matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING POWER FROM STEAM, AND IN ENGINES AND APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1858

page_text: the application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Alfred Cowper- at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
28th July 1858.
I, EDWARD ALFRED COWPER, of Great George Street, Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GENERATING POWER FROM STEAM, AND IN ENGINES AND
APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
In employing superheated steam at high temperatures in steam engines,
great inconvenience arises from the great friction and abrasion of the piston
and cylinder, owing to the dryness of the surfaces. The high temperature of
the steam chars and destroys oil or grease, if introduced to lubricate the
surfaces. It is therefore difficult or impossible to employ superheated steam
at high temperatures in steam engines of the ordinary construction.
By my Invention I cool the cylinder, or piston, or both, by a current
of water, or other artificial means, to such an extent as to condense a
sufficient quantity of the steam to keep the surfaces damp or wet, or to
keep them sufficiently cool to prevent abrasion, and I am thus enabled to
employ superheated steam of high temperature. One mode of constructing
the engine consists in surrounding the cylinder with a jacket or casing,
through which the feed water passes for the supply of the boiler; or a

page_text: separate current of water, or of air, or steam or other fluid, at a low temperature,
may be conveyed through this jacket to cool the cylinder. Or the jacket may
be filled or partially filled with water or other suitable liquid which will be
gradually evaporated by the heat passing through the cylinder; the steam or
vapour from the jacket may pass into the atmosphere or into a boiler or into a
condenser. The jacket may be a simple casing or a coil of pipes. The ends
of the cylinder may be kept hot or made without a jacket as they are not
subject to abrasion. The cooling appliances may be applied to the piston if
desired; casings and non-conductors may also be applied to the piston and
cylinder. The steam may be admitted through perforated plates or wire
gauze to prevent it from circulating about in the cylinder and becoming
unnecessarily cooled. I superheat the steam by passing it through pipes in a
fire or flue in the same or in the opposite direction to the products of com-
bustion, or by other known means, or by means of regenerators as described in
the Specification of certain Letters Patent granted to me on or about the
Nineteenth day of May 1857.
AN IMPROVED KNEE CAP
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th March 1858.-A communication from Louis Le Febvre.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E. C., Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED KNEE CAP," (communicated to me by Louis Le Febvre,
a foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing knee caps in caoutchouc, gutta
percha, or some other elastic material or fabric, with a hollow at the back to
allow of the play of the joint, and with a padding in front to prevent injury
from a fall or otherwise, or from kneeling. When the knee cap is made of
caoutchouc or gutta percha, alone or combined, perforations should be made
in it for the purpose of ventilation. The cap may be formed in one continuous
piece and drawn on into its place over the knee joint, or it may be made to
fasten by hooks and eyes, buckles, or by a lacing.
AN ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Pickering at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th Sep-
tember 1858.
I, PETER PICKERING, of Danzig, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Landed
Proprietor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE," to be as follows:-
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, cylinders 18 feet long or high and 3 feet diameter, so that
the surface of each piston has 1,296 square inches acting with an atmospheric
pressure of 15 lbs. to the square inch, causes a pressure of 19,440 lbs. to each
cylinder, (saying nothing of fricktion, which will be accounted for later; 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, pistons of each cylinder, as they must be placed when the engine
begins to work; 6, 7, 8, 9, causing a vacuum under each piston (as they have
for the first time been brought into their present situation by main force,)
afterwards when the engine is permitted to start, they will regulate themselves;
No. 10 lays flat on the bottom of the cylinder; 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, piston
rods acting on shaft No. 16; 17, wheel to communicate the engine's power
to the machinery of the engine itself; 18, wheel to communicate the engine's
power to the wheel or propelling screw of a ship, manufactory, locomotive, &c.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC TRUNKS, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES FOR PROPERTY
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Leadbetter and George
Terry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 20th April 1858.
We, JAMES LEADBETTER, of Leeds, in the County of York, Brazier, and
GEORGE TERRY, of the same Place, Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC
TRUNKS, AND OTHER RECEPTACLES FOR PROPERTY," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to manufacture cheap and durable travelling
trunks or boxes of sheet metal, and to render their lids capable of resisting
great pressure, and the rough treatment which they may be expected to
encounter during their conveyance from place to place. In order to give
additional strength to the lids or covers of such trunks without adding mate-
rially to their weight, we form on the under side of the arched or other shaped :
roof, and in the direction of its length, ribs or flanges, by doubling the metal.
back upon itself. The lid may have any required number of such ribs
according to the strength required to be imparted thereto, and the ends of-the
lid being applied in the usual way a very stiff structure will result; or the
lid may be made of several pieces, their edges being doubled down, and then
turned down a second time to secure the pieces together, and produce very
stiff ribs or seams. When the ribs project far into the box, it may be con-
venient to hinge to the lid an inner cover, which will fasten by a bolt, for the

