CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR. CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD FOR CARPENTERS', JOINERS', AND CABINET MAKERS! WORK
Year: 1871

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aminthe Zoé Houbé, Antoine
Guinet, and Victor Eugène Lemarchand at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th June
1871.
- We, AMINTHE ZOÉ HOUBÉ, ANTOINE GUINET, and VICTOR EUGÈNE
LEMAROHAND,, all of Villette, near Paris, in the Department of the
Seine, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR.
CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD FOR CARPENTERS', JOINERS', AND CABINET MAKERS!
WORK," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to a combination of mechanism for
working, cutting, and shaping tools, by which planing, rabbeting,
grooving, and the making of mouldings or beadings may be effected at
one operation.
Secondly. To such an arrangement of cutting and shaping tools, each
of which is to take off part of the piece of wood being operated upon,
that when the piece to be shaped has passed through the machine it is
completely finished.

page_text: This Invention affords the advantage of effecting at a single stroke
work which hitherto necessitated as many partial strokes as there were
cutting tools to the instrument employed.
Our machine may be worked by hand or by steam or other avail-
able power.
On the accompanying Drawings forming part of this our Provisional
Specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation shewing a tool for making a
semicircular beading and the mechanism for working it; Figures 2
to 6 inclusive show the several tools which may be embodied in the
machine represented, Figure 1; Figure 1 is drawn to a scale of 1/10th ;
Figure 3 to a scale of th; Figure 6 to a scale of ½, and Figures 2, 4,
and 5 full size.
A, tool for making half round mouldings or beadings; B, cutters
placed in two rows in the tool A; C, opening by which the finished
moulding passes out; D, drums grooved with sharp angles for carrying
along the wood to be worked; E, bevel toothed gearing fixed in the
axle of the drums D; F, other bevel pinions communicating motion to
the preceding; G, horizontal shaft on which are fixed the toothed
pinions F; J, levers for pressing the wood against the drum D;
K, pulleys or friction rollers pressing and running on the wood%;B
a, shafts on which are set the levers J; L, screws supporting the
shafts a, and serving to raise and lower them; M, pieces of wood com-
bined to form the tool for angular mouldings or beadings; N, rows of
upper cutters; O, rows of lower side cutters; P, rows of cutters for
forming the angle of the moulding; Q, cutters for obtaining the width;
R, pieces of wood to which the cutters are fixed; S, bolts for setting the
pieces of wood R in the slides of the table, according to the width to be
given to the piece of wood to be shaped; T, sliding cheeks to be raised
or lowered according to the thickness of the wood to prevent any play
between the drum D and the main tool.
The mechanism shown, Figure 1, is composed of three drums D,
grooved with sharp angles, and each carrying at one of their ends a
bevel pinion E gearing with another F fixed on the shaft G. The
pieces of wood to be operated upon are pressed on the drums D by
levers J having at their lower ends pulleys K. These levers J are
moveable around the shafts a carried on the screws L, which serve for
raising and lowering them according to the thickness of the wood to be
shaped, and in order that the point of contact of the pulleys K and the

page_text: drums D with these picces of wood may always be in line with the
centres of these pulleys and drums.
The tool shown, Figure 1, which is to form the half round bead or
simplest of mouldings is made of a piece of wood A, in the length of
which are placed in two rows the cutters B fixed in the same way as:
those of the planes or rabbeting tools in ordinary use by carpenters.
The cutters B are placed in gradation as shown, Figure 2, so that each
one removes a shaving, and that the half round moulding or bead
issuing at C is completely finished. As may be seen the interior of the
tool has the shape of a funnel.
We will now describe the manufacture of one of the most difficult
beads or mouldings and then that of a bead with angle. The tool
which we use for the first is formed of five pieces of wood M joined so
as to facilitate the setting of the cutters, which are placed in five rows
as shewn, Figures 3, 4, and 5, and so that the two rows of upper
cutters N have to make a semicircle like the tool above described;
the two lateral rows O of the under part must make the other half
circumference, and we then have the fifth row P intermediary to the
preceding which is to form the angle of the moulding.
We should here observe that the number of rows of cutters and their
quantity may be increased or lessened according to the greater or lesser
amount of work they are to execute. For ordinary sections we have a
surface only permitting the use of one row of cutters. We have placed
in front of the principal tools two other tools for reducing the wood to
the required breadth, according to the way in which these tools are
placed on the table they may serve for every thickness and breadth of
moulding, see Figure 6. In order to set the cutters Q according to the
breadth of the wood to be operated upon, the pieces of wood R are
provided with bolts 8 working in slides made in the table. To guide
the pieces of wood in their thickness we have adapted two sliding
cheeks D, which are raised and lowered by means of bolts fixed in the
pieces R. These tools may serve for every thickness and breadth of
wood to be shaped, and thus we avoid placing within each principal
tool a row of cutters to bring the wood to the proper width. The
inclination or slope to be given to the cutters whether in height or
breadth is the same as in ordinary carpenters' tools. These cutters may
be held by wedges, regulating screws, or by any other means.

page_text: We would here observe that the nearer the cutters are to each other
in the length of the tool the less the friction. Also that if the cutters
are arranged according to the lines shown, Figures 2 and 4, and that the
division of the cutters lengthwise of the tool is equal between each
cutter, that the interior of this tool will not be straight, it is therefore
requisite that the slope be greater at the entrance to the tool, or that
the first cutters be wider apart than the end-ones. By this means the
interior of the tool is straight and more easy to make, but to avoid
length of tool and thereby reduce friction it is preferable to obtain the
difference of the cutters by the inner slope of the tool. All these tools
may be made of wood or of any suitable metal.