IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Albert Gatty, of Accrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON FABRICS."
Sealed the 23rd April 1872, and dated the 21st February 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Albert Gatty
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st February 1872.
I, FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lan-
caster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON FABRICS,"
to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in printing and fixing upon cotton fabrics
certain colours rendered to a certain extent waterproof, so that when
brought into contact with other colours or mordants in a liquid state,
only such parts of the print which are not waterproof will take up and

page_text: absorb the liquid colours or mordants, leaving the waterproof colours
unaffected.
In order to obtain these results different means may be adopted, but I
find the following processes to answer my purpose:-I add to the colours
intended to become waterproof a certain quantity of soap, but fatty and
resinous substances will also answer the purpose. In place of adding
the waterproofing substances to the colours, ordinary colours containing
earthy or metallic salts may be used, but in this case I pass the printed
fabrics through a solution of soap or alkaline solution of rosin, in
order to combine a certain amount of fatty acid or rosin with the colours
upon the fabric.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick Albert Gatty in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th August 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufac-
turing Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, Her special
licence that I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick Albert
Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and

page_text: from any excess of alkali, containing about two ounces to the gallon
of water at 120 degrees Fabrenheit or thereabouts. A fatty acid or resin
dissolved in ammonia, carbonate of soda, or potash will also answer the
purpose, after which the fabrics are dunged and washed, and then dyed
with garancine, extract of madder, or any other colouring matter, and
finished in the ordinary way.
After printing, fixing, or dyeing the waterproof colours described
above, the fabrics are brought into contact with the fluid colour or
mordant in such a manner that the colour or mordant is absorbed by the
fabrics in those places only which are not printed with waterproof
colour. I find the most convenient way to attain this object is to run the
fabrics over a roller or cylinder covered with any soft material capable of
retaining liquids, and while the said roller or cylinder is in motion the
under side of the fabric is slightly pressed upon it and made to run
with the said roller. The fabrics are then treated in accordance with
the requirements of the colour or mordant used, in the same way as if
they had been padded with the ordinary padding machine well known to
calico printers.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which I perform the same, I would have it understood that I do not
claim as my Invention adding soap or any other such substance to
colours, nor do I confine myself to any particular substances or propor-
tions mentioned above; but what I do claim as my Invention is, the
application to cotton fabrics of certain colours capable of resisting the
absorbtion of fluids for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, have
hereto set my hand and scal, this Fifteenth day of August One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.