IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BEATING AND BRUSHING CARPETS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emmanuel Berger, Upholster, and Jules Edouard
Matile, Merchant, both of Paris, in the Empire of France, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BEATING AND BRUSHING
CARPETS."
Sealed the 3rd September 1857, and dated the 13th March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emmanuel Berger and
Jules Edouard Matile, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 13th March 1857.
We, EMMANUEL BERGER, Upholster, and JULES EDOUARD MATILE, Mer-
chant, both of Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BEATING AND
BRUSHING CARPETS," to be as follows:-
We suspend the carpets in a vertical position during the action of beating
and brushing, & wind it up on a horizontal roller, which is supported by
suitable framework at a sufficient height for the purpose. The roller is some-
what longer than the widest carpet to be beaten by the machine, to afford
room for the working of the several parts; it is furnished with a web fixed
thereto, having a number of pincers or nippers which take hold of the edge of
the carpet. The carpet is wound up by the motion of the roller, communicated
by a strap and suitable pullies from the main shaft, which may be actuated by
steam or other power. The roller has also a ratchet wheel, to prevent it run-
ning back, and to sustain the weight of the carpet when thrown out of gear

page_text: with the driving strap. The upper framework or entablature sustains hori-
zontal shafts carrying rotatory brushes extending over the whole breadth of
the carpet. These brushes are disposed in pairs, one in front the other, at the
back of the carpet, and have their bearings adjustable, to permit their closer
approach or further separation to suit the thickness of carpet to be operated
on; they are driven by straps from the carpet roller overhead.
A guiding
roller is provided a little below the winding roller to keep the carpet always in
the same vertical plane.
The beating apparatus is carried by a framework mounted on rollers, and
may be traversed to and fro across the breadth of the carpet, being furnished
with a screw or rack gear for that purpose. This apparatus consists of two
upright shafts, one fixed, the other having rotary motion transmitted from
the driving shaft by bevil wheels. These shafts are supported at top by a cap,
guided in the entablature during the traverse of the beating apparatus. The
shaft by which the upright rotating shaft is driven is a continuation of the main
driving shaft, within which it slides, in the manner of a telescope, thereby to
elongate or become shorter, in order to maintain its driving communication
during the traverse & in any position of the beating apparatus.
The beating rods, of which there are several, are placed horizontally, one
above the other, and fitted in socket pieces, forming the short ends of levers,
mounted on pivots or fulera affixed to the stationary upright shaft. These
socket levers are each furnished with a spring in tension, which has a constant
tendency to press the beating rod against the carpet. The opposite end of the
beating levers are each opposed to a camb on the upright rotating shaft, which
during its rotation the cambs raise the several rods from the carpet and sud-
denly release them, when they strike the carpet with the force of the springs
before mentioned, which may be increased or diminished to regulate the force
of the blow required.
The carpet is placed in a space below the machine, and is wound up during
the operation by the roller, as before explained. If any part requires special
beating, the motion of the carpet and brushes is suspended and the beating
alone continued at the parts required.
The elongating shaft which moves with the traversing frame is furnished
with a spring ratchet clutch box, which drives the cam shaft in the one direc-
tion, but permits rotation in the opposite direction without imparting rotatory
motion to the cam shaft. In this way the carpet may be wound up and
unwound, and the operation repeated over and over again.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Emmanuel Berger and. Jules. Edouard Matile in the Great
Seal Patent Office on. the 11th September 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EMMANUEL
BERGER,. Upholster,. and JULES EDOUARD MATILE, Merchant, both of Paris,
in the Empire of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters'
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand cight hundred and fifty-seven,. in the twentieth year of Her
reign; did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Emmanuel Berger and Jules Edouard Matile, Her special licence that
we, the said Emmanuel Berger and Jules Edouard Matile, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Emmanuel Berger
and Jules Edouard Matile, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within. the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BEATING AND BRUSHING CARPETS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Emmanuel Berger and Jules
Edouard Matile, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our,.or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW. YE, that we, the said Emmanuel Berger ani Jules Edouard
Matile, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement reference being had to the Sheet'
of Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say) :-
Our Invention relates to a machine for beating and brushing carpets, the
advantages obtained by which over beating by hand, are, first, rapidity of exc-
cution; secondly, economy; thirdly, uniform and complete beating; fourthly,
complete preservation, both the weft and warp or chain threads.
The rapidity of execution depends on the number of sets of beaters, which
we can increase at will, and the number of beating rods with which each set

