IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING THE FOOD OF CATTLE
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Shaw, Manager of Britannia Iron Works,
Neithrop, Banbury, in the County of Oxford, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING THE FOOD OF CATTLE."
Sealed the 24th December 1856, and dated the 21st October 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Shaw at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st October,
1856.
I, JOHN SHAW, Manager of Britannia Iron Works, Neithrop, Banbury, in
the County of Oxford, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PREPARING THE FOOD OF CATTLE," to be as follows:-
The improvement consists in so combining upon one stand or frame or upon
contiguous stands or frames a machine for reducing-roots to small pieces or to
a pulp with a machine for cutting hay, straw, gorse, or similar matter into
chaff, that the reduced or pulped and cut particles, shall pass through a spout
or hopper common to both machines, and thereby become intimately mixed
before falling upon the floor or into a convenient receptacle, whether or not
the said root and chaff preparing machines are or are not capable of being also
worked independently of each other.
5 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th April 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SHAW, of Britannia Works, Neithrop, Banbury, in the County of Oxford, send
0 greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Shaw, Her special licence that I, the said John Shaw,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
John Shaw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PREPARING THE FOOD OF CATTLE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said John Shaw, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Shaw, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
The improvement consists in so combining upon one stand or frame or-upon
contiguous stands or frames a machine for reducing roots to small pieces or to
a pulp with a machine for cutting hay, straw, gorse, or similar matter into
chaff, that the reduced or pulped and cut particles shall pass through a spout
or hopper common to both machines, and thereby become intimately mixed
before falling upon the floor or into a convenient receptacle, whether or not
the said root and chaff preparing machines are or are not capable of being also
worked independently of each other.
In the annexed Drawing, Figure 1 is a side view of the root-reducing part
and an end view of the chaff-cutting part, and Figure 2 is an end view of the
root-reducing part and a side view of the chaff-cutting part of the machine.
The letters on both Figures have reference to the same parts. A is a conical
cast-iron cylinder, having gouge-shaped knives ranged round its outer periphery,
and is well known as "Moody's pattern turnip grater;" it is keyed on to a
spindle or shaft marked B, which revolves in two bearings C. D, D, are two
chaff-cutting knives, bolted on to arms E, which arms are keyed on to the
shaft B, as is also a worm marked F, which, working into the face wheels G

page_text: and H, causes the two feed rollers I and J to bring forward the uncut hay or
straw to the mouth-piece K to be operated upon by the chaff knives, in the
manner usual with chaff-cutting machines. L is the chaff-cutter feed box, and
can be taken away when not in use. The conical cylinder A is enclosed in a
box or hopper M, and surmounted by a grated receiving hopper N, into which
the uncut roots are thrown to be operated upon; these hoppers are similar to
the Moody's grater hoppers, except that a semicircular opening is left in the
hopper M between the large end of the cylinder and the mouth-piece of the
chaff-cutter. O is a fly wheel, keyed on the shaft B; and O' is the handle by
which motion is given. In the place of a fly wheel and handle, a pulley or
pullies for driving bands may be substituted, or a clutch from a leading bar
may be attached. P is the frame or stand on which the whole is fixed. The
parts marked A, B, C, M, and N represent the root-reducing machine, and
the parts B, C, D, D', E, F, G, H, I, J, K, and L represent the chaff-cutting
machine, the mouth-piece of which is placed fairly opposite and closely to the
open end of the root cylinder, so that when at work the cut particles of chaff
and root fall into the cylinder, and are intimately mixed by the centrifugal
motion, and fall through the same shute or spout Q.
Having now described a mode of executing the said Invention, I would state
that I do not confine myself to this particular mode of connecting, nor to the
form of the root or chaff cutter described; but what I claim is, the coupling a
chaff-cutter and turnip-cutter in the above or an equivalent manner, so that
when both are worked together the cut materials are discharged in a mixed
state from a spout common to both.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Shaw, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
W LOGAN,
Banbury.
JOHN SHAW. (L.S.)