IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING, BURNING, COOLING, OR OTHERWISE TREATING BRICKS, TILES, PEAT, OR OTHER MATERIAL WORKED SERIES AND IN APPARATUS OR PLANT THEREFOR" to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM WADE, at the Office for Patents, 6 Lord Street Liverpool in the
county of Lancaster, Builder and Timber Merchant do hereby declare the nature
of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING, BURNING, COOLING, OR
OTHERWISE TREATING BRICKS, TILES, PEAT, OR OTHER MATERIAL WORKED
SERIES AND IN APPARATUS OR PLANT THEREFOR" to be as follows:-
"
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IN
This invention was first designed for use in brick burning but the same plant
with but slight variations of detail will be found serviceable for drying peat, for
impregnating matters with gas or vapour, such as lime with chlorine, and generally
for purposes where articles have to be treated "in series."
I place a series of large tubular chambers on wheels open at each end. I also
construct a chimney with a flue opening at the height of and fitting the openings
in the tubular chambers. I also for drying purposes construct a furnace stationary
at one end of the train liereafter described, or on wheels, or in the case of its use
for chemical absorption a portable generator, or an adjustable delivery nozzle for
the gas or vapour to be absorbed. I will describe the apparatus as used for brick-
making. For cheapness sake I form my chambers of old boiler shells lined with fire
brick, set in fire clay, and make a flat bottom for a foot or two of fire clay, sand, or
other material, and then step it off in steps of 4, inches, holes are left in the top
for admission of slack. When in full operation, on the line of rails leading to the
chimney there is a line of these tubular chambers opening one into the other, the
last partially closed at the end, the first opening into the flue. Each of these
before being originally placed in position is loosely stacked with green bricks or
tiles as if it were a kiln.
In the last chamber or chambers burnt bricks are being cooled by the air
passing through it or them to support the combustion taking place in others
beyond, in the central chambers combustion is going on, slack or other fuel being
fed in at intervals through the holes in the top. In the first chamber or chambers
the bricks are being dried and heated by the products of combustion passing to the
chimney from the combustion zone, when the last chamber has parted with most of
[Price 6d1

page_text: its heat, it is taken from the series, emptied, loaded afresh with green bricks, and
in the mean time a freshly laden chamber of green bricks is placed first in the
series, the feeding with fuel of the last of the chambers where combustion is going
on is stopped, and it is allowed to cool by the air passing through it, and a
chamber previously being heated by the products of combustion is now supplied
with fuel to support combustion. If merely drying (as in the case of peat) be
required, the holes at the top can be stopped up-a furnace is placed at the end of
the row, and the gaseous product of combustion or even a strong current of air
preferably heated is passed through, chambers of dry peat are from time to time
taken away from the end next the furnace, and chambers of wet peat added to the
end next the chimney. In the case of impregnating substances with gas or vapour,
the gas or vapour generator or delivery pipe takes the place of the furnace. In all
cases the junctions between the various chambers are made practically air tight, by
means of clay or other luting.

page_text: Improvements in Drying, Burning, Cooling, or otherwise Treating
Bricks, Tiles, Peat, or other Materials Worked in Series, and
I WILLIAM WADE of Market Street, Crewe, in the county of Chester, Builder
and Timber Merchant do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRYING BURNING COOLING OR OTHERWISE TREATING BRICKS,
TILES, PEAT OR OTHER MATERIALS WORKED IN SERIES, AND IN APPARATUS OR
PLANT THEREFOR and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention was first designed for use in brick burning, but the same plant
with but slight variations of detail will be found serviceable for drying peat, for
impregnating matters with gas or vapour, such as lime with chlorine, and generally
for purposes where articles have to be treated in series.
It is best described by aid of the accompanying drawings: which are for the
most part from actual plant now at work at Crewe. In these drawings the various
figures have been named by the draughtsman and the scales given. These scales
if reproduced by the printer refer, to the original drawings, and not to the photo-
lithographs in the blue book. I wish however it to be distinctly understood that
I do not bind myself to only of these exact arrangements which are set forth to
illustrate my invention, as the plant can be widely varied in design to suit
circumstances without departing from the general principles herein set forth.
Referring to the drawings:
I place a series of large tubular chambers A on wheels open at each end, these are
formed in the present case of old boiler shells lined with brick, I also construct a
chimney B, with a flue C opening at the height of and fitting the openings in the
tubular chambers. I also for drying purposes sometimes construct a furnace not
shown in the drawings, stationary at one end of the train hereafter described, or on
wheels, or in the case of its use for chemical absorption a portable generator, or an
adjustable delivery nozzle for the gas or vapour to be absorbed. I will describe
the apparatus as used for brick making. For cheapness sake I form my chambers
of old boiler shells lined with fire brick set in fire clay and make a flat bottom E
for a foot or two of fire clay, sand, or other material, and then step it off in steps
of 4 inches. Holes are left in the top for admission of slack. When in full
operation on the line of rails leading to the chimney there is a line of these tubular
chambers opening one into the other, the last partially closed at the end, the first
opening into the flue. Each of these before being originally placed in position is
loosely stacked with green bricks or tiles as if it were a kiln.
In the last chamber or chambers, burnt bricks are being cooled by the air
passing through it or them to support the combustion taking place in others
beyond, in the central chambers combustion is going on, slack or other fuel being
fed in at intervals through the holes in the top. In the first chamber or chambers
the bricks are being dried or heated by the products of combustion passing to the
chimney from the combustion zone when the last chamber has parted with most of
its heat, it is taken from the series emptied, loaded afresh with green bricks, and

page_text: in the meantime a freshly laden chamber of green bricks is placed first in the series,
the feeding with fuel of the last chambers where combustion is going on is stopped,
and it is allowed to cool by the air passing through it, and a chamber previously
being heated by the products of combustion is now .supplied with fuel to support
combustion. If merely drying (as in the case of peat) be required, the holes at the
top can be stopped up, a furnace is placed at the end of the row, and the gaseous
product of combustion or even.a. strong current of air preferably heated is passed
through; chambers of dry peat are from time to time taken away from the end
next the furnace, and chambers of wet peat added to the end next the chimney.
In the case of impregnating substances with gas or vapour, the gas or vapour
generator or delivery pipe takes the place of the furnace. In all cases the junctions
between the various chambers are made specifically air tight, by means of clay or
other luting.
F is a transverser in a pit G and I usually have a second transverser F¹ in a
second pit G¹ at the other end of the rails; by these transversers wagons can be
brought from a parallel line of rails.
"
It will be seen from the foregoing that every part of my apparatus except the
rails and the chimney can be made portable and on wheels. I also sometimes make
the chimney itself with its bottom flue into which the chambers discharge of
wrought iron lined with fire brick or other lining and make it also portable and
on wheels so that the entire apparatus can be transported froin one place to another
as required.
"
JUM
Previous to my invention it has been customary to have long drying sheds almost
in the form of tunnels into which the wet bricks, were drawn in skeleton trucks
at one end and then extracted from the other when dry, and also in Hoffman and
other kilns a series of, chambers, have, been used in which the air first cools the
burnt bricks, getting heated in its turn then supports combustion, and then heats
the cold green bricks before escaping, but I make no claim for drying in tunnels or
for working in series broadly.
11.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st: The method substantially as herein described of drying, burning and cooling
or otherwise treating bricks, tiles, peat or other material worked in series, in
portable chambers arranged in series, the one chamber opening into the other and
worked in series, by removing the finished chambers from one end of the train,
emptying and recharging thein and connecting them with the other end of the
'train.
2ud. The portable chambers of square prismatic cylindrical, barrel shaped, or
other form having open ends fitting each other and with or without chimney flue
furnace or generator substantially as and for the purposes described.
3rd. The plant for drying, burning and cooling or otherwise treating, bricks, tiles,
'peat or other material worked in series constructed or arranged, substantially as
described.