page_text: purpose of covering in the ribs, and there will thereby be formed a convenient
separate receptacle for small articles. To produce a bead or projection on
which the lid is to close, we bend out the plates which are to constitute the
sides and ends of the box at their upper edges, so as to form a recess on their
inner, and a square shoulder on their outer face, and we fit in an angle piece to
complete the continuity of the shoulder. By this means considerable stiffness is
added to the body of the box. To increase the security of this class of trunks,
we propose in addition to a simple lock, to apply a spring catch or catches
thereto, which will hold down the lid when the bolt of the lock is thrown
back. A spring catch may be arranged so as to be forced out of action by
pressing on the staple over which the hasp on the box lid fits, or the spring
catch or catches may be released 'from their 'hold by a second key used to
press on the pin of the lock after the bolt has been thrown back by the
action of the ordinary key.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS, WATCHES, CHRONOMETERS, AND OTHER TIMEPIECES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Lewthwaite and George
Ambler at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 28th September 1858.
We, EDWIN LEWTHWAITE, of Halifax, in the County of York, Clock and
Watch Maker, and GEORGE AMBLER, of Queen's Head, near Halifax, aforesaid,
Clock and Watch Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS, WATCHES, CHRONOMETERS, AND OTHER TIMEPIECES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to the escapement, and consists in dispensing
with the "pallet wheel" now used, and substituting in lieu thereof a "pro-
peller" made of metal, stone, or other suitable material, formed with one or
more very short arms, pins, or radii which act upon the pallet as a "dead
beat," or otherwise. By this improvement we avoid to a great extent the
variations in time caused by the changes of temperature expanding and con-
tracting the pallet wheel.
Secondly, to the fusee, and consists in having the driver or first motion
wheel formed with inverted cogs or teeth in addition to the cogs or teeth now
thereon, such wheel to be loose upon the axis or spindle of the fusee, and
gearing with a small pinion working on a stud attached to the fusee, which
gears with a pinion affixed on the axis or spindle. By this means power or
continuous action is maintained whilst winding up.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacobus Tyssen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd December
1858.
I, JACOBUS TYSSEN, of Rotterdam, in the Kingdom of Holland, Mariner,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OBTAINING AND APPLYING MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in obtaining and applying motive power, applicable
to the driving of vessels, locomotive engines, land engines, and all other
descriptions of motive power engines, by means of compressed air and water
combined and made to act upon a wheel enclosed in a case to prevent the
water escaping before it has produced its effect. The compression of the air
and water is effected in an air-tight vessel by the aid of force pumps or otherwise.
In cases where the motive power thus obtained is not sufficient to work the
pumps, a supplementary steam boiler and donkey engine are combined with
my apparatus for that purpose.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR WINDING CLOCKS, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE AS A MOTOR FOR ALL MACHINERY USUALLY TURNED BY HAND, HORSE, OR OTHER POWER, AND FOR PREVENTING THE DESCENT OF SMOKE INTO CHAMBEES OR OTHER PLACES
Year: 1858

page_text: the application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Dold at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th May
1858.
I, ALEXANDER DOLD, of Chatham, in the County of Kent, Clockmaker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
WINDING CLOCKS, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE AS A MOTOR FOR ALL
MACHINERY USUALLY TURNED BY HAND, HORSE, OR OTHER POWER, AND FOR
PREVENTING THE DESCENT OF SMOKE INTO CHAMBEES OR OTHER PLACES," to be as
follows:-
On an upright hollow shaft, the upper end of which shall be in the open
air, I fix a horizontal circular plate at any convenient distance; above this a
ring is placed, and over the ring a dome. Vertical bars or plates (working
diagonally) pass from the circular horizontal plate to the ring supporting it,
being sustained thereby. These plates are so arranged, as to allow a greater
or lesser quantity of air to pass through them to act on fliers. A rod
passes through the hollow shaft and circular plate; on the top portion of this,
and between the plate and ring aforesaid, certain volants or fliers are attached.
The wind, in whatever quarter it may be, passes through the diagonal vertical
plates, impinges on the volants, and having turned the rod, passes out, the rod
thus rotating works into a gearing (according to the purposes required), and

