IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ERNST ROST at Dresden, kingdom of Saxony, German empire, manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS"
to be as follows:-
D
My invention relates to apparatuses serving to supply the rubbing surfaces of
machines with lubricating material, and the improvements consist in combining
with such apparatuses a small pump, worked by suitable mechanism, and adapted
to draw the lubricating medium from a reservoir and to force it to the surfaces
sliding upon each other.
The piston or plunger of the said pump may be operated by means of a crank,
the axle whereof is rotated by a ratchet-wheel and a pall connected with a moving
part of the machine to be lubricated. Other mechanism for imparting a slow
reciprocating motion to the piston or plunger may also be employed. The pump
may be either fixed or oscillating. The means for putting the pump alternately in
communication with the oil-reservoir and the pipe leading to the surfaces to be
lubricated, may consist in slide-valves or beat-valves; or, the plunger itself is
arranged to open and close the suction-channel, while the discharge-channel is
either provided with a beat-valve or with a plunger adapted and operated to open
and close the same. In the case of an oscillating pump, the hollow trunnion
thereof may have ports, which according to the angular position of the pump, cause
the same to communicate either with the suction or the discharge-channel. Two
pumps may be used instead of a single one if preferred.
These apparatuses are especially adapted for the lubrication of surfaces working
in a medium exposed to a pressure which is higher or lower then that of the
atmosphere.

page_text: I, ERNST ROST at Dresden, kingdom of Saxony, German Empire, manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LUBRICATORS," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to apparatuses serving to supply the rubbing surfaces
of machines with lubricating material, and the improvements consist in combining
with such apparatuses small pumps, worked by suitable mechanism and adapted
to draw the lubricating medium froin a reservoir and to force it to the surfaces
sliding upon cach other.
On the annexed six sheets of drawings my invention is represented in six
⚫ different arrangements.
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show the first arrangement respectively in a sectional front.
view, a sectional side view and a like plan. The two pumps p and q form part of
a casting mounted on a bracket a and carrying the reservoir n, containing the
lubricating material, and they operate by means of the plungers kk and a single
slide-valve 8. The said plungers are both attached to a sliding-bar c, suitably
guided, and to which a slow alternating motion is imparted by means of a crank,
The
the pin whereof works with a slide-block in a vertical slot of the bar c.
axle of the said crank is put in rotation by a ratchet-wheel, pall and lever, the
latter being suitably connected with a moving part of the machine to which the
apparatus is applied. In the face on which the slides works, three channels open
out, two of which, f and u, communicate respectively with the pumps p and q,
while the third one, t, leads to the reservoir n. The slide-valve 8 is actuated by
an arm m on the sliding-bar c, striking alternately against the two adjustable
collars 8 on the slide-valve-rod, and it has two recesses adapted to put the
channels and u alternately in communication with the channel t and the valve-
box b. One pump will thus draw oil from the reservoir while the other delivers its
contents to the valve-box b. 1 is the pipe leading from the said box to the
surfaces to be lubricated. Of course, a single pump only may be used instead of
the two pumps described.
In the arrangement shown by Fig. 4 in sectional elevation and by Fig. 5 in
sectional side view, the two pumps p and q are turned with their stuffing-boxes
towards each other, and the two plungers k are provided with a slotted cross-head
or yoke, in which engages the pinj of a crank operated by a pall and ratchet-wheel
and worm-wheel-gearing i r. The single slide-valve s, which puts either pump
alternately in communication with the channel t leading to the reservoir n, and
with the valve box b,.is worked by. an inside lever g and an outside one / fixed on
the same axle as g, and actuated by the crank-pin j which projects into a slot of h.
From the valve-box the pipe again leads to the surfaces requiring to be lubricated.
This device may also be carried out with a single pump.
i
The third arrangement is represented by Fig. 6 in front view, by Fig. 7 in side
view and by Fig. 8 in plan, all with sections of main parts. In this case there is
but a single pump, p, which is arranged to oscillate with a trunnion o in a shell or

