Improvements in Apparatus for Printing Telegraphic Messages in Type.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left. 14th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 2nd Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Printing Telegraphic Messages
in Type.
I, GODFREY MARSDEN GIBSON, of The Rectory, Chulmleigh, North Devon,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention the receiving instrument punches holes in a strip of
paper which actuates a type printing machine.
The messages may be sent either by hand or automatically, the transmitter being
of any description, but it is preferred that currents of both polarities should be
employed.
The punched strip of paper is carried to the type printing machine or preferably
to increase the speed it is cut into lengths and taken to several machines. This
may be done automatically.
The type wheel of the printing machine constantly tends to rotate under the
influence of a weight or spring or other source of power but it is normally retained
in a certain zero position as is well un lerstood. The type wheel has upon its side
a number of (generally nine) concentric rings of pins and there is a radial line of
pins (say nine) carried by the frame of the machine and each pin can be thrust by
an electro-magnet between the pins of the ring opposite to it.
For convenience of description the rings of pins will be called A B C &c. and
the corresponding pins on the frame a b c &c.
The punched paper as it is drawn through the machine produces a series of
currents in local battery circuits in any convenient manner such for example as
that employed in a Wheatstone transmitter.
As these currents correspond to the original positive and negative currents it
will be convenient to so call them, although it is not necessary that they should
have these polarities.
The first current if it be positive thrusts forward a pin (say) a and releases the
type wheel which revolves until the first pin of the ring A conies against a.
Similarly if a negative current be the first, the pin b is thrust forward and the
type wheel revolves until the first pin of ring B comes against it.
A first positive current also (as is hereinafter described) transfers the negative
circuit from the electro magnet of to that of d and a first negative current
transfers the positive circuit from a to c. Thus two positive currents arrest the
type wheel at the second pin of A, two negative currents at the second pin of B, a
positive and a negative at the first pin of D and a negative and a positive at the
first pin of C.
Similarly currents through the electro-magnets of d and c may be made to
transfer the positive and negative circuits to the electro-magnets of e and fand
so on.
In this way each different combination of positive and negative currents arrests
the type wheel at a different place and therefore at a different letter or sign.
When the type wheel has been brought to the proper place as above described
the printing takes place and the type wheel is returned to zero in any ordinary
way but preferably the arrangement is such that the printing circuit is closed
automatically on the lapse of a certain time after the last line current has passed.

page_text: The circuits are also broken and the parts resume their original positions ready
for the next letter.
Upon the positive circuit is an electro-magnet which is also wound with a few
turns of a circuit only broken by the act of printing.
The magnetism produced by the latter is not sufficient to move the armature
against its spring but it is sufficient to hold it when attracted or the magnet may
be singly wound and a weak permanent current employed for the same purpose.
The armature forms part of the negative circuit and is pivotted at one end, the
other end working between two contacts, one being the end of the wire leading to
the coil of b and the other of the wire leading to d.
Normally the spring keeps the armature in contact with the former, but if a
positive current be first sent the armature is attracted breaking the circuit through b
and closing it through d, and it is held in this position as above described until
printing takes place whether the positive circuit be broken or not.
There are similar arrangements on the negative circuit and on the branch wires
leading to c d &c.
Dated this 14th day of January 1896.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Printing Telegraphic Messages
in Type.
I, GODFREY MARSDEN GIBSON, of The Rectory, Chulmleigh, North Devon,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
According to this invention the receiving instrument punches holes in a strip
of paper which actuates a type printing machine.
The messages may be sent either by hand or automatically, the transmitter
being of any description, but it is preferred that currents of both polarities should
be employed.
This current or these currents actuate punches forming holes in a travelling
strip of paper.
The punched strip of paper thus produced is carried to the type printing
machine or preferably to increase the speed it is cut into lengths and taken to
several machines. This may be done automatically.
Figure 1 is a plan and Figure 2 a side elevation of the printing machine.
Figure 3 is a detached sectional side elevation to a larger scale of the type wheel
and parts connected with it.
Figures 4 and 5 are diagram views of the lever for disconnecting the type wheel
from the driving screw.
Figure 6 is a local transverse section of the printing lever and paper feed.
Figures 7 and 8 are similar views showing the parts in different positions.
Figure 9 is a longitudinal section and Figure 10 an end elevation of the
mechanism for closing the printing circuit.
Figure 11 is a diagram view of the circuits.
Figure 12 is a diagram view showing the positions of the pins in the grooves A
to I.
Figure 13 is a side, elevation and Figure 14 a back elevation of the punching
mechanism.
1 is the main driving shaft which is continuously revolved in the same direction
by an electric or other motor. This shaft has a conical end entering a conical hole

page_text: in the end of the shaft 2 which is thus frictionally driven. 3 is a screw by which
the pressure of the shaft 1 against the shaft 2 can be regulated and 4 is a
Jocking mut.
The shaft 2 has a screw thread upon it and outside this is a sleeve 5 to which a
cylinder 6 is fixed. The type wheel 7 is free to slide longitudinally on the sleeve 5
but is prevented from turning relatively to it by the pin 8 which enters a slot in
the sleeve and also normally enters the screw thread on the shaft 2. 9 is a spring
tending to press the pin 8 radially outwards and 10 is a sliding rod normally
preventing this motion. 11 is a spring pressing the type wheel 7 from right to
left. 12 is an arm fixed to the shaft 2 and having pivotted to it a lever 13 which
is prevented from turning down heyond a horizontal position hy a stop (not shown)
against which it is normally held by a spring 14. One end of the lever 13 bears
against the end of the arm 15 fixed to the sleeve 5 which therefore turns with the
shaft 2. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I, are grooves in the cylinder 6 each of
which has a number of longitudinal pins across it the relative positions of which
are shown in the diagram Figure 12, and a, b, c, d, e, f, g, hand i, are vertical pins
entering these grooves. The pins a to i are pivotted to the ends of horizontal
arms a to i fixed to horizontal shafts a² to 2 to which are also fixed horizontal
arms a³ to 3 carrying the armatures of the electro-magnets A¹ to I. When no
currents are passing through the coils of the magnets the armatures are kept
out of contact with their cores by springs a to it fixed to the arms a¹ to i¹. When
in this position the pins a to h are out of the grooves A to H but the pin i is in the
groove I and bearing against one of the pins in it prevents the cylinder 6, sleeve 5,
type wheel 7 and shaft 2 from rotating in spite of the continuons rotation of the
shaft 1. Every time a current is sent then as hereinafter described the magnet I'
attracts its armature and withdraws the pin i allowing the cylinder 6 to rotate
and one or other of the magnets A' to H' say A' also attracts its armature so
raising one or other of the pins a to h say a which again arrests the cylinder 6
after it has made a partial revolution. When the current ceases, the pin a falls
and releases the cylinder which commences to turn but is at once arrested by the
rise of the pin i not however until it has advanced sufficiently to bring the pin
in the groove A to the other side of the pin a so that if the latter pin is again
raised the cylinder 6 will turn until the next pin in the gro ve A comes against it.
For this purpose the pins in the grooves A to H are not in a line with the pins in
the groove I but are intermediate between them as shown in the diagram
Figure 12. When the type wheel 7 has been brought by one or more currents to
the proper position then as hereinafter described the circuit through the printing
magnet J is closed, the letter is printed and immediately afterwards the circuit is
closed through the magnets 11 and H' withdrawing the pin i and raising the pin h
and the cylinder 6 and type wheel 7 revolve until they reach their zero position
when they are arrested by the single pin in the groove H coming against the
pin . Just before this takes place the left hand end of the lever 13
(Figure 3) comes against the under side of the lever 16 (Figures 4 & 5) and is
thereby depressed its other end heing raised and freed from the arm 15, the
shaft 2 therefore continues to revolve although the sleeve 5 is held stationary.
When the end of the lever 13 has passed the pivot 17 of the lever 16 it is raised
by its spring 14 so lifting the tail end of the lever 16 and bringing the latter into
the position shown at. Figure 4 and its friction on its pivot is sufficient to retain it
there. When therefore the shaft 2 has made a complete revolution after the
stoppage of the sleeve 5 the lever 13 misses the lever 16 and not being turned out
of its horizontal position comes against the arm 15 and is arrested. For each letter
therefore the type wheel makes one complete revolution and the shaft 2 two
complete revolutions. The revolution of the shaft 2 relatively to the sleeve 5
moves the pin 8 and type wheel 7 along the sleeve from left to right the distance
between two threads so bringing the type wheel into position for printing the next
letter by the side of the first. During the time the sleeve is turning to bring the
ext letter into position to be printed or it may be when it is returning to zero

page_text: after it has been printed the lever 13 comes against the tail end of the lever 16
and brings it back to the position shown at Figure 4. On the completion of the
line of printing the end of the slide 10 comes against the plate 18 forming part of
the frame of the machine and the further movement of the type wheel to the right
brings the pin 8 opposite the thinner part of the slide 10 and the pin is then forced
outwards by its spring 9 so freeing it from the screw but not from the slot in the
sleeve. The spring 11 then enrries the type wheel back to the left hand end of
the sleeve and the end of the slide 10 striking the plate 19 forces the pin 8 again
into gear with the screw on the shaft 2. The paper is supplied from a reel (not
shown) and passes partly around the har 20 (Figure 6) carried by arins 21 fixed to
the sleeve 22 on the shaft 23 and to which is also fixed the arm 24 carrying the
armature of the printing magnet J. The paper is kept in place on the bar 20 by
the rods 25 carried by the arms 26 fixed to the shaft 23 to which is also fixed the
arm 27 carrying the armature of the magnet K. The rods 25 are covered with
indiarubber and are normally wedged onto the bar 20 and move with it but at the
beginning of each line a circuit is closed through the magnets K and L which
attract their armatures so bringing the rods 25 into the position shown in Figure 7
and causing the paper to be nipped between the magnet L, and its armature. The
next time a circuit is closed through the printing magnet J it brings the bar 201
into the position shown in Figure 8 and releases the rods 25 as hereinafter
described thus taking hold of the paper in a fresh place and the printing goes on
as before on a new line.
The circuit is closed through the printing magnet J by the mechanisa shown at
Figures 9 and 10. 28 is a shaft driven at a uniform speed by a motor (it may be
the same motor which drives the shaft 1) and 29 is a sleeve on this shaft. 30) and
31 are friction surfaces fixed to the shaft 28 and sleeve 29 respectively. 32 is a
groove in the sleeve receiving the forked end of the lever 33 which carries the
armature of the electro magnet M. The armature is normally held away from the
magnet by the spring 34 so that the surfaces 30 and 31 are normally in contact and
the sleeve 29 driven by the shaft 28. 35 is a contact arm fixed to the sleeve and
travelling over the plate 36 on which there are two contact surfaces 37 and 38.
Each of the circuits through the magnets A' to H' also embraces the magnet M
and every time therefore that a signal is sent the latter magnet attracts its armature
separating the surfaces 30 and 31 whereupon the arm 35 is pulled by a helical
spring 39 back to the stop 40. If however no signal is seat for a certain fixed
time the arm reaches the contact 37 and closes the printing circuit. Immediately
afterwards the arm continuing to revolve reaches the contact 38 and closes the
circuits through the magnets H' and I so withdrawing the pin i and allowing the
cylinder 6 to revolve until it reaches the zero point. When the next signal is sent
the arm 35 passes back across the contacts 37 and 38 without touching them
because the magnet M is attracting its armature so drawing back the sleeve 29.
The circuit through the magnets K and L of the paper feed is closed by the
spring contact naker 41 operated by the type wheel when it comes back to the
beginning of a line. In this circuit is a contact 42 which normally rests against
the back of oue of the arms 21 so that the circuit is broken each time the arm goes
forward to print. The circuit is also broken directly the type wheel moves away
from the contact 41.
The punched paper as it is drawn through the machine produces a series of
currents in local battery circuits in any convenient manner such for example as
that employed in a Wheatstone transmitter.
As these currents correspond to the original positive and negative currents it
will be convenient to so call them, although it is not necessary that they should
have these polarities..
Figure 11 is a diagram view shewing the circuits. N is a local battery, and
0'00' are terminals. 43 and 44 are fingers hinged to the terminals 0 0 and
resting on the paper 45 which is drawn across the terminal O. P, Q, R, S, T and U
(see also Figures 1 and 2) are electro magnets whose armatures P¹ to U' are

page_text: normally kept by springs in contact with the upper contacts p, q, r, s, t and u the
magnets however are also wound with a few turns (not shown) of a circuit only
broken by the act of printing in an exactly similar way to that employel for the
paper feed. The magnetism produced by this winding is not sufficient to move
the armatures against their springs but it is sufficient to hold them when attracted
down onto the lower contacts p, q, r, s, t¹ and u'. Or the magnets may be singly
wound and a weak permanent current employed for the same purpose.
If the hole in the paper strip corresponds to a positive current the circuit is.
from the battery N, to the magnet I, magnet M, terminal O', finger 43. terminal 0%,
armature P¹, contact p, armature Q', contact y, magnet S, an 1 magnet A', back to
the battery. The result of the current therefore is to move the armature S¹
from the contact s to the contact s where it remains, to raise the pin a and lower-
the pin i. If a first positive current be followed by a second the circuit is the
same and the pin a is again raised and so on. But if a positive current be
followed by a negative one the circuit is from the battery N to the magnet 1,.
magnet M, terminal O', finger 44, terminal 03, armature S1, contact sl, armature U',
contact u, magnet Q, magnet B', bark to the battery. The effect of this current
therefore is to transfer the armature Q, from the contact 7, to the contact q', to.
raise the pin b, and to lower the pin i. Similarly the pin c is raised by a positive
current following + d is raised by a negative current, e by a positive following
a negative, by a negative following +, g by a negative following ++ or
by a positive following
If in any sequence two, currents of the same
polarity follow immediately after each other the corresponding pin is raised twice.
but the circuits are not changed. Thus a sequence of +++ - would
successively raise the pins a, b, c, GY.
-
+-.
46 is a magnet by which the fingers 43 and 44 can be attracted and lifted off the
terminal O. This magnet is in a circuit, one branch of which passes through
earth to the pins a to g whilst the other branch leads to the cylinder 6 (which is.
insulated). Each time therefore one of the pins in the grooves A to G comes.
against one of the pins a to g the circuit is closed the fingers 43 and 44 are lifted
and thus the circuit through the magnet A to G (as the case may be) is br ken.
immediately it has done its work by stopping the cylinder 6 at the proper
place.
The punching mechanism Figures 13 and 14 to which no claim is made is.
operated by the currents in the line wire through a polarised relay of ordinary
construction a positive current causing the relay to close a circuit through
the magnet 47 and a negative current through the magnet 48. The armatures 49.
and 50 of these magnets carry punches 51 and 52 which form holes in a strip of
paper travelling through the slot 53. The paper is frictionally driven so that it is
arrested (and not torn) by the punches and starts again immediately they retire.
In this way two rows of holes are made in the strip one corresponding to positive
signals in the line wire and the other to negative.
The mechanism for inking the type wheel may be of any ordinary description.
and is not shewn.
The pins a to i may be fixed directly to the armatures of the magnets A' to I
which in this case would range around the cylinder 6.
It will be obvious that the instrument may be used as a receiver for mechanically
sent Morse signals but as above stated it is peculiarly adapted for use in connection
with a receiver punching strips of paper.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The combination of the type wheel, tending constantly to revolve, rings of
pins carried by it, and pins operated by the signals each engaging with the pins of
one of the rings sul.stantially as described.

page_text: 2. The means whereby each signal determines the circuit to be closed by the
next signal substantially as described.
3. The arrangement of circuits substantially as described and shown at
Figure 11 of the drawings.
4. Apparatus for printing telegraphic messages in type substantially as described 5
and shown in the drawings.
Dated this 19th ...
1000
GODFREY M. GIBSON.