IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Keen, of Edgbaston, in the County of
Warwick, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Keen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th April 1873.
I, ARTHUR KEEN, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS," to be as follows :-
My said Invention is applicable principally to machinery for the
manufacture of screw bolts and large screws, but is also applicable to
the manufacture of screws in general.

page_text: My said Invention consists of automatic machinery to be applied to
such screwing machines as effect the screwing of bolts or other screws
by a die formed in several parts which approach to and recede from each
other radially or rectilinearly, the said radial parts being brought together
and clamped during their action by a sliding box..
In machines of the kind described the sliding clamping box is actuated
by hand.
By my improvements the said sliding clamping box is actuated
automatically. This is effected by the following combination or arrange-
ment of parts:-A nearly vertical double or forked lever is jointed
at its top to the framing of the machine, and at its bottom to a
horizontal sliding bar. To the latter motion is given by a weight and
cord passing over a pulley. At a short distance below the fulcrum of
the said forked lever the collar carrying the clamping box is jointed.
The sliding saddle by which the bolt to be screwed is fed into the
machine is provided with a horizontal rod which receives motion there-
from. The said rod carries two stops capable of adjustment to suit
screws of different lengths and fixed in the required positions by set
screws. A bracket on the under side of the feeding saddle operates
The
upon the said stops to give the required motions to the said rod.
said rod at its fore end is connected with a vertical arm or bracket on
the before-mentioned sliding bar, and when a screw having been cut the
return motion of the saddle carrying the said screw is effected by the
workman, the said sliding rod draws back the sliding bar described and
raises the weight. In its retiring or back motion the said vertical arm
or bracket is carried under a horizontal arm or lever having on its under
side a catch, and when the said vertical arm or bracket has been advanced
beyond the said catch the said catch falls behind a pin or projection on
the top of the vertical arm or bracket, and prevents its return motion
except as herein-after explained.
By the retiring motion of the saddle the weight has been raised, the
bar actuating the forked lever described has caused the said lever to
carry forward the clamping box, and effect the closing and locking of
the screwing die. The saddle carrying the blank being advanced by the
workman, and the screwing of the said blank having been effected, an
incline on the upper side of the sliding rod described is brought

page_text: underneath the catch lever and raises the said lever. The said
catch is thereby disengaged from the pin or projection on the top of
the vertical arm or bracket with which it was engaged, and weight
forthwith communicates to the sliding bar the requisite motion to
bring back the clamping box and thereby unlock the parts of the
screwing die.
In order to give the required percussive action to the forked lever
necessary to start the clamping box the end of the said lever is con-
nected to the sliding bar by means of a pin taking into a slot. By this
arrangement the bar acquires considerable momentum before it begins
to act upon the lever, and thus gives the required blow to start the
clamping box.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said
Arthur Keen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th October
1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ARTHUR
KEEN, of Edgbaston, in the County of Warwick, Engineer, send
greeting
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Arthur Keen, Her special license that I,
the said Arthur Keen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Arthur Keen, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the

page_text: in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office en or before the
Fourteenth day of October One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
three.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Keen, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My said Invention is applicable principally to machinery for the
manufacture of screw bolts and large screws, but is also applicable to
the manufacture of screws in general.
My said Invention consists of automatic machinery to be applied
to such screwing machines as effect the screwing of bolts or other
screws by a die formed in several parts which approach to and
recede from each other radially or rectilinearly, the said radial
parts being brought together and clamped during their action by a
sliding box.
In machines of the kind described the sliding clamping box is actuated
by hand.
By my improvements the said sliding clamping box is actuated auto-
matically. This is effected by the following combination or arrange-
ment of parts:-A nearly vertical double or forked lever is jointed at its
top to the framing of the machine, and at bottom to a horizontal sliding
bar. To the latter motion is given by a weight and chain passing over a
pulley. At a short distance below the fulcrum of the said forked lever
the collar carrying the clamping box is jointed.
The sliding saddle by which the bolt to be screwed is fed into the
machine is provided with a horizontal rod which receives motion there-
from. The said rod carries two stops capable of adjustment to suit
screws of different lengths and fixed in the required positions by set
A bracket on the under side of the feeding saddle operates
upon the said stops to give the required motions to the said rod. Tho
screws.

page_text: said rod at its fore end is connected with a vertical arm or bracket
on the before-mentioned sliding bar, and when a scrow having
been cut the return motion of the saddle carrying the said screw is
effected by the workman the said sliding rod draws back the sliding bar
described and raises the weight. In its retiring or back motion the said
vertical arm or bracket is carried under a horizontal arm or lever having
on its under side a catch, and when the said vertical arm or bracket has
been advanced beyond the said catch the said catch falls behind a pin
or projection on the top of the vertical arm or bracket and prevents its
return motion except as herein-after explained.
By the retiring motion of the saddle the weight. has been raised, the
bar actuating the forked lever described has caused the said. lever to
carry forward the clamping box and effect the closing and locking of the
screwing die. The saddle carrying the blank being advanced by the
workman and the screwing of the said blank having been effected an
incline on the upper side of the sliding rod described is brought under-
neath the catch lever and raises the said lever. The said catch is
thereby disengaged from the pin or projection on the top of the
vertical arm or bracket with which it was engaged, and the weight
forthwith communicates to the sliding bar the requisite motion to
bring back the clamping box and thereby unlock the parts of the
screwing die.
骂
In order to give the required percussive action to the forked lever
necessary to start the clamping box the end of the said lever is con-
nected to the sliding bar by means of a pin taking into a slot. By this
arrangement the bar acquires considerable momentum before it begins
to act upon the lever and thus gives the required blow to start the
clamping box.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in
which the same is to be performed,
Figure 1 represents in side elevation, partly in vertical section, and
Figure 2 in vertical section, machinery for the manufacture of screws
of the kind herein-before described, to which said machinery automatic
apparatus constructed and arranged according to my Invention is
applied.

page_text: Figure 3 is a cross section, partly in end elevation of the machine,
taken at the left hand end of Figure 2, and Figure 4 is an end elevation of
the same taken at the right hand end of Figure 2. Figure 5 is a plan
partly in horizontal section of a portion of the same.
In Figure 1 the clamping box is represented in its advanced posi-
tion and the screwing die locked ready for screwing a bolt, and in
Figure 2 the clamping box is represented in its withdrawn position,
after a bolt has been screwed, the screwing die being unlocked, and
the radial parts of the screwing die moved outwards, and the screwed
bolt ready to be removed from the screwing die. The same letters
of reference indicate the same parts in the several Figures of the
Drawing.
a is the screwing die of the machine made of several radial parts, and
b is the clamping box sliding on and rotating with the spindle c, by
which rotation is given to the screwing die. The spindle c is driven
The said
by a pulley in the manner represented in the Drawing.
screwing die a and clamping box 6 are constructed in the usual manner,
the construction of the said die and box forming no part of my Invention.
d is the sliding saddle by means of which the blank e to be screwed is fed
into and the screwed bolt removed from the screwing die a. This
sliding saddle works on a dovetail on the bed of the machine (see
Figure 4) and is actuated by means of the winch f. On the axis of the
winch fis a pinion g which takes into a fixed rack on the side of the
bed of the machine (see Figure 4). By the workman turning the said
winch the saddle d can be moved to and from the screwing die a, and
the bolt e introduced into and removed from the said die. Below
the said feeding saddle d is a sliding rod i, receiving motion from the
said saddle. The said rod i passes through the bracket d³ on the
under side of the saddle d, and carries two stops 1 and m, capable of
adjustment to suit screws of different lengths. These stops l, m, are
fixed on the rod i by set screws l³, m³. By the motion of the feeding
saddle d the bracket & strikes and bears against one or other of the
stops l, m, and thereby gives the required motion to the said rod i;
p is an incline on the sliding rod i, by the action of which the horizontal
arm or lever q is released as herein-after described. The said lever q
turns on the centre q², r is a nearly vertical double or forked lever (best
seen in Figure 3), the said lever being jointed at ² to a collar u carrying

