CERTAIN IMPROVED COMPOUNDS TO BE USED FOR THE PREVENTION OF INJURY TO HEALTH UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
NELSON COLLINS, of Oxford Court, Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Wholesale Druggist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Second day of December, in the twelfth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Robert Nelson Collins, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Robert Nelson Collins, my exors, admors, and
assigns, and such others as I, the said Robert Nelson Collins, my exors,
adiors, or assigns, should at. any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and
Plantations abroad, and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark,
and Man, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVED COMPOUNDS TO BE USED FOR
THE PREVENTION OF INJURY TO HEALTH UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, obliging me, the said Robert
Nelson Collins, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled
in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next

page_text: and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as
in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Nelson Collins, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following description thereof (that is
to say):
My Invention of improved compounds to be used for the prevention of
injury to health under certain circumstances, consists in combining together
certain substances herein-after mentioned, so as to produce certain compounds,
which have the property of evolving or liberating chlorine when these are either
moistened or mixed with water, and which compounds are therefore suitable
to be used under circumstances wherein health would be liable to become
injured by the presence of noxious gases or exhalations arising from animal or
vegetable matters undergoing decomposition, or from such manufactories as
evolve such noxious vapours as are rendered innoxious by the action of chlorine.
In effecting the object of my Invention, I prefer to use the material which
is well known in commerce by the name of "chloride of lime," as that from
which chlorine may be liberated when forming part of my improved compounds,
and the substances which I combine with such material containing chlorine
(in order to produce my improved compounds) are such saline compounds as
contain an acid combined with a base, the affinity of which base for such acid
is less powerful than the affinity of lime for such acid, and which base does not
prevent an evolution or liberation of chlorine from such compounds.
I prefer to use sulphate of alumina as the saline compound, having a base
of which the affinity for the acid with which it is combined is less powerful
than the affinity of lime for such acid, and as being the most suitable material
to combine with chloride of lime, so as to produce one of my improved com-
pounds; and when I use this saline compound, I prefer to employ it in the state
of an anhydrous salt; and when I mix this with chloride of lime, containing
thirty-four per cent. of chlorine (which proportion of chlorine is that usually
contained in the article known in commerce as "chloride of lime "), I add one
part by weight of such anhydrous sulphate of alumina to two parts by weight
of such chloride of lime, and I mix these substances, and I store the compound
thus produced in closed vessels.
This compound may be used for the prevention of injury to health, either by
mixing it with such animal or vegetable matters as may be undergoing
decomposition, as in case of cesspools, manure heaps, and other collections of

page_text: putrescent matters, or it may be used by being placed in open vessels near to
such decomposing matters. In most instances, sufficient moisture will be
obtained from the decomposing matters themselves, or from the surrounding
atmosphere, to cause the chlorine to be liberated from the compound, but if
required water may be added; a gradual evolution of chlorine will then take
place, and effectually prevent any contagious or noxious effluvia from being
given off by the putrid matters.
I have stated that I prefer to use chloride of lime as the substance containing
chlorine to be employed in the production of my improved compounds; I can
also use chloride of magnesia for this purpose, but as this substance is not
commonly met with in commerce, I prefer to use chloride of lime. I have also
stated that I prefer to use sulphate of alumina, as the saline compound to be
employed in the production of my improved compound; but I can also use
other salts of alumina, also salts formed of peroxide of iron, -oxide of zinc,
(oxide of lead), or oxide of manganese, combined with sulphuric, nitric, or
muriatic acids. And when I use such other saline compounds, I add to the
chloride of lime, or to the chloride of magnesia, as the case may be, such a
proportionate quantity of the saline compound employed as contains a quantity
of acid equivalent to the quantity of acid contained in the proportionate
quantity of sulphate of alumina which I have herein-before indicated as being
suitable to be combined with a defined quantity of chloride of lime.
I have stated that in preparing my improved compounds, I prefer to use
certain materials which I consider to be most suitable for the production of
such compounds; I have also stated certain proportions which I prefer to use
of such materials; but I do not confine myself to the use of the materials which
I have expressly mentioned as being preferable, nor to the particular pro-
portions of those which I have defined, as all these may be varied to some
extent without departing from the nature of my Invention, which consists in
combining together certain substances herein-before defined, so as to produce
compounds, which have the property of evolving or liberating chlorine, when
these are moistered or mixed with water, and are consequently suitable to be
used for the prevention of injury to health under certain circumstances.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Nelson Collins, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
.
(L.S.) R. N. COLLINS.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED; that on the Second-day-of June, in the
year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Robert Nelson Collins came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the. Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,.in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-nine.