NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abel Stokes, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, and Frederick Joseph Stokes, of Birmingham,
aforesaid, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS."
Sealed the 10th June 1859, and dated the 16th December 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abel Stokes and Frederick
Joseph Stokes at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 16th December 1858.
We, ABEL STOKES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, and FREDERICK JOSEPH STOKES, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "NEW OR
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OP SCREWS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the improvements in or addition to the lathes or
machines used for turning and worming screws, herein-after described, by
which said improvements the said lathes are made to a certain extent self-
acting, that is to say, they effect the opening and closing of the dies or cutters,
and throw the lathe out of gear with the driving power without the inter-
vention of the workman. The dies or cutters are operated upon in the
following manner:-A horizontal shaft, driven from the main shaft of the
lathe, carries a camb, which said camb on each rotation of the shaft depresses
a vertical rod jointed to one end of a lever; the other end of the said lever

page_text: carries a vertical rod, which acts upon the parallel joint of the dies or cutters.
By the operation of the said camb the weight is raised, by which the dies or
cutters are closed, and the said dies or cutters open by the operation of a spring.
The said horizontal shaft carries a second camb, which, as the shaft rotates,
depresses a rack; the said rack operates upon a ratchet wheel communicating
to it and its axis an intermitting rotatory motion. This intermittent motion is
transmitted by a pinion on the last-mentioned shaft to a vertical rack, which
is thus made slowly to descend. When the said rack has descended to the
proper distance a wedge which it carries acts on a slide, which throws the
driving band from the fixed to a loose pulley, and brings the machine to rest.
The machine is thrown into gear again by the attendant. By means of con-
necting rods the mechanism described may be made to operate simultaneously
upon several lathes. By applying an additional or second rest, in which dies
or cutters are fixed, a self-boring or pointed screw may be produced at the
same time as the thread or worin is being formed; or the point may be
formed either before or after the worm.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Abel Stokes and Frederick Joseph Stokes in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 14th June 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ABEL
STOKES, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and
FREDERICK JOSEPH STOKES, of Birmingham, aforesaid, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Abel Stokes and Frederick Joseph Stokes, Her
special licence that we, the said Abel Stokes and Frederick Joseph Stokes,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Abel Stokes and Frederick Joseph. Stokes, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS,"

page_text: upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Abel Stokes and
Frederick Joseph Stokes, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal
of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the Abel Stokes and Frederick Joseph Stokes,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of the new or improved machinery herein-after
particularly described and represented in the accompanyin Drawing, to be
applied to the lathes or machines used for turning and worming screws. By
the use of our new or improved machinery the said lathes or machines are
made to a certain extent self-acting, that is to say, the said machinery effects
the opening and closing of the dies or cutters by which the worming and
turning of the screw is effected, and also throws the lathes out of gear with the
driving power without the intervention of an attendant.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in front elevation, and
Figure 2, in plan, a double lathe for the manufacture of screws, to which lathe
our new or improved machinery is applied; Figure 3 represents a vertical
section of the saine, taken through the line a, Figure 1; and Figure 4 repre-
sents a horizontal section of the same, taken through the line a³, Figure 1.
The same letters indicate the same parts in the several Figures. The dies or
cutters at a are operated upon in the following manner:-A horizontal shaft 6,
driven from the main shaft c of the machinery, carries a cam d, which said
cam on each rotation of the shaft b, depresses the vertical rod e, acting upon
one end of the lever f; the other end of the said leverf carries a vertical
rod g, which said rod g acts upon a parallel joint fixed in the rest in which the
dies or cutters work. By the operation of the said cam d the weight h or
spring is raised, by which the dies or cutters at a are closed, and the said dies
or cutters open by the operation of a spring, as is well understood. The said
horizontal shaft 6 carries a second cam i, which, as the shaft 6 rotates, depresses
a rack k. The said rack k operates upon a quadrant toothed wheel 1, and
communicates to it an intermitting rotatory motion. Figure 5 represents, in
vertical section and front elevation, the quadrant toothed wheel Z, and the
parts immediately connected therewith, the said front elevation being drawn

page_text: to a scale double that of the vertical section.
The intermittent motion of the
wheel is transmitted through the ratchet wheel P, and pall or click ³, to the
axis m, to which the said ratchet wheel is fixed, the said pall or click ³ being
situated on the quadrant toothed wheel 7. The motion of the axis m is-trans-
mitted to the pinion n (see Figure 4), on the said axis m, which said pinion n
engages with the vertical rack o, which is thus made slowly to descend at a
rate suitable to the screw to be operated upon. The quadrant toothed wheel
is loose upon the axis m, and its return motion and the ascent of the rack kis
effected by a cord and weight 11, seen in Figure 1, or by a cord and spring.
After the ratchet wheel on the axis m has been urged forward by the pall or
click on the quadrant toothed wheel 7, the said ratchet wheel is prevented
from returning by the pall or click 12, fixed on the framing of the machine.
The shaft m and ratchet wheel are connected by means of a sliding key on
the said shaft engaging in a groove in the said ratchet wheel. By changing
the gearing wheels on the shaft c and 6 for others of different relative sizes,
the machine may be adjusted so as to operate upon screws of any desired size.
With gearing wheels a of the sizes represented, the shaft b and cam i rotate
and depress the rack five times in order to produce the descent of the rack o
once through the required distance. When the rack o'has descended to the
distance required, the part depresses the lever w, which acts through the
connecting rod y upon the lever, situated on the upper part of the machine.
The free end of the lever being presented against the vertical face 2 of the
cam 3, brings the machine to rest at the precise position necessary at the
same time as the machine is thrown out of gear with the driving power. The
said throwing out of gear is effected by the wedge p, which is carried by the
rack o.
The wedge p on descending forces back the slide q, which throws the
driving band from the fixed pulley s to the loose pulley t. The rod 4, on
which the slide 9 operates, is connected with the lever 5, by the operation of
which the band of the lathe is thrown from the fixed to the loose pulley, and
the lathe brought to rest simultaneously with the machine. The return
motion of the rod 4, slide q, and parts connected therewith, is effected by
means of the coiled spring 6. In order to throw the machinery and lathes
into gear again and set them in motion, the attendant taking hold of the
handle 7, pulls it forward. This effects a partial rotation of the shaft 8, and
the fork 9 upon the said shaft causes the axis m to slide in the direction of its
Jength. By this means the pinion n is drawn from out the teeth of the rack o,
the loose pinion n² (see Figure 4) being drawn into the said rack o. The
rack o being at liberty, is immediately raised by the descent of the weight 10,
the wedge p and lever rise, and the band, as well as the band of the lathe,
•

page_text: す
are thrown from their loose to their fixed pullies. The attendant loosing the
handle 7, the axis m is made to return to its original position, the fixed pinion
n is again made to engage in the rack o, and the said rack o again commences
its descent. The wedge p may be adjusted to any desired height upon the
rack o..
Although for convenience of description we have only spoken of one lathe
acted upon by our machinery, yet we have represented two of the said lathes
in the Drawing operated upon by our machinery, and by means of con-
necting rods, the machinery may be made to operate simultaneously upon
several lathes.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
.of carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and represented, as the
same may be varied without departing from the nature of our Invention; but
we claim as our Invention the new or improved machinery for the manu-
.facture of screws, herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying
:Drawing, that is to say, the machinery for effecting the opening and closing of
the dies or cutters, of turning and worming lathes or machines used in the
manufacture of screws, and throwing the said lathes or machines into and out
of gear with the driving power.
In witness whereof, we, the said Abel Stokes and Frederick Joseph
Stokes, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day
of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-nine.
5
Witness,
GEORGE. SHAW.
ABEL STOKES..
(L.S.).
FREDERICK JOSEPH STOKES. (L.S.).