Improvements in Beetling Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Beetling Machines.
DUNCAN MCKELLAR, Luncarty Cottage, Luncarty, nr. Perth, N.B., Bleacher
and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for the beetling and
finishing of all classes of woven fabrics to be as follows:-
The machine is designed for the beetling and finishing of all classes of
woven fabrics and the hammers or beetles are worked by pistons which are
driven by means of compressed air or steam at speeds suited to the different*
fabrics which may be passed through the machine. It is craved that a patent'
be granted for the sole right to use compressed air or steam to drive the
beetles or hammers. Protection is also desired for the continuous beetling
arrangement and the method of gradually evaporating by heated rollers the
moisture put into the cloth to soften and swell the yarns preparatory to
beetling.
The machine consists of a row of beetles driven by compressed air or steam
and above these and on which they strike is a metal roller called a beetling
beam. At some distance above the beetling beam there are rollers some
of which are heated. The cloth passes between the beetles and the beetling
beam and then up over the first pair of rollers, it then returns between the
beetles and beam and up over the second pair of rollers afterwards passing
between beetles and beam and over the third pair of rollers returning between
beetles and beam again it is then batched on a roller or folded off finished.
Dated this 13th day of April 1800
DUNCAN MCKELLAR.
Improvements in Beetling Machines.
I. DUNCAN MCKELLAR, of Luncarty Cottage, Luncarty, near Perth, in the
County of Perth, Bleacher and Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The machine is designed for the beetling and finishing of all classes of
woven fabrics and the hammers or beetles are worked by pistons which are
driven by means of compressed air or steam at speeds suited to the different
fabrics which may be passed through the machine. It is craved that a patent
may be granted for the sole right to use compressed air or steam to drive the
beetles or hammers. Protection is also desired for the continuous beetling
arrangement and the method of gradually evaporating by heated rollers the
[Duine S11

page_text: '
moisture put into the cloth to soften and swell the yarns preparatory to
beetling.
The machine consists of a row of beetles driven by compressed air or steam
and above these and on which they strike is a metal roller called a beetling
beam. At some distance above the beetling beam there are six rollers some
of which are heated. The cloth passes between the beetles and the beetling
beam and then up over the first pair of rollers, it then returns between the
beetles and beam and up over the second pair of rollers, afterwards passing
between beetles and beam and over the third pair of rollers, returning between
the beetles and beam again; it is then batched on a roller or folded off finished.
In order that my invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect, I have hereunto appended three explanatory sheets of drawings in
the several figures of which corresponding parts are marked with the same
numerals of reference.
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) is a front elevation of my improved beetling machine.
Figure 2 (Sheet 2) is a plan and
Figure (Sheet 3) is a side elevation of same.
Figure 4 (Sheet 3) is a sectional elevation of a beetle and its cylinder to an
enlarged scale.
The improved mechanism employed in carrying my invention into practice
and illustrated in the drawings consists of a roller 10-commonly termed a
beetling beam such roller being carried in suitable bearings 11. The roller 10
may be made of metal, wood, stone, paper or other suitable material, or it may
be replaced by a stationary beam when thought advisable. The roller is caused
to rotate by means of fast and loose pulleys 12 driven by a belt from any suitable
source of power. The driving pulley causes the shaft 13 to rotate and with it the
worm 14, which in turn causes the worm wheel 15 to rotate, such worm wheel
being keyed on the shaft 16. 17 are the beetles and the portion which comes
in contact with the cloth is preferably made of aluminium and their heads are
skewed relative to the direction of travel of the cloth, as shown in Figure 2;
the reason why they are formed in such fashion being to eliminate any chance
of forming ridges in the cloth being treated or of leaving parts of such cloth
unbeetled. The heads 17 of the beetles are mounted on a piston and rod 18-
see Figure 4 such piston and rod being made to vibrate very rapidly by means
of compressed air, steam, or other suitable elastic fluid. The elastic Huid enters
at the inlet 36 and through the port 37 into the recess in the piston. When
the hammer is at rest and the piston is at the bottom of the cylinder the
port 38 is open, thus allowing the elastic fluid to pass from the recess in the
piston through the port 38 and behind the casing through the port 39. The
piston is then forced up until the exhaust port 40 is opened allowing the fluid
to escape round the open side of the casing. By this time port 41 is open and
allows the fluid to pass in a similar manner behind the casing and through the
port 42 forcing the piston down until the exhaust port 43 is opened. By this
arrangement of ports a very rapid motion may be given to the piston which
can be varied according to the pressure of the elastic fluid used, as the higher
the pressure the more rapid the speed of the piston. These hammers or beetles
may also be fitted with a separate valve arrangement to control admission and
exhaust of the elastic fluid instead of the arrangement of ports illustrated and
described. 19 is a pressing and taking off roller whose pressure can be regulated
by means of weights 20 hung on levers 21. 22, 23, and 24 are steam heated
rollers which are caused to. rotate by means of pulleys 25 and 20, a belt 27
and a train of wheels 28. The number of these rollers may be added to accord-
ing to the weight of the fabric the machine is required to beetle. 29, 30, and 31
are guide rollers. 32 is a tension bar and 33 and 34 are tension rollers. 35 is
the cloth being treated.
The cloth is beetled in the following fashion-It is first passed over the tension
bar 32 and then under and over the rollers-33 and 34 from thence it goes under

page_text: the roller 10 and between the beetles 17 up to the rollers 22 and 29 down again
between the roller 10 and the beetles; up over rollers 23 and 30 yet again between
roller 10 and beetles and up over rollers 24 and 31, down again between roller and
beetles and finally on to the taking off roller 19. From the above arrangement it will
be seen that the cloth while being beetled is four ply and it is quite evident
that the numbers or ply can be increased or diminished by adding to or taking
away from the number of heating and guide rollers used, without departing
from my invention. In order that the whole web of cloth may be equally
beetled I can attach to one end of such a sufficient length of service cloth and
to get such service cloth in position again I can draw it through at the tail
of the cloth being treated. The moisture in the cloth is evaporated by means
of the heated rollers 22, 23, and 24.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
(1) The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the improve-
ments in machines for beetling and finishing cloth as hereinbefore described
and shewn upon the annexed sheets of drawings.
(2) In beetling machines, the arrangement whereby the beetles are caused
to vibrate and hammer the cloth, such arrangement consisting of cylinders,
pistons and heads, the pistons being driven by compressed air, steam or other
suitable elastic fluid substantially as herein before described and illustrated on
the annexed drawings.
(3) In beetling machines, the arrangement whereby the cloth is continuously
moved forward, beetled and dried, substantially as described.
(4) In beetling machines, the combination of beetles driven by elastic fluid
pressure with a resistance piece, the cloth passing between such resistance
piece and the beetles, it being thoroughly haminered while in transit.
of Tau 1000
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
Chartered Patent Agents,
41, Reform Street, Dundee, Agents for Applicant.