An Improved Electro-Magnetic Brake for Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 25th Mar, 1897-Accepted, 10th July, 1897
[Communicated from abroad by UNION ELEKTRICITATS-GESELLSCHAFT of
32 Hollmannstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany.]
An Improved Electro-Magnetic Brake for Vehicles.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to brakes operated by electricity, and more especially to
magnetic brakes in which the magnet is generated by the electrical current; the
arrangement being such that
that the magnets called into existence by the
electro-magnets are located with their pole surfaces in one plane, and that the whole
mechanism is capable of being readily and quickly taken to pieces and fitted
together again.
The brake-shoe consists of a number of external metal pieces and internal metal
pieces, and it assumes the shape of a disc, the surface of which, when the brake is
applied, takes up its position against a second disc, which is mounted upon, or secured
to, the carriage axle, and rotates in the same plane. The said external and internal
parts are disconnected from each other, leaving an aperture or space between them,
thereby affording a passage for the circulation of air between the poles of the magnet,
and also a passage for dust.
The aperture between the outer and inner pole pieces has a polygonal shape,-
here supposed to be octagonal. In this arrangement the angles of the polygon are
further removed from the centre than the chord of the outer octagon, whereby the
formation of a projection rising upon the surface of the rotary disc is avoided.
The internal and external metal pieces are connected together by means of yokes
which radially emerge from the inner pieces and are secured to the outer pieces by
means of screw bolts or by any other suitable medium. Around the portions of the
yokes, serving as cores, a coil is wound. Hence it will be seen, that the outer and
inner pieces, and the yoke, and also the cores, having coils wound round them,
constitute the brake-shoe magnet, the said pieces forming pole "shoes" or pieces.
The coils are supplied with current from any suitable conductor.
Within the inner pieces a sufficient space is left for the suspension of the shoe
concentrically with the carriage axle.
The brake-shoe may either act upon the carriage wheel direct or, it may act upon
a disc or pulley rigidly connected with the axle. The brake-shoe is yieldingly
suspended above the carriage axle, but at the same time made independent of such
axle, and arranged at such a distance from the carriage wheel, or in other words
from the disc, that the same is attracted when the brake magnet is excited, while it
hangs free when the said magnet is not excited. The brake-shoe is, on one side,
secured to a nose or tappet provided on a projecting piece of the motor-casing,
wherein the axle bearing is situated, and on the other side, by means of a tappet or
nose provided on the upper pole piece resting upon the first mentioned tappet. The
entire brake-shoe may slide to and fro, as it is attracted by or released from the

page_text: said disc. In order to retain the shoe in the normal position, and, furthermore, to
cause it to return to that normal position, when released by the disc, and in order
also to relieve it from friction in the performance of such reciprocating sliding
motion, it is suspended yieldingly.
A coiled spring is inserted at an angle into the pockets or recesses provided in
the projections, its operation being such that it carries the brake-shoe back to its
normal position when it is released from the disc. The said brake-shoe is kept from
rotating by means of special projections raised upon the aforesaid projection, and is
prevented from moving vertically by the tappet or projection raised upon the
lower inner piece.
The withdrawal of the brake-shoe from the brake disc, when the former is
inoperative, may be caused also by springs specially provided for the purpose.
Dated this 16th day of July 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Electro-Magnetic Brake for Vehicles.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to brakes operated by electricity, and more especially to
magnetic brakes in which the magnet is energised by the electrical current; the
arrangement being such that the magnets energised by the electro-magnets are
located with their pole surfaces in one plane, and that the whole mechanism is
capable of being readily and quickly taken to pieces and fitted together again, said
brakes being adapted for use with electric railway vehicles or electric road vehicles.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the brake-shoe which, as will presently be seen
upon the perusal of. the specification, is mounted around the carriage axle; also
showing a partial side elevation of the motor-casing and the relative positions of
the brake-shoe to the said casing;
Figure 2 is a plan corresponding to Figure 1, including part of the carriage axle
and a disc or pulley secured thereon, against which the brake-shoe comes to rest;
Figure 8 is a rear view of the brake-shoe;
Figure 4 is a vertical section thereof on line x-x, Figure 3, the coils being
supposed to be removed;
Figure 5 is a front view of a detached inner part of the brake-shoe.
