IMPROVEMENTS MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TURNING WOOD AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Parsons, of Earl Street, Edgware Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TURNING WOOD AND OTHER MATERIALS."
IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Parsons at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1876.
WILLIAM PARSONS, of Earl Street, Edgware Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TURNING WOOD
AND OTHER MATERIALS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or apparatus for
turning wood and other materials, whereby rounds, waves, indentations, and other
forms or patterns can be given to such materials according to the design or pattern
formed on the edge of a template fixed in the machine, and also whereby two or
more articles may be simultaneously turned of the same pattern.
For this purpose I employ machinery or apparatus consisting of a bed plate sup-
ported by suitable standards. This bed plate carries one or more head stocks, the
mandrils of which are fitted with chucks or face plates to carry the ends of the
material to be acted upon, which is kept in its place against the chucks by poppet
heads of the usual construction.
To the bed plate is fitted a saddle, which is capable of being moved backwards
and forwards between the head stock and poppet head by means of a leading screw
running from one end of the machine to the other, and caused to revolve by means
of gearing from the mandril or spindle of the bead stock, or by any other suitable
means.
The saddle can be thrown in and out of gear with the screw by means of a split
or sliding nut to enable it to be quickly drawn back, and I prefer to work the back
action by means of a rack and pinion fixed to the saddle. At right angles to the
bed is the tool rest, which is set up at right angles to the bed, and vertically from
the bed face. Bushes with holes of different sizes, according to the pattern to be
turned, are fitted into the rest, and around the hole are placed cutting knives or
tools which rough the wood or other material to the size of the hole in the rest; it
then passes through the rest to the pattern cutting knives or tools. These are held
Price 6d1

page_text: in position by a slide rest at right angles to the bed, and capable of sliding back-
wards and forwards in the same direction. The guides for the slide rest are bolted
to the saddle by the side of the guide frame. A template of the pattern or
design to be cut on the wood or other material is held on brackets bolted to the
side of the bed. The edge of the template is shaped to the desired pattern to
be cut.
The slide rest carrying the shaping tools is held against the pattern by springs or
other means, which, combined with the action of the leading screw, cause the
shaping tool to follow the pattern on the pattern plate, and thereby causes the
wood or other material to be cut to the pattern described on the pattern plate or
template.
To form acute angles and sharp curves on the article being turned I mount at
the back or top of the machine a lever or frame, on which is fixed one or more
fixed or revolving cutters of any required pattern. These cutters are pressed against
the wood or other material at the points required to produce the desired
pattern.
By increasing the number of poppet heads, head stocks, and cutting tools the
machinery or apparatus is rendered capable of turning or shaping several articles
simultaneously of the same pattern.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Parsons in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
December 1876.
"
WILLIAM PARSONS, of Earl Street, Edgware Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TURNING WOOD
AND OTHER MATERIALS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or apparatus for
turning wood and other materials, whereby rounds, waves, indentations, and other
forms or patterns can be given to such materials, according to the design or pattern
formed on the edge of a template, fixed in the machine, and also whereby two or
more articles may be simultaneously turned of the same pattern.
For this purpose I employ machinery or apparatus consisting of a bed plate sup-
ported by suitable standards. This bed plate carries one or more head stocks, the
mandrils of which are fitted with chucks or face plates to carry the ends of the
material to be acted upon, which is kept in its place against the chucks by poppet
heads of the usual construction.
To the bed plate is fitted a saddle, which is capable of being moved backwards
and forwards between the head stock and poppet head by means of a leading
screw running from one end of the machine to the other, and caused to revolve by
means of gearing from the mandril or spindle of the head stock, or by any other
suitable means.
The saddle can be thrown in and out of gear with the screw by means of a split
or sliding nut to enable it to be quickly drawn back, but I prefer to work the back
action by means of a rack and pinion fixed to the saddle. At right angles to the
bed is a tool rest, which is set up at right angles to the bed, and vertically from
the bed face. Bushes with holes of different sizes, according to the size of the
pattern to be turned are fitted into the rest, and around the hole are placed
cutting knives or tools which rough the wood or other material to the size of the
hole in the rest; it then passes through the rest to the pattern cutting knives or
tools. These are held in position by a slide rest at right angles to the bed, and
capable of sliding backwards and forwards in the same direction. The guides for
the slide rest are bolted to the saddle. A template of the pattern or design to be

