Improvements in and connected with the Filtration of Sewage and other Foul Liquids.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Oct., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 1st July, 1898- Accepted, 27th Aug., 1898
PROVIDIUNAL DIECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Filtration of Sewage and
other Foul Liquids.
I, HENRY FLEMMING HIBBERT, of Southport Road, Chorley, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In systems of intermittent downward filtration of sewage and other foul liquids
through a bed of which the upper layer is composed of sand, or other suitable
material, it is necessary that the liquid should be allowed to spread over the whole
surface of the filter as quickly as possible upon admission, but precautions have
to be adopted to prevent the disturbance or displacement of the filtering material
by the flow of the liquid. My present invention is designed to provide against
such disturbance or displacement.
For this purpose I arrange upon the filter a special channel or special channels
the number and dimensions of which will be determined by the dimensions of
the filter and other local conditions. In the most elementary case, a single channel
extending from one end of the filter bed to the other may be employed. The
channel consists of two parallel walls which must be pervious or perforated wholly
or in considerable part so that the liquid can pass through them. The bottom of
the channel between the walls consists also by preference of a similar pervious or
perforated material, but it may be solid or partly solid and partly pervious or
perforated. Outside the walls there may be foot plates or protectors which also
may be wholly or partly composed of pervious or perforated material or of solid
matter to prevent local disturbance of the filter by liquid flowing through the walls..
The liquid is supplied to the channel or channels by any known means or devices,
as quickly as is practicable until it lies to a sufficient heght over the filter bed.
The channel or channels may or may not be wholly or partly covered.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Filtration of Sewage and
other Foul Liquids.
I, HENRY FLEMMING HIBBERT, of Southport Road, Chorley, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
[Price 8d1

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
In systems of intermittent downward filtration of sewage and other foul liquids
through a bed the upper layer of which is composed of sand or of other suitable
filtering material, it is necessary that the liquid should be allowed to spread over
the whole surface of the filtering area as quickly as possible upon admission
thereto, but precautions have to be adopted to prevent the disturbance or displace-
ment of the filtering material by the flow of the liquid.
My present invention has been designed to provide against such disturbance or
displacements of the filtering material by the means hereinafter described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
I arrange upon the filtering bed or filter a special channel or special channels,
the number and dimensions of which will be determined by the dimensions of the
filter and other local conditions. Such a channel, in its simplest form, is illustrated
in partial vertical longitudinal section by Figure 1, in vertical cross section by
Figure 2, and in partial horizontal longitudinal section by Figure 3. As shewn,
it is constructed of two parallel walls W W, which must be pervious or per-
forated wholly or in considerable part, and are, in the present example perforated
with holes about half an inch in diameter and three inches apart, arranged
quincuncially. It will be understood however that I do not limit myself to any
specific construction or arrangement of the channel walls provided always that the
fluid can pass through them. They may for example be constructed of wicker-
work. The bottom of the channel B, also may be constructed of pervious material
or be perforated in like manner with the walls, or it may be solid or partly solid
and partly pervious or perforated. Outside the channel walls there may be foot-
plates FF, or protectors which also may be constructed wholly or partly of pervious
or perforated material, their object being to prevent local disturbance of the filter-
ing material by the liquid flowing through the walls of the channel.
A single channel may extend from end to end or from side to side of the filtering
area, and this is the arrangement which would be generally adopted, but they
may obviously be otherwise arranged as may be convenient.
The foul liquid is supplied to the channel or channels by any known means or
devices as quickly as is practicable, until it lies to a sufficent height over the filter
bed whereupon the supply of the liquid is discontinued to that part of the system.
for the time.
The channels may or may not be wholly or partly covered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is-
1. In the system of the downward filtration of sewage and other foul liquids,
distributing the liquid upon the filtering area through the pervious or perforated
walls of channels arranged above the general level of the filtering surface, sub-
stantially as herin before described with reference to the acompanying drawings.
2. Channels for the distribution of sewage and other foul liquids upon filtering
areas, constructed with or having pervious or perforated walls through which the
liquid can pass, substantially as herein before described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 29th day of June & T) 1898