IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF UPLAND AMERICAN OR OTHER COTTON SEED CONTAINING FIBRE OR LINT
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Middleton Justice of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF UPLAND AMERICAN OR
OTHER COTTON SEED CONTAINING FIBRE OR LINT-communicated to him
from abroad by James Francis O Shaughnessy of the City County and State
of New York, United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Middleton Justice at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1883.
PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
TREATMENT OF UPLAND AMERICAN, OR OTHER COTTON SEED CONTAINING FIBRE
OR LINT A communication to me from abroad by James Francis O'Shaughnessy
of the City, County and State of New York United States of America
"
This invention relates to the treatment of upland American or other cotton seed,
containing fibre or lint in order to separate the adhering fibre common to such seed
from the hull and kernel, for the purpose of saving the fibre and obtaining the hull
and kernel in a suitable commercial form To this end, the cotton seed is taken as
it comes from the cotton gin with the fibre adhering to the hull and operated upon
without preliminary treatment.
In the treatment of seed in this condition as heretofore practically carried on, it
has been customary for the greater part to crush or break the seed and remove the
kernal for use in producing oil, or as meal for cattle, or both, leaving the hull or
shell with its adhering fibre as a refuse to be thrown away or to be burnt as fuel.
In crushing also, or in grinding, a considerable per centage of the crushed kernel
adheres to the shell or fibre and is lost. All this occasions a practical loss of about
balf the value of the material of the cotton seed, and the meal obtained therefrom
by this process, being pure kernel without any of the hull, is less valuable as food
for cattle, on account of its tendency to scour the cattle fed upon it
This ordinary process has been improved by the method of treating the crude
seed with acid, whereby the fibre is dissolved and removed together with more or

page_text: less of the outer hull, leaving a solid hard shell enclosing the kernel This shell
may be cracked or ground with the kernel This process is a practicable, and
successful one, and a great improvement upon those preceding it But my purpose
is to avoid the use of acids, and and to save for the mechanical purposes for which
it is valuable, the cotton fibre adhering to the seed; and I also aim to secure at
the same time, the mixture of the pulverized hull (freed from fibre) with the kernel
whereby it is greatly improved for feeding the cattle. To this end the invention
consists, in grinding or crushing in a suitable mill the cotton seed, as it comes from
the gin, reducing it to a sufficiently fine condition, and then sifting out of the
pulverized or comminuted mixture, all the cotton fibre, leaving the bull and kernel
in a condition fit to be pressed, for the extraction of the oil or to be fed to the
cattle. It is necessary that the seed and adhering cotton should be ground to such
a condition that the fibre may be practically sifted out, and it will take with it
ordinarily small proportions of the outer hull of the seed This does not interfere
with the utility of the fibre for any of the purposes for which it is intended.
In carrying out the invention a mill is used adapted to cut fibre and the seed
and to comminute the whole. For this purpose any of the iron grinding mills
having opposing teeth will serve
Having thus reduced the seed and ground the cotton to a sufficiently pulverulent
condition it is passed through sieves which remove all the cotton fibre and leave
the pulverized grain and hull The cotton fibre with or without portions of the
outer shell or hull is useful for making paper and for almost any of the purposes
for which waste cotton is used

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Philip Middleton Justice in the Patent Office on the 8th March
* 1884.
7
PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 & 56 Chancery Lane in the County of
Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
TREATMENT OF UPLAND AMERICAN OR OTHER COTTON SEED CONTAINING FIBRE
OR LINT A communication to me from abroad by James Francis O'Shaughnessy
of the City County and State of New York United States of America
This Invention relates to the treatment of upland American or other cotton seed
containing fibre or lint, in order to separate the adhering fibre common to such
seed from the hull and kernel, for the purpose of saving the fibre and obtaining the
hull and kernel in a suitable commercial form To this end I take the cotton seed
as it comes from the cotton gin with the fibre adhering to the hull and operate
upon it without preliminary treatment In the treatment of seed in this condition
as heretofore practically carried on, it has been customary for the greater part to
crush or break the seed and remove the kernel for use in producing oil, or as meal
for cattle, or both, leaving the hull or shell with its adhering fibre as a refuse to be
thrown away or to be burnt as fuel.
In crushing also, or in grinding, a considerable per centage of the crushed kernel
adheres to the shell or fibre and is lost An this occasions a practical loss of about
half the value of the material of the cotton seed and the meal obtained therefrom
by this process, being pure kernel without any of the hull is less valuable as food
for cattle on account of its tendency to scour the cattle fed upon it. This ordinary
process has been improved by the method of treating the crude seed with acid
whereby the fibre is dissolved and removed together with more or less of the outer
hull, leaving a solid hard shell, enclosing the kernel. This shell may be cracked or
ground with the kernel. This process is a practical successful one and a great
improvement upon those preceding it. But my purpose is to avoid the use of acids.
And to save for the mechanical purposes for which it is valuable, the cotton fibre
adhering to the seed, and I also aim to secure at the same time the mixture of the
pulverized hull (freed from fibre) with the kernel whereby it is greatly improved
for feeding the cattle. To this end my invention consists in grinding or crushing
in a suitable mill, the cotton seed as it comes from the gin, reducing to a sufficiently
fine condition and then sifting out of the pulverized or comminuted mixture, all
the cotton fibre, leaving the hull and kernel in a condition fit to be pressed, the
extraction of the oil, or to be fed to the cattle. It is necessary that the seed and
adhering cotton should be ground to such a condition that the fibre may be
practically sifted out, and it will take with it ordinarily, small proportions of the
outer hull of the seed. This does not interfere with the utility of the fibre for any
of the purposes for which it is intended. In carrying out my invention I use a
mill adapted to cut fibre and the seed and to comminute the whole. For this
purpose any of the iron grinding mills having opposing teeth will serve Having
thus reduced the seed and ground the cotton to a sufficient pulverulent condition I
pass it through sieves which remove all the cotton fibre and leave the pulverized
grain and hull The cotton fibre with or without portions of the outer shell or hull
is useful for making paper and for almost any of the purposes for which waste
cotton is used
Having thus described the nature of the invention as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, and how the same may be practically employed What
I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is
The herein before described process of reducing cotton seed and separating the
fibre from the hull and kernel consisting in first grinding in a suitable mill,

page_text: the seed and adhering fibre, then separating the fibre from the ground bull and
kernel as and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Philip Middleton Justice have hereunto set my
hand and seal this eighth day of March in the year of Our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and eighty four
Signed, sealed and delivered
in the presence of
ALLEN P. JONES Grad Inst P.A
55 & 56 Chancery Lane
London, W.C
PHILIP M. JUSTICE (L.S.)