IMPROVEMENTS on Sonny Rozme
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Baker, of Charles Street, Mortimer Street,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
on Sonny Rozme"
Sealed the 28th August 1868, and dated the 29th February 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Baker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th February 1868.
I, EDWIN BAKER, of Charles Street, Mortimer Street, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FORMATION AND APPLICATION OF SCREW BOLTS," to be
as follows:-
The first part of my Invention consists essentially in making the
head of a screw bolt eccentric to its pin, and in the application of a
collar of metal, wood, or other material with an eccentric hole over the
pin of the said bolt, and over this of an elastic collar or washer.
In fastening two plates together or applying this bolt, say, to boiler
plates, I pass the head and stem of the bolt (the stem covered with the

page_text: elastic collar), through the hole in the plates, and turn the bolt head
until the eccentric comes over the inner plate. I then by screwing
up the nut draw the two plates together, and thereby compressing the
elastic collar form a perfectly steam, air, and water tight joint. The
eccentric part of the bolt head is kept in the position in which it is
placed against the inner boiler plate (or any plate to which it is applied)
by holding the pin with any suitable tool, while the nut is drawing the
eccentric head to its proper bearing.
I may find it preferable to apply a concave ring or convex rim on
the metal washer to keep the elastic collar in its proper place.
The second part of my Invention consists in the application of an
elastic collar or washer to fix a bolt, the head of which is not eccentric.
In this case I form a circular groove or recess under the head of the
bolt to receive the edge of my elastic collar, using in the case of large
bolts a collar of metal or other material between the pin and the elastic
collar to fill up the hole, but usually only a washer with a flange or
recess over or in which comes the other opposite edge of the elastic collar.
When the bolt is inserted through the plates and the nut is screwed up
(the pin being held fixed as in the previous case) the elastic collar
driven up into the recess forms a flange, securing the bolt and making
a perfect joint. The elastic collar may be made of india-rubber or any
suitable elastic material.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edwin Baker in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th August 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
BAKER, of Charles Street, Mortimer Street, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
2
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of February, in the a
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edwin Baker, Her special licence,

page_text: that I, the said Edwin Baker, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Edwin Baker, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
FORMATION AND APPLICATION OF SCREW BOLTS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edwin Baker, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Baker, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and. ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawing
hereunto annexed and forming part of this my Specification, and to the
figures and letters of reference marked thereon, similar letters of reference
being placed upon and denoting similar parts in cach of the Figures
respectively :-
The object of my improvements in the formation and application of
screw bolts is to permit their ready and effectual employment in drawing
together and fastening two plates of metal or pieces of other material
which can only be approached on one side, for example, in repairing
boiler plates where the boiler cannot be entered and wherever riveting
cannot be effected.
The first part of my Invention consists essentially in making the head
of a screw bolt eccentric to its pin, and in the application of a collar of
metal, wood, or other material having an eccentric hole over the pin
of the said bolt, and over this of an elastic collar or washer, but in most
cases a perfectly steam-tight fastening may be made without the use of
this latter.
This, construction of screw bolt is illustrated Figs. 1 to 6 of the
Drawing. Fig. 1 shewing the bolt complete in its normal position with

