IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR CHECKING THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS PASSING A GIVEN POINT FOR USE IN TRAMCARS FERRIES PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND THE LIKE
Year: 1884

page_text: We ALEXANDER HORNE, of Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, Engineer,
and JOHN MANCOR, of Liverpool aforesaid, Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR
CHECKING THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS PASSING A GIVEN POINT FOR USE IN
TRAMCARS FERRIES PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND THE LIKE," to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a simple and effective apparatus for
recording the entrance of persons into tramcars, omnibuses, theatres or other public
buildings or places such as ferry approaches, et cetera.
In carrying out the invention our purpose is to improve on the present existing
apparatus used for the same purpose.
In close proximity to the door or place of entrance we place a turnstile made in
accordance with our invention.
This turnstile has four armis, each alternate arm forming a part of the one
opposite it, by this means the arms can be made to slide backwards and forwards
so that when one arm is extended its full length in front of the door the opposite
arm takes up comparatively little space say about one fourth as much as the one
which is extended.
These arms are attached to a central spindle which is carried in journals top and
bottom and slide to and fro between slides of suitable construction provided with
rollers to minimise the friction; each pair of arms is made of a bar or rod of metal
bent in oblong shape perfectly rectangular, and between the sides of the oblong
thus formed is placed a parallel motion consisting of a series of levers jointed
together, similar in construction to what are known as "lazy tongs." To the inner
end of these series of levers is attached another lever extending down towards the
foot of the spindle of the machine and pivoted at its lower end. Attached to this
lever is a small friction roller which as the turnstile is turned round engages against
a fixed curved path attached to the framework at the back of the machine. The
contact of the two causes the arm to be moved out towards the front of the
machine and withdrawn at the back, the long lever acting on the series of pivoted
levers. A spring is placed between the spindle and the long lever which assists in
011...מ

page_text: adjusting the arms. To the top of the spindle we attach a counter which indicates
the number of persons who have passed the turnstile, that is to say the number of
times that the turnstile is rotated. In addition to this counter two ratchets and
pawls are fixed to the spindle, the one to prevent the apparatus being turned in the
reverse direction and the other to prevent its being turned in the other direction.
The machine is thus locked so that it cannot turn in either direction without the
knowledge and authority of the person in charge. By the motion of a lever either
ratchet is released as may be required.
In order to check the fares and moneys collected by the conductor or person in
charge, we place a series of boxes or cases on a table above the turnstile which are
filled with checks or tallies (preferably of metal) upon which are stamped the
amount of the fare or other money to be paid by the person entering. A small
slide is placed at the bottom of each of these boxes which is drawn out by the
person in charge bringing with it one of the tallies. The slide is connected to the
lever which locks the ratchet and on being drawn out releases the ratchet and
allows the turnstile to move and the person to enter. The tally which is drawn
out is handed to him and shews him the amount of the fare to be paid. This is
afterwards dropped into a receptacle attached to the framework of the machine or
in other suitable place. The takings of the conductor are thus checked either by
the number of tallies taken from the boxes containing them or by the number
found in the receptacle containing them.

page_text: Figure 11 perspective view of apparatus.
In these A is a framework carrying turnstile and counting apparatus. B two
light tubular sliding frames forming the turnstile. C lazy tongs attached at one
end to the end of the arm and at the other to the central standard B¹ of the
turnstile. D swinging arms linked to the central standard at the bottom at d¹
and to each other by the links & passing on each side of the central standard and
linked also to the centres of the second pair of lazy tongs at d³. There are two
pairs of links d working.in planes at right angles to each other and each passing
on opposite sides of the skeleton standard of the turnstile, but seeing that, if both
pairs were formed alike they would have to cross at the same point, which would
be impossible, the one pair shown in Figure 1 is curved upwards and that shown in
Figure 2 is curved downward. They each fit their respective pin d' of the crossing
of the lazy tongs, the pin passing through a round hole in each link, of the lazy
tongs and in each link but through a slotted hole in D to allow of a parallel
motion of the lazy tongs. do are slotted end pieces for the tubular framing forming
the arms of the turnstile; each of these are supported between four grooved
rollers E fixed on arms e of the central axis, they pass through apertures in the
central axis and are propelled in and out by the lazy tongs C. F is a cam fixed to
standard A, fa roller, shown also in Figures 8 and 9; one of these rollers running
on a spindle supported in brackets f¹ is carried by each arm D. This cam is made
as shown, eccentric to the axis of the turnstile, and thus the arms revolve, their
rollers come in succession against it and cause their respective arms D to be forced
successively towards the central axis closing up their respective lazy-tongs and

