An Improved Construction of Caoutchouc Tyres or Bands for Road Wheels, and the Means of Securing the same.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 15th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 19th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Construction of Caoutchouc Tyres or Bands for Road
Wheels, and the Means of Securing the same.
I, NICHOLAS YAGN, of 25 Basseinaja, St. Petersburg, Russia Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The caoutchouc tyres or bands of road wheels as at present employed have the
great disadvantage that when running in muddy weather, they cause the mud to be
thrown violently to either side from beneath the wheel, thereby bespattering the
foot passenger and walls of the buildings.
This is the case more particularly on rough pavement or stoney roadways owing
mainly to the fact that the wheels in revolving rebound from the inequalities of the
road and in striking the mud with considerable force with the comparatively large
surface of the caoutchouc tyres throws the same with great force to either side.
This inconvenience may be reduced in some degree by making the tyres or bands
of a pointed or triangular transverse section, such as indicated at Fig. A on the
accompanying drawing. In this case the tyre comes with a gradually increasing
surface in contact with the mud, and consequently displaces the same with less
violence than is the case with an ordinary tyre. According to my present invention
however I almost entirely obviate the outward splashing of the mud by making the
tyre of the sectional form shewn at Fig. B. This form is characterised by the fact
that it is not only pointed but also made of a chisel shape, that is to say, with an
inclined face directed inwards of the vehicle and a vertical face directed outwards.
The result of this arrangement is that the water or mud is displaced entirely in
an inward direction by the inclined face, the vertical face having no tendency to
propel the mud outwards.
When the roadways over which the vehicle has to travel are very rough, so that
the inclined faces of the tyres might propel the mud with such force as to throw it
not only across the width of the vehicle, but also to some distance beyond the same
on the opposite side, mud guards might be provided as shewn at ss in the part plan
and elevation of a vehicle at Figs. 3 and 4, which guards may advantageously be
constructed of a caoutchouc plate p secured to a metal bars fixed to the end of a
rod which is mounted on the axle of the vehicle in such manner as to be readily
adjusted in proper position or detached. Owing to the flexible nature of the
plates p they are not subject to any violent blows from projections on the pavement,
stones, rails &c.
Tyres of the above described construction can be fixed to the metal rims of the
wheels in the ordinary manner as shewn in the section at Fig. 1. Fig. 2 shews an
improved construction in which the tyre A is formed with inward projecting
flanges which embrace the two sides of the metal rim B. The latter has
grooves formed on its outer surface for preventing the tyre from slipping upon it,
and the latter is furthermore secured to the rim B by means of two rings C C and
screw bolts D D.
By this mode of fastening, increased durability is afforded the tyre, as with the
ordinary mode of fastening the tyre becomes very rapidly worn along the lines
where it is nipped by the beads a a of the rim as at Fig. 1.
The form of rim shewn at Fig. 2 has no inner projections and consequently the
principal cause of wear of the tyres is done away with.
Dated this 20th day of November 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: An Improved Construction of Caoutchouc Tyres or Bands for Road
Wheels, and the Means of Securing the same.
I, NICHOLAS YAGN of 25 Basseinaja, St. Petersburg, Russia, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The caoutchouc tyres or bands of road wheels as at present employed have the
great disadvantage that when running in muddy weather, they cause the mud to be
thrown violently to either side from beneath the wheel, thereby bespattering the
foot passenger and walls of the buildings.
This is the case more particularly on rough pavement or stony roadways owing
mainly to the fact that the wheels in revolving rebound from the inequalities of the
road or in striking the mud with considerable force with the comparatively large
surface of the caoutchouc tyres throws the same with great force to either side.
This inconvenience may be reduced in some degree by making the tyres or bands
of a pointed or triangular transverse section, such as indicated at Figure A. or the
drawing accompanying my Provisional Specification. In this case the tyre comes
with a gradually increasing surface in contact with the mud, and consequently
displaces the same with less violence than is the case with an ordinary tyre.
According to my present invention however I almost entirely obviate the outward
splashing of the mud by making the tyre of the sectional form shewn at Figure B.
This form is characterised by the fact that it is not only pointed but also made of
a chisel shape, that is to say, with an inclined face directed inwards of the vehicle
and a vertical face directed outwards.
The result of this arrangement is that the water or mud is displaced entirely in
an inward direction by the inclined face; the vertical face having no tendency to
propel the mud outwards.
When the roadways over which the vehicle has to travel are very rough, so that
the inclined faces of the tyres might propel the mud with such force as to throw it
not only across the width of the vehicle, but also to some distance beyond the same
on the opposite side, mud guards might be provided as shewn at ss in the part plan
and elevation of a vehicle at Figs. 3 and 4, which guards may advantageously be
constructed of a caoutchouc plate p secured to a metal bar s fixed to the end of a
rod r which is mounted on tlie axle of the vehicle in such manner as to be readily
adjusted in proper position or detached. Owing to the flexible nature of the
plates p they are not subject to any violent blows from projections on the pavement,
stones, rails &c.
Tyres of the above described construction can be fixed to the metal rims of the
wheels in the ordinary manner as shewn in the section at Fig. 1. Fig. 2 shews an
improved construction in which the tyre A is formed with inward projecting
flanges bbwhich embrace the two sides of the metal rim B. The latter has
grooves formed on its outer surface for preventing the tyre from slipping upon it,
and the latter is furthermore secured to the rim B by means of two rings C C and
screw bolts D D.
By this mode of fastening increased durability is afforded the tyre as with the
ordinary mode of fastening the tyre becomes very rapidly worn along the lines
where it is nipped by the beads a a of the rim as at Fig. 1.
The form of rim shown at Fig. 2 has no inner projections and consequently the
principal cause of wear of the tyres is done away with.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A caoutchouc tyre for a road wheel of chisel shaped section with its inclined
face on the side towards the vehicle substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. Fixing a caoutchouc tyre on a wheel rim by means of two side rings screwed
to the rim over beaded flanges of the tyre, both the outer faces of the rim and the
inner face of the tyre being grooved or corrugated to prevent lateral slip of the
tyre.
-ו.י.מ
111 1
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.