I- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES
Year: 1865

page_text: of Middlesex, Engineer and Patent Agent, for the Invention of "I-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES,"--A com-
munication from abroad by Jean Baptiste Evrard and Jean Pierre
Boyer, Mechanicians, both of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris.
Sealed the 3rd November 1865, and dated the 13th May 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
May 1865.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES," to be
as follows:-
Hitherto in the manufacture of hinges a series of operations has been
required which both increases the labor and cost of the article. This
Invention relates to an improved apparatus for the manufacture of hinges
complete in a self-acting manner; this apparatus is represented in the
accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 being a side elevation of the machine; Fig. 2,
a plan; Fig. 3, a partial section on line 1, 2, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a transverse section
showing the punching of the plates forming the hinges; Fig. 5, a front view of
the part for feeding the plates; Fig. 6, a transverse section on line 3, 4, Fig. 2;
while Figs. 7; 8, and 9 show details of the different operations through which
71

page_text: the plates pass before being formed into hinges; lastly, Fig. 10 shows a
sectional front view of a guide for the iron wire forming the joint pins of the
hinges. The same letters apply to all the Figures.
a, foundation plate or frame of the machine, of cast iron, and of the necessary
form for carrying the various parts; b, driving shaft of the machine, turning
in bearings c, c, cast on frame a; on this shaft is mounted, 1st, the cams for
giving motion to the plate feeders; 2ndly, the cams giving motion to the
cutters of the plates; 3rdly, the cams for producing the motion of the stampers;
and, lastly, the cams in connection with the feeder of the wire joint pins.
d, standard, cast on framing a, and forked at its upper end; e, arm or bracket,
cast on standard d, also forked and forming a double support; f, cam for
giving motion to the plate feeders, and keyed on shaft b; g, connecting rod,
receiving motion from cam j, and communicating an oscillating movement to
lever h keyed on one end of a shaft i, which turns freely in the two arms of
bracket elever fixed at the other end of shaft i; k, carriage sliding in a
glovetail joint piece fixed to the base by means of screws, said carriage
receiving to-and-fro motion from lever j; m, grooves made on the lateral
surfaces of the carriage h (Fig. 5), forming guides for the strips represented in
red in the Drawings; m, n, parts for feeding the strips, jointed to lugs o
formed on carriage, the springs p keeping blades q constantly in contact with
the strips. It will be readily understood that the blades q being in an
inclined position, when the carriage travels in the direction of the arrow
they will carry the brass strips with them, while in moving in the other
direction the blades will simply slip along the strips, the latter being held by
the cutters, as will be herein-after described. The feeders thus carry
forwards at each to-and-fro motion a certain length of strip to form the hinge.
q', spring bearing on the strips of metal while in grooves m, the object being
that when a strip is used up a succeeding one shall be caused to follow the
same course. At the end of connecting rod is fitted a frame r, through
which passes the end of lever h, whose motion may be regulated by two
screws s, s, on said frame, and thus determine the length of the strip, which
is adapted in front of the steel plates t, t, fixed to the framing by any suitable
means. u, u, cams giving motion to the cutters; v, v, levers oscillating at x, 2,
and receiving motion from cams u; y y, carriers of the cutting punches,
receiving to-and-fro motion from levers v, v, and sliding in guides z, z, fixed to
the base of the machine; 1, 1, plates serving as guides for the punching and
stamping tools, placed parallel to plates (, and between which the metal strips
are received, as seen in Fig. 4; 2, 2, Fig. 4, cutting panches for forming
openings 3, 3, Fig. 7; 4, 4, dies of punches 2, 2, made in plates t, t; 5, 5,

page_text: punches serving to perforate the hinge plates at 6, 6, for receiving the screws or
nails; I may also countersink the holes 6. 6. by means of a mechanical arrange-
ment to be herein-after described; 61. 6', dies of punches 5, 5, also made in
plate. The punches 2, 2. and 5. 5, are fixed to plates 7. 7. sliding in dovetail
grooves, whereby their position may be readily adjusted. At the same time
as these punches are acting, two knives 8, 8. Fig. 2. also fixed to the punch
carriers, cut the metal of the required length for the hinge: 1 thus obtain two
plates of the form shown in Fig. 7: these two plates are then applied between
the surfaces 9 of plates f. Fig. 6. and the stamping effected. which consists in
doubling or folding the strips as represented in Figs. 8 and 9. 10. 10.
openings made in plates 9: 11, 11. stampers. By means of a horizontal
motion tending to bring said stampers towards each other the metal strips are
forced into openings 10. 10. and are so bent or folded together. On the with-
drawal of the punches the hinge plates are left in spaces 12 in the form and
position seen at Fig. 9, that is to say, in readiness to receive the joint pins.
The horizontal movement of the stampers is produced by means of levers 13. 13.
oscillating on fulera at 14. 14. and governed by cams 15. 15. keyed on the
driving shaft. The hinge plates being arranged as described. the iron wire
forming the joint is to be introduced in the space 16. formed by the junction
of the two parts of the hinge. Fig. 9: this wire is also represented in red
lines in the Drawings. 17, crank. keyed on the end of the driving shaft: 18.
connecting rod, receiving motion from the crank 17, and actuating a lever 19.
oscillating at point 20: 21, feeder of the wire acting in a similar manner to
the feed arrangement of the plates: 22. dovetail grooved plate, in which the
feeder 21 slides. At the end of connecting rod 18 is also fitted a part 23 for
regulating the delivery of the wire in a similar manner to that of the plates.
24. guide for the wire fixed to the base plate: 25. slide rod, guided in its
movement by grooves 26 and screws 27, and serving to hold the wire under
pressure in guide 24 when the feeder 21 returns to its backward position :
27, spiral or other spring. bearing on the upper end of slide rod 25, and
serving to keep the latter in constant contact with the wire; 28. lever for
raising slide rod 25. by compressing spiral spring 27, which motion is effected on
feeder 21 returning, and thus liberating the wire; 29. rod sliding in guide 30,
and communicating motion to a lever 28 by means of a cam 31 keyed on the
driving shaft; 32. wire guide, represented in detail at Fig. 10, fitted in the
interior of standard, where it is held by the aid of a binding screw through
the lateral surface of said standard. The wire also passes through a guide 33:
34, cam keyed on the driving shaft communicating an up-and-down motion
to connecting rod 35: 36, beam or lever, receiving motion from cam 34;

page_text: 37, stamper, receiving an up-and-down motion from lever 36, and sliding in a
guide 38, fixed to standard d, of sufficient size to fill the space 12, Fig. 6;
39, semicircular groove, made centrally throughout the length of space 12, for
the purpose of forming the knuckles of the hinges after the introduction of
the iron wire or pin in space 16 by bringing down stamper 37, which simul-
taneously brings together the two parts of each of the plates, and cuts off
the iron on the sharp edge of guide 33; the hinge is thus produced as
represented in red in Fig. 6. 40, cam keyed on the driving shaft 41,
to which it is fixed by the aid of a screw; this stem traverses the wire
feeder through an opening 44, thence through standard d in a horizontal
groove 45, Fig. 10, made in guide 32; and, lastly, emerging two-thirds through
space 12.
46, collar fixed on rod 41, and serving to act on a spiral
spring 47, which by the aid of a cam 40 acting on rod 41 is compressed
between collar 46 and guide 42, but when the stamper 37 rises, cam 40
liberates the rod 41, and by the effect of the spiral spring rod 43 will push out
the hinge from space 12 in a finished state at opening 48. From the foregoing
it will be readily understood that no sooner is one hinge driven out than
another is almost completely formed, thus enabling a large quantity to be
made in a very short time.
I will now describe the mechanical arrangement for finishing or counter-
sinking the holes in the hinge plates, which forms an additional apparatus
fixed on the bed plate of the machine. This mechanism consists of four drills
having continuous rotary motion, and which, by the aid of a cam and lever
suitably disposed, may be raised vertically and applied for countersinking the
four holes in the hinges. In order to render this arrangement better under-
stood I have shown an example in the four last Figures of the Drawings.
Fig. 11 shows a section of the bed plate of the machine with the apparatus
applied; Fig. 12, a plan of the gearing for communicating motion to the
drills; Fig. 13, a plan of the stamping tool; lastly, Fig. 14 shows a hinge
with the holes drilled out. The same letters of reference indicate like parts in
these four Figures.
c, toothed wheel, keyed or cast on cam 34; d, shaft, turning ver-
tically, the one part in a bearing e on the frame, and the other in a
screw carried by a cross bar g, also depending from the frame; 1, pulley
keyed on shaft i, and communicating motion thereto from pulley h by a cord
or shaft m; n, pinion keyed on shaft i, and turning therewith; o, o, brackets
fixed below the bed plate, each furnished with a groove p. in which rise and
fall the two plates q, q, connected together by ties r, r, Fig. 12. s, s, screw
sockets fitted in the lower end of plate q. and secured therein by screws t

page_text: u, u, four vertical shafts resting on sockets 's, which sockets are furnished. with
extensions carrying four drills 2, 2, opposite the four holes y, y, of the hinge.
placed on the block 12, which latter is also furnished with four holes z, z,
corresponding to the drills. The rotary motion of the drills is obtained by.
means of pinions n gearing with the four pinions 1, 1, keyed on shafts u, u,
Fig. 12. The vertical movement of these drills is intended to insure their
action on the holes in the hinges at the moment that the stamper 37 flattens
the latter on block 12: this motion is produced by means of a cam 2 keyed on
the driving shaft b, which acts at the desired times on a friction roller 3,
mounted on the end of a lever 4. oscillating on a fulcrum 5, 6, Fig. 12, forked
arm on the end of lever 4, by the oscillations of which the plates g, as also
drills x, x, fixed thereto are raised by causing pinions to slip over pinion n.
this movement placing the drills in contact with the hinges to be operated on;
7, spiral spring for facilitating the downward motion of the drills. It will be
evident that instead of four drills, I may use a greater number, and drive them
by means of toothed gearing, endless chains, or otherwise, instead of by
pullies, as described.
The Invention thus consists in the improved machinery for manufacturing
hinges herein described, reserving the right of varying the form and the
method of transmitting motion thereto without departing from the principle of
the Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th November 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer and
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Clark, Her special licence that I, the said William Clark,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland. the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HINGES," a communication to me from
abroad by Jean Baptiste Evrard and Jean Pierre Boyer, Mechanicians, both
of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Clark, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent,
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clark, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the five Sheets of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
Hitherto in the manufacture of hinges a series of operations have been
required which both increases the labor and cost of the article. This
Invention relates to an improved apparatus for the manufacture of hinges
complete in a self-acting manner. This apparatus is represented in the accom-
panying Drawings, Fig. 1 being a side elevation of the machine; Fig. 2, a
plan; Fig. 3, a partial section on the line 1, 2, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a transverse
section showing the punching of the plates forming the hinges; Fig. 5, a
front view of the part for feeding the plates; Fig. 6, a transverse section on
line 3, 4, Fig. 2: while Figs. 7, 8, and 9 show details of the different opera-
tions through which the plates pass before being formed into hinges; lastly,
Fig. 10 shows a sectional front view of a guide for the iron wire forming the
joint pins of the hinges. The same letters apply to all the Figures.
