IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH FURNACES FOR TREATING TOWN REFUSE
Year: 1885

page_text: I CHARLES JONES of Normanhurst, Ealing, in the County of Middlesex Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
CONNECTED WITH FURNACES FOR TREATING TOWN REFUSE to be as follows:-
Furnaces known as refuse destructors are now largely employed for treating
town refuse, and the products of combustion often contain noxious gases or fumes.
The high chimney shafts used in connection with the destructors are costly and
under variations of temperature which affect the draft conduct these offensive
gases to a higher level so as to be conveyed by the wind to a greater or less distance.
By the improvements hereinafter described I obviate the necessity and cost of such
high chimnies as have previously been employed and destroy or deodorize the
offensive gases and light material such as burnt paper before reaching the chimney
thereby preventing any possibility of a nuisance to the surrounding inhabitants.
My invention consists in conducting the offensive and other gases and substances,
the products of burning town refuse; direct into a fire and under the concave side
of an additional furnace fire-arch; constructed over the fire, and in the midst and
through the intense heat of a furnace kept at high temperature.
By this means I burn the combustible gases and deodorize the incombustible
gases produced in furnaces which are employed in treating house or town refuse.
The gases are inade to pass from the flues of the refuse furnaces to the entrance
end of the additional furnace where they are conducted by dampers or otherwise
either underneath the fire-bars or preferably direct into the fire at the end of
furnace which is nearest to the refuse furnace; all or part of these gases may pass
over a partition wall and through a perforated wall of fire brick, where they become
divided into many streams, an adequate mixture is thus instantly obtained with
the hot gases of the additional furnace at the entrance end of the fire-brick arch,
where they meet the full burning power of the additional furnace and the radiant
beat of the arch.
Openings are provided in the crown of the arch for the supply of fuel, so that
I may with regular feeding keep the fire at nearly one temperature and sufficiently
hot to burn the noxious gases given off from the furnaces or kilns employed in
treating town refuse.

page_text: Furnace doors are provided for withdrawing the slag, and " sight holes" to
examine the condition of the furnace without opening the furnace doors, which
would tend to reduce the temperature by admitting cold air.
I also make suitable openings to admit regulated quantities of atmospheric air
under the fire bars of the additional furnace and provision to mingle air with the
offensive gases before being burnt when required.
I prefer to build the additional furnace over or near the main flue from the refuse
furnaces and where steam boilers are used the heat from the additional furnace may
be utilized with the heat taken up from the gases of the refuse furnaces to generate
steam before reaching the chimney.
•
I burn either coal, coke or wood to keep up the intense heat or preferably cinders
selected from town refuse and unburnt cinders obtained from the ash-pits of the
refuse furnaces.
To procure cinders from the said ash-pits I arrange an inclined screen underneath
the fire bars of the refuse furnaces to deliver the part I require for burning ready
for use
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Connected with Furnaces for Treating
Town Refuse.
I CHARLES JONES of Normanhurst, Ealing in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
Furnaces known as refuse destructors are now largely employed for treating
town refuse and the products of combustion often contain noxious gases or fumes.
The high chimney shafts used in connection with destructors are costly and under
variations of temperature which affect the draft conduct these offensive gases to a
higher level so as to be conveyed by the wind to a greater or less distance.
By the improvements hereinafter described I obviate the necessity and cost of
such high chimnies as have previously been employed and destroy or deodorize the
offensive gases and light material such as burnt paper before reaching the chimney
thereby preventing any possibility of a nuisance to the surrounding inhabitants.

page_text: My invention consists in conducting the offensive and other gases and substances
the products of burning town refuse from the destructor direct into an additional
furnace or fire and under the concave side of said additional furnace fire arch
constructed over the fire, and in the midst and through the intense heat of such
furnace which is kept at high temperature.
By this means I burn the combustible gases and deodorize the incombustible
gases produced in furnaces which are employed in treating house or town refuse.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 1, 1, of Figure 3.-Figure 2
is a transverse section taken on the line 2, 2, of Figure 1 and Figure 3 is a
horizontal section taken on the line 3, 3, of Figure 1 illustrating a form of
additional furnace suitable for carrying my invention into effect.
A represents a flue connecting the ordinary refuse furnace or destructor (which
is well understood and which I have therefore thought it unnecessary to show)
with the additional furnace B.
The offensive and other gases and substances, the products of the burning town
refuse instead of passing away by the ordinary lofty chimney into the open air aro
caused to pass from the refuse furnace or destructor, through the connecting flue A
to the entrance end of the additional furnace B where they are conducted or
directed by the deflecting arch a or by dampers or otherwise either underneath the
fire bars c or preferably and as shown in the drawings direct into or over the fire
at the end of the furnace which is nearest to the refuse furnace or destructor.
These gases are caused to pass over a partition wall b constructed of fire brick or
other refractory material and through the perforated upper part b' thereof which
is formed of slabs of similar material and is so arranged that the gases and
substances become divided into several streams an adequate mixture being thus
instantly obtained with the hot gases of the additional furnace B at the entrance
end of the concave fire brick arch b' where they meet the full burning power of
Buch additional furnace B. and the radiant heat of the arch b. Or the gases and
substances may be caused to pass partly through an opening (not shown) in the
wall b and thence beneath the fire bars c and partly over the partition wall b and
through the perforated upper part 6¹ thereof.
Deflecting rings arches or baffles 6 formed of fire brick or other refractory
material are employed to deflect the gases as they pass through the furnace and to
afford additional heating surface in order to secure more complete combustion.
Openings b* fitted with suitable covers are provided in the crown of the arch b
for the supply of fuel so that I may with regular feeding keep the fire or furnace
at nearly one temperature and sufficiently hot to burn the noxious gases given off
from furnaces or destructors or kilns employed in burning town refuse.
Furnace doors c¹ are fitted in the walls of the furnace for withdrawing the slag
and "sight holes c₁" are provided through which to examine the condition of the
furnace without the necessity for opening the furnace doors c³ which would tend
to reduce the temperature by admitting cold air to the furnace.
"
Similar "sight holes' are also provided in the walls of the connecting flue A and
the exit flue C, to enable the condition of the gases entering the furnace B and the
products of combustion passing away therefrom to be examined.
I also provide air openings fitted with dampers or regulators to admit regulated
quantities of atmospheric air under the fire bars c of the additional furnace B and
similar openings formed in the connecting flue A provide for the admission and
mingling of air with the offensive gases when necessary before they are burned or
destroyed in the additional furnace B.
I prefer to build the additional furnace B over in or near the main flue from the
refuse furnaces or destructors and where steam boilers are used the heat passing

page_text: from the additional furnace B together with the heat taken up from the refuse
furnaces or destructors may be utilized before reaching the chimney to generate
steam.
I burn either coal or coke or wood to keep up the intense heat necessary or
I preferably use cinders selected from town refuse and unburnt cinders obtained
from the ash pits of the refuse furnaces or destructors.
In order to procure cinders from the said ash pits, I arrange an inclined screen
underneath the fire bars of the refuse furnaces or destructors to deliver ready for
use the part I require for burning; I have not however thought it necessary to
show this arrangement in the drawings as it will be readily understood and. forms
no part of my present invention.
By means of my invention I burn the combustible gases and utilize the heat
produced thereby and I deodorize the incombustible gases proceeding from des-
tructors and complete the precipitation and destruction of fine dust, paper and
other solid matter which may escape from the destructor.
I also by greatly increasing the temperature of the outflowing gases so increase
the draft as to be enabled to use shorter chimneys than heretofore.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The employment in connection with furnaces or destructors for burning town
refuse, of an additional furnace through which the gases and substances escaping
from the destructor are conducted before passing into the outer air substantially as
herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
2. The employment in connection with furnaces or destructors for burning town
refuse of an additional furnace constructed substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.