MENTS IN POWER HAMMERS
Year: 1886

page_text: I, JOHN WILD, of Chadderton, Near Oldham, in the county of Lancaster,
Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN POWER HAMMERS, to be as follows:-
And which has refference to cushioning the hammer head, regulating the length
of the stroke, the weight of the blow, & to varying the point of termination of
the stroke.
The hammer head works between guides, which may either be adjustable or
otherwise, & of any convenient kind, fixed to, or forming part of, the frame work
of the hammer.
The said hammer head is chambered out with an opening on one side. Through
this chamber one or more round bars are passed vertically, and on this, or these,
round bar, or bars, a block is placed, which is free to move up or down, on the said
round bar or bars.
On the upper & lower side of the said block, and on the said round bar, or bars,
a spiral spring, or springs, is, or are placed in such a manner, that when, in their
proper position, their opposite ends shall come in contact with the block & the
extremities of the chamber and at the same time shall be a little compressed.
To the said block, the end of a lever, or levers, is, or are attached by means of a
pin, passing through both block & lever, or levers. The other end of the lever, or
levers may be attached to a rod, which can be raised, or lowered, or fixed, as
desired, in any convenient way, or; the lever, or levers, may be attached to a
pivoted nut, through which a screw passes, whose end passes through the eye of a
stud, which passes through the frame work of the hammer, the said screw being
free to rotate in the nut, & in the eye of the stud, and the said stud free to
rotate in the framework of the hammer, so that the screw is free to move to & fro,
& to rotate at the same time, & so raise or lower the said pivoted nut, together
with the outer end of the lever, or levers.
On the part of the lever, or levers, between each end, a bracket, or brackets, is,
or are placed, in such a manner, as to be easyly moved to & fro, or fixed as desired.
To the said bracket or brackets, a rod is attached, by means of a pin, or pins,
& the other end of the rod is attached to a crank, or eccentric, fixed on a shaft
which is free to rotate.

page_text: Now, by revolving the said shaft, the hammer head will pass through a certain
distance, but, if the bracket on the lever be moved nearer the hammer head, the
said hammer head will move through a shorter distance than before, and, if it be
moved further from the hammer head, the said hammer head will move through
a greater distance than before also if the outer end of the lever, or levers, be
lowered, then the blow will be lighter, or the hammer will admitt a larger peice
of metal to be operated upon & consequently, if the said outer end be raised, then
the blow will be heavier, or the hammer will strike a smaller peice of metal than
before,
By placing the spiral springs in the chamber, above & below the said movable
block, the maid hammer head is cushioned at both ends of the stroke & can be used
with advantage for all kinds of work.

page_text: I JOHN WILD of Chadderton near Oldham in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
•
My invention relates to improvements, hereinafter described, in power hammers,
whereby the same are simplified and made more efficient.
My said improvements are particularly applicable to power hammers which are
worked by a "crank" or "eccentric" and "lever" or "levers" but may be equally
applied to other power hammer&
The improvements have reference to cushioning the hammer head, and also to
regulating the length of the stroke and weight of the blow either of which last
mentioned operations may be performed independent of the other.
On the accompanying drawing Fig. 1. is a side sectional view of a power hammer
constructed upon my improved principle and Fig. 2. also represents a modification
of my improvements shewn applied to another description of hammer.
In both views the same letters of reference are used to denote similar parts.
The hammer head a. works between guides b. which may be either adjustable or
otherwise and of any convenient kind fixed to or forming part of the frame c.
This hammer head a. is chambered out with an opening or chamber a¹ (by
preference on the rear side) and through which chamber one or more round vertical
bars d. pass and which are rigidly secured in position. Upon these bars a pair of
blocks . are so mounted as to be capable of sliding freely up and down thereupon
but interspersed loosely between these blocks e. and the top and bottom of the
chamber al and surrounding the said bars d. are a corresponding series of spiral or
coiled springs f.
These sliding blocks e. are connected to one extremity of a lever g. (by pins
projecting from either side of such lever) and the other end of which lever is
connected to a rod h. as illustrated..
The lower extremity of this rod h. is screwed through a nut i, which is not only
capable of turning upon its vertical axis but is also so connected or jointed to the
frame c. as to oscillate thereupon in accordance with the curve described by the end
of the lever g.
This nut i. is revolved so as to move the screw up or down by means of a pair of
bevil wheels 1. and hand wheel m. so that by turning such nut & in its bearing, the
rod h. may be screwed more or less through the nut and thus the degree or force of
blow of the hammer head be adjusted to the greatest nicety whilst the said springs
act as a cushion to the hammer head at each end of its stroke.
I do not confine myself to this precise mode of adjusting the position of the
lower end of the rod h. as it will be readily seen that the same may be considerably
varied without departing. from my invention-for instance, the rod might be
connected at any other point in the length of the said lever, the other mechanism
being modified accordingly.
It only now remains to describe how the up and down motion is imparted to
the hammer head and this is effected in the case of Fig. 1, by a sliding bracket o.

page_text: mounted upon the lever g. being connected at its lower extremity and by means of
a connecting rod p.. to the crank pin q. of the usual driving shaft r. The sliding
bracket o. being capable of sliding along the length of the lever g. and of being
fixed in any position thereupon by the clamping nut o'.
It will be apparent that if this bracket o. is fixed nearer to the hammer head the
stroke of the same will be decreased whilst if affixed farther off the hammer head
it will be increased and thus an adjustment of the length of stroke is also
obtainable.
In the case of Fig. 2. the lever g. is shewn as operated by means of a block 8.
capable of sliding in a alot t. formed in such lever and which block receives a
direct revolving motion from the adjustable crank pin u. upon the driving shaft v.
without the intervention or necessity of a connecting rod.
It will be obvious that the various adjustments hereinbefore described viz:-the
length of the stroke and weight of the blow, can be effected independently of each
other and it is found in practise that these adjustments and the cushioning of the
hammer head render this improved power hammer more perfect in action and
applicable to all kinds of work limited only by the power of the hammer.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I claim as my improvements in
power hammers :-
1st. The improved method of cushioning the hammer head by the application
thereto of springs above and below a sliding block or blocks mounted and operated
substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
2nd. The mode of and mechanism for regulating and adjusting the length of
stroke of the hammer head substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated
on the accompanying drawing.
3rd. The mode of and mechanism for regulating or adjusting the degree or
weight of blow of the hammer head substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated on the accompanying drawing.
4th. The general combinations and arrangements of mechanism constituting an
improved power hammer substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated on
the accompanying drawing.