Improved Regulating Gear for the Pumping Engines of a Hydraulic Forging or other Press.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 20th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Regulating Gear for the Pumping Engines of a Hydraulic
Forging or other Press.
I, CHARLES DAVY, of 30, Whitworth Road, Ranmoor, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improved gear for controlling the speed of the pumping
engines of a hydraulic forging or other press and such gear is designed for use in
substitution for the "hunting gear" described in the Specification of a previous Patent
granted to me dated the 29th day of September 1884 No. 12,920. The primary
object of this improved gear is to prevent the "running way" of the pumping engines
under any conditions of the load. The operation of the gear is such that as the
resistance to be overcome increases, the steam valve of the engine admits more steam
and conversely so that enough steam is always supplied to run the engines at any
predetermined speed, a limit of speed being imposed which cannot be exceeded. The
gear may either be set so as to cause the engines to run at an approximately uniform
speed, whether the engines be running "light" or not, or the steam valve may be
opened in a less proportion than the increase of the resistance, so that the speed of
the engines diminishes as the load increases.
The invention consists essentially in the combination, with the steam stop valve or
regulating valve, of a hydraulic ram constantly acted on in one direction by the
hydraulic pressure (if any) existing in the delivery pipe of the pumps and in the
other direction by a spring, the connection between the ram and the valve being either
direct or through the medium of a handing lever which is capable (when worked by
hand) of a limited motion sufficient for opening the steam valve to the proper extent
for running the pumping engine at the desired speed when working "light" and of a
further motion in the same direction for opening the steam valve to a greater extent
when the pumping engine is working against the resistance of the forging, such further
motion of the lever being either produced by the ram or by the hand of the attendant
following up the movement of the ram. When a handing lever is thus used, the
valve may act both as a regulating valve and also as a stop valve for cutting off the
steam entirely when required, the handing lever being movable by hand to close
the steam valve independently of the action of the ram.
When the ram is connected directly to the valve, the latter would be a regulating
valve only, independent of the stop valve worked in the ordinary way.
Dated this 18th day of January 1890.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Regulating Gear for the Pumping Engines of a Hydraulic
Forging or other Press.
I, CHARLES DAVY, of 30, Whitworth Road, Ranmoor, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and
by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improved gear for controlling the speed of the pumping
engines of a hydraulic press for forging or other purposes where the water is pumped
against a variable resistance, as for instance directly from the pumping engines into
the cylinders of the press (as distinguished from the employment of a dead weight
accumulator) and such gear is particularly designed for use in substitution for the
[Price 8d.1

page_text: so-called "hunting gear" described in the Specification of a previous Patent granted
to me dated the 29th day of September 1884, No. 12920.
The primary object of this improved governing gear is to prevent the "running
away" of the pumping engines under any conditions of the load.
The governing gear is such that the quantity of steam supplied is, to a certain
extent, dependent on the resistance to be overcome and the speed at which it is desired
that the pumping engines shall run under the different conditions of working, the
effect of the governing gear being that, when the press-head is being depressed against
a forging offering little resistance, the supply of steam is limited according to the
speed at which it is then desired the pumping engines shall run, and, as the resistance
increases, the steam valve of the pumping engine is, or can be, opened wider, to
admit more steam, so that only enough steam is at any time supplied to run the
engines at any predetermined speed, which cannot, however, he exceeded, whatever
may be the resistance (if any) to overcome. The gear may either be adjusted so as
to cause the engines to run at an approximately uniform speed whether the engines
be pumping against a low or a high resistance; or the steam valve may be opened in
a less proportion than the increase of the resistance, so that the speed of the engines
diminishes as the load increases. For example, when the resistance to be overcome is
small, the engines may run at, say, 100 revolutions per minute and at 50 revolutions
per minute when the maximum hydraulic pressure is required.
The invention consists essentially in the combination, with the steam-valve, of a
hydraulic ram constantly acted on in one direction by the hydraulic pressure (if any)
existing in the delivery pipe of the pumps and in the other direction by a spring;
the hydraulic pressure tending to open, and the spring tending to shut, the said valve.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this
Specification, wherein I have represented, in sectional elevation, three slightly different
examples of my improved governing gear. In all the figures the same letters of
reference indicate similar parts and the arrows indicate the direction of the steam to
the engines.
A is the hydraulic ram, working in a ram case B in constantly open communication,
by a pipe C, with the delivery pipe of the steam pumping engines, 1) is the spring
acting on the ram in opposition to the hydraulic pressure in the ram case B, and E is
the steam valve to be operated or controlled.
In Figure 1, which represents the preferred arrangement, the connection of the
ram with the valve is through the medium of a hand lever F and of a connecting
rod G adjustably connected to the slotted arm of an L-shaped lever H, the hand
lever F being pivoted on a fixed fulcrum at f and passing through a slot a in the head
of the ram A, the length of the slot a being such that the lever (when worked by
hand) is capable of a limited motion (independently of the ram A) sufficient for
opening the steam valve to the proper extent for running the pumping engine at the
desired speed when running under a light load, that is to say before the pumps have
generated any hydraulic pressure, this initial opening of the valve being limited by
the lever coming against a stop g formed by the end of the slot a. When the pumping
engine is working against the resistance of the forging, the hydraulic pressure
increases in the ram case B, the ram A is moved out against the pressure of the
spring D, and the hand lever F is then capable of a further motion in the same
direction for opening the steam-valve to a greater extent, such further motion of. the
lever being produced by the hand of the attendant following up the movement of
the ram.
To enable the valve E to be used both as a regulating valve and also as a stop valve
for cutting off the steam entirely when required, the slot a is made of such a length
that the hand lever may at all times be brought over to shut the valve E, even when
the ram A is at the full extent of its outward stroke, the slot a only limiting the
motion of the lever in one direction.
In Figure 2 the action is similar, the hand lever F being pivoted at f to the ram A
and its motion in one direction limited by an adjustable stop g. To start the engines,
the hand lever is moved on f as a fuleruin until it comes against the stop 9 which is
g

page_text: so set as to admit just enough steam to the engines to run them at required speed
against a light resistance. The hand lever F continuing to be held against the stop g
by the hand of the attendant, it follows that, as the resistance of the forging (and
consequently the hydraulic pressure) increases, the ram A moves the lever F about the
stop g as a fulcrum and so opens the valve E to admit more steam. In this case also
the valve E may act both as a regulating valve and also as a stop valve for cutting off
the steam entirely, when required, the hand lever being movable by hand to close the
steam valve independently of the action of the ram.
In Figure 3 the ram operates directly on the valve E, which, in this case, acts only
as a regulating valve, that is to say it is never quite closed by the action of the spring D,
the motion of the ram being limited by an adjustable screw-stop b so that in its nearly
closed position it will pass enough steam to run the engines under a light load. An
independent stop valve I, worked in the ordinary way, is provided for shutting off the
steam entirely, when required.
It will be evident that the speed at which the engines will run may be varied by
varying the effective length or range of the spring D, or by changing it for another
of different strength. It will also be evident, that, in each of the above described
examples, the valve E, instead of being a double beat, or a reciprocating plug valve,
as illustrated, might be a rotary valve, corresponding ports being provided in the
valve and its seat and the valve spindle having a short lever arm to which the
hydraulic ram is connected, as before. My invention is, therefore, not limited to
the particular form of steam-valve employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :—
1. In hydraulic press pumping engines, the combination, with the steam-regulating
valve, of a hydraulic ram constantly acted on in one direction by the hydraulic
pressure opposed to the pumping engines and in the other direction by a spring
tending to close the steam valve so that the opening of the valve beyond a certain
extent is dependent on the resistance to be overcome by the pumping engines, substan-
tially as, and for the purpose, specified.
2. In hydraulic press pumping engines, the combination, with the steam-regulating
valve, of a hydraulic ram acted on in one direction by the hydraulic pressure opposed
to the pumping engines and in the other direction by a spring, the rain being so
connected to the valve as to permit of the valve being opened by hand sufficiently for
running the engines under a light load, the further opening of the valve being
dependent on the position of the ram under the opposing forces acting on it, sub-
stantially as specified.
3. In hydraulic press pumping engines, the combination, with the steam-regulating
valve, of a hydraulic ram acted on in one direction by the hydraulic pressure opposed
to the pumping engines, and in the other direction by a spring, and of a hand lever
connected to the valve and working in a slot in the ram head so that the opening of
the valve, beyond a certain point, is dependent on the position of the ram and on the
movement of the hand lever by the attendant, whilst the valve may be closed indepen-
dently of the ram, substantially as specified.
4. In hydraulic press pumping engines, the combination, with the steam-regulating
valve, of a hydraulic ram acted on in one direction by the hydraulic pressure opposed
to the pumping engines and in the other direction by a spring, and of a hand lever
jointed to the ram and connected to the valve, and of an adjustable stop limiting the
motion of the valve independently of the ram and acting as a fulcrum for the lever
when the valve is operated by the ram, substantially as specified.
Dated this 14th day of October 1890.