Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 11th Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 11th Jan., 1887.
We GEORGE ASHWORTH and ELIJAH ASHWORTH of the firm of Ashworth Brothers
of the Moss Brook Works, Collyhurst, Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the carding engine flats which are connected together so
as to form an endless chain as is well understood. Previously to our invention the
bars upon which the cards have been fixed have been made of cast iron and have been
liable to be broken when in use or in transit from place to place.
The object of our invention is to obviate this defect and also to obtain bars which
will be stronger as compared with their weight. To this end we make the bars of
homogenous steel or of cast steel or of a suitable quality of steel rolled to a suitable tec
or other section and if necessary pressed whilst hot between dies to render them straight
and true in form. For the attachment of the screws which pass through the eyes of
the connecting links we either roll the central web of the bar with swells suitable for
the insertion of the screws or we roll the said web with a beaded edge or with an edge
roll which will receive the screws or we form the bar with the aid of recessed rolls
which will leave greater substance of metal at the points where required or we forge
swage or press the material of the said web at the ends to obtain sufficient substance
for the reception of the screws and also for the formation of the curved slides or
surfaces upon the bars. When we form the central web to receive the screws we may
press or set up the portion of such web between the parts which receive the screws so
as to increase the depth of the web, and to reduce its thickness. Preparatory to the
formation of the curved and flat surfaces which are cut or prepared at the ends of
the bars we may press or mould the bar ends so as to obtain an increase in thickness
of the metal at certain parts or a change of sectional form so as to lessen the reduction
in thickness which would be caused by the cutting of the metal away to form the said
surfaces or we obtain the said change of form by nicking or indenting the edges of the
bars. In a modification of the foregoing methods we obtain the necessary substance
at the bar ends by attaching blocks or thicknessing pieces to the bar. These blocks
may be made of wrought iron or steel or of cast or malleable iron or of a suitable

page_text: metal and be secured by means suitable to the nature of the material or in some cases
the said blocks may be formed upon the bar by running melted metal or alloy into
moulds in which the bar is placed or which are applied to the bar. When separately
formed these blocks may be welded or pressed at a welding heat on to the bar or be
secured by riveting, bolting, screwing, brazing or soldering or by a combination of
these methods according to the nature of the material. We propose to make these
blocks to sit upon the cross web of the bar a portion of the central web at each end of
the bar being removed. One end of the block would be formed with a slot to receive
and grip the end portion of the central web. The block would be suitably formed in
other respects to furnish means for the attachment of the chain and to be provided
with the usual finished surface which slides upon the bend. Although we prefer to
make the bars of rolled steel we may use wrought iron of a suitably good quality in
the formation of the bars.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.

page_text: Improvements in the Travelling Flats of Carding Engines.
We GEORGE ASHWORTH and ELIJAH ASHWORTH of the firm of Ashworth Brotliers
of the Moss Brook Works, Collyhurst, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying drawings :-
:―
Our Invention relates to the carding engine flats which are connected together so
as to form an endless chain as is well understood. Previously to our invention the
bars upon which the cards have been fixed have been made of cast iron and have been
liable to be broken when in use or in transit from place to place.
The object of our invention is to obviate this defect and also to obtain bars which
will be stronger as compared with their weight. To this end we make the bars of
homogeneous steel or of cast steel or of a suitable quality of steel rolled to a suitable
tee or other section and if necessary pressed whilst hot between dies to render them
straight and true in form. In some cases the bars are pressed or set up and worked
to increase the substance of the metal in places and to convert the ends of the bars
into forms suitable to their intended uses as will be hereinafter indicated. In some.
cases we obtain the necessary substance at the bar ends by attaching blocks or thick-
nessing pieces to the bar. The manner in which we propose to carry our invention
into effect can be best described so as to be clearly understood with reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings. In the said drawings Figs. 1 and 3 represent two.
of the sections which we may adopt. In Fig. 1 the central web of the bar is rolled
with a bead or roll upon its edge so as to obtain sufficient thickness for the screws)
which pass through the eyes of the connecting links. Fig. 2 is a side view of a short
length of bar of this section. In this example the bead extends throughout the length
of the bar but this may be varied by forming swells at suitable intervals upon the bar-
by the use of spaced rolls. In Fig. 3 the central web is made thick enough to receive
the screws.
When the bar has been rolled with the aid of recessed rolls so as to leave
the metal of a greater substance at intervals in the bar we in some cases shape the
ends of the bar out of such increased substance by pressing swaging or otherwise
reducing or converting such substance to the required formation so as to obtain
sufficient substance for the reception of the screws and also for the formation of the
curved surfaces which are prepared to slide upon the bends or curved guide rails as is
well understood. Fig. 4 is an illustration of a bar so treated. Figs. 5 and 6 represent
a cross section and a side view of a portion of a bar which has been produced with the
aid of recessed rolls as aforesaid. In this example the central web c of the, bar is
reduced in depth at intervals and at the places where so reduced a swell or roll or an
increase in substance is produced as clearly indicated at a in the drawings. These
changes in the formation of the bar are caused to occur at such distances apart in the
long bar as that when the said bar is sawn or cut up into lengths by cuts taken at thic
centres of the patches of. increased substance as indicated by the dotted line shorter
bars of a suitable length for the intended purpose are obtained. These bars if not

