Improvements in Combined Internal Combustion Motors and Blowing Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 18th June, 1900-Accepted, 21st July, 1900
Improvements in Combined Internal Combustion Motors and
Blowing Engines.
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers, Limited, Openshaw, Man-
chester, and JAMES ATKINSON, of "The Woodlands," Marple, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is for improvements in combined internal combustion motors
and blowing engines such as are suitable for blowing the blast for blast furnaces
or for any purpose requiring the compression or exhaustion of air or other gases.
We prefer to use motors working on the "Otto" or four stroke cycle and place
a single acting working cylinder of such an engine on the same axial line as a
blowing cylinder the mouth of the working cylinder opening into the closed end
of a larger single acting blowing cylinder. The piston of the working cylinder
is an extension on the back of the piston of the blowing cylinder the effective
portion of the blowing cylinder being thus the annular space between the two
diameters. The connecting rod of the combined machine may have its small end
connected to a pin fixed in the smaller diameter of the combined piston the blow-
ing cylinder being between the working cylinder and the crankshaft. The com-
bined machine is thus very compactly arranged and the reciprocating parts are
very light.
مل
£ Cantomber 1899
W. J CROSSLEY.
JAMES ATKINSON.
improvements in Combined Internal Combustion Motors and
Blowing Engines.
We, WILLIAM JOHN CROSSLEY, of Crossley Brothers Limited, Openshaw, Man-
The Woodlands," Marple, England, Engineers,
chester, and JAMES ATKINSON, of
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement-
This invention relates to combined internal combustion motors and blowing
engines; and its object is to provide a combined internal combustion motor and
blowing engine suitable for blowing the blast for blast furnaces, or for any pur-
pose requiring the compression or exhaustion of air or other gases.
Our invention consists in an improved construction of combined motor_and

page_text: Referring now to the accompanying sheet of drawings which illustrate how we
carry our invention into effect according to one modification.
Figure 1 is plan of a combined gas motor and air compressing cylinder, con-
structed in a manner suitable for blowing the blast for blast furnaces.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the centre of the same; and
Figure 3 is a vertical section through the line a,, of Figure 2 with the piston
removed.
C, 15
-Supported on a suitable base a, (Figure 2) we secure a cylinder b, preferably
made in two parts, e and d, bolted together, having a partly open end.
provided with the usual connections for air and gas admission and exhaust valves
(not shown on drawings). It has cast within it, strengthened by webs, an internal
cup-shaped portion e, arranged so that when secured to one end of an inner pres-
sure cylinder f, one side of this portion e forms a combustion chamber h; while
the other side forms part of a space k, which extends all round the cylinder f
(whose other end is open) so forming a water jacket.
A single acting air compressing cylinder 4, of greater internal diameter than
the inside of the cylinder f, and having one of its ends partially closed, and the
other end open, has its partially closed end bolted to the open end of the cylin
der b. This partially closed end of the cylinder is bored to a diameter sufficiently
large to allow the open end of the cylinder f to be inserted a short distance
within it and to be a good fit It has suitable air suction and discharge valve-
boxes m, m and o, o, respectively, as shewn in section in Figure 3 and has suction
and discharge valves (not shewn) arranged therein, in any well understood manner.
The cylinder may have a supporting base 7 cast in one with it.
Bolted to the compressing cylinder is a bed-platen, provided with bearing
blocks for supporting a crank shaft r, having flywheels s, s, keyed to it, one
on each end.
Sliding freely within the cylinder f (Figure 2) is a motor piston t, provided
towards one end with packing rings u, u and having at the other end an enlarge-
ment y, which is also provided with packing rings g, thus forming a piston for
the air compressing cylinder 7, in one piece with the piston t. It will be observed
- that the effective portion of the blowing cylinder is the annular space between
the diameters of the compressing and motor cylinders; and that the piston of
the blowing cylinder is arranged between the motor cylinder and the crank shaft;
and that the pistons complete their strokes together.
Bosses 2 are provided inside the piston, to form supports for the usual wrist pin.
Motion is imparted to the flywheels s, by means of a connecting rod, pivotally
attached to the said pin which works within the said bosses 2, and connected in
any ordinary manner to the crank shaft r. The position of this connecting rod
at mid stroke is shown in dotted lines in Figure 2.
The gas and air admission, and the exhaust valves may be controlled by any
well understood means.
The combined machine when constructed as hereinbefore described, is very
completely arranged and the reciprocating parts may be very light.
The motor works on the "Otto" or four stroke cycle and the action of the
combined motor and blowing engine is as follows:-
Assuming an exhaust stroke just completed, the motor piston and air compres
sion piston commence to move forward together; and in doing so the motor
piston draws in a charge of gas and air; while at the same time the compressor
piston y draws air into the cylinder through the suction valves m, m (Figure 3).
During the return stroke the piston t compresses the charge in the cylinder f,
and the piston y forces air through the delivery valves 0, 0, into the pipe 3;
whence it may be used for purposes such as supplying blast to a blast furnace.
The combustible mixture in the combustion chamber h of the motor cylinder f
is ignited on the termination of the compression stroke, and combustion then takes
place. This causes the two pistons to move forward; so that the compressing
piston y again draws air into the cylinder 7. The pistons then return expelling

page_text: the burnt gases in the motor cylinder f, and driving the air from the cylinder l,
into the pipe 3, as before explained. The same operations will now be repeated.
It will be seen that, by the means hereinbefore described, there is a delivery of
air from the compressor every revolution.
The engine may be used advantageously for exhausting gases as well as for
compressing them.
Instead of employing only one combined motor and air compressor, we some-
times, employ two; in which case we arrange the combined motors and com-
pressors in the same axial line, with the open ends of the compressor cylinders
facing each other; and we make the crank shaft common to the two pistons;
so that as one compressing piston is drawing air into the cylinder, the other is
delivering air to the collecting pipe.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The improved combined motor and pump substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1000
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents.