IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR UNITING THE SOLES AND UPPERS OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND IN THE FASTENINGS TO BE USED THEREIN
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, of the Firm of Brandon
and Morgan-Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon,
Paris, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR UNITING
THE SOLES AND UPPERS OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND IN THE FASTENINGS TO BE
USED THEREIN."-A communication from abroad by Everett Preston
Richardson, of Lawrence, Essex County, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
Sealed the 21st December 1874, and dated the 2nd September 1874.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Morgan-Brown
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition
and Declaration, on the 2nd September 1874, pursuant to the
9th Section of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
· TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MORGAN-BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan-Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR UNITING THE SOLES AND UPPERS OF BOOTS AND SHOES, AND IN THE
FASTENINGS TO BE USED THEREIN," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant
unto me, my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters
Patent for the same, and have made solemn Declaration that it has
been communicated to me from abroad by Everett Preston Richardson,
of Lawrence, Essex County, Massachusetts, United States of America.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Morgan-Brown, do hereby
declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say) :―
This Invention for improvements in machines for uniting the soles
and
uppers of boots and shoes, and in the fastenings to be used therein,
has reference to that class of machines organized to cut from wire nail-
forming lengths, and to drive the nails to unite parts of leatherwork,
such for instance, as the soles and uppers of boots and shoes. The
present improvement relating to the method of and mechanism for
presenting the wire to the cutter and nail tube, and to the construction,
arrangement, and method of operating the nail carrier, by which the
nail to be driven is brought under the driver and over the tube or foot,
through which the nails are successively driven.
In this Invention there is used in combination with a vertically
reciprocating nail driver a nail carrier or wheel at the end of a horizontal
rock shaft turning in suitable bearings, the wheel being in the vertical
planc of the nail driver and the nail tube foot. Through this wheel
extend two diametric passages (preferably crosssing at right angles),
there being a suitable stop by which the wheel, in turning in either
direction, is arrested in position to bring one or the other of its diametric
passages into vertical line with the driver above and the tube of the
foot beneath. Upon one side of this wheel is the wire cutting or nail-
forming mechanism, preferably composed of shear blades with horizontal
or approximately horizontal cutting edges. The wire is fed horizontally
between these cutters, a nail length passing between them and entering
one of the carrier tubes, the wheel being turned (after the nail is cut),
so as to thereby bring the tube and the nail therein into upright position
(from horizontal position), in which upright position it is in line with

page_text: Another part of the Invention relates to an adjunct or combination of
devices to be used in connection with sole-nailing machines, and with
other machines in which a slide bar is used to give a blow or to work
any tool affixed to the bar. This part of the Invention is to enable a
variable movement of the bar to be made, the extent of movement to
vary in accordance with the varying position of the surface against which
the bar or its tool is to work. This part of the Invention will be par-
ticularly described as an adjunct to a sole-nailing machine. In such a
machine, or in some of such machines, the inner surface of the sole
resting upon a fixed support causes the outer surface of the sole to vary
in position vertically by reason of the unequal thickness of the sole, and
the foot of the presser bar against which the outer surface of the
sole is held is caused to correspondingly vary in a vertical position when
in contact with the sole; this varying position of the presser bar foot
being used to obtain a greater or less throw of the driver or of the awl
if an awl be used. This part of the Inventions consists therefore in
making such a connection between the presser bar or its equivalent
and the tool-carrying bar as to automatically change the throw of
the said latter bar.

