Improvements in Continuous Firing Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles and the like.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May, 1899-Accepted, 15th July, 1899
Improvements in Continuous Firing Kilns for Burning Bricks, Tiles
and the like.
I, WILLIAM TARRANT, of Meadcroft Villas, Bank Road, Great Marton, Blackpool,
in the County of Lancaster, Brick Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in continuous firing kilns for burning
various articles and materials, such as bricks, tiles, lime and the like, and the objects
of my improvements are to economise the consumption of fuel and to fully utilize
the heat from the bricks and the like after the process of burning, much of which
heat is commonly wasted, to distribute the heat uniformly and in particular to direct
it over the whole floor of each drying chamber so that the bottom and lower layers of
bricks or other articles therein are first dried and made hot, and further to so place
and arrange the flues that in the event of any arch giving way by expansion or con-
traction, or from any other cause, the flues for conveying the waste heat would not be
affected.
I accomplish these objects by an improved construction and arrangement of the
kiln and flues.
In the accompanying two sheets of drawings-
Fig. 1 is a ground plan of a kiln for burning bricks, tiles and the like, made
according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is an outside view of one side of the kiln.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section showing the division of the kiln into arched
chambers.
Fig. 4 is a plan of the top of the kiln, partly in section, showing feed-holes for fuel
and some of the flues.
Fig. 5 is a section across the inner side of two chambers showing the outlets for
smoke and steam into the main smoke flue, the outlets for waste heat into the waste
heat flue, the feed holes and the waste heat inlets.
Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the middle and one side of the kiln showing small
archways through the division walls for fire to travel through, also flues leading from
the main waste heat flue into small branch distributing flues.
In the drawings, a represents the outside walls of the kiln, b a series of chambers
with arched tops, e entrances into the said chambers, & division walls between the
chambers, e small passages through the walls d, f discharge passages for the smoke
and steam into the main smoke and steam flue g which is placed within two walls h
which divide the kiln longitudinally. Near the top of each chamber 6 is an outlet i
connected to a waste heat flue j formed between the walls above the main smoke
and steam flue g; kk are branch flues separated from the flue; hy dampers, and
connected to small distributing flues leading from the flues k into the chambers b;
Dosa 71

page_text: m is a screen or bag which extends from end to end of each chamber b. In the
arches of the chambers b are feed holes and vertical passages n for feeding slack or
coal dust into the chambers as required, each passage having a suitable cover.
On referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that I do not follow the ordinary plan of
building two main parallel arches running lengthwise of the kiln, but I prefer to
build two series of transverse arches divided by the partition wall or walls h centrally
situated in the kiln and extending from end to end. The arches are built at right
angles to this wall on each side of it and thus form two series of drying and burning
chambers b for bricks and the like.
Directly over the main smoke and steam flue g is the main waste heat flue j for
collecting the waste heat and conducting it through branch flues and 7 to
any chamber desired. The outlet for waste heat from each chamber into the
flue jis by an opening i in one end of the chamber near the top, see Fig. 5,
and in the flue j are a number of dampers x which control the admission of
waste heat into the smaller flues k built into the division walls d between
the chambers b. The flues k are connected by the small distributing
flues which have their outlets through apertures in the screens or bags m built
from end to end of each chamber on the sides where the waste heat enters; these
flues conduct the heat from the chambers in which the bricks are cooling into any
desired chambers containing green bricks or raw materials and distribute the heat
uniformly all over the bottom part of the chambers so that the lowest layers of
bricks and the like are dried first and made hot for firing.
All the flues are furnished with suitable dampers or valves which control and
regulate the heat and direct the waste heat into any desired chamber or chambers.
In operation, bricks, or other raw materials to be dried and burned are stacked in
any desired number of the chambers 6 and when sufficiently dry, fuel is fed on to
the bricks through the feed holes and passages n and the fuel is fired, say, in the
first of the chambers, whence the heat and flame pass through the passages e at the
bottom of the walls d into all the chambers containing bricks ready to be burned.
In the last chamber the exit passages e will be closed, and the passage f will be
opened to allow all the smoke and steam to escape into the main flue g and up the
chimney. While bricks are being burned in certain chambers, other empty chambers
are being filled with green bricks and as the burning of the bricks in each of the
first named chambers is finished the passages e of such chamber are closed and its
discharge passage or outlet i cpened to allow the waste heat from the cooling
bricks to pass into the flue j and thence into one, two or more of the flues k, which
run along the division walls between the chambers, the heat passing through the
small distributing flues into the desired chambers to dry the green bricks.
As each successive chamber of bricks is burned the same operation of conducting
the waste heat from its upper part through the outlet is continued, the heat
being carried to any chamber filled with green bricks in order to dry them before
burning, and as soon as the burnt bricks are cooled they are removed and the
chambers filled with green bricks; in this manner as the bricks in the different
chambers are dried they are ready to be fired as before described and continuous
firing throughout the kiln can be maintained and all the waste heat utilized.
To examine the condition of the bricks in any chamber it is only necessary to
raise the cover over one of its feed passages n and look down.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A continuous firing kiln divided at mid-width by two longitudinal partition walls
into two parallel series of transversely arched-chambers-for-drying, burning and-
cooling-bricks and the like, the said partition walls containing between-them-the
smoke and steam Ane as well as a main waste hent-Aue to receive and utilize by means
ofbraash-distributing flues-the-heat from the-bricks-or-other-materials-which-are-
cooling after having been burnt.

page_text: 21. In combination in a continuous firing kiln, the main smoke and steam
flue g formed in the central longitudinal partition wall, the main waste heat flue j
placed imraediately above the flue g, and the series of distributing flues k and l con-
trolled by dampers for conducting and distributing the heat uniformly and
particularly guiding the heat into contact with the bottom layers of the raw material
in any part of the kiln substantially as herein set forth and as illustrated by the
accompanying drawings.
3. 2. The general construction, combination and arrangement of parts constituting
an improved continuous firing kiln substantially as and for. the purposes herein
set forth and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th day of May 1899.
H. B. BARLOW & GILLETT,
Agents for Applicant, 17, St. Ann's Square, Manchester.