IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF DEXTRINE-MALTOSE AND ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES, AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BY WHICH THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE EFFECTED,
Year: 1879

page_text: AND METUIVAND
Filed 13th May 1880.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ALEXANDER
Low BRUCE, of the Firm of William Younger and Company, Brewers, GEORGE
STENHOUSE, Brewer to the said Firm, WILLIAM MCCOWAN, and ANDREW HADDOW,
all of the City and County of Edinburgh, North Britain, send greeting:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy nine, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse, William McCowan, and Andrew
Haddow, Her special license, that we, the said Alexander Low Bruce, George
Stenhouse, William McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse,
William McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF
DEXTRINE-MALTOSE AND ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES, AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
BY WHICH THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE EFFECTED," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse, William
McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, or one of us, by an instrument in writing under
our, or one of our, hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent: And
whereas, we, the said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse, William M.Cowan,
and Andrew Haddow, by an instrument in writing, being a Specification under our
hands and seals, did particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and caused the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office on the twelfth day of February,
One thousand eight hundred and eighty:
And whereas (since the said Specification was filed as aforesaid we have been
advised that the first claiming clause in our said Specification contained, when read

page_text: cation might be construed to la
claim to matter which was not new at the date of our said Patent.
We are therefore desirous of amending the said Specification and limiting th
claims thereof in the manner hereinafter set forth.
NOW KNOW YE that we, the said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse
William McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, by and with the leave of Her Majesty'
Solicitor General, for the reasons aforesaid, do alter and amend the said Specification
and claims in manner following, that is to say:-We insert between the word
"heat" and the word "whereby," which occur at line 20 of page 3 of the Queen's
Printer's copy of the said Specification, published at the Great Seal Patent Office in
One thousand eight hundred and eighty, the words "in the manner hereinafte
described." We also insert between the word "mechanism" and the word "are,'
which occur at line 22 of the said page 3, the words "of the character hereinafter
referred to." We also insert between the word "that" and the word "what," which
occur at line 20 of page 6 of the said Queen's Printer's copy, the words "we do not
claim generally the process of reducing malt, worts, glucose, or analogous substances
to a dry condition, but." We also strike out the words "or analogous substances,"
which occur at line 24 of the said page 6, and insert in place thereof the words
"by the process of drying it in films on heated surfaces." We also insert between
the word "the" and the word "machinery," which occur at line 26 of the said page
6, the words "construction and use of the."
And in order that the effect of the Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration as
aforesaid may be clearly understood, we annex bereto a copy of the said Specification
as it will appear when so altered and amended, the preamble and testing clause
being omitted.
Dextrine-maltose, glucose, malt worts, (hopped and unhopped), and other
analogous substances have hitherto been commercially obtained in a state of
glutinous or viscous liquid, or in a solid and massive state, containing a varying
per centage of water, and the object of our Invention is to obtain dextrine-maltose
in a dry pulverulent condition, or in such condition that when cold it can be readily
pulverized, and glucose, malt worts, (hopped and unhopped), and other analogous
substances in such a dry condition that when cold they can be readily pulverized
without material injury to the colour and properties thereof. This object is effected
by expelling the whole, or nearly the whole, of the water or other liquid from the
before mentioned substances or bodies by subjecting them to the action of heat, in
the manner hereinafter described, whereby the product, dextrine-maltose, is obtained
in a dry pulverulent state, and saccharine substances in such a dry condition that
when cold they can be readily pulverized. Various arrangements of mechanisin of
the character hereinafter referred to are suitable for so dessicating the dextrine-
maltose, glucose, malt worts, (hopped and unhopped), and analogous substances, but
we find the apparatus bereinafter described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings specially suited both for dessicating and for collecting the dextrine-maltose
in the dessicated pulverulent state, and glucose, malt wort, (hopped and unhopped),
and analogous substances in such a dry condition that when cold they can be readily
pulverized.
Figure 1 represents a machine or apparatus constructed or arranged according to
our Invention for treating dextrine-maltose or glucose, or analogous saccharine
substances. In the following description it is supposed that dextrine-maltose is
under treatment, but it will be understood that the same description would apply
to the treatment of glucose or analogous substances; Figure 2 is a longitudinal
section, and Figure 3, a transverse section of the hereinafter described hood for
conveying hot-air to the said dextrine-maltose; Figure 4 is a transverse section of
one of the troughs, which contain the liquid or semi-liquid dextrine-maltose to be
treated according to our Invention, the said Figure also shewing other parts, as
hereinafter described; Figure 5 is a transverse section, and Figure 6, a plan of

page_text: underside of one of the sections of scrapers or knives by which the dried or
dessicated dextrine-maltose is detached from the cylinders, as also hereinafter
described.
Metal cylinders or drums A are mounted in the framing of the machine in
proximity to each other, their peripheries preferably nearly touching, as shewn in
Figures 1 and 3. These cylinders are heated by steam, gas, fuel, or equivalent
means, but preferably by steam, this heating being effected in any of the known
and convenient methods of heating cylinders; for instance, by forming the trunnions
or axes of the cylinders hollow and passing steam into them thereby, the water of
condensation being passed therefrom by one of the hollow trunnions by a scoop or
its equivalent, such as is employed in the cylinders of paper-making machines.
When steam is used we have found that with iron cylinders a pressure of steam of
not less than 30 lbs. per square inch should be employed, but we do not limit our-
selves to this. At and extending along the outer side of each of these cylinders is
a horizontal trough B, into each of which is passed from a pipe P in measured quantity
by a pump or its equivalent, the liquid or semi-liquid dextrine-maltose to be
treated, the said dextrine-maltose flowing from the said pipe through the branch
pipe p into the said trough. In each of these troughs is mounted a brush C. The
cylinders are slowly driven in the direction of the arrows x by toothed gearing a from
the main driving shaft, which may be driven by any suitable motor, the gearing
being preferably arranged (in any manner which may be convenient), so that either
one of the cylinders may be driven whilst the other remains at rest, or so that both
cylinders may be driven at the same time. The brushes C are mounted at such a
level that their lower parts dip into the dextrine-maltose contained in the troughs B,
and motion of revolution in the direction of the arrows y (see Figure 4), is given to
the said brushes by bands or gearing from the main shaft or otherwise as may be
found convenient. Mounted above each of the brushes is a "striker" D (see
Figure 4), of the length of the brush, the said "striker" consisting of a cylinder or
a bar (as shewn), carrying projecting ribs d, the said "strikers" being at such an
elevation that the bristles or fibres of the brushes come into contact therewith.
Motion of revolution in the direction of the arrow z is also given to the "strikers
D by belts or gearing from the main shaft or otherwise as may be convenient, or
the said "strikers" may each consist of a fixed rib in place of revolving as described,
and either arrangement may be adjustable vertically if desired. Underneath and
along the length of the cylinders are mounted knives or scrapers E in contact with
the peripheries of the said cylinders. The said knives or scrapers are illustrated
separately in Figures 5 and 6, as before mentioned. The said knives are formed in
lengths or sections e (see Figure 6), each section being held in a holder f, free to
turn upon a pin x (to which it is confined by the said screw x²), on a lug y',
capable of turning upon a shaft g, carried by brackets h, bolted to a framing i,
which is held between brackets 2, hinged at 22 to the framing of the machine (see
Figure 1). The said framing brackets are supported so that the knives are in contact
with the cylinders by means of struts or otherwise as may be convenient. The
said knife sections e are held between the two plates of the holders f by bolts ƒ³,
which pass through slots f³ in the said plates and through holes in the knife
sections so that by slacking these screws f, they and the knife section may be
adjusted to project more or less from the said plates, and when so adjusted they are
fixed in the position to which they have been brought by retightening the said screws.
