improvements in cон став.
Year: 1897

page_text: improvements in cон став.
I, FRANCIS WENTWORTH BREWSTER, of The Golfers' Club, Whitehall, London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to those clubs used in playing the game of golf which
serve for driving or making the long strokes and are technically known as drivers,
cleeks, spoons, pitchers and lofters, these clubs being alike in requiring to be
swung through the air to deliver their strokes, and different mainly in the varied
inclinations given to the acting face of the club-head to allow of driving the ball
ahead or of more or less lofting it according to its environment in the position in
which it may have fallen and from which it has to be struck, and in the varied
lengths given to the club-shaft to allow of the player getting more or less near
to or over the ball to play it to the best advantage; the main objects of the inven-
tion being to cause the forces involved in such a stroke as is given by the player
to the club and in such a blow as is given by the club to the ball in the game
of golf to be more practically applied than is the case in existing golf clubs and
to produce a golf club of more effective and accurate driving power and having a
less tendency to torsional movement in the handling thereof while being swung
through the air, and to cause the club to deliver a truer and more effective blow..
The improved club-head is made of yarrah, oak, or other suitable hard wood".
preferably with the grain running in the direction of its length, or may be.
made of vulcanite or the like, with its length in the direction of the stroke of the..
blow, whereby the weight and the energy of the stroke are concentrated in the
plane of the arc of the swing of the club and behind the proper point of impact
of the club-head with the ball.
To this end, the club-head is so formed and combined with the shaft that a
slight excess of its mass is in advance of the axis of the latter, it being made
of a boat-like formation in plan view symmetrically (or approximately so) on each
side of its longitudinal axis, slightly narrowing at its fore end towards its striking.
face, which is inclined relatively to the green, according to its particular. use as :
a driver, cleek, spoon, pitcher or lofter, and being extended and more sharply
tapered off at its aft end, preferably terminating in a pointed extremity in the.
plane of the arc of the swing of the centre of gravity of the club-head during the.
stroke, and in which plane the club-head is of its greatest horizontal sectionat
area.
The club-head is also made of its greatest vertical sectional area in the plane
of its longitudinal axis, and from which, viewed endwise, its bulged sides incurve
towards its top and sole; its top being rounded off and lowered towards the sides,
while its sole or under face is convexed lengthwise practically to the sweep of an
are of a radius about equal to that of the swing of the player using the club, and
is tailed off at its aft end towards the pointed extremity to ensure clearance of
the ground as the club rises after effecting the stroke, and is also recessed leaving

page_text: side skids thus minimising the frictional contact of the club-head with the ground.
If the club-head be made of wood, the fore part of the recess is shod with a
horseshoe-shaped sole-plate, which is made integral with a face-plate, and, if
required, with side lugs, to receive which, the club-head is cut away so that the
sole-plate, its face-plate and lugs will all lie even with and conform to the general
contour of the club-head.
The face-plate will vary in its inclination, conformably with that of the striking
face of the club-head, and will extend more or less up the striking face to cover-
ing the entire striking face according as the club is intended for use as a driver,
cleek, spoon, pitcher or lofter, more of the end wood of which the club-head is
made being exposed and uncovered by the face-plate the more the club is intended
for driving the ball ahead, and more of such wood being covered by the face-
plate the more the club is intended for lofting the ball.
The sole is secured to the club-head by under screws, and its face-plate is
secured thereto and prevented from springing from the striking face by screws
passing through the lugs into the head.
If, however, the club-head is made of vulcanite and the like, it will not require
to be shod or provided with the shoe and face-plate.
The aforesaid features co-act to concentrate the weight of the club-head and
the effective force of the blow in the line of the stroke and at the rear of the point
of the striking face it is desired to bring in contact with the ball, and also to reduce
the air resistance both in swinging the club back, after taking aim, preparatory
to making the stroke, and forward, in making the stroke, and ensure a well-
balanced head most agreeable to the player in allowing him to concentrate his
attention upon the trueness of his aim and stroke.
The club-head is bored through diagonally in relation to its striking position
on the green, and its upper part is morticed in the direction of the length of the
club-head, and shouldered.
The bore and mortice in the club-head serve as a seating to the correspondingly
shaped end of the club-shaft, which fits the bore and is formed with shoulders,
which take an effective seating in the mortice, and when so seated, the shaft
and club-head are secured by a pin passing through the club-head. The bore
and mortice are so situated as to cause the axis of the shaft to intersect that of
the club-head just to the rear of (or, it may be, at about) the centre of gravity
of the latter, which also operates to concentrate the energy of the blow directly
at the rear of the proper striking point of the club-head.
From where the shaft joins the head, it gradually narrows in the direction of
the stroke to a point, from which, up to the grip, the shaft is made of a circular
or approximately circular form in section. The grip is formed in lower and
upper half portions, respectively adapted for the right and left hands of the
player, each such half-length being made of an oblong formation in section, and
the two such half-lengths being adjusted in an angular relation or crosswise,
conformably with the natural gripping positions of the two hands when both
simultaneously engaged in gripping the club-handle. This formation of the handle
prevents the club from twisting in the hands, and is of immense assistance in
delivering the stroke truly, and, consequently, with the desired effect, almost
absolutely ensuring a true swing of the club and thus giving the player less to
think about when playing.
In a modification of the foregoing, especially applicable to the driver having
the least inclined striking face, the sole thereof may be made entire or without
being formed with the recess, and the striking face (if the club-head be made of
wood) may be surrounded by a narrow metal band let into the head flush with its
outer surface and with the striking face, in lieu of the sole-plate and face-plate
herein before described.
Though the improved formation of club-head is, as hereinbefore stated, especially
applicable to golf clubs which serve for driving or making the long strokes, still
the same may also be applied to those clubs which serve for making the short

page_text: strokes, such as the putter, the striking face of which latter would be made with-
out any inclination or at right angles to the green.
Dated this 13th day of April 1897.
DAY, DAVIES, & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.⚫
I, FRANCIS WENTWORTIL BREWSTER, of The Golfers' Club, Whitehall, London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to those clubs used in playing the game of golf which
serve for driving or making the long strokes and are technically known as drivers,
cleeks, spoons, pitchers and lofters, these clubs being alike in requiring to be
swung through the air to deliver their strokes, and differing mainly in the varied
inclinations given to the acting face of the club-head to allow of driving the ball
ahead or of more or less lofting it according to its environment in the position in
which it may have fallen and from which it has to be struck, and in the varied
lengths given to the club-shaft to allow of the player getting more or less near
to or over the ball to play it to the best advantage; the main objects of the inven-
tion being to cause the forces involved in such a stroke as is given
by the player to the club and in such a blow as is given by the club
to the ball in the game of golf to be more practically applied than is the case in
existing golf-clubs, and to produce a golf-club of more effective and accurate
driving power than such clubs and having a less tendency than such clubs to
torsional movement in the handling thereof while being swung through the air,
and to cause the club to deliver a truer and more effective blow.
On the accompanying drawings, in which like reference letters indicate like
parts wherever repeated;
Fig. 1, represents a front elevation of the improved club;
Fig. 2, represents a side elevation thereof;
Fig. 3, is a section on the line 1-1, Fig. 2;
Fig. 4, is a plan of the club head;
Fig. 5, is a side elevation thereof;
Fig. 6, is an aft end elevation thereof;
Fig. 7, is a fore end elevation thereof;'
Figs. 8, and 9, are sections respectively through 3-3, and 4-4, Fig. 5;
And Fig. 10, is a diagram representing different angles given to the fore end
of the club-head according to its intended use as a driver, cleek, spoon, pitcher
or lofter, or as a putter.
Figs. 1, and 2, are drawn to a reduced scale.
A, represents the improved club-head, which is made of yarrah, oak, briarwood
or other suitable hard wood preferably with the grain running in the direction
of its length, or may be made of vulcanite or the like, with its length in the
direction of the stroke of the blow, whereby the weight and momentum of the
club-head and the energy of the stroke are concentrated in the plane of the arc
of the swing of the club and behind the proper point of impact of the club-head
with the ball.
To this end, the club-head is so formed and combined with the shaft that a

