Year: 1899

page_text: We, THE HONORABLE CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, Engineer, of Heaton Works,
Newcastle-on-Tyne, and ARCHIBALD DOUGLAS WASS, of Turbinia Works, Wallsend-
on-Tyne, both in the County of Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to steam turbines operating with surface condensers, and
our object is to avoid exhaust pipe connections between the low pressure steam
turbine and the condenser.
We have found by experiment that a very large proportion of the total energy
of steam can be obtained with a steam turbine by expanding to a very low
pressure, such a pressure, for example, as 1/30th of an atmosphere. By this a
turbine is found to give considerably increased efficiency. This increase of
efficiency, however, is easily lost by introducing a slight back pressure, and it is
difficult on board ship, or in confined spaces, to obtain room for an exhaust pipe
of sufficiently large dimensions to prevent injurious throttling of the exhaust.
Our invention consists in entirely dispensing with connecting pipes between
the low pressure turbine and the condenser, and, in fact, making the low pressure
cylinder and the condenser in one or parts of one structure in one part or built
up of several parts and the condenser may be formed of one or more groups of
tubes. The steam thus leaves the low pressure turbine blades, and passes directly
to the surface condenser part of the turbine cylinder, without any intermediate
connecting pipes whatever.
In carrying our invention into effect according to one modification, as applied
to a vessel driven by four propeller shafts, each shaft containing one or more
propelling screws, we apply two high pressure turbines and two low pressure
turbines, the low pressure turbines being arranged preferably on the two inner
shafts. On the two inner shafts also we arrange two reversing turbines. The
low pressure turbines at the vacuum end bolt directly on to the surface condensers.
The low pressure blades thus revolve at but a short distance from the surface con-
densing tubes, and no resistance is experienced in passing the enormous volume
of exhaust steam at a low pressure from the turbine blades. We provide turbine
air and circulating pumps in a convenient position for operating the surface
condensers.
By this arrangement we are enabled to expand the steam down to a very low
pressure indeed, without losing the effect of expansion by back pressure, or undue
resistance between the turbine and the condenser.
.
P
1
1000
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street. Birmingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents,

page_text: Improvements in Steam Turbines.
We, CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS of Heaton Works, Newcastle-on-Tyne, and
ARCHIBALD DOUGLASS WASS, Turbinia Works, Wallsend-on-Tyne, Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement: —
Our invention relates to steam turbines operating with surface condensers, and
our object is to avoid exhaust pipe connections between the low pressure steam
turbine and the condenser.
We have found by experiment that a very large proportion of the total energy
of steam can be obtained with a steam turbine by expanding to a very low pres-
sure, such a pressure, for example, as one thirtieth of an atmosphere. By this a
turbine is found to give considerably increased efficiency. This increase of
efficiency, however, is easily lost by introducing a slight back pressure, and it is
difficult on board ship, or in confined spaces, to obtain room for an exhaust pipe
of sufficiently large dimensions to prevent injurious throttling of the exhaust.
Our invention consists in entirely dispensing with connecting pipes between
the low pressure turbine and the condenser, and, in fact, making the low
pressure turbine and the condenser in one part, or as parts of the structure which
may be built up of several parts, the condenser being formed of one or more
groups of tubes. The steam thus leaves the low pressure turbine blades and
passes directly to the surface condenser part of the turbine cylinder without any
intermediate connecting pipes whatever.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings which illustrate our invention;-
Figure is a sectional elevation of one modification of our invention in which
a low pressure steam turbine is bolted to a surface condenser.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 is a partial cross section of the condenser on the line A, A of Figure 1.
a is the turbine and the condenser. The casing e of the turbine is bolted at d
to the end e of the condenser. The shaft f passes through the turbine and and con-
denser and is supported in bearings at g and h. k, kare the feet or supports of
the turbine and condenser.
The steam enters the turbine at and passes through the turbine doing work
and leaving the last vanes, passes at m into the condenser which is of a usual
construction: The outlet from the condenser to the air pump is shown at n.
The circulating water enters the condenser at o passing into the end space
it then passes up through the tubes to the top compartment whence it
descends through the tubes s to to the compartment and leaves the condenser at u.
The low pressure blades of the turbine thus revolve at but a short distance
from the surface condensing tubes and no resistance is experienced in passing
the enormous volume of exhaust steam at a low pressure from the turbine blades.
By this arrangement we are enabled to expand the steam down to a very low.
pressure indeed, without losing the effect of expansion by back pressure or undue
resistance between the turbine and the condenser.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. Combining a steam turbine and condenser so as to avoid a passage between
the steam turbine and the condenser substantially as and for the purpose herein-

page_text: 2. The improved combination of turbine and condenser substantially as
for the purpose herein before described.
1899
апа
Dared CHIS
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester,