IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTI- LATING STABLES AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Looker, junior, of
Kingston-upon-Thames,
in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTI-
LATING STABLES AND OTHER BUILDINGS."
Sealed the 11th May 1855, and dated the 23rd February 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Looker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
February 1855.
I, BENJAMIN LOOKER, junior, of Kingston-upon-Thames, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATING STABLES AND OTHER BUILDINGS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of constructing clay or earthenware or glass tubular
apparatus to be let or built into walls, the air being admitted from the exterior
of the building into the interior through numerous small openings, which, by
preference, are made in an inclined direction back towards the wall. For this
purpose a simple clay or earthenware or glass tube, or a double earthenware or
clay tube, is built horizontally in a side or wall of a stable or building, and a
second tube, closed at its inner end and perforated with numerous small holes,

page_text: is arranged to slide within the fixed tube, whether it be a single or a double
tube. In some cases where the quantity of openings to admit air is to be
constant, the perforated tube is fixed in the wall.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Benjamin Looker in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd August 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
LOOKER, junior, of Kingston-upon-Thames, in the County of Surrey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Benjamin Looker, Her special licence that I, the said Benjamin
Looker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Benjamin Looker, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATING STABLES AND OTHER BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Benjamin Looker, by an instrument in writing under my
band and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
mouths next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Benjamin Looker, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of constructing clay or earthenware or glass tubular
apparatus to be let or built into walls, the air being admitted from the exterior
of the building into the interior through numerous small openings, which, by
preference, are made in an inclined direction back towards the wall. For this
purpose a simple clay or earthenware or glass tube, or a double earthenware

page_text: or clay tube, is built horizontally in the side or wall of a stable or building, and
a second tube, closed at its inner end, and perforated with numerous small holes,
is arranged to slide within the fixed tube, whether it be a single or a double
tube. In some cases where the quantity of openings to admit air is to be
constant, the perforated tube is fixed in the wall.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shows a section of an apparatus made, and applied according to
my Invention; Figure 2 shows a front view, partly in section; Figure 3 shows
another section where an additional part is added, which is perforated at its
outer end; Figure 4 shows an apparatus where the openings for the passage
of air are constantly open, and where the perforated tube is fixed, and not
moveable and variable as in the other Figures. I would state that the form
of the apparatus may be varied, but those shown are what I prefer. In
Figures 1, 2, and 3, a tube of earthenware, or, it may be, of glass, a, is built
horizontally into a wall. This tube may be formed with openings through it
at its outer end, as shown at Figure 3, or not, as shown at Figure 1. b is a
sliding tube, of earthenware or of glass, which is perforated with numerous
holes; the perforations may be made only in the upper part of the sliding piece,
or it may be entirely open as a trough, and according as the part 6 is slided
more out or into the part a, so will be the extent of ventilation offered. In
order to prevent the part 6 from being drawn completely out of the part a, there
is a slit formed at b', into which a fixed pin or projection, which is fixed or
driven through a hole made in the part a of the apparatus, or a chain or cord
may be attached to the pieces for the same purpose. In Figure 3 the part a is
made of two parts, as shown, but it may be made all in one piece, when desired.
It is convenient, however, to have the part a in two parts, in order to suit the
varying thickness of brickwork in different walls. Figure 4 shows a section
and exterior view of the apparatus where the perforated tube is a fixture, and
it has no power of having the quantity or extent of openings varied. This
apparatus consists of a double earthenware tube, which may be made all in
one, or it may be made of two parts. 6 is the fixed perforated tube, which is
closed at its outer end; c is an outer tube or cylinder of earthenware, with
perforations for the passage of air near one end. This outer tube c is to be
either made one with the tube b, or it may be made to fit into a groove as
shown. The arrows indicate the direction of the currents of air.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is, the
making earthenware and glass ventilating apparatus, as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Looker, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
EDWARD Cox,
of Kingston-on-Thames.
BENJAMIN LOOKER, JUN. (L.S.)