IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS OR MACHINERY FOR EXPRESSING JUICE FROM THE CANE AND OTHER LIKE VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Walker, of the City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS OR
MACHINERY FOR EXPRESSING JUICE FROM THE CANE AND OTHER LIKE
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 14th December 1860, and dated the 19th June 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Walker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th June.
1860.
I, JOHN WALKER, of the City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MILLS OR MACHINERY FOR EXPRESSING JUICE FROM THE CANE AND OTHER. LIKE
VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging rolls in such manner
that on cane being fed to them from a feeding table hereafter described they.
first split the cane and cause the inside thereof to be turned downwards before
passing between the pressing rolls, whereby the juice is extracted without
being made to pass through the bark or rind of the cane. I groove one of
the bottom rolls and leave a ridge or projection more or less angular between
every two grooves, and upon a feed table I fix a rack containing as many
compartments for the reception of canes as there are projections on the roll,
and I arrange the compartments in such manner that the centre of each cane
shall be delivered directly over the ridge to which the feed compartment
corresponds. On the machinery being set in motion and the canes being fed

page_text: in as before explained over the ridged and under a plain roll, the ridges split
the canes, and the rotary motion of the rolls passes them on inside downwards,
and bark or rind upwards between the same upper and a plain under roll,
whereupon the juice is expressed and is received in a trough placed for the
purpose..
Another improvement consists in casting the beds in the side frames for
the two under rolls at right angles to the thrust or pressure at the time the
cane is passing through the mill, and in surrounding the three bearings
with an adjustable wrought-iron strap on each side of the mill.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Walker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th
December 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
WALKER, of the City Road, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Walker, Her special licence that I, the said John Walker, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Walker, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS OR
MACHINERY FOR EXPRESSING JUICE FROM THE CANE AND OTHER LIKE VEGETABLE
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Walker, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Walker, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say :-
My Invention consists in constructing and arranging rolls in such
5 manner that on cane being fed to them from a feeding table, hereafter
described, they first split the cane and cause the inside thereof to be turned
downwards before passing between the pressing rolls, whereby the juice is
extracted without being made to pass through the bark or rind of the cane.
I groove one of the bottom rolls, and leave a ridge or projection, more or less
angular, between every two grooves, and upon a feed table I fix a rack
containing as many compartments for the reception of canes as there are
projections on the roll, and I arrange the compartments in such manner that
the centre of each cane shall be delivered directly over the ridge to which the
feed compartnient corresponds. On the machinery being set in motion and
the canes being fed in as before explained over the ridged and under a plain
roll the ridges split the canes and the rotary motion of the rolls passes them
on inside downwards and bark or rind upwards between the same upper and
a plain under roll, whereupon the juice is expressed and is received in a trough
placed for the purpose.
Another improvement consists in casting the beds in the side frames
for the two under rolls at right angles to the thrust or pressure at the time the
cane is passing through the mill, and in surrounding the three bearings with
an adjustable wrought-iron strap on each side of the mill.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is an end elevation with the
toothed wheels removed; Figure 2, a front elevation; and Figure 3, a plan of
a machine for expressing juice from cane or other vegetable substances
constructed according to the foregoing description.
a is a grooved roll mounted upon a shaft b supported in bearings connected
to the wrought-iron straps c, c; d is a toothed wheel mounted on one end of
the shaft b, in gear with a similar wheel e mounted on a shaft f, carrying a
plain squeeze roll g. There is another toothed wheel like those marked d and e,
mounted on a shaft i and in gear with the wheel e. k is another plain squeeze
roll similar to the one marked g; the shaft f carries a cogged-wheel lin, gear with.
a pinion (not shown) which is mounted on a shaft receiving motion from horse
gear or other prime mover. The wrought-iron straps c, c, support bearings
through which the shafts carrying the rolls pass, and the position of these
shafts and consequently that of the rolls is adjusted by means of wedges and
screws m, one of which is shewn detached at Figure 4. The straps are drawn
tight by means of keys n passing through the bottom part of the said straps.

page_text: o is a "returner" for guiding the canes through the squeeze rolls; p is the
feed board; it is fitted with a rack or guides q, q, corresponding in number
with the grooves in the grooved roll a.
Figure 5 is an edge view of this feed board with the guides q, q; r is the
delivery board. As soon as the canes reach the returner o, after having
been fed as before explained, they are guided upwards between the rolls d
and e, and escape from the mill by the delivery board r, while the juice falls
into a receptacle or trough below.
By reference to the Drawings it will be seen that the beds in the side
frames for the two under rolls are cast at right angles to the thrust or pressure
at the time the cane is passing through the mill.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself to
the precise arrangement of the rolls or the other working parts of the machine,
as the same may be varied without departing from my Invention, but what I
claim as my improvements in mills or machinery for expressing juice from the
cane and other like vegetable substances is,-
First, the employment of a grooved roll for splitting canes in such manner
that the cane is first split with the inside turned downwards before passing
between the pressing rolls, whereby the juice is extracted without passing
through the rind or bark, as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
Second, the employment of a feed table carrying a rack or guides containing
as many compartments as there are grooves in the roll, as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Third, the employment of a wrought-iron strap on each side of the mill for
supporting, surrounding, and adjusting the bearings of the rolls, as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth, casting the beds in the side frames for the two under rolls at right
angles to the thrust or pressure at the time the cane is passing through the
mill, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Walker, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty
JOHN WALKER. (L.S.)