Improvements in Tools or Machines for Facing, Turning, Boring and otherwise Cutting Flanges on Castings and for Operating upon other Articles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 6th Sept., 1897-Accepted, 16th Oct., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools or Machines for Facing, Turning, Boring and
otherwise Cutting Flanges on Castings and for Operating upon
other Articles.
We, WILLIAM ALFRED PEARN and FRANK PEARN of Gorton, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineers, and EDWARD GREENWOOD WRIGLEY of
172 Rookery Road, Handsworth in the County of Stafford, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements are made upon and combined with those for which Letters
Patent were granted to two of us the said William Alfred Pearn and Frank Pearn
No. 20498 of 1891, and the present improvements refer mainly to mechanism
to be combined with that described in the Complete Specification of the said
Letters Patent for causing the speed of the cut to keep uniform or nearly so,
whether the tool is cutting (as in facing flanges) in a small or large circle-in
other words, it refers namely to mechanism for causing the cutting tool to have
a slow speed of rotation for large diameters, and an increased speed for small
diameters, automatically.
There is a lathe bed and upright slideway from it, upon which there is a slide
moving vertically carrying the bearings of the face plate spindle or shaft, and
across the face plate, there is a slide carrying the cutting tool, which cross slide
for the tool is actuated by screw, which is driven by bevel wheels from a shaft
in the hollow axis of the face plate spindle, which shaft is actuated by a shaft
and gearing from the face plate spindle, all of which parts being the same or
similar to those described in the said Complete Specification.
The fast and loose driving pulleys are upon a shaft in bearings in brackets on
the bed, the lengthway of this shaft being parallel to the lengthway of the lathe
bed, and this first motion shaft comes under and is parallel to the axes of the
friction discs hereinafter referred to-and this first motion shaft has one or two
pulleys upon it, and an endless belt passes from it over a pulley on a hollow
axis, which rotates on a stationary shaft carried in a suitable framing the axis
of this stationary shaft being midway between and parallel to the said friction
discs then the belt after passing over this pulley on the tubular axis descends to
the pulley on the first motion shaft under it, and then ascends again to and
over a corresponding pulley on a hollow axis on the said stationary shaft and
then returns again to the pulley on the first motion shaft.
It will thus be seen that this belt drives the two pulleys in opposite directions.
It has been said that each belt pulley is upon a hollow axis and upon each
of which there is a pulley that can slide to and fro, being connected therewith
by a key and key groove on the hollow shaft, so that these pulleys, the peripheries
of which come between the faces of the friction discs can be moved to and from
the axes of the friction discs.
Each friction disc has a shaft on one side which is carried in a bearing in a
suitable bracket and the end of each shaft has a helical spring and adjusting

page_text: screw and anti-friction arrangement so that pressure may be put on the shaft
to force the face of each friction disc against both peripheries of the movable
pulleys to give the required driving adhesion.
The stationary shaft for the movable pulleys is tubular for a rod or shaft,
which extends to a support forming a bearing, for its end which has two cam
surfaces, which when the rod or shaft is partly, rotated, act upon the inner ends
of two rods guided in the support, the other outer ends of these rods coming in
and against the centres of the friction discs.
The outer end of the rod or shaft has a handle upon it by which it can be
partly rotated, and by this arrangement the friction discs can be simultaneously
pushed back against the action of the springs so as to be clear of the peripheries
of the movable pulleys to allow them to be adjusted when required. This rod
or shaft having the handle, is also' connected to a spiral or other spring (one
end secured to the framing, the other to the rod or shaft) which has power enough
to rotate the shaft when the friction dises have to be forced apart, and the hand
wheel is for rotating this rod or shaft against the action. of this spiral spring
to allow the friction discs to he pressed by the springs against the edges of the
movable pulleys, and there is a catch to hold the rod or shaft to prevent the
spiral spring from acting except when required, which will be hereinafter
explained.
Both friction dises are connected by gearing with a shaft, one only need be
geared in some cases, but it is preferred that both he geared with the shaft,
which has its bearings in two links hereinafter referred to-one end of the shaft
geared with the friction discs has a spur pinion upon it that gears with a spur
wheel on the back of the face plate or a wheel on the face plate spindle.
The two links are jointed at one end on parts concentric with the axis' of the
face plate spindle and at the other end are jointed with an oscillating frame.
concentric with the axis driven by the gear wheels on the friction discs, which
axis is carried in the frame which is jointed to and rocks an an axis concentric
with the axes of the friction discs.
This arrangement permits the vertical slide carrying the face plate spindle to
be moved up and down and to be kept in gear with the driving discs in every
position of the vertical slide. The movable pulleys have each a groove in their
bosses for a fork which is on a sliding rod in suitable bearings, and the rod has
a tooth rack upon it to gear with a small pinion which also gears with a similar
toothed rack on a rod sliding in suitable bearings which has the fork secured
to it for the other movable pulley. By this arrangement when one pulley is
moved one way, the other is moved simultaneously in the opposite direction,
thus bringing the movable pulleys nearer to or further from the axis of the
friction discs.
One of these fork rods is connected with the end of a screw shaft in such
manner as to permit the screw to rotate, but not move endways, except 'with the
bar with which it is connected. This screw shaft passes through a screw nut
loss arranged to rotate in a bracket but not to move endways This screw nut
has or may have a skew bevel upon it that gears with another in bearings in a
bracket in which it can rotate, but not move endways. This last named skew
hevel is upon a vertical shaft with which it is connected by a key and key groove,
the vertical shaft being in bearings at its upper end in the slide for the face
plate spindle, so that the vertical shaft moves up and down with it and through
the boss of the skew bevel.
The upper end of the vertical shaft is geared by bevels with the face plate
spindle. There is another vertical shaft arranged in like manner driven by
bevel wheels from the shaft driving that in the hollow of the face plate spindle,
which rotates the screw traversing the cutter across the slide in the face plate.
This last named vertical shaft drives by bevels, a wheel in a bearing in which
it can rotate, but not move endways, and this wheel is on the plain end of the
screw shaft connected with the forks that act upon the movable pulleys, and the

page_text: wheel is connected with the plain part of this shaft by a key and key groove so
that the shaft can slide to and fro.
The outer end of this shaft can also be rotated by a hand wheel for adjusting
purposes.
:
When the screw nut and the wheel on the plain part of the screw shaft are
rotated at the same speed, the screw does not move endways, therefore the movable
pulleys do not traverse but remain stationary as to, end movement-but if one
is driven faster than the other the screw moves endways one way or the other
accordingly.
The screw can be made stationary by putting certain wheels driven from the
face plate spindle into gear in place of others for giving feed, and the cutting
tool will then remain stationary as when required for turning the edge of a flange.
One of the rods connected with the toothed rack bars for changing the position
of the movable pulleys has a stop collar inclined on both sides which can be
adjusted as required to come against the latch hereinbefore referred to for
preventing the spiral spring from acting, this stop when the bar has moved to
the point required acting to lift or move and release the catch and allow the
spring to act to rotate the rod or shaft and thus force the friction discs apart
and thus stop the driving.
The slide on the lathe bed carrying the article to be operated upon is self
acted when required by a screw shaft which comes to one end of the bed and
has speed pulleys secured upon it and receives rotary motion by a belt working on
other speed pulleys on the axis in the oscillating frame for the wheels receiving
rotary motion from the friction discs.
We do not confine ourselves to the mechanism described or its details as
other mechanism may be employed without departing from our invention, for
example. Instead of a stationary shaft for the belt pulleys there may be rotary
shafts in suitable bearings and instead of the movable pulleys being on tubular
axes, they may be on the rotary shafts each connected therewith by a key and
key groove.
The shaft or, rod and connected mechanism for pushing the friction discs apart
may be dispensed with.
The screw shaft connected with tooth rack bars and gearing as hereinbefore
described may also be dispensed with.
The forks for the movable pulleys between the friction discs in this case have
their bosses screw threaded to fit a right and left handed screw shaft which is in
bearings so that it can rotate, but not move endways and the plain end of this
shaft has one or two arms upon which one or two bevel wheels have bearings,
the axes of which are at a right angle to the axis of the right and left handed
screw shaft, on which there are two equal bevels that face the bevels on the
arms and gear with them, these equal bevels are driven one from the face plate
spindle, and the other from the cutter traverse, as explained in reference to the
first modification.
This arrangement of bevel wheels being commonly termed "differential
gearing" or a "Jack in a box motion." When the facing bevels are driven
at equal speeds in opposite directions the right and left hand screw shaft remains
stationary, but when one facing bevel is driven faster than the other, the right
and left handed screw shaft rotates accordingly and thus the movable pulleys
are also traversed to and fro in agreement in opposite directions.
By a hand wheel on the end of the screw shaft, the movable pulleys may be
adjusted.
In order to stop the driving selfacting-there is or may be an automatic and
adjustable stop by making say the vertical shaft which is in gear with the shafts
for traversing the cutter, a screw shaft and placing a nut upon it which can
screw up and down it, this screw nut will change in position and correspond with
the position of the cutter when traversing across the face plate. This screw
nut is made to come against an adjustable stop at the point required upon a part

page_text: which acts through lever or other connections to allow a helical spring say on
the shaft having the pinion upon it that gears with the teeth on the face plate
to throw a clutch out of gear with the pinion which is loose on the shaft in
this case, and is only fast to it by the clutch, so that the driving stops at once.
The right and left handed screw shaft for actuating the movable pulleys may
if desired according to another modification be geared up directly with the screws
and shafts for actuating the cutter, so that the movable pulleys will move to and
fro between the two friction discs in agreement with the movements of the cutter
on the face plate to and from the axis of the face plate spindle.
In place of the screw nut stop arrangement last described connection is or may
be made with one of the forks actuating one of the movable pulleys between the
friction discs, and the movement thus obtained may be transmitted by a lever
or other mechanism to release the clutch and throw the driving wheel out of
gear when the machine is to stop automatically at a given point.
Dated this Sixth day of November 1896.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent
Improvements in Tools or Machines for Facing, Turning, Boring and
otherwise Cutting Flanges on Castings and for Operating upon
other Articles.
We, WILLIAM ALFRED PEARN and FRANK PEARN of Gorton, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Engineers, and EDWARD GREENWOOD WRIGLEY of
172 Rookery Road, Handsworth in the County of Stafford, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our improvements are made upon and combined with those for which Letters
Patent were granted to two of us the said William Alfred Pearn and Frank Pearn
No. 20498 of 1891, and the present improvements refer mainly to mechanism
to be combined with that described in the Complete Specification of the said
Letters Patent for causing the speed of the cut to keep uniform or nearly so,
whether the tool is cutting (as in facing flanges) in a small or large circle-in
other words, it refers namely to mechanism for causing the cutting tool to have
a slow speed of rotation for large diameters, and an increased speed for small
diameters, automatically.
There is a lathe bed and upright slideway from it, upon which there is a slide
moving vertically carrying the bearings of the face plate spindle or shaft, and
across the face plate, there is a slide carrying the cutting tool, which cross slide
for the tool is actuated by a screw, which is driven by bevel wheels from a shaft
in the hollow axis of the face plate spindle, which shaft is actuated by a shaft
and gearing from the face plate spindle, all of which parts being the same or
similar to those described in the said Complete Specification.
The fast and loose driving pulleys are upon a shaft in bearings in brackets on
the bed, the lengthway of this shaft being parallel to the lengthway of the lathe
bed, and this first motion shaft comes under and is parallel to the axes of the
friction discs hereinafter referred to-and this first motion shaft has one or two
pulleys upon it, and an endless belt passes from it over a pulley on a hollow
axis, which rotates on a stationary shaft carried in a suitable framing the axis
of this stationary shaft being midway between and parallel to the said friction

page_text: dises then the belt after passing over this pulley on the tubular axis descends to
the pulley on the first motion shaft under it, and then ascends again to and
over a corresponding pulley on a hollow axis on the said stationary shaft and
then returns again to the pulley on the first motion shaft.
It will thus be seen that this belt drives the two pulleys in opposite directions.
It has been said that each belt pulley is upon a hollow axis and upon each
of which there is a pulley that can slide to and fro, being connected therewith
by a key and key groove on the hollow shaft, so that these pulleys, the peripheries.
of which come between the faces of the friction discs can be moved to and from
the axes of the friction discs.
Each friction disc has a shaft on one side which is carried in a bearing in a
suitable bracket and the end of each shaft has a helical spring and adjusting
screw and anti-friction arrangement so that pressure may be put on the shaft
to force the face of each friction disc against both peripheries of the movable
pulleys to give the required driving adhesion.
The stationary shaft for the movable pulleys is tubular for a rud or shaft,
which extends to a support forming a bearing for its end which has two cam
surfaces, which when the rod or shaft is partly rotated, act upon the inner ends
of two rods guided in the support, the other outer ends of these rods coming in
and against the centres of the friction discs.
The outer end of the rod or shaft has a handle upon it by which it can be
partly rotated, and by this arrangement the friction dises can be simultaneously
pushed back against the action of the springs so as to be clear of the peripheries
of the movable pulleys to allow them to be adjusted when required. This rod
or shaft having the handle is also connected to a spiral or other spring (one
end secured to the framing, the other to the rod or shaft) which has power enough
to rotate the shaft when the friction dises have to be forced apart, and the hand
wheel is for rotating this rod or shaft against the action of this spiral spring
to allow the friction dises to be pressed by the springs against the edges of the
movable pulleys, and there is a catch to hold the rod or shaft to prevent the
spiral spring from acting except when required, which will be hereinafter
explained.
Both friction discs are connected by gearing with a shaft, one only need be
geared in some cases, but it is preferred that both be geared with the shaft,
which has its bearings in two links bereinafter referred to one end of the shaft
geared with the friction discs has a spur pinion upon it that gears with a spur
wheel on the back of the face plate or a wheel on the face plate spindle.
The two links are jointed at one end on parts concentric with the axis of the
face plate spindle and at the other end are jointed with an oscillating frame
concentric with the axis driven by the gear wheels on the friction discs, which
axis is carried in the frame which is jointed to and rocks on an axis concentric
with the axes of the friction discs.
This arrangement permits the vertical slide carrying the face plate spindle to
be moved up and down and to be kept in gear with the driving discs in every
position of the vertical slide. The movable pulleys have each a groove in their
bosses for a fork which is on a sliding rod in suitable bearings, and the rod has
a tooth rack upon it to gear with a small pinion which also gears with a similar
toothed rack on a rod sliding in suitable bearings which has the fork secured
to it for the other movable pulley. By this arrangement when one pulley is
moved one way, the other is moved simultaneously in the opposite direction,
thus bringing the movable pulleys nearer to or further from the axis of the
friction discs.
One of these fork rods is connected with the end of a screw shaft in such
manner as to permit the screw to rotate, but not move endways, except with the
har with which it is connected. This screw shaft passes through a screw nut
boss arranged to rotate in a bracket but not to move endways. This screw nut
has or may have a skew bevel upon it that gears with another in bearings in a

page_text: bracket in which it can rotate, but not move endways. This last named skew
bevel is upon a vertical shaft with which it is connected by a key and key groove,
the vertical shaft being in bearings at its upper end in the slide for the face
plate spindle, so that the vertical shaft moves up and down with it and through
the 'boss of the skew bevel.
The upper end of the vertical shaft is geared by bevels with the face plate
spindle. There is another vertical shaft arranged in like manner 'driven by
bevel wheels from the shaft driving that in the hollow of the face plate spindle,
which rotates the screw traversing the cutter across the slide in the face plate.
This last named vertical shaft drives by bevels, a wheel in a bearing in which
it can rotate, but not move endways, and this wheel is on the plain end of the
screw shaft connected with the forks that act upon the movable pulleys, and the
wheel is connected with the plain part of this shaft by a key and key groove so
that the shaft can slide to and fro.
The outer end of this shaft can also be rotated by a hand wheel for adjusting
purposes.
When the screw nut and the wheel on the plain part of the screw shaft are
rotated at the same speed, the screw does not move endways, therefore the movable
pulleys do not traverse but remain stationary as to end movement but if one
is driven faster than the other the screw moves endways one way or the o
accordingly.
otlièr
The screw can be made stationary "by putting certain wheels, driven from, the
fuce plate spindle into gear in place of others for giving feed, and the cutting
tool will then remain stationary as when required for turning the edge of a flange.
One of the rods connected with the toothed rack bars for changing the position
of the movable pulleys has a stop collar inclined on both sides which can be
adjusted as required to come against the latch hereinbefore referred to for
preventing the spiral spring from acting, this stop when the bar has moved to
the point required acting to lift or move and release the catch and allow the
spring to act to rotate the rod or sliaft and thus force. the friction discs,apart
and thus stop the driving.
The slide on the lathe bed carrying the article to be operated upon is self
acted when required by a screw shaft which comes to one end of the bed and
has speed pulleys secured upon it and receives rotary motion by a belt working on
other speed pulleys on the axis in the oscillating frame for the wheels receiving
rotary motion from the friction discs.
Fig. 1, is a front elevation of the machine.
Fig. 2, is a plan section through the bearings of the headstock spindle, and
the links or levers carrying the shaft transmitting rotary motion to the spur
wheel on the spindle.
111
Fig. 3, is a cross sectional elevation at the short shaft (which can be put
and out of gear by a clutch) for transmitting rotary motion to the screw which
moves the carriage on the bed.
Fig. 4, is a front elevation on an enlarged scale of the carriage which slides
vertically, that has the bearings in it for the spindle of the headstock-the spindle
and its bearings, the headstock and tool slide across the face plate, and the
bearings and shaft and gearing for transmitting rotary motion to the screw for
moving the slide across the face plate being shown in section.
This view also shows some of the mechanism connected with that for varying
the rotary speed of the headstock spindle.
Fig. 5, is a vertical sectional elevation of mechanism for transmitting rotary:
motion from the headstock spindle and from the shaft driving the shaft in its
axis to level wheels for actuating the screw which traverses the friction pulleys
between the friction discs in opposite directions to make these traversing pulleys
vary in position according to the position of the cutter on the face plate slide..
Fig. 6, is an end elevation on the same scale as Fig. 1, showing the mechanism
at the driving end of the machine for driving and varying the speed of the

page_text: headstock spindle, and the mechanism connected therewith according to the
diameter of the cut.
Fig. 7, is a plan view, the stand being shown in section, showing the toothed
rack bars which transmit motion to the forks moving the two friction pulleys in
opposite directions between the two friction discs:..
Fig. 8, is an enlarged end elevation, the stand from the bed and other parts
being. shown in section, the friction pulleys being also shown which work between
the friction dises, also the mechanism for actuating the forks for the friction
pulleys, one of the links or levers for carrying the shaft which transmits rotary
motion from the friction discs by spur wheels to the headstock spindle.
Fig. 9, is an enlarged sectional elevation in the plane of the axes of the friction
discs and connected mechanism.
a,
'
is the bed of the machine (see Fig. 1) carried on legs a¹. On the bed, an
upright stand 2, is secured (see Fig. 2) which has vertical slides a³, for, the
carriage b, in which bearings are formed for the headstock spindle c, (Fig. 4).
which has a spur wheel e', upon the face plate 2, which wheel is in gear with
a pinion 3, (see Fig. 2) on a shaft, having its bearings in a tube ³, extending
between and passing through holes in two links or levers and c.
One end of each link or lever is centred and can oscillate upon the boss of the
bushes and c, of the bearings for the headstock spindle c, at each end of it, the
other ends of these links or levers c and c, are centred and can oscillate on
the ends of a frame c, the arms cb, of which are centred and can oscillate upon
the bushes.c and ed, forming the bearings for shaft d, for the friction discs..
and , see Fig. 9.
A spur pinion d³, (see Fig. 9) on one end of the last named shaft d, gears with
a spur carrier wheel d, on a stud d, in one of the arms cb, of the frame c, which.
carrier gears with a spur wheel d", fast on the end of a shaft, having its,
bearings in the said frame c, the other end of this shaft, having a spur wheel,
upon it that gears with one, secured upon the end of the shaft c, (see Fig 2).
Thus arranged it will be seen (see Fig. 6) that rotary motion can be conveyed
from the friction discs and, to the headstock, spindle c, in whatever position.
the headstock is in upon its vertical slide, the headstock being adjusted up
and down to suit the article to be operated upon by the screw b, and hand
wheel 68, (see Figs. 1 and 6).
-
In Fig. 4, e, is the slide that can move in slideways across the face plate
this slide e, at one end has a boss e', with a hole in it to hold one end of a boring
bar when required, when the boss is opposite the axis of the headstock spindle c.
The other end of the slide e, is formed with a hole the axis of which is at a
right angle to the axis of the headstock spindle for a part e, which has a hole
through it for the cutter c, the part e, having a screw nut c, at one end to
draw and hold the cutter against the side of the hole for it in the slide e. The
slide e has a projection, going into the hollow of the face plate which is screw
tapped for a screw e, in bearings across the hollow of the face plate. One end
of this screw comes into a bearing for it at one side of the face plate and the
other end is in a bearing in the other side of the face plate against an end step e,
which can be adjusted by a screw e³, screwed into the screw tapped end of the
hole forming the bearing for that end of the screw shaft .
On this shaft there is a bevel wheel e, secured, that gears with one.e, secured.
on the end of the shaft eb, in the hollow axis of the headstock spindle c, the
face plate, being screwed on to the end of the headstock spindle c.
The bearings for the headstock spindle are the bushes and c, and end play
in the spindle removed by screw check nuts and washers as shown (see Fig. 4).
On the headstock spindle c, three spur wheels f, f' and f, of different diameters
are secured, and also a worm wheel 3, hereinafter referred to, the three spur
wheels each gear with a corresponding spur wheel g', and g³, loose on the axis
of, a tubular shaft g, in bearings in the headstock carriage so that whichever,

page_text: one of the three loose spur wheels g', or g³, is made fast to the tubular shaft g,
drives it and the other loose spur wheels not made fast run idle.
In the hollow of the tubular shaft g, there is a rod g, one end of which comes
to one end of the shaft g, to give hold to move the rod g, in and out. This
rod, at its inner end has a hole or slot across it for a key, the ends of which
pass freely through a slot in the lengthway of the hollow shaft g, and the ends.
of this key g, can come into corresponding slots or key grooves formed in the
bosses of either of the three spur wheels g', g³ or g³.
The solid end of the tubular shaft g, works in a tube or bush bearing g', fixed
in the headstock carriage, and at the outer or solid end of the shaft g, a spur
wheel g, is placed loose on the shaft g, but so that it can be secured to move
with the shaft by a disc g8, which can slide on a key on the shaft, when the
disc is forced by screw nuts on the end of the shaft against the disc face of the
wheel g', loose on the shaft. This wheel g', gears with a spur wheel e, fast on
the end of the shaft e, in the axis of the headstock spindle e. By this arrange-
ment various traversing speeds may be given as desired to the cutter e, across
the face plate ².
On the tubular shaft g, there is also a worm wheel g, (a many threaded coarse
pitched worm commonly termed tangent wheels) that gears (see Fig. 5) with a
corresponding wheel, the boss of which is in a bearing in a part from the
headstock earringo, this worm wheel being prevented from moving in the line
of its axis by a screw nut upon its boss as shown. The worm wheel g", can slide
upon a vertical shaft gb, being connected therewith by a key and key groove.
The lower end of this vertical shaft gb, is in bearings in a bracket or pro-
jection a, from the bed of the machine so that it cannot move up or down, and
at its lower end a bevel wheel ge, is secured, that gears with one g, secured on
a tube go, this tube being in bearings in the said projection a, and upon its
exterior end a hand wheel g', is secured for rotating it for changing and adjusting
purposes.
Within this tube or sleeve g°, a shaft h, screws, which is connected by a key
and key groove to rotate with it and movie endways.
This shaft h, also passes through the hoss of another bevel wheel j, which is
in bearings in the said bracket at, so as not to move endways. The screw
shaft h, screws through the boss of this bevel wheel j, which gears with one j',
on the lower end of another vertical shaft, which has its lower hearing in the
said projection or bracket at.
The upper part of this shaft 3, slides through bearings in the carriage b, for
the headstock spindle, and through a hole in the axis of the boss of a worm
wheel, (similar to g and y) which is held from moving endways by projec-
tions from the carriage, the vertical shaft, and worm wheel 3, being connected
by a key and key groove.
The worm wheel 3, gears with a corresponding worm f³, on the exterior of the
headstock spindle c.
The end of the screw shaft h, is connected with a part , so as to rotate but
not to move endways therein (see also Fig. 7).
This part h', is the boss part of the arm h, secured to one end of a toothed
rack h, which can slide at one end in a bearing in a bracket as, from the bed,
and at the other end in a bearing in the stand 2, (see Figs. 7 and 8).
The toothed rack 4, gears with a spur pinion 4, secured on the end of a
vertical shaft 4, free in bearings in the bracket as, (see Figs. 7 and 9) and the
spur pinion A, also gears with another toothed rack A, (see Fig. 7) also arranged
to slide in bearings same as the other toothed rack h. Thus arranged when
the first named toothed rack bar h, is moved one way, the other h³, is simul-
taneously moved in the opposite direction.
The arrangement of mechanism shown in Fig. 5, is for the purpose of giving
the required movement to the rack bar A, according to the position of the cutter e
on the headstock face plate. When the screw shaft h, rotated by the sleeve g",

page_text: and screw wheel j, have the same rotation the screw shaft h, will be stationary
as to end movement (as when the tool is cutting cylindrical work) but when one
is in excess of the other, the screw shaft h, will move endways one way or the
other accordingly, depending upon whether the tool is cutting from or towards
the axis of the spindle c.
When the machine is stopped the screw shaft h, can be rotated by the hand
wheel g, to adjust the cutter e, on the face plate and the position of the friction
pulleys between the friction díses d and d
The first motion driving shaft k, is in bearings in brackets secured to the foot
carrying the bed, see Figs. 1 and G.
k, is the driving belt pulley upon its end and there are also two larger belt
pulleys and 3, upon it for a belt 4, which passes from one large pulley 1,
up to another pulley, (hereinafter referred to) then down and under the other
large belt pulley, under it and up to another pulley 4, over this and then
down to the first named large pulley, on the shaft
The smaller pulleys and, are thus driven in opposite directions (see
Figs. 1 and 6).
The small pulleys are those shown best in Fig. 8, and they each have long
bosses and rotate each on a stationary shaft k, and k.
Each shaft at its outer end is in a bearing, one in the stand and the other in
a projection from the bracket as, the inner ends of the shafts and 8, are screwed
in a part embracing the axis d, of the friction dises and resting upon the
upper end of the vertical shaft *, (see Fig. 8).
L
The long boss of each pulley & and , has a pulley, fitted to slide upon it,
the two pulleys being each connected by a key in the pulley and key groove
in the long boss. These pulleys have their peripheries formed by washers of leather
or similar material and they come between and drive the two friction discs d'
and d, (see Fig. 9).
The bosses of these friction pulleys , have each a clutch groove for an arm A,
one of which is secured to one toothed rack 2, and the other to the other toothed
rack rod 7, which consequently move the friction pulleys simultaneously in
opposite directions between the two friction discs.
The arrangement of these friction discs is best shown by Fig. 9.
They are on the shaft d, which at its enlarged end has bearings in a tube or
bush e, fitting into a hole in the stand.
The smaller end of the shaft d, is in a bush d, in the bush -the bush d",
can slide endways therein.
The outer ends of the outer bushes c° and ed, as before stated form the centres
upon which arms cb, of the frame c", oscillate.
One disc d, has a long boss and is connected with the shaft d, by a key and
key groove so as to be free to move endways on the shaft d, slightly.
The other disc d, has also a long boss and can rotate on the shaft d.
There is a shoulder on this shaft d, and two discs or washers one of them do,
comes against the shoulder on the shaft d, and between it and the other washer dd,
there are small anti-friction balls.
This last named washer da, comes against the end of the boss of the disc d'.
On the other or small end of the shaft i, there is a helical spring do, one end
of which comes against the bush or tube d, and the other ent against lock
nuts d', screwed on the shaft d, and the action of this spring d, is to force one
disc d, against the edges of the two friction pulleys a, on one side and draw
the other disc d', against the edges of the friction pulleys on the other side of their
axes.
The enlarged end of the shaft d, has a spur pinion P, secured upon it which
gears with one, on a stud as hereinbefore explained. The friction disc d',
has a spur wheel d, formed or secured on its boss that gears with one d', on a
short shaft d, in bearings on the frame e, which short shaft has a wheel d
secured upon it that gears with the intermediate wheel d', so that both discs act

page_text: to drive the latter in the.. same direction, see peculiar dotted circles Figs. G
and 8.
1. "
The smaller end of the shaft d, has "speed" pulleys 1, secured upon it as
best shown in Fig. 9, from which pulleys by a belt l', motion is given to similar
pulleys, on a shaft, 13, having a worm upon it for driving the wheel on a
cross shaft, having its bearings in the bed a, this shaft having a worin or
tangent wheel 1, for driving a similar wheel 18, on the screw (see Fig. 3), for
self-acting the carriage m, sliding on the bed a, see Figs. 1, 3 and 6:
The shaft 19, can be rotated by the hand wheel ", which may be fast on-the
shaft 16, the wheel, being loose thereon, but can be connected therewith by
the clutch, sliding on a key upon it when the carriage. m, is to be selfacted.
One of the stationary shafts 8, for the friction pulleys ", may either be made
solid and to oscillate on its axis, or it may be tubular and fixed as shown in
Fig. 8, and in its hollow there may be a shaft n, the inner end n', of which is
flattened on opposite sides or made oval, see dotted figure in Fig. 9, to come into
the space between the two loose collars d, on the shaft d, see Figs. 9. and: 8...
When the shaft n, is in one position the flats on its inner end are clear of the
loose collars d', and allow the friction discs and d, to be pushed or drawn
towards each other by the helical spring de, but when the shaft n, is oscillated its
inner end n¹, acts as a cam on each loose collar , and forces the friction discs
apart and clear of the friction pulleys k, and thus stops the driving of the head-
stock spindle c.
The outer end of this oscillating shaft n, has its bearings in the bracket from
the projection a; and a handle n³, is secured upon it, by which it can be oscil-
lated (see Figs 1, 4 and 6).
7.
This shaft n, has a finger n, secured to it and to this finger one end of a
strong helical spring n', is secured, the other end being secured in the bracket
forming the bearing for the outer end of the shaft n.
This spring, is wound up so that when at liberty it will oscillate the shaft n,
and have power enough to force the friction discs apart as above explained.
The spring can be wound up to prevent it acting upon the friction discs by
the handle n, and when in such position the point of one arm n5, of a three
armed lever (one arm being the handle ) on a stud n', in the bracket at, comes
in the way of the finger n, and thus prevents the shaft n, from oscillating and
forcing the friction discs apart The other arm n8, of the three armed lever is
bevelled so that when a bevelled part n, comes against it (as hereinafter explained)
the finger 3, is released, and the spring n, is allowed to act to separate the
friction discs from the friction pulleys. From one of the toothed rack bars h5,
Fig. 6, there is an extension to the front, the cross section of which may be as
shown in Fig. 4. It fits and slides freely in projection a6, from the stand a*,
see Fig. 4.
A part no, having the bevels upon its upper face to act upon those bevels on
the end of arm n8, of the three armed lever, is arranged to grasp this double
V bar 75, this part no, having a slit in the lengthway of the bar to give a little
elasticity by which when the part is adjusted it may be clamped by a set screw n",
screwing into it (see Fig. 4).
This part can be adjusted to come in contact with and release the three, armed
trigger lever either when going inwards or outwards at any point as desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. The combination of friction discs and friction' pulleys and mechanism for
actuating and varying the position of the friction pulleys between the friction
discs, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated
by the drawings.

page_text: 2. The combination of the mechanism illustrated more particularly by Fig. 5
of the drawings substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
3. The combination and arrangement of the mechanism substantially as and
for the purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings."
Dated this Fourth day of September 1897.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.