IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clarke, of Chilvers Coton, in the County of
Warwick, Schoolmaster, and John Richmond, of Chilvers Coton, afore--
said, Ribbon Draughtsman,. for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 31st October 1862, and dated the 6th May 1862..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clarke and John
Richmond at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th May 1862.
We, JOHN CLARKE, of Chilvers Coton, in the County of Warwick, School--
master, and JOHN RICHMOND, of Chilvers Coton, aforesaid, Ribbon. Draughts-
man, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in weaving textile fabrics, such as plain and fancy
tweeds, doeskins, merinos, silks, satins, sarcenettes, ribbons,,scarfs, broad silks,.
broadcloths, shawls, handkerchiefs, and the like, in the following manner :-
We attach to each leash cord a number or series of loops and pattern cords,.
by which the patterns may be varied. The Invention may be used in con-
nection with the jacquard machine, satin jacks, or any other machine now in
use to make any kind or style of pattern, merely by the attachment or
detachment of the pattern cords and loops which are placed above the compasa

page_text: board in the present loom. The levers are raised in succession by pressing on
treadles. The same set of cards will make any pattern that may be desired,
instead of requiring new cards as in the jacquard machine.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Clarke and John Richmond in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
CLARKE, of Chilvers Coton, in the County of Warwick, Schoolmaster, and
JOHN RICHMOND, of Chilvers Coton, aforesaid, Ribbon Draughtsman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Clarke and John Richmond, Her special licence that we, the said
John Clarke and John Richmond, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said John Clarke and John Richmond, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Clarke and John
Richmond, or one of us, our exccutors or administrators, by an instrument
in' writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
'
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Clarke and John Richmond,
do bereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, reference being bad to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
.
Our Invention consists in weaving textile fabrics, susch as plain and fancy
tweeds, doeskins, merinoes, silks, satins, sarcenettes, ribbons, scarfs, broad

page_text: silks, broadcloths, shawls, handkerchiefs, and the like, in the following
manner: We attach to each leash cord a number or series of loops and pattern
cords, by which the patterns may be varied. The Invention may be used in
connection with the jacquard machine, satin jacks, or any other machine now
in use to make any kind or style of pattern, merely by the attachment or
detachment of the pattern cords and loops which are placed above the
compass board in the present loom. The levers are raised in succession by
means of treadles. The same set of cords will make any pattern that may
be desired, instead of requiring new cords, as in the jacquard machine.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a side elevation, and Figure 2
a front view of a loom fitted according to our Invention; Figure 3 is a view
of a portion of the back of the loom, more clearly shewing that particular part
to which our Invention refers; Figure 4 is a plan, and Figure 5 a section of
the compass board.
The leashes or pattern cords a, a, are united by loops to the upper heddle
bars b, b, carrying the heddles or leashes c, c, which have an up-and-down
motion imparted to them through cords d, d, attached at one end to the lower
heddle bars e, e, and at the other to levers or "lambs" f, f, receiving motion
from the treadles g, g. The cords a, a, pass through holes in blocks h, h,
which slide in grooves formed in the compass board. These blocks are
intended to separate each cord, and to prevent those on one side interfering
with those on the other. Sometimes, however, we dispense with the blocks.
Above the compass board loops i, i, i, are connected to the cords a, a, and
other cords h, k, k, or continuations of the loops are carried up and fastened
to the levers or tumblers 1, 1, which latter are free to oscillate on the spindles
ท, ทน. At Figure 3 we have shown a double set of tumblers, one on each
side of the machine, to which the cords are attached, whereas at Figures 1
and 2 there is only one set, and the cords in that case meet in the centre, as
there shewn. In either case, however, the action produced on the pattern
cords and heddles is similar. The number of loops attached to each pattern
cord is regulated according to the pattern to be produced, the more com-
pleted the pattern the greater must be the number of loops; m, n, are the
shuttle boxes; o is the batten block; p, the batten sword; q, the open shed
of warp; and r is the roller for receiving the manufactured fabric. To work
a pattern with these cords, we take our card with the design drawn thereon,
then according to the heddles which are required to rise to divide the warp
threads for the shuttle to pass through, so we fasten the cords to the tumblers
or levers 1, 1, above. When a heddle has to rise several times to form the
pattern, then for every rise we connect one loop to the cords a; say, for-

page_text: instance, it has to rise three times, then we connect three loops, as shewn at
Figure 3. Each loop is connected by cords & to separate tumblers I, so that
by the depression of the tumblers we are enabled to regulate the rise and fall
of the heddles, whereby the desired pattern is produced.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim as our improve-
ments in looms for weaving, attaching to each leash or pattern cord a series
of loops, in manner and for the purpose herein-before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clarke, for myself and on behalf
of the said John Richmond, have hereunto set my hand and seal,
this Fifth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-two.
JOHN CLARKE. (L.S.)