A Machine for the Manufacture of Glass-ware.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 14th June, 1898-Accepted, 6th Aug., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Machine for the Manufacture of Glass-ware.
I, FRANK O'NEILL, of Cicero, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States of
America, Moldmaker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to machines for the manufacture of glassware, and the
object of the same is to provide an improved rapidly working machine for forming
tumblers, jelly glasses and other articles of regular form. The invention includes
an improved mold carrier; improved pressing apparatus; improved actuating
and locking mechanisms; and improved apparatus for feeding molten glass to
the molds and for dividing the same into predetermined amounts. The invention
consists, further, in constructing the pressing mechanism, the feeding mechanism,
and the mold carrier to move intermittently; the actuation of the pressing and
feeding mechanisms being simultaneous, and alternating with the movement of
the mold carrier.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:-Figure 1 is a perspective view
of the machine, a portion only of the mold carrier being shown. Fig. 2 is a
side elevation of the pressing and actuating mechanisms, the former being in
raised position. Fig. illustrates the opposite side of the pressing mechanism
in similar position. Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, the pressing mechanism being
in lower position, as in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the pressing and
actuating mechanisms, a portion of the former being in section. Fig. 6 to 14
inclusive are views of detail portions of the machine. Fig. 15 is a side elevation
of the opposite side of the machine as seen in Fig. 1. Fig. 16 is a plan view,
partly in section, of the glass feeding and cut-off mechanisms. Fig. 17 is a
cross sectional view of the same. Fig. 18 is a longitudinal section. Figs. 19, 20,
and 21 are detail views of parts of the feeding mechanism.
Raised from base 1 are parallel overhanging uprights 2, slotted vertically at 3,
and supporting guides 4. On these guides moves head 5 connected by pitmen 6
and 7 to discs 8, the latter being secured to short shaft 9 journaled in uprights 2
and connected by gearing 10 with power shaft 11.
The vertical reciprocating, revoluble pressing mechanism is mounted on
shaft 12, the latter journaled in boxes 13 movable in slots 3. Shaft 12 is sus-
tained and reciprocated by plates 14 slotted at 15 and 15¹ to move vertically on
guides 16 and 161, respectively. Plates 14 are engaged at their lower ends and
reciprocated by eccentrics 17 on the inner sides of discs 8.
Projecting radially from shaft 12, at equal distances apart, are four
plungers 18, thus aligning through the shaft two oppositely positioned plungers.
The plungers are given a quarter turn after each pressing operation to bring
a fresh plunger to position, and I will now describe the mechanism for effecting
this turning while the plungers are clear of the molds. Facing the machine as
seen in Fig. 5, spider 19 is secured to the left hand end of shaft 12, between
plate 14 and pitman 6, and spider 20 is secured to the opposite end of the shaft
adjacent pitman 7. On pitman 6 is cuff 21 carrying spring held bolt 22 pro-
jecting normally into spider 19. This bolt engages, successively, the under
curved edges of the spider arms; and as pitman 6 swings in a greater arc than

page_text: said arms, the bolt moves inward under the latter while being raised from position
shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2, with the result that the spider, and
with it the plungers, are given an one-eighth turn. Bolt 22 is beveled at 221
to be automatically pressed back by the next succeeding arm of the spider and
engage its under edge when the pitman is lowering to, position shown in Fig. 1,
as when pressing an article. While bolt 22 is active in spider 19, bolt 23, secured
in similar manner by cuff 24 to pitman 7 is being brought to operative position
with relation to spider 20 in order to complete the one-quarter turn of the
plungers. This bolt is beveled at 231 to readily slip over, successively, the arms
of spider 20 so as to engage their convex edges as seen in Fig. 3. Thus with
the pitmen advancing toward the center of the spider, and at the same time
moving downward, the spider, is turned sufficiently to complete the one-quarter
turn and bring it to position indicated in Figs. 1 and 4. Thus it will be seen
that the turning mechanism at the left hand. of the machine is active during the
upward movement of the pitmen, while that on the right hand side is active
during the downward movement thereof. Guards 20 standing out from the con-
vex edges of the spider arms hold bolt 23 thereto, preventing the pressing plungers
from rotating too far. Spider 19 might be provided with similar guards for
bolt 22, but it is deemed sufficient to positively guide the mechanism only during
the latter part of its movement, as this insures accurate positioning of the
plungers. The spider arms are notched at 19¹ to facilitate the movement of the
bolts thereover.
Adjustable in head 5 is tube 25, positioned by nuts 26, and extending there-
through is bolt 27, adjustably secured by nuts 271, and at its lower end carrying
cup 28. Crosshead 29, on guides 4, is interposed between the cup and spring 30,
the latter at its upper end engaging tube 25. By this means the cup is yieldable
vertically and at the same time held normally depressed.
When the downwardly disposed plunger is in operative position, as in Fig. 4,
the upright plunger is engaged by cup 28, whereby downward pressure is im-
parted to the pressing mechanism. In this position, plates 14 are in their
lowermost adjustment, the extremities thereof riding on the short sides of cams 17.
As soon, however, as the pitmen begin to rise, plates 14 and with them the
pressing plungers, are raised, the plates being in engagement with surfaces 171
of the eccentrics, said surfaces being concentric with the pitmen wrist pins.
This upward movement of the plates and of the pressing mechanism is only
sufficient to draw the plunger from the mold, and then surfaces 17 of the
eccentrics are brought beneath plates 14, and these surfaces being concentric
with discs 8, the movement of the plates ceases, but the pitmen and head 5
continue to move upward, releasing cup 28 from its plunger, and leaving the
plunger shaft free to turn. This disengagement is effected before the pitmen
and cup 28 reach the upward limit of their movement and ample time is afforded
for turning the next succeeding plunger to operative position before cup 28
again descends. As surfaces 17b pass from under plates 14 the plunger mechanism
and the pressing mechanism are rigidly connected and have unitary movement
as the plunger enters the mold.
Mold carrier 31 is centrally mounted, and consists of a series of spokes carrying
at their outer ends the large circular gear wheel 32, and within said wheel
strip 33.
Molds 34 are trunioned on opposite sides where they are journaled to
wheel 32 and band 33 and between which they freely swing. The molds are
passed, successively, beneath and in line with the plungers, and the carrier being
moved intermittently by mechanism presently to be described, each mold remains
in such position sufficiently long to execute the molding and pressing operation.
Post 35, notched at 36 to pass the molds, supports the carrier directly beneath the
mold when receiving the plunger, thus relieving the same of all strain. Rotatable
with each mold is disc 37 having flat 38, and as the molds approach the plungers
the discs pass beneath the upwardly yielding guide 39 and are rolled thereby
until flats 38 hear thereagainst, and as the latter parallel the mold tops the molds

page_text: are thus held in upright position as they are presented to the glass feeding
and cut-off mechanism, presently to be described, and to the plungers. When
the molds pass from beneath the plungers they are free to rotate, and discs 37
meeting the under guide 40 the molds are inverted and discharge the pressed
articles. In the bottom of each mold is ejecting pin 41 for dislodging the
article' should it stick.
The carrier is intermittently rotated by gear 42 meshing with gear 32, the
former being loose on shaft 43. On the shaft, above gear 42, is arm 44 connected
by link 45 to crank 46 on shaft 47, said shaft being connected by bevel gear-
ing 48 to power shaft 11. Spring dog 49 on arm 44 is adapted to engage,
successively, depressions 50 in gear 42, and impart thereto a quarter turn,
movement sufficient to pass a mold from beneath the plungers and position
another.
The two-part bolt 51 enters one of openings 52 in gear 42 for locking the
latter after each intermittent movement. The bolt is moved to locking position
by cam 54 on shaft 43, the cam engaging the lower hooked end of the bolt and
moving it upward against pressure of spring 53 until aligned with one of
openings 52, into which the upper section of the bolt is forced. The cam is
turned back by shaft 43 and arm 44 when the latter moves back for a new hold
on wheel 42.
Each plunger carries a mold cover 55 yieldably held by springs 57 on rods 56.
Said rods extend from head 58 adjustable on the plunger stem by nuts 59, and
thus the position of the mold cover is varied as may be necessary. While the
mechanism here shown and described has four plungers, and mechanism for
securing an one-quarter, turn of the plunger shaft at a time, I do not wish
to be understood as limiting myself to this number, as a greater or less number
may be provided, with the rotating mechanism varied as may be necessary to
adapt it to the number used.
Referring now to the molten glass feeding mechanism, the hopper is narrow
and elongated and its sides 60 are hollow at 61 in which water circulates to
maintain the hopper at uniform temperature. Feeding wheels 62 are mounted
within the hopper on shafts 63, the latter carrying intermeshing gears 04. On
one of shafts 63 is ratchet arm 65, connected by pitmen 66 to wheel 67 on
shaft 68, the latter carrying gear 69 meshing with gear 70 on power shaft 11.
Pitman 66 has an adjustable wristpin connection with wheel 67, as shown at 71,
Fig. 21, so that a greater or less movement may be imparted to the feeding
wheels. The latter are open on one side, and extending through the peripheries
thereof are pins 72 which at their inner ends embrace cam flanges 73 projecting
into the open sides of the feed wheels. The cams are so disposed that the pins
are held projected while turning downward toward the centrally arranged
feeding box 74; but are retracted by the cams to position flush with the wheel
peripheries when passing the said box. Thus the molten glass is drawn down-
ward and forced through box 74. Beneath the latter are shear knives 75 movable
in suitable slideways and carrying depending pins 76 which are embraced by
eccentric grooves 77 in wheels 78, and to the latter are geared shafts 79, which
in turn are geared to shaft 68, for imparting proper motion to the knives.
In operation, the hopper is kept filled with molten glass, and the consistency
of the same is such that it will pass downward through box 74 and to the cut-off
knives only when wheels 62 are in motion. The movement of the wheels is so regu-
lated and capable of such adjustment, that only a predetermined quota or batch
will be fed at each intermittent movement thereof, so that the molten glass
is discharged into the molds with accuracy as to amount, and at proper intervals.
The plungers are removably secured to the plunger carrying head, and the
molds are removably mounted in the carrier, so that said parts may be readily
changed to conform to the particular work in hand..
The feeding and cut-off mechanisms greatly facilitate the manufacture of
glass articles and render the same uniform as the supply, of glass is accurately

page_text: gaged. However the machine is capable of use without the said mechanisms,
and when so used the molten glass is carried to and discharged directly in the
molds, as now generally practised.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, aligned plungers adapted
to be moved, successively, in and out of operative position, means for so moving
the plungers, and depressing mechanism operatively engaging an inactive plunger
for actuating an aligned active plunger.
2. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding a revoluble shaft, pressing plungers arranged radially thereon with each
plunger aligning with another plunger through the shaft and adapted, succes-
sively, to move to operative position, and mechanism for longitudinally pressing
one plunger for actuating the aligned active plunger.
3. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, a movable series of plungers,
the plungers being arranged in pairs, cam members movable with the plunger
series, and actuating mechanism adapted to engage one plunger of a pair for
actuating the other plunger, the actuating mechanism also imparting movement
to the cam members for bringing the plungers, successively, to operative position.
4. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding a revoluble series of reciprocating plungers, and plunger reciprocating
mechanism operatively connected to the plunger series for rotating the same.
5. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding a revoluble shaft, pressing plungers thereon adapted, successively, to
move to operative position, and plunger reciprocating mechanism operatively
connected to the shaft for imparting thereto intermittent rotary movement.
6. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, an intermittently revoluble
vertically reciprocating shaft, pressing plungers arranged radially thereon, each
plunger aligning with another plunger through the shaft, the plungers becoming
successively active, and reciprocating mechanism adapted to engage the plunger
aligning with the active plunger.
7. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding a shaft, pressing plungers thereon, spiders on the shaft, and plunger
reciprocating mechanism operatively connected with the spiders for intermittently
rotating the shaft.
8. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding rotatable pressing plungers, spiders rotatable therewith, and plunger
reciprocating mechanism operatively connecting with the spiders for intermit-
tently rotating the plungers.
9. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
eluding rotatable plungers, spiders rotatable therewith having curved arms,
plunger reciprocating pitmen, and bolts on the pitmen operatively engaging the
Curved spider arms for intermittently rotating the plungers.
10. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding rotatable plungers, spiders rotatable therewith having curved arms,
plunger reciprocating pitmen, spring actuated bolts on the pitmen operatively
engaging the spider arms for intermittently rotating the plungers, and means
for automatically engaging and disengaging the bolts with the spiders.
11. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding rotatable plungers, and two spiders rotatable therewith, two plunger
reciprocating pitmen, one adjacent each spider and operatively connected thereto
to alternately partially rotate the spiders and plungers.
12. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding rotatable vertically reciprocating plungers, plunger depressing mechan
ism, and reciprocating means for the plungers and the depressing mechanism

page_text: adapted to impart longer upward movement to the latter than to the plungers
so as to free the plungers for rotation.
13. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding rotatable plungers, vertically reciprocating supports therefor, and
eccentrics beneath the supports for reciprocating them and the plungers.
14. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding rotatable plungers, reciprocating supports in which the same rotate, a
plunger depresser and actuating mechanism therefor, rotatable eccentrics for
reciprocating the supports, and plunger rotating mechanism.
15. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding rotatable plungers, vertically reciprocating supports in which the plungers
rotate, a depresser adapted to engage an inactive plunger for actuating another
plunger, actuating wheels, pitmen connecting the wheels and depresser, and
eccentrics rotatable with the wheels for reciprocating the supports.
16. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism in-
cluding a series of radially arranged rotatable plungers, a head carrying a plunger
depresser, plunger reciprocating mechanism, head reciprocating mechanism
adapted to raise the depresser clear of the plungers for the purpose described,
and plunger turning means.
17. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, a series of rotatable
plungers and means for rotating the same, reciprocating supports in which the
plungers rotate, a plunger depresser, actuating mechanism operatively connected
to the depresser and plungers, and support reciprocating eccentrics.
18. The combination of a carrier, molds mounted therein, members adapted
to swing the molds and having straight surfaces extending at right angles to
the mold axes, and guides adapted to engage said straight surfaces for holding
the molds against swinging.
19. The combination of a carrier, molds mounted therein to swing vertically,
and mechanism for righting the molds and holding them upright as they are
presented to the pressing machine.
20. The combination of a carrier, molds rotatable therein, discs rotatable with
the molds and flattened on one edge, and guides which the flats of the discs
engage for holding the molds in fixed position.
21. The combination of a carrier, molds revoluble therein, discs revoluble
with the molds and flattened on a line parallel with the mold tops, and guides
out of the plane of the mold axes but in line with the discs, the flats of the
latter engaging the guides and holding the molds fixed.
22. The combination of a carrier, molds revoluble therein, discs turnable with.
the molds and flattened on one edge, and vertically yielding guides in line with
the discs and adapted to hold the molds as described.
23. The combination of a mold carrier, wheel 42 geared thereto, a vertically
movable locking bolt adapted to engage the wheel, and actuating mechanism
common to the wheel and bolt.
24. The combination of a mold carrier geared to wheel 42, a wheel locking bolt,
and mechanism actuating simultaneously the wheel and bolt.
25. The combination of a mold carrier geared to intermittently rotating
wheel 42, a locking bolt for the wheel, and vibrating cam 54 for actuating the
bolt.
26. The combination of a mold carrier geared to wheel 42, a shaft, an arm
adapted to vibrate the shaft, a dog on the arm engaging and intermittently
rotating the wheel, cam 54 secured to the vibratory shaft, and a locking bolt
for the wheel actuated by the said cam.
27. The combination of a mold carrier, a wheel geared thereto formed with
depressions in one face, a vibratory arm, means for vibrating the arm, and a
spring actuated bolt carried by the arm and adapted automatically to successively
engage the wheel depressions.
28. Molten glass feeding mechanism, consisting of oppositely revoluble wheels,

page_text: a feeding box between the wheels, pins revoluble with and projecting beyond
the wheel peripheries, and means for retracting the pins so as to pass the feeding
box.
29. Molten glass feeding mechanism, including knives, and cam wheels
operatively connected to the knives for actuating the same.
30. Molten glass feeding mechanism, including knives having projecting pins,
and wheels formed with cam grooves into which the pins project for actuating
the knives when the wheels are in motion.
:
31. Molten glass feeding mechanism including feeding wheels, intermeshing
gears on the wheel journals, shaft 68 operatively connected to the gears, cut-off
knives beneath the wheels, and actuating mechanism for the knives operatively
connected to the said shaft.
32. Molten glass feeding mechanism including intermittently rotating wheels,
cut-off knives beneath the wheels, and actuating mechanism common to the
wheels and knives.
33. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism,
molten glass feeding mechanism, a mold carrier, molds on the carrier, and means
for intermittently moving the carrier so as to pass the molds, successively, from
the feeding mechanism to the pressing mechanism.
34. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, pressing mechanism,
molten glass feeding mechanism, a mold carrier, molds on the carrier, and
actuating mechanism common to the pressing mechanism, the feeding mechanism
and the carrier, and adapted to intermittently move the carrier to pass the molds
from the feeding mechanism to the pressing mechanism.
35. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, a mold, a mold carrier,
a movable cut-off mechanism above the carrier, a plunger, means for moving the
plunger and cut-off mechanism, and means for alternating the movement of the
carrier with the movement of the cut-off mechanism and plunger.
36. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, a mold, a movable mold
carrier, a movable cut-off mechanism above the carrier, a plunger, and means
for intermittently moving the carrier, and simultaneously actuating the cut-off
mechanism and plunger, the movement of the carrier alternating with that of
the cut-off and plunger.
37. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, a mold, a movable mold
carrier, a movable cut-off mechanism above the carrier, a plunger, a power shaft
operatively connected to the carrier and to the cut-off mechanism and to the
plunger, whereby the carrier will be intermittently moved alternately with the
cut-off and plunger.
38. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, a mold, a movable mold
carrier, a movable cut-off mechanism above the carrier, a plunger, actuating
mechanism common to the carrier the cut-off and plunger, the movement of the
carrier alternating with the movement of the cut-off and plunger, and a
lock for holding the carrier fixed when the cut-off and plunger operate.
39. In a machine for the manufacture of glassware, a mold, a movable mold
carrier, movable means for separating a quantity of glass from the supply thereof,
a plunger and means for alternating the movement of the carrier with that of
the separating means and plunger.
Dated this 14th dox f T 1000
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.