A New or Improved Stone Dressing Tool.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 7th Aug., 1889-Accepted; 7th Sept., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Stone Dressing Tool.
I, ANGUS MCKECHNIE, of Skelmorlie, Wemyss Bay, Renfrewshire, Mason, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved construction, or
arrangement and combination of the parts, of a portable tool with multiple cutters,
and specially applicable as a hand tool for masons, stone-cutters, or sculptors, for
cutting and dressing the surface of the stone, with numerous, tempered steel cutters ;
and which will be more simple, inexpensive, and useful than the tools heretofore
in use.
A portable hand tool constructed in accordance with this invention would consist of
a hollow flat metal casing made in two halves or removable parts, or a body part with
a removable lid, and having a hollow stem part for holding in the hand, and a head
on the end for the mallet to strike on, both of which latter are similar to masons'
chisels. Within the new casing part would be placed a movable thin plate or tool
carrier, preferably the thickness of the cutters to be carried and sunk into each part
of the holding case, having under one arrangement a slit or groove or other equivalent
guide or guides through which would be passed a screw pin or pins for securing the
cover part of the casing to the body part. A series of dovetailed grooves or teeth
would be formed across the outer end of the inside carrier to receive and retain a
number of portable cutters as two, three, four, or more. These cutters would consist
of short pieces of tempered steel, preferably square, with chisel gauged or pointed
ends for cutting or shaping the stone, and would have their inner ends inserted in the
dovetailed grooves of the carrier, and be held between guides in the outer or lower
end of the two parts of the casing of the tool. Rack notches or teeth would bo
formed along the longitudinal centre of the inner surfaces of both removable parts of
the casing of the tool, and a double tooth or projecting pawl would be formed in the
centre of the outer end of the tool carrier to work into these notches and prevent it
and the cutters slipping back when struck by the mallet; and a spiral spring would
be inserted in the handle of the tool, behind the upper stem of the carrier, to keep the
latter always pressed forward by the tension of this spring. For the larger sizes of
these tools, where say four or six cutters were used, two sets of racks or notches
would be formed on the inside surfaces of the removable parts of the casing, one
preferably midway between the centre and each side, and have teeth or pawls on the
tool carrier to work into these, and give a more steady action than if only a central
rack and pawl were used for these broad faced tools. Ŏr instead of longitudinal rack
teeth a series of rows of transverse rack teeth or notches may be formed in the casing.
The socket part of the tool would be sufficiently long to take in the small steel cutters,
say about two and a half inches long, projecting five-eighths of an inch or so beyond
their guide ends, and the screw would then be screwed up from the back, preferably
screwed into both parts of the socket, so that when screwed up, it would screw the
cover part tightly down to the body part and grip the cutters at their lower slotted
end of the case, and the cover part would slip on to a dovetail feather at the back,
which would prevent it from shifting, either laterally or longitudinally on the body
part. In this state the tool would be ready for working to cut with all the points of
the cutters, and when these wore up a quarter of an inch or so, the workman would
hen slacken the screw, and the spring would force out the tool carrier to the extent
of one tooth of the holding racks, which would then cause the tools to project to their
original distance, and the screw being tightened up, they would all be secured in the
ase ready for proceeding afresh to work. In this way the cutters would be shifted
but each time they wore down a quarter of an inch or so, until they were reduced to

page_text: an inch or so in length, when they could be thrown away. These small steel cutters
could be made out of rolled liglit steel bar as from a tenth to a quarter of an inch in
cross section for the lightest and heaviest work respectively, and be cut off and
tempered to the required lengths. Another great saving in this tool would be that
the cutters would sharpen themselves, and' the tool could be reversed after working a
short time on each side, as they would all be divided off equally from each other; and
this tool besides being suitable for the rough dressing of stones, would also be suitable
for grooving or roughening the surface of dressed stones.
Datal thi cili dan
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Stone-dressing Tool.
I, ANGUS MCKECHNIE, of Skelmorlie, Wemyss Bay, Renfrewshire, Mason, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to bo
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement in writing, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
This Invention has reference to and comprises a new or improved construction, or
arrangement and combination of the parts, of a portable tool with multiple cutters,
and specially applicable as a hand tool for masons, stone-cutters or sculptors, for
cutting and dressing the surface of the stone, with numerous tempered steel cutters ;
and which will be more simple, inexpensive, and useful than the tools heretofore
in use.
And in order that my said Invention, and the manner of performing or carrying
the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended
an explanatory sheet of Drawings, in which the same reference letters are used to
indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where shown. Figures 1 and 2 are
front and edge views respectively of the new or improved portable stone dressing
hand tool, and Figure 3 an elevation of same with the cover removed to show the
construction of the internal parts. Figure 4 is a view of the inside of the removable
cover or part of the casing. Figure 5 shows side and edge views of the tool carrier B
which is placed inside the casing. And Figure 6 is an edge section of the cutting
tool part.
Referring to these Drawings:-My new or improved portable hand tool consists of
a hollow flat metal casing, preferably formed of steel or inalleable iron, made in two
halves or removable parts or a body part A, A1 with a removable lid A, and having a
hollow stem part A' for holding in the hand, and a head on the end for the mallet to
strike on, the shape of which handle A is similar to that of masons or ordinary
chisels. Within the new casing part A, A² is fitted a movable thin plate or tool
carrier B, shown detached in Figure 5, preferably the thickness of the cutters to be
carried, and sunk half into each part of the holding case A, A2, having under one
arrangement a slit or groove B or other equivalent guide or guides through which is
passed a screw pin A or it might be pins for securing the cover part A² of the
casing to the body part A, and which is also held steady by a V-groove and pro-
jection at A of the cover A and bandle part A'. A series of dovetailed grooves or
teeth are formed at B' across the lower or outer end of the inside carrier B, to receive
and retain the inner heads of a number of portable cutters a as two, three, four, or
more, six being shown in the Drawing. These cutters a consist of short pieces of
tempered steel, preferably square with chisel shaped or pointed ends at a' for cutting
or shaping the stone, and these cutters a have their inner ends inserted in the dove-
tailed grooves B2, of the carrier B, and are held between guide projections A³
alternately formed in the outer or lower end of the two parts A, A2, of the casing of
the tool. Rack notches or teeth C, C, are formed along the longitudinal contre of
the inner surfaces of both the fixed and removable parts A, A, of the casing, of the

