Tmprovements in Stoves or Apparatus for Generating and Burning Gas obtained from Petroleum or other like Liquids for Heating Purposes.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 20th July, 1891--Accepted, 5th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Tmprovements in Stoves or Apparatus for Generating and Burning
Gas obtained from Petroleum or other like Liquids for Heating
Purposes.
We JULES DHEYNE of Schaerbeck Mechanical Engineer Count VITOLD DE
NYDPRÜCK of 5 Rue Van Orley Brussels Gentleman and FREDERIC DE LA HAULT
of 154 Rue Royale Brussels Banker all in the Kingdom of Belgium do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a novel construction or combination of parts forming a
heating apparatus in which gas generated from petroleum or other liquid capable of
yielding combustible gas is consumed.
The apparatus being constructed and arranged as hereinafter described admits of
being quickly started or brought into action and produces in a few minutes an
intensely hot flame. It is also capable of working in any desired locality and may
be either portable or a fixture.
The petroleum or other liquid from which the. gas is generated is contained
in a hermetically closed tank or vessel which may form the base of the heating
apparatus.
This tank is provided with a filling orifice fitted with a screwed plug or stopper
and is connected with an air pump or compresser which enables pressure to be
applied to the surface of the petroleum in the tank. This compresser is composed
of a cylindrical body having a delivery valve at its lower part which may be com-
posed of rubber secured between two flanges by which the pump body is connected
to an elbow pipe or union piece communicating with the tank. The cylinder or
body of the pump or compresser is provided near its upper part with a hole for the
admission of air which is forced into the oil tank by a piston worked by hand.
The air thus forced into the tank compresses the petroleum or liquid therein and
drives it up a dip pipe provided with a valve and passing through the cover of the
tank. This valve communicates with a helically coiled tube or worm in which the
petroleum is distilled or converted into gas. The lower part of this helix is con-
nected with a regulating or adjustable injector or nozzle placed at the centre of a
cylinder supported over the oil tank by four transverse bars for example attached
to the tank. This regulating injector is formed by a tube in the form of a T
attached to the cylinder by a plug or screw on the one side and by the lower end of
the generating helix or pipe on the other side. The upper part of the cylindrical
body is perforated by a conical or tapering hole capable of being closed by a valve
rod having its end made of conical shape so as to fit the hole. This rod projects
underneath the injector and is moved by a lever handle. The stem of the T shaped
tube is closed at the lower end by a gland through which the valve rod works
without leakage.
The helix is situated at the centre of a moveable lamp of ordinary construction
provided with a circular wick so that the helix is completely surrounded by the
flame and is uniformly heated from top to bottom.
This lamp rests on the transverse bars hereinbefore referred to and is preferably
enclosed in a metal casing in place of a glass chimney which throws back the heat
from the flame towards the sides of the helix. An opening is formed in this
casing which enables the flame of the lamp to be seen for the purpose of
adjustment.
•
In place of the lamp a circular trough may be employed in which a perforated
metal ring or cylinder is placed in order to aid the combustion of the liquid placed

page_text: in the trough. This annular trough may be supplied with combustible liquid by
a pipe provided with a valve communicating with the supply pipe of the helix.
Inside the helix and in direct contact with the interior of its convolutions there
is a metal chimney the base of which rests on the body of the regulating injector.
At its upper end this chimney carries a head or extension of suitable shape such
as an inverted cone covered by a sheet of woven wire or a perforated plate. The
chimney thus constructed serves firstly for drawing in air from the exterior at its
lower end to support the combustion of the gas and secondly it prevents the gases
and vapours which issue from the adjustable injector from spreading laterally and
escaping into the atmosphere so as to cause objectionable odours and compels the
gases to ascend directly, distributing them under the woven wire or perforated plate
where they are ignited in order to obtain the heating effect.
The lamp and burner thus combined to form a heating apparatus are enclosed in
a cylindrical casing perforated at its base for the admission of air and provided at
its upper part with a notched ring or other suitable support for the articles to be
heated.
