Improvements in Carburettors for Explosion Engines.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carburettors for Explosion Engines.
I, VEUVE LEON LONGUEMARE, née Amélie Lechesne, of 12, Rue du Buisson,
St. Louis, Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a carburettor for effecting the intimate mixture in any
proportion of air and of any liquid hydrocarbon, mineral oil, petroleum, etc., for
the purpose of forming a combustible mixture. The liquid hydrocarbon is projected
into a rapid current of warm air in the form of very small divergent jets; the liquid is
pulverized and comes into intimate contact with the air and the mixture obtained
is agitated by passing through a series of metal gauze sheets. The mixture on
issuing from these sheets has introduced into it by a distributing cock a certain
quantity of pure air before it is admitted into the cylinder of the engine or
motor.
My carburettor comprises a liquid distributer formed with a metal cone upon the
When the cone is
surface of which are formed shallow grooves variable in number.
placed in position upon its seat the grooves form small divergent passages from
which the combustible liquid, which continuously flows into a chamber below it,
issues in the form of jets under the suction action of the motor which is exerted at
the upper part of the carburettor. Around the distributer device there is arranged
a metal jacket bell-mouthed or enlarged at its upper end and contracted or formed
with a neck at the point where the jets of liquid are formed. This jacket, which is
supported at its lower part, is formed at this part so as to permit the passage of air,
which has been warmed by the burners of the ignition device of the motor, through
an inlet pipe into the carburettor. The warm air is drawn by the suction action
of the motor into the jacket and attained a high velocity whilst passing through the
contracted part or neck of the same, the said velocity being still further accelerated
by the draught which is set up by the hydrocarbon jets. These jets are broken and
pulverized when they encounter the air current so that a very intimate mixture of
the two fluids is effected and the air is regularly carburetted. The mixture then
passes through a series of superposed wire-gauze sheets arranged close together and
is thereby agitated so that when issuing from the same its composition is thoroughly
homogeneous.
The carburetted air then passes into a delivery cock of any known kind which can
at the same time admit pure air in the same or in any other proportion. The
controlling lever of the cock moves before a graduated scale so that the proportions
of the final mixture can be quickly regulated, the said mixture then escaping
through a passage and passing to the combustion chamber of the motor.
In conjunction with my carburettor provide an automatic feed device for the
hydrocarbon. This device comprises a chamber into which the liquid is fed, the
said liquid being supplied from a reservoir. In this chamber there is arranged a ball
forming a float and mounted upon an arm of a lever controlling the up-and-down
movement of a pointed vertical rod which can open or close the inlet orifice of the
bydrocarbon into the said chamber. When the carburettor has used up a certain

page_text: quantity of liquid so that the level of the liquid has dropped in the chamber the
float forces the rod to rise whereby liquid from the feed reservoir is enabled to flow
into the chamber.
The hydrocarbon drawn through the carburettor before arriving at the distributer
passes through a series of wire-gauze sheets where it yields up all its impurities so as
to avoid the obstruction of the small passages of the said distributer.
Dated the 27th day of March 1897
Improv
I, VEUVE LEON LONGUEMARE, née Amélie Lechesne, of 12, Rue du Buisson, St.
Louis, Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to a carburettor for effecting the intimate mixture in any
proportion of air and of any liquid hydrocarbon, mineral oil, petroleum, etc., for
the purpose of forming a combustible mixture. The liquid hydrocarbon is
projected into a rapid current of warm air in the form of very small divergent jets;
the liquid is pulverized and comes into intimate contact with the air and the
mixture obtained is agitated by passing through a series of metal gauze sheets.
The mixture on issuing from these sheets has introduced into it by a distributing
cock a certain quantity of pure air before it is admitted into the cylinder of the
engine or motor.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe it by reference to
the accompanying drawing, in which :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a carburettor constructed according to
the invention.
Figure 2 shews the distributer in elevation and plan.
When
Around the
The carburettor comprises a liquid distributer a formed with a metal cone upon
the surface of which are formed shallow grooves b variable in number.
the cone is placed in position upon its seat the grooves b form small divergent
passages from which the combustible liquid, which continuously flows into a
chamber c below it, issues in the form of jets under the suction action of the
motor which is exerted at f at the upper part of the carburettor.
distributer device a there is arranged a metal jacket & bell-mouthed or enlarged
at its upper end and contracted or formed with a neck d¹ at the point where the
jets of liquid are formed. This jacket d which is supported at its lower end, is
formed at this part so as to permit the passage of air, which has been warmed by
the burners of the ignition device of the motor, through an inlet pipe g into the
carburettor. The warm air is drawn by the suction action of the motor into the
jacket d and attains a high velocity whilst passing through the contracted part or
neck d of the same, the said velocity being still further accelerated by the draught
which is set up by the hydrocarbon jets. These jets are broken and pulverized when
they encounter the air current so that a very intimate mixture of the two fluids is
effected and the air is regularly carburetted. The mixture then passes through a
series of superposed wire-gauze sheets h arranged close together and is thereby
agitated so that when issuing from the same its composition is thoroughly
homogeneous.

