Improvements in or Pertaining to Vaccination and other suchlike Shields, Corn and Bunion Protectors, and similar Appliances.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 7th Sept., 1900-Accepted, 27th Oct., 1900
Improvements in or Pertaining to Vaccination and other suchlike
Shields, Corn and Bunion Protectors, and similar Appliances.
I, ARTHUR SYDNEY BOWLEY, of Lyndon, Werter Road, Putney, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows: :-
An evil is experienced in the use of the ordinary vaccination and other suchlike
shields as well as corn and bunion protectors and similar appliances in that those
parts of these appliances that rest on the surrounding parts of the person are
somewhat hard and stiff and are not so soft and yielding as is sometimes quite
absolutely needful to afford the required ease to the wearer. The object of my
invention is to remedy this evil in a cheap and simple but very effective manner.
To carry out this object I construct an hollow ring or an annular chamber
of india rubber or other convenient and expansible or other material which can
be duly filled with air or other suitable fluid or liquid under any desired pressure
and this ring can be of any appropriate dimensions as may be required in each
particular case. This tubular ring may be made in any ordinary manner but is.
perhaps preferably stamped out complete in a convenient press and thereto a
suitable filling device is very appropriately fitted. This tubular ring or rather
the annular chamber that forms the same need not necessarily be of the same
size throughout nor need its walls be of the same thickness throughout but the
area of the chamber transversely can be enlarged in places and can be diminished
in places as may be required in each particular case while its walls can like-
wise be similarly thickened or thinned but as is obvious these walls are preferably
as thin as is compatible with affording due strength.
This tubular ring so made and fitted is used in the same manner as and in
the place of the ordinary somewhat hard and stiff frame or ring of the usual
appliances and to secure the same in position the customary straps or tapes or
other devices may be used or some adhesive substance may be applied on its
outside or other usual means may be employed.
When as is the case in vaccination shields a shield or protector is required on
the ring to extend across the same and afford protection to that part of the
person that is surrounded by such ring any suitable and ordinary shield or
protector can be fitted directly on and to this my tubular ring or on and to
a bag or cover of a light textile or other material that can be made to enclose
the same.
In this latter case it may sometimes be convenient to fit the shield'
or protector on and to a flat ring made of sheet metal or wire arranged trans-
versely backwards and forwards and thus forming an annular flat strip or made
in other manner of other material the edges of which flat ring are bent down-
wards and somewhat inwards to receive and hold the edges of the cover of the
tubular ring which edges of the cover can be enlarged therefor or be otherwise
treated in such wise that the tubular ring will press these edges of the cover

page_text: against the turned-over edges of the flat ring and securely hold the same in
position.
Dated this 7th day of December 1899
HART & Co.,
Agents,
168, Fleet Street, London, E.C.
Improvements in or Pertaining to Vaccination and other suchlike
Shields, Corn and Bunion Protectors, and similar Appliances.
I, ARTHUR SYDNEY BOWLEY, of Lyndon, Werter Road, Putney, in the County
of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
-
An evil is experienced in the use of the ordinary vaccination and other suchlike
shields as also in the use of corn and bunion protectors and similar appliances
in that those parts of these appliances that rest on the surrounding parts of the
person and afford the desired protection to the affected parts of such person
are as a general rule somewhat hard and stiff and are not so soft and yielding
as is sometimes indeed quite absolutely essential and as is always desirable if
not needful to afford the desiderated comfort and ease to the wearer.
The object of this my invention is to remedy this evil in a cheap and simple
but very convenient and effective manner.
To carry out this object I construct an hollow ring or an annular chamber
preferably perhaps of india rubber although it may also be of any other con-
venient and expansible or other material which can contain or be duly filled
with air as a general rule and perhaps even preferably or it may be when
desired with any other suitable fluid or liquid under any convenient pressure
and this ring can be formed of any appropriate dimensions as may be required
in each particular case
It has hitherto been generally found extremely difficult even if not absolutely
impossible to construct these tubular rings when of such small dimensions as
are customarily necessary and convenient for these purposes in such wise that
they are capable of containing and securely retaining the air or other fluid
or liquid as obviously is requisite to enable them properly to perform their
functions.
In the accompanying drawing I have shewn a press in and by which these
tubular rings can be stamped out and completely be formed and made ready
for use rapidly surely and efficiently in one process and Figure 1 is an elevation
of this my press partly in section while Figure 2 is a plan of a tubular ring
as made in and by the press and Figure 3 is a section of this ring.
A suitable table or base A is made of metal or other appropriate material
preferably it may be with a perfectly plane and level surface whereabove is
mounted a cylindrical appliance B to act as a guide or cage for the die and
this cage B is so mounted in any convenient and usual or other manner that it
can be elevated from off the table A and can be pressed down thereupon with
the desired force while its lower edge is so formed as to put an equal pressure
upon the table A all round its periphery. In this cage B is mounted a die D the
lower and operating face whereof is constructed with two preferably concentric
pressing or cutting edges E and F between which is an annular groove or
depression H. The stem K of this die D is fitted in and connected with a ver-

page_text: tically sliding block L preferably by a ball joint M so that the lower face of
the die D may always be perfectly horizontal or parallel with the surface of the
table A and may under all circumstances allow of the pressing or cutting edges E
and F putting an equal pressure upon the table A all round their circumferences.
Two or more posts N are preferably erected upon the upper part of the cage B
which can act as guides for the block L and wherearound can be coiled springs P
in compression between the upper part of the cage B and the underside of the
block or in other manner springs in compression can be interposed between
these two parts. The block L can be operated and depressed against its springs
if any by any ordinary and suitable and convenient appliances as for example
by a worm screw threaded rod or nut properly mounted therefor and actuated
by a wheel or an handle or the like or it may be by a lever also properly mounted
therefor and manually or otherwise actuated in such wise that the die D can
be pressed down upon the table A with the desired force.
It is sufficiently obvious but still I would emphasize the fact that the absolute
and the relative diameters and dimensions of all these operating parts herein-
before described that is to say: -the cage B the pressing or cutting edges E
and F and the annular groove H can be varied in each case as may be necessary
or expedient or convenient having regard to the particular purpose or object the
resultant ring is designed to serve and the particular functions it is intended
to perform and the other surrounding circumstances.
The method or manner of using this press hereinbefore described and of pro-
ducing a tubular ring therein and thereby are as follows.
I take a piece of say for example india rubber which as is aforesaid I consider
to be the best and most convenient and efficient and therefore preferable material
and I double this piece over or otherwise form two sheets therewith and by
scissors or other appliances make a blank of the desired shape and size having
during such operation allowed or caused to be contained or to be in and between
the two sheets or parts thereof a certain or a sufficient quantity of say for
example air which as also is aforesaid I consider to be the best and most con-
venient and efficient and therefore preferable fluid or liquid. This blank so made
and treated is then placed on the table A and the cage B is pressed tightly
down thereupon whereby what air is contained between the two parts of the
blank is safely retained therein and cannot escape therefrom. The die D is
then caused to descend and the edges E and F with the intervening groove H
will form and construct the desired tubular ring pressing a large or it may even
be the greater proportion of the air contained in the blank into such ring, so
formed in the groove H and to make this tubular ring tight and to prevent the
escape of the air therefrom and especially when india rubber is the material
of which the blank is made the operating edges E and F are not primarily or
what are customarily called cutting edges but as is shewn in Figure 1 are
rounded off so as to act as pressing edges which will first press the two parts of
the blank together in such wise as effectively to join the same and as it were to
amalgamate them and as the pressure so exerted is prolonged and it may be
increased will then divide the ring from and out of the blank with such broad or
narrow or even very narrow flanges as has been arranged for and this tubular ring
so produced is ready for use. When from any cause the two parts of the blank
that are so pressed together do not adhere so tightly together as is required to
make the ring practically air-tight these parts or the meeting faces thereof are
or can be previously treated with any appropriate adhesive material or solution
or cement or the like that will necessarily and in all cases produce the desired
effect but I may say that when india rubber is used I do not anticipate that this
consequence will often if ever be observed and need not be obviated.
As a general rule the ring so formed as is herein before described will be of
sufficient dimensions for these purposes but when it may be desired to form
a tubular ring of a greater transverse area another similar annular groove or
depression may be made in the table A it may be in all respects complementary

page_text: of and corresponding with the groove H hereinbefore described whereby as is
obvious the transverse area of the tubular ring will be increased as may be
desired.
As a general rule also the ring so formed as is herein before described will
have a sufficient pressure of air inside the same for these purposes but when it
may be desired to put a greater pressure of air or other fluid or liquid inside
the ring any ordinary and suitable filling tube or collar may be fitted in the
usual or other manner to the ring and may be provided with such valves and
caps and other devices as may be customary and convenient whereby as is obvious
such a pressure of air or other fluid or liquid may be produced inside the ring.
us may be desired.
'
This tubular ring or rather the annular chamber that forms the same need
not necessarily be of the same size throughout nor need its walls be of the
same thickness throughout but (the die being made and formed and arranged
accordingly) the transverse area of the chamber can be enlarged in places and
can be diminished in places as may be required in each particular case while
its walls can likewise be similarly thickened and thinned but as is obvious for
the purpose amongst others of affording the utmost possible comfort and ease to
the wearer these walls are preferably as thin as is compatible with the provision
of sufficient strength.
This tubular ring so made and formed and fitted is used in the same manner
as and in place of the ordinary somewhat hard and stiff frame or ring of the usual
appliances and to secure the same in position the customary straps or tapes or
other devices may be employed therewith or some adhesive substance may be
applied directly and immediately on and to its outer side in which case this
adhesive substance could when necessary be washed off or otherwise removed
therefrom and might when desired afterwards be renewed which arrangement
and possibility will be found extremely convenient or a somewhat broad annular
ring of muslin or other light textile or other material or it may be of india
rubber may be secured on and to the ring to form a foot therefor and the
outer side of this flat ring or foot would be treated with the adhesive substance
or other usual and suitable means and devices may be employed for this purpose
as may be appropriate in each particular case. Again this ring and these
appliances and means and devices hereinbefore described could be employed and
arranged to act and perform their desired functions in an exactly reverse direction
and oppositely that is to say:-they could be applied to and with and be secured
in and to the article of apparel or the boot or shoe or other covering in the
exact and precise position or positions that will enable and allow and cause
them to perform their functions in manner as is herein before described.
When as is the case in vaccination shields a shield or protector is required on
the ring to extend across the same and afford protection to that part of the
person that is surrounded by such ring any suitable and ordinary or other
shield or protector can be used with this ring and in Figure 4 I shew a plan
of a very common shield or protector as mounted on and fitted to and for this
ring in one and perhaps the most convenient and efficient and therefore pre-
ferable manner and Figure 5 is a transverse section of the same.
According to this method of construction and fitment I stamp out of thin sheet
metal or other suitable material a flat ring R of the desired dimensions and
diameter from the peripheries whereof extend both internally and externally to
the required distance a desired number of small lugs T which can be bent first
downwards and then complementarily towards each other. In between these
lugs T so bent can be inserted the edges of a cover V of some light textile or
other suitable material and made of a proper corresponding size and shape in
which cover is placed the tubular ring W and to ensure that this ring W
shall be securely and safely so held by the cover V it is perhaps most convenient
that the edges of such cover V should be somewhat thickened or otherwise so
formed and treated in any ordinary manner that they cannot too easily and readily

page_text: be disengaged from the lugs T. A desired number of preferably somewhat
arched wires X or other divices are stretched across the flat ring R being secured
to or mounted on the upper surface of the same in any convenient and suitable
manner to form the desired shield or protector.
According to another method of construction and fitment the lugs may be
continuous all round the peripheries of the flat ring and practically form the
edges of the same which edges would in the same manner be bent downwards
and complementarily towards each other to perform the same function of holding
the edges of the cover of the tubular ring.
According to another method of construction and fitment the ring could be
formed of wire or the like and the lugs likewise could be formed of wire or
the like and be duly in any customary and suitable marner
secured in position on and to the ring which lugs would in the same manner
be bent downwards and complementarily towards each other to perform the same
function of holding the edges of the cover of the tubular ring.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. For vaccination and other suchlike shields corn and bunion protectors
and similar appliances an hollow ring or annular chamber made of india rubber
or other material and containing air or other fluid or liquid and formed and
constructed in the press herein before described substantially as and for the pur-
pose hereinbefore specified.
2. In vaccination and other suchlike shields the combination with an hollow
ring or annular chamber made as is herein before described and claimed of a
ring R with bent lugs or edges T a cover V enclosing the tubular ring W and
the protecting wires or the like X substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and declared.
Dated this 6th day of September 1900.