IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN, BEL- MONTINE, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER LIKE, HYDROCARBON FLUIDS.
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Rowatt, the younger, of the Firm of Thomas
Rowatt and Son, of Edinburgh and London, Lamp Manufacturers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN, BEL-
MONTINE, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER LIKE, HYDROCARBON FLUIDS.".
Sealed the 12th May 1865, and dated the 17th November 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Rowatt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
November 1864..
- I, Thomas Rowatt, the younger, of the Firm of Thomas Rowatt and Son, of
Edinburgh and London, Lamp Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING PARAFFIN,
BELMONTINE, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER LIKE HYDROCARBON FLUIDS," to be
follows:-
The objection made to paraffin or hydrocarbon lamps for use in India or
other hot countries where punkahs or fans are used, is that they won't stand the
draught. The artificial draught caused by the use of the punkah or fan
extinguishes the flame. To remedy this it is requisite that the flame be

page_text: protected from draughts both coming from above and below the burner, and
to accomplish this is the object of this Invention.
I fix a metal outside funnel or windguard over the glass chimney, so that the
flame is not affected by the draught from above the burner. This metal funnel or
windguard can be affixed to the globe in any suitable manner. The mode which
I prefer is to make the globe with a tube projecting from its top, and to fasten
the funnel or windguard to this tube by means of a spring or catch, the globe
being fastened to the burner by ordinary catches and screws, such as are used
with gas globes. This outside funnel or windguard is constructed as follows:-
I make a double-cased conical tube with a space between the inner and outer
The outer case I perforate so as to allow a current of air to pass up-
wards between the space of the two cases. This double case is surmounted by
a double cone, also perforated on the under side to allow the egress of the hot
air, but whole on the upper surface to ward off the outside down draft. In
the interior of this double cone is placed a metal plate, sufficiently large to
cover the diameter of the bottom of the cone and thereby prevent the inside
down draught. Upon the top of this cone is fixed another double cone of
similar construction, and the whole is surmounted by a fluted cone, for the
purpose of preventing outside down draught and allowing at the same time
the egress of the hot air. For protecting the flame from draughts coming
from below the burner I make use of the windguard described in the Specifi-
cation of a Patent granted to myself and Alexander Lighbody, dated
February 25, 1864, No. 470. This wind guard I affix under the burner in
any suitable manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed 2
by the said Thomas Rowatt, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
May 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
ROWATT, the younger, of the Firm of Thomas Rowatt and Son, of Edinburgh
and London, Lamp Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant.unto
8

page_text: me, the said Thomas Rowatt, the younger, Her special licence that I, the
said Thomas Rowatt, the younger, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Thomas Rowatt, the younger, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING
PARAFFIN,
BELMONTINE, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER LIKE HYDROCARBON FLUIDS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Rowatt, the younger,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Rowatt, the younger, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
The objection made to paraffin or hydrocarbon lamps for use in India or
other hot countries where punkahs or fans are used, is that they won't stand
the draught. The artificial draught caused by the use of the punkah or fan
extinguishes the flame. To remedy this it is requisite that the flame be
protected from draughts both coming from above and below the burner,
and to accomplish this is the object of this Invention.
I fix a metal outside funnel or windguard over the glass chimney, so that
the flame is not affected by the draught from above the burner. This metal
funnel or windguard can be affixed to the globe in any suitable manner. The
mode which I prefer is to make the globe with a tube projecting from its top,
and to fasten the funnel or windguard to this tube by means of a spring or
catch, the globe being fastened to the burner by ordinary catches and screws,
such as are used with gas globes. This outside funnel or windguard is con-
structed as follows:-I make a double-cased conical tube with a space between
the inner and outer cases. The outer case I perforate so as to allow a current
of air to pass upwards between the space of the two cases. This double case
is surmounted by a double cone also perforated on the under side to allow the
egress of the hot air, but whole on the upper surface to ward off the outside

page_text: "
:
down draught. In the interior of this double cone is placed a metal plate for
preventing the inside down draught. Upon the top of this cone is fixed:
another double cone of similar construction, and the whole is surmounted by
a fluted cone for the purpose of preventing outside down draught and allowing
at the same time the egress of the hot air. In another modification I dispense 5
with the inner case and one of the double cones at the top, and allow the
heated air to escape at the top of the case.
:
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures'
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an
outside view of an ordinary lamp, provided with one arrangement of my out- 1
side funnels or windguards; Fig. 2, an outside view of the windguard detached ;
Fig. 3, a section of the same; and Fig. 4 a section of another arrangement of
windguard.
The globe a, Fig. 1, of the lamp, is formed at the top with a projection 6,'
on which is placed the windguard, which consists of a conical tube having 1
an inner case c, and an outer case d, both joined together at the bottom, there'
being in the inner case a spring holder e, which is fitted to the projection b,
and holds the windguard in its place. The outer case has a number of holes'
or perforations, to allow a current of air to pass upwards in the space between
the two cases. This double case is surmounted by a double cone, the under-
side g of which is perforated as at h for allowing the egress of the heated air,
but the upper side i of the cone is whole to prevent any outside down draught.
In the interior of this double cone there is a metal plate k, which covers the
top of the inner case c for preventing internal down draught, there being
openings in the plate above the perforations for the internal upward draught.
On the top of this double cone there is another double cone l, m, having
apertures on the under side, and also in the interior a metal plate t for pre-
venting internal down draught, and this latter cone is surmounted by a fluted
cone n for the egress of the hot air, and also for preventing outside down
draught.
The windguard shewn in Fig. 4 consists of only one case o, having at the
bottom a spring holder p, and at the top a double cone q and fluted coner, to
which is suspended a covers for preventing the down draught, there being
apertures at the top of the case, and between the flutes of the top cap for the
egress of the heated air. For protecting the flame from draughts coming from
'below the burner I make use of the wind guard described in the Specification of
a Patent granted to myself and Alexander Ligbbody, dated February 25th, 1864,
No. 470. This wind guard I affix under the burner in any suitable manner.

page_text: Having thus described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I claim the improved
funnel or windguard as described and shewn, and for the purposes set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Rowatt, the younger, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
THO. ROWATT, JR. (L.S.)