Improvements in Adjustable Nut Wrenches.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Adjustable Nut Wrenches.
I, CHARLES HOWARD LAMBKIN, of 136, South 8th Avenue, Mount Vernon, in the
County of Westchester and State of New York, in the United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has reference to improvements in adjustable nut wrenches, and
particularly to a wrench similar in principle to the ordinary ratchet wrench, but
made without ratchets or springs.
The nature of my invention will best be understood when described in con-
nection with the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Fig. 1 represents a face view of a wrench embodying my invention, one of the
jaws being removed and part of the casing broken away.
Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2.2 Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the wrench head.
Fig: 4 is a top view with the operating nut removed.
Fig. 5 is a central section through the head.
Similar letters and numerals of reference designate corresponding parts through-
out the several views of the drawings.
Referring to the drawings, the letter A designates the jaw-head containing an
annular jaw holder B to which are connected the two jaws a, a. The jaw holder
is provided with a reduced portion of shank 1, which is threaded and engaged by
an operating nut C. Said nut is formed with a peripheral guide 2, fitting into a
semi-circular way 3 formed at the top of the head. The larger portion or body 4
of the jaw holder is fitted to the bore of the head and is slotted as at 5-5.
Into these slots project inclines 6-6, which serve both to support and guide the
jaws a and to prevent the jaw-holder from rotating.
Said inclines are placed diametrically opposite to each other in the head A and
may be made integral with the same.
In the jaw-holder is formed a transverse, or diametrically extending, guide way?
which receives the upper headed ends of the jaws a.
The lower or gripping portions of the jaws are provided with inclined guides 9
which are fitted into correspondingly inclined ways 10 located diametrically
opposite in the head A.
The inclines 6-6, before mentioned, support the jaws at their upper ends, and
said inclines have the same inclination as the inclined ways 10. A third set of
diametrically opposite inclines b guide the backs of the lower portion of the jaw.
Said inclines are directly adjacent to the inclined ways 10, and in fact, form a
continuation of the same (see Fig. 1). The material of the head is removed
between said inclines b to permit the insertion of the jaws from below. It is now
evident that if the operating nut C is turned, the jaw holder B will be raised or
lowered and consequently, the jaws will be opened or closed, in view of the inclined
guides 9 and ways 10, while the remaining inclines serve as additional means for
guidance and support. The shoulder c, Fig. 5, formed on the jaw-holder acts
as a stop to prevent the jaws from being drawn in too far.

page_text: To avoid the use of ratchet teeth and pawls and to provide a very quick acting
or sensitive handle, I turn a groove 11 into the outer periphery of the head A, into
which is fitted a steel strap S which is opened and closed by means of the handles H
and H¹.
In the present instance, I have shown the ends of the strap crossed and attached
at 13-13 to the ends of the respective handles. The handles are pivoted at 14-14
to a casing I, and intermediate of the same is arranged a block or bearing 15
(Fig. 1) rigidly affixed to the casing. On the casing is also formed or affixed an
abutment d having its surface concentric with the head. If by means of the
handle H, the wrench is moved in the direction of arrow 1, Fig. 1, the strap is
drawn about the head, and the head is drawn against the abutment d whereby said
head is prevented from turning. The block or bearing 15 prevents retrograde
motion of the handle H¹, as the end of the same is between the fulcrum of said
handle and the connection 13. If by means of the handle H¹, the wrench is
turned in the direction of arrow 2, the head is gripped and turned as before. The
head is loosened by pressing either of the handles outwardly.
It is, of course, to be understood, that the block or bearing 15 may be replaced
by suitably located pins or stops.
Improvements in Adjustable Nut Wrenches.
I, CHARLES HOWARD LAMBKIN, of 136, South 8th Avenue, Mount Vernon, in the
County of Westchester and State of New York, in the United States of America,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
My invention has reference to improvements in adjustable nut wrenches and
particularly to a wrench similar in principle to the ordinary ratchet wrench, but
made without ratchets or springs.
The nature of my invention will best be understood when described in connection
with the accompanying drawings in which:-
Fig. 1 represents a face view of a wrench embodying my invention, one of the
jaws being removed and part of the casing broken away. Fig. 2 is a section on
the line 2, 2 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side view of the wrench head.
Fig. 4 is a top view with the operating nut removed. Fig. 5 is a central section
through the head.
Similar letters and numerals of reference designate corresponding parts through-
out the several views of the drawings.
Referring to the drawings the letter A designates the jaw head, containing
an annular jaw holder B to which are connected the two jaws a, a. The jaw holder
is provided with a reduced portion or shank 1, which is threaded and engaged by
an operating nut C. Said nut is formed with a peripheral guide 2, fitting into a
semicircular way 3, formed at the top of the head. The larger portion or body 4
of the jaw holder is fitted to the bore of the head and is slotted, as at 5,5. Into
these slots project inclines 6, 6 which serve both to support and guide the jaws a
and to prevent the jaw holder from rotating.
Said inclines are placed diametrically opposite to each other in the head A and
may be made integral with the same.

page_text: In the jaw holder is formed a transverse or diametrically extending guide-
way 7, which receives the upper headed ends 8 of the jaws a.
The lower or gripping portions of the jaws are provided with inclined guides 9,
which are fitted into correspondingly-inclined ways 10, located diametrically
opposite in the head A. The inclines G, 6, before mentioned support the jaws at
their upper ends, and said inclines have the same inclination as the inclined
ways 10. A third set of diametrically opposite inclines b guide the backs of the
lower portion of the jaws. Said inclines are directly adjacent to the inclined
ways 10, and in fact form a continuation of the same. (See Fig. 1.) The material
of the head is removed between said inclines b to permit the insertion of the jaws
from below. It is now evident that if the operating nut C is turned the jaw
holder B will be raised or lowered and consequently the jaws will be opened or
closed, in view of the inclined guides 9 and ways 10, while the remaining inclines
serve as additional means for guidance and support. The shoulder c, Fig. 5, formed
on the jaw holder, acts as a stop to prevent the jaws from being drawn in too far.
To avoid the use of ratchet teeth and pawls and to provide a very quick acting
or sensitive handle, I turn a groove 11 into the outer periphery of the head A,
into which is fitted a steel strap S, which is opened and closed by means of the
handles H and H¹.
In the present instance I have shown the ends of the strap crossed and attached
at 13-13 to the ends of the respective handles.
The handles are pivoted at 14, 14 to a casing I and intermediate of the same is
arranged a block or bearing 15, Fig. 1, rigidly affixed to the casing. On the casing
is also formed or affixed an abutment d, having its surface concentric with the
head.
If by means of the handle H the wrench is moved in the direction of arrow 1,
Fig. 1, the strap is drawn about the head and the head is drawn against the
abutment d, whereby said head is prevented from turning.
The block or bearing 15 prevents retrograde motion of the handle H', as the end
of the same is between the fulcrum of said handle and the connection 13. If by
means of the handle H the wrench is turned in the direction of arrow 2, the head
is gripped and turned as before. The head is loosened by pressing either of the
handles outwardly..
It is of course to be understood that the block or bearing 15 may be replaced by
suitably located pins or stops.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a nut wrench, the combination of a head revolubly supported, two pivoted
handles, and a cross-strap encompassing the head and attached at opposite ends
to said handles, substantially as described.
2. In a nut wrench, the combination of a head revolubly supported, two handles,
a strap encompassing the head and attached at opposite ends to said handles, and
means for preventing retrograde turning of the handles, substantially as described.
3. In a nut wrench, the combination of a head revolubly supported, two handles,
a strap encompassing the head and attached at opposite ends to said handles, and
a block or bearing intermediate of the handles for preventing retrograde turning
of the same, substantially as described.
4. In a nut wrench, the combination of a head revolubly supported, two handles,
a strap encompassing the head and attached at opposite ends to said handles, and
an abutment arranged adjacent to the head, substantially as described.
5. In a nut wrench, the combination of a revoluble head provided with inclined
ways, a jaw holder mounted to reciprocate in said head and provided with a trans-
verse way and with a threaded shank, jaws provided with inclined guides fitted to
the inclined ways in the head and with flanges or heads fitted to the transverse way

page_text: of the jaw holder, and an operating nut engaging the threaded shank. of the jaw
holder, substantially as described.
6. In a nut wrench, the combination of a revoluble head provided with inclined
ways, a jaw holder slotted longitudinally and mounted to reciprocate in said head;
said jaw holder being provided with a transverse way and with a threaded shank,
jaws provided with inclined guides fitted to the ways in the head and with flanges
or heads fitted to the transverse way of the jaw holder, inclines 6 attached to the
head and entering the slots in the jaw holder and an operating nut engaging the
threaded shank of the jaw holder, substantially as described.
7. In a nut wrench the combination of a revoluble head provided with inclined
ways inclines 6 formed on said head for guiding and supporting the upper ends of
the jaws, a jaw holder mounted to reciprocate in said head and provided with a
transverse way and with a threaded shank, jaws provided with inclined guides
fitted to the ways in the head and with flanges or heads fitted to the transverse
way of the jaw holder, and an operating nut engaging the threaded shank of the
jaw holder, substantially as described.
8. In a nut wrench, the combination of a revoluble head provided with inclined
ways, inclines b and 6 formed on said head for guiding and supporting respectively
the backs and heads of the jaws, a jaw holder mounted to reciprocate in said head
and provided with a transverse way and with a threaded shank, jaws provided with
inclined guides fitted to the ways in the head and with flanges or heads fitted to
the transverse way of the jaw holder, and an operating nut engaging the threaded
shank of the jaw holder, substantially as described.
Dated this 18th day of April 1898
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.