Improvements in Chemical Fire Extinguishers.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd June, 1891-Accepted, 23rd Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Chemical Fire Extinguishers.
I, CHARLES MADISON MARTIN, of Westfield, New Jersey, in the United States
of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The invention has for its object improvements in that class of chemical fire
extinguishers in which a chemical compound inimical to fire is combined with water
and placed in a cylinder, which is, by an attached air pump, supplied with air under
considerable pressure to act as the motive power in forcing the compound out of the
cylinder.
According to my invention, I attach to the cylindér, a pressure gauge, to enable
the pressure within the cylinder to be ascertained at any moment.
The air pump consists of a barrel attached to the cylinder at a short distance
therefrom and a hollow piston rod provided with a self-acting valve to admit the
external air to the barrel on the ascent and to close against the air in the barrel on
the descent of the piston. The lower end of the pump barrel is also provided with
a spring valve to open on the descent of the piston and to close on its ascent; the
bottom support of the pump barrel is provided with a foot to stand on the ground
and thereby give a firm support when the cylinder is being charged with compressed
air. The pump barrel also serves as a handle by which the extinguisher can be
held and directed.
In addition to the above described ordinary air pump valves, I provide the
passage leading from the pump barrel to the cylinder, with a screw down check
valve, which can when required be screwed to its seat, so as to effectually prevent
the accidental escape of any liquid from the cylinder after the latter has been
charged with compressed air.
The discharge nozzle has a passage therethrough, which opens at its inner end
into a transverse passage communicating with the space in the nozzle fitting; the
inner end of the nozzle is formed with a valve to fit on to a seat formed within the
fitting, and the nozzle and nozzle fitting are screw threaded to enable the nozzle
valve to be screwed by means of a handle to or from its seat. The nozzle is
also screwed at its outer end to enable a test gauge to be applied thereto, for the
purpose of testing the accuracy of the gauge attached to the cylinder.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1890.
CHARLES MADISON MARTIN.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Chemical Fire Extinguishers.
I, CHARLES MADISON MARTIN, of Westfield, New Jersey, in the United States
of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
The invention has for its object improvements in that class of chemical fire
extinguishers in which a chemical compound inimical to fire is combined with water
and placed in a cylinder, which is, by an attached air pump, supplied with air

page_text: under considerable pressure to act as the motive power in forcing the compound out
of the cylinder.
According to my invention I attach to the cylinder, a pressure gauge, to enable
the pressure within the cylinder to be ascertained at any moment.
The air pump consists of a barrel attached to the cylinder at a short distance
therefrom and a hollow piston rod provided with a self acting valve to admit the
external air to the barrel on the ascent, and to close against the air in the barrel on
the descent, of the piston. The lower end of the pump barrel is also provided with
a spring valve to open on the descent of the piston and to close on its ascent; the
bottom support of the pump barrel is provided with a foot to stand on the ground
and thereby give a firm support when the cylinder is being charged with compressed
air. The pump barrel also serves as a handle by which the extinguisher can be
held and directed.
In addition to the above described ordinary air pump valves, I provide the
passage leading from the pump barrel to the cylinder, with a screw down check
valve, which can when required be screwed to its seat, so as to effectually prevent
the accidental escape o
of any liquid from the cylinder after the latter has been
charged with compressed air,
into
The discharge nozzle has a passage therethrough which opens at its inner end
o a transverse passage communicating with the space in the nozzle fitting; 'the
inner end of the nozzle is formed with a valve to fit on to a seat 'formed within the
fitting, and the nozzle and nozzle fitting are screw threaded 'to enable the nozzle
valve to be screwed by 'means of a handle to or from its seat. The nozzle is also
screwed at its outer end to enable a test gauge to be applied thereto, for the purpose
of testing the accuracy of the gauge attached to the cylinder.
And in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect,, I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawing, more fully
to describe the same.
The accompanying drawing represents an elevation partly in section of a chemical
'fire extinguisher with my improvements applied thereto.
a represents the cylinder, which is 'to contain water combined with a chemical
compound inimical to fire. b is a pressure gauge to enable the pressure within the
cylinder to be ascertained at any moment. c is the air pump barrel, which is
attached to the cylinder a, at'a short distance therefrom, by a stay c¹ at the upper
end and by a tubular junction or support at the lower end. d is a hollow piston
rod, which is provided with a hollow handle d' and with a self acting valve'd²,
which latter admits the external air to the barrel c on the ascent, and closes against
the air in the barrel c on the descent, of the piston.
The lower end of the pump barrel c is also provided with a spring valve c³ to
open on the descent of the piston and "to close on its ascent'; 'the bottom support c²
of the pump barrel is provided with a foot e to stand on the ground and thereby
give a firm support, when the cylinder is being charged with compressed air. The
pump barrel c, by being connected to the cylinder a at a short distance therefrom
as above described, serves as a handle by which the extinguisher can be held and
directed.
In addition to the above described ordinary air pump valves, I provide the
passage through the junction leading from the pump barrel b to the cylinder a,
with a screw down check valve e, which can, when required, be screwed to its seat
so as to effectually prevent the accidental' escape or leakage of any liquid from the
cylinder after the latter has been charged with compressed air.
The discharge nozzle has a passage therethrough, which opens at its inner
end into a transverse passage f2 communicating with the space in the nozzle fitting f³;
the inner end of the nozzle f is formed with a valve to fit on to a seat formed
within, the fitting, and the nozzle f and nozzle fitting f³ are screw, threaded, to
enable the valve to be screwed to or from its seat by means of a handle. The
nozzle is also screw threaded at its outer end to enable a test gauge to be

page_text: applied thereto for the purpose of testing the accuracy of the gauge attached to
the cylinder a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In combination with the cylinder of a chemical fire extinguisher, a pump
barrel attached thereto at a short distance therefrom, substantially as herein shown
and described and for the purpose stated.
barrel
2. In combination with the cylinder of a chemical fire extinguisher, a pump
attached to the cylinder at a short distance therefrom, and a foot piece to support
the lower end of the pump barrel, substantially as herein shown and described and
for the purpose stated.
3. In combination with the cylinder and pump of a chemical fire extinguisher, a
screw down check valve capable of closing the passage connecting the lower end of
the pump barrel with the cylinder, substantially as herein shown and described and
for the purpose stated.
4. The combination with a chemical fire extinguisher, of a discharge nozzle screw
threaded at its outer end to enable a test gauge to be fitted thereto, substantially as
herein shown and described.
5. The combination with a chemical fire extinguisher, of a discharge nozzle
constructed and operating as described, and screw threaded at its outer end,
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
DL: 02-1 do of June 1801
CHARLES M. MARTIN.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.