Improvements in Machinery for Manufacturing Earthenware or like Sanitary Pipes and similar Articles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 18th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 28th Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Manufacturing Earthenware or like
Sanitary Pipes and similar Articles.
I REGINALD STANLEY of Nuneaton in the County of Warwick Brick and
Tile Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the Complete Specification and drawings attached to an application made by
me for a Patent for "6 Improved method of and means for forming sockets
"dated the
on earthenware and like sanitary pipes or for analogous purposes
2nd February 1892 and numbered 2015-1 describe certain apparatus or parts of
socketting moulds or dies constructed especially for the purpose of carrying out
the method therein described of forming sockets or shoulders on earthenware cr
like goods and the object of my present invention is to construct a machine for.
manufacturing sanitary pipes and the like that shall more fully and effectually enable
the aforesaid method and means to be generally used.
In erecting my machine I may mount on girders suitably supported the main
framing or casting supporting the steam cylinder in which reciprocates a piston
having attached at the top a piston rod extending upwardly to the top of the
machine and terminating in a cap as hereafter described and having also attached
to its under side a piston rod extending downwardly and carrying at its extremity
the plunger for pressing the clay in the main clay cylinder. Bolted to and suspended
from the main framing is the main clay cylinder within which is rigidly fixed the
core which is made hollow for the purpose of introducing the supplementary stream
of clay or material in forming the socket and I prefer to make a core of larger
diameter or swelled out above the die through which the plastic material is forced
so that after it has been separated by passing the bar carrying the core.
more closely pressed together before entering the die. In some cases
the core by means of a ring of metal of suitable section.
I.
may
may
be
swell
Below the mouth of the main clay cylinder I attach the butt die and arrange the
usual rising and falling table carrying the socketting ring with the specially devised
means for injecting clay to the socket; guides are provided and also means for
raising and lowering the table such guides being secured above to the main
framing and below to the bottom plate carried by brick work or otherwise and
below which is a pit or sump for the end of the lower plunger to work in.
Resting normally on this bottom plate is a crosshead, rigidly attached and con-
nected to an upper crosshead by rods or bolts-the upper crosshead resting normally
above the steam cylinder and its upper inlet. Near the upper extremity of the top
piston rod are holes or indents and pivotted to the upper crosshead is one of a series
of levers (or other suitable device) working a locking bolt taking into one of the
indents for the purpose of locking the crosshead to the piston rod on its downward
stroke; a bolting arrangement actuated by levers is also fixed to the lower cross-
head and a hole or slot formed in the lower plunger rod which works through a
hole in the crosshead so that the said lower plunger and lower crosshead may be
locked together when it is desired to press the supplementary clay in the subsidiary
cylinder described in my former Specification upwardly. Levers and rods actuated
by the rise of the lower crosshead may close a cut off valve in the hollow core
preventing the return of the clay from the mould or die on the upward stroke of
the lower plunger. A valve with requisite gearing is provided for the purpose of
admitting steam alternately above and below the piston in steam cylinder.
In order to more effectually close up the socket ring and its support to the
bottom of the pipe mould or die, I may provide a loose circular plate on which are

page_text: snugs or projections and to the outside of the socket mould or die I attach inclined
plates or surfaces over which the snugs or projections on the loose circular plate
carrying the socket ring may ride on the said plate being revolved by hand or
other means.
The socket ring revolving with the circular plate serves also to cut off the
streams of clay that are forced through the small perforations in the socket
ring by the process hereinafter described thus enabling the socketted pipe to
be picked off the ring and table after its completion without any sticking or
difficulty.
The cap or head of the upper or main piston rod may strike triggers attached to
levers or similar devices so as to automatically control the steam valve, the cut off
for the clay, the revolving plate, or other gearing.
The operation of my machine will be generally somewhat as follows although I
may find it convenient to alter the details and it will be seen that I utilize the return
stroke of the upper or main piston rod for the purpose of directly pressing the
material in the subsidiary cylinder or socketting ring and so injecting it through the
perforations therein.
The upper or main plunger being withdrawn from its cylinder and resting at its
full height and the table or platform having risen to its proper place close to the
bottom of the mould. or die the revolving plate carrying the snugs is turned so
as to secure the socketting ring or its equivalent more closely in position by reason
of the said snugs riding up the inclined projections on the outside of the main die,
the inside of socket ring fitting closely around the bottom of the core which is
tapered or bevelled so as to allow for free entrance and keeping the core in position
in the die the revolution or partial revolution of the plate being effected either by
hand or an automatic device.
Steam is now admitted through the alternating valve to the top of the steam
cylinder causing the piston to descend and the cap on top of the piston rod may
engage with a trigger or the like connected by levers and cranks with the clay
cut off valve so as to automatically open the same; the plunger block at end of rod
below the piston may now enter the main clay cylinder and compress the clay or
material therein forcing the bulk into the main die and at the same time a portion
down through the hollow core into the inside of the socketting die or ring and
subsidiary cylinder.
One of the bolts pivotted or attached to upper crosshead is now made to enter
one of the recesses of the upper piston rod so as to secure the two together and at
the same time the bolts on lower crosshead is caused to engage with hole or recess
in lower plunger. The entrance of steam is now reversed in steam cylinder and
introduced below the piston causing it to ascend carrying with it the connected
crossheads and consequently the lower plunger the head of which rests in the
lower portion of the subsidiary cylinder ascends within the same and forces a portion
of the clay therein through the perforations in the socketting ring or die into the
socket mould.
If a threading device be used so as to form a screw or worm in the socket or the
reverse this may be arranged to be turned by a wheel or other device.
The main clay valve if worked automatically may be closed on the lower cross-
head commencing to rise by its passing and striking one end of a trigger or lever
connected by rods and cranks with the said valve or other devices may be employed-
the closing of the said clay valve preventing the return of clay or material into the
main clay cylinder.
On the return of the crossheads the upper one is released from the top piston rod
by the bolt being shot back automatically by reason of the tapered or inclined
shape of the holes or recesses. The lower bolt may be then withdrawn by hand
so as to allowed the plunger rod to descend when the table or platform is lowered
steam being introduced again above the piston so as to effect a second descent
thereof.
The pipe is now.completely moulded and on its withdrawal steam is introduced

page_text: below the piston so as to raise it again to its full heighth and the cycle of operations
recommences.
When the pipe and platform is descending air may be admitted through a valve
in lower plunger so as to separate it from the clay or material above in the subsidiary
cylinder.
I may form a worm or screw of any desired pitch on the socketting device and
so arrange it to work or partially revolve through the platform so as to form a
thread in the socket before the withdrawal of the pipe.
Dated this 14th day of December 1892.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Manufacturing Earthenware or like
Sanitary Pipes and similar Articles.
I REGINALD STANLEY of Nuneaton in the County of Warwick Brick and Tile
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
In the Complete Specification and drawings attached to an application made by
me for a Patent for " Improved method of and means for forming sockets on
earthenware and like sanitary pipes or for analogous purposes," dated the
2nd February 1892, and numbered 2015, I describe certain apparatus or parts of
socketting moulds or dies constructed especially for the purpose of carrying out the
method therein described of forming sockets or shoulders on earthenware or like
goods, and the object of my present invention is to construct a machine for
manufacturing sanitary pipes and the like that shall more fully and effectually
enable the aforesaid method and means to be generally used, and in describing my
said invention I shall refer to the drawings attached to this Specification and the
figures and reference letters thereon.
Figure 1, Sheets 1 and 2, is a general view of a machine constructed according
to my invention,
Figure 2 is a detailed drawing of the means I employ for forming threaded
sockets, and
Figure 3 shews in side view an arrangement for tipping the completed pipe into
a cradle.
In erecting my machine 1 may mount on girders A. A, suitably supported, the
main framing or casting B supporting the steam cylinder C, in which reciprocates
a piston having a piston rod D extending upwardly to the top of the machine and
terminating in a cap or projection E, as hereafter described, the piston rod D
passing through piston and extending downwardly and carrying at its extremity the
plunger F for pressing the clay in the main clay cylinder G; bolted to and
suspended from the main framing B is the main clay cylinder G, within which
is rigidly fixed the core H which is made hollow or otherwise for the purpose of
introducing the supplementary stream of clay or material in forming the socket.
