Improvements in Velocipedes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1895-Accepted, 13th July, 1895
Improvements in Velocipedes.
I, OTTO WARTMANN, of the Firm of Wartmann & Co. Limited, of 73, 74 and
75 Cowcross Street, Clerkenwell in the County of London, Cigar Manufacturers,
do hereby déclare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to velocipedes in which the arrangement for carrying the
passenger, or passengers, is in general form and appearance similar to that of a
hansom cab, and this body is supported on a light frame preferably made of iron
or steel tubes on which is supported at the back part a seat for one of the
persons supplying motive power, and at the front part another seat for the person
supplying the remainder of the motive power and having the control of the
steering.
The front of the frame is carried on a single steering wheel which is mounted in
a fork of the usual construction or a fork of which the two sides are each carried
up to the steering handle and suitably connected with each other and with the
bar or spindle or journals on which it is made to turn.
The two main driving wheels are carried on and keyed to an axle, preferably
running in ball bearings mounted on or under the frame and this axle carries two
sprocket wheels, one operated by a corresponding chain driven by a sprocket wheel
on the axle of the pedals operated by the person on the front seat, and the
other driven by a like chain from a like wheel on the axle of the pedals operated
by the occupant of the back seat. Clutch, differential, or other like gearing is
employed in connection with the driving axle and its sprocket wheels or otherwise
in the usual manner.
The back seat is raised considerably above the frame supporting it, so that
the occupant thereof is in nearly the same position as the driver of a hansom cab
and can look over the body of the vehicle and see the occupant of the front seat
and thus act in harmony with him. The break power is operated by the occupant
of the back seat.
Suitable ties and diagonals give the frame due rigidity and afford support and
give firmness to the seats and steering gear.
With this machine two men can propel with ease, and considerable speed, one
passenger and some baggage, or if the machine is sufficiently wide to afford seat
room, two passengers.
Dated the 23rd day of August 1894.
NEWNHAM BROWNE,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Velocipedes.
I, OTTO WARTMANN, of the Firm of Wartmann & Co. Limited, of 73, 74 and
75 Cowcross Street, Clerkenwell, in the County of London, Cigar Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to velocipedes in which the arrangement for carrying the

page_text: passenger or passengers may in general form and appearance be similar to that of
a hansom cab, either a complete hansom cab or an open or uncovered body which
would virtually constitute the lower part of a hansom cab. This body is supported
on a light frame preferably made of iron or steel tubes on which is supported, at
the back part, a seat for one of the persons supplying motive power, and at the
front part, another seat for the person supplying the remainder of the motive power
and having the control of the steering.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which I have represented two different ways of carrying it into practice.
In these drawings:-
==
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of velocipede wherein the body in general is in the
form of a hansom cab and the crank axles rotated by the two persons occupying
the front and back seats respectively are both connected by chain gearing with the
main or driving axle.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the framing of the velocipede shewn in Figure 1 with the
vehicle body and front saddle removed.
"
Figure 3, is a rear elevation of Figure 1, with the upper portion broken away.
Figure 4, is a side elevation of a velocipede having an open body resembling a
<< Victoria or a hansom cab with the hood portion removed and the propulsion
of which is effected through the medium of both the back or main wheels and
the front or steering wheel, and
Figures 5 and 6 are respectively a plan and a rear elevation of the velocipede
shewn in Figure 4.
Throughout the drawings like letters indicate like parts.
Referring first to the velocipede illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3, A is the.
maiu framing preferably constructed of iron or steel tube and which may comprise
a nearly square frame a with rounded corners, two stays a¹ extending from the back
of the frame a forwards to the front crank axle-bracket B, a frame a substan-
tially resembling what is ordinarily known as a diamond frame, a stay a³ extending
from the back of the frame a backwards to the back crank axle-bracket B
Besides these parts the framing comprises a horizontal rail at supported at about its
centre by an upright a which also serves to support the back bandle bar C
which, though preferably adjustable as to height, is otherwise fixed and does not
serve for steering purposes. The two ends of the rail a are connected, by
inclined stays a¹ to the sides of the frame a and near its centre, said rail a is
connected by a stay a with the upper end of a saddle pillar or support a', in
which an pin as is adjustable in the ordinary manner; the lower end of the
saddle pillar a is connected to the crank axle bracket B' which is also connected
by the stay a with the tubes at and a'. D are the seats or saddles adjustable on
the pins as in the ordinary manner.
At its front part the framing A is carried on a single steering wheel E which is
mounted on a fork E¹ of ordinary construction, or as shown in the drawings, of
the well known construction in which the two arms of the fork are carried up to
and both connected directly with the steering handle F, the fork E¹ being
pivotally connected with the steering head a (Fig. 2) of the diamond frame a³ in
any suitable manner.
Near its back part the framing A is supported by the two driving wheels G
mounted on the driving axle G which rotates in ball or other bearings G
(Fig. 3) secured to the said framing. One of the driving wheels G may be fixed
and the other loose on the axle G¹, or said axle, though not shewn so in the
drawings, may be formed in two parts connected together by clutch or differential
gearing and having the driving wheels G rigidly secured one on each of said
parts.
In the drawings I have shewn two brake apparatus H H', one (H) a spoon
brake adapted to be operated by the occupier of the front saddle D by the brake
lever H2 and the other (H) a band brake, applied to the driving axle G¹ adapted
to be operated by the occupier of the back saddle D by the brake lever H³

