IMPROVEMENTS IN MOD MAYNDICIRE OR CARAY DE AND TV MORLDS BAD MOD CAND "
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Meyer and William Wainwright, junior,
of Paradise Street, Lambeth, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MOD MAYNDICIRE OR CARAY DE AND TV MORLDS BAD MOD CAND "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Meyer and
William Wainwright at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 27th September 1867.
We, FREDERICK MEYER and WILLIAM WAINWRIGHT, junior, of Paradise
Street, Lambeth, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES, AND IN MOULDS FOR THE
SAME," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
candles, and in moulds for the same.
In the Specification of a Patent granted to Frederick Meyer, William
Wainwright, and Thomas Phillipson Pascoe, and dated the 13th day of
October 1866, No. 2658, there is described the manufacture of a candle
having a grooved or ribbed boss at its end of a.larger diameter than the shaft
of the candle, so that. the candle may be set up (without requiring paper
around it) in sockets of various sizes; such candles cannot however be readily
adapted to sockets which are smaller in diameter than the shaft of the
candle.

page_text: According to the present Invention the end of the candle which fits into
the socket is made with grooves or recesses in it which penetrate towards the
centre of the candle below the surface of the shaft, so that by rubbing away
from the end of the candle the ridges or projections which separate such
grooves or recesses the candle may be made readily to adapt itself to a socket
of smaller diameter than its shaft. We also may combine with the end of a
candle so grooved ribs projecting beyond the shaft, so that the candle will also
adapt itself without lapping of paper to a socket of larger diameter than its
shaft.
Or in
To produce such ends to candles we employ moveable segments in the mould
of suitable form to produce the grooved end, and so arranged that as the
candle is discharged from the mould these segments come with it out of the
main mould and then open to deliver the end. When the mould is thus
constructed it is not necessary that the grooves and ridges should be longi-
tudinal, they may be arranged spirally around the candle or otherwise.
place of this arrangement the reduced grooved end may be made in the main
mould, and moveable segments may be employed as already explained to
produce the nose of the candle, in this case however the grooves in the end
must be longitudinal and ridges projecting beyond the shaft of the candle
cannot be employed. Or the nose of the candle may be produced after the
candle is delivered from the mould by turning in a lathe.
moveable segments as explained, but arranged to pass from end to end of the
candle or any desired distance along it; the shaft of the candle may be orna-
mented. The mould for the ornament is formed in the moveable segments.
Candles thus produced with a pattern upon them may afterwards if desired be
placed in a plain mould and material of another color may then be cast upon
them so as to enclose the shaft of the candle and conceal all but the raised
parts of the pattern.
Also by the use of
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Meyer and William Wainwright in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 27th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FREDERICK
MEYER and WILLIAM WAINWRIGHT, junior, of Paradise Street, Lambeth, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto us, the said Frederick Meyer and William Wainwright, Her special
licence that we, the said Frederick Meyer and William Wainwright, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Frederick,
Meyer and William Wainwright, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and, lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iк-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLES, AND IN MOULDS FOR THE SAME,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Frederick Meyer
and William Wainwright, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of
one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Wainwright, on behalf of
myself and the said Frederick Meyer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
candles, and in moulds for the same.
In the Specification of a Patent granted to Frederick Meyer, William
Wainwright, and Thomas Philipson Pascoe, and dated the 13th day of
October 1866, No. 2658, there is described the manufacture of a candle
having a grooved or ribbed boss at its end of a larger diameter than the shaft
of the candle, so that the candle may be set up (without requiring paper
around it) in sockets of various sizes; such candles cannot however be
readily adapted to sockets which are smaller in diameter than the shaft of the
candle.
According to the present Invention the end of the candle which fits into
the socket is made with grooves or recesses in it which penetrate towards the
centre of the candle below the surface of the shaft, so that by rubbing away.
from the end of the candle the ridges or projections which separate.such
grooves or recesses the candle may be made readily to adapt itself to a socket of

page_text: .
smaller diameter than its shaft. We also may combine with the end of a candle
so grooved ribs projecting beyond the shaft, so that the candle will also adapt
itself without lapping of paper to a socket of larger diameter than its shaft.
To produce such ends to candles we according to the next part of our
Invention employ moveable segments in the mould of suitable form to produce
the grooved end, and so arranged that as the candle is discharged from the
mould these segments come with it out of the main mould and then open to
deliver the end. When the mould is thus constructed it is not necessary that
the grooves and ridges should be longitudinal; they may be arranged spirally
around the candle or otherwise. Or in place of this arrangement the reduced
grooved end may be made in the main mould, and moveable segments may
be employed, as already explained, to produce the nose of the candle; in this
case, however, the grooves in the end must be longitudinal, and ridges pro-
jecting beyond the shaft of the candle cannot be employed; or the nose of
the candle may be produced after the candle is delivered from the mould by
turning in a lathe. Also by the use of moveable segments, as explained, but
arranged to pass from end to end of the candle or any desired distance along
it, the shaft of the candle may be ornamented; the mould for the ornament is
formed in the moveable segments. Candles thus produced with a pattern
upon them may afterwards if desired be placed in a plain mould, and material
of another color may then be cast upon them so as to enclose the shaft of the
candle and conceal all but the raised parts of the pattern.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention we will proceed to
describe more fully the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a side view and Figure 2 a transverse section of a candle
constructed according to our Invention with grooves or recesses marked a in
its end which penetrate towards the centre and below the surface of the shaft
of the candle; the end is also furnished with three ribs marked b which
project beyond the shaft of the candle; the end of the candle might however
if desired be formed without these projecting ribs. The grooves or recesses a
may either be formed in the end of the candle by suitably shaping the mould
in which the candle is cast so as to produce these grooves in its end, or the
candle might be cast without these grooves, and the grooves might afterwards
be produced in the end of the candle by means of revolving circular cutters or
otherwise.
We will now proceed to describe more fully our improvements in moulds
for casting candles.

page_text: Figure 3 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 4 a plan view of a candle
mould constructed according to our Invention, with moveable segments or parts
c, c, at the top of the mould of a suitable form to produce a grooved end to a
candle; one of the segments is shown separately at Figures 5. The segments
shewn are suitable for producing the end of a candle such as is shewn at
Figures 1 and 2, but, as before explained, these segments might be suitably
shaped for moulding the ends of the candles to other forms, as, for example,
the grooves a might be arranged spirally around the candle or otherwise.
The segments care, as is shewn by the Drawing, received in an enlargement
in the top of the mould. When a candle has been cast and is discharged
from the mould the segments c rise up with it, and they can then readily be
separated from the candle and be again placed in the enlargement at the top
of the mould ready for casting another candle. As before explained the
upper end of the main mould itself may be suitably formed to produce the
grooves a, a, in the ends of a candle, and moveable segments or parts be then
employed to produce the nose of the candle; or the nose of the candle might
be produced after the candle is delivered from the mould. Candle moulds
may also, as before mentioned, be fitted with similar segments passing from
end to end of the candle or to any desired distance along it, so that the shaft
of the candle may be ornamented, and, as before stated, candles thus
produced with a pattern upon them may be subsequently coated with a
material of a different color, leaving the raised parts of the pattern
uncovered.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Wainwright, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
W. WAINWRIGHT, J. (L.S.)