Improvements in Gas, Oil, and similar Motor Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 17th Aug., 1893-Accepted, 30th Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas, Oil, and similar Motor Engines.
We, HENRY HERBERT ANDREW, Director of J. E. H. Andrew and Company
Limited, of Reddish, near Stockport, in the County of Chester, Engineers, and
ALFRED ROWE BELLAMY of the same place, Manager, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to sundry improvements in gas oil and similar motor
engines and the first part of our improvements refers to lubricating parts of engines
with inverted cylinders, the second part to means for preventing injury to the water
jackets of the cylinders through frost, and the third part to means for actuating
without toothed gearing on the crankshaft the valve spindles in engines having an
explosion at every alternate revolution.
First. In order to lubricate the piston and cylinder of engines with an inverted
cylinder we drill a number of holes round the piston a few inches or so from the
bottom and in order to make the metal expand a saw gate is cut from each hole
through the metal to the bottom of the piston; a dish or tray placed below the
cylinder is supplied with oil into which the cut end of the piston enters at the end
of its downstroke and gathers some oil which is carried into the cylinder and
lubricates it at every stroke.
In place of drilling and cutting the piston as described an attachment of a
similar kind may be fitted to the piston to carry oil and lubricate the cylinder.
Second. In order to prevent the cylinder of a gas or similar engine from being
burst through freezing of the water in the cylinder jacket, we propose to place in
connection with the water jacket of the cylinder a chamber or box fitted with a
spring covering which would yield or with a thin and weak cover which would
break under sudden pressure.
A tap to cut off the supply of water to the jacket would be kept closed when
the engine was not working to prevent escape of water in case the cover on the
chamber should be broken by frost and a suitable provision is made in the chamber
or box to drain the water from the jacket of the engine cylinder.
Third. To dispense with the gearing and side shaft for actuating the valve
spindles in engines of the Otto cycle we employ an eccentric on the crankshaft
which actuates an elbow lever pivoted on the frame; the outer end of this elbow
lever is forked and carries a stud on which is secured a notched wheel which lifts
the valve spindle at every alternate revolution of the engine in the following
manner :-
On the stud in the lever fork is secured a ratchet wheel and this wheel has as
many ratchet teeth as there are notches in the notched wheel, each time the elbow
lever is oscillated the ratchet wheel comes against a fixed pawl or catch which turns
the wheel one tooth, and so raises the valve spindle at one movement and at the
next allows the spindle to pass into one of the recesses in the notched wheel.
Dated this 16th day of November 1892.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
Agents for Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas, Oil, and similar Motor Engines.
We, HENRY HERBERT ANDREW, Director of J. E. H. Andrew and Company
Limited, of Reddish, near Stockport, in the County of Chester, Engineers, and
ALFRED ROWE BELLAMY, of the same place, Manager, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to sundry improvements in gas oil and similar motor
engines and the first part of our improvements refers to lubricating parts of engines
with inverted cylinders, and is illustrated by Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings, the second part refers to means for preventing injury to the water jackets
of the cylinders through frost and is illustrated by Figures 4 and 5, and the third
part which is illustrated by Figures 6 and 7 refers to means for actuating without
toothed gearing on the crankshaft the valve spindles in engines having an explosion
at every alternate revolution.
First, see Figs. 1 and 2.-In order to lubricate the piston (a) and cylinder (b)
of engines with an inverted cylinder we drill a number of holes (a') round the
piston (a) a few inches or so from the bottom and in order to make the metal
expand a saw gate is cut from each hole through the metal to the bottom of the
piston; a dish or tray (c) placed below the cylinder () is supplied with oil into
which the cut end of the piston (a) enters at the end of its down stroke; and
gathers some oil which is carried into the cylinder (b) and lubricates it at every
stroke.
In place of drilling and cutting the piston as described an attachment (a³) see
Fig. 3, of a similar kind may be fitted to the piston (a), to carry oil and lubricate
the cylinder.
Second, see Fig. 4.-In order to prevent the cylinder (b) of a gas or similar
. engine from being burst through freezing of the water in the cylinder jacket, we
propose to place outside (or in a position most exposed to the weather) and in
connection with the water jacket (6) of the cylinder, a chamber or box (d) fitted
with a spring covering (e) which would yield or with a thin and weak cover which
would break under sudden pressure.
A tap () to cut off the supply of water from the reservoir (g) to the jacket (61)
would be kept closed at night or when the engine was not working to prevent any
essential escape of water in case the cover (e) on the chamber (d) should be broken
by frost and a suitable provision is made in the chamber or box to drain the water
from the jacket of the engine cylinder.
In the modification of this arrangement shown in Fig. 5 we have an arrangement
of levers (h) which when the spring covering (e) yields, withdraws a pivoted catch (i)
thereby releasing a weighted tumbler. lever (1) which forces down the spindle of
the valve (f) and so closes the said valve which is kept normally open by the
spring (k). When the valve (f) is closed the communication with the water
supply reservoir is shut off and the water from the jacket (6) drains off through
the pipe (1).
Third, see Figs. 6 and 7.-To dispense with the gearing and side shaft for
actuating the valve spindles in engines of the Otto cycle we employ an eccentric (m)
on the crankshaft (n) which actuates an elbow lever (o) pivoted at (o¹) on the
frame; the outer end of this elbow lever is forked and carries a stud (p) on which
is secured a notched wheel (q) which lifts the valve spindle (s) at every alternate
revolution of the engine in the following manner :-
On the stud (p) in the lever fork is secured a ratchet wheel (t) and this wheel
has as many ratchet teeth as there are notches in the notched wheel (g); each time
the elbow lever (o) is oscillated the ratchet wheel (t) comes against a fixed pawl or
catch (u) which turns the wheel (t) one tooth, and so raises the valve spindle (s) at

page_text: one movement and at the next allows the spindle (s) to pass into one of the
recesses in the notched wheel (g).
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The method of and means for lubricating the piston and cylinder of a gas
motor engine having an inverted cylinder substantially as herein described with
reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
2. An arrangement of a chamber or box with a spring or other safety covering
in connection with the water jacket of the cylinder in order to prevent the latter
from bursting through freezing of the water substantially as herein described with
reference to Figs. 4 and 5.
3. The combination with a valve spindle in an engine of the Otto type, of a
notched wheel turned by ratchet gearing actuated from an eccentric on the.
crankshaft.
4. The several combinations and arrangements of parts. embodying our
improvements in gas and similar motor engines substantially as herein set forth,
for the purposes specified.
Dated this 16th day of August 1893.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for Applicants.