Improvement in the Production of White Lead or Carbonate of Lead and the Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1888

page_text: Improvement in the Production of White Lead or Carbonate of
Lead and the Apparatus therefor.
We, RALPH WALDO EMERSON MAO IVOR, F.I.C., F.C.S., M. Phy. Society London,
F.R.G.S. &c. &c. St. Georges Club Hanover Square London in the County of
Middlesex, Analytical and Consulting Chemist FREDERICK A. DARLINGTON Č.E.
13 Eastbank Road, Stamford Hill London, GAVIN PAUL Haymarket Edinburgh &
JOHN ALLAN 12 Nollerston Road Harringay London do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Our invention relates solely to the production of carbonate of lead commercially
known as white lead-by an entirely new process namely by the solution treatment of
oxide of lead or other compound of load in with a solution of alkaline acetate and
more particularly in the acetate of ammonia, acetate and with carbonic acid.
We have discovered that oxide of lead is acted upon by a solution of nectate of
ammonia of twenty (20) per cent strength more or less and with or without heat;
in such a way that the oxide of lead can be converted upon with rapidity depending
upon the concentration by solution of acetate of ammonia of twenty (20) per cent strength
more or less and with or without heat in such a way that the oxide of lead so acted upon
can be converted into carbonate of lead by the injection of carbonic acid. The solution
of acetate of ammonia or other alkaline acetate can be removed from the white lead,
and again and again used for the convertion of further quantities of oxide or other
compound of lead into carbonate of lead.
The apparatus by which I we propose to obtain this result may be described as
follows Into vat A on plan-which inay be constructed of earthenware, wood or any
other suitable material I introduce a solution of acetate of ammonia, or other
alkaline acetate, thereafter I we introduce oxide or other-compound of lead to vat A
regulating the quantity of oxide of lead so added in such a way that when the material so
added shall have swollen up under the action of the alkaline acetate the whole shall not

page_text: form too thick a mixture to prevent the easy passage of carbonic acid through it when the
alkaline acetate solution employed is one of acetate of ammonia of strength one per cent
or any higher per centage and the lead compound employed is the oxide of lead the
proportion by weight of the material is as one of acetate of ammonia solution to three of
oxide of lead. The oxide or other compound of lead is digested in the solution-
with or without heat. Carbonic acid is subsequently introduced to vat A through
pipe a. When the mixture is thoroughly carbonated, the solution of acetate of
ammonia is run off through strainer or filter band pipe c into vat A 1 where it act
upon a fresh quantity of oxide or other compound of lead in vat A 1. where the
process already described is repeated. The acetate having acted upon the oxide
or other compound of lead in vat A 1 passes through strainer or filter 61 and pipe e
to reservoir where it is pumped by pump g. through pipe into vat A So that the
process of converting oxide or other compound of lead into carbonate of lead is
continuous, and the acetate of ammonia is therefore used over and over again to obtain
the same results.
The carbonate of lead resulting from this process is run into the washing vat k
through shoots, l, where it is washed and treated in the usual manner.
Having now particularly described the nature of my our said invention and in what
manner it is to be performed I we declare that what I we claim is,
That I we make white lead otherwise called carbonate of lead by the above process
by causing acetate of ammonia or other alkaline acetate to act upon oxide or any other
compound of lead in vessels described and shown in figures 1 and 2 on plan, or similar
vessels, and by introducing carbonic acid into the vessels containing the foregoing
substances and thereby producing the final product, white lead or carbonate of lead.
18th Inl 1888

page_text: Lead and the Apparatus therefor.
RALPH WALDO EMERSON MAC IVOR, F.I.C., F.C.S., M. Phy. Society London,
F.R.G.S. &c. &c. St. Georges Club Hanover Square London in the County of
Middlesex, Analytical and Consulting Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates solely to the production of carbonate of lead commercially
known as white lead-by an entirely new process namely by the solution of oxide of
lead or other compound of lead in a solution of alkaline acetate and more particularly
in the acetate of ammonia.
I have discovered that oxide of lead is acted upon by a solution of acetate of
ammonia of twenty (20) per cent strength more or less and with or without heat;
in such a way that the oxide of lead can be converted into carbonate of lead by the
injection of carbonic acid. The solution of acetate of ammonia or other alkaline
acetate can be removed from the white lead, and again and again used for the con-
vortion of further quantities of oxide or other compound of lead into carbonate of
lead.
The apparatus by which I propose to obtain this result may be described as follows
Into vat A on plan-which may be constructed of earthenware, wood or any other
suitable material I introduce a solution of acetate of ammonia, or other alkaline acetate,
thereafter I introduce oxide or other compound of lead to vat A. The oxide or other
compound of lead is digested in the solution-with or without heat. Carbonic acid
is subsequently introduced to vat A through pipe a. When the mixture is thoroughly
carbonated, the solution of acetate of ammonia is run off through strainer or filter b
and pipe c into vat A 1 where it acts upon a fresh quantity of oxide or other compound
of lead in vat A 1. where the process already described is repeated. The acetate having
acted upon the oxide or other compound of lead in vat A 1 passes through strainer or
filter 61 and pipe e to reservoir f where it is pumped by pump g. through pipe into
vat A So that the process of converting oxide or other compound of lead into car-
bonate of lead is continuous, and the acetate of ammonia is therefore used over and
over again to obtain the same results.

page_text: The carbonate of lead resulting from this process is run into the washing vat k
through shoots, 1, where it is washed and treated in the usual manner.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner it is to be performed I declare that what I claim is,
That I make carbonate of lead by the above process by causing acetate of ammonia
or other alkaline acetate to act upon oxide or any other compound of lead in vessels
described and shown in figures 1 and 2 on plan, or similar vessels, and by introducing
carbonic acid into the vessels containing the foregoing substances and thereby
producing the final product, carbonate of lead.