Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 9th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 20th Feb., 1892

page_text: g
The
Fig. 2. Between the diaphragm k and the collar i is the spiral spring! surrounding
the bolt which spring tends to keep the bolt always in the position shown in
Figs. 2 and 4. The tube a is cut out in the centre for half the depth of its
diameter (Figs. 2 and 3) at the upper side at n and it is strengthened by a bow m
having rings which encircle the tube a at both sides of the cut away part n.
two rings o are connected below by a widened and flat cup like part p (Figs. 2
and 3) and the notch n is covered in above by a lid q. (Figs. 1 and 3) which fits
exactly upon the cup p and is fastened to the tube a by means of screws (Figs. 1. 2
and 3). The tube a is further strengthened in the centre of the notch by a metal
block's welded or fixed therein. In this latter as well as in the lid is journalled
the vertical spindle ending below in the square head t which projects below the
trec. On the spindle u is keyed or otherwise fixed a horizontal disc v lying
between the blocks and lid g. The disc carries on its circumference two eyes w
diametrically opposite to one another, these being in connection with the bolts g
respectively, above described, by means of chains a
26
"
The chains each run over a vertical pulley y journalled within the tube a one
at each side of the notch n (Figs. 2 and 3). By revolving the spindle u in the
direction of the arrow (Fig. 3) the two bolts y are withdrawn from the notches c by
means of the chains and drawn into the interior of the tube a whereby the rings f
of the trace ends e suspended on the bolts g (Figs. 5 and 7) are liberated and
therefore occasion the detaching of the horses.
11
The turning of the bolt in the trees arranged on the carriage is operated from
the seat of the coachman and is shown by Figs. 5. 8 and 9. As shown by Fig. 5
the single trees a are connected to the double tree a¹ to move horizontally by means
of bolts passing through the bosses of the bows m. On the square end t of each
spindle is fixed a horizontal lever underneath each single tree a the ends of
which levers are in direct connection with the releasing device A by means of
strong cords c¹ as shown by Fig. 8. By pulling the handles m¹ n¹ (Fig. 8) the
cords c¹ are drawn and by these, the ends of the levers whereby the spindles u in
the single trees a are turned and the detaching of the horses takes place.
The cords c¹ (in order to protect them from outside influence and to ensure a
proper working, are covered or enclosed along their whole length and the ends of
the levers to which the cords c¹ are attached each pass into a slot hole f¹ in the
protecting boxes B (Figs. 5 and 6) which latter are fastened in a suitable manner
on the front underframe of the carriage for instance as shown by Fig. 5. Fig. 6
shows the box B partly open. The box has two lids which can be closed by
means of the turn button g'. In the low side wall curved on an arc of which the
fulcrum of the lever 6' is the centre is arranged the slot hole fabove named. In
the box is located a pulley which serves for guiding the cord. At the rear on
the top of the box B is a short tube . From the tubes j¹ of both boxes run strong
tubes surrounded with spiral wire which end at the releasing device A near the
box seat (Fig. 8). Each cord c¹ passes from the end of the lever in the box B
over the pulley through the tube into the tube k¹ and from the latter to the
draw rods d' and e' respectively. The arrangement of the device A may be seen
by the section in Fig. 9; it consists of the two draw rods d' and e' to the lower
ends of which are attached the respective cords c'. The draw rods are separate
one from the other, but they are guided in the necks p¹ and in a common frame
by means of plugs o¹. The draw rods d' and e¹ are provided above with handles m'
and n shaped so that either or both of them can be lifted by one hand. Pulling
the handle m' only, liberates the near side horse, pulling the handle n' the offside
horse, and upon pulling both handles, both horses become liberated at the same
time.
In order to cause an easy return of the drawn-up rods d'or el a spiral spring g¹ is
located on each which spring is fastened to the top of each frame and tensioned. by
the block o¹ of the drawn up rod so that on releasing the handles m¹ and n', the
springs automatically send the draw-rods d' and e' down again.
In order to render possible the easy and quick attaching of each trace. to the

page_text: carriage the following arrangement is made. At each end of the single tree tube a
is made a slot in front of the screwed on head (Fig. 4) from which slot projects
a pins screwed into the bolt g and movable to and fro with the bolt. This pin s¹
and the slot are covered by a frame & fastened by screws to the tube a (Figs. 14
and 5). Into said frame enters the rod ' of the handle a parallel to the bolt g.
