IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND KEYS
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co, Patent
Agents Southampton Buildings, in the: County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOCKS AND KEYS and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to locks, and comprises the improvements hereinafter
described.
The object of the said invention is to provide a series of locks which cannot be
picked," and which may be used, when desired, as automatic dead locking latches;
there are other advantages obtained by this invention, which will be hereinafter
mentioned.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is an interior view of a lock, embodying one part of my invention.
Figure 2 is a view of the exterior of same.
Figure 3 is a section on the line 1, 2 Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a section on the line 3, 4 Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a similar view on the line 5, 6 Figure 3.
Figures 6 and 7 are views of the key used to open the lock illustrated in
Figure 1,
Figure 8 is an interior view of a different form of lock embodying my
invention.
Figures 9 and 10 are detached perspective views of certain parts of the same.
Figure 11 is an exterior view of the lock shown in Figure 8.
Figure 12 is a section on the line 7, 8 Figure 8.
Figure 13 is a detached view of the lock looking at the end of the cylindrical
casing Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a vertical section through the casing on the line 9-10 Figure 13,
and illustrating the normal position of the combination of stop pins or pieces
enclosed therein.
Figure 15 is a similar view of same, showing the position of the combination
when the proper key has been inserted to turn the casing and thereby free the
[Price 8d1

page_text: bolt, so that it may be withdrawn into the lock casing by the rotation of the knob
spindle; and
Figure 16 is a view of the key by which the lock illustrated in Figure 8 may be
opened.
Referring to Figures 1 to 7 inclusive A denotes the outer casing, within which
are arranged the bolts B, C, one being at each side of the casing, and the two being
connected adjacent to their points, by the cross-bar D; the horizontal centre of
which is removed, forming an elongated slot E. The points of the bolts B, C, are
adapted to move through slots or apertures formed in the end wall of the casing A
while the rear ends of said bolts, lettered F, G respectively, are of suitable form and
length, and are each provided with a post H, à lug I, and a shoulder B¹. The
posts H, H serve as bearings for the ends of the spring J, which is secured at its
central portion on the post K, and exerts a forward tension on the bolts through
the posts H, H. The bolts B, C have a sliding movement to permit or prevent
the opening of the door by the arm K which has a slot in its end encircling the
post on the bolt C, and is actuated by the rotation of the knob spindle. The
bolts B. C, being connected by the bar D; have a simultaneous movement. Adjacent
to the inner edges of the bolts B, C are pivotally secured the oscillating levers M,
the front ends of which, have upon their inner edges, the notches N, while the
rear ends of said levers M have posts and lugs P, which latter are on the outer
edges of the levers, and arranged in convenient relation to engage the lugs I at
the proper time, as hereinafter described.
רי
The rear ends of the levers M, are pressed toward the adjacent portions of the
bolts B, C by means of the spring Q, the central portion of which is wrapped
around the post K, while its ends bear against the posts O, connected with the said
levers M. Between the front ends of the levers M is applied a bar R, which is
connected with a slide S, located upon the outer face of the casing A, by a piñ T
passing through the elongated slot V see Figure 2. The ends of the bar R, are
suitably conformed to enter the notches N, formed in the front ends of the levers M,
at the proper time, and to slide therefrom when the bar is moved forward by the
operation of the slide S. The bar R and slide S may be secured at the end of
their forward movement, or be freed so, as to move, back and forth without
obstruction, by means of the button W, which is pivotally secured directly in the,
rear of the slide S, and has two flattened faces as shown in Figure 2, at different
distances from its' centre and either of which inay be thrown in contact with the
end of the slide, whereby the extent of the movement of the bar R and slide S may
be controlled at will. When the slide S. is drawn to the extreme of its forward
movement, it carries the bar with it; and frees the oscillating levers M from any
contact with the bolts B, C, and said slide may be locked in this forward position,
by turning the button W, so that its flattened face X, most distant from its centre,
will come behind the same. While the slide. S, bar R and levers M are in the
position just described, the bolts B, C may be moved freely by the knob spindle and
the lock may then be employed as an ordinary latch. When, however, the button W
is turned, so that its face nearest the centre comes in contact with the end of the
slide S, the ends of the bar R will enter the notches N, and permit the spring Qto.
throw the rear ends of the levers M outward against the corresponding ends of the
bolts B, C, in which operation, the bolts being at their forward position, the lugs P
on the levers M will pass behind the lugs I on the bolts B. C; and thus serve to lock
the said bolts until, by the operation of the key from the outside of the door, as
hereinafter described, the forward. ends of the levers M are spread apart, so as to
disengage the lugs I, P, or until some one at the inside of the door moves the slide S
and thereby moves the bar R forward, which has the same effect as the key so far
as the movement of the levers M is concerned.
Upon the forward portions of the levers M are provided the corresponding lugs Z,
which are arranged to be engaged by the two wings a of the key 6, as hereinafter
docauihed

page_text: Between the forward ends of the levers M. and immediately in rear of the bar R
are provided the standards c, connected at their base by a cross bar d, the purpose
of the standards being to receive the wards or combination of pieces e, said pieces
being provided with notches f to rest over the cross-bar d. The pieces e are
provided also, with notches g which pass over the bar R, and the front ends of the
said pieces terminate adjacent to the inner face of the cross-bar D, while their rear
ends extend a suitable distance in rear of the standards c, as shown. The pieces e
are substantially alike, with the exception of their rear ends, which are cut to
present, when the pieces are in face to face contact, an irregular upper surface as
shown.
.
In Figures 1 and 4, the upper edges of the rear ends of the pieces e are of varied
height, and portions or all of same are bevelled. The pieces e may vary in thick-
ness, or be otherwise different from each other, so that when their relations are
altered from that illustrated in the drawings a new key will be required to operate
them. The set of pieces illustrated is but one of the many combinations or
arrangements that may be devised, each necessitating alterations in the key for
moving its parts.
In Figures 6 and 7 I illustrate the key which is employed for operating the
series or combination of pieces e; it consists of the blade b and pivotted levers or
wings a, the inner edges of which parts a converge at a point adjacent to their
pivots k, and have the inclined faces l, m, respectively. The lower ends of the
wings or levers a project outward, as indicated, and are provided on their lower
edges with notches when desired. When the lower ends of the levers a are
together, the upper ends of the same will project beyond the side edges of the
blade b, as indicated in Figure 7, and when the upper ends of the levers a are
moved towards each other, the lower portions of the same will spread apart,
as indicated in Figure 6. The lower edges of the blades of the key are provided
with notches t, which pass over and engage the irregular surface formed upon the
rear portion of the series or combination of pieces c. It is plain that the notches in
the blade b, must perfectly fit said irregular surface, otherwise only a portion of the
pieces e will be affected by the key. A key hole guide or sleeve u is provided, in
order that the key may be inserted from the outside of the door, for the purpose of
reaching the combination of pieces e and spreading apart the levers M. The sleeve u
will be of slightly greater width than that of the blade b, and when the key is to
be inserted therein; the lower ends of the wings a will be moved toward each other
so as to enter the sleeve, and when said key has been sufficiently inserted for the
upper edge of the sleeve to strike the outwardly inclined upper portions of the
wings a, the lower ends of the said wings will be gradually forced outward from.
each other and will come in contact with the projections or lugs on the levers M,
and cause the forward ends of the said levers to move outward, whereby they will .
release the cross-bar R and effect the disengagement of the lugs I, P. The intro-
duction of the key' in the manner described also has the effect of engaging the
irregular surface presented by the upper rear ends of the combination of pieces e,
and by depressing said rear portions, the front ends thereof are elevated so as to
come directly opposite to the elongated slot E, formed in the cross-bar D connecting
the two bolts. When the elements of the lock are in the condition just described,
it will be plain that the bolts may be moved into the casing A. so as to unfasten the
door by the rotation of the knob spindle. In the normal condition of the series e;
their forward ends are depressed by means of suitable springs u, against the
casing A in rear of the lower edge of the cross-bar D. Whon the rear ends of the
pieces e are depressed their front ends will be elevated so as to be in line with
the slot E, and permit the movement of the bolts B, C as aforesaid. It will
be obvious, however, that the key must be suitably constructed to properly engage
every one of the pieces e, for otherwise some of said pieces would either remain in
their normal condition, or their front ends would ascend too far and thus come in rear
of the upper edge of the cross-bar D, while others would possibly come in line with

page_text: the slot; thus it will be seen that the lock under such a condition of affairs.could
not be opened.
Hereinbefore I have described the condition of the parts of the lock when the
same will operate as an ordinary latch, which is when the slide S is drawn and
secured at the end of its forward stroke. When the slide S is at the end of its
back stroke, the lugs I, P will be engaged, and the front ends of the combination
of pieces e will be in rear of the lower edge of the cross bar D, whereby the
bolts B, C will be doubly locked; for it is plain that to unfasten the door, the
lugs I, P must be thrown apart, and, at the same time, the front ends of the com-
bination of pieces e be sufficiently elevated to pass through the slot E. One of the
series of pieces e has its lower rear edge resting upon the face of the casing A, so
that when the key is inserted, this piece, being immovable, will arrest the key at
the proper point to permit the slot E to move over the front ends of the full
combination of pieces. When the slide S and bar R are moved forward, the com-
bination of pieces e is elevated thereby, so as not to interfere with the proper
movement of the bolts B, C.
When the device hereinbefore described is used as a latch, the slide S need only
be held forward, until the lugs I, P have passed each other and the combination
of pieces e has entered the slot E, which occurs immediately after the bolts B, C
have been started inward from the keeper on the door post. Upon releasing the
slide S (the bolts B, C being on their back stroke) the spring Q forces the lugs P
on the levers M in front of the lugs I on the bolts B, C; and moves (owing to the
inclined faces in the notches N) the slide S back to its former position. The effect
of this operation is that the bolts can only return forward about one half their
stroke, being prevented from further movement by the lugs P coming in front of
the lugs I. When the door to which the lock is applied is being closed, however,
the protruding ends of the bolts B, C strike the keeper and are driven into the
casing, and then when the door is finally closed the spring J has sufficient force
to cause the lugs I to pass the lugs P, whereby the bolts B, C lock the door and
are themselves dead-locked by the lugs P. The lock is thus an automatic dead-
locking latch.
It will be found impossible to "pick" the lock described, for if the levers M are
forced outward farther than the required distance, their front ends will pass
behind the shoulders B and relock the bolts at this point; thus even though the
lugs I, P become unlocked, the front ends of the levers and shoulders B' will
secure the bolts under the condition specified. The fact also, that a portion of the
combination of pieces e is beyond the sides of the key-hole will prevent any
successful tampering with the lock. To open the lock, the levers M must not only
be properly spread apart, but it is also necessary that the combination of pieces e
be successfully elevated, thus one part of the lock acts as a check upon the other
part, until all parts are properly operated, which I consider impossible without the
express key prepared by the manufacturer for the special lock to be opened.
Referring to Figures 8 to 16 inclusive, illustrating the second part of my inven-
tion, A denotes the lock casing, and B the bolt, the shank C of which. extends a
suitable distance into the casing and is provided adjacent to its front end with the
shoulder D and projection E. The bolt has the usual sliding movement, being
guided therein by the lugs or pins F.
Within the casing A is provided the spring G, which exerts a forward tension
upon the bolt in the customary manner. Upon the inner end of the bolt shank is
provided the notch H which receives the free ends of the vibrating levers I, I'
connected with the knob spindle J, so that, upon the rotation of the spindle, the
levers I, I will draw the bolt into the casing, or permit the spring G to force it
into its forward position. The levers I, I' are connected with sleeves e, f, which
encompass the knob spindle in the customary manner. Upon the lower side
of the lever I is formed the lug K, the purpose of which will be hereinafter
mentioned.
"

page_text: At one side of the bolt shank C is secured, upon a pivot, the oscillating lever L,
the front end of which is provided with a lug M, which, at the proper time, engages
the projection E, formed on the bolt. The lever L is supplied with a post N
against which a spring O exerts a tension to force the forward end of the lever L
into contact with the front portion of the bolt. In the rear end of the lever L is
cut a notch P to receive the lugs K, in order that when the lever I is vibrated
the lug will come in contact with the rear wall of the notch and force the rear end
of the lever L towards the adjacent end of the bolt shank, whereby the front end
of the lever L will be freed from contact with the projection E. When the knob
spindle is turned to give the lever I a movement towards the front (that is
toward the bolt B), the lug K will permit the spring O to force the front portion
of the lever L into contact with the bolt, said portion of the lever coming
either behind the shoulder D or against the side of the bolt in front of the
projection E. Below the bolt shank C is secured upon a pivot Q the cam
plate R, which may be rotated by means of a button S from the outer side
of the lock casing, the purpose of the cam plate being to free the lever L
from contact with the bolt, by turning the point T of the cam into the notch V
cut in the lever. The cam plate R is furnished with a pin W which serves
to prevent the plate from being unduly turned, by striking the side of the bolt
shank. When the lever L is moved from the bolt by the operation of the cam R,
the bolt may be used as a simple spring latch; but when the point of the cam is
turned from the lever L, the front end of the lever will be forced in contact with
the bolt at a point either in front of the projection E or behind the shoulder D
according to the position of the bolt; when the front end of the lever L and the
lug M are behind the shoulder the bolt B will be effectually locked. The lever L
with its lug M may be withdrawn from contact with the bolt B from either the
inside or outside of the door-from the inside, by means of the knob spindle, and
from the outside by means of the key hereinafter described. The knob spindle J
is formed of two sections swivelled at X in the usual manner, the joint, when the
spindle is in position in the lock, being centrally between the sleeves e, f, so that
when the knob on the inner side of the door is rotated, it will turn the sleeve e
and vibrating lever I; and when the knob on the outside of the door is turned it will
simply operate the sleeve fand vibrating lever I'. When the knob on the inner side
of the door is rotated to move the lever I, as aforesaid, it will cause the projection K to
bear against the rear wall of the notch P and throw the front end of the lever L from
contact with the bolt B, as hereinafter described. The continued motion of the
lever I by means of the spindle operated from the inner side of the door, after
throwing the lever L from contact with the bolt, causes the shank C to move
rearward, unlocking the door. The door cannot be unlocked, however by turning
the knob on the outer end of the spindle, since the movement of the lever I caused
thereby, will not have the effect of freeing the oscillating lever L; hence, to open
the door from the outer side, it will be necessary not only to operate the knob, but
to use a key in freeing the lever L from cóntact with the bolt; that is, unless the
cam R has been turned to separate the lever and bolt shank, as herein before
described. When however, the key hereinafter described, is applied to free the
lever L, the door may be opened from the outside by simply turning the knob.
Upon the inner edges of the casing A is arranged the plate h, having a suitable
aperture i to permit the passage through it of the knob spindle, and being provided
also with the slots j, ke over which is secured, by means of the screw 1, the cylindrical
casing m, which is slotted vertically at its centre and contains two series or com-
binations of pieces n, o. The screw / enters the cylinder m at its centre; and serves
as a pivot upon which the cylinder may be turned freely, when the combinations of
pieces no are in proper position to permit this result. Upon the lower edge of
the cylinder m is provided a pin p, which passes through the slot q cut in the
plate h and terminates behind the inclined end of one arm of the angle plate x,
pivotted to the inner face of the plate h, the other arm of the angle plate, being
between the post N of the lever Land the bolt shank O, as shown in Figure 13.

page_text: On the inner face of the plate h is secured, upon a bar r, the series of parallel
springs 8, the free ends of which cross the slots j, k and support the lower series of
pieces t, constituting the combination o; the pieces forming the combination n, rest
upon the pieces t of the combination o. The upper edge of the combination of
pieces n presents a smooth surface, while their lower edges, have an irregular surface
corresponding with the upper edge of the combination o, as shown in Figure 14, the
lower edges of the pieces o being regular and resting upon the springs & as aforesaid.
The lower edge of the key is provided with an edge or wards, corresponding with
the irregular surface presented by the lower edge of the combination n, or the upper
edge of the combination o. In introducing the key into the cylinder m the object
is so to move the combinations of pieces n, o that they will permit the turning of
the said cylinder m, which motion carries the pin p against one arm of the angle
plate x, thereby moving the other arm thereof, against the post N, and separating
the lever L from contact with the bolt shank, at which time, by turning the knob
on the outside of the door, the bolt B may be drawn into the casing A, unlocking
the door. The combinations n, o will be in a position to permit the turning of the
cylinder m in the manner just described, when the pieces t have been so far pressed
into the lock casing that their upper edges will present a regular surface and be
flush with the upper edges of the slots j k cut in the plate h.
It will be obvious that upon the introduction of the key having an irregular
lower edge corresponding with the lower edge of the pieces n, the upper edge of
the said pieces, owing to the pressure of the springs 8, will fill the interstices in the
lower edge of the key, whereby the lower edge of the said pieces will present a
smooth surface, as shewn in Figure 15, necessitating a like movement in the pieces
of the combination o, whereby their upper edges will present a smooth surface and
their lower edges an irregular one, corresponding with the present appearance of.
the upper edges of the pieces n.
The various positions of the combinations n, o are illustrated in Figures 14
and 15; the position of the combinations when in a condition to permit the.
cylinder m to turn being shewn in Figure 15. Upon the removal of the key from
the cylinder m, the springs 8 will force the combinations no to their former
positions. The combination of pieces n, o will vary in length and width for the
different locks, and the keys will have notches cut in their lower edges to correspond
with the condition of the combinations, in order that for the various locks, different.
keys must be used. The combinations may, of course, be altered, almost to an
unlimited extent, and unless the lower edges of the combination are brought
flush with the upper surface of the plate h, the key will not turn the cylinder m,
and consequently will not free the lever L from contact with the bolt. It will be
seen therefore that the key must be fitted to each combination, and that by reason
of this the lock is rendered a particularly safe one.
The knob spindle J is inserted through the casing A from the outer side of the
door, and the outer end of said spindle will be thicker than the other end in order
that when the outer knob is removed, said spindle cannot be forced directly through
the lock, should this be attempted in endeavouring to open the lock without the.
proper key.
It will be observed from the foregoing description, that the lock may be used as
an ordinary latch, when, by the operation of the cam R, the lever I is freed from
contact with the bolt B, and at this time the bolt may be moved by the knob from
either side of the door; that upon turning the knob from the inner side of the door,
the lever L will be freed from contact with the bolt and the bolt drawn into the
casing, unlocking the door; and that upon the key being applied to the com-
binations n, o and the cylinder m turned, the lever L, will be freed from contact
with the bolt B, at which time the bolt may be drawn into the casing, by turning
the knob on the outer side of the door. When the key is withdrawn from the
cylinder m and the bolt is in its rearward position, the springs will cause ther
projection M on the front end of the lever L to close, against the bolt in front of

page_text: the projection E, whereby the spring G is only permitted to force the bolt about
half of its usual forward throw, but upon the closing of the door, the sudden
striking of the bevelled end of the bolt against the keeper of the lock will drive the
bolt into the casing F and at this time the spring G will have sufficient impetus to
carry the shoulder E past the projection M and fully lock the door.
The fact that the pieces forming the combinations no are independent of each
other, and each has a yielding support, effectually precludes the possibility of
taking an impression of the combination for the purpose of making a false key.. It
is true also, that in addition to this reason, and what has been said herein before
in regard to turning the cylinder m, other difficulties would be experienced in any
attempt to pick the lock. In operating upon the combinations no any one
attempting to pick the lock would not have the benefit of hearing or being able to
feel, when the combinations had arrived at that point where they would permit the
cylinder m to be rotated for the purpose of freeing the oscillating lever L from the
bolt, and this is true also of the combinations lettered e in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive,
Any contact of the parts that may be heard or felt, by any one trying to pick the
lock, would be such as could not be removed and would not serve to enlighten such
person upon the interior construction of the lock, or the location of its parts.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
•
First. In a lock, the bolts B, C connected at their front portion by a cross-bar D.
having an elongated slot E, in combination with the oscillating levers M whose
rear ends are adapted to engage the rear ends of the said bolts; the sliding bar R.
arranged transversely between and adapted to engage with the front ends of the
levers ; the slide S located upon the outer face of the casing A and being in
connection with the bar R; and a combination of pieces e arranged over the
bar R and in line with the bolts B, C, and adapted when tilted to permit the slot E.
to pass over them; substantially as set forth.
.
Second. In à lock, the bolts B, C connected by a cross-bar, in combination with:
the oscillating levers M, the rear ends of which are adapted to engage the rear ends
of the said bolts, and with the sliding bar R whose ends engage the front ends of
the oscillating levers M.
Third. In a lock, the bolts B, C connected by the bar D, and having upon their
rear ends the lugs I, in combination with the oscillating levers M (one adjacent to
each bolt) having upon their rear ends lugs P adapted to engage the lugs I on said
bolts, and in their front ends notches N; the sliding bar R arranged transversely
between the levers M, and whose ends engage the notches N; and springs J, Q the
former arranged to exert a forward pressure on the bolts B, C and the latter to
throw the rear ends of the levers M into engagement with the rear. ends of the
bolts B, C, substantially as set forth.
.
Fourth. In a lock, the bolts B, C connected by the bar D, and having upon their
rear ends the lugs I and forward thereof the shoulders B', in combination with the
oscillating levers M, the rear ends of which are adapted to engage the lugs I, the
front ends of the levers being provided with notches N adapted to engage the
shoulders B¹; and the sliding bar R arranged transversely between the levers M and
in position to engage the notches N, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. In a lock, the bolts connected at their front portions, in combination with
a series of tilting locking pieces e arranged in line with the bolts, a portion of the
said locking pieces being beyond the sides of the key-holes and a key a portion of
which will move outward when inserted into the key-hole and reach those pieces e
beyond the sides thereof, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. In a lock, the bolts B, C connected by a bar D having a slot E, in com-
bination with the oscillating levers M, the rear ends of which are adapted to engage
the rear ends of said bolts; the sliding bar R transversely arranged between and
adapted to engage the forward ends of the levers M; the combination of pieces e
"

page_text: arranged over said þar R, and a portion of which are beyond the sides of the key,
hole; and a key having wings aa which spread apart after entering the lock
and engage said pieces e beyond the sides of the key-hole; substantially as set
forth.
Seventh. In a lock, the bolts B, C connected by a bar D, in combination with the
oscillating levers M, having lugs Z, beyond the sides of the key-hole, the rear ends
of the levers being adapted to engage the rear ends of said bolts; the sliding bar R,
arranged transversely between, and whose ends engage the front ends of the
levers M; and the key b having wings a, a which spread apart after entering the
lock and strike the lugs Z; substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Eighth. In a lock, the bolts in combination with a series of locking pieces e, n
portion of which are beyond the sides of the key-hole; and a key having wings a, a
which spread apart when inserted into the lock and reach those pieces e heyond the
sides of the key-hole; substantially as set forth.
T
Ninth. In a lock, the connected bolts B C; levers M; bar R, and slide S, in
combination with the button W, as described.
Tenth. In a lock, the bolt B having a shoulder, in combination with the oscillating
lever L, one end of which is adjacent to said shoulder on the bolt; means for
freeing the lever L from the bolt independent of the key; and means for exerting,
through the medium of the key, pressure against the lever for the purpose of
freeing it from the bolt; substantially as set forth.
Eleventh. In a lock, the bolt having a shoulder, in combination with the
Oscillating lever L, one end of which is adjacent to the said shoulder; the cam
plate R for moving the end of the lever L from contact with the 'bolt; and a lever
connected with the knob spindle, whereby the bolt may be withdrawn into the
casing; substantially as set forth.
Twelfth. In a lock, the bolt B having a shoulder, in combination with the
oscillating lever L, one end of which is adjacent to the said shoulder; the vibrating
lever I connected with the knob spindle by which the lever L may be freed from
contact with the bolt, and the bolt then withdrawn into the casing; substantially
as set forth.
Thirteenth. In a lock, the bolt having a shoulder, in combination with the
oscillating lever L, one end of which is adjacent to said shoulder; the knob spindle
made in two sections connected by a swivelled joint; the vibrating lever I, arranged
upon one of the said sections and adapted to free the lover L from contact with
the bolt; and the vibrating lever I¹ arranged upon the other one of the sections of
the knob; substantially as set forth.
Fourteenth. In a lock, the casing containing the series of combinations n, o, in
combination with the springs 8, and means connected with the casing for freeing
the bolts from obstruction when the combinations of pieces n, o, have been so moved
by the key as to permit the casing to be turned; substantially as set forth.
Fifteenth. In a lock, the casing m, the combinations of pieces no which vary in
length and are arranged one upon the other, the lower combination. being supported
by springs s; and means for freeing the bolt from obstruction' upon the turning of
the casing m'; substantially as, and for the purpose set forth.
Int
* Sixteenth. In a lock, the casing m, containing the combinations of pieces n, o
arranged as described, in combination with the springs 8; the lever L; and the
bolt B having a shoulder upon its front portion, the front end of the lever L being
adjacent to the shoulder on the bolt, and the casing m being provided with means
for freeing said lever from contact with the bolt, substantially as described.
Seventeenth. In a lock, the bolt having upon its front portion a shoulder, in
combination with a series of pieces arranged within the lock casing, and the key
which when inserted and rotated will free the bolt from obstruction, and withdraw
the same into the lock, or thrust it outward therefrom; substantially as, and for
the purpose, set forth.

page_text: Eighteenth. In a lock, the bolt having a shoulder upon its forward portion, in
combination with the oscillating lever L, the front end of which is adjacent to the
said shoulder, and the rear end of which is provided with a notch P; the vibrating
lever I connected with the knob spindle and provided with a projection K which
meshes with the notch P; and the notch H formed upon the bolt shank, and
receiving the end of the lever I whereby when the knob spindle is turned, the
lever L is freed from contact with the bolt, and the latter is drawn into the casing;
substantially as, and for the purposes, set forth.
Nineteenth. In a lock, the bolt B and the lever L engaging the same, in com-
bination with the vibrating piece I and knob spindle J, the outer end of the spindlè
being thicker than the inner portion thereof, thereby rendering it impossible to
force said spindle through the lock from the outer side of the door; substantially as
set forth.