IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLI- CATION OF JAPANNED METALS TO VARIOUS ORNAMENTAL AND USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hughes, of Gracechurch Street, in the
City of London, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLI-
CATION OF JAPANNED METALS TO VARIOUS ORNAMENTAL AND USEFUL
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 2nd October 1874, and dated the 24th July 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th July 1874.
..
..
'
I, THOMAS HUGHES, of Gracechurch Street, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE APPLICATION OF JAPANNED METALS TO VARIOUS ORNAMENTAL AND USEFUL
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the application of japanned iron, tin, zinc,
copper, or other metals or compositions of metals in the form of sheets.
or plates of any suitable shape or size, and either plain, rolled, or
stamped to various useful and ornamental purposes,

page_text: T
As plain sheets or plates their application comprises coverings to the
inside and outside walls of houses and other buildings, public urinals,
and closets.
Also either in large sheets or plates, or in small separate sheets or
plates as a substitute for the enamelled or encaustic tiles, or mosaic
tiles now used for walls, pavements, staircases, and ceilings, the said
sheets or plates being japanned with or without borders in all colors,
gold, silver, or bronze, or with raised edges produced by stamping or
rolling.
Also as coverings to the backs, sides, and fronts of fire-grates where
enamelled tiles are now employed.
Also for coverings to counters, shelves, pillars, door posts, and other
shop fittings, in which cases the sheets or plates may be either plain or
japanned so as to represent marble, granite, or other stones or imitation
fancy woods.
Also for imitation marquetry and inlaid work of various kinds, and for
fancy coverings to vases and flower pots.
Also as linings or coverings to pipes used for conveying air, gases,
water, beer, or any other liquids with the view of preserving the purity
of such liquids whilst passing through the said pipes, and for covering the
sides and bottoms of ships or other submerged or partially submerged
substances.
In a rolled or stamped form, these sheets or plates to be used for
cornices, beadings, and mouldings, facias, fretwork, and decorative work,
hitherto made of plaster or wood.
The sheets or plates to be secured to the various surfaces above
described, by covering or coating both plates and surfaces with a com-
position composed of india-rubber or gutta percha solution, or a com-
position of shellac or resin mixed with pitch or other bituminous
substance, or by any other suitable adhesivo material, or the adhesive :
material may be combined with cloth or other fibrous substance, and
placed between the said plates and surfaces so as to cause the sheets or
plates to adhere to the said surfaces; or the sheets and plates may be
secured with nails or brads, screws or rivets, as may be found most
desirable.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 18th January 1875.
TO ALL TO¯WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
HUGHES, of Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
38th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Hughes, Her special licenso
that I, the said Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Hughes, my executors,
administrators, ´ or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE APPLICATION OF JAPANNED METALS TO VARIOUS ORNAMENTAL AND USEFUL
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst otliers) that I, the said Thomas
Hughes, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the dato
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Hughes, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :—
My said Invention relates to the application of japanned iron, tin,
zinc, copper, or other metals or compositions of metals in the form of
sheets or plates of any suitable shape or size, and either plain, rolled,
or stamped to various ornamental and useful purposes.
My Invention comprises the application of the before-mentioned
materials in the form of sheets or plates of a plain shape as coverings

page_text: for the inside and outside walls of houses and other buildings, public
urinals, and closets.
Also either in large sheets or plates, or in small separate sheets or
plates as a substitute for the enamelled or encaustic tiles or mosaic tiles
now used for walls, pavements, staircases, and ceilings, the said sheets 5
or plates being japanned with or without borders in all colors, say for
example, gold, silver, or bronzo, and with or without raised edges pro-
duced by stamping or rolling.
Also as coverings for the backs, sides, and fronts of firo grates where
onamelled tiles are now employed.
Also as coverings for counters, shelves, pillars, door posts, and other
shop fittings, in which cases the sheets or plates may be either japanned,
plain, or so as to represent marble, granite, or other stones, or in
imitation of fancy woods.
Also for imitation marquetry and inlaid work of various kinds, and 1
for fancy coverings for vases and flower pots.
Also as linings or coverings for pipes used for conveying air, gasos,
water, beer, or other liquids with the view of preserving the purity of
such liquids, whilst passing through the said pipes, and as a covering for
the sides and bottoms of ships or other submerged or partially sub-
merged bodies.
I also apply these sheets or plates in a rolled or stamped form as
cornices, beadings, mouldings, facias, fretwork, and for decorative work
gencrally hitherto mado of plaster or wood.
It is obvious that the modes heroin-before described of applying the 2
sheets or plates have been merely given as illustrations of the manner in
which my Invention is carried out, as the japanning may be varied and
additional ornamentation may be adopted in either of the cases herein-
before mentioned, according to circumstances.
The sheets or plates may also be applied to other like purposes in
addition to those before enumerated, as examples of tho application of
my Invention.
The before-mentioned slicets or plates I secure to the various surfaces
above described by covering or coating both plates and surfaces with a
composition composed of india-rubber or gutta percha solution, or a com-

page_text: position of shellac or resin mixed with pitch or other bituminous substance,
or by any other suitable adhesive material; or the adhesive material may
be combined with cloth or other fibrous substance, and placed between
the said plates and surfaces so as to cause the sheets or plates to adhere
to the said surfaces; or the sheets or plates may be secured by nails,
screws, rivets, or other similar means, as found desirable.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to
be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the application
of japanned metals or compositions of metals, substantially in the
manner and for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof I, the said Thomas Hughes, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of January,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.