matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SWORD- HILT GUARDS OR BASKETS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO SWORD BAYONETS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nesbit Willoughby Wallace at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1883.
NESBIT WILLOUGHBY WALLACE, Major late Kings Royal Rifles, of Southsea
in the County of Hants "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SWORD-
HILT GUARDS OR BASKETS, APPLICABLE ALSO TO SWORD BAYONETS.
"
My Invention consists of an expanding and collapsing guard or basket for
sword hilts whereby all the protection for the hand afforded by the cubrous
guard or basket of the ordinary cutlass, is obtained, without the attendant incon-
venience of this form of guard when the sword is worn on the person.
The Invention, which may be applied to swords of any description and to sword
bayonets, possesses in comparison with a guard or basket of equal strength and
affording the same amount of protection to the hand, the additional advantage of
greater lightness.
My Invention consists in constructing a skeleton frame or basket of a central
fixed, and of two or more lateral and movable, curved or bowed steel bars, the
movable bows being pivoted at their ends respectively to the "stool" or "guard
plate" and to the "pommel" in such manner that they are adapted either to be
swung outwards to a sufficient distance at either side of the central fixed bow to
protect the hand when the sword is in use, or to be folded inwards so as to lie
more or less over the said central fixed bow and over one another when the sword
is worn at the side. In the contracted position the bows collectively form a narrow
bow or guard of about the same dimensions as that of an ordinary sergeants sword.
The movable bows are fixed rigidly in the expanded position, and the epaces inter-
vening between them and the fixed bow are more or less filled up by straight or
curved steel bars forming connecting links or struts which are jointed to the
movable bows and to a sliding piece movable along the fixed bow and adapted to
engage with a notch or shoulder thereon, or provided with any other form of
locking device for the purpose of fixing the movable bows and forming a rigid

page_text: structure or basket capable of withstanding blows, and of protecting the hand as
efficiently as the ordinary cutlass basket.
The fixed and movable bows may be of uniform or varying width and the fixed
bow may be partially covered by a plate (which may or may not form a continua-
tion of the stool or guard plate, and beneath or over which the movable bows
would fold) to protect the hand against thrusts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Edwards at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1883. A communication
to him from abroad by Jean Gréze and Maurice Gréze, both of Paris in the
Republic of France.
EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co-Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 40, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLOUGHS [a communication to him from abroad
by Jean Gréze and Maurice Gréze, both of Paris in the Republic of France]
This invention relates more especially to ploughs for cutting trenches or furrows,
and it has for its objects improvements in the construction and arrangement of the
parts of such ploughs, so that they are simple, easily adjusted and used, and the
cutting parts can be readily removed for sharpening when required.
The improved plough consists of a main beam of the usual kind, to the front end
of which is attached a moveable shackle having a hook by which the plough is
drawn forward.
Instead of the ordinary front carriage, the beam is provided with a small wheel
turning in bearings in a vertical frame or bar the upper end of which passes
through a slot in the beam and is provided with a series of holes so that it can be
fixed at any desired height by means of a loose pin hanging to a chain.
The beam also carries a frame consisting of two strong bars fixed at their upper
ends to the beam by a pin, and bent in end view into the form of an irregular
hexagon, their lower ends being fixed to the bottom bar of the plough share by
means of a mortice and rivet. Each bar is fitted with a cutter the front edge of
which is curved, the upper part of the cutter being fixed to the stay bar by a screw,
and to the plough share by four screws of which two are at the back and two
at the front of the share, and in this way the cutters can be very readily and
quickly removed and sharpened when requisite.
The ploughshare connects the two cutters at their lower part, and serves to
detach horizontally the bottom of the furrow. Its edge is arranged slightly outside
the body of the plough.
The mould board of the plough is adjusted in front in the same plane as the
share, the cutter, and the stay bar, by means of two screws one of which connects
it with the share and the other with the stay bar.

page_text: The lower part of the mould board is inclined from the back to the front and
follows the share, guiding the mass of turf which is thus raised and turned over.
A vertical bar behind connects the share and the mould board, its upper end
which is curved forward passing through a corresponding slot in the beam of the
plough, and its height can be regulated by means of a vertical screw connected to
it and passing through a fixed nut, a handle being arranged at the upper end of
the screw within reach of the attendant who guides the plough, so as to regulate
the size of the furrow or trench; and handles of the usual kind are fixed by two
bolts at the back of the beam, having a cross stay between them fixed by screws
and nuts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RED COLOURING MATTERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January 1883. A communication
from Messrs Kalle and Company of Biebrich in the Empire of Germany.
