matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHILLED ROLLS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Jordan, of the Firm of Thomas Jordan and
Company, of West Bromwich, in the County of Stafford, Iron Rollers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHILLED ROLLS."
Sealed the 16th December 1879, and dated the 2nd August 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Jordan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd August 1879.
THOMAS JORDAN, of the Firm of Thomas Jordan and Company, of West Bromwich,
in the County of Stafford, Iron Rollers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHILLED ROLLS."
This Invention refers to improvements in the manufacture of chilled rolls
employed for rolling hot metals, with the view of preventing the fracture of such
rolls, and it consists in boring the necks of such rolls to such a depth as to leave in
the centre a solid mass of metal which I prefer should be equal in width to the
diameter of the roll. This boring allows the escape of heat, and avoids the fracture
of the rolls by expansion and contraction.
Or I can bore the roll entirely through, and insert a plug for the centre
block.
.
Or by another process I can cast the roll with a hole partially or entirely through
it, and afterwards bore away the skin formed by the casting process.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Jordan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd January
1880.
•
.
THOMAS JORDAN, of the Firm of Thomas Jordan and Company, of West Bromwich,
in the County of Stafford, Iron Rollers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHILLED ROLLS."
My Invention refers to improvements in the manufacture of chilled rolls employed
for rolling hot metals with the view of preventing the fracture of such rolls, and it
consists in boring the necks of such rolls to such a depth as to leave in the centre
a solid mass of metal which I prefer should be equal in width to the diameter of
the roll. This boring allows the escape of heat, and avoids the fracture of the roll
by expansion and contraction.
Or I can bore the roll entirely through, and insert a plug for the centrè
block.
Or by another process I can cast the roll with a hole partially or entirely through
it, and afterwards bore away the skin formed by the casting process.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into effect, I claim, without limiting myself to these
precise details, the improvements in the construction of chilled rolls by boring or
hollowing out the necks of such rolls, substantially in manner herein more fully set
forth and specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Jordan, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty second day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
THOMAS JORDAN. (L.S.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Yeo at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July 1879.
JOSEPH YEO, of Edenhall, Penrith, in the County of Cumberland, Blacksmith.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of necks of bottles,
specially applicable for containing aërated or gaseous liquids, or beer or other malt
liquids, the object of the Invention being to allow of such bottles being closed by
means of an ordinary cork, and without requiring the usual wire or string.
By referring to the several Figures of the accompanying Drawing (which shew
sections of bottle necks constructed according to my improvements) it will be
noticed that by the peculiar construction of the neck the internal pressure of the
liquid is against the side or circumference of the cork, so that the cork will not be
forced out by the pressure, and consequently will require no wire or string. The
same cork may also be used again.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF UTILIZING HEAT FROM KILNS FOR GENERATING STEAM AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin West Killick and Charles
Thomas Herbert at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd
October 1879.
EDWIN WEST KILLICK and CHARLES THOMAS HERBERT, both of Northfleet, in
the County of Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF UTILIZING HEAT FROM
KILNS FOR GENERATING STEAM AND OTHER PURPOSES."
The improvements consist in placing boilers, chambers, tubes, and such like in,
on, or over kilns or their drying floors or flucs in such manner that the heat from
such kilns shall pass on, over, through, or into said boilers, chambers, and tubes,
and generate steam and hot air therein for use for any convenient purposes, and so
economize fuel by dispensing with a special furnace or furnaces for said boilers
hot air chambers and tubes. The improvements may be performed by making the
boiler of metal, saddle or dish shape, with vertical or other chambers or tubes for
the passage of the heated gases, and said boiler is most conveniently worked by
being placed immediately over the kiln, but with a sufficient headway left between
the top of the kiln and the bottom of the boiler. The hot air chambers and tubes
may be also of metal, and are conveniently located on and about the drying floor,
and serve for assisting in drying cement and such like.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Montague Grover at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th August 1879.
.
SAMUEL MONTAGUE GROVER, of Little Lever, near Bolton, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN
SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
This Invention relates principally to the construction and arrangement of the
spindles and flyers of throstles and doubling frames, and more particularly to that
class wherein the spindles do not revolve and the flyers are reversed, that is to say,
the arms of the flyers are turned upwards, so that the bobbins can be doffed without
removing the flyers.
I fix the spindles in two rails for the sake of steadiness, the said rails having the
usual rising and falling motion imparted thereto by a heart-cam or otherwise.
The bolster rail is fixed, and into it are screwed or otherwise attached firmly
long tubes or bolsters, through which the spindles pass, but which are bored out
larger than the latter, so that the spindles pass freely through them, but without
touching.
