Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 11th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 11th Feb., 1887.
[Communicated from abroad by ROBERT HARGRAVE MARTIN, of 419, East Eighth
Street, New York, United States of America, Asbestos Manufacturer.]
1, WILLIAM FINLAYSON, of 150 West George Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be
as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to removable non-conducting and incombustible sheets
or coverings to prevent the conduction of heat and for other purposes. The sheets or
coverings may be flat or cylindrical or of other forms, and they are composed of
superimposed slivers or fleeces of asbestos fibre. In carrying out the Invention the
asbestos is not pulped as in making paper or millboard but is passed through a carding
machine and the fleece or sliver thereby formed is deposited in even layers upon an
apron or table, or is coiled upon a rotating cylinder or mandril, until a sufficient
thickness is obtained. A little water or a sizing substance, preferably an incom-
bustible substance such as a solution of silicate of soda, is uniformly applied to the
asbestos at some convenient stage between its raw condition and its deposition in layers
on the apron, table, cylinder, or mandril. No felting operation is employed but a
pressure regulated according to the density required is applied to the hat or piled
sheet, by means of a roller or in any other convenient way.
For some purposes there may be mixed with the asbestos fibre, hair, wool, mineral
wool, or other fibre, also finely divided clay, chalk, infusorial earth or the like.
The bat, sheet or covering when dried forms a flexible elastic material resembling
felt, and is of excellent non-conducting character, whilst it is capable of easy
D

page_text: application or removal and may easily be made waterproof, by any of several well
known processes.
The flat sheet may be applied to flat surfaces and can be bended) and adapted to
slightly curved or irregular surfaces. The material formed on a cylinder or mandril
may be cut longitudinally to facilitate its application to pipes or other cylindrical 5
articles.
The improved asbestos sheets or coverings may be used in combination with any
other known kind of covering either combustible or incombustible according to the
requirements of each application; and they may be used in numerous cases in which
a non-conducting and heat-resisting material is desirable. The improved sheets make
a good lining for carpets on account of their elastic character as well as on account.
of their heat-resisting property.
EDMUND HUNT,
'Applicant's Agent.

page_text: NON-COnductor of OPERWISE.
A communication from abroad by ROBERT HARGRAVE MARTIN, of 419, East Eighth
Street, New York, United States of America, Asbestos Manufacturer.
I, WILLIAM FINLAYSON of 150 West George Street, Glasgow, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to removable non-conducting and incombustible sheets
or coverings to prevent the conduction of heat and for other purposes. The sheets or
coverings may be flat or cylindrical or of other forms, and they are composed of
superimposed slivers or fleeces of asbestos fibre. In carrying out the Invention the
asbestos is not pulped as in making paper or millboard but is passed through a carding
machine and the fleece or sliver thereby formed is deposited in even layers upon an
apron or table, or is coiled upon a rotating cylinder or mandril, until a sufficient
thickness is obtained. A little water or a sizing substance, preferably an incombustible
substance such as a solution of silicate of soda, is uniformly applied to the asbestos at
some convenient stage between its raw condition and its deposition in layers on the
apron, table, cylinder, or mandril. No felting operation is employed but a pressure
regulated according to the density required is applied to the bat or piled sheet, by
means of a roller or in any other convenient way.
For some purposes there may be mixed with the asbestos fibre, hair, wool, mineral
wool, or other fibre, also finely divided clay, chalk, infusorial earth or the like.
The bat, sheet or covering when dried forms a flexible elastic material resembling
felt, and is of excellent non-conducting character, whilst it is capable of easy applica-
tion or removal and may easily be made waterproof, by any of several well known
processes.
The flat sheet may be applied to flat surfaces and can be bended and adapted to
slightly curved or irregular surfaces. The material formed on a cylinder or mandril
may be cut longitudinally to facilitate its application to pipes or other cylindrical
articles.
The improved asbestos sheets or coverings may be used in combination with any
other known kind of covering oither combustible or incombustible according to the
requirements of each application; and they may be used in numerous casos in which a
non-conducting and heat-resisting material is desirable. The improved sheets make a
good lining for carpets on account of their elastic character as well as on account of
their heat-resisting property.
The improved asbestos covering is shown on the accompanying sheet of explanatory
drawings, figure, 1, being a perspective view of the sheet as made in the flat form and
figure, 2, a cross section of the same as rolled for a pipe covering. Figure, 3, is a

page_text: cross section of the covering as formed by coiling the fleeces or slivers; and figure, 4,
is a cross section of the coiled covering as cut longitudinally to facilitate the applica-
tion of it to a pipe.
The asbestos used in making the improved covering is taken from the carding machine
in the form of a fleece or in slivers and is deposited in even layers, A, figure, 1, upon
an apron or table to any desired thickness. In this form it can be applied to flat surfaces
or it may be bended or rolled into a more or less cylindrical shape to suit curved or
irregular surfaces as shown in figure, 2. Or the fleece on leaving the carding machine
may be coiled upon a cylinder or mandril until a sufficient thickness is obtained and the
coiled sheet or cylinder (figure 3) may be cut longitudinally as shown at, B, figure, 4,
to facilitate its application to pipes or other cylindrical articles or it. may he opened out
to make a flat or curved sheet. The outer fleeces or slivers of the flat or coiled sheet,
may be saturated with size so as to form a hard and strong exterior.
The sheet may be reinforced on either side by layers of paper (combustible or incom-
bustible) or other material fastened or cemented to it, and may be so applied on the
outside as to leave a flap, C, to cover the joint made by the longitudinal cut in the
cylindrical sheets; or the sheets may be secured by ties, tacks, staples or other suitable
means and the joint may be covered with cemented strips.
Having now particularly described as ascertained the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
The improvements in manufacturing or preparing asbestos for use as a non-conductor
of heat and otherwise consisting of a sheet composed of thin fleeces or slivers of
asbestos superimposed or coiled upon each other, and constructed substantially as
herein before described.