CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD MACHINES
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Brown, of Coventry, in the County of War-
wick, Ribbon Designer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
JACQUARD MACHINES,"
Sealed the 11th May 1858, and dated the 22nd January 1858.
....
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Brown at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd January 1858.
... I, JAMES BROWN, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Ribbon Designer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN JACQUARD' MACHINES," to be as follows, that is to say:-
These improvements consist, firstly, in the employment of a double hook
in jacquard machines, whether such machines be worked by barrel or card,
and the form of hook I prefer is shewn in the annexed Drawing. By the
employment of this hook either one, two, or three sheds or openings may be
produced at the same time, either rising, falling, or standing, thus allowing
one, two, or three colours to be introduced into the fabric at one and the same
time, and enabling the weaver to produce on either side of the fabric orna-
mental; brocaded, or other figures, or to make plain articles of the description
known as double-laboured, or drawn in by single labour.
Secondly, these improvements consist in the employment of three gratings
or lifts in jacquard machines instead of one, as at present employed, which
lifts are also capable of rising, falling, or standing, as may be required.
I

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th July 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BROWN, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick, Ribbon Designer, send
greeting.
..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said James Brown, Her special license that I, the said James Brown,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Brown, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN JACQUARD
MACHINES," upon the condition, amongst others, that I, the said James
Brown, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Brown, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon, that is to say:→
My Invention consists of certain improvements applicable to most descrip-.
tions of jacquard machines, but especially so to those employed in weaving
silks and ribbons, and they relate, firstly, to the employment of a double hook.
in jacquard machines, whether such machines be worked by barrel or card..
The forms of hook I prefer are seen in the annexed Drawings, and by the
use of which double hooks either one, two, or three sheds or openings may
be produced at the same time and in either of the positions known in the,
manufacture as rising, falling, or standing, thus allowing one, two, or three
colours to be introduced into the fabric at one and the same time, enabling
the operator to produce on either side of the fabric ornamental, brocaded, or

page_text: machines; Figure 2, an end view of the same.
Sheet B, Figure 3, a transverse section of this machine, shewing the double
hooks.
Sheet C, Figure 4, a front view of another form of my improved jacquard
machines; Figure 5 an end view of the same.
Sheet D, Figure 6, a transverse section of the same.
Sheet E, Figure 7, a transverse section of one of my improved double
jacquard machines.
I will now proceed to describe the construction and working of these several
jacquard machines, and as the parts are shewn more clearly and in larger size
in the sections, I shall refer in the first place to Sheet B, Figure 3, in which
the double hook (a) and the needles (6) are shown. (A) represents the
pulley from which the machine receives its action, and which pulley is worked
in a vertical reciprocating motion by the band (B), actuated by the treadle or
tappet of the loom. Upon the axle (D) of the pulley (A) two smaller pullies
(E and F) are fixed, communicating a reciprocating motion to the griffs (G)
actuating the hooks (a) forming the sheds, and at the same time working the
arm (H) with an alternating motion right and left, and thus lifting and
depressing the tug-board (I) through the connecting rod and sliding motion
(j), working on the fixed rod (5), and consequently raising and depressing
the hooks; (K and L) are duplicate pulleys producing a similar motion in
the 'griffs and hooks to that already described, but in a contrary direction.
The pulley (A) also actuates through the connecting rod (M) the toothed
sectors (N) by means of the racks (O) operating upon the cylinder batten (P),
and imparting to it a reciprocating horizontal motion backwards and forwards
upon the rod (R). The cylinder or barrel (Q) revolves in the ordinary
manner when working by means of the catch (S), the pattern being formed by

page_text: the action of the needles (b) upon the hooks (a), the needles working into
perforations upon the faces of the barrel, and cards pierced according to the
requirements of the pattern can be affixed to the faces of the barrel or
cylinder.
I shall now refer to (Figure 6, Sheet D,) which is a transverse section of
another form of my improved jacquard machines, and in which the griffs (G):
arė, worked in a vertical. reciprocating motion in the frame (T) by means of
beams or levers (Y, Y,) acting on the connecting rods and slides (J, J', and J³),
working on the fixed rod (J³), as shewn. These beams are actuated by the
lever (U) worked from the tappet or treadle of the loom, as already described
with respect to (Figure 3, Sheet B.) The griffs (V) in the frame (W) are
stationary, the hooks (b) catching upon them, and remaining suspended until
acted upon by the needles (a) according to the working of the cylinder and
the requirements of the pattern. Whilst the upper griffs (G) in the frame
T, with part of the hooks attached, are drawn upwards, the tug-board (✗) is
forced downwards, by which action the rest of the hooks are lowered, as seen
in the Drawing. These hooks are at the same time, operated upon by the
needles (a) according to the pattern, as already described for those at (V).
The cylinder frame (P) and the barrel (Q) are the same in their principle and
action as those shewn in Figure 3, except that they are acted upon by levers
instead of racks and sectors. This cylinder is supported by iron brackets (R')
and slides upon the rod (R).
Sheet E, Figure 7, shews a transverse section of one of my improved
double jacquard machines. This machine is actuated in the same manner as
the one last described by means of a lever (U) worked by a tappet or treadle
operating upon the beams or levers (Y, Y), thus imparting a reciprocating
motion to the griffs (G) through the connecting rods and slide motion
(J, J, J). The griffs (V) in the lower frame (W) are stationary, and whilst
the griffs (G) in the frame T are drawn upwards, the tug-board (X) is worked
downwards and vice versa, and simultaneous with the upward motion of the
griffs (G) the cylinder frames or battens (P, P,) are both thrown outwards
right and left. The griffs (G) being lowered, the cylinder frames are both
drawn inwards, so as to act upon the ends of the needles (a, a,) and the
hooks (b, b,) which thus form their own spring, and resume their normal
position when the motion is reversed. The barrels are moved round,
changing the card or face of the cylinder barrels Q according to pattern.
The cylinder frames (P) and the barrels (Q) are actuated by the levers
(Y, Y,) working the connecting rods and slides (J, J¹, J³,) and imparting
motion to the sectors (N) and racks (O). These cylinder frames slide hori-

page_text: zontally on the rods (R, R.) producing in this double machine each of the
effects already described as belonging to the single machines.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
confine myself to these precise details; but that which I claim is the several
improvements in jacquard machines, by which I am enabled to weave into
the fabric several colours at one and the same time, as well as to produce by
single labour fabrics of the description termed double-laboured, as herein
more fully set forth and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Brown, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
JAMES BROWN.
BROWN. (..)