IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WASTE PAPER IN ORDER TO ITS BRING AGATE TEED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Lambert, of No. 35, Lothian Road,
Camberwell New Road, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WASTE PAPER IN ORDER TO ITS
BRING AGATE TEED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER."
Sealed the 29th December 1863, and dated the 16th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Lambert at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
July 1863.
I, BENJAMIN LAMBERT, of No. 35, Lothian Road, Camberwell New Road,
in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WASTE PAPER IN ORDER TO ITS BEING
AGAIN USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the preparation of waste paper in order to its being
again converted into pulp. For these purposes the waste paper is passed
through a duster to remove the loose dust, and is then softened either by hot
water or by steam, and then broken into half stuff in the ordinary rag engine.
In the breaking engine the greater portion of the earthy and other refuse and
coloring matters are as far as may be discharged by the usual operation of
washing, the half stuff is then ready for the treatment hereafter described.
The half stuff now consists of the original fibre coloring and resinous matters

page_text: together with a greater or lesser proportion of iron from the alumina used in
packing and other papers.
According to my Invention, the half stuff is first boiled in an alkaline ley
either under pressure or otherwise (caustic by preference, and of a spec. grav.,
say of 1004, water being 1000) for about four hours, but the time may be
shortened or prolonged according to the character of the half stuff. If
necessary the half stuff is then macerated for about twelve hours in the
alkaline liquor, and then drained and washed in an ordinary rag engine; or if
boiled in a rag engine, the half stuff should be beat in the liquid during the
boiling. In the case of very rough stuff with an admixture of coarse straw,
it may be desirable to boil under high pressure for the purpose of reducing any
siliceous matter.
The half stuff having been boiled and washed is next steeped in an acid
bath, sulphuric acid or oxalic acid preferred. If the former acid be used then
at a spec. grav. of about 1001, and if the latter acid be employed then at a spec.
grav. of about 1-0012, the duration of time in this bath depends on the quality
of the stuff. The acid is next for the most part separated, which may be con-
veniently done by pressure, a quantity of the acid being allowed to remain to
aid in the process of bleaching. The half stuff when ready is next steeped in
a solution of the best commercial chloride of lime sp. gr. of about 1.0025,
where it is allowed to remain until the proper colour is obtained. After
bleaching the half stuff is removed in the ordinary way either into an inter-
mediate or a beating engine direct and prepared for the paper machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Lambert in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th January 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
LAMBERT, of No. 85, Lothian Road, Camberwell New Road, in the County of
Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Benjamin Lambert, Her special licence that I, the said
Benjamin Lambert, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Benjamin Lambert, my executors, administrators, and assigns,

page_text: should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed; should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WASTE PAPER IN ORDER TO ITS BEING
AGAIN USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER,": upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Benjamin Lambert, my exécutors or administrators;
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe. and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Benjamin Lambert, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to the preparation of waste paper in order to its
being again converted into pulp. For these purposes the waste paper is
passed through a duster to remove the loose dust, and is then softened either
by hot water or by steam, and then broken into half stuff in the ordinary rag
engine. In the breaking engine the greater portion of the earthy and other
refuse and coloring matters are as far as may be discharged by the usual
operation of washing, the half stuff is then ready for the treatment hereafter
described. The half stuff now consists of the original fibre coloring and
resinous matters, together with a greater or lesser proportion of iron from the
alumina used in packing and other papers.
According to my Invention the half stuff is first boiled in an alkaline ley
either under pressure or otherwise (caustic by preference, and of a spec. grav.,
say of 1.004, water being 1·000) for about four hours, but the time may be
shortened or prolonged according to the character of the half stuff. If
necessary the half stuff is then macerated for about twelve hours in the
alkaline liquor, and then drained and washed in an ordinary rag engine; or if
boiled in rag engine the half stuff should be beat in the liquid during the
boiling. In the case of very rough stuff with an admixture of coarse straw, it
may be desirable to boil under high pressure for the purpose of reducing any
siliceous matter.
The half stuff having been boiled and washed is next steeped in an acid
bath, sulphuric acid or oxalic acid preferred; if the former acid be used, then
at a spec. grav. f about 1-001, and if the latter acid be employed, then at a

page_text: spec. grav. of about 1.001.2. The duration of the time in this bath depends on
the quality of the stuff. The acid is next for the most part separated, which
may be conveniently done by pressure, a quantity of the acid being allowed to
remain to aid in the process of bleaching. The half stuff, when ready, is next
steeped in a solution of the best commercial chloride of. lime sp. gr. of about
1.002.5, where it is allowed to remain until the proper color is obtained. After
bleaching the half stuff is removed in the ordinary way either into an inter-
mediate or a beating engine direct, and prepared for the paper machine.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Lambert, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.