Circular Looin Manufacturer."
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 14th June, 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 14th Sept., 188
A communication from abroad by WILHELM HEIDELMANN, of No. 1, Hauptstrasse,
Stuttgart, in the Empire of Germany, Circular Looin Manufacturer."
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.L.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6 Bank Street Manchester, both in the County
of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
The stop motions hitherto used in connection with circular hosiery looms, have the
great disadvantage of not always acting when defects or irregularities occur in the
fabric or in the position of the needles; in other words these stop motions fulfil their
purpose imperfectly.
The improved stop motion herein set forth completely overcomes this disadvantage
as it acts at once when a defect occurs in the fabric, whether it be caused by the rupture
of a thread, the wrong formation of the meshes, the breakage of a needle or through
the formation of knots in the yarn, or by swellings in the latter. In any of these
cases the machine is at once either thrown out of gear or gives notice of the irregu-
larity that has occurred by the ringing of a bell. The apparatus comes into action
not only when a needle breaks, but also when a needle is drawn down by the packing
or superposition (aufladung) of several meshes, or when it is bent downwards through
some other circumstances.
The stop motion consists of a strap or stirrup which is fixed to and can turn upon a
depending arm affixed to the loom at a suitable point. A spring, spindle and a bolt
connected therewith both slide in the said stirrup. By the said spring the bolt is
pressed immediately below the needles of the loom and against the surface of the fabric
which slips smoothly over the end of the bolt when the machine is working aright.
As soon, however, as a defect is caused by any circumstance, such as the breaking of a
thread or needle etcetera, a hole is consequently made in the fabric and the aforesaid
Pains 1

page_text: bolt is pressed by the spring through the opening thus made and carried along by the
fabric, so that it rotates with the stirrup upon the aforesaid depending arm.
A trap or drop bolt rests through the medium of a pin attached to the spring bolt
on a wire and becomes free and falls because the said wire follows the rotating motion
of the bolt. The drop bolt is then taken along by a screw in the revolving loom plate
and presses aside a pin which is fixed to the well known stop ring. This connection
will then effect the disengaging of the crank and the consequent stoppage of the
machine. Instead of effecting the stoppage of the loom by causing the stop-ring to
he acted upon by the pin, the latter can be connected with a bell striking arrange-
ment, so that in case a defect occurs, the machine is not stopped but a bell is
sounded.
A spring keeps the stirrup and bolt in their normal position on the depending arm,
so that they cannot be carried along by the friction of the stuff on the end of
the bolt.
If the bolt has to be put out of gear, it is shifted by means of the spring spindle
backwards, until it no longer touches the fabric and is held in this position by incans
of a hook or pin.
If the stuff is thrown off by the needles, the bolt is similarly pressed forwards, but
as no hole is made this time in the fabric the aforesaid stirrup keeps its normal position
relative to the depending arm, and the wire on the end of the spring bolt slips forward
and disengages the pin on the drop bolt. The trap or drop bolt is then freed as before
and the stoppage of the machine takes place in the usual manner and by the process
explained in the foregoing. In the case of a knot or a swelling occurring in the yarn
the bolt will not (as there is no hole formed in the fabric) be pressed forward, but it
will be moved sideways by the said knot or swelling so that in this case also the pin on
the drop bolt becomes free from its retaining wire and the trap falls, thereby causing
the machine to be thrown out of gear. Consequently the bolt is capable of three
different kinds of motion namely, a sideway motion which is caused by a knot or
swelling in the yarn or any unevenness occurring in the woven texture; a forward
motion caused by the needles throwing off the stuff, or a motion taking place both
sideways and forwards and caused by a hole made in the fabric. In all three cases the
disengaging gear of the machine is operated by means of the wire on the spring bolt,
the trap or drop bolt and the pin thercon as hereinbefore described.
In the manufacture of certain stuffs especially those destined for fancy articles for
As this sort
ladies and gentlemen it is necessary to form a mesh known as "latter."
of mesh involves an opening in the fabric the bolt would always act when any of these
meshes passed near it, and the consequence of this would be that the machine would
always be thrown out of gear. To prevent this, the following contrivance is adopted.
A swivelling arm is mounted upon and can revolve in a horizontal plane on a depending
arm attached to a rigid part of the machine. The said swivelling arm carries a plate
provided with a slot, which allows of its adjustment and is provided with a flap or
wing. A finger is fixed on the swivelling arm by a screw so that the arm during the
rotation of the loom comes in contact with a projection fixed on the latter by means
of one of the plate screws. The swivelling arm will thus be compelled to move in
the direction of the loom plate. As the finger or the swivelling arm and the aforesaid
projection are moving in circular paths of different radii, they will when they reach
the point of intersection of these curves become freed from each other and the
swivelling arm will be brought back to its former position by means of a spring. The
plate and its flap or wing will also make a short movement and will during that move-
ment press against the aforesaid spring spindle, so that the latter and with it the bolt
which resis against the fabric cannot come forward even if there should be an opening
in the fabric. Now if such an opening as for instance a "latter" is to be provided
at a particular point in the fabric it is necessary to adjust the aforesaid projection in
the corresponding proper position on the crown border or plate of the loom, and to
regulate the finger and wing plate on the swivelling arm accordingly, so that a move
ment of the spring spindle is effected by means of the flap or wing, and the said
spindle is prevented from acting on that particular place in the fabric. A spring fixed

page_text: on the swivelling arm and bearing on a stationary portion of the loom, prevents a
"skipping" of the said arm, a thing which might easily occur when the machine is
going fast.
The aforesaid stirrup and bolt can, by the omission of the spring spindle be adapted
on the well known plate screw of the loom. In this case the spring is applied to the
bolt itself and the latter acts as has been already explained when an opening or
another irregularity occurs in the fabric. By means of a wire attached to the bolt a
weighted pivoted lever is let loose and falls so as to engage with the plate screws. In
this operation the object of the weight is to effect a prompt and certain loosening or
fall of the lever. Consequently in this case the breaking of a thread on the "fournisseur"
causes the stop motion to come into action.
The point of the bolt may be shaped in various ways according to the degree of
fineness of the fabric and the size of the machine.
Dated this 10th day of Santambar 1887

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stop Motions for Circular Hosiery Looms.
A communication from abroad by WILHELM HEIDELMANN, of No. 1, Hauptstrasso,
Stuttgart, in the Empire of Germany, Circular Loom Manufacturer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S. M.I.M.E. of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both in
the County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The stop motions hitherto used in connection with circular hosiery looms, have the
great disadvantage of not always acting when defects or irregularities occur in the
fabric or in the position of the needles; in other words, these stop motions fulfil their
purpose imperfectly.
The improved stop motion herein set forth completely overcomes this disadvantage
as it acts at once when a defect occurs in the fabric, whether it be caused by the
rupture of a thread, the wrong formation of the meshes, the breakage of a needle, or
through the formation of knots in the yarn, or by swellings in the latter. In any of
these cases the machine is at once either thrown out of gear or gives notice of the
irregularity that has occurred by the ringing of a bell. The apparatus comes into
action, not only when a needle breaks, but also when a needle is drawn down by the
packing or superposition of several meshes, or when it is bent downwards through
some other circumstance.
Figure 1 is an elevation of the improved stop motion.
Figure 2 is a plan of same.
Figure 3 is an elevation of a portion of same at right angles to Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a modified arrangement which can be adapted to the loom laying in
wheel.
Figures 5 and 6 are elevation and plan respectively of a modified arrangement
applicable to fabrics with an open mesh.
Figure 7 is a sectional detail of Figure 5.
Figure 8 shows one form of mesh to which the above arrangement is applicable.
Figure 9 shows various ways of shaping the points of the bolts hereinafter
described.
As shown in Figure 1 the stop motion consists of a strap or stirrup ", which is
fixed to, and can turn upon a depending arm a affixed to the loom at a suitable point.
A spring spindle o and a bolt s connected therewith, both slide in the said stirrup r.
By the spring the bolts is pressed immediately below the needles t t of the loom,
and against the surface of the fabric 9 g, which slips smoothly over the end of the
bolts when the machine is working aright. As soon, however, as a defect is caused

page_text: by any circumstance, such as the breaking of a thread or needle etcetera, a hole is
consequently made in the fabric, and the aforesaid bolts is pressed by the spring f
through the opening thus made, and carried along by the fabric g g so that it rotates
with the stirrup upon the aforesaid depending arm in the direction of the arrow
in Figure 2.
i
A trap or drop bolt rests through the medium of a pin d on a wire c attached to
the spring spindle o, and becomes free and falls in consequence of the said wire c
following the rotating motion of the holt s. The dotted lines in Figure 1 show the
drop bolt in the position it occupies when it has fallen. The drop bolt is then taken
along in the direction of the arrow in Figure 3 by a screw pl on the revolving loom
plate. The pin on the drop bolt presses aside a pink, which is fixed to the well
known stop ring v. The resulting position is shown in dotted lines in Figure 3.
This connection will then effect the disengaging of the crank and consequent stoppage
of the machine. Instead of effecting the stoppage of the loom by causing the stop
ring to be acted upon by the pin i, the latter can be connected with a bell striking
arrangement, so that in case a defect occurs, the machine is not stopped but a bell is
sounded.
A spring y keeps the stirrup and bolt s in their normal position on the depending
arm, so that they cannot be carried along by the friction of the stuff on the end of the
bolt. If the bolt, has to be put out of gear, it is shifted by means of the spring
spindle o backwards, until it no longer touches the fabric and is held in this position
by means of a hook or pin b, Figure 1.
If the stuff is thrown off by the needles it the bolt is similarly pressed forwards,
but as no hole is made this time in the fabric against which the side of the bolt can
catch, the aforesaid stirrup keeps its normal position as shown in Figure 2, and the
wire c on the end of the spring spindle slips forward in the direction of the arrow on
Figure 1 and disengages the pin d on the drop bolt h. The latter is then freed as
before, and the stoppage of the machine takes place in the usual manner and by the
process explained in the foregoing. In the case of a knot or a swelling occurring in
the yarn the bolts will not (as there is no hole formed in the fabric) be pressed
forward, but it will be moved sideways by the said knot or swelling, so that in this
case also the pin d on the drop bolt becomes free from its retaining wire c, and the
trap falls, thereby causing the machine to be thrown out of gear. Consequently
the bolt is capable of three different movements namely, a side movement which is
caused by a knot er swelling in the yarn, or any unevenness occurring in the woven
texture a forward movement caused by the needless throwing off the stuff, or a
movement taking place both sideways and forwards and caused by a hole made in the
fabric. In all three cases the disengaging gear of the machine is operated by means
of the wire e on the spring spindle, the trap or drop bolt and the pin d thereon as
herein before described.
In the manufacture of certain stuffs especially those designed for fancy articles for
ladies and gentlemen, it is sometimes necessary to form an open mesh such as shown
in Figure S. As this sort of mesh involves an opening in the fabric the bolts would
always act when any of these meshes passed near it, and the consequence of this would
be that the machine would continually be thrown out of gear. To prevent this, the
following contrivance (shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7) is adopted. A swivelling arm!
is mounted upon and can revolve in a horizonal plane on a depending arm a' attached
to a rigid part of the machine, but preferably to the arm a aforesaid.
al
The said swivelling arm 1 carries a plate m provided with a slot, which allows of its
adjustment, and with a flap or wing n. A striking finger q is fixed on the swivelling
arm by a screw so that the arm, during the rotation of the loom, comes in contact with
projection p, fixed on the latter by means of one of the plate screws. The swivelling
arm will thus be compelled to move in the direction of the loom plate as shown by
the arrow in Figure 6. As the finger q on the swivelling arm, and the aforesaid projec-
tion p are moving in circular paths of different radii, they will, when they reach the
point of intersection of these curves, become freed from each other and the swivelling
arm will be brought back to its former position by means of a spring w¹. The

page_text: plate m and its flap or wing n¹ will also make a short movement in the direction of the
arrow (Figure 6) and the wing n will, during that movement, press against the
aforesaid spring spindle o so that the latter, and with it the bolts (which rests against the
fabric) cannot come forward even if there should be an opening in the fabric. Now
if such an opening as for instance, an open mesh, is to be provided at a particular point
in the fabric, it is necessary to adjust the aforesaid projection p in the corresponding
proper position on the crown border or plate of the loom, and to regulate the finger q
and wing plate m on the swivelling arm accordingly, so that a movement of the
spring spindle o is effected by means of the flap or wing n', and the said spindle is
prevented from acting on that particular place in the fabric. A spring w fixed on
the swivelling arm and bearing on a stationary portion of the loom prevents a
skipping of the said arm l, a thing which might easily occur when the machine is
going fast.
"
The aforesaid stirrup and bolts can, by the omission of the spring spindle o, be
adapted to the well-known laying-in-wheel I, I, of the circular loom as shown in
Figure 4. In this case, the spring f is applied to the bolts itself and the latter acts as
has been already explained when an opening or other irregularity occurs in the fabric.
By means of the wire c attached to the bolt, a lever a pivoted at and having a
counterweight is let loose and falls into the position shown by the dotted lines in
Figure 4. The depending arm w², also connected with the lever w, is by the release of the
latter, thrown to one side as shown in dotted lines. The arm is connected by any
suitable mechanism with the stop ring e, so that when the lever wis released, the ring
is moved and stops the machine. In this operation the object of the weight n is to effect a
prompt and certain loosening of the lever w. The breaking of a thread on the "fournisseur"
or thread adjuster also causes the stop ring to come into action in the well known
manner. The point of the bolts may be shaped in various ways according to the
degree of fineness of the fabric and the size of the machine. In Figure 9 a few
examples of these points are shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In stop motions.for circular hosiery looms a spring bolt such as s resting directly
on the fabric and capable of turning about its transverse axis, and a wire such as e by
which the said bolt is connected with the stop gear of the loom, whereby, in the event
of the fabric being thrown off the needles, or of knots or swellings in the yarn, or of
holes in the fabric, the said bolt receives respectively a forward rectilinear movement
a lateral rotative movement, or both a forward rectilinear and a lateral rotative move-
ment, and in each case causes the said wire c to actuate the stop motion, substantially
as described.
C
2. In combination with a spring bolt such as shaving its point resting against the
fabric, the spring pivoted arm engaged by a projection on the loom plate and pro-
vided with an adjustable plate m carrying a wing n', whereby the said spring bolt is
rendered at times inoperative, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 13th day of luns 1888
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.