IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SHEARING OR CUTTING PILE-FABRICS, AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS FOR OBTAINING ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS THEREON Coin-
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Denton Abel of No 28 Southampton Buildings
"
Chancery Lane in the county of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SHEARING OR CUTTING PILE-FABRICS, AND OTHER
TEXTILE FABRICS FOR OBTAINING ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS THEREON Coin-
municated to him from abroad by La Societé A Labrosse et J. Richard, of
Dosis in the Franch ranublic a manufacturing company
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Denton Abel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st December 1882.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SHEARING OR
"
CUTTING PILE-FABRICS AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS FOR OBTAINING ORNAMENTAL
DESIGNS THEREFROM [A communication to him from abroad by La Societé
A. Labrosse et J. Richard, of Paris in the French republic, a manufacturing
company]
Various methods have been proposed for producing on pile fabrics, or fabrics
having a nap, by means of shearing machines, straight or curved line grooved
designs, by the use of plates, having apertures, interposed between the fabric and
the cutting blades. According to the present invention, the said perforated plates
are dispensed with and the desired designs are produced either by constructing the
table on which the fabric is placed with projecting or recessed parts, or by employing
in place thereof a cylinder or drum, having projecting or recessed parts of a confi-
guration corresponding to the desired design, the invention being based on the fact
observed by my correspondents that when a fabric, resting upon a solid support
engraved with a certain design is submitted to the action of cutting or shearing
blades, these will only act upon those parts of the fabric that rest upon the pro-
jecting parts of the design, inasmuch as the portions situated over the hollows or

page_text: grooves yield to the pressure of the, cutters and are not acted upon thereby, so that
cut or sheared patterns are produced on the fabric corresponding in configuration
to the projecting design of the bed. It will be evident that the moving table or
revolving cylinder with the projecting or engraved pattern thereon, may bo
arranged and actuated in a variety of ways, and the patterns may be produced
thereon in any known manner such as by the action of acids or electrolytic
processes.
In the case where an engraved cylinder is used, the surface speed of the cylinder
must of course be the same as the speed of travel of the fabric, which may be con-
veniently insured by driving the cylinder by belt chain, or other gearing from the
axis of the cylinder that feeds the fabric.
The cutting or shearing instruments may be of the usual description, such as a
fixed knife edge against which a roller having helical cutting blades works

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Denton Abel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th June.
1883.
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SHEARING OR CUTTING
PILE-FABRICS AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS FOR OBTAINING ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS
"
THEREON a communication to me from abroad by La Societé A. Labrosse et
J Richard, of Paris in the French Republic, a manufacturing Company.
Various methods have been proposed for producing on pile fabrics, or fabrics
having a nap, by means of shearing machines, straight or curved line grooved.
designs, by the use of plates having apertures interposed between the fabric and
the cutting blades.
According to the present invention, the said perforated plates are dispensed with,
and the desired designs are produced either by constructing the table on which the
fabric is placed with projecting or recessed parts, or by employing in place thereof
a cylinder or drum, having projecting or recessed parts of a configuration corre-
sponding to the desired design, the invention being based on the fact observed by
my correspondents that when a fabric resting upon a solid support, engraved with
a certain design, is submitted to the action of cutting or shearing blades, these will
only act upon those parts of the fabric that rest upon the projecting parts of the
design, inasmuch as the portions situated over the hollows or grooves yield to the
pressure of the cutters and are not acted upon thereby, so that cut or sheared
patterns are produced on the fabric corresponding in configuration to the projecting
design of the bed. It will be evident that the moving table or revolving cylinder
with the projecting or engraved pattern thereon, may be arranged and actuated in
a variety of ways, and the patterns may be produced thereon in any known manner
such as by the action of acids or electrolytic processes.
In the case where an engraved cylinder is used the surface speed of the cylinder
must of course be the same as the speed of travel of the fabric, which may be con-
veniently insured by driving the cylinder by belt, chain or other gearing from the
axis of the cylinder that feeds the fabric.
The cutting or shearing instruments may be of the usual description, such as a
fixed knife edge against which a roller having helical cutting blades works.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 of the Drawings shews a part side view of a table A having a series of
grooves or recesses which may be of any desired configuration, formed on its face
on which the pile fabric (which may or may not have been previously sheared) is
laid while being subjected to the action of the cutters, according to this invention.
Fig. 2 shews a side view of an arrangement in which the grooved or recessed table
D

page_text: exactly, reproduced on the latter. This need not always be the case, however, as
for example; circular projections on the cylinder may be made to produce more or
less oval designs on the fabric, by causing the latter to travel slightly faster than
the former; or again, a design of regular squares on the cylinder may be made to
produce rectangles of varying proportions on the fabric, according as the motion of
the cylinder or the fabric is accelerated or retarded relatively to the other part;
or by stopping the motion of the cylinder entirely, simple stripes may be produced
on the fabric.
The recessed designs on the cylinder may be produced by any known means, such
as by electrotyping, by etching, or by engraving.
Figs. 3 and 4 shew respectively an end view and front view of a shearing machine
constructed according to the second described system.
The parts required to be added to the machine for the purposes of this invention,
such as the recessed cylinder B to be employed in place of the table, and the
mechanism for driving the same are shewn in dotted lines. The other parts of the
machine are the same as those now in use and need therefore not be described.
The cylinder B is carried by trunnions b b in bearings P P. One of the trunnions
carries on its end a disc D which receives rotary motion by frictional contact with
the roller I fixed on the slightly inclined shaft Q which carries at its other end a
roller J which receives rotary motion by frictional contact with the disc K whose
shaft is driven by a strap and pulley or other gearing, or by a crank, according as
it may be driven by power or by hand. In the former case, the pulley or gearing
receives motion either from some other moving part of the machine or from an
independent motor.
Having thus described 'the nature of the said invention and in what manner tho
same is to be performed as communicated to me by my foreign corrrespondents,
I claim :-
The construction of apparatus for producing sheared designs on pile fabrics and
other textile fabrics wherein the surface upon which the fabric rests while it is
subjected to the action of the shearing cutters, is provided with raised or sunk
designs corresponding to those to be produced on the fabric, substantially as herein
described.
In Witness whereof I the said Charles Denton Abel have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Twentieth day of June in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty-three.