Improved Means for Heating Greenhouses, Dwellings, and other Buildings.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 2nd June, 1893-Accepted, 8th July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Heating Greenhouses, Dwellings, and other
Buildings.
I, JOHN HONEYMAN of 140 Bath Street, Glasgow in the County of Lanark,
Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The heat is
This invention has for its object the provision of economical and efficient means
for heating greenhouses, apartments of dwelling houses and buildings generally, and
it consists in heating air and circulating it through heating surfaces distributed
throughout the apartments. These heated surfaces are the external surfaces of
chambers, ducts or pipes of various forms and dimensions to suit special circum-
stances and made of metal, fireclay or other suitable material.
produced either (a) within these chambers, ducts, &c., by electricity, or by gas, oil,
spirit or other lamps or fires producing little or no smoke; or (b) by the application
of heat externally either directly to part of the chamber or duct or to a prolongation
of it in the form of a worm or other contrivance placed in a fire furnace or boiler,
or exposed to the heat of any lamp or other source of heat. The heat produced
by these means whether internally or externally applied raises the temperature of
the air within the chamber or duct and causes it to circulate rapidly heating in
its course the whole of the external surface of the chamber or duct within which it
is confined; and as the air is not changed but only recharged with heat as it
circulates, the regenerative process continued produces a high temperature with
great economy of heating power.
In one convenient form the heating surface is composed of an elongated chamber
or tube of oblong cross section and of which the depth is greater than the width.
It is laid with a slight rise towards the end furthest from the heating power, and at
the opposite end a fireclay pocket is inserted into which the flame of a lamp or gas
jet plays heating the air coming in contact with it or with the heated fireclay or
metal of which the said pocket may be formed. The air thus heated rises and
passes along the upper portion of the chamber giving off heat to the metal, fireclay,
or other material of which the chamber is formed, and then returning along the
bottom or lower portion of the chamber at a reduced temperature is again brought
into contact with the flame and the heated pocket, or the pocket only, as the case
may be and so is again projected along the upper part of the chamber. On the
lower side or bottom of the chamber a depression or trap is formed to intercept
condensed vapor with a small opening at one or both ends to admit of the expansion
of the air when the heat is first applied and also the escape of the small amount of
This may be
air necessary to support the combustion of the lamp or gas jet.
removed to a flue or to the outside if desired by a small pipe connected with the
hole in the end of the trap. The plate in which the trap is formed is made movable
to give access to the interior of the chamber if required.
1
When the heating power is applied externally the air heated in a suitable pipe,
furnace or boiler is discharged into the upper part of the chamber or heater and
drawn from the lower part to be again reheated and circulated. The necessary
connections for this purpose are substituted for the heating pocket but in all other
respects the chamber or heater remains as in the arrangement described as adapted
to be heated by the flame of a lamp.
The chamber may be divided horizontally except for a short space at each end
or it may be formed of two or more separate tubes or pipes, but when the chamber
is so divided the return duct conveying the cooled air to the lamp or furnace, is
made of smaller dimensions than the flow pipe along which the newly reheated air.

page_text: first passes. The chamber may be set at any angle, or vertically the position of
the pocket or connections being varied accordingly but always being at the lowest
end of the chamber.
Dated this Third day of September 1892.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents..
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means for Heating Greenhouses, Dwellings, and other
Buildings.
I, JOHN HONEYMAN of 140 Bath Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object the provision of economical and efficient. means
for heating greenhouses apartments of dwellinghouses and buildings generally and
it consists in heating air and circulating it through pipes or chambers having
heating surfaces placed within the apartments to be heated. These heated surfaces
are the external surfaces of chambers ducts or pipes of various forms and
dimensions to suit special circumstances and made of metal fire-clay or other
suitable material. The heat is produced either (a) within these chambers ducts &c.
by electricity or by gas, oil, spirit or other lamps or fires producing little or no
smoke or (b) by the application of heat externally either directly to part of the
chamber or duct or to a prolongation of it in the form of a worm or other
contrivance placed in a fire furnace or boiler or exposed to the heat of any lamp or
other source of heat. The heat produced by these means whether internally or
externally applied raises the temperature of the air within the chamber or duct and
causes it to circulate rapidly heating in its course the whole of the external surface
of the chamber or duct within which it is confined and as the air is not changed
but only recharged with heat as it circulates the regenerative process continued
produces a high temperature with great economy of heating power.
In one convenient form represented in the annexed drawings in elevation at
Figure 1 in horizontal section at Figure 2 and in vertical section at Figure 3 the
heating surface is composed of an elongated chamber or tube A of oblong cross
section and of which the depth is preferably greater than the width. It is laid
with a slight rise towards the end furthest from the heating power, and at the
opposite end a fire-clay pocket B is inserted into which the flame of a lamp or gas
jet C plays heating the air coming in contact with it or with the heated fireclay or
metal of which the said pocket may be formed. The air thus heated rises and
passes as indicated by the arrows along the upper portion of the chamber giving
off heat to the metal, fire-clay or other material of which the chamber is formed
and then returning along the bottom or lower portion of the chamber at a reduced
temperature is again brought into contact with the flame and the heated pocket or
the pocket only as the case may be and so is again projected along the upper part
of the chamber. On the lower side or bottom of the chamber a depression or
trap D is formed to intercept condensed vapor with a small opening at one or both
ends d d to admit of the expansion of the air when the heat is first applied and also
the escape of the small amount of air necessary to support the combustion of the
lamp or gas jet. This may be removed to a flue by a pipe E as indicated by dotted
lines or to the outside if desired by a small pipe connected with the hole in the end
of the trap. The plate in which the trap D is formed is or may be made movable
to give access to the interior of the chamber if required.
When the heating power is applied externally as indicated in the example shown
at Figure 4, the air heated in a suitable pipe, furnace or boiler is discharged into
the upper part of the chamber or heater and drawn from the lower part to be again

page_text: reheated and circulated. The necessary connections such as the pipes F F for
this purpose are substituted for the heating pocket but in all other respects the
chamber or heater remains as in the arrangement described as adapted to be heated
by the flame of a lamp.
As indicated in the example shown at Figure 5 the chamber A may be divided
horizontally except for a short space at each end or it may be formed of two or
more separate tubes or pipes but when the chamber is so divided the return duct
conveying the cooled air to the lamp or furnace is preferably made of smaller
dimensions than the flow pipe along which the newly reheated air first passes. The
chamber may be set at any angle, or vertically the position of the pocket or
connections being varied accordingly but always being at the lowest end of the
chamber.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
The improved means herein before described with reference to the annexed
drawings for heating greenhouses dwellings and other buildings.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.