IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FUR- FA
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jonathan Amory, of Boston, United States
of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES."
Sealed the 3rd November 1858, and dated the 9th September 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jonathan Amory at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th September 1853.
1, JONATHAN AMORY, of Boston, United States of America, do hereby
declare that the nature of my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUR-
FACES" to be as follows:-
The improvements consist in an arrangement for economizing the
amount of fuel consumed in heating steam boilers, for which Letters
Patent were granted to Henry F. Baker, 22nd December 1847, and
which have been assigned to ine, and the present improvements consist
of supplying the fire with heated air instead of cold air, this desideratum
being effected by forming a communicati. n between the underside of

page_text: the fire chamber and the cold external air by means of a pipe which is
kept hot by the same heat that acts upon the boilers, and through
which pipe the cold air passes and becomes heated before it reaches the
fire. By this arrangement the fire is supplied with hot instead of cold
air, thereby rendering the combustion of the fuel more perfect and
economical.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Jonathan Amory in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 27th January 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JONATHAN AMORY, of Boston, United States of America, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Jonathan Amory, Her special
licence that I, the said Jonathan Amory, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Jonathan Amory, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Jonathan Amory, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jonathan Amory, do hereby de-
clare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof (that is to say):
My improvements are designed for the purpose of effecting a saving
in the quantity of fuel consumed in heating locomotive, marine, and
other steam boilers, and are more particularly applicable to "Baker's
steam boiler furnace," so called. This desideratum of economizing the
fuel is effected by supplying the fire with hot air instead of cold air,
thereby rendering the combustion of fuel more uniform and perfect. In
"Baker's furnace," as is well known, the unconsumed gasses and other
volatile products which emanate from the fuel are retarded in their
passage to the chimney or delivering flue by a series of reverberating
chambers of semi-elliptical form leading from the fire-place through
which the said products are circulated, and retained long enough to
exhaust their heat, deliver the same to the boiler, and ensure their per-
fect combustion before they are permitted to escape. The passages or
chambers under the boiler are thus kept constantly heated, and it is by
taking advantage of this circumstance that I am enabled to convey hot
air instead of cold air to the burning fuel. My improvements are re-
presented in the accompanying Drawings, of which Fig. 1, is a central
longitudinal vertical section of one of "Baker's furnaces," with my
additions thereto, and Fig. 2, a transverse vertical section of the same
taken through the firo chamber. a, a, in the said Drawings represents
a steam boiler; b, b, the fire chamber under one end of the same; and
c, c, the ash pit; d, d, &c., are a series of reverberatory chambers of a
curved or semi-ellipticall form communicating with the fire chamber b, b,
and formed by the fire bridges e, e, &c. These chambers d, d, also
communicate by means of the spaces f, f. with a series of ovens 9, 9,
under the fire bridge e, e. The smoke, gasses. and other volatile pro-
ducts which escape from the fuel pass from the fire chamber through
the throat formed between each fire bridge e, e, and the bottom of the
boiler into the chambers d, d, and by the peculiar form of these cham-
bers are made to revolve and circulate in the same till they are entirely
consumed and their heat delivered to the boilers. Thus it will be seen
that the ovens g. 9, which communicate with the chambers d, d, by

page_text: the passages or spaces.f, f; and supply oxygen to the chambers d; di
are kept constantly hot. In order to make use of this heat-in the
ovens. g, g, I insert near the bottom of the same and through the fire
bridges é, e, a pipe or tube h, h, one end of which pässes into the ash
pit c, c, (kept tightly closed,) under the fire chamber b, b. The other
end enters into an air chamber or passage i, which leads into the open
air. The cold air which thus enters the pipe h; h, through the cham-
beri, becomes gradually heated by passing through the said pipe,
which is kept- hot by the circulation of the heated currents in the
ovens 9, 9, and passes directly into the ash pit c, c, whence it passes up
through the grate k, k, to the fuel, thus supplying hot air to the fire
chamber b, b, and ensuring a more perfect combustion, and consequently
requiring less fuel, as will readily be understood without further sugges
tions. It will be seen from the foregoing description that the pipe h, h,
is kept hot, not by supplying to it heat produced by extraneous means,
but simply by the heat already produced in the ovens from the main
fire chamber b, b, and that consequently hot air is supplied to the fuel
in an exceedingly simple and efficacious manner, while the pipe h, h,
and the air which enters the same gradually increases in heat as it
approaches towards the fire chamber. The pipe h, h, may extend only
through a few of the ovens g, g, or may be extended through the whole
series, as shown at 1, 2, or even extended through the whole length of
the furnace, as shown at m, m. In Fig. 2, a series of boilers a, a, a,
are represented with three pipes h, h, h, leading into the ash pit, show-
ing, as will readily be understood, that any number of conducting pipes
may be used, and applied to any number of boilers. The heating
apparatus, as above described, is represented as placed under the boiler,
but it will be evident that instead of being so arranged, the whole
series of reverberatory chambers, ovens, &c., with the pipe h, h,
attached, can be placed within and encased by the boiler.
What I claim is, the combination with "Baker's furnace," so called,
or a furnace constructed with reverberatory chambers with a series of
ovens under them, of a pipe or pipes, one end of which communicates
with the ash pit- under the main fire chamber, and the other end with

page_text: a cold air chamber or the external atmosphere, and passes through the
heated ovens or chambers formed under the boiler or boilers, whereby
I am enabled to supply hot air to the fuel, as above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jonathan Amory, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, the Twentieth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
threa
Witness,
EZRA LINCOLN,
4, Court St.,
Boston.
JONATHAN AMORY. (L.B.)