FRANK WIRTH of the firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany IMPROVEMENTS IN RED
COLOURING MATTERS [A communication from Messrs Kalle and Company of
Biebrich in the Empire of Germany]
This invention consists in the production of red coloring matters by the com-
bination of the Paradiamines with the amidated ethers of the phenols by oxidation
[in a similar way to the production of the red coloring matter Brazilin from Sapan
wood] which consists in the oxidation of a mixture of the paradiamines with
primary monamines of the Benzol series (Aniline, Toluidine &c). In this reaction
1 molecule of the paradiamine acts on 2 molecules of the phenol ether.
Instead of the paradiamines their substitution products may be employed for
instance Dimethylparaphenylendiamine or such like substances which by reduction
become converted into paradiamines, for instanco Nitrosodimethylaniline and
Dichlorchinonimide. By employing the latter, oxidizing media are not required as
the above substances oxidize themselves in the action.
Of the Amidated phenol ethers the Ortho-compounds (Ortho-anisidine, Ortho-
amidophenetol, Orthoamidobulylphenol &c) are of chief importance. These may
be replaced to the extent of one half by the corresponding para-compounds.
Similarly the half of the phenolether may be replaced by other Monamines, for
instance by Aniline Toluidine or Dimethylaniline.
Like substances are produced by the oxidation of a mixture of 1 molecule of
Paradiamidodiphenylamine with 1 molecule of an Amidated phenol other

page_text: powder or solution. This is boiled 2 to 3 hours and when cool the coloring matter
is precipitated by common and purified in the usual way by dissolving up and
salting out
10 Kilos Nitrosodimethylaniline hydrochlorate under the conditions given in
Example IV are combined with 24 Kilos Orthoanisidine.
The Bichromate of Potash may be replaced by any similar oxidizing medium
(peroxide of lead, manganese &c)
The coloring matters produced are generally of a very fino red and possess
strong fluorescence. The nuance obtained from the alcohol substituted diamines,
becomes somewhat more violet
'
6 IMPROVE- MENTS IN BASKETS, BOXES, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES REQUIRED TO BE PACKED AWAY IN SMALLER COMPASS WHEN NOT FILLED
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Henry White at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th February 1883.
FRANCIS HENRY WHITE of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster
"6
IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BASKETS, BOXES, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES REQUIRED TO BE PACKED
AWAY IN SMALLER COMPASS WHEN NOT FILLED."
This invention consists in a method of or arrangement of making folding boxes
baskets and the like, by which they can be folded flat when not in use, yet when
in use be stiff and strong.
The bottom I make in the form of a tray, and to the bottom I hinge the back
by long hinges to the middle of the tray rail I hinge the sides and front with
shorter hinges. On the sides and front (or back) I place spring or other clips, and
hinged to back (or front as the case may be) I place a strong wire or other loop
bow or skeleton frame of the same contour as the inside of the top of the basket.
This frame when the basket is in use is clipped into the said clips or hooks in the
sides and front (or back, as the case may be) and holds all tight. The lid is
hinged to the back in the usual manner and fastened by any ordinary clip or
fastening. The actual arrangement or order in which the sides are folded is
immaterial and they can each have a separate height of the tray to be hinged to
if desired. To the back of the tray I attach a handle to carry the folded basket by,
and to the front a small spring catch can be added to prevent the basket flying
open when folded. The basket will be found very useful for a lunch basket, and
the box in some cases for packing cases where return freight is an object.
Portmanteaux or travelling boxes could be made on this plan with a double tray or
its equivalent with or without a bottom in the centre of the box when fully
opened-Both the ordinary basket or box handle on the lid and the side handle
are hinged so as to fold or lie flat-so as not to stand out when not used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR PERTAINING TO BRAKES AND OTHER APPARATUS AND DESIGNED TO EFFECT STORAGE AND UTILIZATION OF FORCE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Cambell Stevenson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1883.
JAMES CAMBELL STEVENSON of 11 Alice Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, " IMPROVEMENTS IN OR PERTAINING TO BRAKES AND OTHER
APPARATUS AND DESIGNED TO EFFECT STORAGE AND UTILIZATION OF FORCE
"
This invention has for object improvements in or pertaining to brakes and
other apparatus and designed to effect storage and utilization of force and has
reference to an arrangement of mechanism comprising a cylinder or cylinders
and valves so constructed and arranged as to pump or force air or other fluid into
a receiver or receivers and afterwards to give out the force stored up as required.
The receiver or receivers is or are of sufficient capacity to store a quantity of
compressed air which may when required be again admitted into the cylinder or
cylinders or pumps and utilized as a driving power.
In one form of apparatus according to this invention suitable for stopping and
assisting in starting tramcars one or both of the axles is or are cranked or if more
desirable a second motion cranked shaft may be used driven from the main axles.
