IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO MECHANICAL TELEGRAPHS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT. to William Chadburn, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Optician, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING
TO MECHANICAL TELEGRAPHS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Chadburn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th January 1881.
WILLIAM CHADBURN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Optician.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO MECHANICAL TELEGRAPHS."
F
My Invention relates to an arrangement of shafting in combination with bevelled
wheels, and spur wheels, and indicator dials, and pointers, the combined arrange-
ment constituting a mechanical telegraph for transmitting messages or, orders,"
and replying. to same, and is particularly applicable as a. ship telegraph for
transmitting messages from the bridge to the engine room. or from the bridge to
the steersman, or for other like purposes.
The following is a description of my Invention applied to what is known as a
revolution telegraph, or telegraph whereby orders can be transmitted from the
bridge to the engine room to state and indicate not only the direction and speed of
the engines but to define the revolutions. The transmitting and receiving dials
are identical and of known type, one section being devoted to "ahead" with the usual
points, slow, half speed, three quarters speed, full speed, and another section being
devoted to astern, with the points slow, half speed, full speed. Both these sections
have the usual "stand by" point, and the sections are separated from each other
by the points "stop" and "revolutions." A blank point also may be used next to
the revolutions point. The "ahead" section is supplemented by two concentric
series of numerals, one series representing units and the other series representing.
tens. The dials being thus arranged they are provided with two pointers, each
arranged to gear together and cover each other for ordinary working when
indicating ahead and astern and the ordinary indications only, and arranged to
work separately when indicating revolutions. The essential feature of my Invention
is the way in which I gear the transmitter and receiving instruments together, and

page_text: consists, for example, in mounting the unit pointer and handle of the transmitter
upon a hollow shaft, boss, or sleeve, which is loosely mounted over the shaft which
carries the tens pointer and handle. The same arrangement is observed at the
receiving instrument. The connections are made by means of a duplicate system
of shafting and bevel wheels. One system of shafting connects the unit pointers,
and the other system of shafting connects the tens pointers of the instruments.
The primary and terminal connections between the hollow shaft, boss, or sleeve
which carries the unit pointers and their connecting shaft is made by means of
toothed wheels. By this means the units and tens pointers may be worked
independently of each other so as to be adapted for revolution indicators, or when
fastened together the indicators will work conjointly, acting as an ordinary
indicator and covering each other, or, if desired, by placing a handle on the tens
a reply
pointer of the receiving instrument my Invention is applicable as
telegraph.
The usual alarm bell is applied in the receiving instrument, and any suitable
leads and mountings can be used for the duplicate shafting.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Chadburn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th July 1881.
WILLIAM CHADBURN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Optician.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO MECHANICAL TELEGRAPHS."
My Invention relates to an arrangement of shafting in combination with bevelled
wheels, and spur wheels, and indicator dials, and pointers, the combined arrange-
ment constituting a mechanical telegraph for transmitting messages or orders and
replying to same, and is particularly applicable as a ship telegraph for transmitting
messages from the bridge to the engine room, or from the bridge to the steersman,
or for other like purposes.
The following is a description of my Invention is such full, clear, and concise
terms as to enable any one skilled in the art to which it belongs to make' and use
the same, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings making a
part of this Specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon,
like letters and figures being used to denote the same or corresponding parts
throughout the various views.
j
The example herein described and shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the
Drawings illustrates my Invention applied to what is known as a revolution
telegraph, or a telegraph whereby orders may be transmitted from the bridge to
the engine room to state and indicate not only the direction' and speed of the
engines, but to define the revolutions which it is desired that the engines should
make.
'3.2

page_text: '
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Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of the instruments and operating gear.
Figure 2 is a plan of Figure 1 shown in section through A, A, Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a section through B, B, Figure 1.
"' «
1
"
"
Figure 4 is a plan of the dials, which are the same on both instruments.
Upon reference it will be seen that A is the transmitting instrument, and B the
receiving instrument, the dials of which are identical and of known type (see
Figure 4), one section being devoted to "ahead," with the usual points "stand by,'
"slow," "half speed," "three quarters speed," "full speed," and the other section
being devoted to "astern," with the usual points "stand by," "slow," half speed,"
"full speed."The sections are separated from each other by the points "stop
and "revolutions." A blank point may also be used next to the revolution point.
The "ahead" section is supplemented by two concentric series of numerals, one
series of representing units, and the other series representing tens. The dials of
the instruments A and B being thus arranged, they are provided with two
pointers C and D arranged to cover each other, and be held in such position by the
pin E in the instrument A for ordinary working, when indicating "ahead" and
astern," and the ordinary indications only, and by removing the pin E to work
separately when indicating revolutions; thus when the pin E is removed, one
pointer may be placed to stand at the tens, say, 60, and the other pointer may be
placed at the units, say, 5, thus showing 65 as the revolutions required.
"
F.
"The essential feature of my Invention is the way in which I gear the trans-
mitting instrument A with the receiving instrument B, so that whatever position
the pointers C, D, of the instrument A may be placed in, the pointers S, P, of the
instrument B would assume the same position. The gear consists in mounting the
unit pointer and handle D of the transmitting instrument A upon a hollow shaft,
boss, or sleeve H, which is loosely mounted over the shaft F which carries the
tens pointer and handle C. The same arrangement is observed in the receiving
instrument B, namely, the unit pointer S is mounted-upon the hollow shaft or
sleeve R, and the tens pointer P is mounted upon the central shaft or spindle O.
The connections are made by means of a duplicate system of shafting and bevel
wheels, namely, the shaft F works the bevel wheels M which operates the bevel
wheel N and the shaft O, and thus communicates motion from the tens pointer C of
the instrument A to the tens pointer P of the instrument B, and the hollow shaft H
communicates motion to the toothed wheels J, K, and to the shaft L, which through
the bevel wheels W, X, the shaft V, the toothed wheels U, T, and the hollow
shaft R, communicates motion from the units pointer D of the instrument A to the
units pointer S of the instrument B. It will be seen that the primary and terminal
connections between the hollow shaft H and the hollow shaft R, are made by means
of the toothed wheels J, K, and U, T.
'
By the arrangement, according to my Invention, the units and tens pointers may
be worked independently of each other, so as to be adapted for revolution indicators
(or independant telegraphs, such as for working twin engines), or when fastened
together by the pin E the pointers will, all work conjointly, acting as an ordinary
indicator, or, if desired, by placing a handle, as shown in dotted lines, on the
pointer P of the instrument B the instruments and gear will act as a reply
telegraph.
An illustration of this latter arrangement is shown in side elevation at Figure 5,
Figure 6 being a plan of the dial and pointers of the transmitting instrument, and
Figure 7 being a plan of the dial and pointers of the receiving instrument. These
dials are of ordinary construction, and the shafting and gearing for working the
pointers is the same as that shown at Figures 1, 2, and 3. In this case it will be
seen that the pointer C on the transmitting instrument A is the indicating pointer
worked by the handle C¹, and operating through the gear and shafting, and
working the indicating pointer. P of the receiving intrument B, and that the
pointer D on the transmitting instrument A is the reply pointer worked by the
handle S' of the receiving instrument through the return gearing and shafting, as
will be understood.

page_text: Having now described my Invention, and shown how the same may be put into
practical operation, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise details of the instruments and gear shown in the Drawings, as it will be
evident that the same can be varied without departing from my Invention. It will
alsó be evident that my Invention can be applied to other descriptions of telegraph
than to that shown in the Drawings, for example, it may be applied as a helm
telegraph, or to the working of turrets and like purposes of communication. I
would also have it understood that the construction of dials herein shown form no
part of my Invention, as such dials were in ordinary use prior to my Invention,
but what I claim as my Invention and secured to me by Letters Patent as
aforesaid is,-
First. Constructing and arranging mechanical telegraphs with duplicate toothed
and bevel gearing and shafting, so that the telegraph can be used for ordinary
indications, or for separate indications, such as revolutions, as herein described and
shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Second. Constructing and arranging mechanical telegraphs with reply gear, as
herein described and shown in the Drawings hereto annexed.
Third. In mechanical telegraphs of the type herein described, coupling the
handles and pointers together, so that the telegraph can be used as an ordinary
telegraph, or when disconnected as separate telegraphs, as herein described and
shown at Figure 1 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
. A
Fourth. Constructing mechanical telegraphs so that the pointer C and its handle.
of the transmitting instrument is interchangeable with the pointer P of the
receiving instrument, as herein described, for the purposes set forth and as shown
at Figure 1 of the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Chadburn, have hereunto set my.
hand and seal, this Second day of July, in the year of our Lord. One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
:
WILLIAM (L.S.)
(L.S.) CHADBURN.