Year: 1855

page_text: enter
according to the Statutes in that case made and provided.
aforesaid,
WHEREAS I have not found it advantageous to employ mechanical
O pressure such as is described in my said Specification, for which reason I
wish to disclaim and I do hereby disclaim all parts of the said Specification
which describe the use of mechanical pressure; and with a view to confine my
claim to Invention to the combined agency of hydraulic pressure and heat I
alter my said Specification by striking out the following words" mechanical

page_text: <<
<<
"
pressure and heat for such purpose. The mechanical pressure may be
effected by the aid of an hydraulic press in combination with certain other
"mechanism exhibited by the Drawing hereunto annexed, and by stocks or
mills, horizontal pushers, or perpendicular stampers, such as are used in the
"manufacture of woollen cloths. When," also the words "is used I
employ," also the word "there," also the words "press (supposing an," also
the words "to be employed)," also the words "it is then removed and operated
upon with hot water either in stocks or mills, or horizontal pushers, or
perpendicular stampers such as are used in the manufacture of woollen
cloths, until the waste is perfectly clean." And I alter the first claiming
clause of my Specification by striking out the word "firstly" and the word
"mechanical," and introduce the word hydraulic in lieu thereof. And I
further alter my Specification by striking out the whole of the second claiming
clause, which is as follows:-"And, secondly, the use and employment of
"stocks or mills, pushers or stampers, or other similar means for performing
"the subsequent operations upon the waste as above stated, and substantially
as set forth and described in this my said Specification."
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"
And in order that the effect of the Disclaimer and Memorandum of Altera-
tion may be better understood, I annex a copy of my said Specification, altered
in red ink.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
"WILKINSON, of Woodhouse, in the County of York, send greeting.
"WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
"Patent bearing date the Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
"One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth
of Her reign,
"
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64.
year
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
"Edwin Wilkinson, Her special license that I; the said Edwin Wilkinson,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edwin
"Wilkinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
"agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
"exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
"Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
"IMPROVED MODE OF EXTRACTING GREASE FROM WOOLLEN, COTTON, AND WORSTED
< WASTE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edwin
Wilkinson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
"under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
"

page_text: describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
"the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
"Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
66
"NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Wilkinson, do hereby declare
"the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
"performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
"following statement thereof, that is to say:-
CC
"My Invention is designed for the purpose of extracting in a more efficient
manner than heretofore the grease contained in woollen, cotton, and worsted
"waste, and consists in the use and employment of mechanical pressure-and-leat
"for such purpose.-The-mechanical pressure may be effected by the aid-of-an
"hydraulic press in combination with certain-other mechanism exhibited by the
"Drawing-hereunto annexed, and by stocks or mills, horizontal-pushers, or-perpen-
"dieular stampers, such as are used in the manufacture of woollen cloths. When
"an hydraulic press is used I-employ in connection therewith a perforated
"receiver, in which the waste is placed and covered by a strong casting or
platten fixed to the head of the press, so that as the ram of the press is
"raised in the usual way, the waste is forcibly pressed between the bottom of the
"receiver and the top platten, the process being assisted by introducing steam
"E or a continuous stream of hot water or heated air into and amongst the
"waste, which facilitates the separation of the grease therefrom. The bottom
platten of the press has openings formed therein, through which the grease
passes into a chamber connected therewith, from which it may be removed
by a cock or other convenient means, the water being separated from the
grease by a cock, as hereafter stated.
"
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"
"And in order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible, I
now proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying
"the same into practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the numeral figures and letters of
"reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
66
66
<C
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed according to my
"said Invention; Figure 2 is a sectional plan view thereof at A, B, Figure 1;
© Figure 3, a transverse and vertical section through the line C, D, at
Figure 1; Figures 4 and 5, detached portions herein-after referred to. At
"each of the foregoing Figures I employ similar letters of reference to denote
"

