IMPROVE MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET PILE CARPETS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jean Picheral, of Nimes, in the Department of
Gard, in the Republic of France, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET PILE CARPETS,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jean Picheral at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1875.
"
I, JEAN PIOHERAL, of Nimes, in the Department of Gard, in the
Republic of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET PILE CARPETS," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention (to which I give the name of Picheral's
velvet pile carpets) is by the introduction or employment of less costly
materials to produce a fabric having a velvet pile surface of great beauty,
suitable for carpeting or for furniture covering, at a price considerably
lower than heretofore, whilst at the same time the article thus manufac

page_text: tured possesses all the requisite qualities of durability and strength, the
designs being either impressed in colours on the surface or dyed after
leaving the loom.
The substance employed is a combination of wool and animal hair,
both which are simultaneously and in concert passed through the carding &
engine, so as to be thoroughly intermixed; they are then spun into
silvers or yarns, which are put into the loom and woven, and when com-
pleted the pile is cut by a knife or cutter, or shorn by the action of
knives, saws, or their equivalents. The surface is then ready for the
colour, which is applied by first fixing the tints for the ground, and then 1
those of the design which should form the external ornament of the
carpet. This may be either effected by printing or dyeing. The material
is sized to give it greater consistency.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jean Picheral in the Great Seal Patent Office 1
on the 24th December 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEAN
PICHERAL, of Nimes, in the Department of Gard, in the Republic of
France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 2
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Jean Picheral, Her
special licence that I, the said Jean Picheral, my executors, admini- 2
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jean Picheral, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and s
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VELVET PILE CARPETS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Jean Picheral, my executors or

page_text: administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
5 Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jean Picheral, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
O following statement :-
The object of the present Invention (to which I give the appellation
of "Picheral's velvet pile carpets") is by the introduction or employ-
ment of less costly materials to produce a fabric having a velvet piled
surface, suitable for carpeting or for furniture covering, at a price con-
siderably lower than heretofor, whilst at the same time the article thus
manufactured possesses all the requisite qualities of durability and
strength, and successfully rivaling articles of a similar nature in present
use, the Picheral velvet carpets having advantages of solidity and
beauty hitherto unattainable either in the French or foreign manu-
) factures.
The substance employed is a combination of wool and animal hair,
both which are simultaneously and in concert passed through the carding
engines, so as to be thoroughly intermixed; they are then spun into
silvers or yarns and fulled.
What specially characterizes this new industrial product is the velvety
surface on the exterior or apparent side of the carpet, this velveting
being produced in the actual process of manufacture, consequently
shearing the pile is not imperative after leaving the loom where it has
been woven.
When this velvet piled surface is obtained it is then ready for the
colour, which is applied by first fixing the tints for the ground, and
then those of the design, which should form the external ornament of
the carpet. This may be either effected by printing or dyeing.
The shades of colour and the designs may vary ad infinitum, and their
application may be effected by aid of the many known methods of
dyeing or printing on tissues.

page_text: The colours are rendered permanent and unchangeable by the employ-
ment of chemical compositions, giving a lasting and certain durability to
the colours.
In order to give greater consistency to the carpet it may be sized if
The carpets may be made any dimensions, and with or 5
necessary.
without selvage.
I reserve the right of applying my velvet piled fabric to any purpose
other than that of carpeting, where such application may be deemed
useful and advantageous, such, for instance, as furniture coverings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jean Picheral, have hereunto 1
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
Witness,
E. HÉBRÉ,
Ingénieur Civil,
à Paris.
JEAN PICHERAL. (L.S.)