IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DYEING YARN AND TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Chadwick and John Harry Mather, both of Spring
Brook Works, Chadderton, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DYEING YARN
AND TEXTILE FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Chadwick and John
Harry Mather at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th
October 1880.
JAMES CHADWICK and JOHN HARRY MATHER, both of Spring Brook Works,
Chadderton, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR DYEING YARN AND TEXTILE FABRICS."
Our Invention consists in the application of steam to fix the colours on piece
goods and yarns while in the wet stage (when the necessary mordants and colouring
matters have been supplied by a padding machine or otherwise) in the following
manner: The piece goods intended to be dyed plain shades, or the yarns to be
dyed self colours, are passed through what is commonly called a padding machine,
which is supplied with the necessary mordants and colouring matters to secure the
shade of colour desired; thence through a box or chamber in which are rollers to
convey the said cloth or yarn evenly from its entrance to its exit, and between
each or any pair of rollers, at a suitable distance, are fixed perforated pipes through
which steam is admitted, which gives the necessary heat and conditions to the
cloth or yarn in its passage through the box or chamber, and thus effectively fixes
the mordants and colouring matters supplied by the padding machine or otherwise,
and secures a uniform and perfectly dyed colour; the cloth or yarn then passes
through a water box and water mangle, and is batched or plaited down for drying.
We thus secure at one operation, and in a few minutes, what by the old and
slow jigger process would require hours to effect.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Chadwick and John Harry Mather in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 13th April 1881.
JAMES CHADWICK and JOHN HARRY MATHER, both of Spring Brook Works,
Chadderton, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF
AND APPARATUS FOR DYEING YARN AND TEXTILE FABRICS."
Our Invention consists in the application of steam to fix the colors in piece
goods and yarns while in the wet stage (when the necessary mordants and coloring
matters have been supplied by a padding machine or otherwise) in the following
manner-
The piece goods intended to be dyed plain shades, or the yarns to be dyed self
colors, are passed through what is commonly called a padding machine, or through
a vessel which is supplied with the necessary mordants and coloring matters to
secure the shades of color desired; thence through a box or chamber in which are
rollers to convey the said cloth or yarn evenly from its entrance to its exit, and
between each or any pair of rollers, at a suitable distance, are fixed perforated
pipes through which steam is admitted, which gives the necessary heat and
conditions to the cloth or yarn in its passage through the box or chamber, and
thus effectively fixes the mordants and coloring matters supplied by the padding
machine or otherwise, and secures a uniform and perfectly dyed color.
The cloth or yarn then passes through a water box and water mangle, and is
batched or plaited down for drying.
We thus secure at one operation, and in a few minutes, what by the old and
slow jigger process would require hours to effect.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, we will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the Figures and letters marked thereon.
The Drawing is a representation in section of the apparatus employed by us in
performing our Invention. a is the vessel containing the dyeing materials, and b
is the fabric or yarn under operation. The fabric passes through the dyeing
materials over and under guide rollers and between the squeezing rollers c, to
ensure suitable saturation. It then enters the chamber d while in the wet stage,
and passes over and under guide rollers e. Near the lower row of guide rollers we
place steam pipes f, extending from one side of the chamber to the other, and these
pipes are perforated, so that when steam is admitted into them it is forcibly
ejected against the fabric or yarn passing over the rollers e. The blasts of steam
thus impelled against the fabric act upon the coloring matters and mordants, and
afford the necessary heat and conditions to cause them to dye the cloth or yarn
uniformly in shade and at the same time fix the color.
The fabric is drawn through the chamber d by the rollers g, and then passed
through a water box h, after leaving which it may be mangled and batched or plaited
down for drying.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner of
'performing the same, we wish it to be understood that we do not intend to limit
ourselves to the precise details herein described or delineated, neither do we claim
the use of a steaming chamber for steaming fabrics already dyed, printed, or fixed,
but what we believe to be novel and original, and claim as the Invention secured
to us by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
Submitting yarns or textile fabrics to the action of blasts of steam while the

page_text: yarn or fabric is in the wet stage when saturated with the necessary coloring
matters and mordants, substantially as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Chadwick, for myself and on behalf of
the said John Harry Mather, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this
Eleventh day of April, One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
JAMES CHADWICK