Improvements in Rubbing Surfaces for Grain or Seed Cleaning, Rubbing, or Hulling Machines, or for like purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 9th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 11th Jan., 1896
Date of Application, on Mar., 1999
Complete Specification Left, 9th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 11th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rubbing Surfaces for Grain or Seed Cleaning,
Rubbing, or Hulling Machines, or for like purposes.
I JAMES MARSHALL of Britannia Iron Works Gainsborough in the County of
Lincoln Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has been
communicated to me from abroad by Hugo Graepel of Buda-Pest in the Kingdom
of Hungary Engineer). to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide rubbing surfaces which are readily and
economically made, which are efficient in use, and which will last a longer time
than will the rubbing surfaces hitherto provided which have usually consisted either
of woven wire or of metal plates from which projections are raised by a tool which.
breaks the metal and forces it up so as to project from the plates to which the
projecting portions are connected by one side only so that in action these projections.
soon get blunt or get bent back from their projecting position. The present.
invention overcomes these objections by providing the plate with projections from
one or both of its sides which remain so connected to the sheet that liability to
their being bent back is minimised or obviated whilst the operating edges instead.
of getting blunt in use become by use better adapted for their work so that the
rubbing surfaces are utilized to their utmost extent. With this object the projections
may be forced up from the sheet by pressing up the metal to form the projections,
so that two adjacent sides or edges are not separated from the plate I may for
example form the projections by pressing up short rib-like portions which are
separated from the plate at each side but remain attached thereto at their ends or
I may form the projections by pressing up portions so that one side or edge only.
is separated from the plate the other portion remaining attached to the plate and.
this may be of semi-circular or other suitable shape. When the projections are
in the form of short rib-like portions they may be arranged in parallel rows with
the ribs situated in rows in line with each other or so as to "break bond
alternate with each other and they may be made to project either from one or from
both sides of the plate so that in the latter case when one side becomes worn the
other side can be turned into position for use. Wires may be passed through
between the ribs and the body of the plate and perforations slots or holes can be
made through the body of the plate to afford ventilation or facility for the passage,
of dust or rubbed out seeds or the like. The projections may also be formed by
perforating the plate with plain holes and threading wire in and out of the holes
so as to form projections on each side of the plate. Where wires are passed through
they may be arranged parallel with each other or so that they are at an angle with,.
or cross, each other.
Dated this 8th day of March 1895.
"
or
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rubbing Surfaces for Grain or Seed Cleaning,
Rubbing, or Hulling Machines, or for like purposes.
I, JAMES MARSHALL of Britannia Iron Works, Gainsborough, in the County
of Lincoln, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (which has
been communicated to me from abroad by Hugo Graepel of Buda-Pest in the
Kingdom of Hungary, Engineer) and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement-
. The object of this invention is to provide rubbing surfaces which are readily and
economically made which are efficient in use, and which will last a longer time than
will the rubbing surfaces hitherto provided, which have usually consisted either of
woven wire, or of metal plates from which projections are raised by a tool which
breaks the metal and forces it up so as to project from the plates to which the
projecting portions are connected by one side only so that in action these projections
soon get blunt or get bent back from their projecting position. The present
invention overcomes these objections by providing the plate with projections (from
one, or both, of its sides) which remain so connected to the sheet that liability to
their being bent back is minimised, or obviated, whilst the operating edges, instead
of getting blunt in use, become, by use, better adapted for their work, so that the
rubbing surfaces are utilized to their utmost extent. With this object_the
projections may be forced up from the sheet by pressing up the metal to form
the projections so that two adjacent sides, or edges, are not separated from the
plate, I may for example form the projections by pressing up short rib-like portions
which are separated from the plate at each side but remain attached thereto at
their ends, or I may form the projections by pressing up portions so that one side,
or edge, only is separated from the plate the other portion remaining attached to
the plate, and this may be of semi-circular, or other suitable shape. When the
projections are in the form of short rib-like portions they may be arranged in
parallel rows with the ribs situated in rows in line with each other, or so as to
"break bond," or alternate with each other, and they may be made to project
either from one side, or from both sides, of the plate, so that, in the latter case,
when one side becomes worn the other side can be turned into position for use.
Wires may be passed through between the ribs and the body of the plate, and
perforations, slots, or holes, can be made through the body of the plate to afford
ventilation, or facility for the passage of dust, or rubbed out seeds, or the like.
The projections may also be formed by perforating the plate with plain holes and
threading wire in and out of the holes, so as to form projections on each side of
the plate. Where wires are passed through they may be arranged parallel with
each other, or so that they are at an angle with, or cross each other.
The accompanying drawings represent rubbing surfaces made according to this
invention under various modifications.
In the arrangements illustrated by Figures 1 to 27, I have shewn of each, a plan
and two sections at right angles to each other. In the remaining arrangements
I have shewn, of each, a plan and a section in one direction only.
Figures 1, 2 and 3, shew sheet iron with projections pressed therefrom so as to
have a sharp edge cut through at the one straight edge, the other portions remaining
attached to the sheet iron. If the material to be acted upon pass over the rubbing
surface G in the direction of the arrow A, it cannot get damaged as it never strikes
against the sharp edges, whilst, if it pass over the rubbing surface in the direction
of the arrow B, the effect of the rubbing surface will of course be greater.
Figures 4, 5 and 6 shew the same arrangement with perforations through the
sheet iron between the projections.

page_text: Figures 7, 8 and 9 show the same arrangement as in Figures 1, 2 and 3 with the
ribs pressed through to both sides of the sheet iron, so that the sheet iron can be
reversed, and thus be further utilized again when one side becomes worn.
Figures 10, 11 and 12 shew the same arrangement with perforations between the
projections.
Figures 13, 14 and 15 shew sheet iron with ribs lying parallel to each
other, the one projecting on one side of the sheet iron, and the other on the other
side, these ribs being detached from the plate at their two opposite sides but
remaining attached thereto at their two opposite ends.
Figures 16, 17 and 18 shew the same arrangement with holes between the
projecting ribs.
Figures 19, 20 and 21 shew sheet iron with the ribs arranged so as to be placed
alternately, or to break bond," and Figures 22, 23 and 24 shew a similar
arrangement perforated between the projecting ribs. The ribs, or projections need
not necessarily have the precise shapes shewn in the drawings.
In Figures 25 to 35 I shew perforated, or ribbed, sheet iron with wire passed
through the holes, or under, or between, the ribs, which wires can be easily replaced
when worn.
This makes a very cheap and effective rubbing surface. This can be
done in different ways for example:
Figures 25, 26 and 27 shew perforated sheet iron with wires drawn through..
The wires may be drawn through all of the perforations, or only through some of
them as shewn.
Figures 28 and 29 shew sheet iron with ribs lying side by side in rows and
alternately bent from reverse sides of the sheet iron with wires drawn through.
Figures 30 and 31 shew sheet iron with ribs placed side by side and projecting
from one side of the sheet iron only, with wires drawn through, and having also
perforations as shewn.
Figures 32 and 33 shew a similar sheet iron with the ribs projecting from one
side of the sheet iron only, and arranged to "break bond," and with wires.
drawn through.
Figures 34 and 35 shew sheet iron with ribs similarly arranged but projecting
from both sides of the sheet iron, and with wires drawn through.
The wires can be arranged as shewn, or, in some cases, so that they cross each
other if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what.
1 claim is :-
:-
1. Rubbing plates, or surfaces, for the purposes mentioned, having projections,
or ribs, pressed from them, so that two adjacent sides are not detached from the
plate, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. Rubbing plates, or surfaces, for the purposes mentioned having projections,
or ribs, pressed from the plates as described and claimed, and with perforations
through the plates between the projections, or ribs, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
3. Rubbing plates, or surfaces, for the purposes mentioned having projections,
or ribs, pressed from them as described, and claimed, but projecting from both
sides of the plate, so that where there is a projection, or a rib, on one side, there
is a hollow on the other side; substantially as herein before described.
4. Rubbing plates, or surfaces, for the purposes mentioned formed of perforated
sheet iron with wires passed through the perforations, or beneath, or between the
ribs; substantially as herein before described.
5. The several rubbing surfaces made as hereinbefore described, and severally
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 0th day of Dounashar 1402