Improvements in or relating to Marine or Stationary Boilers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 12th Sept., 1892-Accepted. 15th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Marine or Stationary Boilers.
1, WILLIAM HARMAN, of 15, Hume Street, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of
Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
My invention relates to improvements in steam boilers whether marine or
stationary, in which the lower part of the boiler is occupied by a volume of water
which has hitherto been only imperfectly heated or circulated on account of being
below the heating surface of the furnace flues.
The object of my invention is to effect improvements by which I provide heating
surface to the water in these parts of the boiler and thereby effect economy in the
use of fuel.
In carrying my invention into effect, I provide one or more vessels preferably
constructed in the form of a copper tube f moderate diameter so as to be a good
conductor of heat; these vessels are placed longitudinally in the lower parts of the
boiler and below the flues thereof or at any part where badly circulated and
imperfectly heated water is in bulk; from these vessels are arranged any convenient
number of vertical tubes which extend from the vessels to the steam chamber of the
boiler so that their upper ends are above the water level. Steam generated in the
boiler passes down these vertical tubes to the longitudinal chambers which become
charged with steam at a high temperature; the heat of this steam is absorbed into
the water at the lower parts of the boiler and so raises its temperature. When
there is no supply of steam in the boiler, such as would be the case when lighting
up, I prefer to employ steam from a donkey boiler or any other convenient source
that may be available, by which the temperature of the water in the boiler is raised
independently of the heat of the fires. The steam which becomes condensed and
accumulates in the vessels in the form of water is blown out through a drain pipe
to the hotwell or small tank provided for the purpose to be again used if required
for feeding the boiler.
The above described auxiliary heaters can be easily removed when the boiler
requires cleaning or for inspection.
11
ليمي
1
11001
G. J. CLARKSON,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Marine or Stationary Boilers.
I, WILLIAM HARMAN, of 15, Hume Street, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of
Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in steam boilers whether marine or
stationary, in which certain parts of the boiler, especially below the flues, are
occupied by water in bulk, the proper heating and circulation of which has not
been accomplished to satisfaction by any contrivances hitherto known which are
simple enough for general use.
The object of my invention is to effect improvements by which I provide auxiliary
heating surfaces to the water in these parts and thereby prevent the said water
from staguating at a temperature below the general temperature of the water

page_text: In carrying my invention into effect I provide one or more vessels preferably
constructed in the form of tubes of moderate thickness and diameter so as to be
good conductors of heat, but although I have on this ground suggested the use of
copper tubes in my Provisional Specification on account of the heat conducting
properties of that metal, it is found in practice that the use of copper as a heating
surface in boilers sets up an acidity in the water which attacks the surface of the
boiler plates, I therefore prefer tubes of iron or steel. These tubes or vessels are
placed longitudinally in the lower parts of the boiler and below the flues or usual
heating surfaces thereof or at any part where badly circulated and imperfectly
heated water is in bulk. From these vessels are arranged any convenient number
of vertical tubes which extend from the vessels to the steam space of the boiler so
that their upper ends are above the water level. Steam generated in the boiler
passes down these vertical tubes to the said longitudinal vessels which are thus
charged with steam, the heat of which is absorbed into the water in which they
are enveloped, which is thus raised to the general temperature of the water above
the flues or other usual heating surfaces.
Having described the nature of my invention and its utility, I will now proceed
to further explain the same by reference to the drawing hereto annexed and the
manner in which my improvements are to be carried out in practice.
Referring to the Figures 1 and 2, which are corresponding sectional views
of a marine boiler, the boiler shown is a representative of any boiler to which
my invention is applicable, each boiler being of course adapted in form,
dimensions, and arrangement to suit the conditions under which it is to be
used. a a are steam chambers placed below the flues; 61 62 are vertical tubes
communicating with them from the steam space, and in the case of marine
boilers in which the water is disturbed by the rolling and pitching of the
ship, these tubes are preferably carried as far above the normal water level as
possible. c is an outlet or drain pipe leading to the hotwell or small tank, and d is
a supply pipe to admit steam from some other boiler when there is no supply of
steam in the boiler itself.
The action of the above described auxiliary heaters consists as follows:-
Supposing the boiler is charged with water ready to get up steam, a supply of
steam is obtained from some other boiler, such as a donkey boiler and is admitted
through the pipe d into the pipes 6' 6, and finally into the chambers a' a', which in
consequence become heating surfaces to the water below the flues, which is thus
raised in temperature simultaneously with the water in the other parts of the boiler
with the result that steam can be raised without injury to the boiler much more
rapidly than can safely be done where no provision is made for heating and
circulating the water below the boiler flues. When the boiler is charged with its
own steam the admission pipe d may be shut off and the steam will enter the open
ends of the pipes 61 6 and so find its way to the steam chambers a¹ a²; but it must
be understood that both arrangements cannot be conveniently used together, that
is to say that when steam is supplied through the pipe d, pipes b¹ and 6' must be
closed at the top. This may be effected in any convenient way, as for instance by
providing inverted valves above the points of connection with pipe d, of which the
enlarged detail in Figure 3 may be taken as an illustration. It is of course obvious
that such valves are only necessary when the supply of steam to the auxiliary
heaters a¹ a is obtained at one time from within the boiler, and at another time
from an outside supply. It may also be observed that when the steam is admitted
to the chambers a' a' from the outside, these chambers and their connections
must be strong enough to stand the full pressure of such steam owing to the
absence of any supporting pressure on their outsides. Where they are only to
take the steam from the boiler itself, the inside and outside pressures being equal,
no provision for steam pressure is required. By opening a cock, the condensed
steam which would otherwise accumulate in the steam chambers a' a', can be blown
out through the drain pipe c into the hotwell or small tank at any time.
The invention is not limited to the precise arrangement or system of pipes and

page_text: steam chambers as hereinbefore described with reference to a marine boiler, and
can be obviously modified both as to the form of the pipes and chambers, the
number used or their positions in the boiler, but a convenient arrangement is shown
in the drawing from which the essential features and utility of my invention will
be readily understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
The combination with steam boilers of steam chambers and their requisite
connections, arranged, constructed, and used as auxiliary heating surfaces, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose as hereinbefore described and illustrated by way
of example in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this ath 1
1000
G. J. CLARKSON,
Stockton-on-Tees, Agent for the Applicant.