Improvements in Valves employed to Prevent the Accumulation of Water and the like in Pipes or other Vessels.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification. Left, 2nd Aug., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves employed to Prevent the Accumulation of
Water and the like in Pipes or other Vessels.
I, FREDERICK ANDREW RUSSELL, of Edenfield, Cupar, in the County of Fife,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to prevent the accumulation of water, steam, and
the like, in pipes, cylinders, or other vessels. For example:-In pipes, such as
ship's pipes, house pipes and such like, exposed to cold, and where the contained
water is liable to be frozen, its accumulation is prevented. When placed between
the main stop valve and cylinder of an engine, it prevents the accumulation of steam,
due to leaky valves. It can also be used to prevent the formation of a vacuum in
pipes and boilers, or as an auxiliary drain cock on steam chests or cylinders, or for
draining steam jackets.
In carrying out my invention according to one modification, as applied to vessels
or pipes, subjected in their working condition to a fluid pressure greater than the
atmosphere; the valve is held off its seat by a spring or weight, in order that the
water or other fluid may pass away, such spring or weight not being sufficiently.
strong to keep the valve open when exposed to the full working pressure of the
fluid.
In a second modification two valves may be used for the aforesaid purpose, the
one, which is of greater area being closed by a pressure from within and the other,
of a lesser area, by a pressure from without, the two valves being coupled to a
weighted elastic rocking lever, that is to say to a lever provided with a suitable
spring and weight. When the chamber which has to be drained is not subjected
to the normal fluid pressure, both valves open, but when otherwise, both valves
shut.
In a third modification, as applied to vessels or pipes subjected, in their working
condition, to a fluid pressure less than the atmosphere; the valve is held off its seat
by a spring or weight in order that the water or other fluid may pass in either
direction, such spring or weight not being sufficiently strong to keep the valve open
when exposed to the reduced working pressure of the fluid, that is to say to a
pressure less than the atmosphere.
Dated this 1st day of November 1892.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41, Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves employed to Prevent the Accumulation of
Water and the like in Pipes or other Vessels.
I, FREDERICK ANDREW RUSSELL, of Edenfield, Cupar, in the County of Fife,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my invention is to prevent the accumulation of water, steam, and
the like, in pipes, cylinders, or other vessels.
For example:-In pipes, such as ship's pipes, house pipes and such like exposed
to cold, and where the contained water is liable to be frozen, its accumulation is
prevented. When placed between the main stop valve and cylinder of an engine,
it prevents the accumulation of steam, due to leaky valves. It can also be used to

page_text: And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I now proceed
to particularly set forth the system, mode or manner, in or under which the same is
or may be used, or practically carried into effect, reference being made to the
accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say-
Figure 1. (Sheet 1.) is a sectional elevation at A. A. (Figure 2);
Figure 2. a cross section at B. B. (Figure 1.);
Figure 3. (Sheet 2.) a view looking in the direction of the arrow C. (Figure 1.);
Figure 4. (Sheet 3.) a part sectional elevation showing the application of a weight
instead of a spring, and
Figures 5. and 6. illustrate methods of applying my invention.
In carrying out my invention according to one modification as applied to vessels
or pipes, subjected in their working condition to a fluid pressure. greater than the
atmosphere, the valve 7. is held off its seat 8. by a spring 9. whose elasticity may
be adjusted by means of the screwed guide 10, a jam nut 11. locking it in position,
or by a weight 12, which may be applied as shewn; in order that the water or other
fluid may pass away, such spring or weight not being sufficiently strong or heavy to
keep the valve open when exposed to the full working pressure of the fluid.
The spindle 13. is provided with a conical valve 16. which bears upon a seat in
the body of the appliance, its purposè being to prevent fluid passing, when the
valve 7. is open.
In using the appliance for the purpose aforesaid, that is to say for a pressure
greater than the atmosphere, the aperture 14. is placed in communication with such
vessel or pipe, the fluid passing the valve in the direction indicated by the arrows
(Figure 1.) to the conducting pipe 15. When the fluid pressure exceeds, by any
determined amount, that of the atmosphere, the valve 7. will be upon, and 16. off
its seat.
In another modification or application, as applied to vessels or pipes subjected, in
their working condition, to a fluid pressure less than the atmosphere, the valve 7. is
held off its seat 8. by a spring 9. or weight 12, as previously described, in order
that the water or other fluid may pass in either direction, such spring or weight not
being sufficiently strong or heavy to keep the valve open when exposed to the
reduced working pressure of the fluid, that is to say, to a pressure less than the
atmosphere.
In using the appliance for the purpose aforesaid, that is to say for a pressure less
than the atmosphere, the aperture 15. is placed in communication with such vessel
or pipe, the other aperture 14. being in communication with the atmosphere, the
fluid being free to pass to the valve 7, as long as it is off its seat, but immediately
the pressure in the vessel or pipe is reduced, the atmospheric pressure closes the
valve. It is advisable when using the appliance for the purpose described above,
that the apertures 14. be directed in the opposite direction to that shewn in the
drawing, that is to say, it should be turned upside down, in order that the fluid may
freely escape; and to prevent the valve 7. falling too far from off its seat, a stop 17,
(Figure 1.), shewn by dotted lines, should be used.
Figure 5. illustrates the appliance as adapted for use in connection with water
pipes exposed to a freezing temperature. 18. is the inlet pipe provided with an
ordinary stop valve not shewn in the drawings. As long as the stop cock is open
the valve 7. is closed by the fluid pressure, but when it is shut and pressure reduced,
the valve opens, allowing the remaining water in the pipes to escape through the
outlet 15, the appliance being placed at the lowest level.
Figure 6. illustrates its application to a steam pipe, in connection with a boiler.
I wish it to be particularly understood that I do not limit myself to the precise
details of construction herein before described and shewn by the figures of the
accompanying drawings, but that I hold myself at liberty to make such changes and
alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
ion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In valves employed to prevent the accumulation of water and the like, in pipes or
other vessels :-
1. The improved system, mode or manner in or under which the same is or may
be used or practically carried into effect, substantially as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
2. The improved combination and arrangement of parts, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, with special reference
to the application for a pressure greater than the atmosphere.
3. The improved combination and arrangement of parts, substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, with special reference
to the application for a pressure less than the atmosphere.
4. The use of an adjustable screwed guide 10, as hereinbefore described and
illustrated.
5. The use and application of the valve 16. substantially as, and for the purposes
set forth, and as illustrated and described.
100th day of Iul 1893
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41, Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
41, Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.