Improvements in the Manufacture of Metallic Oxides and Compounds.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1893-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by HERMANN THOFEHRN, of 11, Rue Bosio, Paris,
France, Engineer.]
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metallic Oxides and
Compounds.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 78, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for the manufacture of
metallic oxides or salts by bringing molten metal into intimate contact with a blast,
or jets, of steam, gas, air water or acids under pressure, the said blast, or jets,
being heated to a proper temperature. The contact of the molten metal, which
may be caused to flow in the form of a thin sheet, or of a jet, with the oxidizing
fluid traversing it under pressure, pulverizes the metal into little drops or particles
of a size depending upon the result to be attained, said drops or particles being
thus entirely bathed or drowned in the oxidizing atmosphere. By this process, no
particle of the metal can escape the action of the reagent employed.
The apparatus employed for carrying out the process may consist of a crucible,
or ordinary melting furnace, provided with means for allowing the molten metal to
flow therefrom in the form of a thin liquid sheet or jet, and with a tuyere, or other
suitable means, for enabling the oxidizing fluid to be forced or projected through
the molten metal flowing from the crucible or furnace. The molten metal, as it is
pulverized, may be directed through an opening into a store chamber wherein it
can accumulate, and from whence it can be removed for further treatment, as
required.
The pulverization will be more or less complete according to the strength or
intensity of the fluid blast or jets, and the resulting metal can be obtained in a
powder, or in grains of a fair size, according to the regulation of the pressure of
the blast or jets.
The chemical action takes place by the intimate contact of the molecules of the
metal with the fluid, and the oxides or the salts are thereby produced.
It will be evident that oxides may be obtained combined with chlorine, or other
chemical products, according to the constitution of the blast or jets.
Dated this 20th dor of Mo 1902
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metallic Oxides and
Compounds.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 78 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to.say :-
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for the manufacture of metallic
oxides or salts, and consists in bringing the molten metal into intimate contact with

page_text: a blast, or jets, of steam, gas, air, water, or acids, under pressure, the said 'blasts or
jets being heated to a proper temperature. The contact of the molten metal,
which may be caused to flow in the form of a thin sheet, or in that of a jet, with
the oxidizing fluid traversing it under pressure, pulverizes or sprays the metal into
little drops or particles of a size depending upon the result to be attained, such 5
drops or particles being thus entirely bathed or drowned in an oxidizing atmosphere.
By this process, no particle of the metal can escape the action of the reagent
employed.
The apparatus for carrying out the process consists of a crucible or ordinary.
melting furnace (forming no part of the invention) and of an arrangement for 1
allowing the molten metal to flow therefrom in the form of a thin liquid sheet, or
jet, together with a tuyere, or the like, for enabling the oxidizing fluid to be
forced or projected through the molten metal flowing from the crucible or furnace.
And in order that the invention may be readily understood, I will describe the
same fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same numerals 1
of reference indicate similar parts.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section of an arrangement for carrying out the
invention, and
Fig. 2 shows a similar arrangement with a detailed modification.
Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, show modifications of certain of the parts.
2
The metal having been melted in a furnace or crucible 1, flows into an inclined
shoot or gutter 3, the lowest portion of which forms a pocket 4. As shown in the
drawings, this shoot or gutter is furnished with a lining 5, as is usual in
metallurgical operations, to protect the metal. The portion forming the pocket 4
is perforated so as to communicate with a channel or tube 6 conveying the oxidizing 2
fluid under pressure. A valve 7 enables the flow of the fluid to be regulated or
interrupted according to requirements.
The oxidizing fluid enters under pressure through the valve 7 and tube 6,
traverses the orifices in the pocket 4, and on leaving these orifices meets with
the molten metal and pulverizes or sprays it by driving it away as shown by the
arrow 8.
The pulverization, or bringing the metal into the form of spray, is more or less
complete according to the intensity of the fluid blast or jets; the metal can be
obtained in powder, or in fair sized grains, according as the pressure of the blast or.
jets is more or less strong.
During the driving away of the molten metal, chemical action is produced by the
intimate contact of the molecules of the metal and the fluid, the oxides or salts are
formed, and may be projected by the pressure of the gaseous current into a storing
chamber 10, from which they can afterwards be taken for further treatment.
By altering the composition of the blasts or jets, oxides may be obtained combined
with chlorine, or other chemical products.
In the slightly modified arrangement shewn by Fig. 2, the fluid blast is projected
through a tuyere 9 having a round or flattened orifice, and is regulated, as before,
by a valve 7, the said blast meeting the molten metal which simply flows from the
melting furnace or crucible. The fall of the molten metal is arrested by the fluid
blast, acting under pressure, and the pulverization, or forming into spray, is effected
as in the previous case.
According to the requirements of each application, the discharge of the fluid
blast is regulated in such a manner as to obtain a more or less complete chemical
reaction, which will be in inverse ratio to the size of the metallic grains formed by
the jet or blast.
Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 show modified arrangements of the tuyers. In Figs. 3 and
the gaseous current is projected on to the surface of the molten metal through a
more or less inclined single tuyer. In Figs. 5 and 6 there are three rows of
tuyers some of which, placed in the same vertical plane, lead the gaseous current
into the mass itself of the molten metal, while the two other rows direct the jet or
blast perpendicularly to the first ones onto the surface of the liquid metal.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The hereindescribed process for the manufacture of metallic oxides, consisting
in the intimate intermingling or mixing of the molten metal and of the fluid, (liquid
or gas), the said fluid being caused to act upon a thin stream or thin sheet of the
molten metal so as to pulverize or bring this latter into the form of spray during
the reaction, substantially as set forth.
2. The hereindescribed process for the manufacture of metallic oxides, whereby
the same can be obtained combined with chlorine, or other chemical products
according to the composition of the fluid blast employed for pulverizing or bringing
the metallic flow into spray, as set forth.
Dated this 31st day of October 1893.

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1893-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL OF ECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by HERMANN THOFEHRN, of 11, Rue Bosio, Paris,
France, Engineer.]
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metallic Oxides and
Compounds.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 78, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for the manufacture of
metallic oxides or salts by bringing molten metal into intimate contact with a blast,
or jets, of steam, gas, air water or acids under pressure, the said blast, or jets,
being heated to a proper temperature. The contact of the molten metal, which
may be caused to flow in the form of a thin sheet, or of a jet, with the oxidizing
fluid traversing it under pressure, pulverizes the metal into little drops or particles
of a size depending upon the result to be attained; said drops or particles being
thus entirely bathed or drowned in the oxidizing atmosphere. By this process, no
particle of the metal can escape the action of the reagent employed.
The apparatus employed for carrying out the process may consist of a crucible,
or ordinary melting furnace, provided with means for allowing the molten metal to
flow therefrom in the form of a thin liquid sheet or jet, and with a tuyere, or other
suitable means, for enabling the oxidizing fluid to be forced or projected through
the molten metal flowing from the crucible or furnace. The molten metal, as it is
pulverized, may be directed through an opening into a store chamber wherein it
can accumulate, and from whence it can be removed for further treatment, as
required.
The pulverization will be more or less complete according to the strength or
intensity of the fluid blast or jets, and the resulting metal can be obtained in .a
powder, or in grains of a fair size, according to the regulation of the pressure of
the blast or jets.
The chemical action takes place by the intimate contact of the molecules of the
metal with the fluid, and the oxides or the salts are thereby produced.
It will be evident that oxides may be obtained combined with chlorine, or other
chemical products, according to the constitution of the blast or jets.
l נו
DOLL 1.1. Long
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metallic Oxides and
Compounds.
I, ERNEST DE Pass, of 78 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the
accompanying drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
This invention relates to a process and apparatus for the manufacture of metallic
oxides or salts, and consists in bringing the molten metal into intimate contact with

page_text: a blast, or jets, of steam, gas, air, water, or acids, under pressure, the said blasts or
jets being heated to a proper temperature. The contact of the molten metal,
which may be caused to flow in the form of a thin sheet, or in that of a jet, with
the oxidizing fluid traversing it under pressure, pulverizes or sprays the metal into
little drops or particles of a size depending upon the result to be attained, such
drops or particles being thus entirely bathed or drowned in an oxidizing atmosphere.
By this process, no particle of the metal can escape the action of the reagent
employed.
The apparatus for carrying out the process consists of a crucible or ordinary
melting furnace (forming no part of the invention) and of an arrangement for
allowing the molten metal to flow therefrom in the form of a thin liquid sheet, or
jet, together with a tuyere, or the like, for enabling the oxidizing fluid to be
forced or projected through the molten metal flowing from the crucible or furnace.
And in order that the invention may be readily understood, I will describe the
same fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same numerals.
of reference indicate similar parts.
Fig. 1 is a transverse section of an arrangement for carrying out the
invention, and
Fig. 2 shows a similar arrangement with a detailed modification.
Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, show modifications of certain of the parts.
The metal having been melted in a furnace or crucible 1, flows into an inclined
shoot or gutter 3, the lowest portion of which forms a pocket 4. As shown in the
drawings, this shoot or gutter is furnished with a lining 5, as is usual in
metallurgical operations, to protect the metal. The portion forming the pocket 4
is perforated so as to communicate with a channel or tube 6 conveying the oxidizing
fluid under pressure. A valve 7 enables the flow of the fluid to be regulated or
interrupted according to requirements.
The oxidizing fluid enters under pressure through the valve 7 and tube 6,
traverses the orifices in the pocket 4, and on leaving these orifices meets with
the molten metal and pulverizes or sprays it by driving it away as shown by the
arrow 8.
The pulverization, or bringing the metal into the form of spray, is more or less
complete according to the intensity of the fluid blast or jets; the metal can be
obtained in powder, or in fair sized grains, according as the pressure of the blast or
jets is more or less strong.
During the driving away of the molten metal, chemical action is produced by the
intimate contact of the molecules of the metal and the fluid, the oxides or salts are
formed, and may be projected by the pressure of the gaseous current into a storing
chamber 10, from which they can afterwards be taken for further treatment.
By altering the composition of the blasts or jets, oxides may be obtained combined
with chlorine, or other chemical products.
In the slightly modified arrangement shewn by Fig. 2, the fluid blast is projected
through a tuyere 9 having a round or flattened orifice, and is regulated, as before,
by a valve 7, the said blast meeting the molten metal which simply flows from the
melting furnace or crucible. The fall of the molten metal is arrested by the fluid
blast, acting under pressure, and the pulverization, or forming into spray, is effected
as in the previous case.
According to the requirements of each application, the discharge of the fluid
blast is regulated in such a manner as to obtain a more or less complete chemical
reaction, which will be in inverse ratio to the size of the metallic grains formed by
the jet or blast.
Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 show modified arrangements of the tuyers. In Figs. 3 and 4
the gaseous current is projected on to the surface of the molten metal through a
more or less inclined single tuyer. In Figs. 5 and 6 there are three rows of
tuyers some of which, placed in the same vertical plane, lead the gaseous current
into the mass itself of the molten metal, while the two other rows direct the jet or
blast perpendicularly to the first ones onto the surface of the liquid metal.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The hereindescribed process for the manufacture of metallic oxides, consisting
in the intimate intermingling or mixing of the molten metal and of the fluid, (liquid
or gas), the said fluid being caused to act upon a thin stream or thin sheet of the
molten metal so as to pulverize or bring this latter into the form of spray during
the reaction, substantially as set forth.
2. The hereindescribed process for the manufacture of metallic oxides, whereby
the same can be obtained combined with chlorine, or other chemical products
according to the composition of the fluid blast employed for pulverizing or bringing
the metallic flow into spray, as set forth.
Dated this 31st day of October 1893.