Improvements in Window Sashes and Frames.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 21st Sept., 1894-Accepted, 27th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Window Sashes and Frames.
I, EDMUND GEORGE KENDALL, of 53 High Street, Harborne, in the County of
Stafford, Architect, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is improvements in window sashes and frames and
consists of a device for combining the actions by cords, pullies, and weights, which
will admit of the sashes being reversible for the purpose of cleaning and repairing,
from the inside of the house, dispensing with ladder or other means now in use and
which can be applied to any window sashes, and is constructed in the following
manner.
Each stile or vertical piece of the upper and lower sash frames is made with a
hollow in its side for the purpose of receiving a second upright piece with a vertical
dovetail on its back which fits into a corresponding dovetailed recess formed in the
window frame; or this dovetail recess may be made in metal and attached to the
frame. The extra strip supplementing the side of the sash has a vertical swell
which fits into the hollow of the frame itself which thus establishes a tendency for
the front edge to always stand level with the sash itself. Bebind the dovetail piece
I fit a spring or springs by preference flat ones for the purpose of always keeping
the dovetail strips against the sides of the dovetail grooves in the frame. At the
centre of the heighth of each sash I mount a pivot on each stile for the purpose of
allowing the sash to turn. This pivot is formed by metal plates the end of the
pivot being formed with an enlargement to prevent the sash moving too far, but
allowing sufficient liberty for a certain amount of side movement.
The pivot plate
which carries the whole has a slot in it to allow the sash to be put in sideways so
that the sash can be moved through the window without difficulty. The action is
as follows:-
-
The window consists of the ordinary sashes and their weights and cords and
ordinary window fastener as I have before stated. The front sash is slightly lifted
and may be pulled over to any angle as well as the top sash. This is accomplished
easily on account of the curved or hollow surfaces and round before mentioned.
A slight pressure pushes the strip back against the springs and the springs serve
the purpose of holding the sashes at any angle desired. When either of the sasheś
are set to any angle they may be safely slid up and down without any tendency to
get higher on either side on account of the dovetail pieces I have before explained
and thus ordinary window sashes may be easily converted into the sliding sashes'
which work with great ease and certainty.
Dated this 29th day of August 1894.
GEORGE
BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Window Sashes and Frames.
1, EDMUND GEORGE KENDALL, of 53 High Street, Harborne, in the County of
Stafford Architect, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention' and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained-
in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is improvements in window sashes and frames and

page_text: consists of a device for combining the actions by cords, pulleys and weights, which
will admit of the sashes being reversible, for the purpose of cleaning and repairing,
from the inside of the house dispensing with ladder or other means now in use and
which can be applied to any window sashes, and is constructed in the following
manner.
Each stile or vertical piece of the upper and lower sash frames, is made with a
hollow in its side for the purpose of receiving a second upright piece with a vertical
dovetail on its back which fits into a corresponding dovetailed recess formed in the
window frame or this dovetail recess may be made in metal and attached to the
frame. The extra strip supplementing the side of the sash has a vertical swell
which fits into the hollow of the frame itself which thus establishing a tendency for
the front edge to always stand level with the sash itself. Behind the dovetail piece
I fit a spring or springs by preference flat ones for the purpose of always keeping
the dovetail strips against the sides of the dovetail grooves in the frame. At the
centre of the heighth of each sash I mount a pivot on each side for the purposes of
allowing the sash to turn. This pivot is formed by metal plates the end of the
pivot being formed with an enlargement to prevent the sash moving too far, but
allowing sufficient liberty for a certain amount of side movement. The pivot plate
which carries the whole has a slot in it to allow the sash to be put in sideways so
that the sash can be moved through the window without difficulty. The action is
as follows:-
The window consists of the ordinary sashes and their weights and cords and
ordinary window fasteners, as I have before stated. The front sash is slightly
lifted and may be pulled over to any angle as well as the top sash. This is easily
accomplished on account of the curved or hollow surfaces and round before
mentioned. A slight pressure pushes the strip back against the springs and the
springs serve the purpose of holding the sash at any angle desired. When either
of the sashes are set to any angle they may be safely slid up and down without any
tendency to get higher on either side on account of the dovetail pieces I have before
explained and thus ordinary window sashes may be easily converted into the sliding
sashes which work with great ease and certainty.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practise I have appended hereunto a double sized sheet of drawings upon
which I have fully illustrated the nature of my said improvements and in the
manner of carrying the same into effect.
Figure 1., is an interior elevation of one of my windows.
Figure 2., is an enlarged sectional plan through the frame showing one sash
closed and one open upon its pivot.
Figure 3., is a vertical section through the dovetail showing the spring C.
Figure 4., is a vertical section through the window showing the sashes open upon
their pivots.
Figure 5., is a similar vertical section to Figure 4 but showing the sashes opened
by sliding in the usual way.
Figure 6., is a part sectional plan similar to Figure 2 but showing a modification
by which my improvements may be applied to existing windows.
Figure 7., is also a part plan showing a modification in the dovetail groove.
Figure 8., shows a further modification of the groove.
In carrying this invention into effect each of the stiles of the top and bottom
sash A and A' are provided with the separate sliding piece B which is attached to
the same by the pivot F the joint between the two being formed of a section such
as shown at Figure 2 and as hereafter described. This separate sliding strip or
piece is provided on its rear side with dovetail b¹ which fits and slides in a dovetail
groove formed in the extra and removable pulley stile D. The sliding strip B is
provided upon its face with the swell which fits into the hollow a' formed upon
the side or edge of the stiles of the sashes so that when the two parts A and B are
pressed together they are to all intents and purposes at one this being effected by
the spring C which is provided at the back of the dovetail 6' being fixed to the

page_text: strips B and forcing it against the stile A which are attached to the strip B by the
pivots F and upon these pivots the sashes may be turned in any direction as shewn
by Figure 4. This pivot is formed by metal plates one on the sash having a
suitable stud or pivot piece F while the plate which is fixed upon the strip B is
provided with a slot to receive the stud or pivot F this pivot being preferably
arranged in the centre of the height of the sash so that when turned is in perfect
balance. The strips B are hung by lines w¹ and pullies in the ordinary way the
sashes being thus balanced in their sliding movement by the weight W. In the
case of existing windows I may groove out the ordinary pully stile as shown at e¹
Figure 6 and insert the dovetail groove & which is screwed in position, which thus
answers the purpose of receiving the strip B or 'in place of the dovetail I may have
a groove of the form shewn at d¹ Figure 7 or a plain groove J with plates H H'
may be formed as shewn by Figure 8. It will thus be readily seen that either the
top or bottom sashes may be raised or lowered in the usual way or they may be
turned in their pivot F to any angle whatsoever while the top sash may be drawn
to the bottom and there reversed on its pivot or the bottom sash to the top or the
two sashes may be brought together as shewn by dotted lines at Figure 5.
sashes are retained in any particular inclined position by the friction of the pieces B
which upon the turning of the sash compress the springs C by reason of the
projecting centre of the face 6 operating against the projecting sides of the
hollow.
The
While it would be possible to operate the sashes in this divided condition
according to my invention without either the dovetail or the hollow and round
i.e. if great care were taken I consider that the improvements in details of the
dovetail slide or its equivalent and the round and hollow or its equivalent are
absolutely necessary to success in practise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in window sashes and frames substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth and shewn upon the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In window frames capable of turning upon a pivot the particular construction
of the stiles A in two pieces A and B so that the ordinary conditions of lifting by
sash cords and weights are maintained in combination with the pivoting of either
one or both sashes.
Dated this 20th day of September 1894.
GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.