Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1858
Complete Specification Left. 27th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 30th Nov., 1888
We, JOHN WILLIAM HALL of 13 Solway View, Whitehaven, in the County of
Cumberland, Engineer, and HENRY LOUIS PHILLIPS, of 57 Moorgate Street, in the
City of London, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to certain modifications and improvements in the tandem
bicycle described in our application for a Patent numbered 13191, and hearing date
the 29th day of September 1887. This tandem bicycle has a rear driving and a front
steering wheel. The seats and pedal-crank axles are situated within the wheel base,
and the motion of the forward pedal crank axle is communicated either to the driving
wheel direct, or indirectly through the rear pedal-crank axle by chain gearing of the
usual type, the small driving wheel being geared up by means of the different
diameters of the chain wheels.
According to our present invention we mount the driving wheel loosely on its axle,
which is itself mounted in suitable bearings carried by the frame; and we interpose
between the driving wheel and the axle any suitable form of epicyclic, or equivalent
gear, which will impart a speed of rotation to the driving wheel superior to that
of the axle. On the extremities of the axle carrying the driving wheel are fixed
cranks, which are connected by suitable coupling rods with the driving mechanism
for the two riders. This driving mechanism may be either of the rotary or
reciprocating action type, or a combination of both as desired, or found most
suitable for the particular purpose for which the machine is intended to be used.
If a reciprocation action is used, the pedal levers for each rider are pivotted to any
convenient part of the frame, and are coupled or connected together either directly
or indirectly by suitable rods or their equivalents.
If a rotary action is used two pedal crank axles are mounted in suitable bearings
carried by the frame in a suitable position, the one in advance of the other, within
the wheel base. On the ends of these axles are fixed short cranks those of each pair
being placed at right angles to one another, or at any other suitable angle so long as

page_text: they are not in an axial line with one another, this to give the one crank a lead over
the other to avoid dead centres. The cranks on the axle of the driving wheel are
made of the same length, and are placed at the same angle with respect to each other
as those on the pedal crank axles. On each crank of the three pair is fixed-prefer-
ably adjustably so-a short crank pin to receive suitable ball bearings which are
formed on, or carried by, the ends of coupling rods connecting the three cranks on
each side of the machine. On to the outer end of the crank pin of each crank is
fixed another crank extending the first crank to a suitable length to carry a pedal,
and placed at such an angle therewith as will bring the second cranks of each pair
in a line with one another. The free ends of the second cranks are preferably
slotted in the usual manner to provide for the adjustment of the pedals.
If
desired the two cranks may be made in one piece by cranking them at or about
the centre of their lengths, and forming thereon. suitable journals for the bearings
of the coupling rods.
1900
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.L.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
Royal Courts Chambers,
70, 71 & 72, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Velocipedes.
We, JOHN WILLIAM HALL, of 13 Solway View, Whitehaven, in the County of
Cumberland, Engineer, and HENRY LOUIS PHILLIPS, of 57 Moorgate Street, in the
City of London, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The
Our invention relates to certain modifications and improvements in the tandem
bicycle described in our Patent numbered 13191, dated the 29th day of September
1887. This tandem bicycle has a rear-driving, and a front-steering wheel.
seats and pedal-crank axles are situated within the wheel base, and the motion of
the forward pedal crank axle is communicated either to the driving wheel direct,
or indirectly through the rear pedal-crank axle, by chain gearing of the usual type,
the small driving wheel being geared up by means of the different diameters of the
chain wheels.
According to our present invention we impart motion to the axle of the driving
wheel through any suitable lever, or rotary action, or through a combination of
both lever and rotary action, communicating such motion from the pedal levers or
cranks, as the case may be, to the said axle of the driving wheel by coupling rods.
and cranks, either with or without chain gear, and we impart a superior speed of
rotation to the driving wheel by means of any suitable form of epicyclic, or equi-
valent gear, which will impart a speed of rotation to the driving wheel superior to
that of the axle. When we use a reciprocating lever action we do not bind ourselves
to any particular type of movement, neither do we bind ourselves to the use of any
particular type of speed gear but hold ourselves at liberty to use such lever action, or
inedification or combination thereof, and such speed gear, as may be found most
suitable or convenient. The lever driving gears set forth in the following Patents
are suitable for our purpose and may be conveniently used, viz. ;-No. 834 of 1869,
No. 1871 of 1869, No. 332 of 1878, No. 4265 of 1878, No. 3625 of 1880, and
No. 2613 of 1881. The speed gears set forth in the following Patents are all adapted
for our purpose, and any of them may be conveniently used in combination with any
of the aforesaid lever driving gears, iz.;-No. 1438 of 1869, No. 860 of 1878,
No. 908 of 1880, No. 4037 of 1880, No. 4829 of 1880, No. 671 of 1881, No. 2174
of 1882, and No. 2125 of 1883. The lever driving and speed gears set forth in the
following Patents can also be conveniently used for propelling our improved tandem
bicycle, viz. No. 2603 of 1875, No. 2073 of 1880, No. 2283 of 1884, No. 1948
of 1885, No. 12349 of 1885, and 11990 of 1885.
1.
In order that our invention may be fully understood we herewith append drawings

page_text: showing by way of illustration-some methods of carrying our invention into
practical effect.
Throughout the views of the drawings similar parts are marked with like letters
of reference, and the several parts of the machine are marked with the same reference
letters as the corresponding parts of the machines illustrated in the drawings of our
prior Patent hereinbefore referred to-No. 13191 of 1887.
Referring to the drawings generally, A. designates the steering wheel and B. the
driving wheel.
designates the fork carrying the steering wheel, D. and D¹ the
steering post, d. d. the steering head or joint, E. and E¹ the handle bar pillars,
F. and F the steering handle bars and the coupling bar between the two handle
bars. G. designates the main frame. K. and K the seat pillar and saddle
respectively for the front rider, and J. and J¹ the seat pillar and saddle for the
rear rider.
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1. Sheet No. 1. illustrates a tandem bicycle
of our improved type fitted with a lever and "sun and planet" speed driving gear of
the type set forth in Patent No. 12349 of 1885. Two pairs of suitable pedal
levers H. and L. for the front and rear riders respectively, are fulcrated in any
suitable manner at the points H¹ and L', or in any other suitable and convenient
position on the main frame G. of the machine. The levers H. are coupled to the
levers L. by suitable coupling rods h. as shown, and the levers I. are coupled to
cranks B' on the axle . of the driving wheel B. by suitable coupling rods 1. as shown.
On the end of one of the coupling rods 1. is fixed a small (planet") spur wheel,
which engages with a large ("sun") spur wheel fixed directly or indirectly to the
hub of the driving wheel, thus forming a speed "sun and planet" gear by
which the reciprocating motion of the pedal levers is transmitted to the driving
wheel, and imparts motion to it at a speed superior to the reciprocations of the
said levers.
Figure 2. Sheet No. 1. of the accompanying drawings shows a modification of this
arrangement in which the front rider operates a pair of reciprocating levers H. con-
nected by suitable coupling rods . with cranks B on the axle . of the driving
wheel B; and the rear rider operates a pedal crank axle L by means of cranks L.
carrying suitable pedals. The motion of the pedal crank axle L' is communicated
to the axle . of the driving wheel B. by chain gearing of the usual type, the
speed of rotation of the two axles being equal. Between the axle . and the hub
of the wheel B. is interposed any suitable speed gear, of epicyclic or other form, such
for instance as that set forth in Patent No. 908 of 1880.
.
When we use a rotary motion for both riders, we prefer to construct it in the
manner illustrated by Figures 3. and 4. Sheet No. 2. of the accompanying drawings.
The two pedal crank axles H' and I are mounted in bearings carried by the frame G.
in any suitable manner between the steering wheel A. and the driving wheel B. On
the ends of the axles H' and L are fixed short cranks H. and L. those of each pair
being placed at a right, or any other suitable angle, to one another so long as they
are not in an axial line with each other, this to give the one crank a lead over the
other and avoid dead centres. The cranks B' on the axle 6. of the driving wheel are
made of the same length as the cranks H. and L. and are placed at the same angle
with respect to each other. On each crank of the three pairs is formed or fixed a
short crank pin and ¹ to receive the ends of coupling rods h. and l. connecting
the three cranks H. L. and B. on each side of the machine. The ends of these
coupling rods are fitted with ball bearings of any suitable type. On to the outer end
of the crank pins and ¹ are fixed other cranks H and 12 extending the
cranks H. and L. to a suitable length to carry the pedals. These cranks H and L³
are placed at such an angle with the cranks H. and L. as will bring the slotted ends of
each pair for carrying the pedals in a line with one another. If desired the two
cranks may be made in one piece by cranking them at or about the centre of their
lengths, and forming thereon suitable journals for the bearings of the coupling rods.
The driving wheel B. is mounted loosely on its axle b. and any suitable or
venient form of epicyclic, or other speed gear, is interposed to impart a motion
con-

page_text: .
to it superior to that of its axle, which obviously is driven at a speed of roiation
only equal to that of the pedal crank axles.
Those parts of the machine to which no special reference has been made, or which
are not shown in the accompanying drawings, present no novel features and may be
of the types usually employed.
We would have it understood that we do not broadly claim any particular type of
lever driving gear. or any particular type of speed gear, or any particular type of
combined lever driving and speed gear; neither do we limit ourselves to the exact
construction and arrangement of parts hereinbefore described and shown, but hold
ourselves at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the
spirit and scope of our invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. A tandem bicycle constructed specifically as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figure 1. Sheet No. 1. of the accompanying drawings.
2nd. A tandem bicycle constructed specifically as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figure 2. Sheet No. 1. of the accompanying drawings.
3rd. A tandem bicycle constructed specifically as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figure 3. Sheet No. 2. of the accompanying drawings.
4th. In a tandem bicycle having a rear-driving wheel and a front-steering wheel
controlled by one or both riders, the combination with the two seats for the riders
mounted within the wheel base, of the two reciprocating pedal levers fulcrated on the
main frame within the wheel base and adapted to be operated by the riders and
communicate motion to the axle of the driving wheel, and of a sun and planet" or
other suitable speed gear adapted to impart a speed of rotation to the driving wheel
superior to that of the axle thereof, as set forth.
5th. In a tandem bicycle having a rear-driving wheel and a non-driven front-
steering wheel controlled by one or both riders, the combination with the two seats
for the riders mounted within the wheel base, of a pair of reciprocating pedal levers
fulcrated within the wheel base and adapted to be operated by the front rider and
communicate motion to the axle of the driving wheel through suitable coupling rods
and cranks, of a rotary pedal-crank axle mounted in suitable bearings within the
wheel base and adapted to be operated by the rear rider and communicate motion to
the axle of the driving wheel through chain or other equivalent gearing, and of an
epicyclic train or other suitable speed gear arranged between the driving wheel and
its axle and adapted to impart a speed of rotation to the said wheel superior to that
of its axle, as set forth.
6th. In a tandem bicycle having a rear-driving wheel and a non-driven front-
steering wheel, the combination with the two seats for the riders mounted within the wheel
base, of two pedal crank axles running in bearings mounted on the main frame within
the wheel base, and carrying compound cranks adapted to be coupled together and
also to cranks on the axle of the driving wheel by suitable coupling rods, and to carry
suitable pedals at their free ends, and of an epicyclic or other speed gear arranged
between the driving wheel and its axle, so that a speed of rotation may be imparted
from the axle to the wheel, superior to that imparted to the said axle from the pedal
crank axle, as set forth.
7th. In a rear-driving and front steering tandem bicycle having both the seats and
pedal driving gears situated within the wheel base, the particular arrangement of
coupling rods and cranks forming the driving gear as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by Figures 3. and 4. Sheet No. 2. of the accompanying drawings.
Sth. In a rear-driving and front-steering tandem bicycle having both the seats for
the riders and the pedal lever or cranks adapted to be operated by the said riders
situated within the wheel base, communicating motion from the said levers or cranks
to the axle of the driving wheel by means of coupling rods and cranks or their

page_text: equivalents, so that the speed of rotation of the axle of the driving wheel is equal to
that of the pedal cranks, or to the reciprocations of the pedal levers, and
augmenting or increasing the motion imparted to the driving wheel from the axle
thereof, by means of any suitable epicyclic train, or equivalent speed gear, as and for
the purpose set forth.
1888.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent. Agent,
Royal Courts Chainbers,
70, 71 & 72, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.
d this 27th day of October 1888.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent. Agent,
Royal Courts Chambers,
70, 71 & 72, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.