matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Mills at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th March 1876.
THOMAS MILLS, of Middleton, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
This Invention consists in an improved system and arrangements of apparatus
for enabling fires in mills, houses, rooms, and other places to be extinguished in a
more expeditious and efficient manner than can be attained by the method at
present in use. The main feature of the Invention consisting in distributing water
over a large area of fire from fixed jets or tubes supplied from the main supply pipes, .
and adapted and worked in any way that the object can be attained.
In one arrangement I employ in any desired part of the mill, house, room, or
other places, a number of jets connected to water supply pipes, and so arrange them
that in case of fire and the water turned on from the main it shall issue from the
jets, and impinge against plates placed above them or against the ceiling of the room
or against beams or any other desired substance, so spreading the water over a large
surface and putting out the fire. Or instead of the water impinging against a
substance above the jets and being distributed and cast down upon the fire I may
employ at the tops of each water supply pipe a hollow ring, into which are inserted
one or more pipes, which on the water being forced up the supply pipe will cause
such ring to revolve, and the water issuing from such pipe or pipes will be distributed
over a large area of the fire, and it will be readily understood that although I have
only described a few modes there are many other ways of causing the water to
spread over a large area.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MEASURING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Almgill at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1876.
THOMAS ALMGILL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR MEASURING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS."
The meter consists of a fixed hollow pipe fixed horizontally and acting as a shaft
communicating with the water pipe or main; around this pipe or hollow shaft
revolves a circular (or other suitably shaped) vessel, which is divided into radial
compartments, each compartment being complete in itself. At the bottom of each
compartment is an aperture or opening, which in moving round the hollow shaft
passes over a corresponding aperture in this hollow shaft, from which the water
flows from the main into one of the compartments, filling it or partly filling it as
may be desired, the vessel being held by a suitable arrangement until one compart-
ment is filled, which being filled then moves the distance of one compartment after
being liberated by a self-acting motion produced either by the increasing weight or
rising level of the water or liquid to be measured. The revolving motion of the
cylinder or vessel being obtained from the weight of the water or other fluid always
acting on one side only of the machine. As each compartment descends and empties
itself the succeeding ones are held and filled. These compartments are successively
filled and emptied as the vessel revolves from the hollow shaft, the aperture in this
shaft pipe being adjusted for this purpose.
'
If the meter should deliver more water or fluid than is immediately wanted a
floating or other catch is so adjusted as to stop its motion and shut off the water or
fluid supply.
The machine itself is surrounded by a case into which the water runs as the vessel
revolves, to which a pipe (or pipes) is (or are) fixed for the conveyance away of the
water or other liquid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SHAPING OR PLANING SCREW NUTS, WASHERS, BOLT HEADS, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Redfern at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1876. A communication
from abroad by Otto Sack, of Cassel, in the Empire of Germany.
GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the General Patent Office, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SHAPING OR PLANING SCREW NUTS, WASHERS,
BOLT HEADS, AND FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
This Invention consists in improvements on an Invention for which Letters
Patent were granted to Henry Conradi, dated the Twenty-second day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, No. 1469.
The apparatus as described in the Provisional Specification of the said former
Letters Patent had several disadvantages; amongst others the tool holder could not
be firmly fixed whilst at work; the action of the tool could not be observed without
stopping the machine; the cuttings were thrown on to the tool holder; and the
construction of the machine was complicated.
The object of the present Invention is to simplify the construction of the machine
and to improve its working.
According to these improvements the part of the apparatus for shaping or planing
the sides of the screw nuts, washers, bolt heads, broaches, rimers, or similar articles,
is arranged so that it may be fixed directly to the table of the machine, instead of
to the pillars as heretofore, whereby the quantity of work produced is much
increased, as the cutting tool is formed in two parts, so that two sides of the nut.
bolt head, or other article are operated on simultaneously. The moving forward
and stopping of the mandril carrying the screw nuts is rendered self acting by
means of a suitably arranged driver.
It will of course be understood that when bolts, broaches, taper taps, and such
like articles are to be shaped or planed the mandril is not required, the article itself
being placed between the centres.
The apparatus for shaping or planing the faces of screw nuts, bolt heads, and
similar articles consists of a suitably shaped support, placed at an angle and fixed
directly to the table of the machine. The screw nuts to be faced are screwed on

page_text: mandrils, two cutters being employed, fixed to the tool holder or slide rest. The
two cutters are formed of square steel bars placed side by side, so as to allow of
their being easily removed and sharpened. The slide rest carrying the cutters is
raised or lowered by means of a hand wheel and screw, and may be rotated on a
central bolt. It is kept at its highest point by means of weighted levers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FEEDING BOTTLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1876. A communi-
from abroad by Martin Joannard, of Paris, France,
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FEEDING BOTTLES."
