IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WHEELS FOR PRINTING TELE- GRAPHS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan Brown, of the Firm of Brandon
and Morgan Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, South-
ampton Buildings, London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, for tho
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WHEELS FOR PRINTING TELE-
GRAPHS."A communication from abroad by Robert H. Gallaher,
of the City, County, and State of New York, United States of
America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan Brown
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 9th July 1872.
I, WILLIAM MORGAN BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan
Brown, Engineers and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London, and 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WHEELS FOR PRINTING
TELEGRAPHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in type wheels for
printing telegraphs, by means of which the transmission of messages

page_text: can be accelerated, and I accomplish this by using in connection with
or in place of the ordinary type wheel or wheels with the common type,
a type wheel or wheels with either fixed or movable type.
Each type,
By this
or some of which, bearing a monogram, device, symbol, figure, or sign
can be employed to denote the information required to be transmitted,
whether in the operations of the Stock Exchange, commercial business,
weather reports, news, or other information of any class.
arrangement I am enabled frequently by the transmission of one signal
to convey information which would otherwise require many signals, and
by the employment of special sets of type for the special class of infor-
mation being sent the transmission of messages is facilitated to a great
extent.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Morgan Brown in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 4th January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MORGAN BROWN, of the Firm of Brandon and Morgan Brown, Engineers
and Patent Agents, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London, and 13, Ruc
Gaillon, Paris, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Morgan Brown, Her special license
that I, the said William Morgan Brown, my executors, administrators,
ánd assigns, or such others as I, the said William Morgan Brown, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN TYPE WHEELS FOR PRINTING TELEGRAPHS," a communication
to me from abroad by Robert H. Gallaher, of the City, County, and
State of New York, United States of America, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Morgan Brown, my executors

page_text: or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Morgan Brown, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for object improvements in type wheels for printing
telegraphs, by means of which the transmission of messages can be
accelerated, and I accomplish this by using in connection with or in
place of the ordinary type wheel or wheels with the common type a
type wheel or wheels with either fixed or movable type. Each type or
some of which bearing a monogram, device, symbol, figure, or sign can be
employed to denote the information required to be transmitted, whether
in the operations of the Stock Exchange, commercial business, weather
reports, news, or other information of any class. By this arrangement
I am enabled frequently by the transmission of one signal to convey
information which would otherwise require many signals, and by the
employment of special sets of type for the special class of information
being sent the transmission of messages is facilitated to a great extent.
This Invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the
accompanying Drawings, Figures 1 to 10.
The nature of my improvements does not refer to printing telegraphic
instruments or other printing machines or devices proper, but relates
more especially to an attachment or appliance thereto; and consists
of one or more rotary wheels, drums, cylinders, rollers, disks, or planes
provided with or having formed on the circumference or periphery
thereof monogrammic initials or other compound or combined letters,
signs, symbols, emblems, figures, or numbers, the object of which
arrangement and combination is to greatly facilitate and expedite as
well as to diminish labor and expence, and the wear and tear of instru-
ments employed in telegraphic communications, more especially in
connection with varied commercial operations or business pursuits, and

page_text: the transactions connected with the quotations of purchases and sales of
stocks, bonds, and other securities.
My improvements can also be adapted to marine and submerged
telegraphs, and will be found valuable in connection with the signal
service reports where telegraphic printing machines may be used to
convey condensed yet comprehensive reports by representing on the
printing wheel such signs as may be adopted to designate the different
conditions of the weather at various points.
Deeming it unnecessary herein to describe the mechanical operation
or the mechanism of telegraphic machines or instruments I confine my
Specification to what I claim as new and improved devices, appliances,
or attachments which are readily susceptible of being connected to and
used with any printing telegraphic machine or instrument.
It is contemplated furthermore to use these devices or appliances in a
variety of ways for various purposes not essential here to be specified.
In the several modes now employed to communicate the state or
condition of the stock market by telegraphic medium or transmission
various devices are used in the form of one or more rotating wheels or
drums actuated by the electric current, said devices being provided with
the ordinary individual or separate alphabetic and numeral figures or
characters distributed or arranged in order and relative positions one to
the other at proper intervals around the periphery or circumference of
said wheels or drums and made a fixture or permanent part thereof, an
impression of which is represented in Figure 9.
In the form of devices now used in communicating the state or
condition of the stock market the telegraphic operator sets in motion
the mechanical devices, causing the wheel or wheels to rotate over a
fillet or ribbon like strip of paper, and for each and every letter or figure
or fraction required to be denoted a separate and distinct manipulation
is made therefor by the operator at different intervals of time, thus
expressing or denoting by several separate letters or figures the name of
the kind of stocks, bonds, or securities and the quantity as well as prices
thereof (see Figure 9). In such case the initial letters are separate,
whereas in my method the letters are combined or monogrammic (see
Figure 10).
In the application and use of my monogrammic devices but one
distinct or single manipulation is sufficient to denote or imprint two,

page_text: three, or more characters at one and the same time denoting a multitude
of letters or figures, as shewn in Figures 2 and 3, and Figures 7 and 8,
and within a condensed space, so that it is evident my improvements
have greater advantages than any other printing telegraphic machine in
use (see Figure 10 at a, c, d); for if by my devices one single pulsa-
tion of the electric current is made to express or denote two or more
characters or signs at one and the same time (see a, c, d, Figure 10),
instead of requiring a separate manipulation and pulsation for each and
every distinct letter, figure, or communication, great economy of labor
and space is attained, a much greater facility of dispatch is produced,
and the wear and tear of the instrument avoided, together with a very
great saving of materials used in connection therewith, a reduction of
space and a less amount of fillet being required (see Figure 10), con-
sequently it is claimed that for all business purposes by the use of my
monogrammic devices and arrangement there is a very great saving of
time in communicating quotations of prices from the stock exchange to
the offices of bankers and brokers.
At least two or three hundred per cent. more quotations can be sent
by the use of my wheels than by the wheels now in use in the same
space of time. Moreover, in the use of the devices now employed great
confusion of letters and figures is often produced on the fillet of paper
because of the numerous manipulations of the machine necessary to
produce the separate and distinct letters and figures representing the
names, quantities, and prices of stocks or other securities as they havo
to be reported when the various fluctuations and transactions occur at
the Stock Exchange. Said rapid and repeated manipulations of the
transmitting instrument cause the type wheels of the printing machine
to be thrown out of gear, and consequently produces a confused and
unintelligible report.
Another peculiar feature of my improvements is that one or more or
all of the monogrammic emblems may be made attachable and detach-
able if desired by being dovetailed or inserted in any suitable manner
into the periphery of the wheel, the object of which is to meet the
requirements by substituting one monogram for another in the event of
any special change of name in the stocks or other securities called at the
This substitution
Stock Exchange, from which quotations are sent.
renders it unnecessary to make an entire new type wheel (see letters b,
b, b, c, d, Figures 4, 5, and 6).

page_text: Figures 5 and 6 shew faces of the type c, d, and represent the dove-
tail monogrammic type detached.
Figures 7 and 8 represent the key to the meaning of the monogrammic
signs or symbols..
Figure 9 represents a fillet roll of paper such as is used in furnishing
despatches, the letters and figures shewn being such as are now used
in the stock printing telegraphic operations, said letters and figures
being separate and apart.
Figure 10 represents a fragment or part of a fillet of paper shewing
the impression of my monogrammic letters and symbols in contrast with
the single alphabetic signs and the ordinary well-known numerals and
their fractions, the same being represented in Figure 9.
I do not claim the Invention of monogrammic initial type, dies, nor
engraved plates, such having been used in various ways in letter-press
printing or embossing; but what I do claim as my Invention and desire
to secure by Letters Patent is,―
1. A monogrammic wheel, drum, cylinder, roller, disc, or plane pro-
vided with or having formed and arranged on and around the periphery,
rim, or circumference or face thereof in any suitable manner abbre-
viated and condensed combinations of letters, emblems, signs, symbols,
characters, figures, trade marks, or numerals to represent names, shew
quantity, denote kind, and express rate of value of any railroad stock,
bonds, or other securities or commodity of commerce, the said devices
combined in operation and used in connection with any kind or system
of electro-magnetic or telegraphic or other printing machinery for the
purpose of communications, substantially as set forth and represented
in the accompanying diagrams.
2. The combination of my monogrammic wheels provided with their
several peculiar signs and symbols with a system of single or double
arrangement of wheels, drums, rollers, or cylinders, having plain separate
alphabetic letters, numerals, figures, or fractions, and producing similar
impressions and communications to what are shewn on the fillet repre-
sentation in Figure 9.
3. The combination of my monogrammic wheels, drum, cylinder,
roller, disc, or plane, as aforesaid, with their peculiar signs or symbols
with any magnet or helas or electro-magnets or helases and their

page_text: armatures operated by electricity, having for their object through any
ratchet wheel or its equivalent the rotation of said wheel or wheels,
drums, cylinders, or rollers, or the moval in a horizontal line of said
disc or plane.
In witness whereof,. I, the said William Morgan Brown, have
bercunto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
WILLIAM MORGAN BROWN. (L.S.)