IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS FOR HOLDING LIQUIDS.
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lawrence Gardner, of Whitecross Street,
London, Ink Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS FOR HOLDING LIQUIDS.".
Sealed the 30th March 1853, and dated the 1st October 1852:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joln Lawrence
Gardner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 1st October 1852.
I, JOHN LAWRENCE GARDNER, of Whitecross Street, London, Ink
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS FOR HOLDING FLUIDS." to be as
"follows:
My improvements consist in making bottles and other vessels with
an extra aperture or passage for the admission of air while the contents
of the bottle or vessel are being poured out. In ordinary bottles the
gurgling produced by the air forcing its way through the liquid while
being poured out is very objectionable, particularly in cases where the
liquid has deposited a sediment which it is desirable not to disturb.

page_text: Now my improvements entirely obviate this objection. In the accom-
panying Drawing I have shown the secondary aperture applied to
bottles of the ordinary form.
Fig 1, is a stone bottle having the air aperture a, upon the outer
part of the handle, and communicating with the interior; in Fig. 2,
it is placed within the neck of the bottle, as shown in dotted lines at b.
Fig. 3, is a glass bottle with the improvements applied to the neck; in
Fig. 4, it is shown as a second neck rising from the shoulder. Fig. 5,
is a vessel having two necks, and for certain kinds of fluids will be found
to answer much better than those in ordinary use. In using bottles
made with these improvements the flow of the fluid may be regulated
with the greatest case; a small quantity may be poured from a wide
mouthed vessel with as much facility as from a narrow mouth. Such
air passages or apertures may be made in cans or other metallic vessels.
I claim as my Invention the use of an air passage or double neck in
bottles or other vessels, whether of the ordinary form or not, and made
upon the inside of the ordinary neck, or formed upon the outside of the
bottle or vessel, but I do not confine myself to the precise forms I have
shown in the accompanying Drawing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Lawrence Gardner in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 1st April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN LAWRANCE GARDNER, of Whitecross Street, London, Ink Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said John Lawrance Gardner,
Her special licence that I, the said John Lawrance Gardner, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said

page_text: John Lawrance Gardner, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER
VESSELS FOR HOLDING LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Lawrance Gardner, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Lawrance Gardner, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:
My improvements in bottles and other vessels for holding liquids are
intended to prevent any inconvenience when pouring out liquids, from
the regurgitation of the air, which, in bottles of the ordinary construc-
tion, produces an uneven jerking flow, and disturbs any sediment or
crust that may have become deposited therein. This is owing to the
bubbles of air forcing their way through the liquid; and in some cases,
to avoid these effects, it is necessary to decant or pour off' the liquid and
allow it to settle again, in order that the disturbed sediment may again
be deposited or precipitated; and in pouring out acids, accidents some-
times are caused by the effects of regurgitation. Now my Invention
consists in the use of a second or extra aperture, passage, or channel in
bottles or other vessels for holding liquids, for the purpose of admitting
atmospheric air while the liquid is being poured out from such bottle
or other vessel.
Figure 1, in the Sheet of Drawings annexed hereunto shews a bottle
with a second or extra aperture. Figure 2, is a section of the same.
In moulding this bottle a triangular depression a, is made in the neck,
so as to divide it into two distinct channels b, c. Above the part a, the

page_text: neck is of the usual circular form. For the purpose of decanting its
contents it is held so that the channels b, c, are in a vertical direction.
Air passés through, the upper one, while the contents flow out equably
and without the sliglitest agitation by the lower channel.
In Figures
3 and 4, the air passage'd, is a small tube moulded on the inside of
the bottle, and not rising high enough to interfere with the cork. Upon
pouring out the contents the air will pass down the tube d, ensuring
an even flow of the fluid. In Figures 5, 6, the air passage is a tube.c,
formed upon the outside of the bottle, and provided with a supplementary
cork or stopper. In Figures 7, 8, the object is effected by the addition
In vessels
of the small neck f, formed on the shoulder of the bottle.
adapted for holding varnishes, oils, molasses, treacle, and other thick
matters, my improvements will be found useful by greatly facilitating
the pouring off the contents. Figures 9, 10, 11, represent some of
these improved bottles. In Figure 9, the air passages g, h, are pierced
through a portion of the material forming the neck. In Figures 10,
and 11, the air channels i, k,. are shown placed in front of and at the
back of the handle. Figures 12, 13, 14, shew my improvements
applied to carboys and other similar vessels. In Figure 12, the air
passage is shewn at l. Figure 13, is a vessel having two necks, one to
be used for pouring from, and the other for the admission of air. In
Figure 14, the air passage is at the side of the neck, similar to the
bottles shown at Figures 5, and 6. In using vessels' for acids, such as
herein described, the flow of the acid may be regulated by partially
stopping the air passage or supplementary neck. It will be obvious
that glass bottles or other vessels constructed according to my Inven-
tion may be made by moulding, pressing, and blowing, as is well known
in the glass trade, my improvements being only additions in some cases,
or making channels and passages in other cases.
.
Having now described the nature of my improvements, I desire it to
be understood that I make no claim to the forms of the bottles or other
vessel's herein-before described and shewn, neither do I restrict myself
to the use of these or any other form of bottle or vessel for holding
liquids; but I claiin as iny Invention the manufacture and use of
bottles and other vessels for holding liquids, having therein or thereon

page_text: a second or extra aperture, channel, or passage for the admission of
atmospheric air whilst pouring off the contents thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lawrance Gardner, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this First day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
J. L. (L.s.) GARDNER.