An Improved Brick Making Machine
Year: 1898

page_text: An Improved Brick Making Machine,
I, ADAM ADAMS, of St Michael's House, Old Fletton, Peterborough, in the
County of Huntingdon, Brick Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows.-
The machine consists of a circular cylinder supported in a vertical position
between the sides of frame of machine and revolving on a fixed cam
The
driving shaft carrying the side cams passes through the centre of the fixed cam.
The cylinder is of any suitable size, preferably 6 feet in diameter
Brick moulds of proper size are arranged at regular intervals all round the
cylinder
I have found it convenient to arrange them in eight pans, making sixteen
moulds in all
The side cams that give the top presque are fixed to large spur wheels one
on each side of machine, which are driven by suitable gearing at proper speed
in proportion to the speed of the revolving evlinder.
The pressure is given to the bottom side of bucks by rollers attached to the
bottom pistons and revolving on the fixed centre cam The bricks are pushed
off (after being pressed) at the back of the supply hopper on to a table either
by a revolving or rocking arm
The operation of the machine is as follows
The cylinder is fed by measuring while in continuous motion from the supply
hopper
The cross heads to which are attached the heads for pressing the bricks rock
backwards and forwards together with the slides in which they work, each one
taking alternate pairs of boxes so that each brick gets two pressures
A lever 18 emploved for regulating the feed
Each cross head, after having been carried forward by the cylinder, is brought
back to its original position by a balance weight
The most important points in this invention are, a large output with a slow
movement of parts and only the full stiain of two bricks at a time on the
machine
The clav may be fed into the boxes either by gravitation as in stationary
boxes and travelling charger, or forced in by mechanical contrivance according
to the nature of the clar to be worked
For a smaller output the cross head can be arranged to take each pair of
boxes instead of alternate boxes and the number of cross heads be reduced, but
the principle of action is the same
Dated this 8th day of June 1898
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C, Agents.

page_text: I, ADAM ADAMS, of St Michael's House, Old Fletton. Peterborough, in the
County of Huntingdon, Brick Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention, and in what manuer the same is to be performed, to be parti-
cularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
I provide a circular drum or cylinder, which revolves continuously and con-
tains the moulds in which the material is to be pressed There is a bottom head
or plunger to each mould or set of moulds, and these receive their motion by
means of a fixed cam, 1ound which they revolve with the cyhnder. The top
heads or plungers, each, or each pan, of which enters every other mould, or
pair of moulds, once during a revolution, tiavel with the cylinder while they
give their pressures, after which they are cared back to then former position
automatically The motion of the top heads or plungers, apart from their cir-
cular movement, 1s arranged to be given by eccentrics, driven at the correct
speed and in the night direction in relation to the clinder, and transmitted
through toggle-levers or other mechanical arrangement
Having received the proper pressure and shape, the bricks are pushed out of
the moulds by the bottom heads, and are carried on to the table or belt by a
rocking aim or similar contrivance; the heads, both top and bottom, are steam-
heated.
This machine does not waste a single portion of its stroke, and so can turn
out twice the usual number of bricks and still remain for a longer period on
each one, with a much slower movement of working parts
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig is an elevation of the machine partly in section
Fig 2 is a plan of the same in semi-section
Figs 3, 4, 5 and 6 are diagrammatical elevations showing the motions and
positions of the various parts
•
Fig 718 an elevation on a reduced scale of the machine with driving gear,
one aide of frame, and one pair of eccentrics removed, showing the segment
retaining straps, and also arrangement for regulation of feed
Fig 8 is an elevation and Fig 9 a plan of one pau of moulds
Fig 10 is a front elevation and Fig 11 a side elevation of bottom plunger.
Fig 12 is a front elevation and Fig 13 a side elevation of top plunger.
Fig 14 is a front elevation of catch on eccentric arm, and Fig 15 a side eleva-
tion, partly in section, drawn on the line 15-15 of Fig 14.
Fig 18 is a section of a portion of cylinder frame showing one of the catches,
and Fig 17 is a plan of same.
A is the cylinder, in which are placed the moulds B at regular intervals
round the circumference. either singly or in pairs.
The machine is preferably made, as shown in the drawings, with eight pairs
of moulds, that is, sixteen in all
Each pair of moulds can be removed easily and separately, being constructed
as shown in Figs 8 and 9 They are held together by bolts a and, when in
position, the bolts b keep them in their place
CC represent the bottom plungers, which are each terminated by a roller c to
work on the central cam D d are the slides for the bottom plungers, these
alides are adjusted by set pins e acting on plates f
E is the hopper through which the moulds are filled with material as they
pass beneath it; the exact quantity is adjusted by means of a lever (or similar

page_text: contrivance) fixed by the pin g to the frame F and operated by a rod h¹ and
hand wheel screwing on the upper end of said rod. This regulates the depth
that the bottom plunger falls as it passes the hopper E by the roller spindle o
coming on to the lever h and so preventing the roller c from reaching the cam
to an extent depending on the operation of the hand wheel 1.
G 18 a rocking lever pivoted to the frame F and connected by rod G¹ to the
pusher G, such lever is worked by projections (Fig. 7) on the cylinder
frame, thus causing the pusher G to push off the bucks as they are finished.
H, H are segments which cay the cross-heads K and toggle-levers I, and
in which are formed the slides for the top plungers I The toggle-levers / are
worked by the eccentrics J J and arms m through levers n n¹ and connecting
rods o.
The eccentrics J J1 are set at the correct angle to each other and fastened to
a shaft p, which passes through the central cam D, taking its bearings in the
frame F, and having also outside bearings 7 These eccentrics are driven at
the correct speed, and in the right direction, in relation to the evlinder (in this
case four to one in the opposite direction) by outside gearing M, M, M, M³,
the wheel M being fixed on the shaft p, the wheels MM on the shaft z, and
the wheel M³ on the driving shaft y
The segments take their bearings on the edge of the cylinder, and also on
the frame, and are tied to the centre of the machine by straps k, as shown in
Fig 7. The segments II H' are counterbalanced by weights, not shown in the
drawings, so that the segment H is a little heavier than its weight, and always
tends to fall, and His a little lighter than its weight and always tends to rise.
The segment H, at the commencement of its stroke, is resting on one of the
cylinder catches L by means of a stop on segment frame, as the cylinder
revolves therefore the segment goes with it Meanwhile the eccentrics are act-
ing and the plungers do their work When the end of the stroke is reached,
the studs on the eccentric gear wheel M, comes in contact with spring catch t
on eccentue aim, and carries the segment back to its original position at a
speed of four times that of the cylinder. Then the short arm of the crank
lever connected with the catch t, meets a stud u on the fiame, and the
crank lever is thereby moved so as to release the catch from the stud s, while
the segment stop has pressed down and passed over the next cylinder catch L
and now rests on it, ready to commence its next stroke. The segment H¹ 18
operated in exactly the same way
The cylinder A is rotated by means of geaning A1, A2, A3, A4, the wheel A¹
being fixed to, or forming part of, the cylinder, the wheels A³ A' being fixed on
the shaft z, and the wheel A being fixed on the shaft r
Fig 3 represents diagrammatically an elevation of the machine showing the
relative positions of the various parts in their first position, in which the
moulds 1, 2, having been charged as they passed under the hopper E, are just
ready to receive the top plungers I. The moulds 3 and 4 have received their
first pressure, and has just been pushed out to receive the second pressure.
The moulds 5 and 6 are receiving the second pressure, and the moulds 7 and 8
are finished, the bucks are just being delivered from the moulds 8
In Fig. 4 the cylinder has travelled three-fortieths of a revolution, and the
cccentrics three-tenths in the opposite direction Moulds 1 and 2 have com-
menced to receive then fist pressure, 3 and 4 are ready to receive their second
pressure, having now also been pushed out, 5 and 6 are now finished, and the
segment is just at the end of its travel, ready to be taken back by the eccen-
tric's spur wheel M, 7 is just having its completed brick pushed out to deliver
it, and 8 18 receiving its change
In Fig 5 the cylinder has travelled another twentieth of a revolution, and
the eccentric a fifth in the opposite direction. Moulds 1 and 2 have received
the greater part of their pressure, 3 and 4 are just about to commence their

page_text: second pressure, the segment H¹ having returned, 5 and 6 are finished, 7 is
being delivered, and 8 has got its charge complete.
In Fig. 6 the cylinder has travelled another three-fortieths of a revolution,
and the eccentrics three-tenths in the opposite direction Moulds 1 and 2 have
received their first pressure, and the segment H is about to return, 3 and 4 are
receiving their second pressure, 5 and 6 are finished, the bottom plunger of 6
is just rising to deliver, 7 18 charging, and 8 is ready for its first pressure
This completes the cycle, as Fig. 3 shows the cylinder after travelling another
twentieth of a revolution, and by putting 7 and 8 m the place of 1 and 2, and
so on, it will give the correct positions of the various parts again
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same 18 to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1 A buck-making machine having a series of moulds revolving continuously
about a common centre and receiving pressure from both top and bottom, sub-
stantially as herein set forth
2 In a brick-making machine, the combination of a continuously revolving
cylinder containing the moulds, and a central stationary cam to give the bottom
pressure, substantially as herein set forth
3 In a brick-making machine, the combination of a continuously revolving
cylinder containing the moulds, and a travelling oscillating cross-head to give
the top pressure, substantially as herein set forth
4 In a brick machine, the combination of a continuously revolving cylinder
containing the moulds, bottom plungers operated by a central stationary cam to
give the bottom pressure, top plungers carried by travelling oscillating segments
to give the top pressure, and means for operating such top plungers, substan-
tially as herein set forth
5 In a brick machine, the combination of a continuously revolving cylinder
containing the moulds, bottom plungers operated by a cential stationary cam to
give the bottom pressure, top plungers carried by travelling oscillating segments
to give the top pressure, eccentrics to operate the top plungere, means for caus-
ing the segments to travel a certain distance with the cylinder, and means for
releasing said segments from the cylinder and causing them to return to their
starting position, substantially as herem set forth
Dated this 24th day of February 1800
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents,