Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1893

page_text: ate of Application, 25th Feb., 1893-Accepted, 1st Apr., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by THE RANTON BOILER COMPANY, Incorporated,>
of Syracuse, New York, United States of America.]
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, DAVID YOUNG, Patent Agent, of the firm of D. Young & Co. of 11 & 12
Southampton Buildings in the County of London do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:**
This said invention relates to improvements in steam generators particularly
adapted to be supported in a suitable casing of brick or other material, and has
for its object the production of a simple and practical device of great efficiency,
which is economically constructed, and is durable in use; and to this end it con-
sists, essentially, in an outer casing provided with a combustion chamber at one
end of its base, and with a fire passage leading from the combustion chamber to
the opposite end of its base, a water containing shell supported within the outer
casing above the combustion chamber and fire passage, and formed with a fire
passage extending inwardly from the rear extremity of its lower wall, and
registered with the rear end of the former fire passage, heads for the opposite ends
of the water containing shell, the front head.being provided with a central opening
and being arranged in a plane considerably within the front edge of the water
containing shell, whereby the front extremity of the shell projects beyond said
front head, a fire flue having substantially parallel upper and lower walls arranged
with one extremity formed with an opening connected to the fire passage of the
water containing shell, and the other extremity mounted in the opening in said
front head, man-holes above and below said fire flue, and upright tubes extending
through the fire flue and formed of less length than the vertical distance between
their ends and the adjacent portions of the outer shell whereby said tubes may be
removed from the fire flue and passed through the man-holes.
The invention furthermore consists in a combustion fluid inlet pipe discharging
into the rear end of the fire flue, and in the detail construction and arrangement
of the parts, all as hereinafter more particularly described and pointed out in the
claims.
In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing,
forming a part of this Specification, in which, like letters indicate corresponding
parts in all the views.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of this improved generator shown as in
operative position within a suitable casing.
Figures 2 and 3 are, respectively, elevations of the front and rear end of the
water containing shell of the generator.
Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view, taken on line 4-4, Figure 1, the central
portion of the water containing shell being broken away for the purpose of
increasing the scale; and
Figure 5 is a vertical transverse section, taken on line 5-5, Figure 1.
The water containing shell A of this said invention may be of any desirable form,
size and construction, and is here illustrated as composed of an outer substantially
circular tube A¹ and front and rear heads a a', the front head a being arranged on
the interior of the tube A¹ in order that a portion thereof may project beyond
said head. The tube A¹ is composed of sections a' a' a' having their adjacent
ends secured together by rivets a. The opposite ends of the end sections a² a² are
secured by rivets a' a to the heads a a', the front head being formed with an

page_text: outwardly turned flange a³ and the rear head with an inwardly turned flange a for
receiving said rivets.
As clearly seen at Figure 1, the outer shell is operatively mounted within a
suitable casing B of any desirable form and material, which is provided with
combustion chamber 6 arranged beneath the forward end of the water
containing shell, and a fire passage 6' arranged directly beneath the opposite end
of said shell.
a
A represents an opening in the base of the rear end of the tube A¹, and C a pipe
or fire passage formed at its lower end with an outwardly turned flange c secured
by suitable rivets c¹ at the edge of the opening A².
The upper edge of the pipe C is formed with an out-turned flanged c³ and the
rear wall of said pipe is considerably separated from the rear head a¹ for
permitting a circulation of water around the said tube.
The products of combustion ascend from the chamber 6 through the tube or fire
passage C, the sides of which are surrounded by water and form heating surfaces,
and consequently, said tube forms, essentially, an inwardly extending fire passage
opening inwardly or upwardly from the base or lower wall of one extremity of the
water containing shell A.
D represents a fire flue arranged longitudinally within the water containing
shell A with its rear extremity supported upon the flange c of the tube C and
rigidly secured thereto by rivets d, and its front extremity supported upon,
and secured by rivets d¹ to a flange a' extending inwardly from the head a, and
surrounding a central oval opening as in said head a.
At the rear end of the fire flue D is a head D¹ formed with a forwardly extending
flange secured to the fire flue by rivets d³. This head closes the rear end
of the fire flue, and its rear face is somewhat separated from the adjacent
face of the head a' for permitting a circulation of water between said heads D¹
and a¹.
D³ represents an opening in the lower wall of the rear end of the flue D
registered with the pipe C, whereby the products of combustion pass through the
tube C from the fire passage b' and impinge directly against the head D¹ and the
upper wall of the rear end of the fire flue, both of which surfaces are surrounded
with water and add to the heating surface of this said generator.
E represents braces having their lower ends secured to lugs d' upon the top wall
of the rear end of the flue, and their upper ends provided with lugs attached to
the adjacent face of the upper wall of the tube A' for firmly and practically
supporting the upper wall of the rear end of the fire flue B. In order to
additionally support this fire flue, it is provided with central braces E' E' of similar:
construction to the braces E previously described.
As best seen at Figure 2, the fire flue D is composed of two plates D³ D*
having their central portions Ds oppositely arranged and disposed in substantially
horizontal planes and their longitudinal edges rounded towards each other at De
and secured together by rivets d. Extending vertically through the fire flue D
are water passages or Hues G having their opposite extremities flanged in the
oppositely arranged central portions of the plates D³ D.
As clearly seen at Figures 1 and 2, the thickness of the flue D and also the
length of the tubes G is of less than a perpendicular line extending from the outer
tubes G to the adjacent portions of the tube A¹. Consequently, these tubes may
be readily removed without the withdrawal of the fire flue D, by loosening their
ends and drawing them upwardly or downwardly until they are free from the tube.
To permit access to the fire flue for the withdrawal of the tubes and for.
permitting cleaning of the water containing shell, man-holes H I are arranged
respectively, above and below said fire flue and formed of any desirable con-
struction. Plates hi are arranged on the inner face of the man-holes HI, and
suitable bolts and nuts h¹, are used for temporarily holding said plates in
operative position. The cleaning of this said generator is further facilitated by a
hand-hole J in the rear head a' arranged beneath the fire flue.
1.

page_text: The draft chamber K of this said generator is preferably mounted directly above
the combustion chamber b in front of the forward end of the fire flue D and is
encased by the head a, a portion of the tube A', which projects in front of the
head a, and a suitable wall k k composed of any desirable material, and secured
to the projecting portion of the tube A¹.
A draft pipe K¹ opens from the chamber K and serves to conduct therefrom the
products of combustion passed through the fire flue D.
This construction of generator is particularly effective since the fire flue D is
sufficiently large to permit the combustion of the gases and the products of com-
bustion impinge against the under face of the tube A', the sides of the tube C,
the sides of the fire flue D, and the water containing tubes G passed therethrough.
It will thus be noted that until the products of combustion are discharged into
the draft chamber K, they impinge directly against heating surfaces constantly cooled
by the water within the water containing shell and not against surfaces radiating
to the outside of the generator.
To facilitate the action of this said generator, it is provided with air or combustion
fluid inlet tubes or pipes L having their inner ends flanged to the head D' at the
rear of the fire flue D, and their outer ends to the head a¹.
These pipes
or tubes are of suitable number and extending outwardly therefrom
from the rear wall of the casing B is a chamber M secured in position by bolts m
and formed with an outer wall m¹ provided with openings m³ registered with the
tubes L.
A suitable damper or other device is actuated to regulate the flow of air through
the openings m³ and as here illustrated, this damper consists of a flat bar or plate N
provided with separated perforations n adapted to register with the perforations m
and having its upper and lower edges movable in guides m³ on the plate m¹.
At Figure 3 the damper is shown as partly open and it may be either shifted to
the right or to the left for closing or opening said apertures m² and permitting the
entrance of air.
It is evident that the inlet of the air directly into the rear end of a large fire
flue of the character described greatly aids the combustion of the gases within said
flue, and that if desired, the air may be forcibly driven through said flues for
accelerating the draft.
O represents a pipe or flue extending upwardly for a short distance from the wall
of the fire flue directly above the opening D. In the upper end of this pipe is a
fusible plug o which is quickly fused as soon as the level of the water falls
sufficiently near the plug to perinit of its fusing, whereupon the steam and water
are thrown downwardly through the tube C, and the fire passage b' into the com-
bustion chamber and effectually extinguish the fire and obviate the liability of
the explosion which might otherwise occur.
This said invention is preferably constructed by first forming the tube A',
securing the head a to the front end of said. tube which may be readily done
from the outside, securing the tube C in position, passing the flue D within the
tube A', and lastly, securing the rear head a¹ to the tube A' and to the flues L.
It is evident, to one skilled in the art, that a steam generator constructed and
assembled as described, is manufactured economically and practically, and that
the water surfaces of the joints may be readily caulked with the greatest possible
convenience and ease.
The construction and operation of this said generator will be readily perceived
from the foregoing description and upon reference to the drawings, and it will be
particularly noted, that the products of combustion are caused to impart their heat
to a great amount of effective heating surface, and that in their progress the gases
are not extinguished, that air inay be readily admitted to the burning gases for
accelerating their combustion, and that the entire generator is practical, efficient
and durable. It is evident, however, that its detail construction and arrangement
may be somewhat varied without departing from the spirit of this said invention.

page_text: - Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. The combination, in a steam generator; of an outer water containing shell A
having a fire passage C opening inwardly from one extremity of its lower wall, a
lengthwise fire flue D constructed, substantially as described, and supported within
the outer shell A, with one end arranged above the inner extremity of the fire
passage C and formed with an opening D' registered therewith and the other end
arranged to discharge from the opposite extremity of the outer shell, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination in a steam generator; of an outer water containing shell A
having a fire passage C opening inwardly from one extremity of its lower wall, a
lengthwise fire flue D constructed, substantially as described, and supported within
the outer shell A with one end arranged above the inner extremity of the fire
passage C and formed with an opening D registered therewith and the other end
arranged to discharge from the opposite extremity of the outer shell, and a com-
bustion fluid inlet pipe L discharging into the former end of said fire flue, substan-
tially as and for the purpose specified.
3. The combination in a steam generator; of an outer casing B formed with a
combustion chamber at one end of its base and with a fire passage 61 leading
from said combustion chamber to the opposite end of its base, an outer water
containing shell A arranged within the casing B above the combustion chamber b
and the fire passage b' and formed with a fire passage C opening inwardly from one
extremity of its lower wall above the fire passage b¹ and formed at its opposite
extremity with a smoke-box K, a lengthwise fire flue D constructed, substantially
as described, and supported within the outer shell A with one end arranged above
the inner extremity of the fire passage C and formed with an opening D³ registered
therewith and the other end arranged to discharge into the smoke-box, K,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination in a steam generator; of an outer casing B formed with a
combustion chamber b at one end of its base and with a fire passage 'leading from
said combustion chamber to the opposite end of its base; of an outer water
containing shell A arranged within the casing B above the combustion chamber b
and the fire passage b' and provided at one end with a head a¹ and at the other
with a head a having an opening as and arranged in a plane considerably within
the outer edge of said extremity of the shell A, a smoke-box K on the outer side
of the head a; a fire passage C opening inwardly from one extremity of the lower
wall of the outer water containing shell above the fire passage b', a fire flue D
having one end mounted in the opening a and the other provided with an
opening D² registered with the passage C, said fire flue consisting of a pair of
plates D³ D having substantially parallel central portions D D and rounded
sides D D and having their longitudinal edges lapped upon each other, and
rivets for securing said edges together, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
5. The combination in a steam generator; of an outer water containing shell A
formed with an opening A2 in the rear end of its lower wall and provided at its
opposite end with heads a a', the front head a being provided with a central
opening a and being arranged in a plane considerably within the outer edge of the
shell A, a smoke-box K, a fire flue D having an opening D2 in its rear end and
having its front end mounted in the opening as, said fire flue being composed of a
pair of plates D' D' and rounded sides D D and having their longitudinal edges
lapped upon each other, rivets for securing said edges together, a tube or fire
flue C between the openings A D' and water circulating tubes G between the
portions D D of the fire flue D, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6. The combination in a steam generator; of an outer water containing shell A
formed with an opening A' in the end of its lower wall and provided at its opposite

page_text: ends with heads a a', the front head a being provided with a central opening a³ and
with man-holes H I above and below said openings, and being arranged in a plane
considerably within the outer edge of the shell A, plates hi for closing the man-
holes H I, means for temporarily holding the plates hi in operative position, a
smoke-box K, a fire flue D having an opening D in its rear end and having its
front end mounted in the opening as, said fire flue being composed of a pair of
plates D D and rounded sides D* D* and having their longitudinal edges lapped
upon each other, rivets d for securing said edges together, a tube or fire flue C
between the openings A' D', and water circulating tubes G between the
portions D D of the fire flue D, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
7. The combination in a steam generator; of an outer water containing shell A.
having a fire passage C opening inwardly from one extremity of its lower wall, a
lengthwise fire flue D constructed, substantially as described, and supported within
the outer shell A. with one end arranged above the inner extremity of the fire
passage C and formed with an opening Ď registered therewith and the other end
arranged to discharge from the opposite extremity of the outer shell, a combustion
fluid inlet pipe L discharging into the former end of said fire flue, a chamber M
aligned with the pipe L and formed with an inlet opening m and a damper N
having perforations n, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
8. The combination, in a steam generator; of an outer water containing shell, A,
having a fire passage C opening inwardly from one extremity of its lower wall, a
lengthwise fire flue D constructed, substantially as described, and supported within
the outer shell A with one end arranged above the inner extremity of the fire
passage C, and formed with an opening D' registered therewith and the other end
arranged to discharge from the opposite extremity of the outer shell, a pipe O
extending upwardly above a portion of the top wall of the flue D above the
opening D, and a fusible plug o at the upper end of the pipe O, substantially as
and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 21st day of January 1893
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.