IMPROVEMENTS IH FIRE-PLACES FOR GENERATING STEAM, AND IN OTHER FURNACES WHERE GREAT HEAT IS REQUIRED.
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Martin Stanley, İronfounder, and William
Atkins, Engineer, both of Sheffield, in the County of York, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IH FIRE-PLACES FOR GENERATING STEAM,
AND IN OTHER FURNACES WHERE GREAT HEAT IS REQUIRED.
""
Sealed the 5th August 1870, and dated the 9th February 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Martin Stanley
and William Atkins at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 9th February 1870.
We, JOHN MARTIN STANLEY, Ironfounder, and WILLIAM ATKINS,
Engineer, both of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby declaro
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE-PLACES FOR
GENERATING STEAM, AND IN OTHER FURNACES WHERE GREAT HEAT IS REQUIRED,”
to be as follows :—
This Invention relates to the fire-places or furnaces of steam boilers,
and the improvements which constitute the said Invention Lave for their

page_text: object to economise fuel by the more perfect consumption of the gaseous
products of combustion, and thereby to prevent the emission of black or
opaque smoke from the chimney, to dispense with the use of grate bars,
and to prevent the solid fuel from being consumed faster than is necessary
to maintain the supply of heat from the products of combustion in the
boiler heating spaces or flues.
In the case of Cornish and other similar tubular boilers we use the
front part of the boiler tube for the fire-place, and in place of the
ordinary fire-bars we introduce along the bottom of this portion of
the tube a perforated pipe of sufficient length to extend from the front 1
of the boiler into an air chamber at the back of the fire-place, where
we form the said chamber by placing two bridges with a space between
them across the tube, and cover the opening at the top of the said
bridges with a perforated plate or with brickwork. The inner end of
this pipe, which terminates in the said chamber, is fitted with a throttle 1
valve, opened and closed by a lever and connecting rod from the front of
the boiler for regulating the air or blast passing through it. The fuel is
placed in the boiler tube between the air chamber and the front of the
boiler, where the fire-place is closed by doors, through which, when
open, the fuel is introduced and ignited; the air or blast is admitted or 2
driven through the perforated pipe into the chamber at the back of the
fire-place, and thence through the aperture therein to the boiler flues
when the valve is opened, and through the perforations in the sides of
the said pipe into and through the fuel when the valve is closed, or
through both chamber and perforations at the same time, according as 2
the valve is more or less opened. The supply of air to the fire in the
fire-placo and to the products of combustion as they pass over the
openings at the top of the chamber or double bridge, and consequently
the consumption of the fuel in the fire-place and the heat generated in
the flues, can by these means be regulated as required, and thus while 3
the products of combustion are raised to an intense heat, highly rarefied
and perfectly utilized, the smoke is consumed, and the rate of con-
sumption of the solid fuel in the fire-place is adjusted to the consumption
of its products in the boiler heating flues. The blast may be formed by
the injections of high-pressure or superlicated steam, or hot or cold air 3
driven into and through the perforated pipe, the outer end of which is
closed and fitted with injecting or blast pipes and taps or valves to act
as regulators.

page_text: For egg-ended and other similar boilers we use a cast-iron fire-box,
ogee, semicircular, or elliptical in section, as the case may require. This
fire-box we fix in a chamber of similar shape, and has its sides perforated
with holes inclined downwards to prevent the small fuel or ashes from
falling into the chamber; a blast of air and steam is forced under the
fire-box and through the holes into the fire and into an air chamber
formed at the end of the fire-place, as before described, by a double
bridge. A pipe in which a throttle valve is fitted and worked, as before
described, connects the two chambers. In this case the jet of steam is
injected into a pipo or pipes placed at the end of the boiler and leading
into the chamber under the fire-box. The fuel is supplied through
doors, as in common boilers.
For marine or locomotive boilers a fire-box is used having several
OD shaped perforated tubes, through which the blast is forced by
stoam jets, as before stated. Arrangements for regulating the blast
and for forming an air chamber and also for consuming smoko being
provided, as before described.
The same improvements may be applied for economising the con-
sumption of fuel and for consuming smoke in the furnaces and fire-
places of boilers such as are used by brewers, distillers, dyers, and the
like, as well as for large boilers generally. In cases where wider fire-
places are required than those for ordinary boilers set in brickwork, wo
provide a cast-iron fire-box with a cavity underneath it, and an air
chamber formed at its inner end, and also having one or more perforated
tubes the throttle valves attached operates as before described. The
products of combustion from this fire-box are treated and applied as
before described.
0
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Martin Stanley and William Atkins in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th August 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, John
MARTIN STANLEY, Ironfounder, and WILLIAM ATKINS, Engineer, both
of Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
5 Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of February, in the year