page_text: "corresponding parts in so far as such parts appear or can be seen at each of
the said Figures respectively."
<
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"
*C
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A, B, C, D, represents the main parts of an ordinary, hydraulic press;
"A is the head thereof; B, the bottom and cylinder; C, tension, rods.con-
necting such parts together; D, the ram, supporting vessels E, E, of
the construction hereafter described, in which the waste to be operated
upon is placed; G is a vessel containing either steam, hot water, or hot
"air, which is introduced into the vessel E as desired, by means of the pipe
"and cock X. The construction of the vessels E, E*, is as follows:-E is a
square box formed of metal or other suitable material; the upper part of
"this box has a square piece of wood or metal fixed thereto, through which
"holes are formed in a slanting direction, as at Figure 2; E* is a cylindrical
shaped wrought-iron vessel, the lower part of which is perforated with innu-
"merable holes of about one-eighth to one quarter of an inch diameter, as
at Figure 1, the upper part of said vessel being plain or unperforated; K, K,
"are wood or metal uprights, and L, L, are metal hoops for affording the
"necessary strength to the vessel E*. It will be seen, upon referring to
Figure 2, that in order that the vessel E* may have room to rise by the
"action of the ram, the head of the press is formed with pillars or columns
"M, M, to the lower part of which a plate N is securely fixed; the upper
"surface of this plate has small holes a formed through the same, as at
Figure 4, and the under surface has grooves or channels y formed across the
same, as at Figure 5, so that the hot water, steam, or hot air, may pass
through the same. The bottom of the vessel E* is also formed with
innumerable holes through the same.
"
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"
"
$
MODE OF OPERATING.
"The waste to be operated upon is first sorted into heaps according to the
"different qualities, and is then put into the press or other machine in bags
"made of fine materials, such as canvass lined with flannel, or said bags may
"be of fine canvass only; water, steam, or a current of heated air, (the hotter
"the better) is then let into or forced through the pipe X amongst the waste, until
"the temperature of the water, &c., at the outlet pipe O is as near as may be
equal to the temperature at the inlet. pipe, after which the supply of water,
"&c., is then shut off, and the pump of the press-(supposing-an hydraulic press
"to-be-employed) is put into action so as to raise the ram thereof, which,
"exerting pressure on the waste between the ram and the perforated plate e,
"

page_text: "holes at the side and bottom of the vessel E into the box E, as also any
"water contained in the waste; the water being lowermost is first drawn off
"
"
CE
65
by opening the cock f, and when it is all removed.the cock is shut and the
"cock g opened, by which the grease is removed from the said box ;. the ram
"of the press is then lowered, and the waste removed from the vessel E*, and
"afterwards boiled in a strong solution of soda to remove any remaining grease
therefrom, it-is-then-removed-and-operated-upon with hot-water-either-in-stockis
"or-mills-or-horizontal-pushers, or perpendicular-stampere, such-as-are-used-in-the
"manufacture of woollen-ecloths, until-the-waste-is-perfeetly-elean. The waste is
then passed between suitable pressure rollers to get rid of any remaining
"moisture it may contain, and is then dried in rooms heated by artificial heat,
after which the waste is in a fit state to be again used for manufacturing
purposes. The length of time necessary for effectually performing the
"operation. of expressing the grease from the waste will vary according to the
"quantity operated upon and other circumstances; I cannot therefore give any
"definite time, but would observe that in practice I continue the operation until
"the grease and water flow feebly through the perforations in the vessel E*, or
"whatever other vessel may be employed. I would here remark that although
in practice I have found the above mode of operating upon the waste to
answer, well by admitting the steam, hot water, or hot air directly into and
amongst the waste for moistening the same, I do not intend to limit or
"confine myself to this precise mode of operating, as I believe the moistening
"of the grease could be effected in a double case, pan, or vessel without
"water, and by the indirect action of the heat from steam, water, or hot air
"admitted into a chamber surrounding the pan containing the waste. The
grease separated from the waste by the above means may be purified or
"otherwise treated by any known means, so as to render it a commercially
"valuable article.
$6
66
66
"Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention of
"An Improved Mode of Extracting Grease from Woollen, Cotton, and
Worsted Waste,' together with the best means I am acquainted with for
carrying the same into practical effect, I would remark in conclusion that
what I claim as my Invention is the extracting of grease from worsted,
66
hydraulic
"cotton, and woollen waste, firstly, by the combined agency of mechanical
pressure and heat, the heat being applied either directly or indirectly to the
waste as above stated; and, secondly, the use and employment of stocks-of
mills, pushers, or-stampers, or other-similar-means-for-performing-the-subsequent
<<
"

page_text: described in this-my said Specification.
"In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Wilkinson, have. hereunto set my
"hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our
"Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six."
To the Commissioners of Patent for England.
I hereby grant my fiat, giving leave to the above-named Edwin Wilkinson 15
to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which the same
relates, the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Wilkinson, of Woodhouse, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF EXTRACTING GREASE
FROM WOOLLEN, COTTON, AND WORSTED WASTE."
Sealed the 15th: April 1856, and dated the 16th October 1855:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Wilkinson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
October 1855.
I, EDWIN WILKINSON, of Woodhouse; in the County of York; do hereby
déclare the nature of the said Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF EXTRACTING
GREASE FROM WOOLLEN, COTTON, AND WORSTED WASTE," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed for the purpose of extracting in atmore efficient
manner than heretofore the grease contained in woollen, cotton, and worsted
waste, and consists in the use and employment for such purpose of mechanical
pressure and heat; that is to say, the mechanical pressure is effected by the
aid of an hydraulic press, in connection with which there is a perforated
receiver, in which the waste is placed; and covered by a strong casting or
platten fixed to the head of the press, so that as the ram of the press is raised
in the usual way, the waste is forcibly pressed between the bottom of the

page_text: receiver and the top platten, the process being assisted by introducing steam
or a continuous stream of hot water into and amongst the waste, which
facilitates the separation of the grease therefrom; the bottom platten of the
press has openings formed therein, through which the grease passes into a
chamber connected therewith, from which it may be removed by a cock or
other convenient means, the water being separated therefrom by evaporation
or other known means."
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edwin Wilkinson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th April 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
WILKINSON, of Woodhouse, in the County of York, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Edwin Wilkinson, Her special licence that I, the said Edwin Wilkinson, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edwin
Wilkinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF
EXTRACTING GREASE FROM WOOLLEN, COTTON, AND WORSTED WASTE," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edwin Wilkinson, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Wilkinson, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of extracting in a more efficient

page_text: manner than heretofore the grease contained in woollen, cotton, and worsted
waste, and consists in the use and employment of mechanical pressure and
heat for such purpose. The mechanical pressure may be effected by the aid
of an hydraulic press in combination with certain other mechanism exhibited
by the Drawing hereunto annexed, and by stocks or mills, horizontal pushers
or perpendicular stampers, such as are used in the manufacture of woollen
cloths. When an hydraulic press is used, I employ in connection therewith a
perforated receiver, in which the waste is placed, and covered by a strong
casting or platten fixed to the head of the press, so that as the ram of the
press is raised in the usual way, the waste is forcibly pressed between the
bottom of the receiver and the top platten, the process being assisted by
introducing steam or a continuous stream of hot water or heated air into and
amongst the waste, which facilitates the separation of the grease therefrom.
The bottom platten of the press has openings formed therein, through which
the grease passes into a chamber connected therewith, from which it may be
removed by a cock or other convenient means, the water being separated from
the grease by a cock, as hereafter stated. And in order to explain my said
Invention as completely as possible, I now proceed to describe the best means
I am acquainted with for carrying the same into practical effect, reference
being had to the illustrative Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the numeral
figures and letters of reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus constructed according to my
said Invention; Figure 2 is a sectional plan view thereof at A, B, Figure 1;
Figure 8, a transverse and vertical section through the line C, D, at Figure 1;
Figures 4 and 5, detached portions, herein-after referred to. At each of the
foregoing Figures I employ similar letters of reference to denote corresponding
parts, in so far as such parts appear or can be seen at each of the said Figures
respectively.
A, B, C, D, represents the main parts of an ordinary hydraulic press.
A is the head thereof; B, the bottom and cylinder; C, tension rods con-
necting such parts together; D, the ram supporting vessels E, E*, of the
construction hereafter, described, in which the waste to be operated upon is
placed; G is a vessel containing either steam, hot water, or hot air, which is
introduced into the vessel E as desired by means of the pipe and cock X.
The construction of the vessels E, E*, is as follows:-E is a square box,
formed of metal or other suitable material; the upper part of this box has a
square,piece of wood or metal fixed thereto through which holes * are formed

page_text: forming the operation of expressing the grease from the waste will vary,
according to the quantity operated upon and other circumstances. I cannot,
therefore, give any definite time, but would observe that in practice I continue
the operation until the grease and water flow feebly through the perforations
in the vessel E*, or whatever other vessel may be employed. I would here
remark, that although in practice I have found the above mode of operating
upon the waste to answer well by admitting the steam, hot water, or hot air
directly into and amongst the waste for moistening the same, I do not
intend to limit or confine myself to this precise mode of operating, as I
believe the moistening of the grease could be effected in a double case, pan,
or vessel without water, and by the indirect action of the heat from steam,
water, or hot air admitted into a chamber surrounding the pan containing the
waste. The grease separated from the waste by the above means may be
purified or otherwise treated by any known means, so as to render it a
commercially valuable article.
Having now described the nature and object of my said Invention of "An
Improved Mode of Extracting Grease from Woollen, Cotton, and Worsted
Waste," together with the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, I would remark, in conclusion, that what I claim as
my Invention is, the extracting of grease from worsted, cotton, and woollen
waste, firstly, by the combined agency of mechanical pressure and heat, tho
heat being applied either directly or indirectly to the waste, as above stated;
and, secondly, the use and employment of stocks or mills, pushers or
stampers, or other similar means for performing the subsequent operations
upon the waste, as above stated, and substantially as set forth and described
in this my said Specification.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Wilkinson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
EDWIN WILKINSON. (L.B.)
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE, Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.