Year: 1897

page_text: I, ALEXANDER WINTON, of 37 Bolton Place, Cleveland, in the County of Cuya-
hoga, and State of Ohio, Inventor and mechanical engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My present invention relates to improvements in Explosive Engines, and is of
that type in which hydrocarbon liquid is used for generating the explosive mix-
ture, and to means for regulating the flow thereof. It also pertains to a governor
for regulating the admission of mixed air and gas to the explosion chamber, and
to automatic means for shutting off the flow of hydro-carbon liquid except when
the cylinder of the engine is being charged.
One object of my present invention is to provide a a very sensitive governor for
regulating the amount of explosive mixture which is permitted to pass into the
cylinder, according to the speed of the engine, and hence according to the work-
ing resistance or load on the engine.
Another essential feature of this invention is to provide means for shutting off
completely the flow of hydrocarbon liquid except when the cylinder is being
charged and to relatively regulate the amount of air and hydrocarbon fed at each
charge, whereby the quality of the charge remains practically the same whether
the charge be small or large.
This invention also pertains to a governor and hydrocarbon feeding device for
Fourcycle system explosive engines, whereby the governor will regulate not only
the amount of charge admitted to each cylinder and the quantity thereof, but
should the load of the engine be light it will control the charging valves so that
but one cylinder will be in operation.
In carryin out my invention I provide a valve for each cylinder of the engine,
and these valves are connected with pistons or diaphragms, the movements of the
pistons or diaphragms being controlled or actuated by air or hydraulic pressure
which is furnished by means of a pump, the latter being in turn operated by the
engine, the pump being connected with the pistons or diaphragms through a pipe
or other suitable communication. A governor is situated in this communication
between the pump and diaphragms or pistons, for regulating the pressure under
the pistons or diaphragms.
The operation of this part of my invention is, that when the engine is running
at a normal speed there is a constant escape of air permitted by the governor from
the communication, but should the speed of the engine increase, the governor
will close the said escape, which causes an increased pressure on the pistons or
diaphragms respectively, thus controlling through said pressure the amount of
explosive mixture admitted through the inlet ports to the evlinders, and thereby
the amount of charge. Should any variation in the speed of the engine occur, the
governor will vary the pressure on the diaphragms, and thus regulate the speed
of the engine.
Another important feature of this invention, is the difference in size of the

page_text: diaphragms, the object of which is to cause one cylinder to be shut off entirely
when the engine is running light. This is brought about, in that owing to the
increased area of one diaphragm or piston over the other less pressure is required
to operate one than the other, so that when the engine is running light, the
governor will so regulate the pressure, that one diaphragm will hold its inlet
valve tightly closed, while the other will permit its cylinder to take a charge.
In this case but one cylinder is at work when the engine is running light, thus
effecting a saving in wear and tear, and also in material..
The fluid feed is connected with the diaphragms or pistons, so that when air is
admitted to be mixed with the explosive fluid or gas, the feed will be open, but
when the valve is closed, the feed will be likewise closed. A gate or valve is also
provided for regulating the amount of air to be fed, and this in turn is regulated
to operate in proportion to the amount of fluid fed, so that the quality of the charge
will remain always the same, no matter whether the charge be small or large.
This is considered an important feature in explosive engines, and is adapted for use
in any style of engine, and in connection with any explosive material or gas.
Dated this 20th day of January 1897
F. WISE HOWORTH.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.
Agent for the Applicant.
I, ALEXANDER WINTON, of 37 Bolton Place, Cleveland, Cuyahoga, State of Ohio,
United States of America, Inventor and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in explosive engines, and pertains to an
automatic governor for regulating the admission of air and gas, and to automatic
means for shutting off the flow of the hydrocarbon liquid except when the cylinder
of the engine is being charged.
One object of my present invention is to provide a very sensitive and reliable
governor for regulating the amount of the explosive mixture which is permitted
to pass into the cylinder, according to the speed of the engine, and hence according
to the working resistance or load on the engine.
Another object of my invention is to provide means for shutting off completely
the flow of hydrocarbon liquid except when the cylinder is being charged and to
relatively regulate the amount of air and hydrocarbon fed at each charge, whereby
the quality of the charge remains practically the same whether the charge be large
or small.
This invention also pertains to a governor and hydrocarbon feeding device for
four cycle system explosive engines whereby the governor will regulate not only
the amount of charge admitted to each cylinder and the quality thereof, but should
the load of the engine be light it will control the charging valves so that but one
cylinder will be in operation.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a side view of an engine embodying my invention, the cylinder and
charge regulating valve being 'shown in section.
Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the relative location of the parts embodying my
invention.

page_text: Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the charge regulating valve and the
ydro-carbon and air feed regulating devices.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of my invention, the governor being shown in section.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the pressure actuated valve and members
Referring now to the drawings, A is the cylinder and S the ordinary water
jacket, J the pitman, and L the piston and M the balance wheels. The engine
s of the ordinary four cycle Otto system and need have no minute description
given thereof, but in which I is the exhaust valve and H the exhaust port, and G
the dash-pot or air cushion to prevent hammering or noise in the receding of the
exhaust valve I.
One part of my invention relates to the regulating of the admission of the
explosion mixture to the cylinder, and in which F and K are valves regulating
ports for the two cylinders of the engine respectively, each valve having a valve
stem ", K', connected with pistons E and D situated in the piston chambers E
and D¹ respectively.
a is the air pump actuated by the drive shaft e of the engine through the medium
of an eccentric rod b, and the air pump is in communication with the piston
chambers E, D¹ through the medium of a pipe c connected with a pipe f, the
latter uniting the two cylinders as clearly shown in Figs.
and 4.
The valves F and K are initially held to their seats by suitable coiled springs
m, and mixing pipes N are in communication with the charging ports for convey-
ing an explosion mixture therethrough to the cylinders.
A ball governor L' of the usual type is connected with the pipe c, and situated
between the air pump a and the piston cylinders E¹, 1 beneath the pistons E
and D respectively. This governor is rotated by means of a belt n passing around
a pulleys upon the driving shaft e in the usual manner and the stem of the said
governor has its end formed into a valve C which controls the air outlet B of the
pipe c.
The operation of this part of my invention is, that when the engine is running
at a normal speed there is a constant escape of air out the air outlet B, but should
the speed of the engine increase the stem of the governor is forced endwise causing
the valve C to close the air outlet B and cause a pressure upon the pistons E and
D respectively and thereby control through said pressure the amount of explosive
mixture admitted through the ports into the cylinders by holding the valves
and K near their seats and regulating thereby the amount of charge as will
readily be understood.
Should any variation occur in the speed of the engine, the valve C instantly
opens or closes, thus increasing or decreasing the pressure upon the pistons E and
1), and thereby increasing and decreasing the amount of charge and thus regu-
lating the speed of the engine as will be readily conceived. The governor just
described is found to be very sensitive, and thus to enable me to regulate very
accurately the speed of the engine according to the load thereon.
It will be noticed that the piston E is smaller than the piston D, the object of
which is to cause one cylinder to be shut off entirely when the engine is running
light. Owing to the increased area of the piston 1 it requires less air pressure
in its cylinder to hold its valve K tightly against its seat than the piston E, so that
when the engine is running light, the governor will so regulate the pressure as will
be readily understood, as to hold the valve K tight to its seat while permitting
a charge through the port controlled by the valve F of the small cylinder E..
The apparatus for regulating the mixing of the explosive fluid, with the air,
consists in connecting the pistons E and D) therewith in a manner to be now de-
scribed, whereby the movement of the pistons will regulate the admission of air
and liquid.
i indicates hydrocarbon reservoirs connected' through the medium of pipes i to
the pipes N. A needle valve O is interposed between the end of the pipe and the
air or mixing pipe or tube N whereby the amount of hydrocarbon fed to the
mixing tube N is readily regulated to a nicety.
A bell crank lever Mi is pivotally connected at the point to the cylinders E¹

page_text: 7. The combination with an explosive engine having a plurality of cylinders
with explosive inlet ports, valves for controlling the ports, a pressure actuated
member for each valve, a pressure producing device in communication with the
pressure actuated member, the pressure actuated members having different working
capacities for the purpose described.
8. The combination with an explosive engine having a plurality of cylinders
with explosive inlet ports, valves for controlling the ports, a pressure actuated
member for each valve, a pressure producing device in communication with the
pressure actuated members, the pressure actuated members working upon their
valves with different degrees of force, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
9. In an explosive engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders having
explosive inlet ports, valves controlling the same, diaphragms or pistons controlling
the valves, one diaphragm or piston having a greater area than the other, a
pressure producing device in communication with the said pistons or diaphragms,
and a governor situated between the pressure producing device and the said pistons
or diaphragms, substantially as described.
10. The combination with an explosive engine, the cylinder having an explosive
inlet port, a mixing tube in communication therewith, a fluid feeder in com-
munication wth the mixing tube, a controller therefor, a controller for the said
explosive inlet port valve, an air regulating valve for the said mixing tube, and
operative connection between the valve controller and the fluid and air controllers,
substantially as described.
11. The combination in an explosive engine of the cylinder having an explosive
inlet port, a mixer in communication therewith, a fluid feeder in communi-
cation with the mixer, an air regulating device for the said mixer, a controller
for the said valve, and a connection between the air regulator and the valve
controller, substantially as described.
12. The combination with an explosive engine cylinder having an explosive
inlet port, a valve adapted to control the same, a mixer in communication with
the said port, a controller for the valve, a bell crank lever having one end con-
nected with the controller, a fluid feeder in communication with the mixer, a
controller for the fluid feeder, the said controller being connected with the opposite
end of the bell crank lever, substantially as described.
13. The combination in an explosive engine of the cylinder having an explosive
inlet port, a valve adapted to control the same, a mixer in communication with
the said port, a controller for the valve, a bell crank lever having one end con-
nected with the controller, a fluid feeder in communication with the mixer, the
controller for the fluid feeder, an air controller for the mixer, the fluid controller
and the air controller being connected with the opposite end of the bell crank
lever, substantially as described.
14. In an explosive engine the combination of a cylinder having an explosive
inlet port, the valve controlling the same, a mixer in communication with the port,
a controller for the valve, a fluid feeder in communication with the mixer, a
controller for the fluid feeder, and a lever connection between the fluid controller
and the valve controller whereby when the valve controller is moved the fluid
controller is likewise moved and operated, substantially as described.
15. The improved explosive engine shown in and described with reference to
the annexed drawings.
Dated this 16th day of Octobe
1007
and D¹ respectively, the lower end of the bell crank lever being pivotally con-
nected to the pistons E and D respectively. A cap P is shaped to close the needle
valve opening or nozzle w when forced inward, and the outer end of this cap P
is loosely connected with the upper portion of the bell crank lever M¹. At a point
aliove the cap P and within the mixing tube N is a gate or valve Q having its
end also loosely connected with the upper extremity of the bell crank lever M¹.
From this description it will be readily seen that when the engine is being
charged the pistons E and D are drawn downward and the cap P and gate Q
moved away from their nozzles an hydrocarbon admitted and also air admitted
in the upper ends of the pipes N. When the valves F and K are closed the pistons
E and D moving upward force the caps in and shut off the flow of hydrocarbon
and move the valve Q in to stop the flow of air. It is not necessary however that
the flow of air be stopped, the main object being to permit à flow of hydrocarbon
only when it is needed. The object of having the gate or valve Q is to regulate
the amount of air admitted to the mixing tube N in proportion to the amount of
hydrocarbon admitted thereto, whereby the quality of the fluid admitted to the
cylinders of the engine is always the same no matter whether the charge be large
or small as will be readily understood.
By means of mechanism as above described I am enabled to accurately and
reliably regulate the speed of the engine and to prevent any flooding of hydro-
carbon, and to cause at all times practically the same quality of explosive fluid
to be generated and fed to the cylinders of the engine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The combination in an engine having a plurality of cylinders provided with
inlet ports, valves controlling said ports, pistons or diaphragms controlling the
valves, the area of one piston being greater than the area of the other piston, and
a pressure producing device in communication with the pistons or diaphragms,
substantially as described.
2. The combination in an explosive engine, of the cylinder having an explosive
inlet port, a valve controlling said port, a controller for the valve, a fluid feeder
in communication with said port, and a fluid controller operatively connected
with the valve controller, substantially as described.
3. The combination in an explosive engine, of an explosive inlet port, a valve
therefor, a pressure producing device, a pressure actuated member controlling
said valve, a communication between said pressure producing device and said
pressure actuated member, an external escape for the pressure, and a governor
controlling said escape, substantially as described.
4. In an explosive engine, the combination of an explosive inlet port, a valve
therefor, a pressure producing device, a pressure actuated member controlling
said valve, a communication between said pressure producing device and said
pressure actuated member, a pressure escape having communication with the
atmosphere, and a governor controlling said escape, substantially as described.
5. In an explosive engine, the combination of an explosive inlet port, a valve
therefor actuated in one direction by the action of the engine piston, a pressure
actuated member acting against said piston action and operatively connected with
the valve, a pressure producing device in communication with said pressure actu-
ated member, a pressure escape, and a governor controlling said pressure escape,
substantially as described.
6. In an explosive engine, the combination of an explosive inlet port, a valve
'controlling said port, a pressure actuated member controlling said valve, a pressure
producing device in communication with said pressure actuated member, a pressure
escape in communication with one side of said pressure actuated member, and out
of communication with the other side of said member, and a governor for said
escape, substantially as described.
F. WISE HOWORTH.
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.
Agent for the Applicant.