ROCK-DRILLING MACHINES
Year: 1886

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 10th day of December 1888, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
.
We, NATHAN C. POND, MARSHALL O. WEST and ERNEST SIMONS, of Port Chester,
in the county of Westchester and State of New York, U.S.A., Manufacturers of
Machinery, do hereby declare the nature of our invention in ROCK-DRILLING
MACHINES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of Rock-Drilling Machines which operate to
bore a hole into rock by successive endways thrusts of the drill, and it has for its
object, first, to provide means whereby a continuous circular motion of a hand
crank will raise the drill and permit it to drop or to be thrown downward by a
spring intermittently without any jerk or jar upon the hand crank; second, to
provide an automatic feeding device which shall feed the drill into the rock as fast
as the drill can penetrate, whether the rock be hard or soft; third, to provide
means for automatically rotating the drill in its hole; and fourth, to provide
menns whereby the legs of the muchine may be first extended in any direction to
find secure footing and then be rigidly bound in the machine to support it firmly
in any desired position. To this end my invention consists in the construction
and combination of parts forming a rock-drilling machine hereinafter described
and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which―
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my rock-drilling machine, the crank wheel being
shown in section.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the machine on the line - of figure 1.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section looking down upon the line y-y, figure 2.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the hip joint of one side leg, and
Figure 5 is a vertical section of the feed-screw-nut and its bearing.
A represents the frame comprising the two cross bars, B and C, and the two side
bars, D, rigidly secured together. E is the rear leg, forked at its upper end and
pivoted to two ears, F, of the frame, to swing fore and aft. G represents the side
legs, each of which is formed as a ball at its upper end to fit a socket in a portion
of the frame. I have here shown such sockets in the lower cross bar, C. H is a
cheek piece having a part of the socket in its lower end, a heel, H', at its upper
end to rest against the frame, and a hole between the heel and socket for a binding
screw, 1, whereby the check piece may first be loosoned to permit the leg to be set
as a brace at any desired angle and at any point of the compass, then it may be

page_text: so set.
tightened to clamp the ball rigidly, thus holding the machine firmly upon the legs
J is a carriage fitted to slide vertically upon the side ways, D, and
supporting all the working parts of the machine. K is a spindle journaled to
rotate and to slide vertically in the cross bars of the carriage, and is adapted to
carry a rock-drill, L. M is a cross head fitted at its ends to slide freely on the
side bars of the carriage, J, and connected by means of leather straps or other
flexible connection, N, with mated cranks, O. of a shaft, P, which is journaled to
revolve in the carriage. The drill spindle, K, is journaled by means of a grooved
collar, Q, to rotate in the cross head, M, and to be reciprocated longitudinally
thereby. R is a strong and elastic spring bearing between the upper cross bar of
the carriage and the cross head, M, to throw the drill downward. A heavily
weighted cross head, M, would be an equivalent of the spring, but not so effective.
S is a balance wheel journaled to revolve freely on the shaft, P, and connected
therewith by a ratchet wheel, T, fixed on the shaft, and a spring pawl, a, pivoted
to an arm of the wheel. This wheel is to be revolved in the direction of the arrow
by means of a hand crank, b, carrying with it the crank shaft, P, by means of the
pawl, a, and ratchet, T. The normal resting place of the drill is at the lower
extremity of its path. The first half revolution of the cranks, O, drawing by the
straps, N, upon the cross head, M, forces the drill spindle to its uppermost limit
against the resistance of the spring, R. The instant the cranks pass over their
dead center, they no longer resist the action of the spring, and are revolved
forward by the straps, N, ahead of the speed of the hand wheel, while the drill is
thrown violently into the rock. The pawl and ratchet connection between the
wheel, S, and the crank shaft, P, permits the said revolving of the cranks ahead of
the wheel, while the wheel revolves at an even speed, and the instant the cranks
stop, which is at a point somewhat past their lower dead center, the pawl again
engages the ratchet wheel and raises the drill for another throw. As the cranks
are thrown past their lower center, a greater arc than the hand wheel revolves
during the instant in which the drill is thrown, it will be seen that two full throws
of the drill are given by each revolution of the hand wheel, thus producing great
-efficiency by simple means. c is a ratchet wheel connected with the spindle by one
or more splines in the wheel engaging one or more spiral grooves in the spindle.
d is a spring pawl pivoted to the carriage and engaging the ratchet, c, to prevent
its revolving backward. When the spindle is being drawn up it is rotated a little
by its spiral groove engaging the ratchet which is held by the pawl. When the
spindle is thrown down the ratchet is turned forward a little, the pawl dragging
over one or more teeth. This enables the drill to take a new chip at each throw.
e is the feed screw journaled to revolve in the upper cross bar, B, of the frame and
provided with check nuts, f, whereby it may be rigidly secured in the frame.
