matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING THE DRAINAGE WASTE OF CARGOES ON SHIP-BOARD
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Weild, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Marine Surveyor, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREVENTING THE DRAINAGE WASTE OF CARGOES ON SHIP-BOARD."
Sealed the 22nd August 1854, and dated the 23rd June 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Weild at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd June
1854.
I, JOHN WEILD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Marine Surveyor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PREVENTING THE DRAINAGE WASTE OP CARGOES ON SHIP-BOARD"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a system of utilising the drainage or leakage, or
preventing the actual waste, of sugar and other valuable cargoes on board
ship, by restraining any such drainage from contact with foreign matter. This
economising system is carried into practical effect by caulking or otherwiso
rendering perfectly tight the lining or ceiling of the ship, so as to prevent the
leaked matter from mixing with the bilge water; or the same thing may be

page_text: effected by arranging tanks or other receptacles for the drainage matter to flow
into. By thus arranging the vessel the leakage is kept separate from all
foreign matters, and it may be afterwards pumped up and retained unharmed
for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BAKING
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Wimmer at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th December
1854.
I, LEOPOLD WIMMER, of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, Baker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BAKING" to be
as follows:-
My improvements relate to ovens for baking bread, biscuit, &c., and consist,
first, in constructing the oven of cast-iron or wrought-iron plates in the
shape of a rather flat oval shell, convex in its upper and slightly concave in
its lower part, and in so conducting the fire by which the said shell or oven
is to be heated from the outside that it will circulate first above and next
below the oven.
Second, in so arranging the flues through which the heat is to circulate
that the temperature of the oven can be regulated according to the indications
of a thermometer.
Third, in giving the oven a sloping position, so that its bottom will rise
from the mouth to the farther end, as well as transversely, thereby enabling
the workman to watch with greater ease the state of the loaves and the
progress of the baking.
Fourth, in introducing a steam pipe into the interior of the oven through

page_text: which a jet of steam may occasionally be directed upon the surfaces of the loaves
whilst being baked, and in providing the oven with other pipes of a larger
diameter for carrying off the steam so injected, and that which is evolved from
the loaves. All these pipes to be provided with cocks or valves, to enable the
workman to open or close them as may be required. The following advantages
will result from these improvements:-
1st, the process of baking can be carried on continuously, whereby a great
saving of fuel is effected.
2nd, the loaves will be greatly improved in quality and appearance.
3rd, the process of baking can be conducted with greater ease, regularity,
and cleanliness.
A NEW EDIBLE COMPOUND
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Taverner at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th November
1854.
I, JOHN TAVERNER, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Confectioner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW EDIBLE COMPOUND"
to be as follows:-
My new compound consists of farinaceous matter, sugar, or saccharine
matter, and cacao. I take, by preference, about two-thirds of wheaten flour
and about one-third of sugar, manna, or honey, or of a mixture of these three
saccharine matters together; I add sufficient water to form a paste, and flavor
it, or not, as may be desired, with orange flower water, or other essence or
flavoring material, and then bake the paste in an oven until it becomes hard
and assumes the color of ship biscuits, so that it may readily be reduced to a
powder, into which state I reduce it by rasping, pounding, or other suitable
means; I then take cacao and bruise and pound it by any of the means
ordinarily employed, and add thereto, while being ground, the farinaceous
saccharine powder first described, in the proportion of five parts of powder to
four parts cacao, but the proportions may vary according to the taste of the
The composition may be then formed into cakes or loaves or into
powder. Again, before the mixture between the farinaceous powder and the
cacao takes place, the cacao may be boiled with a desired quantity of sugar;
the mixture being then effected, a rich powder will be formed, which will be
ready for the consumer.
consumer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO THE CUTTING, DRESSING, AND POLISHING OF STONE
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd September 1854.-A communication.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY APPLICABLE TO
THE CUTTING, DRESSING, AND POLISHING OF STONE," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to effect the several operations of cutting,
dressing, and polishing stone with greater facility and economy than heretofore.
For cutting or reducing stone according to this Invention, conical cutters,
grooved spirally and longitudinally, are employed. These cutters are mounted
in independent bracket frames, which are arranged radially and secured to a
revolving disc plate. This disc plate is keyed to a driving shaft, which is
capable of longitudinal adjustment, to bring up the cutters to the face of the
stone to be operated upon. A platform running on wheels is provided for
carrying the stone and moving it forward under the action of the cutters,
which, besides revolving round a common centre, turn (by friction of contact
with the stone) severally in their bearings. The stone is held fast to the
platform, and adjusted to the required position thereon by means of sliding
brackets, provided with clamping screws, and actuated by adjusting screws,

