Improvements in Mechanism for Driving the Shuttles and Beating up the Weft in Circular Looms.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th Feb., 1900-Accepted, 31st Mar., 1900
IVO VIDIONAL
DIECINICATION.
Improvements in Mechanism for Driving the Shuttles and Beating up
the Weft in Circular Looms.
I, CARL HEROLD, of 44, Zeile, Brünn, in the Empire of Austria, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
By the arrangement for the driving of loom shuttles and for beating up the
weft in circular looms which constitutes the object of the present invention the
shuttles are driven forward by means of rollers fitted to them which lie in trough-
shaped portions of a continuous track formed in the (beating-up) reeds by means
of a peculiarly shaped grooved cam and which are compelled to roll continuously
forward by a wave-like progressive motion of the track which motion the shuttle
follows and lays in the weft. In this manner the shuttles have a steady motion
even when driven most rapidly and describe a path concentric with the centre.
of the circular loom which is not interfered with by the centrifugal forces pro-
duced since these are completely annulled by the peculiar construction of the.
reeds and the rollers.
The reeds are pivoted on a ring and are guided by slots of a second ring and
are of such a length that their arms in every position remain between the outer
and inner warp threads of the upper shed. These arms are on their upper edge
formed or cut out in the shape of a step so that the notched out part even in
their lowest position is inclined in a plane downwards towards the centre of the
circular loom. The surfaces of the notches form the track or race for the
shuttle.
The shuttle consists of a tube at the front end of which a roller is fitted to
rotate freely the roller is conically inclining towards the centre of the loom
whilst on the under side of the shuttle there are strips fastened the first close to.
the roller and the latter towards the back end.
In order to make the shuttle slide with certainty the roller as well as the back
part of the tube is made of some specially heavy metal and the former is pre-
ferably covered with leather.
The groove of the cam by which the reeds are actuated is formed with an
upwards sloping path, a hollow portion, and further on is a straight and gently
downwards sloping or inclined course, further on it has a straight course sloping
considerably downwards and finally it passes off in a horizontal course and the
same shape is then repeated.
It should be noted that the groove is divided into as many consecutive por-
tions as there are shuttles to be driven all at the same time.
'
In one arrangement the groove is divided into 4 parts so that this arrange-
ment serves for driving simultaneously four shuttles.
The track or race formed by the reed arms along the bearing surfaces corre-
sponds with one portion of the cam groove. This race or track is composed of
the path sloping downwards followed by a trough shaped portion a straight
course sloping upwards a course sloping more steeply upwards and a horizontal
course and this track is repeated obviously as often as the corresponding portion

page_text: in the cam groove. Moreover the tracks appear to slope more and the trough
to be more hollow than the corresponding parts of the groove since the former
are further removed from the fulcrums of the reeds than is the groove of the
cam.
3.
L
The way in which the arrangement described acts is as follows:-When the
circular loom is standing still the arms of the reeds form by their upper sur-
faces, the shaped track or race. The shuttles are placed with their rollers in the
troughs formed by the bearing surfaces and the strips on their under side on the
part of the race which slopes down towards the trough so that the strips, come
against the surfaces formed by the projecting portions and which are perpendi-
cular to the bearing surface. On the. loom being set going, the central vertical
shaft carries round the cam which is fast to it; the groove divided into con-
secutive portions actuates. the reeds whereby the race or track formed by t the
bearing surfaces progresses like a wave. Through the wave-like progressive
motion of the track or race. the roller by the friction which is produced, is com-
pelled to roll forwards as that part of the reeds to the right side of the roller, is
being continuously moved upwards and that part of the reeds to the left side is
being continuously moved downwards.
This movement is assisted by the shuttle sliding on the strips on the plane
which always slopes towards the trough and by its own weight endeavours to
follow the roller.
A displacement of the onward-driven shuttle in a radial direction owing to
centrifugal force does not take place but the strips glide without deviating
from the sliding surfaces since on the one hand the bearing surfaces are con-
stantly inclined inwards and on the other hand the shuttle-roller tapers towards
the inner side, whereby the centrifugal force imparted to the shuttle is com-
pletely resisted.
By the passing of the back reed arms into the deepest part of the groove the
front reed-arms pass into the highest part of the track and in the latter position
beat by their bevelled ends the weft which has been laid in by the shuttle
upwards to the finished fabric whereupon the change in the shed takes place in
the well known manner.
.
To prevent the ends of the reed arms from any possibility of coming outside
the outer shed and also to keep the reeds at their free ends at a determinate dis-
tance apart, their outer ends are bent at right angles or fitted with slips.
A modified shape of groove is intended to form two trough-shaped portions in
the race or track previously described so that two rollers may be used with every
shuttle one at the front and the other at the back whereby an easier forward
movement of the shuttles is obtained.
This modified groove begins with an upward sloping portion continues as a
trough-shaped part, further as a straight horizontal path, then a portion trough-
shaped symmetrical, with the front part, then further as a downwards sloping
path, and finally passes off in a straight horizontal portion which is repeated as
before.
To the portions of the cam groove thus described corresponds a similar race or
track formed by the bearing surfaces of the reed arms.
The latter consists of a downward sloping portion to which follows the
trough-shaped portion, a straight horizontal portion, a trough-shaped portion, an
upward sloping portion, and a straight horizontal portion, and this track is of
course repeated in the same way as in the cam groove.
From this description it will be seen that each portion of the race or track
contains two trough-shaped portions and for this reason the shuttles intended
for use with this arrangement are each fitted with two rollers one at the front
and the other at the back conically tapering towards the inner side.
The front roller runs in the front trough-shaped portion of the track, the
back roller in the second trough-shaped portion, whilst in this method of con-
struction the strips are fixed to the under side of the shuttle, between the rollers

page_text: and rest on the horizontal portions of the track and are supported at the same
time, as before, against the surfaces of the reeds.
21
The process of driving the shuttles is here the same as before only that now
there are two rollers to each shuttle which are urged to roll forwards whereby
the movement of the shuttle is facilitated since the shuttle is drawn forwards by
the front roller and pushed forward by the back one.
The beating-up of the weft is effected as before by a portion of the cam
groove forcing the reed-arms upwards.
It appears moreover clear that in the present arrangement by a corresponding
formation of the cam groove, that is, by giving to it several trough shaped
portions, several trough-shaped portions of the race or track are produced and
therefore more than two rollers can be attached to each shuttle.
Dated this 25th day of November 1899
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in Mechanism for Driving the Shuttles and Beating up
the Weft in Circular Looms.
I, CARL HEROLD, of 44, Zeile, Brünn, in the Empire of Austria, Machine
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
By the arrangement for the driving of loom shuttles in circular looms which
constitutes the object of the present invention the shuttles are driven forwards
by means of rollers fitted to them which lie in trough-shaped portions of a con-
tinuous track formed in the (beating-up) reeds by means of a peculiarly shaped
grooved cam and which are compelled to roll continuously forward by a wave-
like. progressive motion of the track which motion the shuttle follows and lays
in the weft. In this manner the shuttles have a steady motion even when
driven most rapidly and describe a path concentric with the centre of the circular
loom which is not interfered with by the centrifugal forces produced since these
are completely annulled by the peculiar construction of the reeds and the rollers.
In the accompanying drawing a circular loom is illustrated fitted with the
improvements.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 1. Is a vertical section partly in elevation.
A portion of the developed cam-groove.
A section developed along line of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
back.
Fig. 4.
shown and
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Another method of constructing the shuttle with small rollers at the
A plan of Fig. 1 in which only a portion of the beating-up reeds is
the arrangement for forming the shed omitted.
A section along y y of Fig. 3.
A plan of the (beating-up) reeds h.
A portion of the developed modified cam-groove.
A developed vertical section of the reeds when the latter are being
actuated by the cam-groove of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9. A plan of the (beating-up) reeds and the shuttle of Fig. 8.
The reeds
are pivoted on a ring h³ and are guided by vertical slots in a

page_text: hoop. They are of such a length that their arms h6 in every position remain
between the outer and inner warp threads of the upper shed. These arms h6 are
on their upper edge formed or cut out in the shape of a step so that the notched
out part even in their lowest position is inclined in a plane downwards.
towards the centre of the circular loom. The surfaces of the notches h¹form
the track or race for the shuttle s.
{ "
The shuttle consists of a tube at the front end, of which is a roller r fitted
to rotate freely the roller is conical tapering towards the centre of the loom
whilst on the under side of the shuttle there are strips 661 fastened the first close
to the roller and the latter towards the back end.
To cause the shuttles to slide with certainty the roller'r and the back part of
the tube s¹ are made of some specially heavy metal the roller being preferably
covered with leather. The groove of the cam by which the reeds are
actuated through their arms 9 has the shape shown in Fig. 2. This groove
begins with an upward sloping path n sinks down in a hollow portion n¹ and
further on has a straight and gently downwards sloping or inclined course n³
further on it has an inclined course 3 sloping considerably downwards and
finally it passes off in a horizontal course to which last portion a second course n
of the groove k¹ follows.
It should be noted that the groove is divided into as many consecutive por-
tions n n as there are shuttles to be driven at one time. In this arrangement
corresponding with the drawing Fig. 2 the groove is divided into 4 parts n to n
so that this arrangements serves for driving simultaneously four shuttles.
The track or race formed by the reed arms he along the bearing surfaces h¹
corresponds with one portion n-n of the cam-groove 4. This race or track is
composed of the path o sloping downwards followed by a trough-shaped por-
tion o an inclined course o² sloping upwards a course o³ sloping more steeply
upwards and a horizontal course of and this track o-ot is repeated obviously, as
often as the path n-n.
The way in which the arrangement described acts is as follows:
When the circular loom is at rest the arms h6 of the reeds h form by their
upper surfaces h¹ planes o-o Fig. 3. The shuttles s are placed with their
rollers in the trough o¹ formed by the bearing surfaces h¹ and on the part of
the race o which slopes down towards the trough so that the strips bbl. come
against the surfaces h² formed by the projecting portions 5 and which are per-
pendicular to the bearing surfaces h¹ Fig. 5.
On the loom being set in motion the vertical shaft a carries round the cam 13
which is fast to it the groove divided into consecutive portions n actuates
the reeds h whereby the race or track oot formed by the bearing surfaces h¹
progresses like a wave, the surfaces h² forming the path t seen in Fig. 4. Through
the wave-like progressive motion of the track oo the roller r by the friction
which is produced upon the bearing surfaces ¹ in the trough o¹ is compelled to
roll forwards as referring to Fig. 3, that part of the reeds to the right side of
the roller is being continuously moved upwards and that part of the. reeds. to
the left side is being continuously moved downwards. This movement is assisted
by the shuttle sliding on the strips 66 on the plane o2 which always slopes
towards the trough o¹ and by its own weight endeavours to follow the roller r.
A displacement of the onward-driven shuttle in a radial direction owing to
centrifugal force does not take place but the strips 66 glide without deviating
from the sliding surfaces h² since on the one hand the bearing surfaces h¹ are
constantly inclined inwards and on the other hand the shutter roller r tapers
towards the inner side whereby the centrifugal force imparted to the shuttle is
completely resisted.
By the passing of the reed arms 9 into the deepest part of the groove n the
front reed-arms 76 pass into the highest part of track of and in the latter posi-
tion beat by their bevelled ends 8 the weft f which has been laid in by the

page_text: shuttle's upwards to the finished fabric whereupon the change in the shed takes
place in the well known manner.
To prevent the ends 8 of the reed arms h from any possibility of coming
inside the outer shed and also to keep the reeds at their free ends at a deter-
minate distance apart their outer ends are bent at right angles or-fitted with
strips 7.
The small roller kr attached to the shuttle constructed as shown in Fig. 3" is
so arranged that it does not touch the reed in the normal course of the shuttle.
If from any cause the front roller does not suffice to carry forward the shuttle,
the motion of the shuttle is attained by the reed of the track. o striking against
the small roller kr.
The modified shape of groove shown in Fig. 7 of the grooved cam is
intended to form two trough-shaped portions of the race or track o-o pre-
viously described so that two rollers and may be used with every shuttle
one at the front and the other at the back whereby an easier forward movement
of the shuttles s is obtained.
This modified groove begins with an upwards sloping portion nn continues
as a trough-shaped part n further as a straight horizontal path 22 then a
portion trough-shaped n³n symmetrical with the front part n then further
as a downwards sloping path and finally passes off in a straight horizontal
portion n n which leads as before to the portion nn.
To the portions nnnn³ of the cam-groove thus described corresponds
a similar race or track 00-00 formed by the bearing surfaces k¹ of the
reed arms ho.
The latter consists of a downward sloping portion oo to which follows the
trough-shaped portion of o¹ a straight horizontal portion o² 0² a trough-shaped
portion o³ an upward sloping portion of of and a straight horizontal portion 05 05
and this race or track 000 is of course repeated in the same way as in
the cam groove nn―n³n².
From this description and the drawing Fig. 8 it will be seen that each portion
of the track o0-005 contains two trough-shaped portions o¹ o¹ and 03 and
for this reason the shuttless intended for use with this arrangement are each
fitted with two conical rollers one rr at the front and the other r¹ at the back
tapering towards the inner side.
The front roller runs in the front trough-shaped portion of the race track o¹ o¹.
the back roller in 030 whilst in this method of construction the strips 66 are
fixed to the under side of the shuttle between the rollers rr and r1 and rest
on the horizontal portions o2 02 of. the race or track and are supported at the
same time as before against the surfaces h² of the reeds.
The process of driving the shuttles is here the same as before only that now
there are two rollers to each shuttle which are urged to roll forwards whereby
the movement of the shuttle is facilitated since the shuttle, is drawn forwards
by the front roller and pushed forwards by the back one.
It appears moreover clear that in the present arrangement by a corresponding
formation of the cam groove that is by giving to it several trough-shaped por-
tions of the groove n several trough-shaped portions o' of the race or track are
produced and therefore more than two rollers can be attached to each shuttle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a circular loom the reeds h formed with bearing surfaces h¹ actuated
by a cam groove to form progressive depressions of trough shape (o' Fig. 3 o' o¹
and o3o3 Fig. 8) with which rollers (rr, r, or pl pl) on the shuttles engage whereby,
the shuttles are continuously driven forward by a progressive wave-like motion
of the bearing surfaces of the reeds those in contact with the rollers on one

page_text: side having an upward motion and those on the other side a downward motion
substantially as described.
2. In a circular, loom. mechanism for driving the shuttles arranged and
operated substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 7th day of February 1900.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool & London, Patent Agents.