Improvements in the Arrangement or Construction of Means or Apparatus for Use in Effecting the Warming and VentilatingPARTMENT
Year: 1884

page_text: Improvements in the Arrangement or Construction of Means or
Apparatus for Use in Effecting the Warming and Ventilating
I SAMUEL REEVE of N° 18 Little Marylebone Street in the County of Middlesex
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARRANGEMENT OR CONSTRUCTION OF MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR USE IN EFFECTING
THE WARMING AND VENTILATING OF APARTMENTS AND OTHER PLACES, to be as
follows:-
The object of the invention is to effect the more efficient warming and
ventilating of apartments and other places, with economy of the fuel employed
and with the better prevention or consumption of smoke in combustion of the fuel
in the fireplace.
The principal features of my improved heating and ventilating apparatus are
the fire place which is formed of suitable form and design for holding the fuel
during combustion; a box, or chamber behind the chamber for the fuel, for the
purpose of holding asbestos or other suitable refractory material capable of being
rendered incandescent for the purpose of burning the gases or smoke passed
through it; a hood or intercepting channel capable of being adjusted in its position
in the course of the flue, to intercept wholly or in part or otherwise leave free, the
passage of smoke from the fuel, with the other products of combustion, and deflect
them at will through the heated material in the said rear chamber; a channel or
channels from the lower space below or behind the fire to the flue above or beyond
the fire place for their conduct away to the air; and a channel or channels of fresh
or cold air to below or behind the fire place.
This principle of construction according to my invention admits of considerable
variation in arrangement dependent on the size of the fireplace suited to the place
to be warmed and ventilated and whether the stove already in existence is to be
reconstructed or modified to my improvements, or a new one substituted, or the
conditions of the situation generally.
A convenient method of arrangement generally adapted to the modification of
existing fireplaces to my improved construction is to remove the back of grate and
to encase the sides and bottom with fire clay (if not already so provided); then to
the rear of the fuel space I apply a body of asbestos or other refractory substance
that can be maintained at a red heat, so as to close the flue passage except by
passage through that heated material, after the manner of a filter; then above the
fuel space I again close the flue passage by means of a hollow chamber or hood

page_text: which serves to intercept and conduct the products of combustion from the fire
through the heated material referred to; thence these products of combustion
rendered less noxious by their passage therethrough pass, mixed with incoming air,
from below the fireplace by suitable channels in the sides or other parts to above
the fireplace into the flue and pass away.
The asbestos, or its equivalent, is retained in position by means of a grating or
openwork division or divisions.
This asbestos mass prevents the heat passing away up the flue or chimney
and causes the heat of the burning fuel to be radiated back into the chamber
or room.
On first lighting the fuel and until sufficiently alight the hood or hollow
intercepting channel may be drawn or pushed from over the flue passage so as to
give direct vent to the products of combustion and be afterwards replaced partially
and then entirely as desired.
For larger sized fire places and where the situation is not hampered by existing
arrangements requiring to be utilized I find it convenient to somewhat modify the
foregoing construction, so as to bring the burning fuel well forward and I arrange
the intercepting hood or hollow chamber or channel so as to return the ascending
products of combustion behind the fireplace and through the mass of incandescent
material, such as asbestos, located in rear of the fuel to the hottest portion of the
burning fuel below and thence to cause the resultant purified gases to flow by a
suitable channel to a chamber below where mixing with air supplied from without
those gases pass by side or enclosed channels to the flue above or beyond the fire
place for delivery into the atmosphere deprived of their noxious or denser particles.
The intercepting channel is removable for facilitating first lighting of the fuel.
For smaller arrangements of heating and ventilating apparatus it is convenient
in some cases to modify the construction according to my invention by forming the
hood or deflecting removable part above the fire in a somewhat simpler manner
and yet to ensure the products of combustion passing through similar mass of
incandescent matter in rear of the fire, to below and past the hottest part of the
burning fuel, whence mixing with air supplied by a suitable inlet the resultant
gases pass by a channel or channels up the sides or back of the grate, stove or fire
place to the flue for dispersal into the atmosphere.
Suitable curved or other shaped plates in either arrangement may be applied to
assist the proper conduction of the currents of air, gas or products of combustion.
The surrounding parts most exposed to heat should be formed of fire clay or fire
brick material.
The upper front portion of the hood or intercepting and deflecting channel
should be lined or coated with asbestos or other suitable non conducting material.
Suitable guards or baffle plates are employed when desirable to prevent the
entrance of undesirable matters into the air channels or gas passages and to
promote circulation.
It will be found one of many advantages of this plan of construction that it
lends itself with great facility to various descriptions of ornamentation and
diversity of forms of design.
Warmed air may be supplied to the chamber to be heated and ventilation
promoted by means of openings at the sides of the stove or fireplace by which air
can pass to be warmed by the heated channels referred to and when warmed to
flow into the chamber.
Dated this seventh day of January 1884

page_text: I SAMUEL REEVE of No 18 Little Marylebone Street in the County of Middlesex
Builder do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
ARRANGEMENT OR CONSTRUCTION OF MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR USE IN EFFECTING
THE WARMING AND VENTILATING OF APARTMENTS AND OTHER PLACES and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
The object of the invention is to effect the more efficient warming and
ventilating of Apartments and other places with economy of the fuel employed
and with the better prevention or consumption of smoke in combustion of the fuel
in the fireplace.
The principal features of my improved heating and ventilating apparatus are
the fire place which is formed of suitable form and design for holding the fuel
during combustion a box or chamber behind the chamber for the fuel, for the
purpose of holding asbestos or other suitable refractory material capable of being
rendered incandescent for the purpose of burning the gases or smoke passed
through it a hood or intercepting channel capable of being adjusted in its position
in the course of the flue, to intercept wholly or in part or otherwise at times as
desired to leave free, the passage of smoke from the fuel with the other products
of combustion, and deflect them at will through the heated material in the said
rear chamber a channel or channels from the lower space below or behind the fire
to the flue above or beyond the fire-place for their conduct away to the air and a
channel or channels of fresh or cold air to below or behind the fire-place.
This principle of construction according to my invention admits of considerable
variation in arrangement dependent on the size of the fire place suited to the
place to be warmed and ventilated and whether the stove already in existence
is to be reconstructed or modified to my improvements or a new one substituted
or the conditions of the situation generally.
A convenient method of arrangement generally adapted to the modification of
existing fire places to my improved construction is to remove the back of grate
and to encase the sides and bottom with fire clay (if not already so provided) then
to the rear of the fuel space I apply a body of asbestos or other refractory substance
that can be maintained at a red heat so as to close the flue passage except by
passage through that heated material after the manner of a filter then above the
fuel space I again close the flue passage by means of a hollow chamber or hood
which serves to intercept and conduct the products of combustion from the fire
through the heated material referred to; thence these products of combustion
rendered less noxious by their passage therethrough pass, mixed with incoming
hot air from below the fire place by suitable channels in the sides or other parts
to above the fireplace into the flue and pass away.
The asbestos, or its equivalent, is retained in position by means of a grating or
openwork division or divisions.
This asbestos mass prevents the heat passing away up the flue or chimney
and causes the heat of the burning fuel to be radiated back into the chamber
or room.
On first lighting the fuel and until sufficiently alight the hood or hollow
intercepting channel may be drawn or pushed from over the flue passage so as
to give direct vent to the products of combustion and be afterwards replaced
partially and then entirely as desired.

