IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING CHARCOAL AND OTHER FRIABLE: SUBSTANCES TO FINE OR IMPALPABLE POWDER, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR LAMPBLACK
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of, 166, Fleet Street,.
in the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING CHARCOAL AND OTHER FRIABLE:
SUBSTANCES TO FINE OR IMPALPABLE POWDER, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO
THE MANUFACTURE OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR LAMPBLACK."-A communication
from abroad by Johan Ephraim Lundgren, of Stockholm, Sweden.
Sealed the 12th January 1864, and dated the 15th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th July 1868.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MEANS. OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING CHARCOAL AND OTHER
FRIABLE SUBSTANCES TO FINE OR IMPALPABLE POWDER, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE
TO THE MANUFACTURE OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR LAMPBLACK," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in reducing any kind of vegetable, animal, or
minéral charcoal, or carbon, coal, anthracite, and other friable substances to
a state of pulverization as impalpable as ordinary lampblack by means of
balls or spheres of iron, glass, stone, marble, or other suitable material placed
with the charcoal or other material to be reduced in cylindrical vessels, to
which rotary motion is imparted at any speed required.
"The apparatus preferred for carrying this Invention into effect is comprised

page_text: of one, two, or more cylindrical vessels, each divided into two compartments;
the cylindrical vessels are arranged on the same shaft, or independently; they
are mounted on trunnions, and rotary motion is imparted to them in any
convenient manner. Each compartment is furnished with an aperture,
through which the balls or spheres and the material to be reduced are
inserted; these apertures are at first closed by screw or other stoppers.
When the material has been sufficiently reduced, the stoppers are replaced
by wire gauze or perforated plate, which, during the rotation, affords passage
to the powder or reduced material into a receptacle provided for the purpose.
Charcoal or carbon of every kind, pulverized as before stated, may be
employed in all cases where ordinary lampblack is now used; for instance, in
the manufacture of printing and other inks, in paints, in dyeing leather, in
wood, in varnishes, and sealing wax.. It is especially adapted for the manu-
facture of printing ink, and is free from the empyreumatic odour inherent to
ordinary lampblack. It is also applicable to the clarification and filtration of
sugar and other materials. By this Invention I am also enabled to reduce
all other vegetable and mineral products which are required in the state of
fine or impalpable powder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 15th January 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that. I, the said
Richard. Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should .at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times.thereafter during the term therein expressed,.
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING

page_text: CHARCOAL AND OTHER FRIABLE SUBSTANCES TO FINE OR IMPALPABLE POWDER,
PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR LAMPBLACK,"
(communicated to me from abroad by Johan Ephraim Lundgren, of Stockholm,.
Sweden,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard
Archibald. Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in.
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in.
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause. the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is..
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof,.reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in reducing any kind of vegetable, animal, or
mineral charcoal; or carbon, coal, anthracite, and other friable substances,
such, for instance, as ochre, coloring earths, pumice, barytes, marble, alabaster,
bloodstone, tale, litharge, emery, tartar, gums, salts, pepper, rice, and other
grain, and many others to a state of pulverization as impalpable as ordinary
lampblack by means of numerous small balls or spheres of iron, glass, stone,
marble, or other suitable material placed with the charcoal or other material
to be reduced in cylindrical vessels, to which rotary motion is imparted at any
speed required.
The apparatus preferred for carrying this Invention into effect is represented
in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying Drawings; it is composed of one,
two, or more cylindrical vessels, each divided into two compartments A, A';
the cylindrical vessels are arranged on the same shaft, or independently; they
are mounted on trunnions B, B', and rotary motion is imparted to them in
any convenient manner; each compartment is separated from the adjoining
compartment by a partition C, and is furnished with an aperture through
which the balls or spheres and the material to be reduced are inserted; these
apertures are at first closed by screw or other stoppers D, D¹. When the
material has been sufficiently reduced, the stoppers are replaced by wire
gauze or perforated plate, which, during the rotation, affords passage to the
powder or reduced material into a receptacle provided for the purpose.
Charcoal or carbon of every kind, pulverized as before stated, may be
employed in all cases where ordinary lampblack is now used; for instance, in
the manufacture of printing and other inks, in paints, in dyeing leather and

page_text: wood, in varnishes, and sealingwax. It is especially adapted for the manu-
facture of printing ink, and is free from the empyreumatic odour inherent to
ordinary lampblack. It is also applicable to the clarification and filtration of
sugar and other materials. By this Invention I am also enabled to reduce all
other vegetable and mineral products which are required in the state of fine
or impalpable-powder. In some cases I moisten or damp the materials before
or during pulverization.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, reducing charcoal
and other friable substances to fine or impalpable powder by means of
numerous small balls or spheres placed together with the material to be
reduced in cylindrical vessels, to which rotary motion is imparted at any speed
required.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January, One