The rod travels loosely through a suitable square hole in the pin s¹ and carries
behind the same a screw nut c¹ so that in pulling the handle in the direction of
the arrow (Fig. 4) the pin s¹ and also the bolt 9 are drawn back. The attaching
of the horse may now take place, the ring f of the trace e (as seen by Fig. 7) being
placed into the notch c and the handle u¹ released, when the bolt passes through
the ring and thus secures the trace. As the pin s' is loose on the rod v¹ the
handle u will remain steady when the horse is detached by the driver from the
box seat.
g
The method of detaching and attaching the horses to the pole head may be seen
from the construction shown in Fig. 10. The pole head consists of a metal shoe all
which is fastened to the end of the pole. This shoe a¹¹ which is closed at the end
by a cap carries at the side the pole chain or strap holders C on which are the
Ushaped bent forks c". Each of these forks c has one of the prongs longer
or projecting further than the other e¹¹. The ends of the prongs are covered by
caps these two caps being connected by a plate fastened to the cap 61 by means
of the screw button ". In the cap are fixed two flat springs which, having
a suitable opening to encircle the prongs are pressed firmly on the short
prongs e by the spiral springs j" located on the prong d" between the caps f" and
the springs
The attaching of the horse to the pole head is done by the pole strap k" which
will be attached to the fork cl by means of the ring, the spring being lifted
by hand.
It will be seen that the complete liberation of the horses from the
vehicle must take place when the same are unharnessed from the trees as the horses
will then lift the spring by running ahead and withdraw the ring " of the pole
strap. As however it may be dangerous under certain circumstances to thus
liberate the horses in a town, there are arranged on the prongs d rotating bars m"
which permit the closing of the fork el (as shown in Fig. 10 on the left) so that a
release of the pole strap " from the pole head is impossible. In country places, on
the other hand the bolt m¹ is left open (as shown by Fig. 10 on the right hand
side).
In order to provide for catching again runaway horses after detaching them from
the carriage or generally to bring them to a standstill, the automatic blinker
(Figs. 11. 12 13 and 14) is used.
The blinker has the appearance of an ordinary blinker but in the interior of the
same is a second flap which when released covers entirely the eyes of the horse,
the consequence of which is, that the horse being unable to see will become quiet.
As will be seen by Figs. 11 to 13 the new blinker consists of the outer ordinary
blinker a the edges of which are bent inwards.
Within the outer blinker is
the inner blinker The latter consists of some soft material, (felt or the like)
which is tensioned over a frame d (Figs. 11 and 13).. The frame d is attached
to the blinker all near the attachment of the latter to the head strap by passing
through two loops thereon. By a spiral spring f which is attached to the
centre of the frame d and with the ends at on the outer blinker all the
inner blinker is tensioned always to open inwards (Fig. 12). On the inner side
of the blinker a are arranged two guiding bars 911 between which moves a
slide which is provided at the one side with the loop i At the other side
with a loop to which a cord jis attached which traversing the ring arranged
at the edge of the inner side of the blinker al is fastened to the frame 1 of the
inner blinker (Fig. 12). If the slide is pulled by the ring and the
cord m³ from the position shown in Fig. 12 to that of Fig. 11, the loop of
the slide will come between the loops n of the blinker all and as the cord ju
is carried along by the slide the inner blinker c¹ Fig. 11 will be held within
111

page_text: The
the outer one a¹. A pin ol is then placed through the loops 11 and 11 so that
the slide is prevented from returning and the blinker is ready for use.
pin is attached to a cord p" which (Fig. 14) traversing a ring on the
head band and a ring on the collar is fastened to the head of the pole.
If the horse runs beyond the pole, the cord p is pulled and withdraws the
pin from the loops and when the slide 1 jumps back in the blinker and
the flap will press over the eyes of the horse. Of course the pin o may be
withdrawn in an optional manner from the box seat by means of a special cord in
order to produce the same effect.
The devices hereindescribed for detaching horses from vehicles may be used with
suitable modifications for one horse as well as 2 3. 4 or more horse carriages, with
the former instead of the traces, the shafts are attached to the underframe or the
traces and shafts are together attached thereto, according to this invention with
carriages for more than two horses the detaching device is repeated as above
described for two horse vehicles without any material change of the construction.
Dated this 13th day of March 1891.
HERBERT & Co.,
Agents to Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to the Harness of Horses and to Vehicles.
We MATHIAS ZELLERIN of Gr. Nussbaumgasse No. 20 and ALBERT
VÁSÁRHELYI of Maria-Valerie-Gasse 5, Manufacturers both of Budapest in the
Kingdom of Hungary do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to harness and its object is to facilitate the immediate
detaching of the horses from a carriage either partially by liberating the traces
only or completely in which latter case automatically acting blinkers cover the
eyes of the horses so that they will come to a standstill. The immediate liberation
of the horses from the carriage is operated from the driver's seat in such a manner
that each horse separately or all the horses together may be liberated by the sudden
loosening of the traces from the trees.
This device is principally the safe and easy instantaneous liberation of the horses
in case of their shying or running away but the same may be also used for instance
during the ordinary routine of attaching and detaching the horses to or from the
vehicle upon taking them into the stable or as frequently happens when a horse
steps over the traces or falls down.
Upon the horses shying etc. the head of the pole specially constructed permits the
complete liberation of the horses from the carriage, but as the complete liberation
of the horses within a town may be dangerous the pole head preferably used. in
towns is in the ordinary fashion and thus prevents complete liberation of the horses.
In the drawings filed with the Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a tree in perspective view.
Fig. 2 shows the same in horizontal section.
Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the centre of the tree.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the end of the tree.
Fig. 5 shows the underframe of the carriage with double tree and single trees
attached.
Fig. 6 is a detail view thereof in perspective.
Fig. 7 is a cross section on line III in Fig. 4. through the end of the tree
showing the method of fastening the end of the trace to the tree.
Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of the device for operating the detaching from the
driver's seat.
Fig. 9 is a vertical section through the said device.

page_text: Fig. 10 is a plan of the head of the pole.
Fig. 11 shows the improved blinker partly broken away to show the construction.
Fig. 12 shows the blinker when open.
Fig. 13 is a cross section through the blinker and
Fig. 14 illustrates the connection of the blinker with the head of the pole for
operating the former.
C
The detaching device is arranged for the most part within the tree which is
composed of forged iron tubes a (Figs. 1. 23 and 4) the ends of which are closed
by the caps screwed thereon. These caps bare cylindrical and provided with a
lateral notch e which serves for receiving the rings attached to the ends of the
traces as shown by Fig. 7 in cross section I-II. Below the notch the tree
tube a is closed by a diaphragm d. A bolt passes through an opening in the
diaphragm d into the notch e and penetrates a little way into a recess in the head
of the cap (Fig. 4). This bolt g is guided in the tube a by means of the flanges
or collars and on the bolt and the diaphragm k fastened by screws in said tube a
(Fig. 2). Between the diaphragm k and the collar is the spiral spring 1
surrounding the bolt g which spring tends to keep the bolt always in the position
shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The tube a is cut out in the centre for half the depth of
its diameter (Figs. 2 and 3) at the upper side at n and it is strengthened by a
bow m having rings o which encircle the tube a at both sides of the cut away
part n. The two rings o are connected below by a widened and flat cup like part p
(Figs. 2 and 3) and the notch n is covered in above by a lid 7 (Figs. 2 and 3)
which fits exactly upon the cup p and is fastened to the tube a by means of screws >>
(Figs. 1. 2 and 3).
9
The tube a is further strengthened in the centre of the notch by a metal block s
welded or fixed therein. In this latter as well as in the lid q is journalled the
vertical spindle u ending below in the square head t which projects below the tree.
On the spindle is keyed or otherwise fixed a horizontal disc lying between the
blocks and lid q. The disc carries on its circumference two eyes e diametrically
opposite to one another these being in connection with the bolts respectively
above described by means of chains . The chains. each run over a vertical
pulley y journalled within the tube a one at each side of the notch n (Figs. 2 and 3).
