IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Patrick Robertson, of Sun Court, Cornhill, in the
City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF MANURE,"
Sealed the 16th March 1860, and dated the 28th September 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Patrick Robertson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
September 1859.
I, PATRICK ROBERTSON, of Sun Court, Cornhill, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF MANURE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
manure. For this purpose
For this purpose I take yeast after a portion of the ale, porter, or
beer is extracted by centrifugal force or otherwise, and mix it with gypsum
(sulphate of lime) and a phosphate of lime. I prefer using bi-phosphate of
lime, one half in the soluble state, and the other half insoluble; but other
phosphate of lime may be employed. I also in some cases substitute for
gypsum other substances containing lime. Also, I in some cases combine with
the above preparation the dregs of distilleries, the hops after having been used
in brewing, and the grains remaining after brewing and distilling. I also
occasionally add foreign guano. In order to improve certain descriptions of
foreign and other guano, I mix them with yeast.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Patrick Robertson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th March 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PATRICK
ROBERTSON, of Sun Court, Cornhill, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Patrick Robertson, Her special licence that I, the said Patrick
Robertson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Patrick Robertson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Patrick Robertson, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Patrick Robertson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
manure.
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
For this purpose I take yeast after a portion of the ale, porter, or
beer is extracted by centrifugal force or otherwise, and mix it with gypsum
(sulphate of lime) and a phosphate of lime. I prefer using bi-phosphate of
lime, one half in the soluble state and the other half insoluble; but other
phosphate of lime may be employed. I also in some cases substitute for
gypsum other substances containing lime. Also, I in some cases combine with
the above preparation the dregs of distilleries, the hops, after having been used
in brewing, and the grains remaining after brewing and distilling. I also
occasionally add foreign guano. In order to improve certain descriptions of
foreign and other guano I mix them with yeast.

page_text: Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same. The proportions of the
several matters above mentioned may be greatly varied, and I would state that
I am aware that phosphates of lime and sulphate of lime have before been com-
bined with dregs of distilleries, also with spent hops and grain, and in some
cases also with guano. I do not, therefore, claim such combinations when
manufacturing manure, the peculiarity of my Invention consisting in the use
of yeast in combination with phosphates of lime, or matters containing phos-
phates of lime, and with sulphate of lime; and also with guano, and also with
lime or substances containing lime, with or without any other fertilizing
When using the spent or waste matters above mentioned, I prefer
that they should be first roasted or calcined to reduce them into powder. The
proportions which I prefer to use are at the rate of about four parts by weight
of dry or nearly dry yeast, three parts by weight of sulphate of lime, and
three parts by weight of phosphate of lime, prefering that about one-half
should be in a soluble condition; such phosphates being obtained from bones or
minerals, or from other sources as heretofore. These matters are to be
intimately mixed and prepared in a state of powder for use. Or, when using
guano or the ashes of the waste products above mentioned, containing more or
less of the phosphates of lime, the other phosphates obtained from bones or
mineral phosphates may be proportionally reduced, depending however at all
times on the nature of the manure desired to be produced. And I would
state that the object of my Invention is to apply yeast in all cases where phos-
phates of lime, or compounds containing phosphates of lime or sulphates of
lime, or guano or lime are used, whatever be the other ingredients employed
therewith in preparing manures, varying the proportions of the several
substances according to the nature of manure desired to be produced.
In witness whereof, I, the said Patrick Robertson have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
PAT ROBERTSON. (L.S.)