AN IMPROVED CHURN
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Augustus Ferryman, of Wadenhoe, near
Oundle, in the County of Northampton, Clerk, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED CHURN."
Sealed the 7th December 1855, and dated the 19th July 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Augustus Ferry-
man at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 19th July 1855.
I, EDWARD AUGUSTUS FERRYMAN, of Wadenhoe, near Oundle, in the County
of Northampton, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED CHURN" to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in giving to the spatulas of churns a rocking motion
instead of a rotary or revolving motion. This I effect by means of a lever
centred upon a "crutch" or frame of iron that fits into sockets in each
end of the centre or shaft upon which the spatula rocks. The spatula works
inside a triangular-shaped box, and in grooves or recesses formed in the
upper part of the ends of the box. A portion of one side of the box is
capable of being taken off for the purpose of introducing the cream to be

page_text: churned, and a cock is provided for drawing off the butter milk after the
butter is made. The box is supported upon and attached to a suitable
stand.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Augustus Ferryman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 9th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
AUGUSTUS FERRYMAN, of Wadenhoe, near Oundle, in the County of North-
ampton, Clerk, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edward Augustus Ferryman, Her special licence that I, the said
Edward Augustus Ferryman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Edward Augustus Ferryman, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED CHURN," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Edward Augustus Ferryman, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Augustus Ferryman, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
_to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in an improved churn, in which a rocking motion is
imparted to the spatula or beater instead of a revolving or rotary motion. This
I effect by means of a lever centred upon a "crutch" or frame of iron which

page_text: fits into sockets in each end of the centre or shaft upon which the spatula or
beater rocks. The spatula works inside a triangularly-shaped box (the bottom
of which is rounded on the inside), and in grooves or recesses formed in the
upper part of the ends of the box. A portion of one side of the box is capable
of being taken off or let down for the purpose of introducing the cream to be
churned, and a cock is provided for drawing off the butter milk after the butter
is made. The box may be supported upon and attached to a suitable stand.
Figure 1 of the Drawings annexed represents a side elevation of a churn
and stand constructed according to my Invention; Figure 2, a longitudinal
section; Figure 3, an end elevation; and Figure 4, a cross section of the same.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in all the Figures.
95
A, A, is a box or frame of the shape shewn in the Figures, the top part of
each end of which is formed with a groove or recess a, a, for the reception
of the spindle or shaft B; C, C, are two side pieces of wood, the upper ends of
which are fixed firmly into the shaft B. These side pieces support between
them the spatula or beater D, which has formed in it a number of holes b, b.
E is a "crutch" or frame of iron, the two ends of which are turned, as shewn
in Figure 3, so as to fit into sockets c, c. In the centre part of this "crutch"
or frame is cut a square hole d, in which is fitted a pin e, projecting from
and passing through the centre of the lever F. This lever F is for the purpose
of giving to the spatula or beater the requisite rocking motion for churning,
by alternately raising and depressing each end thereof; G is a flap or door,
formed of one portion of one of the sides of the box, which is connected to
the other portion by means of hinges f, f, so that it can be let down when
it is required to introduce the cream, or to take out the butter when made;
H is a hinged cover to the shaft B. The upper edge of the flap G is formed
with a feather, which fits into a groove in the under side of the cover H,
both parts being held together by the hook and staple g. I is a splash
board, placed inside the box and resting upon pins i, i, projecting from the
sides of the box. This board is for preventing the splashing up of the
cream when churning, and is placed just above the spatula and between
the side pieces C, C. k is a knob or handle for removing the board when
pouring in the cream, or taking out the butter; J is a cock or tap for
drawing off the butter milk; K, K, are handles (one at each end of the
box) by which the box can be lifted and carried; L, L, is a stand for
supporting and raising the churn; and h, h, are fastenings for connecting the
churn and stand together.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what

page_text: improved construction of churn, in which a rocking instead of a rotary motion
is given to the spatula or beater, as herein-before described, and represented in
the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Augustus Ferryman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of December, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
EDWARD AUGUSTUS FERRYMAN. (L.S.)