Improvements in Bands or Straps used for Braces, Garters, Waist-belts, and other similar Purposes.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bands or Straps used for Braces, Garters,
Waist-belts, and other similar Purposes.
'
We LUTHER HARDCASTLE MARSDEN of Spring Bank Droylsden in the County of
Lancaster Designer and JAMES HILL FROST of 1, Victoria Crescent Eccles in the
County of Lancaster Buyer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our Improvements consist in making bands or straps with open spaces or holes
woven in the fabric and at frequent intervals for the purpose of ventilation, and
keeping cool the part of the body covered with the band, which is of great importance
in warm climates. Such bands or straps are made of double cloth to get strength
and thickness, viz. :-face or top side, and back or under side, with filling to give the
thickness, and binders, which bind the two webs together they can be made of
cotton, flax, jute, wool, or silk, and, india rubber can be introduced into the filling in
the usual manner to give elasticity to the band if required.
Bands or straps can be made according to our invention, in the ordinary loom used
for weaving such double fabrics. One mode requiring only the addition of two dupes
and four standards such as are well known and used in ordinary Leno-weaving, and
a slackening motion. The process is as follows:--which applies to a single lift
dobbie, but it may be worked by the action of tappits, dobbies, or jacquard, in the
usual manner, as may be required according to pattern,-One dupe and its two
standards are required for the face or top side, and the other dupe and its two standards
are required for the back or under side, the two warp threads in the top dupe and
standards and the two threads in the under dupe and standards are all in one reed
or dent-the first two being above the second two-One or two empty reeds or dents are
left according to the size of hole or opening required, and any number of openings can be
made across the web, by repeating the above, along with a portion of the ordinary
web, and any variety of pattern, or arrangement of openings can be made in all classes
of twilled, dobbie, and figured goods.
In the accompanying sheet of Drawings, Fig. 1 shows a short length of band or
strap, full size, showing three double rows of ventilating openings, the yarn crossing
three threads on top or face side, and three threads on back or under side. The
pegging or card plan shown at Fig. 2, is for working the dupes, dupe standards, and
slackening motions; in weaving this arrangement of holes or openings, there are 12
lifts or picks, and 8 shafts or Healds.

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5 Bottom dupe standard
37
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6
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7
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8
do.
Top dupe slackener
Bottom dupe ditto.
Fig. 3 shows a slackening motion suitable for applying to such looms as those referred
to. a a are two shafts or rods working in bearings in bracket b fixed in any convenient
manner to the top rail c of the looma bracket being fixed to each end of the rail,-
d d are two levers with half moon or sector ends and which are fixed to the shaft a a;
ee are two fingers or levers fixed to the same shafts, to which are attached weights
or springs, for the purpose of keeping the shafts in one position and so that the shafts
can be moved only in one direction-ff are bands for attaching the fingers e e to the
dobbie or jacquard, g g are bands going from the sector ends of the lever d d to the
rods, which can work in slots in the bracket i, one of which is attached to each
side of the loom, in any convenient manner. The dupe or Leno threads in passing
from the yarn beam passes over those rods and when the rods fall, by the action of
the dobbie, the slackening takes place.
Another mode of making the ventilating holes or openings, and which can be done
on the same loom as that described worked with two shuttles, is as follows:-
The web is divided into two or more parts. If two holes are required in the width
of the strap or band, the web is divided into three, and at each division, one or more
empty dents are left. In weaving, one shuttle passes over one third of the strap to
the right and over two thirds to the left whilst forming one hole or opening, and one
third to the left and two thirds to the right for the next opening, and so on
alternately, neither shuttle passing over the part where the opening is to be formed,
each shuttle making two picks at a time, and whilst one is picking, the other is
standing and so on till the hole is formed of the length required.
On that part of the web where openings are not made, the weaving goes on in the
ordinary way, each shuttle going right across the web alternately. Any number of
holes can be made by the lifting and dropping of the yarn where the openings are
required The width of the opening is determined by the number of empty dents
left The length by the number of picks indicated according to the pattern plan or
card, which may be worked either by tappits, dobbies or jacquard.
When the shuttle passes over the empty dent or dents, where the hole has been
already formed or-made in the web, the tension of the yarn in the shuttle joins the
two portions together.
-
Fig. 4, shows a short length of strap full size, showing two rows of holes in the
width of the strap-and is made with eighteen shafts or healds-viz.: one third of the
width of the web is worked on the first six shafts the middle part on the second six
shafts and the remaining third on the last six shafts. Fig. 5 shows the pegging or
card plan for weaving. Fig. 4, having forty eight picks in the length of the
pattern.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is 'to be performed,' we declare that what
we claim is :-
Straps or bands, as, and for the purpose described, woven with holes or openings in
the web for the purpose of ventilation.
Doted this 20th da . A XT