Upon these fixed tubes or bolsters the tubes of the flyers revolve, the bolsters
being reduced in diameter, excepting at the top and bottom (where the flyer tubes
bear) so as to reduce the friction; or the inside of the flyer tube may be chambered
out if preferred.
The bobbins are supported on flanges fixed near the tops of the spindles, and
may be fitted with metal bushes, which revolve freely upon the spindle, and may
be used either with or without cloth or other washers, as may be found desirable.
In some cases, instead of bushing the bobbins with metal, I employ loose tubes
closed at the top, and provided inside with a pin which runs in a hole bored in the
top of the spindle and filled with oil, so that the tube runs and revolves freely on
the point of the pin, the bottom of the bobbin resting on a small flange or collar
near the bottom of the tube, which latter also runs in an oil cup, and fits around
the spindle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA- RUBBER TUBING SPECIALLY USEFUL FOR CHEMICAL PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest de Pass at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th March 1879. A communication from
abroad by La Compagnie Franco-Américaine de Caoutchouc Durci et Souple,
of No. 1, Boulevart Saint-Denis, Paris, France.
"
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for Patents, 68, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA-
RUBBER TUBING SPECIALLY USEFUL FOR CHEMICAL PURPOSES." A communication
from abroad by La Compagnie Franco-Américaine de Caoutchouc Durci et Souple,
of No. 1, Boulevart Saint-Denis, Paris, France.
Heretofore the india-rubber tubing generally employed in chemical works has
been manfactured with an inner metallic coil or wire lining, but the acids flowing
through the same have had an injurious effect thereon, owing to the corrosive
action of such acids or other chemical products, and after a time such tubing has
become useless.
Now according to this Invention the metallic coil or wire lining is dispensed
with and a coil of hardened india-rubber is employed in its stead, such coil having
all the resistance and elasticity of metal besides being insensible to the action of
chemical products.
In carrying the Invention into effect an india-rubber cord or strand of any
desired form is first prepared by the ordinary means and is then half hardened.
Around an ordinary cylindrical core or mandrel a sheet of unvulcanized india-
rubber is wrapped, and around this sheet the half hardened india-rubber cord or
strand is wound spirally in such way as to constitute the inner coil of the tubing;
above the whole a second sheet of unvulcanized india-rubber is wound, and is
tightly bound against the spirals of the india-rubber cord by means of stout twine,
so that the two sheets of unvulcanized india-rubber adhere together and form a
very compact mass. The outer stout twine is then removed and the whole is
enveloped in a wrapping of suitable fabric, and the outer stout twine is then wound
round the wrapping and the tubing is now ready for vulcanization.
By the vulcanizing operation the two sheets of india-rubber are vulcanized so as
to remain flexible, and the balf hardened india-rubber coil then becomes quite hard,
which however does not prevent the tubing from retaining a certain sufficient
flexibility.
After vulcanization the outer twine and the fabric wrapping are removed, and
the tube is now finished.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGE SPRINGS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isidor Furstenhagen at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th May 1879. A communication
from abroad by Hermann Huth, Sole Director of the Hagener Gussstahlwerke,
at Hagen, in Westphalia.
"
ISIDOR FURSTENHAGEN, of the Firm of Furstenhagen & Wildt, Agents, at
Bradford, in the County of York. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
CARRIAGE SPRINGS." [A communication from abroad by Hermann Huth, Sole
Director of the Hagener Gussstahlwerke, at Hagen, in Westphalia.]
This Invention has for its object a new and improved method of fastening
carriage springs whereby they are firmly held together, and the separate plates
thereof prevented from shifting without weakening them in the centre part where
most subjected to pressure, at the same time that such improved construction
admits of the easy removal and replacement of all or any one or more of the plates
of the spring.
Such improved method of fastening consists in making the spring plates with
side juts, and dispensing with the operation of welding the binder hoop guard or
box, and is effected as follows:-
The so called side juts consist in a lateral enlargement of the spring plates, and
which is accomplished by a simultaneous thrusting of two opposite semi spherical
mandrels through the red hot spring plate near the edge, or such juts may be made
by the aid of a lever or by hand. Each spring plate receives two juts at such
distance from each other that the binder fits exactly between them.
The binder may be made of a piece of bent iron or steel plate having in its
middle part a recess or boss which is placed upon the axle box in the usual manner.
Each side lap of the binder is made at its upper end with a notch for the reception
of a screw bolt with a barbed head. The inner side of the lid which is to be
screwed on has two grooves into which fit the side laps of the binder so as to
prevent them from bulging.
