IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FLUTING ROLLERS USED FOR PREPARING, SPINNING, AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Lord and William Lord, of the Firm of
James and William Lord and Sons, of "Rose Hill Iron Works,"
Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FLUTING ROLLERS USED FOR PREPARING, SPINNING,
AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 19th June 1868, and dated the 24th December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Lord and William
Lord at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Peti-
tion, on the 24th December 1862.
We, JAMES LORD and WILLIAM LORD, of the Firm of James and William
Lord and Sons, of "Rose Hill Iron Works," Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FLUTING ROLLERS USED FOR PREPARING, SPINNING,
AND DOUBLING FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements have for their object the fluting of rollers according to
the Invention for which Letters Patent were granted to William Weild,
numbered 2139, and dated the Twentieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, that is the making of
the flutes at an inclination to the axis of the roller and reversing their
inclination on adjacent bosses, and our Invention relates to improvements
upon the mechanism described in the Specification of the said Patent, for
forming the said fluted rollers by a modification of the ordinary machinery
for cutting straight flutes parallel to the axis of the rollers by a planing
process, and our Invention consists in an improved combination and arrange-
ment of mechanism, namely, the rollers to be fluted are secured on the

page_text: table and geered together in the same manner as for cutting straight flutes,
but instead of one ratchet two ratchet wheels with their teeth reversed
are placed on the axis of one of the wheels, by which the rollers are geered
together; by means of these ratchet wheels oscillatory motion is given to the
rollers so as to give (in combination with the rectilinear movement of the
table,) the required flutes of reversed inclinations. The ratchet wheels are
acted upon by hook pawls which are carried and jointed on a stud or studs
fixed in a horizontal bar placed across and above the table, and arranged so as
to be carried and slide freely in bearings formed by two stands one fixed on
each side of the table. The end reciprocating movements of the said
horizontal bar are given by a vertical bar placed in a guide secured to one
side of the table so as to slide freely up and down. A pin fixed in the end
of the horizontal bar fits into an oblique slot in the upper end of the
vertical bar, and thus the vertical movements of the latter, give .horizontal
movements to the former. At the lower end of the vertical bar two parts
are hinged so as to be moveable in one direction, but rigid in the other direc-
tion, and the rigidity of the one is in the opposite direction to that of the
other. These hinged parts rest upon a double cam path or shaper, which is
secured to the side of the bed in a horizontal position, and is as long as the
traverse of the table when making the cut; one of these shapers is formed and
arranged to give the oscillatory movements, which are required by the rollers
when making the cut, the other shaper is for giving the movement when the
table is moving back for turning the rollers for the next flute to be cut. One
of the hinged parts at the lower end of the vertical bar acts upon it while
the cut is taking place; and the other is passive, and vice versa, when the
back movements of the table is taking place. The up strokes of the vertical
bar are made by the action of the double cam path or shaper, its down strokes
by gravity of the vertical bar, and the assistance of a powerful spring acting
upon the horizontal bar. One of the hooked pawls is lifted so that the rollers
can be advanced for the next flute to be cut by a horizontal cam or shaper,
also secured to the side of the bed which acts upon a vertical rod arranged
to slide freely up and down in a guide secured to the table. This rod is con-
nected with a shaft or lever carried by the uprights or stands fixed upon the.
table, and by an arm or projection comes in contact with one of the pawls so
as to lift and let it pass over a tooth of its ratchet when the movement is
given for that purpose by the cam path acting upon the vertical bar during
the return stroke of the table. The vertical rod has a part hinged to its
lower end so that it is only operated upon by the return stroke of the table.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Lord and William Lord in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th June 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
LORD and WILLIAM LORD of the Firm of James and William Lord and
Sons of "Rose Hill Iron Works," Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Lord and William Lord, Her special license, that we, the
said James Lord and William Lord, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said James Lord and William Lord,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR FLUTING ROLLERS USED FOR PREPARING, SPINNING AND DOUBLING FIBROUS
MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James
Lord and William Lord; by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, (or under the hand and seal of one of us,) should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner tho
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Lord and William Lord,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (and accompanying Drawings) that is to say :-
Our improvements have for their object the fluting of rollers according to
the Invention for which Letters Patent were granted to William Weild,
numbered 2139, and dated the Twentieth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, that is, the making of the
flutes at an inclination to the axis of the roller, and reversing their inclination
on adjacent bosses; and our Invention relates to improvements upon the
mechanism described in the Specification of the said Patent for forming the

page_text: said fluted rollers by a modification of the ordinary machinery for cutting
straight flutes parallel to the axis of the roller by a planing process.
Our Invention consists in an improved combination and arrangement of
mechanism, which we shall explain by means of the Figures on the accom-
panying Drawings.
Fig. 1 is an elevation at the front of the machine; Fig. 2, an elevation
of one side of the machine; Fig. 3, part of an elevation of the other side of
the machine, showing the manner of giving movement for lifting the pawls
for turning the rollers after a cut has been made; Fig. 4 is a detached view,
showing arrangement of mechanism for giving motion to the rollers; and
Fig. 5 is a. detached. plan view explaining the mechanism for lifting: the
pawls. when the rollers. have to be advanced. The ordinary parts of the
machine as shewn in the Drawings.are as follows:-
.A, feet; A¹, bed. of machine; A³, the uprights carrying the cross slide A³,
upon which the tool holders A' are placed, and B is the table. The rollers
to be fluted are secured upon the table in the ordinary manner as when
making straight flutes. Each roller (a) is. connected to a short shaft æ!,
upon which the ratchet wheels are fixed for giving motion to the rollers, one
end of each short shaft (a) is formed into a cone centre, and enters, a hollow
cone centre screw a to prevent.end play, and make the rollers more easy to
turn. Instead of one ratchet wheel as for straight flutes, two are placed
upon each short shaft (a) with their teeth, reversed in relation to each other,
and by means of these ratchet wheels and a, oscillatory motion is given to
the rollers so as to produce in combination with the rectilinear movement of
the table the required flutes of reversed inclinations. The ratchet wheels are
each acted upon by a hook pawl (see Fig. 4) so that one pawl (d¹) will
turn the roller one way, and the other pawl (d) in the opposite direction,
one of the pawls (d') for each roller is made.so that the hook part can be
slided in and out of a socket formed in the joint. part by means of an ad-
justing screw d³ (as shewn), by this means the amount of play between the
pawls in the teeth of the ratchets upon each roller may. be regulated. These
pawls are jointed upon studs fixed in a horizontal bar (a) placed across and
above the table, and this bar: (a) is arranged so. as to be carried by and to
slide freely in bearings formed by two stands (a) one fixed on each side of the
table, End reciprocating movements are given to the horizontal bar (a) by
a vertical bar (6) placed in a guide (61) secured to one side of the table so as
to slide freely up and down. A pin (a) is fixed in the end of the horizontal
bar (a) which fits into. an obliqne slot (62) formed in the upper end of the
vertical bar (6), and thus the vertical movements of the latter give horizontal
•

page_text: movements to the former. At the lower end of the vertical bar (b) two parts
are hinged so as to be moveable in one direction, and rigid in the other direc-
tion, and the rigidity of the one is in the opposite direction to that of the other.
These hinged parts (*) and (b) are acted upon by two cam paths or shapers,
one can path (65) is secured to a bracket. (A') from the side of the bed:(A!)
in a horizontal position, so as to be adjustable, and is made as long as the
traverse of the table B when making the cut, and it is shaped and arranged to
give the oscillatory movements.required by the rollers: when making the cut.
The other cam path (66) is for giving a movement when the tablé (B) is
going back to turn the rollers for the next flute to be cut, and this cam
path (66) is secured by means of T-headed bolts entering into a slot (67)
formed lengthway in the bracket: (A) fixed to the side of the bed. One end
of the cam path (6) is slotted in a vertical direction:so that that end may be
raised or lowered to adjust the extent of the feeding movement. When the
cut is taking place the hinged part.63 is rigid, and .gives movements to the
vertical bar (6), the other. hinged part. b is passive because it is hinged so ås
to turn in the opposite direction; and does not affect the movements of the
vertical bar (6), but when the back movement takes place the hinged part 6³ is
passive, and hinged part 6 is active or rigid; and gives movement to the vertical
bar (6) to turn the rollers for the next flute to be cut. The cam paths 65 and
bare, only active or positive in making the up strokes of the vertical bar (6)
the down strokes are made by the gravity of the vertical bar (6) and the
assistance of a sufficiently powerful spring (c) acting upon the horizontal bar;
this spring is of the helical form, and is placed round the end of the bar (a)
in the case (c) extending from one of the standards (a) secured to the
table (B). For the purpose of turning the rollers for the next flute to be cut,
or what is the same thing, changing the pawls to the next position on their
several ratchets, one of the pawls (a³) for each roller is lifted during the time
the table is going back, and these pawls (a²) are kept from their ratchets
till the vertical bar (6) has made its down stroke when the table is going
back, by this means the pawls (a) that are lifted will pass their ratchets with-
out acting upon them, and those pawls (a¹) which are not lifted, will lift
themselves over the teeth of their respective ratchets, and consequently both
sets of pawls will have taken hold of the next tooth on their respective ratchets.
Of course the rollers may be moved one or more teeth of the ratchets as
required according to the extent of movement given to the horizontal bar (a)
and the space through which the pawls (a³) are held up, while the vertical
bar is descending. The movement for lifting the pawls (a) is obtained from
a cam path d fixed on the side of the bed (A'). as shewn in Figs. 1 and 3,

page_text: and this cam path acts upon a part e' hinged to the lower end of a vertical
rod (e) carried by and free to slide up and down in a guide (e³) secured to the
table (B). The upper end of the vertical rod is jointed with an arm (e³) fixed
on the end of a shaft (e) passing across the table, and carried by suitable
stands (e³) fixed in the table, and from this shaft there is a projecting arm
(e) for each pawl, one of which arms comes under a projection from each of
the pawls (a) to be lifted (see Fig. 5). The part e hinged to the bottom of
. the vertical rod (e) (see Fig. 8) is rigid when the table B is moving back
after the cut. Instead of rotating each roller. from the bar (a) separately, the
rollers may be geered together, and in this case two ratchets and two pawls
only will be required. The cutting tools are lifted clear of the rollers when
.the table is making its back movement in the ordinary manner.
We have now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the
mode of carrying the same into effect, and wish it to be understood that
we claim as our Invention the combination and arrangement of mechanism
herein-before described for giving the requisite movements to rollers to be
fluted in the manner and for the purpose herein-before explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Lord and William Lord have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Nineteenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JAMES LORD.
(L.B.)
WILLIAM LORD. (L.S.)