Improvements in Furnaces for Metallurgical and other Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Sept., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 17th July, 1895-Accepted, 14th Sept.. 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for Metallurgical and other Purposes.
We, SIDNEY TRIVICK of No. 19 Park Road, Clapham, PETER ARCHIBALD
JOSEPH HEAD of No. 178 Park Road aforesaid, both in the County of Surrey,
and JULES ELSNER of No. 38 Tressillian Road, St. John's, in the County of
Kent, Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in the construction and working of
furnaces for metallurgical and other purposes, and has for its object to effect
economy in fuel and other beneficial results, by providing means for recuperating
the heat of the current of products of combustion at the point where those products
pass from one hearth or chamber to a second hearth or chamber, or successively pass
from one chamber to another one, so as when the heated current has done its work in
the first chamber, any unconsumed carbon, or the like, which may have passed from
the first fire, together with the carbonic acid gas generated, is carried over the
incandescent fuel of the second fire and thereby a portion is made available for
further combustion in the second chamber by being partly converted into carbonic
oxide gas; the second fire adding to the heat as well as serving to recuperate and
restore the expended energy of the primary current. The products of combustion
from the furnace pass through regeneration passages or chambers for heating the
inflow of air to furnace for combustion therein, or the waste gases may be utilized
for generating steam in the usual manner.
The fires may be produced from any convenient or suitable solid, liquid, or
gaseous fuel.
The furnaces may be arranged side by side, end to end, or in other convenient
relative positions, the primary furnace fire place being so arranged that the products of
combustion pass to and do their work in the first chamber and away by a passage or
opening to the second hearth or chamber, but in passing through the opening they
meet the intense heat of the second or recuperative fire and pass ou with enhanced
energy to their work in the second chamber.
Passages for air heated therein, or from the regenerative passages or chambers,
are so constructed and arranged as to enable the heated air to mingle with the
products of combustion, in order to enhance further combustion above, before, at
about, or beyond the point where combustion first takes place in either, or both of
the furnace hearths or chambers.
Suitable charging holes are provided conveniently for access to the fires and also
others for the working chambers or hearths.
Dated this 17th day of September 1894.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: faces or retallurgical and other Purposes.
We, SIDNEY TRIVICK of No. 19 Park Road, Clapham, PETER ARCHIBALD
JOSEPH HEAD of No. 178 Park Road, aforesaid, both in the County of Surrey,
and JULES ELSNER of No. 38 Tressillian Road, St. John's, in the County of
Kent, Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The present invention has reference to improvements in furnaces for metallurgical
and other purposes and includes improvements in the construction of the furnace
plant, as well as in the calorific process conducted within it.
The object of the invention is to effect economy in fuel, and it is accomplished by
providing means for recuperating the heat of the current of combustion products from
the first combustion furnace (or any furnace in the plant) at or about that point in
their course where they pass through the second furnace (or any subsequent
furnace in the plant). Such second, or subsequent furnace is hereafter referred
to as the recuperator. According to the above mentioned improvement in
process, the carbon dioxide as well as any free carbon or other unoxidised com-
bustible present in the said current of coinbustion products, are rendered fit for
combustion in the recuperator, the free carbon or other combustible by the air
supply and the carbonic dioxide by conversion into carbonic oxide.
The hearth worked by the first combustion furnace stands between it and the
recuperator; and that worked by the latter, between it and the combustion product
flue of the recuperator. This last mentioned flue is led from the recuperator
hearth between both hearths, the air supply flues being situated between the said
flue and the respective hearths. Those portions of the walls of the combustion
flue which separate it from the concurrent portions of the air supply flues, serve as
a heat accumulator to heat the air supplies."
The accompanying drawings illustrate a two furnace plant. Two is the smallest
Dumber of furnaces in which the present invention can be embodied, but it must be
understood that it is applicable to a plant of any number more than two.
In the
case of a plant having more than one furnace, each one will be a recuperator in
relation to the one behind it and a first combustion furnace to the immediately
subsequent one.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section along the line 1-1 of Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a sectional plan along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a transverse section along the line 3-3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a transverse section along the line 4-4 of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section along the line 5-5 of Figure 2.
