Improvements in Hooks and Eyes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Sept., 1899-Accepted, 25th Nov.,
1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hooks and Eyes.
I, EDWIN WRIGHT GROESCHEL, of 102-104, Cambridge Avenue, Jersey City,
County of Hudson and State of New Jersey, U.S.A., Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to hooks and eyes, and it has reference particularly to
that class of devices of this nature wherein the hook portion or member is
provided with a bend-commonly known as a "hump"-that is adapted to co-act
with the bill of the hook to prevent unintentional separation of the hook and
eve.
"
It has heretofore been proposed by me to form the hook member of the
device with a shank (i.e., that portion thereof which connects the parts com-
monly known as the "bill" and eyelets") consisting of two spaced parts and
to provide a tongue, wherein the bend or hump above referred to shall be
formed, which shall extend from the eyelet end of the hook and terminate
between said shank parts, the bill being foreshortened and the deflection in.
the tongue, whereby the hump is produced, being gradual and disposed in a
horizontal plane with the tip of said bill.
Now one of the special objects of my present invention is to provide a hook
for a hook and eye in which the free end of the above mentioned tongue will
be sheathed; a further special object is to so form the hook that it will be
provided with means whereby it may be adquately and securely fixed in place
to the garment or other article to which it is attached.
The invention therefore consists in an improved form of hook, and also in
an improved form of eye, for a hook and eye.
The invention is fully illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein
corresponding letters of reference indicate like parts, and wherein.
Fig. 1, is a top plan view of one form of my invention;
Fig. 2, is a view in side elevation of another form of the invention:
Fig. 3, is a view in side elevation of the device shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4, is a view in side elevation of the device shown in Fig. 2, but illus-
trating a slight modification thereof;
Fig. 5, is a side view of the device, presenting a slight modification of what
is shown in Fig. 1 and 3;
Fig. 6, is a view in side elevation presenting a still further modification of
the hook shown in Fig. 2;
Figs. and 8, are views in side elevation of the device, showing the tongue
sheathed in a manner somewhat different from that illustrated in any of the
other figures. In Figs. 2 to 8 inclusive, a portion of the hook is shown as
broken away to clearly illustrate the manner of sheathing the extremity of its
tongue, and in each of these figures a different form of eye is shown from what is
shown in Fig. 1;
!
Fig. 9, is a plan view of a duplex form of the hook member of my device.

page_text: The hook member of the device consists of a single piece of wire so bent
as to form the shank a, the bill b, and the eyelets c, c², the same being the
essential parts of a device of this nature; the shank members a¹, a³, are spaced
and in the body portion of the hook they extend substantially parallel, while
adjacent the bill, as at 6', they are bent sharply outwards approximately as
far as the eyelets extend, thus providing additional points for securing the
device in place to the fabric.
The bill is made comparatively short and projects from the plane of the
shank and its eyelets at about an angle of forty-five degrees. One of the
eyelets cis formed at one extreme end of the wire, whereas the other, &, is
situated some distance from the other end of the wire, the free end portion of
the wire thus provided for being extended toward the point of the bill at an
incline to the shank to form a tongue d. Said tongue nearly contacts with
the point of the bill and then is deflected downwardly, the bend being a
gradual one. In Figs. 1, 3, 5 and 7 the extremity of the tongue projects per-
pendicularly with reference to the plane of the shank, while in the remaining
figures it extends at an incline thereto and away from the eyelet end of the
device.
Now in any of the preferred forms of my invention, i.e., those illustrated
in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, I propose to rebend the extremity of the tongue and
extend it far enough rearwardly so that it will approximately be in contact with
the body portion of the tongue at some point thereof. As shown in Figs. 2, 3
and 4, the re-bent portion e of the tongue extends rearwardly in the plane of
the shank of the hook, in Fig. 4, projecting far enough till it reaches or prac-
tically contacts with, the inclined portion of the tongue, and in Figs. 2 and 3,
being again bent near its tip, which latter projects upwardly and thus contacts
with the body portion of the tongue. In Figs. 5 and 6 the re-bent portion f
of the tongue, instead of extending rearwardly in the plane of the shank of
the hook, is deflected upwardly at an incline, here, also, extending far enough
so that its tip contacts with the inclined portion of the tongue. It should be
remarked that the extremity of the rebent portion of the tongue is also pro-
tected in the device shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 because it lies between the
spaced members of the shank.
:
It will be seen that in the device shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, it will
be absolutely impossible for the loop g of the eye member h of the device to
be moved out of the space i, formed by the bill and the tongue and in which it
is intended to rest, except by the outlet afforded between the tip of the bill and
the adjacent bend in the tongue; in those forms of the invention shown in
Figs. 5 and 6, though it might be in some degree possible for the loop of the
eye to be slipped past the bend at j, it may be readily dislodged and brought
again into the space by the next slightest pull of the eye against the inclined
re bent extremity f.
i
I
In Figs. 7 and 8 the extremity k, of the tongue, instead of being re-bent,
is bent toward the bill end of the hook to such an extent that it will be impos-
sible for the loop of the eye member to be slipped around this point; in order
to so sheath the point as to prevent its being caught in the fabric of the
garment to which the device is attached, said point may be extended around
and up into the loop m of the bill.
The eye member of the device may be of any well known and suitable
construction; however, in Fig. 1, I show a special form of eye which may be
secured in position to the garment at several points. It consists of a single
piece of wire comprising essentially a loop n and eyelets 0,0¹.
The loop is transversely elongated and the two ends of the wire composing
the device extend from the. loop, which is practically closed at all points,
divergently and then toward each other, or inwardly, thus forming the
eyelets o, o¹, and also producing opposing, unbroken incurvations 1, for the
reception of securing threads employed auxiliarily to the usual securing threads

