AN IMPROVED METHOD OR MANNER OF BUILDING WALLS SO AS TO RENDER THEM DAMP-PROOF, AND TO INCREASE THEIR STRENGTH
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William White, of Abergavenny, in the County of
Monmouth, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OR MANNER OF
BUILDING WALLS SO AS TO RENDER THEM DAMP-PROOF, AND TO INCREASE
THEIR STRENGTH."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William White at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st September 1881.
WILLIAM WHITE, of Abergavenny, in the County of Monmouth. AN IMPROVED
METHOD OR MANNER OF BUILDING WALLS SO AS TO RENDER THEM DAMP-PROOF,
AND TO INCREASE THEIR STRENGTH."
*
The object of my Invention is to build walls in such a manner as to render them
proof against damp, and increase their strength without increasing the quantity
of the material of which they are constructed. This method also renders them
non-conducting. With this object I build the walls in two thicknesses with a
small space between them, say, of half an inch or thereabouts, that is to say, the
wall is a double wall with a vacant space inside. As this double wall is being
built up, I pour a composition into this vacant space. This composition is made of
asphalte, pitch, and sand, in the following manner :-About 2 cwt. of asphalte and
9 lbs. of pitch are boiled together over a strong fire for two hours or thereabouts,
after the expiration of this time I add about 90 lbs. of fine sand and 4 lbs. of pitch.
The whole mixture is then boiled for a further period of one hour or thereabouts,
and well stirred together. The composition so made is poured in a liquid state
into the space inside the double wall and renders it perfectly damp-proof, and by
binding the two thicknesses together increases the strength. The wall also
possesses in a bigh degree the quality of non-conductivity. In order to still further
increase the strength, I may build iron cramps into the wall at any convenient*
distance from one another. This method or manner of building may be applied to
brick, stone, or any other walls.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William White in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th March
1882.
"AN IMPROVED
WILLIAM WHITE, of Abergavenny, in the County of Monmouth.
METHOD OR MANNER OF BUILDING WALLS SO AS TO RENDER THEM DAMP-PROOF,
AND TO INCREASE THEIR STRENGTH."
The objects of my Invention are to build walls in such a manner as to render
them proof against damp, and increase their strength without increasing to any
great extent the quantity of the material of which they are composed or con-
structed. At the same time my method gives them also in a high degree the
quality or property of non-conductivity. With these objects I build the wall in
two thicknesses with a small space between, say, of half an inch or thereabouts,
that is to say, the wall is a double wall with a vacant space inside. But though
for ordinary purposes I consider a space of half an inch or thereabouts, as aforesaid,
sufficient for my purposes I do not limit myself to the said space, and I can on
suitable occasions increase or decrease the breadth of the said space as much as I
-deem expedient. As this double wall, as aforesaid, is being built up, I pour a
composition into the space between the two walls hereinbeforo-described. This
composition is made in the following manner :-Two and a half hundred weight of
asphalte, thirteen pounds of pitch, and ninety pounds of sharp sand or clean ashes
or clinkers are ground together in any suitable mill under a heavy pressure until
the whole mass is well mixed and brought into the condition or state of a fine
powder. I then add to this powdered mass nine pounds of pitch, and the whole is
heated and boiled in a suitable vessel over a strong fire for a period of two hours,
being well stirred together during the said time. After the expiration of this time
I add to the boiling composition six pounds of pitch, and the whole mixture
is boiled for a further period of one hour, being all the time well stirred
together. The quantities of the several ingredients of this composition and the
proportions in which they are mixed together, and the times or durations of the
different processes in making the same, herein before mentioned, are for ordinary
purposes those that I consider the best, but I do not limit myself to the exact
quantities and proportions aforesaid, for they may be to some small degree altered or
varied, nor do I limit myself to the exact times mentioned, for these also may be
altered having regard to the condition of the fire or the quantity of the composition
being boiled. This composition, made as aforesaid, is poured in a liquid state into
the space between the two walls, or inside the double wall, hereinbefore mentioned,
and renders the wall damp-proof, and by binding the two thicknesses together
increases the strength of the same. The composition also renders the wall non-
conducting. In order to still further increase the strength, I may build iron cramps
of any convenient shape and size into the wall at any requisite distance apart
from one another. In this case these cramps would be built into the wall before
the composition was poured in. This method or manner of building walls, herein-
before described, may be applied to brick, stone, concrete, or any other walls.
Having thus particularly described my Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, I claim as my Invention which is protected by the bereinbefore
in part recited Letters Patent,-
-
1. The method or manner of building walls, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
2. The composition made as aforesaid and the manner of using and applying the

page_text: same in the building of walls, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described.
3. The application of the method or manner of building bereinbefore described,
to walls of every description.
In witness whereof, I, the said William White, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty sixth day of February, in the year of Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
WILLIAM WHITE. (L.S.)