matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Bickle at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1882.
JAMES BICKLE, of 26 Upper Charlton Street, Fitzroy Square, Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY BREAKS,"
The object of my said invention is to provide a brakeblock which will act
partially upon a portion of the periphery of the wheel of a railway carriage and
partially upon the rail upon which the wheel runs, and also to provide suitable
mechanism for supporting the same.
I form brake blocks with two working surfaces, one curved to fit the periphery
of the wheel, & one horizontal & straight to act upon the upper surface of the
rail. The lower, horizontal, portion of the block is also provided with a flange,
the bearing surface and flange being of a similar section to that of the wheel
itself.
When the brake is put into action the curved portion of the brake block
impinges upon a portion of the periphery of the wheel, such portion of the
periphery extending from a point near the rail to about 70 or 80 degrees there-
from, and at the same time the horizontal portion of the brake block impinges upon
the rail itself. This latter portion of the brake block also partially supports that
portion of the carriage and wheel which is immediately above it, relieving the
wheel of some of its pressure, and by its friction with the rail acting also as a skid
brake. The wheel is, by this arrangement allowed sufficient freedom to enable it
to continue to revolve after the brake is applied, until the carriage is brought to a
stand still.
I fit such blocks (by preference) in pairs in such a manner that, whichever way
the carriage may be travelling, two or more of the wheels thereof may have blocks
in front of such wheels, so that, when put into operation the drag of the rail and
also of the wheel will assist the action of the brake block and promote its close
contact with the wheel and rail, and consequently its efficiency.
I also sometimes fit such brake blocks in such a manner that one pair of blocks
will be balanced by another pair upon the same carriage, by means of curved rods
which couple them together, such curved rods being fitted to and working in:

page_text: suitable bearings under the carriage. Each pair of blocks is also firmly united by
distance pieces or rods, to insure simultaneous and united action.
Other means of balancing my said brake blocks may be adopted, such as weigh
bars, or other equivalent devices for reducing friction and labor."
My said improved blocks may be constructed of wood or metal, or of wood and
metal in combination; and they may be actuated by hand, steam, air, vacuum, chain,
'hydraulic, or other suitable means, and such actuating apparatus may be continuous
and automatic or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIRTS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st August 1882. A
communication from Messrs. S. Stern & Sohn of Bielefeld, Germany.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt &
G. W. v. Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil-Engineer of 124, Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin, Germany "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIRTS.' (A communication from Messrs.
S. Stern & Sohn of Bielefeld, Germany.)
"
The fastening of shirts has hitherto been effected either by means of front or side
slits or at the back, in each case however by making use of buttons or studs. Of
all three kinds of slits the side fastening has been found the most convenient and
advantageous, because on the one hand it is not so easy to open and in cold weather
guards against the entrance of draughts of air, on the other hand however it
possessed the advantage as compared with the back slits that it could be ventilated
and in hot weather easily cool the chest.
According to this Invention this side fastening is much improved and the
fastening is effected not by buttons, but by means of stiff flaps or stays which
being flexible or movable are so arranged as to be fitted into pockets which are
made in the shirt. By this means the advantage is obtained that injury to the
shirt by the use of buttons is absolutely avoided and all the disadvantages and
inconveniences connected with the buttoning and unbuttoning are got rid of and
the firmness of the shirt considerably increased.
The side fastenings can be applied to those shirts which are directly provided
with collars as well as to those which have no collars.
A convenient way of carrying the invention into effect is as follows:-The front
of the shirt is provided with a flap or fastening piece corresponding with a pocket
into which the flap is laterally inserted and withdrawn with facility the upper
part of the front may be held by a turn down collar or the fastening and may be
inserted in a pocket or any other collar may be applied according to taste.
This buttonless fastening is exceedingly convenient and durable, keeps away
draughts of air while it on the other hand also allows of ventilation of the shirt.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING COPPER FROM MATT OR • REGULUS CON
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Plaisted, Lord Penzance of 64 Brook Street
Grosvenor Square in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING COPPER FROM MATT OR
•
REGULUS CON-
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Plaisted Lord
Penzance at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st October
1882.
•
JAMES PLAISTED, LORD PENZANCE, of 64 Brook Street Grosvenor Square in
the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING COPPER FROM MATT
OR REGULUS CONTAINING COPPER ADMIXED WITH OTHER METALS
"
This invention has for its object improvements in separating copper from matt
or regulus containing copper admixed with other metals.
The regulus is to be granulated or pulverized and treated with concentrated
sulphuric acid the specific gravity of which does not fall short of the well known
commercial oil of vitriol.
The regulus and acid is to be then submitted to heat in any convenient way
and the operation succeeds best if free access of atmospheric air is permitted-
exposure on heated pans or plates or in appropriate retorts will answer the
purpose.
In a short time fumes of sulphurous acid gas escape and with them a quantity
of free sulphur. These increase and the reactions become more complete as the
operation proceeds and the pulverized mass approaches dryness.
The heat should be continued until the regulus which then appears like a grey
powder is completely dry and until no further films come away.
As there is a
strong tendency in the mass to form into a cake it ought to be constantly stirred
or in some way kept moving during the process.

page_text: This has also the effect of presenting fresh portions of it to the heated surfaces
and favoring the escape of air and the escape of the acid gas.
The mass when cold is treated with water when the copper salt formed in the
process will dissolve with ease.
It is generally the case that one operation does not extract all the copper and
portions of the regulus are found which have never been acted upon. These should
be submitted a second operation of the same kind and so on until all the copper
is extracted.
Although it is essential that the acid should be concentrated as above stated a
weaker acid may be applied in the first instance with success which by heating is
allowed to concentrate itself in contact with the regulus.
The reaction by which the copper is rendered soluble does not take place until
the acid is of sufficient density.
.
The sulphrous acid may be used in the chambers for the manufacture of
sulphuric acid.
The copper may be extracted from the solution obtained as above by precipitation
with iron or other ordinary methods.
I find that the process is more easy and complete if any iron that the regulus
contains is by any suitable process extracted before treating the regulus for copper
as above.
This is particularly true of regulus containing a large quantity of iron.
;
THE PREVENTION OF COLLISIONS BETWEEN VESSELS AT SEA CONSISTING IN AN ANTI- COLLISION MACHINERY
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herman Otto Albert Emil Grünbaum
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April 1882.
HERMAN OTTO ALBERT EMIL GRUNBAUM, Technical Surgeon Dentist of No. 10
Upper William Street, Angel Lane Stratford in the County of Essex THE
PREVENTION OF COLLISIONS BETWEEN VESSELS AT SEA CONSISTING IN AN ANTI-
COLLISION MACHINERY
My aforesaid invention consists in a break of two Collision plates-constructed
of either, iron, steel or other metal, or wood-formed in such shape as the bow of
the vessel may be constructed just below the Waterline and where the break is to
be affixed. These two Collision plates, (one acting on the star board the other on
the lee side of the bow) are united, by means of hinges, to an iron pivot bar,
running in the middle of the bow, moveable at its upper end by a powerful
securely fixed hinge.-The two plates are further supported or propelled by two
connecting levers, each of them moving within a grove situated in the inner side
of each plate and by one connecting link.-Levers and link are united by three
tooth racks, so constructed as to permit being lowered by a strong lever and
thereby acting as puffers, facilitating the backward movement of the racks should
collision occure These three racks run parallel to each other (the middle one
being the strongest) and are driven forward and backward by three respective
wheels i.c. one Cogwheel (for each side rack) and One double tooth, double-
Cogwheel (for the middle rack).-All wheels being united and supported by two
larger manderils and four bearings.-The double tooth, double-Cogwheel, has its
two halves united by a double crank, worked on two separate smaller manderils,
and is in contact with two smaller Cogwheels (one on each side) to drive the two
larger manderils, on either end of which the first named two Cogwheels are
situated. The double Cogwheel is driven by two Cylinders with their respective
pistons and rods, driving in its turn the double crank, situated between the two
halves of the double-Cogwheel.-The two Cylinders constructed for reversable
steam motion are closely joined together and are supported by two bearings.-The
three racks are resting on smooth sliding wheels and the latter half of each rack
permits (square form) the lowering by lever.-The forepart of the racks is round
shaped and slides through watertight constructed apertures in the hull of the
vessel.
The working machinery occupies on the whole but a very moderate space
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR CARRIAGES AND ROAD VEHICLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Nance Kivell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1882.
HENRY NANCE KIVELL of Queen Street Bideford in the County of Devon Coach
Builder "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAKES FOR CARRIAGES AND ROAD VEHICLES
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in brakes for carriages and road
vehicles. I fix a metal hoop upon the inner side of the boss of the wheel to which
the brake is to be applied and over the hoop and around it. I provide a brake
strap or divided ring having an eye at each of its ends. Through one of these
eyes (the lower one) a stud is passed and this stud is fixed into a bracket which is
secured to the axle; it is clamped in the spring block between the axle and the
spring.
The stud also serves as the fulcrum for the brake lever; this lever at a short
distance above the fulcrum is connected by links with the other eye of the brake
strap. Thus when the lever is drawn forward the brake strap is tightened upon
the hoop surrounding the boss of the wheel.
In two wheeled vehicles the brake lever terminates at its upper end in a handle
and when the brake is applied, the lever is retained in place by a fixed rack.
The lever springs in the usual way into the spaces or recesses between the teeth
of the retaining rack.
In a four wheeled vehicle the brake is applied to the hinder wheel and the
brake lever is then connected by a rod with a hand lever at the side of the driving
Beat
A METHOD OF COATING SURFACES OF METALLIC LEAD TO PREVENT OXIDATION AND CORROSION."
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Mangnall at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st October 1882.
JOHN MANGNALL of 17 Piccadilly Manchester, in the County of Lancaster
A METHOD OF COATING SURFACES OF METALLIC LEAD TO PREVENT OXIDATION AND
CORROSION."
The manufactured articles made from metallic Lead are placed in a Chamber and
submitted to the action of super-heated Hydro sulphuric Acid gas or the said
goods may themselves be heated in a suitable furnace or stove and exposed to the
said gas, care being exercised that the Chamber, furnace or stove does not reach in
temperature to the melting point of the metal operated upon.
The gas, chamber, furnace or stove may be constructed and heated by methods
already in use for similar purposes.
Lead piping may be operated upon internally by simply connecting the gas
generator to the piping as it issues from the machine used in its manufacture the
metal being then in a sufficiently heated state to be acted upon by the gas
By these means the metal becomes coated with an insoluble sulphide which
effectually prevents any oxidation or corrosion through natural agencies
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATED WATERPROOF GARMENTS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isidor Frankenburg at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th October 1882.
ISIDOR FRANKENBURG of Salford in the County of Lancaster IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATED WATERPROOF GARMENTS.
My invention is particularly applicable to double texture waterproof garments
the outer part of which is made of ordinary tweed cloth or other fabric and the
inner part of india rubber proofing or other lining impervious to water. I remove
from the coat or garment a portion of the lining and the waterproofing so that air
may pass through the outer portion of the garment and I cover this part with a
patch of the same material but larger than the portion removed and join it to the
waterproof lining (but not to the tweed or fabric) at all sides of the opening except
at the top, and at the upper part I introduce a number of short tubes which allow
the air to pass from the space between the patch and the tweed or outer fabric to
the inside of the coat, and prevent the adinission of water, or instead of the tubes
I plait the upper portion of the patch where it overlaps the waterproof lining so
that air may be admitted without water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CALENDERING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st April 1882. A communication
from abroad by the firm of C. M. Chivalla's Söhne of Vienna in the Austrian
Empire.
"
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane
in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN CALENDERING MACHINES
A communication from abroad by the firm of C. M. Chivalla's Söhne of Vienna
in the Austrian Empire.
This invention relates to an improved construction of friction calendering
machines which is not only of simple and cheaper construction than the machines
at present in use but in which also the speed of the friction rolls can be easily
altered at will so as to vary the proportion of the number of revolutions of the
two rolls as may be required.
י
In calendering machines of present construction the difference of speed between
the two friction rolls is obtained by applying to one of them a third roll, the
pressure of which acts as a brake in retarding the motion of the said roll.
According to the present invention this third roll and the more or less complicated
driving gear for the same, is entirely dispensed with and the difference of speed is
obtained by driving each roll by separate gearing. For this purpose cach roll
carries on its shaft a pulley driven by a belt froin one of two pullies on the mill
shaft, the diameters of the several pullies being so proportioned as to impart to
each roll a different speed, which may be varied at will by changing the pullies.
The difference of speed should generally be from five to twenty per cent., and even
more, in some cases.
Instead of fixing the pullies on the shafts of the rolls, they may be fixed on
separate shafts connected by toothed or frictional gearing with the roll shafts, and
the variation in speed may in this case be obtained by changing such gearing
instead of the driving pullies.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEMORIAL-PLATES FOR TOMBS, ALSO APPLICABLE IN OTHER PLACES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th April 1882. A communication
from abroad by Emile Olive, of Paris, France,
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MEMORIAL-PLATES FOR TOMBS, ALSO APPLICABLE IN OTHER PLACES," A communi-
cation from abroad by Emile Olive, of Paris, France,
This invention consists in an ornamental frame or plate adapted to receive a
photographic or other portrait, and an inscription, in the following manner:
If the portrait-plate is circular a circular border or flange projects over the frame
and is provided with an inside screw thread, while the picture-plate has at its
circumference two lugs which are introduced through diametrically opposite notches
into the screw thread of the flange and then turned round in the latter. If the
portrait plate is oval, the frame has on its front a corresponding flange upon which
the portrait and glass is laid from behind, and a hermetic joint is obtained by sliding
over the aperture a metallic lid lined with indiarubber and held in place by two
angle-plates soldered or cast to the back of the memorial-plate. The memorial-
plate is preferably made of sheet metal painted and varnished, and instead of
securing the portrait-plato direct to the metallic frame as described, the latter may
serve to hold a large plate of cardboard, vulcanite or other material to which the
portrait is secured in the manner described and which also bears an inscription.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO SECTIONAL WARPING OR BEAMING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Rothwell and William
Andrew Rothwell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
28th January 1882.
•
EDWIN ROTHWELL and WILLIAM ANDREW ROTHWELL both of Walkden in the
County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO SECTIONAL WARPING
OR BEAMING MACHINES."
The object of this Invention is certain improvements in what are now known
as sectional warping or beaming machines whereby the first cost of such machines
is considerably reduced and whereby more work can be produced in a given time
and with less wear and tear than has hitherto been practicable.
In carrying out our Invention we employ the usual sectional warping frame but
instead of the ordinary angular creel hitherto employed therowith (which is open
to the objection that the operative cannot see all the bobbins and consequently
some self-stopping mechanism has to be employed and which is further open to the
objection that it takes a long time to effect the creeling operation and to piece an
end when it breaks) we substitute the (by preference) curved or segmental creel
now used with warping mills and instead of passing the ends through so many
reeds and under and over rollers as now practised in sectional machines we simply
pass them through a heck as now used with a warping mill but instead of this
heck having an up and down motion imparted to it we fix the same stationary at
a suitable distance from the warping frame and after passing the ends through the
ordinary eyes of this heck we then pass them through an angular or expansion
reed and then over the measuring roller on to the section.
It will thus be apparent that considerable mechanism, including the self-acting
stopping mechanism is dispensed with in our improved sectional warping or
beaming machine and that as the warp ends pass through fewer obstructions and
this in more direct lines than heretofore that less strain is exerted upon them and
consequently a quicker speed can be maintained-moreover it is found that the
breaking of the ends can be more readily observed and more easily and accessibly
pieced again-whilst the creeling operation is also considerably facilitated for this
sectional warping operation.
Instead of a curved or segmental creel being employed it will be readily
apparent that a straight, obtuse, angled or other suitable form of creel might be
substituted but these we should consider to be simple modifications of our
Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PENCIL CASES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Spear at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd April 1882. A communication from
abroad by G. Benda of Nuernberg, in the Empire of Germany.
נו
JOSEPH SPEAR, of the firm of J. W. Spear and Sons, of Milton Street, in the
county of Middlesex, Manufacturers "IMPROVEMENTS IN PENCIL CASES
[A communication from abroad by G. Benda of Nuernberg, in the Empire of
Germany.]
This invention relates to improvements in that class of pencil cases or holders in
which the lead is propelled forward when required for use by means of a slide
working in a slot in the side of the case or holder, but as the space in the case or
holder in which the lead moves has to be large enough to allow the lead to slide
easily therein it frequently happens that when the pencil is used the lead is pushed
back into the case from the pressure and when the lead is not clipped or held by
the slide it frequently falls from the case or holder.
Now the object of this invention is to obviate these objections and in carrying
out the present improvements, the case or holder is slotted through from side to
side through the greater part of its length from the point downwards, the usual
slide being employed to operate the lead; but the point end of the case or holder
is provided with a suitable spring or spring clip which tends to press the two
divided parts of the case or holder together so that they shall clip or hold the lead
in the position into which it is moved by the slide, whereby the mere act of using
the pencil will not force the lead into the case as hitherto, nor will the lead be free
to fall out of the case or holder,
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR MARKING COURTS OR BOUNDARIES SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR THE GAME OF LAWN-TENNIS.
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George James Piercy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th April 1882.
GEORGE JAMES PIERCY, of Bournemouth, in the County of Hants, Gentleman,
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPLIANCES FOR MARKING COURTS OR BOUNDARIES
SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR THE GAME OF LAWN-TENNIS.
It is usual to mark lawn tennis courts or divisions or boundaries for similar
games by painting or marking in suitable pigment on the ground, either by brush,
revolving rollers or other apparatus, but it is found in practice that the paint soon
becomes effaced and has to be renewed. Now, my invention is designed to provide
means or appliances for rendering such marks, boundary lines or divisions of a
more permanent or lasting character, and at the same time to make them removable
if desired, and further to save time and trouble, and ensure accuracy.
To carry my invention into practice, I employ strips or sections of iron steel or
other metal, to which I secure rivets or spikes by upsetting their heads, or by
screwing or in other suitable manner; or tongues or points may be struck out of
the strip by a die and bent downwards, and the tongue so punched out, or the
strip, or both, may be hardened, if deemed desirable.
I find it advantageous to colour the strips or sections prominently, though they
may be left plain.
These sections or strips are placed in position by their points, tongues, rivets or
screws being inserted and pressed into the ground to be marked, whereby the
boundary is much more clearly indicated to the player or the judge.
It is obvious that such boundary lines can be equally as readily removed when
the ground is no longer required for the purposes of a game, and it will also be
seen that one set of boundary lines can mark courts of different shape (the shape
of such differing according as the game is played under old or new rules) by merely
removing them from one place to another.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL GAS LIGHTING APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Edwin Pattison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th December 1882. Communicated
to him from abroad by William A Drysdale and Charles W. Bailey both of
Philadelphia United States of America
SAMUEL EDWIN PATTISON of the firm of Samuel Buckley and Company of
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Merchants "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL
GAS LIGHTING APPARATUS [Communicated to him from abroad by William A
Drysdale and Charles W. Bailey both of Philadelphia United States of America]
"
The said invention relates to certain improvements in that class of electrical gas
lighting apparatus in which the gas is automatically turned on or off and the gas
ignited by electrical devices. The main objects of the said Invention are to
construct the apparatus so as to ensure the positive opening and closing of the
gas cock prevent the clogging of the said cock and utilize all the power of the
electro magnet together with details of construction
The said invention consists essentially of the following arrangements and com-
binations of parts. First-The combination of the rotary plug of a gas cock with
a permanent magnet directly secured thereto so as to turn therewith and an
electro-magnet adapted to give a partial rotary motion to the said permanent
magnet
Secondly The combination of the electro magnet of an electric gas lighting
apparatus with a gas cock and a permanent magnet embracing the said electro
magnet and secured directly to the plug of the said cock so as to turn therewith
Thirdly The combination of the gas cock and a pendent permanent magnet
directly secured to the plug of the said cock with an electro magnet and an
adjustable bearing for the pivot point of the said plug and magnet
Fourthly The combination of the gas cock and pendent permanent magnet
with an electro magnet an arm a post and adjusting screw
Fifthly The combination of the cock of an electric gas lighting apparatus with
an oil chamber for supplying oil to the plug of the said cock.
Sixthly The combination of an electro magnet and a moveable horse shoe
permanent magnet embracing the coils of the electro magnet with wings connected
to the core of the electro magnet and adapted to act on the legs of the permanent
magnet.
Seventhly The combination of an electro magnet and a permanent horse.shoe
magnet embracing the electro magnet with a vibrating armature having a cross

page_text: piece adapted to strike one or.other leg of the permanent magnet when attracted
by the electro magnet
Eighthly-The combination of an armature and an electro magnet having wings
with a screw for securing the said wings to the core of the magnet and serving at
the same time as a stop for the armature
Ninthly The combination of the gas burner electro magnet armature platinum
points and circuits with an expansion bar and stops each stop being connected
with its circuit and between which the free arm of the expansion bar can move.
Lastly An electrical gas lighting system in which a primary coil and vibrating
sparking points are combined with a secondary coil terminal and circuits
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR USE IN COUPLING AND UNCOUPLING RAILWAY VEHICLES و
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Christopher Braithwaite at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1882.
CHARLES CHRISTOPHER BRAITHWAITE of 35 King William Street in the City of
London, Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR USE IN COUPLING AND
UNCOUPLING RAILWAY VEHICLES
و"
My invention relates to that class of apparatus used in coupling in which a shaft,
arm, or lever is provided with a device whereby the last link of a coupling chain
attached to one vehicle may be grasped and passed over the hook of an adjoining
vehicle, or may be lifted therefrom.
According to my invention I form the said device with two members, one of
these when my apparatus is in use, is applied to the back or underside of the
coupling link that has to be engaged or disengaged at a point between its
extremities, and the other member is applied to that part of the coupling link
which lies within the preceding link. It is usually advantageous to provide the
first named member with one or more guides or fingers which may enter between the
two bars of the loop or extend outside them or lie partly between and partly
outside.
These guides or fingers are made double to render this device both right and left
handed and serve to prevent the link slipping off the apparatus in the event of its
being not fairly grasped, they also increase the ease and speed with which coupling
or uncoupling can be effected; they can be arranged in various ways or may in
some cases be dispensed with.
The second member above mentioned I furnish with a clasp, bar, hook, or recess
which bears upon one end of the link, and I provide a depression, guide, or stop
that leads the device into position so that it obtains a firm hold of the link, and
retains it while being moved. A leading point on the second member facilitates
its insertion into the preceding link.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RESERVOIR PENHOLDERS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gibbard Richard Hughes, of 2, Elm Row, Hampstead,
in the County of Middlesex, and Thomas Carwardine, of 6, Rudall Crescent,
Hampstead aforesaid, for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RESERVOIR
PENHOLDERS."
ww Two of the Deers tent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gibbard Richard Hughes
& Thomas Carwardine at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
10th March 1882.
GIBBARD RICHARD HUGHES of 2 Elm Row Hampstead in the County of
Middlesex, and THOMAS CARWARDINE of 6 Rudall Crescent Hampstead aforesaid,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RESERVOIR PENHOLDERS'
"
In the manufacture of Reservoir Penholders, one end of the body or barrel of it
is formed to receive the pen, which at the part fitting to that end of the body or
barrel is of a cylindrical or other suitable form. Within the pen we apply a bag
formed of thin indiarubber or other suitable material. The open end of this bag
opens into the body or barrel and may be turned over the upper edge of the pen
when that portion of the pen is cylindrical or it may be otherwise applied so as to
communicate with and receive ink direct from the body or barrel of the holder
whilst at the outer, or near the extreme lower part thereof the point of the pen is
passed through the lower part of the bag so as thereby to supply ink to the interior
of the point or nib of the pen.
In the use of the pen the separation of the two points of it admits of the flow or
supply of ink from the body or barrel through the bag as required to the point or
nib. The opposite or upper end of the body or barrel is closed by a plug which is
perforated by a small air hole and is according to one arrangement provided with
a short fine tube. The inner end of this tube opens into a funnel shaped chamber
communicating with another fine tube which extends down the body or barrel to
near the upper end of the pen.

page_text: By another arrangement the small inner tube extends from the hole in the outer
end or plug of the body or barrel to near the upper part of the pen and at this end
as well as at a short distance therefrom it is contracted a little.
By another arrangement the small tube is enclosed in another small tube some-
what larger than the first, each tube at the inner end has a small hole drilled through
it for the admission of air.
By each of these means whilst air is admitted in sufficient quantity to admit of
the ink flowing when the pen is in use the ink is prevented from escaping into the
pocket or otherwise when not in use.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR FIXING SWORDS AND OTHER SIDE ARMS IN THE " SHEATH
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November 1882. A communication
to him from abroad by Alexander Coppel of Solingen Germany.
PETER JENSEN of 33 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPLIANCES FOR FIXING SWORDS AND OTHER SIDE ARMS IN THE
"
SHEATH communicated to him from abroad by Alexander Coppel of Solingen
Germany.
This invention refers to the arrangement of a spring catch for connecting the blade
of a sword or other side arm with the sheath. Heretofore in order to prevent the
blade from falling out of the sheath the latter has been provided with two springs
which press the blade between them with the view of holding it fast by friction.
But these springs soon wear out if they are not made so very hard as to damage
the blade, hence the blade of the sword will especially when used on horseback
work up and down and sometimes fall out of the sheath. Similarly the man often
loses the blade in runnng on foot or it may at least get so far out of the sheath
that he is obliged to stick it in again and is thus hindered in his movements.
According to this invention the blade is provided with a spring on one side;
this spring has a catch which when the sword is stuck right into the sheath catches
against the inner projecting edge at the top of the sheath; the spring has also a
knob or part which if pressed on releases the catch and allows the blade to be
drawn out of the sheath. Or the spring may be put on the hilt instead of on the
blade. Or the sheath may be formed with a spring having a catch which takes
over a projection in or on the hilt or blade or guard, and provided also with a knob
protruding through the sheath,
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF STREET RAILWAYS OR TRAMWAYS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Carl Glaser at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1882. A communication
from the Bochumer Vereins für Bergbau and Gussstahlfabrikation (The
Bochum Association for Mining and the Manufacture of Cast Steel) of
Bochum, Westphalia, Germany,
"
FRIEDRICH CARL GLASER, of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire
of Germany, Engineer and Patent Solicitor, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT
WAY OF STREET RAILWAYS OR TRAMWAYS A Communication from the Bochumer
Vereins für Bergbau and Gussstahlfabrikation (The Bochum Association for
Mining and the Manufacture of Cast Steel) of Bochum, Westphalia, Germany,
This Invention relates to improvements in the Permanent Way of Street
Railways or Tramways laid with longitudinal sleepers.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings:-Figure 1 shows an application of
this Invention particularly adapted for unpaved Streets or roads and Figure 2 an
application more particularly suitable for paved Streets or Roads.
In this improved method of construction the permanent way consists of a double
headed Ushaped rail A, produced by rolling, the feet of which embrace in its
whole length a box shaped longitudinal sleeper B. The connection of the two
parts is effected by a through screw bolt C, the head and nut of which so lie under
the rail heads that both are entirely covered. The double rail rests firmly on the
upper surface of the box sleeper, whilst a small free space remains for play between
the feet and the rectangular projecting portion of the longitudinal Sleeper.
The form of the rail, whereby the connecting bolt is completely covered so that
the paving on being applied in the ordinary way of applying stone paving may be
carried right up to the track, is novel, and further the rail may be replaced, or, by
reason of its double head, turned round, without raising the sleeper.
The cross connection and fixing of the gauge of the two rails is effected by a flat
slotted iron plate D standing vertically, into which pass the feet or wing of the
sleeper. The attachment of this in the recesses is accomplished by a stop piece E
or F, made of bent plate, which is drawn hard up against one of the Sleeper feet
and fastened on at the inside of the sleeper at F, or sidewise at E, by means of a
split key G
THE IMPROVEMENT IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF BOAT ACCIDENTS This
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herrman Otto Albert Emil Grünbaumı
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1882.
HERRMAN OTTO ALBERT EMIL GRUNBAUM Technical Surgeon Dentist of
No. 10 Upper William Street, Angel Lane Stratford in the County of Essex
THE IMPROVEMENT IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF BOAT
ACCIDENTS
This Safety Oar mechanism is designed as a means for the greater safety of
inexperienced persons while enjoying the healthful pastime of rowing, and consists
in two or more mechanical oars made of wood or metal, the upper ends of which
are coupled together by means of a bar, constructed of two halves, which are
formed into one bar by means of a sliding tube of metal in order to permit the use
of the oars of one side of the boat separately, if required. These oars are affixed
in a vertical position outside of the boat by means of iron pins screwed into
respective nuts. The lower or paddling end of each of the oars consists of two
blades, either of suitable metal or wood, working on inches and are affixed to an
iron rod which is screwed into the wooden oar below the centre lever point.
These two paddling blades open and shut on the principle of the feet of the
swimming waterbird. An extra conical or featheredged staff is situated in front
of the paddling blades, for the purpose of cutting the water more easily and to
support the blades rod. For the support as well as protection of the entire oars, an
outrigger is situated along the whole upper rim, so called gunnel, and on the
outside length of the boat, constructed in sections and in form of airtight boxes or
tubes made either of wood or metal, between which sections these oars are
situated and worked backwards and forwards. This simple mechanism can be
adjusted to any craft now in use, the advantage thereof will be greater speed
with less labour and perfect safety as going hand in hand.
AN IMPROVED FIRE PROOF SCREEN OR SHUTTER FOR SEPARATING THE STAGE FROM THE AUDITORIUM OF THEATRES, TOGETHER WITH MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR WORKING THE SAME
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Clark at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th June 1882.
ALEXANDER CLARK of Lancaster Gate in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman.
"AN IMPROVED FIRE PROOF SCREEN OR SHUTTER FOR SEPARATING THE STAGE
FROM THE AUDITORIUM OF THEATRES, TOGETHER WITH MEANS AND APPARATUS
FOR WORKING THE SAME."
My Invention consists in an improved proscenium screen or shutter for separating
the stage from the auditorium of a theatre in case of fire and in the means and
apparatus for working the same whereby its immediate availability in case of
need is ensured.
The screen or shutter is a rigid structure arranged to slide up and down in
guides in the aperture of the proscenium wall which it completely closes when
lowered and it is constructed of iron or steel plates rivetted to suitable angle iron
fraines or ribs and is suitably trussed or strutted if necessary to give it the
necessary rigidity and prevent buckling. It is preferably constructed double with
a sufficient air-space between the two skins to prevent the rapid transmission of
heat, or the intervening space may be filled with water or packed with a non-
conductor of heat or with a suitable fire extinguishing compound. This screen or
shutter is to be sufficiently counterbalanced by suitable weights to enable it to be
raised without too great an expenditure of power, but the weight of the screen
must preponderate sufficiently to ensure the automatic closure of the screen in case
of need. The framing of the screen is attached to a transverse girder at the upper
part whose ends project at the sides and rest on the rams of hydraulic lifts, by
which the unbalanced weight of the screen is supported and by which it is raised
and its descent controlled.
The cylinders of these hydraulic lifts stand at the wings of the stage and are
equal in height to the whole vertical motion of the screen, their rams being of
course of corresponding length. The cylinders are charged with water under
adequate pressure from a suitable source and under tho control of valves worked
Di 11

page_text: from any convenient point, the escape of the water regulating the descent of the
screen.
Instead of counter balancing the screen by merc weights, I may arrange another
screen similar to that above described to work beneath the stage and make the
one partly counterbalance the other, the one rising as the other descends, and
meeting at the level of the stage, the raising and lowering of the two screens being
controlled by hydraulic power as before..
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER BY THE RISE AND FALL OF TIDE
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John George Parker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1882.
JOHN GEORGE PARKER of Plymouth in the County of Devon Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER BY THE RISE AND
FALL OF TIDE,"
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for obtaining motive
power by the rise and fall of tide.
For this purpose I use old men of war or other suitable vessels or pontoons.
I construct docks to receive the said vessels or pontoons. The tidal water has
ingress and egress to and from the dock and the flow is regulated by lattice bars
or sluices. The vessel or pontoon in its rise and fall with the tide is controlled by
guides in and upon the dock walls. There are also recesses in the sides of the .
dock, in which is arranged the gearing for the transmission of the power. Several
sets of gear are provided, say six, three on either side of the vessel or pontoon.
Each set of gearing comprises an endless chain passing over a chain wheel at the
top, and a guide pulley at its lower part. There are clips upon the vessel or
pontoon which at the time when the tide is high are made to lay hold of the chain
and as the tide falls that part of the chain which is clipped or held is drawn down
and a rotary motion is imparted to the chain wheel. Similarly when the tide
is low other clips are made to lay hold of that part of the chain which is on the
other side of the chain wheel so that the rise of the tide also produces rotation of
the chain wheel and that in the same direction as the rotation caused by the fall
of the tide.
The chain wheel is so constructed that half its periphery is made to receive the
chain. the other half is provided with cog's which fit a cog pinion fixed on the axis
of another cog spur wheel and this drives another spur wheel on an intermediate
axis.
The intermediate axis also has a pinion upon it driving a spur wheel upon a
second intermediate axis, and so on, until the speed is accelerated as much as may
-be-required.-
IMPROVEMENTS IN PURSES FOR HOLDING MONEY TOBACCO AND OTHER ARTICLES AND IN LOCKS THEREFOR WHICH LOCKS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURSES PORTFOLIOS POCKET BOOHS AND LIKE RECEPTACLES
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Macaulay-Cruikshank at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1882.
Communicated to me from abroad by Fredrich Wilhelm Schwarz of Offenbach
on the Main in the Empire of Germany.
GEORGE MACAULAY-CRUIKSHANK of 135 Buchanan Street Glasgow in the County
of Lanark North Britain Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PURSES FOR HOLDING MONEY TOBACCO AND OTHER ARTICLES AND IN LOCKS
THEREFOR WHICH LOCKS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURSES PORTFOLIOS
POCKET BOOHS AND LIKE RECEPTACLES A communication to me from abroad by
Friedrich Wilhelm Schwarz of Offenbach on the Main in the Empire of Germany;
"
This Invention which relates to improvements in purses for holding money
tobacco and other articles has for its object to construct such purses from one piece
of leather or analogous material and without a seam the purse being also furnished
with a lock
The piece of leather or other material is passed through an apparatus whereby it
is made into a round or oval bag shape and the edge is then pressed into a frame
and clenched or corded: An arched cover of metal wood or equivalent material is
fastened to the frame by a hinge and opposite the hinge a lock is fastened: The
space caused by the arch of the cover is closed by an inner lock plate and is intended
to enclose the money or other articles. The lock is opened by drawing out a button
or stud which permits the inner lock plate to be jerked or forced up by means of a
spring fastened to the hinge.
The shape of the purse as well as the cover lock affords a complete view of the
contents when open and the space occupied by the purse is the smallest possible
relatively with purses capable of holding equal contents
Another arrangement of look for purses construoted as hereinbefore described
consists of a base plate carrying a button or pin which is situated between the said
plate and the cover plate of the lock. The pin is hollow and serves for the reception
of a small cylinder which is placed loosely therein.
In conjunction with the base plate a bolt is provided which has an opening
corresponding to the hollow space in the pin or button. When the lock is closed the
cylinder is situated partly in the pin or button and partly in the hole in the bolt.
•

page_text: To open the lock the purse or other receptacle is turned upside downwards, the
cylinder then sinks from the hole in the bolt into the hollow pin or button
thereby enabling the bolt to be drawn out until a catch on its outer end is free
from the cover plate, stops being made on the bolt to prevent its being drawn out
too far.
To lock the purse the bolt is pushed inwards until the hole in it is opposite the
hollow pin when the cylinder falls partly into the said hole.
The improved lock above described is also applicable to pocket books portfolios
purses of other construction and like receptacles
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC BOXES OR CASES
Year: 1882

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Stanislaus Rossé at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1882.
STANISLAUS ROSSE of Brixton in the County of Surrey, Mechanical Draughtsman
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC BOXES OR CASES
"
The object of this Invention is to produce a metallic box or case for the
reception of matches and other articles in a more economical manner than
heretofore.
To this end I cut or stamp out from a sheet of metal a strip of the length
required to make the box or case having on either side an oval projecting wing or
flap. These wings are say about half the depth of the strip and are intended to
form the ends of the box or case for which purpose they are bent inwards or at
right angles to the strip of metal. The strip of metal is then bent round the oval
ends so as to form in cross section an oval box or case.
To fill the box or case one end is partly turned back and when the matches or
other articles are inserted the end is closed.
To allow for withdrawing, say, a match I remove from either end of the strip a
semicircular portion of sufficient size to permit when the two ends of the strip are
brought together of the insertion of the end of the first finger and thumb.
The box is then turned so that the matches in the box will lie across the opening
thus formed and a match being seized by the finger and thumb is withdrawn
through the unsoldered ends of the strip which will give sufficiently to allow the
match to pass, springing back when the match is withdrawn.
By constructing metallic boxes or cases in this manner the inconvenience caused
by the angles of a square or rectangular box is avoided.