page_text: opening out the one opposite, consequently each arm B of the turnstile always
projects when in or near the position shown in Figure 1 so as to fill the space
between the central axis and the opposite wall or a railing not shown in the
drawings; a railing is however shown in the small perspective view sent for the
illustrated journal. The central axis is pivoted in the base-plate A, and for this
purpose I prefer the ball-bearing shown in the drawing in which two series of
balls babove and below revolve in a groove between the pivot top or its cap and
the base-plate, and thus take off undue side strains from the bearing proper. G is
a somewhat similar ball bearing for the upper part of the central axis shown in
large size in Figures 6 and 7. In these gg are a series of balls travelling in a
circular contoured annular groove and kept apart at even distances by wire gauze
or other light perforated plate g¹. H H¹ two ratchet wheels in the central axis
with their teeth pointing in opposite directions, H being the one actuating its pawl
when the turnstile is actuated in one direction say for entering, and H¹ in the other
direction, say for leaving h pawl working in wheel H. h¹ pawl working in wheel H¹.
ha ha h³ are bearings carrying the sliding spring pawls h and h¹. h lever or pawl
working in a recess in pawl h and keyed on to shaft 7 by oscillating this shaft and
the arm he the pawl is pulled out of gear. h8 Figures 3 and 2, hand lever for
drawing pawl h¹ out of gear. 1° springs on pawls h and h¹ holding them in gear
except when forcibly drawn back. I is a cam, running loose on the central axis of
the turnstile when not held by ratchet wheel J and pawl j as hereafter described
for conveying motion to the counting or indicating apparatus. It has four
projections and four hollows corresponding to the four arms of the turnstile.
runner operated by cam I and carried by framework i¹ which itself slides
vertically in slides rack on framework 1. toothed segment gearing into
rack and keyed on to shaft of the counting apparatus. spring acting on
projection of framework i¹ so as to keep said framing and runner i in lowest
position allowed by cam I, and consequently keeping the runner i against the face
of I J ratchet wheel formed on plate of cam I. Through this the motion of the
turnstile is conveyed to cam I in one direction, but not in the other, by means of
pawl carried on carrier crank or lever j and held down against the face of the
ratchet wheel by spring . K covering case or boxing enclosing mechanism to
prevent tampering and locked in any suitable manner.
L ordinary counting apparatus, the details of this are not shown as it would
complicate the drawings, and we use the ordinary well-known counting wheels, and
this counting apparatus is not our invention or new in any way M cylinders in
which the checks, tallies or tickets m preferably metallic are placed. A separate
cylinder is used for each denomination of tally. m² lids or coverings of these
cylinders secured with bayonet joint with slots m³ and pins m³ and all secured from
turning and opening by a bar m passed through them and locked in place by a
head at one end and a lock me at the other.
N bracket for carrying cylinders and their mechanism. n bearings for shaft h.
O sliding base of cylinder having handles o' for pulling them out. o slide. o' spring
to keep sliding base closed except when forcibly pulled out. o³ levers on shaft h
projecting into sliding bases o³, or against projections of thereon, so as to prevent
the latter being pulled out without rocking shaft 7. o' slots or openings through
which a single metal check or ticket can pass at a time, so that every time the
sliding base O is pulled out, one check or ticket comes out with it, being forced
forward by projection o". P check or tally box into which guard or passenger
drops the paid for check through hopper p. p² hinged door for extracting said
checks when required, but kept locked at other times. p² studs by which box P
is hung on or attached to the counting apparatus.
It will be seen that as the turnstile is locked by pawls h and h¹ unless either of
them be released, the turnstile cannot move.
The mode of action is as follows:-
A passenger desirous to get in for a three penny fare, the conductor pulls out the
three penny tally ovlinders sliding bottom and with it
a threepenny tally and

page_text: liberating the turnstile, the passenger takes the ticket and passes the turnstile.
The apparatus registers 1. When the passenger wishes to go out, he gives his tally
to the guard who puts it into tally-box P, pulls handle hs and liberates the turnstile
so that the passenger can go out. Thus no one can go out without handle h³ being
moved, or go in until a tally has been drawn for him from one of the boxes.
One great advantage too in our apparatus is, that the lazy tong motion enables
the sliding frames to project out a long way beyond arms D when on the useful
side and yet project but a very short distance beyond arms D which itself is close
to the central standard when on the unused side, by this means while the turnstile
occupies little room, the arms D do not project out so as to catch the passengers legs
or be otherwise inconvenient.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is-
1st. A turnstile locked both for entrance and for exit by means of two ratchet
wheels on the axis facing opposite ways, and each provided with a pawl, either of
which is capable of being thrown out of gear by a lever, substantially as described.
2nd. In a turnstile the combination of a ratchet wheel on the turnstile to prevent
ingress, in combination with a pawl which can only be thrown out of gear by the
withdrawal of a tally from the tally box, substantially as described.
3rd. The combination of the tally box, tally box bottom, spring, slide, and slit
substantially as and for the purposes described.
4th. In combination with a turnstile, the ball bearings, substantially as described.
5th. The combination of the lazy tongs with the turnstile arms, whereby the
arm can be slid out a considerable distance with a small obliquity of the outer
swinging arm, substantially as described.
6th. The combination of the turnstile swinging arms with the cam F and the
springs b, substantially as described.
7th. The combination of the turnstile with cam I and mechanism for conveying
to the counting apparatus the motion caused on the runner by the rotation of said
cam.
Dated the 19th day of November 100%
WM P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
and 323, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents for the Applicants.