IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE FEED WATER AND PARTIALLY CONDENSING THE EXHAUST STEAM IN PORTABLE ENGINES, LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, AND OTHER ENGINES WHEREIN THE CYLINDERS. AND BOILER ARE FIXED TOGETHER.
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Wallis and Charles James Steevens, .
both of Basingstooke, in the County of Southampton, Engineers
and Agricultural Implement Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE FEED WATER AND PARTIALLY
CONDENSING THE EXHAUST STEAM IN PORTABLE ENGINES, LOCOMOTIVE
ENGINES, AND OTHER ENGINES WHEREIN THE CYLINDERS. AND BOILER ARE
FIXED TOGETHER.
"
Sealed the 22nd March 1872, and dated the 26th September 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Wallis and
Charles James Steevens at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 26th September 1871.
WC, ARTHUR WALLIS and CHARLES JAMES STEEVENS, both of
Basingstooke, in the County of Southampton, Engineers and Agricul-
tural Implement Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE FEED WATER

page_text: 'AND PARTIALLY CONDENSING THE EXHAUST STEAM IN PORTABLE ENGINES, Loco-
MOTIVE ENGINES, AND OTHER ENGINES WHEREIN THE CYLINDERS AND BOILER ARE
FIXED TOGETHER,
to be as follows:-
""
Our Invention relates to an improved arrangement of apparatus for
heating the feed water and at the same time partially condensing the
exhaust steam in portable engines, locomotive engines, and other
engines wherein the cylinder or cylinders and boiler are fixed together,
whereby a considerable saving is effected, firstly, in the quantity of
fuel required, owing to hot water being passed into the boiler instead.
of cold water,. and secondly, in the quantity of water, owing to a
considerable portion of the exhaust steam being condensed and used
over again for the supply of the boiler.
For this purpose we convey the exhaust steam from the cylinder
through a pipe into a chamber fixed outside the boiler and running
alongside nearly its whole length. To each end of the steam chamber
is fixed a water chamber, and these two water chambers communicate
with each other by means of one or more pipes, which pass through the.
steam chamber from end to end. Water is forced into one of these
water chambers by a force pump driven by the engine in the usual
manner, and passes through the pipe or pipes into the other water
chamber, from which it is admitted into the boiler through a check
valve as usual. In its passage through the pipe the water absorbs heat
from the exhaust steam by which the pipe or pipes is or are surrounded,
and it consequently enters the boiler at a high temperature. In order
to cause the water to absorb as much heat as possible we prefer to
place inside the pipe or pipes a rod of iron or other suitable material
supported so as to be concentric with the pipe, leaving an annular
water space therein. We thus cause the water to pass from one
chamber to the other in a thin layer, the thickness of the layer
depending upon the difference between the outside diameter of the
rod and the inside diameter of the pipe.
In furtherance of the same object, namely, the causing the feed
water to absorb as much heat as possible from the steam, we prefer to
force the water into the water chamber situated at that end of the
apparatus which is nearest to the steam escape pipe hereafter described,
so that just before it issues from the pipe or pipes into the water

page_text: .
chamber at the other end of the apparatus it may be surrounded by the
steam just come from the cylinder, and consequently when it is hottest.
The pump is kept constantly working at its full capacity, the water
not required for the boiler being allowed to return to the supply tank
through a cock, which can be opened or closed at pleasure. The
water formed in the stcam chamber by the partial condensation of the
exhaust steam is also allowed to run into the supply tank through a
pipe fixed to the bottom of the steam chamber at or near the end where
the supply tank is placed, the bottom of the steam chamber being by
preference made to slope so as to cause the water to run freely towards
that end.
The steam not condensed in the steam chamber is allowed to escape into
the chimney through a pipe at or near the opposite end of the chamber to
that at which it enters it, and in order to prevent any of the condensed
water being carried up with the escaping steam the end of this pipe is
made to project into the steam chamber a short distance, the part so
projecting being also by preference surrounded inside the chamber by
a tubular projection of such an internal diameter as to leave a space
between its interior surface and the exterior surface of the part of the
escape pipe projecting into the steam chamber.
We prefer to construct the water chambers with removeable end covers,
so that by removing the covers the interior of the water pipe or pipes
which connect the two chambers together are exposed. The rods inside
them can then be removed and the pipes cleaned out by passing a tube,
brush, or scraper through them from end to end. To prevent any
danger of the water chambers bursting in cold weather by the water
freezing in them we provide any suitable known means for allowing
the water to expand in them in freezing, the plan we prefer being to
form the top of each of the water chambers into an air vessel. The
air being shut in by the water and being elastic allows of the expansion
of the water in freezing without risk of bursting the chamber.
When the apparatus is fixed directly to the boiler itself, any suitable
known form expansion joint is provided to prevent any undue strain on
the joints or bolts being caused by the expansion and contraction of
the boiler.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur Wallis and Charles James Steevens in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ARTHUR
WALLIS and CHARLES JAMES STEEVENS, both of Basingstoke, in the
County of Southampton, Engineers and Agricultural Implement Maker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in
the thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Arthur Wallis and Charles
James Steevens, Her special licence that we, the said Arthur Wallis
and Charles James Steevens, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Arthur Wallis and Charles James
Steevens, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING THE FEED
WATER AND PARTIALLY CONDENSING THE EXHAUST STEAM IN PORTABLE ENGINES,
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, AND OTHER ENGINES WHEREIN THE CYLINDERS AND BOILER
ARE FIXED TOGETHER," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Arthur, Wallis and Charles James Steevens, our executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands
and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention;
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to
the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention relates to an improved arrangement of apparatus for
heating the feed water, and at the same time partially condensing
the exhaust steam in portable engines, locomotive engines, and other
engines wherein the cylinder or cylinders and boiler are fixed together,
whereby a considerable saving is effected, firstly, in the quantity of
fuel required owing to hot water being passed into the boiler instead:
of cold water, and secondly, in the quantity of water, owing to a
considerable portion of the exhaust steam being condensed and used
over again for the supply of the boiler.
For this purpose we convey the exhaust steam from the cylinder
through a pipe into a chamber fixed outside the boiler and running
alongside nearly its whole length. To each end of the steam chamber
is fixed a water chamber, and these two water chambers communicate
with each other by means of one or more pipes, which pass through
the steam chamber from end to end. Water is forced into one of these.
water chambers by a force pump driven by the engine in the usual
manner, and passes through the pipe or pipes into the other water
chamber, from which it is admitted into the boiler through a check
valve as usual. In its passage through the pipe the water absorbs heat
from the exhaust steam, by which the pipe or pipes is or are surrounded,
and it consequently enters the boiler at a high temperature. In order
to cause the water to absorb as much heat as possible we prefer to place
inside the pipe or pipes a rod of iron or other suitable material,
supported so as to be concentric with the pipe, leaving an annular
water space therein. We thus cause the water to pass from one
chamber to the other in a thin layer, the thickness of the layer
depending upon the difference between the outside diameter of the rod
and the inside diameter of the pipe.
In furtherance of the same object, namely, the causing the feed
water to absorb as much heat as possible from the steam, we prefer to
force the water into the water chamber situated at that end of the

page_text: apparatus which is nearest to the steam escape pipe hereafter described,
so that just before it issues from the pipe or pipes into the water
chamber at the other end of the apparatus it may be surrounded by
the steam just come from the cylinder, and consequently when it is
hottest. The pump is kept constantly working at its full capacity, the
water not required for the boiler being allowed to return to the supply
tank through a cock which can be opened or closed at pleasure. The
water formed in the steam chamber by the partial condensation of the
exhaust steam is also allowed to run into the supply tank through a pipe
fixed to the bottom of the steam chamber, the bottom of the steam
chamber being by preference made to slope so as to cause the water to
run freely towards the drain pipe.
The steam not condensed in the steam chamber is allowed to escape
into the chimney through a pipe at or near the opposite end of the
chamber to that at which it enters it, and in order to prevent any of
the condensed water being carried up with the escaping steam, the end
of this pipe is made to project into the steam chamber a short distance,
the part so projecting being also by preference surrounded inside the
chamber by a tubular projection of such an internal diameter as to
leave a space between its interior surface and the exterior surface of the
part of the escape pipe projecting into the steam chamber.
We prefer to construct the water chambers with removeable end
covers, so that by removing the covers the interior of the water pipe or
pipes which connect the two chambers together are exposed. The rods
inside them can then be removed and the pipes cleaned out by passing
a tube, brush, or scraper through them from end to end.
When the apparatus is fixed directly to the boiler itself any suitable
known form of expansion joint is provided to prevent any undue strain
on the joint or bolts being caused by the expansion and contraction of
the boiler.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure shews an elevation of the water heater as applied to an
גד
Figure shews an elevation of the water heater as applied to an
ordinary portable engine, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the heater
showing the internal arrangement, and Fig. 3 is a cross section of it
on the line A., B.
The exhaust steam is conveyed from the cylinder through the pipe j

page_text: '
into the chamber a, a, after passing through which the uncondensed
portion of it passes out of the chamber through the outlet pipe d into
the chimney; b is the feed pump with its valve box c; n, n, are two
water chambers with their removeable end covers. The water is drawn
from the supply tank p by the pump through the suction pipe e forced
through the pipe k into the water chamber at that end of the heater,
and passes through the heating tubes m, m, into the water chamber
at the other end of the heater, from which it passes through the pipe i
fitted with a check valve into the boiler; 1, 1, are the rods supported in
the end covers of the heater, so as to lie concentrically in the water
tubes m, m, for the purpose of causing the water to pass through the
tubes in a thin layer next the periphery. These rods may have a screw
thread on their circumference so as to give the water a tendency to
move helically through the tubes, and thereby to be longer exposed to
the heat. is an overflow pipe through which the water not required
for the supply of the boiler is allowed to return into the supply tank p,
the quantity so returned being regulated by opening or closing the
cock f g is a pipe for draining off the water condensed from the
exhaust steam in the heater, and conveying it into the supply tank to
be used over again; o, o, are projecting ribs cast on the top of the heater
to form a foothold for the engine driver when standing on the heater
for cleaning or oiling the engine. The heater is firmly fixed to the
smoke box end of the engine, and rests on a bracket at the other
end, and suitable expansion joints are provided in the pipe connections
at and i so as to allow of free expansion and contraction.
.
.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that
we do not claim, generally the use of feed water heaters whereby the
feed water is heated in its passage through pipes surrounded by waste
steam; but we claim,
First. The use in such feed water heaters of rods easily removeable
for the purpose of spreading the water in the tubes into a thin layer next
the circumference, and giving convenient access for cleansing the tubes,
substantially as herein described.
Second. The mode substantially as herein described of constructing

page_text: and applying a feed water heater to portable engines and engines of like
character.
In witness whereof, we, the said Arthur Wallis and Charles James'
Steevens, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 21st day
of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-two.
Witness,
JESSE BECK.
ARTHUR WALLIS.
(L.S.)
CHARLES J. STEEVENS. (L.S.)