IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES OR APPARATUS FOR CONTAINING, STORING, AND TRANSPORTING ACIDS AND FERMENTED; AERATED, AND OTHER LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Holden, of the City of Manchester, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES OR APPARATUS FOR CONTAINING, STORING,
AND TRANSPORTING ACIDS AND FERMENTED; AERATED, AND OTHER LIQUIDS AND
FLUIDS."
Sealed the 1st November 1878, and dated the 4th May 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Holden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th May 1878.
JOHN HOLDEN, of the City of Manchester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES OR
APPARATUS FOR CONTAINING, STORING, AND TRANSPORTING ACIDS AND FERMENTED,
AERATED, AND OTHER LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS."
The first part of this Invention relates to improvements upon an Invention for
which Letters Patent, No. 3834, were granted to me on the 4th day of October
1876, and consist in enclosing the inner glass vessel in an outer casing of wood or
other material, by preference of a barrel form, and constructed of old or disused
petroleum barrels, or of other suitable wood impregnated with petroleum or paraffin,
and instead of filling the intermediate space with melted material, as heretofore, I
employ cork sawdust, either alone or mixed with ordinary wood sawdust; or in
some cases I use short woollen or other fibrous material or substances of an elastic
nature which will not consolidate or cake together, owing to the presence of
moisture or from other causes.
In performing my Invention the glass vessel is placed within its wooden barrel
or casing before it is headed up, and rests upon a small quantity of the cork saw-
dust or other filling-in material which has been previously introduced; the sur-
rounding space is then filled up with the same material, and the barrel afterwards
headed up in the ordinary manner. The neck of the glass vessel in this case
projects through an aperture of considerably larger diameter formed in the head or
end of the barrel, and through which aperture any additional filling-in material

page_text: may be introduced. Having thus enclosed the glass vessel I secure the same in
position, and also protect the projecting portion of the neck by means of a hollow
wooden block screwed or otherwise secured to the end of the barrel. This block is
provided with an annular space surrounding the neck of the vessel, which I partially
fill in with a paste composed of sawdust and tar or bitumen, or other similar
material, and then pour in melted paraffin or other wax, or tar, or bitumen, which
when cold will solidify, and not only keep the glass vessel from moving, but will
resist the action of acid. The treatment around the neck of the glass vessel as
aforesaid renders the inside of the barrel or casing damp, acid, and water proof.
A lip may be formed in the wooden block to facilitate the withdrawal or pouring
out of the contents; and in order to secure the cork or stopper of the glass vessel
in its place, and to protect the top of the neck of the same, I cover the mouth of the
wooden block with a plate constructed of metal or other material, capable of turning
round a fixed centre, and secured in the closed position by means of a suitable plug
or other equivalent appliance.
The second part of this Invention relates to the employment of my improved
glass-protected vessels for containing, storing, and transporting fermented, and
aerated, and other liquids or fluids under pressure or otherwise, for which purposes
instead of employing a wooden block, as herein-before described, I apply a screwed
boss upon the top of the outer vessel, upon which I screw a cap provided with a
stop-cock and pipe descending to the bottom of the glass vessel, and through which
I can force carbonic acid gas into the contents of the vessel, and thus not only
preserve such contents, but obtain the necessary pressure for forcing or lifting the
same to any desired height by means of a pipe connected to the screwed cap, an
additional test-cock or valve being in some cases applied to the screwed cap, which
also forms an outlet for the fixed air.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Holden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th November
1.878.-
JOHN HOLDEN, of the City of Manchester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES OR
APPARATUS FOR CONTAINING, STORING, AND TRANSPORTING ACIDS AND FERMENTED,,
AERATED, AND OTHER LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS."
The first part of this Invention relates to jimprovements upon an Invention for
which Letters Patent, No. 3834, were granted to me on the Fourth day of October
1876, and consist in enclosing the inner glass vessel in an outer casing of wood or
other material, by preference of a barrel form, and constructed of old or disused
petroleum barrels, or of other suitable wood impregnated with petroleum or paraffin,
and instead of filling the intermediate space with melted material, as heretofore, I
employ cork sawdust, either alone or mixed with ordinary wood sawdust; or in
some cases I use short woollen or other fibrous material or substances of an elastic
nature, which will not consolidate or cake together, owing to the presence of moisture
or from other causes.
In performing my Invention the glass vessel is placed within its wooden barrel
or casing before it is headed up, and rests upon a small quantity of the cork saw-
dust or other filling-in material which has been previously introduced. The sur-
rounding space is then filled up with the same material, and the barrel afterwards
headed up in the ordinary manner. The neck of the glass vessel in this case
projects through an aperture of considerably larger diameter formed in the head or
end of the barrel, and through which aperture any additional filling-in material
may be introduced. Having thus enclosed the glass vessel I secure the same in
position, and also protect the projecting portion of the neck, by means of a hollow
wooden block screwed or otherwise secured to the end of the barrel. This block is
provided with an annular space surrounding the neck of the vessel, which I partially
fill in with a paste composed of sawdust and tar or bitumen, and then pour in and
fill up with melted paraffin or other wax, or tar, bitumen, or other similar acid-
resisting material, which when cold will solidify, and thus not only keep the glass
vessel from moving, but resist the action of acid. The treatment around the neck
of the glass vessel as aforesaid renders the inside of the barrel or casing damp, acid,
and water proof.
A lip may be formed in the wooden block to facilitate the withdrawal or pouring
out of the contents; and in order to secure the cork or stopper of the glass vessel in
its place, and to protect the top of the neck of the same, I cover the mouth of the
wooden block with a disc plate constructed of metal or other material, capable of
turning round a fixed centre, and which can be secured in the closed position by
means of a suitable plug or other equivalent appliance.
The second part of this Invention relates to the employment of my improved
glass-protected vessels for containing, storing, and transporting fermented, and
aerated, or other liquids or fluids under pressure or otherwise, for which purpose
instead of employing the wooden block, as herein-before described, I apply a screwed
boss upon the top of the outer vessel, upon which I screw a cap provided with a
stop-cock and pipe descending to the bottom of the glass vessel, and through which
I can force carbonic acid gas into the contents of the vessel, and thus not only
preserve such contents, but obtain the necessary pressure for forcing or lifting the
Bame to any desired height, by means of a pipe connected to the screwed cap, an
additional test-cock or valve being in some cases applied to the screwed cap, which
also forms an outlet for the fixed air.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
Invention, together with the best methods with which I am acquainted for carrying
the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not

page_text: confine myself to the precise details herein-before described, as the same may be
considerably varied without departing from the Invention, but what I claim is,-
1st. The improvements in constructing and protecting glass receptacles, substan-
tially as and for the purposes herein-before described.
2nd. The use and application of my improved glass-protected receptacles for con-
taining, storing, and transporting fermented, aerated; or other liquids under pressure
of carbonic acid gas or otherwise, substantially as and for the purposes herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Holden, have hereunto set my hand and
Beal this 2nd day of November AD 1878