An Improved Filter.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1899-Accepted, 6th May, 1899
CUALI LEIE DI MUIFICATION.
An Improved Filter.
I, WILLIAM OLIVER EVELYN MEADE-KING, M.I.C.E., of 22, Madeley Road,
Ealing, in the County of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention consists in an improved construction of filter for dealing particu-
larly with manufacturers' trade effluents, or sewage or other impure liquids. The
filter however may be usefully employed for dealing with water or other compara-
tively pure liquids for the purpose of intercepting and removing therefrom all
matters in suspension. The object of my invention is to provide a filter which
whilst requiring but a small cubic space will filter very rapidly and so deal
efficiently with large volumes of liquid. My improved filter can also be more
easily and quickly cleansed and manipulated than can filters as usually hitherto
constructed, and the filtering medium changed when required.
The improved filter consists of a series of superposed rings of any required
diameter and of suitable depth and constructed as hereinafter appears. These
rings are jointed together in such a manner as to provide a practically continuous
air inlet space around each joint. In each ring a bed of filtering material is
supported upon a perforated diaphragm, and between each such bed a vacant space
is left to which atmospheric air can at all times pass, and in which it circulates
and serves to aërate and oxygenate the liquid as it descends from the upper part
to the outlet orifice at the base. The details of construction are illustrated in
the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is to the left a vertical section and
to the right an elevation. Fig. 2 is a half sectional plan on line X Y of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged section fully illustrating the detail of construction and Fig. 4
shows in front elevation one of the lifting eyebolts.
Similar letters refer to similar parts in these figures.
In the filter illustrated four superposed cylindrical rings 1, 2, 3, 4 are shown,
though any required number may be employed. These rings may be of cast iron
as shown or of wrought iron or other suitable material and each has a spigot S
surrounding the base and a faucet l' around the top such as are shown. Within
each faucet F are cast or formed short distance pieces such as F¹. Four such
distance pieces oppositely arranged as indicated in Fig. 2 are sufficient. Their
object is to support the spigot $ of the ring above at a short distance from the
faucet F and so form a practically continuous circumferential air inlet space A
around each joint. At four opposite points on each ring eyebolts E are provided
for lifting, the ring and its contents when required by means of a crane or the
like. The lowermost ring 4 is supported by a comparatively shallow tray 5, the
joint being of the spigot and faucet type above described in the tray 5 is the
outlet for the filtered liquid. In each ring is provided a perforated dia-
phragm W preferably formed of fine mesh wire netting of about 30 to the inch
supported upon woven wire netting stretched over a ring R supported all round
by the horizontal part of the spigot S as shown. Upon such diaphragm is placed
in each ring a mass of filtering medium which may be gravel, coke breeze, coal

page_text: 'dust or in some cases where chemical action is desired, dioxide of manganese or
other suitable agent or reagent may be substituted. The inlet pipe or pipes
discharge upon cocoanut matting C or the like supported on a base of strong wire
netting W carried by a Z iron ring B resting on the distance pieces F¹ inside
the faucet F of the uppermost ring 1. The thickness of filtering medium may
be the same in each ring or varied. The dotted lines M1 M2 M³ M' represent
approximately the preferred levels of the surfaces of the filtering materials respec-
tively in the rings 1, 2, 3 and 4. Thus also the air spaces A1 A2 A3 A4 will vary
accordingly, affording preferably the deepest air-space A in the lowest ring 4.
In a filter so constructed any filtering material not found to be beneficial can be
easily removed and changed after merely lifting up the superposed rings and
without disturbing the contents of any other ring; and similarly, washing and
cleaning of the whole or any part of the filter can be effected by a hose pipe,
or otherwise flushing the material. The air spaces A1 A2 A3 A4 between the filter
beds serve to well aërate the downwardly percolating liquid. Should any filter
bed become blocked the liquid will rise and passing up through the air inlet
spaces A above the blocked filter run down the outside of that ring, and flow
through the lower air inlet space into the next filter. The whole is supported ou
timber baulks, brickwork or otherwise conveniently.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. A filter consisting of a series of superposed rings jointed together in such
manner as to provide a practically continuous air admission space around each
joint, filtering material supported within each such ring upon a perforated
diaphragm and air spaces between the surface of each bed of filtering material
and the diaphragm above same, the incoming liquid being discharged upon a
diaphragm of cocoa matting or the like, percolating the whole filter, and escaping
through an outlet orifice in a supporting base tray, all substantially as and for
the purposes herein described and illustrated in the drawings.
2. The improved filter constructed arranged and adapted for use in the manner
herein set forth and illustrated in the drawings.
Doted his 146 lov of Anil 1900
Dotad this With 1
1900
For the Applicant,
J. C. CHAPMAN & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents, 70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.