Improvements in Gas and other Explosive Engines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd July, 1896-Accepted, 19th Sept., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas and other Explosive Engines.
We, GEORGE GREENWOOD BLAKEY and ROBERT OXLEY BLAKEY, Machinist,
both of the United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements of gas or other explosive engines. A
description of which will be fully shown and described in the accompanying
drawings and specifications, in which :-
Fig. 1 is a sectional view through the cylinder and showing my improvements.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the same.
Fig. 3 is an end view of the same.
Fig. 4 is an end sectional view of a portion of the cylinder showing one of the
ports.
Similar figures refer to similar parts in the several views shown.
In applying our improvements, we do not confine ourselves to any particular
make or style of gas or other explosive engine therefore the one shown is sufficient
to illustrate our improvements and the advantages derived therefrom.
The cylinder 1 and heads 2 and 3 form the cylinder and is provided with the
usual piston rod 10 and piston bead 9, exhaust valves 4 and 7, air valves 6 and 8
and gas valve 5. Any suitable arrangement may be attached to operate the said
air valves 6 and 8 and the exhaust valve 4 so that they may be opened and closed
at the proper time, and a suitable explosive device is assumed to be attached to
explode the gas at the proper moment. Within the interior of the cylinder are
formed the ports 11 any number of which may be formed. Arranged loosely upon
the rackets 40 which project from the sides of the cylinder and parallel therewith
is the shaft 12 which is suitably connected to the main shaft for revolving the
same at the proper speed. Secured fast to the said shaft are the cams 13, 14 and 15.
Connected to the stem of the exhaust valve 7 is the rocker arm 16 which is pivoted
or loosely mounted upon the bracket 17 which is formed upon the cylinder, secured
fast to the opposite end of the said rocker arm is the shaft 18 which extends out a
short distance parallel with the cylinder, loosely secured within a shoulder formed
upon the said shaft is the small lifting wheel 19 which is adopted to engage with
the cam 14 for the purpose of opening the exhaust valve. Loosely arranged upon
the same shaft is the lifting wheel 21, the action of which will be explained later.
Loosely mounted or connected upon the bracket 26 is another rocker arm 25, the
upper end of which is connected to the stem of the gas valve 5 and has secured
fast to its opposite end the shaft 20 which also extends out a short distance parallel
Attached
with the cylinder and has loosely mounted thereon the lifting wheel 22.
to a suitable governor is the shifter bar 23 which has prongs formed upon each
end and which are arranged to straddle the loosely mounted wheels 21 and 22 as
shown.
The operation of the engine is as follows-The air valve 6 and gas valve 5 having
opened and admitted air and gas to the rear end of the cylinder and the piston
head 9 having traveled to the forward end of the cylinder on the first forward
stroke and upon its backward stroke to the rear end the gas and air in the said
rear end is compressed and ignited which forces the pistou forward on its second
stroke and when the said piston head is over the ports 11 the expanded air and
gas in the rear end of the cylinder escapes through the said ports into the forward

page_text: end (which in the meantime has received air from the valve 8 and heen compressed)
and the gas and air in the rear end being greater in pressure it escapes into the
forward end of the cylinder as stated and forces the piston back to the rear end
and the exhaust valve 4 opens and exhausts the balance of the expanded air and
gas within that end of the cylinder. The piston then travels on its next forward
stroke during which the cam 14 comes into contact with the wheel 19 which
operates the rocker arm 16 opening the exhaust valve 7 and exhausting the
expanded air and gas within that end of the cylinder thus preventing the retarding
of the piston. And in the meantime the governor has automatically shifted the
shifter rod 23 and loosely mounted wheels 21 and 22 so that the wheel 22 (which
formally operated with the cam 13 for working the gas valve) is thrown out of
contact with the said cam thus preventing any gas being admitted to the cylinder
and at the same time bringing the wheel 21 into position with the cam 15 to
operate the exhaust valve. "The exhaust operating cams 14 and 15 continue to
operate each in their proper turn with the wheels 19 and 21 to open the exhaust
valve 7 (and revent the retarding of the piston by any remaining gas or air) until
the speed of the engine is reduced when the governor will automatically shift the
wheels and har back to their former position allowing the gas valve to operate as
before.
By properly arranging the cams upon the shaft 12 and making the cam 15 a
double one, the engine may be readily adapted to be a triple stroke one. The
operation of which would be as follows, assuming that the exhaust valve 7 has just
exhausted and the piston head being up over the ports 11 and air being admitted
from the valve 8 in the forward end of the cylinder, and on the backward stroke of
the piston to the rear end of the cylinder the exhaust valve 4 opens and exhausts.
The gas valve 5 and air valve 6 then open and admit gas and air to that end of the
cylinder and on the first forward stroke the piston compresses the air in the forward
end of the cylinder, and when the said piston comes over the ports 11 the said
compressed air escapes into the rear end where it is still more compressed by the
piston on its backward stroke the said compressed air and gas is then exploded
which forces the piston forward on its next stroke and when over the ports 11
allows the expanded air and gas to escape into the forward end of the cylinder
forcing the piston back to the rear end and the expanded air and gas which remains
in the rear end exhausts from the valve 4, and that which remains in the forward
end is exhausted from the valve 7, thus preventing the retarding of the piston.
And in the meantime the governor has automatically shifted the shifter rod to
throw into operation the wheel 21 with the double cam 15 and throwing out of
operation the gas valve mechanism until the speed of the engine is reduced when
the governor will automatically shilt the bar and wheels to their former position
allowing the gas valve mechanism to come into action as before.
It will be readily seen that the gas and exhaust vaive mechanism described is
practical and simple in its operation and construction preventing the retarding of
the piston and as stated may be arranged for a triple stroke engine as well as a
double stroke.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a gas engine, the combination of the piston and the cylinder having the
gas valve in one end, an air supply valve and an air and gas exhaust valve in each
end, and the gas and air groves formed in the cylinder, intermediately of its ends,
and conducting the gas and air from one end of said cylinder to the other end, past
said piston and within the chamber of said cylinder, substantially as set forth.
2. In combination with a cylinder as described and a revolvable shaft arranged
parallel therewith, a means of operating the gas valve, consisting of a cam arranged
upon the raid revolvable shaft, a double rocker arm pivoted or journaled to a
suitable hearing and connected at its upper extended arm to the stem of the gas

page_text: valve and provided at its lower extended arm with a projecting pin or journal, said
in or journal extending parallel with and above the said revolvable shaft and
having loosely mounted thereon a revolvable lifting wheel which is adapted to
engage with the said cam, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
3. In combination with a cylinder as described, and a revolvable shaft arranged
parallel therewith, a means of operating the exhaust valve of the forward end of
ihe cylinder consisting of two or more cams arranged upon the said shaft, a double
rocker arm pivoted or journaled to a suitable bearing and connected at its upper
extended arm to the stem of the exhaust valve, and provided at its lower extended
arm with a projecting pin or journal, said pin or journal extending parallel with and
above the said revolvable shaft and having loosely mounted thereon two revolvable
lifting wheels, one of which is adapted to engage with one of the said catns at each
revolution thereof, and the other adapted to be shifted in or out of contact with
the other cam or cams, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
4. In combination with a suitable governor and the operating mechanism of the
gas and exhaust valves, a means of automatically cutting off the gas supply and
throwing into action an extra exhaust mechanism to prevent the retarding of the
piston, consisting of a shifting bar connecting the gas and exhaust mechanism
together and arranged to be operated by the said governor, as and for the purpose
specified.
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.