page_text: tool, and a double tooth or projecting pawl b is formed in the centre of the outer end
of the tool carrier B to work and fit into these notches C, and prevent it and the
cutters a, a, slipping back when struck by the mallet; and a spiral spring is fitted
at 6' in the hollow part of the handle A¹ of the tool, behind the inner or upper
stem B of the carrier B, to keep the latter always pressed forward by the tension of
this spring 61, when the screw All is slackened, to push the dovetail resisting pawl
part 6 forward into any of the notches C when the screw A" nay again be tightened
up to secure the loose cover A² of the tool case, and make the cutters a, a', project
the desired cutting distance beyond the end A³ of the tool. For the larger sizes of
these tools, two sets of the racks or notches C C, which sustain the strain of the
cutting action of the tool cutters would be formed on the inside surfaces of the
removable parts A A³ of the casing, one preferably mid-way between the centre and
each side, and have corresponding double sets of teeth or pawls b on the tool or cutter
carrier B, to work into these and give a more steady action than if only a central
pair of racks C C and pawls & were used for these broad faced tools. Or instead of
longitudinal rack teeth a series of rows of transverse rack teeth C C or notches may
be formed in the casings A A². In some cases the notches C might be formed on the
inner part of the case A A2, and the pawl b on the inner stem of the holder, and have
the securing screw A" fitted near the point of the tool, with the slot B' near the front
of the holder B. The hollow part A A² of the tool would be sufficiently long to take
in the small steel cutters a a', say about two and a half inches long projecting five
eighths of an inch or so beyond their guide or notched ends A and the screw A"
would then be screwed up from the back, preferably screwed into both parts A A² of
the socket, so that when screwed up it would screw the cover part A tightly down to
the body part A and grip the cutters a, a', at their lowest slotted end A³ of the case A',
and the cover part A would slip on to the dovetail V feather All at the back,
which would prevent it from shifting, either laterally or longitudinally on the body
part A. In this state the tool would be ready for working to cut with all the
points a¹ of the cutters a, a¹, and when these wore up a quarter of an inch or so, the
workman would then slacken the screw A", and the spring b', would force out the tool
carrier B to the extent of one tooth of the holding racks C, C, which would then
cause the tools a, a', to project to their original distance, and the screw A" being
tightened up, they would all be secured in the case ready for proceeding afresh to
work. In this way the cutters a, a¹, would be shifted out each time they wore down
a quarter of an inch or so, until they were reduced to an inch or so in length, when
they could be thrown away. These small steel cutters a, a', could be made out of
rolled light steel bars as from a tenth to a quarter of an inch in cross section for the
lightest and heaviest work respectively, and be cut off and tempered to the required
lengths. Another great saving in this tool would be that the cutters a, a¹, would
sharpen themselves, and the tool could be reversed after working a short time on each
side, as they would all be divided off equal from each other; and this tool besides
being suitable for the rough dressing of stones, would also be suitable for grooving or
roughening the surface of dressed stones.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. The construction or arrangement and combination of the parts of a portable.
stone dressing hand tool with hollow casing and multiple cutters, substantially as
herein described, in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. A portable stone-dressing 'hand tool, comprising a hollow metal casing
made in removable parts and having a movable plate inside formed with grooves to
retain and carry a number of portable cutters working out through guides in the
ends of the case, means being provided for preventing the carrier and cutters slipping
back when struck by the mallet, and for keeping these pressed forward to the work,
substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
Drawings..

page_text: Third. In a portable stone-dressing hand tool the fitting and use of two or more
light steel tempered cutters held in a hollow case, substantially as herein described in
reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Fourth. In a portable stone-dressing hand tool the fitting of a pawl or pawis on
the tool carrier working into notches or teeth in the holder or casing for sustaining
the strain and preventing the carrier and cutters slipping back when the tool is struck
by the mallet, substantially. as herein described in reference to and shown in the
accompanying Drawings.
Fifth. In a portable stone-dressing hand tool, the fitting of a spring or springs for
automatically pressing the carrier and cutters out to their proper cutting length
substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
Drawings.
Dated this 7th day of August 1900
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
96, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, Agents.