CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING FLUIDS AND GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; I, ANDREW
SMITH, of Princes Street, Leicester Square, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of December, in the second year of
Her reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
thirty-eight, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Andrew Smith, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said Andrew Smith, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, and such others as I, the said Andrew Smith, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein mentioned,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's
Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR HEATING FLUIDS AND GENERATING STEAM;" in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Andrew Smith, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled. in Her Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the

page_text: date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Andrew Smith, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following description thereof, reference being had
to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Fluids and
Generating Steam consists in a peculiar arrangement of tubes or pipes to be
used as a continuous water chamber. These tubes or pipes are surrounded on
all sides by a bath of fused metal, which, by communicating heat to the water
in the tubes, converts it into steam. But in order that my Invention may be
more readily understood, I have annexed unto these Presents a Drawing, in
which Fig. 1 represents a section, and Fig. 2 a plan view of my apparatus.
a, a, a, a, a, a, are the pipes or tubes forming the water chamber, and 'sur-
rounded by a metallic bath b, b, b, b, b, b, colored blue in the Drawing. The
pipes or tubes a, a, a, are supported by rods or plates c, c, c, c, which are
merely placed between each row of tubes and not attached to the sides of the
apparatus. It may be as well here to observe that the tubes or pipes a, a, a,
are allowed to lie on the supporting rods c, c, c, perfectly free and unattached
to any part of the apparatus, because if they were fixed in an immovable
position the expansion and contraction to which they are subjected would be
liable to destroy the joints. d, d, d, d, are steam chambers placed above the
'water tubes, and are in communication with them, and supplied with steam
'by means of the short pipe e, shewn by dots in Fig. 1 of the Drawing. It
'will be seen by reference to the Drawing that the water chambers gradually
increase in size, beginning at the left-hand end of the lower row of tubes, that
being the place where the water is supplied, until they arrive at the same end
of the upper row. I sometimes construct the apparatus with three rows of
water tubes or pipes, and in that case I make the lower row, or that at which
the water is supplied, all of the same diameter, and the next row above a size
larger, and the row above that larger still, so that, instead of each separate
tube being of an increased diameter, I increase the size of the whole row. I
wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to any precise number of
tubes, or rows of tubes, to be used as water chambers, as it is evident that the
number may be varied according to circumstances, and I do not claim the
heating of fluids or converting water into steam by means of a metallic bath,
as that has been done before; but what I claim as my Invention is, the peculiar

page_text: arrangement of tubes or pipes as a continuous water chamber, herein set forth
and described, such pipes or tubes increasing in diameter separately, or in rows
or series, as they approach the steam chambers.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.