By revolving the spindle u in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 3) the two bolts y
are withdrawn from the notches e by means of the chains and drawn into the
interior of the tube a whereby the rings f of the trace ends e suspended on
the bolts g (Figs. 5 and 7) are liberated and therefore occasion the detaching of
the horses.
他
The turning of the bolt u in the trees arranged on the carriage is operated from
the seat of the coachman and is shown by Figs. 5. 8 and 9. As shown by Fig. 5
the single trees a are connected to the double tree a¹ to move horizontally by
means of bolts passing through the bosses of the bows m. On the square end t
of each spindle is fixed a horizontal lever underneath each single tree u, the
ends of which levers are in direct connection with the releasing device A. by means
of strong cords c¹ as shown by Fig. 8. By pulling the handles m' ' (Fig. 8) the
cords c¹ are drawn and by these the ends of the levers whereby the spindles a in
the single trees a are turned and the detaching of the horses takes place.
The cords c¹ (in order to protect them from outside influence and to ensure a
proper working) are covered or enclosed along their whole length and the ends of
the levers b' to which the cords c' are attached each pass into a slot hole ft in the
protecting boxes B. (Figs. 5 and 6) which latter are fastened in a suitable manner
on the front underframe of the carriage for instance as shown by Fig. 5.
Fig. 6 shows the box B partly open. The box has two lids which can be closed
by means of the turn button g'. In the low side wall curved on an arc of which
the fulcrum of the lever is the centre is arranged the slot hole 'above named.
In the box is located a pulley which serves for guiding the cord. At the
rear on the top of the box B is a short tube j¹. From the tubes j₁ of both boxes
run strong tubes k¹ surrounded with spiral wire which end at the releasing device A

page_text: near the box seat (Fig. 8). Each cord passes from the end of the lever in the
box B over the pulley through the tube into the tube k' and from the latter to
the draw rods d¹ and e¹ respectively. The arrangement of the device A may be
seen by the section in Fig. 9. It consists of the two draw rods d'and e¹ to the
lower ends of which are attached the respective cords c'. The draw rods are
separate one from the other but they are guided in the necks and in a common
frame, by means of the plugs o'. The draw rods d and e¹ are provided above
with handles m' and n¹ shaped so that either or both of them can be lifted by
one hand. Pulling the handle m¹ only, liberates the near side horse. Pulling
the handle n¹ the off side horse and upon pulling both handles both horses become
liberated at the same time.
In order to cause an easy return of the drawn up rods d' or e' a spiral spring g
is located on each, which spring is fastened to the top of each frame and tensioned
by the block o' of the drawn up rod so that on releasing the handles m' and ' the
springs automatically send the draw rods d' and e' down again.
\
In order to render possible the easy and quick attaching of each trace to the
carriage the following arrangement is made. At each end of the single tree
tube a is made a slot in front of the screwed on head 6 (Fig. 4) from which slot
projects a pin s' screwed into the bolt g and movable to and fro with the bolt.
This pin and the slot rare covered by a frame fastened by screws to the
tube a Figs. 1. 4 and 5. Into said frame enters the rod v' of the handle u¹ parallel
to the bolt g. The rod travels loosely through a suitable square hole in the
pins and carries behind the same a screw nut so that in pulling the handle u
in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 4) the pin s' and also the bolt g are drawn back.
The attaching of the horse may now take place, the ring of the trace e (as seen
by Fig. 7) being placed into the notch and the handle u released, when the boltig
passes through the ring and thus secures the trace. As the pin is loose on the
rod the handle u' will remain steady when the horse is detached by the driver
from the box seat.
The method of detaching and attaching the horses to the pole head may be seen
from the construction shown in Fig. 10. The pole head consists of a metal shoe a¹
which is fastened to the end of the pole. This shoe a" which is closed at the end
by a cap carries at the side the pole chain or strap holders C on which are the
U shaped bent forks c". Each of these forks e" has one of the prongs d¹¹ longer
or projecting further than the other e". The ends of the prongs are covered
by caps, these two caps being connected by a plate fastened to the
by
means of the screw button 11. In the cap " are fixed two flat springs which
having a suitable opening to encircle the prongs d¹ are pressed firmly on the short
prongs e by the spiral springs " located on the prong d" between the caps f
and the springs i".
11
cap
The attaching of the horse to the pole head is done by the pole strap which
will be attached to the fork e" by means of the ring, the spring being lifted by
hand. It will be seen that the complete liberation of the horses from the vehicle
must take place when the same are unharnessed from the trees as the horses will
then lift the spring by running ahead and withdraw the ring of the pole
strap . As however it may be dangerous under certain circumstances to thus
liberate the horses in a town there are arranged on the prongs d rotating bars m
which permit the closing of the fork c" (as shown in Fig. 10. on the left) so that
a release of the pole strap " from the pole head is impossible. In country places on
the other hand the bolt m" is left open (as shown in Fig. 10 on the right hand side).
In order to provide for catching again runaway horses after detaching them from
the carriage or generally to bring them to a standstill the automatic blinker
(Figs. 11. 12 13 and 14) is used. The blinker has the appearance of an ordinary
blinker but in the interior of the same is a second flap which when released covers
entirely the eyes of the horse, the consequence of which is that the horse being
unable to see will become quiet.
As will be seen by Figs. 11 to 13 the new blinker consists of the outer ordinary

page_text: 11
of the
blinker a the edges of which are bent inwards. Within the outer blinker is
the inner blinker . The latter consists of some soft material (felt or the like)
which is tensioned over a frame (Figs. 11 and 13). The frame is attached
to the blinker a near the attachment of the latter to the head strap by passing
through two loops thereon. By a spiral spring f which is attached in the
centre of the frame and with the ends at on the outer blinker a the
inner blinker is tensioned always to open inwards (Fig. 12). On the immerside
of the blinker a are arranged two guiding bars g between which moves a slide
which is provided at the one side with the loop and at the other side with
another loop to which a cord jis attached which traversing the ring arranged
at the edge at the inner side of the blinker a is fastened to the frame
iuner blinker ell (Fig. 12). If the slide is pulled by the ring and the
cord from the position shown in Fig. 12 to that of Fig. 11 the loop of
the slide will come between the loops n of the blinker all and as the cordl
is carried along by the slide the inner blinker (Fig. 11) will be held within
the outer one a A pin o¹ is then placed through the loops and so that
the slide is prevented from returning and the blinker is ready for use. The
pin ois attached to a cord p which (Fig. 14) traversing a ring on the head
band and a ring on the collar is fastened to the head of the pole. If the
horse runs beyond the pole the cord 1 is pulled and withdraws the pin o from
the loops n and when the slide jumps back in the blinker and the flap c¹¹¹
will press over the eyes of the horse. Of course the pin o may be withdrawn in
an optional manner from the box seat by means of a special cord in order to
produce the same effect.
The devices hereindescribed for detaching horses from vehicles may be used with
suitable modifications for one horse as well as 2. 3. 4 or more horse carriages with
the former instead of the traces the shafts are attached to the underframe or the
traces and shaft are together attached thereto according to this invention; with
carriages for more than two horses, the detaching device is repeated as above
described for two-horse vehicles without any material change in the construction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :-
The improvements in or relating to the harnessing of horses to vehicles con-
sisting in,
1. The construction comprising the tubular single tree a or equivalent in which
the traces e are held by means of bolts g holding the rings inserted into notches c
in the caps b of said tree and from which they may be liberated by the displacement
of said bolt g either by chain a lever disc v and spindle u within the tree and
operated by the pull device A from the box scat, or by the handles u¹ arranged
outside the trees and operated by hand substantially as set forth.
2. The construction of the pole head having the locking springs i pressed against
the forks c by means of the spiral springs jl which locking spring enables the
release of the pole straps " suspended in the forks e" in the manner set forth said
forks having the bars m" for closing them as and for the purpose described.
3. Blinkers having inner flaps adapted on detachment of the horse to cover the
eyes of the latter substantially as set forth.
4. A blinker (Figs. 11 and 12) which is operated automatically by the liberation
of the horses from the carriage having a cord fastened to the pole head, and
releasing pin o¹ll and thus unfastening a slide 111 connected to an inner blinker ell
whereby the latter covers the eye of the borse by action of the spring f¹¹ sub-
stantially as set forth.
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicants.