Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines or Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Sept., 1897-Accepted, 9th Oct., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines or
Motors.
I, CHARLES EDOUARD CAIL, Administrator-Delegate of the Ste. Anonyme,
d'Automobilisme et de Cyclisme of 32 Rue Caumartin, Paris in the Republic of
France, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:
-
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in internal com-
bustion engines or motors generally and more particularly those to be used for.
propelling vehicles.
The object of these improvements is chiefly to prevent the vibrations which are.
noticeable in the vehicles provided with the motors at present in use, to con-
siderably lighten the cylinders and to ensure a better carburisation of the air
drawn in by the pistons.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1 is a sectional.elevation of an equilibrated motor according to the present
invention,
Figure 2 a horizontal cross section on line 1-2 of Figure 1, and
Figure 3 a central longitudinal section of the carburettor.
The motor according to the present invention comprises several juxtaposed
cylinders, the motor illustrated by way of example in the drawing having two
cylinders A and A', independent of each other and mounted on the same casing B
which serves as a bed-plate. This casing carries the bearings receiving the journals
of the crank shafts C and C provided with balance-weights D and D and driven
by rods E and E¹ respectively connected to the pistons F and F. On the cranks C
and C¹ on the opposite side to the balance weights, are mounted cylindrical toothed
wheels G and Gi of equal size.
All these parts: cranks, balance-weights and gears are enclosed in the casing B..
where they work in oil. Only one of the crank shafts, say C₁, carries the fly
wheel H and at the other end 'at I', the ignition mechanism for the cylinder A¹.
The other crank shaft C only carries at I the ignition mechanism for its cylinder A..
Each cylinder has a separate valve gear similar, like the ignition devices, to
those of ordinary motors.
The cylinder walls A and A¹ are very thin and strengthened by ties K, the
heads Ki of which are let in into the upper flanges of the cylinders, the other
ends being screw-threaded for receiving nuts Ka sunk in the opposite flanges,
said nuts being suitably tightened to stretch the ties K. A sufficient number of
such ties considerably strengthen the cylinders and enables the latter to be made
much thinner, thus considerably reducing the weight of the motor.
The cranks C and C are opposite each other and rotate in the opposite directions
wing to the engagement of the toothed wheels G and G. Each piston F Ft com-
pletes a four-stroke cycle and the two cycles are so performed relatively to each.
other as to effect one explosion for each revolution of the fly-wheel. The pistons.

page_text: have the same advance-movement, that is to say they move together and when
the explosion acts, say on F¹, the piston F, is drawing in its charge and vice-versa,
which is easily obtained by suitably arranging the valve-gear. In this way the
shocks produced by the explosion or compression of gases on one of the pistons
are compensated for by the shocks on the other piston, which act in the opposite
direction.
The momenta of the two balance weights D and D' are added to the force of the
explosion the result being a complete suppression of vibrations.
The carburettor for this motor comprises a chamber a to which oil is supplied
through a nozzle bending in a capillary orifice 6' which may be closed by the
point of a rod c. This rod can move in a passage made for the purpose in the
wall of the chamber a, and is under the influence of a spring c¹ which always tends
to hold it against one of the ends of a lever whose other end carries a float e
which may be lowered from the outside by pressing on a spring-knob arranged
for the purpose on the cover of the chamber a. The oil passes through the
conduits n to a capillary orifice n², at a small distance above which there is a
disk O arranged like the orifice n in the centre of the chamber communicating
on one side with a hot air-supply pipe Q and on the other side with a suction
pine R leading to the cylinders A and A1 (Figs. 1 and 2) and with a pipe S opening
into the atmosphere. A cock or plug T which can be operated from the outside
by means of a small levert can partly or entirely close the opening through which
the pipe R communicates with the chamber l.
The oil is always maintained at a suitable level X-X. When the engine is to
be started, the fly-wheel H is rotated as usual and the knob f is pressed so as to
sufficiently lower the float e. The result is that the level of the carburetted liquid
in the chamber a and conduit n¹ rises, and the oil escapes in the shape of a very
thin sheet under the disc o. During the suction period the air entering by the
pipe Q takes up the liquid thus divided, becomes suitably carburetted, and the
mixture passes to the cylinders through the pipe R, together with the cold air
drawn in through the branch S. When the explosion takes places the knob fis
released, and the suction produced by the piston draws in the oil through the
opening under the disc o where it mixes with the hot air arriving through the
branch Q, and the same operations are repeated as described.
When the level of the oil sinks, the float e descends and turns the lever d. The
rod c rises under the influence of the spring c¹, its point opens the passage 61
through which the liquid enters the chamber a which is arranged lower than the
supply tank which communicates with the branch b. When the level rises the
float e also rises, the lever d lowers the point of the rod c into the passage b¹ and
shuts off the supply of oil to the chamber a.
By suitably turning the plug T the mixture can be easily regulated, and by
closing by means of the same plug the orifice through which the chamber and
the pipe R communicates with each other, the motor can be stopped the pistons
then drawing in air only through the branch Q.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. An equilibrated internal combustion engine characterised by the arrange-
ment of the lightened parallel cylinders placed side by side on the same
casing provided with an oil-bath, crank shafts carrying balance weights, the actions
of which take place in the same direction, and wheels of equal size engaging with
each other each cylinder being independent of the other or others and being
provided with separate valve-gearing, the cylinders working on the four-stroke
cycle, one cylinder being two strokes in advance of the other; the explosive
mixture being produced in a carburettor provided with a float, in which the
oil-outlet is surmounted by a disc for distributing the liquid, substantially as
described and for the purposes specified.

page_text: 2. In an internal combustion engine a cylinder or cylinders with thin walls,
strengthened by lateral ties extending between the opposite flanges of the cylinder
substantially as described.
3. In an internal combustion engine the arrangement on parallel crank shafts
of toothed wheels engaging with each other, substantially as described and for
the purpose specified.
4. A carburettor for internal combustion engines comprising a channel with an
inner float supported by a lever connected to a rod with tapering point for opening
or closing the oil inlet, a chamber communicating with the first one through an
oil supply conduit surmounted by a distributing disc; this second chamber also
communicating on one side with a pipe supplying hot air and, on the other side,
with a pipe leading to the cylinder, the communication with which can be regulated
or altogether cut off by means of a plug communicating with the atmosphere,
substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete internal
combustion motor, substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2
of the accompanying drawings.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete car-
burettor substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the accompanying
drawings.
· ש.י.ת
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