Improved Construction of Kiln for Calcining Flints.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1995-Accepted, 2nd Nov.,
1895
Improved Construction of Kiln for Calcining Flints.
I, JOHN CUTHBERT BAILEY Bradwell Lodge, Porthill, Wolstanton, Stoke-
on-Trent Staffs, Potter, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This my invention has reference to an improved construction of kiln for use in
calcining or reducing flint stones and similar quartz to a friable condition by the
action of heat, the object of my invention being to save time, labour and fuel.
In carrying my said invention into practice I build such kilns circular in plan
view and of any suitable size, the interior of such kilns I make somewhat in the
shape of an inverted frustrum of a cone of or from fire-brick or the like material
of suitable thickness or thicknesses, having any convenient number of apertures of
suitable shape and size in a downward diagonal direction through the said inner fire-
brick lining for a suitable distance from the bottom or throat of such kilns, a tlue of
suitable height and width lined with fire-brick or similar suitable material which
surrounds the bottom of such kilns being covered with fire-brick or other suitable
material so as to support the heat resisting brickwork or material between the
several vertical or nearly vertical flues which surround the interior fire-brick
wall or lining above the circumferential flue, which vertical flues extend from
the curved bottom of such kilns to, or a short distance above the upper circle
of diagonal apertures, the top inner part of such kilns I build arched or curved
with fire-brick or similar material, and in the lower part of the outer circunferential
wall of ordinary brickwork and below the bottom of such kilns I erect two or
more suitable fire-grates, each fire-grate provided with a suitable fuel hopper,
ordinary brickwork of suitable thickness being built around the interior fire-brick
portion of each kiln, and strengthened by any suitable number of wrought-iron or
other suitable metallic bands, an opening of suitable size being formed in or
through the arch or inner curved part of the roof at the upper end of such kilns
to serve as a chimney, and an aperture of suitable size in a diagonal direction
through the top part of the kiln for permitting flints or the like to be charged into
the interior of the kiln.
When fuel on the grates is lighted, the flames, smoke and heat from such fuel
ascend into, and flow or travel through the flue surrounding the lower narrow part
or throat of such kilns, from thence it passes into the several vertical flues and
downward through the several diagonal openings or apertures into the interior of
such kilns on to and between the flints which have been previously charged or
shot into the interior of such kilns, the lower portion of the first charge of flints
resting upon the arched bottom of such kilns below the lower circle of the said
diagonal apertures, the flints as calcined falling or descending into a chamber or
vault erected or formed below the bottom of such kilus, from which vault or
chamber the calcined flints or other quartz are cleared or withdrawn by any
suitable means.
Dated this 24th day of November 1901
JOHN NEWTON,
Longport, Staffs, Agent for Applicant.

page_text: I, JOHN CUTHBERT BAILEY Bradwell Lodge, Porthill Wolstanton Stoke-on-
Trent Earthenware Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This my invention has reference to an improved construction of kiln for use in
calcining, or reducing flint stones and similar quartz to a friable condition by the
action of heat; the object of this my invention being to save time, labour and
fuel.
In carrying my said invention into practice I build such kilns circular in plan
view, and of any suitable size, the interior of such kilns I make somewhat in the
shape of an inverted frustrum of a coue of or from fire-brick or the like material
of suitable thickness or thicknesses having any convenient number of apertures of
suitable shape and size in a downward diagonal direction through the said inner
fire-brick lining for a suitable distance from the bottom or throat of such kilns, a
flue of suitable height and width lined with fire-brick or similar suitable material
which surrounds the bottom of such kilns being covered with fire-brick or other
suitable material so as to support the heat resisting brickwork or material between
the several vertical or nearly vertical flues which surround the interior fire-brick
wall or lining above the said circumferential flue, which vertical flues extend
from the curved bottom of such kilns to, or a short distance above the upper
row or circle of diagonal apertures. The top inner part of such kilns I build
arched or curved with fire-bricks or similar material, and in the lower part of the
outer or circumferential wall of ordinary brickwork, and below the bottom of such
kilns I erect two or more suitable fire-grates, each fire-grate being provided with
a suitable fuel-hopper. An opening of suitable shape and size being formed in
and through the arch or inner curved part of the roof at the upper end of such
kilns to serve as a chimney, and an aperture of suitable size in a diagonal direction
through the roof or top part of such kilns for permitting flints or the like to be
charged into the interior of the kiln.
In order that my said invention may be more readily understood and explained
in detail I have hereunto annexed a sheet of drawings on which letters of reference
are marked on corresponding parts on all the figures alike.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the half of a calcining kiln constructed according
to my invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the kiln shewn at Figure 1, the inner fire-
brick lining may be in one thickness as shewn on one side, or in two thicknesses as
shewn on the other side.
Figure 3. is a sectional elevation through the annular and vertical flues of the
kiln shewn at Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 4 is a sectional plan view taken through the line y-y on Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a sectional plan view taken through the line x-x on Figure 2.
Figure 6 is a sectional plan view taken through the line z-z on Figure 2.
Figures 7 and 8 are a transverse sectional elevation, and a front elevation
respectively of the fire-brick slabs or blocks which I prefer to use for the perforated
interior portion of such kilns.
On reference to the drawings a represents the perforated or moulded fire-brick
blocks or slabs, the upper portion of the interior of such kilns and their several
flues being lined with or constructed of ordinary fire-brick or other similar

page_text: suitable material b. When fuel on the fire-grates c is lighted the flames smoke
and heat from such fuel ascend into, and flow or travel through the flue d
surrounding the lower narrow part or throat of such kilns, from thence it passe<
into the several vertical flues e and downward through the several openings or
apertures finto the interior of such kilns ou to and between the flints which have
been previously charged, or shot into the interior of such kilns, the lower portion
of the first charge of flints resting upon the arched bottom of such kilns below
the lower row or circle of the said diagonal apertures, the flints as calcined falling
or descending into a chamber or vault erected or formed below the bottom of
such kilns, from which vault such calcined flints are cleared or withdrawn by
metallic rakes, shovels or other suitable means, fresh supplies or charges of flints
or quartz being introduced to the interior of such kilns through the inclined hole
or aperture k in the roof or upper part of the kiln, fuel being fed on to the fire-
grates from hoppers 1. The outer fire-brick lining of such kilns being
surrounded or covered by ordinary brickwork i and strengthened if desired by
wrought-iron or other bands j of suitable thickness.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The construction of kilns for use in calcining or reducing flint-stones to a friable
condition in which the flame, heat and smoke from the grates of such kilns passes
into an annular flue around the throat or lower part of the kiln, and from such
annular flue into the several vertical or nearly vertical flues around the interior
fire-brick lining of such kilns, from the latter flues passing downward through
apertures in such interior lining on to and between the flints supported by the
curved bottom of such kilns as herein substantially described and set forth.
Dated this 27th day of Avoust 1895.