The back part of the knife sections may be separate from the front portion if
desired, so that the front portion may be readily replaced when worn. As shewn in
Figure 5, each lug y¹ has an arm f' upon it, and on the framing i, at the back of each
holder is a lever or catch piece ³, provided with a hook i³, and pivoted at * to
projecting portions of the framing i. Springs / are connected to the arms f* and
levers, which springs support the knife carriers f, so that the knives are in
yielding contact with the peripheries of the cylinders A, the tails of the levers 22
bearing upon pins as at By this arrangement, which it is to be understood is
"

page_text: applied to each of the knife section carriers f, the said carriers or any of them may
be readily caused to fall out of contact with the cylinder A when desired for any
purpose. The series of knife sections e of each cylinder has a horizontal to and fro
motion imparted to them; and this may be effected by means of a bar extending
along the length of each cylinder, sliding in bearings in the brackets h. Opposite
each knife section carrier f these bars are furnished with lugs or projections (²
embracing a lug or projection f5 upon each of the lugs y' of the knife section
carriers f, as seen in Figures 5 and 6. The reciprocating motion of these bars / may
be effected by any convenient means, as for instance, by a slotted cross-head on the
said bars operated by a crank pin on a disc rotated from any convenient part of the
machine. Extending along between the cylinders is or may be a heated air
conduit, and attached thereto is a hood M overlapping the said cylinders, so that it
covers and is but a short distance from the peripheries thereof, the said hood
extending by preference at least over one quarter or thereabouts of the peripheries
of the cylinders. The said hood M is mounted upon brackets m by means of
screws m³, by which its distance from the peripheries of the cylinders A can be
adjusted. Hot air from a blower or fan or from other source, and heated in any
desired way, preferably, to a temperature of or about 300° Fahrenheit is passed
into the conduit flowing out at an opening, as at m³ (Figure 2) at bottom, and by
the slit m¹ to between the cylinders rising between the hood M and the cylinders A,
and there assisting in dessicating the coating of dextrine-maltose upon the said
cylinders.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The dextrine-maltose solution to be
treated is caused to flow in a measured quantity by a pump or equivalent regulator
into the horizontal troughs B, so that the brushes C dip thereinto, preferably, to or
about the depth shewn in Figure 4, and the cylinders A being driven at a
slow rate, and the brushes C and "strikers " D being also rotated in the direction
shewn by the arrows, the said brushes C dipping into the said dextrine-
maltose elevate it in small quantities, and striking against the bars d of
the "strikers" D the bristles of the said brush C are forced back, and as
they return to their normal position the dextrine-maltose is projected or
thrown therefrom in the conditing of froth, spray, or small drops on to the
surfaces of the cylinders A, into which cylinders hot air or steam or other
heating medium is admitted, as before described, hot air being also admitted to the
air duct or channel communicating with the hood M. The dextrine-maltose
solution on being projected on to the hot metal of the cylinders A, as described,
forms thin coatings therein as the heat throws off the water or other liquid there-
from. These coatings adhere to the surfaces of the cylinders A, and on the further
rotation of the said cylinders the said coatings are further subjected. to the
dessicating or drying action of the hot air escaping at the slit mt, and passing
between the said cylinders A and the hood M. As the cylinders A continue their
revolution, the dextrine-maltose which is now in a dessicated condition is scraped
off from the said cylinders by the scrapers or knife sections e, and falls into
receptacles N placed beneath to receive it, or it may fall on to a web carrier for the
purpose of being collected at any desired point.
To maintain the dextrine-maltose at the desired level in the troughs B, the
arrangement shewn in Figure 4 may be employed, consisting as follows:-A dis-
charge pipe for surplus dextrine-maltose communicates with each trough by the
pipes b, 68, and 9, the pipe 6 opening from the bottom of the trough B, and the
pipe b being a flexible pipe connecting this pipe b with the pipe q, which is a
curved pipe rising from the discharge pipe Q, so that its curved part is at the
level at which the dextrine-maltose is to be maintained in the trough, this level
being adjustable by making the pipe q in two parts q² and q³, as shewn, the part q²
being screwed on its exterior and being provided with nuts q, by turning which
in one or other direction the bent part of the pipe q may be raised or lowered,
and the dextrine-maltose maintained at a higher or lower level in the troughs B,

page_text: as any surplus dextrine-maltose will flow off from the troughs by the said pipes
b, b, and q, until the level of the said dextrine-maltose has reached that of the
highest part of the curved pipe q, as will be readily understood by reference to
Figure 4. A shield r is provided to intercept any dextrine-maltose which may be
ejected in that direction, and a guide s in contact with or in close proximity to the
outer side of each cylinder, and extending along its length may be provided, down
which any surplus dextrine-maltose projected upon the cylinders will flow and be
returned to the troughs B.
It is to be understood that each trough B on either side may be either continuous
or be formed in sections or separate lengths constituting individual small troughs,
in which case each brush will be formed in corresponding sections, and each trough
section will be provided with supply branches p, and with a surplus discharge
arrangement similar to that hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 4.
The supply pipe P will be in communication with the outlet of a pump, or by other
means will be in communication with the reservoir or receptacle containing the
dextrine-maltose to be treated, and the discharge pipes Q may be led back to this
reservoir or receptacle.
Although we have described the machinery or apparatus for reducing dextrine-
maltose to and collecting it in the dry or dessicated state as being provided with
two cylinders A, it is to be understood that although such apparatus is preferred
to be provided with two cylinders, yet there may be but one cylinder, or there
may be more than two cylinders. In any case the arrangements are or may be
similar to those hereinbefore described.
We do not limit ourselves to any particular specific gravity for the solution to
be treated, but we have found in practice that for dextrine-maltose a specific
gravity of 1,100 to 1,200 for the solution gives good results.
As before stated, it will be understood that the machinery or apparatus herein-
before described may also be employed for reducing and recovering malt worts,
(hopped and unhopped), glucose, and analogous substances other than dextrine-
maltose, or any combination of such substances, to such a dry condition, that if
they be not scraped off the machine in a pulverulent condition they can be easily
pulverized when cold.
By treating dextrine-maltose or glucose or analogous substances according to
our Invention, essentially as hereinbefore described, the said dextrine-maltose or
glucose or analogous substance may be obtained in a pulverulent or dry condition
without material injury to the colour and properties.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may
be used or practically carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that we
do not claim generally the process of reducing malt worts, glucose, or analogous
substances to a dry condition, but what we consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein before in part recited
Letters Patent is,-
First. The treatment of dextrine-maltose or hopped and unhopped malt wort,
or glucose by the process of drying it in films on heated surfaces, essentially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Second. The construction and use of the machinery or apparatus, essentially as
and for the purposes hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
Drawings.
"
Third. The combination of a cylinder or cylinders (A), brush or brushes (C), and
" striker " or strikers" (D), essentially as and for the purposes herein before
described more particularly with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fourth. The construction of the scrapers or knives for use in the machines or
apparatus hereinbefore described, that is to say, forming the holders of the said
knives so that the knives are held in yielding contact with the dessicating cylinders,

page_text: and so that they can readily, be-lowered out of their acting position, essentially as
herein before described more especially with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse,
William McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
ALEX. L. BRUCE.
(L.S.)
GEO. STENHOUSE.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM M. COWAN.
(L.S.)
ANDREW HADDOW.
(L.S.)
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above named Alexander Low Bruce,
George Stenhouse, William McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, to file in the Great
Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which the same relates, the above 15
written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Low Bruce, of the Firm of William Younger
and Company, Brewers, George Stenhouse, Brewer to the said Firm, William
McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, all of the City and County of Edinburgh,
North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF
DEXTRINE-MALTOSE, AND ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES, AND MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS BY WHICH THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE EFFECTED."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Low Bruce,
George Stenhouse, William McCowan, and Andrew Haddow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1879.
"6
ALEXANDER LOW BRUCE, of the Firm of William Younger and Company,
Brewers, GEORGE STENHOUSE, Brewer to the said Firm, WILLIAM MOCOWAN, and
ANDREW HADDOw, all of the City and County of Edinburgh, North Britain.
IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF DEXTRINE-MALTOSE, AND ANALOGOUS SUB-
STANCES, AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BY WHICH THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE
EFFECTED."
Dextrine-maltose has hitherto been obtained in the state of a glutinous or
viscous liquid, or in a solid and massive state containing a varying per centage of
water, and the object of the present Invention is to obtain dextrine-maltose and
analogous substances in a dry pulverulent condition without injury to the colour
and properties of dextrine-maltose. This object is effected by separating
practically the whole of the water or other liquid from the dextrine-maltose by
subjecting it to the action of heat, whereby the product is obtained in a dry pul-
verulent state. Various arrangements of mechanism are suitable for so desiccating
the dextrine-maltose, but we find the following specially suitable, both for
desiccating and for collecting it in the desiccated pulverulent state :-The dextrine-
maltose is caused to flow in measured quantity by a pump or equivalent regulator
into a horizontal trough in which is a rotating brush. The action of this brush is
to elevate in small quantity the dextrine-maltose contained in the trough, and
parallel with the brush there is also arranged a rotating cylinder called a striker
whose surface is provided with blades against which the brush on revolving strikes,

page_text: so that the dextrine-maltose lifted up by the brush is projected or thrown in the
condition of froth, spray, or small drops on to the surface of a slowly rotating hot
metal cylinder. This last mentioned cylinder is, preferably, heated by steam, but
it may be heated by gas, fuel, or equivalent means.
The dextrine-maltose on being projected on this hot metal cylinder, in the
manner herein before described, forms a thin coating thereon as the heat drives off
the water or other liquid therefrom. This coating adheres to the surface of the
cylinder, and is removed therefrom by knives or scrapers which press elastically
against the cylinders' surface, and which have a slow reciprocating movement end-
wise. The desiccated dextrine-maltose thus cut or scraped off and pulverised is
collected in a receptacle into which it may directly fall, or it may fall on to a web
carrier for the purpose of being collected. The several knives or scrapers are
carried on levers connected with springs by which their pressure against the
cylinder surface is regulated, and they are provided with catch pins or stops by
the position of which they are held in or taken out of action.
Although we have described the machinery for the purpose of reducing dextrine-
maltose to and collecting it in the dry state, with reference to one desiccating
cylinder, and arrangements for supplying the dextrine-maltose to and recovering
it from the said cylinder, it is to be understood that such apparatus is preferred to
be constructed in duplicate with the drying cylinders parallel to and nearly
touching each other, and having an apparatus consisting of a hood placed between
and partly over both cylinders with the outflow or outflows of hot air placed over
and near to where the cylinders nearly touch. The current of hot air is directed
by the hood over the surface of the heated drying cylinders. This hood may also
be applied to a machine in which only one heating cylinder is used.
It is further to be understood that the machinery or apparatus forming part of
this Invention may also be used for reducing and recovering malt wort, and
analogous substances other than dextrine-maltose, and chemical, scaly, and
crystalline preparations to the pulverulent condition.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse, William McCowan, and
Andrew Haddow, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th February 1880.
ALEXANDER Low BRUCE, of the Firm of William Younger and Company,
Brewers, GEORGE STENHOUSE, Brewer to the said Firm, WILLIAM MCCOWAN, and
ANDREW HADDOW, all of the City and County of Edinburgh, North Britain. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF DEXTRINE-MALTOSE AND ANALOGOUS SUB-
STANCES, AND MACHINERY OR APPARATUS BY WHICH THE SAID IMPROVEMENTS ARE
EFFECTED."
Dextrine-maltose, glucose, malt worts (hopped and unhopped), and other
analogous substances have hitherto been commercially obtained in a state of
glutinous or viscous liquid, or in a solid and massive state containing a varying
per centage of water, and the object of our Invention is to obtain dextrine-maltose
in a dry pulverulent condition, or in such condition that when cold it can be
readily pulverized, and glucose, malt worts (hopped and unhopped), and other
analogous substances in such a dry condition that when cold they can be readily
pulverized without material injury to the colour and properties thereof. This
object is effected by expelling the whole or nearly the whole of the water or other
liquid from the before mentioned substances or bodies by subjecting them to the
action of heat, whereby the product dextrine-maltose is obtained in a dry
pulverulent state, and saccharine substances in such a dry condition that when
cold they can be readily pulverized. Various arrangements of mechanism are
suitable for so dessicating the dextrine-maltose, glucose, malt, worts (hopped and
unhopped), and analogous substances, but we find the apparatus hereinafter
described, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, specially suited both for
dessicating and for collecting the dextrine-maltose in the dessicated pulverulent
state, and glucose, malt wort (hopped and unhopped), and analogous substances in
such a dry condition that when cold they can be readily pulverized.
Figure 1 represents a machine or apparatus constructed or arranged according to
our Invention for treating dextrine-maltose, or glucose, or analogous saccharine
substances. In the following description it is supposed that dextrine-maltose is
under treatment, but it will be understood that the same description would apply
to the treatment of glucose or analogous substances. Figure 2 is a longitudinal
section; and Figure 3 a transverse section of the hereinafter described hood for
conveying hot-air to the said dextrine maltose; Figure 4 is a transverse section of
one of the troughs which contain the liquid or semi-liquid dextrine-maltose to be
treated according to our Invention, the said Figure also shewing other parts as
hereinafter described. Figure 5 is a transverse section; and Figure 6 a plan of
underside of one of the sections of scrapers or knives by which the dried or
dessicated dextrine-maltose is detached from the cylinders as also hereinafter
described.
Metal cylinders or drums A are mounted in the framing of the machine in
proximity to each other, their peripheries preferably nearly touching, as shewn in
Figures 1 and 3. These cylinders are heated by steam, gas, fuel, or equivalent
means, but preferably by steam, this heating being effected in any of the known
and convenient methods of heating cylinders; for instance, by forming the trunnions.
or axes of the cylinders hollow and passing steam into them thereby, the water of
condensation being passed therefrom by one of the hollow trunnions by a scoop or
its equivalent, such as is employed in the cylinders of paper-making machines.
When steam is used we have found that with iron cylinders a pressure of steam of
not less than 30 lbs. per square inch should be employed, but we do not limit
ourselves to this. At and extending along the outer side of each of these cylinders
is a horizontal trough B, into each of which is passed from a pipe P, in measured
quantity by a pump or its equivalent, the liquid or semi-liquid dextrinė-maltose

page_text: "3
to be treated, the said dextrine-maltose flowing from the said pipe through the
branch pipe p into the said trough. In each of these troughs is mounted a brush C.
The cylinders are slowly driven in the direction of the arrows x by toothed gearing
a from the main driving shaft, which may be driven by any suitable motor, the
gearing being preferably arranged (in any manner which may be convenient) so that
either one of the cylinders may be driven whilst the other remains at rest, or so
that both cylinders may be driven at the same time. The brushes C are mounted
at such a level that their lower parts dip into the dextrine-maltose contained in the
troughs B, and motion of revolution in the direction of the arrows y (see Figure 4)
is given to the said brushes by bands or gearing from the main shaft or otherwise
as may be found convenient. Mounted above each of the brushes is a "striker
D (see Figure 4) of the length of the brush, the said "striker" consisting of a
cylinder or a bar (as shewn) carrying projecting ribs d, the said "strikers" being at
such an elevation that the bristles or fibres of the brushes come into contact there-
with. Motion of revolution in the direction of the arrow z is also given to the
"strikers" D by belts or gearing from the main shaft or otherwise as may be
convenient, or the said "strikers" may each consist of a fixed rib in place of
revolving as described, and either arrangement may be adjustable vertically if
desired. Underneath and along the length of the cylinders are mounted knives or
scrapers E in contact with the peripheries of the said cylinders. The said knives
or scrapers are illustrated separately in Figures 5 and 6 as before mentioned. The
said kuives are formed in lengths or sections e (see Figure 6), each section being
held in a holder f, free to turn upon a pin x¹ (to which it is confined by the said
screw 22) on a lug y', capable of turning upon a shaft g carried by brackets h bolted
to a framing i, which is held between brackets z' hinged at 22 to the framing of the
machine (see Figure 1). The said framing and brackets are supported so that the
knives are in contact with the cylinders by means of struts or otherwise as may be
convenient. The said knife sections e are held between the two plates of the
holders by bolts f2, which pass through slots f³ in the said plates, and through
holes in the knife sections, so that by slacking these screws f* they and the knife
section may be adjusted to project more or less from the said plates, and when so
adjusted they are fixed in the position to which they have been brought by re-
tightening the said screws. The back part of the knife sections may be separate
from the front portion if desired, so that the front portion may be readily replaced
when worn. As shewn in Figure 5 each lug y' has an arm f' upon it, and on the
framing i at the back of each holder is a lever or catch piece is provided with a
book and pivoted at to projecting portions of the framing i. Springs kare
connected to the arms f* and levers 2, which springs support the knife carriers f, so
that the knives are in yielding contact with the peripheries of the cylinders A, the
tails of the levers bearing upon pins as at i³. By this arrangement, which it is
to be understood is applied to each of the knife section carriers f, the said carriers
or any of them may be readily caused to fall out of contact with the cylinder A
when desired for any purpose. The series of knife sections e of each cylinder has a
horizontal to and fro motion imparted to them, and this may be effected by means
of a bar extending along the length of each cylinder sliding in bearings in the
brackets h. Opposite each knife section carrier f these bars are furnished with
lugs or projections * embracing a lug or projection f³ upon each of the lugs y¹ of
the knife section carriers f, as seen in Figures 5 and 6. The reciprocating motion
of these bars may be effected by any convenient means, as, for instance, by a
slotted cross-head on the said bars operated by a crank pin on a disc rotated from
any convenient part of the machine. Extending along between the cylinders is, or
may be, a heated air conduit, and attached thereto is a hood M overlapping the
said cylinders so that it covers and is but a short distance from the peripheries
thereof, the said hood extending by preference at least over one quarter or there-
abouts of the peripheries of the cylinders. The said hood M is mounted upon
brackets m by means of screws m² by which its distance from the peripheries of the
cylinders A can be adjusted. Hot air from a blower or fan, or from other source,

page_text: and heated in any desired way, preferably to a temperature of or about 300°
Fahrenheit is passed into the conduit flowing out at an opening as at m³ (Figure 2)
at bottom, and by the slit m to between the cylinders rising between the hood M
and the cylinders A, and there assisting in dessicating the coating of dextrine-
máltose upon the said cylinders.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The dextrine-maltose solution to be
treated is caused to flow in a measured quantity by a pump or equivalent regulator
into the horizontal troughs B, so that the brushes C dip thereinto, preferably to or
about the depth shewn in Figure 4, and the cylinders A being driven at a slow
rate, and the brushes C and "strikers" D being also rotated in the direction shewn
by the arrows, the said brushes C dipping into the said dextrine-maltose elevate it
in small quantities, and striking against the bars d of the "strikers" D the bristles
of the said brush C are forced back, and as they return to their normal position the
dextrine-maltose is projected or thrown therefrom in the condition of froth, spray,
or small drops on to the surfaces of the cylinders A, into which cylinders hot air,
or steam, or other heating medium is admitted, as before described, hot air being
also admitted to the air-duct or channel communicating with the hood M. The
dextrine-maltose solution on being projected on to the hot metal of the cylinders A,
as described, forms thin coatings therein as the heat throws off the water or other
liquid therefrom. These coatings adhere to the surfaces of the cylinders A, and on
the further rotation of the said cylinders the said coatings are further subjected to
the dessicating or drying action of the hot air escaping at the slit m, and passing
between the said cylinders A and the hood M. As the cylinders A continue their
revolution the dextrine-maltose, which is now in a dessicated condition, is scraped
off from the said cylinders by the scrapers or knife sections e, and falis into recep-
tacles N placed beneath to receive it, or it may fall on to a web carrier for the
purpose of being collected at any desired point.
To maintain the dextrine-maltose at the desired level in the troughs B the
arrangement shewn in Figure 4 may be employed, consisting as follows:-A
discharge pipe for surplus dextrine-maltose communicates with each trough by
the pipes b, b, and q, the pipe b opening from the bottom of the trough B, and the
pipe 63 being a flexible pipe connecting this pipe b with the pipe q, which is a
curved pipe rising from the discharge pipe Q, so that its curved part is at the level
at which the dextrine-maltose is to be maintained in the trough, this level being
adjustable by making the pipe q in two parts, 92 and q³, as shewn, the part q³ being
screwed on its exterior; and being provided with nuts q', by turning which in one
or other direction the bent part of the pipe q may be raised or lowered, and the
dextrine-maltose maintained at a higher or lower level in the troughs B, as any
sulplus dextrine-maltose will flow off from the troughs by the said pipes b, 62, and
q until the level of the said dextrine-maltose has reached that of the highest part of
the curved pipe q, as will be readily understood by reference to Figure 4. A shield r
is provided to intercept any dextrine-maltose which may be ejected in that direction,
and a guide s in contact with or in close proximity to the outer side of each cylinder,
and extending along its length, may be provided, down which any surplus
dextrine-maltose projected upon the cylinders will flow and be returned to the
troughs B.
It is to be understood that each trough B on either side may be either continuous
or be formed in sections or separate lengths, constituting individual small troughs,
in which case each brush will be formed in corresponding sections, and each trough
section will be provided with supply branches p, and with a surplus discharge
arrangement similar to that herein before described with reference to Figure 4. The
supply pipe P will be in communication with the outlet of a pump, or by other
means will be in communication with the reservoir or receptacle containing the
dextrine-maltose to be treated, and the discharge pipes may be led back to this
reservoir or receptacle.
Although we have described the machinery or apparatus for reducing dextrine-
maltose to and collecting it in the dry or dessicated state as being provided with

page_text: two cylinders A, it is to be understood that although such apparatus is preferred to
be provided with two cylinders, yet there may be but one cylinder, or there may be
more than two cylinders. In any case the arrangements are or may be similar to
those hereinbefore described.
We do not limit ourselves to any particular specific gravity for the solution to be
treated, but we have found in practice that for dextrine-maltose a specific gravity
of 1100 to 1200 for the solution gives good results.
As before stated, it will be understood that the machinery or apparatus herein-
before described may also be employed for reducing and recovering malt worts
(hopped and unhopped), glucose, and analogous substances other than dextrine-
maltose, or any combination of such substances, to such a dry condition that if they
be not scraped off the machine in a pulverulent condition they can be easily
pulverized when cold.
By treating dextrine-maltose, or glucose, or analogous substance according to our
Invention, essentially as hereinbefore described, the said dextrine-maltose, or glucose,
or analogous substance may be obtained in a pulverulent or dry condition without
material injury to the colour and properties.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the same is or may be
used or practically carried into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we
consider to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us
by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The treatment of dextrine-maltose or hopped and unhopped malt-wort, or
glucose, or analogous substances essentially as and for the purposes herein before
described.
Second. The machinery or apparatus, essentially as and for the purposes herein-
before described, with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Third. The combination of a cylinder or cylinders (A), brush or brushes (C), and
"striker" or " strikers (D), essentially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
described, more particularly with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fourth. The construction of the scrapers or knives for use in the machines or
apparatus herein before described, that is to say, forming the holders of the said
knives so that the knives are held in yielding contact with the dessicating cylinders,
and so that they can readily be lowered out of their acting position, essentially as
herein before described, more especially with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Alexander Low Bruce, George Stenhouse
William McCowan, and Andrew Haddow, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Ninth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty
ALEX. L. BRUCE.
(L.S.)
GEO. STENHOUSE.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM MCCOWAN.
(L.S.)
ANDREW HADDOW.
(LS.)
ALEXR. L. BRUCE.
(L.S.)
GEO. STENHOUSE.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM MCCOWAN. (L.S.)
ANDREW HADDOW.
(LS.)