Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 16th Jan., 1888.
Complete Accepted, 29th Mar., 1888
We, HUBERT RIELLE and EUGÈNE RIELLE of St. Dié (Vosges) in the Republic of
France, Saw mill proprietors, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Wooden pegs for scarfing purposes have hitherto been made by hand, and require
skilled and costly labour. Besides, they never entirely have the desired evenness,
owing to the difficulties presented by this mode of manufacture.
To avoid these inconveniences, we have sought to combine a simple and inexpensive
machine possessing properties suitable for doing the work evenly and rapidly. We
have produced a machine that can be supplied to even the smallest workshop, for
everywhere it will be called upon to render great service.
The difficulty, we experienced was to find a system, for making the peg smaller at
one end than at the other. This difficulty overcome, it was equally necessary to find
another system by which the peg, if desired, might be made of a slightly rectangular
section in place of being completely square, as the rectangular form is indispensable
for the wood, to avoid splitting it when the peg is being driven in. All workpeople
know this, but as they consider the time spent on the manufacture of the peg as lost,
this work is almost always negligently done, and rarely possesses the necessary
qualities.
With our machine the pegs may be made of any form or dimension, as large at one
end as at the other, or pointed at will, they may be made square or rectangular as
needed.

page_text: The parts constituting the machine are as follows:-
Lateral knives, projections cast with the frame, plate fixed to the projections, frame
or table of the machine, guides for the knives, knife rests, counterweighted catches
fastened to the operating lever, ratchet wheel keyed on the axis of the operating lever,
movable stop for the peg, third knife for forming the pegs by a single blow of the
lever, adjustable table regulating the thickness and the slope of the pegs, when being
formed by a single blow of the lever, concentric screws with tightening nuts, having
ears, for raising or lowering at will the table, and moving a plate fixed to the frame
by means of the projections, operating lever, arms close to the lever and to the knives,
cam keyed on the axis of the ratchet wheel and actuating the lever. Ribbed guides
cast with the knife guides and preventing the knives from swerving, fixed stop for the
peg, adjustable stop preventing the peg from rising where it is not between the knives,
spring lever worked by the cain and on which is fixed the adjustable stop for the peg,
screw serving to neutralize, if needed, the action of the lever.
This machine can, according to the nature of the wood used, make the
pegs, either
in one, or in two movements, each movement corresponding to a reciprocation of the
lever, in the latter case, the upper knife is not used.
We will at first examine the mode of procedure for manufacturing a peg by two
movements.
To regulate the apparatus it is sufficient to loosen the nuts of the guides that hold
the knife rests and to place these at the required distance according to the required
size of the cross section of the pegs; this operation performed the nuts are again
tightened. This work only requires a few minutes. If the pegs are to be of a square
section in place of a rectangular one, the screw is tightened which will press against
the lever, and prevent it from rising. This movement being thus arrested, the second
stop for the pegs no longer acts and it remains immovable. Under these conditions,
the two movements each forming the two opposite faces of the peg are identical and
the peg
is square.
In the contrary case when the lever is allowed its full liberty, the
movable stop owing to the action of the cam and of the ratchet wheel is placed at one
of the movements merely before the fixed stop, the peg at this movement owing to
the angle formed by the knives will be cut larger than at the preceding movement,
and will consequently be of rectangular section.
As is evident, this machine can be worked either by a man without any skilled
knowledge, by a woman, or even by a child, and by hand, and can easily make
500 pegs per hour, the wood being cut. up, and all the pegs will be evenly made. A
workman even only knowing how to handle a plane, could only make a hundred in
the same space of time, and they would be more or less even for the reason given
above.
The peg is made, by two blows of the lever; at the first blow the two opposite sides
are planed, the second blow performs the same operation on the two other sides.
When the peg, is to be made rectangular, the second blow of the lever by means of
the ratchet placed under the table causes a second stop to rise about a centimetre in
advance of that which is destined to receive the small end of the peg. This side
naturally becomes then larger than the other.
When the wood employed is very favorable, and that of the four faces, one at least
is perfectly straight, the pegs may be made by a single blow of the lever; but then
three sides only are planed. In order to make this third side, a third knife is used
fixed by means of two screws, either on the right or on the left knife, in such manner
as to cover these two lateral knives. The third knife is placed horizontally and acts
with the others.
When the peg is thus made by a single blow of the lever, in order to obtain the
thickness and the slope which is to be given to the peg, the movable board is raised at
will by means of two screws with lugged nuts placed on the table. The support can
then be elevated obliquely, so as to make the peg with the shape of a pyramidal trunk
in all directions.
By the employment of the third knife the turn-out is about six to eight hundred

page_text: pegs per hour. The machine may be worked without distinction by hand or by a
motor.
The movement actuating the knives may be obtained either by an eccentric, or by
means of a gearing placed under the table, or by a pulley, if a motor be employed; or
by a lever only, if the work is done by hand.
The pegs may also be supplied to the machine and removed, when made, by an
automatic system.
Date : 1hil 1.
11007
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Manufacturing Pegs for Joining together
Joinery, Carpentry, Cabinet Work, Cartwrights' Work, and the
like.
:
We, HUBERT RIELLE and EUGÈNE RIELLE of St. Dié (Vosges) in the Republic of
France, Saw mill Proprietors, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Wooden pegs for scarfing purposes have hitherto been made by hand, and require
skilled and costly labour. Besides, they never entirely have the desired evenness,
owing to the difficulties presented by this mode of manufacture.
To avoid these inconveniences, we have endeavoured to construct a simple and
inexpensive machine possessing properties suitable for doing the work evenly and
rapidly. We have produced a machine with which even the smallest workshop can be
supplied as it will everywhere be capable of rendering great service.
The difficulty we experienced was to find a means for making the peg smaller at
one end than at the other. This difficulty having been overcome, it was equally
necessary to find another method by which the peg, if desired, might be made of a
slightly rectangular section, in place of being completely square, as the rectangular
form is indispensable to avoid splitting the wood, when the peg is being driven in.
Every artisan knows this, but as the time spent on the manufacture of the peg is
considered as lost, this work is almost always negligently done, and rarely possesses
the necessary qualities.

page_text: Pogs may wo
at one end as at the other, or pointed at will, or they may be made square or
rectangular as required.
We have annexed to this specification a drawing explanatory of our machine, and
by which its principles will be fully understood.
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section.
Figure 2, a plan view.
Figure 3, is a vertical transverse section on the axis of the lever.
Figure 4, is a vertical transverse section of the support for the pin at work.
Figure 5, is a plan view seen from below.
The various parts constituting the machine are represented on the drawing by
letters, as follows:-
A, lateral knives: B, projections cast with the frame D: C, plate fixed to the
projections B: D, frame or table of the machine: E, guides for the knives A:
F, knife rests: G, counterweighted catches fastened to the operating lever M:
H, ratchet wheel keyed on the axis of the operating lever M: I, movable stop for the
peg whilst being made: J, third knife for forming the pegs by a single stroke of the
lever M: K, adjustable table regulating the thickness and the taper of the pegs, when
being formed by a single stroke of the lever M. I, concentric screws, provided with
winged lock nuts, for raising or lowering at will the table K, the said screws passing
through a plate C fixed to the frame D by means of the projections B. M, operating
lever. N, arms close to the lever and to the knives: 0, cam keyed on the axis of the
ratchet wheel H, and actuating the lever S. P, ribbed guides cast with the knife
guides E, and preventing the knives from swerving.
Q, fixed stop for the peg. R, adjustable stop preventing the peg from rising during
the backward movement of the knives. S, spring lever worked by the cam O, and on
which is fixed the adjustable stop I. T, screw serving, if necessary, to neutralize the
action of the lever S.
This machine can, according to the nature of the wood used, make the pegs either
by one or in two movements, each movement corresponding to a reciprocation of the
lever M; in the latter case, the upper knife J is not used.
We will first examine the mode of procedure for manufacturing a peg by two
movements.
To adjust the apparatus it is sufficient to loosen the nuts of the guides E that hold
the knife rest F in position, and to place the latter at the required distance apart,
according to the size of the cross section of the pegs required; this operation
performed, the nuts are again tightened. This adjustment only occupies a few
minutes. If the pegs are to be of a square section in place of a rectangular one the
screw T is tightened, so that it will press against the lever S and prevent it from
rising. This movement being thus prevented, the second movable peg stop I no
longer acts, and so remains immovable.
Under these conditions, the two movements each forming two opposite faces of the
peg are identical, and the peg is square.
On the contrary, when the lever S is allowed its full liberty, the movable stop I,
(owing to the action of the cam O and of the ratchet wheel H), is only placed before
the fixed stop Q at one of the movements of the lever M. The peg, during this
movement, will, owing to the angle formed by the knives A, be cut larger than
during the preceding movement, and will consequently be of rectangular section.
It is evident that this machine can be worked by hand, without any skilled
knowledge, either by a man or woman, or even by a child, and it can easily make
500 pegs per hour (the wood being cut ready), and all the pegs will be evenly made.
A workman, knowing how to handle a plane, could only make a hundred in the same
time, and they would vary in regularity for the reason given above.
The peg is made by two strokes of the lever. At the first stroke, the two opposite.
sides are planed, and the second stroke performs the same operation on the other
sides. When the peg is to be made rectangular the second stroke of the lever, by.

page_text: means of the ratchet H placed under the table, causes a second stop I to rise about a
centimetre in advance of that which is destined to receive the small end of the peg.
This side is then naturally larger than the other.
When the wood employed is of a very suitable quality, and when one at least of the
four faces is perfectly straight, the pegs may be made by a single stroke of the lever.
In this case three sides only are planed. In order to plane this third side, a third
knife J is used, fixed, by means of two screws, either on the right or on the left knife,
in such manner as to cover these two lateral knives. The third knife J is placed
horizontally, and acts with the others.
When the peg is thus made by a single stroke of the lever, in order to obtain the
thickness and the slope which is to be given to the peg, the movable board K is raised
as required, by means of two screws L with winged nuts placed under the table. The
support K can then be elevated obliquely so as to form the peg in the shape of a
pyramidal trunk in every direction.
By the employment of the third knife J, the turn out is about six to eight hundred
pegs per hour. The machine may be worked equally well either by hand or by a
motor.
If a motor be employed, the movement for actuating the knives may be obtained,
either by an eccentric, or by means of gearing placed under the table, or by a pulley.
If the work is done by hand this movement may be obtained by a lever only.
The rough pegs may also be supplied to the machine and removed therefrom when
made, by an automatic device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion,. and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. A machine for making wooden scarfing pegs, consisting essentially of the
following parts or combinations:-
:-
(a) A table D, on which are two knife rests F guided in slides E, in such manner
as to form a definite angle with each other, and be capable of receiving, (by
motive power or by hand) either an advancing or receding movement.
(b) A support K placed below the said knives for the pieces of wood to be made
into pegs, the said support being capable of being raised or lowered.
(c) A fixed stop Q and movable one I, placed at one end of the knives and moved
by a spring lever S, controlled by a cam O, the said support I being capable
either of being set in motion, or of being held stationary according as
rectangular or square pegs are required to be cut, substantially as described.
2nd. In a machine for making wooden scarfing pegs, the arrangement of a third
knife J fixed above the two knives A, A, and moving with them so as to make a peg
at a single blow instead of at two blows, the whole arranged substantially as described
and shown.
Dated this 11th day of Jan 1888