IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP, MILLBOARD, PAPER, FURNITURE, DOORS, WINDOW SASHES AND OTHER OBJECTS FOR BUILDING AND OTHER PURPOSES FROM PEAT MOSS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Jensen of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of
88
"
Middlesex for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER PULP, MILLBOARD, PAPER, FURNITURE, DOORS, WINDOW SASHES AND
OTHER OBJECTS FOR BUILDING AND OTHER PURPOSES FROM PEAT MOSS Com-
municated to him from abroad by Tallahofs Pappersbruks Aktiebolag of
Jönköping Sweden
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Jensen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th November 1882.
PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP, MILLBOARD, PAPER, FURNITURE,
DOORS WINDOW SASHES AND OTHER OBJECTS FOR BUILDING AND OTHER PURPOSES
"
FROM PEAT MOSS (A Communication to me from abroad by Tallahofs
Papper[s]bruks Aktiebolag of Jönköping, Sweden)
The object of this invention is to render available as a raw material for the above
purposes the mosses or lichens so plentiful in nature and especially white lichens
not however the fresh moss but such peat moss as has in course of time lost vitality
or growth and serves as a foundation for the new moss and accumulating through
ages to a great depth that is sometimes 36 feet deep and more.
In order from this material to make millboard the following treatment is
used: the peat moss is first well rinsed to free it from the adhering sand and
earth; it is then boiled for about an hour under a pressure of about four
atmospheres in a suitable boiling apparatus with about one per cent of soda of
the peat when dry, the soda being dissolved in water so as to completely cover
the material. The liquid is then drawn off and the material placed in a large
vessel wherein it is slaked or stirred with water so that any remaining sand and
earth may separate and deposit on the bottom and the material easily be separated
therefrom, also for removing the last trace of the soda lye. The material is then
deprived of so much of its water that it may assume a suitable condition for
undergoing a refining treatment with a view of cutting up any remaining roots
which may not have become detached during the boiling process.

page_text: The material is next run onto two sorting cylinders which are provided with
finer or coarser cloth according to the material or object to be manufactured. The
material is removed from the aforesaid vessel by means of an endless chain or
bucket pump and into an agitating vessel.
After the material has been treated in this manner it is ready to be used for
paper or millboard which is done in the usual large machines for such purpose.
It is obvious that the time for boiling and the quantity of soda must be modified
according to the kind of peat moss used and the article which it is desired to make
therefrom.
Millboard made from the material thus treated will withstand the fire quite as
well as any heretofore made. This and other good qualities of such millboard
render it very suitable for roofing material and for lining the interior of walls and
roofs.
If the material is to be bleached in order to be used for writing and drawing
paper and the like this is effected by any known method for instance by chloride
of lime and sulphuric acid and other substances which are suitable for bleaching.
To render the material suitable for building purposes such as doors and for
furniture and the like the moss is first rinsed in a large vessel the bottom of which
consists of coarse cloth and in which water is poured over it till the moss is quite
cleaned. The moss is removed herefrom to another adjoining vessel and about 3 per
cent of a glue is added consisting of rosin and soda and water is mixed with it till
it assumes a suitable consistency for being worked by rollers till the moss in a
fibrous condition becomes applicable as pulp for paper.
The material is then put on two sorting cylinders provided with coarser or finer
cloth all according to the product which it is desired to produce. The mass is now
mixed with about 20 per cent of pipeclay and inocuous colouring materials, the
latter according to the colour which it is desired to produce, the whole being
intimately mixed in a mixing vessel after which the mass is conveyed to a usual
millboard making machine where it is treated as usual in millboard manufactories
only with that difference that the cylinders or rollers must be so adjusted in size
that the length and breadth desired is produced. Then as many pieces of millboard
thus formed are placed upon each other as required for the thickness desired and
before they are dried are placed in a strong hydraulic press wherein they are so
compressed that they after drying become at least as hard as wood. By laying the
compressed pieces of millboard in suitable cast iron dies the mass can be given the
form and appearance desired.
It is not necessary that the mass should first be made into millboard before
being pressed into any desired form, but it may also be directly moulded and
pressed into the desired form.
The surfaces may be polished, painted, varnished or otherwise treated. Artificial
wood made in this manner has the advantage that it does not swell or crack and is
almost incombustible therefore it is not only generally applicable as suitable and
strong material but even a cheap building material.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Peter Jensen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th May 1883.
PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex
" IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP, MILLBOARD, PAPER, FURNITURE,
DOORS, WINDOW SASHES AND OTHER OBJECTS FOR BUILDING AND OTHER PURPOSES
FROM PEAT MOSS A communication to me from abroad by Tallahofs Pappersbruks
Aktiebolag of Jönköping, Sweden
"
The object of this invention is to render available as a raw material for the
above purposes the mosses or lichens so plentiful in nature and especially white
lichens not however the fresh moss but such peat moss as has in course of time lost
vitality or growth and serves as a foundation for the new moss and accumulating
through ages to a great depth that is sometimes 36 feet deep and more.
In order from this material to make millboard the following treatment is used,
the peat moss is first well rinsed to free it from the adhering sand and earth, it is
then boiled for about an hour under a pressure of about four atmospheres in a
suitable boiling apparatus with about one per cent of soda of the peat when dry
the soda being dissolved in water so as to completely cover the material. The
liquid is then drawn off and the material placed in a large vessel wherein it is
slaked or stirred with water so that any remaining sand and earth may separate
and deposit on the bottom and the material easily be separated therefrom, also for
removing the last trace of the soda lye. The material is then deprived of so much
of its water that it may assume a suitable condition for undergoing a refining
treatment with a view of cutting up any remaining roots which may not have
become detached during the boiling process.
The material is next run onto two sorting cylinders which are provided with
finer or coarser cloth according to the material or object to be manufactured. The
material is removed from the aforesaid vessel by means of an endless chain or
bucket pump and into an agitating vessel.
After the material has been treated in this manner it is ready to be used for
paper or millboard which is done in the usual large machines for such purpose.
It is obvious that the time for boiling and the quantity of soda must be modified
according to the kind of peat moss used and the article which it is desired to make
therefrom.
Millboard made from the material thus treated will withstand the fire quite as
well as any heretofore made. This and other good qualities of such mill board
render it very suitable for roofing material and for lining the interior of walls and
roofs.
If the material is to be bleached in order to be used for writing and drawing
paper and the like, this is effected by any known method for instance by chloride
of lime and sulphuric acid and other substances which are suitable for bleaching.
To render the material suitable for building purposes such as doors and for
furniture, mouldings ornamental or otherwise and for imitation sculpture and the
like the moss is first rinsed in a large vessel the bottom of which consists of coarse
cloth and in which water is poured over it till the moss is quite cleaned. The moss
is removed herefrom to another adjoining vessel and about 3 per cent of a glue is
added consisting of rosin and soda and water is mixed with it till it assumes a
suitable consistency for being worked by rollers till the moss in a fibrous condition
becomes applicable as pulp for paper.
The material is then put on two sorting cylinders provided with coarser or
finer cloth all according to the product which it is desired to produce The mass is

page_text: now mixed with about 20 per cent of pipe clay and innocuous colouring materials
the latter according to the colour which it is desired to produce the whole being
intimately mixed in a mixing vessel after which the mass is conveyed to a usual
mill-board making machine where it is treated as usual in millboard manufactories
only with that difference that the cylinders or rollers must be so adjusted in size
that the length and breadth desired is produced. Then as many pieces of millboard
thus formed are placed upon each other as required for the thickness desired and
before they are dried are placed in a strong hydraulic press wherein they are so
compressed that they after drying become at least as hard as wood. By laying the
compressed pieces of millboard in suitable cast iron dies the mass can be given the
form and appearance desired. It is not necessary that the mass should first be
'made into mill board before being pressed into any desired form, but it may also
be directly moulded and pressed into the desired form.
.
The surfaces may be polished, 'painted, varnished or otherwise treated. Artificial
wood made in this manner has the advantage that it does not swell or crack and
that it is almost incombustible therefore it is not only generally applicable as a
suitable and strong building material but even a cheap building material.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this invention and the
mode of carrying the same into effect as communicated to me I declare that
I claim
First: The berein described process for the manufacture of paper pulp paper,
and mill board from peat moss substantially as set forth.
Second-The herein described process for the manufacture of building materials,
doors, furniture imitations of sculpture and the like from peat moss and especially
white lichen peat moss substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Peter Jensen have hereunto set my hand and
seal this Twentyninth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three..
DOORD TENCENT Gol
INCEN סמס