CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SHorn
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edouard Besnier de la Pontonerie, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, Merchant, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SHorn"
A communication
Scaled the 4th November 1856, and dated the 12th May 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edouard Besnier de la
Pontonerie at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition; on the 12th May 1856.
I, EDOUARD BESNIER DE LA PONTONERIE, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING SMOKE," a communication, to be
as follows:-
The improvements relate to using jets of steam to act upon and combine
with the flame and products of combustion as they pass from the fire-place or
furnace through the flues.
The steam from a generator is conducted into the fire by a suitable tube or
passage, which is then coiled or otherwise caused to circulate in a suitable part
of such fire chamber, in order to the steam therein becoming highly heated;
this pipe or passage then passes in coils or otherwise past the passages for the
flame and products of combustion, where there are small holes for its exit, in

page_text: order to its amalgamating with such flame and products of combustion,
whereby they will become purified, whilst a more intense heat will be obtained.
A perpendicular hopper grate heated to whiteness is also used to burn the
bydrogen escaped from the jets of steam, and another horizontal grate burns
the particles which escape from the first grate.
To attain without inconvenience a greater temperature, the coils or other
passages employed may be of platinum or of porcelain, plunged edgeways or
laterally in the incandescent fuel of the furnaces.
The improvements, with modifications, are applicable to forges, kitchen
ranges, domestic grates, &c.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edouard Besnier de la Pontonerie in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, T, EDOUARD
BESNIER DE LA PONTONERIE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Merchant,
send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Edouard Besnier de la Pontonerie, Her special licence that I, the said
Edouard Besnier de la Pontonerie, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Edouard Besnier de la Pontonerie, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS FOR CON-
SUMING SMOKE," a communication, upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Edouard Besnier de la Pontonerie, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner, the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months :next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: surface B with numerous holes of small diameter, allowing this superheated
steam to escape upon the flames of the furnace, to purify the flame and the
smoke, thereby causing a more complete combustion of and an appreciable
economy in the fuel employed.
The perpendicular hopper grate D, by becoming heated to redness, burns
the oxygen and hydrogen, which escape in jets of steam, and the. horizontal
grate E burns the particles unconsumed by the first grate D.
The modifications represented at Figures 6, 7, and 8 represent a sectional
elevation, end view, and plan of part of a locomotive boiler with the improve-
ments applied thereto, showing also the manner in which the improvements
may be applied to other multitubular boilers. The same letters indicate
similar parts in each of these Figures. a, a, a, are the smoke tubes; b, pipe
conducting steam from the generator by the pipe c; d, grate of the furnace;
e, furnace. The steam passage is first wound helically in the upper part of the
interior of the furnace, it then traverses longitudinally above and below the
openings to the smoke tubes a, a, a, by which the steam thus caused to
circulate in the pipe b, c, in contact with the fire and products of combustion
in the fire box, till it escapes through very small holes pierced in the pipe b,
forming passages opposite the ends of the tubes a, where it becomes amalga-
mated with and decomposes the smoke, so that the whole becomes ignited, and
in passing along the smoke tubes a complete combustion takes place, producing
a notable increase of caloric.
The pipes or worms may for very high temperatures be formed of platinum
or of porcelain, and may then be laid edgeways or laterally in the incandescent
fuel of the furnace or other fire-place.
With regard to boilers of steam boats which are not tubular, a double
enveloped apparatus is employed to receive the worms conveying the steam
from the generator. The steam issues from the pipe or worm into the
enveloping apparatus or chamber in jets, as explained, and by the heat com-
municated to such enveloping apparatus it becomes superheated, and it is
thence projected in direct jets upon the incandescent fuel of the furnace.
From the explanation given, those modifications will readily be made by
which to adapt the improvements to forges, kitchen ranges, domestic grates, &c.,
so that jets of superheated steam may be caused to escape into the fire-place
or passages of the flame to effect combustion of the products from the fire.
As it has been stated with reference to stationary boilers, a guard or shield
ought to be in most cases interposed between the fire and the pipe bringing
the steam to be superheated, such guard being pierced with a great number
of small holes for the penetration of heat and escape of the superheated steam,

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and the means
which I adopt in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details shown and described, so long
as the peculiar character of the Invention be retained, as herein explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edouard Besnier de la Pontonerie, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Third day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
EDOUARD BESNIER DE LA PONTONERIE. (L.S.)
AB PERPIGNA.