Year: 1885

page_text: I, GUSTAVE HERTZOG, of rue de Courlancy Reims (Marne) France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to a method of moulding small castings by hydraulic
pressure, which I will proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying
drawings. Sheets I and II shew one arrangement of machine for this purpose;
Figs. 1 and 2 sheet I shew a vertical section and a plan and Fig. 1 sheet II is an
elevation.
.
It consists of an open cylindrical casing A in which is fixed a cross frame B with
central bush, supported by columns C bolted thereto, the columns being adjustable in
height by means of screw nuts D bearing upon the base E'E' which is the movable
table of a hydraulic press. The central bush of the cross frame carries a pinion G
to which is fixed a screw nut and which gears with a second pinion H, the shaft of
which is rotated by means of the chain wheels and pitch chain I J, the axis of the
wheel J carrying a hand wheel K by which it can be rotated. This axis is carried
by the upright L. Through the nut G passes a screw spindle M the upper end of
which is attached to the crosshead N by means of two nuts. The screw M has a
longitudinal groove into which takes a feather in the hole of the crosshead N,
whereby the screw is prevented from rotating, so that by the rotation of the nut G
the screw together with the crosshead N are made to rise and fall. The four ends
a aa a of the crosshead project through slots in the framing A and slide between
cheeks bb, that are adjusted by the screws d d, and are then secured by other
screws c c to the framing A. This machine is adapted for moulding a group of small
castings round a central git; in the drawing I have shewn by way of example the
moulding of six projectile bases g g, arranged in a circle round a git Z with three
runners. The patterns are fixed on a disc O having four lugs by which it is
attached to the crosshead N by means of four bolts f. The patterns g pass up
through a second plate P secured by columns Q from the frame B. The plate P
serves as support to the top disc R strengthening this to withstand the pressure to
which it is subjected by the hydraulic press. The disc R is also supported at its
circumference by the framing A, to which it is secured by screws.
The piece Z forming the pattern for the runner is separate from the disc R, and is
supported on columns i from the plate O. The extent of upward motion of the.
screw M and plate O is regulated by stops ; on the latter for regulating the
extent to which the patterns project up beyond the plane m n of the disc R;
thus regulating the depth of the mould for the castings. It will be seen from the
above that the movable parts of the apparatus are all supported upon the cross-

page_text: head N, which in its turn is supported partly by the screw M, cross frame B,
columns C', framing A and press table E, and partly by the projections a resting
upon the movable ring a¹ which can slide round upon a circular flange of the
framing A, so that the part op passes under the projections a of N and thus
support it when the pressure is being exerted. On the completion of the moulding
operation, the ring a¹ is turned back so as to bring the notch q under the pro-
jections a, and thus allow the crosshead; together with the patterns to descend to
the point 78.
The ring a¹ is provided with handles a' by which the operator can
turn it either with his knees or with his hands.
Figs. 2 and 3 sheet II shew respectively by plan and section how the flask is
set on the table R of the machine, a set screw x being used to force it up against
brackets y.y which enter notches in its flange. On sheet IV is shewn in sectional
elevation and plan at Figs. 1 and 2 the superposition of two flasks w w forming a
complete mould box, upon a plate having sufficiently high brackets y y to take two
flasks, and a support with two screws ac for securing each flask correctly in
position.
Fig. 3 sheet III and Fig. 3 sheet IV shew in elevation and plan the arrangement
of the machine as above described placed on the table B of the hydraulic press, as
indicated. There are here shewn two moulding presses each consisting of a
hydraulic cylinder on the platform of which placed the moulding machine 3, 4,
one of which serves for moulding the upper half and the other for the lower half
of the mould, while above these are abutments 1, 2, for taking the pressure. Fig. 2
sheet 111 and Fig. 4 sheet IV shew elevation and plan of the pumps and accumu-
lators for working the presses. The two presses are similar, each consisting of a
cylinder A its platform B and a head D held by nuts e f on four screwed
columns C. From the head D projects downwards a sheath E in which fits a
plunger F with 4 key ways and keys permitting it to be slid by a handle g but
not to turn, this plunger being balanced by a counterweight H. By drawing
down F till its keys are below the sheath E and turning it partly round they butt
against the metal of E which supports it against the hydraulic pressure. On the lower
end of F there is a boss G which enters the sand box k that is placed on the flask
charged with the required quantity of sand. The head D is adjusted by the
nuts ef to suit the depth of sand so that there is no unnecessary movement of the
hydraulic ram required for different depths, the only movement required being
that which has to give the pressure and then leave the space between hi and the
flask free for placing the flask and the sand box and theu for removing them after
the operation. Obviously the plunger F could be screwed into E or otherwise
arranged to be fixed at any required level. A compressed air pipe I has a stop
cock and a flexible tube attached to it, so that the workman can direct a blast of
air on any part to blow away the sand. K is a valve box provided with 3 levers, L,
which opens a valve admitting moderate pressure into the cylinder to effect the
first part of the stroke without expending high pressure water, L', which opens a
valve to admit high pressure water for a small part of the stroke at last, and L to
discharge the water, the water under pressure being supplied by pipes M¹ N¹ from
accumulators M N and being discharged by pipes P¹ P back at O to the pumps
which supply the accumulators by pipes QQ On examining the plan sheet IV
it will be seen that at A¹ there is a store of empty flasks, at is the sand suitable
for moulding which may be taken from a store X¹ or brought to C¹ by an elevator
from a lower floor, where the engine pumps and accumulators may also be situated.
The sand is brought by a truck C¹ to a workman at D¹ who can deliver it right
and left to the boxes at B' B'. After fixing the patterns on the presses, the flasks
are put thereon, the sand boxes filled and scraped to level, the plunger F is drawn
down and turned in its stationary position, and the workman moves first the
levers L and then L.
It will be seen that the greater part of the work will be done by the water at
low.pressure. The water at high pressure only moves the press through a small
fraction of an inch, thus reducing the expenditure of this water to a minimum,

