IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Davis Hoskold, of Cinderford, in the County
of Gloucester, Mining Engineer, and William Blauch Brain, of Forest
of Dean, in the same County, Mining Engineer, for the Invention of
""IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Davis Hoskold
and William Blanch Brain at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 23rd December 1865.
We, HENRY DAVIS HOSKOLD, of Cinderford, in the County of Gloucester,
Mining Engineer, and WILLIAM BLANCH BRAIN, of Forest of Dean, in the
same County, Mining Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in constructing, as hereafter described, a double-acting
pump, chiefly intended for mining purposes, but also applicable for use in
waterworks, fire engines, feeding boilers, and other purposes. Our pump.
consists of a ram or plunger enclosed in a working barrel or cylinder; near
the centre of the cylinder there is a partition or compartment dividing its
length into two chambers. In or on this central partition or compart-
nient we fit a stuffing box and gland, through which the ram works. There
an opening in the side of the barrel opposite the gland closed by a door or
lid; making both chambers of the barrel air and water tight with regard to
each other and to the external atmosphere: We attach the ram to a rod,

page_text: which passes out of the working barrel or cylinder at one end, and is connected
to the motive power. The ram is of sufficient length to reach from the far
end of one chamber through the gland in the centre of the working barrel or
cylinder just into the other chamber, so that when set in motion by the motive
power the one chamber fills at the same time that the other discharges; a
continuous stream of water is consequently produced. By this arrangement
with the required number of valves, suction and discharge pipes, we obtain a
double acting pump or a combination of two distinct and separate acting
Dumps in one.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Davis Hoskold and William Blanch Brain in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
DAVIS HOSKOLD, of Cinderford, in the County of Gloucester, Mining. Engineer,
and WILLIAM BLANCH BRAIN, of Forest of Dean, in the same. County, Mining
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Henry Davis Hoskold and William Blanch Brain, Her special
licence that we, the said Henry Davis Hoskold and William Blanch Brain,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such, others as we, the said
Henry Davis Hoskold and William Blanch Brain, our executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term, therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom, of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Henry Davis Hoskold and William Blanch Brain, or one of us,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Davis Hoskold and William
Blanch Brain, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists in constructing as hereafter described a double-acting
pump, chiefly intended for mining purposes, but also applicable for use in
waterworks, fire engines, feeding boilers, and other purposes.
Our pump
consists of a ram or plunger enclosed in a working barrel or cylinder; near
the centre of the cylinder there is a partition dividing its length into two cham-
bers. In or on this central partition we fit a stuffing box and gland, through
which the ram works, or instead of a stuffing box and gland we form a simple
partition or close joint. There is an opening in the side of the barrel opposite the
gland or partition closed by a door or lid, making both chambers of the barrel
air and water tight with regard to each other and to the external atmosphere.
We attach the ram to a rod, which passes out of the working barrel or cylinder
at one end and is connected to the motive power. The ram is of sufficient length
to reach from the far end of one chamber through the gland or partition in
the centre of the working barrel or cylinder just into the other chamber, so
that when set in motion by the motive power the one chamber fills at the same
time that the other discharges; a continuous stream of water is consequently
produced. By this arrangement with the required number of valves, suction
and discharge pipes, we obtain a double-acting pump, or a combination of two
distinct and separate acting pumps in one.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is an elevation, partly in section,
and Figure 2 a section taken at right angles to Figure 1 of a pump for
mining purposes constructed according to our Invention, and of the parts
connected therewith. Figure 3 is a plan of the same partly in section.
A is a working barrel, and B is a ram or plunger working therein; C is a
partition at or near the centre of the barrel A, dividing it into two chambers
D, E. This partition is by preference formed as shewn, with a metal ring a
surrounded by a ring 6 of india-rubber or other suitable material, so as to
make a close joint against the ram B. Opposite the partition C there is an
opening closed by a door or lid F, making both chambers D, E, of the barre!
air and water tight with regard to each other and to the external atmosphere.
The ram B is attached to a rod G, which passes out of the upper end of the
barrel A, and is carried up to the top of the mine shaft, where it is connected
to the motive power. The ram B is by preference made hollow and tapered
at the top and bottom as shewn. It is, as before stated, of sufficient length to

page_text: "
reach from the far end of one chamber of the barrel through the partition C,
just into the other chamber; H, I, are two suction pipes extending down to
the water in the mine'; J, K, are two clack valves in the pipe H; the pipe H
is formed with an opening opposite each of these valves, closed by a lid. or
door similar to the doors L, M, which are fitted to similar openings opposite
corresponding valves in the pipe I; N is an opening in the pipe H, between
the valves J, K, and communicating with the chamber D of the pump; and
O is a similar opening in the pipe I, communicating with the chamber E; Pis
'a connecting pipe between the upper parts of the pipes H and I. The upper
part of the pipe H forms a discharge pipe, which is fitted with a clack valve Q.
and leads to the top of the mine shaft; or if the depth of the shaft is great,
this pipe may be led to another punip above or to a reservoir connected with
another pump. The action is as follows:-Supposing the ram B at the
bottom of its stroke as represented in the Drawings, the upper chamber Ę is
filled with the water last raised, and the lower chamber D is empty, or nearly
so. When the ram B rises the water in the chamber E is forced out through
the opening O into the pipe I, and the valve at. L being closed, the water
passes through the valve at M into the connecting pipe. P, and thence into
the upper part of the pipe H. At the same time the rising of the ram in the
chamber D causes the water to rise from the bottom of the pipe, H-through
the valve J, and (the valve K being closed) through the opening Ninto, the
chamber D. On the down or return stroke of the ram the reverse action
takes place, that is to say, the water just drawn into the chamber D is forced
out through the opening N into the pipe H, in which it. rises through the
valve K, while the upper chamber E becomes filled with water raised through
the valve at L in the pipe I, and admitted by the opening. O.. As before
referred to when the mine is of great depth two or more pumps arranged, as
before described should be employed, placed one above another at convenient
distances apart; and in such case we prefer that each pump, except the
uppermost, should deliver the water raised by it into a reservoir or cistern
connected with the suction pipes of the pump next above it. The rams and
rods of the several pumps form one continuous rod, which is connected at top
to the motive power.
.
In order to balance or compensate for the weight of the pump rod or rods G
and ram or rams B, we connect the upper part of the uppermost rod G to a
piston rod G, passing through a vertical high-pressure or ordinary steam
cylinder, as represented at R, Figure 4, and we continue the rod G¹ into a
second cylinder S of the same length as the cylinder R. The rod G¹ is fitted
with a piston T in the cylinder R, and is connected at the top to another

page_text: piston U in the cylinder S. The cylinder S is in connection by a pipe V
with a boiler, from which it is supplied with steam freely; the pipe V is fitted
with a regulating valve; the cylinder R is formed with ordinary ports to admit
the steam alternately above and below the piston T, in order to lower and
raise the pump rod G, and so work the pumps, while the weight of the rods
and rams is balanced by the steam which enters the cylinder S by the pipe V,
so that concussion and noise are avoided.
We have not thought it necessary to illustrate the application of our Inven-
tion to other than mining pumps, as its employment and application for other
purposes will be readily understood from the foregoing description and the
annexed Drawings.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim, constructing
double-acting pumps arranged and working substantially as herein-before
described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
.In witness whereof, I, the said William Blanch Brain, for myself and
on behalf of the said Henry Davis Hoskold, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-first day of June One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-six.
W. B. BRAIN. (L.S.)