Improvements in the Means or Method of Fixing and Making Secure Sheets of Glass, Zinc, Slate, or other suitable Material Employed in Covering the Roofs. Flats, or Sides of Railway Stations, Greenhouses, or other Structures or Places where Adjustable.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 8th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 8th Mar., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 19th Apr., 1887.
Improvements in the Means or Method of Fixing and Making Secure
Sheets of Glass, Zinc, Slate, or other suitable Material Employed
in Covering the Roofs. Flats, or Sides of Railway Stations,
Greenhouses, or other Structures or Places where Adjustable.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM HELLIWELL of Brighouse, Yorkshire, Horticultural Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Firstly My invention has reference to the bar or astragal employed for supporting
the vertical edges of the sheets of glass or other suitable material, and in certain
means for securing and keeping the outside cap on the said bar in position, also in
covering the said bar against exposure, and in means for keeping the glass in
position.
According to my present invention I make the flanges on which the vertical edges
of the glass rest with two channels whereby the condensed or other water is more
effectually caught and conveyed away.
These channels are arranged side by side on each side of the central rib of the said
astragal, such channels being divided by a rib upon which the glass rests. This
dividing rib is made to project sufficiently high as to keep the glass clear of the top of
the channels, which dividing rib may also be formed with a channel for the purpose
of receiving a suitable soft packing to lay the glass upon so as to make the glazing
more air tight.
Onto the upper central rib of the glazing bar or astragal, I fix certain saddles by
rivets, solder, or other suitable means, such saddles being made either in short lengths,
or continuous, but so placed that their lower projecting flanges do not touch the glass;
but are a suitable distance above, so as to allow the flanges of the cap to pass under
them. I then get a suitably shaped cap or cover having projecting flanges, which cap
I slide in end wise or force into position by making the parts spring or yield to
pressure, so that the flanges thereof get under the flanges of the saddle, but they rest
and bear upon the glass in such manner as to keep the glass down and prevent it from
moving.
By the adoption of the method above set forth, no hole is made in the cap, and no
nail or rivet is exposed to the atmosphere as all such devices are covered over by the
outer cap. This method of glazing is neat in appearance, and effective in its object.

page_text: Secondly In some of my systems of glazing the cap is made secure to the saddle
by a bolt passing through a hole in the cap, which bolt has hitherto been made
separate from the cap, but kept in position by the head of the bolt under the saddle.
According to my present invention in this system of glazing I form the bolt and
the saddle in one piece, which bolt is afterward's screwed to receive a nut, or it may
be split and bent down like a paper fastener, or otherwise arranged to be made
adaptable for the purpose required, by which means the combined saddle and bolt are
cheaper and better to handle.
Thirdly. My invention has reference to means to be employed for supporting the
lower end of the glazing bar or astragal, and thus prevent it and the glass from
slipping down or moving from their position after they have once been adjusted.
To do this I employ a metal stop piece of suitable shape made with small claws or
projections for surrounding the channeled flanges of the glazing bar or astragal, the
lower end of the said stop piece being made with a foot or projection.
This stop piece is screwed or otherwise fastened to the supporting bars, and then
the bottom end of the glazing bar or astragal is placed onto the foot of the stop-piece,
by which means the astragal and sheet of glass or other material are kept in position,
and cannot slip or move any further downwards.
T
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.
Improvements in the Means or Method of Fixing and Making Secure
Sheets of Glass, Zinc, Slate, or other suitable Material Employed
in Covering the Roofs, Flats, or Sides of Railway Stations,
Greenhouses, or other Structures or Places where Adaptable.
I THOMAS WILLIAM HELLIWELL, of Brighouse, Yorkshire, Horticultural Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention has reference to the bar or astragal employed for supporting the
vertical edges of the sheets of glass or other suitable material.
According to my present invention I make the flanges on which the vertical edges
of the glass rest, with two channels whereby the condensed or other water is more
effectually caught and conveyed away. These channels and a shoulder are arranged

page_text: side by side on each side of the central rib of the said astragal such channels being
divided by a rib upon which the glass rests this dividing rib is made to project
sufficiently high as to keep the glass clear of the top of the rib of the outer channels,
which dividing rib may also be formed with a channel for the purpose of receiving a
suitable soft packing to lie the glass upon so as to make the glazing more air tight.
Onto the central rib of the glazing bar or astragal I fix certain saddles by rivets, solder,
or other suitable means, such saddles being made either in short lengths or continuous,
but so placed that their lower projecting flanges do not touch the glass but are a
suitable distance above, so as to allow the flanges of the cap to pass under them.
I then get a suitably shaped cap or cover having projecting flanges, which cap I slide
in endwise or force into position by making the parts spring or yield to pressure so
that the flanges thereof get under the flanges of the saddle, but the said flanges rest
and bear upon the glass in such manner as to keep the glass down and prevent it
from moving.
Fig. 1. of the accompanying drawings is geometrical view of my improved
construction of astragal shewn at A, consisting of a central vertical rib a and a hori-
zontal bar or rib which horizontal bar or rib is made with two channels and m on
either side of the vertical rib a, as the drawing illustrates. The parts c are made to
project a little higher than the parts d, e, and it is made so for the purpose of
supporting the glass or other material B clear of the said parts & and e. Onto the
central rib a I place a saddle or certain short lengths of metal or other suitable
material which are fastened to the said rib by rivits or bolts passing horizontally
through the central rib as shewn at n, or by solder or other means. The bottom
flange of this saddle does not.touch the upper surface of the sheet of glass but is clear
of it so as to allow the flanges of the cap D to pass under, which cap is slided end wise
over the saddles or it may he forced onto the saddles by causing the cap to yield to
pressure.
In Fig. 2. I have shewn a shoulder p on the same level as the top of the part e upon
which shoulder p the vertical edge of the glass rests in addition to resting upon the
said part c as the drawing Fig. 2. illustrates.
By the adoption of the double channel as above described the condensed or other
water is more effectually caught and conveyed away than is possible with only one
channel. The form of cap for the double purpose of covering the central rib and for
holding the glass in position is well adapted for outside glazing as it saves all outside
painting.
In some cases the parts c may be formed to receive a little packing as shewn at f
in Fig. 3. for the glass to rest upon.
Secondly. In some of my systems of glazing the cap is made secure to the saddle
by a bolt passing through a hole in the saddle, which bolt has hitherto been separate
from the saddle but kept in position by the head of the bolt under the saddle.
According to my present invention in this system of glazing I form the bolt and
the saddle in one piece, which bolt is afterwards screwed to recieve a nut or it may be
split and bent down like a paper fastener, or otherwise arranged to be made adaptable
for the purpose required, by which means the combined saddle and bolt are cheaper
and better to handle.
This part of my invention is shewn in Fig. 4. where C is the saddle having a stud
projecting therefrom, which stud forms part of the same metal as the saddle. The
stud is "tapped" with a screw thread to receive a nut for the purpose of holding the
outer cap D in position or the studd may be divided like a paper fastener and bent
over the cap.
Thirdly My invention has reference to means to be employed for supporting the
lower end of the glazing bar or astragal and thus prevent it and the glass from
slipping down or moving their position after they have once been adjusted. To do
this I employ a metal stop piece of suitable shape made with small claws or projections
for surrounding the channeled flanges of the glazing bar or astragal the lower end of
the said stop piece being made with a foot or projection. This stop piece is screwed

page_text: or otherwise fastened to the supporting bars, and then the bottom end of the glazing
bar or astragal is placed onto the foot of the stop piece.
A is
This part of my invention is shewn in side view Fig. 5: and in plan Fig. 6.
the astragal or glazing bar and E is the stop piece preferably made of metal. This
stop piece has two claws h and on each side, which grip or take hold of the outer
edge of the astragal as seen in the figures, the bottom end of the said astragal resting
upon a flange of the said stop piece which is fastened by screws or other means to
the supporting bar F.
By the employment of this stop piece, the astragal and sheet of glass or other
material are kept in position and cannot slip or move any further downward.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
Firstly The formation of a solid metal glazing bar or astragal such as A having
two channels on each side of the solid central rib as shewn and described.
:-
Secondly In a glazed roof the combination of a saddle C, cap D, and a solid
double grooved astragal such as A, where the dividing rib c and shoulder p are more
elevated than the parts d and e.
Thirdly-In a glazed roof, the construction of a solid glazing bar or astragal such
as A having two grooves on each side of the solid central rib a so arranged that the
sheet of glass rests upon the shoulder and part e as shewn in Fig. 3.
:
Fourthly The formation of a glazing bar or astragal such as A where the central
parte is grooved to receive packing as shewn in Fig. 3.
Fifthly The manufacture of saddles where the projecting studs are composed of
the same metal as the saddles, substantially as set forth and shewn in Fig. 4.
Sixthly The employment of a stop piece such as E in Figs. 5, and 6 for purposes
set forth.
Dated this 7th day of March 1887.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.