Below the mouth G' of the main clay cylinder G 1 attach the butt die J, and
arrange the usual rising and falling table K carrying the socketting ring or
block L, with the specially devised means for ejecting clay to the socket. The
usual guides are provided and also means for raising and lowering the table, such
guides being secured above to the main framing, and below to the bottom plate M
carried by brickwork or otherwise, and below which is a pit or sump for the end of
the lower plunger on rod T to work in.
Resting normally on this bottom plate M is a crosshead N rigidly attached and
connected to an upper crosshead N' by rods or bolts O. O, the upper cross head N'
resting normally above the steam cylinder C. Near the upper extremity of the

page_text: top piston rod D are holes or indents P. P. P, and pivotted to the upper cross-
head N' is a system of levers Q, Q, Q, Q³, (or other suitable device) working,
locking bolts R. R. taking into one of the indents P. P. P, said levers being
actuated by handle S for the purpose of locking the cross head N¹ to the piston
rod D when required; a bolt U actuated by lever V and handle V' is also fixed to
the lower crosshead, and. a. hole or slot formed in the lower plunger rod T which
works through a hole in the cross-head, so that the said lower plunger and lower
crosshead may be locked together when it is desired to press the supplementary
clay in the subsidiary cylinder W, as described in my former Specification,
upwardly.
The upper and lower crossheads are always rigidly connected by the rods or
bolts O: 0, and the lower crosshead N has at one end a projection a for the purpose
of engaging with end of bell crank lever b, pivotted at c on a bracket d, which
works rod e centrolling clay valve X in clay cylinder G which admits clay through
the core to mould and prevents return of same on the upward stroke of plunger
rod T. An alternating valve Y is provided for admitting steam alternately above
and below the piston in steam cylinder, and is controlled by rocking lever with
handle Z.
The cap or head E of the upper or main piston rod D strikes a trigger fattached
to a lever g so as to automatically control' the cut off for the clay by means of rod h.
The main piston rod D is grooved as at i and a pin or feather (not shewn) on the
crosshead N works in this groove and so steadies the said piston rod, keeping it
from turning and so securing the proper action of the locking bolts R. R. and
trigger f.
Instead of the socket rings shewn and described in my former Specification, I
may provide a socket ring or block such as L, having therein an annular channel!
in which the edge of the pipe socket may rest, and also concentric with said channel
a raised portion or tenon m, taking into a corresponding recess or mortise in the
bottom of the die mould n, so as to form a perfect joint. I also provide a
similarly formed joint where the bottom of the core meets the socket ring or block
as at o.
In order to partially relieve the piston from the weight of the crossheads when
bolted thereto, 1 provide chains p passing over pullies, and to which are attached
balance weights, such pullies and weights not being shewn on drawings.
When the table is raised to its position before forming a pipe, bolts or studs qon
the same connect it in the usual way with the bottom of the clay cylinder by means
of a locking arrangement worked by handle r.
Valves s. are provided in the upper and lower plunger blocks and also at t. t'
in the socketting portion of the mouthpiece, these latter valves, or one of them,
being if desired so formed as to impress a word, name, or device on the pipe. In
order to allow of the plunger releasing itself from the clay remaining in socket
mould before descending and so permit free admission of air through valve s', I
attach by studs to the base of core H a circular plate v having an orifice w at or
near its centre.
In forming the thread, when required, on the interior face of socket I prefer to
employ a device as shewn on Figure 2, Sheet 3, in which the worm, instead of
being caused to revolve through the table or platform, is revolved and withdrawn
from the pipe socket as follows:-
Instead of the mouthpiece n Figure 1 Sheet 2 being jointed at m to the socket
block Lit rests upon and is jointed to a separate carrier ring 1. at m, (Figure 2),
which said carrier ring is threaded as shewn and provided with handles 2. 2. by
means of which the pipe and die block L can be removed bodily together from the
machine, after pressure, and placed upon a turntable or potter's wheel 3. The
underside of the die block L has holes 4 in which take spring controlled pins 5, by
means of which the die block L is turned with the turntable 3, actuated' by any
suitable gearing such as shewn, the carrier ring 1 during this operation being held
firmly by the handles 2. 2.

page_text: The die block is divided obliquely as shewn at 6. 6. forming two concentric rings,
so that on the outer or threaded portion 7 being rotated by the means described, the
inner portion 8. 8. remains stationary and supports the butt of the pipe and prevents
the shoulder sinking. On the turntable are two rings or flanges, the inner one 9
having a flange on which rests the stationary part 8 of the die block which is
separated from it by ball bearings, so allowing said flange to rotate with the table
whilst the inner portion of die block 8 is prevented from so rotating to a great
extent.
The apertures for clay may be alternately horizontal as at 10 and sloping down-
wards as at 11 or otherwise arranged so that clay may be evenly distributed in the
socket.
The turntable, with die block and pipe, may be made to tip the pipe off into a
cradle by any ordinary means or as suggested by Figure 3.
The operation of my machine will be generally somewhat as follows although I
may find it convenient to alter the details, and it will be seen that I utilize the
return stroke of the upper or main piston rod for the purpose of directly pressing
the material in the subsidiary cylinder or socketting ring and so injecting it through
the perforations therein.
The upper or main plunger F being withdrawn from its cylinder G and resting at
its full height, and the table or platform K having risen to its proper place close to
the bottom of the mould or die and table secured by studs q.
Steam is admitted through the alternating valve Y to the top of the steam
cylinder C, causing the piston to descend and the cap E on top of the piston rod D
to engage with a trigger for the like, connected by levers and cranks with the clay
cut off valve X so as to automatically open the same; the plunger block F at end
of rod below the piston may now enter the main clay cylinder G and compress the
clay or material therein, forcing the bulk into the die, and, at the same time, a
portion down through the hollow core into the inside of the socketting die or ring L
and subsidiary cylinder W.
One of the bolts R, pivotted or attached to upper cross head N¹, is now made to
enter one of the recesses P. P. of the upper piston rod so as to secure the two
together, and at the same time the bolt U on lower crosshead N is caused to engage
with hole or recess in lower plunger T. The entrance of steam is now reversed in
steam cylinder and introduced below the piston, causing it to ascend, carrying with
it the connected crossheads; and consequently the lower plunger T, the head of
which rests in the lower portion of the subsidiary cylinder W. ascends, within the
same and forces a portion of the clay therein through the perforations in the
socketting ring or die into the socket mould.
If a threading device be used so as to form a screw or worm in the socket
or the reverse, this may be arranged to be turned by a wheel or other device.
The main clay valve, if worked automatically, may be closed on the lower cross-
head commencing to rise by a projection a passing and striking one end of a trigger
or lever connected by rods and cranks with the said valve, or other devices may
be employed, the closing of the said clay valve preventing the return of clay or
material into the main clay cylinder.
On the return of the crossheads the upper one is released from the top piston rod
by the bolt being shot back automatically by reason of the tapered or inclined
shape of the hole or recesses P. P. The lower bolt may be then withdrawn by
hand so as to allow the plunger rod to descend when the table or platform is
lowered, steam being introduced again above the piston so as to effect a second
descent thereof.
The pipe is now completely moulded and on its withdrawal steam is introduced
below the piston so as to raise it again to its full height and the cycle of operations
recommences.
When the pipe and platform is descending, air may be admitted through a
valve s' in lower plunger so as to separate it from the clay or material above in the
subsidiary cylinder.
.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The arrangement and construction of machinery for manufacturing earthen-
ware or like sanitary pipes or similar articles substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to Figure 1, Sheets 1 and 2, of the accompanying drawings.
2. In machinery for manufacturing earthenware or like sanitary pipes and similar
articles the combination of the various parts herein before described and illustrated
by Figure 1, Sheets 1 and 2, of the accompanying drawings, consisting of the usual
arrangement of steam cylinder with plunger and clay cylinder, in combination with
the means for forming socket described in my Patent No. 2015 dated 2nd February
1892, and crossheads such as N. N¹ connected together and capable of being bolted
to and released from piston rod automatically for the purpose of actuating lower
plunger T and clay cut off valve X, substantially as hereinbefore described and as
illustrated by Figure 1, Sheets 1 and 2, of the accompanying drawings.
3. In machinery for manufacturing earthenware and like sanitary pipes and
similar articles the means for threading the socket, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figure 2 on the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 18th day of September 1893.
POPPLEWELL & Co.,
17 & 18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.