page_text: '
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
'third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Martin Stanley and William
¡Atkins, Her special licence, that we, the said John. Martin Stanley and
William Atkins, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as wo, the said John Martin Stanley and William Atkins, our exccutors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any timo agroc with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
⚫therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTSŢIN
FIRE-PLACES FOR GENERATING STEAM, AND IN OTHER FURNACES WHERE GREAT
HEAT IS REQUIRED," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
John Martin Stanley and William Atkins, our exccutors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in. writing under our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause, the same to.bo filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
•NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Martin Stanley and William
Atkins, do hereby deolaro the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-.
"
The improvements which constitute this Invention relate to the fire-
places of boilers and other furnaces, and have for their object, firstly, to
economisc the consumption of fuel by rendering the combustion of the
gaseous products of the fuel moro perfect, and thereby to prevent the
emission of black or opaque smoke from the chimney; secondly, to
cause the heat evolved by combustion to impinge more effectively ar
powerfully upon or against boiler or other heating surfaces or flues
before passing into the chimney.
In the case of Cornish and other similar tubular boilers we use tho
front part of the boiler tube or tubes for the fire-place, but in licu of
the ordinary firc-bars wo introduce along the bottom of this portion
of the boiler flue or flues a metal tube or tubes perforated at the top
and sides as may be required; this said tube may be either of a circular,
elliptical, or any other suitable shape in section according to the size or

page_text: form of fire-place, and may be either in one or more pieces. For
ordinary tubular boilers we prefer to have the upper part of the metal
tube, which is perforated, in loose parts, for the convenience of replacing
them when worn out. This tube extends from the front part of the
boiler to the bridge air chamber, and is provided with a throttle valve at
the inner end, which is worked by means of a connecting rod at the
front of the boiler. The bridge air chamber is formed by two parallel
partitions across the flue of the boiler at the end of the fire-place; the
space betwixt the two partitions forms the said air chamber, and is
covered with perforated metal or brickwork. In some cases we leave
the front part of the perforated tube open to the external air, and by
means of a suitable pipe or pipes inject a jet or jets of steam into the
tube for the purpose of inducing or propelling a blast, which is forced
through the perforations in the said tube into the fire. After coaling
the fire, and when a partial combustion is going on in the fire-place, or
black or opaque smoke is being emitted, the valve before mentioned is
opened, and allows part of the air to pass directly through the tube into
the bridge air chamber, and thence through the perforations at the top
of the bridge. This air in passing through the hot tube and air chamber
becomes heated sufficiently to effect the combustion of the smoke and
the gaseous products of the burning fuel as they pass over the bridge.
In other cases we close the front part of the perforated tube by means of
a cast-iron box fitted with a blast pipo at the side, and an air-tight door
in the front, through which the ashes and refuse products of combustion
may be removed; the blast may be either driven through the pipe at the
side of the box by means of a fan or blowing engine, or be induced or
propelled by a jet or jets of steam, as before described. By these means
of supplying fire-places or furnaces with the air necessary for the com-
bustion of the fuel a high chimney stack for inducing a draft is rendered
unnecessary, and by contracting the outlet for the products of combustion
by means of a damper or valvo the heat is caused to impinge moro
effectively and for a longer period against or upon the heating surface,
and thus operate more powerfully than when passing over such surfaco
in the usual way.

page_text: Fig. 6 is intended to illustrate the mode of applying the improvements
herein described in cases where the fire-places or furnaces are of increased
width and length, and in which case instead of using the perforated tube.
we introduce a number of perforated plates formed as shown at a, a, a;.
these plates are supported upon the cross bars or bearers 6 placed from.
two to three feet apart (more or less). These plates are made of sufficient
length to extend from bearer to bearer. The perforations c, c, through
which the air to the fuel is drawn or driven are incline:1,.as here shewn,
to prevent the fire from falling through. The outer end of the fire-place
is closed air-tight, and the blast driven in through the blast pipes c, e, of
which the number may be regulated as required. d is a door, which
closes air-tight, and is provided for removing the ashes when necessary.
At the inner end of the fire-place an air chamber is formed and fitted
with one or more valves, as hercin-before described.
We claim the several improvements substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Martin Stanley, on behalf of.
myself and the said William Atkins, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy: