AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CASTING ARTICLES IN IRON AND STREL
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office of Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CASTING ARTICLES IN IRON AND
STREL." A communication from abroad by Nicolas Pooteeloff, of St.
I'etersburg, in the Empire of Russia.
Sealed the 23rd July 1867, and dated the 29th January 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th January 1867.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CASTING ARTICLES IN IRON
AND STEEL," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to cast articles of various kinds in two
kinds of metal, such as cast iron and soft steel, combined in such a manner
that part of the article when cast may be hard and the rest soft and tough.
By using a combination of cast steel or Bessemer steel and cast iron the
metals while in a state of fusion will be spliced together without giving the
opposite parts of the casting the same qualities, but will retain, except at
the point of junction, the quality of either metal, as may be desired.
It it be required to make part of an article of hard cast iron at one end
and the other end of soft or Bessemer steel the desired metals are melted
077

page_text: in separate crucibles or other vessels at the same time, and when both the
metals are ready for pouring or casting the molten cast iron is first poured into
the mould and then the cast steel or Bessemer steel. During this process
a perfect union or weld of the metals takes place at the splice or point of
junction, and an article is produced with one end hard and the other end soft
and tough. After being cast the steel may be hammered or pressed, and the
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 29th July 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven in the thirtieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said
William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CASTING ARTICLES IN IRON AND
STEEL," being a communication to me from Nicholas Pooteeloff, of St. Peters-
burg, in the Empire of Russia, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said William Edward Newton, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the

page_text: llowing statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed
nd to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention is to cast articles of various kinds of two
inds of metal or alloys of metal, such as cast iron and soft steel, combined
such a manner that part of the article when cast may be hard and the
est soft and tough. By using a combination of cast steel or Bessemer steel
nd cast iron the metals while in a state of fusion will be spliced or joined
ogether without giving the opposite parts of the casting the same quality,
out will retain, except at the point of junction, the quality of either metal,
s may be desired.
If it be required to make part of an article of hard cast iron at one end and
he other end of soft or Bessemer steel the desired metals are melted in
separate crucibles or other vessels at the same time, and when both the metals
are ready for pouring or casting one of the metals, say the molten cast iron,
is first poured into the mould, and then the other metal, such as cast steel or
Bessemer steel is poured into the mould. During this process a perfect
union or weld of the metals takes place at the splice or point of junction, and
an article will be produced with one end hard and the other end soft and
tough. After being cast the steel may be hammered or pressed, and the
article may then be annealed, tempered, and hardened, if required.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal section
of a shell or elongated projectile constructed in this manner.
The part a or point of the projectile may be formed of one kind of metal,
say chilled cast iron; the part b may be of ordinary cast iron; and the part c
consists of cast iron and steel combined. The result of such a mode of con-
structing a projectile will be that the front end or point of the shell will be
hard enough to penetrate, say, a thick armour plate, and the cast iron and
steel combined will break up after passing through the armour plate.
In this
Fig. 2 represents an axle constructed upon the same principle.
instance the ends a are the parts submitted to the greatest wear, and are
therefore made of steel and are hard. The main body of the axle or the part
marked b is made of a tougher iron, and the parts c indicates the points where
the union of the two kinds of metal takes place during the casting process,
after which the body is hammered to the required form.
Having now described the Invention of "An Improved Method of Casting
Articles in Iron and Steel," as communicated to me by ny foreign corre-
spondent, and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I
claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid,the mode
herein set forth of casting articles in iron and steel combined so that the

page_text: different parts of such articles may be made of different degrees of hardness
and toughness according to the wear and tear or concussion to which they
may have to be exposed in use.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON.
TON. (L.S.)