Improvements in Ploughs.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left. 7th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Feb., 1895
Improvements in Ploughs.
I, JAMES EDWARD RANSOME, of Orwell Works, Ipswich in the County of
Suffolk, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
--
My improvements relate to ploughs intended to turn the furrow bottom upwards.
Although this has been accomplished satisfactorily by the old fashioned Kentish
turnwrest or one-way plough fitted with a buck and point, it has not been so
perfectly done by the ordinary roundabout or one sided ploughs, which for this
purpose have been fitted with either a long narrow breast made in one piece or
with a somewhat shortened ordinary plough breast with pressers and cutters
attached to their rear end.
My improvements enable the inverted work to be equally as well done by the
roundabout and balance ploughs as by the old Kentish turnwrest ploughs, whilst
these ploughs also have the advantage of being much lighter in draft.
Figure 1 is a plan, Figure 2 a side elevation and Figure 3 a front elevation of a
plough (with the frame omitted) embodying my invention. In these views the
contours of the parts are indicated by lines 1 to 20 drawn upon the surface.
66
For the above mentioned purpose I employ an ordinary ploughshare with a
forward wing. The turn-furrow I make in two pieces, viz. :-a short front part A
or breast proper (hereafter called the "breast") and a long straight tail part B
or wrest "attached to the breast. The breast A which is rigidly attached to
the plough frame, is short and considerably rounded-similar to the well known
buck of the Kentish turnwrest plough and is made long enough to turn the furrow
slice from its original to an upright position-but is cut away at its rear end, at
the bottom, to admit of the fore end of the "wrest "B being inserted and attached
thereto.
This wrest, which turns the furrow slice from the upright into the completely
inverted position, is a nearly straight piece of iron or steel rather deeper at the
rear than in front and rounded in section. The extreme or rear end is turned
slightly inwards from the straight line. The fore part of the wrest B is attached
and jointed to the breast A (its face coinciding with the face of the breast) so as
to admit of its rear end being raised or lowered to suit the ploughing. The rear
end is held in position by a stay C fixed to the frame or handles of the plough and
it may also be set out or in to suit the nature of the soil.
As will be seen from Figure 2 when looked at in elevation, the lower edge of
the breast and of the wrest forms an almost straight line from the box of the share
to the end of the wrest.
These breasts and wrests may be made right and left handed and fixed on the
ends of a balance or one-way plough to turn the furrows in one direction only.
The wrest in this case may if desired be made easily removeable-so that one and
the same wrest may be used alternately in connection with the right and left hand
breast its position being changed by the ploughman at the end of each furrow.
Expense is thus saved, whilst the weight of the plough which is up in the air
out of work is reduced by the removal of the wrest to the plough in work.
Dikt och 1...
1804

page_text: improvements in Ploughs.
I, JAMES EDWARD RANSOME, of Orwell Works, Ipswich in the County of
Suffolk, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My improvements relate to ploughs intended to turn the furrow bottom
upwards. Although this has been accomplished satisfactorily by the old fashioned
Kentish turnwrest or one-way plough fitted with a buck and point, it has not been
so perfectly done by the ordinary roundabout or one sided ploughs, which for this
purpose have been fitted with either a long narrow breast made in one piece or with a
somewhat shortened ordinary plough breast with pressers and cutters attached to
their rear end.
My improvements enable the inverted work to be equally as well done by the
roundabout and balance ploughs as by the old Kentish turnwrest ploughs, whilst
these ploughs also have the advantage of being much lighter in draft.
In the drawings left with the Provisional Specification Figure 1 is a plan,
Figure 2 a side elevation and Figure 3 a front elevation of a plough (with the
frame omitted) embodying my invention. In these views the contours of the parts
are indicated by lines 1 to 20 drawn upon the surface.
In the drawings lodged with this Specification Figures 4, 5 and 6 are side
elevations of a single plough a turn-over plough and a balance plough made
according to this invention.
61
For the above mentioned purpose I employ an ordinary ploughshare with a
forward wing. The turn-furrow I make in two pieces, viz. :-a short front part A
or breast proper (hereafter called the "breast") and a long straight tail part B
or wrest attached to the breast. The breast A which is rigidly attached to the
plough frame, is short and considerably rounded-similar to the well known buck
of the Kentish turnwrest plough and is made long enough to turn the furrow slice
from its original to an upright position-but is cut away at its rear end, at the
bottom, to admit of the fore end of the "wrest" B being inserted and attached
thereto.
This wrest, which turns the furrow slice from the upright into the completely
inverted position, is a nearly straight piece of iron or steel rather deeper at the
rear than in front and rounded in section. The extreme or rear end is turned
slightly inwards from the straight line. The fore part of the wrest B is attachel
and jointed to the breast A (its face coinciding with the face of the breast) so as
to admit of its rear end being raised or lowered to suit the ploughing. The rear
end is held in position by a stay C fixed to the frame or handles of the plough and
it may also be set out or in to suit the nature of the soil.
As will be seen from Figure 2 when looked at in elevation, the lower edge of the
breast and of the wrest forms an almost straight line from the box of the share
to the end of the wrest.
These breasts and wrests may be made right and left handed and fixed on the
ends of a balance or one-way plough to turn the furrows in one direction only as
shown in Figures 5 and 6. The wrest in this case may if desired be made easily
removeable so that one and the same wrest may be used alternately in connection
with the right and left hand breast its position being changed by the ploughman at
the end of each furrow.
Expense is thus saved, whilst the weight of the plough which is up in the air
out of work is reduced by the removal of the wrest to the plough in work.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of the breast A and wrest B substantially as described.
2. Ploughs substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1895.
J. E. RANSOME.