IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WARMING AND OTHER STOVES FOR GENERATING AND RADIATING HEAT, AND ALSO POR ECONOMIZING COMBUSTION THEREIN AND ATTEN- TION THERETO
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert John Stainton and Edmund Charles Davey,
of No. 14, Holland Street, Blackfriars Road, Southwark, Iron Plate
Workers and Stove Manufacturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WARMING AND OTHER STOVES FOR GENERATING AND
RADIATING HEAT, AND ALSO POR ECONOMIZING COMBUSTION THEREIN AND ATTEN-
TION THERETO."
Sealed the 16th November 1855, and dated the 21st May 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert John Stainton and
Edmund Charles Davey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 21st May 1855.
We, ROBERT JOHN STAINTON and EDMUND CHARLES DAVEY, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUC-
TION OF WARMING AND OTHER STOVES FOR GENERATING AND RADIATING HEAT, AND
ALSO FOR ECONOMIZING COMBUSTION THEREIN AND ATTENTION THERETO," to be as
follows, viz.:
The peculiar arrangement of the parts of the said stoves (applicable to the
combustion of coke, coal, gas, or any other combustible material), whereby a
great heat is generated in the fire pan, basket, or grate, whence it ascends
through one or more shafts to the top chamber of stove, and then descends
from the said chamber round the body of stove, (from whence the products of
combustion pass off into the chimney or flue without the loss of heat,) whereby

page_text: we greatly economize the combustion in the said stoves and attention thereto,
as the said stoves require no attention after having been properly lighted until
all combustion has ceased, which will occupy twelve hours.
The accompanying Diagram will show the principle of our improvements
as applied to an ordinary warming stove.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert John Stainton, and Edmund Charles Davey in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st November 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
JOHN STAINTON and EDMUND CHARLES DAVEY, of No. 14, Holland Street,
Blackfriars Road, Southwark, Iron Plate Workers and Stove Manufacturers,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Robert John Stainton and Edmund Charles Davey, Her special licence
that we, the said Robert John Stainton and Edmund Charles Davey, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert
John Stainton and Edmund Charles Davey, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WARMING AND OTHER
STOVES FOR GENERATING AND RADIATING HEAT, AND ALSO FOR ECONOMIZING Cox-
BUSTION THEREIN AND ATTENTION THERETO," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, tho said Robert John Stainton and Edmund Charles Davey, by an
instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us, should particularly deseribe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert John Stainton and Edmund
Charles Davey, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The nature of the said Invention, which has already been intimated generally
by the Provisional Specification filed on application for the said Letters Patent,
is hereby, in compliance with the aforesaid condition in the said Letters Patent
contained, particularly described to consist in the construction of stoves in the
following peculiar manner, said stoves being applicable to the economizing
therein the combustion of coal, coke, or other combustible material, including
inflammable gas: In the construction or arrangement of the stove to be used
for the combustion of coke, coal, and such like fuel, great heat is obtained in the
grate, basket, or fire pan underneath a fuel or feed chamber (and in the stove
for
gas
in the combustion chamber), whence the heat ascends through one or
more shafts or flues to the top or hot air chamber, from which the heat descends
and circulates within the body of the stove around the fuel chamber (in the
gas stove around the air shaft), whence the products of combustion pass off into
the chimney or exit flue without sensible loss of heat, whereby the combustion
or the heat resulting from the combustion is greatly economized in and by the
said stoves. It may be here remarked, that gas could be used in this stove
without the modifications above alluded to, and exemplified by Figs. 6 and 7 of
the Drawings. Except in the stove as preferred to be used for the combustion
of gas, the fuel chamber is immediately above the grate, fire pan, or basket,
which can be charged with a sufficient amount of fuel to last a given time,
according to the capacity of the stove, so that when the fuel has once been
well lighted, no further attention will generally be required, thus economizing
the attention necessary.
(II.) Having thus particularly described the nature of our said Invention,
we will now, in further compliance with the aforesaid condition in the said
Letters Patent, particularly describe and ascertain in what manner the same is
to be performed or put in practice, wherein we shall refer to the accompanying
Drawings by the words, figures, and letters marked thereon, and herein-after
referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, elevation of stove; Fig. 2, transverse vertical section of stove, (that
is,) section taken in the middle of the stove at right angles to the face of the
elevation or front; Fig. 3, vertical section of stove; this section being taken
through the middle of the stove in a line parallel to the front and at right
angles to the section Fig. 2; Fig. 4, view of grate, fire pan, or basket; Fig. 5,
wlan of her (A) and of ton chamber \ In those lituras A Adenote

page_text: the base of the stove, which is set upon short legs, and is provided with an ash
pan, with air-draught regulator, and fire door. B, B, is the grate, fire pan,
or basket, which is so constructed as to communicate with the two shafts or
flues C, C, (see Fig. 3.) D, D, the body of the stove, containing the fuel or feed
chamber E, which is provided with a lid or cover. F, F, the top or hot air
chamber. G is the feed cover or lid for the introduction of the fuel. H, H,
covers or lids above the shafts or flues (C, C.) I, the chimney or exit pipe.
.Fig. 6 exhibits a transverse vertical section of the modification of this stove as
arranged when used for the combustion of gas therein. This section is taken
in the same way as Fig. 2 as regards Fig. 1; Fig. 7, vertical section, taken
like Fig. 3 as regards Fig. 1.
The same Figures and references will apply here as in Figs. 1 to 3, except
as hereafter mentioned, (viz.):-In the case Ex is an air shaft running through
from the base to the top; this becoming heated will give off heat, which will be
cominunicated to the apartment or place where the stove is placed by means of
the perforated cover G*. A*, the base or combustion chamber, which in this
case has a door, which is without the ash pan and regulator, described with
regard to Figs. 1 to 3. The gas jets burn within this combustion chamber,
the grate, fire pan, and fuel or feed chamber being necessarily dispensed with.
With regard to the stove, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, we may remark, that to
feed the stove it will be desirable not only to tako off the feed cover G and the
lid or cover of the fuel or feed chamber E, but also to apply a funnel extending
from G to the last-mentioned lid or cover, so as to conduct the fuel into
chamber E without dropping any into other parts of the stove.
We prefer to
make this stove either by casting, or forming the same thus:-The base A, A,
is constructed of of two plates of metal, of form shewn at Fig. 5, secured to the
body of said base. The top chamber F, F, is likewise constructed in the same
manner. Between the base and top chamber we secure the several cylinders
forming the flues C, C, and body D, D, together with the exit pipe I. Although
we prefer this method, we can adopt any method whereby we can form stoves
of the character before stated. With regard to the use of this stove, we may
state that coke, coal, or other fuel of similar character being used, the fire
door should be opened, the wood or igniter deposited in the grate or fire
pan B, the fuel then introduced, and the cover G and the lid of the chamber E
closed; and when the fire has been well lighted, then the fire door should be
closed, unless quick draught, very great heat, and rapid combustion be desired,
when the fire door may be left open. With regard to this stove, when used as
a gas stove, it will be simply necessary to turn on and light the gas and close
the door.

page_text: (III.) Having thus far particularly described the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we here remark, that although
we have exhibited in the Drawings, and herein described the precise forms and
constructions we prefer to adopt, yet we do not restrict ourselves to such precise
forms and constructions; but we claim the improvements in stoves of the nature
or character set forth in the outset (I.) of this Specification.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert John Stainton and Edmund
Charles Davey, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twentieth
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-five.
ROBT J. STAINTON.
(LS.)
EDMUND CHARLES DAVEY. (LS.)
Signed and sealed in my presence,
F. W. CAMPIN, Patent Agent,
156, Strand.