Improvements in Writing Pens.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 21st Apr., 1896-Accepted, 23rd May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Writing Pens.
I, THOMAS QUINLAN, of 65 Cowbridge Road, Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan, Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in writing pens.
The nib of my improved pen is unsplit. For the purpose of preventing the ink
dropping from the nib, and of retaining it therein, I form a central line of holes
extending from the point of the nib along the back of the latter. To provide for
the ink being delivered to the paper, I form a shallow central groove or canal from
bole to hole. This groove or canal runs from the last hole out at the point. The
respective tendencies of the line of holes and of the central groove are opposed to
each other-one adapted to retain and the other to deliver the ink.
A proper
balance between the two provides for delivery of the ink at the desired rate.
There may be two grooves from the last hole running out through the point,
instead of the one indicated above.
There may be combined with the nib made as above described, a cross-piece on
its underside, adapted to form a reservoir for the ink.
The present invention does not limit me in respect of material, but I prefer to
make my improved pen-nib in metal.
Dated this 21st day of June 1895.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Writing Pens.
I, THOMAS QUINLAN, of No. 65 Cowbridge Road, Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan, Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
•
· My invention relates to improvements in writing pens and the object of it is to
produce a pen adapted for ordinary and ornamental writing, free-hand drawing, pen
and ink sketching, etching, or writing carbon transfers.
A pen made according to my said invention has an unsplit nih with a central line
of holes and a groove or channel connecting these holes with each other and with
the point of the nib. This nib may have on its underside a cross piece adapted to
form a reservoir.
Referring to the accompanying drawing, wherein I have illustrated several
modes of carrying my invention into effect,
Figure 1 is a plan of the convex side of a pen made according to one form of the
present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same pen from the opposite or concave side.
Figure 3 is a sectional longitudinal elevation taken along the line 2-2 of
Figure 2.

page_text: Figure ɔ is a plan of the concave side of a pen made according to a modification
of my invention.
Figure 6 is a plan of the concave side of a pen made according to another
modification of my invention.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of the last mentioned pen.
Figure 8 is a transverse sectional elevation taken along the line 8-8 of
Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a plan of the concave side of a pen made according to a further
modification of my aforesaid invention.
In Figures 1 to 4, a designates the pen nib which is unsplit, and b b b are three
holes formed through the nib and arranged along a straight central line which
extends from the point c of the nib backwards. The number of holes in a series is
varied according to the size of the pen, but three holes are preferably provided in
a pen of ordinary size. These holes and the point c of the nib may be either at
equal or varying distances from one another. In like manner I may vary the size
of these holes. For instance, the hole nearest to the point c of the nib is rather
less in diameter than those farther from the said point by reason of the narrowness
of the terminal part of the nib. Although the holes are all shown circular, this
being the preferable shape, I may make them of any other shape without occasion-
ing any appreciable difference in the flow of the ink.
A groove or channel d of any appropriate shape is cut or otherwise formed in
the concave side of the nib intermediate of the two side edges of the latter. It
starts from that hole which is farthest from the point c and extends to the said
point where it runs out of the nib a, thereby connecting each hole of the series
with the adjacent one, and the last hole of the series with the point of the nib.
The function of the series of holes b is to retain the ink in the nib after the
latter has been charged, so far, that is, as to prevent it from dropping from
the point so soon as the latter is put in working position over or upon the paper to
be written or drawn upon.
On the other hand the tendency of the groove or channel d is to let all the ink
run out of the nib at once so soon as it is put into working position. As the series
of holes tends to retain the ink in the nib and the channel d tends to deliver the
ink in the nib past the point e it follows that one tendency will counteract the other
if equally strong. But their relative efficiencies are adjusted so that the balance
is in favour of the channel d, the result being that the ink will be delivered freely
and regularly from the point c upon the paper.
This being the normal relationship between the series of holes on the one hand
and the groove or channel d on the other hand, the rate at which the ink will be
delivered from the point c can be adjusted with the greatest precision.
In pens used for some purposes, such as for drawing thick lines, where a
comparatively large quantity of ink requires to be rapidly delivered to the point
of the nib, it will be found advantageous to duplicate the groove or channel
between the front hole band the point c. Figure 5 shows this modification,
wherein the nib presents at its terminal part two converging grooves or
channels d¹ d¹ meeting at the point c.
A pen made according to my said invention may be furnished on its concave
side with a flap e formed on one side of the nib and having a length of about one
quarter to one third of that of the nib. This flap e, preferably arc-shaped, is bent
over to the other side so that its concave side will be opposite to the concave side
of the nib to constitute a reservoir for the ink, as illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8.
This flap e may be perforated with one or more holes e¹, for the purpose of
increasing the holding capacity of the said reservoir and providing for a more
regular flow of the ink.
In lieu of one perforated flap I may also make use of two flaps e², Figure 9,
formed on both sides of the nib and bent over to meet at the centre so as to leave
between them a narrow slit designed to perform the same function as the aforesaid
hole e' in the flap, Figure 6.

page_text: I do not limit the scope of my invention in respect of the material used for-
making the improved pen, but I prefer metal for this purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A pen having an unsplit nib a with a series of holes 6 and a groove or
channel d connecting these holes and the point c of the nib on the concave side of
the latter, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore specified.
2. A pen having an unsplit nib a with a series of holes 6, and two converging
grooves or channels d d meeting at the point c of the nib, substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore specified.
3. A pen having an unsplit nib a with a series of holes b, a groove or channel d
and an arc-shaped flap e which may or may not be perforated with a hole or
holes e, substantially as and for the purpose herein before specified.
4. A pen having an unsplit nib a with a series of holes b, a groove or channel d
and two flaps e meeting at the centre and leaving a narrow slit between them,
substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore specified.
Dated this 21st day of April 1896.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.