page_text: For larger sized fire places and where the situation is not hampered by existing
arrangements requiring to be utilized I find it convenient to somewhat modify the
foregoing construction so as to bring the burning fuel well forward and I arrange
the intercepting hood or hollow chamber or channel so as to return the ascending
products of combustion behind the fire place and through the mass of incandescent
material, such as asbestos, located in rear of the fuel to the hottest portion of the
burning fuel below and thence to cause the resultant purified gases to flow by a
suitable channel to a chamber below where mixing with air supplied from without
those gases pass by side or enclosed channels to the flue above or beyond the
fire-place for delivery into the atmosphere deprived of their noxious particles.
The intercepting channel is removeable for facilitating first lighting of the fuel.
For smaller arrangements of heating and ventilating apparatus it is convenient
in some cases to modify the construction according to my invention by forming
the hood or deflecting removeable part above the fire in a somewhat simpler
manner and yet to ensure the products of combustion passing through a similar
mass of incandescent matter in rear of the fire to below and past the hottest part
of the burning fuel, whence mixing with air supplied by a suitable inlet the
resultant gases pass by a channel or channels up the sides or back of the grate
stove or fire place to the flue for dispersal into the atmosphere.
Suitable curved or other shaped plates in either arrangement may be applied to
assist the proper conduction of the currents of air gas or products of combustion.
The surrounding parts most exposed to heat should be formed of fire clay or fire
brick material.
The upper front portion of the hood or intercepting and deflecting channel
should in some cases where inuch exposed to direct heat be lined or coated with
asbestos or other suitable non-conducting material.
Suitable guards or baffle plates are employed when desirable to prevent the
entrance of undesirable matters into the air channels or gas passages and to
promote circulation.
It will be found one of many advantages of this plan of construction that it
lends itself with great facility to various description of ornamentation and
diversity of forms of design.
Warmed air may be supplied to the chamber to be heated and ventilation
promoted by means of openings at the sides of the stove or fire place by which air
can pass to be warmed by the heated channels referred to and when warmed to
flow into the chamber.
But that the nature of the invention may be the better understood I will proceed
by the aid of the accompanying drawings to describe the same more in detail.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews by a sectional view
Figure 2 by a front view partly in section and Figure 3 by a plan view an
arrangement of stove or fireplace and parts adapted for carrying my invention into
effect, either when the conditions of the situation are suitable, or the space has been
adapted specially for the purpose in an apartment.
a indicates the space for the reception of the fuel to be burned and of which
a¹ a¹ are the side checks or walls and a² the bottom all formed of fire clay. a³ are
the front bars a indicates the front of the stove facing into the apartment as as
indicates a space available for tile or other decoration as is well understood. b is
chamber or space behind the fuel space filled with asbestos or suitably refractory
heat resisting material maintainable in a highly heated condition, which material
closes the flue passage through b except through the interstices of its own substance
so that gases passing from b' above to be below that mass in the direction of the
arrows passes therethrough as through a filter.
The flue space b₁ is again closed above at 63 by a hood or closing plate which
serves to intercept the gases and products of the combustion of the fuel in a and

page_text: deflect them wholly or in part to cause them to pass through b. The closing plate
at 63 can be operated by rod band handle 63 so as to be turned or removed to open
that passage b direct to the flue b upwards as occasion may render desirable and
especially for a short period upon first lighting the fuel bs are louvres or open
partitions respectively dividing the fuel from the asbestos and the upper part of
the fire place from the flue space b' but affording ready passage to the gases and
smoke c indicates a space which may if desired be utilized to receive a pan to catch
ash from a or the division plate * dividing the space b² from c may be applied
further to the front to enlarge that chamber or space be accordingly.
The under space b² communicates with 60 610 arranged one on each side of the
central flue b¹ or one on one side only may be used, which in turn communicate
with flue space be to carry off the filtered products of combustion
d d are
perforations in the plates or walls of the tire place dome and back for escape of
such smoke as may ascend beyond the openings in the partition 68. 6" are bars to
support the asbestos.
Prominent amongst the many advantages arising from this improved arrange-
nent, or construction, of stove, or fire place, and fuel economising means are
1. Economy of the fuel employed.
2. Simplicity of construction or adaptation.
3. Consumption of smoke or its denser particles.
4. Prevention of accidental fires in the flues arising from the dense deposits of
carbon being avoided and the
5. Non liability to down blows of soot from the like causes to the detriment of
comfort and the injury of furniture and decorations.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The arrangement or adaptation of means or apparatus for use in effecting the
warming and ventilating of Apartments and other places whereby the products of
combustion from fuel consumed in the fire place as at a, are caused to pass through
a mass of heated asbestos or equivalent material, as at b before passing away to the
flue for dispersion into the atmosphere substantially as set forth.
Dated this Ch day of October 1884.
WM BROOKES & SON,
55, Chancery Lane,
Agents.