CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN FITTINGS CONNECTED WITH THE ACTION OF WINDOWS, SUNSHADES, AND ARTICLES OF A SIMILAR NATURE, A PORTION OF THE IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1870

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Mills Nall and Samuel
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th September 1870.
We, THOMAS MILLS NALL, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, and SAMUEL NEWTON, of Oldham, in the said County, do hereby
declare the nature of our said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
FITTINGS CONNECTED WITH THE ACTION OF WINDOWS, SUNSHADES, AND ARTICLES OF
A SIMILAR NATURE, A PORTION OF THE IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of effecting various im-
provements in the action or mechanism connected with windows, sun-
shades, or other similar articles, and the improvements relate, first,.
to the action for raising or lowering the window sashes, and is designed
for the purpose of dispensing with counterbalance weights, cords, and
pullies, and substituting in lieu thereof a peculiar combination of wedge
and spring, the construction and adaptation of which consists in forming
the inner edges of the sash "style" sliding in the groove of the pulley
'style" similar to a V wedge, which may take the form of an inverted
wedged-shape recess or a projecting upright wedge; for example, take
66

page_text: the latter, a projecting wedged formation. In this case when the
window sashes are closed the apex of the conical wedge of the top sash
will be at a point on a line with the base of the conical wedge of the
bottom sash, when the sashes are in this position closed the surfaces of
the wedges are embraced by two bowls connected and pressed together
by a strong horse-shoe spring, or the bowls may be connected together
by cross levers; their lower ends are acted upon by a strong helical
spring in a manner that will cause the bowls to exert a strong pressure
against the surfaces of the incline against which they bear when the
sashes are closed as previously mentioned, the bowls exerting their
pressure on the top sash will be in their contracted position, whilst
those acting upon the bottom sash will be in their expanded position;
thus the dead lift of the sash when being raised will be compensated
for by the pressure of the bowls against their inclined or wedged
surfaces, the bowls upon one surface may also be provided with ratchet
teeth, into which a pawl connected with the framing supporting the
bowls is caused to act, and which when the sashes are being opened
slide over the teeth, but is caused when not in motion to fall into and
retain the window in position.
Secondly. Our Invention relátes to sunshades, which are fittings
employed for shading the outside of shop or other windows. The
improvement of this portion of our Invention consists in constructing
the projecting inclined arms supporting the canvas or other material
forming the shade in three or more parts, constructed so that each part
will slide telescopically into each other, or against the surfaces of each;
the center from which these telescopic arms project is composed of a
pulley or roller on which the canvas shade is formed, and beyond which
cords or chains running over grooved or pegged pullies connect the
extreme edge of the shade with counterbalance weights, or the
connection employed for contracting or expanding the arms may be
effected through the medium of a strong helical spring in lieu of
weights, the said springs being connected to the cords or chains in a
vertical or horizontal position. The novel employment of telescopic
projecting arms supporting canvas shades may be employed with
advantage in the construction of tents or adapted to shades for garden
seats, or for other similar purposes.
And lastly. Our improvements relate to the "Venetian blind action,"
and consist in securing to the top rail of the blind a bracket that forms

page_text: a fulcrum for a lever constructed to support three rollers, one being
placed at one end of the lever over which the cords for winding up the
blind pass, the other two rollers being placed one over the other at
the opposite end of the lever around and between which the cords pass
to their connection with the blind, the weight of which when not pulled
by hand at the time of raising the blind, causes it to press the cords
upon the two rollers against a projecting portion of the supporting
bracket, thereby retaining the blind in any position it may be placed.