Improvements in Machines for Wrapping Newspapers and other Publications.
Year: 1892

page_text: ate of Application, 15th Nov., 1892-Accepted, 7th Jan., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by Messieurs R. HOE & COMPANY, of 504, Grand
Street, in the City of New York, United States of America, Printing
Machine Manufacturers.
Improvements in Machines for Wrapping Newspapers and other
Publications.
I, PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The desirability of a simple machine which will automatically fold papers and
other publications to the size suitable for mailing and apply a wrapper thereto,
and which is adapted to wrap publications of different sizes and thicknesses, has
long been recognised, and machines of various constructions have been devised for
this purpose.
In the machine embodying the present invention, the method of
winding or rolling is employed, and in carrying out the invention, a simple core is
used, upon which the paper and wrapper are wound or rolled, the wrapper being of
sufficient length to extend entirely about the core and paper thereon, and overlap
upon itself for gumming, so as to seal and secure the paper. The core may be
stationary during the wrapping operation, and the paper wound upon the core by
carrying the paper and wrapper about the core, but it is preferable to wind the
paper upon the core by rotating the latter, and in order to cause the paper to wind
tightly, and within a small compass, an abutment or wiper is preferably employed
outside the core, by which the paper and wrapper are pressed during the operation
of winding. This wiper is preferably made stationary, and of such a construction
as to yield and adapt itself to successive layers upon the core, and to publications
of different thicknesses. For this purpose, the wiper, may be of spring metal, or
mounted in spring bearings.
The core may be constructed of any suitable form to hold the paper and
wrapper during the process of winding, and it is evident that a very simple
construction may be used and prove efficient for this purpose, and that the best
form of core will depend largely upon the character of the publication to be
wrapped.
The core which is considered preferable for general use, however, is adapted to
hold the paper at one end during the operation of wrapping, and in one of its
preferred forms consists of a cylinder having an opening on one side to receive the
paper. The form of core is efficient with no means for seizing the paper other
than that of the edges of the opening as the paper is bent by wrapping about the
core, which thus form grippers, but it is preferred to use, especially for thin
publications, such as newspapers of a few pages, some form of movable grippers to
seize the paper as it is received within the cylinder, these grippers being auto-
matically operated, so as to seize the paper at the proper time, during or before the
winding process, and to release it after the wrapper is applied and sealed, so as to
permit the removal of the wrapped paper from the core.
The wrapper may be applied in either of two ways, both satisfactory, and one
or the other of which may be used, according to the length or character of the
paper to be wrapped. With a paper of such length that a convenient product may
be formed by winding the paper about the core, so as to superpose the whole or
a part of a second or third layer thereon, the wrapper is preferably applied by
placing its leading end inside the rear end of the paper, as the latter is about to be
closed down upon the previous layer or layers upon the core, so that the end of the
wrapper will be closed in between the layers of the paper, and held as it is wrapped
about the previously wound paper. This method will be found to economize in

page_text: the wrapper material, by reducing the length of the wrapper in all cases to a
little more than one circumference of the wound paper, although the paper is long,
and wound to a small size. The leading ends of the paper and wrapper may,
however, be presented to the core together, so that the two are wound together
upon the core. It is evident that when the length of the paper is greater than the
circumference of the core, this method involves the use of a longer wrapper than
the method above described. When, however, the length of the paper is less
than one circumference of the core, this method of applying the wrapper is
preferably used, the paper thus extending over a portion of the core, and the
wrapper completing the circuit and securing the wrapper in the same manner as
before, except that the wrapped paper, on being removed from the core, will spring
out, forming a flat product. This method, employing a large core, may be found
desirable in wrapping art magazines and other publications which require to be
wrapped flat, full size.
After the paper has been wound and wrapped, it may be removed from the core
either by pushing it end wise off the core, or by withdrawing the core, permitting
the paper to fall. In carrying out the former method, a movable ejector is
provided, which acts against the end of the paper, and is preferably carried by
arms upon a plunger mounted to slide within the core, the ejector pushing the
paper before it during the advance movement of the plunger. In carrying out
the latter method, the core is preferably formed in two parts, arranged opposite
each other, so that the paper is supported at opposite sides, and delivered by
withdrawing the two parts of the core in opposite directions, a proper support of
the paper during the wrapping operation being thus provided, without extending
the core but a short distance inside the paper, and a small outward movement of the
two parts of the core releases the paper.
The core is preferably so constructed, and a spring wiper employed and so
positioned relatively to the core, that the paper and wrapper are wound closely
upon the core, and the paper supported firmly thereby during the operation of
wrapping, the size of the wrapped product being thus determined by the size of the
core. With a stiff product, however, this construction may be varied, so that the
paper is not wound closely upon the core, but is wound, and the wrapper secured,
by the pressure of the paper against the wiper produced by the resistance of the
paper to bending, or the paper may be wound closely upon the core, as it is
advanced at substantially the same rate of speed, by feeding devices, and the wiper
pressed against the paper only after the paper is nearly or completely wound, the
pasted end of the wrapper thus being secured.
To enable the paper to be more easily removed, if the paper be wound closely
upon the core, a collapsible core is preferably used. In the preferred construction
of such core, a portion of the core wall is mounted in such a manner that it may
be withdrawn within the core, and in the construction embodying an ejector, this
collapsible section is preferably made of spring metal, and used also as the
movable gripper above referred to, by which the paper is seized, being held in
position to close the gripper during the winding of the paper, and automatically
withdrawn to open the gripper when the paper is to be removed from the core.
While it is possible to deliver the wrapped papers directly from the core, with
the core is preferably combined a drying chamber to which the wrapped papers
pass from the core, and in which they remain a sufficient length of time to permit
the paste or other adhesive material by which the wrappers are secured to set, and
this drying chamber is preferably heated to hasten this setting. The drying
chamber will be so formed as to hold the wrapped paper in form until the paste
has set, or provided with suitable means for this purpose. A simple and convenient
construction, which has been found effective for this purpose, is that of a cylinder,
or partial cylinder, forming a continuation of the core, into which the papers are
successively pushed from the core by the ejector, this cylinder being preferably
made of sufficient length to hold two papers, so that each paper remains in the
drying chamber during the operation of wrapping the two next papers.

page_text: The papers may be delivered in circular form, but in many cases a flat form is
preferable, and for this purpose the core may be so formed as to produce a
substantially flat product, but for the purpose of producing this form of product,
the papers are preferably delivered from the core, or drying chamber, to flattening
mechanism, which may be of any suitable construction. Thus, two flat surfaces
may be used between which the papers are delivered, these surfaces moving toward
and from each other, so that the papers, as they pass to the final delivery, are
pressed one or more times between the surfaces and flattened, or belts between
which the papers are advanced and flattened.
The simplest form of machine embodying the invention has but a single core,
and it is evident that such a machine may be of very simple construction, and may
be operated at a comparatively high rate of speed. The capacity of the machine
is increased largely, however, by using a plurality of cores receiving and wrapping
papers successively. These cores may be arranged and operated in any suitable
manner, but they are preferably mounted in a rotating carrier, so that the cores
have two movements, one a movement of rotation by which the paper and wrapper
are wound, and the other a movement of revolution about the axis of the carrier,
by which the cores are successively brought into position to receive a paper and
wrapper, and to deliver a wrapped paper to the drying chamber above described,
or to a delivery of such other form as may be employed.
The papers may be taken directly from the last folding devices of a folding
machine, or the delivery mechanism of a printing press, which thus form paper
feeding mechanism, but where the papers are previously printed, and the wrapping
machine is an independent machine, they will preferably be placed folded or
unfolded in a feeding box or holder, and fed mechanically to the core, either with
or without folding, as preferred. The wrappers also may be previously cut and
placed in a feeding box or holder in the machine, from which they are fed to the
core by suitable feeding mechanism, but it is preferable to use a wrapper web, and
sever wrappers of the desired length in the machine, and pasting devices are also
provided by which a portion of the wrapper is rendered adhesive, for securing the
wrapped paper. In connection with the improved wrapping machine, certain
improvements in sheet feeding methods and mechanisms have been devised, which
also form parts of the present invention.
It is evident that the machine thus briefly outlined, may be varied widely in
construction, and that the form and arrangement of the different feeding, pasting,
wrapping, and delivering devices, will depend largely upon the size and character
of the publication to be wrapped, and the form of product desired.
For the purpose of illustration, however, there is showa, in the accompanying
drawings, a complete automatic machine embodying the invention in one of the
preferred forms, and certain modified forms of construction, and a full description
thereof will now be given, and the features forming the invention pointed out in the
clains, reference being had to the drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete machine.
Figure 2 is a plan view.
Figure 3 is a front elevation, the shell of the heating chamber being sectioned.
Figure 4 is a front elevation of the delivery end of the machine.
Figure 5 is an end elevation of the delivery shoot.
Figure 6 is a sectional diagram, the section being taken on the line 6-6 of
Figs. 2 and 3, showing the feeding mechanism as feeding without folding, and the
wrapper as received by the core, after the paper is partly wound.
Figure 7 is a similar view, showing the paper feeding mechanism as operating to
impart a fold to the paper, before delivering it to the core, and the paper and
wrapper as received by the core simultaneously.
Figure 8 shows the operation of folding, and a modified arrangement of the
sheet-feeding devices.
Figure 9 is a detail of the gripper cylinders, adjusted as in Figure 6.

page_text: Figures 47 to 51 show a modified form of grippers, forming a collapsible core.
Figure 47 is a sectional elevation, showing one pair of the grippers open, and
core collapsed to receive the paper; Figure 48 is a horizontal section of the same;
Figure 49 is a cross section of the same; Figure 50 is a view similar to Figure 48,
showing the gripper closed and core expanded; and Figure 51 is a cross section of
the same, showing the wrapped paper on the core.
Figures 52 to 55 illustrate a machine employing grippers consisting of two fingers
stationary relatively to each other.
Figure 52 is a sectional elevation; Figures 53, 54 and 55 are vertical cross
sections of the same, taken between the grippers, and showing the parts in different
positions, Figure 53 showing the grippers as the paper is being received,
Figure 54 as the first rotation is commenced, and Figure 55 during the second
rotation.
Referring now to Figures 1 to 22, the complete machine shown therein will first
be described.
The frame may be of any suitable form for supporting the operative parts of the
machine. As shown, it consists of two main interior side frames A, B, in the upper
part of which are supported the paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and the two
exterior side frames C, D at the lower part of the machine, in which are supported
the wrapping and delivering mechanisms. In the lower front part of the machine,
a shaft E is mounted in side frames C, D, and upon this shaft is mounted, to rotate
therewith, a carrier F, carrying four wrapping cores a, b, c, d, and four drying
chambers e, f, g, h, the cores lying between frames A, B. At the right hand of
the machine, outside frame A, the shaft E is surrounded by a fixed cam cylinder G,
by which the ejector for removing the wrapped paper is operated. The carrier
and drying chambers extend outside the inner main frame B, at the left side of the
machine, and are surrounded by a shell H, forming a large drying chamber, which
is heated by a burner I placed below the shell. Outside the drying chambers is
placed the flattening mechanism K, by which the papers are received from the
drying chambers, and delivered to the receptacle L, which may be of any suitable
form. In the upper part of the machine, at the rear side, are mounted the paper
holding and feeding devices, the latter consisting of a box H for holding the
papers to be wrapped, and feeding mechanism for advancing one paper at a
time from the box to the core. In the upper part of the machine, at the front
side, are mounted the wrapper roll N, and devices for cutting and pasting the
wrappers y and feeding them to the core. The wrapping and delivering mechanisms,
and the paper and wrapper feeding devices, are driven from the main shaft O
through the main driving gear P and suitable gearing, all of which will be described
hereinafter in connection with the various parts.
The wrapping and delivering mechanisms will first be described in detail, and
then the paper and wrapper feeding devices.
The carrier may be of any suitable construction, to support and carry with it,
in its rotation, the wrapping cores and drying cylinders. As shown, it consists of
two heads 10, 11, which are connected by suitable tie rods 12, and secured to
the shaft E by a spline, as shown, or in any other suitable manner. The shaft E
is driven from the main driving gear P through gear 14, pinion 15, and
intermediate 16.
As the cores a bed are identical in construction and operation, a description
of one and its operating mechanism will suffice, and the same references will be used
for corresponding parts of the four cores.
The core a, in its preferred form, as shown, consists of a hollow cylinder, which
is open at one side to receive the paper and wrapper, and is preferably provided
on its inner side, just at the rear end of the opening, with a stop 1, against which
the paper is received. The opening is preferably made of a length substantially as
shown, extending through a considerable arc of the circumference of the core, and
a plate 17, preferably of spring metal, is mounted in said opening, so that when in
its outer position, it fills out the circumference of the core, and when withdrawn

page_text: This
within the core against stop 18, reduces the circumference of the latter, so as to
loosen the wrapped paper, and allow it to be readily removed from the core.
plate 17 is preferably constructed to act also as a movable gripper, the loose end 2
pressing the paper against the edge 3 of the core next the stop 1, and holding
the paper firmly when the plate is in its outer position. The plate 17 carries upon
its inner side a projection or lug 19, by which it is pressed outward to complete the
circumference of the core and grip the paper, and the core is provided with slots 4
for arms carrying the ejector, as hereafter described.
For winding the paper closely upon the core, when the rear end is released, it is
preferable that an abutment or wiper should be provided outside the core, by which
the paper is pressed during the operation of wrapping. These wipers consist, in
the construction shown, of spring plates 20, supported by the tie rods 12, to which
they are secured in any suitable manner. Two of these wipers 20 are preferably
used with each core, being mounted upon opposite sides of the same, so as to
approximately surround the core, except at the point where the paper is received.
It is evident, however, that while the form of wiper shown gives a free spring
movement, and is adapted for papers of widely different thicknesses, the wiper may
consist of a spring plate surrounding any suitable portion of the core, or be of any
other suitable construction.
In the construction now being described, in which the wrapped paper is pushed
from the core, a movable ejector is provided, which consists of a thin ring 23,
which moves over the outer surface of the core inside the wipers 20, so as to carry
the wrapped paper with it from the core. This ejector is carried by a rod or
plunger 21, mounted inside the core, and moving longitudinally therein, this rod 21
having arms 22 moving in slots 4 in the core, as previously described, and attached
to the ejector, as shown in Figure 21. This plunger 21 carries also a cam pro-
jection or lug 24, preferably adjustably secured therein, as shown, which lug is
adapted to engage the lug 19 upon the spring plate 17, and force the latter
outward, to complete the circumference of the core, and grip the paper, when the
plunger is in its position with the ejector withdrawn from the core, and to pass
out of engagement with the lug 19 and allow the plate to spring inwardly, when
the ejector is actuated for the purpose of removing the wrapped paper from the
core.
The portion of the core a upon which the paper is wrapped, is of a length to
accommodate papers of the greatest width to be wrapped by the machine. The
core, however, is extended through the drying chamber e to the head 11 of the
carrier, and at its opposite end is provided with a sleeve 25, which passes freely
through the gear 13 and head 10 of the carrier. The plunger 21 slides freely in
this sleeve, and is freely supported at its opposite end in a vertical support 26,
mounted inside the core within the drying chamber, which support serves also as a
bearing for the end of the core on the shaft. The core and ejector rotate together,
and this movement of rotation is imparted by a pinion 27 mounted upon the outer
end of the sleeve 25 on the core, and engaging a pinion 28 carried by a sleeve 29
loose on the shaft E, and extending through the centre of the cam cylinder G to
the inside of the frame C, where it is provided with a pinion 30, actuated directly
from the main driving gear P.
The driving connections are shown clearly in Figures 1, 3, 11, 12 and 15, the
pinion 28 upon the sleeve 29 being mounted centrally of the carrier, and engaging
the four pinions 27, which operate respectively the cores a, b, c, d, the cores thus
rotating on their own axes, driven from pinion 28, and having also a movement of
revolution with the carrier, through the connections of shaft E previously described.
The timing of the gears will be described hereafter in connection with the operation
of the machine.
For the purpose of moving the ejector and plunger longitudinally of the core,
and at the same time permitting their free rotation with the core, the plunger 21
carries, at its outer end, a collar 31, secured in position longitudinally of the rod,
but loose thereon, this collar 31 carrying a bowl 32 pivoted thereto, to oscillate

page_text: freely longitudinally of the rod, and moving in a cam groove 33 in the interior of
the cam cylinder G. This cam, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 11 and 12, actuates the
plunger longitudinally, and is timed to withdraw the ejector from the core, for the
receipt of the paper, and bring the cam lug 24 into position to close the gripper 17
as the paper is received, holding it in this position during a portion of the rotation
of the carrier, while the paper is being wrapped, and then, by a quick movement.
advance the ejector longitudinally of the core, to push the wrapped paper into the
drying chamber, the ejector then being returned to position for another wrapping
operation.
The drying chamber e is arranged opposite the end of the core a, and may be of
any suitable form, or provided with any suitable devices to hold the wrapped paper
in form until the paste has set. It will preferably be constructed, as shown, of two
curved plates of metal arranged opposite each other, so as to form a partial
cylinder open on opposite sides, thus permitting the free entrance of the heated air
to the paper for the purpose of drying the paste. These plates 34 are preferably
mounted upon the tie rods 12, by means of screw-threaded studs carried by the
plates, so that they may be adjusted for varying slightly the size of the drying
chamber, as shown clearly in Figure 16. The chamber is preferably made of a
length equal to that of two of the papers of the greatest width to be wrapped by
the machine, so that each wrapped paper will remain within the drying chamber
during the wrapping of the next two papers. The edges of the plates 34, next
the core, will preferably be flanged outward, as shown at 35, so that the wrapped
papers may readily be forced from the core into the drying chamber by the
ejector.
The four drying chambers e, f,^y, h, as previously stated, correspond to the
cores a, b, c, d, and are moved with the cores and carrier in the rotation of the
latter. The length of time during which the wrapped papers remain in the drying
chambers, may be depended upon for drying the paste, but means for heating the
drying chambers and papers are preferably provided, and, for this purpose, to the
frame B is secured the shell H, previously referred to, which encloses the drying
chambers e, f, g, h, and forms a larger drying chamber, this chamber having a
narrow longitudinal opening at the base, below which is supported the burner I, by
which the drying heat is furnished.
The wrapped papers may be finally delivered directly from the drying chambers,
and either flattened by independent mechanism, or mailed in circular form; it is
preferable, however, to provide the machine with a flattening mechanism, a simple
and convenient form of which is shown in Figures 4 and 5. This mechanism
consists of two plates 36, 37, arranged in position to receive the papers from the
core, and mounted at their lower ends, at a distance apart equal to the thickness
desired for the product, and bent outward, at their upper ends, to form a funnel
shaped guide, through which the papers are guided from the drying chambers.
The plate 36 on one side is stationary, and mounted in any suitable manner in the
machine. The plate 37 is pivoted in the frame of the machine at 38, so as to
oscillate to and from the plate 36, and is preferably formed in two parts, pivoted
together at 39, as shown in Figure 5, the upper part of which forms, together with
the upper part of plate 36, the funnel shaped guide previously referred to, being
guided during the oscillation of the plate by a slide 40, secured thereto, and moving
in guides 41, carried by a sleeve 42, mounted loosely on a bar 43, supported in the
frame of the machine. The shaft 38 is rocked to oscillate the plate 37 by means of
a crank arm 44, connecting rod 45 and crank disc 46, carried by one of the shafts.
of the wrapper feeding mechanism. Any other suitable means, however, may be
used for this purpose.
Below the lower ends of the plates 36, 37 is placed the
receptacle L, to which the papers are delivered.
It is evident that the mechanisms thus far described, form a complete machine
for wrapping and delivering papers and similar publications, and that the papers
and wrappers may be fed thereto by hand, or mechanically by any suitable devices.
The operation of wrapping and delivering a paper by this machine will now be .

page_text: described in detail, the papers and wrappers being assumed to be fed thereto by
hand or otherwise.
In Figures 1 to 13, the machine is shown after a series of papers have been
wrapped, and with the core a just after receiving and gripping a paper. In this
position of the parts, the core 6 has just completed wrapping a paper, and its
ejector is about to be operated to force the wrapped paper from the core, a
wrapped paper has just been removed from the core c, and the ejector is about to
be withdrawn, and the ejector has been partially withdrawn from the core d, so
that the latter, as the carrier reaches the end of its next quarter revolution, will
be in position and ready to receive the next paper, which is just in advance of the
position shown in Fig. 14. Each of the drying chambers e, f, g, h contains two
papers, and a paper has just been delivered from the drying cylinder g, and is
passing to the flattening mechanism, while the paper previously delivered from the
drying cylinder his passing through the flattening mechanism to the receptacle L.
The relative positions of the different cores, drying chambers, ejectors, and the
operating devices, are shown clearly in Figures 11, 12, and 13, and these figures
therefore will illustrate the position which the core a and parts co-operating there-
with will successively assume in the operation of wrapping and delivering a paper,
as now to be described.
In the construction shown, the gears by which the carrier is driven and the cores
rotated, are so timed relatively to each other, that the cores rotate twice to each
quarter revolution of the carrier. With the method of folding as shown in
Figure 6, and the main views, therefore, in which the paper is first wrapped about
the cylinder, and then the wrapper introduced between the rear end of the paper
and the first layer, the core a receives the paper just before reaching the position
shown in Figures 11 and 13, while the ejector 23 and plunger 21 are still on the
return movement, and the cam lug 24 about to engage the lug 19 within the core.
The paper having been received against the stop 1, the lug 24 engages the lug 19,
and forces out the spring plate 17, to complete the circumference of the cylinder,
and grip the paper between the gripper 2 and the edge 3 of the core.
The paper
having been gripped as shown in Figures 6 and 13, the carrier continues its forward
movement, and, at the same time, the core rotates inside the carrier in the opposite
direction, both as shown by the arrows in Figure 13. As the core rotates, the
paper is wound tightly about it, pressing against the wipers 20, and, at the end of
the first rotation of the core, when the paper has been wound about it once, and its
end is about to be closed down upon the first layer by the continued rotation of the
core, the latter is brought into position by the movement of the carrier, to receive
the wrapper, this position being shown in Figure 14. The wrapper is of sufficient
length to go once around the wrapped paper and overlap upon itself sufficiently for
pasting, and paste or other suitable adhesive material is applied to the rear end of
this wrapper. As the carrier moves onward, therefore, and the core completes its
second, and commences its third rotation, the pasted end of the wrapper is pressed
down upon the previous wrapper layer by the wipers 20, and the wrapped paper
secured thereby. The core a has now reached the position of core 6 in Figs. 11
and 13.
During the operation thus far described, the bowl 32 on the plunger 21 has
been moving through that portion of the cam groove 33 which is parallel with its
line of rotation, and the plunger is held in its withdrawn position with the
ejector 23 withdrawn from the core, and the lug 24 engaging the lug 19, and
holding the spring plate 17 in position to grip and hold the paper. When
the paper is fully wrapped, however, the bowl 33 has reached the position
shown in connection with the plunger of the core b in Figures 3 and 11,
and is now about to enter upon the part of the cam groove 33, by which
the plunger is actuated to eject the wrapped paper from the core. As
the carrier moves forward from this position, therefore, the plunger is moved
longitudinally through the core with a quick movement, as shown by the form of
the cam.
The lug 24 is first moved out of engagement with the lug 19 on the

