An Improved Driving Gear for Cycles and other Vehicles.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application. 27th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 27th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 29th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Driving Gear for Cycles and other Vehicles.
We, DAVID DISHART, of 5 Zion Street, Sunderland, in the County of Durham,.
Engineer, ALAN WARD, and THOMAS EDWARD DAVIDSON, of Bonner's Field
Copper, Brass and Lead Works, Monkwearmouth, Sunderland aforesaid,
Coppersmiths &c., and GEORGE HENRY DAVIDSON, of 32 Dundas Street,
Monkwearmouth, Sunderland aforesaid, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature'
of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to variable driving gear, more particularly intended for.
use with cycles, but applicable also to other vehicles, such gear having a slow
motion giving power for hill climbing and a quick motion giving speed for
ordinary work, and the object of the said invention is the improved construction of
a gear of this class.
The essential features of our apparatus can be sufficiently set forth by describing
its application to a cycle.
Parallel with the ordinary pedal, or crank shaft of the machine, we provide a
second shaft, journalled in bearings on an extension of the frame, and on this
said second shaft the ordinary chain wheel, or other wheel communicating motion
to the driving wheel, or wheels of the machine, is placed, instead of on the crank
shaft as usual; and the said crank shaft and second shaft are connected by means,
of gearing, in such manner that the said second shaft can be driven slowly, or
rapidly, as required.
The said gearing is constructed in the following manner.
For the slow motion, a worm is keyed on the crank shaft, engaging with spiral
grooves, or worm teeth formed on the enlarged end of a shaft at right angles to the.
said crank shaft, and carrying at its other end a bevel wheel, gearing with a bevel
pinion on the second shaft aforesaid. In place of such bevel wheel and pinion,
toothed wheels of any other suitable description may be employed.
For the quick or ordinary motion, a spur wheel is keyed on the crank shaft,
gearing with a spur wheel on the second shaft aforesaid, or a bevel wheel may be
keyed on the crank shaft to gear with a bevel wheel keyed on the aforesaid shaft
having the worm teeth at one end.
Any suitable form of clutch, or other connecting and disconnecting device, is
provided to each set of gearing, so that while either one is in operation the other
is thrown out of gear.
The general design or arrangement of the apparatus may be modified to suit the
particular cycle or form of vehicle, to which it is to be applied.
Dated this 27th day of January 1894
+
.

page_text: An Improved Driving Gear for Cycles and other Vehicles.
We, DAVID DISHAKT, late of 5 Zion Street, Sunderland, in the County of
Durham, but now of 11, Pemberton Street, Sunderland aforesaid, Engineer,
ALAN WARD, and THOMAS EDWARD DAVIDSON, of Bonner's Field Copper,
Brass and Lead Works, Monkwearmouth, Sunderland aforesaid, Coppersmiths &c.
and GEORGE HENRY DAVIDSON, of 32, Dundas Street, Monkwearmouth,
Sunderland aforesaid, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
Our invention relates to variable driving gear, more particularly intended for
use with cycles, but applicable also to other vehicles, such gear having a slow
motion giving power for hill climbing and a quick motion giving speed for
ordinary work, and the object of the said invention is the improved construction of
a gear of this class.
The essential features of our apparatus can be sufficiently set forth by describing
its application to a cycle, as illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings,
forming part of this Specification, in which,
Fig. 1 is a plan, and
Fig. 2 a sectional elevation through AA in Fig. 1, of a variable driving gear
constructed according to our invention, for use in a cycle.
Fig. 3 is a plan showing a modified arrangement of the same gear.
Similar letters of reference denote similar parts throughout the drawings.
Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, B is the ordinary pedal or crank shaft of the
machine, furnished with cranks C, C, in the usual way and journalled in bearings D, D,
connected by a bar or tube E.
F is a second shaft, parallel with the crank shaft B, and journalled in
bearings H, H, on extensions J, J, from the bearings DD. On this shaft F the
ordinary chain wheel K, or other wheel, communicating motion to the driving
wheel, or wheels of the machine, is fixed, instead of on the crank shaft as usual,
and the said crank shaft B and second shaft F are connected by means of gearing
in such manner that the shaft F can be driven slowly, or rapidly as required.
The said gearing is constructed in the following manner.
For the slow motion, a worm L preferably of rather quick pitch, is keyed on the
crank shaft B, engaging with spiral grooves or worm teeth formed on a small
tangent, or worm wheel M, carried by a shaft N at right angles to the shafts B
and F and journalled in a bearing P in the bar E, and a bearing P' in the bar E¹
which connects the aforesaid extensions J, J. A bevel wheel Q is keyed on the
end of this shaft N and gears with a bevel pinion R keyed on the shaft F.
For the quick or ordinary motion, a bevel wheel S is keyed on the crank shaft B
and gears with a bevel pinion T on the shaft N.
The worm wheel M and bevel pinion T both run loose on the shaft N, between
them is a clutch U capable of sliding on the said shaft but compelled to rotate
therewith by means of a feather or other suitable device.
The said clutch is adapted to engage with either the said worm wheel or the
Baid bevel pinion; when engaged with the worm wheel the chain wheel shaft F
will be driven slowly through the medium of the worm, worm wheel, bevel wheel Q
and pinion R, and when engaged with the bevel pinion T the said shaft will be
driven quickly through the medium of the bevel wheel S and pinion T and the
bevel wheel and pinion R.
From the nature of their relative position it will be seen that the bevel wheel S
and pinion T must be cut with skew teeth.

page_text: In the modification shewn in Fig. 3 the slow motion is obtained as before but the
above bevel wheel and pinion are not employed for the quick motion, in their place
a spur wheel V carried on the crank shaft B drives a spur pinion W keyed on the
shaft F through the medium of an idle spur wheel X, which said idle wheel is
required to give the right direction of rotation to the chain wheel K. In this case
the worm L and spur wheel V are loose on the crank shaft, either of them being
coupled therewith at pleasure by means of a sliding clutch U, as before described.
In the arrangement shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, if preferred the clutch may be
placed between the worm L and the bevel wheel S on the crank shaft B.
No means are shewn in the drawings for operating these clutches, but any
usual system of levers or other suitable devices may be employed for this purpose,
as will be well understood.
The various bearings are shewn merely as plain bearings, but in practice suitable
forms of ball bearings would preferably be employed.
The above described drawings clearly set forth the nature of our invention but
we do not necessarily confine ourselves to the precise designs or details of con-
struction therein shewn, as such designs or arrangement may be modified to suit
the particular cycle or form of vehicle to which it is to be applied. Thus for
example the frame carrying the various bearings of the apparatus may be
constructed in any suitable manner other than that shewn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim, is :-
1. In a variable driving gear of the class described, in combination, a crank
shaft, a second shaft carrying a chain or driving wheel, worm and bevel gearing
for communicating a slow motion and bevel or spur gearing for communicating a
quick motion to said second shaft, and means for placing either of said motions in
gear at pleasure, substantially as set forth.
2. A variable driving gear of the class described, consisting of a crank shaft B,
a shaft F with chain wheel K, worm L, worm wheel M, shaft N, bevel gears Q
and R and S and T, and a clutch U, all substantially as and for the purposes set
forth with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
3. A variable driving gear of the class described, consisting of a crank shaft B,
a shaft F with chain wheel K, worin L, worm wheel M, shaft N, bevel gears Q
and R, spur gears V, W,X, and a clutch U, all substantially as and for the
purpose set forth with reference to Fig. 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 27th day of November 1894.
AMBROSE MYALL,
2, Lancaster Place, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.