AN IMPROVED METHOD OF JOINING PIPES
Year: 1810

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
FRANCIS, of Phoenix Wharf, Nine Elms, in the Parish of Battersea and
County of Surry, Temper Lime Burner, and WILLIAM WATERS, of Princes
Street, in the Parish of Saint Mary Lambeth, in the said County of Surry,
Potter, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of His United Kingdom, bearing
date at Westminster, the Eighth day of October, in the fiftieth year of His
reign, give and grant unto us, the said Charles Francis and William Waters,
our exors, adñiors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that we, the said Charles Francis and William Waters, our
exors, adñiors, and assigns, durin the term of years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention of "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF JOINING PIPES;" in which said Letters Patent there is
contained a proviso obliging us, the said Charles Francis and William Waters,
or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us, to cause a particular description of the nature
of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
after the date of the said recited Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Francis and William Waters,
pursuance of and compliance with the said proviso in the said Letters Patent
mentioned, do by this present Instrument declare that the principle and nature

page_text: of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed
and used, is described by the Sketches or Drawings hereunto annexed, and
marked A, B, C, D, E, F, with the references thereunto. But we do further
declare and state, that, although we have here described only one groove, yet in
some cases we use two or more grooves, according to the size of the bore of the
pipes, and that these pipes may be made of the shape we have described, or of
any other shape, and that they may be made with the hoop, fillet, or tongue at
one end of the pipe, and a groove at the other; for, altho' we prefer the
method we have shewn by our said Drawings, yet, if any person shall adapt
the
groove and hoop, fillet, or tongue, in any way, in joining pipes of earthen-
ware or composition, it will, we consider, be infringing on our Letters Patent,
our Invention being chiefly in the said groove or grooves, with the hoop, fillet,
or tongue, and the putting the ends together with a strong cement, and altho
we have named the Roman cement as the article which we consider the best
adapted to the purpose of putting the joints together, yet we do not apply
this cement exclusively, but any other article that may be thought best to
repel the force that may be used against the said joints.
And we further state our Invention to be in our method of having fewer
joints than has heretofore been used in any article of pipes made of earthen
composition or pottery ware. This we do by our improved method of making
pipes above five feet long; and, therefore, whoever shall make any such pipe
or pipes of earthen composition or pottery ware, either with or without the
groove or grooves, and hoop, fillet, or tongue before spoken of, above five feet in
length, will, we conceive, be infringing on our Letters Patent, notwithstanding
we ourselves may make them of shorter lengths.
And we further declare our method of connecting our said pipes to wood
pipes, which may be previously laid down, to be by cutting away and opening
the end of the wood pipe so as to insert the end of our earthen or composition
pipe for three or four inches; in also cutting the wood away sufficient to have
a quantity of small nails driven round the inside to form a key for the cement
in which the end of the pipe should be bedded, the other end having its
bearing on one of the bricks or such like articles, as described by letter F;
and small nails should also be driven into the end of the wood pipe, and the
nails worked round with old twine or rope yarn, to form a key for some cement,
also to be applied externally, the better to secure the joint. Altho' we have
by our Sketch or Drawing marked F described a brick hollowed out as an
article we should use to bed the ends of our pipes in, yet we do not consider
the brick or other article being hollow as indispensably necessary; therefore,
if any person shall use any brick, tile, or other article to lay down under any
"

page_text: pipes made of earthen or composition ware to protect the joint and form
a level for their being laid down, it will, we consider, be an infringement of
our Letters Patent.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Francis and William Waters,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, the First day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and eleven.

page_text: uny viner ruter.
The end view of the Pipe shewing the Grove.
The hoop. Fillet or Tongue as described in letter A intended to be made rough the bet
-ter to adhere to any Cement which the Pipesmay be joined with.
A section of the Pipe shewing the groves in each end with the Hoop Fillet or Tongue. let in
which may go to the bottom of the grove or not.
The ends of two pieces of Pipe shewing the joint with the hoop Fillet or Tongue in the
groves which with the joint is intended to be filled with Roman Cement or any other
article that will resist the force of Water or other thing that may be conducted in
the pipes and the ends then brought dose together
Is meant to represent a brick or any other Material hollowed out so as to receive the
two ends of the Pipes at the joint a number of them should be laid down before the
pipes are fitted together and they should be laid on an exact level with each other.
The pipes then may be jointed (as described in letter E and bedded thereon in
Cement or any other Article, and afterwards a similar brick or other such Article.
(reversed) laid over the joint for Protection.