IMPROVEMENTS IN INTERMITTENT COCKS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bernard Hippolyte Chameroy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st September 1883.
BERNARD HIPPOLYTE CHAMEROY, of Vesinet, in the republic of France
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INTERMITTENT COCKS
"
This invention relates to improvements in taps or cocks for preventing waste of
water,
It is well known that in a water supply a large quantity of water is wasted
through the carelessness of the consumers in neglecting to close the taps. Many
attempts have been made to prevent this waste, but none of the taps hitherto
constructed have produced the desired result.
In carrying out my invention I construct the tap of two pistons placed one
above the other in the interior of the tap the upper one of these pistons is provided
with a flange and an orifice for allowing the air-bubbles which might enter the
space or chamber between the two pistons to escape. A stopper fixed to a rod
closes this orifice and does not open it again until the handle or lever of the tap
carrying a cam as hereinafter described is lifted. The lower piston is also pro-.
vided with a flange and has attached thereto a valve hereinafter called the large
valve also provided with a flange as well as with two wings; the lower piston has
a hollow spindle through which passes a rod having a small valve at its upper end;
a spring is provided which causes the large valve and the piston connected there-
with to move upwards whilst the water flows through the hollow spindle of the
lower piston.
The operation of the improved tap is as follows;-When a quantity of
water is required the handle or lever is pressed down, which, in its turn, by
means of the cam, forces the rod carrying the stopper into the tap and presses
upon the upper piston and the water in the space or chamber between the
two pistons will operate the lower piston and its large valve which by opening
one of the passages in the tap allows the water to run out through the nozzle
of the tap. But even if the handle be kept depressed the water will not flow

page_text: continuously as the spring being pressed down by the depression of the handle will
then force back the large valve with the lower piston. This replacement of the
lower piston and valve is effected very slowly and in as much time as is required
for the water contained in the space or chamber between the two pistons to escape
through the small passage between the valve at the top of the rod in the lower
piston and its seat; the water contained in the space or chamber between the two
pistons will now under the action of the spring run off through the small valve
and passage in the lower piston. As soon as the large valve at the lower end of
the spindle of the lower piston has reached its seat no more water can flow. To
obtain a fresh flow the handle of the tap is lifted and with it the cam, thus
allowing the rod and upper piston to follow when pressed upwards by the water
which has entered the space or chamber through the passage and small valve in
the lower piston.
I sometimes employ a spring between the two pistons when the available
pressure is insufficient to force back the upper piston
When the handle of the tap is again lowered a quantity of water similar to that
first herein before described will be obtained-This quantity can be regulated at
will by widening or narrowing the passage between the small valve in the lower
piston and its seat-The herein before described arrangement allows the flow of the
water to be stopped at will. To effect this it is only necessary to raise the handle
of the tap. But whatever the position of the handle the water never can run
off continuously. I sometimes dispense with the flanges or rims on the two
pistons.
The lower piston may sometimes be constructed to work inside the upper piston
or vice versa.
Instead of the tap being opened by depressing the handle as hereinbefore
described it may be opened by raising the handle. On the handle, and with it the
cam, rising the upper piston is caused to follow by the pressure of the water below
it and the lower piston which has no longer to overcome any resistance also rises.
The lower piston being connected with the large valve the pressure of the water
forces this valve open and the water passes through and out of the tap. All this
time the spring acts on the lower piston and the water entering through the
passage of the small valve which in this arrangement is placed at the lower end
of the spindle of the lower piston flows through the passage in the spindle into the
space or chamber. Some moments after the pressure acts on the lower piston which
forces the large valve to close the passage in the tap and thus prevents all outflow
of the water.
If a fresh flow of water is desired the handle must be depressed when the cam
will force the rod of the upper piston downwards and cause the water contained in
the space or chamber to quickly escape through the small valve. On the handle
being raised again the water will immediately begin to flow as before.
In another arrangement the upper piston is provided with a flange or rim as
herein before described and is operated by a screw. The water in the space or
chamber pushes back the lower which forms the large valve hereinbefore described
and in the centre of which there is another or small valve. This latter serves to
regulate the escape of the water from the space or chamber as hereinbefore
described. When the large valve is pressed down the water passes through the
tap between the large valve and its seat. Even when the handle is released the
water will be stopped provided that the spring forces the large valve towards its
seat and closes the egress for the water after the water has had time to run out
from the space or chamber and through the passage in the small valve.
To obtain a fresh supply of water the handle of the tap must be turned in the
opposite direction when the water will pass into a recess in the lower part of the
tap pass through the small valve and drive the upper piston upwards and will flow
off as before described.
With this last arrangement I may also use as an alternative arrangement for
operating the tap, a screw, or a handle and cam attached thereto, or other suitable

page_text: lever, whether connected or not with the rod which communicates with the upper
piston.
In another arrangement I make the valve seat moveable. This seat consists of
a tube to which is attached a rod having a knob or button and the tube is provided
with orifices; the whole slides in a cylinder which, in combination with a screw
presses against a curved flange or rim projecting from the tube. The inner side of
this rim rests on a disc which serves as a stop and bears against a flange on a
cylinder let into a socket, in this second cylinder which is smooth inside and
provided with orifices a piston is placed which in its hollow part carries a spring;
at the other end of the piston is a thread and screw serving to hold a flange to the
inner part of the said second cylinder.
