IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH
LOOMS FOR WEAVING." A communication from abroad by Pierre Joseph
Vitrant. of Paris, France.
Scaled the 7th November 1876, and dated the 8th May 1876.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th May 1876.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH LOOMS FOR WEAVING." A communication
from abroad by Pierre Joseph Vitrant, of Paris, France.
This Invention refers to a new apparatus for weaving which is free from the
inconveniences existing in those at present in use.
The following are the essential characteristic features of the Invention :—
1. The cylinder or card barrel is driven by gear.
"
2. Tho heddles or “healds” receive a motion so that the "shed" remains open
the longest time possible without reducing the speed.
3. The "heddles or healds" which do not rise are lowered.
4. There is a dead point, that is to say, that in a certain position all the "heddles'
are at the same level."
5. The size of the opening of the "shed" can at all times be varied.
"
6. The apparatus is at the side of the loom, whereby marks or spots on the fabric
aro avoided.
7. It is placed sufficiently low as to be easily accessible.
8. It does not possess any eccentric or cam.
9. The parts are strong, and constructed in such way that repairs are reduced to
a minimum.
10. It does not require more power than the eccentrics, and works at all speeds
like eccentrics.
A vertical shaft carries a bevil wheel at its lower end in gear with a similar
wheel on a horizontal shaft, from which motion is obtained. The upper end of
vertical shaft is cranked, which through a connecting rod communicates motion to
bracket or lever keyed to lower end of a vertical rod, carrying at its upper end
another bracket or lever, which through connecting rod communicates motion to a
[Price 6d.]

page_text: rocking lever, the axis of which is fixed to the frame of the apparatus. Two other
levers are jointed to the rocking lever which transmit the necessary to-and-fro
motion to the horizontal blades, which are jointed on trunnions or studs mounted
on standards. The hooks are placed horizontally on the cross bars of the fraine,
and are guided in their movement by guides.
The card cylinder receiving motion from bevil gearing causes the cards to travel
round the cylinder. These cards are provided with projections, so that when one
comes opposite the lever the latter is displaced and raises the hook. These hooks
can thus occupy two positions according to whether the cards present or do not
present a projection. If one is not presented the hook remains in its normal
position, and the blade draws it from right to left, thus raising the "heddle" or
heald" corresponding to the said hook. If on the contrary a projection on the
card displaces the lever and raises the hook, the opposite blade comes into action
and draws the hook in the opposite direction, and the corresponding “headdle or
heald" lowered.
The advantages of this arrangement are numerous, some are-
1. As many heddles and as many cards may be used as desired.
2. The heddles being driven from top to bottom springs and weights are dispensed
with, thus rendering the machine very light.
3. The mechanism cannot easily get out of order, it may be placed in the hands
of unskilled workmen, even those without having studied the particular class of
work.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th
November 1876.
EDWARD GRIFFITII BREWER, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH LOOMS FOR WEAVING." A communication
from abroad by Pierri Joseph Vitrant, of Paris, France.
This Invention refers to a new apparatus in connection with looms for weaving,
which is free from the inconveniences in those at present in use.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in which the Invention is
carried into effect.
Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section, and Figure 2 is a plan of apparatus
constructed according to this Invention.
The vertical shaft E is driven by the bevil gearing U, a crank drives the lever I
by means of the connecting rod D; the vertical shaft W on which the lever I is
keyed carries at its upper part another lever H. This lever communicates its
motion to the rocking shafts X by means of the connecting rod C, which is arti-
culated in order to compensate for the vertical and horizontal displacement of the
pieces composing the apparatus. The rock shaft X by means of the connecting
rods A and B gives a to-and-fro movement to the blades Q and Q₁; these blades are
jointed at one end to the joints 2 and 21, and the other ends are driven by the said
levers A and B. A certain number of hooks M, M, varying from two to any desired
number, according to the design to be woven, are mounted on the frane L of the
apparatus; these hooks M may be raised by the lever V, and this lever V is itself
displaced by the cards which are mounted on the card barrel R; if a pin or a
projection on the cards comes against the lever V, the lever V is displaced, and
raises the hook which corresponds to it, or according to whether the hook is up or
down it is taken by one or other of the blades Q, Q; if it is down it is the blade Q
which draws it, and then by means of cords and rollers S the heddle or heald rises;
if on the contrary the hook is raised it is the blade Q which displaces the hook
and the heddle falls. The dead point is the moment when the blades Q and Q' are
farthest from one another, then the hooks are brought in the same line. The card

page_text: barrel R is driven by the bevil wheels F' and G. The wheel F is loose on the shaft
of the card barrel, and it is kept in gear by the ring J; a washer I keyed on the
axis of the barrel carries four paul teeth, and a spring 3 in the wheel F regulates
the revolution of the barrel. This arrangement is shewn detached at Figure 3. To
roverso the action give the small fly wheel a quarter of a revolution.
Some of the advantages in connection with the Invention are as follows:-
First. Tho cylinder is actuated by means of gearing which prevents it from
getting out of order.
Second. The motion or withdrawal is accomplished by means of ratchets.
Third. The blades receiving such motion that the shed remains open for a longer
time then in armature in use.
Fourth. The armature is made to swing, that is to say, that the blades which are.
not made to raise are lowered.
Fifth. It has a dead point for a certain part of its motion; all the blades are level,
which is important.
Sixth. The opening of the blades may be varied at will.
Seventh. The mechanism being applied on the side of the frame the fabric cannot
be soiled by it.
Eighth. It is horizontal and low in such manner that it is secured without having
recourse to any special fixings, and it is easily worked or seen.
Ninth. All the parts are very light, which constitutes economy of strength and
repairs.
Tenth. It may replace with advantage the excentrics of ordinary construction
as, for example, for weaving light linen by reason of the security and economy of
its application.
Eleventh. The card barrel and cards being placed above the mechanism the
design or pattern may be made of any desired length without any inconvenience,
the space being all free.
Twelfth. The blades being actuated either at the top or at the bottom weights
and springs are dispensed with, constituting a very great economy in the motive
power.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
tho samo is to be performed, I declaro that I claim the improvements in or con-
nected with looms for weaving, substantially in the manner described and illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings, together with any mero modifications
thereof..
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
E. G. BREWER. (L.S.)