IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER GAUGES
Year: 1885

page_text: We LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY, Carpet Manufacturer and RICHARD HANSON,
Engineer, both of Dean Clough Mills, Halifax in the county of York and
JAMES JOSEPH HICKS, Meteorological Instrument Manufacturer, of 8 Hatton
Garden in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER GAUGES to be as follows:-
The invention relates to that class of water guage in which the level of the
water is seen through a glass tube.
Formerly such guage glass tubes were made entirely of clear glass, but of late
years in order to render the level of the water more clearly visible they have been
made of clear glass with a longitudinal stripe of white or colored enamel at the back
thereof of such a width as to cause the whole body of water in the tube to appear
of the same color as that of the enamel stripe. They have also been made with a
comparatively narrow stripe of red or other bright colored enamel on a broader
ground or backing of white enamel. These two arrangements have proved greatly
superior in use to guage glasses made entirely of clear glass; we have however
succeeded in still further improving the manufacture of gunge glasses.
For this purpose we apply to the back of the guage glass tube two or more
longitudinal stripes of enamel which are separated from each other by a space or
division of clear glass. These enamel stripes may be all of the same color, or they
may be of different colors, we however prefer to make them of white enamel.
By these means when two stripes of enamel are employed and the guage glass is
seen from the front it will have the appearance above the water line of a couple of
comparatively broad stripes of enamel divided from each other by a narrow division
of clear glass.
A stripe of clear glass will be clearly seen at the outer edge of each enamel stripe
whilst below the water line there will be seen down the centre thereof a stripe of
clear glass much broader than the part thereof shown above the liquid and on each
side of such central stripe of clear glass the tube will appear to be lined to the edge
thereof with enamel.
When however such guage glass is seen at a certain considerable angle from
either side thereof it will show below the water line one broad band of enamel

page_text: bounded on each edge with a narrow stripe of clear glass whilst above the water
line there will be seen two stripes of enamel of unequal widths divided from each
other and bounded on their outer edges with stripes of clear glass of unequal
widths. At intermediate points of view the variation in appearance presented by
the guage tube above and below the water line is equally distinct.
By making the stripes of white enamel the guage glass will stand better in use
than when employing different colored enamels.
When employing more than two stripes of enamel we preferably make them
narrow and of about the same width as that of the clear glass between them and
we also preferably employ such a number of these stripes as will extend about from
a third to nearly half round the circumference of the glass tube. By this last
arrangement the tube has nearly the same appearance whether seen from the
immediate front or from somewhat wido angles at the sides thereof.

page_text: We LOUIS JOHN CROSSLEY, Carpet Manufacturer, and RICHARD HANSON
Engineer, both of Dean Clough Mills, Halifax in the County of York, and
JAMES JOSEPH HICKS, Meteorological Instrument Manufacturer, of 8 Hatton
Garden in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention relates to that class of water gauge in which the level of the
water is seen through a glass tube.
Formerly such gauge glass tubes were made entirely of clear glass, but of late
years in order to render the level of the water more clearly visible, they have been
made of clear glass with a longitudinal stripe of white or colored enamel at the
back thereof of such a width as to cause the whole body of water in the tube to
appear of the same color as that of the enamel stripe.
They have also been made with a comparatively narrow stripe of red or other
bright colored enamel on a broader ground or backing of white enamel.
These two arrangements have proved greatly superior in use to gauge glasses
made entirely of clear glass, we have however succeeded in still further improving.
the manufacture of gauge glasses.
Our invention is represented in the accompanying drawings of which Figures 1
and 2 represent elevations of part of a gauge glass seen from different points of
view and Figure 3 is a cross section of the same and Figure 4 is a cross section of
another gauge glass.
According to our invention we apply to the back of the gauge glass tube a two
or more longitudinal stripes 6 of enamel which are separated from each other by a
space or division a¹ of clear glass. These enamel stripes b may be all of the same
color, or they may be of different colors or combinations of colors we however
prefer to make them of white enamel as by so doing the gauge glass will stand
better in use than when employing other and different colored enamels.
By these means when two stripes 6 of enamel are employed and the gauge glass a
is seen from the front in the direction of the arrow c it will have the appearance
above the water line of a couple of comparatively broad stripes b of enamel divided
from each other by a narrow division a³ of clear glass.
A stripe a³ of clear glass will be clearly seen at the outer edge of each enamel
stripe whilst below the water line there will be seen down the centre thereof a
stripe al of clear glass much broader than the part thereof shown above the liquid
and on each side of such central stripe a¹ of clear glass the tube will appear to be
lined to the edge thereof with enamel b.
When however such gauge glass is seen at a certain considerable angle from
either side thereof, say in the direction of the arrow d, it will show below the
water line one broad band b of enamel bounded on each edge with a narrow
stripe a' of clear glass whilst above the water line there will be seen two stripes b
of enamel of unequal widths divided from each other and bounded on their outer

page_text: edges with stripes a¹ of clear glass of unequal widths, and along the entire length
of the gauge glass on one side thereof will be seen apparently on the exterior
thereof a narrow stripe of enamel.
At the intermediate points of view the variation in appearance presented by the
gauge tube above and below the water line is equally distinct.
By making these stripes of white enamel the gauge glass will stand better in use
than when employing different colored enamels.
When employing mo e than two stripes of onamel we preferably make them
narrow and of about the same width as that of the clear glass between them as
shown at Figure 4 and we also preferably employ such a number of these stripes
as will extend about from a third to nearly half round the circumference of the
glass tube.
By this last arrangement the tube has nearly the same appearance whether seen
from the immediate front or from somewhat wide angles at the sides thereof.
The width of the enamel stripes b and of the clear glass between them may be
somewhat varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
Constructing water gauge glasses with two or more stripes of white, colored or
particolored enamel separated from each other by a stripe or stripes of clear glass,
substantially as herein shown and described.