Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 27th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 27th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
A communication by HERMAN L. WAGNER, of the City, County, and State of
New York, United States of America, Mechanical Engineer.
1, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND, M.I. Mech. E., of The Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6 Bank Street, Manchester
both in the County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of
Middlesex, Pateut Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to an improvement in type writing machines, and the
invention consists in the novel features of construction pointed out in the following
Specification.
A platen or roller bas its shaft journalled in a carriage, which carriage has at its
rear depending arms clasping or hinged on a transverse bar on which the arms with
carriage and platen can travel or be fed back and forth. A U-shaped metallic
frame or rod extends along the back and sides of the carriage, and to the free ends
of this frame is screwed or secured a bar having a depending arm carrying a stud
or screw forming a shaft for a roller travelling on the cross bar or track as the
carriage moves back and forth on its rod. The bar also carries an index or pointer
travelling over a scale as the carriage moves. A cord secured to the carriage and
to a spring drum as well known tends to move the carriage in one direction.
The carriage rod is supported by arms rising from rods which extend from the
rear of the machine toward the front thereof. At their front ends, the rods support
the track or way for the roller. From the rear ends of these rods depend arms
carrying a transverse rod on which turns or swings a sleeve carrying the arms
supporting the feed rack. The sleeve with the arms and rack are vibrated back
and forth as hereinafter described, to allow the carriage and platen to move or be
fed step by step under the action of the cord and spring drum. The feed rack in
vibrating engages alternately a dog and a stop.
The stop is fixed on the carriage. The dog is secured to an arm or short rod
slidably arranged in eyes or hangers depending from the carriage or from the arms
supporting the rear of said carriage. The degree of sliding of the rod is limited
by the dog and a stop depending from a rod on opposite sides of an eye. A spring
coiled about this rod and braced against a shoulder thereon tends to force the rod
and dog in the direction of feed of the carriage, that is, in the direction in which
the cord moves the carriage. When the rack is swung backward, said rack
engages one of its teeth with the dog, and the tension on the cord being greater
than the power of the spring, the carriage will be drawn along by the cord until
the eye or hanger between the dog and the stop strikes against dog, thus arresting
the carriage as the dog is braced against a tooth of rack. When the rack vibrates
toward the front of the machine, said rack frees the dog and engages one of its
teeth with the fixed stop, so that the carriage does not move for the forward swing
of the feed rack, during which forward swing, it may also be noticed, occurs the
printing action of the device, as hereinafter explained.
As soon as the feed rack has swung far enough forward to clear the dog, the
atter, under the action of the spring, is moved until the stop strikes the eye to
arrest further motion of the dog. The rack, on now moving backward, will engage
a different tooth with the dog from the tooth formerly engaged, and as soon as the
rack is far enough back to clear the fixed stop, the cord will move the carriage to

page_text: carry the eye between the stop and dog out of contact with said stop and against
the dog when the feed of the carriage is again arrested. The backward and
forward vibration of feed rack thus tends to impart to the carriage and platen the
well known step-by-step or feed motion.
The eye near the dog is of such size that the dog can be moved or lifted
vertically out of engagement with the rack. A spring, extending from an arm and
When the
pressing on the dog, normally holds the latter down toward the rack.
carriage is to be set, the dog is lifted against pressure of this spring out of
engagement with the rack, thus leaving the carriage free to be set by hand.
The dog can be lifted out of action or away from the rack by a lever arm
extending from a fulcrum or rotary bar in the carriage, and from which fulcrum
extends a lever arm acted on by a spring to normally hold the lever arm up and
the arm down so that the dog will engage the rack. The lever arm is engaged or
pressed down by an arm of a lever. The upper or free end of a lever arm is
formed with an inclined face adapted to be pressed by a nose projecting from a
sleeve rotatably mounted on a leg of the U-shaped frame. From the sleeve
projects a finger lever, by depressing which, the sleeve and nose are vibrated or
turned so that the nose, pressing on the inclined face of the lever, will vibrate the
latter, together with lever arms, so that the latter will lift the dog out of the rack.
A finger rest or handle is secured to the bar in proximity to a finger lever, said
handle being serviceable in sliding the carriage by hand.
The rotary or vibratory sleeve, as stated, is on one leg or branch of the
U-shaped frame. On the other leg or branch of this frame opposite the sleeve is
a similar rotary or vibratory sleeve, which can be actuated by a finger lever. This
sleeve can lift the dog out of action by a similar lever system to that described
above, so that the actuation of either finger lever will vibrate the fulcrum
bar and lever arm to free the dog. Said lever and sleeve bave, however, a further
function, namely, to rotate the platen.
The sleeve has a nose similar to the nose of the sleeve before described. This
nose, when the sleeve rotates or vibrates, will actuate a lever fulcrumed to the
carriage. To this lever arm is fulerumed a lever having a nose pressed by a spring
on said lever arm, so that, when the lever arm swings downward, the hooked lever
arm will catch into a toothed wheel on the platen shaft so as to rotate said shaft
with the platen. A stop on the carriage pressing on the tail or lever arm of said
lever as the latter rises will swing the lever arm out of engagement with the
toothed wheel at the proper moment. The platen, it may be noted, can also
be rotated by a hand wheel on a shaft. In proximity to the finger lever is
arranged a handle on the bar, similar to the handle fixed on the bar near the other
lever.
From this bar depends the swinging or pivoted arm, the stud of which, on the
carriage and bar approaching the end of their travel, will engage the hammer arm
of a bell so as to sound the latter. While actuating the bell hammer, the arm
braces itself or presses against an arm so as not to swing or move, but on the
return movement of the carriage, the former arm will swing away from the latter
arm, so as to clear or glide over the bell hammer lever without actuating the
latter.
The bell is secured to a hanger or slide on a bar, and said slide can be set along
this bar by a set screw, a pointer on the slide travelling over a scale so as to show
where the bell is set. Another set screw with a pointer can be set toward or from
the first named pointer, the space between the two pointers indicating the desired
limit of travel of the carriage. The slides carrying the set screws being mounted
on the bar or track on which travels the roller, said slides will form stops for the
roller, so as to limit the travel of the roller and the consequent travel of the
carriage. The bringing of the screws more or less together thus limits or enlarges
the travel of the carriage.
From each of two rods rises an arm, said arms carrying pivots for supporting the
ribbon frame carrying the ribbon spools. From the ribbon frame extend arms,

page_text: the free ends of which lie near the platen and are slightly separated. The ribbon
passes from one spool across the free separated ends of said arms to the other
spool. As will be seen later on, the type bars are arranged to strike on the ribbon
between the free ends of said arms so as to drive or stretch the ribbon toward the
platen when producing an impression.
The ribbon frame with the arins and ribbon oscillate on the pivots, so that, when
the machine is not printing, the free ends of the arms with the interposed ribbon
portion are down or below the printing line of the platen, so as to expose the
printing, but, when a type bar moves toward the platen to print, the free ends of
the arms rise or swing up to the printing line, so that the type bar, in making its
printing stroke, will land on the ribbon portion between the free ends of said
arms. The meaus for producing this oscillation of the ribbon frame will be
presently explained.
Each ribbon spool has on its under face a ratchet wheel. Pawls project from a
bar or rod adjustably mounted in frame plates, one frame plate rising from each of
the said two rods. This rod bas near one end a projection forming shoulders, and
by depressing this end of the rod.against a spring, the rod can be slid to abut one
shoulder or another of the projection against the frame plate. This setting of the
rod can be made to bring either one spring pawl or another into action. As the
ribbon frame now oscillates on pivots, the ratchet engaged by a pawl is moved or
swung toward the platen a sufficient distance to cause the engaging pawl to jump
into a tooth of the ratchet succeeding the one just previously engaged by the pawl,
so that, on the return swing of the frame, the spool will be slightly rotated to feed
the ribbon a certain degree on to the actuated spool and from the other. As one
pawl or another is in engagement, the ribbon will be fed in one direction or another,
and should the rod be so set that neither pawl is in engagement, said pawls will
evidently not rotate the spools.
Stop pawls prevent retrograde rotation of one or another of the ratchets and
spools. These stop pawls are formed by an arm pivoted to the ribbon frame. The
ends of this arm are provided with spring blades or fingers forming the stop pawls,
and as the arm is set or turned on its pivot, one pawl or another will come into
action. On the said arm are noses, and on the setting rod are projections, and, as
the rod is slid or adjusted to bring one or another of the pawls into action, one or
another of the projections strikes one or another of the noses to swing the arm ou
its pivot, so as to shift one or another of the stop pawls into action. The arm also
has a nose, and, as the arm is swung on its pivot, the spring will press on one side
or the other of the nose to hold the arm against accidental movement.
It is seen from the above that, if the sliding rod is slid to one side a sufficient
distance, one pawl with the corresponding stop pawl is in action, and, if the rod is
slid far enough to the other side of the machine, the other pawl and stop pawl are
in action, while, if the rod occupies an intermediate position, all the pawls are out
of action and the spools can then be turned by hand in either direction. The
spring rises from an arm or hanger depending from the ribbon franie, and
this hanger serves to oscillate the ribbon frame on pivots, as will presently
appear.
The ribbon frame with the carriage platen and feed rack, it is noticed, are all
supported on rods, as before described, which rest on legs. These legs are adapted
to slide vertically up and down a certain distance to bring the platen into position
for each type bar to print with one or another of its types, or, as generally
The legs are guided or
expressed, for printing with the upper or lower case.
supported in a frame or support, the lower ends of the legs being diminished in
diameter to form shoulders resting on feet. The feet project from or are fixed to
arms one at each side of the machine or frame, and each of said arms is fixed to a
rock shaft, so that the arms will swing or oscillate together.
At one side of the machine, in proximity to one of these arms is arranged a
lever, and at the other side of the machine in proximity to the other arm is a
corresponding lever. These levers have saddles or seats loosely straddling or seated

page_text: on the rock shaft, so that the levers can be actuated independently of one another.
These levers extend from the rear of the machine forward to within reach of the
operator. Each lever engages under its adjacent arm by means of a shoulder or
projection, so that the depression of the outer end of any one lever will actuate
the adjacent arm and the rock shaft, and consequently also the other arm, so as
to raise the legs. Each lever has a restoring spring to return its lever when
released.
To the frame is pivoted a hook or catch which tends to swing forward or into
engaging position under the influence of a spring. When the arms are raised by
the lever, the catch will snap under one of the arms so as to hold the feet and the
devices thereon raised. To release the catch, the lever is actuated, said lever
having at its rear end an inclined face, which, striking against the catch, will force
said catch back or out of action against the pressure of its spring and thus allow
the legs to sink. Should the lever be used to raise the lege, the inclined face
of said lever will hold back the catch, so that the legs will sink as soon as the lever
is released. By thus either actuating one or the other of these levers, the legs will
be raised and locked in raised position, or said legs will be merely raised to sink
again on the release of the lever.
Upwardly pressing springs under the feet ease the descent of the legs, but said
springs are not powerful enough to raise or hold up the legs with the mechanism
carried by said legs.
The finger keys or levers are fulcrumed on a suitably supported cross bar near
the rear of the machine, and said rear ends of levers are seated or guided in slots
or ways. A suitable distance in front of the fulcrum rod are springs seated in a
cross bar, and which springs serve to quickly lift or restore the keys when released.
Each key is jointed to a bell crank lever, the arm of which is fulcrumed on a
cross har supported by a cross brace suitably grooved to form seats or guide grooves
for the lever arms. The other lever arms are jointed to links having at their rear
ends studs or teeth adapted to successively engage into recesses in the flaring tail
piece of each type bar. Each type bar is fulcrumed in a plate or hanger suitably
grooved to form guide ways for the swinging type bar.
