IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF WORKING LACE MACHINES, WHEREBY THEY ARE ENABLED TO PRODUCE VARIOUS DESCRIPTIONS OF FABRIC NOT HITHERTO MADE THEREON
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Leonard Lindley, of the Town and County of the
Town of Nottingham, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MODE OF WORKING LACE MACHINES, WHEREBY THEY ARE ENABLED TO PRODUCE
Sealed the 31st August 1875, and dated the 12th July 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Leonard Lindley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th July 1875.
I, LEONARD LINDLEY, of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF WORKING LACE MACHINES, WHEREBY THEY ARE
ENABLED TO PRODUCE VARIOUS DESCRIPTIONS OF FABRIC NOT HITHERTO MADE
THEREON," to be as follows:-
The Invention has for its object improvements in the mode of
working lace machines, whereby they are enabled to produce various
descriptions of fabric not hitherto made thereon, but heretofore produced

page_text: in common looms. For this purpose I employ a somewhat similar
arrangement for selecting and operating the bobbin carriages in two sets
to that described by me in a Provisional Specification filed on the 24th
day of February last, No. 683, the one set on each alternate carriage
being carried from the front comb bar to the back, whilst the other set
is carried from the back comb bar to the front, but when producing
plain weaving I do not give any shogging motion to the comb bars.
The bobbin threads operated in this manner are employed as warp
threads, and the alternate crossing of the two sets of bobbin threads
forms the "shed" into which the weft is laid by a shuttle or other
suitable weft carrier traversing between the warps.
By the employment of "selectors" to act upon other than each
alternate carriage other characters of weaving may be produced, whilst
by the employment of a number of variously arranged "selectors" in
each machine, and by bringing them into operation in succession or in
various orders I can produce twill and other effects.
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In some cases however I also employ the shogging motion to the
comb bars, I do not however cause the carriages to traverse the comb bars
from end to end, but simply to traverse one gait" to the left and one
gait" to the right by which means each pair of bobbin or warp threads
(one back and one front thread) will be caused to cross each other or twist
together with the weft interposed. By these means I am enabled to
produce a "leno" or gauze fabric similar to that produced in the
ordinary loom.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Leonard Lindley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LEONARD
LINDLEY, of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the thirty-

page_text: ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Leonard Lindley, Her special license,
that I, the said Leonard Lindley, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Leonard Lindley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MODE OF WORKING LACE MACHINES, WHEREBY THEY ARE ENABLED TO
PRODUCE VARIOUS DESCRIPTIONS OF FABRIC NOT HITHERTO MADE THEREON,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Leonard Lindley,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Offico within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Leonard Lindley, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:―
The Invention has for its object improvements in the mode of working
Jace machines, whereby they are enabled to produce various descriptions
of fabric not hitherto made thereon, but which in some cases are some-
what similar to those heretofore produced in common looms. For this
purpose I employ a somewhat similar arrangement of parts for selecting
and operating the bobbin carriages in two sets to that shown and
described by me in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me,
dated February 24th 1875, Number 683, the one set or each alternato
carriage being carried from the front comb bar to the back, whilst the
other set is carried from the back comb bar to the front, but when
producing plain weaving I do not give any shogging motion to tho
comb bars. The bobbin threads operated in this manner are employed
according to my present Invention as warp threads, and the alternato
crossing of the two sets of bobbin threads forms the "shed" into which
the weft is laid by a shuttle or by guide bars or other suitable weft
carrier traversing between the warps.

page_text: the aid of "guide bars" constructed and operated in manner heretofore
adopted, such "guide bars" being supplied with any desired number of
weft threads, and being operated or shogged to and fro so as to traverse
each weft thread any required distance and lay it between any desired
number of bobbin or warp threads. The motions of the bobbins and
"guide bars" or weft insertors are so timed and arranged as will be well
understood that at the end of its traverse in each direction each weft
thread is caused to pass around the warp thread forming the boundary
of its traverse.
By the employment of "selectors" of the character shown and
described in my Specification herein-before referred to, to act upon other
than each alternate carriage other characters of weaving may bo
produced, whilst by the employment of a number of variously arranged
"selectors" in each lace machine, and by bringing them into operation
in succession or in various orders I am enabled to produce twill and
other effects as will be readily understood.
"
In some cases however I also employ the shogging motion to the
comb bars, I do not however cause the carriages to traverse the comb
bars from end to end, but simply to traverse one gait" to the left and
one "gait" to the right, by which means each pair of bobbin or warp
threads (one back and one front thread) will be caused to cross each
other or twist together with the weft interposed between them. In
carrying this part of my present Invention into effect, I employ
cams 7, 8, for operating the comb bars of a similar character to those
described in my said former Specification, but instead of arranging them
as therein shown and described, I fix them on the cross shaft o in
precisely correponding positions to each other, such cross shaft o being
caused to rotate once for every twice of the crank shaft. By these
means I am enabled to produce a "leno" or gauge fabric very similar
in appearance to that produced in the ordinary loom.
It is evident that by jacking or selecting the weft threads, and by the
aid of extra threads great varieties of effects can be produced when
working according to my Invention.
I would here remark that except when employing some descriptions
of silk hohhin threads I find it necessary to provide half the number of

page_text: bobbins (each alternate bobbin) with warp thread twisted the reverse
way to that supplied to the other half or set of bobbins.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim as my Invention of improvements in the mode of working
lace machines is,--
Firstly. Using bobbin threads as warp threads in combination with
weft threads laid in by the aid of a shuttle or by guide bars or their
equivalents in manner substantially as herein described.
Secondly. I claim 'causing each pair of bobbin tbreads (one back and
one front thread) acting as warp threads to cross each other or twist
together with the weft, interposed in manner and for the purpose, sub-
stantially as herein described.
- And, Thirdly. I claim employing a number of variously arranged
"selectors" in each machine to select the bobbins, and bringing them
into operation in succession or in various orders for the purpose of
producing twill and other effects.
In witness whereof, I, the said Leonard Lindley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
six.