Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1886.
Complete Left, 27th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 29th July, 1887.
We, JOHN MARSH DAY, WILLIAM ROBERT GREEN and HENRY CLAUDE WALKER all
of the Newington Iron Works, Falmouth Rd. London S.E., Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in machinery for packing tea and other
substances, and has for its object the production of neat packets in a rapid and
economical manner.
In the form in which we preferably construct our apparatus the various packing
appliances are arranged on a table below which is a shaft carrying the cams or other
mechanism for producing the various motions. The tea or other substance to be
packed is put into funnels the lower portions of which correspond to the internal size
of the package. Casings are provided of an internal size corresponding to the exterior
of package and having projections at their lower ends fitting into grooves on the table
of the machine, or some other suitable arrangement to prevent the lifting of the
casing when in position beneath the plunger.
To set up the different motions we preferably use cams as they offer facilities for
producing the various intermittent actions with periods of rest giving great facility
for the introduction and removal of funnels and casings whilst keeping the shaft
uniformly rotating, but any other mechanism giving similar movements could be
substituted such as for instance a combination of levers.
In a simple form of our apparatus there are three sets of motions; one to operate
the plunger which presses the substance into the casings, another to operate the
funnels, and a third to operate a stop motion which facilitates the placing of the
casings in their proper position beneath the plunger.
The plunger is carried by a crosshead with or without an adjustable motion for
varying the distance of plunger from bottom of casing at end of stroke when it is
necessary to alter the size of package. This crosshead receives an intermittent vertical,
motion and is suitably guided.
The funnel when in position rests on supports conveniently arranged for the placing
and withdrawing of the funnel and having also an intermittent vertical motion.

page_text: The stop or stops may be of any suitable shape and receive a motion which
withdraws and replaces it or them at the necessary time.
The mode of operation is as follows:-
The paper or other material forming the wrapper is wrapped round the lower portion
of the funnel and closed at the end, and the funnel with wrapper placed in the casing.
The tea or other substance having being weighed by an automatic machine or by hand
is placed in the funnel and the whole put on the table of machine and moved forward
into the guides as far as stop will allow. The funnel also is by this movement placed
on to its supports. The plunger then descends, pressing the substance into the lower
portion of the funnel and keeping it there whilst the supports carrying funnel rise,
lifting it clear of the package. The plunger then rises clear of the funnel which may
be removed, and the stop moves clear of the casing allowing the latter, within which
is the package, to be withdrawn. In some cases the plunger does not rise high
enough to allow of the funnel being removed, it then is allowed to descend into its
normal position clear of the plunger and may then be removed and the above actions
repeated. The open end of the package is closed and the package withdrawn from
the casing.
In other forms of our apparatus the operations of placing the casing in its position
beneath the plunger and of withdrawing it and also the funnel are performed either
wholly or in part automatically. We provide arms or other suitable appliances which
engage with the casing when placed on the table and draw it into its right position
beneath the plunger. We also in some cases give the arms or corresponding
appliances a reverse movement to withdraw the casing after packing, or continue the
prior movements when it is advisable to deliver the packed casing at the other side of
table. We provide also secondary supports automatically placed under the funnel,
and upon which the funnel rests when lowered after having been withdrawn from the
casing these secondary supports are then moved automatically, delivering the funnel
clear of the plunger etc.
Dated the and J... ntahan 100

page_text: Improvements in Machines for Packing Tea and the like.
We JOHN MARSH DAY, WILLIAM ROBERT GREEN and HENRY CLAUDE WALKER
all of the Newington Iron Works Falmouth Road London S.E. Engineers do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention relates to machinery for packing tea and other substances.
In the form in which we preferably construct our apparatus the various packing
appliances are arranged on a table below which is a shaft carrying the cams or other
mechanism. We preferably use cams to set up the different motions as they offer
facilities for producing the various intermittent actions with periods of rest necessary
for the easy introduction and removal of funnels and casings whilst keeping the shaft
uniformly rotating but we may use instead of the cams any other mechanism which
would give similar movements such as for instance a combination of levers.
In a simple form of our apparatus there are three sets of motions, one to operate
the plunger which presses the substance into its casing another to operate the funnel
and a third to operate a stop or gauge which facilitates the placing of the casings in.
their proper position beneath the plunger.
The plunger is carried by a crosshead either with or without an adjustable motion
for varying the distance of plunger from bottom of casing at end of stroke when
necessary to alter the size of packet. This crosshead receives an intermittent vertical
motion and is suitably guided. The funnel when in position rests on supports
conveniently arranged for the easy placing and withdrawing of the funnel and having
also an intermittent vertical motion. The stop or stops may be of any convenient
shape and receive a motion which withdraws and replaces them at the necessary time.
In other forms of our apparatus the operations of placing the casing in its position
beneath the plunger and of withdrawing it and also the funnel are performed either
wholly or in part automatically. We provide arms or other suitable appliances which
engage with the casing when placed on the table and draw or push it into its right
position beneath the plunger. We also in some cases give the arms or other
appliances a reverse movement to withdraw the casing after packing or continue the
prior movement when it is advisable to deliver the packet casing on the other side of
table. We provide also in some cases secondary supports capable of being placed
under the funnel and upon which the funnel rests when lowered after having been
withdrawn from the casing these secondary supports then receive a motion and deliver
the funnel clear of the plunger.
The accompanying drawings shew the manner in which we preferably construct
our apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation and Fig. 2 a sectional frent elevation of the
packing machine. Fig. 3 shews the plunger and funnel in various positions during
the operation of packing. Fig. 4 shews the cams with cam rollers in various

page_text: positions. Fig. 5 shews the form in which we preferably construct the automatic
feeding apparatus and Fig. 6 is an alternative arrangement of automatic feeding
apparatus.
In these different views the same letters indicate the same parts.
Figs. 1 and 2 are different views of the same machine. A is the cam shaft which
carries the four cams for producing the various intermittent motions. It receives
motion from the uniformly-rotating driving shaft B by means of pinion 6 and spur
wheel a and runs loose in suitable bearings a¹ a¹ attached to the main frame E of the
macbine.
Cis the cam for operating the plunger c. It works against the cam roller c¹ pivotted
to the crosshead which is constrained to move in a vertical plane by guides c
attached to main frame E. The motion of crosshead c³ is communicated to crosshead c
by two side rods which pass through guides e at top of frame and are provided
with nuts c by means of which the position of plunger c may be adjusted.
D are weights connected by ropes d passing over sheaves d' to the crosshead c.
They are made heavy enough to overcome the weight and friction of crossheads side
rods etc. so as to keep the roller c against the face of cam C at all parts of its
revolution.
E is the main frame of the machine carrying all the necessary parts and boxed in
back and front.
F are the duplicate cams for operating the funnel supports f. They work against
the rollers pivotted to a sliding frame which is constrained to move in a vertical
plane by guides fattached to main frame E. The funnel supports fare made T shaped
at the top and pass through guides e¹ at top of frame they are screwed at the bottom
and provided with nuts by means of which their position may be adjusted.
:
G is the cam for releasing the stop g which is kept in position by spring g' acting
through lever g³ and connecting rod 9 and withdrawn at the proper time by the
projection 9 on cam G.
Hare guides on the table of the machine to assist in the placing in position of
casing hand also to prevent its rising when funnel and plunger are withdrawn.
Fig. 3 shews the position of plunger casing and funnel during various parts of the
operation. Dia. 1. shews the charged casing placed in position on the table of
machine. Dia 2 shews the position of descending plunger at the time that supports f
are beginning to rise. Dia shews the position of rising funnel when plunger first
reaches the bottom of its stroke. Dia 4. shews the funnel at the top of its stroke the
plunger still being in its lowest position. Dia. 5. shews the position of descending
funnel at the time when plunger has risen sufficiently high to admit of the ready
withdrawal of the packed casing. Dia. 6. shews the plunger and funnel in same
position as in Dia 1.
h is the moveable casing sliding in the guides H and containing the cover h¹ of
packet. Several of these casings and funnels are necessary with each machine to
obviate delay in carrying out the operation. They are made preferably of hard wood
and may be of any size or of various sizes to produce different sizes of packets. The
plunger is made preferably of hard wood and detachable so that others may be
substituted when required. The funnels are preferably made of stout tinplate of
convenient size to suit the casings and have lugs which rest on the funnel
supports f.
Fig. 4. shews the cam C and F with their rollers in various positions. The cam C
and roller c¹ are indicated by full lines and the cams F and rollers f¹ by broken lines
the figures thereon having reference to the diagrams 1 to 6 fig. 3.
We will now proceed to describe the mode of operation of the machine as shewn in
figs. 1 and 2 reference being had for the sake of illustration to the diagrams in fig. 3.
A packet cover closed at one end is placed on the lower portion of funnel and the
material or substance to be packed put into it. The funnel is then placed in a casing
on the table of machine and inserted in the guides. When plunger etc. are in the
position shewn in Dia. 1. the charged casing is moved forward as far as stop g' will
allow. The funnel is now directly under the plunger which then descends but before

