IMPROVEMENTS IN PERVENING INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS AND STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1, FRANCIS
WATTEEU, of Finsbury Square, in the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West:
minster, the Sixteenth day of November, in the eighth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Francis
Watteeu, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Francis Watteeu, my exors, adiñiors, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Francis Watteeu, my exors, adññors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PERVENING INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS
AND STEAM GENERATORS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that I, the said Francis Watteeu, shall cause a particular description of the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Francis Watteeu, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
The object of this Invention is, to prevent incrustation in steam boilers by
introducing therein a mixture composed of various chemical substances,
according to the size of the boiler, and the nature or composition of the water
employed for feeding the same. The manner of using the Invention is as
follows: For a boiler of from ten-horse power supplied with water containing
sulphate of lime, I use the mixture No. 1, composed of four pounds of catechu,
two pounds of dextrine, four pounds of crystals of soda, one pound of American
potashes, one pound of beet-root sugar, one pound of alum, one pound gum
arabic. For a boiler of the samé power supplied with water containing chloride
of lime I employ the mixture No. 2, composed of four pounds of turmeric,
two pounds of dextrine, four pounds of bicarbonate of soda, one pound of
American potash, one pound of molasses, one pound of alum. For a boiler
of the same power, supplied with ferruginous water, I employ the mixture
No. 3, composed of four pounds of gambia, four pounds of salt of soda, two
pounds of dextrine, one pound of Russian potashes, one pound of sugar, one
pound of alum, one pound of gum arabic. For a boiler of the same power,
supplied with sea water, I employ the mixture No. 4, composed of four pounds
of catechu, four pounds of sulphate of soda, fcur pounds of dextrine, one
pound of alum, one pound of gum arabic. These substances must be mixed
with about two quarts of water, and the boiler supplied therewith once a
month for ordinary cases of incrustation, once a fortnight for hard or extensive
incrustation, and once in six weeks for a very slight incrustation. Any com-
petent engineer will be able from this description to judge how often the
mixture is required to be applied. For boilers of from ten to twenty horse.
power, the quantity of each ingredient must be increased one quarter. For
boilers of from twenty to thirty-horse power, each ingredient must be increased
one half. For boilers of from thirty to forty-horse power, the quantity of each
ingredient must be increased three fourths. For boilers of from forty to fifty-
horse power, the quantity of each ingredient must be doubled, and so increasing
one fourth for every additional ten-horse power. For steamboat boilers of
thirty-horse power, supplied with river water, the following mixture is to be
employed, to be renewed with every fresh supply of water:-Six pounds crystals
of soda, six pounds dextrine, two pounds alum, one pound pearl ash, two
pounds sugar. For steamboat boilers of thirty-horse power, supplied with sea
water, the following mixture (renewed with each fresh supply of water) is to

page_text: be employed-Eight pounds carbonate of soda, eight pounds dextrine, one
pound alum, one pound Russian potashes, four pounds sugar. The ingre-
dients are to be increased in quantity one fourth for every additional ten-horse
power. For a thirty-horse power locomotive boiler, the following mixture is
to be employed, and renewed every six days:-Six pounds crystals of soda,
one pound dextrine, one pound alum, two pounds of sugar. I do not intend
to confine myself to the exact proportions above set forth, as they may be
varied.
I would remark, that I am aware that soda and potash have before been
used for such purposes; I do not, therefore, claim the use of either soda or
potash separately. But what I claim is, their use combined with some of the
other matters herein mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Watteeu, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.