This Invention relates to an improved feeding bottle operating by compressed
air.
In the accompanying Drawing, Figure 1 shows a view of the feeding bottle and
apparatus complete, and Figure 2 a view of the bottle only.
The improved feeding bottle consists of a glass vessel A, in which dips a glass
pipe C, united to the india-rubber suction tube B, to which is attached by the union
E the shield and teat F, G. The glass tube C is provided at bottom with a
hollow ball or bulb D, forming a valve which facilitates the rise of the the liquid by.
preventing its return into the bottle. Another valve J of india-rubber is placed at
the bottom end of a metal tube K projecting slightly below the said valve J,
serving as an air valve while feeding, and as a pressure valve while cleaning. On
the upper end of pipe K, above the stopper L, is an india-rubber ball H, having an
air inlet perforation at the top I. By pressing down the top of the ball H air is
forced into the bottle A through valve J, which then closes and retains the air
introduced, which, being compressed, forces out the liquid contained through the
suction pipe B.
CONSTRUCTION OF CORN AND MANURE DRILLS."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Stenner at the Office of the
Commissioner of Patents on the 1st April 1876.
<6
JOSEPH STENNER, of Tiverton, in the County of Devon.
CONSTRUCTION OF CORN AND MANURE DRILLS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
The Invention relates to a novel arrangement of mechanism for facilitating the
deposit into the ground of corn or other seeds, and of manure, either simultaneously
or separately. Supposing the machine to be intended for dropping both seeds and
manure, two rows of boxes are provided for the reception of the same, and these boxes
are fitted the one row with with stirrers and the other with shakers for disturbing
the contents of the several boxes, and for facilitating the discharge of their contents
as the drill is passing over the field to be sown and manured. The stirrers in the
seed boxes are mounted on a longitudinal sliding bar, extending from end to end
of the framing. This bar terminates in a forked piece, which embraces the periphery
of an edge cam at the end of the drill in order that it may receive an endway
motion therefrom to work the stirrers. This cam also serves to operate the shake s
of the manure boxes, which shakers are pivotted on fixed centres, and are secured
at their free ends to a longitudinal bar that terminates like the first-mentioned bar
in a forked piece embracing the periphery of the cam. The cam is mounted on a
longitudinal shaft extending from end to end of the drill, and it is driven through
a clutch arrangement from the nave of one of the carrying wheels. The discharge
openings in the manure box are controlled by a vertical slide, which extends from
end to end of the machine, and is raised and lowered by racks and pinions, actuated
by a hand lever. A somewhat similar arrangement is provided for regulating the
discharge of the seed from the seed boxes. The corn and manure discharged from
their respective boxes fall through funnels, which guide them them down to the
coulters as usual. For determining the position of the slide of the seed boxes an index
hand is pivotted to the longitudinal slide and arranged in such manner that it may
move over a graduated arc. The endway motions of the slide will thus be marked
by the indicator and the attendant will at once see how much of the discharge
openings is covered or exposed.
The arrangement of mechanism above described as applied to a compound drill
may be used as will be obvious in the construction of a seed drill or of a manure
drill;
the rotarycam in such case acting only on a set of stirrers or a set of shakers
as may be required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING BALANCES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Dicas Artingstall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th November 1876.
FREDERICK DICAS ARTINGSTALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Balance Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRING BALANCES."
Instead of the spring balances at present used, where the weight is marked on a
clock face or other dial by a finger or pointer, and which besides not being accurate
are liable to soon get out of order, I form an arrangement of weighing machine
wherein I am able to ascertain the exact weight with great certainty and rapidity.
The framework, form of spring, hooks to hang up the machine by and to hold
the goods are the same as in ordinary spring balances, but instead of the clock dial
with its finger or pointer to denote the weight, I mark or measure the draw bar
into pounds, hundredweights, or as desired, and when the said draw bar is brought
down by the weight hanging to its hook, I fasten the said bar to its place by means
of a screw or projection forced into or against it by means of a lever or other means
actuated from the outside of the framework which keeps the bar steady. I then
insert between the bottom of the frame and a lug or projection on the draw bar a
wedge-shaped graduated scale, which being pushed up until it fits the space between
the lug and bottom of the frame denotes the exact weight of the article on the
balance.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ACROBATIC TOY FIGURE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Frederick Lutticke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th October 1876.
GEORGE FREDERICK LUTTICKE, of Mark Lane, in the City of London, Commission
Merchant. "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF ACROBATIC TOY FIGURE."
This Invention relates to that class of toy figure, the arms of which are caused
to move after the manner of levers by the drag of a cord or wire connected to the
inner ends of the levers or pivotted arms, and it is now proposed by the movement
of the arms to toss a doll, a ball, or other toy, from one hand to the other over
the head of the figure, thereby making the figure perform acrobatic feats.
The legs of the figure I fix by preference to a stand, and attach the body rigidly
to the legs. The body may be formed of a block of wood suitably hollowed to
receive the inner ends of the levers that form the arms, and to allow of their
connection by cords to a central pull wire, which will extend downwards to near
the skirts of the figure and there terminate in a ring, or the body may be made of
two thicknesses of wood braced together, and leaving an internal space for the play
of the levers and their connections. Midway between the arms and at the back of
the figure a wire is applied, the same extending along the length of one arm and
bent over to form a lever for carrying a doll, ball, or other toy, such for example
as a flexible serpent, which is to be tossed in the air from one hand to the other by
the acrobat. The head and hands of the figure will by preference be moulded in any
suitable composition, and the doll or other toy will be so situate with regard to the
hands that it will move in an arc of the same diameter as the hands.
Supposing the doll to be dressed as a "Pierrot" with long skirts, the pull wire
and the imperfections in the shape of the body at the joints of the doll and else-
where will be hidden from view. On pulling down the wire sharply the arms will
be raised, and the wire from which the doll is suspended resting as it will on one
or other of the arms while they are quiesent and extended will be jerked by the
upraised arm over to the other side of the figure, where it will be apparently caught
by the wire falling on to the other arm. A rapid repetition of this action will
cause the doll to be thrown back to its starting point, and thus the representation
of a clever acrobatic feat will be obtained.
By duplicating the wires and attaching a ball to the end of each, the effect of ball
crossing each other in the air may be produced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, DRESSING, DYEING, AND COLOURING OF FURS, SKINS, AND ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES OF ALL KINDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Dixon at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1876.
RICHARD DIXON, of 79, Redcliffe Gardens, Kensington, in the County of Middle-
sex, Fur Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE, DRESSING, DYEING,
AND COLOURING OF FURS, SKINS, AND ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES OF ALL
KINDS."
The Invention consists in the application to furs and skins of all kinds, and also
to all other animal and vegetable fibres and tissues of a coating of the dust of metal
of all kinds.
One portion of the Invention consists of applying by means of a brush to furs,
skins, and animal and vegetable fibres, the dust of metals of all kinds by means of
adhesive materials, such as glue, gum, varnish, paste, or other glutinous substance
with which the fibre is either impregnated after the manner of a mordant or with
which it is coated in order to receive the metal dust.
Another process of the Invention consists of applying powdered gold, silver, tin,
zinc, or other pulverised metallic substances by means of galvanism or like chemical
action to such furs, skins, animal, or vegetable fibres and tissues.
The object of the Invention is the improvement in appearance and lasting qualities
of the objects so treated by the means and in manner aforesaid.
AN IMPROVED CUT-OFF AND GOVERNING VALVE FOR STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Chadderton, Joseph Allmark,
and Benjamin Haigh at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
15th January 1876.
JOHN CHADDERTON, JOSEPH ALLMARK, and BENJAMIN HAIGH, all of Dukinfield,
in the County of Chester, Engineers and Millwrights. "AN IMPROVED CUT-OFF AND
GOVERNING VALVE FOR STEAM ENGINES."
We employ the ordinary first slide valve with its corresponding steam and
exhaust ports, and work the valve by an eccentric and rod in the usual manner,
and place at the back or top of the valve a single cut-off plate, and our Invention
consists in working this cut-off plate in connection with the valve in a more
efficient manner than has hitherto been attained.
The cut-off valve has no connection with any eccentric rods to shift, alter, and
work the same, it being carried backwards and forwards by and with the slide
valve, and in ordinary circumstances it is kept in position and steam-tight on the
back of the slide valve by the pressure of the steam inside the steam chest, or
whenever the pressure is so low that it will not keep the plate and valve steam
Light other ordinary appliances can be used. We cast or fix to each end of the
plate a snug, which snugs when the plate is moved along with the slide valve comes
in contact with left and right handed screws having their plain parts working
through stuffing boxes at each end of the steam chest, the screws being encircled
by screw nuts connected with and worked by levers or wheels and quadrants direct
from the governor of the engine, and as the ends of the screws come in contact
with the snugs on the cut-off plate, the position of the plate is so altered over the
port holes of the slide valve that only the actual quantity of steam required to
drive the engine is admitted. The screws having right and left-hand threads
either recede or approach the cut-off valve plate simultaneously, by means of which
coming in contact with the cut-off plate we are enabled to cut off every particle of
steam, or give a full port, according to the load on the engine or position of the
governor, and these improvements are applicable under various inodifications in
detail to every class of steam engines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHAFF AND HAY CUTTING APPARATUS, PART OF SAME BEING APPLICABLE FOR OTHER CUTTING PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Alexander Traill Christie at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th October 1876. A com-
munication from abroad by Alexander Anderson, of the City of London, in the
Dominion of Canada.
DAVID ALEXANDER TRAILL CHRISTIE, of the City of London. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CHAFF AND HAY CUTTING APPARATUS, PART OF SAME BEING APPLICABLE FOR
OTHER CUTTING PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by Alexander
Anderson, of the City of London, in the Dominion of Canada.
According to this Invention the straw or other material to be cut is fed and
presented to the cutting knife in a slanting direction instead of at right angles as
heretofore. The cutting blade is formed with a scollop-shaped wave-like or
undulating edge. The knife is preferably attached at its upper end to the ordinary
working lever, and at its lower end to a link piece, being guided there in a slot or
other guide slanting downwards, the other end of said link piece sliding in or along
a slot working on a stud fixed to the frame. The weight of knife lever and link is
carried by spring or counterweight.
Apparatus constructed according to this Invention may be worked by hand or
power.
The aforesaid peculiarly formed knife or cutting edge may also be applied to
bread cutting and other cutting purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAT BODIES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1876. A. communication
from abroad by Abraham Freshfield, of New York City, in the County and
State of New York, United States of America.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HAT BODIES."
This Invention relates to a new hat body made of tempered wire so that it will
impart strength, elasticity, and durability to the crown of the hat, and nevertheless
allow the same to be made light and porous.
According to the Invention the hat body is made of wire gauze and struck up
or bent into the form and size of the crown of the hat. After having been bent
into form this hat body is properly tempered, so that it will acquire the proper
degree of elasticity and be enabled to resume its shape after being indented from
without. Were it not for the tempering process thicker and heavier wire would
have to be used, and the requisite elasticity nevertheless not be attained. This
wire hat body is placed within the crown of the hat, its lower part being confined
between two binding strips of suitable fabric that are glued or stitched together,
the glue or thread uniting the two binding strips through the apertures in the said
wire gauze. The outer covering of the hat is placed over the wire hat body and
around the outer binding strip, and secured to the latter or to the brim in suitable
manner. The hat brim is also connected with one of the two binding strips, or
the wire hat body may be extended into it. Within the wire hat body may be a
suitable lining; but for most purposes this is unnecessary, such lining, if used, being
united to the outer covering by glue or thread that passes through the apertures
of the wire hat body. If an inner lining is not used I place a small piece of fabric
into the upper part of the wire hat body and unite it in similar manner to the
covering, or said covering may by suitable stitching or clasps be directly connected
to the wire hat body, in which case this piece of fabric can also be dispensed with.
A sweat band is placed within the hat in the customary manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TANGED SPADES AND SHOVELS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Adkins at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September 1876.
FRANCIS ADKINS, of The Brades Works, Oldbury, nr Birmingham, in the County
of Worcester. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TANGED SPADES AND SHOVELS."
The object of this Invention is to produce a spade or shovel with a solid tang as
herein-after described, and so give great strength to the particular part of the
implement where it is most needed.
I propose to apply this Invention to spades and shovels which may be mado
either wholly of steel or iron, or partly of steel and partly of iron, and it consists
substantially in the arrangement or combination of the parts herein-after described.
The lower part of the tree or handle is furnished with langets or straps, which
are in one piece, and are so shaped that a socket is formed at their lower end, and
into this socket the tang of the spade or shovel is inserted.
A groove or inlet is
then cut across this socket at its lower end for the purpose of receiving the thick
part of the tang, which when in position is caused to take and fit therein. This
tang, which is of a suitable length and thickness, is forged upon the spade or shovel
in the usual manner, and the necessary aperture being bored in the lower end of
the tree for its reception it is inserted therein, and secured it its position by means
of one or more rivets driven through the tree and tang in a transverse direction.
The combination of the langets made in one piece as before described, and having
a socket at their base with the tang inserted and rivetted as herein-before mentioned
gives great strength to that part of the spade or shovel where strength is most
required, and comprises substantially the essential features desired to be claimed by
the inventor.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND PRESERVATION OF ANIMAL SUBSTANCES OR PRODUCTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Cartor at the Offic
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th March 1876.
WILLIAM HENRY CARTER, of Lee, in the County of Kent, Chemist. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND PRESERVATION OF ANIMAL SUBSTANCES OR
PRODUCTS."
This Invention relates to the treatment and preservation of certain animal
substances or products, such as albumen, serum, and other similar or analogous
substances or products, and consists in the treatment of such substances or products
with carbolic acid, or with salycilic acid, or with mixtures of the same, in such
quantities as that putrefaction shall be arrested or entirely prevented before or
during the application or employment of the substances or products.
AN IMPROVED HOISTING APPARATUS AND STAMP HAMMER
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th May 1876. A communication from
Peter Teiter, residing at Heilbronn, in the Kingdom of Wurttemberg.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth & Company, Patent Agency, of Frankfort-
on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany. "AN IMPROVED HOISTING APPARATUS AND
STAMP HAMMER." A communication.
My improved apparatus comprises a stamp hammer, which is raised by hoisting
or winding up mechanism and falls by its own weight between suitable guide rails.
The said winding up mechanism transmits the movement of a shaft which always
revolves in the same direction to the hammer in such manner that the same is raised
several times in a minute to any desired height and the same in falling is not
arrested by any obstacle.
In order that the working of the machine may be better understood I will proceed
with a description of the different parts of the winding up apparatus. The
machine is driven by a strap running on a fixed pulley by which a regular rotation
of the said shaft and a worm fixed on the same is obtained. The said worm moves
a worm wheel fixed on a hollow shaft, whercon is also fixed a ratchet wheel. For
transmitting this regular rotating movement to the hammer I employ the
following parts, namely, a double crank, the shaft of which turns in the said
hollow shaft, pawls fixed on the said double crank, and a driving pulley around
which the cord for raising the hammer is wound. This cord is fixed by one end to
a tension: pulley and by the other end to the hammer passing around the driving
pulloy and guiding pulleys. The lowest position of the hammer corresponds with
the position occupied by the double crank as long as the cord is kept in tension.
As soon as the haminer has fallen two teeth of the ratchet wheel will pull
the two pawls, and in consequence thereof give to the crank a rotating move-
ment. This movement is also imparted to the driving pulley fixed to the crank
and the cord is pulled during half a rotation of the ratchet wheel and the
hammer raised.
The foundation plate receives the bearings for the rotating parts of the machine.
The tension of the cord can be regulated in such manner that the freely falling
weight falls without any rebound.
:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Young at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th October 1876.
SAMUEL YOUNG, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER."
Upon a shaft or axle (mounted horizontally in bearings so as to be capable of
easily revolving) are fitted two circular plates, one of which is keyed fast to a shaft
or axle, and the other is capable of sliding thereon, but is compelled to revolve with
the shaft. The first plate is provided with four radial slots, through which pass
the shorter ends of four levers, each mounted on a fulcrum or pivot supported by
two lugs close to the slot. The longer ends of these levers pass through similar
slots in the second or sliding plate, and are provided with inclined planes working
in the said slots. These inclined planes are so arranged that if the second plate be
pressed or thrust towards the first or fixed plate, the long ends of the levers will be
pressed inwardly towards the centre of the axle, and consequently the other or
shorter ends will be thrust outwards. These shorter ends of the levers are so
connected by means of links to the circumference of a larger circular plate or disc
(keyed on the same axis or fixed by pillars to the first-named circular plate) and to
each other that the radial pressure outwards of the short ends of the levers imparts
a constant pressure in a circular or circumferential direction to the large disc; and
hence so long as the outward pressure of the levers is kept up the large disc will
revolve, carrying with it the axle and the two other discs together with the levers
and links.
"
The pressure upon the movable plate is imparted by means of a screw, and the
amount of this pressure may be regulated by means of a centrifugal revolving
'governor," the lever from which acts upon the movable plate, and thus as the
governor balls expand the lever withdraws the plate slightly and eases the pressure
as the speed becomes diminished, the collapse of the balls produces the reverse effec
and increases the pressure, and hence the speed of revolution.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNALLING BETWEEN PARTS OF RAILWAY TRAINS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oswald Brown at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1876.
OSWALD BROWN, of Avenue Road, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNALLING BETWEEN PARTS OF RAILWAY TRAINS, AND IN
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My Invention relates to an improved method of signalling from the guard's
van or any one of the vehicles composing a train to the engine driver.
According to my present Invention I combine with any brake apparatus involving
the use of continuous pipe connections throughout the train, a flexible air chamber
in tho guard's van or other vehicles composing the train communicating with the
said pipe, and at the other extremity of the pipe on the engine I provide a similar
flexible air chamber, the head of which is to be connected with the lever or handle
which sounds the steam whistle. The flexible air chambers in the guard's van or
other vehicles should be constructed of material as flexible and casily distended as
is consistent with standing reasonable wear, and the same with the flexible air
chamber on the engine, so that the apparatus may be exceedingly sensitive, and the
air chamber on the engine may collapse with very slight vacuum when produced as
herein-after mentioned.
The air chambers in the guard's van or vehicles will be under ordinary circum-
stances collapsed as closely as possible, but the air chamber on the engine will be
distended to its full extent when the apparatus is not in operation.
When the guard or any of the passengers desire to sound the whistle on the
engine as a signal to the driver they can do so by suddenly distending the flexible
air chamber in the guard's van or vehicle by manual power, which will produce a
slight vacuum in the pipes connecting the parts of the train, and in the flexible
air chamber on the engine, which latter will be collapsed by the pressure of the
atmosphere and will sound the whistle or other signalling apparatus.
This may
be effected either by the head of the sack being directly connected with the lever or
handle which sounds the whistle, or by a trigger arrangement or other suitable
mechanical combination.
It is obvious that the same arrangement may be applied to signalling in the
guard's van from the engine or other vehicles forming a train by having a small sack
and signalling apparatus in the guard's van as well as on the engine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Beck at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th June 1876. A communication from
abroad by Francis Carroll, of New Orleans, in the State of Louisiana, United
States of America.
WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of No. 139, Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
GAS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
This Invention relates especially to furnaces used in the manufacture of gas, but
is also applicable to furnaces in general, especially those in which a high heat is
required to be uniformly kept up or which are required to be replenished at short
intervals or to be kept open a considerable length of time for cleaning out and
clinkering. Whenever, as is usually the case, a flue or chimney is used in connexion
with a furnace, the inrush of cold air which necessarily takes place as soon as the
furnace door is opened produces a sudden lowering of the heat with consequent
waste of fuel and other resulting disadvantages. The object of the present Inven-
tion is to avoid this difficulty, and to this end the furnace door is connected with
the damper in the chimney or flue in such manner that the opening of the door
closes automatically the damper, thus shutting off the draft and effectually prevent-
ing any cold air from entering the furnace while the door remains open. On the
other hand the closing of the door re-opens automatically the damper, in which
event the normal draft of the furnace is resumed. It is in this automatic operation
of the draft regulating damper that the Invention is comprised, and any suitable
nechanical arrangements may be employed for connecting the door to the damper.
One convenient arrangement, however, consists in fixing the axis or rod which holds
the eyes on the door to the stationary eyes on the door frame to the door so as to
turn with it. This axis or rod is prolonged so as to extend above the top of the
furnace, and carries on its upper end a crank arm provided with a wrist pin, on
which is hung one end of a connecting rod, the other end of which is attached to
the sliding damper. The said crank is fixed on the axis or rod in such a position
that when the door is closed the crank will be turned so as to retract or draw out
the damper from the flue or chimney opening, while when the door is opened the
crank will be turned so as to move the damper to the full extent in the direction
requisite to close the flue or chimney.
IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR PARING OIL CAKE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas McDonald at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th November 1876.
THOMAS MCDONALD, of Hull, in the County of York, Seed Crusher and Oil Cake
Maker. "IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR PARING OIL CAKE."
This Invention has for its object the construction and use of improved apparatus
for "paring," shaping, and finishing oil cakes. I employ a table provided with
adjustable guide or guides, against which the edge of the cake to be "pared " is
placed. A knife having a vertical reciprocating motion (or partial circular motion
upon a hinge or fulcrum stud) imparted by means of an eccentric or crank and a
connecting rod pares the cake as fed to or placed against the guide or guides
referred to.
There may be one or more slot pieces employed in connection with the knife for
the purpose of steadying the same.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WASHING LINEN, COTTON, AND WOOLLEN FABRICS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1876. A communication
from abroad by Channing Webster Littlefield, of Boston, Massachusetts, United
States of America.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR WASHING LINEN, COTTON, AND WOOLLEN FABRICS." A commu-
nication from abroad by Channing Webster Littlefield, of Boston, Massachusetts,
United States of America.
The Invention relates more particularly to machinery for washing clothes, and
consists in the construction of a perforated cylinder furnished with perforated
centre board or boards running longitudinally through said perforated cylinder
and divided into one or more compartments, thereby doubling the capacity of the
perforated cylinder by equalizing the weight when loaded on both sides and
reducing the amount of power required to work the machinery, and also allowing
of a continuous rotary motion.
The Invention also embraces the enclosing and working of the above machinery
within a larger cylinder filled with water up to or about two inches above the
level of the centre board when saine is at rest and in a horizontal and level
position.
