Improvements in the Manufacture of Plush Fabrics and in Looms for the Production of such Fabrics.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Jan., 1892-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Plush Fabrics and in Looms
for the Production of such Fabrics.
We FRIEDRICH KRUGMANN Junior and WALTER KÜPPER both of Elberfeld
in the Empire of Germany Manufacturers of Upholstery Materials do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manuer the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
"mohair plushes'
"
Our invention relates to the kinds of plush fabrics known as
in which fabrics the rows of pile warp nap are situated diagonally. And our said
invention consists of improvements in the weaving of the said fabrics and of
improvements in power looms designed for use in the production of the said
fabrics.
The object of our improvements in the weaving of the said fabrics is to remedy
the objections which attend the methods of weaving them in power looms hereto-
fore practised the most usual of which methods and the objections thereto are as
follows:-
According to one of the said methods the said fabrics have been woven as
illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, in which figure the pile warp
threads a, a are shown as so interwoven with the wefts to form the foundation
fabrics, that the pile threads cross each other between the said foundation fabrics
the effect of this position of the said threads being that when the superposed
foundation fabrics are separated by cutting through the intermediate crossing
portions of the pile threads the pile stands up from each of the foundation fabrics
in tufts which incline in different directions as do the pile threads shown in the
said Figure 1 and an irregular and unsightly appearance of the pile surface is thus
produced.
To remedy this objectionable appearance of the fabric it has been proposed to
weave it as illustrated in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings in which figure
the pile threads are shown so interwoven with the wefts that the said pile threads
stand perpendicularly from the faces of the foundation fabrics. The method of
weaving illustrated in the said Figure 2 is however objectionable on account of
insecurity of the pile warp in that one of the two foundation fabrics which is
shown uppermost in the said Figure 2 the pile in the said fabric being liable to
become disengaged therefrom after the two foundation fabrics have been separated
by cutting through the pile threads.
Our improvements in the weaving of plush fabrics of the kind herein before
referred to are illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Figure 3 represents a section of the double fabric as it lies in the loom before
the pile threads are cut through the section being taken parallel to and between
the warps and
Figure 4 represents the pile surface of the fabric after the pile threads have
been cut through at the part indicated by the broken line X Figure 3.
C
In both the said figures the pile warp is marked c the warps of the foundation
fabric are marked d and the wefts or shoots of the foundation fabric are marked e.
By examination of the said Figures 3 and 4 it will be seen that each of the
several loops of pile warp passes round three wefts in each of the foundation
fabrics the middle weft of each group of three wefts being bound or secured only
by the loosely stretched pile warp and the two other wefts of each of the said
groups being held securely by the taut warps of the foundation fabric. By this
method of weaving both of the objections hereinbefore stated with reference to
Figures 1 and 2 are overcome the pile warp in plush woven according to our

page_text: invention standing perpendicularly to the foundation fabrics and being securely
bound in both the said fabrics between equally bound shoots or wefts and taut
warp threads equally binding those shoots.
The figures on Sheet 2 of the accompanying drawings show the cams used for
moving the shafts or healds of the loom and their arrangement in the loom in
which any desired structural alteration may be made. The forms of the six cams
shown in Figures 5 to 10 is an important part of our invention, as by these cams
in the case of twelve wefts following each other that rotation of "different positions
is given to the shafts or healds which serves to give the warp threads and shoots
or wefts the reciprocal position already described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we
claim;
-
First A pile fabric woven as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figures and 4 of the accompanying drawings; that is to say a pile fabric so
woven that the parts of the pile warp projecting out of the foundation fabric are
situated between equally bound shoots or wefts and taut warp threads equally
binding those shoots or wefts.
Secondly; The arrangement in a loom of six cams formed as illustrated in
Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the accompanying drawings for the purpose of
actuating the shafts or healds as required in order to produce a pile fabric woven
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying
drawings.
Dated the Second day of January 1899
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.