Year: 1886

page_text: I, WILLIAM START, of Arboretum Works, North Sherwood Street, Nottingham,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
Each machine consists of two end standards connected at their upper end by a
tie bar and at their lower end by two stretchers the standards carry bearings for
two shafts which are parallel to each other, one of these shafts projects beyond one
of the standard and is provided with a fly wheel and a fast pulley and a loose
pulley for a driving strap, this shaft carries three pair of cams, each pair of which
operate a pair of truck bearing levers which rock on the shaft parallel to the cam
shaft, from the lower side of the tie bar at its centre, a vertical rod projects on the
lower end of which a circular plate slides vertically this plate is provided on its
circumference with leads carrying sinker hooks of any required guage, a presser
bit is placed between the sinkers when bearded needles are employed the rising
and falling of the sinker plate is effected by one pair of the truck bearing levers
being hinged to the upper ends of a pair of vertical rods having their lower ends
secured in the sinker plate.
Above the sinker plate is fixed a circular bed provided with a sley in which
tricks are cut, in each of which a slide moves to and fro radially, each slide being
provided with a rocking locker plate each of which releases or secures a lead
provided with one or more bearded or tumbler needles, the outer ends of which
pass to and fro between the sinkers.
The whole circle of slides are moved inwards and outwards by right angled jacks
the lower ends of which are connected to the slides and their upper ends are
provided with a projecting stud, these studs lie in a groove cut in the circumference
of a sley in which the jacks rock, this sley is secured to an upper projecting Hange
of the fixed circular bed before described, the jacks are kept in position by a loose
ring encircling the whole of them, the jacks are rocked by their inner ends taking
into a groove cut in the circumference of a circular plate which has a rising and
falling movement communicated to it by being connected to the lower ends of two
vertical rods having their upper ends hinged to a second pair of the truck bearing
levers before named.
Each standard is provided with a pair of bearings in each of which a plunger
rod slides vertically the upper end of these rods are each hinged to the lower end

page_text: of a link each of which at its upper end is hinged to one of the third pair of truck
bearing levers before named.
The plunger rods carry a circular sole bar to which a rising and falling
movement is given by the truck bearing levers.
The sole bar carries two circular guide bars one above and the other below it,
each bar being provided with leads of thread guides which radiate towards the
centre, the guide bars are kept in position by clips secured to the sole bar, each
guide bar can be revolved the reverse way to the other or both together either way
by the following means.
Each circular guide bar has teeth cut on the whole of its circumference and is
operated by a toothed wheel at the lower end of a vertical shaft revolving in
bearings secured to the sole bar and tie bar, the upper end of each shaft being
provided with a toothed wheel operated by a worm wheel on the cam shaft.
Each circular guide bar is provided with bearings for the requisite number of
warp spools which revolve or are traversed with it.
When plain or patterned warp fabrics are required to be made the circular guide
bars are operated by ordinary pattern wheels and levers. The machine is provided
with a roller to receive the fabrie below the operating parts and is operated by a
cam and levers in the usual way.
Upon a machine constructed as above described either single or double traversed
warp fabric or net, plain or patterned warp lace, taffeta and knotted fabrics may
be made.

page_text: I WILLIAM START of Arboretum Works, North Sherwood Street Nottingham
Machinist do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a front view of the machine with the plates carrying the
operating instruments in section.
Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the machine looking from the right end.
Figure 3 is a plan showing the relative positions of a sole plate carrying two
revolving circular guide bars, two vertical shafts, two toothed wheels, and two
worm wheels on the cam shaft, the above Figures are drawn one quarter the
full size.
Figure 4 shows a full sized sectional view of the operating instruments in their
relative positions.
Figures 5 to 13, portions of the machine, shown separately and severally referred
to hereafter, and
}
Figures 14, 15 and 16 show full sized side views of the several cams employed.
The corresponding parts in each figure are indicated by the same letters where
necessary.
Each machine consists of two end standards A connected at their upper end by
a tie bar A¹ and at their lower end by two stretchers A³, the standards have
brackets projecting from them which carry bearings for two shafts B and B¹. The
shaft B is provided with a fly wheel and a fast pulley and a loose pulley for a
driving strap, this shaft carries three pairs of cams, each pair of which operate
a pair of truck bearing levers, the two central pairs of which rock upon the
shaft B¹ which is parallel with the cam shaft, the two outer levers forming the
third pair are secured to and rock with the shaft B¹.
From the lower side of the slotted tie bar at its centre a boss projects in which a
vertical rod C is secured on the lower end of which a circular plate C slides
vertically, this plate is provided on its circumference with leads carrying sinker
hooks C of any required guage shown at Figures 1, 2, 4, and a front view of one
such lead at Figure 5, presser bits C are placed between the sinkers when bearded
needles are employed, the rising and falling of the sinker plate is effected by one
pair of double ended truck bearing levers C rocking upon the shaft B¹ being
hinged to the upper ends of a pair of vertical rods C³ the lower end of each of
which is secured to the sinker plate by an axle pin passed through it and a stud
on each side of it, which projects from the sinker plate, each lever is operated by a
cam C which acts upon the truck on the outer end of the lever, the truck on the
lower end of the lever being operated by a counter cam C7, a side view of one pair
of cams is shown at Figure 14, Above the sinker plate is a double flanged circular
bed D, which is securely fixed to the vertical rod C, the lower flange is provided
2

page_text: with a circular brass sley D¹ in which tricks are cut, these tricks radiate from the
centre and in each a slide D² moves to and fro, each slide is provided with a locker
plate D³, the sides of which clip the slide and rock upon an axle pin secured in it,
each locker plate when in the position shown at Figures 1, 2 and 4 secures a lead
of needles, one of these leads is shown in plan at Figure 6 on the slide, the lower
edge of the lead is grooved to receive the top of the slide upon which it is firmly
pressed by the locker plate, when a needle is broken, the lead may be readily
released by simply turning the locker plate up into the position shown by dotted
lines at Figure 4, the lead can then be taken off and a new one substituted, each
lead is provided with the requisite number or bearded or tumbler needles, bearded
needles are shown in the Drawings, the outer ends of these needles pass to and fro
between the sinkers at each course being operated by the following means.
Each of the whole circle of slides are moved inwards and outwards by right
angled jacks D a jack is shown in edge view at Figure 7, the lower end of each
jack carries a stud which takes into a hole in the back end of the slide, above the
lower stud each jack is provided with a projecting stud on one side, which lies in a
groove cut in the circumference of a slotted sley D' in which the jacks rock, this
sley is secured to the upper flange De of the fixed circular bed before described, and
shown separately in plan at Figure 8, the jacks are kept in position by a loose
ring E encircling the whole of them, the inner edge of the ring rests upon the
outer upper edge of the sley D' and has four arms secured to it the lower ends of
which are attached to a light ring E' which rests upon the tops of the needle leads
before named, this ring prevents a needle lead from rising up when the fabric is
pressed off the needles and thereby avoids breakage.
The circular plate C' carries two vertical pins Cs which slide vertically in holes
in the lower flange of the circular bed D, this arrangement prevents vibration and
ensures the sinkers alway being in a central position between the next adjacent
needles.
The jacks are rocked by their inner ends taking into a groove cut in the circum-
ference of a circular plate F, shown separately in plan at Figure 9, this circular
plate has a rising and falling movement communicated to it by the following
means.
The boss of the plate F carries a short axle pin on each side which are connected
to the lower ends of two vertical rods F¹ having their upper ends hinged to a
second pair of truck bearing levers projecting from a boss F which rocks upon the
shaft Bi before named, the truck on the outer end of one lever being operated by
a cam F³ and the truck on the lower end of the other lever being operated by a
counter cam F', both cams being shown in side view at Figure 15.
Each standard on one side has two projecting brackets upon which a pair of
bearings G are secured, each bearing is capable of adjustment by means of two set
screws and lock nuts, shown in plan at Figure 3, in each pair of bearings a plunger
rod G¹ slides vertically, the upper end of these rods are each hinged to the lower
end of a link G2 each of which at its upper end is hinged to one of the third pair
of truck bearing levers G³, these levers are each operated by a cam G³, one of
which is shown in side view at Figure 16, these cams communicate a rising and
falling movement to a circular sole bar G³ which is attached to the plunger rods.
The sole bar carries two circular guide bars G6 G7, one above and the other
below it, each bar is provided with leads of thread guides G the guides in which
radiate towards the centre of the machine, one such lead of guides is shown in plan
at Figure 10.
The upper guide bar Ge as it is revolved or traversed slides upon the sole bar,
and the lower guide bar G' is kept in position by, and slides upon four clips G³
secured to the sole bar, either bar can be revolved the reverse way to the other or
both together either way by the following means. Each guide bar has teeth cut
round the whole of its circumference, only a few of these teeth are shown in the
Drawings Figures 3 and 11, the teeth of the upper guide bar engages with a
toothed wheel G and the teeth of the lower guide bar engages with a toothed