page_text: which turn in threaded sockets attached to the platform. When the stone has
been sufficiently reduced by the conical cutters, it is subjected to the subsequent
processes of gritting and polishing. These are effected by substantially the
same mechanism as that above indicated, the differenco being only in the
substitution for the cutters in the face plate of the rough gritter, fine gritter,
Scotch bone, and polisher, in the different stages of the process.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Armand le Comte de
Fontaine Moreau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 7th April 1854.-A communication.
I, PETER ARMAND le Comte DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English and
Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, London, and 39, Rue de
l'Echiquier, Paris, France, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER" to be as
follows-
The Invention consists in the construction of an apparatus by which
photographic paper is instantaneously obtained, and which shews visibly the
progress in coloration of the proofs, producing at the same time the degree of
heat favorable to the operation.
It is composed of pans with edges perfectly flush, resting on a plate of glass,
to allow the liquid chemical solution spread on the surface of the paper
combine with it, by absence of any intervening atmosphere, light, dust, &c.
Secondly,. of a frame with sliding door, which perfectly encloses the moistened
paper, so as to preserve it from the effects of light, though the operation takes
place in open day.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING GUTTA PERCHA INTO SHEETS follows
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Cooper Willis at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th March 1854.
I, EDWARD COOPER WILLIS, of Cambridge, in the County of Cambridge,
Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING GUTTA PERCHA INTO SHEETS
follows:-
"
The chief object of this Invention is to manufacture sheets of gutta percha
suitable for medical purposes. In the sheets of gutta percha hitherto prepared
for such purposes great tenacity has been obtained in the direction of the
grain or fibre, but when subject to strain in the opposite direction the sheets
would readily split into ribbons, and their use has consequently been aban-
doned. Now, in order to remove this objection, I take sheets of purified
gutta percha such as are now procurable in the market, and of the one eighth
of an inch (more or less) in thickness, and I subject them for a time to a bath
of heated coal tar naptha. I then remove the sheets and subject them to a
rolling operation in the direction of their length and breadth, until they are
reduced to the desired thickness. I next drive off the naptha by exposure to
the air or otherwise, and the sheets will then be ready for use. This mode
of treating gutta percha will destroy the appearance of the grain, and render

page_text: the sheets capable of resisting any tension that may be put upon it as well in
one direction as the other.
It will be obvious that sheets of gutta percha possessing the above
mentioned quality of toughness are susceptible of extensive application in
the arts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RESERVOIR PENHOLDERS AND OTHER WRITING APPARATUS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Mumby at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th October 1854.
I, GEORGE MUMBY, of 9, Hunter Street, Brunswick Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RESERVOIR PENHOLDERS AND OTHER WRITING
APPARATUS" to be as follows:-
These improvements consist, firstly, in the application of a tube, composed
of metal, glass, or any other suitable substance, of the shape required, and
which by the use of an elastic or other material is made to fit accurately to the
lower end of a quill, metal, or elastic tube, for the purpose of directing the
flow of ink to the pen whilst in use. This tube may also be made as a screw
or otherwise, having one end formed as a stopper to prevent the ink escaping.
Secondly, the application of the barrel of a quill as a reservoir for ink in '
combination with the tube above described, and the employing its elasticity to
keep up a constant supply of ink to the nip of the pen, thus enabling a person
to write for several hours without the necessity of constantly dipping in or
using an inkstand.
Thirdly, the application of an elastic substance to the inside of a metal tube,
having suitable openings made in it, and serving as a reservoir for ink, for

page_text: the purpose of supplying the pen (used in conjunction with the tube above
mentioned) with ink when required; or this tube may be altogether formed
of a suitable elastic material.
The reservoir penholder is fitted for use by dropping ink in at the lower
end of the quill or tube, (or upper, if required,) the small tube having been
previously removed. When about three parts full, fix the small reservoir tube
in its place, and make it fit perfectly tight; and by pressing the quill or elastic
tube by the forefinger or thumb, or by both, will cause the ink to flow to tho
pen when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING GASES FROM SEWAGE AND OTHER WATERS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE, AND FOR SUPPLYING OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Littleton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st December
1854.
I, THOMAS LITTLETON, of Saltash, in the County of Cornwall, Bachelor of
Medicine, and Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING GASES
FROM SEWAGE AND OTHER WATERS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE, AND FOR
SUPPLYING OF STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in separating gases from water, in which the same
are held in solution, by subjecting the fluid to the action of a vacuum, the
vaccuum being produced by the fall of water from a chamber, which is
situated at a sufficient height from the outfall of the water by its own gravity
to descend, and leaves a vacuum in the chamber. This process is particularly
applicable to the separation of gases from water which is to be used for sup-
plying steam engine boilers and condensers, and also to the separation of gases
from sewage water, and the gases when separated may be absorbed by charcoal
or other matter, and used as a manure.
AN IMPROVED BELT, BAND, OR STRAP FASTENER
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Haworth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th August
1854.
I, PETER HAWORTH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Currier
and Leather Dealer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN
IMPROVED BELT, BAND, OR STRAP FASTENER," to be as follows:-
I employ a plate of metal having secured to its back or inner side surfaces
three small bars or rods, two forming spaces for the reception of the belt, band,
or strap, and the third for the reception of a broad bent piece of metal which
forms the connecting link. Two of the bars are placed within a small distance
of the vertical edge of the plate, the other is fixed very near to the bar under
which the belt, band, or strap passes. The belt, band, or strap is brought under
both these bars, which are near together, returned over the inner bar and
under the outer; the effect of which is, that the greater the pressure on the belt,
band, or strap, the more securely is the fastener retained. The connecting link
is formed of a bent piece of broad metal plate, having a slot wherein to receive
and secure one end of the strap, the hooked end of which is passed on the
inner side of the slot, so as to prevent friction against the dress; the tongue of
the bent piece of metal is also passed between the bar and the plate so as to
present nothing but a rounded surface to the dress.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by François Durand at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd October 1854.
I, FRANÇOIS DURAND, of Paris, in the Empire of France, & of 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in certain arrangements for the application of the
magnet to machines for weaving. In the accompanying Drawing,
Figure 1 represents a plan of the frame.
"
2, cross section.
3, longitudinal section.
The same letters of reference indicate similar parts in each of the Figures.
A is the frame of the machine; B, the grooves which hold the shafts C; C
are the shafts which support the horse-shoe magnets D; D, horse-shoe magnets
which act upon the shuttles E, E; F, F, are small plates of steel fixed upon
the under side of the shuttles E, E', for the purpose of attracting them to the
horse-shoe magnets D; G, G, G, are bobbins; H are the weft threads; I, the
warp threads.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAINING PLOUGHS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Fowler at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th July 1854.
I, JOHN FOWLER the younger, of Temple Gate, in the City and County of
Bristol, Agricultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAINING PLOUGHS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in attaching to a drain plough apparatus by means
of which the coulter is progressively raised or lowered by the action of the
machine itself; and this apparatus is so arranged, that the speed with which
the coulter is raised or lowered can be regulated at will, so as to suit the incli-
nation of the ground over which the plough is travelling, and which is at all
times indicated by an apparatus attached to the machine; and to effect this
rising and falling of the coulter by the action of the machine itself, I prefer to
place on the axle of the plough a cone, which by means of a strap communi-
cates the motion to another cene, which gives motion to a pinion which works
into a rack on the back of the coulter; and according to the position in which
the band is placed on the two cones, so is the speed with which the coulter is
raised or lowered greater or less.
AN IMPROVED TEMPLATE FOR MARKING POSITIONS AND SIZES IN PLATES OF METAL
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stephen Shaw at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th November 1854.
I, STEPHEN SHAW, of Plaistow Marshes, in the County of Essex, Boiler
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
TEMPLATE FOR MARKING POSITIONS AND SIZES IN PLATES OF METAL" to be as
follows:-
My improved template is made of a sheet of zinc, or other suitable metal
or material, perforated with small holes. At each end of the perforated plate I
solder or otherwise fasten a strip of loop iron, or other suitable material, in
order to increase the strength of the template; and give it the necessary degree
of stiffness. Templates made in this manner are portable, easily applied to
the ship's side, and placed in the position which the iron plate is to occupy
when rivetted on. The position of the rivet holes are to be marked on the
template in any convenient manner, which is then to be placed on the iron
plate, and the marks on the template transferred to the plate below, the
perforations in the template affording a convenient means of doing this. The
marks on the template being rubbed off, it is again ready for use. The tem-
plates are retained in their places by slots cut therein, through which they
are secured to the plates. These templates may be made of various sizes,

