Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating, and Distilling Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th June, 1892-Accepted, 16th July, 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating, Concentrating, and
Distilling Liquids.
We, WILLIAM JULIUS MIRRLEES, of the Mirrlees Watson & Yaryan Company
Limited, of 45 Scotland Street, Glasgow, North Britain, Engineers, and DAVID
BALLINGALL, Manager of said Company, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improvements in apparatus for evaporating concentrating
and distilling liquids where the liquid to be treated is fed into a boiler or other
steam generator and there partially concentrated, the further concentration being
accomplished in any single or multiple effect apparatus; the object of the invention
being to more economically utilize the heat.
In carrying out our invention the liquid to be heated is, on its way to the boiler
or other steam generator, passed through and heated in a tubular or other heating
apparatus, the liquid being on one side of the tubes or other heating surface, while
the steam generated from the liquid in the boiler is on the other, the condensed
steam being run away to waste or utilized as may be found necessary. In the boiler
steam is raised to a high temperature from the liquid for driving engines or for other
manufacturing purposes, or the pressure may be reduced by means of a valve to
any suitable degree for further concentrating the liquid in single or multiple effect
apparatus. The liquid is passed from the boiler or other steam generator into a
vessel where it will give off steam or vapour caused by the reduction in pressure,
this vapour either alone or along with reduced steam from the boiler or other
source being used for further concentration of the liquid in single or multiple effect
apparatus.
In order that our invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
effect we have hereunto appended an explanatory sheet of drawing which we will
now proceed to describe.
A is the boiler or other steam generator, while B is the heater for heating up the
liquor before being fed into the boiler through the pipe F. This heater receives
its heat by means of steam passing from the boiler A through the pipe G, and it is
provided with a drain pipe H for the condensed steam which may be run to waste
or utilized as may be desired. D1, D2, D3 are the vessels of any multiple effect
apparatus shown in the drawing as consisting of three vessels. I is the pipe
through which hot liquid from the boiler A passes to the vessel C where it gives
off its surplus heat in the form of steam or vapour due to the reduction in pressure.
From this vessel C the liquid is led by a pipe J to the evaporating spaces of the
first effect D' of the multiple effect apparatus, the vapour being led from the
vessel C to the heating space of the first effect by the pipe K. L is a reducing
valve to regulate any further supply of steam which may be required in the first
effect D'.
We provide the pipes I and J respectively with valves M and N, so as to be able
to regulate the flow of the liquid through these pipes.
We may also provide a branch pipe O for steam from the boiler A for driving
engines or for other purposes.
It is to be understood that although the drawing shows our improvements as
applied to a triple effect apparatus they are also applicable to an apparatus with
one or any number of effects.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In evaporating, concentrating, and distilling liquids, the general arrangement
and combination as herein before described and shown on the annexed sheet of
drawing.
2. In evaporating, concentrating, and distilling liquids where the liquid to be
treated is fed into the boiler and used as a medium for generating steam before
being further concentrated in single or multiple effect apparatus, the use of a
heater heated by the steam from the boiler to raise the temperature of the liquid,
the water of condensation being run to waste or utilized as may be desired,
substantially as described and shown on the accompanying sheet of drawing.
3. In evaporating, concentrating, and distilling liquids, placing a vessel between
the boiler and the evaporating apparatus of one or more effects where the liquid
gives off vapour due to the reduction in pressure, the said vapour being used in the
evaporating apparatus for the further concentration of the liquid, substantially as
described and shown on the accompanying sheet of drawing.
Dated this 15th day of June 1892.
BOTTOMLEY & LIDDLE,
154, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Applicants' Agents.