IMPROVE. MENTS IN CHAIRS OR RAIL FASTENERS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM CORTEEN of 41 North Church Street Sheffield in the County of
York Carriage Maker do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN CHAIRS OR RAIL FASTENERS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS" to be
as follows:
The object of my Invention is to support and secure any description of rail with
like and equal form of fitting to each side.
The foundation of the chair consists of a metal block, having flat bearing with
holes bored into same with usual bolts and nuts (though I prefer those known as
"Ibbotsons Patent") to secure it to any foundation, and part of one side is
moveable, so as to enable the rail to be put into its regular position, being
originally supported equally at the bottom and at one side only-The moveable
part is then forined and fitted on thus.-A portion is scooped out on such side in
such forin as to admit of the rail being placed in or out of its position, and the
above separate portion is made to fit in and correspond with the scooped form,
being also cut down each side to receive the clasp formed to fit the remaining side
of the rail, and the two lug or foot ends are so shaped as to pass into the recess left
underneath the rail. By making the chairs wider, all rails by the use of such
chairs, can be secured together.
Through the shoulders (which thereby support each other) of the two parts, a
horizontal hole is bored, being made slightly lower on the lower block, and a
cross-pin or bolt (being usually slightly tapered at one end) is driven through the
whole, and by this method; a draw joint or draw bolt action is obtained, whereby
the parts are drawn closely together, and a firm grip obtained, or the same may be
liberated by the reverse action.
To preserve the rail and chair from rust, I interpose between the rail and the
chair, a thin layer of leather or other substitute, and, in usual cases, I place a
bearing of leather or india-rubber or other substitute under the chair, whereby, in
either case, a vacancy and lodgement of water and otherwise therein is avoided.
The chairs can be employed for all the varieties of rails in use, or to any
description of sleeper, or to the rails for tramcars.
In case of carriages being moved on to other rails, the fixed part of the chair is
extended to the next rail, with an additional moveable part, as before, but one

page_text: bearing part only is required for this purpose, and I sometimes insert concealed pin,
so as better to regulate the switch movement.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the application of my Invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the metal block without the moveable part.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the parts when fitted together ready for the pin
or bolt.
Figures 3 and 4 shew the same from a top view.
Like letters of reference where such letters appear indicate corresponding parts
in the Drawings.
In Figure 1 the stationary metal block or portion of chair A (which is all in one
piece) has a flat bearing resting on the layer B, the latter being made of leather,
india-rubber, or other substitute, and the block and layer are fastened to the
sleeper by bolts and nuts C-The other side D of the stationary block with the
shaded part, is shaped or scooped, as shewn, to admit the other portion of tho chair
after the rail is put in position, the two lug or foot ends D' having to pass slightly
--underneath-the-rail.
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In Figure 2, the rail E is shewn in its proper position with the moveable part of
the chair F then fitted in over the D portion of the block.
The holes G are bored a little higher on the moveable than on the stationary
part so as to cause the bolt to act as a draw joint-When the bolt is inserted the
parts are drawn closely together and a firm grip obtained, and the parts may be
correspondingly-liberated.
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The layer B avoids rust and for the like purpose a thin layer of leather or
-india-rubber-or-other-like-material-is-sometimes-laid-between-the-rail-and-the-
chair.
When the chair is used for holding together the ends of the rails, the parts are
made wider and placed upon the sleeper in such a position as to receive the ends of
the rail in the middle of the chair_By_this_means cross_bolts, wedges, fish plates,
and other like fastenings are dispensed with.

page_text: I WILLIAM CORTEEN of 41 North Church Street Sheffield in the County of
York Carriage Maker do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHAIRS OR RAIL FASTENERS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS" and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of my Invention is to support and secure any description of rail with
like and equal form of fitting to each side.
The foundation of the chair consists of a metal block having flat bearing with
holes bored into same with usual bolts and nuts, (though I prefer those known as
"Ibbotson's Patent") to secure it to any foundation and part of one side is
moveable so as to enable the rail to be put into its regular position, being orginally
supported equally at the bottom and at one side only-The moveable part is then
formed and fitted on thus-A portion is scooped out on such side in such form as
to admit of the rail being placed in or out of its position and the above separate
portion is made to fit in and correspond with the scooped form being also cut
down each side to receive the clasp formed to fit the remaining side of the rail, and
the two lug or foot ends are so shaped as to pass into the recess left underneath the
rail By making the chairs wider, all rails by the use of such chairs can be
secured together.
Through the shoulders (which thereby support each other) of the two parts, a
horizontal hole is bored, being made slightly lower on the lower block, and a
cross-pin or bolt (being usually slightly tapered at one end) is driven through the
hole, and by this method, a draw joint or draw bolt action is obtained, whereby the
parts are drawn closely together, and a firm grip obtained, or the same may be
liberated by the reverse action.
To preserve the rail and chair from rust, I interpose between the rail and the
chair, a thin layer of leather or other substitute and, in usual cases, I place a
bearing of leather or india-rubber or other substitute under the chair, whereby, in
either case, a vacancy and lodgement of water and otherwise therein is avoided.
The chairs can be employed for all the varieties of rails in use, or to any description
of sleeper, or to the rails of tram cars.
In case of carriages being moved on to other rails, the fixed part of the chair is
extended to the next rail, with an additional moveable part, as before, but one
bearing part only is required for this purpose, and I sometimes insert concealed
pins so as better to regulate the switch movement.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the application of my Invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the metal block without the moveable part.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the parts when fitted together ready for the pin
or bolt.
Figures 3 and 4 shew the same from a top view.
Likė letters of reference, where such letters appear, indicate corresponding parts
in the Drawings.
In Figure 1 the stationary metal block or portion of chair A (which is all in one
piece) has a flat bearing resting on the layer B, the latter being made of leather
india-rubber or other substitute, and the block and layer are fastened to the
sleeper by bolts and nuts C-The other side D of the stationary block with the
shaded part is shaped or scooped as shewn to admit the other portion of the chair
after the rail is put in position, the two lug or foot ends D' having to pass slightly
underneath the rail.

page_text: In Figure 2 the rail E is shewn in its proper position with the moveable part
of the chair F then fitted in over the D portion of the block.
The holes G are bored a little higher on the moveable than on the stationary
part, so as to cause the bolt to act as a draw joint-When the bolt is inserted the
parts are drawn closely together and a firm grip obtained, and the parts may be
correspondingly liberated.
The layer B avoids rust, and for the like purpose, a thin layer of leather or
india-rubber, or other like material, is sometimes laid between the rail and the
chair.
When the chair is used for holding together the ends of the rails, the parts are
made wider, and placed upon the sleeper in such a position as to receive the ends of
the rail in the middle of the chair.
By this means, cross bolts wedges fish-plates and other fastenings, are dispensed
with.
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Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
First The above described improved railway chair whereby wedges are
dispensed with, and any description of rail is supported with equal or corre-
sponding form of fitting to each side, and whereby the chair, by means of the
crosspin-arrangement,-is-held firmly together or liberated at will as shewn by the
Drawings.
Second The application of such chair to secure the ends of rails, whereby cross
bolts fish plates and other usual fastenings, are dispensed with, and any weakening
of the rail avoided.
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Third—The application of my Invention to all varieties of-rails or-sleepers, or to
tramways as shewn.
Fourth-The general improvements in the permanent way of railways as herein
substantially described and set forth.
Dated this Tenth day of April One thousand eight hundred and eighty four.
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