IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF FABRICS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Alfred Turner, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF FABRICS."
Sealed the 30th December 1873, and dated the 26th September 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Alfred Turner
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 26th September 1873.
I, JAMES ALFRED TURNER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF FABRICS," to be as follows:
-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of that class of waterproof
- material for sheeting and other purposes which is composed of two or
more thicknesses of woven or felted fabric or leather united together by
a waterproof material or composition.
The waterproof material liitherto employed for this purpose has been
a solution of india-rubber or gutta percha in naphtha or other solvent..
[Price 8d1

page_text: My Invention consists in substituting for the solution of india-rubber
or gutta percha ordinarily employed a composition of vegetable and
mineral pitches.
This composition may be applied to the fabric or fabrics in the same
manner as the india-rubber solution. It will be found to be quite as
pliable and waterproof as the india-rubber, not liable to run in hot
climates as tar would, and not brittle or liable to crack and break the
fabric as mineral pitch alone would, and will be very much more
economical than the solution of india-rubber usually employed.
The pitches which I prefer to use are, those obtained in the puri-
fication of cotton seed oil and paraffin oil, mixed together in about equal
quantities; but other combinations of vegetable and mineral pitches
would answer the same purpose, provided that they possess the same
requisite qualities, namely, adhesiveness and pliability, without brittle-
ness or liability to run when exposed to heat.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said James Alfred Turner in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th March 1874.
- 4
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
ALFRED TURNER, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her. heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said James Alfred Turner, Her
special license that I, the said James Alfred Turner, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Alfred
Turner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no. others from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully.
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF FABRICS,"

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Alfred
Turner, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Alfred Turner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of that class of waterproof
material for sheeting and other purposes which is composed of two or
more thicknesses of woven or felted fabric, either in the grey, bleached,
dyed, or printed state, or otherwise finished, including imitation leather,
oiled cloth, or other similar fabrics or leather, united together by a
waterproof material or composition.
The waterproof material hitherto employed for this purpose has been
a solution of india-rubber or gutta percha in naphtha or other solvent.
My Invention consists in substituting for the solution of india-rubber
or gutta percha ordinarily employed a composition of vegetable and
mineral pitches.
This composition may be applied to the fabric or fabrics in the same
manner as the india-rubber solution, or in any other convenient manner.
It will be found to be quite as pliable and waterproof as the india-
rubber, not liable to run in hot climates as tar would, and not brittle or
liable to crack and break the fabric as mineral pitch alone would, and
will be very much more economical than the solution of india-rubber
usually employed.
The pitches which I prefer to use are those obtained in the puri-
fication of cotton seed oil and paraffin oil, mixed together in about
equal quantities; but other combinations of vegetable and mineral
pitches would answer the same purpose, provided that they possess the
same requisite qualities, namely, adhesiveness and pliability, without
brittleness or liability to run when exposed to the heat..

page_text: Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be per-
formed or carried into practical effect, I wish it to be understood that I
claim as my Invention, the employment or use for the purposes above
specified of a mixture or composition formed of about equal parts of
the vegetable and mineral pitches obtained in the purification of cotton
seed oil and paraffin oil, or any other combination of vegetable and
mineral pitches possessing the qualities above referred to.
+
In witness whereof, I, the said James Alfred Turner, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
Witnessed by
GEORGE DAVIES, C.E.,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JAMES ALFRED TURNER. (L.S.).