Improvements in Water Motors and Pumps.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, Sth Sept.. 1894-Accepted, 13th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Motors and Pumps.
I, JAMES KEITH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. of 57 Holborn Viaduct in the City of
London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to water motors and pumps, the improved motor being
designed to be connected to water pressure mains for the purpose of obtaining power
for operating organ bellows and for like purposes whilst also being adapted to be
connected to a pump either of any ordinary form or of the special design herein-
after described for the purpose of raising or forcing water.
The improved motor or water engine consists of a cylinder provided with a piston
and rod and having a valve casing fitted with a piston slide or other main valve
operated by an auxiliary valve to control admission and exhaust ports through
which water under pressure is admitted and exhausted in order to reciprocate the
piston within the cylinder the piston rod being connected in the usual way to
operate organ bellows or other apparatus to which power is to be applied. The
main valve is preferably cylindrical and has fitted within it the auxiliary valve
which is reciprocated by a lever or otherwise from the engine piston rod. Small
ports or passages are also formed in the main valve and through the auxiliary
valve so that the pressure water admitted to either side of the engine piston also
passes on the completion of the engine stroke through said small ports to one end
of the main valve whilst the opposite end is similarly open to exhaust whereby said
valve is traversed in the casing to admit the water to the opposite end of the
engine cylinder. On the completion of the stroke the pressure water is admitted
by the small ports to the opposite end of the main valve whereby the latter is
traversed to reverse the inlet and exhaust ports and admit water to effect a fresh
stroke of the engine piston. The movement of the main valve is thus effected
by the water pressure controlled by the movement of the auxiliary valve.
The improved pump with which the motor is by preference combined for water
raising or forcing purposes is composed of an open ended cylinder secured in a web
or partition within a valve casing having clacks or non-return valves fitted on inlet
and outlet openings on both sides of the partition communicating respectively with
the suction and uprising pipes. Within the cylinder is fitted a piston connected to
and reciprocated by the piston rod of the motor and at each stroke of the piston
water is drawn into the casing on one side of the web and forced out on the
opposite side the pump being thus double acting.
In the combination of water engine or motor and pump, the pump chamber may
be less in diameter than the cylinder of motor in order to enable a lower initial
water pressure to raise water or other liquid through the pump to a much higher
level than the water pressure working the motor could reach by gravitation. When
used for water raising in this manner the whole apparatus may be made to work
automatically by the mere drawing off of the exhaust water at sinks, lower cisterns,
water closets, etc. Thus the mere using of water at a low pressure in a large
building in this manner may be the means of raising water to a higher level
constantly or automatically without further waste than the actual use of the water.
at the said sinks or the like.
Dated this 7th day of December 1893
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.

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I, JAMES KEITH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., of 57 Holborn Viaduct, in the City of
London, Gas, Hydraulic, Heating and Ventilating Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to water motors and pumps, the improved motor being
designed to be connected to water pressure mains for the purpose of obtaining
power for operating organ bellows and for like purposes whilst also being adapted
to be connected to a pump either of any ordinary form or of special design for the
purpose of raising or forcing water.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the motor showing its application to a pump,
Figure 2 a transverse vertical section on the line - Figure 1, and Figure 3 a
horizontal section on the line y-y Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a part section of a vertically acting motor and
Figures 5 and are modifications of parts of the apparatus.
As represented in these drawings the improved motor or water engine consists
of a cylinder A provided with a piston B and rod C and having a valve casing D
fitted with a piston valve E or a slide or other main valve operated by an auxiliary
valve F to control admission and exhaust ports through which water under pressure
is admitted and exhausted in order to reciprocate the piston within the cylinder
the piston rod C being connected in the usual way to operate organ bellows or
other apparatus to which power is to be applied or as shown by Figure 1 to a
pump for raising or forcing liquid. The main valve E is preferably cylindrical
and has fitted within it the auxiliary valve F which is reciprocated by a double
forked lever G or otherwise from the engine piston rod C the blocks g carrying
the pins with which the lever G engages being secured adjustably upon the piston
rod and valve spindle whereby the extent of travel of the valve is limited. Small
ports or passages e formed in the main valve E communicate periodically with small
ports formed in the auxiliary valve so that the pressure water admitted to
either side of the engine piston also passes on the completion of the engine stroke
through said small ports e, f, to one end of the main valve E while the opposite end
is similarly open to exhaust whereby said valve E is traversed in the casing to
admit the water to the opposite end of the engine cylinder A. On the completion
of the stroke the pressure water is admitted by the small ports e, f, to the opposite
end of the main valve E whereby the latter is traversed to reverse the inlet and
exhaust ports and admit water to effect a fresh stroke of the engine piston. The
movement of the main valve is thus effected by the water pressure controlled by the
movement of the auxiliary valve.
The pump with which the motor may be combined for water raising or forcing
purposes is composed of an open ended cylinder H secured in a web or partition
within a valve casing I having clacks or non-return valves fitted on inlet and outlet
openings on both sides of the partition communicating respectively with the suction
and uprising pipe. Within the cylinder is fitted a piston K connected to and
reciprocated by the piston rod C of the motor and at each stroke of the piston
water is drawn into the casing on one side of the web and forced out on the opposite
side the pump being thus double acting.
Figure 5 shows a modification of the connections between the piston rod C and
the auxiliary valve F in which the lever G is connected at one end to an arm G
fitted adjustably on the piston rod and at its other end to a link G2 connected to
the auxiliary valve rod. In Figure 6 the lever G is connected to the piston

page_text: rod C by light chains stretched between a block G³ and the lower end of the
lever.
In the combination of water engine or motor and pump, the pump chamber may
be less in diameter than the cylinder of motor in order to enable a lower initial
water pressure to raise water or other liquid through the pump to a much higher
level than the water pressure working the motor could reach by gravitation. When
used for water raising in this manner the whole apparatus may be made to work
automatically by the mere drawing off of the exhaust water at sinks, lower cisterns,
water closets, etc. Thus the mere using of water at a low pressure in a large
building in this manner may be the means of raising water to a higher level
constantly or automatically without further waste than the actual use of the water
at the said sinks or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A water motor the parts of which are constructed, arranged and combined
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the annexed drawings.
2. In a water motor the arrangement and combination of the main valve and
auxiliary valve operated from the motor piston rod for controlling the admission
and exhaust of pressure fluid to the motor cylinder substantially as described with
reference to the annexed drawings.
Dated this 7th day of September 1894.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.