IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LIQUORING OR TRAMPING AND WRINGING YARNS
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Macleod at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
February 1871.
I, JOHN MACLEOD, of Renton, in the County of Dumbarton, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR LIQUORING OR TRAMPING AND WRINGING
YARNS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention comprises the adding to ordinary apparatus for
wringing yarns of details for liquoring, that is to say, for immersing
and working the yarns in any liquor with which it is wished to saturate
them instead of this being done by hand as hitherto.
The Invention also comprises improvements in details in and con-
nected with the wringing mechanism, and the improved apparatus is
more particularly designed for the preparation of yarns for Turkey
red dyeing, although also applicable in any operations involving the
saturating and wringing of yarns.
The liquoring details comprise two sets of reels disposed radially upon
discs or wheels turning about horizontal axes which are slightly inclined
towards each other, so that the reels are nearer together at the entering

page_text: side than at the opposite one. The yarn hanks are put on a pair of
the reels at the entering side, and are carried by the revolution of the
discs down through the liquor contained in a semi-cylindrical trough.
The reels have fixed at their inner ends friction or toothed wheels,
which being made by the motion to roll on stationary plates or racks
cause the reels to rotate and so work round the hanks upon them. The
pairs of reels are filled with yarn as they come round, and as each pair
rises out of the liquor trough on the inner side its hanks are transferred
by levers to a pair of the hooks of the wringing apparatus. These
wringing hooks are carried by two discs revolving upon a horizontal
shaft and arranged in the usual way, excepting that springs are applied
to the non-turning hooks to render the tension less unyielding and less
liable to cause breakage of yarn, and excepting also that the move-
ments of the turning hooks are rendered entirely positive, and such as
to wring the yarn first in one direction and then in the opposite. The
hook discs revolve so as to carry the yarns over, and the pinion of each
turning hook first engages with a stationary segmental rack which
causes it to turn in one direction, and it then engages with another rack,
which causes it to turn in the opposite direction sufficiently to untwist
the twist first imparted and to retwist the yarn the opposite way. The
pinion afterward engages with a third rack which untwists a certain
portion of the twist last imparted, and thus brings the hanks to the
further or delivery side of the apparatus, at which part they are pushed
off the hooks by levers, the hooks being then both pointed outwards,
in which position the movable one is kept whilst passing down and
round to the other side by a cross piece on the spindle sliding round a
segmental guide provided for the purpose. The discs of the wringing
apparatus and those of the liquoring apparatus are 'by preference driven
by eccentric wheels arranged to make the motion slower when the
hanks are being transferred, and quicker in the intervals, and the levers
for transferring and those for delivering the yarn are worked by revolving
cranks or equivalent means.