a, foundation plate or frame of the machine, of cast iron, and of the
necessary form for carrying the various parts; b, driving shaft of the machine,
turning in bearings c, c, cast on frame a; on this shaft is mounted, 1st, the
cams for giving motion to the plate feeders; 2ndly, the cams giving motion
to the cutters of the plates; 3rdly, the cams for producing the motion of the
-stampers; and, lastly, the cams in connection with the feeder of the wire
joint pins. d, standard, cast on framing a, and forked at its upper end;
e, arm or bracket, cast on standard d, also forked and forming a double sup-
port; f, cam for giving motion to the plate feeders, and keyed on shaft b;
g, connecting rod, receiving motion from cam 1, and communicating an oscil-
lating movement to a lever h keyed on one end of a shaft i, which turns freely
in the two arms of arm or bracket e; 1, lever fixed at the other end of

page_text: shaft i; k, carriage sliding in a dovetail joint piece fixed to the base by
means of screws, said carriage receiving a to-and-fro motion from lever i;
m, grooves made on the lateral surface of carriage h, Fig. 5, forming guides
for the strips represented in red in the Drawing; n, n, parts for feeding the
strips, jointed to lugs o formed on carriage h, the spring p keeping blades q
constantly in contact with the strips. It will be readily understood that the
blades q being in an inclined position, when the carriage. travels in the
direction of the arrows they will carry the brass or other strips with them,
while on moving in the other direction the blades will simply slip along the
strips, the latter being held by the cutters, as will be herein-after described. The
feeders thus carry forwards at each to-and-fro motion a certain length of strip
to form the hinge. q' spring bearing on the strips of metal while in grooves m,
the object being that when a strip is used up a succeeding one shall be caused
to follow the same course. At the end of connecting rod g. is fitted a frame »,
through which passes the end of lever h, whose motion may be regulated by
two screws s, s, on said frame, and thus determine the length of the strip,
which is adapted in front of the steel plates t, t, fixed to the framing by any
suitable means. u, u, cams giving motion to the cutters; v, v, levers oscil-
lating at x, x, and receiving motion from cams u; y, y, carriers of the cutting
punches, receiving to-and-fro motion from levers v, v, and sliding in guides z, z,
fixed to the base of the machine; 1, 1, plates serving as guides for the punching
and stamping tools, placed parallel to plates t, and between which the metal
strips are received, as seen in Fig. 4; 2, 2, Fig. 4, cutting punches for
forming openings 3, 3, Fig. 7; 4, 4, dies of punches 2, 2, made in plates t, t;
5, 5, punches serving to perforate the hinge plates at 6, 6, for receiving the
screws or nails; I may also countersink the holes 6, 6, by means of a
mechanical arrangement to be herein-after described; 6', 6', 'dies of punches
5, 5, also made in plates 1. The punches 2, 2, and 5, 5, are fixed to plates 7, 7,
sliding in dovetail grooves, whereby their position may be readily adjusted.
At the same time as these punches are acting, two knives 8, 8; Fig. 2, also
fixed to the punch carriers, cut the metal of the required length for the hinge;
I thus obtain two plates of the form shown in Fig. 7; these two plates are
then applied between the surfaces of plates t, Fig. 6, and the stamping effected,
which consists in doubling or folding the strips as represented in Figs. 8 and 9.
10, 10, openings made in plates 9; 11, 11, stampers. By means of a horizontal
motion tending to bring said stampers towards each other the metal strips are
forced into openings 10, 10, and are so bent or folded together. On the
withdrawal of the punches the hinge plates are left in space 12 in the form

page_text: and position seen at Fig. 9, that is to say, in readiness to receive the joint
pins. The horizontal movement of the stampers is produced by means of
levers 13, 13, oscillating on fulcra at 14, 14, and governed by cams 15, 15,
keyed on the driving shaft. The hinge plates being arranged as described,
the iron wire forming the joint is to be introduced in the space 16 formed by
the junction of the two parts of the hinge, Fig. 9; this wire is also represented
in red lines in the Drawings. 17, crank keyed on the end of the driving
shaft 18, connecting rod receiving motion from crank 17, and actuating a
lever 19, oscillating at point 20; 21, feeder of the wire acting in a similar
manner to the feed arrangement of the plates; 22, dovetail grooved plate in
which the feeder 21 slides. At the end of connecting rod 18 is also fitted a
part 23 for regulating the delivery of the wire in a similar manner to that of
the plates; 24, guide for the wire fixed to the base plate; 25, slide rod
guided in its movement by grooves 26 and screws 27, and serving to hold the
wire under pressure in guide 24 when the feeder 21 returns to its backward
position; 27¹, spiral or other spring bearing on the upper end of slide rod 25,
and serving to keep the latter in constant contact with the wire; 28, lever
for raising slide rod 25 by compressing spiral spring 27, which motion is
effected on feeder 21 returning, and thus liberating the wire; 29, rod sliding
in guide 30, and communicating motion to a lever 28 by means of cam 31
keyed on the driving shaft; 32, wire guide, represented in detail at Fig. 10,
fitted in the interior of standard d, where it is held by the aid of a binding screw
through the lateral surface of said standard; the wire also passes through a small
guide 33; 34, cam keyed on the driving shaft communicating an up-and-down
motion to connecting rod 35; 36, beam or lever receiving motion from cam 34;
37, stamper receiving an up-and-down motion from lever 36, and sliding in a
guide 38 fixed to standard d of sufficient size to fill the space 12, Fig. 6;
39, semicircular groove made centrally throughout the length of space for the
purpose of forming the knuckles 12 of the hinge after the introduction of the
iron wire or pin in space 16 by bringing down stamper 37, which simul-
taneously brings together the two parts of each of the plates and cuts off the
iron wire on the sharp edge of guide 33; the hinge is thus produced as repre-
sented in red in Fig. 6; 40, cam keyed on the driving shaft; 41, rod sliding
in guide 42; 43, small stem forming a continuation of rod 41, to which it is
fixed by the aid of a screw; this stem traverses the wire feeder through an
opening 44, thence through standard d in a horizontal groove 45, Fig. 10,
made in guide 32, and, lastly, emerging two-thirds through space 12;
46, collar fixed on rod 41, and serving to act on a spiral spring 47, which by

page_text: the aid of a cam 40 acting on rod 41 is compressed between collar 46 and
guide 42, but when the stamper 37 rises cam 40 liberates the rod 41, and by
the effect of the spiral spring rod 43 will push out the hinge from space 12
in a finished state at opening 48.
From the foregoing, it will be readily understood that no sooner is one
hinge driven out than another is almost completely formed, thus enabling a
large quantity to be made in a very short time.
I will now describe the mechanical arrangement for finishing or counter-
sinking the holes in the hinge plates, which forms an additional apparatus
fixed on the bed plate of the machine. This mechanism consists of four
drills having continuous rotary motion, and which by the aid of a cam and
lever suitably disposed may be raised vertically and applied for countersinking
the four holes in the hinge. In order to render this arrangement better
understood I have shown an example in the four next Figures of the Drawing.
Fig. 1 shows a section of the bed plate of the machine with the apparatus
applied; Fig. 12, a plan of the gearing for communicating motion to the
drills; Fig. 13, a plan of the stamping tool; lastly, Fig. 14 shows a hinge
with the holes drilled out. The same letters of reference indicate like parts
in these four Figures.
c. toothed wheel keyed or cast on cam 34; d, shaft turning vertically, the
one part in a bearing e on the frame, and on the other in a screw carried by
a cross bar g, also depending from the frame; 1. pulley keyed on shaft i, and
communicating motion thereto from pulley h by a cord or strap m; n, pinion
keyed on shaft i, and turning therewith; o, o, brackets fixed below the bed
plate, each furnished with a groove p, in which rise and fall the two plates q, q,
connected together by ties r, r, Fig. 12; s, s, screw sockets fitted in the lower
end of plate q, and secured therein by screws t; u, u, four vertical shafts
resting on sockets s, which sockets are furnished with extensions carrying four
drills, x, opposite four holes y, y, of the hinge placed on the block 12,
which latter is also furnished with four holes z, z, corresponding to the drills.
The rotating motion of the drills is obtained by means of pinion n gearing
with the four pinions 1, 1, keyed on shaft u, u, Fig. 12. The vertical move-
ment of these drills is intended to ensure their action on the holes of the
hinges at the moment that the stamper 37 flattens the latter on block 12;
this motion is produced by means of a cam 2 keyed on the driving shaft b,
which acts at the desired times on a friction roller 3 mounted on the end of a
lever 4 oscillating on a fulcrum 5; 6, Fig. 12, forked arm on the other end
of lever 4, by the oscillations of which the plates g, as also drills z, z, fixed
thereto, are raised by causing pinions 1 to slide on pinion n; this movement

page_text: places the drills in contact with the hinges to be operated on; 7, spiral
spring for facilitating the downward motion of the drills. It will be evident
that instead of four drills I may use a greater number, and drive them by
means of toothed gearing, endless chains, or otherwise, instead of by pulleys as
described.
Figs. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 represent further modifications in the
machinery for the manufacture of hinges forming the subject of this Invention.
The modifications consist, 1st, in the addition of an apparatus which I
term the strip feeder," for conducting the strips up to the point at which
they are seized by the blades q, q, before described; this apparatus has the
advantage of saving the workmen the task of introducing a second strip at the
exact moment the preceding one is finished, as each strip when placed in this
apparatus is fed forward at such a speed as to enable it to rejoin the preceding
strip before it has left the machine; 2ndly, in the improved arrangement of guide
38 of the stamper 37, whereby the latter may be readily mounted or dismounted,
for this purpose the guide 38, instead of being fixed by four bolts is held in
position by a lever oscillating on standard d.. These modifications are
represented in the Drawings, Fig. 15 shewing a vertical elevation of the
strip feeder on line 1, 2, Fig. 18; Fig. 16, a front view; Fig. 17, an end
view; and Fig. 18, plan of said machine. The same letters apply to the
several Figures.
a, frame of the strip feeder, of cast iron, fixed in front of the hinge making
apparatus at any suitable point; b, outside framing placed in front of frame a,
and in which turn the shafts c, d, e, f; g, h, i, j, rollers keyed in shafts c, d, e, f;
k, l, m, n, pinions also keyed on said shafts below the framing. These shafts
are mounted in bearings 1, 1, fitted to slide horizontally in openings 2, 2, made
in frame b, the spiral springs 3, 3, acting on rollers g, j, also serve to keep
the latter in contact with rollers h, i; o, o, o, o, guide plates mounted on the
lateral surface of framing a by means of screw bolts p, p, received in slots r
made in said plates; s, plate also fixed in front of frame b; it is furnished
with two rectangular openings t, t, which may be regulated in width by means
of sliding plates u, u, fixed by screw bolts », v. The shaft d is extended
below and carried by a bearing a fixed to frame a.
lower end of shaft d, rotating in the direction of the arrow, it being driven by
a strap z, and pulley of smaller diameter keyed on the shaft transmitting
motion to the drills. The parts being thus arranged the following is the
method of feeding the strips: The shaft d being rotated, pinion com-
municates the motion to the pinions k, m. n, and thus to rollers c, d, e, f,
which turn in the direction indicated by the arrows. Supposing a strip of
y, pulley keyed on the

page_text: metal 5 to be introduced in each of the openings f. t. they will be drawn
through by rollers g, h, and i, j, which turn in contrary directions, and slide
along the lateral face of frame a in guides o, 0, 0, 0, until they are seized by
the blades q. q. of the machine. The transmission of motion to the feed
rollers should be so regulated that they have a much higher speed than the
blades, in such manner that a strip 5 on being introduced into the machine
may overtake the strip 4 before it has left, and so continue in its motion.
When the two strips 4 and 5 are end to end, the latter participates in the
speed of the former, which is regulated by that of the machine. the rollers
c, d, e, f. continuing to rotate at their original speed and in frictional contact
with the strips. It will be understood that for strips of different sizes or
thickness it is simply necessary to regulate the position of the plates o, o, and
u, u, by means of nuts p and v, while the rollers c, f. may be separated from
d, e, by simply compressing the springs z, z.
Fig. 19 shows an elevation of the guide for the stamper, and Fig. 20, a
plan of same. The same letters and figures of reference serve for both
Figures. 37, stamper. previously described; d, standard cast on the frame of
the machine, as before described; a, guide of stamper 37; b', b', pins fixed
in said guide; b. cap of the guide, having four holes for receiving pins b', b';
c. counterpart formed on cap b; e, forked lever oscillating on joint pin f of
standard d. From the foregoing it will be seen that the cap b being placed
on guide a by means of pins b', b, will be held in position by depressing the
weighted end c of the lever e. By this simple arrangement the stamper may
be readily removed when desired, or placed in position. I reserve the right
of varying the method of transmitting motion to feeders k, k, in order to
dispense with arm 1, Fig. 1, and permit of the oscillation of forked lever e.
I also reserve the right of employing any suitable arrangement for straightening
the wire to be fixed at the back of the machine, which serves to straighten
the wire forming the joint pins of the hinges before their introduction into the
machine.
Lastly, I will describe a method of polishing the metal strips before
they are subjected to the action of the machine. This polishing is effected
on one side only of the strips, and of a certain width. viz... on the side at
which the holes are bored or countersunk. This method of polishing the strips
before their manufacture possesses the advantage of enabling the hinges to be
turned out of the machine ready for use.
I have represented an arrangement of polishing apparatus in the Drawings
ai Fig. 21, which is a vertical elevation of the apparatus, at Fig. 22 in plan,
and Fig. 23 in detail, while Fig. 24 shows the polished side of the strip of

page_text: metal, and Fig. 25 the same strip punched out by the improved machinery
herein-before described in order to form a hinge. The same letters and
figures of reference indicate similar parts in the several Figures.
a, framing
of the apparatus, furnished with lugs and bosses for carrying the various
parts; b, lever arm, oscillating on an axis c; d, shaft pivotted at e, e, in the
loop of lever d; on this shaft are keyed an emery wheel and pulley g.
furnished with a driving strap h; i, j, friction rollers turning at the front part
of the machine in bearings k, l, the strip métal being first passed between
these rollers; m, spiral spring pressing on bearing . and thus causing
roller to bear constantly on, this latter is furnished with a collar a, on
which rests one edge of the strip to be guided; o, lever oscillating at p, and
furnished with a projection r, serving to raise the wheel and roller i simul-
taneously when it is desired to place a fresh strip in the apparatus; 8, s. friction
rollers for guiding the strips placed on each side of the wheel f; t. lever oscillating
at point u, and furnished at the end with a foot ;, spiral spring acting on
foot v, so as to keep the strip to be polished in contact with the emery wheel,
the pressure exerted by the foot being regulated by a screw g: z, friction
roller, serving as a guide for the strip of metal. 1, reel, on which are wound
the polished strips; 2, spindle of same, mounted at the back part of the
apparatus, and receiving motion from the driving shaft 3 by driving strap 4,
and toothed gearing 5, 6. The spindle 2 is composed of two parts fitted onc
on the other, and firmly secured by the stop lever 7, Fig. 23, in such manner
that when the reel is fitted it may be readily replaced by another.
I may
also dispose a table at the front of the apparatus to form a guide for the
introduction of the strips between the friction rollers i, j, and further a knife
may be laterally disposed, which in bearing on the edge of the strip not
resting on the collar before mentioned serves to remove any roughness pro-
duced by the stamping of the strips, and regulates their width. It will be
understood that the reel I turning in the direction indicated by the arrow
by the aid of driving gear 4, 5, 6, the strips are so drawn through and
polished between the foot and the contact surface of emery wheel f It will
also be seen that by varying the position of the emery wheel by the adjustable
pivots e, e, and the strips always preserving the same position, the latter may
be polished on a greater or less extent of surface. The part which is polished
is represented in red color in Figs. 24 and 25. The strips are only polished on
one side and on half of their surface (that part forming the inside of the
hinge) which is exposed to view.
Having described the nature of this Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, 1 declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected

page_text: by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the improved machinery
for the, manufacture of hinges in the manner described and represented in the
Drawings annexed, the chief features of which apparatus are,
1st, the parts for feeding the metal strips, and iron, brass, or other metal
wires intended to form the joints of the hinges.
2ndly, the parts for punching the strips.
3rdly, the folders of the punched strips.
4thly, the stampers forming the knuckles of the hinges.
5thly, the prompt and easy means of mounting or dismounting the stamper.
6thly, the arrangement of the drills for countersinking the holes in the
hinges.
7thly, the arrangement of parts for transmitting motion, to the several
apparatus simultaneously, although reserving the right of making such
modifications therein as may be deemed suitable, without however departing
from the principle of the Invention.
8thly, the method of polishing the metal strips before their introduction
into the machine, all as herein-before described and represented in the
Drawings annexed.
In witness whercof, I, the said William Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness,
JAMES DAISH,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
W. CLARK. (L.S.)