Improvements in Magazine Guns.
Year: 1897

page_text: Improvements in Magazine Guns.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of The Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved magazine gun,
and especially to provide an improved construction of gun of that class known as
recoil-operated guns, in which the energy developed by the recoil, when the gun
is fired, is utilised in retracting the breech bolt from the barrel to open the breech,
and performing the other operations of the gun required for a new discharge.
The invention is intended especially for use in shoulder arms, either rifles or show
guns, but it is applicable also to other classes of fire-arms and guns.
The present invention relates especially to a gun of the special class having
a longitudinally movable barrel, and employing in the breech movement a pair
of links connecting the breech bolt and barrel, so that the breech bolt moves with
the barrel during the recoil movement of the latter, while, on the return move-
ment of the barrel, the links are actuated to retract the breech bolt and open the
breech, the breech bolt being released and returned to position at the proper time
in the operation of the gun. The especial object of the invention is to provide
an improved gun having a breech movement of this class, and the invention
includes various features of construction and combination of parts in a gun of this
general organization, and certain features which are applicable also in other
classes of guns employing a different breech movement.
The barrel has an extension which virtually forms a part of the barrel, and a
reech bolt. The barrel is mounted, and moves, in a frame which receives als.
the stock. The frame is closed by a bottom plate, except where it is provided
with an opening, on the side, for the ejection of the shell, and an opening at the
bottom for the hand lever and the trigger. The magazine extends longitudinally
of the barrel, and is secured in a fixed position to the front end of the frame, and
the fore-arm is mounted to slide for loading the magazine.
The barrel extension is mortised vertically, or consists of a casing which encloses
the breech bolt, its operating parts, a carrier, and is a strong rectangular tube
fitting inside the frame, open at the bottom and ends, but closed otherwise,
except that it is provided with an opening on the side corresponding to the opening
in the frame, and through which the shell is ejected. The breech bolt is provided
with a flange at the top, which runs in grooves at opposite sides of the top of the
barrel extension, and by which the breech bolt is guided and held in position, the

page_text: breech bolt also being provided with side ribs entering corresponding grooves in
the barrel extension at opposite sides, these grooves being of sufficient depth to
accommodate, also, extractors, which are of the common spring-hook form, and
mounted opposite the ribs. The breech bolt also carries an éjector, which consists
of a plate pivoted in the breech bolt, so as to swing longitudinally of the gun,
and projecting below the breech bolt sufficiently to engage a stud on the barrel
extension when the breech bolt is fully withdrawn, the ejector thus being forced
forward, and the shell thrown out sidewise through the openings, in advance of
the insertion of the live cartridge.
The breech bolt is connected to the barrel extension by a pair of links pivotted
together, the forward end of the front link being pivotted to the breech bolt, and
the rear end of the rear link to the barrel extension, the latter being preferably
forked, or consisting of two side plates, between which the rear end of the front
link enters, and which also affords space for the movement of a central hammer.
Within the breech bolt is mounted the firing pin, which consists of a disc
carrying the pin at its forward side, and having a central slot by which the disc is
threaded upon a pivot, the latter thus limiting its movements in both directions.
The firing pin is engaged at its rear end, and actuated for firing-by a bar which
forms practically a part of the firing pin, but is separate therefrom, to allow the
front link to turn freely on its pivo:. For ease of assembling, and separating
the parts also, this bar is preferably made separate from the firing pin, & is
tapered rearward, and mounted in a tapering groove extending centrally through
the bottom of the front link.
The bar is engaged at its rear end by the hammer, which serves not only as
a hammer to actuate the firing pin, but also performs important functions
in the operation of the breech mechanism, the link and the bar being cut to
accommodate the front end of the hammer. The hammer carries a strong cross
pin which moves in straight horizontal grooves in opposite sides of the barrel
extension, so that it is guided and positively held to straight line movement
therein, and this pin passes through slots cut in the opposite side plates forming
the rear link, these slots having a horizontal portion, in which the pin lies in the
normal position of the gun, and an upwardly inclined portion, by movement in
which, the pin breaks down the links for retracting the breech bolt. The hammer
carries also, on its lower side, a cross pin which is engaged by projections on the
end of the hand lever, to open the breech by hand. At its rear end the hammer
is pivoted by a pin between two side plates which form a lever which is connected
by links at it lower end to the base of the barrel extension, and, between the
hammer and the link, this lever is pivotally connected by a pin to a tube slotted
to move and be guided upon a cross web of the frame, and upon the rod. The
lower end of this tube, within the stock, bears against a spring coiled upon the rod,
and held under tension, which may be adjusted by a nut, this spring being the
operating spring of the bucech mechanism, and by which the barrel is returned to
position, the breech bolt withdrawn to open the breech, and returned to close the
breech, all these operations being performed in the preferred construction shown,
by a single spring.
