Improvements in the Manufacture of Colouring Matters Suitable for Dyeing Unmordanted Cotton.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 25th Sept., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Colouring Matters Suitable for
Dyeing Unmordanted Cotton.
I, ARTHU ASHWORTH, of the Fernhill Chemical Works, Bury, in the County of
Lancaster, Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Colouring matters capable of dyeing unmordanted cotton are produced according
to this invention by (a) treating nitro, amido, or nitro-amido oxycarbonic acids
of the aromatic series with sulphide of soda and sulphur; (b) by similarly treating
with sulphur and sulphide of soda a mixture of any of these acids and any of the
following bodies:-Phenols or naphthols, nitro or nitrosophenols or naphthols, amido
phenols or naphthols, sulphonated compounds of the above named substances,
sulphonated or nitro-sulphonated compounds of the benzene or naphthalene series,
diamido benzenes and naphthalenes or their sulpho acids, cane sugar, glucose;
and (c) by treating with sulphur and sulphide of soda azo colouring matters of the
type of the so-called alizarine yellows (combinations of diazotised nitroanilines with
salicylic acid) or azo colouring matters containing as one component amido or
nitro-amido oxycarbonic acid.
The following are examples of how this invention may be carried into effect.
EXAMPLE 1.
To sixty parts by weight of sulphide of soda in the form of a concentrated
solution are added twenty parts of mono nitro salicylic acid and the mixture is
heated for two hours at 125° C. Sixteen parts of sulphur are then added and the
temperature is increased to about 200° C. and this temperature is maintained
until a dry mass is produced. This mass is dark and almost black, is easily soluble
in water, and is capable of dyeing cotton grey to black shades which may, if
desired, be afterwards intensified by subsequent treatment with oxidising agents.
If eighty parts of sulphide of soda be substituted for the quantity quoted above
and if dinitro salicylic acid be used instead of the mono nitro salicylic acid then
a similar colouring matter is obtained.
Colouring matters having analogous qualities are also obtained when amido
oxycarbonic acids are treated with sulphur and sulphide of soda in the manner
described above.
EXAMPLE 2.
Direct dyeing colouring matters dyeing grey to black can also be produced by
adding sixty parts of sulphide of soda to a mixture of ten parts of nitro salicylic acid
and ten parts of para nitroso phenol and subjecting them to a temperature of 125° C.
for about two hours. Sixteen parts of sulphur are then added and the whole is
maintained at a temperature of 200° C. until a dry mass which forms the colouring
matter is obtained.
To obtain colouring matters dyeing brown shades ten parts of cane sugar or ten

page_text: parts of glucose may be substituted for the ten parts of para nitroso phenol and
be subjected to the treatment just described.
The so-called alizarine yellows (combinations of diazotised nitroanilines with
salicylic acid) when similarly treated with sulphide of soda and sulphur yield
direct colouring matters which dye cotton in shades varying from greenish grey
to black.
Upon like treatment azo colouring matters containing as one component amido
or nitro amido oxycarbonic acid yield colouring matters capable of dyeing
unmordanted cotton grey to black shades.
I do not limit myself to the exact proportions and temperatures hereinbefore
set forth as these may be varied to some extent without departing from the spirit
of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1 The hereinbefore described process for the production of direct dyeing
colouring matters which consists in the treatment of nitro, amido, or nitro-amido
oxycarbonic acids with sulphur and sulphide of soda, substantially as herein-
before described.
2. The process for the production of direct dyeing colouring matters which
consists in treating with sulphur and sulphide of soda a mixture of nitro, amido
or nitro-amido oxycarbonic acids of the aromatic series and any of the substances
herein befor set forth under the sub-head (b), substantially as described.
3. The process for the production of direct dyeing colouring matters which
consists in treating the so-called alizarine yellows or azo colouring matters of the
type set forth with sulphur and sulphide of soda, substantially as described.
Dated this 12th day of August 1897.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.