page_text: agreeing with the size and shape of the plates used in the construction of
the vessel. I do not confine myself to the use of sheet metal for making
the templates, as gutta percha or similar material may be used for the
purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC TURE OF RIBBONS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Vorster at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st October
1854.
I, CHARLES VORSTER, of Cologne, in Prussia, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC
TURE OF RIBBONS" to be as follows:-
Instead of weaving the textile fabrics intended for ribbons in two or more
colors, as heretofore done, I use woven fabrics or felt in the piece, or of the
collective breadths of many ribbons, and print or otherwise provide them by
means of printing blocks, cylinders, or other convenient means with pattern or
designs in two or more colors; this being done, the goods may be further
ornamented by pressing, stamping, or punching. When the desired design has
been produced on the fabric, the latter is then cut into ribbons of a breadth
corresponding with the pattern.
The above described process is especially intended for producing cheap
ribbons in two or more colors, whether of plain or piled fabrics of silk, wool,
or cotton.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING OR SCOURING WOCL
Year: 1854

page_text: Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th July 1854.
I, JOHN PETRIE, junior, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Iron-
monger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WASHING OR SCOURING WOCL" to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the adaptation to a wool-washing or scouring
machine of apparatus which acts upon the principle of combing or opening
out the fibres by a series of teeth or prongs; in order to effect this, I employ
one or more series of fixed or moveable teeth, against which the material
arrives on its passage through the machine, and through which it is drawn or
combed by other teeth, to which a vibratory or reciprocating action is imparted.
I do not, however, confine myself to causing one portion of the apparatus to
be fixed, as motion may be communicated to both, and the required opening
of the material effected. In combination with the foregoing, I propose using
the washing machine for which Letters Patent were granted to fe in con-
junction with Samuel Taylor, bearing date the Eleventh day of January, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, or other known arrangements of
washing apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aretas Young Crosse at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th September 1854.
I, ARETAS YOUNG CROSSE, of Blackheath, in the County of Kent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BUTTONS" to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the manufacture of buttons consists in
making the upper part of the button moveable, so that different sets of buttons
varying in material and design may be readily adapted or applied to the garment,
to which the shanks of the buttons are fastened. The shank of the button is
made of a piece of metal or other suitable material into a cup-shaped or other
similar form. The lower part of the shank is perforated with holes, by which it is
fastened to the garment by sewing; on the upper part is an internal or female
screw. The top of the button is made with a male screw on the under side.
which corresponds in size with the screw of the shank. When the shanks are
sewn to the coat or other garment, the tops are screwed in; and when it is
desired to put on another set of buttons, this may be readily and quickly done
by unscrewing the tops and substituting another set of any other design or
material. In the foregoing I have described the top of the button as being

page_text: made with a male screw to fit the shank, but the arrangement may be
reversed, and the top of the button made to screw on to the projecting screw
of the shank. Instead of having the shank or lower part of the button sewn
on, I should in some cases make it in the form of a small disc or plate, having
either a male or female screw; the disc would be placed upon the under side
of the coat or other article of dress, and a small hole made at that part to
allow the screw to pass through; when the top is screwed on, the button would
be firmly attached to the fabric or material. Buttons secured in this manner
may be readily removed from one position to another. The foregoing is an
outline description of my Invention, the details of which I reserve the right to
vary, as required.
AN IMPROVED POWER LOOM FOR WEAVING HORSEHAIR AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES WHERE THE WEFT OR SHOOT IS NOT COMPOSED OF A CONTINUOUS THREAD
Year: 1854

