IMPROVEMENTS IN SMITH'S HEARTHS AND FORGES to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM ALLDAY the younger of the firm of William Allday and Sons of
Branston Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturers do hereby
doclare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SMITH'S HEARTHS
AND FORGES to be as follows:-
"
In smith's hearths and forges as usually made tall metallic chimneys are employed
to carry away the products of combustion. In workshops where these hearths and
forges are employed their chimneys throw objectionable shadows where a central
illumination is employed as for example when the workshop is illuminated by an
electric arc lamp.
By my improvements the chimneys of the said hearths and forges are dispensed
with the products of combustion are effectually removed and the waste heat
utilized to heat the blast with which the combustion in the hearth or forgo is
urged.
I will describe my invention in connection with a smith's hearth.
I construct and arrange the parts of the said hearth in the following manner
I dispense with the ordinary chimney and for the removal of the products of com-
bustion I make the vertical back of the hearth hollow and I fix a dome shaped
hood over the hearth. The top of the hollow back opens into the said hood the
lower end of the hollow back opening into a brickwork or other flue connected with
a chimney or stack. The main pipe which conveys the blast to the hearth is
situated in the flue. By the draught of the chimney or stack the products of
combustion are drawn from under the dome down the hollow back of the hearth
and through the flue described, the blast main in the said flue being heated thereby
and a hot blast supplied to the hearth.
In consequence of the heating of the blast by which the combustion in the
hearth is urged great economy of fuel results.
By means of dampers any of the hearths can be shut off from the flue when the
said hearths are not in use and the amount of draught can also be regulated by
means of the damper,
This dumb South Anw of Tun 1001

page_text: I WILLIAM 'ALLDAY the younger of the firm of William. Allday and Sons of
Branston Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick Manufacturers do hereby
declare the naturo of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SMITHS' HEARTHS AND
FORGES " and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :→
In smiths' hearths and forges as usually made, tall metallic chimneys are employed
to carry away the products of combustion, or the chimneys are brought down at
the back of the hearth or forge by means of bends and brick or pipe flues. In
workshops where these hearths and forges are employed their chinneys throw
objectionable shadows where a central illumination is employed as for example
when tho workshop is illuminated by an electric art lamp.
By my improvements the chimneys of the said hearths and forges are dispensed
with, the products of combustion are, effectually removed and the waste hent
utilized to heat the blast with which the combustion in the hearth or forge is
urged and overhead travellers or crancs can be used over the tops or hoods of the
hearths and forges.
I will describe my invention in connection with a smith's hearth.
I construct and arrange the parts of the said hearth in the following manner.
I dispense with the ordinary chimney and for the removal of the products of com-
bustion I make the vertical back of the hearth hollow and 1 fix a dome shaped
hood over the hearth. The top of the hollow back opens into the said hood tho
lower end of the hollow back opening into a brick work or other fiue connected
with a chimney or stack. The main pipe which conveys the blast to the hearth is
situated in the fluo. By the draught of the chimney or stack the products of
combustion are drawn from under the dome, down the hollow back of the hearth
and through the flue described, the blast main in the said flue being heated thereby
and a hot blast supplied to the hearth.
In consequence of the heating of the blast by which the combustion in the
hearth is urged, great economy of fuel results.
By means of dampers any of the hearths can be shut off from the Blue when the
said hearths are not in use and the amount of draught can also be regulated by
means of the damper.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in vertical section and
Figure 2 in front elevation a smith's hearth constructed according to my invention;
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the same taken on the dotted line a Figure 1
and exhibits the construction of the hollow back of the hearth; Figure 4 represents
a cross section of the adjustable supplementary' hood or baffle plate.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of
the drawing.
the
bis the pan of the hearth and c the vertical back; & is the tuyere and e is the
water bosh for keeping the said tuyere cool. The hearth back.c is hollow,
hollow part c² of the said hearth back constituting a down flue for the passage of
the heat and products of combustion from the hearth. The said hearth back may
either be made wholly of metal or partly of metal and partly of brick. Over the
pan of the hearth is a fixed dome shaped hood f. The hood I employ may be of

page_text: the ordinary single shell type or fitted with an inside lining as represented in the
drawing. By the use of the said inside lining an air space is left between it and
the hood whereby the radiation of heat onto the hearth is reduced. The top of the
Baid hollow back or down flue c³ opens into the said hood f (see Figure 1) and the
lower end of the said hollow back or down flue c³ opens into the horizontal brick-
work or other flue g connected with a chimney or stack at a distance from the
hearth; h is the main pipe which conveys the blast to the tuyere d the said main
blast pipe h being situated in and heated by the fiue g.
When the hearth is in use the draught of the chimney or stack with which the
flue g is in connection draws the heat and products of combustion from under the
domof down the hollow back or flue c² and through the horizontal flue gas
indicated by the arrows in Figure 1, the passage of heated air and products of
combustion through the said flue g heating the blast pipe h so that hot blast is
conveyed by the branch pipe h³ to the tuyere d and economy of fuel thereby
obtained.
In order to protect the outer case of the tuyere d from the action of the heat and
products of combustion passing down the flue c² that part of the said caso which
crosses the flue is covered by the shield or hollow collar i (see Figure 1).
A supplementary hood or baffle plate capable of adjustment may be situated
within the fixed hood f. This supplementary hood is suspended by the eye ⁄ (or
เ
other fastening) at its upper end and by means of a chain m fixed to the lower end
by the eye n passing over the hook p, the lower end of the supplementary hood or
baffle plate may be raised or lowered so as to increase or contract the space over
the hearth and thereby direct the heat and products of combustion more or less
into the down flue o at the back of the hearth. The hood f is protected by the
supplementary hood k and the radiation of heat from the said hood ƒ diminished.
A smith's hearth constructed as described and illustrated may be used alone or
a series of the said hearths may be arranged side by side, each down flue c² of the
said combined hearths opening into the common horizontal flue g. By means of
a weighted damper or valve 7 in oach of the down flues c² any of the hearths can
be shut off from the flue g when not in use and the amount of draught can also be
regulated by the said damper. or valve g which may be fixed in any required
position.
I apply my improvements to smiths' forges substantially in the manner herein
before described and illustrated with respect to a smith's hearth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First The combination with smiths' hearths and forges of the hollow back or
down flue c² opening at top into a dome shaped hood f (with or without a supple-
mentary adjustable hood or baffle plate k) and at bottom into a horizontal fiue g
connected with a chimney or stack for the purposes and substantially as horein
before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly-Arranging the main blast pipe h in the horizontal flue g in connection
with the chimney or stack whereby the blast conveyed to the hearth or hearths or
forgo or forges is heated by the waste heat traversing the said flue g and great
economy of fuel thus obtained substantially as herein before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawing.