IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING TIN OR OTHER COATING METAL TO METAL SHEETS AND OTHER SURFACES OF METAL
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Morewood, late of Rock Cottage,
Briton Ferry, in the County of Glamorgan, now of Llanelly,
Carmarthenshire, and John Henry Rogers, of Llangennech Park,
near Llanelly, in the County of Carmarthen, Tin Plate Manu-
facturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING TIN OR
M
Sealed the 23rd December 1873, and dated the 24th September 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Morewood
and John Henry Rogers at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th September 1873.
We, EDMUND MOREWOOD, late of Rock Cottage, Briton Ferry, in the
County of Glamorgan, now of Llanelly, Carmarthenshire, and JOHN
HENRY ROGERS, of Llangennech Park, near Llanelly, in the County of
Carmarthen, Tin Plate Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING TIN OR OTHER
COATING METAL TO METAL SHEETS AND OTHER SURFACES OF METAL," to be as
follows:-

page_text: In a Patent dated 29th March 1869, No. 942, I, Edmund Morewood,
have described a mode of bringing out plates from a bath of of melted
coating metal between rollers whose nip or centre is raised above the
level of the melted coating metal, and the grease or flux is excluded or
shut off from between the withdrawing rollers by the means therein
described, so that between the surface of the metal and the nip of the
rollers there is a heated chamber in which the plates drain.
Now the object of this Invention is to cause the plates which are in
process of coating with tin, lead, zinc, or suitable alloys, as they are
raised out of the bath of melted coating metal to travel between coated
rollers dipping into or revolving in contact with coating metal contained
in a trough or troughs so shaped, and so placed that the coating metal
not only feeds the rollers with coating metal suitable to be deposited on
the surface of the plates in process of coating, but also (conjointly with
the rollers revolving in contact with or dipping into it, and with the
vessel in which it is contained) acts as a barrier of such depth and shape
as may be most advantageous in confining and staying the grease or
other flux on the back or outer side of the rollers, thus forming the
walls or sides of a chamber or draining space beneath the rollers which
is kept free from melted metal or from grease or other flux. These
rollers whose lower edge thus dips into the coating metal or which
revolve in contact with it may either act directly upon the plate passing
between them or they may revolve against other rollers whose surface
they keep in proper working order, and then the latter act upon the
coating of the plate as it passes up between them by improving it and
finishing it. Sometimes we place beneath these rollers and troughs
other similar rollers and troughs which we supply either with flux or
with melted metal.
Whilst the plate is rising through the chamber or space which we
keep free from melted metal or flux, the melted coating metal on
the surface of the plate is running downwards and arranging itself until
such plate reaches the upper coated rollers which press or squeeze off
some of the coating metal, or the flux already on the surface of the plate
before it has passed through them and deposit some of the coating
metal (which the rollers gather from their respective troughs or vessels)
on the surface of the plate whilst it is passing between and just leaving
the nip of the rollers.
The object of passing the plates in process of coating through the

page_text: :
upper or finishing pair of rollers being to improve or reduce the surface
of coating..
The troughs are so shaped that the coating metal or flux therein
can be readily freed from impurities from time to time.
By the use of feeding troughs as above described we are enabled to
have the rollers of any convenient diameter and by proper arrangement
of flues to keep them at the most suitable temperature and supplied
with clean coating metal of first quality, which is kept in proper
working order by the grease stayed and confined as most desirable on
the back or outer side of the rollers.
Instead of having coating metal in the troughs of the finishing rollers
we sometimes substitute grease or flux of the quality, and in the
condition most suitable for finishing, the coated plates passing up
between the coated rollers which in that case carry round on their
surface the flux supplied from such troughs and impart with its
assistance color and surface to the coating, and reduce the weight of the
coating in the plates as they pass up between the rollers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edmund Morewood and John Henry Rogers in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th March 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDMUND
MOREWOOD; late of Rock Cottage, Briton Ferry, in the County of
Glamorgan, now of Llanelly, Carmarthenshire, and JOHN HENRY.
ROGERS, of Llangennech Park, near Llanelly, in the County of
Carmarthen, Tin Plate Manufacturers, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Edmund Morewood and. John Henry Rogers,
Her special license that we, the said Edmund Morewood and John
Henry Rogers, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as the said Edmund Morewood and John Henry Rogers, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
:

page_text: and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands; and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPLYING TIN OR OTHER COATING METAL TO METAL SHEETS AND OTHER
SURFACES OF METAL," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Edmund Morewood and John Henry Rogers, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them respectively,
should describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edmund Morewood, on behalf of
myself and the said John Henry Rogers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in applying tin or
other coating metal to metal sheets and other surfaces of metal.
In the Specification of a Patent dated 29th March 1869, No. 942, I,
Edmund Morewood, have described a mode of bringing out plates from
a bath of melted coating metal between rollers whose nip or centre is
raised above the level of the melted coating metal, and the grease or
flux is excluded or shut off from between the withdrawing rollers by
the means therein described, so that between the surface of the metal
and the nip of the rollers there is a very small heated chamber in which
the plates drain.
Now the object of this Invention is to improve this method of finishing
plates between rollers. We cause the plates which are in process of
coating with tin, lead, zinc, or suitable alloys to travel between coated
rollers dipping into or revolving in contact with coating metal contained
in a trough or troughs. The coating metal not only feeds the rollers
with coating metal suitable to be deposited on the surface of the plates
in process of coating, but also (conjointly with the rollers revolving in
contact with or dipping into it and with the vessel in which it is con-
tained) acts as a barrier in confining and staying the grease or other

