IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR MAKING HORSE-SHOES." A communication from abroad by
John William Chewning, junior, of Shadwell Depôt, Albemarle County, State
of Virginia, United States of America.
Sealed the 27th October 1877, and dated the 7th June.1877.
•
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1877.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middle-
sex, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MAKING HORSE-SHOES." [A
communication from abroad by John William Chewning, junior, of Shadwell Depôt,
Albemarle County, State of Virginia, United States of America.]
This Invention relates to certain improvements in machines for making horse-
shoes, and it consists,―
Ist. In the construction and arrangement of the devices for operating the swaging
die and the bending jaws.
2nd. In the combination with the pivoted jaws of bending and guide rollers.
3rd. In the construction and arrangement of an ejector for the swaged horse-shoe.
4th. In the construction and arrangement of a knife for cutting off a-section of
the bar from which the horse-shoc is made..
5th. In the means for adjusting the length of the cut section.
And, Gth. In the means for automatically feeding the lengths of bars to the knife
to be cut as required.
The framework of the machine is strongly constructed of metal, and of any
suitable shape adapted to form bearings for and carry the operating parts. The
machine has two main shafts arranged at right angles to each other, and geared
together by bevel wheels, the first of these shafts being arranged horizontally at the
top of the framework, and journaled in bearings in the same so as to revolve freely,
while the second shaft is arranged vertically in bearings. The horizontal shaft
carries a cam which plays in a box or yoke attached to a vertical rod, said cam
3...מ

page_text: serving to impart to the rod a vertically reciprocating movement, which effects the
bending of the bar of iron; while the other shaft has a cam which plays in a box
or yoke attached to a die mounted in guides in the framework, and imparts to said
die a horizontally reciprocating movement to effect the swaging of the horse-shoe.
Instead of having, however, the die to slide as described, I may arrange the box or
yoke in side guides, in order to give greater steadiness to the movement of the die
and prevent the oscillation of the same. Two bending jaws are pivoted to the
vertically reciprocating rod at the top, and are pressed outwardly by an intermediate
spring. The lower portion of these jaws is enlarged and provided with sheaves or
friction rollers, upon which the bar of iron that forms the horse-shoe rests, and by
which the said bar is bent as the jaws rise, the bar being introduced while the rollers
are below the die, and between the said die and rollers on the jaws. Upon the
outside of each of the jaws is arranged a stationary plate or bar which carries a
roller, these second set of rollers bearing against the outside edges of the jaws to
force them inwardly as they rise, so as to effect the bending of the bar around the
portion of the die constituting the former. These rollers are flanged upon their
peripheries, and the outside edges of the jaws are correspondingly flanged or rabeted,
so that the rollers not only servo to force the jaws inward but also operate as guides
by reason of their peculiar construction to prevent the lateral displacement of the
said jaws.
The female die is constructed in two parts of plates, of which one is cut away in
such a manner as to conform to the outer edge of the horse-shoe, while the other
forms the face or bottom of the shoe, the said latter plate being also perforated to
admit the passage of the ejector, and having upon its face a raised lip or flange that
forms the groove or crease in the bottom of the shoc that is to receive the heads of
the nails.
The ejector consists of a slide provided with a tongue on each side, which slide
fits in the perforation in the last-mentioned plate of the die, and which tongues fit
and slide in grooves in said plate. This slide is perforated longitudinally, and has a
continuous rod running its entire length through said perforation, which rod is
screw-threaded at both ends. One of these ends of the rod is screwed into a socket
in the end of the swaging die, while the outer end is provided with a screw nut,
which determines the position of the slide on the rod, and thus regulates the ejector
according to the thickness of the shoe that is being formed. It will thus be seen
that the ejector is attached directly to the swaging die and in aligument with the
same, and that it may be adjusted to suit different thicknesses of shoes. After the
shoe has been formed the retrograde movement of the die brings the slide forward,
and as its sliding tongues project far enough to catch the shoe they remove it from
its seat and carry it to a position between the bending jaws, when it is free to
drop, the said jaws being cut away in order to give clearance to the discharge of
the shoe.
