IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I READ
HOLLIDAY of Huddersfield Manufacturing Chemist send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland bearing date at Westminster the Fifth day of January
One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight in the eleventh year of Her reign
did for Herself Her heirs and successors give and grant unto me the said
Read Holliday my exors admors and assigns Her especial licence full
power sole privilege and authority that I the said Read Holliday my exors
admors and assigns or such others as I the said Read Holliday my exors
admors or assigns should at any time agree with and no others from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed should and
lawfully might make use exercise and vend within England Wales and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAMPS" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I the said
Read Holliday should cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent as in and by the same reference
being thereunto had will more fully and at large appear.
81627.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE that in compliance with the said proviso I the said
Read Holliday do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention and
the manner in which the same is to be performed are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof reference being had to
the Drawing hereunto annexed and to the figures and letters marked thereon
that is to say
My Invention is applicable to that class of lamps wherein naptha and other
hydrocarbons may be vaporized and burned without wick in the state of vapour
and my Invention consists of various improvements hereafter fully described
on such class of lamps.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shews a burner of a lamp constructed according to my Invention.
This burner is arranged suitably for vaporizing naptha and water and of
burning those vapors combined. Figure 2 shows an external view of that
part of the burner in which water is vaporized and Figure 3 a section
thereof. Figure 4 shews an external view and Figure 5 a section of that
part of the burner in which naptha may be vaporized. And these two parts
combined together as shewn at Figure 1 and with the other parts shewn in
that Figure constitute a lamp burner according to the first part of my Inven-
tion. a. a is the water vaporizing part it consists of the two stems an upper
circular hollow vessel as shewn and the water passes in the direction of the
arrows b. b. is the part of the apparatus or lamp burner where naptha or such
like liquid is vaporized this part of the apparatus is similar to the other and
the two are combined by brazing so that the vapors from each will come
together in the tube d and pass away at the small passage e there being a
screw regulator f which passes up the tube d the screw f having a conical
pin f¹ which passes into the passage e and is capable of closing it or regula-
ting the quantity of the vapors which shall pass and each of the vaporizing
apparatus has a regulating screw 9 by which the quantity of each of the
vapors allowed to pass may be regulated. The combined vapors rush out of
the passage e and up the tube h this tube is made with a screw outside so
as to allow of the position of the tube being regulated and in order to offer
some impediment to the passage of the vapour up this tube the pin i is
passed into it and the vapors issuing through the pipe / strike against the
curved or cone-like surface and will thereby be deflected off and be divided
into separate streams by the pins j, j and by the stems a, 6 of the two appa
ratus. The parts being shewn combined and separately the workman will
readily understand the same.

page_text: The second part of my Invention is shewn at Figures 6 and 7 Figure 6
being an external view and Figure 7. a section thereof. The other Figures
shew some of the details separately. This burner is suitable for vaporizing
and burning naptha and such like liquid. It consists of the two hollow
limbs, having at top the hollow vessel m. The naptha passes in at n
and then in the direction of the arrows as shown. The passages of the limbs
can readily be cleaned out by a wire and the vessel m is made in two parts
so as to separate by unscrewing. This vessel on the underside is made of a
cone-like form and the vapor coming up through the tube h strikes against
the under surface and is deflected off thereby and in order to divide the
vapors into separate streams or jets the upper part of the tube is jagged or
split in several places. o is a cup which has affixed therein the regulating
screw and pin which passes up the tubular end of the two limbs and there is
an opening e. through which the vapour issues as described in respect to the
previous Figures. This cup receives tallow or other matter to make the
joint vapour-tight and the screw and pin regulate the flow of the vapor and
keep the parts tight. The peculiarities of this lamp are the construction
which allows of the ready cleansing of the parts also the mode of dividing the
vapours into streams by the splitting or making several openings at the upper
part of the tube and also the use of the cup with regulating screw and. pin.
The third part of my Invention is shewn at Figures 8 and 9. Figure 8
shews an external view and Figure 9 a section thereof. The other Figures
shew some of the details separately. This burner is very similar to that last
described but in this case the vapor is divided into separate streams by pins
or studs p. p descending from the under side of the vaporizing cone.
The
tube / is fixed and has a means of regulating the flow of air into that tube by
a sliding valve q over. the orifice r. The cone at top is not hollow but has a
tubular passage over it through which the fluid passes as shewn by arrows:
This burner has a cup with regulating screw and pin like the preceding
burner and the additional novelty beyond what are described in that burner is
the having the studs p. p and means of regulating the flow of air to the
tube h.
The fourth part of my Invention is shewn at Figures 10 and 11. Figure 10
being an external view and Figure 11 a section the other Figures showing
some of the details separately but on a smaller scale than Figures 10 and 11.
This burner as shewn in the Drawing consists of the cylinder in which are
the passages f¹ formed in the casting the passages f being drilled and it is
by the heat of these passages caused by the flame that the liquid is vaporized.

page_text: The
This burner is to have a regulating screw and pin as before explained.
cone v, on which the vapor impinges in this case does not form any part of
the vaporizing vessel but is above and capable of being adjusted by screwing
up or down and the vapour as it is deflected off is divided by the grating
as shewn and it is in these particulars and the having a tubular regulator {
for regulating the supply of air which constitutes the novelty of this burner
over any before in use.
The fifth part of my Invention is shewn at Figure 12 which is very similar
to that shown in Figures 8 and 9 but in this arrangement or construction
there is only one limb and the tube h has no regulator. The nipple e is of
steel and moveable and I recommend steel or iron nipples to all such lamp
burners.
The sixth part of my Invention is shewn at Figure 13 which is very similar
in construction to the burner shewn at Figures 10 and 11 but in this case all
the passages are drilled and the conical deflecting instrument v is solid and
the fluid does not ascend thereto the vapourizing vessel surrounds the tube /
and is formed with a hollow passage. as shewn by dotted lines and the passage
continues to the orifice at e and there is a tubular regulator for regulating the
passage of air to the tube similar to that described in respect to Figures 10
and 11. This burner is to have a regulating screw and pin and also cup as
before explained.
The seventh part of my Invention is shewn at Figures 14 and 15 Figure 14
shews an external view of the parts complete and together. Figure 15 shews
a section of the apparatus the parts being separate the parts are separate
castings as shewn they being made to fit tightly together and only to require
white lead in putting them together so as to make the whole vapor-tight.
The nipple e is made separate and by preference of steel. The Drawing fully
shews the construction and the novelty over that described in other of the
burners consists of the mode of constructing the parts in separate parts as
shewn. The conical deflecting instrument the grating for dividing the vapour
into separate streams the air tube h and the nipple are very similar to the
other burners above described except that in this case there is a fixed pin ƒ³
for regulating the quantity of vapor escaping through the orifice e the
regulation taking place by the movement of the nipple.
The eighth part of my Invention is shewn at Figure 16 which in some
respects differs in construction from those before described but in respect to its
having the tube / with splits or openings at the upper part for the passage and
division of the vapour it is similar to what has before been described in

page_text: respect to the previous Figures. The conical deflecting instrument is solid
and is fixed at the upper part of the tube which is formed with a screw
externally corresponding with a female screw in the part as shewn. u is the
vaporizing part of the apparatus as shewn. The regulating pin in this
instance is on a spring w which is capable of regulation by a screw w¹ as
shewn and there is a cup at the lower part-And I would state generally that
I prefer in all cases to use a cup as it facilitates the lighting of the burner
by filling it with naptha or spirit and applying light vapor will quickly be
generated and the lamp lighted.
The ninth part of my Invention is described in respect to Figure 17 which
shews an external view. This burner is very similar to others above described
the tube having splits or openings at top. The conical deflector is solid
and the two limbs constitute the vapourizing part of the apparatus
two screw plugs into the vapourizing limbs of the burner by removing which
the burner can readily be cleaned. It is to be provided with a regulating
screw and pin and cup as before described.
22 are
The tenth part of my Invention is shewn at Figure 18 and consists of com-
bining several such apparatus as above described into one burner having one
deflecting instrument which is hollow and therefore it is also the vaporizing
apparatus for all the burners combined. Each of the burners is provided with
its own nipple e and regulating screw as shewn and also a tube h and the
vapor from each strikes against and is deflected off by the conical surface
above and the vapor is divided into separate streams by the limbs of the
separate apparatus and the pins i. i as shewn.
The eleventh part of my Invention is shewn at Figure 19 which has no
conical deflecting instrument but is arranged for obtaining a flat flame. The
nature of the vaporizing vessel through which the fluid passes is shown by
the Drawing the tube is fixed and there no cuts or grating at top and the
flame takes place between the open space y of the apparatus. Figures 20
and 21 shew two sections of this burner which is to be provided with a
regulating screw pin and cup as before explained in respect to the other
burners.
The twelfth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 22 which shows an
external view of another burner constructed according to my Invention and
which is also for obtaining a flat flame. In this burner there is a circular
disc through which is formed an opening for the flame and the disc is formed
hollow so that it may constitute a vaporizing vessel and the vapours pass
through the limbs as shewn by arrows to an opening at e such as before de-

page_text: scribed and this burner is to be provided with a regulating screw pin and cup
as before explained in respect to other burners. The tube / screws into the
stem of the burner and in order to regulate the supply of air a branch tube
is used with a hole therein which can be more or less closed by the aid of a
screw as shown.
The thirteenth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 23 which is an
external view and one peculiarity of this burner consists in having the
vaporizing vessel formed by a coil of tubing which is also to constitute the
tube h. The Drawing clearly shows the construction of this burner and a
workman will readily make the same therefrom. About midway in the tube /
is placed a partition of gauze or a perforated plate to ensure the vapour and
air mixing. And there is another peculiarity in this burner that the regu-
lating screw is exterior and the pin bent. The regulating screw is to be
suitably in connection with the bent regulating pin that the turning of the
screw shall raise or lower the point of the pin in respect to the opening or
passage e.
The fourteenth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 24. In this
burner the regulating screw passes through the vaporizing vessel through the
tube h and the pin enters the nipple or passage e. The vapourizing vessel
and limbs which carry it may be varied and such is the case in respect to
the tube / so long as the regulating screw and pin descends from above as
shown and explained.
The fifteenth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 25 which shows an
external view and it is to produce a flat flame. The air vessel h in this case
is angular and is wider at top than at bottom and the air enters at the square
holes at the sides and the flame takes place at the long opening at top.
The sixteenth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 26 and is another
construction for obtaining a flat flame and is peculiar in having the vaporizing
vessel flat so that the vapor passing from the nipple or opening e will rush
up between the flat passage through, the vaporizing vessel and be ignited at
top. In this case a piece of wire is applied across the opening formed by the
vapor chamber and in the direction of its length to facilitate the mixing of
the vapor with the air.
The seventeenth part of my Invention is shown at Figures 27 and 28
Figure 27 being an external view and Figure 28 a section. In this arrange-
ment the vaporizing vessel is made with a tube through it for the passage
down of the vapour so that the vapour issues downwards and is regulated by
a screw and pin passing upwards as shown. The vapor comes against a conical

page_text: surface and is deflected off and then divided by the gratings and to facilitate
the cleaning a screw plug is applied at the top as shown.
The eighteenth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 29 which shows
the section of a lamp for burning naptha or other hydrocarbons and this
part of my Invention consists of a better mode of regulating and of shutting
off the supply of fluid to the burner used therewith in place of having taps
or cocks on the tubes which cannot be kept vapour and fluid-tight y is a
screw plug passing through the vessel of supply and it enters a conical
opening formed where the fluid passes out of the vessel as is shown by
this means a tight joint will be made.
The nineteenth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 30 which shows
an external view of a lamp burner for obtaining a flat flame. In this burner
the vaporizing vessel is composed of two bent jaws which have passages as
shewn by dotted lines or they may consist each of a hollow chamber connected
to the limbs it has also a tube / up which the vapour rushes from the
opening e. The peculiarity of this burner is the arrangement of the jaws con-
stituting the evaporating vessel.
The twentieth part of my Invention is shown at Figure 31 and is a lamp
burner for producing a flat flame. In this burner the liquid is supplied from
below as indicated by the arrows and it rises up two limbs each of which at
the upper part divides into two branches and the branches are combined by
hollow bars as shown. The vapour issuing at e rises up through the tube /
comes between the bar and is ignited and forms a flat flame This burner is
provided with a gallery z, z, for a chimney or in place of the two limbs each
branching into two they may be connected at top by a passage and then have
a flat plate fixed on either side allowing the jet of. vapour to rise up and be
inflamed at top as shewn by Figure 31*.
The twenty-first part of my Invention is shown at Figure 32. This burner
is peculiar in having the jet of vapour to act against an inclined plate in which
are formed suitable passages for vapourizing the liquid as shown by dotted
lines. The liquid passes from below upwards into the passages formed in the
inclined deflecting plate and thence to the opening c and such opening may
be regulated by a screw and pin passing through the inclined plate.
The twenty-second part of my Invention is shown at Figures 33 and 34.
Figure 33 is an external view and Figure 34 a section thereof. The
vapourizing vessel consists of the two limbs as shown having the tube / in
the same casting the deflecting button or cone having its stem with a screw
and its under conical surface is to be grooved so as to divide the vapour into

page_text: separate streams and is provided with a regulating screw with a conical point
and also a lighting cup.
The twenty-third part of my Invention is shown at Figure 35 and consists
of a mode of applying a vessel for naptha or other hydrocarbon to a lantern
of a street or such like lamp. Over the door of the lantern is formed bent
projecting plates a. a to correspond with the figure of the vessel so that the
vessel may readily rest securely thereon and yet be readily removed the pipe
of supply to the burner descends from the vessel into the lantern.
The twenty-fourth part of my Invention consists of applying castings of
brass or iron in the manufacture of lamp burners such as have been above
described and to others when made suitable for vapourizing and burning
naptha and other hydrocarbons. And in making such descriptions of burners
I cause as many as possible of the passages and chambers or hollow parts to be
produced when casting and I cause the other passages to be formed by
drilling and I stop such passages when necessary by screw plugs. I would
however state that in respect to the burners above described that although I
prefer to make them of brass or iron casting I do not confine myself thereto.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the exact details or shapes of the various burners shown and
described as the same may be varied so long as the peculiar character of
either be retained but what I claim is
First the constructing of a lamp burner suitable for vapourizing water and
naptha as described in respect to Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. and 5.
Secondly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
respect to Figures 6 and 7.
Thirdly I claim the mode of constructing the lamp burner described in
respect to Figures 8 and 9.
Fourthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
respect to Figures 10 and 11.
Fifthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in respect
to Figure 12.
Sixthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in respect
to Figure 13.
Seventhly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
respect to Figures 14 and 15.
Eighthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
moment to Figure 16

page_text: Ninthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
respect to Figure 17.
Tenthly I claim the combining several burners into one as herein de-
scribed in respect to Figure 18.
Eleventhly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
respect to Figures 19. 20 and 21.
Twelfthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners as described in
respect to Figure 22.
Thirteenthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners as described
in respect to Figure 23.
Fourteenthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described
in respect to Figure 24.
Fifteenthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
respect to Figure 25.
Sixteenthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners as described
in respect to Figure 26.
Seventeenthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners described in
respect to Figures 27 and 28.
Eighteenthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp regulating apparatus
as described in respect to Figure 29.
Nineteenthly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners as described
in respect to Figure 30.
Twentiethly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners as described
in respect to Figure 31.
Twenty-firstly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners as described
in respect to Figure 32.
Twenty-secondly I claim the mode of constructing lamp burners as
described in respect to Figures 33 and 34.
Twenty-thirdly I claim the mode of arranging and applying a supply vessel
to a lantern as described in respect to Figure 35.
Twenty-fourthly I claim the applying castings of brass or iron in the
making of lamp burners when such lamp burners are made wholly of cast
brass or iron suitable for vapourizing and burning naptha and other hydro-
carbons.
In witness whereof I the said Read Holliday have hereunto set my
band and seal this Fifth day of July in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.
READ (L.S.) HOLLIDAY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED that on the Fifth day of July in the year
of our Lord 1848 the aforesaid Read Holliday came before our said Lady
the Queen in Her Chancery and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid and
all and every thing therein contained and specified in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fifth day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-eight.