Year: 1886

page_text: I, JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to Machinery for stitching folded sheets of paper in book
binding and consists in the improved arrangements and combinations of parts herein-
after described whereby the sheets are enabled to be stitched together and connected
to the binding cords tapes bands or other material in the same manner as when stitched
by hand.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a vertical section of a machine
constructed according to this Invention and
Figure 2 is a plan the middle part being removed to economise space in the
drawing.
Figure 3 represents a section taken along the line A B Figure 2.
Figure 4 represents a section taken along the line C D figure 2.
Figure 5 drawn to a larger scale shows the rotary hook needles hereinafter
referred to.
Figures 6 to 8 illustrate the formation of the stitches on an enlarged scale.
The machine is provided with hooks or loopers c (figures 1 and 2) carried on a
vibrating support 6 oscillating on two levers a the hooks c being fixed upon a bar c
which partakes of a longitudinal or traversing motion.
.

page_text: The hooks c act in conjunction with needles clamped by a plate figure 3 to a
needle carrier e having a tongue on its under side which works in a slot or gap in a
reciprocating plate d. The needles are provided with eyes in a similar manner to
ordinary sewing machine needles but the needles one of which is shown separately
in Figure 5 are provided with hooks or barbs in place of eyes for a purpose hereinafter
explained. The needle carrier e is operated by arms d² provided with studs working
in cam grooves in two discs g g¹ which impart to the plate da reciprocating motion in
the direction of the axes of the needles being fixed on a driving shaft E from which all
the working parts of the machine derive their motion. The needles i¹ are caused to
revolve intermittently and describe half a revolution on their axes by means of a rack n
(Figures 1. 2 & 3) gearing with a spur wheel m on a rock shaft to which a rocking
motion is imparted by a crank k engaging with a cam groove in a disc on the shaft E
(figure 3) The rack n is toothed or serrated on its upper side where it acts upon corre-
spondingly serrated cylinders or pinions fixed on the ends of the needles i². In addition
to the reciprocating motion herein before referred to the needle carrier has a traversing or
lateral motion imparted to it by means of an elliptical cam o' shown in dotted lines in
figure 2 and in section in figure 4 connected to a wheel o provided with four ratchet shaped
teeth acted on by a pawl or driver o pressed against the said wheel by a spring o³. A similar
traversing motion is imparted to the hooks e by means of a bell crank lever p² operated
by a camp on the driving shaft E and a connecting rod p¹. The action of the cam p
moves the hooks in one direction only the return movement being produced by the
action of a spring p³. A similarly acting spring is also employed to propel the
needle carrier e towards the cam of (figure 2) In order that the wheel m may remain
in gear with the rack n when the latter moves forwards and backwards with the needle
carrier the wheel m is arranged to slide on a feather on the shaft which is supported
at one end in a bearing attached to the frame and at the other end in a bearing
embracing the wheel m and attached to the moving needle carrier plate d (figure 3)
A table or case F serves for receiving the stitched sheet being provided on its two sides
with racks y gearing with pinions 9 acted on by weights 2 in such a manner as to
cause a pressing plate to hold the sheets firmly in position.
The threads for stitching the sheets are drawn from thread bobbins on a support
and the binding cords or bands Z are drawn from spools S¹ on a shaft S. The tension
of the stitching threads is regulated by a tension device t. I will now proceed to
describe the action of the stitching mechanism.
in which work studs w¹
levers a to rock on their
then laid upon the acute
The stitching needles are threaded and the ends of the bands or the binding
cords to which the sheets are to be stitched are attached to the presser plate q³.
The cam discs g g' being provided with excentric grooves
on forked roils connected to the levers a. then cause the
centre a¹ and lower the table b. The sheet to be stitched is
upper angle of the table after which the continued rotation of the cams g¹ causes the
table to return to its original position clamping one side or leaf of the sheet between
the plate and a plate w. The continued rotation of the cam discs g g' then brings.
the needles to the position shewn in figure 2 the stitching needles and the rotating
hook needles i having pierced the paper sheet At this moment the hooks e on the
table are moved from the position indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2 to that
indicated by full lines in the same Figure by the action of the cam p rod p¹ bell crank
lever p² and bar c carrying the said hooks. These hooks care of such a form as to
take with them loops of thread from the needles i and open and hold them in the position
shewn in figure 2 so that the hook needles are enabled to engage with the loops of
thread thus presented to them. At this moment the needle carrier retires or moves
backwards the hook heedles ¹ pull the thread off from the hooks c and draw it through
paper.
The hooks c are then drawn back by the spring to the position shewn
by the dotted lines and the table is lowered for the reception of another sheet. The
needle carrier again comes into operation and the stitching process is then repeated with
certain variations as hereinafter described. Another sheet to be stitched being laid
between the presser plate 23 and the plate on the table the needle carrier again
the

page_text: advances but at the same time the stitching needles i and hook needle i¹ receive a
sideway motion equal to the breadth of the binding bands Z.
This sideway motion is produced by the pawl or driver o² that turns the ratchet
wheel o and cam o¹ as hereinbefore explained. By this partial rotating of the wheel o
its under oval part or cam o' pushes the bar e that slides in the slot and the needles
are retained in this position until the next forward motion of the bar e whereby the
ratchet wheel o is again turned for another quarter of a revolution so that the needle
bar e being acted on by the spring is returned to its original position.
IC
This sideway motion of the needle bar e is thus obtained by causing it to come in
contact with the different parts of the periphery of the elliptical cam o alternately.
The hook needles are also caused to describe half a revolution on their own axes
in order to produce the chain stitch shewn at y in figures 6, 7 and 8 at y. The loop
of thread carried by the hook needles through the first sheet is left behind upon the
shanks of the needles when the needles are pushed through the second sheet. At the
same time the loops of thread pushed through the second sheet by the stitching
needles are transferred to the hooks of the hook needles as before and when the latter
are drawn back they draw this loop through the loop previously formed as shewn in
Figure 8 thereby forming the chain stitch. In order that this may be done without
danger of the hooks catching in the first loop the hook needles are partially rotated on
their own axes by the action of the small serrated cylinders or pins provided on the
ends of the needles and gearing with the serrations on the back of the rack n which is
operated at the proper moment by the cam disc rock shaft and spur wheel m
(figures 2 and 3) as hereinbefore described. The table is then lowered for the intro-
duction of a fresh sheet and the operations herein before described are repeated until
the desired number of sheets has been connected together. The hook needles i¹ in
place of having an intermittent rotary motion imparted to them as herein before described
may be provided with flexible or spring barbs or hook so arranged as to retain the
loops and release them at the proper moment for producing the chain stitch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
First An arrangement of mechanism for stitching sheets of paper together con-
sisting in the combination of sewing needles i hook needles (the latter having an
intermittent rotary motion on their own axes imparted to them or being fixed to the
support and provided with elastic or flexible barbs or hooks) and hooks or loopers c
the said hook needles being caused to draw loops of thread transferred to them from
the sewing needles by the hooks c through the sheets in such a manner as to form a
chain stitch at the back at the same time sewing in or securing the binding cords
or bands in position substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Second The arrangements and combinations of parts constituting the improved
machine for stitching sheets of paper for binding substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent.