An Improved Magnetic Regulator for the Carbons of Arc Lamps.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 23rd June, 1896-Accepted, 15th Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Magnetic Regulator for the Carbons of Arc Lamps.
1, FREDERIC KLOSTERMANN of 123 Rue St. Maur, Paris in the Republic of
France, Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention refers to the method of regulating the supply of the carbons of
arc lamps, and consists of a system in which the forward motion of the carbons is
produced by the attraction of a magnetised core or cylinder of soft iron acting
through the intermediary of a wedge shaped piece of metal upon an isolated erown
of soft iron mounted on a spindle, which spindle also carries a chain wheel gearing
with a chain one end of which connects to the upper or positive carbon-carrier
while the other end passes over a pulley and descending connects to the frame by
which the lower or negative carbon-carrier is carried. The attraction of the
maguetised core causes the crown to revolve and draws the chain forward which
lowers the upper carbon while it raises the lower thus bringing them sufficiently
close together to cause the current to form the arc. The current then ceases to
magnetise the core and the action of the chain is stopped.
This is effected by an arrangement of magnets, solenoids, springs, contacts,
wires, screws, and other necessary fittings so that the required action takes place
instantaneously and automatically when the carbons have become burnt and
separated. The lower or negative carbon-carrier is seated on two portions of
spheres held in two concave bearings in such a manner as to allow of the lower
carbon being adjustable to bring it into correct juxtaposition with the upper
carbon.
Dated this 20th day of February 1896
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97 Newgate Street, London, Patent Agent.
I, FREDERIC KLOSTERMANN of 123 Rue St. Maur, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention refers to an improved magnetic carbon regulator for electric arc
lamps which will serve equally well for continuous or alternating currents.
It consists of a method of regulating the supply of the carbons by which the
forward motion of the carbons is produced by the attraction of a magnetised core
or cylinder of soft iron acting through the intermediary of a wedge shaped piece
of metal upon an isolated crown of soft iron mounted on a spindle, which spindle
also carries a chain wheel gearing with a chain, one end of which connects to the
upper or positive carbon-carrier, while the other end passes over a pulley and
descending connects to the frame by which the lower or negative carbon-carrier is
673

page_text: supported. The attraction of the magnetised core causes the crown to revolve, and
draws the chain forward, which lowers the upper carbon, while it raises the lower,
thus bringing them sufficiently close together to cause the current to form the arc.
The current then ceases to magnetise the core and the action of the chain is
stopped.
This is effected by an arrangement of magnets, solenoids, springs, contacts, wires,
screws and other necessary fittings bereafter described, so that the required action
takes place instantaneously and automatically, when the carbons have become
burnt and separated. The lower or negative carbon-carrier is seated on two
portions of spheres held in two concave bearings, in such a manner as to allow of
the lower carbon being adjustable, to bring it into correct juxtaposition with the
upper carbon.
I will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which,
Figs. 1 and 2 are front and side clevations of an are lamp made necording to my
invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan of the upper carbon holder, and
Fig. 4 is a plan of the lower carbon holder."
The current enters at the terminal K' and after being distributed through the
frame of the regulator, it passes to the positive carbon holder R. The passage of
the current is further assured by the flexible wire g'. The current then passes
through the carbons and reascends from the negative carbon holder to the interior
terminal & through the flexible wire A
The support U of the negative carbon holder is insulated from the guide C₁, and
the guide is insulated from the support of the positive carbon holder, which it
guides by two points of glass g², as shown in Fig. 3. It is moreover insulated from
the frame. From the terminal 2, the current traverses the solenoid A composed
of stout coiled wire. In the interior of this solenoid is fixed a soft iron core C²,
and a moveable soft iron core B to be attracted by magnetic power of the core C
When no current is passing, this core B is held by a spring, the action of which is
regulated by an insulated screw d³.
This
The sliding core B carries fixed on its upper end a tongue of soft iron K which
is magnetically insulated from the core B' by a tongue or sheet of copper.
core also carries a small pulley J, over which runs a chain H, attached to each
extremity of which, are the positive and negative carbon holders. The latter are
insulated from the chain H by silk cords.
The current passing through the solenoid attracts the core B, towards C2, the
tongue of iron K, clings to the crown of soft iron F, mounted upon a shaft E and
prevents the same from turning in either direction. The pulley J, descends at the
same time with the core B, and causes the chain to slacken, and the negative carbon
holder descends by its own weight, whilst the positive carbon holder has not
moved to any appreciable extent. The carbons being now separated the are is in
operation.
A secondary current is taken over the frame, being made secure by the auxiliary
wire i, passes through the core D, to the balance M, the contact being made by a
point of platinum p, and it thence traverses a solenoid of fine wire C to the
extremity of the wire, and finally escapes by the wire of the solenoid A.
secondary current becomes gradually stronger, proportionally to the consumption
of the carbons, the fixed core C³ attracts the core of soft iron D, with more force,
which carries on its upper part a small angular. block L which slightly oscillates
upon a non-magnetic hinge. A copper screw g, holds this block against the
core D.
When the current passes through the solenoid C, the core D, descends, counter-
balancing the action of the spring R', the block L is pressed against the crown of
soft iron 1, which is double the size of F, and communicates to it a slight rotatory
movement, overcoming the opposing resistance of the tongue K, forced by attraction
upon the crown F, the leverage being double. This crown I, is mounted upon a

page_text: non-magnetic copper disc fixed upon the shaft E, which also carries a toothed
wheel G gearing with the chain H in such a manner that the positive carhon
descends at the same time, as the negative carbon ascends. On its descent, the soft
iron core D, draws away by attraction the balance M, which is insulated from its
axle N. The oscillations of this balance are very small and limited by the insulated
screws O, P. When the core D, descends a certain distance, the balance M abuts
against the screw P and is arrested. The core D then continues to descend, and
the contact is broken between it and the balance M, and the current does not
pass.
The balance is then quickly righted by repulsion through tooth rand_the
spring R. by the medium of the balance or pivot lever Q, restores the core D to
contact with the balance M. The current then passes again and the same phases
are gone through, every descent of the core D bringing the carbons slightly nearer
to each other.
In order to be able to adapt this regulator to carbons of large sizes, and to
facilitate the rapid fixing of same, the positive carbon carrier is formed with two
copper screws y, y, which are moved together and apart, by the screws V, V.
The support of the negative carbon is formed of a claw d terminating in a base,
fitting on a hemi-sphere or portion of a ball 1, through which, and the carbon
carrier U, passes a screw f³.
Against the bottom of the carbon carrier is pressed another hemi-sphere held in
place by a nut screwing on f³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A magnetic regulator for arc lamps, in which the forward motion of the
carbons is produced by the attraction of a core of soft iron D, acting by the
intervention of the angle piece L, upon a crown of soft iron I, magnetically
insulated, and mounted on an axle E, which axle carries a toothed wheel G,
engaging with chain H, the core B being provided with a tongue K, which sticks
against the wheel F on same axle as the toothed wheel G, in order to retard same,
as herein explained and set forth.
2. In combination with the means herein described, a system of lighting assured
by a pulley J, mounted on the plunger or moveable core B, for the purpose of
producing the descent of the negative carbon holder alone, as herein described and
set forth.
3. A positive carbon carrier composed of two screws y, y, of copper or other
material adjusted by the screws V. V. as herein described and set forth.
4. A negative carbon carrier, composed of two portions of a sphere held or
wedged against the carbon holder U, by the claw of the negative carbon carrier,
and by the screw, the whole as herein described and set forth.
Dated this 23rd day of June 1896.
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97 Newgate Street, E.C., Patent Agent.