page_text: is furnished, each beating rod working at will with the effect of one, two, three,
four or more men. The economy of the system will be readily understood from
the fact of employing as a motive power a horse gin or any other motive power.
The beating is uniform in its effects on the carpet and complete, because
all parts of the carpet will be beaten with equal force, and that at the
dirtiest parts, such as in front of doors, of chimnies; of seats; the beating
can be continued during a greater or less length of time and more or less
energetically. The preservation of the fabric will be effected by regulating
the force of the blow according to the degree of resistance the carpet is
capable of withstanding, and the beating rods can only strike the fabric by
continuous rounded parts, so that the extremities will never effect contact so
as to tear or even damage the fibres.
The arrangement of our machine further allows the removal of the beaten
and brushed parts from the effects of the dust escaping from the part which is
being beaten.
The machine or apparatus according to our Invention is represented in the
annexed Drawing, in which Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal elevation,
Fig. 2a transverse elevation, and Fig. 3 detail, which will be explained
herein-after.
In these three Figures similar letters indicate like parts where they recur
in the several Figures.
a, a, a, a, are four cast iron or wood vertical uprights; they are in pairs
opposite each other, and the whole coupled together and fixed to the foundations
either by bolts or by any other suitable means. At the upper part they are
furnished with brackets for supporting the entablature, herein-after referred to.
b, b, are two twin girders connecting two of the pillars on each side; they are
made of iron or wood, of open or trussed work. c, c, are longitudinal and cross
ties connecting the two girders b, b, and made of the same material; d, d, bed
plank or base, having a longitudinal opening to permit the carpet to pass
through; e, space below the machine in which the carpet to be beaten is
deposited; f, traversing cradle, furnished with rollers or castors f'; g, nut
fixed to the cradle; h, adjusting screw, for traversing the cradle either to the
right or left; i, bevil pinions, giving motion to the endless screw h; j, cross
handle, for actuating the bevil wheels i; k, vertical shaft, fitted in a step
bearing, mounted on the cradle f; 1, bevil gearing, giving motion to shaft k;
m, motive shaft of wheels 1, deriving its motion from the horse gin or source
of motive power; it has a longitudinal groove m', and fits into the hollow shaft
m", in which it slides, so as to elongate or contract, and at the same time
receives and communicates the rotary motion thereof.

page_text: These two shafts m and m', which are in prolongation of each other, are
furnished with the necessary bearings, and are suitably arranged with a dis-
engaging clutch n, for suspending or transmitting the motion; this clutch
could be placed in any other position, for example, on one of the wheels 1.
o, vertical shaft, placed parallel to the shaft k; p, cap piece, connecting the
two shafts o and k; it carries a socket bearing at p¹ to receive the shaft k, and
is terminated at its upper part by a sliding piece, which moves in a groove
formed in or joined to girder b, or the girder may itself carry the slide bar,
the cap, and the groove. q, cam collars fixed on shaft k; r, collars fixed on
shaft o; each having a pivot or fulcrum carrying one of the beaters. The
whole of the mechanism described from f to r constitutes what we call the
beater. We place one or two beaters on each side of the apparatus. s, lever,
jointed or pivoted on each collar r as on an axis, and actuated by each of the
four cam teeth of collar g; it has a binding screw at s¹ (see Fig. 3) whereby
to fix the beating rod. ", spiral spring enclosed in a barrel; it gives the
return or beating motion to the stick t. The force of the blow to be struck
is regulated by the tension of the spring, and according to the power of
resistance of the fabric to be beaten. t, beating stick, curved at each
extremity, as shown in the Drawing, so that the extremities do not touch the
carpet, and thereby to avoid damaging it.
The combination of parts, consisting of the lever s and of the stick t, forms
what we will call the beating rod. On each beating shaft o any number of
beating rods are mounted; they are so arranged that the beating rods of
one beater strikes between the beating rods of the opposite beater; the
cams q, q, are also fixed so that the blows of each beating rod may follow
each other in periodical and regular succession. u, horizontal shaft or
winch barrel, placed at the top of the frames, and bearing in the plummer
blocks u', u', fixed on the ties c, c. This winch barrel u is furnished with
a web or cloth, which unrols, and the border or lower edge of this cloth
has pincers, which take hold of the carpet throughout the length of its
edge. u, ratchet for preventing web and carpet from unrolling when the
carpet hangs on it; v, pulley, transmitting motion to the shaft u, on which
it is fixed; v', fast pulley; v₁, loose pulley on driving shaft m; v, strap,
maneuvred by a hand lever; x, x, x, x, four cylinder brushes; they are
coupled, two on one side and two on the other; their horizontal distance
apart may be varied at will, being supported on moveable bearings a¹, x³¹, x³, x²,
which slide on cross bars fixed to the end frames; they are fixed in the
required positions, according to the thickness of the carpet that passes-

