An Improved Machine for Automatically Chopping or Cutting Candied Sugar, Bonbons, or the like, into desired Lengths.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1895-Accepted, 18th May, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Automatically Chopping or Cutting
Candied Sugar, Bonbons, or the like, into desired Lengths.
I Gustav StofF, of No. 100 Brunenstrasse, Berlin, N., Germany, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to an improved machine for chopping or cutting rock or
candied sugar, bonbons, and such like articles of sugar.
The improved machine is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 is a front elevation, Fig. 2 is a side elevation with a portion of the
machine removed to show some of the interior parts, and Fig. 3 is a sectional plan
showing the operative part of the machine.
A rod of sugar candy z, or other like article is shown in the drawings as passing
between two feed rollers g, g, (of suitable section) for the purpose of being chopped
to suitable lengths. A crank handle is connected to the driving shaft for the
purpose of driving the spur wheel a, secured to the shaft, and the wheel b engaging
with a.
Two bevel wheels d, d, are driven by the wheel b, and the vertical shaft
on which one of the bevel wheels d is mounted carries also a small cog wheel e (as
shown in Fig. 2), and this gears into a similar wheel e (shown in Fig. 1) mounted
upon another vertical shaft arranged parallel with the first one. Each of these
two vertical shafts, at the lower extremity, is forined as a squared spindle m, on
which two cutting rollers are mounted, and the rod z is arranged to pass between
the cutting rollers as shown in Fig. 3.
Upon the main driving shaft of the wheel a is mounted the lower feed roller g
(made of india rubber), and a pinion wheel f. This pinion engages with the teeth
of an upper pinion f mounted on a shaft working in a pivoted bearing h, so arranged
that at the centre of width of the upper pinion the pitch diameter of its teeth
always coincides with the pitch diameter of the lower pinion f on the driving shaft,
as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1. The adjustment of the pivotal bearing h
is effected by raising or lowering the barrel arbor i by means of a screw shown in
Fig. 1 as passing through a nut boss cast in the frame of the machine. The barrel
arbor i acts as a guide for the pressing bolt which embraces the bolt connected to
the pivotal bearing h, as shown in Fig. 3. The shaft working in the pivotal
bearing is connected to the upper feed roller g by an articulated coupling n, as
shown in Figs. 1 and 3, in order to transmit motion to the upper feed roller
is carried by a vertical spindle and fork o. The forked spindle o works in two
bearings connected to the nut of the barrel arbor i.
which
In operating the machine, the upper feed roller g is adjusted by the screw
actuating the barrel arbor i, to suit the thickness of the sugar rod z, so as to feed
the latter in a continuous manner between the rotating cutting rollers m, m, so that
equal lengths of the sugar rod are cut off automatically as it is fed to the cutters.
Any variation in the thickness of the rod z, is met by the automatic adjustment of
the barrel arbori by the spring therein (as shown in Fig. 1) acting upon the upper
feed roller g through the intervention of the pressing bolt and pivoted bearing h.
The cutters upon the cutting rollers m, m, are arranged tangentially upon the
rollers, which are placed exactly opposite each other, and the velocity of the cutter
blades is greater at their circumference than that of the feeding rollers g, g.
Consequently, the pieces of the sugar rod are cut off in shorter lengths than the

page_text: distance due to the pitch of the cutters, so that there is sufficient clearance space
between adjoining cutters.
By the form and arrangement of the cutter blades, (m), and the ratio of their
velocity to that of the feed rollers g, the cutters are enabled to automatically
strike and penetrate the sugar rod with a chopping blow during a small portion of
their revolution; and to clear away the cut pieces from the front of the advancing
rod z.
Longer or shorter pieces are obtained by varying the number of the
cutters, and change cutting rollers are easily mounted on the squared spindle m and
kept in position by the wing nuts shown in Fig. 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
--
1. An improved machine for automatically chopping or cutting candied sugar,
bonbons, or similar substances into desired lengths, having feed rollers, adapted to
rotate and feed the material at a desired velocity, combined with cutting rollers
adapted to rotate at a higher velocity, substantially as and for the purpose herein
shown and described.
2. In a machine for automatically chopping or cutting candied sugar, bonbons,
or the like into desired lengths, a pair of cutting rollers each having cutters
arranged tangentially, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and
.described.
3. In a machine for automatically chopping or cutting candied sugar, bonbons,
or the like into desired lengths, the combination of a feed roller mounted upon a
shaft working in stationary bearings with an adjustable feed roller working in a
pivotal bearing capable of being adjusted to suit the thickness of the material,
à barrel arbor and spring acting upon the pivotal bearing by a pressing bolt, an
articulated coupling adapted to transmit motion to the adjustable feed roller, and
means for driving the said feed rolls, substantially as and for the purpose herein
-shown and described.
Dated this 21st day of March 1895.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
433, Strand, London, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: If the machine is stopped in coming down backward, a.applies itself or n" and
forms an automatic brake.
In order to avoid jolting which might cause undue agitation of the water in the
boiler the front and back axles are furnished with guard plates y (Figs. 1 and 3)
which are packed with cushions of india-rubber, and a similar cushion or spring is
fixed under the guiding-socket.
Another cushion y" is placed in the suspension attachment of the boiler. The
saddle is also an india-rubber bag inflated with air enclosed.in.a net of thread.
The knee lever P effects the change of speed.
The knee lever J1 regulates. the travel of the pump.
The pedal R manipulated horizontally by the 'heel, opens and closes the
tap b
The taps & have the form of Corliss valves and close by spring action.
The small cylinder a is furnished with a valve al for allowing the water to
escape (shewn in Fig. 6).
The pedal Q depressed in front works the top 6'; when depressed behind by the
foot or by spring it tightens the brake m.
The orifices 3, 3, 311 (Figs. 4, 5), denote the respective steam inlets of the
cylinders c, a,
b.
The orifices 1, 2, 4; 11, 21, 41; 11, 21, 311; serve as inlets and exits of the steam
when passing from cylinder to cylinder.
The pedal D when depressed in front works the hydrocarbon injector.G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) In a steam motor for terrestrial aquatic or aerial vehicles, electric light and
all requirements of motive power the combination of three cylinders of different
dimensions wherein the steam passes successively from the smallest to the largest
one, each piston serving as a slide-valve to one of the two other cylinders, the
connections being formed with tubes which are brazed to the pistons and cylinders.
The burnt gases surrounding the steam inlet and afterwards the cylinders. The
steam pipe being sloping towards the boiler in order to form an automatic return
of water drawn towards the same, a secondary cock putting occasionally the live
steam in connection with the. large cylinder.or the middle one.
(2.) In a steam motor for terrestrial, aquatic or aerial vehicles, the combination
of a condensor the surface of which is formed with tubes placed parallel to the
plane of movement of the vehicle; the internal surface of said tubes being in
contact with the atmosphere through which the vehicle is moving and the external
surface in contact with the exhaust steam and in connection or not with the
atmosphere.
(3.) In a steam motor the boiler of which is 'heated with hydrocarbons, a'fixed
lamp the flame of which is in proximity to the burner or burners, as specified.
Dated this 21st day of March 1895
.S. S. BROMHEAD,
97 Newgate Street, E.C., Agent for Applicant.

page_text: further chamber I¹ (Figs. 7, 8) containing a u
PP
passes more or less rapidly according to the movement of the vehicle.
These tubes are pierced near the back with small apertures to enable any
excess of steam to escape. The condensed water falls into the tank [" (Figs. 7, 8)
whence it is drawn by the suction pipe of the feed' pump J (Figs. 2, 7, 8, 9)
which pump has a variable action caused by a connecting rod K and link k
(Figs. 2, 9) said link being jointed to a lever g (with fixed fulcrum) operated by a
knee lever J (Figs. 1, 2, and 9) by means of two cords N (Figs. 1, 2, 9).
The heated gases proceding from the furnace F (Fig. 1) completely surround
They then escape
the cylinders of the motor after having surrounded the pipe B.
by the outlet pipe 63 (Figs. 1, 2, 4).
Any kind of boiler may be employed to generate the steam; in the drawings a
tubular boiler A is shewn entirely enclosed except for one or more openings to
receive the steam pipe B proceeding to the cylinders.
The metal of which the tubes and interior of the furnace is composed has a
smaller coefficient of expansion than that of the metal of the exterior walls.
The arrangements for safety consist of a pressure gauge all, one or more safety
valves and a magnetic indicator a¹, for shewing the level of the water, the magnet
of which affects a magnetised needle.
Any kind of fuel may be employed, in the machine shewn the furnace is adapted
for burning hydrocarbons. It is composed of the tubular burners ƒ (Figs. 1, 13)
pierced with holes, and of a vaporising tube e¹.
The reservoir E (Figs. 1, 2) for the hydrocarbon is situated above the level of
the furnace.
The combustible liquid descends by the pipe e, becomes vaporised in tube e
and injector c, (Figs. 2, 13), which is regulated by a needle fitted with a handle c¹
kept firm by a spring, and is connected to the pedal D by a cord d (Figs. 1, 2, 13).
The combustible gas then enters the burners f drawing with it the necessary supply
of air.
On first starting the apparatus, the liquid fuel is vaporised by means of a
lamp G (Fig. 1) which serves as a means also of relighting the burners if they
go out.
A cone L (Figs. 2, 3) on the axle motor drives another cone N by the usual belt
mounted on an intermediate axle n which carries a pinion n (Figs. 3, 11, 12)
which operates the differential gear of the rear axle of a tricycle of the "Starley
type," or other rear driven machine.
The change of speed is effected by the fork P (Figs. 1, 3) which displaces the
belt p mounted on the screw which is rotated by the motor axle by means of an
intermediate axle p¹ and the mitred pinions pl regulated by cords and double
lever P as shewn in Fig. 2.
The shaft n (Figs. 1, 3, 10, 11, 12) carries a brake handle and an automatic
clutching speed band in the double drum n"n".
The lever which is worked by the pedal Q and the cord Z brings' in' action
(through a muffled pulley and a small cable) the brake band mi at the end which is
the least tight according to the front or back travel of the vehicle; o being a fixed
fulcrum.
The drum n' is keyed upon the pinion 111 which is loose on shaft n; said drum
bears the guide-pulley r and the fixed fulcrums ẞ and of the spiral band a which
winds itself on the drum n", this latter being keyed upon the shaft n.
E
When the drum n¹¹ is a motor viz. :-(when the machine is in motion) and
vehicle going forward on resistance, the band a, on account of the friction, tends
to shorten and apply itself on said drum, and drawing with it the drum n', because
the tension of the spring & is sufficient; the latter being on the least tight end.
When the drum n¹ is a motor viz. :-when the machine is stopped and vehicle
5 going down forward, the band a tends to lengthen and does not apply itself any
more on the drum n" because the tension of spring 8 is then insufficient, this latter
being now on the tightest end.