Year: 1846

page_text: LONDON:
PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE,
PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.
PUBLISHED AT THE GREAT SEAL PATENT OFFICE,
25, SOUTHAMPTON BUILDINGS, HOLBORN

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
PALLISER, of Finsbury Place, in the County of Middlesex, Carriage Makei,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by ller
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Scal of the United Kingdom of Gicat
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifth day of May, in
the ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said George Palliser, my exois, adiñors, and assigns,
Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
George Palliser, my exors, adñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Palliser, my exors, adñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years.
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-on-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OUTSIDE SEATS OF CARRIAGES;" 111
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said George
Palliser, should cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven**
tion, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within-six calendar months next.
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Georgo Palliser, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Diawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon; that is to say .-
My Invention of improvements in outside seats for carriages, to which I
have given the name of the Patent "Protean Rumble, consists in so con-
structing the back seat or the driving seat of any carriage that it may be
folded up in a compact form and used otherwise than as a seat, as will be
hereafter described. This box (which I prefer to make chiefly of wood) may,
when required, be easily removed altogether from the carnage, or it may be
placed at the back of the carriage in a vertical position, as shewn at Figure 1,
for the protection of the back of the carriage, in place of what is now com-
monly called an opera board; or it may be let down to a horizontal position,
forming a footman's or luggage board, as shewn by Figure 2. It may be
opened, forming a comfortable and convenient seat for one or two persons, as
shewn by Figure 3, or it may be placed in the front of the carriage, forming
a driving seat, as represented-by-Eigure 4 The details of its construction,
and the manner in which it is used, are fully explained by the accompanying
Drawing, and the following description, in which the same letters and figures
of reference are used to denote the same parts wherever they occur
Figure 5 is a plan or bird's-eye view of the "Protean Rumble" or box,
fixed between the "pump handles" P, P, of a carriage; in this Figure it is
shewn closed, forming a footboard. Figure 6 is a similar view, but with the
top turned up and opened as a seat. Figure 7 is a side view of Figure 6,
detached from the carriage. Figure 8 is a section of the same, and Figure 9
a vertical view of the inside, looking towards the back. Figure 10 is another
side view of the scat opened, but in this Figure I have
shewn an open 11 on
rail back and elbows, instead of close boards as in Figures 7 and 8.
Figure 11, denoted in all the Figures by A, is a longitudinal enlarged
section of one of the cheeks or sides, which I make of sheet on, hinged to
the top of the box at A'; these cheeks or sides, when opened, form the support
of the seat.
Figure 12 is a front view of the cheek A, and Figure 13 a top view, and
Figure 14 a cross section of part of the same, shewing the slit or groove
Figure 15 is one of the sliding straps G', to which the elbows G are attached.
Figure 16, denoted by B, is one of the bell-crank pieces, which I make of
iron or other metal, covered with leather, and which hangs on a pivot at a in

page_text: the corner of the cheek A, and which, when folded up, passes into the inside of
the check A, as represented by the dotted Imes. Figure 17 is an edge view
of the same
Figures 18 and 19, two views of the spring bolts e, for fastening the ends &
of the bell cranks to the sides of the box when open, as shewn at Figure 8.
Figures 20 and 21, two views of one of the pivots c, fixed to the front end
of the box as shewn, and by which it is supported in front between the side
ails or "pump handles" P of the carnage.
Figures 22 and 23 show two views of one of the slot irons D, fixed to tho
pump handles" P to receive the pivots C
Figure 24 shews a section of part of the back of a carriage, with the box
tuned up and fastened by hooks E and spring catches to the carriage, one
on each side
Figures 25 and 26 shew two views of one of the hooks detached from the
box, and Figures 27 and 28 show two views of the spring diawback bolts,
fixed in the back of the carriage for roceiving the hooks E, and holding the
box secure, as shewn at Figure 24.
Figure 29 shows a horizontal view of the back of a carriage with one of the
boxes tuined up, showing another mode of fastening them In this case the
box is fastened by two screw bolts E*, instead of by spring bolts, as in
Figure 24. One of these bolts is shewn detached at Figure 30, and Figure 31
shows a mortice plate, of which there are two fixed in the back of the carriage
When the box is let down, forming either a seat or a footboard, these bolts
are removed and packed away, but when to be used the ends are inserted in
the holes of the plates, Figure 31, and, when turned one quarter 1ound, the
heads become secured in the plates, the box is then turned up, the nuts F¹
are put on and secured up tight.
Figuio 32 represents a full size view of parts, shewing (separately) one of
the hinges A and G2, by which the parts A and G are united to the back
or cover I and II of the box.
Figure 33 is a similar plan of part of the back H and one of the elbows G,
shewing a brass clip and pin for the purpose of keeping the joints of the back
boards II and I even and close when folded and shut down. Figure 34 is a
side view of the pin which is screwed to the back board H, the centre being
in the line of the centres of the hinges, the clip being screwed to the bottom
edge of the elbow G, by which means when the elbow is folded into the
position shewn at Figure 38, the joints between the boards II and L become
secure, as before described Figure 35 represents one end of the spike
bar K extending across under the back part of the box, and attached by .

page_text: screws to the ends of the "pump handles," as seen also by the dotted lines in
Figure 5. A plan of this spike bar is represented by Figure 36. The hook
is shewn in a different position by Figure 37. Figure 38 shews a side view
of one of the spring catches H' fixed to the back II for fastening back each of
the cheeks A by the hook of the bell crank being pushed under it, and
Figure 39 shews an edge view of the scat board. The manner in which this
rumble or seat is used, and the connexion and operation of one part with
another, is as follows:-Fust, supposing it to be detached from the carriago
and about to be fixed for use as an opera board, the box is first put between
the "pump handles." The bearing parts of the pivots C, C, are inserted at
the notches into the slot irons, and drawn into the position Figuro 24, where
they fall into a slight cavity to prevent slipping. The box is then turned up
and fastened to the back of the carnage by the hooks and catches F, F, or by
the bolts shewn at Figure 29. In order to form a foot board the box is
unfastened from the back of the carnage at the top, and turned partly down.
It is then pushed forward until the supporting pivots C reach the other end of
the slot nons D. The box is then let down on the spike bar K, when the
hooks of the spike bar enter spring diawback bolts, sec Figures 27 and 28,
which are fixed to the bottom of the box, see m, m, Figure 5, and thereby
become secured When the box is used; as in-Figure 24, the spike bar has
the spikes fixed in the opposite side to the hooks, so that when the box is usel
as an opera board the spikes are upwards, but when the box is turned down
the spike bar is unsciewed, the spikes turned down, the hooks being up
again, and secured in its place to receive the box. The method of sup-
porting the back of the box, when the anlangement, Figure 20, is used,
is by the bar 12, which is screwed to the bottom of the box, and received into
projections on "pump handles" when the box is turned down, there being
bolts projecting from the side of each "pump handle," the screws of the bolts
being of coresponding dimensions and pitch to those of the bolts F*, so that
the same nuts answer the purpose of fastening the box either up or down.
To open the umble for use as a seat the lid I, H, is opened upright,
as represented by Figures 8 and 9, the spring catches H' are then lifted from
the hooks of the bell cranks, and the cheeks and elbows are turned from the
folded position seen at Figure 9 into that of Figure 8. The dovetailed stud b
at the bottom of the cheeks A enters side mortices in plates fixed to
the side of the box, preventing the cheeks being opened beyond the side
of the box, and also holding them down close to the top of the side The
bell crank at this time being within the hollow cheek A, are next time
down into the position shown at Figure 8, the hooks d, see Figure 16, enter

page_text: the spring bolts or catches e, see Figures 8 and 18, and thereby become
secured. At the time the bell crank is secured at the bottom by the hooks d,
the shoulder will come in contact with the inside of the cross piece of the
hollow check, producing additional strength and security to the hollow cheeks
and scat. In the next place, the back I and the elbows G are drawn back
from the position shewn at Figure 8 into that represented by Figure 7; the
elbows G are kept even sideways with the check A by the sliding straps G',
which slide in the groove / of the cheek, and are held down by dovetailed or
square stud heads sliding below the flanches of the groove k. On the elbows
being drawn back the hooks l, fastened to the rounded ends of the sides G,
enter the corner of the bottom cheek under the cross piece n, as shown by
dotted lines, Figure 11, preventing their going faither back, holding them
down close, and keeping them fair sideways.
Lastly, the seat board having pins o screwed at each end (see Figure 39)
is laid with its back edge on the top of the back 11, when each piu entering
the hole of an ear O formed at the top of each hollow check projecting
inwards (see Figures 13 and 6), the ears forming the support for the front of
the scat, and also connecting the cheeks securely together.
To hold and shut up the scat Figure 10, the jointed piece r turning on a
pivot at s in the cheek A, is depressed into the posistion shewn by the dotted
lines, and as the elbow 9, 9, 9, (which is formed in one piece) has a tube joint
at p, it is also drawn forward until the back part becomes upright, and also in
the position of the dotted lines. At the part of the elbow, there is a stud
sliding in the slot of the cheek A, as described in the other construction,
The back rails or solid back connecting the elbows are made as shewn by the
part t, t, t, in the accompanying Figure, with a double pipe hinge at u,
connecting the back with each elbow. On this scat being folded and shut
down, a board v', forming the part I of the cover of the box, Figure 5,
which is hung to the upper edge of the board II, is turned down and secured
by a lock or turnbuckle similar to the other construction as shewn by
Figures 7, 8, and 9. I purpose another variety of back and elbows, instead
of the jointed plan shewn by Figure 10, by so constructing the common
barouche seat that it may be fastened with two thumb screws, or other wise, in
any
convenient manner to the seat and side pieces A.
I also arrange parts of carriages which are not required to be furnished
with the protection of opera boards with an opening at the back below the
internal seat, so that my improved seat, when not in use and folded up, may
be pushed into the space below the seat in the carriage instead of being
tuned up and fastened, as seen by Figures 1, 24, and 29, in which respect it

page_text: .
could be drawn out and pushed in like a common drawer. The support for the
inner end in this case would be two studs fixed to the seat box to slide in two
grooves fixed to the body of the carriage instead of the slot nons, Figures 22
and 23, the outer end when in use being supported by the spike bar, which,
with all other details, except the hooks or bolts for fastening it as an opera
board, remain the same as before described. It will, however, be evident
* that variations may be made in the mode of applying the box seat
Another mode of arranging the back and elbows, instead of the jointed
plan as shewn by Figure 10, as so constructing the common barouche seat
iron, with horizontal straps, projections, or parts at the bottom to slide into
mortices or staples of the cheeks A and top of the back H, and to be fastened
with thumb screws in any convenient manner, or to be entirely attached to
''the seat board with similar fastenings. This barouche iron will have the elbows
jointed to the back for the convenience of being folded up when not in use;
but I do not confine myself, in the construction of the above seat, to rod iron
only, but it may be formed of sheet iron or wood. It will be observed in
the foregoing description of back and elbows that there is a space between
A and II and G and II, the object of which is to afford room for a stuffed
lining around the back and elbow; but as this would necessarily occupy more
100m than is required when open bar ouche seat irons are used, I make the
checks of the form of A and B united, either of 11on or wood, and hinged to
the inside of the box instead of to the back II, in which case, when folded,
they will lay flat down on the bottom, as represented by the dotted lines
w, x, y, z, in Figure 5, the advantage of this method being that the thickness
of the box may be reduced about one third, or the same description of check
may be hung to the back instead of the hollow cheek and bell crank. When
the improved seat is used as a diving seat, as shown at Figure 4, I make
part of the dashing board (1) capable of being removed so as to admit of the
seat, and when the seat is so applied the part of the dashing board so removed
1 affix to the font of my box seat, as shewn at (2), to act as a dashing board
to the diving seat. The part (2) I secure in either position by sockets and
screws or otherwise.
I do not confine myself by this Specification to any definite proportions in
the several paits comprised in this Invention, or in the specific details, or of
the materials of which it is composed, ashose matters may be varied to suit
the different kinds of carriages, or other circumstances connected with their
uses; nor do 1 claim the exclusive use of the several parts herein described
and refered to, except when such parts are used for the purpose of or in
connection with my said Invention; but what I claim are, the means of

page_text: constructing outside seats of carriages whereby at one time they may be used
as fiont or back seats, as shown at Figures 3 and 4, and at other times be
folded up into the forms shown and described, and by which the scats can be
readily removed and applied.
constructing outside seats of carriages whereby at one time they may be used
as fiont or back seats, as shown at Figures 3 and 4, and at other times be
folded up into the forms shown and described, and by which the scats can be
readily removed and applied.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Palliser, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of November, One thousand eight
Enrolled the Fifth day of November, in the year of our Loid One
thousand eight hundred and forty-six.

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
PALLISER, of Finsbury Place, in the County of Middlesex, Carnage Maket,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Hc present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victona, by Iler
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifth day of May,
the ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heus and successors, give
and giant unto me, the said George Palliser, my exois, adiñors, and assigns,
Hei especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
George Palliser, my exors, admññors, and assigns, on such others as I, the said
George Palliser, my exors, adñois, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, fiom time to time and at all times during the term of years
there expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-on-Tweed, my Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OUTSIDE SEATS OF CARRIAGES," in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I. the said George
Palliser, should cause a particular description of the nature of my said Inven-
tion, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Palliser, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon; that is to say -
My Invention of improvements in outside seats for carriages, to which I
have given the name of the Patent "Protean Rumble, consists in so con-
structing the back seat or the driving seat of any carriago that it may be
folded up in a compact form and used otherwise than as a seat, as will be
hei cafter described This box (which I prefer to make chiefly of wood) may,
when requued, be casily removed altogether from the carriage, or it may be
placed at the back of the carnage in a vertical position, as shewn at Figure 1,
for the protection of the back of the carriage, in place of what is now com-
monly called an opera board; or it may be let down to a horizontal position,
forming a footman's or luggage board, as shewn by Figuro 2
It may be
opened, forming a comfortable and convenient seat for one or two persons, as
shown by Figure 3, or it may be placed in the front of the carriage, forming
a driving seat, as represented by Figure 4 The details of its construction,
and the manner in which it is used, are fully explained by the accompanying
Drawing, and the following description, in which the same letters and figures
of reference are used to denote the same parts wherever they occur.
Figure 5 is a plan or bird's-eye view of the "Protean Rumble" or box,
fixed between the "pump handles" P, P, of a carriage; in this Figure it is
shewn closed, forming a footboard. Figure 6 is a similar view, but with the
top turned up and opened as a seat. Figure 7 is a side view of Figure 6,
detached from the carriage. Figure 8 is a section of the same, and Figure 9
a vertical view of the inside, looking towards the back. Figure 10 is another
side view of the seat opened, but in this Figure I have shown an open on
ail back and elbows, instead of close boards as in Figures 7 and 8.
Figure 11, denoted in all the Figures by A, is a longitudinal enlarged
section of one of the cheeks or sides, which I make of sheet iron, hinged to
the top of the box at A', these cheeks on sides, when opened, form the support
of the seat.
Figure 12 is a fi ont view of the cheek A, and Figure 13 a top view, and
Figure 14 a cross section of part of the same, shewing the slit or groove k
Figure 15 is one of the sliding straps G', to which the elbows G are attached.
Figure 16, denoted by B, is one of the bell-crank pieces, which I make of
iron or other metal, covered with leather, and which hangs on a pivot at a in

page_text: the corner of the check A, and which, when folded up, passes into the inside of
the check A, as represented by the dotted lines. Figure 17 is an edge view
of the same
Figures 18 and 19, two views of the spring bolts e, for fastening the ends &
of the boll cianks to the sides of the box when open, as shewn at Figure 8.
Figures 20 and 21, two views of one of the pivots c, fixed to the front end
of the box as shown, and by which it is supported in front between the side
ails or " pump handles" P of the carriage.
Figures 22 and 23 show two views of one of the slot irons D, fixed to the
"pump handles" P to receive the pivots C.
Figure 24 shows a section of part of the back of a carriage, with the box
tuned up and fastened by hooks E and spring catches to the carriage, one
on each side
Figures 25 and 26 shew two views of one of the hooks detached from the
box, and Figures 27 and 28 show two views of the spring drawback bolts,
fixed in the back of the carriage for receiving the hooks E, and holding the
box secure, as shown at Figure 24.
Figure 29 shows a horizontal view of the back of a carnage with one of the
boxes turned up, showing another mode of fastening them. In this case the
box is fastened by two sciew bolts E*, instead of by spring bolts, as in
Figure 24 One of these bolts is shewn detached at Figure 30, and Figure 31
shows a moitice plate, of which there are two fixed in the back of the carriage.
When the box is let down, forming either a seat on a footboard, these bolts
ale removed and packed away, but when to be used the ends are inseited in
the holes of the plates, Figure 31, and, when turned one quarter round, the
heads become secured in the plates, the box is then turned up, the nuts F¹
are put on and secured up tight.
Figure 32 represents a full size view of parts, shewing (separately) one of
the hinges A¹ and G2, by which the parts A and G are united to the back
01 cover I and H of the box.
Figure 33 is a similar plan of part of the back H and one of the elbows G,
shewing a brass clip and pin for the purpose of keeping the joints of the back
boards II and I even and close when folded and shut down. Figure 34 is a
side view of the pin which is screwed to the back board H, the centre being
in the line of the centres of the hinges, the clip being screwed to the bottom
edge of the elbow G, by which means when the elbow as folded into the
position shewn at Figure 33, the Joints between the boards II and L become
secure, as before described. Figure 35 represents one end of the spike
bar K extending across under the back part of the box, and attached by

page_text: screws to the ends of the "pump handles," as seen also by the dotted lines in
Figure 5. A plan of this spike bai is represented by Figure 36. The hook
is shown in a different position by Figure 37. Figure 38 shews a side view
of one of the spring catches II' fixed to the back II for fastening back each of
the checks A by the hook of the bell crank being pushed under it, and
Figure 39 shews an edge view of the seat board. The manner in which this
rumble on seat is used, and the connexion and operation of one part with
another, is as follows-First, supposing it to be detached from the carriage
and about to be fixed for use as an opera board, the box is first put between
the "pump handles" The bearing parts of the pivots C, C, are inserted at
the notches into the slot irons, and diawn into the position Figure 24, where
they fall into a slight cavity to prevent slipping. The box is then turned up
and fastened to the back of the carriage by the hooks and catches F, F, or by
the bolts shewn at Figure 29. In order to form a foot board the box is
unfastened from the back of the carriage at the top, and turned partly down
It is then pushed forward until the supporting pivots C reach the other end of
the slot irons D. The box is then let down on the spike bar K, when the
hooks of the spike bar enter spring diawback bolts, see Figures 27 and 28,
which are fixed to the bottom of the box, sco m, m, Figure 5, and thereby
become secured. When the box is used, as in Figure 24, the spike bai has
the spikes fixed in the opposite side to the hooks, so that when the box is used
as an opera board the spikes are upwards, but when the box is turned down
the spike bar is unscrewed, the spikes turned down, the hooks being up
again, and secured in its place to receive the box. The method of sup-
porting the back of the box, when the arrangement, Figure 20, is used,
is by the bai H2, which is sciewed to the bottom of the box, and received into
projections on "pump handles" when the box is turned down, there being
bolts projecting from the side of each "pump handle," the screws of the bolts
being of corresponding dimensions and pitch to those of the bolts F*, so that
the same nuts answer the purpose of fastening the box either up or down
To open the rumble for use as a seat the lid I, II, is opened upught,
as represented by Figures 8 and 9, the spring catches H' are then lifted from
the hooks of the bell cranks, and the checks and elbows are turned from the
folded position seen at Figure 9 into that of Figure 8. The dovetailed stud b
at the bottom of the checks A enters side mortices in plates fixed to
the side of the box, preventing the checks being opened beyond the side
of the box, and also holding them down close to the top of the side The
bell crank at this time being within the hollow cheek A, are next time
down into the position shewn at Figure 8, the hooks d, see Figure 16, enter

page_text: the sping bolts or catches c, see Figures 8 and 18, and thereby become
secured. At the time the bell crank is secured at the bottom by the hooks d,
the shoulder will come in contact with the inside of the cross piece of the
hollow check, producing additional strength and security to the hollow cheeks
and scat. In the next place, the back I and the elbows G are drawn back
from the position shewn at Figure 8 into that represented by Figure 7; the
elbows Gare kept even sideways with the cheek A by the sliding straps G',
which slide in the groove k of the cheek, and are held down by dovetailed or
square stud heads sliding below the flanches of tho groove k. On the elbows
being drawn back the hooks l, fastened to the rounded ends of the sides G,
enter the corner of the bottom cheek under the cross pieco n, as shown by
dotted lines, Figure 11, preventing their going farther back, holding them
down close, and keeping them fair sideways.
Lastly, the seat board having pins o screwed at each end (see Figure 39)
is laid with its back edge on the top of the back II, when each pin entering
the hole of an car O* formed at the top of each hollow check projecting
inwards (see Figures 13 and 6), the ears forming the support for the front of
the seat, and also connecting the checks securely together.
To hold and shut up the scat Figure 10, the jointed piece r turning on a
pivot at s in the cheek A, is depressed into the posistion shewn by the dotted
lines, and as the elbow 9, 9, 9, (which is formed in one piece) has a tube joint
at p, it is also drawn forward until the back part becomes upright, and also in
the position of the dotted lines. At the part of the elbow, there is a stud
sliding in the slot of the cheek A, as described in the other construction,
The back rails or solid back connecting the elbows are made as shown by the
part t, t, t, in the accompanying Figure, with a double pipe hinge at u,
connecting the back with cach clbow. On this seat being folded and shut
down, a board v', forming the part I of the cover of the box, Figure 5,
which is hung to the upper edge of the board II, is turned down and secured
by
a lock or turnbuckle similar to the other construction as shewn by
Figures 7, 8, and 9. I purpose another variety of back and elbows, instead
of the jointed plan shewn by Figure 10, by so constructing the common
bai ouche seat that it may be fastened with two thumb screws, or otherwise, in
any convenient manner to the seat and side pieces A.
I also arrange parts of carriages which are not required to be furnished
with the protection of opera boards with an opening at the back below the
internal seat, so that my improved seat, when not in use and folded up, may
be pushed into the space below the seat in the carnage instead of being
turned up and fastened, as seen by Figures 1, 21, and 29, in which respect it

page_text: could be drawn out and pushed in like a common drawer. The support for the
inner end in this case would be two studs fixed to the seat box to slide in two
grooves fixed to the body of the carriage instead of the slot ons, Figures 22
and 28, the outer end when in use being supported by the spike bar, which,
with all other details, except the hooks or bolts for fastening it as an opera
board, remain the same as before described. It will, however, be evident
that variations may be made in the mode of applying the box seat.
Another mode of arranging the back and elbows, instead of the jointed
plan as shown by Figure 10, as so constructing the common barouche seat
iron, with horizontal straps, projections, or parts at the bottom to slide into
moitices or staples of the cheeks A and top of the back II, and to be fastened
with thumb screws in any convenient manner, or to be entirely attached to
the seat board with similar fastenings. This barouche ion will have the elbows
jointed to the back for the convenience of being folded up when not in use,
but I do not confine myself, in the construction of the above seat, to rod iron
only, but it may be formed of sheet iron or wood. It will be observed in
the foregoing description of back and elbows that there is a space between
A and H and G and II. the object of which is to afford room for a stuffed
lining around the back and elbow, but as this would necessarily occupy moro
room than is required when open baroucho scat ions are used, I make the
cheeks of the form of A and B united, either of non or wood, and hinged to
the inside of the box instead of to the back II, in which case, when folded,
they will lay flat down on the bottom, as represented by the dotted lines
w, x, y, z, 1 Figure 5, the advantage of this method being that the thickness
of the box may be reduced about one third, or the same description of cheek
may be hung to the back instead of the hollow cheek and bell crank. When
the improved scat is used as a driving seat, as shown at Figure 4, I make
part of the dashing board (1) capable of being removed so as to admit of the
seat, and when the seat is so applied the part of the dashing board so removed
I affix to the front of my box seat, as shewn at (2), to act as a dashing board
to the driving seat. The part (2) I secure in either position by sockets and
screws or otherwise.
I do not confine myself by this Specification to any definite proportions in
the several paits comprised in this Invention, or in the specific details, or of
the materials of which it is composed, ashese matters may be vaned to suit
the different kinds of carnages, or other circumstances connected with their
uses; nor do I claim the exclusive use of the several parts beien described
and referred to, except when such parts are used for the purpose of or in
connection with my said Invention, but what I claim aic, the means of

page_text: constructing outside scats of carriages whereby at one time they may be used
as front or back seats, as shown at Figures 3 and 4, and at other times be
folded up into the forms shown and described, and by which the scats can bo
readily removed and applied.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Palliser, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Fifth day of November, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-six