IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOCK STITCH SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, DANIEL JONES, of 27, Great Frederick Street, Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOCK STITCH SEWING MACHINES" to be as follows:-
This invention which relates to that kind of lock stitch sewing machines
forming the subject of a former application made by me for Letters Patent dated
October 6th 1884 and numbered 13233, that is to say, wherein the reel of the
lower thread is carried in a fixed cup or reel carrier, consists in making the hooks,
which in turn engage with the loops as they are formed in the motion of the
needle, separate and adapting them to travel alternately at different rates of
speed and thereby to provide a sufficient extent of slack thread for the proper
engagement of the books at the needle as each loop is formed without exerting an
undue strain on the thread which might be liable to cause fracture thereof.
According to one method of arrangement of mechanism to effect this object one
of the hooks is secured to one end of a shaft carried in a round boss and furnished
at the inner end with a crank.
The boss is recessed to permit the crank to rotate. A block loosely pivotted on
the crank fits into a groove or recess formed in a guide to which motion is
imparted from the driving shaft The other hook is secured to the outer end of
the boss aforesaid which boss is furnished with a loosely pivotted block fitting
into the recess or groove of the guide aforesaid, the boss being rotated by the
said guide.
The centre on which the crank aforesaid and the boss rotate is not concentric
with that of the driving shaft-The reel carrier is maintained in position and
guided by a groove formed on the inside of the hooks.
Rotatory motion being imparted to the guide it is communicated to the hooks
which by means of the loosely pivotted blocks fitting, as aforesaid, into the grooved
guide, are caused to turn at varying rates of speed, the arrangement being such
that when one hook is presented to the needle to engage with a loop the other has
rotated to a degree which insures a sufficient supply of slack thread to be furnished
for the loop to obviate the thread being unduly strained, and thus to reduce the
liability of fracture as each loop in turn is taken up.

page_text: Under another arrangement of the mechanism one of the hooks is secured to a
disc carried in a V-shaped bearing.
At the back of the disc is placed the loosely pivotted block fitting in to the
grooved or recessed guide. The other hook is connected with the guide in a
manner analagous to that herein before described, that is to say, by means of
a loosely pivotted block carried on a crank at the end of a short shaft.
A ring or partial ring of wire attached to each hook ensures the engagement of
the hooks with the proper loops as the hooks are presented to the needle.
Other equivalent devices may be employed for this purpose.

page_text: I, DANIEL JONES, of 27 Great Frederick Street, Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
My said invention, which relates to lock-stitch sewing machines of the kind
which forms the subject of a former application made by me for Letters Patent
numbered 13233, and dated October the 6th, 1884, that is to say, wherein the
second or under thread is contained on a reel placed in a cup or reel-carrier,
consists in making the hooks which engage in turn with the loops of the upper
thread, as the loops are formed by the motion of the needle, separate from one
another and in operating the said hooks to travel around the reel carrier at
independent and varied rates of speed, and thereby to provide a sufficient extent
of slack thread for the proper engagement at the needle of the hooks with the loops
as these latter are formed, and thus to obviate the exertion of an undue strain upon
the thread the liability of which to be severed is consequently lessened.
According to one method of arranging the mechanism to effect the desired object
one of the hooks is secured to the outer end of a shaft which is embraced by a
tubular boss and is furnished at the inner end with a crank. The boss is recessed
to permit the revolution of the crank. A block loosely fitting over a pin secured
to the crank fits into a groove or recess formed in a guide to which rotatory
motion is imparted by the main driving shaft. The other hook is secured to the
outer end of the boss aforesaid which is cranked at its inner end and furnished
with a block loosely fitting over a pin secured to the cranked boss. This block
also fits into the groove of the guide aforesaid. The shaft which is embraced by
the boss is placed eccentrically to the main driving shaft which carries the grooved
guide, and when rotatory motion is imparted to the guide, the hooks are caused to
travel around the reel carrier at varying rates of speed and independently of each
other. They engage in turn with different loops of the upper thread as the loops
are formed at the side of the needle in its downward and upward motion. Each
loop is widened and passed over the carrier as the hook with which the said loop is
engaged rotates, and the under thread is disposed so that it is embraced by the
loops. Each succeeding loop is tightened to form a stitch in the material being
sewn by the engagement and rotation of a book with the loop next thereafter
formed. In other words, the loop being passed over the reel carrier is drawn up
by the engagement of the disengaged hook with the loop next thereafter formed
at the needle, the arrangement being such that when one hook is presented to
engage with a loop the other hook has been rotated to a degree around the carrier
which ensures a sufficient supply of slack thread to be furnished for the loop now
being engaged by the first book as to prevent the exertion of an undue strain in
drawing up the widened loop and thus to lessen the liability to sever the thread.
Referring to the accompanying 2 sheets of drawings, Fig. 1 represents, partly in
ertical section and partly in side elevation a portion of a sewing machine designed
or lock-stitch sewing in accordance with one method of carrying my said invention

page_text: into effect. Fig. 2 is a plan of the mechanism, the machine being inverted. Fig. 3
represents an end view of the carrier a of the reel b which is employed to contain
the second or under thread c. The upper thread is contained on a reel carried
conveniently on the frame of the machine as usual. Fig. 4 represents views of the
hooks A, A by which the reel carrier a is supported.
Figs.
and 6 represent detached views of the guide Q by which varied motion is
imparted to the hooks A. A¹ as they travel around the carrier a. Fig. 7 illustrates
The reel carrier a is prevented
a modified method of rotating the said hooks A. A¹.
from moving by the wire B the lower end of which is secured to the carrier, the
upper end fitting in a recess in the plate c fixed to the plate h. The hooks A A¹
are disposed and operated in the manner following. The hook A is secured to the
outer end of the short driving shaft e¹ embraced by the cylindrical boss E. To the
inner end of the shaft e¹ is fixed the crank F fitted with a pin q upon which is
carried the block ql free to turn upon the pin q and fitting into the groove of the
guide Q in which groove the block q¹ is free to work. Rotary motion is imparted
to the guide Q by the main driving shaft e. The other hook A¹ is secured by the
screws D to the outer end of the cylindrical boss E which is shaped at its inner
end to form the crank R. This crank is fitted with a pin and loose block r¹
working in the groove of the guide Q. The shaft et is placed eccentrically to the
shaft e. By this form of construction and disposition of mechanism the hooks A A¹
are caused to travel around the reel carrier at independent and varying rates of
speed. They engage in turn with different loops of the upper thread formed at the
side of the needle N as the latter is lowered and raised. Each loop is in turn
extended and passed over the reel carrier a as the hook with which the said loop
is engaged is rotated, and the under thread is disposed so that it is embraced by
the loops. The under thread is passed through a tension of any usual kind. The
reel b turns freely on the spindle s which is either secured to or made in one piece
with the carrier a. Each succeeding loop is drawn up to form a stitch in the
material being sewn by the engagement of a hook with the loop next thereafter
formed. In other words, the loop being passed over the reel carrier a is drawn up
and tightened to form a stitch by the engagement of the disengaged hook with the
loop next thereafter formed at the needle, and the mechanism is so adjusted and
set that when one hook is presented to engage with a freshly formed .loop, the
other has with the loop engaged thereby rotated around the carrier a to a degree
which ensures a sufficient supply of slack thread to be furnished for the loop now
being engaged by the first hook as to prevent the exertion of an undue strain in
diawing up the widened loop and thus to lessen the liability to sever the thread.
Further, a sufficient amount of slack is thus provided to permit the descent of the
needle without drawing upon the top reel. The loops are kept clear of one another
by means of wires attached to the hooks A A¹ or by other analagous devices.
In the modification of mechanism for rotating the hooks A. A shewn at Fig. 7,
the hook A¹ is attached to a disc E carried in bearings i secured to the bracket f
and free to be rotated by the guide Q. The hook A is attached to the spindle c¹
also rotated by the guide Q.
For convenience in placing a reel in the carrier or removing it therefrom the
carrier may be vertically disposed and pivotted on trunnions in a frame, as shown
at Figure 8. The hooks are intended to rotate around the frame for which they
serve as a bearing.
At Figs. 1, 2 and 3, Sheet 2, is illustrated, an arrangement under which the
carrier a is vertically disposed and, instead of being supported in the books as a
bearing, is maintained in the required position between a bearer f¹ bolted to or
formed in one piece with the bearing fand a bracket f' secured to or formed in
one piece with the bed plate h. The hocks A and A¹ are not in contact with the
carrier a around which they are rotated at varying speed. In this arrangement
the hook A is attached to the short driving shaft e¹ and is caused to rotate
through the medium of the slotted guide Q, and the hook A is attached to the
boss E which is caused to rotate by the same guide Q. The carrier is prevented

page_text: from rotating by the nose a' which bears against the bracket f' and the carrier is
maintained in the required position by the spring catch a hinged to the bracket f'.
The spring catch is opened on its hinge to permit the carrier to be inserted or
removed. A tension p of any usual kind is fitted in the nose a¹.
The hooks, which as aforesaid, rotate freely around the carrier, are furnished with
wires 2, such as are commonly employed, for the purpose of drawing aside the Black
thread of each loop in turn to prevent the engagement of one and the same hook
with two successive loops as is well understood.
Fig. 4 shows the bearer f¹ and the bracket f2; the reel carrier being removed.
Fig. 5 shows a hook detached from the machine. Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively an
elevation and vertical section of the carrier a. In Figs. 8 and 9 the wire x is
shown arranged as extending back from a hook in the form of a tail instead of
being in front as in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5.
Fig. 10 illustrates another form of hook which differs from those herein before
described in that the thread is carried round the carrier as a simple loop instead of
being doubled over the carrier.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a two reel lock-stitch sewing machine the employment of separate hooks
arranged to be rotated independently and at varying speed about the carrier or
container of the reel on which the second or under thread is wound for the purpose
of engaging in proper turn with the loops formed at the needle in the upper thread,
the carrier being either supported by the books as a bearing or in a bracket or
bearer substantially as hereinabove described and shewn on the appended sheets of
drawings.
2. In a two reel lock-stitch sewing machine the use of a slotted guide such as Q
for the purpose of driving and varying the rate of travel of the hooks A and A¹
about the carrier a through the medium of the shaft e¹ and cranked boss E sub-
stantially as herein before described and shown at Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7, Sheet 1,
and Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet 2, of the accompanying drawings.
3. In a two reel lock-stitch sewing machine the combination with separate
hooks, for engagement with the loops of the upper thread, of means for driving the
said hooks about the carrier of the reel on which the under thread is wound
substantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of Donnmhan 1005