IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND PATTERNS FOR MOULDING TOOTHED WHEELS AND OTHER CIRCULAR ARTICLES OF METAL
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Billington, of Blackburn, in the County
of Lancaster, Foreman Pattern Maker, and Charles Darbyshire, of
the same Place, Moulder, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY AND PATTERNS FOR MOULDING TOOTHED WHEELS AND OTHER
CIRCULAR ARTICLES OF METAL."
Sealed the 21st September 1875, and dated the 31st July 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Billington and
Charles Darbyshire at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 31st July 1875.
WC, THOMAS BILLINGTON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Foreman Pattern Maker, and CHARLES DARBYSHIRE, of the same Place,
Moulder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND PATTERNS FOR MOULDING TOOTHED WHEELS
AND OTHER CIRCULAR ARTICLES OF METAL," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machines and patterns used for forming the
moulds on which toothed wheels or other circular articles are to be cast
or moulded.

page_text: One class of machine for the purpose referred to is constructed with a
circular horizontal table revolving upon a vertical axis, to which motion
is given by means of a scrow and worm wheel Upon this revolving
table is placed and secured the moulding box, and the two are moved
round together at regular intervals corresponding with the number of
teeth required in the wheel to be moulded.
In such machines as ordinarily constructed the movement of the
table through the required distance is effected and the distance is
determined by means of a train of geared change wheels acting in
connection with the screw and worm wheel above referred to. Now one
object of our Invention is to dispense with the use of geared wheels for
this purpose, as owing to the "play" between the teeth they cannot be
relied upon to hold the moulding box in the exact position required
relatively to the pattern This we effect by adapting to the moulding
table a perforated rim or ring of metal, hereın-after referred to as the
dividing ring," which we affix to and place above the periphery of the
revolving table, and arranged-to operate in conjunction with a locking
device, as hercin-after described The ring or rim is made to answer
the same purpose as the dividing plate on a wheel cutting machine, and
to this end it is perforated with a series of sets of holes in parallel lines
around its periphery.
The table is held firmly in the required position by means of a screw
pin or other locking device suitably mounted, the end of which engages
with the holes in the " dividing ring," and after cach tooth of the wheel
has been moulded the screw or pin may be withdrawn until the next
hole in the "dividing ring" is brought opposite to it by the turning of
the table by means of the screw and worm wheel to be again held in
position during the operation of moulding the next tooth.
By the above described improved arrangement the revolving table
itself is fastened duectly and securely in position at a point outside its
largest diameter, thus giving to it a maximum of steadiness which
cannot be attamed by any arrangement of geared wheels hitherto
known to us.
Another part of our Invention consists in improved arrangements for
"strickling" or smoothing the sand in a moulding machine preparatory
to moulding the teeth, and also for forming the tops and bottoms of
moulds for such like circular articles. The "strickle" is usually

page_text: composed of wood, and by the ordinary plan a separate "strickle" or
template has to be cut out for each bevel and angle of wheel teeth or
face to be moulded, but in our plan we employ a series of two, three, or
more metal plates fixed together by screw bolts, and adjustable by means
of slots, and so arranged as to be capable of being set to any required
bevel or angle of wheel These plates arc affixed to a horizontal slide or
arm extending from an upright pillar serving as an axis rising from the
centre of the revolving table. The shde or arm is provided lengthwise
with a screw for moving the strickling plates to any desired diameter.
By the addition of a suitable bed plate our improved strickling apparatus
may be used apart from the moulding machine, and may be imbedded in
the floor of the foundry when required for forming moulds for wheels or
other circular articles.
In conjunction with the strickling apparatus we employ a gauge or
pointer made of metal instead of wood, as ordinarily employed, and
capable of being adjusted by means of screws to any required diameter
of mould.
In our improved moulding machine the horizontal arm or slide, from
which depends the segmental pattern supported from an upright pillar
at one side of the machine, extends directly across the centre of the
revolving table, and the arm is hung to the pillar by a hinge provided
with a stop, so that it may be swung round to one side of the machine
to make room for the strickling apparatus whilst the latter is being used.
The lower end of the vertical slide, from which hangs the segmental
pattern, is provided with a horizontal hinge or joint, so that the position
of the pattern may be more readily adjusted.
Our Invention furthermore relates to making the segmental patterns
used in moulding machines of smoother surface and more durable than
heretofore, and this we effect by coating them with a composition or
varnish consisting of wood naptha, red lead, shellac, and painters' finish.
The use of this coating enables us to avail ourselves of materials from
which to make the patterns other than wood or metal as ordinarily used,
more especially certain kinds of cements, such as plaster of Paris,
Portland and Roman cement, &c., which may be formed into patteins
by the use of suitable moulds.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Billington and Charles Darbyshire in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
BILLINGTON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Foreman Pattern
Maker, and CHARLES DARBYSHIRE, of the same Place, Moulder, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of er reign, did, for Herself, Her leirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Billington and
Charles Darbyshire, Her special license, that we, the said Thomas
Billington and Charles Darbyshire, our executois, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Billington and Charles
Darbyshire, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term there expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an 1
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND PATTERNS FOR MOULDING
TOOTHED WHEELS AND OTHER CIRCULAR ARTICLES OF METAL," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Billington and
Charles Darbyshire, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their hands and scals, or under the hand and
scal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the dato
of the said Letters Patent
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Billington and Charles
Darbyshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and m
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, and the
Sheet of Drawings therein referred to (that is to say)
-
This Invention relates to machines and patterns used for forming the
3

page_text: moulds in which toothed wheels or other circular articles are to be cast
or moulded.
One class of machine for the purpose referred to is constructed with
a circular horizontal table revolving upon a vertical axis, to which
motion is given by means of a screw and worm wheel. Upon this
revolving table is placed and secured the moulding box, and the two are
moved round together at regular intervals corresponding with the
number of teeth required in the wheel to be moulded.
In such machines, as ordinarily constructed, the movement of the
table through the required distance is effected and the distance is deter-
mined by means of a train of geared change whicels acting in connection
with the screw and woim wheel above referred to. Now onc object of
our Invention is to dispense with the use of geared wheels for thus
purpose, as owing to the "play" between the teeth they cannot be
relied upon to hold the moulding box in the exact position required
relatively to the pattern This we effect by adapting to the moulding
table a perforated rim or ring of metal, herein-after reforred to as tho
dividing ring," which we aflix to and place above the periphery of the
revolving table, and arrange to operate in conjunction with a locking
device, as herein-after described. The ring or rim is made to answer
the same purpose as the dividing plate on a wheel cutting machine,
and to this end it is perforated with a series of sets of holes in parallel
lines around its periphery.
66
The table is held firmly in the required position by means of a screw,
pin, or other locking device suitably mounted, the end of which engages
with the holes in the “dividing ring,” and after each tooth of the wheel
has been moulded, the screw or pin may be withdrawn until the next
hole in the "dividing ring" is brought opposite to it by the turning of
the table by means of the screw and worm wheel, to be again held
in position during the operation of moulding the next tooth.
By the above described improved arrangement the revolving table
itself is fastened directly and securely in position at a point outside its
largest diameter, thus giving to it a maximum of steadiness which
cannot be attained by any arrangement of geared wheels hitherto known
to us.
Another part of our Invention consists in improved arrangements for

page_text: to moulding the teeth, and also for forming the tops and bottoms of
moulds for such like circular articles. The "strickle" is usually com-
posed of wood, and by the ordinary plan a separate "strickle" or
template has to be cut out for cach bevel and angle of wheel teeth or
face to be moulded, but in our plan we employ a series of two, three, or
more metal plates fixed together by screw bolts, and adjustable by
means of slots, and so arranged as to be capable of being set to any
required bevel or angle of wheel. These plates are affixed to a hori-
zontal slide or arm extending from an upright pillar serving as an axis
rising from the centre of the evolving table. The slide or arm is pro-
vided lengthwise with a screw for moving the strickling plates to any
desired diameter. By the addition of a suitable bed plate our improved
strickling apparatus may be used apart from the moulding machine, and
may be imbedded in the floor of the foundry when required for forming
moulds for wheels or other circular articles.
+
In conjunction with the strickling apparatus we employ a gauge or
pointer made of metal instead of wood, as ordinarily employed, and
capable of being adjusted by means of screws to any required diameter
of mould.
In our improved moulding machine the horizontal arm or slide from
which depends the segmental pattern supported from an upright pillar
at one side of the machine extends directly across the centre of the
revolving table, and the arm is hung to the pillar by a hinge provided
with a stop, so that it may be swung round to one side of the machine
to make room for the strickling apparatus whilst the latter is being
used. The lower end of the vertical slide from which hangs the
segmental pattern is provided with a horizontal hinge or joint, so that
the position of the pattern may be more readily adjusted.
Our Invention furthermore relates to making the segmental patterns
used in moulding machines of smoother surface and more durable than
heretofore, and this we effect by coating them with a composition or
varnish consisting of wood naptha, red lead, shellac, and painters' finish.
The use of this coating enables us to avail ourselves of materials from
which to make the patterns other than wood or metal as ordinarily used,
more especially certain kinds of cements, such as plaster of Paris,
Portland and Roman cement, &c, which may be formed into patterns
by the use of suitable moulds.

page_text: In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation
(partly in section) of a wheel moulding machine embodying that portion
of our improvements related to in the first part of our Invention, Fig 2
is a plan of the same shewing the arrangement of the horizontal arm
and stop in a position which obtains when the strickling apparatus is
employed, as referred to in the second part of our Invention.
Figs. 3 and 4 are views showing respectively our improved strickling
apparatus and the pointer or gauge used in conjunction therewith.
The same letters of reference are applied to like parts in all the
views.
In Figs 1 and 2 A. is the circular horizontal table revolving upon the
vertical axis B; C, the worm wheel actuated by the worm D upon thic
shaft a, E, the moulding box, F, the dividing ring; G represents a
locking device, of which is a pin tapered at the point entering the
holes or perforations in the dividing ring F, towards włuch it is forced
by the spiral spring d and withdrawn by the handle e. The position of
the locking apparatus relatively to each series of holes in the dividing
ring may be adjusted by means of the screw f and the nut g. His the
horizontal arm or slide, from which depends the segmental pattern I,
suitable arrangements being provided whereby the pattern may be
lowered no further than a given point, and being raised, a catch wheel
and pawl are provided for sustaining it whilst the table is being moved
round. J, the pillar supporting the arm II, the latter being hinged
at K, K, and provided with a stop L. R represents the sand in section
strickled or smoothed to suit the segmental pattern I and the lower side
of the wheel to be moulded.
In Fig. 3 h³, h², h³, are metal strickling plates arranged for preparing
the surface of the sand for moulding the teeth of a wheel, such as
indicated by the pattern or segment I in Figs 1 and 2. M is an upright
pillar tapered at the foot to suit the hole in the bed plate N, as also that
in the centre of the revolving table O, P, the horizontal arm or slide
provided with the screw Q (adjustable vertically by means of the set
screw m) for adjusting the radius of the strickling plates.
It will be evident that the forms of metal strickling plates may be so
varied as to provide almost any number of combinations suitable for
moulding wheels and other circular articles, those shewn in Fig. 3 will
however be sufficient to illustrate the nature of our improvements, which