Improvements in the Construction and Manufacture of Kettles, and in the Construction of Parts thereof.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Feb., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 1st Dec., 1892-Accepted, 7th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction and Manufacture of Kettles, and
in the Construction of Parts thereof.
I, WILLIAM NATHANIEL COTTRELL, of Albert Cottage, Sweetman Street,
Wolverhampton, in the County of Stafford, Iron Brazier, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Kettles, as usually constructed, are very bulky when packed for transit as they
cannot be nested together in the manner in which many other holloware utensils
are nested in packing, and being extremely light for their bulk the cost of packing
cases is very heavy compared with the weight of the goods, and the cost of carriage,
more especially by sea and in countries where the land carriage is by waggon or
cart, is also very heavy. The cost of the article to the ultimate purchaser is thus
increased greatly beyond the value of the article as it leaves the manufactory.
Now, the chief object of this invention is to construct sheet metal kettles each in
a number of parts which will pack together with the parts of similarly constructed
kettles so much more compactly than kettles constructed in the ordinary manner as
to very materially reduce the cost of packing cases and of transit, and which may
be readily put together, to form complete kettles ready for use, by unskilled
labour.
The top of a kettle is made, according to this invention, separate from the body,
and has a flange or rim formed therewith which is screw-threaded in the manner in
which sheet metal lamp connections are screw-threaded, and is ultimately fastened
to the body by being screwed upon threads similarly formed around the upper end
thereof. The bottom also may, if desired, be formed to be similarly attached to
the body. A screw-threaded brass or other ring is brazed around the opening in
the body which communicates with the spout, and the spout has a corresponding
ring brazed thereto which is screw-threaded for connection with the ring which is
brazed to the body. When a drop handle is required, as is usually the case for
instance for the South African markets, a pair of ears of the ordinary character for
such purpose are riveted to the top of the kettle, and the handle is formed with
plain round ends projecting horizontally outwards, so that it may be put in place
by springing the ends inwards sufficiently to clear the ears and then allowing them
to spring outwards into the eyes of the ears; and when the handle is required to
be fixed rigidly, as is usually the case for instance for the South American markets,
the ends are formed with feet through which elongated holes are formed, and to fix
the handle in place the feet thereof are passed down over turn-buttons which are
turned across on the top of the feet.
Kettles constructed in the manner above described, when for distant markets, are,
of course, packed in pieces and put together on arrival at their destination; but
kettles may also be advantageously made in parts in the above manner and put
together at the manufactory, as the means of connecting the parts avoids the need
of brazing or soldering and thus reduces the cost of manufacture.
Dated this 1st day of February 1892
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction and Manufacture of Kettles, and
in the Construction of Parts thereof.
I, WILLIAM NATHANIEL COTTRELL, of Albert Cottage, Sweetman Street,
Wolverhampton in the County of Stafford, Iron Brazier, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Kettles, as usually constructed, are very bulky when packed for transit as they
cannot be nested together in the manner in which many other holloware utensils
are nested in packing, and being extremely light for their bulk the cost of packing
cases is very heavy compared with the weight of the goods, and the cost of
carriage, more especially by sea and in countries where the land carriage is by
wagon or cart, is also very heavy. The cost of the article to the ultimate
purchaser is thus increased greatly beyond the value of the article as it leaves
the manufactory.
Now, the chief object of this invention is to construct sheet metal kettles each in
a number of parts which will pack together with the parts of similarly constructed
kettles so much more compactly than kettles constructed in the ordinary manner as
to very materially reduce the cost of packing cases and of transit, and which may
be readily put together, to form complete kettles ready for use, by unskilled
labour.
This invention is illustrated by the drawings herewith, of which Figure 1 is a
vertical section, taken in a direction longitudinally through the spout and handle, of
a kettle of which the top, body, spont and a drop handle are put together in the
manner of this invention. The top A is made separate from the body, and has a
flange or rim a formed therewith which is screw-threaded in the manner in which
sheet metal lamp connections are screw-threaded, and is ultimately fastened to the
body B by being screwed into the top thereof which is similarly threaded for the
purpose. The top may be screwed outside the body, but it is preferred to screw it
inside, as shewn. It is preferred, also, to form the top in one piece of sheet metal,
which is first pressed into shape with a plain flange a which is afterwards screw-
threaded; and to form the body of the kettle also in one piece of sheet metal in
suitable dies, as will be readily understood, the threads being formed in the upper
end thereof after the operation of the raising dies; but the top may be formed in a
separate piece of metal to the threaded flange a and be fixed thereto by folding
brazing or otherwise, and the bottom may, of course, be formed of a separate
piece of metal to the body and be brazed or otherwise fixed therein.
A. screw-threaded brass or other ring is brazed to the opening in the body B
which communicates with the spout C, and the spout has a corresponding ring c
brazed thereinto which is screw-threaded for connection with the ring b. An
enlarged section of the ring b, in position in the side of the kettle, is shewn by
Figure 2; and a similarly enlarged section of the ring c, in position in the end of
the spout, is shewn by Figure 3. The ring 6 has a flange therearound for
convenience in fixing, and this flange comes against the exterior of the body B; and
the ring has a flange c¹ therearound for convenience in fixing, and this flange
comes against the end of the spout. When the spout is screwed up in place, the
flanges band bed up against one another.
When a drop handle is required, as is usually the case for instance for the South
African markets, a pair of cars d d of the ordinary character for such purpose, or
other suitable eyes or lugs, are riveted to the top A of the kettle, as shewn by
Figure 1, and the handle D is formed with plain cylindrical ends e projecting
horizontally outwards, and is put in place by first inserting one of the ends through
one of the ears, and then springing the ends inwards sufficiently for the other end

page_text: thereof to clear the other ear, and finally allowing such end to spring outwards
again and through such other ear. A view of one of the ears, as it is seen looked
at from one end of the kettle, is shewn by Figure 4. The ends e might, of course,
be formed to project inwardly, in which case the handle would have to be sprung
first outwards in putting it in place; but I do not consider this method so good as
the one in which the ends project outwardly.
When the handle is required to be fixed rigidly, as is usually the case for instance
for the South American markets, this may be effected in the manner shewn by
Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, that is to say, each end of the handle for connection with
the kettle is formed as a foot and has an elongated or slotted hole therethrough,
as shewn by Figure 5, which represents a detached view of the upper face of one
of such ends and a section of one side of the handle. Each foot is passed over one
of a pair of turn buttons g, one of which is shewn by Figure 6 in place on the top of
the kettle and to be turned into the proper position to receive a foot of the handle
thereover. The turn button is formed of the shape of the slot or elongated hole
through the foot of the handle, but slightly smaller so that the foot may be passed
down thereover, and is furnished with a shank g' which is riveted to the top of the
kettle in such manner that it may be turned axially, but such shank is preferably
riveted sufficiently tightly to ensure that it will remain in any position into which
it may be turned unless moved therefrom by some fairly considerable force. In
order to give the necessary frictional hold, it is convenient to rivet the shank at
the back of a washer h which bears against the underside of the kettle top. The
head of the turn button is spaced by the shank g¹ sufficiently from the surface of
the kettle top to allow such head to be turned across the top of the foot of the
handle after such foot has been placed thereover.
Figures 7 and 8 are, respectively, a side elevation and plan shewing the foot to
have been placed in position over the turn button, and the latter to have been
turned over the top of the foot in order to hold it down.
A modification of the method, described in the last preceding paragraph, of
fixing the handle rigidly in place, and one which I prefer to employ for the
purpose, is illustrated by Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12. Of these views Figure 9 is a
side elevation of one of the feet of the handle fixed in place upon the kettle, and
Figure 10 is a plan thereof. According to this modification, the hole through the
foot of the handle is open at its outer end, and the foot is engaged with the kettle
by pushing it down endways under a button k, which has a shank / which is riveted
to the top of the kettle. This shank is of the shape of the open-ended hole
through the foot of the handle, and as the foot is pushed down endways under the
button the metal on each side of the hole passes along the sides, respectively, of
the shank. The foot is made a fairly good fit between the top of the kettle and
the underside of the button, and the shank 1 is made a fairly good fit also within the
open-ended hole, so that when both the ends or feet of the handle are pushed into
place in the manner described the handle is rigidly held therein. Figure 11 is a
view of the underside of the button k, as if the same were laid down horizontally,
and shews the shank and also the rivet m by which the button and shank are
riveted to the top of the kettle; and Figure 12 shews a corresponding plan of one
of the feet of the handle and a section through the shank 1, the button head being
shewn by broken lines. To fasten the handle in place, one of the feet is first
pushed into place under a button and then the ends of the handle are sprung
inwards sufficiently to allow the other foot to be similarly pushed under the other
button. This modification may be varied by forming the ends of the handle plain
and pushing them into holes formed in lugs fixed to the kettle top or under straps
riveted thereto, the handle being, in this case also, sprung into place.
Kettles constructed in the manner above described, when for distant markets are,
of course, packed in pieces, the body parts nesting into one another and the tops
also nesting into one another; and the parts are put together, on arrival at their
destination, by screwing the tops and spouts to the bodies and springing the handles
into place or fixing them to the kettles by means of turn buttons as described.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in the construction and manufacture of kettles according
to which the tops thereof are screwed upon the bodies, substantially in the manner
described.
2. Tops and bodies for kettles constructed separately from one another and
formed with screwed parts to enable them to be connected together by unskilled
labour, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.
3. Forming a screwed connection between kettle spouts and bodies, substantially
in the manner described.
4. Connecting handles with kettles by springing them into place thereon,
substantially as described.
5. Forming drop handles for kettles with projecting ends for engagement with
ears, eyes, or lugs, previously fixed to the kettles, in such manner that the handles
may be sprung in place, substantially as described.
6. Forming handles for rigid connection with kettles, with feet having oblong
holes therethrough, and mounting on the portions of the kettles which are to
receive the handles turn buttons for locking over the feet, substantially as
described; and also the modified form of such means of fixture, according to which
the feet are formed with open-ended holes, and buttons having shanks or parts to
engage with such holes are riveted to the parts of the kettles which are to receive
the handles, or the feet are formed for engagement with lugs or straps fixed for
such purpose to such parts of the kettles, substantially as described.
7. The means of connecting handles with kettles substantially as described and
shewn, according to different modifications, by the drawings herewith.
8. Kettles constructed in parts substantially in the manner described, so that
such parts may be packed in a very small compass and on arrival at their
destination be readily put together by unskilled labour, to form complete utensils.
Dated this 29th day of November 1892
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.