CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES AND THEIR CONTINGENT APPARATUS FOR THE PURPOSE OF SMELTING OF COPPER AND OTHER ORES, AND THE MAKING OF COPPER AND OTHER METALS
Year: 1815

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BEVAN, the younger, of Morriston, in the County of Glamorgan, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
in and by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twelfth day of July last, did give and grant unto
me, the said William Bevan, and to MARTIN BEVAN, of Risca, near Newport,
in the County of Monmouth, Gentleman, our exors, admors, and assigns, His
Majesty's especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we,
the said William Bevan and Martin Bevan, our exors, adñors, and assigns,
by ourselves and our deputies, servants or agents (or such others as we, our
exors, admors, or assigns shall agree with,) from time to time and at all times
hereafter, during the term of years therein expressed, shall and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF FURNACES AND THEIR CONTINGENT APPARATUS FOR THE
PURPOSE OF SMELTING OF COPPER AND OTHER ORES, AND THE MAKING OF COPPER
AND OTHER METALS," within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland called England, the Dominion of Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to us, the said William Bevan and
Martin Bevan, our exors, admors, or assigns, shall seem meet, and that we,
the said William Bevan and Martin Bevan, should enjoy the benefit and
advantage from time to time accruing and arising by reason of the said Inven-
tion for the term therein mentioned; to hold and enjoy the said licence, privi
leges, powers, and advantages therein-before granted unto us, the said William

page_text: Bevan and Martin Bevan, our exors, admors, and assigns, for and during the
term of fourteen years from the date of the now reciting Letters Patent, fully
to be complete and ended, according to the Statute in that case made and
provided; in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso that if
we, the said William Bevan and Martin Bevan, or one of us, should not par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or the hand and seal of one of us, and cause the same to be
inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that
then the said Letters Patent should become void.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Bevan, do hereby declare that the nature of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly ascer-
tained and set forth in the following description and the Drawings (I. & II.)
hereunto annexed, with the references thereto (that is to say):-
I do declare that as far as our Invention or improvements relate to the
smelting of copper ores and the metals produced therefrom in the several
processes of the same, and to which this our said Invention principally applies)
we do construct our furnaces as follows:-
In one part or plan of our said improvements (Drawing I.) we do connect
a furnace in which the ores or metal is calcined or roasted to a furnace in
which the same is melted down, making use of one grate or fireplace only (of
the ordinary dimensions used in copper works) to effectually heat and do the
work of the said two furnaces, and which is performed by our first passing
the heat or fire from the grate or fireplace into the furnace requiring the
melting or strongest degree of heat; and after it has performed its work in
this furnace we further convey it by or through a flue or flues into the other
furnace, and again apply it to the purpose of calcining or roasting the ores or
metal therein; then or finally we suffer it to escape and go off by a chimney
or stack placed or built at the end or on the corner of this second furnace.
And we do further construct or build two other furnaces in like manner,
which we connect to the chimney or stack before described, making this one
stack or chimney carry off the flame, smoke, and effluvia from the said four
furnaces.
In another part or plan of our improvements we do construct two furnaces,
having one grate or fireplace only, by which they are connected together
(either by being placed immediately between the both, as in the Drawing II.,
or by flues from the same, and from which they are both heated, the fire or

page_text: heat passing into each of them from the said grate or fireplace, and in which
two said furnaces the ores or metal is melted down, after which the fire or
heat is again passed by flues from the said two furnaces into two other fur-
naces connected to the same, and the work of calcination or roasting of the
ores or metal is again performed in these two latter furnaces before we suffer
the heat to escape or go off by the chimneys or stacks, one stack or chimney
being constructed at the end or on the corner of each of the two latter
furnaces to carry off the flame, effluvia, and so forth of the said four
furnaces.
And I, the said William Bevan, do further declare, that in the process
of the smelting of copper ores, and the metal produced therefrom, when
the melting of the ores or metal only is required, that we 'then omit the
connection of the two furnaces in which the calcination or roasting is per-
formed, and only connect the melting furnaces together by the grate or fire-
place built or constructed between them (or by flues from the same), and
from which they are both heated, as before described; the flame, effluvia,
and so forth in this latter part or plan immediately passing off through a
chimney or stack built at the end or on the corner of each of the said two
furnaces.
And I do further declare, that we do apply this latter part or plan of our
Invention or improvements in the construction of furnaces to the smelting and
manufacturing of other ores and metals besides copper ores and metals; also
for air furnaces used in iron founderies, and in the manufacture of bar iron,
such as pudling furnaces and balling furnaces.
And I do also declare that in these said several parts or plans of our said
Invention or improvements we do, in some of the processes of smelting copper
and other ores and metals, apply only a part of the same, or such part or parts
of the whole as we find it necessary to adopt.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bevan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifteen.
W BEVAN, Jun'. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named William Bevan, in the
presence of
J. JENKINS,
Att-at-Law, Swansea, Glamorganshire.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on that on the Twenty-ninth day of
September, in the year of our Lord 1815, the aforesaid William Bevan, the
younger, came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained
and specified, in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was
stampt according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the First day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifteen.

page_text: two Melting Furnaces.
two Calcining or Roasting Furnaces.
the Grates or Fire Places
the Bridges of the Grutes or Fire Places over
which the Fire or Heat first pusses into the
Furnaces.
the Chimney or Stack
the Flues through which the Fire or Heat is
passed from one Furnace into the other
Tup Holes to .Melting Furnaces.
Freding Holes to Fire Places.
Doors to Furnaces
K. Dotted Lines in Elevation shews the Bottom
of the Calcining or Roasting Furnaces. ____
Arched, Cellars to receive the Calcined Ores
or Metals..
M. Bottom of Melting Furnaces.
Shews the course of the Head or Flame from)
the Fire Places to the Stack.......
A Damper of Iron to be applied in the
Flue to regulate the draft.

page_text: •
AA&B.B. the same as.N.1.
C. the Grate or Fire-place
D.D. the Bridges of the Grate or Fire Places
described as in N1..
E.E. the Chimneys or Stacks
FF. & G.G. described as in N.1
H. Feeding to Fire Place
11. described as in N.1.
K.K. Charging Doors to Melting Furnaces
L.L. Bottom of Calcining Furnaces &c as
described by K.K. in N.1.
M.M. described as in N1.
N.N. Arched Cellars as described in N.1.
**Course of the Heat, as described in N.1.
0. A Damper as described in N.1 by N.N.