CERTAIN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FILINGS OR OTHER SMALL BITS OR PARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL FROM OTHER METALLIC FILINGS, SCRAPINGS, CHIPPINGS, OB OTHER SMALL PARTICLES OR DUST
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Thomas Bissell Allday, of Rednall, in the
County of Worcester, Farmer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FILINGS OR OTHER SMALL BITS OR PARTICLES OF
IRON OR STEEL FROM OTHER METALLIC FILINGS, SCRAPINGS, CHIPPINGS, OB
OTHER SMALL PARTICLES OR DUST."
Sealed the 6th July 1860, and dated the 10th January 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Thomas Bissel
Allday at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 10th January 1860.
I, WILLIAM THOMAS BISSELL ALLDAY, of Rednall, in the County of Wor-
cester, Farmer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FILINGS OR OTHER SMALL BITS
OR PARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL PROM OTHER METALLIC FILINGS, SCRAPINGS,
CHIPPINGS, OR OTHER SMALL PARTICLES OR DUST," to be as follows (that is
to say):
My Invention consists of taking the dust filings, chippings, or other small
particles in mass, and letting it fall over an inclined riddle or sieve, which
will allow the grosser parts or filings to roll off into one receiver, while the
smaller particles will fall through the sieve to a receiver below, from whence,
by a regulating and vibrating mouth, it is allowed to descend on a wheel fitted

page_text: with magnets placed in a radial direction. These magnets are placed a
convenient distance apart, and forms cavities for holding the dust, which
by its weight will cause the wheel to revolve, in doing which the dust will fall
from magnet to magnet, and distribute itself as it were over the surface
until the brass or other metallic dust falls into a receiver below, while the
particles of iron or steel with which brass or other metallic dust is usually
mixed will be attracted to the magnets, and carried back by their revolving
action where a brush may be used, or other convenient means for removing
such particles, which, like the brass or other metallic dust, I purpose sweeping
into a receiver; this operation may be repeated as frequent as may be neces-
sary to thoroughly separate tho dust from all particles of iron or steel; but in
operating on large quantities I further propose to apply a vibrating regulating
mouth-piece at the bottom of the receiver for holding the brass or other
metallic dust so operated on, from whence I propose that it should descend on
a regulated inclined plane, to be intercepted in its descent by a suitable series
of reciprocating magnets, which magnets in their reciprocating action are
brushed from the time they pass from the descending channel through which
the brass or other metallic dust falls, to the time they return to pass through
the channel to the other side; thus by the action of the vibrating regulating
mouth the dust or filings, or other granulated metal is agitated and distributed
so as to fall over the surface of the magnets, where it falls from series to series
be
untill thoroughly clean, falling into a hopper below, from whence it may
allowed to descend through a proper mouth to a bag for removing it. These
constitute the main features of my Invention, and by having the wheel of
sufficient diameter, I am not only enabled to make it revolve without assist-
ance, but to work the cleaning brushes, vibrate the feed, and put in motion
the magnets, thus converting the weight of the dust to be operated on into
the motive power by which the various actions are maintained. Not that I
propose confining myself to this power for giving effect to my Invention, as
other convenient means may be used, and again by elevating the trough imme-
diately below the wheel so as to cause the magnets to dip and agitate the dust
it contains, and by turning the wheel slowly around, the process of cleaning
or separating the iron or steel from the brass or other dust may be rapidly
effected, the particles of steel and iron so attracted being swept off as
convenient.

page_text: :
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Thomas Bissell Allday in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th July 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
THOMAS BISSELL ALLDAY, of Reḍnall, in the County of Worcester, Farmer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing. date the Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Thomas Bissell Allday, Her special license that I, the said William
Thomas Bissell Allday, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Thomas Bissell Allday, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVED. APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING FILINGS OR
OTHER SMALL BITS OR PARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL FROM OTHER METALLIC FILINGS,
SCRAPINGS, CHIPPINGS, OR OTHER SHALL PARTICLES OR DUST," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Thomas Bissell Allday, by an
instrument in writing under my band and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the samo to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Oflice within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Thomas Bissell Allday, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the sam is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) ::
In giving cflect to my Invention, I take the mixed metallic dust, filings,
chippings, or other small particles in mass, and screen it over an inclined
riddle or sieve, which will allow the grosser parts or chippings to roll off into
one receiver, while the smaller particles will fall through the sievo to a receiver
below, from whence by a regulated and vibrating mouth it is allowed to
descend on the periphery of a wheel or cylinder fitted with a suitable number
magnets placed in a radial direction; these magnets may be single or com-
pound, and placed a convenient distance apart, and by their magnetic influenco
of

page_text: the particles of iron or steel will be atfracted to their surfaces, and by
their preponderating weight will cause the wheel to revolve, in doing
which the other particles or dust will fall from magnet to magnet, and
distribute itself as it were over their surfaces and the intermediate surface of
the wheel or cylinder untill the brass or other metallic dust falls into a receiver
below, while the particles of iron or steel, with which brass and other metallic
dust is usually mixed, will be carried around (by their adhesion to the magnets)
by the revolving action of the cylinder, as above described, where a brush may
be used or other convenient means for removing such particles, which like the
brass or other metallic dust I purpose falling into a receiver. This operation
may be repeated as frequent as may be necessary to thoroughly separate the
dust from all particles of iron or steel, but in operating on large quantities I
further purpose to apply a vibrating regulating mouth-piece at the bottom of
the reservoir for holding the brass or other metallic dust so operated on, from
whence it descends on a regulated inclined plane, to be intercepted in its
descent by a suitable series of reciprocating magnets, which magnets in their
reciprocating or traversing action are brushed from the time they pass from
the descending channel through which the brass or other metallic dust falls to
the time they return to pass through the channel to the other side, thus, by
the action of the vibrating regulating mouth the dust or filings or other granu-
lated metal is agitated and disturbed so as to fall over the surface of the
magnets where it falls from series to series untill thoroughly clean, falling into
a hopper or other appropriate receptacle for removal. These constitute the
main features of my Invention, and by having the wheel of sufficient diameter
I am not only enabled to make it revolve without assistance, but to work the
cleaning brushes, vibrate the feed, and put in motion the reciprocating inclined
plane with its series of magnets, thus converting the weight of the dust to be
operated on into the motive power by which the various actions are maintained;
not that I purpose confining myself to this power for giving effect to my
Invention, as other convenient means may be used; and again, by elevating
the trough immediately below the wheel so as to cause the magnets to dip
and agitate the dust that it contains by turning the wheel slowly around, the
process of cleaning or separating the iron or steel from the brass or other dust
may be rapidly effected, the particles of steel and iron so attracted being
swept off as convenient. In carrying out my Invention various plans may be
adopted without materially effecting or altering the result, as, for instance, the
position or arrangement of the magnets with their poles radiating around the
periphery or surface of the wheel or cylinder may be placed with their flat
sides parallel to the axis of the wheel, and so arranged that each succeeding

page_text: row shall be placed between the openings or the space between the magnets
immediately above them, or the magnets may be placed with the flat side at
right angles to the axis of the wheel, and distributed as before stated, or bound
together in rows, making them compound magnets, and so applying them to
or building up a great part of the surface of the wheel or cylinder with them
and over the receiver into which the brass or other dust has fallen from the
cylinder; test magnets may be applied in such a way that the dust may
fall on them, and should there be any particles of steel or iron left amongst it,
such steel or iron particles will be attracted to the magnets, and thereby
indicating the bulk of the dust will require to be passed again over the cylinder
in like manner as described, or to pass from the receiver through a distributing
regulated mouth on to the traversing reciprocating inclined plane; and
the manner of arranging the magnets so that their poles shall stand slightly
above or help to make up part of its surface may be varied as before described
in applying the magnets to the cylinder, as they may be placed in edgeway,
flat, or diagonally across the plane, or in compound rows or series.
But as my Invention will be more fully comprehended and understood by
referring to the Drawings hereunto annexed, I will proceed to describo.
the same, reference being made to the various figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
-;
Fig. 1 is an end view of the wheel, stand, &c., and a front view of the
inclined plane in connection with it; Fig. 2 is a part longitudinal sectional
detached view of the wheel, and Fig. 3 a transverse sectional view of the same;.
and Fig. 4 is a side view of Figure One, and end sectional view of the
inclined plane; and for the purpose of economising space I have omitted to show.
the inclined riddle or sieve herein-before mentioned for separating the grosser.
parts of the metal filings, chippings, or dust from the bulk which would fall,
through the meshes of the sieve into the hopper A, which is supported on
gudgeons projecting from the ends and resting as here shown at the top of the
curved rails or supports B, B, and which rails have projecting pins at their
bottom ends which fit in corresponding sockets in
the end supports
marked C, C, C, C, which parts are screwed and held together by
the rails a, a, a, a; between these end supports or standards the wheel
or cylinder D works on screwed centres, as here shown at b, b, or
otherwise as may be desired; on the ends of the wheel or cylinder
ratchets are applied marked E, E, on which the palls F rest, with two
vertical rods marked d, and which rods are connected at the top to an
horizontal wire or thin metal comb, as here shown partly in dotted lines,
and broken away to avoid confusion, marked g, g, the points of which just

page_text: enter the mouth of the hopper A, hereafter to be referred to. G is a receiver
for holding the dust that has been separated from the iron or steel particles,
which, as will hereafter be seen, will be carried around by their adhesion to
the magnets, and be brushed off or otherwise removed from the wheel and fall
on the part of a shield marked c, partly shown in dotted lines, and thence to
the receiver I; the means for removing the particles of steel or iron as here
shown consist of a stout horizontal piece of wood marked e, Figures One and
Two, supporting on the ends of the trough II, to which it is secured at each
end with hinge joints as at f, Figure One; to this piece of wood the bristles
are applied, pointing in the direction so as to best press on the periphery of
the wheel for brushing off or removing the particles of iron or steel.
And as
I prefer that the brush should be pressed upward with an elastic pressure, a
helical spring may be applied (with the means of regulation) in the ends of
the receiver IT, underneath the end of the brush stock e, as exhibited at
Figure One, the force of the spring exerting itself in the direction for elevating
the brush; not that I purpose confining myself to these means for cleaning the
cylinder, as I have found the use of a longitudinal brush supported on centres
at the ends and deriving its motion from a pulley fastened to the axis of the
wheel or cylinder D, and by means of a gut or band passing over it and a
small pulley fastened to the corresponding end or axis of the brush, the brush
will be made to revolve as the wheel turns round, the velocity of the brush
being regulated according to the relative size of the pulleys; this brush I pur-
pose to construct with rows of radiating soft bristles, and between each row of
bristles I fix a strip of soft iron of the length of the cross way of the wheel or
cylinder, and sufficiently near the cylinder as to come within the influence of
the magnets upon its periphery bereafter to be referred to; and I also purpose
the revolving brush to turn in the same direction as the cylinder, and brushing
off the particles of steel and iron by means of its more rapid revolving motion;
and by placing this revolving brush as near as convenient on the under side of
the wheel or cylinder so that its axis and the axis of the wheel or cylinder
should be perpendicular one above the other, the particles of iron or steel by
this position of the brush will be more readily brushed off to fall in the
receiver II, bere exhibited. The use of the soft strips of iron before named
are for the purpose of exerting the attractive influence of the magnets as they
pass over their poles in their revolving action, thus exciting or aiding the revo-
Jution of the main wheel or cylinder. Instead of using the strips of iron, the
bristles composing the brush may be intermixed with fine iron wire, which will
have the same effect of attracting the magnets and inducing the main wheel or
cylinder to revolve, as before described. Figures Two and Three represents the
די

page_text: manner in which I prefer constructing my wheel or cylinder. h, h, is a square
rod of iron forming the centre or axis of the cylinder, and i, i, stout circular
pieces of wood forming the ends, and which ends are turned on the inside, so
as to form a ledge for the inner wood cylinder j,j, to be secured around to the
ends; this inner wood cylinder is grooved from end to end with as many
grooves as I purpose using rows of magnets, and which magnets are held as
exhibited in a radial edge view from the grooves before named in Figure Three;
and on the periphery of the cylinder strips of wood are applied, cut out as to
allow the poles of the magnet to come through; these outer pieces of wood or
other suitable material are marked h, k, &c., and by varying the thickness of
these outer strips so the magnets will project more or less radially from tho
wooden surface of the cylinder. 1, 1, 1, 1, are flanges formed by the ends, being
that much larger in circumference than the diameter of the wheel or cylinder,
but which flange is represented removed from the front end of Figure One, for
the purpose of exhibiting the shield c and c', the latter for preventing
the particles of brass, copper, or other dust passing back so as to fall in the
receiver H, and the former to prevent the particles of iron or steel as removed
by the brush falling into the receiver G; and on the extreme ends of the
cylinder the ratchets before referred to aro applied, marked E, E, the wholo
being held together by the screws or nuts n, n. And in arranging the magnets
as here exhibited I so place them as to let the poles of each succeeding row
come between the openings in the preceeding row, as shown in the top part
of the wheel D, Figure Four; but if preferred, a series of compound magnets
may be applied in like order, as partly exhibited in the lower part of the wheel
in the same Figure, the magnets being placed in an opposite position to the
magnets exhibited at Figures Two and Three.
And with this detailed description, I will now describe the apparatus as in
work, taking care first to lubricate the points of the screws b, b; as at Figuro
Four. And I will suppose for illustration, that the hopper A is filled with
mixed metallic dust or filings to be cleaned or separated from all particles of
iron or steel; I open the month-piece I of the hopper A by unscrewing the
thumb-screw .m, which allows the dust within to gradually fall through down
on the front part of the periphery of the wheel or cylinder D, when the
magnets will become charged with the particles of iron or steel with which it
had been mixed, thereby giving a preponderance of weight on that side of tho
wheel, which will cause the wheel to revolve, if made of sufficient diameter,
and as the wheel revolves in the direction of the arrows, the palls will be
lifted up, thereby agitating the dust in the mouth of the hopper by means of
the comb g, causing it to escape or fall from the hopper in a steady uniform

page_text: quantity, according to the freedom given to the mouth; and as the cylinder is
now supposed to be revolving the dust that falls will be brought over the
influence of fresh or clean magnets; for as the iron or steel particles adhere to
them and the cylinder revolving, these particles will be brushed off as they
come in contact with the brush J, to fall down on the shield c, and into the
receiver II, as before described, while the other dust or metallic particles now
freed from iron or steel will fall into the receiver G; and as a test I purpose
in some instances of laying upon this receiver in a slanting direction a single
or double series of powerful magnets, that should any particles of iron or steel
escape the attractive influence of the magnets of the cylinder, such particles
will be attracted by the test magnets here described, and in that case I prefer
removing the dust so treated from the reservoir G back again to the hopper A,
and so repeat the operation, or if preferred the end standards may be of
sufficient height so as to carry two or more magnetic wheels, the lower wheel
or wheels being increased in diameter, as they will not be liable to be charged
when in work with so much iron or steel dust or particles as the top one would
be, and in that case the lower cylinder or cylinders would loose power, but
which will be compensated for by their increased size, but should the wheel or
wheels not freely revolve by the preponderating weight of the falling dust and
the attraction of the magnets herein-before described auxiliary power may be
resorted to, as by a common handle turned by a boy, or by a pulley and band
turned by any other agency; or instead of using additional magnetic wheels
or cylinders, should the dust not be found sufficiently clean, the bottom of
the hopper G may be inclined, as exhibited by the dotted lines o, o, Figure
Four, so that as the dust falls from the wheel it may pass down the inclined
bottom and through a regulated mouth or spout marked p, p, on to the
inclined plane 9, 9, which plane may be fitted with rows or series of magnets
placed in a diagonal direction, as exhibited at Figure One, or as exhibited in
the sectional view of the plane, Figure Four; this plane is supported on a
frame, and may be mado capable of being raised or lowered to any desired
angle of inclination, and supported on four wheels marked K, K, working on
V-shaped rails, as at 8, 8, three of the wheels being shown in dotted lines in
Figure One, the two top ones behind the inclined plane, and the lower ones
behind the lower trough L, and which trough is represented partly in section
and broken away for convenience of space, at Figure Four, marked with the
same letters. On each side of the inclined plane channels are formed, marked
t, t, t', t', and on the outside of the spout of the trough G, marked p, p, eyes
are fastened for receiving the axes of two brushes or cleaners, marked u, u, u', u',
the centres at the lower ends of which rest in suitable supports placed on the

page_text: inside of the ends of the trough L, the brushes or cleaners forming a kind of
channel for the dust to pass down from the spout p, p, to the trough L; and
the manner I purpose working this traversing inclined plane is by applying a
pinion to the axis 6, which in this case must be an extension of the axis of the
wheel D, and on the centre or lower stretcher a I apply a cog wheel to work
in gear with the pinion before named, which wheel is indicated by the dotted
circle v, v, and on which wheel I secure a crank pin, to be connected by a rod
to the pendulous arm M, M, and which connecting rod is indicated by dotted
lines extending from the dead point or star, marked w to x, on the pendulous
arm. The lower end of this arm is connected to the rod N, which is secured
to the under side of the inclined plane, and as the wheel D is being put in
motion by any suitable auxiliary power, as before stated, the inclined plane
will be made to reciprocate, the motion of which being governed or regulated
by the relative proportions of the pinion before named and the imaginery
wheel v, v; and on the axis of the said wheel I apply an eccentric or cam, in
connection with which I fix a rod, as indicated by the line y, y, fixed upon a
centre, as at Figure Three, and as the wheel v revolves so also will this rod
vibrate, in doing which it will carry from left to right the horizontal rod a', a',
which has inclined planes fastened on it, which, passing under the stock of the
brush or cleaner u', has elevated it, as here shown, and at the same time
allowed the brush u to drop in position for work. And we will suppose that the
left-hand side of the inclined plane has traversed under the spout p, p, and the
dust descending from the trough G, the brass or other metallic dust not subject
to be attracted by the magnets has fallen into the trough L, and the particles
of iron or steel are adhering to the poles of the magnets on that side; and we
will suppose that by the continuous action of the wheel v, v, as in manner
before stated, the inclined plane will now commence traversing from left to
right, and for which purpose the brush or cleaner u¹ has been elevated, in
order that the particles of iron or steel adhering to the magnets in that part of
the plane now below the spout p, p, shall not be knocked off or removed untill
the whole of this part of the plane should have been taken to the right-hand
side;
and during its progress it will be readily seen from the position of the
brush or cleaner u, all the particles of steel or iron adhering to the magnets
on the left-hand side of the plane will be brushed off, falling into the trough t,
at which time the full extent of the traversing action of the plane towards the
right will have been accomplished, and the imaginary cam on the axis a will
now reverse the action of the horizontal rod a', by means of the arm y, thereby
elevating the cleaner u, u, and dropping the brush or cleaner u, u¹, to repeat
again the like operation; thus, the clean dust will continue to fall by the

page_text: reciprocating action of the inclined plane, and the particles of steel or iron
extracted from it by. the influence of the magnets will be brushed off
alternately into the channels t, t, and t', t', to fall on the ground or otherwise,
as may be desired.
Having now given a general description of my Invention, and the way in
which the
same may be carried into effect, I wish it understood that I do not
purpose confining myself to the exact details herein described, and partly
exhibited, or to the manner of setting up the apparatus, as the whole may be
greatly diversified, according to position and convenience of premises, without
departing from the spirit of my Invention; as, for instance, the machine or
apparatus, as it stands above the ground or floor line P, P, may be used in a
general way with much efficiency without the lower portion, but which lower
portion may be added, if convenient or circumstances may require it; but
what I claim and wish to protect by these my in part recited Letters Patent
is, the general arrangement, as herein partly exhibited, the same to be used
jointly or separately, for the cleaning or separating filings or other small bits
or particles of iron or steel from other metallic dust, and with which it is
generally incorporated, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Thomas Bissell Allday, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
WILLIAM THOMAS BISSELL ALLDAY. (L.S.)
Witness,
ISAAC B. SAVAGE,
Clerk to James S. Cockings,
Patent Agent,
Birmingham.