page_text: the clamping box b. The top of the forked lever r is jointed at 7³ to
the framings of the machine (the pins ³ constituting the fulcra upon
which the lever turns), and the bottom to a horizontal sliding bar t, a
pin on the said lever r taking into a slot in the said bar t. The
bart slides in the guides t, and to its rear end a weight w and chain x
are connected, the said chain x passing over a pulley y. By means
of the said weight to the bar t when at liberty to move is pulled in
the direction of the arrow, Figure 2. On the said sliding bar t is
a nearly vertical arm or bracket z, the forked upper end of which bears
against the head of the sliding rod i of the feeding saddle d.
The horizontal lever q above the sliding rod i has in its under side a
catch g', which engages with or falls behind a pin 2 on the top of the
arm or bracket z, and prevents the return motion of the said arm z and
bar t.
The action of the automatic machinery is as follows:-The parts of
the screwing machine being in the respective positions represented in
Figure 1 the machine is ready to screw the blank e carried in the feeding
saddle d, the parts of the screwing die a being locked by the clamping
box b. By turning the winch ƒ the workman actuates the sliding
saddle d and advances the blank e between the parts of the rotating
screwing die a. As the screwing of the blank e proceeds the bracket a
on the under side of the saddled bears against the stop m and carries
forward the sliding rod i, and as soon as the screwing of the blank has
been completed the incline p on the said sliding rod i is brought under-
neath the catch lever q and raises the said lever. The catch ³ of the
said lever is thereby disengaged from the pin or projection 2 on the
vertical arm or bracket z, and the sliding bar t with which the arm or
bracket z is connected being thus released the weight to comes into
action and forthwith gives motion to the said sliding bar t in the
direction of the arrow, Figure 2, and the said bar t acting through the
pin and slot, t, upon the forked lever causes the said forked lever
to move the clamping box 6 to the left and thereby unlock the screwing
die a.
The several parts of the machinery have now the respective
positions represented in Figure 2 and the screwed bolt e is released from
the screwing die a.

page_text: pin on the lower end of the forked lever r, and the said bar has thus
acquired considerable momentum. By this momentum of the bar t the
required percussive action or blow is given to the forked lever r necessary
to start the clamping box 6. The bolt e having been screwed the work-
man by means of the winch gives the return or back motion to the
feeding saddle d. As the saddle d makes its return or back motion
its bracket & striking the stop gives a sliding motion in the same
'direction to the rod i and through the arm or bracket z to the sliding
bar t, and the latter raises the weight w. In the retiring or back motion
of the bar t in a direction contrary to that indicated by the arrow its
arm or bracket z is carried under the catch q³ of the lever q, and when
the said arm or bracket has been advanced beyond the said catch q³
the latter falls behind the pin or projection 2 on the top of the said arm
or bracket z and prevents the return motion of the said arm and the
bar until the said lever q is released by the action of the incline p.
The back motion of the bar t also advances the forked lever r and causes
the latter to carry forward the clamping box 6 and effect the closing and
locking of the screwing die a.
The parts of the machine now assume the positions represented in
Figure 1, and the said machine is ready to screw a fresh blank. Thus
it will be seen that the unclamping and clamping of the screwing
die a are effected automatically, that is to say, by the advance of the
sliding saddle carrying the bolt to be screwed the sliding clamping
box 6 is unclamped from the screwing die, and on the back motion of
the sliding saddle to remove the screwed bolt from the screwing die
the said screwing die is again clamped or locked ready to screw a fresh
blank.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated, as
the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention; but I claim as my Invention the improvements in
machinery for the manufacture of screws herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, the con-
struction and combination or arrangement of parts of machinery,
substantially as hercin-before described and illustrated, for working
automatically the sliding clamping box of such screwing machines as

page_text: effect the screwing of the bolt or other screw by a die formed in
several parts which approach to and recede from cach other radially or
rectilinearly.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Keen, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
|rectilinearly.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Keen, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
W. F. JONES,
Secretary,
The Patent Nut & Bolt Coy.
Smethwick.
ARTHUR KEEN. (L.S.)