IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Lockwood, of Sheffield, in the County
of York, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lockwood at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 30th October 1875.
I, WILLIAM LOCKWOOD, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of
steam boilers, has for its objects the diminishing of the consumption of
fuel, the better and more economical heating of the water (or other
liquid or contents), the attainment of a greater regularity of dispersion
of the heat and circulation of the water, the quicker generation of
steam, and the strengthening of the shell of the boiler.

page_text: To attain these most desirable objects I construct the shell of the
boiler of any desired length, and other dimensions of a series of rivetted
or welded rings, of rivetted or welded plates, preferably of about two
feet in width, and each such ring (or each alternate ring of such series
of rings) I provide with a fire-box or tube of a proper size, which runs
in a slanting position from one side of the boiler to the bottom thereof,
making an angle with the horizon of, say about 40 or 50 degrees. From
the upper end of each fire-tube I branch a horizontal, or nearly hori-
zontal tube or flue which crosses the ring of plates from the one side to
the other, and is either rivetted or wolded at the one end to the fire-
tube and at the other end to the opposite side of the ring of plates.
Immediately under the bottom opening of the fire-tubes and
running the entire length of the boiler, I arrange a series of feed
water pipes running to and fro and coupled at their ends, which act
and serve as a continuous fire-grate common to all the firc-tubes.
At the upper opening of each fire-tubo I fit thereto a suitable door
frame provided with a hinged door having a perforated ventilating plate
and an arrangement of "on-and-off" turning plates. From the opposito
ends of the horizontal flues I enclose or build an exterior space or flue
(common to all), round the lower part of that side of the boiler and
carry it to within a short distance of the water grate, and I so build the
setting of the boiler as to be without an exterior flue on the fire-doors
side, and also so as to leave a sufficient space beneath the water grate
for the removal of ashes and the admission of air to support com-
bustion in the series of fires, and this space at one end I also provide
with a ventilating door arrangement similar to that above described.
With these improvements in addition to the advantages above described,
there will be less liability to explosion or over production of steam upon
lowness of water or other cause and to the distortion of the boiler; the
angular combination and close arrangement of the tubes giving great
additional staying strength to the shell of the boiler, and with the
exterior flue enabling the heat to be much more regularly and evenly
distributed in the body of the water, effecting a more perfect circulation
thereof. As above mentioned, the combustion is supported in the series
of fire-tubes by the admission of the air to the space under the water
grate and common to all, and the combustion is further perfected in
horizontal flues and exterior flues common to all by the further admis-

page_text: sion of the air thereto, through the separate ventilating doors. The
provision of the water grate also enables the water to be heated very
effectively before admission to the boiler. The main advantages are
thus seen to be derived from the principal feature of the Invention
which is the combination of the scries of inclined fire-tubes with the hori-
zontal flues, and with the exterior flue, ventilating doors, and water
grate
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said William Lockwood in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
LOCKWOOD, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Lockwoed,
Her special licence, that I, the said William Lockwood, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Lockwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STEAM BOILERS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Lock-
wood, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and.
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Lockwood, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement in writing, and on reference being had
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to say:-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the construction of
steam boilers, bas for its objects the diminishing of the consumption of
fuel, the better and more economical heating of the water (or other
contents), the attainment of a greater regularity of dispersion of the
heat, and circulation of the water, the quicker generation of steam, and
the strengthening of the shell of the boiler.
Such being the nature and object of my said Invention I will
now proceed to describe the manner in which I carry the same into
practice, and in order that the Invention may be completely under-
stood I have annexed hereunto one Sheet of Drawings illustrative
thereof, and have marked the same with letters of reference corre-
sponding with those in the following explanation thereof, that is to
say :-
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figure 1 illustrates a longi-
tudinal section of a boiler, arranged and constructed according to the
principle of my Invention; Figures 2 and 3 represent transverse
sections thereof; Figure 4 an elevation; and Figure 5, partly a plan
and partly a sectional plan.
To attain the above-mentioned most desirable objects I construct the
shell of the boiler of any desired length, and other dimensions of a
series of rivetted or welded rings A, of rivetted or welded plates, and
cach such ring A. (or each alternate ring of such series of rings) I pro-
vide with a fire-box B of a proper and desirable size and shape, and
from an upper side of each of which I branch a tube C, which runs
therefrom in a slanting direction to the adjacent side of the same ring of
plates in the boiler shell, and from the other upper side of each box BI
branch another tube D also in a slanting direction, and also to the
adjacent side of the same ring of plates; thus the fire-boxes B are cach
connected to opposite sides of the same ring of plates. In the inside of
each fire-box B I arrange cross water tubes E.
Immediately under the bottom openings F of the boxes B, and running
the entire length of the boiler, I arrange a series of feed water pipes G
running to and fro, and which act and serve as a continuous fire-grate
common to all the fire-boxes B. At the upper opening H of cach tube C

page_text: I fit thereto a suitable door frame I provided with a hinged door J con-
structed with a perforated ventilating plate K, and an arrangement of "on-
and-off" turning plates. I also so arrange and construct the brickwork
setting of the boiler that the products of combustion on emerging from
the mouths of the said tubes D are conveyed by the flue or opening L
around the lower portion of the boiler shell, and then through openings M
into the main flue N common to all the fire-boxes. I also provide or
leave a sufficient space or opening O beneath the grate G, running the
entire length of the boiler setting and provided with door frames,
doors, and with a ventilating plate (not shown in the accompanying
Drawings, but similar to those above described) for the admission of air
to support combustion in the series of fires; and I also make suitable
spaces or openings P at the side of the boiler, and opposite and in line
with each fire box and door, and communicating with the under side of
the fires so as to enable the attendant to clean the fires and remove
the ashes; and for convenience of access I provide these openings with
suitable frames and hinged doors Q.
With these improvements, in addition to the advantages above
described, there is a less liability to explosion or over production of
steam upon any lowness of water or other cause and to distortion of the
boiler, the angular combination and close arrangement of the said tubes
giving great additional staying strength to the shell of the boiler, and
with the exterior flue enabling the heat to be much more regularly and
evenly distributed in the body of the water, effecting a more perfect
circulation thereof. As above mentioned the combustion is supported
in the series of fire-boxes by the admission of the air to the space
under the water grate and common to all, and the combustion is
further effected in the said tubes or flues D and exterior flue L by the
further admission of the air thereto, through the separate ventilating
doors. The provision of the water grate also enables the water to be
heated very effectively before admission to the boiler.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and
objects of my said Invention, together with the manner in which I carry
out the same in practice, I would remark in conclusion that I claim as
my Invention, the above described novel and peculiar combination with
the shell of a boiler constructed as described, of a series of fire-tubes
and boxes, and combustion flues or tubes, and ventilating doors, respec-
tively arranged as described, and of an exterior flue and water grate for

page_text: heating the feed water, each respectively common to the said series of
tubes, boxes, and flues, and of the other described subsidiary improve-
ments necessary to carry the principle of this combination effectually
into practice, to attain the herein-before specified objects, substantially
as described and as illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Lockwood, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.