Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Liquids from Solids.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Feb.. 1850
Complete Specification Left, 5th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 6th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Liquids from Solids.
We HENRY WADE DEACON of Appleton House Widnes in the County of
Lancaster Alkali Manufacturer and VERO CHARLES DRIFFIELD of Mill Brow
Appleton Widnes aforesaid do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
According to this invention we provide a vessel in the form of a perforated
truncated cone having its larger end downwards. It is lined with a filtering medium
such for example as wire gauze or filter cloth or both. The upper or smaller end of
the cone is closed by a cover preferably dished and securely attached to the cone.
Through this cover passes a perforated pipe which reaches nearly to the lower end of
the cone and is preferably made taper the smaller end being downwards. The lower
end of the cone is closed by means of a cover which can be securely fixed in place
and opened or removed for the purpose of discharging the contents of the cone.
This lower cover should be of such size as to leave the full area of the cone open so
that nothing impedes the discharge by gravitation of the solid filtered material when
the cover is opened or removed. We prefer to make this cover also of dished shape
and to perforate it and line it with a filtering medium. If the apparatus be of large
size mechanical means may be provided for opening and closing the lower cover.
The matter to be treated is passed into and through the perforated pipe (which may
be effected by means of a pump) into the conical vessel until the desired pressure is
attained and if it is desired to wash the solid material water is afterwards pumped
through. The lower cover is then opened or removed when the solid material will
usually fall out; should it fail to do so we may admit steam into the conical vessel
which may be effected by a pipe passing through the upper cover.
The filtered liquid
may be collected by means of a shoot placed beneath the conical vessel which shoot
can be removed to admit of opening or removing the lower cover and discharging the
solid material.
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11
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J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Liquids from Solids.
We HENRY WADE DEACON of Appleton House Widnes in the County of
Lancaster Alkali Manufacturer and VERO CHARLES DRIFFIELD of Mill Brow,
Appleton Widnes aforesaid Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to this invention we provide a vessel in the form of a perforated
truncated cone having its larger end downwards. It is lined with a filtering medium
such for example as wire gauze or filter cloth, or both. We prefer the innermost
lining to be made of smooth perforated sheet metal in order to facilitate the discharge
of the solid material after the liquid has been separated as far as possible. The upper,
and smaller end of the cone is closed by a cover, preferably dished, and securely
attached to the cone. Through this cover passes a pipe which reaches nearly to the
lower end of the cone. The lower end of the cone is closed by means of a cover
which can be securely fixed in place and opened or removed for the purpose of dis-
charging the contents of the cone. We prefer to attach the said lower cover to the
cone by means of binges, and the said lower cover should be of such size as to leave
Pris/1

page_text: the full area of the cone open (when the said cover is turned down or removed) so
that nothing then impedes the discharge by gravitation of the solid material from
which the liquid has been removed. We also prefer to make the lower cover dish
shaped and to perforate it and line it with a filtering medium. If the apparatus be of
large size, mechanical means may be provided for opening and closing the lower
cover.
.
The accompanying drawing represents in sectional elevation: an apparatus
constructed according to this invention.
The matter (ie. a mechanical mixture of a solid and a liquid) to be treated, is
passed into the vessel A through the pipe B which may be done by means of a pump
connected with the pipe B by a branch C until the desired pressure is attained. The
vessel A and its lower cover a are of perforated material and are lined with filtering
medium. The solid matter is retained within the vessel A, and the liquid is discharged
through the filtering medium and the perforations in the walls and lower cover of the
conical vessel A. This liquid may be collected in a moveable tray D from whence it is
conveyed away by means of a pipe d and shoot or trough E. When the pressure
gauge F on the pipe B indicates that the desired pressure has been reached, we may
either proceed to discharge the solid material, or, if desired, we may pump water or
the like through it in order to wash it. We find it advantageous not to completely
fill the vessel A with solid material because the time and the pressure needed to do
this are altogether out of proportion to the additional solid matter retained in the
vessel, and because the incomplete filling of the vessel greatly facilitates the subsequent
discharge of the solid material therefrom. We thus purposely leave in the vessel a
certain amount of unfiltered liquid. This we withdraw through the pipe B which,
being full, acts as a syphon when the tap G, situated at a lower level, thereon is
opened. By withdrawing the liquid as described, air enters into the vessel A through
the perforations and tends to loosen the solid material from the walls of the vessel.
When the liquid is completely discharged we push aside the tray D (which may be
mounted on wheels as shewn) and proceed to remove the bolts or other attachments
for fastening the lower cover, temporarily securing it by means of the fork H. When
all the bolts are removed this fork is withdrawn and the cover can be removed or
turned on its hinge at a² and the solid material directly follows, dropping through an
opening in the floor. If it be desired to break the fall of the solid material, we
provide beneath the opening in the floor a knife edge which cuts, or knife edges as
at I which cut up and spread the mass and so reduce the shock to the receptacle which
receives the material. It is useful to provide a steam pipe J communicating with the
interior of the vessel A for the purpose of cleaning the filtering medium or for causing
the removal of any solid material which may adhere to the said vessel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. For separating liquids from solids a perforated conical vessel set vertically (or
approximately so) lined with filtering medium and provided with an inlet for the liquid
and solid matters to be separated and having a lower part which can be turned down
or aside or removed substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The combination with a filtering vessel of a feed pipe provided with means
whereby it can be used as a syphon pipe substantially as and for the purpose
hereinbefore described.
3. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the apparatus for
separating liquids from solids substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 5th day of November 1890
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.