IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS DESIGNED TO CARRY GRAIN IN BULK WITH OR WITHOUT OTHER CARGO."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Taylor, of 85, Gracechurch Street, in the City
of London, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VESSELS DESIGNED TO
CARRY GRAIN IN BULK WITH OR WITHOUT OTHER CARGO."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1881.
JAMES TAYLOR, of 85, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VESSELS DESIGNED TO CARRY GRAIN IN BULK WITH OR WITHOUT
OTHER CARGO."
My Invention is designed to prevent shifting of grain cargoes and to facilitate
the discharge of such cargoes from vessels.
A vessel according to my Invention is divided longitudinally by two permanent
bulkheads, the two side spaces by preference having about the same content as the
central space. To carry grain in the space between the upper deck and the deck
below it I subdivide that space by permanent bulkheads. To facilitate loading the
vessel I provide long narrow hatchways running almost the entire length of the
holds when grain only is carried, but if cattle are to be carried below the upper
deck then in lieu of the hatchways I provide narrow feeders running through the
spaces between the "main" and "upper" decks, and if it is required to carry
cattle on the upper deck I carry these narrow feeders up to a height to form the
sides of the space beneath the "shelter" deck. In vessels designed also to carry
goods, suitable ordinary hatches in conjunction with the feeders must be provided.
In all cases I subdivide longitudinally the upper space where grain is carried. To
effect the discharging of grain cargo from the vessel I provide tubes extending
from the bottoms of the lower holds to a suitable height and of sufficient capacity
to allow of grain elevators being worked within them, so as to discharge the grain
on the decks or over the vessel's sides. The grain I admit at the bottom by a box
at foot of each tube, so that to some extent it may feed itself to the elevators by
gravitation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th October
1881.
JAMES TAYLOR, of 85, Gracechurch Street, in the City of London. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VESSELS DESIGNED TO CARRY GRAIN IN BULK WITH OR WITHOUT
OTHER CARGO."
My Invention is designed to prevent shifting of grain cargoes and to facilitate
the discharge of such cargoes from vessels. A vessel according to my Invention is
divided longitudinally by two permanent bulkheads, the two side spaces by
preference having about the same content as the central space. To carry grain in
the space between the upper deck and the deck below it I subdivide that space by
permanent bulkheads. To facilitate loading the vessel I provide long narrow
hatchways running almost the entire length of the holds when grain only is
carried, but if cattle are to be carried below the upper deck then in lieu of the
hatchways I provide narrow feeders running through the space between the
"main" and "upper" decks, and if it is required to carry cattle on the upper deck
I carry these narrow feeders up to a height to form the sides of the space beneath
the "shelter" deck.
In vessels designed also to carry goods, suitable ordinary hatches in conjunction
with the feeders must be provided. In all cases I subdivide longitudinally the
upper space where grain is carried. Where the size of the vessel or other
circumstances make it desirable, I make apertures in the sides of the feeders for
the purpose of passing food for the cattle through them. To effect the discharging
of grain cargo from the vessel I provide tubes extending from the bottoms of the
lower holds to a suitable height and of sufficient capacity to allow of grain elevators
being worked within them, so as to discharge the grain on the decks or over the
vessel's sides. The grain I admit at the bottom by a box at foot of each tube, so
that to some extent it may feed itself to the elevators by gravitation. And in
order that the manner of performing my Invention may be well understood I append
hereto two Sheets of illustrative Drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 represents a transverse section of vessel for carrying grain or goods.
Fig. 2 represents a partial longitudinal section of vessel for carrying grain or
goods.
Fig. 3 represents a partial plan of vessel for carrying grain or goods.
Fig. 4 represents a transverse section of vessel for carrying grain and cattle
combined.
Fig. 5 represents a partial longitudinal section of vessel for carrying grain and
cattle combined.
Fig. 6 represents a partial plan of vessel for carrying grain and cattle
combined.
A is the hull of a vessel; B, C, are two permament longitudinal bulk heads,
whereby the vessel is divided longitudinally into two side spaces D, E, and one
central space F; G is the upper deck; H is the deck below it, and I the space
between them; K, K, are permanent bulkheads, whereby this space is subdivided;
L, L, are hatchways; M, M, feeders shown carried up to a height such as to form
the sides of the space beneath the shelter deck; 0, 0, are tubes extending from
the bottom of the lower holds to a suitable height and of sufficient capacity to
allow of grain elevators being worked within them, so as to discharge the grain
on the decks or over the vessel's side; P, P, are boxes, one at foot of each tube O,
whereby grain to be raised is guided to the tubes, so that to some extent it may
feed itself to the elevators by gravitation.

page_text: Having described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have
it understood that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim
as secured to me under the Letters Patent herein before in part recited is,-
1. Constructing and arranging vessels designed to carry grain in bulk with or
without other cargo, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying Drawings.
2. Dividing the vessel longitudinally by two permanent bulkheads, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
3. In a vessel such as above referred to designed to carry grain in bulk and also
cattle in bulk providing narrow feeders running through the space between the
main and upper decks, substantially as and for the purpose herein-before
described.
4. In a vessel such as above referred to, designed to carry grain in bulk, the use
for containing grain elevators of tubes extending from the bottoms of the lower
holds to a suitable height to enable the grain to be discharged on the deck or over
the vessel's side in conjunction with boxes arranged at the foot of each such tube,
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Taylor, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
JAS. TAYLOR. (L.S.)