On to the cranked shaft or shafts suitably formed cylinders or pumps and valves
are connected so that when the car is set in motion the cylinders or pumps may or
may not force air into the receiver or receivers as required.
The cyclinders are provided with inlet and outlet branches and the necessary
valves for opening the receiver or receivers containing the compressed air to or
shutting it off from the cylinders; also such means for rotating the shaft or shafts
in either direction.
When the car is required to stop the valves connecting the receiver or receivers
with the cylinder or cylinders are opened at the same time closing the communi-
cation between the atmosphere and the cylinders, thus air is pumped by the
pumps which are driven by the action of the momentum of the car into the
receiver or receivers until the pressure in it or them is sufficient to retard the pistons
thus bringing the car to a standstill.
The air in the receiver is controlled by the valves so that if necessary it can be
shut off from the cylinders.
To apply the compressed air to assist in setting in motion the tram car other

page_text: valves are provided so as to convert the pumps or cylinders into driving cylinders
these valves being for admission of compressed air from the receivers, or to allow
the atmospheric air to be drawn in and pumped into the receivers.
Apparatus according to my invention may be constructed in various forms
and adapted for use in other cases where it is desired to store and utilize force as
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA RUBBER PUMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edmund Edwards at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1883. A communication to
him from abroad by Julien Ruffel, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co :-Patent Agents and Engineers,
of 40, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN INDIA RUBBER PUMPS" [a communication to him from abroad
by Julien Ruffel, of Paris, in the Republic of France]
This invention relates to the wellknown form of india rubber pump, consisting
of a curved tube of india rubber which is compressed by a series of rollers made to
pass along it in succession and squeezing the sides together in close contact as they
pass, so that water or other fluid is drawn in at one open end of the tube
and delivered through the other open end, so long as these rollers continue in
movement.
·
Such pumps as heretofore ordinarily made and used, have been costly to keep in
repair, on account of the small resistance offered by the india rubber tube to the
wear of the rollers which pass over and compress it, and the consequent nécessity
for its very frequent renewal.
The present invention has for its object a novel method of making the flexible
tube and the rollers, so that destructive wear and tear is prevented or greatly
reduced. For this purpose the india rubber tube is enclosed in a flexible preserving
sheath or case of leather, linen, hemp, felt, cotton, wool, asbestos, or other substance
sufficiently flexible not to interfere with the action of the internal india rubber
tube. Or, sometimes instead of the sheath described, a flexible varnish or coating
may be applied to the surface of the india rubber tube. The sheath or coating
surrounding the india rubber tube for its full length, preserves it from the rapid
wear caused by the passage of the compressing rollers over it.
In order still further to reduce the tendency to wear, the compressing rollers are
made of such a section as not to injure the tube. For instance, they may be made
with a groove round their circumference, square in section but having the corners
well rounded off, or it may be more or less concave in section. These forms of
grooves presenting less surface in contact with the sheath round the india rubber
tube not only make the pump much more durable, but lighter and easier to use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO BEDS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph George Davison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1883.
JOSEPH GEORGE DAVISON of Sunderland in the County of Durham. Superintendent
of Boys Industrial School, "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO BEDS
”
This invention relates to improvements in beds, more especially for use in public
institutions, such as reformatory and industrial schools, workhouses, lunatic asylums,
and the like, though it is also applicable and well adapted for ordinary domestic
purposes.
Its object is to provide a bed which is cheap and durable, and one that may be
easily packed into small compass when not in use and be stowed away so as to be
out of the way during times of cleaning and for other purposes. The head of the
bed is firmly fixed to the wall or is firmly attached to the floor or is held firm in
other ways. To the wall or other attachment to which the head of the bed is fixed,
or to the framework forming the head stock where such is used, I firmly fasten a
bar or tube by an universal joint, which allows the said bar to move freely in
every direction not directly away from the wall or head, without leverage. The
foot of the bed is preferably made of a strong light wrought iron framework which
carries a cast or wrought slide which comes about in the centre underneath the bed
when in use. Through this slide passes the bar or tube attached to the head.
The foot of the bed slides to and fro thereon. This slide is fitted with an eccentric
or other catch which grips the bar or tube and prevents the foot from sliding
inwards when the weight comes upon the bed bottom or canvas. If thought
desirable or for wide-beds-two or more slides-may be used.
The bottom for the bed which I prefer to use is canvas which is held in its place
at the head and foot by eccentric falls, the canvas passing over and under, the
weight acting as a lever on the upper edge of the fall. The canvas is put over the
head and foot into position before the foot end is drawn out to its full extent, so
that when the foot end is drawn out, it will stretch the canvas bottom and the
eccentrics hold everything in its place ready for use.
