Improvements in Joining or Connecting Metallic Pipes or Tubes.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 11th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joining or Connecting Metallic Pipes or Tubes.
We CAMPBELL GROVE HARRISON of Fair View House Halesowen in the County of
Worcester Manager of Works and HENRY HOWARD of the firm of Lloyd and Lloyd
of Comb's Wood Halesowen aforesaid Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
The said invention has reference principally to the joining or connecting of pipes or
tubes made of wrought iron or steel but is also applicable to the joining or connecting
of pipes or tubes made of other metals or alloys.
We will describe the said invention as applied to the joining of pipes of wrought
iron.
On each of the opposed ends of the pipes to be joined we fix a ring or collar
preferably of annealed or malleable cast iron wrought iron or steel the said rings or
collars constituting strong flanges on the said ends of the pipes. The outer faces of
the said flanges that is the faces which are presented to each other when the ends of
the pipe are joined are in the same plane as the ends of the pipes that is a plane
perpendicular to the axis of the pipes but the inner faces of the said flanges are not
parallel to the outer faces the flanges being of somewhat less thickness at their inner
diameter where they fit on the end of the pipe than at their outer diameter or marginal
part. The said rings or collars are fixed on the ends of the pipes preferably by welding
or brazing or screwing or shrinking or by expanding the tube near its end into a
groove on the inner face of the ring. We do not limit ourselves to any methods of
fixing the said rings.
In order to join or connect the ends of the pipes provided with flanges as described
we bring the flanges together with a packing ring of indiarubber leather or the like
between them and bind them tightly together by a series of.clips or clamps the inner
or bearing faces of which are inclined at the same angle as the inner or inclined faces
of the flanges. The said clips or clamps are of such a size that they can readily pass
over the flanges so as to clip or embrace them. In order to tighten the clamps on the
flanges a wedge is driven into the space between one of the inner or bearing faces of
the clamp and the opposed inclined face of the flange and the faces of the flanges on
the ends of the pipes are thus drawn together with any required degree of tightness.
Or a wedge may be driven between each inner or bearing face of the clamp and the
opposed face of the flange. Six of the said clamps fixed equi-distantly are sufficient
for ordinary purposes but a greater number may be employed where it is thought
necessary or desirable.
Instead of tightening the clamps on the flanges by the use of wedges the same
object may be effected by screws. In this case a screw pin is made to take into a
hollow screw or screw box made in one or both arms of the clamp. When the clamp
is put in its place on the flanges and the screw pin or pins driven home the flanges
are pressed together and the pipes securely joined or connected.
Our invention is not only applicable to the joining of pipes of the kind described
but is also applicable to the joining of pipes having sockets at one end that is pipes
in joining which the plain end of one pipe fits into the socket on the end of
another pipe.
Dated this 24th day of December 1889.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: CUMI LEIE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Joining or Connecting Metallic Pipes or Tubes.
We CAMPBELL GROVE HARRISON of Fair View House, Halesowen in the County of
Worcester Manager of Works and HENRY HOWARD of the firm of Lloyd and Lloyd
of Coombe's Wood Halesowen, aforesaid Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature
of the said invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The said invention has reference principally to the joining or connecting of pipes or
tubes made of wrought iron or steel but is also applicable to the joining or connecting
of pipes or tubes made of other metals or alloys.
We will describe the said invention as applied to the joining of pipes of wrought
iron.
On each of the opposed ends of the pipes to be joined we fix a ring or collar
preferably of annealed or malleable cast iron, wrought iron or steel the said rings or
collars constituting strong flanges on the said ends of the pipes. The outer faces of
the said flanges, that is, the faces which are presented to each other when the ends
of the pipes are joined are in the same plane as the ends of the pipes, that is, a plane
perpendicular to the axis of the pipes but the inner faces of the said flanges are not
parallel to the outer faces, the flanges being of somewhat less thickness at their inner
diameter where they fit on the end of the pipe than at their outer diameter or marginal
part. The said rings or collars are fixed on the ends of the pipes by welding or
brazing or screwing or shrinking or by expanding the tube near its end into a groove
on the inner face of the ring. We do not limit ourselves to any methods of fixing
the said rings.
In order to join or connect the ends of the pipes provided with flanges as described,
we bring the flanges together with a packing ring of india rubber, leather or the like
between them and bind them tightly together by a series of clips or clamps the inner
or bearing faces of which are inclined at the same angle as the inner or inclined faces
of the flanges. The said clips or clamps are of such a size that they can readily pass
over the flanges so as to clip or embrace them. In order to tighten the clamps on the
flanges a wedge is driven into the space between one of the inner or bearing faces of
the clamp and the opposed inclined face of the flange and the faces of the flanges on
the ends of the pipes are thus drawn together with any degree of tightness. Or a
wedge may be driven between each inner or bearing face of the clamp and the opposed
face of the flange. Six of the said clamps fixed equidistantly are sufficient for ordinary
purposes but a greater number may be employed where it is thought desirable.
