IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, CHARLES AUBREY DAY, of 321, High-Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES" (a communication to me from
abroad by James Lowth, Inventor, of Walnut Street, and William Dana Ewart,
Manufacturer, of South Jefferson Street, both in Chicago, State of Illinois, in the.
United States of America) to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus or telephonic
contrivances adapted to work by the transmission through the medium of a
vibrating rod to the diaphragm in a magneto telephone and to the electrodes in
a battery telephone of the musculor vibrations or exterior bodily movements of the.
speaker, and the present Invention more especially consists in certain novel devices
and combinations of devices applicable more especially to a battery transmitter
telephone working on the said principle.
The transmitter box or case is formed with a cap and with a hollow or tubular
extension forming part of the case, and projecting beyond the cap. The case is
also loaded or partly filled with lead or other comparatively heavy filling, to
increase the inertia of the case or to deaden or prevent vibrations which might
otherwise affect it, as will hereinafter more fully appear; and to deaden or prevent
similar vibrations in the said extension it is constructed with legs which enter the
said filling and pass through a disc covering it. A support or cover which may be
made of wood is attached to the outer end of the said extension and is sufficiently
thin to be somewhat vibratory, flexible or yielding at its central portion, and has a
stethoscopical vibrator applied to, and passing through it. The said vibrator consists
of a slender rod having on its outer end a button or presser, and on its inner end a
point or needle-like extension, made, by preference, of platinum. An arm or lever
is pivoted at one end to the case, and has a screw passing through a threaded hole
in the other end of it, and resting on or against the case; a small block or piece of
rubber or other suitable spring, serves to hold the said lever in such position that

page_text: the point of the said screw will always bear on its seat or rest. A metallic spring is
inserted at one end, into the said arm or lever, and carries on its other end an
annulet of lead, in which is arranged a piece of carbon located for contact with the
said needle like point.
By turning the said screw the carbon may be held with greater or less pressure
against the said point, as may be desirable or necessary.
A receiver such as heretofore used may be yoked to or used in connection with
such transmitter in such relative position as that the said presser or button may be
held in contact with the speaker's throat, so as to be effected by the muscular
vibrations accompanying the utterance of words or sounds, at the same time that
the receiver is held in the usual manner at or near his ear to enable him to receive
a message or hear a sound from a distance.
The circuit is as follows: the primary circuit proceeds from the battery to or
into, and forming a part of the induction coil, and passing thence to and through
one of the binding posts of the transmitter to the said metallic spring, passes
thence to the lead annulet, and carbon electrode: from which it passes to the other
electrode, thence to and through the other binding post of the transmitter, and on
to the battery. Thus far, in describing the primary circuit, I have had reference to
the group of parts assembled at the transinitting "station 1," but an apparatus
such as now described and a like primary circuit are also located at the receiving
"station 2." The line passes out of the induction coil at station 1, to and into the
coil at station 2, and also to the binding posts respectively on the receivers at both
stations. Instead however of making a complete metallic circuit, the line may be
grounded or connected to earth in the usual manner.
To use this apparatus, the receiver is placed to the ear in the usual manner, thus
bringing the said presser or button lightly into contact with that part of the throat
near, or a little below the chin, or in the vicinity of the larynx. Station 2 having
been called in any well known way, an answer is waited for, after which the
desired message is communicated, and the message will be delivered at station 2,
to one holding the instruments there located, in the manner already described.
A reply message may be returned in like manner.
In the telephones described in the Provisional Specifications filed by me in
respect of my two applications for Letters Patent in number immediately preceding
that of the present application, the stethoscopical vibrator is rendered yielding by
means of a soft rubber band stretched across the outer end of the tubular extension
from the transmitter box, and this extension is also adapted to serve as a handle,
the said vibrator is also comparatively large and heavy, and so is the case; with
the object of avoiding any liability that the vibrator might not vibrate truly under
all circumstances, it, as well as the case, are, in accordance with the present
improvements, made much lighter; and by employing a comparatively stiff,
though vibratory cover, (to which the said vibrator may be rigidly attached,) and
by loading the case in the manner described, inertia is produced in all the parts,
excepting those which should be vibratory, and the vibrations are therefore true
and perfect, as the electrodes are thus acted upon without being disturbed by false
vibrations which might otherwise be imparted from the case: also, by making the
cover and vibrator light, the latter responds quickly to the muscular vibrations of
the speaker.