page_text: by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Webb at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th August 1854.
I, EDWARD WEBB, of the City of Worcester, Hair Cloth Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED POWER
LOOM FOR WEAVING HORSEHAIR AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES WHERE THE WEFT
OR SHOOT IS NOT COMPOSED OF A CONTINUOUS THREAD" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain means for effecting the to and fro traverse
of the hook or shuttle of horsehair and other like looms. A horizontal guide
is provided at one side of the loom, for the purpose of sustaining the hook or
shuttle, which carries the thread into the open warp, and allowing it to slide
to and fro freely. Above this guide, at about the middle of its length, a pulley
is mounted, to receive around its periphery a band or cord, the ends of which
pass respectively over friction pulleys, mounted near the opposite ends of the
guides, and are thence conducted to the hook or shuttle, to which they are
secured. The pulley first mentioned is provided at either side with pulleys of
much smaller diameter, which are either attached to or form one with it, thus
making what may be termed a compound pulley.
A band or cord connected to the batten of the loom, and conducted over
guide pulleys (having their bearings in the framing of the loom), is attached to
opposite sides of the compound pulley, in such a manner, that the batten in its

page_text: vibrations will cause the compound pulley to revolve alternately in opposite
directions. When thus set in motion, the larger diameter of the compound
pulley will wind up such a length of the hook or shuttle cord (opposite ends of
which are wound up alternately), as will cause the traverse of the hook into
the shed, and its subsequent withdrawal after it has laid the horsehair in
the warps.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, AND IN SUBSTANCES TO BE BURNED THEREIN
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John George Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
January 1854.
I, JOHN GEORGE TAYLOR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS, AND IN SUBSTANCES TO BE BURNED THEREIN," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates, in the first place, to the production of a cheap
oleaginous fluid or composition for burning in oil lamps. It is composed of
the oil derived from the distillation of common coal, parrot coal, the boghead or
torbane mineral, or other mineral substance of that general class, mixed with
50 per cent., more or less, of melted rosin, resin, or resinous matters. This
compound furnishes a very good light for lamps at a cheap rate. It is very
well suited for burning in what are known as "moderator lamps," or other
lamps may be used. To prevent the occurrence of any disagreeable odours in
burning, as well as the tendency of the overflow to ignite, the lamp is modified
by placing an additional tube outside the burner, passing downwards and

page_text: receiving the overflow, which is thence carried by a pipe into the body of the
lamp. The top of the lamp is not left open, but is closed up by a plate of
metal or other arrangement. Bees-wax or other waxy matter may be added
instead of resin or in conjunction with it.
A MODE OF JOINING OR CONNECTING TOGETHER BLOCKS OF STONE AND OTHER BUILDING MATERIALS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nehemiah Edward Stevens at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th December 1854.
I, NEHEMIAH EDWARD STEVENS, of Tunbridge Wells, in the County of Kent,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A MODE
OF JOINING OR CONNECTING TOGETHER BLOCKS OF STONE AND OTHER BUILDING
MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in connecting blocks of stone, wood, bricks, or other
materials by means of a groove and tongue, circular, or of any other form;
and although applicable for general purposes, is specially so for arches and
culverts. I consider that by this method of forming arches centering would
be avoided, and mortar or cement would be unnecessary, except, perhaps, for
pointing the joints. The Invention is peculiarly applicable to Hutchinson's
patent indurated and impervious stone.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES bes
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Miller at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th May 1854.
I, WILLIAM MILLER, of Mussleburgh, in the County of Midlothian, N.B.,
Starch Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING FLAX, HEMP, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
be as follows:-
"
My Invention consists in dispensing with the ordinary preliminary process
of steeping or boiling the materials or articles intended to be bleached or
cleansed, or to have their colour discharged, and putting them at once into
a simple solution of chloride of lime instead of the ordinary solution of chloride
of lime and vitriol used as a secondary process.
In some cases, however, it may be necessary to apply a solution of vitriol
with cold water after the chloride of lime has been removed.
My Invention is not confined to any precise proportion of these chemical
substances or to the strength of the solutions; neither does it relate to any
particular mode of applying them to the materials or articles required to be
bleached or cleansed or to have their colour discharged.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FEEDING FUEL ON TO THE FIRE BARS OF BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Francis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st July 1854.
I, HENRY FRANCIS, of the Strand, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN FEEDING FUEL ON TO THE FIRE BARS OF
BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object better means of supplying coal to the fire
bars of a boiler or other furnace where fire bars are employed, with a view to
prevent the passing away of smoke from such furnaces; and the Invention*
consists of employing streams of air or steam in suitable tubes or passages
above the fire bars of a furnace, in such manner, that the fuel being supplied to
the tubes or passages, the blast of air or steam carries it into and distributes it
over the fire on the fire bars, by which a constant or intermittent feeding may
be obtained, and the air or steam used to force in the fuel will aid in the
combustion of the products.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING FABRICS, AND IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Chambers at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th September
1854.
I, JOHN CHAMBERS, of the City of Manchester, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING FABRICS, AND
IN MACHINERY EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in a drum or cylinder supported by
trunnions, one of which is furnished with three passages, through which the
water and steam for washing the fabrics are admitted; these passages are in
connexion with perforated pipes attached to the inner circumference of the
drum or cylinder. The mode of operation is as follows:-
The fabrics to be washed, and the water being in the drum or cylinder, the
supply of water is shut off, and the drum or cylinder set in motion by hand or
other power; steam is then turned on, and the fabrics to be washed (which
are constantly falling over as the drum revolves) are acted upon by the jets
of steam entering the drum through the passages in the trunnion and the
perforated pipes above mentioned.
Although I prefer to use three passages for the admission of the steam, a
greater or less number may be employed, but the passages in the trunnion
should be so constructed that the steam only enters the drum through the
lower passage; by this means the force of the steam serves to agitate the
fabrics to be washed.

page_text: By making the perforations in the pipes in the contrary direction to that in
which the drum revolves, the action of the steam may be made to assist in
turning the drum round. I also propose to use jets of gas underneath or
applied outside the drum, instead of steam applied inside, to warm the fabrics
and the water during the operation of washing.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF METAL ROOFING
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Hustwayte at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th September 1854.
I, BENJAMIN HUSTWAYTE, of Hockley Street, Homerton, in the County of
Middlesex, Bricklayer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF METAL ROOFING " to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to employ (in place of tiles or slates) plates
of metal for roofing houses and other erections, in such a manner that the
variations in atmospheric temperature will not cause the metal to buckle or
crack, as is now the case with zinc roofs. In attaining this object I use zinc
or galvanized iron plates, by preference of the size of ordinary slates, and
these plates I secure to the battens or the boards of the roof by means of
copper or galvanized iron screws or nails, passing these fastenings through the
"heads" only of the plates. By this means I allow for the free contraction
and expansion of the metal, and by placing the plates so that they break joint,
I at the same time form a good water-tight roofing.
THE IMITATING AND ORNAMENTING OF WOOD BY MEANS OF A NEW PROCESS, CONSISTING OF A PASTE TO BE APPLIED TO FURNITURE GENERALLY, PANNELINGS EITHER FOR THE INTERIOR DECORATION OF HOUSES OR SHIPS, FRAMES, MOULDINGS, DOORS, AND, INDEED, ALL THAT MAY BE CONSIDERED ORNAMENTAL WOOD WORK; THIS PASTE MAY ALSO BE APPLIED UPON ZINC AND IRON IN EVERY STATE
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Désiré Vallette at the Office of
.the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th February
1854.
I, DÉSIRÉ VALLETTE, of No. 58, Torrington Square, Universal Society Office,
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE IMITATING
AND ORNAMENTING OF WOOD BY MEANS OF A NEW PROCESS, CONSISTING OF A PASTE
TO BE APPLIED TO FURNITURE GENERALLY, PANNELINGS EITHER FOR THE INTERIOR
DECORATION OF HOUSES OR SHIPS, FRAMES, MOULDINGS, DOORS, AND, INDEED, ALL THAT
MAY BE CONSIDERED ORNAMENTAL WOOD WORK; THIS PASTE MAY ALSO BE APPLIED
UPON ZINC AND IRON IN EVERY STATE," to be as follows:-
The practice of vencering furniture has long been admitted to be attended
by many inconveniences, one of the principal being its extreme liability to be
influenced by the temperature, which renders it particularly disadvantageous
for ship decorations. The process described in this Specification offers numerous
advantages which I desire to retain, by taking out a Patent for the term of
fourteen years.
This composition is capable of receiving every possible tint or colour,
mahogany, citron wood, palissander, ebony, old oak, &c., &c. It is composed
of glue (colle depeau ou de Flandres), whitening, lamp black (or almost any
sort of black), and English cement. The different colours are applied in a
paste upon the wood, and by means of a mould the form, model, or contour

