Improvements in Machinery for "Raising" the Surfaces of Textile Fabrics.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left. 7th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Feb.,
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for "Raising" the Surfaces of Textile
Fabrics.
I JOHN DANIA TOMLINSON of the Firm of James Tomlinson, of the Soho
Iron Works, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
My said invention relates to apparatus for raising a nap upon textile fabrics
as is now well understood.
In certain raising machines at present in use, the raising rollers are arranged
in a circle or so called "cylinder" and these rollers receive rotary motion, the
speed of which can be variably differentiated from the speed of the fabric passing
through the machine, these differential velocities being known and determinable.
It is to this class of apparatus that my invention is applicable. To obtain the
aforesaid differential and determinable velocities of the raising rollers in existing
machines, the rollers have been driven by their pullies being embraced by a belt
common to all, which belt also passes partly around a pulley carried on a counter-
shaft. As the cylindrical arrangement or series of raising rollers is caused to
revolve, the pullies of the rollers roll on the embracing belt, and thus by frictional
contact the raising rollers are revolved. To vary the speeds, the said embracing
belt is caused to move by rotating the pulley and countershaft, and thus while
the speed of the fabric remains the same, the speed of the raising rollers can be
increased or diminished. The speed of the countershaft is altered by the well
known device of shifting a belt on stepped cones mounted on the central and
on an auxiliary shaft, which latter communicates by gearing with the countershaft.
The object of my invention is to simplify this arrangement by doing away with
the said stepped cones, auxiliary shaft, gearing and countershaft, and substituting
therefor a simple arrangement which I will now describe.
Upon the end of the axis of each raising roller I place a graduated or stepped
cone and preferably a grooved cone such as is used for rope or band driving.
I then take a band and fasten one end securely to a fixed part of the frame.
The band is then passed around or partly around the circle or cylinder represented
by the raising cylinder pullies, and the other end is secured to the eye of an
adjusting screw or other tightening means. The result of this arrangement will be
that when the cylinder of raising rollers is revolved, the pullies by their frictional
contact with the embracing band will roll thereon and thus rotate the raising
cylinders.
To obtain the different speeds, all that is necessary is to shift the band from
one step or groove in the pullies to another and the required determinable and
lifferential speed is at once obtained. It will be noted that under my inven-
ion the embracing band receives no motion at all and the differential and
leterminable speeds are obtained solely by moving the band from one groove or
tep in the raising roller pullies to another. The circumlocutive arrangement
xisting in present machines is thus obviated and the apparatus greatly simplified.
Dated the 5th day of April 1894.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for "Raising" the Surfaces of Textile
Fabrics.
I JOHN DANIA TOMLINSON of the Firm of James Tomlinson, of the Soho
Iron Works, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawings:
--
My said invention relates to apparatus for raising a nap upon textile fabrics as
is now well understood.
In certain raising machines at present in use, the raising rollers are arranged in
a circle or so called " cylinder" and these rollers receive rotary motion, the speed
of which can be variably differentiated from the speed of the fabric passing
through the machine, these differential velocities being known and determinable.
It is to this class of apparatus that my invention is applicable. To obtain the
aforesaid differential and determinable velocities of the raising rollers in existing
machines, the rollers have been driven by their pullies being embraced by a belt
common to all, which belt also passes partly around a pulley carried on a counter-
shaft. As the cylindrical arrangement or series of raising rollers is caused to
revolve, the pullies of the rollers roll on the embracing belt, and thus by frictional
contact the raising rollers are revolved. To vary the speeds, the said embracing
belt is caused to move by rotating the pulley and countershaft, and thus while the
speed of the fabric remains the same the speed of the raising rollers can be
increased or diminished. The speed of the countershaft is altered by the well
known device of shifting a belt on stepped cones mounted on the central and on an
auxiliary shaft, which latter communicates by gearing with the countershaft.
The object of my invention is to simplify this arrangement by doing away with
the said stepped cones, auxiliary shaft, gearing and countershaft, and substituting
therefor a simple arrangement which I will now describe.
Upon the end of the axis of each raising roller I place a graduated or stepped
cone and preferably a grooved cone such as is used for rope or band driving.
I then take a band and fasten one cud securely to a fixed part of the frame.
The band is then passed around or partly around the circle or cylinder represented
by the raising cylinder pullies, and the other end is secured to the eye of an
adjusting screw or other tightening means. The result of this arrangement will be
that when the cylinder of raising rollers is revolved, the pullies by their frictional
contact with the embracing band will roll thereon and thus rotate the raising
cylinders.
To obtain the different speeds, all that is necessary is to shift the band from one
step or groove in the pullies to another and the required determinable and
differential speed is at once obtained. It will be noted that under my invention
the embracing band receives no motion at all and the differential and determinable
speeds are obtained solely by moving the band from one groove or step in the
raising roller pullies to another. The circumlocutive arrangement existing in
present machines is thus obviated and the apparatus greatly simplified.
