A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING BRUSHES
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Thurston Culmer, of Hornsey Road, in
the County of Middlesex, of the Firm of W. Culmer and Sons,
Painting Brush Manufacturers, for the Invention of "A NEW OR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Thurston
Culmer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 23rd March 1870.
I, William THURSTON CULMER, of Hornsey Road, in the County
of Middlesex, of the Firm of W. Culmer and Sons, Painting Brush
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED MODE OF MANUFACTURING BRUSHES," to be as follows:
This Invention consists of a new or improved mode of fixing and
securing the bristles, hairs, or other fibre to the heads or handles of
painting and other brushes by means of a solid metal dovetail cup of a
circular, oval, or other form, and driving cone or wedge of corre-
sponding shape.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Thurston Culmer in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd September 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
THURSTON CULMER, of Hornsey Road, in the County of Middlesex, of
the Firm of W. Culmer and Sons, Painting Brush Manufacturers, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Thurston Culmer, Ier special licence
that I, the said William Thurston Culmer, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Thurston Culmer, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A New or Improved
MODE OF MANUFACTURING BRUSHES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said William Thurston Culmer, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Thurston Culmer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of brushes such as are used
by painters (painters' and other similar brushes), and consists of an
improved mode or modes of fixing and securing the bristles, hairs, or
other fibre or fibres to the handles or heads. The object is to dispense
with the loose block and the twine and wire bindings and metal bands
as hitherto used.

page_text: I effect this object by means of a solid metal conical or dovetail cup
of a circular, oval, or other form, and a plug or wedge of corresponding
section, and fix and secure the roots of the bristles, hairs, and other
fibre or fibres firmly in the cup by driving or forcing the solid conc,
plug, or wedge into the hollow cone or cup, and thereby compressing the
roots of the bristles, &c. between the outer surface of the solid conc,
plug, or wedge and the inner surface of the hollow cone or cup, and for
obtaining greater holding power I form grooves or indentations in the
inner surface of the latter, or I wind a piece of wire or other suitable
material (giving it two or three turns) round that portion of the bristles,
&c. to be inserted in the cup before placing them therein; or I simply
tic them together and dip the roots in or coat or cover them with any
suitable liquid cement, and then drive or force the plug or wedge into or
through the bristles in the metal cup and into the but end of the handle,
which is fitted into a flanged opening formed in the bottom of the cup,
or the handle itself may be driven through the bristles and cup, or be
turned or formed with the fixing cone or plug in one piece, and a
separate plug or wedge be thus dispensed with.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Thurston Culmer, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Twenty-third day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy.