Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb.,
Complete Left, 2nd May, 1887.
1887
Complete Accepted, 31st May, 1887
I GEORGE WALTON WESTGARTH of 3 Woodbine Terrace Union Lane Gateshead
on Tyne County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:-
The invention consists of so regulating the length of Lay of the Strands, as will
allow for the uptake in Laying up the Strands into the Rope & of making length
of Lay of Strands such as will attain the following objects,
1stly. To make a Rope in which any individual wire will always appear on one side
of the Rope only.
Or 2ndly. To make a Rope in which any individual wire will always appear on two
sides (directly opposite each other) of the Rope.
Or Brdly. To make a Rope in which any individual wire will always appear around
the entire circumference of the Rope for one or more turns.
Ropes as made at present cause any one wire to appear on various sides of the Rope.
This I find is the consequence of the " Uptake" of the Strands in Laying up into
Rope, therefore by regulating the length of Lay of Strands, by the addition of the
percentage for uptake, I make a Rope with the wires always appearing in a true
position in any of the aforesaid manners.
My invention is applicable to all the different constructions of Stranded Ropes, but
I find it more advantageous adapting it to a Rope constructed with Strands and Rope
laid in the same directions, because I get the most beneficial results that is I get a
greater length of Friction Surface on each wire, and consequently a Rope which will
wear better & last longer, especially in obtaining the 3rd object of this Invention.
Ropes as made at present are usually made with the length of the lay of the Strands
half the length of the Lay of the Rope, and to obtain the aforesaid results I add a
percentage to the Length of the lay of strands for the 3 named objects.
Another advantage in the 3rd object of this invention is that instead of one
wire of the Strand appearing for Friction two wires of the strand appear together,
consequently making a much more even exterior for the Rope.
3

page_text: Improvements in the Construction of Round and Sectional Wire
Stranded Ropes.
I, GEORGE WALTON WESTGARTH of 3 Woodbine Terrace Union Lane, Gateshead
on Tyne County of Durham Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this Invention is to make wire ropes of round or sectional wires (by
"sectional wires "I mean suitable wires whose transverse section is other than round)
in which the greatest amount of service may be got out of each individual wire, this
I do by making ropes in which any individual wire will appear in any of the three
following manners.
Firstly on one side of the rope only secondly on two opposite sides of the rope and
thirdly entirely around the ropes circumference for at least one or more turns.
In practice I find that the friction on ropes takes place in either of those three
positions, therefore by making a rope, in which any individual wire will always appear
on one side only, the friction taking place on one side only, I get the most service out of
the wire which appears on that particular side.
By making a rope with any individual wire appearing on two sides, I get the most
service out of it when the friction takes place on any two sides of the rope.
And by making a rope with the wire appearing entirely around the ropes circum-
ference for at least one or more turns before locking itself in the rope, it will be most
serviceable when the friction takes place on the whole of the ropes circumference.
For example in pit shaft ropes the friction takes place in the first and second of the
aforesaid manners and on inclines and endless haulage system ropes the friction takes
place in the third named manner.
As ropes are made at present any individual wire appears on various sides of the
ropes circumference, this I find is partly owing to the "uptake" of the strands in
laying up into the rope and partly owing to the proportion of length of lay of the
strands and rope.
By regulating the length of the lay of the strands I make ropes in which any
individual wire will always appear in a true position in any of the aforesaid manners.
Ropes as constructed at present (as is well known in the trade) are usually made
with the length of the lay of the strands half the length of the lay of the rope, and to
obtain the aforesaid results I add a percentage equivalent to the "uptake" of the
strands or such a percentage to the usual proportion of the lay as will obtain the objects
of my invention thus, to make a rope with the wire appearing on one side only I lay
the strands and the rope in a similar direction and add the percentage equivalent to
the "uptake" to the ordinary proportion of the lay of strands.
To make a rope with the wire appearing on two opposite sides I lay the strands in
the opposite direction to the direction of the lay of the rope, and I make the length of

page_text: the lay of strand and the length of the lay of the rope equal adding the allowance or
percentage for uptake to such length of lay of strand. It is obvious that the allowance
or percentage for uptake can be ascertained for himself by the maker in every case
having regard to varying sizes of rope.
For example in the case of a rope 24 inches in circumference if the length of the
lay is 8 inches long any individual wire varies in its position or appearance for friction
inch in every 8 inches thus showing an “uptake” of about 3 per cent. therefore
the proportions (i.e. including the allowance or percentage for "uptake") would be
8 inches length of lay of strand and 8 inches length of the lay of the rope.
To make a rope with the wire appearing for one turn entirely around the ropes
circumference I lay the strands and rope in similar directions of the lay of the rope
adding 45 per cent. plus the allowance or percentage for "uptake to the ordinary
proportion of lay, for length of lay of strands. By increasing or decreasing the
length of the lay of strands any individual wire is made to appear around the ropes
circumference for more or less than one entire turn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I would remark that I am aware that
metal ropes have previously been made with the strands all laid in the same direction
as the lay of the rope for which I make no claim whatever but what I claim as novel
and as my invention is :-
The improved manufacture of round and sectional wire stranded ropes substantially
in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.
тоот Син 10 fрия она подвет
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.

page_text: I GEORGE WALTON WESTGARTH of 3 Woodbine Terrace Union Lane Gateshead
on Tyne County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention
to be as follows:-
The invention consists of so regulating the length of Lay of the Strands, as will
allow for the uptake in Laying up the Strands into the Rope & of making length
of Lay of Strands such as will attain the following objects,
1stly. To make a Rope in which any individual wire will always appear on one side
of the Rope only.
Or 2ndly. To make a Rope in which any individual wire will always appear on two
sides (directly opposite each other) of the Rope.
Or 3rdly. To make a Rope in which any individual wire will always appear around
the entire circumference of the Rope for one or more turns.
Ropes as made at present cause any one wire to appear on various sides of the Rope.
This I find is the consequence of the "Uptake" of the Strands in Laying up into
Rope, therefore by regulating the length of Lay of Strands, by the addition of the
percentage for uptake, I make a Rope with the wires always appearing in a true
position in any of the aforesaid manners.
My invention is applicable to all the different constructions of Stranded Ropes, but
I find it more advantageous adapting it to a Rope constructed with Strands and Rope
laid in the same directions, because I get the most beneficial results that is I get a
greater length of Friction Surface on each wire, and consequently a Rope which will
wear better & last longer, especially in obtaining the 3rd object of this Invention.
Ropes as made at present are usually made with the length of the lay of the Strands
half the length of the Lay of the Rope, and to obtain the aforesaid results I add a
percentage to the Length of the lay of strands for the 3 named objects.
Another advantage in the 3rd object of this invention is that instead of one
wire of the Strand appearing for Friction two wires of the strand appear together,
consequently making a much more even exterior for the Rope.
.
AT 1
1007

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Round and Sectional Wire
Stranded Ropes.
I, GEORGE WALTON WESTGARTH of 3 Woodbine Terrace Union Lane, Gateshead
on Tyne County of Durham Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this Invention is to make wire ropes of round or sectional wires (by
"sectional wires " I mean suitable wires whose transverse section is other than round)
in which the greatest amount of service may be got out of each individual wire, this
I do by making ropes in which any individual wire will appear in any of the three
following manners.
Firstly on one side of the rope only secondly on two opposite sides of the rope and
thirdly entirely around the ropes circumference for at least one or more turns.
In practice I find that the friction on ropes takes place in either of those three
positions, therefore by making a rope, in which any individual wire will always appear
on one side only, the friction taking place on one side only, I get the most service out of
the wire which appears on that particular side.
By making a rope with any individual wire appearing on two sides, I get the most
service out of it when the friction takes place on any two sides of the rope.
And by making a rope with the wire appearing entirely around the ropes circum-
ference for at least one or more turns before locking itself in the rope, it will be most
serviceable when the friction takes place on the whole of the ropes circumference.
For example in pit shaft ropes the friction takes place in the first and second of the
aforesaid manners and on inclines and endless haulage system ropes the friction takes
place in the third named manner.
As ropes are made at present any individual wire appears on various sides of the
ropes circumference, this I find is partly owing to the "uptake" of the strands in
laying up into the rope and partly owing to the proportion of length of lay of the
strands and rope.
By regulating the length of the lay of the strands I make ropes in which any
individual wire will always appear in a true position in any of the aforesaid manners.
Ropes as constructed at present (as is well known in the trade) are usually made
with the length of the lay of the strands half the length of the lay of the rope, and to
obtain the aforesaid results 1 add a percentage equivalent to the "uptake" of the
strands or such a percentage to the usual proportion of the lay as will obtain the objects
of my invention thus, to make a rope with the wire appearing on one side only I lay
the strands and the rope in a similar direction and add the percentage equivalent to
the "uptake" to the ordinary proportion of the lay of strands.
To make a rope with the wire appearing on two opposite sides I lay the strands in
the opposite direction to the direction of the lay of the rope, and I make the length of

page_text: the lay of strand and the length of the lay of the rope equal adding the allowance or
percentage for uptake to such length of lay of strand. It is obvious that the allowance
or percentage for uptake can be ascertained for himself by the maker in every case
having regard to varying sizes of rope.
For example in the case of a rope 2 inches in circumference if the length of the
lay is 8 inches long any individual wire varies in its position or appearance for friction
inch in every 8 inches thus showing an "uptake" of about 3 per cent. therefore
the proportions (i.e. including the allowance or percentage for "uptake") would be
8 inches length of lay of strand and 8 inches length of the lay of the rope.
"
To make a rope with the wire appearing for one turn entirely around the ropes
circumference I lay the strands and rope in similar directions of the lay of the rope
adding 45 per cent. plus the allowance or percentage for
" uptake to the ordinary
proportion of lay, for length of lay of strands. By increasing or decreasing the
length of the lay of strands any individual wire is made to appear around the ropes
circumference for more or less than one entire turn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I would remark that I am aware that
metal ropes have previously been made with the strands all laid in the same direction
as the lay of the rope for which John Lang received Letters Patent No. 138 dated the
13th January 1879 and to which I make no claim whatever but what I claim as novel
and as my invention is :—
The improved manufacture of round and sectional wire stranded ropes substantially
in the manner and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated this 2nd day of May 1887.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
34, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Patentee.