The lever carries a catch, which consists of a pin mounted in the two side plates
of the lever, and cut away so as to form an angular catch this catch connecting
with a sear which consists of a lever pivoted on the cross web before mentioned,
and pressed downward by a spring. This sear is preferably Zorked, and has two
hooks forming catches, and engaging a catch, of which the former hook holds the
hammer at cock, and the latter holds the lever during the return of the barrel,
actuate the hammer and rear link, to withdraw the breech bolt. An
adjustable stop is carried by the sear, and engages a shoulder on the web, to limit
the downward movement of the sear. The pin, which is mounted to rotate in
the plates of the lever, carries a rigid tail piece, or arm, which lies under the
rear part of the hammer, and forms the means by which the hammer trips the
pin to release it from the catch of the sear, and the pin has, at the opposite side
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page_text: of the tail piece, an arm, to which is pivotally connected a tripper, the lower end
of which normally rests upon or above the trigger, so that the tripper is raised
by the trigger when the latter is drawn back, the tripper being norinally drawn
downward, and the pin rocked rearward, by a spring connected to the tripper and
lever. The trigger is squared on its rear side, or cut away to form a shoulder,
so that the tripper may be returned to position behind said shoulder, in case the
trigger has not been released, and the pin thus be rocked, to hold the hammer at
cock. If a gun be desired in which all the cartridges in the magazine are dis-
charged at one pull of the trigger, the construction of the latter may be varied,
so as to hold the tripper raised on its return, thus preventing the holding of the
hammer at cock, and thus firing the gun as the hammer moves forward at the end
of the operation of the breech mechanism.
The carrier, which receives the cartridges from the magazine, and delivers them
in front of the breech bolt, for being carried by the latter into the barrel, consists
of two plates carried by levers pivoted to opposite sides of the barrel extension,
and having short arms extending below the pivots, and to which are pivoted
arms which preferably are formed of plates having their inner surfaces inclined
inward. The carrier is actuated by the engagement of these arms by a
projection on the lower side of the front link, as the latter returns to normal
position, this projection having side wings forming a stop for the cartridge as
it is forced back from the magazine on to the carrier. A spring pressed dog of
any suitable construction is used for holding the next cartridge in the magazine
as the carrier is actuated to raise a cartridge to the barrel, and until the return
of the breech bolt to normal position, the dog projecting through a notch
in the forward el of one plate, and being lowered to permit the next cartridge
to be forced onto the carrier by some part of the returning breech bolt, preferably
by the lower inclined end of the ejector striking a plate mounted to slide vertically
on the side of the barrel extension, and engaging a pin on the dog, so as to depress
the latter, the spring pressure upon the dog raising the plate when the breech
bolt is retracted, and the pressure of the ejector upon the plates being thus relieved.
The magazine is provided with an opening near its forward end, through which
it may be loaded, which is normally closed by the fore-stock, but, by sliding the
fore-stock forward, this opening is uncovered for loading.
The magazine provided with a follower, spring-pressed by a spring bearing
against the follower and the head of the magazine, and the follower carries an
arm which slides within a slot on the side of the magazine next the barrel, and
is engaged by a ring carried by the fore-stock, the fore-stock thus being hung
upon the magazine. The magazine is connected to the barrel so that the latter
may slide independently of the magazine by a tongue and grooved conection, and
the fore-stock encircles the magazine sufficiently, so that, with the ring, it is firmly
supported upon the latter. As the fore-stock is drawn forward, the follower is
carried forward with it, thus compressing the spring, and the fore-stock is held in
its rearward and forward positions by a roller catch carried by the head of the
magazine, and engaging depressions at the forward and rear ends of the fore-stock,
in the two extreme positions of the latter, or in any other convenient manner.
It will be understood that the invention may be applied to various constructions
gun, and that the form and arrangement of many of the parts shewn may be
varied widely.
of
The invention, therefore, is not to be limited to the exact construction described,
as many modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art, without
departing from the invention. It will be understood, also, that certain features
of the invention may be applied to guns not employing the link movement for
operating the breech mechanism.

page_text: Improvements in Magazine Guns.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Bldgs,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
_
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved magazine gun,
and especially to provide an improved construction of gun of that class known as
recoil-operated guns, in which the energy developed by the recoil, when the gun
is fired, is utilised in retracting the breech bolt from the barrel to open the breech,
and performing the other operations of the gun required for a new discharge.
The invention is intended especially for use in shoulder arms, either rifles or shot
guns, but it is applicable also to other classes of fire-arms and guns.
The present invention relates especially to a gun of the special class having
a longitudinally movable barrel, and employing, in the breech movement, a pair
of links connecting the breech bolt and barrel, so that the breech bolt moves with
the barrel during the recoil movement of the latter, while, on the return move-
ment of the barrel, the links are actuated to retract the breech bolt and open the
breech, the breech bolt being released and returned to position at the proper time
in the operation of the gun. The especial object of the invention is to provide
an improved gun having a breech movement of this class, and the invention
includes various features of construction and combination of parts in a gun of this
general organization, and certain features which are applicable also in other
classes of guns employing a different breech movement.
