matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN BELT CLASPS OR FASTENERS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPÉCIFICATION left by John Henry Brierley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd.
January 1864.
I, JOHN HENRY BRIERLEY, of Beech Hill Mills, Halifax, and 58, Alderman-
bury, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said. Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BELT CLASPS OR FASTENERS," to be as follows:-
I stamp or emboss, by means of a die, a plate of metal of suitable design,.
then cut away or pierce out such portions of this plate of metal as may seem
most desirable for the purpose intended. I then cut out another plate of
metal formed of such shape as will be best fitted for laying behind the first-
mentioned plate of metal. I form out of this second plate of metal one or
more hooks, as may be best adapted to the purpose. I pierce one or more
holes through both plates of metal, taking care that the holes be of the same
size in each plate, and so arranged that the 2nd or back plate of metal will fit
exactly into the plate of metal first mentioned and described, when the two
plates of metal are connected together by means of an eyelet passed through
the holes just mentioned. Having prepared the first and second, or front and
back plates of metal as above described, I make or cut out a piece of leather
or any material suitable for a belt, to one end of the belt I attach a catch
suitable to connect with the one or more hooks previously formed on the 2nd
or back plate, as described previously; at the other or opposite end of the
belt to which I have attached the catch I pierce one or more holes, according
to the number I have previously cut in the front and back plates of metal.
I

page_text: then place the front plate upon the front side of the belt, and the back plate
upon the back side of the belt, and passing the eyelet or eyelets before men-
tioned through the hole. or holes in the front plate of metal belt & back
plate of metal. I secure the two plates of metal to the belt, portions of the
front plate of metal having previously been cut away in the manner before
described. Thus the color of the belt shews up through the front plate at the
parts cut away, and the plato of metal appears as though inlaid with the
material of which the belt is made. The two plates of metal thus become the
fastener or clasp by which the belt is secured when worn round the person.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE STOVES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Prockter at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd August
1864.
I, WILLIAM PROCKTER, of Southgate Street, Launceston, Cornwall, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE
STOVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing and heating portable stoves in the
following manner:-The body of the stove I form cylindrical (by preference)
of any desired size; the top or cover and bottom are perforated for the inlet
of cold air and outlet of heated air, the top being fitted with a ventilator
to regulate same; a few inches below the top rim of the stove brackets are
rivetted to the body of the stove, and are employed to support a moveable flat
plate of metal having a hole through the centre thereof, over which a kettle,
food warmer, or radiating fire-ball of clay is intended to be placed.
The mode of heating this stove is by a lamp burning paraffine oil. The
vessel containing the oil is sunk down and supported by the foot of the stove,
which is perforated to admit a free current of cold air to circulate all round
same. To prevent the oil becoming too hot an ornamental glass door is fitted
near the bottom of the stove, which can be removed to admit the lamp afore-
said, said lamp resting on a perforated rim of metal inside the stove.
In using the above stove by night, or when heat is more desired than light,
propose to adapt a metalic chimney to the stove, said chimney having a

page_text: piece of mica fixed to an opening therein, by which the flame of the lamp may
be seen and regulated as desired. For large size stoves of the above con-
struction I propose to place a hot-air chamber on the before-mentioned
brackets in the stove, or I use a hot-air tube leading to the top of the stove,
and branching off to the perforated sides thereof.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GASALIERS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Raphoel Cafferata at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
September 1864.
I, JOSEPH RAPHOEL CAFFERATA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GASALIERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a certain mechanical arrangement to prevent
accidents through the sudden falling down of the gasalier through the breaking
of the balance chains from rottenness or other causes. I have a frame,
herein-after termed the "catch-frame," which may be made of brass, iron, or
other suitable metal, the same being perforated with a hole of the same
diameter as the inner tube, and fastened by screws or rivets, or otherwise
securely attached to the cup-shaped top of the outer tube, to which the balance
chains are usually attached. The said "catch-frame" contains a hollow slit,
within which are two clips or catches, one at each side of the inner pipe,
made of brass, iron, or other suitable metal, which are continually pressed
towards each other, and so grasp or hold the inner gas pipe by means of two
steel springs, the said springs being retained in their places within the hollow
slit of the "catch-frame" by means of their elasticity. The said catches
project a little beyond the outside edge of the "catch-frame," and are in this
projecting portion furnished with a slit, in which works an oval or elliptical
wheel, berein-after termed the "lever-wheel," which said "lever-wheel" may
be-made of brass, iron, or other suitable metal, and attached by a pivot, or

page_text: axle to the outside edge of the aforesaid "catch-frame" in such a manner as
to be able to turn freely in either direction. Near one end of the transverse
axis of the said "lever-wheel" is attached a chain, which on being pulled
causes the aforesaid "lever-wheel" to partially revolve, and in so doing press
back the above-named clips or catches, and so release the inner tube, and
permit the gasalier to descend when it may be necessary to lower it. The
said chain, which must be of the same length as the gasalier, should be made
to pass through a small pipe, so as not to come in contact with the water,
which is usual in sliding gasaliers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR Locks
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur John Adams at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th September
1864.
- I, ARTHUR JOHN ADAMS, of Fore Street, Devonport, in the County of Devon,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DOOR
Locks," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in door locks. For these
purposes the bolt of a lock turns on an axis, and when permitted to do so acts
by its gravity in such manner as to protrude beyond the case and keep the
door closed. The bolt is arranged to be acted on by turning a handle or by
a slide. The outer end of the bolt when desired may be made with an
inclined face or surface, so that the door may be closed and retained on the
latch as when using an ordinary latch bolt. In order to lock the bolt and
retain it from being moved back by the rotating or sliding handles, slides or
tumblers are used, which by their own gravity tend at all times to remain in
the lowest or locked position; but when the bolt is to be used as a latch bolt,
these slides or tumblers are retained up by a gravitating catch, which takes
into a notch formed in each of the slides or tumblers. The tumblers or slides
are capable of being lifted correctly into position by a suitable key, so that the
gravitating catch may take into the notches and uphold all the slides or
tumblers, and thus permit the bolt to be acted on by the handles. The key
is arranged in steps as in ordinary tumbler locks. The slides or tumblers of

page_text: this lock will not admit of the gravitating catch taking into the notches of the
slides or tumblers unless the true- key is used. If any one or more of the
slides or tumblers be raised too little or too much by reason of a false key.
being used, the bolt will not be at liberty to be moved back by the handles.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REEPING, FURLING, AND SETTING SAILS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Smallwood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th July
1864.
I, WILLIAM SMALLWOOD, of Whitby, in the County of York, Ship Smith,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR REEPING, FURLING, AND SETTING SAILS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to simplify the arrangement of parts for
reefing and furling sails from the decks of vessels by doing away with the
reefing chains now commonly used, and also the blocks over and through
which such chains lead. To the topsail yard I attach a roller, to which the
sail is lashed; this roller is free to turn in bracket bearings carried by the
topsail yard in order to reef or unreef or furl the sail, and at its ends the roller
is fitted with chain pullies, or its ends may be shaped like a barrel to receive
winding chains for the purpose that will be presently explained. Upon the
topsail yard I also mount a shaft which is free to turn in suitable brackets;
this shaft at or near the middle of its length is fitted with a barrel round
which a double halliard or tie is wound, and the ends are then carried up to
sheaves at the mast head, and then brought down to the deck and secured as
usual; by means of this double halliard the topsail yard is raised and
lowered, and by slackening one end and drawing upon the other rotary motion
is communicated to the barrel on the shaft. The ends of the shaft are fitted
with chain wheels or barrels, and if chain wheels are used endless chains con-
nect these chain wheels with the wheels on the roller to which the sail is

page_text: lashed. The rotary motion imparted to the shaft through the halliards will,
therefore, be transmitted to the roller, and the rotation of this roller will effect
the reefing or unreefing of the sail as desired. When barrels are used at the
ends of the shaft lengths of chain equal to the length of sail to be furled are
to be provided. The chains are wound the one on to the barrel on the shaft
and the other to the barrel-shaped portion of the roller, and their ends are
secured respectively to the barrels and roller ends.
By the above arrangement I avoid the chafing of the top gallant sail and
rigging caused by the use of the reefing chains. I would, however, remark
that the improved arrangement necessitates the top gallant sheet leading
through clamps on the after part of the top sail yard arm on its way to the
block at the quarter of the yard.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTINGUISHING FIRES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Brothers at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th October
1864.
I, CHARLES BROTHERS, of Leamington, in the County of Warwick, Plumber,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EXTINGUISHING FIRES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel arrangement of apparatus for distributing
water over buildings or to parts of buildings when the same are on fire. To
this end I arrange a series of water-supply pipes around or about the ceilings
of the various apartments of a house or other building, which water-supply
pipes may,
if desired, constitute the cornice or members of the cornice, or the
centre flower or other like ornamentation of the ceiling of an apartment.
These pipes I pierce with holes, or fit with jets, so arranged as to direct water
to all parts of the floor. The distributing pipes of each apartment I connect
to separate mains which lead outside the house, and which are severally con-
nected with the street main or other source of supply. These mains I fit
with stop-cocks outside the building, and also with bib-cocks for withdrawing
the water from the supply pipes after being used.
pipes after being used. Suppose now a fire to be:
discovered in any one building fitted according to my Invention, say, in an
apartment which we will call No. 3, the supply cock of the corresponding.
main pipe marked No. 3 may be turned on from the street, and water will be-
immediately discharged into that apartment without access being required.
thereto, or even to the building. In like manner any other apartment may

page_text: simultaneously have water discharged into it, and when the fire is extinguished
the supply-cocks are to be turned off, and the bib-cocks opened to discharge
the water still remaining in the pipes. By this arrangement not only is the
means always at hand for throwing water into a building on fire, whether
access can be gained to the interior or not, but no damage from frost, corro-
sion, or leakage can arise as would be the case were the supply water retained
in the pipes belonging to the building.
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CONNECTING JACQUARD CARDS TOGETHER
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
April 1864. A communication from abroad by Bénoit Guilbert Dutel,
of St. Quentin (Aisne), in the Empire of France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CONNECTING JACQUARD CARDS
TOGETHER," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to lace or connect together with strings or
cords worked by mechanical means the perforated cards used in jacquard
weaving. This is effected by means of two threads or cords, which are
interlaced one with the other so as to produce a fast knot. In carrying
out the Invention the perforated cards are placed in regular and proper
succession upon a rotating frame composed of a shaft, on which is mounted
any suitable number of discs provided with pins or studs, whereby the card
may be held steady while being operated upon. The cards are held down on
the discs by thin steel blades or fingers until they are properly secured
together, when they will as the operation proceeds escape in succession from
under the holding fingers, and will be lifted off the pins or studs of the discs
by other fingers or arms, which are made to pass under them for that purpose.
The laces, threads, or cords to be used for connecting the cards together are
mounted on two bobbins or sets of bobbins, one being above and the other
below the cards. The cords from the lower set of bobbins pass through the

page_text: eyes of needles, which by means of an excentric motion are pushed up
through the lacing holes in the cards. When the needles begin to retire they
produce a loop, the formation of which is further facilitated by means of a set
of horizontal points, which are thrust forward at the right moment to open
the loops. The upper bobbins are then pushed through these loops by means
of forked levers, and when the threads are drawn tight the upper bobbins are
carried back again to their original position. The cylinder or discs which
support the cards then make a forward motion, and bring another set of holes
under the operation of the lacing needles, and so on until all the cards are
connected together.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CANS FOR LUBRICATING PURPOSES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Kaye at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th February
1864.
I, JOSEPH KAYE, of Kirkstall, in the Parish of Leeds, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CANS FOR LUBRICATING PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to effect a considerable saving of oil when
lubricating spindles or other machinery. I attain this end by affixing a piece
of brass or other suitable alloy or metal within an oil can, which may be of
ordinary external shape at that part to which the spout or stem is usually
attached, such piece of brass, alloy, or metal having a hole cast or drilled
through it in the same line of direction as the hole of the spout, forming a
continuation as it were of the same, and communicating with the oil in the
At an angle with this hole I cast or drill another hole intersecting the
former; this latter hole is screwed internally and receives a male screw on
the end of a spindle which passes, by preference, in an oblique direction
through the oil can or cover; a suitable head being attached to this end of the
spindle an increased or diminished supply of oil, as required, is allowed (by
adjusting the afore-named male screw) to pass into the spout. The extreme
or discharge end of the spout I make very small to enable it to penetrate into
minute grease or oil holes, or into grease or oil holes filled with foreign
matters compensating for the diminished supply obtained through the reduced

page_text: orifice by cutting or forming a groove or slot in the stem or spout a short
distance from the end thereof, such groove or slot furnishing the requisite
supply of oil in the event of the grease or foreign matter before alluded to
filling up the orifice at the end of the spout.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR EXCLUDING DUST, WIND, AND MOISTURE FROM WINDOWS, DOORS, AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Walter Browne at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
February 1864.
J, JAMES WALTER BROWNE, of the City and State of New York, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MEANS FOR EXCLUDING DUST, WIND, AND MOISTURE FROM WINDOWS,
DOORS, AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS, to be as follows:-
I make use of a strip or strips of india-rubber, felt, or other elastic material
confined against the part of the door or window by means of nails or screws,
and a strip of metal, wood, or similar material. The yielding edge of such
elastic material projects sufficiently to be slightly compressed by the surface
with which it comes in contact. These strips of material cover up the crack or
opening between any parts of a building, such as between the door and door
jamb or case, between the sash and the window frame, between the two sashes,
between the door and sill, or in any other place where it is desired to exclude
wind, dust, or moisture. The strip of elastic material is thus applied in the
angle formed at the junction of a stationary and moving part, and closes any
opening that might admit wind, moisture, or dust, and it is preferable that the
edge of the elastic strip should come in contact with the moving part of the
door or window while the side of the strip is supported and secured by the strip
of metal or other rigid material to the stationary portion of the door, window,

page_text: or other portion of a building. This elastic strip being brought into close
contact with the respective surfaces effectually excludes the elements, at the
same time the movement of the parts is not obstructed, because the yielding
edge of said elastic strip accommodates itself to any inequalities in the surface
of the parts.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF VICE
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
April 1864. A communication from abroad by Anson Stephens, of the
City and State of New York, United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF VICE," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to obtain by a simple arrangement a paralle!
vice which will admit of being made to grip firmly and quickly the work or
article to be operated upon. To this end a box is made which may be termed
the "stock" of the vice, the upper part forming the permanent or fixed jaw.
In the ends of this box openings or slots are made to allow a straight
rectangular ratchet bar to pass through. This bar carries at one end the
moveable or adjustable jaw, the shank of which has a horizontal projection on
each side to serve as a handle for moving the ratchet bar and jaw backwards
or forwards as required. In order to keep the ratchet bar and jaw in position
when the vice is in use, a toggle, also a short bar with rounded ends, and a
piece which has on its edge ratchet teeth to fit into the teeth on the ratchet
bar are employed, the whole being put in motion by a lever or handle, which
has a cam-like projection on the end that is pivotted to the stock of the vice.
In the toggle and ratchet piece semicircular sockets are formed, and into
these sockets fit the rounded ends of the short bar, on the opposite sides of

page_text: which are projections or stops which lie between hook projections on the
toggle and the ratchet piece, and prevent the toggle from being moved outward
or backward beyond a certain distance. The ratchet piece turns on pivots
fixed in the stock of the vice. In the under side of the toggle is a small
projecting piece, against which, when the lever or handle is moved sideways,
the cam is made to bear, and thus pushes the toggle, which by means of the
short bar forces the ratchet piece against the ratchet bar, and thus presses the
latter against the stock of the vice, thereby holding it firmly in position. The
lever or handle has a hook projection, which fits into a socket in the toggle,
so that when the vice is desired to be opened this hook projection will by
means of the toggle and short bar draw back the ratchet piece clear of the
ratchet bar. It will be seen that by this simple means the article or work to
be grasped and held may be quickly adjusted in the vice, and also quickly
removed from it.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CROSS CUT AND OTHER SAWS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Rooper, of 26, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in
the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CROSS CUT AND OTHER SAWS."-A communication from abroad
by Robert William Standly, of Grafton Haldimand, N. D., Canada
West
Sealed the 6th June 1865, and dated the 12th December 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Rooper at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
December 1864.
I, GEORGE ROOPER, of 26, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CROSS CUT AND OTHER SAWS," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to saws generally, but more particularly to saws
employed for cutting wood or other material, the dust or separated fragments
of which are apt to impede and clog the saw when of the ordinary construction,
and the improvements consist in providing spaces or receptacles between the
cutting teeth into which the sawdust is received, and blunt teetb, which I
denominate clearing teeth, alternately placed with respect to the cutting teeth.
By the foregoing arrangement the sawdust is collected in the spaces between

page_text: the teeth, and moved or carried out of the saw kerf by the alternating or other
movement of the saw; by this means the friction of the saw is greatly lessened
and the clogging of the cutting teeth avoided; less labour is therefore required
to work the improved saws than those of the ordinary construction heretofore
used for similar purposes.
AN IMPROVED CAP OR STOPPER FOR SODA WATER AND OTHER BOTTLES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Lane at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th November
1864.
I, FRANCIS LANE, of Wrotham Rectory, Sevenoaks, in the County of Kent,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CAP OR
STOPPER FOR SODA WATER AND OTHER BOTTLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved cap or stopper for closing the mouth
of soda water and other bottles in place of the corks ordinarily employed for
such purpose.
In carrying out my said Invention I construct the upper part of the neck
of the bottle of a cylindrical form without any rim, and I cast or form thereon
near the upper edge two projections or knobs (one at each side) opposite to
each other, and I form (either in glass or metal) a cap which fits over the
mouth of the bottle and is furnished with two bayonet slots or grooves, (also
in opposite sides), so that when the cap is placed over the neck of the bottle
the projections above-named shall enter the said slots, and upon the cap being
turned partially round it will become firmly fixed on to the mouth of the bottle,
and can only be removed therefrom by turning it partially in the reverse
direction.

page_text: In order to make a perfectly air-tight and water-tight joint it is advisable
to make the bayonet slots slightly inclined, so that the cap is necessarily forced
home as it is turned, and also to line the interior of the sides or top of the cap
(or both the sides and the top) with thin cork, india-rubber, or other elastic
substance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING BUTTONS AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS FOR APPAREL
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Horace Charles at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th April
1864.
I, HORACE CHARLES, of Sydney Terrace, in the County of Surry, Linguist,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MAKING BUTTONS AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS FOR APPAREL," to be as
follows:-
I make fastenings for buttons, studs, or brooches with a probe in the shank,
which probe turns upon a centre and forms a bar when passed through a
fabric and turned.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HOLDING AND REGULATING THE CORDS OR BANDS OF WINDOW BLINDS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Montague at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th November
1864.
I, ROBERT MONTAGUE, of No. 12, Cowley Street, Westminster, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HOLDING AND REGULATING THE CORDS OR
BANDS OF WINDOW BLINDS," to be as follows:-
In ordinary bracket slides, such as are in use at the present time, the
tension on the cord is maintained by adjusting the pulley, which is furnished
with a spring at the back, so arranged as to catch in notches or grooves made
for that purpose on the bracket.
In my improved apparatus I dispense with the necessity of employing
either springs or grooves, which in the old system were constantly getting out
of order, and in addition would only bear a certain amount of regulation
should the cord have become slack from the action of the atmosphere or other
causes, the only remedy for which was a readjustment of the cord.
These imperfections are obviated in my apparatus in the following
manner: The pulley I employ is similar to the ordinary one, but minus
the spring at the back, and mounted on a slide of the same metal as the
pulley; just below this, and on the same slide, is fixed a metal piece or
pin furnished with a head of suitable proportions, in order to retain an india-
rubber ring, which is passed over it and connects the pulley with a small
adjusting screw, also mounted on a slide, and it is by means of this screw

page_text: that the tension on the cord or band of the window blind is regulated, aided
by the india-rubber ring; for instance, supposing the cord or band to be
adjusted to the blind, and passed over the sliding pulley of the bracket, by
drawing down the slide bearing the screw, the india-rubber ring is acted on,
and becomes elongated according to the amount of pressure to which the
screw slide is subjected, thus producing a tension on the cord or band of the
blind, which may be regulated at will, and maintained by turning the screw,
and thus fixing it.
From the nature of the india-rubber forming the ring it is liable to no
variations of elasticity, and it will be observed that as the blind cord stretches
either from continued use, the changes of atmosphere, or other causes, the
india-rubber ring by expanding or contracting perfectly compensates for the
changes of length, thus obviating any necessity for alterations after once
fixing the bracket.
In lieu of the sliding adjusting screw, I can make use of a metal pin or
piece similar to that already described, and fixed to the bottom of the bracket ;,
round this pin and between the pulley the india-rubber ring may be placed.
AN APPARATUS OR TOOL FOR HOLDING BITS AND OTHER METAL PARTS OP HARNESS AND SADDLERY WHILE BEING CLEANED AND POLISHED
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th April 1864.-A communication from abroad by Julien Caillard,
of Paris, France.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN APPARATUS OR TOOL FOR HOLDING BITS AND OTHER METAL PARTS
OP HARNESS AND SADDLERY WHILE BEING CLEANED AND POLISHED," to be as
follows:-
Hitherto the cleaning and polishing of bits and other metal work of harness
and saddlery have been attended with difficulties arising from there not baving
been any tool or apparatus for giving the necessary hold or support to those
articles while being cleaned and polished. These difficulties disappear by the
use of the holder which constitutes the present Invention, and which renders
the work to be performed both simple and easy. The holder consists of a
base plate or stand, which can be fixed to a wall stand or elsewhere, and
which carries at one end a pair of simple pinching jaws, one fixed and the
other movable upon a hinge, the latter capable of being brought near to and
removed from the former by means of a thumbscrew. At the other end of
the stand there is a double clip with two fixed and two movable jaws, the
distance between them being also adjustable by means of screws, and one clip
is free to move towards the other to suit the various articles to be cleaned.
AN IM- PROVED MECHANISM FOR PRODUCING A CONTINUOUS ROTATORY MOTION
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Colombe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th September
1864.
I, LOUIS COLOMBE, of Paris, in the Department of the Seine, France,
Householder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED MECHANISM FOR PRODUCING A CONTINUOUS ROTATORY MOTION," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in certain appliances for causing a wheel to revolve by
the action of weights or counterbalances adjusted and acting on the same
spindle which carries the wheel, pulley, or such like. To effect this I make
use of a series of curved channels or tubes, which commence at or near the
axis of the spindle, and which are gradually extended or enlarged until they
approach the outer edge or circumference of the wheel. At the end of the
tube or channel, and close to the spindle, I form a chamber which is opened
or closed by a valve or flap, which is acted on by the motion of the wheel.
Within these tubes or channels I place two circular weights or counterbalances,
which I introduce by means of an aperture in the tube, closed by a plate or
otherwise as convenient. One of these balls or circular weights is retained
by means of the flap or valve within the chamber before mentioned, whilst
the other being further from the axis of the wheel gives motion to it; when
the wheel has revolved as far as this weight will carry it, the flap or valve
drops and sets free the ball or weight within the chamber, which in its turn
acts on the wheel in the same manner as the first one. Supposing a series of

page_text: curved tubes or channels to be on the same axle or spindle with two circular
weights in each, their extremities being arranged at equal distances along the
periphery of the wheel, they are so arranged that three of the weights or
balances are placed to the 'left of the vertical line, whilst the remainder are
passing the axis of the wheel, though at different distances from each other.
AN. IMPROVEMENT IN LADIES' WAIST BUCKLES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Brierley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
October 1864.
I, JOHN HENRY BRIERLEY, of Breech Hill Mills, Halifax, in the County
of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN.
IMPROVEMENT IN LADIES' WAIST BUCKLES," to be as follows:-
Hitherto, in the manufacture of ladies' waist belts when worn with buckle
having one or more prongs, it has been customary to stitch one end of the
fabric of which the belt is made to the center bar to which the prongs are
attached or to some other portion of the buckle, so that in order to attach it
to the body it has been requisite to thread the other end through the buckle,
and push the prongs through the material, and thus secure the belt to the
person.
My improvement consists of the following:-To the moveable bar, to which,
the prongs are attached, I solder or form one, two, or more metal loops; I
then form of metal what is termed by the trade a catch having one, two,. or
more hooks so placed that they can at pleasure be attached to the metal loops.
above-mentioned. I then stitch the metal catch to one end of the belt and
point at the other; I then thread the point through the buckle and.
put the prongs through the material in the usual way at such distance from.
the end of the belt that the belt will fit the wearer. To secure the belt to

page_text: the person I pass the hooks through the metal loops previously mentioned,
and can thus secure the belt to or release the belt from the person without
damaging the material of which the belt is made, as the buckle hitherto in
use must of necessity do..
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ELEVATING OR LIFTING SHOT OR SHELL TO, THE FIGHTING DECK OF VESSELS, OR IN BATTERIES OF WAR
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir Francis Blackwood at the Office-
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th December.
1864.
I, Sir FRANCIS BLACKWOOD, Baronet, of H.M. Royal Navy, of Southsea, in
the County of Hants, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ELEVATING OR LIFTING SHOT OR SHELL TO,
THE FIGHTING DECK OF VESSELS, OR IN BATTERIES OF WAR," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new or improved apparatus, by the use of which
shot or shell may be rapidly and easily lifted from below to the fighting deck
of vessels, or elevated as desired in batteries of war or fortifications, thus
obviating the necessity of a number of men being employed in carrying heavy
projectiles from one elevation to another as is at present the case.
I propose to fix a foundation or bed plate in the lower part of the vessel,
on which two standards are set, these support in bearings a shaft which
carries a driving wheel, having projections on its periphery for the purpose of
actuating an endless chain for driving a similar pulley wheel set in bearings.
on the fighting deck; at suitable distances apart the endless chain is provided
with arms or brackets for the purpose of supporting a series of metal recep-.
tacles or elevators, which are connected thereto by a hinge or pin joint set in
a projection at the bottom of each elevator, below the front or mouth of the
elevators protruding grooves or slots for the purpose of bearing on to upright
guides extending to the fighting deck, and meeting in a semicircle at the base.
of the apparatus.

page_text: The apparatus somewhat resembles the well-known dredging machine with
lifting buckets, and its operation is as follows:-A cranked handle is attached
to each end of the shaft for manual labor, or a fast and loose pulley for steam
power, when by turning the shaft in the proper direction the buckets or
elevators will successively be brought into position for the insertion of a pro-
jectile, which is then carried up the guide to the upper deck, and the joint at the
base of the bucket being out of the centre and nearer the chain, it will follow
that when the elevator reaches the top of the guide and is released from its
influence it will be tilted outwards and the projectile will fall into the manger
ready for use. The empty bucket will then pass over the upper pulley and
tilt back to the requisite position for traversing the downward guide rod.
To lessen friction I propose to insert in the grooves of the buckets a
small roller. This apparatus may likewise be used in batteries and
fortifications.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNING AND BUTTER-MAKING MACHINES
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Bradford at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th March.
1864.
I, THOMAS BRADFORD, of the Cathedral Steps, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, and 63, Fleet Street, London, Washing Machine Manufacturer,,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CHURNING AND BUTTER-MAKING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in an improved combination of tin, copper, or
zinc, with wood veneer of suitable thickness in the manufacture of churns, the
periphery of which is elliptical or circular in shape, and as more especially
applicable to my Invention for which I obtained Provisional Protection, dated
January 25, 1864, No. 211, by which the milk and butter in the process of
churning are freed from contact with any metallic substance, and a minimum
lightness with a maximum strength obtained, as shewn, in the construction of
the vessel herein-after described.
Second, in an improved construction of lid for the more effectual prevention,
of escape of air or milk during the churning process, and more especially in.
its application to churns having a revolving motion, which lid consists of a.
wood or metallic cover with flange, having a groove immediately under. it,
and of a smaller diameter than the part of such cover that is inserted into the
aperture, in which groove I extend and close in an india-rubber washer of
suitable diameter. Upon the larger or upper flange I attach a cross bar of
lance or other wood or metal, the ends of which projecting over the flange are

page_text: secured by wood or metal set screws secured to the vessel with one or more
sides of its head parallel with the shank, so that with a square or other shaped
cover not circular (which can be turned round) it can be released from
pressure for removal by either a turn or half a turn of such set screw.
Third, in improved arrangements by which the process of separating the
butter from the buttermilk after churning, and also the salting and preparing
it for the table or market, is accomplished.
These improvements consist, first, of a square or other suitably shaped
trough or vessel of wood, or earthenware, or other suitable material, in which I
propose to secure one or more levers connected with an inclined board, which
I call a piston or ram, and which when actuated by the levers compresses the
butter in such a manner as to cause it by reason of the bevilled face of the
said piston or ram to change its position at each stroke, and to receive in
every part an equal amount of kneading pressure. To the piston (which I
propose to raise upon a platform) I also attach and connect a second lever
handle to work independently or conjointly with the larger lever, and by
which the butter can be kneaded into a serrated horizontal cake for salting; I
also propose to attach to the piston or ram butter prints or bowls, by which
specified quantities and shapes can be compressed, measured, and printed
with an ornamental design by the application of the afore-mentioned
pressure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRYING, COOLING, AND CLEANING GRAIN
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
March 1864. A communication from abroad by Henry Beach, Engineer,
of the City of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United States of
America.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 128, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR DRYING, COOLING, AND
CLEANING GRAIN," a communication to me from abroad by Henry Beach,
Engineer, of the City of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, United States
of America, to be as follows:-
For the purpose of drying grain I construct a rectangular upright box,
which I divide into a certain number of rectangular chambers situated one
above the other by means of horizontal boards or plates of such a size as to
leave a small longitudinal opening in each compartment, the said openings
being made to alternate from right to left, so that each alternate compartment
will be provided with an opening formed on the right-hand corner of its
upper surface, and on the left-hand corner of its under surface. And I
subdivide each of these rectangular cells into two triangular chambers by
means of a perforated plate running from the upper opening to the lower.
These perforated plates alternating from right to left and from left to right
in each succeeding compartment, present a series of inclined planes for the
passage of the grain, which is introduced at the top of the apparatus. And

page_text: in order to dry the grain during its fall through this machine, I introduce a
current of hot air into each of the lower triangular chambers, which air being
forced through the grain descending on the inclined perforated plates enters
the upper triangular chambers charged with the moisture abstracted from
the grain, and from thence escapes through holes made for that purpose in
the sides of the said chambers. In order if requisite to increase the current
of air leaving the apparatus, I propose to make use of any appropriate
apparatus acting by suction.
For cooling grain after it has been dried, I make use of a similar apparatus
fed by a cold blast of air instead of a hot blast.
For the purpose of cleaning grain I make use of a blast of air supplied by
an ordinary fan, and conducted into a box provided with a series of longi-
tudinal openings placed in an inclined direction one over the other. And the
grain which is fed from above passes successively before each of the said
openings, and in its passage the blast of air blows off all impurities and
foreign matter of less gravity than the grain. And in order that such matter
be effectually conducted away from the grain opposite to each of the said
openings I erect a conduit or passage rising upwards, through which the
impurities and foreign matter are expelled into a spout common to all.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER WHEELS, PADDLES FOR PROPELLING VESSELS, WATER PUMPS, AND CHURNS
Year: 1864

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Reid at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th October
1864.
I, JAMES REID, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Provision and General
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER WHEELS, PADDLES FOR PROPELLING VESSELS,
WATER PUMPS, AND CHURNS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use of a closed cylinder or drum attached to
and rotating with a central axis or shaft, round the periphery of which are
placed a number of buckets or blades moving on hinges, and attached at their
outer extremities to links or arms connecting them with circular discs by
which their motions are regulated; these circular discs move round eccentric
drums rigidly fixed. This Invention may be applied to the propulsion of
machinery and steam ships and other vessels, to the pumping of water, to the
churning of milk, and to like purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA- RATUS FOR HEATING WATER BY MEANS OF WASTE STEAM
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Brodie, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew,
North Britain, Brewer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS FOR HEATING WATER BY MEANS OF WASTE STEAM."
Sealed the 8th September 1864, and dated the 9th March 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Brodie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th March 1864.
I, DAVID BRODIE, of Paisley, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS POR HEATING WATER BY MEANS OF WASTE STEAM," to be as follows,
that is to say:-
This Invention has for object the heating of water in an economical manner
by means of steam, which would otherwise be allowed to blow away waste-
fully; and the improvements are such as, in the case of the waste steam being
from a high-pressure engine, to avoid any appreciable back pressure.
In a modification of apparatus embodying the improvements, the waste
steam used is admitted into one side of a chamber or vessel, which is of a
rectangular or other convenient form, and which is fitted with a vertical or
inclined diaphragm pierced with numerous holes. The water to be heated is
first passed through tubes arranged on that side of the perforated diaphragm

page_text: at which the steam enters, and is then made to run down the surface of the
diaphragm. The steam blowing through the diaphragm throws the water
towards the further side of the chamber and towards a series of inclined
shelves down which the water runs, and is as it were projected off their edges
into the steam again; the steam becomes condensed and the water heated,
the products passing off by a pipe from the bottom of the chamber. The
chamber is fitted with a pair of valves, one opening inwardly to admit air, and
the other opening outwardly whenever the internal pressure exceeds a pre-
determined amount to which the valve is loaded, and which need not be at
all large.