a
number of tubes or conduits extending radially and obliquely upward and out-
ward from an axial milk inlet-tube, which flares or widens at the bottom, the
said radial tubes being slotted or perforated on opposite sides, the one facing
and the other turned away from the axis of the drum. In the drum there is
morcover, placed a bell-like partition, the wall of which is at only a little dis-
tance from the wall of the drum, and this bell encloses the aforesaid axial and
radial tubes.
In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the
invention,
Figure is a vertical, axial section of the drum, and Figure 2 is a horizontal
section of the same taken on the line of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a fragmentary, sectional view, on a larger scale, showing the con-
struction of the cream-inlets.
The drum is designated by a, and its cover by k; the flared inlet-tube d for
the milk is set in the axis of the drum and the bell encloses it. The crown-
sheet of the bell rests on the top of the tube d, and its outer wall, which is slightly
flared toward its lower edge, extends nearly to the bottom and wall of the drum,
but is not in contact therewith so that there is room for the milk to flow out
under its edge and up between it and the drum, in a thin sheet.
From the flared, lower part of the inlet-tube d. a plurality of upwardly and
outwardly radiating tubes or conduits, c extend up to the crown of the bell b,
which closes their upper ends. Each tube c has oppositely arranged slots, c¹,
one along the side of the tube facing the axis of the drum and the other along
its opposite or outer side. Preferably these apertures c¹ will be in the form of
longitudinally extending slits as seen in Figure 2, but they may be rows of
perforations.
The bell bhas upright, radially-arranged plates or vanes f (as best seen in
Figure 2) preferably as many in number as the tubes c, and alternating with
said tubes. These vanes extend from the crown of the bell down to the flared
lower end of the milk inlet-tube d.
A ring-flange or plate extends from the crown of the drum down to the top
of the side wall of the bell b, at 63, this flange having the same diameter as the

page_text: upper end of the bell; and through this flange extend the tubes or pipes m,
which carry off the skimmed or blue milk from the drum. In the ring-flange
are apertures h¹ just above the top or crown of the bell, and on the outer face of
said flange, just above the apertures h', is a ring-like, sloping hood, which
extends out nearly to the drum-wall.
The milk entering the rotating drum through the axial tube d (being sup-
plied through a pipe) is thrown outward by the centrifugal action, and finding
no escape at the bottom of said tube (which is closed), it is driven outward
through the radial tubes c, in which it is subjected to the centrifugal force. The
cream escapes from the tubes c through the inner slots therein and the skimmed
or blue milk through the outer slots. The milk flows from the tubes c into the
hollow or space within the bell b, and there undergoes centrifugal treatment in
mass. From the hollow of the bell the partially skimmed milk flows outwardly
under the lower edge of the bell and into the narrow, annular space w, between
the sloping wall of the bell and the upright wall of the drum, while the crean
separated within the bell rises and flows out through a cream-outlet pipe n,
which taps the crown of the bell b. While flowing upward through the rela-
tively narrow space, w, the partially skimmed milk is subjected to powerful
centrifugal force while in a thin skeet. On reaching the annular hood h, in its
upward flow, the blue or skimmed milk next to the drum-wall, is separated from
the inner cream wall and pass up to and out at the tubes m, while the cream
therefrom flows inwardly through the apertures to the space over the convex
crown of the bell and rises thence to an aperture, n, in the side of the tube n
at the point where the latter discharges.
Owing to the main portion of the cream having been primarily separated
within the bell b, the subsequent treatment of the milk in the narrow, annular
chamber w, is enabled to move substantially all of the butter fat still remaining
in the milk and thus the loss of fat carried off in the blue milk will be reduced
to a minimum.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a centrifugal separator for milk, the combination with the drum, of an
upright milk inlet-tube d, in the axis of the drum and having a flared and
closed lower end, a plurality of radially-arranged, upwardly and outwardly
inclined tubes c, open to the interior of the flared portion of the tube d at their
lower ends, closed at their upper ends, and furnished with apertures c¹ a bell b,
enclosing the pipes c and d, said bell being of such size and so placed as to form
a narrow annular space w about it between its wall and the wall of the drum, a
discharging tube m, to lead the skimmed or blue milk from the space w, a dis-
charging tube n adapted to lead the cream from within the bell, and means for
skimming the cream from the blue milk rising in the chamber, substantially
aş set forth.
2. In a centrifugal separator for milk, the combination with the drum, the
axial milk inlet-tube, the radial apertured, separating tubes c, and the enclosing
bell b, of the ring-flange b¹, extending from the drum-cover down to the top of
the wall of the bell and provided with apertures h¹, the hood h, above said aper
tures and extending out nearly to the drum-wall, and the tubes m for the blue
milk extending through the pendent flange b', substantially as set forth.
Dated this 20th day of Moh 1800
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.