IMPROVE- MENTS IN CLOSET PANS AND SEATS
Year: 1885

page_text: ..I, THOMAS BENJAMIN WELLER of Eastgate Street, Lewes, in the County of
Sussex, Plumber do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CLOSET PANS AND SEATS" to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object the ventilation of a closet pan in such manner
as to effectually prevent the gases and effluvia arising from the contents thereof
while the same is in use, from escaping, through the space between the top edge of
the pan and the underside of the seat, into the house, and thus becoming a
nuisance and source of danger to the occupants.
My invention' consists in the following arrangements: I form in the upper part
of the closet pan either solid therewith, or connected' thereto in any suitable
manner, a nozzle or branch opening into the interior of the said pan above the
water line, and on to the outer end thereof I attach a ventilating pipe which may
be carried in any convenient manner to the outer air and be preferably provided
with a ventilating cowl or other device for causing a current of air to ascend from
the pan to the outer air. On the top edge of the pan and preferably in a recess
formed therein, I place a ring or rings of India rubber or other suitable material so
arranged as to form an airtight packing between the top edge of the pan and the
underside of the seat and thus prevent the admission of foul gases or effluvia into
the space under such seat and thence into the house.
Or instead of a packing ring I employ a ring or cylinder fixed to the underside
of the seat and arranged to dip into a recess on the top edge of the pan which
recess may be filled with sand or liquid in order to form a more or less gas and
airtight joint.

page_text: Improvements in Closet Pans and Seats.
I, THOMAS BENJAMIN WELLER, of Eastgate Street, Lewes, in the County of
Sussex, Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying sheet
of drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon:-
This invention has for its object the ventilation of a closet pan in such manner
as to effectually prevent the gases and effluvia arising from the contents thereof,
while the same is in use, from escaping through the space between the top edge.
of the pan and the underside of the seat, into the house, and thus becoming a
nuisance and source of danger to the occupants.
My invention consists in the following arrangements. I form in the upper part
of the closet-pan either solid therewith, or connected thereto in any suitable
manner, a nozzle or branch, opening into the interior of the said pan above the
water line, and on the outer end thereof I attach a ventilating pipe which may be
carried in any convenient manner to the outer air and be preferably provided with
a ventilating cowl or other device for causing a current of air to ascend from the
pan to the outer air. On the top edge of the pan, and preferably in a recess
formed therein, I place a ring, or rings, of india-rubber, or other suitable material,
so arranged as to form an air-tight packing between the top edge of the pan and
the underside of the seat, and thus prevent the admission of foul gases or effluvia
into the space under such seat and thence into the house.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in vertical section a closet
pan and portion of seat with my invention applied thereto. A. is, the pan which
may be of any of the well-known shapes or designs with the usual overflow B, C is
a nozzle or branch for the attachment of a ventilating pipe and cowl as before
described, D is a ring of india-rubber or other suitable material preferably recessed
into the top of the pan A as shown, forming an air-tight packing between the pan
and the underside of, the seat E, thus, effectually preventing the escape of foul
gases or effluvia from the pan except through the ventilating nozzle C.
Figure 2 shows a modification of the section of the air-tight packing.
Instead of a packing ring, I sometimes employ a ring or cylinder fixed to the
underside of the seat and arranged to dip into a recess on the top edge of the pan
which recess may be filled with sand or liquid in order to form a more or less gas
and airtight joint or lute..
Figure 3 illustrates this modification of my invention. A is the pan with the
recess A¹ containing sand or liquid into which dips the ring F which is secured to
the underside of the seat E.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
In closet pans and seats the employment of a more or less air tight packing,
jointing, or lute between the top edge of the pan and the underside of the seat in
combination with a ventilating pipe, substantially as hereinbefore described, and
illustrated in the Drawings hereto annexed, and for the purpose specified.

page_text: .
I, WILLIAM HENRY ROSE, of the City of Baltimore and State of Maryland, one
of the United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDING DEVICES FOR NECK AND OTHER WEAR,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
.
This invention consists, first, in the combination, with the shield of a scarf, of
an eyelet of a peculiar shape and construction, and a spring clasping device to
prevent the withdrawal of the stud or collar button after its insertion to, and
adjustment within the said eyelet. It further consists in the construction of the
said eyelet, as will hereinafter fully appear.
In the accompanying drawing,-
Figures I and II are respectively, a front and a rear view of the invention.
Figure III is a section of the eyelet by itself, and as it would appear if removed
from the shield without alteration. Figure IV is a flat view of the eyelet before
its edge is turned over. Figure V is an edge view of Figure IV. Figure VI
illustrates a modification of Figure I.
°
A is the shield of the scarf, and B an eyelet rivited in the shield so as to clamp
the edges of a slot, a, in the same. The lower portion of the eyelet, B is of such
size as to admit of the passage. through it of the front portion, b, of the collar-
button C; and the other portion of the eyelet is only large enough to enclose
loosely the neck of the said button.
DD are springs which in Figures I and II are secured by means of a rivet to
a plate, E, fastened to the shield by its ends being passed through it and turned
over. By reference to the drawing it will be seen that the springs D are bent in
such shape as to practically separate the slot a into two parts; when therefore the
button is inserted in the lower and larger portion of the slot, and carried past
the springs into the narrow portion of the same, it is held securely therein.
Projections, d, on the plate E serve to prevent undue distension of the springs D.
In Figure VI, the springs D are shown as soldered to the plate E instead of
being held by a rivet.
•
By referring to Figure V, it will be seen that the eyelet before its insertion to
the shield of the scarf, consists of a continuous strip of sheet metal of an L cross-
section, and annular in form.

page_text: To secure the eyelet in place the body is turned over and made parallel with the
flange f, as shown in Figure III of the drawing.
It will be understood that for many purposes the eyelet can be used without the
spring-clasping device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In combination with the shield of a neck scarf, the elongated eyelet B, having
one of its ends of greater width than the other, combined with the springs D the
same being bent substantially as shown, whereby. the said eyelet is divided into
two portions, substantially as, and for the purpose specified..
2. The eyelet of annular shape, with a lateral extension of reduced width,
formed of a continuous strip of sheet metal, with two flanges set at a right angle,
substantially as specified.
1