9 is
a ratchet wheel screw threaded as a nut, upon the feed screw, and provided with a
hub which is journaled to revolve in a bearing, h, of the carriage, J. i is a set-
screw in the bearing, h, engaging an annular groove in the hub of the nut, g, with
some degree of friction to prevent the nut from turning backward, also preventing
its escape downward from the bearing, h. k is the feed lever pivoted midway to
the carriage and provided with a spring hook, l, to engage the ratchet nut, g, and
further provided with a spring, m, which acts between the carriage and the lever, k,
pushing the latter to rotate the said nut one or more teeth at a time, through the
mediation of the said hook. The lower side of the collar, Q, on the spindle is either
conical or rounded to engage an inclined plane, n, on the lower end of the feed
lever, k. The feed lever is forced by the spring, m, to rest its lower end against
the spindle with its inclined plane, n, entering diagonally the path of the collar, Q,
at a little distance above the lower end of the path. At each throw of the spindle
the lever, k, will be tilted to return the hook, l, to engage more teeth of the ratchet
nut, y, and when the spindle is next raised the collar, Q, gradually releases the
inclined end of the feed lever, permitting the spring, m, to steadily return the lever
and pull the ratchet nut around on the screw, e, thereby feeding the carriage and
drill downward. If the rock be hard, the drill will not penetrate to its full throw

page_text: at each stroke; consequently the feed lever will not be tilted to reach its full
complement of teeth on the ratchet at such times and the feed will be propor-
tionately slow. In fact, if the rock be very hard, the drill might make a dozen
throws and be completely revolved in its hole before it would actuate the feed
lever to reach a new tooth of the ratchet nut. Thus the feed is automatically
made slow or fast in proportion as the work being done by the drill is hard or casy.
p represents a hand crank removably attached as a wrench to the feed screw, e,
whereby the screw may be rapidly revolved either way while the nut, g, does not
revolve, thus quickly raising or lowering the carriage to prepare it for work.
The feed lever may connect with the ratchet nut by a push pawl, as well as by
the hook shown. The cheek piece of the ball and socket joint may be provided
with two or more screws, if found necessary, in place of the one shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. The combination, in a rock drilling machine, of legs having balls at their
upper ends; a frame having partial sockets near its lower corners to receive the
suid balls; cheek pieces, each shaped with a heel at one end to rest on the said
frame; a partial ball socket near the other end, and a binding screw fitted through
each cheek piece into the frame between the heel and the socket, substantially us
shown and described.
2. 1. The combination of the cross head, the spindle journaled therein; the
throwing spring on the spindle; the shaft having mated cranks and straps or
other flexible connections between the cross head and the said cranks, as described.
32. The combination of the spindle; its throwing spring; the cross head; the
shaft having mated cranks; flexible connections between the cranks and cross
head; a hand crank wheel loosely journaled on the shaft and a pawl and ratchet
wheel connection between the wheel and shaft, as described.
4. 3. The combination of a frame having vertical ways; a carriage fitted to slide
on the said ways; a drill spindle journaled to rotate and to slide vertically in the
said carriage; a shaft journaled across the carriage and having mated cranks; a
cross head loosely fitting the spindle, flexible connections between the cross head
and cranks; and a spring for throwing the spindle, as described.
4. The combination of the shaft having mated cranks; a balance wheel journaled
to revolve freely on the shaft; a pawl and ratchet wheel connection between the
said shaft and balance wheel; the spindle; the spring and cross head therefor and
the flexible connections between the said cross head and cranks, whereby the
spindle will be raised until the cranks pass over their dead center, then the crank
shaft will be quickly revolved ahead of the balance wheel, and finally the wheel
and shaft will be again engaged by the said pawl and ratchet wheel, as set forth.