In order to obviate explosions in this heating apparatus there is provided on the
cover of the tank a pressure indicator which also acts as a safety valve. This
device is composed of a cylindrical body provided with a cover acting as a guide
for the rod of a leather packed piston working in the cylinder. This piston acts
as a lift valve closing an orifice in the bottom of the cylinder being held down to
its seat by a spring working between the cylinder cover and the piston. A hole is
provided in the side of the cylinder which allows the air to escape when the piston
is pushed up by the excessive pressure of the air in the tank. This device may be
replaced if desired by any ordinary safety valve arrangement.
The action is as follows:-The tank being charged with petroleum or other like
liquid pressure is applied to the liquid in the tank by means of the compressing
pump. The lamp is lighted and the cock or valve communicating with the dip
pipe is opened to allow the liquid to ascend to the helix which is heated by the
lamp. After a minute or two the valve of the adjustable injector is opened by
means of the lever handle; the gases and vapours then ascend in the central
chimney and spread out under the woven wire or perforated plate where they are
ignited and generate intense heat.
Dated this 18th day of Octol 1890.
TUNAVA
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves or Apparatus for Generating and Burning
Gas obtained from Petroleum or other like Liquids for Heating
Purposes.
We JULES DHEYNE of Schaerbeck Mechanical Engineer Count VITOLD DE
NYDPRÜCK of 5 Rue Van Orley Brussels Gentleman and FREDERIC DE LA
HAULT of 154 Rue Royale Brussels Banker do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a novel construction or combination of parts herein-
after described forming a heating apparatus in which gas generated from petroleum
or other liquid capable of yielding combustible gas is consumed.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer
to the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in vertical section an
apparatus according to this invention.

page_text: Figure 2 represents the apparatus in elevation.
Figure 3 represents the lower part of the apparatus in plan.
Figure 4 represents partly in section an arrangement in which an annular
trough p is employed being supplied with liquid directly from the reservoir and
being employed in place of the ordinary lamp represented in Figure 1 for heating
the coil or worm of the vapouriser.
Figure 5 drawn to a larger scale illustrates in section the construction of a
regulating injector employed at the lower part of the vapouriser.
This apparatus can be set in action with great rapidity; it produces an intensely
hot flame in a few minutes; it is capable of working in any situation and may be
either portable or a fixture.
The petroleum or hydrocarbon liquid, hereinafter referred to as petroleum,
employed in this apparatus is contained in a tightly closed vessel or receptacle A
forming the base of the heating apparatus illustrated in the drawing. This oil
vessel is provided with a screwed stopper B inserted in a filling orifice at the side
and communicates with an air pump or compresser C capable of forcing a supply
of compressed air into the space above the petroleum in the said vessel. This
compresser or air pump is constructed with a cylindrical body D provided at its
lower end with a non-return delivery valve E composed of india rubber secured
between two flanges which connect the pump body to a union piece F connected to
the vessel A. This cylindrical body D is perforated at its upper part with an
orifice G for the admission of air to the pump. The air thus admitted is afterwards
forced into the vessel A by the action of a piston or plunger H with a leather
packing working in the cylindrical body D being actuated by hand. The compressed
air acts upon the petroleum in the vessel A and drives it up a dip pipe I provided
This cock controls
with a cock J and passing through the cover of the vessel A.
the communication with the upper end of a coil or worm K in which the petroleum
is distilled or vapourised.
The lower part of the worm K is connected with a nozzle O having a passage
regulated by a rod P. This nozzle is arranged in the centre of a cylinder M
(Figure 5) carried by four arms or supports N attached to the vessel A. This
regulating nozzle is constructed as next hereinafter described the construction being
more clearly illustrated in Figure 5.
AT shaped tubular piece L is attached to the cylinder M by a screw on one
side and is connected on the other side with the worm K. The upper part of the
Tpiece is provided with a taper or conical orifice O capable of being tightly
closed by a rod P the upper extremity of which forms a needle valve of corre-
sponding form. The said rod P is worked by means of a lever Q pivotted on a
support R attached to the bar N. The cylindrical part L is hermetically closed
at the lower end by a gland or stuffing box in which the rod P works in such a
manner that no leakage can take place.
The worm K is placed in the centre of an ordinary removable lamp S with a
circular wick which enables the flame to completely surround the worm K and heat
it uniformly from the bottom upwards. This lamp is supported upon the four bars
or brackets N and is provided with a casing T which takes the place of the glass
chimney of an ordinary lamp and reflects the heat of the flame on to the sides of the
worm K. This casing is provided with an opening V through which the flame of the
lamp S can be seen for the purpose of adjustment. In place of the lamp S an
annular trough p may be employed as represented in Figure 4. A metallic ring g
is placed in this trough and assists the combustion of the inflammable liquid that
it contains. This annular trough is supplied with liquid from a pipe t provided
with a cock rand branching off from the pipe I supplying the worm K´as represented
in the drawing (Figure 4).
In the centre of the worm K and in contact with the inner surface thereof is a
5.chimney X the base of which rests upon the horizontal part of the regulating
injector L. The upper part of this chimney is provided with a cap W which may
be of any suitable shape being covered with wire gauze or perforated sheet metal Y.

page_text: :
The chimney thus arranged serves firstly to draw in air to support the combustion
of the gases and secondly to prevent the gases and vapours escaping from the
regulating injector from spreading laterally in the apparatus and escaping
unconsumed into the atmosphere so as to produce, a disagreeable. odour.. The.
chimney causes the gases etc. to ascend immediately to the burner and distributes
them over the wire gauze or perforated plate where they are- ignited for heating
purposes.
This combination of the lamp and burner forming the heating apparatus herein-
before described is enclosed in a cylindrical casing Z provided with a series of air
holes at the lower part and with a notched ring at the upper part for the
reception of the articles to be heated.
In order to obviate excessive pressure in the heating apparatus the cover of the
vessel A is provided with a pressure indicator U acting as a safety valve being
composed of a cylindrical body a provided with a cap or cover forming a guide
to the rod c of a piston c' with leather packing. This piston is pressed down upon
an orifice in the cover of the vessel A by a spring d working between the piston
and the cap. An orifice e is formed in the side of the cylinder a for the escape
of the air from the vessel A when the piston c¹ has been forced up to a sufficient
distance. An ordinary safety valve may be substituted for this apparatus if
preferred.
In order to use the apparatus the vessel A is filled with petroleum or paraffine
oil for example and the air pump C is worked until sufficient pressure is obtained.
The lamp S is then lighted and the cock J on the supply pipe I is opened. The
liquid in the vessel A then ascends into the worm K which is heated by the lamp S.
After waiting for one or two minutes the regulating injector L is opened by acting
on the lever Q. The gas and vapours from the worm K then ascend in the
chimney X and spread over the surface of the wire gauze or perforated plate
at Y where they are ignited and consumed thereby generating a great amount
of heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
• 1. In the heating apparatus for generating and burning gas obtained from
petroleum or other like liquids as hereinbefore set forth the employment of com-
pressed air acting in a vessel containing the liquid for the purpose of forcing it through
a dip pipe communicating with the vapourising worm substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
2. In the heating apparatus referred to in the preceding claiming clause the
combination of a compresser or pump forcing air into the vessel containing the
liquid and a pressure indicator or safety valve provided on the said vessel substan-
tially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
3. The arrangement for heating the worm in which the petroleum or other like
liquid is vapourized by means of an ordinary lamp substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The arrangement for heating the worm in which the petroleum or other like
liquid is vapourized by means of an annular trough containing a ring promoting
the combustion of the liquid supplied from the vessel by the action of the com-
pressed air and serving to heat the vapourising worm substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
5. The combination of a central tube provided at its upper part with a cap
covered with wire gauze or a perforated plate so arranged as to distribute the gases
over the surface of the cap in order to produce combustion of the said gases
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
6. The arrangement or combination of the central tube acting as a chimney

page_text: drawing in air from the exterior for the combustion of the gases on the surface of
the cap substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
7. The arrangement or combination of the central tube forming a chimney
surrounded by a worm for the vapourisation of the petroleum or other like liquid
and heated externally by an ordinary lamp or by an annular trough substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
8. The employment of a regulating nozzle controlling the escape of gas or
vapour from the vapouriser or worm, being arranged at the base of the central
tube substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
9. The general arrangements and combinations of parts constituting an improved
stove or apparatus for generating and burning gas obtained from petroleum or other
like liquids for heating purposes substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.