Improvements in Kilns for Burning Cement and other Substances.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 30th July, 1898
Complete Specification Loft 14th An 1800 Accented 10th June 1800
Date of Application, 30th July, 1898
Complete Specification Left,
aft 14th
th Apr,
1800
Accepted, 10th June,
1800
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Kilns for Burning Cement and other Substances.
We, VERNER FREDERICK LAESSÖE SMIDTII, of Vestergade 29, Copenhagen, in
the Kingdom of Denmark, and EMIL RIISAGER, of Port Kunda, Estland, in the
Empire of Russia, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
Kilns for burning cement and other substances, such as lime, are sometimes
constructed with an upper chamber in which the raw material is heated by waste
heat from the burning part of the charge preparatory to itself being burnt, a
lower chamber into which the burnt material descends and in which, prior to
its withdrawal from the bottom of the kiln, it is more or less cooled by cold air,
and an intermediate chamber or zone through which the material passes and
in which it is burnt together with the necessary fuel. Hitherto the fuel has
been introduced from outside the kiln through openings in the exterior walls
thereof and it has been found difficult to so distribute the fuel amongst the
charge at the proper point as to ensure an even burning of the charge.
Now an object of this invention is to construct a kiln in such a manner that
the fuel may be easily and uniformly introduced at the required part of the kiln
and that the entire charge of the kiln will descend by gravity as burnt material
is withdrawn from the bottom.
The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example such a construc-
tion of kiln.
Fig. 1 is a central vertical section.
Figs 2, 3 and 4 are horizontal sections respectively on the lines a b, c d,
and ef, Fig. 1; and
Fig. 5 is a corresponding view to Fig. 1 but at right angles thereto.
Through the kiln there extends a passage or tunnel A; the bottom B of
this passage is arched (see Fig. 5) and situated above the burning or calcining
chamber C of the kiln into the centre of which fuel can be fed from the
passage A through fuel shoots s.
The passage A is conveniently of more or
less triangular section as shown and extends right through the kiln from one
side to the other; the spaces D and E at the sides of the passage are charged
through openings F with the material to be burnt in the kiln, said spaces
serving as preliminary heating chambers whence the material passes by gravity.
The burner, when standing in the passage A, is as it were, right in the middle
of the kiln and can more easily inspect, through the shoots s, the fire at all
parts of the burning or calcining chamber than is the case with other known
constructions of kilns.
The calcined material, after having been cooled during its gradual descent
through the chamber C, the walls of which are formed with apertures m to per-
mit the insertion of clearing or stirring tools, is drawn through the grating G
below. The entire charge of the kiln will descend by gravity or "set" after

page_text: each drawing; raw material is then filled in through the doors F. In this
way the operation of kiln is rendered continuous, the material to be burnt con-
stantly passing through the kiln by gravity, whilst the necessary fuel is brought
in through the shoots s in the bottom of the passage. The walls of the
chamber C may be made hollow as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the spaces in them
communicating with the interior of the kiln some little distance above the grate
and with a flue encircling the upper part of the burning chamber and communi-
cating with the external atmosphere. By means of the draught in the kiln,
cool air is drawn into this flue, and through the hollow spaces in the brick work
in a downward direction, keeping the chamber lining cool and being at the same
time heated on its way into the kiln through openings just above the grate.
Improvements in Kilns for Burning Cement and other Substances.
We, VERNER FREDERICK LAESSOE SMIDTH, of Vestergade 29, Copenhagen, in
the Kingdom of Denmark, and EMIL RIISAGER, of Port Kunda, Estland, in the
Empire of Russia, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
Kilns for burning cement and other substances, such as lime, are sometimes
constructed with an upper chamber in which the raw material is heated by waste
heat from the burning part of the charge preparatory to itself being burnt, a
lower chamber into which the burnt material descends and in which, prior to
its withdrawal from the bottom of the kiln, it is more or less cooled by cold air,
and an intermediate chamber or zone through which the material passes and
in which it is burnt together with the necessary fuel. Hitherto the fuel has
been introduced from outside the kiln through openings in the exterior walls
thereof and it has been found difficult to so distribute the fuel amongst the
charge at the proper point as to ensure an even burning of the charge.
Now an object of this invention is to construct a kiln in such a manner that
the fuel may be easily and uniformly introduced at the required part of the kiln
and that the entire charge of the kiln will descend by gravity as burnt material
is withdrawn from the bottom.
Referring to the drawings left with our Provisional Specification Fig. 1 is
a central vertical section of a kiln constructed according to this invention.
Figs 2, 3 and 4 are horizontal sections respectively on the lines a b, c d,
and ef, Fig. 1; and
Fig. 5 is a corresponding view to Fig. 1 but at right angles thereto.
Through the kiln there extends a passage or tunnel A; the bottom B of
this passage is carried on arches (see Fig. 5) and situated above the burning
or calcining chamber C of the kiln into which fuel can be fed from the
passage A through fuel shoots s.
The passage A is conveniently of more or
less triangular section as shown and extends right through the kiln from one
side to the other the spaces D and E at the sides of the passage are charged
through openings F with the material to be burnt in the kiln, said spaces

page_text: serving as preliminary heating chambers whence the material passes by gravity
into the calcining chamber.
The burner, when standing in the passage A, is as it were, right in the middle
of the kiln and can more easily inspect, through the shoots 3, the fire at all
parts of the burning or calcining chamber than is the case with other known
constructions of kilns.
The calcined material, after having been cooled during its gradual descent
through the chamber C, the walls of which are formed with apertures m to per-
mit the insertion of clearing or stirring tools, is drawn through the grating G
below. The entire charge of the kiln will descend by gravity or "set" after
each drawing; raw material is then filled in through the doors F. In this
way the operation of kiln is rendered continuous, the material to be burnt con-
stantly passing through the kiln by gravity, whilst the necessary fuel is brought
in through the shoots s in bottom of the passage A. The walls of the
chamber C may be made hollow as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, the spaces in them
communicating with the interior of the kiln some little distance above the grate
and with a flue encircling the upper part of the burning chamber and communi-
cating with the external atmosphere. By means of the draught in the kiln,
cool air is drawn into this flue, and through the hollow spaces in the brickwork
in a downward direction, keeping the chamber lining cool and being at the same
time heated on its way into the kiln through openings just above the grate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A kiln comprising an upper chamber in which raw material is heated pre-
paratory to itself being burnt, a calcining chamber or zone and a passage or
tunnel that extends through the kiln from one side to the other, the bottom or
floor of the said passage or tunnel being situated just above the calcining
chamber and being formed with shoots or apertures through which fuel can be
introduced to the calcining chamber or zone, substantially as described.
2. A kiln of the kind specified in Claim 1 constructed, arranged and operating
substantially as described with reference to and shown in the drawings.
Dotad this 14th low of Anril 1800
Doted this 14th day of April 1800
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent.