IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GOVERNING OR REGULATING THE SPEED OF STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Silver, of Philadelphia, in the State of
Pensylvania, United States of North America, Gentleman, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GOVERNING OR REGULATING
THE SPEED OF STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES."
Sealed the 17th May 1860, and dated the 1st December 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Silver at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st December 1859.
I, THOMAS SILVER, of Philadelphia, in the State of Pensylvania, United
States of North America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GOVERNING OR REGULATING THE
SPEED OF STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to instruments or apparatus intended more par-
ticularly, but not exclusively, for regulating or governing the motion or speed
of marine steam engines, by controlling the admission of steam thereto, and
it consists in further improvements effected by me in the arrangement and
disposition of parts of steam-engine governors, and in the mode of applying
and working them, being modifications of the Invention patented by me in
Great Britain on the 23rd day of May 1857; and, as by the last-mentioned.
Patent, I employed a fly wheel fitted upon, and either fixed to or free to turn

page_text: or revolve to a limited extent upon the governor shaft or spindle, within the
length of which single shaft is contained, in each case, the entire apparatus
of the governor; and when the fly wheel is free to turn upon the governor
shaft or centre spindle, rotary motion is communicated by the main engine to
the shaft, whilst if the fly wheel is keyed on to or otherwise secured fast upon
the shaft or spindle, then rotary motion is communicated by means of a pulley
or wheel, through the mechanical arrangements intervening between it and
the sliding socket or sleeve, and so is transmitted to the shaft or spindle
carrying the fly wheel.
Each of these arrangements being mechanically equi-
valent means, the one for the other, for effecting the same object, any want
of uniformity in the speed of the engine to be regulated or governed, and that
of the fly wheel, produces a proportionate amount of difference in the position
of the periphery of the fly wheel to the axle shaft or spindle upon which it is
hung or mounted, and this is produced or occurs from a partial revolution in
one direction or another; and where the fly wheel is keyed upon the shaft, the
same change of position or partial rotation occurs with the wheel in relation
to the mechanical contrivance attached to or connected with the driving pulley
or wheel; in either case this differential movement is employed to act upon
the throttle valve or other instrument introduced into the steam pipe, between
the boiler and the engine, for regulating the passage of the steam.
In one
class of governor, as the four-ball balanced centrifugal governor, and the other
forms of pendulous governor, I employ the fly wheel in conjunction therewith
to render such instrument more sensative and ready of action, by overcoming
their inertness; and I also employ the fly wheel mounted upon the governor
shaft or spindle, as before mentioned, and furnish it with vanes, for the purpose
of affording any desired measure of resistance; and I take advantage of the
differential action produced by change of speed or variation in the load upon
the main engine between the revolution of the central shaft or axle and the
speeded or uniform resistance to rotation of the fly wheel mounted upon the
spindle, to change the position of the sliding sleeve or socket working upon,
and cause it to travel or slide along, the revolving central shaft or spindle
against the power of a spiral or other spring. The alteration in the position
of the sliding socket or sleeve, acting upon the throttle valve through a forked
lever or other means, or where, for the convenience of fixing or working, or
of driving or setting the governor in action, I prefer to rotate or drive the
pinion and gear for acting upon the sliding socket or sleeve by having a pulley
or wheel fitted fast to the pinion of the gear, whilst the fly wheel in such case
would be keyed fast upon the shaft upon which the socket or sleeve slides.
Now so long as the velocities of the two parts of each of the arrangements or

page_text: contrivances described agree or perfectly accord, they revolve together, and no
change of the position of the sliding socket or sleeve upon the spindle or shaft
carrying the whole governor apparatus takes place; and as there is no
division of the shaft into two or more parts in the direction of its length, no
seperation is necessitated by the differences of velocity, as the entire action
requisite for the purpose takes place within the length of the spindle or shaft,
and thus the whole apparatus is as it were self-contained.
I also describe several means for transalating the motion produced by the
differential movements, and some of which are shown in the Drawings accom-
panying the Specification of my said Invention, and in each case they are
employed for the purpose of causing the sliding socket or sleeve to travel along
the spindle or shaft upon which the entire instrument or apparatus is
mounted, or within the length of which single shaft it is in each case
contained.
Now my present Invention consists, as before stated, of improvements upon my
former Invention, chiefly in the introduction of other gearing for acting upon
the sliding socket or sleeve, and causing the changes of velocity between the two
parts of the instruments or apparatus to produce the sliding back and forth of
the sleeve or socket, or its equivalent employed for acting upon the steam
admission or throttle valve, and I either use the uniform but controllable
resistance of vanes attached to the fly wheel against the atmosphere for
determining and measuring the amount of irregularity of the rotation or
velocity of the main engine, and for the compensation of such variation; or I
reverse the action of the machine, and drive or rotate either the shaft or
spindle, or the mechanical arrangement or gear interposed between the shaft
and the sliding sleeve or socket, for the purpose of acting thereupon, by means
of any uniform motion or speed communicated thereto (instead of the uniform
resistance produced by the vanes on the fly wheel, as already referred to), for
the purpose of forming a standard or means of measuring the variations in the
load upon the main engine, and taking advantage thereof to controul or
regulate the supply of steam instantaneously. For this purpose I employ any
available means by which may be insured the required speed and uniformity.
of rotation required to be imparted either to the shaft or spindle, having the
fly wheel fixed fast thereon, or to a driving pulley or wheel connected with
the translating or intermediate gear fitted upon the shaft or spindle, for the
purpose of operating upon the sliding socket or sleeve, whilst the connection,
between the main engine would, in the first-mentioned case, remain to bo
made with the translating or intermediate gear, and in the other case with the
shaft or spindle of the governor.

page_text: The transalating or intermediate gearing, which is capable of being effected
in several other ways than those previously described by me, may consist of a
screwed shaft having the sliding socket or sleeve also forming the nut working
thereon, which nut slides back and forth on studs or horns projecting from the
face of a disc, pulley, or wheel, set in motion or rotated by the main engine,
whilst the shaft or spindle, with the screw thread or threads thereupon, is
caused to rotate by any suitable or convenient means; or instead of the screw
and nut, racks and pinions may be substituted, motion being given to pinions,
which act upon the racks by a pulley, drum, or wheel, which works upon
the shaft, having attached to it, or projecting from its face, a bevil pinion or
wheel taking into a pair of bevil wheels fitted upon studs or horns projecting
from a boss or an enlargement upon the governor, spindle, or shaft, which is
otherwise and seperately rotated, and upon a difference arising between the
speed of the driven pulley or wheel with the bevil pinion and that of the shaft
or spindle carrying the two bevil wheels, the latter are turned, and in revolving
cause the pinions to act upon their respective racks, which, being connected to
the sliding socket or sleeve, cause it to travel longitudinally along the governor,
shaft, or axle, and so act upon the throttle valve; but other similar and equi-
valent mechanical means may be employed between the sliding socket or sleeve
and the other end of the governor, shaft, or spindle, by which variations or differ-
ences of speed will, as before mentioned, be made available to move or slide back
and forth the sliding socket or sleeve, all the several parts of the apparatus
comprising the governor being either fitted within the length of or working
upon the same revolving shaft or spindle, which is supported in suitable
bearings.
Rotary motion being communicated from the main engine to either the
central or the surrounding portion of the governor apparatus, the other part or
portion thereof may be driven at a uniform speed, by means of the interposition
of a regulating apparatus for insuring uniformity of speed, or it may be driven
or rotated by a donkey engine, or engine employed for feeding the boilers, or
by any auxiliary engine, or, where found desirable, by an independent engine
employed for the purpose; but whenever a donkey engine or any other descrip-
tion of engine is employed for giving motion through a band or strap, or through
spur or other wheel gearing, uniformity of motion or speed of such engine
or other power must be ensured, but subject, nevertheless, to controul, or the
necessary amount of variation to change the limit or extent of the maximum
power, which from time to time it may be necessary to develope in the main
engine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Silver in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
31st May 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
SILVER, of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, United States of North
America, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Silver, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Silver;
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Silver, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise;
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS FOR GOVERNING OR REGULATING THE SPEED OF STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Silver, my execu-
tors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calender months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Silver, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawing:-
This Invention relates to instruments or apparatus intended more particularly,
but not exclusively, for regulating or governing the motion or speed of marine
steam engines by controlling the admission of steam thereto, and it consists in
further improvements effected by me in the arrangement and disposition of
parts of steam engine governors, and in the mode of applying and working
them, being modifications of the Invention patented by me in Great Britain on
the Twenty-third day of May, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven;
and, as by the last-mentioned Patent I employed a fly wheel fitted upon, and
either fixed to or free to turn or revolve to a limited extent upon
the governor
shaft, or spindle, within the length of which single shaft in each case is con-

page_text: *tained the entire apparatus of the governor, and when the fly wheel is free to
turn upon the governor, shaft, or centre spindle, rotary motion is communicated
by the main engine to the shaft, whilst, if the fly wheel is keyed on to, or other-
wise secured fast upon the shaft or spindle, then rotary motion is communicated
by means of a pulley or wheel through the mechanical arrangements intervening
between it and the sliding socket or sleeve, and so is transmitted to the shaft
or spindle carrying the wheel. Each of these arrangements being mechanically
equivalent means the one for the other, for effecting the same object, any want of
uniformity in the speed of the engine to be regulated or governed, and that of the
fly wheel, producing a proportionate amount of difference in the position of the
periphery of the fly wheel to the axle, shaft, or spindle upon which it is hung
or mounted, and this is produced or occurs from a partial revolution in one
direction or another; and where the fly wheel is keyed upon the shaft the
same change of position or partial rotation occurs with the wheel in relation to
the mechanical contrivance attached to or connected with the driving pulley or
wheel; in either case this differential movement is employed to act upon the
throttle valve or other instrument introduced into the steam pipe between the
boiler and the engine for regulating the passage of the steam. In one class of
governor, as the four-ball balanced centrifugal governor, and the other forms
of pendulous governor, I employ the fly wheel in conjunction therewith, to
render such instruments more sensitive and ready of action by overcoming their
inertness, and I also employ the fly wheel mounted upon the governor, shaft, or
spindle, as before mentioned, and furnish it with vanes for the purpose of afford-
ing any desired measure of resistance, and I take advantage of the differential
action produced by change of speed or variation in the load upon the main
engine between the revolution of the central shaft or axle, and the speeded or
uniform resistance to rotation of the fly wheel mounted upon the spindle to
change the position of the sliding sleeve or socket working upon, and caused
to travel or slide along the revolving central shaft or spindle against the power
of a spiral or other spring, the alteration in the position of the sliding socket
or sleeve acting upon the throttle valve through a forked lever or other means;
or where, for the convenience of fixing or working, or of driving or setting the
governor in action, I prefer to rotate or drive the pinion and gear for acting
upon the sliding socket or sleeve, by having a pulley or wheel fitted fast to the
pinion of the gear, whilst the fly wheel in such case would be keyed fast upon
the shaft upon which the socket or sleeve slides.
Now, so long as the velocities of the two parts of each of the arrangements
or contrivances described agreed or perfectly accord, they revolve together, and
no change of the position of the sliding socket or sleeve upon the spindle or

page_text: shaft carrying the whole governor apparatus takes place; and there is no
division of the shaft into two or more parts in the direction of its length, no
separation is necessitated by the difference of velocity, as the entire action
requisite for the purpose takes place within the length of the spindle or shaft,
and thus the whole apparatus is as it were self-contained.
I also describe several means for translating the motion produced by the
differential movements, and some of which are shewn in the Drawings accom-
panying the Specification of my said Invention; and in each case they are
employed for the purpose of causing the sliding socket or sleeve to travel along
the spindle or shaft, upon which the entire instrument or apparatus is
mounted, or within the length of which single shaft it is in each case
contained.
Now my present Invention consists, as before stated, of improvements upon
my former Invention, chiefly in the introduction of gearing more suitable to
the combination of governor apparatus herein-after described for acting upon
the sliding socket or sleeve, and causing the changes of velocity between the
two parts of the instruments or apparatus to produce the sliding back and
forth of the sleeve or socket or its equivalent employed for acting upon the
steam admission or throttle valve; and for this purpose I employ any
available means, as herein-after described, by which may be insured the
required speed and uniformity of rotation required to be imparted to the shaft
or spindle, having the fly wheel fixed fast thereon.
The translating or intermediate gearing, which is capable of being effected
in several other ways than those previously described by me, may consist of a
screwed shaft, having the sliding socket or sleeve also forming the nut working
thereon, which nut slides back and forth on studs or horns projecting from the
face of a disc, pulley, or wheel, set in motion or rotated by the main engine,
whilst the shaft or spindle, with the screw thread or threads thereupon, is
caused to rotate by any convenient means, as herein-after described; or
instead of the screw and nut, racks and pinions may be substituted, motion
being given to pinions, which act upon the racks by a pulley, drum, or wheel,
which works upon the shaft, having attached to it or projecting from its face a
bevil pinion or wheel taking into a pair of bevil wheels fitted upon studs or
horns projecting from a boss, or an enlargement upon the governor spindle or
shaft, which is otherwise and separately rotated, and upon a difference arising
between the speed of the driven pulley or wheel with the bevil pinion and that
of the shaft or spindle carrying the two bevil wheels, the latter are turned,
and in revolving cause the pinions to act upon their respective racks, which,

page_text: being connected to the sliding socket or sleeve, cause it to travel longitudinally
along the governor shaft or axle, and so act upon the throttle valve; but other
similar and equivalent mechanical means may be employed between the
sliding socket or sleeve and the other end of the governor shaft or spindle, by
which variations or differences of speed will, as before mentioned, be made
available to move or slide back and forth the sliding socket or sleeve; all the
several parts of the apparatus comprising the governor being either fitted
within the length of or working upon the same revolving shaft or spindle,
which is supported in suitable bearings.
Rotary motion being communicated from the main engine to either the
central or the surrounding portion of the governor apparatus, the other part or
portion thereof may be driven at a uniform speed by means of the interposition
of a regulating apparatus for insuring uniformity of speed; or it may be
driven or rotated by a donkey engine, or engines employed for feeding the
boilers, or by any auxiliary engine, or where found desirable, by an independent
engine employed for the purpose; but wherever a donkey engine or any other
description of engine is employed for giving motion through a band or strap,
or through spur or other wheel gearing, uniformity of motion or speed of sucli
engine or power must be ensured, but subject, nevertheless, to control, or the
necessary amount of variation to change the limit or extent of the maximum
power, which from time to time it may be necessary to develope in the main
engine. I prefer for some purposes to employ the following arrangement and
disposition of the parts of the governing apparatus fitted upon the central axis,
shaft, or spindle, and in connection with the sliding socket or sleeve, or
attached thereto, for the purpose of giving motion, or interposed between it
and the fly wheel, for the purpose of converting circular or rotative motion
into longitudinal or traversing action of the sliding socket upon the shaft, by
means of which the requisite amount of motion or action and power may be
commuuicated to the steam admission or regulating valve promptly at the
proper time, and to the requisite extent. For the purpose of producing
uniformity of motion in prime movers, I fit upon the central shaft or axis a
fly wheel, and upon the shaft and in advance of the fly wheel, or between it
and the sliding socket, I fit a long collar, tube, or socket, at the one end of
which is a pulley or other form of driving wheel, and at the other end a bevil
wheel of any convenient size. The long collar, tube, or socket is free to revolve
upon the shaft, but cannot move longitudinally thereon; keyed fast upon the
central shaft or axis is a boss having two horns or studs projecting from the
opposite sides thereof; upon each of these studs is fitted a combined bevil and

page_text: spur wheel, the bevil portion of each taking into the opposite sides of the
bevil wheel upon one end of the long collar, tube, or socket. The spur wheel
or pinion portion of each takes into an internal toothed rack formed on one side
of a loop or frame, two of which loops or frames each having a single rack,
but upon opposite sides, and these are secured to a cross head, with which is
connected the clutch piece for working the valve spanner, or they may be
connected to suitable projections from the opposite sides of the sliding socket or
sleeve. Thus the central spindle may be driven by any suitable means, as
herein-before set forth, whilst the long collar, tube, or socket may, through the
pulley, pinion, or other wheel thereupon be driven or rotated by the main
engine, or vice versa. Or, instead of employing an independent rotative
arrangement, the speed of which may be set or made uniform, for the purpose
of rendering apparent and making available any variation in the speed of the
main engine arising from variations in the load thereon, in the resistance to be
overcome, and from which changes advantage is taken for the purpose of acting
upon the valve which governs the flow of steam to the engine or engines, I
prefer for some purposes to actuate the sliding socket or sleeve in the following
manner: I connect it with the fly wheel by means of rods or straps, as may
be preferred, for the purpose of causing it to slide back and forth, and I make
the central shaft or axis hollow entirely, or at one end only, and I cut on cach
side thereof at one end of such hollow shaft a slot, and I fit a rod or tube into
such hollow shaft, and by means of studs or pins projecting therefrom or
screwed thereinto, I secure the sliding socket or sleeve, and at the outer end
of such internal rod I connect a lever, which is held in the required position
by means of steam or other pressure acting upon or through a disc under
regulation, and to which uniformity is secured by any of the well known
means, thus whilst the main engine is rotating at a uniform speed, and in
accordance with the pre-arranged position of the internal rod working within
the hollow end of the central shaft, spindle, or axis, no change is effected in
the position of the sliding socket or sleeve, but immediately any change occurs
between those two parts, the sliding socket or sleeve is caused to traverse back
and forth.
In the accompanying Sheet of Drawings I have shewn some of the forms or
arrangements of parts of and modes of working governors constructed accord-
ing to my present Invention, and which I prefer to employ for the purposes
and in the manner herein set forth.
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, are views exhibiting one of the arrangements of
governor apparatus according to this Invention herein-before referred to; the

page_text: same letters of reference being used in these Figures to denote like or corre-
sponding parts.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevational view, in which a is the governor
spindle or shaft, supported and free to rotate in the brackets b, 61; c, half crank
keyed on to the end of the shaft a; d, donkey engine, by which the shaft a is
caused to rotate at a uniform speed; e is a boss keyed on to the shaft or
spindle a, or instead of this boss being keyed on to the shaft as shewn, it may
simply be an enlargement of the shaft at this part; f,f¹, studs or horns pro-
jecting from the boss e; g, g¹, bevil wheels fitted and rotating upon the
studs f, f; h, h¹, the racks, into which take the spur pinions i, i¹; k, sliding
socket or sleeve, free to move backwards and forwards on the shaft a, and to
which sliding socket or sleeve is attached the lever arm for working the
throttle valve; 1, crosshead, connecting, as shewn, the socket or sleeve k with
the racks h, h¹; m is a pulley driven by the main engine, this pulley having a
collar, tube, or socket n projecting from its boss, with a bevil pinion o attached
to and forming part of the same; the pulley m, with its collar, tube, or
socket n and pinion o, being free to rotate independently of the governor
spindle a. The bevil pinion o takes into the bevil wheels g, g¹³, and by which
arrangement the bevil wheels g, g¹, together with the spur pinions i, i¹, are
turned upon any difference arising between the speed of the pinion and that
of the bevil wheels, which latter, through the spur pinions i and i acting upon
the respective racks h and h¹ connected to the socket or sleeve k, cause the
same to travel longitudinally along the governor spindle or shaft a, and thus
act upon the throttle valve through a lever arm or spanner; p is a momentum
or fly wheel, rotating with and keyed upon the governor shaft or spindle a ;
q is a pulley also keyed upon the shaft a, which pulley may be driven by any
ordinary auxiliary engine, from which a connection is taken instead of
employing the independent engine d for the purpose of driving the governor
shaft or spindle a. Figure 2 is a section on the line E, F, in Figure 1, taken
through the governor shaft or spindle a and the socket or sleeve k, shewing
the crosshead connected with the ends of the racks h, h', and the centre of
the crosshead connected with the sliding socket or sleeve k, as described in the
reference to Figure 1. Figure 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line
A, B, in Figure 1, shewing the rack h with the pinion i in gear with the
same, and also shewing the forked ends of the rack connected with the cross-
head . Figure 4 is a corresponding view of the rack, &c., h, on the opposite
side of the governor shaft or spindle a; the teeth of this rack, it will be
observed, are placed on the bottom instead of the top of the loop or frame, so that

page_text: if it should be required to arrange the governor so as to allow the engine being
worked in an opposite direction, it will only be necessary to reverse the racks,
that is to say, that the right hand rack will be placed in the position of the
left hand rack, or vice versa. Figure 5 is a section taken on the line C, D, in
Figure 1, shewing more distinctly the boss e keyed on to the governor shaft or
spindle a, the pinion o at one end of the socket n, and the combined bevil and
spur wheels g, i, and g', . Whilst the pinions g and i rotate together upon
the horn or stud f, the pinions g' and in like manner rotate upon the stud f¹,
and communicate motion to the racks h and h¹ whenever a change of speed
takes place.
Figure 6 is an elevational view of another arrangement of governor appa-
ratus, as herein-before described. In this view, a is the governor shaft or
spindle screwed as shewn, to allow of the socket or sleeve b, also forming the
nut, working backwards and forwards thereupon; to the extremity c of this
socket or sleeve b is attached the lever arm of the throttle valve rod. On one
extremity of the screwed shaft a is keyed the momentum or fly wheel d,
provided with a stud c, to which is attached the head of the piston rod of the
small donkey engine f, by which arrangement the screwed shaft a is caused to
rotate at a uniform speed. On the other end of the governor shaft or spindle a
is fitted the pulley g, provided for the same purpose as the pulley 9, in
Figure 1; h is a pulley driven by a connection taken from the main engine
itself; i,, are studs or horns projecting from the face of the pulley h to
allow of the socket 6 sliding backwards and forwards thereon, and so guide
and steady the same as it travels along the screwed shaft a. The action of
this arrangement of governor apparatus has been already described.
Figures 7, 8, and 9 relate to another modification of governor apparatus
constructed according to this Invention, in which Figure 7 is an elevation,
partly in section, shewing the hollow end of the governor shaft or spindle,
and the sliding socket or sleeve, together with the mode or method as herein-
before described, of operating the same by means of the action of steam or
other elastic force upon a disc or other equivalent arrangement; Figure 8
being a section taken on the line G, H, in Figure 7. Figure 9 is a plan view
of the hollow shaft h, &c. In these Figures, a is the cylinder containing the
disc; b, the admission pipe, having a cock c therein; d is the exit pipe having
a cock e therein. By means of these cocks c and e, the admission and escape
passages can be regulated; the motion of the disc or the pressure thereupon is
through the lever f communicated through the rod g to the sliding socket or
sleeve k, surrounding and working upon the governor spindle by means of
the stud or pin l, working in the slots formed in the sides of the hollow

page_text: shaft h; m is a crosshead fitted upon or forming a part of the sliding socket or
sleeve k.
Having now described my said Invention, and illustrated it by some of the
methods which I prefer to employ in carrying the same into effect, I wish it
to be understood that I do not claim the exclusive employment of a steam
engine as a part of a governor for regulating the speed of steam or other
engines; but I do claim,―
. First, the combination of the governing apparatus, as herein described, with
a steam or other engine for giving rotary motion to the parts thereof, as set
forth.
Secondly, the combination with the several arrangements of parts or
mechanical contrivances (herein described or shewn in the Drawing hereunto
annexed) for giving motion to the sliding socket or sleeve of a governor of a
steam or other engine for giving rotary motion to one of the two parts of which
each of such governors is composed.
Thirdly, the introduction within the length of a single shaft or spindle of
the arrangements of parts as herein described (or their mechanical equiva-
lents) for producing the longitudinal motion of the sliding socket or sleeve of
a governor, without varying the longitudinal position upon the shaft or axis of
the driving pulley or wheel, which receives and transmits the motion from the
varying engine or the engine to be regulated.
Fourthly, the use or employment of steam or other pressure acting upon a
disc or other surface, in manner described, as a controllable standard by which
a governor may be caused to regulate the admission of steam or other source
of power.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Silver, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Thirtieth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
FREDERIC ROBERTS,
19, Salisbury St.,
Adelphi, W.C.
THOMAS SILVER. (L.S.)