page_text: The rails F¹ F are brought into the position F turning on hinges at G¹ G¹¹.
The patterns of the moulding machine are lowered after having turned back the
supporting ring a¹ (sheets I and II) and the discharging lever of the press is turned
for lowering.
The moulded flask then remains suspended on the rails F, the moulding table
being lowered, and the operator pushes the flask to H. A moulder situated at M¹¹
slides the flask into a fork at 11 mounded on trunnions and shewn in side view at
Fig. 5 sheet IV and turns it over by the lever K' and then slides it on to the
table L'. Here the flask is prepared for casting, and after fixing the cores it is
placed either by hand or by a crane on to the mould truck shewn in elevation and
plan at Figs. 6 and 7 sheet IV, consisting of a platform on which are fixed
uprights Q, the angles q q of which exactly fit the notches (Fig. 2 sheet II) of
the flasks, which are thus held accurately in position until they are secured by the
crossheads P¹, for the casting operation. After casting, the flasks are removed
from the truck and replaced in the store. The moulding machine is then prepared
for a fresh moulding operation, being cleansed by an air blast, and the above
described operation is repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1, The use of apparatus arranged and operating substantially as herein described
for moulding by hydraulic pressure.
2, In hydraulic moulding apparatus the arrangement for fixing the crosshead N
and supporting it to withstand the requisite pressure, as herein described.
3, The arrangement described for guiding the crosshead N, so as to obtain the
necessary accuracy and rigidity while affording sufficient freedom of motion.
4, The arrangement described of the hand wheel and gear K. I. J. for actuating
the moulding mechanism.
5, The arrangement of supporting frame P for supporting the weaker parts of
the moulding table R.
6, The construction of the flasks with notches for holding them in position so
as to dispense with trunnions, as described with reference to Figs. 2 and 3
sheet II.
7, The use of hinged guides for siezing and supporting the flask while the
hydraulic press is lowered and for sliding it without raising on to the appliance
serving to turn it over, substantially as herein described.
8, The construction of a mould carriage for holding a number of moulds while
casting, substantially as herein described.
9, The arrangement of the movable balanced plunger for reducing as much as
possible the travel of the press, substantially as herein described.
10, The herein described arrangement for bringing the plunger F of the press
with its boss G in the required position in the sand box and supporting it there
while subject to the moulding pressure.
11, The arrangement of the head D of the moulding press upon screw threaded
columns C with adjusting nuts, for accurately regulating the height of the plunger.
D
12
JFC10or
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.