IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BOILERS FOR HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abram Seward, of Market Street, Lancaster, in the County
of Lancashire, Hot Water Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BOILERS FOR HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND
OTHER BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 20th February 1877, and dated the 18th December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abram Seward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1870.
ABRAM SEWARD, of Market Street, Lancaster, in the County of Lancashire, Hot
Water Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BOILERS FOR
HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of tube boilers for
heating conservatories and other buildings, and consists of two tubes of square or
rectangular shape in cross section, arranged at a distance apart on each of the two
sides of the fire-chamber.
The two tubes are connected by an end bend at the front, and have a series of
sockets on the upper part for the reception of segmental or curved tubes, which are
attached to a central longitudinal tube overhead, which tube forms the outflow for
the heated water through the coils or lengths of piping within the conservatory,
church, or other building in which my apparatus is placed or fitted.
Each of the segmental or curved tubes of the inside horizontal or base tube has
four webs or flanges upon it, in order that the fire and products of combustion may
play upon one of them in their travel to the back of the fire-chamber, and impart
hent thereto. The two webs at right angles to the first-named web serve as par-
titions between every two tubes of the series to prevent the passage of the products
of combustion through between them. The fourth web acts as a baffle, and takes up
the escaping heat in the return flue, which is formed between the double set of seg-
mental or curved tubes on the base tubes.
The back of the fire-chamber is formed of a series of vertical tubes attached at
their lower ends to a separate base tube, also of square or rectangular shape in cross
section, and the upper ends of the vertical tubes are attached to or are in a piece
with an arched or curved tube, which connects the end sockets of the back base
tube. One end of the back base tube is attached by a bend to the back end of the

page_text: inner longitudinal tube on each side to maintain a free circulation between the back
and the side series of tubes.
The outside base tubes on each side are deeper or longer than the base tubes of
the inner series of segmental or curved tubes, in accordance with the increased depth
occasioned by the back chamber for the return flue, and the segmental or curved
tubes of the outside base tubes are greater in number than those of the inner series
in order that the heat from the fire and the gases may become developed and utilized
as far as possible before any escape can take place by the chimney.
At about the spring of the arch of each of the inner series of segmental or curved
tubes is a horizontal web or bellied projection (hollow), which acts as a roof to the
side chambers or return flues between the two sets or series of curved tubes to
permit of the travelling heated gases giving off their activity for heating the water
therein. By this means the return flue is divided into three passages or into four
passages by arranging a partition along the top central line at the junction of the
arched tubes and the segmental or curved tubes.
The top ends of the curved tubes are fitted in sockets of an upper longitudinal
tube of rectangular shape in cross section, and all the tubes are in relation one to
the other that a constant circulation of water can take place through all of them,
one of the base tubes being connected to the inflow and the top tube to the
outflow.
The boiler arranged as above described can be set in brickwork within or outside
of the building intended to be heated by it, the fire-bars being supported by cross
bars arranged or fitted upon the inner base tubes, or in other convenient manner.
The outside series of segmental or curved tubes have only one web cach, and these
are upon the inside to act as baffle plates, and to direct the products of combustion
into the spaces between these tubes and behind thein.
The back series of vertical tubes described as being attached to the back base
plate have no webs, in order that the fire and products of combustion may pass
freely through between them after exerting their influence, which they do direct
upon them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Abram Seward in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th June
1877.
ABRAM SEWARD, of Market Street, Lancaster, in the County of Lancashire, Hot
Water Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TUBE BOILERS FOR
HEATING CONSERVATORIES AND OTHER BUILDINGS."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of tube boilers for
heating conservatories and other buildings, and for the generation of steam for
motive purposes or otherwise.
Figure 1 is an elevation of a double set of curved or arched tube arrangement of
boiler according to my Invention, with the front plate removed; Figure 2, a side
view of same.
Figure 3 is a half plan and half sectional view, the section being through the
line x, .
Figure 4 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 5 is a back end view, Figure 6
being a perspective view of the boiler set in brickwork.
Figure 7 represents a perspective view of a boiler of my patented construction
consisting of inner curved tubes only, the return flues being between the tubes and
the brickwork or setting.
In the following description the letters of reference belong to the same parts in
the several Figures.
A, B, are two tubes of square or rectangular shape in cross section, arranged at a
distance apart, forming the sides of the fire-chamber,

