IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERPROOFING FABRICS OR MATERIALS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Henson Henson, of 38, Parliament Street,
in the City of Westminster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WATERPROOFING FABRICS OR MATERIALS."
Sealed the 14th May 1859, and dated the 19th November 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Henson Henson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
19th November 1858.
I, HENRY HENSON HENSON, of 38, Parliament Street, in the City of West-
minster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WATERPROOFING FABRICS OR MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
I render fabrics or materials which have been subjected to any of the caout-
chouc or other adhesive processes of waterproofing, generally known as
Macintosh fabrics, more perfectly waterproof, which I accomplish by passing
the fabrics or materials (either before or after being subjected to any of the
said adhesive processes) through a solution of cloride of zinc, and then
through a mixture of solutions of hydrated protexide of lead, and sulphate or
acetate of alumina, or both if found desirable; or I use any soluble salt of
alumina, or a mixture of a solution of silicate of soda or silicate of potash and
hydrated oxide of lead.
I also use a mixture of solutions of nitrate of lead, acetate of lead, and sul-

page_text: phate of alumina, or in place of those, or in conjunction with them, I use soda,
alum, or manganese alum, or any of the double sulphates, or the elements,
equivalents, or preparations of any of the processes herein specified. Into any
of these mixtures or combinations thereof, the fabrics or materials are saturated
and then dried, either by common iminersion, exhaustion, or pressure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Henson Henson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th May 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HENSON HENSON, of 38, Parliament Street, in the City of Westminster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Henry Henson Henson, Her special license that I, the said
Henry Henson Henson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Henry Henson Henson, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERPROOFING FABRICS OR MATERIALS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Henson Henson, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Henson Henson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
This Invention, which is an extension of the principle of waterproofing, as
described in the Specification of a Patent granted to me and William

page_text: Frederick Henson, dated the Twenty-fourth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-eight, No. 2146, in which said Specification the
process is claimed as applicable to the purposes of rendering leather, woven
fabrics, fibrons and other materials waterproof, and partially fireproof, pre-
serving at the same time their respective ventilating properties, consists of
applying the same process or Invention to fabrics and materials which have
been subject to any of the caoutchouc or other adhesive processes of water-
proofing generally known as Macintosh's fabrics or materials.
I pass the fabrics or materials (either before or after being subjected to any
of the said adhesive processes) through a solution of chloride of zinc, and
then through a mixture of solutions of hydrated protoxide of lead, and sulphate
or acetate of alumina, or both if found desirable, or I use any soluble salt of
alumina, or a mixture of a solution of silicate of soda, or silicate of potash and
bydrated oxide of lead. I also use a mixture of solutions of nitrate of lead,
acetate of lead, and sulphate of alumina, or instead of those mixtures, or in
conjunction with them, soda, alum, or manganese alum, or any of the double
sulphates, or the elements equivalent thereto, or any of the processes herein
specified. For some purposes I tan the materials previous to subjecting them
to the aforesaid process, by which they are preserved as well as protected from
capillary attraction. It is evident that the proportions of any of the aforesaid.
mixtures may be varied according to the strength or quality of the goods or
materials to be operated upon, but in most cases equal parts of any of the
solutions may be used.
The mixture or solution having been well stirred or mixed, and then allowed
to remain at rest for a short time to become clear, will be ready for use. The
fabrics or materials are then put into the solution or solutions, and immersed
until the fluid has penetrated every fabric of the material operated upon, but
much time and expense may be saved in the operation by means of pressure
or exhaustion.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be distinctly
understood that I do not confine myself to any particular proportions of the
chemical products herein named, as such may be varied according to the
strength and nature of the material to be operated upon; but I claim as my
Invention, and which, to the best of my knowledge and belief, has not been
hitherto used within the realm, the use, in connection with any fabric treated
with adhesive materials of solutions of chloride of zinc, a mixture of solutions
of hydrated protoxide of lead and sulphate or acetate of alumina, or both if
desirable, or any soluble salt of alumina, or a mixture of a solution of silicate

page_text: of soda, or silicate of potash and hydrated oxide of lead, or a mixture of
solutions of nitrate of lead, acetate of lead, and. sulphate of alumina or soda,
alum, manganese alum, or any of the double sulphates, or the elements, or the
equivalents thereof, for the purpose of rendering fabrics or materials surface-
waterproof by immersion, pressure, or exhaustion either before or after the
fabrics are subjected to any application of caoutchouc, or other adhesive
material, and also with or without the process of tanning the fabrics previous
to waterproofing the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Henson Henson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Henry Henson Henson, in the
-presence of
EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
H. H. HENSON. (L.B.)
123, Chancery Lane, London.