IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Clayton Slater at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th July 1881. A communication from
abroad by Isaac Winskell Plewes, of Lynedoch, in the County of Norfolk, in
the Province of Ontario and Dominion of Canada.
CLAYTON SLATER, of Barnoldswick, in the County of York, Cotton Spinner
and Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS." [A communication from abroad
by Isaac Winskell Plewes, of Lynedoch, in the County of Norfolk, in the Province
of Ontario and Dominion of Canada.]
This Invention relates to a new and useful churn, and consists in constructing
the same with a body having curved ends; the body is mounted in an upright
swinging support to which is imparted a combined rocking and swinging motion
by means of a crank or cam, and which causes the milk to be violently thrown
backward and forward within the body of the churn.
For this purpose the body of the churn is pivotted midway between the ends so
that it may rock, and the pivots are fitted in swinging supports to give the body a
backward and forward motion, and the body is connected with a crank or cam to
produce a compound movement. The body of the churn is furnished on its lower
side midway between the ends with a supporting cross bar, the ends of which are
journalled in upright arms of a swinging supporting frame which is pivotted at
its lower end to the framework, and attached to the body of the churn is a
transverse crank shaft mounted in bearings which are fitted to the framework;
the crank shaft is formed or fitted with a crank, or a cam may be employed; on
the crank shaft is fitted a fly wheel to which is secured a handle by which to
actuate the churn.
By turning the fly wheel and the crank or cam, the body of the churn is made
to rock upon its pivots or swinging supports and simultaneously move forward,
the advancing or forward end of the body being lowered, and by the rotation of
the shaft the crank or cam reverses the direction of the movement of the body,
which rocking upon the pivot causes the opposite end to be depressed.
The body of the churn is rigidly held
with curved ends in order that the milk
.מ
577
together by rods, and the body is made
may be thrown from one end to the other

page_text: of the churn and directed upward to prevent touching the top of the body, so that
the milk shall be thrown from the upper side at one end to the lower side at or near
the opposite end at each movement, thereby the milk describing a figure ; the
curved ends are so constructed in the upper parts that they cause the milk to take
the direction of the figure co and prevent the possibility of taking any other
direction so long as the shaft is turned in the proper direction. The top of the
body of the churn is made with an opening to place in the milk and remove the
butter; and on the opening is fitted a cover secured thereto when the milk is to be
operated on, and the centre of the cover is provided with a glass to tell when the
cream breaks and the butter is formed, and the cover is also provided with two
bell-mouthed tubes for the purpose of introducing air into the churn through one
of the tubes and allowing the impurities to pass out of the churn through the
other, and vice versa, as the churn is moved in the opposite direction.