Finishing Paper, Cardboard, Millboard, Textile Fabrics, or other Materials, also the Arrangement of a Suspension Rod and Weights for Weighting Calender Roll Centre Journals.
Year: 1886

page_text: Finishing Paper, Cardboard, Millboard, Textile Fabrics, or
other Materials, also the Arrangement of a Suspension Rod
and Weights for Weighting Calender Roll Centre Journals..
I WILLIAM HARTLEY of 24 Devonshire Street, Higher Broughton Salford,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
I construct a calender with two or more rolls coupled together by wheels and
when they are rotating they have a crosswise or transverse motion parallel to their
axis of rotation, and at the same time move in opposite directions to each other
which prevents the materials that may be passing between and in contact with
them from being drawn or driven aside. The transverse motion of the calender
rolls produces a glaze or finish at the same time upon both sides of the materials
that may be passing between them, and by varying the transverse traverse of the
rolls in relative proportions to each other a higher finish may also be produced
upon one side of the materials than upon the other.
In order to illustrate my improvements more fully I will describe a calender
with two rolls coupled together by wheels, the peripheries of which may move at
the saine speed or otherwise and the roll centre journals may be weighted by levers
and weights in a similar manner to the calenders described and illustrated in my
Patent No 364085. The transverse motion of the calender rolls which are in
opposite directions to each other is produced by connecting to one end of each
calender roll centre, a centre bar that moves the calender rolls to and fro, and has
a suitable turned collar, and its outer end is in contact with the end of the
calender roll centre, and is kept in its proper position by a cap-hoop that passes
over the centre bar and comes in contact with its collar, the cap-hoop is secured to
the end of the calender roll centre and rotates along with it, the other end of the
centre-bar is connected by a centre-pin to a joint at one end of a double lever
which may be termed the transverse motion lever of the calender rolls, each end
of the transverse lever is connected by a centre-pin to the outer ends of the centre
bar and when the transverse lover is moved the calender rolls are moved trans-

page_text: versely in opposite directions to each other whilst they are rotating. The transverse
lever may receive its motion from the rotating shaft that drives the large wheel
that is fixed upon the calender roll centre or from the rotation of one of the
calender rolls, there may also be intermediate rotating shafts employed with
worm and worm wheel, upon the worm wheel shaft there may be keyed a variable
and adjustable excentric that may be connected by an excentric rod to the
transverse lever and by this arrangement the calender rolls may be moved
The transverse motion
transversely to and fro in opposite directions to each other.
of the rolls may be varied from zero to the required amount of traverse, also varied
in their relative traverse action to the speed of the calender rolls. Instead of an
excentric a crank with a moveable and adjustable crank pin may be employed.
A more preferable and an entirely uniform transverse motion may be produced by
adopting a cam instead of either an excentric or crank. The cam may be heart
shaped and so formed as to produce an uniform transverse motion agreeing with
the uniform motion of the peripheries of the calender rolls. The cam may be
driven in a similar manner to the excentric or crank and the transverse traverse of
the calender rolls varied by levers and wheels.
A second arrangement of mechanism for giving a transverse motion to the
calender rolls whilst they are rotating is accomplished by an adjunct being fitted
upon and secured to one end of each calender roll centre and each having a screw
groove formed upon its circumference, one half of the groove may be formed
similar to a right hand square thread and the other half similar to a left hand
square thread, these right and left hand grooves join each other at half the
circumference of the adjunct, and the ends of suitable studs are placed therein and
their other ends are secured to the calender sides, an uniform transverse motion is
given to the calender rolls and move them to and fro at each revolution and are
arranged to move in opposite directions to each other at the same time, and
uniform with the speed of the calender rolls.
A third arrangement of mechanism for producing a transverse motion of the
calender rolls whilst they are rotating is accomplished by one end of each of the
calender roll centre journals having collars, between which there are steps fitted
into suitable and moveable bearings or Pedestals. These bearings are moved
transversely when connected with the action or motion of either excentrics, cranks
or cams arranged in a somewhat similar manner to the previously described
arrangement, of wheels &c for producing a transverse motion.
The arrangement of a suspension rod and weights which may be used for
weighting the calender roll centre journals may be described as follows.-The
upper part of a suspension rod may be connected to a lever or crossbar by a look
or by a joint and joint pin and its lower end may have a collar secured thereto
or forged thereon. When only one weight is used it may have a hole through its
centre of a sufficient diameter to admit a strong spiral spring being placed therein,
but the upper part of the hole may be reduced to the diameter of the suspension
rod, and thus form an internal flange. Upon the collar of the suspension rod there
will rest the lower end of a strong spiral spring and the internal flange of the
weight will rest upon the upper part of the spiral spring, hence the whole weight
will rest upon the collar of the suspension rod also upon the spiral spring in
consequence of the latter being placed between the internal flange of the weight
and the suspension rod collar. When several plate weights are used and are
piled or placed one upon another a hollow cylinder may be employed with an
internal flange at its upper end and an external flange at its lower end. By this
arrangement the lower end of the spiral spring rest upon the suspension rod collar,
and upon the upper end of the spiral spring there rests the internal flange of the
cylinder and upon the external flange of the cylinder there rests the plate weights
forming the gross weight which has to be supported by the suspension rod.
Instead of a spiral spring India rubber rings or other elastic materials may be
employed. The advantage of these peculiar arrangements is the avoidance of
breakages of levers &c when the materials have passed suddenly from between the

page_text: calender rolls, which causes the levers and weights to drop suddenly; the arrange-
ment of a spiral spring &c checks the sudden momentum of the weights and acts
as a buffer without reducing the load or weight connected to the levers and
suspension rod for weighting the calender roll centre journals. This mode of
suspending the weights is particularly applicable to my mode of weighting
calender roll centre journals patented by me and numbered 3640 and dated the
21st day of March 1885, or to any other rolls that may be subjected to the
sudden passage of the materials from between them.
Improvements in Calenders which may be Used for Glazing and
Finishing Paper, Cardboard, Millboard, Textile Fabrics, or
other Materials, also the Arrangement of a Suspension Rod
and Weights for Weighting Calender Roll Centre Journals:
I WILLIAM HARTLEY of 24 Devonshire Street Higher Broughton Salford,
Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Enginéer do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CALENDERS and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:--
In order that my improvements may be more clearly and more easily understood
I will describe the combination of mechanism and its action by which I accomplish
the object of my improvements in calenders. I construct a calender with two or
more coupled rolls the peripheries of which may move at the same speed or other-
wise and when they are rotating they have a crosswise or transverse motion
parallel to their axis of rotation, and at the same time move in opposite directions
to each other which prevents the materials that may be passing between them
from being drawn or driven aside. The transverse motion of the calender rolls
will produce a glaze or finish at the same time upon both sides of the materials
that may be passing between them, and by varying the transverse traverse of the
rolls in relative proportions to each other a higher finish may be produced upon
one side than upon the other. The calender roll centre journals may be weighted
by an uniform hydraulic pressure as shown and described in my patent N° 141285,
or they may be weighted with an uniform pressure by levers and weights in a
similar manner to the calenders described and illustrated in the specifications of
my patent N° 3640 55. The mode of suspending the weight or weights to the
levers may appear similar, but there is an important difference which is clearly

page_text: shown by the sectional views of the suspension rod and weights shown on sheet I'
fig. 5, sheet 2 fig. 8 and sheet 3 fig. 10. It may be observed that the upper part
of the suspension rod may be connected to a lever or to a cross-bar by a hook or
by a joint and a joint-pin, and its lower end may have a collar secured thereto or
it may be forged thereon. When only one weight is used it may have a hole
through its centre and a cavity of a sufficient diameter to admit a strong spiral
spring being placed therein, but the upper part of the hole may be of the same
diameter as the suspension rod and thus form an internal flange. Upon the collar
of the suspension rod there rests the lower part of a strong spiral spring, and the
internal flange of the weight rests upon the upper part of the said spiral spring
hence the whole weight rests upon the suspension rod collar. When several
weights are used and are piled or placed one upon another a hollow cylinder or
casing may be employed with an internal flange at its upper end, and an external
flange at its lower end. By this arrangement the lower end of the spiral spring
rests upon the suspension rod collar, and upon the upper end of the spiral spring
there rests the internal flange of the cylinder or casing, and upon the external
flange of the cylinder or casing there rests the plate weights which form the gross
weight that has to be supported by the suspension rod. Other elastic materials
may be used, such as India rubber &c instead of a spiral spring.