Inside of the piston slides a third cylinder provided with rims or flanges at each
end one of which serves as a seat for a valve and the other serves to close an
annular orifice between the outer surface of the said third cylinder and the inner
surface of the piston; an india rubber ring keeps one of the rims to its seat when
the moveable seat of the valve is withdrawn.
The operation of this arrangement is as follows:-
To draw water the button or knob of the tap is pressed and with it the rod, tube,
valve and piston; at the same time the springs compressing the water contained
in the chamber containing the spring flows out freely through the annular orifice
and through openings in connection therewith quickly emptying this chamber.
When the tube has been pressed as far as it can be, it will suffice to draw the
button or knob back whereupon the water will flow out through the nozzle of
the tap.
During this outflow the spring expands and presses against the piston, the
chamber containing the spring becomes filled with water coming through the
openings and through the annular orifice and through a small regulating orifice.
Some moments after one of the orifices in the cylinder let into the hereinbefore
described socket will be closed through the valve and as the water can no longer
pass through the tube all further outflow will be prevented. Whatever may be
the position of the tube in the tap, the outflow of the water will always be stopped
by the hereinbefore described arrangement. The outflow can also be stopped at
will by pressing the button or knob and thus forcing the tube towards the valve.
I may in some cases operate the said tube by means of a screw, a lever, a cam
attached to a lever, a handle, or in any other suitable manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Bernard Hippolyte Chameroy in the Patent Office on the
21st February 1884.
BERNARD HIPPOLYTE CHAMEROY of Vésinet, in the Republic of France
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INTERMITTENT COCKS"
This invention relates to improvements in taps or cocks for preventing waste of
water.
It is well known that in a water supply a large quantity of water is wasted
through the carelessness of the consumers in neglecting to close the taps; many
attempts have been made to prevent this waste, but none of the taps hitherto
constructed have produced the desired result.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will proceed to describe
the same by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1 represents a
section of a tap or cock constructed according to my invention the tap being shewn
open and drawn to a scale of twice its natural size; figure 2, is a similar view
drawn to the same scale and shewing the tap closed; Figures 3 to 8 are sectional
views of taps of different forms drawn full size and constructed on the same
principle varying only in the details.
A
I will first describe my invention by reference to figures 1 and 2, the tap shewn
in which is constructed as follows: D and F are two pistons placed one above the
other in the interior of the tap as shewn in the drawings the upper one of these
pistons D is provided with a flange P and an orifice Q, for allowing the air bubbles
which might enter the space or chamber E, between the two pistons to escape,.
stopper R fixed to a rod C closes this orifice and does not open it until the handle
or lever B of the tap carrying a cam as hereinafter described is lifted. The lower
piston F is also provided with a flange P¹, and has attached thereto a valve G, also
provided with a flange PII, as well as with two wings S S¹; the lower piston has
a hollow spindle L through the orifice T of which passes a rod U having a valve M
at its upper end; I is a spring which causes the valve G and the piston F
connected therewith to move upwards whilst the water flows through the orifice T.
The operation of the improved tap is as follows; When a quantity of water is
required the handle or lever B is pressed down which in its turn by means of the
cam A forces the rod C, carrying the stopper into the tap and presses upon the
upper piston D and the water in the space or chamber E, will operate the lower
piston F, and the valve G which by opening the passage O¹, allows the water to
run out through the nozzle of the tap 01. But even if the handle B, be kept
depressed the water will not flow continuously as the spring I, being pressed
down by the depression of the handle will force back the valve G, with the
piston F. This replacement of the piston F, and valve G, is effected very slowly
and in as much time as is required for the water contained in the space or
chamber E, to escape through the small passage between the valve M and.its seat K;
the water contained in the space or chamber E, will now, under the action of the
spring I, run off through the passage M K, and the passage T, in the rod L
soon as the valve G, has reached its seat H, no more water can flow; to obtain a
fresh flow the handle B, of the tap is lifted and with it the cam A, thus allowing
the rod C, and piston D, to follow when pressed upwards by the water which has
entered the space or chamber E, through the passage T, and valve M.
As
I sometimes employ a spring between the pistons F and D, when the available
pressure is insufficient to force back the upper piston.
When the handle B, of the tap is again lowered a like quantity of water to that
first herein before described will be obtained. This quantity can be regulated at

page_text: will by widening or narrowing the passage between the valve M and its seat K.
The herein before described arrangement allows the flow of the water to be stopped
at will. To effect this it is only necessary to raise the handle B of the tap but
whatever may be the position of the handle the water never can run off
continuously.
Figure 3, shews the two pistons D and F without flanges or rims. The
piston F, is in this case (as in the case of the tap shewn in figures 1 and 2)
connected with a valve G.
Figure 4, shows the piston F working inside the cylinder D.
Figure 5, shews the piston D, working inside the cylinder F, which is also
connected with a valve G.
