IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES FOR DRAINING LAND, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN DRAIN TILES
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FORD, of Lawn End, South Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Drain Tile
Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Thirtieth day of July, in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said William
Ford, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the
said William Ford, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Ford, my exors, admiors, or assigns,, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBES FOR DRAINING LAND,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES, AND IN DRAIN TILES;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso that I, the said William Ford, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chan-
cery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Ford, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described, and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:
My Invention relates, first, to improvements in machinery for making tubes
and drain tiles; and secondly, my Invention relates to a mode of forming
sockets or tubes for draining land, and other purposes, and also drain tiles.
And in order that the Invention may be fully understood and readilly carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shews a side view of a machine constructed according to the first
part of my Invention; Figure 2 is a plan of the same; and Figure 3 shews
an end view thereof. a, a, is the framing; is the main or driving shaft,
which receives motion by hand from the crank handle c, or from a steam
engine or other power, by means of an endless strap on the drum d. On the
axis b are two bevilled toothed wheels fand g, which move freely on the axis
b, except when locked thereto by the clutch box e, which slides on the axis b,
but is prevented turning therein by a projecting feather, as is well understood,
there being suitable clutches on the wheels f, g, in order that the clutch box e
may lock into either, and cause the same to turn for the time being with the
axis b. The wheels f and g take into and alternately drive the bevelled
tooth wheel h, the axis j of which turns in suitable bearings at i. On the
axis is a cog-wheel k, which takes into and drives the cog-wheel l, which
having a female screw formed through it causes the screw m to move forward
to press the clay through the moulding orifices used in the machine, or it with-
draws the plunger or piston back to have a fresh supply of clay fed in between
the piston or plunger and the moulding orifices. n is the rod of the plunger or
piston to which the screw m is affixed, and on this rod are affixed two projec-
tions o and p, by means of which the action of the machine is stopped at the
end of the stroke of the piston, in coming out or going in, by one of the pro-
jections coming against the arm q on the axis r, which causes the clutch box e
to be slided on the axis b, so as to put the clutch box separate from either of
the wheels f, g, and the clutch box will be slided into connection with the
wheel, according to the direction in which the plunger or piston is next to
move, by the workman moving the handle s on the axis r. The clay is placed
in the chamber t, within which the piston works, and this is accomplished by

page_text: means of the cover t¹ moving on hinges or axes at v, and the same is fastened
down by the cotters u, u, as is shown. As the piston or plunger moves back the
workman opens the cover t', and fill the space between the piston and the
moulding orifices. The cover is then closed and fastened down, and the piston
next moves in the direction to force the clay through the moulding orifices
at w, the shapes of which may be varied; and the tubes or tiles as they are
pressed through the orifices move on the friction rollers, and the workman
cuts them into the lengths desired, as is well understood. And I would remark,
in respect to this part of my Invention, that so far as plungers or pistons
working in cylinders or chambers to force out clay through moulding orifices
to form tubes and tiles, there is no novelty in the machinery described, the pre-
sent improvements consisting of so forming the chamber within which the clay
is placed that it may be opened to receive the supply of clay between the
piston or plunger and the moulding orifices, and then closed as above explained,
and, secondly, the so arranging the piston rod that it may stop the machine at
the end of each of its motions.
I will now describe the second part of my Invention, which consists of a
mode of making sockets or tubes, and drain tiles. Figure 4 shews a plan of
a hollow box for receiving a tube when a socket is to be made thereto;
Figure 5 is an end view thereof; Figure 6 shows a side view; Figures 7
and 8 shew two sections of the box, showing the tube in the box before and
after the forming the socket; y is a stop against which the end of the tube
is placed in the box. Figure 9 shows the stick or mandril used for forming
the socket. Figure 10 shows sections of the tube before and after making a
socket thereto, and also an outside and end view of the same.
In using
this apparatus the workman takes a tube on the stick or mandril z, and places
the end of the tube against the stop y of the box; the box is then closed and
fastened, and the workman forces the stick or mandril into the tube in the
box, and by such means the excess of length of the tube is by the shoulder
at z driven into the moulding part of the box at y', and thus is a socket
formed. The box is shewn as suitable for cylindrical tubes; if it be intended
to form sockets or other shapes of tubes or tiles the box will be formed of the
intended external shape, and the stick or mandril of the internal shape of the
tube or tile.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, I would have it under-
stood that what I claim is,-first, the mode of arranging the chamber within
which a piston or plunger works when making tiles or tubes so that the same
may be opened, and the clay introduced as herein described; and I also claim
the causing the machine to be stopped by the piston rod as described.