Improvements in connection with Explosion Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in connection with Explosion Engines.
I, NARCISSE ALEXANDRE GUILLAUME, of No. 15, Rue du Louvre, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
The object of this invention is to provide in connection with explosion engines,
apparatus or means for producing an explosive mixture of air and gas in
which the proportions of air and gas will be the same whatever be the volume
of mixture drawn into the engine. The apparatus according to this invention
consists essentially of a dome, dipping into a bath of mercury or other suitable
material to form a seal the said dome being divided into two compartments one
for the reception of air and the other for the reception of gas. The respective
capacities of these compartments should be proportionate, to the volume of air
and gas to be mixed irrespective of the height to which the dome rises in the
mercury bath or like seal. The compartments are of equal height and con-
sequently this condition will be fulfilled if the horizontal areas of the com-
partments be such that the ratio between them is the same as that between the
volumes of air and gas to be mixed.
The invention will be clearly understood by reference to the accompanying
drawings which illustrate an apparatus constructed according to this inven-
tion.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section on line A B C D Fig. 3;
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the linc E, F, Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a vertical section on G, H, Fig. 1; and
Fig. 4 is a compound section, the left hand half being taken on the line I, J,
and the right hand half on the line K, L, Fig. 1.
The apparatus consists of three chambers a, b, c arranged side by side and
surrounded by an outer casing d. Between this outer casing and the exterior
walls of the chambers a, b, c, and also between the adjacent walls of the said
chambers, a space e is left, the said space extending downwards from the top of
the chambers to any suitable distance and of sufficient width to contain a bath
of mercury or other suitable material to form a seal to a dome f. The said
dome f is divided into three compartments g, h and i the compartments h and i
being in communication with each other by a channel j, preferably of semi-
circular section, fixed on the top of the said dome. The compartments h and i
constitute a single chamber although it is shewn divided into two chambers for
convenience the same applies to the chambers a and c.
The chamber a and the compartments h and i are intended for the reception
of air: while the chamber b and the compartment are for the reception of
gas. The compartments g and h of the donie communicate with the chambers b
and a respectively through apertures provided with valves m and n.
These

page_text: valves are connected to, and their movement controlled by, a spindle k or link
operated by the motor or engine.
.
Projecting from the sides of the casing and from the dome f are eyes o
and prespectively through which pass rods y carried in brackets or lugs o¹ on
the lower end of the outer casing d. Surrounding the rods g between the eyes o
and p are helical springs r the power of which are adjustable by means of screw
nuts pl, the object of these springs being to raise the dome to its proper height
after it has been caused to descend.
:
Air enters the chamber a through a conduit pipes (Fig. 2), and passes by
the valve n into the compartment of the domef thence through the passage j
into the compartment i and therefrom through the vertical channel forming
part of but separated from the chamber c, to'the engine. The gas enters the
chamber b through the conduit pipe u and passes by the valve m into the com-
partment of the dome and therefrom through the vertical conduit pipe to
the engine.
The respective capacities of the compartments in the dome should be in pro-
portion the same as that which exist between the volume of air and gas used to
form the mixture. These compartments g, h, and i rise to the same height above
the chambers a, b, and c, therefore it is only necessary, in order to ensure the
desired relation between their respective capacities, that the horizontal areas
of the gas compartment and of the air compartments h and i combined should
be proportional to the volumes of gas and of air respectively to form the mixture,
and inasmuch as all the compartments g, h and i move at the same time and for
the same distance, this proportion will be maintained whatever the height of
the dome above the chambers..
The operation of the device as applied, for example, to a four-cycle engine
or motor, is as follows:
Let it be supposed that the dome compartments h and i are filled with gas,
and that suction is about to be exercised by the engine. During suction the
valves m and n are closed and air is drawn in to the cylinder of the engine
through the pipe t, and gas is drawn into the said cylinder through the pipe v.
The pressure of the air and gas in the compartments "decreases while atmospheric
pressure acting upon the top of the dome ƒ causes such dome to descend, the
springs being compressed in the act.
g"
During the three phases of operation which follow suction, the valves m and n
continue open. The springs r expand and the dome f rises. The gas from
the chamber 6 fills the compartment and air from the chamber a passes into
the combined compartments h and i until the dome .has moved upwards as far
as it can go, by which time suction is again about to commence, the spindle k
closes the valves m and n, and a fresh cycle of operations as before takes place.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In connection with explosion engines means or apparatus whereby an
explosive mixture of air and gas in unvarying proportions is obtained for use
in the engine the said apparatus comprising a dome dipping into a bath of
mercury or other suitable material to form a seal the said dome being divided
into two compartments one for gas and one for air the said compartments being
of relative capacity one to the other in the same ratio, as the relative proportions
of the volumes of gas and air to be mixed, and the dome being caused to descend
by suction to supply the engine with the air and gas in unvarying proportions,
substantially as described.
+
'
2. Apparatus for the purpose described consisting of a dome dipping into a
bath of mercury or other suitable material to form a seal, the said dome being
divided into two compartments such as g and h the compartment a communi
cating with a gas chamber such as 6 and the compartment h communicating with

page_text: an air chamber such as a the said dome being caused by suction to descend as
gas and air are drawn into the engine and afterwards caused by springs to rise
to receive a fresh charge of air and gas substantially as described.
3. The combination of parts constituting means or apparatus for supplying
explosion engines with an explosive mixture of air and gas the proportions of
which will be always the same whatever be the volume of mixture drawn into the
engine substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
1
0041
Narambar 1800
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agents.