Figure 6 is a transverse section along the line 6-6 of Figure 2.
Figure 7 is a transverse section along the line 7-7 of Figure 2.
a is the first combustion furnace; b, its stoke hole; c, its grate; d, its ash pit;
e, the furnace door and the ash pit door. g is a port adapted to replace the
doors e, f, as regulators of the air supply to the fuel on the grate e, by delivering
air or air and steam into the ash pit in the direction of the said grate c.
h is the furnace bridge; i, the combustion chamber and j, the air supply flue to
it. kis the hearth worked by the furnace a, and is the combustion product flue
from the furnace a to the second one or recuperator.
a is the second furnace or recuperator. It and its addenda are replicas of those
described above and for that reason, the same reference letters are used with the
addition to each of a small numeral. is the stoke hole; c', the grate; d³, the

page_text: asa pit, e the furnace door and the:ash:pitidoor. gins the air or air-and-steam
port to the ash.pit.d'.
is the furnace bridge; i, the combustion chamber, and 1, the air supply:flue
to it. kis the hearth worked by the furnace a¹; and is the combustion product
flue from the said furnace. As this flue l' is, in the case of a two furnace plant,
the exhaust flue from the latter, it terminates with the outside of the plant, where
it may be provided with a damper m. To what use the gases from the last furnace
are put, is not any part of the present invention, and, for that reasov, their course
outside the damper m is not described.
The flue and the course of the gases from the recuperator al are both bent at
right angles with their respective original directions, both bends being to the same
hand. This double bending has the effect of setting the two hearths k and k' with
their sides nearly exactly opposite each other. There are two more right angle bends
imposed on the course of the gases through the plant, and both these occur in the
flue . Further, they are both to the same hand as those already described, with the
desired result that the final and straight portion of the said flue stands between
the two hearths k and k', being separated therefrom by the intervening walls n, n'.
The air supply flues have been already mentioned in connection with the com-
bustion chambers of the respective furnaces but their course thereto has not been
described. It is as follows. They are led from the outside of the plant through
the lengths of the walls n, n', respectively, and stand one on each side of the above
mentioned final and straight portion of the flue ', being parallel with the said
portion for the whole of its length.
A two furnace plant constructed as above described works as follows after the
party walls n, n', have become sufficiently hot. The carbonic dioxide and unburut
combustible from the first combustion furnace a flow direct into the recuperator a¹.
There, the carbonic dioxide is transformed by the incandescent carbon into carbonic
oxide, which with the unburnt combustible, becomes mixed with the hot air supply
from the flue j' and burnt in the combustion chamber. The current of hot gases
from the flue becomes, first by the above described action of the incandescent
carbon and second by the air supply and the subsequent final combustion,
recuperated i.e., restored to its initial or working temperature, and flows over the
bridge in company with the hot currents due to the full oxidation of the fuel on
the grate c¹.
From the last hearth of the plant, the current of combustion products flows
through the flue towards the damper m, through the heat accumulator. This
consists of the party walls n, n' which stand between the final straight portion of
the said flue and the hearths k, k' as already described. Those portions of the
walls n, n', which stand between the flue and the flues j, j respectively, rapidly
absorb heat from the products as they flow along the former and transfer it to the
air supplies flowing along the latter. Further, the said air supplies also absorb
the heat escaping from the hearths k, k¹, through the respectively intermediate
portions of the walls n, n¹.
It is to be distinctly understood that although the side-by-side arrangement of
hearths is a preferable one-and for that reason, the one selected for illustration,―
our invention does not limit us in that respect but leaves us free to arrange each
furnace and hearth in whatever position, relatively to their fellows, may be the
desirable one under the special circumstances of any particular case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination of coal-fed furnace with a second coal-fed furnace and a
flue adapted to deliver the products of combustion from the former into the
combustion chamber of the latter.
2. The hereinbefore described process of recuperating the calorific energy of a

page_text: current of combustion products and the conversion of its free carbon and carbonic
dioxide into carbonic oxide within the combustion chamber of a recuperator burning
solid fuel.
Dated this 17th day of July 1895.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.