IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Holding and James Robert.Casbay;
both of Chatham, County of Kent, Soap Makers, for the Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP:"
Scaled the 31st July 1857, and dated the 2nd February 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Holding
7.
and James Robert' Casbay at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd February 1857.
I, WILLIAM HENRY HOLDING, and I, JAMES ROBERT CASBAY, both of
Chatham, County of Kent, Soap Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," to be as
follows:-
I take rosin, such as is generally made use of in the manufacture of soap,
but instead of applying it in the ordinary way, I prepare it in the following
manner, that is to say:-I enclose it in a retort or any covered vessel of a suit-
able form, and decompose it by dry distillation at a high temperature. The
products, which pass off in the following order, are light inflammable gases,
which may be collected and used for burning a substance similar in appearance
to pinic acid, tar; and pitch'; the residium, which constitutes the greater
portion of the whole, is then deodorized by seperating the substance resembling
pinic acid from it. In this state it is now ready for use, and I apply it to the
manufacture of soap, putting it through the usual manipulations and processes
required when' resins are applied to this purpose:

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Henry Holding and James Robert Casbay-in the
Great Seal Patent Office on. the 1st August. 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HENRY HOLDING and JAMES ROBERT CASBAY, both of Chatham, County of
Kent, Soap Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Henry Holding and James Robert Casbay, Her special
licence that we, the said William Henry Holding and James Robert Casbay,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
William Henry Holding and James Robert Casbay, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and, vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we; the said William Henry Holding and
James Robert Casbay, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our; or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Henry Holding and James
Robert Casbay, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to, be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to say:
We take the ordinary rosin of commerce,, and subject it to a high tempe-
rature in a still of the form usually adopted. for dry distillation.. We prefer
the heat to be from six hundred to seven hundred. degrees Fahrenheit; the
effect of this action is to decompose the rosin,, and we receive the following
products which come off from the still in the order named-A volatile gas,
a spiritus liquor resembling naptha, an unctuous oil, and finally the pitch,
which remains as a residuum product in the still. The volatile gas we seperate
as soon as it leaves the still; the spiritus liquor and oil we pass through a
2
:

page_text: horizontal condenser surrounded with cold water, the oil coming off after the
spirit. This oil we a second time subject to the action of the still, so as to
volatilize and seperate any of the essential oils or spirit which may be held
in it; and finally we draw it off from the still and apply it in combination
with fats and other substances to the manufacture of soap by the methods
ordinarily adopted for that purpose.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Henry Holding and James
Robert Casbay, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirty-
first day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-seven.
(Legally signed)
WILLIAM HENRY HOLDING. (L.S.)
JAMES ROBERT CASBAY.
(L.S.)
JAMES WRIGHT,
10, Alfred Place,
Witness.
Newington Causeway,
London.