Improvements in Turbines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1899-Accepted, 8th Apr., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Turbines.
We, ARTHUR GUY ENOCK, of Church Road, Willesden, London, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, and DONALD ENOCK, of Kingston Lodge, Dartmouth, in
the County of Devon, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates primarily to steam or gas turbines such as may be used
on steam launches, yachts and ships, but is applicable to other purposes and is
designed to provide a turbine capable of being reversed.
It consists essentially in constructing the turbine with two or more sets of
buckets, vanes or the like, one set placed in the opposite direction to the other and
with one or more steam jets placed to act in opposite directions, and to impinge
upon their respective buckets so that the turbine may be reversed or driven in
opposite directions.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which as examples various ways are illustrated of constructing the turbines in
accordance with our invention.
:
Figs. 1 and 2, represent front and side elevations partly in section of one
arrangement of the turbine. It is provided with two wheels A A¹ mounted upon
a shaft B both of which are fitted to the shaft to rotate with it
in the casing C. Each wheel is fitted on its periphery with a
number of vanes a a¹; the vanes a on the wheel A being set to
face in one direction and the vanes a¹ on the wheel A¹ to face in. the reverse or
opposite direction. Each wheel is provided with a steam inlet nozzle or jet at D
and exhaust at E. The steam jets are also set in opposite directions. The steam-
pipe to the two jets may be fitted with a suitable valve to admit the steam to either
as may be required. The steam when impinging on the vanes a of the wheel A
will drive the turbine in one direction and when impinging on the vanes a¹ of the
wheel A in the reverse direction.
.
Figs. 3 and 4 represent front and side elevations of another arrangement of our
reversing turbine in which a single wheel A is employed with two sets of vanes a a¹
on the periphery set to face in opposite directions. A single steam jet D is
mounted on a swivel d so that it may be moved into such position that the steam
impinges on any desired set of the buckets or vanes a a¹. The same jet or nozzle D
is thus used for driving in both directions according to the position in which it
is placed the reversing of the turbine being effected by altering or moving the
position of the nozzle D. Instead of the swivelling nozzle D fixed steam jets may
be employed.
Figs 5 and 6 represent front and side elevations partly in section of another
arrangement of our reversing turbine with one wheel A keyed or forged onto the
shaft B and the other wheel A¹ attached to a hollow sleeve or shaft B¹ fitting over
the shaft B. The wheel A¹ may be placed adjacent to or at any desired distance
from the wheel A. The buckets or vanes a on the wheel A are set to face in the
opposite direction to the buckets or vanes a¹ on the wheel A¹.

page_text: Fig. 7, represents front elevation of similar pair of wheels A A¹ fixed or forged on
one shaft B the vanes a and a¹ being placed on the periphery to face in opposite.
directions.
5
•
Fig. 8, represents a front elevation of a single wheel with two sets of vanes upon
the periphery set in opposite directions. Two wheels may be set side by side
affixed to the same shaft B.
Figs. 9 and 10 represent front and side elevations partly in section of a set of two
or three wheels of different sizes set together upon the same shaft some of the
vanes al a² being set nearer to the shaft than the other vanes a. The vanes a¹ a²
are set to face in the same direction but in opposite directions to the vanes a.
Figs. 11 and 12 represent front, and side., sectional, elevations of another con-
struction of reversing turbine comprising a single wheel A with two sets of
vanes a al the set a being on the periphery. for driving in one direction and the
set a between the periphery and the centre for driving in the reverse direction."
Figs. 13 and 14 represent front and side elevations partly in section of reversing
turbine with the vanes or buckets mounted to swivel or reverse their positions on
the turbine wheel A. Each bucket or vane a is placed at the end of a spindle e to
which is fitted a toothed wheel or pinion E by which 'it is rotated.
To a sliding plate or disc F are fitted a number of racks f which gear with
the pinions E and the movement of the racks in one direction or the other cause the
vanes to rotate so as to face in either direction. The steam jets D are placed in
suitable position and the steam valve may be operated by the movement of the
rack plate For cach vane may be rotated by means of levers or other suitable
mechanism instead of racks.
In case of two or more wheels or sets of vanes, one or more of the wheels may be
so connected to the shaft, as to drive in one direction only by means of suitable
clutch or friction gear, so that the shaft may be instantly reversed, while previous
driving wheel or wheels overrun shaft.
:
The steam may be made to impinge on the vanes either at the periphery or the
sides of wheels in all cases and the exhaust may be taken away either through the
centre of wheel or out at the sides.
F
W
In a large turbine it is our intention to use a series of wheels, any one of which
may be constructed in the manner above indicated.
Having now particularly described and. ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that. what
we claim is:-
1. A turbine constructed with two or more sets of buckets vanes or the like one
set placed to face in one direction and the other set in the reverse direction and
with one or more steam jets placed to act in opposite directions so that the turbines
may be reversed or driven in opposite directions substantially as described.
2. A turbine constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose
described and shown with reference to either of the figs. of the drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of February 1899