When out of use the canvas is taken out, the foot of the bed slid up toward the
top, the bottom of the lid turned over and raised on the universal joint until the
[Pins21

page_text: foot rests against the wall or other arrangement, where it is held in an upright
position, leaving the floor of the room entirely clear. The canvas and bed clothes
may be folded and laid upon the end or foot of the bed which is now in a
horizontal position. The two points of contact of the foot with the floor may be
fitted with india-rubber buttons or studs. These prevent any noise when the bed
is in use and injury to the wall when hung.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO ELECTRO-MOTORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Davey Bowman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th June 1883.
ROBERT DAVEY BOWMAN of 22 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex Electrician. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO
ELECTRO-MOTORS "
This Invention has for its object improvements in and appertaining to electro-
molors and consists in providing the ends of the electro magnets with pole pieces
of a segmental shape in order to extend the magnetic field.
The focus of an ordinary electro-magnet is very short and by placing such pole
pieces on the ends of the electro magnets the lines of force are lengthened and
made to cover a larger surface.
When the polo pieces of the armature face those of the field its polarity is
reversed so that a north pole shall face a north pole. One has the power of
repelling the other until it is out of the range of lines of force, but before arriving
thereat it is attracted by a south polo so therefore there is an attraction on the
one and a repulsion on the other.
As soon as the north pole faces the south its poles are reversed by the
commutator so that they shall both bo of north polarity, it is then repelled, and
attracted on to a south pole and so on.
In ordinary motors the motion is imparted to the armature by attraction only
but it will be observed that according to this invention there is both an attraction
and repulsion rendering inotors of this construction doubly powerful, capable of
starting at any point, and free from such perceptible pulsations
According to a modification the field magnets may surround the armature which
latter may have two or more arms coiled in a convenient manner or with the poles
facing those of the arinature as may be desired.
In order to cause the motor to revolve in an opposite direction I propose to turn
the commutator brushes over to the other side so that the current enters the field

page_text: in the opposite direction and by these means the speed can be regulated or reversed
at will.
It will be obvious that by this movement an automatic actuation thereof may
be effected by an ordinary speed governor in order to effect a regular motion and
the connection of the brushes or their equivalents be connected to the governor by
suitable levers or links or their equivalents which may act independently of the
starling stopping or regulating mechanisın.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING APPARATUS HAVING TRAVERSING GRINDERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Standring Dronsfield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd June 1883.
JOSEPH STANDRING DRONSFIELD of the firm of Dronsfield Brothers of Oldham
in the County of Lancaster, Makers of Card Grinding Machinery, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GRINDING APPARATUS HAVING TRAVERSING GRINDERS
"
My Invention relates to the apparatus employed in the grinding of carding
cylinders and cards ordinarily known as the Horsfall roller. In the said apparatus
a short cylindrical grinder is traversed to and fro upon a hollow shaft by means
of an internal screw which is cut with both right and left hand threads or grooves
crossing each other. Previously to my invention only one grinder has been used
in each apparatus. In the first place I mount two or more grinding cylinders or
pullies upon a single hollow shaft and I cut the screw with a corresponding
number of sets of screw threads so arranged as that each grinder will traverse to
and fro upon a part of the said shaft as for example in the case of a shaft provided
with two grinders each would traverse between an end of the shaft and the centre
or about the centre thereof so that the two grinders would by their concerted
action grind the whole width of the carding cylinder or card, each grinder acting
upon half or a little more than half the width of the cylinder or card.
A second part of my invention has for its object to facilitate the removal and
insertion into position of the fork which engages with the threads of the screw. In
the ordinary apparatus the said fork cannot be removed without taking the apparatus
to pieces by unscrewing one of the ends of the hollow shaft. I secure the grinding
cylinder to the block which slides upon the shaft so that the said cylinder can be
removed from the block. In the said block I form an opening large enough to permit
the passage of the fork. The shank of the fork is fitted to swivel in a plug-piece
which is made to fit the said opening and is formed with a part which projects
into the slot in the shaft and is planed to slide therein the seating for the shank
of the fork passing through the said part. The bore of the hollow shaft is made
larger than usual as compared with the diameter of the screw so that there is
sufficient clearance to enable the fork after being passed through the slot in the
shaft to bo turned into position to enter the screw groove. The plug piece is

page_text: secured by means of a set-screw or by suitable means and by preference is turned
to fit a hole bored in the block. To withdraw the fork the grinding cylinder is
removed from the block to give access to the plug-piece which is then loosened
and lifted out bringing out the fork which if worn out can readily be replaced
with a new one and inserted into working position by passing the fork head 5
through the slot and turning it as herein before stated. The screw axle passes out
through a hollow gudgeon formed upon one of the shaft ends.
IMPROVED BURGLAR ALARMS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October 1883. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Léon Loieq, of Bruxelles, in the kingdom of
Belgium
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVED BURGLAR
ALARMS," a communication to me from abroad by Léon Loicq, of Bruxelles, in
the kingdom of Belgium.
This invention relates to burglar alarms with or without secret locks.
The alarm chiefly comprises two superposed tubes fixed on a metal-plate suitably
fastened to a door post or to the wall of a receptacle.
The upper tube contains a spindle or pin surrounded by a helical spring and
connected at its upper end with a rod in such manner as to form a right angle with
the same, while the lower tube contains a cartridge.
For the purpose of setting the alarm, the spindle is drawn up in such manner
that the rod connected with the same may be placed on a projection or bracket
fixed to the upper end of the metal plate.
The apparatus is so connected with the door that when the latter is opened, the
spindle is disengaged and owing to the tension of the spring strikes against and
ignites the charge placed below.
The invention also comprises a secret lock fastened to the inside of the door
and comprising chiefly a metal box containing in the centre a ratchet wheel
having eight teeth and mounted on an axle which is partly round and partly
square and which passes through the door. Mounted on the same axle as the
ratchet is a lever which comes in contact with a plate placed in such manner
behind the rod connected with the spindle or pin of the alarm that for the purpose
of preventing the plate to push the rod from the projection on which it rests
and thereby causing the detonation of the cartridge, it is necessary to know the
exact moment at which the plate is lifted.
The invention also comprises a device suitably connected with the lock for the
purpose of indicating the precise moment at which the door may be opened
without setting the alarm in operation and which is mounted on the axle of the
lock passing through the door.
This device consists chiefly of a gong connected with a striking mechanism
which may be regulated at will and which permits to find out the moment for
opening the door.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR GIVING TRAVELLERS BY RAIL " INFORMATION TO
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Farrimond at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th September 1883.
JOSEPH FARRIMOND of Southport in the County of Lancaster, Builder
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR GIVING
TRAVELLERS BY RAIL
"
INFORMATION
TO
The object of the invention is to provide cheap efficient and easily actuated
apparatus or appliances for showing or indicating to travellers whether in the
interior of a compartment or carriage or on the platform of a station the names of
the stations at which the train will stop and the times at which it will reach such
stations, together with any further information as to collection of tickets, changing
trains for various routes & as may seem desirable.
For the above object I construct or fit a railway carriage with one or more,
according to the number of compartments into which the said carriage is divided,
grooved frames provided with sliding indicators having suitable locking and
releasing devices so that the said indicators can be moved only by the authorized
attendant. The said frames are constructed with say from twenty to forty grooves,
each groove carrying an indicator with the name of a station or other desired
information painted or otherwise displayed on each side thereof, and are so placed
that when an indicator is slid out of its groove it shall be visible both from the
interior of the carriage or compartment and from the platform.
The frames carry indicators suitable to the journeys performed by the carriages
to which they are attached and if a carriage is changed from one route to another
the set of indicators previously in use are removed from the grooves and another
set, suited to give the required information are substituted therefor. When the
train is made ready at the commencement of the journey the required indicators
are drawn out by the proper official and are moved back one by one as each station
is reached by a porter or other authorized person until the journey is completed,
so that at any portion of the journey there are only the required indicators in
view.
Instead of grooves guides of any suitable form may be used and the locking and
releasing mechanism may be attached to the indicators or to the frame and may be
constructed to be actuated by the usual railway key.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEARINGS, SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bradbury at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 10th August 1883.
"
JAMES BRADBURY, of Braintree, in the County of Essex, IMPROVEMENTS IN
BEARINGS, SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VELOCIPEDES,
My Invention which relates to improvements in bearings, specially adapted for
use in velocipedes, has for its object to reduce friction caused by "sagging" of
the axle; it is also applicable to axles or, shafts of other kinds of machinery or
apparatus.
According to my improvements the bearing is constructed in two portions, so
arranged that the outer one may have a rocking motion over the inner one, the
nxle or shaft passing through both.
The orifice of the outer portion is circular, and is turned to fit the axle or shaft,
but the orifice of the inner portion is slightly elliptical, so as to allow a certain
amount of play to the axle or shaft when weighted, and thus to obviate binding of
the bearings, caused by the "sagging" of the shaft when weighted.
The inner portion is retained in the outer portion by means of a flange or flanges
which may terminate in a screw or screws, by means of which the bearing is fitted
or secured to the desired part of the machinery or apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOATING VESSELS AND APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR CARRYING AND DISCHARGING GRAIN AND BULK CARGO
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Johnston at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1883.
WILLIAM JOHNSTON of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster Steam Ship
Owner, "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOATING VESSELS AND APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES
FOR CARRYING AND DISCHARGING GRAIN AND BULK CARGO
"
In the term floating vessels I include lumps barges hulks and the like as well
as navigable vessels, And by the word "carrying "I include the vessel for trans-
porting the cargo from one place to another as well as the apparatus for conveying
the cargo from the hold to the discharging apparatus proper which latter may also
form a part of the floating vessel.
The object of my invention is to provide means whereby grain or bulk cargo
can be moved from one position or place to another practically without hand
labour and at a great reduction in cost. Taking as an illustration the delivery of
grain from an ocean going vessel to a barge fitted under my invention it would
only be necessary to deliver the grain or cargo into the barge which when taken
alongside the quay or elsewhere for delivery could have its apparatus or appliances
started and thereupon the grain or cargo would be discharged from any part of the
barge so as to leave an even keel or otherwise.
The first part of my invention consists in constructing the vessel with the ceiling
and floors so inclined that any grain put into the hold will gravitate to outlet
openings capable of being opened or closed.
Under the second part I adapt what may be called hollow longitudinal kelsons
or trunks two or more are preferred, to allow bands screws endless buckets or
conveyers to travel or work longitudinally therein.
Third. The conveyers are fed through the openings above mentioned by means
of sliding doors or their equivalents operated by means of screws levers or
equivalent devices acting on rods or connecting agents attached to the said doors.
The actuating agents are so arranged that the doors may be opened more or less
conjointly or separately.
Fourth. The Conveyers deliver the grain or bulk cargo to an endless band and
bucket or other suitable elevator or discharger situated in a suitable well or trunk.
More than one elevator or discharger and well or trunk may be used.
Fifth. Motion is given to the conveyers and elevators or dischargers by means
of portable or stationary engines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas John Mullings at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th February 1883.
THOMAS JOHN MULLINGS, of 16, George Street, Mansion House, in the city of
London "IMPROVEMENTS IN SASH FASTENERS
"
My invention relates to improvements in sash fasteners for sliding sashes the
invention having for object to provide a sash fastening which is automatically locked
by the act of shutting the sashes and which is simple in construction and not liable
to get out of order.
My improved fastening consists of two parts; one of which is fitted to the
meeting rail of the upper sash and the other part to the meeting rail of the lower
sash. That part of the fastening which is fitted to the meeting rail of the upper
sash is constructed of a suitable metal frame in which is pivotted a counterweighted
tumbler or locking piece; the part of the fastening fitted to the meeting rail of the
lower sash consists of a plate with an inclined projection or catch so constructed
that in closing the sashes the said catch strikes against the tumbler and moves it
on its fulcrum and passing the tumbler drops into a recess in the herein before
described frame; the tumbler is then brought back to its normal position by its
counterweight and the sashes will be locked both vertically and laterally.
To open the fastening it is simply necessary to move the tumbler so as to release
the catch and the sashes can then be opened.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING, AND RESTORING TROUSERS TO THEIR ORIGINAL SHAPE
Year: 1883

page_text: .
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Nunan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1883.
"AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING, AND RESTORING TROUSERS TO THEIR ORIGINAL
SHAPE
EDWARD NUNAN of 166 Fleet Street in the City of London.
"
The object of this Invention is an improved apparatus for stretching and
restoring trousers to their original shape whereby the bagging at the knees is
obviated and shrinking at the hollows or bends counteracted.
According to my Invention I fit two adjoining rods each with a curl shaped
plate arranged eccentrically to the centre and increasing in distance therefrom,
One end of the rods is geared or so connected that a motion given to one will be
taken up by the other but in the reverse direction in order to nip the fabric
between them according to the thickness of the same the curl plates moving to
suit such thickness. A second pair of similarly arranged curl plates and geared
rods are used in conjunction with the first either separately or as part of a knuckle
jointed bar capable of being unfolded to extend the distance between the two sets
of plates and rods and so stretch the legs of the trousers and thereby restore them
to shape.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALICYLIC ACID, PRODUCING ALSO ALCOHOLIC PHENATES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lloyd Wise of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF SALICYLIC ACID, PRODUCING ALSO ALCOHOLIC PHENATES. A communication
from D* W. Hentschel, a person resident at Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony,
German Empire
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lloyd Wise at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1883.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALICYLIC ACID, PRODUCING ALSO
ALCOHOLIC PHENATES (a communication from Dr W. Hentschel, a person resident
at Dresden,-Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire)
"
This invention has for its object the production of artificial salicylic acid and
alcoholic phenates from diphenyl carbonate.
In carrying out the invention salicylate of sodium and phenol are produced by
distillation of diphenyl carbonate with caustic soda. Salicylate of sodium and
anisol or phenetol are produced by distillation of diphenyl carbonate with methylate
or ethylate of sodium.
When the substances produced in the above named reactions are distilled in an
indifferent atmosphere phenol or alcoholic phenates according as caustic soda or
methylate or ethylate of sodium have been employed, come over, and salicylate of
sodium remains behind in the retort.
The following equations show the changes that take place-
-
-
COONa + CHẠO H
-
1. 0 o
OCH NaOH =
H
-
C, H.
он
-
2 0 0
-
O C, H,
O C. H
-
+ C, H, O Na = C₂ H
-
- OH
COO Na
OH,
+
C. H..
1
3. O o
0 C, H,
-
- OH
-
.00 H
+ C H, O Na =
C. H
C, H.
+
-
COO Na
CH..
The diphenyl carbonate employed in the above processes is produced by dissolving
quivalent quantities of phenol and caustic soda in water and passing through it a
tream of chloro-carbonic acid gas. The diphenyl carbonate thus formed can be
obtained chemically pure by distillation.
It is to be noted that according to this invention chloro-carbonic acid acts on
benate of sodium in an open vessel.

page_text: or without the addition of sodium methylate or sodium ethylate; as well as by
fusing together diphenylcarbonate and sodium phenylate and sodium hydrate; as
respectively indicated by the following equations, a, b, c and d, (that is to say) :-
a. 200
b. CO
O C, H,
OCH
+ 2 Na HO = C¸ H¸‹
OCH+CH₂ONa + NaHO=CH-
O Na
H,
CON O+ 3C, H₂OH + CO
O Na
OCH.
CON&O + 2 C, H, OH,
C.
co
-O C, H,
-OH
+ CH₂O Na C, H.-
=
OCH
CONaO+C,H,OCH,.
OH
d. CO
CONAO+CH, OC, H.
OC, H, + C, H, O Na = C, H.
O C, H,
3 Obtaining methylphenyl ether or ethylphenyl ether by heating Diphenyl-
carbonate together with sodium methylate or sodium ethylate, as above respectively
indicated by the equations & and c in claim 2.
In Witness whereof I the said William Lloyd Wise have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty sixth day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty three.
W LLOYD WISE (ra)
W LLOYD WISE (19)
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON CLOTH OR OTHER FABRIC FURNISHED WITH SIZE OR FILLING MATERIAL WHICH INVENTION ALSO COMPRISES A COMPOSITION FOR USE IN SUCH MANU- FACTURE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Harris Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st July 1883. Communicated to him
from abroad by Paul Charles Julius Richter of the City and State of New
York United States of America.
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
COTTON CLOTH OR OTHER FABRIC FURNISHED WITH SIZE OR FILLING MATERIAL
WHICH INVENTION ALSO COMPRISES A COMPOSITION FOR USE IN SUCH MANU-
FACTURE" [a communication to him from abroad by Paul Charles Julius Richter
of the City and State of New York United States of America.]
The object of this invention is to produce cotton cloth and other goods or
materials so sized and filled as to cause the same to present a smooth, hard surface
capable of being painted or printed upon, and at the same time improve the
quality and durability of the goods as compared with those manufactured with the
filling materials heretofore used which consist, chiefly, of clay in one form or
another, chalk, whiting, and the like. This improved filling makes the goods at
once dense and pliable, so that they will lie flat or can be rolled without injury.
According to the said invention I add to the size or glue a quantity of paper-
pulp finely ground or macerated, so that it, with the sizing, may enter into all of
the pores and meshes of the goods or articles treated. The glue or sizing used for
this purpose may be any of those now in use, or suitable for the purpose, and the
paper-pulp may be of any particular quality suited to the special goods under
treatment. Thus for very fine work linen paper pulp should be used, while for
coarser work commoner qualities of paper pulp may be used. After applying the
size to the goods, the goods so treated should be passed through a pair of calendering
rollers, which will leave the surface smooth and hard and in a perfect condition to
be printed or painted on.
The goods sized with my improved sizing and filling can be printed upon or
painted on without any further sizing or filling, and without any stretching or other
manipulation, thereby greatly cheapening the cost of manufacturing certain classes
of materials such as window curtains and similar goods.

page_text: The goods produced in the manner above described constitute a new article of_
manufacture, being strong, soft, perfectly filled, and durable, unlike goods filled
with clay, starch and the like, which are barsh and brittle, the new article of
goods meeting a want in the trades that the inferior goods could never fill.
These goods can be used for show cards, book covers or book cloth, window blinds,
and various other uses, and if the sizing used is combined with some water
repelling material these goods are eminently adapted as wrappings for packages,
such as are required for goods making sea voyages.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO HORIZONTAL STEAM ENGINES AND THEIR PARTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Alfred Adamson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd April 1883.
THOMAS ALFRED ADAMSON, of Belfast, in the County of Antrim, Ireland,
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO HORIZONTAL STEAM ENGINES
AND THEIR PARTS
"
My Invention relates to certain improvements hereinafter more particularly
mentioned in horizontal steam engines and their parts and consists; as follows:-
First I form the bedplate, the piston rod guide, the front cover of the cylinder
with its sttuffing box, and the main bearing in one casting, the main bearing being
connected to the piston rod guide and the bedplate by an angle girder. Thus the
engine rests on a foundation which carries the main bearing and the piston rod
guide, which is of C section, and the end of which forms the front cover for an
overhanging cylinder which is bolted to and supported by it.
Second I form the end of the piston rod into a block which works in the C guide.
This block is provided with an elongated opening to receive the crosshead brasses
which are set up by means of a screwed bolt, the head of which bears on the outer
brass, the opening in the block being long enough to allow the insertion of the bolt
which projects through the end of the block and is provided with a square end for
setting it and with a lock nut. The connecting-rod is of forked construction
where it embraces the piston rod block, the fork being long enough to allow
clearance for the device which sets up the brasses. The connecting-rod is attached
to the piston rod block by means of the crosshead, and the crank end of the
connecting-rod has a device for setting up its brasses similar to that used in the
piston rod block.
Third I attach the feed pump to the side of the cylinder and I work it direct
from the crosshead which passes through the block which works in the C guide of
the first part.
Fourth I employ a circular slide valve working over segmental ring admission
ports and a central exhaust port. This slide valve is carried and held in position
by a circular sling on the end of the slide valve spindle which is worked by an
eccentric and rod. The slide valve works in a casing the cover of which is
positioned diagonally to the line of the slide face; I can thus ship the valve and
valve spindle in from the back

page_text: Fifth I use a centrifugal governor counteracted by a spiral spring calculated to
adjust and regulate the centrifugal force and to work the throttle valve which
consists of a cylindrical ported piston valve actuated by a lever in direct connection
with the governor.
The combination of the parts described under heads 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 constitute
the main features of a horizontal engine according to my Invention embodying
few parts and simple construction. They can be used singly for a non-condensing
engine, or with a tandem condenser and compounded in either parallel, or in
tandem form.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR STAMPING, ENDORSING, AND EMBOSSING, PURPOSES'
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Newton Wilson and Thomas Hinds
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th January 1883.
NEWTON WILSON of 144 High Holborn Engineer and THOMAS HINDS of
Theobalds Road Engineer both in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR STAMPING, ENDORSING, AND EMBOSSING, PURPOSES'
"
Our improvements apply to machines employed in stamping letters or for
endorsing or embossing purposes and are as follows:-in lieu of the rotating or
rolling stamp now sometimes used we connect the stamp to the extremity of a
vibrating arm moving loosely on a stud attached to the frame of the machine. On
the top of this arm we fix a strong flat spring at the free end of which a steel
point is fixed and this on being pressed down by the action of a double tappet on
the driving shaft comes in contact with the stamp holder which is then carried
down to the letters below with an almost vertical movement giving a clearer
impression from the stamp than would otherwise be obtained whilst allowing for
any variation in the thicknesses of the documents or letters. The Stamp is then
raised by means of a spring. When ink is employed as for letters we employ a
traversing ink roller which inks the stamp when in its raised position, then passes
it and pauses till the stamp has been brought into action when it is brought back
again performing the same function in the return movement. To facilitate the
renewal of the ink a bayonet catch is fitted to the ink roller which allows of its
ready removal. In order the better to hold the letter in its place during the
stamping operation a fork having two or more prongs or tines is made to rise
through the bed plate of the machine and hold the letter while the operation of
stamping is carried out when it instantly sinks below the level of the plate to
allow of the delivery of the letter. To further assist in guiding the letter into a
correct position for stamping and holding the same a curved spring carrying a
roller is attached to the underside of the vibrating arm and by the downward
notion of the arm presses upon the letter and prevents its movement sideways the
pressure being withdrawn as the arm rises. As it is important the machine
should work only in one direction a ratchet is placed on one of the driving wheels
C

page_text: on which a pawl is made to act continuously. Where it is desired to indicate or
count the operations of the machine it may be done either by electrical connection
or by a mechanical one which latter operating by a lever receiving motion from a
tappet or cam on the driving shaft communicates with a ratchet fixed on a small
shaft carrying a dial and connected with a series of discs similar to those used in a 5
gas meter will show automatically the number of stampings which have taken place
within any given time.