A very convenient combined arrangement of the parts results from connecting
the transmitter and receiver to each other, so that both may be handled and used
together in the manner described.
In such Provisional Specifications I have also described both the mode of
operating telephones, by the bodily movement of exterior parts of the body, and
certain broad features of construction designed to carry into effect said mode of
operation, I therefore wish it to be understood that the said mode of operation and
certain features of construction indispensable to a telephone designed to work
according to said mode and common to the present application and to those

page_text: hereinbefore referred to as previously filed by me, are not claimed as the essential
features in the present application, the peculiar features of novelty-characteristic
of which consist,-In the combination with the transmitter case; a stethoscopical
vibrator and the electrodes, arranged in connection with the latter, of a com-
paratively hard or stiff, but vibratory support for said vibrator.-In the combi.
nation with the other necessary parts of a telephonic transmitter, of a loaded or
comparatively heavy case and a stethoscopic vibrator; And In the combination
with the other necessary parts of a telephone, of a loaded or heavy case, a vibrating
cover, a vibrator, and the electrodes, all substantially as and for the purposes
herein before set forth.
Dated this 25th day of November 1884.
DAY, DAVIES & HUNT,
321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, CHARLES AUBREY DAY, of 321, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONES" (a communication to me from
abroad by James Lowth, Inventor of Walnut Street, and William Dana Ewart,
Manufacturer, of South Jefferson Street, both in Chicago, State of Illinois, in the
United States of America,) and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This Invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus or telephonic
contrivances adapted to work by the transmission, through the medium of a
vibrating rod to the diaphragm in a magneto telephone and to the electrodes in
a battery telephone, of the muscular vibrations or exterior bodily movements of
the speaker, and the present Invention more especially consists in certain novel
devices and combinations of devices applicable more especially to a battery trans-
mitter telephone working on the said principle.
The accompanying drawings represent a telephone transmitter and receiver,
embodying the present improvements; Fig; 1, represents a side view. Fig; 2
represents a detail end view of the transmitter as seen when its cap is removed;
Fig 3 represents a section in the plane of the line c-x, of Fig; 2: Fig; 4, repre-
sents a section in the plane of the line, y-y, of Fig; 2, and Fig; 5, représents a
chart or diagram, more fully showing the relation of the parts of the instrument
to each other and the circuits.
The transmitter box or case, A, is formed with a cap, B, and with a hollow or
tubular extension, C, forming a part of the case, and projecting beyond the cap, B.
The case is also loaded or partly filled with lead or other comparatively heavy
filling, D, to increase the inertia of the case or to deaden or prevent vibrations
which might otherwise affect it, as will hereinafter more fully appear; and to
deaden or prevent similar vibrations in the said extension, C, it is constructed with
legs, a, which enter the said filling D, and pass through a disc, J, covering it. A
support or cover, E, which may be made of wood is attached to the outer end of
the said extension, C, and is sufficiently thin to be somewhat vibratory, flexible or
yielding, at its central portion, and has a stethoscopical vibrator, F, applied to, and
passing through it. The said vibrator, F, consists of a slender rod having on its
outer end, a button or presser, b, and on its inner end a point or needle-like
extension, c, made, by preference, of platinum. An arm or lever, G, is pivotted at
one end, as at, d, to the case, and has a screw, G', passing through a threaded hole
in the other end of it, and resting on or against the case; a small block or piece of
rubber or other suitable spring, e, serves to hold the said lever in such position
that the point of the said screw will always bear on its seat or rest. A metallic
spring, H, is inserted at one end into the said arm or lever, G, and carries on its
other end an annulet of lead, e¹, in which is arranged a piece of carbon, I, located
for contact with the said needle like point, c. By turning the screw, G¹, the carbon
may be held with greater or less pressure against the said point, as may be desirable
or necessary.
A receiver, K, such as heretofore used, may be yoked to, as at, L, or used in
connection with such transmitter in such relative position as that the said presser
or button, b, may be held in contact with the speaker's throat, so as to be affected
by the muscular vibrations accompanying the utterance of words or sounds, at the
same time that the receiver is held in the usual manner at or near his ear to enable
him to receive a message or hear a sound from a distance.

page_text: M, M', are binding-posts on the transmitter, and N, N¹, are binding-posts on
the receiver. O, is a battery, P, is an induction coil, Q, the primary circuit, and, R,
the line.
The circuit as will now be perceived, is as follows; the primary circuit proceeds
from the battery to or into, and forming a part of the induction coil, and passing
thence to and through the binding posts of the transmitter to the said metallic
spring, H, passes thence to the lead annulet, e', and carbon electrode, I. from which
it passes to the other electrode, c, thence to and through the other binding post, M',
of the transmitter and on to the battery. Thus far, in describing the primary
circuit, I have had reference to the group of parts assembled at "station. 1," say
the transmitting station as indicated in the chart or diagram, but an apparatus
such as now described, and a like primary circuit, are also located at "station 2,"
say the receiving station. The line R, passes out of the coil, P, at station, 1, to and
into the corresponding coil at station, 2, and also to the binding posts N, N¹,
respectively, on the receivers at both stations, as shown. Instead however of making
a complete metallic circuit, the line may be grounded or connected to earth in the
usual manner.
To use this apparatus, the receiver is placed at the ear in the usual manner, thus
bringing the said presser or button, b, lightly into contact with that part of the
throat near, or little below the chin, or in the vicinity of the larynx. Station, 2,
having been called in any well known way, an answer is waited for, after which
the desired message is communicated, and the message will be delivered at Station, 2,
to one holding the instruments there located in the manner already described.
A reply message may be returned in like manner.
In the telephones described in the Specifications filed by me in respect of my
two applications for Letters Patent in number immediately preceding that of the
present application, the stethoscopical vibrator is rendered yielding by means of a
soft rubber band stretched across the outer end of a tubular extension from the
transmitter box, and this extension is also adapted to serve as a handle. The said
vibrator is also comparatively large and heavy, and so is the case; with the object
of avoiding any liability that the vibrator might not vibrate truly under all circum-
stances, it, as well as the case, are, in accordance with the present improvements,
made much lighter; and, by employing a comparatively stiff, though vibratory
cover, E, (to which the vibrator, F, may be rigidly attached) and by loading the
case in the manner described, inertia is produced in all the parts excepting those
which should be vibratory, and the vibrations are therefore true and perfect, as the
electrodes are thus acted upon without being disturbed by false vibrations which
might otherwise be imparted from the case: also by making the cover and vibrator
light, the latter responds quickly to the muscular vibrations of the speaker.
A very convenient combined arrangement of the parts results from connecting
the transmitter and receiver to each other, so that both may be handled and used
together in the manner described.
In such Specifications I have also described both the mode of operating telephones
by the bodily movement of exterior parts of the body, and certain broad features
of construction designed to carry into effect said mode of operation, I therefore wish
it to be understood that the said mode of operation and certain features of con-
struction indispensible to a telephone designed to work according to said node and
common to the present application and to those hereinbefore referred to as previously
filed by me are not claimed as the essential features in the present application or
as the peculiar features of novelty characteristic thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. In a telephonic apparatus. The combination with the transmitter case;
a stethoscopical vibrator and the electrodes, arranged in connection with the latter,
of a comparatively hard or stiff, but vibratory support for said vibrator; the whole

page_text: '
arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes hereinþefore described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Second. In the combination with the other necessary parts of a telephonic
transmitter, of a loaded or comparatively heavy case, substantially such as specified,
and a stethoscopic vibrator; the whole constructed and arranged to operate sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference
to the accompanying drawings.
'Third. In the combination with the other necessary parts of a telephone, of a
loaded or heavy case, A, a vibrating cover, E, a vibrator, F, and the electrodes,
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.