provements in Stop Valves.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 11th May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 20th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 14th Mar., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Stop Valves.
We, JOHN ADDY HOPKINSON and JOSEPH IOPKINSON, both of the Firm
of J. Hopkinson & Co. Ltd. of ILuddersfield in the County of York, Engineers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows.-
This invention relates to stop valves that have spindles made of brass or other
metal having a greater coefficient of expansion than the body or casing. Such
valves nie, owing to the different expansibility of the valve spindle and casing,
able to injury when heated by high pressure steam for example after they have
been screwed down or shut tight while in a cold state Many valves hive been
ujuniously stained and in some instances the valve casings and spindles have been
bioken by the forces brought into play by such differential expansion
Our present invention has for its object to avoid the above indicated detect and
to provide a stop valve that shall have all the advantages to be derived from the
use of a brass, gun metal or like spindle in combination with an nou or like body or
casing, and yet shall be so constructed that the difference of expansion between
the spindle and casing shall not cause any injurious straining in any part or parts
of the valve
In carrying out invention into practice, as applied to a parallel slide stop valve
of the well-known type made by us having valve plates or discs pressed to then
seats by an internal spring and having a trunk spindle that passes out through a
stuffing-box and that engages with a screw threaded sprudle working in a bridge
piece cared by pillars mounted on the valve casing, we provide the trunk spindle
with a stop placed above the valve and preferably outside the valve casing 50 as
not to be subjected to the temperature of the contents of the valve casing. The
sand stop is 50 constructed that it anests the movement of the trunk spindle and
valve plates after the thoroughfare is closed and before the end of the spindle
meets the valve casing which has heretofore served as the stop. A convenient form
of stop is a cross bar secured to the outer end of the trunk spille by a nut or
otherwise and shoulders formed on the pillars with which shoulders the ends of the
said bar are adapted to engage when the valve is closed The ends of the said bar
are shaped to fit the pillars and to be guided thereby without rotating as the valve
ts being opened and closed
In applying our invention to inshoom stop valves of the type heretofore having
a spindle formed of a metal of a greater coefficient of expansion than the easing and
projecting though the cover of lid and through the externally screw theaded
sleeve that works in the budge and seives to control the valve, we make the said
spindle in two parts uz. one part made integral with the valve and projecting
through the stuffing-box on the lid on cover and the other part made of a metal
baving substantially the same co-efficient of expansion as the valve body oi casing
and fitted inside the first named part which is hollow The end of the inner part of
the spindle beans on the mushroom valve at a point neat or below the level of the
valve face to press the valve down on its seat The said two parts of the spindle
are connected by a coltar or the like that ensures the lifting of the valve when the
inner part of the spindle is lifted and also ensures the rotat on of the valve when
the said inne part is turned, but the said cotta intranged to have a suitable
amount of play to permit of the differential longitudinal expansion of the hollow

page_text: part of the spindle with reference to the valve body when subjected to variations of
temperature.
The solid part of the spindle is made to engage with both ends of the screw
theaded controlling 'sleeve so as to be moved axially by positive means when the
said screw theaded sleeve is rotated to open and close the valve. It is also
furnished with a handle for turning it to allow of 10tating the valve when
required.
Dated this 11th day of May 1895.
improvements in Stop Valves.
We, JOHN HENRY MANSON of 20 Ramsden Street, Huddersfield, in the County
of York, Land Agent Surveyor and Valuer, Executor of the late John Addy
Hopkinson of J. Hopkinson & Co. Ld, Engineers of Huddersfield aforesaid, and
JOSEPH HOPKINSON also of the said Company, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement.
This invention relates to stop valves having bodies or casings of cast iron or
steel and spindles of binss or other metal which has a coefficient of expansion
greater than that of the body or casing
Our invention is applicable to valves in which the valve proper slides on its favo
or seat in opening and closing, an example of such valves being the well-known
parallel slide valve made by us, it is also applicable to stop valves of the screws
down or mushroom type
In sliding stop valves as heretofore made by us, it has been customary to limit
the downward or closing movement of the valve by a projection on the end of the
valve spindle which rests or abuts against the lower part of the inside of the casing
when the valve is closed. It will be obvious therefore that if the valve is closed
while in a cold state with the end of the spindle pressed tightly against the casing,
and the valve is subsequently heated by steam for example, the spindle, having a
greater coefficient of expansion than the casing, will expand to such an extent as to
set up injurious stresses in the spindle and casing. In many instances spindles have
been broken o mjmed by the stresses so induced. The defects above referred to
are intensified by reason of the great length of spindle required in this type of
valve.
In stop valves of the screw-down or musloom type having cast iron bodies and
brass spindles, similar defects exist and the valves are hable to become defective
or damaged. For instance, if the valve is tightly screwed down on its seat while
In a cold state and subsequently heated by high pressure steam, the spindle
expands more than the valve body or casing and sets up severe stresses sufficient
to bend the spindle and to jam the valve. It is then difficult to open the valve,
and in many instances the spindle breaks in the attempt to turn it, thus rendering
the valve inoperative and useless. Further, if the valve is shut down while subject
to high temperature, due to high pressure steam for example, and the steam
pressure is then reduced, the consequent fall of temperature causes the spindle to
contract more than the non casing, so that the valvo is partially opened
from its seat, or the pressure between it and the seat is reduced to such an oxtent
that leakage takes place.
or lifted
Our present invention has for its object the avoidance of the above indicated
defects while at the same time securing all of the advantages to be derived from
the use of a brass, gun metal or like spindle in combination with an iron or like