page_text: flux on the back or outer side of the rollers. The troughs form the
walls or sides of a large chamber, serving as a very efficient draining
space beneath the rollers, which chamber or space is kept free from
melted metal or from grease or other flux.
Figure 1 shews the arrangement of the apparatus. a, a, are a pair of
coated rollers suitably driven and revolving in contact with each other.
They dip into melted coating metal contained in two troughs b, b, and
this metal should be of the best quality to give a fine surface to the
plates. Behind the rolls we place flux to keep the surfaces of the rolls
in good order, and the flux is confined to the backs of the rolls by the
liquid metal into which the rollers dip and by partition pieces which fit
against the sides of the troughs and against the rollers. The partition
pieces enter into grooves formed near the ends of the rollers. This flux
behind the rollers is of different quality from that used in the coating
process. It should be of a very fluid nature so as not to adhere to the
plates in order that the plates may require little or no subsequent
cleaning. This is a matter of great importance, and a great advantage
results from the adoption of this method of finishing. For finishing tin
and terne plates the flux we use is clean fresh palm oil or tallow, and
when it becomes stale it is transferred to the coating or other pots. The
metal in the troughs b, b, is kept melted by causing them to dip into
heated flux or metal contained in an outer pot c, which may be the pot
in which the plates are coated, or they may have been coated in a
separate pot. By any ordinary lifting instruments the plates are raised
up out of the flux or metal contained in the pot c, and are presented to
the rollers a. As the plate rises through the hot chamber d beneath the
rollers the superfluous metal drains off it, and in passing between the
rollers a, a, the coating is equalized and finished. These rollers a, a,
whose lower edges thus dip into the coating metal or which revolve in
contact with it may either act directly upon the plate passing between
them, or they may revolve against other rollers whose surfaces they keep
in proper working order, and then the latter act upon the coating of the
plate as it passes up between them by improving it and finishing it.
This arrangement is shewn at Figure 2, where a¹, a²; are rollers driven
at the same surface speed as the rollers ȧ, a, and revolving in contact
with them. In this way the surfaces of the withdrawing rollers a¹ may
be kept in proper order without bringing them into direct contact with
the body of the melted coating metal and melted flux.

page_text: We make the troughs b, b, of such a length as to include within
them the spur wheels by which the rollers are driven.
We separate the rollers and draw off the grease when we leave off
working at night, as otherwise the grease is apt to become more or less.
burnt and thick and the metal setting between the rollers does not
readily melt again.
Sometimes we place beneath these rollers and troughs other similar
rollers and troughs, which we supply either with flux or with melted
metal. In this case the upper troughs b, b, may be heated by flues.
Whilst the plate is rising through the chamber or space which we
keep free from melted metal or flux the melted coating metal on the
surface of the plate is running downwards and arranging itself until
such plate reaches the upper coated rollers which press or squeeze off
some of the coating metal or the flux already on the surface of the plato
before it has passed through them and deposit some of the coating metal i
(which the rollers gather from their respective troughs or vessels) on
the surface of the plate whilst it is passing between and just leaving the
nip of the rollers.
The object of passing the plates in process of coating through the
upper or finishing pair of rollers is cither to improve or to reduce the 2
surface coating.
The troughs are so shaped that the coating metal or flux therein can
be readily freed from impurities from time to time; this is done by
means of a small spade-like skimmer.
By the use of feeding troughs, as above described, we are enabled to 2
have the rollers of any convenient diameter, and by proper arrangement
of flues to keep them at the most suitable temperature and supplied
with clean coating metal of first quality, which is kept in proper
working order by the grease, stayed and confined as most desirable on
the back or outer side of the rollers.
3
.. Instead of having coating metal in the troughs of the finishing rollers
we sometimes substitute grease or flux of the quality and in the con-
dition most suitable for finishing the coated plates passing up between
the coated rollers, which in that case carry round on their surface the
flux supplied from such troughs and impart with its assistance the 3
required color and surface to the coating and reduce the weight of

page_text: the coating on the plates as they pass up between the rollers. Terne
plates may thus be very advantageously finished with fresh grease flux,
and we use a larger proportion of tin in the terne mixture for finishing
than for the earlier stages.
In the same way as when metal plates are coated bands of metla,
such as hoop iron, may be operated upon. When coating wire grooved
rolls should be used.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, we would have it understood that we
claim in the process of applying tin or other coating metal to metal
sheets or surfaces, causing such sheets or surfaces to pass out of a hot
draining chamber through rollers and between troughs which supply
melted coating metal or flux to the rollers, substantially as described.
We also claim in the process of applying tin or other, coating metal
to metal sheets or surfaces causing such sheets or surfaces to pass up
out of a bath of flux or melted coating metal into a hot draining
chamber, from which the plates or surfaces are withdrawn by rollers
separately supplied with coating metal, substantially as described.
We also claim in the process of applying tin or other coating metal to
metal sheets or surfaces causing such sheets or surfaces to pass up out
of a bath of flux into a hot draining chamber, from which the plates or
surfaces are withdrawn by coated rollers separately supplied with flux,
substantially as described.
We also claim in the process of applying tin or other coating metal to
metal sheets or surfaces the use of rollers arranged substantially as
described in respect to Figure 2 of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Morewood, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
EDMUND MOREWOOD. (LS)
EDMUND MOREWOOD (LS)