Instead of tightening the clamps on the flanges by the use of wedges the same
. object may be effected by screws. In this case a screw pin is made to take into a
hollow screw or screw box made in one or both arms of the clamp. When the clamp
is put in its place on the flanges and the screw pin or pins driven home the
flanges are pressed together and the pipes securely joined or connected.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawing
the manner in which the said invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation and
Figure 2 in end elevation, the ends of two wrought iron or steel pipes or tubes
joined or connected according to this invention the clips or clamps being tightened
on the flanges or collars of the pipes or tubes by the use of wedges.
Figures 3 and 4 represent the same views respectively as Figures 1 and 2 but the
clips or clamps are tightened on the flanges or collars of the pipes or tubes by the use
of screws and screw boxes.
Figure 5 represents in section a portion of the joined ends of the pipes one of the
clips or clamps and the screw and screw box drawn to a larger scale.

page_text: The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawing.
a, b are portions of the two pipes to be joined and a², 63 are the flanges, rings or
collars fixed on the opposed ends of the said pipes. The rings or collars a², 62 are
fixed on the ends of the pipes in one of the several ways hereinbefore described.
In the drawing the rings or collars a² ² are represented as being fixed in their
places by shrinking them on annular projections made by forcing portions of the tubes
near their ends outwards as seen in the section Figure 5 but as before stated we do
limit ourselves to any particular method of fixing the said rings or collars on the
opposed ends of the pipes or tubes. By referring to the section Figure 5 the shape
of the faces of the rings or collars a², 62 will be best seen, those faces which are
presented to each other being situated in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the
pipes while the other faces marked c of the rings or collars are inclined inwards, that
is, the rings or collars are of less thickness where they join the pipes than at the outer
or marginal portion; d d d are the fixing clips or clamps six of which are preferably
employed. The construction of these fixing clips or clamps best seen in Figure 5.
The said clips or clamps d, d, are of such a shape and size that they can readily pass
over the rings or flanges a², 62 so as to clip or embrace them, the inner or bearing
faces of the clips or clamps being inclined at the same angle as the inclined faces of
the rings or flanges a³ ³ as represented; e, e Figures 1 and 2 are the wedges used
for tightening the clips or clamps on the rings or flanges a², 62; and f, f, Figures 3, 4
and 5 are the screws used in place of wedges for tightening the clips or clamps on the
rings or flanges. When screws are used for tightening the clips or clamps the said
screws work in screw boxes made in the broad arms of the said clips or clamps as
seen in Figure 5 where the screw box is marked g.
In joining or connecting the ends of the pipes or tubes a b by the use of this
invention the flanges, rings or collars a², 62 on their opposed ends are brought together
with a packing ring h of india rubber, leather or other packing material between
them and the clips or clamps d, d are arranged equidistantly upon the said flanges,
rings or collars and the latter bound together by either driving the wedges e, e into
the spaces between the inner or bearing face of one of the arms of each of the clips
and the opposed inclined face of one of the flanges rings or collars; or by driving
home the screws d, d so as to cause their ends to bear against the inclined face of one
of the flanges rings or collars as represented in Figure 5.
By the driving home of the several wedges or screws the inner flat faces of the
flanges, rings or collars a², 62 on the ends of the pipes or tubes are drawn together
with the required degree of tightness and a very secure and durable junction between
the ends of the tubes or pipes effected. The said invention is not only applicable to
the joining of pipes of the kind described and represented but is also applicable to the
joining of pipes having sockets at one end, that is, pipes in joining which the plain
end of one pipe fits into the socket on the end of another pipe. In this case the
socket end of the pipe is not provided with a flange or collar of the kind represented
but the outer face of its socket is made inclined and the plain end of the pipe is
furnished with a flange or collar of the kind represented, the socket on one pipe and
the collar or flange on the other pipe being drawn together by clips or clamps as
hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and the manner of performing the same we declare that we claim as
the said invention of "Improvements in joining or connecting metallic pipes or
tubes":-
Joining or connecting the ends of pipes or tubes by the use of flanges, rings or
collars of the construction described and represented on the opposed ends of the pipes
or tubes combined with clips or clamps of the construction described and represented,
which clips or clamps are tightened on the flanges rings or collars so as to bind them

page_text: tightly together either by wedges or by screws substantially as herein before described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawing; also the modification described for
joining or connecting the ends of socket pipes.
Dated the 1st day of September 1890
CAMPBELL GROVE HARRISON.
HENRY HOWARD.