Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances for Ventilating and Controlling the Passage of Air into and from Structures and through Mines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 16th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances for Ventilating and
Controlling the Passage of Air into and from Structures and
through Mines.
I JOSEPH LEATHER of Broad Green in the County of Lancaster, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
The object is to provide simple and efficient apparatus or appliances for directing
regulating and shutting off the admission and emission or the passage of air to and
from moving and stationary structures and also spaces such as mines. Although
the invention is mainly applicable to railway and other carriages and floating
structures, it serves the same purpose on stationary structures when there is a
current of air.
The invention consists
First. As regards directive and regulating apparatus or appliances two or more
louvre boards are united so as to turn on one common centre and open and close
more or less or wholly two or more air ways. In some cases the air ways are
formed by fixed louvres between the movable louvres.
Second. Under a modification of the above first part two or more louvre boards
free to turn each on its own centre, are connected together and are interspaced with
fixed louvre boards.
Third. In combining with the apparatus under the above first and second parts
an air inducer, educer, or both-such inducer or educer preferably consisting of a
projecting disc or discs substantially as set forth in my Specification No. 1876489.
Fourth. In constructing the projecting disc or discs to be used with the apparatus
described under the above first and second parts with one or more apertures or ways
to allow of the passing away of cinders and ponderable substances instead of
entering with the air into the structure to be ventilated.
Fifth. When it is necessary to exclude rain or other water and snow I combine
with the two or more louvre boards, hinged as described in the above first or second
parts a hinged or pivotted cover which is actuated by the louvre boards when they
are moved and the apparatus is thereby absolutely closed.
It will be evident that the apparatus described is applicable in the ventilation
of mines, that is to say for determining the volume of air allowed to pass and the
course into which it is to be directed.
Dated the 14th February 1891
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus or Appliances for Ventilating and
Controlling the Passage of Air into and from Structures and
through Mines.
1 JOSEPH LEATHER of Broad Green in the County of Lancaster, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object is to provide simple and efficient apparatus or appliances for directing
regulating and shutting off the admission and emission, or the passage of air to and
from moving and stationary structures, and also spaces such as mines. Although

page_text: the invention is mainly applicable to railway and other carriages, and floating
structures, it serves the same purpose on stationary structures when there is a
current of air.
The invention consists :-
First. As regards directive and regulating apparatus or appliances, two or more
louvre boards are united so as to turn on one common centre and open and close
more or less or wholly two or more air-ways. In some cases the airways are
formed by fixed louvres between the movable louvres.
Second. Under a modification of the above first part two or more louvre boards
free to turn each on its own centre are connected together and are interspaced with
fixed louvre boards.
Third. In combining with the apparatus under the above first and second
parts, an air inducer, educer or both. Such inducer or educer preferably con-
sisting of a projecting disc or disces substantially as set forth in my Specification
No. 1876489.
Fourth. In constructing the projecting disc or discs to be used with the apparatus
described under the above first and second parts, with one or more apertures or
ways to allow of the passing away of cinders and ponderable substances, instead of
entering with the air into the structure to be ventilated.
Fifth. When it is necessary to exclude raiu or other water and snow, I combine
with the two or more louvre boards, hinged as described in the above first or second
parts, a hinged or pivotted cover, which is actuated by the louvre boards when they
are moved, and the apparatus is thereby absolutely closed.
It will be evident that the apparatus described is applicable in the ventilation of
mines, that is to say for determining the volume of air allowed to pass and the
course into which it is to be directed."
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of apparatus under the first part of my invention in its
simplest form. a represents a wall of the structure to be ventilated. is the
aperture in the wall through which air flows into or from the structure. c are
louvre boards secured to a carrier d pivotted at e.
When the louvre boards are in
the position shown, three air ways are formed, when the boards are in the position
shown by the dotted lines, the aperture is closed. By slightly varying the
position of the boards the angle of the airways and the direction of the inflowing
or outflowing air is altered.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a modification of apparatus under the first part.
Here in addition to the movable boards c moving around a common centre e, an
intermediate fixed louvre board ƒ is used and there are four airways instead of
three when the louvre boards are in the position shown. The dotted lines show the
boards closing the aperture b.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of apparatus under the second part of my invention.
Here each louvre board c, c³, turns on its own centre e, e¹, the ends of the boards
being united by a coupling rod g. f is an interspaced louvre board. More than
two movable and one fixed board may be used.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of apparatus under the third part of my invention.
Here a projecting disc or plate with a raised edge such as is described in my
Complete Specification No. 18764 of the year 1889 is used in combination with the
system of louvres moving about a common centre described under the first part and
with or without the fixed louvres specified under the second part.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view and Fig. 6 a front view of apparatus under the fourth
part of my invention. Here the disc or plate is made with apertures or ways i
in the raised edge through which cinders and ponderable substances pass away
in the direction shown by the arrow instead of entering the structure to be
ventilated. The walls of the disc or plate are made slightly conical with the
base towards the structure so that the ponderable matter when it strikes the disc
is directed towards the openings i.

page_text: Fig. 7 is a sectional view of apparatus under the fifth part. Here movable
louvre boards e are connceted to a valve j by a rod k so that the ventilating
aperture b is absolutely closed when not required.
When used for ventilating lateral passages in mines, the apparatus is placed so
that the disc or plate is acted on by the current of air in the main working.
In all the views the same letters denote like parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
First. Two or more louvre boards pivotted on one
purpose set forth.
common centre for the
Second. Two or more louvre boards pivotted on one common centre with one or
more interspaced fixed louvre boards for the purpose set forth.
Third. Two or more louvre boards each pivotted on its own centre combined with
interspaced fixed louvre boards for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. The combination of a disc or discs and louvre boards substantially in the
manner and for the purpose set forth under the third part.
Fifth. The construction and combination of apparatus substantially as and for
the purpose set forth under the fourth part.
Sixth. The combination of louvres with a valve for the purpose set forth.
Dated the 15th day of December 1891
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.