For a full understanding of the invention, a detailed description of a construc-
tion embodying all the features of the present invention, as applied in their
preferred form to a shoulder arm, will now be given in connection with the
accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and the features
forming the invention will then be specifically pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings,-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, on the line 1-1 of Figures 6 and 7, shewing
the complete gun, with the barrel partially broken away, the parts being in
position for firing, with the hammer cocked.
Figure 2 is longitudinal central section, on a larger scale, of the breech portion
of the gun, it being shown as just discharged.
Figure 3 is a similar view, shewing the parts in the position they occupy after
the recoil, with the barrel in its rearward position.
Figure 4 is a similar view, shewing the barrel returning to its normal position,
and the breech-bolt fully withdrawn, and about to be returned to position to
close the breech.
Figure 5 is a similar view, showing the breech bolt partially returned, with a
live cartridge inserted by the carrier.
Figures 6 and 7 are horizontal sections on respectively the lines 6 and 7 of
Figure 2.
Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11 are cross sections on respectively the lines 8, 9, 10,
and 11, of Figure 2.
Figure 12 is a detail of the magazine, shewing the method of loading.
Figures 13, 14, and 15, are cross sections of the barrel and magazine on
respectively the lines 13, 14, and 15, of Figure 1.
Figure 16 is an enlarged detail of the catch for holding the magazine in normal
position.
Figure 17 is a side view of the casing which encloses the breech mechanism.

page_text: Referring to said drawings, A is the barrel, B the barrel extension, which
virtually forms a part of the barrel and is formed integral therewith, or rigidly
secured thereto, the barrel being shewn as screwed into the barrel extension, and C
is the breech bolt. The barrel and barrel extension move in the frame D, which,
in the preferred form shewn, consists of a single piece in which the barrel and
magazine are mounted at one end, and receiving the stock E at the opposite end,
the stock entering between top and bottom plates forming rearward extensions
or tangs of the frame, and being secured thereto by a rod 10 connected to a central
cross plate 11 of the frame, and passing through the butt end of the stock, where
the stock is drawn up tight, and secured by a nut 12 on the rod 10. The frame D
is entirely closed by a bottom plate D¹, except at its opposite ends, and where it is
provided with an opening 13 on the side, for the ejection of the shell, and an
opening at the bottom for the hand lever and trigger, the gun shown being of
that class known as "hammerless" guns. While this enclosed hammer construc-
tion is preferred, however, and a part of the invention consists in such a con-
struction, having a recoil operated breech movement, it will be understood that
this is not essential, and that the invention, considered broadly, may be embodied
in other constructions, and the form of the frame be varied. Under the barrel A
is the magazine F, extending longitudinally of the barrel, and secured in a fixed
position to the front end of the frame D G is the fore-arm, which is mounted to
slide for loading the magazine, as will be explained hereafter; H is the carrier,
and I the hand lever.
Considering now the construction of the gun in detail, the barrel extension B
is mortised vertically, or consists of a casing which encloses the breech bolt, its
operating parts, and the carrier, and, in the preferred construction shewn, is a
strong rectangular tube fitting inside the frame D, open at the bottom and ends,
but closed otherwise, except that it is provided with an opening 14 on the side
corresponding to the opening 13 in the frame 1), and through which the shell is
ejected. The breech bolt C is provided with a flange 15 at the top, which runs
in grooves 16 at opposite sides of the top of the barrel extension B, and by which
the breech bolt is guided and held in position, the breech bolt also being provided
with side ribs 17 entering corresponding grooves 18 in the barrel extension B
at opposite sides, these grooves 18 being of sufficient depth to accommodate also
the extractors a, which are of the common spring hook form, and mounted opposite
the ribs 17. The breech bolt also carries an ejector b, which consists of a plate
pivoted in the breech bolt, so as to swing longitudinally of the gun, and projecting
below the breech bolt sufficiently to engage a stud 19 on the barrel extension,
when the breech bolt is fully withdrawn, the ejector thus being forced forward,
and the shell thrown out sidewise through the openings 13, 14, in advance of the
insertion of the live cartridge.
The breech bolt C is connected to the barrel extension B by a pair of links K, L,
pivotted together by pivot 21, the forward end of the front link K being pivotted
to the breech bolt by the pivot 20, and the rear end of the rear link L to the
barrel extension by pivot 22, the link L being preferably forked, or, as shewn,
consisting of two side-plates, between which the rear end of the link K enters,
and which also affords space for the movement of a central hammer.