page_text: communicates motion thereto. As the force of wind might turn the rod too
rapidly, if not prevented by an arrangement for closing or partially closing the
vertical plates, I regulate the supply. For preventing the descent of smoke,
the hollow shaft is dispensed with, and instead of a bottom circular plate, a
ring only should be used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA- BATUS FOR SUPPLYING COALS TO STOVES AND FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Juckes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd March 1858.
I, JOHN JUCKES, of Dame Street, Wharf Road, City Road, Islington, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
BATUS FOR SUPPLYING COALS TO STOVES AND FIRE-PLACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for supplying
coals to stoves and fire-places. For these purposes the bottom of the fire-place
or stove is made capable of sliding out horizontally from below the fire, and of
moving on necks or axes at the front, so that it may be caused to assume an
inclined position when away from the fire. The bottom of the fire-place may be
solid or formed of fire bars, or otherwise suitable for the passage of air through
it. The bottom is mounted on a sliding frame, the back of which when the frame
is slided forward comes under the ignited fuel in the fire-place, and supports
it, whilst the bottom of the fire-place is moved out horizontally from under the
fuel in the fire-place. When the frame has been slided out, the bottom of the
fire-place is caused to assume an inclined position, and a quantity of coals is
placed above the inclined bottom, the frame is then slided back, and the
bottom of the fire-place is again raised into a horizontal position, by which the

page_text: fresh coals are raised up under the ignited fuel above. To facilitate the
rising of the fresh coal there is a curved plate fixed below the sliding frame,
the curvature of which corresponds with the radius of the moveable bottom of
the stove or fire-place.
A NEW COMPOUND METAL, WHICH WE TERM LUTETIA METAL
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Mariel Gripon Deschamps and
Antoine Joseph Quinche at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 15th November 1858.
We, MARIEL GRIPON DESCHAMPS and ANTOINE JOSEPH QUINCHÈ, of 40,
Rue Beaubourg, Paris, and of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Metallurgists and Jewellers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "A NEW COMPOUND METAL, WHICH WE TERM LUTETIA METAL," to be
as follows:-
Our Invention of a new compound metal
Superior, in America, zinc, nickel, and silver.
the following proportions:-
Of copper
zinc
nickel
silver
consists of copper from Lake
We combine these metals in
26+ lbs. Troy.
4 39
"
12 oz. 16 dwt.
19+ dwt.
Having melted the copper and nickel together, we then add the silver, and
lastly the zinc. After well stirring them together we pour them in ingots.
ready for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TELEGRAPHIC CABLES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir Edward Belcher at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st October
1858.
I, Sir EDWARD BELCHER, of 40, Charing Cross, do hereby declare the
nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TELEGRAPHIC
CABLES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
telegraphic cables. For this purpose the interior conducting wire or wires of
the cable are first covered with beads of glass, porcelain, bitumen, resin,
or other suitable non-conducting material; the wires so covered are then
passed through a fluid cement of resin or other non-conducting material, and
are then immediately covered with a tube of gutta percha, so as to retain the
non-conducting cement in a fluid state within the tube of gutta percha. The
tube of gutta percha may then be surrounded with animal or fish glue, and
then by a coating of wire in the ordinary manner.
AN APPARATUS FOR SUDDENLY DETACHING RAILWAY CARRIAGES OR WAGGONS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Osborne and Robert
Alexander Bell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 14th April 1858.
We, THOMAS OSBORNE and ROBERT ALEXANDER BELL, both of Derby, in the
County of Derbyshire, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN APPARATUS FOR SUDDENLY DETACHING RAILWAY CARRIAGES OR
WAGGONS," to be as follows, that is to say:-
The apparatus consists of a shaft running under each carriage or waggon
(supported by any convenient means) which communicates with levers, so con-
trived as to act in the required manner upon a pin working in a slot in the
guide. This pin when in position comes under the link of the coupling chain
on the draw hook, and in its turn acts upon it. The said shaft is worked by
a handle, which, when pressed down, causes the pin to ascend in the slot in
the guide by means of the aforesaid mechanism, whereby the link of the chain
on the draw hook is pushed off.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Cliff at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th July 1858.
I, JOHN CLIFF, of the Imperial Potteries, Lambeth, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the manufacture of soap from soap suds,
scourings, and other greasy waters from woollen or other mills, the same
being effected in the following manner :-I propose collecting the suds or
scourings in suitable vessels, and by the process of boiling for a certain
length of time, to recover the grease or oil contained therein, from which I
manufacture soap in the ordinary manner.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Henry Marsden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
June 1858.
I, JOSEPH HENRY MARSDEN, of the City of Manchester, Hat Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS," to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in manufacturing hats with a body
formed of straw, grass, chip, palm leaf, or other similar material, and a brim
made of felt or of gossamer, or other suitable material. By this combination
hats combining great durability with lightness may be produced.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR CONTRIVANCE FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO BUILDINGS AND DWELLING HOUSES FOR SANITARY PURPOSES, AND FOR THE EXTINCTION OF FIRE
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John McDermid and Joseph
McDermid at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 15th February 1858.
We, JOHN MODERMID and JOSEPH MODERMID, both of Oak Tree, Middleton
One Row, near Darlington, in the County of Durham, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS OR CONTRIVANCE FOR
SUPPLYING WATER TO BUILDINGS AND DWELLING HOUSES FOR SANITARY PURPOSES,
AND FOR THE EXTINCTION OF FIRE," to be as follows:-
This Invention comprises the under-mentioned improvements, which may
be used either separately from each other, or in any combination, as may be
desired, that is to say, we retain the rain water falling upon the tops of houses
and buildings in cisterns or reservoirs resting upon the front and back walls,
and upon the other parts of the roof, if deemed requisite, so as to obtain a
supply of water direct from the clouds, and free from the contamination of
the ordinary channels employed for conveying it to pumps, &c., &c. And' in
order to render such water the more pure and fit for family use, we pass so
much of it as may be required through one or more filters into a cistern
situate in one of the uppermost rooms or other convenient place, from which,
by means of pipes and taps, it may be conducted to any desired room or
portion of the house. And in order to prevent or-lessen contamination from

page_text: smoke or soot, we propose employing tubes of sheet iron passing along the
tops of the houses, formed so that the under part may fit like saddles across
them, such tubes communicating with one or more high chimney shafts of
sufficient dimensions to convey away the smoke and vitiated air, and also any
other noxious vapours, as it is also further intended to connect the tops of the
drains with the said tubes by pipes passing down outside the houses from the
said tubes to the drains. And in some cases it may be desirable to employ
a smoke-jack or fan, driven by steam or wind, or otherwise, to create or
increase the velocity of the desired current. And it is also intended to
furnish or fit up the said houses or buildings with pipes from the bottoms
of the before-mentioned reservoirs, descending to the top of the doors or other
convenient positions, and with tubes or hose which may be screwed on to the
lower ends of such pipes, so as to extend the water supply to any parts of
the said houses or buildings, and render the same available for the purpose
of extinguishing fire if and when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF FLUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st October 1858.-A communication from P. J. Guyet, of Paris.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, E.C., Editor of the "Mechanics' Magazine," and Patent Agent, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE SUPPLY OF FLUIDS," (a communication from
P. J. Guyet, of Paris,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to cocks or valves for supplying water, steam, and
other fluids to cylinders, gauges, pipes, and other vessels from which it is
desirable to allow the contained fluid to escape when the supply is cut off; and
the Invention consists in employing an eccentric cock or valve with two or more
faces, which bear alternately against vulcanized india-rubber seats, when the
spindle of the eccentric is turned, in such manner that when the supply port
or passage is open, an escape port or passage is closed, and vice versa. The
spindle is packed with compressed vulcanized india-rubber, and the cock or
valve seats, together with the packings of all other outlets and inlets to the
body of the apparatus, by preference consist of blocks of vulcanized india-
rubber, compressed by bolts or screws. The spindle of the cock or valve may
be turned by any suitable means, and apparatuses constructed as before
described may be applied to gauges, water pillars, hydraulic cranes, and for
various other purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING FABRICS FOR LADIES' DRESSES AND PETTICOATS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st January,
1858.
I, JOHN HENRY, of Friday Street, in the City of London, and Buchanan
Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAVING FABRICS FOR LADIES'
DRESSES AND PETTICOATS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in weaving fabrics for petticoats and dresses
consists in weaving fabrics with casings or tubes into which strips of steel,
whalebone, or cane are inserted, in order to stiffen such fabrics and render
them elastic, such casings being woven continuously and alternately with the
other part of the fabric, and formed of two substances of woven fabric which
perfectly enclose the stiffening elastic material.
The steel; whalebone, or cane may be introduced at the time of weaving
such casings or tubes, or the tubes may be formed in the weaving, and the
steel, whalebone, or cane afterwards introduced.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BALL AND BULLET-PROOF SHIELDS OR MANTLETS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sir Charles Shaw at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th November
1858.
I, Sir CHARLES SHAW, of Old Cavendish Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Brigadier-General, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BALL AND BULLET-PROOF SHIELDS OR
MANTLETS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing mantlets or shields of alternate layers
of wire netting or gauze, or metal cloth, or metal rods or bars worked and
tied together, and hair, leather, cotton waste, tow, or other fibrous material.
When for the protection of ships, I arrange the metal bars or other
materials of which the shield is formed, in such manner that when not
required for the purpose of defence, they may be readily removed and stowed
in-board.
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF WORKING STAMPS USED FOR STAMPING OR RAISING METALS AND OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Rawlins and John Briden
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 21st January 1858.
We, EDWARD RAWLINS, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, and JOHN BRIDEN, of Aston-juxta-Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF WORKING STAMPS USED FOR STAMPING OR
RAISING METALS AND OTHER SUCH LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our said Invention consists of the method herein-after explained of raising
the ram or hammer of stamps. The ram or hammer is attached to a band
which passes over a pulley, a continuous rotatory motion being communicated
to the said pulley by steam or other power. The said pulley is constructed as
follows: A series of holes are cut in the periphery of the said pulley, and in
each of the said holes a roller is situated. The said rollers project from the
periphery of the pulley, but being supported upon springs are capable of
yielding and sinking to the surface of the pulley when pressed upon. When
the band of the ram or hammer hangs loosely over the said pulley, the said
pulley rotates under the said band without communicating motion to it, the
rollers preventing the band from coming into such close contact with the
pulley as is necessary to make the said pulley "bite" and move the barrel; but
when the workman pulls the loose end of the band the rollers are pressed
upon and sinking into the pulley the said pulley immediately "bites" the
band and communicates motion to it and raises the ram or hammer. When

page_text: the said ram or hammer has been raised to a sufficient height the workman
looses the band, when the rollers, no longer pressed upon, raise the band from
off the pulley, and the ram or hammer falls. The workman has thus only
to pull the loose end of the band to raise the hammer of the stamp, and to
loose it and allow the hammer to fall.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES TO ENSURE SAFETY IN TRAVELLING
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Wood Bancroft at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
April 1858.
I, GEORGE WOOD BANCROFT, of Bow Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERTAIN PARTS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES TO ENSURE
SAFETY IN TRAVELLING," to be as follows:-
My said improvements relate to the prevention of accidents in railway travel-
ling by ensuring the connecting of the several vehicles of a railway train, by
providing ready means of communication between the guard, engine driver, and
passengers, and by applying peculiarly constructed breaks to each carriage.
The apparatus I affix to the ends of carriages for attaching the several
vehicles consists of a metal box open at one end, and having at top a fixed or
moveable cylinder slotted at one side, through which a lever works on a short
axis within the cylinder. The connection between the boxes of two carriages
abutting on each other is made by placing within the end opening of each box
a grooved metal plug, such plugs being coupled in pairs by chains of suitable
length; the lever is then raised vertical, causing its lower end to enter the
groove in the plug and prevent its withdrawal.
Within each carriage immediately under the roof and passing out before

page_text: and behind between small pulleys, I affix a leather strap and support it by
small hangers, or otherwise employ wire, cord, or like means for the same
purpose, and attach to the external ends of each strap, or substitute for straps,
a metal spring catch capable of quick adjustment, so as to attach the straps or
lines of the several carriages throughout a train, and thereby effect a con-
tinuous line of communication, and at each end of the train the alarm may be
given by bells, gongs; firing gunpowder, lanterns, or other suitably arranged
signals.
For the speedy and effective stopping of trains I supply each carriage with
break blocks fitting on the top edge of the wheels, and connected in pairs with
a horizontal shaft, worked from above by one or more vertical racks 'operated
by side levers and short racked levers, worked from underneath the carriages
by means of jointed connecting rods so arranged as to be under the direction
of the guard.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZES FOR SIZEING COTTON, LINEN, OR OTHER WARPS OR YARNS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Nuttall, George Riding,
and William Coulthurst at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 25th November 1858.
We, JAMES NUTTALL, Beer Retailer, Old Accrington, GEORGE RIDING, of
Clayton-le-Moors, Medical Botanist, and WILLIAM COULTHURST, Chemist, Old
Accrington, all in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZES FOR SIZEING COTTON, LINEN,
OR OTHER WARPS OR YARNS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use of a peculiar size or composition for
sizeing cotton, linen, or other warps or yarns for weaving. The said size or
composition is made from the following ingredients, and the following pro-
portions are preferred, namely, China clay, one hundred pounds; or Spanish
white, one hundred pounds; together with muriate of soda or common salt,
fifty-six pounds; alum, fifty-six pounds; or nitrate of soda, six pounds; and
farina, twenty pounds (if about twenty pounds of flour be also used therewith);
or farina, forty pounds, if flour is not desired to be used.
It is proposed to manufacture the size, either as a liquid or as a powder, as
required, and one or more of the above-mentioned ingredients may be used,
either separately or together with any other of the said ingredients, as may
be desired for the peculiar consistency of the sizes required for sizeing cotton,
linen, or other warps or yarns for weaving.
IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE PURIFICATION OF CRUDE TAR OIL, RENDERING THE SAME SUITABLE FOR LUBRICATING MACHINERY, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: (This Invention received Provisional Protection, but notice to proceed with the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Metcalf at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th February
1858.
I, THOMAS METCALF, of Newton Heath, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE PURIFICATION OF CRUDE TAR OIL, RENDERING
THE SAME SUITABLE FOR LUBRICATING MACHINERY, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of separating the light hydrocarbons and black
carbonaceous particles from the crude tar oil, thus rendering the crude tar oil
so purified fit for lubricating machinery and similar purposes.
I accomplish the said object by the distillation and digestion of the crude
tar oil with the siliceous earths, lime, alkalies, and mineral or vegetable acids,
combined or separate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Jackson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th March
1858.
I, RICHARD JACKSON, of Calder Vale, Garstang, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that description of spinning machinery known as the
"self-acting mule," and is particularly applicable to that machine called
"Smith's mule," in which "mangle. gearing" is employed, but it is equally
applicable to other "mules," wherein any equivalent gearing is used.
The improvement consists in substituting a pair of cone pulleys for the
ordinary even surface driving pulleys, one upon the "mangle" or other
equivalent shaft, and the other upon the "run shaft," and in so arranging the
apparatus that the same rod which puts down the "fallers" may move the
driving strap from the larger diameter to the smaller of the cone pulley upon
the "mangle shaft," and so cause the spindle carriage to "run in" a "put up "-
at an increased speed.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Wilson Carter and John
Dodsworth Abrams at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 29th December 1858.
We, EDWARD WILSON CARTER, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Cutler, and JOHN DODSWORTH ABRAMS, of the same Place, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to that description of sewing machines in which
shuttles are employed and known as "shuttle machines," and consists, first, in
the novel employment, application, and use of two springs, one at each side
of the shuttle, instead of only one, as hitherto used, for the purpose of slightly
confining the shuttle in its "race." Secondly, in the novel application
of a spring or springs within the shuttle "carriage" or arm, to keep the
shuttle in contact with the "race" or guide; and also in the employment of
two or more springs on the under surface of the covers or plates covering the
"race," to press upon the top of the shuttle, the entire combination or separate
use of such springs being for the purpose of preventing the vibrations of and
steadying the shuttle in its "race," whereby a more equal and regular motion
of such shuttle, and a consequent more even tension of the thread, is obtained.
Lastly, the improvement consists in the employment and use of a circularly
curved "race' or guide of the shuttle, for causing the shuttle to move in a
circular direction.
AN IMPROVED CULTIVATOR TOOTH FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Stettinius Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th April 1858.-A communication from Peter Hannay, of Washington
City, America.
I, WILLIAM STETTINIUS CLARK, of the Atlas Works, Upper Park Place,
Dorset Square, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CULTIVATOR TOOTH FOR AGRICULTURAL
PURPOSES," a communication from Peter Hannay, of Washington City, America,
to be as follows:-
The improvements consist in forming a sheet metal cultivator tooth with a
hollow shank, upon which a screw thread is cut, by means of which it can be
fastened to the frame by a nut, the shank for this purpose being passed through
a mortise formed in the frame of the machine. In forming the tooth, it is
first cut out of a sheet of metal and then swaged into shape, and the shank
bent into cylindrical form and a screw thread cut upon it, when the operation
is completed.
A METHOD OF PREPARING TIN FOIL OR LEAF, IN ORDER TO ITS EMPLOYMENT AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR SILVER LEAF
Year: 1858

page_text: This Invention received Provisional Protection, out notice proceca
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adam Cyrus Engert at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th May
1858. A communication.
I, ADAM CYRUS ENGERT, of the City Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
METHOD OF PREPARING TIN FOIL OR LEAF, IN ORDER TO ITS EMPLOYMENT AS A
SUBSTITUTE FOR SILVER LEAF," (communicated to me by a foreigner residing
abroad) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in preparing tin foil, by mixing with the metal, before
being rolled out into leaf or foil, borax and nitrate of potass; or in coating the
tin foil or leaf after being produced in that state with a solution of borax and
nitrate of potass.
AN IM- PROVED PETTICOAT AND-RUSTLE
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Fréderic Vasserot at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th November 1858.-A communication from Alexandre Braconnier,
residing at Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES FREDERIC VASSEROT, of 45, Essex Street, Strand, London,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED PETTICOAT AND-RUSTLE," (a communication from Alexandre Braconnier,
residing at Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows, and consists in
forming a frame in the shape of a fan, the articulations or ribs of which are
O made of steel bands, suitably covered; the upper part of these ribs is bent in
the shape of a spring tong, ending with a straight band, likewise covered, the
end of which reaches the bottom of the petticoat. The upper part of the
tongs is fastened at the waist by means of a moveable loop tied to the steel
band, so as to allow it to be lengthened or shortened at will. The open part
5 of the frame is placed in front, and the whole being covered with suitable
materials fastens in front with buttons. The bustle which forms part of the
frame is fixed underneath the ribs; it is composed of two circles of different
sizes, kept together at a suitable distance by means of steel bands.
IMPROVEMENTS IN REEFING OR FURLING SAILS FROM THE DECK OP VESSELS
Year: 1858

page_text: This invention receivea Irovisional Irotection, out notice to proceed win the
application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Stettinius Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th August 1858.-A communication from Louis B. Wakeman, of the
City of Baltimore, United States.
I, WILLIAM STETTINIUS CLARK, of Banbury, in the County of Oxford, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REEFING OR FURLING SAILS FROM THE DECK OP VESSELS," (a communication,) to
be as follows:-
In my method of reefing and furling sails, no extra weight or additional
spar is requisite, as the sail or sheet is rolled around the usual spar employed
(in the common rig) in a simple and effectual manner, while the studding sail
booms are made to subserve the additional purpose of a chafeing bar in
protecting the recfed sail from chafe on the shrouds. The following is a
description of the Drawings:-A represents the mast of a vessel; B, the lower
yard, which is slung in the usual manner; C, the topsail yard, provided at its
ends with swiveling bands a, a, each band provided with projecting arms for
carrying small blocks, through which the windlass ropes d, d, pass to the mast
and thence to the deck of the vessel and windlass; this swivel band is provided
with an arm e, at right angles to b, forming a boom iron, through which the
boom D passes that carries the studding sails; said beams are furnished on
their inner ends with drop hooks for entering eyes made in the truss bands,
when the booms are slid in, and then the two booms serve the purpose, and

page_text: form a chafeing bar. The yard C is supported by a smooth-faced clamp,
which also forms the truss band surrounding the mast. The lower part E' of
the clamp forms one half of said truss band, while the projecting portion
thereof passes upwards, and forms a socket in which the yard may lie. The
upper portion E of the clamp nearly completes the encircling of the yard; and
it is attached to the lower jaw of the clamp by a screw bolt and nut. The
after portion of the band is bolted to the above-described portion E¹, thus
forming a truss embracing the mast, and also a clamp encircling the yard.
The screw bolt extends above the clamp, and being forked, carries the two
blocks through which the rolling halyards pass as they are wound or unwound
upon the yard in furling or unfurling the sail.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING BREWERS' AND DISTILLERS' WORTS AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Long at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th July 1858.
I, JAMES LONG, of Little Tower Street, in the City of London, Philosophical
Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COOLING BREWERS' AND DISTILLERS' WORTS AND OTHER
LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in placing within the vessel in which the worts or
other liquids are to be cooled, two longitudinal battens or partitions covered
by canvas, cloth, or other fabric or material, the said battens or partitions
stopping short of the ends of the vessel; and in blowing air, by means of any
suitable fan or blower, in upon the worts or other liquids below the canvas or
other cover, in such manner that the said worts or other liquids shall be caused
by the blast to flow between the battens or partitions towards the end of the
containing vessel, and passing round the ends of the battens or partitions,
return outside of them, again entering between them to undergo the cooling
action of the blast.
A continuous circulation and cooling of the liquids may thus be kept up as
long as may be desirable.
If the canvas covering be not kept wet by the spray blown up from the
liquid by the blast, it is desirable to keep it wet by means of jets of the liquid,
applied by means of a pump or otherwise.

page_text: The ends of the vessel may be formed or fitted with curved corners to
facilitate the circulation of the liquid. The fan or blower may be of any
suitable description, and I prefer to supply it with air through pipes or other
passages leading from any cool and convenient situation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE BOATS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER BOATS
Year: 1858

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Duke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th September
1858.
I, JAMES DUKE, Shipbuilder, of Dover, in the County of Kent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE BOATS,
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER BOATS," to be as follows:-
My improvements in boats are of such a nature that all the water shipped
by a boat, even to the extent of her utmost capacity, will be discharged in a
few seconds, without the use of plugs, valves, floating cavities, or other such
contrivances dangerous to the safety of the boat; she is likewise so constructed
that she cannot upset, having two fore & aft spaces or cavities into which
the external water has access by channels through the bottom of the boat;
this enclosed body of water acts as ballast and prevents the possibility of
capsizing. The water shipped by the boat finds passage through suitable
channels into the cavities or spaces before mentioned, and thence into the sea
by the openings of communication therewith.
I construct my improved boats with external & internal bodies, applying to
one or both bodies a peculiar arrangement of double planking, which renders
them light & strong, with a saving in cost & material, and being formed
somewhat on the lines of the boat known as the gig they are easily manage-
able in boisterous weather, or in a heavy sea.
Boats constructed according to my Invention may be specially adapted for
life boats, or boats may be so constructed for ordinary ship's use, being equally
adapted for sailing ships as for the quarter & other boats of steam vessels.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PIERCING OF TUNNELS
Year: 1858

page_text: application for Letters Patent was not given within the time prescribed
by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine François Mennons
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th March 1858.-A communication.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France, and 4, South
Street, Finsbury, London, E.C., do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PIERCING OF TUNNELS," to be as follows:-
The Invention communicated to me relates to a new method of removing
rock or other earthwork for piercing or forming tunnels, and consists in
forming a man-hole at the axis of the tunnel, which hole when it has attained
a certain length is mined with gunpowder in order to blow up the earth to
form the first arch. A number of arches are formed in this manner gradually
varying in size; when the arch forming the entrance of the tunnel is made
of the required dimensions it is then built up with masonry in the ordinary
The loose earth may be removed from the man-hole by waggons
running on a tramway.
Figure 1 of the annexed Drawing represents a side, and Figure 2 an end
view of the mode of forming the tunnel. e, man-hole; b, section of masonry
arch; c, rock.