IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF OILS OBTAINED FROM THE DISTILLATION OF TAR, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH ORDINARY DRYING OILS ARE APPLICABLE
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF OILS OBTAINED FROM THE DISTILLATION OF TAR,
AND IN THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH ORDINARY
DRYING OILS ARE APPLICABLE."-A communication from abroad by Claudius
Cordier and Vincent Cordier, of Paris, in the Empire of France..
Sealed the 28th March 1865, and dated the 27th January 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th January 1865.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF OILS OBTAINED FROM THE DISTILLATION
or TAR, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH
ORDINARY DRYING OILS ARE APPLICABLE," a communication to me from abroad
by Claudius Cordier and Vincent Cordier, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar treatment of oils obtained from the
distillation of tar, such as heavy mineral oils, with a view to rendering the
same siccative, and applicable, when so prepared, as substitutes for the more
costly linseed and other drying oils at present employed in the manufacture of

page_text: waterproof fabrics, and for painting, varnishing, and other purposes where
drying oils are required.
According to this Invention it is proposed to render siccative oils obtained
from the distillation of tar, which, for brevity, I shall herein-after designate as
"tar oils," by mixing with such tar oils in suitable proportions linseed or any
other oil rendered siccative to excess by any known process or means, such
siccative oils being brought to a sticky or pasty consistency. The admixture
of the pasty drying oil with the tar oil may be accomplished whilst the oil is
at its ordinary or at an elevated temperature, and the proportions which have
given a good result are one-fifth of the pasty drying oil to four-fifths of the
tar oil, but these proportions may be varied according to the quality of the
drying oil to be produced. If desired, linseed oil in a semi-fluid state, in lieu
of in the state of a pasty mass, may be mixed with the tar oil, but in that case
a greater proportion of the linseed oil should be used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th July 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOIN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time aud at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF OILS OBTAINED FROM THE DISTILLATION OF TAR, AND
IN THE APPLICATION OF THE SAME TO THE PURPOSES FOR WHICH ORDINARY DRYING
OILS ARE APPLICABLE," a communication to me from abroad by Claudius Cordier
and Vincent Cordier, of Paris, in the Empire of France, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or admi-

page_text: nistrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
The said Invention relates to a peculiar mode of treating oils obtained from
the distillation of tar, such as heavy mineral oils, with a view to the rendering
of the same siccative, and applicable, when so prepared, as substitutes for the
more costly linseed and other drying oils at present employed in the manu-
facture of waterproof fabrics, and for painting, varnishing, and other purposes
where drying oils are required.
In carrying out this Invention it is proposed to render siccative those oils
which are obtained from the distillation of tar (which, for brevity, I shall
herein-after designate as "tar oils"), not by direct treatment of the oil itself,
but by an indirect mode of treatment, that is to say, by admixture therewith
in suitable proportions of a drying oil, which has been rendered siccative in
excess by treating it with any suitable or well-known ingredient for the
purpose. A perfect drying oil is thus obtained, which may be used in all
cases where the more costly boiled linseed and other vegetable drying oils
have hitherto been employed. The linseed or other suitable vegetable oil,
such as rape and hemp seed oils, poppy oil, and others, is first prepared by
rendering it siccative in any well-known or suitable manner until it attains a
pasty consistency. The admixture of the pasty drying oil with the tar oil
should be effected whilst at an elevated temperature (although it may be
accomplished in a cold state), in the proportion of not less than one-fifth of
the linseed or other prepared drying oil to four-fifths of the tar oil, if intende.]
to be employed in painting, otherwise the product would be of too inferior a
quality, but the proportion of prepared linseed oil in the mixture may be
increased if desired. The linseed or other vegetable oil may be brought
to a semi-fluid state in lieu of to a pasty condition, but in this case a greater
proportion of siccative oil will require to be mixed with the tar oil to render
it sufficiently siccative.
In preparing siccative tar oils to be employed in the manufacture of
oilcloth, it is preferred to render the linseed oil siccative by treating it with

page_text: litharge and umber, and to effect the admixture of this oil with the tar oil in
a pasty condition, and in the proportion of one-half of linseed oil.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
First, the manufacture or production of drying oil by the admixture in
suitable proportions of linseed or other oil previously rendered highly siccative
with tar oil, substantially as herein-before described.
Second, the application and use of siccative tar oil, prepared substantially
in the manner described, in substitution for linseed and other drying oils
heretofore employed in various branches of the arts and manufactures.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five.
J. HENRY JOHNSON. L.S.)
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)