Within the breech bolt C is mounted the firing pin c which, as shewn, consists
of a disc carrying the pin at its forward side, and having a central slot by which
the disc is threaded upon a pivot 20, the latter thus limiting its movements in
both directions. The firing pin c is engaged at its rear end, and actuated for
firing by a bar d, which forms practically a part of the firing pin, but is separate
therefrom, to allow the front link to turn freely on its pivot 20. For ease of
assembling and separating the parts, also, this bar is preferably thus made separate
from the firing pin c, and is of the form shown, tapering rearward, and mounted
in a tapering groove extending centrally through the bottom of the link K. The
bar d is thus held from rearward movement by its form, and that of the groove
in the link K, being supported in the link by a projection below the groove, as

page_text: presently to be described, and the bar d may readily be withdrawn from the
forward end of the link K, when the latter is detached."
The bar d is engaged at its rear end by the hammer e, which serves not only as
a hammer, to actuate the firing pin, but also performs important functions in the
operations of the breech mechanism, the link K and the bar d being cut away
at 51 to accommodate the front end of the hammer e in the position shewn in
Figure 4. The hammer e carries a strong cross, pin 23, which moves in straight
horizontal grooves 50 in opposite sides of the barrel extension B, so that it is
guided and positively held to straight line movement therein, and this pin passes
through slots 24 cut in the opposite side plates forming the rear link L, these
slots having a horizontal portion in which the pin 23 lies in the normal position
of the gun, and an upwardly inclined portion, by movement in which, the pin 23
breaks down the links for retracting the breech bolt. The hammer e carries also,
on its lower side, a cross pin 25, which is engaged by projections on the end of the
hand lever. I, to open the breech by hand. At its rear end, the hammer e is
pivotted by a pin 26 between two side plates which form a lever f, which is con-
nected by links 27, at its lower end, to the base of the barrel extension B, and
between the hammer e and the link 27, the lever is pivotally connected by a
pin 28 to a tube g slotted to move and be guided upon a cross web 11 of the
frame D, and upon the rod 10. The lower end of the tube y within the stock E,
bears against a spring 29 coiled upon the rod 10, the pressure of which may be
adjusted by a nut 30, this spring being the operating spring of the breech
mechanism, and by which the barrel is returned to position, the breech bolt
withdrawn to open the breech and returned to close the breech, all these opera-
tions being performed, in the preferred construction shewn, by a single spring.
The lever carries a catch h, which, as shewn, consists of a pin mounted in
the two side plates of the lever, and cut away so as to form an angular catch, this
catch connecting with a sear which consists of a lever i pivoted on the cross
web 11, and spring pressed downward by spring 31, this sear preferably being
forked, as shewn, and having two hooks, 1, 2, forming catches, and engaging
the catch, of which the former hook, 1, holds the hammer at cock, as shown in
Figure, and the latter. 2, holds the lever f during the return of the barrel,
as shewn in Figure 3, so as to actuate the hammer and link I, to with-
draw the breech bolt. An adjustable stop 32 is carried by the sear, and
engages a shoulder on the web 11 to limit the downward movement of the sear.
The pin, which is mounted to rotate in the plates of the lever f, carries a rigid
tail piece or arm 3, which lies under the rear part of the hammer e, and forms the
means by which the hammer trips the pin h, to release it from the catch 2 of the
seari, and the pin has, at the opposite side of the tail piece 3, an arm 4, to which
is pivotally connected a tripper k, the lower end of which normally rests upon or
above the trigger 7, so that the tripper is raised by the trigger, when the latter is
drawn back, the tripper being normally drawn downward, and the pin / rocked
rearward, by a spring 5 connected to the tripper and lever f. The trigger / is
squared on its rear side, or cut away, to form a shoulder, so that the tripper may
be returned to position behind said shoulder, in case the trigger has not been
released, and the pin thus be rocked, to hold the hammer at cock. If a gun be
desired in which all the cartridges in the magazine are discharged at one pull of
une trigger, the construction of the latter may be varied so as to hold the tripper
raised on its return, thus preventing the holding of the hammer at cock, and thus
firing the gun as the hammer moves forward at the end of the operation of the
breech mechanism.
The carrier, which receives the cartridges from the magazine, and delivers them
in front of the breech bolt, for being carried by the latter into the barrel, consists
of two plates, m, m³, carried by levers 33 pivotted to opposite sides of the barrel
extension B, and having short arms, 6, extending below the pivots, and to which
are pivotted arms, 34, which, as shewn in Figure 7, preferably are formed of plates
having their inner surfaces inclined, inward. The carrier is actuated by the

page_text: engagement of these arms 34 by a projection 36 on the lower side of the front
link K, as the latter returns to normal position, this projection having side wings 37
forming a stop for the cartridge, as it is forced back from the magazine onto the
carrier. A spring pressed dog, n, of any suitable construction, is used for holding
the next cartridge in the magazine as the carrier is actuated. to raise a cartridge
to the barrel, and until the return of the breech bolt to normal position, the dog
projecting through a notch in the forward end of plate m, and being lowered to
permit the next cartridge to be forced out onto the carrier by some part of the
returning breech bolt, preferably by the lower inclined end of the ejector b, shewn
in Figure 1, striking a plate 58 mounted to slide vertically on the side of the barrel
extension, and engaging a pin 39 on the dog n, so as to depress the latter, the
spring pressure upon the dog raising the plate when the breech bolt is retracted,
and the pressure of the ejector b upon the plates 38 thus relieved.
The magazine F is provided with an opening near its forward end, through
which, it may be loaded, which is normally closed by the fore-stock G, but, by
sliding the fore-stock forward, this opening is uncovered for loading, as shewn in
Figure 12, in which the magazine is shewn as having just been loaded.
construction of the magazine and its connections with the barrel and fore-stock
is as follows:
The
The magazine is provided with a follower o, spring-pressed by a spring 40
bearing against the follower and the head 41 of the magazine, and the follower o
carries an arm 7, which slides within a slot on the side of the magazine next the
barrel, and is engaged by a ring S carried by the forc-stock G, the fore-stock thus
being hung upon the magazine. The magazine is connected to the barrel, so that
the latter may slide independently of the magazine, by a tongue and groove
connection 42, as shewn in Figure 15, and the fore-stock encircles the magazine
sufficiently, so that, with the ring 8, it is firmly supported upon the latter, and held,
as shewn in Figures 13 to 15, this fore-stock preferably partially embracing the
barrel, as usual in such constructions. As the fore-stock is drawn forward, as
shewn in Figure 12, the follower o is carried forward with it, thus compressing the
spring 40, and the fore-stock is held in its rearward and foreward positions by a
roller catch 9, carried by the head 41 of the magazine, and engaging depressions
at the forward and rear ends of the fore-stock in the two extreme positions of the
latter. This catch may possibly be omitted, however, and the fore-stock held by
friction, but a catch of some form is desirable.
The operation of the gun will now be described:-
Assuming that the parts are in the position shewn in Figure 2, the gun just
having been discharged, the recoil carries the barrel A and barrel extension B
rearward together, to the limit of the recoil movement of the barrel, the breech
bolt moving with the barrel and barrel extension, this movement of the barrel and
barrels extension forcing the lever f backward by the engagement of the rear end
of the breech piece with the lever at the top, and the connecting link 27 between
the lower end of the lever and barrel extension, the lever f thus being carried
rearward bodily, and compressing the spring 29 by the tube g, which moves back
with the lever. The lever f is thus carried back sufficiently, so that the rear
hook 2 on the spring-pressed sear i lies forward of the catch, and is pressed down
so as to catch the latter, and hold this portion of the lever against. forward move-
ment. During this movement, the links K, L, are held in normal position,. and
the breech-bolt locked to the barrel, so that the barrel extension receives the full
force of the recoil, and the escape of gases at the breech is prevented, by the pin 28
moving in the grooves 50 and the straight portion of the slot 24. As the breech
bolt moves back, the pressure of the ejector 6 upon the plate 38 is relieved, and the
dog n left free to spring upward, and stop the next cartridge in the magazine when
the cartridge to be loaded is carried upward by the carrier. The parts are all now
in the position shown in Figure 3.
The force of the recoiling expended, and the barrel being free to return, the
movement by the catch h and hook 2 on the sear i, the lever f is operated as

page_text: a lever with its fulcrum at the pivot of the catch h, and its lower end thrown
forward, and its upper end rearward, as the tube y returns to normal position. By
this action, the lower end of the lever f actuates the barrel extension through the
link 27, so as to return the barrel to normal position, and thus throw backward
the upper end of the lever f, and draw back the hammer e connected thereto. The 5
pin 23 travels in the straight portion of the slot 24 for a short distance during this
movement, and then enters the inclined portion of the slot 24, and breaks down the
links K, L, and the link L then is actuated as a lever, with its fulcrum at 22, and
the power applied by the pin 23, and, through the link K connecting the other end
of this lever to the breech bolt, draws the latter backward, to fully open the breech, 1
as the barrel reaches its normal position. As the link K moves downward and
backward, the wings 37 of the projection 36 pass between the arms 34, and the
projection 36 moves into position to engage the rear end of these arms during its
return movement, and thus actuate the carrier. Just as the breech bolt is fully
withdrawn and the barrel fully returned to position, so that the breech is fully
open, the ejector b strikes lug 19, and thus rocks the ejector forward, so as to throw
the empty shell outward at the side of the gun, through the openings 13, 14.
the termination of this movement, also, the under surface of the hammer e, acting
upon the tail-piece 3 of the catch h, carries the tail-piece downward, so as to rock
the catch and release it from the hook 2 on the sear so that the lever f,
hammer e links K, L, and the breech bolt C are free to be returned to normal
position by the spring 29, the tension of which is not entirely exhausted by the
return of the barrel. All the parts are now in the position shown in full lines in
Figure 4.
At
A cartridge being now fully within the carrier, and ready to be transferred to
the barrel, and the dog n stopping the next cartridge, the parts now return to
normal position, the first part of the movement being shewn in Figure 5, the lever /
being rocked forward by the spring 29 on the pivot, by which it is connected to
the link 27, and thus carrying the hammer e forward, to move the link L forward
and upward by the pin 23, so as to open the links again, and thus move the breech-
bolt forward, and as the projection 36 reaches the ends of the arms 34, it strikes
them, and moves them forward, which movement, as they are pivotted upon the
short arms 6 of the levers 33, throws the arms 34 and the short arms 6 downward,
and thus throws the carrier plates m m¹ upward from the position shewn in
Figure 4, to that shewn in Figure 5, the parts being so timed that the cartridge
is brought in front of the breech bolt, just in time to be transferred by the latter
to the barrel. The movement of the parts then being continued from the position
shewn in Figure 5, the pin 23, as it moves forward in the slot 24 on the rear link L,
opens the links to their normal position, and thus closes the breech, the carrier
being thrown down to normal position by the projection 36 on wings 37 striking
the plate m, the ejector also actuating the plate 38, to depress the dog n, and
allow the next cartridge to move back onto the carrier, when the latter is lowered.
The hammer e has now been moved forward, so as to release the tail piece 3 of the
catch h, and the catch his rocked rearward by the spring 5 connected to the
tripper, k, so as to carry it into position to engage the hook 1 of the sear i, and hold
the hammer e at cock. Thus, all the parts are returned to the position shewn in
Figure 1, with the hammer cocked, the lever f and hammer being slightly with-
drawn, so that the hook 1 is over catch h, and holds the lever against the tension
of spring 29, and the tripper & above the trigger 7.
If now the trigger be pulled, its top surface strikes the tripper k, raising the
latter, and thus rocks the catch h forward, so as to release it from the hook 1 on
the sear i, and thus release the lever f, which is then forced forward by the
spring 29, into the position shewn in Figure 2, the hammer e thus being carried
forward, so as to force the bar against the rear side of the firing pin c, and fire
the gun, and the operation previously described is then repeated.
If the trigger has not been released, being held back against the tension of its
spring, the tripper k, in its forward movement, comes against the shoulder at the

page_text: top of the trigger, and the gun cannot be fired again until the trigger has been
released, so as to be returned to its place below the tripper:
If the hammer is to be uncorked, this is accomplished by throwing the hand
lever I, so that its upper end, by engagement with the pin 25, holds the hammer
back against the pressure of spring 29, then pulling the trigger, and allowing the
hammer to move forward against the pressure on the hand lever I
When there is no cartridge in the barrel, and a cartridge is to be transferred
thereto by hand, the hand lever I is moved forward into the position shewn in
dotted lines in Figure 4, and the upper end, striking the pin 25, carries back the
hammer e and lever f, against the pressure of spring 29 on the tube g, the lever f
thus swinging upon the pivot by which it is connected to the link 27. As the
breech bolt is fully withdrawn, as shewn in Figure 4, the end of the lever I, which
is preferably cut away, as shewn, passes under the pin 25, and holds the breech
bolt in its rear position, until the hand lever is returned to position, and, upon the
return movement of the hand lever, the action is the same as already described
in connection with the latter part of the automatic movement.
This return,
however, may be controlled by the hand acting on the hand lever I.
When the magazine is to be loaded, it is necessary only to slide the fore-stock G
from the position shewn in Figure 1, to that shown in Figure 12,
which will carry the follower o forward against the pressure of spring 40,
and the fore-stock will be held in this forward position by the roller
catch 9. The cartridges are then loaded through the opening on the
under side of the forward end of the magazine, as shewn, being successively
passed backward into the magazine, and, upon the return of the fore-stock G after
loading, the spring-pressed follower o is released, and allowed to resume its normal
position, and pressure upon the cartridges.
It will be understood that the invention may be applied to guns of other general
construction than that shewn, and that the form and arrangement of many of the
parts shewn may be varied widely. The invention, therefore, is not to be limited
to the exact construction shewn, as many modifications may be made therein by
those skilled in the art, without departing from the invention It will be under-
stood, also, that certain features of the invention may be applied to guns of other
general constructions than that shewn, and not employing the link movement for
operating the breech mechanism, and are thus claimed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me from abroad, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member engaging
the rear link, and mechanism for actuating said member, to swing the rear link
on its barrel pivot, to withdraw the breech bolt and open the breech, and for
returning the barrel and breech-bolt to normal position, substantially as
described.
2. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member engaging
the rear link, and mechanism for returning the barrel to position, after recoil, and
actuating said member, to swing the rear link on its barrel pivot during the return
movement of the barrel, to withdraw the breech bolt, and open the breech
substantially as described.
3. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the
recoil, by a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for
returning the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link,
connections between said member and barrel, whereby said member is actuated
by the returning barrel to swing the rear link on its harrel pivot, to withdraw the
breech bolt and open the breech, and means for returning the breech bolt to
normal position, substantially as described.