page_text: •
housing e, mounted on the bracket a and carrying the reservoir n. The plunger k
is worked by means of the crank-pin ;, engaging with the head of k and rotated by
a ratchet device, as in the foregoing cases. In the trunnion o there is, in addition
to the longitudinal bore, a transverse perforation u¹, which according to its angular
position, either communicates with the channel t leading to the reservoir n, or with
the channel and pipe l, so that during the out-stroke of k oil will be drawn into the
pump, and during its instroke. discharged through l.
The fourth arrangement, represented by Figs. 9, 10 and 11 in three views.
corresponding to Figs. 6, 7 and 8, is a modification of the one shown by the latter
figures. The pump p also oscillates by means of its trunnion o in the housing e,
and the piston k is actuated in like manner as before; but the communication
between the pump and the reservoir n on one hand, and the discharge-pipe / on the
other, is alternately established and broken by the valves and w arranged
respectively in the suction-channel t and the discharge-channel 7. The central-bore
of the trunnion o permanently communicates with the inner ends of the channels t
and by means of a groove turned into the trunnion, and a transverse hole d.
Fig. 9, moreover, shows the reservoir n provided with a cylinder ¹ made of wire
gauze, and adapted to strain the lubricating material as it passes from the reservoir
to the pump.
The said cylinder may also be covered with flannel, felt, filtering-
paper and the like for still more efficiently purifying the lubricant.
By Figs. 12, 13 and 14 a lubricator is represented in which the pump is fitted
with a selfacting discharge-valve w, while the communication between the pump
and the suction-channel t is established and cut off by the plunger k. For this
purpose the plunger (which is worked by a crank and slotted cross-head, together
with mechanism similar to that already described) is made to fit closely in the bore
of the pump, and the channel t is arranged to open out into the pump near the end
of the plunger when being at the extremity of its outward stroke. Supposing
that, while the plunger of the pump thus arranged is in the position mentioned,
and the pump filled with oil, the crank-pin ; be put in motion. The plunger then
moving inward, soon closes the channel t and thereupon presses the oil which it has
cut off from t, past the valve w into the pipe l. During its outward stroke it
creates in the pump a vacuum, which causes the latter to fill with oil at once as
soon as the channel t is opened again by the plunger. The plunger thus operates
as substitute for the suction-valve.
The sixth arrangement is represented by Fig. 15 in sectional elevation, by
Fig. 16 in side view, and by Fig. 17 in sectional-plan, while Fig. 18 shows a part
in detail. This apparatus differs froin the foregoing substantially in so far as the
discharge-valve of the latter is replaced by a plunger wol adapted to establish and
break communication between the pump and the discharge-pipe l.
The plunger is worked by an eccentric k¹ rotating in an oval yoke k². The
plunger w slides in a bore w² parallel to that of the pump, and it is provided with
a yoke y Figs. 17 and 18, within which rotates a cam-disk keyed on the same
axle as the eccentric. This cam-disk is formed with an off set ¹, and the yoke y
with an offset y¹. The bore w² communicates with the discharge-pipe 7 by means
of a channel branching off from w³ at a point close to the end of the plunger 201
when being at the end of its outward stroke. By the channel p³ communication
is established between the space p³ of the pump and the bore w².
When the plunger k is in the position shown in the drawing, the space pl
communicates by the channel t with the reservoir and is consequently filled with
oil. The axle being then rotated in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. 15
and 18, the eccentric k' pushes the plunger k inward. After the latter has closed
the channel t, it exercises on the oil a pressure, which is transmitted through the
channel p to the plunger w. At the same time the cam-disk has passed with its
offset the offset y', so that the plunger w¹ is free to yield to the said pressure and
to recede. When w¹ is pushed so far back as that it opens the channel 1, the
plunger k, still continuing to move forward, will press the oil through into l.
Towards the end of the forward motion of k, the part of the cam disk causes

page_text: the plunger w to reclose the channel . The plunger then moving outward
again, creates a vacuum in the space' 2', which causes the latter to fill with oil as
soon as t is reopened, as in the foregoing arrangement.
These apparatuses are especially adapted for the lubrication of surfaces working
in a medium exposed to a pressure which is higher or lower than that of the
atmosphere.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
>
1. In lubricating-apparatuses the combination with a reservoir n containing the
lubricating material, of a pump or pumps provided with the means herein before
described for alternately breaking and establishing the communication of the same
respectively with the reservoir and the pipe leading to the surfaces to be lubricated,
and mechanism for imparting reciprocating motion to the plunger or plungers of
the pump or pumps, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. The combination, with the reservoir n, of a pump oscillating with a hollow
trunnion o in a shell or housing e, and the piston whereof is operated by suitable
mechanism, the pump communicating through the trunnion alternately with the
channel t conducting to the reservoir n, and with the channel or pipe / leading to
the surfaces to be lubricated, this communication being produced either by ports
in the trunnion, registering alternately with the channels t and l, or by valves v
and w, substantially as described.