Improvements in Gas Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Improvements in Gas Lamps.
We, THOMAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, Engineer, and WILLIAM MUDD STILL,
Manufacturer, both of 24 Charles Street, Hatton Garden, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to gas lamps of the kind described in the specification of
former Letters Patent, No. 435 of 1895 granted to one of us and No. 22,726 of 1895
granted to both of us, according to which a gas lamp having a closed bowl or
chamber is provided with a burner or burners adapted to project flame that presents
a broad or extended surface to a reflector constructed with a comparatively large
air supply opening located above or in proximity to the burner or with more than
one such opening each located above and in proximity to a burner and with an exit
for hot gases, the arrangement being such that the entering air will impinge upon
the upper surface of the flame extending from the burner, or from each burner, and
impart a curved form to such flame and direct it towards the gas exit opening or
openings leading to the chimney. Now this invention has reference to further
improvements in lamps of the kind above referred to. According thereto the
reflector is provided at its lower inner side near the edge thereof, with an air
opening or series of openings arranged above and in proximity to the burner or to
each burner which projects inward in a horizontal or approximately horizontal
direction towards the centre of the lamp and below and beyond the lower edge of
the reflector, the arrangement being such that the air will issue from the reflector in
a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction and practically parallel to the
issuing gas, and in passing to the gas exit opening or openings in the reflector,
will act to keep down the flame or flames so as to impart the desired shape thereto
and prevent it or them coming in contact with the reflector.
In one arrangement of lamp according to this invention the reflector is of dished
form with the lower portion of its periphery vertical or approximately so and is
perforated either around the entire circumference or only at parts adjacent to the
burners, the apertures in the reflector being at a slightly higher level than that of
the burners. At its central portion the reflector is provided with a hollow downward
extension which as seen in vertical section may advantageously be of truncated
conical form and as seen in horizontal section is of elongated or oval form and the
lower edge of which terminates preferably in a horizontal plane a short distance
above the burners. The form of the hollow downward extension may however be
varied to suit the number of burners employed, of which in some cases there may
be only one.
Above the reflector and carried thereby are baffle plates arranged in such a
manner as to form within the reflector annular air ways in which air on its way to
the perforations in the reflector becomes heated by contact with the reflector. The
arrangement is such that the heated air will issue from the perforations in the
reflector in a horizontal direction and in passing to the downward extension will
form an air cushion between the reflector and the flames which will have the required
shape imparted to them and will be kept clear of the reflector.

page_text: In a modified arrangement the reflector is made of a flat or approximately flat
circular form with a hollow downward extension at the centre and a vertical hollow rim
in the inner side of which are the air exit openings, of which there may be one or
several above each burner, or of which there may be a row all round the inner side
of the rim as owing to the burner. or burners' projecting inwardly some little
distance beyond the rim, they are not liable to be obstructed by soot or other
matter.
In each case the lamp chimney is or may be combined with the reflector which is
or may be made separately removable from the lamp body or casing, and the burner
or burners may be carried by a hinged or jointed gas supply pipe, or by a fixed
pipe in either of the ways described in the later of the two former specifications
herein before referred to.
In some cases the hollow downward extension may be dispensed with, the lower
end of the chimney being then made of such size as to prevent the too ready escape
thereto of the issuing air.
The shape of the reflector may be variously modified and in some cases, as where
the reflector is not removable, the burners may be lighted through a hole in the
bottom of the bowl as well understood. I prefer however for railway carriage
roof lighting to use a reflector that is removable with the chimney so that it can be
readily taken away, thereby enabling the curved arm carrying the burner or burners
to be moved upwardly on its hinge and so enable the interior of the bowl to be
cleaned.
CUMI DET
Improvements in Gas Lamps.
We, TномAS COOPER JOHN THOMAS, Engineer, and WILLIAM MUDD STILL,
Manufacturer, both of 24 Charles Street, Hatton Garden, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to gas lamps of the kind described in the specification of
former Letters Patent, No. 435 of 1895 granted to one of us, and No. 22,726 of 1895
granted to both of us, according to which a gas lamp having a closed bowl or
chamber is provided with a burner or burners adapted to project flame that presents
a broad or extended surface to a reflector constructed with a comparatively largo
air supply opening located above or in proximity to the burner or with more than
one such opening each located above and in proximity to a burner, and with an
exit for hot gases, the arrangement being such that the entering air will impinge
upon the upper surface of the flame extending from the burner, or from each
burner, and impart a curved form to such flame and direct it towards the gas exit
opening or openings leading to the chimney. Now this invention has reference to
further improvements in lamps of the kind above referred to. According thereto
the reflector is provided at its lower inner side near the edge thereof, with an air
opening or series of openings arranged above and in proximity to the burner or to
each burner which projects inward in a horizontal or approximately horizontal
direction towards the centre of the lamp and below and beyond the lower edge of
the reflector, the arrangement being such that the air will issue from the reflector

page_text: in a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction and practically parallel to the
issuing gas, and in passing to the gas exit opening or openings in the reflector, will
act to keep down the flame or flames so as to impart the desired shape thereto and
prevent it or them coming in contact with the reflector.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings shows in central vertical section, and Fig. 2
in horizontal section on the line of Fig. 1, one arrangement of gas lamp of the
kind referred to constructed according to our present invention.
In this arrangement the reflector 1 is of dished or concave form on its under side
with the lower portion 1 of its periphery vertical or approximately so, and
perforated either around the entire circumference, or, as shown at 2, only at parts
adjacent to the burners 3, the perforations being at a slightly higher level than that
of the burners of which two are shown arranged as herein before described. At its
central portion, the reflector is provided with a hollow downward extension, 1,
which, na soen in vertical section, may advantageously be of truncated conical form,
and as seen in horizontal section is of elongated or oval form and the lower edge of
which terminates preferably in a horizontal plane located a short distance above the
burners, all as shown. The form of the hollow downward extension 1b, may
however be varied to suit the number of burners employed of which in some cases
there may be only one.
Above the reflector and carried thereby, are annular baffle plates 4, 4 arranged
in such a manner as to form within the reflector annular air ways 5 in which air on
its way to the perforations 2 in the reflector will become heated by contact with the
reflector. The arrangement as will be seen is such that the heated air will issue
from the said perforations in a horizontal direction and in passing to the downward
extension 1b of the reflector will form an air cushion at 1x between the reflector and
the flames which will thereby have the required shape imparted to them and will
be kept clear of the reflector, the products of combustion escaping through the
central hollow extension 1 to the chimney G.
Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 1 showing a modified arrangement in which the
reflector 1 is made of a flat or approximately flat circular form with a hollow
downward extension 1b, at the centre and a vertical hollow rim 1* in the inner side
of which are the air exit openings 2 of which there may be one, as shown at the left
hand side of the figure, or several as shown at the right hand side of the said figure,
above each burner, or of which there may be a row all round the inner side of the
said rim, as, owing to the burners 3 projecting inwardly some little distance beyond
the rim, they are not liable to be obstructed by soot or other matter.
The annular air way 5 in this example may be formed by and between flat and
curved annular baffle plates 4, 4 respectively and the outer wall 1 of the reflector,
as shown at the left hand side of the figure, or between the reflector and a flat baffle
plate 4b, having an inner flanged opening 4, as shown at the right hand side of the
figure, the direction of the air flowing to the burners 3 and to the lamp bowl 7 being
indicated by arrows.
In some cases the hollow downward extension 1 such as shown in Figs. 1 and 3
may be dispensed with.
Fig. 4 is a vertical section showing such a construction in which the reflector is of
inverted conical shape having a perforated raised central portion for exit of products
of combustion and an annular outer vertical rim portion 1 in which are the
perforations 2 above the burners 3, the lower edge of the reflector being in a
horizontal plane located a short distance above the burners, so as to form, as in the
other examples shown, a cavity or space containing a body of air 1" below the
reflector and above the burners and flames.
In this arrangement the air way 5 is formed by and between the reflector and
two connected conical baffle plates 4, 4. As will be obvious however the.
arrangement of the baffle plates may in each case be variously modified to form the
air way or ways 5.
In each case the lamp chimney 6 may, as shown, be combined with the reflector
which is or may be made separately removable from the lamp body or casing 8, and

page_text: the burner or burners 3 may be carried by a hinged or jointed gas supply pipe 9
(Fig. 1) or by a fixed pipe 9 (Fig. 3) as described in the later of the two former
specifications herein before referred to.
Tho shape of the reflector may be variously modified and in some cases, as where
the reflector is not removable, the burners inay be lighted through a hole in the
bottom of the bowl as well understood. I prefer however for railway carriage roof
lighting to use a reflector that is removable with the chimney, as in the examples
shown, so that it can be readily taken away, thereby enabling the curved arm or gas
supply pipe 9 carrying the burner or burners 3 to be moved upwardly on its hinge 9b
and so enable the interior of the bowl to be cleaned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is :-
1. In a gas lamp of the kind herein referred to a reflector provided at its lower inner
side near the edge thereof with an air opening or series of openings arranged above
and in proximity to the burner, or to each burner which is arranged to project
inwards iu a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction towards the centre of
the lamp and below and beyond the lower edge of the reflector, the arrangement
being such that the air will issuo from the reflector in a horizontal or approximately
horizontal direction and practically parallel to the issuing gas and in passing to the
exit opening or openings in the reflector will act to keep down the flame or flames
so as to impart the desired shape thereto and prevent it or them coming in contact
with the reflector, substantially as described.
2. A gas lamp reflector provided at its outer periphery with a vertical or
approximately vertical hollow wall or rim having at one or more points around its
inner circumference an air exit opening or openings through which air will issue in
a horizontal or approximately horizontal direction towards the central portion of the
reflector which is provided with a hollow downward extension through which hot
gases and products of combustion can pass to the chimney and which forms with
the reflector a space or cavity to contain a body of air between the reflector and the
flame or flames extending from the burner or burners, substantially as described.
3. In lamps of the kind herein referred to, reflectors constructed and arranged
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference respectively to and shown in
Figs. 1 and 2; in Fig. 3, and in Fig. 4 of the drawings annexed.
Dated this 28th day of April 1807
Dated this 28th day of April 1897
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.