IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS FOR COVERING FLOORS, WALLS, ROOFS, AND OTHER SURFACES OR OBJECTS, WHICH FABRICS ARE ALSO PARTLY APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF ARTICLES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Henson Henson, of No. 13, Parliament
Street, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS FOR COVERING FLOORS, WALLS,
ROOFS, AND OTHER SURFACES OR OBJECTS, WHICH FABRICS ARE ALSO PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF ARTICLES."
Sealed the 17th July 1863, and dated the 27th January 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Henson Henson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Pétition, on
thé 27th January 1863.
I, HENRY HENSON HENSON, of 13, Parliament Street, Westminster, in
the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS FOR COVERING FLOORS, WALLS,
ROOFS, AND OTHER SURFACES OR OBJECTS, WHICH FABRICS ARE ALSO PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
One part of my present Invention consists in an improved combination
of the compounds of india-rubber, gutta percha, or substances having
similar properties, and cork dust, peat dust, ground leather, ground tan,
flock, oxidysed oil, boiled oil, umber, litharge, or other similar materials,
with a certain class of woven, plaited, or netted fabrics of considerable
strength and substance, such as cocoa-nut fibre or other matting, the
plastic or other compound being applied as an outer coating to the
textile fabric by which a great economy in the quantity of the plastic

page_text: or other compound employed is effected, and a new and cheap class
of fabrics obtained possessing all the valuable properties of the water-
proof compounds before mentioned, combined with the great strength
of the textile fabrics named, and which are thereby rendered applicable
to numerous purposes for which the above named plastic compounds,
when used by themselves or in combination with a textile fabric of a
slight nature, could not be employed. The cocoa-nut fibre matting or
other similar textile fabric is also thereby much improved in appearance
and when employed as a covering for floors is deprived of its disagree-
able property of accumulating dust, which renders it at present unfit
for many purposes to which it might otherwise be applied with
advantage.
In manufacturing this improved compound fabric, I first prepare the
fabric in any suitable manner, and then treat one or both sides of the
same with a suitable adhesive solution, after which I lay a sheet or
spread a layer of the plastic compound on one or both sides of the fabric
thus prepared. The combined fabric is then rolled or subjected to any
suitable pressure or process, and the surface of the same may either be
left plain or printed in colours, or in order to produce any pattern upon
the same with the smallest amount of colour it may be marked with
recessed lines to receive colour or flock mixed with colour or varnish
and flock, gold leaf, or any preparation of gold, bronze-powder, or other
similar materials, either fluid or not, or the surface may be treated in
any other manner for ornamenting the same according to the purpose
to which the fabric is to be applied.
In some cases I saturate, knead into, or incorporate with the textile
fabric any plastic materials or a compound of india-rubber or gutta
percha, with other materials, and then give the same an outer coating
or veneer of such like compound of a better quality either upon one or
both sides, and with or without colour, or in some cases I simply roll,
press, or otherwise treat the compound fabric after such saturation,
kneading, or incorporation has been effected without afterwards giving
it an outer coating of the plastic compound which may or may not be
elastic.
Another part of my Invention consists in manufacturing a new fabric,
consisting of any combination of the before-mentioned plastic com-
pounds, for the under surface of any woven, textile, or other fabric,
and any compounds of oxidysed oil for the upper surface, or vice versa.
For this purpose I coat the one side of a fabric called "scrim" canvas,
or other suitable textile or felted fabric, with a layer of the plastic
compound, and I then coat the other side of the same with a compound
of boiled or oxidysed linseed oil, umber, or other materials or water-

page_text: proof compound and any suitable pigment, such as is employed in the
manufacture of oilcloth, and in some of the compounds I make use of
woollen dust to give a certain appearance to the surface; either the one
surface or the other, or both if necessary, may be printed with any
ornamental pattern, or made to resemble leather, oilcloth or other
fabrics.
In some cases for producing one surface of the above-described fabrics
instead of coating the textile or other fabric with a mixture of boiled or
oxidyzed oil and pigments, I employ for that purpose other materials,
such as woollen dust, flock, cocoa-nut fibre dust, leather waste, ground
tan, hair, bristles, cork dust, or other similar substances mixed with any
suitable adhesive materials, which may then be printed in oil or other
colours, and which may be protected by a transparent varnish, or be
of a plain surface, or may be made to resemble leather.
Another part of my Invention consists in manufacturing "kamptu-
licon" of two layers, of which the lower layer is composed of a mixture
of Trinidad pitch, india-rubber, gutta percha, and cork, whilst the upper
layer is composed of india-rubber, gutta percha, and the like, with an
admixture of such matèrials as are capable of receiving dyes, such as
flock, cocoa-nut fibre dust, leather waste, ground tan, hair, wool, or any
other similar materials.
The proportions in which the materials mentioned may be employed
for producing the compound fabric are as follows:-112 lbs. of the india-
rubber, gutta percha, or other plastic material, or mixture of such
materials to 336 lbs. of the ground cork, flock, or other fibrous or non-
plastic materials, which proportions are mixed together by the aid of
about 224 lbs. of any suitable solvent, but I in no way limit myself to
these proportions. The two layers may be combined by means of any
suitable adhesive solution, and the fabric may be rolled or submitted
to any suitable pressure or other operation. The upper surface may
have any ornamental pattern printed or otherwise produced upon it, .
or it may be left plain, or otherwise treated with mineral powder to
resemble bronze, or the common make of "kamptulicon" may be substi-
tuted with a dressing or sprinkling on the surface of bronze or other
powder at the time of finishing the same, or in any other stage of the
manufacture of "kamptulicon;" or I impart to the "kamptulicon" any
colour in the mass by giving the solvent employed in its manufacture
the requisite colour. For the purpose of greatly strengthening and to
prevent the common "kamptulicon" fabric from being broken or torn
when stretched in the act of laying it down for use, I prepare any strong,
thin, open, woven or felted fabric by either dressing or saturating the
same with hatters' cement, waterproof glue, fluid gutta percha, india-

page_text: rubber, alone or in combination, or of other strong cementing compound,
and either face the same with a coating of any thickness of the com-
pound called "kamptulicon" or its equivalent, or I face both surfaces
of the fabric or fabrics referred to as the means of imparting strength
to the "kamptulicon" or other compound. It is obvious that this
improved fabric will present two good wearing surfaces, and which may
or may not be ornamented.
Another part of my Invention consists in combining a layer of
"kamptulicon" or other similar plastic compound with a layer of any
woollen or other felted fabric for the upper surface or vice versa, the
two materials being cemented together by means of any suitable adhesive
compound and rolled or subjected to any suitable pressure. I then
print upon the surface either of the felt or of the plastic compound with
colours or other suitable materials in any suitable manner to imitate
in the one case any kind of carpet and in the other case to imitate oil-
cloth or other fabrics. In some cases I insert any open, thin, woven or
felted fabric prepared with any suitable adhesive compounds between
the two layers of different materials above-mentioned.
Another part of my Invention consists in coating one or both sides
of cocoa-nut fibre matting, or other similar textile fabrics, with a layer
of woollen pulp or mixture of pulps of various suitable materials,
cemented to the matting by any adhesive solution, and then colouring,
printing, or otherwise treating the surface.
Another part of my Invention consists in coating strong textile fabrics
of considerable substance, such as cocoa-nut fibre matting, either on
one side or on both sides with any adhesive compound, such as boiled
oil, umber, litharge, or oxidysed oil, or pigments mixed with oil, or
similar materials other than the compounds of india-rubber and gutta
percha herein-before mentioned, which first-named compounds may be
applied to the textile fabrics in a similar manner to the manufacture of
ordinary oilcloth, and the surface may be left plain, or painted,
varnished, or printed with ornamental patterns.
Another part of my Invention consists in coating, saturating, or
incorporating cocoa-nut fibre matting or other similar strong textile
fabrics with prepared asphalte or other bituminous substances, so as to
render them waterproof and applicable as coverings to floors, walls,
roofs, or other surfaces or objects which it is required to protect from
wet or damp. In some cases I mix any mineral, vegetable, or metallic
powder, sawdust, cork dust, ground tan, or any similar or suitable
material with the bituminous or other substances employed, and I some-
times first. saturate the textile fabric with cold or warm tar, or with
some bituminous substance or liquid, and then give it an outer coating