page_text: which is connected with the band of said brake by rods h h and bell crank lever h³ ³
which latter are pivotted respectively on the back part of the frame a and on a
bridge rail a connected to the two stays a¹.
On the driving axle G¹ are secured two sprocket wheels I I¹ respectively
connected by chains with the driving sprocket wheels J, J' secured, the
former on the front driving axle j, and the latter on the back driving axle j'.
K is the vehicle body which as before explained may take the form of a hansom.
cab.
This body or cab K is connected to the framing A by means of four standards k
secured at their lower ends to the stays a¹, and by two hooks or equivalent k
engaging with the rail a'; or the connection between the body K and framing A.
may be effected in any other convenient manner.
Kis the footboard or a portion of the floor of the body K, which extends
completely across the frame a, beyond the sides of the body K, the body in this
example being shewn as wide enough to accommodate one passenger only, though
if desired it may be wider to accommodate two or more passengers.
It is to be observed that the back saddle D and the crank axle j¹ and handle.
bar C appertaining thereto are at such height from the ground that the person
seated on said saddle is capable of looking over the top of the cab K and seeing
what the front driver is doing, consequently he is able to act in concert with him
in properly manipulating the vehicle.
The space between the two tubes a¹ which form the back stays of the diamond'
frame a² may be closed in, so as to constitute an efficient mud guard, besides which.
the vehicle may be provided with a handle for assisting the back driver in getting
into his seat, and with lamp brackets k³, lamps, chain guards, and any other devices
which may be considered desirable to complete the general outfit of the vehicle, and
moreover, beneath the seat in the cab K there may be a box or receptacle for
containing passengers luggage, travellers' samples or other articles.
In the vehicle illustrated in Figures 4, 5, and 6 the body K is sufficiently wide
to accommodate two or more passengers and the greater part of the tubular
framing A is enclosed within the walls of said body with the contour of whose side
walls the side portions A¹ of the framing are shaped to correspond as shown in
dotted lines in Figure 4. These two side portions or frames A¹ are connected
together at the front part by a tube a¹³ at another part by a tube a¹ which is
situated at the front edge of the seat or support L on which the cushions L' are-
placed. The two side frames A' are connected together at their back parts by
tubular rails a¹ and a".
At the front part the frames A' are connected by the curved tubes al with the
lower part of the steering head a10 whose upper end is connected to about the
middle of the tube a¹ by the curved stay a" which also serves to support the front
saddle D. The space between the tubes a¹ is closed in by a leather or equivalent
screen M so as to protect the passengers against being splashed with mud and
against draughts &c.
The front part of the frame A is supported by the wheel E which in this example
serves both as a driving and steering wheel, the pedal cranks N being secured
directly on the axle of said wheel and the wheel as in the example illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, and 3 being mounted in the fork El pivotted to the steering head a¹.
The back part of the frame A is supported by the wheels G conveniently through
the medium of four standards O in each of which is provided a ball bearing G
wherein the axle G is free to rotate. The standards O extend beneath the
axle G¹ and are there all connected together by a tube or rail O' which, to prevent
any angular displacement of the axle G¹ in relation to the longitudinal axis of the
vehicle is at its ends rigidly connected to the before mentioned tube a¹ by means of
the tubular stays 0².
The back crank-axle bracket B₁ is carried by the rear end of the tube a³ the
forward end of which is connected to the tube or rail a", this tube as being
additionally supported by the stay O' inclining upwards from the rail O'. Extending

page_text: upwards from the crank axle bracket B is the saddle pillar a which at its upper
end is connected to the rail at by means of the stay aⓇ which at its rearward part
is connected to the tube or rail as by the stay a¹8.
On the main driving axle G¹ are secured a sprocket wheel I' geared by a chain i
with the sprocket wheel J¹ on the crank axle, and a brake drum, the band H¹
surrounding which latter is connected by the rod h with the brake lever H³. The
tube a serving to support the handle bar C and in which, the latter is adjustable,
is secured to the stay aº.
P are two mud guards secured to the sides of the vehicle body K.
It will be observed by referring particularly to Fig. 4 that the seat of the back
operator, as in the example previously described is at such a height as to enable
him to see over the heads of the passengers and admit of his co-operating with the
front operator in properly manipulating the vehicle.
The diameter of the driving wheels may conveniently be about thirty-four inches,
more or less, in which ease the size of the sprocket wheels on the driving and driven
axles is preferably equal, so that I attain what is generally known as a thirty-
four-inch gearing; other proportions may be adopted, but I find these work well
in practice.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A velocipede adapted to carry one or more passengers seated in a vehicle
body or cab such as K and be propelled by two operators one in front and the
other at the back of the passenger or passengers, the rearmost operator occupying
such an elevated position as to be capable of seeing over both the vehicle body and
the passenger and admit of his having a full view of, and thereby acting in concert
with, the front operator in the proper manipulation of the velocipede substantially
as hereinbefore described.
2. In a velocipede adapted to carry one or more passengers in a vehicle body or
cab and be propelled by two operators one in front and the other at the back of the
passenger, or passengers, and in which the power exerted by the back operator is
transmitted to the driving wheels by chain gearing, the arrangement of the crank
axle and seat of this operator at such a height in relation to the other parts of the
vehicle that the said back operator can see the front operator over the vehicle
body and heads of the passengers substantially as herein before described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete velocipede
substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3. of the
accompanying drawings.
4. The combination and orrorement of parts constituting the complete velocipede
substantially as hereinbefore deribed and illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6 of the
accompanying drawings.
The 00-1 1M 1005
NEWNHAM BROWNE,
Agent for the Applicant.