Motor Engine Worked by Ether Vapour or other Volatile Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Motor Engine Worked by Ether Vapour or other
Volatile Liquids.
1, PAUL DE SUSINI, of 6 Rue de Sfax, Paris, France, Doctor of Medicine,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates to a new construction of motor engine worked by ether
vapour or other volatile liquids, which is essentially different from similar engines
previously constructed by me and in which the generator of ether vapour, the
conduits for the ether vapour, and the cylinder are heated by the circulation of
steam for avoiding all condensation of the ether vapour before completing its useful
effect. A reservoir of glycerine or other suitable lubricant is put in communication
with the piston rods for lubricating them while working and also for stopping any
possible leakages of ether vapour, such reservoir being in communication with a
main reservoir in which the escaping ether vapour is collected for being conveyed
to the condenser.
Generators of ether vapour are employed which are heated by the circulation
of steam from a steam boiler, so as to effect the heating of the ether at a suitable
distance from the furnace and thus avoid all danger of explosion owing to the
accidental escape
of ether vapour.
For separating the lubricating matter carried by the ether vapour when the
motor cylinders are lubricated a special separator is arranged in connection with
the conduit for the exhaust ether vapour.
I will describe my said invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the improved motor engine.
Figure 2 shows a sectional plan of the same on line a, b, Figure 1;
Figure 3 shows a vertical section of a new construction of stuffing box employed
in this engine;
Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section of the generator of ether vapour on
line c, d.
Figure 5 shows a vertical section, and Figure 6 a horizontal section of my
improved separator of lubricating matter.
A steam boiler V of any known construction, situated at a distance from the
motor engine, supplies steam through a pipe V₁ provided with a shut-off valve V'
to the jacket A of the cylinders B and C, in which the ether vapour works with
double expansion by means of any known compound arrangement of cylinders.
After baving circulated through the jacket A, the steam issues through a pipe D
surrounding the supply pipe E for the ether vapour, and it issues thence into the
upper chamber F of the generator of ether vapour G. From this chamber the
steam passes through the tubes a down into the lower chamber H while at the same
time it passes down through the jacket 1 of the generator.
The space enclosed between the chambers F. H. and the cylindrical casing I
contains the ether to be vaporised and through it pass the tubes a through which
steam flows, the steam is thus condensed by the contact with the tubes, the outer
surfaces of which are cooled by the ether, to which consequently the steam gives
off all its calories, whereby the ether is vaporised.
The ether vapour thus formed passes by the pipe E to the distributing slide 6 of
the small cylinder B and then after having worked by a first expansion in this
cylinder, it passes through the conduit J to the chamber K for supplying the
distributing slide c of the large cylinder C. Here the vapour works by a second

page_text: expansion and then it passes through pipe L to the surface condenser M of any
suitable construction, acting either with water or with moist air.
The exhaust ether vapour from the large cylinder before passing into the
condenser is made to flow through the separator U, arriving at X at the end of
the lower part of pipe L, where it is forced to pass through the coarse meshes of
several thicknesses of wire gauze forming an annular partition . In consequence
of the friction of the ether vapour against this, a certain quantity of lubricating
matter carried thereby remains adhering to the partition and is caught by a
gutter on the inner surface of L whence it is conducted away by a pipe not
shown.
On passing through the wire gauze tissues the vapour issues into a series of
concentric annular chambers e formed between the end covers ƒ and g of the
separator and concentric circular sheet metal partitions h. These chambers e
communicate with each other through perforated or wire gauze parts i of the
partitions, these parts being made alternately at the upper and lower ends of the
partitions, so that the vapour is caused to flow in a zig zag direction through
the entire length of each chamber before passing into the next one in coming into
frictional contact with the partitions. In consequence of this frictional contact,
the ether vapour will be made to deposit a certain portion of the lubricating matter
carried by it upon the partitions h and this lubricating matter will flow along the
partition on to the lower cover y The perforated or wire gauze parts i also have
for their object to intercept the lubricating matter from the ether vapour, in
consequence of the sudden expansions and contractions and resulting variations of
velocity produced thereby. On issuing from the last chamber the ether vapour
freed from lubricating matter, passes to the upper part of the surrounding casing U
and issues through a perforated shield into the continuation of the pipe L which is
fixed to the condenser M and on entering the latter the vapour is condensed as
described.
The lubricant retained by the last named shield falls down on to the upper
slightly. conical cover from which it falls into the outermost annular chamber
of the separator.
In order to prevent the lubricant deposited at the bottoms of the annular
chambers from rising up along the partitions in consequence of the rapid flow of
the ether vapour, I fix small circular gutters in reversed positions on the partitions,
which arrest any lubricant that may so rise, before reaching the perforated parts
so as not to clog the interstices of these, and thus prevent the passage of the
vapour.
In order to prevent the lubricant that may be deposited upon the underside of
the cover from falling into the pipe La conical guide may be placed so as to
direct such falling lubricant into the circular gutter d.
Cocks provided on discharge pipes fixed to the bottom cover g of the
chambers e allow of the withdrawal from time to time of the accumulated
lubricant.
The liquid ether resulting from the condensation in M is withdrawn from the
condenser through pipe M by a suitable feed pump N and is reintroduced into the
generator G in order to be again evaporated and so repeat the above described
closed cycle of operations.
Reservoirs O. P. Q R of glycerine or other suitable lubricant that will not
combine with the ether are made to communicate with the stuffing boxes o p q r of
the cylinders and slide chests, for automatically lubricating the sliding rods of
these parts and for closing any leakages of ether vapour that might accidentally
occur at those points.
The reservoirs O. P. QR are connected by pipes stu provided with
cocks s¹¹¹¹ with a main reservoir S from which they are all supplied, such
reservoir also serving to collect any leakages of ether vapour, that may occur from
the stuffing boxes through the supply pipe, the occurrence of any such leakages
being indicated by a pressure gauge T, so that by opening any one of the

page_text: cocks s¹ t¹ u¹ v¹ while the others are closed it can be readily ascertained by the
indications of T from which stuffing box the leakage is taking place.
The engineer can then at once tighten up the said stuffing box and prevent
further leakage. The ether vapour accumulating in the reservoir S is caused to
pass through the pipe shewn at top to the condenser M to be condensed together
with the main body of exhaust vapour the resulting liquid ether being withdrawn
through a pipe M¹ to a force pipe N which forces it back into the generator G.
W is a fan for blowing air through pipe W₁ into condenser M; Z is a pipe for the
introduction of water spray W' is the discharge pipe for the air and that for
the water.
The stuffing boxes o p q r are made double the first stuffing box 1 is tightened
up by means of the Belleville spring washers of a second stuffing box 2 which
can be tightened up externally by screws in the ordinary manner. The washers z
are made to fit into each other as shewn at Fig. 3. being provided with notches
as shewn at Fig. 3ª, so as while allowing the packing of the stuffing boxes 1 and 2
to be equally compressed thereby to permit of free access of lubricant to the
piston rod.
Having now particularly described and explained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In an ether vapour engine, the combination with the engine cylinders and
conduit pipes for the ether vapour of a jacket or casing through which steam
from a steam boiler is made to circulate, so as to avoid all condensation of ether
vapour before completion of its useful effect, substantially as described.
2. The combination of the parts referred to in the preceding claim with one or
more reservoirs of glycerine or other liquid lubricant that will not combine with
ether such reservoirs being put in communication with the piston and slide valve
rods for the double purpose of lubricating the same and of stopping any leakages
of ether vapour, substantially as described.
3. The combination of the reservoirs referred to in the preceding claim with
double stuffing boxes of the engine in which are two packings compressed by
one and the same set of Belleville spring washers constructed with notches for
allowing free access of the lubricant to the piston or slide rods, substantially as
described.
4. The combination of the reservoirs for lubricant referred to in the preceding
claims, with a main closed reservoir connected to each of the said reservoirs by a
pipe with stop cock so that any escape of ether vapour from any of the stuffing
boxes through the pipes supplying the lubricant will be collected in the main
reservoir from which it will be conducted through a pipe to the condenser while
the fact that any such escape is taking place from a particular stuffing box can be
ascertained by means of a pressure gauge on the reservoir in combination with the
stop cocks on the supply pipes, substantially as described.
5. The improved construction of generator for ether vapour, consisting of a
tubular generator provided with a jacket through which and through the tubes of
the generator steam from a steam boiler is made to circulate so as to effect the
vaporisation of the ether in contact with the outer surfaces of the tubes, solely by
steam heat supplied from a distance and to prevent any condensation of the vapour
generated, substantially as described.
6. The combination of a steam jacketted motor engine worked by ether vapour,
a steam jacketted generator of ether vapour and a steam boiler situated at a
distance from the vapour generator, supplying steam to the jackets of generator
and the engine, the supply pipe being provided with a shut off valve by opening or
closing which the ether vapour generator can be at once thrown in or out of
action, substantially as described.
7. The construction of apparatus for separating lubricating matter from the

page_text: exhaust ether vapour before passing into the condenser, substantially as herein
described with reference to Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings.
8. The improved construction of ether vapour engine combined and operating as
herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of August 1892.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.