Improvements in the Construction of Springs. and wh
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
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Improvements in the Construction of Springs. and wh
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"I SAMUEL EARNSHAW HOWELL of Brook Steel Works Sheffield in the County
of York Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for,
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION" OF SPRINGS to be as follows:
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My invention of improvements in the construction of springs relates more
particularly to spiral or volute springs, such as are used for Butlers; Drawbars, and
for other similar purposes; but it may be also applied to other forms of springs;
the object being to construct: springs that shall be lighter, and also less liable to
flaws, water cracks, and some other defects that tend to cause fracture.
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My invention consists, in making such springs from, hollow or tubular bars or
rods of steel of any desired section, and of such a quality of steel that will harden"
and temper, instead of from solid bars of steel as heretofore, such method of
construction being novel and original.
Springs so constructed from hollow or tubular bars are lighter and stronger than
if made from solid material, and a great source of weakness, and liability to
concealed flaws is dispensed with by the hollow core or centre.
Dated
d the 22nd day of December 1884. ;
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ROB: F. DRURY
23
Agent for the Applicant,

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in the Construction of Springs.
I SAMUEL EARNSHAW HOWELL of Brook Steel Works Sheffield in the County
of York Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPRINGS and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say :-
My invention of improvements in the construction of springs relates more
particularly to spiral or volute shaped springs, such as are used for the buffers and
drawbars of Railway rolling stock and for other like purposes, but it may be
applied to any other suitable form of spring.
The object of my invention is to construct springs that shall be less liable to
flaws, water cracks, and other defects that tend to cause fracture, and that also
shall be lighter than springs of the ordinary construction.
It consists in making springs from hollow or tubular bars or rods of steel of any
desired cross section and of such a quality of steel, that will harden and temper,
to acquire and retain a due amount of elasticity.
This method of constructing springs from hollow or tubular bars or rods of steel
is novel and original, such springs having always been made from solid bars
or rods.
..Springs made according to my invention are lighter and stronger than similar
springs made from solid material, and they are less liable to concealed flaws, than
when made of solid section.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The manufacture or construction of Springs from hollow or tubular bars or rods
of steel, of any desired cross section (such as round, oval, or square, for example)
substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated the 19th day of September 1885