Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Slubbing or Slivers of Fibrous Material.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 13th Apr. 1894-Accepted, 7th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Slubbing or Slivers of
Fibrous Material.
We, JOHN RHODES, Junior, of 6, Marshfield Terrace, Bradford, in the County
of York, Dyer, and ARTHUR BRAMHAM PERKINS, of Ashgrove, Bradford, aforesaid,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Slubbing
or Slivers of Fibrous Material and its primary object is, to provide a simple
apparatus adapted to uniformly expose the material to the dyeing liquor without
mechanical or other treatment liable to derange the fibres.
For this purpose we employ a vertical or approximately vertical tube, conduit or
shaft preferably as long as the height of the building or tower in which it is erected
will permit and by means of a pump or its equivalent we supply this tube or
conduit with a supply of dyeing liquor so that whilst the pump is in operation there
is an uniform current flowing down the tube. But the delivery end of the tube
may be closed or checked and the action of the pump suspended or modified so as
to stop or modify the flow of the dye liquor. The liquor may flow into a vat below
from which said pump is supplied. Or the tube may be continued up again to the
level of the down tube in which case an enlargement is formed below to admit of a
guide roller or its equivalent at the bend. Two or more tubes may be arranged to
be supplied by the same pump.
The sliver is fed into the top of the tube at a suitable speed and is gradually
allowed to pass down the tube at a speed suitable to the nature of the treatment
required. The time occupied in passing through the tube may be regulated by the
speed of the feed. On reaching the end of the tube the sliver is guided away from
the liquor and dried in any convenient manner.
As the sliver is of little tensile strength we may employ an apron which may be
endless to pass through the tube or conduit and attach the sliver to it at intervals
in any convenient manner.
The tube, conduit or shaft may be of any suitable form and may be surrounded
with a steam jacket or heated in any other convenient manner.
As the liquor travels at a different speed to the sliver treated therein such liquor
exercises a straightening action upon the sliver tending to keep the component
fibres in position.
Instead of allowing the sliver to travel with the current or flow of the dye liquor
it may be drawn through the liquor in the reverse direction to the current or the
liquor may be stationary whilst the sliver is passed through it.
Instead of being vertical the said tube or conduit may be inclined at a suitable
angle.
Dated this 19th dow of Ll., 1802
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Slubbing or Slivers of
Fibrous Material.
We, JOHN RHODES, Junior, of 6, Marshfield Terrace, Bradford, in the County
of York, Dyer and ARTHUR BRAMHAM PERKINS, of Ashgrove, Bradford, aforesaid,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing Slubbing or
Slivers of Fibrous Material and its primary object is to provide a simple apparatus
adapted to uniformly expose the material to the dyeing liquor without mechanical
or other treatment liable to derange the fibres.
For this purpose we employ a vertical or approximately vertical tube, conduit
or shaft preferably as long as the height of the building or tower in which it is
erected will permit and by means of a pump or its equivalent we supply this tube
or conduit with a supply of dyeing liquor so that whilst the pump is in operation
there is an uniform current flowing down the tube. But the delivery end of the
tube may be closed or checked and the action of the pump suspended or modified
so as to stop or modify the flow of the dye liquor. The liquor may flow into a vȧt
below from which said pump is supplied. Or the tube may be continued up again
to the level of the down tube in which case an enlargement is formed below to
admit of a guide roller or its equivalent at the bend.
The sliver is fed into the top of the tube at a suitable speed and is gradually
allowed to pass down the tube at a speed suitable to the nature of the treatment
required. The time occupied in passing through the tube may be regulated by the
speed of the feed. On reaching the end of the tube the sliver is guided away from
the liquor and dried in any convenient manner.
As the sliver is of little tensile strength we may employ an apron which may be
endless to pass through the tube or conduit and attach the sliver to it at intervals
in any convenient manner.
The tube, conduit or shaft may be of any suitable form and may be surrounded'
with a steam jacket or heated in any other convenient manner.
As the liquor travels at a different speed to the sliver treated therein such liquor
exercises a straightening action upon the sliver tending to keep the component
fibres in position.
Instead of allowing the sliver to travel with the current or flow of the dye
liquor it may be drawn through the liquor in the reverse direction to the current
or the liquor may be stationary whilst the sliver is passed through it.
Instead of being vertical the said tube or conduit may be inclined at a suitable
angle.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1, represents a sectional elevation of a dyeing apparatus, for dyeing
slubbing or slivers of wool, arranged in accordance with our invention.
Figure 2, is a view on a larger scale of a portion of said endless apron.
The tubes or conduits A and A', A2 and A3, A4 and A5, A and A' are arranged
in pairs over the vats B, B1, B2, and B3 in which the guide rollers C are mounted.
A guide roller C¹ is also provided at the top of the tubes A, A2, A4 and AⓇ and a
pair of squeezing rollers Dare mounted over the top of the tubes A', A³, A and A.
The said guide and squeezing rollers may be driven in any convenient manner, and
the endless apron represented in Figure 1 by the broken lines E is passed through
the whole of the tubes around the said guide rollers and between the said squeezing
rollers. When the endless apron leaves the tube A' it is guided back to the top of
the tube A by means of the guide roller C. Any convenient number of slivers of
wool represented by the lines are drawn from the " tops' or balls W and when
"

page_text: they reach the point G they are enfolded in or connected to the endless apron E.
which is composed of a woven fabric of open or loose texture and is provided with
a number of lateral strings or tapes J (Figure 2) by which the edges may be tied.
together or which may be tied around the slivers to support them as they are
carried through the tubes.
In the arrangement shown in Figure 1 the tubes A and A' are assumed to be
filled with chroming liquor which is kept in circulation by a pump K and pipes L
and M arranged to draw the liquor out of the tube A' and discharge it into the top
of A. The slivers are carried through the tubes A and A' at a suitable speed_for
the chroming process and on leaving the latter are squeezed by the roller D. The
slivers are then carried by the endless apron into and through the tubes A2 and A³-
filled or fed with washing liquor which may also be_circulated by a pump K and
pipes L and M, and are again squeezed by the rollers D and carried into the tube A*.
The tubes A and A' are more or less filled with dyeing liquor which is also kept.
in circulation by the pump K and pipes L and M. On leaving the tube A' the
surplus dyeing liquor is squeezed out of the slivers and apron by the rollers D and
they are carried forward and passed through the second washing off tubes AⓇ and A
and squeezed as dry as possible by the rollers D. On leaving these rollers the
tapes J are untied and the slivers guided away from the endless apron on to a.
cylindrical or other drying apparatus.
It is obvious that a single tube or a single pair of tubes may be separately used
for dyeing purposes but we find the arrangement shown convenient for dyeing
slubbing.
To reverse the flow of the liquid the pumps may be arranged to pump out of the
feed tubes A, A2, A4 and A' and supply the delivery tubes A¹, A³, A and A'.
The tubes are not necessarily filled with liquor as the liquor may simply fall
into the mouth of the tube onto the slivers either from the pipe M or from a
supply tank placed above. In the latter case the liquor may be pumped from the
bottom of the tube back into the supply tank or may flow by gravity into a storage
tank or waste pipe.
Valves are fitted in the bottom of the vats B, B¹, B' and B³ so that the liquor
therein may be drawn off.
The lines O, O¹, 02, 03 and O* respectively represent the ground floor and the
first, second third and fourth floors but it is obvious these floors may be replaced by
platforms or the like.
The dyeing and washing liquors may be heated by coils of steam pipes in the
vats B, B1, B2, and B3 or in any other convenient manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manuer the same is to be performed, we declare that what we:
claim is:
1. Apparatus for dyeing slivers of fibrous material consisting of a tube or conduit
adapted to receive the dyeing liquor and provided with a flexible carrier for
carrying the slivers through the said tube or conduit, substantially as herein shown
and described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. Apparatus for dyeing slivers of fibrous material consisting of a tube or conduit.
and having an endless apron or carrier adapted to have the slivers attached thereto,.
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose specified.
3. Apparatus for dyeing slivers of fibrous material consisting of a double tube or
conduit open at the top and connected below and provided with means for guiding
the slivers through said tube, substantially as herein shown and described.
DRACUP & NOWELL,
Bradford, Agents.