Improvements in and connected with Machines for Making Boxes from Paper, Pasteboard, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Machines for Making Boxes
from Paper, Pasteboard, and the like.
A communication from abroad by HORACE INMAN, Manufacturer, of Amsterdam,"
in the County of Montgomery, State of New York, United States of
America.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent-Agents, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines for making boxes out of paper, pasteboard or
similar material, and while it is adapted to make various forms, shapes, and styles.
of boxes, it is more particularly adapted' and is illustrated in the present instance
for making what is generally known 'as telescopic boxes; and the object of the
invention broadly stated is to provide a machine wherein boxes may be made.from
a continuous strip or roll of paper, the 'strip' being formed into blauks which are
properly manipulated and the complete box delivered from the machine, all the"
operations being automatic in their action. The invention consists in the various
features of construction and 'arrangement of parts having the mode of operation ..
substantially as bereinafter more particularly set forth.
Referring to the accompanying drawings wherein is illustrated one embodiment
of the invention adapted to make telescopic boxes :—
Fig. is a side elevation of the machine.
Fig. 1 is an enlarged side view of one of the stop motion pulleys. ··
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation opposite to the side shown in Fig. 1:
Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section on the line 5-5, Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical section through the centre of the machine.
Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section of a portion of the machine on the line 7—7,
Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a detail view of the scoring and creasing rollers.
Fig. 9 is a plan view of the cutting and scoring die.
Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 10-10, Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a transversé vértical section on the line 11-11, Fig. 9.
Fig. 12 is a similar view on the line 12-12, Fig. 9.
Figs. 13 and 14 are enlarged perspective views of the cutters used in the cutting
and scoring die.
Fig. 15 is a plan view of the strip showing the operation thereon of the cutting
and scoring die."
Fig. 16 is a plan view of the automatic pasting mechanism.
Fig. 17 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line 17, Fig. 6.
Fig. 18 is a vertical transverse section on the line 18, Fig. 16.
Fig. 19 is an end view of the pasting mechanism.
Fig. 20 is a reverse plan view of the strip, showing the application of the paste
thereto.
t
Fig. 21 is a detail of the paste-operating device.
Fig. 22 is an enlarged elevation of the folding and squeezing device.
Fig. 23 is a plan view of the same with the plunger removed.
Fig. 24 is a plan view of the box and the guides for guiding the edge flap..
I

page_text: Fig. 20 13-8 sectional view of the Dox and the squeezing clamp.
Fig. 26 is a plan and sectional view of the clamp.
Fig. 27 is a detail sectional view of the side folders and mechanism for operating.
them.
Fig. 28 is a detail view of the plunger and ejector.
Fig. 29 is an enlarged detail view of the device controlling the operation of the
plunger.
Fig. 30 is an enlarged detail showing the interlocking devices controlling the
clutch operating the squeezing devices.
Fig. 31 is a perspective view of the box blank with the pasted edges turned up.
Fig. 32 is a similar view showing a step in the operation.
Fig. 33 is a perspective view of the completed box, and
Fig. 34 is a plan of the partly folded box.
As above indicated, the machine specifically illustrated is adapted especially to
make telescopic boxes, and it will be seen that all the operations are automatic, the
paper being fed, cut, scored, pasted, folded, compressed or squeezed and delivered
as a complete box, or a complete portion of a telescopic box, and if desired the
machine may be adapted to print or emboss any design upon the box or the blank
or web, so that the box is complete and ready for the market when delivered,
although the specific printing or embossing mechanism is not shown in the drawings,
as any ordinary and well known printing apparatus may be attached to the machine
to be operated in proper time and in connection with the other devices.
The machine is also made so that the various parts can be adjusted to make
boxes of various sizes, and so that all the operations will take place in proper time,
and with proper relations to each other, and it is evident that by simply broadening
the frame of the macliine and practically duplicating more or less of the parts, more
than one box can be made simultaneously, and the operations carried on con-
currently, so that the two parts of an ordinary telescopic box can be delivered at
the same time from the machine.
The construction of the various parts of the machine and their operative relations.
to each other will now be more fully set forth, but it will be distinctly understood
that the invention is not limited to the precise details of construction and arrange-
ment, as these can be varied to suit the requirements of any case, and parts of the
machine may be used in combination with other parts or in combination with other
equivalent parts which co-operate therewith to perform the various functions, in
substantially the same general way.
The frame A of the machine may be made of any suitable material and
construction, but is preferably of metal, and is of a convenient shape to support all
the working parts and to permit of their adjustment. The paper or other material
from which the boxes are to be made is suitably supported on a reel A¹ which is
mounted in brackets A' connected to the main frame of the machine, and this reel.
is readily removable from the brackets in the ordinary manner, and is preferably
provided with guiding wheels or flanges A which support the sides of the reel and
protect the edges of the paper strip. In order that the paper may be straightened
and be delivered to the box-forming devices in a practically flat and smooth con-
dition, a guide or straightener A is provided which also acts as a brake to the web
of paper as it passes from the reel, and in the present instance this is shown as
consisting of a shaft a mounted in suitable bearings, in the brackets A, and having
connected therewith a U-shaped rod or bar a¹ and provided with a hand-wheel a²,
and adjusting screw a³, whereby its position can be regulated in the bracket, so that
the paper passes under the U-shaped bar a', and over the shaft a which operate to
straighten and smooth the paper, as well as to act as a sort of brake. Also mounted
on the machine is a guide roller A over which the paper is drawn at an angle, and
this operates to further straighten and smooth the web of paper as it passes into.
the machine, and while this construction is simple and effective it will be understood
that the guide roller may be dispensed with and the paper lead directly from the
brake to the machine.
7:

page_text: As it is also desirable to make the boxes accurate and evenly it is exceedingly
desirable that the web of paper should be fed to the cutting, scoring, and other
devices in an exact position relative thereto, and there is therefore provided an
adjustable guide A' which is mounted on a cross-piece A'. This guide is composed
of two parts substantially alike, each having a relatively wide plate a', and a narrow
plate or lip a with a space between for the passage of the paper, and in this way
the plates can be adjusted by the screws a entering the slots a', so that they will
accomodate themselves to paper of different widths, and at the same time substan-
tially cover and protect the paper on both sides, they being arranged alternately
with their lips up and down as shown in Fig. 2. From the guide plate the paper is
led to the scoring or creasing rolls B mounted on suitable shafts supported in the
main frame of the machine and driven in the manner hereinafter set forth. The
shaft B' is in fixed bearings on the machine, while the shaft B is supported in
adjustable boxes, and these boxes are provided with some suitable means to adjust
the relations of the shaft BB to shaft B, as the screws B, so that the relations of
the scoring or creasing discs and bearing pieces can be accurately adjusted. The
creasers or scorers bare shown in the form of discs mounted on hubs b', which
in turn are mounted on- the shaft B³ so as to be capable of sliding longitudinally
thereon and be secured by a screw 6, so that the lines of scores or creases will be
in proper relation to the web of paper. Bearing pieces are also suitably mounted
so as to move longitudinally on the shaft B and to be secured in position thereon,
and they are provided preferably with a series of grooves & into which grooves the
scoring or creasing discs enter. It will be observed that in this way the discs may
be adjusted not only with relation to the sides of the web, but so that the paper
will be simply creased, or when desired it can be scored as it passes between 'the
rollers.
Mounted also on the frame A are the feed rollers C, C, driven by suitable power
and operating to feed the web into the machine, and the upper feed roller is
mounted in adjustable boxes controlled by some suitable means, as the screw c, so
that a sufficient bite or pressure upon the paper can be attained to ensure a positive
and accurate feed.
Sometimes the paper used is of such a nature that it is desirable to dampen or
moisten it before it is manipulated to form the box, in order to prevent its breaking
while being bent or folded, and for this purpose there is provided one or more
dampers C which are shown in the present instance as mounted on a bracket A*
(see Fig. 6) on which is also provided a reservoir C for water or other fluid, and a
suitable regulating cock 2 for supplying the moisture to the dampers C, and these
may be provided with some absorbent materiale at their lower ends which shall
come in contact with the face of the paper and dampen it sufficiently for the
purposes intended. It will be understood that this damper is not necessary in all
kinds of paper, and it may be used or not according to the requirements of any
particular case.
Arranged adjacent the feed rollers is a cutting and scoring mechanism, and' this
comprises a bed-plate D which is mounted upon a cross-piece A' attached to the
main frame, and arranged above the bed-plate is a plate D₁ which is supported
upon the guide and draw rods D' there being four shown in the present instance.
These rods pass through the plate A', and the plate D is adjustably mounted on
their upper ends by means of jamb screws D³ or similar devices. This plate D' is.
reciprocated vertically through the medium of the rods D³, and the operating
mechanism bereinafter described. The bed-plate D should be accurately adjusted
on the frame A', and there are shown dowel pins d, and screws d' for this purpose.
The plate is also recessed and provided with spring actuated followers which
yield under the downward pressure of the cutters. Mounted on this bed-plate are
guide pins d³ which serve to guide and register the cutter heads E, E¹, E³, and
also mounted on the bed-plate are the pins surrounded by springs d³ which tend
to raise the cutter heads after they are forced down by the plate D'
The cutter head E is provided with a cutter e having a central outting surface e',

page_text: :
.
"
which is preferably curved as shown in Fig. 14, and this co-operates with a cutting
plate secured to the bed-plate D: This cutter e operates on the strip to form the
cut e, Fig. 15, which extends transversely of the web of paper, but preferably not
completely across, leaving filaments or connections between the outer ends of the
cut and the edges of the strip, so that the preceding box-blank is not completely
severed from the strip by this operation. The cutter head E is provided on its
opposite lower edges with a combined cutter, creaser or scorer e; Fig. 13,
preferably having inclined cutting edges e and a scoring edge e, between the
cutting edges, and arranged between these cutters is a spring-actuated follower e".
These cutters e' co-operate with a cutter e', which is preferably made wide enough
to serve as a co-operating cutter with both of cutters e, although of course it may
be made in separate strips and attached to the bed-plate in proper position to
co-operate. with the separate cutters. It will be observed that these cutters e
score or crease the web of paper transversely on the lines, Fig. 15, while they
cut slots e, in the outer edges of the strip, and the followers d', are of a width to
correspond with the cutting edges e, and are depressed when the cutter E' descends.
The cutter head E, carries a punch e, which is adjusted in a socket by a screw
and co-operates with a cutter-plate eo, Fig. 11, fitted over an opening e", in the
bed-plate, and punches or cuts the hole e in the blank (Fig. 15) which subsequently
forms the finger-hole at the upper edges of the open end of the box. Of course, it
will be understood that in some cases, it is not necessary to form this finger-hole, in
which case the punch is omitted.
It will be observed that the frame Aº, has an opening a corresponding to
opening ell, in the bed-plate, so that the chips or punchings pass down through the
opening, and do not interfere with the operation of the punch or die.
While the dic, comprising the bed-plate and the cutter-heads connected thereto
by the guide piece and supported by the springs, can be used without other
connections being forced down by the plate D' and restored to their normal position
by the springs, it is found advantageous in some instances to connect the cutter
heads to the plate D' to aid and insure the operation of the springs. Thus, there
is shown the plate D', as provided with openings do, and on the upper side of the
plate, are arranged loose bare d', and passing through these bars are the screws d³,
entering the various cutter heads, and serving to positively lift the heads, if
perchance the springs d have not sufficient power to do so.
The bed-plate aud the cutter heads attached thereto cau be readily removed
from the machine and another bed-plate and cutters and other parts differently
arranged for different sized boxes be substituted in place thereof, and it will be
observed that the openings.d in the plate D' are of sufficient size to allow the
bars to be adjusted to meet the requirements of the various dies which may be
used in the machine. In the drawings there is also shown above the cutter heads
and attached to each one of the heads a plate F, F, F, but these are not
absolutely necessary and may be omitted, although it is preferred to interpose
them between the cutter heads and the plate D especially when the heads are
secured to the adjustable bars d'.
In order that paste, glue, or other suitable adhesive material may be applied to
the box-blank in proper position, there is provided a pasting apparatus, which
consists essentially of a vat or box G; which is shown as. mounted on an arm A,
secured to the cross-piece A, of the frame, and the box is adjustably secured
thereto by means of suitable lugs G1, Fig. 16.
The paste is to be applied in this machine on the under side of the blank, and in
order to do this there is mounted in the paste-box two pasters, they being shown as
supported on the shafts G, carrying rocking blades G³, which are provided on
their outer edges with thumb-like projectious G', by means of which they are
operated, in the manner hereinafter set forth. These pasting blades carry the
pasters, which are adjustably secured therein, and while various forms of pasters
may be used, there are shown pasters composed of strings, cords or wires, stretched
between suitable supports on the pasting blades. Thus, 'projecting from and

page_text: secured to the pasting, blades are the wires g ànd y', and mounted on the wires or
arms g, are a series of threads,, cords, or wires g², and mounted on the arms g' in the
present instance, is a single cord, this being the preferred arrangement in
connection with the particular box. described. It will be seen on reference to
Fig. 20, that paste is applied by the cords g', on the under surface of the cut ends
of the web, in a series of lines, while on the intermediate portion or one of the
sides of the box there is but a single line of paste, produced by the corresponding
single-cord g³.
Of course, it will be understood that there, may be more lines of paste, and theƑ.
may be differently arranged, according to the requirements of any particular case.
The normal position of the pasters is indicated in Fig. 19, with the pasting cords
immersed in the paste, and at the proper time, the pasting blades are brought into
the position shown in Fig. 17, to apply the paste on. the tinder side of the strip..
In order that this may be accomplished at the proper time, there are provided
arms H, which are adjustably secured to the, reciprocating rods D³, and move
therewith, and are provided at their free ends with a screw-threaded pin H', having
a set nut H², for securing the pin in the arm H. These pins Hare preferably
recessed at their bottom, and in these recesses fit the pin-points H³, thoy being
arranged to slide under spring pressure therein, their movements being controlled
by a stud H', in the slot H. It will thus be seen that when the rods D³,.,aro
brought downward, the arms moving therewith bring the pin-points Hin
contact with the thumb-like projections Gaud raise the pasting devices from the
vat and press the threads or cords against the under, side of the strip to apply the
paste thereto, and by the construction above described, the pins H₁ can be
accurately adjusted, and by the use of the spring-actuated pin-points the pressure
of the pasting devices against the strip is elastic. This is found a most satisfactory
way of applying paste, as in the construction and arrangement of the machine it is
desirable to apply but a small quantity of relatively thin adhesive material to the
parts, the adhesion depending not so much upon the quantity of adhesive material
used as upon the pressure with which the parts are brought in contact to cause
them to properly adhere in the manner hereinafter set forth.
In order that tlie strip, may be properly supported over the pasting vat, the vat
is provided with a plate G, which is adjustably supported on a standard G,
mounted in the vat, and in this instance preferably projecting beyond the front
edge of the pasting, vat. Mounted on this; edge is a guide J, having lateral
guides J, which are adjustable thereon to insure the accurate feeding of the
paper to the pasting devices.
It is also desirable to clamp the paper against the plate G³, while the paste is
being applied thereto, and while various devices may be used for accomplishing this
purpose, there is shown a plate I, adjustably connected by a screw 1, to a
sleeve. 12 which in turn is shown as adjustably connected to a rod 13, sliding in au
opening in the central and thicker portion of the plate D', and provided with a
hand-wheel and screw 1', by means of which the rod can be adjusted in, the plate.
It is not absolutely necessary to have the two adjustments thus shown, although it
is preferable. It will be seen, therefore, that as the plate D' reciprocates, the
presser plate I, reciprocates therewith and clamps the web of paper against the
plate G³. It is also desirable to have some sort of pressure ou the paper when it
is being fed forward, to prevent buckling or wrinkling, and for this purpose the
plate I is provided with a plate i, secured to one edge of the plate I, and normally
bearing on the top of the paper strip. This plate may be hinged or otherwise
attached at one edge, and in order to aid gravity, a weight is provided which fits
loosely in the socket 2, in the upper edge of the plate I, and tends to force the
bearing plate against the paper, but yields under pressure as the plate I is forced
downward. Further, as a refinement and in order to prevent suction of the plate I
on the box, its edges are provided with a series of holes or openings i³.
It will be observed that so far in the form shown in Fig. 20, the box-blank has
not been completely severed from the web, and in order to do this, and sever the

page_text: blank previous to the one being pasted, there is shown a cutting device mounted on
the rear end of the plate G', that end being beut downward to form a good support G'
for the cutters, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19. Mounted on this support is a bar K,
having pivoted at its outer ends the cutters K', and these are conveniently operated
by the reciprocating presser plate I, which in this instance is provided with pins or
projections, entering slots in the cutters and causing them to operate to sever
the filaments between the two adjacent box-blanks when the plate I is carried
downward. It will be understood that sometimes the blank is completely severed
before it is pasted, but in order that it can be fed forward with greater accuracy,
the filaments heretofore described connecting the blanks, are preferably left and
are then severed by the cutters K', or equivalent devices.
The box strip having been thus cut, scored and pasted, is next fed to the folding,
pressing, and delivering apparatus, and while this apparatus may be variously
constructed and arranged to accomplish the purpose desired, there is shown an
arrangement of devices especially adapted for the peculiar shaped box, which will
now be described in detail.
Adjustably mounted on the main frame A, is a base plate L, from which rise the
standards L', supporting the crank shaft M, carrying the plunger N. Also
mounted in a stretch-piece L, is a guide or throat L, for the plunger, the upper
edges L', of which are extended to permit the pitman M', to operate freely therein.
The plunger N may be variously formed, but is preferably provided with upward
extensions N', to act as a guide or follower for the plunger in the throat-piece, and
the pitman moves in the slot N2, between the guides.
Detachably connected to the plunger is a former O, and this can be of various
sizes to correspond with the box being made, and by substituting for the former
shown one of a different size, the plunger and its connecting mechanisms need not
be changed, the throat-piece and plunger being of a size sufficient to accomodate a
former of the largest sized box capable of being made on the machine.
The folding devices and the pressing devices are mounted on a bed P which is
secured to the bed-plate L, as by bolts or rivets 7, and is adjustable with the
bed-plate L, to and from the pasting and other mechanisms by suitable means, as a
screw, mounted in a bearing 2, on the main frame A.
The blank for forming the paper box is fed under the plunger and is folded
going through the various steps hereinafter set forth, and the pasting edges are
compressed to cause them to firmly adhere together, and in order that these
operations may be more readily understood reference will be first made to the
blank shown in Figs. 31 and 32, in which the black the part a represents the bottom
of the box, while the parts are the flaps connected to the bottom of the box,
the parts,, constitute the sides of the box, while the flaps a,,,, are the
flaps connected to the sides which form what are termed the ends of the box.
-
The problem now is to so fold the box that the bottom flaps a' will be turned up,
as seen in Fig. 32, and the flaps 1, 2, and the flaps a, e, shall be caused to
overlap the bottom flaps, and overlap each other, so that the pasting surlaces
will come in proper contact to be subjected to the pressure whereby they may be
united to form the box, indicated in Fig. 33.
Mounted in the bed plate P, and arranged to reciprocate therein are the clamps Q,
which also operate in the first instance as folders for the buttom flaps æ. These
clamps, as best shown in Figs. 5 and 26, are provided with face plates Q which
are secured in any suitable way, as by screws Q and which may be interchangeable
and made of various thicknesses, and mounted in a recess in these clamps is a
ball g, under the tension of a spring g', which projects slightly beyond the face of
the plates Q, and is arranged at one side of the central line, as clearly indicated
in Fig. 26.
:
Mounted between the clumps Q, are the side folders R, and these are provided
with a hinge joint, by means of which they are connected to a yoke-piece R¹,
which is provided with side extensions R, arranged in a slot in the bed plate, and
held in position by strips K and are adjusted in the slot by the screws R*, passing

page_text: through the bed, which screws form a fulcrum for the yoke-pieces. Also connected
to the yoke-pieces are downwardly extending arms R; which are under the tension.
of a spring R, and their ends are provided with projections arranged to take into
the notches R', in a collar R, mounted on a shaft. S. The hinges of the plate R.
are provided with a spring r, which tends to maintain the plates in a horizontal
position, as shown in Fig. 6, with their inner ends projecting towards each other,.
as shown.
Mounted on the clamps are guides T which are made of suitable material, as.
metal, and are shaped substantially as indicated in Figs. 22 and .23. and these are
each supported directly upon a sliding plate T; adjustably mounted on the top of
the clamps and secured by a screw T2, so that the guides can be moved to or from
the former, as desired. These guides aid in controlling the turning up of the flaps."
forming the ends of the box, in the manner bereinafter describerl!
"
These clamps or guides, as shown, are made in three curved sections
substantially corresponding to the flaps of the box. The curve of the sections t, is
slightly less than the curve of the other sections, so that the flaps, will escape
from the guides before the flaps of the side pieces., 3. Furthermore, the
section is shown as being a little less in length than the section 2, and the curve
is slightly more expanded, so that the flaps, will escape as soon as and
preferably a little sooner than the flaps .,, although this is a refinement, which
is not necessary. Those curves are illustrated in connection with Fig. 23, by the
section lines indicated thereon.
The invention is not to be considered however, as limited to these precise curves-
or constructions of tliese clamps, as it is found that various forms will operate with
more or less efficiency, and it is not absolutely necessary to have the side flaps.
escape at different times, although it is pretorable to have the hottom Haps escape.
from the guides before the side flaps.
Also mounted in the clamps Q-are the cam-shaped blocks U, and these are
arranged to slide in the channel T3, in which the clamps or guides T are adjusted..
These blocks have a cum face, with, rounded projection, best seen in Fig. 2+,.
and a cut-away portion ', and they are mounted upon suitable springs, so that they.
will yield as the flaps pass by them. There is shown a leaf spring U' the central
portion of which takes in a notch a, in the face of the block, and the ends of the-
springs are secured to lateral extensions Q', mounted on the clamps Q, and these.
extensions are shown in the form of metallic plates having corrugated edges
and secured to these plates Q', 'are filling pieces Q, so that their faces will be
practically in line with the face of the clamps,, and it will be understood that the-
spring U tends to maintain the blocks in the position shown in Fig. 22, but they,
yield slightly under pressure from the end-flaps of the box, but tend to hold the
flaps against the lower end of the former, as hereinafter set forth.
"
Also mounted in the bed P. centrally beneath the plunger is a spring-actuated
pin V, which yields under pressure of the plunger when the box is being folded,
but tends to raise the box, and cause it to follow the plunger to aid in its discharge,.
after it is complete.
'
The box is stripped from the plunger by the guide or throat L³, and in order to
discharge it from the machine, there is provided a knock-off L, in the form of a
bent wire hinged to the throat L³, and provided with an arm L, connected. to a
pitman L, having an adjustable rod L, which is provided with a projection 1º,.
moving in a groove N, in the side of the plunger N, and so arranged that just as
the plunger reaches its uppermost position, the projection reaches the lowermost
extremity of the slot N, causing the pitman to be raised, and moving the knock-off
arm L, in the manner indicated in Fig. 28, to throw the box out of the machine..
A spring L, is shown mounted in a recess in the throat piece L, which tends to-
restore the knock-off arm to the position shown in full lines, Fig. 28..
The clamps Q are operated by some suitable mechanism to compress the sides of
the box after it has been folded, and cause the adhesive matter to firmly unite the
flaps, and in order to best do this, as. before intimated, a relatively small quantity-

page_text: of adhesive matter is made use of, dependence being placed upon the great pressure
to cause the parts to adhere, so that they practically become embedded together,
forming an exceedingly firm and substantial union, and in this way it is not
necessary to allow time for the adhesive matter to dry, as the box is ready for use
the moment it is discharged from the machine. This method of uniting the edges
is believed to be vastly superior to any at present used, and is an important feature
of the invention, and in order to secure the requisite amount of pressure the clamps
are shown as operated by means of toggle joints. Thus mounted on the bed P, are
the blocks S', which are adjustable by the screws S2 and screws 8³, which latter
pass through slots in the bed plate. Connected to the clamps Q; and the adjustable
blocks S, are the toggle levers S, and these are connected at their point of
junction to bearing blocks S, which are arranged to be operated by the cams S6,
on the shaft S, and it will be seen that when the shaft S, is rotated; the cams
coming in contact with the bearing blocks, raise the point of junction of the toggles,
and exert an enormous pressure on the clamps bearing on the completely folded box
surrounding the plunger.. Adjustable pius S7 may be connected with the toggle
levers to regulate the downward movement of the bearing blocks S³, and con-
sequently the lateral movement of the clamps away from the plunger, so that just
sufficient space may be given for the proper folding of the flaps of the box around
the plunger, according to the character of the paper or other material' used and the
Bize of the plunger.
:
Such being the general construction of the embodiment of the invention shown in
the drawings, some means must be provided for operating the various parts at
proper times and in proper relations to each other, and while various means may be
used those illustrated will now be described.
It may be remarked that the different mechanisms are preferably operated from
different driving pulleys, there being four shown in the present instance, and these
are connected by suitable belts or otherwise, with a shaft overhead, and the pulleys
rotate continuously and are connected by suitable clutch mechanisms with other
operating parts and these clutches are controlled so that the parts will operate in
proper time to perform their function while the pulleys are rotating continuously.
Any suitable clutch or stop, motion may be used; but in Figs. 1 and 14, there
is shown a form which is preferred in which the shaft 10, carries a disc 11,
having a spring-actuated pawl 12, connected therewith, which sliould normally
engage with the internal rack 13 on the hub of the driving wheel 30, which
is loosely mounted on the shaft 10, and in the web 14 of the wheel are one or
more pins 15, which control the operation of the pawl 12. Thus, in the position
shown in Fig. 1, the pawl bears against one of the pins 15, and is held out of
engagement with the internal rack 13, and the wheel 50 can revolve freely on the
shaft 10, but when the pin or pins 15 are withdrawn the pawl is immediately thrown
outward in engagement with the internal rack 13, and the shaft rotates therewith
until the pawl is again thrown out of engagement by impinging upon the same or
another pin 15, which has meantime been thrown into the path of the pawl.
The stop motion or clutch can be used with all of the driving pulleys, and it has
not been deemed necessary to illustrate the details of construction in each case, as
its application, or the application of an equivalent device for the same purpose will
be readily understood by those skilled in the art.
What' may be termed perhaps the main driving pulley 20, is mounted upon the
sleeve of a gear 21, which is mounted on a stud 21, connected to the frame A, and
this gear engages a gear 22, mounted on a shalt 22. This shaft, as seen in Fig. 7,
is provided with eccentrics 23, on which are mounted the boxes 23, sliding in a
guide-way 23, connected to the draw-rods D2, for operating the cutting and scoring
inechanism in the manner before described.
Also mounted on the shaft 22, is a disc 24, having an adjustable sliding plate 24",
mounted in its face, to which is attached a connecting rod 24b; the other end of
which is attached to a clutch-arm 24° mounted on a pin 25 which supports the
intermittent driving gear 25. This gear is provided with a flauge 25%, with which

page_text: the clutch 24 engages when the clutch-arm 24° is moved in one direction, and over
which it slips when the clutch is moved in the other direction, in a manner well
understood. While but a single clutch-arm may be used, several are preferably
provided (three being shown in the drawing, see Fig. 1) each provided with a
clutch 24, and in this way there is ensured an accurate and positive movement of
the intermittent feed gear 25, for if one clutch does not instantly bite against
the flange, one of the others will, and great accuracy of movement is thereby
attained.
The clutch shown is a well known form of clutch for this purpose, and need not
be described in detail, it being understood that when the rod 24 is moved downward,
the clutch engages the flange, moving the gear 25, and when it moves in the other
direction, the clutch alips, allowing the gear to remain stationary, and the amount
of movement of the gear 25 is controlled by the adjustment of the sliding plate 24*.
The intermittent gear 25, meshes with a pinion 26, on one of the feed rolls C
which pinion drives a pinion 26", and the pinion 26 connects with the other feed
roll, so that they are driven in opposite directions. An idler 26 connects the
pinion 26 with the pinion 26°, on the scoring or creasing shaft B³, and the pinion 26ª
meshes therewith and is mounted on the shaft B' of the cutter or scorer.
It will thus be understood that the pulley 20 rotates continuously and through
the medium of the connecting gear, the shaft 22ª rotates and the intermittent
gear 25 is operated at regular intervals from said shaft and this in turn operates the
rotary cutting and scoring and feeding devices in unison, so that as the web is fed
forward by the feed rolls, it is scored longitudinally, and then while the intermittent
gear 25 is at rest, the eccentrics 23 on the same shaft operate the reciprocating
scoring and cutting devices through the medium of the draw-rods D', and it will be
seen that these operations bear a positive relation to each other. It will also be
observed that the pasting devices are operated through the medium of the rod 1³
and its connection, which move with the reciprocating scoring devices.
The pulley 30 is loosely mounted on the crank shaft M, which operates the
plunger, and there is a clutch 31, of a construction similar to that shown in Fig. 14,
secured to the shaft, and the pins 32 of this clutch are controlled by the bell-crank
lever 33, connecting rod 34, and lever 35, which is pivotted to a bell crank adjusting
lever 36. This lever 35 is formed with a notch 35 (see Fig. 29) and normally rests
in the groove in a pulley 27, secured to shaft, 22, which pulley has one or more
pins 27 and it will be seen that when the shaft is rotated in the direction indicated
in Fig. 29, one of the pins 27" will impinge upon the lever 35 at regular intervals
and raise it, and thus through its connections will withdraw the clutch pins 32 from
the clutch 31, allowing the pawl of the clutch to engage with the pulley 30 and
rotate the crank shaft M at the proper time. In the present instance it is desirable
that the plunger connected to the crank shaft M shall be held for a certain length
of time both in its elevated position and in its depressed position, and for this.
reason two pins 27" are provided which will operate the lever 35 twice at each
rotation of the shaft 22 and cause the crank shaft M to make a half revolution,
and then to be held stationary a certain time, to allow sufficient dwell or time for
the other operations, and then to make another half revolution and again dwell. So
that it will be seen that normally the clutch 31 is operated twice at each complete
rotation of the shaft 22.
It will be understood, of course, that the pulley 30 can rotate at a greater speed
than the speed of rotation of shaft 22", so that the plunger may be moved quickly
up or down, and a longer or shorter dwell obtained. If for instance, it is desirable
for any reason to disconnect the crank shaft M and stop its operation, by operating
the bell-crank lever 36, the lever 35 is moved in such a position that the pin or
pins 27 will come under the notch 35° and will not lilt the lever 35, and consequently
not operate the clutch pins 32, and it will thus remain until the bell-crank lever 36
is again adjusted to its normal position, when the operations will continue as
before

page_text: -
It will be obvious that the operation of the clamps should be properly timed with
relation to the operation of the plunger. In other words, they should remain in
their expanded or open position until the plunger has reached its lowermost position
and folded the box in proper shape, when they should be thrown into operation to
squeeze the sides of the box against the plunger and cause them to adhere, and the
clamps are therefore arranged to operate automatically from and in unison with
the operation of the crank shaft M.
The shaft S is shown as provided with two loose driving pulleys 40, 50 although
one is sufficient, but two give a more even motion and pressure on the clamps.
These pulleys are provided with suitable clutch mechanisms, substantially like
those heretofore described, as 41, 51, having pins 42, 52, controlling the pawls of
the respective clutches, which are not shown in detail. These pins, when both
clutches are used are connected together in the manner indicated in Fig. 30, by
connecting rods 43, 53, which are pivotted to a plate 44, mounted on a shaft 44,
so that they will be operated in unison. This shaft 44 is shown (Fig. 3) as
extending up through a column, and has at its upper end a finger or extension 44°
(Fig. 2) which is arranged in position to be struck by a crown cam 45 mounted on
an extension of the crank shaft M, and a handle 46 is also connected to the
shaft 44, so that the shaft may be operated by hand if desired.
It will thus be understood that as the crank shaft M rotates, the cam 45 impinges
upon the finger or extension 44 partially rotating the shaft 44, and with it the
plate 44, and this operates one or more of the clutch pins 42, 52, to connect the
shaft S with the driving pulleys 40, 50, one or both as the case may be, so that
the said shaft S, is rotated and the cam S will operate the toggle levers S' to move
the clamps Q to perform the squeezing or pressing operation, uniting the edges
of the box. The springs 47, 57, surrounding the pins tend to hold them in proper
position when not positively operated by the crown cam 45, or the handle 46.
Sometimes it is found desirable in order to keep the paper perfectly straight and
smooth in its passage through the machine, to provide weights; which will rest on
the
e upper surface of the paper, and there is shown a weight W, arranged between
the cutter, heads E, E and resting loosely on top of the strip of paper, and in some
instances there is provided a weight. W, which is shown, as consisting of a number
of bars loosely connected. together and resting on top of the paper strip. These
may be removed or changed as desired, and are simply used to prevent any buckling
or bending of the paper strip, and ensure the accurate register of the cuts and
scores, and thereby avoid any waste of material.
The operation of the machine may be described as follows. The material from
which the box is made is fed intermittently into the machine, being drawn in by
the feed rolls, the paper when in the form of a strip being guided and straightened
by the guides and straighteners, and the, longitudinal creases or scores are formed
in the strip in a manner hereinbefore so fully set forth that it seems unnecessary
to repeat.
It will be understood that the strip is fed forward intermittently, and, these
various operations, as well as, the application of pasto to the underside of the strip
in the desired places, are accomplished preferably before the box-blank is com-
pletely severed from the strip, and this blank, is severed by the cutters connected
to the paste box and operated by the presser-plate, and the blank rests over the
clamps Q, with its edge folds under the guides T., The plunger is then caused to
descend, and its first operation is to press the bottom z of the box downward, and
the bottom flaps, are first withdrawn from the guide T, and through the medium
of the cam-shaped blocks U they are pressed closely against the sides of the
plunger..
Meanwhile, as the plunger descende, the flaps 1, 2, are preferably withdrawn
from the guides T, and then the flaps, ', (although these operations may be
practically simultaneous), and on account of the extensions and filling pieces QQ',
these flaps are folded up substantially at right angles to the sides of the box.

page_text: It will be understood that in the form of box shown the flaps, are to be
outside of the flaps, but inside of the flaps, 7, and in order to accomplish this
as the plunger descends, the spring-actuated balls q, yield to the flaps, ', as
above indicated in Fig. 25, but tend to press them closely against the flaps, and
the sides of the plunger. Meanwhile, the side folders, which have been in a.
horizontal position, are reached by the plunger and box, and the further depression
of the plunger causes these folders to assume the position shown in Fig. 27, and in
doing this the balls 7, still press the flaps, closely against the plunger, while
the cut-away portion of the guides U direct the flaps., 7, so that they will
overlap the Haps, ³, as indicated in Fig. 24 and assume the proper positions as
the plunger moves to the extreme limit of its motion. When this position is,
reached, the pin V is depressed, the side folders are pressing the sides of the box
against the former, thus holding the flaps in propor position when the clamps,
through the medium of the toggle joints squeeze the Haps together, securing a
perfect union of the parts through the medium of the adhesive material and
pressure. The plunger then retreats, the pin tending to start the box and cause it
to follow the plunger, the side folders are restored to their horizontal position by
the springs, and the box stripped from the plunger by the throat L³, the knock-off
arm throwing it out of the machine complete.
As before stated, these operations are properly timed and are automatically
controlled with relation to each other, and it will be observed that there is a
sufficient dwell in the different operations to secure the best results.
While the various parts may be driven from one main shaft, it is found much
more advantageous to provide the several driving pulleys with automatic-clutches,
as it is desirable to have them operate at different speeds and a somewhat complex
train of gear is avoided in order to accomplish the results desired.
It is understood that a printing device can readily be attached to the machine,
so that the box can be delivered with proper printed matter thereon, when
necessary.
It is further to be understood that the details of construction of the various
parts may be varied, and parts may be used in combination with other parts or in
combination with other equivalent mechanisms, so that a single machine is adapted
to perform the necessary operations to make boxes of varying sizes and shapes,
and suitable for various purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me from
abroad by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a box-forming mechanism in which the material is fed in a continuous strip
from a reel, a straightening device, comprising a shaft having a rod or bar connected
therewith forming a loop through which the material is passed, the straightener
being adjustable, substantially as described.
2. In a box forming mechanism in which the material is fed in a continous strip,
a guide comprising two complementary parts each having a wide and a narrow lip
with a space between the lips for the passage of the material, the parts being
adjustable with relation to each other, substantially as described.
3. In a box-forming mechanism in which the material is fed in a continuous strip,
the scoring or creasing rolls comprising the adjustable liubs carrying the scoring.
and creasing blades at their ends, and the adjustable bearing pieces having a series
of grooves in their peripheries, substantially as described.
4. In a box-forming mechanism in which the material is fed in a continuous strip,
the combination with a reel, of the adjustable straightener, the adjustable guides,
the cutting and scoring rolls adjustable with relation to each other and carrying.
adjustable creasers or scorers, the bearing blocks, and the feed rolls arrangeil
adjacent the scorer, substantially as described.
5. In a box-forming mechanism in which the material is fed in a continuous strip,
the combination with the creasing or scoring rolls and the feed rolls, of a

page_text: .
dampening device arranged to dampen the surface of the material, as and for the
purpose described,
:
6. The combination with the bed plate supported on the frame of the machine
and the vertically reciprocating plate, of the cutter heads the guide pins connected
to the bed plate and controlling the cutter heads, and the springs interposed between
the cutter heads and bed-plate, substantially as described.
I
7. The combination with the bed plate having recesses provided with spring
followers, of the cutter heads, guide pins between the bed-plate and cutter heads,
springs for moving the cutter hends, and the cutters mounted on the cutter heads
co-operating with the cutting plates on the bed-plate substantially as described.
8. The combination with the bed-plate having recesses provided with spring
followers and with cutting plates secured to the bed-plate, of cutter heads connected
to said bed-plate by pins, one of the heads carrying a cutter having a central
cutting portion and another cutter head carrying two cutters each having a central
creasing portion and a cutter portion at each side of the creasing portion,
substantially as described.
9. The combination with the bed-plate of the cutter heads connected thereto and
co-operating therewith, oue cutter head carrying a cutter having a central cutting
portion another cutter head carrying two cutters each having a central creasing
portion and cutting portions at each side of the creasing portion, and another cutter
head carrying a puncb, substantially as described.
10. The combination with the bed-plate having longitudinal recesses and spring
followers therein and provided with cutting plates, of cutter heads connected to the
bed-plate, one head carrying a cutter having a central cutting portion, another
cutter head having two cutters, each having a central creasing portion and a cutting
portion opposite each side of the creasing portion, a spring follower arranged
between the last two cutters, and a third cutter head carrying a centrally arranged
punch, substantially as described.
11. The combination with the bed-plate carrying cutter plates, of the cutter
heads mounted thereon and carrying cutters co-operating with the cutter plates,
the reciprocating plate having a slot, the loose bars arranged above the recipro-
cating cutter plate, and the connections between the loose bars and the cutter
heads, substantially as described.
12. The combination with the reciprocating plate having an opening or openings
therethrough of the loose bars arranged above the openings, the interchangeable
dies comprising the bed-plate and cutter heads, and the connections between the
cutter heads and the loose bars, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the reciprocating plate, of the dics comprising the
bed-plate and cutter heads, one cutter head carrying a punch arranged to form an
opening in the strip of material passing through the die, another cutter head
carrying the combined creasing and cutting blades and arranged to make transverse
creases and flap-cuts, and another cutter head carrying a central cutter arranged to
make a transverse cut substantially across the material being operated upon,
substantially as described.
14. A pasting apparatus for a paper box machine, comprising a vat, pivoted
blades, wires supported by said blades, and cords supported ou said wires, sub-
stantially as described.
15. A pasting apparatus for a paper box machine, comprising a vat, pivoted
blades, wires carried by said blades, cords mounted on said wires, and projections
connected to the blades whereby they may be operated to apply the paste to the
under side of the material substantially as described.
16. The combination with the vat and pasting blades, of a standard mounted in
the vat, and a plate secured to the standard forming a support for the material
between the pasting blades, substantially as described.
17. The combination with the pasting vat and blades, of a plate arranged above.
the blades to support the material while being pasted, and a presser-plate secured
to said plate, substantially as described.

page_text: ..18. The combination with the paste vat and pasting blades, of a plate arranged.
above the blades to support the material while being pasted, and a weighted
presser-plate connected to said plate, substantially as described.
19. The combination with the paste vat and paster blades, of a standard having
a plate secured thereto between the blades, and a reciprocating plate above the
blades whereby the material is held in position while the paste is being applied to
the under side, substantially as described.
20. The combination with the vat and pasters, of the filament-cutters connected
to the vat, and means for operating the cutters, substantially as described.
21. The combination with the vat and pasters, of the filament-cutters connected
to the vat, a reciprocating plate above the vat, and connections between the plate
and cutters for operating the latter, substantially as described.
22. The combination with the vat and pasters, of a standard and plate attached
thereto, the filament-cutters connected to said plate, a reciprocating plate above the
vat, and connectious between the plate and cutters for operating the latter, sub-
stantially as described.
23. The combination with the reciprocating cutting and scoring device and paste
vat and pasters mounted therein, of arms connected to the cutting and scoring.
device and moving therewith and arranged to operate the pasters, substantially as
described.
24. The combination with the reciprocating cutting and scoring device, of the
adjustable paste vat, pasters mounted therein having projections or thumb-pieces,
arms connected with the reciprocating cutting and scoring device, and adjustable
connections carried by the arms and arranged to operate the pasters, substantially
as described.
25. The combination with the reciprocating cutting and scoring device and
pasting device, of a presser-plate connected to the cutting and scoring device and
arranged to operate therewith to hold the material while being pasted, substantially
as described.
26. The combination with the reciprocating cutting and scoring device and
adjustable pasting device and pasters therein, of an adjustable presser device
connected to the cutting and scoring device to operate therewith, and adjustable
paster-operating devices also connected to the cutting and scoring device to operate
therewith, substantially as described.
27. The combination with a cross-piece connected to the frame, of a reciprocating
plate, draw rods connected to said plate and passing through the cross-piece, a
paster connected to the cross-piece, à presser connected to the reciprocating plate
and operating in connection with the paster, and devices for operating the pastors
connected with the draw-rods, substantially as described.
28. The combination with the cross-piece, the reciprocating plate, the draw-rods
connected to the plate and passing through the cross-piece, and means for operating
the same, of a paste vat connected to the cross-piece, pasters mounted therein, a
presser-plate adjustably connected with the reciprocating plate, and paster-
operating devices adjustably connected with the plate, substantially as described.
29. The combination with the cross-piece, the reciprocating plate, the draw-rods,
and means for operating them, of the dies for cutting and scoring the blank, the
paster, the presser, and the paster-operating mechanism connected to the recipro-
cating plate so that the dies, presser, aud pasters operate simultaneously on the
material, substantially as described.
30. The combination with the reciprocating creaser and scorer, the paste vat,
and paster-operating devices operating simultaneously with the cutter and scorer,
of the adjustable folding, pressing and delivering apparatus, substantially as
described.
31. The combination with a throat-piece, of the plunger working therein, the
former removably connected to the plunger, and means for reciprocating the
plunger in the throat-piece, substantially as described.
32. The combination with the reciprocating former, of means for folding the
'

page_text: Un pe
PAGOSTAR
the former, substantially as described.
33. The combination with the reciprocating former, of the side folders, means for
folding the flaps against the former, and clamps for pressing the flaps against the
sides of the former, substantially as described.
•
34. The combination with the former, of the clamps, and the cam-shaped blocks,
substantially as described.
.
35. The combination with the former and clamps, of the spring-actuated' balls,
substantially as described.
36. The combination with the former and clamps, of the guides mounted on the
clamps, the cam-shaped blocks, and the spring-actuated balls, substantially' ns
described.
37. The combination" with the former and clamps, of the guides adjustably
mounted on the clamps, the cam-shaped blocks also mounted on the 'clamps, and
the spring-actuated balls mounted in recesses in the clamps, substantially as
described.
38. The combination with the former, of the cam-shaped blocks, the clamps, and
the tilting side folders, substantially' as described.
39. The combination with the former and means for folding the flaps, of the
tilting side folders arranged to be operated by the former, substantially as
described.
40. In combination with the former, of the tilting side folders, and means for
normally holding them in a horizontal position with their ends projecting in the
path of the former and arranged to be operated by the former, substantially as
described:
41. The combination with the former, of the guides formed in three sections
corresponding to the flaps, of the box, the central section being constructed to
release the flaps controlled thereby before the other flaps are released, substantially
as described.
42. The combination with the former, of means for supporting the blauk beneath
the former, devices for folding the end flaps against the former in the first part of
its downward movement, devices for folding the sides against the former, means for
directing the flaps of one side against the former and for superposing the flaps of
the other side upon the first-named flaps, and means for pressing the flaps together,
substantially as described.
43. As a means of forming a paper box from a flat blank, a reciprocating former,
means for first folding the bottom flaps against the former, means for folding the
sides against the former, devices for directing the flaps of one side in contact with
the former, devices for directing the flaps of the other side so that they will be
superposed upon the flaps of the first side, and' means for pressing the flaps together,
substantially as described.
44. In a paper box machine, the combination with intermittently operating
scorers or creasers, of reciprocating cutters and scorers, a stationary paste vat and
means for intermittently operating the pasters simultaneously with the operation of
the reciprocating cutting and scoring device, a reciprocating plunger, side folders
operated by the plunger, and squeezing clamps carrying devices for folding the side
and end flaps, substantially as described.
45. In a paper box machine, the combination with intermittently operating feed
rolls, of a clutch mechanism connected to operate the feed rolls, a reciprocating
cutting and scoring device and means for intermittently operating the same, a paste
device, a plunger and means for intermittently operating the same controlled by
the operation of the reciprocating cutter and scorer, squeezing devices, and means
for intermittently operating the same controlled by the operation of the plunger,
substantially as described.
46. In a paper box machine, the combination with the feeding, scoring and
pasting mechanisms and means for intermittently operating them, of a plunger and
meane for intermittently operating it, a squeezer and independent means for
'

page_text: intermittently operating it, and automatic controlling devices whereby the plunger
and squeezing devices are automatically oporated in accordance with the movements
of the cutting and scoring device, substantially as described.
47. In a paper box machine, the combination with the feeding, scoring and
cutting mechanisms, of pasting mechanism arranged to apply the paste upon the
under side of the material, a former means for folding the end flaps against the
former, side folders for folding the sides of the box against the former, means for
superposing the side flaps one upon the other, and means for squeezing the flaps
together, substantially as described.
48. In a paper box machine, the combination with the feeding, scoring and
pasting devices, of a driving pulley and connections for intermittently operating
said devices, a plunger, an independent driving pulley and connections for inter-
mittently operating the plunger, a squeezing device, an independent driving
pulley and connections for intermittently operating the squeezing device, and
means for controlling the operation of the plunger and squeezers automatically,
substantially as described.
Dated the let dor of October 1894