The improvements may be performed as follows:-The inner perforated cylinder
is mounted on journals at each end, and revolved by any convenient power and
gearing, through any suitable inlet water is admitted, and by the revolving
action of the centre board the linen or clothes are dashed into and lifted out of
the water, and the washing is done by water force alone; sudsing, boiling, rinsing,
and blueing may be all accomplished in and by the machine.
The various parts of the machine may be made of any convenient material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COILING GEAR OF STEAM PLOUGHING AND ENGINES."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Wicksteed at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1876.
CHARLES WICKSTEED, of Kettering, in the County of Northampton, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COILING GEAR OF STEAM PLOUGHING AND
ENGINES."
OTHER
This Invention relates more particularly to the pulley cage and pullies of the
coiling gear of steam ploughing and other engines, and has for its object the
prevention of the escape of the hauling rope from between the coiling pullies,
increased durability of the cage and parts connected therewith, and the obtainment
generally of a more efficient action of the coiling gear.
According to my Invention I make the large grooved pulley with a considerably
deeper and narrower groove than heretofore, such groove being partly V shaped
with the bottom rounded so as to fit the rope, and and the said groove being moreover
lined, if desired, with a trough-shaped steel or other metal ring easily renewable at
a trifling cost when worn. The smaller pulley has a similarly shaped groove to fit
the rope or may be made with a flat periphery, and is turned or faced on its outer
surface so as to fit accurately inside the deep groove of the large pulley (or vice
versa) which is also turned or faced on the inner surface of the groove. These
pulleys turn on shouldered bolts fitted with nuts, which serve also to strengthen the
cage. The cage is mounted on swivel pins both at the top and bottom, and is made
This cage is made in
adjustable vertically in the lever end by means of set screws.
one piece with two side jaws or projecting lugs, for the purpose of preventing the
rope from being pulled laterally from its proper place between the pulleys when
under lateral strain. If desired these jaws may be fitted with steel pieces. I prefer
to make the end of the lever which carries the cage separate and distinct from the
rest of the lever, so that it may be readily renewed in case of fracture.
In some cases I propose to adapt to the cage of my improved coiling gear the
usual swivel stem or stalk.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SLIDE VALVES FOR HOT AIR AND OTHER PIPES OR PASSAGES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Massicks and Walter Crooke
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1876.
THOMAS MASSICKS, Ironmaster, and WALTER CROOKE, Civil Engineer, both of
Millom, in the County of Cumberland. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SLIDE VALVES FOR
HOT AIR AND OTHER PIPES OR PASSAGES."
Our improved slide valves are particularly adapted for regulating the flow of hot
air or gas in connection with the gases and hot blast for sinelting furnaces, but they
may be applied for other similar purposes. The sluice or slide consists of a hollow
plate in which water is caused to circulate by means of inlet and outlet passages
regulated by means of taps; the frame in which the slide works to open and close
the valve is rivetted or bolted to a metal diaphragın secured to the inside of the
pipe; this frame is also provided with a hollow water space, and with inlet and
outlet passages and taps for the water.
We also apply a second metal diaphragm near the slide valve to act as a
temporary stop or lute when the cover of the valve is taken off. Up to the valve
on each side the tube or pipe is lined with brickwork, so that the hot air or gas
comes in contact with the least possible surface, thus preserving the heat of the gas
or air and preventing the ironwork from being destroyed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Lawrence Hill at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the Sth February 1876.
FREDERICK LAWRENCE HILL, of 36, High Street, Oxford, in the County of
Oxford, Artist. IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPES."
"
-
The improvements have for their object the better prevention of the flow of oil
to the mouth and the better cooling of the smoke. They consist in the formation
of a reservoir or trap receptacle fitted between, or to, or forming part of the stem of
the pipe and dividing it. Fashioning the stem where it enters said reservoir on
one side (the mouth-piece side) with a curved, angular, or straight tube at or near
its outfall in such reservoir, and which may project upwards, downwards, or in
otherdirection therein. Making the stem entering other side of reservoir (tho
bowl side) with a tube curved angular or straight at or near its outfall in such
reservoir, and so fixing the said stems into the said reservoir that the orifices of the
tubes therein shall, whether curved or otherwise, be separated one from the other,
and not face each other or coincide.
The improvements may be performed by making the various parts of any
substance suitable for pipes, and of any desired shape.
In some cases the receptacle or reservoir may be a separate hollow chamber, and
any ordinary pipe may be taken and divided at any part of its stem, one piece
thereof being inserted at any angle on one side of the chamber, and the other piece
at any angle in the other side or other part of the said chamber.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INFANTS' FEEDING BOTTLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th October, 1876. A com-
munication from abroad by Louis Théodore Debruge, Mechanician, of the City
of Paris, in the Republic of France.
ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of 6, Southampton Buildings, Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN INFANTS' FEEDING
BOTTLES." A communication from abroad by Louis Théodore Debruge, Mechanician,
of the City of Paris, in the Republic of France.
The features of novelty in this Invention consist in the application of two valves
to feeding bottles, one of which is arranged in the suction tube, which prevents the
milk redescending into the bottle when once drawn up, and so establishing a con-
tinuous flow by the slightest pressure from the child on the nipple.
The second valve is arranged in a conduit made in the stopper for admitting tho
external air as the child sucks, the two air pressures, external and internal, being
equivalent, effect an equilibrium, so that the child draws the milk without fatigue.
This latter valve prevents the milk's exit in case the bottle is overturned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING ORNAMENTAL FABRICS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Barbour at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th January 1876.
DAVID BARBOUR, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Manu-
facturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING ORNAMENTAL FABRICS."
-
This Invention has for its object the production of a novel and improved variety
of what are known as loom sewn fabrics.
Hitherto detached ornamental devices or figures have been formed on woven
fabrics by the use in the loom of what is known as the sewing frame, but such
devices have generally been right or perfect on only one side of the fabric, the sewn-
in threads being flushed on the other side. The present Invention consists in
combining the loom sewn threads with suitable warps and wefts, so as to be right
or perfect on both sides, that is so as to be reversible, and in carrying out the
Invention the main fabric itself is by preference made with a particolored reversible
pattern or with two perfect ornamental faces, the patterns of the two faces being
more or less similar as regards configuration, but differing in so far as is necessitated
by the fact that any particular warp or weft thread can only appear on one side at
one part of the fabric. The weaving of such particolored reversible fabrics is well
understood, and for the purposes of the present Invention it is simply necessary to
add to the loom for weaving them the sewing frame and its accessories, and in
preparing the designs and cutting the jacquard cards employed for operating on the
warps by means of the usual harness to take care that the cards acting when the
sewing frame is in operation shall cause the sewing threads that would be flushed in
the old way of working to be partly concealed in the body of the fabric, and to
partly appear so as to forin the intended device where such flushing would other-
wise be.
In carrying out the Invention according to one modification suitable for the
production of a rich tapestry fabric two warps are employed and two wefts; the
wefts are of different colors, and one of the warps constitutes a third color, being
thrown to the surfaces by the jacquard action, so as to form material parts of the
pattern, whilst the second warp is employed in forming the twilled or other surface
texture of the fabric. The wefts may in one modification be of wool and the warps
of cotton, and the superadded and sewn-in. devices may be of silk, the separate
devices being of different colors or not as may be desired. The materials of the
warps, wefts, and sewn threads may of course be varied, but in general the sewn
threads should be such as to contrast with the main fabric.
"
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY VALVES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jolin Thomas Coulthard at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th August 1876.
JOHN THOMAS COULTHARD, of Sunderland, in the County of Durham, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY VALVES."
This Invention has for its object improvements in safety valves.
I make the valve of an annular or ring form, the seating and the passage leading
to it I make to correspond, so that when the valve lifts the steam escapes both at
the outer and inner circumferences; the valve is also provided with overhanging
lips, on which the steam acts as soon as the valve commences to lift, and so it is at
once caused to rise sufficiently to give free escape to the surplus steam.
Over the valve is fixed a spring box through which a spindle passes, the lower
end of the spindle presses on the valve, and its upper end passes out through the
cover of the spring box. A coiled spring is employed, and there are flanges or ribs
within the spring box to support the spring around its exterior, and in case of
fracture to keep the parts in place. The upper end of the spring abuts on a cover
which is screwed on to the top of the spring box, and the lower end of the spring
abuts upon a disc or flange formed on the spindle; this disc or flange works steam
tight through a bushed opening in the bottom of the spring box.
The compression of the spring can be adjusted by turning the screw cover.
Above the spring box the spindle is received into a T headed cap for the purpose of
turning it, and when it is turned it carries round the valve spindle and valvo
with it, thus any grit which may lodge between the valve and its face can be got
rid of.
The cap and spindle are coupled together by a key which passes across the cap
and through a slot in the spindle; the slot is of sufficient length to allow the valve
and its spindle to rise to give escape to surplus steam without lifting the cap.
The cap can be somewhat lifted by a hand lever whenever desired, and when so
lifted the key which it carries will raise the spindle which presses upon the top of
the valve, and so allow steam to blow off freely past the valve.