page_text: desired can be easily obtained. The composition of the colours require
a special preparation. After having spread this paste on the wood, and
letting it dry, the highest perfection can be obtained by the application of a
particular sort of varnish. It is for the process above mentioned that I desire
to take a provisional protection for the delay of six months, preserving by
this present act, and from this day forward, the right of taking out a Patent
for 14 years within the delay, and after fulfilling the formalities determined by
the new law; and it is to be applied to the articles above named with the
addition of railway carriages, pianofortes, and all modelled or ornamented
wood-work.
A NEW MODE OF TREATING AND CURING VARICOSE VEINS OF THE HUMAN BODY
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Pierre Athanase Roguier at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
August 1854. A communication.
I, PIERRE ATHANASE ROGUIER, of Paris, in the Empire of France, and
of 4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW MODE OF TREATING AND
CURING VARICOSE VEINS OF THE HUMAN BODY" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and employment to varicose veins of a
mixture composed of liquid perchloride of iron (perchlorure de fer liquide),
and a maceration of the white clematis plant, made by steeping the said plant
in the said liquid perchloride of iron; and also in a new ointment, composed
of hogs-lard, perchloride of iron in a solid state, sal ammoniac, and deutoxide
of iron. The mode of operating with the above mixture and ointment for
curing varicose veins is as follows:-
The parts to be operated upon with the above mixture should first be pre-
pared for its reception by applying a blister of the ordinary kind, which should
be left on sufficiently long to raise a blister on the skin, the raised part of.
which should be removed and the flesh left bare; I then cover or bathe
such bare part several times with the above mixture, and those varicose
veins which do not require to be blistered, as above stated, I rub with the
before-mentioned ointment, which I continue to use until I effect a cure;

page_text: and I have found a single application of the above mixture, and from 15 to
18 days' use of the above ointment, 'sufficient in most instances to effect a
perfect cure. And it is this mode of treating and curing varicose veins, by
operating upon them with the said mixture and ointment, as above stated,
that constitutes this Invention.
(T
IMPROVEMENTS IN THRASHING MACHINES
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Zachariah Pettitt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th January
1854.
I, ZACHARIAH PETTITT, of Fordham, near Colchester, do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THRASHING MACHINES" to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in so forming and arranging that part of a thrashing
machine commonly known as the "concave" that the internal ribs or parts
next to the drum shall be arranged spirally or zig-zag, so as neither to be
parallel nor at right angles to the beaters of the drum.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING follows
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given
by the Act.)
uite me p
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Harrison and Elisha
Harrison at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 81st May 1854.
We, THOMAS HARRISON, Gentleman, and ELISHA HARRISON, Mechanic,
both of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
follows:-
Our Invention relates principally to the shuttle boxes of power looms, and
it is an arrangement in which the office or purpose of the "swell" and
"check strap" are combined to be performed by the same mechanism or
apparatus.
Our Invention consists in using a beam lever arranged in the side of the
shuttle box; the axis of the lever is in a vertical position, therefore its move-
ment is in an horizontal plane. That end of the lever at the entrance to the
box is shaped so as to be forced back (in like manner to the ordinary "swell"
arrangement) on the entrance of the shuttle into the box, and the other end of
the lever is shaped to form au incline for the picker to act upon. It follows,
with this arrangement, that when that end of the lever at the entrance of the
shuttle box is forced outwards the other end is brought inwards, and vice versa;
and, therefore, that on the entrance of the shuttle into the box, the incline of

page_text: the inner end of the lover will be brought to force against the picker; and
when the point of the shuttle comes against the picker it will act against the
incline of the lever, and thus press the other end of the lever firmly against the
sido of the shuttle, so that the forco with which the shuttle enters the box is
caused to act to destroy its motion, and to prevent it from leaving the shuttle
box.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STAYS OR CORSETS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th January
1854.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
STAYS OR CORSETS," communicated to me by Adolphe Georges Geresme, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, Manufacturer, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of what are known as woven
corsets, and consists in the employment of the jacquards in the loom, one of
which effects the shape or contour of the corset and the other the formation
of the double portions or slots for the introduction of the whalebones. These
slots or double portions are made simultaneously with the single parts of the
corset, and in place of being terminated in a point they are are finished square
off, and at any required length in the corset, instead of always running the
entire length, as is usually the case in woven corsets. When the corset is taken
from the loom the whalebones are inserted into these cases and the borders
are formed, thus completing the article, which contains all the elegance and
graceful contour of sewn corsets made by manual labor.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY
Year: 1854

page_text: on Jor Leuers Latent
by the Act.)
not given
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Aitken at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th April 1854.
I, JOHN AITKEN, of Douglas, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a mode of improving the action of circular saws,
so as to secure superior steadiness of working, and a higher rate of duty or
production, by placing a fly wheel upon the saw spindle. With a saw so
arranged, the momentum of the fly wheel carries round the saw at an even,
steady velocity, although the material operated upon is irregular in hardness
and solidity; various forms of fly or momentum apparatus may be used, but
the ordinary fly wheel is preferable on account of its simplicity.
IMPROVEMENTS IN METAL CASKS AND TANKS
Year: 1854

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John McGaffin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th May 1854.
I, JOHN MCGAFFIN, of Liverpool, in the County Palatine of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN METAL CASKS AND TANKS" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the manufacture of metal casks and tanks,
by the application of corrugated iron, either coated or not with zinc or other
metal, by which means greater strength and lightness may be obtained.
IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING ACCIDENTS ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Armand le Comte
de Fontaine Moreau at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 30th January 1854.
I, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF PREVENTING
ACCIDENTS ON RAILWAYS" to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in mechanical arrangements for enabling the driver of
a train to run the train off the main line on to a siding. I place on the sides
of the locomotive of every train a projecting piece, as shewn by W. Fig. 11,
of the accompanying Drawing, capable of being raised or lowered: the upright
rods supporting this piece are held in the small cylinders P, and act as pistons.

page_text: The piece W is kept in its place by the spring R; a small quantity of steam
supplied to the small cylinders P, through the conduct pipe T, is made to press
on the piston rods and lower it until it touches the arms c, d, if the driver so
directs it.
The arms c, d, Figs. 10 & 11, are fixed on the vertical moveable axis d, i,
Fig. 11, which is also provided with a short arm a, d, below the rails.
A chain a, e, X, is fastened to a similar lever X, o, the other side of the
siding line. The balance bottom lever 1 meets at 6 the rod K, K, and forces
it to move the switch A.
A similar lever joint r, also disposed for shunting, being set lower than b, is
unaffected by the piece W of the locomotive, but is met by a like projection
on the last carriage of the train, which strikes it in passing, and causes it to
draw back the chain X, c, a, replaces the switch, and leaves the line as at
first.
The Drawing annexed illustrates the means employed. Fig. 2, general view
of railway, with 2 main lines and sidings to each.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN TURNTABLES TO BE EMPLOYED ON OR IN CONNECTION WITH RAILWAYS
Year: 1854

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Irlam Ellis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th January
1854.
I, WILLIAM IRLAM ELLIS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TURNTABLES TO BE EMPLOYED ON OR IN CONNECTION WITH RAILWAYS" to
be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the employment of a fixed central post, pillar, or
stud, round or upon which the turntable is made or caused to revolve, in con-
tradistinction to the usual construction of similar turntables, wherein the post,
pillar, or central support forms part of or is attached to the upper framing or
platform of the table, and consequently revolving with it. The said turntables
may be made or caused to revolve either in connection with and by the
assistance of rollers, centre pin, or any other means or mechanical arrangement
as usually employed, or it may be made or caused to revolve simply and alone
round or upon the said fixed post, pillar, or stud, suspended and maintained at
the required height or level by means of a cap or plate having a stud or pin
projecting from its centre on the under side fitting into a recess or step in or

page_text: upon the top of the said fixed post, pillar, or stud; the said cap or plate being
attached to the framing or platform of the turntable by bolts and nuts, or any
more suitable method. The said fixed post, pillar, or stud may be supported
by or erected upon a foundation formed of masonry or any more suitable or
convenient means.