An improved Appliance for Expanding Pneumatic Tyre Outer Covers whilst being Constructed or Re-constructed.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 20th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 3rd Nov., 1900
PROVIDIONAL DILLITICATION.
An improved Appliance for Expanding Pneumatic Tyre Outer Covers
whilst being Constructed or Re-constructed.
JAMES RILEY, of 49, Margaret Street, West Gorton, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Rubber Merchant, and THOMAS ASHBURY STEWART, of 33, Margaret
Street, West Gorton, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer & Cycle
Expert, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
Our invention consists of a tool in 2 halves male and female for the purpose of
repairing and making the outer covers of pneumatic tyres. The male half is com-
posed of two semi-circular or curved cheek pieces of suitable timber approxi-
imating to the radius of a tyre, which are naited or otherwise fastened together,
with a narrow layer of segments between them on the outer or convex edge, thus
forming a hollow casement about the thickness of a tyre. The inner or straight
edge of this casement is interrupted by a rectangular projection built of three nat
pieces of timber, the centre piece extending into the cavity of the casement,
serving as an internal batten and as a means of attaching the projection to the
casement. The centre piece is also made wider than the outside pieces so as to
form a tee slide.
The female half is composed of similar pieces with the exception that the inner
edge of this casement cranks inwards and extends deeper than the projection of
the male half, which it is made to fit.
On fitting the two casements together it will be seen that this forms a round
or oval block divided in the centre by a cranked joint formed by the projection
on the male half and the indent on the female half with a space left at the bottom
of the indent to allow the expanding arrangement to work.
This expanding arrangement is composed of a screw and tapped double armed
lever or handwheel.
The functions of the cranked joint formed by the projection of the male and
indent of the female halves are:-To allow a spindle hole to be bored in the
true axis of the appliance when expanded to the capacity of a tyre and to form
a slide for the two casements, which slide may be in the form of a tee by building
the material up in the desired way.
The expander screw is fixed to the projection and forms another slide by
extending into the female half at the bottom of the indent.
Two auxilliary sliding battens are also used in the construction of the female
half, these being fastened between the sides of the casement, and projecting into
the male casement as far as possible, sliding against the edge of the tee slide and
forming a mortice slide.
Another small piece of timber is used on the female side for strengthening
the casement at the bottom of the indent, which has a hole bored through to suit
the expander screw.

page_text: The expander screw is preferably a square threaded one, and the double armed
lever or hand-wheel may have a loose nut inserted in the centre, thus this lever
or wheel may be made of hard wood with a metal nut attached.
The expander screw is permanently attached to the male half and the appliance
is expanded by rotating the nut.
The periphery is rounded similar to the shape of an inflated tyre and may be
made with or without shoulders to carry the wires or edges of a tyre cover.
The timber used in the manufacture is arranged to that the grain of the internal
pieces cross at right angles that of the outer one to prevent warping.
In use the appliance is held in a vertical position by means of a spindle pro-
jecting horizontally from a bench or stand passing through the axis hole in the
projection of the male casement. This leaves the hands of the operative free to
manipulate the expanding lever or handwheel and adjust and affix the delicate
fabrics which compose a tyre cover.
The appliance can also be spun round in order to assure the operative that the
pattern of the tyre will run true and may be locked laterally in any desired posi-
tion by means of a nut, tapped handwheel, lever or eccentric attached to the
horizontal spindle.
It is also readily collapsed, the expanding apparatus being spun round in a
reverse way, which releases the tyre cover instantly.
Dated this 18th day of November Eighteen hundred and ninety nine.
An Improved Appliance for Expanding Pneumatic Tyre Outer Covers
whilst being Constructed or Re-constructed.
We, JAMES RILEY, of 31, Clowes Street, West Gorton, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, late of 49, Margaret Street aforesaid, Rubber Merchant, and
THOMAS ASHBURY STEWART, of 33, Margaret Street, West Gorton, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and Cycle Expert, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to an improved appliance for expanding the outer covers
of pneumatic tyres whilst in the process of construction or re-construction, the
object being to provide a simple appliance for this purpose and one which can
be readily manipulated.
Our invention consists essentially of a tool formed in two halves and approxi-
mating when together a circle one half having a projecting slide which extends
beyond the centre of rotation of the apparatus whilst the other half is correspond-
ingly indented to fit the projecting portion, leaving however sufficient room for
the attachment and operation of a screw and nut or like means for forcing the
two parts away from each other.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompany draw-
ings in which Fig. 1 is a side or face elevation of the improved tool.
Fig. 2 a plan of the male half of the apparatus and
Fig. 3 a view of a slight modification."
Referring to these drawings it should be understood that the tool or appliance
may be made of any suitable material such as wood, cast or sheet metal, though
at present we preferably employ wood. As will be seen the tool is made in two

page_text: halves a and b which may be composed of one piece of wood or of several pieces
secured together by nailing, screwing, bolting or otherwise. We preferably make
each half of two outer pieces each approximating more or less to a semi-circle
and when secured together the periphery is rounded to approximate to an inflated
tyre cover. The half a is provided with a projecting central portion c in the
form of a slide which fits into a corresponding indent d in the half b the method
of connection being by a tongued and grooved joint such as seen at e Fig. 2. Any
other suitable form of joint may however, be employed and in order to keep the
parts properly in line with each other and to form a more rigid piece of work
we sometimes employ additional guiding battens f which at one end are attached
internally to the half 6 whilst the other ends are free to slide in and out of the
slots or guideways g formed in the half a. These battens of course serve to
strengthen the part 6 also and these strengthening mediums may be supplemented
by other inserted pieces preferably placed with their grain running at right angles
to the grain of the wood forming the outer parts of a and b, so as to prevent
warping.
An important feature in forming one of the parts of the appliance such as a
with a central projecting portion c is to enable us not only to form a more rigid
and better appliance but permits us to form therein a central hole h which forms
the true axis of the appliance when expanded to the capacity of a tyre and upon
which it can be rotated as desired. In order to expand the parts we use a screw
preferably having a square thread of a fairly sharp. pitch one end of which is
secured to the part whilst the other end passes freely into a hole ; formed in
the half b. On the screw is placed a nut & which can be rotated by means of
the arms so as to cause the nut to bear against the face of the indent d and force
the two halves of the appliance apart. The levers may be substituted by any suit-
able form of hand wheel if desired.
We sometimes apply to the outer faces of the halves a and b rings or projecting
pieces such as m Fig. 8. These pieces or shoulders may extend all round the
separate halves a and b or may be made in the form of short projections. Their
purpose is to carry the wires or edges of a tyre cover when making the latter.
Further it should be said that these shoulders may be placed at suitable distances
from the centre of the appliance to correspond with the diameter of tyres being
made.
In use the appliance is held in a vertical position by means of a spindle pro-
jecting horizontally from a bench or stand and passing through the axis hole h.
This leaves the hands of the operative free to manipulate the expanding lever
or handwheel and adjust and affix the delicate fabrics which compose a tyre
cover. The appliance can also be spun round in order to assure the operative
that the pattern of the tyre will run true and when it is desired to lock the
appliance in any position this may be done by means of a nut, tapped hand
wheel, lever or eccentric attached to the horizontal spindle upon which the appa-
ratus is carried. The apparatus it will further be seen, can be very readily
expanded or collapsed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. An appliance for use in the construction or re-construction of pneumatic
tyres consisting of two halves, one having a projecting central portion to carry
an axis hole arranged to slide in a corresponding indent formed in the other half
or portion, the two halves being forced apart by means of a screw and nut sub-
stantially as described.
2. In an appliance for use in the construction or reconstruction of pneumatic
tyres the use of shoulders, projections or the like such as m substantially as and
for the purposes described.
3. The general construction, combination and arrangement of parts forming

page_text: our improved appliance for use in the construction or reconstruction of pneumatic
tyres substantially as described and as shown with reference to the accompanying
drawings Figs. 1 and 2.
Dated this 18th day of August 1900.
WILLIAM H. TAYLOR,
Stephens Buildings, 62, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent for the Applicants.