Year: 1897

page_text: We, PATRICK BLACKSTOCK M'GLASHAN, of Granton Harbour, Edinburgh, Civil
Engineer, and ALEXANDER BOYD, of 38, East Cottages, Granton, Tin Smith, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to a new or improved washing machine, which possesses
certain advantages.
We shall for the purpose of this specification describe one contemplated form
of our invention. This contemplated form refers to a washing-machine worked
by the hand and intended to be used in conjunction with the ordinary washing-
tub.
This form of our invention consists essentially of two parts which we may term
for the purposes of this specification the handle and the washing device.
The handle may consist of any of the well known forms adopted in the dollies
or peggies of ordinary use, consisting essentially of a vertical rod with a cross
handle piece, or in other forms of handle. The washing-device in the con-
templated form which we are describing consists of seven cylinders made of metal,
and so arranged that there is a central cylinder with six others surrounding it.
The cylinders are arranged so that their axes occupy a vertical position. These
cylinders are held together by two hoops of metal or other suitable material, one
near the bottom of the cylinders and one near the top. The height of the
cylinders is such that when placed in the tub their upper edge will be well below
the top of the tub.
These cylinders are open at the bottom; and the bottom edges are turned
round and inwards so that rounded surfaces are formed to come in contact with
the clothes. The upper ends of the cylinders are closed by a circular metal plate
which is placed over all seven, each of the cylinders being soldered or otherwise
suitably attached to their plate. In this plate are pierced holes which admit air
to the interior of each of the cylinders.. The handle is then suitably attached to
the washing arrangement first described by iron stays or straps, which are carried
up from the upper circumscribing band to the handle. The vertical axis on the
handle is in alignment with the vertical axis of the central cylinder. The con-
templated form which we have just described represents one simple and easily
.constructed example of our invention.
We do not however in any way bind ourselves to this form. We may for
example employ not seven cylinders but a greater or smaller number; and these
we may arrange in any desirable way. We may moreover employ one large
cylinder in conjunction with several smaller cylinders, disposed with reference to
one another either concentrically or otherwise. It is further clear that instead
of cylinders we might employ any form of polygonal prism, or a combination of
polygonal prism and cyliner.
The material of which these cylinders or prisms are composed may be of zinc,
wood or any other suitable substance.

page_text: The straps used for binding the cylinders described in our contemplated form
may have their place taken by any suitable mode whereby the various cylinders
or prisms may be connected together, while the plate referred to in the con-
templated form may be replaced by separate caps or tops to each cylinder or
prism.
If one large plate covering all the cylinders or prisms be used it may be found
advantageous to place above this plate a conical or dome shaped cap of metal or
other suitable material through the centre of which the handle may pass and
be by suitable means attached thereto. Instead of a conical or dome shaped cap
we may employ a cylindrical or polygonal cap.
It is clear that in place of a cap fixed above the cylinders or prisms we may
put in diaphrams or partitions in each cylinder or prism at a certain distance
below the top plate. These diaphrams or partitions would have holes pierced
in them. In the event of the conical or dome shaped cap being used holes are
made through the plate while the cap itself is also perforated. Where the
cylindrical cap is used similar means are adopted for permitting the escape of air
by the formation of holes in the top or walls. Such caps whether cylindrical or
dome shaped can be employed in conjunction with cylinders or prisms the upper
ends of which are covered by separate tops or lids.
We have spoken in our contemplated form of rounding over the edges of the
cylinders to prevent abrasion. It may be found better however to employ a
circular or other form of beading made of wood rubber or the like which beading
we attach by suitable means to the lower edges of the cylinders or prisms.
We have also spoken of perforations for the escape of air, the presence of such
perforations is not however essential.
We have described our contemplated form of machine as one actuated by hand
but it is clear that our invention is also applicable to larger forms which would
necessitate the use of steam, electricity or other motive
D
power.
We, PATRICK BLACKSTOCK M'GLASHAN,, of Granton Harbour, Edinburgh, Civil
Engineer, and ALEXANDER BOYD, of 38, East Cottages, Granton, Tin Smith, do
hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our invention relates to a new or improved washing machine which possesses
certain advantages. In order to render the description clearer we have appended
a sheet of drawings in which,
Figure 1 is an elevation of one form of our washing machine,
Figure 2 a vertical section of same,
Figure 3 a horizontal section through the washing device on the line'a a of
Figure 2.
Figure 4 a horizontal section of a second form of our washing machine,
Figures 5 and 6 horizontal and vertical sections of a third form of our washing
machine, and
.

page_text: Figure 7 a horizontal section of a fourth form of washing machine.
In Figures 1 and 2 the handle is of the well known forms adopted in the
dollies or peggies of ordinary use and consisting essentially of a vertical rod
marked A with a cross handle picce B. In the case of a machine actuated washer
the handle part of our invention is altered to suit the special requirements of
the case.
In
As regards the washing device proper this consists in the form shown in
Figures 1, 2 and 3 of several concentric cylinder of metal or other suitable
material, marked a¹ a² a³a. These cylinders are open at the bottom and have
their edges rounded over so as to prevent abrasion of the materials to be washed.
The upper extremities of these cylinders are covered by a plate b to which the
upper edges of the cylinders are soldered or otherwise suitably attached.
this plate bare pierced holes c. Above this plate b is the conical or dome shaped
cap C formed of metal or other suitable material which is securely rivetted or
otherwise attached to the plate b. Through the centre of this cap, which ter-
minates in a tube or socket D, passes the handle A to which it is suitably fixed.
When desired the tube D may be prolonged downwards through the cap C and
also through the lower part of the washing device as shown in Figure 2.
The dome shaped cap before referred to is likewise perforated with holes c so
that the interior of the cylinders can ventilate into the open air.
In Figure 4 we show in horizontal section another form of washer in which wo
have a central cylinder with polygonal prism surrounding it and in Figures 5
and 6 we show a form where seven cylinders are arranged one cylinder being placed
centrally and the six others surrounding it, all seven cylinders being secured
together by the straps h, h.
In Figure 7 we show a form of washer composed of polygonal prisms only in
which form the handle is not carried down into the washer proper. Such arrange
ments of cylinders and prisms as are illustrated may be modified both as regards
the number of cylinders and their disposition as regards one another. It is
further clear that any form of polygonal prism or a combination of polygonal
prisms and cylinders may be used.
When such a form as that of the seven cylinders is employed or where cylinders
and polygonal prisms are combined the conical or dome shaped cap before
mentioned is formed so as to suit the external configuration of the washing device
being, as the case may be, of cylindric or polygonal form.
In place of a conical or other shaped cap fitted above the cylinders or prisms
we may put in diaphrams or partitions e, f, as shown in Figure 6 in such
cylinders or prisms a certain distance below the top plate. These diaphrams or
partitions can be pierced with holes.
It may be remarked that the presence of air holes is not essential in any of the
forms of our invention.
We have previously spoken of the rounded edges of the cylinders or prisms
employed. We can instead of rounding over the edges affix a circular or other
form of beading made of wood, rubber or the like to the lower edges of the
cylinders or prisms. In Figure 6 a form of circular beading 7 is shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
(1) The new or improved washing machine consisting of concentric cylinders,
a dome shaped cap or its equivalent and a handle substantially as set forth.
(2) The new or improved washing machine consisting of a combination of
cylindrical and polygonal prismatic elements with cap or diaphram and handle
substantially as set forth.
(3) The new or improved washing machine consisting of a number of cylinders

page_text: arranged side by side substantially as shown in Figure 5 and 6 with cap or
diaphram and handle.
(4) The new or improved washing machine consisting of a combination of
polygonal prisms with cap or diaphram and handle substantially as set forth.
(5) The new or improved washing machine substantially as set forth.