IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Turnock, of Ross, in the County of Hereford,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Turnock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th May 1880.
JOSEPH TURNOCK, of Ross, in the County of Hereford. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF DOMESTIC FIRE PLACES. AND THE FLUES
CONNECTED THEREWITH."
"
This Invention consists in so constructing and arranging domestic fire-places and
grates that the same may be readily adapted to any room without the necessity of
forming a chimney in the wall of the building or otherwise interfering with the
latter except that in some cases it will be necessary to make suitable apertures in
the various floors and roof for the passage of the smoke flue, and by means of this
Invention almost the entire quantity of the heat radiated by the fire and the
products of combustion is utilised..
The grate is contained within a casing of any suitable material, such as cast or
wrought iron, or tiles, or fire bricks, and open in front; around the said casing and
forming the body of the fire-place or mantel piece is arranged an air chamber or
chambers constructed of tiles or other suitable material. When the stove is in use
the air contained in the said chamber becomes heated and is conducted by means
of a suitable opening to the upper part of the room in which the stove is situated,
or to any other desired part of the building. The chamber each side of the stove can,
when desired, be provided with drawers or hods capable of being drawn in and
out for the purpose of containing fuel. The smoke flue is constructed with a
square or flat front and of a semi-circular form at the back, and is connected with
a suitable opening in the upper part of the casing containing the grate; the said
flue is caused to pass through any room or rooms above, so that the heat radiated
from the products of combustion in their upward passage will assist in warming or
heating the said room or rooms. The said flue is provided with a valve or damper,
which is actuated by means of a lever, screw, or rack at the grate, for the purpose
of regulating the draught and economising fuel whereby the heating of the room is
controlled. In cases where chimneys already exist the said smoke flues may be
connected therewith, but in the case of new houses the ordinary chimney and '
chimney stacks are dispensed with.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Turnock in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th
November 1880.
JOSEPH TURNOCK, of Ross, in the County of Hereford. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF DOMESTIC FIRE PLACES AND THE FLUES
CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My said Invention consists in so constructing and arranging domestic fire places
and grates that the same may be readily adapted to any room without the necessity
of forming a chimney in the wall of the building or otherwise interfering with the
latter except that in some cases it will be necessary to make suitable apertures in
the various floors and roof for the passage of the smoke flue, and by means of this
Invention almost the entire quantity of the heat radiated by the fire and the
products of combustion is utilised.
The grate is contained within a casing of any suitable material, such as cast or
wrought iron, or tiles, or fire bricks, and it is open in front. The body of the
fire-place or mantle piece, which is constructed of tiles or other suitable material,
is so arranged as to form an air chamber round the back and sides of the said casing,
and such chamber can be carried to any désired height within the room (the
exterior of the upper portion being ornamented in any desired manner), so that
when the stove is in use the air contained in the chamber becomes heated and
escapes into the room through apertures or openings formed at any desired part; or
the air so heated can be conducted through a chamber, by preference formed round
the flue, to any desired part of the building. The before mentioned chamber at
each side of the stove can, when desired, be provided with drawers or hods capable
of being drawn in and out for the purpose of containing fuel.
The smoke flue is constructed with a square or flat front, and of a semicircular
form at the back, and is connected with a suitable opening in the upper part of
the casing containing the grate. The said flue is, in some cases, caused to pass
through any room or rooms above, so that the heat radiated from the products of
combustion in their upward passage will assist in warming or heating the said
room or rooms. When the flue is arranged within a case or chamber, as herein-
before stated, the latter is provided with apertures for the escape of the heated air.
The said flue is provided with a valve or damper which is actuated by means of a
lever, screw, or rack for the purpose of regulating the draught and economising fuel,
whereby the heating of the room is controlled. In cases where chimneys already
exist the said smoke flues may be connected therewith, but in the case of new
houses the ordinary chimney and chimney stacks are dispensed with.
I will now proceed to refer to the accompanying Drawings, from which the nature
of my said Invention will be more clearly understood. The same letters of reference
indicate like parts in all the Figures. Figure 1 is a front elevation of the air
chamber and stove, and Figure 2 is a back view of the same showing the flue.
Figure 3 is a plan of air chamber and cross section through the flue, in which is
shown the particular form of flue hereinbefore described. Figure 4 is a cross
section through the line X, X, Figure 1. Figure 5 is a side view of the air chamber,
and Figure 6 is a vertical section taken through the line Z, Z, Figure 2. A is the
grate, and a the casing; B is the air chamber round the same, and b are apertures
in the latter for the escape of the heated air; C is the flue, and c the valve or
damper
In order to facilitate the fixing and arranging of the flues, I prefer to form the
upper part of each section with a collar for the reception of the lower end of the
section immediately above, the space within the collar being filled with sand or
other suitable material; this arrangement will be readily understood by reference
to Figure 6.

page_text: I have found it convenient to arch that portion of the flue immediately above
the grate, and the air chamber can either be made sufficiently large to contain the
whole, or a small recess may be formed in the wall to receive part of the arched
portion.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which it is to be performed, I would observe in conclusion
that what I consider novel and original, and therefore claim as constituting
the Invention secured to me by the said hereinbefore in part recited Letters
Patent is,―
The construction and arrangement of domestic fire places and the flues connected
therewith, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Turnock, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this 11th day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
JOSEPH TURNOCK. (L.S.)