One important advantage in the improvements in the mode of weighting the
levers &c is the avoidance of breakages of the levers &c when the materials have
passed suddenly from between the calender rolls which cause the lovers and
weights to drop suddenly. The arrangement of springs placed within the
weights checks their sudden action and acts as a buffer for retarding or checking
the momentum without reducing the load or weight connected to the levers and
suspension rod for weighting the calender roll centre journals.
My improvements in calenders which have for their object the glazing and
finishing paper, cardboard, millboard, textile fabrics or other materials that may
be passed. between the calender rolls, I accomplish by various combinations of
mechanism by which I produce and give a transverse motion to the calender rolls
in opposite directions to each other whilst they are rotating, and by the action of
any of these transverse motions both sides of the materials may be glazed and
finished at the same time.
The following description of the drawings will more fully and more clearly
illustrate and explain the arrangement and combination of the mechanism by
which my objects have been attained.
On sheet 1 figs. 1 and 2 are shown an arrangement for giving a transverse
motion to the calender rolls A, A by means of an excentric a that is attached to a
plate a¹, and the plate a¹ may be either keyed upon a small shaft b or forged
thereon, by this arrangement the excentricity of the excentric may be either
increased or decreased. Upon the shaft b there is also keyed a worm wheel c
shown in dotted lines which is driven by a worm & that is keyed upon a worm
shaft c or they may be forged together, the worm shaft e is driven by a wheel f
keyed thereon, and the wheel f is driven by a wheel g that is keyed upon an
intermediate shaft h whereon there is also keyed a broad pinion wheel i that gears
with and drives the large wheel; keyed upon one end of the calender roll centre.
The excentric a is coupled by an excentric rod a² to a double lever k which may
be termed the transverse motion lever, this lever may be keyed upon or for
convenience secured to a fulcrum shaft l.
The excentric shaft and the fulcrum shaft 7 may be attached to the calender
side B by suitable fulcrum fixings the fulcrum fixings being adjustable when the
proportionate traverse of the rolls, is varied. The worm shaft e may be fixed to
any conveniant part of the calender. To one end of each roll centre m there is
coupled thereto a centre-bar n which has a suitably formed collar o and its outer
end is brought into contact with the outer end of the calender roll centre, and
is maintained in contact therewith by a cap-hoop p that passes over the small
part of the centre-bar n and is brought in contact with the other side of its collar.

page_text: The cap-hoop p is secured to the end of the calender roll centre m and rotates
along with it.
The other end of the centre-bar n is connected to the transverse
motion lever k by a stud r or by a joint and joint-pin.
The leverage of the transverse lever may be varied by raising or lowering the
centre of the fulcrum shaft l, and by adjusting the lever thereon, by these means a
proportional traverse may be given to the coupled rolls of the calender. The
speed of the transverse motion of the rolls may be increased or decreased by wheels
which may be arranged to drive the excentric shaft b.
On sheet 1 fig. 6 is shown an arrangement of a crank q which may have a
variable and an adjustable crankpin q instead of an excentric for moving the
transverse lever. On sheet 1 fig. 3 is shown an arrangement of a heart formed
cam so formed as to produce an uniform transverse motion corresponding with
the uniform motion of the peripheries of the calender rolls, which is accomplished
by a stud being fixed to the end of the lever k, and its end is fitted into the
heart shaped cam groove r¹. The cam 1 may be driven in a similar mauner and
by a similar combination of mechanism as that which is shown to drive the
excentric arrangement shown on sheet 1 figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 6 shows an arrange-
ment for producing a transverse motion of the calender rolls by employing a
connecting rod s to connect the transverse lever to the calender roll centre
bearings or pedestals t, t, which support one end of the calender roll centre journals.
These moveable bearings or pedestals are fitted to the roll centre journals that have
suitable collars by which the bearings or pedestals can give to them a transverse
motion. The combination of mechanism already described is also suitable for
moving the bearings or pedestals t, t to and fro, in a similar manner to the
excentric, crank or cam. Fig. 5 shows a very important and simple arrangement
of mechanism for producing an uniform transverse motion of the calender rolls
which may be described as follows. Upon one end of each calender roll centre
there is fitted an adjunct u which has a screw formed groove upon its circum-
ference, one half of which is similar to a right hand square thread screw, and the
other half is similar to a left hand square thread screw, by this form of groove an
uniform transverse motion is given to the calender rolis by a double stud or
studs v, v, the ends of which are turned and fitted into the grooves of the
adjuncts u, u, the other ends of the studs are secured to a fixing w, that is fitted
to the side of the calender. The studs may have rollers thereon and thereby
deminish the friction in the grooves of the adjuncts. By this arrangement the
calender rolls are moved transversely to and fro at each revolution and when an
increase or decrease of the transverse notion is required, the adjuncts are replaced
by others suitable to the amount of transverse motion required.
On sheet 2 figs. 7 and 8, are shown elevations of calenders which illustrate a
modified arrangement of the wheels x, x, that couple the calender rolls together
also an arrangement of the adjuncts u, u, with their respective studs v, v placed in
the grooves of their respective adjuncts which when the rolls rotate produce a
transverse motion in opposite directions. On sheet 3 figs. 9 and 10 are also
elevations of a calender that show another modification of the arrangement of the
wheels x, x, that couple the calender rolls together, also a modified arrangement of
a double study that is fixed to the calender side by a bracket z, the ends of the
study are placed in the grooves of the two adjuncts u, u which when rotating
move the calender rolls transversely and simultaneously in opposite directions to
each other. Figs. 4 and 5 sheet 1, and figs. 7 and 8 sheet 2, also figs. 9 and 10
sheet 3 show the arrangement of levers and weights for weighting the calender
roll centre-journals as described &c in my patent N° 364085. Figs. 5, 8 and 10 are
partly sectional views that show the internal arrangement of the spiral springs
within the cylinder or casing also the suspension rod collar E, the internal flange
of the cylinder or casing C rests upon the upper part of a strong spiral spring D,
and the lower part of the spiral spring rests upon the collar E, of the suspension
rod, and the upper end of the suspension rod E is connected to a cross-bar F by a
joint and a joint pin.

page_text: Upon the external flange of the cylinder or casing C there rests the plate weights
that form the gross weight for weighting the calender roll centre journals. Upon
the upper part of the spiral spring there rests the internal flange of the cylinder
or casing C, the lower part of the spiral spring rests upon the collar E, of the
suspension rod, and by this arrangement sustains the whole or gross weight
attached to the cross-bar F, and when the materials pass suddenly from between
the rolls the spring acts as a buffer for checking the sudden momentum of the
weights and thus cause the weights and levers to act with greater ease and safety
from breakages.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
(1.) The various arrangements and combinations of mechanism that will give
simultaneously and proportionately or otherwise to calender rolls a crosswise or
transverse motion in opposite directions to each other whilst they are rotating, as
shown and described in reference to drawing sheet 1 figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, and in
reference to sheet 2 figs. 7 and 8, also in reference to sheet 3 figs. 9 and 10.
(2.) The arrangement of a spiral spring or springs in combination with
mechanism which conjointly act as a buffer for retarding the momentum of the
weight or weights used for weighting the levers of calender roll centre journals,
and thereby ease their action when the materials have passed suddenly from
between them, or from between any other rolls that may be subjected to the
sudden passage of the materials from between them, as shown, drawn and
described in reference to sheet 1 fig. 5, sheet 2, fig. 8, and sheet 3 fig. 10..
Dated this 2nd day of Sentember 1886