As
When a key is depressed, the latter lever arm is swung forward so as to cause at
first that tooth of the link which is situated further from the type bar fulcrum to
pull on the tail piece for swinging the type of the type bar toward the platen.
the link swings the type bar up, the teeth nearer to the fulcrum successively come
into action, and at the end of the swing of the type bar toward the platen, the
tooth nearest the fulcrum acts to move the type bar. In consequence of this
continually shortening leverage of the link on type bar, the link tends to
continually accelerate the motion of the type bar toward the platen so that the
type bar will deliver its printing stroke in the sharp quick manner desired for
clear work.
The type bars have each an eye or perforated portion, and by compressing the
rim of the eye either transversely or longitudinally, the type bar is lengthened or
shortened as required for proper adjustment.
The tail piece of each type bar, in addition to being guided in the slots or
grooves of the hanger, is further guided by the grooves or slots in the cross piece.
From each tail piece extends a link, the front part of which is guided in one of
the eyes or perforation in the cross piece. A restoring spring for the link braced
against said cross piece is useful for quickly returning the link. The front part of
the link hooks over or engages a part of the frame, said frame being jointed or
pivotally supported on arms fixed to the rock shaft provided with a depending arm
engaged by a restoring spring.
From the frame extends an arm, the front part of which is forked. Into this
fork extends the arm for vibrating the ribbon frame, said arm being capable of
rising and falling in the fork without coming out of engagement therewith. When
a type bar swings up to print, this type bar draws back on the link, thus oscillating
or moving the frame with the forked arm backward, and oscillating the arm and

page_text: ribbon frame on the pivots so as to swing the free ends of the arms with the ribbon
up to the printing line.
The backwardly moving forked arm, by means of a joint or pivot, actuates a
lever on its fulcrum. This lever is jointed to a link which is jointed to an arm
depending from the rocking sleeve to which is fixed the feed rack, so that the
latter, being thus vibrated, will effect the feed of the platen carriage as already
noted.
In order to have the type bars strike accurately on the printing point, a
guide or arm is provided, having a forked head or top, between the tines or
branches of which fork each of the type bars enters toward the end of its
stroke, so as to be guided by said fork to the printing point or exact spot
where the impression is required.
The fulcrum support or cross brace carrying a fulcrum acts as a stop for
limiting the upward movement of the finger keys. The fork is situated so that
the engagement of the fork with the type bar will occur at a point inside the
type, or between the type and the type bar fulcrum, so as to leave the type
which are at the free end of the type bar unobstructed in their printing action.
The link, it is noticed, engages the tail piece of the type bar at the opposite
side of the fulerum from that on which the link or its studs or teeth engages
said tail piece, and the first named link will aid in restoring the type bar to its
starting point when released, so that said link in one seuse acts as a withdrawing
link for moving the type bar from the platen.
The paper to be printed on can be held snugly about the platen by arms or
springs clasping the platen, said arms being movably or slidably mounted in the
platen carriage on a transverse bar or rod, so that said arms can be slid or
adjusted on the rod toward or from one another to correspond to the adjustment
of the stops or pointers. The rod lies in slots or recesses in the platen carriage,
and is held toward the platen by springs secured to the rod and to the carriage.
The springs allow the rod a certain play from and towards the carriage. A
roller also serves to hold the paper toward the platen, the axle of said roller
being movably mounted in slots or recesses in the platen carriage and held
toward the platen by springs.
Dated this 30th day of Inv 1801
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
A communication by HERMAN L. WAGNER, of the City, County, and State of
New York, United States of America, Mechanical Engineer.
I, GEORGE CECIL DYMOND M. I. Mech. E. of The Agency for Foreign Patent
Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street, Manchester both in the
County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manuer the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to an improvement in type writing machines and the
invention consists in the novel features of construction pointed out in the following
Specification and claim and illustrated in the annexed drawing in which,
Figure 1 is a plan view of the type writing machine.
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the machine.
Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the machine.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the machine.

page_text: Figure 5 is a section along y y Figure 1.
Figure 6 is a section along. Figure 4.
Figure 7 is a section similar to Figure 5 with parts in a different position than in
Figure 5.
Figure 8 is a section along au
Figure 6.
Figure 9 is a section along a Figure 6.
Figure 10 is a sectional side elevation of Figure 8.
Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10 with parts in a different position than
in Figure 10.
In this drawing, the letter A indicates a platen or roller having its shaft B
jourualled in a carriage C, which carriage has at its rear depending arms D
(Figure 3) clasping or hinged on a transverse bar E, on which the arins D with
carriage C and platen A can travel or be fed hack and forth. A U-shaped
metallic frame or rod F extends along the back and sides of the carriage C and to
the free ends of this frame F is screwed or secured at Ga bar H having a
depending arm I (Figures 2 and 7) carrying a stud or screw Kforming a shaft
for roller L travelling on the cross bar or track M as the carriage moves back and
forth on rod E. The bar H also carries an index or pointer N travelling over
scale O as the carriage C moves. A cord P secured to carriage C and to spring
drum Qas well known tends to move the carriage in one direction.
The rod E is supported by arms R rising from the rods S which extend from the
rear of the machine toward the front thereof. At their front ends the rods S
support the track or way M for the roller L. From the rear ends of rods S depend
the arms T (Figures 3, 4 and 7) carrying the transverse rod U on which turns or
swings the sleeve V carrying the arms W supporting the feed rack X. The
sleeve V with the arms W and rack X are vibrated back and forth as hereinafter
described to allow the carriage C and platen A to move or be fed step by step
under the action of cord P and spring drum Q. The feed rack X in vibrating
engages alternately the dog Y and the stop Z.
The stop Z is fixed on carriage C. The dog Y is secured to an arm or short
rod a slidably arranged in eyes or hangers depending from carriage C or from the
arms D supporting the rear of said carriage. The degree of sliding of the rod a
is limited by the dog Y and a stop c (Figure 3) depending from rod a on opposite
sides of an eye b. A spring d coiled about rod a and braced against a shoulder
thereon tends to force the rod a and dog Y in the direction of feed of the carriage,
that is in the direction in which the cord P moves the carriage. When the rack X
is swung backward, said rack engages one of its teeth with dog Y and the tension
on cord P being greater than the power of spring the carriage C will be drawn
along by the cord until the eye or hanger between dog Y and stop c strikes
against dog Y, thus arresting the carriage as the dog Y is braced against a tooth
of rack X. When the rack X vibrates toward the front of the machine, said rack
frees the dog and engages one of its teeth with the fixed stop Z, so that the
carriage does not move for the forward swing of the feed rack X during which
forward swing it may also be noticed occurs the printing action of the device as
hereinafter explained.
As soon as the feed rack has swung far enough forward to clear the dog Y, the
latter under the action of spring d is moved until the stop e strikes eye bio arrest
further motion of the dog Y. The rack X on now moving backward will engage
a different tooth with the dog Y from the tooth formerly engaged and as soon as
the rack X is far enough back to clear the fixed stop Z the cord P will move the
carriage to carry the eye 6 between stop e and dog Y out of contact with said
stop c and against dog Y when the feed of the carriage is again arrested. The
backward and forward vibration of feed rack X thus tends to impart to carriage C
and platen A the well known step by step or feed motion.
The eye b near the dog Y is of such size that the dog Y can be moved or lifted
vertically out of engagement with the rack X. A spring e (Figure 3) extending
from an arm D and pressing on dog Y normally holds the latter down toward the

page_text: rack X. When the carriage is to be set the dog Y is lifted against pressure of
spring e out of engagement with rack X, thus leaving the carriage free to be set
by hand.
The dog can be lifted out of action or away from rack X by a lever arm j
(Figures 3 and 7) extending from fulcrum or rotary bar h in carriage C and from
which fulcrum extends a lever arm g (Figure 7) acted on by spring i to normally
hold the lever arm gup and the arm down so that dog Y will engage rack X. The
lever arm
The
I is engaged or pressed down by arm k of lever kl fulcrumed at m.
upper or free end of lever arm is formed with an inclined face » adapted to be
pressed by nose o projecting from sleeve p rotatably mounted on a leg of the
U-shaped frame F. From sleeve projects a finger lever q (Figures 1 and 3), by
depressing which the sleeve p and nose o are vibrated or turned so that the nose o
pressing on inclined face n of leverk will vibrate the latter together with lever
arms gf, so that the latter will lift dog Y out of rack X. A finger rest or handle »
(Figures 1, 2, 3 and 7) is secured to the bar H in proximity to finger lever %
handler being serviceable in sliding the carriage by hand.
P
said
The rotary or vibratory sleeve p as stated is on one leg or branch of the
U-shaped frame F. On the other leg or branch of this frame F opposite the
sleeve p is a similar rotary or vibratory sleeves which can be actuated by finger
lever t. This sleeve s can lift the dog Y out of action by a similar lever system to
that marked, so that the actuation of either finger lever or t will vibrate
fulcrum bar h and lever arm to free the dog Y. Said lever and sleeves have,
however, a further function, namely, to rotate platen A.
The sleeves has a nose A' (Figures 2 and 4) similar to nose o of sleeve p. This
nose A when the sleeve s rotates or vibrates will actuate lever B'C' fulcruined
at D to carriage C. To lever arm Cat E' is fulcrumed a lever F G having a
nose H' pressed by spring 1' on lever arm C¹ so that when lever arm C' swings
downward the hooked lever arm F¹ will catch into toothed wheel L' on platen
shaft B so as to rotate said shaft with platen A. A stop K (Figure 4) on
carriage C pressing on the tail or lever arm G' of lever F G as the latter rises
will swing the lever arm F out of engagement with toothed wheel L' at the proper
moment. The platen A it may be noted can also be rotated by the hand wheel M
on shaft B. In proximity to the finger lever tis arranged a handle N' on bar H
similar to the handle fixed on bar H near the lever .
From bar H depends the swinging or pivoted arm 01 (Figure 2) the stud P¹
of which on the carriage C and bar H approaching the end of their travel will
While actuating
engage the hammer arm of bell Q' so as to sound the latter.
the hell hammer the arm braces itself or presses against arm I so as not to
swing or move, but on the return movement of the carriage the arm O' will
swing away from arm 1 so as to clear or glide over the bell hammer lever
without actuating the latter.
The bell is secured to a hanger or slide R' (Figures 2 and 7) on bar M
and said slide can be set along the bar M by a set screw S', a pointer Ton
Another set
the slide travelling over scale O so as to show where the bell Q'is set.
screw U with a pointer V can be set toward or from pointer T the space
between the pointers TV indicating the desired limit of travel of the carriage C.
The slides carrying the set screws S¹ U¹ being mounted on the bar or track M
on which travels the roller L, said slides will form stops for the roller so as to
limit the travel of the roller and the consequent travel of the carriage. The
bringing of the screws SU₁ more or less together thus limits or enlarges the
travel of the carriage C.
From each of the rods S rises an arm W1 (Figures 4 and 7) said arm W' carrying
pivots for supporting the ribbon frame Y carrying the ribbon spools Z. From
the ribbon frame Y' extend arms a', the free ends of which lie near the platen A
and are slightly separated (Figure 1). The ribbon passes from one spool Z¹
across the free separated ends of arms a¹ to the other spool Z¹.
As will be

page_text: seen later on the type bars are arranged to strike on the ribbon 6' between the
free ends of arms a¹ so as to drive or stretch the ribbon toward the platen when
producing an impression.
The ribbon frame Y¹ with the arms a¹ and ribbon b¹ oscillate on the pivots X'
so that when the machine is not printing the free ends of arms a¹ with the
interposed ribbon portion are down or below the printing line of the platen so
as to expose the printing, but when a type bar moves toward the platen to print,
the free ends of arms a rise or swing up to the printing line so that the type
bar in making its printing stroke will land on the ribbon portion between the
free ends of arms a'. The means for producing this oscillation of the ribbon
frame will be presently explained.
Each ribben spool Z' has on its under face a ratchet wheel c'. Pawls d'
(Figure 1) project from a bar or rod adjustably mounted in frame plates f¹
(Figures 2 and 4) one frame plate rising from each rod S. The rod e¹ has
near one end a projection g' (Figure 2) forming shoulders and by depressing
this end of rode against the spring the rod e' can be slid to abut one shoulder
or another of the projection g' against frame plate ƒ. This setting of the rod e
can be made to bring either one spring pawl d' or another into action. In
Figure 1 the right hand spring pawl is shown in action, and the left hand
one out of action. As the ribbon frame Y¹ now oscillates on pivots K the
ratchet engaged by a pawl is moved or swung toward the platen a sufficient
distance to cause the engaging pawl d to jump into a tooth of the ratchet e
succeeding the one just previously engaged by the pawl so that on the return
swing of the frame Y', the spool Z' will be slightly rotated to feed the ribbon a
certain degree onto the actuated spool and from the other. As one pawl d' or
another is in engagement the ribbon will be fed in one direction or another and
should the rod be so set that neither pawl d' is in engagement, said pawls will
evidentally not rotate the spools Z'.
Stop pawls prevent retrograde rotation of one or another of the ratchets e¹ and
spools Z'. These stop pawls are formed by an arm ¿ (Figure 1) pivoted at k¹ to
the ribbon frame Y. The ends of arm are provided with spring blades or
fingers forming the stop pawls and as the arm is set or turned on its pivot k¹,
one pawl or another will come into action. In Figure the right hand stop
pawl is shown in action and the left band one out of action. On the arm are
noses m and on the setting rod e are projections n' and as the rod e is slid or
adjusted to bring one or another of pawls into action, one or another of the
projections strike one or another of the noses m' to swing the arm on pivot k¹
so as to shift one or another of the stop pawls into action. The arm also has
a nose o¹ and as the arm is swung on pivot ', the spring 7 (Figures 4 and 7)
will press on
one side or the other of the nose to hold the arm against
accidental movement.
It is seen from the above that if the sliding rod e' is slid to one side a sufficient
distance, one pawl with the corresponding stop pawl is in action, and if the
rod e is slid far enough to the other side of the machine, the other pawl and
stop pawl are in action, while if the rod e' occupies an intermediate position all
the pawls d' are out of action and the spools Z can then be turned by hand in
either direction. The spring g' (Figures 4 and 7) rises from an arm or hanger l
depending from the ribbon frame Y and this hanger r serves to oscillate the
ribbon frame on the pivots X' as will presently appear.
The ribbon frame with the carriage platen and feed rack it is noticed are all
supported on the rods S, which rest on the legs s'. These legs are adapted to slide
vertically up and down a certain distance to bring the platen into position for each
type bar to print with one or another of its types, or as generally expressed for
printing with the upper or lower case. The legs are guided or supported in the
frame or support A", the lower ends of the legs s¹ being diminished in diameter to
form shoulders resting on feet B" as seen in Figures 8 and 9. The feet B project

page_text: from or are fixed to arms C", one at each side of the machine or frame A" and
each of said arms C is fixed to a rock shaft D" so that arms C" will swing or
oscillate together.
At one side of the machine in proximity to an arm C" is arranged a lever E"
and at the other side of the machine in proximity to the other arm C" is a corre-
sponding lever F. These levers E" F" have saddles or seats Gloosely
straddling or seated on the rock shaft D" so that the levers E" F" can be actuated
independently of one another. These levers E" F" extend from the rear of the
machine forward to within reach of the operator. Each lever E" F" engages
under its adjacent arm C by means of a shoulder or projection H" so that the
depression of the outer end of any one lever E" or F" will actuate the adjacent.
arm G" and the rock shaft D" and consequently also the other arm C¹ so as to
raise the legs s'. Each lever E" F" has a restoring spring 1" to return its lever
when released.
To the frame A" at K" is pivoted a hook or catch L" which tends to swing
forward or into engaging position under the influence of spring M". When the
arms C are raised by lever F" the catch L" will snap under one of the arins C"
so as to hold the feet s' and the devices thereon raised as seen in Figure 11. To
release the catch L" the lever E" is actuated, said lever having at its rear end an
inclined face N" (Figures 10 and 11) which striking against the catch L" will
force said catch back or out of action against the pressure of its spring M" and
thus allow the legs s¹ to sink. Should the lever E be used to raise the legs,¹
the inclined face N of said lever will hold back the catch L" so that the
legs will sink as soon as the lever E" is released. By thus either actuating
lever For E", the legs s' will be raised and locked in raised position or said
legs will be merely raised to sink again on the release of the lever E".
Upwardly pressing springs O" under the feet B" ease the descent of the legs s'
but said springs O" are not powerful enough to raise or hold up the legs &' with
the mechanism carried by said legs.
The finger keys or levers pl are fulcrumed on a suitably supported cross
bar Q near the rear of the machine and said rear ends of levers P are seated
or guided in slots or ways R" (Figure 6). A suitable distance in front of the
fulcrum red Q are springs S" seated in a cross bar T" and which springs S"
serve to quickly lift or restore the keys P when released. Each key P" is
jointed at U to a bell crank lever Vif W", the arm V" of which is fulcrumed
on a cross bar X" supported by a cross brace Y" suitably grooved to form
seats or guide grooves for the lever arms V". The lever arms W" are jointed
at Z to links a having at their rear ends studs or teeth adapted to
successively engage into recesses in the flaring tail piece of each type
bar e. Each type bar is fulcrumed at fill in a plate or hanger g suitably
grooved to form guide ways for the swinging type bar.
When a key is depressed the arm Wis swung forward so as to cause at
first that tooth 6 of the link al which is situated furthest from the type bar
fulcrum to pull on the tail piece for swinging the type of type bar el
toward the platen A. As the link a swings the type bar up, the teeth 6"
nearer to the fulcrum 1 successively come into action and at the end of the
swing of type bar el toward the platen, the tooth nearest the fulcrum
acts to move the type bar. In consequence of this continually shortening
leverage of link all ou type bar e, the link all tends to continually accelerate
the motion of the type bar toward the platen so that the type bar will deliver its
printing stroke in the sharp quick manner desired for clear work.
111
The type bars et have each an eye or perforated portion hand by compressing
the rim of the eye h either transversely or longitudinally, the type bar is
lengthened or shortened as required for proper adjustment.
The tail piece d' of each type bar in addition to being guided in the slots or
grooves of the hanger g is further guided by the grooves or slots in the cross
piece (Figures 3 and 7). From each tail piece d extends a link k¹¹¹, the front
B

page_text: part of which is guided in one of the eyes or perforation in cross piece.
restoring spring m for the link braced against said cross piece is useful for
quickly returning link . The front part of link hooks over or engages the
part of the frame np (Figures 2 and 7) said frame n p being jointed or
pivotally supported on the arms o fixed to the rock shaft q provided with a
depending arm engaged by restoring springs.
111
111
From the frame extends an arm A the front part of which is forked at B
(Figures 4 and 7). Into this fork B, extends the arm for vibrating the ribbon
frame Y, said arm being capable of rising and falling in the fork B without
coming out of engagement therewith. When a type bar e swings up to print, this
type bar draws back on the link k, this oscillating or moving the frame np
with the arm A backward and oscillating the arm and ribbon frame You the
pivots X so as to swing the free ends of the arms a' with the ribbon up to the
printing line.
The backwardly moving arm A by means of a joint or pivot C actuates the
lever Don its fulcrum E (Figure 7). The lever D is jointed at Fill to
link G which at H is jointed to the arm I depending from the rocking
sleeve V to which is fixed the feed rack X, so that the latter being thus vibrated
will effect the feed of the platen carriage as already noted.
In order to have the type bars el strike accurately on the printing point, a guide
or arm K (Figure 5) is provided having a forked head or top L (Figures 1
and 5) between the tines or branches of which fork L each of the type bars ell
enters toward the end of its stroke so as to be guided by said fork to the printing
point or exact spot where the impression is required.
The fulcrum support or cross brace Y carrying the fulcrum X" acts as a
stop for limiting the upward movement of the finger keys P as seen in Figure 4.
The fork L is situated so that the engagement of the fork with the type bar
will occur at a point inside the type or between the type and the type bar fulcrum,
so as to leave the type which are at the free end of the type bar unobstructed
in their printing action. The link it is noticed engages the tail piece of
the type bar at the opposite side of the fulcrum from that on which the
link or its studs or teeth c engages, said tail piece and said link will
aid in restoring the type bar to its starting point when released, so that said
link in one sense acts as a withdrawing link for moving the type bar from the
platen.
The paper to be printed on can be held snugly about the platen by arms or
springs M clasping the platen, said arms M being movably or slidably mounted
in the platen carriage on a transverse bar or rod N¹ (Figures 4 and 7) so that said
arms M can be slid or adjusted on the rod N toward or from one another to
correspond to the adjustment of the stops or pointers TV. The rod Nlies in
slots or recesses (Figure 4) in the platen carriage and is held toward the platen
by springs P secured to the rod N and to the carriage. The springs P
allow the rod Na certain play from and toward the carriage. A roller also
serves to hold the paper toward the platen, the axle R of said roller being
movably mounted in slots or recesses in the platen carriage and held toward
the platen by springs T.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is-
1. The combination with a suitably actuated type bar provided with a plurality
of type of a platen or paper carriage made vertically shiftable in a rectilinear
direction so as to bring the paper to the printing points of the various types,
movable arms C located on opposite sides of the machine and on which the platen
permanently rests and independent levers for shifting the arms and a detent for
holding the carriage after being shifted or raised substantially as described.
2. The combination with a suitably actuated type bar of a platen or paper

page_text: carriage, movable legs for the carriage, arms C" made to engage said legs, a rock
shaft to which said arms are fixed and an actuating lever for each of said arms,
each actuating lever being loosely mounted on the rock shaft so as to be capable of
independent actuation thereon substantially as described.
3. The combination with a suitably actuated type bar of a platen or paper
carriage, movable legs for the carriage, arms C" made to engage said legs, a rock
shaft to which said arms are fixed, an actuating lever for each of said arms, and a
detent for engaging one of said arms, the actuating lever of said last named_arm
being inade to engage the detent to release the latter substantially as described.
4. The combination with a suitably actuated type bar of a platen or paper
carriage, movable legs for the platen, independent cushioning springs O" for said
legs, arms C made to engage said legs and an actuating lever (one or more) for
said arms, said springs O and arms C being located on opposite sides of the
carriage substantially as described.
5. The combination with a suitably actuated type har of a platen or paper
carriage, movable legs for the carriage, arms C" made to engage said legs a rock
shaft to which said arms are fixed and an actuating lever for each of said arms,
each actuating lever being loosely mounted on the rock shaft and provided with its
individual restoring spring substantially as described.
6. The combination with a platen, of a type bar having a series of engaging
recesses, and an actuating lever or key provided with a link having corresponding
studs or projections made to successively enter said recesses during the movement
of the type bar, said type bar turning on a pivot or fulcrum, and said recesses being
located at varying distances from said fulcrum, so that the leverage is varied by the
successive engagement of the recesses, substantially as described.
7. The combination with a platen, of a type bar provided with a flaring tail
piece having recesses, and an actuating lever or key provided with a link having
corresponding studs or projections made to successively enter said recesses during
the movement of the type har, said type bar turning on a pivot or fulcrum, and
said recesses being located at varying distances from said fulcrum, so that the
leverage is varied by the successive engagement of the recesses, substantially as
described.
8. The combination with a platen of a type bar provided with a tail piece having
recesses or seats and an actuating lever provided with a link having corresponding
studs or projections made to successively enter said recesses during the movement
of the type bar, said type bar being made to turn on a pivot or fulcrum and said
recesses being located at varying distances from said fulcrum so that the leverage
is varied by the successive engagement of the recesses substantially as described.
9. The combination with a platen of a type bar provided with a tail piece, having
recesses or seats and an actuating lever or key, a bell crank lever actuated by said
key, and a link jointed to said bell crank lever and having its free end provided
with studs or projections made to correspond to and to successively enter the
recesses of the tail piece of the type bar substantially as described.
10. The combination with a platen of a type bar provided with a tail piece having
recesses or seats and an actuating lever or key, a bell crank lever actuated by said
key and having its fulcrum support arranged to act as a stop for the key, and a
link jointed to said bell crank lever and having its free end provided with studs or
projections made to correspond to and to successively enter the sockets of the tail
piece of the type bars substantially as describeil.
11. The combination with a suitably actuated type bar provided with a plurality
of type, and a pivot about which the type bar swings, of a platen or paper carriage
made vertically shiftable so as to bring the paper to the printing points of the
various types, movable arms C₁ located on opposite sides of the machine and on
which the platen permanently rests, and independent levers for shifting the arms,
said levers being loose or detached from the arms C" so that the latter can move
independently of the levers substantially as described.
12. The combination with a platen, of a type bar actuating mechanism,

page_text: substantially as described for the bar, and a withdrawing link formed separate
from the actuating mechanism and permanently connected to the bar at one end,
the other end of the link being arranged in a guide and provided with a
withdrawing spring braced against said guide, substantially as described.
13. The combination with a platen, of a type bar provided with a flaring tail
piece, actuating mechanism, substantially as described connected to said tail piece,
and a withdrawing link formed separate from the actuating mechanism and
permanently connected to said tail piece at one end, the other end of the link being
arranged in a guide and provided with a withdrawing spring braced against
said guide, substantially as described.
14. The combination with a platen of a type bar provided with a flaring tail
piece mounted on a fulcrum or support, actuating mechanisin substantially as
described connected to the tail piece at one side of the fulcrum and a withdrawing
link formed separate from the actuating mechanism and permanently connected to
the tail piece at the other side of the fulcrum, said link being led in a guide
and provided with a withdrawing spring braced against said guide substantially as
described.
15. The combination with a platen of a type bar, actuating mechanism substan-
tially as described for the bar, a withdrawing link for said har and a spring
actuated lever or frame ap engaged by the withdrawing link substantially as
described.
16. The combination with a suitably fed platen of a type bar, actuating
mechanism substantially as described for the bar, a withdrawing link for the bar
and a spring actuated lever or frame np engaged by the withdrawing link,
said spring actuated lever being connected to the feed of the platen substantially
as described.
17. The combination with a suitably fed platen of a type bar, a ribbon frame
adapted to bring its ribbon toward the platen during the forward or printing
motion of the type bar and to withdraw the ribbon during the return movement of
the type bar, actuating mechanism substantially as described for the bar, a
withdrawing link for the bar and a spring actuated lever or frame engaged by the
withdrawing link, said spring actuated lever being connected to the platen feed
and ribbon frame substantially as described.
18. The combination with a platen having a fixed stop or catch and a movable
spring actuated dog of a vibrating rack for alternately engaging the stop and the
dog, a spring actuated lever or frame for actuating the rack, a type bar, actuating
mechanism substantially as described for the type bar, and a withdrawing link
made to extend from the type bar to the spring actuated lever or frame substan-
tially as described.
19. The combination with a platen provided with a fixed stop and a pair of guides
or eyes of a bar arranged to slide in said eyes, a spring braced or compressed against
one of said eyes and against the bar, a dog and a shoulder made to extend from the
bar at opposite sides of an eye so as to limit the vibration or sliding of the bar in
the eyes, and a vibrating rack for alternately engaging the stop and the dog
substantially as described.
20. The combination with a platen provided with a fixed stop and a movable
dog of a vibrating rack for alternately engaging the stop and the dog, a spring e
for pressing the dog toward the rack, an arm for lifting the dog out of engage-
ment with the rack and a lever for actuating said dog lifting arm, said lever being
made to extend forward of the platen substantially as described.
21. The combination with a platen carriage of a platen rotatably mounted in
said carriage a toothed wheel for rotating the platen, a lever made to actuate the
toothed wheel, a movable dog on said carriage, a feed rack adapted to be engaged
by said dog and a lifting arm for moving the dog out of engagement with the rack,
said gear actuating lever being made to engage said lifting arm for actuating the
latter and a rotary sleeve s mounted on the platen carriage and made to engage
said lever, said sleeve being made to extend to the forward part of the carriage

page_text: and being provided with a laterally projecting finger piece t substantially as
described.
22. The combination with a plateu carriage of a platen mounted in said carriage,
clasping arms or springs made to extend about the platen, a movable bar or
support N for the arms and springs P secured to the carriage and to the bar
for holding the latter with the arms toward the platen, said bar Nil being guided
in ways O at the forward part of the platen substantially as described.
23. The combination with a platen carriage of a platen mounted in said carriage,
clasping arms or springs made to extend about the platen, a movable bar or
support N for the arms, a roller Qmade to bear against said platen and
having a movable axle or support and independent springs respectively secured
to said carriage and to the movable bar and axle for moving the said bar and
axle independently of one another toward the platen substantially as described.
24. The combination with a platen, a type bar and actuating mechanism substan-
tially as described for said parts of a movable ribbon frame or carrier provided
with a rigid hanger ¹ depending therefrom and a forward and backward oscillating
fork B made to engage the hanger for moving the ribbon frame to carry the
ribbon toward the platen during the forward or printing stroke of the type bar and
to withdraw the ribbon during the retura stroke of the type bar.
111
25. The combination with a platen, a type bar and an actuating key for the type
bar, of a swinging or pivotally supported ribbon frame or carrier provided with a
rigid hanger depending therefrom, an arm A provided with a fork B₁ made to
engage the hanger, an oscillating frame n p connected to the type bar and made
to support the arm A, and swinging arms o¹ to which said oscillating frame is
jointed, substantially as described.
26. The combination with a platen, a type bar and actuating mechanism sub-
stantially as described for said parts of a swinging or pivotally supported ribbon
frame or carrier provided with spools or bobbins for the ribbon, and with a rigid
hanger and a forward and backward oscillating fork B made to engage the
hanger for swinging the ribbon frame and mechanism substantially as described
for rotating the spools during the operation of the device.
27. The combination with a platen, a type bar and actuating mechanism sub-
stantially as described for said parts of a swinging or pivotally supported ribbon
frame or carrier, provided with spools or bobbins for the ribbon, and with a rigid
banger and a forward and backward oscillating fork B made to engage the
hanger for swinging the ribbon frame and shiftable rotating mechanisin for
enabling the spools to be turned one way or the other during the operation
of the device substantially as described.
28. The combination with a platen, a type bar and actuating mechanism sub-
stantially as described for said parts of a swinging or pivotally supported ribbon
frame or carrier, a rigid hanger and horizontally oscillating fork Bi for swinging
the ribben frame, ribbon spools or bobbins mounted on the ribbon frame and
provided with ratchets, and pawls placed in such proximity to the ratchets that the
swing of the ribbon frame will cause successive engagement of the teeth of a
ratchet with a pawl so as to feed the ribbon substantially as described.
29. The combination with a platen, its supporting carriage, a vertically shiftable
Eupport for the carriage, a type bar and actuating mechanism substantially as
described for the carriage and bar, of a ribbon frame made to swing in the vertically
shiftable carriage support and provided with ribbon spools or bobbins carrying
ratchets, and pawls mounted in the carriage so as to remain fixed during the swing
of the ribbon frame so that one or the other of said ribbon spools will carry
its ratchet teeth into successive engagement with the pawl to rotate the spool
substantially as described.
30. The combination with a platen, its supporting carriage, a vertically shiftable
support for the carriage, a type bar and actuating mechanism substantially as
described for the carriage and bar, of a ribbon frame made to swing in the

page_text: carriage support and provided with ribbon spools or bobbins carrying ratchets,
pawls for said ratchets and a shifting bar mounted in the carriage and made to
support the pawls for shifting the latter substantially as described.
31. The combination with a platen, its supporting carriage, a vertically shiftable
support for the carriage, a type bar aud actuating mechanism substantially as
described for the carriage and bar, of a ribbon frame made to swing in the carriage
support and provided with ribbon spools or bobbins carrying ratchets, stop pawls
for the ratchets, a shifting bar for throwing one stop pawl or another into action,
and actuating pawls for said ratchets carried by the shifting bar substantially as
described.
32. The combination with a platen, its supporting carriage, a vertically shiftable
support for the carriage, a type bar and actuating mechanism substantially as
described for the carriage and bar, of a ribbon frame made to swing in the carriage
support and provided with ribbon spools or bobbins carrying ratchets, an arm jointed
to the ribbon frame and provided with stop pawls for the ratchets, a shifting bar
for swinging the stop pawl arm to bring one stop pawl or another into action,
and actuating pawls for the ratchets secured to the shifting bar substantially as
described.
33. The combination with a type bar provided with a plurality of type and
actuating mechanism substantially as described for the bar, of a platen, a carriage
for the platen made shiftable so as to bring the platen into correspondence with
the various types on the bar, a ribbon frame provided with bobbins and pivoted
or made to swing in the platen carriage support and mechanism substantially as
described for swinging the frame to bring the ribbon toward the platen during the
forward or printing stroke of the type bar and to withdraw the ribbon during the
return stroke of said bar, said bobbins being made to swing with the frame so as
to preserve uniform tension of the ribbon substantially as described.
34. The combination with a type bar provided with a plurality of type and
actuating mechanism substantially as described for the bar, of a platen, a carriage
for the platen mounted on a shiftable support so as to bring the platen into
correspondence with the various types on the bar, a ribbon frame carried by the
shiftable support, a feed rack for the platen, said feed rack being carried by the
shiftable support, a lever frame for actuating the feed rack and a link for conveying
motion from the type bar to the lever frame substantially as described.
35. The combination with a platen and a feed rack therefor of a series of type
bars, actuating keys or levers for said type bars, a lever frame, a link made to
extend from each of the type bars to the lever frame, a forward and backward
oscillating arm A connected to the lever frame, a lever D connected to said
arm A, a link G connected to the lever D, and a depending arm Icon-
nected to the link G and to the rack so as to convey motion to the latter
substantially as described.
36. The combination with a platen and a foed rack therefor of a series of type
bars, actuating keys or levers for said type bars, a lever frame connected to the rack
for actuating the latter, a link made to extend from each of the type bars to the
lever frame and a rod or bar provided with an eye or guide for each of the links
substantially as described.
37. The combination with a platen, its feed rack and its shiftable carriage of a
type bar, an actuating key or lever for said type bar, a lever frame connected to
the rack for actuating the latter, a link made to extend from the type bar to the
lever frame, a ribbon frame movably supported in the carriage support, an
actuating arm made to extend from the ribbon frame into movable connection with
the lever frame so as to be actuated by said lever frame in any position to which
said ribbon frame may be carried by the carriage support substantially as
described.
38. The combination with a platen, and its
support N¹¹ in the carriage and arms or clasps M
carriage, of a transverse rod or
adjustably or slidably mounted

page_text: on said rod or support said rod N being movably mounted in slots or seats in the
carriage and springs P for holding the rod N toward the platen substantially as
described.
Dated this 25th day of September 1894.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents.