Improved Apparatus for Consuming Smoke in Locomotive and other Furnaces.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Consuming Smoke in Locomotive and
other Furnaces.
I, THEODOR LANGER, of I Grillparzerstrasse No. 5, Vienna, Austria, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
For preventing the production of soot at each charging of fuel into a furnace,
apparatus has been proposed whereby a temporary automatic introduction of top or
secondary air is effected in combination with a constant or temporary admission of
steam into the combination chamber.
In such arrangements devices are combined with the hinge of the fire door whereby
at each opening of the door the valve device for the upper air supply, and in some
cases also the valve of the steam supply, is held open during the stoking, and is allowed
to return gradually to the closed position after the closing of the door
In order, also in the case of furnaces worked partly by natural and partly by forced
air supply, to prevent the formation of soot after the closing of the forced air supply,
arrangements have been employed by which, after the ceasing of the forced air supply,
the air valve is automatically again opened in the event of there being a tendency to
Booting, and in addition the opening of an auxiliary air blast is effected for increasing
the draught, the auxiliary blast as also the air valve being automatically closed again
when the tendency to soot ceases.
The present invention has for its object to effect the above mentioned opening of
the air valve or register after the closing of the forced air supply, by means of the
steam supply passing to the auxiliary blast; the invention also purposes, in the case
of those arrangements that have only a temporarily operating fire box blast, to effect
a renewed supply of steam to this blast at the same time that the air register is
opened.
This improved arrangement, which is mainly applicable to locomotive boilers, is
shewn in one construction, by way of example, on the accompanying drawing; the
arrangement can however be carried out in variously modified ways.
Figure 1 shows a front view of the combined mechanism.
Figure 2 shews an enlarged vertical section, Figure 3 a corresponding sectional
plan, Figure 4 a cross section, and Figures 5 and 6 detached details.
The slow closing of the top air supply register valve as also the closing of the
auxiliary air blast, and if necessary of the steam blast, 18 effected by a cataract device
that is advantageously worked either by means of air or a liquid. This cataract is
set by means of the transmission devices mounted on the tire-door A Figure 1; after
the olosing of the door, the cataract 18 released so as to operate at first more rapidly
and afterwards more slowly.
The variation of the speed of the cataract's action is effected with piston cataracts
by causing the checking air or liquid to pass at first through a larger orifice and
afterwards through a smaller orifice, and on account of the varying exhaust action
and the variation in the quality of the fuel, the speeds of the cataract motion during
the two periods are made independently adjustable.

page_text: With the by-pass cataract shewn in Figures 3 to 5, the piston 1 18 pushed to the
right hand on the opening of the fire-door (into the position shown at Figure 3) the
liquid being caused during this movement to pass through the valve 7 in the piston
from the one side of the latter to the other After closing the fire-door, the piston 18
caused by the pressure of the helical spring 8, to travel from right to left, thereby
forcing the liquid back to the other side through the by-pass channel 9, Figure 3.
At about the middle of the channel 9 a connecting passage 10 opens into it, from the
interior of the cylinder, and at this point is provided a four-way cock 11 shewn
separately in longitudinal and oross section at Figure 5. A second passage 12 is
provided at the front end of the cylinder. During the first portion of the return
motion of the cataract piston the liquid can pass through the passage 10 and the
larger passage of the four-way cock 11 to the other side of the piston 1.
But when the piston has passed the passage 10, the liquid can only pass through the
passage 12 and the small bore 13 (Figure 5) in the four way cock to the other side of
the piston, whereby a considerable retardation of the cataract motion will be effected
during the second period. The four way cock enables a simultaneous regulation of the
speed, both of the first and of the second period of the cataract motion to be
effected.
The regulation of the speed during the first period is effected by the intermediate
position of the cock 11, in which the passage 10 will be more or less covered.
For regulating the speed during the second period the bore 13 of the cock plug 11
can be more or less closed by a spindle 14 placed parallel to the cock axis, and having
small passage 15.
The cataract actuates through suitable connecting devices both the top air register
valve 16, Figure 1, as also the spindle 17, Figures 2 and 3, of a regulating piston
valve 21, which effects the regulation of the steam supply for the auxiliary blast in
such manner, that during the entire return notion of the cataract the steam is
admitted to the auxiliary blast, this connection being only out off by the closing of
valve 21 (which is subject to the steam pressure) after the completion of the cataract
motion.
The steam can however only gain access to the steam pipe 18 leading to the
regulating valve 21 through a special check valve 19 Figures 1 and 6, which, on the
turning of the steam regulator lever 20 of the engine into the closed position shewn
at Figure 1, is forced open thereby Consequently as long as the cataract has not
completed its return motion, steam will always be able to pass to the auxiliary blast
at each closing of the steam regulator, and the auxiliary blast will only cease acting
when the stroke of the cateract 18 completed.
The check valve 19 is preferably constructed with a conical body, like the plug of
cock, on the broader end surface of which steam pressure is always exerted and this
steam pressure always effects the closing of the valve when the downward or opening
pressure of the lever 20 ceases.
Below the regulating valve 21 for the auxiliary blast, is a small auxiliary steam
cylinder 22 with piston 23, Figure 2, which latter can operate the top air register
valve 16 by means of a suitable connection such as the chain shewn at Figure 1.
The left hand end of this small steam cylinder 22 is connected by the channel 24
with the steam passage of the auxillary blast, so that when the latter is in action the
piston 23 will be forced to the right-hand and will effect the opening of the register
valve 16. On the right hand side the piston 18 acted upon either by a spring as at
Figure 2, or this side of the piston is connected by a channel with the steam conduit
to the blast of the fire box, so as to be always subject to steam pressure.
The closing of the auxiliary blast in shutting off the steam supply through 24
consequently effects a movement of the piston 23 to the left hand, and produces the
closing of the register valve 16.
If a special regulation of the steam supply to the fire box 18 to be provided a special
piston valve 38 working in the casing 25, serves for this purpose, this valve being
actuated by the cateract in a similar manner to the register valve 16 during the first
part of its return motion.

page_text: For simplifying the construction it is of advantage, to connect the piston valves 21
and 38 by a stem 17 and to arrange them as a double valve in one and the same
casing in which the chambers for the regulation of the blast for the fire box, and the
auxiliary blast are separated by one or more annular discs 32
The space in the valve casing 25 between valve 38 and diso 32 communicates by
a large channel 35 and by a small channel 36 with a branch to which is connected the
steam pipe 33 leading to the blast nozzle of the fire box. The steam, which passes
through longitudinal passages 37 of the piston 38 into the space between pistons 38
and 33, consequently passes through the channels 35 and 36 into the pipe 33 and
thence to the blast nozzle 26, Figure 1, until the passage 35 is covered by piston 38
whereupon only a very small quantity of steam passes through the small passage 36 to
the nozzle 26 in order to keep it sufficiently cooled to prevent burning
By means of a suitable connection it is rendered possible that on the passage of
steam to the regulating valve 21 of the auxiliary blast, steam is simultaneously made
to pass to the blast nozzle 26 of the fire box. This is effected by a steam channel 27
which passes from a point of the steam channel of the auxiliary blast or directly from
the chamber of valve 21 in which channel 27 18 arranged a check valve 29 for preventing
the steam from passing from the blast of the fire box to the auxiliary blast when the
valve 19 is closed.
The above described apparatus operates as follows During the period of the rapid
return motion of the cataract the top air register valve 16 18 open to a regulatable
extent; albo, steam is allowed to pass to the blast nozzle 26 On the commencement
of the second or slow period of the return motion, the closing of the top air register
valve, as also a considerable throttling of the blast of the file box is effected if an
Ariangement exists for this latter purpose If now at any period of the return motion
of the cataract the steam regulator be closed so that valve 19 18 opened by lever 20,
steam will flow through the chamber of valve 21 to the auxiliary blast and also into
the small auxiliary steam cylinder 22, whereby the latter will effect the holding open
or the again opening of the register valve 16; lastly where there is provided a
regulating valve 38 for the blast 26 of the fire box and this 18 already throttled, steam
is again supplied to it by raising the check valve 29
The actuation of these appliances continues until the cataract reaches the end of its
motion, and the valve 21 is closed, whereupon the auxiliary blist is stopped, the blast
of the fire box is throttled and the top air register valve 18 closed. The closing of the
register valve 16 18 effected by the return notion of the steam piston 23 of the
auxiliary cylinder 22 in consequence of a spring action as shewn at Figure 2, or by
steam pressure passing from the valve box 25 to the right hand end of the cylinder 22
and the piston 23.
Dthin oth dr.. of Tn 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Consuming Smoke in Locomotive and
other Furnaces.
I, THEODOR LANGER, of I Grillparzerstrasse No. 5, Vienna, Austria, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
-
For preventing the production of soot at each charging of fuel into a furnace,
apparatus has been proposed whereby a temporary automatic introduction of top or

page_text: secondary air is effected in combination with a constant or temporary admission of
steam into the combustion chamber.
In such arrangements devices are combined with the hinge of the fire door whereby
at each opening of the door the valve device for the upper air supply, and in some
cases also the valve of the steam supply, is held open during the stoking, and is
allowed to return gradually to the closed position after the closing of the door.
In order, also in the case of furnaces worked partly by natural and partly by forced
air supply, to prevent the forination of soot after the closing of the forced air supply,
arrangements have been employed by which, after the ceasing of the forced air
Bupply, the air valve is automatically again opened in the event of there being a
tendency to sooting, and in addition the opening of an auxiliary steam blast 15
effected for increasing the draught, the auxiliary blast as also the air valve being
automatically closed again when the tendency to soot ceases.
In the Specification to my Patent No. 15542 of 1892 I described various arrange-
ments of apparatus for carrying out the several above described operations and my
present invention relates to further improved constructions whereby the arrangement
and mode of action of the apparatus is considerably simplified and at the same time
is rendered more effective as I will proceed to describe with reference to the accom-
panying drawings in which Fig. 1 shews a front view of the combined mechanism
attached to the front of a locomotive fire box, Fig 2 shews a section through the
end wall of the fire box, shewing the fire door with the rotary air valve, and the
steam jet; Fig. 3 shews an enlarged front view of the cataract cylinder and its con-
nections, Fig. 4 shews a part sectional plan of the same and of the steam valve
apparatus in connection therewith, Fig 5 shews a vertical section on line X X
Fig. 4 of the steam valve apparatus, Fig. 6 shews a cross section on line Y Y
Fig. 3, Fig 7 shows a part vertical section through the cataract cylinder and of the
parts in connection therewith; Figs 8 and 9 shew a cross section and longitudinal
section through the cock for regulating the return passage of the cataract
cylinder; Fig 10 shews a vertical section through the steam supply valve con-
trolled by the steam regulator lever of the locomotive engine; Fig. 11 shews
detached views of the levers and Ings on the fire door spindle, and Figs 12 and 13
shew details of the steam jet
The arrangement of the fire door with rotatable register valve 1 for admitting
and gradually cutting off the secondary air supply above the fire after stoking
18 as regards its main features similar to that described in the Specification
to Patent No 15542 of 1892, that is to say. The fire door has a rotatable
register valve 1 which is weighted at 2, 2, so as to tend to turn automatically
into the position in which it closes the air inlet openings of the door
The spindle 59 to which the hinge of the fire door is fixed, is turned by means of a
handle 60 for opening and closing the fire door; upon the spindle is adjustably fixed
a collar 4, and loosely mounted thereon are two sleeves carrying respectively the lever
arma 5 and 6. The collar 4 has a downward projecting lug 4* Fig. 11 which on
turning the spindle for opening the fire door, comes in contact with a lug 5* on the
sleeve of arm 5 and consequently turns this in the same direction namely to the
right hand; the lug 5* in its turn bears with its downward extension against a
lug 6* of arm 6 and also carries this round to the right hand with it.
The arm 5 18 pivotted to the rod 7 of piston 9 of the cataract cylinder 3, so that
when arm 5 is turned back on opening the fire door, it pushes piston 9 back into
the position shewn at Fig. 4 thereby compressing spring 10 behind it.
The arm 6 18 connected by a chain 8 to the register valve 1, so that on being carried
round to the right by arm 5 it will hold the valve 1 in such a position that when the
door is closed again the valve well be made to uncover the openings in the door 80
as to admit air into the fire box above the fire. On closing the door, the lug 4* sets
the arm 5 free, so that the spring 10 of the cataract cylinder can now foice piston 9
forward again, such forward motion being controlled by the fluid in front of the piston
as will be presently explained.
As the arm 5 moves forward it also allows arm 6 to move forward and consequently

page_text: allows the weights 2 to gradually turn the register valve 1 into the closed position
again. For accurately adjusting the position of the register valve relatively to the
arm 6, the chain 8 18 connected to a nut on a screw spindle 18 situated in a slot in
the aim, so that by turning such surew spindle the position of the attachment of
chain 8 relatively to arm 6 can be varied.
While the piston 91 pushed back as described, the liquid in the cylinder 3 behind
it passes freely through the valve 11 to the space in front of the piston, while when
the piston is being forced forward, valve 11 being closed by a spring as shewn, the
liquid in front of the piston is forced by the latter through a channel 12 Fig. 7 back
to the rear end of the cylinder again. The channel 12 communicates for this purpose
with the front part of cylinder 3 by means of two openings 13 and 14, of which 13 13
near the middle of the cylinder while 14 is at the front end. At the opening 18 a
four way oook 15 18 provided in the channel 12, and when this is in the position
shewn the liquid can pass comparatively freely through opeuing 13, cock passage 16,
and channel 12 to the rear of the piston while this performs the first part of its
forward motion. When, however, the piston passes over and closes opening 13 the
liquid can only escape to the rear through opening 14 and the smaller passage 17 of
cock 15, and consequently the forward motion of the piston takes place much slower
during the second half of the stroke.
The closing of the register valve 1 is completed during the first part of the cataract
pistons stroke, and the speed with which this is effected is regulated by turning the
four way cock 15 by means of the hand lever 19 Fig 1 so that its passages either
leave the opening 13 and channel 12 full open, as shown at Figa. 7 and 8, or they
olose them more or less. The position of the cook for this purpose is determined by
the adjustable stop 21 against which the handle 19 is made to bear for the open
positions of the passages 13, while for restricting the position it is turned more or
less to the left.
The speed of the piston during the second part of its stroke 18 regulated by means
of a small conical plug 20 fitted in the passage 17 of the cock and having a hole
transversely through it, which, in the position of the plug shewn at Figs. 7, 8 and 9,
leaves the passage 17 full open, but which, on turning the plug 20 more or less is
made to restrict such passage to a corresponding extent. The forward stroke of the
cataract piston also effects the gradual cloning of the steam supply to the steam
jet 46 from which the steam is made to issue in a finely divided form above the fuel
through the perforated head 46*.
This regulated steam supply is effected as follows; behind the cataract cylinder is
a steam valve casing 22 the rear end of which receives a continuous steam supply
from a valve 30 through a pipe 31. To the top of the valve casing 22 are connected
firstly a pipe 36 for leading a steam supply to the steam Jet 46 over the fire, secondly
a pipe 37 for leading a steam supply to the auxiliary steam blast in the locomotive
smoke box, and thirdly a pipe 32 for leading a steam supply from the valve 300 to the
said pipe 37 when the steam regulator 61 is closed and the main steam blast is
consequently stopped.
Within the casing 22 is firstly a piston valve 25 having passages through it as
shewn, so that steam entering through pipe 31 can pass through the valve to the
narrow space between this and a piston 27, which serves to separate the front space of
casing 22 which is supplied periodically with steam from pipe 32, from the rear space
which is supplied continuously with steam from pipe 31. The piston valve 25 and
piston 27 are fixed to one and the same piston rod 24 and in front of piston 27 a
coned valve 26 is formed on the piston rod which can close on coned seat formed on
the end of the space of reduced diameter 23 formed in the front end of the casing. 22
which space communicates with the pipe 37 leading to the auxiliary blast,
The piston valve 25 and piston 27 are urged forward by a coiled spring 52
A lever arm 28 pivotted on the framing of the apparatus has its end engaged in a
5 slot in the piston rod of the cataract cylinder, and fixed to it is a cam 29 of such a
shape and position that when the cataract piston has been forced backward on opening
the fire door, as above described, and the lever 28 has been turned back with it into

page_text: the position shewn at Fig. 4, the cam 29 will at the same time force back the piston
rod 24, piston 27 and piston valve 25, compressing the spring 52, so that when the
fire door is open and fresh coal is charged on to the fire these parts will be in the
position shown in Fig. 5.
In this position it will be seen that steam will pass from the rear end of the
casing 22 to the pipe 36 leading to the steam jet over the fire, both through the small
passage 35, capable of regulation by a perforated screw plug 62 and also through
a passage 34 communicating with the the space between 25 and 27; also should the
steam supply valve 30 be open, steam will also pass from pipe 32 through annular
space 23 and pipe 37 to the auxiliary blast in the smoke box. The fire door
having been closed, and the forward motion of the cataract piston cominenced the
cam 29 will gradually recede from the piston rod 2+, and spring 52 will consequently
now gradually move valve 25, piston 27 and valve 26 forward. During such notion
the piston valve 25 will gradually close the passage 34 supplying steam to the steam
Jet 46 through pipe 36, and when passage 34 18 completely closed which will occur
at about the same time that the air valve 1 is closed by the cataract only a small
quantity of steam will pass to the steam jet through the passage 35, this small supply
being merely intended to preserve the head 46* of the steam jet against the heat of
the fire. As the piston 27 and piston rod continue to advance more slowly under the
action of the spring 52 during the retarded second half of the cataract pistons motion,
the valve 26 will gradually close upon its seat, and will thus cut off the supply of
steam from pipe 32 to the auxiliary steam blast, should the steam valve 30 happen
to be open. Should the steam supply to the steam jet 46 he restricted as described
at a time when the steam supply to the auxiliary blast 18 turned on, a quantity of
steam will be supplied from pipe 37 to the pipe 36 through a communicating
passage 40 Fig. 7; a check valve 41 1s provided in this passage to prevent steam
passing from pipe 31 to the auxiliary blast when the steam supply to pipe 32 has
been cut off, owing to the main steam blast being in action When the auxiliary
steam blast is in action it is of advantage that the register valve 1 should be open to
admit air above the fire In order to effect this, a small cylinder 42 18 provided
below casing 22 in which is a piston 45 urged forward by a spring, and having its
piston rod connected by a chain 43 to the lever 6 controlling the register valve
steam passage 44 leads from the annular space 23 to the front end of cylinder 42, so
that when steam is passing from pipe 32 to the auxiliary blast it will also pass
through channel 44 to the front of piston 45 and in forcing this back against the
action of the spring, it will cause the register valve to be turned into the open
position. When this steam supply is cut off, the spring will push the piston forward
again, thus allowing the register valve to close.
A
The construction and action of the valve device 30 which controls the supply of
steam to the auxiliary blast is as follows:—
It consists of a conical plug 53 fitting in a coned chamber 30 and having a stem 54
passing up through a stuffing box to the underside of the lever 55 of the steam
regulating valve of the engine. This lever has a cam shaped tail piece 33 which, when
the lever 55 is in the upright position shewn in Fig 1, in which the steam supply to
the engine and consequently to the main steam blast is cut off, forces the steam 54
and consequently the valve 53 down from its seat. The valve casing 30 is connected
by a branch 56 to the steam supply valve 57 and by an opposite branch to the steam
supply pipe 32 for the auxiliary blast; at the bottom the valve casing is connected to
the steam pipe 31 leading to the end of the valve casing 22. The plug valve 53 has
an elbow passage 58 through which steam can pass continuously from pipe 56 to
pipe 31
The steam acting continuously on the underside of the plug valve, presses
this up against its seat so as to cut off the steam supply to the auxiliary blast, this
taking place as long as the regulator lever 55 18 in the position for admitting steam to
the engine and main steam blast, but as soon as the level 55 18 turned into the vertical
closing position shewn at Fig. 1, the cam 33 depresses the valve 53 and steam then
passes through pipe 32 to the auxiliary blast
The quantity of such supply 18 capable of regulation by means of the screwed

page_text: perforated plug 39, in the branch 38 leading to pipe 37, by turning which plug the
passage for the steam can be more or less restricted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same 18 to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1 In apparatus for consuming smoke of the kind herein referred to a cataract
apparatus, the piston 9 of which after performing the first part of its forward motion
during which it closes the upper air inlet valve 1, has its speed automatically decreased
by causing the cataract fluid to pass through return passages of restricted area, the
area of the passages both for the brst part and for the second part of the motion being
provided with means of regulation, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. In cataract apparatus of the kind referred to in the first claim, the combination
with a piston 9 urged forward by a spring 10 in a chamber filled with fluid, of a
return passage 12 for the fluid having firstly an opening 13 for the return flow of
the liquid during the first part of the forward motion of the piston, and having secondly
an opening 14 communicating with a restricted portion of the passage 12 for the flow
of the liquid during the second part of the pistons motion, substantially as described.
3. In cataract apparatus of the kind referred to in the second claim, the
combination with the passage 12 for the return flow of the liquid of a fourway cock 15
so arranged as to establish a comparatively free communication between the
opening 13 and the rear part of the channel 12 while a restricted passage 17 of the
cock serves to restrict the communication between the opening 14 and such rear part
of channel 12 substantially as described.
4. In cataract apparatus of the kind referred to in the third claim, the combination
with the restricted passage 17 of the cock 15 of an adjustable plug 20 with small
transverse passage for regulating the area of the passage 17, substantially as
described.
5 In combination with a cataract apparatus such as is referred to in the preceding
claims, a valve 26 placed between the steam supply pipe 32 and the pipe 37 leading
to the auxilary steam blast, such valve being controlled by the piston 9 of the
cataract in such manner that it is kept closed when the cataract piston is at the end
of its forward stroke while during such stroke it 18 open and becomes gradually closed,
substantially as and for the purposes described.
6. In combination with the valve 26 controlling the supply of steam to the
auxiliary steam blast referred to in the fifth clan, a steam supply valve 53 which
outs off the steam to the auxiliary blast when the regulating valve of the engine is
open, but which when the regulating valve is closed is forced open by a cam on the
regulator lever so as to admit steam to the auxiliary blast, when the valve 26 is open,
substantially as described.
7. In combination with the valve 26 referred to in the fifth claim, the use of an
auxiliary steam cylinder 42 with piston 45 connected by a rod or chain with the
upper air admission valve 1, and so arranged that at the same time that the valve 26
admits steam to the auxiliary steam blast, it also admits steam to the piston 45
through passage 44 so as to cause the piston to open the valve 1 again after it has
been closed by the cataract apparatus and when the auxiliary steam blast is in action,.
substantially as described.
8. In combination with the cataract apparatus referred to in the first claim, a
cylinder 22 containing a piston valve 25 controlling the supply of steam through
passages 35 and 34 and pipe 36 to the steam jet 46, over the fre, the stem 24 of said
valve 25 being controlled by the piston 9 of the cataract cylinder, so that when
piston 9 is in the backward position and the air supply valve 1 is open, the valve 25
admits full steam to the steam jet 46 but when the piston 9 has performed the first
half of its stroke and the valve 1 is closed, the piston valve 25 partially closes the
steam supply to the steam jet 46, substantially as described.
9. In combination with cylinder 22 containing valve 26 and piston valve 25, a
chamber 30 containing a conical valve 53, and supplied with steam through a

page_text: pipe 56, the steam being made to pass continuously through passage 58 and pipe 31
to the rear end of cylinder 22, while the steam pressure in holding valve 53 against
its seat, cuts off the steam supply through pipe 32 to the auxiliary blast except when
the valve is forced open by the lever when closing the regulator, substantially as
described.
10. In combination with cylinder 22 and piston valve 25 for controlling the supply
of steam to the steam jet 46, a passage 40 connecting the pipe 37 leading to the
auxiliary blast with the pipe 36 leading to the steam jet 46, so that when steam 18
admitted to the auxiliary blast, it will also pass freely through passage 40 and
pipe 36 to the steam jet over the fire, although the valve 25 may at that time close
the steam passage 34, substantially as described.
11. In combination with the steam pussage 40 referred to in the tenth claim, the
use of a check valve 41 for preventing the passage of steam from pipe 36 to the
auxiliary steam blast, when the main steam blast is in action and the valve 53 18
closed, substantially as described.
12. The combination of the valves 25 and 26 referred to in Claims 5 and 8 on one
and the same stem 24, so as to be operated simultaneously by the cataract piston,
substantially as described.
13. In apparatus for consuming smoke of the kind berein referred to, the com-
bination of any two or more of the devices refeired to in the preceding claims with
each other, substantially as described.