This improved method of fastening carriage springs affords the following
advantages:-1°. The spring plates are not weakened in the centre, hence their
carrying power and durability is increased. 2°. Each separate plate is prevented
from shifting directly by the binder. 3°. The binders are more reliable, being
without any welded parts. 4°. The various plates can be easily fastened and

page_text: unfastened, whereby the withdrawal of either the whole spring or any single plate
or plates is greatly facilitated, inasmuch as the removal or insertion of a peg
through the entire series of plates is dispensed with. 5°. This new construction
allows of the greasing of the plates from time to time without injuring. any part of
the springs, thus increasing not only their durability, but also ensuring greater {
smoothness in their action.
Such improved construction is applicable both to ribbed and plain spring
steel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING MINERAL OIL
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry William Tanner, William Joseph
Barker, and Robert Self Ince at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 8th March 1879.
HENRY WILLIAM TANNER, of George Cottage, Chapel End, in the Parish of Wal-
thamstow, in the County of Essex, Steam Sawyer, WILLIAM JOSEPH BARKER, of 87,
Wentworth Strect, in the Parish of Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex,
Veneer Sawyer, and ROBERT SELF INCE, of 39, Kynaston Road, in the Parish of
Stoke Newington, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAMPS FOR BURNING MINERAL OIL."
Our Invention relates to that description of lamps used for burning mineral oil
and consists of certain improvements in the construction and arrangement of such
lamps when intended for use, more especially in large rooms or buildings and places
of public resort, and is intended to enable oil lamps to more completely supply the
place of gas where the latter is not to be had, and to compete with it more
successfully than heretofore when placed in competition with it.
The freedom of oil lamps from the "flickering" which is so injurious to the eyes
of those who work much by gas ligbt and the comparative economy of oil, and the
comparative freedom of the products of combustion from sulphur and other injurious
compounds render oil lamps very preferable to gas whenever they can be used, and
we contemplate the introduction of our system into shops and shop windows, bars,
public halls, churches, chapels, &c., where the labour of filling a great number of
separate lamps would form an insuperable obstacle to the use of the ordinary kind,
but by our system this labor is reduced to a minimum.
We propose
to place any convenient number of burners in connection with one
chamber to contain the oil, and to place the chamber at a short distance from, instead
of immediately under, the burners, and to connect the chamber and the burners by
means of tubes from the lower part of the chamber to a point below each burner
from which point a tube rises to the burner at a level just above that of the top of
the chamber. By this arrangement we are able to use a chamber of large size and
to place it at any convenient distance from the burners, so as not to obstruct the
light passing downwards, and we arrange the burners either around the chamber
so as to form a mineral oil chandelier, or we make use of a longer tube or tubes
and place the burners in a row above it or them; or place the burners in such

page_text: other position in a horizontal plain as may be desired. We make use of a much
larger chamber for the oil than can be used when the burner is placed immediately
over it, not only on account of the number of burners to be supplied from one
chamber, but also in order that it may not require refilling so often, and we propose
that it should in some cases hold sufficient oil to last for weeks or even months.
AN IMPROVED INK BLOTTER
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Carl Glaser at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th January 1879. A communication
from Jacob Engelmanu, of Neustadt on the Hardt (Rhenish Bavaria),
Germany.
FRIEDRICH CARL GLASER, of No. 92, Lindenstrasse, Berlin, in the Kingdom of
Prussia and Empire of Germany, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent. "AN IMPROVED
INK BLOTTER.” A communication from Jacob Engelmann, of Neustadt on the
Hardt (Rhenish Bavaria), Germany.
The apparatus, the subject of this Invention, serves for absorbing ink in lieu of
the blotting apparatuses or pads in ordinary use.
In the usual ink blotters the changing of the paper can only be made by un-
screwing the cover and by putting in the new paper, or by turning it over in case
the other side of the paper is still useable.
As a single sheet of such blotting paper is only a little larger than the curved
bottom surface of the wooden block, the changing of the paper has to take place
very often.
In the new ink blotter of this Invention, which is shown on the annexed Sheet
of Drawings, the blotting paper is made in one long band rolled upon a roller a,
from which, in case the blotting paper at the bottom does not take up any more
ink, the blotting paper can be unrolled and rolled upon another roller a, and when
the whole band is thus used up it can be turned over in order to use the other
side. For this purpose it is only necessary to change the relative position of each
roller.
The Drawing hereunto annexed shows the "blotter" in sections and elevations,
which will explain the principle and show its application.
The body h of the blotter consists of wood, and has two metal side-plates. The
cover d is screwed on by the screws and handle k. The blotting paper-band is
rolled upon metal pins n, n, which are put in the slits or slots g, g, of the metal
sides and there held.
In order to give the blotting paper band a certain amount of tension there are
two springs f, ƒ, fixed on the cover d, which press against the rolls when the cover d
is screwed down by the handle k.

page_text: The pins n, n, have at one end a roughened disk in order to facilitate the turning
of same.
