IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTORS WORKED BY COMBUSTIBLE GAS OR VAPOUR
Year: 1884

page_text: I, ELLIS BUTTERWORTH of Calder Cottage Rochdale in the county of Lancaster
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOTORS WORKED BY COMBUSTIBLE GAS OR VAPOUR to be as follows:-
I form or fix on that side of the piston on which the charge is admitted to the
cylinder a continuation or projection, and through or between this continuation or
projection, admit the charge into the cylinder, or instead of the continuation or
projection, a hole or holes may be made through the piston to admit the charge
into the cylinder, and before the charge is ignited, I cut off the admission of the
charge into the cylinder, by means of the piston, or the continuation or projection,
and by this means, when the charge is ignited the clacks or valves through which
the gas and air pass to the cylinder are not banged on to their seats.
Through the piston or through or between a continuation or projection, or part
or parts that are connected or fastened to the piston I make a hole or port which
as the piston slides along comes opposite a hole or, port through the cylinder and
thus opens up a communication between the igniting light outside the cylinder and
the charge in the cylinder and immediately it has done so, the hole in or connected
to the piston passes the hole in the cylinder and thus cuts off communication with
the igniting light.
To connect the connecting rod to the piston, piston rod or slide, I propose to
have formed on, or attached to the end of the connecting rod, a hollowed or
A shaped groove, and into this hollowed or A shaped groove is fitted a wedge
shaped, or rounded, or pointed projection, that is fast to the piston, piston rod, or
slide but so as to allow the connecting rod to oscillate as required, and the two are
kept in contact by a spring or springs or other, means, I propose to use a spring
or springs to take up the wear or play in the connecting joint by which the
connecting rod is attached to the piston, piston rod or slide in whatever way the
connection or joint may be made. Instead of the hollowed or A shaped groove
being on or attached to the end of the connecting rod the wedge shaped or rounded
or pointed projection. might be on or attached to it and the hollowed or A shaped

page_text: groove be on or attached to the piston. When the connecting rod is connected to
the piston without the intervention of a piston rod I propose on that side of the
piston on which the explosion takes place to make the piston so that it covers
more of the side of the cylinder that is next to the crank pin when the explosion
takes place and thus the force of the explosion tends to prevent the connecting rod
pushing the piston against the side of the cylinder. On the piston I propose to
mount rings or segments of anti-friction metal or in which anti-friction material
such as plumbago &c has been inserted, which are pressed against the cylinder by
springs or other means, by this means oil or other lubricant which is liable to be
decomposed by the heat in the cylinder may be dispensed with.

page_text: I. ELLIS BUTTERWORTH of Calder, Cottage Rochdale in the county of Lancaster
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOTORS WORKED BY COMBUSTIBLE GAS OR VAPOUR and in what manner the samo
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
I form or fix on that side of the piston on which the charge is admitted to the
cylinder, a continuation or projection, and through or between this continuation or
projection, admit the charge into the cylinder, or instead of the continuation or
projection, a hole or holes may be made through the piston, to admit the charge
into the cylinder, and before the charge is ignited, I cut off the admission of the
charge into the cylinder, by means of the piston, or the continuation or projection,
and by this means the clacks or valves, through which the gas and air pass to the
cylinder are not banged on to their seats.
Through the piston or through or between a continuation or projection, or part
or parts that are connected or fastened to the piston, I make a hole or port, which
as the piston slides along, comes opposite a hole or port through the cylinder, and
thus opens up a communication between the igniting light outside the cylinder and
the charge in the cylinder and immediately it has done so, the hole in or connected
to the piston, passes the hole in the cylinder, and thus cuts off communication with
the igniting light.
To connect the connecting rod to the piston, piston rod or slide I propose to
have formed on, or attached to, the end of the connecting rod, a hollowed or a
A shaped groove, and into this hollowed or A shaped groove, is fitted a wedge
shaped or rounded or pointed projection, that is fast to the piston, piston rod, or
slide, but so as to allow the connecting rod, to oscilate as required, and the two,
are kept in contact, by a spring or springs, or other means.
I propose to use a spring or springs to take up the wear or play in the joint, by
which the connecting rod is attached to the piston, piston rod or slide, in whatever
way the connection or joint may be made. Instead of the hollowed or A shaped
groove being attached, to the end of the connecting rod, the wedge shaped or
rounded, or pointed projection, might be on or attached to it, and the hollowed or
A shaped grove be on or attached to the piston piston rod or slide. When the
connecting rod is connected to the piston without the intervention of a piston rod
I propose on that side of the piston on which the explosion takes place, to make
the piston, so that it covers more of the side of the cylinder, that is next the crank
pin when the explosion takes place, and thus the force of the explosion, tends to
prevent the connecting rod, pushing the piston against the side of the cylinder.
On the piston, I propose to mount rings or segments of antifriction material, or in
which antifriction material such a plumbago &c. has been inserted, which are
pressed against the cylinder, by springs or other means, by this means oil or other
lubricant which is liable to be decomposed by the heat in the cylinder, may be
dispensed with. And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and

page_text: fi
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon. Fig 1
is a vertical section of a gas engine cylinder, with piston &c, Fig 2 an Elevation of
the connecting rod end showing how it is connected to the piston, Fig 3 an
horizontal section of cylinder and piston through the line 3 and 4 see Fig 1, and.
Fig 4 is an horizontal section through the line 1 and 2 see Fig 1. a is the cylinder,
b is the piston, on the underside of which and fast to it is the continuation or
projection c. d is the igniting port through which the light is drawn into the
cylinder, to ignite the charge of gasses in it, when the port d in the continuation
or projection c, comes opposite the port d in the cylinder, as shown, and as the
piston is moving quickly the port d', in the continuation or projection of the piston,
passes the port d in the cylinder, before the gasses in the cylinder expand much,
after being ignited. f is the port in the cylinder, through which the gas and air
to form the explosive mixture enter into it. g. g. is a port formed through the side of
the continuation or projection é, on the piston, and just before the charge in the
cylinder is ignited, the bottom edge of the port g comes level with the top of the
portf, and thus cuts off the entrance of the gas and air, into the cylinder, and
prevents the explosion banging the clacks or valves (on to their seats,) through
which the air and gas pass to the port f. When the explosion takes place in the
cylinder, as the port.g. g. passes through the continuation or projection c of the
.piston, on the opposite side to the igniting port, the force of the explosion will tend
to press the piston, against the igniting port side of the cylinder, and as the crank
pin, is in the igniting port side of the cylinder, the connecting rod when attached
to the piston, (without the intervention of a piston rod,) as shown, will tend to force
the piston, to the other side of the cylinder, and thus the two forces will tend to
equalize each other.
:
When the crank lifts the piston, previous to the explosion, the connecting rod
will pull the piston, towards the igniting port side of the cylinder, and in some
cases I apply a spring on the opposite side of the piston, to that in which the
crank pin and igniting port is, which spring, tends to push the piston against the
igniting port side of the cylinder, and thus, when the explosion takes place,
the piston is not banged against the cylinder as it is there already, and the
port g, g, being cut through the continuation or projection of the piston, the
opposite side of the piston to that which is cut away, is pressed against the cylinder,
with as great or greater force, than the connecting rod has to force it, to the other
side of the cylinder, and thus the piston is kept in contact with the cylinder, and
noise prevented. This spring may be placed between the piston rings h, and the
piston. Figs 1 and 2, is the connecting rod, which connects the piston to the
crank is the foot of the connecting rod, which is formed with a A shaped groove
on the underside, as shown in Fig 1 this A rests on a sharp edge, wedge or
projection, on the bracket k, which is fast to the piston, this bracket has two
A shaped projections formed on it, l. l, into which pass wedge shaped projections n. n,
formed on the bracket or clip m, which has a hole through the top, so that the
spring o, and connecting rod foot, can easily pass through. p is a plate, which has
.a hole in it for the small part of the connecting rod, to go through, but not large
enough for the spring o, which fits loosely on the small part of the connecting rod,
the.the bottom end of this spring, presses against the top of the connecting rod
foot, and the top presses against the underside of the plate p, which is fastened
to the clip m, and thus the A shaped grooves, and wedges, or projections, are kept
in contact, so that when the explosion takes place, they are not banged together.
Instead of the points of contact being A shaped grooves, and sharp edges or
wedges, they may be hollows and rounds, and kept in contact, by means of the
spring or springs, but in this case there would require lubrication. Instead of the
bracket, being attached to the piston, it may be attached to the piston rod, or
piston rod slide, when such are used.
Figs 1 and 4, is a ring of metal or other material which has a groove formed
in it, on the outside, into which is inserted Plumbago, or other antifriction material,

page_text: so as to come in contact with the cylinder; this ring is in two or more parts, and
inserted in a groove, formed in the piston, and kept in contact with the cylinder,
by means of the springs s, see Fig 4 which are between the rings and the piston ;
as shown there is a spring for each segment, but one spring, might be made to
press 2 or more segments, against the cylinder, or each segment might have more
than one spring applied to it; coiled or other forms of springs might be used
instead of the springs s as shown.
Instead of the antifriction material being inserted in a ring, or segments of a
ring, of metal, or other material it may be formed into a ring, or segments of a ring
itself; without being inserted in the ring, of metal or other material, but I prefer it
being as shown, and instead of the anti-friction ring being in two or more parts,
the ring may be cut through in one place only, so as to allow it to expand, and
made or formed thin, in one or more places; or joints might be formed, in these
places, so as to allow the ring to easily bend at these places, and a spring or springs
applied, to force the ring against the cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. Admitting the air or explosive mixture into the cylinder through the piston
or through a projection formed or fastened on the piston or between the piston and a
projection fastened to it.
Second. Cutting off the admission of the air or explosive mixture into the
cylinder by means of the piston or a part formed on or fastened to the piston,
at or near the time the explosive mixture is ignited, substantially as and for the
purpose herein described.
Third. Admitting the igniting light into the cylinder through the piston, or
through a projection formed or fastened to the piston, or between the piston and
a projection fastened to it.
Fourth. Forming that side of the piston on which the explosion takes place,
(when the piston is connected to the connecting rod without the intervention of
a piston rod), so that it covers more of the side of the cylinder that is next the
crank pin when the explosion takes place, substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described.
Fifth. Connecting the connecting rod to the piston, piston rod or piston slide,
by means of grooves and wedge shaped or rounded or pointed projections kept
together by means of a spring or springs substantially as herein described.
Sixth. Lubricating the cylinder by rings or segments of rings of Plumbago or
other antifriction material or into which Plumbago or other antifriction material
has been inserted substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Seventh. When rings or segments of rings of antifriction material, or in which
antifriction material is inserted are used to lubricate the cylinder, I claim the use
of a spring or springs, which form a part of, or are attached to, or are applied to
the rings or segments, to press them against the cylinder substantially as and for
the purpose herein before described.