Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 6th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 31st Dec.,
1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes
and other Vehicles.
I, JAMES WILLIAM SMALLMAN, of 61, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
-
This invention consists of improvements in and relating to pneumatic tyres for
velocipedes and other vehicles.
A tyre made in accordance with my invention comprises an air-tube of
caoutchouc and textile material and a cover also of caoutchouc and textile
material; the cover being thicker in the centre than at the sides. Each edge of
the cover is provided with a series of cloth or canvas loops arranged at intervals
apart.
The cover is secured to the rim, which may be of the ordinary kind, by a single
wire lying within the hollow of the rim ; the wire passing through the loops on
the edges of the cover. The wire is put through the loops pertaining to one edge
alternately with the loops pertaining to the other edge. One end of the wire may
be enlarged so as to engage with a slot in the tightening device, whereby it can be
readily disconnected after the wire has been slackened for the purpose of removing
the tyre from the rim. The tightening device comprises a screw and a yoke-nut.
Instead of an air-tube of caoutchouc and textile material vulcanized together, an
air-tube of caoutchouc enclosed in a separate tube of textile material may be
employed.
The loops may be formed by making a hollow beading lined with textile material
along each edge of the cover, and then, after the cover has been vulcanized, cutting
away at intervals parts of each beading. Or, the parts may be cut away before
the cover is vulcanized.
Hooks may be substituted for the loops.
laced together; the wire engaging with the
intervals apart may be used, if preferred.
Dated the 5th day of January 1892.
Or, the edges of the cover may be
lace or laces. Several laces at
JAMES W. SMALLMAN.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres for Velocipedes
and other Vehicles.
I, JAMES WILLIAM SMALLMAN, of 61, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists of improvements in and relating to pneumatic tyres for
velocipedes and other vehicles.
The way in which I prefer to carry out my invention is illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, whereof
Fig. 1 is a transverse section through the tyre and rim.
Fig. 2 is a similar view shewing the valve-tube, the yoke for the ends of the
securing wire, and the nozzle.
In Fig. 3, the air-tube is deflated and the cover has been pressed toward one
side to expose the tightening device.

page_text: air-tube partly withdrawn from the cover.
cue yoke and nozzle, and the
Fig.
represents the position into which the valve-tube is afterwards brought
preparatively to the air-tube being wholly withdrawn.
Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the cover slightly opened out to shew the loops
through which the securing wire passes.
Fig. 7. is a horizontal section on the line 7, 7 in Fig. 2; the air-tube being
omitted.
Fig. 8 is a horizontal section of the cover; the edges thereof having been
separated in order to allow the loops to be more clearly seen.
Fig. 9 illustrates a modified form of tyre.
Figs. 10 to 14, which shew the tightening device, are drawn to a larger scale';
Fig. 10 being a view partly in vertical section and partly in side elevation.
Fig. 11 represents a modification of the yoke-nut; Fig. 12 being a corresponding
plan.
Fig. 13 indicates the way in which one end of the securing wire can be readily
disconnected.
Fig. 14 is a section on the line 14, 14 in Fig. 12..
A tyre made in accordance with my invention comprises an air-tube A of
caoutchouc and textile material and a cover C also of caoutchouc and textile
material the cover being thicker in the centre than at the sides. The textile
material in the air-tube is preferably confined to that part of the tube which lies
next the rim. Each edge of the cover is provided with a series of cloth or canvas
loops c or e¹ arranged at intervals apart. A¹ is the valve-tube.
The cover C is secured to the rim, which is of the ordinary kind, by a single
wire D lying within the hollow of the rim; the wire passing through the loops c
and on the edges of the cover. The wire is put through the loops c alternately
with the loops c, as clearly shewn in Fig. 7. One end of the wire D may be
enlarged (as in Fig. 10) or furnished with an enlargement (as in Figs. 11 to 13) so
as to engage with a slot in the tightening device, whereby it can be readily dis-
connected after the wire has been slackened for the purpose of removing the tyre
from the rim. The tightening device comprises a screw and a yoke-nut. In
Fig. 10, the screw is formed on a nipple F, which is rivetted to, but rotates on, one
end of the securing wire; the other end of the securing wire engaging with a
slote in the yoke-nut E. In Figs. 11 and 12, the yoke-nut E' E' is
made in two parts the nut E¹ being rivetted to, but rotating in, the
yoke E. In this case, the screw is formed on the end of the securing
wire. The yoke-nut and the nozzle may be in one piece. The rim H is
strengthened near the nozzle, as shewn in Figs. 2
to 5. When the tyre is
deflated, the openings G and G¹ in the edges of the cover can, owing to the wiring
on of the cover along the centre of the rim, be readily brought together by pressing
either side of the cover over to the opposite side of the rim, as indicated in
Figs. 3 to 5 a large circular space above the nozzle being thereupon left free.
The nipple For the nut E' can then be turned by a small spanner. Or, the nipple
or nut may have radial holes and be turned by a key. It will be seen that, when
the cover is thus pressed over, the air-tube can, without detaching the cover
interfering with the securing wire, be easily inserted or withdrawn.
or
Instead of an air-tube of caoutchouc and textile material vulcanized or cemented
together, an air-tube of caoutchouc enclosed in a separate tube of textile material
may be employed. This tube may be an endless puncture-closing tube. The air-
tube may, however, be of any other suitable kind.
The loops c and e¹ may be formed by making a hollow beading lined with textile
material along each edge of the cover C, and then, after the cover has been
vulcanized, cutting away at intervals parts of each beading. Or, the parts may be
cut away before the cover is vulcanized.
In the modification shewn in Fig. 9, the cover, instead of having looped edges,
consists of a closed tube of caoutchouc and textile material. This cover is provided

page_text: with an opening corresponding with the semicircular openings G and G₁; the
nipple or nut being turned and the air-tube inserted or withdrawn when one side of
the cover is pressed over far enough to expose sufficient space above the nozzle.
Hooks may be substituted for the loops. Or, the edges of the cover may be
laced together; the wire engaging with the lace or laces. Several laces at
intervals apart may be used, if preferred.
A cover fastened to the rim by means of a wire running along the centre of the
rim and having its ends yoked together possesses great advantages over the
wired-on pneumatic tyres hitherto employed. In the latter, the air-tube is
inaccessible without displacing one of the wires or wired edges or tearing open a
solutioned join. Moreover, in my improved tyre, there are no hooks or laces out-
side the rim, in which position, besides being unsightly, they render the wheel more
difficult to clean. In those pneumatic tyres in which the covers are secured by a
metal band, the cover can not be pressed over to one side like it can in the present
construction, neither is it held so securely, nor can it be so readily attached.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. The improved pneumatic tyre constructed substantially as herein described.
2. In a pneumatic tyre, securing the cover by means of a wire passing through
loops on the edges of the cover and lying in the centre of the rim, substantially as
herein described.
3. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with the air-tube, the valve-tube, and
the cover, of the securing wire and the yoke-nut, substantially as herein set forth.
4. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with the air-tube A, the valve-tube A'
lying between the ends of the securing wire, and the cover C furnished with loops c.
and c', of the securing wire running along the centre of the rim and means for
tightening the same, substantially as herein set forth.
5. In a pneumatic tyre, the combination, with the air-tube A, the valve-tube A¹,
and the cover, of the rim H, the nozzle h, the securing wire D, and the yoke-nut,
substantially as herein set forth.
1000
JAMES W. SMALLMAN.