The changing of tho used blotting surface for a new one is made by turning one
roller so as to give off new paper, and by turning the other roller so as to take up
the used blotting paper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF FRAUD IN CHEQUES OR OTHER DOCUMENTS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas William Evans, of Eccles, near Manchester, M.D.,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF
FRAUD IN CHEQUES OR OTHER DOCUMENTS.”
Sealed the 27th January 1880, and dated the 29th July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas William Evans at
"
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th July 1879.
THOMAS WILLIAM EVANS, of Eccles, near Manchester, M.D. IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF FRAUD IN CHEQUES OR OTHER DOCUMENTS."
The object of the improvements is to render it more difficult to fraudulently
alter the wording or figures upon any cheque, deed, or other document after the
same has been duly executed, and consists of an instrument or apparatus con-
structed of a piston made capable of working in a slide attached to a suitable
framing, and formed at one end with an oblong plate, and at the other with a
hand knob for the purpose of pressure being communicated thereto, and fitted with
a spiral or other spring of the strength required; or it.may be that a lever capable
of turning on a fulcrum may be used in lieu of a piston. The oblong plate is
engraved or otherwise prepared on its surface with peculiar tooth like projections,
which take into a matrix attached to the framing of the instrument, thus forming
an apparatus whereby the important portions of a cheque or other document may
be submitted to a semi perforating process, which so breaks up the surface of the
paper that it is exceedingly difficult to write upon the same.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas William Evans in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th
January 1880.
THOMAS WILLIAM EVANS, of Eccles, near Manchester, M.D. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR THE PREVENTION OF FRAUD IN CHEQUES OR OTHER DOCUMENTS."
The object of the improvements is to render it more difficult to fraudulently
alter the wording or figures upon any cheque, deed, or other document after the
same has been duly executed, and consists of an instrument or apparatus con-
structed of a piston made capable of working in a slide attached to a suitable
framing, and formed at one end with an oblong plate, and at the other with a hand
knob for the purpose of pressure being communicated thereto, and fitted with a
spiral or other spring of the strength required; or a lever capable of turning on a
fulcrum may be used in lieu of a piston. The oblong plate is engraved or otherwise
prepared on its surface with peculiar tooth like projections, which take into a
matrix attached to the framing of the instrument; or the oblong plate may be
ל
7

page_text: Witness,
WILLIAM GADD,
Consulting Engineer,
64, Barton Arcade,
Manchester.
THOMAS WILLIAM EVANS. (L.S.)
A NEW OR IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE LOOK SPINDLE AND KNOBS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hungate Preston Dennis, of Chelmsford, in the
County of Essex, Engineer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED
ADJUSTABLE LOOK SPINDLE AND KNOBS."
Sealed the 23rd December 1879, and dated the 28th June 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hungate Preston
Dennis at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th June 1879.
THOMAS HUNGATE PRESTON DENNIS, of Chelmsford, in the County of Essex,
Engineer. "A NEW OR IMPROVED ADJUSTABLE LOCK SPINDLE AND KNOBS."
My Invention consists of an adjustable lock spindle and knobs which may be
readily altered to suit the thickness of various doors and locks, and when so
adjusted will remain permanently fixed until it is desired to release it.
It consists of an iron or other metal spindle of the regulation size, the ends of
which are tapped or screwed; the knob is made with a square hole quite through
its neck or base of a proper size to allow the spindle to pass through it; the other
part of the knob is hollow, and a portion of it is made to remove, so that the
interior is accessable; this loose portion may be attached to the knob by a screw
tbread or other simple means.
A loose nut is provided with a hole or holes round its margin; or it may be ⚫
made with cogged or serrated edges, through any of which a small screw may
pass.
A small hole is made in the neck or base of knob from the interior face or
surface and tapped to receive the small screw above referred to.
To fix the knobs on the spindle at any required distance the one from the other,
first remove the loose portion of the knob, then pass the spindle through the square
hole in neck or base of knob into its interior, then screw the loose metal nut before
referred to on to the spindle, when it will seat on to the inner face of neck or base
of knob; continue to screw it on to the spindle until the required distance of the
knobs, the one from the other, is attained; then insert the small screw above
referred to through one of the holes or serrated edges of the loose nut (as the case
may be) into the tapped hole made to receive it in base or neck of knob, and screw
it firmly home; the final and permanent fixing is then completed. The loose
portion of the knob may be then attached. The fittings and operation of fixing I
have herein referred to applies to both the knobs and both ends of the spindle.
•

page_text: new and improved adjustable lock spindle and knobs, substantially as and for the
purposes herein before described and shewn on the Drawings.