page_text: 4. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link, a catch, and
connections between said catch and member, means co-acting with said catch
to move the member, whereby the link is actuated to withdraw the breech bolt
and open the breech, and means for tripping said catch, and returning the breech-
bolt to normal position, substantially as described.
5. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link, a lever con-
nected to said member, and means for rocking said lever, whereby the rear link
is actuated to withdraw the breech bolt and open the breech, substantially as
described.
6. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link between its
pivots, means for moving said member rearward by the return movement of the
barrel, whereby said link is actuated to withdraw the breech bolt and open the
breech, and means for returning the breech bolt to normal position, substantially
as described.
7. The combination with a longitudinally movable harrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to position, a member engaging the rear link between its pivots,
a lever connected to said member, and means for rocking said lever, to move the
imember in opposite directions, whereby the rear link is actuated during the return
movement of the barrel, to withdraw the breech bolt and open the breech, and to
return the breech bolt to normal position, substantially as described.
8. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to position after recoil, a member engaging the rear link between its
pivots, a lever connected to said member, a catch holding said lever during the
return movement of the barrel, and tripped for the return of the breech-bolt, and
means for rocking said lever, to move the member in opposite directions, whereby
the rear link is actuated during the return movement of the barrel, to withdraw
the breech bolt and open the breech, and to return the breech-bolt to normal
position, substantially as described.
9 The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member engaging
the rear link between its pivots, a lever connected at different points to the member
and barrel, a pressure device connected to said lever, and a catch forming a fulcrum
for the lever during the return of the barrel, and tripped for the return of the
breech bolt, substantially as described.
10. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member having
a pin and slot connection to the rear link between the pivots, a lever connected at
different points to the member and barrel, a pressure device connected to said lever,
and a catch forming a fulcrum for the lever during the return of the barrel, and
tripped for the return of the breech bolt, substantially as described.
11. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member having
a pin and slot connection to the rear link between the pivots and forming a
hammer, a lever connected at different points to the member and barrel, a pressure
device connected to said lever, a catch forming a fulcrum for the lever during
the return of the barrel, and tripped for the return of the breech bolt, a sear
engaging the lever for holding the hammer at cock, a firing pin, and a trigger
and connections for releasing said sear, substantially as described.

page_text: 12. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member having
a pin and slot connection with the rear link, and forming a hammer, a lever
connected at different points to the member and barrel, a pressure device connected
to said lever, a catch on said lever; forming a fulcrum for the lever, a sear having
two hooks engaging the catch, one to hold it during the return of the barrel, and
the other to hold the hammer cocked, means for tripping the catch for the return
of the breech bolt, a firing pin, and a trigger and connections for tripping the
catch for firing the gun, substantially as described.
13. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member having
a pin and slot connection with the rear link and forming a hammer, a lever
connected at different points to the member and barrel, a pressure device connected
to said lever, a catch mounted to rotate on said lever, a sear having two hooks
engaging the catch, one to hold it during the return of the barrel, and the other to
hold the hammer cocked, a trip on the catch, tripped by the hammer for the return of
the breech bolt, a tripper connected to an arm on the catch, a trigger engaging
the tripper, and a firing pin, substantially as described.
14. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a member engaging
the rear link between its pivots, a lever connected at one end to said member, and
at the opposite end having a link connection to the barrel, a pressure device con-
nected to the lever between the member and barrel connections, and a catch
forming a fulcrum for the lever between the member and pressure device, during
the return of the barrel, and tripped for the return of the breech bolt, substantially
as described.
15. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to normal position after recoil, a member having a pin and slot con-
nection with the rear link between its pivots and devices whereby said member
is retracted during the return movement of the barrel, to withdraw the breech
bolt, and then returned to move the breech bolt to normal position, substantially
as described.
16. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to normal position after recoil, a member movable longitudinally of the
barrel, and having a pin moving in grooves in the breech piece, and an inclined
slot in the rear link, said slot having a portion parallel with the grooves for
locking the links, and an inclined portion for actuating the rear link, to with-
draw and return the breech bolt, and devices whereby said member is retracted
during the return of the barrel, to withdraw the breech bolt, and then returned,
to move the breech bolt to normal position, substantially as described.
17. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, a spring put under
tension by the recoil of the barrel, and by which the barrel is returned to normal
position, a member engaging the rear link, and mechanism operated by said
spring, for moving said member, to withdraw the breech bolt and open the breech,
and for turning the breech bolt to normal position, substantially as described.
18. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel actuated by the recoil,
of a breech bolt, links connecting said breech bolt and barrel, means for returning
the barrel to position after recoil, mechanism for actuating the links to withdraw
the breech bolt and open the breech, and for returning the breech bolt to normal
position, and a firing pin formed in two parts, one of which is pivoted to swing
with one of the links, substantially as described.
19. The combination with a hammer and recoil-operated cocking mechanism,
of a sear, a trigger, and a tripper for releasing the sear, said tripper normally lying
upon or above the trigger, and being moved off the trigger by the breech

page_text: mechanism, to permit the sear to return independently of the position of the
trigger, substantially as described.
20. The combination with longitudinally movable barrel A and barrel exten-
sion B, having side grooves 50, of breech bolt C, links K L, link L having slot 24,
member e having pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, and mechanism for
actuating said member, substantially as described.
21. The combination with a longitudinally movable barrel A and barrel exten-
sion B, of breech bolt C, links K L, a hammer moving longitudinally of and
guided by link L, a firing pin engaged by said hammer, and mechanism for
actuating said hammer, substantially as described.
22. The combination with longitudinally movable barrel A and barrel exten-
sion B, having side grooves 50, of breech bolt C, links K L, link L having
slot 24, hammer e having pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, firing pin c,
having a slot threaded on the pivot of link K, and bar d, sliding in link K,
substantially as described.
23. The combination with longitudinally movable barrel A and barrel exten-
sion B, having side grooves 50, of breech bolt C, links K L, link L having slot 24,
member e having pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, lever f, link 27 between
said link and barrel extension, spring 29 and connections to said lever, and a catch
forming a fulcrum for said lever, and tripped for the return of the breech bolt,
substantially as described.
24. The combination with longitudinally movable barrel A and barrel exten-
sion B having side grooves 50, of breech bolt C, links K L, link L having slot 24,
hammer e having pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, lever f link 27 between
said link and barrel extension, spring 29, and connections to said lever, rotating
catch hon said lever, sear having hooks 1, 2, a firing pin, means for tripping
said catch for the return of the breech bolt, and a trigger and connections for
tripping the catch, for firing the gun, substantially as described.
25. The combination with longitudinally movable barrel A and barrel exten-
sion B having side grooves 50, of breech bolt C, links K L, link L having slot 24,
hammere having pin 23 moving in said slot and grooves, lever f link 27 between
said lever and barrel extension, spring 29, and connections to said lever, rotating
catch hon said lever, sear i having hooks 1, 2, a firing pin, trip arm 3 on the
catch h, arm 4 on catch h, carrying tripper k, and trigger 1, substantially as
described.
26. The combination with the longitudinally movable barrel A, breech bolt C,
and links K L, of slotted firing pin c, threaded on the front pivot of link K, and
bar D sliding in the link K, substantially as described.
27. The combination with the longitudinally movable barrel A, breech bolt C,
and a breech mechanism having links K L, of a carrier actuated by the links as
they return to position to close the breech, substantially as described.
28. The combination with the longitudinally movable barrel A, breech bolt C,
and a breech mechanism having links K L, of a carrier having levers 33, and
rearwardly extending arms 34, pivoted on short arms 6 of said levers, and actuated
by the links, substantially as described.
29. The combination with the longitudinally movable barrel A, breech bolt C,
and a breech mechanism having links K L, of a carrier consisting of plates m m¹
carried by levers 33, and rearwardly-extending arms 34, pivoted on short arms
of said levers, and lug 36 on link K actuating said arms, on its return, to raise
the carrier, and returning the carrier by engagement with plate m, substantially
as described.
30. The combination with the longitudinally movable barrel A, breech bolt C,
and a breech mechanism having links K L, of a carrier consisting of plates m m
carried by levers 33, and rearwardly extending arms 34 pivoted on short arms G
of said levers, lug 36 on link K actuating said arms, on its return, to raise the
carrier and returning the carrier by engagement with plate m, and wings 37 on
link K, forming a cartridge stop, substantially as described.

page_text: 31. Carrier H, consisting of plates mm² carried by lever 33, and actuating
arms 34 pivotted on short arms 6 on said levers, substantially as described.
32. The combination with a breech bolt, magazine, carrier, and means for
actuating the breech bolt and carrier, of spring-pressed dog n and sliding plate 38,
actuated by the breech bolt to depress the dog, independently of the carrier,
substantially as described.
33. The combination with magazine F, having a loading opening near its for-
ward end, and spring-pressed follower o, of sliding fore-stock G, normally closing
said opening, and connected to the follower, whereby the fore-stock G carries the
follower beyond said opening, when drawn forward, substantially as described.
34. The combination with magazine F, having a loading opening near its for-
ward end, and spring pressed follower o, of sliding fore-stock G normally closing
said opening, and connected to the follower, whereby the fore-stock carries the
follower beyond said opening, when drawn forward, and spring catch 9 for holding
the fore-stock, substantially as described.
35. The combination with magazine F, having a loading opening near its for-
ward end, and spring-pressed follower o, having lug 7 sliding in a slot in the
magazine, of sliding fore-stock G normally closing said opening, and having ring 8
engaging said lug 7, substantially as described.
1007
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.