page_text: which the eyelets receive. The loop and the eyelets are close together and thus
make the recesses which the incurvations produce both narrow and deep.
The device shown in Fig. 9 constitutes a duplex hook, i.e., a hook wherein
there are two bills and two tongues provided, the entire device in every par-
ticular, with the exception, of course, that it is broader, being exactly like
the hook shown in Fig. 1. The end of the tongue may of course be protected
in any of the ways which I show in Figs. 2 to 8 inclusive. This form of hook
is well adapted for use where it is desirable that the eye should have contact
with the hook at two points, so as to obviate any undue pivotal lateral move-
ment of the hook and eye relatively to each other. Therefore, if desired, one
of the two bills shown may be dispensed with and a single bill, somewhat
widened, of course, employed instead.
In connecting the hook and eye, the wire of the loop of the eye is simply
pressed against the hook in the exterior recess between the tip of the bill and
the bend in the tongue, whereupon it will readily enter the space i. In discon-
necting the hook and eye, though this may be effected by simply reversing
the connecting operation, it is greatly facilitated and most readily accomplished
by twisting the eye member so that its loop takes leverage on the projecting
portion b
:
The members of my device are formed so as not only to be most readily
assembled (without passing the loop of the eye undesirably beyond the con-
tiguous end of the hook,) and as readily separated, or disconnected when
occasion requires, but also to be proof when assembled against accidental
separation and to have only the minimum of movement relatively to cach
other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1: A hook for a hook and eye consisting of the eyelets, bill and shank,
and a tongue projecting toward said bill from the eyelet end of the hook and
being deflected near its free end downwardly and having its tip or extremity
protected by some portion of said hook, the deflection in said tongue being
gradual and the tip of the bill terminating short of said deflection and
approximately in a horizontal plane therewith, substantially as described.
2: A hook for a hook and eye consisting of the eyelets, bill and shank, and
a tongue projecting toward said bill from the eyelet end of the hook and being
deflected near its free end downwardly and thence rearwardly and having its
tip protected by some portion of said hook, the first deflection in said tongue
being gradual and the tip of the bill terminating short of said first deflection
and approximately in a horizontal plane, therewith, substantially as described.
3: A hook for a hook and eye consisting of the eyelets, bill and shank,
and a tongue projecting toward said bill from the eyelet end of the hook and
being deflected near its free end downwardly and thence rearwardly and having
its tip in contact or approximate contact, with the body portion of said tongue,
the first deflection in said tongue being gradual and the tip of the bill ter-
minating short of said first deflection and approximately in a horizontal plane
therewith, substantially as described.
4: A hook for a hook and eye consisting of the eyelets, bill and shank, the
latter comprising two spaced members, and a tongue projecting toward said bill
from the eyelet end of the hook and being deflected near its free end downwardly
and thence forwardly and terminating between the shank members, the first
deflection in said tongue being gradual and the tip of the bill terminating
short of said first deflection and in a horizontal plane therewith, substantially
as described.
5: A hook for a hook and eye consisting of the eyelets, bill and shank, the
latter comprising two spaced members, and a tongue projecting toward said bill

page_text: from the eyelet end of the hook and being deflected near its free end downwardly
and thence forwardly and terminating between the shank members, the first
deflection in said tongue being gradual, the tip of the bill terminating short
of said first deflection in a horizontal plane therewith, and each shank member
being deflected sharply outwardly near the bill, substantially as described.
6: A hook for a hook and eye consisting of a single piece of bent wire
shaped to form two bills, two parallel shank members extending rearwardly
therefrom, two eyelets, and two tongues projecting toward said bill from the
eyelets and being deflected downwardly near their free ends, the deflections in
said tongues being gradual and the tips of the bills terminating short of said
deflections, substantially as described.
7: An eye for a hook and eye consisting of a single piece of wire shaped
to form a closed and appreciably transversely elongated loop and cyclets
adjacent said loops and produced by the extremities of the wire, said extremi-
ties being bent first divergently from the loop and thence toward each other
and having their tips contacting with the body of the wire, thus forming
unbroken incurvations between the eyelets and the loop for the reception of
auxiliary securing threads, substantially as described.
Dated this 22nd day of September 1899.
J. P. BAYLY,
18, Fulham Place, London, W., Agent for the Applicant.