page_text: The two tubes A, B, are connected by an end bend C at the front, and have a
sories of sockets D, D, on the upper part for the reception of segmental or curved
tubes E, E, which are attached to a central longitudinal tube F overhead, which
tube forms the outflow for the heated water through the series or lengths of piping
within the conservatory, church, or other building in or to which my apparatus is
placed or fitted.
Each of the segmental or curved tubes E, E, of the inside horizontal or base
tube A has four webs or flanges a, a, upon it, in order that the fire and products of
combustion inay play upon them in their travel to the back of the fire-chamber, and
impart heat thereto. The two webs at right angles to the first-named web serve as
partitions b, b, between every two tubes of the series to prevent the passage of the
products of combustion through between them. The fourth web e acts as a baffle,
and takes up the escaping beat in the return flue G, which is formed between the
double set of segmental or curved tubes on the base tubes.
The back of the fire-chamber is formed of a series of vertical tubes H, H, attached
at their lower ends to a separate base tube I, also of square or rectangular shape in
cross section, and the upper ends of the vertical tubes are attached to or are in a
piece with an arched or curved tube J, which connects the end sockets of the back
base tube I. One end of the back base tube I is attached by a bend J¹ to the back
end of the inner longitudinal tube A on each side to maintain a free circulation
between the back and the side series of tubes throughout the system.
The outside base tubes B, B, on each side are deeper or longer than the side
base tubes A of the inner series of segmental or curved tubes E, E, in accordanco
with the increased depth occasioned by the back chamber for the return flue, and the
segmental or curved tubes L, L, of the outside base tubes B, B, are greater in number
than those of the inner series in order that the heat from the fire and the gases may
become developed and utilized as far as possible before any escape can take place by
the chimney.
At about the spring of the arch of each of the inner series of segmental or curved
tubes E, E, is a horizontal web or bellied projection M (hollow), which acts as a roof
to the side chambers or return flues G between the two sets or series of curved
tubes A, B, to permit of the travelling hoated gases giving off their caloric for heating
the water therein. By this means the return flue is divided into three passages or
into four passages by arranging a partition along the top central line at the junction
of the arched tubes and the segmental or curved tubes.
The top ends of the curved tubes L, L, are fitted in sockets of the upper longi-
tudinal tube F, which is of rectangular shape in cross section, and all the tubes
A, B, E, and L are in relation one to the other, that a constant circulation of water
can take place through all of them, one of the base tubes being connected to the
inflow and the top tube with the outflow, or by pipes at different levels connected to
the top or upper horizontal tube F.
The boiler arranged as above described can be set in brickwork within or outside
of the building intended to be heated by it, the fire-bars being supported by cross
bars R, R, arranged or fitted upon the inner base tubes A, A, or in other convenient
manner.
The outside series of segmental or curved tubes L, L, have only one web S each,
and these are upon the inside or flue chambers to act as baffle plates, and to direct
the products of combustion into the spaces between these tubes and behind them,
where a space N is left between them and the "setting" P.
The back series of vertical tubes H, H, described as being attached to the back
base tube I, have no side webs, in order that the fire and products of combustion
may pass freely through between them after exerting their influence, which they do
direct upon them, the flame and products of combustion licking the roof and sides of
the inner series of arched tubes on their way to the back.
The back chamber acts as a gas chamber, in which the gaseous heat becomes
developed and ready to act in its passage through the return flues, which may be at
the sides below the web plates A, and then back again through the upper flues

page_text: G³, G, should the chimney be at the back of the apparatus; or both the side and
the top flues may be return flues should the chimney be at the front of the
apparatus.
To complete the side flue roofings I cast an extended web T on the outer series of
curved tubes, which abuts or is let into the brickwork to complete the flue.
The apparatus as a boiler is enclosed in brickwork P, except at the front, which
is preferably covered by a metal casting d, in or to which doors e, c, are arranged as
furnace doors and flue doors to facilitate feeding the fire and cleansing the flues when
desired.
In constructing small tube boilers according to my Invention, I either limit the
number of inner and outer curved tubes, or I use the inner set of curved tubes only,
the webs M forming the partitions for the return flues, and these tubes can be
extended to any depth from front to back of furnace, dependent upon the number of
sockets in the side base tubes, or by the attachment of other side base tubes, as
found convenient.
The curved tubes E, E, are cach made separately, with the web M. complete, con-
sequently the ends have only to be fitted into the sockets and luted to make the
joints water-tight, an advantage particularly if the outside setting be in metal like
n hood, which can be lifted off to facilitate repairs and the removal of a faulty tube
and the replacing of a new one.
I have referred to one set of vertical pipes only at the back, but other sets may
be used in addition to the first, either in front of or behind, as desired, and these
may or may not have web flanges as baffles.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and, in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,―
Firstly. The improvements in the construction of tube boilers, as and for the
purposes herein described.
Secondly. I claim the combination of side and back base tubes with sockets, and
the attachment of curved or arched tubes thereto, and to a top horizontal socketed
tube to establish a circulation throughout the serios, whether for double series of
tubes, as in Figures 1 to 6, or for single series of tubes, as in Figure 7, as described,
and substantially as shown in the annexed Drawings.
Thirdly. I claim specially the curved tube E with hollow web projection M in
boilers for heating conservatories and other buildings, and for generating steam for
motive purposes or otherwise, said web serving as a roof to a return flue, as set
forth.
In witness whereof, J, the said Abram Seward, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred and