Measuring Apparatus for use in Conjunction with Lathes and other Machine Tools for Automatically Indicating and Controlling the Depth of Cut of the Cutting Tools in such Machines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Apr., 1892,
Complete Specification Left, 29th Aug., 1892—Accepted, 15th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Measuring Apparatus for use in Conjunction with Lathes and other
Machine Tools for Automatically Indicating and Controlling the
Depth of Cut of the Cutting Tools in such Machines.
I, AUGUST MIEBACH, of Mittelstrasse 16, Erfurt, Germany, Turner, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to measuring apparatus adapted to be employed in
connection with lathes, boring machines, milling machines and similar machine
tools for treating metal, wood, and other materials by means of a chisel or
having a chisel-like action, which apparatus indicates to the workman in an
automatic manner the measurement of the turning boring or milling, according to a
given initial measurement (calibre) found by a preliminary turning boring or milling
operation. The apparatus is also designed to prevent the article to be treated from
being machined beyond the desired extent, which is effected by the apparatus
preventing the slide rest or tool holder from moving too near to the article.
The apparatus acts automatically and controls automatically the work performed
by the cutting tool. The frame of the measuring apparatus is fixed by suitable
means such as screws or clamping plates on the lower supporting carriage, which
effects solely the longitudinal movement along the bed, whilst a pressure rod is
adjustably connected, in such a manner as to be capable of being fixed, with the
slide rest or tool holder that moves towards the work that is being operated upon,
said pressure rod acting, through the medium of suitable multiplying lever
mechanism, upon the pointer of the apparatus. Supposing an article is to be
reduced in diameter by a determined amount say for example 4 millimetres, the
pressure rod is set in such a manner that the pointer of the apparatus shall point
to a corresponding extent away from the zero point of the scale, when the tool is
situated close up to the work to be turned. The pressure rod is then firmly fixed
and consequently through the medium of the measuring apparatus allows the slide
rest or tool holder to move forward only to the exact extent indicated by the

page_text: and the apparatus indicates this amount on one side only, that is to say, for the
radius, the lever arms of the two armed lever fare so proportioned, and the scale a¹
is so divided that it indicates the amount of turning having the diameter as unit.
The frame, which carries the pivot 6 of the pointer c and the pivot 7 of the lever f
is adjustably fixed on a standard n by means of a screw sleeve m. The standard n,
which is fixed to the lower support p of the lathe or machine tool by means of
clamping plates o carries the cross sleeve i. The said sleeve (see Figs. 7 to 10)
consists of a vertically movable casing q and a casing r which carries the measuring
rod k and is capable of adjustment with respect to the casing q by means of
adjusting mechanism, such as wheels and worm t, or by other means, so that the
inclination of the rod k towards the lever g can be varied for the purpose of
correcting if required the amount of travel of the lever g. A vernier can be
provided for accurately adjusting the casing with relation to the casing g.
Against the head k' of the measuring rod k there acts a pressure rod v which is
movable in the casing and can be fixed by means of a set screw. The casing
is mounted on the vertical rod of which is connected by means of clamping plates v³,
screws or other connecting means, with the slide rest or tool holder w of the machine
tool, see Figs. 12 and 13.
The rod u is, for the purpose of more convenient and easy adjustment, formed at
its rear end with a head and it could, similarly to the measuring rod k, be
provided on its surface with a divided scale. A spring a pressing against the
lever as shewn, or arranged in any other suitable manner, serves to bring the
pointer automatically to the highest division of the scale a¹. Stop pins y and y¹
limit the amount of travel of the pointer c. The mounting and use of the apparatus
is as follows:-
==
The measuring apparatus is with its frame a fixed on the lower supporting
carriage of the lathe boring or milling machine, whilst the rod v is fixed to the
slide rest or tool holder by means of the clamping plates v³. The adjustment of
the
pressure rod 1, of the frame a and of the cross sleeve i is effected by placing
the pressure rod v opposite to the head k of the measuring rod k, the conical end h
thereof entering a centre hole provided in the lever arm g.
A small shoulder z is first turned on or in the article to be turned or bored, if
such a shoulder does not already exist, and the depth of the shoulder is measured.
The radial depth of this shoulder enables the turner to determine the amount by
which the article to be turned is to be diminished in external diameter or the article
to be bored is to be increased in internal diameter. For example, let this amount
be assumed to be 4 millimetres. Then the workman advances the slide rest or
tool holder until the point of the cutting tool just touches the article to be turned.
Then by means of the screw he sets the rod vin such a manner that as it bears
against the head k¹ of the rod k it rotates the lever fand with it the pointer c to an
extent corresponding to the amount to be turned off that is in the present example
4 millimetres. Then the pressure rode is fixed by means of the said screw v.
The workman can now by advancing the slide rest or tool holder, advance the tool
towards the work and thus turn down the work to the extent indicated upon the
scale. The pressure rod u advances also with the latter, and presses by the medium
of the measuring rod k, the pointer to the zero point of the scale. The workman
can take a cut in one or more stages, the pointer c moving towards the zero point
to an extent equal to double the thickness of the cut. When the measure fixed
upon has been completely turned down, the pointer c bears against the stop pin yl
at the zero point of the scale, and as the pointer is connected by the lever
mechanism gf and the rods kv, with the tool carriage, the latter cannot be
advanced any further without using greater force.
When different diameters or calibres are to be turned or bored the pointer need
not be set for each diameter or calibre in such a manner that when the article has
been turned or bored to that diameter or calibre the pointer c will strike against
stop y, but the pointer may be otherwise adjusted as desired, and it is then the
office of the workman to follow the movement of the pointer over the scale a¹ and

page_text: to stop the advance of the tool when the pointer reaches some predetermined point
upon the scala.
In order that the screw sleeve m and the cross sleeve i shall remain at the same
distance from each other they may both be rigidly connected together.
The fact that the apparatus automatically indicates the amount of machining
according to a turned or bored shoulder (calibre), renders callipers superfluous and
the operation is thus rendered more exact; furthermore by using the apparatus a
considerable amount of time is saved because the apparatus indicates automatically
the variation in diameter, and it is not necessary to throw the machine tool out of
operation for the purpose of accurately measuring the diameter. Finally, a more
accurate turning is ensured by the indication of the measurements on an enlarged
scale.
Dated this 2nd do of April 1899
AUGUST MIEBACH,
By L. W., per F. B.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Measuring Apparatus for use in Conjunction with Lathes and other
Machine Tools for Automatically Indicating and Controlling the
Depth of Cut of the Cutting Tools in such Machines.
I, AUGUST MIEBACH, of Mittelstrasse 16, Erfurt, Germany, Turner, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to measuring apparatus adapted to be employed in
connection with lathes, boring machines, milling machines, and similar machine
tools for treating metal, wood and other materials by means of cutting tools having
a chisel-like action. The apparatus is designed to indicate to a workman, in an
automatic manner, the measurement of the turning boring or milling, with reference
to a given initial measurement determined by a preliminary turning boring or milling
operation. The apparatus is also designed to prevent the article being treated from
being machined beyond the desired extent, which is effected by the apparatus
preventing the slide rest or tool holder from moving too near to the article under
treatment, the apparatus acting automatically to control the action of the cutting
tool.
The frame of the measuring apparatus is fixed by suitable means such as screws
or clamping plates to the lower supporting carriage that effects the movement of
the tool lengthwise of the bed (hereinafter called the tool carriage) and is provided
with a pressure rod that is adjustably connected with the slide rest or tool holder
that moves towards the work that is being operated upon the said pressure rod
acting, through the medium of suitable multiplying lever mechanisin, upon the
pointer of the apparatus. Supposing an article is to be reduced in diameter by a
determined amount, say for example 4 millimetres, the pressure rod is set in such
a manner that the pointer of the apparatus will point to a corresponding extent
away from the zero point of the scale when the tool is situated close up to the
work to be turned. The pressure rod is then firmly fixed and through the medium
of the measuring apparatus allows the slide rest or tool holder to move forward
only to the exact extent indicated by the pointer.
In the drawings left with my Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation.

page_text: Figs. 7, 89 and 10 illustrate the adjustable cross sleeve for guiding the measuring
rod hereinafter referred to, Fig. 7 being a front elevation; Fig. 8 a side elevation;
Fig. 9 a plan; and Fig. 10 a vertical section on the line c d Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a plan of the sleeve and clamping plate for guiding the pressure rod
hereinafter referred to.
Figs. 12 and 13 illustrate respectively in front elevation and plan, the arrange-
ment of the apparatus on the tool carriage of a lathe.
are so
The measuring apparatus is constructed to indicate the amount of the turning,
boring or milling to an enlarged scale on a divided arc or scale a' fixed to the frame.
Over this arc or scale moves a pointer c pivoted at 6 and to the lower arm d of
- which there is jointed a connecting rod e (Figs. 1 to 4). The latter is connected
with a two armed lever against whose longer arm g abuts the measuring rod k
which is provided with a conical end and is guided in the adjustable cross sleeve i.
Since in turning or boring, the amount of the turning has the diameter of the
work as the unit, and the apparatus indicates the extent of turning or boring on one
side only, that is to say, for the radius, the arms of the two armed lever j
proportioned, and the scale a' is so divided, that it indicates the amount of turning
with reference to the diameter of the work. The frame, which carries the pivot b
of the pointer c and the pivot 1 of the lever ƒ, is adjustably fixed on a standard n
by means of a screw sleeve m. The standard n, which is fixed to the lower
support p of the lathe or machine tool by means of clamping plates o, carries the
cross sleeve. The said sleeve (see Figs. 7 to 10) consists of a vertically movable
casing and a casing r which carries the measuring rod k and is capable of
adjustment with respect to the casing 9 by means of suitably adjusting mechanism,
such as wheels and worm t, so that the inclination of the rod k towards the lever g
can be varied for the purpose of correcting if required the amount of travel of the
lever g. A vernier u can be provided for accurately adjusting the casing r with
relation to the casing q.
τ
Against the head of the measuring rod k there acts a pressure rod which is
movable in the casing and can be fixed by means of a set screw . The
casing is mounted on the vertical rod which is connected by means of clamping
plates, screws or other connecting means, with the slide rest or tool holder w of
the machine tool, see Figs. 12 and 13.
The rod is, for the purpose of more convenient and easy adjustment, formed
at its rear end with a head and it could, similarly to the measuring rod k, be
provided on its surface with a divided scale. A spring a pressing against the
lever as shewn, or arranged in any other suitable manner, serves to bring the
pointer automatically to the highest division of the scale a¹. Stop pins y and yl
serve to limit the amount of travel of the pointer c. The mounting and use of the
apparatus is as follows:-
The measuring apparatus is with its frame a fixed to the tool carriage of the
lathe boring or milling machine, whilst the pressure rod is fixed to the slide
rest or tool holder by means of the clamping plates v. The adjustment of
the pressure rod of the frame a, and of the cross sleeve i, is effected by placing
the pressure rod opposite to the head ¹ of the measuring rod k, the conical
end h thereof entering a centre hole provided in the lever arm g.
"
A small shoulder z is first turned on or in the article to be turned or bored, if
such a shoulder does not already exist, and the depth of the shoulder is measured.
The radial depth of this shoulder enables the turner to determine the amount
by which the article to be turned is to be diminished in external diameter or
the article to be bored is to be increased in internal diameter. For example,
let this amount be assumed to be 4 millimetres. Then the workman advances
the slide rest or tool holder until the point of the cutting tool just touches the
article to be turned; then by means of the screw he sets the rod in such a
manner that as it bears against the head of the rod k, it rotates the lever f
and with it the pointer c to an extent corresponding to the amount to be turned
off that is in the present example 4 millimetres. Then the pressure rod v is

page_text: fixed by means of the said screw . The workman can now by advancing the
slide rest or tool holder advance the tool towards the work and thus turn down
the work to the extent indicated upon the scale. The pressure rod advances
with the slide rest or tool holder and presses the pointer through the medium of
the measuring rod k to the zero point of the scale. The workman can remove the
desired amount of material in one or more cuts, as desired, the pointer c moving
towards the zero point to an extent equal to double the thickness of the cut.
When the measure fixed upon has been completely turned down, the pointer c
bears against the stop pin y' at the zero point of the scale, and as the pointer is
connected by the lever mechanism gf, and the rod with the slide rest or tool
holder, the latter cannot be advanced any further without using greater force.
ช
When different diameters or calibres are to be turned or bored, the pointer
need not be set for each diameter or calibre in such a manner that when the
article has been turned or bored to the desired diameter or calibre the pointer
will strike against stop y'. In this case the pointer may be adjusted to any
desired extent, and it is then the office of the workman to follow the movement of
the pointer over the scale a¹ and to stop the advance of the tool when the pointer
reaches some predetermined point upon the scale.
In order that the screw sleeve m and the cross sleeve i shall remain at the same
distance from each other, they may both be rigidly connected together.
The fact that the apparatus automatically indicates the amount of machining
according to a turned or bored shoulder renders the use of callipers unnecessary,
and the operation is thus rendered more exact. Furthermore by the use of the
apparatus a considerable amount of time is saved because the apparatus indicates
automatically the variation in diameter, and it is not necessary to throw the
machine tool out of operation for the purpose of accurately measuring the variation
of diameter.
Finally, a more accurate turning is ensured by the indication of the measure-
ments on an enlarged scale.
'
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. For automatically indicating and controlling the depth of cut of the cutting
tools used in lathes and other machine tools, measuring apparatus wherein a frame
adapted to be fixed to the tool carriage of the lathe or other machine tool is
provided with a scale, pointer, and transmitting lever mechanism, and with a
measuring rod such as k that is guided in a sleeve and is arranged to be acted
upon by a pressure rod such as that is adapted to be adjustably connected to the
slide rest or tool holder, the arrangement being such that the amount of advance of
the tool, when the pressure rod is fixed and bears against the measuring rod will be
automatically transmitted, on a larger scale, to the pointer, and can be read off
from the scale substantially as herein described.
2. In measuring apparatus of the kind referred to in the preceding claim, the
arrangement of the stop pin y' at the zero point of the scale a' for the purpose of
limiting the motion of the pointer c in one direction and preventing the further
advance of the tool substantially as described.
3. In measuring apparatus of the kind referred to in Claim 1, the arrangement
of a rotatable and adjustable cross sleevei for the purpose of varying the inclination
of the measuring rod k substantially as described.
4. Measuring apparatus constructed, arranged and operating as herein before
described with reference to and shown in the drawings for the purpose specified.
Dated this 20th day of Anund 1000
A. MIEBACH,
By L. W., per F. B.