CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Schofield, of Oldham, in the County
of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 16th August 1853, and dated the 18th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Schofield
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 18th June 1853.
I, SAMUEL SCHOFIELD, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING
AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
My improvements apply to all descriptions of preparing and spinning
machinery wherein "drawing rollers" are employed. My Invention
applies to what are termed the "clearers," which are small rollers or
bosses covered with felt or cloth, usually placed above the first and
second top drawing rollers," resting between them, and revolving by

page_text: friction of contact with them, and which, as they revolve, clear them
from what is called "fly" or loose fibres. But as the second drawing
rollers revolve at a different speed to the first or front rollers, and the
clearer is in contact with both, the consequence is, that the second
drawing roller takes a portion of the "fly" again off the clearer," and
allows it to fall on to and damage the roving or yarn, causing frequent
"lapping" and breaking of the said roving or yarn. My Invention
consists in placing the "clearer" above the centre or axis of the first
drawing rollers," and in contact with the first top or front drawing
roller alone, whereby it is allowed to retain all the "fly" or loose fibres
which it takes up, and thus the said "lapping" and breaking of the
roving or yarn is in a great measure obviated. It will, of course,
be evident that the ends of the said rollers or "bosses" must re-
volve in slots or guides in order to maintain them in the required
position.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Schofield in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 17th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
SAMUEL SCHOFIELD, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Schofield, Her especial
licence that I, the said Samuel Schofield, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Schofield,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain

page_text: and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Schofield, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and
scertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Schofield, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say:
"
My improvements relate to all descriptions of machinery used or em-
ployed in the various branches or operations of preparing and spinning
cotton and other fibrous materials wherein drawing rollers" are em-
ployed. My Invention applies to what are termed the "clearers," which
are the small rollers or bosses covered with felt or cloth, and are usually
placed above the first and second top "drawing rollers," resting or
lying upon or between them, and revolving by friction arising from
their contact with then, which bosses or "clearers" in the course
of their revolutions clear the drawing rollers" from the loose fibres or
"fly," as it is termed. But, in consequence of the first and second
drawing rollers revolving at different speeds, and the "clearer"
being immediately in contact with both of them, the second drawing
roller" takes up again or disturbs a portion of the "fly" from off' the
"clearer," and thereby reducing to a certain extent the advantages of
the same, and they allowing the "ily" to fall on to and necessarily
damage the roving or yarn, causing frequent "lapping" and breaking
of the said roving or yarn in all such machinery as hitherto employed.
My Invention consists in placing the "clearer" or clearers above the
centre of the axis of the first "drawing roller," and in contact with
the first top or front drawing roller" alone, whereby it retains all the
loose fibres or fly" which it takes up, and thus the aforesaid "lapping"
and breaking of the roving or yarn is in a great measure obviated, and

page_text: rendered very much less frequent of occurrence. It will, of course, be
evident to any competent mechanic that the ends or axis of the said
"clearers" or bosses may revolve in suitable carriers or bearings in
slots or guides in order to maintain them in their proper position, and
I would recommend that in sonie instances they may be caused to
traverse slightly along the top of the drawing roller, and also that
in some instances they may be made slightly conical from end to end.
Iaving now fully described the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that. I claim as my Invention the application, employment,
or use of the well-known bosses or rollers called "clearers," constituting
parts of machinery or apparatus for preparing and spinning cotton and
other fibrous materials, placed above the centre of the axis of the "first
drawing roller," and revolving in contact with the first top or front
"drawing roller" alone."
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Schofield, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.