2nd. The arrangement for adjusting and fixing the knobs to the spindle from
the interior of the knobs, substantially as herein before described and shewn on
3 Drawinga
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hungate Preston Dennis, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
T. H. P. DENNIS (LS)
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES TO ADAPT THEM FOR LOCOMOTIVE PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Roger Purssell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st May 1879.
JOHN ROGER PURSSELL, of No. 172, Blackfriars Road, in the Borough of South-
wark, and County of Surrey, Engineer. 'IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES TO
ADAPT THEM FOR LOCOMOTIVE PURPOSES."
This Invention relates to improvements in gas engines to adapt them for loco-
motive purposes, and consists in dispensing with the trunk sliding block of what
is known as the "silent engine," and in fitting to the main driving shaft on which
the fly wheel is carried a tooth edged or tooth faced wheel to gear into a wheel
upon an end on shaft, this carrying a bevil wheel on its end to engage into either
of two bevilled pinions on the axle of one of the pair of driving wheels which bear
upon the rails.
The bevilled pinion are of the friction kind, and are so keyed upon the axle that
they may run loose or tight as desired under the control of a clutch whose lever is
within reach of the attendant, who regulates by the clutch mechanism the direction
in which the machine shall travel.
Other forms of gas engines may be adapted for this purpose if desired.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIRS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Staats at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th March 1879. A communication froin
abroad by A. Türpe, of Dresden, in the Empire of Germany.
"AN
WILLIAM STAATS, of 44, Bread Street, Cheapside, in the City of London.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHAIRS." [A communication from abroad
by A. Türpe, of Dresden, in the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention has for its object an improvement in the construction of
chairs.
Chairs are now commonly made from wood which is brought to the required
form or curvatures by a bending operation. In particular chairs are now made in
which the hinder legs and the back are in one length or piece, a bow or curvature
therein forming the upper part of the back.
According to this Invention such chairs are rendered more comfortable, serviceable,
and sightly by closing the back by fixing to the bent wood which heretofore has
formed the open back a light flexible slab formed of three (or other number of)
veneers cemented together with their grains crossed. The surface veneer or veneers
may be inlaid to obtain an ornamental effect.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING ORDERS ON BOARD SHIP AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Pitkin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April 1879.
"
JAMES PITKIN, of Clerkenwell, in the County of Middlesex, Philosophical
Instrument Maker. IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH APPARATUS FOR
TRANSMITTING ORDERS ON BOARD SHIP AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
My Invention relates to an improved electric telegraph of exceedingly simple
construction for use on board ship for transmitting orders from the bridge to the
engine room or helm.
The communicator or transmitter consists of a dial bearing the usual words of
command, a disc of insulating material beneath carrying a circle of metallic contact
pieces at uniform distances apart connected to a central plate, and a pair of contact
springs insulated and placed diametrically opposite one another in the path of the
contact pieces on the disc, and connected respectively to the two portions of the
battery circuit in which the instrument.is placed. The disc is rotated by a handle
working over the dial, and at each passage of an opposite pair of contact pieces or
of the alternate spaces over the contact springs the circuit is completed or broken,
the completion of the circuit corresponding with the passage of the handle from
one division of the dial to another. A pawl and ratchet are applied to prevent
any backward motion of the disc.
The indicator or receiving instrument comprises a similar dial with pointer
having an escapement wheel on its axis actuated by a pallet on an arm or
extension carried by the armature of an electro-magnet in the circuit. The said
armature is mounted to oscillate on a pivot, and each time the circuit is completed
as above mentioned is attracted by the electro magnet, and the pallet which it
carries is caused to act on the escapement wheel and propel forward the pointer a
distance of about 1/2 a tooth of the said wheel. On the breaking of the circuit it
is at once returned to its former position in readiness to act on the next tooth by
the weight of a hammer which at same time strikes a gong, the movement of the
pointer onto the next division of the dial being then immediately completed by a
1931....מ

page_text: spring jumper terminating in an inclined surface, pressing on a tooth of the wheel
which it thus moves forward the remaining '/, tooth, and then held stationary until
again acted on by the pallet.
By using alphabetical dials the instrument may be used for telegraphic purposes
in other cases.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND LOWERING REVOLVING SHUTTERS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1879.
ALEXANDER CLARK, of Rathbone Place, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer
and Revolving Shutter Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
RAISING AND LOWERING REVOLVING SHUTTERS."
My improvements in machinery for raising and lowering revolving shutters are
more particularly intended to be applied to self coiling shutters, adapted to circular
head openings or to other openings which do not admit of the shutter being coiled
above as usual, and where it is consequently coiled beneath the window, doorway,
or other opening it is intended to close.
According to my Invention the shutter is raised and lowered by one, two, or
more endless pitch chains, running over sheaves at the top of the window or other
opening and over chain or sprocket wheels keyed on a transverse shaft mounted at
the bottom of the opening, to which shaft power is applied by a winch handle and
worm gear for operating all the chains at once for raising and lowering the shutter.
This gear is entirely independent of the spring barrels on which the shutter is
coiled, these being mounted beneath the said shaft and the shutter being self
coiling, as above mentioned. The pitch chains are located immediately behind
the shutter when in its raised position, and they may be at suitable intermediate
points in its width, the chains and the grooves in which they run being in this
case more or less concealed by mullions or otherwise when the shutter is lowered.
The shutter is constructed with a wrought iron head of a form suited to that of the
opening, and this head is attached to the pitch chains by bracket or socket joints
or other means of attachment, by which the shutter will be carried up and down
with the pitch chain.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MAnufacture oF ALKALIES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Lancaster at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th October 1879.
ROBERT LANCASTER, of Kirkdale, County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MAnufacture oF ALKALIES.”
According to my Invention I pass steam into a superheater. This steam is
heated to a high degree of temperature, say 1,500 (one thousand five hundred
degrees) Fahrenheit more or less. The superheated steam is then passed into a
closed kiln filled with lime stone (carbonate of lime), the steam being of sufficient
temperature or heat, so as to expel or throw off carbonic acid from the lime stone
forming bydrogen and carbonic acid. These two gases are then passed into melted
or dry chloride of soda (common salt), when chlorine gas and hydro-chloric acid will
be driven off, forming carbonate of soda which may be made into caustic or other
soda by any known means or process. The chlorine gas and hydro chloric acid as
driven off may be collected and utilized as bye products.
MENTS IN HOISTS OR CRANES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Barker at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1879.
JOHN BARKER, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Millwright. " IMPROVE
MENTS IN HOISTS OR CRANES."
In travelling cranes of the usual construction when the carriage is at a con-
siderable distance from the winding apparatus, the weight of the winding chain
causes it to hang down or "bag" when there is no weight on the hook or snatch
block, the chain thus interfering with the movements of the workmen on the floor
below.
My improvements consist in self acting apparatus attached to the beam for
supporting the lifting chain when the carriage is out; this apparatus consists of a
shaft bent at right angles on the horizontal arm of which is a roller for the lifting
chain to run on; the vertical arm of this shaft works in a bracket fixed to the
bean; at the upper end of the vertical arm is fixed a ball or weight; the lower
side of this ball or weight is bevelled, and the upper part of the bracket in which
the spindle works has a corresponding bevel, and the carriage in running in or out
pushes the roller and the horizontal arm of the spindle to one side, thus raising
the weight and spindle by the action of the bevelled surfaces, and when the carriage
has passed the horizontal arm of the spindle, and the roller are brought back into
position by the descent of the weight; or a spring may be used in lieu of the
weight to answer the same purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO DAMPERS, FLUES, OR CHIMNEYS
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Richard Fielding and Benjamin
Butterworth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th
September 1879.
JOHN RICHARD FIELDING, of 49, George St. South, and BENJAMIN BUTTER-
WORTH, of No. 6, Casson Gate, both in Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO DAMPERS, FLUES, OR CHIMNEYS."
Our Invention is applicable to the main flue or chimney of open fire places when
in combination with ovens or boilers. In the main flue or chimney below where
the side flues from the oven or boiler enters into it, we propose to apply a slide or
swivel damper to regulate the draught; this damper may be made in any con-
venient way, but we prefer to use a damper constructed as follows:-In the flue
or chimney we fix a bracket which can be made longer or shorter to suit the depth
of the flue or chimney; on this bracket is fastened a sheet of iron or other material,
whose length is about the width of the chimney and about 3 or 4 inches wide, one
edge of which comes against, or nearly against, the front of the flue or chimney.
To this bracket is also connected another sheet of iron or other material by means
of a joint or hinge, this is about as long as the width of the chimney, and is about
as wide as the distance from the back of the chimney to the other sheet of iron..
On the bracket is also fastened a spring which presses against the hinge, or joint,
or sheet of iron, or other material to which the hinge or joint is connected, and thus
holds the sheet of iron or other material in any position in which it may be set.
By this means the, draught under the oven and boiler and from the open fire place
can be regulated as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING, RULING, PERFORATING, OR OTHERWISE MARKING PAPER AND OTHER SURFACES AND SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the Honourable Henry Noel Waldegrave
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th February 1879.
The Honourable HENRY NOEL WALDEGRAVE, of Wilton Crescent, Belgrave
Square, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CUTTING,
RULING, PERFORATING, OR OTHERWISE MARKING PAPER AND OTHER SURFACES AND
SUBSTANCES."
The chief object of this Invention is to afford a ready, convenient, and cheap
means for cutting, ruling, or perforating paper in straight or parallel directions.
For this purpose I provide a bedplate, by preference made of wood, and having
an even and smooth top face of glass, or metal, or other suitable substance.
At one
side or edge of this bed plate I fix permanently or adjustably a guiding projection
or bar, and on the same side of the bed plate I arrange the fulcrum for a hinge bar
which extends across the width of the bedplate, and in or on which I arrange a
sliding block having a pin which can slide in the slot of a bar fitted thereon; this
latter bar is at its lower end provided with one or more cutting, perforating, or
marking wheels, or other cutting, perforating, or marking appliances which may be
interchangeable or not. Or the said pin may be fitted to turn in a block sliding in
or on the bar fitted with the cutting, perforating, or marking appliances. The bed.
plate may be fitted with an adjustable stop or gauge bar with graduations on.
The hinged bar with the marking bar attached thereto is taken hold of by the
hand of the operator, and the marking bar worked along the paper; both may
be swung up and out of the way as required when the paper or other article
operated upon has to be changed or removed.
The bed may also be provided with means for the continuous or intermittent
propulsion of the material to be operated upon up to the cutting or marking point;
the means of propulsion can be made to work the cutting or marking instrument so
that a continuous strip of any substance could be fed up to the cutting point, and
by means of the proper connection being made, marked, or perforated, or cut at.
recurringly the same or other fixed distances.
The apparatus above described may be worked by hand or power; it may be
worked from a treadle, by lever, revolving shaft, and rod, and crank, or eccentric
connections. The marking bar would then by preference be made to slide along,
but not to swivel on the hinge bar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OTTOMAN COUCHES, SOFAS, SETTEES, AND COMMODE CHAIRS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Priestley and Frederick
Priestley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th April
1879.
HENRY PRIESTLEY and FREDERICK PRIESTLEY, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Cabinet Makers and Upholsterers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF OTTOMAN COUCHES, SOFAS, SETTEES, AND COMMODE CHAIRS."
Our Invention relates to improved construction in the seats or lids of ottoman
couches, sofas, settees, and commode chairs, which are made to slide and also to
open or lift up, and which allows of fitting backs to the said couches, sofas, settees,
and chairs, adding much to their appearance, and which heretofore could not be
done, the opening of the seat or lid preventing the fixing of the back.
For this purpose we fix on the top and near the ends of an ordinary ottoman
couch box two wooden rails which are cut with grooves, and in which slide
projecting slides formed on each end of a wooden rail to which are fixed hinges,
and on to which is fitted and secured the framework of the seat or lid of the couch;
this seat is stuffed and covered with any suitable covering in the usual manner; a
back of any suitable design is fitted to the couch, and which is also stuffed and
covered. To open the seat or lid the wooden rail is brought forward and brings
with it the seat, the rail sliding in the grooves of the end rails; the seat or lid
is then lifted up and the stuffed part of the seat placed against the stuffed part
of the back, preventing damage; the sliding forwards and backwards of the seat
allows the fixing of a back which heretofore has been an impossibility.
Sofas and settees are constructed in a similar manner to that herein before
described, that is to say, with sliding and lifting seats, which allows the fixing of
backs, and which adds much to the appearance of the furniture.
The commode chairs are also constructed with side rails cut with grooves, in
which slides a rail which is fitted with hinges and to which is fixed the seat or lid,
and which seat being pulled forwards and coming in front falls down leaving the
commode open, and in closing the said commode the seat or lid is slid back; the
top of the seat may be stuffed and covered.
PROVEMENTS IN VENETIAN BLINDS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Rettie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1879.
JAMES RETTIE, of Hatton Garden, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer.
PROVEMENTS IN VENETIAN BLINDS."
"IM-
This Invention relates to improvements in venetian blinds.
According to my Invention the laths forming the blind instead of being strung
on the ordinary ladders are pivoted at the usual distances apart between or onto
two or more pitch chains or other flexible connections. These pitch chains pass at
the top each over a toothed wheel connected by a bar or spindle, by turning which
wheels the pitch chains may be raised or lowered as desired. This raising of the
chains also raised the laths or blind, and as they are raised they pass over the
toothed wheels and fall behind onto a suitable rest laying closely one upon the other,
and so taking up the least possible room. To lower blind the toothed wheels
are turned in the opposite direction. By this means the gathering together of the
laths does not take place in the middle of the window as with ordinary blinds,
which are raised by pulling upwards from the bottom lath, but is always at the top
and practically out of the way of the light, and the portion of the blind lowered
over the window is thus without the objectionable cluster of laths at the bottom as
with the blinds at present in use. To tilt the laths I prefer that they shall be
pivoted a little out of the centre, so that they will always incline naturally in one
direction. They are also all connected by a tape, the motion of which will place all
the laths at any given angle required, in which position they may be fixed by a
cord fastened to a suitable stud. The turning of the toothed wheels may be
accomplished in various ways. This may be done by an endless cord passing over
a pulley as with the ordinary linen blind. Or the winding up may be accomplished
by springs, as with ordinary spring rollers, or with any other suitable form of
spring; or the lowering of the blind may be made to wind a cord onto a roller, the
drawing down of which cord would give motion to the roller (on the same centre
as the toothed wheels) and so raise the blind. In short the necessary motions of
Where the
the toothed wheels may be accomplished by any convenient means.
pitch chains pass over the toothed wheels, I provide a guide covering so formed as
to straighten out and guide the chains onto the wheels and keep them well
together to ensure perfect action. The blind is lowered either by giving motion
directly to the toothed wheels or by pulling a cord attached to any suitable part of
the blind.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRODES USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF THE ELECTRIC LIGHT
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1879. A commu-
nication from abroad by Charles Jules Pierre Desnos, of Paris, France.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRODES USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF
THE ELECTRIC LIGHT." [A communication from abroad by Charles Jules Pierre
Desnos, of Paris, France.]
The carbons or electrodes used in the production of the electric light have hitherto
been made in one of the following ways, viz. :-
1st. Of gas retort coke squared or rounded by mechanical means.
2nd. Coke mixed with lamp black and a little flowers of sulphur, and agglome-
rated by a saccharine syrup and heat.
3rd. Of a metal rod placed in the centre of a narrow cylinder of magnesia.
4th. Of a metal rod placed in a cylinder of anthracite coal or a pyrite which is
a nonconductor of electricity.
Carbons made according to this Invention differ essentially from all these, inas-
much as they consist of a rod of iron or other metal placed in the middle of a
cylinder of carbon of a highly conducting kind, in order that the metal and the
carbon shall both serve to convey the current, which, instead of being confined to
the single central rod, distributes itself through the entire electrode, except that it
progresses gradually from the circumference to the centre. The entire surface of
the electrode is coated with a material impervious to the surrounding air, incom-
bustible, but a good conductor of electricity. Iron which is used by preference,
(although not to the exclusion of other metals), for the central rod of the electrode,
has the property of reducing the carbonic oxide at the same time that during the
combustion the oxide of iron is reduced by the carbon. This double phenomenon
augments both the heat produced and the light into which the heat is converted in
the voltaic arc.
By this Invention great advantages are secured. In the first place the length of
the "pencil" in combustion is considerably diminished, and hence it does not waste
away so quickly, its duration being in fact double that of those ordinarily used. The
material which I employ for coating the electrodes is a metallic sulphide electrically
deposited. The metal rod concentrates the greatest part of the current, and conse-
quently of the heat, and prevents unequal expansion of the carbon and keeps intact

page_text: the coating, by which the carbon is preserved against the oxygen of the air. With-
out the metal rod in the centre the exterior would be cracked by the heat, and the
air would come into contact with the carbon, and the advantage of the increased
duration would be partially lost. The metal core projects from the lower end of
the "pencil" about an inch, in order to be fixed in the binding screw by which the 5
current passes.
A NEW OR IMPROVED WINDOW-CLEANER, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR VARIOUS CLEANING PURPOSES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Gillings at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd April 1879.
JAMES GILLINGS, of North View House, Great Yarmouth, in the County of
Norfolk. "A NEW OR IMPROVED WINDOW-CLEANER, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR
VARIOUS CLEANING PURPOSES."
My Invention has for its object the production of an improved cleaner, whereby
in the case of shop windows same can be cleaned without the necessity of using
steps or ladders, as at present, such cleaner being also applicable for ordinary window
cleaning; likewise for cleaning walls and surfaces not easily reached.
-
In carrying out my Invention I adopt mainly the following arrangements:
To a handle, rod, or other suitable contrivance of any requisite length I fit a
piece of wood or other suitable material of any available shape, by preference that
of an equilateral triangle. This piece of wood is furnished with bearings fitted to
the back thereof, such bearings being connected to the rod or handle by pin or other
suitable means, but in such a position as to be free to revolve or turn on its centre.
To this piece of wood or other suitable material is affixed a facing of india-rubber,
hair, leather, or other suitable material. In applying my Invention, cloth, leather,
or substitute material is placed on or over the surface of rubber or hair, and by
means of the handle same is brought into operation, and the window cleaned by
pressure in the ordinary way, the shape of the surface and also the jointing per-
mitting the operator to effectually clean or operate upon the whole of the window.
The windows can if desired be washed by means of this arrangement without the
intervention of cloth, leather, or substitute material.
It is evident that this cleaner can be used for walls or other places requiring
cleaning or dusting.