IMPROVE- MENTS IN ČAS MOTORS
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, PILIBERT MUGNIER, 58 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ČAS MOTORS" and in what manner the same is to be performed to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention has for object improvements in the construction and arrangement
of gas motors, whatever may be the nature of the combustible mixture employed
in them. The improvements have reference to a new arrangement of cylinder, to
a new system of distribution, to the application of a relief valve, and principally
in the combination of an oscillating movement of the cylinder with an igniting
apparatus, in order that the latter may not operate except at the desired moment.
From this there results an economy of gas, the avoidance of heating of the cylinder,
and the prevention of back ignitions.
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Referring to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal
section in line A¹, B¹. Fig. 2, of a gas motor constructed according to my Invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan in line C³. D¹ Fig. 1, the cylinder being in the horizontal
position. Fig. 3 is a vertical section in line E' F¹ Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shews a modi-
fication of the igniting valve illustrated in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of
the distributing apparatus, and Fig. 6 a transverse section of the same in line I'. J'.
Fig. 5. The same letters of reference indicate the same or similar parts in all the
Figures.
The gas motor is composed of a cylinder A with a jacket designed to receive a
current of water for cooling purposes; this cylinder oscillates upon the base plate B
which is furnished to that end with two bearings b, b to support the axis of
Oscillation A" of the cylinder. Two other bearings carry the crank shaft, operated
by the piston rod D which is guided by the cross-head G', the fly-wheel and pulley
being keyed upon this shaft. This arrangement of oscillating cylinder allows of a
more direct action, at the moment of greatest effort, upon the crank; it reduces in.
a notable degree the length of the various parts, facilitates the formation of the
explosive mixture, and influences favorably the cooling.
At the rear of the cylinder A is fixed the distributing apparatus consisting of a
cylindrical box bolted upon the cylinder A, in which turns a hollow cylinder G,
driven by the pitched chain N, passing round a toothed wheel upon the main shaft,
and round a second wheel O, made in one with a toothed wheel P, both loose upon
the trunnion of the cylinder. The wheel P gears with a wheel Q keyed upon the
Din G21

page_text: axis R of the distributing valve G, which is bored internally and is in communi-
cation with the two channels S by which gas is introduced into the cylinder A.
The gas is introduced into the axis R by the valve T noving in the box tin
communication with the feeding reservoir by a flexible pipe k. This valve is
moved automatically by the lever M, which is raised at intervals by the tappet u
of a cam U fixed upon the wheel Q; the lever oscillates about an axis L, held by
two cars K cast with the distribution box F, which is furnished with an exhaust H,
with two packing pieces I and a lubricator J.
By this arrangement it is possible to regulate the quantity of gas necessary to
the mixture, varying the stroke of the valve by the two nuts R¹, the valve being
closed by the spiral spring V.
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The air is introduced into the distributing valve by the orifices a¹ and by the
hollow part c. d, and enters the cylinder at the same time as the gas which passes
by the conduits c. f, communicating with the perforated tube g.
At the moment of ignition or inflammation the pressure produced by the
explosion takes effect upon the full part, which at this instant completely closes
the orifices e, f, and h. The escape of the burnt gases is by the orifices e, f, and h,
then by the hollow part c. d and finally by the exhaust pipo H.
With the object of preventing rarefaction in the cylinder resulting from the
irregular supply of gas, which would produce a late ignition or inflammation, there
is placed at the lower part of the cylinder A a box X furnished with a purging
cock R and with a valvo V₁ of caoutchouc or other suitablo material. This is
protected by a stop plate P¹, and beats against the perforated seat Z. As can be
seen in Fig. 1 this box is removed as far as possible from the centre of ignition or
inflammation, in order that the valve may not suffer from the heat. This valve
acts as a relief valve only when the ignition or inflammation does not take place
immediately after the closing of the air inlet by the distributing valve. The air
admitted by this valve enters the cylinder by the passage W, and the grating w.
In its stroke the piston E uncovers the orifice V so placed as to cause the
lighting of the explosive mixture at the required moment, and to correspond to
the conical valve m. This valve acts in combination with a gas inlet pipe o
furnished with two burners p and q, which are fed by a cock r. The one q serves
to relight the other in case of extinction. The aspiration opens the valve m and
at this moment a tappet u¹ meets the lever t of the cock r., the flame of the
burner is introduced into the cylinder by the orifice and the ignition or
inflammation takes place. The valve m closes automatically by the pressure
produced by the explosion; the cylinder by its oscillating movement descends, the
tappet u¹ is removed from the lever t¹, which, under the influence of the spring a.
closes the cock 7 which carries a stop to prevent its closing completely in order
that it may produce a very short flame.
A spring, fixed upon the burner p, touches lightly the end of the conical
valve m to raise it from its seat in case it should have been jammed by the
explosion. It will be seen that by this arrangement the flame required for tho
ignition or inflammation is only produced at the desired moment; the heating of
the cylinder is thus prevented, there is an economy of gas, and back ignitions
cannot take place, if irregular ignitions be produced.
To stop the motor a valve upon the tube o is closed. In Fig. 4 the conical
valve m is replaced by a ball f, the angle of inclination of the axis of the valve
being sufficiently great that after the explosion the ball falls of itself upon the
seat gl, in this case the spring a becomes unnecessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use in a gas motor of an oscillating cylinder constructed and arranged
substantially as hereinabove described and shewn on Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the

page_text: 2. In gas motors arranging the distributing apparatus for the admission and
exhaustion of explosive mixture substantially as hereinabove described and
represented in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6 of the Drawings.
3. In gas motors the use of a relief valve for the aspiration of air to prevent a
rarefaction in the cylinder in case of late ignition substantially as described, with
reference to and shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the Drawings.
4. In gas motors the combination of an oscillating motion of the cylinder with
an igniting apparatus, for the purpose of introducing to the centre of ignition or
inflammation the quantity of gas necessary to produce the explosion, at the exact
moment and of keeping only a small flame at other times, substantially as described
and illustrated.
5. The improved gas motor, constructed arranged and operating substantially as
described with reference to the Drawings.
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