page_text: inside of the spring plate 17, and the latter springs inward against the stop 18,
opening the gripper, and collapsing the core, so as to loosen the wrapped paper, and,
as the paper is loosened, the ejector 23 strikes the edge of the wrapped paper, and
pushes it from the core a into the drying chamber e. As it advances into the
drying chamber, it pushes before it the previously wrapped papers contained
therein, and the outer paper upon which the paste is now set is pushed from the
core, and delivered to the funnel formed by the upper part of the plates 36, 37,
and passes downward between them to the receptacle L, the paper being flattened
somewhat as it passes through the funnel, and the flattening being completed as it
passes downward by the oscillation of the plate 37 towards the plate 36, as the
shaft 38 is rocked by the crank disc 46, all as shown in Figure 5. The discharge
movement of the ejector just described commences during the second quarter of
the revolution of the carrier, and, as shown in Figures 3, 11, and 13, the ejector
reaches its inner position, and the wrapped paper is fully discharged from the core
as the carrier completes its second quarter revolution, the position of the parts
The
being that shown in connection with the core e in the figures referred to.
plunger is now withdrawn as the carrier moves onward, the cam surface of
the groove 33 by which the ejector is returned, being so timed, that at the end of
the third quarter the ejector is about half returned, as shown in connection with the
core d in Fig. 12, and the ejector is fully withdrawn to permit the passage of
the next paper to the core, as the latter reaches the proper position, when the
lug 24 engages the lug 19 of the spring plate 17 and completes the circumference
of the core, gripping the paper just as it is taken by the core as shown in Figures 6
and 13.
The operation thus described in connection with the core a, is repeated in
connection with the cores b, c, d, the cores successively seizing the papers and
wrappers, and wrapping and delivering the same, The use of a number of cores
in a single carrier increases the capacity of the machine, by giving time for the
action of the ejector on one core, and its return while the papers are being
wrapped by the other cores, and permits of the use of cams of easy movement.
The operation thus far described is that in which the wrapper is taken after the
first rotation of the core, and received between the rear end of the paper and the
first layer of the paper upon the core. The relative positions of the paper and
wrapper upon the core, when the paper is fully wrapped, is shewn clearly in the
enlarged view Figure 17, and the product after the flattening operation, in diagram,
in Figure 18, the paper being shewn in full, and the wrapper in broken lines. In
Figure 184, the product is shewn in perspective on the same scale as the main views.
The operation of the machine when the paper and wrapper are fed to the core
together, as shewn in Figure 7, is exactly the same, except that when this method
is employed for papers of a length equal to, or less than one circumference of the
core, of course the winding of the paper and wrapper about the core is completed
before the core completes its second rotation, and reaches the position of the
carrier, in which the paper is ejected, a part of the second rotation of the core,
therefore, having no function in the wrapping process. The position of the '
paper and wrapping upon the core, when the paper is fully wrapped by this
method, is shewn in Figure 19, and the product after the flattening operation in
diagram in Figure 20, the paper being shewn as of a length equal to half the
circumference of the core.
In the drawings, the paper is shewn as wound about the core but once or less,
but it is evident that this will depend upon the length of the paper and size of the
core employed. In the construction shewn, the core is designed to be about seven
inches in circumference, so that the papers wrapped by the first method, are
previously folded to a length of about nine or ten inches, and the product is about
three and one-half inches wide. These relative sizes of core and paper will be
found to produce a product of convenient form, as shewn in Figure 18ª. It is
evident, however, that with a core of this size, papers of any desired length may
be wrapped, by increasing the number of rotations of the core, before the wrapper
B

page_text: 'is applied by the first method, or increasing the number of rotations of the core
before delivery, and lengthening the wrapper in the second method, the construction
being modified in an obvious manner for this purpose. While this size of core
will be found convenient, it is evident that if a smaller and more closely wrapped
product be desired, the size of the core may be reduced to any extent desired, and
that, on the other hand, the size of the core may be increased, so as to form
products of larger size, this depending upon the size, thickness, and character of
the publications to be wrapped. As above stated, the flattening mechanism may be
omitted, if desired, and the papers be delivered in circular form, directly from the
cores, or drying chambers." The form of product in this case is obvious from
Figures 17 and 19. With a light newspaper, and core of considerable size, this
construction would not be desirable, but with a smaller core, so that the paper is
wrapped closely, such a form is practical, and with thick magazines and similar
publications, it will be found the preferred form of product, as will be evident
from Figures 25 to 27 which shew a simple form of wrapping mechanism for such
publications.
While the wrapping and delivering devices thus far described, form a complete
wrapping machine, to which the newspapers and wrappers of either of them. may
be fed by hand, it is desirable, for rapid work, that the machine should be made
automatic, by combining therewith paper and wrapper-feeding devices. These
devices may be of any suitable form, and will be varied to some extent in accordance
with the size and character of the publications to be wrapped. The machine with
the feeding devices, moreover, may be a complete independent machine, or form
an attachment to a printing press or folding machine, and the papers be received
therefrom.
In the drawings, the present invention is shewn embodied in a complete inde-
pendent machine of a preferred form, in which the papers are previously folded to
a convenient size, and then fed from a box or holder to the wrapping devices, either
with or without another fold. It is evident that the wrappers may be previously
formed and fed to the machine from a holder in a similar manner, but it is preferable
to feed the wrappers from a wrapper web, and combine with the feeding devices,
cutting and pasting devices, by which wrappers of the desired length are severed
and pasted, the machine thus being made automatic, and capable of very. rapid
operation.
The method by which the papers are fed from the pile and the paper feeding
devices will now be described in detail, as these form a part of the present inven-
tion, but it will be understood that other feeding methods and means may be used
in this improved wrapping machine.
In feeding bottom sheets from a pile, it is found difficult to secure the feeding of
the sheets singly, as the bottom sheet tends to carry with it one or more of the
sheets above it, on account of adhesion of the sheets, which have heretofore been
placed either in a horizontal position, or inclined in a vertical plane, and the
bottom sheet fed down the incline, in both of which cases the weight of the pile
increases largely the difficulty of feeding the sheets singly, by increasing the
adhesion between the sheets, and in the latter case by constantly tending to carry
the sheets downward in the direction of the feed.
In the improved method of feeding of the present invention; the weight supported
by the bottom sheet is reduced, and at the same time the weight of the pile
caused to assist in securing the proper feeding of the sheets, by inclining the pile
of sheets vertically, and feeding the bottom sheet up the incline...
By, thus
positioning and feeding the sheets, it is evident that the weight of the pile tends
to prevent the feeding of a second sheet by adhesion; as the weight of the sheets
tends to resist their feeding up the incline, and: by supporting the pile at the rear
edges of the sheets, the full weight of the pile. is not borne by the bottom sheet,
thus lessening the increase of adhesions due to the weight of the. pile..
7
It is preferable, also, to advance the bottom sheet partially from the pile, by
pressure against its lower surface, the sheet being fully withdrawn from the pile

page_text: by other means, and to release the sheets by the first feeding mechanism during the
action of the mechanism by which they are withdrawn, so that between each
feeding operation, the weight of the pile shall cause the sheets to settle back down
the incline into their original positions in case any are carried forward with the
bottom sheet, this movement tending to loosen and separate the sheets.
It has also been found that it is of assistance in securing the proper feeding of
the sheets, to lift the pile of sheets slightly upon the line of engagement of the
feeding mechanism with the bottom sheet during its feeding operation, so as to
bend the pile of sheets slightly, the sheets returning to their normal positions upon
the release of the bottom sheet by the feeding mechanism. By thus lifting the
sheets and allowing them to fall, an additional loosening and separating of the
sheets is secured, which, in connection with the features previously described, aids
in securing the proper feeding of the sheets.
In carrying out the present invention, any suitable feeding mechanism may be
employed, but it is preferable to use one or more rotating feeding fingers projecting
through openings in the bottom of the holder containing the pile of sheets, suffi-
oiently to lift the pile of sheets upon the line of engagement, the feeding fingers
engaging the sheet only during a part of their rotation, so as to release them, as
above described, when the bottom sheet has been advance to the second feeding
mechanism, by which it is withdrawn from the pile. It is preferable, also, to
employ a series of fingers so constructed as to alternately engage and release the
sheets, so that a rapid vibrating movement of the sheets is secured during the
operation of feeding, which tends to loosen and separate the sheets.
The mechanism for carrying out the improved method may be used alone, but it
is preferable to combine therewith means for stopping a second sheet, which may,
by any possibility, be fed forward with the bottom sheet, the complete construction
thus forming a mechanism by which sheets may be fed from a pile singly with
almost absolute certainty. An improved means for thus stopping the sheets has
In the
been devised, which in itself forms a part of the present invention.
improved stopping devices, one or more spring fingers are employed beneath which
the sheets pass, and one or more stops which extend downward beside said fingers,
but do not normally project below them, so that a single sheet will pass freely
beneath the spring fingers without engagement with the stops. On the passage of
two or more sheets beneath the spring fingers, however, they are raised sufficiently
to uncover and expose the stops, which then engage the second sheet, to prevent
its passage.
These stops may consist simply of blunt pins or plates, and the spring fingers
and pins be so constructed and arranged that the fingers are raised by the sheets
to uncover the stops in advance of the second sheet, the head of which is then
engaged by the stops. The stops may, however, consist of sharp pins, and the
spring fingers be so constructed and arranged, that they are not raised to uncover
the pins until the leading edge of the second sheet has passed. the latter, when the
pins engage the top of the sheet and act as stops. In this latter construction, a
comparatively large number of pins will preferably be used, so that the sheet
will be held at many points, thus avoiding the danger of tearing the sheet.
In the construction shewn, the holder. M, in which the papers to be wrapped
are placed, is mounted in any suitable manner at the top of the side frames A, B,
and is preferably constructed with its sides 47 carried by bars 48, sliding in the
frame of the machine, and held in position by set screws 49, so that they may be
adjusted to accommodate papers of different widths, and the papers still be held
centrally of the box, and in proper position relatively to the feeding devices and
cores. The rear end of the box 50 is also preferably made adjustable by means
of set screws 50, to accommodate papers of different lengths, and hold the papers
forward in the box in proper position. It will be understood, however, that this
adjustability is not essential.
The holder Mi is inclined vertically to secure the proper feeding of the sheets as
above described. As shewn, the holder is placed at a slight angle to the horizontal,

page_text: but it will be understood that this angle may be varied within wide limits from a
slight angle to nearly 90°, this depending somewhat upon the character of the
sheets to be fed, and the form of feeding mechanism employed.
The bottom of the sheet holder M is provided with openings through which the
feeding mechanism may engage the bottom sheet for advancing it, these openings
being preferably provided, as shewn, by making the bottom of a series of slats 52,
so that the sheets are supported by a comparatively small portion of their surfaces.
With the inclined sheet holder, any suitable feeding mechanism may be employed
for advancing the bottom sheet up the incline, but the following construction is
preferably used, as shewn.
In the frame below the holder M is mounted a feeding cylinder 54, which is
provided with projections forming series of feeding fingers 53, which occupy but a
portion of the circumference of a circle, so as to engage the bottom sheet during
only a sufficient part of their rotation to advance the bottom sheet from the pile, so.
as to be taken by a second feeding mechanism, by which it is withdrawn from the
pile. The fingers are shewn preferably as narrow, so that three or more sets are
used extending across the sheet, but it will be understood that this is immaterial,
and single fingers, extending the full width of the sheet, may be used, or fingers of
any width and number transversely to the sheet.
These feeding fingers 53 are preferably made of rubber, or roughened to increase
the friction between them and the bottom sheet, and preferably extend within the
box a sufficient distance to lift the pile of sheets slightly upon the line of
engagement of the fingers with the bottom sheet during the feeding movement,
when the fingers pass out of engagement therewith, this bending and alternate
lifting and falling of the sheets tending to loosen and separate them, so as to secure
the feeding forward of the bottom sheet independently of the others, as above
explained. A plurality of feeding fingers are shewn, extending in an arc of a circle
longitudinally of the sheets, and so arranged that the sheets are released by one
finger before being engaged by the next, and this construction is preferred, as a
rapid lifting and falling movement of the pile of sheets is thus secured during the
feeding movement, which materially aids in loosening and separating the sheets.
It will be understood, however, that a single feeding surface or finger of the
thickness required to secure the full feed desired may be used, and the release of
the sheets at the end of the feeding movement be depended upon for the lifting
and dropping of the sheets. It is evident, also, that a series of feeding fingers
extending through a complete circle, may be used, and the lifting and dropping of
the sheets by the successive fingers be depended upon, to separate and secure the
proper feed of the sheets.
While it will generally be found that the inclined position of the pile of sheets,
and the special feeding means above described, will secure the proper feeding of
the sheets singly, means are preferably combined therewith for stopping a second
sheet, in case the adhesion between two or more sheets should be sufficient to
cause them to be fed forward together by the feeding fingers, and the following
improved means have been devised for this purpose.
Upon the inner side of the front end of the box, curved spring fingers 55 are
mounted, so as to permit a single sheet to pass freely below them, but to bear upon
a second sheet advanced by the feeding fingers, sufficiently to aid in preventing
more than one sheet being fed forward at a time. The resistance of the spring
fingers, however, is preferably not so great but that the sheets may in some cases
be fed forward below them, and to insure the stoppage of a second sheet, with the
spring fingers 55 is combined a series of stops 5, which are shewn as pins carried by
a plate 56, mounted upon the outside of the front end of the sheet holder, these
stops extending downward beside the spring fingers, but normally not below them,
so that they are covered by the spring fingers during the passage of a single sheet,
and the latter passes freely without engaging the stops. The spring fingers 55,
however, are so arranged relatively to the sheets and stops, that the passage of two
or more sheets below the spring fingers, raises them sufficiently to uncover the

page_text: stops 5, which thus engage the second sheet, and hold it against movement from
the box, the bottom sheet being fed forward below it.
The plate 56, carrying the stops 5, is preferably slotted, as shewn, and secured to
the box by means of set screws 6, so that it may be adjusted vertically to and from
the spring fingers, to secure the proper position of the stops. The spring fingers
and stops are shewn as extending in series across the full width of the sheet, three
fingers and stops being shewn, but it will be understood that the number of fingers
and stops may be varied, and that a single finger and stop may be sufficient in some
cases, this depending somewhat upon the thickness and width of the sheet.
The stops 5 may consist of blunt pins, and the spring fingers be so constructed
and arranged, that they will be raised by the passage of two or more sheets below
them, to uncover the stops in advance of the leading edge of the second sheet, so
that the latter will be positively stopped by its leading edge coming against the
stops, this construction being shewn at Figures 6 and 7.
If preferred, however, the stops may consist of sharp pins, and the spring fingers
be so constructed and arranged, that they are not raised by a second sheet,
sufficiently to uncover the pins, until the leading-edge of the second sheet has passed
the latter, the uncovered pins then engaging the top of the second sheet, and acting
as stops as shewn in Figures 8. In this construction, a large number of pins will
preferably be used, so that the sheet will be engaged at a large number of points,
so as to avoid tearing it. In Figure 8, two pins in each series are shewn.
Any suitable means may be used for receiving the end of the sheet as it is fed
from the box and removing the sheet therefrom, the sheet being preferably advanced,
as shewn, only a small distance from the box, by the feeding fingers. which pass
out of engagement with the sheet, when it is seized by the exterior feeding
mechanism, so that the sheet is then removed from the box without engage-
ment with the feeding fingers.
As shewn, the feeding mechanism for the papers, after leaving the holder,
consists of a gripper cylinder 57, by which the papers are received from the
holder, a feeding roll 58 co-operating therewith, guides 59 extending from the
gripper cylinder and roll to the core, and between which the papers are advanced,
and feeding tapes 60 by which papers are fed, after leaving the gripper
cylinder 57 and roll 58.
Any suitable construction may be used for the gripper cylinder 57, but that
shewn is preferred, in which the grippers 61 are pivotally mounted in carriers 62, so
as to oscillately freely transversely to the cylinder, these carriers 62 being carried
by a rock shaft 63, mounted in the heads of the cylinder, and provided with a
segmental gear 7, by which the shaft is oscillated by a segmental gear 64, carried
by a second rock shaft 65, also mounted in the heads of the cylinder, and provided
outside one of the heads, with a crank arm 66, carrying a bowl 67, operated by a
cam 68, secured to the frame of the machine, the shaft 65 being rotated in the
opposite direction by means of a crank arm 69 and spring pressed rod 70. For
the purpose of guiding the grippers 61 during the rocking movement of shaft 63,
the shaft 65 is slotted, and the stems of the grippers 61 passed through these slots,
which are tapered inwardly from both sides of the shaft 65, as shewn at 8 in Figs. 8
and 9, so that the grippers are guided only upon a narrow line, and are free to
oscillate therein in both directions, the shaft 65 rocking with the grippers, so as to
permit free movement of the gripper stems, while guiding them positively. This
special construction of grippers and actuating mechanism forms the subject matter
of an application for Letters Patent, dated Oct. 11th 1892, No. 18184, & therefore
forms no part of the present invention.
In its simplest form, the machine is adapted to feed papers without folding, and
the mechanism thus far describe.l is complete for this purpose. It is desirable,
however, that the mechanism should wrap papers of different sizes, and in connection
therewith, it is frequently desirable to fold the paper after it leaves the holder, and,
as previously stated, the machine shown is thus constructed. For this purpose, the
gripper cylinder 57 carries also a folding blade 71, which may be of any of the

page_text: well known constructions. The folding blade 71 acts to fold the papers to folding
rolls 72, from which they pass between short branch guides 73 to the guides 59
and tapes 60, and are then advanced to the core, as in the case of the unfolded
papers, a pivoted switch 74 being provided to guide the unfolded sheets to the
guides 59, or permit them to pass on with the cylinder for folding.
As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the fixed cam 68 is constructed so as to open
the grippers against the spring pressure at the point at which the papers must be
released for folding, as in Figure 10, the gripper then remaining open until the
gripper cylinder reaches the position shown in Figure 9, when the paper is received
from the box, and the gripper released by the cam, so as to be closed by the spring
pressed rod 70, the paper then being advanced by the gripper cylinder. This
It
operation of the grippers is the same whether the paper be folded or not.
is evident, however, that the grippers must be operated to release the paper at
a different point when the paper is not to be folded, and for the purpose of
opening the grippers in this case, and permitting them to remain closed when
the paper is to be folded, an auxiliary cam 75 is provided, mounted upon the
face of the main cam, and made adjustable, preferably by the construction
shown, in which the cam is slotted, and secured in position by bolts 76, so that
the cam may be moved outward into position to engage the bowl 67 on crank
arm 66, as shown, and open the grippers to release the sheet, or withdrawn
within the line of the cam 68, so as not to engage the bowl, but permit the
grippers to pass the cam unopened. The pivoted switch 74 is adjusted by
means of au arm 77 and set screw 78 (see Fig. 1) into position to guide the
released, unfolded paper from the gripper cylinder through the guides 59, or to
permit the gripped paper to pass onward with the cylinder for folding, the first
position of the switch being shown in Figures 6 and 9, and the second position
in Figures 7, 8, and 10.
As shown in Figure 6, the lower ends of the guides 59 are in position to
deliver a sheet directly to the opening in a core, when the latter is in position to
receive it, and the driving mechanism for the feeding devices must be timed
accurately to the mechanism by which the carrier and cores are actuated, so that
successive papers will be delivered to the successive cores at the proper time.
The driving mechanism for the paper feeding devices is driven from gear 14,
previously described, as follows:-The gear 14 drives the gripper cylinder 57
through an intermediate gear wheel 79 meshing with a gear 80 on the shaft of
the gripper cylinder, and which, in turn, drives the feeding roll 58 directly by gear 81,
and the feeding tapes 60 by a train of gears 82. The shaft of the intermediate gear
wheel 79 carries a pinion 83 of half the size of the gear 14, and this pinion
drives the feeding cylinder 54 through gear 84 of the same size as pinion 83,
and a series of intermediate wheels 85. The gearing between the main driving
shaft and the gripper cylinder 57 and carrier, is so timed, as will be seen by
an inspection of the drawings, that the gripper cylinder makes one revolution to
a quarter revolution of the carrier, and a paper is taken and one delivered to a
core as each of the cores successively reaches the proper position. As the
gears rotating the cores are timed accurately with relation to the carrier, so as
to rotate twice to one-quarter revolution of the carrier, the cores and paper
feeding mechanism are necessarily timed, so that the cores are in proper position
to receive the papers as the latter are delivered.
It is evident that the length of time between the delivery of successive papers
must be substantially the same, whether the papers are folded or unfolded, in order
that the paper to be wrapped may in both cases reach the core while the latter is in
proper position, and the gripper open to receive it, or provision be made for the
proper reception of the paper. In order to secure this, the guides 59 and 73 are
so arranged, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, that the time required for feeding the
paper directly from the gripper cylinder 57, through the guides 59, to the cores, is
very nearly the same as that required for carrying the leading end of the paper
into the position shown in Figure 8, folding it between the rolls 72, and delivering

page_text: through the branch guides 73, and main guides 59, to the core, and it is evident
that the construction may readily be varied, so as to make the time of movement
of the unfolded and folded papers exactly the same. In the construction shown,
however, in which the path of the folded sheet is very slightly longer than that of
the unfolded papers, the proper reception and gripping of the papers by the core is
assured, as the leading end of the unfolded paper is advanced into the core to the
stop a greater distance than is necessary for gripping, so that the unfolded paper
will be gripped, even though not advanced into the core so far, and, moreover, the
gripper remains open for a considerable time, and is so shaped that the papers will
be received by the core, even though the time of their arrival at the core be varied
slightly. No adjustment of the feeding mechanism beyond the gripper cylinder is
necessary, therefore, for folding a paper, except the adjustment of the switch 74 as
previously described.
When the paper is to be folded, however, it will frequently be necessary to
change the time at which the grippers 61 take the paper, in order to secure the
proper delivery of the papers to the cores. This adjustment may be effected in
any other suitable manner, but it will be found a simple and convenient method to
break the connection between the gripper cylinder and the driving mechanism, and
rotate the cylinder to the desired position. For this purpose, the gears 79 and 83,
and the first intermediate 85, are made removable, as shown in Figure 1. This
removal of the gears 83, 85 also permits the feeding cylinder 54 to be adjusted,
so that the feeding fingers 53 will advance a paper to the grippers 61 at the
proper time, in accordance with the changed position of the grippers.
Referring now to the wrapper feeding and pasting mechanism, the wrapper
web roll N is mounted upon the front side of the machine, and thence the .
wrapper y passes to a pair of feeding and perforating rolls 86, of any suitable
construction, by which the wrapper is perforated and fed forward between the
guides 87, these guides extending downward to the core, and the lower portion 88
next the core being pivoted at 89, so as to be moved into different positions,
and form a switch for delivering a wrapper to the core, after the paper has
been partially wrapped, or simultaneously with the paper, according to the method
of wrapping employed, as previously described. The wrapper web may be pre-
viously perforated, if desired, but it is preferable to perforate in the machine as
shown. Below the feeding and perforating rolls 86, are mounted a pair of pasting
rolls, one of which carries the paster 91, by which the paste is applied to the rear
end of the wrapper, this paster receiving paste from a fountain roll, 92, rotating
in a paste fountain 93, provided with a doctor 94, as common in this class of
construction. The paster 91 may be of any suitable construction and will be
made of suitable size to apply a line or lines of paste of the desired width to the
wrapper. From the paste rolls 90, the perforated and pasted wrapper web passes
to a breaking roll 95, which is provided with a feeding and breaking segment 96,
preferably of rubber, which co-operates with a roll 97, engaged thereby, to break
or completely sever the wrapper, and advance it until it is held by the core, the
feeding segment 96 being made of sufficient length to feed forward the wrapper
until it is gripped by the paper or core, and then to pass out of engagement with
the wrapper, so as not to engage the pasted rear end of the latter.
The pivoted guides 88 are held in either of their two positions by thumb pieces 98
on opposite sides of the guides, which are adapted to pass through slots in bars 99,
when the thumb pieces are turned in one direction, and to be held in position by a
thumb piece, when the latter is turned in the opposite direction, so that the guides
may be held securely in either position, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, these holding
devices being shown in detail in Fig. 22. An auxiliary guide 100 is provided for
guiding the wrapper to the core, when the wrapper and paper are taken by the
fatter simultaneously, as shown in Fig. 7, the wrapper passing directly downward
from the guides 88 to the core, when the wrapper is taken after one rotation of the
core with the paper.
The driving mechanism of the wrapper feeding devices may be adjusted with

page_text: relation to the paper feeding devices and the cores and carrier, so that the successive
wrappers will be delivered at the proper time. The wrapper feeding devices may
be driven from any part of the driving mechanism, but it will be found convenient
to gear these devices to the paper feeding mechanism and such a construction is
shown. The feeding and cutting cylinders 86 are geared together, and are driven
by a gear 101, which is driven from the gripper cylinder 57, through the gear 81
of feeding roll 68 and intermediates 102, the cutting cylinders being timed so as to
rotate one to each revolution of the gripper cylinder. The paste and fountain
rolls 90, 91, and feeding cylinder 95, are in turn driven from cutting and feeding
cylinders 86, through suitable gears 103, the breaking and feeding cylinder 95 being
timed to rotate once to each rotation of the cutting cylinders.
In changing from the method of folding shown in Figs. 6, 13, 14, in which the
paper is taken first, and the wrapper fed at the next rotation of the core, to the
method shown in Fig. 7, in which the paper and wrapper are taken simultaneously,
it is necessary to shift the switch. For this, the thumb piece 98, on one side of
the guides 88, is turned to release the latter, and the guides swing on pivot 89,
from the position shown in Fig. 6, to that shown in Fig. 7, where they are secured
by means of the thumb piece on the opposite side of the guides, the wrapper then
being fed down past the guide 100 to the core, substantially on the same line with
the paper.
Upon changing the paper feeding devices, so as to fold the paper once after
leaving the holder M, as previously described, no change of the wrapper feeding
devices is necessary, these devices bearing the same relation to the core and carrier,
and the distance from the cutting cylinders to the core being the same in all cases.
As the wrapper feeding devices are driven from the gripper cylinder, however, it
is necessary to disconnect the two paper and wrapper feeding devices before shifting
the gripper cylinder, and for this purpose there must be removed, in addition to the
gears 80, 83, 85, as previously described, one of the intermediates 102, which are
shown as made removable for this purpose.
The operation of the paper and wrapper feeding devices is simple, and generally
set forth in the foregoing description, so that a brief description of their operation,
in connection with the wrapping and delivering mechanism, will suffice.
Assuming that the papers are not to be folded, the bottom paper a is fed from
the box M by the feeding fingers 53 to the grippers 61, the passage of more than
one paper being prevented by means previously described, and the paper is seized
by the grippers 61, and carried thereby to the feed rolls 58, where the cam 75,
being in its outer operative position, as shown in Fig. 9, the paper is released, as it
is advanced by cylinder 57 and rolls 58, is guided by the switch 74 through the
guides 59 to the feeding tapes 60, by which it is advanced to the core a, which is
now in position to receive it with the gripper open. The paper is then gripped
and wound about the core, as previously described, during one rotation of the core,
the carrier being moved forward until the parts are in the position shown in
Fig. 14. Meanwhile, a wrapper has been partially severed by the feeding and
perforating cylinders 86, has received a line of paste from the paster 91, been
fully severed by the breaking and feeding cylinders 95, 97, and is now in the
As the
position shown in Fig. 14, inside the unwrapped rear end of the paper.
rotation of the core and carrier continues, the wrapper is closed between the rear
end of the paper and the previously wound layer, and gripped so as to be fed
forward thereby, as it is wound about the paper and core, the feeding segment 96
upon the cylinder 93 passing out of engagement with the wrapper, so as not to
engage the pasted portion. The operation of wrapping and delivering the paper
thus received with its wrapper, then proceeds as previously described, and the
core d comes into position to receive the next paper, as the latter is fed from the
holder by the feeding devices as before.
When the paper is to be folded, the switch 74 and cam 75 are shifted into the
position shown in Fig. 9, and secured therein by the means provided for this
purpose, the folding blade also being thrown into operation, and if necessary, the

page_text: gripper cylinder 57, and feeding fingers 53, are adjusted in proper position rela-
tively to the cores and their carrier, the guides 88 also being shifted from the
position shown in Figs. 6, to that shown in Fig. 7, all as previously described.
The paper received by the gripper 61 is then carried about the cylinder, and
folded between the folding rolls 72, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and passes thence,
through the guides 73 and 59, to the core. The wrapper advanced as before,
reaches the core at the same time as the paper, and the two are gripped together
by the grippers, as shown in Fig. 7, the wrapping and delivering then proceeding
as previously described..
If a single core be used, it is evident that the construction may be simplified
greatly. In Fig. 23 is shown such a construction, with core a of the construction
just described, the parts being shown as in Fig. 11, and the same references being
used for corresponding parts. In this construction, the core has only rotary
movement, the sleeve 25 being mounted in frame A, and the gears 27, 28 by which
this movement is given from shaft E, are proportioned to rotate the core four
times to each rotation of the shaft, the machine being shown as adapted to take
the paper and wrapper simultaneously. The cam cylinder G is carried by, and
rotates with shaft E, and the cam 33 is so timed as to remain withdrawn during
two rotations of the core, while the paper is being wrapped, and then be actuated
to remove the paper, and withdrawn during the following two rotations. The
single core construction will be found sufficiently rapid for ordinary requirements,
and it is evident that it may readily be adapted for either method of folding, and
the construction varied widely.
While there is shown, and it is preferable to use, a core provided with a
movable gripper, and constructed so as to collapse, thus rendering the proper
seizure of the paper by the core more certain, and the removal of the wrapped
paper from the core more easy, these features may be omitted, and a core employed
of the general form shown, depending upon the bend in the paper formed by the
rotation of the core, to hold the paper until it is wrapped, the opposite edges of the
paper-receiving opening thus forming stationary grippers. Such a construction is
shown in Figs. 24 and 25, which illustrate two methods of folding, Fig. 24 showing the
wrapper taken after the paper is partially wound, and Fig. 25 the paper and
wrapper taken simultaneously. This construction will be found practical for
papers having a considerable number of folds, so as to resist bending sufficiently
to be held in position, but this construction is especially adapted for wrapping
magazines and similar thick publications.
In Figs. 26 to 28 is shown a simple arrangement for wrapping magazines
with such a core. The core a is mounted so as to receive the magazine
from feeding rolls 104, or other suitable feeding devices, or the magazine
may be fed to the core by hand. As the core a rotates, the magazine is held by
grippers 3, and rolled or wound, preferably first against a wiper consisting of a
roll 105, as shown, considerable resistance being required to bend the magazine,
and then against a spring wiper 106, as in the constructions previously described.
As the core completes its first rotation, the wrapper y is received, and the pasted
end of the wrapper is pasted against the roll 105, on the third rotation, for
securing the paper.
It is evident that the form of the core, and the construction and arrangement of the
core and delivery devices, may be varied widely, without departing from the invention.
In the construction thus far described, is shown a form of core consisting of a
cylinder open at one side to receive the paper and wrapper, and around which the
paper is wound, this cylinder extending the full length of the paper, and the latter
being removed by pushing it off the core. Instead of using a hollow cylinder,
however, grippers may be used, which may be placed upon the outside of a
cylinder receiving the paper, or which may consist of two gripping fingers seizing
the paper between them, and forming the core upon which the paper is wrapped.
The paper, moreover, need not be supported throughout its length, but the grippers
may seize only the edges of the paper, and extend but a short distance within the

page_text: wrapped paper. Instead of removing the wrapped paper from the core, by pushing
it from the latter, the core may be withdrawn from the product, thus releasing the
latter, and allowing it to fall, or be otherwise carried to the delivery. The core,
moreover, may be stationary, and the wiper nove about the core.
For the purpose of illustrating some of the modifications which may be made in
the general construction of the mechanism shown as embodying the present inven-
tion, there is shown in Figs. 29 to 42 a machine differing, in the specific construction
of core and operating parts, from that previously described, the cores in this case
being formed by fingers which grip the papers at the edges, extending preferably
but a short distance within the paper, and are withdrawn to release the latter when
fully wrapped, and in Figs. 43 to 55 certain modifications of the same. Referring
to these figures, in which the machine is shown only so far as necessary to illustrate
the carrying out of this invention in the modified manner stated and particularly to
Figs. 29 to 42, A¹ is the base plate, in which are mounted, at opposite ends of the
machine, vertical frames B' C', which support the operating parts of the machine, and
are preferably adjustable on the base plate A', so as to accommodate papers of different
widths, the frames B' C¹ being shown as adjustable on the base plate A¹, by
slots 120, and held in position thereon by bolts 121, although any other suitable
means may be used for this purpose. The frames B₁ C¹ are shown as each formed
of three vertical standards, in which the shafts and other parts of the wrapping
mechanism are mounted, and this forms a very simple and efficient framework,
providing means for holding the different parts of the mechanism in proper position
and permitting their adjustment, but it will be understood that its form may be
varied as desired.
In the upper part of the machine, shafts D' E' are mounted in the frames B' C',
these shafts being mounted to rotate and slide in the frames, and carrying, at their
inner ends, the grippers a' ', which form the core, and by which the paper and
wrapper are seized and held during the operation of wrapping. The inner standards
of the frames B¹ C¹ are mounted a sufficient distance apart to permit of wrapping
the paper between them, and into the space between these two standards the
grippers a 6 project at opposite sides. In this space between the inner standards
of the frames, is mounted also the wiper c, co-acting with the grippers a¹ b', in
winding the paper and wrapper thereon, this wiper being shown, in the present case,
as consisting of two spring plates mounted respectively above and below the
grippers, and carried by rods 122 mounted in the inner standards of frames B'C'.
The paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and wrapper pasting devices
previously described, are to be used with this wrapping mechanism, the paper and
wrapper preferably being fed to the grippers together, as shown in Fig. 7, or any
other suitable feeding and pasting mechanisms may be combined therewith.
In the construction shown, however, the paper and wrapper feeding and pasting
mechanisms are omitted, and the paper and wrapper are shown as delivered to the
wrapping mechanism between the two plates forming the wiper c¹, by a pair of
feeding rolls F. On the opposite side of the grippers a b' from the wiper c', and
below the gripper, so as to allow the wrapped paper to be delivered thereto, by
falling from the grippers as it is released, is mounted the flattening mechanism,
which consists, in the form shown, of two sets of converging tapes G', carried by
rolls 123 mounted in brackets 124, adjustably secured to the inner standards of
frames B C Below the shafts D E¹, is mounted a shaft H', which forms the
driving shaft of the machine, and extends entirely through the frames B¹ C¹.
As the construction and arrangement of the frames B₁ C', shafts D' E', and the
grippers and operating mechanism therefor, is identical at both sides of the machine,
the same references will be used for corresponding parts at the opposite ends, and a
single description will be understood to apply to both.
The grippers a are bent at obtuse angles, and, at their angles, are pivoted in the
end of the shaft D¹ on opposite sides, so as to form, when closed, a cylindrical core
practically a continuation of the shaft. Each of these grippers carries at its outer
cnd a bowl 111, and on the opposite side of the pivot a bowl 112, these bowls being

