IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR REDUCING SUCH LIQUIDS FROM A HIGHER TO A LOWER TEMPERATURE
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir Francis Sherlock Gooch,
Baronet, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 3rd March 1875.
I, Sir FRANCIS SHERLOCK GOOCH, Baronet, of No. 7, Upper Grosvenor
Street, Grosvenor Square, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REGULATING THE
FLOW OF LIQUIDS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR REDUCING SUCH LIQUIDS FROM A
HIGHER TO A LOWER TEMPERATURE," to be as follows :—
The Invention applies to cases in which, as in brewing operations, it is
desirable that the liquid under operation be progressively cooled in such
manner that at the point of delivery it may be kept at about the
temperature desired.
At present this object in brewing operations is effected by an
attendant watching the temperature of the liquid as it flows out after
being operated upon by the cooling media. When the temperature rises
too high this attendant checks the supply, and thus by regulating such
supply before it passes through the refrigerating means regulates the
temperature at the delivery as desired.

page_text: My Invention relates to improved arrangements of electrical means by
which to render this regulation self-acting. For this purpose in the case
of the operation of brewing I apply one or more electro thermometers
in the tun or in the pipes or passages leading thereto, such electro-
thermometer or thermometers being in connection with an electro-
magnet or magnets of comparatively small power placed in position to
operate upon an armature or lever or levers, by which contact will also
be formed with another wire to complete the circuit to the poles of a
more powerful magnet, the armature of which operates to control the
flow of the liquor under operation in its passage through the refrigerator
or the flow of the refrigerating media so as to vary the one to the other
and thereby obtain the desired temperature.
When using a pair of thermometers one of them may be arranged to
complete the electric circuit by a rise and the other by a fall of the
temperature; one of them being a mercury thermometer and having the
end of a platinum wire let into the bulb of it, whilst the other end of this
wire is connected to one pole of the magnet; and another platinum wire
is let into the tube from the bulb at the top of that tube, and extending
downwards therein to a point corresponding with the height of tem-
perature at which the apparatus is to come into operation, say 58°, 60°,
or 63°, or other temperature desired, whilst the other end of this wire is
connected to the other pole of that magnet. When the temperature of
the liquor in which such thermometer is placed rises to bring the
mercury in contact with the end of the wire in the upper part of
the tube, the circuit will be complete to act on the armature, and in so
doing produce contact with and complete the circuit to the larger
magnet, the armature of which when acted upon will regulate the valve
apparatus as required.
A Grenet, Leclanché, or other constant battery may be employed with
the small electro-magnet, the armature of which when in contact with
the magnet will complete the circuit of a powerful electro-magnet in
connection with two or more cells of a Groves or a Bunsen, or other
suitable battery. The armature of this powerful battery will when acted
upon operate to shut off or check the flow of the liquid to be cooled or
increase the flow of the cold water used for the refrigeration thereof.
The other thermometer is formed with spirit and mercury, one end
of one wire of platinum is passed into the portion containing the
mercury, the other end of which wire passes to one pole of the magnet,

page_text: whilst the wire from the other pole passes in through the spirit portion
of the thermometer to an extent to be acted upon by the mercury,
and thus complete the circuit on a reduction of temperature to the
extent to be guarded against. The circuit is thus completed with
a relay magnet and battery as in the other case, and with a large
magnet and battery to regulate the valve apparatus so as to let in
more liquid to be cooled or shut off the supply of the refrigerating
liquid.
I prevent oxidation or consumption of mercury at the points of
contact of the platinum wire with the mercury by thus employing a
relay magnet with a single cell of very low power, so that when the
thermometer completes the circuit it is with the single cell and small
magnet, and by the armature of this magnet being acted upon to
produce electric contact with the circuit of the larger magnet and
battery of two or more cells, the armature of which is connected
with and operates the valve apparatus as desired, either for opening or
closing.