IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SASHES AND FRAMES FOR THE PROTECTION OF FLOWERS, FRUIT, AND OTHER TREES AND PLANTS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Lloyd, of Westgate, Grantham, in the
County of Lincoln, Ironmonger, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION OF SASHES AND FRAMES FOR THE PROTECTION OF FLOWERS,
FRUIT, AND OTHER TREES AND PLANTS."
I, EDWIN LLOYD, of Westgate, Grantham, in the County of Lincoln,
Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF SASHES AND FRAMES FOR THE. PROTECTION OF
FLOWERS, FRUIT, AND OTHER TREES AND PLANTS," to be as follows:-

page_text: temperature or other injurious causes, and consists in making the sash
or frame proper of a combination of single and double grooved or
channelled bars, so arranged that the panes or sheets of glass or other
material can be slid into position without the use of putty or other
cement. The sashes or frames can be arranged as top or side lights
of conservatories, greenhouses, hothouses, and similar buildings, or as
separate frames with gutters for attaching to walls or to brackets
thereon
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edwin Lloyd in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 31st July 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
LLOYD, of Westgate, Grantham, in the County of Lincoln, Ironmonger,
send greeting.
1
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her:
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Edwin Lloyd, Her special licence that-
I, the said Edwin Lloyd, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Edwin Lloyd, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times, thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel>
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF
SASHES AND FRAMES FOR THE PROTECTION OF FLOWERS, FRUIT, AND OTHER TREES
AND PLANTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edwin
Lloyd, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in. writing:
་

page_text: under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediatale after the
T 11
D

page_text: necessity for using small or comparatively small panes of glass a
longitudinal double-grooved rail can be used, such as I have shown in
Figure 3, or several of such rails can be used when large-sized sashes
are required, whether the glass has to be placed in a vertical or an
inclined position, such as is usual for greenhouses, hothouses, and other
similar structures.
In Figure 4 I have shown a portion of a greenhouse or conservatory
with the panes of glass slid in, end on, between the sash rails A, B, C,
in the manner before explained, although I do not desire to limit myself
to fitting the sash frames in a horizontal manner as there shown, because
they can be fitted vertically equally well or at an inclination.
In Figures 5 and 6 I have shown two other examples for which this
construction of sash frame is applicable, the former being held in
position as a wall fruit protector by brackets g, h, secured to the wall by
bolts and nuts, the bracket stems being slotted for a certain distance to
permit of the frame being raised as the tree grows previous to bearing
fruit, and of being lowered after the fruit season, or when the tree is
trimmed up. The other example, Figure 6, has the sash frame hinged
to a forcing frame as a top light, the panes of glass being prevented
from falling out should the ground upon which it stands be uneven by
curled lips or bent over clips m, m.
I prefer to make the brackets with a double groove at the front and
with a pin or stud for taking into a standard n for supporting the front.
edge of the frame in the manner shown in Figure 7, the grooves serving
to support eaves gutters, which can be arranged separately along the
front edge to receive the rain water which would flow down the glass
and under the front top bar a of the frame; by this means all rain water
can be run to one end to be collected in a tub or other vessel placed to
receive it.
In the case of greenhouses and other similar structures I propose to
prepare metal strips of
or zig-zag shape to form a joint, one portion
to lay upon the lower pane of glass, and the other portion to act as a
support for the lower edge of the next upper pane of glass, the zig-zag
strips being held in position by nails or other means of attachment to

page_text: the end frame pieces, or the intermediate ones as desired. A detached
view of a zig-zag piece with two panes of glass is shown in Figure 8.
:
In the previous description I have referred to panes of glass as being
used, but metal plates, slates, or other material in sheets, corrugated,
perforated, or plain; can be used in a similar manner; by this means huts,
workmen's temporary dwellings, sentry and railway signalmen's boxes can
be erected of a portable character, and be taken to pieces in a short time
and packed for transport, the glass or the metal sheets being simply slid
in and out of the sash bars without the use of putty or other cement to
hold them in place. I have not shown a view of one of these structures,
but it will easily be understood that it is only necessary to fit up the
corner and other pósts to form a skeleton framing to which the sash
frames can be attached, and then to slide the glass, slates, metal sheets,
or other flat surfaces into position. This is also the case with green-
houses or other erections. The sash frames can also be used to cover
plants or for other purposes without additional frames or supports, the
Invention as a whole being applicable to many purposes both in and out
of a garden for which it is specially intended.
In the case of rows of plants, or seeds that are to be protected from
O the ravages of birds or insects, the frames can be set at an angle so that
the top edges rest against each other, thus ^, the ends being covered
up by a board or end pieces shaped to fit.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
:
Firstly. Making sash and other similar frames of pieces of metal,
wood, or other material from separate pieces, by which grooves are
formed for receiving glass or other body in sheets in the manner
described and shown.
Secondly. The means of attaching such frames in the sides, ends, or
tops of temporary buildings of any description, whether used in the
manner described or otherwise.
Thirdly. I claim the employment of such frames or sashes upon or
to walls by means of brackets, whether they are slotted or other-
wise, for protecting wall fruit or plants, substantially as described and
5 shown.

page_text: And, fourthly. I claim the formation of brackets with curved or
socketed ends for holding the eaves gutters, as described and shown, as
also the means of supporting the front edges of such brackets.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Lloyd, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of July One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-two..