IMPROVE- MENTS IN STOVES AND BOILERS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to. Richard Head, of 6, Gray Street, Manchester
Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STOVES AND BOILERS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS AND OTHER
PURPOSES."
Scaled the 13th April 1869, and dated the 16th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Head at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th October 1868.
I, RICHARD HEAD, of 6, Gray Street, Manchester Square, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND BOILERS FOR HEATING WATER FOR
BATHS AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in stoves and boilers
for heating water for baths and other purposes. I so construct the stove
with its boiler that it will fit into a recess such as is provided for an
ordinary open fire-place. To stand on the hearth or bottom of the recess
I provide a cast-iron stool or support, on which the bottom bars of the
grate and also the front fire-bars like those of an ordinary open fire-place

page_text: are carried. This stool or support fits the recess, and is flat on the top,
with the exception of two broad uprights on its front corners which
sustain the front of the boiler, and the front bars of the stove are between
these uprights. The boiler is so formed as to fill up the whole of the
recess which is above the stool or support except a space of a few inches
along the top, and the boiler is deeper at the back than in front, so that
all along the back it stands upon the flat top of the stool or support,
leaving towards the front a space for the fire extending from side to side
of the recess. For the width of the front bars the bottom of the boiler
is arched so as to leave a sufficient fire space. There are three upright
flues passing through the boiler, one over the central open fire, and the
others one on either side behind the standards supporting the front of the
boiler. Each of these flues is tapered, being large in area at the lower
.end or entrance and much contracted at the top. A stove front closes
the recess in front of the stool and boiler except an arched opening to
expose the fire.
At the top of the front is a moveable panel serving as
a soot door opening into the space above the boiler, and here also are
dampers by which the flues may be closed. Care is taken in erecting
the apparatus that no air shall enter the narrow spaces at the back and
sides of the boiler except by first passing through the fire, so that the
boiler may be enveloped in heated air. The boiler is provided with covers
at the top, and the whole top plate may be removed to facilitate the
cleaning of the boiler. The water supply is at or near the bottom on
one side, and the draw off is on the other side, but at such a height that
the arched bottom of the boiler cannot be left dry. Each of the flues is,
as before mentioned, provided with a damper by which it can be closed at
pleasure, and when it is desired rapidly to heat the water for the bath the
draft is directed by means of these dampers mainly through the side
flues and then over the whole width of the recess. A brisk fire can be
maintained, but when this is not required the side flues are closed and
then the fire will be confined mainly or entirely to the centre part of the
grate opposite the open fire-bars, and immediately beneath the central
flue of the boiler. The front plate of the stove is furnished with a
sliding damper which aids in the regulation of the fire. In place of
employing the stool or stand the boiler may be set in brickwork, but less
conveniently. Where boilers for heating water for baths and for other
purposes are combined with kitchen ranges they are usually connected
with an elevated hot-water cistern by ascending and descending pipes.
Such boilers are usually heated by the fire lying against the boiler on one

page_text: side,, and by a flue from the fire passing, underneath and behind the
boiler. I, however, according to my Invention, greatly increase the
heating power of the boilers of such apparatus (which at present is
insufficient) by passing a flue or flues, by preference tapering like those
herein-before described, up through the boiler.. When the boiler is thus
constructed it is also more readily set than is the case with boilers.
requiring the formation of brickwork flues at the back..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of thic conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Head in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th April 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
HEAD, of 6, Gray Street, Manchester Square, in the County of
Middlesex; send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent,. bearing date the Sixteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of. Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Richard Head, Her special
licence that I, the said Richard Head, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I,, the said Richard Head, my executors,
administrators, and assigns,, should. at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and. lawfully might make, use, exercise, and. vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,. the Channel
Islands,. and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
AND BOILERS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the
condition (amongst others). that I, the said Richard Head, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or. their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed,, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said. Richard Head, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My stoves and boilers I construct and arrange in such manner as to
enable them to be fitted into a recess of the same or similar form and
character to that now usually provided for ordinary open fire-grates.
First. I have a stool or support (which is to be placed and stands upon
the hearth or bottom of the recess) and on this stool the bottom bars of
the grate, and also the front bars like those of an ordinary open fire-
place, are carried. This stool or support fits the recess and is flat on
the top, with the exception of two broad uprights on its front corners
which sustain the front of the boiler, and the front bars of the stove
are between these uprights.
Second. I form my boiler so as to fill up the whole of the recess
which is above the stool or support, except a space of a few inches
along the top, and the boiler being made deeper at the back than in
front so that all along the back it stands upon the flat top of the stool
or support, leaving towards the front a space for the fire extending
from side to side of the recess. For the extent of the width of the
front bars the bottom of the boiler is arched so as to leave a sufficient
fire space and one or more upright flues are made to pass through the
boiler, but I prefer to place three, namely, one over the central open
fire, and the others one on either side behind the standards supporting
the front of the boiler. Each of these flues is tapered, being large in
area at the lower end or entrance and much contracted at the top. A
stove front fitted before the stool and boiler closes the recess with the
exception of an arched opening to expose the fire. At the top of the
front is a moveable panel serving as a soot door opening into the space
above the boiler, and here also are dampers by which the flues may be
closed.
In crecting the apparatus I take care that no entrance for air shall
be left to the narrow spaces at the back and sides of the boiler except
the air first pass through the fire, so that the boiler may be enveloped
in heated air. The boiler is provided with covers at the top, and the
whole top plate may be removed to facilitate cleaning. The water
supply is at or near the bottom on one side, and the draw-off is on the
other side, but at such a height that the arched bottom of the boiler
cannot be left dry.
Having thus far specified my Invention, I will now for the more

page_text: one accompanying Prawns, as
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1, perspective view of boiler with the front removed shewing the
position of the flues and other parts; Fig. 2, front clevation with stove
front affixed; Fig. 3, perspective view of boiler, with the front removed
shewing the flues and other parts and without the openings (d) shewn in
Fig. 1, but having instead an opening at the back; Fig. 4, longitudinal
section; Fig. 5, transverse section through centre fluc; Fig. 6, transverse
section through side flue. The following letters refer to similar parts
in all the Figures.
a, a, centre flue; b, b, side flues; c, c, loose covers over manholes; d,
opening for heating air chamber at back and ends of boiler; e, portion of
front to remove for cleaning; fff, knobs to damper; g, sliding blower,
the dotted lines indicate the position when drawn down. When it
is desired rapidly to heat the water for the bath by means of the
dampers, (each of the flues being provided with one as before mentioned,)
the draught is directed mainly through the side flues and then over the
whole width of the recess. A brisk fire can be maintained, but when this
is not required the side flues are closed, and then the fire will be confined
mainly or entirely to the centre part of the grate opposite the open fire
bars and immediately beneath the central flue of the boiler. The front
plate of the stove being furnished with a sliding damper aids in the re-
gulation of the fire. In place of employing the stool or stand my boiler
may though less conveniently be set in brickwork or otherwise suitably
encased, or my boilers might even be affixed to any open fire-grate of
available construction. Where boilers for heating water for baths and
for other purposes are combined with kitchen ranges, they are usually
connected with an elevated hot-water cistern by ascending and descending
pipes, such boilers being commonly heated by the fire lying against the
boiler on one side, and by a flue from the fire passing underneath and
behind the boiler. I, however, according to my Invention greatly increase
the heating power of the boilers of such apparatus which at present is
insufficient by passing a flue or flues, by preference tapering like those
hercin-before described, up through the boiler. When the boiler is thus
constructed it is also more readily set than is the case with boilers re-
quiring the formation of brickwork flucs at the back.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,. I
hereby declare that I claim, the "Improvements in Stoves and Boilers for
Heating Water for Baths and other Purposes," wherein the provision of
a boiler with the heat flues arranged as herein-before set forth fitted or
placed upon a stool or a support so as to receive heat from the fire as
above described are novel and peculiar features, it being understood that
I do not limit myself to nor do I claim the mere constituent details.
shewn by the Drawings and herein referred to..
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Head, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of April, in the year of.
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine..
Witness,
THOMAS MORGAN,
Clerk to the
Inventors' Patent Right Association, Limited,
21, Cockspur Street,
Charing Cross.
RICH. HEAD. (L.S.).