ада Operating upon Hemp, Flax, or other Textiles.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Dec., 1886
Complete Left, 23rd Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 25th Oct., 1887
EXP
ада
Operating upon Hemp, Flax, or other Textiles.
I GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street,
Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention (a communication from abroad by François Jules Maizier Manufacturer
and François Joseph Wilhelm Reitz Engineer both of Brussels in the Kingdom of
Belgium) to be as follows:-
:―
This invention relates to a nip with uniform pressure for hemp, flax and other
textiles and applicable for combing and like machines.
The improved nip is either single or double. The double nip is provided with a
hook by means of which it can be fixed to a broaking machine of the kind known as
Maizier and Reitz's. The simple nip is provided with two pins necessary for its
travel through the machine to which it is applied. The object of the invention is to
do away with the enormous hand labour now necessary in placing textile matters in
the nips at present employed in breaking and combing. By means of the improved
nip the flax or theo like can be nipped and released in a very rapid manner, almost
instantaneously so to say, and without having to employ any nut and key as hitherto
and in fact without having to employ any tool whatever.
The nip consists of jaws jointed together hingewise and which when brought
together can be kept closed by means of a cam operated by a plate forming a lever.
To close the nip it is only necessary to bring the jaws together to move the plate of
the lever towards the nip in order that a projection on the cam takes into a curved
part or lip of the upper jaws and then to turn the lever completely down when the
jaws will be held firmly together.
A uniform pressure is obtained as follows:-The lower or inner side of each jaw
is formed of sheet steel plates lined with rubber. These steel plates are rivetted to
cross pieces provided with oval holes through which the rivets fixed to the steel plates
pass. Other rivets are fixed to the steel plates only and press like buttons on the
cross-pieces. When the nip is opened the cross pieces are perfectly straight whilst
the steel plates are bowed. When the nip is closed the pressure exerted on the cross
TPS77

page_text: pieces and the jaws bends or bows the cross pieces, the jaws becoming flattened or
straightened in the same degree. The rivets serve for fixing and as central fulcra for
the cross pieces and steel plates respectively whilst the buttons transmit pressure from
the cross pieces to the steel plates. and vice versa. The rivets moving in the oval
holes serve to guide longitudinally the steel plates on the cross pieces. By means of
this construction a uniform and elastic nip is obtained which in addition helps to
facilitate the opening of the nip.
The hook adapted to the double nip to enable it to be suspended in the machine is
so constructed that the nip cannot accidentally escape from its support. By lightly
pressing on a lever a moveable arm is caused to enter the ring of the hook which
again closes as soon as the pressure on the lever is removed. It is only necessary for
the workman when he takes up the nip to press his thumb on the lever so as to open
the arm which closes the ring of the hook and which once placed in position can only
be removed when the lever is again pressed.

page_text: Figure 2 a plan and
Figure 3 a cross section of a single nip constructed according to this invention.
Figures 4 and
are similar views to figures 1 and 2 but shewing a double nip.
Figure 6 is a cross section of figure 5.
Figure 7 represents a plan and section, of a portion of the double nip drawn to
a larger scale.
The double nip is provided with a hook, Figure 7, by means of which it can be
fixed to a breaking machine of the kind known as Mazier and Reitz's machine. The
single nip is provided with two pins necessary for its travel through the machine to
which it is applied. The object of the invention is to do away with the enormous
hand labour now necessary in placing textile substances in the nips at present
employed in breaking and combing. By means of the improved nip the flax or the
like can be nipped and released in a very rapid manner, almost instantaneously so to
speak, and without having to employ any nut and key as hitherto and in fact without
having to employ any tool whatever.
I will now describe the construction and operation of the improved nip by
reference to figures 4 and 5.
The nip consists of jaws a¹ and a³, jointed together hingewise at 6, and which when
brought together can be kept closed by means of a cam c operated by a plate e
forming a lever. To close the nip it is only necessary to bring the jaws a¹ and a³
together, to move the plate or lever e towards the nip in order that the projecting
part of the cam c shall take into a curved part or lip à of the upper jaws a and then
to turn the lover completely down, as shewn at the left-hand side of figure 4, when
the jaws will be held firmly together.
A uniformn pressure is obtained in a novel manner and a comparison of the left
hand side of figure 4 with the right hand side of the same figure together with the
following description will enable this to be fully understood.
The lower or inner side of each jaw is formed of sheet steel plates g g lined with
rubber. These steel plates are fixed to strips ff by means of rivets h h having

page_text: central shoulders. The strips ff are provided with oval holes through which pass
rivets i fixed to the lower steel plate 9. Other rivets k are fixed to the steel
plates g g only and bear upon the strips ff. When the nip is opened the strips ff
are perfectly straight whilst the steel plates g g are bowed. When the nip is closed
the pressure exerted on the stripsff and the jaws a¹ a² bends or bows the strips ƒƒ, the
jaws a¹ a becoming flattened or straightened in proportion.
The rivets h serve for fixing and as central fulera for the strips and steel plates
whilst the rivets k k transmit pressure from the strips to the steel plates and vice
versa. The rivets moving in the oval holes of the strips ff servo to guide the
steel plates longitudinally over the strips off so that the movement of the strips
over the steel plates when they are changed from a curved position to a straight
position is effected in a sure manner. By means of this construction a uniform and
elastic nip is obtained which helps to facilitate the opening of the nip.
The hook adapted to the double nip to enable it to be suspended in the machine
is so constructed (as shown in figures 5 to 7) that the nip cannot accidentally escape
from its support. It will be seen by reference to figure 7 that by lightly pressing on
a lever a movable arm is caused to enter the ring of the hook which again closes as
soon as the pressure on the lever is removed. It is only necessary for the workman
when he takes up the nip to press his thumb on the lever so as to open the
arm which closes the ring of the hook which once placed in position can only be
removed with the nip when the lever is again pressed.
The improved nip besides allowing of the textile substance being uniformly
pressed so that none shall be drawn into the machine (which cannot be avoided with
hips having screw nut fastenings) is of very light weight and requires scarcely any
exertion to open and close it. The work is therefore rendered very easy and rapid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :—
1. A nip for use in breaking and other machines for operating upon hemp, flax, or
other textiles, consisting essentially of two flat jaws each formed of two plates and
connected together and kept at a distance apart by suitable rivets and bolts in such
a manner that when the nip is opened the inner part of cach jaw is curved whilst
the outer part is flat and on the other hand when the two jaws are brought together
and secured the inner parts of the jaws are flattened whilst the outer parts are curved
in proportion the pressure produced being elastic and uniform throughout the
whole surface of the jaws.
2. In a nip for use in breaking and other machines for operating upon hemp, flax,
or other textiles the arrangement for bringing together and fastening the two jaws,
the said arrangement consisting of a cam fixed to one of the jaws and provided with
a lever and adapted to engage in a lip on the other jaw so that by bringing the lip
in proximity to the cam and by then pressing down the lever the nip is easily effected
between the two jaws.
3. The arrangement whereby a double nip is obtained and suspended in such a
manner that it cannot come out of the machine the said arrangement consisting
essentially :
(a) of a hinge or hinges to which is fixed the lower immovable jaw of each nip
and to which the upper jaw of each of the said nips is jointed.
(b) of hooks each formed of a ring closed by a movable arm adapted to be opened
by the pressure of a lever which can be operated by the workman when
taking hold of the nip with his hand,