IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATING SOLVENTS OF INDIA RUBBER, AND OTHER GUMS OR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
SIMPSON; of Newington Butts, Chemist, and THOMAS FORSTER, of Streatham,.
Manufacturer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her,
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of
April (One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine), in the twelfth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the'
said George Simpson and Thomas Foster, our exors, adñors, and assigns, Her
especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said.
George Simpson and Thomas Forster, our exors, adñors, and assigns, and.
such others as we, the said George Simpson and Thomas Forster, our exors,
admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATING SOLVENTS OF INDIA RUBBER, AND OTHER GUMS
OR SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that we,.
the said George Simpson and Thomas Forster, or one of us, shall cause a
particular description of the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, to be inrolled in Her Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
George Simpson and Thomas Forster, do hereby declare that the nature of
our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are
fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists, first, of manufacturing chloride or bichloride of
carbon, and employing the same in dissolving india-rubber, gutta percha, and
other gums or gum resins, or substances which are not soluble in water, and
obtaining by such treatment of the matters new solutions of such substances.
The second part of our Invention consists of a mode of treating coal oil, in
order to render it better applicable as a solvent.
And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood, and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING,
wlich represents a sketch of the apparatus which we employ. A is an
iron still, beated by steam in a jacket A*; B is a stoneware vessel with three
openings, and also heated by a steam jacket C; Dis 'a-stoneware worm in a
condensing tub. We charge the still A'with bisulphuret of carbon, and the
vessel B with 'pentachloride of antimony. We then turn on the steam to the
jackets A and C, when the vapour of the bisulphuret passes through the
pentachloride into the worm D (where it is condensed), and from thence to
the receiver. The product is then placed into an ordinary still, and rectified
with lime, the resulting compound being a chloride of carbon, a sweet and
uninflammable'solvent for india-rubber, gutta perchia, and other gums and resins.
The proportions to be treated as above are about one part of bisulphuret of
carbon to eight parts of pentachloride of antimony (by 'weight). After the
process the whole of the available chlorine will häve been absorbed from the
antimony in the vessel B.. We resaturate it with chlorine by the usual means,
and so render it again serviceable.
We would remark that the product obtained, before treating the same by
the process of rectification with lime, acts as a solvent to some extent, and by
iinmersing india-rubber therein, or in the vapour thereof, it will effect a change
in the character of the india-rubber, whereby that substance is rendered less
liable to the 'hardening effects of cold, and the injurious effects of heat. In
employing bichloride or chloride of carbon in dissolving india-rubber, gutta
percha, or other gums, or gum resinous substances not soluble in water, we
proceed in like manner to that heretofore resorted to when using the solvents
heretofore employed.

page_text: In carrying out the second part of our Invention, we employ similar appa-
ratus to that herein described, but the vessels B and D are of lead. The still
A is charged with the coal oil, and we prefer such as has been first purified
by any of the usual processes. The vessel B is charged with a solution of
chloride of lime. We then turn on the steam to the jackets, and also a jet of
it into the still itself, when the vapour of the oil of coal passes through B into
D, and is condensed. If very pure or sweet solvent be desired, we collect
about the first third of the whole product separately. The solution of chloride
of lime we prefer is about one part by weight of the dry chloride of lime, clis-
solved in water, to each fourteen to sixteen parts by weight of the coal oil.
Having thus explained the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the details or means herein described, so long as the
peculiar character of any part of our Invention be retained; but what we
claim is.―
First, the manufacture of chloride or bichloride of carbon, and applying the
same for dissolving india-rubber, gutta percha, and other gums or gum
resinous substances not soluble in water, thus obtaining new solutions of those
substances, and also acting on india-rubber, as herein explained.
And, secondly, we claim the treating coal oil with chloride of lime, as herein
explained.
In witness wheroof, I, the said Thomas Forster, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fifth day of October,
in the year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Thomas Forster came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
.written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.