IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL ECONOMIZERS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO JOINING AND FIXING PIPES FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Theobald Obach, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL
ECONOMIZERS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO JOINING AND FIXING
PIPES FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 27th July 1869, and dated the 9th March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Theobald Obach at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th March 1869.
I, THEOBALD OBACH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN FUEL ECONOMIZERS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO JOINING
AND FIXING-PIPES FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
In fuel economizers which consist of a number of pipes connected
together at both ends it is very important in case of repairs being
required that means should be provided for readily taking out one or
more of the pipes without disturbing the other parts.

page_text: When
The object of my Invention is in the first place so to connect these
pipes into their sockets that so long as they are put in their proper
position they may make a perfectly tight joint, but when required they
may be readily detached and lifted out of their places. I accomplish
this as follows:-I form upon the pipe and near the end thereof two
or more studs or projections. The socket into which the pipe is to
be fixed is provided with two or more recesses corresponding to the
projections on the pipe, so that these recesses allow the projections
on the pipe to pass when the pipe is inserted into the socket. These
recesses open into a groove or grooves, and a shoulder or face is provided
in the socket corresponding to the face or end of the tube.
the tube is placed in the socket the recesses allow the projections to
pass, the tube is then turned partially round, thus bringing the projections
into the grooves which form portions of a helix in such a direction as
to cause the end of the pipe to be drawn close up to the face in the
socket so as to make a tight joint. Where it is found necessary to
take the pipe out it will only have to be turned round in the reverse
direction. This mode of attaching pipes to their sockets is also
applicable to other purposes besides fuel economizers, and when applied
to fuel economizers, in order still further to facilitate the putting in
and taking out of the pipes, I form upon the other end of the pipe,
the joint of which may be made by a flange or other means, projections
or recesses arranged to receive a tool, by means of which the pipe may
be turned and lifted out of its place, and I prefer to make these recesses
or projections also indicate the direction in which the pipe should be
turned. I prefer to put a shoulder on the pipe to cover the recesses
when the pipe is fitted into its place, or the joint might be made by
means of a shoulder on the pipe abutting against the face of the socket.
When the joints of pipes are made in accordance with this part of my
Invention I prefer to insert between the two faces a ring of some
substance which is not readily oxidized in order to prevent the two
faces from rusting together.
In the second place my Invention consists in an improved means
of driving the scrapers of fuel economizers. This consists of a revolving
crank or eccentric which by acting by means of a connecting rod on
a crank of longer throw imparts thereto a reciprocating motion, and
this motion being imparted to a toothed segment gearing into a wheel

page_text: on a shaft, which also carries pulleys round which work chains connected
to the scrapers, gives the necessary up-and-down or to-and-fro motion.
In the next place my Invention consists in an improved form of
scrapers for clearing the pipes of fuel economizers from soot. These
scrapers are carried by a frame which is suitably guided against sonic.
of the outer pipes, and they are of such a form that the scraping
edges embrace the pipe in the form of a portion of a helix.. These
scrapers: are not connected to the frame rigidly but by means of, a
hinge joint, in order that if the scraper meets with any fixed obstruction;
it may simply be pushed out round this joint as a centre. I prefer to
use four scrapers for each pipe, but I do not limit myself to this
number. The centres or hinge joints are so placed that the weight.
of the scrapers keeps them in contact with the pipe..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions. of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said Theobald Obach in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th August 1869..
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THEOBALD
OBACH, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-.
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Theobald Obach, Her special licence
that I, the said Theobald Obach, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Theobald Obach, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FUEL ECONOMIZERS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE FOR JOINING AND FIXING
PIPES FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Theobald Obach, my executors or administrators, by an instru-

page_text: ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Theobald Obach, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
In fuel economizers which consist of a number of pipes connected
together at both ends it is very important in case of repairs being
required that means should be provided for readily taking out one
or more of the pipes without disturbing the other parts.
The object of my Invention is in the first place so to connect these
pipes into their sockets that so long as they are put into their proper
position they may make a perfectly tight joint, but when required they
may be readily detached and lifted out of their places. I accomplish this
as follows:-I form upon the pipe and near the end thereof two or more
studs or projections. Fig. 1 in the accompanying Drawing shews the end
of the pipe, one of the projections being shewn at a. These projections
are also shewn in section at a, a, Fig. 2. The socket into which the pipe
is to be fixed is provided with two or more recesses corresponding to the
projections on the pipe, so that these recesses allow the projections to
pass when the pipe is inserted into the socket. These recesses open
into a groove or grooves, and a shoulder or face is provided in the socket
corresponding to the face on the end of the tube. The socket is shewn
at 6 in Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 shews the recesses and grooves as they would
appear were the socket unrolled and laid out flat; Fig. 4 is a plan of
the socket. When the tube is placed in the socket the recesses allow
the projections to pass, the tube is then turned partially round, thus
bringing the projections into the grooves which form portions of a
helix in such a direction as to cause the end of the pipe to be drawn
close up to the face in the socket so as to make a tight joint. I prefer
to put a shoulder on the pipe to cover the recesses when the pipe is
fitted into its place, as shewn at k, k, Figs. 1 and 2, or the joint might
be made by means of this shoulder abutting against the face of the
socket. When it is found nccessary to take the pipe out of the socket

page_text: it will only have to be turned round in the reverse direction. This
mode of attaching pipes to their sockets is also applicable to other
purposes besides fuel economizers, and when applied to fuel economizers,
in order still further to facilitate the putting in and taking out of the
pipes, I form upon the other end of the pipe projections or recesses
arranged to receive a tool, by means of which the pipe may be turned
and lifted out of its place, and I prefer to make these projections or
recesses also indicate the direction in which the pipe should be turned.
These recesses and grooves are shewn at c, c, c, in Fig. 2, 5, and 6;
Fig. 5 shews them as they would appear if the tube were unrolled
and laid flat, and Fig. 6 is a plan of this end of the pipe. The joint
at this end of the pipe may be made by a flange or other means; in
Fig. 2 I have shewn the method I should recommend to be adopted.
The pipe being put in from above is turned round so as to fix it into
the socket, as already described. The cross piece d is inserted into the
grooves c, c, Another cross piece e is furnished with a nut through
which the screw passes, and the tube is thus fixed firmly in its place,
the joint being made at g, g; the cover is then put on and secured
by the nut i. When the joints of pipes are made in accordance with
this part of my Invention I prefer to insert between the two faces
a ring of some substance which is not readily oxidized, brass or copper
being preferred, in order to prevent the two faces from rusting together,
as shewn at g, g, and 1, Fig. 2.
In the second place my Invention consists in an improved means
of driving the scrapers of fuel economizers. This consists of a revolving
crank or eccentric which by acting by means of a connecting rod on
a crank of longer throw imparts thereto a reciprocating motion, and
this motion being imparted to a toothed segment gearing into a wheel
on a shaft, which also carries pulleys round which work chains con-
nected to the scrapers, gives the necessary up-and-down or to-and-fro
motion. In Figs. 7 and 8 a is the driving pulley, which by means of
a worm and worm wheel gives a revolving motion to the short crank b.
This crank imparts a reciprocating motion to the longer crank c, which
is fixed on the same shaft as the segment d. This segment gears into
the wheel e and imparts a revolving reversing motion to it and thence
to the chain pulleys f, f, round which work the chains g, g, which are
connected to the frames h, h, carrying the scrapers.
'

page_text: In the next place my Invention consists in an improved form of
These
scraper for clearing the pipes of fuel economizers from soot.
scrapers are carried by a frame which is suitably guided against some
of the outer pipes, and they are of such a form that the scraping
edges embrace the pipe in the form of a portion of a helix. These
scrapers are not connected to the frame rigidly, but by means of a
hinge joint, in order that if the scraper meets with any fixed obstruction
it may simply be pushed out round this joint as a centre. I prefer
to use four scrapers for each pipe, but I do not limit myself to this
number. The centres or hinge joints are so placed that the weight
of the scrapers. keeps them in contact with the pipes; scrapers of this
form are shewn at m, m, in Figs 2 and 9; Fig. 9. being a plan shewing
part of the frame for carrying the scrapers. The centres n,. n, rest
in suitably formed recesses in the frame. The frames by which these
scrapers are carried, are also shewn in Figs. 10 and 11, and these
frames are guided along the outer pipes by means of the pieces o, o, o,
which are so formed as not to present any sharp edges to the pipes.
Fig. 12 shews a section of one of these pieces.
In witness whereof, I, the said Theobald Obach, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the ycar of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.