IMPROVEMENTS IN TILES
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN of the General Patent Office No 4 South Street
Finsbury in the county of Middlesex Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature
of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TILES a communication from
abroad by Monsieur le Comte Bernard d'Abbadie of Barrau in the republic of
France to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of tiles and the
invention consists firstly in mixing with earth, domite (a kind of trachyte of which
the mountain of Auvergne in France known as the Puy de Dorne is formed)
pulverized in order to render it lighter, in the proportion of about 25 to 50 per
cent: secondly, in forming tiles so as to prevent water from passing between them.
For this purpose I form on the top of one tile and under the following tile
transverse projections and on the left or right hand side I form a longitudinal
channel for collecting the water and discharging it into a recess made in the
surface of the next tile placed below; thirdly, in forming the tile with a projection
underneath the same which projection is perforated with a hole in which a peg or
pin can be placed transversely. The lower tile has two projections or teeth
between which is inserted the projection of the tile above, the pin being passed
underneath and serving to hold the whole in position.

page_text: I GEORGE FREDERICK RÖDFÉRN, of the General Patent Office, No 4 South Street,
Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature
of this invention (a communication from abroad by Monsieur le Comte Bernard
d'Abbadie of Barrau in the republic of France) and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of roofing tiles.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1 is a top view of my
improved tile and figure 2, is an underside view of the same; figure 3 is a
transverse section on line c, d, of figure 1; and figure 4 is a longitudinal section on
line a b of figure 2.
The improved tiles are more hollow than those ordinarily used and allow the
water to run off more easily and the inclination of the roofing, can therefore be
decreased. The said tiles are arranged end to end, the part X, Y, Z, being placed
over the part D, B, O, and they are also placed by the side of one another, the
part N covering the part K, L.
The tiles are provided with a raised portion O, upon which are successively
arranged ridges C, E and B and as the parts X and Z of the tile placed above
enter the spaces O and A, the result is that the water even if rain be falling
heavily could not enter between the tiles of the building. Should any water get
into the part A of the tile it would not spread any further and would run off
through the space D. In order to prevent the water falling onto one tile, from
passing below the adjacent tile at its side, the lateral part of each tile is provided
with a flange beyond which is also formed a channel or groove K. A ridge L
prevents the water from going any further, and is together with the channel K
covered by the part N of the adjacent tile, the projecting ridge U of which fits
into the said channel, The water which may have entered the latter runs into a
conduit I formed in the upper part of the tile placed below.
Further in order to secure the tiles firmly together, so as to resist the action of
strong winds, each tile is provided with two small projections F and G between
which fits a projection S having a hole in which is inserted a pin of iron or other
suitable material serving to hold the tiles together.-To give strength to the whole,
the two projections G, H, are arranged to take into two recesses T at the right
and left hand sides of the part S.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a roofing tile the hereinbefore described arrangement of upper ridges for
preventing the water from rising.

page_text: 2. In a roofing tile the hereinbefore described arrangement of lateral groove,
channel or gutter for allowing the water to run into a conduit formed into the
lower tile.
3. In a roofing tile the arrangement of projections for fixing the tiles together
allowing of the use of a metal or wooden pin for this purpose substantially as
hereinbefore described.
4. The improved tile hereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying
drawing.