page_text: it reaches the material or substance in the casing the funnel supports begin to rise so
as to support the funnel this stage of the operation being shewn in Dia. 2. The
funnel continues to rise as the plunger descends but at a slower speed so that the
plunger reaches its lowest position and presses firmly the material or substance into its
cover before the lower end of funnel quite withdrawn from the casing as shewn in
Dia. 3. The plunger continues to press on the material whilst the funnel is completely
withdrawn so as to ensure a packet of the required density and the operation reaches
the stage indicated by Dia. 4. The plunger now rises and the funnel falls and as
soon as the plunger is clear as shewn in Dia 5. the casing is withdrawn from the
machine the projection g' on cam & having withdrawn the stop to allow of this.
The plunger continues to rise and the funnel to fall until they at the same time reach
their original positions as shewn in Dia. 6. when the funnel is removed and a charged
casing put in its place the stop having been released by the cam and brought back
again to its normal position by the spring. When the packed casing is withdrawn
the open end of cover is closed in the ordinary manner and the complete packet
withdrawn from the casing.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew the methods by which we preferably carry out the feeding
automatically. In fig. 5. the casings are fed in at the front of machine and delivered
at the back this allows of very rapid working but requires more attendance than the
one shewn in fig. 6. which delivers the casings at the front.
I is the cam for operating the feed levers J and K. It is fixed on the shaft A
between cams C and F.
Jis a lever pivotted at j' to a bracket fixed to the main frame of machine. It has
a roller j pivotted at its lower end to engage with the projection on cam I and a slot
at its upper end to engage with a pin on the sliding block L. A spring ³ is
provided to keep the lever in its normal position.
The block L slides in a groove in the table of machine. It has pivotted to it a catch /
kept up in the position shewn by a spring P. A buffer is provided to take off the
jar when block is brought back suddenly by spring.
K is a lever pivotted at k¹ to the bracket fixed to the main frame of machine.
It has a roller k pivotted at its lower end to engage with the projection on cam I
and near its upper end a link k³ to connect it to block M. The upper end of lever
serves as a stop to regulate the position of casing h under the plunger. A spring k*
is provided to keep the lever in its normal position.
The block M slides in a groove m¹ in table of machine. It has pivotted to it a
catch m kept up in the position shewn by spring m². A buffer m³ is provided to take
off the jar when block is brought back suddenly by spring k*.
The action of the arrangement shewn in fig. 5 is as follows:-The levers J and K
are shewn in their normal position and the position of cam I is the one it takes when
the plunger etc. are in a position midway between those indicated in Dias. 4 and 5
figs. 3 and 4.
A charged casing is placed on the table of machine and pushed forward into the
guides H pressing back the catch until its outer side passes this catch which then
flies back into its normal position. The cam I in the course of its revolution canses
the block M to withdraw the packed casing already in the machine by means of the
catch m the end k of the lever which served as a stop retiring below the level of table
to allow the casing to pass over it. The casing is now removed from the table by
hand. When the cam releases the lever K it flies back under the influence of spring k*
into its normal position ready to receive another casing. When the plunger and
funnel are in the position indicated in Dia. 6. the cam I comes into contact with lever J
and feeds the charged casing into the centre pressing back the catch m until its
outer side passes this catch which then flies back into its normal position and the
casing is held by catch m and end k of lever whilst the plunger packs the material
therein.
Fig. 6. shews an alternative arrangement of automatic feed.
N is the cam for operating the feed lever O. O is a lever pivotted at o' to a
Tall
niwatted at its lowAR

page_text: end to engage with projection n on cam N and at its upper end a link o³ to connect
it to block P. A spring of is provided to keep the lever in its normal position.
The block P slides in a groove p¹ in table of machine and has a projection p which
serves as a gauge to determine the exact position of casing on block. An elastic
buffer p is provided to take off any jar that may be caused by spring o*.
The action of the arrangement shewn in fig. 6. is as follows: The levers O and
cam N are shewn in the position they take when the plunger is in the position shewn
in Dia. 2 and the casing is ready for the plunger. The projection n on cam N keeps
the block P in the position shewn until the plunger etc. reach the position shewn in
Dia. 5 when it passes the roller o on lever 0 allowing the spring to withdraw the
packed casing which is then removed from block P and a fresh one substituted ready
to be fed in when plunger etc. reach the position shewn in Dia. 1.
The forms of automatic feeding apparatus shewn in figs. 5 and 6 are those in which
we preferably construct our apparatus but we do not bind ourselves to use either of
these arrangements we might for instance instead of placing the casings on the table
of the machine as shewn place them on a secondary table caused to revolve by suitable
mechanisir. so as to continually bring fresh casings under the plunger and to remove
them when packed. We have not shewn any special appliance for taking away the
empty funnel in the arrangement shewn in fig. 5 but in some cases we fit them in
the manner hereintofore described instead of causing the following funnel to push
the empty one off as in fig. 5.
Having now particularly ascertained and described our invention and in what
manner it has to be performed we wish it to be particularly understood that we do
not bind ourselves to the exact details here illustrated and described but we do declare
that what we claim is :-
:-
1. The general construction of a machine for packing tea or other similar articles
substantially as shewn in figs. 1 and 2 and hereintofore described either with or without
the automatic feed.
2. The employment of cams or their equivalent to obtain the two intermittent
motions from a uniformly revolving shaft, one set of motions withdrawing the funnel
from the package and the other operating the packing plunger in such a manner that
the plunger after pressing the material to the required density holds down the package
whilst the funnel is withdrawn substantially as shewn in fig. 3.
3. In combination with the packing machine an automatic feed in which the casing
is fed under the plunger and taken away after the operation substantially as
hereintofore described.
DIL OIL 1
T
1005