IMPROVEMENTS IN. STRAINING OR TIGHTENING WIRE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Henry Sams, of the Bon Accord Works,
Justice Mills, Aberdeen, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN. STRAINING
OR TIGHTENING WIRE."
Sealed the 15th March 1867, and dated the 18th September 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Henry Sams
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 18th September 1866.
I, JOSEPH HENRY SAMS, of the Bon Accord Works, Justice Mills,
Aberdeen, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STRAINING OR TIGHTENING WIRE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in straining or tightening
wire, and relates chiefly to the stretching or straightening of the wires of wire
fencing wherein it is desirable to stretch the wires at the same height from
the ground one on either side of the posts that carry the straining apparatus.
Each post that carries the straining apparatus I form of two parallel vertical
plates of metal held and connected together at a distance apart from each other
by suitable bolts; these vertical plates are formed with or connected to a
suitable foot, which is buried in the ground as is usual. For every borizontal
line of wire of the fencing two rollers turning on horizontal axes are carried
between the vertical plates, the rollers being on the same horizontal line and
capable of turning independently the one of the other. For this purpose a

page_text: cylindrical projection on the end of one roller enters a corresponding recess
in the end of the other roller, and serves as a spindle for both rollers. The
opposite ends of the rollers turn in holes formed for them in the vertical side
plates, and their ends project through these holes and are formed with square
heads, so that either roller may be turned round independently of the other
by means of a suitable key placed on to its square bead. Each of the rollers
is provided with a flange which comes close up to the vertical side plates;
in these flanges holes are formed, through any of which a pin which has been
passed through a hole in the side plates may be inserted, and the rollers may
then be held from rotating. The end of the wire to be stretched, which comes
on one side of the post, is attached to one of the rollers by being passed
through a hole formed in it or otherwise, and the end of the wire on the
opposite side of the post is similarly attached to the other roller; both wires
are then stretched or strained by turning the two rollers by means of a key.
Each post is provided with a similar arrangement of rollers for each horizontal
line of wire that is required to be stretched or straightened.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by Joseph Henry Sams in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th
March 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
HENRY SAMS, of the Bon Accord Works, Justice Mills, Aberdeen, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Joseph Henry Sams, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph
Henry Sains, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Henry Sams, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STRAINING OR TIGHTENING WIRE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Henry Sams, my executors or admi-
pistrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their

page_text: hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Henry Sams, do hereby declare.
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in straining or tightening
wire, and relates chiefly to the stretching or straightening of the wires of
wire fencing wherein it is desirable to stretch the wires at the same height
from the ground one on either side of the posts that carry the straining
apparatus. Each post that carries the straining apparatus I form of two
parallel vertical plates of metal held and connected together at a distance
apart from each other by suitable bolts; these vertical plates are formed with
or connected to a suitable foot, which is buried in the ground as is usual.
For every horizontal line of wire of the fencing two rollers turning on
horizontal axes are carried between the vertical plates, the rollers being on
the same horizontal line and capable of turning independently the one of the
other. For this purpose a cylindrical projection on the end of one roller enters.
a corresponding recess in the end of the other roller, and serves as a spindle
for both rollers. The opposite ends of the rollers turn in holes formed for
them in the vertical side plates, and their ends project through these holes.
and are formed with square heads, so that either roller may be turned round
independently of the other by means of a suitable key placed on to its square
head. Each of the rollers is provided with a flange, which comes close up to
the vertical side plates; in these flanges holes are formed, through any of
which a pin which has been passed through a hole in the side plates may be.
inserted, and the rollers may then be held from rotating. The end of the
wire to be stretched, which comes on one side of the post, is attached to one of
the rollers by being passed through a hole formed in it or otherwise, and the
end of the wire on the opposite side of the post is similarly attached to the
other roller; both wires are then stretched or strained by turning the two
rollers by means of a key. Each post is provided with a similar arrangement
line of wire that is required to be stretched or
of rollers for each horizontal
straightened.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a straining pillar fitted with rollers
according to my Invention; Figure 2 is a side elevation; Figure 3 shows one
of the pairs of rollers A, B, and part of the side frames; Figures 4 and 5
show the two rollers of a pair separated; Figures 6 and 7 show the roller B
with the hole 6 for the projection a of the roller A to fit into, and Figures
6 and 8 show the holes in the flange of each of the rollers A and B and the
pin which runs through the side frame and into the flange, as shown in
Figure 4. G and K in Figures 1 and 2 are the feet bolted and rivetted on
so as to make the pillar what is called self-fixing, but such mode of fixing a
pillar in the ground may be varied, and I make no claim thereto; F, F, are
keys for turning the rollers, and it will be easily seen and readily understood
by reference to the Drawings that each roller A or B of a pair may turn on
the projection a and in the side frames in whatever direction is required, and
independently of each other. It will also be understood that double the
number of wires may be strained to what can be strained when using a pillar
where the winding is only in one direction; y is the hole through which the
wire is passed to give it a hold preparatory to straining; s is the stay, of which
of course the number is altered as required. C, C', are the two side frames,
and D is a cast-iron ornamental head or top, which serves also for a stay.
The form or construction of the framing of a post may be varied, so long as
the same is suitable to receive pairs of rollers or rollers in two parts capable of
separate rotation.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is the
constructing of straining posts or uprights with pairs of rollers, that is,
rollers each in two parts capable of separate and independent rotation, sub-
stantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Henry Sams, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
JOSEPH HENRY SAMS. (L.S.)