To regulate the length of the section of metal to be cut to form the shoe, I have
constructed upon each side of the die a gauge, of which one is simply a stop bar
pivoted at the top to the framework, and provided below with an adjusting screw,
by means of which the said bar is forced inwardly to or out from the dio, so as to
shorten or lengthen the section of metal between the said bar and the knife, which
is located upon the opposite side on a second gauge bar. This latter bar is attached
to a cross bar fastened to the framework, and carries a knife bar which consists of a
bar arranged in a guide, which bar terminates above in an enlarged projection, and
in a cutting edge below, the cutting edge being located just below the hole through
which the bar is inserted into the machine. This knife bar is held down by a
spring, and is elevated to cut off the section of metal by a cam upon the horizontal
shaft of the machine, which shaft in its revolution strikes a projection of the k
and moves the cutting edge across the hole.
knife
To compensate for the adjustment of the stop bar and make the bending of the
cut section of metal exactly in the middle, the second bar is left free to move below,
which to disisted with the binding

page_text: screw on the other side so as to prevent one branch of the horse-shoe from being
longer than the other.
Having thus described in detail the construction of the machine proper, its
general operation is as follows:-The horizontal main shaft being set in motion by
any suitable application of power, the bar of iron from which the shoe is to be
formed is inserted into the inachine and cut off to a proper length by the knife
while resting upon the rollers of the bending jaws immediately below the swaging
die. The jaws then rise and bend the cut section around the former of the die;
after which the die itself advances and swages the shoe into proper shape in the
female die. Then upon the retrograde movement of the die the ejector throws out
the shoe and the operation is complete.
For the devices for feeding the bars to the machine a bent lever is pivoted upon
à shaft with a long bearing, and its lower arm is arranged to be drawn outwardly by
a spiral spring, while its upper arm is struck by a cam upon the horizontal shaft of
the machine so as to give at the proper interval a vibrating movement to the said
lever.
A table or plate supports the horse-shoe bar, which table is maintained upon
suitable supports upon a level with the upper surface of the bending jaw rollers
when the latter are in their lowest position. This table is provided upon one side
with a guide flange, which steadies the lower end of the lever; and with feeding
throats, through which the bar loosely passes to the machine, and by which the bar
is securely held against lateral displacement.
As the
The lower end of the lever has a gripping spring provided with a hook, while the
table is furthermore provided with a deflector plate beveled at its opposite ends
upon opposite sides. Now, as the lever vibrates from the combined action of the
cam and spring its lower end moves back and forth over the table, carrying the
horse-shoe bar, its movement being rendered true and free from lateral variation by
reason of the long bearing of the pivot and the guide flange of the table.
lower end of the lever passes back and outwardly the hook passes upon the outside
of the deflector plate, opening the gripper, formed by the gripping spring and the
lower end of the lever. As it passes off the end of the deflector plate the grippers
close upon the bar, and after the cam in the shaft passes the lever the spiral spring.
operates to feed the bar to the machine, the hook passing upon the inside of the
deflector plate in its forward movement, and a flat spring serving to prevent the
accidental withdrawal of the bar on the backward movement. The operation of
feeding is thus rendered automatic by the devices just described, and the feeding of
the hot bars effected in a perfect and reliable manner.

page_text: Figure 1 is a side clevation of the machine, part being broken away to show the
construction and arrangement of the ejector; Figure 2 is a vertical section of the
machine on line x, x, Figure 1.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 are detail views, which will be herein-after referred to.
Figures 6 and 7 are respectively a side and edge view of the feeding devices
applied to a part of the machine, and Figure 8 is a detail plan view of a table
forming a part of the feeding devices.
°
Referring in the Drawing to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, A, A1, A2, represent the frame-
work of the machine, which is to be strongly constructed of metal, and of any
suitable shape adapted to form bearings for and carry the operating parts of the
machine; B, B¹, are the two main shafts of the machine, which are arranged at right
angles to each other, and are geared together by the bevel wheels a. The first of
these shafts B is arranged horizontally at the top of the framework, and is journalled
in bearings in the same, so as to revolve freely, while the second shaft B' is arranged
vertically in bearings d. Shaft B carries a cam b, which plays in a box or yoke C
attached to the rod D, said cam serving to impart to the rod a vertically reciprocating
movement, which effects the bending of the bar of iron, while shaft B' has a cam bi
which plays in a box or yoke C attached to the die E, and imparts to said die a
horizontally reciprocating movement, which effects the swaging of the horse-shoc.