page_text: finished in shape by the rolls may be reduced or converted to the required forms by
pressing forging cutting or otherwise according to the section of the bar as produced
by the rolling process or according to the shape which the finished bar is to have.
By way of example the ends of the bars formed in accordance with Figs. 5 and 6 nay
have their ends pressed in dies so as to be of the form indicated in Fig. 4 or Fig. 7.
The swell or substance of metal a may be made of any form suitable to the require-
ments. We may obtain the increased substance of metal at the ends of the bar by
setting up the heated ends of the bar that is to say by hammering or pressing the ends
of the bar so as to shorten the bar and to obtain an increased thickness or substance at
the ends. By another method we may roll the bar with a central web which is thick
enough to receive the screws as in the case of Fig. 1 or 3 and subject the bar whilst
hot to pressure in or between dies so as to flatten out the portion of the central web
which extends between the thicker ends of the bar such portion being reduced in
thickness and increased in breadth. In Fig. 7 a portion of the part so flattened out
is indicated by e one of the end portions which remain of the original thickness being
represented by d. In the cases wherein the bottom flange e of the bar is not of a
thickness suitable for the formation of the aforesaid curved surfaces we may set them
up side ways by hammering or pressing or we may increase the thickness at the edges
by nicking as indicated in Fig. 8. Figs. 9 to 12 are illustrative of the method of
procedure when we obtain the desired increase of substance and change in formation
at the ends of the bars by the addition thereto of blocks or thicknessing pieces.
Fig. 9 is a side view and Fig. 10 a plan of one end of a bar. In these figs. is a
block which may be made of wrought iron or steel forged or pressed into shape or in
the case of steel may be cast or such block may be made of cast or malleable iron or
of a suitable metal. The bar has a portion of the central web cut away or removed
to the dotted line y so as to leave a flat seating for the block. The latter is slotted or
forked so as to embrace a portion of the end of the said central web. We prefer to
face or make true the surfaces of the two parts which come in contact and for this
purpose we find it convenient to employ revolving emery wheels. The block being
fitted in position as indicated in the drawing is secured by means of pins rivets or
screws. We prefer that the block shall be further secured by brazing or soldering
and if considered to be sufficient the block may be secured by the brazing or soldering
without the use of pins rivets or screws. In the cases wherein the parts are of a
welding nature they may be attached together by bringing them to a welding heat and
welding them together or they may be pressed between suitable dies in å press to
cause them to unite. In the example the bar as drawn would be of a form which we
consider to be suitable but we do not confine ourselves to any particular form.
Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate a formation similar to what was in common use prior to the
date of a former invention of ours whereby we effected a considerable reduction in the
width of the bar. In the examples the blocks are drawn of such forms as will furnish
provision for the aforesaid screws and at the same time increase the substance of the
bottom member e of the bar for the reasons hereinbefore given but if the web c be
thick enough to receive the screws and the member e he too thin the latter may alone
be strengthened by means of plates or patches welded soldered or brazed to the
parte or on the contrary if the latter he suitably thick and the web e he too thin for
the indicated purpose then the latter may be strengthened by the indicated means.
In some cases the said blocks or suitable thicknessing pieces or parts may be formed
upon the bar by running melted metal or alloy into moulds in which the bar is
placed or which are applied to the bar. Although we prefer to make the bars of
rolled steel we may use wrought iron of a suitably good quality in the formation of
the bars.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
(1) The production of the flat bars for carding engines from the materials and in
the manner substantially as set forth and indicated hereinbefore and in and by the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: (2) A carding engine flat bar made from steel or wrought iron rolled of a suitable
section and formed with ends of increased substance and of suitable formation by the
operations of rolling pressing swaging or by one or more of such operations sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth and indicated.
(3) A carding engine flat bar made by the operation of rolling and further shaped
by pressing in dies substantially as set forth and indicated.
(4) A carding engine flat bar made from a rolled iron or steel bar provided with
end blocks fittings or thicknessing pieces substantially as set forth and indicated with.
reference to Figs. 9 to 12 of the accompanying drawings.
DUTTON & FULTON,
1, St. James Square, Manchester,
Agents.