page_text: mounted so as to rotate freely, and having a surface rounded longitudinally of the
grippers. The opening in the inner standard of frame B', through which the shaft
and grippers slide, is made of a size sufficient to permit the passage of bowls 112,
but to hold the grippers partially closed during their passage, and this standard is
provided, on its inner side, with a ring 125 of less diameter than the opening in
standard, in passing which, the bowls are acted upon so as to press the grippers a¹
close together, and grip the paper and wrapper tightly as they are received by the
grippers, the grippers moving outward at the same time, so that a slight tension is
put upon the paper and wrapper. The bowls 111 are acted upon by the rounded
rear edges of the opening in the standard, to throw the grippers wide
open
reception of the paper and wrapper, as the shaft D₁ and grippers a reach their
innermost position, as shown in Figs. 33 and 34.
for the
While it may be found practicable to deliver the wrapped paper by withdrawing
the grippers, in opposite directions without the aid of strippers, strippers 126 are
preferably employed, which, in the construction shewn, are carried by arms 127,
which extend longitudinally of the shaft D', lying in grooves formed therein on
opposite sides of the shaft, and which are provided with projections 128 at their
rear ends, which lie outside the surface of the shaft D', and rotate within a groove
formed by a ring 129, secured on a bracket 130 on the central standard of frame B¹.
By this construction, the stripper 126 is held in position while the shaft D' is with-
drawn, the grooves in the shaft permitting the shaft to slide backward and forward,
while the arms 127 are held in position by the projections 128 inside ring 129.
The ring 129 is preferably made moveable, as shewn, so that the arms 127 and
strippers 126 may readily be removed.
The following means are provided for reciprocating and rotating the shaft D':-
A collar 131, formed on the shaft, as shewn, or secured thereto, rotates in a
grooved segmental sleeve 132, which carries a pivotted bowle 133, running in a cam
groove 134, in a cam cylinder 11, mounted on shaft H', and rotating therewith.
The sleeve 132 is carried and held in position with the bowl 133 within the cam
groove 134, by means of an 135, pivotted to the frame, as shewn in Figure 36,
and slotted so as to permit the sleeve to move to and fro freely with the shaft D',
the rotation of the cam I with the shaft H' thus operating, through sleeve 132
and collar 131 on the shaft D¹, to reciprocate the latter with the grippers a'. The
shaft D' is rotated from the driving shaft H' by gears 136, 137, the shaft D' being
splined in gear 136, and the latter being held in position to engage gear 137 by a
bracket 138 mounted on the frame. The gears 136, 137 may be proportioned so as
to give any desired number of rotations to the shaft D' and the grippers, before
they are withdrawn for the delivery of the wrapped product. As shewn, four
rotations of the shaft and grippers are made for each rotation of the shaft D', the
paper being wrapped and grippers withdrawn during the time of two rotations, and
returned during the following two.
The feeding rolls F1 and belts G¹ are driven from a large gear 139 on shaft H',
as follows: The gear 139 drives the lower feeding roll F₁, through an inter-
mediate 140 and gear 141 on the shaft of the feeding roll, and the rolls are geared
directly together at their opposite ends by gears 142. The gear 139 also drives
one of the belt rolls 123 through intermediate 143 and gear 144 on the shaft of the
roll, and the corresponding roll 123, for the other belt, is driven directly from this
roll by gears 145.
The machine will operate to wrap papers varying somewhat in width, without
adjustment of any of the parts, as it is evident that the grippers a¹, may
seize the paper and wrapper by surfaces of greater or less extent, and, with
the grippers constructed as shewn, a considerably narrower paper than that
shewn may be wrapped. It is preferable, however, that the machine should be
constructed so that the range of the widths of paper which may be wrapped
by the machine, shall be as large as possible, and the machine is shewn adjustable
as follows, to take papers of greater width than that shewn :-
As above stated, the vertical end frames B¹, C₁ are mounted adjustably on

page_text: base plate A', and it is necessary only to provide means by which the parts
shall be properly driven in their different positions, to complete the adjustability
of the machine. In the construction shewn, this object is attained by mounting
the gears and cams to slide upon the shaft H', and by extending the shafts of the
belt rolls 124 and feeding rolls F', outside the inner standards of frames B', C¹, on
which they are mounted, so that these frames may be separated further, and the
belts and feeding rolls still properly supported. As the shafts D' E', grippers, and
other parts of the wrapping mechanism, at opposite ends of the machine, are inde-
pendent of each other, and carried entirely by the supporting frames B', C1, no
special construction of these parts is necessary for the adjustability of the machine.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-
As shewn in Figures 32 to 36, a paper, al and wrapper y¹ are just being received
by the grippers, the wrappers being preferably a little wider than the paper, as
shewn, in order to overlap and protect the edges of the latter. In this position of
the parts, the shafts D E' are in their innermost position, the bowls pressing
against the outer sides of the inner standards of the frames B', C', so as to open the
grippers a¹ to their fullest extent, and the bowls 112 lie inside the collars 125.
As will be seen from Figure 35, the cam grooves 134 are so formed that the out-
ward movement of the shafts D₁ E' is now just about to commence. As the cams I'
and shafts D' E' therefore rotate forward from this position, the shafts D' E' are
withdrawn slightly, and just as the leading ends of the paper and wrapper reach
the position shewn in Figure 32, the bowls 112 on the grippers a' b¹ come in contact
with the collars 125 on the frames B¹ C¹, and as these bowls pass the collars, the
grippers a are closed together tightly upon the paper and wrapper, and seize
their leading ends, as the movement of rotation commences, the paper and wrapper
then being wound about the core formed by the closed grippers, and against the
spring wiper c. As the shafts D' E' rotate, they also are drawn outward in
opposite directions, sliding over the bars 127, carrying the strippers 126, which are
held in place by the projections 128 within the collar 129, as previously described,
the pivotal slotted connection between the arms 135 and the sleeve 132 permitting
the latter to move freely with the shafts D'E', while being held in position with the
bowls 133 in the cam grooves 134.
As the rotation of the cams and shafts continues, and the paper and wrapper are
wound about the grippers, the shafts and grippers are withdrawn by the cams, so
that the bowls 112 pass the collars 125, and then move along the inner surface of
the openings in frames B¹ C¹, the grippers then being opened slightly, as shewn
clearly in Figure 37, so as to permit them to be withdrawn from the paper, as the
shafts move outward, the slight withdrawal of the grippers, while the paper is
tightly gripped thereby, serving to put a tension upon the side edges of the paper
and wrapper, which smoothes them out, avoiding wrinkles. As the grippers a¹ b
rotate with the shafts D1 E¹, the paper carried thereby is pressed against the
wiper c, and it is evident that the paper and wrapper will thus be rolled into cylin-
drical form and the previously pasted rear end of the wrapper secured by pressure
between the wiper and paper supported by the grippers.
At the end of the first rotation of the grippers, the parts are in the position
shewn in Figs. 37 and 39, with the paper wound once about the grippers, and the
projecting rear end of the wrapper just about to be drawn in for overlapping upon
the layer of wrapper already upon the paper, the grippers at this time having been
withdrawn through about half of their outward movement, the paper being held in
position against any pull of the grippers by the strippers 126.
Upon the second rotation of the grippers, the rear end of the wrapper is drawn
in, and pressed down upon the layer of wrapper upon the paper for pasting, and,
at the end of this rotation, the grippers are entirely withdrawn from the paper, so
as to release the latter, and allow it to pass to the delivery belts G', forming the
flattening mechanism. The position of the parts at the end of the second rotation
of the grippers, and with the paper released from the grippers, and just about to
be delivered, is shewn in Figures 38 and 40.

page_text: The spring plates c', forming the wiper, being placed on the opposite side of the
grippers from the flattening mechanism, tend to return to their normal position as
the grippers are withdrawn, and by their return movement force the wrapped paper
outward, so as to assist in its delivery to the belts G', as shown in Figures 40
and 41. The wrapped paper thus delivered from the grippers to the belts G¹
in circular form, is flattened thereby, and delivered as the flat product of
Figure 42.
Upon the further rotation of the cams I¹ and shafts D' E', after the delivery of
the wrapped paper, the shafts D' E' and grippers a are returned to the position
shown in Figure 33, while the shafts D' E' are making the next two rotations, and
the grippers thus opened for receiving another paper and wrapper, by the engage-
ment of the bowls 111 and 112 with the outer edges of the openings in the inner
standard of frames B¹, C', and thus the operation is repeated.
While there is shown herein a construction in which the wrapping operation is
performed in two rotations of the grippers, the paper being rolled during one rota-
tion of the grippers, and the wrapper pasted down during the second rotation, it
will be understood that the construction may readily be varied, so that the paper
shall be rolled during more than one rotation, and a longer paper be wrapped, or
the paper be wrapped in smaller compass, so as to be delivered as a closely rolled
circular product, the size of the core formed by the grippers being varied as desired.
If a round product be desired, as is usual with thick pamphlets, the flattening
mechanism will be omitted, and the wrapped pamphlet be finally delivered directly
from the grippers, by dropping it into a box. The wrapper is shown as fed in
simultaneously with the paper, so that the leading ends of both the paper and
wrapper are seized by the grippers, but it will be understood that the wrapper may
be fed in after the paper is partially wrapped, and its leading end held between two
layers of the paper on the grippers.
While it is preferable to rotate the grippers and employ a stationary wiper as
in the construction thus far described, a construction may be used in which the
paper and wrapper are wound about the grippers during the process of wrapping
by rotating the wiper about them, and such a construction is shewn in Figures 43
to 46.
In this construction, the gears 136, 137, connecting shafts D' E' with shaft H¹,
are omitted, and gears 146 are carried by the shaft H' inside the inner standards
of the frames B, C, these gears 146 meshing with gears 147, mounted concentri-
cally with the shafts D' E', and rotating freely in bearings in the frames B'C'.
These gears 147 may be mounted, and the collar 125 of the construction previously
described be formed, in any suitable. manner. A simple construction is shown,
however, in which the gears 147 are carried by sleeves 148 mounted in openings in
the frames B1 C', the inner surface of the sleeve forming the surface over which
the bowls 111, 112 move during the longitudinal movement of the grippers, the
collar 125 being formed upon the inner ends of the sleeves, as shown. A single
wiper will preferably be used, this wiper consisting of a spring plate c', as in the
construction previously described, and being carried by a rod 149, secured at
opposite ends to the gears 147, so that the gears are thus held in position in
the frames B, C', and the rod and wiper are carried about the grippers by the
gears.
The shafts D' El are moved longitudinally by means of the bowls 133 and cam
grooves 134, as before, the cam grooves, however, being shewn as timed so that
the paper is wrapped and shafts withdrawn during the time of three rotations of
the wiper, and the shafts returned to position by a quicker movement during a
single. rotation. In this construction, the pivoted bowls 133 may be secured to
the shafts by the stud 150, as shown, and the collar 132 and arms 135 be omitted.
The operation of this construction is substantially the same as that of the
machine previously described, and will be understood from a brief general description
in connection with Figures 43 to 46. The feeding and wrapping mechanisms are
shown as arranged so that the paper and wrapper are advanced through the grippers

page_text: and beyond them, substantially a half circumference of the core formed by the
grippers, before the wrapping operation commences, thus making the length of the
paper to be carried about the core by the wiper, equal only to one half of
the circumference of the core, the paper being delivered preferably in circular form.
It will be understood, however, that in this construction, as in that previously 5
described, the leading end of the paper and wrapper may be advanced between
the grippers only sufficiently to be seized by the latter, and the rear end of the
paper then wound about the core one or more times by the wiper, the feeding
mechanism being so timed as to feed the paper forward at the same, or a slightly
higher speed, than that at which the paper is taken up by the rotating wiper.
In Figure 43 the grippers are shewn as in their innermost position, and just
about to be closed to seize the paper and wrapper, as previously described in
connection with Figure 33, except that, as described above, the paper and wrapper
are advanced beyond the grippers a half circumference of the core formed by the
closed grippers. As shewn in Figure 44, the paper and wrapper have been seized
by the grippers a', and the wiper c has just commenced to wind the paper and
wrapper about the grippers. As the wiper winds the paper and wrapper about the
grippers during the first rotation, the paper is fed forward at substantially the
same, or a slightly higher speed, by the feeding rolls F¹, and at the end of
the first rotation of the wiper, when the paper has been rolled once about the
grippers, the two ends lie at opposite sides thereof, and the rear pasted end of the
wrapper is just about to be lapped over the previous layer of wrapper on the paper,
and pressed down by the wiper for pasting, all as shown in Figure 45. During
the second rotation, the wrapper is secured, and the wiper then makes another
rotation around the wrapped paper, so as to secure the wrapper more firmly upon
the paper. Meanwhile, the shafts D' E' have been withdrawn by the action of the
cam grooves 134, as in the construction previously described, and at the end of
the third rotation the wrapped paper is released and delivered. During the next
rotation of the grippers, the shafts D' E' are returned to position to seize the
next paper by the action of the cam grooves 134, and at the same time, the next
paper and wrapper are fed forward by the feeding rolls Fx, as shewn in Figure 46,
and at the end of this rotation the parts are again in the position shewn in
Figure 44, with the leading ends of the paper and wrapper advanced beyond the
grippers as previously described.
It is evident that the construction and method of operation of the grippers used
for holding the paper during the wrapping operation, may be varied very widely,
and that while in the constructions thus far described the grippers are shewn as
composed of two parts, both of which are movable for the gripping and releasing
operation, and this construction is preferable, as it gives a large opening for the
paper with a slight movement of the grippers, this is not necessary, but constructions
may readily be devised in which one of the part is stationary and the other move-
able, or in which the grippers do not open and close, but both parts retain fixed
positions relatively to each other, and the gripping action is secured by the rotation
of the grippers inside the wiper, or of the wiper outside the grippers.
In Figures 47 to 51, a construction is shown in which the leading ends of the
paper and wrapper are received within a hollow cylinder d', forming a stationary
gripper, and gripped against the edge of the slot through which the paper passes
by a gripper el, movable relatively thereto, and which forms a section of the
periphery of the cylinder, so that a collapsible core is thus formed, which is
expanded and contracted by the gripping and releasing movements of the gripper e¹,
and the paper may be wound tightly upon the core, and loosened by the
collapsing of the core, when the gripper is to be withdrawn from the wrapped paper
for delivery.
In this construction, the cylinders or stationary grippers d' are rigidly secured
to the shafts D', E', of the construction previously described, and the movable
grippers e, co-acting therewith, are pivoted thereto substantially as in the con-
struction previously described, and operated by similar means, the gripper e¹ being

page_text: provided with the bowls 111 and 112, by which the gripper is actuated in one
direction or the other, as the shafts D, E, move through the inner standards of
frames B, C. It is necessary, however, that the movements of the shafts D', E',
should be modified, and the form of the cam grooves 134 will be changed
accordingly. The construction and operation of the parts at opposite ends of the
machine being identical, it will be understood from a description of one end, as
shown in Figures 47 to 51.
The parts are so timed, and the bowls 111, 112 so positioned, relatively to the
frame B, that the leading ends of the paper and wrapper pass inside the cylinder d¹
just before the shaft D₁ and grippers reach their innermost position; and while the
movable gripper e' is held depressed by the engagement of the bowl 112 with the
inner side of the openings in frame B', this position of the parts being shown in
Figures 47 and 48. The shaft D' being now advanced inward slightly by the cam
groove 134, the bowl 112. passes off the inner edge of the opening in frame B', and
as the shaft reaches its innermost position, the bowl 111 engages the outer edge of
the opening in frame B₁, and the inner end of the gripper is rocked upward and
outward, so as to complete the periphery of the cylinder d', and grip the and
paper
wrapper firmly against the edge of the same, this position of the parts being shown
in Figures 50 and 51. The cam groove 134 is so shaped, that the shaft D' remains
in its innermost position during the winding of the paper and wrapper, for one or
more rotations, according to the length of the paper to be wrapped, and as the
winding of the paper and wrapper, and securing of the wrapper is completed, the
shaft D is withdrawn, and as the bowl 112 passes inside the opening in the frame B',
and the bowl 111 is released from the outer edge of said opening, the gripper el is
thrown inward and downward, to release the paper, and this withdrawal of the
gripper reduces the periphery of the cylinder 4, so as to loosen the paper and
wrapper upon the cylinder, thus allowing the latter to be withdrawn readily. The
stripper 126 may be supported directly on the frame B', as shown in this con-
struction.
In Figures 52 to 55, a construction is shown in which the grippers are stationary
relatively to each other, the seizing of the paper being secured by the rotation of
the grippers with the paper between them. In this construction, the grippers
consist of fingers f" of any suitable form, placed at the proper distance apart, to
permit the leading ends of the paper, or paper and wrapper, to be advanced between
them by the feeding mechanism, and to seize the same as they are rotated, or the
wiper rotated about them.
is
In the construction shown, these fingers f₁ are mounted rigidly on the ends of
the shafts D' E', and the operation of winding and withdrawal may be identical
with that previously described in connection with Figures 29 to 42, except that the
opening and closing movements of the grippers are omitted. These fingers f¹ are
shown, however, as forming a core of such size relatively to the wiper c², that the
paper and wrapper are not pressed against the wiper during the entire operation of
wrapping, but only on the last rotation, during which the winding of the paper
completed, and the wrapper secured by pressing down the pasted rear end on the
previous layer of wrapper. In this construction, the paper and wrapper are fed
forward by the feed rolls F', at substantially the same rate of speed as they are
wound by the rotation of the gripper fingers, so that the paper and wrapper are
wound closely on the gripper fingers, the upper roll F1 being driven by friction
only, so that the paper may be drawn in more rapidly on the second rotation of the
grippers.
In Figures 52 and 53, the parts are shown in the position they occupy when the
paper and wrapper have been fed between the gripper fingers fl, and the operation
of wrapping is about to commence. As shown in Figure 54, the paper and wrapper
are being seized by the rotation of the fingers, and the winding of the paper and
wrapper has just commenced. As shown in Figure 55, the winding of the paper is
just being completed, and the rear end of the wrapper is just about to be drawn in
and pressed against the wiper, for pasting, when the wrapped product will be

page_text: delivered, as in the constructions previously described. It is evident that, with this
construction of gripper fingers, forming a small core, a stiff magazine or other
publication may be wrapped without being supported directly by the core, or its
rear end being held by feeding devices during the operation of wrapping, the
pressure of the paper against the wiper produced by the resistance of the paper to
bending, being depended upon to secure the circular form of the product, and press
down the pasted end of the wrapper for pasting.
It will be understood, also, that a core of the construction shown in Figures 24
to 28 may be used for forming a circular or flattened product, such core consisting
of hollow cylinders carried rigidly by the shafts D E', as in the case of the
fingers, the cylinders being provided, on one side, with slots through which the
leading ends of the paper and wrapper are fed into the cylinders, and the edges of
which form the grippers by which the paper and wrapper are seized, as the
cylinders rotate inside the wiper, or the wiper outside the cylinders.
While two pairs of grippers are preferably used, mounted opposite each other,
so as to seize and hold the paper at opposite sides, the required movement of
the grippers being reduced thereby, as a proper support of the paper, may be
afforded with short grippers, it is evident that the parts of the wrapping mechanism
at one end of the machine shown may be omitted, and one pair of grippers and
operating devices therefor may be used, the wrapped paper being held in position
during the withdrawal of the grippers by the stripper 126, and delivered as
previously described, the only change required from the construction shown, being
to increase the length of the grippers in accordance with the width of the paper
to be wrapped, so as to support the paper properly.
While one of the special objects of the present invention is to provide an auto-
matically fed high-capacity machine, and a wrapping mechanism employing a core in
combination with paper and wrapper feeding devices and pasting devices for the
wrapper is claimed broadly, it will be understood, that the papers and wrappers or one
of them, may be fed by hand to the machines shown and described herein, and the
paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting devices omitted, and certain
features of the construction shown are claimed in such a hand-fed machine, the
feeding mechanisms and pasting devices being omitted in the claims.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
from abroad, I declare that what I claim is:
1. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a core to which the papers and wrappers are delivered
by the feeding mechanisms, means for winding the paper and wrapper upon the
core and securing the pasted wrapper, and means for removing the wrapped
paper from the core, substantially as described.
2. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a cure to which the papers and wrappers are delivered
by the feeding mechanisms, means for winding the paper and wrapper upon the
core, and securing the pasted wrapper, and means for removing the wrapped
paper from the core, by moving one of them longitudinally, substantially as
described.
3. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a core to which the papers and wrappers are delivered
by the feeding mechanisms, means for winding the paper and wrapper upon the
core and securing the pasted wrapper, and an ejector moving longitudinally of the
core, to remove the wrapped paper from the core, substantially as described.
4. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a core to which the papers and wrappers are delivered
by the feeding mechanisms, a wiper outside the core pressing against the paper,
and means for rotating one of the members to wind the paper and wrapper upon
the core, substantially as described.

page_text: 5. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a rotating core to which the papers and wrappers are
delivered by the feeding mechanisms, and by which the paper and wrapper are
held at one end, and a wiper outside the core pressing against the paper during
the rotation of the core, substantially as described.
6. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a rotating core to which the paper and wrapper are
delivered by the feeding mechanism, and by which the paper and wrapper are
held at one end, and a spring wiper outside the core pressing against the paper
during the rotation of the core, substantially as described.
7. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a rotating core to which the papers and wrappers
are delivered by the feeding mechanisms, and by which the paper and wrapper
are held at one end, a wiper outside the core pressing against the paper during
the rotation of the core, and means for removing the wrapped paper from the
core, by moving one of them longitudinally, substantially as described.
8. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a rotating core to which the papers and wrappers
are delivered by the feeding mechanisms, and by which the paper and wrapper
are held at one end, a wiper outside the core pressing against the paper during the
rotation of the core, and an ejector moving longitudinally of the core, to remove
the wrapped paper from the core, substantially as described.
9. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a rotating core provided with grippers to which the
papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding mechanisms, a wiper outside the
core pressing against the paper during the rotation of the core, means for operating
the grippers, to seize the paper to be wrapped and release the wrapped paper for
its delivery, and means for removing the wrapped paper from the core, substantially
as described.
10. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a core provided with grippers to which the papers and
wrappers are delivered, a wiper outside the core pressing against the paper, means
for rotating one of these members, to wind the papers and wrappers upon the core,
means for operating the grippers to seize the paper to be wrapped and release the
wrapped paper for its delivery, and means for removing the wrapped paper from
the core, substantially as described. .
11. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, of a series of
cores to which, in turn, the papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding
mechanisms, a rotating carrier by which the cores are carried, means for winding
the papers and wrappers upon the cores and securing the wrapper about the cores,
and means for moving the wrapped papers or cores longitudinally, to remove the
papers from the cores, substantially as described.
12. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, of a series of
cores to which, in turn, the papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding
mechanisms, a rotating carrier by which the cores are carried, means for winding
the papers and wrappers upon the cores and securing the wrappers about the cores,
a series of ejectors moving longitudinally of the cores, and a rotating carrier by
which the cores and ejectors are carried, substantially as described.
13. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, of a series of
cores to which, in turn, the papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding
mechanisms, a rotating carrier by which the cores are carried, means for winding
the papers and wrappers upon the cores and securing the wrappers about the cores,
a series of ejectors moving longitudinally of the cores, a series of drying chambers
to which the wrapped papers are delivered by the ejectors, and a rotating carrier
by which the cores and ejectors are carried, substantially as described.
14. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, of a series of
cores to which, in turn, the papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding

page_text: mechanisms, a rotating carrier by which the cores are carried, means for winding
-the papers and wrappers upon the cores, and securing the wrappers about the cores,
a series of ejectors moving longitudinally of the cores, a series of drying chambers
to which the wrapped papers are delivered by the ejectors, a rotating carrier by
which the cores and ejectors are carried, and a flattening mechanism to which
the wrapped papers are delivered from the drying chamber, substantially as
described.
15. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, of a series of
rotating cores to which, in turn, the papers and wrappers are delivered by the
feeding mechanisms, a corresponding series of wipers outside the cores, and a
rotating carrier by which the cores and wipers are carried, substantially as
described.
16. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, of a series of
rotating cores to which, in turn, the papers and wrappers are delivered by the
feeding mechanisins, a wiper outside each core, a series of ejectors moving longi-
tudinally of the cores, and a rotating carrier by which the cores, wipers, and
ejectors, are carried, substantially as described.
17. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, of a series of
rotating cores to which, in turn, the papers and wrappers are delivered by the
feeding mechanisms, a wiper outside cach core, a series of ejectors moving longi-
tudinally of the cores, a series of drying chambers to which the wrapped papers are
delivered by the ejectors, and a carrier by which the cores, wipers, ejectors, and
drying chambers, are carried, substantially as described.
18. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a core to which the papers and wrappers are delivered
by the feeding mechanisms, means for winding the paper and wrapper upon the core
and securing the wrapper, and means for removing the wrapped paper from the
core, by withdrawing the core from the paper, substantially as described.
19. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of a core formed of two parts, arranged opposite each
other, to which the papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding mechanisms,
means for winding the paper and wrapper upon the core, and securing the wrapper,
and means for withdrawing the two parts of the core in opposite directions, to release
the paper substantially as described.
20. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of grippers to which the papers and wrappers are delivered
by the feeding mechanisms, means for winding a paper and wrapper into tubular
form, while held by the grippers, and means for withdrawing the grippers from the
paper, substantially as described.
21. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of grippers to which the paper and wrapper are delivered
by the feeding mechanisms, a wiper outside the grippers pressing against the paper,
means for rotating one of the members, and means for withdrawing the grippers
from the paper, substantially as described.
22. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of two sets of grippers arranged opposite each other, to
which the papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding mechanisms, means for
winding a paper and wrapper into tubular form while held by the grippers, and
means for withdrawing the grippers in opposite directions, to release the paper,
substantially as described.
23. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, and pasting
devices for the wrapper, of two sets of rotating grippers arranged opposite each
other, to which the papers and wrappers are delivered by the feeding mechanisms,
a wiper outside the grippers, pressing against the paper, and means for with-
drawing the grippers in opposite directions, to release the paper, substantially as
described.
24. The combination with paper and wrapper feeding mechanisms, pasting devices