page_text: body or casing. Our improved valves are so constructed that the difference of
expansion between the spindle and casing does not cause any injurious straining in
any part or parts of the valve, and the difference of contraction does not cause
leakage under the cncumstances above referred to.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate different forms of
valves having our improvements applied thereto,
Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of a stop-valve having parallel sliding
plates and a trunk spindle, the valve being shown closed.
Figure 2 18 a plan of a detail hereinafter described.
Figure 3 is & central longitudinal section of a parallel slide stop-valve having a
spindle solid throughout its length, the valve being shown partially open
Figure 4 is a central section of a stop-valve of the mushroom type.
Figure 5 is a side view partly in section of a portion of the spindle of Figure 4
drawn to an enlarged scale.
Figure 6 is a view of the same parts looking at them from the right of Figure 5,
the lower end of the screw threaded sleeve only being shown in section.
Liko letters of referenco deuote similar parts in the several figures.
A is the valve body or casing; B is the valve proper, which, in Figures 1 and 3
consists of two parallel plates, and in Figure 4 of an ordinary mushroom type of
valve Refening now to Figue 1, C is the trunk spindle that extends through a
stuffing-box D in the lid o cover of the valve-casing and E is the solid scrow
threaded spindle extending through the cross bidge F which is carried by the
pillars G, G in the usual mannet. His the hand-wheel for rotating the spindle E
to open and close the valve These parts ac constructed substantially as hereto-
fore except that the lower end of the trunk-spindle is not made to net as the stop
for limiting the downward travel of the valve. In lieu of the stop heretofore used
at the lower or inner end of the trunk-spindle we according to our present invention
provide a stop above the valve and outside the valve casing where it is not
subjected to the variations of temperature of the fluid in the casing, and we leave
the inner end of the trunk spindle quite free to permit the spindle to ficely expand
when the valve is closed. In the example shown, the stop comprises a bar J
secured to the upper or outer end of the trunk-spindle C above the stuffing-box D
by a nut Jo other suitable means. The Band bar has concave or other suitably
shaped ends J (see Figure 2) fitting against the pillars G, these ends being so
formed that the bar can slide up and down the pillars in such a manner as to
prevent the lateral stiain that has heretofore taken place on the valve faces. By
this meaus the valve no longer acts to prevent the rotation of the valve spindle,
this being entely prevented by the said bar J. The pillars are formed with
shoulders at G which serve as stops for the bar J to limit the downward movement
of the valve. The position of the shoulders G is such that the valve is properly
closed before its downward movement is stopped by contact of the bar J with the
shoulders G. The bat J also acts as an indicator to denote the position of the
valve. With this construction of valve the inner end of the spindle is quite free
to expand and contract under all circumstances.
In Figure 3 we have shown a stop-valve having, in lieu of a trunk spindle, a
solid spindle L which extends through a nut or screw-threaded sleeve capablo of
rotating in the budge and secured to the wheel. In this construction instead of
employing the bar J attached to the valve spindle and shoulders Gou the pillars
for the purpose of our invention we preferably employ a nut or collar or its
equivalent K fixed on the upper end of the spindle at such a height that it serves
to limit the downward movement of the valve by coming in contact with the hand-
wheel after the valvo is properly closed.
Referring now to Figure 4 which shows a mushroom stop-valve, the spindle is
made in two parts viz, one part B integral with the valvo aud projecting through
the stufhug-box D in the lid or cover, and the other part M made of steel or other
metal having substantially the same coefficient of expansion as the valve body or
casing and fitted inside the Brst named part B' which is hollow. The end of the

page_text: spindle M bears on the valve at a point B³ at about the level of the valve face to
press the valve down on its seat. The said two parts of the spindle are connected
by a cottar N or other device that ensures the lifting of the valve when the inner
part of the spindle is lifted and also ensures the notation of the valvo when the
eaid inner part is turned.
The slots b, b in the hollow spindle B₁ are of such a size as to allow of endwise
movement of the spindle B' on the cottar to permit the free expansion of the
spindle B¹.
The spindle o part M is furnished with a collar M' at a suitable distance from
the end of the hollow spindle or part B. The screw threaded sleeve O which
works in the budge F and is rotated by the hand wheel H bears on the upper side
of the collar M' to close the valve when the hand wheel is turned in the proper
direction. The spindle or part M extends through the sleeve O and its upper or
outer end is furnished with a handle P secured firmly thereon so that it cau be
tunned by the said handle to rotate the valves when required. The boss P¹ of the
handle rests on the wheel II so that when the wheel is turned to raise the
sleeve it presses against the boss P¹ of the handle P and lifts the spindle M, and
through the cottar N raises the spindle B and valve B.
The lower end of the sleeve O 18 preferably formed with an extension ()' that
encloses the upper end of the spindle B' and pievents displacement of the cottar N.
The shoulder formed by this extension serves to limit the lift of the valve by
coming in contact with the bridge F.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim 18-
1 In a stop-valve, means for providing against any injurious ellects mising from
unequal expansion and contraction of the different metals of the casing and
spindle.
2. In a slide stop-valve, the valve spindle provided with means, substantially as
described, for limiting the closing movement of the valvo while leaving the inner
end of the spindle fice so that the sand spindle can expand freely when the valve
18 closed.
3. In a slide stop valve the use of a device such as the bar for the purposes
specified.
4 In a stop-valve a screw-down or mushroom valve having its spindle provided
ewith means substantially as described for permitting the free expansion or
continction of the spindle, for the purpose specified.
5. The device for connecting the two parts of the spindle substantially as
described with reference to Figures 5 and 6, for the purpose specified.
6. A stop-valvo constructed and operating substantially as described with
reference to Figure 1 or to Figure 3, or to Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings,
for the purpose specified.
Dated this 2nd day of Novsumbor 1905,
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W C., Agents for the Applicants.