page_text: pivoted to a stationary fulcrum m², and to it is jointed at n the link ²;
the opposite end of said link being jointed to one end of the other link &,
at seen at o³, the other end of said link, being jointed to the bar, In
normal position the two links are in line, one being directly over the
other, and both being also in line with the tool-carrying bar. When the
link is drawn down or thrown up by movement of the lever, or
otherwise, it will be obvious that the tool bar and links move as one so
long as they keep in line. It will also be obvious that if the upper end
of the link * be started laterally the motion of the link will through out
the other link and will cause the links to open instead of affecting the
tool bar.
Extending from the presser bar c² is an arm p³ having an incline q³,
and to the link is fixed a plate having an incline 82, the two inclines
being in the same verticle plane and so arranged that the incline 8*
strikes the other incline as the tool bar moves down. The position at
which the inclines collide will of course be determined by the position
of the presser bar; and the position of the presser bar, as before
observed, is varied by the position of its foot resting upon the changing
work beneath it. When the incline & strikes the incline q² it throws
the link outward, and the downward force exerted upon the link /*
then operates to simply swing open the links k³, 12, and not to force down
the tool bar. Consequently the tool bar stops at a position predetermined
by the presser foot bar, or, in other words, at a fixed position with
relation to the surface of the work against which the tool operates. Thus
if an awl is being used it will always penetrate to a certain distance into
the stock, however irregular the surface of such stock may be, or a
driver may drive the nails so that their heads all stand uniformly with
relation to such surface, or any other tool will have its action governed
from the irregular position of the surface of the stock against which it
operates. A spring t³ may be used to bring the links into line when they
are thrown up, and the normal position of the link & may be regulated
by a set screw u³.
In using (in sole nailing machines) continuous wire for the formation
of nails to be automatically cut and driven it is a desideratum to secure
nails the points of which will clinch when they strike the metal support
upon which the inner sole rests. To insure such clinching the nails
have been variously pointed, sometimes by compressing the wire to a
V shape at each point where the nail is severed, sometimes by cutting

page_text: out a piece from each side to form such a V point, and sometimes by
cutting the wire to leave the point on one side. But so far no formation
of the point has proved fully practical for the purposo wanted. For
cither the nail point is too slim to be driven without crippling in the
leather, or before it passes through the inner sole, or it is rigid to clinch
when, having passed successfully through the soles, it strikes the metal
or metal-faced support.
To remedy these defects, or to insure a point that will always without
crippling penetrate the soles by the blow of the driver upon the nail
head, and yet will clinch by striking the metal point after its penetration,
each nail point is formed triangular, or approximately triangular in cross
section, and pyramidal or approximately pyramidal in form, with its
point on one side or substantially in the line of one side or edge of tho
nail. This construction makes a very penetrating point, or a point which
by reason of its sharp salient edges readily cleaves its way so long as it
meets material that can be practically penetrated by a nail, and yet a point
which by its slimness always turns as soon as it meets the impenetrable
metal. This part of the Invention consists in the nail cut from-con-
tinuous wire with such a point.
The Drawing represents an enlarged view of one of the nails cm-
bodying this formation.
Figure 9 shews the nail in front view; Figure 10 is a side view of it.
a³ denotes the shank, and 68 the point; c³, d³, the two faces formed
by cutting out a piece on each side to form the point, the cutting out of
such side pieces leaving a sharp central rib c and almost equally sharp
edges f, g, and bringing the point to the long, slim, angular, and
pyramidal shape shown in the Drawing, the edges and shape insuring the
penetration and subsequent clinch, as before described.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would
have it understood that what I claim is,-
1st. In conbination with the driver and nail-tube foot a horizontal
shaft carrying a nail carrier located between the driver stock and foot,
the carrier having diametric passages or pockets for alternately receiving
the nails and successively presenting them in line with the driver and
the nail-tube foot.

page_text: 2nd. The reciprocating nail carrier on a horizontal shaft, and the
cutting mechanism relatively arranged and co-operating and combined
with the driving mechanism, substantially as shown and described.
3rd. The two pairs of cutters for alternately heading and pointing the
nails, substantially as described.
4th. The process of forming and presenting the nails, consisting in
severing the wire to form two heads, and next to form two points, and
turning the successive nails in opposite directions from horizontal to
vertical position, so as to bring each nail into position to be driven with
its point downward, substantially as described.
5th. In combination with a presser bar, whose position is determined
by the position of the surface against which it presses, a tool-carrying
bar, whose throw is regulated from the presser bar, substantially as
shown and described.
6th. A wire nail having the pyramidal point with its salient hedges
e³, f, g, formed substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Second day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN. (L.S.)