page_text: for the wrapper, a paper wrapping core, to which the papers and wrappers are
delivered by the feeding mechanisms, and means for winding a paper and wrapper
upon the core, of means for withdrawing the core from the paper, and a stripper
co-acting with the core, to deliver the paper, substantially as described.
25. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the
combination of a collapsible core, means for winding the paper and wrapper upon
the core and securing the wrapper about the core, means for removing the wrapped
paper from the core, and means for expanding and contracting the core as the paper
is received and delivered, substantially as described.
26. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the combination
of a collapsible core, a wiper outside the core pressing against the paper, means for
rotating one of the members, to wind the paper and wrapper upon the core, means
for removing the wrapped paper from the core, and means for expanding and
contracting the core as the paper is received and delivered, substantially as
described.
27. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the combination
of a rotating collapsible core, provided with grippers for seizing the paper, a wiper
outside the core pressing against the paper during the rotation of the core, an
ejector moving longitudinally of the core, to deliver the wrapped paper, and means
whereby the grippers are operated to seize the paper, and the core is expanded, as
the ejector is withdrawn, and the grippers released, and core contracted to release
the wrapped paper, for its removal by the ejector, substantially as described.
28. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the
combination of a series of cores, a rotating carrier by which the cores are carried,
means for winding the papers and wrappers upon the cores and securing the
wrappers about the cores, and means for moving the wrapped papers longitudinally,
for delivering them from the cores, substantially as described.
29. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the
combination of a series of rotating cores, a corresponding series of wipers outside
the cores, a rotating carrier carrying the cores and wipers, and means for removing
the wrapped papers from the cores, substantially as described.
30. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the
combination of a series of rotating cores, a wiper outside each core, a series of
ejectors moving longitudinally of the cores, and a rotating carrier by which the
cores, wipers, and ejectors are carried, substantially as described.
31. The combination with a hollow paper wrapping core, having a collapsible
section, of a wiper outside said core, an ejector, a plunger inside the core carrying
the ejector, and engaging and actuating the collapsible section to expand and
contract the core, means for rotating the core, and a cam and connections for
moving the plunger longitudinally of the core, substantially as described.
32. The combination of a series of rotating hollow paper wrapping cores, wipers
outside said cores, ejectors, drying chambers to which the wrapped papers are
delivered by the ejectors, plungers inside said cores carrying said ejectors, a
rotating carrier by which the cores, plungers, and drying chambers are carried,
and a cam and connections for actuating said plungers,s ubstantially as described.
33. The combination with a paper wrapping core, consisting of a hollow cylinder
having an opening on one side to receive the end of the paper, of means for
winding the paper and wrapper upon the core, substantially as described.
34. A paper wrapping core consisting of a hollow cylinder having a collapsible
section co-acting with the core body, to form a gripper, substantially as described.
35. The combination with a paper wrapping core having a collapsible section,
of an ejector, and a plunger moving inside the core with the ejector, and engaging
and actuating said collapsible section, substantially as described.
36. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the com-
bination of grippers, means for winding a paper and wrapper into tubular form,
while held by the grippers, means for withdrawing the grippers from the paper,

page_text: and means for opening and closing the grippers, to seize and release the paper,
substantially as described.
37. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the com-
bination of two sets of rotating grippers arranged opposite each other, a wiper
outside said grippers pressing against the paper, means for rotating one of the
members, means for withdrawing the grippers in opposite directions, to release the
paper, and means for opening and closing the grippers to seize and release the paper
substantially as described.
38. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the com-
bination of two sets of grippers arranged opposite each other, means for winding a
paper and wrapper into tubular form, while held by the grippers, means for with-
drawing the grippers in opposite directions, to release the paper, and means for
opening and closing the grippers, to seize and release the paper, substantially as
described.
39. The combination with a paper wrapping core, and means for winding a paper
and wrapper upon the core, of means for withdrawing the core from the paper,
and a flattening mechanism receiving the paper as it is released from the core,
substantially as described.
40. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the com-
bination of grippers by which the paper and wrapper are held, means for rotating
the grippers, a wiper outside the grippers pressing against the paper, and curved
substantially concentrically with the path of movement of the grippers, and means
for withdrawing the grippers from the paper, substantially as described.
41. In a machine for wrapping newspapers and other publications, the com-
bination of two sets of rotating grippers arranged opposite each other, a wiper
outside said grippers, pressing against the paper, and curved substantially con-
centrically with the path of movement of the grippers, means for withdrawing the
grippers in opposite directions to release the paper, and means for opening and
closing the grippers to seize and release the paper, substantially as described.
42. The combination with two sets of grippers arranged opposite each other,
of a wiper outside said grippers, means for rotating one of said members, cams
and connections for moving said grippers transversely to the plane of rotation, and
means for opening and closing said grippers, substantially as described.
43. The combination with two sets of grippers arranged opposite each other,
of wiper ¹ outside said grippers, shaft H', and connections for rotating one of the
members, and cams I' carried by and rotating with said shaft H' and connections,
for moving said grippers transversely to the plane of rotation, substantially as
described.
44. The combination with longitudinally moving shaft D' and a gripper pivoted
thereon, of frame B₁ having an opening through which said gripper moves, and
bowls carried by said gripper, and engaging said frame, to operate the gripper,
substantially as described.
45. The combination with longitudinally moving shaft D', of hollow cylinder d
carried by said shaft, and having an opening on one side, gripper e¹ on said shaft,
co-acting with the edge of said opening and forming a collapsible section of the
cylinder, and means for actuating said gripper as the shaft is moved, substantially
as described.
46. A paper wrapping core, consisting of a hollow cylinder having an opening
on one side, to receive the end of the paper, and a movable gripper for seizing the
paper pivoted transversely to the axis of the cylinder, substantially as described.
47. The combination with two sets of grippers arranged opposite each other, of
means for closing and opening the grippers to seize and release the paper, means
for winding a paper and wrapper upon the grippers, and means for withdrawing the
grippers in opposite directions, to stretch the paper, as the wrapping is commenced,
and while the grippers are closed, substantially as described.
48. The combination with a wrapping mechanism, of a paper feeding mechanism,

page_text: a paper holder, a gripper cylinder forming a part of said mechanism and receiving
papers from the holder, and detachable driving connections for said gripper
cylinder, whereby the position of the gripper relatively to the wrapping mechanism
may be adjusted, substantially as described.
49. The combination of a rotating and travelling wrapping core, a paper feeding
mechanism, and a wrapper feeding mechanism having an adjustable switch for
guiding the wrapper to the core at different points of its travel, substantially as
described.
50. The combination of a wrapping mechanism, a paper feeding mechanism, a
wrapper feeding mechanism, and means for adjusting said wrapper feeding
mechanism, to deliver a wrapper with the leading end of the paper, or beneath the
overlapping rear end of the paper, substantially as described.
51. The combination of a core, a wiper outside the core, means for rotating one
of said members, a paper-feeding mechanism, and a wrapper feeding mechanism
delivering a wrapper between the rear end of the paper and the core, substantially
as described.
52. The combination of a core, a wiper outside the core, means for rotating one
of said members, a paper-feeding mechanism, a wrapper feeding mechanism, and
means for adjusting said wrapper feeding mechanism to deliver a wrapper to the
core simultaneously with the paper, or to deliver a wrapper between the rear end
of the paper and the core, substantially as described.
53. The combination of a series of cores, a wiper outside each core, means for
rotating one of said members, a rotating carrier by which the cores and wipers are
carried, a paper feeding mechanism delivering papers to the cores successively, and
a wrapper feeding mechanism having a switch constructed to guide the wrapper to
the core simultaneously with the papers, or between the rear end of the paper and
the core, substantially as described.
54. The combination of a wrapping mechanism, a feeding mechanism for advancing
a perforated wrapper web, a pasting mechanism for applying paste to the wrapper,
and a breaking and feeding segment, substantially as described.
55. The combination of a web feeding mechanism for advancing a perforated
web, a pasting mechanism for applying paste to the wrapper, and a breaking and
feeding segment engaging the unpasted portion of the web, substantially as
described.
56. The combination of a paper wrapping mechanism, a drying chamber in which
the wrapper papers are held in form until the paste has set, and means for transfer-
ring the wrapped papers from the wrapping mechanism to the drying chamber, sub-
stantially as described.
57. The combination of a paper wrapping mechanism, a drying chamber in which
the wrapped papers are held in form until the paste has set, means for transferring
the wrapped papers from the wrapping mechanism to the drying chamber, and a
flattening mechanism to which the papers are delivered from the drying chamber,
substantially as described.
58. The method of feeding sheets from a pile, which consists in placing the pile
of sheets in a vertically-inclined position, feeding the bottom sheet up the incline by
engagement with the underside of the sheet, and alternately lifting the pile of
sheets on the line of engagement, and allowing them to fall, substantially as
described.
59. The method of feeding sheets from a pile, which consists in placing the pile
of sheets in a vertically inclined position, feeding the bottom sheet up the incline by
engagement with the underside of the sheet, and lifting the pile of sheets on the line
of engagement during the feeding movement, and allowing them to fall after the
feeding of a sheet is completed, substantially as described.
60. The combination with a holder adapted to receive a pile of sheets, and having
its bottom inclined vertically, of one or more rotating feeding fingers advancing the
bottom sheet up the incline by engagement with the under-surface of the sheet, and
projecting within the holder during the feeding operation sufficiently to lift the pile of

page_text: sheets on the line of engagement, said finger or fingers being arranged to release
the sheets, and allow them to fall during a portion of their rotation, substantially as
described.
61. The combination with a holder adapted to receive a pile of sheets, and having
its bottom inclined vertically, of feeding devices constructed to receive a sheet
advanced from the pile, and feeding mechanism advancing the bottom sheet up the
incline to the feeding devices, by engagement with the under surface of the sheet,
and arranged to release the pile of sheets, as a sheet is advanced by the feeding
devices, substantially as described.
62. The combination with a holder adapted to receive a pile of sheets, of a series
of rotating feeding fingers projecting within the holder, during the feeding
operation, sufficiently to lift the pile of papers on the line of engagement, said
fingers being set at such a distance apart, that the sheets are alternately lifted and
allowed to fall during the feeding operation, substantially as described.
63. The combination with feeding mechanism for advancing a bottom sheet from
a pile, of spring fingers beneath which the sheets pass, and stops projecting down-
ward beside said fingers, and normally covered thereby, but exposed by the raising
of the spring fingers on the simultaneous passage of two. or more sheets below the
latter, and adapted to engage the second sheet, to prevent the passage of a plurality
of sheets, substantially as described.
64. The combination with feeding mechanism for advancing a bottom sheet. from
a pile, of spring fingers beneath which the sheets pass, and pins projecting downward
beside the fingers and normally covered thereby, but exposed by the raising of the
spring fingers, on the simultaneous passage of two or more sheets past the pins, and
adapted to engage the top of the second sheet, to prevent the passage of a plurality
of sheets, substantially as described.
+
65. The combination with a holder adapted to receive a pile of sheets, and having
its bottom inclined vertically, and provided with openings, of a series of rotating
feeding fingers advancing the bottom sheet up the incline, by engagement of the
under surface of the sheet, and arranged to release the sheets. during a portion of
their rotation, said fingers projecting within the holder during the feeding operation
sufficiently to lift the pile of sheets on the line of engagement, feeding devices to
which the bottom sheet is advanced by the feeding fingers, spring fingers between
the feeding fingers and feeding mechanism, and stops projecting downward beside
the spring fingers, and normally covered thereby, but exposed by the raising of the
spring fingers on the simultaneous passage of two or more sheets below the latter,
and adapted to engage the second sheet, to prevent the passage of a plurality of
sheets, substantially as described.
Dated this 15th day of November 1892.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.