Improvements in Radiators.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 4th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1896
IROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Radiators.
We, THOMAS STEVEN, Junr., ALEXANDER WILLIAM STEVEN, both of Milton
Iron Works, North Woodside Road, in the City of Glasgow, and MCDOWALL,
STEVEN AND COMPANY, LIMITED, of the said Milton Iron Works, Ironfounders,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of
sectional radiators and to better adapt them for ventilating purposes or for
circulating the air heated by them.
Under the invention each of the sections of which the radiator is composed is
formed by a single vertical tube of such cross section that when two sections are
placed together a vertical channel or channels is or are formed between them
through which fresh air entering below may freely ascend and escape after being
heated to mingle with the air above.
The section of tube preferably employed is approximately rectangular at the
middle part and bulbous at front and back a groove like depression or corrugation
or several such being formed intermediately the entire length of the tube so that
when the several sections are bound together they meet or nearly meet at front
and rear whilst the air channels are formed between them.
The water spaces of the several sections are connected by means of transverse
flanged orifices into which nipples having right and left handed screw threads
may be screwed or having faucets formed on them at one side to receive spigots
formed on the sides of the adjoining sections, and the sections are bound together
by means of bolts passed either through the connecting water ways or externally
through snugs formed on the sections, but other forms of jointing may be used.
The nipples or spigot and faucet, or other connections between the sections;
present an obstruction to the free ascension of the air in the channels between the
sections, but the groove like depressions or corrugations formed lengthwise in
the sections nearer the front and rear permit of the air passing around these
connections. To ensure the thorough warming of the air by checking the passage of
the current through the corrugations, the latter may be waved in elevation, that is the
corrugations will not follow the perpendicular line. The water ways at top and
bottom may both be at the rear, or the bottom water way may be on the front and the
top water way at the rear to deflect the air from the wall.
The upper ends of the tubes at their bulbous edges are rounded off or formed with
return mouldings or curved to expose a series of semi-circular terminal ends at front
and rear and thus impart a highly ornate character to the completed radiator; and
at or near the lower ends ornamental effects may be produced by threading husks or
sleeves over bolts which are passed through snugs on the tubes to bind together
the tube sections.
.
When the joints at the water ways are formed by means of externally screw
threaded nipples in internally screwed orifices in the tubes, these orifices' are formed
by casting in the tubes at the water ways short tubes which have previously been
tapped with suitable screw threads thus avoiding the inconvenience and greater cost
of. handling and operating on the sections in tapping the waterways. The tapped

page_text: tubes may be formed with external fins to ensure their complete union with the hot
metal cast around them in forming the tube sections.
Dated this 1st day of November 1895.
Improvements in Radiators.
We, THOMAS STEVEN, Junr., ALEXANDER WILLIAM STEVEN, both of Milton
Iron Works, North Woodside Road, in the City of Glasgow, and MCDOWALL,
STEVEN AND COMPANY, LIMITED, of the said Milton Iron Works, Ironfounders,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has for its object to simplify and improve the construction of sectional
radiators and to better adapt them for ventilating purposes or for circulating the air
heated by them.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention Figure 1 is an end
elevation, Figure 2 a front elevation, Figure 3 a horizontal section and Figure 4 a
plan showing part of the improved radiator; and Figure 5 shows the form of washer
employed in jointing the sections of the radiator at the water ways.
a
Each of the sections of which the radiator is composed is formed by a single
vertical tube A of such cross section that when two sections are placed together
vertical channel or channels B is or are formed between them through which fresh air
entering at b, below the radiator may freely ascend and escape, after being heated, to
mingle with the air above.
The section of tube preferably employed is approximately rectangular at the middle
part and bulbous at front and back, a groove like depression or corrugation a, a, or
several such being formed intermediately the entire length of the tube so that when
the several sections are bound together they meet or nearly meet at front and rear
at c, c, whilst the air channels B are formed between them.
The water spaces I of the several sections are connected by means of transverse
flanged orifices E into which nipples having right and left handed screw threads may be
screwed or having faucets formed on them at one side to receive spigots formed on
the sides of the adjoining sections, and the sections are bound together by means of
bolts F passed either through the connecting water ways or, as shown, externally
through snugs G formed on the sections; but other forms of jointing may be used, the
joints being rendered water or steam tight by the use of lead, rubber or composite
washers of the form shown at Figure 5. The nipples or spigot and faucet, or other
connections between the sections, present as shown at E Figure 3, an obstruction to the
free ascension of the air in the channels between the sections, but the groove like
depressions or corrugations a, formed lengthwise in the sections nearer the front and
rear permit of the air passing around these connections. To ensure the thorough
warming of the air by checking the passage of the current through the corrugations,
the latter may be waved in elevation, that is the corrugations will not follow the
perpendicular line. The water ways at top and bottom may both be at the rear, or
the bottom water way may be on the front and the top water way at the rear to deflect
the air from the wall.
The upper ends of the tubes A at their bulbous edges are rounded off or formed
with return mouldings or curved to expose a series of semi-circular terminal ends at
front and rear and thus impart a highly ornate character to the completed radiator ;
and at or near the lower ends ornamental effects may be produced by threading husks

page_text: or sleeves over the bolts F which are passed through snugs G on the tubes to bind
together the tube sections.
When the joints at the water ways are formed by means of externally screw
threaded nipples in internally screwed orifices in the tubes, these orifices are formed
by casting in the tubes at the water ways short tubes which have previously been
tapped with suitable screw threads thus avoiding the inconvenience and greater cost
of handling and operating on the sections in tapping the water ways. The tapped
tubes may be formed with external fins to ensure their complete union with the hot
metal cast around them in forming the tube sections.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is―
1. A radiator the several parts of which are constructed, arranged and combined
substantially as described with reference to the annexed drawings.
2. In a radiator, forming internally screw threaded orifices at the water ways for
the reception of screwed jointing nipples, by casting short screw threaded tubes in the
radiator tubes substantially as described.
Dated his way or august
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Chartered Patent Agent,
62 Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicants.