IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES; OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1847

page_text: NEWTON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
NEWTON, of Litton Mill, near Bakewell, in the County' of Derby, Cotton
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-third day of September, in the eleventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Henry Newton, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Henry Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and
such others as I, the said Henry Newton, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING AND
DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Henry Newton, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High
Court of Chancery, within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear..
.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Newton, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being bad to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention of improvements in spinning and doubling cotton and other
fibrous substances consists, firstly, in a novel mode of mounting and driving
the spindles of doubling and spinning machinery, whereby the friction of the
rotating spindles will be considerably diminished; and, secondly, in building
up or producing the cops or bobbins of yarn or thread of a beehive form,
instead of the ordinary shape, whereby the thread or yarn will in a great
measure be prevented from breaking or "snarling."
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents in elevation a spindle
mounted according to my Invention; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of part of a
spinning machine, shewing a series of spindles arranged side by side; Fig. 3
is a cross section of the same; and Fig. 4 is a plan view of the spindle
frame and the driving parts of the spindles. A, A, are the spindles, which
carry the flyers at their upper ends, and are mounted in steps B, supported by
the spindle frame C. In order to retain the spindles in a vertical position,
they are made to work in guides or collars D, fixed in the stationary bar E.
Immediately above this bar is the copping rail F, which carries the bobbins,
and by the movements of this rail, as is well understood, the bobbins are made
to rise and fall gradually, and receive the spun yarn or thread from the
flyers. G is the main driving shaft of the machine, and upon it a series of
friction wheels H is mounted. These wheels carry on their periphery the
whole weight of the spindles and flyers, and cause them to rotate, as will be
presently explained. a is a tubular pin, attached by a pin or screw to the
lower end of the spindle (see Fig. 1), and upon the upper end of the tubular
piece cloth or other suitable washers 6 are placed. These washers are intended
to be brought into contact with the periphery of the vertical friction wheel H,
and thus receive rotary motion, and communicate it to the spindle round
which they are placed. The washers are kept to their work by the shoulder
of the tubular piece c, which is slipped on to the spindle, and secured thereto
before the tubular piece a is fixed in its place. When, therefore, rotary motion
is communicated to the main driving shaft G, the whole series of wheels H
will revolve and drive their several spindles and flyers, the latter of which will
take up the yarn and deliver it properly spun on to their respective bobbins.
By referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the spindle does not rest on the

page_text: step B, but that it is borne up by the wheel H being in contact with the
washers or friction surfaces, which are secured to the spindle, and that the
step B acts merely as a guide similar to the guide D for keeping the spindle
in its vertical position. When it is required to stop the machine for doffing,
the spindle frame C is raised in front, together with the steps B, whereby the
spindles are pushed up to such an extent as will throw the washers b out of
contact with the rotating wheels H, and the rotary motion of the flyers con-
sequently ceases. In order to effect the raising and depression of the spindle
frame, it is provided with joint pins at its ends, which pins enter the main
framing, and form pivots on which the spindle frame hangs. It is further
supported in front by arms I, which project from the main framing. To retain
the frame C in its elevated position, I employ a lever K, or other similar con-
trivance, which can be readily applied when required, and thrust aside when
the frame is to be depressed.
I will now explain the construction and arrangement of parts for effecting
the copping motion and producing the beehive form of cop. L is a horizontal
shaft, mounted in bearings in the main framing, and connected by any
convenient train of gearing with the main driving shaft. Upon this shaft La
heart wheel M, shewn detached, and on an enlarged scale at Fig. 5, is keyed,
and being made to rotate in the direction of the arrow, its periphery is
brought into contact with a bowl or roller d, mounted on a stud projecting
from the side of a sliding bar N. This bar is jointed to the pendant end of a
crank lever O, having its bearing at P, in the main framing, and connected at
its other end by means of an adjusting screw with the copping rail F, which
carries the bobbins. It will thus be understood that every revolution of the
heart wheel will raise the copping rail by elevating the upper end of the crank
lever while the lower end is thrust forward by the sliding motion of the bar N,
and that the weight of the rail will cause it to descend when the decreasing
diameter of the heart wheel comes in contact with the bowl d. The form of
the bobbin is best shewn at Fig. 1. The peculiarity consists in rounding off
the upper end, so as to prevent the injurious contact of the yarn or thread
with the head of the bobbin when elevated to its highest position by the
copping rail.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I wish it to be understood that I lay no general claim to the
driving of spindles and flyers by the employment of rotating friction surfaces,
as that has been long known and practised. But I claim,―
First, the arrangement of parts above described and shewn in the Drawings,
whereby the weight of the spindle and flyer is made to produce the necessary

page_text: friction of contact with a driving wheel or friction surface keyed to an axle,
'which revolves in stationary bearings, and which arrangement allows of the
connection between the spindle and 'revolving friction surface being instantly
suspended when required.
Secondly, I claim the peculiar form of heart wheel for producing the
copping motion, and also the peculiar form of bobbin- shewn in the Drawing,
whereby the winding on of the yarn may be effected with greater freedom
from. snarling and breaking than by the means ordinarily employed in such
operation.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry. Newton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day. of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-eight.
.:
HENRY (L.S.).. NEWTON.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-first day of
March, in the year..above mentioned, the aforesaid Henry Newton came
before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi
cation aforesaid; and all. and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped, according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case, made and. provided.
Inrolled the Twenty-third day of March, in the year above written.
LONDON: 1
Printed by: GEORGE EDWARD EYRE' and WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE;
Printers to the. Queen's most Excellent Majesty. 1856..
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