IMPROVE- MENTS IN TREATING COTTON OR COTTON YARNS AND FABRICS WHEN DYED WITH CERTAIN COLORS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Albert Gatty, of Accrington, in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN TREATING COTTON OR COTTON YARNS AND FABRICS WHEN DYED WITH
CERTAIN COLORS."
Sealed the 2nd August 1858, and dated the 26th May 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Albert Gatty
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, ou
the 26th May 1858.
1, FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING COTTON OR COTTON YARNS AND FABRICS WHEN
DYED WITH CERTAIN COLORS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the colors produced on cotton or cotton yarns and
fabrics by alumina and madder, or any preparation or extract of madder, or
substance containing the coloring matter of madder, either in its pure state
or combined with other materials, and consists in treating the cotton or cotton
yarns and fabrics when dyed with the colors above referred to in the following
manner: The dyed cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics are immersed in a
diluted acid, or a weak solution of an acid salt or salts which become acid by

page_text: heating. When the fibres of cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics are well
impregnated with the acid or acid solution the excess of the liquid is removed,
and they are then dried and heated by steam or other suitable means. By
thus drying and heating the cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics after they have
been in the acid solution, the requisite brilliancy is imparted thereto.
My Invention may be applied after the cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics
have been dyed in the usual manner without any other preparation, but I
prefer to act upon colors with which a fatty acid is combined in the way
practised by Turkey-red dyers, or in any other suitable manner.
11.4.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Albert Gatty in the Great Seal Patent Offico on
the 24th November 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing
Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederick Albert Gatty, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN TREATING COTTON OR COTTON YARNS AND FABRICS WHEN DYED WITH
CERTAIN COLORS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick
Albert Gatty, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said. Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :—
My Invention relates to the colors produced on cotton or cotton yarns and
fabrics by alumina and madder, or any preparation or extract of madder, or
substance containing the coloring matter of madder, either in its pure state
or combined with other materials, and my object is to brighten the said
colors.
But in order that my Invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same.
After the cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics have been printed or prepared
with aluminous mordants in the ordinary way, which is well understood by
calico printers and Turkey-red dyers, and dyed with madder or any pre-
paration or extract of madder, or substance containing the coloring matter of
madder, either in its pure state or combined with other materials, I treat
them in the following manner :-The dyed cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics
are immersed in a diluted acid, or a solution of an acid salt or salts which
become acid by heating (excepting such acids or acid salts as would injure
the color) for the purpose of producing an acid reaction upon the dyed cotton
or cotton yarns or fabrics. I prefer to use a solution of alum containing six
ounces of alum in one gallon of water; but if muriatic acid is preferred, I
take one part of the muriatic acid of commerce to sixty parts of water; other
acids or acid salts may be used in equivalent proportions. When the fibres
of the cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics are well impregnated with the
solution of alum, or other suitable acid salt or acid, the excess of liquid
is removed by a hydro-extracter or other suitable means, and the prepared
materials are dryed, and then heated to from one hundred and eighty to two
hundred and twelve or more degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer for about an
hour, either by steam or other suitable means.
My improvements are particularly beneficial when applied to cotton or
cotton yarus and fabrics dyed with substances containing the coloring matter
of madder in a purer state than that in which it exists in the madder root or
in garancine, for I find that the purer the coloring matter is with which the
colors have been dyed the greater is the improvement by treating them
according to my Invention. I also find that the combination of a fatty acid
with the cotton or cotton yarns and fabrics, either in the manner practised by
Turkey-red dyers, or in any other suitable manner, adds to the brilliancy of
the colors.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself

page_text: to the exact proportious given, as the same may be varied according to the
color to be acted upon; but what I claim is, treating cotton or cotton yarns
and fabrics, when dyed with madder or any substance containing the coloring
matter of madder, with a diluted acid or: solution of acid salt or salts, in the
manner and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight."
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
F. A. GATTY. (L.S.)