page_text: between them to be brushed, by means of screws a", ", or levers, or by
any other means. y, y, y, straps, transmitting motion to the rotatory
brushes. The cylinder a transmits motion to the first brush, the first brush
communicates the motion to the second, the second to the third, and, lastly,
the third to the fourth. z, carpet to be beaten; it is placed in the space d
below the machine, and the one edge attached to the cloth of cylinder u,
which is unrolled for that purpose; it is then wound up again, so as to elevate
the carpet and bring it up opposite the beaters. 2. roller which guides the
carpet in order to make it roll properly, and causes it to bang in the same
position whatever may be the thickness of carpet wound on the roller ut. This
roller is moveable ou a bracket fixed on to the frame.
Supposing everything mounted as indicated in the Drawing, the carpet is
attached by one of its edges to the pincers of the cloth, the beaters and beat-.
ing rods in their respective places, the pullies of the cylinders engaged, and
the transmitting clutch n to the beater also engaged, then if motion bo com-
municated by the motive shaft m, the carpet will be wound up and will rise at
a uniform rate of movement, and will be beaten by the beaters during its
ascent, and before being rolled up on roller u will be well brushed by the
brushes a, x, x, x. If it is observed when the carpet is unrolled that a part
is more loaded with dust than another, its ascent is stopped by disengaging
the strap", by throwing it on the loose pulley; the beater opposite the
dusty part then continues to act, but the others may be thrown out of gear.
As soon as this work is finished, the beaters which have been stopped are
again put in action, and the cylinder u put in motion, when the carpet con-
tinues to present successive parts of its surface to the action of the beaters.
The operation being terminated, the beating frame is brought towards the
end of the apparatus by the endless screw h, actuated by bevil gear i and
band gear, before mentioned, previous to the carpet being unrolled and
another prepared. In this manner the beating frame may be maneuvred to
bring it opposite different parts of the carpet while it is repeatedly wound
up and subjected to the action of the beaters.
The modifications of these movements are capable of much variation;
thus, the parts l, m, n, which drive the shaft k, may be better placed under-
neath, so as in no way to interfere with the movements of the workmen,
besides being sheltered from the clust.
This machine may also serve for beating and preparing carpets with steam.
The carpet may be beaten as before explained, and at the same time a jet of
steam caused to play across its whole surface, in a line regulated and in pro-

page_text: portion as it is beaten, and rolled upon the cylinder u; it may afterwards be
unrolled and suspended to be dried by a ventilator, as in the ordinary process.
Carpets may thus be prepared for shearing.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of perform-
ing the same, we declare that what we claim as of our Invention, to be pro-
tected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is, the mechanical
beating and brushing of carpets by the machine or apparatus herein-before
described.
And we further claim the application of the same to the treating of carpets
with steam preparatory to being cut or shorn.
In witness whereof, we, Emmanuel Beyer and Jules Edouard Matile,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
seven.
(L.S.)
E. BERGER.
JULES ED. MATILE. (L.S.)