IMPROVED APPARATUS POR OBTAINING EXTRACTS FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Frederick Lunde, of Jewry Street, Aldgate, in
the City of London, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS
POR OBTAINING EXTRACTS FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 30th May 1865, and dated the 14th December 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Frederick Lunde
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th December 1864.
I, PETER FREDERICK LUNDE, of Jewry Street, Aldgate, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING EXTRACTS FROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:
My Invention, which is more particularly intended for obtaining extracts
from tea or coffee, consists in dividing the mashing vessel into several separate
compartments by means of partitions, which are capable of being moved so
that even during the mashing process the compartments can be enlarged or
lessened by moving the partitions. If the partitions are vertical they are
hinged to a central pivot so that they may be moved round thereon; the parti-

page_text: tions may also be placed horizontally, in which case two or more vessels would
be placed one within the other with perforated metal sides and bottom. As a
modification the internal vessels may be made telescopic, that is, composed of a
series of cylindrical or other suitably shaped vessels fitted one within the other
like the tubes of a telescope, the sides and bottoms of the tubes being perforated 5
so as to allow the extract to percolate through.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Peter Frederick Lunde in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 14th June 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
FREDERICK LUNDE, of Jewry Street, Aldgate, in the City of London, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Peter Frederick Lunde, Her special licence
that I, the said Peter Frederick Lunde, ny executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Peter Frederick Lunde, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING EXTRACTS
PROM VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Peter Frederick Lunde, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Frederick Lunde, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-

page_text: The object of the present Invention is to obtain extracts of tea and coffee in
an easy manner, and without any perceptible portion of the nutritive properties
being wasted. The various advantages of the Invention are as follows:-
First, that the tea or coffee or other vegetable substance is mashed in such
a manner that all or nearly all the nutritious and useful properties contained
in the vegetable substance are obtained, and nothing is wasted; this conse-
quently causes the saving of tea or coffee, whereas according to the present
process a great deal is lost of the nutritive properties.
Second, that extracts from various sorts of tea or coffee can be made and
retained in the same pot at the same time without more than one sort being
used at one time.
Third; that a brewing or mashing already commenced can be arrested
according to will, and again be continued at any time whilst the tea or coffee
extract remains in the pot.
Fourth, that the use of the tea-pot constructed according to my Invention
renders the use of a sieve or strainer unnecessary.
On account of the above mentioned advantages the apparatus whereby they
are obtained has been named by me the tea economizer or the coffee econo-
miser; and the pots or cans that are constructed in this manner or provided
with my improvements I have called the economical tea or coffee pots. The
means adopted to obtain these desiderata consists in a division of the interior
of the pot into several small compartments by means of partitions, which are
moveable, so that according to will (during the process) any of the divisions
or compartments can be lessened or enlarged.
In the accompanying Drawings I have shewn various forms of apparatus
for effecting the objects of my Invention. The partitions which divide the
pot into compartments may be either vertical or horizontal. The interior of
the pot is divided by moveable partitions into several small compartments
which during the making of the tea or coffee can be lessened or enlarged.
Fig. 1 represents a horizontal section of an ordinary cylindrical pot with
vertical partitions.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same; a in both Figures is the circumference
or outer case of the pot; b is the central shaft or axle which is either fixed to
and forms a part of the pot, or is adapted thereto by other means; round
this shaft or axle the moveable partitions c, c, c, are turned, for which purpose
they are provided with hinges d, d, which are hung on the shaft or axle b ;
they can be turned round the whole circumference separately, and two and
two can therefore be respectively separated or brought into conjunction, there-
fore in two of the three divisions or compartments which can be formed there

page_text: may be placed two different sorts of tea or coffee, then by moving or turning
the partitions c, c, each compartment can be enlarged or decreased, and it is
therefore evident that according to will the tea or coffee can be operated upon
by a larger or smaller quantity of boiling water; in fact it might be even
possible nearly to prevent the action of the boiling water upon a part or the
whole of the tea or coffee by shutting up or enclosing the vegetable substances
between any two partitions; by these means any one would be enabled to
remove the partitions with the tea leaves or coffee contained therein out of the
pot, and leave the brewing or extract in the pot.
Fig. 3 represents a vertical section of a similar cylindrical pot in which the
partitions are horizontal and also vertical; they consist of one or more vessels
placed one on or inside the other, and composed of any suitable metal (or any
other kind of material) with either perforated sides or bottom, or if preferred
both parts may be perforated. During use either one or more of these vessels
with tea or coffee therein can be taken out of the pot, or should the sides be
composed of a pliable material, the bottom with the tea leaves or other substance
can be lifted out from the boiling water.
Fig. 4 represents a third example of the mode in which the tea or coffee
economizer can be constructed, the sides here being constructed in a telescopic
form of several cylinders c, c, c, and c', c', c¹, fitted in each other with bent
edges or flanges.
Figures 5 and 6 represent plan and sectional views of a fourth example in
which the tea economizer consists of two or more vessels put the one at the
side of the other or fitting into each other. All the economisers must have
perforations through which the extract may percolate from the one division or
compartment to the other, or in other words the filter must be always regulated
according to the fineness of the tea or coffee. As a modification the internal
vessels may be made telescopic, that is, composed of a series of cylindrical or
other suitably shaped vessels fitted one within the other like the tubes of a
telescope, the sides and bottoms of the tubes being perforated so as to allow
the extract to percolate through. It is apparent that these examples can be
multiplied, and therefore it should be understood that it is not the form of the
pot or the nature of its material, nor is it the form of the economical apparatus,
11or the material of which it is made, which constitutes the features of this
Invention.
The originality for which I claim protection is cans or pots in which tea or
coffee and their substitutes are prepared for beverages by means of econo-
mizers as described, viz. :- When the cans or pots by means of moveable
partitions can be divided into several smaller compartments which according

page_text: to will can be enlarged or diminished, so that at any time during the prepara-
tion of the tea or coffee it is possible to determine the duration of the mashing,
its interruption or recontinuation, and all this may be done whilst the tea,
coffee, or other vegetable substance remains in the pot.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Frederick Lunde, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
PETER FREDERICK LUNDE. (L.S.)