AN IMPROVED CON
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of tlie Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Me-"
chanical Draughtsman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED CON-
Sealed the 24th February 1854, and dated the 25th October 1853..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent;
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th October 1858.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the:
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF RAILROAD CARRIAGE
AXLE, being a communication, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing railway carriage axles of two
parts or portions, one of which is hollow and the other solid; the solid
portion is inserted in the chamber of the hollow portion; and is secured
in its place by a key which passes through the outside or hollow portion
into an annular groove in the inside or solid portion, the whole being
retained in place by a band and set screw. When the parts are thus

page_text: combined they will form an axle similar to that shewn in partial sec-
tion in the accompanying Drawing, the advantage of which axle is,
that it will admit of the wheels with which it is provided moving
together or independently of each other, as may be required by the
nature of the road over which they are running.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 25th April 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex,- Mechanical-Draughtsman, send
greeting.
. WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing. date the Twenty-fifth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her. reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, Her
special license that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or. such others as I, the said Alfred Vincent
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others; from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use; exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED. CONSTRUCTION OF RAILROAD CARRIAGE AXLE," being
munication from abroad; upón..the condition (amongst others) that 1,
the said Alfred Vincent Newton;. by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office.
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW.YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same.
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and.
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing here-
unto annexed, and to the letters and figures níarked thereon (that is to
say)..
This Invention, as cominiunicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
relates to a mode of constructing compound axles, one part or section
of which is hollow and.the.other solid; the solid section is inserted-in-
the chamber of the. hollow.section, and is secured in place by ai key:
which passes through the outside or hollow section into an annulai
groove in the inside or solid section, the whole being retained in place.
by a band and set screw. When thus combined the wheels, move
together or independently of each other, as may be required..
.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig. 1, is a longitudinal view, partly
in section, of the improved compound axle, with the usual appendages
of wheels and journals; and Fig. 2, is a cross section of the axle at the
line 1, 2, of Fig. 1. A, A, are the wheels; B, B, the journals; G;
the hollow portion of the axle into which the solid portion Dfits; E,
is a band which passes around the axle; F, is a set screw which passes
through the band into the key G, which key is fitted into a mortise in
the hollow section C, and projects into the annular groove H, in the
solid section when the latter is in place in the hollow section C, by
which means the end of one section and the shoulder of the other will
be held in contact, as shewn in Fig. 1. The band E, passing around
the axle over the key G, as before mentioned, is for the purpose of
giving additional security to the connection thus established between
the two parts or sections which constitute the compound axle. This
combination and arrangement of parts permits of a free rotary motion
for each wheel, while at the same time it presents all the required
resistance to any strain that may be put upon the axle, the joint being of
such length as to secure permanency in the axle, with all the strength,
leverage, and solidity of the solid axle. The independent motion of
the wheels it will be understood will allow the carriage to which the
axles may be applied to run upon a curve with great ease and facility,

page_text: as by the use of this improvement there is no power lost by the slipping
and abrasion of the wheels and rails, which is the case where the solid
axle is employed; the torsion of the axle and its consequent weakening
and breakage (to which the said axle is subject by the strain produced
on the curves of the road) is also avoided.
Having now described the Juvention of "An Improved Construction
of Railroad Carriage Axle," as communicated to me by my foreign
correspondent, I wish it to be understood that under the above in part
recited Letters Patent I claim the mode of connecting the hollow and
solid parts or sections C, and D, together, as above explained, to form a
compound axle, which will allow of the independent movement of the
carriage wheels with which it may be provided.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fifth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
four
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
A. V. NEWTON. (L.S.)