IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES, SLEEVE LINKS, STUDS, AND OTHER LIKE DRESS FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joel Cadbury, of the Firm of Green, Cadbury, and
Richards, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES, SLEEVE LINKS, STUDS, AND OTHER
LIKE DRESS FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joel Cadbury at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January 1880.
JOEL CADBURY, of the Firm of Green, Cadbury, and Richards, of Birmingham, in
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES, SLEEVE
the County of Warwick, Manufacturers.
LINKS, STUDS, AND OTHER LIKE DRESS FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS."
My Invention has reference to such solitaires, sleeve links, studs, and other like
dress fastenings and ornaments as consists of two detachable or separable parts, the
front part consisting of a shell or hollow body carrying the spring fastening, and the
back part consisting of a disc baving at its middle a headed stem, the two parts of
the solitaire or other article being connected by pressing them together, and released
by pressure on a pusher at the edge of the front part.
My said Invention consists in constructing and arranging, in the manner herein
after described, the parts of the said solitaires and like articles.
I will describe my Invention as applied to a solitaire.
In constructing the front part of the solitaire, I place in the shell or body of the
said part a circular metallic disc, having on its outer side a guide tube which takes
into an axial hole in the bottom of the shell or body. Working on the inner side
of the said circular disc is a sliding bolt, the outer contracted end of which projects
through a slot in the edge of the shell or body, and constitutes a pusher for
releasing the fastening. The bolt is guided in its motion on the disc by ears or
projections on its underside taking into parallel slots in the said disc. The
inner end of the bolt is furnished with a shoulder, against which one arm of a V or
doubled spring carried by the disc bears the other arm of the said spring bearing
against the inner edge of the shell or body. By means of the said spring the sliding
bolt is pressed, when free to move into its forward or fastening position. Near
the inner end of the sliding bolt is a pear shaped opening, the narrow or
contracted end of the said opening, when the bolt is in its shot or forward position,
being brought immediately over the guide tube of the disc. The wide part of the

page_text: pear shaped opening is nearly circular, and when the bolt is pressed inwards to
unfasten the solitaire, the said wide part coincides with the guide tube and the
hole in the bottom of the body. The back part of the solitaire consists of a disc
having in the middle of its inner face a headed stem. Adjacent to the neck of the
said head is a cylindrical part or guide, which, when the front part of the solitaire
is engaged with the back part, accurately fits in the guide tube within the shell of
the front part.
The circular disc carrying the sliding bolt and its spring has at its edge and
opposite the pusher of the bolt, a projecting ear of the same shape as the pusher of
the bolt. This projecting ear passes through a slot in the edge of the shell or body,
and besides serving with the sliding bolt to secure the disc in the shell, gives to the
solitaire the appearance of having a double pusher.
In fastening the solitaire, the front part is passed onto the rounded head of the
stem of the back part and the two parts are pressed together. The sliding bolt
is thereby pushed back and the head of the stem made to enter the wide part
of the pear shaped opening in the said bolt. The bolt is then shot forward by
its spring and the contracted end of the opening in the bolt made to snap upon the
neck of the stem and thus fasten the two parts of the solitaire together. By pressing
inwards the pusher of the bolt, the narrow or contracted end of the opening in the
said bolt is removed from the neck of the stem, and the said stem released and the
two parts of the solitaire may be separated.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joel Cadbury in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th July
1880.
JOEL CADBURY, of the Firm of Green, Cadbury, and Richards, of Birmingham, in
the County of Warwick, Manufacturers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES, SLEEVE
LINKS, STUDS, AND OTHER LIKE DRESS FASTENINGS AND ORNAMENTS."
My Invention has reference to such solitaires, sleeve links, studs, and other like
dress fastenings and ornaments as consist of two detachable or separable parts, the
front part consisting of a shell or hollow body carrying the spring fastening, and
the back part consisting of a disc, having at its middle a headed stem, the two
parts of the solitaire or other article being connected by pressing them together and
released by pressure on pushers at the edge of the front part.
My said Invention consists in constructing and arranging, in the manner herein
after described, the parts of the said solitaires and like articles.
I will describe my Invention as applied to a solitaire.
In constructing the front part of the solitaire I place in the shell or body of the
said part a circular metallic disc, having on its outer side a guide tube which takes
into an axial hole in the bottom of the shell or body. Working on the inner side
of the said circular disc is a single sliding bolt or two sliding bolts. The outer
contracted end of each bolt, when two sliding bolts are used, projecting through a
slot in the edge of the shell or body and constituting a pusher for releasing the
fastening. The bolts are guided in their motion on the disc by ears or projections
on a cruciform plate fixed to the disc. The ends of the bolts are furnished with
shoulders against which the arms of V or doubled springs carried by the disc bear,
one arm of each spring bearing against one bolt and the other arm against the
other bolt. By means of the said springs the sliding bolts are pressed when free
to move into their forward or fastening position. Near the inner end of each of
the sliding bolts is a nearly semi-circular opening, which openings when the bolts
are pressed inwards to unfasten the solitaire coincide with the guide tube and the
hole in the bottom of the body. The back part of the solitaire consists of a disc,
having in the middle of its inner face a headed stem. Adjacent to the neck of the
Baid head is a cylindrical part or guide, which when the front part of the solitaire
is engaged with the back part accurately fits in the guide tube within the shell of
the front part.
In fastening the solitaire the front part is passed on to the rounded head of the
stem of the back part and the two parts are pressed together. The sliding bolts
are thereby pushed back, and the head of the stem made to enter between their
semi-circular ends. The bolts are then shot forward by their springs and the semi-
circular ends of the said bolts made to snap upon the neck of the stem, and thus
fasten the two parts of the solitaire together. By pressing inwards the pushers of
the bolts their semi-circular ends are removed from the neck of the stem and the
said stem is released, and the two parts of the solitaire may be separated.
When a single bolt is used its inner end is furnished with a pear shaped opening,
and the circular disc carrying the bolt has at its edge and opposite the pusher of
the bolt a projecting ear of the same shape as the pusher of the bolt, the said ear
giving to the solitaire the appearance of having a double pusher.
I will now proceed to describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the
manner in which my Invention may be performed.
Figure 1 represents in elevation and Figure 2 in vertical section a solitaire or
other like fastening, with a double bolt made according to my Invention, the two
parts being represented connected together; Figure 3 represents in elevation, and
Figure 4 in vertical section, the two parts of the solitaire separated from one
another; Figures 5 and 6 represent plans of the solitaire with the stone and

page_text: covering plate removed for the purpose of exhibiting the sliding bolts and their
springs, the bolts being shown in their normal positions in Figure 5 and in their
withdrawn positions in Figure 6; Figure 7 represents the circular disc detached,
and Figure 8 the covering plate and circular disc combined together; Figure 9
represents the sliding bolts detached, and Figure 10 the springs of the same.
The same letters indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the Drawing.
a is the shell of the front part of the solitaire, on the bottom of which is a circular
disc b (shown separately in Figure 7), on which the sliding bolts c, c, d, d², work.
On the outer side of the disc b is a guide tube b' which takes into an axial hole in
the shell or body a (see Figures 2 and 4). The disc 6 and shell a are connected
together by closing the edge of the guide tube 6 over the edge of the washer or
collar a² on the under face of the shell. The two bolts c, c, d, d³, are made to
cross one another in the manner best seen in Figures 5 and 6, and the opposed faces
of the inner ends c, d, of the said bolts are furnished with nearly semi-circular
notches or recesses which engage with the neck f of the stem of the back part g of
the solitaire. The sliding bolts are pressed together or into their fastening position
by the V or doubled springs h, i. These springs are respectively situated between
the inner end of one bolt and the outer end of the other bolt, one of the arms of
each spring pressing on one bolt, and the other arm on the other bolt, as represented
in the Drawing. The arms of the springs h, i, bear against the turned up edges k
on the bolts. The two bolts are thus pressed in opposite directions so as to cause
their inner notched ends to cross the axial opening in the shell a of the solitaire.
The outer extreme ends of the bolts are made into pushers c, d, which when the
bolts are in their normal positions project from the edge of the shell a, as seen in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The bolts are guided in their motion by ears 1, 1, on the
said bolts working in the parallel slots m, m, in the circular disc b. The springs
h, i, are carried by the studs p, p, on the said circular disc b. The sliding bolts are
covered and protected by the covering plate q, shown in Figure 8, in conjunction
with the disc b. The side parts q, q, of the covering plate q are raised out of the
plane of the central trough part r so as to leave the requisite spaces for the working
of the sliding bolts, as seen in the cross sections Figures 2 and 4. The covering
plate q is fixed in its place by ears or lips 8, 8, on the disc b, being turned over the
edge of the said covering plate q, the ears or lips 8, 8, lying in the trough part r of
the covering plate (see Figure 8).
The stem of the back part g of the solitaire has a cylindrical part or guide g
adjacent to the neck f. which part g2 when the front part of the solitaire is engaged
with the back part accurately fits in the guide tube b² within the shell a of the
front part.
To fasten the solitaire the front part a is passed onto the rounded head of the
stem of the back part g and the two parts of the solitaire are pressed together.
The sliding bolts c, c², d, d², are thereby pressed back (by the rounded end of the
stem entering between their recessed inner ends) into the positions represented in
Figure 6. As soon as the head of the stem has passed the bolts so as to bring its
neck opposite the said bolts the latter are shot forward by the action of the
springs h, i, into the positions represented in Figure 5, the notches in the inner ends
of the said bolts snapping upon the neck f of the stem, as seen in Figure 2, and
thus fastening the two parts of the solitaire together. By pressing inwards the
pushers c, d, of the bolts the inner ends of the said bolts separate from one
another, as illustrated in Figure 6, and are removed from the neck f of the stem,
and the said stem is released and the two parts of the solitaire may be disconnected,
as represented in Figures 3 and 4.
Figure 11 represents in vertical section a solitaire constructed according to my
Invention having a single sliding bolt; Figure 12 is a plan of the same with the
stone removed; Figure 13 represents the bolt separately; and Figure 14, the
circular disc separately.
n is the sliding bolt, sliding upon the circular disc b, projections on the said bolt
working in parallel slots in the said disc b. q is the spring for pressing the bolt

page_text: into its fastening position, one arm of the spring bearing against the bolt and the
other against the inner edge of the shell or body a. p is the pear shaped opening
in the bolt, the narrow or contracted end of the said opening when the bolt is in its
shot or fastening position being brought immediately over the guide tube b³ and
the central hole in the shell a. When the bolt n is acted upon by the pusher n³,
or is pressed back by the entering head of the back part g of the solitaire, the wide
or nearly semicircular part of the pear shaped opening p coincides with the guide
tube 6* and the hole in the bottom of the shell a. is the projecting ear on the
circular disc 6 situated opposite the pusher n² of the bolt n. This projecting ear ³
passes through a slot in the edge of the shell or body a, and besides serving with
the sliding bolt to secure the disc in the shell gives to the solitaire the appearance
of having a double pusher. In fastening the solitaire with a single boit the front
part a of the solitaire is passed onto the rounded head of the stem of the back part g
and the two parts are pressed together. The sliding bolt n is thereby pushed back
and the head of the stem made to enter the wide part of the pear shaped opening p
in the said bolt. The bolt is then shot forward by its spring q and the contracted
end of the opening p in the bolt made to snap upon the neck of the stem and thus
fasten the two parts of the solitaire together. By pressing inwards the pusher n³
of the bolt the narrow or contracted end of the opening p in the said bolt is removed
from the neck of the stem and the said stem is released, and the two parts of the
solitaire may be separated.
I apply my improvements to sleeve links, studs, and other dress fastenings and
ornaments substantially in the manner described and illustrated with respect to a
solitaire.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim as my Invention
of "Improvements in Solitaires, Sleeve Links, Studs, and other like Dress Fastenings
and Ornaments,”-
The construction and arrangements or combinations of the parts of the said
solitaires and other articles, substantially as herein before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joel Cadbury, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
Witness,
MARIA HOTHAM CADBURY.
JOEL CADBURY. (L.S.)