IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING IRON;
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
VARDY, of Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-second day of May, in the second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Vardy, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said James Vardy, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said James Vardy, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLING IRON;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said James Vardy, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Vardy, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-

page_text: tained, in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say):-
My Invention relates to a mode of rolling bars of iron, in order to produce
bars consisting of portions of a cylindrical figure and portions of angular
figures, for the purposes of forming screws and screw and other bolts of
a like description to those made by forging by hand, and for other purposes.
Figure 1 of the Drawing represents part of a bar of iron rolled according to
the Invention. From the points a to a' the bar is cylindrical and the part b
quadrangular, but it may have other number of angular sides, the object being
to fit angular openings and not to turn therein, and yet have a cylindrical
stem, on which to form a screw or otherwise, according to the purpose to
which the iron so produced is to be applied, such as is shewn at Figure 2,
which are screw bolts, and Figure 3, which is a holding-down bolt, such as
is used in constructing railways, the only difference being the length of
round stem. In constructing rollers for making such bars of iron, the grooves
therein are to be of a circular form for a certain length, and of angular forms
for a certain length; and these lengths will depend on the length of stemis
for screws, and the size of the heads to be made. The turning or cutting
of the rollers for making the bars will readily be performed by persons
.acquainted with turning rollers for bars of other figures. The rollers I.
use are each formed with a portion of the groove semicircular of a length
(on the circumference of the rollers) equal to the length I wish to have the
bar circular, the other proportions of, the groove of each roller being angular,
suitable for producing half the square when round and square are to be
combined together; and when round and other angular figure, each roller
is to be grooved partly with a semicircular groove, and partly with a groove
suitable for forming one half the angular figure, to be conjoined with the
round portions of the bars. It should be stated that the heads of the bolts
or screws may be forged by hand or formed by dies and machinery, in like
manner to what has been done with round bar iron.
In rolling such description of compound bars, I prefer that the iron should
be first rolled into the figure of bars, shewn at Figures 4 and 5, and then
passed between the rollers grooved as above described, in order to produce
the compound bar according to my Invention.
Figure shews a suitable section of bar for making compound bars of
three quarters of an inch in diameter; and Figure 5, a section of a bar for
making half an inch in diameter compound bars.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, I would remark, that I lay

page_text: no claim to the rolling of bars of iron of a round or cylindrical figure, nor do I
claim the rolling of bars of iron of angular figures; but what I claim is the
mode of rolling bars of iron, whereby the same is made to consist partly of
round bar and partly of angular figure bar, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Vardy, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-second day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and thirty-nine.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of Novem-
ber, in the year of our Lord 1839, the aforesaid James Vardy came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-second day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.