IMPROVEMENTS IN SIEAM BOILERS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isaac Horton aud Isaiah Kendrick, of the Firm of
Horton, Son, and Kendrick, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey,
Steam Boiler Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SIEAM BOILERS,
Sealed the 12th September 1800, and dated the 14th March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Horton and Isaiah
Kendrick at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 14th March 1860.
We, ISAAC HORTON and ISAIAH KENDRICK, of the Firm of Horton, Son,
and Kendrick, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, Steam Boiler Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in combining one or more fire-box boilers with one,
two, or more boilers with vertical fire tubes or vertical water tubes, the latter
boiler, or last in the series of the vertical tube boilers, having a smoke box, in
which, as well as in the uptake or base of the chimney or funnel a tubular
chamber is placed. This chamber is intended for the reception of the steam
generated in all or any of the separate boilers, and for the drying or super-
heating thereof the products of combustion passing through the tubes in the
chamber on their passage to the funnel.
We term fire-box boilers those in which the fire is applied directly to the

page_text: water contained therein. By way of illustration, we will describe our Invention
adapted to seven boilers. We take four fire-box boilers, and lead the flame
and products of combustion from two of them around or through fire or water
tubes in one boiler common to the two fire-box boilers. We in like manner
lead the flame and products of combustion from the other two around or
through fire or water tubes in another boiler common to these two fire-box
boilers.
We then lead the products of combustion from the two water or
fire tube boilers up through water or fire tubes in the remaining boiler. After
leaving the tubes, the products of combustion enter a smoke box, and from
thence pass through vertical tubes in a steam drying or superheating chamber,
which tubes extend upwards to any desired extent in the funnel or chimney.
The whole of the boilers in the series are capable of being connected or dis-
connected at pleasure. Being comparatively stall, they are capable of with.
standing great pressure, and should any one be required to be disconnected for
repairs or otherwise, its loss will not be very sensibly felt. The boilers, from
their size, also admit of ready removal, and are altogether more handy than
boilers as at present arranged and constructed.
We find the seven-boiler arrangement to be advantageous, but do not limit
ourselves thereto, nor do we confine ourselves to the vertical position, as tho
horizontal position may be adopted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isaac Horton and Isaiah Kendrick in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th September 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ISAAC
HORTON and ISAIAH KENDRICK, of the Firm of Horton, Son, and Kendrick,
of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, Steam Boiler Manufacturers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Isaac Horton and Isaiah Kendrick, Her special licence that
we, the said Isaac Horton and Isaiah Kendrick, our executors, adminis
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Isaac Horton and
Isaiah Kendrick, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all timest here-

page_text: after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Isaac Horton and Isaiah Kendrick, or one of us, our executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or one of. our, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Isaac Horton and Isaiah Kendrick,.
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner.
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:-
Our improvements consist in combining one or more fire-box boilers with
one, two, or more boilers with vertical fire tubes or vertical water tubes, the
latter boiler, or last in the series of the vertical tube boilers having a smoke
box, in which, as well as in the uptake or base of the chimney or funnel, a
tubular chamber is placed. This chamber is intended for the reception of the
steam generated in all or any of the separate boilers, and for the drying or
superheating thereof, the products of combustion passing through the tubes in
the chamber on their passage to the funnel.
We term fire-box boilers those in which the fire is applied directly to the
water contained therein. By way of illustration, we will describe our Invention
adapted to seven boilers. We take four fire-box boilers, and lead the flame
and products of combustion from two of them around or through fire or water
tubes in one boiler common to the two fire-box boilers. We in liko manner
lead the flame and products of combustion from the other two around or
through fire or water tubes in another boiler common to these two fire-box
boilers. We then lead the products of combustion from the two water or fire
tube boilers up through water or fire tubes in the remaining boiler.
leaving the tubes, the products of combustion enter a smoke-box, and from
thence pass through vertical tubes in a steam-drying or superheating chamber,
which tubes extend upwards to any desired extent in the funnel or chimney.
The whole of the boilers in the series are capable of being connected or dis-
connected at pleasure. Being comparatively small, they are capable of with-
standing great pressure, and should any one be required to be disconnected for
After

page_text: repairs or otherwise, its loss will not be very sensibly felt. The boilers, from
their size, also admit of ready removal, and are altogether more handy than
boilers as at present arranged and constructed.
We find the seven-boiler arrangement to be advantageous, but do not limit
ourselves thereto, nor do we confine ourselves to the vertical position, as the
horizontal position may be adopted.
In the accompanying Drawings, Fig. 1 is a partial sectional plan showing
our Invention applied to an arrangement of seven boilers. A, A, are two
fire-box boilers, the flame and products of combustion from which are carried
down around and about vertical water tubes a, a, in the boiler B. A', A³, are
also fire-box boilers, the flame and products of combustion from which are
carried around and about vertical water tubos a', a', in the boiler B'. The
products of combustion from the four fire-box boilers are then made to pass
up through vertical fire tubes a, a, in the boiler C; they then pass into a
smoke box D, seen at Figure 2, which is a vertical section showing the fire-
box boiler A, the boiler B, and the boiler C. From the smoke-box D the
products of combustion pass through tubes in a steam chamber or super-
heater E into the funnel F. G, G, G, are water spaces. The superheater E,
or chamber in which the steam becomes superheated is common to all the
boilers, and the steam, after passing through the chamber E, passes into a
steam reserve H, from whence it is taken for use in the engines. For the
purpose of disconnecting any of the boilers A, A, A1, A2, we place a plate in
the passage for the products of combustion, and secure it by screws or other-
wise; we also shut off the steam and water communicating pipe.
At Figure 3, which is a sectional elevation, and Figure 4, a transverse
section of another of our arrangements of marine steam boilers, in which two
sets or series of boilers are placed back to back, A, A, are the cylindrical
fire-places, of which there may be one, two, or three to each boiler; B, B, are
fire-tube boilers in connection with the fire-box boilers A,A; and Cisa steam-
generating apparatus, constructed with vertical water tubes a, a, distinct from
the boilers before described, and forming what we term a "Marine High
Pressure Back Smoke-box Geuerator," and of which a separate sectional view
is shown at Figure 5, where the upper and lower cylinders C and Care con--
nected near their ends by upright flanged tubes b, b. The intermediate space
between these tubes is filled with water tubes a, a, and through, round, and
between which the flame and products of combustion play. The steam from
this apparatus is carried by a pipe or pipes to one or both of the superheating
chambers D, D, which are placed above the tubular boilers B, B. Each of
the superheating chambers is common to all the boilers in that set or series

page_text: over which it is placed. The steam, after being superheated, is passed into a
steam reserve chamber E, common to both superheaters, from whence it is
aken for use. The course of the products of combustion in the boilers just
described is as follows:--After leaving the fire in each and all of the fire-box
boilers, the products of combustion unite and pass against and between the
vertical water tubes in the high-pressure back smoke-box generator, which
divides the two sets or series of boilers, and thence through some of the fire
tubes, then spread over the whole of the external surface of the fire-tube and
fire-box boilers into one or other of the front smoke boxes J, J; they then
pass through the tubes in the superheater, and also around & about the
external circumference thereof, and finally impinge against the sides and top
of the steam reserve chamber, and from thence to the funnel, all as clearly
indicated by the arrows in the sectional view, Figure 4. F, F, are doors
through which to gain access to the interior of the boilers and tubes for the
purposes of cleaning them and for repairs.
Figure 6 is a sectional plan, part of which is through the line w, a, of
Figure 3, shewing four sets of fire-box boilers. A is the boiler with one fire-
box A',with two fire-boxes A2, with three fire-boxes A4, with a single fire-box
showing the fire-bars. The other part of this view is taken through the
line 3, ,of the same Figure with the high-pressure back smoke-box generator
placed in the position it occupies between the two sets or series of boilers.
Figure 7 is a sectional view of a single set or series of fire-box boilers and
fire-tube boilers arranged as before described, and fitted with our marine high-
pressure back smoke-box generator. In this arrangement, the vertical water
tubes are curved. The high-pressure back smoke-box generator in this case,
as well as in that previously described, is distinct from the set or series of fire-
box and tubular boilers, but steam is generated therein, and conveyed to the
superheater common to all the boilers, from whence it is lead to the steam
reserve chamber for use in the engines. The steam reserve chamber is in this,
as in the other case,placed on the top of, and forms part of the high-pressure
back smoke-box generator, and is so placed in the uptake that the products of
combustion, after leaving the superheater, shall always impinge against its
sides and top before passing up the funnel. Behind the high-pressure back
smoke-box generator, last described, we form a lining of clay or fire-brick, as
indicated at p, p, Figure 7.
Although we prefer that the steam reserve chamber should be connected
along its whole length to the "back fire-box" generator, it may be connected
at intervals only by means of flanged tubes, as shown in Figure 5) and again
the vertical water tubes in the back smoke-box generator may be fire-tubes.

page_text: Although our boilers may be applied for stationary, they are more especially
adapted to marine purposes,and constitute what we term high-pressure marine
steam boilers.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,-
First, the several arrangements of steam boilers all and every of them,
herein-before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, constructing and arranging steam boilers for marine purposes in
such manner as to leave or form a central or back high-pressure sinoke box
whether a generator be placed in such smoke box or not.
And, third, constructing and fitting steam boilers with a high-pressure
smoke box generator, in manner herein-before described and represented in
Figures 3, 4, 5, and 7 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Isaac Norton and Isaiah Kendrick
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day of Sep-
tember, One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
ISAAC HORTON.
(L.S.)
ISAIAH KENDRICK. (L.S.)

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