Improvements in Furnaces for Domestic and other Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 29th July, 1889-Accepted, 28th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for Domestic and other Purposes.
I, JOHN KEIDEL, of Friedenau, near Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to what are known as shaft furnaces.
In iron shaft furnaces as at present constructed that part which is nearest to and
around the fire grate is usually covered with a lining of fire-bricks so as to prevent
the fire from destroying the furnace, or instead of the firebrick lining a metal basket
grate is sometines used which rests on the horizontal grate or bottoin and which is
closed around. Both of these constructions possess the disadvantages that, when
raking out the slag and the like, the said horizontal grate or bottom has to be
removed and that, in case of repairing the lining or renewing the basket grate, the
whole upper part of the furnace has to be removed.
The object of my invention is to obviate these disadvantages and to this end it com-
prises the improvements hereinafter described.
According to my invention, instead of using the old form of basket grate which is
fixed from the top, I employ a grate of semicircular, horse-shoe shape or angular
shape open at one side and provided with either vertical or inclined bars. The open
side of the basket grate is closed by a hinged or sliding plate or door.
The upper part of the furnace which may be of any suitable construction rests upon
the lower part containing the fire basket.
This lower part is open on one side and just beneath its upper edge is a flange
upon which flanges on the basket grate are adapted to slide.
The basket forms a continuation of the lower portion of the upper part of the
furnace and is closed from below by a horizontal grate.
To the hinged plate or door, which also may form part of the grate itself is
hinged a regulating bar for holding the swinging plate in any desired inclined
position.
Instead of the swinging plate a slide with handles can be used for shutting up
the open side in the grate. The flange servos in this case to hold both the grate and
the slide.
The slide can be formed like the grate with bars.
Instead of having vertical bars, inclined bars can be used. But in that case the
swinging plate or slide has to be shaped in a special manner if it should be desired
to give it an inclined position corresponding with the inclined walls of the chamber of
the furnace.
The open side of the lower chamber may have a door provided with an air
regulator.
An ash box can also be placed underneath the grate.
The open grate has the advantage that after lifting the swinging plate it facilitates
the raking out of the slag or of taking out the basket grate without removing the
horizontal grate, the opening, formed by lifting the swinging plate or removing the
sliding plate, allowing the slag to be easily raked out and dropped into the ash box.
Moreover this arrangement has the essential advantage that the grate when damaged
by the fire can be easily taken out and renewed.
Dated the 2nd day of November 1888.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Furnaces for Domestic and other Purposes.
1. JOHN KEIDEL, of Friedenau, near Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to what are known as shaft furnaces.
In iron shaft furnaces as at present constructed that part which is nearest to
and around the fire-grate is usually covered with a lining of fire-bricks so as to
prevent the fire from destroying the furnace, or instead of the fire-brick lining a
metal basket-grate is sometimes used, which rests on the horizontal grate or bottom
and which is closed around. Both of these constructions possess the disadvantages
that, when raking out the slag and the like, the said horizontal grate or bottom has
to be removed and that, in case of repairing the lining or renewing the basket-grate,
the whole upper part of the furnace has to be removed.
•
The object of my invention is to obviate these disadvantages and to this end it
comprises the improvements hereinafter described.
According to my invention, instead of using the old form of basket grate which is
fixed from the top employ a grate of semi-circular, horse-shoe shape or angular
shape open at one side and provided with either vertical or inclined bars. The open
side of the basket-grate is closed by a hinged or sliding plate or door, and an
opening in the side of the furnace allows of the basket-grate being placed in position
or renewed.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood will proceed to describo
the same by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a vertical section on line A B of Figure 3 of a furnace fitted with a
grate of horse-shoe shape, with vertical bars.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on line C D Figure 3.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on line E, F, Figure 1.
Figures 4 and 5 represent in vertical section and horizontal section respectively a
grate having inclined bars, and a sliding plate for closing the open side.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section through the furnace shewing a grate of angular shape.
The upper part of the furnace shown in Figure 1 consists of the fire-chamber a,
the fuel chamber and the charging opening c; the wall d forms an inclined plane,
down which the fuel gradually slides.
The lower part of the furnace is open on one side which gives it a kind of horse-
shoe shape in horizontal section just beneath its upper edge is a flange upon which
Hanges on the basket-grate are adapted to slide.
The basket e forms a continuation of the lower portion of the upper part of the
furnace, and is closed from below by a horizontal grate f. The space so enclosed by
the two grates forms the actual fire-hearth.
To the hinged plate or door g, which also may form part of the grate itself, is
hinged a regulating bar which can be held in teeth i or secured in any other suitable
manner, for bolding the swinging plate g in any desired inclined position.
I
Instead of the hinged plate ga sliden with handles o, as shown in Figure 4, can
be used for shutting up the open side in the grate e. The flange serves in this case
to hold both the grate and the slide n. The slide n can be formed like the grate with
bars.
Instead of having vertical bars, inclined bars can be used as shewn in Figures 4
and 5. But in that case, as will be seen by reference to Figure 5, the swinging
plate g or slide n has to be shaped in a special manner, if it should be desired to
give it an inclined position corresponding with the inclined walls of the chamber of
the furnace.
Where the furnace is angular shaped as represented in cross section, Figure 6, the
two grates e and must have a corresponding form.

page_text: The open side of the lower chamber may have a door provided with an air
regulator. An ash-box can also be placed underneath the gratef
The open grate e has the advantage that, after lifting the swinging plate g, it
facilitates the raking out of the slag or the taking out of the basket-grate without
removing the horizontal grate, the opening, formed by lifting the swinging plate g
or removing the sliding plate n, allowing the slag to be easily raked out and dropped
into the ash-box.
Moreover this arrangement has the essential advantage that the grate e, when
damaged by the fire, can easily be removed from the furnace by sliding it along
the flange for the purpose of repairs or for renewal.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
:―
(1) In furnaces for domestic and other purposes, the use of a basket-grate, such
as e, open at one side and provided with vertical or inclined bars, substantially as,
and for the purposes, hereinbefore described.
(2) In furnaces for domestic and other purposes, the use of a basket-grate having
vertical or inclined bars and which can be placed in position or renewed from tho
side, substantially as hereinbefore described.
(3) The use, for closing the open side of a grate having vertical or inclined bars,
of a hinged plate g, the position of which may be regulated, or a sliding plate n
or a door, etc., which plate or door can be made with grate bars, substantially as
herein before described.
(4) The improvements in furnaces for domestic and other purposes, substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Data the 20th day of July, 1880
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.