page_text: The carburetted air then passes into a delivery cock j of any known kind which
can at the same time admit pure air through, the inlet k in the same or in any other
proportion. The controlling lever 21 of the cock j moves before a graduated scale
so that the proportions of the final mixture can be quickly regulated, the said
mixture then escaping through a passage f and passing to the combustion chamber
of the motor.
9
In conjunction with my carburettor I provide an automatic feed device for the
hydrocarbon. This device comprises a chamber m into which the liquid is fed
through the nipple n, the said liquid being supplied from a reservoir. In this
chamber there is arranged a ball o forming a float and mounted upon an arm of a
lever pivoted at o and controlling the up-and-down movement of a pointed vertical
rod p which can open or close the inlet orifice of the hydrocarbon into the said
chamber m. When the carburettor has used up a certain quantity of liquid so that
the level of the liquid has dropped in the chamber m the float q forces: the rod p
to rise whereby liquid from the feed reservoir is enabled to flow into the chamber m.
With this arrangement, therefore, the feed takes place at a constant or practically
constant level.
The hydrocarbon drawn through the carburettor before arriving at the distributer
passes through a series of wire-gauze sheets where it yields up all its impurities so
as to avoid the obstruction of the small passages of the said distributer.
As above mentioned the number of outlets from the distributer can be varied as
desired by varying the number of passages b formed in the cone a. Furthermore,
the dimensions of the cone a and the contraction d¹ in the jacket d will be calculated
in accordance with the delivery of the distributer so that the required quantity of
air is drawn in and has the requisite velocity at the moment it meets the hydrocarbon
jets.
It will be obvious that my carburettor can be applied to all kind of motors to be
used for motor-cars or for any other purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In a carburettor for internal combustion engines or motors the combination
of a distributer having divergent passages for the hydrocarbon which issues in
divergent jets under the suction action of the motor, with an air inlet jacket
which encloses the distributer and is contracted at the part where the jets of
hydrocarbon issue, with an arrangement for purifying the gases, formed of superposed
sheets of metal gauze, and with a float device for automatically feeding the
hydrocarbon at a constant level, substantially as described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
2. In a carburettor for internal combustion engines, of the kind described in
Claim 1 a divergent jet distributer consisting of a metal cone upon the surface of
which are formed grooves, the number of which is variable and which when the cone
is placed upon its seat form small passages for the liquid hydrocarbon drawn
therethrough by the suction action of the motor, substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
3. In a carburettor for internal combustion engines, of the kind described in
Claim 1, the arrangement of a metal jacket which surrounds the distributer and
which is contracted at the outlet of the passages from the distributer in such a
manner that air which has been preliminarily heated passes into the jacket under
the suction action of the motor and acquires a considerable velocity in the contracted
portion of this jacket at the moment when it comes into contact and pulverizes
the jets of hydrocarbon, substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawing.
4. In a carburettor for internal combustion engines, of the kind described in
Claim 1, an arr angement for purifying the gaseous mixture, such arrangement
comprising a series of superposed sheets of gauze placed at a suitable distance

page_text: apart and in the path of the said gaseous mixture, substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
5. In a carburettor for internal combustion engines, of the kind described in
Claim 1, a float device which controls the up and down movement of a valve rod
arranged to open or close the inlet orifice for the hydrocarbon to the carburettor
whereby the automatic feed of the hydrocarbon is effected at a constant level,
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Dated the 23rd day of Donember 1807
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.