Improvements in Slate or Tile Roof-ridging.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 30th Nov., 1893-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Slate or Tile Roof-ridging.
I, MOSES KELLOW, of The Park Slate Quarries, Penrhyndeudraeth, North
Wales, Quarry Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to the manufacture of ridging for the roofs of buildings.
Hitherto slate ridging has been made in two or in three pieces, and secured to
the roof by means of screws, nails or clamps, and sometimes by cement in addition.
Such ridging usually terminates in a "roll" having an upper or sky line which is
quite plain and unrelieved by any break in its continuity.
The objects of the present invention are to produce ridging formed of two
similar parts which interlock with one another from opposite sides, and which will
retains its position without the aid of screws, nails or clamps. The continuity of
upper line is, moreover, broken; a more ornamental appearance being thereby
imparted to the ridging.
A chamfered slab, having a groove on one side near the top edge and a similar
groove on the other side near the bottom edge, is split along the plane of cleavage
from groove to groove midway between the two faces of the slab. The cleft face
of each piece is then planed. The thick edge of each piece is subsequently sawn,
and parts removed; the intervals being equal in length to the hook-like projections.
Two pieces can then be interlocked from opposite sides; the ridge thus formed
being bedded on Portland or other water-proof cement. No screws, nails or clamps
are required, as the one member cannot become separated from the other when in
position on the roof. The series lying on one side of the ridge may break joint
with the series arranged on the other side. The grooves, and the depth of the
intervals, may be varied to suit any particular requirements.
When the ridging is made of ordinary or earthenware tiles, each tile may be
produced separately by moulding in a press or otherwise.
Dated the 1st day of March 1893.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
191, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Chartered Patent Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Slate or Tile Roof-ridging.
I, MOSES KELLOW, of The Park Slate Quarries, Penrhyndeudraeth, North
Wales, Quarry Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of ridging for the roofs of buildings.
Hitherto slate ridging has been made in two or in three pieces, and secured to
the roof by means of screws, nails or clamps, and sometimes by cement in addition.
Such ridging usually terminates in a "roll" having an upper or sky line which is
quite plain and unrelieved by any break in its continuity.
The main object of the present invention is to produce ridging formed of two
similar parts which interlock with one another from opposite sides, and which will
retain its position without the aid of screws, nails or clamps. In the preferred
form, the continuity of the upper line is, moreover, broken; a more ornamental
appearance being thereby imparted to the ridging.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is an end elevation of a grooved and chamfered slab of slate, which is
subsequently split into two pieces in the course of manufacture.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of one of the pieces split from the slab; the split surface
having been planed.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the finished pieces of the ridging.
Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the interlocked ridging.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view thereof drawn to a smaller scale.
Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but showing adjustable ridging with the parts
in position to fit a roof of."square" pitch.
Fig. 7 corresponds with Fig. 6, but represents the same parts in position to fit
a roof of "one-third" pitch.
Fig. 8 is a cross section on the line 8, 8 (Fig. 9) showing the interlocked ridging
with the addition of an ornamental crest.
Fig. 9 is a side elevation, drawn to a smaller scale, of the ridging represented
in Fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a cross section on the line 10, 10,
Fig. 11 a similar view on the line 11, 11, and
Fig. 12 a side elevation showing a modified form of interlocked ridging wherein
the continuity of the upper line is unbroken.
The chamfered slab A A¹ (Fig. 1), having grooves B and B', is split along
the plane of cleavage indicated by the dotted line c, c midway between the two
faces of the slab. The inner face of each piece is then planed; the planed
piece A being shown in Fig. 2. The thick edge D of each piece A* is then
sawn, and parts removed, as represented in Fig. 3; the intervals D' being equal
in length to the projections Dx. Two projections Dx are shown by way of
example, but it should be understood that there may be three or more projections
on each section of the ridging. The finished piece is marked A°. Two pieces A°
can be interlocked from opposite sides, as shown in Fig. 4; the ridge thus formed
being bedded on Portland or other water-proof cement. No screws, nails or
clamps are required, as the one member cannot become separated from the other
when in position on the roof. The series lying on one side of the ridge may
break joint with the series arranged on the other side. The grooves B and B',
and the depth of the intervals D¹, may be varied to suit any particular require-
ments. For instance, in Figs. 6 and 7, the depth of the interval between the
projections D has been increased so that the sections can lie at 120° or 90° to one
another. In the latter position, spaces such as d are left. When the ridging is
bedded down, each of these spaces becomes filled with cement, which, after setting,
acts as a key and holds the parts firmly in place. In Figs. 8 and 9, an ornamental
crest E is added. In Figs. 9, 10 and 11, the projections D* and the tops of the
pieces A° are so modified in shape as to present the appearance of a continuous
roll. The spaces such as d left between the parts are filled with cement; surplus
cement being forced out while the parts are brought into their proper relative
positions.
When the ridging is made of earthenware, each section or tile may be produced
separately by moulding in a press or otherwise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim :-
1. The improved bipart slate or earthenware ridging in which the members
interlock from opposite sides, substantially as herein described.
2. The improved bipart slate or earthenware ridging in which each member is
formed with projections, such as DX, which enter recesses in the upper edge of the
other member, the respective members engaging with one another in such a manner
that the ridging when completed is rendered secure, substantially as herein
described.
3. In the manufacture of slate ridging, forming a groove (B or B¹) on each side

page_text: of a slab, one groove being near one edge and the other groove near the opposite
edge, splitting the slab from groove to groove, so as to form corresponding pieces,
and removing parts from the thick edge (D) of each in order to admit of the pieces
being interlocked from opposite sides, substantially as herein described.
Dated the 23rd day of November 1893.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
191, Fleet Street, London, E.C., Chartered Patent Agent.