The operation of the arrangements shewn in figures 3, and 5, is substantially
the same as that described when referring to figures 1 and 2, as the volume of
water contained between the pistons serves to operate the parts as well as to
regulate the rate at which the tap is to allow the water to escape.
In the arrangement shewn in figure 6, the tap is opened by raising the
handle B instead of depressing it. On the handle B and with it the cam A,
rising, the piston D is caused to follow by the pressure of the water below it and
the piston F, which has no longer to overcome any resistance also rises. The lower
piston being connected with the valve G, the pressure of the water forces this
valve open and the water passes from O into O' and out of the tap through 0" -
During this time the spring I, acts on the piston F, and the water entering
through the passage which in this arrangement is placed at the lower end of the
spindle of the lower piston flows through the passage of the spindle into the space
or chamber E. Some moments after the pressure acts on the piston F, which forces
the valve G, to close the passage O₁, and thus prevents all outflow of the water
through the nozzle O".
On
If a fresh flow of water be desired the handle B, must be depressed when the
cam A will force the rod of the piston D, downwards and cause the water
contained in the space or chamber E, to quickly escape through the valve M.
the handle B, being raised again the water will immediately begin to flow as
before.
Figure 7, shews an arrangement in which the piston G, provided with a flange
or rim H, is operated by a screw J. The water in the space or chamber K, pushes
back the cylindrical valve C, in the centre of which there is another valve I, this
latter serves to regulate the escape of the water from the space or chamber K,
herein before described when referring to figures 1 and 2. .The valve C, has a
screw thread to hold its rim D.-When the valve C, is pressed down the water
passes through the tap from O, into O¹, between the said valve C, and its seat L,
and escapes through the nozzle O". Even when the handle M is released the
water will be stopped provided the spring F forces the valve C, towards its seat L,
and closes the egress for the water after the water has had time to run out from
the space or chamber K and through the passage in the valve I.
To obtain a fresh supply of water the handle of the tap must be turned in the
opposite direction when the water will pass into the hollow part of the cap B, and
through the valve I, and drive the piston G, upwards and flow off as before
described.
With this last described arrangement I may also use as an alternative arrange-
ment for operating the tap a screw or a handle and cam attached thereto, or other
suitable lever, whether connected or not with the rod which communicates with
the upper piston
Figure 8, shews an arrangement in which the valve seat is movable. This seat
consists of a tube A, to which is attached a rod B, having a knob or button E and
the tube is provided with orifices 0, 0, 0*; the whole slides in a cylinder F,
which in combination with a screw G, presses against a curved flange or rim H,
projecting from the tube A. The inner side of this rim rests on a disc I which
serves as a stop and bears against a flange on the Cylinder J let into a socket K.

page_text: In the cylinder J, which is smooth inside and provided with orifices 0³, 03, 0³, &
piston L, is placed which in its hollow part M, carries a spring N; at the other end
of the piston is a thread P and screw Q serving to hold a flange R to the inner part
of the cylinder J:
Inside the piston L, slides a cylinder T, provided with rims or flanges V and Vi
at each end. The rim V₁, serves as a seat for a valve C and the other rim V
serves to close an annular orifice Z, between the outer surface of the cylinder T
and the inner surface of the piston L. V is an india rubber ring which serves to
keep the rim U, to its seat when the moveable seat A of the valve C, is
withdrawn.
The operation of this arrangement is as follows:-To draw water the button or
knob E of the tap is pressed and with it the rod B tube A valve C and piston L;
at the same time the spring N is compressed, the water contained in the chamber ✗
flows out freely through the annular orifice Z and through openings S. S¹, quickly
emptying this chamber.
When the tube A has been pressed as far as it can be it will suffice to draw back
the button or knob E, whereupon the water will flow out through the nozzle 05;
of the tap. During this outflow the spring N expands and presses against the
piston L the chamber X, becomes filled with water coming through the openings S, S',
and through the anuular orifice Z and through a small regulating orifice Y. Some
moments after the orifices 0³, will be closed through the valve C, and as the water
can no longer pass through the tube A all further outflow will be prevented.
Whatever may be the position of the tube A in the tap, the outflow of the water
will always be stopped by the hereinbefore described arrangement. The outflow
can also be stopped at will by pressing the button or knob E and thus forcing the
tube towards the valve C.
I may in some cases operate the said tube by means of a screw, lever, cam
attached to a lever, a handle or in any other suitable manner.
Having thus described my said invention and suitable means of carrying the
same into successful operation I wish it to be understood that what I claim is :-
The manufacture and use of intermittent cocks or taps in which a body or
volume of water is interposed between certain inner parts (such as pistons or the
like) of the tap, the outflow of this water being regulated by the space provided
for this purpose between the pistons or other interior parts whereby an intermittent
action is produced so as to prevent a continuous outflow of water substantially as
herein before described and represented in the accompanying drawing.
In witness whereof I the said Bernard Hippolyte Chameroy have hereto set
my hand and seal this nineteenth day of February in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
וזמל
RD HITFOLYTE CHAMEROI. (L.S.)
TATATATAT