The annexed two sheets of drawing will render plain the construction and
arrangement of my improved raising apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a separate view of a portion of the end of the revolving ring carrier
which carries the raising rollers.
Fig. 3 is an elevation of the apparatus at right angles to Fig. 1 and showing the
delivery end.

page_text: The framing of the machine is marked a. The side frames or bends a¹ carry the
rollers which guide the cloth c in its passage over the raising rollers. The
raising rollers are marked d d and they are mounted and revolved in the ring
carrier e which is carried by the main shaft of the machine. Upon each end of
the axle of each raising roller & there is fixed a stepped grooved cone g, and upon
each end of the axle of each raising roller d' there is fixed a stepped grooved
pulley g. As the raising rollers d d' are pitched too closely together to allow the
cone pullies y g' to lie in the same circumferential plane, I arrange the said cone
pullies alternately on each side of the ring carriers e as appears most plainly from
Fig. 3 of the drawings. Thus all of the cone pullies y are arranged outside of the
ring carriers and all of the cone pullies gl are arranged inside of the ring carriers.
I have endeavoured to express this in Fig. 1 by horizontally lining the cone
pullies which lie behind the cone pullies in the said fig. In conjunction with
this arrangement of grooved cone pullies I use bands at each end of the ring
carrier e. Referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that one end of the band / for
example is firmly secured at i to the side frame a. 'The band is then passed over
and around the ring of cone pullies occupying the first, second, third, fourth or
fifth groove, as the case may be, in the pullies. The other end of the band is
passed around the segment and secured at to the inner end of a sliding worm
rack which slides in a groove as apparent from Figs. 1 and 3, the said rack,
gearing with a worm on the end of a spindle / provided with a hand wheel m. By
turning this hand wheel and spindle, the rack is slid so as to tighten or slacken
the band at the pleasure of the operator. The remaining three bands are
similarly mounted and operated. It will now be apparent that when the main
shaft of the machine is rotated by the agency of the fast and loose pullies m', m'
(thereby rotating the ring carrier e) the stepped cone pullies are carried
round in frictional contact with the bands hand as the bands do not move,
the cone pullies must and do revolve, operating upon the travelling cloth c in the
usual manner. I can adjust the surface speed of the raising rollers d a' so as to be
equal to or less or greater than the surface speed of the cloth c and these fixed and
determinable speeds are obtained by shifting the bands into those grooves in
the cone pullies g gl which will give me the desired speed. To provide for this
lateral shifting and to bring the points of attachment and adjustment always
opposite to the grooves containing the bands, the fixed attachment of the baud
is constituted by a stud i (see Fig. 3) long enough to take in the depth of
both the cone y and the cone g'. This provides a fixed attachment for both the
band and the band h. In shifting the band from one groove to another, the eye
of the band is simply slipped along the stud until it rests opposite to the groove
occupied by the band. Similar projecting studs p p are carried by the worm
racks k, the studs being long enough to cover the depth of the opposite ring of
cones only. Therefore in changing the bands from groove to groove, the eyes
attached to the studs p p¹ can be slipped along the said studs so as to come opposite
to the required grooves. It may be pointed out that by the double arrangement
of cones and bands described I could make one half of the raising cylinders revolve
at one speed and the remainder at another speed if such differences of speed should
be found to be of advantage in treating the cloth.
The action of these raising machines is so well known that it is scarcely necessary
to describe this.
As
The cloth is passed in the direction of the arrows through the machine and
is guided and passed over the guiding and tightening rollers and means shown, or
over such guiding and tightening means as may be found to be necessary.
it is delivered, the cloth is folded by the swing folder y in the ordinary manner.
The raising rollers which are covered with card clothing or other suitable raising
means, are rotated in the same direction as the traverse of the cloth and have
their speeds determined by the position of the bands in the grooves of the cone
pullies 9 9 the relative speeds corresponding to the different grooves being known.
g

page_text: It will be evident that stepped cones adapted to receive belts might be used
instead of the grooved cones and bands herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
1. As means for imparting known and determinable differential velocities to the
raising rollers of cloth raising machines, the stepped cones g g' fixed to the axes of
the raising rollers, in combination with fixed adjustable bands or belts h h' adapted
to be readily shifted from one set of grooves to another so as to alter the speeds of
the raising rollers in fixed and determinable ratios, substantially as described and
as shown.
2. In a raising machine of the indicated nature, the raising rollers d d¹ having
their axes furnished with stepped grooved cone pullies 9 g¹ in conjunction with
bands, said bands having one end attached to fixed studs which admit of
lateral adjustment of the bands and the other end secured to suitable tightening
means, such as studs carried by sliding racks operated by worms, so as to admit of
the bands being tightened or slackened at will and in accordance with the position
of the grooves in which the bands have been placed to secure the desired speeds of
raising rollers, substantially as described and as shown.
Dated this 5th day of January 1895.
E. K. DUTTON & Co.,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester, Agents.