An Improvement in or Substitute for Collars for Horses or other Animals.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left. 16th May. 1890-Accepted. 12th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in or Substitute for Collars for Horses or other
Animals.
I, ALFRED MENDEL of Strehlen, near Dresden, Saxony, German Empire, Land-
owner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The horse collar or collar substitute made according to this invention and which
may appropriately be called a back collar, is distinguished from ordinary horse collars
in that it does not rest on the neck of the horse but goes from the chest to the back,
where it is connected to a saddle or saddle-like carrier or bearing part.
In horse collars as heretofore made the collar rests wholly or partly on the fleshy
part of the neck, and sometimes in case it does not fit properly it causes abrasion of
the skin and very often rubs off part of the mane, while the part bearing on the neck
in no wise contributes to the draught. In order to make the ordinary horse collar fit
as exactly as possible to the form of the shoulders and neck it is sometimes made to
rest on a pad. The collar has thus hitherto been mainly carried by the neck of the
horse, and it is this that I wish to avoid.
According to my invention I shift the load of the collar on to the part of the horse
which is suited for carrying such a load, viz.-the back, and for this purpose the part
of the collar which rests against the shoulder blade is continued back to a saddle or
saddle-like carrier or bearing part which rests on the back. The "collar" and this
carrier are movably connected, and it is preferred to make the collar movable also, by
means of a hinge joint, so that the horse in pulling and drawing, when it applies its
drawing power to the collar, shall not work against an absolutely rigid mass, but
rather that the said parts of the harness shall possess the desired play for the alternate
lateral leg movements.
In carrying out my invention the sides of my back collar are united in front of the
chest by a hinge or link.
Each side may consist of a plate of metal, wood or other suitable material extending
in one piece up to the carrier, or it may wholly or partly consist of an openwork
This
frame. The plate or the openwork frame is fastened movably to the carrier.
may be done by a screw bolt having a head as shallow as possible and passed from
within through one of the holes provided in the carrier. The bolt goes through a slot
in the plate or frame and has a nut, which, however, is not screwed down so far as to
prevent the plate or frame having a little play. A number of holes are provided in
order that the connection of the plate or frame with the carrier may be adjusted
according to the individual form of horse. The carrier may consist of a saddle-like
part, having by preference a felt or leather flap or lining underneath. The carrier
with the flap or lining may be held by a belly band.
Where the plate or frame rests against that part of the horse through which the
pull is exerted the parts are padded as required.
The plate or frame on each side of the horse may if desired and instead of going in
a direct line to the carrier, go first in a more upward direction from the chest and
then in a horizontal direction, or nearly so, to the carrier. In such form a larger
part of the article may be made to rest against the shoulder blades through which the
power is exerted on the collar. Also in such form the plate or frame on each side of
the horse may be connected by a metal or wooden bow or strap over the neck of the
horse for the purpose of preventing the side parts of the collar from bending or
expanding, but without the bow or strap resting on the horse's neck. The leather or
rope trace may be hooked to a suitable part of the plate or frame,

page_text: In the above description of the back collar I have referred only to horses, but it is
equally applicable to all draught animals, such for example as mules.
Dated this 26th day of Ananch 1980.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent. Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improvement in or Substitute for Collars for Horses or other
Animals.
I, ALFRED MENDEL of Strehlen near Dresden, Saxony, German Empire, Land-
owner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The horse collar or collar substitute made according to this invention and which
may appropriately be called a back-collar is distinguished from ordinary horse collars
in that it does not rest on the neck of the horse, but goes from the chest to the back
where it is connected to a saddle or saddle-like carrier or bearing part.
In horse collars as heretofore made the collar rests wholly or partly on the fleshy
part of the neck, and sometimes if it does not fit properly it causes abrasion of the
skin and very often ruhs off part of the mane, while the part bearing on the neck in
no wise contributes to the draught. In order to make the ordinary horse collar fit as
exactly as possible to the form of the shoulders and neck it is sometimes made to rest
on a pad. The collar has thus hitherto been chiefly carried by the neck of the horse,
and it is this that I wish to avoid.
According to my invention I shift the load of the collar on to the part of the horse
which is suited for carrying such a load, viz. the back, and for this purpose the part
of the collar which rests against the shoulder blade is continued back to a saddle or
saddle-like carrier or bearing part which rests on the back. The "collar
" and this
carrier are movably connected, and it is preferred to make the collar movable also by
means of a hinge joint, so that the horse in pulling and drawing when it applies its
drawing power to the collar, shall not work against an absolutely rigid mass, but
rather that the said parts of the harness shall possess the desired play for the alternate
lateral leg movements.
Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed drawings will serve to illustrate my invention.
a, a are the sides of my back-collar; they are united in front of the chest by a hinge
or link b.
Each side may consist of a plate a of metal, wood or other suitable material
extending in one piece up to the carrier c or it may wholly or partly consist of an
openwork frame d. In the drawing this part is shown by way of example as made of
a metal plate a connected to the carrier c by an openwork frame d. The plate a or
the openwork frame is fastened movably or adjustably to the carrier c. This may be
effected by means of a screw holt e, having a head as shallow as possible and passed
from within through one of the holes provided in the carrier. The bolt goes through
a slot in the plate or frame d and has a nut which however is not screwed so tight as
to prevent the plate or frame having a little play. A number of holes are provided
in order that the connection of the plate or framed with the carrier may be adjusted
according to the particular form of the horse to which the collar is to be fitted.
The carrier c may consist of a saddle-like part having by preference a felt or leather
flap or lining underneath. The carrier with the flap or lining may be held by a
belly band.
Where the plate a or frame d rests against that part of the horse through which
the pull is exerted the parts are padded as required.
The plate a or frame d on each side of the horse may if desired and instead

page_text: of going in a direct line to the carrier c, go first in a more upward direction from the
chest and then in a horizontal direction or nearly so to the carrier. In such form a
larger portion of the article may be made to rest against the shoulder blades through
which the power is exerted on the collar. Also in such form the plates or frames on
the two sides of the horse may be connected by a metal or wooden bow or strap
carried over the neck of the horse for the purpose of preventing the side parts of the
collar from bending or expanding but without the bow or strap resting on the horse's
neck. The leather or rope traces may be hooked to a suitable part of the plate a or
frame d.
In the above description of the back collar I have referred only to horses, but it is
equally applicable to all draught animals, such for example as mules.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The collar or collar substitute hereinbefore called a back-collar for draught animals
consisting of a part resting against the chest and shoulder blades of the animal, and
of a saddle or saddle-like carrier which rests on the back of the animal, the part
which rests against the chest and shoulders being adjustably connected with the
carrier substantially as set forth.
Dated this 10
ப
M
1000
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Patent Agent.