page_text: slight excess of its mass is in advance of the axis of the shaft, it being made of a
boat-like formation in plan view (vide Fig. 4,) symmetrical (or approximately so)
on each side of its longitudinal axis, slightly narrowing at its fore end towards
its striking face, a', which is inclined relatively to the green, according to its
particular use as a driver, cleek, spoon, pitcher or lofter, and being extended and
more sharply tapered off at its aft end, preferably terminating in an obtusely
pointed extremity, a², lying in or approximately in the plane of the arc of the
swing of the centre of gravity of the club-head during the stroke, and in which
plane the club head is of its greatest horizontal sectional area.
The club-head is also made of its greatest vertical sectional area in the plane
of its longitudinal axis, vide Fig. 8, and from which, viewed endwise (vide Fig. 9,)
its sides, a³, incurve towards its top and sole; its top, a, being flat or slightly
convexed and rounded off into the sides, while its sole or under face, a³, is flat or
may be slightly hollowed and is convexed lengthwise practically to the sweep of
an are of a radius about equal to that of the swing of the player using the club,
and is tailed off at its aft end, a, towards its extremity, a², to ensure clearance
of the green as the club rises after effecting the stroke.
If the club-head be made of wood, its fore part is shod with a metal sole-plate, c,
made integral with a face-plate, e¹, and, if required, with side lugs, c³, to eceive
which, the club-head is cut away so that the sole-plate, its face-plate and lugs will
all lie even with and conform to the general contour of the club-head.
The face-plate, c', will vary in its inclination, conformably with that of the
striking face of the club-head, and will extend more or less up the striking face,
vide x, x, x2, or may cover the entire striking face, as at y, as represented by
the double dotted lines in Fig. 10, accordingly as the club is intended for use as a
driver, cleek, spoon, pitcher or lofter, more of the end wood of which the club head
is made being left exposed and uncovered by the face-plate the more the club is
intended for driving the ball ahead, and more of such wood being covered by the
face-plate the more the club is intended for lofting the ball.
The sole, c, is secured to the club-head by under screws, c³, and its face-plate
is prevented from springing from the striking face by screws, c, passing through
the lugs into the head."
If, however, the club is made of vulcanite or the like, it will not require to be
shod or provided with the shoe, c, and face-plate, c¹.
The aforesaid features co-act to concentrate the weight of the club-head and
the effective force of the blow in the line of the stroke and at the rear of the
point of the striking face it is desired to bring in contact with the ball, and also
to reduce the air resistance both in swinging the club back, after taking aim,
preparatory to making the stroke, and forward, in making the stroke, and ensure
a well-balanced head most agreeable to the player in allowing him to concentrate
his attention upon the trueness of his aim and stroke.
The club-head is bored through at a³, diagonally in relation to its striking
position on the green, vide Fig. 9, and its upper part is morticed in the direction
of its length, and shouldered at all, vide Fig. 8.
The bore and mortice in the club-head serve as a seating to the correspondingly
shaped end, 6, of the club-shaft, B, which fits the bore and is formed with
shoulders, 63, which take an effective seating in the mortice, and, when so seated,
the shaft and club-head are secured by a pin, d, passing through the club-head.
The bore and mortice are so situated as to cause the axis of the shaft to intersect
that of the club-head just to the rear of (or, it may be, at about) the centre of
gravity of the latter, which also operates to concentrate the energy of the blow
directly at the rear of the proper striking point of the club-head.
From where the shaft joints the head, it gradually narrows (vide Fig. 2,) in the
direction of the stroke to the point, 64, from which, up to the grip, o, the shaft is
made of a circular or approximately circular form in section. The grip from 65,
to 66, is formed in lower and upper half portions, 67, 68, respectively adapted for the
right and left hands of the player, each such half-length being made of an oblong

page_text: formation in section, and the two such half-lengths being adjusted in an angular
relation or crosswise, conformably with the natural gripping positions of the
two hands when both simultaneously engaged in gripping the club-handle. This
formation of the handle prevents the club from twisting in the hands, and is of
immense assistance in delivering the stroke truly, and, consequently, with the
desired effect, almost absolutely ensuring a true swing of the club and thus giving
the player less to think about when playing.
:
In a modification of the foregoing, especially applicable to the driver having
the least, inclined striking face, the striking face (if the club-head be made of wood)
may be surrounded by a narrow metal band let into the head flush with its outer
surface and with the striking face, in lieu of the club-head being fitted with the
sole-plate, c, and face-plate, c¹, hereinbefore described.
Though the improved formation of club-head is, as hereinbefore stated, especially
applicable to golf-clubs which serve for driving or making the long strokes, still
the same may also be applied to those clubs which serve for making the short strokes,
such as the putter, the striking face of which latter would be made without any
inclination or at right angles to the green, vide the dotted line, z, Fig. 10.
The club-head need not be made of the exact relative width and length repre-
sented on the drawings, as the length and the width thereof may each be deter-
mined by and as most suitable to the particular use of the club.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:―
1. A golf club head for driving or making the long strokes, made with its length
in the direction of its stroke and of a boat-like shape slightly narrowing from its
mid-cross section towards its striking face, more sharply tapering off to its aft end,
curved at its bottom longitudinally to the swing of the club, tailed off at its aft
end, bored angularly through with an upper shouldered mortice extending length-
wise of the head, and, if made of wood, shod with a metal sole-plate made integral
with a face-plate and side lugs, substantially as herein before described.
2. In combination with the subject matter of Claim 1, a club shaft shaped and
shouldered correspondingly to the bore and mortice in the club-head and gradually
narrowing in the direction of the stroke and assuming a circular or approximately
circular form in section up to the grip, and formed with a grip made of upper
and lower portions respectively of an oblong formation in section and set at an
angular relation to each other, the club head and shaft being held together by a
through pin, as set forth.
3. The modifications of the foregoing hereinbefore described.
Dated this 12th day of February 1098.
DAY, DAVIES, & HUNT,
Chartered Patent Agents, 321, High Holborn, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.