page_text: of a different bituminous substance or other suitable compound, to render
it smooth and waterproof. When required, the surface may be coated
with coloured asphalte varnish.
Another part of my Invention consists in steaming or otherwise
treating cocoa-nut fibre matting and similar strong fabrics, and treating.
the same with size or other suitable adhesive solution, and then com-
pressing the same either by rolling or in any other suitable manner, so
as to reduce the thickness of the same and render its surface more or
less smooth and capable of receiving printed patterns in oil or other
colours, or the matting may be first dyed before being subjected to
the above process.
Another part of my Invention consists in piece dyeing cocoa-nut.
matting with any suitable dye, so as to improve its appearance, or the
same may be waterproofed and dyed in the fibre before being manu-
factured into a fabric.
Another part of my Invention consists in combining textile or felted
and waterproofed fabrics of a slight nature, such as the fabric called
scrim," or a thin fabric composed of india-rubber and cotton, with
piece dyed or other felted woollen carpetting or like fabric, so as to
render waterproof and strengthen the latter, and render it capable of
resisting the penetration of dust, and to resist wear and tear more
effectually than at present; for this purpose treat the "scrim" or
other similar open material with hatters' cement, or any other suitable
adhesive and waterproof solution, and cement it either to the back
of the felted woollen carpeting, that it may more closely resemble woven.
carpeting, or I place it between two layers of the felted material,
whether dyed or not, subjecting it afterwards to suitable pressure to
ensure the perfect union of the materials. The felted surface or surfaces
may then be printed upon in the ordinary manner of printing felted
woollen carpeting, the different felted surfaces may be of the same or
different patterns, or one side may be of plain colour only, and the other
printed.
Another part of my Invention consists in the means of rendering all
felted, woven, or other carpet fabrics, or horsehair seating, which are
already manufactured, proof against water, air, and dust, in the follow-
ing manner, namely, by the application to the back of the same of a
mixture of gutta percha or india-rubber with French chalk, flock,
woollen dust, cotton or silk waste, or of any mineral, vegetable, or
metallic dust, or the like. This mixture may be composed of about
112 lbs. of india-rubber or gutta percha, and about 336 lbs. of the
fibrous or non-plastic materials employed, and these may be mixed
together by means of about 224 lbs. of any suitable solvent, but I do

page_text: not limit myself to these proportions. The surface of the mixture may
be made to resemble cloth, common velvet, or other fabrics, and may
be used when the other surface of the fabric is worn or otherwise spoilt,
or it may be temporarily turned and used when required to protect the
felted or other surface, or such fabrics may be employed for the manu-
facture of waterproof carpet bags and other waterproof articles.
Another part of my Invention consists in preparing a strong woollen
article called "tilting," for the purpose of dyeing and printing it in
colours to resemble any kind of carpeting. For this purpose I extract
by any suitable process the oil contained in it (which oil has hitherto
prevented its being dyed or printed upon), and then after previously
dyeing it or not I print upon it with patterns of any suitable design.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Henry Henson Henson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 27th July 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COMF, J, HENRY
HENSON HENSON, of No. 13, Parliament Street, Westminster, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the
twenty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry Henson Henson,
Her special licence, that I, the said Henry Henson Henson, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Henry Henson Henson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FABRICS FOR COVERING FLOORS. WALLS,
ROOFS, AND OTHER SURFACES OR OBJECTS, WHICH FABRICS ARE
APPLICABLE TO THE MANUFACTURE OF WATERPROOF ARTICLES," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry Henson Henson, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
ALSO PARTLY

page_text: Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Henson Henson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
One part of my present Invention consists in an improved combination
of the compounds of india-rubber, gutta percha, or substances having
similar properties, and cork dust, peat dust, ground leather, ground tan,
flock, oxydized oil, boiled oil, gums, resins, umber, litharge, or other
similar or fibrous materials, with a certain class of woven, plaited, or
netted fabrics of considerable strength and substance, such as cocoa-
nut fibre or other matting, the plastic or other compound being applied
as an outer coating to one or both sides of the textile fabric, by which a
great economy in the quantity of the plastic or other compound employed
is effected, and a new and cheap class of fabrics obtained, possessing all
the valuable properties of the waterproof compounds before mentioned,
combined with the great strength of the textile fabrics employed, and
which compound fabrics are thereby rendered applicable to numerous
purposes, for which the above-named plastic compounds, when used
by themselves or in combination with a textile fabric of a slight nature,
could not be employed. The cocoa-nut fibre matting or other similar
textile fabric is also thereby much improved in appearance, and when
employed as a covering for floors is deprived of its disagreeable property
of accumulating dust, which renders it at present unfit for many
purposes to which it might otherwise be applied with advantage.,
In manufacturing this improved compound fabric, I first prepare the
textile fabric in any suitable manner, such as subjecting it to pressure,
and I then treat one or both sides of the same with any suitable adhesive
cementitious solution, such as a solution of india-rubber or gutta percha
in coal tar, naptha, or other solvent, after which I lay a sheet or spread
a layer of the plastic compound on one or both sides of the textile
fabric thus prepared. The combined fabric is then subjected to pres-
sure between rollers or otherwise, and the surface of the same may be
either left plain or be printed in colors, or, in order to produce a pattern
with the smallest amount of color, it may be marked with recessed lines
to receive colour, or flock mixed with color, or varnish and flock, gold
leaf, or any preparation of gold, or bronze powder, or other similar
materials, either fluid or not, or the surface may be treated in any other
manner for ornamenting the same, according to the purpose to which
the fabric is to be applied.
In some cases I saturate, knead into, or incorporate with the textile

page_text: fabric any of the (before-mentioned plastic materials or compounds,
and I then give the same an outer coating or veneer of such like com-
pounds of the same or of a better quality, either on one or on both sides,
and with or without colour; or in some cases I simply subject the com-
pound fabric to pressure, to impart to the same a smooth surface after
such saturation, kneading, or incorporation has been effected without
afterwards giving it an outer coating of the plastic compound. The
proportions which I prefer to employ in forming the before-mentioned
compounds of india-rubber, gutta percha, and other similar substances
with fibrous or other materials, are, 112 lbs. of the india-rubber or
gutta percha, with 336 lbs. of the fibrous or other materials, mixed to-
gether by the aid of about 224 lbs. of any suitable solvent, or by any
of the known modes of mastication, but I in no way limit myself to the
above proportions.
Another part of my Invention consists in manufacturing a new fabric
consisting of any of the before-mentioned compounds of india-rubber,
gutta percha, or similar substances with other materials, such as pig-
ments for forming the under surface of any suitable woven, textile,
felted, netted, or other fabric, such as the fabrics called "scrim,"
"" can-
vass," or "hessian," and any compound of oxydized oil or. boiled oil for
the upper surface, or vice versa, such compound of oxydised or boiled
oil being formed by boiling with the oil any description of gums or
resins, in greater or less proportions, with an admixture of fibrous or
other materials, such as cork dust, peat dust, ground leather, ground
tan, flock, litharge, umber, and other pigments, according to the pur-
pose to which the fabric is to be applied. The proportions which I
prefer to employ in forming such compounds of boiled or oxydized oil
are, two parts by weight of the oxydized oil, or of boiled oil of a very
thick consistency mixed with one part by weight of the resins or gums,
but I do not limit myself to these proportions. For some purposes I
coat the one side of the fabric with a layer of the compound of india-
rubber or gutta percha, and then coat both sides with the before-men-
tioned compound of boiled or oxydised oil, or with umber or other pig-
ments, such as are employed in the manufacture of ordinary oilcloth,
also with or without an admixture of suitable fibre, woollen dust, or
other similar materials as before mentioned. In either of the before-
described compound fabrics, the one surface or the other, or both if
necessary, may be printed with any ornamental pattern for floor covers,
or the surface may be creased to resemble leather for goods, covers, and
other purposes, and in some cases I form indented lines upon the sur-
faces to receive the colors to be employed for ornamentation.
In some cases, for producing one surface of the before-described

page_text: fabrics, instead of coating the textile or other fabric with a mixture of
boiled or oxydized oil and pigments, I employ for that purpose other
materials, such as woollen dust, flock, cocoa-nut fibre dust, leather
waste, ground tan, hair, bristles, cork dust, or other suitable substances,
mixed with any suitable cementitious materials, such as waterproof
glue or varnishes, the surface of which may or may not be printed in
colours, and which may be protected by a transparent varnish, or the
surface may be creased to resemble leather.
Another part of my Invention consists in manufacturing "kamp-
tulicon" of two layers, of which the lower layer is composed of a mixturé
of Trinidad pitch, india-rubber, gutta percha and cork, whilst the upper
layer is composed of india-rubber, gutta percha, or similar substances,
or compounds of oxydized oil or boiled oil with gums or resins, with the
admixture of such materials as are capable of receiving dies, such as '
flock, cocoa-nut fibre dust, leather waste, ground tan, hair, wool, or
any other similar material, the proportions in which the various
materials are by preference employed for forming such compounds
being those herein-before set forth with reference to other parts of my
Invention. The two before-described layers may be combined by means
of any suitable cementing solution, or united while in a plastic or
adhesive state, and the fabric may be submitted to pressure by rolling
or other operation. The upper surface may have any ornamental
pattern printed or otherwise produced upon it, or it may be left plain,
or otherwise treated with mineral powder to resemble bronze, or the
common make of "kamptulicon" may be substituted for the upper
surface, with a dressing or sprinkling of bronze or other powder at the
time of finishing the same, or in any other stage of the manufacture.
Another part of my Invention consists in imparting to "kamptulicon,"
or other similiar compounds, any colour in the mass by giving the solvent
employed in its manufacture the requisite colour.
Another part of my Invention consists in manufacturing a new fabric
by first preparing any strong, thin, open, woven or felted fabric, by
either dressing or saturating the same with hatters' cement, waterproof
glue, fluid gutta percha, or india-rubber alone or in combination, or
with any other strong cementitious compound, with or without an ad-
mixture of flock or woollen dust, and I then coat or face one or both sides
of the fabric so prepared, either with "kamptulicon" or similar com-
pounds, such as a mixture of boiled oil, oxydized oil, gums, or resins, of
the proportions herein-before mentioned. If I coat only one side of.
the fabric with such compound, I sometimes previously dye the fabric.
to impart to it a suitable appearance. Such improved fabrics will then
have two good wearing surfaces, either of the same or of a different

page_text: nature, and they may or may not be ornamented by means of indented
lines and colour.
Another part of my Invention consists in combining a layer of
"kamptulicon" or other similar plastic compounds, such as a compound
of boiled or oxidized oil, with gums or resins, and other materials herein-
before mentioned, with a layer of any woollen or other felted fabric for
the upper surface, or vice versa, the two materials being cemented to-
gether by means of any suitable cementitious compounds, or at the
time when the plastic compounds are sufficiently adhesive of themselves,
and they are then subjected to suitable pressure by rolling or otherwise.
I then print upon the surface either of the felt or of the plastic com-
pound, with colours or other suitable materials in any suitable manner,
to imitate in the one case any kind of carpet, and in the other case to
imitate oilcloths or other fabrics. In some cases I insert any open,
thin, woven or felted fabric, previously prepared with any suitable
cementitious solution or compound, between the two layers of different
materials above mentioned; or I cement the same to the back of the
combined fabric, in which case I sometimes dye, colour, or print the
· exposed surface of the former.
Another part of my Invention consists in coating one side or both
sides of cocoa-nut fibre matting or other similar textile fabrics, with a
layer of woollen felt, fibre, pulp, or mixture of pulps, cemented to the
matting or other fabric by any suitable adhesive solution or compound,
and then colouring or printing the surface.
Another part of my Invention consists in coating strong textile
fabrics of considerable substance, such as cocoa-nut fibre matting, either
on one side or on both sides, with any adhesive compounds that are suit-
able for filling up, such as boiled or oxidized oil mixed with gums,
resins, umber, litharge, or similar material, other than the compounds
of india-rubber and gutta percha herein-before mentioned; such com-
pounds may be applied to the textile fabrics in a similar manner to that
employed in the manufacture of ordinary oilcloth, and the surface may
be left plain, or painted, varnished, or printed with ordinary patterns.
Another part of my Invention consists in coating, saturating, or in-.
corporating cocoa-nut fibre matting, or other similar strong textile
fabrics, with prepared asphalte or other similar bituminous substances,
so as to render them waterproof and applicable as coverings for floors,
walls, roofs, and other surfaces or objects, which it is required to pro-
tect from wet or damp. In some cases I mix fibre or any mineral,
vegetable, or metallic powder, sawdust, corkdust, ground tan, or any
similar suitable material, with the bituminous substances employed, and
I sometimes first saturate the textile fabric with cold or warm tar, or

page_text: with some bituminous substance or liquid, and then give it an outer
coating of a different bituminous substance or compound, to render the
surface smooth and waterproof. When required, the surface may be
coated with coloured asphalte varnish.
Another part of my Invention consists in steaming cocoa-nut fibre
matting and similar strong fabrics, and treating the same with prepared.
size, or any other suitable adhesive solution, and then compressing the
same either by rolling, or in any other suitable manner, so as to reduce.
the thickness of the same, and render the surface more or less smooth,.
and capable of receiving printed patterns in oil or other colours; or the
matting may be first dyed before being subjected to any of the above
processes.
"
Another part of my Invention consists in combining textile or felted
and waterproofed fabrics of a slight nature, such as the fabric called
scrim" (which may or may not be dyed or printed), or a thin fabric,
composed of india-rubber and cotton, such as the material known as
"Clark's waterproof felt," with piece dyed or other felted woollen
carpeting or similar fabric, in any stage of its manufacture, so as to
render waterproof and strengthen the latter, and render it more capable
of resisting the penetration of dust, and to resist wear and tear more
effectually than it does when made use of by itself. For this purpose
I treat the "scrim" or other similar open material, such as open canvas,
or hemp carpeting, or Clark's felt, with hatters' cement or any other
suitable adhesive and waterproof solution, and cement it to the back of
the felted woollen carpeting; or I unite the "scrim" or other similar
fabrics with the felted woollen fabric in any practicable stage of the
manufacture of the latter, so that it may more nearly resemble woven
carpeting; or I place the prepared "scrim" or other similar fabric
between two layers of the felted material, whether dyed or not, in any
convenient stage of its manufacture, subjecting the combined fabric to
a suitable pressure to ensure the perfect union of the materials. The
felted surface or surfaces may then be printed upon in the ordinary
manner of printing felted woollen carpeting; if there are two felted
surfaces, they may be of the same or of different patterns, or one side
may be of a plain colour only, and the other printed.
Another
part of
my
Invention consists in rendering all felted, woven,
or other carpet fabrics, or horsehair seating, which are already manu-
factured, proof against water, air, and dust in the following manner,
namely, by cementing to the back of the same a coating composed of a
mixture of gutta percha or india-rubber with French chalk, flock,
woollen dust, cotton or silk waste, or any mineral, vegetable, or metallic
dust or similar substances. Such mixture may be composed of about

page_text: 112 lbs. of india-rubber or gutta percha, and about 336 lbs. of the
fibrous or non-plastic materials employed, and these may be mixed to-
gether by means of about 224 lbs. of any suitable solvent; but I do not
limit myself to these proportions. By the above. means the surfaces of
the mixture when finished may be made to resemble cloth, common
velvet, or other fabrics, and may be used when the other surface of the
fabric is worn or otherwise spoilt, or the fabric may be temporarily
turned, and used when required to protect the felted or other surface
of the carpets or other fabrics, or such fabrics may be employed for the
manufacture of waterproof carpet or other bags, and other waterproof
articles.
Another part of my Invention consists in preparing a strong woollen
article called "tilting," and then dyeing and printing it in colours to
resemble any kind of carpeting. For this purpose I extract, by any
suitable known process, the oil contained in it (which oil has hitherto
prevented it being dyed or printed upon), and then, after previously
dyeing it or not, I print upon it with patterns of any suitable design.
In witness whereof, I,. the said Henry Henson Henson, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
three.
HENRY H. HENSON. (L.S.)