page_text: collar and nut; Fig. 2, same fastening two plates; Fig. 3, bolt detached
from its collar; Fig. 4, plan of collar; Fig. 5, nut; and Fig. 6, plan of
bolt as fixed, shewing bolt head and collar..
a, bolt head; b, pin of bolt; c, collar with eccentric hole d; e, nut;
f, notch to indicate position of head of bolt when turned; g, g', plates,
fastened together by bolt. I have not deemed it necessary to show an
elastic collar here, as in most cases it will not be needed, and when used
will be applied in a similar manner to that herein-after described and
illustrated, Figs. 7 and 8.
In fastening two plates together as at Fig. 2, the head and stem or
collar of the bolt being in the position shewn Fig. 1, but the nut
loosened, I pass it through the plates g, g', I then turn the head a by its
pin b until the notch findicates that the head is. covering the inner plate
as at Fig. 2. I retain the head in this position by holding the pin with
any suitable tool, and screw up the nut until the eccentric head is drawn
to its proper bearing (see Fig. 2).
As previously observed an elastic collar may be placed over the
collar c to make it more completely fill the bolt hole, and the screwing
up of the nut will cause it to form an elastic washer both between head a
and plate g', and nut e and plate g, and I may find it desirable to apply
a concave ring or convex rim on the metal washer to keep the elastic
collar in its proper place.
The second part of my Invention consists in the application of an
elastic collar or washer (say, of caoutchouc) to fix a bolt, the head of
which is not eccentric. In this case I form a circular groove or recess
under the head of the bolt to receive the edge of the elastic collar,
using in the case of large bolts a collar of metal or other suitable material
between the pin of the bolt and the elastic collar to fill up the bolt
hole, but usually only a washer with a flange or recess; over or in which
comes the opposite edge of the elastic collar.
This arrangement is illustrated Figs. 7 to 13 of the Drawing. Fig. 7
shewing the bolt complete in its normal position with collar, washer,
and nut; Fig. 8, bolt, fastening two plates; Fig. 9, bolt detached;
Fig. 10, elastic collar detached; Fig. 11, washer; Fig. 12, nut; Fig. 13,
plan of bolt head and collar when fixed, and fastening two plates.
h, elastic collar; i, washer; j, cross cut in same; k, decreased diameter
of pin of bolt. In fastening two plates with this bolt as at Fig. 8, I take

page_text: the bolt as at Fig. 7, first loosening the nut, and pass it through the:
bolt hole in the plates g, g', Fig. 8, I then holding the pin b to keep it.
from turning screw up the nut c, and the elastic collar h being driven
up into the recess under the head a, shewn in dotted lines at Figs. 7
and 9, forms a flange securing the bolt against withdrawal, and making
a perfect joint. I prefer the cross cut j to a round hole in the washer i,
because by forcing the pin 6 through it in a contrary direction to that
in which it is finally put on the pin I can raise flanges (see j, Fig. 7),
which interpose between the screw thread of the pin and the elastic collar,
preventing any cutting of this latter by the screw. The decreased
diameter of the pin at k is for the better packing of the elastic collar,
but its use is optional.
Figs. 14 to 20 shew a modification of the above, an elastic ring land
non-elastic collar m being substituted in lieu of the elastic collar h, there
being no recess under the bolt head a.
Figs. 21 to 27 illustrate another modification of the same, the
expanding ring n shewn in plan, Fig. 24, being substituted in licu of
the ring or elastic collar h, and forming when the bolt is fixed flanges.
as shewn in plan, Fig. 27, and in elevation, Fig. 22. The tapering of
the top of the collar m (see Figs. 21 and 22) is for the purpose of opening
or forcing out the expanding ring n when the nut is screwed up. o, is a
washer, which may or may not be used at pleasure.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is carried into practical effect, I desire it
to be understood that I do not confine myself to the use of any special
elastic material for my elastic collars or rings, nor to any particular
metal or material for the various other parts of my improved bolts, nor
to any precise shape of such parts, they being all susceptible of modi-
fication to suit the circumstances of particular cases, and that I claim,—
Firstly. The exclusive use of a bolt with eccentric head, having a
collar with eccentric hole, and constructed and applied substantially as
herein set forth and illustrated, Figs. 1 to 6, of the accompanying Sheet
of Drawing, and whether with or without an elastic collar or washer.
Secondly, the exclusive use of bolts, drawing together and fastening
two plates or other pieces by means of a flange or flanges formed by the
compression of an elastic collar as indicated by h, or of rings as indi-
cated by the letters and n, and constructed and applied substantially

page_text: as nerem described and unustrated, Figs. 7 to. 27. of the accompanying
Sheet of Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Baker, have hereunto. set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
EDWIN BAKER. (L.S.)