Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 10th day of February 1888, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
Kinds of Steel.
WALTER GOODALL COPESTAKE of 42 Duffield Road Derby, Surgeon and CHARLES
JONES of 49 Barlow Street Derby, Moulder, do hereby declare the nature of this.
invention to be as follows :-
The manufacture or remanufacture of Old Steel, Iron and other kinds of Metal by
the help of various substances by which the material under the operation is chemically
or mechanically converted or so altered as to be used for any purpose that may be
required. The process consists of heating the materials in the presence of the
substances for various periods and treating them afterwards in such a manner as to
render them useful.
The metal under operation is first cleaned of all external impurity, all oxide being
removed, it is then covered with a Fluid Carbonaceous substance, after which the
metal is placed in a converting box in company with various kinds of carbon and
subjected to pressure: The whole is then placed in a furnace and carefully heated,
the quantity of the different kinds of carbon whether mineral, vegetable, or animal,
and the time of heating being dependent on the chemical nature of the metal, which
has been ascertained beforehand.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
A Process for Converting or Reconverting Old Steel, Iron, and other
Kinds of Metal into Compounds known Generally as the Different
Kinds of Steel.
WALTER GOODALL COPESTAKE of 42 Duffield Road, Derby, Surgeon, and CHARLES
JONES of 49 Barlow Street, Derby, Moulder do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The metal under operation is first cleaned from all external impurity, all oxide
being removed in any well known manner. It is then covered with a Carbonaceous
Fluid Substance, after which the metal is placed in converting boxes in company with
various kinds of Carbon and subjected to pressure, which is continued to the end of
the process.
The whole is then placed in à furnace and carefully heated; the quantity
of the different kinds of carbon whether mineral, vegetable, or animal, and the time of
heating being dependent on the chemical nature of the metal, which has been ascertained
beforehand.
The
The Substances to be preferred in the process are, Carbolineum Avenarius, Animal,
Vegetable and mineral Charcoal or Carbon. Carbolineum Avenarius is a dark brown
mineral oil manufactured in Germany, and which can be bought from Peters Bartsch
and Co. City Road Mills, Derby England it is used in trade as a preserver of wood
from damp. The animal Charcoal is prepared from Bones, Horn, or leather by
being burnt in a covered crucible until it becomes a black friable mass, it is then
easily powdered by simply rubbing between two pieces of hard wood.
vegetable Charcoal is prepared from various kinds of wood, oak, beach, birch, or
any hard wood being preferred, it is powdered by being placed in a revolving
iron cylinder in which are a number of loose round iron balls or one large iron
roller, this process is continued until the Charcoal is an impalpable powder. The
mineral Charcoal used is that found in the inside of Gas retorts, where it forms
a lining which takes the form of the retort from which it is taken, it is extremely
hard and is broken in pieces with hammers and ground to a fine powder between
rollers or stones.
The metal is first cleaned and cut up into suitable lengths, each piece is dipped in
the Cold Carbolineum Avenarius and drained, the tenacity of the Fluid being
sufficient to leave a thick film still adhering. The animal Charcoal is then applied to
the thickness of 1 of an inch in the converting box this being followed by a similar
thickness of the vegetable charcoal, the box is then filled up with the mineral carbon
and rammed, all interstices being carefully filled up so as to exclude the air, the amount
of pressure being not less than 56 lbs. to the square foot.
The iron lid being put on the joint is made with Fire clay and Borax in the
proportion of about 10 parts of the clay to one part of Borax.

page_text: The Box and its contents is then placed is a furnace, the form of which may be
like the one used in making maleable iron.
After the
The temperature required is a heat known as a "red heat" and should be between
1000° and 1100° Fahrenheit. The time of heating will vary from 30 hours to 5 days
or more, according to the quantity and thickness of the metal operated on.
heating is finished the metal is allowed to cool slowly, and it is then manufactured in
the ordinary way according to the uses to which it is to be put, either tilted, rolled,
fagotted, or cast.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is
That our process-is-the-first-that has successfully operated on old Steel for the
restitution of its quality.
That the introduction of Fluid Carbonaceous substances into the manufacture is
entirely new, and used by us for the first time.
Firstly. The process of treating steel or iron as hereinbefore described, consisting in
first cleansing the metal (cut up if required), then coating or covering the same with a
fluid carbonaceous material such as " Carbolineum avenarius," then placing it in converting
boxes with suitable forms of charcoal, subjecting the metal and charcoal to pressure and
finally heating and then cooling the same.
Secondly. The employment in treating iron and steel for converting or re-converting
the same, of carbonaceous fluids for coating the metal before placing the same in the
converting boxes substantially as described.
Dated this 11th dove ST. 1007

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec.. 1885
Complete Left, 13th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 14th Oct., 1887.
Kinds of Metal into Compounds known Generally as the Different
Kinds of Steel.
WALTER GOODALL COPESTAKE of 42 Duffield Road Derby, Surgeon and CHARLES
JONES of 49 Barlow Street Derby, Moulder, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
The manufacture or remanufacture of Old Steel, Iron and other kinds of Metal by
the help of various substances by which the material under the operation is chemically
or mechanically converted or so altered as to be used for any purpose that may be
required. The process consists of heating the materials in the presence of the
substances for various periods and treating them afterwards in such a manner as to
render them useful.
The metal under operation is first cleaned of all external impurity, all oxide being
removed, it is then covered with a Fluid Carbonaceous substance, after which the
metal is placed in a converting box in company with various kinds of carbon and
subjected to pressure: The whole is then placed in a furnace and carefully heated,
the quantity of the different kinds of carbon whether mineral, vegetable, or animal,
and the time of heating being dependent on the chemical nature of the metal, which
has been ascertained beforehand.
WALTER GOODALL COPESTAKE.
CHARLES JONES.

page_text: WALTER GOODALL COPESTAKE of 42 Duffield Road, Derby, Surgeon, and CHARLES
JONES of 49 Barlow Street, Derby, Moulder do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The metal under operation is first cleaned from all external impurity, all oxide
being removed. It is then covered with a Carbonaceous Fluid Substance, after which
the metal is placed in converting boxes in company with various kinds of Carbon and
subjected to pressure, which is continued to the end of the process. The whole is
then placed in a furnace and carefully heated; the quantity of the different kinds of
carbon whether mineral, vegetable, or animal, and the time of heating being
dependent on the chemical nature of the metal, which has been ascertained
beforehand.
The Substances to be preferred in the process are, Carbolineum Avenarius, Animal,
Vegetable and mineral Charcoal or Carbon. Carbolineum Avenarius is a dark brown
mineral oil manufactured in Germany, it is used in trade as a preserver of wood from
damp. The animal Charcoal is prepared from Bones, Horn, or leather by being burnt
in a covered crucible until it becomes a black friable mass, it is then easily powdered
by simply rubbing between two pieces of hard wood. The vegetable Charcoal is
prepared from various kinds of wood, oak, beach, birch, or any hard wood being
preferred, it is powdered by being placed in a revolving iron cylinder in which are a
number of loose round iron balls or one large iron roller, this process is continued
until the Charcoal is an impalpable powder. The mineral Charcoal used is that
found in the inside of Gas retorts, where it forms a lining which takes the form of
the retort from which it is taken, it is extremely hard and is broken in pieces with
hammers and ground to a fine powder between rollers or stones.
The metal is first cleaned and cut up into suitable lengths, each piece is dipped in
the Cold Carbolineum Avenarius and drained, the tenacity of the Fluid being
sufficient to leave a thick film still adhering. The animal Charcoal is then applied to
the thickness of of an inch in the coverting box this being followed by a similar
thickness of the vegetable charcoal, the box is then filled up with the mineral carbon
and rammed, all interstices being carefully filled up so as to exclude the air, the amount
of pressure being not less than 56 lbs. to the square foot.
The iron lid being put on the joint is made with Fire clay and Borax in the
proportion of 10 parts of the clay to one part of Borax.
The Box and its contents is then placed is a furnace, the form of which may be
like the one used in making maleable iron.

page_text: The temperature required is a heat known as a "red heat" and should be between
1000° and 1100° Fahrenheit. The time of heating will vary from 30 hours to 5 days
or more, according to the quantity and thickness of the metal operated on. After the
heating is finished the metal is allowed to cool slowly, and it is then manufactured in
the ordinary way according to the uses to which it is to be put, either tilted, rolled,
fagotted, or cast.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is
That our process is the first that has successfully operated on old Steel for the
restitution of its quality.
That the introduction of Fluid Carbonaceous substances into the manufacture is
entirely new, and used by us for the first time.