Figure 6 is a detail section on line y-y, Figure 3, and
Figure 7 illustrates the manner in which the inner poles are connected with the
centre.
The brake-shoe consists of a number of external metal pieces 1 and internal
metal pieces 2, and it assumes the shape of a disc, the surface of which, when the
brake is applied, takes up its position against a second disc, which is mounted upon,
or secured to, the carriage axle, and rotates in the same plane. The said external
and internal parts 1 and 2 are separated from each other, leaving an aperture or
space 3 between them, thereby affording a passage for the circulation of air between
the poles of the magnet, and also a passage for dust.
As will be seen from Figure 1 the aperture 3 between the outer and inner pole
pieces has a polygonal shape,-here supposed to be octagonal.. In this arrangement
the angles of the polygon are further removed from the centre than the chord of the

page_text: outer octagon, whereby the formation of a projection rising upon the surface of the
rotary disc is avoided. The internal and external metal pieces 2 and 1 are
connected together by means of yokes 4 which radially emerge from the inner
pieces 2 and are secured to the outer pieces 1 by means of screw bolts 5 Figures 2,
3 and 4 or by any other suitable medium. Around the portions of the yokes 4,
serving as cores, a coil 7 Figures 3 and 6 is wound. Hence it will be seen, that
the outer and inner pieces 1 and 2, and the yoke 4, and also the cores 6, having
coils wound round them, constitute the brake-shoe magnet, the said pieces 1 and 2
forming pole "shoes" or pieces. The coils are supplied with current from any
suitable conductor.
Within the inner pieces 2 a sufficient space 8 is left for the suspension of the shoe
concentrically with the carriage axle.
The brake-shoe may either act upon the carriage wheel direct or, as indicated in
Figure 2, it may act upon a disc or pulley 10 rigidly connected with the axle 9.
The brake-shoe is yieldingly suspended above the carriage axle, but at the same
time made independent of such axle, and arranged at such a distance from the
carriage wheel, or in other words from the disc 10, that the same is attracted when
the brake magnet is excited, while it hangs free when the said magnet is not
excited. The brake-shoe is, on one side, secured to a nose or tappet 18 Figure 4
provided on a projecting piece 11 of the motor-casing 12, Figure 1 wherein the axle
bearing is situated, and on the other side, by means of a tappet or nose 131 provided
on the upper pole piece 2 resting upon the first mentioned tappet 13. The entire
brake-shoe may slide to and fro, as it is attracted by or released from the said
disc 10. In order to retain the shoe in the normal position, and, furthermore, to
cause it to return to that normal position, when released by the disc 10, and in order
also to relieve it from friction in the performance of such reciprocating sliding
motion, it is suspended yieldingly, as shown in Figure 4.
A coiled spring 14 is inserted at an angle into the pockets or recesses 15 and 16
provided in the projections 13 and 13', its operation being such that it carries the
brake-shoe back to its normal position when it is released from the disc 10. The
said brake-shoe is kept from rotating by means of special projections 17 raised upon
the aforesaid projection 11, and is prevented from moving vertically by the tappet
or projection 18 and 19 Figures 5 and 7 raised upon the lower inner piece 2.
The withdrawal of the brake-shoe from the brake disc, when the former is
inoperative, may be caused also by springs specially provided for the purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. An electrical brake-shoe consisting of a number of inner and outer pieces,
separate from or independent of each other, the contact surfaces of which lie all in
the same plane, and which are connected by radial yokes wound round with coils,
n such a manner that the contact surfaces are facing the brake discs.
2. In the arrangement shown in the first claim, the provision of a slot 3 between
he pole surfaces in a form that is not circular, and in such a manner that a number
of parts of the inner pole surface overlap the said slot.
3. In the invention characterised in the first aud second claims, the provision of
prings, firstly, in order to relieve the brake-shoe from friction as it slides to and
ro, and secondly, in order to retain it at a predetermined distance from the brake
lisc when in the position of rest.
Dated thin 95th 1
1 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.