IMPROVE. MENTS IN LOCKS AND OTHER FASTENINGS, AND IN KEYS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the lavention of "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN LOCKS AND OTHER FASTENINGS, AND IN KEYS."-A communication
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 5th August 1861.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND OTHER FASTENINGS, AND IN KEYS," (communicated
to me from abroad by Auguste Théodore Bandrit, of Paris, France,) to be
as follows:-
This Invention, the object of which is the production of unpickable locks
and other fastenings, will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a safety lock constructed according to
oue method; Figure 2 shows in plan the description of bolt I make use of,
and its stop; Figure 3 is a view of the key; Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 are views
of different parts composing the lock; Figure 8 shows a peculiar closing
button with a cam stop; Figure 9 is a view in plan of a crank jointed to a
Price 8d.1

page_text: rod for moving the bolt; Figure 10 is an external view of the box case and
the parts connected therewith; Figure 11 shows the arrangement as applied
to a padlock; and Figure 12 shows the safety lock in a somewhat modified
form.
The axis a of the button 6 passes through the box c; a second button can
be fitted, but one only is shown in the Drawing; about the middle of the
axis a there is a crank e, to which a rod f is jointed, having a hole formed in
it to receive a gudgeon i at the rear of the tail of the bolt g; at or about the
middle of this tail is a space l, see Figures 1 and 2, the particular forin of
which facilitates the stopping or the liberation of the bolt, as will be more
clearly explained hereafter. In the round part of the aperture of the tail of
the bolt, the end of the button is flattened, so as to reduce its size for the
passage of the slide 1 in the tail g when the button m is turned, so as to place
the flat part square with the slide 1, the latter can neither advance nor recede,
and the bolt cannot be forced back. The same action is produced by the key
in the following manner :-On the plate dof the lock a frame B is formed in
the following manner, and as shown in Figures 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7. The barrel
of the key D, Figure 3, takes into the piece n, which terminates in an inclined
plane; it enters the tube a, which is hollowed out at p, to allow the "bit" of
the key to pass, the tube being independent; it follows all the rotary motions
of the key, it rests at its lower part on the helical spring r, placed in the
middle of a disc s, the use of which is to push back the tube, and consequently
the key, as soon as the "bit" is disengaged from the inclined plane, and enters
the space p. Guards t are arranged on the side of the frame B, and held by a
pallet or spring ; they may be fixed on the frame, or moveable, according to
whether they are rivetted on the pallet u, or only pressed by a spring thereon.
The bit of the key is provided with pieces, through which the guards & pass.
The "bit" also carries a spindle v, which takes into the hole E of the disc s,
which holds the screw F and determines its play. The pallet u carries at one
end a projection x, which penetrates a notch y in the disc s; this notch forms
one of the securities of the lock. The end of the screw F is formed in such
manner as to permit of the introduction of the flattened end of the button m,
the result of which is, that the lock being closed, the bolt is stopped, and it is
impossible to force it. Moreover, outside the case a collar z is sometimes
rivetted, into which a spindle G is introduced, which will pass through one
of the holes of the button m, and so form a sort of safety bolt. It will be
observed that the lock may be made to receive a key on both sides, or a key
on one side and a button on the other. A button m can be used with a
cam H,Figure 8, which, when the button is closed, abuts against a projection

page_text: on the bolt g, to prevent it from receding when the lock is closed. Any
suitable spring I, placed at the rear of the tail of the bolt in the frame, con-
tinually forces the bolt to issue when the button b ceases to act. The safety
systein herein-before described is shown at Figure 11 applied to a padlock;
the cylindrical frame J is analogous to that in the previous case, marked B;
on it is mounted a curved rod K, which at L receives the screw M in an
internal thread; the opposite end of the rod terminates in a ring N, which acts
against the shoulder P. The rod K is prevented from turning by a claw
taking into a notch formed in the ring N. The action of the padlock is simple
as well as sure. To open it, disengage the screw M of the rod K by means
of the key, the ring N then slides on the frame J, and allows the rod K to be
introduced into the holes. To close it, the ring is drawn on the frame, and
by the aid of the key the screw M is acted upon, and takes into the part L of
the ring, and closes the fastening. The modified form of lock shown at
Figure 12 has three bolts, two large, and one small. The two bolts P, Pi, are
made solid by a cross piece Q. The small bolt is made in the same way as that
already described, and the slide of the tail has two circular apertures formed
in it to receive the end of the button m; the latter also carries a cam R,
which, when the lock is open, abuts against the part S fixed to the cross
piece Q, and prevents the bolts P, P₁, from being driven by the spring T
when, on the contrary, the lock is closed, as shown at Figure 12, the button is
raised by the action of its screw, and the cam R passing above the part S.
catches on an abutment fixed thereto, when in this position neither of the
bolts can move. The locks may be ornamented by cutting or moulding an
ornament in copper, silver, or other metal, which is laid over the case, the
latter being previously prepared to receive it. The safety bolts before
described are applicable to all existing bolts.
}
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her

page_text: reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that 1, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isk of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND OTHER FASTENINGS,
AND IN KEYS," (a communication from abroad by Auguste Théodore Baudrit,
of Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters-Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention, the object of which is the production of unpickable locks
and other fastenings, will be bestunderstood by reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a safety lock constructed according to
one method; Figure 2 shows, in plan, the description of bolt I make use of,
and its stop; Figure 3 is a view of the key; Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 are views
of different parts composing the lock; Figure 8 shews a peculiar closing
button, with a cam stop; Figure 9 is a view, in plan, of a crank jointed to a
rod for moving the bolt; Figure 10 is an external view of the box case, and
the parts connected therewith.
The axis a of the button b passes through the box c; a second button can
be fitted, but one only is shewn in the Drawing. About the middle of the
axis a there is a crank e, to which a rod f is jointed, having a hole formed in
it to receive a gudgeon i at the rear of the tail k of the bolt g. At or about
the middle of this tail is a space l, see Figures 1 and 2, the particular form
of which facilitates the stopping or the liberation of the bolt, as will be more
clearly explained hereafter. In the round part of the aperture of the tail of

page_text: the bolt, the end of the stop button m passes. From the position of this button
the motion of the bolt g depends, for the end of the button m is flattened, so as
to give a less width for the passage of the slide of the tail k. When the
button m is turned so as to place the flat part square with the slide 1, the
latter can neither advance nor recede, and the bolt cannot be forced back.
The same action is produced by the key in the following manner :-On the
plate d of the lock a frame B is formed in the following manner; the barrel
of the key D, Figure 3, takes into the piccen, which terminates in an inclined
plane; it enters the tube o, which is hollowed out at p, to allow the "bit,"
Figures 4 and 5, of the key to pass; the tube being independent, it follows all
the rotary motions of the key; itrests at its lower part on the helical spring r,
placed in the middle of a disc s, the use of which is to push back the tube,
and consequently the key as soon as the "bit" is disengaged from the
inclined plane, and enters the space p. Guards are arranged on the side
of the frame B, and held by a pallet or spring u; they may be fixed on the
frame, or movable, according to whether they are rivetted on the pallet u, or
only pressed by a spring thereon. The bit of the key is provided with pieces,
through which the guards & pass. The "bit" also carries a spindle v, which
takes into the hole E of the disc s, which holds the screw F, and determines
its play. The pallet u carries at one end a projection, which penetrates a
notch y in the disc s, sec Figure 7; this notch forms one of the securities of
the lock. The end of the screw F is formed in such manner as to permit of
the introduction of the flattened end of the button m, the result of which is
that, the lock being closed, the bolt is stopped, and it is impossible to force it.
Moreover, outside the case a collar z, see Figure 10, is sometimes rivetted, into
which a spindle G is introduced, which will pass through one of the holes of
the button m, and so form a sort of safety bolt. It will be observed that the
lock may be made to receive a key on both sides, or a key on one side and a
button on the other. A rod m² may be fitted to the button, which can be
used with a cam H, Figure 8, which when the button is closed abuts against
a projection on the bolt g, to prevent it from receding when the lock is closed.
Any suitable spring 1, placed at the rear of the tail of the bolt in the frame,
continually forces the bolt to issue when the button b ceases to act.
Figure 11 shews the Invention applied to a padlock. The cylindrical
frame J is analogous to that in the previous case, marked B; on it is mounted
a curved rod K, which at L receives the screw in in an internal thread; the
opposite end of the rod termines in a ring N, which acts against the
shoulder P. The rod K is prevented from turning by a claw taking into a
notch formed in the ring N. The action of the padlock is simple as well as

page_text: sure.
To open it, disengage the screw M of the rod K by means of the key;
the ring N then slides on the frame J, and allows the rod K to be introduced
into the holes. To close it, the ring is drawn on the frame, and by the aid of
the key the screw M is acted upon, and takes into the part L of the ring, and
closes the fastening.
The modified form of lock shown at Figure 12 has three bolts, two large
and one small. The two bolts P, P₁, are made solid by a cross-piece Q.
The small bolt is made in the same way as that already described, and the
slide of the tail has two circular apertures formed in it to receive the end of
the button ; the latter also carries a cam R, which when the lock is open
abuts against the -part S, fixed to the cross piece Q, and prevents the
bolts P, P, from being driven by the spring T; when, on the contrary, the
lock is closed, as shewn at Figure 12, the button is raised by the action of its
screw, and the cam R, passing above the part S, catches on an abutment
fixed thereto; when in this position neither of the bolts can move.
locks may be ornamented by cutting or moulding an ornament in copper,
silver, or other metal, which is laid-over the case, the latter being previously
prepared to receive it. The safety bolts before described are applicable to all
existing locks.
"The
Figure 13 shows a leaf of a door A¹ receiving its bolt, as well as a moveable
leaf B, receiving the box of the lock. The half-shooting bolt a'is mounted on
a pallet. In the hollow c¹ of the leaf A', the bolt d', forming a portion of
the bolt a', extends; it is hollowed out at c. When the screw-threaded
key is turned, it descends at the end of the bolt a', whereby the latter
cannot recoil. If the key, by consequence of the recoil of the bolt a¹, takes
into the space e', the bolt is retained in the box. The rod g' passes through
the post B and the case '; it carries at each end a button or handle. " is
a cam on the rod g', against which a spring presses. The cam " rests on
a stop gudgeon. The rotation of the rod g pushes back the bolt a', forcing
the cam h to press in the throat of the bolt in order to disengage the latter
by the recoil in the case ¹. In Figure 14 the pallet b' is dispensed with,
while a helical spring drives the bolt a'.
Figure 15 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 16 is a plan, of a fixed bolt,
surrounded by a barrel or socket free to move by the action of a key. The
box carries internally a bolt a, which has a tendency to drive back the
3 is a
helical spring; the play of the bolt is limited by the external stop 2.
barrel surrounding the bolt a; it has at its upper part holes 4, into which the
teeth of the pinion g' take; the latter is formed in a piece with or mounted ou
the spindle 5 and disc 6. The disc and pinion have each a hole 7 formed in

page_text: them, into which the gudgeon 8 of the key, seen at Figure 17, takes when
the latter is inserted on either end of the spindle 5. The spring 9 is cut out
in the middle to leave the necessary height for the play of the pinion gl; it
terminates in a gudgeon 10, which serves as a stop to the barrel 3. The bit
of the key while revolving raises the spring 9, and disengages the barrel 3;.
thus, by means of a key introduced on either side of the lock, the pinion g'is
moved, which drives the barrel 3, and thus causes it to act as a double bolt.
The support for the pinion of the disc and spindle is seen at 11, Figure 16.
In Figures 18, 19, and 20 the door buttons and handles are shewn, made so
as to receive a key, the bit of which enters the lock or staple, to make the
handles immovable through the resistance the rod of the key offers.
In Figure 21 the bolt a is connected to a flat plate or spring 12, and a bent
lever 13 is pivoted at 14. To open the door, press on the button 15, and
the bolt recedes, being drawn back by the connecting rod 16. To secure
the lock or make it immoveable, a key is inserted at 17, which prevents the
oscillation of the bent lever 13. A large bolt 18 may be added for greater
security, which is moved to and fro by the rack 19.
Figures 22 and 23 are views in plan and elevation of a lock, the characteristic
feature of which is an arrangement for keeping the bolt back, so that it may
not be visible while the door is open, and for being released by a peculiar
mechanism when the door is closed. The axis K' has on each side of the leaf
a button L', at or about the centre of which the bolt M'is rivetted, against
which the spring N¹ acts. A spring plate O' is retained by a screw above the
guard plate X. To open the lock the bolt is raised by sliding along the
inclined plane on the ear or stud Q', and by pushing back the spring plate O',
on which the stud Q' is rivetted; the bolt then comes above the stud, on
which it rests, as shewn by the red lines in Figure 23. At the end of the
spring O' a gudgeon R' is rivetted, which passes through the guard plate X¹.
When the movable leaf is pushed back the gudgeon R' acts on the rebate and
throws the spring O' to the rear, as shewn by the red lines; by consequence
of this motion the stud Q'allows the bolt M, driven by the spring N', to escape.
A screw key may be fitted laterally, similar to that shown at f1, Figures 13
and 14, which enters at will into a cavity formed in the central part of the
axis K, and thereby forms a stop.
Aud having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as the improve-
ments in locks and other fastenings, and in keys,-
First, the construction of boxes for locks substantially in manner herein-
before described and illustrated at Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings.

page_text: Second, the method of stopping the bolts of locks by means of a rod or
key, as herein-before described and illustrated at Figure 1 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Third, the employment in locks of a key on each side, or a key on one side
and a button or handle on the other, substantially as herein-before described.
Fourth, the construction of padlocks, asherein-beforedescribedandillustrated
in the accompanying Drawings.
Fifth, the employment and method of construction of parts of locks together
or separately, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings..
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-two.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)