IN STEAM GENERATORS AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1861

page_text: IN STEAM GENERATORS AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME."-A communication
from abroad by Alexandre Friedmann and Frederic Emile de Erlanger,
both of Paris, France.
Sealed the 29th April 1862, and dated the 5th November 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th November 1861.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME," (com-
municated to me from abroad by Alexandre Friedmann and Frederic Emile de
Erlanger, both of Paris, France) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in fitting in fire-boxes or furnaces of locomotive,
marine, and other steam boilers, an arched or dome-shaped water vessel, com-
municating with the boiler for its supply of water through pipes entering the
bottom or lower part of the vessel, and with the steam space in the boiler
through serpentine pipes carried from the top or upper part of the vessel. The
Invention also consists in forming an air passage outside the fire-box or furnace,

page_text: and in regulating the admission of air by means of a valve or valves, and causing
it to enter both under and through the fire bars and fuel and over the fire.
By preference the fire bars are formed in two sections; one, that upon which
the fuel is received, is fixed, and the other is free to be moved by a weighted
lever upon an axis upon which it is pivotted. The furnace door is fixed in
the upper part of the casing, which forms part of the air passage in which a
valve is placed to prevent any portion of the fuel entering and choking it up.
In some cases pipes traverse.the crown or dome of the water vessel, and are
wholly or partially opened or closed as required by a register plate worked by
a handle extending outside the furnace..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th May 1862.
W bu
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,
Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and,successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS AND IN FURNACES FOR THE SAME," (a com-
munication from abroad by Alexandre Friedmann and Frederic Emile de
Erlanger, both of Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and, seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imine-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in fitting in" fire-boxes or furnaces of locomotive,
marine, and other steam boilers,, an arched or dome-shaped water vessel,
communicating with the boiler for its supply of water through pipes entering
the bottom or lower part of the vessel, and with the steam space in the boiler
through serpentine pipes carried from the top or upper part of the vessel.
The Invention also consists in forming an air passage outside the fire-box or
furnace, and in regulating the admission of air by means of a valve or valves,
and causing it to enter both under and through the fire-bars and fuel, and
over the fire. By preference the fire-bars are formed in two sections; one,
that upon which the fuel is received, is fixed, and the other is free to be moved
by a weighted lever upon an axis upon which it is pivotted. The furnace
door is fixed in the upper part of the casing which forms part of the air
passage, in which a valve is placed to prevent any portion of the fuel entering
and choking it. In some cases pipes traverse the crown or dome of the water
vessel, and are wholly or partially opened or closed as required by a register
plate worked by a handle extending outside the furnace.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a longitudinal section of the
fire-box of a locomotive showing the Invention applied thereto; Figure 2 is a
horizontal section of the back part of the generator at two different levels,
A, B, and C, D; Figure 3 is a vertical section through the line E, F, of
Figure 1; Figure 4 is an end view of the fire-box; Figure 5. is a section of
a portion of the water vessel and of the side of the fire-box in a somewhat
modified form; Figure 6 is an end view of the same; Figure 7 is an end
view showing another modification with an aperture formed in the side of the
fire-box.
a is the water vessel, which may be made of copper or other suitable
material corresponding in shape with the internal contour of the fire-box.
The water from the boiler circulates through the vessel a, which as shown in
the Drawing is by preference dome-shaped, and to increase its heating surface,
it may be made tubular by passing pipes b, b, through it. To introduce the
vessel a into the fire-box, an opening d, of the shape indicated by the blue ink
line, Figure 8, is made. The vessel a is then introduced at the bottom, where
it is supported by a cross bar, and fixed inside the fire-box by bands or stays
ff, and holdfasts or bolts and nuts, Figure 4. To effect a communication

page_text: between the top and bottom of the generator and the water vessel a, there are
two connections g, h, from the lower 9 of which the tube g¹ is a branch, and
from the upper h of which the tube h¹ is a branch. By thus arranging the
tubes outside the fire-box, the water vessel a is at bottom in communication
with the water in the generator, and at top with the steam space. The upper
joint his furnished with a stopper i,which may be temporarily removed to
allow of the water vessel being cleaned; ',, are other stoppers lower down
for a similar purpose; j is a tap and pipe for blowing off by means of the
pressure of the steam in the boiler; % is a door covering the opening 1, through
which fuel is introduced. The doors k, k¹, being placed between the water
vessel and the opening d, in the fire-box c, afford a means for viewing the
plate c', see Figure 4; m is an air passage at the side of the fire-box c, which
opens opposite the orifice l, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4; it is provided
with a valve n to regulate the admission of air and intercept it if necessary!
The current of air, more or less powerful in the passage m, according to the
speed at which the locomotive is travelling, may be directed upwards, down-
wards, or in any other direction, either into the opening above the fire, or to
increase combustion below the grate. The fire-place is formed in two parts,
one part o is stationary while the other part.ol is movable, about the pointip;.
so as to be able to set it at an incline for the purpose of. cleaning, and this is
effected by means of a lever q, and counterweight q', which is within reach
of and under the control of the stoker; r is the ash-pit. The arrangement
of the water space and the opening to the fire-box may be modified in their
construction; as an example, Figures 5 and 6 show an arrangement wherein
the double vertical side in Figures 1 and 2 is replaced by a plate s¹; d¹ is an
opening formed in the fire-box and of the shape indicated by the blue lines in
Figure 6. Two supply pipes 9, 9, each provided with stoppers corresponding
with the lower tube of Figures 1 and 2, effect a communication between the
water in the space a and that in the boiler.
Another modification is shown at Figure 7, the vertical sides of the water
space is placed, as it were, at the side of the fire-box; the aperture formed in
the side is of the shape indicated at by the blue lines. In the construction'
of new locomotives according to this Invention, the arrangement shown at
u, v, Figures 1 and 2, or that shown at t, Figure 5, is preferred. On fuel
being introduced through the door k, it extends over the whole surface of the
grate, at the top and bottom of which air enters. In locomotives the current
passage m, and its force is
of air at the top of the grate is increased by the
regulated by the speed at which the locomotive is travelling.. Supposing the
furnace in action, the fuel directly on the grate will be in brisk combustion.

page_text: while the successive layers of fuel above are only heated by contact and
radiation from the incandescent fuel below. Within a certain zone towards
the centre of the fire the heat will be strong enough to produce the distillation
of fresh layers of fuel; the products of the distillation meeting with as much
resistance to their escape at the top as well as the bottom, will follow the
draught or current of air towards the fire-box, and passing through the incan-
descent fuel become consumed. This description of furnace is smoke con-
suming, and allows of coal being employed instead of coke. The freshly
supplied fuel becomes heated before coming in contact with the incandescent
fuel, and the coal is distilled without becoming too much agglomerated, and only
enters into full combustion after its transformation into coke. The products
of distillation in escaping traverse the incandescent mass, and becoming mixed
with heated air following the same course become completely consumed.
During the charging of the furnace no air enters, consequently the tempera-
ture is evenly maintained, the vaporization is constant, and the boiler is not
subjected to sudden expansions and contractions.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as the "Improve-
ments in Steam Generators-and in Furnaces for the same,"
First, the employment in fire-boxes or furnaces of locomotive, marine, and
other steam boilers, of an arched or dome-shaped water vessel in communi-
cation with the boiler by pipes, substantially in manner and for the purposes
herein-before described, and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, the employment in locomotives of a pipe or tube for the reception
of atmospheric air during the motion of the engine, in order to increase
combustion, as herein-before described.
Third, regulating the combustion in furnaces by means of the blast pipe, as
herein-before described.
Fourth, the general construction and arrangement of furnaces herein-before
described, and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of May, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.