Improvements in Arm-pit Dress Shields.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 5th Oct., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by JULIUS LEVINSTEIN, of the firm of Gebrüder
Levinstein, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Arm-pit Dress Shields.
I, OTTO JULIUS LEVINSTEIN at present of the Royal Hotel Blackfriars in the City
of London and County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of arm-pit dress shields.
Dress shields manufactured according to these Improvements consist of a folded
double texture water-proofed fabric having its crease or fold made concave so as to
fit under the arm-pit and shaped so that one part may fit within the bodice and the
other part within the sleeve of the dress. Such shields are now in common use but
they are at present manufactured by comparatively tedious and complicated
processes.
In manufacturing dress shields according to these Improvements the manufacturer
takes or prepares a double texture waterproof fabric consisting of two plies of
stockinette or similar suitable fabric cemented together by a film or sheet of non-
sulphurised indiarubber or indiarubber compound. This double fabric is prepared
in the manner and by the means usually employed in the manufacture of waterproof
fabrics. From this double texture fabric the blanks for the shields are cut by any
ordinary and suitable means, but it is preferred to cut them by means of a punch
shaped to produce "pinked edges or other ornamental or desired form, no
subsequent cutting or trimming of the blank being necessary. The shields may have
their two parts or flaps equal and similar, or unequal and dissimilar. If the two
flaps are to be equal the blank is folded across the middle; if the flaps are to be
unequal they are folded so as to produce the desired proportion in the lengths of the
flaps.
"
The curvature of the crease produced in folding the blank, is effected by means of
an ordinary laundry smoothing iron heated in the same manner as for laundry
purposes. The folded blank is laid upon a table and the operator takes one corner
of the flap at the end of the crease and passes the iron over that side of the shield
and beyond the corner, which the operator liberates for the purpose. This operation
is repeated for each of the folded corners as often as may be required until the desired
degree of curvature is secured.
The shields are now thoroughly coated or saturated with powdered steatite or
french chalk or with similar powdered material to protect the fabric during the
subsequent vulcanization.
The vulcanization is effected in a suitable chamber into which fumes of chloride
of sulphur can be introduced or within which the vapours of the chloride may be
produced to vulcanize the indiarubber or indiarubber compound in the fabric as is
well understood.
After vulcanization, the shields are boiled in a soda or potash lye, or are otherwise
treated to remove the powder and any free traces of the chloride of sulphur or either
of its constituents.
Dated this 3rd day of December AD 1888
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE: SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Arm-pit Dress Shields.
I, OTTO JULIUS' LEVINSTEIN of the Royal Hotel Blackfriars in the City of London
and County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This Invention relates to the manufacture of arm-pit dress shields.
Dress shields manufactured according to these Improvements consist of a folded
waterproofed fabric having its crease or fold made concave so as to fit under the
arm-pit and shaped so that one part may fit within the bodice and the other part
within the sleeve of the dress. Such shields are now in common use but they are at
present manufactured by comparatively tedious and complicated processes.
or
In manufacturing arm-pit dress shields in accordance with these Improvements,
the manufacturer takes or prepares a waterproof fabric such as stockinette or any
other suitable fabric coated with a film or sheet of non-sulphurised indiarubber or
indiarubber. compound. The fabric is waterproofed or prepared in the manner and
by the means usually employed in the manufacture of waterproofed fabrics and the
blanks for the shields are cut from it by any ordinary or suitable means, but it is
preferred to cut them by means of a punch shaped to produce "pinked edges."
other plain or ornamental form desired in the finished dress shield, no subsequent
cutting or trimming of the blank being necessary. The shields may have their two
parts or flaps equal and similar, or unequal and dissimilar. If the two flaps are. to be
equal, the blank is folded across the middle; if the flaps are to be unequal, they are
folded: so as to produce the desired respective proportions or dimensions for the two
flaps..
The appended drawings will enable the manner in which this Invention. is, to be
carried into practical effect to be more clearly understood.
Fig. 1 represents a blank which is to be folded into two. equal flaps or parts!;
Fig. 2 shews a blank which is to be folded so as to form, unequal parts. or flaps. In
each of these Figures the dotted line shews the position of the crease or fold. Fig. 3
represents the blank shewn in Fig. 1 after it has been folded; and Fig. 4 shews
the form of the blank represented in Fig. 2.after folding.. Figs. 5 and 6. respectively
shew the finished form of the two shields.
The blank having, been folded as: indicated: in Figs. 3 and 4. the curvature of the
crease (which is shewn in Figs. 5, and 6) is effected by means. of an. ordinary
laundry smoothing iron heated in the same manner as for laundry purposes.. In
cases: where the waterproof coating or compound, is exposed, as, for example on one
side of the fabric, it is first dusted with powdered tale or french chalk. to, prevent
adhesion. The folded blank is laid upon a table and the operator takes, one of the
corners. A.A between the finger and thumb and slightly raises it from the table at
the same time passing the laundry iron over one side of the flap towards the
operator's finger and thumb.. As soon as the nose of the, iron approaches the finger
and thumb, the operator removes her hand, and, passes the iron, beyond the corner of
-the-shield as and. in the direction indicated by the arrow. This operation is repeated
for each of the corners A A as often as may be required to produce the required
form or until the desired degree of curvature of the crease. is produced, as. shewn in
Figs. 5 and 6. It will of course be. understood that the manipulation, of the laundry
iron as hereinbefore described may be varied.
The dress shields may now be packed and delivered for sale, but it is preferred to
vulcanise the india rubber or indiarubber compound so as to give to the shield a more
permanent form and enable it better to withstand rough usage.
When the shields have to be vulcanised I first thoroughly coat or saturate the
fabric of the shield with powdered tale, steatite, french chalk or similar powder to
protect the fabric in the process of vulcanisation.
The coated shields are then placed in a chamber, vessel, or any suitable apparatus

page_text: within which they are exposed to the action of the vapours of chloride of sulphur,
which is well known to produce vulcanisation of indiarubber.
After vulcanisation the shields are boiled in soda or potash lye or any other
agent producing the same effect with the powder and any free traces of the chloride
of sulphur or of its constituents are removed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) In the manufacture of arm-pit dress shields; cutting the blank of the shield
to the finished outline, folding the blank into equal or unequal parts, and ironing the
folded blank until the desired curvature of the fold is obtained; all substantially as
hereinbefore described.
(2) In the manufacture of arm-pit dress shields; cutting the blank of the shield
to the finished outline, folding the blank into equal or unequal parts, ironing the
folded blank until the desired curvature of the fold is obtained, coating the shields
with suitable protective powder, vulcanising the shields by the vapour of chloride
of sulphur, and finally boiling them; all substantially as hereinbefore described.
(3) In the manufacture of arm-pit dress shields; coating the folded and fashioned
shields with a protective powder, vulcanising them by the means of vapours of
chloride of sulphur, and thereafter boiling them; all substantially as hereinafter
described.
Dated this 4th day of September A.D. 1889.
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.