6. 5. The combination of a frame having vertical ways; a carriage fitted to slide
on the said ways; the spindle, cross head, crank shaft and connections mounted on
the said carriage; and a screw engaging the carriage with its thread and journalod
in the frame having bearings to resist endways thrust, whereby the carriage may
bo raised or lowered, as set forth.
6. The combination of a stationary frame; a carriage fitted to slide vertically
theroon; a feed screw fitted to slide the carriage upon the frame a drill-holding
spindle and means for reciprocating it longitudinally in the carriage; a collar,
conical or rounded, on its lower side fixed to the said spindle; a feed lever pivoted
midway to the carriage and inclined diagonally into the path of the said spindle
collar; a screw nut upon the said feed screw provided circumferentially with
ratchet teeth; a hook-shaped pawl connecting the upper end of the feed lever with
the said ratchet toothed nut; and a spring impelling the lower end of the feed
levor toward the spindle, as shown and described.
7. The combination of a stationary frame; a carriage fitted to slide thereon; a
drill spindle fitted to reciprocate longitudinally in the carriage, and provided with

page_text: a collar, tapering or rounded, on its lower side; a feed lever pivoted to the carriage
and having one end inclined diagonally into the path of the said collar; and a
spring impelling the said end of the lever constantly toward the spindle, as
described.
8. The combination of a stationary frame; a carriage fitted to slide thereon; a
feeding device for the carriage; a lever to operate the feeding device, and a drill
spindle fitted to reciprocate longitudinally a given distance in the carriage, the said
spindle being provided with a collar, tapering or rounded, on its lower side, and
the said lever having one end slanted diagonally into the path of the collar near
the lower end of the said path, as described.
10. 9. The combination of a drill spindle adapted to reciprocate longitudinally and
having a collar, tapering or rounded, on its lower side, and a feed lever having an
inclined end hung diagonally into the path of the said collar, as described.
Dated this 6th day of April 1886.
Signed before me this 6th day of April 1886,
JOHN E. MARSHALL,
Notary Public.
NATHAN C. POND.
MARSHALL O. WEST.
ERNEST SIMONS.

page_text: We, NATHAN C. POND, MARSHALL O. WEST and ERNEST SIMONS, of Port Chester,
in the county of Westchester and State of New York, U.S.A., Manufacturers of
Machinery, do hereby declare the nature of our invention in ROCK-DRILLING
MACHINES, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained by the following statement :-
This invention relates to that class of Rock-Drilling Machines which operate to
bore a hole into rock by successive end ways thrusts of the drill, and it has for its
object, first, to provide means whereby a continuous circular motion of a hand
crank will raise the drill and permit it to drop or to be thrown downward by a
spring intermittently without any jerk or jar upon the hand crank; second, to
provide an automatic feeding device which shall feed the drill into the rock as fast
as the drill can penetrate, whether the rock be hard or soft; third, to provide
means for automatically rotating the drill in its hole; and fourth, to provide
means whereby the legs of the machine may be first extended in any direction to
find secure footing and then be rigidly bound in the machine to support it firmly
in any desired position. To this end my invention consists in the construction
and combination of parts forming a rock-drilling machine bereinafter described
and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a front elevation of my rock-drilling machine, the crank wheel being
shown in section.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the machine on the line - of figure 1.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section looking down upon the line y-y, figure 2.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the hip joint of one aide leg, and
Figure 5 is a vertical section of the feed-screw-nut and its bearing.
A represents the frame comprising the two cross bars, B and C, and the two side
bars, D, rigidly secured together. E is the rear leg, forked at its upper end and
pivoted to two ears, F, of the frame, to swing fore and aft. G represents the side
legs, each of which is formed as a ball at its upper end to fit a socket in a portion
of the frame. I have here shown such sockets in the lower cross bar, C. H is a
cheek piece having a part of the socket in its lower end, a heel, H', at its upper
end to rest against the frame, and a hole between the heel and socket for a binding
I, whereby the cheek piece may first be loosened to permit the leg to be set
as a brace at any desired angle and at any point of the compass, then it may bẹ
screw,

page_text: tightened to clamp the ball rigidly, thus holding the machine firmly upon the legs
BO set. J is a carriage fitted to slide vertically upon the side ways, D, and
supporting all the working parts of the machine. K is a spindle journaled to
rotate and to slide vertically in the cross bars of the carriage, and is adapted to
carry a rock-drill, L. M is a cross head fitted at its ends to slide freely on the
side bars of the carriage, J, and connected by means of leather straps or other
flexible connection, N, with mated cranks, O, of a shaft, P, which is journaled to
revolve in the carriage. The drill spindle, K, is journaled by means of a grooved
collar, Q, to rotate in the cross head, M, and to be reciprocated longitudinally
thereby. R is a strong and elastic spring bearing between the upper cross bar of
the carriage and the cross head, M, to throw the drill downward. A heavily
weighted cross head, M, would be an equivalent of the spring, but not so effective.
S is a balance wheel journaled to revolve freely on the shaft, P, and connected
therewith by a ratchet wheel, T, fixed on the shaft, and a spring pawl, a, pivoted
to an arm of the wheel. This wheel is to be revolved in the direction of the arrow
by means of a hand crank, b, carrying with it the crank shaft, P, by means of the
pawl, a, and ratchet, T. The normal resting place of the drill is at the lower
extremity of its path. The first half revolution of the cranks, O, drawing by the
straps, N, upon the cross head, M, forces the drill spindle to its uppermost limit
against the resistance of the spring, R. The instant the cranks pass over their
dead center, they no longer resist the action of the spring, and are revolved
forward by the straps, N, ahead of the speed of the hand wheel, while the drill is
thrown violently into the rock. The pawl and ratchet connection between the
wheel, S, and the crank shaft, P, permits the said revolving of the cranks ahead of
the wheel, while the wheel revolves at an even speed, and the instant the cranks
stop, which is at a point somewhat past their lower dead center, the pawl again
engages the ratchet wheel and raises the drill for another throw. As the cranks
are thrown past their lower center, a greater arc than the hand wheel revolves
during the instant in which the drill is thrown, it will be seen that two full throws
of the drill are given by each, revolution of the hand wheel, thus producing great
efficiency by simple means. c is a ratchet wheel connected with the spindle by one
or more splines in the wheel engaging one or more spiral grooves in the spindle.
d is a spring pawl pivoted to the carriage and engaging the ratchet, o, to prevent
its revolving backward. When the spindle is being drawn up it is rotated a little
by its spiral groove engaging the ratchet which is held by the pawl. When the
spindle is thrown down the ratchet is turned forward a little, the pawl dragging
over one or more teeth. This enables the drill to take a new chip at each throw.
e is the feed screw journaled to revolve in the upper cross bar, B, of the frame and
provided with check nuts, f, whereby it may be rigidly secured in the frame. g is
à ratchet wheel screw threaded as a nut, upon the feed screw, and provided with a
hub which is journaled to revolve in a bearing, h, of the carriage, J. i is a set-
screw in the bearing, h, engaging an annular groove in the hub of the nut, g, with
some degree of friction to prevent the nut from turning backward, also preventing
its escape downward from the bearing, h. k is the feed lever pivoted midway to
the carriage and provided with a spring hook, l, to engage the ratchet nut, g, and
further provided with a spring, m, which acts between the carriage and the lever, le,
pushing the latter to rotate the said nut one or more teeth at a time, through the
mediation of the said hook. The lower side of the collar, Q, on the spindle is either
conical or rounded to engage an inclined plane, n, on the lower end of the feed
lever, k. The feed lever is forced by the spring, m, to rest its lower end against
the spindle with its inclined plane, n, entering diagonally the path of the collar, Q,
at a little distance above the lower end of the path. At each throw of the spindle
the lever, k, will be tilted to return the hook, l, to engage more teeth of the ratchet
nut, g, and when the spindle is next raised the collar, Q, gradually releases the
inclined end of the feed lever, permitting the spring, m, to steadily return the lever
and pull the ratchet nut around on the screw, e, thereby feeding the carriage and
drill downward. If the rock be hard, the drill will not penetrate to its full throw

page_text: at each stroke; consequently the feed lever will not be tilted to reach its full
complement of teeth on the ratchet at such times and the feed will be propor-
tionately slow. In fact, if the rock be very hard, the drill might make a dozen
throws and be completely revolved in its hole before it would actuate the feed
lever to reach a new tooth of the ratchet nut. Thus the feed is automatically
made slow or fast in proportion as the work being done by the drill is hard or easy.
p represents a hand crank removably attached as a wrench to the feed screw, e,
whereby the screw may be rapidly revolved either way while the nut, g, does not
revolve, thus quickly raising or lowering the carriage to prepare it for work.
The feed lever may connect with the ratchet nut by a push pawl, as well as by
the hook shown. The cheek piece of the ball and socket joint may be provided
with two or more screws, if found necessary, in place of the one shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. The combination, in a rock-drilling machine, of legs having balls at their
upper ends; a frame having partial sockets near its lower corners to receive the
said balls; cheek pieces, each shaped with a heel at one end to rest on the said
frame; a partial ball socket near the other end, and a binding screw fitted through
each cheek piece into the frame between the heel and the socket, substantially as
shown and described.
2. The combination of the cross head, the spindle journaled therein; the
throwing spring on the spindle; the shaft having mated cranks and straps or
other flexible connections between the cross head and the said cranks, as described.
3. The combination of the spindle; its throwing spring; the cross head; the
abaft having mated cranks; flexible connections between the cranks and cross
head; a hand crank wheel loosely journaled on the shaft and a pawl and ratchet
wheel connection between the wheel and shaft, as described.
4. The combination of a frame having vertical ways; a carriage fitted to slide
on the said ways; a drill spindle journaled to rotate and to slide vertically in the
said carriage; a shaft journaled across the carriage and having mated cranks; a
cross head loosely fitting the spindle, flexible connections between the cross head
and cranks; and a spring for throwing the spindle, as described.
5. The combination of the shaft having mated cranks; a balance wheel journaled
to revolve freely on the shaft; a pawl and ratchet wheel connection between the
said shaft and balance wheel; the spindle; the spring and cross head therefor and
the flexible connections between the said cross head and cranks, whereby the
spindle will be raised until the cranks pass over their dead center, then the crank
shaft will be quickly revolved ahead of the balance wheel, and finally the wheel
and shaft will be again engaged by the said pawl and ratchet wheel, as set forth.
6. The combination of a frame having vertical ways; a carriage fitted to slide
on the said ways; the spindle, cross head, crank shaft and connections mounted on
the said carriage; and a screw engaging the carriage with its thread and journaled
in the frame having bearings to resist endways thrust, whereby the carriage may
be raised or lowered, as set forth.
7. The combination of a stationary frame; a carriage fitted to slide vertically
thereon; a feed screw fitted to slide the carriage upon the frame; a drill-holding
spindle and means for reciprocating it longitudinally in the carriage; a collar,
conical or rounded, on its lower side fixed to the said spindle; a feed lever pivoted
midway to the carriage and inclined diagonally into the path of the said spindle
collar; a screw nut upon the said feed screw provided circumferentially with
ratchet teeth; a hook-shaped pawl connecting the upper end of the feed lever with
the said ratchet toothed nut; and a spring impelling the lower end of the feed
lever toward the spindle, as shown and described.
8. The combination of a stationary frame; a carriage fitted to slide thereon; a
drill spindle fitted to reciprocate longitudinally in the carriage, and provided with

page_text: a collar, tapering or rounded, on its lower side; a feed lever pivoted to the carriage
and having one end inclined diagonally into the path of the said collar; and a
spring impelling the said end of the lever constantly toward the spindle, as
described.
9. The combination of a stationary frame; a carriage fitted to slide thereon; a
feeding device for the carriage; a lever to operate the feeding device, and a drill
spindle fitted to reciprocate longitudinally a given distance in the carriage, the said
spindle being provided with a collar, tapering or rounded, on its lower side, and
the said lever having one end slanted diagonally into the path of the collar near
the lower end of the said path, as described.
10. The combination of a drill spindle adapted to reciprocate longitudinally and
having a collar, tapering or rounded, on its lower side, and a feed lever having an
inclined end hung diagonally into the path of the said collar, as described.
mis on day
April 1880.
Signed before me this 6th day of April 1886,
JOHN E. MARSHALL,
Notary Public.
NATHAN C. POND.
MARSHALL O. WEST.
ERNEST SIMONS.