Improvements in and relating to Windows, Doors, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Feb., 1894
Comutata Cannifination Loft 26th Nov
1004 Accented
20th Doc 1804
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Windows, Doors, and the like.
I, WILLIAM NICOL, of 55 Albert Road, Crosshill in the County of the City
of Glasgow, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in and relating to
windows, doors, and the like, such as the windows and doors of dwelling houses,
offices, and signal cabins, and consists, first, in the use of recessed duplex or over-
lapping plates at the edges of said windows or doors so as to make them wind and
water-tight.
As applied to windows which swivel on vertical pivot hinges at their centre part,
but do not slide vertically, such as the windows of railway signal cabins, the
improvements consist in fitting on each of the vertical sides of swivelling window
frame, and it may also be on the horizontal top and bottom edges of said frame, a
U or hook shaped plate, and in fitting a corresponding shaped or projecting plate
on the edges of the fixed style or frame of window, so that when the window is in
its closed position the one plate overlaps or fits into the duplex part of the other
and thus forms a thoroughly wind and water-tight joint. For fanlight windows
which swivel or oscillate on hinges on a lintel at top or bottom, or swivel on
horizontal pivots at their centre, these overlapping plates would be fitted all round
the edges of the swivelling window frame and round the edges of fixed frame
respectively to form wind and watertight joints.
For hinged doors, such as house doors, or the doors of signal cabins, these
duplex overlapping plates would be fitted at the opening and closing edge of door
and fixed style respectively, and at top and bottom edges of door, and they may
also be fitted at the hinged side of door; but there would preferably be fitted at
the latter edge a projecting rib to move within a segmental recess in style or fixed
frame of door, so that when the door is closed this projecting rib will act as a wind
and waterproof joint at hinged edge of door. When the hook shaped plates are
fitted at hinged side of door they may be made in sections, and the one curved plate
turn on the other. And these plates may also be made to form the hinges by
inserting a pin between the curved overlapping parts of plates near the top and
bottom.
For casement windows or two-leaf opening out doors, these overlapping plates
would be fitted on each casement frame, and flap or half of door respectively, at
their centre meeting edges, so that when in their closed position they may fit into
the recessed or overlapping parts of each other and form a wind and water-tight
joint at the centre, and the other ends of these plates may be formed of rounded or
scroll shape. These overlapping plates may also be fitted at the top and bottom
edges of the casements and doors and at the hinged edges, or the projecting rib may
be formed on the latter as previously described.
For the swing doors of public buildings and the like the plates may be formed of
a corrugated, fluted, or recessed shape to overlap and fit into each other and be
formed of sheet metal or other material while the side plates would preferably have
an outer coating of india rubber or other soft cushioning material.
By a modified arrangement the swivelling windows would have hinged batten
rods fitted at the side edges of the fixed styles and hinged blocks or plates would
be fitted at the top and bottom edges of said windows, so that when the window i

page_text: closed the top hinged block will automatically fold down to overlap and cover up
the joint between top of swivelling window frame and fixed style, and be held in
position by the folding over and closing of the batten rods, and these latter will be
retained in position and the lower joint at bottom edge of window covered up by
folding up the lower hinged blocks behind the batten rods. The sill at bottom of
window would preferably be inclined or angled in front to carry away rain water,
and a recess channel or passage be formed from the inner end of joint at bottom of
swivelling window frame, through the sill to the outside to carry away any rain or
moisture wihich might find ingress through joint.
Deted the 27th February 1894
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Windows, Doors, and the like.
I, WILLIAM NICOL of 55 Albert Road, Crosshill in the County of the City
of Glasgow, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement in writing that is to say :-
This invention has reference to and comprises improvements in and relating to
windows doors and the like, such as the windows and doors of dwelling houses
offices, and signal cabins and consists first in the use of recessed duplex or over-
lapping plates at the edges of said windows or doors so as to make them wind and
water tight.
And in order that my said invention and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings in which the same reference letters are
used to indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, Figure 2 a sectional plan view, and Figure 3 a
vertical edge section of a window which swivels on central pivots at top and bottom
as fitted with my improvements.
Figure 4 is a horizontal section broken away of an ordinary house or vestibule
door, and Figure 5 a similar view of a two leaf door or window, both as fitted with
my improvements.
Figure 6 is a detached horizontal section of a modified arrangement of the
weather proof hook shaped plates as suitable for being fitted at the hinged side of
door or window.
Figure 7 is a front elevation, Figure 8 a horizontal section, and Figure 9 an edge
sectional elevation at right angles to Figure 7, all illustrative of a casement window,
showing my improvements applied thereto.
Figure 10 is an edge sectional elevation broken away of a window to an enlarged
scale showing my improved weather-proof-plates as fitted at the top and bottom of
sash and fixed frames aud Figure 11 is a corresponding view showing a modified
construction of the plates as fitted at bottom end of window. And
Figures 12 and 13 are horizontal sections broken away of swing doors showing
a modified arrangement of the waterproof plates as fitted at the meeting edges.
Figures 14, 15, and 16 are vertical edge sections of the top of a window showing
modified ways of obtaining a weatherproof joint.
Referring to these drawings
As applied to windows which swivel on vertical pivot hinges at their centre part,
but do not slide vertically, such as the windows of railway signal cabins as shown
in Figures 1 to 3, the improvements consist in fitting on each of the vertical sides
of swivelling window frame A and it may also be on the horizontal top and bottom
edges of same frame a U or hook shaped plate a, and in fitting a corresponding

page_text: shaped or projecting plate b on the edges of the fixed style or frame B of window,
so that when the window is in its closed position the one plate a overlaps or fits
into the duplex part of the other b and thus forms a thoroughly wind and water-
tight joint.
°
b
For fanlight windows which swivel or oscillate on hinges on a lintel at top or
bottom, or swivel on horizontal pivots at their centre, these overlapping plates a,
would be fitted in a similar manner all round the edges of the swivelling window
frame and round the edges of fixed frame respectively to form wind and water tight
joints.
For hinged doors, such as house doors, or the doors of signal cabins, as shown in
Figure 4, these duplex overlapping plates a, b would be fitted at the opening and
closing edge of door A and fixed style B respectively, or as shown in the two leaf
door, Figure 5 the plates ab would be fitted on each leaf A A' of door respectively,
and these plates may also be fitted at top and bottom edges of door, and they may
also be fitted at the hinged side of door. When the hook shaped plates a, b are
fitted at hinged side of door or window. they would be arranged as shown detached
in Figure 6 and be made in sections, and the one curved plate turn on the other to
form a weatherproof joint, while the door or window would be fitted with ordinary
turning hinges at c and the sections be arranged to fit in line with the bowl part of
thèse hinges c as shown in Figure 7.
For casement windows as shown in Figures 7 to 9 or two-leaf opening out doors,
as shown in Figure 5, these overlapping plates b, a, would be fitted on each flap or
half A of door, at their centre meeting edges, so that when in their closed position
they may fit into the recessed or overlapping parts of each other and form a wind
and water tight joint at the centre, and the other edge a² of one or both of these
plates may be formed of rounded or scroll shape. These overlapping plates a,
may also be fitted at the top and bottom edges of the casements and doors as
illustrated in Figures 9 to 11 and at the hinged edges as shown in Figures 6
and 7.
b
For the swing doors of public buildings and the like as shown in Figures 12
and 13 the plates a, b, may be formed of a curved corrugated, fluted, or recessed
shape to overlap or fit adjacent to each other and be formed of sheet metal or other
material while the side plates may have an outer coating of india rubber or other
soft cushioning material.
By a modified arrangement as shown in Figure 3 the swivelling windows would
have hinged batten rods C fitted at the side edges of the fixed styles B and hinged
blocks or plates C' would be fitted at the top and bottom edges of said windows, so
that when the window is closed the top hinged block C₁ will automatically fold
down to overlap and cover up the joint B between top of swivelling window
frame A and fixed style B and be held in position by the folding over and closing
of the batten rods C and these latter will be retained in position and the lower
joint B at bottom edge of window covered up by folding up the lower hinged
blocks C¹ behind the batten rods C. The sill B₁ at bottom of window would
preferably be inclined or angled in front to carry away rain water and a recess
channel or passage 62 be formed in an ordinary manner from the inner end of joint
at bottom of swivelling window frame A, through the sill B₁ to the outside to carry
away any rain or moisture which might find ingress through joint.
Figure 14 shows how the weatherproof joint may be formed in an equivalent
manner at top of window by fitting a plate 6" to top lintel B1 which shall overlap
the top of swivelling frame A when in its closed position; and Figures 15 and 16
show how this joint may be obtained by forming the fixed lintel B" of a stepped or
kneed overlapping shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
First. In non-sliding windows, doors and the like, the fitting of recessed duplex,

page_text: hooked or overlapping plates on the swivelling parts and fixed frames respectively,
either at the sides, top and bottom or the meeting edges to form weatherproof joints
substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Second. In non sliding windows, doors and the like the fitting of hooked shaped
plates at the hinged sides to form a weatherproof joint in combination with ordinary
hinges on which the window or door may be swivelled, substantially as herein
described in reference to Figures 6 to 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Third. In non sliding windows doors and the like the fitting of duplex recessed
or overlapping plates at the sides top and bottom or meeting edges having the
remote or exposed edges formed of a scroll or curled shape substantially as herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fourth. In non sliding swivelling windows the fitting of hinged blocks or plates
at the top or bottom joint edges in combination with hinged batten rods, substan-
tially as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in Figure 3
of the accompanying drawings.
T
1001
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.