IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST METAL CHAINS to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: WHE
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF
CAST METAL CHAINS to be as follows:-
"
:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of cast metal chains.
In casting bodies like the links of chains, of metals such as steel, fusing at high
temperatures and possessing at the same time great strength, difficulties, resulting
from considerable contractions consequent upon the cooling of the metals have
been experienced. To obviate these difficulties attempts have been made to utilize
processes of casting differing from those used for brass, bronze and other metals
which are fusible at comparatively low temperatures.
Casting in metal moulds is well adapted for this purpose, if the cast pieces are
taken from their moulds and freed from the cores before cooling takes place; which
cooling does not fail to produce strains upon the mould, and consequently cracks
in, if not the rupture of, the pieces.
Accordingly I obtain uniformly sound pieces by immediately removing the links
from the mould after casting. The links may be cast in moulds either of bronze,
iron, steel, or brass, in moulds of sand graphite, or hard or compressed coal, or in
moulds of refractory or ceramic earth. This affords, moreover, the means of
hardening the pieces without delay and of obtaining a much more efficacious action
than otherwise by operating when the metal is still soft all through.
I attain these results by constructing the metal moulds in two, four, or eight
pieces connected by bolts or hinges or fixed or movable frames, that is to say by
means of simple divisions and fastenings, which allow of being taken asunder as
promptly as possible so as to permit of lifting the cast pieces out of the moulds
rapidly after casting.
The employment of these moulds enables the links to be cast gradually, or the
union of two lengths of chain by a connecting link.
This invention permits the application to the manufacture of chains, of steel
containing carbon, manganese, chromium, tungsten or similar substances, metals
which contract considerably and the casting of which does not admit safely of the
einployment of fixed cores.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Manufacture of Cast-metal
Chains.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF
CAST-METAL CHAINS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
This invention relates to the manufacture of cast metal chains.
Casting in metal moulds is well adapted for this purpose, provided the castings
can be stripped of their moulds and freed from the cores before cooling takes place;
as cooling does not fail to produce strains upon the mould, and consequently cracks
in, if not the rupture of, the castings.
I obtain uniformly sound castings by immediately stripping the mould from the
cast links. The said links are cast in moulds of either brass, wrought iron, steel,
or cast iron, or of graphite, hard or compressed carbon, or refractory or ceramic
earth. These moulds, moreover, afford the means for tempering or hardening the
castings without delay and obtaining a much more efficacious action than would
otherwise be obtained, by acting upon the metal while still soft all through.
I attain these results by constructing the metal moulds in two, four, eight or
other number of pieces, which are united by bolts, hinges or fixed or movable
frames, that is to say; by making the said moulds in parts which are coupled or
fastened together in such a manner that the said moulds can be very quickly taken
to pieces and stripped from the castings as soon as the casting operation has been
completed. I thus render practicable a manufacture which is not otherwise so.
The employment of these moulds permits the casting of the links step by step,
or the union of two lengths or pieces of chain by a connecting link.
This invention moreover, comprises the practical application, to the manufacture
of chains of steel containing carbon manganese, chromium, tungsten, or similar
substances.
In the accompanying drawing I have represented moulds, composed of 4 and 8
pieces, for the manufacture of steel chains, and so constructed as to enable the
rapid removal of the links from the moulds directly after casting.
Figure 1 represents a mould composed of eight pieces, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 7 and 8,
but, if desired, the pieces 1-2, 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8 may be united together
respectively. The sections A, B and C, D Figure 1 are taken through the planes
of two of the principal joints. T is the runner. It can however be arranged at
any other desirable point.
In
The figure represents the casting of a link at the end of a length of chain.
order to connect two lengths with each other both sides of the mould are arranged
as the half 1, 4, 5, 7 in order to accommodate the adjacent links.
Figure 2 represents a mould in four pieces, 1, 2, 3 and 4, a portion of the passage
at one side of the mould being composed of a pipe m, m of brouze or soft steel,
formed in two pieces and engaging in two rebates p, q, p¹ q¹ of the mould.

page_text: The two sides of the mould are made symmetrical when the mould is designed
for uniting two lengths of chain.
The sections G E, and I K are taken through the joints of the mould.
The parts of the mould are connected together in a frame, or by a screw press,
so that they can be rapidly separated after the casting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent I declare that what I claim is
First. The above described method of manufacturing chains by casting by means
of metal or other moulds capable of being rapidly opened or taken to pieces and
stripped from the links immediately after the casting has been completed.
Second. In the manufacture of chains as above described, the employment of
steel containing carbon, manganese, chrome, tungsten or similar substances.
Dated this 02nd dow of Cantember 1983
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.