The rod D is arranged to reciprocate in guides c, c, while the die E slides in guides
in the framework. Instead of having the die E however to slide as shown I may
arrange the box or yoke C in side guides, in order to give greater stendiness to the
movement of the die and prevent the oscillation of the same. F, F, are the two
bending jaws, which are pivoted to the reciprocating rod D at the top, and are
pressed outwardly by an intermediate spring G₁. The lower portion of these jaws
is enlarged at e, Figure 5, and provided with sheaves or friction rollers f, upon which
the bar of iron that forms the horse-shoe rests, and by which the said bar is bent as
the jaws rise, the bar being introduced while the rollers are below the die and
between the said die and rollers on the jaws. Upon the outside of each of the
jaws F is arranged a stationary plate or bar G carrying a roller g, which second set
of rollers bears against the outside edges of the jaws and forces them inwardly as
they rise, so as to effect the bending of the bar around the portion h (Figure 1) of
the die constituting the former. These rollers g are flanged upon their peripheries,

page_text: and the outside edges of the jaws are correspondingly flanged or rabetted at i,
Figure 5, so that the rollers not only serve to force the jaws inwardly, but also
operate as guides by reason of their peculiar construction, to prevent the lateral
displacement of the said jaws.-
:
The female die, Figures 1 and 4, is constructed in two plates H, H, of which H.is
cut away in such manner as to conform to the outer edge of the horse-shoe, while
H forms the face or bottom of the shoe, the said latter plate being also perforated
to admit the passage of the ejector, and having upon its face the raised lift or
flange j, that forms the groove or crease in the bottom of the shoe that is to receive
the heads of the nails.
The ejector consists of a slide I provided with a tongue on each side, which
slide fits in the perforation in plate H¹ of the die, and which tongues fit and slide™
in grooves in said plate: This slide I is perforated longitudinally and has a
continuous rod m running its entire length through said perforation. This rod is
screw threaded at both ends, and one of the ends of the rod is screwed, into a
socket in the end of the die E, while the outer end is provided with a screw nut n.
which determines the position of the slide I on the rod m, and thus regulates the
ejector according to the thickness of the shoe that is being formed. It will thus be
seen that the ejector is attached directly to the swaging die, and in alignment with the
same, and that it may be adjusted to suit different thicknesses of shoes. After the
shoe has been formed the retrograde movement of the die brings the slide I forward,
and as its sliding tongues project far enough to catch the shoe they remove it from*
its seat and carry it to a position between the jaws F, whence it is free to drop, the.
said jaws being cut away in order to give clearance to the discharge of the shoe.
To regulate the length of the section of metal to be cut to form the shoe, I have
constructed upon each side of the die a gauge, of which J is simply a stop bar
pivoted at the top to the framework, and provided below with an adjusting screw ö,
by means of which the said bar is forced inwardly to or out from the die, so as to
shorten or lengthen the section of metal between the said bar and the knife which
is located upon the opposite side on a second gauge bar K. This latter bar K is
attached to a cross bar L, fastened to the framework, and carries the knife bar M,.
consisting of a bar arranged in guide p, Figure 3, terminating above in an enlarged
projection 9, Figure 2, and in a cutting edge », Figure 3, below, which cutting edge
is located just below the holes, through which the bar is inserted into the machine.
This said knife bar is held down by a spring t, and is elevated to cut off the section
of metal by a cam u upon the main shaft B, which in its revolution strikes the'
projection of the knife and moves the cutting edge across the hole 8. .
.
To compensate for the adjustment of the gauge bar J, and make the bending of
the cut section of metal exactly in the middle, the bar K is left free to move below,
and is also provided with a binding screw v..which is adjusted with a binding
screw on the other side, so as to prevent one-half of the horse-shoc from being
longer than the other.
$
Having thus described in detail the construction of the machine proper, its general'
operation is as follows:-The main shaft B being set in motion by any suitable
application of power, the bar of iron from which the shoe is to be formed is inserted
through the hole s. Knife M then cuts off the proper length of bar, which rests
upon the rollers of the jaws. Fiminediately below the die E. The jaws F then rise
and bend the cut, section around the former of the die E, after which the die itself
advances and swages the shoe into proper shape in the female die; then upon the
retrograde movement of the die the ejector throws out the shoe and the operation.
is complete.
-
7
As so far described no provision for feeding the bars to the machine has been
shown. The means for effecting this are shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8. In these
Figures the feeding devices are shown applied to a portion of the machine slightly
modified from that shown in Figures 1 and 2, i.e., the. knife M, instead of being
fixed to the gauge' bar and operated by a.cam u, as in Figures 1 and 2, is attached

page_text: directly to the yoke C. The arrangement and mode of operation; however, is in:
other respects substantially the same:
For the feeding devices a bent lever D' is pivoted upon a shaft E' with a long
bearing d', and its lower arm is arranged to be drawn inwardly by a spring FI,
while its upper arm is struck by a cam e¹ upon the revolving shāft B, so as to give
at the proper interval a vibrating movement to the said lever:
His a table or plate arranged to support the horse-shoe bar, which table is
maintained upon suitable supports upon a level with the upper surface of the
bending jaw rollers when the latter are in their lowest position: This table is pro-
vided upon one side with a guide flange f¹, which steadies the lower end of the
lever, and with feeding throats g², g², through which the bar loosely passés to the
machine, and by which the bar is securely held against lateral displacement.
The lower end of the lever is provided with a gripping spring I, provided with
a hook h; while the table, H2 is furthermore provided with a deflector plate J¹
bevelled at its opposite ends upon opposite sides. Now, as the lever vibrates from
the combined action of the cam and spring, its lower end moves back and forth over
the table; carrying the horse-shoe bar, its movement being rendered true and free
from lateral variations by reason of the long bearing d' of the pivot and the guido
flange of the table. As the lower end of the lever passes back and outwardly
the hook h passes upon the outside of the deflector plate, opening the gripper
formed by the spring and the lower end of the lever. As it passes off the end
of the deflector. plate the grippers close upon the bar, and after the cam e¹ passes.
the spring operates to feed the bar to the machine, the hook h¹ passing upon the
inside of the deflector plate J¹ in its forward movement, and a spring serving to
prevent the accidental withdrawal of the bar on the backward movement. The
operation of feeding is thus rendered automatic by the devices just described, and
the feeding of the hot bars is effected in a perfect and reliable manner.
:
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,
First. The combination in a horse-shoe machine, with the rod D carrying the
bending jaws and the die E, of the boxes or yokes C, C¹, and the shafts B, B₁₂
connected by bevel gear and having cams b, b', substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Second. The pivoted reciprocating bending jaws F, having flanged or rabbeted
edges i in combination with the flanged stationary rollers g, substantially as and
for the purpose described.
Third. In a horse-shoe machine the combination with the swaging die of an
ejector, arranged in alignment upon the end of said die and operated simul-
taneously with the die on its retrograde movement to eject the horse-shoe, sub-
stantially as described.
Fourth. The combination with the die E, having a screw socket in the end,
of the rod m, slide I, and nut n, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Fifth. The die E and the perforated female die H, H', having grooves in
combination with the slide I,- having tongues K and the continuous rod m, having
screw-threaded ends and nut n, as and for the purpose described.
Sixth. The knife bar M, having cutting edge r and projection q, in combination
with the spring t, the bar k having holes, and the shaft B having cam u, as and.
for the purpose described.
Seventh. The combination with the swaging devices of the pivoted gauge bar J,
having set screw o, and the gauge bar K carrying the knife, and having the set
screw v, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Eighth. The combination of the shaft B, having cam e¹, the lever D¹, spring F¹,
the gripping spring I¹, having hook h¹, and the table H³, having deflector plate J',
substantially as and for the purpose described.
Ninth. The vibrating lever D¹ carrying a gripping attachment at its lower end,

page_text: provided with hook h¹, in combination with the table having deflector plate J',
throats g¹, g³, and guide flange f¹, substantially as and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
T
OT AD17