Improvements in the Manufacture of Headed Bolts, Spikes, Rivets, and the like, and in Machinery or Apparatus to be Employed in the said Manufacture.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 30th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 28th June 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Headed Bolts, Spikes, Rivets,
and the like, and in Machinery or Apparatus to be Employed in
the said Manufacture.
We, JAMES WILEY, and GEORGE WILEY, both of The Eagle Works, Darlaston,
Staffordshire, Nut and Bolt Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :-
This invention has reference to improvements in the manufacture of headed bolts
spikes rivets and the like and in machinery or apparatus to be employed in the said
manufacture. An ordinary method of forming for instance a headed bolt is to take
a bar of round iron long enough to form the shank and head thereof. The said bar
having been previously heated at one end is supported in a suitable bore from which
sufficient of the heated end projects to form the required head and neck the other
end of the bar resting against a stop. An advancing heading tool upsets the projecting
heated end of the bar so as to partly form the head of the required bolt. The partly
finished bolt is then removed and placed in another bore where its lower end rests
upon a stop and the head is finished by another advancing heading tool having the
shape of the required head.
By our invention we are enabled to form the head and neck of the bolt spike
rivet or the like in a single bore instead of employing two bores and we obtain a
better finished head and neck than heretofore.
We will describe our invention in connection with an ordinary bolt heading
machine of that kind in which a heading tool or die carried by a slide moves up and
down above a bore supporting the heated bar to be headed this bore being fixed to a
slide capable of horizontal movement and provided with a hand lever by which the
slide and bore can be moved to and fro so as either to bring the bore and heated bar
under the heading tool or withdraw the bore therefrom so as to allow of the headed
bolt being removed and a fresh bar inserted in the bore.
In making for instance according to this invention a headed bolt having a round
shank and a square neck we make the upper part of the hole in the bore square of
the same size as the required square neck on the bolt. We employ two heading tools
carried by the said vertically moving slide these heading tools being arranged at
about the same level one being behind the other so that the said bore can he brought
under either one or other of them or withdrawn therefrom. The said slide which
carries the bore carries also a movable stop underneath the bore as usual on which
the bottom end of the bolt or a piece of metal between the bolt and the stop rests
whilst the upper end is being headed and beneath this stop is the usual knocking out
lever having an up and down motion for pushing the stop and the headed bolt
upwardly so that the latter can be readily removed from the bore when the head has
been formed thereon. The front one of the two said heading tools is made of a shape
to partly form the head on the bolt and the other heading tool is inade of a shape to
finish the head. When the horizontal slide has been moved towards the heading
tools so as to bring the bore underneath the first heading tool a suitable removable
stop prevents the further motion of the slide this stop being connected to a treadle
lever or other means by which the stop can be removed when required so as to allow
of the slide being moved farther along to bring the bore under the other heading
tool this position of the slide also being regulated by a suitable stop as usual. Under-
neath the said stop which regulates the length of the shank of the bolt we provide a
removable trigger piece about three sixteenths of an inch thick more or less which
may form one arm of a two armed lever the other arm projecting outwardly to
engage with a fixed projection to withdraw the trigger piece and allow the said stop
to fall through a distance equal to the thickness of the trigger piece and then to rest
upon the usual cross piece by which this stop is carried from the said slide.
ED

page_text: The operation of the parts above described is as follows:-The slide carrying the
bore having been moved from underneath the heading tools a bar long enough to
form the required bolt and head at the upper end as usual is placed in the said bore
the lower end of the har resting upon the said stop or upon a piece of metal between
the lower end of the bolt and the stop. The slide is then pushed forward so as to
bring the bore underneath the front heading tool the exact position of the slide and
bore being regulated by the stop above described. The heading tool then descends
and upsets the heated projecting end of the bar thus partly forming the head and
squeezing part of the metal into the square hole in the bore to form the square neck of
the bolt. When the heading tool rises the operator withdraws the slide and bore and the
partly headed bolt is then knocked upwardly by the usual knocking up lever so as to
free the bolt from the bore. The operator now pushes the slide and bore with the partly
headed bolt underneath the back heading tool but before the bore reaches this position
the said trigger piece underneath the stop has been withdrawn from the stop by one arm
of the trigger piece coming into contact with the fixed projection as above described so
that when this heading tool descends to finish the head the shank part is free to descend
into the bore a distance equal to the thickness of the trigger piece before it rests upon
the stop which causes the metal in the head to thoroughly fill up the square corners of
the neck. The slide and bore are then withdrawn to their front position and the
finished bolt is knocked upwardly by the said usual knocking out lever and as the
stop is raised a suitable spring causes the trigger piece to spring underneath the stop
so as to be ready for forming the next bolt.
This allowing of the shank of the bolt to lengthen or descend a certain distance
into the bore between the two heading operations is an important feature of this
invention.
Our invention can be similarly applied to those heading machines in which the
heading tool or tools work horizontally or at an angle or in which the bore moves
round in a circle instead of moving to and fro in a straight line so as to be brought
under the successive heading tools as above described.
Dated this 4th day of November 1889
CHARLES BUSWORTH KEILEI,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Headed Bolts, Spikes, Rivets,
and the like, and in Machinery or Apparatus to be Employed in
the said Manufacture.
.
We, JAMES WILEY and GEORGE WILEY, both of the Eagle Works, Darlaston,
Staffordshire, Nut and Bolt Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements in the manufacture of headed bolts
spikes rivets and the like and in machinery or apparatus to be employed in the said
manufacture. An ordinary method of forming for instance a headed bolt is to take a
bar of round iron long enough to form the shank and head thereof. The said bar
having been previously heated at one end is supported in a suitable bore from which
sufficient of the heated end projects to form the required head and neck the other end
of the bar resting against a stop. An advancing heading tool upsets the projecting
heated end of the bar so as to partly form the head of the required bolt. The
partly finished bolt is then removed and placed in another hore where its lower end
rests upon a stop and the head is finished by another advancing heading tool
having the shape of the required head.
By our invention we are enabled to form the head and neck of the bolt spike rivet
or the like in a single bore instead of employing two bores and we obtain a better
finished head and neck than heretofore.

page_text: We will describe our invention in connection with a bolt heading machine of that
kind in which two heading tools or dies are carried by a slide one behind the other
which moves up and down above a bore supporting the heated bar to be headed this
bore being fixed to a slide capable of horizontal movement and provided with a hand
lever by which the slide and bore can be moved to and fro so as either to bring the
bore and heated bar under either of the heading tools or withdraw the bore therefrom
to allow of the headed bolt being removed and a fresh bar inserted in the hore.
Part of a bolt rivet or spike heading machine of this kind with our invention
applied is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in sectional side olevation and
in plan by Figs. 1 and 2 respectively; Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 represent the same
parts in different positions so as to illustrate our improved method of manufacture;
Fig. 9 is an end view of part of the sail machine; Fig. 10 represents a piece of round
iron for forming a bolt; Fig. 11 shews the same with the head partly formed by our
improved method and Fig. 12 shews the bolt with finished head (except that the fraze
has to be removed).
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the Figures of the
drawings.
A'A' are two heading tools carried by the slide B one behind the other and moving
up and down above the bore C which supports the heated bar D to be headed,
this bore C being fixed to the horizontal slide E in the usual way and F is the
handle by which the latter is moved to and fro to bring the bore C under either
the heading tool A' or A² or to withdraw the bore therefrom. The heading
tool A¹ is made of a shape to partly form the head on the bolt and the other heading
tool A is made of a shape to finish the head. The position of the bore under the
heading tool A¹ is regulated by the slide E coming into contact with the removable
stop G, projecting upwardly through the frame H of the machine and the position of
the bore under the heading tool A2 is regulated by the adjustable stop I with which
the slide E comes into contact. J is a foot lever connected to the stop G by the
connecting rod and the lever so that when this foot lever is depressed as in
Figs. 7 and 8 the stop G will be moved down to allow of the slide E being pushed
against the stop I. K is the usual stop on which rests the lower end of a piece of
metal forming a distance piece between the lower end of the bar D to be headed
and the stop K. The stop K is carried by the cross piece L and bolts from the
slide E. M is the knocking-out lever centred at m and operated by the links m³ m³
jointed to the vertical slide B so that when the slide E is withdrawn the knocking out
lever M will push up the stop K and the headed or partly headed bolt from the bore C
so that it can be removed therefrom. The vertical slide B is operated by a crank and
sliding block (not shewn upon the drawings) as usual.
Bolt and like heading machines constructed as in part above described but with
the heading tools A' A' arranged side by side, instead of one behind the other,
and with two bores C side by side each carried by a separate slide are well known
and in common use. We are also aware that prior to our invention a bolt or like
heading machine has been made with the two heading tools A¹ A carried by the same
slide B one behind the other as shewn, and with the removable stop G operated by
the foot lever J. In this machine as the collar of the stop rested upon the
fixed cross piece L during hoth heading operations the lower end of the bar D to be
headed was always maintained at exactly the same distance below the bore C which
during the final heading operation by the header A² usually so jammed the headed
bolt in the bore C that in some cases the latter has burst, or the knocking up
lever M or other parts of the machine have been broken.
According to this invention we cause the shank of the bolt, spike, rivet or the like
to lengthen or descend a certain distance into the bore during the final heading
operation which effectually prevents the bolt or like becoming jammed in the bore and
enables a better neck to be formed thereon. This we effect as follows:-Underneath
the head of the stop K which regulates the length of the shank of the bolt D we
provide a removable trigger piece O which is about a quarter of an inch thick more

page_text: or less when used in making square headed bolts etc. of five eights of an inch diameter.
This trigger piece may, and by preference does, form one arm of a two armed lever as
illustrated centred at 03 on a pin fixed to the cross piece L, the other arm marked O
projecting outwardly to engage with a fixed projection P on the bracket P¹ to withdraw
the trigger piece O and allow the stop K to fall through a distance equal to the
thickness of the trigger piece O and then to rest upon the cross piece L.
The operation of the parts above described will then be as follows: The slide E
having been withdrawn from under the heading tools by the handle F, a bar D, long
enough to form the required bolt and heated at its upper end as usual, is placed in the
bore C its lower end resting either upon the stop K or upon the distance piece k¹.
The slide E is then pushed forward (see Figs. 1 and 2) so as to bring the bore under-
neath the front heading tool A¹ the exact position of the slide and bore being
regulated by the stop G. The slide B carrying the heading tools then descends (see
Figs. 3 and 4) and the heading tool A' upsets the heated projecting end of the bar D
thus partly forming the head (see Fig. 11) and squeezing part of the metal into
the square neck of the bolt. When the heading tool rises the operator withdraws
the slide E and bore and the partly headed bolt is then knocked upwardly by the
knocking up lever M so as to free the bolt from the bore (see Figs. 5 and 6).
The operator now depresses the treadle J so as to remove the stop G and then
pushes the slide and bore with the partly beaded bolt underneath the back heading
tool A2, but before the bore reaches this position the trigger piece O has been with-
drawn from under the collar 2 of the stop K by the arm 02 coming into contact with
the fixed projection P (see Fig. 8) so that, when the heading tool A² descends to
finish the head, the shank part D is free to descend into the bore a distance equal
to the thickness of the trigger piece O before it rests upon the distance piece k¹ on the
stop K which causes the metal in the head to thoroughly fill up the square corners of
the neck and prevents the bolt becoming jammed in the bore. When the slide B
rises the slide and bore are withdrawn to their front position and the finished bolt D
is knocked upwardly by the knocking out lever M, and as the stop K is raised the
spring g causes the trigger piece O to spring underneath the collar ² of the stop to
be ready for forming the next bolt.
When the operator removes his foot from the treadle J the latter and the stop Gare
moved upwardly by the spring ready to arrest the slide E.
This allowing of the shank of the bolt to lengthen or descend a short distance
into the bore between the two heading operations is the important feature of this
invention.
Our invention can be similarly applied to those heading machines in which the
heading tool or tools work horizontally or at an angle, or in which the bore moves
round in a circle to be brought under the successive heading tools, instead of moving
to and fro in a straight line as in the machine above described.
The arrangement of the spring trigger piece O and the fixed stop P is what we
prefer for causing the stop K to fall between the two heading operations, but it will
be understood that other arrangements of mechanism could be substituted therefor
without departing from the nature of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In machines for heading bolts spikes rivets and the like in which the bar is
headed by being held in the same bore and passed successively under two heading
tools, the improvements herein before described with reference to the accompanying
drawings for preventing the bolt rivet spike or the like becoming jammed in the bore
during the final heading operation which consists in the employment of means for
causing the shank of the bolt rivet spike or the like to lengthen or descend a short
distance into the bore during the final heading operation substantially as hereinbefore
set forth.

page_text: 2. In a bolt or like heading machine of the kind herein before described and in part
illustrated by the accompanying drawings, and in combination with the stop K thereof
on which the lower end of the bar to be headed or a distance piece rests, the spring
trigger piece 0 0 and the fixed stop P arranged and operating substantially as
and for the purposes herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 29th day of April 1890
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.