Improvements in Bicycles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Certain Improvements in Bicycles.
THOMAS JAMES TURNER of 16, St. Albans, Everton, Liverpool, Engine Fitter,
and JOHN SPRAGG MOULD of 16, St. Albans, Everton, Liverpool, Clerk of Works
to the Wallasey Local Board, do heresy declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This invention consists in an entirely new motion for bicycles-1st a pair of
cogged wheels, each placed out of the centre, so as to work like an eccentric; the
ful! part of one, fitting in the slack or low part of the other, & producing a
variable motion thereby. When the driving wheel is at the full part, and the
diver is on, the slack part will cause a quickened motion, & then when the
slack part of the driver comes to the full part of the driven wheel, a slower motion
to the shaft; and this till they both attain the equi-centre position of the said
wheels, & then causing at that part an even speed or even leverage, (as it were)
thus acting as a lever of longer length, and by so doing a stronger power to propel
the machine along, also when the reverse is at work the lever (as it were) will be
as of a shorter lever, this being a quickened and retarded motion, and all in one
turn, the quickened on the down stroke of the crank, the retarded and shorter on
the upward stroke. It is also a variation in another way of the Sun and Planet
motion, from which it differs thus:-the Sun & Planet motion is a regular even
motion, while this is an uneven one (as it were) a halting and hastening motion
in every turn, it is thus to be worked out, by fastening one eccentric cogged wheel
on the fork that carries, or which works the pedal or driving spindle or shaft, and
in gear with it is the other eccentric wheel, and the said eccentric wheel may act
as a double carrier wheel, one of which is eccentric the other concentric, all four
wheels may be eccentric, the whole forming the halting and hastening motion
referred to, causing a differential system to pervade the working of the bicycles,
the wheels all equal sizes make the turns or revolutions equal, the cranks having
one wheel fastened to the pedal, the other two of which called intermediates, are
allowed to revolve freely round, if it were not for the one fixed on the stay that
carries the crank spindle or shaft, the intermediates may be placed or attached
together, as they have to be either to act as bevel wheels on à tube which runs
round the side of the crank to carry the motion from the first eccentric and convey
the motion by the eccentric to the pedal, by means of the eccentric or equal wheel
as the case may be, and these are the plans which we ask Her Majesty to grant us
a protection to carry out and try the effect of.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1896
THOMAS JAMES TURNER.
JOHN SPRAGG MOULD.

page_text: Certain Improvements in Bicycles.
THOMAS JAMES TURNER Engineer and JOHN SPRAGG MOULD Clerk of Works
both of 16 St. Albans Everton Liverpool do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In putting a cogged or toothed wheel on the bottom bracket in cycles (as they
are usually called) such wheel being excentric (see No. 1 wheel of Figs. 1, 2, 3)
if the wheel is excentric the next wheel (which gears into it) must be excentric
also only the full part of the one must gear in the slack part of the other (see No. 1
& No. 6 wheels) to produce a variable or uneven motion, that is, a quick motion
and a slow motion in the one turn, only quick in one part and slow in another part
of the said turn. If it were concentric the other one which gears into it must
be also concentric, and in that case the motion would be even. The wheel
(No. 1) is made fast or attached to the fork, or that part of the machine which is
attached to or carries the "bottom bracket" in such a manner as not to turn so
that it may cause the revolutions or the rotatory action of the other wheels (see
No. 1 wheel on Figs. 1, 2 & 3 in the accompanying drawings) such action or motion
being conveyed to the other wheels and (of course) by them to the pedals. Nos. 3
& 4 are simply, what are known in the trade as carrier wheels and are for no
purpose but to carry the said motion to the pedals. They work on studs put in
the crank's side or attached to or on the cranks see Nos. 3 & 4 Wheels on Fig. 1
No. 5 whee. is made fast to the pedal but turns on the stud attached to the crank c
and gears into No. 2, wheel in drawings in Fig. 2, or No. 4 wheel in Fig. 1 and
therefore acts as a kind of a lever by which an increase of power and therefore of
speed of locomotion in the cycle is to be obtained which is the object of this
Invention. In Fig. 2 is shewn another way of putting on the wheels but the
fundamental principle is the same that is 2 excentric and 2 ordinary or concentric
wheels only the wheels of Fig. 1 are smaller and require little material to cover
& protect them whereas the wheels in Fig. 2 are larger & therefore require more
than Fig. 1 for such covering. or protection.
Fig. 3 is another way of using the four wheels which is not so much trouble to
cover as the other two.
In it the wheels (although the principle is the same) are all bevil wheels (which
makes them have to be shewn) for the carriers have to be in the web or side of the
crank and also rotate in the web or side of the crank. No. 1 is a bevil wheel bored.
truly and fastened as in the case of No. 1 Figs. 1 & 2. No. 6 is another bevil
wheel bored truly and fastened on rod d in hollow crank c. No 2 wheel r is an
application of the excentric wheel in which the bevil wheel is bored out of the
centre and then turned truly to the said boring, thus forming an advancing &
receding motion to suit excentric wheel No. 5 (Fig. 3.) No. 5 wheel is a bevil
wheel bored excentric and is fastened or attached to the pedal and gears in with
No. 2 wheel (being bored out of the centre to suit such wheel). Note. Wherever
in these drawings the letter c is found that is to be taken as part of crank.
We think that any ordinary workman (from these descriptions & drawings)
could make the same and see the novelty also.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is.
1st. Putting on a cycle the apparatus as of Fig. 1 complete and obtaining a kind
of leverage thereby.

page_text: 2nd. Putting on a cycle the apparatus as of Fig. 2 complete and obtaining a kind
of leverage thereby.
3rd. Putting on a cycle the apparatus as of Fig. 3 complete and obtaining a kind
of leverage thereby.