IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS TO BE USED IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND MANU- PACTURING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Tomlinson Bousfield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th September 1863.-A communication from abroad by Amos Taylor,
residing in the United States of America.
I, GEORGE TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of Loughborough Park, Brixton, in
the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS TO BE USED IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND MANU-
PACTURING WOOL, COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in rollers to be used in
machinery for spinning and manufacturing wool, cotton, and other fibrous
materials, and consists in constructing them in such manner that while the
inner or under body of the roll nearest the shaft or spindle is left in an elastic
state the outer circumference or face will be rigid, smooth, and impervious to
oil and other corroding substances. For this purpose there are placed upon
the shaft or spindle, on which the roll is to be formed, two discs at a distance
apart corresponding to the width of the intended roll. Between the flanges
and around the shaft or spindle the roll is formed by filling the space between
the flanges with a preparation of gutta percha, india-rubber, or other similar
materials capable of being vulcanized, as herein-after mentioned, said pre-
paration or materials are to be put on evenly around said shaft or spindle
unvulcanized, and in a semifluid or pliable state until they extend slightly
beyond the circumference of the flanges, and the roll is then vulcanized. The
composition of gutta percha, india-rubber; or other elastic materials capable of
being vulcanized, compounded with sulphur and other materials, in a manner

page_text: well known to persons skilled in the treatment of elastic gums, is either spread
in a semifluid state on cloth, or made into thin sheets, and the cloth or sheets
so prepared is cut into strips of the width equal to the length of the roll to be
formed and wound around the shaft or spindle until the formation of the roll
is completed. When strips of cloth are used, the last or outer layer forming
the outer surface of the roll should be of the prepared sheet without cloth.
The under layers or composition forming the under body of the roll should be
so prepared that the proportion of sulphur to the other materials should be
less than in the composition for the outer layer, so that when the same degree
of heat is applied to both in the vulcanizing process there will remain an
elasticity in the under or inner part of the roll, while the outer surface will
be as rigid as may be required, the electricity being diminished under the
action of the beat applied in proportion as the proportion of sulphur is increased
in the composition.
I do not wish to be understood as confining myself to spreading the com-
position on cloth, or to thin sheets of such composition or preparation as the
compound may be put on in thick sheets; and, the roll may be formed of one
piece; nor do I confine myself to forming the roll between the flanges, as, they
may be entirely dispensed with, and the composition spread on cloth or in
sheets, or in one piece may be placed around the shaft or spindle at the point
required and be then vulcanized. After the roll is thus formed between the
flanges on the shaft, or spindle without the flanges, the whole composition is
vulcanized by applying the proper degree of heat to it in the manner well
known in the business of vulcanizing like compounds until the outer surface
of the roll attains the rigid state required. In the preparation or compounds
I use I find 270° Fahrenheit about the proper degree of heat to be applied,
but this it will be seen must be varied according to the proportion of sulphur
in the compounds. If when vulcanized, as aforesaid, the surface of the roll
should not be sufficiently smooth for the purpose to which it is to be applied,
it may be made so by turning, grinding, or buffing in a lathe or otherwise.