page_text: wheel G₁, the wheel Q₁ is shown the full size in gear with portion of the guide
bar G at Figure 11, each of the toothed wheels is secured on the lower end of a
vertical shaft which revolves in a bearing capable of adjustment on a bearing
bracket G¹ which is secured to the sole bar and shown in plan at Figure 3, the
upper end of each shaft revolves in a bearing G³ shown only at Figures 1 and 2,
the shafts are each provided with a toothed wheel H portion only of these teeth
are shown in plan at Figure 3, each wheel is partially revolved by a worm
wheel H¹ secured on the cam shaft B at each revolution.
The worm wheel at the right end of the machine is shown one half the full size
in side view at Figure 12 and an edge view at Figure 13.
The upper circular guide bar is provided with as many bearing brackets I as are
required, the number varying with the diameter of the guide bars, the lower guide
bar is provided with a like number of bearing brackets 1¹, each bracket carries one
end of two spindles I' upon which two next adjacent warp spools K revolve, one
end of each spool is provided with a grooved pulley and a hooked bracket round
each of which an india rubber band I³ is passed by which the required tension is
put upon the warp threads in the usual way, the spindles are retained in the
bearings on the upper guide bar by split pins I and in those of the lower guide
bar by springs 15 both of which are shown at Figure 4. The whole of the warp
spools either traverse or are revolved with their respective guide bars.
Instead of placing the vertical shafts above the guide bars as shown in the
Drawings I may employ a counter shaft at the left end of the machine outside the
standard and arrange it to drive vertical shafts placed below the sole plate to
operate the guide bars, such arrangement will enable me to lower the upper warp
spools and place them on a level with the upper guide bar if required. When the
guide bars are revolved they move in a reverse direction as indicated by the arrows
shown at Figure 3.
The highest position of the guide leads G8, the sinker hooks C³, and pressure
bits C are indicated by dotted lines at Figure 4 when the work has been knocked
over the heads of the needles by the completion of the inner movement of the
slides D, the back position of one such slide is also shown by the dotted lines at
Figure 4.
When plain or patterned warp fabrics are required to be made instead of the
circular guide bars being revolved as above described either or both bars are
operated by ordinary pattern wheels and levers, one such pattern wheel H³ is
shown in plan at Figure 11 the bar to which the pattern wheel is applied is
provided with a projecting stop piece H3 which is held to the pattern wheel by
one end of a spring being attached to it the other end being attached to the sole
plate or other convenient part of the machine.
The machine is provided with a work roller to receive the fabric below the
circular sinker plate, the roller being operated by a cam and levers in the
usual way.
Having now described the several parts of the machine separately, I will
describe the combined movements of the operating instruments while making one
course of work.
The needles being out, and the sinkers and guides being down in their relative
positions, shown at Figure 4. The guides rise up through the needles, the top
guides are traversed to the left and the bottom guides to the right, in which
position they are lowered through the needles to their lowest point, the needles
are drawn in to place the inner ends of their beards against the sinker presser bits,
the beards being slightly depressed by the bits as the needles are drawn in, the
previous loops being landed on the beards, the inward movement of the needles
being continued until their heads are level with the nebs of the sinkers, the
sinkers then rise to allow the heads of the needles to pass under the nebs, the
work being knocked over the heads of the needles by the bellies of the sinkers, as
the sinkers rise, and the needles complete their inward movement, the sinkers are
then lowered to place the work under the arches of the sinkers, and the needles

page_text: resume their first outward position and the movements are repeated for the next
course.
Thus upon a machine constructed and operating as above described I am enabled
to make single traversed net with one bar or both bars, or double traversed net
with the two bars being reversely traversed, or I can make patterned warp
lace, taffeta, or knotted fabrics, by changing the pattern wheels according to
requirements.
I would here remark that after the filing of my Provisional Specification,
I became aware of the prior Provisional Specification filed (and subsequently
abandoned) by William Ball of Ilkeston No 357 in the year 1853, and also
I became aware that the said William Ball, has constructed two machines in
accordance with his invention.
With the exception of these I am not aware that any circular traversed warp
machines have previously been constructed. Ball's machines differ from mine in
many important particulars and especially in that the needles from which the
fabric hangs, and which are exposed constantly to the strain resulting from the
necessary tension of the fabric, have in order to produce the work to move up and
down between the thread guides, whereas in my machine, the needles have only to
move radially. It results from this change that my machines can work at a great
speed and with little wear and tear, they are simple in their construction and not
liable to derangement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
E
"1. A traversed warp machine in which the needles are arranged in a circle
upon a stationary bed or frame and move radially thereon, and in which the
" thread guides are carried by rings which rotate or traverse and have also a
movement which carries the thread guides between the needles substantially as
" described."
"
"2. A traversed warp machine substantially as described and represented by the
" annexed Drawings."
A