AN IMPROVED METHOD OF COOLING LIQUIDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE COOLING OF WORT." LIQUIDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE COOLING OF WORT." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Millns, of Poole, in the County of Dorset,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF COOLING
LIQUIDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE COOLING OF WORT."
LIQUIDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE COOLING OF WORT."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Millns at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
November 1864.
I, FRANCIS MILLNS, of Poole, in the County of Dorset, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF COOLING LIQUIDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE COOLING OF WORT," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to cool down hot liquors from 212°
Fahrenheit to 60° Fahrenheit or less, however high the temperature of the
atmosphere may be, in from, say, thirty to sixty minutes.
I throw by force a continuous streain of cold air upon or through the hot
liquor, propelled by fan blasts driven at a very rapid speed by steam, horse, or
manual power, issuing from pipes, jets, discs, or distributors of various forms,
using fans of whatever construction so that they are capable of generating a
current of cold air necessary to be used in this process. Sometimes I employ
large bellows to produce the effect.
When used for cooling wort the hot liquor to be operated upon by the

page_text: above process is contained in the shallow coolers, such as are in use generally
in breweries of the present time.
By cooling liquids in the manner before described, no raising of water is
required, as heretofore, for working refrigerators, water being often in hot
weather very scarce and precious, besides the cost of cooling by this method
is less than half that of refrigerators of the ordinary construction, with the
certainty of producing the desired effect.
However large the quantity of liquor to be cooled may be, the power of the
fan blasts, bellows, or other appliances used to produce the effect can be
readily increased to effectively attain the object.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Francis Millns in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd
May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
MILLNS, of Poole, in the County of Dorset, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
sáid Francis Millns, Her special licence that I, the said Francis Millns,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Francis
Millns, my executors, administrators, and assigns should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
COOLING LIQUIDS, PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO THE COOLING OF WORT," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Francis Millns, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Francis Millns, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following

page_text: statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing, that
is to say :-
:
The object of this Invention is to cool down hot liquors from 212°
Fahrenheit to 60° Fahrenheit or less, however high the temperature of the
atmosphere may be, in from, say, thirty to sixty minutes.
.
I throw by force a continuous stream of cold air upon or through the hot
liquor, propelled by fan blasts driven at a very rapid speed by steam, horse, or
manual power, issuing from pipes, jets, discs, or distributors of various forms,
using fans of whatever construction so that they are capable of generating a
sufficient volume of cold air necessary to be used in this process. Sometimes
I employ large bellows to produce the effect.
When used for cooling wort, the hot liquor to be operated upon is contained
in shallow coolers, such as are in use generally in breweries at the present
time.
By cooling liquids in the manner before described no raising of water is
required, as heretofore, for working refrigerators, water being often in hot
weather very scarce and precious, besides the cost of the apparatus for cooling
by this method is less than half that of refrigerators of the ordinary con-
struction, with the certainty of producing the desired effect.
However large the quantity of liquor to be cooled may be, the power of the
fan blasts, bellows, or other appliance used to produce the blast can be
readily increased to effectively attain the object.
The accompanying Drawing is a perspective view of an apparatus sufficient
to illustrate how my improved method of cooling liquids may be carried into
effect. a is a blast fan of ordinary construction, motion being communicated
to it from any prime mover through a strap b, passing over fast and loose
pulleys; c is the air pipe leading from the fan a, and united to branch
pipes d, d, d, three being shown, but any other number may be used. These
pipes d, d, d, are open at their terminations, and have hoods or caps e, e, e,
which terminate in what I may term spreaders or distributors f. f, f, and
which rest on or near the surface of the liquid to be cooled. In the Drawing,
the liquid under treatment is supposed to be wort, and it is placed in an
ordinary shallow cooler g. As air is generated by the fan it is forced along
the pipe c, thence through the pipes d, d, d, and being prevented from rising
by the hoods or caps e, e, e, it impinges against the spreaders or dis-
tributors f, ff, and so becoming mixed with and passing over the surface of
the liquid the temperature of the latter is quickly reduced.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit myself to

page_text: the employment of the particular apparatus herein-before described for
carrying my Invention into effect, although I have found it a convenient
arrangement for so doing, but I claim the throwing by force of a continuous
stream of cold air upon or through the hot liquor, in manner and for the
purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Millns, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five.
FRAS. MILLNS. (L.S.)