IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SPINDLES OF SPINNING MACHINES, AND IN QUILLS THAT MAY BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Clarence Stanley, of New Hartford, in the State
of Connecticut, in the United States of America, Manufacturer, for the Inven-
tion of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SPINDLES OF SPINNING MACHINES, AND IN
QUILLS THAT MAY BE USED THEREWITH."
Sealed the 14th January 1879, and dated the 29th July 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Clarence Stanley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th July 1878.
JAMES CLARENCE STANLEY, of New Hartford, in the State of Connecticut, in the
United States of America, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SPINDLES OF
SPINNING MACHINES, AND IN QUILLS THAT MAY BE USED THEREWITH."
These improvements relate to spindles which are self-oiling, or which lubricate
themselves by their own rotation, and also to the construction of quills to be used
thereon.
The spindle is supported in a bolster or casing, which is non-rotary, and which
rests upon the spindle rail through or into which it passes.
The bolster also forms the upper bearing for the spindle, and has a bottom part,
which forms or carries the step bearing for the lower end of the spindle. Such
spindle and its casing or bolster stand or rest within a suitable chamber formed in
the rail, which chamber is also an oil chamber, from which the oil passes into the.
interior of the spindle bolster, and to the spindle through ducts or openings provided
for such purpose. The revolution of the spindle has a tendency to cause the oil to
rise around the spindle, but to render such lubrication more certain and uniform
there is placed on the spindle, at or near its lower end, a conical nut, having a spiral
groove cut in its surface, the effect of which is to continually force or lift up the oil,,
and thereby secure more perfect and uniform lubrication than could be secured were
such nut not used. This nut is not however in contact with the sides of the bolster,
but should be smaller than the bolster and rotate freely within it. Liability of the
Din fd21

page_text: groove to become obstructed or closed by means of dust or anything in the oil is
thereby prevented.
The improvement in the quill consists in so forming the inner shell or bushing
that the quill will fit upon the spindle with either end uppermost. The wear of the
quill is thus doubled, and it can be placed upon the spindle much more conveniently 5
and quickly than the ordinary quill, as no attention is required to get it in the position
with the right end up.
:
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Clarence Stanley in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 28th
January 1879.
JAMES CLARENCE STANLEY, of New Hartford, in the State of Connecticut, in the
United States of America, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SPINDLES OF
SPINNING MACHINES, AND IN QUILLS THAT MAY BE USED THEREWITH."
These improvements relate to spindles which are self-oiling, or which lubricate
themselves by means of their own rotation, and also relate to the construction of
quills to be used in such spindles.
Figure 1 is a view, partly in central vertical section, of the spindle and a part of
the spinning frame in which it rests, the two being in proper position.
Figure 2 is a detached view of the spindle shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a detached view of the lower end of the spindle and its conical
spirally-grooved nut.
Figure 4 is a representation of another mode of applying such spindle to the
frame.
Figure 5 is an exterior view of the spinning quill.
Figures 6 and 7 are views of the same in central longitudinal section, showing
the interior shells or bushings, with bearings between the inner and outer shells,
differently located.
A is a portion of a spinning rail, forming a part of the spinning frame, and is a
solid or continuous piece of metal, and contains within itself a series of chambers a
corresponding in number with the number of spindles desired, each of which is a
receptacle and holder of a spindle B, and its bolster or casing b, and through which
support is given to the spindle; such chamber also forms an oil chamber to the
spindle.
The bolster or casings 6 of the spindles rest by shoulders c upon the top of the
rail A, and are kept in vertical position in the chambers a by the bearings d and e,
and are held in position by the set screws C.
The spindles B revolve within the bolsters or casings b, which are non-rotary,
such casings forming the upper bearings of the spindles, the spindles being made
cylindrical for a part of their length 1, 1, corresponding in position with the upper
ends of bolsters or casings, and for a distance, to give a sufficient bearing in the

page_text: bolsters, and tapering for the rest of their length, both above and below such
cylindrical part.
To the lower ends of the bolster proper are screwed or connected the bolster
ends b', which carry or form the step bearings g for the lower ends of the spindles.
In the bolster or casing, and towards its upper end, is formed a cup h to receive any
overflow of the oil over the top of the bolster or casing, and leading from such
cup h are ducts i, i, which permit any oil gathered in such cup to flow freely down-
ward into the oil chamber a surrounding the lower part of the spindle and its
casing. The oil is admitted to the interior of the bolster or casing b, and to the
spindle B by means of openings j, j
The spindle B is fitted with a whirl f, which is fixed to the spindle, and serves
not only as a whirl or pulley whereby the spindle is driven, but is also formed on
its under or bottom side into a reversed cup l, which shuts over the cup h to prevent
the oil from being thrown out laterally by the motion of the spindle, and at the
same time preventing dust and dirt entering the cup h.
Around the lower end of the spindle B, and just above the bearing g of its lower
end, is placed a conical nut D, in the outer periphery of which is a spiral groove m.
This nut revolves with the spindle, and by means of its spiral groove continually
lifts or forces up the oil around the spindle, and causes a larger quantity of oil to
circulate within the casing 6 than would be effected by mere capillary attraction
and the revolution of the spindle. This nut should be of a little less diameter than
the chamber in which it revolves, so as to have no contact with the sides of such
chamber.
By such relative construction and arrangement of the nut and the chamber in
which it revolves, the spiral groove of the nut is prevented becomming filled, partially
or wholly, by dust or any sediment that may enter or gather in the oil chamber a,
which would be likely to enter the groove if the nut was in close contact with the
sides of the chamber, and which would thus choke or fill it, and prevent its free and
natural action in carrying or forcing the oil upward.
The nut D also acts as a collar to prevent by its contact with the shoulders 6", ·
the spindle rising out of its bearing.
An oil duct E within the rail A, and to which oil is supplied through a cup n,
communicates with all the chambers a in the rail. All the spindles can thus be
oiled at once, and whether in motion or at rest, and sufficient oil can be supplied to
last for a long time.
The Drawing represents such oil duct E as being made in the rail near its top,
but such duct can be placed at or near the bottom part of the rail, the oil chamber a
opening directly into it, and this arrangement of placing the common oil duct at the
bottom of the frame is in some respects deemed preferable, and particularly for
facility in cleaning the chamber a.
The bolsters or casings of the spindles, instead of being fastened in the rail A in
the manner before described, may have a thread cut upon them, and be screwed into
the rail as into a nut. The particular mode of fastening however not material.
Fig. 8 illustrates a screw connection as referred to.
Such self-oiling spindle, with its spiral nut, can also be applied to a spinning frame
made in the usual manner, with an upper and lower rail, and not made solid, as
before described. Figure 4 represents such an application.
The lower or step bearing g in such case is connected with the bottom rail by a
screw and nut 2, and around the spindle and its casing is placed an outer jacket F,
which forms the chamber for the spindle and its casing. This outer jacket is secured
to the upper rail by means of a nut o, and also forms an oil chamber a, to which oil
is furnished by a cup p, such cup being protected by a cover p².
The operation of the spindle and spiral nut is the same in such construction as
before described.
Upon the upper end of the spindle B, above the whirl f, is placed the quill G,
which consists of an exterior tube or shell r, with an inner shell or bushing 8, which
is so shaped that it will fit upon the spindle with either end uppermost. The
.

page_text: ..
bearings t between the inner and outer shells may be variously located, as illustrated
in Figs. 6 and 7.
.
By such form of construction the quills can be placed more rapidly upon the
spindles, as no attention has to be given in putting them on the spindles, either end
fitting the spindle, and the wear of the quill is also doubled.
What is claimed is,―
1. The combination with the spindle B and its bolster or casing 6 of the conical
spirally-grooved nut D, the several parts arranged substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
.
:
2. The combination of the spindle B having a casing and conical spirally-grooved
nut, substantially as described, with a spinning frame, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
3. The combination with a spindle B of a spinning quill having its inner shell so
shaped as to fit upon the spindle either end uppermost, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Clarence Stanley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine.
JAMES CLARENCE STANLEY. (L.S.)