Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Stone, Preservative Paint, and other analogous Materials.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 6th Jan., 1894
GUME DIN DI MOITICATION
Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Stone, Preservative
Paint, and other analogous Materials.
.
I, LUDWIG GROTE of Landberg on Lech in the German Empire, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my invention is to manufacture artificial stone, preservative paint,
and analogous materials, by means of new combinations.
In carrying out my invention, I use combinations of chloride of magnesium,
acetate of lead, magnesite, plumbate of lime, and water; to which is added filling
materials, such as slag wool," sand, gravel, clay, and other earthy or mineral
matter; also wood, wood pulp, shavings of wood, saw-dust, paper, vegetable and
animal fibres, and analogous materials, waste or otherwise and with or without any
previous preparation.
In this Specification the word "magnesite" is in all cases to be read and
"such as is left
understood as meaning "magnesite freed from carbonic acid,"
as a bye-product in the process of manufacture of carbonic acid from magnesite
stone.
The following are examples, showing some of the materials, and the proportions
(or thereabouts) in which such materials are mixed and combined in the processes
and manufactures herein after referred to.

page_text: In the manufacture of plaster or paint or analogous material, to form a coating
or enamel for preserving other materials, I use :-
Chloride of magnesium 35°
Acetate of lead (diluted in)
Water
Plumbate of lime, baryta, or barium or strontia
Calcined magnesite
40.0
2.5
7.5
10.0
40.0
The foregoing combinations of materials may be colored or marbled by means of
any suitable coloring matter added thereto as required.
The liquid or fluid mixture used as a paint may be diluted with oil or varnish.
The addition of cement to the paint delays its setting; the greater the proportion
of cement, the longer it can be preserved in a liquid state.
In plastic mixtures for shaping or moulding, as well as in mixtures for casting,
and for liquid paints, a solution of zinc chloride may be used instead of the chloride
of magnesium, but this substituted material does not give such a good result as the
former.

page_text: The following are some of the advantages attending the use of my invention :-
1. The stone is not porous, and therefore does not absorb moisture.
2. Changes of temperature do not affect the stone. Nor is it injured by
sulphuric or other vapour from smoke or fog.
3. The chemicals kill the salts contained in earthy matters, and render such
salts neutral. It is well known that sea-sand is unfit for use in the building trade,
but the chemicals in my invention kill the salt in the sea-sand, and render it
suitable for manufacturing clean artificial sand-stone.
4. Cement and other binding materials at present in use, will only bind sand and
the like but my chemicals will bind all ordinary materials, and thereby form
artificial stone as hard as granite.
5. The water added to the mass is crystalised or petrified by the chemicals, and
therefore does not evaporate as with ordinary cement. The petrified compound
of chemicals and water encloses every particle of filling matter, and protects it
from the air.
6. The addition of acetate of lead has the effect of rendering the stone impervious
to moisture.
7. Resins, asphalt, and oily substances render the stone suitable for insulating
purposes, and also impart a less unyielding character thereto; caustifying ingredients,
such as plumbate of lime, strontia, baryta or barium or soda or other caustifying
materials are however required for chemically combining the mass when resins
asphalt and oily substances are used as above mentioned.
8. The addition of wood-pulp, saw-dust, fibres, and the like render the stone
sufficiently soft or resilient to enable it to be turned and worked like wood during
the first 4 days, and before the hardness has attained its full development, its
resiliency however remains after the hardness has been attained.
9. Ordinary artificial stone needs to be immersed in chemicals, or in water, to
kill the salt and render it capable of withstanding atmospheric influences. The
effect is superficial and imperfect in its results; as, in case the stone should crack,
water can penetrate and exercise a destructive effect. My stone, on the contrary,
is homogeneous and indestructible.
10. No pressure is required to consolidate the stone.
11. My combination of chemicals will bind up to the proportion of 1 to 13;
that is to say, one pound of chemicals will bind 13 pounds of sand and gravel into
a good concrete stone, equal to cement in the proportion of one of water to 6 of
cement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The several processes of manufacturing building, fibrous and caustic artificial
stone substantially as herein before described.
2. The process for the manufacture of and the material for casting and moulding
in a fluid state, to form stone, substantially as herein before described.
3. The process for the manufacture of and the plaster or paint or analogous
material, to form a coating or cement for preserving other materials, substantially as
herein before described.
4. In the processes of manufacture as aforesaid, the method of delaying the
hardening of the material, by the addition of cement, substantially as described.
5. The improved processes for, aud the application of the same to, the manu-
facture of artificial stone, preservative paint, and other analogous materials,
substantially as herein before described.
.94lונים
1000
GEO. DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.