A NEW MACHINE OR INSTRUMENTS FOR DRYING MALT WITH COAL, OR OTHER THE MOST GROSS AND SMOAKING FUELL, WITHOUT COMMU- NICATING ANY ILLTASTE OR FLAVOUR WHATEVER TO THE MALT, AND AT A SAVING OF NEAR THREE FOURTHS OF THE USUAL EXPENCE, WHICH WOULD BE OF PUBLICK UTILITY, AND BY MEANS WHEREOF A GREATER CONSUMPTION OF MALT WOULD BE LIKELY TO ARISE, TO THE INCREASE OF THE REVENUE
Year: 1769

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
WILLDAY, of Atherston, in the County of Warwick, Hat Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS I, the said Samuel Willday, did, by my Petition, humbly
represent to His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
that I had, with much study and application, and by various experiments,
discovered and invented "A NEW MACHINE OR INSTRUMENTS FOR DRYING MALT
WITH COAL, OR OTHER THE MOST GROSS AND SMOAKING FUELL, WITHOUT COMMU-
NICATING ANY ILLTASTE OR FLAVOUR WHATEVER TO THE MALT, AND AT A SAVING
OF NEAR THREE FOURTHS OF THE USUAL EXPENCE, WHICH WOULD BE OF PUBLICK
UTILITY, AND BY MEANS WHEREOF A GREATER CONSUMPTION OF MALT WOULD BE
LIKELY TO ARISE, TO THE INCREASE OF THE REVENUE," wherefore, and in regard
I was the first sole original Inventor of the aforesaid machine, that the same
is entirely a new Invention, and in bringing of which to perfection I had been
at considerable expence, I therefore prayed His said Majesty to grant unto
me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His Royal Letters Patent for
the sole making and vending the said machine or instruments within that part
of His said Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Domi-
nion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, for the term of fourteen
years, agreeable to the Statute in that behalfe; His said Majesty, being willing
to give encouragement to all arts and inventions which might be for the

page_text: publick good, was graciously pleased to condescend to my request, and
therefore, by His Royal Letters Patent, bearing date at Westminster, the
Twenty-first day of February, in the ninth year of His reign, of His especial
grace, certain knowledge, and meer motion, for Himself, His heirs and suc-
cessors, did give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Willday, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole priviledge
and authority, that I, the said Samuel Willday, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and every of us, by myself and themselves, or by mine and their
deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said Samuel
Willday, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree.
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thenafter during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exer-
cise, and vend my said Invention within that said part of His Majesty's
said Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me, the said Samuel
Willday, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or any of us, should in our
discretions seem meet; and that I, the said Samuel Willday, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the
whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage from time to time coming,
growing, accrewing, and arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during
the term of years therein mentioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said
licence, powers, priviledges, and advantages therein-before granted or mentioned
to be granted unto me, the said Samuel Willday, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, for and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years
from the date of the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and
fully to be compleat and ended, according to the Statute in such case made
and provided; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that if I,
the said Samuel Willday, should not particularly describe and ascertain the
naturo of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the
same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
four calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void,
anything therein-before contained to the contrary in anywise notwithstanding,
as in and by the said Letters Patent (relation being thereunto had) may
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Willday, in compliance with
the said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said

page_text: Invention, and declare that the same is to be performed in manner following
(that is to say):-
The principal part of this Invention consists in screening the fire when first
lighted, which is done in various ways and by various means, according to the
size and situation of the kiln. The screens may be made of every kind of
metal, at the discretion of the malster. This part of the work being done,
and the fire now burnt clear, the screens are drawed off and the tunnel that
conveys away the smoke stopped; the whole of the heat and remaining sulphur
are conveyed through the malt, at which time the utmost care is always taken
to throw in so much fresh air above the fire to temper the heat as will prevent
scorching, which not only prevents scorching, but adds exceedingly to the
drying by flying away the steam. When the fire is sufficiently burnt down
a new one is made, and the direction as above must be repeated, viz, the fire
screened and the tunnel opened, which are done in an instant by the assistance
of iron rods properly placed for that purpose. The whole is performed upon
the ground floor of the kiln (except a chimney), which is varied according to
situation and conveniency. The only difference between this improved method
and the modern method is, that we coke our coal, &c., in the malt kiln which
is drying the malt at the same time by heating the screens; on the contrary,
they coke their coals in the fields under turff, &c., or in any oven, at which
time the whole of the heat is wasted in the air, and four times the quantity of
coal to answer the same end. The straw and wood, and all other smoking
fuel, treated in the same manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Willday, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand seven hundred and sixty-nine, and in the ninth year of the
reign of our said Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of
God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, and so forth.
caled and delivered (being first duly
stampt) in the presence of
JN° MASON,
SAMUEL WILLDAY. (L.S.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that the Tenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and sixty-nine, the aforesaid Samuel
Willday came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and
specified, in form above written. And also the said Instrument was stampt
according to the tenor of the Statute made in the sixth year of the reign
of the late King and Queen William and Mary of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the Fourteenth day of June, in the year last above written.