Improvements in Cowls for Chimneys and Ventilating Shafts.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd June, 1887
Complete Left, 22nd Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 22nd June, 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cowls for Chimneys and Ventilating Shafts.
THOMAS SEAVILLE TRUSS of 82, Thornhill Road Barnsbury Road London N.
Professor of Natural Philosophy, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
These Improvements consist in the construction of smoke and air Ejectors, whereby
the force or action of the external air is employed to eject the smoke or air from
within such Ejectors, and so from the chimneys or flues on or over which such
Ejectors are placed; Also in the construction of Injectors, whereby the external air
entering such Injectors enters and pass through the flues on or over which such
Injectors are fixed; applicable for chimneys and for ventilators.
The first part of my said Improvements consist in constructing the Ejector with a
circular formed hollow box about as long as it is in diameter, and in this box two
chambers are formed by a division on a circle from its diametrical centre, and the
centre chamber thus formed I call the receiving chamber, and the chamber sur-
rounding this receiving chamber I call the Ejecting chamber; the inlet for the
smoke or air from the chimney or flue to the receiving chamber is through an
orifice made in one end of the box, and the outlets for the smoke or air from the
receiving chamber are made at equal distances apart in the division forming such
receiving and ejecting chambers; the number of such outlets being two or more
according to the size or diameter of the box, and these outlets extend to about the
entire length of the division in which they are formed, and the sum of the areas of
such outlets are about equal to the area of the inlet orifice into the receiving chamber
from the chimney or flue, and the mouths of such outlets or openings in the division
are bont or curved outwards for a given distance from their centres, and in the outside
of the circumference of the box a like number of inlets are formed for the admission
of the external air for the entire length of the box, and the sum of the areas of these
inlets are of about the same area as the outlets from the receiving chamber, and
the mouths of these inlets or openings are bent or curved outwards for a given
distance from their centres, and are arranged to be midway between the outlets from
the receiving chamber, but half of these inlets become outlets for the smoke or air
from the ejecting chamber according to the direction of the current of the external air.

page_text: The seccond part of my said Improvements consist of forming the Ejector with two
or more chambers arround the receiving chamber, by two or more divisions in such
Ejector, but the outlets and inlets from the several chambers are constructed and
arranged in manner herein before first described.
By these contrivances the current of the external air entering the ejecting chamber
by the inlets in the outer circumference of the Ejector, is diverted by the bent or
curved mouths of the outlets (from the receiving chamber) in the division within
such Ejector, from entering such outlets, and in its course through the ejecting
chamber ejects the smoke or air through such of the opposite inlets which have
become the outlets for the course of the smoke or air, and the bent or curved mouths
of the inlets that are at right angles to the course of the external air diverts such
air from entering them.
The third part of my said Improvements consists of a modification of the arrange-
ments herein before described, whereby the Ejector is converted into an Injector to
convey the external air through it into the air flue over which it may be placed. For
this purpose all the outlets also become inlets, the mouths of which may be bent or
curved outwards as before described or inwards, and for each inlet in each division
within such Injector a projection is formed with a base of a given width, to a point
with a given length as a triangle, and this projection is arranged with its base against
one division or the outer shell of the box (as the case may be) with the point thereof
to enter for a short distance into the centre of the mouth of each inlet.
By these contrivances the external air is conducted through the Injector into the
air flue over which it may be placed.
The fourth part of my said Improvements consist of constructing on a spindle
arranged to rotate in guides the thread of a screw or one or more sections thereof
similar to a screw propeller, and this propeller is arranged to rotate in the receiving
or centre chamber of the Ejector or Injector or in a tube or flue below it, and one
end of the spindle to which the propeller is attached passes through the top of the box,
and to this end of the spindle another propeller or fan is attached with oblique vanes
for the force of the external air to act on, to give rotation to the propeller within or
below the receiving or centre chamber of such Ejectors and Injectors.
By these contrivances additional velocity is obtained to eject the smoke or air
through the Ejector, or to inject air through the Injectors.
For some purposes I mount such Ejectors and Injectors on a centre pin or spindle,
that the same may revolve on or arround such pin or spindle, and on the cap or top
thereof I arrange a vane for the force of the current of the external air to act on,
whereby such Ejectors and Injectors are retained in such a position, that one or
more of the inlets in the outer circumference thereof are in a line with the current
of the external air.
The several parts of my said Improvements are held together by any of the well
known contrivances for such purposes.
I have described the box or external form of the Ejector and also of the Injector as
circular, but they may be of any desired form.
As my said Improvements are capable of various modifications without departing
from the principle thereof, I do not restrict myself to material, dimensions, or the
precise form or placement of the several parts thereof.
Dated this 22nd day of June 1887.
THOMAS SEAVILLE TRUSS.

page_text: Improvements in Cowls for Chimneys and Ventilating Shafts.
I, THOMAS SEAVILLE TRUSS of No. 82 Thornhill Road Barnsbury London N.
Professor of Natural Philosophy, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
These Improvements consist in the construction of smoke and air Ejecting cowls,
whereby the force or action of the external air is employed to eject the smoke or air
from within such cowls, and so from the chimneys or air flues on or over which such
cowls are placed ; also in the construction of air Injecting cowls, whereby the external
air entering such Injecting cowls, enters and pass through the flues on or over
which such Injecting cowls are fixed; applicable for chimneys and for ventilating
shafts.
The First part of my said Improvements consists of constructing the Ejector cowls
with a circular or other shaped hollow box about as long as it is in diameter, and in
this box two chambers are formed by a division on a circle from its diametrical
centre, and the centre chamber thus formed I call the receiving chamber, and the
chamber surrounding this receiving chamber I call the ejecting chamber; the inlet
for the smoke or air from the chimney, flue or air shaft, to the receiving chamber is
through an orifice made in the end or bottom of the box having a tube thereto, and
the outlets for the smoke or air from the receiving chamber are made at equel
distances apart in the division forming such receiving and ejecting chambers; the
number of such outlets being two or more according to the size or diameter of the
box, and the outlets extend to about the entire length of the division in which they
are formed, and the sum of the areas of such outlets are about equel to the area of
the inlet orifice into the receiving chamber from the chimney, flue or air shaft, and
the mouths of such outlets or openings in the division are bent or curved outwards
for a given distance from their centres, and in the outside shell or sircumference of
the box a like number of inlets are formed for the admission of the external air for
about the entire length of the box, and the sum of the areas of these inlets are of
about the same area as the outlets from the receiving chamber, and the mouths of these
inlets or openings are bent or curved outwards for a given distance from their centres,
and are arranged to be midway between the outlets from the receiving chamber, but
half of these inlets become outlets for the smoke or air from the ejecting chamber
according to the direction of the current of the external air, that is:-that they act
jointly.
The first modification of the foregoing arrangement consists of constructing a cap
to close the top of the receiving chamber, and this cap is arranged to slide on a guide
or rods to open and close such end of the receiving chamber of such cowl.
The second modification of the arrangement herein before first described, consists
of arranging the joint inlets and outlets in a vertical line with the chimney, flue or
air shaft, and the outlet from the receiving chamber horizontal thereto; for this
purpose the bottom of the box is dispensed with, but the tube thereof is lengthened to
form part of the receiving chamber, the upper or top end of this tube is curved or

page_text: bent outwards, and above this end of this tube, at a given distance therefrom, a double
concave cone diverting plate is suspended (by stays or other well known contrivances)
to complete the receiving chamber and form the outlet for the smoke or air therefrom,
with the point of one cone pointing down the centre of the chimney or air shaft, and
the point of the other cone pointing in the opposite direction, and arround this tube and
double concave cone diverting plate an outer shell is formed, that surrounds and over-
laps the outlet from the receiving chamber but at a given distance therefrom, to give
a passage for the smoke and air between such outer shell and the outlet from the
receiving chamber.
For some purposes I combine the last described modification with the arrangement
first described, by attaching the arrangement last described to the top of the receiving
chamber of the arrangement herein before first described.
The Seccond part of my said Improvements consist of forming the cowls with two
or more chamber arround the receiving chamber, by two or more divisions in such
cowls, but the outlets and inlets from the several chambers are constructed and
arranged in manner as herein before described.
By these contrivances the current of the external air entering the ejecting chamber
by the inlets in the outer shell or circumference of such cowls, is diverted from
entering the receiving chamber by the bent or curved mouths of the outlets in the
division, and in its course through the ejecting chamber ejects the smoke or air
through such of the opposite inlets which have become the outlets for the course of
the smoke or air, and the bent or curved mouths of the inlets that are at right angles
to the course of the external air, diverts such air from entering them.
The Third part of my said Improvements consist of a modification of the arrange-
ments herein before described, whereby the Ejecting cowl is converted into an
Injecting cowl to convey the external air through it into the air flue or shaft over
which it may be placed; for this purpose all the outlets also become inlets, the mouths
of which may be bent or curved outwards as herein before described, or inwards, and
for each inlet in each division within such Injecting cowl, a projection is formed with
a base of a given width, to a point with a given length as a triangle, and this pro-
jection is arranged with its base against one division or the outer shell of the box (as
the case may be) with the point thereof to entre for a short distance into the centre
of the mouth of each inlet, or the outer shell of the box, and also the division
or divisions within the cowl may be bent at those parts thereof to the shape
described.
By these last described contrivances the external air is conducted through such
Injecting cowls into the air shaft or flue over which they may be placed.
The Fourth part of my said Improvements consist of constructing on a spindle
arranged to rotate in guides the thread of a screw, or one or more sections thereof
similar to a screw propeller, and this propeller is arranged to rotate in the receiving
or centre chamber of such cowls, or in a tube, box, or flue below it, and one end of
the spindle to which the propeller is attached passes through the top of the box, and
to this end of the spindle another propeller or fan is attached having oblique vanes
for the force of the external air to act on, to give rotation to the propeller within or
below the receiving or centre chamber of such Ejecting and Injecting cowls.
By these last described contrivances additional velocity is obtained to eject the
smoke or air through such Ejecting cowls, or to inject air through such Injecting
cowls.
For some purposes I mount such Ejecting and Injecting cowls on a centre pin or
spindle, that the same may revolve on or arround such pin or spindle, and on the cap
or top of such cowls I arrange a vane for the force of the current of the external air
to act on, whereby such cowls are retained in such a position, that one or more of the
inlets in the outer circumference or shell thereof, are in a line with the current of
the external air.
The several parts of my said Improvements are held together by any of the well
known contrivances for such purposes.
In order that the nature of my said Improvements and in what manner the same

page_text: are to be performed may be more fully understood 1 will proceed to describe the
several Figures on the Sheet of Drawing hereunto annexed.
Figure 1. is an Elevation part in section of an Ejecting cowl constructed according
to the First part of my said Improvements, and Figure 2 is a cross section of the
same taken at the dotted line A B, in which Figures, as also in all the succeeding
Figures the like letters of reference refer to the like parts throughout; a is the top of
the cowl and bis the bottom thereof with the tube c attached thereto, d is the division
in the cowl, and e is the outside shell of the cowl, is the orifice into the receiving
chamber I, and hhhh are the outlets in the division d from the receiving chamber
to the ejecting chamber i, and jjjj are jointly the inlets and outlets in the outside
shell or case e. Figure 3 is an Elevation part in section of the cowl constructed with
the joint inlets and outlets in a vertical line with the chimney or air shaft, and having
the outlet from the receiving chamber horizontal thereto, and Figure 4 is a cross
section of the same taken at the dotted line CD, in which Figures & is the double
concave cone. Figure 5 is an Elevation part in section of a cowl similar to that
described in Figures 3 and 4, but in this arrangement having two horizontal outlets h
from the receiving chamber g, and four joint vertical inlets and outlets jjjj in the
outside shell of the cowl e e, and Figure 6 is a cross section of Figure 5 taken at the
dotted line E F. Figure 7 is an Elevation part in section of a cowl constructed
according to the combination described in the First part of my said Improvements,
which is the combination of the cowls described in Figures 1 to 4 enclusive.
Figure 8 is an Elevation part in section of a cowl constructed according to the Seccond
part of my said Improvements, and Figure 9 is a cross section of the same taken at
the dotted line GH, in which is the seccond division in the cowl, and m is the
seccond ejecting chamber, and n nnn are the outlets in the division 1. Figure 10 is
an Eleveation part in section of an Injecting cowl constructed according to the Third
part of my said Improvements, and Figure 11 is a cross section of the same taken at
the dotted line I J, in which o oo o are the triangler projections attached to the inside
of the outside caseing or shell e; this cowl is shown arranged to revolve on a centre
pin attached to a plate by means of a vane attached to the top of the cowl, and p is
the plate to which the pin 7 is fixed, and is the socket in the cap a on which tho
cowl rotates, and s is the vane attached to the top a for the current of the external
air to act on to give rotation. Figure 12 is an Elevation part in section of a cowl
constructed according to the Fourth part of my said Improvements, and Figure 13 is
a plan of the top thereof, in which the screw propeller t is arranged to work in the
tube c with u as the spindle passing through the cowl and out at the top a, and to this
end of the spindle u the fan v with the obliquely arranged vanes www wwww w is
C
attached.
As my said Improvements are capable of various modifications without departing
from the principle thereof, I do not restrict myself to material, dimensions, or to the
precise form or placement of the several parts thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
Ejecting and Injecting Cowls for chimneys and ventilating shafts having receiving
and ejecting chambers with curved or bent mouthed inlets and outlets thereto or
therefrom arranged and constructed in manner as herein before described and set
forth.