Improvements in the Manufacture of Milling Outters for Cutting and Finishing Girder Steel and Iron, and for other purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 28th Nov.. 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Milling Outters for Cutting
and Finishing Girder Steel and Iron, and for other purposes.
1, WILSON DONNE MARSHALL, of Column House, Shrewsbury in the County
of Salop, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
Milling cutters as ordinarily manufactured are either made solid, that is, from
one piece of steel or have the body made separately from the cutters, the cutters
being fixed in the body so as to be capable of removal and replacement.
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the
manufacture of milling cutters, whereby the cost of their manufacture is largely
reduced, and the inconveniences attendant on the ordinary methods of manufacture
wholly or in great part obviated.
According to one of my improvements I manufacture milling cutters in the
following manner. I make separate cutters of hardened and tempered steel and
place the said cutters in a mould of sand or cast iron, the cutters being placed
in the mould in the required positions and with their faces or acting parts
downwards, the said faces or acting parts of the cutters being embedded in the
sand, or occupying recesses in the mould when a cast iron mould is employed.
The mould has the size and general configuration of the body of the milling
cutter to be made. I pour melted cast iron into the mould so as to form the
body of the milling cutter the said melted cast iron covering and connecting the
bases of the cutters or those parts which project into the mould. When
the casting has cooled the milling cutter formed may be finished in the
ordinary way.
According to another of my improvements I place the cast iron mould containing
the cutters on the bed of a steam or other press and take a thick disc of iron or
steel and raise the said disc nearly to a welding heat. I place the said heated
and plastic disc of iron or steel in the mould containing the cutters and bring
down the plunger of the press upon the said disc thereby forcing the plastic
disc of heated iron or steel to take the form of the mould, the bases of the
cutters being embedded in the iron or steel by the applied pressure.
If the temper of the cutters in either of the processes described has been
injuriously interfered with, the required teniper can be restored by the ordinary.
methods of hardening and tempering.
Dated this Fifth day of February 1896.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Milling Outters for Cutting
and Finishing Girder Steel and Iron, and for other purposes.
I, WILSON DONNE MARSHALL, of Column House, Shrewsbury, in the County
of Salop, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Milling cutters as ordinarily manufactured are either made solid, that is, from
one piece of steel or have the body made separately from the cutters, the cutters
being fixed in the body so as to be capable of removal and replacement.
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in the
manufacture of milling cutters, whereby the cost of their manufacture is largely
reduced, and the inconveniences attendant on the ordinary methods of manufacture
wholly or in great part obviated.
According to one of my improvements I manufacture milling cutters in the
following manner. I make separate cutters of hardened and tempered steel and
place the said cutters in a mould of sand or cast iron, the cutters being placed in
the mould in the required positions and with their faces or acting parts downwards
the said faces or acting parts of the cutters being embedded in the sand, or
occupying recesses in the mould when a cast iron mould is employed. The mould
has the size and general configuration of the body of the milling cutter to he made.
I pour melted cast iron into the mould so as to form the body of the milling cutter
the said melted cast iron covering and connecting the bases of the cutters or those
parts which project into the mould. When the casting has cooled the milling
cutter formed may be finished in the ordinary way.
According to another of my improvements I place the cast iron mould containing
the cutters on the bed of a steam or other press and take a thick disc of iron or
steel and raise the said disc nearly to a welding heat. I place the said heated and
plastic disc of iron or steel in the mould containing the cutters and bring down the
plunger of the press upon the said disc thereby forcing the plastic disc of heated
iron or steel to take the form of the mould, the bases of the cutters being
embedded in the iron or steel by the applied pressure.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in side elevation
milling
cutter made according to my invention, the said cutter being especially made for the
cutting and finishing of the horizontal flanges of I girder steel and iron, Figure 2
is a cross section of the same the said section being taken on the dotted line,
Figure 1, Figure 3 is a section on the dotted line y, y Figure 2.
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 represent a modified method of manufacture hereinafter
described.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of
the drawings.
In constructing each end of the milling cutter Figure 1 I arrange the series of
hardened and tempered steel cutters a, a, a in a mould, preferably of chill cast iron
the said cutters being arranged in their proper positions and with their acting
faces a, a, a occupying recesses or slots in the cast iron mould. Melted cast iron
is poured into the mould so as to form the body b of the milling cutter the said
molten cast iron filling the spaces between the parts of the hardened and tempered
steel cutters projecting into the mould and thereby connecting the bases or non-
acting parts of the cutters together. On the removal of the cutter from the mould
it is finished in the ordinary way.
In arranging the said cutters for finishing the flanges of say I girder steel, a pair
of the milling cutters made in the manner hereinbefore described are keyed to the

page_text: milling cutter shaft with a distance block c between them. The distance block c
may be cast in one piece with the bodies b, b of the pair of milling cutters.
In manufacturing milling cutters according to the method illustrated in
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, I take a chill cast iron mould d resembling generally the
mould used in the casting process herein before described, except that it is of
somewhat larger diameter at its mouth or top than at bottom and arrange it on
the bed of a steam hammer or other stamp or press. A series of oblong-
pieces a, a, a of hardened and tempered steel are arranged in slots in the bottom.
or smaller part of the mould d and a loose steel ring g is placed in the upper part
of the mould so as to reduce the diameter of that part to that of the lower part of
the said mould. A block or disc b of iron or steel heated to a welding heat being.
placed on the pieces a, a, a in the mould the tup or plunger e of the steam or other
stamp or press is brought down and made to force the heated and plastic disc b of
iron or steel into the mould, the bases of the cutters being thereby embedded in
the heated iron or steel. On the cooling of the body part 6 of the milling cutter
thus partially made it is withdrawn from the mould d the loose ring g having been
first removed, and the acting faces a, a of the hardened and tempered steel
pieces a, a (see Figure 6) are formed by the process of turning in a lathe. The-
axial hole fand keyway g for the milling cutter shaft are bored and made in the
ordinary way.
If the temper of the cutters in either of the processes described has been
injuriously interfered with the required temper can be restored by the ordinary-
methods of hardening and tempering.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim.
as my invention :-
First. Manufacturing milling cutters for cutting and finishing girder steel and
iron and for other purposes by arranging a series of separate hardened and
tempered steel cutters in a sand or cast iron mould and pouring melted cast iron
into the said mould so as to connect the bases of the said cutters and form the-
body of the milling cutter, the said cutters being subsequently hardened and
tempered if necessary substantially as herein before described and represented in.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. Manufacturing milling cutters for cutting and finishing girder steel
and iron and for other purposes by arranging in a mould or die on the bed of
a steam or other hammer, stamp or press, a series of hardened and tempered.
steel pieces from which to form the cutters proper and forcing onto the said
hardened and tempered steel pieces a block of iron or steel raised to a welding
heat so as to cause the hardened and tempered steel pieces to be embedded in,
the said heated mass of iron or steel, the said hardened and tempered steel pieces.
being subsequently shaped in a lathe and thereby formed into the cutters which
are afterwards bardened and tempered if necessary substantially as herein before-
described and represented in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings..
Dated the Twenty-third day of October 1896.
WILSON DONNE MARSHALL.