page_text: cut on the wood or other material is held on brackets bolted to the side of the bed.:
The edge of the template is shaped to the desired pattern to be cut.
The slide rest carrying the shaping tools is held against the pattern by springs.
or other means, which, combined with the action of the leading screw, cause the
haping tool to follow the pattern on the pattern plate, and thereby causes the:
wood or other material to be cut to the pattern described on the pattern plate or
emplate.
By increasing the number of poppet heads, head stocks, and cutting tools the
nachinery or apparatus is rendered capable of turning or shaping several articles
imultaneously of the same pattern.
And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood, and readily
arried into effect, I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings
more fall
Figure 1 is a front elevation; Figure 2 is a plan; Figure 3 is a vertical section,
on the line 1, 1, of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows A; and Figure 4
is a vertical section on the line 2, 2, of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the
arrows B, of turning machinery constructed according to my Invention; and
Figure 5 is a plan of the slide rest and saddle with the roughing cutters and their
standard removed.
In
a is the bed plate of the machine, which is supported by suitable standards in
the usual manner. This bed plate a is represented in the Drawing as carrying two
head stocks b, the mandrils of which are fitted with chucks or face plates b¹ to
carry the ends of the material to be acted upon, which is kept in its place against
the chucks 6 by poppet heads c of the usual construction, a set screw 62 being
employed to prevent endway motion of the material being turned; but I preferably
employ a dog chuck. If desired, however, only one or more than two head stocks
and poppet heads may be employed in one machine. To the bed a is fitted a
saddle d, which is capable of being moved backwards and forwards between the
head stocks b and poppet heads c by means of a leading screw 6 running from one
end of the machine to the other, and caused to revolve by a strap or band acting
on a pulley el fixed on one end of the screw e, or by other suitable means.
order, however, to facilitate the speedy back motion of the saddle d, instead of
causing the screw e to act in combination with a complete nut formed or fixed in a
projection from the saddle d, I employ a half nut f, which is connected by a link f¹
to a lever f, by which it can when desired be raised out of gear with the screw
when the saddle & can be run quickly back by means of the toothed pinion g and
toothed rack h, as is well understood. At right angles to the bed a is a tool rest j,
which is placed vertically from the bed face. Bushes & with holes of different sizes
are fitted into the rest j, and at the periphery of the hole in the bush k for the time
in use is mounted a tool holder l, on which are fixed cutting knives or tools l¹, any
of which may be used to rough the wood or other material to the size of the hole
in the rest. The wood passes through bushes carried by the rest j to the pattern
cutting knives or tools m¹. These are fixed to tool holders m carried by a slide
rest n at right angles to the bed a, which is capable of sliding backwards and for-
wards on guides o bolted to the saddle d. The. slide rest n has elongated holes n¹
forined therein, as shown at Figure 5, to enable the tool rest j to be fixed rigidly to
the saddle d, and yet permit the free motion of the slide rest n on its guides o. A
template p of the pattern or design to be cut on the wood or other material is held
on brackets q bolted to the side of the bed a. The edge of the template p is
shaped to the pattern desired to be cut. A finger or projection n² from the slide
rest n is held up to and caused to follow the pattern on the template p by a
spring r, or it may be by a weight or other suitable means, which, combined with
the action of the leading screw e, causes the shaping tool m² for the time being in
use to follow the pattern on the template p, and thereby causes the wood or other

page_text: material being turned to be cut to the pattern described on the template p. A
cam fs fixed to the lever facts upon a projection n³ from the slide rest n when
the lever is depressed, so that when the nut f is removed from the screw e, tho
slide rest n is at the same time drawn back, so as to remove the shaping cutters
from contact with the wood.
2
It will be seen, on reference to the Drawings, that the tool holders and m are
each provided with several cutters l', m³, any of which may be brought into use as
may be desired by simply slackening the nuts ², m³, and turning the tool holders
partly round, and then tightening up the nuts.
By increasing the number of poppet heads, head stocks, and tool holders with
cutting tools the machinery or apparatus may be arranged to turn more than
two articles simultaneously of the same pattern.
The cutting tools I prefer to employ, and which I have found to answer well,
are somewhat in the form of thin chisels, and have their cutting edges to act in
a nearly vertical line, and are formed and mounted in the manner described in a
Provisional Specification filed by Andrew Charles Guy Thompson on this Twentieth
day of December instant.
Since filing my Provisional Specification I have discovered that the arrangement
therein described of forming acute angles on the articles being turned is unnecessary.
I therefore desire to disclaim, and I do hereby disclaim, such arrangement.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode in which
I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
First. The peculiar arrangement and combination of machinery or apparatus for
turning, in which the shaping tools are mounted on a slide rest, which is caused to
follow the pattern cut on a fixed template in manner substantially as herein shown
and described.
And, Secondly. I claim providing machinery or apparatus for turning with two
or more sets of head stocks, poppet heads, and cutting tools, and having the shaping
tools carried by a slide rest, which is caused to follow a pattern cut on the edge of
a template, so that two or more articles may be simultaneously turned to the same
pattern in manner substantially as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Parsons, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.